bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding
Authors: Belachew Mitiku , Legrand Marc , Vincent Vernon , Lismonde Michel , Docte Nicole Le , Deschamps Veronique 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe introduced open adjustable silicone gastric banding (ASGB) for treatment of morbid obesity in our institution in 1991. It was done in a prospective study comparing ASGB with vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) with regard to weight loss. After 200 cases of open ASGB and 210 VBG procedures and the encouraging weight loss results, we started laparoscopic placement of the adjustable silicone band. The initial work was done in an animal laboratory program where a new surgical protocol has been established. Details of the laparoscopic dissection around the stomach in a deep operative field and fatty atmosphere have been developed, and a laparoscopically implantable version of the adjustable silicone band (LAGB) has been devised. The first human laparoscopic ASGB procedure was performed in our institution on September 1, 1993. Altogether 350 patients had undergone adjustable silicone gastric banding (LASGB) procedures by May 1997 (277 women, 73 men). All the patients were morbidly obese, with an average preoperative weight of 118 kg (92–200 kg). The mean BMI was 43 kg/m2 (36–65 kg/m2). The conversion rate to laparotomy has been low (1.4%). Early complications have been rare, and pouch dilatation and stomach slippage have been the only significant late complications. The rate of these complications has been considerably improved by reducing the pouch volume and using more gastrogastric sutures. Evaluation of postoperative weight loss of LASGB patients compared with our VBG and ASGB (open) patients showed a similar curve.
Endoscopic Surgery: Fit for Malignancy?
Authors: Müller J.M. , Schwenk W. , Jacobi C.A. , Böhm B. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNeither experimental nor clinical data confirm the repeatedly published opinion that video‐endoscopic surgery promotes tumor growth or the occurrence of implantation metastases in cancer patients. On the contrary, alterations due to pneumoperitoneum by the application of different gases, pressures, and temperatures might provide the basis for a new therapeutic approach to cancer surgery. Oncologically adequate resections defined by such terms as “no touch isolation” and “monobloc resection” can be performed video‐endoscopically in a variety of intraabdominally or intrathoracically located cancers if a standardized technique is used. The benefit of video‐endoscopic surgery is limited in large tumors, especially if they have reached the organ surface. There is still a major deficit in the clinical evaluation of video‐endoscopic interventions in most oncologic diseases. Randomized studies comparing video‐endoscopic and conventional surgery have been reported only for the resection of colorectal carcinoma. They show that laparoscopic resections can be performed with a minimum of postoperative complications to the same extent as conventional resections and offer several advantages during the early postoperative period. No reliable data from comparative trials are as yet available on the long‐term results.
Endoscopic Surgery: Ideal for Endocrine Surgery?
Authors: Marescaux Jacques , Mutter Didier , Vix Michel , Leroy Joel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe laparoscopic approach of endocrine tumors is recent, the first reported resection of an adrenal gland in 1992. It represents a revolution in endocrine surgery equivalent to that observed in general surgery after the first cholecystectomy was performed in 1987. This new approach needs evaluation in terms of feasibility, indications, safety, and surgical procedure to define its potential advantages. The surgical technique and operative approaches of laparoscopic adrenalectomies are at the present time well defined and mostly accepted. Pancreatic approaches and resections, thyroidectomies, and parathyroidectomies are more confidential and performed only by rare teams. Nevertheless, the development of this technique is ineluctable. The spread of this technique, partly due to the increased quality of the technologies available, especially cameras, encounter a major brake that limits its generalization: If general surgeons commonly perform laparoscopy in their daily practice, they treat few patients presenting endocrine disorders. On the other hand, endocrine surgeons to whom many patients are referred do not have regular videoscopic practice. Endocrine surgery benefit few patients for these reasons. An analysis of the present state of the art allows us to imagine the evolution and future of videoscopic endocrine surgery.
Ascaris‐induced Liver Abscess
Authors: Javid Gul , Wani Nazir A. , Gulzar Ghulam M. , Khan Bashir A. , Shah Altaf H. , Shah Omer J. , Khan Mushtaq 
Published: August 2002

Abstract.The prevalence, symptomatology, and outcome of Ascaris‐induced liver abscess was studied prospectively in Kashmir, India, which is an endemic area of ascariasis, from December 1987 to December 1997. Of 510 patients with liver abscess admitted during this period, 74 had biliary ascariasis as the cause (14.51%). Of these 74 patients, 11 had intact ascaridae (live or dead) within the abscess. Six patients had a single abscess, and five had multiple abscesses. Seven patients had associated worms in the bile ducts. Ultrasonography was the main diagnostic procedure used. Ten patients were diagnosed based on clinical and ultrasound findings, and one was diagnosed during laparotomy. Most of the patients were young (age range 3–40 years) with a mean age of 17.20 years. Seven were females, and four were males. Ten patients underwent surgery; nine recovered completely, and one died postoperatively due to septicemia. Another patient died as well: a young child who presented late, was in refractory septic shock following suppurative cholangitis and liver abscess, and could not be taken for surgery. The mortality thus was 9.9%. Liver abscess following invasion of intrahepatic biliary radicles by ascaridae through the ampulla is an unusual complication of an otherwise common disease in Kashmir Valley, affecting children and young adults. The outcome depends on early diagnosis and surgical drainage of the abscess with extraction of worms from the ducts.
Complicated Enterocutaneous Fistulas: Failure of Octreotide to Improve Healing
Authors: Alvarez Carlos , McFadden David W. , Reber Howard A. 
Published: August 2002

Abstract.Octreotide has been promoted as a potential aid during closure of enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs) on the basis of clinical and experimental evidence that it can reduce gastrointestinal secretions. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients admitted with ECF to our tertiary referral center to ascertain whether use of octreotide affected fistula duration, length of hospitalization, closure rate, and morbidity. Of 60 patients diagnosed and treated for ECF over a 4‐year period, 13 underwent a therapeutic trial with octreotide. Thirteen patients from the group who did not receive octreotide were matched by cause, location, and output of the fistula, age, and primary diagnosis to the treatment group. Octreotide was administered in therapeutic dosage for a mean course of 57 ± 29 days, resulting in a substantial acute decrease (84.7 ± 4.8%) in fistula output. Prolonged therapy nevertheless failed to affect the outcome parameters studied, particularly fistula duration, spontaneous closure rate, and length of hospitalization. There was a significantly higher incidence of septic and thrombotic complications associated with octreotide use. In this patient population with complicated ECFs, use of octreotide showed no benefit and was associated with increased morbidity.
The genetic heterogeneity of deer mouse populations (Peromyscus maniculatus) in an insular landscape
Authors: Landry Pierre‐Alexandre , Lapointe François‐Joseph 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA survey of the genetic variability in deer mouse populations was performed using specimens collected from six different islands on a lake covering approximately 50 km2. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to measure the extent of the genetic differences in this insular system. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that populations are clearly separated at this microgeographic scale (Fst = 0.13863; P < 0.001). The homogeneity of molecular variance test (HOMOVA) indicated that within‐population levels vary greatly (Bp = 0.76831; P < 0.001). The within‐population molecular variance was found to be mainly correlated with the accessibility of the islands, computed as the inverse of the geographic distance separating an island from the lakeshore (r = 0.916; P < 0.003).
Parameter identifiability of differential delay equations
Authors: Verduyn Lunel Sjoerd M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractParameter identifiability is concerned with the question whether the parameters of a specific model can be identified from knowledge about certain solutions of the model, assuming perfect data. In this paper we shall consider conditions for identifiability of parameters and time delays in infinite dimensional dynamical systems, described by linear differential delay equations, assuming knowledge of particular solutions on bounded time intervals. We shall show how methods from operator theory can be exploited to give necessary and sufficient conditions which guarantee that the inverse problem has a unique solution. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recurrent leg ulcers and arterial thrombosis in a 33‐year‐old homozygous variant of antithrombin
Authors: Shimizu Kazuhiro , Toriyama Fumi , Ogawa Fumihide , Katayama Ichiro , Okajima Kenji 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report here a homozygous variant case of antithrombin (AT) associated with arterial thrombosis and recurrent leg ulcers. The deep vein thrombosis was recognized by the venogram of his pelvic veins. His leg ulcers were scattered around his left ankle and accompanied by lipodermatosclerosis, which was evident in venous insufficiency. The propositus had developed cerebral infarction 12 years prior to his leg ulcers. Coagulation study showed low heparin cofactor activity of his AT with a normal level of immunoreactive AT. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the exon 2 of his AT gene showed Arg47‐Cys mutation, leading to the lack of affinity of AT for heparin. The propositus is a homozygote for this abnormality. Am. J. Hematol. 66:285–291, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Marital status and age at natural menopause: Considering pheromonal influence
Authors: Leidy Sievert Lynnette , Waddle Diane , Canali Kristophor 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMarried women generally report a later mean age at menopause. The results reported here, from a study carried out in Greene County, New York, are no exception. Married and widowed women report a later mean age at natural menopause compared to single and divorced women (P < 0.05). To better understand the relationship between marital status and age at menopause, possible mechanistic and confounding variables are examined, in particular parity, sexual activity, smoking habits, level of education, and income. Parity and income 10 years prior to interview are significant factors, along with marital status, that explain part of the variation in age at natural menopause. An alternative explanation is the pheromonal influence of a male in the household. This would explain the consistency of results across populations. This pilot study supports further biochemical investigation. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 13:479–485, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between three functional polymorphisms of dopamine D2 receptor gene and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia
Authors: Hori Hiroko , Ohmori Osamu , Shinkai Takahiro , Kojima Hideki , Nakamura Jun 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene is considered one of the candidate genes contributing to the development of tardive dyskinesia (TD). In the present study, we investigated the genetic association between three functional polymorphisms (Ser311Cys, −141C Ins/Del and TaqI A) in the DRD2 gene and TD (200 patients with schizophrenia: 44 with TD and 156 without TD). No significant difference in the allelic and genotypic distribution between patients with TD and those without TD was observed. However, we found a slightly significant association between the −141C Ins/Del polymorphism and the total Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score (P = 0.037). The significant association between the −141C Ins/Del polymorphism and the total AIMS score did not remain after the regression analysis was taken into account (P = 0.14). Our results suggest that that three functional polymorphisms in DRD2 may not play a major role in the occurrence of TD. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome (OAFNS) in a nine‐month‐old male
Authors: Ishmael Holly A. , Begleiter Michael L. , Regier Elizabeth J. , Butler Merlin G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report a nine‐month‐old Caucasian male with features seen in oculoauriculovertebral spectrum (OAVS) and frontonasal dysplasia sequence (FND) born to normal, non‐consanguineous parents and review the literature. His malformations included a left pre‐auricular skin tag, severely hypoplastic right pinna without an external canal, severely everted and hypoplastic left upper eyelid, bilateral cleft lip and palate, bifid broad nasal tip, ocular hypertelorism, micrognathia, hypoplastic mandible, an extra cervical rib on the left, hemivertebrae at T3–4, agenesis of the posterior corpus callosum with a midline lipoma, and an extra renal pelvis. This constellation of anomalies is consistent with the diagnosis of oculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome (OAFNS) which appears to be a distinct condition from either OAVS or FND but with overlapping features. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ABCD syndrome is caused by a homozygous mutation in the EDNRB gene
Authors: Verheij Joke B.G.M. , Kunze Jürgen , Osinga Jan , van Essen Anthonie J. , Hofstra Robert M.W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractABCD syndrome is an autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by albinism, black lock, cell migration disorder of the neurocytes of the gut (Hirschsprung disease [HSCR]), and deafness. This phenotype clearly overlaps with the features of the Shah‐Waardenburg syndrome, comprising sensorineural deafness; hypopigmentation of skin, hair, and irides; and HSCR. Therefore, we screened DNA of the index patient of the ABCD syndrome family for mutations in the endothelin B receptor (EDNRB) gene, a gene known to be involved in Shah‐Waardenburg syndrome. A homozygous nonsense mutation in exon 3 (R201X) of the EDNRB gene was found. We therefore suggest that ABCD syndrome is not a separate entity, but an expression of Shah‐Waardenburg syndrome. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Short bi‐iliac distance in prenatal Ullrich‐Turner syndrome
Authors: Hartling Ulla B. , Fischer Hansen Birgit , Keeling Jean W. , Skovgaard Lene T. , Kjær Inger 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of the present study is to evaluate the bi‐iliac distance and the caudo‐cranial position of the iliac bones in Ullrich‐Turner syndrome (UTS) fetuses compared to recently published standards for normal fetuses. Whole‐body radiographs in antero‐posterior projections of 24 UTS fetuses (crown‐rump lengths, 106–220 mm) were included in the study. From each radiograph, two horizontal (outer and inner bi‐iliac distances) and two vertical (caudo‐cranial) positions compared to the vertebral column were measured to estimate the position of the iliac bones. The present investigation revealed that both the outer and inner bi‐iliac distances were significantly shorter in UTS fetuses than in normal fetuses. We also found that for the inner bi‐iliac distance, the growth rate in UTS fetuses was significantly lower than in normal fetuses. This finding suggests not only a lesser growth but also a different growth pattern compared to normal fetuses. Regarding the caudo‐cranial position of the iliac bones compared to the lower vertebral column, there was no significant difference for the lower caudo‐cranial position, but the upper caudo‐cranial position was significantly lower in UTS fetuses than in normal fetuses. The bi‐iliac distance and the iliac bone position have not previously been described in Ullrich‐Turner syndrome fetuses. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A rec(4) dup 4p inherited from a maternal inv(4)(p15q35): Case report and review
Authors: Garcia‐Heras Jaime , Martin Judith 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA rec(4) dup 4p inherited from a maternal inv(4)(p15q35) was detected in a four‐year‐old girl with malformations, developmental delay, and behavioral problems that resemble those for trisomy 4p. A review of eight other liveborns with rec(4) dup 4p shows that about 40% of them also have manifestations in common with trisomy 4p, but the rest have a variable spectrum of malformations. Overall, the rec(4) dup 4p phenotype is not specific, and a diagnosis would not have been feasible without cytogenetic studies. This lack of a clinically recognizable phenotype could reflect the effects of the variable sizes of deletions of 4q, molecular differences in the break points, or the known variable expression of trisomy 4p. The fact that 79% of the recombinants in the offspring of inv(4)(p13‐p15q35) carriers are rec(4) dup 4p suggests that meiotic recombination favors its generation or that rec(4) dup 4q are more lethal in utero. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spondylocarpotarsal synostosis with epiphyseal dysplasia
Authors: Honeywell Christina , Langer Leonard , Allanson Judith 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report on an 11‐year‐old boy with thoracolumbar fusion, carpal synostosis, short stature, scoliosis, lordosis, defective dentition, and recurrent otitis media consistent with the diagnosis of spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome. Unlike other documented cases, radiographs of our patient at 5½ years of age show delay in ossification of many of the epiphyses in addition to delay in carpal ossification. Such delay may have contributed to the distinctly short stature of this boy. This report both confirms and extends the phenotype of this recently delineated syndrome. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lack of association of the two polymorphisms in alpha‐2 macroglobulin with Alzheimer disease
Authors: Poduslo S.E. , Shook B. , Drigalenko E. , Yin X. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAlzheimer disease is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by cognitive decline and distinct neuropathology. The gene for alpha‐2 macroglobulin (A2M) on chromosome 12 has two polymorphisms that, in some cases, are associated with Alzheimer disease. We examined these two polymorphisms in our families in the DNA Bank (a collection of DNA samples from families with Alzheimer disease in Texas). Using both association studies and sib transmission/disequilibrium tests, we found no association of the two polymorphisms with the disease in our collection. In addition, we did not find an association of the disease with the two polymorphisms in A2M in a small subset of National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) families. Thus, our studies do not support the A2M polymorphisms as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of the tryptophan hydroxylase gene with smoking initiation but not progression to nicotine dependence
Authors: Sullivan Patrick F. , Jiang Yuxin , Neale Michael C. , Kendler Kenneth S. , Straub Richard E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe investigated the association between two markers in the seventh intron of the tryptophan hydroxylase gene (TPH C218A and C779A) in a population‐based case control study of 780 genotyped subjects. As in prior studies, the two markers were in strong linkage disequilibrium. The phenotypes we studied were smoking initiation and progression to nicotine dependence. Allele, genotype, and estimated haplotype frequencies for each marker were highly significantly different for smoking initiation (P < 0.0004 for each comparison) and were nonsignificant for progression to nicotine dependence. An empirical test suggested that the positive results were unlikely to have resulted from population stratification. Our results are similar to those of Lerman et al. [2001: Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatr Genet) 105:000–000] in associating these TPH markers with a construct related to smoking initiation but dissimilar in the variable implicated. If these results replicate in other samples, the serotonergic system may be involved in the etiology of smoking initiation given the rate‐limiting role of TPH in the biosynthesis of serotonin. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Common polymorphisms in LRP and A2M do not affect genetic risk for Alzheimer disease in Northern Ireland
Authors: McIlroy Stephen P. , Dynan Kevin B. , Vahidassr D Jamil , Lawson John T. , Patterson Christopher C. , Passmore Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractGenetic variation in one of the major APOE receptors in the brain has been associated with increased risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). A C/T polymorphism in exon 3 and a tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism in the 5′ region of the low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein gene have been reported to increase risk in some studies but these reports have not been universally replicated. In addition, genetic variation in another ligand of LRP, alpha‐2 macroglobulin (A2M), has also been associated with increased AD risk. However, these reports also remain controversial. We have genotyped both LRP polymorphisms and two polymorphisms in the A2M gene in a large group of clinically well‐defined AD cases and controls from the relatively genetically homogeneous Northern Ireland population. Comparison of genotype and allele frequencies for polymorphisms in LRP revealed no significant differences between cases and controls. Multiple logistic regression analysis performed to assess any possible interaction between LRP and APOE revealed little evidence for genetic interaction despite the obvious biological interaction. Genotype and allele comparisons between the groups for the A2M polymorphisms also gave no evidence that either polymorphism increased risk for disease. The results from this study indicate that polymorphisms in LRP and A2M are not associated with increased risk for AD in Northern Ireland. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mutation analysis of the retinoid X receptor beta, nuclear‐related receptor 1, and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha genes in schizophrenia and alcohol dependence: Possible haplotype association of nuclear‐related receptor 1 gene to alcohol dependence
Authors: Ishiguro Hiroki , Okubo Yoshiro , Ohtsuki Tsuyuka , Yamakawa‐Kobayashi Kimiko , Arinami Tadao 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBecause retinoid cascades are involved in the regulation and development of the central nervous system, including dopaminergic neurons, retinoic acid signaling defects may contribute to schizophrenia and substances dependence. Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) form heterodimer complexes with nuclear‐related receptor 1 (NURR1) or with peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs). We examined 48 Japanese patients with schizophrenia and 32 patients with alcohol dependence to detect mutations in the retinoid X receptor beta gene (RXRB) on chromosome 6p21.3, the NURR1 gene (NR4A2) on chromosome 2q22–q23, and the PPAR alpha gene (PPARA) on chromosome 22q12.2–13.1. A Val95Ala polymorphism of the RXRB gene, a Val227Ala polymorphism in the PPARA gene, and two synonymous single‐nucleotide and CA repeat polymorphisms in the 5′ region and 3′ untranslated region of the NR4A2 gene were identified. Extended case control samples did not suggest an association between the diseases and the RXRB or PPARA polymorphisms. However, they revealed a significant association between the NR4A2 gene haplotype and alcohol dependence, indicating that 2q22–q23 including the NR4A2 gene locus is a possible genomic region contributing to genetic susceptibility to alcohol dependence. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.