bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HNEAP Regulates Necroptosis of Cardiomyocytes by Suppressing the m5C Methylation of Atf7 mRNA
Authors: Wang Kai , Li Fu‐Hai , Zhou Lu‐Yu , Zhao Xue‐Mei , Gao Xiang‐Qian , Liu Cui‐Yun , Li Xin‐Min , Chen Xin‐Zhe , Zhao Yan , Cheng Xue‐Li , Wang Rui‐Quan , Li Rui‐Feng , Zhang Yu‐Hui , Gao Fei , Tian Jin‐Wei , Wang Kun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are highly expressed in various cardiovascular diseases. However, their role in cardiomyocyte death caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, especially necroptosis, remains elusive. In this study, a heart necroptosis‐associated piRNA (HNEAP) is found that regulates cardiomyocyte necroptosis by targeting DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)‐mediated 5‐methylcytosine (m5C) methylation of the activating transcription factor 7 (Atf7) mRNA transcript. HNEAP expression level is significantly elevated in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‐exposed cardiomyocytes and I/R‐injured mouse hearts. Loss of HNEAP inhibited cardiomyocyte necroptosis and ameliorated cardiac function in mice. Mechanistically, HNEAP directly interacts with DNMT1 and attenuates m5C methylation of the Atf7 mRNA transcript, which increases Atf7 expression level. ATF7 can further downregulate the transcription of Chmp2a, an inhibitor of necroptosis, resulting in the reduction of Chmp2a level and the progression of cardiomyocyte necroptosis. The findings reveal that piRNA‐mediated m5C methylation is involved in the regulation of cardiomyocyte necroptosis. Thus, the HNEAP‐DNMT1‐ATF7‐CHMP2A axis may be a potential target for attenuating cardiac injury caused by necroptosis in ischemic heart disease.
Moiré‐Assisted Realization of Octahedral MoTe2 Monolayer
Authors: Saruta Yasuaki , Sugawara Katsuaki , Oka Hirofumi , Kawakami Tappei , Kato Takemi , Nakayama Kosuke , Souma Seigo , Takahashi Takashi , Fukumura Tomoteru , Sato Takafumi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA current key challenge in 2D materials is the realization of emergent quantum phenomena in hetero structures via controlling the moiré potential created by the periodicity mismatch between adjacent layers, as highlighted by the discovery of superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene. Generally, the lattice structure of the original host material remains unchanged even after the moiré superlattice is formed. However, much less attention is paid for the possibility that the moiré potential can also modify the original crystal structure itself. Here, it is demonstrated that octahedral MoTe2 which is unstable in bulk is stabilized in a commensurate MoTe2/graphene hetero‐bilayer due to the moiré potential created between the two layers. It is found that the reconstruction of electronic states via the moiré potential is responsible for this stabilization, as evidenced by the energy‐gap opening at the Fermi level observed by angle‐resolved photoemission and scanning tunneling spectroscopies. The present results provide a fresh approach to realize novel 2D quantum phases by utilizing the moiré potential.
Conjugation‐Induced Spin Delocalization in Helical Chiral Carbon Radicals via Through‐Bond and Through‐Space Effects
Authors: Duan Longhui , Xue Xiaoping , Hong Biqiong , Gu Zhenhua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA class of highly stable hydrocarbon radicals with helical chirality are synthesized, which can be isolated and purified by routine column chromatography on silica gel. These carbon‐centered radicals are stabilized by through‐bond delocalization and intramolecular through‐space conjugation, which is evidenced by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation. The high stability enables to directly modify the carbon radical via palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling with the radical being untapped. The structures and optoelectronic properties are investigated with a variety of experimental methods, including Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), Ultraviolet Visisble Near Infrared (UV–vis–NIR) measurements, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA), Circular Dichroism (CD) spectra, High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and X‐ray crystallographic analysis. DFT calculations indicated that the 9‐anthryl helical radical is more stable than its tail‐to‐tail σ‐dimer over 13.2 kJ mol−1, which is consistent with experimental observations.
Fusing Positive and Negative CT Contrast Nanoagent for the Sensitive Detection of Hepatoma
Authors: Meng Xianfu , Gao Jiahao , Sun Yanhong , Duan Fei , Chen Bixue , Lv Guanglei , Li Huiyan , Jiang Xingwu , Wu Yelin , Zhang Jiawen , Fang Xiangming , Yao Zhenwei , Zuo Changjing , Bu Wenbo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPositive computed tomography (CT) contrast nanoagent has significant applications in diagnosing tumors. However, the sensitive differentiation between hepatoma and normal liver tissue remains challenging. This challenge arises primarily because both normal liver and hepatoma tissues capture the nanoagent, resulting in similar positive CT contrasts. Here, a strategy for fusing positive and negative CT contrast nanoagent is proposed to detect hepatoma. A nanoagent Hf‐MOF@AB@PVP initially generates a positive CT contrast signal of 120.3 HU in the liver. Subsequently, it can specifically respond to the acidic microenvironment of hepatoma to generate H2, further achieving a negative contrast of −96.0 HU. More importantly, the relative position between the negative and positive signals area is helpful to determine the location of hepatoma and normal liver tissues. The distinct contrast difference of 216.3 HU and relative orientation between normal liver and tumor tissues are meaningful to sensitively distinguish hepatoma from normal liver tissue utilizing CT imaging.
Room‐Temperature Molding of Complex‐Shaped Transparent Fused Silica Lenses
Authors: Xu Ya , Du Xiaotong , Wang Zhenhua , Liu Hua , Huang Peng , To Suet , Zhu LiMin , Zhu Zhiwei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe high hardness, brittleness, and thermal resistance impose significant challenges in the scalable manufacturing of fused silica lenses, which are widely used in numerous applications. Taking advantage of the nanocomposites by stirring silica nanopowders with photocurable resins, the newly emerged low‐temperature pre‐shaping technique provides a paradigm shift in fabricating transparent fused silica components. However, preparing the silica slurry and carefully evaporating the organics may significantly increase the process complexity and decrease the manufacturing efficiency for the nanocomposite‐based technique. By directly pressing pure silica nanopowders against the complex‐shaped metal molds in minutes, this work reports an entirely different room‐temperature molding method capable of mass replication of complex‐shaped silica lenses without organic additives. After sintering the replicated lenses, fully transparent fused silica lenses with spherical, arrayed, and freeform patterns are generated with nanometric surface roughness and well‐reserved mold shapes, demonstrating a scalable and cost‐effective route surpassing the current techniques for the manufacturing of high‐quality fused silica lenses.
Design of High‐Performance Organic Nonlinear Optical and Terahertz Crystals by Controlling the van der Waals Volume
Authors: Shin Bong‐Rim , Puc Uros , Park Yu‐Jin , Kim Dong‐Joo , Lee Chae‐Won , Yoon Woojin , Yun Hoseop , Kim Chaeyoon , Rotermund Fabian , Jazbinsek Mojca , Kwon O‐Pil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the development of new organic crystals for nonlinear optical and terahertz (THz) applications, it is very challenging to achieve the essentially required non‐centrosymmetric molecular arrangement. Moreover, the resulting crystal structure is mostly unpredictable due to highly dipolar molecular components with complex functional substituents. In this work, new organic salt crystals with top‐level macroscopic optical nonlinearity by controlling the van der Waals volume (VvdW), rather than by trial and error, are logically designed. When the VvdW of molecular ionic components varies, the corresponding crystal symmetry shows an observable trend: change from centrosymmetric to non‐centrosymmetric and back to centrosymmetric. All non‐centrosymmetric crystals exhibit an isomorphic P1 crystal structure with an excellent macroscopic second‐order nonlinear optical response. Apart from the top‐level macroscopic optical nonlinearity, new organic crystals introducing highly electronegative fluorinated substituents with strong secondary bonding ability show excellent performance in efficient and broadband THz wave generation, high crystal density, high thermal stability, and good bulk crystal growth ability.
Perfusion Window Chambers Enable Interventional Analyses of Tumor Microenvironments
Authors: Korolj Anastasia , Kohler Rainer H. , Scott Ella , Halabi Elias A. , Lucas Kilean , Carlson Jonathan C.T. , Weissleder Ralph 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntravital microscopy (IVM) allows spatial and temporal imaging of different cell types in intact live tissue microenvironments. IVM has played a critical role in understanding cancer biology, invasion, metastases, and drug development. One considerable impediment to the field is the inability to interrogate the tumor microenvironment and its communication cascades during disease progression and therapeutic interventions. Here, a new implantable perfusion window chamber (PWC) is described that allows high‐fidelity in vivo microscopy, local administration of stains and drugs, and longitudinal sampling of tumor interstitial fluid. This study shows that the new PWC design allows cyclic multiplexed imaging in vivo, imaging of drug action, and sampling of tumor‐shed materials. The PWC will be broadly useful as a novel perturbable in vivo system for deciphering biology in complex microenvironments.
Exosomal miR‐181d‐5p Derived from Rapamycin‐Conditioned MDSC Alleviated Allograft Rejection by Targeting KLF6
Authors: Wei Chao , Sun Yaru , Zeng Fanxing , Chen Xiunian , Ma Li , Liu Xiaoxue , Qi Xiaolin , Shi Weiyun , Gao Hua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImmune rejection and side effects of long‐term administration of immunosuppressants are the two major obstacles to allograft acceptance and tolerance. The immunosuppressive extracellular vesicles (EVs)‐based approach has been proven to be effective in treating autoimmune/inflammatory disorders. Herein, the anti‐rejection advantage of exosomes (Rapa‐Exo) from rapamycin‐conditioned myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) over exosomes (Exo‐Nor) from the untreated MDSCs is shown. The exosomal small RNA sequencing and loss‐of‐function assays reveal that the anti‐rejection effect of Rapa‐Exo functionally relies on miR‐181d‐5p. Through target prediction and double‐luciferase reporter assay, Kruppel‐like factor (KLF) 6 is identified as a direct target of miR‐181d‐5p. Finally, KLF6 knockdown markedly resolves inflammation and prolongs the survival of corneal allografts. Taken together, these findings support that Rapa‐Exo executes an anti‐rejection effect, highlighting the immunosuppressive EVs‐based treatment as a promising approach in organ transplantation.
Cellular Automata Inspired Multistable Origami Metamaterials for Mechanical Learning
Authors: Liu Zuolin , Fang Hongbin , Xu Jian , Wang Kon‐Well 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent advances in multistable metamaterials reveal a link between structural configuration transition and Boolean logic, heralding a new generation of computationally capable intelligent materials. To enable higher‐level computation, existing computational frameworks require the integration of large‐scale networked logic gates, which places demanding requirements on the fabrication of materials counterparts and the propagation of signals. Inspired by cellular automata, a novel computational framework based on multistable origami metamaterials by incorporating reservoir computing is proposed, which can accomplish high‐level computation tasks without the need to construct a logic gate network. This approach thus eliminates the demanding requirements for the fabrication of materials and signal propagation when constructing large‐scale networks for high‐level computation in conventional mechanical logic. Using the multistable stacked Miura‐origami metamaterial as a validation platform, digit recognition is experimentally implemented by a single actuator. Moreover, complex tasks, such as handwriting recognition and 5‐bit memory tasks, are also shown to be feasible with the new computation framework. The research represents a significant advancement in developing a new generation of intelligent materials with advanced computational capabilities. With continued research and development, these materials can have a transformative impact on a wide range of fields, from computational science to material mechano‐intelligence technology and beyond.
Synergistically Boosting the Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Functionalized Pillar[5]arenes by Polymerization and Aggregation
Authors: Yan Hewei , Yin Xiaojun , Wang Dong , Han Ting , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSupramolecular polymers based on chiral macrocycles have attracted increasing attention in the field of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) owing to their unique properties. However, the construction of macrocyclic supramolecular polymers with highly efficient CPL properties in aggregate states still remains challenging. Herein, w e constructed a class of macrocycle‐based coordination polymers by combining the planar chiral properties of pillar[5]arene with the excellent fluorescence properties of aggregation‐induced emission luminogens. The formation of polymers enhances both the fluorescence and chiral properties, resulting in chiral supramolecular polymers with remarkable CPL properties. Increasing the aggregation degree of the polymers can further improve their CPL properties, as evidenced by a 21‐fold increase in the dissymmetry factor and an over 25‐fold increase in the fluorescence quantum yield in the aggregate state compared to the solution state. Such a synergistic effect of polymerization‐ and aggregation‐enhanced CPL can be explained by the restriction of intramolecular motions and aggregation‐induced conformation confinement. This work provides a promising method for developing highly efficient CPL supramolecular polymers.
Large‐Scale On‐Chip Integration of Gate‐Voltage Addressable Hybrid Superconductor–Semiconductor Quantum Wells Field Effect Nano‐Switch Arrays
Authors: Delfanazari Kaveh , Li Jiahui , Ma Pengcheng , Puddy Reuben K. , Yi Teng , Xiong Yusheng , Farrer Ian , Komori Sachio , Robinson Jason W. A. , Ritchie David A. , Kelly Michael J. , Joyce Hannah J. , Smith Charles G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStable, reproducible, scalable, addressable, and controllable hybrid superconductor–semiconductor (S–Sm) junctions and switches are key circuit elements and building blocks of gate‐based quantum processors. The electrostatic field effect produced by the split gate voltages facilitates the realization of nano‐switches that can control the conductance or current in the hybrid S–Sm circuits based on 2D semiconducting electron systems. Here, a novel realization of large‐scale scalable, and gate voltage controllable hybrid field effect quantum chips is experimentally demonstrated. Each chip contains arrays of split gate field effect hybrid junctions, that work as conductance switches, and are made from In0.75Ga0.25As quantum wells integrated with Nb superconducting electronic circuits. Each hybrid junction in the chip can be controlled and addressed through its corresponding source–drain and two global split gate contact pads that allow switching between their (super)conducting and insulating states. A total of 18 quantum chips are fabricated with 144 field effect hybrid Nb‐ In0.75Ga0.25As 2DEG‐Nb quantum wires and the electrical response, switching voltage (on/off) statistics, quantum yield, and reproducibility of several devices at cryogenic temperatures are investigated. The proposed integrated quantum device architecture allows control of individual junctions in a large array on a chip useful for emerging cryogenic quantum technologies.
Vertical 1T’‐WTe2/WS2 Schottky‐Barrier Phototransistor with Polarity‐Switching Behavior
Authors: Ma Jingyi , Wang Jina , Chen Quan , Chen Shengdi , Yang Mengmeng , Sun Yiming , Zheng Zhaoqiang , Huo Nengjie , Yan Yong , Li Jingbo , Gao Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn recent years, 2D reconfigurable phototransistors (RPTs) have been applied in broadband convolutional processing, retinomorphic hardware devices, and non‐volatile memorizers. However, there has been a lack of investigation into all‐2D Schottky junctions used in RPT with polarity control behavior. Herein, a vertically stacked multilayered WS2/WTe2 Schottky RPT is reported. The semimetal characteristics of 1T’‐WTe2 is designed to form a built‐in electric field of 69 meV across the heterojunction and WS2 exhibits gate‐tunable characteristics. Therefore, reconfigurable rectifying behavior and self‐driven bidirectional photo response can be achieved. The phototransistor possesses a gate‐tunable rectification ratio ranging from 10−2 to 105, and the corresponding logic half‐wave rectifier shows excellent switchable rectifying states. Under 635 nm illumination, the responsivity can be adjusted from −1325 to 430 mA W−1 with reversed signs. Meanwhile, the maximum power conversion efficiency is 2.84%, and the specific detectivity is 1.47 × 1012 Jones. The device shows both negative and positive responsivity with linear gate dependence within a voltage window of 10 V. Impressively, nonvolatile photovoltaic performance can be demonstrated by reversing short‐circuit current and open‐circuit voltage by applying and releasing pulsed gate voltage. Finally, reconfigurable polarization behavior, single‐pixel imaging, and the optical logic circuit are applicable to the heterostructure.
Self‐Configured Composites of Ruddlesden‐Popper Perovskite and Pr6O11 as Efficient and Durable Air Electrodes for Reversible Protonic Ceramic Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Xia Jiaojiao , Zhu Feng , He Fan , Xu Kang , Choi YongMan , Chen Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA breakthrough in the development of air electrodes is critical to minimizing the performance deterioration of reversible protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (R‐PCECs), which have demonstrated the potential to be the most promising electrochemical device for energy storage and conversion. Here, a Co‐doped Ruddlesden‐Popper (RP) perovskite with a nominal formula of Pr2Ni0.6Co0.4O4‐δ is reported, which is self‐configured into a composite of Pr4Ni1.8Co1.2O10‐δ (PNCO, 89.57 wt.%) and Pr6O11 (10.43 wt.%), suggested by the X‐ray diffraction refinement. The composite electrodes exhibit improved electrochemical activity with an area‐specific resistance of 0.33 Ω cm2 at 600 °C after being treated with wet air, due primarily to the raised surface exchange, bulk diffusion capabilities, and the increasing amount of Pr6O11 with catalytic activity. The R‐PCECs with the composite electrodes achieve a maximum power density of 1.32 W cm−2 and a current density of 3.09 A cm−2 at 1.3 V with acceptable Faradaic efficiencies at 650 °C. Furthermore, the composite electrodes show benign operational durability in fuel cell mode (‐0.5 A cm−2 for 167 h) and electrolysis mode (+0.5 A cm−2 for 176 h), and promising cycling stability (+/‐0.5 A cm−2) of 124 h at an interval of 2 h.
Quaternary Ammonium‐Free Membranes for Water Electrolysis with 1 m KOH
Authors: Dayan Asridin , Trisno Muhammad Luthfi Akbar , Yang Chaeyeon , Kraglund Mikkel Rykær , Almind Mads Radmer , Hjelm Johan , Jensen Jens Oluf , Aili David , Park Hyun S. , Henkensmeier Dirk 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis has many advantages, its commercialization is impeded by the low alkaline stability of most AEM, due to the fragility of quaternary ammonium groups. Ion solvating membranes (ISM) can be an alternative, but so far require high alkaline concentrations. Here, it is shown that sulfonation of polybenzimidazole results in ISM which swell strongly in 1 m KOH. Crosslinking with dibromoxylene controls the swelling, and after activation conductivities of >100 mS cm−1 can be reached in 1 m KOH. Stability in 1 m KOH at 80 °C is excellent: Conductivity remains unchanged and tensile strength and Young's modulus remains high over the test period of a half year. In an electrolyzer operating with 1 m KOH feed solution at 80 °C, a stable performance is achieved for over 500 h test without failure, suggesting that the high alkaline stability observed in ex situ tests is also achieved in the electrolyzer.
Spontaneously Generated Electrons for CO2 Hydrogenation to Formate at the Microinterface of Air‐Water
Authors: Wang Shuanglong , Shan Shan , Xiao Shan , Liu Feng , Yang Zequn , Li Shuibin , Qiu Zidong , Dong Xiaofeng , Cheng Yuanyuan , Zhang Xinglei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe periphery of the microdroplets exhibits unusual physical properties that are not observed in bulk solutions. This work demonstrates in water microdroplets OH− can spontaneously donate electrons for CO2 hydrogenation to formic acid (FA), which may be driven by a strong electric field at or near the interfaces of water microdroplets. Surprisingly, Cu ions in microdroplets contribute to a 4000 times increase in output of FA. Control experiments show that in water microdroplets, electrons can be deposited by valence alternation of Cu to form Cu speciation, which can promote formate conversion. The authors show for the first time, without using any additives, under ambient conditions water microdroplets can capture CO2 and reduce CO2 to formate, which implies that water microdroplets may have provided a reactor for abiotic reduction reactions in the prebiotic era, thereby synthesizing organic molecules from atmospheric CO2 with a nonenzymatic production power before the advent of biotic reducing types of machinery.
Spectrometry for better soil fertility management in Abbay River Basin
Authors: Tiruneh Gizachew Ayalew , Meshesha Derege Tsegaye , Adgo Enyew , Alemayehu Tiringo Yilak , Fekadu Genetu , Mulualem Temesgen , Demissie Simeneh , Tilahun Kefyialew , Reichert José Miguel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine how soil bunds affected important soil characteristics based on the soil's reflectance in Aba Gerima, an Ethiopian midland of the Abbay River Basin. Soil samples were collected from 0 to 30 cm of the soil depth in 48 plots for soil texture, pH, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (av. P), and available potassium (av. K). Using a spectroradiometer, we evaluated the reflectance of soils that had been air‐dried, pulverized, and sieved. To locate and forecast the change in soil parameters, we employed regression modeling. We identified and predicted soil properties using the models, which were evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error. Soils from bunded plots had less reflection. Higher amounts of clay (61%), OC (2.30%), av. P (13.72 ppm), and av. K (116.55 mg/kg) were found in bunded plots. For calibration data,R2was 0.93, 0.83, and 0.82 for clay, sand, and OC contents, respectively. Spectroradiometry could therefore complement conventional soil analysis. More study is needed to enhance spectroscopy's prediction performance.