bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendations for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in primary care: study protocol for a systematic guideline review
Authors: Schürmann Lara , Bredehorst Maren , González-González Ana I , Muth Christiane , van der Wardt Veronika , Puzhko Svetlana , Haasenritter Joerg 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) was the main cause of death in Germany in 2021, with major risk factors (ie, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, obesity and certain lifestyle factors) being highly prevalent. Preventing ASCVD by assessment and modification of these risk factors is an important challenge for general practitioners. This study aims to systematically review and synthesise recent recommendations of national and international guidelines regarding the primary prevention of ASCVD in adults in primary care.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to evaluate primary prevention strategies for ASCVD. CPGs will be retrieved from MEDLINE and the Turning Research Into Practice database, guideline-specific databases and websites of guidelines-producing societies, with searches limited to publications from 2016 onwards. We will include CPGs in English, Spanish, German or Dutch languages that provide evidence-based recommendations for ASCVD prevention. The study population will include adults without diagnosed ASCVD. Two independent reviewers will assess guideline eligibility and quality by means of the mini-checklist MiChe, and extract study characteristics and relevant recommendations for further consistency analysis. A third reviewer will resolve disagreements. Findings will be presented as a narrative synthesis and in tabular form.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not require ethical approval. Our systematic review will inform the CPG of the German College of General Practitioners and Family Physicians on the primary prevention of ASCVD. The review results will also be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at local, national and international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023394605.
Mhealth tools for community-based infectious disease surveillance in Africa: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Aku Fortress Yayra , Amuasi John Humphrey , Debrah Linda Batsa , Opoku Daniel , Gmanyami Jonathan Mawutor , Hoerauf Achim , Debrah Alexander Yaw , Quentin Wilm 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionCountries in the WHO’s African region have found community-based surveillance useful in ensuring the effectiveness of the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response strategy. This approach encourages community participation in the surveillance system, in addition to early detection of outbreaks and other health threats. Thus, advancements in mobile health have the potential to improve community-based surveillance in Africa. The purpose of this review is to map evidence on available mhealth tools for community-based infectious disease surveillance in Africa.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will follow a mixed-methods approach in line with the framework of Arksey and O’Malley amended by Levac and colleagues and the Joanna Briggs Institute. To retrieve published literature, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google databases will be explored. Websites of organisations involved in surveillance activities across the African region will also be explored. Authors will be interested in published literature between 2000 and 2022 in any language. The primary investigator and a second author will independently review the retrieved titles according to the inclusion criteria, while a third reviewer will resolve conflicts that may arise. The review will map evidence according to the key concepts (mhealth, community-based surveillance and Africa) to inform stakeholders and mhealth designers on best practices to adopt involving mhealth approaches at the community level and mhealth tool designs, respectively. Results following the review will be presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: Extension for Scoping Review Guidelines.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for scoping reviews as it does not involve the use of human subjects. This review is the first phase in an overall project on digital health. The findings of the review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at suitable forums and conferences.
What do older people who have attempted suicide experience? Study protocol for a qualitative meta-synthesis among older adults, family caregivers and healthcare professionals
Authors: Sunzi Kejimu , Luo Hui , Li Yadi , Zhou Xin , Lei Cheng 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionAttempted suicide among older adults represents a significant mental health concern that has witnessed a rising incidence within this demographic in recent years. Research indicates that attempted suicide among the older population serves as a primary risk factor for completed suicide. Consequently, the objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the prevailing factors that influence suicide attempts among older adults, thereby offering evidence to guide healthcare professionals in designing targeted interventions.Methods and analysisThis study will adhere to the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. We will synthesise qualitative studies using a comprehensive and inclusive bibliographic search strategy. The following databases will be searched: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library. The quality of the articles will be assessed using the 10-item Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. At the same time, data extraction will be performed using the Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument data extraction form proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute for Evidence-Based Practice. The synthesis of findings will adhere to the principles and procedures of Thomas and Hardens' three-stage thematic synthesis approach.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required for this study, as it solely encompasses data derived from previously published research. The findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Moreover, the results will be presented at relevant academic conferences to guarantee that the study’s outcomes reach pertinent stakeholders. This protocol is registered with the PROSPERO prospective database for systematic review.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023408385.
Protocol for a prospective cohort study on the feasibility of application of nutritional ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with nutritional risk at hospital discharge: study on body composition and function (DRECO)
Authors: García Almeida José Manuel , Bellido Diego , De Luis Daniel , Guzmán Rolo Germán , Olveira Gabriel 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionNutritional ultrasound (US) is an emerging technique in clinical nutrition for the morphological and structural study of muscle mass. Currently, all definitions of malnutrition include the measurement of muscle mass; however, there is no single way to assess it. It is necessary to develop new techniques to identify muscle involvement in malnutrition that are valid, standardised, reliable, accurate and profitable.ObjectiveTo value the new muscle US techniques aimed to measure muscle and functional status, to make a more accurate diagnosis and a better prediction of complications and morbidity and mortality in patients at nutritional risk. Primary outcome: to assess the feasibility of US or muscle US techniques in both nutritional diagnosis and follow-up in a nutritional intervention programme.Methods and analysisDisease-Related caloric-protein malnutrition EChOgraphy (DRECO) is a prospective, multicentre (25 Spanish hospitals), uncontrolled clinical study in standard clinical practice to value the usefulness of nutritional US (muscle US) in the nutritional diagnosis and follow-up, over 3–6 months, after standard nutritional clinical practice intervention and physical activity, to control their disease-related malnutrition. 1000 patients are expected to be included in.DiscussionThis study will standardise nutritional US measures. It will validate and define specific cut-off values for nutritional US and correlate it with already well-known nutritional tools such as Subjective Global Assessment or Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria. Thus, muscle US will become not only a tool to diagnose malnutrition, but it will also be integrated in the daily practice to evaluate nutritional interventions.Ethics and disseminationAll DRECO study materials have been approved by each of the IRB/IEC of all the sites enrolled (either approval of the own IRB/IEC or validating the approval of the IRB/IEC of another hospital). The study has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, on 27 June 2022. The results from this study will be presented at scientific conferences and in peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT05433831.
Risk of atrial fibrillation and association with other diseases: protocol of the derivation and international external validation of a prediction model using nationwide population-based electronic health records
Authors: Nadarajah Ramesh , Wu Jianhua , Arbel Ronen , Haim Moti , Zahger Doron , Benita Talish Razi , Rokach Lior , Cowan J Campbell , Gale Chris P 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a major public health issue and there is rationale for the early diagnosis of AF before the first complication occurs. Previous AF screening research is limited by low yields of new cases and strokes prevented in the screened populations. For AF screening to be clinically and cost-effective, the efficiency of identification of newly diagnosed AF needs to be improved and the intervention offered may have to extend beyond oral anticoagulation for stroke prophylaxis. Previous prediction models for incident AF have been limited by their data sources and methodologies.Methods and analysisWe will investigate the application of random forest and multivariable logistic regression to predict incident AF within a 6-month prediction horizon, that is, a time-window consistent with conducting investigation for AF. The Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)-GOLD dataset will be used for derivation, and the Clalit Health Services (CHS) dataset will be used for international external geographical validation. Analyses will include metrics of prediction performance and clinical utility. We will create Kaplan-Meier plots for individuals identified as higher and lower predicted risk of AF and derive the cumulative incidence rate for non-AF cardio-renal-metabolic diseases and death over the longer term to establish how predicted AF risk is associated with a range of new non-AF disease states.Ethics and disseminationPermission for CPRD-GOLD was obtained from CPRD (ref no: 19_076). The CPRD ethical approval committee approved the study. CHS Helsinki committee approval 21-0169 and data usage committee approval 901. The results will be submitted as a research paper for publication to a peer-reviewed journal and presented at peer-reviewed conferences.Trial registration numberA systematic review to guide the overall project was registered on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42021245093). The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05837364).
Prevalence of mental disorders and high rates of absenteeism from work among healthcare professionals in Slovenia: a retrospective study
Authors: Korošec Darja , Vrbnjak Dominika , Štiglic Gregor 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of mental disorders and the higher rates of absenteeism from work among healthcare workers employed in Slovenia by analysing the prevalence of sick leave and medication prescriptions for treatment of mental health and behavioural disorders from 2015 to 2020.DesignRetrospective analysis of nationwide data on absenteeism and prescription of medications for treatment of mental health and behavioural disorders (anxiolytics, antipsychotics, antidepressants).SettingNational databases of the National Institute of Public Health in Slovenia.ParticipantsAll employed healthcare workers (35 008 in December 2020): dentists, midwives, nurses, nursing assistants, pharmacists and physicians in Slovenia from 2015 to 2020.ResultsThe most time spent on sick leave by male healthcare workers aged >50 was for ‘neoplasms’ (71.50 days on average), followed by ‘mental health and behavioural disorders’ (62.08 days on average). Female healthcare workers under 40 years old spent the most time on sick leave for ‘pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (puerperium)’, causing an average of 58.38 days of sick leave. From 2015 to 2020, the highest increase in prescribed medications for treatment of mental health and behavioural disorders was among nursing assistants (an increase of 38.42%), pharmacists (an increase of 29.36%) and nurses (an increase of 26.61%); since the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase of 12.36% was found among dentists, an increase of 11.51% among pharmacists and an increase of 11.36% among nurses.ConclusionThe prescription of medications for treatment of mental health and behavioural disorders was on the rise from 2015 to 2020. The importance of employee health to individuals and society necessitates the systematisation of effective prevention programmes as well as programmes to assist those in need, especially health workers, whose work contributes significantly to maintaining public health.
What should be measured and reported in clinical trials for the treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis? A study protocol for establishing a core outcome set
Authors: Shen Yuxin , Hu Chen , Li Ling , Chen Zhiyao , Chen Weiwei , Lin Ziqi , Zhu Ping , Tan Qingyuan , Huang Wei , Sun Xin , Deng Lihui , Xia Qing 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionAcute pancreatitis (AP) is characterised by inflammation of the exocrine pancreas, which potentially leads to local complications and organ failure resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. A long-term follow-up by an experienced team is needed. Currently, a variety of outcome measures are used in clinical trials for patients with AP. However, due to heterogeneous and selective outcome reporting across trials of interventions, it is hard to combine or compare the trial results compromising systematic evaluations of effectiveness and safety. A core outcome set is demanded to standardise reporting for the management of AP in clinical trials, so as to conduct systematic reviews and to improve the quality of the existing evidence base on the management of AP. We designed a study to establish a core outcome set (COS) on what indicators should be measured and reported in clinical trials of patients with AP (COS-AP).Methods and analysisThis study protocol outlines the following five phases: Phase I will be a systematic review of randomised control trials and semistructured interviews with patients to initially establish a preliminary list of potential outcomes. Phase II will be the recruitment of key stakeholders’ groups comprising experts in pancreatic disease, clinical researchers, methodologists, journal editors and patients. Phase III will be two rounds of the Delphi surveys with key stakeholder groups. Phase IV will be a consensus on the outcomes that should be included in a final COS-AP. Phase V will be dissemination of COS-AP.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this study was obtained from the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (BREC) of West China Hospital of Sichuan University (2020 No.691). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and meetings.Trial registrationThis study was registered with Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) database as study 2573.
Application of ventilator-associated events (VAE) in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) notified in Brazil (IMPACTO MR-PAV): a protocol for a cohort study
Authors: Nascimento Giovanna Marssola , Gomes Rodrigues Daniela Laranja , Mangas Catarino Daniela Ghidetti , Piastrelli Filipe Teixeira , Cheno Maysa Yukari , Braz Katia Cristina Camonda , Oliveira Alves Lucas Bassolli , Avezum Álvaro , Veiga Viviane C , Zavascki Alexandre Prehn , Tomazini Bruno , Besen Bruno , Pereira Adriano José , Marques de Pinho Ana Paula Neves , De Oliveira Junior Haliton Alves 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionCertain criteria for ventilator-associated events (VAE) definition might influence the type of an event, its detection rate and consequently the resource expenditure in intensive care unit. TheImpact of Infections by Antimicrobial-Resistant Microorganisms - Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia(IMPACTO MR-PAV) aims to evaluate the incidence and diagnostic accuracy of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) using the current criteria for VAP surveillance in Brazil versus the VAE criteria defined by the US National Healthcare Safety Network-Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria.Methods and analysisThe study will be conducted in around 15 centres across Brazil from October 2022 to December 2023. Trained healthcare professionals will collect data and compare the incidence of VAP using both the current criteria for VAP surveillance in Brazil and the VAE criteria defined by the CDC. The accuracy of the two criteria for identifying VAP will also be analysed. It will also characterise other events associated with mechanical ventilation (ventilator-associated condition, infection-related ventilator-associated complication) and adjudicate VAP reported to the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) using current epidemiological diagnostic criteria.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board under the number 52354721.0.1001.0070. The study’s primary outcome measure will be the incidence of VAP using the two different surveillance criteria, and the secondary outcome measures will be the accuracy of the two criteria for identifying VAP and the adjudication of VAP reported to ANVISA. The results will contribute to the improvement of VAP surveillance in Brazil and may have implications for other countries that use similar criteria.Trial registration numberNCT05589727; Clinicaltrials.gov.
Key performance indicators in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Tisminetzky Manuel , Nepomuceno Roman , Kung Janice Y , Singh Gurmeet , Parhar Ken Kuljit Singh , Bagshaw Sean M , Fan Eddy , Rewa Oleksa 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an intervention used in critically ill patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure that is expensive and resource intensive and requires specialised care. There remains a significant practice variation in its application. This systematic review will assess the evidence for key performance indicators (KPIs) in ECMO.Methods and analysisWe will search Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and the Cochrane Library including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and databases from the National Information Center of Health Services Research and Health Care Technology, for studies involving KPIs in ECMO. We will rate methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be evaluated with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and qualitative studies will be evaluated using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN checklist). Grey literature sources will be searched for technical reports, practice guidelines and conference proceedings. We will identify relevant organisations, industry leaders and non-profit organisations that represent key opinion leads in the use of ECMO. We will search the Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality National Quality Measures Clearinghouse for ECMO-related KPIs. Studies will be included if they contain quality measures that occur in critically ill patients and are associated with ECMO. The analysis will be primarily descriptive. Each KPI will be evaluated for importance, scientific acceptability, utility and feasibility using the four criteria proposed by the US Strategic Framework Board for a National Quality Measurement and Reporting System. Finally, KPIs will be evaluated for their potential operational characteristics, their potential to be integrated into electronic medical records and their affordability, if applicable.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as no primary data will be collected. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at academic.PROSPERO registration number9 August 2022. CRD42022349910.
Effect of percutaneous cerebral oximetry-guided anaesthetic management on postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: study protocol for a single-centre prospective randomised controlled trial in a tertiary academic hospital in China
Authors: Tian Lijuan , Wang Hongbai , Jia Yuan , Jin Lei , Zhou Chenghui , Zhou Hongyan , Yuan Su 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPostoperative delirium is a prominent and clinically important complication in older adults after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, resulting in prolonged hospital stay, long-term cognitive impairment and increased morbidity and mortality. Many studies have shown that cerebral desaturation is associated with increased risk of postoperative delirium during on-pump cardiac surgery. However, few studies have focused on the effect of optimising regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) on postoperative delirium during off-pump CABG. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether intraoperative anaesthetic management based on percutaneous cerebral oximetry monitoring decreases the incidence of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing off-pump CABG.MethodsThis single-centre randomised controlled trial will randomly assign 200 patients to the intervention group or the control group at a ratio of 1:1. The patients in the intervention group will be observed by percutaneous cerebral oximetry monitoring that the desaturation (a drop of more than 20% from baseline value or rSO2less than 55% for >60 consecutive seconds at either probe) during the procedure triggered the intervention strategies, while the cerebral oximetry data of the control group will be hidden from the clinical team and patients will be anaesthetised by the usual anaesthetic management. The primary outcome will be the incidence of postoperative delirium during the first 7 days after off-pump CABG. Delirium will be comprehensively evaluated by the combination of the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale and the Confusion Assessment Method for the intensive care unit. The secondary outcomes will include the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury and myocardial infarction during the hospital stay, as well as the intensive care unit and hospital length of stay.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuwai Hospital (No 2022–1824). Written informed consent will be obtained from each patient or their legal representatives before enrolment. The results of this trial will be published in an international peer-reviewed scientific journal.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300068537.