bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual‐modality imaging for identifying thrombosis via platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor targeted cyclic RGDfK microbubbles
Authors: Wang Yabin , Zhang Yang , Yang Ning , Zhang Xiaoting , Ma Sai , Xu Mengqi , Xu Yunxue , Gao Shan , Fang Yan , Li Na , Li Sulei , Liang Ping , Zhang Xu , Fan Li , Cao Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute thrombotic events play a major role in various cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, direct thrombus imaging can be proved beneficial for early diagnosis and prompt therapy of thrombosis. Our study investigated targeted dual‐modality cyclic arginine‐glycine‐aspartic micro bubbles (cRGD‐MBs) for direct imaging of thrombi by fluorescence and ultrasound.MethodscRGD‐MBs were prepared by mechanical vibration and chemical chelation methods.ResultsCoulter counter analysis demonstrated that the cRGD‐MBs were well dispersed, with diameters ranging from 1 to 3 μm. They emitted bright red fluorescence under an excitation wavelength of 660 nm. In vivo fluorescence and ultrasound imaging revealed that cRGD‐MBs accumulated at the site of thrombus in the carotid artery with significant fluorescence and ultrasonic signal.ConclusionsThis study showed that novel microbubble cRGD‐MBs were successfully synthesized, and that these could potentially be used as contrast agents for immediate diagnosis of acute thrombus in vivo.
A concise review of the correspondence between the traditional functional analysis and alternative assessment formats
Authors: Rahaman Javid A. , Fahmie Tara A. , Melanson Isaac J. , DeBrine Jordan E. , Zangrillo Amanda N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe functional assessment of challenging behavior (e.g., self‐injurious behavior) has evolved over many years of research and practice. This concise review summarizes the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of common procedural adaptations reported to improve functional assessment safety and efficiency. We conclude with suggestions for clinicians and researchers.
Chalcogen atom effect on the intersystem crossing kinetic constant of oxygen‐ and sulfur disubstituted heteroporphyrins
Authors: Sang‐aroon Wichien , Alberto Marta Erminia , Toscano Marirosa , Russo Nino 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe modulation of the photophysical properties of di‐substituted porphyrin rings upon the oxygen and sulfur‐for‐nitrogen replacement has been investigated at density functional theory (DFT) and its time‐dependent formulation (TDDFT). The considered properties range from structural behaviors and excitation energies to spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) and nonradiative intersystem kinetic constants. Results show that the SOC strongly increase upon chalcogen substitution and, accordingly, the computed nonradiative kinetic constant also indicate an efficient singlet‐triplet intersystem crossing in the sulfur containing macrocycle. The presented results indicate an alternative way to properly modulate the porphyrin's crucial properties for their use in photodynamic therapy, without resorting to the use of heavy atoms.
Study on the adsorption performance of amoxicillin by hydrothermally modified coconut shell activated carbon
Authors: Zhao Shuheng , Wang Shang , Dang Jiatao , Wang Wei , Wang Xiangyu , Wu Menghao , Hu Jianjun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDUtilizing biowaste‐derived carbon (C) materials to remediate antibiotic‐rich wastewater has considerable ecological significance in the broader ecological cycle. In this study, coconut shell activated carbon (AC) was modified using a potassium hydroxide (KOH) hydrothermal method, and the influence of modified coconut shell AC on the adsorption of amoxicillin at different particle sizes and treatment temperatures was investigated. In addition, the adsorption kinetics of amoxicillin on different modified coconut shell AC was studied.RESULTSThe study found that unmodified coconut shell AC itself had a certain adsorption capacity for amoxicillin, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 22.43 mg g−1. After hydrothermal‐alkali modification, the adsorption capacity of coconut shell AC for amoxicillin was greatly improved, with an adsorption capacity increase of 221%. In addition, the adsorption kinetic fitting results showed that the adsorption process of amoxicillin on coconut shell AC was more consistent with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model.CONCLUSIONThe optimal modification condition for coconut shell AC was to treat coconut shell AC with a particle size of 80–120‐mesh at 160 °C. The findings of this study could offer a green and environmentally sustainable approach for amoxicillin‐contaminated wastewater treatment, and also could provide a certain theoretical basis for the application of biowaste resources in organic wastewater treatment. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Interprofessional education in undergraduate dental curricula: A systematic review
Authors: de Mendonça Brígida F. S. , de Carvalho Raquel B. , Pacheco Karina T. S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionHealth professionals who effectively communicate and coordinate their work increase patient safety and quality of care. Therefore, an interprofessional education (IPE) program may be a valuable addition to the curriculum of health science courses. This study aims to verify how IPE has been implemented in undergraduate dental program curricula.MethodsThis is a qualitative systematic review performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines with qualitative and qualitative–quantitative studies selected in the period between 2011 and 2021. The guiding question was as follows: how has IPE been implemented in undergraduate dentistry curricula around the world? The quality of the included articles was assessed using the CASP Qualitative Checklist (2018).ResultsAfter the review, 22 studies were selected and data were extracted following the acronym PICo (Population, phenomenon of Interest, and COntext). The majority of studies in which IPE is included in Dentistry come from North American universities. Regarding the IPE teaching methodology, the use of active methodologies was observed and the interprofessional skills most common were role clarity, teamwork, and communication.ConclusionThis systematic review indicated that Dentistry is included in interprofessional activities in many studies around the world, and primarily with colleagues in medicine, nursing, and pharmacy programs. IPE teaching takes place through the use of active methodologies and develops important skills for interprofessional work.
A comparison study: The use of digital and conventional impression techniques in dental hygiene education
Authors: Naderi Raha K. , Patel Tulsi J. , Thompson Michelle A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurpose/objectivesThe study aimed to assess the applicability of digital intraoral scanning in dental hygiene education and compare the quality, efficiency, and ease of use to conventional impression techniques.MethodsTwenty‐eight first‐year dental hygiene students (DH1) at UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry (UTSD) participated in this 2022 study. Each student participated in two 4‐h lab sessions. Students took traditional alginate impressions and digital intraoral scans using Planmeca Romexis on standardized teeth during the first and second sessions. Both techniques were assessed by faculty for quality and efficiency using a standardized rubric. Participants completed a post‐survey providing insight into their perceptions of both techniques and ease of use.ResultsThe study had 100% participation in the lab sessions and survey responses (N = 28). The results showed digital scanning produced a statistically higher quality product than conventional alginate impressions (p = 0.023). The study found no statistical difference in the efficiency between the two methods. The majority of students (82%) agreed that digital intraoral scanning was easy to use (p = 0.001), and 89% agreed they would use digital intraoral scanning in clinical courses to help with patient care (p = 0.03).ConclusionIn this study, dental hygiene students with limited clinical experience learned new technology and used it to produce quality impressions compared to the conventional technique, indicating the value of introducing digital dentistry early in dental hygiene education.
Evaluating the 3D printability of pearl millet flour with banana pulp blends
Authors: Santhoshkumar Paramasivam , Raja Vijayakumar , Priyadarshini Santhi Rajkumar , Moses Jeyan Arthur 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThree‐dimensional (3D) food printing is a promising method for developing nutritious snack foods with complex and customized structures. In this study, to develop a pearl millet‐based snack formulation, the printability of pearl millet flour (PMF) was assessed, without and with the addition of banana pulp (BP), a natural taste and flavor enhancer, at five different levels (PMF:BP of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100).ResultsThe water activity significantly decreased with increases in the proportion of BP; higher water activity was exhibited at 100:0 (0.99). The BP proportion influences all the color values (redness: 2–11; yellowness: 17–31.87; total color difference: 2–17). All formulations exhibited shear‐thinning behavior (n = 0.02–0.49) and higher hardness (0.2–0.4 N), but not all were printable. A significant decrease in adhesiveness (−0.2 to −0.03 N s) and higher storage modulus (2000–6000 Pa) occurred with an increased proportion of BP. Findings from detailed rheological behavior assessment (static, dynamic and three‐interval thixotropy tests) better correlated with trends observed during 3D extrusion printing. The highest yield stress was attained (80 Pa) in the 100:0 formulation. From the thixotropy test, more deformation (>80%) and recovery (>100%) were attained by three of the formulations (100:0, 80:20, 60:40). Overall, the best constructs were obtained (based on the visual sensory characteristics) for the 60:40 formulation printed at 600 mm min−1 printing speed and 240 rpm extrusion motor speed through a 1.22 mm nozzle.ConclusionThe findings of this work will provide valuable insights into the development of novel millet‐based 3D printed foods. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Patterns of Olfactory Impairment Among Patients with Uncontrolled Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Hong Junsheng , Wang Zhenlin , Wu Dawei 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesSelf‐reported olfactory dysfunction is an assessment component criterion for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) disease control of the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS). No studies have objectively explored olfactory function across different psychophysical olfactory domains among patients with uncontrolled CRS. We aimed to investigate the patterns of olfactory impairment in patients with uncontrolled CRS with Sniffin' Sticks test.MethodsA total of 79 patients with CRS were prospectively recruited and assessed for disease control based on the EPOS criteria. Sniffin' Sticks test scores, olfactory cleft computed tomography (CT) scores, olfactory cleft endoscopy scale (OCES), questionnaire of olfactory disorders‐negative statements (QOD‐NS), and sinonasal outcome test‐22 (SNOT‐22) were obtained. Multiple logistic regression was applied to explore risk factors of uncontrolled CRS.ResultsTwenty‐six percent of patients with CRS presented with uncontrolled status. The odor threshold (OT) (p = 0.005), odor identification (OI) (p = 0.041), and thresholds‐discrimination‐identification (TDI) (p = 0.029) scores were significantly lower in patients with uncontrolled CRS when compared with patients with controlled CRS. Furthermore, patients with uncontrolled CRS presented with a significantly increased percentage of anosmia (p = 0.014), olfactory cleft CT score (p = 0.038), OCES (p = 0.016), QOD‐NS(p = 0.008), and SNOT‐22 (p < 0.001) scores than patients with controlled CRS. After adjusting for patient demographics, as for the subdomain of olfaction, only the OT score was an independent risk factor for uncontrolled CRS (odds ratio = 0.604; p = 0.030). The OT scores less than 5.950 were the best predictor of uncontrolled CRS.ConclusionPatients with uncontrolled CRS demonstrated distinct patterns of olfactory impairment, and a reduced olfactory threshold was highly associated with uncontrolled CRS.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:2341–2348, 2024
Contribution of gas concentration and transfer velocity to CO2 flux variability in northern lakes
Authors: Rudberg David , Schenk Jonathan , Pajala Gustav , Sawakuchi Henrique , Sieczko Anna , Sundgren Ingrid , Duc Nguyen Thanh , Karlsson Jan , MacIntyre Sally , Melack John , Bastviken David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe CO2 flux () from lakes to the atmosphere is a large component of the global carbon cycle and depends on the air–water CO2 concentration gradient (ΔCO2) and the gas transfer velocity (k). Both ΔCO2 and k can vary on multiple timescales and understanding their contributions to is important for explaining variability in fluxes and developing optimal sampling designs. We measured and ΔCO2 and derived k for one full ice‐free period in 18 lakes using floating chambers and estimated the contributions of ΔCO2 and k to variability. Generally, k contributed more than ΔCO2 to short‐term (1–9 d) variability. With increased temporal period, the contribution of k to variability decreased, and in some lakes resulted in ΔCO2 contributing more than k to variability over the full ice‐free period. Increased contribution of ΔCO2 to variability over time occurred across all lakes but was most apparent in large‐volume southern‐boreal lakes and in deeper (> 2 m) parts of lakes, whereas k was linked to variability in shallow waters. Accordingly, knowing the variability of both k and ΔCO2 over time and space is needed for accurate modeling of from these variables. We conclude that priority in assessments should be given to direct measurements of at multiple sites when possible, or otherwise from spatially distributed measurements of ΔCO2 combined with k‐models that incorporate spatial variability of lake thermal structure and meteorology.
What motivates independent directors to join or leave boards? The interplay between director incentives, director decisions, and firm outcomes
Authors: Ewelt‐Knauer Corinna , Gerstel Hannes , Khaled Mohamed A. , Wöhrmann Arnt 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReputation, monetary, risk, and workload incentives affect independent directors' decisions to join new or leave existing board of directors' seats, impacting their directorship portfolios. Using a director's perspective and relative incentive proxies, we find that directors strategically relinquish less prestigious board seats to increase their reputation. Similarly, we hypothesize and find that accepting an additional board nomination is incentivized by a director's goal to achieve higher reputation growth. Lastly, by taking on a firm's perspective, we find a positive association between the board's aggregated portfolio reputation and risk propensity with firm performance and earnings management.
Systematic review of pathologic markers in skin ischemia with and without reperfusion injury in microsurgical reconstruction: Biomarker alterations precede histological structure changes
Authors: Khalaf Ryan , Duarte Bateman Daniela , Reyes Jose , Najafali Daniel , Rampazzo Antonio , Bassiri Gharb Bahar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIschemia and ischemia–reperfusion injury contribute to partial or complete flap necrosis. Traditionally, skin histology has been used to evaluate morphological and structural changes, however histology does not detect early changes. We hypothesize that morphological and structural skin changes in response to ischemia and IRI occur late, and modification of gene and protein expression are the earliest changes in ischemia and IRI.MethodsA systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting skin histology or gene/protein expression changes following ischemia with or without reperfusion injury published between 2002 and 2022 were included. The primary outcomes were descriptive and semi‐quantitative histological structural changes, leukocyte infiltration, edema, vessel density; secondary outcomes were quantitative gene and protein expression intensity (PCR and western blot). Model type, experimental intervention, ischemia method and duration, reperfusion duration, biopsy location and time point were collected.ResultsOne hundred and one articles were included. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) showed inflammatory infiltration in early responses (12–24 h), with structural modifications (3–14 days) and neovascularization (5–14 days) as delayed responses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) identified angiogenesis (CD31, CD34), apoptosis (TUNEL, caspase‐3, Bax/Bcl‐2), and protein localization (NF‐κB). Gene (PCR) and protein expression (western blot) detected inflammation and apoptosis; endoplasmic reticulum stress/oxidative stress and hypoxia; and neovascularization. The most common markers were TNF‐α, IL‐6 and IL‐1β (inflammation), caspase‐3 (apoptosis), VEGF (neovascularization), and HIF‐1α (hypoxia).ConclusionThere is no consensus or standard for reporting skin injury during ischemia and IRI. H&E histology is most frequently performed but is primarily descriptive and lacks sensitivity for early skin injury. Immunohistochemistry and gene/protein expression reveal immediate and quantitative cellular responses to skin ischemia and IRI. Future research is needed towards a universally‐accepted skin injury scoring system.
Radial forearm free flap reconstruction in a 3‐month‐old patient with undifferentiated pharyngeal sarcoma
Authors: Lam Theodore , Levi Eric , Shen Jacson , Wilks Daniel , Alexander William 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere is minimal information regarding free tissue transfers in very young infants, especially those less than a year old. It is often thought that that age remains a limit to free tissue transfers, with younger patients having smaller vessels, making the operation technically challenging. In this case report, we discuss the youngest and smallest recorded case of a free flap reconstruction. A 3‐month‐old patient with a malignant parapharyngeal undifferentiated round cell sarcoma underwent a resection and reconstruction with a radial forearm free flap (RFFF). The defect was 35 by 20 by 15 mm, and required a pharyngeal “patch,” as opposed to a “tube,” reconstruction. The defect was templated, and the RFFF then raised in a standard subfascial fashion, and inset with resorbable sutures. The patient was observed in the ICU postoperatively. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with Stage IV primary undifferentiated sarcoma with regional metastasis and received adjuvant chemotherapy. Fifteen‐month follow up revealed no signs of recurrence, full oral intake, a well‐reconstructed pharynx on nasoendoscopic examination, and minimal donor site morbidity. This report illustrates several unique adaptations of free flap transfer in infants and adds to the emerging body of evidence that age is not a contraindication for head and neck reconstruction.
Efficacy of Oral Appliance for Mild, Moderate, and Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Liao Jianhong , Shi Yunhan , Gao Xiang , Zhang Bowen , Li Yanru , Xu Wen , Han Demin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveOral appliances (OA) are the recommended first‐line option for mild‐to‐moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)‐hypopnea. However, there is a lack of evidence to compare the effectiveness of OA in different severities of OSA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of preferred OA (tongue retention devices [TRD] and mandibular advancement device [MAD]) in different severities of OSA.Data SourcesPubMed/MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.Review MethodsConcentrating on the efficacy of OA, 2 authors searched 3 databases up to November 10, 2022, independently and systematically, following the requirements and steps of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines.ResultsUltimately, 42 studies with 2265 patients met the criteria for inclusion in OA. Overall, the apnea‐hypopnea index improved by 48% (5.6), 67% (14.92), and 62% (32.1) in mild, moderate, and severe OSA, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference between MAD and TRD efficacy in mild OSA (58% vs 21%). However, no significant difference was seen between MAD and TRD efficacy in moderate (67% vs 66%) and severe OSA (66% vs 51%). There was no significant difference across groups in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT).ConclusionOverall, both TRD and MAD are effective treatments for moderate and severe OSA. MAD is efficacious in mild OSA, while TRD requires further validation. Furthermore, mild‐moderate and severe OSA received similar improvements in sleepiness, ODI, and LSAT. This study complements the evidence for the efficacy of OA.
Chemical profiling and quality evaluation of Liuweizhiji Gegen‐Sangshen oral liquid by UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS and HPLC‐diode array detector fingerprinting
Authors: Wei Shulin , Jiang Yu , Li Mingxing , Zhao Long , Wang Tiangang , Wei Mei , Zhao Qianyun , Zeng Jiuping , Zhao Yueshui , Shen Jing , Du Fukuan , Chen Yu , Deng Shuai , Xiao Zhangang , Li Zhi , Wu Xu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionLiuweizhiji Gegen‐Sangshen (LGS) oral liquid is a Chinese patent medicine that is widely used for the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease in clinical practice. However, the chemical complexity of LGS has not yet been investigated.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to rapidly identify chemical constituents of LGS and establish a quality control method based on fingerprint and quantitative analysis.MethodologyA comprehensive strategy was used by combining qualitative analysis by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS) and fingerprint analysis by high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC‐DAD).ResultsA total of 162 chemical components in LGS, including 91 flavonoids, 31 organic acids, and 20 phenolic compounds, were identified or preliminarily characterized in both positive and negative ion modes based on the UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS results. Of these, 37 were confirmed with the reference standards. In fingerprint analysis, 23 peaks were chosen as common peaks and used to evaluate the similarity of different batches of LGS. Subsequently, a rapid quantification method was optimized and validated for the simultaneous determination of multiple chemical markers in LGS. The validated quantitative method was successfully used to analyze different batches of LGS samples.ConclusionThe proposed comprehensive strategy combining HPLC‐DAD fingerprinting and multi‐component quantification demonstrated satisfactory results with high efficiency, accuracy, and reliability. This can be used as a reference for the overall quality consistency evaluation of Chinese patent medicines.