bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and preliminary evaluation of a novel procedure for creation of an ileal conduit stoma aimed at preventing parastomal hernia
Authors: Tanaka Toshiaki , Yamasaki Koji , Nofuji Seisuke , Maehana Takeshi , Shindo Tetsuya , Kyoda Yuki , Hashimoto Kohei , Kobayashi Ko , Masumori Naoya 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesOur previous study suggested that the operative procedure is critical for the development of parastomal hernia. We developed a novel procedure for the creation of an ileal conduit stoma to prevent parastomal hernia. Herein we evaluate the efficacy and safety of the procedure.MethodsA total of 113 Japanese patients underwent radical cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion for bladder cancer from January 2017 through December 2021 at our institution. After excluding those with incomplete data, 103 patients consisting of 46 (44.7%) with the conventional procedure and 57 (55.3%) with the novel procedure were consecutively enrolled. The main points of the novel procedure are as follows: (1) the passage of the ileal conduit is ≤2.4 cm in diameter in principle; (2) the posterior rectus sheath and peritoneum are vertically incised 2 cm laterally from the middle of the stoma site to make an oblique passage for the ileal conduit; and (3) the anterior rectus sheath and posterior rectus sheath with peritoneum are fixed to the ileal conduit separately.ResultsRadiography‐based parastomal hernia was observed in 11 patients (10.7%) with a median follow‐up of 22.0 months. The incidences of parastomal hernia were 3.5% and 19.6% in the novel and the conventional procedure groups, respectively (p = 0.011). The former had a significantly lower cumulative incidence of parastomal hernia (p = 0.008, log‐rank test). No specific complications associated with the procedure were observed.ConclusionsThe results of the preliminary cohort study suggest that the novel procedure is safe and effective for the prevention of parastomal hernia.
Identification and function of the Pax gene Bmgsb in the silk gland of Bombyx mori
Authors: Yang Hongguo , Xu Yongping , Yuan Yutong , Liu Xuebing , Zhang Jikailang , Li Jiaojiao , Zhang Ran , Cao Jun , Cheng Tingcai , Liu Chun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPaired box (Pax) genes are highly conserved throughout evolution, and the Pax protein is an important transcription factor of embryonic development. The Pax gene Bmgsb is expressed in the silk glands of silkworm, but its biological functions remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern of Bmgsb in the silk gland and explore its functions using RNA interference (RNAi). Here, we identified eight Pax genes in Bombyx mori. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the B. mori Pax genes were highly homologous to the Pax genes in other insects and highly evolutionarily conserved. The tissue expression profile showed that Bmgsb was expressed in the anterior silk gland and anterior part of the middle silk gland (AMSG). RNAi of Bmgsb resulted in defective development of the AMSG, and the larvae were mostly unable to cocoon in the wandering stage. RNA‐seq analysis showed that the fibroin genes fib‐l, fib‐h and p25, cellular heat shock response‐related genes and phenol oxidase genes were considerably upregulated upon Bmgsb knockdown. Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR results showed that the fibroin genes and ubiquitin proteolytic enzyme‐related genes were significantly upregulated in the AMSG after Bmgsb knockdown. This study provides a foundation for future research on the biological functions of B. mori Pax genes. In addition, it demonstrates the important roles of Bmgsb in the transcriptional regulation of fibroin genes and silk gland development.
Attention control in preterm and term 5‐month‐old infants: Cross‐task stability increases with gestational age
Authors: Perra Oliver , Winstanley Alice , Sperotto Rebecca , Gattis Merideth 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCross‐task stability refers to performance consistency across different settings and measures of the same construct. Cross‐task stability can help us understand developmental processes, including how risks such as preterm birth affect outcomes. We investigated cross‐task stability of attention control in 32 preterm and 39 term infants. All infants had the same chronological age at time of testing (5 months) but varied in gestational age (GA) at birth (30–42 weeks). Infants completed an experimental attention following task with a researcher and a naturalistic play observation with their mothers. Both preterm and term infants demonstrated attention following in the experimental task. GA and flexibility of attention were related: the likelihood of no turn trials decreased with increasing GA. To evaluate cross‐task stability, we compared attention performance in the experimental and naturalistic settings. Flexible attention shifts on the experimental task were positively related to attention to objects in the naturalistic observation. Furthermore, the association between flexible attention shifts on the experimental task and attention to objects in the naturalistic observation was moderated by GA. Our study provides initial evidence that the consolidation of attention control increases with GA. These findings highlight the value of comparing experimental and observational measures of attention.
Enhancing nurses’ perceptions of having a place to reduce turnover intentions
Authors: Chang Hao‐Yuan , Lee I‐Chen , Huang Tzu‐Ling , Ho Lun‐Hui , Chen Li‐Chen , Cheng T. C. E. , Teng Ching‐I 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate whether education, tenure, being an advanced practice nurse, skill level, and time pressure impact perceptions of “having a place” and, further, turnover intentions.BackgroundNursing shortages persist worldwide. Nurses’ turnover intentions are negatively related to their perceptions of “having a place” (i.e., the feeling that the nursing workplace is their territory). However, the sources of nurses’ perceptions of the perception of “having a place” remain unknown.MethodsOur research employed a cross‐sectional and correlational design. This research was conducted at a large‐scale hospital in northern Taiwan from December 2021 to January 2022. We used personnel data pertaining to 430 nurses as well as scales for time pressure, “having a place” and turnover intentions to assess nurses’ intention to leave their place of employment. The inclusion criteria focused on full‐time nurses who worked for the hospital under investigation. Most of our participants were women. The STROBE statement was used as the EQUATOR checklist (supplemental file).Results“Having a place” was positively related to educational level, tenure, and skill level, while being an advanced practice nurse was negatively associated with perceptions of “having a place,” which in turn were negatively related to turnover intention among nurses.ConclusionOur study is the first to examine the antecedents of nurses’ perceptions of “having a place,” which include education, tenure, and skill level.Implications for nursing policyNursing policymakers could encourage nurses to pursue higher degrees and update their nursing skills while instilling perceptions of “having a place” in nurses with a brief tenure and advanced practice nurses.
Views of family members on using video calls during the hospital admission of a patient: A qualitative study
Authors: in de Braekt Anna , Coolen Celeste M. , Maaskant Jolanda M. , de Man‐van Ginkel Janneke M. , Eskes Anne M. , Jongerden Irene P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundUtilization of video calls on hospital wards to facilitate involvement of and communication with family members is still limited. A deeper understanding of the needs and expectations of family members regarding video calls on hospital wards is necessary, to identify potential barriers and facilitate video calls in practice.AimThe aim of this study was to explore the views, expectations and needs of a patient's family members regarding the use of video calls between family members, patients and healthcare professionals, during the patient's hospital admission.MethodsA qualitative study was carried out. Semi‐structured interviews with family members of patients admitted to two hospitals were conducted between February and May 2022. Family members of patients admitted to the surgical, internal medicine and gynaecological wards were recruited.ResultsTwelve family members of patients participated. Family members stated that they perceive video calls as a supplemental option and prefer live visits during hospital admission. They expected video calls to initiate additional moments of contact with healthcare professionals, e.g. to join in medical rounds. When deploying video calls, family members mentioned that adequate instruction and technical support by nurses should be available.ConclusionFamily members considered video calls valuable when visiting is not possible or to participate in medical rounds or other contacts with healthcare professionals outside of visiting hours.ImplicationsFamily members need to be supported in options and use of video calls on hospital wards. Additional knowledge about actual participation in care through video calls is needed as well as the effect on patient, family and healthcare professional outcomes.ImpactUsing video calls on hospital wards can provide family members with flexible alternatives for contact and promote family involvement.Reporting MethodCOREQ guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionFamily members of patients admitted to hospital have contributed by sharing their perspectives in interviews.What does this paper contribute to the wider global clinical community?

Family members perceive additional value from the use of video calls on hospital wards.

For family, use of video calls needs to be facilitated with clear instruction materials and support.

Trial and Protocol RegistrationAmsterdam UMC Medical Ethics Review Committee (ref number W21_508 # 21.560).
Development and validation of a prediction model for self‐reported hypoglycemia risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Xu Hongmei , Yu Hangqing , Cheng Zhengnan , Mu Chun , Bao Di , Li Xiaohui , Xing Qiuling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo develop and validate a simple prediction model for hypoglycemia risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsWe prospectively analyzed the data of 1,303 subjects in a third‐class hospital in Tianjin and followed up their hypoglycemia events at 3 and 6 months. The hypoglycemia risk prediction models for 3 and 6 months were developed and the model performance was evaluated.ResultsA total of 340 (28.4%) patients experienced hypoglycemia within 3 months and 462 (37.2%) within 6 months during the follow‐up period. Age, central obesity, intensive insulin therapy, frequency of hypoglycemia in the past year, and hypoglycemia prevention education entered both model3month and model6month. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of model3month and model6month were 0.711 and 0.723, respectively. The Youden index was 0.315 and 0.361, while the sensitivities were 0.615 and 0.714, and the specificities were 0.717 and 0.631. The calibration curves showed that the models were similar to reality. The decision curves implied that the clinical net benefit of the model was clear.ConclusionsThe study developed 3 and 6 month hypoglycemia risk prediction models for patients with type 2 diabetes. The discrimination and calibration of the two prediction models were good, and might help to improve clinical decision‐making and guide patients to more reasonable self‐care and hypoglycemia prevention at home.
Epac2 activation mediates glucagon‐induced glucogenesis in primary rat hepatocytes
Authors: Shiozaki‐Takagi Yusuke , Ozaki Nobuaki , Toyoda Yukiyasu 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionGlucagon plays an essential role in hepatic glucogenesis by enhancing glycogen breakdown, inducing gluconeogenesis, and suppressing glycogenesis. Moreover, glucagon increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, thereby activating protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP guanine nucleotide exchange factor (also known as Epac). Although the function of PKA in the liver has been studied extensively, the function of hepatic Epac is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of Epac in mediating the action of glucagon on the hepatocytes.Materials and MethodsEpac mRNA and protein expression, localization, and activity in the hepatocytes were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and Rap1 activity assay, respectively. Additionally, we investigated the effects of an Epac‐specific activator, 8‐CPT, and an Epac‐specific inhibitor, ESI‐05, on glycogen metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes. Further mechanisms of glycogen metabolism were evaluated by examining glucokinase (GK) translocation and mRNA expression of gluconeogenic enzymes.ResultsEpac2, but not Epac1, was predominantly expressed in the liver. Moreover, 8‐CPT inhibited glycogen accumulation and GK translocation and enhanced the mRNA expression of gluconeogenic enzymes. ESI‐05 failed to reverse glucagon‐induced suppression of glycogen storage and partially inhibited glucagon‐induced GK translocation and the mRNA expression of gluconeogenic enzymes.ConclusionsEpac signaling plays a role in mediating the glucogenic action of glucagon in the hepatocytes.
Driving among individuals with chronic conditions: A systematic review of applied research using kinematic driving sensors
Authors: Mukherjee Srijani , McDonald Anthony D. , Kesler Shelli R. , Cuevas Heather , Swank Chad , Stevens Alan , Ferris Thomas K. , Danesh Valerie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundKinematic driving data studies are a novel methodology relevant to health care, but prior studies have considerable variance in their methods, populations, and findings suggesting a need for critical analysis and appraisal for feasibility and methodological guidelines.MethodsWe assessed kinematic driving studies of adults with chronic conditions for study feasibility, characteristics, and key findings, to generate recommendations for future study designs, and to identify promising directions for applications of kinematic driving data. PRISMA was used to guide the review and searches included PubMed, CINAHL, and Compendex. Of 379 abstract/titles screened, 49 full‐text articles were reviewed, and 29 articles met inclusion criteria of analyzing trip‐level kinematic driving data from adult drivers with chronic conditions.ResultsThe predominant chronic conditions studied were Alzheimer's disease and related Dementias, obstructive sleep apnea, and diabetes mellitus. Study objectives included feasibility testing of kinematic driving data collection in the context of chronic conditions, comparisons of simulation with real‐world kinematic driving behavior, assessments of driving behavior effects associated with chronic conditions, and prognostication or disease classification drawn from kinematic driving data. Across the studies, there was no consensus on devices, measures, or sampling parameters; however, studies showed evidence that driving behavior could reliably differentiate between adults with chronic conditions and healthy controls.ConclusionsVehicle sensors can provide driver‐specific measures relevant to clinical assessment and interventions. Using kinematic driving data to assess and address driving measures of individuals with multiple chronic conditions is positioned to amplify a functional outcome measure that matters to patients.
Associations of body habitus and its changes with incident dementia in older adults
Authors: Wu Zimu , Owen Alice , Woods Robyn L. , Cribb Lachlan , Alharbi Tagrid , Zhou Zhen , Chong Trevor T.‐J. , Orchard Suzanne G. , Shah Raj C. , Wolfe Rory , Torres Daniel , McNeil John J. , Sheets Kerry M. , Murray Anne M. , Ryan Joanne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), as well as their short‐ and long‐term changes over time, with incident dementia in older individuals.MethodsData came from 18,837 community‐dwelling individuals aged 65+ years from Australia and the United States, who were relatively healthy without major cognitive impairment at enrolment. Anthropometric measures were prospectively assessed at baseline, as well as change and variability from baseline to year two (three time‐points). In a subgroup (n = 11,176), self‐reported weight at age 18 and 70+ years was investigated. Dementia cases satisfied DSM‐IV criteria. Cox regression was used to examine the associations between anthropometric measures and incident risk of dementia.ResultsCompared to normal weight, an overweight (HR: 0.67, 95%CI: 0.57–0.79, p < 0.001) or obese BMI (HR: 0.73, 95%CI: 0.60–0.89, p = 0.002), or a larger WC (elevated, HR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.58–0.86, p < 0.001; highly elevated, HR: 0.65, 95%CI: 0.55–0.78, p < 0.001; relative to low) at baseline was associated with lower dementia risk. In contrast, substantial increases in BMI (>5%) over 2 years after baseline were associated with higher dementia risk (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.17–1.91, p = 0.001). Increased dementia risk was also seen with an underweight BMI at baseline and a 2‐year BMI decrease (>5%), but these associations appeared only in the first 4 years of follow‐up. Compared to normal weight at both age 18 and 70+ years, being obese at both times was associated with increased dementia risk (HR: 2.27, 95%CI: 1.22–4.24, p = 0.01), while obesity only at age 70+ years was associated with decreased risk (HR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.51–0.95, p = 0.02).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that long‐term obesity and weight gain in later life may be risk factors for dementia. Being underweight or having substantial weight loss in old age may be early markers of pre‐clinical dementia.
Energetics and clinical factors for the time required to walk 400 m: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA)
Authors: Cummings Steven R. , Lui Li‐Yung , Glynn Nancy W. , Mau Theresa , Cawthon Peggy M. , Kritchevsky Stephen B. , Coen Paul M. , Goodpaster Bret , Marcinek David J. , Hepple Russell T. , Patel Sheena , Newman Anne B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWalking slows with aging often leading to mobility disability. Mitochondrial energetics has been found to be associated with gait speed over short distances. Additionally, walking is a complex activity but few clinical factors that may be associated with walk time have been studied.MethodsWe examined 879 participants ≥70 years and measured the time to walk 400 m. We tested the hypothesis that decreased mitochondrial energetics by respirometry in muscle biopsies and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the thigh and is associated with longer time to walk 400 m. We also used cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess the energetic costs of walking: maximum oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and energy cost–capacity (the ratio of VO2, at a slow speed to VO2peak). In addition, we tested the hypothesis that selected clinical factors would also be associated with 400‐m walk time.ResultsLower Max OXPHOS was associated with longer walk time, and the association was explained by the energetic costs of walking, leg power, and weight. Additionally, a multivariate model revealed that longer walk time was also significantly associated with lower VO2peak, greater cost–capacity ratio, weaker leg power, heavier weight, hip and knee stiffness, peripheral neuropathy, greater perceived exertion while walking slowly, greater physical fatigability, less moderate‐to‐vigorous exercise, less sedentary time, and anemia. Significant associations between age, sex, muscle mass, and peripheral artery disease with 400‐m walk time were explained by other clinical and physiologic factors.ConclusionsLower mitochondrial energetics is associated with needing more time to walk 400 m. This supports the value of developing interventions to improve mitochondrial energetics. Additionally, doing more moderate‐to‐vigorous exercise, increasing leg power, reducing weight, treating hip and knee stiffness, and screening for and treating anemia may reduce the time required to walk 400 m and reduce the risk of mobility disability.
Fellowship‐trained physicians who let their geriatric medicine certification lapse: A national survey
Authors: Ross Kathryn , Lynn Lorna , Foley Kevin T. , Barczi Steven R. , Widera Eric , Parks Susan , Luz Clare , Colburn Jessica L. , Leff Bruce 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundOnly 62.6% of fellowship‐trained and American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM)‐certified geriatricians maintain their specialty certification in geriatric medicine, the lowest rate among all internal medicine subspecialties and the only subspecialty in which physicians maintain their internal medicine certification at higher rates than their specialty certification. This study aims to better understand underlying issues related to the low rate of maintaining geriatric medicine certification in order to inform geriatric workforce development strategies.MethodsEighteen‐item online survey of internists who completed a geriatric medicine fellowship, earned initial ABIM certification in geriatric medicine between 1999 and 2009, and maintained certification in internal medicine (and/or another specialty but not geriatric medicine). Survey domains: demographics, issues related to maintaining geriatric medicine certification, professional identity, and current professional duties.Results153/723 eligible completed surveys (21.5% response). Top reasons for not maintaining geriatric medicine certification were time (56%), cost of maintenance of certification (MOC) (45%), low Medicare reimbursement for geriatricians' work (32%), and no employer requirement to maintain geriatric medicine certification (31%). Though not maintaining geriatric medicine certification, 68% reported engaging in professional activities related to geriatric medicine. Reflecting on career decisions, 56% would again complete geriatric medicine fellowship, 21% would not, and 23% were unsure. 54% considered recertifying in geriatric medicine. 49% reported flexible MOC assessment options would increase likelihood of maintaining certification.ConclusionsThe value proposition of geriatric medicine certification needs strengthening. Geriatric medicine leaders must develop strategies and tactics to reduce attrition of geriatricians by enhancing the value of geriatric medicine expertise to key stakeholders.