bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of chronic kidney disease patient with rapid deterioration of renal function, hair loss, and spontaneous resolution of facial warts after COVID‐19 infection
Authors: Wu Qishun , Gao Fei , Zhang Tao , Zhang Shixi , Bai Yun , Zhu Bei , Guo Lulu , Yong Zhenzhu , Zhao Weihong , Pei Xiaohua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with pre‐existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk of experiencing severe symptoms if infected with COVID‐19. This report presents the case of a patient with CKD who contracted COVID‐19 and subsequently experienced rapid deterioration of kidney function, hair loss, and spontaneous remission of facial warts.Case presentationA 60‐year‐old Chinese man with a decade‐long history of abnormal serum creatinine (Scr) levels and recently heightened fatigue sought treatment. The disease was previously managed and deemed resolved in 2020. However, when he contracted the novel coronavirus on December 20, 2022, he experienced persistent fatigue without other symptoms. In early January 2023, Scr levels was examined as more than 300 μmol/L. This was followed by hair loss, including eyebrows and lashes, and the spontaneous resolution of a longstanding facial wart. During this period, although the patient received kidney‐protecting drugs and a lifestyle optimization, Scr increased continuously and the disease eventually progressed to the uremic stage. As the patient still had relatively abundant urine volume, the patient chose peritoneal dialysis treatment. At a two‐month follow‐up, he had adhered to the CAPD protocol without complications and his hair had begun to regrow. After eight months, his hair had mostly regrown, and his Scr levels kept stable.ConclusionThis case may represent the inaugural instance of CKD patients experiencing rapid deterioration of renal function, hair loss, and spontaneous remission of common warts. The underlying mechanisms of this unique phenomenon warrant further researches and debate.
Total Synthesis of Ganoderma Meroterpenoids – Progresses since 2014
Authors: Kawamoto Yuichiro , Ito Hisanaka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMeroterpenoids isolated from fungi of the Ganoderma family have received much attention owing to their unique structures and diverse biological activities. A number of Ganoderma meroterpenoids have been isolated since 2000 and many total syntheses and synthetic studies have since been reported. In this review, we highlight fifteen total syntheses conducted from 2014 to 2023 of polycyclic Ganoderma meroterpenoids classified according to the connection pattern of the dihydroquinone with the terpenoid structure. The selected studies illustrate how the molecular complexity was constructed by unique tactics.
CO‐induzierte Dimer‐Dissoziation verursacht Gem‐Dicarbonyl‐Bildung auf einem Einzelatom‐Katalysator‐Modell
Authors: Wang Chunlei , Sombut Panukorn , Puntscher Lena , Jakub Zdenek , Meier Matthias , Pavelec Jiri , Bliem Roland , Schmid Michael , Diebold Ulrike , Franchini Cesare , Parkinson Gareth S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDie Fähigkeit, mehrere Reaktanten an derselben aktiven Stelle zu koordinieren ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die breite Anwendbarkeit der Einzelatom‐Katalyse. Modellkatalysatoren sind ideal, um den Zusammenhang zwischen der Geometrie der aktiven Stelle und der Bindung der Reaktanten zu untersuchen, da die Struktur der Einkristalloberflächen genau bestimmt werden kann. Die Adsorbate können mit Hilfe der Rastertunnelmikroskopie (STM) abgebildet werden; dadurch sind direkte Vergleiche mit der Dichtefunktionaltheorie möglich. In dieser Studie verfolgen wir mit Hilfe von STM‐Bildsequenzen einzelne Rh1‐Adatome und Rh2‐Dimere auf Fe3O4(001), während CO bei Raumtemperatur dosiert wird. Die CO‐Adsorption auf Rh1‐Adatomen führt ausschließlich zu stabilen Rh1CO‐Monocarbonylen, bei denen das Rh‐Atom die bevorzugte pseudo‐quadratisch planare Koordination erzielt. In geringem Maß bilden sich auch Rh1(CO)2 Gem‐Dicarbonyl‐Adsorbate; diese entstehen jedoch ausschließlich durch das Aufbrechen von Rh2 Dimeren; der Reaktionsweg führt über ein instabiles Rh2(CO)3 Zwischenprodukt. Unsere Ergebnisse veranschaulichen, wie Minderheitenspezies, die für (über die Probenfläche mittelnde) Spektroskopie‐Methoden unsichtbar sind, eine wichtige Rolle in katalytischen Systemen spielen können, und zeigen, dass die Zersetzung von Dimeren oder kleinen Clustern ein Weg sein kann, um reaktive, metastabile Konfigurationen in der Einzelatom‐Katalyse zu erzeugen.
Multifold Post‐Modification of Macrocycles and Cages by Isocyanate‐Induced Azadefluorination Cyclisation
Authors: Pausch Tobias , David Tim , Fleck‐Kunde Tom , Pols Hendrik , Gurke Johannes , Schmidt Bernd M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present the multiple post‐modification of organic macrocycles and cages, introducing functional groups into two‐ and three‐dimensional supramolecular scaffolds bearing fluorine substituents, which opens up new possibilities in multi‐step supramolecular chemistry employing the vast chemical space of readily available isocyanates. The mechanism and scope of the reaction that proceeds after isocyanate addition to the benzylamine motif via an azadefluorination cyclisation (ADFC) were investigated using DFT calculations, and a series of aromatic isocyanates with different electronic properties were tested. The compounds show excellent chemical stability and were fully characterised. They can be used for subsequent cross‐coupling reactions, and ADFC can be used directly to generate cross‐linked membranes from macrocycles or cages when using ditopic isocyanates. Single‐crystal X‐ray (SC‐XRD) analysis shows the proof of the formation of the desired supramolecular entity together with the connectivity predicted by calculations and from 19F NMR shifts, allowing the late‐stage functionalisation of self‐assembled macrocycles and cages by ADFC.
Patient experience of bladder cancer: A data linkage study
Authors: Shah Snehadhar , Ince Jonathan , Kockelbergh Roger 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionBladder cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and can be managed with a range of approaches, including conservative, medical and surgical therapies. Treatment may be associated with considerable morbidity, but despite this, little data exist to reflect patients' subsequent experience. This study aims to evaluate patients' experiences of bladder cancer care by linking data from a national cancer experience survey with data routinely collected from National Health Service (NHS) sources. This study considers patient perspectives and makes recommendations to improve the patient experience of bladder cancer care.MethodsAnonymised data from the National Cancer Patient Experience Survey (NCPES) for patients who had received care for bladder cancer were collated and linked with demographic and treatment data. Questions from the NCPES were then categorised into different themes based on their content. This study focused on themes relating to lifestyle, activities of daily living (ADL), symptoms, psychological impact and body perception. Statistical analyses were used to investigate the relationship between patient reported experience, demographics and type of care received.ResultsNCPES data from 673 patients (487 male, 29 undisclosed) with at least T1 bladder cancer were analysed. Statistically significant differences were identified across the five investigated patient experience themes. No significant difference was seen in patient reported experience between bladder cancer drug treatments (such as intravesical BCG vs. intravesical chemotherapy vs. systemic chemotherapy) and radiotherapy types (curative vs. palliative). Patients treated with cystectomy had significantly worse experiences relating to body image and ADL but not when compared with patients treated with radical radiotherapy. Patients with long‐term health conditions reported worse experiences for all five themes compared with those without.ConclusionThe literature surrounding the experience of patients with bladder cancer is limited. This data linkage study demonstrates the impact of bladder cancer care on five patient experience themes, including the effect of different treatment types and the presence of long‐term health conditions. While limited by sample size and data comprehensiveness, this study aims to inform clinicians and service providers of factors affecting patient experience of bladder cancer care, to stimulate service review and development.
Divergent Electrochemical Synthesis of Indoles through pKa Regulation of Amides: Synthetic and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Mallick Samrat , Mandal Tanumoy , Kumari Nidhi , Roy Lisa , De Sarkar Suman 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA divergent synthetic approach to access highly substituted indole scaffolds is illustrated. By virtue of a tunable electrochemical strategy, distinct control over the C‐3 substitution pattern was achieved by employing two analogous 2‐styrylaniline precursors. The chemoselectivity is governed by the fine‐tuning of the acidity of the amide proton, relying on the appropriate selection of N‐protecting groups, and assisted by the reactivity of the electrogenerated intermediates. Detailed mechanistic investigations based on cyclic voltametric experiments and computational studies revealed the crucial role of water additive, which assists the proton‐coupled electron transfer event for highly acidic amide precursors, followed by an energetically favorable intramolecular C−N coupling, causing exclusive fabrication of the C‐3 unsubstituted indoles. Alternatively, the implementation of an electrogenerated cationic olefin activator delivers the C‐3 substituted indoles through the preferential nucleophilic nature of the N‐acyl amides. This electrochemical approach of judicious selection of N‐protecting groups to regulate pKa/E° provides an expansion in the domain of switchable generation of heterocyclic derivatives in a sustainable fashion, with high regio‐ and chemoselectivity.
Mechanochemical C−H Arylation and Alkylation of Indoles Using 3 d Transition Metal and Zero‐Valent Magnesium
Authors: Wu Chongyang , Lv Jin , Fan Hangqian , Su Weike , Cai Xinjun , Yu Jingbo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough the 3 d transition‐metal catalyzed C−H functionalization have been extensively employed to promote the formation of valuable carbon‐carbon bonds, the persistent problems, including the use of sensitive Grignard reagents and the rigorous operations (solvent‐drying, inert gas protection, metal pre‐activation and RMgX addition rate control), still leave great room for further development of sustainable methodologies. Herein, we report a mechanochemical technology toward in‐situ preparation of highly sensitive organomagnesium reagents, and thus building two general 3 d transition‐metal catalytic platforms that enables regioselective arylation and alkylation of indoles with a wide variety of halides (including those containing post transformable functionalities and heteroaromatic rings). This mechanochemical strategy also brings unique reactivity and high step‐economy in producing functionalized N‐free indole products.
Acute hospitalizations after proton therapy versus intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer in the durvalumab era
Authors: Iocolano Michelle , Yegya‐Raman Nikhil , Friedes Cole , Wang Xingmei , Kegelman Timothy , Lee Sang Ho , Duan Lian , Li Bolin , Levin William P. , Cengel Keith A. , Konski Andre , Langer Corey J. , Cohen Roger B. , Sun Lova , Aggarwal Charu , Doucette Abigail , Xiao Ying , Kevin Teo Boon‐Keng , O’Reilly Shannon , Zou Wei , Bradley Jeffrey D. , Simone Charles B. , Feigenberg Steven J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionIt was hypothesized that use of proton beam therapy (PBT) in patients with locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiation and consolidative immune checkpoint inhibition is associated with fewer unplanned hospitalizations compared with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).MethodsPatients with locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer treated between October 2017 and December 2021 with concurrent chemoradiation with either IMRT or PBT ± consolidative immune checkpoint inhibition were retrospectively identified. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of radiation therapy technique with 90‐day hospitalization and grade 3 (G3+) lymphopenia. Competing risk regression was used to compare G3+ pneumonitis, G3+ esophagitis, and G3+ cardiac events. Kaplan–Meier method was used for progression‐free survival and overall survival. Inverse probability treatment weighting was applied to adjust for differences in PBT and IMRT groups.ResultsOf 316 patients, 117 (37%) received PBT and 199 (63%) received IMRT. The PBT group was older (p < .001) and had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores (p = .02). The PBT group received a lower mean heart dose (p < .0001), left anterior descending artery V15 Gy (p = .001), mean lung dose (p = .008), and effective dose to immune circulating cells (p < .001). On inverse probability treatment weighting analysis, PBT was associated with fewer unplanned hospitalizations (adjusted odds ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.38–0.81; p = .002) and less G3+ lymphopenia (adjusted odds ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.37–0.81; p = .003). There was no difference in other G3+ toxicities, progression‐free survival, or overall survival.ConclusionsPBT is associated with fewer unplanned hospitalizations, lower effective dose to immune circulating cells and less G3+ lymphopenia compared with IMRT. Minimizing dose to lymphocytes may be warranted, but prospective data are needed.
The impact of poor fetal growth and chronic hyperpalatable diet exposure in adulthood on hippocampal function and feeding patterns in male rats
Authors: Mucellini Amanda Brondani , Laureano Daniela Pereira , Alves Márcio Bonesso , Dalle Molle Roberta , Borges Mariana Balbinot , Salvador Ana Paula da Ascenção , Pokhvisneva Irina , Manfro Gisele Gus , Silveira Patrícia Pelufo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPoor fetal growth affects eating behavior and the mesocorticolimbic system; however, its influence on the hippocampus has been less explored. Brain insulin sensitivity has been linked to developmental plasticity in response to fetal adversity and to cognitive performance following high‐fat diet intake. We investigated whether poor fetal growth and exposure to chronic hyperpalatable food in adulthood could influence the recognition of environmental and food cues, eating behavior patterns, and hippocampal insulin signaling. At 60 days of life, we assigned male offspring from a prenatal animal model of 50% food restriction (FR) to receive either a high‐fat and ‐sugar (HFS) diet or standard chow (CON) diet. Behavioral tests were conducted at 140 days, then tissues were collected. HFS groups showed a diminished hippocampal pAkt/Akt ratio. FR‐CON and FR‐HFS groups had higher levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, compared to control groups. FR groups showed increased exploration of a novel hyperpalatable food, independent of their diet, and HFS groups exhibited overall lower entropy (less random, more predictable eating behavior) when the environment changed. Poor fetal growth and chronic HFS diet in adulthood altered hippocampal insulin signaling and eating patterns, diminishing the flexibility associated with eating behavior in response to extrinsic changes in food availability in the environment.
Are fecal samples an appropriate proxy for amphibian intestinal microbiota?
Authors: Lam Ivan P. Y. , Fong Jonathan J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe intestinal microbiota, an invisible organ supporting a host's survival, has essential roles in metabolism, immunity, growth, and development. Since intestinal microbiota influences a host's biology, application of such data to wildlife conservation has gained interest. There are standard protocols for studying the human intestinal microbiota, but no equivalent for wildlife. A major challenge is sampling the intestinal microbiota in an effective, unbiased way. Fecal samples are a popular proxy for intestinal microbiota because collection is non‐invasive and allows for longitudinal sampling. Yet it is unclear whether the fecal microbiota is representative of the intestinal microbiota. In wildlife studies, research on the sampling methodology is limited. In this study focusing on amphibians, we characterize and compare the microbiota (small intestine, large intestine, and feces) of two Hong Kong stream‐dwelling frog species: Lesser Spiny Frog (Quasipaa exilispinosa) and Hong Kong Cascade Frog (Amolops hongkongensis). We found that the microbiota of both species are similar at the level of phylum and family, but diverge at the level of genus. When we assessed the performance of fecal microbiota in representing the intestinal microbiota in these two species, we found that (1) the microbiota of the small and large intestine differs significantly, (2) feces are not an appropriate proxy of either intestinal sections, and (3) a set of microbial taxa significantly differs between sample types. Our findings raise caution equating fecal and intestinal microbiota in stream‐dwelling frogs. Sampling feces can avoid sacrifice of an animal, but researchers should avoid over‐extrapolation and interpret results carefully.
Red vision in animals is broadly associated with lighting environment but not types of visual task
Authors: Margetts Bryony M. , Stuart‐Fox Devi , Franklin Amanda M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRed sensitivity is the exception rather than the norm in most animal groups. Among species with red sensitivity, there is substantial variation in the peak wavelength sensitivity (λmax) of the long wavelength sensitive (LWS) photoreceptor. It is unclear whether this variation can be explained by visual tuning to the light environment or to visual tasks such as signalling or foraging. Here, we examine long wavelength sensitivity across a broad range of taxa showing diversity in LWS photoreceptor λmax: insects, crustaceans, arachnids, amphibians, reptiles, fish, sharks and rays. We collated a list of 161 species with physiological evidence for a photoreceptor sensitive to red wavelengths (i.e. λmax ≥ 550 nm) and for each species documented abiotic and biotic factors that may be associated with peak sensitivity of the LWS photoreceptor. We found evidence supporting visual tuning to the light environment: terrestrial species had longer λmax than aquatic species, and of these, species from turbid shallow waters had longer λmax than those from clear or deep waters. Of the terrestrial species, diurnal species had longer λmax than nocturnal species, but we did not detect any differences across terrestrial habitats (closed, intermediate or open). We found no association with proxies for visual tasks such as having red morphological features or utilising flowers or coral reefs. These results support the emerging consensus that, in general, visual systems are broadly adapted to the lighting environment and diverse visual tasks. Links between visual systems and specific visual tasks are commonly reported, but these likely vary among species and do not lead to general patterns across species.
BatFly: A database of Neotropical bat–fly interactions
Authors: Zapata‐Mesa Natalya , Montoya‐Bustamante Sebastián , Hoyos Juliana , Peña Daniela , Galindo‐González Jorge , Chacón‐Pacheco Julio J. , Ballesteros‐Correa Jesús , Pastrana‐Montiel Maria Raquel , Graciolli Gustavo , Nogueira Marcelo R. , Mello Marco A. R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlobal changes have increased the risk of emerging infectious diseases, which can be prevented or mitigated by studying host–parasite interactions, among other measures. Bats and their ectoparasitic flies of the families Streblidae and Nycteribiidae are an excellent study model but, so far, our knowledge has been restricted to fragmented records at a local scale. To help boost research, we assembled a data set of bat–fly interactions from 174 studies published between 1904 and 2022 plus three original data sets. Altogether, these studies were carried out at 650 sites in the Neotropics, mainly distributed in Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, southern USA, and Colombia, among other countries. In total, our data set contains 3984 interaction records between 237 bat species and 255 fly species. The bat species with the largest number of recorded interactions were Carollia perspicillata (357), Artibeus jamaicensis (263), and Artibeus lituratus (228). The fly species with the largest number of recorded interactions were Trichobius joblingi (256), Megistopoda aranea (235), and Megistopoda proxima (215). The interaction data were extracted, filtered, taxonomically harmonized, and made available in a tidy format together with linked data on bat population, fly population, study reference, sampling methods and geographic information from the study sites. This interconnected structure enables the expansion of information for each interaction record, encompassing where and how each interaction occurred, as well as the number of bats and flies involved. We expect BatFly to open new avenues for research focused on different levels of ecological organization and spatial scales. It will help consolidate knowledge about ecological specialization, resource distribution, pathogen transmission, and the drivers of parasite prevalence over a broad spatial range. It may also help to answer key questions such as: Are there differences in fly prevalence or mean infestation across Neotropical ecoregions? What ecological drivers explain those differences? How do specialization patterns vary among fly species in the Neotropics? Furthermore, we expect BatFly to inspire research aimed at understanding how climate and land‐use changes may impact host–parasite interactions and disease outbreaks. This kind of research may help us reach Sustainable Development Goal 3, Good Health and Wellbeing, outlined by the United Nations. The data are released under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Do mindsets shape intentions to help those in need? Unravelling the paradoxical effects of mindsets of poverty on helping intentions
Authors: Graczyk Thomas , Wingen Tobias , Wingen Sophia , Dohle Simone 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPoverty remains a pressing problem, with social support playing a crucial role in its reduction. Drawing on previous research on health‐related mindsets, we propose that a growth mindset of poverty – that is, believing poverty can be changed – can have both positive and negative effects on helping intentions through increased outcome expectancy and blame, respectively. In three experiments, we found that a growth mindset of poverty is associated with increased outcome expectancy and blame, which, in parallel, mediate the relationship between mindsets and helping intentions. However, these contrary indirect effects negate each other, yielding a total null effect. Further, manipulating the relationship between mindset and outcome expectancy (but not blame) alters the relationship between mindset and helping intentions (Studies 2 and 3). By shedding light on the circumstances under which mindsets of poverty can diminish or amplify helping intentions, our research offers valuable insights for practitioners and charities dedicated to combating poverty.
Selection and behavioral responses of health insurance subsidies in the long run: Evidence from a field experiment in Ghana
Authors: Asuming Patrick Opoku , Kim Hyuncheol Bryant , Sim Armand 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe study the effects of a health insurance subsidy in Ghana, where mandates are not enforceable. We randomly provide different levels of subsidy (1/3, 2/3, and full) and evaluate the impact at 7 months and 3 years after the intervention. We find that a one‐time subsidy increased insurance enrollment for all groups in both the short and long runs, but health care utilization in the long run increased only for the partial subsidy group. We find supportive evidence that ex‐post behavioral responses rather than ex‐ante selective enrollment explain the long‐run health care utilization results.