bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black South African Middle-Class Engagements with Social Media and Digitised Food Cultures
Authors: Gysman Pamella 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The tastes and consumption patterns of the black middle class of South Africa have long been of interest to both media and researchers. The majority of this interest has been disproportionately focused on the lower end of the black middle class, with few researchers exploring the black middle class as bona fide bearers of cultural capital or how they legitimise their cultural capital and social status. Prevailing perceptions portray a homogenous, irresponsible, vapid, shallow and materialistic group obsessed with status. Based on a study which took a phenomenological exploration of the black middle class’s negotiation of ‘self’ and identity, this paper presents an analysis of how members of the contemporary black middle class of South Africa use social media; food narratives; and messages about taste, culinary skill, and food knowledge to craft empowering self-images. Focusing on two compelling performances—‘eating without food’ and ‘the cultured palate’ (my terms)—I draw attention to the complex ways in which this group navigate classed and racialised worlds. The analysis reveals that by developing what may seem to be unremarkable performative acts related to eating, preparing, and displaying food, members of the black middle class craft group identity and create ‘selves’ that reveal ingenuity and thoughtful knowledge about food, taste, global culture and their classed and racialised social positions.
The Languages of Food and Imagined Communities at a Somali Restaurant in Bellville, South Africa
Authors: Ondigi Anyona 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study is an ethnographic account of an ethnic restaurant of the Somali immigrant community in South Africa. It seeks to examine the role that a Somali restaurant plays with regard to the food cooked, served, and consumed as well as the linguistic and non-linguistic ways in which the guests, Somalis and non-Somalis, negotiate their ethnic and national identities and communities in relation to the food and the wider physical and social context of the restaurant, located in the Bellville region of South Africa. A secular environment, South Africa can also be described as fairly xenophobic and Afrophobic. For the collection of data, the study focused on the restaurateur, employees, and guests. The findings indicated that through food memories, habits, and practices, and an aura of conviviality and homeliness, the Somali and non-Somali immigrants developed and sustained a sense of community and solidarity. This is as opposed to the mainly commercial and uniform feel of western (or American) (or) fast food restaurants. As a corollary of this, it is the case that immigrants carry with them norms and values which ought to be drawn from by the host society.
Meaningful Communication but not Superficial Anthropomorphism Facilitates Human-Automation Trust Calibration: The Human-Automation Trust Expectation Model (HATEM)
Authors: Carter Owen B. J. , Loft Shayne , Visser Troy A. W. 
Published: December 2023

Objective The objective was to demonstrate anthropomorphism needs to communicate contextually useful information to increase user confidence and accurately calibrate human trust in automation. Background Anthropomorphism is believed to improve human-automation trust but supporting evidence remains equivocal. We test the Human-Automation Trust Expectation Model (HATEM) that predicts improvements to trust calibration and confidence in accepted advice arising from anthropomorphism will be weak unless it aids naturalistic communication of contextually useful information to facilitate prediction of automation failures. Method Ninety-eight undergraduates used a submarine periscope simulator to classify ships, aided by the Ship Automated Modelling (SAM) system that was 50% reliable. A between-subjects 2 × 3 design compared SAM appearance (anthropomorphic avatar vs. camera eye) and voice inflection (monotone vs. meaningless vs. meaningful), with the meaningful inflections communicating contextually useful information about automated advice regarding certainty and uncertainty. Results Avatar SAM appearance was rated as more anthropomorphic than camera eye, and meaningless and meaningful inflections were both rated more anthropomorphic than monotone. However, for subjective trust, trust calibration, and confidence in accepting SAM advice, there was no evidence of anthropomorphic appearance having any impact, while there was decisive evidence that meaningful inflections yielded better outcomes on these trust measures than monotone and meaningless inflections. Conclusion Anthropomorphism had negligible impact on human-automation trust unless its execution enhanced communication of relevant information that allowed participants to better calibrate expectations of automation performance. Application Designers using anthropomorphism to calibrate trust need to consider what contextually useful information will be communicated via anthropomorphic features.
Traumatic injuries by conducted electrical weapons: Case report of self-injury to the hand during stun gun training
Authors: Passalacqua Pierluigi , Pallocci Margherita , De Luca Lucilla , Zanovello Claudia , Bragaglia Mario , Treglia Michele 
Published: December 2023

The use of non-lethal weapons has spread worldwide, being introduced as an alternative to firearms in many countries such as the United States or the United Kingdom. Among non-lethal weapons, conducted electrical weapons have been adopted worldwide, to control unruly suspected criminals or to neutralise violent situations. The stun gun belongs to this category and is the most widely available, with more than 140,000 units in use by police officers in the field in the US, and an additional 100,000 electrical stun guns owned by civilians worldwide. In Italy, the use of conducted electrical weapons by law enforcement has only recently been introduced, with private use and commercialisation still prohibited, mainly due to controversies related to the potential dangers of such devices. Before the official adoption, several experiments had to be carried out, with mechanisms that reproduced the ballistics of the stun gun. Here we present the case of a man who suffered a self-injury trauma to his hand during a ballistics exercise with a crossbow loaded with stun gun probes.
Placebo and nocebo in the treatment of migraine: How much does real world effectiveness depend on contextual effects?
Authors: Basedau Hauke , Ornello Raffaele , Matteis Eleonora De , Davaasuren Bolortsetseg , Kadyrova Begimai , Vuralli Doga , Bozhenko Myroslav , Azizova Ilaha , Bitsadze Natia , Eralieva Elnura , Ashina Messoud , Mitsikostas Dimos , Puledda Francesca 
Published: December 2023

Purpose Treatments in medicine impact individuals beyond their intended effects, due to phenomena such as the placebo and nocebo effects. The placebo effect arises from the positive expectation of a treatment being beneficial, while the nocebo effect stems from the negative expectation of a treatment causing harm. Both in real-world practice and clinical trials, treatments can lead to outcomes unrelated to their intended mechanism of action, which we categorize as placebo and nocebo responses. These responses, combined with the inherent fluctuation in a condition's natural progression, regression to the mean, and random comorbidities, make up a significant part of the therapeutic experience. Particularly in pain management, placebo and nocebo effects play a substantial role. By addressing modifiable contextual factors such as patient expectations, lifestyle choices, and the therapeutic relationship, healthcare providers can enhance the effectiveness of migraine treatments, paving the way for a more comprehensive, individualized approach to patient care. We must also consider non-modifiable factors like personal experiences, beliefs, and information from social media and the internet. Conclusion This review offers a summary of our current understanding of the placebo and nocebo effects in migraine management.
Fabrication and characterization of modified POD membranes with ultra-high tensile strength through hydrogen bonding functioning and copolymerization
Authors: Huang Mengxiang , Li Lihong , Xie Wenlian , Yan Ni , Yuan Limin , Zhu Zhiqiang , Jiang Zhenlin 
Published: December 2023

A series of modified aromatic oxadiazole polymers were synthesized via condensation reactions of terephthalic dihydrazide (TPH) and varying amounts of Trimesic acid (H3BTC) in polyphosphoric acid (PPA). Pentaerythritol was introduced to construct intermolecular hydrogen bonds among polymeric chains, resulting in a three-dimensional network structure, and correlations between H-bonds and mechanic properties are discussed. Structures and mechanic properties of the polymers were characterized and analyzed. By investigation of molecular structure and membrane formation process of chemically modified and hydrogen bond-regulated polymer membranes, it was found that the modified polymer membranes retain the unique thermal stability, chemical stability, and good hydrophobicity of the POD rigid polymer. Additionally, hydrogen bonds not only significantly improve the overall quality of the membrane, but also play an important role in enhancing the mechanical properties of the membrane, as demonstrated in the highest observed of up to a maximum of 167.19 MPa. Furthermore, impact of H3BCT modification on light absorption and fluorescence performance of T-PODx is also analyzed and discussed in this paper.
Mental health interventions for children and young people with long-term health conditions in Children and Young People’s Mental Health Services in England
Authors: King Thomas , Hui Gladys CM , Muschialli Luke , Shafran Roz , Ritchie Benjamin , Hargreaves Dougal S , Heyman Isobel , Griffiths Helen , Bennett Sophie 
Published: December 2023

Background Almost a quarter of children and young people (CYP) in England have a long-term health condition (LTC), which increases the risk of developing mental health difficulties. There is a lack of understanding regarding the routine provision and efficacy of mental health interventions for CYP with LTCs within Children and Young People’s Mental Health Services (CYPMHS). Methods This study analysed national service-reported data in England from two secondary datasets. Data were submitted by services between 2011 and 2019. We evaluated data on the presence or absence of a serious physical health or neurological issue, and which interventions were offered. Results A total of 789 CYP had serious physical health issues and 635 had neurological issues. The most common interventions delivered to CYP in either group have some evidence in the literature. Most CYP showed improvements across a range of outcomes. Conclusions This study found that prevalence rates and psychological intervention and outcome data were widely under-reported across both datasets, posing questions about their utility for this population. Such data would benefit from triangulation with data from other sources to understand pathways of care for these young people and the extent to which clinical datasets underreport the number of CYP with LTCs.
Alterations and predictive value of blood routine parameters in patients with lupus enteritis: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Wen-Xin , Xiong Jin-He 
Published: December 2023

Background Lupus enteritis (LE) is prone to incorrect and missed diagnoses. LE primarily occurs during the active stage of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which often manifests with alterations in peripheral blood cell that may serve as indicators of disease activity and organ damage. This study aims to investigate the alterations and predictive value of routine blood parameters for LE diagnosis. Methods This exploratory study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 36 patients with SLE who were admitted to Suining Central Hospital between January 2006 and April 2023. Additionally, a control group consisting of 72 SLE patients without LE, matched for sex and age, was enrolled. A comparison was made between the two groups regarding clinical characteristics and changes in routine blood parameters. Binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors and evaluate their diagnostic performance for LE. Results The LE group exhibited significantly higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), along with a lower lymphocyte count (LYM), compared to the control group ( p < .05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that NLR independently predicted the onset of LE, with an odds ratio of 1.347 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.070–1.696 ( p < .01). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that NLR had an area under the curve of 0.68 for diagnosing LE ( p < .05). When the cutoff value was set at 2.44, the Youden Index was only 0.31. Conclusion Significant differences were observed in several routine parameters between patients with LE and the control group, which can be attributed to the occurrence of LE during the active stage of SLE. However, only the NLR emerged as an independent risk factor for LE,and its predicting vulue for was insufficient; no blood routine parameter has been identified as an reliable predictor for LE.
Burnout among European IBD specialists: a survey supported by ECCO
Authors: Dávid Anett , Volosin Márta , Farkas Klaudia , Resál Tamás , Keresztes Csilla , Rafael Beatrix , Molnár Tamás 
Published: December 2023

Background: Burnout remains a significant health concern within the healthcare sector. Numerous studies have explored burnout among gastroenterologists. However, as far as we are aware, there is currently no documented research specifically focused on burnout for specialists in the field of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the extent of burnout, its determinants, and to analyze potential risk factors among European healthcare professionals who provide care to patients with IBD. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional pilot study involving healthcare professionals responsible for the treatment of patients with IBD. A total of 102 participants (56.9% male, average age 48 ± 10.6) completed the anonymous multiple question open web survey. The survey consisted of four distinct psychological constructs (burnout, depression, somatization, and well-being), along with inquiries associated with sociodemographic, health-related, and work-related factors. Results: In our study, we observed that 47.1% of professionals specializing in IBD experienced burnout. When considering all three factors of burnout simultaneously, 5.9% of participants fell within the moderate range. Among these, depersonalization (DP) was the most prevalent factor, with 48% at a medium level and 47.1% at a high level. Depression, somatization, and well-being correlated with emotional exhaustion (EE) and DP, while only depression correlated with personal accomplishment (PA). Furthermore, age, physical activity, total time spent in healthcare, and time spent as an IBD specialist were correlated with EE. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that depression was the most dominant predictor of both PA and DP. In terms of work-related factors, we observed that having endoscopic access had a detrimental impact on burnout, while the presence of a dedicated IBD outpatient unit and opportunities to participate in multidisciplinary meetings had a positive effect on mitigating burnout. Conclusions: Our pilot study underscores the importance of burnout among IBD professionals in Europe, with a specific emphasis on DP. Subsequent studies may help to uncover the way underlying factors contribute to burnout, potentially laying the foundation for international support and prevention initiative programs.
Auditory function assessment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Eid Hoda A , Eltrawy Heba H , Kabil Shaimaa E , Abou-Elhassan Hanaa A , Abdelshafy Rania , Aboseif Ahmed , Albalsha Abdullah M , Omar Fawzy M , Heggy Mohamed , Ibrahim Mostafa A , Moursi Ashraf , Elbwab Ahmed F , Atef Moaz , Kabil Ahmed E 
Published: December 2023

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a multisystem disease with multiple comorbidities. Hearing is dependent on the cochlear functions that may be affected by oxygenation. Affection of hearing is problematic and represents a major concern that should be seriously investigated as an important comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Objective: To assess auditory status among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Methodology: The current study was carried out at Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Cairo, from 1 August 2021 to 2022, including 120 participants. In addition to the control group (60 healthy participants), there were two study groups: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with respiratory failure group (30 patients) and non-respiratory failure group (30 patients). Hearing functions were studied using pure tone audiometry, and auditory brain stem response. Results: There was statistically significant hearing impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in comparison to control group. The hearing impairment was more significant in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with respiratory failure group in comparison to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease without respiratory failure group. The auditory impairment shows a negative interrelationship with oxygen tension (PaO2) and a positive interrelationship with the smoking index. Conclusion: Hearing affection was meaningfully higher among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and more prominent in patients with respiratory failure. Hypoxia results in deterioration of pure tone audiometry and increased absolute and interpeak latencies in auditory brain stem response. At every frequency, the mean pure tone audiometry thresholds were higher for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups than control group albeit remaining in the mild to moderate area of hearing loss. Retro-cochlear affection was suggested among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as evidenced with the prolongation of auditory brain stem response waves latencies.
Self-Efficacy of the Community Health Agent, Importance of Motivation and Empowerment
Authors: Núñez Cabrera Evelym , Cajachagua Castro Mayela , Huancahuire-Vega Salomón 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The community health agent plays an essential role as a link between the community and health institutions; the effectiveness of their work is crucial in promoting health, prevention, and detection of diseases. Motivation and empowerment could affect the performance of the community agent in carrying out his work. Objective: To determine if work motivation and empowerment are factors associated with the self-efficacy of the community health agent. Methodology: Observational and cross-sectional study. The study included community health agents in the Non-Governmental Organization ADRA in Imbabura and Pichincha, Ecuador. The sample selected by the census method corresponds to 300 agents. The instruments were the Motivation at Work Scale (R-MAWS), the Psychological Empowerment Scale, and the Professional Self-efficacy Questionnaire (AU10). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using dispersion and summary measures—a comparative analysis with chi-square. The inferential analysis was done through logistic regression where the B coefficient and the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were evaluated, P < .05. The theoretical and adjusted model of the structural model allowed us to corroborate the association of the variables. Results: Motivation had a positive effect on self-efficacy (OR = 10.091, CI [5.509-18.485], P < .05), empowerment had a minimal effect (OR = 0.664, CI [0.363-1.214], P > .05), which is not significant to predict the perception of self-efficacy. Conclusion: This study suggests that to improve the self-efficacy of the work of community health agents, it is necessary to intervene through strategies that keep them motivated in the exercise of their mediation work between the community and health institutions. Likewise, empowering them would contribute to self-efficacy and thus help in the fulfillment of the functions of health agents.
Free and Charitable Clinic Perspectives on the Implementation and Utilization of Telehealth Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Parks Ashley V. , Sakowski Julie A. , Wear Andrew G. , Russell Ian , Nunnery Danielle 
Published: December 2023

Background: The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic challenged healthcare providers to adapt their models of care and leverage technology to continue to provide necessary care while reducing the likelihood of exposure. One setting that faced a unique set of challenges and opportunities was free and charitable clinics. In response to the emerging pandemic, The North Carolina Association for Free and Charitable Clinics (NCAFCC) offered their 66 member clinics access to a telehealth platform, free of charge. Objective: This paper explores the varied perspectives of leaders in the NCAFCC member clinics regarding the implementation of telehealth services to facilitate continuity of care for patients during the height of the pandemic. Design: This qualitative study is part of a broader research effort to understand and contextualize the experience of implementing and using telehealth services by North Carolina free and charitable clinics during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The research team conducted 13 key informant interviews and employed thematic analysis and grounded theory to explore critical themes and construct a model based on the CFIR to describe the use of telehealth in free and charitable clinics. Results: Twelve clinic managers and executive directors from free and charitable clinics across the state participated in the key informant interviews providing their unique perspective on the experience of implementing telehealth services in a free and charitable clinic environment during the COVID-19 pandemic. When examined within the lens of the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR), 3 key themes emerged from the key informant interviews: mission driven patient centered care, resilience and resourcefulness, and immediate implementation. Conclusions: This study aligns with existing literature regarding telehealth implementation across other safety net provider settings and highlights the key implementation factors, organizational elements, provider perspectives, and patient needs that must collectively be considered when implementing new technologies, especially in a low-resource, high need healthcare setting. The study showcases the implementation climate, resourcefulness, and mission driven approach that allowed many NCAFCC clinics to respond to an emergent situation by adopting and implementing a telehealth platform in a period of 2 weeks or less.