bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PCV and modified hill procedure as surgical treatment of reflux esophagitis: Results in 108 patients
Authors: Øster Morten J. , Csendes Attila , Funch‐Jensen Peter , Casalnuovo Carlos A. , Sørensen Finn Hanberg , Amdrup Eric 
Published: May 2005

AbstractParietal cell vagotomy (PCV) and the Hill antireflux procedure were used in 108 patients with reflux esophagitis. The addition of PCV provides better access to the cardia and ensures that more extensive vagotomy than intended does not occur. Furthermore, a reduction in the basal acid output (BAO) is preferable. In patients still symptomatic after surgery, the BAO was unchanged, while in those without postoperative symptoms a significant decrease in BAO was found (p < 0.01).Gastroesophageal sphincter pressure was significantly higher postoperatively in all patients. Complications were few; 92% were asymptomatic at 2 months, 88% at 1 year, and 71% at 2 years. A remarkable reduction in pulmonary symptoms after operation indicates a close relationship between chronic pulmonary disease and gastroesophageal reflux in some patients.
Hormonal control of the gastric motor response to feeding: Cross‐perfusion of an isolated stomach using a conscious donor dog
Authors: Pilot Marie ‐Anne , Thomas Paul A. , Gill Richard E. , Knight Matthew A. , Ritchie David H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the hormonal response of the gastric motor activity to a meal. A conscious donor dog was used to perfuse an isolated canine stomach placed in a chamber, using a pump‐oxygenator system for recirculation. Strain gauge transducers were used to record the motility of the isolated stomach. The donor dog was fed during the perfusion. An hour after the meal, the fed dog was replaced by a second fasted donor dog. Fasted motor activity in both the proximal and distal stomach was characterized by high‐amplitude contractions occurring in bursts every 10 minutes. After feeding, there was complete abolition of high‐amplitude contractions in the distal stomach in all 7 experiments. The proximal high‐amplitude contractions were abolished in 5 experiments, but were still present in 2, although the contractile pattern was irregular. When the fed dog was replaced by a fasted dog, characteristic fasting motor patterns were resumed in the isolated stomach. There was a delay of up to 17 minutes in the onset of both the postprandial changes in motility and the reappearance of fasted motor patterns. The changes in the motility pattern of the isolated stomach after feeding the donor dog point to a hormonal response.
Intragastric prosthesis for management of obesity
Authors: Miller Jimmy D. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDuring the fall and winter months of 1979–1980, nine dogs were variously studied using an intragastric prosthesis to investigate chronic gastric distention which might lead to reduced food intake and consequent weight loss. The rationale was that large gastric bezoars at times produced weight loss in humans. The prosthesis was a 250‐ml polyethylene bottle introduced at laparotomy, with the intent of subsequent peroral‐esophageal introduction if the initial studies produced weight loss. There was no significant difference between the animals harboring the intragastric prosthesis and the controls. Virtually no ill effects on the stomach itself were attributable to the long‐term residence of the prosthesis.
Anterior and low anterior resection
Authors: Heberer G. , Denecke H. , Pratschke E. , Teichmann R. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe various definitions of anterior and low anterior resection are outlined. The operative technique for performance of both and their perioperative management are described. Operative mortality in 157 patients operated on from 1973 to March 31, 1982, was 4.5% (7 of 157 patients) and had decreased to 1.9% (2 of 107 patients) within the last 5 years. The rate of anastomotic leakage also decreased concomitantly. Five‐year survival rates are similar to those reported in the literature; there was no difference between anterior and low anterior resection for tumors of Dukes' stage A‐C.
The use of staplers for anterior anastomoses
Authors: Beart R. W. , Wolff B. G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe EEA stapler is a convenient, well‐designed, and reliable instrument. It will anastomose the bowel with reliability and speed at least equivalent to hand‐sewn techniques, and probably offers a technical advantage in performing very low rectal anastomoses. Unfortunately, intraoperative misadventures are greater with this device than with hand‐sewn techniques, and its use would seem best restricted to those situations in which it has its greatest advantage. Postoperative complications are not increased by its use, but the long‐term incidence of anastomotic stricture and possibly increased rate of local recurrence need to be clarified.
Abdominoperineal excision
Authors: Krause Urban , Påhlman Lars , Thorén Lars 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe procedure and some problems of abdominoperineal excision are briefly outlined. Despite the advances in surgery and anesthesiology, survival has not improved in the last 30 years, and an overall 5‐year survival of about 30–35% is probably a reasonable estimate. However, the local extent of the tumor has proven to be a very good prognostic index as regards survival frequency, with patients whose tumors are Dukes' stage A having an almost 100% corrected 5‐year survival rate. A relatively high frequency of local recurrence has been noted after local curative operations for rectal cancer, the frequency usually being about 30–60% in unselected patient materials.
Radiation therapy of rectal cancer
Authors: Cohen Alfred M. , Gunderson Leonard L. , Welch Claude E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractPotentially curative surgery for cancer of the rectum and rectosigmoid is associated with frequent recurrence of the tumor in the pelvis. Data suggest that perioperative radiation therapy can considerably reduce the local failure rate. Pathological risk factors for local recurrence are described. Preoperative and postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy both appear to be effective. Postoperative radiation allows more accurate case selection based on operative findings and pathological staging. Patients with transmural tumor penetration and/or lymph node metastases appear to benefit from adjuvant radiation.
Palliative and adjunctive measures in rectal cancer
Authors: Fritsch A. , Seidl W. , Walzel C. , Moser K. , Schiessel R. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn this review we report our experience and that of others with palliative resection, fulguration, cryosurgery, and chemotherapy in rectal cancer. Since a trial has never been conducted to compare these procedures, it is not possible to give clear recommendations.In our study of palliative resection in 75 patients, we found an operative mortality of 9.3%. Tumor‐related symptoms were controlled in 88%; the quality of life was good until death in most patients.Fulguration is reported to have a mortality rate of 0–5%, with control of symptoms in 40–80%, depending on tumor size.Cryosurgery was used in our series of 219 patients. Control of symptoms was achieved in 85% and the mortality rate was 2.3%. Side effects included unpleasant secretions for many weeks, bleeding, and stenoses.Chemotherapy has been tested in several studies. Colorectal cancer does not appear to be very sensitive to cytotoxic drugs, although numerous new substances have been tested over the past few years. Remissions have been achieved in 4–31% of patients.
Recurrent cancer and metastases
Authors: Hickey Robert C. , Romsdahl Marvin M. , Johnson Douglas E. , Wallace Sidney , Mavligit Giora M. , Leavens Milam E. , Borgelt Bruce 
Published: May 2005

AbstractCancer of the colon and rectum is numerically the most major of visceral cancers in both sexes. A great proportion of colorectal cancer patients die of local problems. This report deals with the various techniques used to manage local recurrence, lung and liver metastases, and the control of pain.
Adverse reactions following T‐tube removal
Authors: Dellinger E. Patchen , Steer Michael , Weinstein Mark , Kirshenbaum Gerald 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSix of 139 (4.3%) patients experienced adverse reactions following the postoperative removal of a T‐tube. Five (3.6%) were severe enough to require readmission to the hospital or to delay discharge. All had had normal T‐tube cholangiograms and the T‐tube had been clamped without problem prior to tube removal. Signs and symptoms included abdominal pain (6 of 6), chills (3 of 6), tenderness (4 of 6), fever (5 of 6), and increased bilirubin (3 of 4). Symptoms resolved between 4 hours and 8 days following removal without operative intervention. Adverse reaction following T‐tube removal may be related to disruption of the fibrous tract and extravasation of infected bile into the surrounding tissues.
The importance of anti‐lipid A (anti‐endotoxin): Prevention of “shock lung” and acute renal failure
Authors: Wardle E. N. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractGram‐negative septicemia or endotoxinemia frequently causes a Shwartzman reaction that results in acute renal failure. Susceptibility to the lipid‐A, which has a common chemical structure in all gram‐negative bacteria, is ascribable to the fact that anti‐lipid A (antitoxin) titers are low in normal persons. This is because exposure is minimal since endotoxins cannot normally cross the bowel mucosa. Even during bacteremia, lipid‐A is a concealed antigen on the surface of bacteria, but it can be liberated by bactericidal antibiotics or by the action of complement in bacteremic shock. The consequences of endotoxinemia are so disastrous that there is a case for active or passive immunization to lipid‐A. Anti‐lipid A is vital as the antitoxin and has great protective potential, but it is nevertheless not the opsonin for phagocytosis of whole bacteria. Thus, antibodies to the innumerable O‐ and R‐antigens of lipopolysaccharides also play a part in resistance to gram‐negative septicemia.
Subcutaneous transposition of the spleen: Pharmacokinetic study of the intrasplenic route
Authors: Noguerales F. , Dapena M. A. , Requena F. , Blanco M. T. , Galeano F. , Dorado J. J. , Garcia‐Sancho L. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWhen the spleen is properly isolated with amniotic membrane and implanted in the extra‐abdominal cellular subcutaneous tissue, it may serve as an excellent route for administering drugs selectively to the liver. We have employed a biological method, the capacity of Adrianiycin®to inhibit the growth of a strain ofBacillus subtilis,in order to evaluate the hepatic concentrations of the drug administered intravenously and intrasplenically. At 60 minutes or more after injection, there was an order of magnitude difference in favor of the intrasplenic route.
Arteriovenous fistulas for dialysis: Blood flow, viscosity, and long‐term patency
Authors: Reilly David T. , Wood Richard F. M. , Bell Peter R. F. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA prospective study of the influence of blood flow at the time of operation on subsequent performance of dialysis fistulas is reported. Flow was measured in 33 consecutive arteriovenous fistulas using an electromagnetic flowmeter. During the mean follow‐up time of 7 months (range, 2–12 months), 19 fistulas were used for dialysis, 9 have not yet been used, 4 were never used because of thrombosis or failure to develop adequately, and 1 patient died before using the fistula for hemodialysis. There were 9 complications (thrombosis, stenosis, and failure to develop). Operative blood flow for these 9 fistulas averaged 221 ml/min as compared to 214 ml/min for the group with no subsequent problems. No critical flow rate below which the fistula would not develop could be defined. An analysis of influences on flow rate at the time of operation showed that there was a significant correlation between flow and blood pressure, vessel dimensions, and whole blood viscosity, but it was not possible to predict fistula failure from these data.
Tubo‐ovarian abscess in the postmenopausal woman
Authors: Blumenfeld Zeev , Toledano Chaim , Eitan Arieh , Barzilai Ami , Brandes Joseph M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTubo‐ovarian abscesses are considered a problem only during the childbearing years because of their rarity in the postmenopausal age group. Three case reports are described, in which pelvic abscesses were diagnosed in elderly women and necessitated surgical intervention. The early recognition and surgical treatment of pelvic abscesses is mandatory in the postmenopausal woman, who often is a poor‐risk patient. Nothing is to be gained by delay of definitive treatment, and the risk of serious deterioration is obvious. Therefore, the gynecologist and surgeon should be alert to this uncommon diagnosis in the elderly woman and be prepared for early surgical intervention.
Treatment of patients with small‐cell lung cancer at the Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center, 1974–1979
Authors: Wittes Robert E. , Natale Ronald B. , Sierocki John S. , Hilaris Basil S. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) has long been recognized as perhaps the most radiosensitive of all carcinomas, but radiotherapy alone is clearly inadequate treatment. The fact that SCLC has a tendency toward early and wide dissemination suggests that chemotherapy might be an important means of tumor control. From July, 1974, to March, 1978, a total of 101 patients were treated at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center on 3 protocols designed for SCLC. The initial regime (COMA) combined vincristine, methotrexate, and high doses of cyclophosphamide. Radiation therapy was employed in most patients with limited disease. Complete response (CR) rate was 17%. BCNU and procarbazine were added to the regimen, and radiation was not part of the primary treatment. Neither the total response rate nor the CR was significantly different from those obtained with the COMA regimen. In the third regimen, DDP and VP‐16 were combined; after 2 such cycles, the patients received CAV for 4 cycles and then were switched back to DDP and VP‐16. Prophylactic cranial irradiation was incorporated into this program. CR rate was 47% and median survival in excess of 18 months. Responses were maximal by the end of the first 6 weeks of treatment. Recent studies include the modifications of abandonment of fixed time intervals for recycling treatment and reintroduction of radiation therapy to the primary complex. Of 43 patients so treated, the CR rate from chemotherapy induction is 62%; after conclusion of radiation, 83% are in CR. However, acute toxicity is significantly greater than that of our previous programs.
Cardiomyotomy associated with antireflux surgery in the treatment of achalasia
Authors: Veiga‐Fernandes F. , Pinheiro M. F. , Didia‐Guerreiro  
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this report was to evaluate the efficacy of cardiomyotomy combined with fundoplication in the treatment of achalasia. Results obtained in 15 patients are compared with those collected in 19 asymptomatic patients treated by the classical Heller operation (12 patients), or by cardiomyotomy combined with suture of phrenoesophageal ligament to the underside of the diaphragm (7 patients). The preventive action of fundoplication on reflux esophagitis and especially the effect of surgery on esophageal emptying are particularly examined, using two rigorous isotopic tests. It is demonstrated that even asymptomatic patients have, after cardiomyotomy without antireflux maneuvers, a very high risk of esophagitis. The statistical comparison using the gastroesophageal reflux index between patients treated by Heller cardiomyotomy and normals wasp <0.001 to the classical Heller, and 0.01 <p <0.05 to the group treated by cardiomyotomy plus abdominal fixation of the cardia. By contrast, the combination of a fundoplication to the myotomy provided a very high antireflux efficacy (p >0.1), and maintained the improvement of the esophageal emptying.
Submucosal esophagography for esophageal cancer
Authors: Osugi H. , Hamanaka Y. , Sakai K. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSubmucosal esophagography is examined experimentally in rabbits and clinically to ascertain the cancer invasion to the adventitia of the esophagus before operation.VX2 carcinomata were implanted into the cervical esophagus of rabbits to produce an experimental model of esophageal cancer. The experimental data suggested that submucosal esophagography would be practicable for ascertaining the extent of cancer invasion. Then submucosal esophagography was performed in 43 patients with esophageal cancer. The submucosal esophagograms obtained were divided into 4 types to ascertain the extent of invasion of carcinoma. Cancer invasion to the adventitia was observed in all except one patient in type III or IV, whereas this could not be seen in type I or II. In the patients who did not have preoperative irradiation, histological invasion of the neighboring structures was found in a majority (4/5 or 80%) of type IV patients. This may be a safe and useful method of detecting cancer invasion of the adventitia before operation and so of determining the best course of therapy.
Minute liver cancer and concomitant esophageal varices: Detection and successful surgical treatment
Authors: Kanematsu Takashi , Sugimachi Keizo , Kohno Hitoshi , Matsumata Takashi , Kobayashi Michio , Inokuchi Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSurgical treatment of liver cancer associated with esophageal varices was carried out in 8 cirrhotic patients with evidence of portal hypertension. In 5 patients admitted for elective surgery of esophageal varices, minute hepatomas were detected during the course of preoperative investigation. The remaining 3 patients were referred to our department when esophageal varices plus hepatoma had become evident. Extirpative treatment of the liver tumor followed by selective shunt operations were successfully carried out in 6 patients, and interrupted procedures were used in 2 patients. Treatment of both esophageal varices and liver cancer appears to be effective when the tumor in the liver is detected in an early stage. The most reliable diagnostic tool at the present time seems to be hepatic arteriography. Our experience strongly suggests that arteriographic studies should be seriously considered in cirrhotic patients, particularly when surgery for varices is being contemplated.
A review of 40 cases of benign stricture of the esophagus treated surgically
Authors: Hadjistylianos G. , Spanos H. , Kalogeropoulos B. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractFrom 1973 through 1979, we operated on 40 patients presenting with benign stricture of the esophagus, 17 of whom were men. The age varied from 7 to 88 years with an average of 63 years.The most frequent localization of the stricture was in the lower third (24 patients) and the most common cause for all strictures was gastroesophageal reflux (34 patients). There have been 10 patients with stricture of the middle third, 4 with stricture of the upper third, and 2 with total stricture of the esophagus.
Predisposition of the resected stomach for malignancy
Authors: Rakovec S. , Kovič M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDuring the 20‐year period from 1959 to 1978, a total of 62 cases of cancer of the gastric stump following gastric resection for benign peptic ulcer were studied in relation to the occurrence of gastric primary carcinoma. This group was compared with the group of patients who were operated on for peptic disease during the same period. Cancer of the gastric stump constituted 4.6% of all gastric carcinomas. The relation between the number of operations for gastric stump carcinomas and the number of gastric resections for benign conditions, performed during the same period, makes the relative frequency 2.6%. The average free interval of 21 years was established to have elapsed from gastric resection to the confirmed diagnosis of malignancy of the stump. The symptoms of anemia, weight loss, and dysphagia were the most frequent presenting complaints. All 62 patients with cancer of the gastric stump were operated on: 20 exploratory, 16 palliative procedures, and 26 curative total gastric resections. The results were poor, mostly due to the late diagnosis. The importance of frequent follow‐up examinations by radiology and endoscopy of the patients having been subjected to gastric resection is emphasized.
Diverticula of the upper gastrointestinal system
Authors: Sechas M. , Karatzas G. , Rigas A. , Homatas J. , Sbokos C. , Pattakos S. , Simopoulos K. , Skalkeas G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDiverticular disease of the alimentary tract presents a challenge to treatment because of the clinical presentation either as incidental asymptomatic findings or as potentially lethal complications.The purpose of this paper is to describe our experience in the surgical management of diverticular disease of the upper gastrointestinal system.
Cimetidine compared with synthetic secretin in treatment of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Wagner P. K. , Rothmund M. , Seitz W. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn this prospective alternate trial, so far we have tested the effects of either cimetidine or secretin in 26 patients suffering from acute nonarterial bleeding from fresh ulcers or hemorrhagic erosions in the stomach or duodenum.In all patients, the presence of bleeding was established by endoscopic examination. Secretin was given at a dosage of 0.5 clinical units/kg body weight per hour and cimetidine 1 mg/kg body weight per hour. The test preparations were given as continuous infusions over 48 hours unless premature interruption was necessary.Additional treatment included rinsing the stomach with ice water through the gastric tube, complete parenteral nutrition, sedative drugs, and blood transfusions as necessary. The criterion for interrupting therapy was persistent or recurrent bleeding. After the initial 48 hours of treatment, patients were given cimetidine, antacids, and parenteral nutrition up to a maximum of 12 days.
Colorectal anastomoses with the EEA stapler
Authors: Detry Roger J. , Kestens Paul J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractFrom March, 1979 to November, 1980, a total of 100 consecutive patients underwent a left colectomy (45 patients) or an anterior sigmoidorectal resection (55 patients) for carcinoma (77 patients), diverticulitis (21 patients), or chronic sigmoid volvulus (2 patients). The colorectal anastomoses were fashioned by means of the EEA stapler. After rectal resections for cancer, the height of the sutures ranged from 11 to 2 cm from the anal margin. Seventeen of these anastomoses would have been difficult, and 7 quite impossible, without the stapling gun. There was no operative mortality and the morbidity was low. Eleven anastomotic leaks occurred, in many cases detected only by the xray controls; there were no significant early or late consequences, except for 1 patient. Clinical and radiological survey confirmed the reliability of the results in most patients. It is concluded from this retrospective analysis that the EEA enables safe sutures and very low colorectal anastomoses to be constructed.
Management of postoperative gastrointestinal fistula
Authors: Fujita H. , Shoji M. , Noto H. , Ueda H. , Kusajima Y. , Isobe Y. , Miyazaki I. 
Published: May 2005

RésuméDepuis l'usage maintenant largement répandu de la nutrition parentérale les statistiques montrent que la mortalité des fistules gastro‐intestinales post opératoires s'est abaissée et que les cas de fermeture spontanée sont beaucoup plus nombreux. Les résultats du traitement appliqué ne dépendent certes pas seulement de l'alimentation parentérale mais aussi d'autres facteurs tels que le siège de la fistule et la présence d'abcès concommittents. Cependant notre expérience récente nous permet de reconnaitre l'importance du facteur nutritionnel. Nous avons donc étudié l'influence de la nutrition parentérale dans le traitement de ces fistules en les comparant avec les cas où ce support nutritionnel n'était pas utilisé.