bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Fear-avoidance Belief with Dynamic Balance, Functional Performance, and Disability in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Panhale Vrushali P. , Walankar Prachita Pravin , Khedekar Sayali S. 
Published: February 2024

Context:
Chronic low back pain is a common musculoskeletal condition in the community. According to fear-avoidance beliefs model, the anticipation of increased pain or reinjury further evokes the avoidance behavior causing disability.

Aim:
The study aimed to correlate fear-avoidance beliefs with dynamic balance, functional performance, and disability in chronic low back pain patients.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 75 chronic low back pain patients in a tertiary care hospital.

Subjects and Methods:
Pain, fear-avoidance beliefs, dynamic balance, and disability were assessed in chronic low back pain patients. Pain was evaluated using the numerical pain rating scale, fear avoidance using the fear-avoidance belief questionnaire (FABQ), disability using the Roland–Morris disability questionnaire, dynamic balance using the MiniBest test, and functional performance using the Back Performance Scale.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical measures such as median and interquartile ranges were calculated. The Spearman’s correlation test was used.

Results:
There was a low correlation between FABQ and pain (r = 0.431, P = 0.000), dynamic balance (r = −0.425, P = 0.000), and functional performance (r = 0.482, P = 0.000) and moderate positive correlation with disability (r
s = 0.538, P = 0.000) in chronic low back pain patients.

Conclusions:
Fear-avoidance beliefs are significantly associated with pain, dynamic balance, functional performance, and disability in chronic low back pain patients.
Shi arrangements and low elements in affine Coxeter groups
Authors: Chapelier-Laget Nathan , Hohlweg Christophe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Given an affine Coxeter group W, the corresponding Shi arrangement is a refinement of the corresponding Coxeter hyperplane arrangements that was introduced by Shi to study Kazhdan–Lusztig cells for W. Shi showed that each region of the Shi arrangement contains exactly one element of minimal length in W. Low elements in W were introduced to study the word problem of the corresponding Artin–Tits (braid) group and turns out to produce automata to study the combinatorics of reduced words in W. In this article, we show, in the case of an affine Coxeter group, that the set of minimal length elements of the regions in the Shi arrangement is precisely the set of low elements, settling a conjecture of Dyer and the second author in this case. As a by-product of our proof, we show that the descent walls – the walls that separate a region from the fundamental alcove – of any region in the Shi arrangement are precisely the descent walls of the alcove of its corresponding low element.
Impact of Gender Bias in Training Data for Machine Learning Models predicting Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Harding Bradley Victoria 
Published: February 2024

The use of biomarkers reference ranges derived from clinical trials to detect and diagnose the presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI) is well established. However, the predominance of older male participants in these trials has been shown to contribute to increased rate of misdiagnoses among women. The application of Machine Learning (ML) to medical diagnosis promises the potential to improve accuracy. However, ML also has the potential to perpetuate this problem of gender bias in trial data leading to worse outcomes for female patients. This research found that models trained using data containing only male patient data were less accurate at predicting MI among female patients than those trained using data sets with greater representation of females. For the model trained only with male patient data, this increased false negative rate corresponds to 2% of female patients with MI not being correctly diagnosed. Addressing this issue will require (a) the collection of more female patient data to support the construction of training data sets which accurately reflect the patient population (b) consistent reporting of gender mix and other demographic information such as age when ML model performance is reported.
Identifying the Relationship between Microglia and Suicide:
Authors: Joshi-Apte Tanish , Kethar Jothsna , Appavu Rajagopal 
Published: February 2024

Suicide is one of the worst outcomes that can occur in clinical psychiatry. This issue affects 700,000 people globally every year. While currently no cure exists to stop suicide completely, recent research has led to new discoveries in the field which has improved the knowledge and awareness regarding the issue. Recent findings have shown an increase in microglia activation (innate immune cells) in the brains of suicide victims. This research paper seeks to quantify this trend by analyzing microglial densities in the white matter and dorsal raphe nucleus regions of the brain using post-morterm human brains from suicide victims and controls. This paper seeks to answer the question if microglial densities in the white matter and dorsal raphe nucleus regions of the brain are increased in suicide victims. This papers purpose is to help create a wider understanding on the role of microglial densities in suicide victims.
“Alternative Facts”: The Origins of Fake News and its Implications
Authors: Balachandran Shreyes , Roberts Miller , Leal-Schuman Eli 
Published: February 2024

This paper examines the origins of the current rise in disinformation, compares and contrasts historical and modern examples of fake news, and analyzes the trends between them. By observing patterns across specific case studies where fake news was leveraged to manipulate public opinion, we dissect the contemporary misinformation dilemma and offer methods to combat false narratives. We achieve this through a historical analysis of Yellow Journalism in the late 1800s, early 20th-century propaganda, and disinformation in the 2020 United States election.
One significant revelation in modern times that has altered the ways fake news perpetuates is media digitization. Platforms such as social media, news websites, and blogs have reshaped the contemporary media sphere. Misinformation proliferation has persisted since historical times and still threatens how citizens view political and social issues, something we need to mitigate. Thus, our overarching question is: “What are the dangers of fake news, and how have political leaders historically leveraged it to their advantage?” Today, there’s speculation as to whether or not media digitization has amplified its effects, another controversy we dismantle in this multi-dimensional article.
Understanding Menstruation Material in Fiqh Learning for VII Grade Female Students at SMP Syubbanul Wathon 2 Bandongan Magelang
Authors: Fitria Nur Azizah Dwi , Siswanto Siswanto 
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted to determine the factors that influence female students' understanding of menstruation material, how they learn menstrual material, and the extent to which class VII female students understand menstruation material at SMP Syubbanul Wathon 2 Bandongan. This research was conducted at Syubbanul Wathon 2 Bandongan Middle School with a focus on female students' understanding of menstruation material. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach and various data analysis, collection and validity techniques to support optimal results. In this research, learning about menstruation material for class VII female students uses several learning stages: learning planning, menstrual learning material, learning methods, learning media, learning evaluation and assessment. The level of understanding of class VII students' material on menstruation at Syubbanul Wathon 2 Middle School is quite good. This can be seen from their interviews and written test results, although some students don't understand it and some of the material is difficult for them.
Keywords: Understanding Menstruation Material, Fiqh, Syubbanul Wathon
Revisiting day-of-week ozone patterns in an era of evolving US air quality
Authors: Simon Heather , Hogrefe Christian , Whitehill Andrew , Foley Kristen M. , Liljegren Jennifer , Possiel Norm , Wells Benjamin , Henderson Barron H. , Valin Lukas C. , Tonnesen Gail , Appel K. Wyat , Koplitz Shannon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Past work has shown that traffic patterns in the USA and resulting NOx emissions vary by day of week, with NOx emissions typically being higher on weekdays than weekends. This pattern of emissions leads to different levels of ozone on weekends versus weekdays and can be leveraged to understand how local ozone formation changes in response to NOx emission perturbations in different urban areas. Specifically, areas with lower NOx but higher ozone on the weekends (the weekend effect) can be characterized as NOx-saturated and areas with both lower NOx and ozone on weekends (the weekday effect) can be characterized as NOx-limited. In this analysis, we assess maximum daily 8 h average (MDA8) ozone weekend–weekday differences across 51 USA nonattainment areas using 18 years of observed and modeled data from 2002–2019, using the following two metrics: mean MDA8 ozone and percentage of days with MDA8 ozone > 70 ppb (parts per billion). In addition, we quantify the modeled and observed trends in these weekend–weekday differences across this period of substantial NOx emission reductions in the USA. The model assessment is carried out using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s Air QUAlity TimE Series Project (EQUATES) Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model dataset. We identify three types of MDA8 ozone trends occurring across the USA, namely transitioning chemical regime, disappearing weekday effect, and no trend. The transitioning chemical regime trend occurs in a subset of large urban areas that were NOx-saturated (i.e., volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited) at the beginning of the analysis period but transitioned to mixed chemical regimes or NOx-limited conditions by the end of the analysis period. Nine areas have strong transitioning chemical regime trends using both modeled and observed data and with both metrics indicating strong agreement that they are shifting to more NOx-limited conditions: Milwaukee, Houston, Phoenix, Denver, the Northern Wasatch Front, the Southern Wasatch Front, Las Vegas, Los Angeles – San Bernardino County, Los Angeles – South Coast, and San Diego. The disappearing weekday effect was identified for multiple rural and agricultural areas of California which were NOx-limited for the entire analysis period but appear to become less influenced by local day-of-week emission patterns in more recent years. Finally, we discuss a variety of reasons why there are no trends in certain areas including complex impacts of heterogeneous source mixes and stochastic impacts of meteorology. Overall, this assessment finds that the EQUATES modeling simulations indicate more NOx-saturated conditions than the observations but do a good job of capturing year-to-year changes in weekend–weekday MDA8 ozone patterns.
Global seismic energy scaling relationships based on the type of faulting
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Quetzalcoatl , Zúñiga F. Ramón 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We derived scaling relationships for different seismic energy metrics for earthquakes around the globe with MW > 6.0 from 1990 to 2022. The seismic energy estimations were derived with two methodologies, the first based on the velocity flux integration and the second based on finite-fault models. In the first case, we analyzed 3331 reported seismic energies derived by integrating far-field waveforms. In the latter methodology, we used the total moment rate functions and the approximation of the overdamped dynamics to quantify seismic energy from 231 finite-fault models (Emrt and EO, EU, respectively). Both methodologies provide compatible energy estimates. The radiated seismic energies estimated from the slip models and integration of velocity records are also compared for different types of focal mechanisms (R, reverse; R-SS, reverse–strike-slip; SS, strike-slip; SS-R, strike-slip–reverse; SS-N, strike-slip–normal; N, normal; and N-SS, normal–strike-slip), and then used to derive converting scaling relations among the different energy types. Additionally, the behavior of radiated seismic energy (ER), energy-to-moment ratio (ER/M0), and apparent stress (τα) for different rupture types at a global scale is examined by considering depth variations in mechanical properties, such as seismic velocities, rock densities, and rigidities. For this purpose, we used a 1-D global velocity model. The ER/M0 ratio is, based on statistical t tests, largest for strike-slip earthquakes, followed by normal-faulting events, with the lowest values for reverse earthquakes for hypocentral depths < 90 km. Not enough data are available for statistical tests at deeper intervals except for the 90 to 120 km range, where we can satisfactorily conclude that ER/M0 for R-SS and SS-R types is larger than for N-type faulting, which also conforms to the previous assumption. In agreement with previous studies, our results exhibit a robust variation in τα with the focal mechanism. Regarding the behavior of τα with depth, our results agree with the existence of a bimodal distribution with two depth intervals where the apparent stress is maximum for normal-faulting earthquakes. At depths in the range of 180–240 km, τα for reverse earthquakes is higher than for normal-faulting events. We find the trend EU > Emrt > EO for all mechanism types based on statistical t tests. Finite-fault energy estimations also support focal mechanism dependence of apparent stress but only for shallow earthquakes (Z < 30 km). The slip distribution population used was too small to conclude that finite-fault energy estimations support the dependence of average apparent stress on rupture type at different depth intervals.
A Study on the Effect of Abusive Supervision on Knowledge Hiding: Mediated by Emotional Exhaustion and Moderated by Coworkers Support
Authors: Um-e-Rubbab  , Khursheed Bushra 
Published: February 2024

This study was conducted to assess the effects of abusive supervision on knowledge hiding, taking into account the moderating influence of coworker support and the mediating function of emotional exhaustion. The current study's model suggests that when supervisors are abusive, people become emotionally exhausted and hide knowledge. Our study proposed that employees who experienced abusive behaviors were more likely to withhold information and knowledge from others in the organization. There was a strong association between abusive supervision and emotional exhaustion. This means that employees who experienced abusive behaviors from their supervisors were more likely to feel emotionally drained and depleted. Another purpose of the research was to know whether coworker support moderates the relationship between abusive supervision and emotional exhaustion. Coworker support may offer a sense of support and social connection, which can help employees cope with the stress associated with abusive supervision. The model was supported by Social exchange theory. Convenience sampling was used to gather data from 181 workers in the telecom sectors of firms in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Adapted questionnaires with five-point Likert scales for each variable were used. Results indicated that abusive supervision has a positive and significant relationship with knowledge hiding. The mediating role of emotional exhaustion between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding was also supported by results. However, contrary to expectations, moderating the role of coworkers’ support, between abusive supervision and emotional exhaustion gained no acceptance. By incorporating specific training on recognizing and avoiding abusive behaviors from the outset, organizations can set clear expectations for supervisory conduct and create a culture that discourages abusive practices. Regular policy reviews will help the organization adapt to evolving challenges and best practices in preventing abusive supervision, ensuring that policies remain relevant and contribute to a positive work environment. Limitations and future directions are also provided.
Meningkatkan Semangat Pengasuh Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Melalui Kelompok Kecil Evangelisasi di Bhakti Luhur Halimun
Authors: Soko Aldapiana , Nini Klemensia 
Published: February 2024

Pelayanan untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus di Bhakti Luhur merupakan panggilan hidup sebagai insan Kristiani yang meneladani Kristus yang datang bukan untuk dilayani melainkan untuk melayani. Pola pembinaan sekolah-sekolah yang bernaung dibawah payung Yayasan Bhakti Luhur, mendidik kaum muda katolik untuk ikut serta dalam karya Kristus melalui pelayanan terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus. Sebelum melayani, para pengasuh dibekali pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus. Selain itu ada program Live in bagi para pengasuh yang dilaksanakan dalam rangka pengembangan diri terlebih khusus pembentukan menjadi pribadi kristiani yang mampu hidup, berinteraksi dan melayani anak berkebutuhan khusus. Seiring berjalannya waktu, semangat pelayanan para pengasuh mulai mengalami pasang-surut. Terkadang tugas pelayanan dilakukan dengan enerjik, ceria dan gembira, namun terkadang sebaliknya. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan menurunnya kedisplinan dalam menggunakan waktu, kelesuan dalam melayani, bahkan kemalasan melakukan tugas-tugas pendampingan terhadap anak berkebuuhan khusus. Persoalan ini menuntut adanya pendampingan terutama secara rohani untuk mengarahkan, menyegarkan kembali dan mengingatkan kemabli akan penghayatan imannya akan Kristus. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendampingan rohani melalui kelompok kecil evangelisasi yang bertujuan agar pengasuh mampu memahami arti perutusan hidup sebagai orang terpilih oleh Allah dan menyadari makna hidup mengasihi sesama. Dari kegiatan evangelisasi kelompok yang diadakan di Bhakti LuhurHalimun selama 3 kali pertemuan dengan jarak waktu dua bulan, diperoleh hasil yakni pertemuan terlaksana dengan baik, pengasuh sangat berpartisipasi aktif selama kegiatan berlangsung. Mereka sangat menghayati tema-tema yang didalami bersama, sehingga mereka cukup terbuka, untuk mensharingkan kelesuan yang mereka alami saat melayani anak berkebutuhan khusus di Bhakti Luhur Halimun. Para pengasuh menjadi lebih bersemangat dalam melayani dengan menunjukan wajah yang dulu lesu menjadi ceria dan gembira.
Exercise Diabetik pada Lansia Penderita Diabetik Mellitus Tipe II
Authors: Kurniasih Dwi , Titihalawa Elly Marce , Andri Florensius , Pratiwi Bertha Derna Uci , Missel Beforia , Pianus Edi , Hopaya Maria Gabriela Nirmala , Tiningsih Septiani Vivin Rahayu , Pitnasara Pitnasara 
Published: February 2024

Diabetes Melitus tipe II merupakan penyakit yang tidak asing, meskipun berpotensi merusak, yang telah meningkat prevalensinya selama beberapa dekade terakhir menjadi tantangan kesehatan masyarakat utama di abad ke-21. Komplikasi diabetes melitus tipe II sudah diketahui dengan baik dan terus menimbulkan beban berat bagi jutaan orang yang hidup dengan Diabetes Melitus. Penurunan sensasi protrktif pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe II dapat beresiko mencederai dan beresiko terjadi ulkus. Pengabdian ini dilakukan agar Lansia memahami dan mampu melakukan senan kaki diabetes mellitus guna mencegah komplikasi diabetes mellitus. Pengabdian dilakukan di panti werdha Marie Joseph Siantan, Pontianak. Metode yang dilakukan adalah kualitatif: studi kasus dengan memberikan perlakuan berupa penyuluhan dan latihan. Senam kaki diabetik berguna meningkatkan sensitivitas pada kaki, memperlancar peredaran darah dikaki sehingga kaki tidak teraba dingin dan jika terjadi luka dikaki, luka tersebut cepat sembuh. Setelah dilakukan tindakan para lansia memahami apa itu Diabetes Mellitus dan tindakan apa yang dapat dilakukan guna mencegah komplikasi. Para lansia juga mengungkapkan bahwa setelah dilakukan senam kaki diabetik, kaki tidak kaku dan merasa lebih nyaman. Exercise diabetik pada penderita Diabetes Melitus tipe II sebaikannnya di sosialisasikan dan diberikan oleh petugas pelayanan kesehatan untuk mengurangi resikoatau komplikasi dari Diabetes Mellitus tipe II.
Pendidikan Kesehatan tentang Mempraktikkan Tujuh Langkah Cuci Tangan
Authors: Pitri Angela Dwi , Kurniasih Dwi , Listavia Florida , Goretik Maria , Nu'nya Felisia Lulis Inta , Lestari Jeane Dwi , Kornelia Merri Lihdia , Gresiamoran Monika , Raini Raini 
Published: February 2024

Mengubah perilaku anak mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun harus didasari dengan pengetahuan tentang pentingnya mencuci tangan. Edukasi pada usia anak memerlukan cara kreatif yang disebut belajar sambil bermain. Cara edukasi ini mampu membuat anak merasa senang dan tidak terbeban untuk melakukan yang diperintahkan. Jenis transmisi infeksi penyakit akibat kurang memperhatikan kebersihan tangan yaitu 71% dari 1099 anak mengalami gangguan fungsi pernapasan dan 85% dari 297 anak mengalami gangguan sistem pencernaan. Anak yang menderita infeksi penyakit akan menularkan kepada anak lain dan menyebabkan angka ketidakhadiran siswa karena sakit meningkat. Tujuan dilakukan pengabdian kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak tentang manfaat mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun. Metode pelaksanaan berupa pendidikan kesehatan yang dilaksanakan di TK Pelita Hati pada tanggal 26 Juni 2023. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah peningkatan pengetahuan anak di mana mampu mempraktikkan kembali tujuh langkah mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun. Peningkatan kognitif anak diharapkan mampu mendorong perubahan perilaku anak-anak usia pra-sekolah dalam praktik mencuci tangan.
Education and pandemic SARS-CoV-2 infections in the German working population – the mediating role of working from home
Authors: Wachtler Benjamin , Beese Florian , Demirer Ibrahim , Haller Sebastian , Pförtner Timo-Kolja , Wahrendorf Morten , Grabka Markus M , Hoebel Jens 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVES: SARS-CoV-2 infections were unequally distributed during the pandemic, with those in disadvantaged socioeconomic positions being at higher risk. Little is known about the underlying mechanism of this association. This study assessed to what extent educational differences in SARS-CoV-2 infections were mediated by working from home.
METHODS: We used data of the German working population derived from the seroepidemiological study “Corona Monitoring Nationwide – Wave 2 (RKI-SOEP-2)” (N=6826). Infections were assessed by seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2 antigens and self-reports of previous PCR-confirmed infections from the beginning of the pandemic until study participation (November 2021 – February 2022). The frequency of working from home was assessed between May 2021 and January 2022.We used the Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) method to decompose the effect of education on SARS-CoV-2 infections.
RESULTS: Individuals with lower educational attainment had a higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted prevalence ratio of low versus very high = 1.76, 95% confidence interval 1.08–2.88; P=0.023). Depending on the level of education, between 27% (high education) and 58% (low education) of the differences in infection were mediated by the frequency of working from home.
CONCLUSIONS: Working from home could prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections and contribute to the explanation of socioeconomic inequalities in infection risks. Wherever possible, additional capacities to work remotely, particularly for occupations that require lower educational attainment, should be considered as an important measure of pandemic preparedness. Limitations of this study are the observational cross-sectional design and that the temporal order between infection and working from home remained unclear.