bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trade openness, human capital, natural resource and carbon emission nexus: A CS-ARDL assessment for Central Asian Economies
Authors: Feng Meng Qing , Morake Otsile , Sampene Agyemang Kwasi , Agyeman Fredrick Oteng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
There is a call for global efforts to preserve the ecological systems that can sustain economies and people’s lives. However, carbon emission (CEM) poses a danger to the sustainability of humanity and ecological systems. This analysis looked into the influence of energy use (ERU), human capital (HCI), trade openness (TOP, natural resource (NRR), population, and economic growth (ENG) on CEM. The paper gathered panel data ranging from 1990 to 2020 from the Central Asia region. The CS-ARDL was applied to establish the long-term interaction among the indicators. The paper findings indicated the presence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in the Central Asia regions. Also, the empirical evidence highlighted that energy use, natural resources, and trade openness cause higher levels of CEM. However, the research verified that CEM can be improved through human capital and urban population growth. The study also found that HCI moderates the interaction between NRR and CEM. The causality assessment indicated a one-way interplay between ENG, ERU, NRR, and CEM. The study proposes that in order to support ecological stability in these regions, policy-makers should concentrate on developing human capital, investing in renewable energy sources, and utilizing contemporary technologies to harness natural resources in the economies of Central Asia.
Associations between Recurrent COVID-19, Attention, and Mental Health: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Khodami Mohammad Ahsan , Hosseini Seyed Mohammad , Bagheri Seyran , Kireeva Sofia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This two-part longitudinal study examined the impacts of initial and recurrent COVID-19 diagnosis on negative affect (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress) and attention control in undergraduate students during pandemic lockdowns. Study 1 found that first-time diagnosis was associated with significantly higher depression, anxiety, and stress but did not affect attention control. Study 2 showed recurrent diagnosis further worsened mental health outcomes yet was linked to enhanced attentional abilities, contrasting typical condition declines. Within-subjects analysis demonstrated a worsening effect but improved attention control from first to second-time points among repeatedly diagnosed participants. Overall, both initial and recurrent diagnoses severely impact psychological well-being with cumulative mental health tolls, underscoring the need to prioritize supporting mental health. However, attentional resilience emerges, potentially reflecting an adaptive coping response. Continued research tracking patients across multiple infections can clarify relationships between worsening emotions and improved attention, informing interventions to address the multifaceted health impacts of COVID-19 reinfection.
Magma chamber longevity on Mars and its controls on crustal structure and composition
Authors: Chatterjee Arka , Huber Christian , III James Head , Bachmann Olivier 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In volcanically active planetary bodies, the depths and longevity of crustal magma storage critically control eruptibility and crustal composition. A paucity of observations has challenged our understanding of the development of crustal magma storage systems in Mars and its role behind the lack of evolved compositions. Here, we use numerical modelling, together with recent results from the InSight mission, to study the evolution of crustal magma chambers on Mars and conditions that promote their growth and eruptibility. We find that the Martian crust can be divided, by depth, into three major domains. At depths ≤15km (~1.5kbar), trapped magma pods are small, short-lived, with high diking potential, hindering the production of evolved compositions. While depths >25km (~2.5kbar) can host long-lived magma chambers, 15-25km (~2 ± 0.5kbar) marks a transition where magma chambers could grow while expelling magma. Interestingly, this narrow depth window overlaps with the depth of an intra-crustal discontinuity reported by InSight, suggesting a possible magmatic origin for the discontinuity. We further show that crustal rheology strongly controls this transition depth. Our results also support the possibility of deep-seated magmatism underneath the seismically active Cerberus Fossae, suggesting that magmatism continues to play a major role in shaping the Martian crust.
Bridging the Gap in Rural Emergency Care: A Scoping Review of Living Lab Hospitals and their Potential in Rural Healthcare
Authors: JOYAL ROSE , Tounkara Fatoumata Korika , Singhroy Diane , Fleet Richard 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background. Rural Canadian hospitals are increasingly vulnerable to service reductions and emergency department closures, compromising the emergency care access for the 6 million residents (20% of the population) living in these areas. Current standards for rural emergency care in Canada are outdated, necessitating innovative, locally adapted solutions. The Living Lab concept, a collaborative, real-world innovation ecosystem involving patients, citizens, healthcare professionals, learners and researchers, may address this gap. In 2020, we initiated a rural Living Lab hospital project in Charlevoix, Québec, where no prior studies on such hospitals existed. Our research aims to assess the current state of literature on rural Living Lab hospitals.
Objectives. Our specific goal was to examine and characterize the existing research on Living Lab Hospitals in rural settings while precisely identifying areas where further research is required.
Methodology. Our scoping review was conducted through a structured five-stage process: [1] problem formulation, [2] literature search, across five databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Sciences, [3] data evaluation and analysis, [4] data collection and summary, and [5] presentation.
Results. A total of 212 studies from Embase, 134 from MEDLINE, 91 from CINAHL, 10 from Web of Science, and 4 from PubMed were initially part of our analysis. After eliminating 169 duplicate entries, our team scrutinized 282 titles and abstracts. Given our primary aim of identifying living labs based in rural hospital settings, only our original publication, “A Canadian Rural Living Lab Hospital: Implementing solutions for improving rural emergency care”, was found.
Conclusion: This scoping review indicates a stark research deficit on Living Lab hospitals in rural contexts, with only one relevant study identified. This highlights a critical need for further investigation into the adoption and impact of Living Lab models in rural healthcare. Given the risks faced by rural emergency services, it is vital to prioritize research in this area to improve and innovate care for vulnerable populations.
Quality Assessment of Biomass Pellets Available on the Market; Example From Poland
Authors: Drobniak Agnieszka , Jelonek Zbigniew , Mastalerz Maria , Jelonek Iwona , Widziewicz-Rzońca Kamila 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This study evaluates the quality of 30 biomass pellets sold for residential use in Poland. It provides data on their physical, chemical, and petrographic properties and compares them to existing standards and the information provided by the fuel producers. The results reveal considerable variations in the quality of the pellets and show that some of the purchased samples are not within the DINplus and/or ENplus certification thresholds. Among all 30 purchased samples, only one passes the quality thresholds set by the US-PL BIO, a newly established quality certification in Poland that combines quality assessment following DINplus with optical microscopy analysis. The primary issues causing a decrease in pellet quality include elevated ash and fines content, compromised mechanical durability, too low ash melting temperature, and additions of undesired additions like bark, inorganic matter, and petroleum products. Our research highlights the need for improved fuel quality control measures, and transparent and accurate product labeling, as well as the need for a comprehensive and publicly available national database of solid biomass fuel producers and fuels sold. These are essential steps toward increasing customers’ awareness and trust, encouraging them to embrace biomass fuels as reliable and sustainable sources of energy.
Toxicity and bioconcentration of Bisphenol A alternatives in the freshwater pulmonate snail Planorbella pilsbryi
Authors: Gilroy Ève AM , Robichaud Karyn , Villella Maria , Chan Kara , McNabney David WG , Venier Carmen , Pham-Ho Victor , Strub Emilie Montreuil , Ravary Shelby A , Prosser Ryan S , Robinson Stacey A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The toxicity of Bisphenol A (BPA) and replacement products Bisphenol F (BPF), Bisphenol S (BPS), and Bisphenol AF (BPAF) was assessed in freshwater snail Planorbella pilsbryi embryos and adults. The chronic toxicity of BPA and BPAF was further characterized in 28-d tests with adult snails, followed by 21-d assessments of hatching and survival of embryos produced at the end of the test (F1 generation). BPAF was the most toxic of the compounds tested, followed by BPA, BPF, and BPS. In the chronic test with BPA, although we observed no significant effects on adult snails, the hatching and survival of juveniles from the F1 generation was affected at the highest concentration (Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration [MATC]: 0.032 mg/L). We did not observe the same differences during exposure to BPAF. Though some overlap existed, effects were observed at concentrations above most reported environmental exposure values. Given that concentrations of alternative products are expected to increase, and in the absence of data on potential effects of mixtures, further research is needed.
Application of an artificial deaminase system for restoration of mutated mRNAs in the macular mouse caused by T&gt;C mutation
Authors: Tsukahara Toshifumi , Bhakta Sonali , Kodama Hiroko , Mimaki Masakazu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

RNA editing is a significant mechanism underlying genetic variation and protein molecule alteration; C-to-U RNA editing, specifically, is important in regulation of mammalian genetic diversity. The ability to define and limit access of the enzymatic machinery, to avoid modification of unintended targets, is key to the success of RNA editing. Identification of the core component of the apoB RNA editing holoenzyme, APOBEC, and investigation of new candidate genes encoding other elements of the complex could reveal further details of APOBEC mediated mRNA editing. Menkes disease is a recessive X chromosome-linked hereditary syndrome in humans, caused by defective copper metabolism due to mutations in theATP7Agene, which encodes a copper-transport protein. Here, we generated plasmids encoding the MS2 system and the APOBEC1 deaminase domain and used a guide RNA with flanking MS2 sites to restore mutatedAtp7ain fibroblasts from the macular mouse model of Menkes disease having T > C mutation. Around 35% of the mutated C nucleotide was restored to U, demonstrating that our RNA editing system is reliable and has potential for therapeutic clinical application. RNA base editing via human RNA-guided cytidine deaminases is a potentially attractive approach forin vivotherapeutic application and provides opportunities for new developments in this field.
Investigating snow avalanche in the Sikkim Himalaya through coherence and displacement mapping of Sentinel-1A SAR data
Authors: Devishri Kangjam , Thombson Chungkham , Rajkumar Kamaljit Singh , Maisnam Mamata , Pallipad Jayaprasad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A tragic incident occurred on April 4, 2023, in the Indian state of Sikkim, a part of the Eastern Himalayas. An avalanche hit the Nathula border area and trapped many tourists beneath the snowcovered debris. Avalanches usually happen after the foundation of the material has been weakened by intense precipitation. Climate change has intensified the frequency and intensity of avalanches in the past few years. Our study investigated the snow avalanche using satellite remote sensing techniques. We have used Sentinel-1A Single Look Complex products to study the coherence, line of sight (LOS) displacement, and vertical displacement of the region using the Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) technique. We found a substantial loss of coherence, increased LOS, and vertical displacement in the study region during the second half of March 2023 and the first half of April 2023. This observation coincides with the large-scale damage that occurred during this period. Estimations of vertical displacement associated with landslides and earthquakes are common. However, such observations in snow avalanche analysis are rare. Our study will significantly contribute to expanding the applications and usefulness of radar interferometry.
Perceptions and experiences of clinicians treating tobacco use among cannabis users in substance use treatment programs: A qualitative study
Authors: Martinez Cristina , Pla Marga , Feliu Ariadna , Enríquez Marta , Saura Judith , Cabezas Carmen , Colom Joan , Suelves Josep M. , Mondon Silvia , Barrio Pablo , Andreu Magalí , Raich Antònia , Bernabeu Jordi , Roca Xavier , Guydish Joseph , Fernández Esteve , study Group of clinicians involved in the recruitment of the 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The global demand for treatment of cannabis use disorder has significantly increased, prompting a need to understand effective strategies for addressing concurrent cannabis and tobacco use. This study focuses on clinicians' experiences and perceptions in delivering smoking cessation services to cannabis users.
Methods
Three focus groups consisting of substance use professionals in Catalonia, Spain, were analyzed using Atlas-ti software, revealing five main themes and 17 subthemes: (i) User characteristics; (ii) Professional characteristics; (iii) Models of intervention; (iv) Organizational healthcare models; and (v) Health policies. Clinicians stressed the importance of intervention models and the active role of professionals in addressing tobacco use within routine care.
Results
Clinicians believed that tobacco cessation could mitigate social isolation and chronic issues among cannabis users, especially those engaged in polydrug use. Recommendations included integrating smoking cessation into all services, reducing healthcare service fragmentation, improving resource accessibility, enhancing clinical documentation, and advocating for stronger population-level tobacco control policies.
Conclusions
Clinicians suggested adopting a personalized therapeutic approach, implementing a more comprehensive model with increased resources, and reinforcing population-level tobacco control policies to enhance intervention effectiveness.
OTOP1: A New Candidate Gene for Non-syndromic Peg Lateralis
Authors: lee Jae-Hoon , choi junglim , Kim Sungnam , Ahn Hyunsoo , Kim Donghyo , Cho Sung-Won , Kim Sanguk 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Although peg-shaped lateral incisors are a common dental anomaly, the genetic mechanisms underlying peg-shaped lateral incisors are poorly understood, particularly in cases without associated anomalies. The present study aimed to identify potential candidate genes contributing to the development of non-syndromic peg lateralis, by performing whole-exome sequencing (WES). Saliva samples were collected from 20 cases of unrelated Korean individuals that were; not associated with other anomalies. WES was conducted on these samples, and variants were filtered using criteria of a p-value < 0.05, a false discovery rate < 10− 10, and an odds ratio > 1. In silico mutation impact analysis was performed using Polymorphism Phenotyping v2, sorting intolerant from tolerant, and integrated score of co-evolution and conservation algorithms. We identified a heterozygous OTOP1 gene allele encoding the Otopetrin-1 protein, a proton channel, in all 20 individuals. Gene Ontology analysis revealed an association between OTOP1 and peg lateralis. We further confirmed that the peg lateralis candidate variant, rs199742451, of the same genotype was found in the family member of three subjects with the same phenotype. The results suggest a new possible function of OTOP1, which is yet to be studied, and identified it as a new candidate contributing to the development of peg lateralis. This study provides new insights into the genetic basis of non-syndromic peg lateralis and has important implications for further studies on the role of new genes in peg lateralis
Stepdown Infusion of Barbiturate improves Neurological Function in a New Rat Model of Rebleeding Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Authors: Kajiwara Sosho , Hasegawa Yu , Fujimori Kana , Morioka Motohiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The manuscript complies with all instructions to authors. Furthermore, authorship requirements have been met and the manuscript has been approved by all the authors. The manuscript has not been published elsewhere, nor is it under consideration by another journal.
All experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Kurume University and all applicable institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. The ARRIVE checklist was used in the current study. This study was funded by JSPS KAKENHI (grant number 23K08530), Taiju Life Social Welfare Foundation, and IUHW Research Grants.
CryoNeFEN: High-resolution reconstruction of cryo-EM structures using neural field network
Authors: Liu Manhua , Huang Yue , Chengguang Zhu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The elucidation of three-dimensional (3D) structures is crucial to unraveling protein function and illuminating mechanisms in structural biology. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) single-particle analysis provides direct measurements to determine the structures of macromolecules. However, the main challenge is reconstructing high-resolution 3D structures from extremely noisy and randomly oriented 2D projection images. Most existing methods primarily involve the optimization of multiple 2D slices in the Fourier domain but ignore the anisotropy among these slices, thus limiting the reconstruction of high-frequency structures. In this paper, we propose a cryo-EM neural field reconstruction network (cryoNeFEN), a new 3D spatial domain optimization paradigm, that learns a directional isotropic representation of the cryo-EM structure by mapping spatial coordinates to corresponding density values. We qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate cryoNeFEN on four experimental datasets. The results demonstrate the improved directional isotropy and 3D density resolution beyond the limits of existing algorithms in homogeneous reconstruction and resolve the missing elements of SARS-CoV-2 distinctly in heterogeneous reconstruction.
Functions IRBs on Saudi Arabia: what researchers think of IRB roles using (IRB-RAT) tool
Authors: AlFattani Areej , AlShahrani Asma , AlBedah Norah , Alkawi Ammar , AlMeharish Amani , Altwaijri Yasmin , Omar Abeer , AlKawi M. Zuheir , Khogeer Asim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: The ethics committee has the responsibility to comply with the rules and guidelines regarding oversight of all human research activities, particularly when the research study involves vulnerable people. It also has the role of educating researchers on ethical issues, scientific truthfulness, preventing misconduct and conflicts of interest. In our study we evaluate and benchmark the function of the local ethical committees across the country from the researchers point-of-view.
Methods: We employed an online IRB-RAT survey to measure perspectives of investigators towards IRB functions dealing with fairness issues, services, bias, and competences and upholding the rights of the human participants. Two responses were recorded: first shows how important an IRB function is for the investigator in his work, second shows how researchers rate their IRBs in being descriptive in that specific function. The difference of these two scores represent the outcome.
Results: We had 179 participants, 166(94%) researchers/research coordinators, and 13(7.2%) IRB members, 94 (53%) participants had been working in the research field for more than 11 years, and the majority 163(90%) revealed that they had IRB contact. The study participants’ have recognized the following IRB characteristics as vital: the absence of reviewer and committee biases, IRB respects the investigators, IRB takes into consideration the protection of human participants, IRB responses in timely manner, and that IRB maintains complete and accurate records.
Conclusion: The measuring tool in this study is applicable to assess the function of IRBs in Saudi Arabia. Further collaborations needed to enhance IRBs performance and to engage researchers into more productive communication with their IRBs.
Cultural adaptation and validation of the Sinhala version of the Spiritual Needs Assessment for Patients (S-SNAP) questionnaire
Authors: Ramadasa Udayangani , Silva Shehan , Perera Suraj , Lekamwasam Sarath 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Spiritual support for patients and caregivers of critically ill patients is associated with improved quality of life. This aspect, however, is not incorporated into the current care pathways in Sri Lanka. The Spiritual Needs Assessment for Patients (SNAP) questionnaire, comprised of 3 domains: psychosocial, spiritual and religious, gives a platform for clinicians to assess the spiritual needs of those patients. This study presents the results of validation of the Sinhala version of the SNAP (S-SNAP) questionnaire.
Methods
The SNAP was translated from English to Sinhala using the standard forward and backward translation process. After verifying the content validity, unambiguity and clarity of items in a focused group discussion, and a pilot study, the pre-final version was tested among 267 volunteers with cancer selected from three state-run cancer care institutions. Data were analysed for internal consistency and item-total correlations. Factor analysis was done using Varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization. A Scree plot was also made to determine the number of factors.
Results
The mean (SD) age of subjects was 63.2 (11.4) years. The total S-SNAP score ranged from 22–88 (maximum 88). The overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.94 while item-total correlations varied from 0.26–0.87. Total SNAP score showed inverse correlations with age, Charleson Comorbidity index and Barthel index while a positive correlation was seen with the Karnofsky performance status scale (p < 0.05). Kaiser-Meyer-Olkein value of 0.92 (P = < 0.001) for Bartlett’s test indicated adequate sampling and non-linearity of factors. The scree plot showed a four-factor structure explaining 76% variation. Meaning of life and relationship with a supernatural being and religious rituals are loaded as 2 different factors. Worries, fears and forgiveness are grouped as the third factor while relaxation, coping and sharing feelings are loaded separately.
Conclusions
The S-SNAP is a reliable and valid tool to assess spiritual suffering among patients with cancers conversant in the Sinhala language.
Uterine Preservation With Acar’s Atony Suture for Postpartum Uterine Atony
Authors: Acar Ali , Alan Cemre 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The leading cause of maternal death is postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) worldwide. Uterine atony is the main reason for postpartum haemorrhage. Uterine compression suture techniques have been described to control PPH. The aim of this study is to describe a new compression suture technique which is easy to apply and effective to stop PPH immediately.
METHODS
This is a retrospective study of all women received Acar’s uterine compressive atony suture between January 2021-November 2023 at a single tertiary hospital.
RESULTS
The new suture technique was successful in all cases.
CONCLUSION
Acar’s atony suture was effective to stop PPH due to uterine atony.