bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of different preoperative objective nutritional indices for evaluating 30-d mortality and complications after liver transplantation
Authors: Li Chuan , Chen Hong-Xia , Lai Yan-Hua 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
The nutritional status is closely related to the prognosis of liver transplant recipients, but few studies have reported the role of preoperative objective nutritional indices in predicting liver transplant outcomes.
AIM
To compare the predictive value of various preoperative objective nutritional indicators for determining 30-d mortality and complications following liver transplantation (LT).
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 162 recipients who underwent LT at our institution from December 2019 to June 2022.
RESULTS
This study identified several independent risk factors associated with 30-d mortality, including blood loss, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), the nutritional risk index (NRI), and the control nutritional status. The 30-d mortality rate was 8.6%. Blood loss, the NRI, and the PNI were found to be independent risk factors for the occurrence of severe postoperative complications. The NRI achieved the highest prediction values for 30-d mortality [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.861, P < 0.001] and severe complications (AUC = 0.643, P = 0.011). Compared to those in the high NRI group, the low patients in the NRI group had lower preoperative body mass index and prealbumin and albumin levels, as well as higher alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels, Model for End-stage Liver Disease scores and prothrombin time (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the group with a low NRI exhibited significantly greater incidences of intraabdominal bleeding, primary graft nonfunction, and mortality.
CONCLUSION
The NRI has good predictive value for 30-d mortality and severe complications following LT. The NRI could be an effective tool for transplant surgeons to evaluate perioperative nutritional risk and develop relevant nutritional therapy.
Predictive value of NLR, Fib4, and APRI in the occurrence of liver failure after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kuang Tian-Zuo , Xiao Meng , Liu Yong-Fan 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), fibrosis index based on four factors (Fib4), aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) can be used for prognostic evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, no study has established an individualized prediction model for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma based on these factors.
AIM
To screen the factors that affect the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and establish a nomogram model that predicts postoperative liver failure after hepatic resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
METHODS
In total, 220 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated in our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected. They were divided into 154 participants in the modeling cohort, and 66 in the validation cohort. Comparative analysis of the changes in NLR, Fib4, and APRI levels in 154 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before liver resection and at 3 mo, 6 mo, and 12 mo postoperatively was conducted. Binary logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors on the occurrence of liver failure in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, roadmap prediction modeling, and validation, patient work characteristic curves (ROCs) to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model, calibration curves to assess the consistency, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate the model’s validity were also conducted.
RESULTS
Binary logistic regression showed that Child-Pugh grading, Surgical site, NLR, Fib4, and APRI were all risk factors for liver failure after hepatic resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The modeling cohort built a column-line graph model, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.986 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.963-1.000]. The patients in the validation cohort utilized the column-line graph to predict the probability of survival in the validation cohort and plotted the ROC curve with an area under the curve of the model of 0.692 (95%CI: 0.548-0.837). The deviation of the actual outcome curves from the calibration curves of the column-line plots generated by the modeling and validation cohorts was small, and the DCA confirmed the validity.
CONCLUSION
NLR, Fib4, and APRI independently influence posthepatectomy liver failure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The column-line graph prediction model exhibited strong prognostic capability, with substantial concordance between predicted and actual events.
Intestinal tuberculosis with small bowel stricture and hemorrhage as the predominant manifestation: Three case reports
Authors: Huang Gang , Wu Kang-Kang , Li Xiao-Na , Kuai Jing-Hua , Zhang Ai-Jun 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Intestinal tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the ileum and cecum. Small bowel tuberculosis, characterized by predominant involvement of the small intestine, is an extremely rare condition with highly atypical clinical presentations, making diagnosis even more challenging.
CASE SUMMARY
We report three cases of small intestinal tuberculosis, two of the patients presented primarily with abdominal pain, and one presented with gastrointestinal bleeding. All patients underwent blood tests and imaging examinations. Small bowel endoscopy (SBE) revealed that the main lesions in these patients were intestinal stenosis or gastrointestinal bleeding caused by small intestinal ulcers. One patient ultimately underwent surgical treatment. Following a complex diagnostic process and comprehensive analysis, all patients were confirmed to have small intestinal tuberculosis and received standard antituberculosis treatment, leading to an improvement in their condition.
CONCLUSION
Patients with SBTs present with nonspecific symptoms such as abdominal pain, weight loss, and occasional gastrointestinal bleeding. Accurate diagnosis requires a thorough evaluation of clinical symptoms and various tests to avoid misdiagnosis and complications.
Single-incision laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair in the treatment of adult female patients with inguinal hernia
Authors: Zhu Xiao-Jun , Jiao Jing-Yi , Xue Hui-Min , Chen Peng , Qin Chang-Fu , Wang Peng 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Women have a 3% lifetime chance of developing an inguinal hernia, which is not as common in men. Due to its cosmetic benefits, single-incision laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (SIL-TAPP) inguinal hernia repair is becoming increasingly popular in the management of inguinal hernia in women. However, there are no studies comparing the safety and applicability of SIL-TAPP repair with conventional laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (CL-TAPP) inguinal hernia repair for the treatment of inguinal hernia in women.
AIM
To compare the outcomes of SIL-TAPP and CL-TAPP repair in adult female patients with inguinal hernia and to estimate the safety and applicability of SIL-TAPP repair in adult female inguinal hernia patients.
METHODS
We retrospectively compared the clinical information and follow-up data of female inguinal hernia patients who underwent SIL-TAPP inguinal hernia repair and those who underwent CL-TAPP inguinal hernia repair at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from February 2018 to December 2020 and assessed the long-term and short-term outcomes of both cohorts.
RESULTS
This study included 123 patients, with 71 undergoing SIL-TAPP repair and 52 undergoing CL-TAPP repair. The two cohorts of patients and inguinal hernia characteristics were similar, with no statistically meaningful difference. The rate of intraoperative inferior epigastric vessel injury was lower in patients in the SIL-TAPP cohort (0, 0%) than in patients in the CL-TAPP cohort (4, 7.7%) and was significantly different (P < 0.05). In addition, the median [interquartile range (IQR)] total hospitalization costs were significantly lower in patients in the SIL-TAPP cohort [$3287 (3218-3325)] than in patients in the CL-TAPP cohort [$3511 (3491-3599)]. Postoperatively, the occurrence rate of trocar site hernia was lower in the SIL-TAPP cohort (0, 0%) than in the CL-TAPP cohort (4, 7.7%), and the median (IQR) cosmetic score was significantly higher in the SIL-TAPP cohort [10 (10-10)] than in the CL-TAPP cohort [9 (9-10)].
CONCLUSION
SIL-TAPP repair did not increase the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications in female inguinal hernia patients. Moreover, female inguinal hernia patients who underwent SIL-TAPP repair had a lower probability of trocar site hernia and inferior epigastric vessel injury than female inguinal hernia patients who underwent CL-TAPP repair. In addition, female inguinal hernia patients who underwent SIL-TAPP repair reported a more aesthetically pleasing postoperative abdominal incision. Therefore, SIL-TAPP repair is a better option for the treatment of inguinal hernias in women.
The place of indigenous knowledge in environmental social work in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mukurazhizha Rudo , Muridzo Noel , Simbine Samuel 
Published: January 2024

Environmentalism has gained momentum in social work. Practitioners and educators now acknowledge that leaving out environmental issues in their teaching curriculum and practice short charges their clients. This paper brings to the fore the element of indigenous knowledge in environmental social work practice. It explores how traditional beliefs and practices, Ubuntu philosophy, and mythology help in the preservation of the environment and adapting to climate change. The paper takes an Afrocentric approach by arguing that if reconsidered, indigenous knowledge systems have the potential to promote environmental preservation. Social workers have come to the acknowledgment that it is critical for the person-in-environment to include the natural environment. They advocate for change and aspects of social justice including environmental issues. The robustness of social work, positions the helping profession as a natural connection to the environment, ecological preservation, and humanity. International bodies like the International Federation of Social Workers emphasize the need for social work interventions to be underpinned by theories that factor use of indigenous knowledge. Environmental social work is one of the emerging fields of social work education and practice that address developmental interventions. In this paper, the authors use their experiences as social work educators and practitioners on the place of the Indigenous knowledge in environmental social work in Zimbabwe.
How to reference using ASWNet style:
Mukurazhizha R., Muridzo N., Sunungurayi Charamba S. & Simbine S. (2023). The place of indigenous knowledge in environmental social work in Zimbabwe. African Journal of Social Work, 13(2), 110-117. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i2.7
Visit journal website: https://ajsw.africasocialwork.net
African nations: a pathological system waiting for social work surgical intervention
Authors: Okafor Samuel O 
Published: January 2024

Africa, conceptually, geographically, politically, economically, religiously and socially is in bondage and this bondage is summarized as pathological condition. The pathological condition of Africa is the outcome of cumulative of the attacks by the empire builders, slave traders, colonialists and the neocolonialists. The attacks and their consequences on the African system have resulted to the continuous failure of the socioeconomic, political and institutional lives of the African system with such symptoms and social indicators like political dependence on the colonialists and neocolonialists, dependence on foreign economic aids and borrowing galore, social segregation and self-hatred among the African population, modern slavery by willingness, political instability, religious exploitation, etc. Over the years scholars, political elites and other categories among African population have tried to deal with the pathological condition of the African nations however, the situation seems to have defied every strategy. This defiance of the pathological condition of the African nations to almost every effort to reverse it lie in the way and manner the adventure of colonialism and neocolonialism was designed and implemented. Colonialism and neocolonialism were institutionalised and eventually sustained using the indigenous population. As such, decolonization can only be successful if it is institutionalised and operated by the elite class with deep knowledge of the problem and deep relationship with the African population. Hence, the social workers with their multidimensional discipline and profession as well as deep interaction with the population are strategically handy in mounting and sustaining decolonization agenda in the 21st century Africa. The aforementioned is the focus and interest of this paper.
How to reference using ASWNet style:
Okafor S. O. (2023). African nations: a pathological system waiting for social work surgical intervention. African Journal of Social Work, 13(3), 127-135. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i3.1
Visit journal website: https://ajsw.africasocialwork.net
Theorising a theory of Ubuntu – the divide between individualism compared to a socialistic understanding of African society
Authors: Khan Sultan 
Published: January 2024

This paper seeks to examine Ubuntu from the socialistic perspective that is embraced by most Africans against Maslow’s individualistic hierarchy of needs. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs encourages individualism that often fosters capitalistic demands in western countries whereas in the African continent the theory of Ubuntu by Mbigi is rooted in the Five Fingers approach and provides a socialistic outlook towards life. The principle of Ubuntu is akin to socialism where there is a communal outlook to living. This is long before Karl Marx spoke about socialism. The Ubuntu theory is based on the principles of caring and sharing so that it can meet the needs of communities and nation states. Discussions in this paper are based on the Collective Five Finger theory that has five values which are the cornerstones of Ubuntu. Each value represents a finger and all of them form a strong hand that can stand against trials and tribulations. Previously published African literature was reviewed to expose a solid stance that Ubuntu has on socialism. There is an increasing concern of whether Ubuntu is still relevant in this era of globalisation and how it impacts individuals, thus the rise of alternative terms such as Black Tax. Black Tax is a fast-growing trend in the black community that seeks to oust the original idea of Ubuntu. The Ubuntu policies need to be taught at schools and extended to the private sector.
How to reference using ASWNet style:Khan, S. & Ntakana, U. M. (2023). Theorising a theory of ubuntu – the divide between individualism compared to a socialistic understanding of African society. African Journal of Social Work, 13(4), 217-223. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i4.5
Visit journal website: https://ajsw.africasocialwork.net
Preparation of nanocomposites for corrosion treatment
Authors: Esmail Sadeq Zainab , Sabah Al-Obaidi Noor , Salam Al-Mahdawi Anfal , N. Abd Ahmed , H. Mahmoud Zaid , W. Kamal Ban 
Published: January 2024

Nano-copper oxide was prepared by utilizing photolysis method and characteristic by using FT-IR, XRD and SEM; the nano size was about 51 nm, environmental impact (pollution reduction) can be improved by using nanostructure particles in preventing corrosion, and nanocomposites have also proven to be an effective alternative to other hazardous and toxic compounds. The results of the current article indicated that the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing concentration of nano-oxide which is added to methyl orange, curcumin, the corrosion rate (CR), inhibition effectiveness were studied at different temperatures. The results showed an increase corrosion rate and a decrease in inhibition efficiency with increase temperature.
KEY WORDS: Corrosion, Inhibitors, Copper oxide, Nanocomposites
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(2), 501-509.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i2.17
Spectroscopic, physicochemical characterizations and photonics applications on boron subphthalocyanine chloride as organic electronics
Authors: Alrooqi Arwa , A. Alshehri Amal , M. Al-Amshany Zahra , M. Al-Harbi Laila , A.  Altalhi Tariq , S. Refat Moamen , A. Atta A. , A. M. Mersal Gaber , M. Hassanien A. , A. Asla Kareem 
Published: January 2024

This work shows the structural, thermogravimetric, optical, and electrochemical properties of boron subphthalocyanine chloride (B-subPc-Cl) as organic electronic material. The Fullprof Suite program and Rietveld analysis were used to refine and index the crystal structure of B-subPc-Cl. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the differential thermogravimetric analysis (dTG) were used to study the kinetic thermogravimetric factors using the Horowitz-Metzger's and Coats-Redfern methods. The absorption spectra of B-subPc-Cl contain two strong absorption bands (Soret-like band and Q-like band). The oscillator strength and electrical dipole strength were estimated by using a Gaussian fitting of the molar absorptivity (εmolar) of the B-subPc-Cl. The HOMO-LUMO and the band gap of B-subPc-Cl were calculated by using cyclic voltammetry measurement. Details of the UV-Vis –NIR absorption spectra and optical band gap for B-subPc-Cl are also provided. Density-functional theory (DFT) method has been utilized to obtain geometrically optimized structure for the studied compound. The theoretical calculations agreed with the experimental results. The obtained results point out the prospects of B-subPc-Cl for the organic electronic applications.
KEY WORDS: Subphthalocyanine, Optical properties, TGA, Cyclic voltammetry, DFT method
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(2), 527-538.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i2.19
Bacteriologic Profile, Antibiotics Resistance Pattern, and Outcomes of Patients Admitted to Lancet General Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Demissie Zekewos , Nurlegn Serkalem , Zemedkun Nahom , Demssis Yidnekachew , Mekuriya Bethel , Beyene Eyob , Getachew Seifemichael , Mekonnen Desalew , Birhanu Yohannes , Alemayehu Brook , Sileshi Nebiyat , Sintayehu Gelila , Admasu Dawit , Zewdie Kibruyisfaw 
Published: January 2024

Background: Prior studies indicated increased antimicrobial resistance in Ethiopia, with related health, economic, and environmental costs. Knowing an institutions and population microbiologic profile allows for proper antibiotic treatment, which substantially impact patients’ outcomes such as healthcare related costs, morbidity, and mortality. The current study assessed the bacteriologic profile, resistance pattern, and treatment outcome in Lancet General Hospital.
Method: A retrospective cohort study on the bacteriologic profile, antibiotics resistance pattern, and outcome of patients was done on 128 eligible patients who were admitted to Lancet General Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023. Data from all hospitalized patients with culture-confirmed infection were analyzed. SPSS version 26.0 was used to analyze the data. Association between independent and dependent variables was analyzed using binary logistic regression model.
Results: Gram-negative bacteria were recovered in 77% of the cases. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae was found in 37.5% (54) isolates and carbapenem resistant bacteria were identified in 27.8% of patients. In-hospital mortality from multidrug resistant bacterial infection was 14.8%. Age ≥ 65 years, presence of septic shock, and presence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria were independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality.
Conclusion: High number of resistant microorganisms was isolated, and increased mortality was documented from infections caused by carbapenem-resistant bacteria. Multi-center studies should be done to determine the extent of resistant organisms in health facilities throughout the country.epidemiology, and the findings should be factored into clinical decision making and program design for disease prevention, screening, and treatment. It also calls for further prospective research to learn more about the conditions in the context of additional relevant personal and clinical characteristics
Complete Blood Count, C-reactive Protein, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Changes in People with Brucellosis
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Alireza , Khanderoo Mozhgan , Abbasnezhad Abbasali , Ghorbani Mohammad , Nasrollahian Sina , Noorizadeh Reyhaneh , Mardaneh Jalal 
Published: January 2024

Background: Brucellosis is a major health and economic problem in many parts of the world, including the Middle East. Blood disorders such as anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia can be seen in brucellosis. However, laboratory findings of this disease are different. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the changes in complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in people with brucellosis in Gonabad community health centers.
Methods: During the 4 years from May 2016 to May 2019, a prospective study was performed on 221 patients with brucellosis. According to the national guidelines for brucellosis, titers greater than 1/80 for Wright and more than 1/40 for 2-ME were considered positive cases of brucellosis. Using the checklist, information related to CBC, CRP, and ESR test parameters was collected.
Results: The results showed that out of 221 patients studied, 58.4% were male and 41.6% were female. The mean age was 44.9±19.8 years for men and 49.3±17.3 years for females. High ESR was seen in 43.4% and positive CRP in 59.7% of patients. Leukopenia in 8.6%, leukocytosis in 9%, neutropenia in 6.8%, neutrophilia in 9.5%, lymphopenia in 3.6%, lymphocytosis in 10%, anemia in 17.2% and thrombocytopenia in 9.5% of patients were seen.
Conclusion: Brucellosis in endemic areas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with thrombocytopenia. Also in high Wright titers, CRP is a more valuable indicator than ESR.
Magnesium Toxicity Presented as Quadriparesis in Postpartum Period: Case Report
Authors: Demissie Zekewos , Getachew Seyfemichael , Teklu Sisay , Demile Abraham , Endeshaw Bezawit , Hintsa Amanuel 
Published: January 2024

Quadriparesis may result from numerous neurologic diseases. Any of the causes could occur in the postpartum period. However, some conditions have increased prevalence during peripartal period, such as cerebral venous thrombosis, eclampsia itself, or its treatment with magnesium sulfate causing neuromuscular dysfunction in case of toxicity. Herein, we report a case of magnesium toxicity in a 34- year-old mother in the early postpartum period. This case signifies the importance of magnesium toxicity in patients with decreased renal clearance.