bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Effects of Reproductive and Productive Teaching Styles Interventions on Primary Schoolchildren. What Implications for Physical Education Teachers?
Authors: Monacis Domenico , Annoscia Sabrina , Limone Pierpaolo , Colella Dario 
Published: December 2023

Background. In recent years, the study of the teacher-student relationship in the teaching-learning processes in physical education has had great emphasis. Previous studies have shown that the use of the Spectrum of Teaching Styles can enhance intrinsic motivation, enjoyment, adherence to physical activity and physical activity levels in children and adolescents.
Study purpose. The present study aims to assess if a physical education (PE) intervention based on the variations in teaching styles, with reference to productive ones, can also have positive effects on physical fitness.
Materials and methods. The sample involved 4 primary school classes (n = 124 children, mean age = 8–10 years) recruited from the SBAM (Health, Wellness, Food Education and Movement at School) Project in Apulia, Southern Italy. The classes were randomly assigned to the Experimental Group (EG) and the Control Group (CG). The EG followed a 5-month experimental intervention based on the variation of teaching styles, while the CG performed regular PE lessons. Physical fitness was assessed with Standing Long Jump (SLJ), 1kg Medicine Ball Throw (MBT), and 20 m sprint (20 m)tests, while two validated questionnaires were used to evaluate physical self-perception (PSP) and enjoyment. A 2x2 (intervention group x time) ANOVA was carried out to assess significant difference and interaction effect pre (t0) and post (t1) intervention protocol.
Results. Data analysis showed a significant improvement of physical fitness in both EG and CG, while PSP and enjoyment increased only in EG. Moreover, significant (p < .05) interaction effects were found for 20m sprint, PSP and Enjoyment with low effect size (η2 ~ .20).
Conclusions. The results of the present study highlight the effectiveness of a PE intervention based on the variation of teaching styles in improving physical fitness, self-perception, and enjoyment. Moreover, the use of productive teaching styles significantly impacts self-perception and enjoyment that are important mediating factors for guaranteeing better adherence to physical activity.
MORPHOMETRIC AND FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR-DIFFERENTIATED PC12 CELLS
Authors: ÜNAY Simge , ŞİRİNYILDIZ Ferhat 
Published: December 2023

Objective
PC12 is a rat pheochromocytoma cell line. These
cells characteristically undergo differentiation when
cultured with nerve growth factor (NGF). Depending
on the dose of NGF, the length of neurite extensions
changes. Thanks to this differentiation property,
the cells are used in neuroscience and in modeling
pathophysiological diseases such as Alzheimer's,
Parkinson's, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
However, literature studies showing the effect of NGF
on neurite extensions formed in PC12 cells are very
limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of
NGF on neurite extensions and cell viability depending
on dose and incubation time.
Materials and Methods
In this study, PC12 cells were incubated with 50 ng/ml
and 100 ng/ml NGF for 3, 6 and 7 days. The lengths
of neurite outgrowths and dead cell ratios were
calculated in incubated cells.
Results
The results showed that the length of neurite
extensions and dead cell ratio increased depending
on NGF doses and incubation time. When NGF
incubation times were compared, no difference was
found between 50 ng/ml NGF 6 days and 100 ng/ml
NGF 3 days groups.
Conclusion
When the dead cell ratios and sizes of neurite
extensions in the experimental groups are evaluated,
it is thought that 100 ng/ml NGF and 3 days incubation
time parameters are ideal for PC12 cell differentiation.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN RUHSAL HASTALIKLARA YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI VE EMPATİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: BACIK YAMAN Gözde , KUMBUL Hanım , KÖYÜSTÜ Büşra , HÜSEYNOV İbrahim , ÖZDAMAR ÜNAL Gülin 
Published: December 2023

Amaç
Ruhsal hastalıklar dünya çapında önemli bir halk sağlığı
sorunudur. Bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin
ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek
ve bunun empati ile ilişkisini incelemek amaçlanmaktadır.
Gereç Yöntem
Türkiye’de Eylül 2022 ile Nisan 2023 tarihleri arasında
çevirimiçi anket aracılığıyla kesitsel bir çalışma
gerçekleştirildi. 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında üniversiteye
devam eden 666 üniversite öğrencisi Sosyodemografik
Veri Formu, Ruhsal Hastalıklara Yönelik
İnançlar Ölçeği ve Empati Ölçeğini içeren anketi
tamamladılar. Katılımcıların ruhsal hastalıklar ile ilgili
ders alıp almadıkları ve kendilerinde bir ruhsal hastalık
olduğunda bunu biriyle paylaşıp paylaşmayacakları
sorgulandı.
Bulgular
Cinsiyete göre kadınların Empati Ölçeği ortanca puanı
erkeklere göre istatiksel düzeyde anlamlı olarak
daha yüksek saptandı (sırasıyla p=0,085, p=
EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE SENSITIZES PANCREATIC CANCER CELLS TO GEMCITABINE BY MODULATING MICRORNA EXPRESSION PROFILE
Authors: KAYGUSUZ Ali Haydar , SOGUTLU Fatma , BİRAY AVCI Çığır 
Published: December 2023

Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related
deaths in developed countries, with a 5-year average
survival rate of less than 5%, making it a malignant
disease. Gemcitabine (GEM), an FDA-approved
pyrimidine antimetabolite, is widely used in pancreatic
cancer treatment. However, due to its targeting of
all dividing cells, severe side effects are frequently
observed in patients undergoing GEM treatment for
pancreatic cancer. Consequently, meta-analyses have
shown that the combination of GEM with other active
compounds significantly improves the 1-year survival
rate of pancreatic cancer patients. Epigallocatechin-
3-gallate (EGCG), an active compound found in
green tea (Camellia sinensis), has proven anticancer
activity in pancreatic cancer. Subsequent studies have
demonstrated that EGCG enhances the sensitivity of
pancreatic cancer cells to GEM. However, among
the studies conducted to date, the impact of the
combination of EGCG and GEM on the expression
of critical microRNAs, which act as key epigenetic
regulators in pancreatic cancer pathology, has not
been investigated. This study aims to determine the
cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the combination of
GEM and EGCG on PANC1 cells and to examine its
effectiveness on the expression levels of microRNAs
involved in cancer progression.
Material and Method
Cytotoxicity of GEM and EGCG in PANC1 cells was
assessed using the WST-1 assay, and combination
effects were analyzed using isobologram analysis.
Apoptosis analysis was performed using the Annexin
V method. miRNA isolation was conducted with the
miRNeasy Kit, followed by cDNA synthesis using
the miScript II Reverse Transcription Kit. Changes
in the expression of miRNAs involved in cancer
cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis were
examined using real-time qRT-PCR analysis.
Results
The IC50 values for GEM at 24, 48, and 72 hours were
determined as 72.85 μM, 26.55 μM, and 9.38 μM,
respectively. EGCG's IC50 values at 24, 48, and 72
hours were determined as 64.36 μM, 48.34 μM, and
19.73 μM, respectively. When combined at a 2:3 ratio
(GEM: EGCG) at 24 and 72 hours, a synergistic effect
was observed, while at 48 hours, a strong synergistic
drug interaction was observed. At a concentration of
only 26.55 μM, the group treated with GEM showed
a 4.2-fold increase in apoptosis compared to the
control group receiving fresh medium. In contrast,
the combination treatment (EGCG: 4.71 μM, GEM:
3.14 μM) resulted in a remarkable 12.04-fold increase
in apoptosis. After combination treatment, the
expression of tumor suppressor miRNAs, miR-137,
and miR-130a-3p, increased, while the expression of
oncogenic miRNAs, including miR-27a-3p, miR-425-
5p, miR-183-5p, miR-187-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-324-5p,
and miR-486-5p, decreased.
Conclusion
EGCG can sensitize pancreatic cancer to GEM
through epigenetic mechanisms, shedding light on
novel therapeutic approaches.
YAPAY ZEKÂ DESTEKLİ SOHBET ROBOTLARININ YAYGIN ORTODONTİK SORULARI CEVAPLAMA BAŞARISININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: TAŞKIN Sercan , GEÇGELEN CESUR Mine , UZUN Mustafa 
Published: December 2023

Amaç
Bu çalışmada ortodontik tedavi gören hastaların ortodontistlerine
yaygın olarak sordukları soruların yapay
zekâ destekli sohbet robotları tarafından cevaplanma
başarısının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Ortodontik tedavi gören hastaların yaygın olarak sordukları
15 soru internet veri tabanından araştırılarak
ChatGPT3.5, ChatGPT4, BING ve ZekAI uygulamalarına
15 Mayıs 2023’te sorulmuştur. Uygulamaların
verdikleri cevaplar iki ortodonti uzmanı, iki ortodonti
araştırma görevlisi ve iki diş hekimi tarafından 1 (en
yeterli)’den 5 (en yetersiz)’e kadar oluşturulan Likert
Skalası ölçeğine göre puanlanmıştır.
Bulgular
İstatistiksel değerlendirmeler sonucunda çalışmada
yer alan iki ortodonti uzmanı (MGC, MU) ve iki ortodonti
asistanı (AAA, ST) ChatGPT4 uygulamasına
BING uygulamasına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
derecede düşük puan vermiştir (p
EFFECT OF DISTRACTION METHODS ON ACUTE PAIN IN ADULTS: RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: ÇAMLICA Tuğçe , ETİ ASLAN Fatma 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study aims to determine the pain experienced by
adult patients during the bloodletting procedure and
to reveal the effect of visual and auditory methods
on the level of pain compared to routine bloodletting
procedures.
Material and Method
The study was conducted as a randomized controlled
trial. The study was carried out in a blood collection
unit of a hospital on 15.01.2022. A total of ninety-nine
patients were randomized into three groups (visual,
auditory, and control groups). Visual Group patients
were asked to focus on the nature photograph on the
screen, and the Auditory Group patients were asked
to focus on the nature sounds they listened to. Data
were collected using the Personal Information Form
and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). In the analysis
of the data, descriptive statistical methods, Kruskal-
Wallis, Pearson Chi-Square, and Monte Carlo Exact
Tests were used. The significance level was taken as
p
THE RELATION BETWEEN MODIFIED SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION SCORE AND PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS
Authors: CANLIKARAKAYA Fırat , OCAKLI Serhat , CEYLAN Cengiz , GÖKTAŞ Abidin , GÜLER İlkay , TERZİOĞLU Serdar Gökay 
Published: December 2023

Objective
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours are tumours of
mesenchymal origin that can be located along
the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, the role of
Modified systemic inflammation score in predicting
the prognosis of these tumours was investigated.
Material and Method
115 patients diagnosed with Gastrointestinal Stromal
Tumor (GIST) who underwent surgery at Ankara City
Hospital between June 1, 2019 and December 1,
2022 were examined. Tumor location, size, presence
of rupture-bleeding-necrosis, Ki-67 level, mitotic index
and preoperative albumin, lymphocyte and monocyte
levels were evaluated. mSIS score was grouped as
0, 1 and 2. The relationship between mSIS and Ki-
67 index and the presence of rupture, necrosis and
bleeding was investigated.
Results
Out of 115 patients, 68 (59 %) were male, 47 (41 %)
were female, with an average age of 62.5 (± 12.67)
years. Tumor locations: stomach (64.3 %), small
intestine (26 %), colon (5.2 %), esophagus (1.8 %),
pancreas (1.8 %), and ovary (0.9 %). Necrosis was
in 25 (30.7 %), hemorrhage in 67 (58.7 %), rupture
in 19 (16.8 %), and the mean Ki-67 level was 9.09 (±
10.64). 63 (54.8 %) patients had mSIS 0, 29 (25.2 %)
had mSIS 1, and 23 (20 %) had mSIS 2. Statistical
analysis found a significant correlation between mSIS
and necrosis, but not with other parameters.
Conclusion
The mSIS score is a valuable score showing
inflammation in the body and has been shown to be
associated with the prognosis of many malignancies.
In our study, the presence of necrosis in the tumour
was found to be associated with the mSIS score.
Although this result alone is not sufficient to predict
the prognosis, it is thought to be an issue that may
open the door to new studies.
ÜRETRAL DARLIK TEDAVİSİ SONRASI GELİŞEN NÜKS ORANLARI İLE İNFLAMATUAR KAN BELİRTEÇLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: ERGÜN Osman 
Published: December 2023

Amaç
Rutin kan tetkiklerinde çalışılan inflamatuar belirteç
ve bu belirteçlerin birbirleriyle oranları ile üretra darlığı
tedavisi sonrası gelişen nüks arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya
koymak.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Çalışmaya internal üretrotomi operasyonu geçiren
142 hasta dahil edildi. Veriler retrospektif olarak tarandı.
Hastaların yaşları, eşlik eden komorbidite
durumları, kullandıkları tıbbi tedaviler, alışkanlıkları,
geçirdikleri cerrahi operasyonlar, işlem öncesi ve
sonrasında takiplerdeki üroflowmetre değerleri, darlık
lokalizasyonları ve uzunlukları, preoperatif ve post
operatif idrar ve kan tahlilleri kaydedildi.
Bulgular
İnternal üretrotomi operasyonu sonrası ilk bir yılda
nüks gelişme oranı %25,4 olarak tespit edildi. Ortalama
nüks süresi 8,9±1,9 aydı ve bu süre 1-12 ay
arasında değişmekteydi, ortanca nüks süresi ise 6 ay
olarak hesaplandı. Üretra darlığına neden olan etyolojik
faktörler incelendiğinde, iyatrojenik nedenlerin en
yaygın neden olduğu gözlemlendi. Nüks gelişen grup
ile gelişmeyen grup arasında lenfosit sayısı, platelet
sayısı, platelet-lenfosit oranı, red cell distribution width-
platelet oranı bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
farklar bulundu (p
Re-articulation in Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God
Authors: Sharma Divya 
Published: December 2023

Zora Neale Hurston’s most acclaimed novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), juxtaposes the sensuous side of ecology with that of female sexuality and sensuousness, through the epiphany of the blossoming pear tree. The present research article explores this idea to establish Zora Neale Hurston as a womanist who anticipates ecofeminism and ecosexuality creating a female protagonist who finds a voice narrating her story.
A retrospective study of the comparison of maternal outcomes in in-vitro-fertilization pregnancy versus spontaneous conception
Authors: Yadav Reena , Chopra Kanika , Goyal Aditi 
Published: December 2023

Background: The adverse maternal outcomes of newer technology of IVF have not been studied so far, especially in India. The aim of the study was to compare maternal near miss and mortality between IVF-conceived and spontaneously conceived pregnancies, at a tertiary-level hospital, in Delhi.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2018-2020. The demographic, obstetrics, past history, obstetric-related morbidity, mode of delivery, details of maternal near miss and mortality, and their reasons were recorded. Similar data from spontaneous conceptions were compiled. Comparison of maternal characteristics was tested using chi-square test, p<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean age of women in the study group was 33.16±5.58 years and in controls was 26.16±4.28 years. The risk of multiple pregnancy (58.5% versus 2%, p<0.0001), pre-eclampsia (62.8% versus 17.1%, p<0.0001), gestational diabetes mellitus (23.5% versus 14.2%, p=0.0493), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (32.8% versus 10%, p<0.0001), antepartum haemorrhage (12.1% versus 2.85%, p=0.0066), preterm deliveries (66.4% versus 5.7%, <0.0001), and maternal near miss (12.8% versus 0.7%, OR 20.50, 95% CI-2.6979 to 155.8916, p=0.0035) were much higher in the study group as compared to the control group and was statistically significant. The odds of maternal mortality were 4.0882, 95% CI 0.4512 to 37.0465, p=0.2105 in the study group as compared to the control group.
Conclusions: There is a need to counsel couples wanting to conceive with IVF about not just the procedure and success rates of it, but also the potential for pregnancy complications.
Maternal request caesarean sections: fear tops the list
Authors: Puramban Poornima , Ravula Pallavi Chandra , Aziz Nuzhat 
Published: December 2023

Background: The increasing demand for caesarean delivery on maternal request (CDMR) is adding to the increasing caesarean rates worldwide. Pregnant women and families choose a CDMR for several reasons that include social, economic, and cultural contexts. This study was done in a south Indian state to explore the common local reasons for CDMR, as a first step to reduce this trend.
Methods: Prospective observational, semi structured interview-based study of women who had chosen CDMR. Women with multifetal pregnancy and with previous caesarean sections were excluded. The primary outcomes were the reasons to choose a caesarean section over vaginal birth. The reasons were collected and divided into three themes: social and cultural, emotional reasons and personal previous experiences.
Results: Ninety-two women gave consent to participate in the study and were interviewed. The most common reason to choose a caesarean in the absence of any medical indication was ‘fear’ of harm to the mother or baby, trauma, or vaginal examinations by 65 out of 92 women (70.65%). Theme of social influence was quoted as the reason by seven (7.6%) and previous personal experience with birth outcomes was cited by three women (3.2%). The majority chose CDMR in the antenatal period even before they set into labour.
Conclusions: Fear was the most common reason for choosing a CDMR, representing a misconception that caesarean birth is a safer, better alternative for the woman and her family. There is a need for change in discussions around antenatal care options, exploration of fears, and support systems to make a better-informed choice.
A rare cause of dysmenorrhea-accessory cavitated uterine malformation: a case report
Authors: Subash Chandra Bose Rajarajeswari Krishnasamy , V. Nandhana 
Published: December 2023

Accessory cavitated uterine malformation is a newly recognized mullerian anomaly where the uterine cavity is normal unlike other Mullerian anomalies and hence needs to be described more accurately. These are non-communicating ULMs that occur contiguously along the wall of the uterus. This case report is about a 31 years old female who came with complaints of acute severe dysmenorrhea with a chronic course for the past 2 years and was evaluated for a similar episode in the past where she was diagnosed as fibroid with cystic degeneration and treated with SPRM and OCP which gave no relief from symptoms. With another exacerbation of symptoms two years later, patient was evaluated with an USG suggesting hemorrhagic degeneration in rudimentary horn and gave two differentials- fibroid with cystic degeneration and adenomyoma, wherein the latter was more likely. As a part of pre-op evaluation, MRI was done. Then came the third differential-ACUM [Accessory cavitated uterine mass]. Patient was counselled about the risk of infertility and uterine rupture in subsequent pregnancy as a post-op complication underwent laparoscopic surgery. Intraoperative and postoperative period was uneventful and HPE of the same confirmed the diagnosis. ACUM is a very treatable cause of severe dysmenorrhea and adequate awareness of this new entity will enable in making the diagnosis early.
Comparison of American orthopedic foot and ankle society score between anterior to posterior lag screws versus posterior buttress plating for posterior malleolus fixation in tri-malleolar ankle fracture
Authors: Ali Khandoker Muhammud Mazher , Islam Muhammad Mozaherul , Badar Uddin K. M. , Rukanuddawla Khan M. , Atikur Rahman Shojib M. 
Published: December 2023

Background: Posterior malleolar fractures are frequent, occurring in up to 44% of all ankle fractures. Surgical management typically involves anterior to posterior (AP) lag screws or posterior buttress plates. This study aimed to compare the AOFAS (American orthopedic foot and ankle society) score between AP lag screw and posterior buttress plating for posterior malleolus fixation in tri-malleolar ankle fracture.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at the department of orthopedics and traumatology, Chittagong medical college hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh, from November 2020 to October 2021. It involved 28 patients with ankle fractures, equally divided into two groups. Group A received AP lag screw fixation, and group B underwent posterior buttress plating. Data analysis was performed using MS office tools and SPSS version 23.0.
Results: The posterior plating group demonstrated superior postoperative AOFAS scores compared with the AP screw group with statistically significant differences (88 versus 81, p=0.008). Significant differences were noted in the AOFAS pain score (p=0.045) and function score (p=0.019) at the final follow-up between the two groups.
Conclusions: Patients with tri-malleolar ankle fractures in whom the posterior malleolus is treated with posterior buttress plating show superior postoperative AOFAS scores at follow-up compared to those treated with AP screws.
Evaluation of the role of computed tomography guided biopsy in effective diagnosis and management of patients with Koch’s spine in India
Authors: S. Subith , Dussa Kumar R. , Kokate Sagar , Tungenwar Shubham , Dakhode Shubham 
Published: December 2023

Background: In the Indian population, tuberculosis and malignancy are the most common spinal pathologies. Radiological findings are often non-specific, thus non-diagnostic and fail to provide a prognostic perspective if the disease is established. Therefore, bacterial and/or histological evidence must be obtained to distinguish one infection from another or neoplasm. In this study, we evaluated the role of Computed Tomography-guided biopsy in Koch's spine by assessing diagnostic yield, the incidence of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis, and drug sensitivity.
Methods: Patients with suspected Koch's spine attending outpatient department of tertiary health care centre in India were selected for the study. Data were collected using proforma containing demographic, clinical, radiological and other laboratory variables. In addition, biopsy samples were sent for microbiological and histopathological analysis. Patients were followed up at an interval of 3 months to one year.
Results: Most patients had Lumbar vertebra involvement followed by dorsal and least with cervical spine.41.25% of cases were drug resistant. In resistant cases, Isoniazid resistance is more seen, followed by Rifampicin. The clinical assessment revealed a significant difference in fever, back pain, Weight WBC count, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and C Reactive Protein post-biopsy and treatment.
Conclusions: Patients with Koch's spine should have tissue sampling for diagnosis and drug sensitivity; otherwise, they will not receive adequate treatment, leading to delayed recovery, disease worsening and resistance. Computed tomography guided biopsy thus helps early diagnosis and guides to proper anti-tuberculous treatment. In addition, it helps to decrease the burden of morbidity associated with Koch's spine.