bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NGC 2403 XMM4: evidence for a super-Eddington neutron star with a possible transient pulsation
Authors: Luangtip Wasutep , Roberts Timothy P 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a study of the X-ray source NGC 2403 XMM4 (4XMM J073702.2+653934) based on 20 yr of archival observations with XMM–Newton, Chandra, Swift, and NuSTAR. Although it has previously been classified as an ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX), we show that its luminosity rarely, if ever, passes the $10^{39} \rm \, erg \, s^{-1}$ threshold luminosity for a ULX. It does, however, behave very similarly to ULXs, with its 0.3–10 keV spectra well described by two thermal components, the softer of which behaves consistently with the expectations for an advection-dominated disc (L ∝ T1.49±0.85), and we find tentative evidence for an extra spectral component above 10 keV. We also find moderately significant evidence for an absorption feature in one spectrum that could originate in an outflowing wind, although a cyclotron resonance scattering feature is also a possibility. Most intriguingly, we find a possible transient pulsation at ∼3.32 Hz in a short segment of one observation using an accelerated pulsation search. This evidence suggests that NGC 2403 XMM4 is displaying many of the hallmarks of super-Eddington accretion at luminosities in the range $5 \!-\! 10 \times 10^{38} \rm \, erg \, s^{-1}$ that, when considered alongside the putative pulsation, points to the presence of a neutron star as the accreting object this system.
Gamma-ray blazar classification using machine learning with advanced weight initialization and self-supervised learning techniques
Authors: Bhatta Gopal , Gharat Sarvesh , Borthakur Abhimanyu , Kumar Aman 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of gamma-ray astrophysics. The algorithms can distinguish between different source types, such as blazars and pulsars, and help uncover new insights into the high-energy universe. The Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi gamma-ray telescope has significantly advanced our understanding of the Universe. The instrument has detected a large number of gamma-ray-emitting sources, among which a significant number of objects have been identified as active galactic nuclei. The sample is primarily composed of blazars; however, more than one-third of these sources are either of an unknown class or lack a definite association with a low-energy counterpart. In this work, we employ multiple machine learning algorithms to classify the sources based on their other physical properties. In particular, we utilized smart initialization techniques and self-supervised learning for classifying blazars into BL Lacertae (BL Lac, also BLL) objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs). The core advantage of the algorithm is its simplicity, usage of minimum number of features and easy deployment due to lesser number of parameters without compromising on the performance along with increase in inference speed (at least seven times more than existing algorithms). As a result, the best-performing model is deployed on multiple platforms so that any user irrespective of their coding background can use the tool. The model predicts that out of the 1115 sources of uncertain type in the 4FGL-DR3 catalogue, 820 can be classified as BL Lacs and 295 can be classified as FSRQs.
Reflection physics in X-ray-emitting symbiotic stars
Authors: Toalá Jesús A 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
X-ray-emitting symbiotic stars exhibit a variety of spectral shapes classified as α, β, γ, δ, and β/δ types, which have been attributed to different phenomena such as thermonuclear burning on the surface of the white dwarf component, shocks between winds and jets with the red giant companion’s extended atmosphere, the presence of heavily extinguished hot plasma from the inner region from an accretion disc, and/or a combination of these. However, there is observational evidence that this classification scheme is not definite and, for example, some sources change from one type to another within months or years. In this work, it is proposed that a simple disc-like model can be used to explain the X-ray properties observed from reflection-dominated symbiotic stars. For this purpose, we use the Stellar Kinematics Including Radiative Transfer (skirt) code, which has been recently upgraded to include radiative transfer from X-ray photons. It is found that the properties of the accretion disc (geometry and density) in combination with the viewing angle can be invoked to explain the spectral properties of β, δ, and β/δ X-ray-emitting symbiotic stars. Spectral variations and type swaps observed for some X-ray-emitting sources can also be explained by variations in the disc properties.
Music Therapy Educators’ Perspectives on Practica Community Partnerships
Authors: Broder Shelly R Z , Fugita Lily 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Music therapy educators are tasked by the American Music Therapy Association with creating practica placements for students. However, open-ended instructions result in many differing structures of placements and no formal guidelines or codifying supports for educators working with community partners. The purpose of this descriptive survey study was to provide an understanding of music therapy educators’ perspectives on successful and challenging elements of community partnerships and evaluative factors educators use when creating, monitoring, or discontinuing practica placements. Of the 139 participants, 100 currently teach or previously taught music therapy, and their quantitative and qualitative responses were included in data analysis. Educators perceived relational elements of partnerships as greater contributors to success than logistical elements. They identified pro-active and consistent communication (23.69%, n = 59), commitment to the partnership (18.07%, n = 45), and partners’ perception of students providing meaningful services (18.07%, n = 45) as necessary to successful partnerships. The most prominent challenging element was partners who did not value or understand music therapy. However, only 2.9% of educators (n = 2) indicated teaching partners about music therapy and its benefits as a part of their processes for establishing and monitoring community partnerships. The recognition that education and advocacy of music therapy play an underlying role in practica relationships can help guide educators toward more successful partnerships. Recommended future research should include perspectives of community partners and students on practica relationships.
N-Nitrosodimethylamine investigations in Muta™Mouse define point-of-departure values and demonstrate less-than-additive somatic mutant frequency accumulations
Authors: Lynch Anthony M , Howe Jonathan , Hildebrand Deon , Harvey James S , Burman Mark , Harte Danielle S G , Chen Liangfu , Kmett Casey , Shi Wei , McHugh Charles F , Patel Kinnari K , Junnotula Venkat , Kenny Julia , Haworth Richard , Wills John W 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The N-nitrosamine, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), is an environmental mutagen and rodent carcinogen. Small levels of NDMA have been identified as an impurity in some commonly used drugs, resulting in several product recalls. In this study, NDMA was evaluated in an OECD TG-488 compliant Muta™Mouse gene mutation assay (28-day oral dosing across seven daily doses of 0.02-4 mg/kg/day) using an integrated design that assessed mutation at the transgenic lacZ locus in various tissues and at the endogenous Pig-a gene-locus, along with micronucleus frequencies in peripheral blood. Liver pathology was determined together with NDMA exposure in blood and liver. The additivity of mutation induction was assessed by including two acute single-dose treatment groups (i.e. 5 and 10 mg/kg dose on Day 1), which represented the same total dose as two of the repeat dose treatment groups. NDMA did not induce statistically significant increases in mean lacZ mutant frequency (MF) in bone marrow, spleen, bladder, or stomach, nor in peripheral blood (Pig-a mutation or micronucleus induction) when tested up to 4 mg/kg/day. There were dose-dependent increases in mean lacZ MF in the liver, lung, and kidney following 28-day repeat dosing or in the liver and kidney after a single dose (10 mg/kg). No observed genotoxic effect levels (NOGEL) were determined for the positive repeat dose–response relationships. Mutagenicity did not exhibit simple additivity in the liver since there was a reduction in MF following NDMA repeat dosing compared with acute dosing for the same total dose. Benchmark dose modelling was used to estimate point of departure doses for NDMA mutagenicity in Muta™Mouse and rank order target organ tissue sensitivity (liver &gt; kidney or lung). The BMD50 value for liver was 0.32 mg/kg/day following repeat dosing (confidence interval 0.21–0.46 mg/kg/day). In addition, liver toxicity was observed at doses of ≥ 1.1 mg/kg/day NDMA and correlated with systemic and target organ exposure. The integration of these results and their implications for risk assessment are discussed.
Beyond Empathy: Familial Incarceration, Stress Proliferation, and Depressive Symptoms Among African Americans
Authors: Smith Nicholas C , Coleman Max E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Women tend to be more vulnerable to the adverse psychological effects of “network events” (stressors that occur to loved ones). The cost-of-caring hypothesis is regarded as the primary mechanism for this vulnerability and posits that women’s relatively high level of emotional involvement in the lives of network members causes women to experience greater empathetic reactions when loved ones encounter stressors. Drawing on the stress process model, gender theory, and research on the collateral consequences of incarceration, we theorize stress proliferation, the process by which an initial stressor induces secondary stressors, as an additional mechanism and empirically test our theoretical propositions using the case of African Americans with an incarcerated family member. Using data from the National Survey of American Life, we ask: are African American women more vulnerable to the depressive effects of familial incarceration compared to African American men? If so, to what extent might African American women’s heightened vulnerability be explained by their greater susceptibility to stress proliferation? Results suggest that familial incarceration is associated with greater chronic strains, financial strain, and family conflict only among African American women. Further, the magnitude of the association between familial incarceration and depressive symptoms is significantly larger among African American women; however, after adjusting for stress proliferation variables, the gender difference in vulnerability attenuates and becomes statistically nonsignificant. We conclude that the emotional cost of caring may be compounded by social and economic costs of caregiving, heightening women’s vulnerability to depression following disruptive network events.
Human iPSC-Based Model of COPD to Investigate Disease Mechanisms, Predict SARS-COV-2 Outcome, and Test Preventive Immunotherapy
Authors: Dagher Rania , Moldobaeva Aigul , Gubbins Elise , Clark Sydney , Madel Alfajaro Mia , Wilen Craig B , Hawkins Finn , Qu Xiaotao , Chien Chiang Chia , Li Yang , Clarke Lori , Ikeda Yasuhiro , Brown Charles , Kolbeck Roland , Ma Qin , Rojas Mauricio , Koff Jonathan L , Ghaedi Mahboobe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chronic inflammation and dysregulated repair mechanisms after epithelial damage have been implicated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the lack of ex vivo-models that accurately reflect multicellular lung tissue hinders our understanding of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in COPD. Through a combination of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches applied to a sophisticated in vitro iPSC-alveolosphere with fibroblasts model, epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk was explored in COPD and following SARS-CoV-2 infection. These experiments profiled dynamic changes at single-cell level of the SARS-CoV-2-infected alveolar niche that unveiled the complexity of aberrant inflammatory responses, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death in COPD, which provides deeper insights into the accentuated tissue damage/inflammation/remodeling observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Importantly, this 3D system allowed for the evaluation of ACE2-neutralizing antibodies and confirmed the potency of this therapy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in the alveolar niche. Thus, iPSC-alveolosphere cultured with fibroblasts provides a promising model to investigate disease-specific mechanisms and to develop novel therapeutics.
Preclinical cardiovascular safety assessment of pharmacology-toxicology relationship for a set of novel kinase inhibitors
Authors: Koshman Yevgeniya E , Kohnken Rebecca , Logan Michael R , Mittelstadt Scott W , Foley C Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cardiovascular toxicity is one of the more common causes of attrition in preclinical and clinical drug development. Preclinical cardiovascular safety assessment involves numerous in vitro and in vivo endpoints which are being continually reviewed and improved to lower the incidence of cardiovascular toxicity that manifests only after the initiation of clinical trials. An example of notable preclinical toxicity is necrosis in the papillary muscle of the left ventricle in dogs that is induced by exaggerated pharmacological effects of vasodilators or positive inotropic/vasodilating off-target drug effects. Two distinct, small-molecule inhibitors that target an intracellular kinase, Compound A and Compound B, were profiled in 2-week dose-range finding and 4-week toxicity studies. Serum cardiac troponin (cTnI) was evaluated after a single dose and after 2-week and 4-week repeat dose studies with each kinase inhibitor. Acute effects on hemodynamic (heart rate, blood pressures, left ventricular contractility) and electrocardiographic (QTcV, PR, QRS intervals) endpoints by each inhibitor were assessed in an anesthetized dog cardiovascular model. Cardiovascular degeneration/necrosis with and without fibrosis was observed in dogs and correlated to increases in serum cTnI in repeat-dose toxicity studies. At the same doses used in toxicologic assessments, both kinase inhibitors produced sustained increases in heart rate, left ventricular contractility, and cardiac output, and decreases in mean arterial pressure. Cardiac pathology findings associated with these 2 kinase inhibitors were accompanied not only by cardiac troponin elevations but also associated with hemodynamic changes, highlighting the importance of the link of the physiologic—toxicologic interplay in cardiovascular safety assessment.
New clades of viruses infecting the obligatory biotroph Bremia lactucae representing distinct evolutionary trajectory for viruses infecting oomycetes
Authors: Forgia Marco , Daghino Stefania , Chiapello Marco , Ciuffo Marina , Turina Massimo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recent advances in high throughput sequencing (HTS) approaches allowed a broad exploration of viromes from different fungal hosts, unveiling a great diversity of mycoviruses with interesting evolutionary features. The word mycovirus historically applies also to viruses infecting oomycetes but most studies are on viruses infecting fungi, with less mycoviruses found and characterized in oomycetes, particularly in the obligatory biotrophs. We, here, describe the first virome associated to Bremia lactucae, the causal agent of lettuce downy mildew, which is an important biotrophic pathogen for lettuce production and a model system for the molecular aspects of the plant-oomycetes interactions. Among the identified viruses, we could detect (1) two new negative sense ssRNA viruses related to the yueviruses, (2) the first example of permuted RdRp in a virus infecting fungi/oomycetes, (3) a new group of bipartite dsRNA viruses showing evidence of recent bi-segmentation and concomitantly, a possible duplication event bringing a bipartite genome to tripartite, (4) a first representative of a clade of viruses with evidence of recombination between distantly related viruses, (5) a new open reading frame (ORF)an virus encoding for an RdRp with low homology to known RNA viruses, and (6) a new virus, belonging to riboviria but not conserved enough to provide a conclusive phylogenetic placement that shows evidence of a recombination event between a kitrinoviricota-like and a pisuviricota-like sequence. The results obtained show a great diversity of viruses and evolutionary mechanisms previously unreported for oomycetes-infecting viruses, supporting the existence of a large diversity of oomycetes-specific viral clades ancestral of many fungal and insect virus clades.
GRP/GRPR enhances alcohol-associated liver injury through the IRF1-mediated Caspase-1 inflammasome and NOX2-dependent ROS pathway
Authors: Li Haidi , Chen Xin , Xu Jiejie , Zhu Lin , Li Chao , Sun Xiaolong , Li Xiaofeng , Guo Jianbo , Li Juanjuan , Wang Sheng , He Yong , Wang Hua , Huang Cheng , Meng Xiao-ming , Li Jun 
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims:
The common characteristics of alcohol-associated liver injury (ALI) include abnormal liver function, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and generation of oxidative stress. The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is activated by its neuropeptide ligand, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP). GRP/GRPR appears to induce the production of cytokines in immune cells and promotes neutrophil migration. However, the effects of GRP/GRPR in ALI are unknown.

Approach and Results:
We found high GRPR expression in the liver of patients with alcohol-associated steatohepatitis and increased pro-GRP levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of these patients compared with that of the control. Increased expression of GRP may be associated with histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation induced by alcohol, which promotes the expression of GRP and then GRPR binding. Grpr
-/- and Grpr

flox/flox

LysM

Cre
mice alleviated ethanol-induced liver injury with relieved steatosis, lower serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerides, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase levels, reduced neutrophil influx, and decreased expression and release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Conversely, the overexpression of GRPR showed opposite effects. The pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress roles of GRPR might be dependent on IRF1-mediated Caspase-1 inflammasome and NOX2-dependent reactive oxygen species pathway, respectively. In addition, we verified the therapeutic and preventive effects of RH-1402, a novel GRPR antagonist, for ALI.

Conclusions:
A knockout or antagonist of GRPR during excess alcohol intake could have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative roles, as well as provide a platform for histone modification-based therapy for ALI.
Do crude oil, gold and the US dollar contribute to Bitcoin investment decisions? An ANN-DCC-GARCH approach
Authors: Liu Yadong , Naktnasukanjn Nathee , Tamprasirt Anukul , Rattanadamrongaksorn Tanarat 
Published: January 2024

PurposeBitcoin (BTC) is significantly correlated with global financial assets such as crude oil, gold and the US dollar. BTC and global financial assets have become more closely related, particularly since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to formulate BTC investment decisions with the aid of global financial assets.Design/methodology/approachThis study suggests a more accurate prediction model for BTC trading by combining the dynamic conditional correlation generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (DCC-GARCH) model with the artificial neural network (ANN). The DCC-GARCH model offers significant input information, including dynamic correlation and volatility, to the ANN. To analyze the data effectively, the study divides it into two periods: before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Each period is then further divided into a training set and a prediction set.FindingsThe empirical results show that BTC and gold have the highest positive correlation compared with crude oil and the USD, while BTC and the USD have a dynamic and negative correlation. More importantly, the ANN-DCC-GARCH model had a cumulative return of 318% before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and can decrease loss by 50% during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the risk-averse can turn a loss into a profit of about 20% in 2022.Originality/valueThe empirical analysis provides technical support and decision-making reference for investors and financial institutions to make investment decisions on BTC.
The role of mindfulness and self-compassion to ameliorate COVID-19 phobia in frontline employees associated with the Indian services sectors: an empirical analysis
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Arora Ridhi , Panda Tapan Kumar 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis research aims to study the effects of mindfulness and self-compassion in addressing COVID-19 phobia issues. To date, not a single study has examined the influence of these constructs on COVID-19 phobia amongst frontline employees (FLEs) in the services sector. In this context, the present study examined the association between FLE’s trait mindfulness and COVID-19 phobia and the mediating effect of self-compassion on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using 335 FLEs working in the Indian services sector, and the analysis was undertaken using the PROCESS macro of Hayes (2018).FindingsFLE's trait mindfulness was found to influence COVID-19 phobia negatively, and the mediation role of self-compassion was also noted. Findings for the COVID-19 phobia composite and its four facets are discussed.Practical implicationsCorporate leaders could encourage mindfulness and self-compassion training helping in buffering the negative issues associated with COVID-19 phobia among FLEs.Originality/valueIt is one of the few studies conducted in the South-Asian context that highlights how mindfulness can help enhance self-compassion among frontline service sector employees while guiding them to overcome COVID-19 phobia. This could be the first study to examine the mediating effects of self-compassion in the relationships between mindfulness and COVID-19 phobia.
Academic mothers and the practice of embodied care: navigating and resisting uncaring structures in the neoliberal academy
Authors: Pecis Lara , Touboulic Anne 
Published: January 2024

PurposeRecent research has captured the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in widening gender inequalities, by highlighting that academic women have been disproportionately affected. During the COVID-19 pandemic, women assumed most of the care labour at home, whilst working at normal patterns, leaving them unable to perform as normal. This is very concerning because of the short and long-term detrimental consequences this will have on women’s well-being and their academic careers. This article aims to stimulate a change in the current understandings of academic work by pointing towards alternative – and more inclusive – ways of working in academia.Design/methodology/approachThe two authors engage with autoethnography and draw on their own personal experience of becoming breastfeeding academic mothers throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.FindingsTo understand the positioning of contemporary academic mothers, this study draws on insights from both cultural studies and organisation studies on the emergence of discursive formations about gender, that is “postfeminist sensibility”. Guided by autoethnographic accounts of academic motherhood, this study reveals that today academia creates an individualised, neutral (disembodied), output-focused and control-oriented understanding of academic work.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the conversation of academic motherhood and the impact of the pandemic on working mothers. The study theoretically contributes with the lens of “motherhood” in grasping what academic work can become. It shows the power of motherhood in opening up an alternative way of conceptualising academic work, centred on embodied care and appreciative of the non-linearity and messiness of life.