bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity Patterns, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in South African Office-Based Workers
Authors: Phaswana Merling , Gordon Neil F. , Gradidge Philippe Jean-Luc 
Published: October 2023

Office-based workers typically have a sedentary lifestyle and spend the majority of their working hours sitting, which can lead to an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to quantify sedentary behavior and overall physical activity, and to determine their association with cardiometabolic risk factors in a cohort of 122 office workers. Sedentary behavior and physical activity were assessed using questionnaires and wrist-worn Axivity accelerometers. Weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, blood pressure, and point-of-care blood variables (namely, lipids and lipoproteins, glucose, and glycated hemoglobin) were also measured. Most (68.0%) of the study participants were women, with a mean age of 40.2 ± 9.3 years. The self-reported total daily sedentary time for this cohort was 595.5 min/day (IQR: 413.5-863.4 min/day). Accelerometry-measured sedentary behavior was positively associated with light physical activity (β: .98, P = .001) and inversely associated with moderate-to-vigorous activity (β: −.08, P = .01). Both systolic (β: −.234, P = .037) and diastolic blood pressure (β: −.250, P < .001) were inversely associated with accelerometry-measured light physical activity. However, there was no association between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic risk factors. Our findings show that South African office workers spend a substantial amount of time sitting during work hours and while commuting, and support the need for public health workplace interventions to mitigate the potential health risks of sedentary behavior.
Wrist arthrodesis and soft tissue rebalancing in the spastic hand
Authors: Nixon Matthew , Zreik Nasri , Bakhit Hany 
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present study was to investigate the outcomes of wrist arthrodesis with simultaneous soft tissue rebalancing of the digits in the spastic wrist. In 43 wrists (40 patients) the surgical goals, patient selection, procedures and outcomes were assessed. Preoperatively, mean passive extension was to 44° below neutral and only two patients had volitional control. Postoperatively, 33 and 10 cases reported excellent and good outcomes, respectively. A mean Goal Attainment Score of 62.4 indicated better than expected outcomes. In total, 37 hands required simultaneous finger rebalancing: 24 underwent tendon transfers and 13 surgical releases. A total of 12 thumbs required tendon transfers, three soft tissue releases and five metacarpophalangeal joint stabilization. Ten patients experienced complications, most commonly wound problems and implant failure, predominantly observed in patients with severe wrist and elbow contractures. In conclusion, wrist arthrodesis with simultaneous soft tissue rebalancing of the digits offers a viable approach in patients with severe spasticity. Cautious patient selection and consideration of potential complications are crucial for good outcomes. Level of evidence: IV
Leveraging a disulfidptosis-related signature to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy effectiveness of cutaneous melanoma based on machine learning
Authors: Zhao Yi , Wei Yanjun , Fan Lingjia , Nie Yuanliu , Li Jianan , Zeng Renya , Li Jixian , Zhan Xiang , Lei Lingli , Kang Zhichao , Li Jiaxin , Zhang Wentao , Yang Zhe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Disulfidptosis is a recently discovered programmed cell death pathway. However, the exact molecular mechanism of disulfidptosis in cutaneous melanoma remains unclear.

Methods
In this study, clustering analysis was performed using data from public databases to construct a prognostic model, which was subsequently externally validated. The biological functions of the model genes were then investigated through various experimental techniques, including qRT-PCR, Western blotting, CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay.

Results
We constructed a signature using cutaneous melanoma (CM) data, which accurately predicts the overall survival (OS) of patients. The predictive value of this signature for prognosis and immune therapy response was validated using multiple external datasets. High-risk CM subgroups may exhibit decreased survival rates, alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and increased tumor mutation burden. We initially verified the expression levels of five optimum disulfidptosis-related genes (ODRGs) in normal tissues and CM. The expression levels of these genes were further confirmed in HaCaT cells and three melanoma cell lines using qPCR and protein blotting analysis. HLA-DQA1 emerged as the gene with the highest regression coefficient in our risk model, highlighting its role in CM. Mechanistically, HLA-DQA1 demonstrated the ability to suppress CM cell growth, proliferation, and migration.

Conclusion
In this study, a novel signature related to disulfidptosis was constructed, which accurately predicts the survival rate and treatment sensitivity of CM patients. Additionally, HLA-DQA1 is expected to be a feasible therapeutic target for effective clinical treatment of CM.
Determinants of caregiving grandparents’ physical activity and sedentary behavior: a qualitative study using focus group discussions
Authors: Vermote Marie , Deliens Tom , Deforche Benedicte , D’Hondt Eva 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence on the factors influencing physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in middle-aged and older adults taking care of their grandchild(ren) is limited, even though this knowledge seems imperative when considering the unique relationship between grandparents and their grandchild(ren) as well as the rising popularity of intergenerational interventions targeting these energy-expenditure related behaviors. Therefore, this explorative qualitative study aimed to identify the determinants of PA and SB levels among Flemish caregiving grandparents in the presence of their grandchild(ren) aged between 0–5 years.MethodsSix online focus group discussions were conducted via Microsoft Teams, all of which were audio- and videotaped with permission granted by the participating grandparents. In total, nine caregiving grandfathers and 28 caregiving grandmothers (overall mean age = 60.9 ± 4.1y) participated in this study. An inductive content analysis approach was used to derive subcategories, categories and themes from the verbatim transcribed data using NVivo R1.ResultsCaregiving grandparents’ levels of PA and SB were both influenced by personal determinants (e.g., physical health, grandparental perceptions and responsibilities), interpersonal determinants (e.g., characteristics of the grandchild(ren), such as age-related physical/motor development and family interaction), and environmental determinants (e.g., weather and seasonal circumstances). PA levels of caregiving grandparents were further affected by additional personal determinants (e.g., age of the grandparent, planning and location) and interpersonal determinants (e.g., characteristics of the grandchild(ren), such as new experiences of the grandchild(ren)). Additionally, some personal determinants (e.g., perception of educational value) and interpersonal determinants (e.g., characteristics of the grandchild(ren), such as age-related cognitive development and health of the grandchild(ren)) were strictly mentioned to influence caregiving grandparents’ SB.ConclusionsAcknowledging the unique relationship between grandparents and their grandchild(ren), the current study identified specific factors determining grandparents’ PA and SB levels during the provision of grandchild care. Besides, it turned out of importance to take the interplay between the different determinants into account. Especially, for those grandparents with older grandchild(ren), within the studied 0–5 years age range, more attention should be paid to grandchild characteristics as part of the interpersonal determinants when setting up interventions to improve levels of PA and SB in caregiving grandparents.
Gene expression in notochord and nuclei pulposi: a study of gene families across the chordate phylum
Authors: Raghavan Rahul , Coppola Ugo , Wu Yushi , Ihewulezi Chibuike , Negrón-Piñeiro Lenny J. , Maguire Julie E. , Hong Justin , Cunningham Matthew , Kim Han Jo , Albert Todd J. , Ali Abdullah M. , Saint-Jeannet Jean-Pierre , Ristoratore Filomena , Dahia Chitra L. , Di Gregorio Anna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe transition from notochord to vertebral column is a crucial milestone in chordate evolution and in prenatal development of all vertebrates. As ossification of the vertebral bodies proceeds, involutions of residual notochord cells into the intervertebral discs form the nuclei pulposi, shock-absorbing structures that confer flexibility to the spine. Numerous studies have outlined the developmental and evolutionary relationship between notochord and nuclei pulposi. However, the knowledge of the similarities and differences in the genetic repertoires of these two structures remains limited, also because comparative studies of notochord and nuclei pulposi across chordates are complicated by the gene/genome duplication events that led to extant vertebrates. Here we show the results of a pilot study aimed at bridging the information on these two structures. We have followed in different vertebrates the evolutionary trajectory of notochord genes identified in the invertebrate chordate Ciona, and we have evaluated the extent of conservation of their expression in notochord cells. Our results have uncovered evolutionarily conserved markers of both notochord development and aging/degeneration of the nuclei pulposi.
Genetic polymorphism of Y-chromosome in Kazakh populations from Southern Kazakhstan
Authors: Ashirbekov Yeldar , Seidualy Madina , Abaildayev Arman , Maxutova Albina , Zhunussova Aigul , Akilzhanova Ainur , Sharipov Kamalidin , Sabitov Zhaxylyk , Zhabagin Maxat 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The Kazakhs are one of the biggest Turkic-speaking ethnic groups, controlling vast swaths of land from the Altai to the Caspian Sea. In terms of area, Kazakhstan is ranked ninth in the world. Northern, Eastern, and Western Kazakhstan have already been studied in relation to genetic polymorphism 27 Y-STR. However, current information on the genetic polymorphism of the Y-chromosome of Southern Kazakhstan is limited only by 17 Y-STR and no geographical study of other regions has been studied at this variation.

Results
The Kazakhstan Y-chromosome Haplotype Reference Database was expanded with 468 Kazakh males from the Zhambyl and Turkestan regions of South Kazakhstan by having their 27 Y-STR loci and 23 Y-SNP markers analyzed. Discrimination capacity (DC = 91.23%), haplotype match probability (HPM = 0.0029) and haplotype diversity (HD = 0.9992) are defined. Most of this Y-chromosome variability is attributed to haplogroups C2a1a1b1-F1756 (2.1%), C2a1a2-M48 (7.3%), C2a1a3-F1918 (33.3%) and C2b1a1a1a-M407 (6%). Median-joining network analysis was applied to understand the relationship between the haplotypes of the three regions. In three genetic layer can be described the position of the populations of the Southern region of Kazakhstan—the geographic Kazakh populations of Kazakhstan, the Kazakh tribal groups, and the people of bordering Asia.

Conclusion
The Kazakhstan Y-chromosome Haplotype Reference Database was formed for 27 Y-STR loci with a total sample of 1796 samples of Kazakhs from 16 regions of Kazakhstan. The variability of the Y-chromosome of the Kazakhs in a geographical context can be divided into four main clusters—south, north, east, west. At the same time, in the genetic space of tribal groups, the population of southern Kazakhs clusters with tribes from the same region, and genetic proximity is determined with the populations of the Hazaras of Afghanistan and the Mongols of China.
Enhanced CT combined with texture analysis for differential diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma and adenolymphoma
Authors: Xia Feifei , Guo Foqing , Liu Zhe , Zeng Jie , Ma Xuehua , Yu Chongqing , Li Changxue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study sought to evaluate the worth of the general characteristics of enhanced CT images and the histogram parameters of each stage in distinguishing pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and adenolymphoma (AL).

Methods
The imaging features and histogram parameters of preoperative enhanced CT images in 20 patients with PA and 29 patients with AL were analyzed. Tumor morphology and histogram parameters of PA and AL were compared. Area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and subject operational feature specificity (ROC) analysis were used to determine the differential diagnostic effect of single-stage or multi-stage parameter combinations.

Results
The difference in CT value and net enhancement value of arterial phase (AP) were significant (p < 0.05); Flat sweep phase (FSP), AP mean, percentiles, 10th, 50th, 90th, 99th and arterial period variance and venous phase (VP) kurtosis in the nine histogram parameters of each period (p < 0.05). An analysis of the ROC curve revealed a maximum area beneath the curve (AUC) in the 90th percentile of FSP for a single-parameter differential diagnosis to be 0.870. The diagnostic efficacy of the mean value of FSP + The 90th percentile of AP + Kurtosis of VP was the best in multi-parameter combination diagnosis, with an AUC of 0.925, and the sensitivity and specificity of 0.900 and 0.850, respectively.

Conclusion
The histogram analysis of enhanced CT images is valuable for the differentiation of PA and AL. Moreover, the combination of single-stage parameters or multi-stage parameters can improve the differential diagnosis efficiency.
Comparison of respiratory pathogens in children with community-acquired pneumonia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tang Mingyu , Dong Wenfang , Yuan Shuhua , Chen Jiande , Lin Jie , Wu Jinhong , Zhang Jing , Yin Yong , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Multifaceted non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic have not only reduced the transmission of SARS-CoV2, but have had an effect on the prevalence of other pathogens. This retrospective study aimed to compare and analyze the changes of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia.

Methods
From January 2019 to December 2020, children with community-acquired pneumonia were selected from the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center. On the first day of hospitalization, sputum, throat swabs, venous blood samples from them were collected for detection of pathogens.

Results
A total of 2596 children with community-acquired pneumonia were enrolled, including 1871 patients in 2019 and 725 in 2020. The detection rate in 2020 was lower than in 2019, whether single or multiple pathogens. Compared with 2019, the detection rate of virus, especially parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus, all decreased in 2020. On the contrary, the prevalence of human rhinovirus was much higher than that in 2019. In addition, the positivity rate for bacteria did not change much over the two years, which seemed to be less affected by COVID-19. And Mycoplasma pneumoniae which broke out in 2019 has been in low prevalence since March 2020 even following the reopening of school.

Conclusions
Strict public health interventions for COVID-19 in China have effectively suppressed the spread of not only SARS-CoV2 but parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and Mycoplasma pneumonia as well. However, it had a much more limited effect on bacteria and rhinovirus. Therefore, more epidemiological surveillance of respiratory pathogens will help improve early preventive measures.
HIV-related stigma, depression and suicidal ideation among HIV-positive MSM in China: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Fu Jiaqi , Chen Xu , Dai Zhenwei , Huang Yiman , Xiao Weijun , Wang Hao , Si Mingyu , Wu Yijin , Zhang Ling , Jing Shu , Liu Xin , Yu Fei , Mi Guodong , Su Xiao-You 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
As the HIV epidemic among MSM in China continues, Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) face various mental health difficulties, including suicide ideation, depression, and stigma. The current study aims to assess the mechanisms between HIV-related stigma, depression, and suicidal ideation among MSM in China.

Methods
This national cross-sectional study was completed on the geosocial networking application (GSN) app, Blued, from December 2020 to March 2021. We used the HIV Stigma Scale and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D10) to measure HIV stigma and depression, respectively. Suicidal ideation was measured by the suicidal ideation-related item. Descriptive analyses, logistic regression, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used for data analysis.

Results
A total of 244 HIV-positive MSM were included in the analysis. The mediation model revealed that the direct pathway of perceived HIV-related stigma on suicidal ideation was significant (standardized pathway coefficient = 0.07), and the indirect pathway of perceived HIV-related stigma on suicidal ideation via depression was also significant (standardized pathway coefficient = 0.04). There was a partial mediating effect of depression in the association between perceived HIV-related stigma and suicidal ideation.

Conclusions
Our study found that both perceived HIV-related stigma and depression were associated with suicidal ideation among HIV-positive MSM in China, and that depression could serve as a mediator between HIV-related stigma and suicidal ideation. Targeted interventions regarding HIV-related stigma and depression should be taken into account to reduce suicidal ideation among HIV-positive MSM in China.
A transvaginal ultrasound-based diagnostic calculator for uterus post-cesarean scar defect
Authors: Allameh Zahra , Rouholamin Safoura , Rasti Sina , Adibi Atoosa , Foroughi Zahra , Goharian Maryam , Rad Mehrdad Rabiee , Dabaghi Ghazal Ghasempour 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
A cesarean scar defect (CSD) is incomplete healing of the myometrium at the site of a prior cesarean section (CS), complicating more than half of all cesarean sections. While transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) is the most common modality for diagnosing this defect, hysteroscopy remains the gold standard. We aimed to develop an efficient diagnostic tool for CSD among women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) by integrating TVU findings and participants’ demographic features.

Methods
A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 premenopausal and non-pregnant women with a history of CS complaining of AUB without a known systemic or structural etiology. Each participant underwent a hysteroscopy followed by a TVU the next day. The defect dimensions in TVU, patients’ age, and the number of previous CSs were integrated into a binary logistic regression model to evaluate their predictive ability for a hysteroscopy-confirmed CSD.

Results
Hysteroscopy identified 74 (74%) participants with CSD. The variables age, the number of CSs, defect length, and defect width significantly contributed to the logistic regression model to diagnose CSD with odds ratios of 9.7, 0.7, 2.6, and 1.7, respectively. The developed model exhibited accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 88.00%, 91.89%, and 76.92%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.955 (P-value < 0.001).

Conclusion
Among non-pregnant women suspected of CSD due to AUB, looking at age, the number of previous CSs, and TVU-based defect width and length can efficiently rule CSD out.
The effects of ginger supplementation on common gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Foshati Sahar , Poursadeghfard Maryam , Heidari Zahra , Amani Reza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundGastrointestinal (GI) symptoms affect more than 80% of individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Ginger is widely known for its GI relieving properties. Therefore, we investigated the effect of ginger supplementation on common GI symptoms in RRMS patients.MethodsThis study was a 12-week double-blind parallel randomized controlled trial with a 3-week run-in period. The intervention (n = 26) and control (n = 26) groups received 500 mg ginger and placebo (as corn) supplements 3 times a day along with main meals, respectively. At the beginning and end of the trial, the frequency and severity of constipation, dysphagia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, belching, flatulence, heartburn, anorexia, and nausea were assessed using the visual analogue scale ranging from 0 to 100 mm. Totally, 49 participants completed the study. However, data analysis was performed on all 52 participants based on the intention-to-treat principle.ResultsIn comparison with placebo, ginger supplementation resulted in significant or near-significant reductions in the frequency (-23.63 ± 5.36 vs. 14.81 ± 2.78,P < 0.001) and severity (-24.15 ± 5.10 vs. 11.39 ± 3.23,P < 0.001) of constipation, the frequency (-12.41 ± 3.75 vs. 3.75 ± 1.82,P < 0.001) and severity (-13.43 ± 4.91 vs. 6.88 ± 2.69,P = 0.001) of nausea, the frequency (-9.31 ± 4.44 vs. 1.56 ± 4.05,P = 0.098) and severity (-11.57 ± 5.09 vs. 3.97 ± 3.99,P = 0.047) of bloating, and the severity of abdominal pain (-5.69 ± 3.66 vs. 3.43 ± 3.26,P = 0.069).ConclusionGinger consumption can improve constipation, nausea, bloating, and abdominal pain in patients with RRMS.Trial RegistrationThis trial was prospectively registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir) under the registration number IRCT20180818040827N3 on 06/10/2021.