bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Synthesis of (E)-4-Alkoxy-2-formylamino-3-butenoic Acid Derivatives Utilizing 3-Alkoxy-1-isocyano-1-lithiopropenes
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Akamatsu Hideki , Irisawa Susumu , Takahashi Masaki , Morikawa Osamu , Konishi Hisatoshi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The title amino acid derivatives have been prepared in two steps from 3-alkoxy-1-isocyanopropenes. The key step is the alkoxycarbonylation of 3-alkoxy-1-isocyano-1-lithiopropenes with alkyl chloroformates to afford the corresponding 4-alkoxy-2-isocyano-3-butenoates, which are readily converted to the title compounds by acidic hydrolysis.
Periselective [4π+2π] Cycloaddition Reactions of 3-Ethoxy Carbonyl-2H-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one with Aralkenes
Authors: Nair Vijay , Nair Anilkumar G , Rath Nigam P , Eigendorf Guenter K 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The periselective [4π+2π] cycloaddition reactions of 3-ethoxycarbonyl-2H-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one with different aralkenes is described. The exclusive formation of [4π+2π] adducts in these reactions has been rationalised by MNDO and AM1 calculations.
Homogeneous DNA Hydrolysis by Cerium(IV)/Lanthanide(III)/Dextran Ternary Complexes
Authors: Sumaoka Jun , Kajimura Ayako , Ohno Masayuki , Komiyama Makoto 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Homogeneous solutions for DNA hydrolysis are prepared from cerium(IV) ion, lanthanide(III) ion, and dextran. When [Ce(IV)] = 10, [Pr(III)] = 5, and [dextran (monomeric residue)] = 20 mmol dm−3 at pH 7.0 and 50 °C, the pseudo-first-order rate constant for the hydrolysis of thymidylyl(3′→5′)thymidine (TpT) is 0.10 h−1.
New Troponoid Liquid Crystalline Compounds, 5-Alkoxy-2-(4-alkoxybenzoylamino)tropones
Authors: Mori Akira , Hirayama Ken , Kato Nobuo , Takeshita Hitoshi , Ujiie Seiji 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The X-ray crystallographic structural analysis of 5-butoxy-2-(4-methoxybenzoylamino)tropone, a liquid crystalline compound, revealed to form the head-to-tail dimer, in which a CH-π interaction between the benzoyl π-system and the β-hydrogen of the 5-butoxy group on the tropone ring of the neighboring molecule as well as intermolecular π-π stacking interactions with the two tropone systems. On the other hand, 2-(4-alkoxybenzoylamino)-5-methoxytropone lacking the β-hydrogen and the corresponding benzenoid, N-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-4-alkoxybenzamide were non-mesogenic.
Preparation of ZnO Films on Sapphire (0001) Substrates by Alternate Supply of Zinc Acetate and H2O
Authors: Kobayashi Kenkichiro , Okudaira Shinji 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
ZnO films have been prepared by alternate supply of zinc acetate and H2O. A rate of film growth is nearly equal to an ideal rate expected for atomic layer epitaxy when both zinc acetate and H2O are sufficiently supplied. The morphology of ZnO films is affected by amount of zinc acetate and H2O per cycles.
Formation of Cobaltadithiolene in a One-Pot Reaction among [Co(Cp)(CO)2], α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls, and Elemental Sulfur
Authors: Sugimori Akira , Suzuki Kazutake , Nozawa Sho-hei , Soma Akira , Sugiyama Toru , Kajitani Masatsugu , Akiyama Takeo 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
A one-pot reaction among [(Cp)Co(CO)2], some α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, and elemental sulfur gives cobaltadithiolene complexes, [(Cp)Co(S2C2XY)]. The reaction affords a convenient synthesis of the cobaltadithiolene rings having aldehyde and ketone groups. The reaction involves the formal dehydrogenation of alkene presumably via cooperative interactions with sulfur and [(Cp)Co] species.
Studies on the Reaction Mechanism of CH4/CO2 Reforming over Co/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors: Lu Yong , Yu Changchun , Xue Jinzhen , Liu Yu , Shen Shikong 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
XPS/AES and pulse reaction characterizations were combined to study the reaction mechanism of CH4/CO2 reforming to syngas over Co/γ-Al2O3. Surface carbide carbons formed from CH4 dissociation were active C species for CO generation. Metallic Co species played an important role in dissociating CH4 to form carbide carbon and H2, abstracting an O atom from CO2 molecule, and transferring O atom to carbide to form CO.
Regioselective Introduction of 2-Propynyl Groups into the C-2 or C-3 Position of Furanoside Ring
Authors: Kubota Dai , Mitsunobu Oyo 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The reaction of methyl 2,3-anhydro-α-d-ribofuranoside or methyl 2,3-anhydro-5,6-O-cyclohexylidene-α-d-allofuranoside with 2-propynyl metallic reagents exclusively gave the corresponding 2-C-(2-propynyl)-arabino-pentofuranosides and 2-C-(2-propynyl)-altro-hexofuranosides, respectively. In contrast, the β-anomers were selectively attacked at the position 3 to afford the corresponding 3-C-(2-propynyl)furanosides.
Organoaluminum-Promoted Rearrangement of Epoxysilanes to α-Silylaldehydes
Authors: Ooi Takashi , Kiba Toshitaka , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Selective rearrangement of epoxysilanes to α-silylaldehydes has been achieved with high efficiency by using exceptionally bulky oxygenophilic methylaluminum bis(4-bromo-2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide) (MABR) as a stoichiometric reagent. Catalytic use of MABR led to silyl enol ethers in good yield.
Novel Formation of Nitrate and Ammonium Ions by Reaction of Inorganic Molybdenum Nitride with Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Mizuno Noritaka , Nakajima Hitoshi , Tanaka Hitoshi , Kudo Tetsuichi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
A reaction of molybdenum nitride with hydrogen peroxide was characterized by elemental analysis, 14N NMR, IR, XPS, TOF mass, and TG/DTA spectroscopy and acid/base, ammonia, and peroxo titration with NaOH, indophenol, and KMnO4 reagents, respectively. It was found that nitrate and ammonium ions as well as peroxoisopolymolybdates were produced by the reaction.
Spectroelectrochemical Characterization of Quinohemoprotein Alcohol Dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter suboxydans
Authors: Torimura Masaki , Kano Kenji , Ikeda Tokuji , Ueda Teruhisa 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Direct electron transfer of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) from Gluconobacter suboxydans, which contains one pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and four hemes c, are realized on a carbon-wool column electrode. Potential-dependent spectral change monitored with a photodiode array detector is well explained by a five-step Nernstian electron transfer model. The evaluated redox potentials are reasonable to explain the chemical reactivity of ADH with various redox reagents.
Syntheses and Properties of π-Conjugated Polymers Containing Chromophore. 1. Water-Soluble Small-Bandgap Polymer Backbone
Authors: Aota Hiroyuki , Reikan Takeshi , Matsumoto Akira , Kamachi Mikiharu 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Water-soluble polymers were prepared from pyrrole and sodium o-benzaldehydesulfonate by addition-condensation polymerization. The bandgap of the polymer obtained was estimated to be less than 0.5 eV.
Synthesis of Silyl Enol and Silyl Dienol Ethers of 20-Oxosteroids: The Effect of β-Substituents
Authors: Moreno Maria José S M , Martins Rosa Maria L M , Melo Maria Luísa Sá e , Neves André S Campos 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
An efficient method to obtain regioselectively the title compounds is described. Experimental studies concerning the effect of β-substituents on the generation of β-substituted silyl enol ethers made feasible for the first time the isolation and identification of the products resulting from the unstable thermodynamic silyl enol ether.
Photoinduced Hydrogen Evolution Using Cytochrome c3 as a Mediator
Authors: Hiraishi Tomohiro , Kimura Eiichi , Kamachi Toshiaki , Okura Ichiro 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Photoreduction of cytochrome c3 using proflavin was investigated and photoinduced hydrogen evolution with hydrogenase using cytochrome c3 as an electron carrier was established. The photoexcited proflavin was quenched by triethanolamine, followed by cytochrome c3 reduction, and hydrogen evolution catalyzed by hydrogenase.
Intensity Enhancement of the Infrared Transmission Spectra of p-Nitrobenzoic Acid by the Presence of the Pb Films
Authors: Yoshidome Toshifumi , Inoue Toshihito , Kamata Satsuo 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Infrared transmission spectra of p-nitrobenzoic acid deposited on a Pb film evaporated on a KBr substrate were measured in the Pb film thickness region 0 to 150 nm. The enhancement of the infrared spectrum with the use of the Pb film was first observed. The dependence of the enhancement factor on the Pb film thickness was peculiar, and was discussed together with the structure of the Pb films to clarify the mechanism.
Chemistry and Antimicrobial Activities of 3,5,7,9-Decatetrayn-2-ol and Related Compounds
Authors: Yamaguchi Masahiko , Park Hyeon-Joo , Hirama Masahiro 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Unstable 3,5,7,9-octatetrayn-2-ol showed potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. Its trimethylsilyl derivative, which possessed much improved stability, showed comparable activity. It is due to desilylation under neutral aqueous conditions.
Raman Spectroscopic Study on the Two Distinct Solvated Structures of p-Nitroaniline in Acetonitrile
Authors: Mohanalingam Kathaperumal , Hamaguchi Hiro-o 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Structure of the two distinct forms of p-nitroaniline (pNA) associated with solvent acetonitrile (AN) has been elucidated by a curve fitting analysis of the observed Raman spectra of pNA in AN/CCl4 mixed solvents.
Irregularity in Opsin Shifts of Hydroretinochromes
Authors: Tsujimoto Kazuo , Iida Kaoru , Sheves Mordechai , Ohashi Mamoru 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Hydroretinochromes were reconstituted with aporetinochrome and hydroretinal analogues; 7,8-dihydroretinal, 5,6-dihydroretinal, dehydroretinal, and their analogues. The ‘opsin shifts’ were 2200 ± 100 cm−1 for trienals and pentaenals, whereas 1600 ± 100 cm−1 was the value for tetraenals.
A Series of Oxorhenium(V) Complexes Containing Tridentate Tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine Bearing One Free 2-Pyridylmethyl Arm
Authors: Sugimoto Hideki , Sasaki Yoichi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (tpa) coordinates to oxorhenium(V) with two pyridyl and one amino nitrogen atoms leaving one 2-pyridylmethyl arm uncoordinated, giving a series of complexes, [Re(O)(L)(η3-tpa)]+ (L is chelating dianion), due to strong trans influence of the oxo ligand.
Synthesis of an Optically Active α-Tetralone: A Key Intermediate to Natural Benanomicinone
Authors: Nishizuka Toshio , Hirosawa Sehei , Tsushima Masaki , Kondo Shinichi , Ikeda Daishiro 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
An optically active dihydroxy-α-tetralone was synthesized from methyl α-d-xylopyranoside via dimethyl (2R,3S)-dihydroxyglutarate. This α-tetralone is a key intermediate to construct the natural benanomicinone.
Two Step Conversion of Selenothioacetic Acid S-Butyl Ester to 1,3-Oxaselenolanes via Regio- and Stereoselective Ring Opening of Oxiranes
Authors: Murai Toshiaki , Fujii Makiko , Kato Shinzi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The reaction of the lithium eneselenolate generated from selenothioacetic acid S-butyl ester with oxiranes proceeded regio- and stereoselectively to give β-hydroxyethyl vinyl selenides in good yields. The acid-catalyzed cyclization of β-hydroxyethyl vinyl selenides was complete within 5 min to give 1,3-oxaselenolanes.
Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Isoxazolidines by Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrones
Authors: Ukaji Yutaka , Taniguchi Katsumi , Sada Kazunori , Inomata Katsuhiko 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones possessing electron withdrawing group to an achiral allyl alcohol was achieved by the use of diisopropyl (R,R)-tartrate as a chiral auxiliary to afford the corresponding isoxazolidines with high regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivity.
The Ring-Opening Reaction of 3,3,3-Trifluoropropene Oxide with Carbanions: Reaction of α-Cyanocarbanions
Authors: Katagiri Toshimasa , Akizuki Makoto , Kuriyama Tomoyuki , Shinke Satoshi , Uneyama Kenji 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Nucleophilic ring-opening reaction of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene oxide (TFPO) was studied. Reaction of TFPO with carbanions stabilized by cyano group gave γ-cyanohydrins in moderate to good yields. Meanwhile, reaction of the carbanions from malonic ester and nitromethane resulted in recovery of TFPO.
A Free Radical in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Investigated by EPR
Authors: Nakagawa Kouichi , Tsuchihasi Nobuaki 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
We have detected a free radical in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and have identified as ascorbyl radical using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). EPR spectrum of the radical in CSF was compared with one in the corresponding serum. Determination of the ascorbyl radical concentrations in CSF and serum was attempted using known concentrations of a nitroxyl radical. Moreover, an alternative method to measure the biological radical was provided.
A Novel Octanuclear Copper(I) Complex with a Compressed Square Antiprismatic Cu8 Core
Authors: Kawamoto Tatsuya , Ohkoshi Naoki , Nagasawa Isoroku , Kuma Hiro , Kushi Yoshihiko 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
A novel octanuclear copper(I) complex, which has a compressed square antiprismatic core of copper atoms (Cu···Cu = av. 2.651(9) Å), was prepared by the reaction of copper(II) acetate with 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzothiazoline.
Molecularly Imprinted Uniform-Sized Polymer-Based Stationary Phase for Naproxen
Authors: Haginaka Jun , Takehira Hisako , Hosoya Ken , Tanaka Nobuo 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
A molecularly imprinted uniform-sized polymer-based stationary phase for (S)-naproxen has been prepared using 4-vinylpyridine and ethylenedimethacrylate as a host functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively. The imprinted polymer material could separate naproxen enantiomers with separation factor of 1.74. Further, the materials showed high selectivity for naproxen and moderate selectivity for other 2-arylpropionic acid derivatives. On the other hand, the imprinted polymer material showed little selectivity for other acidic, basic and neutral compounds.
Gas Separation at the Solid-Solid Interface of a Piezoelectric Bimorph Using an Electric Field
Authors: Seto Takatoshi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
A new system for controlling gas separation through the solid-solid interface of a piezoelectric bimorph and using an applied electric field was made. By applying vapor deposition of metal (aluminum) to a surface of the bimorph, we created a field-induced aperture at the interface of nanometer dimensions. The device provided separation of H2 and CO2 slightly higher than theoretical Knudsen values. The permeation rates were significantly affected by imposed electric fields.
The First Ligand Oxidation of Cobalt(III) Thiolato Complex by Molecular Dioxygen
Authors: Yamanari Kazuaki , Kawamoto Tatsuya , Kushi Yoshihiko , Komorita Takashi , Fuyuhiro Akira 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The first ligand oxidation of Co(III)-bound thiolates by molecular dioxygen is realized in the presence of active charcoal. Three oxidation products are characterized by UV/VIS absorption and 13C NMR spectra and X-ray crystal analysis.
High Utility of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Harboring Rat Liver Cytochrome P450 1A2 cDNA in Haloethanes Dehalogenations
Authors: Yanagita Kazutaka , Sagami Ikuko , Shimizu Toru 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Yeast harboring rat liver P450 1A2 efficiently degraded trichloroethylene, pentachloroethane and hexachloroethane. Since liver P450s catalyze degradation of thousands of chemicals, this method is promising for chemical-directed degradation of environmental pollutants.
Synthetic Studies toward Potent Cytotoxic Agent Amphidinolide B : Synthesis of the Entire C14-C26 Moiety of the Top Half
Authors: Chakraborty Tushar K , Thippeswamy Devasamudram , Suresh Vayalakkada R , Jayaprakash Sarva 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Regioselective hydroboration of a 4-methyl-2-alkene, oxidation of the resulting mixture of isomeric alcohols, and finally diastereoselective reduction of the ketone are the key steps in the stereoselective synthesis of C19-C26 fragment of amphidinolide B which was coupled with the C14-C18 fragment leading to the first synthesis of the entire C14-C26 moiety of this important molecule.
Synthetic Studies toward Potent Cytotoxic Agent Amphidinolide B: Synthesis of the Entire Cl-C13 Moiety of the Bottom Half
Authors: Chakraborty Tushar K , Suresh Vayalakkada R 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation and Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi’s Cr(II)-mediated coupling between an α-alkoxyaldehyde and a vinyl iodide are the key steps in the stereoselective synthesis of the entire C1-C13 segment of the bottom-half of amphidinolide B.
Oxidation Mechanism of NAD Dimer Model Compounds
Authors: Patz Matthias , Kuwahara Yoshihiro , Suenobu Tomoyoshi , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The oxidation of a dimeric N-benzyldihydronicotinamide with various oxidants such as quinones, triphenyl carbenium ions and a triplet exited tris(bipyridine) ruthenium(II) complex occurs via initial outer-sphere electron transfer followed by fast C–C bond cleavage and second electron transfer. The kinetic studies allow the determination of the oxidation potential of this compound.
Combined Effect of Bulkiness and NH···S Hydrogen Bonding Controls the Formation of Terminal and Bridging Hydrazine Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Thiolate Ligands
Authors: Mashima Kazushi , Kaneyoshi Hiromu , Kaneko Sei-ichi , Tani Kazuhide , Nakamura Akira 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The coordinatively unsaturated 16 electron ruthenium-thiolate complexes (η6-C6H6)Ru(S-2,6-C6H3Me2)2 (1) and (η6-C6Me6)Ru(S2C6H4) (2: S2C6H4 = 1,2-benzenedithiolate) react with an excess of hydrazine hydrate to afford a mononuclear η1-hydrazine complex (η6-C6H6)Ru(η1-NH2NH2)(S-2,6-C6H3Me2)2 (3) and a dinuclear μ-hydrazine complex [(η6-C6Me6)Ru(S2C6H4)]2(μ-NH2NH2) (4), respectively.
5,8,17,20-Tetrakis(3,5-di-t-butylphenyl)-6,7,18,19-tetradehydrotetrathia[24]annulene-(4.0.4.0) and Its Dianion: New Thiophene-Derived Paratropic and Diatropic Annulenes
Authors: Kurata Hiroyuki , Baba Hiroshige , Oda Masaji 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
5,8,17,20-Tetrakis(3,5-di-t-butylphenyl)-6,7,18,19-tetradehydrotetrathia[24]annulene (4.0.4.0) shows clear paratropicity (antiaromaticity) and highly amphoteric redox properties, whereas the dianion obtained by its alkali metal reduction strong diatropicity (aromaticity) as a novel 26π-electron system.
Synthesis and Photoinduced Electron Transfer Processes in Ru(II)(bpy)2/Os(III)(bpy)2-Based Triad Complexes Containing Functionalized Diimide Ligands
Authors: Hossain Md Delower , Haga Masa-aki , Monjushiro Hideaki , Gholamkhass Bobak , Nozaki Koichi , Ohno Takeshi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
The charge separated(CS) state was efficiently formed as a result of stepwise electron transfer reactions in a novel Ru(II)(bpy)2-diimide-Os(III)(bpy)2 triad system (efficiency &gt; 0.7); the rate of electron transfer and the charge separation yield were determined from picosecond time-resolved absorption spectra.
Synthesis and Structure of Unprecedented Carboxylate-bridged Heteronuclear Cr(III)-Nd(III) Complex
Authors: Sakagami Narumi , Tsunekawa Masayuki , Konno Takumi , Okamoto Ken-ichi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Chromium(III)-lanthanide(III) hetero-polynuclear complex was synthesized and characterized. The structure of [Cr2Nd3(μ-OOCCH3)6(μ-OH)6(H2O)9]Br3·NaBr·8H2O (1) was determined by X-ray analysis.
Preparation and Characterization of α-Amylase Immobilized Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Membrane Using Chitosan as a Dispersant in the Sol-Gel Process
Authors: Cho Gyoujin , Moon Il-Shik , Lee Jae-Suk 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
A new method for immobilizing α-amylase in a hybrid inorganic/organic membrane has been developed for the purpose of potential applications as a membrane bioreactor in aqueous phase. It has been found that chitosan can act as an enzyme-stabilizing host and a dispersant which can homogeneously mix an inorganic (SiO2) phase and an organic (polymer) phase. The optimum conditions in preparing the membrane were determined. The resulting microscopically homogeneous membranes were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, and water stability. It was found that the enzyme-incorporated membrane showed a very stable activity for the period of our experimental set-up (30 days).
Ag Coated SiC/YBCO Composite Prepared by the Plasma Activated Sintering Method
Authors: Kuroda Masanori , Yokogawa Kiyoshi , Tsutsumoto Takahiro , Yanagisawa Osamu 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
YBCO/Ag coated SiC composites containing 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0 wt% whisker were prepared by the conventional plasma activated sintering method (PAS) at 973-1,103 K. SiC whisker was covered with Ag thin film by electroless coating method to suppress interfacial reaction between superconductor and SiC whisker. It was shown that superconducting transition occured at 90 K in the specimen with 3 wt% of Ag coated SiC whisker.
Tellurium Nanorods and Nanowires Prepared by the Microwave-Polyol Method
Authors: Zhu Ying-Jie , Hu Xian-Luo 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Tellurium nanorods and nanowires have been successfully prepared in liquid phase by the microwave-polyol method without using any seed, or template or surfactant. The reduction of tellurium dioxide by ethylene glycol and formation of Te nanorods and nanowires were achieved by microwave heating at 185 °C for 30 min. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscope.
Phosphate-mediated ZnO Nanosheets with a Mosaic Structure
Authors: Imai Hiroaki , Iwai Satoko , Yamabi Satoshi 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Seaweed-like ZnO sheets consisting of wurtzite-type nanoplates with a thickness less than 5 nm were grown in an aqueous solution system containing phosphate anions. The platy crystals were formed with specific adsorption of phosphate anions on the (001) plane.
Self-assembled Monolayer of Light-harvesting 1 and Reaction Center (LH1-RC) Complexes Isolated from Rhodospirillum rubrum on an Amino-Terminated ITO Electrode
Authors: Ogawa Makiko , Shinohara Kiyoshi , Nakamura Yukari , Suemori Yoshiharu , Nagata Morio , Iida Kouji , Gardiner Alastair T , Cogdell Richard J , Nango Mamoru 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
LH1-RC complexes isolated from Rhodospirillum rubrum were successfully assembled onto an ITO electrode modified with aminopropylsilane. Efficient energy transfer and photocurrent responses of the complexes were observed upon illumination at 880 nm.
Hybrid Reagent of Ammonium Hydrogen Fluoride and Scandium Triflate: Highly Efficient Catalyst for Ring-opening Fluorination of 2,3-Epoxyalcohols
Authors: Itoh Yoshimitsu , Jang Sejin , Ohba Siho , Mikami Koichi 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Ring-opening fluorination of 2,3-epoxy-alcohol is one of the most important ways of introducing fluorine atom into functionalized organic compounds. Catalytic ring-opening fluorination is shown to give excellent yield (88%) by catalytic amount of scandium triflate (Sc(OTf)3) in DME.
Theoretical Calculations on Electronic Structure and Catalytic Reaction of Organo-f-element Complexes
Authors: Luo Yi , Selvam Parasuraman , Koyama Michihisa , Kubo Momoji , Miyamoto Akira 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
The use of lanthanide complexes as catalysts in organic synthesis is currently of intense interest. In particular, organolanthanide complexes are of rapidly growing importance, and hence the understanding of the binding behavior of f orbital as well as the ionic/covalent characteristics of lanthanocene-based complexes is of significance with respect to their reactivity and their role as catalyst in organic synthesis. The purpose of this review is to give a survey of recent progress in theoretical studies on organo-f-element complexes and to highlight successful applications of density functional and quantum chemical molecular dynamics methods.