bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Participation in a Postdigital–Biodigital Age
Authors: Jandrić Petar , Hayes Sarah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces the concept of social participation and analyzes its recent transformations in a postdigital–biodigital reality. It explores the main sources of biodigital (in)equality and links them to the nature of biodigital communication. Drawing firstly on the work of Kate O’Riordan, the chapter argues that traditional communication based on an exchange of information is significantly different from emerging forms of biodigital communication and identifies the regulation of biodigital communication as the key question of social participation in a postdigital–biodigital age. The discussion then addresses in detail the complex power relationships that emerge in this age, the varying levels of participation that different individuals enjoy, and associated political rationalities. The chapter then explores aspects of postdigital–biodigital policymaking using the case of education and drawing on Human Data Interaction (HDI) theory.
On the 6d origin of non-invertible symmetries in 4d
Authors: Bashmakov Vladimir , Del Zotto Michele , Hasan Azeem 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
It is well-known that six-dimensional superconformal field theories can be exploited to unravel interesting features of lower-dimensional theories obtained via compactifications. In this short note we discuss a new application of 6d (2,0) theories in constructing 4d theories with Kramers-Wannier-like non-invertible symmetries. Our methods allow to recover previously known results, as well as to exhibit infinitely many new examples of four dimensional theories with “M-ality” defects (arising from operations of order M generalizing dualities). In particular, we obtain examples of order M = pk, where p > 1 is a prime number and k is a positive integer.
Probing general U(1)′ models with non-universal lepton charges at FASER/FASER2, COHERENT and long-baseline oscillation experiments
Authors: Felkl Tobias , Li Tong , Liao Jiajun , Schmidt Michael A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The general anomaly-free U(1)′ models allow non-universal lepton charges. We explore the sensitivities of FASER/FASER2, COHERENT and DUNE/T2HK precision experiments to the new gauge boson Z′ and the new CP-even scalar ϕ. With non-universal lepton charges, distinctive reaches at FASER/FASER2 emerge in the regime of low $$ {m}_{Z^{\prime }} $$

m

Z
′

and small gauge coupling gBL for different U(1)′ charge setups. The COHERENT experiment and the future long-baseline experiments DUNE/T2HK also provide complementary probes to the available parameter space. For mϕ< 2$$ {m}_{Z^{\prime }} $$

m

Z
′

, the search for the scalar ϕ at FASER/FASER2 is sensitive to the mixing angle between the scalar singlet and the SM Higgs. In the case of mϕ> 2$$ {m}_{Z^{\prime }} $$

m

Z
′

, the kinematically allowed decay ϕ → Z′Z′ changes the lifetime and decay rates of the scalar ϕ. The sensitivity reach highly depends on the Z′ mass and the gauge coupling gBL.
Fixed lateral unicompartmental knee replacement is a reliable treatment for lateral compartment osteoarthritis after mobile‐bearing medial unicompartmental replacement
Authors: Lazzara Joseph T. , Arthur Lachlan W. , Jenkins Cathy , Dodd Christopher A. F. , Mellon Stephen J. , Murray David W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeLateral osteoarthritis following medial unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) is usually treated with total knee replacement, however, lateral UKR is a less invasive option that preserves a well‐functioning medial UKR. This study aimed to determine the 5‐year outcome of the cemented Fixed Lateral Oxford UKR (FLO) when used for the treatment of severe lateral disease after medial Oxford unicompartmental knee replacement.MethodsForty‐four knees with lateral bone‐on‐bone osteoarthritis (n = 43) and avascular necrosis (n = 1) treated with the FLO following medial Oxford UKR were followed up prospectively. The Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and Tegner Activity Score (TAS) were collected pre‐ and post‐operatively. Life‐table analysis was used to determine survival rates.ResultsThe mean patient age at the time of FLO surgery was 74.4 years with a mean time of 12.1 years between the primary medial UKR and the conversion to a bi‐UKR with a FLO. Mean follow‐up of the FLO was 3.5 years. After FLO no intra‐operative or medical complications, re‐admissions, or mortality occurred. There was one reoperation in which a bearing was exchanged for a medial bearing dislocation. There were no revisions of the FLO, so the FLO survival rate at 5 years was 100% (24 at risk). The mean pre‐operative OKS was 22, which significantly (p < 0.0001) improved to a mean of 42, 42, and 40 at 1, 2, and 5 years, respectively. The median TAS had a non‐significant improvement from 2.5 (Range 0–8) pre‐operatively to 2 (Range 1–6) at 5 years postoperatively.ConclusionThe FLO is a reliable treatment for lateral osteoarthritis following medial UKR. At 5 years there was a 100% survival of the FLO with a mean OKS of 40.Level of evidenceIV, Prospective Case Series.
The shifters of intrahousehold decision-making in European countries
Authors: Campaña Juan Carlos , Giménez-Nadal José Ignacio , Molina José Alberto , Velilla Jorge 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper studies spouses’ intrahousehold decision-making, using unique information from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions special module on Intrahousehold Sharing of Resources. We build an index to measure the bargaining power of the wife in household decision-making in European countries and analyze how that index correlates with household demographic characteristics. We find cross-country differences in the values of this index, although estimates show that, in general, older, relatively more educated and working spouses with higher wages, have more power in intrahousehold decision-making. Furthermore, country-level conditions correlate with spouses’ bargaining power in household decision-making. The paper provides a direct empirical exploration of intrahousehold decision-making in a cross-country setting.
Wilson lines and their Laurent positivity
Authors: Ishibashi Tsukasa , Oya Hironori 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor a marked surface $$\Sigma $$
Σ
and a semisimple algebraic group G of adjoint type, we study the Wilson line morphism $$g_{[c]}:{\mathcal {P} }_{G,\Sigma } \rightarrow G$$

g

[
c
]

:

P

G
,
Σ

→
G

associated with the homotopy class of an arc c connecting boundary intervals of $$\Sigma $$
Σ
, which is the comparison element of pinnings via parallel-transport. The matrix coefficients of the Wilson lines give a generating set of the function algebra $$\mathcal {O}({\mathcal {P} }_{G,\Sigma })$$

O
(

P

G
,
Σ

)

when $$\Sigma $$
Σ
has no punctures. The Wilson lines have the multiplicative nature with respect to the gluing morphisms introduced by Goncharov–Shen [18], hence can be decomposed into triangular pieces with respect to a given ideal triangulation of $$\Sigma $$
Σ
. We show that the matrix coefficients $$c_{f,v}^V(g_{[c]})$$

c

f
,
v

V

(

g

[
c
]

)

give Laurent polynomials with positive integral coefficients in the Goncharov–Shen coordinate system associated with any decorated triangulation of $$\Sigma $$
Σ
, for suitable f and v.
Computation of the von Neumann entropy of large matrices via trace estimators and rational Krylov methods
Authors: Benzi Michele , Rinelli Michele , Simunec Igor 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the problem of approximating the von Neumann entropy of a large, sparse, symmetric positive semidefinite matrix A, defined as $${{\,\textrm{tr}\,}}(f(A))$$

tr

(
f
(
A
)
)

where $$f(x)=-x\log x$$

f
(
x
)
=
-
x
log
x

. After establishing some useful properties of this matrix function, we consider the use of both polynomial and rational Krylov subspace algorithms within two types of approximations methods, namely, randomized trace estimators and probing techniques based on graph colorings. We develop error bounds and heuristics which are employed in the implementation of the algorithms. Numerical experiments on density matrices of different types of networks illustrate the performance of the methods.
Time to interval cholecystectomy and associated outcomes in a population aged 50 and above with mild gallstone pancreatitis
Authors: Blundell Jian D. , Gandy Robert C. , Close Jacqueline C. T. , Harvey Lara A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Cholecystectomy on index admission for mild gallstone pancreatitis (GSP) is recommended, although not always feasible. This study examined rates and outcomes of people aged ≥ 50 years who underwent interval (delayed) cholecystectomy at increasing time points.

Methods
Hospitalisation and death data were linked for individuals aged ≥ 50 years admitted to hospital in New South Wales, Australia with mild GSP between 2008–2018. Primary outcome was interval cholecystectomy timing. Secondary outcomes included mortality, emergency readmission for gallstone-related disease (GSRD) (28 and 180-day), and length of stay (LOS) (index admission and total six-month GSRD).

Results
3,003 patients underwent interval cholecystectomy: 861 (28.6%) at 1–30, 1,221 (40.7%) at 31–90 and 921 (30.7%) at 91–365 days from index admission. There was no difference in 365-day mortality between groups. Longer delay to cholecystectomy was associated with increased 180-day emergency GSRD readmission (17.5% vs 15.8% vs 19.9%, p < 0.001) and total six-month LOS (5.9 vs 8.4 vs 8.3, p < 0.001). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was increasingly required with cholecystectomy delay (14.5% vs 16.9% vs 20.4%, p < 0.001), as were open cholecystectomy procedures (4.8% vs 7.6% vs 11.3%, p < 0.001). Extended delay was associated with patients of lower socioeconomic status, regional/rural backgrounds or who presented to a low volume or non-tertiary hospital (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Delay to interval cholecystectomy results in increased rates of emergency readmission, overall LOS, risks of conversion to open surgery and need for ERCP. Index admission cholecystectomy is still recommended, however when not possible, interval cholecystectomy should be performed within 30 days to minimise patient risk and healthcare burden.
Effectiveness of first-line anticancer treatment may predict treatment response in further lines in stage III/IV patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Bratova Monika , Skrickova Jana , Matusikova Magda , Hrabcova Karolina , Havel Libor , Koubkova Leona , Hrnciarik Michal , Krejci Jana , Fischer Ondrej , Svaton Martin , Brat Kristian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of our study was to evaluate if therapeutic success in the first-line of anticancer treatments in patients with NSCLC may predict treatment success in the following lines.

Methods
We analyzed the data of patients with NSCLC stage III/IV from the TULUNG registry separately for chemotherapy, TKIs, ALK inhibitors, and immunotherapy in the first line during the years 2011–2019. „Succesful treatment “ was defined as PFS ≥ 6 months, a „good responder “ was a patient with ˃50% of „successful treatment “ lines. Treatment responses were analyzed separately for each drug group. Descriptive statistics, Fisher exact test, Pearson Chi-Squared test, log-rank test, and univariate/multivariate logistic regression models were used.

Results
The first-line TKI therapy was successful in 66.2%, while good responders accounted for 50.7% of the cohort and their rates were similar for all types of TKIs. First-line platinum-based chemotherapy was successful in 43.1% and 48.6% for combinations with pemetrexed and bevacizumab, respectively. Good responders accounted for 29.5% and 25.9%, respectively. In the group of ALK inhibitors, we observed treatment success in 52.3% of cases, while alectinib showed the highest effectiveness (up to 70%). Good responders constituted 50% of the group. In the first-line immunotherapy group, survival benefit was observed in 52.3%, and good responders constituted 52.3% of the cohort.

Conclusion
We concluded that the treatment success in first-line therapies in patients with NSCLC may predict survival benefits in the subsequent lines, particularly in EGFR- or ALK-positive disease and immunotherapy-treated patients.
Amortization plans in simple, compound and hybrid framework: a unifying approach
Authors: Ziani Laura , Pressacco Flavio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, five different types of amortization plans with constant instalments are analyzed with a unified approach: a pair of plans in simple interest regime, a pair of plans in compound interest regime and a plan in a hybrid context. In the two pairs there are a main plan and an auxiliary one. Here we give a comprehensive discussion of all the rules governing these plans, showing similarities and differences. Furthermore, the pair of plans in simple interest regime is at the origin of the hybrid plan, which surprisingly turns out to be a (main) plan in compound regime with variable instalments.
Subject-specific timing adaption in time-encoded arterial spin labeling imaging
Authors: Breutigam Nora-Josefin , Hoinkiss Daniel Christopher , Konstandin Simon , Buck Mareike Alicja , Mahroo Amnah , Eickel Klaus , von Samson-Himmelstjerna Federico , Günther Matthias 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
One challenge in arterial spin labeling (ASL) is the high variability of arterial transit times (ATT), which causes associated arterial transit delay (ATD) artifacts. In patients with pathological changes, these artifacts occur when post-labeling delay (PLD) and bolus durations are not optimally matched to the subject, resulting in difficult quantification of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and ATT. This is also true for the free lunch approach in Hadamard-encoded pseudocontinuous ASL (H-pCASL).

Material and methods
Five healthy volunteers were scanned with a 3 T MR-system. pCASL-subbolus timing was adjusted individually by the developed adaptive Walsh-ordered pCASL sequence and an automatic feedback algorithm. The quantification results for CBF and ATT and the respective standard deviations were compared with results obtained using recommended timings and intentionally suboptimal timings.

Results
The algorithm individually adjusted the pCASL-subbolus PLD for each subject within the range of recommended timing for healthy subjects, with a mean intra-subject adjustment deviation of 47.15 ms for single-shot and 44.5 ms for segmented acquisition in three repetitions.

Discussion
A first positive assessment of the results was performed on healthy volunteers. The extent to which the results can be transferred to patients and are of benefit must be investigated in follow-up studies.
Remnant cholesterol has an important impact on increased carotid intima-media thickness in non-diabetic individuals
Authors: Du Xiaoqiong , Ding Jie , Ma Xinchen , Yang Ruijie , Wang Luna , Sha Dujuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo investigate the correlation the correlation between residual cholesterol (RC) and increased carotid intima-media thickness(cIMT) in non-diabetic individuals. This study included 1786 non-diabetic individuals who underwent carotid ultrasound. RC was calculated based on total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The subjects were divided into the cIMT thickening group (cIMT ≥ 0.1 cm) and non-thickening group (cIMT < 0.1 cm) groups based on cIMT, binary logistic regression with different models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were adopted to evaluate the predictive ability of RC in cIMT. Of the research participants , their median age was 55 (49–51) years, 1121 (63%) were male, and 209 (12%) had hypertension, and people in the cIMT thickening group (925) were more likely to be older and male than those in the non-thickening group (843). Across the different RC subgroups, there was an increasing trend in maximum cIMT (P < 0.001) as RC levels increased within quartiles. RC was found to be an independent risk predictor for cIMT thickening (all P <  in models 1–3); and this result persisted in the LDL-C normal subgroup (P = 0.002). The results suggested that RC was an independent predictor of cIMT thickening in non-diabetic individuals and had a strong atherogenic effect.
Uniaxial orientation of cellulose nanocrystals by zone-casting technique
Authors: Shkyliuk I. , Makowski T. , Piorkowska E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are biomass-based nanoparticles with attractive properties. Using a zone-casting technique, transparent films 2 cm wide and 4 cm long, and 2 µm thick, with uniaxially oriented CNCs were prepared from aqueous suspension of CNCs. The nanocrystals were aligned within the entire film perpendicular to the zone-casting direction. The orientation of the CNCs was confirmed by polarized light microscopy, X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The intensity of the light transmitted through the films depended on its polarization direction and was the strongest for the light polarized perpendicularly to the crystal orientation direction. The orientation of CNCs in the films resulting in optical anisotropy makes them promising materials for applications in optoelectronics.
Prediction of pasture yield using machine learning-based optical sensing: a systematic review
Authors: Stumpe Christoph , Leukel Joerg , Zimpel Tobias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccurate and reliable predictions of biomass yield are important for decision-making in pasture management including fertilization, pest control, irrigation, grazing, and mowing. The possibilities for monitoring pasture growth and developing prediction models have greatly been expanded by advances in machine learning (ML) using optical sensing data. To facilitate the development of prediction models, an understanding of how ML techniques affect performance is needed. Therefore, this review examines the adoption of ML-based optical sensing for predicting the biomass yield of managed grasslands. We carried out a systematic search for English-language journal articles published between 2015-01-01 and 2022-10-26. Three coders screened 593 unique records of which 91 were forwarded to the full-text assessment. Forty-three studies were eligible for inclusion. We determined the adoption of techniques for collecting input data, preprocessing, and training prediction models, and evaluating their performance. The results show (1) a broad array of vegetation indices and spectral bands obtained from various optical sensors, (2) an emphasis focus on feature selection to cope with high-dimensional sensor data, (3) a low reporting rate of unitless performance metrics other than R2, (4) higher variability of R2 for models trained on sensor data of larger distance from the pasture sward, and (5) the need for greater comparability of study designs and results. We submit recommendations for future research and enhanced reporting that can help reduce barriers to the integration of evidence from studies.
Berge equilibria and the equilibria of the altruistic game
Authors: Zapata A. , Mármol A. M. , Monroy L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBerge’s notion of equilibrium represents a complementary alternative to the Nash equilibrium when modeling socioeconomic behavior and human interactions. While the notion of Nash equilibrium is based on self-interest, as players seek to maximize their own payoffs given the action of the other players, the idea behind Berge equilibrium is mutual support, as given the action of one of the players, all others select their actions looking for her best interest. However, because of the demanding conditions involved, the existence of Berge equilibria is rarely guaranteed. In this paper, we propose vector-valued normal-form games as a unified framework in which to study and extend the concept of Berge equilibrium. Based on the equilibria of the so-called altruistic game, we introduce new equilibrium concepts which constitute different relaxations of Berge’s notion, although they still retain the underlying idea of mutual support. We establish the links between these new equilibria, Nash equilibrium, Berge equilibrium, and other related concepts already existing in the literature. Our approach has the advantage that it permits the incorporation of preference information to identify the equilibria which are consistent with different altruistic attitudes of the players.
Bronze alloying recipes at Anyang during the Shang Dynasty
Authors: Pollard A. Mark , Zhang Yun , Liu Ruiliang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe present a detailed analysis of the chemical alloying data (Cu, Sn, Pb) on the bronzes recovered from the Late Shang capital at Yinxu, revealing a complex pattern which varies by social status and object typology, and which also changes over time. The preference for higher tin in the bronze vessels and weapons for the elites during Yinxu Phase II gives way to a more binary pattern (with weapons being preferentially alloyed with lead) for the lower elites of phase II, which becomes prevalent in subsequent phases. These changes are interpreted in terms of different ‘alloying practices’, which attempts to reconstruct the way in which the alloys are created at the point of casting. The alloy type described here as A1/A2 (11–24% tin, 0 to 3–5% lead) seems most likely to have been created by mixing together three components, corresponding to mixing relatively pure copper, tin and lead. This contrasts with the suggestion in theKaogong Ji, several hundred years later, that binary pre-prepared alloys were used. It is now important to determine when such a change might have occurred. The suggestion that alloy type B (low tin, variably high lead)couldhave been made by combining pure copper with a slightly impure lead (95%Pb/5%Sn) hints that such practices might have started during the Shang, but requires more work, especially on the intervening Western and Eastern Zhou periods.
Characteristics of insulin resistance in Korean adults from the perspective of circadian and metabolic sensing genes
Authors: Park Miso S. , Lee Siwoo , Baek Younghwa , Lee Juho , Park Sang-Soo , Cho Jung-Hyo , Jin Hee-Jeong , Yoo Ho-Ryong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The biological clock allows an organism to anticipate periodic environmental changes and adjust its physiology and behavior accordingly.

Objective
This retrospective cross-sectional study examined circadian gene polymorphisms and clinical characteristics associated with insulin resistance (IR).

Methods
We analyzed data from 1,404 Korean adults aged 30 to 55 with no history of cancer and cardio-cerebrovascular disease. The population was classified according to sex and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values. Demographics, anthropometric and clinical characteristics, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed with respect to sex, age, and HOMA-IR values. We used association rule mining to identify sets of SNPs from circadian and metabolic sensing genes that may be associated with IR.

Results
Among the subjects, 15.0% of 960 women and 24.3% of 444 men had HOMA-IR values above 2. Most of the parameters differed significantly between men and women, as well as between the groups with high and low insulin sensitivity. Body fat mass of the trunk, which was significantly higher in insulin-resistant groups, had a higher correlation with high sensitivity C-reactive protein and hemoglobin levels in women, and alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels in men. Homozygous minor allele genotype sets of SNPs rs17031578 and rs228669 in the PER3 gene could be more frequently found among women with HOMA-IR values above 2 (p = .014).

Conclusion
Oxidative stress enhanced by adiposity and iron overload, which may also be linked to NRF2 and PER3-related pathways, is related to IR in adulthood. However, due to the small population size in this study, more research is needed.