bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preferential expression of prostate specific membrane in CD34 labeled Neo-vasculature of Hepatocellular carcinoma: Prognostic and therapeutic potentials
Authors: Abd El Khalek Safaa MM , Mohammed Mona QR , Al Balakosy Amira M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly prevalent and lethal worldwide. Viral hepatitis related HCC represents 80% of all HCC cases. Eventually, angiogenesis becomes a crucial step in all HCCs. Angiogenetic markers are shared by non-malignant conditions. Finding a marker specifically expressed in tumor-vasculature and predict prognosis can provide optimal guide for decision making and involvement of new therapeutic options. prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a type II transmembrane protein upgraded in many tumours with promising role in prostate cancer as a potential prognostic and therapeutic indicator. However, the role of PSMA in HCC is not widely studied yet. This work aimed at evaluating PSMA expression in HCC.

Methodology
PSMA immunohistochemical staining was performed on 73 HCC cases to evaluate its expression. Relationship to different clinico-pathologic parameters was assessed statistically.

Results
PSMA was expressed in tumor-vasculature of HCC with 32% showed high expression. Adjacent non-tumoral tissue showed negative expression for PSMA. PSMA expression was significantly correlated with viral hepatitis related HCC (P=0.03), tumor grade (P=0.07), stage, node and distant metastasis (P=0.001 each). PSMA is the most independent predictor for OS and PFS.

Conclusion
PSMA is expressed preferentially in tumor-vasculature of HCC with higher expression in viral hepatitis related HCC and correlation with poor prognostic parameters, short OS and PFS. PSMA is considered a promising prognostic and therapeutic marker in HCC especially viral hepatitis related.
Immunohistochemical expression of CXCL5 as a valuable prognostic marker in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Nagwa Abd El-Sadek , Abdelnaby Amira A , Elsherief Ahmed MMA , Abdelghaffar Alshaymaa , Abdelkareem Rasha M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and aim
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common histologic subtype of bladder carcinoma. Detection of novel biomarkers that could predict UC progression and prognosis represents an active focus of research in the oncology field. CXCL5 is a member of the CXC chemokine family. It has been implicated in progression of many cancers, but its prognostic value in UC remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of CXCL5 in noninvasive and invasive UC of the urinary bladder and to correlate its expression with different studied clinicopathological characteristics to evaluate its potential prognostic value.

Patients and methods
A total of 60 specimens of primary invasive and noninvasive urothelial bladder carcinomas were included in this study. Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were prepared from the specimens. Two serial tissue sections were obtained from each specimen. One tissue section was stained by hematoxylin and eosin stain and examined to confirm diagnosis, histologic subtype, tumor grade, muscle invasion, and presence or absence of bilharzial infestation, and the second tissue section was subjected to immunohistochemical using anti-human CXCL5 antibody.

Results
Studying the association between CXCL5 expression and different clinicopathologic parameters in urothelial bladder carcinoma revealed a statistically significant correlation between its expression and poor prognostic indicators. CXCL5 expression is significantly correlated with poorly differentiated (P=0.025), advanced stage (P=0.039), and invasive tumors (P=0.002).

Conclusion
The current study revealed that CXCL5 overexpression in urothelial bladder carcinoma is strongly associated with adverse prognostic factors. CXCL5 might be considered as a reliable biomarker in predicting tumor progression and poor prognosis.
FOXM1 and MMR genes immunohistochemical expression in colorectal cancer: promising prognostic insights and candidate therapeutic targets
Authors: Shash Lobna S , Elgohary Shimaa A , Ibrahim Riham A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and objectives
Colorectal cancer (CRC) high mortality in developing countries necessitates the delineation of the underlying mechanisms compromising its prognosis despite of current advances. Mismatch repair (MMR) genes protein expression is established as a surrogate to categorize CRC MMR status with different prognostic and therapeutic considerations, variations are observed not only among different classes but also within the same class. FOXM1 is involved in multitask carcinogenesis and is recently targeted in some cancers. Our objective was to study FOXM1 expression in different CRC subclasses to exploit any potential inferences of its role.

Material and methods
This retrospective study encompassed 51 CRC specimens received in Ain Shams University Hospital, immunohistochemical studies for microsatellite stability genes to determine MMR status and FOXM1 expression were performed. Results were statistically compared and correlated to the clinicopathological prognostic indices.

Results
FOXM1 expression was statistically significant when correlated to lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis. Despite failing to establish a statistical correlation with FOXM1 expression level yet a suggestive tendency of overexpression with precursor tubulovillous adenoma, mucinous and signet ring CRC, grade 3, PT3 was noted. FOXM1 high expression concorded with MMR deficient status, mounting to a statistical significance in right CRCs, this association was disrupted when nodal status was tested.

Conclusion
FOXM1 shows varying expression in CRC subclasses, variations did not follow a consistent synergistic pattern thus the effect of FOXM1 on prognostic indicators likely involves molecular coded cross-talks with mismatch repair genes as well as others. We offer innovative insights for prognostic aptitudes of FOXM1 that might pave promising utility in future if further validated.
Comparison of sedation efficacy of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine versus propofol in terms of opioid consumption in patients requiring postoperative mechanical ventilation after head and neck onco-surgeries – A randomized prospective study
Authors: Patel Anuradha , Garg Rakesh , Bharti Sachidanand Jee , Kumar Vinod , Gupta Nishkarsh , Mishra Seema , Bhatnagar Sushma , Kumar Abhishek 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
The conventional drug regimen of sedation for patients requiring mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit (ICU) is propofol or midazolam. Dexmedetomidine is a newer drug for sedation with a better clinical profile. We conducted this study to compare the sedative efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus propofol in patients after head and neck cancer surgeries requiring mechanical ventilation.

Methods:
After ethics committee approval and written informed consent, 80 patients undergoing head and neck onco-surgery were recruited. The patients were randomly allocated to group I [1 mg/kg of bolus propofol over 15 minutes followed by infusion of 1 mg/kg/hour titrated by increasing or decreasing the infusion dose to Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS) 2–4] or group II (a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg over 15 minutes followed by a maintenance dose of 0.4 µg/kg/hour titrated to desired sedation level). The RSS, behavioral pain scale (BPS), heart rate, blood pressure, fentanyl consumption, additional sedative agent, extubation time, length of ICU stays, mechanical ventilation duration, side effects, and patient’s satisfaction were noted.

Results:
Total fentanyl required was 0.56 ± 0.13 µg/kg/hour in group II and 0.58 ± 0.18 µg/kg/hour in group I (P = 0.75). Extubation time, RSS, BPS, patient satisfaction, and ICU duration were similar in both the groups. The incidence of hemodynamic-related adverse effects were 41.67% in group II and 11.11% in group I (P = 0.006).

Conclusion:
The fentanyl requirement was comparable in both the groups in the postoperative period. Dexmedetomidine was associated with an increased incidence of bradycardia and hypotension as compared to the propofol group. Propofol should be the preferred sedative for postoperative mechanical ventilation after head and neck onco-surgeries.
Effects of electrode placement on symptoms, memory, and sustainment of results after electroconvulsive therapy- A comparative study
Authors: Chaudhary Ankit , Maggu Gaurav , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The memory-related side-effects rank among the strongest reasons for hostility against Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy (MECT). Most of the studies comparing the Unilateral v/s Bilateral Electrode placements on memory have been conducted on patients with depression while very few studies have been conducted on patients with psychosis in the Indian population.

Aim:
To compare the effects of right unilateral (RU/L) and bilateral (B/L) MECT on the severity of symptoms as well as memory in patients with psychosis after the fourth session and two weeks after the final session of the MECT.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred patients having a psychotic illness were randomized into either RU/L or B/L group. Comprehensive psychopathological rating scale (CPRS), clinical global impressions scale (CGI-S), and PGI-memory scale were applied before starting of MECT, after four sessions of MECT and two weeks after the last session of ECT.

Results:
The results show similar symptomatic improvement in patients receiving RU/L and B/L MECT and the results persisted beyond the therapy sessions. But, in the case of RU/L-MECT group, the deterioration in memory was less as compared to the B/L-MECT group. Both groups had no significant difference in psychopathology and its severity (CPRS and CGI). Both groups were significantly different in memory side effects after the fourth session and two weeks after the last session. Both groups showed a consistent downward trend in psychopathology and its severity. The consistent fall in the total PGI scores remained even after two weeks of the final session in the B/L group (total of six points as compared to baseline) while it came to baseline levels in the RU/L group. Both groups differed significantly in total PGI scores after the fourth session and two weeks after the final session.

Conclusion:
This study points toward a favorable outcome in the case of therapeutic response with MECT without any significant difference between both types of electrode placements and even after stopping MECT, the improvement appears to be stable over time. Although, there was a side-effect of memory impairment, it appears to be for a shorter duration and it improves with time. The side-effect profile of RU/L electrode placement is lower as compared to bilateral placement. In the post-MECT period, the patients receiving MECT with RU/L electrode placement showed better improvement in memory functions.
Parity of esteem: A global COVID-19 vaccination approach for people with mental illnesses, based on facts from 34 countries; recommendations and solutions
Authors: Shoib Sheikh , Saeed Fahimeh , Philip Sharad , Chandradasa Miyuru , Das Soumitra , de Filippis Renato , Yousaf Zohaib , Ojeahere Margaret , Gad Hasnaa K. , Yadivel Ramyadarshni , Legris Zahra , Jatchavala Chonnakarn , Paul Ravi , Gupta Anoop K. , Handuleh Jibril I. M. , Gürcan Ahmet , da Costa Mariana Pinto , Dannatt Lisa , Ahmad Araz R. , Jaguga Florence , Saleem Sheikh M. , Sawitri Brihastami , Arif Nigar , Islam Md. Saiful , Haque Md Ariful , Őri Dorottya , Chumakov Egor , Swed Sarya , Roza Thiago H. , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has detrimental effects on physical and mental health. Patients with severe mental illness are at higher risk of contracting the virus due to social determinants of health. Vulnerable populations include the elderly, people with pre-existing conditions, and those exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Unfortunately, only a few countries have updated vaccination strategies to prioritize patients with mental illnesses. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether individuals with mental disorders are prioritized in vaccine allocation strategies in different world regions. They are often neglected in policymaking but are highly vulnerable to the threatening complications of COVID-19.

Methods:
A questionnaire was developed to record details regarding COVID-19 vaccination and prioritizations for groups of persons with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mental disorders, and substance use disorders (SUDs). NCDs were defined according to the WHO as chronic diseases that are the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, and diabetes.

Results:
Most countries surveyed (80%) reported healthcare delivery via a nationalized health service. It was found that 82% of the countries had set up advisory groups, but only 26% included a mental health professional. Most frequently, malignancy (68%) was prioritized followed by diabetes type 2 (62%) and type 1 (59%). Only nine countries (26%) prioritized mental health conditions.

Conclusion:
The spread of the coronavirus has exposed both the strengths and flaws of our healthcare systems. The most vulnerable groups suffered the most and were hit first and faced most challenges. These findings raise awareness that patients with mental illnesses have been overlooked in immunization campaigns. The range of their mortality, morbidity, and quality of life could have widened due to this delay.
Diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer risk: A mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Yuan Jian-Xu , Jiang Qing , Yu Sheng-Jie 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Some studies have directed towards an association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and prostate cancer (PCa); however, this specific relationship remains inconclusive. In recent years, Mendelian randomization (MR) has become a widely used analytical method for inferring epidemiological causes.
AIM
To investigated the potential relationship between DM and PCa using MR.
METHODS
We downloaded relevant data on "diabetes" and "PCa" from the IEU OpenGWAS project database, performed three different methods to conduct MR, and carried out sensitivity analysis for verification.
RESULTS
The results indicated that DM was an independent risk factor for PCa. The odds ratio (OR) values obtained using the inverse variance weighted method in this study were as follows: OR = 1.018 (95% confidence interval: 1.004-1.032), P = 0.014.
CONCLUSION
We found that DM could increase the incidence rate of PCa.
Atorvastatin ameliorated myocardial fibrosis in db/db mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating macrophage polarization
Authors: Song Xian-Min , Zhao Meng-Nan , Li Gui-Zhi , Li Na , Wang Ting , Zhou Hong 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
People with diabetes mellitus (DM) suffer from multiple chronic complications due to sustained hyperglycemia, especially diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Oxidative stress and inflammatory cells play crucial roles in the occurrence and progression of myocardial remodeling. Macrophages polarize to two distinct phenotypes: M1 and M2, and such plasticity in phenotypes provide macrophages various biological functions.
AIM
To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on cardiac function of DCM in db/db mice and its underlying mechanisms.
METHODS
DCM mouse models were established and randomly divided into DM, atorvastatin, and metformin groups. C57BL/6 mice were used as the control. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining was used to examine the morphology and collagen fibers in myocardial tissues. The expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β),M1 macrophages (iNOS+), and M2 macrophages (CD206+) were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. The levels of TGF-β1, IL-1β, and TNF-α were detected by ELISA and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) ac-tivities were also measured.
RESULTS
Treatment with atorvastatin alleviated cardiac dysfunction and decreased db/db mice. The broken myocardial fibers and deposition of collagen in the myocardial interstitium were relieved especially by atorvastatin treatment. Atorvastatin also reduced the levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, and troponin; lowered the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α and IL-1β in serum and myocardium; decreased the concentration of MDA and increased SOD activity in myocardium of db/db mice; inhibited M1 macrophages; and promoted M2 macrophages.
CONCLUSION
Administration of atorvastatin attenuates myocardial fibrosis in db/db mice, which may be associated with the antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects of atorvastatin on diabetic myocardium through modulating macrophage polarization.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Buah Naga Sebagai Keripik Untuk Wirausaha Kreatif Yang Kekinian
Authors: Robiul Awalulloh  
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK
Saat ini limbah masih menjadi problema lingkungan yang sulit untuk dipecahkan. Salah satu limbah yang menumpuk dan berakhir di TPAS adalah kulit buah naga. Limbah kulit buah naga yang tidak terpakai dan dapat mencemari lingkungan. Hal ini sangat disayangkan karena kulit buah naga mengandung antioksidan, antosianin, vitamin C, serat, dan beberapa senyawa lain yang sangat bermanfaat untuk tubuh. Selain itu,kulit buah naga juga berfungsi untuk melancarkan aliran darah, menurukan kadar kolesterol, serta berfungsi untuk melenturkan dan menjaga pembuluh darah agar tidak tersumbat. Adapun tujuan karya tulis ini antara lain menambah nilai ekonomis kulit buah melalui metode pembuatan KELIGA; mengurangi pencemaran limbah kulit buah naga dengan mengolahnya; dan menambah ide usaha untuk para enterpreuneur muda. Peneliti menggunakan metode eksperimen dan pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran angket uji produk dan uji organoleptik. Hasil penelitian sesuai uji produk masyarakat yaitu Produk KELIGA diterima masyarakat memiliki data yaitu Tidak Setuju sebanyak 1 orang (0,78%); Setuju sebanyak 80 orang (59,23%); dan Sangat Setuju sebanyak 54 orang (39,99%). Berdasarkan uji organoleptik, formula pertama memiliki keunggulan dalam segi warna, rasa, dan aroma, sedangkan formula kedua unggul dalam segi tekstur.
Penggunaan Media Kalender Dan Jam Analog Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Tentang Waktu Pada Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri 09 2x11 Enam Lingkung
Authors: . Dedi Mardianto 
Published: December 2023

Mathematics learning activities in elementary schools must be adapted to the daily lives of students. Mathematics learning that is not related to students' lives will be felt to be less meaningful and less interesting. Learning mathematics requires abstract thinking, one of which is the material of measuring time. Based on interviews with class III teachers, time units are material that is difficult for students to understand. This can be seen from the results of students'daily tests regarding time units (year, week, day and hour) showing that of the 21 students who got a KKM score of 75 only 9 students while the others still did not meet the KKM. This means that 42.88% of students achieved the KKM score. This is because in conveying the concept of a unit of time, the teacher uses the lecture method. The purpose of this research is to improve the results of learning mathematics about units of time through the use of calendar media and analog clocks for class III SD N 09 2X11 Enam Lingkung. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR). The subjects in this remedial research were class III students with 21 students. The data in this study consisted of quantitative data which were analyzed using quantitative analysis techniques with simple statistics in the form of average values and percentages. Based on the results of learning corrective actions that have been carried out, the conclusion of this study is that the application of calendar media and analog clocks can improve mathematics learning outcomes in class III SD N 09 2X11 Enam Lingkung carried out through 2 cycles. The application of calendar media and analog clocks can improve student learning outcomes in mathematics in class III SD N 09 2X11 Enam Lingkung . This is evidenced from the percentage in the initial conditions (pre-cycle) there were 42.86% of students who passed (above the KKM that had been set). After that there was an increase in learning outcomes in cycle I where there were 57.14% of students who had completed and in cycle II learning improvement actions there were 80.95% of students who had completed learning mathematics using the calendar and analog clock media.
Creating Identity in Women: A Psychoanalytic Reading of Namita Gokhale’s Paro: Dreams of Passions
Authors: T.G Smitha , Dangwal Kamlesh 
Published: December 2023

This study is based on the theory of psychoanalytic reading, which discusses the identity of a woman in the social structure. Identity is created from the birth of a person and it continues throughout the life of that person. It is a psychological development of each person along with his/her growth. This creation of Identity starts from the relationship with the mother and later with other members of the family and society. The cultural setting also influences the person’s identity as the other members are also influenced by society. The creation of female identity is a veritable discursive concept and acquired more importance in the field of literary criticism. Searching for the identity of the female characters of Indian women authors provide an inspiration to the women of India. However, the identity of a person is always changing or adding more to his/her character along with their growth.
Políticas Públicas de microcrédito e a produção de leite e queijo em Batalha-AL
Authors: Felix Nunes Maria Lucelia , Amorim José Francisco Oliveira de 
Published: December 2023

As políticas de microcrédito constituem-se como serviços de intermediação financeira direcionados para empreendimentos menos estruturados com possibilidades de acesso a crédito. Destaca-se que existe um impacto positivo no acesso a políticas de microcréditos, visto que podem contribuir com o desenvolvimento das atividades dos agentes presentes no mercado. Essas políticas possuem por finalidade fomentar o desenvolvimento local através do acesso ao microcrédito, vindo a contribuir para o desenvolvimento da economia local. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo, estudar as contribuições das políticas públicas utilizadas nas atividades agropecuárias com vista no empreendedorismo rural no município de Batalha/AL. A metodologia utilizada foi uma análise descritiva, com obtenção de dados através de um questionário aplicado junto aos produtores de leite e queijo do município de Batalha/Alagoas. O estudo foi aplicado durante o ano de 2018, foram analisados os perfis dos agentes (nível de escolaridade, renda, fonte da renda), tempo de atuação no mercado, problemas no processo de produção, assistência técnica e quais agentes possibilitaram o financiamento. Por fim, conclui-se a importância do desenvolvimento de tais políticas para o desenvolvimento da região.