bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk communication and community engagement in the context of COVID-19 response in Bangladesh: a qualitative study
Authors: Kamruzzaman Mohammed , Rahman Aminur , Reidpath Daniel D. , Akhter Sadika 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe global COVID-19 pandemic profoundly impacted nations worldwide, and Bangladesh was no exception. In response, the government of Bangladesh implemented community awareness initiatives aimed at containing the spread of the virus, aligned with international guidelines and recommendations. Despite these efforts, a lack of comprehensive community awareness programs played an essential role during the pandemic, not the preventive measures. A qualitative study employing framing theory was conducted to gain a deeper insight into how the social context influenced risk communication and community response throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.MethodsThe study was conducted in four selected districts of Bangladesh from February to May 2022 using complementary data collection methods, including key informant interviews, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions with purposely selected participants. Data were analyzed thematically by following six steps of the thematic analysis process. Codes were developed based on the data and summarized into themes and sub-themes grounded on the codes.ResultsThe findings indicate that the government of Bangladesh, along with development partners and non-government organizations, made a significant effort to raise awareness about COVID-19 in the community. However, there were certain limitations to this effort. These include a lack of social science and public health approaches to understanding the pandemic; inadequate coordination among the authorities for COVID-19 prevention and control; technological and geographical barriers for disseminating messages; the living conditions and lack of facilities; socio-cultural norms in understanding the COVID-19 health messages, and the gendered understanding of the messages. The findings also revealed that the awareness activities remained a one-way approach to inform the people and faced challenges to actively engage and create ownership of the community in the pandemic response.ConclusionThe study identified gaps in implementing risk communication and community engagement strategies in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. Increasing focus on public health and prioritizing community ownership is essential to designing a more effective community awareness campaign. This approach will help ensure that health messages are communicated effectively and tailored to different communities’ needs.
Use of the urine Determine LAM test in the context of tuberculosis diagnosis among inpatients with HIV in Ghana: a mixed methods study
Authors: Åhsberg Johanna , Tersbøl Britt Pinkowski , Puplampu Peter , Kwashie Augustine , Commey Joseph Oliver , Adusi-Poku Yaw , Moseholm Ellen , Andersen Åse Bengård , Kenu Ernest , Lartey Margaret , Johansen Isik Somuncu , Bjerrum Stephanie 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe urine Determine LAM test has the potential to identify tuberculosis (TB) and reduce early mortality among people living with HIV. However, implementation of the test in practice has been slow. We aimed to understand how a Determine LAM intervention was received and worked in a Ghanaian in-hospital context.Design/MethodsNested in a Determine LAM intervention study, we conducted a two-phase explanatory sequential mixed methods study at three hospitals in Ghana between January 2021 and January 2022. We performed a quantitative survey with 81 healthcare workers (HCWs), four qualitative focus-group discussions with 18 HCWs, and 15 in-depth HCW interviews. Integration was performed at the methods and analysis level. Descriptive analysis, qualitative directed content analysis, and mixed methods joint display were used.ResultsThe gap in access to TB testing when relying on sputum GeneXpert MTB/Rif alone was explained by difficulties in obtaining sputum samples and an in-hospital system that relies on relatives. The Determine LAM test procedure was experienced as easy, and most eligible patients received a test. HCWs expressed that immediate access to Determine LAM tests empowered them in rapid diagnosis. The HCW survey confirmed that bedside was the most common place for Determine LAM testing, but qualitative interviews with nurses revealed concerns about patient confidentiality when performing and disclosing the test results at the bedside. Less than half of Determine LAM-positive patients were initiated on TB treatment, and qualitative data identified a weak link in the communication of the Determine LAM results. Moreover, HCWs were reluctant to initiate Determine LAM-positive patients on TB treatment due to test specificity concerns. The Determine LAM intervention did not have an impact on the time to TB treatment as expected, but patients were, in general, initiated on TB treatment rapidly. We further identified a barrier to accessing TB treatment during weekends and that treatment by tradition is administrated early in the morning.ConclusionThe Determine LAM testing was feasible and empowered HCWs in the management of HIV-associated TB. Important gaps in routine care and Determine LAM-enhanced TB care were often explained by the context. These findings may inform in-hospital quality improvement work and scale-up of Determine LAM in similar settings.
A study on Internet use and subjective well-being among Chinese older adults: based on CGSS (2012-2018) five-wave mixed interface survey data
Authors: Zhang Chong , Zhang Yong , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThis study is designed to investigate the relationship between Internet use and subjective well-being of the older adults in China, and to analyze the mediating role of subjective social fairness in the above relationship.MethodsBased on the five-wave mixed interface survey data of China General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2018, we select a total of 18,458 older adults aged 60 and above, and comprehensively used ordered probit regression, propensity score matching (PSM), and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediating effect test methods.ResultsThe analysis results show that (1) Internet use is significantly positively correlated with the subjective well-being of the older adults, and the higher the frequency of use, the stronger the subjective well-being. (2) Place of residence, education, and regional factors moderated the effect of Internet use on subjective well-being. The subjective well-being effect of Internet use is significant among male older adults, as well as on urban, educated, or eastern older adults. (3) Subjective social fairness plays a negative mediating role in the relationship between Internet use and subjective well-being of older adults.ConclusionThe findings suggest that Internet use contributes to the improvement of subjective well-being in older adults, but attenuates this effect by reducing the subjective social fairness. Future research should further consider other factors such as the purpose, specific function, intensity of Internet use, etc., to gain a deeper understanding of how the Internet can help promote well-being.
Is sleep quality a moderated mediator between perceived stress and depression among stroke patients?
Authors: Guo Lina , Wei Miao , Namassevayam Genoosha , Zhang Mengyv , Xie Yvying , Meng Runtang , Guo Yuanli , Liu Yanjin 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundSleep quality can offer new insights into addressing depression among stroke patients. However, the current understanding of the mechanism by which sleep quality reduces depression is not clear in existing research.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the relationships and mechanisms among perceived stress, sleep quality, social support, and depression in stroke patients.MethodsA multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2023. Cluster random sampling was used to recruit 500 stroke patients from five hospitals in Henan Province, China. The Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24) were employed to assess perceived stress, sleep quality, social support, and depression, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and moderated mediation analysis. The study adhered to the STROBE checklist for reporting.ResultsOut of 500 participants, 471 completed the survey (94.2%). After controlling for sex and age, mediation analysis revealed that poor sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between perceived stress and depression (β = 0.184, 95% CI: 0.110, 0.359). Additionally, social support played a moderating role in the mediation model.ConclusionThis study explained the moderated mediation of sleep quality and social support between perceived stress and depression. It provided a theoretical basis for the development of a sleep quality intervention program for reducing depression among stroke patients.
Luxury or normal goods? Evidence from the utilization of institutional care services for the disabled older adults in China
Authors: Xia Xueqing , Li Quanlun 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundNursing care is essential for older adults with disabilities. Income plays a crucial role in determining the utilization of institutional care services. Pension benefit, as the main source of income for the older adults in China’s cities and towns in their later years, is an important factor influencing the utilization of institutional care services. However, there have been no consistent findings on how pension benefits affect the utilization of institutional care services for the disabled older adults.MethodsThis paper utilizes data from the 2017–2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. We select disabled older adults aged 65 and older, living in towns and cities, and use a probit regression model to investigate the impact of pension benefits on the utilization of institutional care services by urban disabled older adults empirically.ResultsThe study shows that a 1% increase in pension benefits raises the probability that the urban disabled older adults use institutional care services by 0.03. It also finds that for low-income urban disabled older adults, the effect is statistically significantly positive at the 1% level; but for high-income urban disabled older adults, the effect is not statistically significant. The pension benefits significantly increase the probability for the disabled older adults who are male, financially dependent, and live in townships. In addition, the pension benefits significantly reduce the probability that children will provide care and pay for care services for their older parents.ConclusionInstitutional care service is a normal good for the urban disabled older adults, especially for low-income older adults. Therefore, higher pension benefit raises the probability of utilizing institutional care services for the urban older adults with disabilities, and this positive effect is especially pronounced for older adults who are male, financially dependent, and reside in townships. In addition, increase in the pension benefits for the disabled older adults in towns and cities reduces the burden on children by reducing the probability that children will provide care and pay for care services for the older adults.
Incidence and predictors of chronic kidney disease among patients with diabetes treated at governmental hospitals of Harari Region, eastern Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Cheru Abera , Edessa Dumessa , Regassa Lemma Demissie , Gobena Tesfaye 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. However, limited evidence is available about its incidence and predictors in Ethiopia, specifically in the Harari region.MethodsA retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 520 diabetes patients who followed their treatment at governmental hospitals in the Harari region between 1 September 2012, and 30 May 2022. The risk of developing CKD was calculated with a 95% CI, and the risk was stratified by type of diabetes mellitus. Predictors of CKD were determined using the Gompertz regression model with the baseline Cox model.ResultsData from 494 patients were included in the final analysis with 26 (5%) excluded. A total of 51 patients (10.32%) developed CKD over the 10-year follow-up period with an incidence rate of 2.16 cases (95% CI 1.64–2.84) per 100 person-years of observation. The risk of CKD was increased by three times (AHR: 3.09, 45 95% CI: 1.56, 6.14) among patients older than 60 years and by more than three times (AHR: 3.53, 95% CI: 1.43, 8.71) among patients with diabetes mellitus for longer than 5 years of stay with the diabetes mellitus. Moreover, the risk of CKD was increased four-fold among patients with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels &lt;40 mg/dL (AHR: 3.84, 95% CI, 1.80–8.18) and those with positive baseline proteinuria (AHR: 3.77, 95% CI: 1.43–8.71).ConclusionWe found that one in ten diabetic patients had developed CKD within 10 years of the diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Advanced age, longer duration of diabetes, lower baseline HDL-C level, and proteinuria had increased the hazards of developing CKD. We recommend a more focused follow-up of older adult patients with advanced disease status at baseline for optimal control of diabetes mellitus that prevents its furthering to CKD.
Determining the nurses’ perception regarding the effectiveness of COVID-19 protocols implemented in Eastern Province: Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljaffary Afnan , Al Elaiwi Tahani , AlOtaibi Noot , AlAnsari Fatimah , Alumran Arwa , Salama Khaled F. 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe global impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been profound, affecting public health, the global economy, and overall human life. Past experiences with global pandemics underscored the significance of understanding the perception of HCWs and hospital staff in developing and implementing preventive measures. The World Health Organization (WHO) provided protocols to manage the spread of COVID-19 and assist healthcare workers and health systems globally in maintaining high-quality health services.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess nurses’ perception, awareness, and compliance regarding the implementation of COVID-19 protocols and explore factors influencing their perception.MethodologyA quantitative cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted, distributing a constructed survey among nurses in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.ResultsOut of 141 participants, most adhered to protocols such as hand sanitization, social distancing, and proper personal protective equipment (PPE) usage. The predominant age group among respondents was 31 to 40 years (n = 71, 50%). A significant portion of participants reported holding a bachelor’s degree (n = 86, 61%), with only 14% possessing advanced degrees (n = 19). Nearly a third of the nurses in the study had accumulated 6 to 10 years of professional experience (n = 49, 34.8%). A noteworthy percentage of nurses were engaged in daily shifts exceeding 8 h (n = 98, 70%). Gender differences were observed, with females exhibiting a higher tendency to avoid shaking hands and social gatherings. Saudi nationals were more inclined to shake hands and engage in gatherings. Non-Saudi nurses and those aged between &lt;25 to 40 years demonstrated proper donning/doffing practices. Nurses with over 6 years of experience avoided social gatherings, while those working &gt;8 h adhered better to PPE usage, proper donning/doffing, and disposal of PPE in designated bins.ConclusionUnderstanding COVID-19 protocols is crucial for tailoring interventions and ensuring effective compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures among nurses. More efforts should be made toward preparing the healthcare nursing to deal with the outbreak. Preparing healthcare nursing with the right knowledge, attitude, and precautionary practices during the COVID-19 outbreak is very essential to patient and public safety.
Associations between cohort derived dementia and COVID-19 serological diagnosis among older Black adults in rural South Africa
Authors: Harriman Nigel Walsh , Bassil Darina T. , Farrell Meagan T. , Du Toit Jacques , Gómez-Olivé Casas F. Xavier , Tollman Stephen M. , Berkman Lisa F. 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThis study investigates the association between cohort derived dementia and serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, an underexplored phenomena in low-and middle-income countries. Examining this relationship in a rural South African community setting offers insights applicable to broader healthcare contexts.MethodsData were collected from Black South Africans in the Mpumalanga province who participated in the Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa. Cohort derived dementia was developed using a predictive model for consensus-based dementia diagnosis. Multinomial logistic regression models estimated the association between predicted dementia probability in 2018 and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in 2021, controlling for demographics, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities.ResultsFifty-two percent of the tested participants had serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. In the fully adjusted model, cohort derived dementia was significantly associated with over twice the risk of serological diagnosis of COVID-19 (RRR = 2.12, p = 0.045).ConclusionComplying with COVID-19 prevention recommendations may be difficult for individuals with impaired cognitive functioning due to their symptoms. Results can inform community-based public health initiatives to reduce COVID-19 transmission among South Africa’s rapidly aging population.
Public health workforce survey data (2016–2021) related to employee turnover: proposed methods for harmonization and triangulation
Authors: Weiss Nicole M. , Martin Skky , Onal Sezen O. , McDaniel Nicole , Leider Jonathon P. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionPublic health workforce numbers are unsustainable at best and dire at worst: based on 2017 and 2019 data, 80,000 FTEs needed to be hired by health departments to provide basic public health foundational services before COVID-19 hit, suggesting that the situation is worse after the mass exodus of public health officials due to the pandemic. As such, a better understanding of public health workforce turnover is critical to improving recruitment and retention in the discipline.MethodsThis methods report details how the authors harmonized four public health workforce surveys—the Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS), the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) Profile, the NACCHO Forces of Change survey, and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) Profile—in order to examine employee turnover.ResultsWe found that 31% of the public health workforce reported considering leaving their positions at some time in the future. Furthermore, the majority of agencies reported that zero vacancies had been filled in both 2018 and 2019.DiscussionThese findings suggest that retention, recruitment, and onboarding may be areas upon which to focus evaluation and quality improvement endeavors, allowing public health organizations to better attract and retain the most qualified candidates.
Study on the logic and effectiveness of crisis learning in the promotion policy adjustment: an observation based on the adjustment of COVID-19 prevention policy in China
Authors: Wei Changwei , Xu Jiaxi , Xu Zuying 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAs the impact of COVID-19 on normal production and living conditions diminishes, this serious emergency is come to an end. China’s policy framework has facilitated positive adjustment over the past 3 years by timely modifying its emergency response to changes in viruses and epidemics. This paper aims to explore the logic of China’s policy framework that promoted policy adjustment through crisis learning during COVID-19.MethodsBy gathering and classifying China’s epidemic prevention policies throughout the past 3 years, integrating policy texts, and analyzing key events, this article examines the process of supporting policy adjustment through crisis learning in the policy system during COVID-19.ResultsThe Chinese government’s COVID-19 policy adjustment process can be divided into four stages, namely ‘The period of stress response’, ‘The period of COVID-19 prevention and control’, ‘The period of regular prevention and control’, and ‘The period of overall adjustment’. The policy adjustments in each stage demonstrate the logic and effectiveness of crisis learning in the promotion policy adjustment. The study has determined that the motivational logic comprises three crucial elements: security requirements, accountability pressure, and reputation management. The institutional logic encompasses both the organizational and resourceful environments, and the institutional and cultural environment. Additionally, the behavioral logic of policy adaptation aligns with the strategy of crisis learning. Meanwhile, the logical framework of ‘crisis learning-policy adjustment’ can be verified using the Chinese government’s policy adjustment in COVID-19 as an example.ConclusionEstablishing an effective post-crisis learning system is crucial to improving the effectiveness of crisis response. There is a logical link between crisis learning and policy adjustment. The implementation of policy adjustment needs to be based on the results of crisis learning. Government departments are essential for crisis learning and policy adjustment.
Prosumer capitalism in the sharing economy: a gender approach to service providers’ experiences in ridesharing platforms
Authors: Castillo-Villar Fernando Rey , Castillo-Villar Rosalia G. , Castillo-Villar Krystel K. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe study draws on the theory of “prosumer capitalism” to explore the experiences of female drivers in ridesharing platforms.MethodsTwenty-five phenomenological in-depth interviews were carried out with Mexican female drivers in ridesharing platforms.ResultsThe results yielded insights regarding the motives of women to become rideshare drivers, their prosumption experiences, and gender issues related to the job.DiscussionThe study offers a novel gender-based approach to comprehend the status of female service providers as prosumer-as-producers and the diverse risks and challenges they face while working in the sharing economy. In a practical sense, platform designers and marketers can improve the application functions to attend to the specific needs of female drivers and implement inclusive measures to safeguard their integrity and well-being.