bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the demand for fish swim bladders driving the extinction of globally endangered marine wildlife?
Authors: Smith Brian D. , Mansur Elisabeth Fahrni , Shamsuddoha Mohammad , Billah G. M. Masum 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

International trade in croaker swim bladders or maws and incidental catches in fisheries targeting croakers for their maws pose a global problem that needs addressing to protect target croakers and globally threatened small cetaceans, sharks, rays and marine turtles.
The lesson of the likely imminent extinction of the vaquita porpoise (Phocoena sinus) in the Gulf of California, Mexico, owing to entanglement in gillnets targeting the totoaba croaker for its maw, is that the underlying threats to marine species must be addressed well before precipitous declines make their extinction inevitable.
Opportunistic interviews with fishers and fish traders in Bangladesh indicate that the increasing demand for fish maws, selling for as much as 5,000 USD per kg, may be intensifying small‐scale coastal fisheries and bycatches of globally threatened marine wildlife, especially due to the potential for a windfall profit.
In 137 croaker catches made in gillnets, sharks were bycaught in 22%, marine turtles in 8% and rays in 3% of catches. Of particular concern were six bycatches of 125 Critically Endangered scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini), 11 bycatches of 20 Vulnerable (VU) olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) and two bycatches of 13 VU longtail butterfly rays (Gymnura poecilura).
A recent IUCN Motion for ‘Controlling and monitoring trade in croaker swim bladders to protect target croakers and reduce incidental catches of threatened marine megafauna’ recommends conducting an analysis on the impacts of the demand for and trade in fish maws on croaker species and threatened marine megafauna, regulating trade in fish maws through national laws and developing a potential proposal to list croaker species in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
To prevent species extinctions, additional measures focusing on fishery management will be needed.
Structural modification of naturally occurring phenolics as a strategy for developing cytotoxic molecules towards cancer cells
Authors: Olim Pedro , Pereira Renato B. , Fernandes Maria José G. , Natal Carolina M. , Coelho José R. A. , Fortes A. Gil , Gonçalves M. Sameiro T. , Pereira David M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNatural products belonging to different chemical classes have been established as a promising source of novel anticancer drugs. Several low‐molecular‐weight compounds from the classes of monoterpenes, phenylpropanoids, and flavonoids were shown to possess anticancer activities in previous studies. In this work, over 20 semisynthetic derivatives of molecules belonging to these classes, namely thymol, eugenol, and 6‐hydroxyflavanone were synthesized and tested for their cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines, namely AGS cells (gastric adenocarcinoma) and A549 cells (human lung carcinoma). An initial screening based on viability assessment was performed to identify the most cytotoxic compounds at 100 μM. The results evidenced that two 6‐hydroxyflavanone derivatives were the most cytotoxic among the compounds tested, being selected for further studies. These derivatives displayed enhanced toxicity when compared with their natural counterparts. Moreover, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay showed that the loss of cell viability was not accompanied by a loss of membrane integrity, thus ruling out a necrotic process. Morphological studies with AGS cells demonstrated chromatin condensation compatible with apoptosis, confirmed by the activation of caspase 3/7. Furthermore, a viability assay on a noncancer human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line (MRC‐5) confirmed that these two derivatives possess selective anticancer activity.
Heterogeneity of dynamic synergetic configurations of salience network in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Guo Xiaonan , Zhai Guangjin , Liu Junfeng , Zhang Xia , Zhang Tao , Cui Dong , Zhou Rongjuan , Gao Le 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAtypical functional connectivity (FC) patterns have been identified in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), especially within salience network (SN) and between SN and default mode network (DMN) and central executive network (CEN). But whether the dynamic configuration of intra‐SN and inter‐SN (SN with DMN and CEN) FC in ASD is also heterogeneous remains unknown. Based on the resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 105 ASD and 102 typically‐developing controls (TC), we calculated the time‐varying FC of intra‐SN and inter‐SN (SN with DMN and CEN). Then, the joint recurrence features for the time‐varying FC were calculated to assess how the SN dynamically recruits different configurations of network segregation and integration in ASD, that is, synergies, from the dynamical systems perspective. We analyzed the differences in synergetic patterns between ASD subtypes obtained by k‐means clustering algorithm based on the synergy of SN and TC, and investigated the relationships between synergy of SN and severity of clinical symptoms of ASD for ASD subtypes. Two ASD subtypes were revealed, where the synergy of SN in ASD subtype 1 has lower stability and periodicity compared to the TC, and ASD subtype 2 exhibits the opposite alteration. Synergy of SN for ASD subtype 1 and 2 was found to predict the severity of communication impairments and restricted and repetitive behaviors in ASD, respectively. These results suggest the existence of subtypes with distinct patterns of the synergy of SN in ASD, and provide insight into the complex pathophysiological mechanism of clinical manifestations of ASD.
Comment on Oberman & Vink: Should we fix or simulate the complete data in simulation studies evaluating missing data methods?
Authors: Morris Tim P. , White Ian R. , Cro Suzie , Bartlett Jonathan W. , Carpenter James R. , Pham Tra My 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFor simulation studies that evaluate methods of handling missing data, we argue that generating partially observed data by fixing the complete data and repeatedly simulating the missingness indicators is a superficially attractive idea but only rarely appropriate to use.
An online research immersion program to increase introductory science student confidence and science identity
Authors: Zheng Erica J. , Oakes Elizabeth , Roden Julie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe number of undergraduate students from underrepresented backgrounds enrolled in science and technology‐related courses has increased over the past 20 years, but these students' persistence in STEM majors until graduation still lags behind the overall college population. Interventions like exposure to independent research, instruction using active learning, and connection within a scientific community have been shown to increase persistence and the development of science identity, especially for underrepresented minority students (URM), students with high financial need, and first‐generation college students. However, exposure to research for introductory students can be expensive or challenging for an institution to provide and for some students to access. We designed Wintersession Research Week as a remotely taught, collaborative introduction to independent research for beginning undergraduate students, prioritizing those traditionally underrepresented in STEM (low income, first generation, and URM students). Because this program utilized graduate students as research mentors, we also provided training and mentoring to develop the next generation of science faculty. We found that the program helped undergraduate student participants to develop a scientific identity and increase confidence in their skills, and that graduate students found the experience valuable for their future teaching. We believe that elements of this program are adaptable to both virtual and in‐person settings as an introduction to research, mentorship, and teaching for students and mentors.
Quantitative electroencephalography as a potential biomarker in migraine
Authors: Kim Suk Jae , Yang Kyungjin , Kim Daeyoung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the utility of quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) as a diagnostic tool for migraine and as an indicator of treatment response by comparing QEEG characteristics between migraine patients and controls, and monitoring changes in these characteristics alongside clinical symptoms in response to treatmentBackgroundWe hypothesized that patients with migraine exhibit distinctive characteristics in QEEG measurements, which could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers and as a tool for monitoring treatment response.MethodsA total of 720 patients were included in the study, comprising 619 patients with migraine and 101 subjects as a control group. QEEG measurements were analyzed for absolute power across specific frequency bands: delta wave (0.5–4 Hz), theta wave (4–8 Hz), alpha wave (8–12 Hz), beta wave (12–25 Hz), and high beta wave (25–30 Hz). The absolute power was normalized against a normative dataset from NeuroGuide, with electrodes being highlighted for significance if they exceeded 1.96. Clinical symptoms were also monitored for correlation with QEEG changes.ResultsOur analysis showed that patients with migraine exhibited significantly higher absolute power across all frequencies, most markedly within the high beta frequency range. When considering electrodes with z‐scores exceeding the threshold of 1.96 in the high beta range, a significant association with migraine diagnosis was observed (per 1 electrode increase, OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01–1.11; p = .012). Moreover, pre‐ and posttreatment changes in QEEG measurements corresponded with changes in clinical symptoms.ConclusionPatients with migraine have distinctive QEEG measurements, particularly regarding absolute power and the number of electrodes that surpassed the z‐score threshold in high beta wave activity. These findings suggest the potential of QEEG as a diagnostic biomarker and as a tool for monitoring treatment response in migraine patients, warranting further large‐scale studies for confirmation and expansion.
Tourists' environmentally responsible behavior: A new path of sustainable development of grassland tourism
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Li Jia , Wu Weize , Chen Yuan , Tian Rui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeeply exploring the formation path of tourists' environmentally responsible behavior is of great significance to standardize tourists' behavior and protect the environment of grassland tourist attractions. In this paper, an integrated model that mainly discussed two parts was explored by the stimulus–organism–response (S‐O‐R) theory adopting structural equation model (SEM) and multi‐group analysis (MGA). The first part is the direct role of the service quality, subjective norms, and environmental knowledge in motivating tourists' behavioral attitude and place attachment, as well as the indirect role of those three variables in shaping environmentally responsible behavior. As the second part, the potential moderating influence of visitor gender on the model is also discussed extensively in the paper. According to a survey of grassland tourists (n = 484) from Gansu and Qinghai provinces in China, it could be found that both environmental knowledge through behavioral attitude and service quality through local attachment have indirectly influence on environmentally responsible behavior. Direct and indirect effects of subjective norms on environmentally responsible behavior exist, and the indirect effects are based on behavioral attitude and local attachments. There is a significant moderating effect of gender on the effects of environmental knowledge on behavioral attitude, service quality, and subjective norms on place attachment. Finally, the future research directions were proposed based on existing limitations.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor‐related molecular markers predict prognosis in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Jin Bao , Wang Yuxin , Zhang Baoluhe , Xu Haifeng , Lu Xin , Sang Xinting , Wang Wenze , Mao Yilei , Chen Pengxiao , Wang Shun , Qian Zhirong , Wang Yingyi , Du Shunda 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic approaches for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) are limited, due to insufficient understanding to biomarkers related to prognosis and drug response. Here, we comprehensively assess the molecular characterization of EHCC with clinical implications.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing (WES) on 37 tissue samples of EHCC were performed to evaluate genomic alterations, tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI).ResultsMutation of KRAS (16%) was significantly correlated to poor OS. ERBB2 mutation was associated with improved OS. ERBB2, KRAS, and ARID1A were three potentially actionable targets. TMB ≥10 mutations per megabase was detected in 13 (35.1%) cases. Six patients (16.2%) with MSIsensor scores ≥10 were found. In multivariate Cox analysis, patients with MSIsensor sore exceed a certain threshold (MSIsensor score ≥0.36, value approximately above the 20th percentile as thresholds) showed a significant association with the improved OS (HR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.056–0.46, p < 0.001), as well as patients with both TMB ≥3.47 mutations per megabase (value approximately above the 20th percentile) and MSIsensor score ≥0.36.ConclusionsTMB and MSI are potential biomarkers associated with better prognosis for EHCC patients. Furthermore, our study highlights important genetic alteration and potential therapeutic targets in EHCC.
Anatomy‐driven complexity classification for soft‐tissue tunneling procedures
Authors: Rodriguez Amanda B. , Chan Hsun‐Liang , Velasquez Diego 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe tunnel technique (TUN) preserves the integrity of the papilla by creating envelope flaps that allow for the insertion of a connective tissue graft, and/or biomaterials.Methods(1) A comprehensive overview of tunneling flap procedures in the treatment of gingival recessions (GRs) for soft tissue coverage is presented and (2) A classification system for soft and hard tissue anatomy of GR sites which may aid the clinician in determining the surgical complexity is being introduced.ResultsA novel clinical classification system is proposed to illustrate complexity levels determined by soft and hard tissue anatomy of GR sites such as the mucogingival junction proximity to the gingival margin, bone morphotype, and mucosal margin thickness.ConclusionsTUN is highly effective in treating single/multiple GRs. Its limitations are related to variability in surgical site anatomy and operator expertise. A classification system based on anatomical soft and hard tissue variations has been proposed to help identify complexity levels encountered during tunneling procedures.Key points
Site‐related factors directly impact the surgical variables related to tissue trauma, flap tension, soft tissue management, muscle pull, and wound stability during the healing of gingival recessions (GRs).
The achievement of expedited and favorable wound healing is crucial to obtaining quantitative and qualitative success in the treatment of GR and the long‐term stability of root coverage.
A classification system based on anatomical soft and hard tissue variations has been proposed to facilitate tunneling procedures while respecting surgical principles.
When the algorithm ‘matches’ us: The experiences of early‐career psychologists on online platform services for psychotherapy and counselling in Italy
Authors: Margherita Giorgia , Caffieri Alessia , De Maio Nadia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe spread of online platform services offering psychological psychotherapy and counselling has been observed globally. In Italy, these services were aimed at young people and offered job opportunities to early‐career clinical psychologists.AimThe current study aimed to explore the professional experiences of early‐career psychologists (age range: 29–35 years) in working on online platform services that deliver psychotherapy and counselling in Italy.MethodA total of 13 psychologists practising psychological interventions on online platform services were interviewed. Participants had a mean of 3 years' clinical experience. A thematic analysis, following the qualitative approach of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), was performed.ResultsFrom the analysis, four superordinate themes emerged: (1) a smart intervention; (2) professional identity; (3) a different and wide contact; and (4) grateful to the platform, loyal to the ‘company’.DiscussionThe online platforms represented a ‘medium’ with a ‘third’ function on a double level. At one level, they mediated between the request of the client and the psychologist, using the suggestions of AI algorithms. At another level, they offered employability and a guide to online interventions to early‐career psychologists. Some critical issues related to ethics emerged considering the difficulty in maintaining the psychologists' autonomy before the affiliation to the business model promoted by the company, which may not match the client's interests.ConclusionThe study highlights that online platforms promote a new culture of psychological health services, changing the representations and meanings attributed to the online intervention, the clinical profession and the psychologist–client relationship.
Forgotten Perfumery Plants ‐ Part II: New Insights into the Development of Novel Fragrant Ingredients – Hawthorn Case Study
Authors: Bouville Anne‐Sophie , da Fonte Kevin , Portes Pascal , Lhommet Jean‐Charles , Azoulay Stéphane , Fernandez Xavier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNaturalness is gaining ground among perfumers and the use of natural raw materials is spreading in perfumery. Forgotten perfumery plants are of concern to develop innovative and natural ingredients for modern perfume industries. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential interest of Crataegus monogyna Jacq. extracts as fragrance ingredient. To this end, various extractions, phytochemical characterizations and organoleptic evaluations of hawthorn were conducted on fresh, frozen, and dried flowering aerial parts, to identify those most likely to be of interest. More than a hundred compounds, anisaldehyde being the predominant one, were characterized for the first time in the volatile fraction, using HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS technology. Impact of plant treatment and harvest year on the extracts were also discussed. From this work, a new and natural hawthorn‐based ingredient was developed to complete the perfumers’ palette.
Anti‐Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes Conjugated with Quercetin
Authors: Lomada Dakshayani , Gulla Surendra , Reddy Madhava C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInflammation is closely associated with cancer and leads to the formation of various malignancies. Quercetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid, with numerous pharmaceutical activities like anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐tumor effects. Due to its partial solubility in an aqueous solution, its consumption is limited. We recently showed the physicochemical characterization of titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNT) conjugated with quercetin and we found that quercetin conjugated with TNT enhances the anticancer activity in B16F10 cells and induced apoptosis. In the present study, we stimulated the efficiency of quercetin conjugated with titanium dioxide nanotubes and studies their anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory activity. TNT conjugated with quercetin showed less cytotoxic effect towards RAW264.7 macrophages than quercetin alone. The inflammatory stimulation of RAW264.7 with LPS induced the pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐6 and inducible nitric synthase mRNA which were significantly inhibited by treating with TNT‐Qu without causing any toxicity than quercetin and TNT alone. These results suggested that the potential of TNT conjugated with quercetin are better than quercetin and TNT alone and TNT may provide protection against inflammation by down regulating IL‐6 and iNOS.
Recent Developments and Emerging Opportunities for Biomass Derived Carbon Materials in Dye Sensitized Solar Energy Conversion
Authors: Vivekanandhan Singaravelu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo meet the ever‐increasing demand for solar energy conversion, the exploration of new materials that improve energy and cost efficiency is great significance. Particularly in dye‐sensitized solar cells, extensive efforts have been made to substitute the traditional metal‐based components with various carbon materials. As the result, carbon materials such as carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, grapheme, and porous carbon materials are explored for their components, which are traditionally derived from fossil resources. Recently these carbon materials are widely synthesized or derived from renewable biomasses and getting important in solar energy conversion due to their similar structural, physicochemical, morphological, and functional features of above stated traditional carbon materials. The utilization of these biocarbon materials offers numerous environmental and economic benefits over traditional carbon materials and creates a new pathway towards a sustainable future. Thus, this review summarizes the recent exploration of biocarbon materials in dye‐sensitized solar cells and discusses their emerging opportunities.
An analysis of statewide college promise programs: Towards a racially equitable future
Authors: Salazar Rogelio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs statewide college promise programs continue to develop, emerging equity concerns necessitate interrogating whom programs benefit and how expense funds can be applied. Critical Policy Analysis (CPA) is used in this chapter to understand how statewide promise programs advance or hinder racial equity across eligibility and financial aid support policy. Results are based on 23 statewide promise programs that claim to make community college, and sometimes 4‐year college, free to eligible students. The results reveal that only 34% of statewide programs include summer term and vocational/technical program eligibility. Only 39% of statewide programs include eligibility for undocumented and half‐time enrolled students, and only 13% include justice‐impacted students. This work serves as a call for statewide promise programs to expand eligibility and financial aid support for non‐traditional students to achieve equitable access to statewide promise programs and receive the necessary support for postsecondary success.
Pancreatic tail cancer in the setting of pancreatitis with a review of the literature: A case report
Authors: Rho Shinji , Martin Sooyoung , Nigogosyan Zack , Kushnir Vladimir , Mintz Aaron J. , Hu Zishuo Ian 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageEnvironmental risk factors for pancreatic cancer include acute and chronic pancreatitis, obesity, and tobacco use. Differentiating a pancreatic neoplasm in a patient with pancreatitis can be challenging due to their similar presentations. A 57‐year‐old African American man with a history of congestive heart failure, pancreatitis, and incomplete pancreas divisum presented with an epigastric abdominal pain that radiated to his back. Imaging showed necrotizing pancreatitis, a developing splenic infarct, and a mass at the pancreas tail. The patient was discharged with pain medications and was recommended follow‐up imaging after resolution of his pancreatitis. He was readmitted to the emergency department 2 weeks later with recurrent acute abdominal pain. Computed tomography scan of abdomen and pelvis followed by magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic ultrasound revealed an infiltrative pancreatic tail mass. Biopsy of the mass confirmed a locally advanced pancreatic tail adenocarcinoma. Chronic pancreatitis is associated with pancreatic cancer. Practitioners should be aware of the co‐existence of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, and the initial steps to evaluate a malignancy in chronic pancreatitis.