bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigation into the economic adjustments in metal markets throughout the transition to renewable energy
Authors: Cooper Mason , Reynolds Samantha , Bennett Noah , Hayes Isabella 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The primary emphasis of this research is on the effect that renewable energy sources have on the profitability of the metal sector. By conducting semi-structured interviews with important persons in the metal industry, the purpose of the research was to get an understanding of the changes, problems, and possibilities that metal firms were experiencing during this transformation. This study's research methodology consisted of conducting in-depth interviews that were semi-structured. We were able to get a comprehensive understanding of the metal business from a variety of perspectives and get a sense of the individuals who work in the sector via these in-depth interviews. After arranging the interviews in accordance with the recurring topics, we gained a great deal of knowledge on the ways in which businesses are adjusting to the requirements of renewable energy. According to the conclusions of the research, the industry is paying greater attention to lithium and rare earth elements, both of which are crucial for applications that include renewable energy. In order to be able to swiftly adapt to changing needs, it is necessary to make significant expenditures in reorganising production lines and investigating alternate ways of material extraction. Significantly, the difficulties of building a reliable supply chain became obvious in a number of important areas. There are risks associated with the sector as a result of the unstable political climates and the ever-changing market circumstances. It is thus necessary for us to research alternate supply sources and stock kinds in order to make the supply chain more resilient and resistant to having problems. Because the research was conducted using a qualitative technique, it is difficult to make more general statistical findings. This is one of the limitations of the study. Furthermore, it is important to note that the scope of the research is restricted to a certain period of time during which changes occur. To put it another way, the study provides all of the participants with essential information that assists in the process of making strategic decisions, improving supply chain operations, and expanding market share. The transition towards green energy in the industry has the potential to promote sustainability and minimise environmental consequences, both of which would have good effects on society. The findings of this study contribute to our comprehension of the ways in which the switch to renewable energy has impacted the bottom line of the metal fabrication business. The article offers a detailed picture of the response of the industry as well as the possible repercussions. It is necessary to maintain a close watch on the firm over a period of time in order to identify patterns, and the qualitative approach may make it more challenging to draw broad generalisations.
Delayed Diagnosis of Post-traumatic Temporal Lobe Meningo Encephalocele: A Rare Case Report of a Child
Authors: Sadr Zahra , Noorbakhsh Samileh , Nasoori Yaser 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Bone fracture after head trauma is common in children. When a fracture happens in the temporal bone, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) might leak and/or the temporal lobe protrude (named encephalocele) as a mass inside the middle ear or mastoid or both.

Case Presentation:
Here, a 10 year old presents with an initial diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Three years ago after head trauma he had a forgotten bone fracture. Incomplete improvement after primary treatment was achieved. Finally, after seeing a bone fracture on the right roof of the tympani and soft tissue mass in brain High-Resolution Compound Tomography (HRCT),surgical exploration determined the CSF leakage from a right lobe temporal meningo encephalocele. The bone defect was repaired and the patient had complete improvement.

Conclusion:
In this case with forgotten post traumatic temporal bone fracture, temporal bone encephaloceles lead to CSF leakage inside the middle ear cavity and introduce bacterial meningitis. High-Resolution Compound Tomography (HRCT) of the cranial base defined the bone defect. In recent years, Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) has been known as the best method for the diagnosis of brain tissue herniation in the middle ear cavity. Although to differentiate the encephalocele from other masses (e.g. granulation, cholesteatoma, cholesterol granuloma, etc.) inside the middle ear cavity in an MRI is not easy. Surgical multilayered closure of the dura and simultaneous repair of the bone defect is needed.
A Cross-sectional Study of Self-confidence Differences in Removable Prosthodontic Treatment among Undergraduate Students of a Saudi Dental School
Authors: Sharka Rayan M. , Alsaggaf Arwa U. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Removable denture treatments remain an option for the edentulous population in terms of oral rehabilitation. In dentistry schools, improving students' self-confidence in performing prosthodontic procedures should be paramount.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to examine students' self-confidence perceptions in performing removable partial dentures (RPDs) and complete dentures (CDs) treatments and to draw attention to the steps in which they felt most and least prepared to do so without close supervision.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at one dental school in Saudi Arabia at the end of the 2022-2023 academic year. A total of (n=96) undergraduate students in their clinical years, 5th and 6th cohorts, were included in this study. These students were requested to participate in a closed questionnaire consisting of 38 items that focused on self-reported confidence and the perceived quality of their education. A non-parametric test, the Mann-Whitney U-test, was used to compare between groups. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (V.28.0).

Results:
A response rate of 95.8% was achieved. Over the course of their studies, students' sense of confidence grew. Also, males were more confident than females in performing all clinical procedures. Overall, students were satisfied with their prosthodontic education, except for pre-clinical sessions and learning materials. Increasing their clinical experience would be most advantageous for boosting their confidence levels.

Conclusion:
The study revealed where students were most and least confident in carrying out removable prosthodontics. Students require supervision during their internship year because they reported average confidence in removable prosthodontic procedures. The results also point to the need for more research into the confidence gaps between males and females. The pre-clinical curriculum necessitates updating and more didactic teaching.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Trigger Finger. Sometimes Related
Authors: Ebner Peggy J. , Kuschner Stuart H. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Carpal tunnel syndrome and trigger finger are common hand problems. Each can be a cause of pain and disability. Treatment for each diagnosis can be nonoperative or, when nonoperative treatment has failed and when symptoms warrant, treatment can be surgical. Carpal tunnel syndrome and trigger finger can present independently of each other, or, in some cases, both can be present in the same hand.

Methods:
Data was collected using PearlDiver proprietary software (PearlDiver, Inc, Colorado Springs, CO). This is a national data set from the United States representing 157 million distinct patients over the period from January 2010 to October 2021. PearlDiver was queried for all patients who underwent carpal tunnel release (represented by CTP-64721 for open carpal tunnel releases and CTP-29848 for endoscopic releases) and trigger finger release (represented by CTP-26055) on the same day.

Results:
Our search identified the number of carpal tunnel releases and the number of carpal tunnel releases + trigger finger release (same day). Carpal tunnel release + trigger finger release represent 8.4% of the total number of carpal tunnel release procedures.

Conclusion:
Patients who present with carpal tunnel syndrome may be advised that they are at increased risk of developing trigger fingers.
Impact of COVID-19 on Psychological Wellbeing of University Employees: The Mediating Role of Coping Mechanism
Authors: Mittal Amit , Aggarwal Arun , Sharma Kulwant K. , Mantri Archana 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The study aims to analyse the employees’ well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic scenario, by studying the mediating impact of coping behaviour in terms of stresses and negative experiences. The study scope is university teaching and staff personnel, constantly using online methods to deliver teaching-learning-evaluation processes.

Methods:
Empirical data was collected from 571 university employees through an online survey. The survey instruments were standard scales to assess the impact of events; distress, anxiety & stress, coping strategies, and personal well-being. The data was collected over a week after a month-long lockdown and analysed through CFA and SEM tools.

Results:
The role of coping strategies remains central to pandemic or emergency conditions. Statistical analysis shows that distress, anxiety and stress have adversely impacted the coping strategies and well-being of the respondents. The members were identified based on their responses and suitable measures being instituted to strengthen their coping strategies and abilities to deal with adverse situations.

Conclusion:
This study contributes to the literature by presenting and validating a theory-driven setting that highlights the degree of negative consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic and lock-down conditions. This research establishes the usefulness of tested personal wellness theories in a non-clinical setting.
Breaking Barriers: A Review of Career Transition Trends for Women
Authors: Deshpande Amruta , Kaul Natashaa , Mittal Amit , Bhandari Harveen , Raut Rajesh 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The objective of this paper is to develop a map of the contours of the phenomenon of the career transition of women by aggregating, parsing, and extracting scholarly studies on the career transition of women to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic. A review of existing research will help to identify gaps and opportunities for further investigation in the domain of career transitions for women. It can also provide insights into the experiences of women at different stages of their careers, including those who are entering the workforce, returning to work after a break, or changing careers.

Aim:
This study reviews the literature on the career transition of women using bibliometric analysis and thematic analysis. It delves into the most significant writings, leading journals, and authors that contributed to the field, and the selected methodologies and research contexts for mindfulness in leadership.

Methods:
The study has identified areas of future research such as the impact of technology and automation on career transitions for women, the intersectionality of career transitions, the role of mentorship and sponsorship in career transitions, the impact of flexible working arrangements on career transitions and personal characteristics and successful transitions.

Results:
Using bibliometric analysis, this study especially carried out performance analysis and scientific mapping of the available literature review to provide valuable insights into the challenges and barriers that women face during career transitions.

Conclusion:
The findings indicate that despite progress in gender equality, women still encounter significant obstacles when attempting to advance their careers, switch industries, or take on leadership roles.
Emotional Changes in Hospitalized Patients in the COVID-19 Ward: Elizabeth Kubler-Ross Theory as an Analytical Framework
Authors: Sinaei Masoume , Saberi Maryam , Tabatabaee Seyed Saeed , Moradi Marjan , Bavandi Farzaneh , Raesi Rasoul 
Published: January 2024

Aim:This study was conducted to determine emotional changes in hospitalized patients in the COVID-19 ward based on the Kubler-Ross theory.Background:Humans exhibit different behaviors in response to crises. COVID-19, as a health crisis, was accompanied by widespread changes in the behavior of patients.Methods:This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2021 using a census method on 139 hospitalized patients in the COVID-19 ward of the 22 Bahman Hospital in Khorramshahr, Iran. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire to determine the stages of change in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software and one-sample t-test, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc test, and Pearson correlation coefficient at a significant level of 0.05.Results:The minimum age was 27 and the maximum age was 67 years. The levels of denial were moderate, while anger and bargaining were lower than average, and depression and acceptance were higher than average. The average denial, anger, and depression scores in male patients were significantly higher than those in female patients (p < 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between denial and anger scores and age (p < 0.001) and a significant positive correlation between acceptance and age (p = 0.03).Conclusion:Since contracting COVID-19 and hospitalization in COVID-19 wards are associated with various behavioral changes, screening patients for behavioral changes is recommended to health policymakers and managers. Understanding these changes can help accurately diagnose and effectively treat these patients.
La población estandarizada de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la de Colombia: un apunte metodológico
Authors: Rosselli Diego 
Published: January 2024

A mediados del siglo XIX los salubristas británicos vieron la dificultad de hacer comparaciones entre la mortalidad de las diferentes regiones de Inglaterra y Gales. Algunos lugares, como el sur de la isla, concentraban a muchos pensionados que buscaban un clima más agradable para su retiro. Su población envejecida tenía, por razones obvias, una elevada tasa de mortalidad en comparación con los centros urbanos como Londres, Manchester o Liverpool, o con las zonas agrícolas del norte, que contaban con una población mucho más joven.
Por esos días, en 1842, el reformista inglés Edwin Chadwick (1800-1890), alarmado por la situación de la clase trabajadora empobrecida en medio de la Revolución Industrial en plena época victoriana de Imperio británico, había publicado The Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population, y había propuesto un primer estándar que permitiera algún ajuste al comparar poblaciones; su propuesta fue tomar la media de la edad al morir. Sin embargo, fue al actuario escocés Francis Neison a quien se le ocurrió lo que sería reconocido como el “método directo” para hacer comparaciones, no solo de la mortalidad sino luego de la incidencia o la prevalencia de numerosas enfermedades entre distintos lugares geográficos, o entre diferentes momentos históricos de un mismo lugar.
Las tarjetas como recurso didáctico para la enseñanza de la estadística: La experiencia en un curso de didáctica específica
Authors: Aguilar Fernández Eduardo , Zamora Araya José Andrey 
Published: January 2024

La sistematización tuvo como finalidad la creación de una colección de tarjetas, por parte del grupo de estudiantes, para ser empleadas como recurso didáctico en la enseñanza de un concepto estadístico o probabilístico del currículo de la educación secundaria costarricense. La experiencia se llevó a cabo con 26 docentes de matemática en formación en el contexto de un curso de didáctica de la estadística en la que se abordó la temática sobre materiales y recursos para la enseñanza de la Estadística y la Probabilidad. El trabajo asignado consistió en crear una colección de tarjetas que pudieran utilizarse como recurso didáctico para la enseñanza de un tema de estas áreas, realizar una exposición en la que se pudiera compartir con el resto del grupo el material elaborado de modo que esto permitiera recibir realimentación para una posible mejora en su confección e implementación y responder un cuestionario que brindara información sobre retos, oportunidades y opciones de mejora de la experiencia de aula. Entre los principales resultados, se obtuvo que este tipo de actividades contribuye con el desarrollo de habilidades y constituyen un reto para el profesorado en formación pues los convierte en actores directos de su proceso de aprendizaje. Así, para una adecuada transformación del quehacer profesional del profesorado en Estadística es importante implementar actividades que permitan la elaboración de recursos pertinentes y adaptados a los contextos de aprendizaje de cada estudiante, favoreciendo consigo el desarrollo de competencias que fomenten el pensamiento crítico y la resolución de problemas.
Clinical Diagnostic Immunology in A Clinical Microbiology Laboratory
Authors: Anochie Philip Ifesinachi , Kalu Godwin Okeke , Tovani Palone Marcos Roberto , Onyeneke Edwina Chinwe , Onyeozirila Anthony Chidiebere 
Published: January 2024

This review unravels the novel approaches, innovations and applications of immunology in the diagnosis of infections in a clinical microbiology laboratory. Many assays or tests in immunology are used in the diagnosis of infections. The availability of monoclonal antibodies has brought rapid progress to this area and they are used , for example , to identify specific microorganisms in culture or in tissues and fluids from infected patients.
Examples of common diagnostic applications of antibody- antigen reactions discussed here includes agglutination tests, complement tests, complement fixation tests, ELISA, cytotoxic tests, radioimmunoassay tests, haemagglutination inhibition tests, hypersensitivity tests, phagocytic cell activity test, migration inhibition test, lymphocyte transformation test , lymphocyte fixation test , skin tests, delayed hypersensitivity tests and many others.
The development of monoclonal antibody technology and the subsequent availability of unlimited quantities of pure antibody has improved the selectivity of these assays. The development of simple and highly sensitive methods for detection of nucleic acids is being applied to diagnosis of infection using nucleic acid hybridization and this provides a valuable additional aid to immunoassays in the clinical microbiology diagnostic laboratory.
Bibliografía de filología hispánica
Authors: De Filología Hispánica Nueva Revista 
Published: January 2024

Las reseñas se consignan a continuación del libro (o artículo reseñado). Cuando éste se ha descrito en una entrega anterior de la Bibliografía, se pone entre paréntesis el número de ficha correspondiente. También se hacen referencias a ediciones anteriores de una obra, a tomos anteriores de una obra en curso de publicación, etc. En estos casos, la cifra que precede al número de referencia indica el volumen de la NRFH en que figura la ficha en cuestión. Así, el "núm. 39-39695" corresponde a la ficha 39695, la cual está en el volumen 39 de la NRFH. Cuando no hay cifra inicial, ha de entenderse que el número remite a una ficha incluida en el presente fascículo.
Assessment of public education expenditure efficiency across Lithuanian municipalities
Authors: Legenzova Renata , Gaigalienė Asta , Rudytė Dalia , Skunčikienė Solveiga , Kazlauskienė Vilma 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Efficiency of education expenditure is the ability to maximize the educational achievement given the resources invested. Although public education expenditure tends to increase, yet this does not necessarily guarantee high quality of education services. This study aims to assess public education expenditure efficiency of Lithuanian municipalities and to identify the factors explaining its variations. The study used data for 2013-2019 from 60 Lithuanian municipalities. Corrected Ordinary Least Squares method was employed for public education expenditure efficiency assessment and regression analysis was used to determine its influencing factors. Inputs included financial (public expenditure for education and maintenance) and nonfinancial (composition of teachers, occupied area, etc.) variables. Passing ratio of Lithuanian (national) language and math exams were used as efficiency outputs. The context variables represented environmental factors of educational achievements, such as number of business entities, users of social housing, libraries, and culture centres as well as municipalities’ overall financial autonomy. Results of the research are ambiguous. When assessed by the overall passing of the exams, the efficiency was high, scoring 86-90%. But when evaluated by passing exams with the highest scores, it did not even reach 40%. Two types of public expenditure were identified as the most influential factors - public expenditure for education with the negative trend, and municipality own financing with the positive influence on the public education expenditure efficiency. Such results support the decentralization of public education expenditure management and call for alternative output measures in the Lithuanian public education system.
ESG Volatility Prediction Using GARCH and LSTM Models
Authors: Mishra Akshay Kumar , Kumar Rahul , Bal Debi Prasad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aims to predict the ESG (environmental, social, and governance) return volatility based on ESG index data from 26 October 2017 and 31 March 2023 in the case of India. In this study, we utilized GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) and LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) models for forecasting the return of ESG volatility and to evaluate the model’s suitability for prediction. The study’s findings demonstrate the GARCH effect inside the ESG return volatility data, indicating the occurrence of volatility in response to market fluctuations. This study provides insight concerning the suitability of models for volatility predictions. Moreover, based on the analysis of the return volatility of the ESG index, the GARCH model is more appropriate than the LSTM model.
The Ring of Conway Numbers in Mizar
Authors: Pąk Karol 
Published: January 2024

Summary
Conway’s introduction to algebraic operations on surreal numbers with a rather simple definition. However, he combines recursion with Conway’s induction on surreal numbers, more formally he combines transfinite induction-recursion with the properties of proper classes, which is diffcult to introduce formally.
This article represents a further step in our ongoing e orts to investigate the possibilities offered by Mizar with Tarski-Grothendieck set theory [4] to introduce the algebraic structure of Conway numbers and to prove their ring character.