bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Optimization of Penetration Depth in Submerged Arc Welding: Focused on Boehmite Nanoparticles
Authors: Rahmati Farhad , Aghakhani Masood , Kolahan Farhad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The depth of penetration, a crucial metric representing the distance from the plate surface to the pool bottom, holds pivotal significance in determining the weld metal's strength. This investigation delves into the influence of various factors, such as arc voltage, electric current intensity, electrode stick-out, welding speed, and nanoparticle layer thickness, on penetration depth. Utilizing methodologies like the Central Composite Rotatable Design and analysis of variance facilitates a methodical examination of how input variables impact output results, optimizing both time and cost efficiency. Additionally, the implementation of the Genetic Algorithm helps identify the optimal levels of these parameters. The findings reveal that heightened arc voltage and electric current intensity contribute to increased input heat transfer, leading to more extensive melting of the base metal and subsequently augmenting the penetration depth. The dissimilarity in thermal conductivity between the base metal and nanoparticles results in decreased heat transfer to the inner layers of the workpiece, culminating in a reduction in penetration depth with a higher thickness of the nanoparticle layer. Conversely, an increased thickness of the nanoparticle layer is associated with heightened weld dimensions, including both height and width.
Optimal First-Line Treatment for EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: A Comparative Analysis of Osimertinib and Second-Generation EGFR-TKIs
Authors: Chen Hsu-Yuan , Chen Chia-Hung , Liao Wei-Chih , Lin Yu-Chao , Chen Hung-Jen , Hsia Te-Chun , Cheng Wen-Chien , Tu Chih-Yen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Osimertinib is an irreversible third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). It is the preferred first-line treatment for EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to first-generation EGFR-TKIs. However, limited research has compared its clinical effectiveness with second-generation (2nd G) EGFR-TKIs.
Materials and Methods
This study recruited patients diagnosed with stage IIIb-IV EGFR-mutated NSCLC who received first-line treatment with either 2nd G EGFR-TKIs (afatinib and dacomitinib) or osimertinib between April 2020 and April 2023.
Results
The final analysis included 168 patients, of whom 113 received 2nd G EGFR-TKIs (afatinib or dacomitinib) and 55 received osimertinib. The median progression-free survival (PFS) did not differ significantly between 2nd G EGFR-TKIs and osimertinib (del 19: 17.6 months; L858R: 20.0 months vs. 28.3 months, p = 0.081). In patients with the EGFR exon 19 deletion, osimertinib conferred a longer median PFS (28.3 vs. 17.6 months, p = 0.118) and time to treatment failure (30.2 vs. 22.7 months, p = 0.722) than 2nd G EGFR-TKIs. However, the differences were not statistically significant. In patients with with the EGFR exon 19 deletion and central nervous system metastasis, the median PFS did not differ significantly between those treated with osimertinib (14.3 months) and those treated with 2nd G EGFR-TKIs (17.6 months; p = 0.881). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the NSCLC stage was the only independent negative predictor of PFS. The treatment patterns in the second line also differed significantly between groups (p = 0.008).
Conclusions
This study found comparable effectiveness between osimertinib and 2nd G EGFR-TKIs as first-line treatment for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC, with only the NSCLC stage identified as a negative predictor of PFS. However, whether the different second-line treatments affect overall survival should be examined.
Multi-objective Intelligent Dynamic Optimization Design for Well Trajectory while Drilling in Horizontal Wells
Authors: YIN HU , Fan Tao , ZHAO XIUWEN , LI QIAN 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the landing process of horizontal wells, the target formation may deviate from the expected depth, either deeper or shallower, which presents a significant challenge for the trajectory to accurately penetrate the reservoir. Wellbore track monitoring while drilling and dynamic intelligent optimization of the wellbore trajectory can effectively enhance the accuracy of hitting geological targets. To achieve this goal, it becomes particularly important to rapidly and accurately design an optimal wellbore trajectory that meets geological and engineering requirements. The traditional method of wellbore trajectory design is to give a set of wellbore trajectory design parameters and the corresponding evaluation target of the trajectory, and then get the wellbore trajectory design parameters in line with the expectation by continuously adjusting the parameters and carrying out trial calculations. This method is computationally intensive and time-consuming, and cannot meet the current requirements of intelligent drilling for the intelligent design of trajectory. This paper describes a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm for the optimal design of track parameters, which takes the wellbore energy and the length of the track as the objective of evaluating the track, and uses the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm's characteristics of fast convergence and good optimization to rapidly design the optimal wellbore trajectory design parameters to meet the geologic and engineering requirements, so as to improve the efficiency of the design of the wellbore trajectory. A solution based on dynamic penalty function was proposed to address the constraint problem of the objective solution, aiming to improve the quality of the solution. Additionally, the TOPSIS algorithm was used to select the most suitable solution from the Pareto front. By analyzing the real well landing into target cases of shale gas horizontal wells, the method can quickly and effectively optimize the optimal design parameters of the required trajectory, which helps to improve the efficiency of the trajectory design and reduce the economic and time costs of the trajectory design.
Additive Manufacturing of a Topology Optimized Automotive Flange Fork – A Step Towards Cleaner Production of Automotive Components
Authors: Bhat Chinmai , Romario Yulius , Jiang Cho-Pei , Toyserkani Ehsan , Ramezani Maziar , Pasang Tim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The sustainable replacement of automotive manufacturing sector is necessary to strengthen the sustainable development goals. Additive manufacturing (AM) equipped with topology optimization is known for fabricating components with reduced material and energy. In this study, the automotive flange fork is fabricated using laser-based powder bed fusion process (L-PBF). The topology optimization is carried out using the Ntopology software to generate two designs (i.e., design – 1 and design – 2) with the volume reductions of 26% and 46%, respectively. The compressive stresses exerted on the shaft and on the chassis by both the optimal designs of flange fork are examined using the finite element analysis (FEA). Considering the factor of safety of 2.5, design – 1 was found to be the optimal choice. The design is fabricated with the L-PBF using Inconel-718 material. Manufacturing quality analysis of the component shows the hatch distance of printed sample to be 18% lower than the set parameter. This difference was attributed to the non-homogenous size of the powder particles. Furthermore, the fabricated component is tested for its efficiency to withstand the torque of 300 Nm which is generated in most of the 4-wheeler automobiles. The torque analysis successfully demonstrated component’s ability without damage or cracks.
Double-sided Information Asymmetry in Double Extortion Ransomware
Authors: Meurs Tom , Cartwright Edward , Cartwright Anna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Double extortion ransomware attacks are a form of cyber attack where the victims files are both encrypted and exfiltrated for extortion purposes. There is empirical evidence that double extortion leads to an increased willingness to pay a ransom, and higher ransoms, compared to encryption-only attacks. In this paper we model two important sources of assymetric information between victim and attacker: (a) Victims are typically uncertain whether data is exfiltrated, due to for example misconfigured monitoring systems. (b) It is hard for attackers to estimate the value of compromised files. We use game theory to analyse the payoff consequences of such private information. Specifically, we analyse a signaling game with double-sided information asymmetry: (1) attackers know whether data is exfiltrated and victims do not, and (2) victims know the value of data if it is exfiltrated, but the attackers do not. Our analysis indicates that private information substantially lowers the payoff of attackers. In interpretation, this suggests that private information is valuable to victims and a means to reduce incentives for criminals to pursue ransomware.
SULF1 Regulates Malignant Progression of Colorectal Cancer by Modulating ARSH via FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling
Authors: Zhu Wenjie , Wu Changlei , Liu Zitao , Zhao Shimin , Cheng Xiufeng , Huang Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third highest incidence and second mortality rate of malignant tumors globally. It is urgent for us to explore the underlying mechanisms of CRC progression, which can provide better guidance for the treatment of CRC.
Methods: R Studio was used for data sorting and analysis. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle detection was performed by flow cytometry. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to explore mRNA expression levels. Western blotting was used to explore protein expression levels. CCK8, Edu and colony formation assays were performed to explore the proliferation capacity of CRC cells. Transwell invasion assay was performed to explore the invasion ability of CRC cells. Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay were performed to explore the migration capacity of CRC cells. Subcutaneous Xenograft Assay was utilized to testify tumorigenic capacity of CRC cells in vivo.
Results: SULF1 was highly expressed in CRC samples and cell lines. The knockdown of SULF1 inhibited proliferation, invasion and migration of CRC and increased the rate of cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, we also demonstrated that SULF1 negatively regulates ARSH through the FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that SULF1 could promote CRC progression by regulating ARSH. And SULF1/ARSH/FAK/PI3K/ AKT/mTOR signaling pathway might be a new guidance for the treatment of CRC patients.
Analysis of differences between clinical indicators of SARS and SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary study
Authors: gao bingrui , chen haiyan , han xiaobo , xie lixin , guo yinghua 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the difference in clinical indexes between SARS and SARS-CoV-2 and explore immune mechanisms.
Methods
We recorded age, sex, clinical symptoms, immunoglobulin index, arterial blood gas analysis, and other indicators of SARS patients hospitalized at the Eighth Medical Center of the People’s Liberation Army. From June 2022 to April 2023, we recorded data from patients with SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized at the Tropical Medicine Department of Hainan Hospital of the PLA General Hospital.
Results
There were 116 patients with SARS pneumonia and 114 with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The ratio of males to females was 64/52, with an average age of 35.36 ± 15.19 years. The ratio of males to females in the SARS-CoV-2 group was 69/45, with an average age of 66.89 ± 15.00 years. There were no significant differences in PCO2, peripheral blood white blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil ratio, serotonin ratio, blood pressure, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, C-reactive protein, immunoglobulin IgA, and IgG indexes in blood gas analysis. There were significant differences in heart rate, blood gas analysis partial pressure, lymphocyte percentage, immunoglobulin IgM, and myocardial injury markers.
Conclusions
Young and middle-aged patients with SARS pneumonia were more common, while elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 were more common. There were differences in clinical indicators between patients infected with the two viruses, and there may be differences in virulence and interaction mechanisms.
Effects of parenteral nutrition vs. best supportive nutritional care on quality of life in patients with pancreatic cancer – A secondary analysis of PANUSCO
Authors: Emanuel Aline , Rosenberger Friederike , Krampitz Julia , Decker-Baumann Christiane , Märtens Angela , Jäger Dirk , Rötzer Ingeborg 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Parenteral nutrition (PN) can be an effective treatment to improve the nutritional status of patients with pancreatic cancer, but the effects of PN on quality of life (QoL) are still understudied. Therefore, we aimed at investigating whether best supportive nutritional care (BSNC) in combination with PN at home compared to BSNC alone changed QoL in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing chemotherapy over a period of seven weeks.
Methods
n = 12 patients in the PANUSCO study received nutritional counselling only (control group (CG)) and n = 9 patients was also given supportive PN (intervention group (IG)). Primary endpoint was the change of QoL (EORTC-QLQ-C30 and QLQ-PAN26) over seven weeks between the groups.
Results
There was a significant worsening in social functioning in IG (p = 0.031) and a significant difference between groups in change of social functioning (p = 0.020). In all other domains of QoL, there was no significant difference between groups. Within groups, there was a significant improvement in the domain weight loss in IG (p = 0.031), showing that patients were less worried about their weight being too low. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the change of BW over time between groups (p < 0.001) with IG showing an increase (p = 0.004) and CG showing no change (p = 0.578).
Conclusion
The administration of PN had in one of five domains negative consequences on QoL. The decision to administer PN should always be made individually and together with the patient, and the impact on QoL should be included in the decision to administer PN.
Fabrication of polymeric membrane with high salt rejection by embedding poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-functionalized halloysite nano tubes
Authors: Heidari Yasaman , Maghsoudi Shahab , Noroozian Ebrahim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The fabrication of membranes for water desalination and wastewater treatment is an important strategy to overcome water quality problems worldwide. Herein, the influence of the presence of the poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM) on the performance of the cellulose acetate (CA) membrane was investigated. Halloysite nanotube (HNT) was functionalized with the third generation of PAMAM dendrimer and incorporated into the CA membrane by phase inversion process to improve the properties of the membrane. The composite membranes' characterization was determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle measurements, zeta potential, thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). A dead-end filtration system examined the performance of the incorporated cellulose acetate membrane. Based on the results, the membrane permeability, salt rejection, and antifouling properties were improved due to the addition of hydrophilic HNTs- PAMAM nanocomposite in the membrane casting solution. The loading of 1wt% of HNTs/PAMAM was optimized as filler composition. It showed salt rejection of 91% and 75.6% for sodium sulfate and magnesium chloride respectively along with the maximum porosity (82%), antifouling performance (85%), reversible fouling ratio (45%), and the lowest contact angle (~ 32).
Autoantibodies research in patients with endometriosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Capellari Cesar Augusto , Rahal Danilo , Sobrinho Carlos Bezerra , Boas Laura Vilas , Skare Thelma , NISIHARA RENATO 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Endometriosis is a common inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology; dysregulation of the immune system appears to play a role in this context.
Objective
To study the presence of autoantibodies in patients with endometriosis.
Methods
Two hundred and two females (111 with endometriosis and 91 controls) were studied for the presence of Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA), Extractable Nuclear Antigens (ENA) profile; anti-dsDNA, anticardiolipin (aCl) IgG and IgM and anti endomysial Antibodies (EmA-IgA). Clinical data, obstetric and gynecological history were collected.
Results
ANA was positive in 26/111 (23.4%) females with endometriosis vs. 5/91 (5.4%) in the control sample (p = 0.0004; OR = 5.26; 95% CI = 1.92–14.30). None of the samples were positive for aCl IgG or IgM; ds-DNA, ENA profile or EMA. No associations between ANA positivity and clinical, obstetrical and gynecological data were found.
Conclusion
Patients with endometriosis showed high positivity for ANA, but not to the more specific autoantibodies.
Tester and environment affecting genomic prediction in exotic maize germplasm and derivation penal in China
Authors: Sun Qi , Wang Jianjun , Zeng Tingru , Li Wencai , Zhao Meng , Li Wenlan , Yue Runqing , Lu Shouping , Ding Zhaohua , Meng Zhaodong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Exotic maize germplasm and derivation have formulate new heterotic groups in China. The breeding value are urgent to evaluate for better application. Genomic prediction(GP) could predict breeding values using all the genomic markers jointly rather than testing the significance of each of them. A panel of 636 exotic maize lines derivated from national project were genotyped and crossed to two testers Jing2416 and Z58. The testcrosses were evaluated in 2017 and 2018 in two sites. The mean performance of two testcrosses for each line were used to train a whole GP model. Fivefold cross validation was performed to assess the prediction accuracies of the GP models for all traits in the same population. Meanwhile the tester GP model of each type testcrosses for one tester was also constructed. The result indicated that the accuracy of prediction for all the traits ranged from 0.36 to 0.56 in whole GP model. The accuracy of ear width was highest 0.56, plant height second 0.53. The forecast of grain yield was 0.49 lower than ear width and plant height. The prediction accuracy of Jing2416 model were always above that of the Z58 model, the whole model in the middle for most traits. The major reason was that the genetic relationship of Jing 2416 with training population was more far. Thus more consanguinity ties of tester should be chosen with training-validation population. The prediction accuracy of whole model were always more than that of Jinan model and Xinxiang model for all the traits. It underlines that the prediction model basing multi-environments had better forecast result. Single environment phenotypic value had lower prediction effect.
The Relationship of Facial Skin Biophysical Properties to Age and the Potential Role of Lifestyles in Chinese Rural and Urban Females
Authors: YANG Xiao-xiao , HUANG Xao-dong , Zhang Hao-chen , YI Fan , MENG Hong , Dong Yin-mao , WU Yue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As a developing country, China has a large population base of county women, but previous studies showed a significant lack of attention towards their skin status. This study is supposed to recruit, measure and portray the facial skin biophysical properties of rural females. The individual lifestyles were also investigated and analyzed to assess the risky or protective factors. There were 10 skin parameters measured of 350 rural female aged 18–65 years subjects (skin barrier status, color and elasticity). The trend of subject's skin parameters with age was analyzed through curve fitting, analysis of variance and Krustal-Wallis H test, with 0.05 as the significance threshold. The lifestyles related to "unfavorable" skin parameters were initially evaluated by chi-square test and crude OR, and then re-evaluated by logistic regression model and adjusted OR to control age. Rural females experience significant adverse changes in skin biophysical parameters with age, and they had lower facial skin hydration level and sebum secretion, higher transepidermal water loss and higher melanin content. Urban women had poorer skin gloss, more yellowish skin tone, and poorer elasticity. Self-reported oily or mixed skin was associated with high sebum and hemoglobin content. Skincare product use was a significant protective factor for skin hydration. Sunscreen product use was a protective factor for a number of skin biophysical parameters, but was not statistically significant after controlling for age. In conclusion, distinct skincare measures are recommended for rural and urban women based on their different facial skin biophysical properties and trends with age.
Mitigation of capacitor voltage unbalance and common mode voltage for 3-phase 5-Level NPC inverter using hexagonal SVPWM
Authors: Palanisamy R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Capacitor Voltage Unbalance and Common Mode Voltage (CMV) issues leads to affects the performance of the inverter, magnitude of load current increase and THD increase. So to diminish unbalance in the capacitor voltage and CMV, a hexagonal based Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) is implemented for three-phase five-level Neutral Point Clamped inverter (NPCI) at high modulation index of 0.905. The performance of the inverter is improved, when the number of level of inverter increases. Simultaneously, the switching pulse creation becomes more sophisticated. SVPWM is a digital PWM control approach that maximizes the use of the dc link voltage while lowering the system's THD. And capacitor voltage (CV) imbalance and CMV are reduced by adopting the Nearest-State-Vector (NSV) technique, which selects only null, small, and large vectors and ignores medium vectors. Using Matlab Simulink and an FPGA processor, the proposes system's simulation and experimental results are established.
Determining the Optimal Design Characteristics of Trapezoidal Piano Key Weirs for Improved Water Discharge
Authors: Seo Ye-jin , Lee Sangik , Lee Jong-hyuk , Seo Byung-hun , Kim Dongsu , Kim Dongwoo , Choi Won 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study attempts to evaluate the influence of design factors and flow characteristics on the discharge capacity of trapezoidal piano key weirs. To evaluate the influence of the main design factors on discharge rates, 9 models were simulated, with width ratios of 1.25, 1.75, and 2.25 and sidewall angles of 2, 4, and −2°. As the auxiliary design factors, the square Sq-parapet from previous research and the newly proposed triangular Tri-parapet were integrated into the models with high discharge capacity. We used the computational fluid dynamics simulation to analyze the fluid dynamics and provide the optimal design characteristics for trapezoidal piano key weirs. Our findings reveal that certain changes in the design, namely in the sidewall angle and width ratio, can increase the discharge rates by up to 14.7 and 13.6%, respectively. Furthermore, as a result of applying Sq-parapet and Tri-parapet to the model weirs, we found that the discharge efficiency of Tri-parapet was significantly higher compared to the existing Sq-parapet models, with improvement of up to 53.8 and 49.5%. This study contributes to understanding the influence of various design factors on the discharge capacity of trapezoidal PK weirs and offers insights for optimizing their design.