bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Techno-economical Layout and Turbine Type Optimization for Floating Offshore Wind Farms: A ScotWind Portfolio Study
Authors: Martin Joanna , Moreno Carlos Pérez , Snedker Thor Heine , Dykes Katherine , Bayati Ilmas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper explores state-of-the-art modelling and optimization methods for floating offshore wind farms. A case study is performed on three ScotWind lease areas, where the optimal turbine type and layout is assessed in terms of Annual Energy Production (AEP) using a multiple-step optimization strategy. The numerical setup relies on TopFarm (DTU), ORBIT (NREL) and Peak Wind’s in-house codes and expertise. The portfolio study reveals that across all sites, using wind turbines of higher single capacity (15MW against 11MW and 14MW) is more optimal, as the scaling-up of the nameplate power allows to save costs. The LCOE decreases to around 100$/MWh, which is consistent with the predictions for commercial floating wind projects in the coming years. The optimal layouts show an alignment of the turbines perpendicularly to the prevailing wind direction, in which their spacing is also greater to minimize the wake losses. Sensitivity analyses are carried out on key project-specific parameters and optimization inputs, such as the initial positions of the turbines, showing how a multiple-start strategy explores the whole design space and allows to validate the optima found.
Experiments on the wake flow behind different configurations of multirotor wind turbines
Authors: Jørs Andreas Grodås , Mjåtveit Torbjørn Lavik , Skoland Morten , Stenfelt Gloria , Hansen Thomas , Bartl Jan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Multirotor wind turbine concepts have recently emerged as a promising alternative to conventional turbines. When arranged in farms, the wake flow behind multirotor assemblies becomes an important factor in the cost-of-energy equation. This paper presents a lab-scale experiment on the effect of rotor number, inter-rotor spacing and yaw-misalignment on the wake development behind a simplified multirotor model. The flow characteristics are investigated by towing different arrangements of porous discs in a large water tank while traversing an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter in the wake. Results show lower initial velocity deficits in a multirotor’s near wake, whereas its far wake is observed to be similar to the one of a single rotor. The wake’s recovery rate is first stimulated by additional shear stresses in between the single rotors, while flattening off further downstream. Measurements on the wake flow behind individual yaw on the single rotors compared to collective yaw on all rotors show a similar deflection of the mean velocity deficit in the wake.
A FAST.Farm and MATLAB/Simulink interface for wind farm control design
Authors: Smits Coen-Jan , Silva Jean Gonzalez , Chabaud Valentin , Ferrari Riccardo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Increasing the efficiency of wind farms is important for speeding up the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. Current wind farm control relies on maximization of power generation of individual turbines. However, research has demonstrated that plant-wide wind farm control could optimize the performance of a wind farm. Wind farm simulation tools are crucial in designing, testing, and validating wind farm controls. FAST.Farm is a recently developed multi-physics engineering tool for modeling wind farm performance by solving the aero-hydro-servoelastic dynamics of each individual turbine. The capabilities of FAST.Farm for control design purposes can be extended through a co-simulation with MATLAB/Simulink. Therefore, a MATLAB/Simulink interface with FAST.Farm has been developed. The creation and operation of this interface are explained in this paper. This interface supports developing and testing advanced closed-loop control at the wind turbine and wind farm levels.
Dependence of mechanical properties of electroporcelain on quartz particle size subjected to cyclic tests
Authors: Al-Shantir O , Ruokanen M , Vrabec M , Csáki Š , Mikušová D , Lukáč F , Trník A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The aim of the paper is the reveal effect of the quartz particle size on the mechanical properties of the electroporcelain subjected to cyclic test. This paper describes the influence of quartz on the mechanical properties of electroporcelain. The amount of quartz was controlled during sample preparation. Eight groups of samples were manufactured by extrusion with the addition of 0, 1, 2, and 4 wt.% of quartz and two different quartz grain sizes of 200 μm and 64 μm. Samples were fired at the temperature of 1320 °C, which is a common temperature for this type of ceramics. Once the nominal value of mechanical strength for each group was determined, the samples were cyclically tested using 50% of the nominal mechanical strength. The samples were tested by a 3-point bending machine for obtaining mechanical strength. The obtained values exhibited, that with an increasing amount of quartz, the mechanical strength decreased. On the other hand, the amount of quartz did not have a significant impact on cyclic tests. The influence of the amount of quartz on the value of mechanical strength after 100 and 500 cycles was negligible. However, the quartz grain size had a significant effect on the mechanical strength. The smaller grain size of impurities led to a lower degradation effect.
AC conductivity of C130 type electroporcelain as a function of firing temperature and compaction pressure
Authors: Csáki Š. , Al-Shantir O. , Vrabec M. , Trník A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dependence of the AC conductivity of the C-130 type electroporcelain on the compaction pressure was measured. The samples were manufactured from spray-dried mixtures using isostatic compaction in vacuum at 5 different pressures (70 MPa to 110 MPa, 10 MPa step size). AC conductivity measurements were performed at 25 different frequencies ranging from 50 Hz to 3 MHz at room temperature on samples with dimensions 10 × 10 × 3 mm3. In addition to the compaction pressure, the effect of different firing temperatures was studied (1100°C and 1200°C). The highest values of AC conductivity were observed in the case of the raw samples, due to an amount of physically and structurally bound water. Conductivity relaxation was observed after firing at 1200°C in all samples at 2.5 MHz. A small effect of the compaction pressure was observed for the raw samples and samples fired at 1200°C.
Comparison of regression models of linear and polynomial dependencies in moisture detection technique
Authors: Futa A , Jastrzębska M , Suchorab Z 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The article presents the description of moisture detection technique in building materials and comparison of two techniques of analysis. More precisely, two models of linear regression, with linear and polynomial dependencies are presented. The readouts present the dependence between the moisture of ceramic brick, evaluated gravimetrically and permittivity values determined by TDR technique. The correlation between the moisture content estimated by the TDR and the moisture content determined gravimetrically is shown. Using the achieved data, regression models are compared and the quality of both models is determined.
The possibility of thermal activation of bentonitic clays: impact of temperature
Authors: Vejmelková E. , Pommer V. , Šádková K. , Koňáková D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article deals with the possibility of thermal activation of bentonitic clays. Specifically, the impact of temperature on the overall performance of two varying thermally activated bentonitic clays was investigated and compared with conventional kaolinitic clay. Firstly, the raw materials were characterized; their phase composition, granulometry and thermal analysis were measured. Then studied clays were fired at different temperatures from 500°C to 650°C. Afterwards, the overall performance of thermally activated clays was assessed through the view of their characterization as well as their applicability as Portland cement replacement. The main outcomes were as follows: Bentonites were more susceptible to agglomeration compared to kaolinite. They showed higher mass changes during the heat treatment, but lower increases in specific surface areas. On the other hand, for proper thermal activation, they needed a lower temperature. 600°C seemed to be optimal for the bentonitic clays, while for kaolinite the better results were observed in the case of 650°C. Moreover, thermally activated bentonites reached comparable mechanical strengths of blended cement pastes as the one with kaolinitic clay.
Indirect evaporative cooling primary and secondary effects for the cooling energy consumption of the Air Handling Units
Authors: Kostyák A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Buildings’ energy consumption become one of the most important topics since energy prices increased. The aim of building services is to reduce energy consumption without decreasing the comfort level. Decreasing the cooling energy of the HVAC system could significantly cause energy consumption reduction. This paper focuses on the possibility of indirect evaporative cooling methods applying and emphasizes the possibility of its integration with existing and working HVAC systems. This topic was investigated under laboratory and real-life environmental conditions.
Young’s modulus of illitic clay and CaCO3 mixtures during thermal treatment up to 1100 °C
Authors: Kovács T , Trník A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The dynamic Young’s modulus of samples, made from a mixture of illitic clay and laboratory grade CaCO3 with 6% addition of 3% solution of polyvinyl alcohol in anorthite stoichiometry is studied. The samples with different CaCO3 contents, namely 17.6%, 21.6%, and 25.6% are made by dry pressing. The measurements of the dimensions, mass, and resonance frequency of the samples are performed for the determination of the dynamic Young’s modulus in the temperature interval from 25 °C to 1100 °C. The influence of the amount of CaCO3 on the Young’s modulus of the samples is investigated. During the firing of the studied samples, the values of Young’s modulus increase due to the liberation of physically bound water (up to 250 °C) and sintering (above 850 °C). The values of Young’s modulus after a firing reach 16.7 – 18.4 GPa, which is about 6 – 9 times higher as the values for the raw samples.
Estimation of apparent permittivity value of polylactyde polymers using reflectrometric technique
Authors: Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk M , Zaburko J , Wlazło M , Szulzyk-Cieplak J , Suchorab Z 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This work deals with the estimation of the apparent permittivity value of PLA polymers using the reflectometric technique. Physical and chemical properties of polylactide are discussed. Test samples were prepared using 3D and FDM printing technology. The samples were examined using a time domain reflectometry multimeter, and then the obtained results were analyzed. The work was summarized with final conclusions.
The influence of graphene admixture on strength properties of cement-based composites
Authors: Pokorný Jaroslav , Ševčík Radek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cement-based composites pose a long tradition in the construction industry and are used in various forms such as structural concretes, masonry and plaster mortars, injection and special mixtures for three-dimensional concrete printing. Fine granular composites intended for injection and printing activities may have increased tend to shrinkage and cracking. The application of nanomaterials may bring a partial solution to toughening of cement-based composites. For this reason, the effect of the addition of various amounts of graphene admixture up to 0.03 wt.% on the strength properties of fine granular cement-based composites was researched. All prepared fresh mixes had the constant w/c ratio, and the behavior of modified composites was compared with plain reference material. On hardened test specimens, compressive strengths obtained after 1, 7 and 28 days of curing time were evaluated. The experimental investigation revealed, on the one hand, the partial worsening of workability of fresh mixes being compensated with an increasing amount of a superplasticizer and, on the other hand, the increment of compressive strength up to 12.5 % even for specimens with the lowest addition of graphene.
Comparison of microwave moisture evaluation quality in time and frequency domain
Authors: Suchorab Z , Tabiś K , Szczepaniak Z , Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk M , Susek W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The article presents the comparison of two methods of microwave data analysis for evaluation of moisture content in porous materials. The content of the paper covers the short description of microwave technique for moisture evaluation and the description of the two methods of microwave data analysis – the time domain and frequency domain. In the second part, the dependences between red brick moisture and apparent permittivity are presented. Apparent permittivity values are determined by microwave antenna and calculated in time and frequency domain. With the calculated values, regression models were estimated and quality of both evaluated. Using the analyzed data, the advantages and disadvantages of both techniques were defined and the measuring potential evaluated.
Targeted blockade of aberrant sodium current in a stem cell-derived neuron model of SCN3A encephalopathy
Authors: Qu Guojie , Merchant Julie P , Clatot Jérôme , DeFlitch Leah M , Frederick Danny J , Tang Sheng , Salvatore Madeleine , Zhang Xiaohong , Li Jianping , Anderson Stewart A , Goldberg Ethan M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Missense variants in SCN3A encoding the voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channel α subunit Nav1.3 are associated with SCN3A-related neurodevelopmental disorder (SCN3A-NDD), a spectrum of disease that includes epilepsy and malformation of cortical development. How genetic variation in SCN3A leads to pathology remains unclear, as prior electrophysiological work on disease-associated variants has been performed exclusively in heterologous cell systems. To further investigate the mechanisms of SCN3A-NDD pathogenesis, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to modify a control human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line to express the recurrent de novo missense variant SCN3A c.2624T&gt;C (p.Ile875Thr).
With the established Ngn2 rapid induction protocol, we generated glutamatergic forebrain-like neurons (iNeurons), which we showed to express SCN3A mRNA and Nav1.3-mediated Na+ currents. We performed detailed whole-cell patch clamp recordings to determine the effect of the SCN3A-p.Ile875Thr variant on endogenous Na+ currents in, and intrinsic excitability of, human neurons. Compared to control iNeurons, variant-expressing iNeurons exhibit markedly increased slowly-inactivating/persistent Na+ current, abnormal firing patterns with paroxysmal bursting and plateau-like potentials with action potential failure, and a hyperpolarized voltage threshold for action potential generation. We then validated these findings using a separate iPSC line generated from a patient harbouring the SCN3A-p.Ile875Thr variant compared to a corresponding CRISPR-corrected isogenic control line. Finally, we found that application of the Nav1.3-selective blocker ICA-121431 normalizes action potential threshold and aberrant firing patterns in SCN3A-p.Ile1875Thr iNeurons; in contrast, consistent with action as a Na+ channel blocker, ICA-121431 decreases excitability of control iNeurons.
Our findings demonstrate that iNeurons can model the effects of genetic variation in SCN3A yet reveal a complex relationship between gain-of-function at the level of the ion channel versus impact on neuronal excitability. Given the transient expression of SCN3A in the developing human nervous system, selective blockade or suppression of Nav1.3-containing Na+ channels could represent a therapeutic approach towards SCN3A-NDD.
An Effective and Universal Long-Read Sequencing-Based Approach for SMN1 2 + 0 Carrier Screening through Family Trio Analysis
Authors: Li Shuyuan , Han Xu , Zhang Liang , Xu Yan , Chang Chunxin , Gao Li , Zhan Jiahan , Hua Renyi , Mao Aiping , Wang Yanlin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Population-wide carrier screening for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is recommended by professional organizations to facilitate informed reproductive options. However, genetic screening for SMN1 2 + 0 carriers, accounting for 3%–8% of all SMA carriers, has been challenging due to the large gene size and long distance between the 2 SMN genes.

Methods
Here we repurposed a previously developed long-read sequencing-based approach, termed comprehensive analysis of SMA (CASMA), to identify SMN1 2 + 0 carriers through haplotype analysis in family trios (CASMA-trio). Bioinformatics pipelines were developed for accurate haplotype analysis and SMN1 2 + 0 deduction. Seventy-nine subjects from 24 families composed of, at the minimum, 3 were enrolled, and CASMA-trio was employed to determine whether an index subject with 2 SMN1 copies was a 2 + 0 carrier in these families. For the proof-of-principle, SMN2 2 + 0 was also analyzed.

Results
Among the 16 subjects with 2 SMN1 copies, CASMA-trio identified 5 subjects from 4 families as SMN1 2 + 0 carriers, which was consistent with pedigree analysis involving an affected proband. CASMA-trio also identified SMN2 2 + 0 in six out of 43 subjects with 2 SMN2 copies. Additionally, CASMA-trio successfully determined the distribution pattern of SMN1 and SMN2 genes on 2 alleles in all 79 subjects.

Conclusions
CASMA-trio represents an effective and universal approach for SMN1 2 + 0 carriers screening, as it does not reply on the presence of an affected proband, certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms, ethnicity-specific haplotypes, or complicated single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis across 3 generations. Incorporating CASMA-trio into existing SMA carrier screening programs will greatly reduce residual risk ratio.
A Longitudinal Study of Plasma Glycated Albumin across Pregnancy and Associations with Maternal Characteristics and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers
Authors: Pang Wei Wei , Hinkle Stefanie N , Wu Jing , Stallcup Paulina , Tsai Michael Y , Sacks David B , Zhang Cuilin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlycated albumin (GA) has recently been proposed as a screening marker for diabetes among non-pregnant individuals. However, data on GA during pregnancy are sparse and lacking among women of diverse race/ethnicity. We investigated longitudinal concentrations of GA among multiracial pregnant women in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Growth Studies–Singletons.MethodsWe quantified GA and cardiometabolic biomarkers using longitudinal plasma samples collected at 10 to 14, 15 to 26 (fasting), 23 to 31, and 33 to 39 gestational weeks from 214 pregnant women without gestational diabetes. We examined the distribution of GA across pregnancy and its association with participants’ characteristics including race/ethnicity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), and selected cardiometabolic biomarkers. GA trajectories were estimated using a latent class approach.ResultsMedians (interquartile range) of GA concentrations were 12.1% (10.6%–13.4%), 12.5% (10.7%–13.8%), 12.4% (10.9%–13.5%), and 11.5% (10.4%–12.5%) at 10 to 14, 15 to 26, 23 to 31, and 33 to 39 weeks, respectively. There were no significant differences in the pattern among different race/ethnic groups (P &gt; 0.53). A minority of women exhibited a GA trajectory characterized by a high concentration of GA at 15 to 26 weeks. GA concentrations were inversely related to ppBMI and plasma low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride concentrations, but were not significantly related to hemoglobin A1c, fasting insulin, or glucose over pregnancy.ConclusionsIn this study of individuals who were normoglycemic before pregnancy, plasma GA concentrations stayed relatively constant over pregnancy, decreasing only in late pregnancy. GA concentrations were inversely related to ppBMI and suboptimal lipid profiles, but did not appear to be a sensitive marker for glucose metabolism in pregnancy.
Leveraging Meta-Learning To Improve Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
Authors: Farhadi Amirfarhad , Sharifi Arash 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) techniques in real-world scenarios often encounter limitations due to their reliance on reducing distribution dissimilarity between source and target domains, assuming it leads to effective adaptation. However, they overlook the intricate factors causing domain shifts, including data distribution variations, domain-specific features and nonlinear relationships, thereby hindering robust performance in challenging UDA tasks. The Neuro-Fuzzy Meta-Learning (NF-ML) approach overcomes traditional UDA limitations with its flexible framework that adapts to intricate, nonlinear domain gaps without rigid assumptions. NF-ML enhances domain adaptation by selecting a UDA subset and optimizing their weights via a neuro-fuzzy system, utilizing meta-learning to efficiently adapt models to new domains using previously acquired knowledge. This approach mitigates domain adaptation challenges and bolsters traditional UDA methods’ performance by harnessing the strengths of multiple UDA methods to enhance overall model generalization. The proposed approach shows potential in advancing domain adaptation research by providing a robust and efficient solution for real-world domain shifts. Experiments on three standard image datasets confirm the proposed approach’s superiority over state-of-the-art UDA methods, validating the effectiveness of meta-learning. Remarkably, the Office+Caltech 10, ImageCLEF-DA and combined digit datasets exhibit substantial accuracy gains of 30.9%, 6.8% and 10.9%, respectively, compared with the best-second baseline UDA approach.
A genome-wide overexpression screen reveals Mycobacterium smegmatis growth inhibitors encoded by mycobacteriophage Hammy
Authors: Amaya Isabel , Edwards Kaylia , Wise Bethany M , Bhattacharyya Ankita , Pablo Clint H D , Mushrush Ember , Coats Amber N , Dao Sara , Dittmar Grace , Gore Taylor , Jarva Taiya M , Kenkebashvili Giorgi , Rathan-Kumar Sudiksha , Reyes Gabriella M , Watts Garrett L , Watts Victoria Kalene , Dubrow Deena , Lewis Gabrielle , Stone Benjamin H , Xue Bingjie , Cresawn Steven G , Mavrodi Dmitri , Sivanathan Viknesh , Heller Danielle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During infection, bacteriophages produce diverse gene products to overcome bacterial antiphage defenses, to outcompete other phages, and to take over cellular processes. Even in the best-studied model phages, the roles of most phage-encoded gene products are unknown, and the phage population represents a largely untapped reservoir of novel gene functions. Considering the sheer size of this population, experimental screening methods are needed to sort through the enormous collection of available sequences and identify gene products that can modulate bacterial behavior for downstream functional characterization. Here, we describe the construction of a plasmid-based overexpression library of 94 genes encoded by Hammy, a Cluster K mycobacteriophage closely related to those infecting clinically important mycobacteria. The arrayed library was systematically screened in a plate-based cytotoxicity assay, identifying a diverse set of 24 gene products (representing ∼25% of the Hammy genome) capable of inhibiting growth of the host bacterium Mycobacterium smegmatis. Half of these are related to growth inhibitors previously identified in related phage Waterfoul, supporting their functional conservation; the other genes represent novel additions to the list of known antimycobacterial growth inhibitors. This work, conducted as part of the HHMI-supported Science Education Alliance Gene-function Exploration by a Network of Emerging Scientists (SEA-GENES) project, highlights the value of parallel, comprehensive overexpression screens in exploring genome-wide patterns of phage gene function and novel interactions between phages and their hosts.