bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an intuitive visualization system for measuring the melt electrowritten (MEW) jet diameter along the spinline
Authors: Zhou Zhiguang , Lu Ke , Wang Haoxuan , Ashour Sherry , Chen Hangyue , Xu Huaizhong , Xu Ting 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMelt electrowriting (MEW) is a young and promising additive manufacturing technology for producing high‐precision scaffolds. In this study, we develop an intuitive visualization system enabling users to measure MEW jet diameters along the spinline without programming knowledge. The digital measurement adopts the same theory as our reported manual measurement. The maximum error between the digitally and manually measured data is smaller than 9%, suggesting that the open‐source system developed here is reliable in measuring jet diameters.
A novel approach to enhance the mechanical behavior of glass epoxy laminates with sustainable recycled milled fillers
Authors: Elango Indhumathi , Santulli Carlo , Vellayaraj Arumugam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aerospace, automotive, and energy industries can use fiber‐reinforced composites due to their high specific strength and stiffness. However, unexpected external impacts in work cause internal damage and residual strength loss in composite structures. Another ongoing issue is the sustainable management of composite materials' end‐of‐life. The quasi‐static indentation properties of glass epoxy composites are investigated in this study using different kinds of novel filler materials that are recycled from old composite materials: recycled milled carbon (rmCF), recycled milled Kevlar filler (rmKF), and an innovative hybrid filler (rmBF) composed of recycled milled carbon and Kevlar fillers (rmBF). Surface roughness and hardness studies assessed the quasi‐static indentation (QSI) response of neat glass epoxy and glass epoxy composites loaded with fillers using indentation force, absorbed energy, residual dent depth, and evolution of damage area. Compared to the baseline samples, the rmCF composites performed exceptionally well, showing a 16% increase in peak force, a 59% decrease in damaged area, and a 6.32% and 22.5% reduction in surface roughness, respectively (Ra and Sa). After QSI tests, rmC filler samples had 26.8% higher residual flexural strength than neat glass epoxy composites in a three‐point bending test. Through toughening mechanisms like filler interlocking and bridging, micrographs captured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that recycled fillers provide a higher level of stiffness, better energy dissipation, less damaged area, and overall improved hardness.Highlights
Recycled milled carbon (rmCF) and Kevlar hybrid fillers (rmKF) have been integrated into glass/epoxy composites.
The damage tolerance of glass epoxy composites was as a whole significantly improved by the rmCF integration.
The Kevlar fillers' inadequate adhesion and interlaminar shear strength were compensated for by the Hybrid fillers (rmBF).
Micrographs taken with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) clearly show the fillers' role in the resistance to damage propagation processes.
The influence of motivation climate on university student engagement in distance education during the pandemic: Moderating role of self‐regulation
Authors: Fu Jianping , Li Xiaoshan , Yi Fang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo investigate the influence of motivation climate and self‐regulation on university student engagement in distance education (DE) during the pandemic, a total of 436 Chinese university students were invited to participate in the online survey (including demographic variables, Chinese version of engagement scale, the perceived motivational climate scale, and the self‐regulated learning abilities scale) in the Spring semester, 2020. Bicorrelation and regression analysis were used to explore the relationship among studied variables. Results showed that mastery motivation climate had a positive relation with student engagement, while performance motivation climate had a negative relation with it. Self‐regulation could strengthen the positive relationship between mastery motivation climate and student engagement. However, the moderating role of self‐regulation was not found in the relationship between performance motivation climate and student engagement. These findings could enrich our understanding about the motivation climate–student engagement relationship from self‐regulation perspective and have implications for DE during the pandemic.
The effect of peer bullying on academic achievement: A meta‐analysis study related to results of TIMSS and PIRLS
Authors: Ozyildirim Gulnar , Karadağ Engin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFocusing on the variables that can affect both academic achievement and the well‐being of students has been crucial for their development, making schools effective and designing educational policy as well as curriculum. The study has aimed to investigate the effect of peer bullying on academic achievement and to determine moderators in the relationship between these two terms by using TIMSS (The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) and PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study) data through the meta‐analysis method. Based on seven international survey data sets from TIMSS (2003, 2007, 2011, and 2015) and PIRLS (2006, 2011, and 2016), the current research has focused on 793 independent findings, including 3,503,005 students in 77 countries. In the analysis process, the mean effect size was measured by using the coefficient of standardized means (Cohen's d) based on the random effect model. In addition, the significance of the moderator variables was calculated by using the Q statistic. The findings of the study revealed that peer bullying had a significant effect on academic achievement, and in this effect, grades of the students and course types played moderator roles, while the culture of the countries was not a moderator. It could be concluded that the effect of peer relationships not only on the social development of students but also on their academic performance should not be ignored.
An autonomous UAV system based on adaptive LiDAR inertial odometry for practical exploration in complex environments
Authors: Kim Boseong , Azhari Maulana Bisyir , Park Jaeyong , Shim David Hyunchul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer many advantages over ground vehicles, including quadruped robots, based on high maneuverability when performing exploration in complex and unknown environments. However, due to their limited computational capability, UAVs require lightweight but accurate state estimation algorithms for reliable exploration. In this paper, we propose a segmented map‐based exploration system based on light detection and ranging (LiDAR)‐based state estimation for UAVs. The proposed system includes capabilities such as exploration, obstacle avoidance, and object detection with localization using three‐dimensional (3D) dense maps generated by tightly coupled LiDAR Inertial Odometry (LIO). Our proposed system is a hybrid system that can switch between guided and exploration modes, making it practical for search and rescue missions in disaster scenarios. The proposed LIO algorithm adapts to its surroundings, allowing for fast and accurate state estimation in complex environments. The proposed exploration algorithm is designed to cover specific regions in the 3D dense map generated by the proposed LIO, with the UAV determining if map points are included within the coverage area. We tested the proposed system in both simulation and real‐world environments and validated that the proposed system outperforms state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in various aspects such as localization accuracy and exploration efficiency in complex environments.
Designing Compatible Ceramic/Polymer Composite Solid‐State Electrolyte for Stable Silicon Nanosheet Anodes
Authors: Liu Xianzheng , Wang Dong , Wang Xintong , Wang Deyu , Li Yan , Fu Jie , Zhang Rui , Liu Zhiyuan , Zhou Yuanzhao , Wen Guangwu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe commercialization of silicon anode for lithium‐ion batteries has been hindered by severe structure fracture and continuous interfacial reaction against liquid electrolytes, which can be mitigated by solid‐state electrolytes. However, rigid ceramic electrolyte suffers from large electrolyte/electrode interfacial resistance, and polymer electrolyte undergoes poor ionic conductivity, both of which are worsened by volume expansion of silicon. Herein, by dispersing Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) into poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐hexafluoropropylene (PVDF‐HFP) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix, the PVDF‐HFP/PEO/LATP (PHP‐L) solid‐state electrolyte with high ionic conductivity (1.40 × 10−3 S cm−1), high tensile strength and flexibility is designed, achieving brilliant compatibility with silicon nanosheets. The chemical interactions between PVDF‐HFP and PEO, LATP increase amorphous degree of polymer, accelerating Li+ transfer. Good flexibility of the PHP‐L contributes to adaptive structure variation of electrolyte with silicon expansion/shrinkage, ensuring swift interfacial ions transfer. Moreover, the solid membrane with high tensile limits electrode structural degradation and eliminates continuous interfacial growth to form stable 2D solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film, achieving superior cyclic performance to liquid electrolytes. The Si//PHP‐L15//LiFePO4 solid‐state full‐cell exhibits stable lithium storage with 81% capacity retention after 100 cycles. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of composite solid electrolyte in addressing fundamental interfacial and performance challenges of silicon anodes.
How to Stabilize the Current of Efficient Inverted Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells at the Maximum Power Point
Authors: Ma Xingjuan , Peng Wenli , Jiang Shusen , Li Mingpo , Zhang Aihua , Li Cheng , Li Xin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInverted flexible perovskite cells (fPSCs) have attracted much attention for their high efficiency and power per weight. Still, the steady–state output is one of the critical factors for their commercialization. In this paper, it is found that the steady–state current of inverted fPSCs based on nickel oxide nanoparticles (n‐NiOx) continuously decreases under light illumination. Conversely, those based on magnetron‐sputtered NiOx (sp‐NiOx) exhibit the opposite result. Based on visualization of ion migration in the photoluminescence (PL) imaging microscopy tests, the discrepancies in the buried surfaces lead to the differences in ion migration in perovskite films, which triggers the temporary instability of the output current of devices during operation. The DFT theoretical calculation and experimental results reveal that NiOx films with different contents of Ni vacancies can modulate the crystallization of the perovskite films on the NiOx surfaces. Tuning the crystallization of the perovskite films is essential to stabilize the output current of fPSCs at a steady state. To demonstrate that, capsaicin is doped into the perovskite solutions to improve the quality of the perovskite buried interface. Finally, the corresponding fPSCs exhibit outstanding efficiency and stability during operation. These results provide valuable scientific guidance for fabricating fPSCs with stable operation under illumination conditions.
Highly efficient and eco‐friendly enhancement of polyvinyl chloride thermal stability: A renewable cinnamate‐intercalated calcium aluminum hydrotalcite stabilizer
Authors: Mei Xue , Jiang Pingping , Zhang Pingbo , Cui Zhixuan , Chen Shijun , Sheng Xunxun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the development of green chemistry, PVC thermal stabilizers should be developed in the direction of non‐toxic, environmental protection, and high efficiency. This study utilized natural Cinnamic acid to successfully synthesize an eco‐friendly and high‐performance cinnamate‐intercalated calcium aluminum hydrotalcite through the coprecipitation method. The structure of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs was analyzed via XRD, IR, SEM, and thermogravimetric analyses. The CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs/PVC sample was thoroughly investigated using multiple techniques, including tests, such as oven aging, thermogravimetric analysis, Congo red analysis, and conductivity analysis. Compared with the commercial thermal stabilizers CaSt2/ZnSt2 and CaAl‐CO3‐LDHs, CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs demonstrated superior initial whiteness and exceptional long‐term thermal stability, it did not completely blacken until 120 min. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the addition of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs could improve the plasticizing performance of PVC. CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs also had a synergistic effect with ZnSt2, with a static thermal stabilization time of up to 40.5 min. Through HCl absorption experiments to investigate the thermal stabilization mechanism, the results showed that CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs can effectively absorb HCl released during PVC degradation.Highlights
By utilizing natural organic Cinnamic acid, Calcium nitrate, and Aluminum nitrate as raw materials, all from a wide range of sources, the reaction process eliminated the need for toxic solvents and a large number of chemicals.
The preparation process of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs was simple and the reaction time was short.
Comprehensive tests showcased the exceptional long‐term thermal stability of the CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs/PVC sample.
The addition of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs can improve the plasticizing property of PVC.
The mechanism of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs was capable of absorbing HCl released during PVC degradation.
Persistent disparities between trauma center types in the management of children with high‐grade blunt splenic injuries
Authors: Aoki Makoto , Katsura Morihiro , Matsumoto Shokei , Matsushima Kazuhide 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the early 2000s, substantial variations were reported in the management of pediatric patients with blunt splenic injury (BSI). The purpose of this study was to assess the recent trends and disparities between different types of trauma centers. We hypothesized that there would be persistent disparities despite decreased trends in the rate of splenectomy.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program database. We included patients (age ≤18 years) with high‐grade BSI (Abbreviated Injury Scale 3–5) between 2014 and 2021. The patients were divided into three groups based on trauma center types (adult trauma centers [ATCs], mixed trauma centers [MTCs], and pediatric trauma centers [PTCs]). The primary outcome was the splenectomy rate. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between trauma center types and clinical outcomes. Additionally, the trends in the rate of splenectomy at ATCs, MTCs, and PTCs were evaluated.ResultsA total of 6601 patients with high‐grade BSI were included in the analysis. Overall splenectomy rates were 524 (17.5%), 448 (16.3%), and 32 (3.7%) in the ATC, MTC, and PTC groups, respectively. ATCs and MTCs had significantly higher splenectomy rates compared to PTCs (ATCs: OR = 5.72, 95%CI = 3.78–8.67, and p < 0.001 and MTCs: OR = 4.50, 95%CI = 2.97–6.81, and p < 0.001), while decreased trends in the splenectomy rates were observed in ATCs and MTCs (ATCs: OR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.87–0.97, and p = 0.003 and MTCs: OR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.87–0.98, and p = 0.013).ConclusionsThis study suggested persistent disparities between different trauma center types in the management of children with high‐grade BSI.
Degenerating products of flag varieties and applications to the Breuil–Mézard conjecture
Authors: Bartlett Robin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe consider closed subschemes in the affine grassmannian obtained by degenerating e-fold products of flag varieties, embedded via a tuple of dominant cocharacters. For $$G= {\text {GL}}_2$$

G
=

GL
2

, and cocharacters small relative to the characteristic, we relate the cycles of these degenerations to the representation theory of G. We then show that these degenerations smoothly model the geometry of (the special fibre of) low weight crystalline subspaces inside the Emerton–Gee stack classifying p-adic representations of the Galois group of a finite extension of $${\mathbb {Q}}_p$$

Q
p

. As an application we prove new cases of the Breuil–Mézard conjecture in dimension two.
Genotyping of SNPs in bread wheat at reduced cost from pooled experiments and imputation
Authors: Clouard Camille , Nettelblad Carl 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Key message
Pooling and imputation are computational methods that can be combined for achieving cost-effective and accurate high-density genotyping of both common and rare variants, as demonstrated in a MAGIC wheat population.

Abstract
The plant breeding industry has shown growing interest in using the genotype data of relevant markers for performing selection of new competitive varieties. The selection usually benefits from large amounts of marker data, and it is therefore crucial to dispose of data collection methods that are both cost-effective and reliable. Computational methods such as genotype imputation have been proposed earlier in several plant science studies for addressing the cost challenge. Genotype imputation methods have though been used more frequently and investigated more extensively in human genetics research. The various algorithms that exist have shown lower accuracy at inferring the genotype of genetic variants occurring at low frequency, while these rare variants can have great significance and impact in the genetic studies that underlie selection. In contrast, pooling is a technique that can efficiently identify low-frequency items in a population, and it has been successfully used for detecting the samples that carry rare variants in a population. In this study, we propose to combine pooling and imputation and demonstrate this by simulating a hypothetical microarray for genotyping a population of recombinant inbred lines in a cost-effective and accurate manner, even for rare variants. We show that with an adequate imputation model, it is feasible to accurately predict the individual genotypes at lower cost than sample-wise genotyping and time-effectively. Moreover, we provide code resources for reproducing the results presented in this study in the form of a containerized workflow.
Analysis of suicides in the catchment area of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich Switzerland
Authors: Gübelin Larissa , Dobay Akos , Golomingi Raffael , Thali Michael , Ebert Lars , Franckenberg Sabine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and objective
Suicide has a profound impact on both the affected families and society at large. Among young adults it even ranks as the fourth leading cause of death. Therefore, analysis of suicides is crucial for enhancing prevention strategies. This study aims to (I) investigate sex and age differences, (II) differences in methods and (III) locations (urban vs. rural) among those who committed suicide over a time period of 10 years in the catchment area of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich.

Material and methods
The archive of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich was searched for postmortem examinations and autopsy reports from completed suicides over a time period of 10 years. All relevant data were extracted from the written reports and five age groups were defined (group I ≤ 30 years, group II 31–44 years, group III 45–54 years, group IV 55–64 years and group V > 64 years). Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis one-way variance analysis by rank was used for the statistical analysis on each criterion.

Results
Of the 1174 individuals included in the study, 72% were male, and 28% were female, with a mean age of approximately 52 years at the time of suicide. No relevant change was observed in the male-to-female ratio over the 10 years; however, women showed a trend toward a lower age at suicide. In terms of suicide methods, men had a higher rate of shooting (21.2% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.1) and hanging (24.4% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.1), whereas women had a higher rate of intoxication (21.6% vs. 9.0%, p < 0.1). The choice of suicide method also varied across age groups. Regarding location, completed suicides declined in urban regions but increased in rural regions.

Conclusion
Prevention plans should be reviewed, especially given the trend toward younger women completing suicide. Suicide prevention remains a major sociopolitical challenge that demands continuous review and the adaptation of suicide prevention strategies.
Comparison of the nutrient content of commercially purchased medium seed brown lentils with the world’s leading database
Authors: Répás Zoltán , Győri Zoltan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to ensure that comparing the mineral content of the lentil and the amount of nutrients published by the world's leading organizations. The samples were randomly and subjectively selected from different retail outlets. Fifteen types of medium seed brown lentil from fifteen different distributors were obtained and analyzed for moisture, protein, Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and S content. Descriptive statistics were done and for comparisons. Shapiro–Wilk test was first conducted to assess normality. When data followed a normal distribution, T-test was used, and when not, Wilcoxon signed rank test (P-values = 0.05). The results of the measurements were compared with data from several FAO/INFOODS food composition databases, as well as the Canadian National Food Composition Database, USDA Food Data Central, United Kingdom, Australian Food Composition Database, and Indian food composition tables. The evaluation of the measurement results showed significant differences (p = 0.05) in the amount of Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, and Cu compared to the amounts listed in the world's leading databases in most cases. Our results were also examined from a dietary perspective to determine if the differences had practical significance. The results of the Canadian samples were compared with the Canadian database, there was a significant difference amount of Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, and Mn. For each discrepancy, more than the quantitative values published in the databases were measured, in the case of Ca, Mg, and Fe almost double.
Die Video-Verhandlung: Wegweiser in die Zukunft des Arzthaftungsprozesses?
Authors: Wenzel Frank , Braun Julia 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Aufsatz beleuchtet die gegenwärtigen Möglichkeiten einer virtuellen Prozessführung nach §128a ZPO und bewertet den von der Bundesregierung eingebrachten Gesetzesentwurf zur Förderung des Einsatzes von Videokonferenztechnik in der Zivilgerichtsbarkeit im Hinblick auf die geplante Reform dieser Norm. Die Autoren analysieren aus anwaltlicher Perspektive die Vor- und Nachteile einer Videoverhandlung speziell bei der Durchführung eines Arzthaftungsprozesses und klären, ob Online-Verhandlungen tatsächlich den Weg in die Zukunft weisen und zu einer ,,effizienteren Verfahrensführung‘‘ führen werden. Dazu wird zunächst dargestellt, wo ,,der andere Ort‘‘ nach §128a ZPO liegen kann. Sodann werden die Vor- und Nachteile einer digitalen Prozessführung gegeneinander abgewogen und ein Ausblick in die Zukunft des Arzthaftungsprozesses geben.