bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning Stoichiometry for Enhanced Spin‐Charge Interconversion in Transition Metal Oxides
Authors: Chen Hetian , Jiang Dingsong , Zhang Qinghua , Liang Yuhan , Liu Jingchun , Tang Aihua , Chai Yahong , Yu Pu , Nan Tianxiang , Yi Di 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInterconversion of spin and charge current provides a key route for low‐power spin memory and logic devices. Recent advances have revealed efficient spin‐charge interconversion in 4d and 5d transition metal oxides. However, the strategies to tune the conversion efficiency, essential for the generation and detection of spin‐current, are limited to engineering the crystalline structure of oxides. Here, a simple and broadly applicable approach by tuning the cation stoichiometry is reported. In the model system of 5d perovskite SrIrO3, it is shown that a significant Ir cation deficiency is induced by controlling the oxygen partial pressure during deposition. This off‐stoichiometry leads to an enhancement of the spin‐to‐charge conversion efficiency by around three times, accompanied by an increase of electrical resistivity at room temperature. Furthermore, a significant increase of inverse spin Hall voltage is observed by implementing the Ir‐deficient SrIr1‐xO3, highlighting the promising role of atomic defects in developing oxides for sensitive spin‐current detection. This work opens a new pathway to engineer the spin‐charge interconversion efficiency in oxides and offers new opportunities to integrate complex oxides in energy‐efficient spintronic devices.
Rapid cycle deliberate practice to improve airway skills and performance of trainees in a pediatric emergency department
Authors: Edmunds Katherine J. , Shah Ashish , Geis Gary L. , Kerrey Benjamin T. , Klein Gina , DeBra Rebecca , Zhang Yin , Ahaus Karen , Boyd Stephanie , Thomas Phillip , Dean Preston 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study objective was to determine the effect of a rapid cycle deliberate practice (RCDP) program on simulated and actual airway skills by pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows.MethodsWe designed and implemented a 12‐month RCDP airway skills curriculum for PEM fellows at an academic pediatric institution. The curriculum was designed using airway training literature, RCDP principals, and internal quality assurance airway video review program. Simulation training scenarios increased in complexity throughout the curriculum. PEM fellows participated in monthly sessions. Two PEM faculty facilitated the sessions, utilizing a step‐by‐step objective structured clinical evaluation (OSCE)‐style tool for each scenario. Data were collected for all four levels of the Kirkpatrick Model of Training Evaluation—participant response (reaction, pre–post session survey), skills performance in the simulation setting (learning, pre–post OSCE), skills performance for actual patients (behavior, video review), and patient outcomes (results, video review).ResultsDuring the study period (August 2021 to June 2022), 13 PEM fellows participated in 112 sessions (mean nine sessions per fellow). PEM fellows reported improved comfort in all domains of airway management, including intubation performance. Participant OSCE scores improved posttraining (pretraining median score for trainees 57 [IQR 57–59], posttraining median 61 [IQR 61–62], p = 0.0005). Over the 12 months, PEM fellows performed 45 intubation attempts in the pediatric emergency department (median patient age 4 years [IQR 1–9 years]). Compared to a 5‐year historical cohort, participants had higher first‐pass success (87% vs. 71%, p = 0.028) and shorter attempt duration (22 s vs. 29 s, p = 0.018). There was no significant difference in the frequency of oxyhemoglobin desaturation in the training period versus the historical period (7% vs. 15%, p = 0.231).ConclusionsAt multiple levels of educational outcomes, including participant behavior and patient outcomes, an RCDP program was associated with improved airway skills and performance of PEM fellows.
Stellate ganglion block for treating post‐COVID‐19 parosmia
Authors: Naimi Bita R. , Garvey Emily , Chandna Megha , Duffy Alexander , Hunter Stephanie R. , Mandloi Shreya , Kahn Chase , Farquhar Douglas , D'Souza Glen , Rabinowitz Mindy , Rosen Marc , Toskala Elina , Roedl Johannes B. , Zoga Adam , Nyquist Gurston , Rosen David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPost‐COVID parosmia may be due to dysautonomia and sympathetic hyperresponsiveness, which can be attenuated by stellate ganglion block (SGB). This study evaluates SGB as a treatment for post‐COVID olfactory dysfunction (OD).MethodsRetrospective case series with prospective data of patients with post‐COVID OD undergoing unilateral (UL) or bilateral (BL) SGB. Patients completed Brief Smell Identification Tests (BSIT) (12 points maximum) and post‐procedure surveys including parosmia severity scores on a scale of 1 (absent) to 10 (severe). Scores were compared from before treatment (pre‐SGB) to after first (SGB1) or second (SGB2) treatments in overall, UL, and BL cohorts.ResultsForty‐seven patients with post‐COVID OD underwent SGB, including 23 UL and 24 BL. Twenty patients completed pre‐ and post‐SGB BSITs (eight UL and 12 BL). Twenty‐eight patients completed postprocedure surveys (11 UL and 17 BL). There were no differences in BSIT scores from pre‐SGB to post‐SGB1 or post‐SGB2 for the overall (p = 0.098), UL (p = 0.168), or BL (p = 0.230) cohorts. Parosmia severity for the overall cohort improved from pre‐SGB (8.82 ± 1.28) to post‐SGB1 (6.79 ± 2.38) and post‐SGB2 (5.41 ± 2.35), with significant differences from pre‐SGB to post‐SGB1 (p < 0.001) and pre‐SGB to post‐SGB2 (p < 0.001), but not post‐SGB1 to post‐SGB2 (p = 0.130). Number of parosmia triggers decreased for overall (p = 0.002), UL (p = 0.030) and BL (p = 0.024) cohorts. Quality of life (QOL) improved for all cohorts regarding food enjoyment, meal preparation, and socialization (p < 0.05).ConclusionSGB may improve subjective parosmia and QOL for patients with post‐COVID OD, however it may not affect odor identification. Further placebo‐controlled studies are warranted.
Enhanced Charge Carrier Dynamics on Sb2Se3 Photocathodes for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Ren Shijie , Gao Rui‐Ting , Nguyen Nhat Truong , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAmmonia (NH3) is recognized as a transportable carrier for renewable energy fuels. Photoelectrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (PEC NO3RR) offers a sustainable solution for nitrate‐rich wastewater treatment by directly converting solar energy to ammonia. In this study, we demonstrate the highly selective PEC ammonia production from NO3RR by constructing a CoCu/TiO2/Sb2Se3 photocathode. The constructed CoCu/TiO2/Sb2Se3 photocathode achieves an ammonia Faraday efficiency (FE) of 88.01 % at −0.2 VRHE and an ammonia yield as high as 15.91 μmol h−1 cm−2 at −0.3 VRHE with an excellent onset potential of 0.43 VRHE. Dynamics experiments and theoretical calculations have demonstrated that the CoCu/TiO2/Sb2Se3 photocathode possesses high light absorption capacity, excellent carrier transfer capability, and high charge separation and transfer efficiencies. The photocathode can effectively adsorb the reactant NO3− and intermediate, and the CoCu co‐catalyst increases the maximum Gibbs free energy difference between NO3RR and HER. Meanwhile, the Co species enhances the spin density of Cu, and increases the density of states near the Fermi level in pdos, which results in a high PEC NO3RR activity on CoCu/TiO2/Sb2Se3. This work provides a new avenue for the feasibility of efficient PEC ammonia synthesis from nitrate‐rich wastewater.
Divergent Synthesis of Multi‐Substituted Aminotetralins via [4+2] Annulation of Aldimines with Alkenes by Rare‐Earth‐Catalyzed Benzylic C(sp3)−H Activation
Authors: Cong Xuefeng , Zhuo Qingde , Hao Na , Mishra Aniket , Nishiura Masayoshi , Hou Zhaomin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe search for efficient and selective methods for the divergent synthesis of multi‐substituted aminotetralins is of much interest and importance. We report herein for the first time the diastereoselective [4+2] annulation of 2‐methyl aromatic aldimines with alkenes via benzylic C(sp3)−H activation by half‐sandwich rare‐earth catalysts, which constitutes an efficient route for the divergent synthesis of both trans and cis diastereoisomers of multi‐substituted 1‐aminotetralin derivatives from readily accessible aldimines and alkenes. The use of a scandium catalyst bearing a sterically demanding cyclopentadienyl ligand such as C5Me4SiMe3 or C5Me5 exclusively afforded the trans‐selective annulation products in the reaction of aldimines with styrenes and aliphatic alkenes. In contrast, the analogous yttrium catalyst, whose metal ion size is larger than that of scandium, yielded the cis‐selective annulation products. This protocol features 100 % atom‐efficiency, excellent diastereoselectivity, broad substrate scope, and good functional group compatibility. The reaction mechanisms have been elucidated by kinetic isotope effect (KIE) experiments and the isolation and transformations of some key reaction intermediates.
Stress Dissipation Driven by Multi‐Interface Built‐In Electric Fields and Desert‐Rose‐Like Structure for Ultrafast and Superior Long‐Term Sodium Ion Storage
Authors: Li Jinhang , Yu Huiying , Zhao Yingying , Zhu Kai , Zhu Chunling , Ren Jing , Chou Shulei , Chen Yujin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe kinetics and durability of conversion‐based anodes greatly depend on the intrinsic stress regulating ability of the electrode materials, which has been significantly neglected. Herein, a stress dissipation strategy driven by multi‐interface built‐in electric fields (BEFs) and architected structure, is innovatively proposed to design ultrafast and long‐term sodium ion storage anodes. Binary Mo/Fe sulfide heterostructured nanorods with multi‐interface BEFs and staggered cantilever configuration are fabricated to prove our concept. Multi‐physics simulations and experimental results confirm that the inner stress in multiple directions can be dissipated by the multi‐interface BEFs at the micro‐scale, and by the staggered cantilever structure at the macro‐scale, respectively. As a result, our designed heterostructured nanorods anode exhibits superb rate capability (332.8 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1) and durable cyclic stability over 900 cycles at 5.0 A g−1, outperforming other metal chalcogenides. This proposed stress dissipation strategy offers a new insight for developing stable structures for conversion‐based anodes.
Anion‐Counterion Strategy toward Organic Cocrystal Engineering for Near‐Infrared Photothermal Conversion and Solar‐Driven Water Evaporation
Authors: Zhang Meng‐Meng , Chen Shun‐Li , Bao An‐Ran , Chen Yanqi , Liang Hui , Ji Shaomin , Chen Jiecheng , Ye Bowei , Yang Qingwei , Liu Yuli , Li Jiayu , Chen Wenbin , Huang Xinda , Ni Shaofei , Dang Li , Li Ming‐De 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn anion‐counterion strategy is proposed to construct organic mono‐radical charge‐transfer cocrystals for near‐infrared photothermal conversion and solar‐driven water evaporation. Ionic compounds with halogen anions as the counterions serve as electron donors, providing the necessary electrons for efficient charge transfer with unchanged skeleton atoms and structures as well as the broad red‐shifted absorption (200–2000 nm) and unprecedented photothermal conversion efficiency (~90.5 %@808 nm) for the cocrystals. Based on these cocrystals, an excellent solar‐driven interfacial water evaporation rate up to 6.1±1.1 kg ⋅ m−2 ⋅ h−1 under 1 sun is recorded due to the comprehensive evaporation effect from the cocrystal loading in polyurethane foams and chimney addition, such performance is superior to the reported results on charge‐transfer cocrystals or other materials for solar‐driven interfacial evaporation. This prototype exhibits the great potential of cocrystals prepared by the one‐step mechanochemistry method in practical large‐scale seawater desalination applications.
Dye‐Sensitized Photocatalysis: Hydrogen Evolution and Alcohol‐to‐Aldehyde Oxidation without Sacrifical Electron Donor
Authors: Romito Deborah , Govind Chinju , Nikolaou Vasilis , Fernández‐Terán Ricardo J. , Stoumpidi Aspasia , Agapaki Eleni , Charalambidis Georgios , Diring Stéphane , Vauthey Eric , Coutsolelos Athanassios G. , Odobel Fabrice 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere is a growing interest in developing dye‐sensitized photocatalytic systems (DSPs) to produce molecular hydrogen (H2) as alternative energy source. To improve the sustainability of this technology, we replaced the sacrificial electron donor (SED), typically an expensive and polluting chemical, with an alcohol oxidation catalyst. This study demonstrates the firstdye‐sensitized system using a diketopyrrolopyrrole dye covalently linked to 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidine‐N‐oxyl (TEMPO) based catalyst for simultaneous H2 evolution and alcohol‐to‐aldehyde transformation operating in water with visible irradiation.
Sulfonylurea receptor 2 (SUR2), intricate sensors for intracellular Mg‐nucleotides
Authors: Hou Tianyi , Chen Lei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSUR2, similar to SUR1, is a regulatory subunit of the ATP‐sensitive potassium channel (KATP), which plays a key role in numerous important physiological processes and is implicated in various diseases. Recent structural studies have revealed that, like SUR1, SUR2 can undergo ligand‐dependent dynamic conformational changes, transitioning between an inhibitory inward‐facing conformation and an activating occluded conformation. In addition, SUR2 possesses a unique inhibitory Regulatory helix (R helix) that is absent in SUR1. The binding of the activating Mg‐ADP to NBD2 of SUR2 competes with the inhibitory Mg‐ATP, thereby promoting the release of the R helix and initiating the activation process. Moreover, the signal generated by Mg‐ADP binding to NBD2 might be directly transmitted to the TMD of SUR2, prior to NBD dimerization. Furthermore, the C‐terminal 42 residues (C42) of SUR2 might allosterically regulate the kinetics of Mg‐nucleotide binding on NBD2. These distinctive properties render SUR2 intricate sensors for intracellular Mg‐nucleotides.
Antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and epigenetic potential of curcumin in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Abdul‐Rahman Toufik , Awuah Wireko Andrew , Mikhailova Tatiana , Kalmanovich Jacob , Mehta Aashna , Ng Jyi Cheng , Coghlan Megan Ariel , Zivcevska Marija , Tedeschi Alexander J. , de Oliveira Emerson Costa , Kumar Akinchita , Cantu‐Herrera Emiliano , Lyndin Mykola , Sikora Kateryna , Alexiou Athanasios , Bilgrami Anwar L. , Al‐Ghamdi Khalid Mohammed , Perveen Asma , Papadakis Marios , Ashraf Ghulam Md 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) constitutes a multifactorial neurodegenerative pathology characterized by cognitive deterioration, personality alterations, and behavioral shifts. The ongoing brain impairment process poses significant challenges for therapeutic interventions due to activating multiple neurotoxic pathways. Current pharmacological interventions have shown limited efficacy and are associated with significant side effects. Approaches focusing on the early interference with disease pathways, before activation of broad neurotoxic processes, could be promising to slow down symptomatic progression of the disease. Curcumin—an integral component of traditional medicine in numerous cultures worldwide—has garnered interest as a promising AD treatment. Current research indicates that curcumin may exhibit therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative pathologies, attributed to its potent anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Additionally, curcumin and its derivatives have demonstrated an ability to modulate cellular pathways via epigenetic mechanisms. This article aims to raise awareness of the neuroprotective properties of curcuminoids that could provide therapeutic benefits in AD. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the neuroprotective efficacy of curcumin against signaling pathways that could be involved in AD and summarizes recent evidence of the biological efficiency of curcumins in vivo.
(Benz)imidazo[1,2‐a]quinolinium Salts: Access via Unprecedented Regiospecific non‐AAIPEX Strategy and Study of Their Tunable Properties
Authors: Bauri Somnath , Ramachandran Arya , Rit Arnab 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn unprecedented non‐AAIPEX protocol has been developed to access diverse monosubstituted cationic polycyclic heteroaromatic compounds (cPHACs) from the readily available azolium salts and phenacyl bromides via Ru(II)‐catalyzed tandem annulation cum aromatization. This atom‐economic protocol executes a range of intermediate steps e. g. double C−H activation, nucleophilic addition, annulation, and dehydration cum aromatization in one‐pot manner under the generation of H2O as the sole byproduct. Moreover, the systematic tunability of photo‐physical and electrochemical properties of these new class of cPHACs can be authenticated from the DFT calculated frontier molecular orbital energies that might be beneficial for their potential applications in optoelectronics and DNA intercalation.
Pd‐Catalysed Direct Arylation of Distyrylbenzene: Strong Dual‐state Fluorescence and Electrochromism
Authors: Nipate Atul B. , Rao M. Rajeswara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDistyrylbenzenes (DSBs) are well‐known for their strong multicolour fluorescence. Fluorescence tuning of DSB via further functionalization/arylation, on the other hand, is uncommon. This paper reports a Pd‐catalysed direct arylation approach for introducing different aryl groups onto fluorobenzene‐containing DSB moiety (7) in high yields (67–72 %). The versatile methodology allows the substitution of neutral [tolyl (1)], electron‐deficient [p‐formyl benzene (2), p‐acetyl benzene (3), p‐nitrobenzene (4)] and electron‐rich [carbazole (5), triphenylamine (6)] aryl groups. The electron‐deficient aryls render mono‐substitution, while the electron‐rich counterparts promote di‐substitution. The compounds (1–6) show blue, green, and yellow fluorescence in both the solution and solid states; the fluorescence quantum yields reach >98 % and the peak maxima span from 425 to 560 nm. The mono‐carbazole DSB (5) exhibit white light emission (WLM) in polar solvents (acetone, DMF, CH3CN, DMSO and NMP) with very high fluorescence quantum yields (φf) of 60–80 %. For WLM, such high efficiency (φf) is somewhat uncommon. Moreover, visible‐to‐NIR reversible electrochromism is demonstrated by the TPA‐integrated DSB (6). The colour of 6 changes from pristine light yellow to orange, and the absorption maxima shifts from 372 to 1500 nm when a positive potential of 1.0 V vs Ag/Ag+ is applied. Moreover, the system shows high colouration efficiency in the NIR region with fast switching speeds for colouration and decolouration as fast as 0.98 s and 1.05 s.
Greener Approach Towards Synthesis of Palladium‐Decorated Graphene Derivatives for Hydrogen Adsorption
Authors: Głowniak Sylwia , Szczęśniak Barbara , Choma Jerzy , Jaroniec Mietek 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA simple, green, and relatively fast procedure was used to prepare palladium decorated graphene‐based materials. A parent graphene‐like material with a high specific surface area of up to 384 m2/g and a total pore volume of 0.42 cm3/g was prepared via a fast, solvent‐free ball milling of graphite powder only. Post‐synthetic modification of this graphene‐like material was performed via a simplified method using palladium chloride and a small amount of a non‐harsh reducing agent – formic acid. Palladium decoration (2.1 wt%) allowed obtaining a few times higher hydrogen adsorption (0.42 wt% at 30 °C and 40 bar) compared to that on bare graphene‐based materials. Palladium‐decorated graphene materials are promising for hydrogen storage and their usage in this application represents an alternative for conventional fossil fuels. The proposed synthesis and post‐modification strategies are in line with green synthesis strategies.
Application of Exciton Coupling for Characterization of Nanographene Edge
Authors: Sekiya Ryo , Haino Takeharu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe structural characterization of nonstoichiometric nanographene (NG)‐organic hybrid materials is usually difficult. The number of substituents on the edge and their arrangements are frequently questioned but are difficult to answer. Since the number of functional groups is closely related to the distance between the nearest neighbors (dISD), the extraction of dISD from spectroscopic data could provide important information on their structural characterization. We show that exciton coupling, which is a theoretical prediction of the absolute structures of discrete molecules, is a possible candidate to address this issue. The comparison of the calculated CD spectra of the chiral chromophores extracted from the model NG edge with the observed edge spectra indicated a dISD of ca. 8 Å; this corresponded to substitution on every other armchair edge. Furthermore, an up‐up‐down‐down alternate orientation was found to be a possible edge structure. Although the procedure was limited to NGs carrying chiral substituents, our method could facilitate the detailed structural characterization of NG‐organic hybrid materials.
Amino Acid Polymerization on Silica Surfaces
Authors: Samrout Ola El , Berlier Gloria , Lambert Jean‐François 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe polymerization of unactivated amino acids (AAs) is an important topic because of its applications in various fields including industrial medicinal chemistry and prebiotic chemistry. Silica as a promoter for this reaction, is of great interest owing to its large abundance and low cost. The amide/peptide bond synthesis on silica has been largely demonstrated but suffers from a lack of knowledge regarding its reaction mechanism, the key parameters, and surface features that influence AA adsorption and reactivity, the selectivity of the reaction product, the role of water in the reaction, etc. The present review addresses these problems by summarizing experimental and modeling results from the literature and attempts to rationalize some apparent divergences in published results. After briefly presenting the main types of silica surface sites and other relevant macroscopic features, we discuss the different deposition procedures of AAs, whose importance is often neglected. We address the possible AA adsorption mechanisms including covalent grafting and H‐bonding and show that they are highly dependent on silanol types and density. We then consider how the adsorption mechanisms determine the occurrence and outcome of AA condensation (formation of cyclic dimers or of long linear chains), and outline some recent results that suggest significant polymerization selectivity in systems containing several AAs, as well as the formation of specific elements of secondary structure in the growing polypeptide chains.
Graphene Oxide‐Arginine Composites: Efficient Dual Function Materials for Integrated CO2 Capture and Conversion
Authors: Mantovani Sebastiano , Pintus Angela , Kovtun Alessandro , Gondolini Angela , Casadio Simone , Sanson Alessandra , Marforio Tainah D. , Calvaresi Matteo , Rancan Marzio , Armelao Lidia , Bertuzzi Giulio , Melucci Manuela , Bandini Marco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe “on‐demand” capture and utilization of CO2 is effectively realized with a readily accessible dual function organic composite. The covalent and controlled derivatization of graphene oxide (GO) surface with naturally occurring arginine led to a “smart” material capable of capturing (chemisorption) CO2 from high‐purity flue‐gas as well as low‐concentration streams (i. e. direct air capture) and concomitant chemical activation toward the incorporation into cyclic carbonates. The overall integrated CO2 capture and conversion (ICCC) strategy has been fully elucidated mechanistically via dedicated computational, spectroscopic and thermal analyses.