bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Modified Gen-Probe Amplified Direct Test for Detection of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Complex Organisms in Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Cloud Joann L. , Shutt Cheryl , Aldous Wade , Woods Gail 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

Laboratory evidence for tuberculous meningitis is difficult to acquire due to the low numbers of organisms present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the presence of nucleic acid amplification inhibitors. The Amplified
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Direct Test (MTD) is sensitive and specific for the direct detection of
M. tuberculosis
complex in respiratory samples but has not been approved for CSF. We evaluated a modified version of the current MTD, optimized for use with CSF samples. Samples were prepared by spiking CSF with various numbers of
M. tuberculosis
complex organisms. The modified MTD performance was compared with results obtained using a purified RNA sample extracted using the Qiagen RNeasy Protect Bacteria Mini Kit. By use of CSF artificially spiked with
M. tuberculosis
complex, the sensitivity of the modified MTD was 100% (six of six) for CSF samples containing approximately 600 CFU/ml, 78% (seven of nine) for approximately 60 CFU/ml, 50% (three of six) for 6 CFU/ml, and 17% (one of six) for samples with <1 CFU/ml. The specificity of the modified MTD method was 100% (22 of 22). The sensitivity of the Qiagen MTD method was 100% for CSF samples containing approximately 600 CFU/ml (six of six) and approximately 60 CFU/ml (nine of nine), 50% for samples with approximately 6 CFU/ml (three of six), and 50% for samples with <1 CFU/ml (three of six). The specificity of the Qiagen MTD method was 86% (19 of 22). With the Qiagen MTD method, however, initial results were equivocal for 14 of the 27 (52%) positive samples, requiring repeat analysis, whereas with the modified MTD, only 1 of 27 (4%) was equivocal. The modified MTD for CSF samples was less time-consuming and less expensive and resulted in considerably fewer equivocal results than the Qiagen MTD method did.
Sensitive and Specific Detection of
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification
Authors: Horisaka Tomoko , Fujita Kayoko , Iwata Taketoshi , Nakadai Aya , Okatani Alexandre T. , Horikita Tetsuya , Taniguchi Takahide , Honda Eiichi , Yokomizo Yuichi , Hayashidani Hideki 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

We developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method able to detect
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
strains in 30 min by using six primers designed by targeting the
inv
gene. This method is more sensitive than PCR and might be a useful tool for detecting and identifying
Y. pseudotuberculosis
.
False-Positive
Aspergillus
Galactomannan Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Results In Vivo during Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid Treatment
Authors: Mattei Daniele , Rapezzi Davide , Mordini Nicola , Cuda Federica , Lo Nigro Cristiana , Musso Maura , Arnelli Aldo , Cagnassi Sebastiano , Gallamini Andrea 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

Positive Platelia
Aspergillus
test results were observed in consecutive serum samples from an immunocompromised host during amoxicillin-clavulanic acid treatment, and a correlation between plasmatic amoxicillin concentration and galactomannan optical density index was observed. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid vials tested positive for galactomannan but were negative for
Aspergillus
DNA.
Polymorphisms of the Fimbria
fim3
Gene of
Bordetella pertussis
Strains Isolated in Canada
Authors: Tsang Raymond S. W. , Lau Allan K. H. , Sill Michelle L. , Halperin Scott A. , Van Caeseele Paul , Jamieson Frances , Martin Irene E. 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

The
fim
genes which code for the fimbria protective antigens present in both the inactivated whole-cell and acellular vaccines were analyzed in 86 Canadian
Bordetella pertussis
isolates. At least one of the novel mutations identified was found to involve a surface epitope that has been mapped by serum antibodies from infected or vaccinated subjects.
Identification and Phylogeny of
Enterobacter sakazakii
Relative to
Enterobacter
and
Citrobacter
Species
Authors: Iversen Carol , Waddington Michael , On Stephen L. W. , Forsythe Stephen 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

The phylogenetic relationships of
Enterobacter sakazakii
strains were investigated using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and
hsp60
sequencing. Each analysis distributed
E. sakazakii
strains among four clusters, indicating substantial taxonomic heterogeneity. The
E. sakazakii
type strain 16S rDNA sequence was 97.8% similar to that of
Citrobacter koseri
but 97.0% similar to that of
Enterobacter cloacae
.
Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection in Wild Boars and Deer and Genetic Identification of a Genotype 3 HEV from a Boar in Japan
Authors: Sonoda Hideto , Abe Masahiko , Sugimoto Takeshi , Sato Yukihiro , Bando Masashi , Fukui Emiko , Mizuo Hitoshi , Takahashi Masaharu , Nishizawa Tsutomu , Okamoto Hiroaki 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT
Zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from captured wild deer or boars to humans has been suggested. Antibody to HEV was detected in 9% of 35 wild boars and 2% of 117 wild deer tested, and a presumably indigenous HEV of genotype 3 was isolated from a boar in Japan.
Stochastic Transmission of Multiple Genotypically Distinct
Anaplasma marginale
Strains in a Herd with High Prevalence of
Anaplasma
Infection
Authors: Palmer Guy H. , Knowles Donald P. , Rodriguez Jose-Luis , Gnad David P. , Hollis Larry C. , Marston Twig , Brayton Kelly A. 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

Multiple genotypically unique strains of the tick-borne pathogen
Anaplasma marginale
occur and are transmitted within regions where the organism is endemic. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that specific
A. marginale
strains are preferentially transmitted. The study herd of cattle (
n
= 261) had an infection prevalence of 29% as determined by competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and PCR, with complete concordance between results of the two assays. Genotyping revealed the presence of 11 unique strains within the herd. Although the majority of the individuals (70 of 75) were infected with only a single
A. marginale
strain, five animals each carried two strains with markedly distinct genotypes, indicating that superinfection does occur with distinct
A. marginale
strains, as has been reported with
A. marginale
and
A. marginale
subsp.
centrale
strains. Identification of strains in animals born into and infected within the herd during the period from 1998 to 2003 revealed no significant difference from the overall strain prevalence in the herd, results that do not support the occurrence of preferential strain transmission within a population of persistently infected animals and are most consistent with pathogen strain transmission being stochastic.
Effect of Transport Time, Temperature, and Concentration on the Survival of Group B Streptococci in Amies Transport Medium
Authors: Stoner K. A. , Rabe L. K. , Hillier S. L. 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT
The impact of transport time and temperature on survival of group B streptococci (GBS) in Amies transport medium was evaluated. Viability of 10 or more CFU of GBS was maintained for 4 days at 24 or 3°C. However, there was a significant decrease in viability for GBS held at 30°C for 4 days.
Spoligotyping Profile Change Caused by Deletion of a Direct Variable Repeat in a
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Isogenic Laboratory Strain
Authors: Aranaz Alicia , Romero Beatriz , Montero Natalia , Álvarez Julio , Bezos Javier , de Juan Lucía , Mateos Ana , Domínguez Lucas 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

Spoligotyping is a major tool for molecular typing of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex organisms. For epidemiological purposes, strains are considered clonal only when their spoligotyping patterns are identical. We report a change in the spoligotyping profiles of truly isogenic strains (a clinical isolate and a subculture derived in the laboratory) caused by deletion of a direct variable repeat. Without the information about the relationship between them, a link between these strains would have gone unnoticed. Evolutionary events should be taken into account in the interpretation of spoligotyping results and in the design of databases.
Comparison of the Sensitivities and Viral Load Values of the AMPLICOR HIV-1 MONITOR Version 1.0 and 1.5 Tests
Authors: Caliendo Angela M. , Ingersoll Jessica , Green Alicia M. , Nolte Frederick S. , Easley Kirk A. 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT
This study compared the sensitivity and viral load values of the AMPLICOR HIV-1 MONITOR microwell version 1.0, microwell version 1.5, and COBAS version 1.5 tests. Based on the percentage of positive replicates, the microwell version 1.5 and COBAS version 1.5 tests are more sensitive than the microwell version 1.0 test. Viral load values obtained with the COBAS version 1.5 test are lower than those obtained with either the microwell version 1.0 or microwell version 1.5 test.
Association between a High BK Virus Load in Urine Samples of Patients with Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Development of Hemorrhagic Cystitis after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Bogdanovic G. , Priftakis P. , Giraud G. , Kuzniar M. , Ferraldeschi R. , Kokhaei P. , Mellstedt H. , Remberger M. , Ljungman P. , Winiarski J. , Dalianis T. 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT
BK virus (BKV) load in urine alone or in combination with acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was correlated to development of hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). BKV load in combination with acute GVHD discriminated the best, while BKV and viral load alone, but not GVHD, still showed predictive ability for HC.
Demonstration of Two Distinct Hemotropic Mycoplasmas in French Dogs
Authors: Kenny Martin J. , Shaw Susan E. , Beugnet Fréderic , Tasker Séverine 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACTIn North America it has been shown that distinct hemotropic mycoplasmas exist in dogs. Blood samples from 460 French dogs were analyzed by PCR to evaluate hemoplasma infection status. Seventy-one dogs (15.4%) were positive; of these, 44 (9.6%) were infected with an organism closely related to “CandidatusMycoplasma haemoparvum” only, 15 (3.3%) were infected withMycoplasma haemocanisonly, and 12 dogs (2.6%) were dually infected with both organisms.
Differentiation of
Rhizomucor
Species on the Basis of Their Different Sensitivities to Lovastatin
Authors: Lukács Gyöngyi , Papp Tamás , Nyilasi Ildikó , Nagy Erzsébet , Vágvölgyi Csaba 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

The opportunistic pathogens
Rhizomucor pusillus
and
Rhizomucor miehei
may be agents of frequently fatal mycotic diseases. In the present study, the susceptibilities of 27 clinical and environmental isolates of
R. miehei
and
R. pusillus
to lovastatin under different culturing conditions were investigated. Most of the
R. miehei
strains grew at lovastatin concentrations as high as 64 to 128 μg/ml. In contrast, the inhibitory effect of lovastatin on all of the
R. pusillus
strains was evident at lovastatin concentrations as low as 1 to 2 μg/ml. A simple and reliable method for species-level differentiation, based on the significantly higher sensitivity of
R. pusillus
to lovastatin than that of
R. miehei
, was elaborated. According this, on malt extract agar containing 6 μg of lovastatin/ml,
R. pusillus
is not able to produce colonies, while
R. miehei
will form compact colonies.
An Unexpected Experimental Pitfall in the Molecular Diagnosis of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Authors: Ugahary Luana , van de Sande Wendy , van Meurs Jan C. , van Belkum Alex 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

General primer-mediated ribosomal DNA amplification during endophthalmitis may improve the quality of diagnostic microbiology. However, extreme care needs to be taken not to introduce contaminating bacterial DNA during surgery procedures. The use of decontaminating iodine solutions can lead to such contamination due to the presence of DNA from
Pseudomonas
-like organisms.
Natural
Clostridium botulinum
Type C Toxicosis in a Group of Cats
Authors: Elad D. , Yas-Natan E. , Aroch I. , Shamir M. H. , Kleinbart S. , Hadash D. , Chaffer M. , Greenberg K. , Shlosberg A. 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

Clinical signs of botulism were observed in a group of eight cats, four of which died, after being fed pelican carrion.
Clostridium botulinum
type C was isolated from one cat. The microorganism and its toxin were found in the pelican. This is apparently the first report of natural botulism in cats.
Laboratory-Confirmed Transmission of Vaccinia Virus Infection through Sexual Contact with a Military Vaccinee
Authors: Egan Christina , Kelly Cassandra D. , Rush-Wilson Kim , Davis Stephen W. , Samsonoff William A. , Pfeiffer Heidi , Miller Jim , Taylor Jill , Cirino Nick M. 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACTA laboratory-confirmed, inadvertent transmission of vaccinia virus from an unusual source highlights the importance of epidemiologic tracing, proper biosafety practices in the clinical diagnostic laboratories, and educating clinicians and laboratorians to potential bioterrorism-initiated outbreaks as well as look-alike disease discrimination.
Disseminated
Beauveria bassiana
Infection in a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Tucker D. L. , Beresford C. H. , Sigler L. , Rogers K. 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

We describe a case of disseminated
Beauveria bassiana
infection in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Her infection was successfully treated with amphotericin B and itraconazole.
B. bassiana
is rarely reported as a human pathogen. It is commonly found in soil and because of its pathogenicity to many insect species is incorporated into several pesticides.
Genetic Confirmation of Quinine-Resistant
Plasmodium falciparum
Malaria Followed by Postmalaria Neurological Syndrome in a Traveler from Mozambique
Authors: Palmieri Fabrizio , Petrosillo Nicola , Paglia Maria Grazia , Conte Aristide , Goletti Delia , Pucillo Leopoldo Paolo , Menegon Michela , Sannella Anna , Severini Carlo , Majori Giancarlo 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT

A case of quinine-resistant
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria, followed by a postmalaria neurological syndrome and a recurrence episode, is described. Genetic characterization of the
P. falciparum
isolate obtained by analysis of
msp1
and
msp2
amplicons revealed the coexistence of two genotypes causing the first malaria episode and the presence of a unique isolate responsible for the recurrence.
Nietzsche's New Grounding of The Metaphysical: Sensuousness and the Subversion of Plato and Platonism
Authors: Sena Marylou 
Published: November 2004

This essay gives an extensive treatment of Heidegger's confrontation (
Auseinander-setzung
) with Nietzsche' thought. It argues that Heidegger's confrontation entails situating what Heidegger calls Nietzsche's "transformed" understanding of the sensuous outside the metaphysics of both Plato and Platonism. The essay establishes, by the end of the second section, that Heidegger's confrontation with Nietzsche's thought culminates with the insight that for Nietzsche sensuousness is metaphysical. The third section of the essay takes as its point of departure Heidegger's intimation at the conclusion of
The Will to Power as Art
, where he advances the
inference
that Nietzsche's new grounding of the metaphysical in sensuousness
brings along with it
"readiness for the gods." The essay offers explicit support for Heidegger's intimation through an analysis of three essential steps, outlined by Nietzsche in
The Birth of Tragedy
, in which sensuousness proves to be indicative of a way of access to the gods, the dual gods, Apollo and Dionysus, at the origin of Greek tragedy.
Stars and Constellations: The Difference Between Gadamer and Derrida
Authors: Di Cesare Donatella 
Published: November 2004

What is the difference between hermeneutics and deconstruction? This essay provides an answer by following the guiding thread of
understanding
that was already brought to the fore in Paris during the "improbable debate" between Gadamer and Derrida. Maybe there was and still is a "dialogue" between the two most important currents of continental philosophy, as Derrida suggests in his talk commemorating Gadamer at Heidelberg in 2002. It is a dialogue that passes through poetry, and above all the poems of Celan. In this way, the distance or the proximity between hermeneutics and deconstruction rests in the meaning of understanding: the one beginning from the
uninterrupted dialogue
, the other from the
difference of interruption
. Through a phenomenology of saying and of understanding, this essay asks at the same time how the differences of deconstruction are the stars necessary for the constellation of hermeneutics, and how the constellation is nevertheless necessary for every new star. It is perhaps the
Schibboleth
of Celan that indicates the point of orientation.
Innovating Across Cultural Boundaries: Applying Conflict Theory to Develop a Common Approach
Authors: Wong Alfred , Tjosvold Dean 
Published: November 2004

AbstractDiversity of people and perspectives can contribute to the ability of teams to develop and implement innovation in organizations. However, to do so they must manage their conflicts. Considerable research in the West and recent studies in China have documented the value of a cooperative approach to conflict for teamwork and innovation in collectivist as well as individualist cultures. When team members attempt to resolve their disputes for mutual benefit, they have been found to make high quality decisions to which they are committed. This article proposes that diverse people can use this theory to develop common values, norms, and procedures that are accessible and effective for all cultural groups.
The hereditary hemochromatosis protein, HFE, lowers intracellular iron levels independently of transferrin receptor 1 in TRVb cells
Authors: Carlson Hanqian , Zhang An-Sheng , Fleming William H. , Enns Caroline A. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractHereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive disease that leads to parenchymal iron accumulation. The most common form of HH is caused by a single amino acid substitution in the HH protein, HFE, but the mechanism by which HFE regulates iron homeostasis is not known. In the absence of transferrin (Tf), HFE interacts with transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and the 2 proteins co-internalize, and in vitro studies have shown that HFE and Tf compete for TfR1 binding. Using a cell line lacking endogenous transferrin receptors (TRVb cells) transfected with different forms of HFE and TfR1, we demonstrate that even at low concentrations Tf competes effectively with HFE for binding to TfR1 on living cells. Transfection of TRVb cells or the derivative line TRVb1 (which stably expresses human TfR1) with HFE resulted in lower ferritin levels and decreased Fe2+ uptake. These data indicate that HFE can regulate intracellular iron storage independently of its interaction with TfR1. Earlier studies found that in HeLa cells, HFE expression lowers Tf-mediated iron uptake; here we show that HFE lowers non–Tf-bound iron in TRVb cells and add to a growing body of evidence that HFE may play different roles in different cell types.
Platelet P-selectin is required for pulmonary eosinophil and lymphocyte recruitment in a murine model of allergic inflammation
Authors: Pitchford Simon C. , Momi Stefania , Giannini Silvia , Casali Lucio , Spina Domenico , Page Clive P. , Gresele Paolo 
Published: November 2004

AbstractPlatelets are necessary for lung leukocyte recruitment in a murine model of allergic inflammation, and platelet–leukocyte aggregates are formed in circulating blood of patients with asthma after allergen exposure. However, it is unknown how platelets induce pulmonary leukocyte recruitment in asthma. Here, we have investigated the importance of platelet adhesion molecule expression on pulmonary eosinophil and lymphocyte recruitment and on leukocyte CD11b and very late antigen (VLA)–4 expression in mice. Pulmonary leukocyte recruitment in platelet-depleted mice (sensitized and exposed to ovalbumin) transfused with fixed, unstimulated platelets (FUSPs) was abolished, whereas transfusion with platelets stimulated and fixed (FSPs), expressing P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), restored eosinophil and lymphocyte recruitment. Transfusion with platelets from P-selectin–deficient mice, or with FSPs stimulated in the presence of a blocking anti–P-selectin antibody, were unable to restore pulmonary leukocyte recruitment. Flow cytometric analysis revealed increased expression of CD11b and VLA-4 on leukocytes attached to platelets after allergen exposure, and CD11b expression on leukocytes was suppressed in thrombocytopenic mice but was restored with the transfusion of FSPs, but not FUSPs, a phenomenon concurrent with the formation of platelet–leukocyte complexes. P-selectin expression on the surfaces of platelets is a major requirement for pulmonary eosinophil and lymphocyte recruitment, allowing circulating platelets to bind to and stimulate leukocytes for endothelial attachment.
A cardioprotective role for the endothelial protein C receptor in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in the mouse
Authors: Iwaki Takayuki , Cruz Diana T. , Martin J. Andrew , Castellino Francis J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractA model of gram-negative lethal endotoxin shock, involving continuous peritoneal infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), has been applied to wild-type (WT) mice and mice with a severe deficiency of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCRδ/δ). The survival of EPCRδ/δ mice was significantly diminished as compared to WT mice after administration of LPS via this route. Heart rates and central blood pressures also were significantly more depressed in EPCRδ/δ mice, indicating that the receptor-based protein C (PC) pathway functions in regulation of hemodynamic properties in the mouse. Further, heart muscle damage was more severe in EPCRδ/δ mice as compared to WT mice after endotoxin administration, as revealed by the more elevated plasma myoglobin levels in EPCRδ/δ mice and by microscopic examination of stained heart sections. Neutrophil infiltration was more pronounced in heart tissue of EPCRδ/δ mice, perhaps in response to the greatly increased expression level of the chemokine, MIP-2, which also significantly more up-regulated in the LPS-treated EPCRδ/δ mouse cohort. In conclusion, a severe deficiency of EPCR adversely affects survival of mice subjected to continuous infusion of endotoxin, via contributions of more responsive hemodynamic and cardiac alterations, thus suggesting that, among its other functions, the PC-based receptor system has a cardioprotective role after acute inflammatory challenge.