bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of fractional microneedle radiofrequency for atrophic acne scars: A real‐world clinical study of 126 patients
Authors: Ding Ziwei , Guo Yuan , Guo Yuehong , Tang Yanqiu , Yin Xufeng , Hua Hui , Zhou Zhanchao , Zhou Bingrong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of fractional microneedle radiofrequency (FMR) for facial atrophic acne scars in a real‐world setting.MethodsThe clinical data of patients with atrophic acne scars who had received FMR therapy from February 2018 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The improvement of atrophic acne scars was assessed using the ECCA Grading Scale (échelle d'évaluation clinique des cicatrices d'acné), Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), and modified Manchester Scar Scale (mMSS). Adverse reactions during FMR treatment were also recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FMR for atrophic acne scars.ResultsA total of 126 patients with facial atrophic acne scars were included. A total of 590 FMR treatment sessions were accomplished, with each of 82 patients receiving 4 or more treatment sessions, and 1 receiving a maximum of 14 sessions. All patients showed improvement in symptoms after FMR treatment, with moderate to significant improvement (ECCA score reduction of 26%–100%) in 92 (73.0%) patients. As the number of treatment sessions increased, the ECCA score gradually decreased from an average of 85.6 before to 35.0 after FMR. The average scores for distortion, color, and visual analogue scale (VAS) of mMSS all showed certain reductions. The change in GAIS score indicated improvement after treatment, with minimal improvement in 16 patients (12.7%), good improvement in 57 patients (45.2%), significant improvement in 45 patients (35.7%), and optimal improvement in 8 patients (6.4%). The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the long pulse width and the number of FMR treatment sessions were positively associated with clinical efficacy. Compared to the short pulse‐width group (200 ms), the longer pulse‐width group (300 ms) (odds ratio [OR] = 8.3, p = 0.003) and the even longer pulse‐width group (400–500 ms) (OR = 52.6, p < 0.001) demonstrated stronger efficacies. Patients who received more than three treatment sessions had better outcomes compared to those who received three or fewer treatment sessions (OR = 4.0, p = 0.036). All patients experienced posttreatment transient erythema, but no crusting, infection, or blister. Six cases developed grid‐like erythema around 1 month posttreatment and one case experienced hyperpigmentation, both of which resolved within 1–3 months after appropriate management.ConclusionFMR is a safe and effective treatment modality for improving facial atrophic acne scars, and the number of FMR treatment sessions and pulse width are associated with clinical efficacy.
Orthotopic forelimb transplantation in a Yucatan minipig model: Anatomic and in vivo study
Authors: Figueroa Brian A. , Ordenana Carlos X. , Rezaei Majid , Said Sayf A. , Fahradyan Vahe , Dalla Pozza Edoardo , Orfahli Lynn M. , Madajka Maria , Kopparthy Varun , Papay Frank , Rampazzo Antonio , Bassiri Gharb Bahar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAbove elbow transplants represent 19% of the upper extremity transplants. Previous large‐animal models have been too distal or heterotopic, did not use immunosuppression and had short survival. We hypothesize that an orthotopic forelimb transplant model, under standard immunosuppression, is feasible and can be used to address questions on peri‐transplant ischemia reperfusion injury, and post‐transplantation vascular, immunologic, infectious, and functional outcomes.Materials and methodsFour forelimbs were used for anatomical studies. Four mock transplants were performed to establish technique/level of muscle/tendon repairs. Four donor and four recipient female Yucatan minipigs were utilized for in‐vivo transplants (endpoint 90‐days). Forelimbs were amputated at the midarm and preserved through ex vivo normothermic perfusion (EVNP) utilizing an RBC‐based perfusate. Hourly perfusate fluid‐dynamics, gases, electrolytes were recorded. Contractility during EVNLP was graded hourly using the Medical Research Council scale. EVNP termination criteria included systolic arterial pressure ≥115 mmHg, compartment pressure ≥30 mmHg (at EVNP endpoint), oxygen saturation reduction of 20%, and weight change ≥2%. Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography was performed after revascularization. Limb rejection was evaluated clinically (rash, edema, temperature), and histologically (BANFF classification) collecting per cause and protocol biopsies (POD 1, 7, 30, 60 and endpoint). Systemic infections were assessed by blood culture and tissue histology. CT scan was used to confirm bone bridging at endpoint.ResultsAnimals 2, 4 reached endpoint with grade 0‐I rejection. Limbs 1, 3 presented grade III rejection on days 6, 61. CsA troughs averaged 461 ± 189 ng/mL. EVNLP averaged 4.3 ± 0.52 h. Perfusate lactate, PO2, and pH were 5.6 ± 0.9 mmol/L, 557 ± 72 mmHg and 7.5 ± 0.1, respectively. Muscle contractions were 4 [1] during EVNLP. Transplants 2, 3, 4 showed bone bridging on CT.ConclusionWe present preliminary evidence supporting the feasibility of an orthotopic, mid‐humeral forelimb allotransplantation model under standard immunosuppression regimen. Further research should validate the immunological, infectious, and functional outcomes of this model.
Value of multi‐center 18F‐FDG PET/CT radiomics in predicting EGFR mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zuo Yan , Liu Liu , Chang Cheng , Yan Hui , Wang Lihua , Sun Dazhen , Ruan Maomei , Lei Bei , Xia Xunpeng , Xie Wenhui , Song Shaoli , Huang Gang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccurate, noninvasive, and reliable assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and EGFR molecular subtypes is essential for treatment plan selection and individualized therapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Radiomics models based on 18F‐FDG PET/CT have great potential in identifying EGFR mutation status and EGFR subtypes in patients with LUAD. The validation of multi‐center data, model visualization, and interpretation are significantly important for the management, application and trust of machine learning predictive models. However, few EGFR‐related research involved model visualization and interpretation, and multi‐center trial.PurposeTo develop explainable optimal predictive models based on handcrafted radiomics features (HRFs) extracted from multi‐center 18F‐FDG PET/CT to predict EGFR mutation status and molecular subtypes in LUAD.MethodsBaseline 18F‐FDG PET/CT images of 383 LUAD patients from three hospitals and one public data set were collected. Further, 1808 HRFs were extracted from the primary tumor regions using Pyradiomics. Predictive models were built based on cross‐combination of seven feature selection methods and seven machine learning algorithms. Yellowbrick and explainable artificial intelligence technology were used for model visualization and interpretation. Receiver operating characteristic curve, classification report and confusion matrix were used for model performance evaluation. Clinical applicability of the optimal models was assessed by decision curve analysis.ResultsSTACK feature selection method combined with light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) reached optimal performance in identifying EGFR mutation status ([area under the curve] AUC = 0.81 in the internal test cohort; AUC = 0.62 in the external test cohort). Random forest feature selection method combined with LGBM reached optimal performance in predicting EGFR mutation molecular subtypes (AUC = 0.89 in the internal test cohort; AUC = 0.61 in the external test cohort).ConclusionsExplainable machine learning models combined with radiomics features extracted from multi‐center/scanner 18F‐FDG PET/CT have certain potential to identify EGFR mutation status and subtypes in LUAD, which might be helpful to the treatment of LUAD.
Alkali‐assisted functionalization of hexagonal boron nitride reinforced epoxy composite to improve the thermomechanical and anticorrosion performance for advanced thermal management
Authors: Kuila Chinmoy , Maji Animesh , Phadikar Ujjwal , Mallisetty Phani Kumar , Murmu Naresh Chandra , Kuila Tapas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA comprehensive methodology for fabricating and characterizing the tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) modified exfoliated boron nitride (eBN) reinforced epoxy resin (EP) composites has been demonstrated. The functionalized eBN was synthesized by solution‐mixing followed by alkali‐assisted hydrothermal reaction. The composites with various filler loadings (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt.%) were fabricated using solution casting method. The fundamental features of the composites were examined through tensile and bending properties, thermal properties, and anticorrosion properties. The synthesized TEOS‐eBN was utilized to improve the dispersibility and compatibility with the EP resin, which played a crucial role in improving the thermal conductivity as well as thermomechanical properties of the composites. The incorporation of filler in the EP matrix improved the thermomechanical as well as anticorrosion properties. The tensile and flexural tests were carried out according to ASTM D‐638 and ASTM‐D790, respectively. We discovered that the 5 wt.% of TEOS‐eBN in EP showed the optimum thermomechanical properties. The tensile strength and Tg were improved by ~74.71 and ~16.8% at 5 wt.% loading. The improved thermomechanical and anticorrosion properties of all the composites showed the potential to be efficient heat‐releasing material for thermal management and coating applications in automotive industries.Highlights
Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)‐exfoliated boron nitride (eBN) was synthesized by alkali‐assisted hydrothermal and solution mixing method.
The composite specimens exhibited excellent thermal conductivity.
The thermomechanical and anticorrosion performance were remarkably improved.
Optimal thermomechanical properties were obtained at 5% filler content.
Effect of polydopamine surface modification on the adhesive properties of nano‐injection molded metal‐polymer interfaces: A molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Xin Yong , Yuan Tian , Luo Xin , Liu DongLei , Evsyukov S. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNano‐injection molding technology is an important method for large‐scale production of metal‐polymer composites of various shapes. The mechanical properties of these materials are closely related to the interfacial process. In this work, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and copper (Cu) were selected as candidate polymer and metal materials, and constructed four different polydopamine (PDA) coatings, including monomer, dimer, linear tetramer, and cyclic tetramer, to modify metal surfaces. The molecular dynamics simulations were launched to investigate the interaction behavior of heterogeneous interfaces during nano‐injection molding and the mechanism by which polydopamine affects the adhesion behavior at the copper‐polyphenylene sulfide interface. Results showed that the addition of polydopamine caused the polymer chains to form many anchor points on the contact surface, which inhibited the wall‐slip behavior of the polymer and led to a mushroom‐like movement of the polymer on the wall surface. The interfacial energy, filling rate data revealed that polydopamine contributes to the enhancement of interfacial adhesion properties, and the polydopamine dimer structure is the most effective of the four configurations. The enhancement of interfacial adhesion mainly originates from the enhancement of non‐bonding interactions and entanglement anchoring between PPS‐PDA.Highlights
Polydopamine coating inhibits polymer slip behavior in nano‐injection molding.
Polydopamine enhances bond strength of metal‐polymer composites effectively.
Dopamine dimers have better adhesion properties than other structural dopamine.
Polydopamine coating alters the adhesion mechanism at heterogeneous interfaces.
The interface failure mode was closely related to the stress loading mode.
Top‐down ion mobility/mass spectrometry reveals enzyme specificity: Separation and sequencing of isomeric proteoforms
Authors: Berthias Francis , Bilgin Nurgül , Mecinović Jasmin , Jensen Ole N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEnzymatic catalysis is one of the fundamental processes that drives the dynamic landscape of post‐translational modifications (PTMs), expanding the structural and functional diversity of proteins. Here, we assessed enzyme specificity using a top‐down ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) workflow. We successfully applied trapped IMS (TIMS) to investigate site‐specific N‐ε‐acetylation of lysine residues of full‐length histone H4 catalyzed by histone lysine acetyltransferase KAT8. We demonstrate that KAT8 exhibits a preference for N‐ε‐acetylation of residue K16, while also adding acetyl groups on residues K5 and K8 as the first degree of acetylation. Achieving TIMS resolving power values of up to 300, we fully separated mono‐acetylated regioisomers (H4K5ac, H4K8ac, and H4K16ac). Each of these separated regioisomers produce unique MS/MS fragment ions, enabling estimation of their individual mobility distributions and the exact localization of the N‐ε‐acetylation sites. This study highlights the potential of top‐down TIMS‐MS/MS for conducting enzymatic assays at the intact protein level and, more generally, for separation and identification of intact isomeric proteoforms and precise PTM localization.
Dynamically Charged Spheres and their Stability in Einstein‐Gauss‐Bonnet Gravity
Authors: ur Rehman Atteeq , ul Haq Bhatti Muhammad Zaeem , Yousaf Zeeshan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectrically charged anisotropic fluid spheres with vanishing expansion scalar condition under the influence of a newly established gravitational scheme are investigated in this study, i.e., Einstein‐Gauss‐Bonnet (EGB) gravity. Glavan and Lin introduced this framework, in which they rescaled the coupling factor using and derived the gravitational field equations. The work of Herrera et al. is extended to explore the dynamical instability of charged spherically symmetric matter distribution in the context of EGB gravity. In this respect, dynamical equations, conservation equations, and junction conditions for charged sphere are computed. To study the evolution of considered system in the Newtonian and post‐Newtonian regimes against an expansion‐free background, several substantial restrictions are imposed employing a perturbation approach. This study showed that the adiabatic index () has no effect on the instability ranges in the aforementioned approximations. It is analyzed that the determination of these ranges solely attributed to the anisotropy of fluid surface pressures, radial profile, EGB factors, and charged intensity parameters along with the radial distribution of energy density.
The flaw of averages: Bayes factors as posterior means of the likelihood ratio
Authors: Liu Charles C. , Yu Ron Xiaolong , Aitkin Murray 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs an alternative to the Frequentist p‐value, the Bayes factor (or ratio of marginal likelihoods) has been regarded as one of the primary tools for Bayesian hypothesis testing. In recent years, several researchers have begun to re‐analyze results from prominent medical journals, as well as from trials for FDA‐approved drugs, to show that Bayes factors often give divergent conclusions from those of p‐values. In this paper, we investigate the claim that Bayes factors are straightforward to interpret as directly quantifying the relative strength of evidence. In particular, we show that for nested hypotheses with consistent priors, the Bayes factor for the null over the alternative hypothesis is the posterior mean of the likelihood ratio. By re‐analyzing 39 results previously published in the New England Journal of Medicine, we demonstrate how the posterior distribution of the likelihood ratio can be computed and visualized, providing useful information beyond the posterior mean alone.
Flavonoids derived from medicinal plants as a COVID‐19 treatment
Authors: Sopjani Mentor , Falco Francesca , Impellitteri Federica , Guarrasi Valeria , Nguyen Thi Xuan , Dërmaku‐Sopjani Miribane , Faggio Caterina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) causes COVID‐19 disease. Through its viral spike (S) protein, the virus enters and infects epithelial cells by utilizing angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 as a host cell's receptor protein. The COVID‐19 pandemic had a profound impact on global public health and economies. Although various effective vaccinations and medications are now available to prevent and treat COVID‐19, natural compounds derived from medicinal plants, particularly flavonoids, demonstrated therapeutic potential to treat COVID‐19 disease. Flavonoids exhibit dual antiviral mechanisms: direct interference with viral invasion and inhibition of replication. Specifically, they target key viral molecules, particularly viral proteases, involved in infection. These compounds showcase significant immunomodulatory and anti‐inflammatory properties, effectively inhibiting various inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, emerging evidence supports the potential of flavonoids to mitigate the progression of COVID‐19 in individuals with obesity by positively influencing lipid metabolism. This review aims to elucidate the molecular structure of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the underlying mechanism of action of flavonoids on the virus. This study evaluates the potential anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 properties exhibited by flavonoid compounds, with a specific interest in their structure and mechanisms of action, as therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of COVID‐19. Nevertheless, a significant portion of existing knowledge is based on theoretical frameworks and findings derived from in vitro investigations. Further research is required to better assess the effectiveness of flavonoids in combating SARS‐CoV‐2, with a particular emphasis on in vivo and clinical investigations.
Tanshinone IIA reverses gefitinib resistance in EGFR‐mutant lung cancer via inhibition of SREBP1‐mediated lipogenesis
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xu Chuncao , Huang Junyuan , Jiang Shiqin , Qin Zhiyan , Cao Lin , Tan Guoyao , Zhao Zhongxiang , Huang Min , Jin Jing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimGefitinib resistance is an urgent problem to be solved in the treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is one of the main active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which exhibits significant antitumor effects. The aim of this study is to explore the reversal effect of Tan IIA on gefitinib resistance in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐mutant NSCLC and the underlying mechanism.Experimental ProcedureCCK‐8, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry were applied to detect the cytotoxicity, proliferation, and apoptosis, respectively. The changes in lipid profiles were measured by electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (MS)/MS. Western blot, real‐time q‐PCR, and immunohistochemical were used to detect the protein and the corresponding mRNA levels. The in vivo antitumor effect was validated by the xenograft mouse model.Key ResultsCo‐treatment of Tan IIA enhanced the sensitivity of resistant NSCLC cells to gefitinib. Mechanistically, Tan IIA could downregulate the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and its downstream target genes, causing changes in lipid profiles, thereby reversing the gefitinib‐resistance in EGFR‐mutant NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions and ImplicationsTan IIA improved gefitinib sensitivity via SREBP1‐mediated lipogenesis. Tan IIA could be a potential candidate to enhance sensitivity for gefitinib‐resistant NSCLC patients.
Turbulent structural analysis of the combined fishway with vertical seam and bottom hole
Authors: Shen Chun‐ying , Chen Yu‐bin , Shi Xiao‐tao , Wang Ming‐ming , He Shi‐hua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe three‐dimensional flow velocities within the typical pool chamber of the rectangular fishway were measured in a vertical slit bottom‐hole combination fishway by a hydraulic model test using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV). This was aimed to analyze the effect of eddy structures within the pool chamber of the fishway on fish migration. Based on this, a numerical simulation study was conducted using the Reynolds mean model (RNG k‐ε) and large eddy simulation (LES). Additionally, the omega (Ω) eddy identification method was used to identify the eddy structure within the pool chamber of the fishway and dissect the flow characteristics of the water body within the pool chamber. The findings revealed that longitudinal flow velocity dominated the flow in the lower bottom layer of the pond. Moreover, the flow in the middle and upper layers was more turbulent and there is a phenomenon of backflow upstream, and the flow at the orifice was a divergent jet with the main flow slightly to the right bank, forming two vortices in opposite directions on both sides of the orifice. The fish passage mainly displayed the turbulent vortex structure, which can effectively slow down the water flow and provide a resting place for migratory fish. The vortex identification method can more accurately identify the vortex structure inside the flow field.
Sustainable development, environmental innovation and export firms: The moderating roles of external collaboration, creativity enhancement and internal development processes
Authors: Galbreath Jeremy , Chang Chia‐Yang , Tisch Daniel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExport firms are vital to a country's economic development and are distinctively positioned to engage in environmentally sustainable innovation. We extend the resource‐based view about the unique cross‐border challenges faced by export firms and the advantage they can generate from engaging in sustainable development. Using a large sample of 4949 Taiwanese export firms, our main effects test confirms the link between export firms and environmentally sustainable innovation. Furthermore, we find that creativity enhancement processes and internal development processes positively moderate the relationship, whereas external collaboration processes negatively moderate it. We contribute to the literature on the contingent factors that explain environmentally sustainable innovation for export firms. Additional tests are presented and discussed along with policy implications, future research directions and conclusions.