bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Pediatric Residents in Saudi Arabia Equipped to Provide Breastfeeding Care? A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bahawi Yara O. , Al-Wassia Heidi K. , Bahaidarah Saud A. , Aloufi Faisal S. , Aljehani Mohammed A. , Alfaydi Rafah A. , Alghamdi Jana S. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
There is a progressive reduction in breastfeeding rates in Saudi Arabia. Counseling and support from health-care providers are useful in overcoming barriers to continuing breastfeeding. However, medical education and residency programs often do not adequately provide breastfeeding training.

Objective:
To determine the knowledge, comfort level, perception, and clinical practices of pediatric residents regarding breastfeeding in Saudi Arabia and to measure the level and type of education received during their residency training.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study included pediatric residents from across Saudi Arabia who were registered with the Saudi Commission for Health Sciences and was conducted from February 2021 to January 2022. A validated self-reported questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. Knowledge score was calculated as a percentage of correct answers.

Results:
A total of 253 residents completed the survey. The mean knowledge score was 58.4% ± 22.7%, which was lower than the cut-off threshold of good knowledge. Almost half of the residents (49.4%) were confident about addressing breastfeeding-related concerns. Although nearly all residents (91.7%) agreed that breastfeeding promotion is part of their role, 35% never or rarely met the mother before birth to discuss breastfeeding. Didactic teaching was the most prevalent educational tool during their training (34.3%); however, most residents preferred learning through interactive workshops (83.7%) and following lactation consultants (82.8%).

Conclusion:
Despite positive perceptions and confidence in providing breastfeeding care, pediatric residents in Saudi Arabia lack optimal knowledge of breastfeeding. These findings indicate the need for enhancing breastfeeding curricula in pediatric residency programs to improve breastfeeding consultation and management.
Prostate-specific Antigen Density as a Proxy for Predicting Prostate Cancer Severity: Is There Any Difference between Systematic and Targeted Biopsy?
Authors: Arafa Mostafa A. , Farhat Karim Hamda , Rabah Danny M. , Khan Farrukh K. , Mokhtar Alaa , Al-Taweel Waleed 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Prostate cancer screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can result in unnecessary biopsies and overdiagnosis. Alternately, PSA density (PSAD) calculation may help support biopsy decisions; however, evidence of its usefulness is not concrete.

Objective:
To evaluate the predictive value of PSAD for clinically significant prostate cancer detection by systematic and MRI-targeted biopsies.

Methods:
This prospective study was conducted at two tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between December 2018 and November 2021. Patients suspected of prostate cancer were subjected to multi-parametric MRI, and for those with positive findings, systematic and targeted biopsies were performed. Clinically non-significant and significant prostate cancer cases were classified based on histopathology-defined ISUP grade or Gleason score. The PSAD was measured using the prostate volume determined by the MRI and categorized into ≤0.15, 0.16–0.20, and >0.20 ng/ml2 subgroups.

Results:
Systematic and targeted biopsies were carried out for 284 patients. The discriminant ability of PSAD is higher in MRI-targeted biopsy compared with systematic biopsy (AUC: 0.77 vs. 0.73). The highest sensitivity (97%) and specificity (87%) were detected at 0.07 ng/ml2 in targeted biopsy. More than half of the clinically significant cases were detected in the >0.2 ng/ml2 PSAD category (systematic: 52.4%; targeted: 51.1%). The CHAID methodology found that the probability of having clinically significant cancer (CSC) in patients with PSAD >0.15 ng/ml2 was more than threefold than that in patients with PSAD ≤0.15 ng/ml2 (64% vs. 20.2%). When considered by age, in PSAD ≤0.15 ng/ml2 subgroup, the percentage of CSC detection rate increased from 20.2% to 24.6% in patients aged ≥60 years.

Conclusion:
PSAD has good discriminant power for predicting clinically significant prostate cancer. A cutoff of 0.07 ng/ml2 should be adopted, but should be interpreted with caution and by considering other parameters such as age.
Surgical Consent in the Pediatric Age Group: Parental Perceptions Toward Legal Aspects of Informed Consent
Authors: Essa Madani 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The perceptions of parents/legal guardians may drive their decisions on providing informed consent for minors. Currently, no study from Saudi Arabia has assessed the perceptions of parents/legal guardians toward informed consent for pediatric surgical procedures.

Objective:
To determine parents’ perception and understanding of pediatric informed consent for surgeries from Saudi Arabia and determining their level of participation in the decision-making process of the treatment modality.

Methods:
This observational cross-sectional study was conducted among parents from the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia with at least one child aged ≤ 12 years. Three aspects of surgical informed consent were evaluated: parents’ awareness, attitude, and understanding of informed consent and its legal issues; the knowledge they sought during informed consent discussions; and parents’ opinions about their respective roles in the decision-making process for the treatment.

Results:
A total of 366 responses were included in this study. More than 95% of the participants agreed that informed consent was necessary; however, 94.7% felt that regardless of their beliefs, they had to sign the form. Surprisingly, the majority (61%) believed that any relative can sign the consent form on behalf of the parents/legal guardian. Most respondents believe that pre-operative procedures (80.8%), the cost (93.9%), and the reason for the procedure and its alternatives (87.2%) should be discussed when informed consent is being sought. About 76.5% of the participants wanted to know all the information regarding the procedure; of these, 48.3% responded that they would play a role in deciding the eventual treatment modality.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study indicate the need to increase knowledge regarding surgical informed consent among parents in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia.
Seroprevalence of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus–1 in a Jamaican Antenatal Population and Assessment of Pooled Testing as a Cost Reduction Strategy for Implementation of Routine Antenatal Screening
Authors: Leys Ynolde E. , Cameron Jenene , Frater Velesha , Thomas Kaesha , Butterfield Tiffany R. , Campbell Mitchell Michelle , Maddan Cathy , Moore Jacynth , Pierre Russell , Cloherty Gavin A. , Anzinger Joshua J. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT.
Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)–1 is associated with increased risk of adult T-cell leukemia and can be unrecognized without routine antenatal screening. We assessed the seroprevalence of HTLV-1/2 among pregnant women attending The University Hospital of the West Indies Antenatal Clinic, 2019, and validated a cost-effective strategy to screen antenatal clinic attendees for HTLV-1/2. Residual antenatal samples from 370 women were tested for HTLV-1/2 by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). Six samples were confirmed HTLV-1 positive by Western blot (none for HTLV-2) for a prevalence of 1.62%. Four mother–child pairs were able to be recruited for HTLV testing of children, with two children testing HTLV-1/2 positive. Medical records of HTLV-1–infected women revealed that all women breastfed, indicating an unrecognized risk for HTLV MTCT. To assess whether pooling of samples as a cost-reduction strategy could be introduced, we pooled all antenatal samples received between November and December 2021 into 12 pools of eight samples/pool. Two pools were CMIA positive, and de-pooling of samples identified two CMIA-positive samples (one per pool), both confirmed as HTLV-1 by Western blot. These results indicate that HTLV-1 remains prevalent in pregnant Jamaican women and that sample pooling can be a cost-effective strategy to limit MTCT in Jamaica.
The Story of Definite Integrals: A Calculus Textbook Narrative Analysis
Authors: Huffman Hayes Amanda 
Published: October 2023

There is a plethora of textbooks to choose from. While most textbooks contain the same content, teachers need to understand the textbook they have chosen to support their students’ learning, as textbooks can significantly impact student learning and teacher instruction. When searching for a way to understand the various textbooks, my research question became, How do calculus textbooks tell the story of definite integrals? My research is in response to the never-ending search for how teachers can select and use their resources. Also, this study contributes to understanding the relationships between stories and knowledge construction using Dietiker’s (2015) narrative framework to analyze the written calculus curriculum. I wrote the specific stories of introducing the definite integral as told by five calculus textbooks. Analyzing how the stories developed disclosed the similarities and differences among the texts in teaching definite integrals. The analysis also revealed a variety of avenues to introduce and teach definite integrals, including a focus on the area under the curve, Riemann sums, or the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, and some implications to the context of physics related to these avenues. These insights provide teachers with a deeper understanding of textbook lessons and the variances that can potentially alter student learning.
Engineering Praxis Ethos: Designing Experiences to Support Curricular and Instructional Improvement in STEM Education
Authors: Salcedo Oscar H. , Carrejo David J. , Luna Sergio 
Published: October 2023

This paper discusses engineering praxis ethos (EPE), a proposed framework for constructing a STEM learning environment embedding interrelated components of learner experience and design activity, which can support curriculum and instructional design and evaluation in STEM education. The authors propose that STEM is a meta-discipline that relies on the design life cycle, the intellectual root of engineering disciplinary knowledge. The nature of design and design activity calls attention to domain-specific needs of STEM teachers and focuses discussions and critiques about the epistemological adequacy of integrated STEM content knowledge. Given the urgent need for learners to develop 21st century skills in STEM, the authors argue for the feasibility of incorporating both mathematical and simulation models using new technologies when designing experiences for learners. An example of teaching and learning systems thinking in undergraduate engineering education highlights how EPE can be a viable theory of action for STEM educators.
Anlo War Songs: The Linguistic Prowess of Warriors
Authors: Vinyo Innocent Yao , Dumedah Joshua Elikplim , Yekple Sampson L K , Attricki Calvin Mawuli 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: Language is the heart of every communication. The choice and use of language determine the appropriateness and clarity of the speaker’s intentions. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the composers of Anlo war songs employ literary devices in their compositions to realize the intended purposes.
Methodology: Anlo war songs are always replete with themes and figurative messages. The research approach was purely qualitative as data for analysis was ethnographically gathered through observation and interview. The population was the natives of Anlo-Ewes. Primary data was collected from three Anlo communities. Fifteen respondents (eight women and seven men), whose ages were between seventy and ninety years were selected for the study through snowballing. Hogbetsotso and Godigbe festivals of the chiefs and people of Anlo and Aflao were visited for data saturation. Five songs were selected out of the twelve for the study through simple random sampling.
Findings: It was discovered that a lot of literary devices are used in the Anlo war song. Idioms, proverbs, repetitions, personifications, symbolism, rhymes, imagery, pun on a line, alliteration, assonance, parallelism, synecdoche and apostrophe were identified from the songs and analyzed. It was revealed from the analysis that repetition, symbolism, imagery and rhyme are common in all the songs. Composers do this to ensure that they are emphatic, explanatory and meaningful, and there is also musical harmony in their compositions.
Recommendations: The paper suggested that stakeholders of the Anlos should initiate programs to create awareness in the people about the language use in singing of Anlo war songs. Inter-cultural education should be intensified to wipe out the erroneous impression that Anlo war songs are demonic. Anlo war songs should be documented and taught in schools serving Ewe communities to preserve the cultural heritage of the people. The value in the language used in singing Anlo war songs should be shared with the outer world by translating and publishing them in the local and foreign languages.
PENERAPAN TERAPI BERMAIN PUZZLE PADA ANAK PRASEKOLAH (3-6 TAHUN) YANG MENGALAMI KECEMASAN AKIBAT HOSPITALISASI DI BANGSAL SHOFA RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH KARANGANYAR
Authors: Pramudita Cheli Dwi Astuti , Maryatun Maryatun 
Published: October 2023

Kecemasan adalah suatu keadaan yang ditandai dengan perasaan takut dan pertanda system saraf otonom yang hiperaktif, dari rasa takut dapat menjadi respon akibat hospitalisasi pada anak. Untuk mengurangi kecemasan anak dapat diberikan terapi bermain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hasil penerapan terapi bermain puzzle terhadap penurunan kecemasan pada anak usia prasekolah akibat hospitalisasi.
Metode penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif studi kasus kepada 3 responden anak usia prasekolah yang mengalami kecemasan. Kecemasan diobservasi sebelum dan sesudah terapi bermain puzzle. Hasil penelitian didapatkan setelah dilakukan penerapan terapi bermain puzzle didapatkan hasil bahwa terapi bermain puzzle dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada anak yang sedang mengalami hospitalisasi. Kesimpulan peneltian ini yaitu terapi bermain merupakan terapi bermain yang dapat membantu menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada anak yag sedang mengalami hospitalisasi.
DINAMIKA PENGETUA WANITA SEBAGAI AGEN PERUBAHAN DI SEKOLAH BERPAKSIKAN GAYA KOMUNIKASI DINAMIK: SATU PERSPEKTIF
Authors: EMMA BINTI TINGKAS  , SYAHRUDDIN AWANG AHMAD  
Published: October 2023

Pengetua merupakan pemimpin atau individu terpenting yang berperanan membawa transformasi dalam memastikan visi dan misi sekolah mampu untuk direalisasikan. Pengetua wanita tidak terkecuali daripada memainkan peranan sebagai agen perubahan, sama seperti peranan yang dimainkan oleh pengetua lelaki. Artikel ini mengetengahkan peranan pengetua wanita yang bertindak sebagai agen perubahan di sebuah sekolah menengah yang terletak di daerah Tuaran. Dalam artikel ini, pengetua wanita melaksanakan peranan sebagai ketua dalam organisasi berpaksikan kepada gaya komunikasi Dinamik berdasarkan daripada dapatan kajian yang diperoleh dari sesi temu bual mendalam bersama dengan pengkaji dan juga edaran borang soal selidik dalam kalangan subordinat yakni guru-guru yang berkhidmat di bawah seliaan beliau. Gaya Komunikasi Dinamik ini merupakan gaya komunikasi yang berorientasikan tindakan (action oriented) menurut Tubbs dan Moss (1996) dalam buku yang dihasilkan oleh mereka, iaitu Human Communication. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa pengetua wanita berjaya melaksanakan peranan sebagai ketua yang diamanahkan untuk memimpin, mentadbir dan mengurus serta membawa kepada anjakan paradigma yang melibatkan aspek akademik, kokurikulum, disiplin dan persekitaran sekolah yang membanggakan. Dapatan kajian ini sekali gus mengesahkan lagi dapatan kajian para sarjana lain sebelum ini yang menyatakan bahawa pengetua merupakan agen perubahan yang menjadi inti pati utama dalam membawa transformasi di sekolah.

The principal is the most important leader or individual who plays a role to bringing transformation in ensuring that the vision andmission of the school able to be realized. Female principals are not exempt from playing the same role as agents of change as the role played by male principals. This paper highlights the role of a female principal acting as an agent of change in a secondary school located in the Tuaran district. In this paper, the female principal performs the role of leader in the organization based on a Dynamic communication style, based on the findings obtained from the In-Depth Interview session with the researcher and also thedistribution of Questionnaire Forms among subordinates namely teachers who serve under her. The Dynamic communication style is an action-oriented communication style according to Tubbs and Moss (1996) in their book, Human Communication. This article concludes that female principal successfully performs the role of head entrusted to lead, administer and manage as well as lead to a paradigm shift involving academic aspects, curriculum, discipline, and a proud school environment. The findings of this article also confirm the findings of other scholars who have previously stated that the principal is an agent of change which is the main essence in bringing about transformation in schools.
ADAT DAN AMALAN PERKAHWINAN DALAM KALANGAN MASYARAKAT INDIA (TAMIL) DI SEKINCHAN, SELANGOR: PENGEKALAN TRADISI ATAU MODEN?
Authors: GEETHA THEVARAZEN  , ROSAZMAN HUSSIN  
Published: October 2023

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengetahui proses upacara dalam adat dan amalan perkahwinan tradisional masyarakat India dan perubahan-perubahan yang berlaku dalam pengamalan upacara perkahwinan tersebut pada masa kini. Kajian ini dilakukan dalam kalangan masyarakat India di Sekinchan, Selangor. Pada masa kini, adat dan amalan perkahwinan tradisional semakin terhakis dalam masyarakat, terutamanya dalam masyarakat moden termasuk masyarakat India. Terdapat beberapa adat dan amalan upacara yang tidak lagi diamalkan oleh masyarakat India kini. Mereka lebih mengamalkan upacara perkahwinan yang lebih ringkas berbanding upacara perkahwinan tradisional. Hal ini menyebabkan berlakunya perubahan dalam adat dan amalan perkahwinan masyarakat India daripada bentuk amalan tradisi kepada moden. Pendekatan penyelidikan kualitatif telah diaplikasikan dalam kajian ini. Seramai empat orang informan telah ditemu bual secara mendalam. Kaedah pemerhatian juga turut dilaksanakan untuk mendapatkan maklumat yang menyeluruh. Seterusnya, sumber sekunder juga turut digunakan dalam kajian ini untuk mengukuhkan dapatan kajian. Kajian ini melihat kepada tahap upacara perkahwinan iaitu tahap upacara sebelum, semasa dan selepas perkahwinan berlangsung. Hasil kajian menunjukkan amalan dan upacara perkahwinan tradisional yang diamalkan oleh masyarakat India pada masa kini telah mengalami perubahan. Namun, amalan dan upacara perkahwinan tersebut masih mempunyai kesinambungan dengan warisan tradisi masyarakat India. Justeru, implikasi kajian ini adalah penting untuk memulihara adat, amalan dan warisan budaya tradisi nenek moyang masyarakat India di Malaysia daripada pupus.

This study was conducted to identify the rituals processes in the practice of traditional Indian and to study the changes that occured in the practice of marriage ceremony among the Indian community nowadays. This study was conducted among the Indian community in Sekinchan, Selangor. Nowadays all the ceremonies that practiced by the traditional Indian community have undergone changes as compared to modern society including Indian community. Some customs and ceremonial practices are no longer practicedby the Indian community today. They are more likely to practice the simple wedding ceremonies then traditionals. This led to a change in customs and practices from traditional to modern forms in marriage. A qualitative research approach has been applied in this study. 4 informants were interviewed and secondary sources were also implemented. The study focussed on the all wedding ceremonies practiced by the Indian community which is the ceremony before, during and after the marriage took place. The results show that the traditional wedding practices and ceremonies practiced by the Indian society today have changed but they still follow the culture of ancestors. Thus, the implications of this study are important to preserve the customs, practices and cultural heritage of the Malaysia ancestral traditions from extinct.
The Role of Katekisasi Sidi in Building Faith to Form the Character of Sidi Participants at HKBP Sukadame Pematang Siantar
Authors: Munthe Bangun , Butarbutar Imelda , Ginting Rini Tiara 
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research is to find out the extent of the role of Sidi Catechism in building faith to shape the character of Sidi participants at HKBP Sukadame. The research population was Sidi participants at HKBP Sukadame with a total of 46 people. This research uses a descriptive method while the data analysis used in hypothesis testing is Pearson Product Moment correlation and the data collection tool is a closed questionnaire for variables Pearson Product Moment correlation statistics, and from the correlation results obtained r = 0.372 with a determination test of 13.69% and to determine whether the correlation coefficient is significant at the real level (α) = 0.05. Then a t test is carried out with the testing criterion if tcountgreater than ttable(2.67) > (1.67) at the significance level of 1-0.05 with dk = n-2 then the hypothesis is accepted. In this way, it can be stated that there is a significant relationship between the role of Sidi Catechism in building faith and forming the character of Sidi participants at HKBP Sukadame.
Keywords: Role of Katekisasi Sidi, Building Faith, Building Faith Sidi