bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystallographic, Electric and Optical Analysis of Cs1+ Doped H3PW12O40 Nanocrystalline Thin Films Deposited by Microwave Assisted Chemical Bath Deposition Method
Authors: Patil Prashant B. , Patil Bajarang B. , Shinde Tukaram J. , Mane Sambhaji R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe polyoxometalates like phosphotungstic acid (PTA) (H3PW12O40) and Cesium (Cs+) doped phosphotungstic acid (Cs‐PTA) (Cs3‐PW12O40) nanocrystalline thin films were effectively deposited by microwave assisted chemical bath deposition (MA‐CBD) technique. The structural characterization of microwave aided H3PW12O40 and Cs3‐PW12O40 thin films were done by Thermo gravimetric (TG) and Differential thermal analysis (DTA) techniques, X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDAX). The TGDTA analysis revealed that the complete decomposition process of Cs‐PTA compound is carried out at 600 °C and which is comparatively lower than that of other chemical method. The X‐ray diffractogram confirms the polycrystalline nature of the synthesized H3PW12O40 and Cs3‐PW12O40 thin films having spinel cubic crystal structure. The lattice parameter of H3PW12O40 and Cs3‐PW12O40 compound found to be in the range of 11.34 Å to 11.46 Å. The main absorption peaks observed nearly 800, 1000 and 1100 cm−1 confirms the formation of H3PW12O40 and Cs3‐PW12O40 materials. The porous structure of nanocrystalline spherical grains morphology of H3PW12O40 and Cs3‐PW12O40 films were confirmed from SEM analysis. An appropriate peaks of metal ions like P, W, O and Cs observed in EDAX spectra shows the stoichiometric formation of H3PW12O40 and Cs3‐PW12O40 thin films.
Low‐cost porous carbon materials prepared from peanut red peels for novel zinc‐ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Sun Zhichao , Jiao Xinyu , Chu Siyu , Li Zijiong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractZinc‐ion hybrid capacitors combine the advantages of supercapacitors and batteries and are a promising electrochemical energy storage device. In order to meet the demand for materials with higher energy density and longer cycle time, there is an urgent need to find a zinc‐ion supercapacitor cathode material with lower cost and better electrochemical performance. In this experiment, low‐cost agricultural peanut red skin waste was converted into biomass‐derived carbon material (PSR‐X) with high specific surface area, larger pore volume, and more homogeneous pore size distribution through carbonisation and KOH activation. Due to the interaction of these properties, PSR‐X as the cathode material has higher specific capacity and better multiplicity performance than the zinc‐ion capacitor prepared from the initial carbonised PSR as the cathode material. In addition, the PSR‐4‐based zinc‐ion capacitor has an excellent specific capacity of 86 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.1 A g−1, a high capacity retention of 55 % even at a high current density of 30 A g−1, and a high energy density of 66.16 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 218.1 W kg−1. What is more gratifying is that the capacitor exhibits an ultra‐long cycle life, with a high capacity retention rate of 85 % after 8,000 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 1 A g−1.
Supply‐side inducements and resource redeployment in multiunit firms
Authors: Chauvin Jasmina , Poliquin Christopher 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryWe examine to what extent and when multiunit firms internally redeploy managers between units. While theory has emphasized how changes in demand conditions affect redeployment, we argue that optimal internal resource allocation involves consideration of both demand and each unit's resource supply. We formalize this argument, showing how redeployment arises from “supply‐side inducements”—return advantages in new over existing resource uses resulting from changes in resource supply. Empirical tests using manager deaths as an exogenous, supply‐side shock to firms' resource stocks support our arguments, showing that firms frequently redeploy resources away from better‐endowed and toward negatively affected units. Incorporating supply‐side inducements into redeployment theory implies additional value‐creation opportunities from redeployment and carries novel predictions for the direction of intra‐firm resource flows.Managerial SummaryFirms continuously decide how to allocate valuable resources—such as their most productive workers, unique inputs, or machinery—among different units. We argue that to optimally allocate such resources, managers must respond to changes in both the demand environment and in the resource stock of different units. When some units successfully accumulate resources while others suffer adverse shocks, opportunity exists to improve efficiency by internally redeploying resources. Counterintuitively, optimal redeployment frequently involves shifting resources away from successful, well‐endowed units. New business units, being resource‐poor, are often the most important recipients of resources. Empirical analyses studying how firms allocate managers in a large sample of Brazilian firms offer support for these arguments.
A Dynamically Stable Sulfide Electrolyte Architecture for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Xinyang , Jiang Wei , Zhu Xinxin , Li Siyuan , Zhang Shichao , Wu Qian , Zhang Jiahui , Zhong Wei , Zhao Shu , Cheng Hao , Tan Yuanzhong , Ling Min , Lu Yingying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries employing sulfide solid electrolyte and Li metal anode are promising because of their high safety and energy densities. However, the interface between Li metal and sulfides suffers from catastrophic instability which stems the practical use. Here, a dynamically stable sulfide electrolyte architecture to construct the hierarchy of interface stability is reported. By rationally designing the multilayer structures of sulfide electrolytes, the dynamic decomposing‐alloying process from MS4 (M = Ge or Sn) unit in sulfide interlayer can significantly prohibit Li dendrite penetration is revealed. The abundance of highly electronic insulating decompositions, such as Li2S, at the sulfide interlayer interface helps to well constrain the dynamic decomposition process and preserve the long‐term polarization stability is also highlighted. By using Li6PS5Cl||Li10SnP2S12||Li6PS5Cl electrolyte architecture, Li metal anode shows an unprecedented critical current density over 3 mA cm−2 and achieves the steady over‐potential for ≈900 hours. Based upon the merits, the Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 battery delivers a remarkable 75.3% retention even after 600 cycles at 1 C (1C–0.95 mA cm−2) under a low stack pressure of 15 MPa.
Photothermal Ferrotherapy – Induced Immunogenic Cell Death via Iron‐Based Ternary Chalcogenide Nanoparticles Against Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Wu Qiang , Li Zhuoyuan , Zhou Xin , Wei Zhewei , Ramadan Sami , Xu Yunsheng , Xu Lizhou , Li Danyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly malignant and prone to recurrence and metastasis. Patients with TNBC have limited therapeutic options, often resulting in poor prognosis. Some new treatments for TNBC have been considered in the past decade, such as immunotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), and ferroptosis therapy, that allow the rapid and minimally invasive ablation of cancer. However, a multifunctional nanodrug system with more potent efficacy for TNBC is still needed. The use of iron‐based ternary chalcogenide nanoparticles (NPs), namely AgFeS2, is reported, which synergistically combines photothermal therapy, ferrotherapy, and immunotherapy in one system for the treatment of TNBC. AgFeS2 possesses excellent photothermal conversion performance for tumor near‐infrared (NIR) phototherapy. Upon photoirradiation, these NPs generate heat, accelerate the release of iron ions, and effectively catalyze the Fenton reaction, resulting in cell apoptosis and ferroptosis. Additionally, AgFeS2 promotes the release of tumor‐specific antigens and triggers an immune response via immunogenic cell death (ICD), thereby providing unique synergistic mechanisms for cancer therapy. The present study demonstrates the great potential of iron‐based ternary chalcogenide as a new therapeutic platform for a combination of photothermal therapy, ferrotherapy, and immunotherapy for the suppression of TNBC.
In‐Induced Electronic Structure Modulations of Bi─O Active Sites for Selective Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction to Liquid Fuel in Strong Acid
Authors: Chen Wei , Chen Rongzhen , Jiang Yuhang , Wang Yating , Zhu Yihua , Li Yuhang , Li Chunzhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe formation of carbonate in neutral/alkaline solutions leads to carbonate crossover, severely reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) single pass conversion efficiency (SPCE). Thus, CO2 electrolysis is a prospective route to achieve high CO2 utilization under acidic environment. Bimetallic Bi‐based catalysts obtained utilizing metal doping strategies exhibit enhanced CO2‐to‐formic acid (HCOOH) selectivity in alkaline/neutral media. However, achieving high HCOOH selectivity remains challenging in acidic media. To this end, Indium (In) doped Bi2O2CO3 via hydrothermal method is prepared for in‐situ electroreduction to In‐Bi/BiOx nanosheets for acidic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). In doping strategy regulates the electronic structure of Bi, promoting the fast derivatization of Bi2O2CO3 into Bi‐O active sites to enhance CO2RR catalytic activity. The optimized Bi2O2CO3‐derived catalyst achieves the maximum HCOOH faradaic efficiency (FE) of 96% at 200 mA cm−2. The SPCE for HCOOH production in acid is up to 36.6%, 2.2‐fold higher than the best reported catalysts in alkaline environment. Furthermore, in situ Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrate that In‐induced electronic structure modulation promotes a rapid structural evolution from nanobulks to Bi/BiOx nanosheets with more active species under acidic CO2RR, which is a major factor in performance improvement.
Dual Interface Compatibility Enabled via Composite Solid Electrolyte with High Transference Number for Long‐Life All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Cui Mengyang , Fu Shiyang , Yuan Shisheng , Jin Bo , Liu Hui , Li Yiyang , Gao Nan , Jiang Qing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe development of solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) effectively solves the safety problem derived from dendrite growth and volume change of lithium during cycling. In the meantime, the SSEs possess non‐flammability compared to conventional organic liquid electrolytes. Replacing liquid electrolytes with SSEs to assemble all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) has garnered significant attention as a promising energy storage/conversion technology for the future. Herein, a composite solid electrolyte containing two inorganic components (Li6.25Al0.25La3Zr2O12, Al2O3) and an organic polyvinylidene difluoride matrix is designed rationally. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation results demonstrate the synergistic effect among the components, which results in enhanced ionic conductivity, high lithium‐ion transference number, extended electrochemical window, and outstanding dual interface compatibility. As a result, Li||Li symmetric battery maintains a stable cycle for over 2500 h. Moreover, all‐solid‐state lithium metal battery assembled with LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode delivers a high discharge capacity of 168 mAh g−1 after 360 cycles at 0.1 C at 25 °C, and all‐solid‐state lithium–sulfur battery also exhibits a high initial discharge capacity of 912 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. This work demonstrates a long‐life flexible composite solid electrolyte with excellent interface compatibility, providing an innovative way for the rational construction of next‐generation high‐energy‐density ASSLMBs.
Chimeric Peptide‐Engineered Self‐Delivery Nanomedicine for Photodynamic‐Triggered Breast Cancer Immunotherapy by Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Liu Yi‐Bin , Chen Xia‐Yun , Yu Bai‐Xue , Cen Yi , Huang Chu‐Yu , Yan Meng‐Yi , Liu Qian‐Qian , Zhang Wei , Li Shi‐Ying , Tang You‐Zhi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA systemic treatment strategy is urgently demanded to suppress the rapid growth and easy metastasis characteristics of breast cancer. In this work, a chimeric peptide‐engineered self‐delivery nanomedicine (designated as ChiP‐CeR) for photodynamic‐triggered breast cancer immunotherapy by macrophage polarization. Among these, ChiP‐CeR is composed of the photosensitizer of chlorine e6 (Ce6) and the TLR7/8 agonist of lmiquimod (R837), which is further modified with tumor matrix targeting peptide (Fmoc‐K(Fmoc)‐PEG8‐CREKA. ChiP‐CeR is preferred to actively accumulate at the tumor site via specific recognition of fibronectin, which can eradicate primary tumor growth through photodynamic therapy (PDT). Meanwhile, the destruction of primary tumors would trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD) effects to release high‐mobility group box‐1(HMGB1) and expose calreticulin (CRT). Moreover, ChiP‐CeR can also polarize M2‐type tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) into M1‐type TAMs, which can activate T cell antitumor immunity in combination with ICD. Overall, ChiP‐CeR possesses superior antitumor effects against primary and lung metastatic tumors, which provide an applicable nanomedicine and a feasible strategy for the systemic management of metastatic breast cancer.
A unique Late Cretaceous fossil wood assemblage from Chilean Patagonia provides clues to a high‐latitude continental environment
Authors: Martínez Leandro C. A. , Leppe Marcelo , Manríquez Leslie M. E. , Pino Juan Pablo , Trevisan Cristine , Manfroi Joseline , Mansilla Héctor 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFossil plants, including large trunks, stems, some branches, and twigs, were collected from the Maastrichtian (68.9 Ma), upper Dorotea Formation in the Magallanes–Austral Basin, 16 km north of the Cerro Guido–Las Chinas complex in the southern Chilean Magallanes region. These fossil trunks range from 0.2 to 2.2 m in length. Petrographic slides were made in three sections (transverse, radial and tangential) and analysed under a light microscope to study the permineralized fossils. The woods and stems belong to Austroginkgoxylon gen. et sp. nov., Agathoxylon antarcticum, Podocarpoxylon paradoxi sp. nov., Podocarpoxylon mazzonii, Palmoxylon subantarcticae and Notomalvaceoxylon magallanense gen. et sp. nov. The growth rings of gymnosperms and anatomical characters of angiosperms were analysed to obtain palaeoecological data. Interactions between gymnosperm roots growing into the secondary xylem of an angiosperm (nurse logs) are recorded. The data obtained from the fossil woods suggest warm and humid conditions in this southern South American locality during the Late Cretaceous, providing a unique opportunity to study continental environments at high southern latitudes, which are poorly represented on a global scale.
Resveratrol alleviates imidacloprid‐induced mitochondrial apoptosis, necroptosis, and immune dysfunction in chicken lymphocyte lines by inhibiting the ROS/MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaodan , Sun Jiatong , Xu Tong , Lei Yutian , Gao Meichen , Lin Hongjin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractImidacloprid (IMI) is a neonicotinoid insecticide with the highest global market share, and IMI exposure in the environment can negatively affect many nontarget organisms (a general term for organisms affected by drugs other than target organisms). Resveratrol (RSV), a non‐flavonoid polyphenolic organic compound derived from peanuts, grapes, and other plants, has anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects. It is currently unclear how RSV protects against cell damage caused by IMI. Therefore, we established an experimental model of chicken lymphocyte lines exposed to 110 μg/mL IMI and/or 0.5 μM RSV for 24 h. According to the experimental results, IMI markedly raised intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and diminished the activity of the cellular antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx), leading to MDA accumulation and decreased T‐AOC. JNK, ERK, and P38, the essential components of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, were also expressed more when IMI was present. Additionally, IMI resulted in upregulation of mitochondrial apoptosis (Caspase 3, Caspase 9, Bax, and Cyt‐c) and necroptosis (Caspase 8, RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL) related factors expression, downregulation of Bcl‐2 expression, induction of upregulation of cytokine IL‐6 and TNF‐α expression, and downregulation of IFN‐γ expression. The combined treatment of RSV and IMI significantly reduced cellular oxidative stress levels, inhibited the MAPK signaling pathway, and alleviated IMI‐induced mitochondrial apoptosis, necroptosis, and immune dysfunction. To summarize, RSV antagonized IMI‐induced mitochondrial apoptosis, necroptosis, and immune dysfunction in chicken lymphocyte lines by inhibiting the ROS/MAPK signaling pathway.
Intervening in the Present Through Fictions of the Future
Authors: Loftsdóttir Kristín 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter focuses on how diverse speculative fiction has intervened in discourses of the so-called refugee crisis by posing key questions regarding social justice and categorization of being human and thus who is entitled to certain rights. Some recent fiction can be positioned as examples ofconcurrenceswhere the goal is to intervene in the present by talking about the future, while other older speculative fiction’s concerns with large questions of what it means to be human can be used in the present to critically think about treatment of refugees and their dehumanization. The android has in this regard been particularly useful to “think with.” The discussion is based on the author’s research on racism and irregular migrants from West Africa to Europe.
Concurrent Whiteness: Science Fiction Film’s Close Encounters in Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Harris Ashleigh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter brings the theoretical term “concurrences” to bear on a reading of how US popular filmic depictions of whiteness flowed seamlessly into white South African life during the time of apartheid. I wager that we might productively use the term to consider the ways in which dominant signs and identities, in this case whiteness, might be sustained across different political and ideological terrains through the media of popular culture. Focusing on Steven Spielberg’s 1977 film,Close Encounters of the Third Kind,which premiered in South Africa in 1979, I investigate how science fiction film of this era became a site of white disassociation from apartheid’s realities and association with the global North. The chapter thereby raises a series of questions that challenge received understandings of South Africa’s cultural isolation during apartheid and prompt us to understand apartheid’s global dimensions and contexts.
Finnish, the Most Difficult Language to Learn? Four German-Speaking Migrants’ Ways of Getting Access to the Finnish Language in the North of Finland
Authors: Grasz Sabine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores the experiences and views on getting access to the Finnish language of four German-speaking migrants living in northern Finland, two of them in internationally orientated university towns and two in small villages. All informants consider learning Finnish as difficult but important because it offers access to the labour market and a sense of belonging. Age, time of migration, occupation, and place of residence have a strong impact in this process, for example, on the availability of formal language training and the status of English. While English still plays a minor role among elderly people in rural areas, it is the main means of communication for the younger migrants in the university towns. However, attitudes towards the dominance of English are ambivalent. English is empowering by giving one easier access to initial life in Finland, but at the same time it prevents one from gaining faster access to the Finnish language.
Relationship Between Translingual Practices and Identity Performance and Positioning on the Swedish-Finnish Border
Authors: Kolu Jaana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, the four bilingual (Finnish/Swedish) adolescents’ translingual practices, and identity performance and positioning are explored in informal pair conversations and semi-structured individual interviews with the researcher on the Swedish-Finnish border in Tornedalen. The aim is to investigate whether there is a link between the adolescents’ language use and identity performance and positioning. The data revealed that the four young people brought different performances of language use and identity positionings to the interactions during a period of five years. The study provides examples of dramatic changes in the case of one pair of participants’ mutual language use from using predominantly Finnish resources to using exclusively Swedish. As the pair’s language use changed, so did their identity positioning: They went from positioning themselves as Finnish-speaking and bilinguals to positioning themselves more and more as Swedish-speaking.
Genome Editing in Horticultural Plants: Present Applications and Future Perspective
Authors: Mahna Nasser , Nayeri Shahnoush 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter considers the genome editing technologies that have been utilized for breeding horticultural plants. Many examples of the successful application of genome editing technologies including ZFN, TALEN, and especially CRISPR/Cas systems in improving diverse characteristics of horticultural plants are mentioned and discussed. Based on the literature review, CRISPR/Cas technology has proved its potential in altering many genes of interest in horticultural plants including fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants for improving agronomically important traits and attributes such as growth rate, seed size, flowering time, flower color, storage time, resistance to biotic stresses, tolerance to abiotic stresses, herbicide tolerance, metabolism, fruit color, fruit ripening, and so forth. This advanced technology paves the way for more favorable and precise manipulation of plant genomes to improve crop performance.
Genetic Improvement in Leguminous Crops Through Genome Editing
Authors: Dervishi Aida , Choudry Muhammad Waqas , Riaz Rabia , Bakhsh Allah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLeguminous crops belong to the Fabaceae family, known for their high nutritional properties and use for human and livestock consumption and for their ability to symbiotically fixing nitrogen which plays an important role in soil enrichment and sustainable agriculture. Over the years the genetic improvement of legumes has been carried out using conventional techniques of breeding based on the QTL and MAS selection mainly to increase the yield. Genome editing techniques have been successfully used in different legume crops, mainly on model crops and grain legumes such as chickpea, soybean and cowpea. The recent advancement in gene editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas technology contributed to the improvement of important agronomic traits in legume species and provide a great potential for studies of the traits such as tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, increased yield and improvement of seed content chave recently been introduced in legumes utilizing genome editing tools. This chapter provides an overview of the main developments in genetic improvement methods applied and the achievements so far achieved in leguminous crops. Further studies aiming at the genetic improvement of minor or underutilized legumes are pivotal and a challenge in the future.