bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors and consequences of conversion in laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for diverticular disease
Authors: Le Moine M-C , Fabre J-M , Vacher C , Navarro F , Picot M-C , Domergue J 
Published: January 2003

Abstract

Background
The disadvantages of laparoscopic elective sigmoidectomy for diverticular disease include the risk of conversion to open operation and longer operative time. The aim of this study was to analyse the causes and consequences of conversion in 168 consecutive patients who underwent a laparoscopically assisted colectomy between January 1994 and June 2001.

Methods
Data were collected prospectively to analyse the causes and consequences of conversion to open surgery in terms of postoperative morbidity and patient recovery.

Results
Postoperative mortality, morbidity, conversion and reoperation rates were zero, 21·4 per cent (n = 36), 14·3 per cent (n = 24) and 3·0 per cent (n = 5) respectively. The reasons for conversion were presence of intraperitoneal adhesions and/or inflammatory pseudotumour (n = 21), an intraoperative diagnosis of sigmoid cancer (n = 1), hypercapnia (n = 1) and abdominal bleeding (n = 1). Three preoperative factors were associated with a significant higher risk of conversion: surgical expertise, the presence of sigmoid stenosis or fistula, and the severity of diverticulitis on pathological examination. Morbidity was no different between laparoscopic sigmoidectomy (30 of 144; 20·8 per cent) and converted procedures (six of 24; 25·0 per cent). Open conversion was associated with a longer operative time and significantly delayed patient recovery and hospital discharge.

Conclusion
Surgical experience and severe diverticular disease are predictive factors for conversion in laparoscopic elective sigmoidectomy. Even if necessary, conversion does not increase the morbidity rate.
Calcitonin precursors in the prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis on the day of admission
Authors: Ammori B J , Becker K L , Kite P , Snider R H , Nylén E S , White J C , Larvin M , McMahon M J 
Published: January 2003

Abstract

Background
Calcitonin precursors are sensitive markers of inflammation and infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of plasma calcitonin precursor levels on the day of admission in the prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis, and to compare this with the Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scoring system.

Methods
Plasma concentrations of calcitonin precursors were determined on admission in 69 patients with acute pancreatitis. APACHE II scores were calculated on admission. Attacks were classified as mild (n = 55) or severe (n = 14) according to the Atlanta criteria. Plasma calcitonin precursor levels were determined with a sensitive radioimmunoassay.

Results
On the day of hospital admission, plasma levels of calcitonin precursors were significantly greater in patients with a severe attack compared with levels in those with a mild attack of pancreatitis (median 64 versus 25 fmol/ml; P = 0·014), but the APACHE II scores were no different (median 9 versus 8; P = 0·2). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values, and accuracy for the prediction of severe acute pancreatitis were 67, 89, 57, 93 and 85 per cent respectively for plasma calcitonin precursor levels higher than 48 fmol/ml, and 69, 45, 23, 86 and 50 per cent respectively for an APACHE II score greater than 7. Differences in the specificity and accuracy of the two prognostic indicators were significant (P &lt; 0·001 and P = 0·001 respectively). A plasma calcitonin precursor concentration of more than 160 fmol/ml on admission was highly accurate (94 per cent) in predicting the development of septic complications and death.

Conclusion
The assay of plasma calcitonin precursors on the day of admission to hospital has the potential to provide a more accurate prediction of the severity of acute pancreatitis than the APACHE II scoring system.
Systemic inflammatory response predicts survival following curative resection of colorectal cancer
Authors: McMillan D C , Canna K , McArdle C S 
Published: January 2003

Abstract

Background
Some studies have shown that the presence of a systemic inflammatory response, as evidenced by raised circulating concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), predicted recurrence and overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the inflammatory response and overall and cancer-specific survival in patients undergoing potentially curative resection for colorectal cancer.

Methods
A total of 174 patients considered to have undergone curative resection were studied. Circulating CRP concentrations were measured before and/or after operation.

Results
The majority of patients were aged 65 years or more, had colonic tumours and Dukes' stage B lesions. During follow-up, 47 patients (27 per cent) developed recurrence and 59 (34 per cent) died. On univariate analysis, age (P &lt; 0·01), Dukes' stage (P &lt; 0·001), and CRP levels before (P &lt; 0·01) and after (P &lt; 0·01) operation were significantly associated with overall and cancer-specific survival. On multivariate analysis of patients in whom preoperative CRP concentration was measured, age (P &lt; 0·01), Dukes' stage (P &lt; 0·05) and CRP concentration (P &lt; 0·01) were independently associated with both overall and cancer-specific survival.

Conclusion
In patients who have undergone potentially curative resection for colorectal cancer, the presence of a systemic inflammatory response predicts a poor outcome.
The Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity (POSSUM)
Authors: Neary W D , Heather B P , Earnshaw J J 
Published: January 2003

AbstractBackground and methodsThe development of the Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) is described and its methods of analysis and value in a modern surgical practice are reviewed. A computerized search of all published data in Medline, the Cochrane Library and Embase was made for the last 12 years. Relevant articles were then searched manually for further papers on risk analysis, case-mix comparison and POSSUM methodology.Results and conclusionPOSSUM has been evaluated extensively in both general and specialist surgery. While there are problems with both data collection and analysis, when used correctly POSSUM can usefully compare outcomes between surgeons and between hospitals. In specialist surgery, individual regression equations may be needed for each index procedure.
Prospective randomized study of bacteraemia in diathermyand stapled haemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Maw A , Concepcion R , Eu K W , Seow-Choen F , Heah S M , Tang C L , Tan A L 
Published: January 2003

Abstract

Background
The incidence and consequences of bacteraemia associated with diathermy and stapled haemorrhoidectomy have not been studied previously.

Methods
Two hundred and five healthy patients randomized to stapled haemorrhoidectomy or diathermy haemorrhoidectomy had perioperative blood cultures taken. The clinical sequelae of bacteraemia and complications of surgery were assessed prospectively.

Results
Six patients were excluded for protocol violations. Eleven (11 per cent) of 101 patients with stapled and five (5 per cent) of 98 who had diathermy haemorrhoidectomy had positive blood cultures for organisms after haemorrhoidectomy, predominantly anaerobes commonly found within the bacterial flora of the anorectum (P = 0·19). Transient postoperative pyrexia in several patients did not correlate with detected bacteraemia and settled spontaneously without treatment. There were no serious complications from either operative technique, and no clinical consequences from proven bacteraemia.

Conclusion
Transient bacteraemia may complicate surgical haemorrhoidectomy but has no serious clinical consequences for healthy adults.
Female fecundity before and after operation for familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Olsen K Ø , Juul S , Bülow S , Järvinen H J , Bakka A , Björk J , Öresland T , Laurberg S 
Published: January 2003

Abstract

Background
Knowledge about the fertility of women suffering from familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is scarce and inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fecundity of women with FAP before and after operation, and to compare the findings with those of a general population database and women with ulcerative colitis.

Methods
A questionnaire concerning reproductive experiences and waiting times to pregnancy was sent to all 230 women on the polyposis registers in Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway in whom primary surgery had consisted of ileorectal anastomosis or ileal pouch–anal anastomosis. Data on the general population and women with ulcerative colitis came from an existing database. Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier plots were used for analysis.

Results
The fecundity of women with FAP before operation and after colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis was similar to that of the general population. However, fecundity dropped to 54 per cent (P = 0·015) following proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis, although it was greater than the postoperative fecundity of women with ulcerative colitis.

Conclusion
The significant reduction in female fecundity after ileal pouch–anal anastomosis should be communicated to young women with FAP before it is decided which surgical option to follow.
Relationship between neointimal regrowth and mechanism of acute lumen gain during the treatment of in‐stent restenosis with or without supplementary intravascular radiation
Authors: Morino Yoshihiro , Limpijankit Thosaphol , Honda Yasuhiro , Somrantin Manoon , Waksman Ron , Bonneau Heidi N. , Yock Paul G. , Mintz Gary S. , Fitzgerald Peter J. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe investigated whether neointimal regrowth is related to the mechanism of acute lumen gain during the treatment of in‐stent restenosis (ISR) lesions both with and without adjunct intravascular brachytherapy. From the WRIST (Washington Radiation for In‐Stent Restenosis Trial) cohort, 54 ISR patients (192Ir, 29; placebo, 25) were treated with nonrepeat stenting percutaneous interventions (excimer laser, rotational atherectomy, and/or balloon angioplasty) prior to 192Ir or placebo therapy. Using Simpson's method, serial volumetric intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) analyses (pre‐ and posttreatment and 6‐month follow‐up) were analyzed to obtain stent, lumen, and intimal hyperplasia (IH) volumes that were then adjusted for stent length to create stent, lumen, and IH volume indexes. In the placebo group, the acute reduction of neointima (1.6 ± 1.4 mm3/mm) was counteracted by intimal regrowth (2.1 ± 1.7 mm3/mm). The amount of intimal regrowth correlated directly with the intimal reduction due to the intervention (r = 0.76; P < 0.001), but not with the amount of additional stent expansion. In the 192Ir‐treated group, intimal regrowth was significantly less than in the placebo group (−0.3 ± 0.1 vs. 2.1 ± 1.7 mm3/mm; P < 0.001) despite a similar initial intimal reduction (1.3 ± 0.9 vs. 1.6 ± 1.4 mm3/mm; P = NS). No correlation was found between intimal reduction at the time of the procedure and intimal regrowth in the 192Ir group. In this study, neointimal regrowth following treatment of ISR lesions correlates directly with the extent of acute intimal volume reduction, but not with the extent of additional stent expansion. This relation is not seen in ISR segments treated with radiation, where intimal regrowth is substantially inhibited. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;58:162–167. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of aorta‐to‐right atrial fistula following closure of secundum atrial septal defect using the Amplatzer septal occluder
Authors: Chun David S. , Turrentine Mark W. , Moustapha Ahmad , Hoyer Mark H. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractAn aorta‐to‐right atrial fistula developed within 3 months after closure of an atrial septal defect using the Amplatzer septal occluder. Surgical correction was required. The cause of this complication appears to be erosion into the aorta by the right atrial disk. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;58:246–251. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compression of right ventricular out‐flow due to localized hematoma after coronary perforation during PCI
Authors: Kawase Yoshiaki , Hayase Motoya , Ito Shigenori , Ojio Shinsuke , Tahara Hiroyuki , Ehara Mariko , Kondo Hiroaki , Ito Yoshihisa , Suzuki Yoriyasu , Ishihara Yoshiyuki , Suzuki Takahiko 
Published: January 2003

AbstractAlthough coronary perforation can cause tamponade during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), this is unusual for patients previously undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) due to pericardial adhesions. We report here on a rare case of right ventricular out‐flow obstruction complicating PCI in a patient with a previous CABG. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;58:202–206. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Age‐related differences in neural correlates of face recognition during the toddler and preschool years
Authors: Carver Leslie J. , Dawson Geraldine , Panagiotides Heracles , Meltzoff Andrew N. , McPartland James , Gray Jonathan , Munson Jeff 
Published: January 2003

AbstractResearch on the development of face recognition in infancy has shown that infants respond to faces as if they are special and recognize familiar faces early in development. Infants also show recognition and differential attachment to familiar people very early in development. We tested the hypothesis that infants' responses to familiar and unfamiliar faces differ at different ages. Specifically, we present data showing age‐related changes in infants' brain responses to mother's face versus a stranger's face in children between 18 and 54 months of age. We propose that these changes are based on age‐related differences in the perceived salience of the face of the primary caregiver versus strangers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 42: 148–159, 2003
Maternal effects in infant and adult phenotypes of 5HT1A and 5HT1B receptor knockout mice
Authors: Weller Aron , Leguisamo Ana Christina , Towns Lorraine , Ramboz Silvie , Bagiella Emilia , Hofer Myron , Hen Rene , Brunner Dani 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe influence of the pre‐ and postweaning maternal environment on the offspring's phenotype was examined in 5‐HT1A and 5‐HT1B receptor knockout mice (KO1A and KO1B, respectively). We have previously shown that, when born to and raised by homozygous dams of the same genotype, adult KO1A are more anxious than wild‐type (WT) mice, and adult KO1B are hyperactive and slightly less anxious than WT mice. We extend our studies here to the behavioral results of the offspring's own genotype, when the dam's genotype is constant, and the effects of the dam's genotype when the offspring's genotype is constant. In Experiments 1 and 2, KO1A−/− pups produced less ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) than controls in an isolation test on postnatal Day 7 when born to and reared by KO1A dams, either −/− or +/−. Heterozygous F1 pups reared by KO1A−/− dams produced more USV and were less anxious in the plus‐maze at 2 to 3 months of age than F1 pups born to and reared by WT dams (Experiment 3). F1 pups reared by KO1B−/− dams produced less USV and were more anxious in the plus‐maze than F1 pups reared by WT dams (Experiment 4). The results support a role for maternal effects that may comprise direct effects such as the dam's behavior and nutritional care of the pup, and possibly more complex indirect effects through the establishment of idiosyncratic dam–pup dyadic interactions. We recommend that breeding techniques that rely on same genotype (mutant–mutant or WT–WT) breeding pairs not be used to generate offspring when the focus of research is the study of gene function, but rather when familial effects need to be studied. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 42: 194–205, 2003
Ontogenetic differences in the expression of conditioned visual aversions
Authors: Jagielo Joyce A. , Miller James S. , Spear Smith Jennifer , Spear Norman E. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe examined ontogenetic differences in the expression of conditioned visual aversions. Sprague‐Dawley‐derived rats, 16 or 21 days of age, were conditioned with either an element (brightness) or compound (brightness/odor) CS+ and tested for their aversion to the common element (brightness). Aversions to the brightness cue were assessed by either a traditional test of preference between the CS+ brightness and a contrasting brightness or by assessment of freezing in the presence of either brightness cue. The results indicated that strength of conditioning as well as the expression of overshadowing/potentiation was dependent on the age of the animal and on the technique used to assess conditioning. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 42: 123–130, 2003
Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure and maternal separation on heart rate, orienting response habituation, and retention
Authors: Spear Linda , Snyder Kristyn , Krantova Yevgeniya , Campbell James 
Published: January 2003

AbstractEffects of the presence or absence of the dam during testing and the retention interval on pretone heart rate (HR) and habituation and retention of an HR orienting response to tone were examined in prenatally cocaine‐exposed and nontreated Sprague Dawley rat pups in two experiments. On postnatal day 16, each pup received two test sessions, separated by a 4‐hr retention interval during which pups were either isolated or placed with their dam and siblings. For testing, each pup was placed in the test apparatus in the presence or absence of an anesthetized dam where, after a 15‐min adaptation period, 10 tone presentations were given, each separated by a 65‐s intertrial interval, with HR measured during a 5‐s pretone period and throughout the 10‐s tone for each trial. Experiment 1 used offspring from the regular breeding colony and observed the typical HR lowering effect of maternal presence during testing, an effect that was surprisingly potentiated, however, following the retention interval in animals that were isolated during this interval. This apparent potentiation by prior isolation of the HR lowering effect of the dam was confirmed in Experiment 2 in nontreated offspring, but did not emerge convincingly in offspring of either dams subcutaneously injected with 40 mg/kg of cocaine HCl daily from gestational days 8 to 20 (C40) or dams injected with saline and pair‐fed 4 days (PF4) to mimic the acute anorexic effects of cocaine administration. Consistent with prior work, C40 offspring also were found to exhibit better retention of the habituated orienting response than offspring of NT dams and to some extent PF4 dams as well, a retention effect that was not significantly influenced, however, by social context during the retention interval. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 42: 160–170, 2003
Olfactory experience mediates response to pain in preterm newborns
Authors: Goubet Nathalie , Rattaz Cécile , Pierrat Véronique , Bullinger André , Lequien Pierre 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe assessed the effects of a familiar odor during routine blood draws in healthy preterm newborns. Infants were observed as they were undergoing either a capillary puncture on the heel (heelstick) or a venous puncture on the hand. During the procedure, one third of the infants were presented with an odor they had been familiarized with prior to the procedure, one third of the infants were presented with an odor, they had not been previously exposed to, and one third were presented with no odor. Heelsticks elicited more behavioral distress than venipunctures. Infants who were presented with a familiar odor during venipuncture showed no significant increase in crying and grimacing during the procedure compared to baseline levels. By comparison, infants presented with an unfamiliar odor or with no odor either during the heelstick or the venipuncture had a significant increase in crying and grimacing. When the pain was milder, i.e., during a venipuncture, and a familiar odor was presented, infants showed little to no crying. These results are consistent with a body of evidence on early memory and olfactory competence in fetuses and newborns. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 42: 171–180, 2003
Social, thermal, and temporal influences on isolation‐induced and maternally potentiated ultrasonic vocalizations of rat pups
Authors: Shair Harry N. , Brunelli Susan A. , Masmela Jenny R. , Boone Emilie , Hofer Myron A. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSensory and temporal factors have been demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of isolation‐induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) of young rats. Sensory cues include thermal, olfactory, and tactile modalities. Temporal factors include the time spent in isolation. The goal of the present research was to examine the interaction of these factors in both isolation‐induced and maternally potentiated USV. Maternal potentiation of USV occurs when a brief interaction with the dam, even a passive (anesthetized) dam, elicits an augmented vocal response to a subsequent isolation, with rates of USV in rat pups well above those emitted in standard isolation tests. We found that passive maternal potentiation of USV did occur under all conditions tested. Neither a 30‐min prior isolation nor high ambient temperature prevented an increase in USV rate over the rate of the original isolation. After 30‐min isolation at warm temperatures when the rate of USV had fallen to zero, the pups increased vocalization in the presence of the dam as well as in the subsequent isolation. Temporal and thermal factors also interacted significantly in regulating the level of the USV emitted by the pups during the first isolation, in the presence of the anesthetized dam, and during the second isolation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 42: 206–222, 2003
Analgesia induced by local plantar injections of opiates in the formalin test in infant rats
Authors: Barr Gordon A. , Limon Estevan , Luthmann Richard A. , Barr Gordon A. , Cheng Jianxin , Wang Shaoning 
Published: January 2003

AbstractMorphine injected locally to the paw of an adult or an infant rat is analgesic. Opiates specific to μ and κ opioid receptors, and less consistently to δ opioid receptors, given locally to the site of injury in adult animals are also analgesic in a variety of models of inflammatory pain. To determine which opioid receptor(s) are involved in local analgesia in the immature animal, agonists specific for μ, κ, and δ opioid receptors were injected into the intraplantar pad in infant rats and the resultant nociceptive behavior and Fos expression assayed in the formalin test. The κ opioid receptor agonist U50,488 reduced nociceptive behavior in both phases of the formalin test and reduced Fos expression in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord, at 3 and 21 days of age. Morphiceptin (μ opioid agonist) was analgesic in the 21‐day‐old pups, but not the 3‐day‐old pups, measured behaviorally or by Fos expression. DPDPE (δ opioid agonist) was not analgesic at either age. We also tested the effects of opioid receptor antagonists on morphine's local analgesic action. Naltrexone, and to a lesser extent the μ opioid antagonist CTOP, antagonized morphine's analgesic effect. Kappa and δ opioid receptor blockers were inactive. The results demonstrate the ability of the κ opioid system to mediate analgesia in the neonate at the site of injury in acute and chronic pain models, that the μ opioid agonists are active later in development, but that morphine is analgesic in part through μ opioid receptors. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 42: 111–122, 2003