bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crowned Dens Syndrome Triggered by Dental Treatment
Authors: Morita Satoru , Otsuka Yuki , Masuda Yohei , Soejima Yoshiaki , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCrowned dens syndrome (CDS) is an important yet often overlooked cause of fever and neck pain, frequently leading to unnecessary examinations and treatments and misdiagnosis as infectious diseases or rheumatic diseases. The mechanism of an acute attack of CDS is not clarified completely, while it is considered that severe systemic stress can trigger inflammation caused by calcium pyrophosphate crystals. We describe a case of CDS triggered by localized physical stress to the neck and emphasize the importance of considering this condition in cases of fever and neck pain following dental treatment.
Hyperledger Fabric for the (digitalized) lifecycle of construction products: Applied review on fastening technology
Authors: Pfeil Aileen , Kifokeris Dimosthenis , Spyridis Panagiotis 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBlockchain technology is a digital decentralized data ledger recording transactions in an encrypted format. Its implementation can potentially hold significant advantages for the built environment, particularly in manufacturing and building product usage aligned with Building Information Modeling (BIM). This paradigm shift toward decentralized transactions can foster security, reliability, and accountability. Hyperledger Fabric (HLF), an enterprise‐grade distributed ledger, offers a modular, scalable, and confidential digital framework. This article introduces HLF‐based workflows to address inefficiencies in BIM and fastener product lifecycle management, such as fragmented data handling and limited process automation. Leveraging chaincodes linked to BIM models, HLF simplifies, enhances transparency, and automates construction product lifecycle processes. Contract data and execution details are managed through a blockchain stored in a common data environment (CDE) and linked to chaincodes. The article presents the conceptualization and implementation of automated workflows, emphasizing efficiency and transparency. While showcasing successful deployments, it also highlights areas for future improvement and development. The proposed framework represents a pioneering step toward a decentralized cooperative environment in the construction industry, aligning with the transformative potential of blockchain technology.
Exploring Lead‐Free (Guanidinium)3Bi2Br9 Perovskite‐Type Crystal toward X‐Ray Detection with an Ultralow Detection Limit
Authors: Zhang Jingtian , Guo Wuqian , Xu Haojie , Fan Qingshun , Sun Zhihua , Luo Junhua 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLead‐free bismuth halogen perovskites have emerged as a promising candidate for high‐performance X‐ray detection, owing to their unique properties of bulk resistivity, significant X‐ray absorption capabilities and diminished ion migration. Herein, using the facile low‐temperature solution method, we obtained a large‐size single crystal of (guanidinium)3Bi2Br9 (GBB), which adopts a zero‐dimensional (0D) inorganic perovskite‐like framework. The as‐grown crystals show high resistivity (3.51×1012 Ω cm), low trap density (1.14×1010 cm−3) and large carrier mobility‐lifetime product (μτ=1.13×10−3 cm2 V−1) under X‐ray irradiation. Strikingly, the X‐ray detectors fabricated on GBB single crystals exhibit notable performances including low dark current drift, high sensitivity of ~1645.7 μC Gyair−1 cm−2, and ultralow detection limit of ~0.85 nGyair s−1. This detection limit is among the lowest level for the reported 0D perovskite X‐ray detectors. This study illuminates the prospective research into novel lead‐free hybrid perovskites for the advancement of high‐performance detectors of irradiation.
Unified Color Harmony Model
Authors: Xu Long , Liu Dongyuan , Park Su Jin , Lee Sangwon 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTColor harmony is an aesthetic sensation evoked by the balanced and coherent arrangement of the colors of visual elements. While traditional methods define harmonious subspaces from geometric relationships or numerical formulas, we employ a data‐driven approach to create a unified model for evaluating and generating color combinations of arbitrary sizes. By treating color sequences as linguistic sentences, we construct a color combinations generator using SeqGAN, a generative model capable of learning discrete data through reinforcement learning. The resulting model produces color combinations as much preferred as those by the best models of each size and excels at penalizing color combinations from random sampling. The distribution of the generated colors has more diverse hues than the input data, in contrast to the NLP‐based model that predominantly predicts achromatic colors due to exposure bias. The flexible structure of our model allows for simple extension to additional conditions such as group preference or emotional keywords.
Thermodynamic Insights on the Structure‐Property Relationships in Substituted Benzenes: Are the Pairwise Interactions in Tri‐Substituted Methyl‐Nitro‐Benzoic Acids Still Valid?
Authors: Silva Ferraz José M. , Emel'yanenko Vladimir N. , Zaitsau Dzmitry H. , Samarov Artemiy A. , Brunetti Bruno , Ciccioli Andrea , Vecchio Ciprioti Stefano , Verevkin Sergey P. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA comprehensive experimental thermochemical study of nine methyl‐substituted nitrobenzoic acids was carried out, leading to the final standard molar enthalpies of formation in the gas phase. The combustion energies were measured using high‐precision combustion calorimetry, and the enthalpies of formation of the crystal phase were derived. The sublimation enthalpies were obtained from the vapor pressure‐temperature dependencies measured using the classic Knudsen effusion mass loss and the transpiration methods. The standard molar enthalpies of vaporisation were derived from the temperature dependence of the mass‐loss rates measured using the non‐isothermal thermogravimetry. The thermal behaviour, including melting temperatures and standard molar enthalpies of fusion, was investigated by DSC. The high‐level quantum chemical G* methods were used for the mutual validation of the experimental and theoretical gas phase enthalpies of formation of methyl‐substituted nitrobenzoic acids. The consistent set of experimental properties at the reference temperature T=298 K was evaluated and recommended for thermochemical calculations. The pairwise interactions of the substituents on the benzene ring were derived from nitro‐toluenes, methyl‐benzoic acids and nitro‐benzoic acids available in the literature, and the additivity of the contributions when three substituents are placed simultaneously in the benzene ring was discussed.
Trends in Alzheimer's‐Related Mortality Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the United States: 1999–2019
Authors: Waqas Saad Ahmed , Ali Dua , Khan Taimor Mohammed , Qureshi Shaheer , Siddiqui Hibah , Sajid Maryam , Imran Zahra , Salim Hussain , Sohail Muhammad Umer , Ahmed Raheel , Marsia Shayan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecent research has shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased the burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the US aging population. However, trends in mortality from this comorbidity among adults aged ≥ 65 years have not been investigated.ObjectivesThis study examined trends and disparities in AD‐related mortality among older US adults with T2DM from 1999 to 2019.MethodsData from the CDC WONDER database were analysed to assess AD‐related mortality in patients with T2DM aged ≥ 65 between 1999 and 2019. Age‐adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 people and annual percent change (APC) were calculated and stratified by year, sex, race/ethnicity, age, urbanisation and geographical region.ResultsFrom 1999 to 2019, there were 71,550 deaths with T2DM and AD among adults aged ≥ 65. AAMRs rose from 4.12 in 1999 to 11.65 in 2019, with the sharpest increase between 2014 and 2017 (APC: 10.81; 95% CI: −3.20 to 13.43). Women had slightly higher AAMRs than men, with rates increasing from 4.71 in 1999 to 11.61 in 2019 for women, and from 4.08 to 11.70 for men. Hispanic individuals saw the highest increase in AAMR (11.15), followed by non‐Hispanic Black (9.30) and White populations (7.92). AAMRs were highest in the West (10.91) and the Midwest (9.62), while the Northeast (4.70) had the lowest. Nonmetropolitan areas had consistently higher AAMRs (10.74) than large metropolitan areas (6.68) and small/medium metropolitan areas (9.25). States in the top 90th percentile for T2DM–AD mortality included California, South Dakota and Kentucky, where rates were approximately eight times higher than in states in the lowest 10th percentile.ConclusionsThis study reveals a significant rise in T2DM–AD comorbidity‐related mortality among older adults, especially among Hispanics, women and rural residents. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to reduce the burden in vulnerable populations.
Comparative Study of Plant‐Based Antioxidants on the Stability of Soybean and Beef Tallow Biodiesels
Authors: Kandasamy Kalaiarasi , Dhairiyasamy Ratchagaraja , Gabiriel Deepika 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBiodiesel is a renewable alternative fuel, but its oxidative instability reduces quality and performance over time. This study explicitly aimed to investigate the efficacy of natural antioxidants—acerola, soursop, mango, and pitanga leaves—and compare their performance to the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in enhancing the thermooxidative stability of soybean ethyl and bovine tallow methyl biodiesels. Biodiesels were synthesized and stored under controlled conditions (ambient and 60°C) for up to 1848 h. Analytical results showed that biodiesel treated with BHT maintained acidity index (AI) values below 0.5 mg KOH/g after 1176 h, while untreated biodiesel exceeded 1.0 mg KOH/g within 504 h. Kinematic viscosity for BHT‐treated samples remained under the acceptable limit of 6.0 mm²/s for 1176 h, compared with untreated biodiesel, which surpassed the limit at 504 h. Natural antioxidants exhibited varying degrees of efficacy, with soursop and pitanga extracts achieving 35%–50% improvements in oxidative stability compared with untreated biodiesel. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that natural additives delayed the onset of degradation temperatures by 10°C–15°C. These findings demonstrate that plant‐based antioxidants significantly enhance biodiesel stability, offering up to 70% of the effectiveness of BHT, and highlight their potential as sustainable alternatives for improving biodiesel quality.
Equilibrium of morphological units in anabranching rivers
Authors: Ragno Niccolò , Tubino Marco 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAnabranching rivers are characterized by multiple sequences of interacting channels. These patterns consist of morphological units in the form of closed loops, with an upstream bifurcation controlling the partition of water and sediment fluxes, and a downstream confluence where the two anabranches reconnect. Bifurcation‐confluence loops can also be encountered in single‐thread rivers showing a transitional planform between meandering and anabranching, often associated with width oscillations and chute cutoffs. Individual channel loops display an average length that is proportional to the reach‐averaged bankfull depth of alluvial rivers. The existence of a characteristic length scale reflects a hydro‐morphodynamic interaction taking place between the constitutive elements of these morphological features, bifurcations and confluences. However, it is not clear why channel loops should organize themselves to attain a certain spatial scale, and how their planform shape is related to the morphodynamical processes governing the distribution of water and sediment between the anabranches. In this work we tackle these issues through a comparative analysis of theoretical findings and remotely sensed data from natural gravel‐bed and sand‐bed rivers. Two missing ingredients are included with respect to previous analyses: the case where one of the anabranches stops transporting sediment, and the case of loops with unequal lengths of the bifurcates. The theoretical model suggests that four distinct types of long‐term equilibrium states can be identified, depending on the reach‐averaged bankfull properties and on the planform shape of the loop. The comparison between model results and field data reveals that most of the observed river loops place themselves consistently in the region of the parameter space where theory predicts that both branches keep open in the long term.
Comparative Effect of Free Vanillin and Vanillin‐Loaded Nanoemulsion in Airways of Rodents
Authors: Silva Bismarques Augusto Oliveira da , Menezes Pedro Modesto Nascimento , Silva David Souza , Brito Mariana Coelho , Ribeiro Tiago Feitosa , Macêdo Cicero André Ferreira , Filho Luiz Antonio Miranda de Souza Duarte , Moura Marigilson Pontes de Siqueira , Ribeiro Luciano Augusto de Araújo , Silva Fabrício Souza 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTVanillin (4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzaldehyde) is a phenolic aldehyde compound found in the plants of the genus Vanilla. This substance is widely used as a flavouring in the world, used in the food even pharmaceutical industries. Some studies have reported pharmacological activities such as antitumor, antinociceptive, anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. This study aimed to investigate the spasmolytic, antitussive, expectorant and anti‐asthmatic effects of vanillin in rodents. The spasmolytic activity of vanillin was assayed in isolated rat tracheas that were contracted with carbachol or KCl. The in vivo effects were evaluated in mouse models of citric acid‐induced cough, phenol red dosage in bronchoalveolar lavage and ovalbumin‐induced asthma. The maximal relaxing effect promoted by vanillin in isolated rat trachea was greater in contractions induced by KCl 60 mM than by carbachol (10 μM). In calcium‐free media, this effect was significantly reduced during CCh‐induced contractions. Vanillin at doses of 10, 30 or 100 mg/kg reduced the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage and the number of coughs in mice after treatment. The effect of vanillin may be related to the opioid receptor, as the antitussive effect was abolished in the presence of 0, 4 mg/kg naloxone. The vanillin‐loaded nanoemulsions exhibited expectorant activity. The present study showed that vanillin may be responsible for these anti‐asthmatic, antitussive and spasmolytic effects.
Structure, Properties, and Biomedical Activity of Natural Sweeteners Steviosides: An Update
Authors: Wang Aoyi , Hu Huiqin , Yuan Yadan , Mei Shiran , Zhu Guoxue , Yue Qiaoyan , Zhang Yanliang , Jiang Shujun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTStevioside is a natural sweetener with the characteristics of low calorie and high sweetness. It comprises a diverse range of monomers that play crucial roles in numerous biological processes. Due to these attributes, it has gained widespread application in agriculture, food, and pharmaceutical industries. As a substitute for sugar, stevioside also shows good pharmacological activities on glucose metabolism, bodyweight keeping, blood pressure maintenance, and shows anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidation, anti‐tumor, antibacterial, and immune regulation activities. This review summarized the update on the food safety, sweet structure–activity relationship, pharmacological activity of stevia glycosides recently, and discussed the limitations of its application in food and medicine.
The Influence of Self‐Efficacy, Trust, Perceived Costs and Healthcare‐Environment on Compliance With the Data Protection and Privacy Act by Health Workers in Uganda
Authors: Kayondo Barbara N. , Kyobe Michael 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDespite existing regulations, compliance with Uganda's Data Protection and Privacy Act (DPPA) remains challenging, as studies focus only on technical and organizational aspects, neglecting behavioral and contextual factors. Furthermore, the limited number of health workers, low awareness of the DPPA, high costs of compliance, and a lack of trust within hospitals exacerbate these challenges. This study investigates the influence of self‐efficacy, trust, perceived costs, and the healthcare‐environment on DPPA compliance among healthcare workers in Uganda. It also explores the moderating effects of gender and work experience on the relationship between self‐efficacy and compliance. Using quantitative methods, data were collected from 309 healthcare workers across three hospitals through a self‐administered questionnaire. Regression analysis revealed that perceived costs (β = 0.240, p < 0.0001) were the strongest predictor of compliance, followed by trust (β = 0.193, p < 0.0001), healthcare environment (β = 0.178, p < 0.0001) and self‐efficacy (β = 0.121, p = 0.022) was positively associated with compliance. Gender (β = 0.119, p = 0.024) significantly moderated the self‐efficacy‐compliance relationship, with women exhibiting higher adherence to protocols, while work experience did not exhibit a significant moderating effect. The findings suggest that healthcare institutions in Uganda should invest in gender‐specific training programs to enhance self‐efficacy, build organizational trust, and reduce perceived compliance costs. Establishing supportive healthcare environments with clear policies and dedicated privacy officers is critical for promoting DPPA compliance. This study is among the first quantitative and empirical study to assess self‐efficacy, trust, costs of compliance and healthcare‐environment on DPPA compliance in Ugandan health context using social cognitive theory, theory of planned behavior, rational choice theory and institutional theory, a multi‐theoretical approach offering valuable insights for healthcare policy and management in resource‐constrained settings.
Tax Avoidance by Non‐Zombie Firms: Evidence From Japan Following the Lehman Shock
Authors: Ishiguro Takehide 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNon‐zombie firms have an incentive to raise funds because zombie firms are prioritized for management resource allocation to prevent them from going bankrupt. Moreover, preferential loans to zombie firms are likely to hinder non‐zombie firms from raising external funds through debt. Therefore, non‐zombie firms attempt to increase internal financing through tax avoidance. This study examines whether non‐zombie firms avoid taxes, focusing on firms listed in the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange (now TSE Prime) from 2008 to 2019. The results confirm that non‐zombie firms engage in tax avoidance. Given that zombie firms deter non‐zombie firms from seeking external financing, it is imperative that such firms be regulated and at the same time, the issues of zombie firms be addressed to mitigate tax avoidance behavior by non‐zombie firms. These findings indicate the need to consider the influence of other firms, such as zombie firms, in controlling tax avoidance.
Comparison of Urinary Red Blood Cell Distribution (URD) and Dysmorphic Red Blood Cells for Detecting Glomerular Hematuria: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Lee A‐Jin , Bang Hae In , Lee Sun Min , Won Dongil , Kang Myung Seo , Choi Hyun‐ji , Lee In Hee , Jeon Chang‐Ho 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe clinical utility of urinary red blood cell (RBC) distribution (URD) remains limited. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of URD and dysmorphic RBC (dRBC) in a multicenter study.MethodsThis study enrolled 703 patients who visited four tertiary medical centers in Korea. Patients were classified into glomerular diseases with biopsy (N = 169), renal diseases including chronic kidney disease (N = 194), nephrotic syndrome (NS; N = 88), tubulointerstitial diseases (N = 36), acute kidney injury (N = 32), others (N = 10), and extrarenal diseases (N = 174). Renal parameters, urine microscopic examination, urinalysis, and URD assessments were conducted. The diagnostic performances of dRBC and URD were evaluated.ResultsMedian values of both dRBC and URD were significantly elevated in patients with glomerular diseases. URD exhibited a significant correlation with dRBC (r = 0.536) and albumin creatinine ratio (r = 0.186), while no significant correlation was observed with specific gravity (r = −0.03). Among renal diseases, dRBC and URD values were notably higher in patients with NS. The agreement rate between dRBC and URD results was 78.3% (112/143), with 31 instances showing discrepancies. ROC curve analysis comparing glomerular and extrarenal diseases yielded cutoff values of 18% for dRBC and 31.9% for URD, resulting in corresponding areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.79 and 0.83, respectively.ConclusionsURD exhibited a comparable diagnostic performance, as indicated by a similar AUC value to that of dRBC, while offering the added advantage of providing objective and standardizable results. This attribute enhances its utility as a parameter for distinguishing between patients with glomerular hematuria (GH) and those with non‐GH.
The Effect of Exercise on Spexin and Follistatin in Elderly Individuals
Authors: Ayaz Elif Yıldırım , Dincer Berna , Cinbaz Gülser , Karacan Esra , Benli Reyhan Kaygusuz , Mete Emel , Bilgiç Hilal , Mesci Banu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn adipose tissue–muscle crosstalk mechanisms, the interaction of adipokines and myokines is known to be critical for maintaining the body's metabolic balance in age‐related metabolic disorders. The aim of the study investigate the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic and resistance exercise training on spexin and follistatin and their relationship with each other.MethodsThis study was a multicentre, randomized controlled study conducted at two assisted living facilities with participants aged ≥ 65. Among the 66 subjects, 33 were allocated to the exercise group (E) and 33 to the control group (C). The exercise group was administered 50 min of exercise by expert physiotherapists 1 day a week for 12 weeks. Participants in the intervention groups performed exercise assignments two extra days a week, tailored to their specific circumstances and supervised by the institution's physiotherapists. Spexin, follistatin and measurements of metabolic syndrome parameters were performed at the beginning and after 12 weeks.ResultsThe mean age of the 62 participants who completed the study (E n = 31, C n = 31) was 73.25 ± 6.44 years, and 62.9% were female. While spexin (E = 1090.94 ± 533.66, C = 1142.91 ± 550.68 pg/mL, p > 0.05) and follistatin (E = 50.52 ± 24.35, C = 50.00 ± 23.52 ng/mL, p > 0.05) values were similar in the two groups at baseline, the values of spexin (E = 1311.32 ± 513.66, C = 1033.27 ± 486.48, p < 0.0001; η2 = 0.387) and follistatin (E = 64.79 ± 32.35, C = 48.16 ± 26.27, p < 0.0001; η2 = 0.267) in the exercise group were higher than in the control group at week 12. At the 12th week, neck circumference (38.32 ± 3.41, 37.16 ± 3.15, p = 0.002), waist circumference (102.64 ± 13.38, 98.54 ± 14.47, p < 0.0001), hip circumference (105.70 ± 15.43, 102.93 ± 13.48, p < 0.0001), body fat mass (22.69 ± 7.39, 20.45 ± 6.22, p < 0.0001) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (137.19 ± 13.80, 124.9 ± 15.18, p = 0.0001, 77.38 ± 12.10, 72.61 ± 9.26, p = 0.043) decreased, and body muscle mass (46.32 ± 8.43, 49.03 ± 8.58, p < 0.0001) increased in the exercise group compared to baseline. A correlation was observed between the change in follistatin level and the change in spexin level (r = 0.438, p = 0.001). A negative correlation was found between the amount of decrease in body fat mass and the decrease in spexin level (r = −0.380, p = 0.005). A positive correlation was found between the increase in body muscle mass and the increase in spexin and follistatin (r = 0.431, p = 0.001; r = 0.490, p < 0.0001, respectively).ConclusionsIt was found that spexin, which provides metabolic homeostasis, and follistatin, which expresses the increase in muscle mass, increased with the implementation of a 12‐week aerobic and resistance exercise program in elderly individuals, and these increases were found to be associated with each other.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05251597