bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, and mental well-being—A longitudinal study of nursing students at Wroclaw Medical University in Poland
Authors: Kosendiak Aureliusz Andrzej , Wysocki Michał , Krysiński Paweł , Kuźnik Zofia , Adamczak Bartosz 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionFrom the moment the first cases of coronavirus disease were detected in December 2019 until the announcement and duration of the pandemic, it was a negative experience for people around the world in various spheres of life. In connection with it, there have been many changes in our daily lives related to lifestyle, physical activity, or the mental sphere. The aim of the following paper is to determine the correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and alcohol drinking, smoking, physical exercise, and lifestyle among nursing students in Poland.MethodsThe study was conducted among nursing students at Wroclaw Medical University before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey consisted of completing the same anonymous online questionnaires five times by the same research group. The majority of respondents were women in the age between 18 and 30 years old and the significance level of data analysis was set at p &lt; 0.05.Results and discussionIn October 2020, we recorded a large number of respondents experiencing anxiety/fear or being more stressed. Between the measurements, the highest average level of alcohol addiction (p &lt; 0.001) was in October 2021 (8.71). Moreover, the percentage of respondents who felt as before increased (p = 0.021). As the pandemic continued, there was a systematic decline in the physical activity level (p &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic had a serious impact on the daily lives of the students.
Healthcare professionals and commercial milk formula recommendations in the urban Mexican context
Authors: Hernández-Cordero Sonia , Vilar-Compte Mireya , Tomori Cecília , Lara-Mejía Vania , Rovelo-Velázquez Natalia , Hayes Keily , Pérez-Escamilla Rafael 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionBreastfeeding (BF) is considered an essential component of optimal care for child health and development. In the past two decades, global data have shown improvements in some, but not all, BF indicators. Despite these positive changes sales and per capita intake of commercial milk formula (CMF) have increased globally. The CMF industry invests millions of dollars in marketing, which targets families and healthcare professionals (HCP). In Mexico, more than half of the mothers (53%) who feed their infants with CMF chose their Brand on the recommendation of HCP. Understanding the reasons behind the current recommendations for the use of CMF by HCP is important for the design of BF interventions. The primary objective of this study was to explore Mexican HCP' beliefs, attitudes, perceptions, and practices about early infant feeding practices, and reasons for recommending CMF. The secondary objective was to explore pregnant women and mother's perceptions of the infant feeding recommendations they received from HCP, and of the factors that influenced their infant feeding decisions.MethodsThe study was based on a secondary qualitative data analysis of a WHO/UNICEF multi-country study. We analyzed focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) from Mexico. Data were collected through convenience sampling in Mexico City and Guadalajara. HCP (n = 34) analysis was based on IDIs, and pregnant women or mothers of children 0-18 months (n = 74) on FGDs and IDIs.ResultsThrough a thematic analysis, we identified the socioecology of BF and triangulated HCP and women's accounts. HCP, pregnant women, and mothers recognized that several factors might have influenced their infant feeding decisions including healthcare facilities' policies and maternal work conditions. Although HCP believed that BF is the best way to feed newborns and young children, they routinely recommended CMF. On the other hand, pregnant women and mothers had a strong belief that BF is the best way to feed their babies. However, when women sought support from HCP, the latter often recommended switching to CMF.DiscussionThis study highlights the discordance between HCP perceptions and mothers' experiences of HCP recommendations about infant feeding. Our findings support a national call for policy actions.
Co-creation of human papillomavirus self-sampling delivery strategies for cervical cancer screening in rural Zimbabwe: nominal group technique
Authors: Dzobo Mathias , Dzinamarira Tafadzwa , Murewanhema Grant , Chishapira Tatenda , Dube Mandishora Racheal S. , Fitzpatrick Megan , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling is recommended for cervical cancer screening, particularly among women who do not participate in or have access to current screening methods offered in Zimbabwe. Key stakeholder involvement is critical in co-creating acceptable delivery strategies for implementing HPV self-sampling to ensure demand and facilitate uptake by the target population. The main objective of this study was to engage key stakeholders in co-creating acceptable HPV self-sampling delivery strategies for cervical cancer screening in rural Zimbabwe.MethodsWe invited key stakeholders and employed a nominal group technique (NGT) for data collection. We employed the NGT to (1) identify barriers to access and utilisation of available cervical cancer screening services and (2) co-create delivery strategies for HPV self-sampling. The workshop included 8 participants (women n = 4, health workers n = 2 and policymakers n = 2). Quantitative data was gathered by ranking ideas and qualitative data were collected from participant group discussions and analysed thematically. The results of the ranking exercise were fed back to the participants for comments.ResultsThe most significant barriers to accessing and utilising current cervical cancer screening services by women were: Inadequate information and education on cervical cancer, lack of resources and funding for cervical cancer programmes, long distances to nearest health facilities, and low perceived personal risk of cervical cancer. Key stakeholders recommended enhanced education and awareness, results notification, linkage to care, community-based self-sampling, and the choice of sampling devices as potential HPV self-sampling delivery strategies.ConclusionOur study demonstrated the utility of the NGT for reaching a consensus. Using the NGT, we established priority delivery strategies for HPV self-sampling cervical cancer screening. Adequate education and awareness, early results notification, choice of sampling device and community-based self-sampling were crucial to HPV self-sampling screening in rural Zimbabwe. The proposed delivery strategies can guide the development of guidelines for designing and implementing an HPV self-sampling intervention. We recommend a study to determine women's most preferred HPV self-sampling delivery strategies before implementing the intervention.
Interactive associations of smoking and physical activity with metabolic syndrome in adult men in Korea
Authors: Kim Minjun , Kim Joonwoong , Lee Inhwan 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the association of smoking and physical activity (PA) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adult men in Korea.MethodsThis study analyzed data of 7,229 adult men aged 19–64 years obtained from the 2014–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Information on smoking habits was obtained using KNHANES data, while that on total PA (TPA), leisure-time PA (LTPA), and occupational PA (OPA) was collected using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Smoking status was classified into non-smokers and smokers, and PA was categorized into three groups (total, leisure time, and occupational) according to the time spent engaging in moderate or high-intensity PA areas. The diagnosis of MetS was based on the Adult Treatment Program III of the National Cholesterol Education Program and Koreans’ waist circumference criteria.ResultsLogistic regression revealed that the risk of MetS was significantly lower in non-smokers than in smokers, even after adjusting for all covariates. The risk of MetS was significantly lower in individuals who engaged in at least 150 min of moderate- and high-intensity TPA or LTPA per week than in those who did not engage in PA. Furthermore, smokers who engaged in at least 150 min of moderate- to high-intensity TPA and LTPA per week had a significantly lower risk of MetS than those who did not engage in PA. Meanwhile, OPA was not associated with MetS.ConclusionThe findings suggest that engaging in moderate- to high-intensity TPA or LTPA for at least 150 min per week attenuates the risk of MetS caused by smoking.
The association between subjective anti-doping knowledge and objective knowledge among Japanese university athletes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Murofushi Yuka , Kamihigashi Etsuko , Kawata Yujiro , Yamaguchi Shinji , Nakamura Miyuki , Fukamachi Hanako , Aono Hiroshi , Takazawa Yuji , Naito Hisashi 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the association between subjective anti-doping knowledge (subjective ADK) and objective anti-doping knowledge (objective ADK) among Japanese university athletes, framed within the context of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).MethodsEligible participants were 486 university athletes [320 men (65.8%), 166 women; mean age of 18.9 ± 1.0 years]. The participants categorized themselves in terms of the quality of their anti-doping knowledge. This assessment resulted in an independent variable coded as “(1) substantial lack of adequate knowledge,” “(2) some lack of adequate knowledge,” “(3) fair amount of knowledge” or “(4) good amount of knowledge.” Objective ADK was assessed using the Athlete Learning Program about Health and Anti-Doping (ALPHA) test, a set of questions derived from the ALPHA—a former World Anti-Doping Agency e-learning program. The test comprises 12 questions (four choices each; passing index: ≧10 points or 80% correct answer rate). ANCOVA was conducted using subjective ADK as an independent variable and ALPHA scores as a dependent variable, adjusting for confounding factors (anti-doping experience).ResultsThe ALPHA corrected answer rate across subjective ADK levels for the group were 73.10% for “(1) substantial lack of adequate knowledge,” 71.97% for “(2) some lack of adequate knowledge,” 75.18% for “(3) fair amount of knowledge” and 72.86% for “(4) good amount of knowledge.” Comparison between different levels of subjective ADK revealed no significant differences in ALPHA score considering the main effects or any of their interactions.DiscussionThe present results revealed that Japanese university athletes’ subjective ADK did not match their objective ADK. In the context of the TPB, there may be limitations in the perceived behavioral control in anti-doping knowledge. Even if athletes view doping as a wrongful act and have formed attitudes and subjective norms to comply with the rules, the results suggest that errors may occur in the composition of behavioral intentions due to a lack of knowledge. This could lead to the possibility of facing the risk of unintentional anti-doping rule violations. It highlights the need for targeted educational interventions to align subjective ADK of athletes with their objective ADK.
Effect of market participation on the food and nutrition security status of the rural smallholder farmers: the case of Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces, South Africa
Authors: Hlatshwayo Simphiwe Innocentia , Ojo Temitope Oluwaseun , Ngidi Mjabuliseni Simon Cloapas 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionHunger and malnutrition remain serious issues in developing countries, particularly in rural regions. Increased market participation of smallholder farmers can result in improved livelihood and nutrition outcomes. However, smallholder farmers encounter several obstacles that hinder their ability to participate in the market. As a result, the objective of this study is to investigate the factors that influence market participation and its impact on household nutrition security.MethodsThe study relied on secondary data gathered from a sample size of 1,520 people. About 389 of smallholder farmers participated in the market.Results and DiscussionThe results from Food Consumption Score (FSC) cut-off points showed that in the overall sample households, 54% were within the acceptable food consumption diets (&gt;35), while 30 and 16% were in the borderline (21.5–35) and poor diets (0–21), respectively. According to the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) findings, 57% of smallholder farmers in the total population sample consumed highly diverse diets (consisting of at least six food groups), while 25 and 18% of smallholder farmers consumed diets with medium dietary diversity (consisting of 4–5 food groups) and low dietary diversity (consisting of at most three food groups), respectively. The results from marginal analysis showed that gender of household head, receiving social grants and higher wealth index had a positive impact on market participation. The results from Poisson endogenous treatment effect model showed that household size, ownership of livestock, social grant, wealth index, access to market information, and involvement in crop production had a positive and statistically significant impact on household nutrition security. On the other hand, agricultural assistance showed a negative and significant impact on household nutrition security.Conclusion and RecommendationsIt can be concluded that an improvement in agricultural assistance can improve the household nutrition security status. The improvement of agricultural assistance is more associated with improvement of extension services, which can lead to more production of diverse crops and more market participation. Health extension workers need to do more nutrition programs and workshops in rural areas. These programs and workshops will be intended on providing nutrition education, which will create awareness to smallholder farmers on diverse and balanced food items they should produce, sell, and consume.
Effects of Leymus chinensis hay and alfalfa hay on growth performance, rumen microbiota, and untargeted metabolomics of meat in lambs
Authors: Wang Hanning , Meng Lingbo , Mi Lan 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of Leymus chinensis hay and alfalfa hay as the roughage on the rumen bacterial and the meat metabolomics in lambs.MethodsFourteen male lambs were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments (one group was fed with concentrate and Leymus chinensis hay; another was fed with concentrate and alfalfa hay) with seven replicates per treatment. The feeding experiment lasted for 60 days. Lambs were slaughtered at the end of the feeding experiment. Growth performance, carcass performance, and weights of various viscera were determined. The longissimus dorsi and rumen contents were collected for untargeted metabolomics and 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing analysis, respectively.ResultsThe lambs fed with alfalfa hay showed a significantly increased in average daily gain, carcass weight, dressing percentage, loin-eye area, and kidney weight. Feeding Leymus chinensis hay and alfalfa hay diets resulted in different meat metabolite deposition and rumen bacterial communities in the lambs. The relative abundance of phyla Fibrobacteres, Bacteroidetes, and Spirochaetes were greater in the Leymus Chinensis hay group, while, the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia were greater in the alfalfa hay group. Based on untargeted metabolomics, the main altered metabolic pathways included alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism. Several bacteria genera including BF31, Alistipes, Faecalibacterium, Eggerthella, and Anaeroplasma were significantly correlated with growth performance and meat metabolites.ConclusionAlfalfa hay improved growth performance and carcass characteristics in lambs. Leymus chinensis hay and alfalfa hay caused different meat metabolite deposition by modifying the rumen bacterial community. These findings will be beneficial to future forage utilization for sheep growth, carcass performance, and meat quality improvement.
Using thin-film transistor with thick oxygen-doped Si–Zn–Sn–O channel and patterned Pt/NiO capping layer to enhance ultraviolet light sensing performance
Authors: Ko Rong-Ming , Wang Shui-Jinn , Chen Yu-Hao , Liao Chang-Yu , Wu Chien-Hung 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Improving the photodetection performance of thin-film transistor (TFT)-based UV photodetectors (UVPDs), using thick channel layers to promote photocurrent (I
ph) or using thin channel layers to suppress dark current (I
dark) is typically a trade-off. In this work, UVPDs based on oxygen-doped Si-Zn-Sn-O (SZTO) TFT with a stack of Pt/NiO capping layers (CLs) to release the trade-off between I
dark and I
ph are demonstrated. The Pt CL creates a wide depletion region in the channel layer to allow the use of thick channels, but still maintains low I
dark, while the NiO CL forms a pn heterojunction to provide additional photogenerated carriers and enhance I
ph under UV irradiation. Experimental results show that the proposed 95 nm-thick oxygen-doped SZTO TFT with a stack of Pt/NiO dual CLs exhibits an excellent photoresponsivity of 2026 A W−1 and photosensitivity of 9.3 × 107 A A−1, which are about 76× and 82.5× higher than a conventional 45 nm-thick SZTO TFT under 275 nm UV irradiation.
PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP PENERAPAN MODEL GAME BASED LEARNING PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Jihan Nabila  , Rury Rizhardi  , Hermansyah  
Published: November 2023

Pembelajaran matematika merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang dianggap sulit bagi banyak siswa. Sehingga banyak siswa yang memiliki persepsi yang kurang baik terhadap matematika. Berdasarkan hal tesesebut maka masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana persepsi siswa terhadap penerapan model game based learning pada pembelajaran matematika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap penerapan model game based learning pada pembelajaran matematika. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi siswa terhadap penerapan model game based learning adalah sangat baik. Hal ini berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan angket dengan hasil wawancara 19 siswa memiliki perepsi yang baik dan 7 siswa memiliki persepsi yang memiliki cukup baik. Selain itu hasil angket memiliki 20 siswa yang memiliki persepsi sangat baik dan 6 siswa memiliki persepsi yang baik. Sehingga persepsi siswa terhadap penerapan model game based learning pada pembelajaran matematika adalah sangat baik.
Internal Activities in a Solar Filament and Heating in Its Threads
Authors: Wei Hengyuan , Huang Zhenghua , Li Chuan , Hou Zhenyong , Qiu Ye , Fu Hui , Bai Xianyong , Xia Lidong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Filaments are one of the most common features in the solar atmosphere and are of significance in solar, stellar, and laboratory plasma physics. Using data from the Chinese Hα Solar Explorer, the Solar Upper Transition Region Imager, and the Solar Dynamics Observatory, we report on multiwavelength imaging and spectral observations of the activation of a small filament. The filament activation produces several localized dynamic brightenings, which are probably produced by internal reconnections of the braided magnetic fields in the filament. The filament expands during the activation, and its threads reconnect with the ambient magnetic fields, which leads to the formation of hot arcades or loops overlying the filament. The thermal energy of each of these localized brightenings is estimated in the order of 1025–1027 erg, and the total energy is estimated to be ∼1.77 × 1028 erg. Our observations demonstrate that the internal magnetic reconnections in the filament can lead to localized heating in the filament threads and prompt external reconnections with ambient corona structures and thus could contribute to the energy and mass transferring into the corona.
Trauma-Informed Professional Development: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Kobina Audrey , Gilroy Heidi 
Published: November 2023

Goal:
This study reports an analysis of the concept of trauma-informed professional development as it applies to staff nurses in health care organizations.

Background:
There is an urgent need for interventions to protect staff nurses from the psychological impact of traumatic events. By integrating the principles of trauma-informed care into professional development practices, nursing professional development practitioners have a unique opportunity to support nurses and help to promote recovery from trauma-related mental health outcomes. Data were obtained from a content searching service.

Method:

Walker and Avant's approach to concept analysis was used (
2019
).

Results:
An operational definition of the concept of trauma-informed professional development as applied to staff nurses in health care organizations was developed. Potential benefits include staff nurse well-being, empowerment, resilience, and enhanced competency. Potential consequences for health care organizations include increased staff morale and retention.

Conclusion:

By applying trauma-informed professional development activities, nursing professional development practitioners can minimize negative consequences when teaching topics that could unintentionally adversely affect some participants.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(2):69–77.]
Comparison of One-Year Postinjury Mobility Outcomes Between Locomotor Training and Usual Care After Motor Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Tefertiller Candace , Wojciehowski Sandra , Sevigny Mitch , Ketchum Jessica M. , Rozwod Meghan 
Published: November 2023

Objectives:
To compare 1-year mobility outcomes of individuals with traumatic motor incomplete spinal cord injury (miSCI) who participated in standardized locomotor training (LT) within the first year of injury to those who did not.

Methods:
This retrospective case-control analysis conducted with six US rehabilitation hospitals used SCI Model Systems (SCIMS) data comparing 1-year postinjury outcomes between individuals with miSCI who participated in standardized LT to those who received usual care (UC). Participants were matched on age, gender, injury year, mode of mobility, and rehabilitation center. The primary outcome is the FIM Total Motor score. Other outcomes include the FIM Transfer Index, FIM Stairs, and self-reported independence with household mobility, community mobility, and stairs.

Results:
LT participants reported significantly better FIM Total Motor (difference = 2.812, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.896, 17.282) and FIM Transfer Index scores (difference = 0.958, 95% CI = 0.993, 4.866). No significant between-group differences were found for FIM Stairs (difference = 0.713, 95% CI = −0.104, 1.530) or self-reported household mobility (odds ratio [OR] = 5.065, CI = 1.435, 17.884), community mobility (OR = 2.933, 95% CI = 0.868, 9.910), and stairs (OR = 5.817, 95% CI = 1.424, 23.756) after controlling for multiple comparisons.

Conclusion:
LT participants reported significantly greater improvements in primary and secondary measures of mobility and independence (FIM Total Motor score; FIM Transfer Index) compared to UC participants. Self-reported mobility outcomes were not significant between groups.