bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A distributed diffusion Kalman filter with event‐triggered mechanism and guaranteed stability
Authors: Chen Hao , Liu Junhui , Wang Jianan , Yan Xiaoyong , Xin Ming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article, a distributed diffusion Kalman filtering algorithm with event‐triggered communication (DDKF‐E) is studied for discrete‐time nonlinear systems. According to the event‐triggered communication protocol, the data between sensors and estimators are transmitted only when the predefined conditions are satisfied. Considering the characteristic of event‐triggered method and truncated error by linearization, an upper bound of the estimation error covariance matrix is obtained by using the variance‐constrained method. The Kalman gain is designed to minimize the upper bound and then two Riccati equations are obtained. Furthermore, the stochastic stability theory is used to prove the stability of DDKF‐E, and it is derived that the estimation error of DDKF‐E is exponentially bounded in mean square. Finally, numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the DDKF‐E algorithm.
Ecological and evolutionary inferences from aphid microbiome analyses depend on methods and experimental design
Authors: Wolfgang Adrian , Tack Ayco J. M. , Berg Gabriele , Abdelfattah Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionAphids play an important role in agroecological contexts as pests and vectors of plant diseases. Aphid performance is closely connected to microbial endosymbionts that provide different benefits or costs to both the aphids and their hosts plants. Furthermore, the microbiome of aphids is connected to soil microbiomes via the plant. Aphid microbiome experiments usually include a pooling step, where several individuals are sequenced together to obtain sufficient DNA concentrations but pooling may blur intraspecific variations.Materials and MethodsTo investigate the effects of sequencing single versus pooled aphids on the results of microbiome analyses, we compared 16S rRNA/ITS amplicon libraries from pooled and single oak aphids (Tuberculatus annulatus HARTIG) under three different soil treatments. We tested whether results quantitatively or qualitatively depend on pooling aphids, prevalence‐based in silico filtering or removal of the primary endosymbiont (Buchnera aphidicola). Buchnera phylogeny, prevalence and abundance of secondary endosymbionts and effects of soil microbiota were investigated.ResultsPooling leads to quantitative differences in bacteria and qualitative differences in fungal species richness, bacterial community composition and partially fungal community composition. Filtering‐dependent results were obtained for bacterial evenness. Buchnera phylogeny supports the hypothesis of cospeciation of primary endosymbionts in oak aphids. We detected Arsenophonus, Hamiltonella, Rickettsia, Rickettsiella, Serratia and Sphingopyxis in oak aphids, with their prevalence and abundance partially affected by pooling. Pooling leads to overestimating the frequency of multispecies endosymbiont infections, while underestimating their relative abundance.ConclusionWe hereby extend our view on non‐model aphid microbiomes and identify pitfalls in experimental design in aphid microbiome research.
A Mini‐Review on the Application of Computational Strategies in Multi‐Armed Star‐PEG Polymeric Micelles for Drug Delivery
Authors: Udin Syarah Mat , Maarof Hasmerya , Rahman Norizah Abdul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolymeric micelles (PM) are amphiphilic block copolymers that can form nanoscopic core/shell structures, making them highly effective for drug delivery systems (DDS). Multi‐armed starshaped poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers, a promising type of PM, provide a regulated release of drugs and can be integrated with numerous endpoints to create multifunctional drug delivery systems capable of transporting a large number of drugs. Star‐PEG polymers can also be cross‐linked to create three dimensional hydrogels with variable functionalities and sizes, increasing blood flow and reducing unanticipated drug release. In this review, we present state‐of‐the‐art computational tools for analyzing drug pharmacokinetic profiles and identifying molecular interactions critical for successful drug encapsulation in star‐PEG PM. By taking into account the features described, academic and industrial researchers can identify novel interrelationships in PM and maximize their capabilities as DDSs for systemic administration, ultimately enhancing the medicinal qualities of drug delivery.
Bactericidal and Antioxidant Potential ofMoringa oleiferaCapped Silver Nanoparticles under Varied Conditions
Authors: Ali Fareha , Ali Shaukat , Shahbaz Sana , Summer Muhammad , Mazhar Ali Nazish , Adeel Farooq Muhammad , Tanveer Tahreem , Hassan Ali , Abdullah Shakir Hafiz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMicrobial infections have consistently been identified as one of the major threats to global health. In this regard, the current study was designed to synthesize and evaluate the antibacterial activity of Mo‐AgNPs at various concentrations (2, 4, and 8 mg/mL), temperatures (4 °C, 25 °C, 37 °C, and 85 °C) and pH (4, 7, and 11) against Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Aeromonas veronii) and Gram‐positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) by the well diffusion method as well as antioxidant potential using DPPH assay at 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL. Fabrication of Mo‐AgNPs was authenticated by UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Mo‐AgNPs produced a significant zone of growth inhibition (21.0±0.3 mm) againstB. subtilisat 8 mg/mL. At 25 °C, a significant zone of growth inhibition (21.0±0.8 mm) was measured againstE. coli. Similarly, at pH 4, Mo‐AgNPs showed significantly highest growth inhibition zones of 12.0±7.5 mm, 12.0±6.3 mm, and 12.0±9.8 mm againstP. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, andA. veronii, respectively. The present study results indicated that Mo‐AgNPs are stable under varied conditions. Significant free radical scavenging activity (82±0.5 %) of Mo‐AgNPs at 4 mg/mL was observed, which revealed the antioxidant potential of the Mo‐AgNPs.
Extraction of Aluminum and Preparation of Polymerized Aluminum Ferric Sulfate from Red Mud
Authors: MA Yuzhao , HUANG Jiushuang , PAN Aifang , YANG Xiaofeng , TANG Shuai , ZHANG Ziyao , LI Yongqi , MO Miss. Qianzi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBy employing an “alkali calcination‐water leaching” integrated extraction technique, the separation of aluminum and iron components in red mud is achieved through the extraction of aluminum oxide and the preparation of polymeric aluminum iron sulfate (PAFS) water treatment agent. Basic characteristics of raw material red mud were characterized. The process parameters of activation calcination, leaching, and preparation of water treatment agent were determined. The prepared PAFS was characterized in terms of its fundamental properties and waste water treatment capacity. Results showed that the content of Al2O3 and Fe2O3 in red mud was 12.98 % and 6.09 %, respectively, distributed in the amorphous phase, while SiO2 and CaO existed in form of feldspar, calcite, and calcium silicate. During calcination stage, use NaOH as the activation medium, over 43 % Al2O3 could be extracted under the optimal activation and leaching process parameters. After acid leaching of the water‐leached residue, PAFS water treatment agent was prepared by utilizing the resultant acid leaching solution with NaOH as PH regulator. By optimizing the process parameters for preparation, an impressive turbidity removal rate of 97.52 % was achieved for the resulting PAFS. This study presents a viable approach for achieving significant reduction and maximizing the value‐added utilization of red mud.
Facile synthesis of single‐nickel‐atomic dispersed mesoporous carbon nanosheets with controllable nitrogen doping for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Xu Hui , Qiu Liming , Lv Chunmei , Zheng Hongbing , Zhang Yongzheng , Ma Cheng , Wang Jitong , Qiao Wenming , Ling Licheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe catalytic conversion of CO2 into high value‐added chemical products driven by electricity was an effective strategy to reduce atmospheric CO2 concentration. The development of high efficiency catalysts had always been the core for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2. The single transition metal sites anchored on nitrogen‐doped carbon showed great potential in CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). In this paper, the atomically dispersed Ni−N sites are constructed on the two‐dimensional mesoporous carbon nanosheets by the secondary pyrolysis method. The rich mesoporous structure of the two‐dimensional nanosheets is beneficial to CO2 diffusion and adsorption during CO2RR, and the high nitrogen contents could increase the Ni single atom loadings. The nitrogen content and type could be controlled by regulating the ratio of nitrogen source to carbon source, and the catalyst activity is improved as the proportion of nitrogen sources increases. When the ratio of nitrogen source to carbon source is four, the oxidation state of Ni single atoms Ni@NMCN4 is between 0 and +2, and Ni single atoms exists as Ni−N4 structure with pyridinic N of 32.78 %, which exhibits the best electrochemical CO2RR activity. The active site of Ni@NMCN4 is confirmed as the highly stable Ni single atoms. Moreover, the pyridinic N species are proved to play an important role in enhancing the CO2 electroreduction performance. This work provides a new perspective to adjust the nitrogen content and type in transition metal monatomic‐N‐doped carbon electrocatalysts for CO2RR.
Multi‐Dimensional Binary Micro CuCo2O4/Nano NiCo2S4 for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Yang , Li Shaoqi , Ning Fangxue , Wang Guangning , Wang Tianyang , Chen Tingting 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is an effective way to prepare multi‐dimensional and multicomponent electrode material to enhance the capacitance of supercapacitors. The multi‐dimensional micro CuCo2O4/nano NiCo2S4 structure was synthesized by wrapping NiCo2S4 nanosheets on urchin‐like CuCo2O4 microspheres on the surface of nickel foam by two‐step hydrothermal method, and then electrochemical deposition. Due to the synergistic effect of the one‐dimensional CuCo2O4 and the two‐dimensional NiCo2S4 composite and its especial three‐dimensional core‐shell structure, the composite electrode shows excellent supercapacitor performance. The CuCo2O4@NiCo2S4 with three electrodeposition cycles (CCO@NCS‐3) exhibits a high specific capacitance of 2283.3 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, good rate capability (79.9 % capacitance retention at 10 A g−1) and cycling stability of 84.0 % over 3000 cycles. All these results indicate that the concepts of multi‐dimensional and multi‐component integration provide a general approach for the development of high‐performance materials.
1D/2D Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanofibers/Carbon Flakes Hybrid Nonmetal Polymeric Photo‐ and Piezocatalyst
Authors: Orudzhev Farid , Selimov Daud , Rabadanova Alina , Shuaibov Abdulatip , Abdurakhamanov Magomed , Gulakhmedov Rashid , Papež Nikola , Ramazanov Shikhgasan , Zvereva Irina , Částková Klara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCurrently, one of the priority tasks is the development of intelligent materials that are sensitive to stimuli and can be used in catalytic applications for efficient decomposition of organic pollutants. Particularly relevant in this regard is the development of inexpensive non‐metallic hybrid polymer photocatalysts, and the explanation of the mechanism of using light energy in such systems is still the subject of open discussions. In this work, hybrid polymer fiber membranes based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with graphite flakes were obtained by electrospinning. The morphology of the obtained samples was investigated using SEM microscopy methods, and their crystalline structure was analysed using XRD, Raman, and FTIR methods. Using RFE spectroscopy, it was shown that the addition of graphite leads to ion‐dipole interaction between the carbon surface and the polymer dipoles, changing the ratio of covalent and semi‐ionic bonds on the surface. The catalytic properties investigated during the decomposition of the organic dye methylene blue (MB) demonstrated high piezocatalytic activity of doped membranes and high photocatalytic activity of PVDF/C0.5. It was established that the photocatalytic activity is due to excitonic excitation.
Controllable selectivity of carboxylic acids produced by H3+n[PMo12‐nVnO40]‐catalyzed oxidation of lignite and its oxidative mechanism analysis
Authors: Liang Chong , Zhao Wei , Liu Xutang , Wang Fei , Jiang Zhijie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough the oxidation of lignite has been extensively studied, the factors affecting the selectivity of carboxylic acids (CAs) are unclear. This attractive work examines the changes in CAs selectivity when lignite is oxidized by H3+n[PMo12‐nVnO40] (HPA‐n, n=1‐5) and discloses the catalytic mechanism of HPA. The results show that the selectivity of benzene polycarboxylic acids and acetic acid (AA) increases with increasing vanadium content of HPA‐n, such as mellitic acid and benzenepentacarboxylic acid from 0.8 % and 3.0 % to 5.4 % and 16.2 %, respectively. Consequently, the differences in the concentration of HPA or H2SO4 used to obtain optimal formic acid and AA yields confirm that the intrinsic properties of CAs calculated by Gaussian 09 can also affect their selectivity. HPA can not only activate lignite through electron transfer, but also further activate oxygen, leading to the generation of active substance ⋅OH in water. Consequentially, ⋅OH as the key reactive substance can promote the breakage of bridge bonds, side chains and condensed aromatic rings during HPA‐catalyzed oxidation of lignite. Thus, the oxidation pathway of lignite over HPA is proposed. This work constructs a relationship between oxidation capacity and CAs selectivity and discloses the lignite oxidation pathway at the molecular level, which is a significant progress in HPA‐catalyzed conversion of lignite.
Synthesis of Levoglucosenone‐derived Thiosemicarbazones as Promising Antituberculosis Agents
Authors: Tsai Yi‐hsuan , Aira Nicolás , Ensinck Delfina , Banchio Claudia , Gramajo Hugo , Suárez Alejandra G. , Spanevello Rolando A. , Sarotti Ariel M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA series of levoglucosenone‐derived thiosemicarbazones have been designed and synthesized following a simple and straightforward procedure. The in vitro antimycobacterial activity of the full library were evaluated againstM. tuberculosisH37Ra, with 4 compounds being active in the 1.9–10.7 μg/mL concentration range. To determine the influence of the thiosemicarbazone fragment, the synthetic precursors were analyzed, as well as 50 structurally diverse triazoles and isoxazoles derived from levoglucosenone. Comparing the observed activities with the levels of cell viability in L929 cells at the MIC, it can be concluded that the derivatives reported in this work represent interesting candidates for further development of promising antituberculosis agents.
Highly Efficient Oral Iguratimod/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanodrugs Fabricated by High‐Gravity Nanoprecipitation Technique for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tao Cheng , Li Feifei , Ma Zhenzhen , Li Xiaoming , Zhang Yali , Le Yuan , Wang Jiexin , Zhao Jinxia , Liu Chaoyong , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA), a systemic autoimmune disease, poses a significant human health threat. Iguratimod (IGUR), a novel disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), has attracted great attention for RA treatment. Due to IGUR’s hydrophobic nature, there’s a pressing need for effective pharmaceutical formulations to enhance bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. The high‐gravity nanoprecipitation technique (HGNPT) emerges as a promising approach for formulating poorly water‐soluble drugs. In this study, IGUR nanodrugs (NanoIGUR) are synthesized using HGNPT, with a focus on optimizing various operational parameters. The outcomes revealed that HGNPT enabled the continuous production of NanoIGUR with smaller sizes (ranging from 300 to 1000 nm), more uniform shapes, and reduced crystallinity. In vitro drug release tests demonstrated improved dissolution rates with decreasing particle size and crystallinity. Notably, in vitro and in vivo investigations showcased NanoIGUR’s efficacy in inhibiting synovial fibroblast proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as reducing inflammation in collagen‐induced arthritis. This study introduces a promising strategy to enhance and broaden the application of poorly water‐soluble drugs.
A Versatile Platform to Generate Prodrugs with Rapid and Precise Albumin Hitchhiking and High Cargo Loading for Tumor‐Targeted Chemotherapy
Authors: Li Jing , Xing Huimin , Chen Jie , Lu Hongyu , Tao Ze , Tao Yiran , Sun Yunqing , Su Tao , Li Xin , Chang Huansheng , Chen Shiyuan , Chen Zhuo , Yang Hao , Cheng Jingqiu , Zhu Hong , Lu Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to its tumor homing and long serum half‐life, albumin is an ideal drug carrier for chemotherapy. For endogenous albumin hitchhiking with high cargo loading, a trimeric albumin‐binding domain (ABD), i.e., ABD‐Tri is designed by fusing an ABD with high specificity and affinity for albumin to a self‐trimerizing domain (Tri) with an additional cysteine residue. ABD‐Tri is highly (40 mg L−1) expressed as soluble and trimeric proteins in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Once mixed together, ABD‐Tri rapidly and specifically forms a stable complex with albumin under physiological conditions without obviously changing its receptor‐ and cell‐binding and tumor‐homing properties. Maleimide‐modified prodrugs are highly effectively conjugated to ABD‐Tri to produce homogenous ABD‐Tri‐prodrugs with triple cargo loading under physiological conditions by thiol–maleimide click chemistry. Unlike the maleimide moiety, which can only mediate time‐ and concentration‐dependent albumin binding, ABD‐Tri mediated fast (within several minutes) albumin binding of drugs even at extremely low concentrations (µg mL−1). Compared to maleimide‐modified prodrugs, ABD‐Tri‐prodrugs exhibit better tumor homing and greater in vivo antitumor effect, indicating that conjugation of chemical drug to ABD‐Tri outperforms maleimide modification for endogenous albumin hitchhiking. The results demonstrate that ABD‐Tri may serve as a novel platform to produce albumin‐binding prodrugs with high cargo‐loading capacity for tumor‐targeted chemotherapy.
Wavelength‐Controlled Photoconductance Polarity Switching via Harnessing Defects in Doped PdSe2 for Artificial Synaptic Features
Authors: Jiang Jiayang , Xu Weiting , Sun Zhenhao , Fu Lei , Zhang Shixiong , Qin Biao , Fan Teng , Li Guoping , Chen Shuaiyu , Yang Shengxue , Ge Weikun , Shen Bo , Tang Ning 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOptoelectronic synapses are currently drawing significant attention as fundamental building blocks of neuromorphic computing to mimic brain functions. In this study, a two‐terminal synaptic device based on a doped PdSe2 flake is proposed to imitate the key neural functions in an optical pathway. Due to the wavelength‐dependent desorption of oxygen clusters near the intrinsic selenide vacancy defects, the doped PdSe2 photodetector achieves a high negative photoresponsivity of −7.8 × 103 A W−1 at 473 nm and a positive photoresponsivity of 181 A W−1 at 1064 nm. This wavelength‐selective bi‐direction photoresponse endows an all‐optical pathway to imitate the fundamental functions of artificial synapses on a device level, such as psychological learning and forgetting capability, as well as dynamic logic functions. The underpinning photoresponse is further demonstrated on a flexible platform, providing a viable technology for neuromorphic computing in wearable electronics. Furthermore, the p‐type doping results in an effective increase of the channel's electrical conductivity and a significant reduction in power consumption. Such low‐power‐consuming optical synapses with simple device architecture and low‐dimensional features demonstrate tremendous promise for building multifunctional artificial neuromorphic systems in the future.
Nanostructure Tuning of Gold Nanoparticles Films via Click Sintering
Authors: Urban Massimo , Rosati Giulio , Maroli Gabriel , Pelle Flavio Della , Bonini Andrea , Sajti Laszlo , Fedel Mariangela , Merkoçi Arben 
Published: November 2023

AbstractColloidal metal nanoparticles dispersions are commonly used to create functional printed electronic devices and they typically require time‐, energy‐ and equipment‐consuming post‐treatments to improve their electrical and mechanical properties. Traditional methods, e.g. thermal, UV/IR, and microwave treatments, limit the substrate options and may require expensive equipment, not available in all the laboratories. Moreover, these processes also cause the collapse of the film (nano)pores and interstices, limiting or impeding its nanostructuration. Finding a simple approach to obtain complex nanostructured materials with minimal post‐treatments remains a challenge. In this study, a new sintering method for gold nanoparticle inks that called as “click sintering” has been reported. The method uses a catalytic reaction to enhance and tune the nanostructuration of the film while sintering the metallic nanoparticles, without requiring any cumbersome post‐treatment. This results in a conductive and electroactive nanoporous thin film, whose properties can be tuned by the conditions of the reaction, i.e., concentration of the reagent and time. Therefore, this study presents a novel and innovative one‐step approach to simultaneously sinter gold nanoparticles films and create functional nanostructures, directly and easily, introducing a new concept of real‐time treatment with possible applications in the fields of flexible electronics, biosensing, energy, and catalysis.
Teacher Reflexivity for Problematizing Gendered Discourses in ELT in China: What Can Researcher‐Practitioner Collaboration Offer?
Authors: Xiong Tao , Zhang Lin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe topic of gender equality has attracted significant attention in the field of English language teaching and applied linguistics. While there has been much discussion about the representation of gender in the curriculum content and teacher talk, the epistemic cognitive processes underpinning transformative teaching practices have received relatively little attention. This study utilizes the 3R‐EC (reflection, reflexivity, and resolved action for epistemic cognition) framework for teacher reflexivity to explore the epistemic process that guides teachers' pedagogical decision making, beliefs, and practices when they engage in gender education. Using critical ethnography and conversational interviews, the current study shows how epistemic reflexivity as a useful conceptual tool unravels the intricacies of teacher learning and practice in problematizing gendered discourses, and how researcher‐practitioner collaboration (RPC) serves a catalyst for promoting teacher reflexivity. It argues for a holistic approach to teacher reflection and reflective practice in gender education and stresses the importance of transforming teachers into mindful professionals who are critically aware of the gender gap and gender ideologies. Furthermore, it underscores the significance of developing innovative pedagogies for gender inclusivity and diversity in the context of English as a foreign language (EFL).