bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divergent Selection in Low Recombination Regions Shapes the Genomic Islands in Two Incipient Shorebird Species
Authors: Zhou Wenjun , Zhang Nan , Huang Kaichi , Lin Hongzhou , Tu Jie , Zheng Chenqing , Que Pinjia , Chiang Chung-Yu , Martinez Jonathan , Naerhulan Halimubieke , Székely Tamás , Zhang Zhengwang , Liu Yang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Speciation in the face of gene flow is usually associated with a heterogeneous genomic landscape of divergence in nascent species pairs. However, multiple factors, such as divergent selection and local recombination rate variation, can influence the formation of these genomic islands. Examination of the genomic landscapes of species pairs that are still in the early stages of speciation provides an insight into this conundrum. In this study, population genomic analyses were undertaken using a wide range of sampling and whole-genome resequencing data from 96 unrelated individuals of Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) and white-faced plover (Charadrius dealbatus). We suggest that the two species exhibit varying levels of population admixture along the Chinese coast and on the Taiwan Island. Genome-wide analyses for introgression indicate that ancient introgression had occurred in Taiwan population, and gene flow is still ongoing in mainland coastal populations. Furthermore, we identified a few genomic regions with significant levels of interspecific differentiation and local recombination suppression, which contain several genes potentially associated with disease resistance, coloration, and regulation of plumage molting and thus may be relevant to the phenotypic and ecological divergence of the two nascent species. Overall, our findings suggest that divergent selection in low recombination regions may be a main force in shaping the genomic islands in two incipient shorebird species.
The Dividends of Democracy’s Destruction: Surplus, Ideology, and Militarism in the Turn to Empire in Du Bois’s Black Reconstruction
Authors: Valdez Inés 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper offers an original reading of Du Bois’s Black Reconstruction that highlights how the knock down effects from Reconstruction’s failures contributed to the U.S. imperial trajectory. The coalition between the industrial North, Southern landowners, and white workers ended the promise of racial emancipation advanced by Black freedmen and the Freedmen’s Bureau. The gains from the resubjection of Black freedmen and women; the development of a national identity based racial hierarchy and an attachment to material wealth, and the racialized militarism of the South, Du Bois argues, underpinned the imperial pursuit of material wealth through violent means. The consolidation of white identity around technological ideals and militarism led Du Bois to revise his account of democratic education (redirecting it to critique capitalism and soulless technology) and to reach transnationally for emancipatory solidarity.
Multifaceted roles of t6A biogenesis in efficiency and fidelity of mitochondrial gene expression
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhou Jing-Bo , Yin Yue , Wang En-Duo , Zhou Xiao-Long 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
N 6-Threonylcarbamoyladenosine at A37 (t6A37) of ANN-decoding transfer RNAs (tRNAs) is a universal modification whose functions have been well documented in bacteria and lower eukaryotes; however, its role in organellar translation is not completely understood. In this study, we deleted the mitochondrial t6A37-modifying enzyme OSGEPL1 in HEK293T cells. OSGEPL1 is dispensable for cell viability. t6A37 hypomodification selectively stimulated N1-methyladenosine at A9 (m1A9) and N2-methylguanosine at G10 (m2G10) modifications and caused a substantial reduction in the aminoacylation of mitochondrial tRNAThr and tRNALys, resulting in impaired translation efficiency. Multiple types of amino acid misincorporation due to the misreading of near-cognate codons by t6A37-unmodified tRNAs were detected, indicating a triggered translational infidelity. Accordingly, the alterations in mitochondrial structure, function, and the activated mitochondrial unfolded protein response were observed. Mitochondrial function was efficiently restored by wild-type, but not by tRNA-binding-defective OSGEPL1. Lastly, in Osgepl1 deletion mice, disruption to mitochondrial translation was evident but resulted in no observable deficiency under physiological conditions in heart, which displays the highest Osgepl1 expression. Taken together, our data delineate the multifaceted roles of mitochondrial t6A37 modification in translation efficiency and quality control in mitochondria.
Guidance for the Interpretation of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Concentrations Based on Real-World Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Data and Documented Failures
Authors: Thoueille Paul , Cavassini Matthias , Guidi Monia , Buclin Thierry , Girardin François R , Decosterd Laurent A , Marzolini Catia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The interpretation of long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine concentrations is complicated by the lack of consensus on the threshold to consider. Building on real-world therapeutic drug monitoring data and documented virologic failures, this article provides a reappraisal of the existing thresholds and guidance for the interpretation of cabotegravir and rilpivirine concentrations.
Increased Tuberculosis Reactivation Risk in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Therapy
Authors: Chen Hsing-Wu , Kuo Yao-Wen , Chen Chung-Yu , Chang Chin-Hao , Wang Su-Mei , Chien Ying-Chun , Lu Wei-Chen , Chen Jo-Pai , Chang Cheng-Yu , Wei Yu-Feng , Chang Shih-Chieh , Shu Chin-Chung , Wang Jann-Yuan , Liao Wei-Yu , Wang Hao-Chien , Yu Chong-Jen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
Reports of tuberculosis (TB) during anticancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasing. However, it is not clear whether the use of ICIs is a significant risk factor for TB, including reactivation or latent TB infection (LTBI).

Methods
To determine the risk of TB reactivation in patients with lung cancer who use ICIs or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), we conducted a retrospective study using a hospital-based cancer registry. In addition, we monitored patients with cancer using ICI or TKI in a multicenter prospective study to check the incidence of LTBI.

Results
In the retrospective study, several demographic factors were imbalanced between the ICI and TKI groups: the ICI group was younger, had more males, exhibited more squamous cell carcinoma in histology rather than adenocarcinoma, had fewer EGFR mutations, and received more chemotherapy. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding factors, and we found that the incidence of TB was higher among patients with lung cancer who received ICIs than among those who received TKIs (2298 vs 412 per 100 000 person-years, P = .0165). Through multivariable analysis, group (ICI vs TKI) was the independent risk factor for TB development (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 6.29, 95% CI, 1.23-32.09, P = .0269). In the prospective cohort, which included 72 patients receiving ICIs and 50 receiving TKIs, we found that the incidence of positive seroconversion of LTBI by interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) was significantly higher in patients receiving ICIs (18% vs 0%, aHR: 9.88, P = 0.035) under multivariable Cox regression.

Conclusion
The use of ICIs may be linked to a higher likelihood of TB reactivation and LTBI than individuals solely receiving TKIs as anticancer therapy. Consequently, the implementation of a screening program for TB reactivation and LTBI among patients undergoing ICI treatment could prove advantageous by enabling early detection and prompt treatment of the infection.
Neoadjuvant Intra-arterial Cytoreductive Chemotherapy Improves Outcomes in Lacrimal Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Costa Philippos Apolinario , Tse David T , Benedetto Pasquale 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) has historically been associated with a poor prognosis even with localized disease, with a survival of 56% at 5 years. In 1988, we treated the first patient with neoadjuvant intra-arterial cytoreductive chemotherapy (IACC). Since then, we have used this protocol as the standard approach. We aim to analyze the outcomes of patients with LGACC treated with the protocol and compare them to a population-based cohort to assess if IACC can improve survival.

Methods
We prospectively assessed all non-metastatic patients with LGACC treated with IACC at a single institution between 1988 and 2021. For a comparison group, we identified all non-metastatic patients with LGACC treated with excision from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. We calculated disease-specific survival using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional-hazards modeling methods.

Results
Thirty-five non-metastatic patients with LGACC treated with IACC were identified at a single institution, and 64 patients with non-metastatic LGACC treated with excision were identified in the SEER database. The 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival rates for patients treated with IACC were 84% (95%CI 71-97) and 76% (95%CI 60-92), respectively. While the 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival rates for the population-based cohort were 72% (95%CI 62-82) and 46% (95%CI 32-60). The survival analysis favored IACC, with a 60% lower risk of death (HR: 0.4; 95%CI 0.2-0.9).

Conclusion
IACC improves disease-specific survival in comparison to a population-based cohort treated with excision. Additional patients treated with IACC at multiple institutions are required to provide further external validity.
ACC SYNTHASE4 inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis and FLOWERING LOCUS T expression during citrus flowering
Authors: Chu Le-Le , Zheng Wei-Xuan , Liu Hai-Qiang , Sheng Xing-Xing , Wang Qing-Ye , Wang Yue , Hu Chun-Gen , Zhang Jin-Zhi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Flowering is an essential process in fruit trees. Flower number and timing have a substantial impact on the yield and maturity of fruit. Ethylene and gibberellin (GA) play vital roles in flowering, but the mechanism of coordinated regulation of flowering in woody plants by GA and ethylene is still unclear. In this study, a lemon (Citrus limon L. Burm) 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene (CiACS4) was overexpressed in Nicotiana tabacum and resulted in late flowering and increased flower number. Further transformation of citrus revealed that ethylene and starch content increased, and soluble sugar content decreased in 35S:CiACS4 lemon. Inhibition of CiACS4 in lemon resulted in effects opposite to that of 35S:CiACS4 in transgenic plants. Overexpression of the CiACS4-interacting protein ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR3 (CiERF3) in N. tabacum resulted in delayed flowering and more flowers. Further experiments revealed that the CiACS4–CiERF3 complex can bind the promoters of FLOWERING LOCUS T (CiFT) and GOLDEN2-LIKE (CiFE) and suppress their expression. Moreover, overexpression of CiFE in N. tabacum led to early flowering and decreased flowers, and ethylene, starch, and soluble sugar contents were opposite to those in 35S:CiACS4 transgenic plants. Interestingly, CiFE also bound the promoter of CiFT. Additionally, GA3 and 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACC) treatments delayed flowering in adult citrus, and treatment with GA and ethylene inhibitors increased flower number. ACC treatment also inhibited the expression of CiFT and CiFE. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of ethylene to regulate flower number and mitigate the impacts of extreme weather on citrus yield due to delayed flowering.
Value Distribution of Logarithmic Derivatives of Quadratic Twists of Automorphic L-functions
Authors: Akbary Amir , Hamieh Alia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Let $d\in\mathbb{N}$ and π be a fixed cuspidal automorphic representation of $\mathrm{GL}_{d}(\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb{Q}})$ with unitary central character. We determine the limiting distribution of the family of values $-\frac{L^{\prime}}{L}(1+it,\pi\otimes\chi_D)$ as D varies over fundamental discriminants. Here, t is a fixed real number and χD is the real character associated with D. We establish an upper bound on the discrepancy in the convergence of this family to its limiting distribution. As an application of this result, we obtain an upper bound on the small values of $\left|\frac{L^{\prime}}{L}(1,\pi\otimes\chi_D)\right|$ when π is self-dual.
Lactate accumulation induced by Akt2‐PDK1 signaling promotes pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Sun Zhiheng , Ji Zhihua , He Wanyu , Duan Ruoyu , Qu Junxing , Yu Guoying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease with an abnormal accumulation of fibrotic tissue in the lung parenchyma and elevated glycolysis level in associated cells without effective therapy options. Lactate accumulation in pulmonary fibrotic tissue is a significant factor aggravating IPF development, but the main mechanism regulating glycolysis needs further investigation. In this study, lung fibrosis model was induced by bleomycin (BLM) intratracheally in female C57BL/6 mice. The changes of lactate level and fibrotic markers were detected. For in vitro studies, cell lines of alveolar epithelial cell and lung fibroblast cell were stimulated with TGF‐β1 and BLM respectively, to detect changes in their fibrotic properties. The function of lactate accumulation on facilitating fibrosis was verified. We demonstrated that BLM‐induced pulmonary fibrosis is accompanied by lactate accumulation owing to glycolysis upregulation. Significantly high PDK1 expression in lung fibrotic tissue promotes glycolysis. Moreover, PDK1 stimulated trans‐differentiation of lung fibroblasts and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of alveolar epithelial cells. Furthermore, phosphorylated Akt2 activated PDK1 to cause pulmonary fibrosis and inhibitors of Akt2 and PDK1 could suppress fibrotic process. This study is the first to consider PDK1 facilitated lactate accumulation through glycolysis as a vital factor in pulmonary fibrosis and could be initiated by Akt2. We concluded that the pro‐fibrotic properties of PDK1 are associated with Akt2 phosphorylation and thus provide new potential therapeutic targets for pulmonary fibrosis.
Mentoring in Academic Nursing From the Perspectives of Faculty Mentors
Authors: Busby Katie Ruth , Draucker Claire Burke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to create a theoretical framework that describes how mentoring relationships in academic nursing unfold from the perspectives of nurse faculty mentors.

BACKGROUND
Mentoring is a strategy that can promote the satisfaction and retention of nurse faculty. Although research has focused on the experiences of protégés in mentoring relationships, little is known about mentoring from the perspectives of nurse faculty mentors.

METHOD
Constructivist grounded theory was used to interview 24 experienced nurse faculty about their mentoring experiences.

RESULTS
The theoretical framework Growing Together: Mentors’ Perspectives on Mentoring included four phases (getting together, getting going, going together, going beyond) and three strands (relationship with protégé, work of mentoring, emotional impact of mentoring).

CONCLUSION
Participants experienced a variety of benefits from mentoring while also experiencing a variety of challenges. Findings suggest that more resources are needed for experienced faculty who mentor novice nurse faculty.
Narrative bias (“spin”) is common in randomised trials and systematic reviews of cannabinoids for pain
Authors: Moore Andrew , Karadag Paige , Fisher Emma , Crombez Geert , Straube Sebastian , Eccleston Christopher 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We define narrative bias as a tendency to interpret information as part of a larger story or pattern, regardless of whether the facts support the full narrative. Narrative bias in title and abstract means that results reported in the title and abstract of an article are done so in a way that could distort their interpretation and mislead readers who had not read the whole article. Narrative bias is often referred to as “spin.” It is prevalent in abstracts of scientific papers and is impactful because abstracts are often the only part of an article read. We found no extant narrative bias instrument suitable for exploring both efficacy and safety statements in randomized trials and systematic reviews of pain. We constructed a 6-point instrument with clear instructions and tested it on randomised trials and systematic reviews of cannabinoids and cannabis-based medicines for pain, with updated searches to April 2021. The instrument detected moderate or severe narrative bias in the title and abstract of 24% (8 of 34) of randomised controlled trials and 17% (11 of 64) of systematic reviews; narrative bias for efficacy and safety occurred equally. There was no significant or meaningful association between narrative bias and study characteristics in correlation or cluster analyses. Bias was always in favour of the experimental cannabinoid or cannabis-based medicine. Put simply, reading title and abstract only could give an incorrect impression of efficacy or safety in about 1 in 5 papers reporting on these products.
An experimental model for primary neuropathic corneal pain induced by long ciliary nerve ligation in rats
Authors: Wu Jinhong , Yuan Tianjie , Fu Danyun , Xu Rui , Zhang Wenna , Li Shuangshuang , Ding Jiahui , Feng Lili , Xia Ying , Wang Jijiang , Li Wenxian , Han Yuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) is a new and ill-defined disease characterized by pain, discomfort, aching, burning sensation, irritation, dryness, and grittiness. However, the mechanism underlying NCP remain unclear. Here, we reported a novel rat model of primary NCP induced by long ciliary nerve (LCN) ligation. After sustained LCN ligation, the rats developed increased corneal mechanical and chemical sensitivity, spontaneous blinking, and photophobia, which were ameliorated by intraperitoneal injection of morphine or gabapentin. However, neither tear reduction nor corneal injury was observed in LCN-ligated rats. Furthermore, after LCN ligation, the rats displayed a significant reduction in corneal nerve density, as well as increased tortuosity and beading nerve ending. Long ciliary nerve ligation also notably elevated corneal responsiveness under resting or menthol-stimulated conditions. At a cellular level, we observed that LCN ligation increased calcitonin gene–related peptide (neuropeptide)–positive cells in the trigeminal ganglion (TG). At a molecular level, upregulated mRNA levels of ion channels Piezo2, TRPM8, and TRPV1, as well as inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were also detected in the TG after LCN ligation. Meanwhile, consecutive oral gabapentin attenuated LCN ligation–induced corneal hyperalgesia and increased levels of ion channels and inflammation factors in TG. This study provides a reliable primary NCP model induced by LCN ligation in rats using a simple, minimally invasive surgery technique, which may help shed light on the underlying cellular and molecular bases of NCP and aid in developing a new treatment for the disease.
Effect of Intensive Nurse-Led Optimization of Heart Failure Medications in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Driscoll Andrea , Meagher Sharon , Kennedy Rhoda , Currey Judy 
Published: January 2024

Background
Prescribing of recommended medications for heart failure (HF) is suboptimal, leaving patients at a high risk of death or rehospitalization post discharge. Nurse-led titration (NLT) clinics are one strategy that could potentially improve the prescription of these medications.

Objective
The aim of this article was to determine the effect of NLT clinics on all-cause mortality, all-cause or HF rehospitalizations, and adverse effects in patients with HF.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify randomized controlled trials comparing NLT of β-blocking agents, angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and/or angiotensin receptor blockers to optimization by another health professional in patients with HF. We used the fixed-effects Mantel-Haenszel method or meta-analyses. We assessed heterogeneity between studies using χ2 and I
2.

Results
Eight studies with 2025 participants were included. Participants in the NLT group experienced a lower rate of all-cause rehospitalizations (relative risk, 0.76, 95% confidence interval, 0.68–0.85; moderate quality of evidence) and less HF-related rehospitalizations (relative risk, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.66; high quality of evidence) compared with the usual care group. All-cause mortality was lower in the NLT group (relative risk, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.48–0.92; moderate quality of evidence) compared with the usual care group. Authors of one study reported no adverse events, and another study found one adverse event.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis indicates that NLT clinics may improve optimization of guideline-recommended medications with the potential to reduce rehospitalization and improve survival in a cohort of patients known for their poor outcomes.
Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Quality Mediate the Relationship Between Race and Quality of Life Among Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Wu Jia-Rong , Moser Debra K. , Lin Chin-Yen , Chiang Ambrose A. , Riegel Barbara 
Published: January 2024

Background
Black patients with heart failure (HF) report worse quality of life (QoL) than White patients. Few investigators have examined mediators of the association between race and QoL, but depressive symptoms and sleep quality are associated with QoL.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine whether depressive symptoms and sleep quality are mediators of the relationship between race and QoL among patients with HF.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. We included 271 outpatients with HF. Self-reported race (White/Black), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and QoL (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire) were collected at baseline. A serial multiple mediator analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.

Results
Ninety-six patients (35.4%) were Black. Black participants reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and poorer sleep quality than White participants. Race was not directly associated with QoL but indirectly associated with QoL through depressive symptoms and poorer sleep quality. Because of higher levels of depressive symptoms and poorer sleep quality, Black participants reported poorer QoL than White participants.

Conclusions
Depressive symptoms and sleep quality together mediated the relationship between race and QoL. These findings suggest that screening for depressive symptoms and sleep quality could identify patients at risk for poor QoL, especially in Black patients.