bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed-integer linearity in nonlinear optimization: a trust region approach
Authors: De Marchi Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bringing together nonlinear optimization with polyhedral and integrality constraints enables versatile modeling, but poses significant computational challenges. We investigate a method to address these problems based on sequential mixed-integer linearization with trust region safeguard, computing feasible iterates via calls to a generic mixed-integer linear solver. Convergence to critical, possibly suboptimal, feasible points is established for arbitrary starting points. Finally, we present numerical applications in nonsmooth optimal control and optimal network design and operation.
Folk-Ontological Stances Towards Robots and Psychological Human Likeness
Authors: Datteri Edoardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It has often been argued that people can attribute mental states to robots without making any ontological commitments to the reality of those states. But what does it mean to ‘attribute’ a mental state to a robot, and ‘to make an ontological commitment’ to it? It will be argued that, on a plausible interpretation of these two notions, it is not clear how mental state attribution can occur without making any ontological commitment. Taking inspiration from the philosophical debate on scientific realism, a provisional taxonomy of folk-ontological stances towards robots will also be identified, corresponding to different ways of understanding robots’ minds. They include realism, non-realism, eliminativism, reductionism, fictionalism and agnosticism. Instrumentalism will also be discussed and presented as a folk-epistemological stance. In the last part of the article it will be argued that people’s folk-ontological stances towards robots and humans can influence their perception of the human-likeness of robots. The analysis carried out here can be read as promoting a study of people’s inner beliefs about the reality of robots’ mental states during ordinary human-robot interaction.
Modulation of the Sporulation Dynamics in the Plant-Probiotic Bacillus velezensis 83 via Carbon and Quorum-Sensing Metabolites
Authors: Soriano-Peña Esmeralda Yazmín , Luna-Bulbarela Agustín , Cristiano-Fajardo Sergio Andrés , Galindo Enrique , Serrano-Carreón Leobardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Spore-forming Bacilli, such as the plant-associated Bacillus velezensis strains, are widely used as probiotics, known for their safety and substantial health benefits for both animal and plant species. Through differentiation pathways mediated by quorum-sensing metabolites (QSMs), these bacteria develop multiple isogenic subpopulations with distinct phenotypes and ecological functions, including motile cells, matrix-producing/cannibalistic cells, competent cells, spores, and others. However, the heterogeneity in Bacillus populations is a significant limitation for the development of spore-based probiotics, as nutrients supplied during fermentation are consumed through non-target pathways. One of these pathways is the generation of overflow metabolites (OMs), including acetoin and 2,3-butanediol. This study elucidates, using a 23 full factorial experimental design, the individual effects of OMs, QSMs, and their interactions on the sporulation dynamics and subpopulation distribution of B. velezensis 83. The results showed that OMs play a relevant role as external reserves of carbon and energy during in vitro nutrient limitation scenarios, significantly affecting sporulation dynamics. OMs improve sporulation efficiency and reduce cell autolysis, but they also decrease cellular synchronization and extend the period of spore formation. Although QSMs significantly increase sporulation synchronization, the desynchronization caused by OMs cannot be mitigated even with the addition of autoinducer QSM pro-sporulation molecules, including competence and sporulation stimulating factor “CSF” and cyclic lipopeptides. Indeed, the interaction effect between OMs and QSMs displays antagonism on sporulation efficiency. Modulating the levels of OMs and QSMs is a potential strategy for regulating the distribution of subpopulations within Bacillus cultures.
Mathematical Thinking in Preschool: Strengthening Seriation and Counting Through Problem Solving
Authors: Torres-Peña Roberto Carlos , Peña-González Darwin , Ariza-Echeverri Edwan Anderson 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study addresses the critical issue of mathematical underperformance among preschoolers in Yopal Casanare, Colombia, through the perspective of an action research project. It focuses on the design and implementation of a didactic unit aimed at promoting numerical thinking, specifically seriation and structured counting, in preschool students. The methodology centers on qualitative action research, combining problem-solving approaches to comprehensively examine and transform educational practices. The intervention was designed to address identified weaknesses in mathematical competencies. To assess the initial state of mathematical competence, the Utrecht Early Mathematical Education Test was administered to 25 transition-grade children, revealing significant deficiencies in seriation and structured counting. The didactic unit included three activities focused on pattern identification, structured counting, and comparison of collections. Post-intervention assessments demonstrated notable improvements in these areas, though the emphasis remains on qualitative insights rather than statistical significance. This study contributes valuable insights into early childhood mathematics education, highlighting the potential of problem-solving-based interventions to enhance foundational mathematical competencies and emphasizing the importance of early diagnostic assessment and targeted educational strategies.
Using Best–Worst Scaling Survey to Investigate the Relative Importance of Attributes Associated with Public Hospital Outpatient Appointments
Authors: Pain Tilley , Brown Amy , Kingston Gail , Perks Stephen , Patterson Corey , Firth Nerida , Lester Jessica , Sherwood Luke , Brennan Sonja , Street Deborah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Obtaining patient input before healthcare redesign improves patient experience. The Townsville Hospital and Health Service, a regional Australian public health service, seeks to reduce the long wait list for medical specialist appointments by introducing allied health substitution models of care for low-acuity patients. This paper describes a best worst scaling survey conducted to refine attributes associated with outpatient appointments which will be used in a future discrete choice experiment (DCE).

Methods
A literature review was conducted to identify attributes associated with medical specialist outpatient appointments and allied health substitution models. An object (or case 1) best worst scaling (BWS) survey was designed using blocks of a balanced incomplete block design and analysed using multinomial logit and mixed logit models. Patients waiting at local specialist outpatient clinics were invited to complete the survey via an iPad. The interviewer collected field notes, which were analysed using content analysis.

Results
A total of 12 attributes were identified in the literature review and one from local discussion. The 167 completed responses demonstrated the ranking of attributes were diagnostic accuracy, symptom relief, continuity of care, satisfaction with care, healthcare professional, manner and communication, time on waitlist and onward referral. The least important attributes were reassurance offered, appointment wait time, cost and appointment duration.

Conclusions
This BWS survey allows us to reduce the attributes for inclusion in the DCE from 13 to 8. Diagnostic accuracy and symptom relief were of most importance, and appointment wait time and duration were of least importance. This suggests that patients would be willing to be attend different models of care such as allied health primary contact model if clinical outcomes were equivalent to the current medical-led models.
Localization of Acoustic Emission Source in Rock Using SMIGWO Algorithm
Authors: Wei Jiong , Gao Fuqiang , Lou Jinfu , Yang Lei , Wang Xiaoqing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm is acknowledged as an effective method for rock acoustic emission localization. However, the conventional GWO algorithm encounters challenges related to solution accuracy and convergence speed. To address these concerns, this paper develops a Simplex Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (SMIGWO) algorithm. The randomly generating initial populations are replaced with the iterative chaotic sequences. The search process is optimized using the convergence factor optimization algorithm based on the inverse incomplete Г function. The simplex method is utilized to address issues related to poorly positioned grey wolves. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to the conventional GWO algorithm-based AE localization algorithm, the proposed algorithm achieves a higher solution accuracy and showcases a shorter search time. Additionally, the algorithm demonstrates fewer convergence steps, indicating superior convergence efficiency. These findings highlight that the proposed SMIGWO algorithm offers enhanced solution accuracy, stability, and optimization performance. The benefits of the SMIGWO algorithm extend universally across various materials, such as aluminum, granite, and sandstone, showcasing consistent effectiveness irrespective of material type. Consequently, this algorithm emerges as a highly effective tool for identifying acoustic emission signals and improving the precision of rock acoustic emission localization.
A general version of the Saphar theorem for linear summing operators
Authors: Popa Dumitru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let

$$1\leqslant p<\infty $$

1
⩽
p
<
∞

, E, W be Banach spaces,

$$\Omega $$

Ω

a non-empty set,

$$F\subseteqq l_{\infty }( \Omega ,W) $$

F
⫅

l
∞

(
Ω
,
W
)

a linear subspace,

$$S:E\rightarrow F$$

S
:
E
→
F

a positive homogeneous operator and Z a Banach space. In this paper we introduce the concept of (p, S) -summing operator from E into Z and on

$$E\hspace{1.111pt}{\otimes }\hspace{1.111pt}Z$$

E

⊗

Z

we define

$$d_{p^{*}}^{S}$$

d

p

∗

S

, the general droite Saphar seminorm associated to the operator S. We prove that the spaces

$$\Pi _{p}^{S}( E,Z^{*}) $$

Π

p

S

(
E
,

Z

∗

)

and

$$( E\hspace{1.111pt}{\otimes }\hspace{1.111pt}Z,d_{p^{*}}^{S}) ^{*}$$

(
E

⊗

Z
,

d

p

∗

S

)

∗

are isometrically isomorphic. Various applications and illustrative examples are given.
Forschendes Lernen in der politikwissenschaftlichen Methodenausbildung
Authors: Nauroschat Lea , Kramer Finn , Pollok Michael 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Forschung und Lehre gehören zu den grundlegenden Kernbereichen des Hochschulbetriebs. Dabei stellt der Lehrbetrieb für viele Forschende eine nicht selten wenig wertgeschätzte Zusatzbelastung im universitären Forschungsalltag dar. Von Studierendenseite werden mitunter die fehlenden Verbindungen von Lehrinhalten und angewandter Forschungspraxis kritisiert. Der Ansatz des Forschenden Lernens versucht, Forschung und Lehre enger miteinander zu verknüpfen und plädiert für einen Lehrbetrieb, der Studierende an allen wesentlichen Phasen eines Forschungsprozesses als ko-kreative Peers beteiligt. Zwar findet der Ansatz bereits Beachtung im laufenden Forschungs- und Lehrbetrieb, zur allgemeinen Norm ist er allerdings noch nicht geworden. Dabei bietet das Forschende Lernen oft gerade für die bisweilen als defizitär eingeschätzte (politikwissenschaftliche) Methodenausbildung viele Vorteile. Der Beitrag legt Erfahrungen aus einem Methodenseminar am Institut für Politikwissenschaft (IfPol) Münster (Deutschland) dar, in dem die Grounded Theory Methodology als Forschungsstil im Rahmen eines laufenden Promotionsprojekts zur nachhaltigen Mobilität vermittelt und angewendet wurde.
Marital status transition probabilities in Indonesia: based on the 2007 and 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS)
Authors: Ananta Aris , Arifin Evi Nurvidya , Sun Yi , Feng Qiushi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper contributes to the first calculation of marital status transition probabilities in Indonesia using the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), a longitudinal survey conducted since 1993. The sample consists of individuals aged 15 and over in Wave-4 (2007) who were re-interviewed in Wave-5 (2014). The study calculates transition probabilities for five marital status changes: from never married to married, married to widowed, married to divorced, widowed to remarried, and divorced to remarried. The analysis is conducted based on age, education, geography (urban-rural residence and islands), and key social markers (ethnicity and religion), with sex as a control variable across all dimensions. Among others, it concludes that the transition probability from never married to married is consistently higher among females than males, regardless of education, geography, and social markers, with an exception among the group—aged 35 years old and over. Once married, most individuals remain married, though some experience a shift in marital status, transitioning to either widowed or divorced. The transition probability from married to widowed increases with age, making it significantly more common than divorce among individuals aged 50 years and over. This pattern—that transition probability is higher to widowed than to divorced- is consistent across both sexes, all education levels, geography, and social markers. After becoming widowed or divorced, some individuals remarry. However, the likelihood of remarrying differs importantly depending on the previous marital status, with the transition probability from divorced to remarried consistently higher than from widowed to remarried, irrespective of sex, age, education, geography, and social markers.
A critical approach to security in the Middle East: towards sustainable security
Authors: Yazdani Enayatollah , Zeng Ji , Bagheri Mohsen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The failure of traditional approaches to provide security has resulted in introducing a new approach to security in the post-Cold War era known as "sustainable security." This issue is particularly important in the Middle East, where the security situation has deteriorated in recent decades due to traditional security approaches. The main question of this paper is, "What can be done to ensure long-term security in the Middle East?" This paper is based on the hypothesis that sustainable security can be achieved by addressing national security, regional security, global security, and human security at the same time. The paper addresses the problem of security in the Middle East using a descriptive-analytical methodology and utilizing a theoretical framework of critical approach to security. To do this, first, the relevant theoretical literature is discussed; second, the Middle East security issue is addressed. The factors most likely to contribute to long-term security at the human, national, regional, and global levels are discussed.
How To Do Academic Blogging
Authors: Stevenson Ana , Balloo Kieran , Piper Alana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Academic blogging is a digital platform for “doing” knowledge translation in the humanities. Knowledge translation is the process of communicating research outcomes outside academia so the public can benefit. While science communication is widely recognized as a medium for communicating science, technology, engineering, and mathematics knowledge with the public, formal mechanisms for knowledge facilitation in the humanities are not as well established. Academic blogging is core to the social value and impact of the humanities, representing an important open access entry point into humanistic scholarly debates. Drawing on a developing literature about academic blogging as well as a survey we conducted with readers, authors, and editors of academic blogs, this article shows how doing knowledge translation with academic blogs can support the three core domains of a university’s mission: research, teaching, and public outreach. With your research, you can use academic blogs to facilitate networking and collaborations; with your teaching, you can use academic blogs as tools to introduce students to a new topic; with public outreach, doing academic blogging enables you to connect with diverse readerships. Academic blogs contribute to knowledge translation for and about the humanities, from foundational concepts to new research and the more hidden aspects of academic practice.
Resting-state network alterations in depression: a comprehensive meta-analysis of functional connectivity
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Zhang Yijing , Wang He , Lei Minghuan , Jiang Yifan , Xiong Di , Chen Yayuan , Zhang Yujie , Zhao Guoshu , Wang Yao , Zhang Wanwan , Xu Jinglei , Zhai Ying , An Qi , Li Shen , Hao Xiaoke , Liu Feng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Depression has been linked to disruptions in resting-state networks (RSNs). However, inconsistent findings on RSN disruptions, with variations in reported connectivity within and between RSNs, complicate the understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying depression.

Methods
A systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science identified studies that employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore RSN changes in depression. Studies using seed-based functional connectivity analysis or independent component analysis were included, and coordinate-based meta-analyses were performed to evaluate alterations in RSN connectivity both within and between networks.

Results
A total of 58 studies were included, comprising 2321 patients with depression and 2197 healthy controls. The meta-analysis revealed significant alterations in RSN connectivity, both within and between networks, in patients with depression compared with healthy controls. Specifically, within-network changes included both increased and decreased connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) and increased connectivity in the frontoparietal network (FPN). Between-network findings showed increased DMN–FPN and limbic network (LN)–DMN connectivity, decreased DMN–somatomotor network and LN–FPN connectivity, and varied ventral attention network (VAN)–dorsal attentional network (DAN) connectivity. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between illness duration and increased connectivity between the VAN and DAN.

Conclusions
These findings not only provide a comprehensive characterization of RSN disruptions in depression but also enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying depression.
Comparative Regionalism beyond Europe versus the rest
Authors: Lenz Tobias , Söderbaum Fredrik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
What is the current state of Comparative Regionalism (CR) as a field of research? Since its inception, CR has suffered from a chasm between those who take European integration as the model for conceptualising, theorising, comparing, and designing regionalism worldwide, and the critics, who reject EU-centrism in favour of more contextualised approaches focusing on the Global South. This paper challenges this characterisation by showing how CR has fundamentally changed in the last decade or so. We detail three ‘silent’ transformations: (i) conceptually, scholars disaggregate regionalism into specific components, rendering systematic comparison more tractable and less individual case-centric; (ii) theoretically, scholars develop frameworks that build on general social science theories and actively seek to move beyond EU-centrism; and (iii) methodologically, scholars use more rigorous comparative designs and a broader range of data. These changes, we suggest, indicate a ‘mainstreaming’ of CR, with attendant benefits and costs.
Nutritional value of organic food in children
Authors: De Luca Arnaud , Bocquet Alain , Brancato-Bouet Sandra , Chalumeau Martin , Dupont Christophe , Darmaun Dominique , Feillet François , Frelut Marie-Laure , Guimber Dominique , Lapillonne Alexandre , Linglart Agnès , Nicklaus Sophie , Peretti Noël , Rozé Jean-Christophe , Simeoni Umberto , Chouraqui Jean-Pierre ,   Committee on Nutrition of the French Society of Paediatrics
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In Europe, organic food must comply with specific regulations which do not include nutritional criteria. The ability of organic food to meet the nutritional needs of children is not assessed. This narrative review discusses the nutritional composition (macronutrients, micronutrients) of organic food compared to conventional products and its clinical relevance with a pediatric focus, and the health impact of these differences and of contaminants which interfere with metabolism. Other potential differences, particularly regarding the direct/indirect exposure to other contaminants in conventional food, are not addressed in this review. The composition of some organic food may differ from conventional food. Protein content was lower in cereals and eggs. A lower n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) ratio was observed in milk, meat and eggs. Long-chain PUFA and vitamin E may be higher in milk, meat, and fish, as some minerals and antioxidants (phenolic compounds, vitamin C) in fruits, vegetables, and starchy food and carotenoids in fruits and vegetables. Epidemiological studies suggest an association between organic diets and lower prevalence of childhood obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, whereas the protective effect on allergy and cancer is controversial. Some organic food may have a better nutritional interest for children’s diet than conventional food. Standardized studies comparing food composition and diet in children are needed. Considering the lower toxicologic risk and the sustainability of organic food, the Committee on Nutrition encourages the use of organic food, provided such food is affordable, alongside specific baby food which are subject to strict specific EU regulations.
A Novel Ensemble‐Based Parameter Estimation for Improving Ocean Biogeochemistry in an Earth System Model
Authors: Singh Tarkeshwar , Counillon François , Tjiputra Jerry , Wang Yiguo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEstimating ocean biogeochemistry (BGC) parameters in Earth System Models is challenging due to multiple error sources and interlinked parameter sensitivities. Reducing the temperature and salinity bias in the ocean physical component of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM) diminishes the BGC state bias at intermediate depth but leads to a greater bias increase near the surface. This suggests that BGC parameters are tuned to compensate for the physical ocean model biases. We successfully apply the iterative ensemble smoother data assimilation technique to estimate BGC parameters in NorESM with reduced bias in its physical ocean component. We estimate BGC parameters based on the monthly climatological error of nitrate, phosphate, and oxygen in a coupled reanalysis of NorESM that assimilates observed monthly climatology of temperature and salinity. First, we compare the performance of globally uniform and spatially varying parameter estimations. Both approaches reduce BGC bias obtained with default parameters, even for variables not assimilated in the parameter estimation (e.g., fluxes and primary production). While spatial parameter estimation performs locally best, it also increases biases in areas with few observations, and overall performs poorer than global parameter estimation. A second iteration further reduces the bias in the near‐surface BGC with global parameter estimation. Finally, we assess the performance of global estimated parameters in a 30‐year coupled reanalysis produced by assimilating time‐varying temperature and salinity observations. This reanalysis reduces error by 10%–20% for phosphate, nitrate, oxygen, and dissolved inorganic carbon compared to a reanalysis done with default parameters.