bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Klebflächenvorbehandlung von Aluminiumoberflächen mit Haftvermittler
Authors: Anagreh N. , Dorn L. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractDer Einfluss dreistufiger Vorbehandlung Entfetten, Strahlen und Primer und zweistufiger Vorbehandlung Entfetten und Strahlen auf das Klebverhalten von Aluminiumlegierung AlMg4,5Mn0,5 wurde ermittelt. Die Untersuchungen wurden mit zwei kaltaushärtenden Zweikomponenten‐Epoxidklebstoffen, einem warmaushärtenden Einkompnenten‐Epoxidklebstoff und einem kaltaushärtenden Zweikomponenten‐Polyurethanklebstoff durchgeführt. Die dreistufige Vorbehandlung wies bei Epoxidklebstoffen höhere Klebfestigkeitswerte auf als bei zweistufiger, beim PU‐Klebstoff unterscheiden sich dagegen die ermittelten Klebfestigkeitswerten kaum voneinander. Das Weglassen des Arbeitsschritts Entfetten nach dem Korundstrahlen, der zur Beseitigung von Strahlmittelrückständen führt, bewirkt bei PU‐, EP 2‐ und EP 3‐Klebstoff eine merkliche Reduzierung der Klebfestigkeiten gegenüber entfetteten Proben. Die Primervorbehandlung führt wegen erhöhter Viskosität zur Überdeckung der topographischen Strukturen von gestrahlten Aluminiumoberflächen, was eine starke Abnahme der Oberflächenrauheiten bewirkt. Es trat auch eine starke Veränderung der chemischen Zusammensetzung gegenüber nur entfetteten bzw. gestrahlten Oberflächen ein.
Reasons for Melting of Chemical Elements and some Consequences
Authors: Hoffmann H.‐J. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractWhen studying the causes for melting, solid chemical elements are considered to be the simplest systems. Data of the melting enthalpy, ΔHm, and entropy, ΔSm, taken from the literature are investigated as well as the molar specific heat capacities immediately below and above the melting temperature, Tm. In many cases, the molar specific heat capacity at constant volume exceeds the classical limit for the lattice vibrations CV = 3R above the Debye temperature. This excess specific heat is due to electronic transitions of bonding electrons and of the electrons near the Fermi‐edge to states with higher energy. The wave functions of the electrons in these higher states are different from those of the original lower states causing the core ions to be attracted to different new positions. In addition, the vibrations may modify the local potential of the electrons and thus their wave‐functions with similar results. Melting occurs if sufficient core ions relax to new positions within the lifetime of the excited states and if their order and arrangement is changing according to the random time series of the different occupied electronic states with their respective wave‐functions. This mechanism can also be applied to explain diffusion, thermal expansion and the glass transition temperature.
Electrochemical behavior of vanadium in EDTA
Authors: Ameer Magda A. M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe use of chelating agents as cleaning chemicals to remove metal deposits is gaining interest. In this study the Electrochemical behavior of vanadium in EDTA, EA and EAC solutions was studied using AC impedance technique at different immersion time. The results indicate that the values of Rct for EA solution are higher than that for EDTA and EAC. This may be due to the presence of ascorbic acid as reducing agent. The presence of surface film is confirmed by capacitance measurements. It is shown that the capacitance is time‐dependent. Generally, the capacitance decreases with immersion time and this can be discussed on the basis that the concentration of vanadium ions at the interface increases with immersion time.
C‐reactive protein (CRP) as tumor marker in pediatric and adolescent patients with Hodgkin disease
Authors: Wieland Annemarie , Kerbl Reinhold , Berghold Andrea , Schwinger Wolfgang , Mann Georg , Urban Christian 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBackgroundC‐reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein produced in the liver. An elevated CRP is a nonspecific marker of inflammation. Additionally, it also appears to be a prognostic marker in several malignancies. Elevated CRP levels in adult patients with Hodgkin disease (HD) were reported previously. However, levels of CRP have not been evaluated in pediatric and adolescent HD patients.ProcedureWe analyzed CRP serum levels in 95 consecutive pediatric and adolescent patients with Hodgkin disease. CRP levels were correlated with stage, absence or presence of B symptoms, and prognosis.ResultsAt the time of diagnosis increased serum CRP levels were found in 64 % (61/95) of the patients with a median of 21 mg/L (range: <5–211). Serum C‐reactive protein levels correlated with stage and were higher in patients with B symptoms. Higher CRP levels were associated with an increased risk of relapse.ConclusionIn addition to soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL‐2R) levels, CRP holds promise as a diagnostic and prognostic index and follow‐up monitor in pediatric and adolescent patients with Hodgkin disease, and merits further investigation. Med Pediatr Oncol 2003;41:21–25. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FISH analyses for alterations in chromosomes 1, 2, 3, and 11 define high‐risk groups in neuroblastoma
Authors: Spitz Ruediger , Hero Barbara , Ernestus Karen , Berthold Frank 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic chromosomal markers 1p loss and MYCN amplification (MNA) are only present in a subgroup of approximately 30% of neuroblastomas. To further characterize high and low risk subsets we investigated alterations in chromosome arms 3p and 11q, additional changes in 1p and MYCN as well as the somy‐status of chromosome 1 in the same sample.ProcedureFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used as an alternative technique to PCR/LOH‐ or comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analyses. Alterations in chromosomes 3p and 11q were investigated in 182 unselected tumors, 1p loss and MNA in 174 and 179 of these, respectively. The somy‐status of chromosome 1 was determined in 165 tumors as it highly correlates with the tumor ploidy.ResultsAlterations in the four chromosomal regions were found in the following frequencies: 3p26: 19%, 11q23: 29%, 1p36: 29%, MNA: 19%. Fifty‐two percent of all cases displayed structural aberrations in at least one chromosomal region, 83% in stage 4 and 30% in stages 1–3, 4s. All aberrations were thus correlated with stage 4 disease but were also present in a substantial subset of localized and 4s tumors. Trisomy of chromosome 1 was found in 38% of the tumors, disomy or tetrasomy in 62%. Patients with alterations in any of the four chromosomes and di/tetrasomy 1 showed a significantly increased age at diagnosis. Loss in 1p and MNA were closely associated with each other, as well as 3p and 11q aberrations but not the groups 1p/MNA versus 3p/11q. Only a small portion of trisomic tumors showed aberrations in at least one of the four chromosomal regions (14%) in contrast to the majority of the di/tetrasomic cases (74%). As already known the MYCN status discriminated between good and poor outcome in localized and metastatic stage 4 tumors. In addition alterations in 1p or 11q, deletion in 3p and di/tetrasomy 1 were associated with an unfavorable prognosis in MYCN single copy tumors of stages 1–3, 4s. Multivariate analysis revealed 11q alterations and MNA as the most important chromosomal prognostic factors in all stages.ConclusionFISH analyses for chromosomal alterations in 3p and 11q as well as in 1p and MYCN allows to define different groups with an increased risk for disease progression. Med Pediatr Oncol 2003;41:30–35. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The RNA binding protein FMRP: new connections and missing links
Authors: Schaeffer Céline , Beaulande Mélanie , Ehresmann Chantal , Ehresmann Bernard , Moine Hervé 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe loss of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) is responsible for the most common cause of inherited mental retardation called the fragile X syndrome. FMRP is suspected to participate in the synaptic plasticity of neurons by acting on posttranscriptional control of gene expression. FMRP is an RNA binding protein that associates with mRNAs together with other proteins to form large ribonucleoprotein complexes. These complexes are proposed to participate in the transport, localization and translation of target mRNAs. Progress has been made recently in the identification of the mRNAs and the proteins present in these complexes and a possible connection with the micro‐RNA dependent regulatory pathway has been established.
Well-posedness for non-isotropic degenerate parabolic-hyperbolic equations
Authors: Chen Gui-Qiang , Perthame Benoît 
Published: May 2003

We develop a well-posedness theory for solutions in

L^1

to the Cauchy problem of general degenerate parabolic-hyperbolic equations with non-isotropic nonlinearity. A new notion of entropy and kinetic solutions and a corresponding kinetic formulation are developed which extends the hyperbolic case. The notion of kinetic solutions applies to more general situations than that of entropy solutions; and its advantage is that the kinetic equations in the kinetic formulation are well defined even when the macroscopic fluxes are not locally integrable, so that

L^1

is a natural space on which the kinetic solutions are posed. Based on this notion, we develop a new, simpler, more effective approach to prove the contraction property of kinetic solutions in

L^1

, especially including entropy solutions. It includes a new ingredient, a chain rule type condition, which makes it different from the isotropic case.

Résumé

Nous développons une théorie d’existence et unicité pour les solutions

L^1

seulement du problème de Cauchy pour un problème de Cauchy hyperbolique-parabolique avec diffusion non-isotrope générale. Des notions de formulations entropique et cinétique sont introduites qui incorporent un nouvel ingrédient, une condition de type dérivation composée, qui montre la différence fondamentale avec le cas d’une diffusion isotrope. L’avantage de la notion de solution cinétique est de travailler directement dans l’espace naturel

L^1

.
A Morse lemma at infinity for Yamabe type problems on domains
Authors: Ben Ayed Mohamed , Chtioui Hichem , Hammami Mokhless 
Published: May 2003

In this paper we consider the following nonlinear elliptic problem (P):

−Δu=u^p

,

u>0

in

Ω

,

u=0

on

∂Ω

, where

Ω

is a bounded and smooth domain in

ℝ^n

,

n⩾4

,

p+1=2n/(n−2)

is the critical Sobolev exponent. We prove a version of Morse lemmas at infinity for this problem. As application of these lemmas we will give a characterization of the critical points at infinity of the functional corresponding to (P).

Résumé

Dans cet article nous considérons le problème elliptique non linéaire (P) :

−Δu=u^p

,

u>0

dans

Ω

,

u=0

sur

∂Ω

, où

Ω

est un domaine borné et régulier de

ℝ^n

,

n⩾4

et

p+1=2n/(n−2)

est l’exposent critique de Sobolev. Nous prouvons une version des lemmes de Morse à l’infini pour le problème (P) et nous appliquerons ces lemmes afin de donner une caractérisation des points critiques à l’infini de la fonctionnelle correspondante au problème (P).
Gravity solitary waves with polynomial decay to exponentially small ripples at infinity
Authors: Lombardi E. , Iooss G. 
Published: May 2003

In this paper, we study the travelling gravity waves of velocity

c

in a system of two layers of perfect fluids, the bottom one being infinitely deep, the upper one having a finite thickness

h

. We assume that the flow is potential, and the dimensionless parameters are the ratio between densities

ρ=ρ_2/ρ_1

and

λ=gh/c^2

. For

ε=1−λ(1−ρ)

near

0^+

, the existence of periodic travelling waves of arbitrary small amplitude and the existence of generalized solitary waves with ripples at infinity of size larger than

ε^{5/2}

and polynomial decay rate were established in [7]. In this paper we improve this former result by showing the existence of generalized solitary waves with exponentially small ripples at infinity (of order

\mathcal O(e^{−c/ε}))

. We conjecture the nonexistence of true solitary waves in this case. The proof is based on a spatial dynamical formulation of the problem combined with a study of the analytic continuation of the solutions in the complex field which enables one to obtain exponentially small upper bounds of the oscillatory integrals giving the size of the oscillations at infinity.

Résumé

Cet article est consacré aux ondes progressives de vitesse

c

dans un système de deux couches superposées de fluides parfaits en écoulement potentiel, la couche inférieure étant de profondeur infinie, et la supérieure de profondeur finie

h

. Les paramètres sans dimension du problème sont le rapport des densités

ρ=ρ_2/ρ_1

et

λ=gh/c^2

. Pour

ε=1−λ(1−ρ)

voisin de

0^+

, l’existence d’ondes progressives périodiques de tailles arbitrairement petites et l’existence d’ondes solitaires généralisées à décroissance polynomiale vers des oscillations de taille supérieure à

ε^{5/2}

ont été obtenues dans [7]. Dans ce présent article nous améliorons ce dernier résultat en montrant l’existence d’ondes solitaires généralisées avec des oscillations résiduelles à l’infini exponentiellement petites (d’ordre

\mathcal O(e^{−c/ε}))

. On conjecture la non existence de vraies ondes solitaires dans ce cas. La démonstration est basée sur une formulation de type “dynamique spatiale” du problème combinée avec une étude du prolongement analytique des solutions qui permet d’obtenir des bornes supérieures exponentiellement petites des intégrales oscillantes donnant la taille des oscillations à l’infini.
Substance use and the course of early psychosis: a 2-year follow-up of first-admitted subjects
Authors: Sorbara F. , Liraud F. , Assens F. , Abalan F. , Verdoux H. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the impact of alcohol and substance use on the early course of psychosis.Methods: First-admitted subjects with psychosis (n= 58) were assessed at 6-month intervals over a 2-year follow-up. Information on substance and alcohol misuse and clinical and social outcome was collected using multiple sources of information.ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounding factors, subjects with persistent substance misuse over the follow-up were at increased risk of readmission (OR = 3.1; 95%CI = 1.0-9.4;P= 0.05), of presenting with psychotic symptoms (OR = 4.3; 95%CI = 1.0-18.1;P= 0.04), and with a non-continuous course of illness (OR = 11; 95%CI = 1-122;P= 0.05). No significant association was found between substance misuse and social outcome, or between alcohol misuse and clinical and social outcome.ConclusionsPersistent substance misuse after a first admission for psychosis has a deleterious impact on clinical outcome. Early identification and treatment of substance use is essential in the care of subjects with incipient psychosis.
Depressive symptoms in chronic schizophrenia patients: any differences between patients with and without a major depressive episode?
Authors: Kaneda Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe author investigated the differences between schizophrenia patients with and without a major depressive episode (MDE) using the Japanese Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenics. The total depression score was correlated with the dosage of antipsychotics in patients without an MDE, but such a correlation was not found in patients with an MDE.
Emotional hyper-reactivity as a fundamental mood characteristic of manic and mixed states
Authors: Henry Chantal , Swendsen Joel , Van den Bulke Donatienne , Sorbara Frederic , Demotes-Mainard Jacques , Leboyer Marion 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between depression and mania remains poorly understood and is responsible for much of the confusion about mixed states. The difficulty in conceptualizing opposite states such as euphoric and depressive moods during the same episode may account for the considerable differences in reported frequencies of mixed states, among acutely manic patients. It is possible that the fundamental mood characteristic of mania is not tonality of mood (e.g. euphoric, irritable or depressed mood), but rather theintensityof emotions.MethodsWe interviewed 30 patients hospitalized for a manic episode, asking about their symptoms during the episode, using the list of symptoms for manic and depressive episode of the DSM-IV criteria. Emotional hyper-reactivity, defined as an increase in the intensity of all emotions, was assessed using the Hardy Scale. Manic symptoms were also assessed by a clinician using the Beck–Rafaelsen Mania Scale.ResultsThis study showed that most of the manic episodes presented many dysphoric symptoms, more particularly depressive mood (33%), irritability (53%), anxiety (76%), and recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation (33%). However, only 10% of our sample met the criteria for mixed state. The other symptoms reported by patients and included in the DSM-IV criteria for depressive mood are common between depressive and manic episodes. All patients (100%) reported that they felt all their emotions with an unusual intensity.ConclusionsWe suggest that the most appropriate way to define mood in manic states is as a function of intensity, and not as a function of tonality. This definition circumvents the arbitrary dichotomy between mania and mixed state. With this definition, manic episodes can be described as being more or less dysphoric, with the actual characteristics of dysphoria encompassing irritability, anxiety, or depressive affect. This point could be extremely helpful in discriminating mixed state or dysphoric mania from depression.
Current use of atypical antipsychotics
Authors: Müller-Spahn F. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryIn terms of the phenomenology of schizophrenia, there are four targets for drug treatments: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, affective dysfunction, and cognitive dysfunction. Because of the side-effects of both conventional antipsychotics and the new atypicals, there still is a need to search for better-tolerated antipsychotics. Conventional antipsychotics have two principal limitations: 30–40% of patients have an insufficient response to them, and they have a large variety of adverse effects. Side-effects will reduce patients’ compliance with treatment, as well as their immediate quality of life, and may therefore unfavorably affect rehabilitation. Four principal features differentiate atypical from conventional antipsychotics, yet have not been established for all atypicals: fewer extrapyramidal side-effects, greater efficacy in the treatment of negative symptoms, specific pharmacological receptor binding profiles, and greater selective effect on the mesolimbic dopamine neurons than on nigrostriatal neurons. The pharmacological profile of amisulpride is completely different to that of other atypical antipsychotics. It has a high selectivity for D2and D3dopamine receptors, and thus would be expected to be devoid of unwanted side-effects associated with action on other neurotransmitter systems. It acts preferentially on the mesocortical and mesolimbic systems. It has an earlier onset of action than haloperidol. Amisulpride is a compound with a dual mode of action. At low doses it blocks presynaptic dopamine autoreceptors, inducing an increased dopaminergic neurotransmission, and at high doses it blocks postsynaptic dopaminergic activity. It is at least as effective as haloperidol, flupenthixol, and risperidone in controlling positive symptoms, as well as having efficacy for negative symptoms. It has less propensity to induce weight gain than do other atypical antipsychotics. For the 60–80% of patients with schizophrenia who require long-term treatment, drug tolerability is crucially important, as it will improve compliance, and therefore reduce relapse rate.
cDNA cloning, mapping and polymorphism of the porcine Rhesus (RH) gene
Authors: Omi T. , Vögeli P. , Hagger C. , Schelling C. , Špilar Š. , Kajii E. , Stranzinger G. , Neuenschwander S. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryThe Rhesus (Rh) gene superfamily in humans and mice contains four independent genes, RH, RHAG, RHBG, and RHCG/GK. Heretofore, only the RHBG cDNA has been cloned in pig. We have isolated the porcine RH cDNA; its complete open reading frame of 1269 nucleotides encoded 423 amino acids. Porcine RH protein shared 67.6% amino acid identity with bovine RH, 61.0% with human RhCE and 60.8% with human RhD. The RT–PCR revealed RH transcripts in the spleen and bone marrow, but not in the heart, kidney, or lung. In RH intron 4, a deletion of 17 nucleotides distinguished the shorter allele (allele 1) from the longer. As determined in 115 unrelated pigs from five breeds – Landrace (L, n = 23), Large White (LW, n = 28), Duroc (D, n = 24), Hampshire (H, n = 20) and Piétrain (n = 20) – allele 1 frequencies were 1.0 (L, H), 0.77 (LW), 0.70 (P) and 0.25 (D). Somatic cell hybrid mapping localized the porcine RH and RHBG genes to pig chromosomes 6q22–q23 and 4q21–q22, respectively. Genetic mapping suggested RH–(FUT1, S, GPI, EAH, A1BG)–PGD as the most probable locus order. Sequence homology, mapping data, and haematopoietic tissue expression suggest that this cDNA may indeed encode the porcine RH homologue.
Identification of SNPs, mapping and analysis of allele frequencies in two candidate genes for meat production traits: the porcine myosin heavy chain 2B (MYH4) and the skeletal muscle myosin regulatory light chain 2 (HUMMLC2B)
Authors: Davoli R. , Fontanesi L. , Cagnazzo M. , Scotti E. , Buttazzoni L. , Yerle M. , Russo V. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryMyosin is one of the most important skeletal muscle proteins. It is composed of myosin heavy chains and myosin light chains that exist with different isoforms coded by different genes. We studied the porcine myosin heavy chain 2B (MYH4) and the porcine skeletal muscle myosin regulatory light chain 2 (HUMMLC2B) genes. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), identified for each gene, was used for linkage mapping of MYH4 and HUMMLC2B to porcine chromosome (Sscr) 12 and Sscr 3, respectively. The mapping of these two genes was confirmed by using a porcine–rodent radiation hybrid panel, even if for MYH4 the LOD score and the retention fraction were low. Allele frequencies at the two loci were studied in a sample of 307 unrelated pigs belonging to seven different pig breeds. Moreover the distribution of the alleles at these two loci was analysed in groups of pigs with extreme divergent (positive and negative) estimated breeding values (EBV) for four meat production traits that have undergone selection in Italian heavy pigs.