bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proteomic investigation into etoposide chemo‐resistance of neuroblastoma cell lines
Authors: Urbani Andrea , Poland Julia , Bernardini Sergio , Bellincampi Lorenza , Biroccio Antonino , Schnölzer Martina , Sinha Pranav , Federici Giorgio 
Published: January 2005

AbstractNeuroblastoma, one of the most common pediatric solid tumors, originates from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system and is responsible for approximately 15% of all childhood cancer deaths. Among the several antineoplastic drugs used in neuroblastoma chemotherapeutic protocols, topoisomerase inhibitors (i.e., etoposide) represent the most commonly used. Several resistance mechanisms limit the clinical success of topoisomerase‐targeting drugs, mainly reducing the ability of neoplastic cells to start programmed cell death when exposed to antineoplastic drugs. The aim of this study was to determine, by means of proteomics, potential markers of etoposide resistance in human neuroblastoma cell lines as well as to investigate protein levels and modifications possibly involved in the onset of resistance. The etoposide resistant clone showed overexpression of the following proteins: peroxiredoxin 1, β‐galactoside soluble lectin binding protein, vimentin (three protein spots), heat shock 27 kDa protein (two protein spots) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K. In addition, we also found down‐regulation of dUTP pyrophosphatase. This investigation might represent a first step towards the development of novel prognostic markers of neuroblastoma chemotherapy.
Interaction of singlet oxygen and superoxide radical anion with guanine and formation of its mutagenic modification 8‐oxoguanine
Authors: Mishra P. C. , Singh A. K. , Suhai S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFormation of 8‐oxoguanine (8OG) from guanine in biological systems is known to cause lethal mutation and cancer. It has been suggested earlier, on the basis of experimental studies, that the oxygen molecule in its lowest singlet excited state (1O2) plays an important role in the formation of 8OG. In order to understand the possible mechanisms in this context, B3LYP/6‐31+G* and MP2/6‐31+G* calculations were carried out on the structures and stabilities of different molecules and complexes involved in the formation of 8OG. All the molecules, complexes, and transition states studied in the present report were solvated in aqueous media. Guanine has been found to make a strong complex with 1O2 with the latter species located above the imidazole ring plane, and the complex of guanine with 3O2 is much weaker than that with 1O2. Transition state calculations were carried out to study formation of 7,8‐dihydro,8‐hydroxyguanine (8OHG) and 2‐oxo‐imidazole. It has been shown that 8OG can be formed in two different ways: (i) due to interaction of the radical cation of guanine with O where 8OHG complexed with 1O2 would occur as an intermediate, and (ii) due to interaction of guanine with 1O2 leading to the formation of guanine hydroperoxide that would react with a water molecule in the presence of two 1O2 molecules serving as a source of energy to overcome the barrier. It is shown that because the interaction strengths of 3O2 and 1O2 with other molecules, e.g., guanine, are very different, a crossing of their potential energy surfaces takes place in both gas phase and aqueous media, as a result of which the lifetime of 1O2 is strongly decreased. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Density functional theory study of the hydrogen bonding interaction of 1:1 complexes of serine with water
Authors: Gong Xiaoli , Zhou Zhengyu , Du Dongmei , Dong Xiuli , Liu Shuzhen 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe hydrogen bonding of 1:1 complexes formed between serine and water molecules were completely investigated in the present study employing ab initio and Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods at varied basis set levels from 6‐31g to 6‐311++g (2d,2p). For comparison, we also used the second‐order Moller–Plesset Perturbation (MP2) method at the 6‐31+g(d) level. Twelve reasonable geometries on the potential energy hypersurface of serine and water system were considered with the global minimum, 10 of which are cyclic double‐hydrogen bonded structures and the other two are one‐hydrogen bonded structures. The optimized geometric parameters and interaction energies for various isomers at different levels were estimated. The infrared spectrum frequencies, IR intensities, and the vibrational frequency shifts are reported. Finally, the solvent effects on the geometries of the serine–water complexes were also investigated using self‐consistent reaction‐field (SCRF) calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311++g(d,p) level. The results indicate that the polarity of the solvent played an important role in the structures and relative stabilities of different isomers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Logarithmic perturbation theory for a spiked oscillator and sum rules
Authors: Bandyopadhyay S. K. , Bhattacharyya K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe show that logarithmic perturbation theory nicely yields the wavefunction correction terms in closed forms for the spiked perturbation λ/x2 on the first excited state of the harmonic oscillator, where the conventional Rayleigh‐Schrödinger scheme is known to encounter serious problems. The study also provides a direct route to obtain several sum rules, some of which appear to be new. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Mittendrin statt nur dabei: Integration eines IT‐Risikomanagement‐Prozesses in laufende Firmenprozesse
Authors: Kleuker Stephan , Ebrahim‐Pour Roya 
Published: January 2005

AbstractRisikomanagement findet in IT‐Projekten häufig nur in den Köpfen der Projektleiter statt, obwohl zugehörige Prozesse bekannt und teilweise dokumentiert sind. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt eine Vorgehensweise, die zur Entwicklung und Einführung eines akzeptierten und auf die firmenindividuellen Gegebenheiten angepassten Risikomanagement‐Prozesses führt. Dabei werden grundlegende Gestaltungsaspekte für einen solchen Prozess aufbereitet.
Richtig gewichtet: Erkenntnisse aus dem Sachsen‐Rating‐Projekt
Authors: Blum Ulrich , Gleißner Werner , Leibbrand Frank 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDas Projekt “Stabilisierung und Verbesserung der Beschäftigung in sächsischen mittelständischen Unternehmen – Maßnahmen vor dem Hintergrund der Baseler Beschlüsse (Basel II) und der Erfordernis einer verbesserten Risiko‐Aufstellung” (besser bekannt geworden unter “Rating in Sachsen”), zielte auf die Verringerung der Beschäftigungsprobleme Sachsens mittels eines neuen, unkonventionellen Ansatzes der Arbeitsmarktpolitik, nämlich der Stabilisierung von Unternehmen.
Faites votre jeu: Unternehmensplanung unter quantitativer Risiko‐Betrachtung
Authors: Zhou Shuqin 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWesentliche Unternehmensaktivitäten – wie etwa Personalaufbau und Kapazitätserweiterung – basieren auf der lang‐, mittel‐ oder kurzfristigen Unternehmensplanung. Daher spielen die Planungsqualität beziehungsweise ‐genauigkeit für die Erreichung der Unternehmensziele eine wichtige Rolle. Aufgrund der zunehmenden Unsicherheiten im Hinblick auf Einflussfaktoren – beispielsweise den Marktbedarf oder die Wettbewerbssituation – ist jedoch eine genaue Prognose von Unternehmenskennzahlen wie Absatz oder Umsatz nicht einfach. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie sich die Unsicherheiten für die Unternehmensplanung am Beispiel der Produktionskapazität quantifizieren lassen, indem die Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilungen der Einflussparameter berücksichtigt werden. Mit Hilfe der Monte‐Carlo‐Simulation wird der Kapazitätsbedarf zu einem zukünftigen Zeitpunkt beziehungsweise sein Gesamtverlauf auf der Basis von Wahrscheinlichkeiten generiert, um die Unternehmensplanung zu erleichtern.
Junge, komm bald wieder ...
Authors: Greil Max , Komrowski Ernst Thomas , Schwarzer Joachim 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDass der Begriff “Risiko” aus der Seefahrt stammt (ital. risco = Die Klippe, die es zu umschiffen gilt), ist sicher kein Zufall. Schließlich waren unsere Vorfahren den Naturgewalten auf hoher See praktisch schutzlos ausgeliefert. Und auch heute dürfte es kaum ein Risiko geben, dem man auf den sieben Weltmeeren nicht begegnet: von Piraten über blinde Passagiere bis hin zum Risikofaktor Mensch.
Risiken der Männlichkeit
Authors: Zwick Michael M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDie Anstrengungen der Frauenbewegung zur sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Gleichstellung der Frau haben respektable Erfolge bewirkt und das öffentliche Interesse auf das Thema “Gender” gelenkt, freilich um den Preis einer Vernachlässigung des Themas “Männlichkeit”. Erst in den letzten Jahren erfährt auch das Thema “Männlichkeit” verstärkte Zuwendung. Sich mit der sozialen Kategorie “Mann” zu beschäftigen ist nicht ohne Tücken, signalisiert doch bereits die Alltagswahrnehmung, dass es den Mann nicht gibt, sondern sich die Gattung aus einer facettenreichen Vielzahl von Protagonisten rekrutiert.
Weg mit dem Silodenken: Die Effizienz und Ertragskraft deutscher Banken im Kontext Outsourcing/Securitization/Basel II (Teil II)
Authors: Füser Karsten , Bopp Robert E. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractNachdem im ersten Teil der Serie (siehe RISKNEWS 06/2004) die Herausforderungen beschrieben wurden, denen sich die Banken aufgrund von Outsourcing gegenüber sehen, werden im Folgenden die entsprechenden Fragestellungen thematisiert, die sich durch die Verbriefung von Forderungen (Securitization) sowie die neuen Eigenkapitalrichtlinien (Basel II) ergeben. Im Anschluss wird ein Ansatz zur integrierten Behandlung des Themenkanons “Outsourcing/Securitization/Basel II” dargestellt.
Bridging the gap between statistical analysis and decision making in public health research
Authors: Stangl Dalene K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractStatisticians have eagerly taken on the role of presenting statistical summaries of quantitative data. In areas of health, this means providing point and interval estimates for quantities of interest such as diagnostic risks and treatment effects or providing curve estimates for quantities of interest such as survival probabilities across time. Methods for providing such summaries are highly formalized and constantly evolving. While decision making is the incentive for nearly all such efforts, the process that transforms statistical summaries into decisions usually remains informal and ad hoc. Statisticians have not eagerly accepted the role of promoting formalized decision‐theoretic techniques. This paper will argue that the gap between statistical synthesis and decision making is an unnatural and undesirable one, because it undermines the impact of quantitative information. An argument for bridging the gap by expanding the role of statisticians will be presented. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Statistical issues and challenges associated with rapid detection of bio‐terrorist attacks
Authors: Fienberg Stephen E. , Shmueli Galit 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe traditional focus for detecting outbreaks of an epidemic or bio‐terrorist attack has been on the collection and analysis of medical and public health data. Although such data are the most direct indicators of symptoms, they tend to be collected, delivered, and analysed days, weeks, and even months after the outbreak. By the time this information reaches decision makers it is often too late to treat the infected population or to react in some other way. In this paper, we explore different sources of data, traditional and non‐traditional, that can be used for detecting a bio‐terrorist attack in a timely manner. We set our discussion in the context of state‐of‐the‐art syndromic surveillance systems and we focus on statistical issues and challenges associated with non‐traditional data sources and the timely integration of multiple data sources for detection purposes. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling the incubation period of anthrax
Authors: Brookmeyer Ron , Johnson Elizabeth , Barry Sarah 
Published: January 2005

AbstractModels of the incubation period of anthrax are important to public health planners because they can be used to predict the delay before outbreaks are detected, the size of an outbreak and the duration of time that persons should remain on antibiotics to prevent disease. The difficulty is that there is little direct data about the incubation period in humans. The objective of this paper is to develop and apply models for the incubation period of anthrax. Mechanistic models that account for the biology of spore clearance and germination are developed based on a competing risks formulation. The models predict that the incubation period distribution depends critically on the rate that spores are cleared from the lung and to a lesser extent on the dose of inhaled spores. The models are used in a statistical analysis of data from an anthrax outbreak that occurred in Sverdlovsk, Russia. The analysis suggests that spores are cleared from the lung at a rate between 8 per cent per day and 14 per cent per day, which is in good agreement with experimental studies of animals. The analysis suggests that at low doses, the overall median incubation period time is about 10 days, which includes a median lag of about 2 days between spore germination and onset of symptoms. Male gender and younger ages were associated with longer incubation periods as was lower dose of inhaled spores. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ranking states' immunization coverage: an example from the National Immunization Survey
Authors: Barker Lawrence E. , Smith Philip J. , Gerzoff Robert B. , Luman Elizabeth T. , McCauley Mary M. , Strine Tara W. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe National Immunization Survey (NIS) provides state‐level estimates of preschool immunization coverage. These coverages are frequently presented in ranked lists, and ranks are frequently over‐interpreted. In this paper, we highlight the difficulty in interpreting ranked point estimates. To demonstrate the uncertainty of ranks, parametric bootstrap methods were used to derive 90 per cent confidence intervals for ranks of state vaccination coverage levels among preschool children. We graphically compared states to a reference state. If NIS data are used to rank states, one should consider presenting confidence intervals for rank and the results of comparisons of one state with another graphically. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient estimation of the risk of a disease by quantile‐categories of a key predictor variable using generalized additive models
Authors: Borkowf Craig B. , Albert Paul S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSuppose that one wishes to make inference to the risk of a disease by the population quartile‐categories of a key continuous predictor variable. When one collects data on a prospective cohort, the standard method is simply to categorize the key predictor variable by the empirical quartiles. One may then include indicator variables for these empirical quartile‐categories as predictors, along with other covariates, in a generalized linear model (GLM), with the observed health status of each subject as the response. The standard GLM method, however, is relatively inefficient, because it treats all observations that fall in the same quartile‐category of the predictor variable identically, regardless of whether they lie in the centre or near the boundaries of that category. Alternatively, one may include the key predictor variable, along with other covariates, in a generalized additive model (GAM), again with the observed health status of each subject as the response. The alternative GAM method non‐parametrically estimates the functional relationship between the key predictor variable and the response. One may then compute statistics of interest, such as proportions and odds ratios, from the fitted GAM equation using the empirical quartile‐categories. Simulations show that both the GLM and GAM methods are nearly unbiased, but the latter method produces smaller variances and narrower bootstrap confidence intervals. An example from nutritional epidemiology illustrates the use of these methods. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molding and Replication of Ceramic Surfaces with Nanoscale Resolution
Authors: Auger Maria A. , Schilardi Patricia L. , Caretti Ignacio , Sánchez Olga , Benítez Guillermo , Albella José M. , Gago Raúl , Fonticelli Mariano , Vázquez Luis , Salvarezza Roberto C. , Azzaroni Omar 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe design of reproducible and more efficient nanofabrication routes has become a very active research field in recent years. In particular, the development of new methods for micro‐ and nanopatterning materials surfaces has attracted the attention of many researchers in industry and academia as a consequence of the growing relevance of patterned surfaces in many technological fields, ranging from optoelectronics to biotechnology. In this work we explore, discuss, and demonstrate the possibility of extending the well‐known molding and replication strategy for patterning ceramic materials with nanoscale resolution. To achieve this goal we have combined physical deposition methods, molecule‐thick anti‐sticking coatings, and nanostructured substrates as master surfaces. This new perspective on an “old technology”, as molding is, provides an interesting alternative for high‐resolution, direct surface‐relief patterning of materials that currently requires expensive and time‐consuming lithographic approaches.
Exposure to violence and parenting as mediators between poverty and psychological symptoms in urban African American adolescents
Authors: Grant Kathryn E. , McCormick Anthony , Poindexter LaShaunda , Simpkins Tandra , Janda Cassandra M. , Thomas Kina J. , Campbell Amanda , Carleton Russell , Taylor Jeremy 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe present study builds on past research that has found support for a conceptual model in which poverty is linked with adolescent psychological symptoms through economic stressors and impaired parenting. The present study examined this model in a sample of urban African American mothers and their adolescent children. In addition, an alternative hypothesis was examined: that exposure to community violence mediates the relation between poverty and psychological symptoms in urban youth. Limited support was found for a model in which poverty is linked with internalizing symptoms through exposure to community violence and with externalizing symptoms through economic stressors and inconsistent discipline. Interpretations, limitations, and directions for future research are outlined.
On a Cahn–Hilliard model for phase separation with elastic misfit
Authors: Garcke Harald 
Published: January 2005

Existence of solutions to a Cahn–Hilliard system taking elastic stresses into account is shown. The analysis is hindered by a logarithmic singularity and a quadratic term in the displacement gradient. This makes careful a priori estimates for both terms necessary. In particular, a global version of

L^{p}

-estimates for gradients of nonlinear elliptic systems is shown in order to control the logarithmic singularity.

Résumé

On établit l'existence de solutions pour un système de Cahn–Hilliard qui tient compte des stress élastiques. Cette analyse est rendue plus difficile à cause d'une singularité logarithmique et d'un terme quadratique dans le gradient déplacé, qu'on va devoir a priori estimer. En particulier, pour contrôler la singularité logarithmique on démontre une version globale des

L^{p}

-estimatiens pour les gradients des systèmes elliptiques nonlinénaires.
Inhomogeneous mechanical behavior of the human supraspinatus tendon under uniaxial loading
Authors: Huang Chun‐Yuh , Wang Vincent M. , Pawluk Robert J. , Bucchieri John S. , Levine William N. , Bigliani Louis U. , Mow Van C. , Flatow Evan L. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDisorders of the rotator cuff, particularly tears of the rotator cuff tendons, cause significant shoulder disability. Among numerous factors thought to be responsible for the initiation and progression of supraspinatus tears are those related to the tendon's biomechanical properties. We hypothesized that in supraspinatus tendons subjected to tensile loading a strain gradient (difference) exists between the articular and bursal tendon surfaces, that regional strain differences exist on each of these two tendon surfaces, and that tendon surface strains vary with glenohumeral abduction. To test these hypotheses, the intrinsic inhomogeneous deformational characteristics of the articular and bursal surfaces of eight intact human cadaveric supraspinatus tendons were studied at three glenohumeral abduction angles using a novel multiple strain measuring system which simultaneously recorded surface marker displacements on two opposing soft tissue surfaces. Under applied tensile loads, the articular surface exhibited greater strain at 22° (7.4 ± 2.6% vs. 1.3 ± 0.7%, p = 0.0002) and 63° (6.4 ± 1.6% vs. 2.7 ± 1.2%, p = 0.0001) whereas the bursal surface exhibited greater strain at 90° (7.6 ± 2.8% vs. 4.9 ± 0.4%, p = 0.013). At all abduction angles, insertion strains were higher than those of the mid‐tendon and tendon–muscle junction regions. The existence of inhomogeneous surface strains in the intact supraspinatus tendon demonstrates that intratendinous shear occurs within the tendon. The higher strain on the articular side of the tendon, especially at the insertion region, suggests a propensity for tears to initiate in the articular tendinous zone. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Truth and the Magic of ‘Is’
Authors: MacKenzie P. T. 
Published: January 2005

Both the Correspondence Theory of Truth and the Redundancy/Performative Theory of Truth appear to be unquestionably correct and yet each seems to be inconsistent with the other. As a result we have a puzzle.The way out of this dilemma is to be found by taking a closer look at the role that ‘Is’ and its cognates play in the structure of the standard statement. Once this is done it can be seen that both theories are compatible with one another.
The variable clinical presentation of, and outcome for, noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium in infants and children, an under-diagnosed cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ali Sulafa K. M. , Godman Michael J. 
Published: January 2005

Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is increasingly recognized as an important cause of cardiomyopathy. Its echocardiographic definition, however, is not yet clearly refined, and differentiation from other conditions with hypertrabeculation can be difficult. We report a prospective short-term follow-up of 15 children with noncompaction, excluding those with associated complex congenital cardiac disease.The clinical presentation and outcome were variable, with 2 patients being asymptomatic. For 5 patients, presentation was with cardiac failure due to depressed myocardial function. The function deteriorated in two, remained the same in two, and improved in the other patient. Cardiac failure due to mitral regurgitation was the mode of presentation in 2 patients with preserved myocardial function, one of whom needed replacement of the mitral valve. In 6 patients (40%), symptoms of cardiac failure were due to noncomplex congenital cardiac disease. All of them had ventricular septal defects. In addition, two had cleft mitral valves, and one had a large persistently patent arterial duct. The diagnosis of noncompaction was initially missed on more than one echocardiographic study in one-third of our patients. We conclude that noncompaction is under-diagnosed, and is not as rare as is thought. In children, it is often associated with other cardiac lesions that can cause cardiac failure in the presence of preserved myocardial function.