bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive symptoms and hippocampal volume in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Langella Stephanie , Lopera Francisco , Baena Ana , Fox‐Fuller Joshua T. , Munera Diana , Martinez Jairo E. , Giudicessi Averi , Vannini Patrizia , Hanseeuw Bernard J. , Marshall Gad A. , Quiroz Yakeel T. , Gatchel Jennifer R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDepressive symptoms are among early behavioral changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the relationship between neurodegeneration and depressive symptoms remains inconclusive. To better understand this relationship in preclinical AD, we examined hippocampal volume and depressive symptoms in cognitively unimpaired carriers of the presenilin‐1 (PSEN1) E280A mutation for autosomal dominant AD.METHODSA total of 27 PSEN1 mutation carriers and 26 non‐carrier family members were included. Linear regression was used to test the relationship between hippocampal volume and 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale.RESULTSCarriers and non‐carriers did not differ in depressive symptoms or hippocampal volume. Within carriers, lower hippocampal volume was associated with greater depressive symptoms, which remained significant after adjusting for age and cognition. This relationship was not significant in non‐carriers.DISCUSSIONHippocampal neurodegeneration may underlie depressive symptoms in preclinical autosomal dominant AD. These findings provide support for the utility of targeting depressive symptoms in AD prevention.Highlights
We compared unimpaired autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (AD) mutation carriers and non‐carriers.
Carriers and non‐carriers did not differ in severity of depressive symptoms.
In carriers, hippocampal volume was inversely associated with depressive symptoms.
Depressive symptoms may be a useful target in AD prevention.
Solution‐State 2D NMR Spectroscopy of Mixtures HyperpolarizedUsing Optically Polarized Crystals
Authors: Parker Anna J. , Dey Arnab , Usman Qureshi Mohammad , Steiner Jakob M. , Blanchard John W. , Scheuer Jochen , Tomek Nikolas , Knecht Stephan , Josten Felix , Müller Christoph , Hautle Patrick , Schwartz Ilai , Giraudeau Patrick , Eichhorn Tim R. , Dumez Jean‐Nicolas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe HYPNOESYS method (Hyperpolarized NOE System), which relies on the dissolution of optically polarized crystals, has recently emerged as a promising approach to enhance the sensitivity of NMR spectroscopy in the solution state. However, HYPNOESYS is a single‐shot method that is not generally compatible with multidimensional NMR. Here we show that 2D NMR spectra can be obtained from HYPNOESYS‐polarized samples, using single‐scan acquisition methods. The approach is illustrated with a mixture of terpene molecules and a benchtop NMR spectrometer, paving the way to a sensitive, information‐rich and affordable analytical method.
Shedding light on the poly(5‐ethylidene‐2‐norbornene) microstructural differences: Skeleton rearrangements during polymerization
Authors: Omidvar Mojtaba , Mansouri Samira , Mortazavi Seyed Mohammad Mahdi , Ahmadjo Saeid 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHere, an attempt is made to study one of the less noticed aspects of the polymerization of 5‐ethylidene‐2‐norbornene (ENB) by nickel α‐diimine catalysts. Therefore, several (co)polymerization runs using MMAO‐activated binuclear catalyst (BNC) and mononuclear catalyst (MNC) were undertaken. Catalyst activities as high as 561.1 and 925.0 (kgpol mol−1Ni h−1) were observed for ENB polymerization by MNC and BNC, respectively. However, the utilization of comonomer (norbornene [NB]) led to a dramatic decline in the catalyst activities, reaching low levels of 69.4 and 144.4 (kgpol mol−1Ni h−1), respectively. Structural characterization (NMR and FTIR) corroborated the occurrence of ring opening via β‐C elimination and the subsequent β‐H elimination. Additionally, tandem transannular polymerization and ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of ENB were evidenced. The findings demonstrated that the transannular polymerization prevailed during the polymerization, albeit the MNC catalyst showed a higher contribution of ring opening via β‐C elimination. Importantly, comonomer (NB) was displayed to alter the governing polymerization mechanism. According to DMTA analysis, the structures of the monomer and catalyst were found to significantly influence the polymer damping behavior and microstructure heterogeneity. That is, the NB‐ENB copolymer obtained by MNC exhibited the lowest Tg value and highest tan δ along with the diminished microstructure heterogeneity.
Advances in nanoprobes‐based immunoassays
Authors: Zhang Lusi , Huang Bin , Jin Jing , Li Yan , Gu Ning 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImmunoassay is a powerful technique that uses highly specific antigen‐antibody interactions to detect biochemical targets such as proteins and toxins. As a diagnostic tool, immunoassay is employed in the screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of diseases, which are crucial for the grasp and control of patient conditions in clinical practice. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, immunoassays based on nanoprobes have attracted more and more attention due to the advantages of high sensitivity, specificity, stability, and versatility. These nanoprobes are nanoscale particles that can act as signal carriers or targeting agents for immunoassays. In this paper, we review the recent advances in various types of nanoprobes for immunoassays, such as colloidal gold, quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, nanozymes, aggregation‐induced emission, and up‐conversion nanoparticles. The effect of the nanoprobe construction and synthesis methods on their detection performance deserves to be studied in depth. We also compare their detection ranges and limits in different immunoassay methods, such as lateral flow immunoassays, fluorescent immunoassays, and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering immunoassays. Moreover, we discuss the benefits and challenges of nanoprobes in immunoassays and provide insights into their future development. This study aims to offer a comprehensive and critical perspective on the role of nanoprobes in the field of immunoassays.
Inhibitory effect and mechanism of Rosiglitazone on M1 type polarization of central microglia in intracerebral hemorrhage mice based on JNK/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Chao Chenglei , Li Yinghui , Li Quan , Wu Guofeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) seriously threatens the health of people. In addition, microglia M1 polarization was confirmed to be involved in the progression of ICH. Rosiglitazone was able to be used as an antidiabetic agent, which could activate PPAR‐γ, and PPAR‐γ was reported to inhibit inflammation in microglia. However, the detailed function of Rosiglitazone in ICH remains unclear.MethodsIn vivo and in vitro experiments were used to test the function of Rosiglitazone in ICH. In addition, RT‐qPCR and western blot were performed to evaluate the mRNA and protein level of PPAR‐γ, respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the levels of CD206 and CD86, and ELISA was used to measure the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines.ResultsPPAR‐γ was downregulated in ICH mice, whereas p‐JNK and p‐STAT3 were upregulated. Thrombin notably downregulated the level of PPAR‐γ in BV2 cells, whereas Rosiglitazone partially reversed this phenomenon. In addition, Rosiglitazone markedly reversed thrombin‐induced microglia M1 polarization. Consistently, thrombin‐induced inflammatory response in BV2 cells was abolished in the presence of Rosiglitazone. SP600125 (JNK/STAT3 inhibitor) greatly reversed thrombin‐induced M1 polarization in microglia, and GW9662 abolished the effect of SP600125. Meanwhile, Rosiglitazone could inactivate JNK/STAT3 pathway through the upregulation of PPAR‐γ. Furthermore, Rosiglitazone notably alleviated the symptom of ICH in vivo through inhibiting the apoptosis and mediating PPAR‐γ/JNK/STAT3 axis.ConclusionRosiglitazone could attenuate the inflammation in ICH through inhibiting microglia M1 polarization. Thus, our research would shed now lights on exploring new therapeutic strategies against ICH.
Extracellular vesicles from normal tissues orchestrate the homeostasis of macrophages and attenuate inflammatory injury of sepsis
Authors: Ge Xinyu , Meng Qingshu , Liu Xuan , Shi Shanshan , Geng Xuedi , Wang Enhao , Li Mimi , Ma Xiaoxue , Lin Fang , Zhang Qianqian , Li Yinzhen , Tang Lunxian , Zhou Xiaohui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) exist throughout our bodies. We recently revealed the important role of intracardiac EVs induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion on cardiac injury and dysfunction. However, the role of EVs isolated from normal tissues remains unclear. Here we found that EVs, derived from murine heart, lung, liver and kidney have similar effects on macrophages and regulate the inflammation, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis of macrophages. Interestingly, EV‐treated macrophages showed LPS resistance with reduced expressions of inflammatory cytokines and enhanced phagocytic activity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the protein content in EVs contributed to the activation of inflammation, while the RNA component mainly limited the excessive inflammatory response of macrophages to LPS. The enrichment of miRNAs, including miR‐148a‐3p, miR‐1a‐3p and miR‐143‐3p was confirmed in tissue EVs. These EV‐enriched miRNAs contributed to the inflammation remission in LPS induced macrophages through multiple pathways, including STAT3, P65 and SAPK/JNK. Moreover, administration of both EVs and EV‐educated macrophages attenuated septic injury and cytokine storm in murine CLP models. Taken together, the present study disclosed that EVs from normal tissues can orchestrate the homeostasis of macrophages and attenuate inflammatory injury of sepsis. Therefore, tissue derived EVs or their derivatives may serve as potential therapeutic strategies in inflammatory diseases.
Multimodal nanoparticle‐containing modified suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid polymer conjugates to mitigate immune dysfunction in severe inflammation
Authors: Truong Nhu , Cottingham Andrea L. , Dharmaraj Shruti , Shaw Jacob R. , Lasola Jackline Joy Martin , Goodis Christopher C. , Fletcher Steven , Pearson Ryan M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExcessive immune activation and immunosuppression are opposing factors that contribute to the dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses seen in severe inflammation and sepsis. Here, a novel analog of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA‐OH), was incorporated into immunomodulatory poly(lactic acid)‐based nanoparticles (iNP‐SAHA) by employing a prodrug approach through the covalent modification of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) with SAHA‐OH. iNP‐SAHA formulation allowed for controlled incorporation and delivery of SAHA‐OH from iNP‐SAHA and treatment led to multimodal biological responses including significant reductions in proinflammatory cytokine secretions and gene expression, while increasing the survival of primary macrophages under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Using a lethal LPS‐induced endotoxemia mouse model of sepsis, iNP‐SAHA administration improved the survival of mice in a dose‐dependent manner and tended to improve survival at the lowest doses compared to iNP control. Further, iNP‐SAHA reduced the levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines associated with sepsis more significantly than iNP and similarly improved inflammation‐induced spleen and liver toxicity as iNP, supporting its potential polypharmacological activity. Collectively, iNP‐SAHA offers a potential drug delivery approach to modulate the multifaceted inflammatory responses observed in diseases such as sepsis.
Residual circulating tumor DNA after adjuvant chemotherapy effectively predicts recurrence of stage II‐III gastric cancer
Authors: Yuan Shu‐Qiang , Nie Run‐Cong , Huang You‐Sheng , Chen Ying‐Bo , Wang Si‐Yu , Sun Xiao‐Wei , Li Yuan‐Fang , Liu Ze‐Kun , Chen Yan‐Xing , Yao Yi‐Chen , Xu Yu , Qiu Hai‐Bo , Liang Yao , Wang Wei , Liu Ze‐Xian , Zhao Qi , Xu Rui‐Hua , Zhou Zhi‐Wei , Wang Feng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising biomarker for predicting relapse in multiple solid cancers. However, the predictive value of ctDNA for disease recurrence remains indefinite in locoregional gastric cancer (GC). Here, we aimed to evaluate the predictive value of ctDNA in this context.MethodsFrom 2016 to 2019, 100 patients with stage II/III resectable GC were recruited in this prospective cohort study (NCT02887612). Primary tumors were collected during surgical resection, and plasma samples were collected perioperatively and within 3 months after adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). Somatic variants were captured via a targeted sequencing panel of 425 cancer‐related genes. The plasma was defined as ctDNA‐positive only if one or more variants detected in the plasma were presented in at least 2% of the primary tumors.ResultsCompared with ctDNA‐negative patients, patients with positive postoperative ctDNA had moderately higher risk of recurrence [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.37–5.48; P = 0.003], while patients with positive post‐ACT ctDNA showed remarkably higher risk (HR = 14.99, 95% CI = 3.08‐72.96; P < 0.001). Multivariate analyses indicated that both postoperative and post‐ACT ctDNA positivity were independent predictors of recurrence‐free survival (RFS). Moreover, post‐ACT ctDNA achieved better predictive performance (sensitivity, 77.8%; specificity, 90.6%) than both postoperative ctDNA and serial cancer antigen. A comprehensive model incorporating ctDNA for recurrence risk prediction showed a higher C‐index (0.78; 95% CI = 0.71–0.84) than the model without ctDNA (0.71; 95% CI = 0.64–0.79; P = 0.009).ConclusionsResidual ctDNA after ACT effectively predicts high recurrence risk in stage II/III GC, and the combination of tissue‐based and circulating tumor features could achieve better risk prediction.
Bioevaluation of Spiro N‐Propargylic β‐Enaminones as Anti‐Breast Cancer Agents: In Vitro and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Atmaca Harika , Ilhan Suleyman , Dundar Buse Aysen , Zora Metin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the in vitro inhibitory activities of spiro N‐propargylic β‐enaminones, SPEs 1‐31, against BCa cells, to perform in silico molecular docking studies to understand the nature of the interaction between the compounds and the ERα, PR, EGFR, and Her2, and to determine the ADMET and drug‐likeness properties. Cytotoxic activity was investigated via MTT assay. DNA fragmentation was evaluated via ELISA assay. Cell cycle distributions were investigated by flow cytometry. Expression levels of Bcl‐2, Bax, p21 and Cyclin D1 were measured by qRT‐PCR and western blot analysis. Molecular docking was done using Autodock/vina software. ADMET analysis was calculated using the ADMETlab 2.0 tool. SPEs 1, 22, and 28 showed selective cytotoxic activity against all BCa cells with SI values >2. SPEs induced apoptosis and caused significant changes in Bcl‐2 and Bax levels. The cell cycle was arrested at the S phase and levels of p21 and Cyclin D1 were induced in all BCa cells. Molecular docking analysis revealed that SPE1, SPE22, and SPE28 showed high binding affinities with ERα, PR, EGFR, and Her2. ADMET analysis revealed that SPEs are drug‐like compounds as they obey the five rules of Lipinsky and are not toxic. Therefore, these potential anticancer compounds should be further validated by in vivo studies for their appropriate function in human health with a safety profile, and a comprehensive drug interaction study should be performed.
Photoinduced Carbon−Heteroatom Cross‐Coupling Catalyzed by Nickel Naphthyridine Complexes
Authors: Bahri Janet , Deolka Shubham , Vardhanapu Pavan K. , Khaskin Eugene , Govindarajan Ramadoss , Fayzullin Robert R. , Vasylevskyi Serhii , Khusnutdinova Julia R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe describe versatile and practical light‐promoted C−N and C−O cross‐coupling reactions catalyzed by NiII complexes supported by 2,7‐dimethyl‐1,8‐naphthyridine ligand. Using the same Ni catalyst and visible light irradiation, both C−O and C−N coupling reactivity was observed without additional photocatalysts. These results demonstrate that Ni naphthyridine complexes represent a versatile catalytic motif for photoredox nickel catalysis alternative to commonly used bipyridines or multidentate ligands.
Probing Radical Addition to 1‐Phosphabutadienes by Employing Muonium as a “Light Isotope” of Hydrogen
Authors: Walsgrove Henry T. G. , Percival Paul W. , Gates Derek P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding free radical addition to multiple bonds is important to elucidating the mechanistic details of addition polymerization reactions, albeit the fleeting radical intermediates are very difficult to detect by conventional methodologies. Muon spin spectroscopy (μSR) is a highly sensitive method that can detect radical species at 106 spins (cf. EPR: 1012 spins, NMR: 1018 spins). Herein, we employ μSR to detect the radical‐addition products from three 1‐phosphabutadiene monomers, P‐analogues of isoprene. We show that muonium (Mu), a “light” H‐atom surrogate, adds predominantly at the C4 position of the P1=C2−C3=C4 moiety to give unprecedented 1‐phosphaallyl radicals as the major products. Our structural assignments are supported by assignment of muon, phosphorus and proton hyperfine coupling constants using DFT‐calculations. A minor radical product is also detected that is tentatively assigned to an PC3‐heterocyclic free radical. On the basis of DFT‐predictions, we speculate that its formation may involve initial addition of Mu+ at the C3 position followed by electron capture. These studies provide rare insights into the prospective radical (or cationic) polymerization of 1‐phosphabutadienes, which have previously been polymerized using anionic initiation.
Early improvement of nailfold videocapillaroscopy abnormalities in dermatomyositis patients with anti‐NXP‐2 antibody
Authors: Mugii Naoki , Hamaguchi Yasuhito , Fushida Natsumi , Horii Motoki , Kitano Tasuku , Fujii Ko , Sawada Kaori , Oishi Kyosuke , Maeda Shintaro , Matsushita Takashi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate long‐term changes in nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) findings in dermatomyositis patients with antinuclear matrix protein 2 (NXP‐2) antibody (Ab). All four patients with anti‐NXP‐2 Ab presented irregularly enlarged and reduced capillaries and hemorrhages at the initial assessment. After disease stabilization, irregularly enlarged capillaries and hemorrhages disappeared within the mean observation period of 6 months. These early improvements were not observed in patients with anti‐TIF1 Ab. The results of this study show that long‐term changes in NVC findings should be assessed using myositis‐specific Ab information.
The double‐edged sword of going “overboard”: Board connectedness, debt quality, and the cost of debt
Authors: Hammami Ahmad , Lyubimov Alexey , Yousefvand Mansouri Rozhin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBoard connectedness, a result of directors serving the boards of more than one firm, impacts companies positively (access to resources provided by connected directors) and negatively (directors being “spread too thin”). Given that debt quality has a high influence on the cost of debt, this paper examines how the cost of debt (bond yield spread) is influenced by a firm's board connectedness while considering the effect that debt quality (bond ratings) may have on such a relationship. Results show that the relationship between connectedness and the cost of debt is highly dependent on debt quality, where connectedness is associated with a lower cost of debt if debt quality is high; however, connectedness is also associated with a higher cost of debt if debt quality is low. We also note that as the debt quality for connected firms decreases as their cost of debt increases. We are contributing to administrative sciences by studying one of its key elements: governance, more specifically the connectivity of boards of directors. This contributes to the current debate on the effect of board connectivity: prior research has not provided conclusive results, and we show that the effect is different based on the characteristics of the firm's debt.
Enhancing Photovoltaic Performance of Nonfused‐Ring Electron Acceptors via Asymmetric End‐Group Engineering and Noncovalently Conformational Locks
Authors: Liu Bo , Li Congqi , Gu Xiaobin , Han Yinghui , Wei Zhixiang , Cai Yunhao , Zhang Xin , Huang Hui , Huo Yanping 
Published: October 2023

Comprehensive SummaryBy employing the asymmetric end‐group engineering, an asymmetric nonfused‐ring electron acceptor (NFREA) was designed and synthesized. Compared with the symmetric analogs (NoCA‐17 and NoCA‐18), NoCA‐19 possesses broader light absorption range, more coplanar π‐conjugated backbone, and appropriate crystallinity according to the experimental and theoretical results. The organic solar cells based on J52:NoCA‐19 exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 12.26%, which is much higher than those of J52:NoCA‐17 (9.50%) and J52:NoCA‐18 (11.77%), mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation, better and balanced charge mobility, suppressed recombination loss, shorter charge extraction time, longer charge carrier lifetimes, and more favorable blend film morphology. These findings demonstrate the great potential of asymmetric end‐group engineering in exploring low‐cost and high‐performance NFREAs.