bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wild Bee Assemblages and Pollination Networks of Managed Emergent Wetlands in Central New York, USA
Authors: Jacobson Molly M. , Schummer Michael L. , Fierke Melissa K. , Chesshire Paige R. , Leopold Donald J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTo effectively protect wild bee pollinators and the services they provide, it is critical to gather data on their distributions, life histories, and interactions with plants among a diversity of habitat types. Wetlands are underrepresented in bee surveys, despite having a great diversity of flowering plants and known importance to hundreds of species of wildlife. In this 2‐year survey of a restored wetland complex in Central New York, over 9000 bees were collected, representing ≥ 109 species in 25 genera. We recorded 337 unique plant–pollinator associations, including those previously undocumented for the wetland obligate masked bee, Hylaeus nelumbonis (Robertson). Floral resources and bee genera were most diverse in August, and network analyses indicated September networks were the most connected, nested, and least modular. Floral resources also shifted towards being more native over the course of the season. Results show that emergent wetlands support diverse guilds of pollinators in the latter half of the growing season, and that wetland management can produce diverse conditions conducive to wild bee habitat.
Thiacloprid Exposure Induces Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Apoptosis in the Liver of Mauremys reevesii
Authors: Lin Shuqin , Xiao Yunjuan , Li Siyu , Tang Liyan , Shi Haitao , Hong Meiling , Ding Li 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAmong neonicotinoid insecticides, thiacloprid (THI) is extensively utilized in agricultural practices, which poses a potential toxicity risk to aquatic fauna. Turtles, integral to aquatic ecosystems, have not yet been comprehensively assessed for their vulnerability to THI exposure. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of THI on oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and apoptosis in aquatic turtles. We categorized Mauremys reevesii into three groups: a control group and two experimental groups exposed to environmentally relevant (4.5 μg/mL) and high (15 mg/mL) concentrations of THI, respectively. Transcriptome analysis revealed that genes significantly associated with the elimination of superoxide radicals, organelle inner membrane functions, peroxiredoxin activity, and apoptotic pathways were abundantly expressed in the high‐concentration THI group. Notably, exposure to high concentrations of THI led to a marked increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, whereas catalase (CAT) activity declined and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels rose, indicating the presence of oxidative stress. Moreover, THI upregulated the expression of the ER stress marker GRP78. Simultaneously, the mRNA levels of pivotal unfolded protein response genes, including AFT6, AFT4, IRE1α, CHOP, XBP1, and eIF2α, were significantly elevated in response to THI exposure. Furthermore, high concentrations of THI significantly activated the activities of caspase‐3, caspase‐8, and caspase‐9 enzymes in the liver tissue. The expression of anti‐apoptotic gene Bcl‐2 was downregulated, whereas the pro‐apoptotic genes Bax and caspase‐3 were upregulated, leading to an increase in hepatic apoptotic cells following THI exposure. Collectively, our study indicates that THI can induce hepatic damage in turtles through the promotion of oxidative stress, ERS, and apoptosis. These findings gain a deeper understanding of the toxic effects of THI on keystone species in aquatic ecosystems, thereby improving our overall understanding of their environmental impacts.
Real‐Time Sensing Technology of Mixed Gas Concentrations Using Multiple Micromachined Thermal Conductivity Detectors
Authors: Akimoto Yosuke , Wang Ping , Kurui Yoshihiko , Fujiwara Naoya , Hiramatsu Naoki , Ishibashi Fumitaka , Yamazaki Yui , Kitagawa Ryota , Yamazaki Hiroaki , Kojima Akihiro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a new method for fast simultaneous monitoring of individual gas concentrations in a gas mixture by using small micromachined sensors. The developed method uses output data from multiple micromachined thermal conductivity detectors of different sensitivities. We confirmed that the fabricated sensors can accurately determine the concentrations of each of three gases in a mixture. The prototype sensor module was miniaturized to less than 1/72th the size of conventional gas chromatography (GC) equipment. Demonstration tests were conducted in a CO2 electrolysis cell for CO2 capture and utilization technologies, and each gas concentration was successfully monitored 176 times faster than conventional GC could for a mixture of H2, CO2, and CO gases.
Exploring Healthcare Access Challenges Among South Asian Migrants in Australia: A Mixed‐Method Study
Authors: Nisar Mehwish , Costa Nathalia , Kolbe‐Alexander Tracy , Khan Asaduzzaman 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIssue AddressedHealthcare access disparities, particularly among migrant populations, are escalating. This research focuses on exploring aspects related to healthcare access disparities in the rapidly growing South Asian communities in Australia, which bear a disproportionate burden of chronic diseases.MethodsThis study employed an exploratory sequential mixed‐method approach (qualitative followed by quantitative), with five focus group discussions (six to eight participants each) and an online survey (n = 460). NVivo and SPSS were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis, respectively.ResultsThe study participants are from South Asia, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Pakistan, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Thematic analysis of focus group discussions identified factors influencing healthcare service utilisation among migrants, including a preference for home remedies over doctor consultations, language barriers, limited access to relevant information, high costs of specialist and dental care, dissatisfaction with rushed doctor interactions and system‐related concerns. One in six survey respondents encountered challenges in accessing timely healthcare, with the most frequently reported barriers being prolonged waiting times (72%), out‐of‐pocket expenses (48%), and limited awareness and availability of services (36%). Migrants with multiple chronic diseases faced the highest barriers to accessing timely healthcare (57.8%), with significantly higher odds of encountering these barriers than those with no or one chronic condition (OR = 0.436, 95% CI = 0.222–0.856).ConclusionsSouth Asian migrants face challenges to access affordable, timely, patient‐centred healthcare. A robust collaboration between services, healthcare providers and the community is essential for sustainable solutions.So What?Reducing waiting times and language barriers, improving awareness of available services and enhancing access to affordable specialist and dental services are imperative to foster equitable healthcare outcomes for Australia's diverse population.
Multi‐omics reveals different signatures of obesity‐prone and obesity‐resistant mice
Authors: Wang Congcong , Lin Jinhua , Duan Meng , He Jialing , Halizere Simayi , Chen Ningxin , Chen Xinyu , Jiao Ye , He Wei , Dyar Kenneth A. , Yang Fei , Zhu Shankuan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObesity‐prone (OP) and obesity‐resistant (OR) individuals demonstrate significant metabolic differences, potentially influenced by variations in the gut microbiome. However, the influence of host–microbiota interactions on obesity susceptibility remains unknown. We performed an integrative multi‐omics approach to explore microbial, metabolic, and genetic differences in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed OP and OR mice, with additional analyses of gut microbiota variations in humans. In OP mice, the dynamic gut microbiota was characterized by a stable presence of Longibaculum, while Kineothrix predominated in OR mice. We termed both as keystone bacteria. Beyond these, eight dominant bacterial genera were significantly associated with bile acid metabolites and amino acids. Three of these genera were also identified in OR humans and showed positive correlations with genes that may support intestinal barrier function. We identified 22 specific amino acid profiles as potential biomarkers for obesity susceptibility, along with significantly increased levels of ten non‐12‐OH bile acids in fecal of OR mice. In vivo, mouse experiments demonstrated that ursodeoxycholic and hyodeoxycholic acids could reduce HFD‐induced obesity. Additionally, the colon of OP mice displayed a higher presence of inflammatory cells. These findings suggest that host–microbiota interactions may contribute to phenotypic differences between OP and OR. Our study offers insights into crucial intestinal markers associated with obesity, providing a valuable resource for advancing the understanding of obesity‐prone and obesity‐resistant phenotypes.
Bilayer or Not: Revisiting the Structural Nature of HBV Subviral Particles
Authors: Liu Haitao , Garg Sonal , Hu Jianming , Wang Joseph Che‐Yen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHepatitis B virus (HBV) subviral particles (SVPs) are primarily stabilized by protein–protein interactions, with discrete lipid patches playing a supporting role, rather than forming a conventional lipid bilayer, challenging classical assumptions about viral membrane architecture.
Functional analysis of the transcription factor CcUNE10 in red and blue LED light‐induced coloration of mandarin fruit
Authors: Han Jin , Wang Huali , Meng Kuo , Han Saiying , Ai Yeru , Zeng Kaifang , Deng Lili 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe peel and flesh of early maturing mandarin fruit in the Chongqing region do not reach maturity at the same time.RESULTSIt was found that red and blue LED light could promote color change in these fruit by inducing the degradation of chlorophyll and the synthesis of carotenoids. Blue LED light was more effective in inducing the synthesis of carotenoids. Analysis of transcriptome data revealed that the transcription factor CcUNE10 (Ciclev10020053mg) may participate in the regulation of mandarin fruit peel coloration under both red and blue LED light. Analysis of the CcUNE10 biological information showed that CcUNE10 is highly homologous to Arabidopsis AtUNE10, and has transcriptionally active elements that are localized in the nucleus and responsive to light, abscisic acid, and growth factors. On the second day following infection, tobacco leaves with heterologous transient overexpression of CcUNE10 showed a significant reduction in chlorophyll b and chlorophyllide b (P < 0.05). Mandarin fruit with transient overexpression of CcUNE10 also showed a significant yellow phenotype on the third day, with a significantly accelerated reduction of chlorophyll and its metabolites (P < 0.05). Significant up‐regulation was observed in the genes CcCHlH, CcChlase2, CcNYC1, and CcPAO, which are related to chlorophyll degradation (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONIn summary, red and blue LED light led to color change in mandarin fruit by inducing chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid synthesis. CcUNE10 may play an important role in red and blue LED irradiation‐induced degradation of chlorophyll. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Disturbance Observer–Based Adaptive Dynamic Event‐Triggered Control for a Class of Nonlinear Systems With Input Saturation
Authors: Chen Lu , Chen Weimin , Wang Lanning 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFor the adaptive tracking control of a class of nonlinear systems with asymmetric input saturation and external disturbances, a novel dynamic event‐triggered neural network control scheme on the foundation of full‐state constraints is proposed. Firstly, by adding a compensation term into the traditional dynamic surface control framework, the filtering error ignored generally is eliminated. Secondly, a nonlinear disturbance observer is constructed to observe the compound interference united by external disturbances and approximation errors based on the approximation ability of neural network. Thirdly, an auxiliary variable is combined with a smooth function used to deal with the saturated input function to offset the influence of input saturation constraints. In addition, for ensuring that all states of the system are constrained by preset time‐varying ranges, the adaptive control method and dynamic event‐triggered condition are posed with the help of barrier Lyapunov function. Then, the tracking performance and the boundness of all signals in the closed‐loop system can be guaranteed by employing the presented adaptive control approach with dynamic event‐triggered mechanism, as well as the Zeno behavior does not appear. Finally, the validity of the designed control method can be demonstrated in simulation examples.
Deep Learning‐Based Accelerated MR Cholangiopancreatography Without Fully‐Sampled Data
Authors: Kim Jinho , Nickel Marcel Dominik , Knoll Florian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to accelerate MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) acquisitions using deep learning‐based (DL) reconstruction at 3 and 0.55 T. A total of 35 healthy volunteers underwent conventional twofold accelerated MRCP scans at field strengths of 3 and 0.55 T. We trained DL reconstructions using two different training strategies, supervised (SV) and self‐supervised (SSV), with retrospectively sixfold undersampled data obtained at 3 T. We then evaluated the DL reconstructions against standard techniques, parallel imaging (PI) and compressed sensing (CS), focusing on peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) as metrics. We also tested DL reconstructions with prospectively accelerated acquisitions and evaluated their robustness when changing fields strengths from 3 to 0.55 T. DL reconstructions demonstrated a reduction in average acquisition time from 599/542 to 255/180 s for MRCP at 3 T/0.55 T. In both retrospective and prospective undersampling, PSNR and SSIM of DL reconstructions were higher than those of PI and CS. At the same time, DL reconstructions preserved the image quality of undersampled data, including sharpness and the visibility of hepatobiliary ducts. In addition, both DL approaches produced high‐quality reconstructions at 0.55 T. In summary, DL reconstructions trained for highly accelerated MRCP enabled a reduction in acquisition time by a factor of 2.4/3.0 at 3 T/0.55 T while maintaining the image quality of conventional acquisitions.
Metarhizium fungi as plant symbionts
Authors: Tang Xingyuan , Wang Xinmiao , Cheng Xianxian , Wang Xinru , Fang Weiguo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetarhizium fungi are pathogens of arthropods, with several early‐diverged species infecting lizards or mushrooms. Most Metarhizium species are also beneficial plant symbionts, and they mainly colonize rhizosphere and rhizoplane with some strains colonizing leaves and stems. The development of Metarhizium and plant association commence either by the attachment of spores to roots or rhizosphere colonization. Rhizosphere hyphae are further attracted to roots by nutrient‐rich root exudates, facilitating rhizoplane colonization. Both undifferentiated and differentiated (characterized by appressorial formation) hyphae can penetrate between root epidermal cells, with sporadical colonization. Plant‐derived reactive oxygen species play a crucial role in limiting root cell colonization by Metarhizium. Metarhizium utilizes plant‐derived sugars and fatty acids for the growth while transferring insect‐derived nitrogen to the plants. Additionally, Metarhizium facilitates plant’s utilization of environmental phosphorus, zinc, and iron via increasing the bioavailability of these nutrients. Metarhizium colonization can improve plant resistance to herbivores, microbial pathogens, and abiotic stresses. Given their versatile benefits to plants, Metarhizium has been developed as insecticides, fertilizers, and plant immunity promoters. In addition to terrestrial ecosystems, recent studies report that Metarhizium also inhabits aquatic and wetland ecosystems, which could further enhance the understanding of their biology and ecology and widen their applications.
Racial and ethnic disparities in clinical trials for pediatric obesity
Authors: Coughlin Catherine G. , Zoltick Emilie S. , Stanford Fatima Cody , Ong Mei‐Sing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the representation of historically marginalized racial and ethnic groups in pediatric obesity clinical trials.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis of clinical trials in pediatric obesity (participants aged ≤18 years) that were registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, were completed from January 2013 to August 2023, and were conducted in the United States. We quantified disparities in trial enrollment by calculating the enrollment‐prevalence disparity (EPD) for each racial and ethnic group.ResultsA total of 260 trials met eligibility criteria, of which 128 trials (49.2%) reported race and/or ethnicity data. Enrollment of White, Hispanic, and Black children roughly reflects disease burden in these populations. However, relative to disease burden, Asian (EPD, −3.7%; IQR, −3.7% to 1.8%; p < 0.0001), American Indian and Alaska Native (EPD, −2.1%; IQR, −2.1% to −2.1%; p < 0.0001), and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (EPD, −0.6%; IQR, −0.6% to −0.6%; p < 0.0001) children were significantly underrepresented in these trials.ConclusionsWith the exception of Black and Hispanic children, historically marginalized racial groups were underrepresented in pediatric obesity trials, signifying a need to improve diversity of participants in these trials. Additionally, there are substantial gaps in the documentation of race and ethnicity information. Concerted efforts are needed to ensure adequate reporting of race and ethnicity information in clinical trials.
School‐Based Mental Health Practices Within a Multi‐Tiered System of Support: A Mixed Methods Investigation of Targeted and Intensive Services
Authors: Ormiston Heather E. , Nygaard Malena A. , Husmann Polly 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTResearch supports the use of multi‐tiered systems of support (MTSS) for meeting student academic, behavioral, and socioemotional needs. MTSS is viewed as an ideal model to deliver school‐based mental health (SBMH) services to students. However, limited research has examined what this framework for service delivery looks like in practice. Utilizing a national participant sample and a mixed‐methods convergent (quan + QUAL) design, the purpose of this study is to examine participant use of MTSS for SBMH and to examine practitioners' perspectives on the implementation of Tier 2 and 3 services. Respondents in our current sample indicated a level of uncertainty regarding the identification of students for SBMH services and the delivery of Tier 2 and Tier 3 services, particularly as this relates to special education. Additionally, respondents indicated “insufficient” supports for the provision of Tier 3 services. Limitations, implications for practice, and future directions are discussed.
Personality and Sleep Psychopathology: Associations Between the DSM‐5 Maladaptive Trait Domains and Multiple Sleep Problems in an Adult Population
Authors: Zakiei Ali , Khazaie Habibolah , Alimoradi Mohammadreza , El Rafihi‐Ferreira Renatha , Moradi Mohammad‐Taher , Komasi Saeid 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGiven the lack of sufficient studies exploring the nature of sleep problems from the perspective of the alternative model of personality disorders (AMPD) proposed by the DSM‐5, the present study is aimed at determining the associations between five trait domains such as negative affectivity and sleep problems (insomnia, parasomnia, hypersomnia, circadian rhythm sleep disorder, restless legs syndrome, and sleep‐disordered breathing) in an adult population. Adults aged 18–65 from western Iran were invited to the study via virtual platforms (N = 928; 62% female) and responded online to the Brief Form of Personality Inventory for DSM‐5 and the Holland Sleep Disorder Questionnaire to assess sleep problems. The regression analyses indicated that the AMPD trait domains could significantly predict both specific sleep problems (R2 ranges from 0.13 to 0.17; all p ≤ 0.001) and total score of sleep problems (R2 = 0.23; p < 0.001). Psychoticism (β ranges from 0.26 to 0.39; all p < 0.001) and negative affectivity (β ranges from 0.14 to 0.29; all p ≤ 0.002) were the strongest specific domains associated with all sleep problems. The findings highlighted links between maladaptive domains of the AMPD and multiple sleep problems. The unique profiles of each sleep problem are useful in selecting treatments tailored to specific sleep problems in adults.
Synthesis and Metal Ion Adsorption Properties of a Dense Triazole Polymer Carrying Cysteine Residues
Authors: Ejima Ryo , Nakahata Masaki , Kamon Yuri , Hashidzume Akihito 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCopper(I)‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is promising as a reaction to synthesize functional polymers consisting of 1,2,3‐triazole units. Recently, we reported a series of dense 1,2,3‐triazole polymers of 4‐azido‐5‐hexynoic acid derivatives. Herein, we designed a new water‐soluble dense 1,2,3‐triazole polymer carrying amino acid residues in the side chains, that is, poly(N‐(4‐azido‐5‐hexynoyl)cysteine) (poly(AC)), bearing L‐cysteine as a ligand for metal ions. CuAAC polymerization of a protected monomer followed by deprotection and neutralization yielded the sodium salt of poly(AC) (poly(AC)Na). The adsorption capacity of poly(AC)Na with Cd2+ was investigated with a colorimetric assay. Furthermore, the interactions for poly(AC) with group 12 metal ions (Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+) were investigated using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and transmittance measurements. Utilizing the colorimetric assay data, the Cd2+ adsorption capacity per unit weight of poly(AC)Na was evaluated to be 4–5 mmol g−1, comparable to those of Cd2+ adsorbents reported previously. The ITC data demonstrated that the interactions of poly(AC)Na with Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ were predominantly exothermic. Based on the ITC data, apparent dissociation constants of interactions were roughly estimated to be in the order of 10−5–10−4 M, which are comparable to those for metal‐binding biomolecules. The transmittance data indicated that the poly(AC)Na/CdCl2 system underwent phase separation.
Barriers to Homeownership Among Young People in Australia: Unpacking Competing Hypotheses
Authors: Ong ViforJ Rachel , Hewton Jack , Phelps Christopher 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe homeownership prospects of young people are declining globally. There have been widespread public concerns regarding barriers posed by unaffordable housing markets and tighter borrowing constraints, but equally a recognition that parental assistance can overcome these constraints. At the same time, public commentary often suggests that young people exhibit behaviours that are not conducive to saving for home purchase. This paper tests the relative importance of competing hypotheses regarding the barriers to homeownership among young people using the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey. We find strong evidence that affordability constraints in the form of unaffordable housing markets and binding borrowing constraints are key barriers to homeownership. These constraints can be mitigated in the presence of intergenerational support as receipt of parental transfers in excess of AU$5000 quadruples the odds of achieving ownership. Poor saving habits, short‐term financial planning and labour market precarities have negative impacts on homeownership prospects, but they are relatively less important drivers of homeownership attainment than affordability constraints and parental transfers.