bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotype-specific spinal cord damage in spinocerebellar ataxias: an ENIGMA-Ataxia study
Authors: Rezende Thiago Junqueira Ribeiro , Adanyaguh Isaac , Barsottini Orlando G P , Bender Benjamin , Cendes Fernando , Coutinho Leo , Deistung Andreas , Dogan Imis , Durr Alexandra , Fernandez-Ruiz Juan , Göricke Sophia L , Grisoli Marina , Hernandez-Castillo Carlos R , Lenglet Christophe , Mariotti Caterina , Martinez Alberto R M , Massuyama Breno K , Mochel Fanny , Nanetti Lorenzo , Nigri Anna , Ono Sergio E , Öz Gülin , Pedroso José Luiz , Reetz Kathrin , Synofzik Matthis , Teive Helio , Thomopoulos Sophia I , Thompson Paul M , Timmann Dagmar , van de Warrenburg Bart P C , van Gaalen Judith , França Marcondes C , Harding Ian H 
Published: February 2024

Background
Spinal cord damage is a feature of many spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), but well-powered in vivo studies are lacking and links with disease severity and progression remain unclear. Here we characterise cervical spinal cord morphometric abnormalities in SCA1, SCA2, SCA3 and SCA6 using a large multisite MRI dataset.

Methods
Upper spinal cord (vertebrae C1–C4) cross-sectional area (CSA) and eccentricity (flattening) were assessed using MRI data from nine sites within the ENIGMA-Ataxia consortium, including 364 people with ataxic SCA, 56 individuals with preataxic SCA and 394 nonataxic controls. Correlations and subgroup analyses within the SCA cohorts were undertaken based on disease duration and ataxia severity.

Results

Individuals in the ataxic stage of SCA1, SCA2 and SCA3, relative to non-ataxic controls, had significantly reduced CSA and increased eccentricity at all examined levels. CSA showed large effect sizes (
d
>2.0) and correlated with ataxia severity (r<−0.43) and disease duration (r<−0.21). Eccentricity correlated only with ataxia severity in SCA2 (r=0.28). No significant spinal cord differences were evident in SCA6. In preataxic individuals, CSA was significantly reduced in SCA2 (
d
=1.6) and SCA3 (
d
=1.7), and the SCA2 group also showed increased eccentricity (
d
=1.1) relative to nonataxic controls. Subgroup analyses confirmed that CSA and eccentricity are abnormal in early disease stages in SCA1, SCA2 and SCA3. CSA declined with disease progression in all, whereas eccentricity progressed only in SCA2.

Conclusions
Spinal cord abnormalities are an early and progressive feature of SCA1, SCA2 and SCA3, but not SCA6, which can be captured using quantitative MRI.
Sex differences in muscle-quality recovery following one week of knee joint immobilization and subsequent retraining
Authors: Girts Ryan M. , Harmon Kylie K. , Rodriguez Gabriela , Beausejour Jonathan P. , Pagan Jason I. , Carr Joshua C. , Garcia Jeanette , Stout Jeffrey R. , Fukuda David H. , Stock Matt S. 
Published: February 2024

This manuscript represents the second phase of a clinical trial designed to examine the effects of knee joint immobilization and retraining on muscle strength and mass. In Phase 2, we examined sex differences in the recovery of multiple indices of muscle quality after a resistance training-based rehabilitation program. Following 1 week of immobilization, 27 participants (16 males, 11 females) exhibiting weakness underwent twice weekly resistance training sessions designed to re-strengthen their left knee. Unilateral retraining sessions utilizing leg press, extension, and curl exercises were conducted until participants could reproduce their pre-immobilization knee extension isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) peak torque. Post-immobilization, both sexes demonstrated impaired MVC peak torque (males = −10.8%, females = −15.2%), specific torque (−9.8% vs. −13.1%), echo intensity of the vastus lateralis (+6.9% vs. +5.9%) and rectus femoris (+5.9% vs. +2.1), and extracellular water/intracellular water ratio (+7.8% vs. +9.0%). The number of retraining sessions for peak torque to return to baseline for males (median = 1, mean = 2.13) versus females (median = 2, mean = 2.91) was not significantly different, though the disparity in recovery times may be clinically relevant. Following retraining, specific torque was the only muscle-quality indicator that improved along with MVC peak torque (males = 20.1%, females = 22.4%). Our findings indicate that measures of muscle quality demonstrate divergent recovery rates following immobilization, with muscle mass lagging behind improvements in strength. Greater immobilization-induced strength loss among females suggests that sex-specific rehabilitation efforts may be justified.
Robustness of steady state and stochastic cyclicity in generalized coalescence-fragmentation models
Authors: Fagan Brennen T. , MacKay Niall J. , Wood A. Jamie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Processes of coalescence and fragmentation are used to understand the time-evolution of the mass distribution of various systems and may result in a steady state or in stable deterministic or stochastic cycles. Motivated by applications in insurgency warfare we investigate coalescence-fragmentation systems. We begin with a simple model of size-biased coalescence accompanied by shattering into monomers. Depending on the parameters this model has an approximately power-law-distributed steady state or stochastic cycles of alternating gelation and shattering. We conduct stochastic simulations of this model and its generalizations to include different kernel types, accretion and erosion, and various distributions of non-shattering fragmentation. Our central aim is to explore the robustness of the steady state and gel-shatter stochastic cycles to these variations. We show that an approximate power-law steady state persists with the addition of accretion and erosion, and with partial rather than total shattering. However, broader distributions of fragment sizes typically vitiate both the power law steady state and gel-shatter cyclicity. This work clarifies features shown in coalescence/fragmentation model simulations and elucidates the relationship between the microscopic dynamics and observed phenomena in this widely applicable interdisciplinary model type.

Graphical abstract
Psychological Status of Medical Staff in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospitals during the Omicron Pandemic Outbreak in China
Authors: Bao Shuting , Chen Bangwu , Hu Ying , Lee Chee Shin , Wu Qi , Zhou Menglin , Du Mengkai , Zhu Shuqi , Xie Biao , Hu Jiuqiong , Liang Zhaoxia 
Published: February 2024

Background. Medical staff in China faced great challenges and psychological and physiological changes of varying degrees during the omicron epidemic outbreak. It is important to recognize the potential impact of these challenges on the mental health of medical staff and to provide appropriate resources and support to mitigate their effects. Methods. A total of 354 medical staff in two obstetrics and gynecology hospitals of different grades were included in this survey using convenience sampling. The cross-sectional self-report questionnaires survey was conducted using the Basic Characteristics Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Results. There were 169 (47.7%) participants suffering from anxiety disorder. Working with fever, working in obstetrics, and working with protective clothing were the risk factors for anxiety in medical staff p<0.05. One hundred and ninety-six (55.4%) participants were depressed. Working with fever and working in obstetrics were the risk factors for depression in medical staff p<0.05. There were 117 (33.1%) participants suffering from insomnia. Working with fever, high educational level, and severe COVID-19 infection status were the risk factors for insomnia in medical staff p<0.05. Moreover, medical staff in a provincial hospital were more anxious and depressed than those in a county hospital. At last, there were more participants working with fever in obstetrics p<0.05. Conclusion. Anxiety disorder, depression, and insomnia were common among obstetrics and gynecology medical staff during the outbreak of omicron pandemic. During this period, more resources for psychological counselling should be provided to the hospital as well as more reasonable staffing arrangements, and working while having a fever is prohibited, especially in provincial hospital.
The Form and Character of Circulating Governing Elite in Nigeria: Past and Present
Authors: Ojo Emmanuel O. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper is basically an application of the famous elite perspective to the Nigerian government and politics to test whether it is a theory that can be confirmed or infirmed. The observable phenomenon which is similar to virtually all regions and climes of the world is the emergence of very few people circulating in the political space over time. From pre-colonial, to colonial and post-colonial Nigerian state, a number of elites from diverse sectors of the society – the military, politicians, civil society, business tycoons, religious leaders and traditional elites kept circulating in the political firmament of Nigeria. The paper is a confirmation of the elite theory paradigm or construct to the understanding of Nigerian government and politics. The paper, however, noted that if nothing changes the required leap from a developing status of Nigeria as a country to developed one may take time after all.
Reckoning with the Legacy of the Digital
Authors: Zayani Mohamed , Khalil Joe F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Although the digital Middle East has received wide attention, there has been little engagement with the cultural roots of ongoing transformations. This article offers a critical analysis of the region’s technological journey over the past century, revealing how the pursuit of the digital aligns with a historical quest for modernity and aspirations for socioeconomic development. By examining the cultural origins and trajectory of the region’s engagement with technology, the article illuminates how the present is inextricably linked to the past through multiple temporalities. It contends that a mnemonic connection with modernization, as a culturally embedded concept, is essential for comprehending the unfolding digital turn and engaging with the region’s adoption of various technologies, including the digital. This article contributes to the expanding body of literature on the intersection of technology and society in the Middle East. It underscores the need for a nuanced understanding of the region’s intricate relationship with modernization and digitalization.
Evaluation of zootechnical performance of pigs associated with diets based on microencapsulated probiotics with and without growth promoting antibiotics
Authors: Rendón J.M. Agudelo , Ortiz C.M. Bedoya , Vasquez J.E. , Velásquez J.M. Uran , Montoya A.J. Acevedo , Angulo L.C. Veloza , Arcila J.C. Pareja , Ruíz O.A. Sáenz , García R. Ramírez , Ramírez J.F. Naranjo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Feed efficiency is a crucial parameter in pig production due to its economic and environmental impact. This trial evaluated feed efficiency in pre-fattening pigs subjected to two diets. Diet 1 (D1) was a commercial pelleted feed supplemented with growth-promoting antibiotics and microencapsulated probiotics (Fortcell FeedTM). Diet 2 (D2) was a commercial pelleted feed supplemented with the microencapsulated probiotics. A total of 280 piglets were randomly assigned into two groups with different diets, using four replicated pens per treatment, with five pigs per pen. Seven independent trials (replications) were done. Each replication lasted for 49 days with two phases, 1 (day 1 to 21) and 2 (day 22 to 49). Pigs were individually weighed at the end of each phase. Food consumption and rejection were recorded weekly to determine weight gain, feed conversion and average feed intake per pen. There was no difference in body weight between pigs fed with the two diets during phases 1 and 2. The average daily gain in phase 1 was 11% lower in animals that received D2 (0.27 kg for D1 vs 0.24 kg for D2; P<0.05). The consumption in phase 2 and overall consumption was higher in pigs fed D1 (P<0.05). Overall feed conversion ratio was not statistically different, but was numerically 9.5% lower in animals that received D2 in Phase 2 (1.43 kg for D1 vs 1.35 kg for D2). It was concluded that supplementation with microencapsulated probiotics provides a suitable option to replace antibiotics in pig production.
The Corpus of Early English Correspondence Extension Sampler (ceeces)
Authors: Kaislaniemi Samuli , Saario Lassi , Säily Tanja 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This data paper describes the Corpus of Early English Correspondence Extension Sampler (ceeces), a linguistic corpus of personal letters covering the long eighteenth century. The letters have been sampled and transcribed from various printed editions and are now openly distributed through Zenodo. The ceeces contains 2,624 letters by 200 writers, some 1.14 million words. It comes in several versions – plain text, xml, standardised-spelling, and part-of-speech tagged – with ample metadata on the correspondents and the letters, enabling the sociolinguistic study of historical English using a range of social variables including gender, age, social rank, and geographical region.
Byron’s Use of Language in Description of East/West and its Albanian Reception
Authors: Krasniqi Seniha 
Published: February 2024

Byron’s Use of Language in Description of East/West and its Albanian Reception
In this paper, using a hermeneutic approach, I discuss G. G. Byron’s use of language in describing the socio-political and geographical issues of the countries he visited during his travels in Europe, primarily with regard to Albania. I show that in Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Byron depicted Albanian scenery in an attempt to create homophily. I also analyse the Albanian reception of the English poet’s vision. I justify the relevance of incorporating Byron’s position on Albania into the consciousness of the Albanian people, as well as supplementing the Albanian language with the oriental vocabulary he used.

Język Byrona w opisie Wschodu/Zachodu i jego odbiór wśród Albańczyków
W niniejszym artykule, stosując podejście hermeneutyczne, omawiamy sposób użycia języka przez G. G. Byrona w opisie kwestii społeczno-politycznych i geograficznych krajów, które odwiedził on podczas swojej podróży po Europie, przede wszystkim w odniesieniu do Albanii. Pokazuję, że w Wędrowkach Childe Harolda Byron przedstawił albańską rzeczywistość, sugerując powinowactwo z rodzimym kontekstem kulturowym. Analizuję również albański odbiór wizji angielskiego poety. Uzasadniam zasadność włączenia do świadomości narodu albańskiego stanowiska Byrona w kwestii Albanii, jak i uzupełnienia języka albańskiego o wykorzystane przez niego orientalne słownictwo.
Once Again on Tertium Comparationis in the Confrontative Study of Linguistic Images of the World
Authors: Maldjieva Viara , Tobolski Norbert 
Published: February 2024

Once Again on Tertium Comparationis in the Confrontative Study of Linguistic Images of the World
The work contains a preliminary proposal for fulfilling the demands placed before the tertium comparationis in linguistic confrontation, especially those related to the preparation of operational steps for building a basis for comparing concepts in different languages so that parallel (and de facto monolingual) descriptions can be replaced by sensu stricto comparisons. According to the authors, the application of the basic theoretical assumptions of linguistic confrontation will make it possible to create tools for comparing linguistic images of the world. The proposal is supported by the results of a preliminary comparative analysis of the concept of ‘faith’ in Polish and Bulgarian.

Jeszcze raz o tertium comparationis w konfrontatywnym badaniu językowych obrazów świata
Praca zawiera wstępną propozycję spełnienia postulatów stawianych przed tertium comparationis w konfrontacji językowej, zwłaszcza tych związanych z opracowaniem operacjonalnych kroków budowania podstawy porównania konceptów w różnych językach tak, żeby paralelne (i de facto jednojęzyczne) opisy zastąpić porównaniem sensu stricto. W opinii jej autorów zastosowanie podstawowych teoretycznych założeń konfrontacji językowej pozwoli stworzyć narzędzia do porównania językowych obrazów świata. Propozycja jest poparta wynikami wstępnej porównawczej analizy pojęcia ‘wiara’ w języku polskim i bułgarskim.
Bulgarian Evidential Forms and Wierzbicka’s NSM
Authors: Genew-Puhalewa Iliana , Popova Gergana 
Published: February 2024

Bulgarian Evidential Forms and Wierzbicka’s NSM
Our focus in this paper is on the semantics of a particular grammatical category of Bulgarian, namely evidentiality. Our starting point is the account of evidentiality in Macedonian and Bulgarian in Wierzbicka (in Semantics: Primes and Universals. Oxford: 1996). We elaborate and expand on this proposal by suggesting semantic formulae for the renarrative, dubitative, inferential, and mirative forms, incorporating Wierzbicka’s universal semantic primitives know and think. Our aim is to provide a stepping stone towards precise intra- and inter-linguistic comparisons.

Bułgarskie formy ewidencjalne i naturalny metajęzyk semantyczny A. Wierzbickiej
Artykuł skupia się na semantyce specyficznego obszaru gramatyki języka bułgarskiego, znanego jako ewidencjalność. Wywód opiera się na dyskusji z koncepcją Anny Wierzbickiej dotyczącą ewidencjalności w językach bułgarskim i macedońskim (w: Semantics: Primes and Universals. Oxford: 1996). Autorki próbują określić znaczenie bułgarskich form renaratywnych, dubitatywnych, inferencjalnych i miratywnych, korzystając z proponowanych przez Wierzbicką uniwersalnych jednostek semantycznych ‘wiem’ i ‘myślę’. W rezultacie artykuł rewiduje oraz weryfikuje metodologię Wierzbickiej, ukazując jej przydatność w opisie kategorii gramatycznych oraz w badaniach międzykulturowych.
On the Existential Use of the Verb “Brakować” ‘to Lack’ in Polish
Authors: Bondaruk Anna 
Published: February 2024

On the Existential Use of the Verb Brakować ‘to Lack’ in Polish
This paper examines existential sentences with the verb brakować ‘to lack’ in Polish. We argue that these clauses are semantically equivalent to negative existential clauses with być ‘to be’, which follows from the fact that brakować ‘to lack’ is lexically negative. Despite the fact that brakować ‘to lack’ appears with a genitive DP, it licenses not the genitive of negation but the genitive of intentionality. The structure of existential clauses with brakować ‘to lack’ differs from that of negative existential clauses with być ‘to be’ but resembles the structure of affirmative być ‘to be’ existential clauses. Both być ‘to be’ and brakować ‘to lack’ are treated as monadic predicates whose sole argument is a small clause, represented as PredP. They only differ in the type of complement the Pred head takes: a DP in być ‘to be’ existential clauses, and an Intentional Phrase in brakować ‘to lack’ existential sentences that is responsible for assigning genitive.

Egzystencjalne użycie czasownika brakować w języku polskim
W artykule analizowane są zdania egzystencjalne z czasownikiem brakować w języku polskim. Przedstawione są argumenty za tym, że zdania te semantycznie odpowiadają przeczącym zdaniom egzystencjalnym z być, co wynika z faktu, że brakować jest przeczące w warstwie leksykalnej. Mimo tego, że brakować występuje z DP w dopełniaczu, nie licencjonuje ono dopełniacza negacji, tylko dopełniacz intencjonalności. Struktura zdań egzystencjalnych z brakować różni się od struktury przeczących zdań egzystencjalnych z być, a przypomina strukturę twierdzących zdań egzystencjalnych z być. Zarówno być, jak i brakować są traktowane jako predykaty jednoargumentowe, których jednym argumentem jest struktura predykatywna PredP. Różnią się od siebie jedynie typem dopełnienia Pred, które odpowiada DP w zdaniach egzystencjalnych z być oraz frazie intencjonalności w zdaniach egzystencjalnych z brakować, odpowiedzialnej za przypisywanie dopełniacza.
Modernism in Translation: International Translation Conference in Lubliniec, 2022
Authors: Misztela Piotr 
Published: February 2024

Modernism in Translation: International Translation Conference in Lubliniec, 2022
This text is a report from the international translation conference Modernism in Translation. Organized by the University of Silesia in Katowice, it was held in Lubliniec on 28–30 September 2022 and gathered speakers from several countries.

Modernizm w przekładzie. Międzynarodowa konferencja przekładoznawcza w Lublińcu, 2022
Tekst stanowi relację z międzynarodowej konferencji przekładoznawczej „Modernizm w przekładzie”. Wydarzenie zostało zorganizowane przez Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, odbyło się w Lublińcu w dniach 28–30 września 2022 r. i zgromadziło prelegentów z kilku krajów.
Digital Approaches to Studying Mathematical Terms in Bulgarian School Books from the Beginning of the 19th Century
Authors: Stoykova Velislava 
Published: February 2024

Digital Approaches to Studying Mathematical Terms in Bulgarian School Books from the Beginning of the 19th Century
The paper presents an analysis and survey of the content of digitized copies of three school mathematics books published in the Bulgarian language during the first half of the 19th century. The study offers the first overview and outline of the pedagogical approaches used to teach mathematics through mathematical term formation in that period based on the text of school mathematics books. The analysis includes a comparative description of the approach and study content as well as related topics and exercises connected to them. Finally, a conclusion regarding the structure and origin of the terms used to teach mathematical concepts in the Bulgarian language at the time is outlined.

Cyfrowe podejścia do studiowania terminów matematycznych w bułgarskich podręcznikach szkolnych z początku XIX wieku
W artykule przedstawiono analizę treści zdigitalizowanych kopii trzech podręczników z matematyki, opublikowanych w języku bułgarskim w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku. Badanie stanowi pierwszy w swoim rodzaju przegląd podejść pedagogicznych stosowanych w nauczaniu matematyki z punktu widzenia tworzenia terminów matematycznych. Analiza zawiera porównawczy opis podręczników pod względem podejścia i treści, jak również związanych z nimi tematów i ćwiczeń. Na koniec przedstawiono wniosek dotyczący struktury i pochodzenia terminów używanych do nauczania pojęć matematycznych w języku bułgarskim w badanym okresie.