bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Gene Editing Strategies for Wheat Improvement
Authors: Nigro Domenica , Smedley Mark A. , Camerlengo Francesco , Hayta Sadiye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite wheat’s global importance, it has trailed behind the other major cereals regarding genomic tools and resources as well as gene transformation. As each gene usually exists as two copies in the tetraploid durum wheat or as three in hexaploid bread wheat, it is very difficult assess gene function and improve important agronomic traits in polyploid wheat with traditional breeding methods. Recent advances allow researchers to use gene editing technologies in wheat which facilitates the opportunity to knockout or modify one, two or all three gene homoeologs simultaneously, which is important to clarify the function and contribution of gene copies in a specific phenotype or trait. CRISPR-Cas technology is now being used routinely for gene knockout. Technological advancement has been rapid within the field, and recently more advance and precise methods have been deployed such as cytidine base editing, adenosine base editing, and prime editing in wheat. Here we summarised gene editing strategies that are presently being applied for wheat improvement.
CRISPR/Cas Mutation Screening: From Mutant Allele Detection to Prediction of Protein Coding Potential
Authors: Vereecke Elke , Van Laere Katrijn , Ruttink Tom 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCRISPR/Cas is a gene-editing technique that allows for the precise and specific introduction of a mutation into a DNA sequence. The outcome of a mutation on encoded protein depends on the type of mutation (deletion, insertion and/or substitution) and the position of the mutation in the DNA sequence. It can be predicted by using screening methods that are able to identify a mutation at nucleotide level. Here, several screening methods are discussed with a difference in complexity, resolution and scalability and the results are interpretated by taken into account the central dogma of the molecular biology. Two modules of the SMAP package, SMAP haplotype-window and SMAP effect-prediction, are proposed and implemented in a high-throughput screening workflow that allows for the automated and streamlined screening of CRISPR experiments.
Genome Editing of a Macroalgae with Possible Global Impacts
Authors: Opsahl-Sorteberg Hilde-Gunn , Evju Espen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractKelp forests are major marine ecosystems and key sources of biodiversity comparable to tropical forests, as pointed out by Darwin on the Beagle in 1834: “Yet if in any country a forest was destroyed, I do not believe nearly so many species of animals would perish as would here, from the destruction of the kelp”. Despite the key roles supporting marine life, our understanding of their biology lags far behind that of land plants. Kelp mitigates the effects of climate change, sequesters CO2, reduces eutrophication while providing biomass for food, feed, and materials. Genome editing together with functional genomics can map genetic diversity potentials for temperature tolerance, important since they already face the upper tolerance limits in some regions. This chapter considers the major genome editing prerequisites; the transformation methods for introducing DNA/RNA and annotated genomes for predicting results. Risk assessments are discussed. These uses of genome editing show how widely applicable the techniques can be used from basic science to securing the global environment for our existence.
Kreislaufwirtschaft im Bauwesen
Authors: Gebetsroither Michaela , Honic Meliha , Kovacic Iva , Löffler Christoph , Marx Klemens , Pamminger Rainer , Robbi Steffen , Sustr Christian , Schützenhofer Stefan , Weber Gundula 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Bauindustrie ist mit ca. ~ 40 % (massebezogen) einer der weltweiten größten Verbraucher von Ressourcen. Darüber hinaus verursacht sie weltweit ca. 1/3 der anthropogenen CO2 Emissionen und 40 % des Abfalls (volumenbezogen) (Heinrich und Lang 2019, S. 2–4). Auch in Österreich verantwortet der Gebäudesektor in 2020 17,3 % der gesamten Treibhausgasemissionen (BMK 2022).
EU – Taxonomie
Authors: Gebetsroither Michaela , Honic Meliha , Kovacic Iva , Löffler Christoph , Marx Klemens , Pamminger Rainer , Robbi Steffen , Sustr Christian , Schützenhofer Stefan , Weber Gundula 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungSpätestens seit dem Übereinkommen von Paris (COP21) im Jahr 2015 stehen Staaten und Unternehmen zunehmend vor der Herausforderung, sich damit zu beschäftigen, was nachhaltig ist und was nicht. Dieses wurde von 195 Vertragspartnern unterzeichnet und folgt der Leitlinie, die menschgemachte globale Erderwärmung auf deutlich unter 2 °C gegenüber vorindustriellen Werten zu begrenzen. Als Reaktion darauf hat die Europäische Union, als Vertragspartnerin des Übereinkommens von Paris, die Notwendigkeit des Übergangs zu einer emissionsarmen, ressourcenschonenden Wirtschaft als entscheidend für die Sicherung der langfristigen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ihrer Wirtschaft identifiziert.
Digitaler Produktpass als Datengrundlage für den Gebäudepass
Authors: Gebetsroither Michaela , Honic Meliha , Kovacic Iva , Löffler Christoph , Marx Klemens , Pamminger Rainer , Robbi Steffen , Sustr Christian , Schützenhofer Stefan , Weber Gundula 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungNeben dem gesamten Gebäude legt die EU den Nachhaltigkeitsfokus auch auf einzelne Produkte. Ihre Kreislaufwirtschaftsstrategie zielt unter anderem darauf ab, diese über ihren gesamten Lebenszyklus möglichst nachhaltig zu gestalten. Umweltfreundliche, kreislauffähige, energieeffiziente und transparente Produkte sollen am europäischen Markt zur Norm gemacht werden. Ein zentrales Element der neuen vorgeschlagenen Ökodesignverordnung ist ein digitaler Produktpass, welcher eine einfache Informationsabfrage umweltrelevanter Daten ermöglichen sollte.
Generalized dualities and supergroups
Authors: Butter Daniel , Hassler Falk , Pope Christopher N. , Zhang Haoyu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Using a recently developed formulation of double field theory in superspace, the graviton, B-field, gravitini, dilatini, and Ramond-Ramond bispinor are encoded in a single generalized supervielbein. Duality transformations are encoded as orthosymplectic transformations, extending the bosonic O(D, D) duality group, and these act on all constituents of the supervielbein in an easily computable way. We first review conventional non-abelian T-duality in the Green-Schwarz superstring and describe the dual geometries in the language of double superspace. Since dualities are related to super-Killing vectors, this includes as special cases both abelian and non-abelian fermionic T-duality.We then extend this approach to include Poisson-Lie T-duality and its generalizations, including the generalized coset construction recently discussed in [arXiv:1912.11036]. As an application, we construct the supergeometries associated with the integrable λ and η deformations of the AdS5 × S5 superstring. The deformation parameters λ and η are identified with the possible one-parameter embeddings of the supergravity frame within the doubled supergeometry. In this framework, the Ramond-Ramond bispinors are directly computable purely from the algebraic data of the supergroup.
BubbleDet: a Python package to compute functional determinants for bubble nucleation
Authors: Ekstedt Andreas , Gould Oliver , Hirvonen Joonas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present a Python package BubbleDet for computing one-loop functional determinants around spherically symmetric background fields. This gives the next-to-leading order correction to both the vacuum decay rate, at zero temperature, and to the bubble nucleation rate in first-order phase transitions at finite temperature. For predictions of gravitational wave signals from cosmological phase transitions, this is expected to remove one of the leading sources of theoretical uncertainty. BubbleDet is applicable to arbitrary scalar potentials and in any dimension up to seven. It has methods for fluctuations of scalar fields, including Goldstone bosons, and for gauge fields, but is limited to cases where the determinant factorises into a product of separate determinants, one for each field degree of freedom. To our knowledge, BubbleDet is the first package dedicated to calculating functional determinants in spherically symmetric backgrounds.
Genus-one open string amplitudes on AdS5×S3 from CFT
Authors: Paul H. , Santagata M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We bootstrap one-loop string corrections to the four-point function of half-BPS operators in a 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFT with flavour group SO(8), dual to gluon scattering at genus one on AdS5×S3. We identify an 8-dimensional organising principle which governs the spectrum of double-trace anomalous dimensions, valid to all orders in the string length. This has precise implications for the structure of one-loop Mellin amplitudes, which we explicitly compute for the first three orders beyond the field-theory limit. We also consider the corresponding position space representation, which is entirely determined by the square of a certain differential operator acting on a simpler “pre-correlator”. Finally, we show that the flat-space limit of the Mellin amplitudes exactly matches the logarithmic terms of the genus-one amplitude in 8-dimensional flat space, which we compute via a partial-wave analysis.
Renormalization of spin-one asymptotic charges in AdSD
Authors: Campoleoni Andrea , Delfante Arnaud , Francia Dario , Heissenberg Carlo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study the renormalized action and the renormalized presymplectic potential for Maxwell fields on Anti de Sitter backgrounds of any dimensions. We then use these results to explicitly derive finite boundary charges for angle-dependent asymptotic symmetries. We consider both Poincaré and Bondi coordinates, the former allowing us to control the systematics for arbitrary D, the latter being better suited for a smooth flat limit.
On a statement of O. Frink about free pseudo-complemented meet-semilattices
Authors: Katriňák Tibor , Guričan Jaroslav 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrrin Frink in 1962 stated incorrectly, that there exist free pseudocomplemented meet-semilattices, which are not lattices. This is disproved in the present paper. We have shown that any free PCS is in fact a sectionally pseudocomplemented lattice.
Festigkeit der Konusverbindung modularer Revisionshüftschäfte
Authors: Boettcher Julius M. , Sellenschloh Kay , Strube Anna , Huber Gerd , Morlock Michael M. 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einführung
In der Revisionschirurgie ermöglichen modulare Implantatkomponenten dem Chirurgen, die Eigenschaften des Implantats an die Knochensituation anzupassen. An der modularen Verbindung kann es zu Relativbewegungen kommen, die zu Abrieb und nachfolgenden biologischen Reaktionen führen, insbesondere aufgrund einer unvollständigen Montage und Kontamination der konischen Verbindung. Ziel dieser Studie war es, zu zeigen, ob eine unvollständige Montage und eine versehentliche Kontamination des modularen Konus eine Veränderung der Verbindungsstärke verursacht.

Material und Methoden
Modulare Konusverbindungen zwischen Hals und Schaft (n = 48) wurden in sieben Gruppen eingeteilt, die sich hinsichtlich des Verunreinigungsgrades (nativ, kontaminiert, gereinigt) und der Fügebedingungen (gesichert, vorgespannt und gesichert) unterschieden, und nach dem Fügen mit einer servohydraulischen Prüfmaschine zyklisch belastet wurden. Die Kontamination wurde durch eine Kombination aus Schweineknochenpartikeln und Rinderblut erreicht. Für jede Gruppe wurde zusätzlich die Anzahl der Umdrehungen des Drehmomentbegrenzers beim Sichern der Konusverbindung erfasst. Mittels digitaler Bildkorrelation wurden die Verdrehung des Halsteils, die Mikrobewegung und das axiale Setzen des Halsteils ermittelt. Anschließend wurden die Abzugskräfte als Maß für die verbleibende Verbindungsfestigkeit der Konusverbindung bestimmt.

Ergebnisse
Eine Verunreinigung der Konusverbindung, insbesondere in Kombination mit einer unsachgemäßen Montage der Komponenten, erhöhte signifikant die Rotation (35,3 ± 13,7° vs. 2,4 ± 4,4°; p <0,001), die Mikrobewegung (67,8 ± 16,9 μm vs. 5,1 ± 12,1 μm, p <0,001) und das axiale Setzen (‑34,1 ± 16,9 μm vs. 4,3 ± 10,9 μm; p <0,001) des Halses gegenüber dem Schaft.

Schlussfolgerung
Intraoperativ lässt sich eine Kontamination der Konusoberfläche daran erkennen, dass beim Festziehen der Sicherungsschraube mehrere Umdrehungen erforderlich sind. Eine korrekte Reinigung mit dem neuen Konusreinigungsinstrument und eine vollständige Montage mit Vorspannen der Komponenten können das Risiko eines frühzeitigen Versagens und eines Ermüdungsbruches der modularen Konusverbindung verringern.
The clinical acceptability of short versus long duration acquisitions for head and neck cancer using long-axial field-of-view PET/CT: a retrospective evaluation
Authors: Mei Riccardo , Pyka Thomas , Sari Hasan , Fanti Stefano , Afshar-Oromieh Ali , Giger Roland , Caobelli Federico , Rominger Axel , Alberts Ian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the utility of long duration (10 min) acquisitions compared to standard 4 min scans in the evaluation of head and neck cancer (HNC) using a long-axial field-of-view (LAFOV) system in 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT.

Methods
HNC patients undergoing LAFOV PET/CT were included retrospectively according to a predefined sample size calculation. For each acquisition, FDG avid lymph nodes (LN) which were highly probable or equivocal for malignancy were identified by two board certified nuclear medicine physicians in consensus. The aim of this study was to establish the clinical acceptability of short-duration (4 min, C40%) acquisitions compared to full-count (10 min, C100%) in terms of the detection of LN metastases in HNC. Secondary endpoints were the positive predictive value for LN status (PPV) and comparison of SUVmax at C40% and C100%. Histology reports or confirmatory imaging were the reference standard.

Results
A total of 1218 records were screened and target recruitment was met with n = 64 HNC patients undergoing LAFOV. Median age was 65 years (IQR: 59–73). At C40%, a total of 387 lesions were detected (highly probable LN n = 274 and equivocal n = 113. The total number of lesions detected at C100% acquisition was 439, of them 291 (66%) highly probable LN and 148 (34%) equivocal. Detection rate between the two acquisitions did not demonstrate any significant differences (Pearson’s Chi-Square test, p = 0.792). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy for C40% were 83%, 44%, 55%, 76% and 36%, whilst for C100% were 85%, 56%, 55%, 85% and 43%, respectively. The improved accuracy reached borderline significance (p = 0.057). At the ROC analysis, lower SUVmax was identified for C100% (3.5) compared to C40% (4.5).

Conclusion
In terms of LN detection, C40% acquisitions showed no significant difference compared to the C100% acquisitions. There was some improvement for lesions detection at C100%, with a small increment in accuracy reaching borderline significance, suggestive that the higher sensitivity afforded by LAFOV might translate to improved clinical performance in some patients.
Comparative assessment of radiation therapy–induced vasculitis using [18F]FDG-PET/CT in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with proton versus photon radiotherapy
Authors: Evanson D. , Griffin M. , O’Reilly S. E. , Johnson T. , Werner T. , Kothekar E. , Jahangiri P. , Simone C. B. , Swisher-McClure S. , Feigenberg S. J. , Revheim M.-E. , Zou J. , Alavi A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess radiation therapy (RT)-induced vasculitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by examining changes in the uptake of 18F-fluoro-D-deoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images of the ascending aorta (AA), descending aorta (DA), and aortic arch (AoA) before and after proton and photon RT.

Method
Thirty-five consecutive locally advanced NSCLC patients were definitively treated with proton (n = 27) or photon (n = 8) RT and concurrent chemotherapy. The patients were prospectively enrolled to undergo [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging before and 3 months after RT. An adaptive contrast-oriented thresholding algorithm was applied to generate mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean) for regions of interest (ROIs) 3 mm outside and 3 mm inside the outer perimeter of the AA, DA, and AoA. These ROIs were employed to exclusively select the aortic wall and remove the influence of blood pool activity. SUVmeans before and after RT were compared using two-tailed paired t-tests.

Results
RT treatments were associated with increased SUVmeans in the AA, DA, and AoA—1.9%, 0.3%, and 1.3% for proton and 15.8%, 9.5%, and 15.5% for photon, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the ∆SUVmean (post-RT SUVmean − pre-RT SUVmean) in patients treated with photon RT when compared to ∆SUVmean in patients treated with proton RT in the AA (p = 0.043) and AoA (p = 0.015). There was an average increase in SUVmean that was related to dose for photon patients (across structures), but that was not seen for proton patients, although the increase was not statistically significant.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that patients treated with photon RT for NSCLC may exhibit significantly more RT-induced inflammation (measured as ∆SUVmean) in the AA and AoA when compared to patients who received proton RT. Knowledge gained from further analyses in larger cohorts could aid in treatment planning and help prevent the significant morbidity and mortality associated with RT-induced vascular complications.

Trial registration
NCT02135679.
Pre-clinical evaluation of biomarkers for the early detection of nephrotoxicity following alpha-particle radioligand therapy
Authors: Li Mengshi , Robles-Planells Claudia , Liu Dijie , Graves Stephen A. , Vasquez-Martinez Gabriela , Mayoral-Andrade Gabriel , Lee Dongyoul , Rastogi Prerna , Marks Brenna M. , Sagastume Edwin A. , Weiss Robert M. , Linn-Peirano Sarah C. , Johnson Frances L. , Schultz Michael K. , Zepeda-Orozco Diana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cancer treatment with alpha-emitter-based radioligand therapies (α-RLTs) demonstrates promising tumor responses. Radiolabeled peptides are filtered through glomeruli, followed by potential reabsorption of a fraction by proximal tubules, which may cause acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Because tubular cells are considered the primary site of radiopeptides’ renal reabsorption and potential injury, the current use of kidney biomarkers of glomerular functional loss limits the evaluation of possible nephrotoxicity and its early detection. This study aimed to investigate whether urinary secretion of tubular injury biomarkers could be used as an additional non-invasive sensitive diagnostic tool to identify unrecognizable tubular damage and risk of long-term α-RLT nephrotoxicity.

Methods
A bifunctional cyclic peptide, melanocortin 1 ligand (MC1L), labeled with [203Pb]Pb-MC1L, was used for [212Pb]Pb-MC1L biodistribution and absorbed dose measurements in CD-1 Elite mice. Mice were treated with [212Pb]Pb-MC1L in a dose-escalation study up to levels of radioactivity intended to induce kidney injury. The approach enabled prospective kidney functional and injury biomarker evaluation and late kidney histological analysis to validate these biomarkers.

Results
Biodistribution analysis identified [212Pb]Pb-MC1L reabsorption in kidneys with a dose deposition of 2.8, 8.9, and 20 Gy for 0.9, 3.0, and 6.7 MBq injected [212Pb]Pb-MC1L doses, respectively. As expected, mice receiving 6.7 MBq had significant weight loss and CKD evidence based on serum creatinine, cystatin C, and kidney histological alterations 28 weeks after treatment. A dose-dependent urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, tubular injury biomarker) urinary excretion the day after [212Pb]Pb-MC1L treatment highly correlated with the severity of late tubulointerstitial injury and histological findings.

Conclusion
Urine NGAL secretion could be a potential early diagnostic tool to identify unrecognized tubular damage and predict long-term α-RLT-related nephrotoxicity.
Hydrodynamics and shape reconstruction of single rising air bubbles in water using high-speed tomographic particle tracking velocimetry and 3D geometric reconstruction
Authors: Chang Yingjie , Müller Conrad , Kováts Péter , Guo Liejin , Zähringer Katharina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTime-resolved tomographic particle tracking velocimetry (TR-3D-PTV), also called 4D-PTV, is used here to obtain the instantaneous 3D liquid flow field information in the wake of a single rising bubble in water. Simultaneously, the bubble shape, size and velocity are determined by tomographic reconstruction of the 3D bubble shape. Both, tracer particles for PTV and bubbles, are imaged in a shadow mode with background illumination. The Lagrangian method used in this paper, especially combined with the shake the box algorithm, has big advantages compared to particle image velocimetry, in situations, where only low particle per pixel values can be obtained. In this research, single air bubbles of different sizes, with diameters of around 2.4 mm, 4.0 mm, 6.0 mm and 9.6 mm, were injected into stagnant de-ionized water. Their shape was reconstructed in 3D, and an equivalent bubble diameter was determined from this reconstruction. Compared to conventionally used 2D shadow imaging, this diameter is about 13% smaller. The 3D bubble trajectory can be analysed and decomposed into a sinusoidal function curve lateral projection and an ellipsoidal shape vertical projection. As the bubble diameter increases, the radius of the spiral trajectory is decreasing as well as the amplitude of vertical sinusoidal oscillation. The wake structure in the liquid behind the bubbles is also changing with bubble size: from simple vortex pairs for smaller bubbles to an intertwined structure of several twisted vortices for the bigger ones.
Graphical abstract
Three-dimensional bubble reconstruction (grey surface) and liquid stream lines coloured with velocity magnitude around an ascending air bubble in de-ionized water.
Comparison of the efficacy and adverse effects of unilateral or bilateral botulinum toxin injections for adductor spasmodic dysphonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yuyin , Chen Feifei , Liang Fangqi , Wang Can , Chen Dan , Zhou Jing , Zhang Lu , Xiao Xiao , He Ronghua , Tang Li , Tian Li , Zhou Li 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to aggregate and analyze existing clinical evidence to compare the efficacy and adverse effects of unilateral or bilateral botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD).

Methods
Reports from non-randomized controlled trials and cohort studies pertaining to the efficacy and adverse effects of unilateral and bilateral botulinum toxin injections for ADSD were identified and retrieved from four electronic databases from inception to July 2023. The meta-analysis employed fixed or random effects models to assess pooled relative risks (RR), mean differences (MDs), and standard mean differences (SMDs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
We included two non-randomized controlled trials and seven cohort studies comprising 854 total patients. Meta-analysis of the included studies showed that bilateral botulinum toxin injections associated with a longer duration of vocal improvement (MD =  − 2.89, 95% CI − 3.13 to − 2.65, I2 = 0%, P < 0.00001). However, bilateral botulinum toxin injections associated with an increase in adverse effects, including a longer duration of breathy voice quality (SMD =  − 0.51, 95% CI − 0.79 to − 0.22, I2 = 35%, P = 0.0005) and a higher occurrence of swallowing difficulties (RR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.11, I2 = 0%, P < 0.00001).

Conclusion
Bilateral botulinum toxin injections for ADSD showed a longer duration of vocal improvement, a longer breathy voice duration and a higher dysphagia occurrence and duration than unilateral injections.