bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wuchereria bancrofti infection is associated with progression to clinical visceral leishmaniasis in VL- endemic areas in Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India
Authors: Singh Abhishek Kumar , de Gooyer Tanyth , Singh Om Prakash , Pandey Sundaram , Neyaz Aziza , Cloots Kristien , Kansal Sangeeta , Malaviya Paritosh , Rai Madhukar , Nylén Susanne , Chakravarty Jaya , Hasker Epco , Sundar Shyam 
Published: October 2023

Background
Co-endemicity of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) necessitates that these diseases should be considered concomitantly to understand the relationship between pathology and to support disease management and control programs. The aims of the study were to assess the prevalence of filarial infection in asymptomatic Leishmania donovani infected individuals and the correlation of Wuchereria bancrofti infection with progression to clinical visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Bihar, India.

Methodology/Principal findings
Within the Muzaffarpur-TMRC Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) area, a cohort of Leishmania seropositive (n = 476) or seronegative individuals (n = 1130) were sampled annually for three years for filarial infection and followed for progression to clinical VL. To corroborate the results from the cohort study, we also used a retrospective case-control study of 36 VL cases and 71 controls selected from a subset of the HDSS population to investigate the relationship between progression to clinical VL and the prevalence of filarial infection at baseline. Our findings suggest a higher probability of progression to clinical VL in individuals with a history of filarial infection: in both the cohort and case-control studies, progression to clinical VL was higher among filaria infected individuals (RR = 2.57, p = 0.056, and OR = 2.52, p = 0.046 respectively).

Conclusion
This study describes that progression to clinical VL disease is associated with serological evidence of prior infection with W. bancrofti. The integration of disease programs for Leishmania and lymphatic filariasis extend beyond the relationship of sequential or co-infection with disease burden. To ensure elimination targets can be reached and sustained, we suggest areas of co-endemicity would benefit from overlapping vector control activities, health system networks and surveillance infrastructure.
Predictions from standard epidemiological models of consequences of segregating and isolating vulnerable people into care facilities
Authors: Hickey Joseph , Rancourt Denis G. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
Since the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments have imposed policies to reduce contacts between people who are presumed to be particularly vulnerable to dying from respiratory illnesses and the rest of the population. These policies typically address vulnerable individuals concentrated in centralized care facilities and entail limiting social contacts with visitors, staff members, and other care home residents. We use a standard epidemiological model to investigate the impact of such circumstances on the predicted infectious disease attack rates, for interacting robust and vulnerable populations.

Methods
We implement a general susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) compartmental model with two populations: robust and vulnerable. The key model parameters are the per-individual frequencies of within-group (robust-robust and vulnerable-vulnerable) and between-group (robust-vulnerable and vulnerable-robust) infectious-susceptible contacts and the recovery times of individuals in the two groups, which can be significantly longer for vulnerable people.

Results
Across a large range of possible model parameters including degrees of segregation versus intermingling of vulnerable and robust individuals, we find that concentrating the most vulnerable into centralized care facilities virtually always increases the infectious disease attack rate in the vulnerable group, without significant benefit to the robust group.

Conclusions
Isolated care homes of vulnerable residents are predicted to be the worst possible mixing circumstances for reducing harm in epidemic or pandemic conditions.
Abstract 6306: Genomic analysis markers of stemness in oral cancer progression
Authors: Unger Gretchen , Wuertz Beverly G , Gaffney Patrick , Ondrey Frank G 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: In clinical cancer treatment there is an continuing effort to identify limited gene sets from high dimensional data to predict risk, treatment response, etc. Oral carcinogenesis is a multistep process of mutations, disordered growth, and the development of invasion. In the oral cancer milieu, inflammation and stemness has been demonstrated to be cooperative during carcinogenesis. We hypothesized that differences in inflammation, stemness, and EMT might distinguish lesion and adjacent normal mucosa in our RNA Seq data on preneoplastic lesions. Once candidate genes are identified they might be applied to other oral mucosal specimens to identify risk for malignancy development.
Materials and Methods: We collected lesion and adjacent normal mucosal tissues from 16 subjects with high risk leukoplakia and early oral cancer (T1N0 and T2N0). Sequencing libraries were generated using the Illumina Truseq Stranded mRNA library prep kit. Sequencing was performed on an Illumina Hiseq 3000 instrument with paired-end 75bp read and sequenced to an overall depth of 30 million reads per sample.
Results: After developing a biospecimen collection procedure that functions in the senior author’s clinic flow, we were able to isolate sequenceable total RNA from 100% of the specimens we collected. We identified several hundred differentially expressed genes between lesion and adjacent normal. With regard to stemness, inflammation, and EMT we multiple candidate genes that could be incorporated into a limited gene set for further studies. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family members were of particular interest in the stemness candidate genes, for example. ALD 1A1 and ALD 3B1, were significantly upregulated in lesion versus normal (P< 0.02).
Conclusions: We conclude there are differentially expressed inflammatory, EMT, and stemness in oral preneoplastic specimens. We have identified multiple candidate genes that could be assembled into a limited gene panel (12-24 genes) for further studies of oral cancer risk in mucosal lesions
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN ESTIMASI BIAYA PADA RUMAH TINGGAL 2 LANTAI MENGGUNAKAN MATERIAL KONTAINER
Authors: Yoga Alwan Adhirajasa 
Published: October 2023

The dwindling availability of land has resulted in an increase in the price of residential houses every year, moreover cities with relatively denser populations have an increase in house prices of more than 20% each year. The design of residential houses by utilizing used containers will save material, transportation, and construction costs, so it is hoped that this alternative can be developed to become a sustainable solution. The research was conducted by designing a 2-storey container house with a building area of 172.8 m2 using the SketchUp2022 software and then calculating the estimation cost analysis. The results of the estimation costs show that conatainer house needs cost of IDR 565,476,007.90 or IDR 2,827,380.04/m2 included tax. So that container house can savings of 19.22% - 43.45% when compared to the average price of conventional houses in Indonesia of IDR 4,500,000.00 - IDR 6,000,000.00 per m2 .
Student exploration of the Henderson-Hasselbach equation and pH readings to determine the pK

a
value of 4,4′-trimethylenedipiperidine (TMDP)
Authors: Zaharani Lia , Khaligh Nader Ghaffari 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This educatory experiment uses an inexpensive pH meter to determine an approximate negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (pK

a
) value of 4,4′-trimethylenedipiperidine (TMDP). Using a pH meter and statistical data analysis by Excel tool presents an excellent opportunity to deepen student engagement with the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and acid/base dissociation constant (K

a
/K

b
). Furthermore, students understand the importance determination of K

a
/K

b
and its relationship with the concentration and strength of acid/base. Four different concentrations of TMDP aqueous solutions were prepared and a series of pH readings were collected using a calibrated pH meter. Some statistical parameters were calculated and analyzed using the statistical program in Excel. Finally, students identified an unknown pK

a
for TMDP and compared their obtained value with a predicted pK

a
using software like ChemAxon. The experiment is inexpensive, safe, simple, and clean, and less experienced students can perform it. In addition, all pH recordings can be readily accessible for analysis and descriptive statistics by the Excel formula.
Relativistic effects on the chemistry of heavier elements: why not given proper importance in chemistry education at the undergraduate and postgraduate level?
Authors: Das Ankita , Das Udita , Das Ruhi , Das Asim K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Relativistic effects are important to understand the chemistry of heavier elements across the periodic table (PT). Three important relativistic effects are: contraction of s- and p-orbitals (direct relativistic effect), expansion of d- and f-orbitals (indirect relativistic effect) and spin–orbit (SO) coupling to split the p-, d- and f-orbitals. Each of these effects is approximately proportional to Z
2 (Z = atomic number) for the valence shell electrons in many electron atoms and consequently, these relativistic effects dominantly control the properties of the heavier elements (mainly the 6th and 7th period elements). These aspects are not given the proper importance in most of the inorganic chemistry text books and in chemistry education at the university level.
Assessing the Importance of Sample Choice and Selectivity for Sex Segregation in College Majors: A Replication of Ochsenfeld (2016)
Authors: Patzina Alexander , Toussaint Carina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ochsenfeld (2016) has found that a substantial part of sex segregation in higher education results from differences in vocational interests (i.e., preferences), while constraints (e.g., relative math grades) play only a minor role. We challenge the validity of these findings because earlier work employed a cross-sectional student sample and might therefore suffer from endogenous selection (i.e., post hoc rationalizations due to simultaneous reporting of majors and preferences) and postoutcome collider bias (i.e., conditioning on the outcome). Our replication study uses panel data (National Educational Panel Study, NEPS-SC4) that allow adjustment for the two sources of bias through the application of a pretransition preference measure and inverse probability weighting. Our analyses demonstrate the validity of prior research. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that the explanatory power of the overall model and the role of constraints for sex segregation in majors vary across the propensity of sample inclusion, thereby demonstrating the importance of sample composition for testing sociological theories.
Whole-Brain Evaluation of Cortical Microconnectomes
Authors: Matsuda Kouki , Shirakami Arata , Nakajima Ryota , Akutsu Tatsuya , Shimono Masanori 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe brain is an organ that functions as a network of many elements connected in a nonuniform manner. In the brain, the neocortex is evolutionarily newest and is thought to be primarily responsible for the high intelligence of mammals. In the mature mammalian brain, all cortical regions are expected to have some degree of homology, but have some variations of local circuits to achieve specific functions performed by individual regions. However, few cellular-level studies have examined how the networks within different cortical regions differ. This study aimed to find rules for systematic changes of connectivity (microconnectomes) across 16 different cortical region groups. We also observed unknown trends in basic parametersin vitrosuch as firing rate and layer thickness across brain regions. Results revealed that the frontal group shows unique characteristics such as dense active neurons, thick cortex, and strong connections with deeper layers. This suggests the frontal side of the cortex is inherently capable of driving, even in isolation and that frontal nodes provide the driving force generating a global pattern of spontaneous synchronous activity, such as the default mode network. This finding provides a new hypothesis explaining why disruption in the frontal region causes a large impact on mental health.
A model based on the gradient boosting regressor to predict trends in the ratio of residence in relation to the age of homeless people in Colombia
Authors: Ordóñez Erazo Hugo Armando , Bucheli Guerrero Víctor Andres , Ordoñez Quintero Cristian Camilo 
Published: October 2023

Objective: To generate a machine learning model that is capable of predicting trends in the reasons that lead to being a street dweller during adolescent and adult ages. Methodology: The model is trained with information of the Census of Street Dwellers - CHC- 2021 of the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE), which contains 19.375 records and 22 variables. The population of street dwellers is identified to include children, young people, adults, the elderly, and even families, who, regardless of their age, gender, race, marital status, social or mental condition, or occupation, live there depending on a reason that somehow forces them to stay permanently or for periods of time. Then, different models were applied until the results described below were obtained. Results: The paper presents an ensemble model of machine learning algorithms based on Gradient Boosting Regressor to predict trends in the reason for street dwelling in relation to the age of street dwellers in Colombia. The results obtained in the model evaluation are promising, providing validity for the model to serve as a basis for government institutions for the formulation, management, and evaluation of policies, plans, and programs of the municipal administration in relation to street dwellers. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the proposed model can serve as a basis to support decision-making by government institutions for public policies, and programs of the municipal and local administration regarding the comprehensive care, rehabilitation, and social inclusion of street dwellers in Colombia.
La inmigración y el mercado laboral en Colombia. El caso de la diáspora venezolana
Authors: Álvarez William 
Published: October 2023

Este artículo describe la evolución y las características principales de la población inmigrante en Colombia antes y después de los diverso decretos y leyes que hanconstituido las bases sociojurídicas del sistema migratorio contemporáneo en Colombia. Se presta particularmente atención en los cambios drásticos que tuvieron lugar en el volumen y composición de la población inmigrante bajo el nuevo marco legal sobre migración iniciado en años recientes. Es tratada también la relación entre los recientes cambios en la economía colombiana y la inmigración. El artículo concluye con una valoración de las principales formas de inserción económica de los inmigrantes en el mercado de trabajo colombiano y de su impacto en la sociedad. La información suministrada en este artículo se comprende principalente de relatos de vida y de entrevistas semiestructuradas logradas luego de extensas jornadas de observación participante en la ciudad de Barranquilla, sumado a un cuestionario aplicado en otras dos ciudades.
Retos para la implementación de otras medidas de conservación (OMEC) en Colombia
Authors: Atehortúa Arredondo Clara , González Fabra Yeidys , Ocampo Jaramillo Ana Cristina 
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Una de las propuestas relativas a la conservación ambiental, es implementar medidas que trasciendan las zonas de reserva. Las Otras Medidas Efectivas de Conservación-OMEC aparecen como instrumentos que pueden contribuir en el avance de asuntos clave la materia. Derivado de esto, dichas medidas son un escenario que permite exponer los desafíos y posibilidades de las iniciativas de origen comunitario, en un contexto que privilegia las iniciativas de conservación gubernamentales. Método: Para la realización del artículo se hizo uso de herramientas de investigación cualitativa-documental y socio-jurídica crítica. Se construyó un sistema de información documental durante el año 2021, que incluyó instrumentos internacionales; normativa nacional ambiental; y documentos provenientes o que pueden servir de base para la toma de decisiones por institucionales nacionales elaborados durante 2018-2021. Resultados: el artículo describe el contexto normativo nacional para entender los desafíos de la implementación de las OMEC en el país. Con base en esta lectura, se plantean los elementos de este contexto y cómo pueden incidir en la implementación y efectos de las mismas. Por último se presentan algunos de los retos identificados para la implementación de las OMEC en Colombia. Conclusiones: En Colombia ha predominado un tipo de gobernanza que desatiende algunas de las tareas y acciones de conservación desarrolladas por las comunidades. En este sentido, prevalece la necesidad del reconocimiento de las comunidades como actores en el territorio, de manera que sean consultadas en relación a las decisiones que puedan afectar los territorios, los ecosistemas y sus modos de vida.
El derecho a la conectividad y su relación con el principio interamericano de desarrollo progresivo: La nueva realidad tras la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Camacho Vinueza Daniela 
Published: October 2023

El objetivo del presente artículo es explicar la manera en la que el acceso a la conectividad tiene relación expresa con el principio interamericano de desarrollo progresivo, panorama que se vislumbró tras la propagación de la pandemia por COVID-19. Para el cumplimiento de dicho objetivo, se ha manejado una metodología cualitativa con enfoque histórico hermenéutico que procura analizar el acceso al internet como un posible derecho humano, para lo cual se efectúa un análisis normativo, doctrinal y jurisprudencial que permite verificar si resulta o no posible dicha categorización.
Tras el desarrollo de la investigación, se obtuvieron interesantes resultados, pues se identificó que los Estados debieron tomar medidas para evitar el contagio, y procurar el respeto de los derechos en la mayor normalidad posible. Así, países como Colombia, declararon un estado de excepción, que trajo consigo la limitación legítima de derechos fundamentales; por su parte los Sistemas Internacionales de Protección de Derechos Humanos, se pronunciaron haciendo hincapié en la atención que debe darse a la población vulnerable, y al acceso a la información que se debe garantizar a toda la población en este tipo de escenarios, para concluir que el acceso a la conectividad y a la internet resulta una necesidad de primera mano, siendo además un medio para promover la efectividad de los derechos y a su vez implica la evolución social, económica y jurídica de los Estados, atendiendo las nuevas necesidades que se observan tras el cambio de paradigma y contexto que trae consigo la nueva realidad.
Conceptual Framework of Applied Holistic Education in Physical Education and Sports: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence
Authors: Syaukani Agam Akhmad , Mohd Hashim Asha Hasnimy , Subekti Nur 
Published: October 2023

Background and Study purpose. Holistic education becomes an important aspect to achieve target on education as proposed by sustainable development goals (SDGs). Many believe that education of the future should be comprehensive, aspirational and inclusive, that is holistic education. Physical education is part of school subjects that can be used to realized the educational goal of holistic learning. Through mindful planning and understanding of conceptual framework, physical activity and sports in physical education can be a powerful tool to improve the development of the whole child that includes cognitive, socio-emotional, and physical aspect. To date, there are few systematic reviews that discuss holism in the context of education, and almost none of them specifically discuss holistic education in the physical education setting.
Materials and methods. This paper systematically reports previous empirical studies about the strategies used to implement holistic education in physical education class. There are 15 papers selected in this study following the Preffered Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Results. As the result, this study proposes a conceptual framework for designing a teaching strategy in PE to promote whole child development. The framework encompasses the learning dimension of body, mind and spirit. All the aspects are discussed below.
Conclusions. Based on the results and discussion obtained from the 15 reviewed papers, we proposed a conceptual framework to design an approach to implement holistic education in physical education.
The Role of Social Networks to Counteract Stigmatization Toward Gay and Bisexual Men Regarding Monkeypox
Authors: Rios Oriol , Gairal-Casado Regina , Villarejo-Carballido Beatriz , Burgues-de Freitas Ana 
Published: October 2023

Research on the effects of social media has evidenced their influence on public opinion concerning health issues. However, there are scarce analyses that pay attention to this influence when health advice generalizes certain groups’ sexual practices. This generalization occurred with monkeypox, men who have sex with men, after two World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommendations launched in 2022. Therefore, this is the issue that will be deeply explored in the article. Drawing on the methodological strategy of social media analytics (SMA), 2313 tweets have been reviewed focused on people’s reactions in front of WHO’s statements of July 2022 about monkeypox and men who have sex with men behaviours. Findings illustrate that there is positioning against the generalizations caused due to WHO’s statement creating a public discourse against the stigma of homosexual and bisexual men. This positioning is directly linked with people’s claims to follow the evidence and valid claims on public health issues. Using social networks for claiming the use of rigorous data and evidence may contribute to a significant change in public opinion and health organizations.
IMPACTS OF CYBER CRIME ON INTERNET BANKING: A STUDY
Authors: Ashish Sharma  
Published: October 2023

Internet banking, often called e-banking, is a service that make use of information and communication technology. Due to flexibility and convenience internet banking is growing more and more popular. Computer criminals attempts to obtain unauthorized access to the data of various sectors including financial and commercial sectors in order to engage in criminal activity. As a consequence, while using Internet banking and related services, users are always concerned for their security. Here security doesn’t mean physical security of the person rather it means security of financial information.
The goal of this study is to determine which sectors are most vulnerable to cyber-attacks and to assure the development and modification of cyber security protocol.