bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pedestrian trajectory prediction method based on the Social-LSTM model for vehicle collision
Authors: Han Yong , Lin Xujie , Pan Di , Li Yanting , Su Liang , Thomson Robert , Mizuno Koji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTechniques for predicting the trajectory of vulnerable road users are important to the development of perception systems for autonomous vehicles to avoid accidents. The most effective trajectory prediction methods, such as Social-LSTM, are often used to predict pedestrian trajectories in normal passage scenarios. However, they can produce unsatisfactory prediction results and data redundancy, as well as difficulties in predicting trajectories using pixel-based coordinate systems in collision avoidance systems. There is also a lack of validations using real vehicle-to-pedestrian collisions. To address these issues, some insightful approaches to improve the trajectory prediction scheme of Social-LSTM were proposed, such methods included transforming pedestrian trajectory coordinates and converting image coordinates to world coordinates. The YOLOv5 detection model was introduced to reduce target loss and improve prediction accuracy. The DeepSORT algorithm was employed to reduce the number of target transformations in the tracking model. Image Perspective Transformation (IPT) and Direct Linear Transformation (DLT) theories were combined to transform the coordinates to world coordinates, identifying the collision location where the accident could occur. The performance of the proposed method was validated by training tests using MS COCO (Microsoft Common Objects in Context) and ETH/UCY datasets. The results showed that the target detection accuracy was more than 90% and the prediction loss tends to decrease with increasing training steps, with the final loss value less than 1%. The reliability and effectiveness of the improved method were demonstrated by benchmarking system performance to two video recordings of real pedestrian accidents with different lighting conditions.
Pressure Injury Knowledge and Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students
Authors: Yoltay Hatice Eda , Özşaker Esma 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To describe the pressure injury (PI) knowledge and attitudes of senior nursing students (SNSs).

METHODS
This study used a descriptive and cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of SNSs involved in a nursing program in the Aegean region of Turkey. The authors collected data using a student information form, the Turkish version of the Attitude towards Pressure Ulcer Prevention instrument, and the Turkish version of the Pressure Ulcer Prevention Knowledge Assessment Instrument.

RESULTS
One hundred seventy SNSs were included; 50% had experience preventing PI, 14.1% had provided care to patients with PIs, and 21.2% had staged PIs. The SNSs’ average PI prevention knowledge score was 13.06 ± 2.94 (50.3% correct), and only 20.5% (n = 35) of the SNSs answered questions at an acceptable proficiency level (60%). The mean Attitude towards Pressure Ulcer Prevention score of the SNSs was 39.38 ± 2.73 (75.7% correct).

CONCLUSIONS
The results of the research indicated that the SNSs’ knowledge about preventing PI was insufficient, although their attitudes toward PI prevention were positive. Because adequate training on PI is important for patient care, students’ knowledge deficiencies regarding PIs should be identified and addressed.
Are Orthopedic Trauma Surgeons Appropriately Compensated for Treating Acetabular Fractures? An analysis of operative times and RVUs
Authors: Chintalapudi Nainisha , Hysong Alexander , Posey Samuel , Hsu Joseph R. , Kempton Laurence , Phelps Kevin D. , Sims Stephen , Karunakar Madhav , Seymour Rachel B. , Medda Suman ,   the Evidence-Based Musculoskeletal Injury and Trauma Collaborative (EMIT)
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the work RVUs attributed per minute of operative time (wRVU/min) in fixation of acetabular fractures, evaluate surgical factors that influence wRVU/min, and to compare wRVU/min to other procedures.

METHODS:

Design:
Retrospective

Setting:
Level 1 academic center

Patient Selection Criteria:
251 operative acetabular fractures (62 A, B, C) from 2015 – 2021

Outcome Measures and Comparisons:
Work RVU per minute of operative time for each acetabular current procedural terminology (CPT) code. Surgical approach, patient positioning, total room time and surgeon experience were collected. Comparison wRVU/min were collected from the literature.

RESULTS:
The mean wRVU per surgical minute for each CPT code was (1) CPT 27226 (isolated wall fracture): 0.091 wRVU/min, (2) CPT 27227 (isolated column or transverse fracture): 0.120 wRVU/min, (3) CPT 27228 (associated fracture types): 0.120 wRVU/min. Of fractures with single approaches, anterior approaches generated the least wRVU/min (0.091 wRVU/min, p=0.0001). Average non-surgical room time was 82.1 minutes. Surgeon experience ranged from 3 to 26 years with operative time decreasing as surgeon experience increased (p = 0.03). As a comparison, the wRVU/min for primary and revision hip arthroplasty have been reported as 0.26 and 0.249 wRVU/min respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The wRVUs allocated per minute of operative time for acetabular fractures is less than half of other reported hip procedures and lowest for isolated wall fractures. There was a significant amount of non-surgical room time that should be accounted for in compensation models. This information should be utilized to ensure that orthopedic trauma surgeons are being appropriately supported for managing these fractures.
LIFETIME AMBIENT ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION EXPOSURE AND INCIDENCE OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Authors: Amari Bouchra , Merle Benedicte M. J. , Korobelnik Jean-François , Delyfer Marie-Noëlle , Boniol Mathieu , Dore Jean-François , Helmer Catherine , Delcourt Cecile , Cougnard-Gregoire Audrey 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To investigate the link between lifelong exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods:
The Alienor study is a prospective population-based cohort involving 963 residents of Bordeaux, France, older than 73 years. A subset of 614 participants for advanced AMD and 422 participants for early AMD were included in the analysis. The participants' residential history combined with UVR estimates from the EuroSun satellite were used to estimate the amount of ambient UVR they have been exposed to over their lifetime. Age-related macular degeneration was classified from retinal fundus photographs and spectral domain optical coherence tomography at 2 to 3 years intervals over the 2006 to 2017 period. Associations between cumulative exposure to ultraviolet A, ultraviolet B, and total (total UV) and the incidence of early and advanced AMD were estimated using multivariate Cox models.

Results:
Intermediate quartiles of total UV, ultraviolet A, and ultraviolet B exposures were associated with a higher risk for incident early AMD (Hazard Ratio [HR] =2.01 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27–3.13], HR = 2.20 [95% CI = 1.38–3.50], HR = 1.79 [95% CI = 1.13–2.80], respectively) as compared with the lower quartile. However, this risk did not further increase in the highest quartiles of exposure. None of the three types of UVR exposure was significantly associated with incident advanced AMD.

Conclusion:
Despite an increased risk with intermediate compared with low UVR exposure, our study cannot confirm a dose–response relationship of UVR exposure with early AMD onset.
HIGH MYOPIA IS COMMON IN PATIENTS WITH X-LINKED RETINOPATHIES
Authors: Huang Li , Lai Yanting , Sun Limei , Li Songshan , Ding Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
High myopia can occur as a single or syndromic condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the refractive error and myopic maculopathy in patients with X-linked retinopathies.

Methods:
Whole exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, and comprehensive ocular examinations were performed in patients with X-linked retinopathies.

Results:
A total of 17 patients were recruited, including six with CACNA1F, seven with RPGR, three with NYX, and one with OPN1MW mutations. The diagnoses were congenital stationary night blindness (6), cone–rod dystrophy (4), retinitis pigmentosa (4), achromatopsia (1), Leber congenital amaurosis (1), and myopia (1). Myopia was present in 88.2% patients, and 64.7% patients had high myopia. Gene analysis showed that high myopia was present in 80% patients with CACNA1F, 100% patients with NYX, and 57.1% patients with RPGR mutations. In the ATN classification, 64.7% of the patients were A1T0N0 and 35.3% were A0T0N0. The refractive errors progressed over time, even in patients with congenital stationary night blindness. Two females with heterozygous de novo RPGR mutations presented with retinitis pigmentosa or cone rod dystrophy combined with high myopia.

Conclusion:
High myopia is common in patients with X-linked retinopathies, and myopic maculopathy was only mild atrophy without traction and neovascularization.
Genes as drugs for glaucoma: latest advances
Authors: Borrás Teresa , Stepankoff Michelle , Danias John 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
To provide the latest advances on the future use of gene therapy for the treatment of glaucoma.

Recent findings
In preclinical studies, a number of genes have been shown to be able to reduce elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and to exert neuroprotection of the retinal ganglion cells. These genes target various mechanisms of action and include among others: MMP3, PLAT, IκB, GLIS, SIRT, Tie-2, AQP1. Some of these as well as some previously identified genes (MMP3, PLAT, BDNF, C3, TGFβ, MYOC, ANGPTL7) are starting to move onto drug development. At the same time, progress has been made in the methods to deliver and control gene therapeutics (advances in these areas are not covered in this review).

Summary
While preclinical efforts continue in several laboratories, an increasing number of start-up and large pharmaceutical companies are working on developing gene therapeutics for glaucoma (Sylentis, Quetera/Astellas, Exhaura, Ikarovec, Genentech, Regeneron, Isarna, Diorasis Therapeutics). Despite the presence of generic medications to treat glaucoma, given the size of the potential world-wide market (∼$7B), it is likely that the number of companies developing glaucoma gene therapies will increase further in the near future.
Megalin Facilitates the Regulation of Mitochondrial Function by Extracellular Cues
Authors: Li Qingtian , Sheikh-Hamad David 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Megalin (also known as low density lipoprotein-receptor related protein 2 [LRP2]) is a multi-ligand cell-surface endocytic receptor expressed widely; it is important for the uptake of vitamins, nutrients and hormones. We recently reported the discovery of LRP2/megalin in the mitochondria of many cells and organs. Importantly, megalin traffics the mitochondrial intracrines stanniocalcin-1, TGF-β and angiotensin II from the extracellular milieu to the mitochondria. This transport parallels the retrograde early endosome to Golgi pathway and requires the Rab GTPase Rab32 in the mitochondria, megalin associates with sirtuin family of class III histone deacetylases (Sirt3) and stanniocalcin-1 (Stc1), which are important for anti-oxidant defenses. Deletion of megalin impairs mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis. The interaction between stanniocalcin-1 and megalin is mediated by leucines within the signal peptides of the proteins; and this interaction is essential to the stimulation of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis by stanniocalcin-1. Our findings suggest that megalin facilitates the regulation of mitochondrial function by extracellular cues.
Factors Associated With Educational Completion for Students With Physical Disabilities in Physical Therapist Programs
Authors: Sharp Amanda 
Published: December 2023

Introduction.
Few studies have investigated the specific factors associated with educational completion, or graduation, for students with physical disabilities (SWPD) in physical therapist programs.

Review of Literature.
Disability diversity has been at the forefront in nursing and medicine over the past several years with tangible action and research initiatives identified. Similar calls have been made in the physical therapy profession; however, research is needed to frame the scope of the topic. The purpose of this study was to explore the institutional context of where and how education for SWPD occurs and to identify the academic factors associated with educational completion for SWPD in physical therapist programs.

Subjects.
Accredited physical therapist programs in the United States with a history of graduating at least one cohort were invited to participate in a survey. Faculty with experiences working with SWPD were invited for interviews.

Methods.
A conceptual framework was developed based on known educational scholars and on theories specific to the disability community. From the framework, a one-phase convergent mixed-methods study was conducted. Data were collected, analyzed separately, and integrated.

Results.
Institutions with technical standards (TS) updated in the past 5 years were more likely to have admitted SWPD (P = .027). Statistically significant academic factors associated with successful completion of SWPD in physical therapist programs included private institutions over public, having recently updated TS, and having available faculty training on accommodations. Supports including having adaptable perspectives and using multistakeholder collaboration related to SWPD were identified during qualitative analysis. Barriers were grouped as roadblocks and having a fixed mindset.

Discussion/Conclusion.
These findings can be applied across physical therapist programs with a goal to improve disability diversity in the profession. Implications for other health professional programs, ongoing research opportunities, and practice recommendations are provided.
Latest insights into the pathophysiology of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis
Authors: Tornic Jure , Engeler Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) is a common medical problem in both sexes affecting people of all ages. Patients might report overactive bladder symptoms with additional bladder pain at maximum bladder filling, during and after micturition. This review aims to highlight pathophysiological mechanisms associated with this disease.

Recent findings
Latest literature exposes different pathophysiological mechanisms such as impaired urothelial barrier function, alteration of urothelial factors and cytokines, chronic inflammation, vascular lesions, neurogenic inflammation and processes in the central nervous system leading to central sensitization. According to the involved mechanisms, BPS/IC may be arranged in clusters according to the clinical phenotype thus helping in clinical decision-making and treatment. Moreover, patients with BPS/IC suffer from other comorbidities such as fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic pain and functional syndromes and psychosomatic diseases making the management challenging for medical professionals.

Summary
Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis is a complex heterogeneous medical condition involving different pathomechanisms leading to bladder pain and dysfunction, consequently, impairing quality-of-life in affected individuals. However, these mechanisms are still not fully understood, so that patient treatments often remain unsatisfactory. For this reason, continuing research is important to understand the underlying pathomechanisms to discover biomarkers and treatment targets eventually improving diagnostic and therapeutic measures of BPS/IC.
Taking the Fear Out of Peer Feedback
Authors: Rodriguez Rebecca , Hambley Catherine , Wisner Kirsten 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Effective peer feedback is critical for the self-regulation of nursing practice and safe, high-quality care, yet peer feedback conversations can be challenging and anxiety provoking. As current literature revealed no consistent approach, taskforce members designed and implemented an innovative and standardized peer feedback program using brain science to support nurses' skills in speaking up. The new program resulted in an increase in nurses' self-reported willingness to provide peer feedback, and improvements in safety culture and nurse-sensitive quality outcomes.
Are Gender-Affirming Plastic Surgeons Adequately Compensated? An Analysis of Relative Value Units
Authors: Oleru Olachi O. , Seyidova Nargiz , Taub Peter J. 
Published: December 2023

Background
Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) has a complicated history within US health care. As GAS procedures and reimbursement availability continue to uptrend, the present study aims to investigate whether compensation is equitable between GAS procedures and general plastic surgery procedures.

Methods
The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for all surgeries performed by plastic surgeons from 2016 to 2020. Cases were assigned to the GAS or non-GAS cohort using ICD-10 codes. Duplicate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were removed for analysis. Operative time, total wRVUs, wRVUs per hour (wRVU/h), reoperation/readmission rate, and number of concurrent procedures were compared between the cohorts.

Results
A total of 132,319 non-GAS and 3,583 GAS were identified. After duplicate CPT removal, 299 cases (21 unique CPTs) remained in the GAS cohort and 20,022 (37 unique CPTs) in the non-GAS cohort. Operative time was higher in the GAS cohort (262.9 vs 120.7 min, P < 0.001), as were total wRVUs (59.4 vs 21.6, P < 0.001). Reoperation/readmission rate (7.0% vs 6.0%) and wRVU/h (15.8 vs 15.1) were not significantly different (all P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between total operative time and total wRVUs (P < 0.001) and a negative correlation between total operative time and wRVU/h (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Proportional wRVUs are allocated to gender affirming plastic procedures. However, the RVU scale does not allocate proportional wRVUs to longer operative times for both GAS and general plastic surgeries. Compensation for gender affirming plastic surgeries is higher than that of general plastic surgeries; however, there is no difference in wRVUs per hour on comparison.
Geographic Variability of Genital Gender-Affirming Surgery Centers and Costs of Hospitalization
Authors: Kim Erin J. , Stearns Stephen A. , Bustos Valeria P. , Engmann Toni , Dowlatshahi Arriyan S. , Lee Bernard T. , Cauley Ryan 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
The cost of gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is an important component of healthcare accessibility for transgender patients. However, GAS is often prohibitively expensive, particularly as there are inconsistencies in insurance coverages. Variability in hospital costs has been documented for other types of nonplastic surgery procedures; however, this analysis has not been done for GAS. To better understand the financial barriers impairing access to equitable transgender care, this study analyzes the distribution of hospitals that perform genital GAS and the associated costs of inpatient genital GAS.

Methods
This is a study of the 2016–2019 National Inpatient Sample database. Transgender patients undergoing genital GAS were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, diagnosis and procedure codes, and patients undergoing concurrent chest wall GAS were excluded. Descriptive statistics were done on patient sociodemographic variables, hospital characteristics, and hospitalization costs. χ2 test was used to assess for differences between categorical variables and Mood's median test was used to assess for differences between continuous variable medians.

Results
A total of 3590 weighted genital GAS encounters were identified. The Western region (50.8%) and Northeast (32.3%) performed the greatest proportion of GAS, compared with the Midwest (9.1%) and the South (8.0%) (P < 0.0001). The most common payment source was private insurance (62.8%), followed by public insurance (27.3%). There were significant differences in the variability of median hospital costs across regions (P < 0.0001). The South and Midwest had the greatest median cost for vaginoplasty ($19,935; interquartile range [IQR], $16,162–$23,561; P = 0.0009), while the West had the greatest median cost for phalloplasty ($26,799; IQR, $19,667–$30,826; P = 0.0152). Across both procedures, the Northeast had the lowest median cost ($11,421; IQR, $9155–$13,165 and $10,055; IQR, $9,013–$10,377, respectively).

Conclusions
There is significant regional variability in the number of GAS procedures performed and their associated hospitalization costs. The identified disparities in insurance coverage present an area of possible future improvement to alleviate the financial burden GAS presents to gender-discordant individuals. The variability in cost suggests a need to evaluate variations in care, leading to cost standardization.
Oncological Safety of Autologous Fat Grafting for Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Strong Amy L. , Syrjamaki John D. , Kamdar Neil , Wilkins Edwin G. , Sears Erika D. 
Published: December 2023

Background
Autologous fat grafting has become a vital component of breast reconstruction. However, concerns remain regarding the safety of fat grafting after oncological resection and breast reconstruction. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the association of fat grafting after breast reconstruction with metastasis and death in breast cancer patients.

Methods
A retrospective, population-based cohort study was conducted using deidentified claims data from 2001 to 2018 and included privately insured patients with breast cancer who underwent breast reconstruction after surgical resection. Breast reconstruction patients who underwent fat grafting were compared with those not undergoing fat grafting, evaluating metastasis and death up to 15 years after reconstruction. One-to-one propensity score matching was used to account for selection bias on patient risk factors comparing those with and without fat grafting.

Results
A total of 4709 patients were identified who underwent breast reconstruction after lumpectomy or mastectomy, of which 368 subsequently underwent fat grafting. In the propensity score–matched patients, fat grafting was not associated with an increased risk of lymph node metastasis (9.7% fat-grafted vs 11.4% in non–fat-grafted, P = 0.47) or distant metastasis (9.1% fat-grafted vs 10.5% in non–fat-grafted, P = 0.53). There was no increased risk of all-cause mortality after fat grafting for breast reconstruction (3.9% fat-grafted vs 6.6% non–fat-grafted, P = 0.10).

Conclusions
Among breast cancer patients who subsequently underwent fat grafting, compared with no fat grafting, no significant increase was observed in distant metastasis or all-cause mortality. These findings suggest that autologous fat grafting after oncologic resection and reconstruction was not associated with an increased risk of future metastasis or death.