bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venus Too Kind
Authors: Hamilton W D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book does not intend to republish book reviews but I include this one partly because it is long and I gave it unusual care, and partly also because it marks a turning point in my interests away from social behaviour and towards the problem of sexuality. Just as altruism and its related topics were the first major interest of my life, the study of sexuality has been, roughly, the second. My present research concerns states of parasitism and disease, and counteradaptations of hosts, as all of these relate to sexuality. Papers mainly about how sex can be supported by parasitism will make up Volume 2 of these collected works. At the stage when I wrote the review, although I had not seen the particular relevance that parasitism might have, I had for many years seen sex looming ahead and had reached the stage of being excited by the possible primary role of biotic interaction. I had decided that it was in aspects of the interspecies struggle, and not survival in the inanimate environment, that I had to search for the main factor. Adaptation to new physical habitats might be helped by novelties made possible through sexuality but these adaptations could not be the main reason for its existence.
A Research Operations, Management, and Strategy Fellowship for Life Sciences PhD Graduates
Authors: Steen Kaylee , VanDenBerg Kelly R. , Servoss Jonathan , Subramanian Shoba , Grieb Teri A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Problem
With less than 25% of PhD-trained scientists in the United States securing a tenure-track faculty position following training, nonacademic careers have become common. As the academic research enterprise has increased, business-oriented careers have emerged. The Research Operations, Management, and Strategy (ROMS) Fellowship was developed to increase awareness of and prepare life sciences PhD graduates for business-focused careers.

Approach
The ROMS Fellowship was developed from March through December 2018 by the University of Michigan Medical School. Launched in 2019 and based on real-world experiences, the 2-year ROMS Fellowship combines immersion rotations and project work to develop an understanding of foundational infrastructure across the full spectrum of research.

Outcomes
From 2019 to 2022, there were 4 ROMS Fellowship recruitment cycles, with a mean of 7 applicants per cycle and 2 fellows selected each year. Of the 8 fellows recruited, 5 (62.5%) joined directly from PhD training, whereas 3 (37.5%) had 2 to 6 years of postdoctoral training. Fellows have worked with 26 departments on 44 rotation projects and 30 impact projects and self-reported significant skill development in communicating with diverse stakeholders, strategic thinking, using new tools and resources, developing and scoping a project plan, and managing and leading a project. To date, 4 fellows have completed the program and were hired immediately into full-time positions at the University of Michigan Medical School.

Next Steps
Early feedback indicates that the program has been well received and effective. Previously, program refinement was directed by qualitative input from fellows and unit directors. However, for future cohorts, assessment tools will be implemented to capture qualitative and quantitative data to measure acquired skills and how program components contribute to professional development and career placement. A longitudinal follow-up will also be conducted with program alumni to track longer-term outcomes and career pathways.
Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Omicron-SARS-CoV-2 Subvariants in Children 5–11 Years of Age in Quebec, Canada, January 2022 to January 2023
Authors: Razafimandimby Harimahefa , Sauvageau Chantal , Ouakki Manale , Carazo Sara , Skowronski Danuta M. , De Serres Gaston 
Published: November 2023

Background:
In premarketing clinical trials conducted before Omicron emergence, BNT162b2 vaccine efficacy against COVID-19 was 90% in children. We conducted postmarketing evaluation of 1- and 2-dose vaccine effectiveness (VE) against Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/5 subvariants in 5- to 11-year olds.

Methods:
We estimated VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection using a test-negative design. Specimens collected between January 9, 2022, and January 7, 2023, from children 5–11 years old in Quebec, Canada, and tested by nucleic acid amplification test were eligible. We estimated VE by time since last vaccine dose, interval between doses and by period of Omicron subvariant predominance.

Results:
A total of 48,826 NAATs were included in overall analysis. From 14–55 to 56–385 days postvaccination, 2-dose VE against symptomatic infection decreased from 68% (95% CI, 62–74) to 25% (95% CI, 11–36). Two-dose VE with restriction to specimens collected from acute care hospitals (emergency rooms or wards) did not decline but was stable at ~40%. VE against symptomatic infection remained comparable at any interval between doses but increased with longer interval among children tested in acute care settings, from 18% (95% CI, –17 to 44) with 21- to 55-day interval to 69% (95% CI, 43–86) with ≥84-day interval. Two-dose VE against symptomatic infection dropped from 70% (95% CI, 63–76) during BA.1, to 32% (95% CI, 13–47) with BA.2 and to nonprotective during BA.4/5 dominance.

Conclusions:
In children 5–11 years of age, VE against symptomatic infection was stable at any interval between doses but decreased with time since the last dose and against more divergent omicron subvariants.
Pharmacological Management of Cholera: A Century of Expert Opinions in Cecil Textbook of Medicine
Authors: Hassoun Sama , Leasu Florin , Manu Peter , Rogozea Liliana M. , Dinu Eleonora , Cocuz Maria Elena 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Cholera is a potentially lethal diarrheal disease produced by Vibrio cholerae serotypes O1 El Tor and O139. Known since antiquity, the condition causes epidemics in many areas, particularly in Asia, Africa, and South America. Left untreated, the mortality may reach 50%. The crucial therapeutic intervention is intravenous or oral rehydration and correction of acidosis, dyselectrolytemia, and renal impairment. Antibiotic use represents the main pharmacological intervention.

Study Question:
What are the milestones of the antibiotics use recommended by experts for the pharmacological management of cholera in the past century?

Study Design:
To determine the changes in the experts' approach to the management of cholera and particularly the use of antibiotics as presented in a widely used textbook in the United States.

Data Sources:
The chapters describing the management of cholera in the 26 editions of Cecil Textbook of Medicine published from 1927 through 2020.

Results:
Sulfonamides were recommended in 1947, followed by the introduction of tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and furazolidone in 1955. The options were restricted in 2000 to doxycycline. In the past decade, patients infected with strains known to have a degree a resistance to tetracyclines were treated with azithromycin or ciprofloxacin. Antibiotic use decreases the volume of stool and the duration of diarrhea but has not been considered lifesaving. Drugs with antimotility, antiemetic, or antisecretory properties are not useful.

Conclusions:
The utility of antibiotic use in cholera has been endorsed by experts, but only as an adjunct to rapid and complete fluid and electrolyte replacement.
Female ownership and female directors’ moderating role as corporate governance monitoring mechanisms in increasing the value of Thai family-owned firms
Authors: Buachoom Wonlop Writthym , Amornkitvikai Yot , Al Farooque Omar , Sun Lan 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The phenomenon of “broken rungs” has prevented most women from attaining managerial positions relative to men. Despite this gender disparity in management, female executives are more likely to enhance shareholder trust due to higher ethical standards, which can be hypothesized to mitigate the negative impact of family ownership on firm value. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the moderating role of female ownership and female directors in mitigating the unfavorable effects of family ownership on firm value as measured by Tobin’s Q and the Market Value of Equity (MVE).

Design/methodology/approach
Multiple linear regression is applied to examine the proposed hypotheses, as well as other vital factors, such as board independence (BI), the dual chief executive officer (CEO)–chairman role (CEO duality) and control variables (i.e. firm size, firm age, leverage and investment ratio).

Findings
The results revealed that female directors could buffer the negative impact caused by family ownership, leading to higher firm value, when given a sufficient level of female ownership or the appointment of more female directors, regardless of female ownership levels. Otherwise, female ownership cannot help overcome the negative effects of family ownership in Thai-listed firms. This study also sheds light on corporate governance elements that impact firm value. CEO duality reduces the value of Thai-listed companies, whereas board independence increases firm value.

Practical implications
The managerial roles for women should be promoted in Thai-listed enterprises. The government can support new laws, policies and programs for embracing a cross-cutting gender perspective. Female network initiatives enable women to advance in their managerial careers.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study intends to fill the research gap by investigating how female directors and owners can moderate family ownership’s influence on the value of firms listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET), which is one of the emerging capital markets.
A holistic view on business model-oriented energy communities
Authors: Bâra Adela , Oprea Simona Vasilica 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate and formulate several business models (BM) for various energy communities (EC) members: prosumers, storage facilities, electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, aggregators and local markets.Design/methodology/approachOne of the flexibility drivers is triggered by avoiding the cost and maximizing value that consists of delivering a service such as increasing generation or reducing consumption when it is valued most. The transition to greener economies led to the emergence of aggregators that aggregate bits of flexibility and handle the interest of their providers, e.g. small entities such as consumers, prosumers and other small service providers. On one hand, the research method consists of formulating six BM and implementing a BM that includes several consumers and an aggregator, namely, scheduling the household electricity consumption (downstream) and using flexibility to obtain revenue or avoid the cost. This is usually performed by reducing or shifting the consumption from peak to off-peak hours when the energy is cheaper. Thus, the role of aggregators in EC is significant as they intermediate small-scale energy threads and large entities' requirements, such as grid operators or retailers. On the other hand, in the proposed BM, the aggregators' strategy (upstream) will be to minimize the cost of electricity procurement using consumers’ flexibility. They set up markets to buy flexibility that is valued as long as their costs are reduced.FindingsInteresting insights are revealed, such as when the flexibility price doubles, the deficit coverage increases from 62% to 91% and both parties, consumers and retailers obtain financial benefits from the local market.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the limitations of using the potential of flexibility is related to the high costs that are necessary to implement direct load control. Another issue is related to the data privacy aspects related to the breakdown of electricity consumption. Furthermore, data availability for scientific research is limited. However, this study expects that new BM for various EC members will emerge in the future largely depending on Information Communications and Technology developments.Practical implicationsAn implementation of a local flexibility market (LFM) using 114 apartments with flexible loads is proposed, demonstrating the gains obtained from trading flexibility. For LFM simulation, this study considers exemplifying a BM using 114 apartments located in a multi-apartment building representing a small urban EC situated in the New England region in North America. Open data recorded in 2016 is provided by UMassTraceRepository.Originality/valueAs a novelty, six BM are proposed considering a bottom-up approach and including various EC members.
Socioeconomic changes influence hunter behavior in the northern periphery of Dja Faunal Reserve, Cameroon
Authors: Kuenbou J. K. , Tagg N. , Khan D. M. , Speelman S. , Willie J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe hunter is the key actor in unsustainable hunting of bushmeat in African forests and his behavior is driven by socioeconomic factors among others. However, not much is known about the effectiveness of incentive‐based conservation actions providing socioeconomic benefits to reduce hunting. This study, therefore, examined how changes in the socioeconomic situation of hunters brought about by reciprocal environmental agreements affects their hunting behavior. During a project implemented near the Dja Faunal Reserve (Cameroon), we recorded changes in socioeconomic characteristics of hunters for 15 months spanning 3 years. Bushmeat offtake and hunting effort parameters were also recorded. Comparisons of the evolution of these parameters over the years were made between hunters who signed the agreements and those who did not. We found that signatory hunters were older and had larger households than non‐signatories, and they earned more income from cocoa sales. Although both groups of hunters had similar characteristics regarding hunting behavior at the start of the project, signatory hunters harvested less bushmeat at the end of project. More time was spent in hunting by non‐signatory hunters compared to signatories who hunted less at the end of our monitoring period. Signatory hunters hunted less with firearms than non‐signatories, and they consumed more and sold less of their catches compared to non‐signatories. This study underlines the importance of reciprocal environmental agreements as an incentive‐based conservation scheme that can reduce hunting pressure. These findings show that economic incentives provided to individuals through reciprocal environment agreements can promote livelihood paradigm shifts, alleviating poverty, decreasing dependence on natural resources and benefiting animal conservation.
Letter: ‘No first among equals’
Authors: Arora Umang , Kedia Saurabh , Travis Simon , Ahuja Vineet 
Published: November 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kayal et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17731 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17806
Natural lignin modulators improve bagasse saccharification of sugarcane and energy cane in field trials
Authors: de Oliveira Viviane Fátima , Figueiredo Lucas , de Oliveira Correia Gabriel , da Silva Machado Maria de Fátima Pires , Neto Hugo Zeni , dos Santos Wanderley Dantas , Mangolin Claudete Aparecida 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe burgeoning cellulosic ethanol industry necessitates advancements in enzymatic saccharification, effective pretreatments for lignin removal, and the cultivation of crops more amenable to saccharification. Studies have demonstrated that natural inhibitors of lignin biosynthesis can enhance the saccharification of lignocellulose, even in tissues generated several months post‐treatment. In this study, we applied daidzin (a competitive inhibitor of coniferaldehyde dehydrogenase), piperonylic acid (a quasi‐irreversible inhibitor of cinnamate 4‐hydroxylase), and methylenedioxy cinnamic acid (a competitive inhibitor of 4‐coenzyme A ligase) to 60‐day‐old crops of two conventional Brazilian sugarcane cultivars and two energy cane clones, bred specifically for enhanced biomass production. The resultant biomasses were evaluated for lignin content and enzymatic saccharification efficiency without additional lignin‐removal pretreatments. The treatments amplified the production of fermentable sugars in both the sugarcane cultivars and energy cane clones. The most successful results softened the most recalcitrant lignocellulose to the level of the least recalcitrant of the biomasses tested. Interestingly, the softest material became even more susceptible to saccharification.
Risk factors of frontotemporal dementia compared with Alzheimer disease: Single psychiatric hospital–based research in Japan
Authors: Okoshi Asaka , Shinagawa Shunichiro , Takasaki Emi , Susa Yuko , Inamura Keisuke , Shigeta Masahiro 
Published: November 2023

AimThe objective of this study was to reveal risk factors for incident of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) compared with Alzheimer disease (AD) in Japan.MethodFifty consecutive subjects diagnosed with FTD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM‐5) under 75 years old were included retrospectively. As a control group, 48 subjects who were diagnosed with AD according to the DSM‐5 and matched by age, sex, educational history, and Mini‐Mental State Examination were also included. In order to examine the distinctive risk factors of FTD, we compared the relationship between symptomatologic features, Clinical Dementia Rating, clinical factors, and sociopsychological factors in the two groups.ResultPatients with FTD were more likely than patients with AD to have meticulous premorbid personality and less likely to have a history of diabetes than patients with AD. Although the regression analysis was not significant, a history of psychiatric disorders tends to affect the incidence of FTD.ConclusionsThese findings regarding the risk of FTD are expected to lead to early diagnosis and care of FTD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 932–937.
Evaluating a new aphid biocontrol agent: The role of aphid density in modulating oviposition behaviour in the American hoverfly, Eupeodes americanus, and the aphid midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza
Authors: Gonzalez Noémie , Fournier Marc , Buitenhuis Rosemarije , Lucas Eric 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHoverfly larvae are voracious predators of aphids but have limited dispersal capacity, so their survival depends critically on female selection of oviposition sites. For aphid control purposes, the ability of females to find small aphid colonies is especially valuable. In this study, the oviposition strategy and minimum aphid density triggering the oviposition of the American hoverfly, Eupeodes americanus (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Syrphidae), was compared with that of the aphid midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani, 1847) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a predator commercially available in Canada as a reference. Oviposition behaviour was evaluated at densities of 0, 2, 5, 10, and 50 aphids per plant. This was tested on two economically significant plant/aphid systems: pepper plants infested by the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and cucumber plants infested with the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover 1877. Results showed that both predators lay their eggs in proportion to the size of the colony of aphids. Oviposition by E. americanus required a minimum density of 5 aphids on cucumber but only 2 on pepper, whereas for A. aphidimyza, it was also 5 aphids on cucumber, but 10 on pepper. The hoverfly laid more than twice as many eggs as A. aphidimyza on pepper. It also laid more eggs on pepper than on cucumber and the pattern is the opposite for A. aphidimyza. Therefore, the identity of the aphid‐host plant complex appears to modulate the oviposition of these predators. This study demonstrates the ability of E. americanus to respond to lower densities of aphids than A. aphidimyza early in the infestation on sweet pepper plants and shows that its oviposition rate is at least as effective as A. aphidimyza on cucumber. Consequently, these attributes of its oviposition behaviour indicate that E. americanus has great potential for use as an aphid biocontrol agent in these crops.
The hue of temporomandibular joint arthroscopy under local versus general anaesthesia
Authors: Sah Manoj Kumar , Abdelrehem Ahmed , Nie Xin , Yang Chi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundTemporomandibular joint arthroscopy (TMJA) is often performed under general anaesthesia (GA) worldwide on an inpatient basis, whereas local anaesthesia (LA) is not equally considered as the standard procedure.ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy between LA and GA when performing TMJA.MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed a total of 182 patients in LA group and 91 patients in GA group who underwent TMJA for the management of disc displacement. Patients were divided into two groups based on type of anaesthesia used for surgery; LA group and GA group. Comparisons were made based on operative time, intubation and extubation time (for GA only), hospital stay duration, total cost and post‐operative clinical and radiological outcomes.ResultsThe demographics and pre‐operative clinical assessments were matched in both groups. No post‐operative significant difference was found in outcomes when performing TMJA under LA compared to GA in terms of pain reduction (p = .016) and improvement in mouth opening (p = .866). The median operative time and hospital stay duration for LA group were significantly less compared to GA group (p < .001). GA group required an additional intubation and extubation time, whereas LA group patients were waived from it. TMJA for LA group was performed in the minor procedure setup, which reduced the costs for surgery (p < .001). Post‐operative disc position was excellent and good with an overall success rate of 95%.ConclusionThe use of LA performing TMJA reduces operating time, costs, hospital stay and recovery room time than GA group. Furthermore, TMJA performed under LA shared similar post‐operative clinical and radiological outcomes with those performed under GA.
Additive‐genetic relationships of growth and morphometrics to meat yield traits in Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849)
Authors: Wang Hui , Guan Tianyu , Wang Long , Zhang Yi , Zhu Qianqian , Chang Guoliang , Wu Nan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased upon mixed linear model and incomplete diallel cross between different strains of Macrobrachium nipponense, the additive‐genetic correlations of growth and morphometrics with meat yield traits in M. nipponense were estimated using the minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation procedure. Path analysis method was utilized to investigate the overall additive‐genetic determinations of growth and morphometric traits on the meat yield traits. Results indicated that growth and morphometrics were genetically positively correlated with abdominal meat weight (p < 0.01), but were not genetically correlated with abdominal meat percentage (p > 0.05) in both sexes. Growth and morphometrics were genetically positively correlated (p < 0.01). Abdominal meat weight was genetically positively correlated with abdominal meat percentage (p < 0.01). In terms of the overall additive‐genetic determination, body weight had the greatest impact on abdominal meat weight in both sexes. In contrast, abdominal meat weight, abdominal length, and body weight were most influential on abdominal meat percentage in both sexes. The genetic relationships of growth and morphometrics to meat yield traits were elucidated in M. nipponense for the first time, contributing to formulation of sound improvement plan for the meat yield traits in this commercially important prawn species.