bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cybersecurity in modern cars: awareness and readiness of auto workshops
Authors: Hedberg David , Lundgren Martin , Nohlberg Marcus 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore auto mechanics awareness of repairs and maintenance related to the car’s cybersecurity and provide insights into challenges based on current practice.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on an empirical study consisting of semistructured interviews with representatives from both branded and independent auto workshops. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. A version of the capability maturity model was introduced to the respondents as a self-evaluation of their cybersecurity awareness.

Findings
Cybersecurity was not found to be part of the current auto workshop work culture, and that there is a gap between independent workshops and branded workshops. Specifically, in how they function, approach problems and the tools and support available to them to resolve (particularly regarding previously unknown) issues.

Research limitations/implications
Only auto workshop managers in Sweden were interviewed for this study. This role was picked because it is the most likely to have come in contact with cybersecurity-related issues. They may also have discussed the topic with mechanics, manufacturers or other auto workshops – thus providing a broader view of potential issues or challenges.

Practical implications
The challenges identified in this study offers actionable advice to car manufacturers, branded workshops and independent workshops. The goal is to further cooperation, improve knowledge sharing and avoid unnecessary safety or security issues.

Originality/value
As cars become smarter, they also become potential targets for cyberattacks, which in turn poses potential threats to human safety. However, research on auto workshops, which has previously ensured that cars are road safe, has received little research attention with regards to the role cybersecurity can play in repairs and maintenance. Insights from auto workshops can therefore shed light upon the unique challenges and issues tied to the cybersecurity of cars, and how they are kept up-to-date and road safe in the digital era.
Key audit matters and auditing quality in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: the case of Jordan
Authors: Alharasis Esraa Esam , Alkhwaldi Abeer F. , Hussainey Khaled 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on the relationship between key audit matter (KAM) and auditing quality.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the ordinary least squares regression on data from 942 firm-year observations of Jordanian non-financial institutions across the period (2017–2022) to test the hypotheses. The authors use content analysis method to measure levels of KAM disclosure.

Findings
The investigation’s findings highlight the importance of KAM disclosure in achieving audit quality in line with international standard on auditing no. 701 (ISA-701) requirements. COVID-19 is also found to have a positive relationship with audit quality, further confirming the crisis’s devastating impact on audit complexity and risks and providing evidence for the need for supplementary, high-quality audit services. Due to the correlation between KAM disclosure and increased auditor workload and responsibility, the analysis reveals that the COVID-19 factor strengthens the link between KAM disclosure and audit quality.

Practical implications
This study has the potential to be used as a basis for the creation of a new regulation or standard regarding the reporting of unfavourable events in financial filings. This study’s findings provide standard-setters, regulators and policymakers with current empirical data on the effects of implementing ISA-701’s mandate for external auditors to provide more information on KAM. The COVID-19 crisis offers a suitable setting in which to examine the value of precautionary disclosures in times of economic uncertainty, as well as the significance of confidence interval disclosures and the role of external auditing in calming investor fears. This analysis is helpful for stakeholders, regulatory agencies, standard-setters and readers of audit reports who are curious about the current state of KAM disclosures and the implementation of ISA-701. The results may have ramifications for academia in the form of a call for more evidence expanding this data to other burgeoning fields to have a clear explanation of the real impact of reporting KAM on audit practices.

Originality/value
To the authors’ awareness, this research is one of the few empirical studies on the effect of the COVID-19 crisis on auditing procedures, and more specifically, the effect of disclosures on KAM by external auditors on audit quality. This study’s findings represent preliminary scientific evidence linking the pandemic to business performance. Minimal research has been done on how auditors in developing nations react to pandemic investor protection and how auditors’ enlarged reporting responsibilities affect them. The vast majority of auditing studies have been conducted in a highly regulated system, so this research contributes by examining audit behaviour in a weak legal context.
Money education in the business family: a perspective article
Authors: Michiels Anneleen , Binz Astrachan Claudia 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe primary aim is to renew academic discourse on financial education in business families. It emphasizes the need for effective financial literacy programs to foster a healthier relationship with money, addressing both technical aspects of finance and its psychological and relational impacts among family members.Design/methodology/approachThis perspective article explores the impact of money education within business families. It discusses the psychological effects of money education on family dynamics and decision-making in family businesses. The research draws on previous studies, surveys and practical examples to highlight the importance of financial education and its implications on family and business sustainability.FindingsFinancial education is essential in business families as it enables more meaningful discussions on money and wealth, fostering informed decisions and decreasing conflict. Yet, it is often overlooked. There is a need for academic research into effective strategies for financial education for family members and the effects of financial literacy, or its absence, on various aspects of the business and the family system. The article presents a selection of pertinent questions for future research in this domain.Originality/valueThis article contributes to the family business field by underscoring the gap in scholarly research on money education within family businesses. It advocates for comprehensive financial education strategies that balance technical knowledge with an understanding of the psychological and relational aspects of money.
Human resource development practices and employee engagement: the mediating role of organizational commitment
Authors: Otoo Frank Nana Kweku , Rather Nissar Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

PurposeHighly committed, motivated and engaged employees assure organizational success and competitiveness. The study aims to examine the association between human resource development (HRD) practices and employee engagement with organizational commitment as a mediating variable.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 760 employees of 13 star-rated hotels comprising 5 (five-star) and 8 (four-star). The data supported the hypothesized relationships. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the proposed model and hypotheses. Construct validity and reliability were established through confirmatory factor analysis.FindingsThe results indicate that HRD practices and affective commitment are significantly associated. HRD practices and continuance commitment were shown to be non-significantly associated. HRD practices and normative commitment were shown to be non-significantly associated. Employee engagement and organizational commitment are significantly associated. The results further show that organizational commitment mediates the association between HRD practices and employee engagement.Research limitations/implicationsThe generalizability of the findings will be constrained due to the research's hotel industry focus and cross sectional data.Practical implicationsThe study's findings will serve as valuable pointers for stakeholders and policymakers of the hotel industry in the adoption, design and implementation of proactive HRD interventions to keep highly engaged and committed employees for organizational competitiveness and sustainability.Originality/valueBy evidencing empirically that organizational commitment mediates the nexus between HRD practices and employee engagement, the study extends the literature.
Assessment of hair loss and skin changes during treatment in Asian breast cancer patients: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Shim Joonho , Noh Hyungrye , Kim Heeyeon , Joo Byeonghyun , Lee Jongeun , Oh Se Jin , Lee Jong Hee , Lee Dongyoun , Lee Se Kyung , Park Jihye 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the increasing number of young breast cancer (BC) patients worldwide, concerns about hair loss and skin change persist among BC survivors. This study aimed to evaluate the hair loss and skin changes in Asian BC patients and to compare them according to the treatment regimens. This study enrolled 322 patients scheduled to undergo BC surgery. Hair loss and skin changes were assessed at the following two time points: one day before surgery and 6 months after surgery. Patients who had received systemic anticancer treatment before surgery were assigned to the neoadjuvant treatment group, while patients who were scheduled to receive systemic anticancer treatment were assigned to the adjuvant treatment group. In the adjuvant treatment group, patients with taxane‐based chemotherapy had significantly higher odds of increased hair loss, a higher melanin index, and an increased volume of wrinkles (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0110, and p = 0.0371, respectively). In the neoadjuvant treatment group, hair loss was reversed in most patients at 6 months after surgery. Clinicians should inform BC patients about the potential for hair loss and skin changes and provide supportive care to mitigate the effects on the patients’ quality of life.
Ofatumumab subcutaneous injection successfully treated patients with pemphigus vulgaris relapse post rituximab
Authors: Zhang Xiwen , Xiao Yue , Li Xiaohong , Wang Jinqiu , Zhou Xingli , Wang Yiyi , Zhou Yuxi , Wang Mi , Li Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) still needs optimization because of the multiple deficiencies of glucocorticoid and rituximab. Ofatumumab, another CD20 monoclonal antibody administrated subcutaneously, provides a possible alternative option. In this study, three patients experienced PV relapse after clinical remission induced by rituximab. With written informed consent, they received an ofatumumab (20 mg) subcutaneous injection twice (2 weeks apart) in combination with a prednisone dose adjusted according to their weight and disease severity. Over the 24‐week observation, two of three patients achieved lesion clear‐up under prednisone (0.2 mg/kg per day), and the other patient's pemphigus disease area index dropped from 39 to 3 with prednisone (15 mg/day). The anti‐desmoglein antibody levels and CD19+B cell counts declined compared to those at baseline. No severe adverse events were observed within the 24‐week follow‐up. In summary, we propose a protocol of ofatumumab for patients with refractory PV and report positive treatment outcomes of three patients who received this regimen.
Forensic odontology in disaster victim identification
Authors: Miller Raymond G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper reviews MFI's from a historical perspective commencing with DVI in the late 20th century. For this paper, this era, 1970–90s is designated as the early modern period. As DVI by DNA analysis is introduced into the process, in the beginning of the mid‐1990s, or late modern period, a shift in ID modality usage is noted. A statistical analysis of the primary identification (ID) methods established that dental identification was the majority identifier, or gold standard, in the early modern era. Although primarily viewed from a United States (US) perspective, referenced international incidents parallel the incidents investigated by US authorities. The introduction of DNA demarcated the early from the late modern era. Through research, development, and application this highly discriminating ID method would effectively, surpass dental ID as the gold standard into the late modern era. DNA ID would eventually overcome early criticism regarding cost and time consumption. In the MFI's discussed, the discriminating accuracy of DNA, when referenced against the dental identifications, validated the reliability of dental ID. Errors will be significantly minimized through confirmatory reconciliation by more than one ID method. In conclusion despite increased usage of DNA, dental ID has not been eliminated and remains a major contributor to DVI. Dental ID continues to develop through increased application of advanced imaging technology. Despite DNA's rapid advancement and application to DVI, the multidisciplinary approach to scientific identification should remain in the near future. Therefore, comparative dental ID will remain an important and reliable contributor to DVI.
OPG‐based dental age estimation using a data‐technical exploration of deep learning techniques
Authors: Büyükçakır Barkın , Bertels Jeroen , Claes Peter , Vandermeulen Dirk , de Tobel Jannick , Thevissen Patrick W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDental age estimation, a cornerstone in forensic age assessment, has been extensively tried and tested, yet manual methods are impeded by tedium and interobserver variability. Automated approaches using deep transfer learning encounter challenges like data scarcity, suboptimal training, and fine‐tuning complexities, necessitating robust training methods. This study explores the impact of convolutional neural network hyperparameters, model complexity, training batch size, and sample quantity on age estimation. EfficientNet‐B4, DenseNet‐201, and MobileNet V3 models underwent cross‐validation on a dataset of 3896 orthopantomograms (OPGs) with batch sizes escalating from 10 to 160 in a doubling progression, as well as random subsets of this training dataset. Results demonstrate the EfficientNet‐B4 model, trained on the complete dataset with a batch size of 160, as the top performer with a mean absolute error of 0.562 years on the test set, notably surpassing the MAE of 1.01 at a batch size of 10. Increasing batch size consistently improved performance for EfficientNet‐B4 and DenseNet‐201, whereas MobileNet V3 performance peaked at batch size 40. Similar trends emerged in training with reduced sample sizes, though they were outperformed by the complete models. This underscores the critical role of hyperparameter optimization in adopting deep learning for age estimation from complete OPGs. The findings not only highlight the nuanced interplay of hyperparameters and performance but also underscore the potential for accurate age estimation models through optimization. This study contributes to advancing the application of deep learning in forensic age estimation, emphasizing the significance of tailored training methodologies for optimal outcomes.
A retrospective observational study assessing mortality after pelvic trauma embolisation
Authors: Clements Warren , Dunne Talulla , Clare Steven , Lukies Matthew , Fitzgerald Mark , Mathew Joseph , Kavnoudias Helen , Zia Adil , Ban Ee Jun , Skelley Annabelle , Koukounaras Jim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionTrauma to the pelvic ring and associated haemorrhage represent a management challenge for the multidisciplinary trauma team. In up to 10% of patients, bleeding can be the result of an arterial injury and mortality is reported as high as 89% in this cohort. We aimed to assess the mortality rate after pelvic trauma embolisation and whether earlier embolisation improved mortality.MethodsRetrospective study at single tertiary trauma and referral centre, between 1 January 2009 and 30 June 2022. All adult patients who received embolisation following pelvic trauma were included. Patients were excluded if angiography was performed but no embolisation performed.ResultsDuring the 13.5‐year time period, 175 patients underwent angiography and 28 were excluded, leaving 147 patients in the study. The all‐cause mortality rate at 30‐days was 11.6% (17 patients). The median time from injury to embolisation was 6.3 h (range 2.8–418.4). On regression analysis, time from injury to embolisation was not associated with mortality (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.952–1.061). Increasing age (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.084–1.333) and increasing injury severity score (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.049–1.247) were positively associated with all‐cause 30‐day mortality, while non‐selective embolisation (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.013–0.893) was negatively associated.ConclusionThe all‐cause mortality rate at 30‐days in or cohort was very low. In addition, earlier time from injury to embolisation was not positively associated with all‐cause 30‐day mortality. Nevertheless, minimising this remains a fundamental principle of the management of bleeding in pelvic trauma.
Perceptions of social credit systems in Southeast Asia: An external technology acceptance model
Authors: Rabe Wiebke , Kostka Genia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDigital data have become a valuable resource for autocratic governments seeking to influence societal behaviours. The rise of social credit systems in China has garnered a great deal of attention, with some even referring to them as ‘Orwellian’ surveillance systems. This study expands on previous research that has found surprisingly high levels of acceptance of social credit systems in China to the Southeast Asian region. Through an online opinion survey conducted in Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, we discovered that citizens in these countries exhibit higher acceptance rates of social credit systems than opposition rates, although lower than those observed in China. Moreover, we find that acceptance rates would decline significantly if the technologies supporting these systems originated from China. By introducing an external technology acceptance model, we provide an explanation for these findings based on citizens' attitudes towards their domestic situation and their perceptions of China's potential benefits to their countries. Interestingly, most of the ‘China Threat’ perceptions do not translate into opposition against Chinese social credit system technologies, except for military risks. Instead, citizens' negative views are primarily influenced by specific technology‐related risks. These findings contribute to the existing literature on the acceptance of government‐run social credit systems and public perception in the context of international relations.
Prognostic implications of neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio in patients with extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer receiving chemoimmunotherapy: A multicenter, real‐world study
Authors: Bi Huanhuan , Ren Dunqiang , Xiao Yuting , Zhou Yinxue , Yi Bingqian , Han Weizhong , Shao Yanmei , Wang Jingluan , Zhang Chunling , Wang Hongmei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are closely related to the prognosis of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer, but their effect on extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC) remains uncertain.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted in ES‐SCLC patients treated with first‐line atezolizumab or durvalumab and platinum‐etoposide. Clinical data from three hospitals were analyzed. Significant risk factors for survival were identified using descriptive statistics and Cox regression. Homogeneity was assessed using t‐tests or nonparametric tests. Kaplan‐Meier analysis revealed an association between high NLR level and median PFS and OS.ResultsA total of 300 ES‐SCLC patients were included in the study. Cox regression analysis revealed that an elevated NLR level after the second treatment cycle (defined as NLRT2) was an independent prognostic factor for survival. Stratifying patients based on median NLRT2 showed significant differences in both PFS (HR: 1.863, 95% CI: 1.62–2.12, p < 0.001) and OS (HR: 2.581, 95% CI: 2.19–3.04, p < 0.001) between NLR ≥ 1.75 and NLR < 1.75 groups. mPFS and mOS were 8.2 versus 6.1 months and 13.7 versus 9.5 months, respectively. NLR was also associated with treatment efficacy and occurrence of irAEs. Further stratification based on NLR and irAEs showed that in the NLR < 1.75 group, patients with irAEs had prolonged mPFS and mOS. In the NLR ≥ 1.75 group, only mPFS showed a significant difference between patients with and without irAEs.ConclusionNLRT2 and irAEs can predict the prognosis of ES‐SCLC patients with first‐line ES‐SCLC receiving PD‐L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy.
Compromised end‐of‐life syndrome in cancer patients: A clinical validation study
Authors: Almeida Antônia Rios , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , de Oliveira Lopes Marcos Venicios , Gomes do Carmo Thalita , da Silva Daniel Espirito Santo , Medeiros do Amaral Dayana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo identify the prevalence of the nursing diagnosis of compromised end‐of‐life syndrome in patients in end‐of‐life care.MethodsThis is a clinical validation based on a cross‐sectional epidemiological clinical study conducted at the National Cancer Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The defining characteristics of a syndrome diagnosis were identified, defined as a “subset of nursing diagnoses,” using sensitivity and specificity measures through the application of latent class statistical methods.FindingsThe statistical results revealed seven nursing diagnoses characterizing the syndrome: imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements, nausea, anxiety, ineffective breathing pattern, disturbed sleep pattern, ineffective thermoregulation, and fatigue. Compromised end‐of‐life syndrome was present in 76% of the sample.ConclusionThe study demonstrated the presence of compromised end‐of‐life syndrome in most end‐of‐life patients from the sample.Implications for nursing practiceRecognizing the presence of the syndrome diagnosis enables nurses to have efficient and effective clinical reasoning for implementing the nursing process in palliative care. CAAE Number: 85415618.0.3001.5274.