bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of impurities in the semiconducting properties of natural pyrite: Implications for the electrochemical accumulation of visible gold and formation of hydrothermal gold deposits
Authors: Du Baisong , Deng Jun , Santosh M. , Wang Zuoman , Shen Yuke , Liu Shufei , Yang Hanwen , Xu Kexin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pyrite (FeS2), the most abundant sulfide mineral on Earth, typically contains a host of minor and trace elements, including As, Co, Ni, and Au. It is an important semiconductor with unique structural properties markedly influenced by elemental impurities. However, whether the change in semiconducting properties of natural pyrite is caused by the type and concentration of trace elements or by a non-stoichiometry-related doping mechanism remains uncertain. Moreover, the effect of semiconducting properties on the enrichment mechanism of Au has not been well addressed. Here, we investigate microscopic pyrite crystals from the Heilangou gold field (HGF) in the eastern Jiaodong Peninsula using field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), in situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), potential-Seebeck microprobe (PSM), and thermoelectric measurements. The results demonstrate that pyrite grains show either p- or n-type conductivity depending on chemical compositions. Pyrite enriched in As, which typically substitutes for S in the crystal structure, tends to be p-type with a positive Seebeck coefficient, whereas pyrite crystals enriched in Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, as well as those depleted in As, are typically n-type. Moreover, As shows the strongest influence on the semiconducting properties of natural pyrite crystals and a strong positive correlation with Au. We observed that visible Au grains are preferentially accumulated on individual domains of sulfides (e.g., As-rich pyrite) that act as cathodes, suggesting that electrical p-n junctions in sulfides drive electrochemical reactions with ore-forming fluids, resulting in the deposition of visible Au. The electrochemical precipitation mechanism of Au may account for the formation of other types of hydrothermal Au deposits.
سەردەمی دەوڵەتۆکەکانی ئەناتۆلیا ١١٥٠-٥٥٠ پ.ز
Authors: Sabir Dilman Mohammed 
Published: February 2025

ناوەڕاست و ڕۆژئاوای ئەناتۆلیا لە سەرەتای چاخی ئاسندا پێی نایە قۆناغێکی دیکەوە، کە بەتەواوەتی جیاواز و پێشهاتێکی نوێ بوو، بە تایبەتی لە دوای لاواز بوون و ڕوخانی ئیمپرتۆرییەتی هیتی لە (١٢٠٠ پ.ز) بەدواوە و بە نەمانی دەسەڵاتی ناوەندی و گۆڕانکاریی خێرا و گەورە ڕوویدا و کۆتایی بە چاخی ئیمپراتۆی هات، گەلانی هیندۆ ئەوروپی و گریکەکان و گەل و نەتەوە جیاوازەکانی دیکە، ڕویانکردە ناوچەکە، ئەمەش کاولکارییەکی زۆری بە دواوە بوو، هەریەک لە هێزە تازە دەرکەتووەکان خاوەنی شوناسی نەتەوەیی و شارستانی تایبەت بە خۆیان بوون، ئەمە قۆناغێکی نوێ بوو لە ناوچەکەدا، کە بەپێی ڕووداوە مێژووییەکان بە سەردەمی دەوڵەتە بچوکەکانی ئەناتۆلیا دادەنرێت، ژمارەیەک دەسەڵاتدار و دەوڵەتۆکەی ناوخۆیی و هێزی دەرەکی سەریان هەڵدا لە ئەنجامی کۆچکردن و هێڕش و پەلامارەکانیان بۆ ناوچەکە، ئەم توێژینەوەیە تیشک دەخاتە سەر ڕەوشی ناوەڕاست و ڕۆژئاوای ئەناتۆلیا لەو قۆناغەدا.
ئالودەبوون بەتۆڕەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان و پەیوەندى بەڕێکخستنى خود لاى خوێندکارانى زانکۆى سلێمانى
Authors: Mohammed Sarkawt Jamal 
Published: February 2025

- ئامانجی توێژینەوەکە بریتییە لە دەرخستن و زانینی ئاستی ئالودەبون بەتۆڕەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان و پەیوەندی بەڕێکخستنی خود لا خوێندکارانی کۆلیجی پەروەردەی بنەڕەتی زانکۆی سلێمانی، بۆ ساڵی خوێندنی (٢٠٢٣-٢٠٢٤)، کۆمەڵگەی توێژینەوە بریتییە لە سەرجەم خوێندکارانی بەشەکانی کۆلێجی پەروەردەی بنەڕەت، کە ژمارەیان (2281) خوێندکارە، نموونەی توێژینەوەکە پێک دێت لە (554) خوێندکار لەوانە (118) خوێندکار لە ڕەگەزی نێر، (436) خوێندکار لە ڕەگەزی مێ، بە شێوەیەکی هەڕەمەکی سادە هەڵبژێردران، توێژەر میتۆدی وەسفی پەیوەندیی بەکارهێنا بە پێی سروشتی توێژینەوەکە، وێڕای سوود وەرگرتن لە توێژینەوەکانی پێشوو و سەرچاوەکانی دیکە توێژەر دوو فۆرمی ڕاپرسی ئامادەکرد بۆ هەریەکێک لەگۆڕاوەکان ،پێوەری ئالودەبوون بەتۆڕەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان لە(20) بڕگە پێکهاتبوو ، هەروەها پێوەری ڕێکخستنی خود لە(22) بڕگە پێکهاتبوو ،بۆ دڵنیابوون لە ڕاستی و شیاوی ئامرازەکە توێژەر هەستا بە جێبەجێکردنی بەسەر ژمارەیەک لە شارەزایان و پسپۆڕانی ڕێگاکانی وانە وتنەوە و پەروەردە و دەروونزانی ،دواتر بۆ دەرهێنانی جێگیری ئامرازەکە شێوازی دووبارەکردنەوەی تاقیکردنەوەیان بەکارهێنا ،لەئەنجامدا دەرکەوت کە ڕێژە ڕاستگۆیی لای شارەزایان بۆ پێوەری (ئالودەبون بەتۆڕەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان)بریتی بوو لە(90%)،هەروەها بەهای جێگیرییەکەی بریتی بوو لە(0.86) ،رێژەی ڕاستگۆیی بۆ(پێوەری ڕێکخستنی خود)بریتی بوو لە(95%) هەروەها جێگیرییەکەی بریتی بوو لە(0.81)
دواتر جێبەجێکرا بەسەر نموونەی بنەڕەتی توێژینەوەکە و توێژەر دەستیکرد بە بەتاڵکردنەوە و شیکردنەوەی وەڵامەکانی خوێندکاران بە بەکارهێنانی بەرنامەی SPSS بۆ زانستەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان و خستنەڕووی ئەنجامی توێژینەوەکە لەگەڵ چەند دەرئەنجام و پێشنیار و ڕاسپاردەیەک، كە گرنگترين دەرئەنجامەكان بريتيى بوون لە:
1. ئالودەبوون بەتۆڕەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان لە ئاستێکی نزمدایە لای نموونەی توێژینەوەکە.
2. جیاوازی ئاماری هەیە لە ئالودەبوون بەتۆڕەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان بەپێی گۆڕاوی ڕەگەز و قۆناغی خوێندن لای نموونەی توێژینەوەکە.
3. ڕێکخستنی خود لای نموونەی توێژینەوەکە لەئاستێکی بەرزدایە.
4. جیاوای ئاماری هەیە لەئاستی ریکخستنی خود بەپێی گۆڕاوی ڕەگەز و قۆناغی خوێندن لای نموونەی توێژینەوەکە.
5. پەیوەندییەکی پێچەوانە هەیە لەنێوان گۆڕاوی ئالودەبوون بەتۆڕەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان و ڕێکخستنی خود ، تاوەکو ئالودەبوون بەتۆڕەکۆمەڵایەتییەکان بەرزبێت ڕیکخستنی خود نزمدەبێتەوە و بەپێچەوانەوە.
Pregnancy after kidney transplantation: effect on maternal and foetal health
Authors: Solanki Smit , Mishra Vineet 
Published: February 2025

Background. Pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients is high-risk due to immunosuppression, pre-existing comorbidities, and graft function concerns. Optimal maternal and foetal outcomes require a multidisciplinary approach and favourable baseline conditions. Objective: to identify ideal conditions for pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients and evaluate the impact of pregnancy on maternal and graft outcomes. Materials and methods. It was the retrospective observational study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre (Ahme­dabad, India) from 2014 to November 2020. A total of 27 pregnancies in kidney transplant recipients were analysed. Maternal nephrological parameters, obstetric complications, and graft function were assessed during and after pregnancy. Key outcomes measured included time between renal transplantation and conception, live birth rate, maternal renal function, and neonatal health. Data were collected from clinical records and analysed retrospectively. Results. The primary outcomes were the interval between renal transplantation and conception, live birth rate, and maternal renal function pre- and post-pregnancy. The mean age at transplantation was 28.70 ± 3.82 years, and the mean age at conception was 31.07 ± 2.57 years. The average time between transplantation and conception was 47 months. Median serum creatinine was 1.13 ± 0.39 mg/dL at conception and 1.09 ± 0.45 mg/dL postpartum. Sixteen pregnancies (59 %) resulted in live births. Common complications included preeclampsia (6 cases, 22.22 %), preterm delivery (16 cases, 59 %), and low birth weight (9 cases, 33.33 %). Caesarean section was performed in 14 patients (52 %). Conclusions. Pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients is feasible under strict monitoring and does not significantly affect graft function when optimal conditions are met. Outcomes are influenced by ade­quate pre-pregnancy renal function, stable immunosuppressive therapy, and multidisciplinary care.
Starting with the Digital Doesn’t Make it Easier
Authors: Boczar Amanda 
Published: February 2025

As organizations continue to overwhelmingly abandon all forms of paper-based record keeping, libraries are still adapting to increased offers of born digital archival donations. Simple misunderstandings or disconnects between the units facilitating donations and maintaining born-digital collections creates pain-points for donor relations and can result in a lack of transparency over how their records may be processed. To facilitate better donor transparency and cross-area collaboration over born digital records, Special Collections and archives need comprehensive policies and shifts in training and collaboration paradigms. This paper analyses the intersections of born digital archiving, collection development polices, donor relations, human-supported AI tools, and digital records education within American academic libraries to propose a functional toolkit for born digital acquisitions. Unrealistic expectations of collection processing, retention, growth, and publication onto openly accessible platforms can quickly overwhelm a libraries’ digital collections’ team due to size, need for digital forensics work, copyright limitations, or other capacity-related issues. Intertwined within this discussion is an additional discourse over the need to carefully curate our digital spaces not only for practical cost reasons, but due to the environmental costs of massive data storage solutions. Through an analysis of the elements stated above, the paper will reflect on the need to integrate born digital materials into archival acquisition procedures and provide practical solutions to meet this need.
LEGAL EXEGESIS ON THE EARLY MARRIAGE PHENOMENON AND CERVICAL CANCER IN WOMEN
Authors: Basid Abdul , Ma'arif A. Samsul , Rifqi Junaidi Mohammad , Suroiyah Evi Nurus , Budiya Bahroin 
Published: February 2025

Early marriage is a marital contract involving a child below the age of consent, a practice still prevalent in developing nations. Various factors contribute to early marriage, including economic pressures, community stigma, limited access to information, and a lack of knowledge. Early marriage carries numerous detrimental effects, such as higher divorce rates, unpreparedness for parenthood, and associated health issues like reproductive health problems in women. Cervical cancer, which primarily affects women, is one such health issue linked to early marriage. This article seeks to explore the Qur'anic response to the phenomenon of early marriage and its health implications, particularly cervical cancer. The research employs qualitative methods, drawing from classical Tafsir, academic journals, articles, and YouTube videos, to gather relevant data about the issues surrounding early marriage and cervical cancer. The insights provided in this article are intended to inform young individuals considering marriage about its potential impacts and to enhance public understanding of the persistent issues faced by societies in developing countries.
Abstrak: Pernikahan dini merupakan akad nikah yang dilakukan anak di bawah usia yang hingga saat ini sering terjadi di negara berkembang. Terdapat beberapa faktor penyebab terjadinya pernikahan dini. Faktor-faktor penyebab tersebut dapat berupa faktor ekonomi, stigma masyarakat, kurangnya akses terhadap informasi, minimnya pengetahuan. Pernikahan dini menghadirkan banyak dampak negatif, seperti perceraian dalam pernikahan, belum siap menjadi seorang orang tua bagi anaknya, dan penyakit yang timbul seperti kesehatan reproduksi wanita. Penyakit yang timbul ini salah satunya adalah kanker serviks yang menyerang wanita. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang bagaimana respon Al-Qur’an terhadap fenomena pernikahan dini yang berdampak pada masalah kesehatan yaitu kangker serviks. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersumber pada Tafsir klasik, jurnal, artikel, dan video YouTube. Metode ini bertujuan untuk mencari data yang signifikan mengenai permasalahan yang terjadi, berupa pembahasan mengenai pernikahan dini dan kanker serviks. Penulisan artikel ini memiliki manfaat untuk dijadikan pertimbangan oleh masyarakat yang ingin melakukan pernikahan pada usia belia, memberikan informasi mengenai dampak yang ditimbulkan, memberikan pemahaman pada masyarakat mengenai masalah yang saat ini masih mendominasi masyarakat negara berkembang.
Kata kunci: Respon Al-Qur’an, Polemik, Pernikahan Dini, Kanker Serviks
DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES BY THE STATE: FROM OLIGARCHY TO DEMOCRATIZATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlis  , Bin Paidi Zulhilmi , Masum Ahmad , Hasan Haslinda , Arowosaiye Yusuf Ibrahim 
Published: February 2025

The urgency of fostering political parties by the state is increasingly felt, especially in the context of ensuring that political parties do not only function as political machines for the benefit of a few. This research discusses the problems of democratization of political parties in Indonesia and the practice of fostering political parties in various countries as well as the constitutional idea of fostering political parties by the state in Indonesia. This research was compiled using the library research method, namely research with library studies as the main reference material in research with a statue, conceptual and comparative approach. This research aims to find out the problems of democratization of political parties in Indonesia, the practice of fostering political parties in various countries, as well as constitutional ideas regarding the development of political parties by the state in Indonesia.
Comparison of Evapotranspiration Calculated and Estimated By Different High-Resolution Gridded Analyses For Northeast Brazil
Authors: Silva Mariana Cavalcante da , Gomes Heliofábio Barros , Silva Fabrício Daniel dos Santos , Mariano Glauber Lopes , Santos Jannaylton Everton Oliveira , Accioly Joao Otavio Alves 
Published: February 2025

Objective: to present the results of a climatological analysis of evapotranspiration (ET) in the Brazilian Northeast (NEB) between 1961 and 2020, highlighting its seasonality, the identification of homogeneous groups by cluster analysis, and positive trends over the decades. In addition, the text compares the accuracy of two datasets (MODGroETa and ERA5-Land), emphasizing the superiority of ERA5-Land for ET estimates, especially after bias correction. The central purpose is to highlight the relevance of continuously monitoring and evaluating ET data for different regions and time scales.

Method: For this study, meteorological data from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) and high-resolution gridded analyses (0.1° x 0.1°) adjusted by elevation were used. These data underwent rigorous quality control and altitude correction. It used atmospheric reanalysis data with high spatial resolution (9 km) and hourly temporal frequency, based on observations from satellites, surface stations and snow data. The remote sensing model derived from MOD16 was used to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) based on the Penman-Monteith equation. It is available with a spatial resolution of 0.1° and a decadal time scale. Multivariate statistical technique applied to identify homogeneous areas in Northeast Brazil with similar ET characteristics, based on the monthly distribution of data.

Results and Discussion: The climatology of ET (1961-2020) in the NEB showed strong seasonality. Between January and April, the highest values (>4 mm/day) are concentrated in the semi-arid region, decreasing in the west of Piauí and Maranhão (<3.5 mm/day). From May to July, ET decreases in the east, while from September to December, the interior registers maximums (>5.5 mm/day). Cluster analysis identified six homogeneous regions, independent of rainfall patterns, with higher ET from September to November and lower values between April and June, showing significant seasonal variations in the NEB.

Research implications: The research contributes to water management, agricultural zoning and environmental conservation in the Brazilian Northeast (NEB). It identifies trends in evapotranspiration (ET) associated with climate change, provides subsidies for improving climate models and public policies, and fosters future research into adaptation and mitigation of impacts on ecosystems and communities.

Originality/Value: The study is original in identifying regional patterns of evapotranspiration in the NEB, combining cluster analysis and multiple data sources. Its value lies in its practical application for water management, agricultural zoning, environmental conservation and public policies, strengthening climate adaptation strategies and mitigating impacts on vulnerable ecosystems and communities.
TikTok for Assisting Low Motivated EFL Students in English Conversation (A Case Study at One of Private Vocational Schools in Ciamis)
Authors: Herdiana Hasya Ajriya , Rohayati Dedeh , Faridah Didih 
Published: February 2025

The study highlights the need to accommodate individual preferences and comfort levels in using the TikTok applications for language learning. This study aims to investigate the difficulties students face in performing English conversations and to analyze the students’ perceptions of using the TikTok application to perform English conversations. The present study employed qualitative paradigm using the type of case study and was conducted at one of the vocational schools in Ciamis. Additionally, the researcher used interviews and observation to answer the research objectives. The study discovered that students faced several challenges in creating content. Technical issues, such as video errors and slow upload times, were common obstacles. Additionally, environmental factors, such as background noise, often interfere with the quality of their videos. On a personal level, difficulties with language proficiency and a lack of confidence in content creation further complicated the process. These challenges underscore the importance of providing support and guidance for integrating TikTok as an educational tool effectively. However, the findings showed that TikTok has an appeal as an English language learning medium, particularly in developing speaking skills and boosting student confidence. A highly positive student responds to learning to speak through the TikTok Application because it fosters enthusiasm, motivation, and comfort in English conversation performance.
Sluice Gate Operation and Managed Water Levels Improve Predicted Estuarine Lake Water Quality
Authors: Kim Semin 
Published: February 2025

Saemangeum Lake, an artificial estuarine lake, suffers from a pollutant load from an upstream watershed that is insufficiently mitigated by current load reduction measures. However, no studies have reported simulated flow direction and velocity for a lake. This study aimed to present an alternative solution based on managing water levels and sluice gate operation. Data were collected on water quality, sluice gate operation, water levels, tidal currents, and flow velocities. Next, the inflow and outflow volumes through the sluice gates were calculated. The Delft3D model was applied to predict water quality in a number of simulated scenarios. Finally, streamline and vorticity were calculated to evaluate hydraulic phenomena, while the ecology-based seawater quality index was employed to evaluate water quality. Analysis of flow characteristics revealed a large-scale clockwise vortex formed in the area where the Mangyeong River meets one of the sluice gates. It revealed a two-layer circulation with different flows in the surface and bottom layers. Evaluation of predicted water quality showed that one-way circulation, alternated in 15-day cycles, significantly improved major water quality items at most stations. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the effect that gate operation and managed water levels can have on the water quality of estuarine lakes. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-01-015 Full Text: PDF
Methodology of Studies for Construction of Water Reservoir Dams in Countries Prone to Landslide Hazard
Authors: Igityan Hayk , Elbakyan Elbak , Hakobyan Hayarpi , Petrosyan Vanik , Karamyan Raffi , Gevorgyan Ani 
Published: February 2025

Construction of water reservoirs often has significant geomorphological and environmental impacts, particularly in regions prone to landslides. This study addresses the critical issue of slope stability in the context of the construction of a planned water reservoir in Astghadzor, Gegharkunik Marz, Armenia. The primary objectives are to investigate the stability of slopes, identify potential landslide triggers, and evaluate seismic impacts using advanced numerical modeling techniques. GeoStudio SLOPE/W software was employed, with calculations performed using the Morgenstern-Price and Spencer methods, which ensure rigorous equilibrium conditions for mountainous terrains. Field investigations and laboratory tests provided input data, forming an engineering-geology model for the analysis. The results reveal that the slopes remain stable under static loading conditions; however, seismic loading renders them unstable, particularly in soils related to Category III. Stability factors decrease by approximately 68% under adverse soil conditions. These findings underline the necessity for incorporating advanced stabilization measures and soil-specific interventions into the design of water reservoir dams. This study contributes to optimizing design methodologies, improving the safety of reservoirs, and guiding future research in landslide-prone and geologically challenging regions. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-01-016 Full Text: PDF
Experimental Investigation of Single and Intermittent Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid Spills Under Dynamic Groundwater
Authors: Almaliki Doaa F. , Ramli Harris , Zaiter Ali 
Published: February 2025

The groundwater contamination from petroleum by-products represented in Light Non-Aqueous Liquid (LNAPL) under groundwater table fluctuations has become a serious environmental problem. For this reason, developing a rapid response strategy incorporating experimental characterization of LNAPL distribution trajectories is crucial for assessing the threats of LNAPL contaminants in the subsurface environment. In this study, the influence of various LNAPL spills in a porous medium under dynamic groundwater conditions was investigated using the Simplified Image Analysis Method (SIAM). Single and intermittent LNAPL (diesel) spills of total volume (400 and 800 ml) were examined in a river sand ‎two-dimensional tank (70 cm × 70 cm × 3.5 cm) under the effect of groundwater table fluctuation. The results indicated that the contaminant was distributed above h=28 cm in the 400 ml LNAPL spill. However, it migrated below h=28 cm, and its saturation reached 36% when the LNAPL volume raised to 800 ml. The LNAPL saturation in the case of four LNAPL intermittent spills was more evenly distributed through the tank depth than in the cases of a single spill of 800 ml and two intermittent spills of 400 ml. Furthermore, LNAPL migrated to a larger depth in the system (h=18.5 cm) only in the case of four LNAPL intermittent spills and under groundwater table fluctuation, which poses a significant threat to the groundwater. This study highlights the importance of the effect of various LNAPL spills under dynamic groundwater conditions, which can offer valuable guidance for developing remediation schemes. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-01-017 Full Text: PDF