bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative CT-based deep learning radiomics model to predict lymph node metastasis and patient prognosis in bladder cancer: a two-center study
Authors: Sun Rui , Zhang Meng , Yang Lei , Yang Shifeng , Li Na , Huang Yonghua , Song Hongzheng , Wang Bo , Huang Chencui , Hou Feng , Wang Hexiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
To establish a model for predicting lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer (BCa) patients.

Methods
We retroactively enrolled 239 patients who underwent three-phase CT and resection for BCa in two centers (training set, n = 185; external test set, n = 54). We reviewed the clinical characteristics and CT features to identify significant predictors to construct a clinical model. We extracted the hand-crafted radiomics features and deep learning features of the lesions. We used the Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression algorithm to screen features. We used nine classifiers to establish the radiomics machine learning signatures. To compensate for the uneven distribution of the data, we used the synthetic minority over-sampling technique to retrain each machine-learning classifier. We constructed the combined model using the top-performing radiomics signature and clinical model, and finally presented as a nomogram. We evaluated the combined model’s performance using the area under the receiver operating characteristic, accuracy, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis. We used the Kaplan–Meier survival curve to analyze the prognosis of BCa patients.

Results
The combined model incorporating radiomics signature and clinical model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.834 (95% CI: 0.659–1.000) for the external test set. The calibration curves and decision curve analysis demonstrated exceptional calibration and promising clinical use. The combined model showed good risk stratification performance for progression-free survival.

Conclusion
The proposed CT-based combined model is effective and reliable for predicting lymph node status of BCa patients preoperatively.

Critical relevance statement
Bladder cancer is a type of urogenital cancer that has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Lymph node metastasis is an independent risk factor for death in bladder cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the performance of a deep learning radiomics model for preoperatively predicting lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer patients.

Key points
• Conventional imaging is not sufficiently accurate to determine lymph node status.
• Deep learning radiomics model accurately predicted bladder cancer lymph node metastasis.
• The proposed method showed satisfactory patient risk stratification for progression-free survival.

Graphical Abstract
A matched case-control study of early cervical spondylotic myelopathy based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Ni Ming , Li Shujing , Wen Xiaoyi , Wang Ben , Jiang Chenyu , Zhang Xianchang , Lang Ning , Jiang Liang , Yuan Huishu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Early cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is challenging to diagnose and easily missed. Diffusion MRI (dMRI) has the potential to identify early CSM.

Methods
Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), a 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to evaluate the potential of dMRI in identifying early CSM and assessing uncompressed segments of CSM patients. CSM patients and volunteers were matched by age and spinal location. The differences in dMRI parameters between groups were assessed by the paired t-test, the multicollinearity of the dMRI parameters was evaluated by the variance inflation factor (VIF), and the value of dMRI parameters in distinguishing controls from CSM patients was determined by logistic regression. The univariate t-test was used to analyse differences between CSM patients and volunteers in adjacent uncompressed areas.

Results
In total, 56 CSM patients and 56 control volunteers were included. Paired t-tests revealed significant differences in nine dMRI parameters between groups. Multicollinearity calculated through VIF and combined with logistic regression showed that the orientation division index (ODI) was significantly positively correlated (r = 2.12, p = 0.035), and the anisotropic water fraction (AWF) was significantly negatively correlated (r = −0.98, p = 0.015). The fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), isotropic volume fraction (ISOVF), ODI, and AWF were significantly different in the upper and lower uncompressed areas at all ages.

Conclusion
dMRI can noninvasively identify early CSM patients and potentially identify the extent of CSM lesions involving the cervical spinal cord.

Critical relevance statement
Diffusion MRI (dMRI) can identify early cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and has the potential to help determine the extent of CSM involvement. The application of dMRI can help screen for early CSM and develop clinical surgical and rehabilitation treatment plans.

Key points
• Diffusion MRI can differentiate between normal and early-stage cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients.
• Diffusion MRI has the ability to identify the extent of spinal cord involvement in cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
• Diffusion MRI enables the early screening of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and helps guide clinical treatment.

Graphical Abstract
Blow-up solutions for a 4-dimensional semilinear elliptic system of Liouville type in some general cases
Authors: Baraket Sami , Ghorbal Anis Ben , Chetouane Rima , Grine Azedine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the existence of singular limit solutions for a nonlinear elliptic system of Liouville type under Navier boundary conditions in a bounded open domain of $\mathbb{R}^{4}$

R
4

. The concerned results are obtained employing the nonlinear domain decomposition method and a Pohozaev-type identity.
Least energy nodal solutions for a weighted $(N, p)$-Schrödinger problem involving a continuous potential under exponential growth nonlinearity
Authors: Baraket Sami , Dridi Brahim , Grine Azedine , Jaidane Rached 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article aims to investigate the existence of nontrivial solutions with minimal energy for a logarithmic weighted $(N,p)$
(
N
,
p
)
-Laplacian problem in the unit ball B of $\mathbb{R}^{N}$

R
N

, $N>2$
N
>
2
. The nonlinearities of the equation are critical or subcritical growth, which is motivated by weighted Trudinger–Moser type inequalities. Our approach is based on constrained minimization within the Nehari set, the quantitative deformation lemma, and degree theory results.
Reported antibiotic use among patients in the multicenter ANDEMIA infectious diseases surveillance study in sub-saharan Africa
Authors: Wieters Imke , Johnstone Siobhan , Makiala-Mandanda Sheila , Poda Armel , Akoua-Koffi Chantal , Abu Sin Muna , Eckmanns Tim , Galeone Valentina , Kaboré Firmin Nongodo , Kahwata François , Leendertz Fabian H. , Mputu Benoit , Ouedraogo Abdoul-Salam , Page Nicola , Schink Susanne B. , Touré Fidèle Sounan , Traoré Adjaratou , Venter Marietjie , Vietor Ann Christin , Schubert Grit , Tomczyk Sara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Exposure to antibiotics has been shown to be one of the drivers of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is critical to address when planning and implementing strategies for combatting AMR. However, data on antibiotic use in sub-Saharan Africa are still limited. Using hospital-based surveillance data from the African Network for Improved Diagnostics, Epidemiology and Management of Common Infectious Agents (ANDEMIA), we assessed self-reported antibiotic use in multiple sub-Saharan African countries.

Methods
ANDEMIA included 12 urban and rural health facilities in Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Republic of South Africa. Patients with acute respiratory infection (RTI), acute gastrointestinal infection (GI) and acute febrile disease of unknown cause (AFDUC) were routinely enrolled, and clinical, demographic, socio-economic and behavioral data were collected using standardized questionnaires. An analysis of ANDEMIA data from February 2018 to May 2022 was conducted. Reported antibiotic use in the ten days prior to study enrolment were described by substance and by the WHO AWaRe classification (“Access”, “Watch”, “Reserve”, and “Not recommended” antibiotics). Frequency of antibiotic use was stratified by location, disease syndrome and individual patient factors.

Results
Among 19,700 ANDEMIA patients, 7,258 (36.8%) reported antibiotic use. A total of 9,695 antibiotics were reported, including 54.7% (n = 5,299) from the WHO Access antibiotic group and 44.7% (n = 4,330) from the WHO Watch antibiotic group. The Watch antibiotic ceftriaxone was the most commonly reported antibiotic (n = 3,071, 31.7%). Watch antibiotic use ranged from 17.4% (56/322) among RTI patients in Côte d’Ivoire urban facilities to 73.7% (630/855) among AFDUC patients in Burkina Faso urban facilities. Reported antibiotic use included WHO Not recommended antibiotics but no Reserve antibiotics.

Conclusions
Reported antibiotic use data from this multicenter study in sub-Saharan Africa revealed a high proportion of WHO Watch antibiotics. Differences in Watch antibiotic use were found by disease syndrome, country and health facility location, which calls for a more differentiated approach to antibiotic use interventions including further evaluation of accessibility and affordability of patient treatment.
Association between visceral adiposity and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Authors: Nameni Ghazaleh , Jazayeri Shima , Salehi Masoud , Esrafili Ali , Hajebi Ahmad , Motevalian Seyed Abbas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and objectives
Due to an increased rate of inflammation in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), insight into the mediating factors in the onset and recurrence of the inflammatory response can help to achieve novel treatments for alleviating the risk of GAD. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the possible relationship between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as an important intermediary in inflammation pathways and GAD in participants of the Employees’ Health Cohort Study of Iran (EHCSIR).

Method
We analyzed the data from 3889 included participants aged > 18 years in the EHCSIR study, which were collected from 2017 to 2020. Lifetime and 12-month GAD were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-2.1) questionnaire. The adjusted prevalence ratio was computed to evaluate the association between GAD and visceral adiposity index (VAI), GAD and visceral fat area (VFA), GAD and body mass index (BMI) and ultimately GAD and waist circumference (WC) in males and females using STATA software.

Results
Log-binomial analysis showed a higher prevalence ratio of 12-month GAD associated with VFA in women [PR: 1.42, CI: 1.07–1.87, P: 0.015]. The prevalence of lifetime GAD was higher in obese women (BM1 > 30) [PR: 2.35, CI: 1.07–5.13, P:0.03] than in women with normal BMI. Women with higher VAI were also significantly more likely to suffer lifetime GAD [PR: 1.25, CI: 1.05]. 1.48, P:0.01]. In males, the prevalence of lifetime diagnosed GAD per 1 standard deviation increase in VFA was 0.65 [CI: 0.46–0.91, P: 0.01].

Conclusion
Visceral adiposity as a positive agent was associated with GAD prevalence in women. The presence of GAD symptoms showed no relationship to VFA in men.
Crustal density structure investigation of the East China Sea and adjacent regions using wavenumber domain 3D density imaging method
Authors: He Huiyou , Sun Heping , Fang Jian , Guo Dongmei , Li Jinbo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe East China Sea, situated at the intersection of the Eurasian, Philippine Sea, and Pacific plates, is characterized by complex geology influenced by tectonic phenomena such as plate movements, volcanism, faults, and uplifts. Crustal density structure inversion provides a thorough understanding of the region's geological history as well as Earth's dynamical evolution, providing critical insights into seismic disaster mitigation, resource exploration, marine environmental protection, and maritime safety. The inversion process, on the other hand, presents challenges in data quality, quantity, model complexity, uncertainty, and computational resources. With the advancement of next-generation satellite gravity measurements and developing inversion techniques, the inversion of marine crustal density structures promises to be more precise and comprehensive. We explored the density distribution in the East China Sea and surrounding areas using an innovative wavenumber domain three-dimensional density imaging method along with high-precision global satellite gravity data. By overcoming data quality and computing resource constraints, wavenumber domain three-dimensional density imaging has transformed the discipline of marine geophysics, successfully delivering accurate density distributions in the study area. We were able to get a more precise and comprehensive characterization of the crustal density structure by combining high-precision satellite gravity data and cutting-edge imaging methods. Our investigation has unveiled previously unknown details about density distribution in the East China Sea and its environs. The East China Sea shelf displays smooth low-density perturbations at 18 km depth, whereas the trench–arc–basin region exhibits increasing density perturbations. Notably, the Okinawa Trough, which is surrounded by the Tokara Volcanic Ridge and the Ryukyu Trench, displays strong positive anomalies with a north–northeastern to northeastern orientation. In contrast, the Ryukyu Ridge and the Philippine Sea Basin exhibit smaller negative values and substantial northwestward positive density trends, respectively. These findings indicate diverse material distribution, which provides important insights into the area’s geological evolution and tectonic processes. This study adds new insights into density distribution in the East China Sea and adjacent regions, offering information on the geological complexity of the region. The research lays the groundwork for future research on crustal dynamics and enhances the field of marine geophysics and related disciplines.
Graphical abstract
Relationship between animal-based on-farm indicators and meat inspection data in pigs
Authors: Witt Johanna , Krieter Joachim , Büttner Kathrin , Wilder Thore , Hasler Mario , Bussemas Ralf , Witten Stephanie , Czycholl Irena 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to validate slaughterhouse indicators collected during meat inspection as an alternative to on-farm animal welfare indicators. For this purpose, the assessments of twelve on-farm and seven slaughterhouse indicators of 628 pigs from three different farms were combined into three indices, differentiated between on-farm and slaughterhouse: (1) limb health, (2) other organ health, and (3) respiratory health. At first, an assessment at animal-level using agreement parameters was carried out to ascertain whether the same welfare or health issues were identified on-farm and at slaughterhouse, taking the production period (farrowing, rearing and fattening period) and the last weeks before slaughtering into account. Second, the connection of slaughterhouse findings on the individual on-farm health indices was examined using logistic regressions, to determine whether certain welfare issues can be better monitored using slaughterhouse indicators.

Results
Acceptable agreement was determined using the Prevalence-Adjusted Bias-Adjusted Kappa (PABAK) for the farrowing and fattening period, but not for the rearing period. A more detailed analysis of the weeks before slaughter shows that there is still a poor agreement 8 weeks before slaughter and an acceptable agreement 4 weeks before slaughter. This indicated the slaughterhouse indicators pneumonia, pleuritis and pericarditis as possible estimators of fever and deviant behavior on-farm and the slaughterhouse indicators bursitis and joint inflammations as possible estimators of lameness. In the second part of the analysis, the connection of slaughterhouse findings on the individual on-farm health indices was investigated; a significant influence of the farm on the limb and respiratory indices and no significant influence of the slaughterhouse findings could be determined, provided that all weekly assessments during the lifetime of the pigs have been taken into account. However, an influence of the slaughterhouse findings on the respiratory index and on the other organ index could be determined if only the weekly assessments four and eight weeks before slaughter, respectively, were taken into account.

Conclusions
In general, the possible suitable indicators detected by the PABAK, could replace some health-related indicators but a complete substitution of on-farm welfare assessment is not possible. In addition, the traceability over time must be investigated further.
Comprehensive analysis revealed the immunoinflammatory targets of rheumatoid arthritis based on intestinal flora, miRNA, transcription factors, and RNA-binding proteins databases, GSEA and GSVA pathway observations, and immunoinfiltration typing
Authors: Guan Yin , Zhang Yue , Zhao Xiaoqian , Wang Yue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and possible pathogenesis of RA using various bioinformatics analysis tools.

Methods
The GMrepo database provided a visual representation of the analysis of intestinal flora. We selected the GSE55235 and GSE55457 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) separately. With the intersection of these DEGs with the target genes associated with RA found in the GeneCards database, we obtained the DEGs targeted by RA (DERATGs). Subsequently, Disease Ontology, Gene Ontology, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were used to analyze DERATGs functionally. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were performed on the data from the gene expression matrix. Additionally, the protein-protein interaction network, transcription factor (TF)-targets, target-drug, microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA networks, and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs)-DERATGs correlation analyses were built. The CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the inflammatory immune state. The single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) algorithm and differential analysis of DERATGs were used among the infiltration degree subtypes.

Results
There were some correlations between the abundance of gut flora and the prevalence of RA. A total of 54 DERATGs were identified, mainly related to immune and inflammatory responses and immunodeficiency diseases. Through GSEA and GSVA analysis, we found pathway alterations related to metabolic regulations, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiency-related disorders. We obtained 20 hub genes and 2 subnetworks. Additionally, we found that 39 TFs, 174 drugs, 2310 miRNAs, and several RBPs were related to DERATGs. Mast, plasma, and naive B cells differed during immune infiltration. We discovered DERATGs’ differences among subtypes using the ssGSEA algorithm and subtype grouping.

Conclusions
The findings of this study could help with RA diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted molecular treatment.
Assessment of perinatal anxiety: diagnostic accuracy of five measures
Authors: Ayers Susan , Coates Rose , Sinesi Andrea , Cheyne Helen , Maxwell Margaret , Best Catherine , McNicol Stacey , Williams Louise R. , Uddin Nazihah , Hutton Una , Howard Grace , Shakespeare Judy , Walker James J. , Alderdice Fiona , Jomeen Julie ,   the MAP Study Team
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAnxiety in pregnancy and after giving birth (the perinatal period) is highly prevalent but under-recognised. Robust methods of assessing perinatal anxiety are essential for services to identify and treat women appropriately.AimsTo determine which assessment measures are most psychometrically robust and effective at identifying women with perinatal anxiety (primary objective) and depression (secondary objective).MethodWe conducted a prospective longitudinal cohort study of 2243 women who completed five measures of anxiety and depression (Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD) two- and seven-item versions; Whooley questions; Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE-10); and Stirling Antenatal Anxiety Scale (SAAS)) during pregnancy (15 weeks, 22 weeks and 31 weeks) and after birth (6 weeks). To assess diagnostic accuracy a sample of 403 participants completed modules of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).ResultsThe best diagnostic accuracy for anxiety was shown by the CORE-10 and SAAS. The best diagnostic accuracy for depression was shown by the CORE-10, SAAS and Whooley questions, although the SAAS had lower specificity. The same cut-off scores for each measure were optimal for identifying anxiety or depression (SAAS ≥9; CORE-10 ≥9; Whooley ≥1). All measures were psychometrically robust, with good internal consistency, convergent validity and unidimensional factor structure.ConclusionsThis study identified robust and effective methods of assessing perinatal anxiety and depression. We recommend using the CORE-10 or SAAS to assess perinatal anxiety and the CORE-10 or Whooley questions to assess depression. The GAD-2 and GAD-7 did not perform as well as other measures and optimal cut-offs were lower than currently recommended.
Characteristics and Survival Outcomes of Patients With Metastatic RET Fusion–Positive Solid Tumors Receiving Non-RET Inhibitor Standards of Care in a Real-World Setting
Authors: Hackshaw Allan , Fajardo Otto , Dafni Urania , Gelderblom Hans , Garrido Pilar , Siena Salvatore , Taylor Matthew H. , Bordogna Walter , Nikolaidis Christos 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE RET fusions are oncogenic drivers across different solid tumors. However, the genomic landscape and natural history of patients with RET fusion–positive solid tumors are not well known. We describe the clinical characteristics of RET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-naïve patients with RET fusion–positive solid tumors (excluding non–small-cell lung cancer [NSCLC]), treated in a real-world setting and assess the prognostic effect of RET fusions. METHODS Data for RET TKI-naïve patients with metastatic solid tumors (excluding NSCLC) who had ≥one Foundation Medicine comprehensive genomic profiling test (January 1, 2011-March 31, 2022) were obtained from a deidentified nationwide (US-based) clinicogenomic database. The primary objective of this study was to compare the overall survival (OS) of patients with RET fusion–positive tumors versus matched patients with RET wild-type ( RET-WT) tumors. Patients with RET-WT solid tumors were matched (4:1) to patients with RET fusion–positive tumors on the basis of preselected covariates. RESULTS The study population included 26 patients in the RET fusion–positive cohort, 7,220 patients in the RET-WT cohort (before matching), and 104 patients in the matched RET-WT cohort. Co-occurring genomic alterations were rare in the RET fusion–positive cohort. Median OS was consistently lower in patients with RET fusion–positive tumors versus those with RET-WT tumors, using three different analyses (hazard ratios, 2.0, 1.7, and 2.2). CONCLUSION These data suggest that RET fusions represent a negative prognostic factor in patients with metastatic solid tumors and highlight the need for wider genomic testing and use of RET-specific TKIs that could improve patient outcomes. Our study also highlights the value of real-world data when studying rare cancers or cancers with rare genomic alterations.