bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modèle et assignation pour une désambiguïsation du lexique
Authors: Cyrille Loua Kouassi , Félix Kouakou Koffi 
Published: September 2023

Model and Assignment for Lexicon Disambiguation
Any communication shall relate to the parties from whom it requires cooperation and contribution. In this sense, communication is optimal only when it is cooperative or contributory. But some sentences or phrases called ambiguous make this task quite complex. The interlocutor is then asked to choose between at least two possible interpretations. So how does the interlocutor manage to opt for one interpretation against another? The aim of this study is to propose models and assignments as satisfactory ways of dealing with ambiguities. To do this, we submitted a corpus of 100 sentences elaborated in French, to Baoulé speakers for a translation in this language. If we consider for example, in an isolated way the baoulé sentence [kófī sū sí àblé] which can be gloated by "Koffi dance" or " Koffi hits the corn ", we realize that communication becomes non-contributory because the receiver will have difficulty in choosing the proper interpretation. Being syntactic and semantic, the ambiguity will be treated from the angle of interpretation (meaning) since all syntax aims to convey a message that is endowed with meaning. Models and assignments provide useful information for this purpose. Indeed, in the model, area A identifies all potential individuals affected by the statement. The semantic value of a predicate constant is then an F function of an individual or set of individuals, depending on the arity of the predicate. However, this model for interpreting the constants of individuals does not associate the variables on which the ambiguity may sometimes be based. It could be personal pronouns or common names. It is at this level that the assignment finds its interest. Through the function g, a value of the domain A is assigned to the variable in order to conduct the interpretation.
Zur Landeskunde des deutschsprachigen Raumes in Ägypten
Authors: Hassan Ramadan Nasr 
Published: September 2023

On Regional Studies of German-Speaking Areas in Egypt
In Egypt — and in many other Arab countries — German as a foreign language plays a significant role both in education and in higher education. In the German departments of the various universities, there is a main course of study in German studies, and the departments also oversee German lessons and German courses in other departments and faculties. Foreign language didactics have almost never been used in Germany. Since the modern language reform, which has advocated a pragmatic, fact-oriented, real history, "regional studies" has been regarded as unnecessarily abbreviating, merely geographical knowledge. This narrow meaning of regional studies lats in travel guides, in which natural regional studies, which can hardly be influenced by humans, a versatile communication module for written and oral communication, an electronic corrector for free text input by the learners, and a presentation module for synchronized lectures. The conception of the platform is based on media didactic aspects, i.e. with the aim of achieving added media didactic value. Empirical studies (e.g. in the area of learning efficiency of grammar animations) show that this added value is actually achieved with the platform and its implementation in uni-deutsch.de
Im Spagat zwischen Zebra und Kuh Literaturübersetzen als Kulturtransfer am Beispiel von Azouz Begag (Nicht nur) Ein Praxisbericht
Authors: Keil Regina 
Published: September 2023

Les œuvres littéraires sont presque entrecoupées d'images linguistiques, de métaphores, de comparaisons, de realia et d'idiomes d'un monde complètement différent de la langue et de la vie, qui documentent et reflètent la double ou triple identité culturelle de leurs auteurs. Le Gone du Chaâba est un parfait exemple de cette réalité. Béni ou le Paradis privé est un autre exemple qui révèle la complexité du transfert culturel lorsqu'il est traduit d'une langue à l'autre. Dans cet article, je me pencherai sur les problèmes de traduction des éléments culturels dans les romans de Azouz Beggag. Ensuite, je discuterai des différentes ambiguïtés en terminant par quelques solutions. On pourrait certes faire une analyse beaucoup plus détaillée et systématique, notamment des problèmes de traduction interculturelle et métalinguistique que soulèvent les romans de Azouz Begag mais j'espère avoir au moins fait prendre conscience qu'une traduction est beaucoup plus un processus, un travail -en cours qu'un produit fini depuis toujours, et surtout lorsqu'il s'agit d'une traduction, qui se situe à l'intersection de trois langues et de leurs cultures sous-jacentes.
ترجمة النص الشكسبيري
Authors: حفيظة بلقاسمي 
Published: September 2023

Le théâtre de Shakespeare est une source qui a marqué de son empreinte les caractéristiques artistiques du théâtre anglais en particulier et du théâtre mondial en général. Il a composé la plupart de ses pièces sous forme de poésie transmise, et le théâtre poétique s'appuie principalement du côté du dialogue sur la musique, le rythme, et la manipulation des mots. Shakespeare aimait les évasions et la manipulation des mots et des expressions, qu'il remplissait d'émotions intenses et d'idées lumineuses pour exprimer dans sa langue distincte les vérités profondes de l'âme humaine.Il est donc inévitable de reconnaître que la traduction du texte théâtral est un processus épineux et complexe, car le théâtre est une forme d'art distincte qui a ses propres particularités, en ce sens qu'il s'agit d'un texte lié au théâtre, écrit pour être entendu par le public, et non écrit pour être lu uniquement. La chose se complique si le théâtre se transmet de poésie, comme c'est le cas pour les pièces de Shakespeare.Cela signifie que quiconque prend la peine de traduire ces chefs-d'oeuvre de l'art dans une langue autre que l'anglais doit préserver cette quantité abondante d'images esthétiques et prendre en considération le langage poétique.C'est ce qu'a réalisé en réalité le traducteur Jabra Ibrahim Jabra, qui a réussi dans une large mesure à transmettre la plupart des pièces de Shakespeare, dont la pièce "Hamlet", selon la mécanique de la traduction littéraire dans ses normes stylistiques.
Il est regrettable que le traducteur Muayyad Al-Kilani ait cité le texte shakespearien, ce qui l'a amené à glisser dans de nombreuses abberations qui l'ont éloigné du contenu du texte original. Nous reconnaissons au traducteur sa tentative de préserver les techniques des personnages, de l'intrigue, du temps et de l'espace, mais il a déformé le texte en excluant les différences culturelles de la pièce, perdant ainsi sa charge esthétique créative.En conséquence, nous reconnaissons que le génie de Shakespeare mérite plus qu'une pause dans d'autres aspects. Nous l'avons traité dans la pièce "Hamlet" basée sur deux traductions différentes à un moment et intégrées à un autre moment, mais la recherche reste grande ouverte pour les chercheurs qui portent l'obsession shakespearienne de faire des folies de la vaste mer de Shakespeare et d'étudier le reste de ses chefs-d'oeuvre du monde qui a inspiré ses contemporains, et a ébloui tout le monde avec un sens et un goût artistique dans toutes les époques qui l'ont suivi.
ظاهرة الحذف من منظور الدراسات الأسلوبية
Authors: ملياني محمد 
Published: September 2023

لقد اعتنى الدارسون العرب القدامى بالعلاقة القائمة أساسا بين اللغة والفكر، وتفسير الظاهرة اللغويةتفسيرا عميقا معتمدين بالدرجة الاولى على البيئة التي نشأت فيها اللغة وطبيعتها الاجتماعية من خلال دراسةالروابط بين اجزاء التراكيب التي تتجسد فيها العادات اللغوية، والسلوكات الكلامية المتصلة بمناحي النطق والدلالة.كما اشتغل النحاة على الجملة العربية بوصفها تركيبا لفظيا يجري به النطق في سلسلة كلامية تتتابع الفاظها لتفضيالى معنى يحسن السكوت عليه لقد اعطى عبد القاهر الجرجاني أهمية كبيرة لثنائيه الذكر والحذف، وقارن بينطرفيها في كثرة التأثير والافادة والفصاحة وقلته وفي قرب المعنى وبعده، ان العملية التواصلية لا تقوم على الجملةالمظهرة كل الوحدات الدلالية الاساسية دائما وانما تحدث ايضا بنقص هذه الوحدات فيكون الصمت وسيلةمن وسائل التواصل. ومن ذلك تتجلى لنا تلك الجدلية القائمة بين الكلام والصمت في العملية التواصلية ليصبحبالإمكان تحقيق الوجه البلاغي بين المتكلم والمتلقي. وفي ضوء هذا الفهم خلص الباحث الى ان الحذف في البنية
اللسانية ليس فعلا مفروضا على القصيدة من الخارج وانما هو عمل واع وسمة من سمات القصيدة الحديثة ومظهرمن المظاهر الابداعية التي تعمل على استثمار الطاقات التعبيرية الهائلة التي تزخر بها اللغة العربية.
التأويل عند ابن جني
Authors: معراجي عمر 
Published: September 2023

إن ثقافات هذا الوجود تبحث في الكثير من أحوالها عن الأهداف والنتائج، فالوصول إلى نتيجةالش يء وهدفه كان ولا زال الكل منا يسعى بطريقته الخاصة إلى الوقوف عندها، ثم إن الإشكال الذييحط بنفسه ضمن هذه الدراسة هو كيف يمكن لنا أن نجد تصورا معرفيا حديثا يبعث فيه صاحبهبإجابة كافية شافية عن مآزق التأويل التي أضحت تقول الناس ما لم يقولوا بصفته هاجسا معرفيا تستندعليه الألسنية الحديثة في تناول قضاياها العلمية؟ وهل نجد في كتابات أهل التراث من نحويين وغيرهمسبيل الاغناء في هذا الجانب؟ وهل نجد في موروثاتنا العلمية والفكرية ممثلة في شخص ابن جني في كتابهالخصائص ما يضمن لنا الوصول إلى هذه الأهداف المرجوة؟ إذن كيف كان ابن جني يتعامل مع آلةالتأويل في القضايا اللغوية التي كان يعالجها في كتابه المذكور؟ إن الكيفية التي عالج بها علماء التأويل،
التأويل في الدرس اللساني الحديث، كانت عبارة عن تخريجات لغوية أو نحوية، والتي هي في حقيقة الأمرحديث اللغويين المعاصرين والعمل الذي نسعى نحن إلى تحقيقه ليس هذا، ذلك أننا نحاول أن نسلطالضوء على الكيفية التي رأى بها ابن جني في كتابه الخصائص- اللغة –من كونها نصا رمزيا يحمل في طياتهشحنا سيميائية بالغة الأهمية. ليخلص البحث إلى أن عملية التأويل في كتاب الخصائص لابن جني لهيأوسع من تلك الحفريات البسيطة والنبش القليل الذي يأخذ أحيانا بالقشور، ولا يمر إلى اللب أو الجوهرإلا في القليل منها.
Zu Bertolt Brechts Sonett „Über Kleists ´Prinz von Homburg´
Authors: Mokadem Fatima 
Published: September 2023

On Bertolt Brecht's sonnet "About Kleist's 'Prinz von Homburg'
In addition to his plays, socio-critical, war and love poems, Bertolt Brecht (b. 1898, died 1956) wrote eight art-critical sonnets. which he called "Studies" and published in 1951 in the 11th issue of "Versuche". These sonnets were written during the exile in the years 1934-1940. Brecht is referring here to classic, mostly literary (both lyrical and dramatic) works whose authors are considered classics in the sense of Brecht. Without exception, the sonnets in question deal with works of the past, more than half of the analyzes in the “Studies” refer to works of the German classics, three of them to those of the Weimar Classic. The "Studies" published in 1951 are not about an overall assessment of a classic work, positive or negative, but about conveying reservations about traditional literary material, which Brecht considers worthy of being examined and looked at again. These include the sonnet "About Kleist's play 'Der Prinz von Homburg'", which refers to the play "Prinz Friedrich von Homburg", which stands at the end of German classicism and which Heinrich von Kleist wrote between 1809 and 1811 as the last work before his suicide Has. In this contribution, which I presented as a lecture at the Humboldt University in Berlin in June 2010, I attempt to carry out a linguistic analysis of this sonnet in three points. First I give a brief overview of the development of Heinrich von Kleist's drama "Der Prinz Friedrich von Homburg", then about the critical sonnets "Studies" by Bertolt Brecht, then historical and socio-critical aspects are explained using examples from B. Brecht's sonnet "Über Kleists' Prince of Homburg'” highlighted.
الحزم الصوتية ودورها في التحليل الطيفي للمنطوق العربي
Authors: ابراهيمي بوداود 
Published: September 2023

Phonetic beams and their role in the spectral analysis of the Arabic pronunciation
The basis of every linguistic normative, was its pronunciation, and its vocal performance and acoustic studies became an important basis upon which linguistic research is based, morphological, grammatical, lexical and semantic, and it was natural to derive the premises of research from the applied means available on the phonetic lessons, whether they were anatomical means or physical or by making use of modern technical data. Moreover, the Arabic linguistic phoneme constitutes a composition of the basic units upon which the linguistic levels are based, but the distinction between consonants and vowels remains of great theoretical and scientific importance, from the phonetic side and at all analytical levels. Between the consonant and the vowel, rather it attempts to analyze the elements of the linguistic sound and divide it abstractly; So that we have done the process of construction and installation to clear the picture of the linguistic sound in both parts.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN REWARDTERHADAPMOTIVASI BELAJARSISWA:STUDIDI KELAS TINGGI SD INPRES 3/77 PANYILI KECAMATAN PALAKKA KABUPATEN BONE
Authors: Abd Kadir. A  , Sudarto Sudarto , Dandi Dandi 
Published: September 2023

This study was a cause-and-effect correlation study that aimed to determine whether there was or there was not an effect of rewarding to the learning motivation of students in the high grades of SD Inpres 3/77 Panyili. The research data was obtained through a questionnaire. The population in the study was all of the high-grade students of SD Inpres 3/77 Panyili for the 2021/2022 academic year, in acount 48 people.Data analysis techniques include Prerequisite Test and Simple Linear Regression Analysis and t Test. The results showed that Fhitung (0.3038) ˃ Ftabel (0.0725) which meant that the provision of rewards and student learning motivation with in a linear pattern, KP = 23.04% which meant that the reward for student learning motivation was of 23.04% and thitung (3,670) > ttabel (1,125).Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant influence of rewarding to the the learning motivation of high-grade students of SD Inpres 3/77 Panyili. So, the better the reward given, the better the student's learning motivation
Application of design of experiments for development and characterization of coprocessed excipients using Lapidium Sativum
Authors: Nahar Pratiksha Prayag , Kamble Ravindra 
Published: September 2023

The development of novel excipients with enhanced functionality has been explored using particle engineering by co-processing. The aim of this study was to improve the functionality of Lapidium Sativum for direct compression by co-processing with MCC pH 101 and PVP K30 in optimized proportions. Design of Experiment (DoE) was employed to optimize the composition of the co-processed excipient using the desirability function and other supporting studies as a basis for selecting the optimized formulation. The co-processed excipient was thereafter developed by the method of spraydrying. Flow and compaction studies of coprocessed excipient were carried out in comparison to its parent component and physical mixture. Tablets were prepared by direct compression (DC) containing Venlafaxine hydrochloride (100 mg) as a model for poor compressibility. Tablets produced with CPE were satisfactory and conformed to USP specifications for acceptable tablets. The application of DoE was successful in optimizing and developing a starch-based co-processed excipient that can be considered for direct compression tableting.
The Role of Macrophages in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Review
Authors: Zhao Weiye , Xu Hao , Zhang Hanwen , Yan Bin 
Published: September 2023

Review
The Role of Macrophages in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Review

Weiye Zhao 1,2,3, Hao Xu 1,2,3, Hanwen Zhang 4,5,*, and Bin Yan 1,2,3,*

1 Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
3 Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China
4 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
5 Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
* Correspondence: hanwenzhang@njmu.edu.cn(Hanwen Zhang); byan@njmu.edu.cn (Bin Yan);

Received: 24 April 2023
Accepted: 12 June 2023

Abstract: Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is facilitated by the induction of mechanical force, which triggers a sterile inflammatory response in the periodontal tissues. This response, in turn, coordinates the processes of bone resorption and formation. Through an extensive review of the existing literature on the biology of OTM, it becomes evident that macrophages play a pivotal role in all stages of the process. Furthermore, researchers have identified various emerging drugs and biological agents that target the behavior of macrophages, aiming to regulate and control the rate of OTM. To date, most studies have primarily focused on investigating the effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on the rate of OTM and elucidating their specific mechanisms. However, there is a notable absence of reports specifically addressing drugs capable of accelerating tooth movement. Nonetheless, in other fields, such as the promotion of fracture healing, techniques for modulating macrophage function using bio-scaffolds or sustained-release formulations loaded with cytokines or drugs have demonstrated significant advancements. Thus, these techniques hold promise as important avenues for future research and development, exploring the potential of macrophages in regulating the rate of OTM.
PENERAPAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS POWER POINT PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KELAS IV SD NEGERI SIMPANG GEGAS TEMUAN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Sari Eka Aryunita , Mulyono Dodik , Kusnanto R. Angga Bagus 
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the completeness of mathematics learning outcomes for grade IV students of elementary of school Simpang Gegas Temuan. After applying interactive multimedia based on power points. The research method used in this study was a quasi-experimental, with a one group pretest-postest design. The data collection technique in the form of an essay with a total of nine questions. The sample is grade four students, totaling 14 students. Data analysis technique with steps : calculating the average, and standard deviation, normality test and hypothesis testing. The result of the learning outcomes of grade IV students of elementary of school Simpang Gegas Temuan mathematics were significantly completed ofter the application of interactive multimedia based on power point. This in evident from the final test using the z test at a significant level = 0,05 ontained zcount (11,04) > ztable (1,64). So that is can be conclude that the learning outcomes of grade IV students of elementary of school Simpang Gegas Temuan are significantly completed after the application of interactive multimedia based on power points.

Keywords : interactive multimedia based on power point
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF DAN MISKONSEPSI PEMBELAJARAN IPA MATERI KALOR PADA MAHASISWA CALON GURU SEKOLAH DASAR DI STKIP NASIONAL
Authors: Surya Adi Darma , Tajqiyah Lina , Refiarni Refiarni , Sumarno Sumarno , Siswanto Joko 
Published: September 2023

Pendidikan melalui program pembelajaran pada dasarnya mempunyai tujuan untuk menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas. Untuk mewujudkannya calon guru harus memiliki kemampuan yang baik dalam memahami konsep-konsep dasar suatu bidang ilmu. Fakta menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman calon guru terhadap konsep-konsep dalam pembelajaran IPA masih rendah. Seringkali ditemukan kesalahan pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap suatu konsep ilmu (miskonsepsi) dan bahkan sama sekali tidak memahaminya. Apabila miskonsepsi mahasiswa calon guru ini dibiarkan, maka akan menimbulkan miskonsepsi yang berkelanjutan pada peserta didik, sehingga akan mempengaruhi kualitas outuput pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan kognitif dan kaitannya dengan miskonsepsi pembelajaran IPA materi kalor pada mahasiswa calon guru sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan objek penelitian yaitu mahasiswa calon guru sekolah dasar di STKIP Nasional. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah There Tier-Test yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi yang terjadi pada calon guru SD. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum mahasiswa mengalami miskonsepsi pada materi kalor dengan persentase sebesar 52,43% dan hanya 23,13% yang sudah memahami dengan baik konsep-konsep pada materi kalor. Selebihnya terdapat miskonsepsi (false negative) sebesar 15,16% dan miskonsepsi (false positive) sebesar 8,27%. Dengan demikian diperlukan inovasi baik pada strategi, media atau model pembelajaran sehingga pemahaman mahasiswa calon guru SD khususnya pada konsep-konsep materi kalor semakin baik dan tidak terjadi miskonsepsi yang terus berkelanjutan.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KARTU KUARTET TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wijayanti Novita , Nurhasanah Aan , Nugraha Febby Fajar 
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS karena banyaknya materi pelajaran yang penuh dengan hafalan mengakibatkan pembelajaran monoton dan kurangnya penggunaan media pembelajaran membuat siswa bosan dan malas dalam proses pembelajaran. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar (posttest) pada siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran Kartu Kuartet dengan siswa yang menggunakan metode ceramah pada mata pelajaran IPS kelas IV SDN 1 Awirarangan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eskperimental dengan desain penelitian nonequivalet Control Grup postest – pretest deign, dengan subjek penelitian yang terdiri dari kelas IV A sebagai kelas eksperimen berjumlah 25 siswa sedangkan kelas IV B sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah 24 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes tulis bentuk essay. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dengan cara manual menggunakan rumus uji t dan rumus uji n-gain. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa hasil belajar siswa (posttest) yang menggunakan media pembelajaran Kartu Kuartet di peroleh uji t dengan nilai nilai thitung = 24,02 dengan mengambil taraf signifikansi 0,05 atau 5% dengan db 47 diperoleh ttabel = 1,67. Dengan demikian diperoleh thitung (24,02) > ttabel (1,67). Hasil penelitian tersebut menyatakan bahwa hipotesis pertama yang diajukan adalah H1 diterima. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran Kartu Kuartet. Nilai rata-rata gain siswa kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,57 dan kelas kontrol sebesar 0,17 dengan kriteria sedang, hal ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran Kartu Kuartet dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS di kelas IV SDN 1 Awirarangan.