bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The trouble with a cuddle: Families’ experiences of supervising interactions between children in middle childhood and the family dog
Authors: Baatz Anna , Bidgood Amy , Taylor Gemma , Young Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: There is growing scientific interest in the benefits for children of interacting with and engaging with domestic dogs. Since the effects of such pairings on the dog are under explored, this study aimed to explore the lived experiences of family units supervising interactions between children in middle childhood (7–12) and the family dog(s).
Methods: Ten families with at least one child aged 7–12 years old (mean 8.6, SD 1.6) and a family dog were recruited via social media to participate in whole family unit face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Experience of the effects of child-dog interaction (CDI) on the family dog was explored through discussion and reflections of CDIs, the dog’s responses, and how these were managed. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis using a semantic approach was used to construct key themes.
Results: All families reported that the most positive CDIs were of mutual play or that the dog freely approached the child with the ability to move away. This dynamic is subsequently referred to as dog freedom of choice (FOC). Most discussed experiences of dog aggression or avoidance of the child when FOC was compromised by close physical contact (CPC) from the child, such as cuddling. In most cases, the caregivers and children within the family unit were aware that the dog did not always enjoy such a CPC. However, interviewees recognised that such awareness did not always lead to cessation of the interaction.
Conclusions: While shared play where FOC was supported suggested mutual benefits, CDIs perceived as expressions of affection, for example, hugs towards the family dog, may compromise dog quality of life and raise the risk of dog bites. Furthermore, a caregiver or child with conscious awareness of a dog reacting aversely to compromised FOC is not always a mechanism for ending of the interaction. This may raise questions about the efficacy of education programmes intended to raise the recognition of dog body language to change human behaviour.
Effect of esaxerenone on ischaemia and reperfusion injury in rat hearts
Authors: Yamashita Hiromasa , Fujii Masahiro , Bessho Ryuzo , Ishii Yosuke 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
In myocardial infarction, the addition of mineralocorticoid receptor blockers to standard therapies, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or beta-blockers, reportedly reduces mortality and cardiac events. We investigated whether the non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor blocker esaxerenone has cardioprotective effects and its protective mechanisms.

METHODS
Isolated rat hearts were Langendorff-perfused (constant pressure, 80 mmHg) with oxygenated Krebs–Henseleit bicarbonate buffer and reperfused for 60 min; afterwards, recovery of function (left ventricular pressure, measured with an intraventricular balloon) and myocardial injury were measured. In a preliminary study, we determined the optimal concentration of esaxerenone required for myocardial protection. Next, esaxerenone was administered in the pre- and post-ischaemic phases to determine the optimal timing of administration. In addition, we assessed coronary flow response to acetylcholine with and without esaxerenone. We examined whether esaxerenone-induced cardioprotection was prevented by targeting putative components in the preconditioning manner (the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium [KATP] channel).

RESULTS
Myocardial protection by esaxerenone was observed when esaxerenone was administered before ischaemia but not after ischaemia. The coronary flow response to acetylcholine was significantly better in the esaxerenone group than in the control group. The cardioprotective effect of esaxerenone was eliminated by the mitochondrial KATP channel blocker, 5-hydroxy decanoate.

CONCLUSIONS
This study confirmed the myocardial protective effect of the pre-ischaemic administration of esaxerenone. Esaxerenone may contribute to coronary endothelial protection and exert pharmacological preconditioning via the mitochondrial KATP channel.
Microbial pathogens in the movies
Authors: Sánchez-Angulo Manuel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Usually, show business depicts viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms as one of the worse menaces to mankind. Entertainment movies influence the way audiences understand and perceive these topics. Few films accurately portray the science of microbiology and its social implications. Movies and TV series often feature outbreaks of deadly diseases and the efforts of scientists and medical professionals to contain them. However, entertainment movies can also be used to educate the public about the importance and the impact that microorganisms have on our lives, helping to increase public awareness and appreciation of the world of microbiology. The aim of this review is to show the relationship between movies and microbiology, from the fight against diseases such as AIDS or tuberculosis, to the zombie apocalypse.
Targeted therapies for lupus nephritis: Current perspectives and future directions
Authors: Jia Xiuzhi , Lu Yuewen , Zheng Xunhua , Tang Ruihan , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN), a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus, poses a substantial risk of progression to end-stage renal disease, with increased mortality. Conventional therapy for LN relies on broad-spectrum immunosuppressants such as glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil, and calcineurin inhibitors. Although therapeutic regimens have evolved over the years, they have inherent limitations, including non-specific targeting, substantial adverse effects, high relapse rates, and prolonged maintenance and remission courses. These drawbacks underscore the need for targeted therapeutic strategies for LN. Recent advancements in our understanding of LN pathogenesis have led to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and the emergence of biological agents and small-molecule inhibitors with improved specificity and reduced toxicity. This review provides an overview of the current evidence on targeted therapies for LN, elucidates the biological mechanisms of responses and failure, highlights the challenges ahead, and outlines strategies for subsequent clinical trials and integrated immunomodulatory approaches.
Immunohistochemical and Molecular Characteristics of Anogenital Papillary Hidradenomas
Authors: Karpathiou Georgia , Sim Angela , Picot Tiphanie , Mekhzoumi Khaoula , Chauleur Celine , Péoc'h Michel 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Papillary hidradenomas (PHs) of the anogenital region are uncommon tumors whose immunohistochemical and molecular profile have been infrequently studied.

Material and methods:
We studied 15 PHs by next-generation sequencing and 10 immunohistochemical markers (PAX8, GATA3, HER2, MSH6, PMS2, estrogen, progesterone and androgen receptors, CK14, and NKX3.1).

Results:
All cases expressed GATA3, whereas none expressed PAX8, and rare tumor cells were NKX3.1-positive. Almost all cases expressed estrogen receptors (ER), progesteron receptors (PR), and androgen receptors (AR). CK14 was expressed by myoepithelial cells, whereas only rarely by the epithelial tumor cells. HER2 showed no significant expression. Immunohistochemical expression for the mismatch repair proteins showed persistence in all cases. Molecular analysis often showed PIK3CA mutations, as well as KRAS, SMO, and MAP2K1 mutations.

Conclusion:
Anogenital PHs frequently harbor PIK3CA mutations and show a PAX8-, GATA3/ER/PR/AR + immunohistochemical profile.
Measles seroprevalence in adolescents and young adults living with HIV and response to MMR booster in seronegative ones
Authors: Simakawa Raquel M. , Araújo Beatriz C. , Ono Erika , De Moraes-Pinto M. Isabel , Succi Regina C.M. 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
The study analyzed people with HIV (PWH) measles seroprevalence and response to MMR booster given to seronegative individuals.

Design:
A prospective cohort study with four groups: vertically (v-HIV), horizontally infected (h-HIV) individuals, and two control groups. An MMR booster was offered to seronegative individuals.

Results:
Measles seropositivity and IgG antibodies were significantly lower in v-HIV than in the other groups. All measles seronegative patients responded to booster.

Conclusion:
An MMR booster must be sought during adolescence in vertically PWH.
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolites during AIDS: implications for CD4+ T cell reduction and immune activation
Authors: Zhou Jie , Yang Yuecong , Xie Zhiman , Lu Dongjia , Huang Jinping , Lan Liuyang , Guo Baodong , Yang Xiping , Wang Qing , Li Zhuoxin , Zhang Yu , Yang Xing , Ai Sufang , Liu Ningmei , Cui Ping , Liang Hao , Ye Li , Huang Jiegang 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
Identifying the gut microbiota associated with host immunity in the AIDS stage.

Design:
We performed a cross-sectional study.

Methods:
We recruited people with HIV (PWH) in the AIDS or non-AIDS stage and evaluated their gut microbiota and metabolites by using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Machine learning models were used to analyze the correlations between key bacteria and CD4+ T cell count, CD4+ T cell activation, bacterial translocation, gut metabolites, and KEGG functional pathways.

Results:
We recruited 114 PWH in the AIDS stage and 203 PWH in the non-AIDS stage. The α-diversity of gut microbiota was downregulated in the AIDS stage (P < 0.05). Several machine learning models could be used to identify key gut microbiota associated with AIDS, including the logistic regression model with area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and Brier scores of 0.854, 0.813, 0.813, and 0.160, respectively. The decreased key bacteria ASV1 (Bacteroides sp.), ASV8 (Fusobacterium sp.), ASV30 (Roseburia sp.), ASV37 (Bacteroides sp.), and ASV41 (Lactobacillus sp.) in the AIDS stage were positively correlated with the CD4+ T cell count, the EndoCAb IgM level, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid abundance, and the predicted cell growth pathway, and negatively correlated with the CD3+CD4+CD38+HLA-DR+ T cell count and the sCD14 level.

Conclusion:
Machine learning has the potential to recognize key gut microbiota related to AIDS. The key five bacteria in the AIDS stage and their metabolites might be related to CD4+ T cell reduction and immune activation.
Elevation-dependent patterns of snow-gum dieback are associated with subspecies’ trait differences and environmental variation
Authors: Bryant Callum , Ball Marilyn C. , Borevitz Justin , Brookhouse Matthew T. , Carle Hannah , Cunningham Pia , Davey Mei , Davies James , Eason Ashleigh , Erskine Joseph D. , Fuenzalida Tomas I. , Grishin Dmitry , Harris Rosalie , Kriticos Jessica , Midson Aaron , Nicotra Adrienne B. , Nshuti Annabelle , Ward-Jones Jessica , Yau Yolanda , Young Olivia , Bothwell Helen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSubalpine forests worldwide face the synergistic threats of global warming and increased biotic attack, and the collapse or transition of subalpine forests is predicted in south-eastern Australia under future climates. The recent widespread dieback of subalpine snow gum forests due to increased activity of a native wood-boring longicorn beetle suggests this process may already be underway. We investigated how variation in tree tissue traits and environmental conditions correlated with elevation-dependent spatial patterns of forest mortality.We hypothesised that increased vulnerability of subalpine snow gums to wood-borer-mediated dieback at intermediate elevations was associated with poorly-resolved differences in traits between montane (Eucalyptus pauciflorasubsp.pauciflora)and subalpine (E. pauciflorasubsp.niphophila)snow-gum subspecies. We first sought to characterise variation and elevation-dependent transitions in 20 structural and drought-related functional traits among 120 healthy trees distributed along a 1000m elevation transect which spanned the subspecies transition zone. Secondly, we surveyed 774 trees across 53 sites between 1280-1980m asl. to explore associations between borer-damage severity, elevation, subspecies, and a subset of traits that differed between subspecies.These snow-gum subspecies exhibited mean differences and/or divergent elevation responses in 25% of traits surveyed, indicating contrasting suites of traits between montane and subalpine subspecies. Increased borer-damage severity across the montane-to-subalpine subspecies transition was correlated with lower bark thickness, whereas reduced borer damage at the highest elevations was associated with greater precipitation and lower temperatures.Our results suggest that due to possessing distinct traits associated with increased borer susceptibility, subalpine snow-gum forests will be subject to increased risk of severe borer-mediated forest dieback under warmer and drier future climates. Identifying traits contributing to species’ distribution limits and biotic-agent vulnerability remains critical for predicting, monitoring, and possibly mitigating forest and vegetation declines under future climates.
QuadST: A Powerful and Robust Approach for Identifying Cell–Cell Interaction-Changed Genes on Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics
Authors: Choi Jinmyung , Ehrlich Michelle E. , Roussos Panos , Wang Pei , Yuan Guo-Cheng , Song Xiaoyu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSpatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) have enabled profiling spatial organization of cells and their transcriptome in situ. Various analytical methods have been developed to uncover cell-cell interaction processes using SRT data. To improve upon existing efforts, we developed a novel statistical framework called QuadST for the robust and powerful identification of interaction-changed genes (ICGs) for cell-type-pair specific interactions on a single-cell SRT dataset. QuadST is motivated by the idea that in the presence of cell-cell interaction, gene expression level can vary with cell-cell distance between cell type pairs, which can be particularly pronounced within and in the vicinity of cell-cell interaction distance. Specifically, QuadST infers ICGs in a specific cell type pair’s interaction based on a quantile regression model, which allows us to assess the strength of distance-expression association across entire distance quantiles conditioned on gene expression level. To identify ICGs, QuadST performs a hypothesis testing with an empirically estimated FDR, whose upper bound is determined by the ratio of cumulative associations at symmetrically smaller and larger distance quantiles simultaneously across all genes. Simulation studies illustrate that QuadST provides consistent FDR control and better power performance than other compared methods. Its application on SRT datasets profiled from mouse brains demonstrates that QuadST can identify ICGs presumed to play a role in specific cell type pair interactions (e.g., synaptic pathway genes among excitatory neuron cell interactions). These results suggest that QuadST can be a useful tool to discover genes and regulatory processes involved in specific cell type pair interactions.
Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Multi-Rod Constructs in Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Azzam Moatasem M 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdult Spinal Deformity (ASD) is a degenerative condition of the spinal column that is categorized by sagittal imbalance, iatrogenic spinal deformity, and abnormal spinal curvature and leads to diminished quality of life. ASD is frequently repaired via neurological or orthopedic spine surgery to restore normal curvature and alignment. Surgical correction often involves the use of single, dual, or multiple-rod constructs. Multirod constructs, in particular, offer improved stability and deformity adjustment that is unmatched by single and multi-rod assemblies, but may include significant disadvantages. This review seeks to weigh the costs and benefits associated with the use of multiple rods in adult spinal deformity surgery.
MANTIS at #SMM4H 2023: Leveraging Hybrid and Ensemble Models for Detection of Social Anxiety Disorder on Reddit
Authors: Zanwar Sourabh , Wiechmann Daniel , Qiao Yu , Kerz Elma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper presents our system employed for the Social Media Mining for Health 2023 Shared Task 4: Binary classification of English Reddit posts self-reporting a social anxiety disorder diagnosis. We systematically investigate and contrast the efficacy of hybrid and ensemble models that harness specialized medical domain-adapted transformers in conjunction with BiLSTM neural networks. The evaluation results outline that our best performing model obtained 89.31% F1 on the validation set and 83.76% F1 on the test set.
LGR5+ Intestinal Stem Cells Display Sex Dependent Radiosensitivity
Authors: Zitter Ryan C. , Chugh Rishi Man , Bhanja Payel , Saha Subhrajit 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRadiosensitivity, the susceptibility of cells to ionizing radiation, plays a critical role in understanding the effects of radiation therapy and exposure on tissue health and regeneration. Identifying characteristics that predict how a patient may respond to radiotherapy enables clinicians to maximize the therapeutic window. Limited clinical data suggested a difference in male and female radiotherapy outcomes. Radiotherapy for gastrointestinal malignancy is still a challenge due to intestinal sensitivity to radiation toxicity. In this manuscript, we demonstrated sex-specific differences in intestinal epithelial radiosensitivity. In mice models of abdominal irradiation, we observed a significant increase in oxidative stress and injury in males compared to females. Lgr5+ve intestinal stem cells from male mice showed higher sensitivity to radiation-induced toxicity. However, sex-specific differences in intestinal radiosensitivity are not dependent on sex hormones as we demonstrated similar sex-specific radiosensitivity differences in pediatric mice. In an ex-vivo study, we found that human patient-derived intestinal organoids (PID) derived from males showed higher sensitivity to irradiation compared to females as evidenced by loss of budding crypt, organoid size, and membrane integrity. Transcriptomic analysis of human Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells suggested radiation induced upregulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in males compared to females’ possible mechanism for radiosensitivity differences.
Feedforward and feedback mechanisms cooperatively regulate rapid experience-dependent response adaptation in a single thermosensory neuron type
Authors: Hill Tyler J. , Sengupta Piali 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTSensory adaptation allows neurons to adjust their sensitivity and responses based on recent experience. The mechanisms that mediate continuous adaptation to stimulus history over seconds to hours long timescales, and whether these mechanisms can operate within a single sensory neuron type, are unclear. The single pair of AFD thermosensory neurons inC. elegansexhibits experience-dependent plasticity in their temperature response thresholds on both minutes- and hours-long timescales upon a temperature upshift. While long-term response adaptation requires changes in gene expression in AFD, the mechanisms driving rapid response plasticity are unknown. Here, we show that rapid thermosensory response adaptation in AFD is mediated via cGMP and calcium-dependent feedforward and feedback mechanisms operating at the level of primary thermotransduction. We find that either of two thermosensor receptor guanylyl cyclases (rGCs) alone is sufficient to drive rapid adaptation, but that each rGC drives adaptation at different rates. rGC-driven adaptation is mediated in part via phosphorylation of their intracellular domains, and calcium-dependent feedback regulation of basal cGMP levels via a neuronal calcium sensor protein. In turn, cGMP levels feedforward via cGMP-dependent protein kinases to phosphorylate a specific subunit of the cGMP-gated thermotransduction channel to further regulate rapid adaptation. Our results identify multiple molecular pathways that act in AFD to ensure rapid adaptation to a temperature change, and indicate that the deployment of both transcriptional and non-transcriptional mechanisms within a single sensory neuron type can contribute to continuous sensory adaptation.Significance statementThe nervous system must continuously adapt to the sensory environment in order to adjust response sensitivity. Although both short- and long-term response adaptation has been reported to occur within sensory neurons themselves, how temporally distinct plasticity mechanisms are coordinated within single sensory neurons is unclear. We previously showed that long-term adaptation of temperature responses in the single AFD thermosensory neuron pair inC. elegansis mediated via gene expression changes in this neuron type. Here we show that multiple second messenger-driven feedforward and feedback mechanisms act to drive rapid thermosensory adaptation in AFD. Our results indicate that modulation of thermotransduction molecules via both transcriptional and non-transcriptional mechanisms contribute to distinct temporal phases of adaptation in a single sensory neuron type.
Cross-Species Evaluation of qPCR Reference Genes inDiabrotica speciosa(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) using Diabrotica virgifera virgifera sequences
Authors: de Souza Luiz Renato Rosa Leme , Okumoto Nayara Costa de Carvalho S. , Marques-Souza Henrique 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe cucurbit beetleDiabrotica speciosais one of the most important corn pests in Brazil, seen as responsible for about 10-13% losses in maze crops, especially in the southern region of Brazil. The development of sustainable technologies for specific pest control, such as RNAi, depends on the identification of target genes and on the characterization of the gene expression profile of these genes in different developmental stages. Gene expression analyses, on the other hand, depend on reliable reference genes for the normalization of RT-qPCR data. In this study, we performed a cross-species evaluation of qPCR reference genes already validated inDiabrotica virgifera virgifera, due to its relevance as an important corn pest in North America. The expression of the reference genes EF1α, β-actin, β-tubulin, and GAPDH was evaluated in different developmental stages of theDiabrotica speciosa: egg, neonate, 3rdinstar larva, pupa, and adult. The stability of the reference genes was analyzed using the ΔCt method, BestKeeper, GeNorm, and NormFinder algorithms available at RefFinder web-based tool. From all four genes, β-actin and EF1α were the most suitable for normalizing genes, with both expression and stability ranking position in accordance with the results reported forDiabrotica virgifera virgifera. Our findings provide valuable information for researchers studying gene expression during different developmental stages of this species and highlight the potential of validating cross-species reference genes.