bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple diffusion metrics in differentiating solid glioma from brain inflammation
Authors: Zhao Kai , Gao Ankang , Gao Eryuan , Qi Jinbo , Chen Ting , Zhao Guohua , Zhao Gaoyang , Wang Peipei , Wang Weijian , Bai Jie , Zhang Yong , Zhang Huiting , Yang Guang , Ma Xiaoyue , Cheng Jingliang 
Published: January 2024

Background and purposeThe differential diagnosis between solid glioma and brain inflammation is necessary but sometimes difficult. We assessed the effectiveness of multiple diffusion metrics of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in differentiating solid glioma from brain inflammation and compared the diagnostic performance of different DWI models.Materials and methodsParticipants diagnosed with either glioma or brain inflammation with a solid lesion on MRI were enrolled in this prospective study from May 2016 to April 2023. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed using a spin-echo echo-planar imaging sequence with five b values (500, 1,000, 1,500, 2000, and 2,500 s/mm2) in 30 directions for each b value, and one b value of 0 was included. The mean values of multiple diffusion metrics based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), mean apparent propagator (MAP), and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) in the abnormal signal area were calculated. Comparisons between glioma and inflammation were performed. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of diffusion metrics were calculated.Results57 patients (39 patients with glioma and 18 patients with inflammation) were finally included. MAP model, with its metric non-Gaussianity (NG), shows the greatest diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.879) for differentiation of inflammation and glioma with atypical MRI manifestation. The AUC of DKI model, with its metric mean kurtosis (MK) are comparable to NG (AUC = 0.855), followed by NODDI model with intracellular volume fraction (ICVF) (AUC = 0.825). The lowest value was obtained in DTI with mean diffusivity (MD) (AUC = 0.758).ConclusionMultiple diffusion metrics can be used in differentiation of inflammation and solid glioma. Non-Gaussianity (NG) from mean apparent propagator (MAP) model shows the greatest diagnostic performance for differentiation of inflammation and glioma.
The effect of Sumac on cardiometabolic parameters in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jafarpour Amirhosein , Jalali Saeedeh , Akhlaghi Masoumeh , Amlashi Manoochehr Amin 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe current evidence on the effect of Sumac consumption on cardiovascular parameters has produced controversial findings.MethodsWe systematically searched several databases, including PubMed-Medline, SCOPUS, and ISI Web of Science, to find eligible studies until January 2023. Meta-analysis to calculated the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 %CI, Sub-group meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis were conducted throughout the study.Results16 randomized controlled trials comprising a total number of 1,225 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis revealed that Sumac significantly affected low-density lipoprotein (WMD: −8.66 mg/dL; 95% CI: −14.2, −3.12), high-density lipoprotein (WMD: 3.15 mg/dL; 1.99,4.31), triglycerides (WMD: −11.96 mg/dL; −19.44, −4.48), fasting blood glucose (WMD: −4.15 mg/dL; −7.31, −0.98), insulin (WMD: −1.72; −3.18, −0.25), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; WMD: −0.61; −1.22, −0.01), and anthropometric indices (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the results significantly reduced total cholesterol when the intervention duration was ≥12 weeks (WMD: −8.58 mg/dL; −16.8, −0.37).ConclusionThese findings suggest that Sumac is potentially an effective complementary intervention to improve cardiometabolic parameters. Thus, patients could utilize Sumac as part of their diet to improve their overall cardiometabolic status.
Relationships among supervisor support, autonomy, job satisfaction and emotional labor on nurses within the Turkey context of healthcare services
Authors: Altaş Sabiha Sevinç , Gündüz Çekmecelioğlu Hülya , Konakay Gönül , Günsel Murat 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionHealthcare professionals face the challenging task of regulating their emotions within the workplace, which can lead to significant pressure and stress. For nurses, who work in particularly demanding environments, fulfilling the expectations of emotional labor can be challenging.MethodsThis study explores how nurses’ perceptions of supervisor support and job autonomy can positively influence emotional labor and job satisfaction via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique.Results and discussionJob autonomy is found to negatively affect emotional labor but positively impact job satisfaction. Additionally, job satisfaction is a significant precursor to both surface and deep-acting dimensions of emotional labor. Furthermore, job satisfaction mediates the relationship between supervisor support and deep-acting emotional labor, as well as between job autonomy and both surface and deep-acting emotional labor. These findings shed light on the complex dynamics of emotional labor and job satisfaction in healthcare settings.
The effect of parental psychological control on children’s peer interactions in China: the moderating role of teachers’ emotional support
Authors: Chen Ronghui , Li Shujuan , He Siying , Yan Jin 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPeer interactions are critical to young children’s social development, and proximal-system has a direct influence on personal growth. The study aims to analyze the relationship between parental psychological control and young children’s peer interactions, as well as the moderating role of teachers’ emotional support in this association.MethodsA total of 241 children aged 3–6 years, alongside their parents, and 27 teachers, participated in the study. Teachers reported children’s peer interactions whilst parents reported their psychological control. The level of teachers’ emotional support was co-coded by two researchers.ResultsThe results of the study indicated that parental psychological control was significantly and negatively related to young children’s peer interactions; teachers’ emotional support was significantly and positively related to young children’s peer interactions; the cross-level moderating effect validates our hypothesis that teachers’ emotional support has a moderating effect between parental psychological control and young children’s peer interactions, buffering the impact of parental psychological control on young children’s peer interactions.ConclusionThese findings expand our comprehension of the association between parental psychological control, teachers’ emotional support, and young children’s peer interactions, and provide guidance for integrating the components of the proximal system and devising interventions to establish a home-school harmony environment that fosters children’s social development.
Assessing the usefulness of the Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire-Chinese in Chinese preschoolers: a sex-and age-specific analysis
Authors: Hua Jing , Rihtman Tanya , Peng Yongmei , Wang Tianjing , Su Yuantao , Du Wenchong 
Published: January 2024

AimThis study evaluated the sex-and age-specific usefulness of the Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire-Chinese (LDCDQ-CH) in Chinese preschoolers.MethodA population-based sample of 51,110 children aged 3–5 years was recruited. Internal reliability, construct validity, concurrent validity with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-third edition (ASQ-3), and discriminant validity with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-second edition (MABC-2) were assessed. Age and sex effects on LDCDQ-CH scores were analyzed using ANOVA and t-tests.ResultsThe LDCDQ-CH exhibited excellent internal consistency and reliability across ages and genders. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 15-item model’s satisfactory fit. Positive and significant correlations were observed between LDCDQ-CH and ASQ-3 scores, indicating robust concurrent validity. Significant associations were found between LDCDQ-CH and MABC-2 scores. Higher scores were observed in older children and girls, indicating age- and sex-related differences in motor functional performance.ConclusionThe LDCDQ-CH is a reliable and valid tool to support early identification of motor coordination difficulty in Chinese preschoolers, and guiding interventions. Findings support its use across ages and genders, highlighting its potential in the Chinese context. Age- and sex-specific norms are needed for enhanced clinical applicability.
Manifold alteration between major depressive disorder and healthy control subjects using dynamic mode decomposition in resting-state fMRI data
Authors: Endo Hidenori , Ikeda Shigeyuki , Harada Kenichiro , Yamagata Hirotaka , Matsubara Toshio , Matsuo Koji , Kawahara Yoshinobu , Yamashita Okito 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe World Health Organization has reported that approximately 300 million individuals suffer from the mood disorder known as MDD. Non-invasive measurement techniques have been utilized to reveal the mechanism of MDD, with rsfMRI being the predominant method. The previous functional connectivity and energy landscape studies have shown the difference in the coactivation patterns between MDD and HCs. However, these studies did not consider oscillatory temporal dynamics.MethodsIn this study, the dynamic mode decomposition, a method to compute a set of coherent spatial patterns associated with the oscillation frequency and temporal decay rate, was employed to investigate the alteration of the occurrence of dynamic modes between MDD and HCs. Specifically, The BOLD signals of each subject were transformed into dynamic modes representing coherent spatial patterns and discrete-time eigenvalues to capture temporal variations using dynamic mode decomposition. All the dynamic modes were disentangled into a two-dimensional manifold using t-SNE. Density estimation and density ratio estimation were applied to the two-dimensional manifolds after the two-dimensional manifold was split based on HCs and MDD.ResultsThe dynamic modes that uniquely emerged in the MDD were not observed. Instead, we have found some dynamic modes that have shown increased or reduced occurrence in MDD compared with HCs. The reduced dynamic modes were associated with the visual and saliency networks while the increased dynamic modes were associated with the default mode and sensory-motor networks.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this study showed initial evidence of the alteration of occurrence of the dynamic modes between MDD and HCs. To deepen understanding of how the alteration of the dynamic modes emerges from the structure, it is vital to investigate the relationship between the dynamic modes, cortical thickness, and surface areas.
A Bound-Preserving Numerical Scheme for Space–Time Fractional Advection Equations
Authors: Gao Jing , Chen Huaiguang 
Published: January 2024

We develop and analyze an explicit finite difference scheme that satisfies a bound-preserving principle for space–time fractional advection equations with the orders of 0<α and β≤1. The stability (and convergence) of the method is discussed. Due to the nonlocal property of the fractional operators, the numerical method generates dense coefficient matrices with complex structures. In order to increase the effectiveness of the method, we use Toeplitz-like structures in the full coefficient matrix in a sparse form to reduce the costs of computation, and we also apply a fast evaluation method for the time–fractional derivative. Therefore, an efficient solver is constructed. Numerical experiments are provided for the utility of the method.
Rapport de Gérard Ducher, Conseiller référendaire à la Cour des comptes, Secrétaire général du Comité central d’enquêtes sur le coût et le rendement des services publics
Authors: Ducher Gérard 
Published: January 2024

G. Ducher
Como testimonio de los servicios públicos franceses, las nuevas formas de administración se han desarrollado particularmente después de la segunda guerra mundial. En la esfera económica, fue la creación de empresas públicas con estatutos variados ; en el dominio social, la institución de la Seguridad Social. Después, durante el período de desarrollo económico de los años 1950 y subsiguientes, se vió aparecer una segunda ola de importantes innovaciones : creación de las «administraciones de misiones » (teniendo como fin la animación y gestión de un servicio público) ; la multiplicación dentro de muy diversos sectores de interés nacional o local, de los establecimientos públicos y de las sociedades de economía mixta ; la creación de asociaciones con fines no lucrativos en el campo de la investigación científica y de la acción socio-cultural. Así queda compuesto un sector público heterogéneo, marcado desde el punto de vista del estatuto de las nuevas instituciones, por la frecuente transposición de fórmulas de derecho privado en el sector público. Tal evolución no podía faltar de hacer más complejo el control por parte de la Corte de Cuentas de la gestión de administraciones. Sin embargo, algunas fórmulas adaptadas de control se han desempeñado progresivamente.
Aspects récents de la Fonction publique en URSS
Authors: Lazarev Boris Mihajlovič 
Published: January 2024

A recent survey of the civil service in the USSR
The Civil Service in the USSR at present shows a certain number of specific characteristics of which Mr Lazarev compiles a complete list. First he presents a consensus of the numerous educational centers founded since 1965 and of their education or specialization programs. He next studies the functions of control and selection exercised by the local soviets by the people’s board of Controls. In keeping within the same lines, he points out the most recent aspects of the obligations imposed on civil servants to account for their actions to the people. His study then deals with the extension of the principle of collegiality and participation of social organizations concerning the nomination of civil servants ; furthermore, he studies the methods of objective evaluation of their activities. In the end, Mr Lazarev treats the responsabilities of the State’s employees thus concluding a study of an undoubtable informative interest.
La réforme de la Fonction publique en Pologne
Authors: Letowski Janusz 
Published: January 2024

The reform of the civil service in Poland
In Poland, the Work Code regulates uniformly the situation of all workers. Still, the specific aspects of administrative activity made necessary a specific reglementation for the rights and obligations of civil servants ; furthermore, recents reforms in local administration have modified the situation of the employees of the people’s councils. The new provisions concerning civil servants aim to reinforce hierarchical authority while assuring a sufficient protection to the staff of the State.
Réforme administrative pour le développement économique et social (1976-1982)
Authors: Carrillo Castro Alejandro 
Published: January 2024

Reforma administrativa para el desarrollo económico y social (1976-1982). La reforma de estructuras y de funcionamiento de la Administración Pública Mexicana, puesta en marcha por el gobierno actual, causó un análisis crítico de las estructuras existentes. Es fundamentalmente obra de la voluntad política marcada del Presidente de la República. La tarea esencial es la de vencer las resistencias al cambio persistentes a varios niveles a fines de continuar el proceso de descentralización de decisiones todavía excesivamente concentrado y de llegar a una verdadera coordinación de las acciones públicas tanto vertical qué horizontal, o sea, territorialmente. Asimismo habrá que dar mayor empuje a las reformas institucionales encomendadas a los titulares de todos los niveles para poder contar con mecanismos eficientes de programación, control, evaluación, información y toma de decisiones.
Lo que importa para lograr esta transformación del cuerpo administrativo a corto y medio plazo es que el esfuerzo sea mantenido por los responsables de la Administración.
Lutter contre le sous-développement administratif de certaines régions : le problème des services publics en milieu rural
Authors: Fabre Corinne 
Published: January 2024

The public service problem in rural areas. In order to keep abreast of the evolutionary process, our administrative System has to face the fundamental and urgent problem of conceiving a new organization of public services and adapting their conditions of establishment and functioning to the constraints of under-populated rural areas. The problem’s link with the forthcoming development of local government tasks sets it in the context of current events, for indeed the growing tasks of Communes and Departments, the decrease of technical standards and the globalization of the financial assistance of the State prompt the need for a redefinition of the roe of administrations, in particular on the local level.
For such a redefinition the service organization is one of the major but not exclusive aspects, since there is also, just as important, the necessary improvement of the welcome service and even more so the information of the public, and the better relations policy between administration and users, for which the need is being felt every day more strongly.
L’influence de la crise de l’énergie sur l’administration française : le cas de l’administration de l’énergie
Authors: Massenet Violaine 
Published: January 2024

Effects of the energy crisis on the french administration : the case of the energy administration. The efforts undertaken by the public authorities to parry the main effects of the oil crisis and limit the energy dependence of France have been pursued on two levels : first develop an energy saving policy ; second promote oil replacement energies.
Three avenues have been explored in respect of the energy savings policy : fighting wastage ; implementation of energy saving or energy recovering techniques ; and encouraging new techniques.
As regards new energies, policies adopted have aimed at encouraging their breakthrough by financing part of their excess cost, the main obstacle to their actual utilization.
These policies have been institutionalized through the Agency for Energy Savings, New Energies Delegation and the Solar Energy Directorate. This reaction of the French Energy Administration towards the emergence of a new economic order has raised several problems since what was involved concerned not so much an adjustment to a gradually changing situation, ail aspects of which were under control, but a confrontation with an unforeseen event with the following results : the need for quick action, the lack of any preset model, and no possibility to examine the implications of decisions taken.
Un monopole d’État : la prévision économique et sociale en France
Authors: Jobert Bruno 
Published: January 2024

A state monopoly : economic and social forecasting in France. Setting out on the often conflicting relations between administrators and researchers, the author underlines the antagonizing professional logics of research and administration. An analysis of the insertion of planning into the French administration shows up the conditions under which these conflicting requirements may be reconciled.
The main conclusion to be drawn from this study of the French forecasting machinery seems to be the factual monopoly enjoyed by the executive body for using the major forecasting agencies, none of which can explore in-depth the economic and social policy assumptions that would disagree with those of the ruling political elite. Concretely, the question is whether a larger accessibility of economic and social information will be brought about by developing agencies which are more independent from the executive or by increasing outside the State the number of competing forecasting bodies related to the big social movements.
L’environnement politique de l’Administration publique dans les pays d’Amérique Latine
Authors: Brewer-Carías Allan-Randolph 
Published: January 2024

The political environment of public administration in latin american countries
While considering Administration to be the first and foremost means of political section of the State, the author aims at pinpointing the most salient factors therefore. Thus present-day Public Administration in Latin American Countries appears largely determined by a number of common features : mature independence and social integration ; a central political action focus and a presidential executive system ; the weakness of political institutions, in particular parliament and judicature ; the preeminence of political parties ; excessive State intervention, and corruption. Pushed by its political environment, Public Administration ought not to content itself with adjusting to changing political conditions, but is to perform a leading role towards change on account of its leading position in the process of development.
La décentralisation territoriale en Amérique Latine
Authors: Baecque Francis de 
Published: January 2024

Territorial decentralization in Latin America
F. de Baecque introduces papers and discussions of a seminar under his chairmanship at the IIAP on territorial decentralization in Latin America, with seven case studies on Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Haiti, Mexico, Uruguay and Venezuela. A confrontation of data leads to three remarks.
— despite the differences among these countries, they have features in common both as regards structures and in terms of recent developments in each country ;
— the powers available to decentralized bodies is rather weak ;
— decentralization is quite limited in scope.
Les lois de la « troisième génération des droits de l’homme » ; ébauche d’étude comparative
Authors: Holleaux André 
Published: January 2024

Legislation based on a “third generation of human rights”

A whole series of laws issued in 1978 and 1979 embodies a fundamental right to information or delineates a’third generation of human rights’. Although the various texts had been commented on piecemeal in the past, no synthetic study on them has been available thus far. The author has attempted to fill this gap by analyzing one by one the different common features of this legislation, its inter-relations, and the novelty of telematics.
This study shows that, whatever the ‘generation’, these laws conferring rights to individuals need, in order to become actually applicable, a fundamental political intent operating right down to the base and as the result of custom which takes time to shape up. The ‘third generation’ rights are still beset by teething troubles, which means that their application will have to evolve with time ; they will reach maturity at a later stage... if ever, according to society and the whims of EDP, telematics and the audiovisual media.
La gestion de la recherche publique au Royaume-Uni
Authors: Postal Patrick 
Published: January 2024

Gestión de la investigación pública en el reino unido.
El autor analiza el sistema británico de la gestión de la investigación pública cuyas características son la decentralización avanzada de la gestión de la investigación y la importancia attríbuída a los mecanismos del mercado. Tres aspectos mayores se destacan en resumen del sistema actual : hay un presupuesto para la investigación fundamental administrado por la comunidad científica ; los ministerios quedan responsables de su presupuesto para la investigación aplicada, debiendo utilizarse los fondos respectivos según el criterio de la mejor relación coste - eficacia ; no hay una política global definida para la investigación, ya que no hay mucha coordinación.