bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Self-healing Polymer Materials: Routes and Strategies
Authors: Cao Zhonglin , Xu Jinbao 
Published: February 2024

:
The most intriguing area of scientific study and engineering applications is to
synthetize materials that can autonomously heal damage similar to biological tissues. Since
the concept of self-healing materials was established, several variations of self-healing polymer
materials have been developed based on distinct healing techniques. This review outlines
the most recent breakthroughs in self-healing polymers and utilizes the opportunity to
categories the descriptions of self-healing technologies in the literatures according to extrinsic
and intrinsic routes (noncovalent bonds, physical interaction, and covalent bonds). The
major focus is on the routes and strategies used to generate self-healing polymer materials.
In addition, the strengths and weaknesses of polymer materials with different self-healing
routes and strategies in terms of mechanical and self-healing properties were summarized.
Furthermore, we also reviewed the progress of the development from a single self-healing mechanism to multiple
self-healing mechanisms to achieve balanced comprehensive performance. Finally, the future trajectory of
self-healing polymers is envisioned.
Anti-seizure Effects and Mechanisms of Berberine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jivad Nahid , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid , Bagheri Hesamaldin , Sherwin Catherine M.T. , Rostamian Sahar 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Epilepsy is one of the most common in all age groups and disabling
neurologic disorders around the world.

Objectives:
This systematic review was to explore whether berberine (BBR) has any anti-seizure
or anti-epileptic effects and also reviewed this possible mechanism.

Methods:
The EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases
were searched before Sep 2023. All types of studies that investigated the effects of BBR on epilepsy
or chemical-induced seizures were eligible for inclusion. Two authors independently evaluated
and reviewed titles/abstracts to identify publications for potential eligibility, and a third
team member resolved discrepancies. Data were extracted in an Excel form, and the outcomes
were discussed.

Results:
BBR showed its neuroprotective properties by reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation,
and anti-apoptosis effects. It also increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
release and reduces transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α
(HIF-1α). BBR by increasing scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear factor
erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), endogenous antioxidant enzymes, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1),
and inhibition of lipid peroxidation insert its antioxidant activity. Moreover, BBR showed antiinflammatory
activity by reducing Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
(TNF-α) levels and through inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and including nuclear factor
κB (NF-κB). In addition, it modulated c-fos expression and neuronal excitability in the brain.

Conclusion:
BBR indicated promising anti-seizure effects with remarkable antioxidant, antiinflammatory,
anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective activity. Future studies should be based on
well-designed clinical trial studies that are integrated with new methods related to increasing
bioavailability.
Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery
Diagnosed in Adulthood
Authors: Xie Nanai , Liu Jingyan , Zhang Heng , Zhu Yuhui , Ma Wanling 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
An anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare heart malformation, with 90% of patients dying during the first
year of life. If the right coronary artery compensation and multiple collateral circulation are sufficiently established, the patient's myocardial
ischemia symptoms are mild and appear later, which is called the adult type ALCAPA.

Case Description:
A 42-year-old woman presented to our hospital with one-month history of the aggravation of active shortness of breath which gradually progressed
to nocturnal paroxysmal shortness of breath and cough. Admission physical examination suggested mild edema of both lower limbs. Transthoracic
echocardiography (TTE) showed that a small vessel shadow was abnormally connected to the pulmonary artery (PA), and moderate pulmonary
artery hypertension. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed an anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery (LMCA)
dividing into the left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (LCX) artery from the PA, with no clear connection to the left coronary sinus.
The right coronary artery (RCA) was significantly dilated and originated from the normal Valsalva sinus. It was accompanied by multiple
collateral circulations, most of which traveled anterior to the right ventricular free wall and anterior interventricular sulcus, and some emanated
from the posterior descending branch of the posterior interventricular sulcus and walked toward the posterolateral wall of the left ventricle.

Conclusion:
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) can be used to visualize the abnormal origin and distribution of the coronary artery's course
and may be the first choice in the diagnosis of ALCAPA.
Ginsenoside Compound K Reduces Psoriasis-related Inflammation by
Activation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Keratinocytes
Authors: Wang Wu , Xu Xiujin , Yang Mei , Jiang Mengya , Wang Dandan , Tang Caihong , Wei Wei , Chen Jingyu 
Published: February 2024

Aim:
To investigate the effects and mechanism of Ginsenoside Compound K (GCK) on psoriasis, focusing on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in
keratinocytes.

Methods:
An imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis mouse model was generated to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of GCK. Hematoxylin
and eosin (H&E) staining was used to assess skin pathological changes. Protein expression of K17 and p-p65 in mice skin was assayed by
immunohistochemical. Protein expression and phosphorylation of p65 IκB were assayed by Western blot. Protein expression of K1, K6, K10, K16,
K17, and GR were assayed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine
cytokine levels of TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL-8, and ICAM-1. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to quantify TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8,
and ICAM-1 mRNA expression. Cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay. A high-content cell-imaging system was
used to assay cell proliferation. Nuclear translocation of p65 and GR was assayed by imaging flow cytometry and immunofluorescence
microscopy. Small interfering RNA was used to confirm the role of GR in the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effect of GCK in normal
human epidermal keratinecytes (NHEKs).

Results:
GCK reduced the psoriasis area, severity index, and epidermal thickening in IMQ-induced mice. GCK significantly attenuated the mRNA levels of
IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 and reduced epidermal hyperproliferation in the skin of IMQ-induced mice. GCK inhibited in vitro activation of
NF-κB, leading to attenuated release of inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and ICAM-1) and suppression of NHEK hyperproliferation
and abnormal differentiation. These inhibitory effects of GCK were diminished by GR silencing in NHEKs.

Conclusion:
GCK suppressed psoriasis-related inflammation by suppressing keratinocyte activation, which may be related to promoting GR nuclear
translocation and inhibiting NF-κB activation. In summary, GCK appears to be a GR activator and a promising therapeutic candidate for
antipsoriatic agents.
Labels, taxes, and food reformulation: A tale of sugar in carbonated soft drinks in Ecuador
Authors: Villacis Alexis , Carpio Carlos E. , Boonsaeng Tullaya , Cabrera Tania , Alvarado Rafael 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has increased significantly worldwide, including in low- and middle-income countries. In Ecuador, a middle-income country, the government has implemented two policies to improve the quality of its population’s diet: (1) a traffic-light (TL) nutritional labeling requirement for processed foods and (2) a special tax scheme for drinks with a high sugar content (HSC). This study examines changes in carbonated soft drink (CSD) sugar formulation and its associated impacts on sugar consumption after the implementation of these two policies. Sugar content in soft drinks was obtained from the National Agency for Health Regulation, Control, and Surveillance (ARCSA) and directly from the labels of carbonated soft drinks sold in the country. CSD monthly purchase data from January 2013 to December 2019 were obtained from the Kantar World Panel (Ecuador). Mixed reactions followed the introduction of the TL in the sugar content reformulation of CSD. In contrast, the implementation of the HSC tax scheme was followed by extensive efforts to reformulate CSD as all brands studied decreased their sugar content. We also found evidence that CSD consumption reduced significantly after the HSC tax scheme was imposed. Overall, sugar consumption linked to CSD decreased after the implementation of these two policies. Still, most of this decrease is related to reformulation activities observed after the HSC tax scheme was implemented.
The First PCAOB Director of Registration and Inspections George Henry Diacont
Authors: Keyser John D. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
George Diacont was the first Director of Registration and Inspections for the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). Diacont joined the PCAOB in March 2003, shortly after it commenced operations. His approach was to build a team of highly skilled professionals and encourage them to contribute their best ideas. His leadership style was to support his team, listen to their ideas, and make the best decisions possible without concern for praise or recognition. He also worked to instill a “regulatory attitude” in the former auditors who had become inspectors. This paper describes Diacont’s long and distinguished career in government service beginning with his military service in the U.S. Marine Corps. He spent 24 years at the Securities and Exchange Commission and five years in the Listing Investigation group at the NASDAQ stock market. He served nearly eight years at the PCAOB before he retired in 2011.
JEL Classifications: M4.
Persepsi dan Keinginan Siswa Tentang Iklim Sekolah di SMA Negeri 7 Padang dan SMA Negeri 8 Padang
Authors: Anisa Putri Ayu , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto , Irsyad Irsyad , Alkadri Hanif 
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi hasil observasi penulis yang dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 7 Padang dan di SMA Negeri 8 Padang yang menunjukkan bahwa belum kondusifnya iklim sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh data dan informasi mengenai persepsi (Actual) dan keinginan siswa (Preferred) terhadap iklim sekolah berdasarkan aspek: 1) Dukungan kepada peserta didik, 2) Afiliasi, 3) Partisipasi Siswa, 4) Kepercayaan, 5) Inovasi, 6) Aturan dan norma, 7) Kelengkapan sumber, 8) Kenyamanan lingkungan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deksriptif kuantitatif dengan populasi sebanyak 1242 siswa dengan sampel sebanyak 111 siswa yang diambil menggunakan metode Stratified Proportional Random Sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah angket dalam bentuk skala likert yang sudah di uji cobakan untuk mengetahui nilai validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Hasil penelitian persepsi siswa (Actual) di SMA Negeri 7 Padang yang dilihat dari aspek dukungan kepada peserta didik, afiliasi, partisipasi siswa, kepercayaan, inovasi, aturan dan norma, kelengkapan sumber serta kenyamanan lingkungan tergolong kondusif dengan skor rata-rata persepsi siswa 4,3 sedangkan keinginan siswa (Preferred) 4,6; di samping itu, persepsi siswa (Actual) di SMA Negeri 8 Padang juga tergolong kondusif dengan skor rata-rata 43 dan skor keinginan siswa (Preferred) sebesar 44.
Diskriminasi Pada Masa Kolonialisme Belanda Dan Jepang Dalam Novel Bumi Manusia Dan Novel Perburuan Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer : Sebuah Studi Historiografi
Authors: Fallihah Yumna Asar Adzra , Hardi Etmi 
Published: February 2024

Studi ini mengkaji kajian historiografi dalam dua novel sejarah, yaitu novel Bumi Manusia dan novel Perburuan karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi bangsa Indonesia pada masa penjajahan Belanda dan Jepang di Indonesia dalam kedua novel karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan historiografi dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yaitu metode kepustakaan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah mengumpulkan data tertulis, membaca, mencatat, dan mengolah bahan penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Indonesia mengalami berbagai macam diskriminasi yang disebabkan oleh bangsa Eropa serta Jepang. Diskriminasi yang dialami bangsa indonesia berupa diskriminasi ras atau etnis, sosial, jenis kelamin, agama, dan ekonomi.
Strategi Pengembangan Kurikulum Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) di Yayasan Anugrah Dwinata Sejahtera SLB Dwinata
Authors: Karmila Desi 
Published: February 2024

SLB merupakan salah satu sekolah luar biasa di Padang yang memberikan pelayanan pendidikan bagi anak-anak berkebutuhan khusus, khususnya anak autis. Pada dasarnya kurikulum Anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) dan anak normal, pasti sama dalam tujuan dalam kurikulumnya, yakni sama-sama untuk membentuk perilaku anak didik. Adapun Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang strategi pengembangan kurikulum khusus autis di SLB Autis Dwinata. Metode yang digunakan dalam Penelitian ini, termasuk jenis penelitian pustaka (Library Research) dan menggunakan data kualitatif. Perubahan kurikulum yang terjadi saat ini menunjukkan bahwa kurikulum rentan terhadap perubahan sosial. Meskipun perubahan tetap terjadi, tampaknya tidak ada kurikulum yang membedakannya penggunaan antara siswa normal dan siswa berkebutuhan khusus (baik fisik maupun mental). Meskipun kurikulumnya sama, guru mungkin menerapkan strategi dan metode yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, guru tidak hanya profesional dalam mengajar, tetapi juga memiliki kompetensi khusus dibandingkan mereka yang mengajar siswa normal. kompetensi yang dimaksud di sini bukanlah kompetensi profesional, pedagogi, kepribadian, atau sosial. Sebaliknya, itu adalah kompetensi spiritual di mana guru mengajar dengan hati, bukan dengan materi (uang).
Factors and Patterns Associated with Juvenile Delinquency with Reference to Juvenile Crimes in India
Authors: Abhishek Raghu , Balamurugan Janarthanan 
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study aims to examine the patterns in juvenile delinquency based on factors including age, gender, offence type, and characteristics used in NCRB reports and to comprehend the various factors that contribute to juvenile crime.

Methods: This study was done using the secondary data which was collected from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) reports in the year of 2017 to 2021 by the Government of India.

Result and discussion: The analysis of the aforementioned data reveals that there is a higher level of juvenile crimes in India especially in various states. It also shows that a significant proportion of juvenile individuals have unfortunately fallen victim to a multitude of socio-economic pressures, including poverty, inadequate parental guidance, limited access to education, and the influence of peer groups. The crime rate in India has exhibited a notable upward trend over the years, accompanied by a concerning decline in the rate of convictions.

Conclusion: The issue of juvenile delinquency necessitates focused consideration and an approach that prioritizes the well-being of children, with an emphasis on safeguarding and proactive measures to prevent their involvement in deviant behaviour.

Research Implications: The findings can have implications for policymakers and educators in the realm of pedagogy development. Additionally, it bears relevance for family members and other stakeholders who play a crucial role in fostering the comprehensive growth and development of children.
Rising Notability of Post Apocalyptic Narratives in Topical Hollywood Movies
Authors: Rajendran Saranya , Baghavandoss Evangeline Priscilla 
Published: February 2024

Objective: The following research, mapping the survival elements with reference to the survive of the characters in the identified adapted films through the lens of the post-apocalyptic genre.

Method: The researcher has identified 17 films that suit the criteria for selection and study. According to the Darwin’s theory, it provides new insight into the role of Hollywood films in dealing with catastrophes, Darwinian concepts of survival of the fittest and rebuilding of civilization. Evolved properties of human survival behavior are also focused.

Result: The research offers scope for wide responses to the theme of survival. A large number of books and films analyses the issues of survival. The protagonists are intelligent and capable men and women with leadership qualities. Survival in different complex situations is explored and can provide scope for further study. Rolf Frohlich’s views on survival instinct as a product of evolution is relevant for further study.

Conclusion: The paper concludes in the light of due analysis how the concept of survival of the fittest portrayed in multiple films can offer guidelines to follow in future pandemic outbreaks. A brief descriptive account of the portrayal in pandemic fiction and adapted films. Evolutionary perspective explaining the survival mechanism and the fight against pandemics depicted in Hollywood pandemic films.
Recycling Behavior Case of Shkodra, Albania
Authors: Bejleri Emirjeta , Memaj Gentian , Dragusha Blerta 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Urban Waste management has become a very important problem in our country. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and study recycling behavior and determine the factors/variables that influence it.

Method: Quantitative methodologies are used for this study using the questionnaire as an instrument. Various authors used the grouping of three variables of the study; situational variables, psychological variables, and environmental values. A questionnaire was created and administered in order to gather data in accordance with the literature review. A final sample of 401 people from the city of Shkodra made up the study's population. In response to the research topic, several hypotheses were created. The analysis was done using SPSS to empirically test the hypotheses.

Results: Reduction and reuse are the most effective ways to conserve natural resources, protect the environment, and save money. The more people know about recycling and start changing their behavior, the more they will benefit from waste reduction opportunities. Most individuals perceive the environment in which they live and the positive effects that come from the three Rs as very important, but unfortunately, very few of them take action. Situational variables, which are variables that involve the personal circumstances of individuals at a given point in time, influence recycling behavior. Environmental value does not affect the recycling behavior of individuals but psychological variables affect recycling behavior.

Contribution/implications: This project is only a small part of what we all should do for the environment. The sample restricted us from a more detailed study of this behavior, but it was used as a subgroup of the population that we want to generalize. Responsible institutions must pay more attention to the policy of waste management.
“Night Witch”, Warrior Maiden, Soviet Woman: The Image of a Military Pilot in the Literature of Socialist Realism (M. Chechneva <i>My Fighting Friends</i>)
Authors: Zagidulina T. A. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose. The article analyses the image of a military pilot in Soviet memoir literature. A lot of research works were devoted to the study of Soviet literature and its figurative system, but no special works have been found that focus on this character. The research material is a book of essays by M. Chechneva My Battle Friends (1968). The author used the method of mythopoetic analysis, as well as a structural-typological approach.Results. The work substantiates a typological similarity between a pilot and a warrior maiden at the characterological, gender, mythopoetic, allusive, and nominative levels. The study revealed significant elements of the image of a military pilot and associated motives – revenge, delayed marriage. These motifs refer to the inherent gender inversion in such plots, highlight the masculinity of the heroines, a characteristic of the type of female warrior. The image under the study is intertextually connected with Russian epic heroines, which allows us to talk about the traditional nature of the type itself. The semantics of the nomination “night witches” is also analyzed, which paradoxically takes on positive connotations. In addition, specific socialist realist layers were found in the model under consideration – the heroines are characterized by such qualities as discipline, rigor, and calmness.Conclusion. The image of a military pilot fits into the paradigm of the warrior maiden type, but has some peculiarities. This is due to the artistic method within which the author of the essays worked, as well as to the time of writing the works.
The Image of the Married Woman in Portuguese, Spanish and Russian Proverbs in the Light of Medieval Christian Ethics
Authors: Arsentieva N. , Díaz Ferrero A. M. , Quero Gervilla E. F. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose. To examine the portrayal of women in matrimonial contexts through an analysis of 437 proverbs originating from Portuguese, Spanish, and Russian traditions. This study aims to explore how these sayings mirror the cultural, societal, and religious beliefs surrounding women's roles in the institution of marriage.Results. The study found that the image of women in marriage within these proverbs is consistent across the cultures studied. It highlighted that while the Christian Church promotes chastity, it also endorses marriage to combat sexual promiscuity. Similarities were identified between Southern European and Russian proverbs regarding the spiritual foundation of Christian marriage, the nature of spousal relationships, and the expected qualities of a wife and mother.Conclusion. Proverbs serve as a cultural repository, mirroring traditions and values shaped by historical and literary influences. The proverbs perpetuate the religious and moral ideals of the Catholic and Orthodox Churches, particularly the patriarchal view of marriage. This view enforces a hierarchy within marriage, with the wife subordinated to the husband, who is seen as her spiritual guide and the determinant of roles and responsibilities in the family and the broader society.