bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported effects of hospital-wide implementation of shared decision-making at a university medical centre in Germany: a pre–post trial
Authors: Scheibler Fülöp , Geiger Friedemann , Wehkamp Kai , Danner Marion , Debrouwere Marie , Stolz-Klingenberg Constanze , Schuldt-Joswig Anja , Sommer Christina Gesine , Kopeleva Olga , Bünzen Claudia , Wagner-Ullrich Christine , Koch Gerhard , Coors Marie , Wehking Felix , Clayman Marla , Weymayr Christian , Sundmacher Leonie , Rüffer Jens Ulrich 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the SHARE TO CARE (S2C) programme, a complex intervention designed for hospital-wide implementation of shared decision-making (SDM).DesignPre–post study.SettingUniversity Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel Campus.ParticipantsHealthcare professionals as well as inpatients and outpatients from 22 departments of the Kiel Campus of UKSH.InterventionsThe S2C programme is a comprehensive implementation strategy including four core modules: (1) physician training, (2) SDM support training for and support by nurses as decision coaches, (3) patient activation and (4) evidence-based patient decision aid development and integration into patient pathways. After full implementation, departments received the S2C certificate.Main outcome measuresIn this paper, we report on the feasibility and effectiveness outcomes of the implementation. Feasibility was judged by the degree of implementation of the four modules of the programme. Outcome measures for effectiveness are patient-reported experience measures (PREMs). The primary outcome measure for effectiveness is the Patient Decision Making subscale of the Perceived Involvement in Care Scale (PICSPDM). Pre–post comparisons were done using t-tests.ResultsThe implementation of the four components of the S2C programme was able to be completed in 18 of the 22 included departments within the time frame of the study. After completion of implementation, PICSPDMshowed a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) between the means compared with baseline. This difference corresponds to a small to medium yet clinically meaningful positive effect (Hedges’ g=0.2). Consistent with this, the secondary PREMs (Preparation for Decision Making and collaboRATE) also showed statistically significant, clinically meaningful positive effects.ConclusionsThe hospital-wide implementation of SDM with the S2C-programme proved to be feasible and effective within the time frame of the project. The German Federal Joint Committee has recommended to make the Kiel model of SDM a national standard of care.
Association of macular pigment optical density with retinal layer thicknesses in eyes with and without manifest primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Lawler Thomas , Mares J A , Liu Zhe , Thuruthumaly Catherine , Etheridge Tyler , Vajaranant Thasarat S , Domalpally Amitha , Hammond Billy R , Wallace Robert B , Tinker Lesley F , Nalbandyan Marine , Klein Barbara E K , Liu Yao 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate associations between baseline macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and retinal layer thicknesses in eyes with and without manifest primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (CAREDS2).Methods and analysisMPOD was measured at CAREDS baseline (2001–2004) via heterochromatic flicker photometry (0.5° from foveal centre). Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), macular ganglion cell complex (GCC), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and RNFL thicknesses were measured at CAREDS2 (2016–2019) via spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Associations between MPOD and retinal thickness were assessed using multivariable linear regression.ResultsAmong 742 eyes (379 participants), manifest POAG was identified in 50 eyes (32 participants). In eyes without manifest POAG, MPOD was positively associated with macular GCC, GCL and IPL thicknesses in the central subfield (P-trend ≤0.01), but not the inner or outer subfields. Among eyes with manifest POAG, MPOD was positively associated with macular GCC, GCL, IPL and RNFL in the central subfield (P-trend ≤0.03), but not the inner or outer subfields, and was positively associated with peripapillary RNFL thickness in the superior and temporal quadrants (P-trend≤0.006).ConclusionWe observed a positive association between MPOD and central subfield GCC thickness 15 years later. MPOD was positively associated with peripapillary RNFL superior and temporal quadrant thicknesses among eyes with manifest POAG. Our results linking low MPOD to retinal layers that are structural indicators of early glaucoma provide further evidence that carotenoids may be protective against manifest POAG.
Maxwell equations in curved spacetime
Authors: Hwang Jai-chan , Noh Hyerim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn curved spacetime, Maxwell’s equations can be expressed in forms valid in Minkowski background, with the effect of the metric (gravity) appearing as effective polarizations and magnetizations. The electric and magnetic (EM) fields depend on the observer’s frame four-vector. We derive Maxwell’s equations valid in general curved spacetime using the fields defined in the normal frame, the coordinate frame, and two other non-covariant methods used in the literature. By analyzing the case in the generic frame we show that the EM fields, as well as the charge and current densities, defined in non-covariant ways do not correspond to physical ones measured by an observer. We show that modification of the homogeneous part is inevitable to any observer, and such a modification is difficult to interpret as the effective medium property. The normal frame is the relevant one to use as it gives the EM fields measured by an Eulerian observer.
Hybrid Organic-Inorganic ZnO/PCBM Electron Transport Layer with Organic Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cell Materials CH3NH3PbIX2, X is Cl or I
Authors: Alaiawi Ali Anyam Luaibi , Bülbül Mehmet Mahir , Jafar Aqel Mashot 
Published: October 2023

An experimental investigation has been undertaken to explore a variety of properties of organic perovskite solar cells (OPSCs) that are distinct in their photovoltaic response. In this study, OPSCs were constructed using zinc oxide, ZnO and [6,6]-phenylC[Formula: see text]-acid methyl ester, PCBM, as electron transfer materials (ETM), poly(3-hexylthiophene), P3HT, as hole transport material (HTM), and CH3NH3PbIX2 as a photosensitizer, where X is either Cl or I. The structural and optical characteristics of the ETM and HTM layers and the perovskite materials of OPSCs were investigated. The [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] curves of each solar cell prepared in OPSCs were measured using an integrated cell tester. This comprises a photovoltaic [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] measurement system and a solar simulation system. As a result of these results, the OPSC’s performance is evaluated. The calculations in this work suggest that the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE = 6.31%) was achieved in photovoltaic devices using CH3NH3PbI3 as the effective absorber layer and ZnO with PCBM as the ETM layer. At a light intensity of 100 mW/cm2, each OPSC cell was performed. Under the same conditions, the [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] curves were evaluated for each OPSC device. By improving the selection of organic and inorganic active materials in the ETM layer, OPSC performance may be improved.
Bachmann’s Bundle Modification in Addition to Circumferential Pulmonary Vein Isolation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Novel Ablation Strategy
Authors: Sun Jiaqi , Chen Sanbao , Liang Ming , Zhang Qi , Zhang Ping , Sun Mingyu , Ding Jian , Jin Zhiqing , Han Yaling , Wang Zulu 
Published: October 2023

Background. Bachmann’s bundle (BB) is the main pathway of interatrial connection that could be involved in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Based on this hypothesis, we raised a novel ablation strategy, BB modification in addition to circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI-BB) in patients with AF. Methods. A retrospective cohort of patients with AF who underwent CPVI-BB or CPVI alone from March 2018 to July 2021 was enrolled in our study. Propensity score matching was performed in patients with paroxysmal AF and persistent AF, respectively, to reduce the risk of selection bias between the treatment strategies (CPVI-BB or CPVI alone). The primary endpoint was overall freedom from atrial arrhythmia recurrence through 12 months of follow-up. Results. Our propensity score-matched cohort included 82 patients with paroxysmal AF (CPVI group: n = 41; CPVI-BB group: n = 41) and 168 patients with persistent AF (CPVI group: n = 84; CPVI-BB group: n = 84). Among patients with persistent AF, one-year freedom from atrial arrhythmia recurrence rate was 83.3% in the CPVI-BB group and 70.2% in the CPVI group (log-rank

P

= 0.047). Among patients with paroxysmal AF, no significant difference was found in the primary endpoint between two groups (85.4% in the CPVI-BB group vs. 80.5% in the CPVI group; log-rank

P

= 0.581). In addition, procedure-related complications and recurrence of atrial tachycardia or atrial flutter were similar between the two treatment groups, regardless of the type of AF. Conclusions. BB modification in addition to CPVI is an effective approach in increasing the maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with persistent AF, while it does not improve the clinical outcomes of radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal AF.
HSF1 Inhibits Antitumor Immune Activity in Breast Cancer by Suppressing CCL5 to Block CD8+ T-cell Recruitment
Authors: Jacobs Curteisha , Shah Sakhi , Lu Wen-Cheng , Ray Haimanti , Wang John , Hockaden Natasha , Sandusky George , Nephew Kenneth P. , Lu Xin , Cao Sha , Carpenter Richard L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHeat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a stress-responsive transcription factor that promotes cancer cell malignancy. To provide a better understanding of the biological processes regulated by HSF1, here we developed an HSF1 activity signature (HAS) and found that it was negatively associated with antitumor immune cells in breast tumors. Knockdown of HSF1 decreased breast tumor size and caused an influx of several antitumor immune cells, most notably CD8+ T cells. Depletion of CD8+ T cells rescued the reduction in growth of HSF1-deficient tumors, suggesting HSF1 prevents CD8+ T-cell influx to avoid immune-mediated tumor killing. HSF1 suppressed expression of CCL5, a chemokine for CD8+ T cells, and upregulation of CCL5 upon HSF1 loss significantly contributed to the recruitment of CD8+ T cells. These findings indicate that HSF1 suppresses antitumor immune activity by reducing CCL5 to limit CD8+ T-cell homing to breast tumors and prevent immune-mediated destruction, which has implications for the lack of success of immune modulatory therapies in breast cancer.Significance:The stress-responsive transcription factor HSF1 reduces CD8+ T-cell infiltration in breast tumors to prevent immune-mediated killing, indicating that cellular stress responses affect tumor-immune interactions and that targeting HSF1 could improve immunotherapies.
PHF6-altered T-ALL Harbor Epigenetic Repressive Switch at Bivalent Promoters and Respond to 5-Azacitidine and Venetoclax
Authors: Pinton Antoine , Courtois Lucien , Doublet Charlotte , Cabannes-Hamy Aurélie , Andrieu Guillaume , Smith Charlotte , Balducci Estelle , Cieslak Agata , Touzart Aurore , Simonin Mathieu , Lhéritier Véronique , Huguet Françoise , Balsat Marie , Dombret Hervé , Rousselot Philippe , Spicuglia Salvatore , Macintyre Elizabeth , Boissel Nicolas , Asnafi Vahid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess the impact of PHF6 alterations on clinical outcome and therapeutical actionability in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL).

Experimental Design:
We described PHF6 alterations in an adult cohort of T-ALL from the French trial Group for Research on Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (GRAALL)-2003/2005 and retrospectively analyzed clinical outcomes between PHF6-altered (PHF6ALT) and wild-type patients. We also used EPIC and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data of patient samples to analyze the epigenetic landscape of PHF6ALT T-ALLs. We consecutively evaluated 5-azacitidine efficacy, alone or combined with venetoclax, in PHF6ALT T-ALL.

Results:
We show that PHF6 alterations account for 47% of cases in our cohort and demonstrate that PHF6ALT T-ALL presented significantly better clinical outcomes. Integrative analysis of DNA methylation and histone marks shows that PHF6ALT are characterized by DNA hypermethylation and H3K27me3 loss at promoters physiologically bivalent in thymocytes. Using patient-derived xenografts, we show that PHF6ALT T-ALL respond to the 5-azacytidine alone. Finally, synergism with the BCL2-inhibitor venetoclax was demonstrated in refractory/relapsing (R/R) PHF6ALT T-ALL using fresh samples. Importantly, we report three cases of R/R PHF6ALT patients who were successfully treated with this combination.

Conclusions:
Overall, our study supports the use of PHF6 alterations as a biomarker of sensitivity to 5-azacytidine and venetoclax combination in R/R T-ALL.
MDM2 Regulation of HIF Signaling Causes Microvascular Dysfunction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Shridhar Puneeth , Glennon Michael S. , Pal Soumojit , Waldron Christina J. , Chetkof Ethan J. , Basak Payel , Clavere Nicolas G. , Banerjee Dipanjan , Gingras Sebastien , Becker Jason R. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Microvasculature dysfunction is a common finding in pathologic remodeling of the heart and is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a disease caused by sarcomere gene mutations. We hypothesized that microvascular dysfunction in HCM was secondary to abnormal microvascular growth and could occur independent of ventricular hypertrophy.

METHODS:

We used multimodality imaging methods to track the temporality of microvascular dysfunction in HCM mouse models harboring mutations in the sarcomere genes
Mybpc3
(cardiac myosin binding protein C3) or
Myh6
(myosin heavy chain 6). We performed complementary molecular methods to assess protein quantity, interactions, and post-translational modifications to identify mechanisms regulating this response. We manipulated select molecular pathways in vivo using both genetic and pharmacological methods to validate these mechanisms.

RESULTS:
We found that microvascular dysfunction in our HCM models occurred secondary to reduced myocardial capillary growth during the early postnatal time period and could occur before the onset of myocardial hypertrophy. We discovered that the E3 ubiquitin protein ligase MDM2 (murine double minute 2) dynamically regulates the protein stability of both HIF1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha) and HIF2α (hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha)/EPAS1 (endothelial PAS domain protein 1) through canonical and noncanonical mechanisms. The resulting HIF imbalance leads to reduced proangiogenic gene expression during a key period of myocardial capillary growth. Reducing MDM2 protein levels by genetic or pharmacological methods normalized HIF protein levels and prevented the development of microvascular dysfunction in both HCM models.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results show that sarcomere mutations induce cardiomyocyte MDM2 signaling during the earliest stages of disease, and this leads to long-term changes in the myocardial microenvironment.
Upregulated Cytoskeletal Proteins Promote Pathological Angiogenesis in Moyamoya Disease
Authors: He Shihao , Zhang Junze , Liu Ziqi , Wang Yanru , Hao Xiaokuan , Wang Xilong , Zhou Zhenyu , Ye Xun , Zhao Yahui , Zhao Yuanli , Wang Rong 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare progressive vascular disease that leads to intracranial internal carotid artery stenosis and eventual occlusion. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of abnormally expressed proteins in the pathogenesis of MMD.

METHODS:
Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry identifies the differentially expressed proteins in MMD serum by detecting the serum from 60 patients with MMD and 20 health controls. The differentially expressed proteins were validated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Immunofluorescence for superficial temporal artery and middle cerebral artery specimens was used to explore the morphological changes of vascular wall in MMD. In vitro experiments were used to explore the changes and mechanisms of differentially expressed proteins on endothelial cells.

RESULTS:

Proteomic analysis showed that a total of 14 726 peptides and 1555 proteins were quantified by mass spectrometry data. FLNA (filamin A) and ZYX (zyxin) proteins were significantly higher in MMD serum compared with those in health controls (Log
2
FC >2.9 and >2.8, respectively). Immunofluorescence revealed an intimal hyperplasia in superficial temporal artery and middle cerebral artery specimens of MMD. FLNA and ZYX proteins increased the proportion of endothelial cells in S phase and promoted their proliferation, angiogenesis, and cytoskeleton enlargement. Mechanistic studies revealed that AKT (serine/threonine kinase)/GSK-3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3β)/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a major role in these FLNA- and ZYX-induced changes in endothelial cells.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study provides proteomic data on a large sample size of MMD. The differential expression of FLNA and ZYX in patient with MMD and following in vitro experiments suggest that these upregulated proteins are related to the pathology of cerebrovascular intimal hyperplasia in MMD and are involved in MMD pathogenesis, with diagnostic and therapeutic ramifications.
Probabilistic models and contingency tables for studying potential species interactions between two intertidal decapods in the north of Chile (Cifuncho, 25°S, Antofagasta region, Chile)
Authors: De los Ríos-Escalante Patricio R. , Wilson Rodolfo , Ghory Farhana S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The northern Chilean coast is characterized by its high productivity and diversity due to the presence of the cold, nutrient-rich water of the Humboldt Current. In this scenario, the rocky shore provides many microhabitats for invertebrates such as crustaceans. The aim of the present study was to analyse potential species interactions using probabilistic models and contingency tables. In this particular case we analysed the potential interactions between two sympatric intertidal decapods, Cyclograpsus cinereus and Petrolisthes granulosus, on the rocky shores of Cifuncho Bay, an isolated bay in the north of Chile. The results revealed that both species had a uniform pattern, that was adjusted to a binomial distribution for C. cinereus, and a Poisson distribution for P. granulosus. These results are probably due to territorial behaviour, and this was corroborated by the results of the contingency table, which denoted the independence of both species. These results would not coincide with classical observations of intertidal decapods on rocky shores of continental Chile, as those denoted a gregarious pattern. However, on the other hand, the present results do not explain any details about potential interactions between the two species here analysed.
Pyrrho and Vagueness: A Fregean Analysis
Authors: Güremen Refik 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pyrrho of Elis advises us not to trust our sensations and opinions, but instead to be without opinions about individual things. He suggests that such a state is to be achieved by saying, concerning each individual thing, that it is “no more” a certain way than it is not. This paper argues that the current metaphysical reading of Pyrrho’s views falls short of explaining why we should not trust our sensations and opinions; in addition, it does not explain how to achieve the state of being “without opinions” about individual things. It is argued that a Fregean analysis of Pyrrho’s views can provide satisfactory answers to both questions. The purpose of the paper, however, is to refine, rather than rebut, the metaphysical reading.
Medical Assistance in Dying for Mental Illness as a Sole Underlying Medical Condition and Its Relationship to Suicide: A Qualitative Lived Experience-Engaged Study: Aide Médicale à Mourir Pour Maladie Mentale Comme Seule Condition Médicale Sous-Jacente et Son Lien Avec le Suicide: Une Etude Qualitative Engagée Dans l’Expérience Vécue
Authors: Hawke Lisa D. , Bastidas-Bilbao Hamer , Cappe Vivien , van Kesteren Mary Rose , Stewart Donna E. , Gupta Mona , Simpson Alexander I. F. , Campbell Bartholemew H. , Castle David , Stergiopoulos Vicky ,   the MAiD Study Team at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Published: October 2023

Objective This lived experience-engaged study aims to understand patient and family perspectives on the relationship between suicidality and medical assistance in dying when the sole underlying medical condition is mental illness (MAiD MI-SUMC). Method Thirty individuals with mental illness (age M = 41.8 years, SD = 14.2) and 25 family members (age M = 47.5 years, SD = 16.0) participated in qualitative interviews examining perspectives on MAiD MI-SUMC and its relationship with suicide. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. People with lived experience were engaged in the research process as team members. Results Four main themes were developed, which were consistent across individuals with mental illness and family members: (a) deciding to die is an individual choice to end the ongoing intolerable suffering of people with mental illness; (b) MAiD MI-SUMC is the same as suicide because the end result is death, although suicide can be more impulsive; (c) MAiD MI-SUMC is a humane, dignified, safe, nonstigmatized alternative to suicide; and (4) suicidality should be considered when MAiD MI-SUMC is requested, but suicidality's role is multifaceted given its diverse manifestations. Conclusion For patient-oriented mental health policy and treatment, it is critical that the voices of people with lived experience be heard on the issue of MAiD MI-SUMC. Given the important intersections between MAiD MI-SUMC and suicidality and the context of suicide prevention, the role that suicidality should play in MAiD MI-SUMC is multifaceted. Future research and policy development are required to ensure that patient and family perspectives guide the development and implementation of MAiD MI-SUMC policy and practice.
Cost Utility Analysis of an After-School Sports Sampling Program
Authors: Lightner Joseph S. , Valleroy Ella , Todd Reagan , Eighmy Katlyn E. , Grimes Amanda 
Published: October 2023

Purpose The purposes of this study are to describe the costs of implementing an after-school physical activity intervention in three diverse, low-resourced, schools and to understand the potential aerobic impact of this program by cost. Design We conducted a cost utilization study from an 8.5-month physical activity intervention. Setting Three diverse, low-resourced, middle schools in the Midwest; The sample (N = 178) were mostly males (52.2%), African American or Black (54.8%), and divided between 6th, 7th, and 8th grades. Method Costs were collected from contracts, invoices, payroll, and receipts. Metabolic equivalents were collected from past literature. Costs/MET-hour were calculated for the schools and entire program by dividing costs by total MET-hours engaged in physical activity. Results Costs were $2.51/MET-hour, $8.96/MET-hour, and $10.73/MET-hour for the three schools. On average, the intervention had a cost of $4.73/MET-hour. Conclusions Cost/MET-hour for the present study is comparable or lower than other school-based physical activity interventions that require additional staff time and programming outside of standard classroom activities. Scale-up of after-school programs may be one way to improve the costs of programs in both schools and districts.