bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precipitation homogenization and trends in the Usumacinta River Basin (Mexico‐Guatemala) over the period 1959–2018
Authors: Jupin Johanna L. J. , Garcia‐López Alan A. , Briceño‐Zuluaga Francisco J. , Sifeddine Abdelfettah , Ruiz‐Fernández Ana Carolina , Sanchez‐Cabeza Joan‐Albert , Cardoso‐Mohedano José Gilberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe precipitation variability and trends were investigated in the Usumacinta River Basin (URB) for the period 1959–2018, based on imputed and homogenized data records from 60 meteorological stations in Mexico and Guatemala. The homogenization process played a crucial role in enhancing the quality of the original precipitation series, reducing regional inconsistencies and improving temporal and spatial coherence. The dataset reliably captured large‐scale climate variations, revealing three regions with similar precipitation variability and trends in the URB. Notably, maximum precipitation occurred at 636 m a.s.l., while minimum precipitation was at 1531 m a.s.l., indicating an orographic effect in the region. Extreme precipitation events were linked to El Niño–Southern Oscillation. Although the Mann–Kendall test showed statistically significant negative trends in only 18% of the stations, integration of Sen's slope analysis and 30‐year normals and dry year occurrences highlighted a progressive shift towards dryer conditions throughout the study period in the URB. These drier conditions could notably affect regions with higher precipitation, requiring special attention due to possible socioeconomic impacts associated with drought events. By identifying these vulnerable regions, policymakers and stakeholders can proactively plan and execute adaptive measures to mitigate the potential impacts of droughts on communities, ecosystems, and economic activities within the basin.
Cup safe zone and optimal stem anteversion in total hip arthroplasty for patients with highly required range of motion
Authors: Habe Yukihiro , Hamada Hidetoshi , Uemura Keisuke , Takashima Kazuma , Ando Wataru , Sugano Nobuhiko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo avoid dislocation after total hip arthroplasty, it is desirable to avoid implant impingement during activities of daily living. Numerous simulation studies have been performed at 30° of internal rotation (IR) with 90° of flexion. However, these studies may not reflect the impingement that occurs during activities such as floor sitting, which require a larger IR during flexion. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of varying IR angles during flexion on the impingement‐free safe zone and optimal stem anteversion. In this study, implant impingement simulation was evaluated in computer simulation. The prosthesis used a flat liner, and a 32‐ or 40‐mm femoral head and stem. Three patterns of required IR angle (30° IR/40° IR/50° IR with 90° flexion) combined with 13 directions of the required range of motion were simulated. The optimal stem anteversion to maximize the safe zone was analyzed. Increasing the required IR at 90° flexion decreased the safe zone, particularly with small stem anteversion angles. With a 32‐mm head, the desirable stem anteversion at 40° of cup inclination was 15°/25°/35° in required 30° IR/40° IR/50° IR with 90° flexion, respectively. The safe zone area of the 32‐mm head was smaller than that of the 40‐mm head. For patients who require a larger IR with 90° flexion, the stem and cup target anteversion should be adjusted according to the implant design, head diameter, and patient's required IR at flexion in their lifestyle.
Improved mortality prediction for pediatric acute liver failure using dynamic prediction strategy
Authors: Li Ruosha , Wang Jingyan , Zhang Cuihong , Squires James E. , Belle Steven H. , Ning Jing , Cai Jianwen , Squires Robert H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo develop and validate a prediction tool for pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) mortality risks that captures the rapid and heterogeneous clinical course for accurate and updated prediction.MethodsData included 1144 participants with PALF enrolled during three phases of the PALF registry study over 15 years. Using joint modeling, we built a dynamic prediction tool for mortality by combining longitudinal trajectories of multiple laboratory and clinical variables. The predictive performance for 7‐day and 21‐day mortality was assessed using the area under curve (AUC) through cross‐validation and split‐by‐time validation.ResultsWe constructed a prognostic joint model that combines the temporal trajectories of international normalized ratio, total bilirubin, hepatic encephalopathy, platelet count, and serum creatinine. Dynamic prediction using updated information improved predictive performance over static prediction using the information at enrollment (Day 0) only. In cross‐validation, AUC increased from 0.784 to 0.887 when measurements obtained between Days 1 and 2 were incorporated. AUC remained similar when we used the earlier subset of the sample for training and the later subset for testing.ConclusionsSerial measurements of five variables in the first few days of PALF capture the dynamic clinical course of the disease and improve risk prediction for mortality. Continuous disease monitoring and updating risk prognosis are beneficial for timely and judicious medical decisions.
Perceived air pollution reduces consumers' self‐disclosure: The role of tense arousal
Authors: Liu Wumei , Huang Heqing , Yang Qiaoying , Wang Cheng Lu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConsumers are often reluctant to disclose their personal information to retailers. How to promote consumers' self‐disclosure has been a focal point of interest for marketers and researchers. Using a total of eight multimethod studies (N = 5281) which composite a study with secondary data, a field study, a natural experiment, and five lab experiments, we show that a perception of high (vs. low) levels of air pollution decreases consumers' self‐disclosure willingness and behavior. This effect is mediated by tense arousal and moderated by (1) whether consumers are aware of the impact of perceived air pollution levels on tense arousal and (2) under which environment consumers disclose their personal information (an environment playing low‐paced soothing background music vs. a one playing high‐paced rock background music). We also rule out regulatory focus and mood valence as alternative process variables. Our findings extend past literature on perceived air pollution, tense arousal, and self‐disclosure. The results also suggest marketers, retailers, and service providers mitigate the negative impact of air pollution perception on consumers' self‐disclosure by playing low‐paced soothing background music in retailing contexts.
A series of unfortunate events: Do those who catastrophize learn more after negative outcomes?
Authors: Harada‐Laszlo Mia , Talwar Anahita , Robinson Oliver J. , Pike Alexandra C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCatastrophizing is a transdiagnostic construct that has been suggested to precipitate and maintain a multiplicity of psychiatric disorders, including anxiety, depression, post‐traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive‐compulsive disorder. However, the underlying cognitive mechanisms that result in catastrophizing are unknown. Relating reinforcement learning model parameters to catastrophizing may allow us to further understand the process of catastrophizing. Using a modified four‐armed bandit task, we aimed to investigate the relationship between reinforcement learning parameters and self‐report catastrophizing questionnaire scores to gain a mechanistic understanding of how catastrophizing may alter learning. We recruited 211 participants to complete a computerized four‐armed bandit task and tested the fit of six reinforcement learning models on our data, including two novel models which both incorporated a scaling factor related to a history of negative outcomes variable. We investigated the relationship between self‐report catastrophizing scores and free parameters from the overall best‐fitting model, along with the best‐fitting model to include history, using Pearson's correlations. Subsequently, we reassessed these relationships using multiple regression analyses to evaluate whether any observed relationships were altered when relevant IQ and mental health covariates were applied. Model‐agnostic analyses indicated there were effects of outcome history on reaction time and accuracy, and that the effects on accuracy related to catastrophizing. The overall model of best fit was the Standard Rescorla–Wagner Model and the best‐fitting model to include history was a model in which learning rate was scaled by history of negative outcome. We found no effect of catastrophizing on the scaling by history of negative outcome parameter (r = 0.003, p = 0.679), the learning rate parameter (r = 0.026, p = 0.703), or the inverse temperature parameter (r = 0.086, p = 0.220). We were unable to relate catastrophizing to any of the reinforcement learning parameters we investigated. This implies that catastrophizing is not straightforwardly linked to any changes to learning after a series of negative outcomes are received. Future research could incorporate further exploration of the space of models which include a history parameter.
A predictor–corrector phase unwrapping algorithm for temporally undersampled gradient‐echo MRI
Authors: Kurian Deepu , Hagberg Gisela E. , Scheffler Klaus , Paul Joseph Suresh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop a method for unwrapping temporally undersampled and nonlinear gradient recalled echo (GRE) phase.Theory and MethodsTemporal unwrapping is performed as a sequential one step prediction of the echo phase, followed by a correction to the nearest integer wrap‐count. A spatio‐temporal extension of the 1D predictor corrector unwrapping (PCU) algorithm improves the prediction accuracy, and thereby maintains spatial continuity. The proposed method is evaluated using numerical phantom, physical phantom, and in vivo brain data at both 3 T and 9.4 T. The unwrapping performance is compared with the state‐of‐the‐art temporal and spatial unwrapping algorithms, and the spatio‐temporal iterative virtual‐echo based Nyquist sampled (iVENyS) algorithm.ResultsSimulation results showed significant reduction in unwrapping errors at higher echoes compared with the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. Similar to the iVENyS algorithm, the PCU algorithm was able to generate spatially smooth phase images for in vivo data acquired at 3 T and 9.4 T, bypassing the use of additional spatial unwrapping step. A key advantage over iVENyS algorithm is the superior performance of PCU algorithm at higher
echoes.ConclusionPCU algorithm serves as a robust phase unwrapping method for temporally undersampled and nonlinear GRE phase, particularly in the presence of high field gradients.
Conjoined first (atlas) and second (axis) cervical vertebrae in an eastern wapiti (Cervus canadensis canadensis) from the Angel Site (1000–1400 CE, Indiana, USA)
Authors: Burtt Amanda Anne , Cook Della Collins 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAtlantoaxial abnormalities are rarely documented among wild animals. Many defects of segmentation in the spine are hereditary in domestic species and humans. Here, we present a block vertebra in an eastern wapiti (Cervus canadensis canadensis) from the Angel Site (12Vg1) in southern Indiana (USA) dating to 1000–1400 CE. Diagnosis used macroscopic and radiographic examination. Evidence of inflammatory response and eburnation point to functional compromise. Recorded pathologies of this nature are underrepresented in the past and present. We suggest this specimen from an adult wapiti species represents a female as this condition would have been more debilitating in an antlered stag limiting the possibility of living well into adulthood.
A novel epoxy adhesive with metal organic framework (MOF) and poly(butyl acrylate‐block‐styrene) for bonding aluminum–aluminum joints: A complete overview of mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties
Authors: Kowsar Mohammad Javad , Moini Jazani Omid , Dini Ghasem , Moghadam Majid 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, MIL‐101 (Cr) and NH2‐MIL‐101 (Cr) nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method. Butyl acrylate‐styrene copolymer was used along with these nanoparticles to improve the mechanical properties of epoxy adhesive. The results of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) test showed that the synthesis and functionalization of the metal organic framework (MOFs) were successful. The mechanical properties and adhesion features in the lap joint bonding of aluminum foil to the aluminum foil of modified epoxy adhesives were investigated by tensile and lap shear tests. The results of the tensile test showed that by adding 0.3 wt% of NH2‐MIL‐101 (Cr) and 2.5 wt% of poly(butyl acrylate‐block‐styrene) to epoxy adhesive, the tensile strength, modulus and toughness of dumbbell samples were increased up to 34.46%, 31.74% and 58.53%, respectively. Furthermore, based on the lap shear test results, by adding 0.3 wt% NH2‐MIL‐101 (Cr) along with 2.5% poly(butyl acrylate‐block‐styrene) to the epoxy adhesive, the lap shear strength of samples increased from 1.05 ± 0.08 MPa to 5.25 ± 0.06 MPa compared to the neat epoxy adhesive. According to the TGA test, the highest thermal stability is related to the sample containing 0.3 wt% of NH2‐MIL‐101 nanoparticles and 2.5 wt% of the copolymer. The image of the fracture surface of the sample containing 0.3 wt%. NH2‐MIL‐101 (Cr) and 2.5 wt% block copolymer shows that the interface of nanoparticles and the matrix improved due to the chemical reaction of functional groups of nanoparticles and adhesive matrix.
Synergistic effects of PtAu and PtAg nanoparticles in hydrogel composites for enhanced environmental catalysis
Authors: Zhang Anyu , Meng Dapeng , Zhang Jianan , Wang Zhao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBimetallic nanoparticles were successfully synthesized within hydrogel composites by the glow discharge plasma reduction method at room temperature. The addition of Au or Ag effectively stabilized the valence state of Pt and prevented its oxidation. Due to the combination of low operating temperature and high specific surface area provided by the wrinkles and porous structures of gelatin, the metal particles exhibit high dispersion within the composite. The Gel‐Pt3Au‐5mM and Gel‐Pt3Ag‐5mM achieved a complete reduction of methylene blue (MB) in just 20 and 16 s, respectively. Properly selected components alter the electron density on the surface of composites, thereby enhancing the adsorbate's binding capability and reducing the activation energy barrier. This superior catalytic performance surpasses that of monometallic catalysts in the reduction of MB.
Targeting glutamine dependence with DRP‐104 inhibits proliferation and tumor growth of castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Moon David , Hauck J. Spencer , Jiang Xue , Quang Holly , Xu Lingfan , Zhang Fan , Gao Xia , Wild Robert , Everitt Jeffrey I. , Macias Everardo , He Yiping , Huang Jiaoti 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) continues to be one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in men. While androgen deprivation therapy is initially effective, castration‐resistant PCa (CRPC) often recurs and has limited treatment options. Our previous study identified glutamine metabolism to be critical for CRPC growth. The glutamine antagonist 6‐diazo‐5‐oxo‐l‐norleucine (DON) blocks both carbon and nitrogen pathways but has dose‐limiting toxicity. The prodrug DRP‐104 is expected to be preferentially converted to DON in tumor cells to inhibit glutamine utilization with minimal toxicity. However, CRPC cells' susceptibility to DRP‐104 remains unclear.MethodsHuman PCa cell lines (LNCaP, LAPC4, C4‐2/MDVR, PC‐3, 22RV1, NCI‐H660) were treated with DRP‐104, and effects on proliferation and cell death were assessed. Unbiased metabolic profiling and isotope tracing evaluated the effects of DRP‐104 on glutamine pathways. Efficacy of DRP‐104 in vivo was evaluated in a mouse xenograft model of neuroendocrine PCa, NCI‐H660.ResultsDRP‐104 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in CRPC cell lines. Metabolite profiling showed decreases in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and nucleotide synthesis metabolites. Glutamine isotope tracing confirmed the blockade of both carbon pathway and nitrogen pathways. DRP‐104 treated CRPC cells were rescued by the addition of nucleosides. DRP‐104 inhibited neuroendocrine PCa xenograft growth without detectable toxicity.ConclusionsThe prodrug DRP‐104 blocks glutamine carbon and nitrogen utilization, thereby inhibiting CRPC growth and inducing apoptosis. Targeting glutamine metabolism pathways with DRP‐104 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for CRPC.
gPKPDviz: A flexible R shiny tool for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulations using mrgsolve
Authors: Lu Tong , Poon Victor , Brooks Logan , Velasquez Erick , Anderson Eric , Baron Kyle , Jin Jin Y. , Kågedal Matts 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGPKPDviz is a Shiny application (app) dedicated to real‐time simulation, visualization, and assessment of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models. Within the app, gPKPDviz is capable of generating virtual populations and complex dosing and sampling scenarios, which, together with the streamlined workflow, is designed to efficiently assess the impact of covariates and dosing regimens on PK/PD end points. The actual population data from clinical trials can be loaded into the app for simulation if desired. The app‐generated dosing regimens include single or multiple dosing, and more complex regimens, such as loading doses or intermittent dosing. When necessary, the dosing regimens can be defined externally and loaded to the app for simulation. Using mrgsolve as the simulation engine, gPKPDviz is typically used for population simulation, however, with a slight modification of the mrgsolve model, gPKPDviz is capable of performing individual simulations with individual post hoc parameters, individual dosing logs, and individual sampling timepoints through an external dataset. A built‐in text editor has a debugging feature for the mrgsolve model, providing the same error messages as model compilation in R. GPKPDviz has had stringent validation by comparing simulation results between the app and using mrgsolve in R. GPKPDviz is a member of the suite of Modeling and Simulation Shiny apps developed at Genentech to facilitate the typical modeling work in Clinical Pharmacology. For broader access to the Pharmacometric community, gPKPDviz has been published as an open‐source application in GitHub under the terms of GNU General Public License.
Tandem mass tag‐based quantitative proteomics analyses of the spermatogenesis‐ameliorating effect of Youjing granule on rats
Authors: Jiang Xuping , Zhu Wenjiao , Sun Yaoxiang , Wang Sijia , Sun Miaomiao , Tang Ruijie , Tang Zhian , Ma Tieliang 
Published: December 2023

RationaleMale infertility is a common reproductive system disease manifested as aberrant spermatogenesis and identified as “kidney deficiency and dampness” in Chinese traditional medicine. Youjing granule (YG) is a Chinese material medica based on tonifying kidneys and removing dampness. It has proven to be able to regulate semen quality in clinical application, but the underlying mechanism has not been clarified.MethodsUsing serum containing YG to treat primarily cultured spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), the apoptotic rate and mitosis phase ratio of SSCs were measured. The liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with tandem mass tags method was applied for analyzing the serum of rats treated with YG/distilled water, and proteomic analyses were performed to clarify the mechanisms of YG.ResultsTotally, 111 proteins in YG‐treated serum samples were differentially expressed compared with control groups, and 43 of them were identified as potential target proteins, which were further annotated based on their enrichment in Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Proteomic analyses showed that the mechanisms of YG may involve regulation of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and nucleotide‐binding and oligomerization domain‐like receptor signaling pathway. In addition, RhoA and Lamp2 were found to be possible responders of YG through reviewing the literature.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that our serum proteomics platform is clinically useful in understanding the mechanisms of YG.
Engineering anisotropic silver nanoparticles/TiO2 nanocomposites and its photodegradation process optimization under polychromatic light irradiation
Authors: Helene Gustavo Boniatti , de Souza Ono Pedro , Pellosi Diogo Silva 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, we engineered the functionalization of titanium dioxide (TiO2) with silver nanoparticles (AgNP) of different morphologies aiming the application of TiO2/AgNP nanocomposites as a smart photocatalytic material for environmental purposes. The characterizations confirmed TiO2‐Ag Schottky barrier formation, which allows the electron transfer process at the materials interface, increasing charge carriers lifetime. The photocatalysis process using methyl orange as a pollutant model in water and polychromatic Hg lamp was first maximized using factorial design statistics. Photodegradation kinetic evaluations showed that the nanocomposites were up to nine times more efficient than bare TiO2. The results show that dependence on AgNP size does not follow simple rules, while anisotropic AgNPs promoted higher efficiencies. Mechanism evaluation shows that photocatalysis occurred by three main routes: i) photoreduction of pollutant adsorbed on TiO2 surface; ii) reduction by radical superoxide; and iii) by hot electrons back injection on TiO2 conduction band. The effects ii and iii occurred preferentially at anisotropic nanostructures corners. In this scenario, photodegradation rates followed the order rod≥prisms>spheres. Therefore, this work systematic evaluated the influence of nanoparticle's morphology in the photocatalytic power of a TiO2/AgNP and points anisotropic AgNP‐functionalized nanocomposite as a promising nanomaterial for further environmental applications.
Antimicrobial Activity of N‐Substituted Derivatives of 5‐Chloro‐2,3‐ Diphenyl Indole
Authors: Sofan Mamdouh A. , El‐Ablack Fawzia Z. , Elsayed Aya I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe indole motif plays a significant role in the quest for innovative drugs. As proposed, novel N‐substituted indole derivatives were synthesized, and their efficacy against bacteria and fungi was evaluated in vitro. The synthesis of these compounds was confirmed using easily accessible building blocks, and their structural formulas were supported by corrected analytical and spectroscopic analyses. Fresh strains of Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, were utilized to assess the antibacterial and antifungal activities. Notably, the derivatives 1‐(phenyl (piperidine‐1‐yl) methyl)‐1H‐indole and 4‐(1H‐indol‐1‐yl) (phenyl) morpholine have strong antifungal effects on Candida albicans that are equivalent to those of the widely used drug fluconazole.