bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Agustin Elina , Rahadju Endah Budi , Hidayat Taufik 
Published: October 2023

Pembelajaran matematika merupakan pembelajaran yang sering dianggap sulit oleh sebagian peserta didik. Hal ini dikarenakan matematika yang bersifat abstrak, sehingga peserta didik kurang memiliki minat untuk mempelajarinya dan mereka cenderung kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran. Kurangnya keterlibatan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran dikarenakan motivasi belajar peserta didik yang rendah sehingga peserta didik pasif dan cenderung jenuh dalam mengikuti pembelajaran matematika. Untuk memperoleh hasil belajar yang optimal utamanya keterlibatan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran, pendidik dituntut kreatif membangkitkan motivasi belajar peserta didik salah satunya dengan menerapkan model problem based learning (PBL). Pembelajaran dengan model problem based learning (PBL) ini mengharuskan keterlibatan peserta didik secara aktif dalam belajar yang dimulai dengan pemecahan suatu masalah. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas VII-F SMP Negeri 2 Kertosono pada pembelajaran matematika dengan menerapkan model problem based learning (PBL). Subjek penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik kelas VII-F SMP Negeri 2 Kertosono dengan jumlah 32 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpul data penelitian ini berupa observasi, hasil belajar peserta didik dan angket motivasi belajar peserta didik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase rata-rata motivasi belajar peserta didik dari pembelajaran siklus I dan siklus II berturut-turut adalah 77% dan 84%. Artinya terjadi peningkatan rata-rata persentase motivasi belajar peserta didik dari pembelajaran siklus I ke siklus II yaitu sebesar 7%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model problem based learning (PBL) dalam pembelajaran matematika mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas VII-F SMP Negeri 2 Kertosono.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (LKPD) BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA MATERI STATISTIKA DI SMA NEGERI 1 BATIPUH KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR
Authors: Putri Yulya Eka , Suryani Mulia , Yunita Alfi 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tidak adanya media ajar lain, seperti halnya penggunaan LKPD. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangankan LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada Materi Statistika Di SMA Negeri 1 Batipuh Kabupaten Tanah Datar yang valid dan praktis.Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Batipuh. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu research and development (R&D) dengan model Plomp (2013). Tahap yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini hanya dua tahap, yaitu tahap 1 (Investigasi awal) dan tahap 2 (prototype phase) untuk merangkap uji validitas dan praktikalitas. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah amgket validasi, angket praktikalitas dan wawancara. Berdasarkan penilaian validator, diperoleh hasil validitas yaitu 88,58% dengan kriteria sangat valid. Hasil praktikalitas LKPD pembelajaran dengan uji kelompok kecil dengan delapan belas orsng peserta didik memeproleh nilai akhir 88% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD berbasis PBL pada materi statistika di SMA Negeri 1 Batipuh Kabupaten Tanah Datar dinyatakan valid dan praktis digunakan oleh guru dan peserta didik.
Monolithic AM façade: multi-objective parametric design optimization of additively manufactured insulating wall elements
Authors: Briels David , Renz Mauritz , Nouman Ahmad Saleem , Straßer Alexander , Hechtl Maximilian , Dahlenburg Maximilian , Knychalla Bruno , Sonnleitner Patrick , Herding Friedrich , Fleckenstein Julia , Krakovská Ema , Dörfler Kathrin , Auer Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers transformative opportunities to create functionally hybridized, insulating, monolithic AM wall elements. The novel fabrication methods of AM allow for the production of highly differentiated building components with intricate internal and external geometries, aiming for reduced material use while integrating and enhancing building performance features including thermal insulation performance. This study focuses on integrating such thermal insulation performance by leveraging the individual features of three distinct AM processes: Selective Paste Intrusion (SPI), Selective Cement Activation (SCA), and Extrusion 3D Concrete Printing (E3DCP). Using a simulation-based parametric design approach, this research investigates 4,500 variations of monolithic AM façade elements derived from a generative hexagonal cell layout with differing wall widths, the three respective AM processes, different material compositions with and without lightweight aggregates, and three different insulation strategies, namely, air-filled cells, encapsulated lightweight aggregates, and additional insulation material within the cavities. Thermal performance feedback is realized via 2D heat flux simulations embedded into a parametric design workflow, and structural performance is considered in a simplified way via geometric and material-specific evaluation. The overall research goal is a multi-objective design optimization, particularly identifying façade configurations that achieve a U-value of less than 0.28 W/m2K and a theoretical compressive strength exceeding 2.70 MN per meter wall length. The results of this study detect 7% of all generated variations in line with these thermal and structural requirements, validating the feasibility of monolithic, thermally insulating AM wall elements. The presented workflow contributes to exploiting the potential of a new design of functionally hybridized AM components.
School (socie)ties: individual and school level differences in the association between ethnic/racial victimization and academic functioning
Authors: da Cunha Josafá M. , Santo Jonathan B. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe current study aimed to expand on the existing literature by examining the effect of race-based victimization on academic functioning in a nation-wide sample of Brazilian youth.MethodsThe ENEM 2009 dataset contained academic functioning scores of 795,924 Brazilian students from 25,488 schools.ResultsAbove and beyond the effect of general victimization, ethnic/racial victimization was significantly negatively related to academic functioning with differences across ethnic/racial groups in the effects. More interesting is that diversity climate at the school level buffered the association between ethnic/racial victimization and academic functioning. The effects were further qualified by school level ethnic/racial diversity and victimization.DiscussionThe current findings illustrate the pernicious effects of ethnic/racial victimization even after controlling for other forms of victimization. Moreover, differences in these associations across schools were accounted for using a combination of school level racial diversity and victimization with school level diversity climate emerging as a buffer of the effects of ethnic/racial victimization.
Effect of pulverisation on sulfide and tin antimonide anodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Priyanka P. , Nalini B. , Soundarya G. G. , Christopher Selvin P. , Dutta Dimple P. 
Published: October 2023

Metal sulfides and alloy anodes are a good choice for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) since they have many benefitting advantages such as higher specific capacity, good cyclic stability, and higher rate capability. Tin antimony (Sn2Sb3), as an anode, exhibits a remarkable theoretical capacity of 753 mAhg−1 that has not been realized so far for reaching the theoretical capacity; pulverization of sulfide-based material [copper sulfide (CuS)] along with tin antimonide would be a better option for obtaining a high-performance anode for SIBs. Hence, an attempt is made to study the pulverisation effects of these two materials when employed as an anode for SIBs. The pulverised compound CuS: Sn2Sb3 delivers an initial discharge capacity of 659 mAhg−1 at 0.1 Ag−1 vs. Na/Na+ with high stability retaining up to 100% efficiency over 100 cycles. The present work highlights the structural changes upon pulverisation and its impact on delivering higher capacity.
Capturing heart valve development with Gene Ontology
Authors: Ahmed Saadullah H. , Deng Alexander T. , Huntley Rachael P. , Campbell Nancy H. , Lovering Ruth C. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The normal development of all heart valves requires highly coordinated signaling pathways and downstream mediators. While genomic variants can be responsible for congenital valve disease, environmental factors can also play a role. Later in life valve calcification is a leading cause of aortic valve stenosis, a progressive disease that may lead to heart failure. Current research into the causes of both congenital valve diseases and valve calcification is using a variety of high-throughput methodologies, including transcriptomics, proteomics and genomics. High quality genetic data from biological knowledge bases are essential to facilitate analyses and interpretation of these high-throughput datasets. The Gene Ontology (GO, http://geneontology.org/) is a major bioinformatics resource used to interpret these datasets, as it provides structured, computable knowledge describing the role of gene products across all organisms. The UCL Functional Gene Annotation team focuses on GO annotation of human gene products. Having identified that the GO annotations included in transcriptomic, proteomic and genomic data did not provide sufficient descriptive information about heart valve development, we initiated a focused project to address this issue.Methods: This project prioritized 138 proteins for GO annotation, which led to the curation of 100 peer-reviewed articles and the creation of 400 heart valve development-relevant GO annotations.Results: While the focus of this project was heart valve development, around 600 of the 1000 annotations created described the broader cellular role of these proteins, including those describing aortic valve morphogenesis, BMP signaling and endocardial cushion development. Our functional enrichment analysis of the 28 proteins known to have a role in bicuspid aortic valve disease confirmed that this annotation project has led to an improved interpretation of a heart valve genetic dataset.Discussion: To address the needs of the heart valve research community this project has provided GO annotations to describe the specific roles of key proteins involved in heart valve development. The breadth of GO annotations created by this project will benefit many of those seeking to interpret a wide range of cardiovascular genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic datasets.
Case report: Paternal uniparental disomy on chromosome 7 and homozygous SUGCT mutation in a fetus with overweight after birth
Authors: Bu Xiufen , Li Xu , Peng Can , Li Hongyu , Zhou Shihao , Zhu Zesen , He Jun , Linpeng Siyuan 
Published: October 2023

Background: Paternal uniparental disomy (UPD) of chromosome 7 is extremely rare, and only a few postnatal cases have been reported. The effects on growth were discordant in these cases, and the relevance of paternal UPD(7) to growth caused by imprinting remains questionable.Case presentation: Here, we report a prenatal case that underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis due to the high risk of Down’s syndrome and failed noninvasive prenatal screening. The fetus had a normal karyotype and no apparent copy number variation. Homozygous copy-neutral regions on chromosome 7 were identified using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array; the data for the parent–child trios showed that the fetus carried the whole paternal isodisomy of chromosome 7. Whole exome and Sanger sequencing revealed a homozygous frameshift mutation in SUGCT at 7p14.1, from the heterozygous carrier father, with no contribution from the mother. The parents decided to continue with the pregnancy after genetic counseling, and the neonate had normal physical findings at birth and showed overweight after birth during a long-term intensive follow-up.Conclusion: We report the first prenatal case who carried paternal UPD(7) and homozygous SUGCT mutation with an overweight phenotype after birth. The overweight may be caused by paternal UPD(7) or homozygous frameshift mutation of SUGCT, or both of them, but it is unclear which contributes more.
Hedgehog costimulation during ischemia-reperfusion injury potentiates cytokine and homing responses of CD4+ T cells
Authors: Wang Shaoxun , Song Guiyu , Barkestani Mahsa Nouri , Tobiasova Zuzana , Wang Qianxun , Jiang Quan , Lopez Roberto , Adelekan-Kamara Yasmin , Fan Matthew , Pober Jordan S. , Tellides George , Jane-wit Dan 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionIschemia reperfusion injury (IRI) confers worsened outcomes and is an increasing clinical problem in solid organ transplantation. Previously, we identified a “PtchHi” T-cell subset that selectively received costimulatory signals from endothelial cell-derived Hedgehog (Hh) morphogens to mediate IRI-induced vascular inflammation.MethodsHere, we used multi-omics approaches and developed a humanized mouse model to resolve functional and migratory heterogeneity within the PtchHi population. ResultsHh-mediated costimulation induced oligoclonal and polyclonal expansion of clones within the PtchHi population, and we visualized three distinct subsets within inflamed, IRI-treated human skin xenografts exhibiting polyfunctional cytokine responses. One of these PtchHi subsets displayed features resembling recently described T peripheral helper cells, including elaboration of IFN-y and IL-21, expression of ICOS and PD-1, and upregulation of positioning molecules conferring recruitment and retention within peripheral but not lymphoid tissues. PtchHi T cells selectively homed to IRI-treated human skin xenografts to cause accelerated allograft loss, and Hh signaling was sufficient for this process to occur. DiscussionOur studies define functional heterogeneity among a PtchHi T-cell population implicated in IRI.
Mucosal immune alterations at the early onset of tissue destruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: de Fays Charlotte , Geudens Vincent , Gyselinck Iwein , Kerckhof Pieterjan , Vermaut Astrid , Goos Tinne , Vermant Marie , Beeckmans Hanne , Kaes Janne , Van Slambrouck Jan , Mohamady Yousry , Willems Lynn , Aversa Lucia , Cortesi Emanuela E. , Hooft Charlotte , Aerts Gitte , Aelbrecht Celine , Everaerts Stephanie , McDonough John E. , De Sadeleer Laurens J. , Gohy Sophie , Ambroise Jerome , Janssens Wim , Ceulemans Laurens J. , Van Raemdonck Dirk , Vos Robin , Hackett Tillie L. , Hogg James C. , Kaminski Naftali , Gayan-Ramirez Ghislaine , Pilette Charles , Vanaudenaerde Bart M. 
Published: October 2023

RationaleCOPD is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, small airways changes, with disappearance and obstruction, and also distal/alveolar destruction (emphysema). The chronology by which these three features evolve with altered mucosal immunity remains elusive. This study assessed the mucosal immune defense in human control and end-stage COPD lungs, by detailed microCT and RNA transcriptomic analysis of diversely affected zones.MethodsIn 11 control (non-used donors) and 11 COPD (end-stage) explant frozen lungs, 4 cylinders/cores were processed per lung for microCT and tissue transcriptomics. MicroCT was used to quantify tissue percentage and alveolar surface density to classify the COPD cores in mild, moderate and severe alveolar destruction groups, as well as to quantify terminal bronchioles in each group. Transcriptomics of each core assessed fold changes in innate and adaptive cells and pathway enrichment score between control and COPD cores. Immunostainings of immune cells were performed for validation.ResultsIn mildly affected zones, decreased defensins and increased mucus production were observed, along CD8+ T cell accumulation and activation of the IgA pathway. In more severely affected zones, CD68+ myeloid antigen-presenting cells, CD4+ T cells and B cells, as well as MHCII and IgA pathway genes were upregulated. In contrast, terminal bronchioles were decreased in all COPD cores.ConclusionSpatial investigation of end-stage COPD lungs show that mucosal defense dysregulation with decreased defensins and increased mucus and IgA responses, start concomitantly with CD8+ T-cell accumulation in mild emphysema zones, where terminal bronchioles are already decreased. In contrast, adaptive Th and B cell activation is observed in areas with more advanced tissue destruction. This study suggests that in COPD innate immune alterations occur early in the tissue destruction process, which affects both the alveoli and the terminal bronchioles, before the onset of an adaptive immune response.
Augmented thrombin formation is related to circulating levels of extracellular vesicles exposing tissue factor and citrullinated histone-3 in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides
Authors: Jonasdottir Asta Dogg , Manojlovic Milena , Vojinovic Jelena , Nordin Annica , Bruchfeld Annette , Gunnarsson Iva , Mobarrez Fariborz , Antovic Aleksandra 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo study circulating myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive extracellular vesicles (MPO+EVs) exposing citrullinated histone-3 (H3Cit), tissue factor (TF), and plasminogen (Plg) in association to thrombin generation in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV).MethodsWe have involved well-characterized patients with AAV together with population-based controls. Flow cytometry was used to assess the levels of MPO+EVs in citrated plasma. MPO+EVs were phenotyped by anti-MPO-antibodies together with anti-CD142 (anti-TF), anti-H3Cit, and anti-Plg antibodies. A modified Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) assay was utilized to measure thrombin generation in plasma initiated by EVs-enriched pellets. The activity of AAV was evaluated with the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS).ResultsThis study comprised 46 AAV patients, 23 in the active stage of the disease and 23 in remission, as well as 23 age- and sex matched population-based controls. Augmented levels of all investigated MPO+ EVs were found in active AAV patients in comparison to the subgroup of patients in remission and controls. Thrombin generation, measured by endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) and peak of thrombin formation, was higher in plasma when triggered by EVs-enriched pellet from AAV patients. ETP and peak were associated with the levels of MPO+TF+ and MPO+H3Cit+ EVs. Additionally, MPO+TF+ EVs correlated with the disease activity evaluated with BVAS.ConclusionAugmented thrombin generation is found in AAV patients regardless of disease activity and is associated with higher exposure of TF and H3Cit on MPO+EVs. This may contribute to the increased risk of thrombosis seen in AAV patients.
Specific neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated with functional decline trajectories in Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy body dementia: a five-year follow-up study
Authors: Borda Miguel Germán , Brønnick Kolbjørn Kallesten , Garcia-Cifuentes Elkin , Jaramillo-Jimenez Alberto , Reyes-Ortiz Carlos , Patricio-Baldera Jonathan , Soennesyn Hogne , Pérez-Zepeda Mario Ulises , Vik-Mo Audun Osland , Aarsland Dag 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundNeuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are often overlooked and under-identified symptoms associated with dementia, despite their significant impact on the prognosis of individuals living with the disease. The specific role of certain NPS in functional prognosis remains unclear.AimsTo determine the association of different NPS with functional decline in people living with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or Lewy body dementia (LBD).MethodsThis is an analysis of data from the Dementia Study of Western Norway (DemVest) with 196 patients included of which 111 had AD and 85 LBD. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the Rapid Disability Rating Scale (RDRS-2) for activities of daily living were administered annually for 5 years. NPI total score and individual items with RDRS-2 trajectories were analyzed with linear mixed models.ResultsThe LBD group exhibited higher levels of functional impairment and a greater burden of NPS at baseline. Over the 5-year follow-up, hallucinations, aggression, depression, anxiety, apathy, disinhibition, aberrant motor behavior, nighttime behavior disturbances, and abnormal eating patterns were significantly associated with the decline in functional abilities in individuals with AD, as well as irritability and aberrant motor behavior in those with LBD.DiscussionThese results highlight the relevance of early detection and intervention of these particularly relevant NPS, due to its potential of also impacting physical function. Better detection and management of these NPS could improve functional prognosis in people living with dementia.ConclusionSpecific NPS demonstrate relevant distinct associations with Longitudinal trajectories of functional decline in AD and LBD.
Role of aggressive locoregional surgery in treatment strategies for ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis of breast cancer: a real-world cohort study
Authors: Feng Kexin , Xing Zeyu , Dai Qichen , Cheng Han , Wang Xiang 
Published: October 2023

Background: Breast cancer patients with synchronous ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastases (ISLNM) have unfavorable prognoses. The role of supraclavicular lymph node dissection (SLND) as a surgical intervention in the treatment of this condition remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with breast cancer with ISLNM and to assess the potential impact of aggressive locoregional surgical management on patient outcomes.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 250 breast cancer patients with ISLNM who were treated with curative intent at our institution between 2000 and 2020. The cohort was stratified into groups based on the extent of axillary surgery. The first group, comprising 185 patients, underwent level I/II axillary dissection. The second group, consisting of 65 patients, underwent aggressive locoregional surgery, including levels I/II/III (infraclavicular) dissection in 37 patients and levels I/II/III + SLND in 28 patients. Our study evaluated overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) as primary endpoints, and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) as secondary endpoints.Results: The median follow-up time among all patients was 5.92 years (1.05–15.36 years). The 5-year OS rate was 71.89%, while the DFS rate, LRRFS rate, and DMFS rates were 59.25%, 66.38%, and 64.98%, respectively. A significant difference in OS, DFS, LRRFS, and DMFS was observed between the second group and the first group (p &lt; 0.01). No beneficial impact on recurrence, metastasis, or survival outcomes was observed in the levels I/II/III + SLND group compared to the levels I/II/III dissection group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that levels I/II/III ± SLND surgery and T stage were associated with OS (p = 0.006 and p = 0.026), while levels I/II/III ± SLND surgery, ER+/HER2-, and histologic grade were associated with DFS (p = 0.032, p = 0.001, p = 0.032).Conclusion: Breast cancer with ISLNM may be considered a locoregional disease, requiring a combination of systemic and local therapies. Aggressive locoregional surgery has been shown to positively impact recurrence, metastasis, and survival outcomes. This approach may provide improved management of the ISLNM for breast cancer patients.