bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peace Processes as a Double Promise: The Risk of Linking Memory and Hope in Times of Distrust
Authors: Rosoux Valérie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores the temporalities of peace processes. The objective is not to reflect on ripeness, sequences, or duration, but to question the responsibility assumed by the parties at the negotiation table. For whom do they feel responsible: past, present, and/or future generations? In other words, do they only address current urgent issues to be resolved or do they also view peace processes as opportunities to make a double promise, that is, a promise to past generations and a promise to future generations? To examine this, the article focuses on one case study, the 1963 Elysée Treaty between France and Germany. The analysis shows that this agreement is the outcome of genuine memory work (looking towards past generations) and a determined hope (looking towards future generations).
Comparison of Technetium-99m Tilmanocept to Technetium-99 Sulfur Colloid Radiotracer for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Head and Neck Melanoma
Authors: Maddineni Sainiteesh , Tosoni Sofia M. , Sunwoo John B. , Baik Fred M. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is integral to management of head and neck melanomas (HNM). Here, we evaluate how radiotracer selection (Tc-99m tilmanocept or Tc-99m sulfur colloid) and imaging modality (planar imaging or single positron emission computed tomography (SPECT)) may influence SLNB and its outcomes. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients who received SLNB for HNM at our institution between January 2000 and July 2022. Results: A total of 211 patients received Tc-99m tilmanocept (Tc-tilmanocept) and 113 received Tc-99m sulfur colloid (Tc-SC). There was no difference between Tc-tilmanocept and Tc-SC in terms of number of nodal levels to which the radiotracers localized (1.48 ± 0.93 SD vs 1.38 ± 0.93, respectively). Tc-tilmanocept had a lower rate of failed sentinel node identification as reported on radiology reports compared to Tc-SC (1.9% vs 11.5%, P < .001). There was a lower 5-year recurrence rate with Tc-tilmanocept versus Tc-SC (20.9% vs 28.3%, respectively P = .07), but this difference was not significant. When analyzing only cases in which SPECT was obtained, this there was no observed difference in 5-year recurrence rate. With SPECT, fewer patients had non-specific description of their node localization as “cervical” without further detailing of nodal basin (0% SPECT vs 9.7% non-SPECT, P < .001). Multivariable linear regression analysis for predictors of HNM 5-year recurrence found the odds ratio for SPECT imaging was 0.43, but not statistically significant ( P = .06). Conclusions: Tc-tilmanocept may be associated with greater rate of successful radiotracer migration along lymphatics compared to Tc-SC. SPECT imaging may confer more precision of the nodal basin to which radiotracer localizes as fewer patients receiving SPECT had radiology findings showing nonspecific localization of nodes to “cervical” basins without further specification. More patients are necessary to determine if Tc-tilmanocept and SPECT imaging are associated with lower melanoma recurrence rate.
Radiomics from dual-energy CT-derived iodine maps for predicting lymph node metastases in patients with resectable rectal cancer
Authors: Liu Xia , Yuan Yi , Chen Xiao-li , Fang Zhu , Liu Si-yun , Pu Hong , Li Hang 
Published: February 2025

Background Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a poor prognostic predictor and is highly correlated with local recurrence in rectal cancer patients. Objective To investigate the value of radiomics from dual-energy CT-derived iodine maps for the preoperative prediction of LNM in rectal cancer patients. Methods A total of 176 patients were enrolled in this study (training group, n = 123; validation group, n = 53). A radiomic signature was constructed via support vector machine (SVM) modeling. Seven models, including a clinical feature model (Model 1), an arterial model (Model 2), a venous model (Model 3), an arterial-venous model (Model 4), an arterial–clinical model (Model 5), a venous-clinical model (Model 6) and an arterial–venous–clinical model (Model 7), were established via logistic regression modeling. Diagnostic performance was assessed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Tumor location and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were used to construct Model 1 (training group, AUC [area under the ROC curve] = 0.721, 95% CI [confidence intervals], 0.630–0.813; validation group, AUC = 0.729, 95% CI, 0.593–0.865). Model 6 and Model 7 further improved the discriminatory performance in the training (AUC = 0.850 and 0.869, 95% CI, 0.782–0.919 and 0.807–0.932, respectively; p = 0.250) and validation groups (AUC = 0.780 and 0.716, 95% CI, 0.653–0.906 and 0.576–0.856, respectively; p = 0.115). Moreover, decision curve analysis revealed a greater net benefit with Model 6. Conclusions The combination of radiomic features based on dual-energy CT-derived iodine maps and clinical features provides better diagnostic performance for predicting LNM in rectal cancer patients.
Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Digital Study of Immunohistochemical BCL2, P53 and CD138 Expression in Low- and High-Risk Types
Authors: de Stadler Janet Lyndsay , Ramburan Amsha , Roberts Riyaadh 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the leading cancer in Caucasians globally. Certain histological types of BCC are defined as high-risk for recurrence by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Identifying biological differences, such as protein expression, between histological types could result in druggable targets and improve future management, potentially offsetting rising costs in the health sector due to an increase in the global incidence of aggressive BCC. Methods A laboratory-based, immunohistochemical study was undertaken at our institution. BCL2, P53 and CD138 antibodies were applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from low-risk and high-risk BCC types; followed by whole slide scanning and digital interpretation using QuPath software. Staining intensity, proportion and scores were assessed with the addition of BCL2 labelling and CD138 location. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA and R. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of 121 BCCs examined, 78 were low- and 43 high-risk. BCL2, P53 and CD138 tumoural expression in BCC were 78%, 91% and 100%, respectively. BCL2 staining was predominantly weak and focal while P53 and CD138 were diffuse. Significantly decreased tumoural BCL2 labelling (p = 0.04) and CD138 scores (p = 0.0035) were observed in high-risk BCCs. Conversely, significantly increased peritumoural stromal CD138 expression was observed in this category (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in P53 expression between the two categories. Conclusion The identification of decreased BCL2 labelling in high-risk BCC highlights an important area for further research to evaluate the effect BCL2 downregulation has on non-surgical therapeutic options in aggressive BCC.
Migrants’ resilience during the upheaval towards the postponed ending of the Zimbabwe Exemption Permit (ZEP) in South Africa
Authors: Mbeve Oncemore 
Published: February 2025

Summary The growing diasporan community requires carefully designed psychological support, because this population is crucial for global socioeconomic development. This article explores the role of resilience among Zimbabweans who were affected by upheavals connected to the announcement of the Zimbabwe Exemption Permits’ (ZEP) termination. This longitudinal qualitative study employed purposive and snowball sampling to recruit 31 Zimbabwean participants from Pretoria and Johannesburg. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews through a mix of WhatsApp and direct phone calls. Furthermore, unstructured observations of participants were conducted through WhatsApp statuses and regular communication through texts. Thematic data analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings The study's findings shed light on the resilience trajectory that was evident in participants. The findings focus on: discussing the background that formed the basis for resilience which includes the interruptions in their everyday lives owing to the upheavals associated with the termination of their visas. The findings further show the anxieties and worries that were caused by the news of the ending of their visas, and the evidence of resilience that followed in form of hope, coping, and bouncing back. Applications This study offers valuable insights into Zimbabwean migrants’ resilience in South Africa (SA). The findings highlight the specific challenges they face and the strategies they employ to cope, providing a framework for social workers to develop targeted interventions that promote their psychological wellbeing. This study serves as a foundation for further exploration of the multifaceted nature of migrant resilience and its implications for social work practice.
Two-year feasibility and safety of open-label autologous peripheral nerve tissue implantation during deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Quintero Jorge E , Chau Monica J , Slevin John T , Koehl Lisa , Gurwell Julie A , Wallace Elizabeth , Kryscio Richard J , El Khouli Riham , Anderson-Mooney Amelia J , Schmitt Frederick A , Gerhardt Greg A , van Horne Craig G 
Published: February 2025

Background Motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of functioning neurons in the substantia nigra. Two options exist when encountering damaged neurons: replace or support. We implemented a strategy of using autologous peripheral nerve tissue, in a reparative state, to provide a collection of neurorestorative support to unhealthy neurons with the goal of modifying the motor progression of PD. Objective Report on two-year compliance feasibility, safety, and clinical experience of combining this delivery at the time of deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. Methods Participants with PD undergoing open-label peripheral nerve tissue implantation to the substantia nigra at the time of DBS surgery were followed from pre-surgery to two years after surgery through clinical evaluations. Results Seventeen of 18 participants who underwent the procedure completed the 2-year study visits. No study-related serious adverse events occurred. Conclusions The trial met its primary endpoints of feasibility and safety. We were able to practicably and safely implant participants and have participants comply with 2-year visits and exams. Adverse events related to study participation were deemed manageable by participants.
Thiamine and Ascorbic Acid in Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Review of Evidence for their Role in Practice
Authors: Reinert Justin P. , Becker Kegan , Ohlinger Martin J. 
Published: February 2025

Objective To evaluate the evidence for the use of ascorbic acid, thiamine, or a combination of both agents without corticosteroids in the management of sepsis and septic shock. Data Sources A review of the literature was conducted through August 2023 on PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL using the following terminology: “ascorbic acid” OR “vitamin C” OR “thiamine” OR “vitamin B” OR “vitamin B 1” AND “sepsis” OR “septic shock” NOT “steroid” OR “hydrocortisone” OR “corticosteroid.” Study Selection and Data Extraction Trials that described patient outcomes, medication efficacy, and medication safety data were considered for inclusion, while reports describing the use of either or both thiamine and ascorbic acid for a non-sepsis indication and reports that were not readily translatable to English were excluded. Studies that allowed corticosteroid use in both the intervention and control cohorts as part of a standard-of-care protocol were eligible for inclusion. Data Synthesis Heterogeneity of data exists, marked by divergent quantifications for successful pharmacotherapy interventions. Whereas some data support changes in patient outcome scores or critical illness indices, others have failed to demonstrate any meaningful benefit to ICU length of stay, ventilator status, or mortality. Conclusion Exploring the individual and synergistic effects of ascorbic acid and thiamine on key pathways implicated in sepsis pathophysiology has not yielded unequivocal evidence supporting their use without concomitant corticosteroids.
Co-occurring cyber and in-person victimisation of bullying and sexual harassment: the associations to depressive symptoms in Swedish adolescents
Authors: Dahlström Albin , Dahlqvist Heléne , Gådin Katja Gillander 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Poor mental health has increased among adolescents in recent decades. Bullying and sexual harassment, both cyber and in-person, are each associated with increased depressive symptoms in adolescents and being victimised by co-occurring types is more common than just one single type of victimisation. The study aimed to investigate the association between co-occurring victimisation and depressive symptoms in adolescents when controlling for screen time, social support, physical activity, and personal relative affluence.

Method
Cross-sectional survey data from 1211 respondents (50.1% girls) aged 15–16 were used to conduct modified Poisson regression with robust error variance analyses for girls and boys separately. Four scales were used to measure cyber and in-person bullying and sexual harassment, and CESD-R10 was used to measure depressive symptoms.

Results
About 47% of girls and 20% of boys experienced all four types of victimisation, and about 12% of girls and 25% of boys experienced none of them. When controlled for all included variables, all number of victimisation types of bullying and/or sexual harassment were associated with depressive symptoms in girls. In comparison, only four types of victimisation were associated with depressive symptoms in boys.

Conclusions
The study showed that co-occurring victimisation was associated with depressive symptoms even after controlling for other relevant factors in both genders. However, in girls, all numbers of victimisation were associated with depressive symptoms.
3D exoprosthesis in socket model for dog with amputed pelvic limb: case report
Authors: de Souza Miriã Mamede Noronha , da Cunha Antonioli Marciana , dos Santos Matheus Henrique Martins , dos Santos Véras Bianca Medeiros , Carvalho Lucas Rannier Ribeiro Antonino 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Disorders of the locomotor system in dogs, such as amputations or malformations, can be not only physically but also emotionally distressing. In this context, advances in medical and technological sciences offer tools and options with the aim of improving the quality of life of animals with locomotor problems. This case report aims to describe the custom development of a 3D exoprosthesis for a dog with an amputated hind limb.

Case presentation
A female dog, mixed breed, approximately 5 years old, was admitted to the Veterinary Clinic of the Centro Universitário de João Pessoa—Brazil, with locomotor problems due to low amputation of the left hind limb, without pain or sensitivity to touch on the amputated stump. Measurements of the amputated limb were collected to create a virtual model of the 3D exoprosthesis in a socket model. After simulations and tests, the prosthesis was materialized by 3D printing in collaboration with the Brazilian company 3D Medicine©, using polylactic acid (PLA) as the main material, an organic, lightweight, and resistant synthetic thermoplastic. The exoprosthesis was covered with protective material and fixed to the animal with a compressive bandage. Immediately after fixation, the animal demonstrated support of the limb on the prosthesis while standing, better distribution of body weight and relief of load on the contralateral limb. The increase in the time of use of the prosthesis was gradual and under supervision, after four weeks the dog did not present major difficulties in walking, running, and eating, in addition, no injuries to the amputated stump were observed. Veterinary physiotherapeutic follow-up was recommended.

Conclusion
This case report describes the development of a 3D exoprosthesis for dogs as a cost-effective option to reduce the locomotor impacts of limb amputation and improve quality of life. Techniques using additive manufacturing and 3D technology have immense potential for medical application, especially in veterinary medicine due to the difference in anatomical and body structure between domestic and wild animals.
Quantifying arm swing in Parkinson’s disease: a method accounting for arm activities during free-living gait
Authors: Post Erik , Laarhoven Twan van , Raykov Yordan P. , Little Max A. , Nonnekes Jorik , Heskes Tom M. , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Evers Luc J. W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Accurately measuring hypokinetic arm swing during free-living gait in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is challenging due to other concurrent arm activities. We developed a method to isolate gait segments without these arm activities.

Methods
Wrist accelerometer and gyroscope data were collected from 25 individuals with PD and 25 age-matched controls while performing unscripted activities in their home environment. This was done after overnight withdrawal of dopaminergic medication (‘pre-medication’) and approximately one hour after intake (‘post-medication’). Using video annotations as ground truth, we trained and evaluated two classifiers: one for detecting gait and one for detecting gait segments without other arm activities. Based on the filtered gait segments, arm swing was quantified using the median and 95th percentile range of motion (RoM). These arm swing parameters were evaluated in three ways: (1) the agreement between predicted and video-annotated gait segments without other arm activities, (2) the sensitivity to differences between PD and controls, and (3) the sensitivity to the effects of dopaminergic medication.

Results
On the most affected side, the mean (SD) balanced accuracy for detecting gait without other arm activities was 0.84 (0.10) pre-medication and 0.88 (0.09) post-medication. The agreement between arm swing parameters of predicted and video-annotated gait segments without other arm activities was high irrespective of medication state (intra-class correlation coefficients: median RoM: 0.99; 95th percentile RoM: 0.97). Both the median and 95th percentile RoM were smaller in PD pre-medication compared to controls (median:

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30.63,

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10.60], p < 0.001; 95th percentile:

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28
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34
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, 95% CI [

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38.26,

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18.18], p < 0.001), and smaller in pre- compared to post-medication (median:

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21.35,

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5.59], p < 0.001; 95th percentile:

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11.14], p < 0.001). The differences in RoM between pre- and post-medication were larger after filtering gait for the median (p < 0.01) and 95th percentile RoM (p = 0.01).

Conclusions
Filtering out gait segments with other concurrent arm activities is feasible and increases the change in arm swing parameters following dopaminergic medication in free-living conditions. This approach may be used to monitor treatment effect and disease progression in daily life.
Living in the city: Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a novel threat to an urban population of Florida burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia floridana) in south Florida
Authors: Jones Håkon , Nemeth Nicole M. , Piersma Brittany , Hardman Rebecca , Shender Lisa A. , Boughton Raoul K. , Garrett Kayla B. , Castleberry Nikole , Deitschel P. J. , Teo Xuan Hui , Radisic Rebecca , Dalton Martha Frances , Yabsley Michael J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background

Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the rat lungworm, is a metastrongyloid parasite that uses rodents as definitive hosts, mollusks as intermediate hosts, and a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species as paratenic hosts. Although this parasite poses a significant public health concern in many regions of the world, it can also cause disease in numerous domestic and wildlife aberrant host species. When parasite larvae are ingested by one of these aberrant hosts, larval migration in the central nervous system causes extensive damage, resulting in spinal cord and/or brain damage and inflammation, leading to potentially fatal neurological disease. We describe A. cantonensis infection in a novel host, the Florida burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia floridana), on Marco Island, Collier County, Florida, USA. The Florida burrowing owl is a state-listed species that has experienced steep population declines across its range, primarily due to habitat loss and fragmentation. Many populations are now restricted to urban environments, which pose novel threats to the owls, such as exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides and novel pathogens, increased risk of predation, vehicular strike, and increased disturbance at nest sites.

Methods
Through diagnostic evaluation of carcasses and select tissues submitted to the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study from 2019 to 2023, we diagnosed nine confirmed or suspected cases of angiostrongylosis on Marco Island.

Results
Microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing confirmed parasite identification. In addition, ancillary testing ruled out other potential causes of neurological disease, such as rodenticides, West Nile virus, and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

Conclusions
This study underscores the importance of surveillance and monitoring efforts for A. cantonensis, particularly in regions where novel hosts may serve as indicators of public health risk. In addition, as urbanization and habitat fragmentation continue encroaching upon wildlife habitats, understanding the dynamics of host–parasite interactions becomes crucial for mitigating the spread of zoonotic diseases.

Graphical Abstract
Mycoplasma-pneumonia-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome in an adult: a case report
Authors: Yoosuf Fathima Thesleem , Al Hariri Bassem , Illahi Memon Noor , Sharif Muhammad , Yousaf Muhammad , Mohamedali Mohamed Gaafar , Khalid Muayad Kasim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Stevens–Johnson syndrome epitomizes an acute, exceptionally rare, and capricious immunological phenomenon marked by potentially life-threatening skin reactions, involvement of mucous membranes, and concomitant systemic manifestations. Most cases of Stevens–Johnson syndrome have been attributed to being triggered by drugs, while a minority have implicated infectious agents such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Coxsackie virus A6 as their cause. We present a case report on the rare occurrence of Mycoplasma-pneumoniae-induced Stevens–Johnson Syndrome in a 25-year-old Sri Lankan male adult.

Case presentation
A 25-year-old Sri Lankan male adult sought medical attention at our institution, presenting a constellation of symptoms composed of fever with chills, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, cough producing reddish sputum, and sore throat, persisting over a 4-day period; 2 days following the onset of the respiratory symptoms, he experienced ocular congestion with purulent discharge and painful oral lesions. He had associated generalized body ache and fatigue.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome is diagnosed by skin biopsy.

Conclusion
Stevens–Johnson syndrome is an acute and debilitating condition that requires prompt and timely management to ensure minimum morbidity of the patient. The similarities and overlap of features between Stevens–Johnson syndrome caused due to infectious and drug-related etiologies pose a diagnostic challenge for the physicians, which needs to be subdued using systematic research and evaluation with subsequent formulation of an evidence-based assessment and management plan to ensure safe and efficacious medical care for the patients.