bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ribosomal RNA Biosynthesis Functionally Programs Tumor-Associated Macrophages to Support Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Metge Brandon J. , Williams Li'an , Swain Courtney A. , Hinshaw Dominique C. , Elhamamsy Amr R. , Chen Dongquan , Samant Rajeev S. , Shevde Lalita A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Macrophages are important cellular components of the innate immune system, serving as the first line of immune defense. They are also among the first immune cells to be reprogrammed by the evolving tumor milieu into tumor-supportive macrophages that facilitate tumor progression and promote therapeutic evasion. Here, we uncovered that macrophages from preneoplastic breast lesions were enriched for ribosome biosynthesis genes, indicating that this is an early event that is maintained in the tumor tissue. Furthermore, following treatment with irradiation or chemotherapy, breast tumors featured an abundance of tumor-supporting macrophages that displayed an enrichment of signatures of ribosomal RNA expression and ribosome biosynthesis. Consistently, rRNA synthesis was increased in tumor-supportive macrophages. In preclinical models of mammary cancer, a low dose of the RNA biogenesis inhibitor BMH-21 converted pro-tumor macrophages to tumor-suppressive macrophages and supported an inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Inhibition of rRNA transcription stimulated a nucleolar stress response that activated the p53 and NF-κB pathways, which orchestrated impaired ribosome biogenesis checkpoint signaling that induced an inflammatory program in macrophages. Finally, inhibiting ribosome biogenesis augmented the effectiveness of neoadjuvant therapy. Together, these findings provide evidence that ribosome biogenesis is a targetable dependency to reprogram the tumor immune microenvironment.
Deep-ELA: Deep Exploratory Landscape Analysis with Self-Supervised Pretrained Transformers for Single- and Multi-Objective Continuous Optimization Problems
Authors: Seiler Moritz Vinzent , Kerschke Pascal , Trautmann Heike 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In many recent works,the potential of Exploratory Landscape Analysis (ELA) features to numerically characterize single-objective continuous optimization problems has been demonstrated. These numerical features provide the input for all kinds of machine learning tasks in the domain of continuous optimization problems, ranging, i.a., from High-level Property Prediction to Automated Algorithm Selection and Automated Algorithm Configuration. Without ELA features, analyzing and understanding the characteristics of single-objective continuous optimization problems is — to the best of our knowledge — very limited.
Yet, despite their usefulness, as demonstrated in several past works, ELA features suffer from several drawbacks. These include, in particular, (1.) a strong correlation between multiple features, as well as (2.) its very limited applicability to multiobjective continuous optimization problems. As a remedy, recent works proposed deep learning-based approaches as alternatives to ELA. In these works, among others point-cloud transformers were used to characterize an optimization problem's fitness landscape. However, these approaches require a large amount of labeled training data.
Within this work, we propose a hybrid approach, Deep-ELA, which combines (the benefits of) deep learning and ELA features. We pre-trained four transformers on millions of randomly generated optimization problems to learn deep representations of the landscapes of continuous single- and multi-objective optimization problems. Our proposed framework can either be used out-of-the-box for analyzing single- and multiobjective continuous optimization problems, or subsequently fine-tuned to various tasks focusing on algorithm behavior and problem understanding.
Fictional Properties
Authors: Kroon Frederick , Oppenheimer Paul E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The topic of fictional objects and their nature is a familiar one, the topic of fictional properties less so. This article focuses on the way artefactualism – now arguably the most popular form of realism about fictional objects – might be extended to give an account of fictional properties. After describing what seems the most developed such extension, the article articulates a serious problem it faces, before showing how artefactualism about fictional properties would benefit from certain insights contained in an alternative abstract-object version of fictional realism.
Fictional Characters and Their Individuating Properties
Authors: Voltolini Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this article, I want to defend two claims. First, as regards fictional characters (ficta), one must appeal to constitutive properties, i.e., properties that are not only necessary but also essential for a fictum involved by a certain narration; namely, the internal discourse about a fictum. Such properties are indeed the properties that are truly predicated of ficta, either explicitly or implicitly, in that narration. For the appeal to such properties may explain not only i) the truth of important bits of external discourse, i.e., the discourse concerning a fictum outside that narration, but also ii) a fictum’s individuation, i.e., what makes that fictum the object it is. Second, ficta are truly internally predicated such properties, i.e., they possess such properties in a specific, constitutive, mode. For those properties are members of the property sets with which ficta are somehow correlated; indeed, possession of truly internally predicated properties precisely amounts to set-membership.
Vertical structure of baroclinic instability in a three-layer quasi-geostrophic model over a sloping bottom
Authors: Lobo Matthew , Griffies Stephen M. , Zhang Wenda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We use a three-layer quasi-geostrophic model to study the effects of sloping bottom topography on baroclinic instability in an ocean-like setting. Three layers allow for an interior potential vorticity gradient, a feature that is precluded by the use of a two-layer model. Material conservation of quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity (QG PV) is expressed in terms of sloping background density interfaces, perturbations to the sloping interfaces, and the bottom slope. Linear stability analysis and numerical simulations of initial linear growth are used to demonstrate the dependence of topographic modifications to baroclinically unstable modes on background shear and stratification. Instabilities are classified according to their vertical structure, and the nature of topographic modification to baroclinically unstable modes is shown to correspond to instability type. Surface-intensified vertical shear of the background flow supports surface-intensified baroclinic instability that is less sensitive to bottom topography, compared to uniformly sheared background flow. When background shear is constant or close-to-constant, topography has a leading order effect on the vertical structure of the most baroclinically unstable mode. Upper-ocean stratification changes the lateral and vertical scales of the most unstable mode, with weaker upper-ocean stratification supporting high-wavenumber surface-intensified baroclinically unstable modes that are less sensitive to topography. We also present and assess a novel criterion that predicts the degree of surface-intensification of the fastest-growing baroclinically unstable mode using only prescribed background properties, highlighting the role of interior potential vorticity in setting the most unstable mode’s vertical structure.
Suicidal Ideation and Resilience Among Orphan and Non-orphan Adolescents in the Indian City of Pune
Authors: Basu Tintisha , Dangwal Pragyan , Deokar Mahesh 
Published: February 2025

Background Fostering a healthy upbringing is of utmost importance to an individual and a supportive family system helps them grow holistically. Adolescence is an important stage for an individual to grow and form strong bonds with their peers. Purpose The objective of the current study was to ascertain the level of self-esteem, resilience and suicidal ideation among orphan and non-orphan adolescents. Gender differences in self-esteem, resilience and suicidal ideation were also studied. Method A sample of 160 adolescents (80 orphan and 80 non-orphan adolescents) comprising of equal number of male and female participants in the age group of 15–18 years were included in the study. Data was collected from adolescent orphans and non-orphans going to government schools in the urban sector in Pune, Maharashtra. Results Means, S. Ds, Pearson’s correlation and t-test were calculated: Mean resilience score was found to be significantly ( P = .048) higher among orphans (129.73 + 29.53) as compared to non-orphans (120.39 + 29.70). Mean self-esteem and suicidal ideation did not vary significantly among orphans and non-orphans. The mean self-esteem score was significantly higher ( P = .048) among females (27.61 + 4.09) as compared to males (26.43 + 3.41). There was no significant gender difference in resilience and suicidal ideation scores. The high resilience scores emphasise the need to study ways to enhance well-being among both orphans and non-orphan adolescents to foster a healthy fulfilling upbringing. Conclusion The study goes on to show that a similar upbringing would foster similar results in individuals, irrespective of their backgrounds. Since self-esteem and suicidal ideation are similar among orphans and non-orphans, further research would help identify the various factors that foster self-esteem and resilience among these adolescents and likewise plan interventions in the future.
Review on Exploring Role of Vitamin D on Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanistic Insights and Implications
Authors: Bandaru Nagaraju , Bonthu Mohan Gandhi , Gayatri Alluri Pavani , Metri Shashikala , Kumar Perli Kranti , Addanki Aneesha , Nallapaty Srilaksmi , Priya Karri Swathi , Nadhreddy Dodda Tulase , Gowravi P. N. S. 
Published: February 2025

Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by neuronal loss and progressive cognitive decline. The disease progression is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Recent research highlights the significant role of vitamin D in the pathological progression of AD. Purpose This review aims to comprehensively analyze the interplay between vitamin D and Alzheimer’s disease, focusing on its molecular mechanisms, epidemiological evidence, and therapeutic implications. Methods An extensive literature review was conducted to explore the molecular pathways by which vitamin D affects key pathological processes in AD, including amyloid-beta deposition, oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and tau phosphorylation. Epidemiological studies linking vitamin D status with AD prevalence and clinical outcomes were also analyzed, along with data from research trials investigating the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in AD prevention and management. Results Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased cognitive decline and heightened risk of developing AD. The review highlights the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in mitigating AD progression through its effects on pathological processes. However, challenges and controversies remain regarding the efficacy, optimal dosing regimens, and therapeutic strategies of vitamin D intake. Conclusion This review underscores the role of vitamin D as a modifiable factor and therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease. Further research is required to establish definitive dosing regimens and strategies to optimize the use of vitamin D in preventing and managing this debilitating neurological disorder.
Receipt and Timeliness of Mental Health Assessment, Treatment, and Acute Services Following Foster Care Entry
Authors: Swanson Ann S. , Font Sarah A. 
Published: February 2025

Children often enter foster care (FC) with mental health (MH) concerns. Failure or delay in initiating treatment may result in overreliance on acute MH services. This report leverages 2010–2019 linked administrative child welfare and healthcare claims data for 13,562 Wisconsin children entering FC at ages 3–16 years to describe patterns of MH services during FC and examine how MH service use varies by demographic characteristics and maltreatment, FC, and MH histories. Two-thirds of children received MH assessment or treatment during FC, of whom 61% initiated services within 3 months of entry. Younger age, kinship care, and absence of MH history were negatively associated with onset of assessment and treatment. One in 7 children used acute MH services, with higher rates for Black children, adolescents, and youth in non-family settings. Timely MH assessment and treatment is important for foster children’s wellbeing, but current guidelines may lack accountability and monitoring mechanisms.
Prevalence of Preoperative Anxiety and Associated Factors Among Surgical Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Ethiopia
Authors: Lami Magarsa , Negash Abraham , Dereje Jerman , Hiko Ahmed , Mesfin Sinetibeb , Gebreyesus Arsema , Belama Nano , Ahmed Omer Nesredin , Balis Bikila , Jibro Usmael 
Published: February 2025

Background: Preoperative anxiety is commonly characterized as a feeling of tension, apprehension, nervousness, distressing fear, and emotional discomfort preceding surgery. Different studies across the countries indicated an inconsistent prevalence of preoperative anxiety and its associated factors. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety and associated factors among surgical patients in Ethiopia. Methods: In this study, all observational study designs conducted in Ethiopia were included while studies that did not report our main outcome of interest or did not meet the quality criteria by Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal techniques were excluded. Electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science Core Collection, CAB Abstract, EMBASE, and CINHAL (EBSCO)), Google Scholar, and lists of references were used to search works of literature in Ethiopia. STATA version 17 was used for analysis, and the odds ratios of the outcome variable were determined using the random-effects model. Computing values assessed heterogeneity among the studies for I2 and P-values. Also, sensitivity analysis and funnel plot were done to assess the stability of pooled values to outliers and publication bias respectively. Results: A total of 10 studies were included with a total of 3054 participants. The pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients in Ethiopia was 60% (95% CI: 55-66, P < .001, I2 = 90.00%). The overall prevalence among non-obstetric patients was 59% (95% CI: 53-66) while among obstetric 66% (95% CI: 62-69). Fear of complication (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.41, P = .62, I2 = 0.00%), postoperative pain (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.56, P = .37, I2 = 0.00%), and fear of death (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.53, 3.00, P = .70, I2 = 0.00%) were significantly associated with preoperative anxiety. Conclusion: This study revealed a high pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients in Ethiopia. The findings showed that fear of complication, postoperative pain, and fear of death were significantly associated with preoperative anxiety. This implies that a multidisciplinary approach involving various healthcare professionals is essential to optimize patient care and outcomes by addressing postoperative pain through pain management, counselling on fear of death, and complications to reduce the level of preoperative anxiety.
The Pruritus Mediator Recombinant Mucunain Induced Apoptosis Through Caspase 8 Signaling Pathway in the Skin Epithelial Cells
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wu Fanghui , Yin Yifeng , Song Yunyang , Liu Yanli 
Published: February 2025

Background Mucunain, a cysteine protease extracted from the spicules of cowhage, can induce intense itching as a pruritus mediator independent of histamine. It is well known that erythema, edema and vesicles on skin may occur immediately following contact with Mucunain. A recent study has demonstrated that Mucunain may trigger pruritus and inflammation on the left or right groin of each Maltese–Beagle atopic dog. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of Mucunain on a cocultured skin epithelial cell model in vitro. Methods Functional recombination Mucunain (rtMucunain) were obtained following induction, purification, and renaturation. Human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts were cocultured to construct a cocultured cell model skin epithelium cell model. The growth inhibition was measured using an MTS test. Microscopy was used to observe morphological alterations in cell architecture. The DCFH-DA assay was used to evaluate reactive oxygen species production, the cells death type was identified using a Flow cytometry assay, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and −8 were detected using an ELISA assay. The ability to form an apoptosis network was investigated by a Western blot assay to assess apoptosis-related protein expression. Results Following purification and renaturation, rtMucunain was obtained with a yield of up to 50 mg/L. In the cocultured skin epithelial cells treated with rtMucunain, cell growth was inhibited in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with doses of 2.5 µM or higher resulting in significant cytotoxicity. Morphological analysis revealed increased cell dispersion and abnormal morphology, particularly following prolonged exposure. Levels of reactive oxygen species were elevated, indicating oxidative stress. Flow cytometry and Western-blot data demonstrated that the cells underwent apoptosis, with extrinsic apoptosis pathways (NF-κB and Caspase-8) being activated by rtMucunain. Furthermore, treatment with rtMucunain markedly enhanced levels of IL-6 and IL-8, suggesting a robust pro-inflammatory response. Conclusion rtMucunain showed a strong inflammation and apoptosis effect in a cocultured skin epithelium cell model. This effect may be due to the activated Caspase 8 signaling pathway, on which NF-κB might play an important role. It was the first time to clarify the cytotoxic effect of rtMucunain on the skin epithelial cell model, and the comprehensive understanding the damaged mechanisms of rtMucunain on normal skin cells can provide a data basis for the skin irritated experiment of rtMucunain and its analogues.
Harnessing amino acid pathways to influence myeloid cell function in tumor immunity
Authors: Pan Jiongli , Lin Yi , Liu Xinyuan , Zhang Xiaozhen , Liang Tingbo , Bai Xueli 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Amino acids are pivotal regulators of immune cell metabolism, signaling pathways, and gene expression. In myeloid cells, these processes underlie their functional plasticity, enabling shifts between pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, pro-tumor, and anti-tumor activities. Within the tumor microenvironment, amino acid metabolism plays a crucial role in mediating the immunosuppressive functions of myeloid cells, contributing to tumor progression. This review delves into the mechanisms by which specific amino acids—glutamine, serine, arginine, and tryptophan—regulate myeloid cell function and polarization. Furthermore, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting amino acid metabolism to enhance anti-tumor immunity, offering insights into novel strategies for cancer treatment.
A combined comfort and safety-based approach to assess the performance of advanced driver assistance functions
Authors: Gulino Michelangelo-Santo , Vichi Giulio , Cecchetto Federica , Di Lillo Luigi , Vangi Dario 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) play a fundamental role in improving the driving experience by enhancing both comfort and safety. Currently, there is a lack of objective methods to quantify ADAS performance comprehensively, especially in different emergency conditions such as avoidable and inevitable collision states.
This study introduces a framework for evaluating ADAS performance in any condition of potential interaction between two or more vehicles. For impacts that are avoidable by the system’s intervention, assessments are based on comfort using vehicle acceleration (ISO 2631) and safety considering the minimum distance achieved between vehicles (clearance). In cases where the impact is inevitable, the performance indicator focuses on the injury risk for vehicle occupants associated with the collision and resulting from the ADAS intervention. To illustrate the application of this methodology, two case studies are presented, involving vehicles equipped and not equipped with ADAS. These cases respectively represent a real impact extracted from an in-depth accident database and a consumer program test for an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) function.
By analyzing the behavior of autonomous steering and braking functions in a simulation environment as ADAS parameters are varied (i.e., the time between consecutive scans of the scenario by sensors and the time for full actuation of drive-by-wire systems), it becomes possible to compare performances of different types of intervention logic. This approach not only facilitates the identification of the performance of potentially available ADAS functions (as ACC) but also helps in highlighting the best logic applicable in a specific conflict. The retrieved information has the potential to indicate margins for improvement of ADAS already on the market, and simultaneously guide the development of next-generation ADAS with an increasing focus on autonomous driving and enhanced user technology acceptance.
CellMAP: an open-source software tool to batch-process cell topography and stiffness maps collected with an atomic force microscope
Authors: Allard Antoine , Liboz Maxime , Crépin Raphaël , Labdi Sid , Maciejak Olek , Malo Michel , Campillo Clément , Lamour Guillaume 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the gold-standard technique to simultaneously map the morphology and viscoelastic properties of living cells. Although existing software tools, both open-source and from AFM manufacturers, can analyze cells individually, there is a growing need for fast and accessible codes to compile data from multiple cells into a single dataset. To address this, we present CellMAP, a user-friendly software tool that streamlines the batch-processing of AFM-derived topography and stiffness maps of living cells. Our analysis pipeline includes but is not limited to: flattening of the underlying substrate surface, filtering of outlier values, measurement of the cell surface and volume, and measurement of height and stiffness distributions. CellMAP can also generate a composite cell that reflects the height and stiffness properties of an entire cell population.