bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of energy conversion capability among various magnetostrictive materials for energy harvesting
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Lallart Mickael , Ducharne Benjamin , Makihara Kanjuro , Sebald Gael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work addresses vibrational energy harvesting using magnetostrictive materials. In this field, materials with exceptional magneto-mechanical coupling properties (e.g. Galfenol, Terfenol-D) have attracted significant attention. Only a few magnetostrictive materials have been tested in devices, however, leaving the actual influence of these materials’ properties on the energy harvesting device open to question. This work compares an extensive range of ferromagnetic materials through analysis of their magnetic behavior under static stress. To enable fair comparison of the materials, a model was developed to interpolate their magnetic anhysteretic curves under fixed stress of σ = ±50 MPa. The energy harvesting process was then simulated using a theoretical Ericsson thermodynamic cycle, where the area represents the energy density. This approach estimates the ultimate energy density of the materials using a fair approach, without placing conditions on the applied magnetic field. The correlation between ultimate energy density and the magnetoelastic coefficient show that highly magnetostrictive materials achieve higher ultimate energy densities, as expected. In the low field range, it is however concluded that all materials exhibit energy densities of the same order of magnitude. Secondly, the magnetoelastic coefficient versus excitation field characteristics revealed an optimal bias magnetic field for each material. Finally, for realistic implementation, the paper considers a pre-stress in combination with a bias magnetic field and the small dynamic variations that result from currents induced in surrounding coils. A model was developed and revealed an optimum output energy density that was independent of the geometry and the coil. An energy harvesting figure of merit was then defined to enable a final comparison of the materials, encompassing both material characteristics and realistic applications. Under these working conditions and with all costs considered, some low-magnetostriction materials appeared able to compete with giant magnetostriction materials.
Elastic metamaterials for guided waves: from fundamentals to applications
Authors: Lee Jeseung , Kim Yoon Young 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Guided waves, elastic waves propagating through bounded structures, play a pivotal role in various applications, including ultrasonic non-destructive testing and structural health monitoring. Recently, elastic metamaterials artificially engineered to exhibit physical properties not typically seen in nature have emerged as a ground-breaking approach, heralding a new era in guided wave-based technologies. These metamaterials offer innovative solutions to overcome the inherent constraints of traditional guided wave-based technology. This paper comprehensively reviews elastic metamaterials from their fundamental principles to diverse applications, focusing on their transformative impact in guided wave manipulation.
Mathematical modelling and experimental study of a novel planar micro-positioning stage using shape memory alloy actuators
Authors: Rahbari Hossein , Fathi Alireza , Dardel Morteza 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The application of smart materials as actuators in precise positioning systems has witnessed significant growth in recent years. However, the use of shape memory alloy (SMA) materials in this context is hindered by their slow response and complex nonlinear behaviour. To overcome these limitations, this paper introduces a novel approach that incorporates two opposite SMA actuators into a flexure hinge type micro-positioning stage, aiming to enhance the system speed. A semi-analytical modelling approach is employed to model the nonlinear behaviour of the SMA actuator. Using the available material models for SMA materials and the nonlinear curved beam theory, the governing equations of the proposed SMA actuator are derived and the resulted partial differential equations are reduced to an algebraic equation based on the Galerkin method. The resulting equations are then solved using the return map method. To validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed model, an experimental setup is constructed. The experimental results demonstrate the model ability to accurately predict the behaviour of the system. Additionally, the developed model allows for the extraction of stress and strain profiles of the SMA actuators for designing the actuator. The study highlights the potential of integrating the proposed model with robust control methods for future works, aiming to effectively control micro-positioning systems and further enhance their performance.
3D numerical investigation on delamination behavior of the epoxy impregnated REBCO pancake coil
Authors: Shen Yansong , Chen Zhidong , Peng Xubin , Wei Yunpeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Superconducting coils made of rare-earth-barium-copper-oxide (REBCO) coated conductor (CC) exhibit superior electromagnetic performance. Employing epoxy impregnation can improve the structural integrity and mechanical property of the superconducting coils. However, due to the extreme work environment and weak adhesion strength of REBCO CC, the delamination induced by radial thermal stress and electromagnetic force significantly affects the electromagnetic property and the reliability of the superconducting coil. This study proposes a three-dimensional thermal-electromagnetic mechanical delamination model that incorporates the cohesive zone model to investigate the delamination mechanisms in epoxy impregnated REBCO pancake coils during the cooling and coil operation processes. The simulation employs a three-parameter Weibull distribution to account for the inhomogeneity of transverse tensile strength in the CCs. The delamination behavior and mechanisms of the coils under different conditions are analyzed. The simulation results show that the model considering random adhesion strength proves to be more effective in representing the delamination behavior of the coil. And large tensile radial stresses caused by thermal stresses and electromagnetic forces lead to the delamination behavior of the coil during cooling and operation. The main reason for the tensile radial stress is the mismatch in the thermal contraction among components of the coils during cooling process. Furthermore, we investigate the influence of the thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) and thickness of the mandrel, the CTE and prestress of the overband and the initial localized damage. The results indicate that these factors significantly affect the tensile radial stress and the extent of delamination in the windings. And the extent and distribution of delamination is related to the stress release caused by delamination to a certain degree.
Generation of ultra-long optical needles with dual-ring cosine filter
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wu Wenzhi , Lan Guoqiang , Chai Zhijun , Kong Degui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Combining the advantages of phase and amplitude modulation, we designed a dual-ring cosine filter which was consisted by an inner and outer ring, and the two rings have different number of paired cosine phase. Using the dual-ring cosine filter, ultra-long longitudinally polarized optical needles were obtained by tight focusing radially polarized Bessel-Gaussian beams with a single lens system. The obtained optical needles have a depth of focus of 268λ, lateral full width of 0.37λ at half height, the beam quality of 94%, and axial uniformity of 95%. In addition, we found that the depth of focus of obtained optical needles can be further stretched and the lateral dimension can be further compressed by increasing the number of paired cosine phase. The ultra-long optical needles were appropriately applied in the fields of optical beam lithography, laser direct writing, particle acceleration, and optical trapping.
2D acoustofluidic distributions in micro-chambers modulated by Sierpiński-type structural plates
Authors: Huang Huiyu , Chen Hao , Li Chen , Liu Pengzhan , Su Songfei , Weng Ruiting , Tang Qiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, a series of Sierpiński-type structural plates have been artificially introduced to generate diversified acoustofluidic distributions in the originally-static microfluidic chambers, which are stimulated under the oscillation of incident acoustic waves at different input frequency points. The complicated interactions between quasi/pseudo-Sierpiński-carpet shaped structural plates and incident ultrasonic waves, including acoustic reflection and diffraction, can initiate sophisticated spatio-temporal discrepancies along the sound propagation path and induce heterogeneous acoustic streaming vortices. In comparison with the existing construction strategies of microfluidic lab-on-a-chip devices, the introduction of fractalized elements like quasi/pseudo-Sierpiński-carpet shaped structural components can provide remarkable insights and expand application scenarios of unconventional acoustofluidic approaches, which is conducive to driving ultrasonic micro/nano manipulation technology from monotonousness to diversification. The preliminary research demonstrates the feasibility of considering Sierpiński-type structural features as tunable ingredients to customize acoustofluidic apparatuses for the exploration of topographical manipulation of micro/nano-scale particles and orientational operation of biological specimens.
Exact solutions and bifurcations of the time-fractional coupled Boussinesq-Burgers equation
Authors: Liu Minyuan , Xu Hui , Wang Zenggui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the time-fractional coupled Boussinesq-Burgers equations are studied to construct exact solutions by utilizing the modified extended tanh-function method, the improved

(
G
′

/

G
)

method, the two variables

(
G
′

/

G
,
1

/

G
)

-expansion method and bifurcation analysis. Firstly, based on the modified Riemann-Liouville derivative and traveling wave transformation, the equations are rewritten as an ordinary differential equation. Some exact solutions, including singular, periodic, kink, anti-kink, soliton and periodic-singular solutions, are derived. Then, we graphically describe the 3D, density plots and solution profiles of some solutions by setting suitable parameters. Finally, the effectiveness of the methods applied is verified via bifurcation theory.
Non-thermal Higgs spectrum in reheating epoch: primordial condensate vs. stochastic fluctuation
Authors: Kaneta Kunio , Oda Kin-ya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Since electroweak symmetry is generally broken during inflation, the Standard Model Higgs field can become supermassive even after the end of inflation.
In this paper, we study the non-thermal phase space distribution of the Higgs field during reheating, focusing in particular on two different contributions: primordial condensate and stochastic fluctuations.
We obtain their analytic formulae, which agree with the previous numerical result.
As a possible consequence of the non-thermal Higgs spectrum, we discuss perturbative Higgs decay during reheating for the case it is kinematically allowed.
We find that the soft-relativistic and hard spectra are dominant in the decay rate of the stochastic fluctuation and that the primordial condensate and stochastic fluctuations decay almost at the same time.
Analysis of the stability region of light bullets propagating in the tunnel ionization mode in dielectric
Authors: Bugay Aleksandr N , Khalyapin Vyacheslav A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An analytical estimation of the parameters of light bullets formed in the region of anomalous group dispersion in dielectrics under conditions of tunneling photoionization has been carried out. A system of ordinary differential equations for the parameters of a laser pulse is obtained by the method of moments. A new analytical approximation is proposed for calculating the contribution of tunneling ionization. With the help of Lyapunov’s stability theory, a quasi-stationary solution of this system and conditions for a quasi-stable propagation regime are found.
Online bunch-by-bunch position monitoring and analysis at the Taiwan Photon Source
Authors: Huang C.-H. , Hsu K.-T. , Chen J. , Hu K.-H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The online bunch-by-bunch position monitor has been
established through the utilization of a high-speed
analog-to-digital converter, synchronized meticulously with the
accelerator's radio frequency. This implementation serves the
purpose of refining the alignment of the four injection kickers. A
substantial volume of data needs to be managed when dealing with the
motion of the bunches. To untangle the intricacies of bunch motion,
an independent component analysis has been employed. This method
efficiently segregates the bunch motion into discrete sources. The
resulting bunch motion is a direct outcome of the linear combination
of these distinct sources. Consequently, this approach significantly
simplifies the overarching data analysis procedure. Throughout the
injection phase, the predominant factors influencing the oscillation
of filled bunches originate from three distinct sources. Firstly,
there is a contribution arising from the mismatch among the four
kickers during their activation period. Additionally, the damped
betatron oscillation and the oscillation generated by wake fields
constitute the other sources of bunch motion. To comprehend the tune
variation in these sources, an examination is conducted through a
numerical analysis of fundamental frequencies. Specifically, the
tune associated with the betatron oscillation is contingent upon the
amplitude of said oscillation. In contrast, the tune corresponding
to the wake-field oscillation displays comparably minor fluctuations
during both the growing and damping phases.
Gaps labeling theorem for the bubble-diamond self-similar graphs
Authors: Melville Elizabeth , Mograby Gamal , Nagabandi Nikhil , Rogers Luke G , Teplyaev Alexander 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMotivated by the appearance of fractals in several areas of physics, especially in solid state physics and the physics of aperiodic order, and in other sciences, including the quantum information theory, we present a detailed spectral analysis for a new class of fractal-type diamond graphs, referred to as bubble-diamond graphs, and provide a gap-labeling theorem in the sense of Bellissard for the corresponding probabilistic graph Laplacians using the technique of spectral decimation. Labeling the gaps in the Cantor set by the normalized eigenvalue counting function, also known as the integrated density of states, we describe the gap labels as orbits of a second dynamical system that reflects the branching parameter of the bubble construction and the decimation structure. The spectrum of the natural Laplacian on limit graphs is shown generically to be pure point supported on a Cantor set, though one particular graph has a mixture of pure point and singularly continuous components.
Boundary-induced singularity in strongly-correlated quantum systems at finite temperature
Authors: Wang Ding-Zu , Zhang Guo-Feng , Lewenstein Maciej , Ran Shi-Ju 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Exploring the bulk-boundary correspondences and the boundary-induced phenomena in the strongly-correlated quantum systems belongs to the most fundamental topics of condensed matter physics. In this work, we study the bulk-boundary competition in a simulative Hamiltonian, with which the thermodynamic properties of the infinite-size translationally-invariant system can be optimally mimicked. The simulative Hamiltonian is constructed by introducing local interactions on the boundaries, coined as the entanglement-bath Hamiltonian (EBH) that is analogous to the heat bath. The terms within the EBH are variationally determined by a thermal tensor network method, with coefficients varying with the temperature of the infinite-size system. By treating the temperature as an adjustable hyper-parameter of the EBH, we identify a discontinuity point of the coefficients, dubbed as the ‘boundary quench point’ (BQP), whose physical implication is to distinguish the point, below which the thermal fluctuations from the boundaries to the bulk become insignificant. Fruitful phenomena are revealed when considering the simulative Hamiltonian, with the EBH featuring its own hyper-parameter, under the canonical ensembles at different temperatures. Specifically, a discontinuity in bulk entropy at the BQP is observed. The exotic entropic distribution, the relations between the symmetries of Hamiltonian and BQP, and the impacts from the entanglement-bath dimension are also explored. Our results show that such a singularity differs from those in the conventional thermodynamic phase transition points that normally fall into the Landau–Ginzburg paradigm. Our work provides the opportunities on exploring the exotic phenomena induced by the competition between the bulk and boundaries.
Classification of PTEN missense VUS through exascale simulations
Authors: Sinha Siddharth , Li Jiaheng , Tam Benjamin , Wang San Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor with dual phosphatase properties, is a key factor in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Pathogenic germline variation in PTEN can abrogate its ability to dephosphorylate, causing high cancer risk. Lack of functional evidence lets numerous PTEN variants be classified as variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Utilizing Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, we performed a thorough evaluation for 147 PTEN missense VUS, sorting them into 66 deleterious and 81 tolerated variants. Utilizing replica exchange molecular dynamic (REMD) simulations, we further assessed the variants situated in the catalytic core of PTEN’s phosphatase domain and uncovered conformational alterations influencing the structural stability of the phosphatase domain. There was a high degree of agreement between our results and the variants classified by Variant Abundance by Massively Parallel Sequencing, saturation mutagenesis, multiplexed functional data and experimental assays. Our extensive analysis of PTEN missense VUS should benefit their clinical applications in PTEN-related cancer.

Significance statement
Classification of PTEN variants affecting its lipid phosphatase activity is important for understanding the roles of PTEN variation in the pathogenesis of hereditary and sporadic malignancies. Of the 3000 variants identified in PTEN, 1296 (43%) were assigned as VUS. Here, we applied MD and REMD simulations to investigate the effects of PTEN missense VUS on the structural integrity of the PTEN phosphatase domain consisting the WPD, P and TI active sites. We classified a total of 147 missense VUS into 66 deleterious and 81 tolerated variants by referring to the control group comprising 54 pathogenic and 12 benign variants. The classification was largely in concordance with these classified by experimental approaches.
Addressing the Ongoing Effects of the Nakba: Experiences and Challenges that Israel’s Arab Social Workers Face
Authors: Allassad Alhuzail Nuzha , Mahajne Ibrahim , Abo Saleh Khawaled Anan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Nakba (‘catastrophe’ in Arabic) began in 1948 with the displacement and dispossession of many Palestinians, leaving a lasting impact on Palestinian society and individual identity. To this day Palestinian social workers must address the difficulties of Palestinians deriving from the Nakba whilst they themselves contend with its ramifications. This descriptive qualitative study, conducted in 2021 using in-depth semi-structured interviews, explored the personal experiences of eighteen Palestinian Arab social workers in Israel who are members of the third generation of the Nakba. Four main themes emerged from the data analysis: ongoing pain, the struggle for justice, the comparison of the Nakba to the Holocaust and perseverance following trauma. However, participants from financially and socially established families in villages whose inhabitants were not displaced reported experiencing growth and resilience. The recommendations include creating safe spaces for Israel’s Arab social workers, where their perspectives can be heard and valued; action by national and international social work organisations to help repeal Israel’s Nakba Law, which seeks to suppress discussion of the Nakba; and inclusion of the Nakba and its consequences in social work curricula. The findings are relevant to social workers in silenced minorities worldwide.
The Future Ain’t What It Used to Be…Out With the Old…In With the Better: Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group Innovations
Authors: Evans Scott R , Patel Robin , Hamasaki Toshimitsu , Howard-Anderson Jessica , Kinamon Tori , King Heather A , Collyar Deborah , Cross Heather R , Chambers Henry F , Fowler Vance G , Boucher Helen W ,   for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group, Tamma Pranita , Schooley Robert , Banerjee Ritu , Souli Maria , Sund Zoe , Evans Beth , Booth Grant , Estes Leslie , Greenwood-Quaintance Kerryl , Parmar Krupa Mukesh , Cunningham Scott , Schwager Nyssa , Wickward Cathy , Geres Holly , Dai Weixiao , He Yijie , Doernberg Sarah , Satlin Michael , Rouphael Nadine , Tillekeratne Gayani , Baum Keri , Raza Praneeta , Komarow Lauren , Dodd Andrew , Hopkins Deborah , Li Yixuan , Tsalik Ephraim , Holland Thomas , Zhang Shanshan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Clinical research networks conduct important studies that would not otherwise be performed by other entities. In the case of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG), such studies include diagnostic studies using master protocols, controlled phage intervention trials, and studies that evaluate treatment strategies or dynamic interventions, such as sequences of empiric and definitive therapies. However, the value of a clinical research network lies not only in the results from these important studies but in the creation of new approaches derived from collaborative thinking, carefully examining and defining the most important research questions for clinical practice, recognizing and addressing common but suboptimal approaches, and anticipating that the standard approaches of today may be insufficient for tomorrow. This results in the development and implementation of new methodologies and tools for the design, conduct, analyses, and reporting of research studies. These new methodologies directly impact the studies conducted within the network and have a broad and long-lasting impact on the field, enhancing the scientific value and efficiency of generations of research studies. This article describes innovations from the ARLG in diagnostic studies, observational studies, and clinical trials evaluating interventions for the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
Trust but verify? A social epistemology framework of knowledge acquisition and verification practices for fictional entertainment
Authors: Bartsch Anne , Mares Marie-Louise , Schindler Johanna , Kühn Jessica , Krack Ina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fictional entertainment can serve as a vivid and easily comprehensible source of knowledge, but only if audiences are able to tell its kernel of truth apart from fantasy. In this article, we use the lens of social epistemology to develop a theoretical framework of knowledge acquisition and verification practices for fictional entertainment that integrates various extant lines of work on entertainment education, perceived realism, information processing, credibility assessment, and verification strategies. To flesh out the conceptual model derived from top-down theoretical integration, we use an inductive, bottom-up approach to theory building, assisted by qualitative research. The resulting model describes knowledge acquisition from fiction as an essentially social process characterized by a combination of epistemic trust and epistemic vigilance toward fictional content and sources, in which credibility is assessed via social knowledge sharing and verification practices.