bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparate permafrost terrain changes after a large flood observed from space
Authors: Zwieback Simon , McClernan Mark , Kanevskiy Mikhail , Jorgenson Mark T. , Walker Donald A. , Chang Qianyu , Bergstedt Helena , Toniolo Horacio , Romanovsky Vladimir E. , Meyer Franz J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe 2015 spring flood of the Sagavanirktok River inundated large swaths of tundra as well as infrastructure near Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. Its lasting impact on permafrost, vegetation, and hydrology is unknown but compels attention in light of changing Arctic flood regimes. We combined InSAR and optical satellite observations to quantify subdecadal permafrost terrain changes and identify their controls. While the flood locally induced quasi‐instantaneous ice‐wedge melt, much larger areas were characterized by subtle, spatially variable post‐flood changes. Surface deformation from 2015 to 2019 estimated from ALOS‐2 and Sentinel‐1 InSAR varied substantially within and across terrain units, with greater subsidence on average in flooded locations. Subsidence exceeding 5 cm was locally observed in inundated ice‐rich units and also in inactive floodplains. Overall, subsidence increased with deposit age and thus ground ice content, but many flooded ice‐rich units remained stable, indicating variable drivers of deformation. On average, subsiding ice‐rich locations showed increases in observed greenness and wetness. Conversely, many ice‐poor floodplains greened without deforming. Ice wedge degradation in flooded locations with elevated subsidence was mostly of limited intensity, and the observed subsidence largely stopped within 2 years. Based on remote sensing and limited field observations, we propose that the disparate subdecadal changes were influenced by spatially variable drivers (e.g., sediment deposition, organic layer), controls (ground ice and its degree of protection), and feedback processes. Remote sensing helps quantify the heterogeneous interactions between permafrost, vegetation, and hydrology across permafrost‐affected fluvial landscapes. Interdisciplinary monitoring is needed to improve predictions of landscape dynamics and to constrain sediment, nutrient, and carbon budgets.
Resveratrol prevents Drp1‐mediated mitochondrial fission in the diabetic kidney through the PDE4D/PKA pathway
Authors: Zhu Xia , Deng Zongli , Cao Yanjuan , Zhou Zihui , Sun Wen , Liu Chang , Fan Siwen , Yin Xiao‐Xing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo explore the role of PDE4D in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and investigate whether resveratrol protects against DN via inhibiting PDE4D. Diabetic db/db mouse and glomerular mesangial cell line (GMCs) were used to investigate the role of PDE4D and the protective effect of resveratrol on renal fibrosis under high glucose (HG) environment. Resveratrol alleviated the progress of DN via inhibiting mitochondrial fragmentation and restoring the expression of PDE4D, PKA, phosphorylated Drp1‐Ser637 and Drp1 in kidney of db/db mice. In HG‐exposed GMCs, resveratrol treatment decreased the expression of PDE4D, increased PKA level, and inhibited Drp1‐mediated mitochondrial fission. In contrast, PDE4D over‐expression blunted the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on Drp1 expression and mitochondrial fission. Moreover, PKA inhibitor H89 blunted the effects of resveratrol on phosphorylated Drp1‐Ser637 expression and mitochondrial fission in HG‐treated GMCs. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission with Drp1 inhibitor Mdivi‐1 alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction in GMCs under HG. These findings indicate PDE4D plays an important role in the process of DN. Resveratrol attenuates the development of DN by preventing mitochondrial fission through inhibiting PDE4D, which regulates the expression of phosphorylated Drp1‐Ser637 directly.
Assessing proxies of knowledge and difficulty with rubric‐based instruments
Authors: Smith Ben O. , Wooten Jadrian J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe fields of psychometrics, economic education, and education have developed statistically‐valid methods of assessing knowledge and learning. These methods include item response theory, value‐added learning models, and disaggregated learning. These methods, however, focus on multiple‐choice or single response assessments. Faculty and administrators routinely assess knowledge through papers, thesis presentations, or other demonstrations of knowledge assessed with rubric rows. This paper presents a statistical approach to estimating a proxy for student ability and rubric row difficulty. Moreover, we have developed software so that practitioners can more easily apply this method to their instruments. This approach can be used in researching education treatment effects, practitioners measuring learning outcomes in their own classrooms, or estimating knowledge for administrative assessment. As an example, we have applied these new methods to projects in a large Labor Economics course at a public university.
A methodology for occupational exposure assessment of organic pollutants emitted through aerosols from recycling of e‐waste
Authors: Lasithiotakis Michael , Psanis Christodoulos , Triantafyllou Eleni , Sinioros Panagiotis 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEmission of airborne particulate matter is produced by the industrial processes of metal extraction from electronic waste (e‐waste). These aerosols can transport organic contaminants, such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polybrominated biphenyls. These pollutants are proven to have long‐term effects on workers' health. In this work, we characterize aerosol particles and dust deposited from a recycling process of printed circuit boards in a recycling plant. This study also explores the significance of the secondary aerosol sources, and their importance, as an additional burden compared to primary sources. A Scanning Mobility Particles Counter and Sizer (SMPCS) was used to measure the size distributions of ultrafine particles. A Micro‐Orifice Uniform Deposition Impactor (MOUDI) collected aerosol particle samples for chemical analysis. All plant compartments checked are subject to high particulate matter concentrations during work hours. Concentrations of organic pollutants in the machinery compartments do not pose a short or long‐term health risk according to US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OHSA). The application of the model presented in this work revealed that the accumulation of contaminants in other compartments should be considered in an occupational exposure assessment because it can present an equally important burden to workers’ health.
Outcome and etiology of fetal pleural effusion, fetal ascites and hydrops fetalis after fetal intervention: retrospective observational cohort from a single institution
Authors: Wu W.‐J. , Ma G.‐C. , Chang T.‐Y. , Lee M.‐H. , Lin W.‐H. , Chen M. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesNon‐immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is the pathological accumulation of fluids in fetal compartments, without maternal isoimmunization. Fetal interventions (e.g. shunting, fetal paracentesis, fetal thoracocentesis, fetal pleurodesis) are used to alleviate fluid accumulations, but the outcome is uncertain because the underlying causes of NIHF vary. We aimed to explore the etiology and long‐term outcome of NIHF after fetal intervention.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of fetuses with NIHF, defined by the presence of fetal ascites, pleural or pericardial effusion, skin edema or cystic hygroma, or a combination of these features, who underwent intervention at our institution during the period 2012–2021. Clinical surveillance, genetic analysis and viral infection screening were used to define the etiology. Chart reviews and telephone interviews were conducted to assess the long‐term outcomes.ResultsIn total, 55 fetuses were enrolled and 46 cases had final follow‐up data after delivery. Etiology was identified in 33 cases, including four for which the underlying causes were not identified initially using small‐gene‐panel tests but which were later diagnosed with monogenic disorders by whole‐exome sequencing (WES). Twenty‐three cases with follow‐up survived, having a follow‐up period of 2–11 years at the time of writing, of which 17 were healthy. All 11 cases initially presenting as congenital chylothorax survived with favorable outcome.ConclusionsThe etiologies of NIHF are heterogeneous, and the long‐term (spanning 2–11 years) outcome of fetal intervention varies, according to the underlying etiology, with cases caused by congenital chylothorax having the best prognosis. Genome‐wide tests, such as WES, may be helpful in determining the underlying condition in cases caused by a genetic disorder, and this may affect fetal therapy approaches in the future. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Introduction to the World 50.0 Movement
Authors: Landesz Tamás , Varghese Sangeeth , Sargsyan Karine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis book delves into the future of the world in 2050, covering various sectors such as healthcare, energy, transportation, communication, entertainment, and climate change from the perspectives of global leaders and visionaries from diverse backgrounds. It draws on open crowdsourced research and incorporates insights from the Covid-19 pandemic, appealing to not only businesses and governments but also the general public. The book includes 19 chapters, with 17 addressing the future of specific sectors and the last discussing the World 50.0 movement and how to participate. The topics of Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, and singularity are integrated throughout the book, considering the potential benefits and risks of new technologies. The authors acknowledge that predicting the future is impossible for any single expert but propose that practical conclusions can be drawn by correlating opinions from various experts (noting that contributions from interviewees reflect their own views). The book seeks to engage and inspire a diverse audience and is designed to be accessible across generations.
Future of Homes
Authors: Sargsyan Karine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBy 2050, technology will turn homes into collectors, and electricity from nonfossil power sources will likely heat our homes and water. Electric vehicles will be widely available, and each habitat will have a charging station. At the end of the twenty-first century, many smart devices will actively enter our homes and everyday lives. Robotic vacuums, multifunctional electric stoves, multimedia televisions, programmable refrigerators, and computers—a variety of devices are already in our homes, which was unthinkable 30 years ago. Walls, floors, and ceilings will change depending on the residents’ moods. Kitchen 3D printers with commercial cartridges of edible pastes and powders will be a standard built-in option in kitchen appliances. The robot au pair can do many monotonous tasks, from washing up to cutting salads. The living room will become a digital portal for communication. The bedrooms will be a resting place with a programmable sleep module. High technology gives architects and designers new possibilities and groundbreaking ideas for creativity. How our apartments look in the future will strongly depend on how we can use the new and advanced technology.
Future of Communication and Interaction
Authors: Sargsyan Karine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effects of digitization can now be seen in almost all life areas—from avatars to mixed reality. Communication will continue to change in the future. Telephones, smartphones, and the Internet are changing human interaction. With chatbots and artificial intelligence, modern ways of establishing contact are possible. One thing is for sure, 20 years from now, using a cell phone to chat with friends will be as outdated as using a landline phone today. By then, mixed reality technology will allow people to see virtual copies of their friends in the real world and see the world through friends’ eyes and help them accomplish real-world tasks.Today’s VR and AR systems show only a fraction of what is possible with mixed reality. MR systems can share many communication signals and allow people to communicate in ways that have never been possible.
Asynchronous Narrative Audio-Messages: An Internet-Based Qualitative Method for Data Collection in International Research
Authors: Kleinlein Eva 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe postdigital era is witness to significant changes in (digital) communication. The opportunities this brings for research, however, have not yet been extensively explored. This chapter elaborates on current international developments around digitalization and examines the need for corresponding research methods in the social sciences. Following an overview of internet-based data collection methods, Kleinlein introduces the new method of Asynchronous Narrative Audio-Messages (ANAs), which facilitates comprehensive qualitative research in the postdigital era. A critical reflection on the facilitating and constraining effects of the method illustrates its potential areas of use. Finally, the practical implementation of the method is illustrated by an ongoing international research project that focuses on inclusive schooling practices of teachers from a transcultural perspective.
Participation as a Key Principle of Education for Sustainable Development in the Postdigital Era
Authors: Grünberger Nina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores the significance of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and media education for active participation and co-creation within postdigital structures. While democracy, co-determination, and active design were the hopes of the early Internet, these are only rarely compatible with the actual structures of postdigitality. Our ubiquitous digital environment and corresponding media structures are powerfully shaped by the monopolistic providers of a digital capitalism, especially in the education sector, and students are rarely introduced to alternatives. Yet a guiding didactic principle of ESD and media education is not to provide clear-cut answers but to enter into an exploratory and a co-creative process in the postdigital era. By jointly exploring and critically considering the implications of digital technologies for sustainable development, actors can better understand the madeness and feasibility of postdigitality and their role in it.
Learning Academic Practices: Enabling Students to Participate in a Postdigital Society
Authors: Grüntjens Jennifer , Altenrath Maike , Schaper Sabrina , Hofhues Sandra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBy understanding participation as a critical and reflexive mindset and attitude, the authors assume that learning about and undergoing research practices supports students’ participation in a postdigital society. Focusing on teaching and learning in higher education, the chapter draws attention to the conceptional work of research-based learning and shows how research practices such as networking, reflecting, researching and organizing introduce students not only to academic research but also, to a greater extent, foster their abilities to participate in a postdigital society.
Product Design
Authors: Ivanov Vitalii , Pavlenko Ivan , Evtuhov Artem , Trojanowska Justyna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProduct design refers to creating and developing new products or improving existing ones to meet specific objectives and user needs. Product design addresses various aspects such as aesthetics, functionality, usability, ergonomics, materials, manufacturing processes, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. Design engineers work on translating ideas and concepts into tangible products by considering factors like market research, user feedback, technical feasibility, and business objectives.
Optimization of FDM manufacturing parameters for the compressive behavior of cubic lattice cores: an experimental approach by Taguchi method
Authors: Rahman Md Mazedur , Sultana Jakiya , Rayhan Saiaf Bin , Ahmed Ammar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLattice structures are regularly employed in different industries ranging from biomedical to automobile and aircraft due to their excellent mechanical properties, outstanding load carrying and energy absorption capabilities, and better strength-to-weight ratio compared to traditional structures. On the other hand, fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a cost-effective method of additive manufacturing (AM) vastly used for plastic materials which are biocompatible, biodegradable, and environment-friendly in nature. The main aim of this study is to investigate the effect of FDM printing parameters, namely, layer height, nozzle temperatures, printing speeds, and bed temperatures, on a simple cubic lattice structure printed from PLA filament. The design of the experiment is conducted through L16 orthogonal array. After conducting compression tests, four significant outcomes, namely, modulus of elasticity, compressive strength, fracture strain, and modulus of toughness, are calculated from the stress–strain curves. Furthermore, an ANOVA (analysis of variance) test is carried out to find out the influence of each parameter. The analysis revealed that layer height is the most crucial parameter for modulus of elasticity and compressive strength. Secondly, the study also demonstrates the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) analysis of each parameter and suggests the best manufacturing parameters, such as the layer height, printing temperature, printing speed, and bed temperature as 0.1 mm, 210 °C, 30 mm/s, and 60 °C, respectively, for the highest compressive strength. An SEM (scanning electron microscopy) analysis is carried out to examine the defects of the optimized lattice structure and found that the optimized structure has fewer defects in comparison to the non-optimized lattice core. Finally, based on these optimized parameters, a bone scaffold model is proposed for future biomedical applications.
Graphical abstract
Hypersensitivity to metals in metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty: a prospective study of one hundred and thirty five lymphocyte transformation tests
Authors: Gaillard-Campbell Dani M. , Gross Thomas P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Metal allergy remains a controversial topic in the orthopaedic community. It is not known if or to what degree metal sensitivity contributes to inflammatory soft tissue failures, unexplained residual pain, or clinical complications after total joint replacement with metal prostheses.

Methods
We investigated the efficacy of the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) in predicting adverse outcomes in patients after receiving a metal joint replacement. Our study cohort consists of 135 metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty cases performed between 2013 and 2015. All study patients had an LTT preoperatively. We retrospectively analyzed clinical outcomes and failures for our cohort.

Results
There was no difference in LTT reactivity between men and women. Of the 135 patients tested, 46 (34.1% of cohort) tested positive to at least one of the materials comprising their implant, and 78 patients (57.8%) had at least one reactive score to any component of the LTT. After a minimum follow-up of two years, we did not observe an allergic response to the implant in any patients. There were no failures requiring revision. We observed a 2.2% rate of moderate residual pain; no patients with residual pain tested positive for metal sensitivity. When patients with moderate-high LTT reactivity (30.4% of cohort) were compared to the remainder of the study group, there was no difference in HHS or UCLA activity score. There was no correlation between blood metal ion levels and LTT reactivity.

Conclusion
We were unable to prove any predictive value of the LTT. We failed to identify hypersensitivity to metals in patients with metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty.
Proof of a Conjecture of Batyrev and Juny on Gorenstein Polytopes
Authors: Nill Benjamin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA d-dimensional lattice polytope P is Gorenstein if it has a multiple rP that is a reflexive polytope up to translation by a lattice vector. The difference $$d+1-r$$

d
+
1
-
r

is called the degree of P. We show that a Gorenstein polytope is a lattice pyramid if its dimension is at least three times its degree. This was previously conjectured by Batyrev and Juny. We also present a refined conjecture and prove it for IDP Gorenstein polytopes.
Solution to the n-bubble problem on $$\mathbb {R}^1$$ with log-concave density
Authors: Ross John 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study then-bubble problem on$$\mathbb {R}^1$$R1with a prescribed density functionfthat is even, radially increasing, and satisfies a log-concavity requirement. Under these conditions, we find that isoperimetric solutions can be identified for an arbitrary number of regions, and that these solutions have a well-understood and regular structure. This generalizes recent work done on the density function$$|x |^p$$|x|pand stands in contrast to log-convex density functions which are known to have no such regular structure.
Establishing resilience in times of climate change—a perspective on humans and buildings
Authors: Pallubinsky H. , Kramer R. P. , van Marken Lichtenbelt W. D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith a contribution of 40% to the annual global CO2-emissions, the built environment needs to drastically reduce its impact, while also providing pleasant and healthy indoor spaces and protecting people from weather extremes. Over time, particularly in western and industrialized countries, buildings have evolved to shield occupants almost completely from outdoor conditions. As a consequence, humans have become so used to a constant, comfortable indoor environment that we struggle to cope with thermal fluctuations. The time has come to shift perspective, as the very protective character of buildings and provision of omnipresent comfort are neither feasible nor desirable any longer. An enormous amount of energy and resources are spent to provide tightly controlled thermal environments, often with the same target temperature all year round. However, being mostly exposed to constant, comfortable indoor temperatures can have negative impacts on health and deteriorate our human capability to deal with thermal challenges. Importantly, spending time outside the thermal comfort zone is known to enhance human thermoregulatory capacities and thermal resilience, while also improving metabolic and cardiovascular health. This perspective essay aims to draw attention to novel and yet underrepresented avenues of coping with climate challenges, both with respect to the built environment and humans. Allowing more thermal variation indoors will save precious resources, decrease the negative impact of building CO2-footprints, and stimulate physiological and psychological adaptation in humans, which can lead to improved resilience and health.