bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA barcoding of Australian cereal cyst nematode populations with comments on likely origin and taxonomy (Tylenchoidea: Heterodera)
Authors: Huston Daniel C. , Khudhir Manda , Lewis John , Collins Sarah , Jain Akshita , Hodda Mike 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA species of Heterodera has been known to parasitise cereals in Australia since the 1930s. It caused significant yield losses across Australia’s cereal growing regions until resistance breeding largely brought it under control, although it still occurs occasionally, especially in South and Western Australia. Australian cereal cyst nematode has long been considered to represent Heterodera avenae. However, in 2002 the name Heterodera australis was proposed for Australian cereal cyst nematode, as it could be distinguished from all non-Australian populations of H. avenae via biochemical and molecular methods. This new species proposal came with speculation that both H. avenae and H. australis might occur in Australia, and that H. australis might represent a native species. The name H. australis has generally not been accepted by Australian scientists, nor the notion that it is native. There remains some uncertainty as to the validity of H. australis and whether more than one species of cereal cyst nematode occur in Australia. Using a molecular barcoding approach (COI, 18S, ITS, 28S) we examined the species composition of cyst nematodes present in soil samples collected between 1989–2023 from Australian cereal growing regions. We find only one species of Heterodera parasitising cereals and, based on phylogenetic analyses, accept the validity of H. australis as the name best representative of this species. We also argue that, based on presently available evidence, H. australis is not native and was most likely introduced into Australia from Asia in the 1850s, rather than from Europe as has been generally assumed.
Predictive, preventive and personalised approach as a conceptual and technological innovation in primary and secondary care of inflammatory bowel disease benefiting affected individuals and populations
Authors: Arosa Laura , Camba-Gómez Miguel , Golubnitschaja Olga , Conde-Aranda Javier 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health burden which carries lifelong morbidity affecting all age groups in populations with the disease-specific peak of the age groups ranging between 15 and 35 years, which are of great economic importance for the society. An accelerating incidence of IBD is reported for newly industrialised countries, whereas stabilising incidence but increasing prevalence is typical for countries with a Westernised lifestyle, such as the European area and the USA. Although the aetiology of IBD is largely unknown, the interplay between the genetic, environmental, immunological, and microbial components is decisive for the disease manifestation, course, severity and individual outcomes. Contextually, the creation of an individualised patient profile is crucial for the cost-effective disease management in primary and secondary care of IBD. The proposed pathomechanisms include intestinal pathoflora and dysbiosis, chronic inflammation and mitochondrial impairments, amongst others, which collectively may reveal individual molecular signatures defining IBD subtypes and leading to clinical phenotypes, patient stratification and cost-effective protection against health-to-disease transition and treatments tailored to individualised patient profiles—all the pillars of an advanced 3PM approach. The paradigm change from reactive medical services to predictive diagnostics, cost-effective targeted prevention and treatments tailored to individualised patient profiles in overall IBD management holds a promise to meet patient needs in primary and secondary care, to increase the life-quality of affected individuals and to improve health economy in the area of IBD management. This article analyses current achievements and provides the roadmap for future developments in the area in the context of 3P medicine benefiting society at large.
Recognizing and detecting COVID-19 in chest X-ray images using constrained multi-view spectral clustering
Authors: El Hajjar Sally , Dornaika Fadi , Abdallah Fahed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMachine learning, particularly classification algorithms, has been widely employed for diagnosing COVID-19 cases. However, these methods typically rely on labeled datasets and analyze a single data view. With the vast amount of patient data available without labels, this paper addresses the novel challenge of unsupervised COVID-19 diagnosis. The goal is to harness the abundant data without labels effectively. In recent times, multi-view clustering has garnered considerable attention in the research community. Spectral clustering, known for its robust theoretical framework, is a key focus. However, traditional spectral clustering methods generate only nonlinear data projections, necessitating additional clustering steps. The quality of these post-processing steps can be influenced by various factors, such as initialization procedures and outliers. This paper introduces an enhanced version of the recent “Multiview Spectral Clustering via integrating Nonnegative Embedding and Spectral Embedding” method. While retaining the benefits of the original technique, the proposed model integrates two essential constraints: (1) a constraint for ensuring the consistent smoothness of the nonnegative embedding across all views and (2) an orthogonality constraint imposed on the columns of the nonnegative embedding matrix. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated using COVIDx datasets. Additionally, the method is evaluated on other image datasets to validate its suitability for this study.
Implementation of a Mentoring Program for Mentee-Mentor Satisfaction: A Longitudinal Pilot Study
Authors: David Michael C. , Pitman Melissa A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Mentoring is a unique educational workplace relationship that can support both the mentee and mentor’s skill, knowledge, social, and emotional needs. The primary aim of this longitudinal pilot study was to implement a formal mentoring program to assess its effect on mentee and mentor satisfaction.

Methods
Data was collected from two hospitals in New South Wales, Australia in late 2018 and early 2019. Junior doctors (mentees) and senior medical staff (mentors) were asked to complete pre-, mid-, and oost-program surveys, with questions relevant to mentee-mentor satisfaction, interactions, and participation. Mixed-effects ordinal logistic regression models were used to assess the program effect on mentee-mentor satisfaction, while Fishers’ exact test was used to evaluate mentee-mentor interactions and participation.

Results
Although there was evidence of upwards trends in the proportion of mentees and mentors who reported their satisfaction in the program as excellent and rated their work satisfaction as being very influenced by the program, both trends were statistically non-significant. While our study was likely underpowered, high participation rates provide promising evidence of the program’s acceptability and feasibility.

Conclusion
Though not reaching statistical significance, study results suggest that the implementation of a mentoring program has the potential to increase satisfaction levels among its participants, be they mentees or mentors. It is recommended that future studies recruit larger samples thereby having sufficient statistical power. Furthermore, causality should be explored in more detail through a multi-site randomized controlled trial design.
Open pit limit optimization considering the pumped storage benefit after mine closure: a case study
Authors: Liu Feiyue , Yang Ke , Yang Tianhong , Deng Wenxue , Li Hua , Yang Lingyue 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRepurposing a closed mine as lower reservoir is a cost-effective way for the construction of pumped storage hydropower (PSH) plant. This method can eliminate the expenses of mine reclamation, reservoir construction, and land acquisition, resulting in significant cost savings and benefits for the PSH project, known as the PSH benefit. The construction of PSH plants within a closed mine is divided into surface mode and semi-underground mode in this paper. Through a general comparison of two in-situ cases, the finding highlight that the surface mode can achieve a larger potential installed capacity and lower construction cost. Furthermore, the PSH benefit is quantified and internalized as an economic parameter in the ultimate pit limit (UPL) optimization by allocating it into unit ore. Taken an undisclosed open-pit iron mine as example, the UPL is optimized by considering the PSH benefit. The internalized PSH benefit is calculated to be 6.59 CN¥/t when the installed capacity is 2000 MW, and ore amount within the optimized UPL is increased by 1.4%. The results indicated that the PSH benefit does influence the shape and size of UPL, but not significantly. Besides, converting several bottoms in a single open-pit into lower and upper reservoirs presents more challenges for UPL optimization, which further explorations is needed.
Neuroendokrine Tumoren der Lunge: State of the Art
Authors: Kiesewetter-Wiederkehr Barbara , Melhorn Philipp , Raderer Markus 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungNeuroendokrine Neoplasien (NEN) machen zirka ein Fünftel aller Lungenmalignome aus, meist liegt dabei das kleinzellige Bronchuskarzinom (SCLC) vor. Die gut differenzierten neuroendokrinen Tumoren (NET) der Lunge (auch als Lungenkarzinoide bezeichnet) sind hingegen selten. Die Prognose ist im Allgemeinen günstig, mit 10-Jahres-Überlebensraten von zirka 60 % für typische Karzinoide (NET G1) und 20 % für atypische Karzinoide (NET G2) im metastasierten Stadium. Klinisch gesehen können NET der Lunge – wenn auch selten – hormonelle Syndrome aufweisen (beispielsweise Karzinoidsyndrom oder Cushing-Syndrom). Interessanterweise haben diese Tumoren eine niedrige Mutationsrate, wobei am häufigsten Epigenetik-relevante Gene mutiert sind. Zu den Behandlungsstrategien von Lungen-NET gehören die chirurgische Resektion (als potenziell kurative Intervention im lokalisierten Stadium), ein Watch-and-wait-Vorgehen in ausgewählten Fällen und systemische Therapieoptionen. Everolimus ist die einzige zugelassene systemische Therapie und führte in der Placebo-kontrollierten Zulassungsstudie zu einer Verlängerung des progressionsfreien Überlebens (PFS; medianes PFS 9,2 Monate unter Everolimus versus 3,6 Monate in der Placebo-Kohorte). Trotz fehlender formeller Zulassung in dieser Indikation sind Somatostatinanaloga eine weitere von den Leitlinien empfohlene Therapie und können (wie die Peptidrezeptor-Radionuklidtherapie) eingesetzt werden, sofern ein Somatostatin-Rezeptorbesatz vorliegt. Weitere systemische Behandlungsoptionen sind vor allem Chemotherapien, z. B. Temozolomid- oder Oxaliplatin-basierte Kombinationen, während Immuntherapien und molekular gematchte Therapien bisher keine relevanten Effekte gezeigt haben.
The impact of military demobilisation on rising Irish migration to London, c.1750–1850
Authors: Crymble Adam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIrish soldiers demobilised in London after major eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century wars were an important but overlooked source of unintentional Irish migrants to the capital. Their migration was linked to the centralised military pension system, which meant that servicemen in English regiments had to present themselves for a medical examination at Chelsea or Greenwich hospitals — both in the London area. A lack of provision available to then get these often very disabled and wounded men back home to Ireland meant that many stayed semi-permanently or permanently in London, and their presence can be measured decades later in the 1841 census. This challenges current understandings about the Irish diaspora in Britain by highlighting the role of the government in shepherding Irish men across the Irish Sea.
Frictional Aging of Single‐Asperity Nanoindentation Contacts in Quartz and Calcite
Authors: Badt Nir Z. , Goldsby David L. , Pharr George M. , Walker Christopher C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe evolution of fault friction during the interseismic period affects the mechanics of a future earthquake on the same fault patch. Frictional aging has been previously tied to time‐dependent contact area growth through observations made on rock analogs. However, our understanding of the processes that control frictional aging is limited and is dependent on experiments that explore only numerous mechanisms. We conduct slide‐hold‐slide experiments with a dual‐axis nanoindenter on single‐crystal surfaces of quartz and calcite. Our results show that frictional aging in diamond‐quartz contacts is independent of time and contact area, in stark contradiction to past experiments done on quartz‐quartz contacts in rocks. Diamond‐calcite contacts show modest frictional aging, but still well below previous reported values from calcite‐calcite contacts. These results suggest that frictional aging of like‐on‐like minerals may be of chemical origin, as suggested in recent studies with atomic force microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations.
Impacts of North Atlantic Model Biases on Natural Decadal Climate Variability
Authors: Huo Wenjuan , Drews Annika , Martin Torge , Wahl Sebastian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIncreasing the horizontal resolution of an ocean model is frequently seen as a way to reduce the model biases in the North Atlantic, but we are often limited by computational resources. Here, a two‐way nested ocean model configuration (VIKING10) that consists of a high‐resolution (1/10°) component and covers the northern North Atlantic, is embedded in a 1/2° ocean grid as part of the global chemistry‐climate model, FOCI (called FOCI‐VIKING10). This configuration yields a significantly improved path of the North Atlantic current (NAC), which here reduces the North Atlantic cold bias by ∼50%. Compared with the coarse‐resolution, non‐eddying model, the improved thermal state of upper ocean layers and surface heat fluxes in a historical simulation based on FOCI‐VIKING10 are beneficial for simulating the subdecadal North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability (i.e., a period of 8 years). A northward drift of the NAO‐forced ocean thermal anomalies as seen in observations and the eddying FOCI‐VIKING10, provide a lagged ocean feedback to the NAO via changes in the net surface heat flux, leading to the NAO periodicity of 8 years. This lagged feedback and the 8 years variability of the NAO cannot be captured by the non‐eddying standard FOCI historical simulation. Furthermore, the argumentative responses of the North Atlantic to the 11‐year solar cycle are re‐examined in this study. The reported solar‐induced NAO‐like responses are confirmed in the 9‐member ensemble mean based on FOCI but with low robustness among individual members. A lagged NAO‐like response is only found in the nested eddying simulation but absent from the non‐eddying reference simulation, suggesting North Atlantic biases importantly limit climate model capability to realistically solar imprints in North Atlantic climate.
Simultaneous inhibition of PI3K and PAK in preclinical models of neurofibromatosis type 2-related schwannomatosis
Authors: Nagel Anna , Huegel Julianne , Petrilli Alejandra , Rosario Rosa , Victoria Berta , Hardin Haley M , Fernandez-Valle Cristina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNeurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)-related schwannomatosis is a genetic disorder that causes development of multiple types of nervous system tumors. The primary and diagnostic tumor type is bilateral vestibular schwannoma. There is no cure or drug therapy for NF2. Recommended treatments include surgical resection and radiation, both of which can leave patients with severe neurological deficits or increase the risk of future malignant tumors. Results of our previous pilot high-throughput drug screen identified phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors as strong candidates based on loss of viability of mouse merlin-deficient Schwann cells (MD-SCs). Here we used novel human schwannoma model cells to conduct combination drug screens. We identified a class I PI3K inhibitor, pictilisib and p21 activated kinase (PAK) inhibitor, PF-3758309 as the top combination due to high synergy in cell viability assays. Both single and combination therapies significantly reduced growth of mouse MD-SCs in an orthotopic allograft mouse model. The inhibitor combination promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in mouse merlin-deficient Schwann (MD-SCs) cells and cell cycle arrest in human MD-SCs. This study identifies the PI3K and PAK pathways as potential targets for combination drug treatment of NF2-related schwannomatosis.
Postnatal growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years’ corrected age in extremely low birthweight infants
Authors: Nyakotey David A. , Clarke Angelica M. , Cormack Barbara E. , Bloomfield Frank H. , Harding Jane E. ,   on behalf of the ProVIDe Study Group,   Steering Group, Bloomfield Frank H. , Jiang Yannan , Crowther Caroline A. , Cormack Barbara E. ,   Investigators, Bloomfield Frank , Broadbent Roland , McCaffrey Frances , Lynn Adrienne , Spencer Carole , Ellis Nicola , Graham Trish , Hewson Michael , Patel Harshad , Gibson Mel , Wilkes Natalie , Nair Arun , Harris Deborah , Streifler Nicola , Edwards Stephanie , Sisterson Rebecca , Akehurst Kimberly , Meyer Mike , de Monteverde Aiza , Yu Audrey , Tapnio Cristina , Alexander Tanith , Cormack Barbara , Huth Sabine , Liley Helen , Bates Suzanne , Jacobs Sue , Argus Brenda , Twitchell Emily 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Faltering postnatal growth in preterm babies is associated with adverse neurodevelopment. However, which growth reference is most helpful for predicting neurodevelopment is unknown. We examined associations between faltering growth and developmental delay in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants.

Methods
We categorized faltering growth (z-score decrease ≥0.8 for weight/length, >1 for head circumference) between birth, 4 weeks, 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age and 2 years’ corrected age using fetal (Fenton, UK-WHO and Olsen) and healthy preterm (INTERGROWTH-21st) references. Associations between faltering growth and developmental delay were examined using binary logistic regression and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC).

Results
In 327 infants, Olsen charts identified the highest prevalence of faltering growth (weight 37%, length 63%, head 45%). Agreement in classification was higher amongst fetal references (kappa coefficient, ĸ = 0.46–0.94) than between INTERGROWTH-21st and fetal references (ĸ = 0.10–0.81). Faltering growth in all measures between 4–36 weeks (odds ratio, OR 2.0–4.7) compared with other time intervals (OR 1.7–2.7) were more strongly associated with developmental delay, particularly motor delay (OR 2.0–4.7). All growth references were poorly predictive of developmental delay at 2 years (AUC ≤ 0.62).

Conclusions
Faltering postnatal growth in ELBW infants is associated with, but is poorly predictive of, developmental delay at 2 years.

Impact

In babies born preterm, different growth references result in wide variation in categorization of faltering postnatal growth.

Faltering growth in weight, length, and head circumference from 4 weeks to 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age are associated with developmental delay at 2 years’ corrected age, particularly motor delay.

However, postnatal growth is a poor predictor of later developmental delay in extremely low birthweight infants irrespective of the growth reference used.
Time-sensitive changes in the maternal brain and their influence on mother-child attachment
Authors: Nehls Susanne , Losse Elena , Enzensberger Christian , Frodl Thomas , Chechko Natalia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPregnancy and the postpartum period are characterized by an increased neuroplasticity in the maternal brain. To explore the dynamics of postpartum changes in gray matter volume (GMV), magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 20 healthy postpartum women immediately after childbirth and at 3-week intervals for 12 postpartum weeks. The control group comprised 20 age-matched nulliparous women. The first 6 postpartum weeks (constituting the subacute postpartum period) are associated with decreasing progesterone levels and a massive restructuring in GMV, affecting the amygdala/hippocampus, the prefrontal/subgenual cortex, and the insula, which approach their sizes in nulliparous women only around weeks 3–6 postpartum. Based on the amygdala volume shortly after delivery, the maternal brain can be reliably distinguished from the nulliparous brain. Even 12 weeks after childbirth, the GMV in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and the cortical thickness of the subgenual and lateral prefrontal cortices do not reach the pre-pregnancy levels. During this period, a volume decrease is seen in the cerebellum, the thalamus, and the dorsal striatum. A less hostile behavior toward the child at 6–12 weeks postpartum is predicted by the GMV change in the amygdala, the temporal pole, the olfactory gyrus, the anterior cingulate, the thalamus and the cerebellum in the same period. In summary, the restructuring of the maternal brain follows time-dependent trajectories. The fact that the volume changes persist at 12 weeks postpartum indicates that the maternal brain does not fully revert to pre-pregnancy physiology. Postpartum neuroplasticity suggests that these changes may be particularly significant in the regions important for parenting.
A literature review on prosthetically designed guided implant placement and the factors influencing dental implant success
Authors: Nulty Adam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis is an extensive review of the literature on prosthetically designed implant planning with particular regard to the factors influencing dental implant success. Electronic searches on PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and manual searches were performed. The author selected the studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of implant placement accuracy and a qualitative review of potential influencing factors were performed.This literature review will explore prosthetically designed implant placement and its influence on dental implant success. By examining the factors that impact implant outcomes, this review aims to provide clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the key considerations and best practices in achieving successful implant placements. Ultimately, this knowledge can contribute to enhancing patient care and the long-term success of dental implant treatments.