bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermoscopic Features of Benign Pigmented Skin Lesions on Face
Authors: Othman Awat , Saeed Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

Background: Benign pigmented skin lesions (BPSL) on the face, including melanocytic nevi, lentigines, freckles, lichen planus pigmentosus, pigmented seborrheic keratosis, pigmented actinic keratosis, lichenoid keratosis, hypertrophic lichen planus, and melasma. Dermoscopy is used to aid the diagnosis and to help exclude malignant skin lesions.

Aims: To recognize benign features of pigmented lesions using dermoscopy as a noninvasive procedure, reduce the rate of biopsy as invasive as much as possible, and be more familiar with benign dermoscopic features of benign pigmented lesions and differentiate them from pigmented malignant lesions.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was done in Sulaimaniyah Dermatology Teaching Center from 1st July 2021 to 30th May 2022. One-hundred fifty patients with benign face pigmented lesions were enrolled. Clinical and dermoscopic assessments of each lesion were performed using Molescope TM II.

Results: Melanocytic lesions were the most prevalent type of benign pigmented lesions on the face in 97 patients (64%), and the most frequent dermoscopic features include homogenous brown pigmentation, typical pigmented network, and regular distributed dots and globules. Hyperkeratotic lesions were the second most common benign and premalignant lesions in 40 patients (27.3%), and among them, pigmented seborrhiek keratosis was the most prevalent lesions in 20 patients (13.3%), while the most abundant dermoscopic findings were homogenous brown pigmentation in 100% (20 patients), followed by 95% (19 patients) for each milia like-cyst, comedo like opening, and mouth border. Inflammatory lesions were the least prevalent pigmented lesions in 13 patients (8.7%), and melasma was the most common inflammatory lesion in 11 patients (7.3%). At the same time, most observed dermoscopic findings were homogenous brown pigmentation, pseudo network, dots/globules, and telangiectasia in 100% (11 patients).

Conclusion: Dermoscopy was the definite tool for diagnosing BPSL, locating on the face and differentiating them from pigmented malignant lesions.
Consequences of Academic Degrees Deprivation for the Faculty Members of Educational and Research Organizations in the Context of Labor Legislation
Authors: Bogdan V. V. , Urda M. N. 
Published: January 2024

The deprivation of academic degrees of employees of educational and scientific organizations has negative consequences for the employer. In addition to the fact that the employer suffers reputational losses, the employer is obliged to make a decision concerning the possibility of continuing an employment relationship with such an employee, since the academic degree confirms the qualification level, and concerning recovery of unreasonably received remuneration, since the academic degree entitles the employees to receive additional payments and participate in grants. The lack of a direct mechanism for resolving this issue violates the balance of interests between the employee and the employer. The purpose of the paper is to identify the negative consequences of deprivation of an academic degree in the context of labor legislation for employees of educational and scientific organizations, including risk assessment for the employer.The research methodology was based on general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, which made it possible to draw reasonable conclusions about the need to develop a special mechanism for establishing legitimate certainty of labor relations when an employee is deprived of an academic degree. The study used a formal legal method (when referring to the texts of normative legal acts and court decisions).The doctrine of labor law lacks thorough consideration of the issue due to its relative novelty because of the large number of deprivations of academic degrees that have taken place recently. The author determines two problems related to the consequences of deprivation of an academic degree: termination of an employment contract on the employer’s initiative and recovery of unjust enrichment. The paper justifies the necessity of granting the employer the right to terminate employment contracts with such persons. For the first time, the paper shows the dependence of the consequences of deprivation of an academic degree in the form of the possibility of termination of an employment contract at the employer’s initiative on the office taken by the person deprived of the academic degree, as a result of which the need to change approaches to the balance of rights between the parties to an employment contract is elucidated. The results of the study can be used in the work of educational and scientific organizations whose employees are deprived of academic degrees, in order to avoid procedural errors and violations of workers’ rights, or in judicial practice.
Decentralized Autonomous Organizations in the System of Modern law: Towards the Problem Statement
Authors: Sidorenko E. L. 
Published: January 2024

The paper examines the issues of adaptability of legal structures to the needs of the digital economy from the angle of analyzing the status of decentralized autonomous organizations. It reveals key trends in the development of blockchain technologies, reveals deep systemic connections between the needs and instrumental © Сидоренко Э. Л., 2024capabilities of civil law in the digital age. The refrain in the article is the idea that the digital economy throws new challenges to the legislator and generates previously unknown forms of business process organization, to which the law simply does not have time to respond, and it is forced to look for new methodological solutions. One such solution is to regulate the status of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO) as an alternative to traditional corporations. Among the legally significant signs of DAO, the nature of the interaction of participants based on a distributed registry system, the absence of a single management body, automated execution of decisions, etc. is noted. Based on the concept of functional equivalence, the author examines the existing models of DAO legal regulation and highlights their common legal properties, which in the future allow us to propose a universal matrix of regulation of decentralized societies. The paper also evaluates the prospects for the «implantation» of DAO into the Russian legal field and draws conclusions about the instrumental and conceptual inability of civil law to offer a legal matrix of DAO that meets modern economic and digital demands.
Assessment of Ki-67 expression in Phyllodes tumor of breast: An Indian study
Authors: Deeparani Thingujam , Kasimsetty Chatura Ramakantha 
Published: January 2024

Phyllodes tumor (PT) accounts for 0.3-1% of all breast tumors and classified into benign (BP), borderline (BLP) and malignant (MP). However, grading system is somewhat subjective and diagnosis remains challenging. Ancillary techniques may help in classification and prognostication of the tumor.Evaluation of the proliferative activity by Ki-67 index in Indian scenario.50 PTs received from January 2014 to December 2018 were graded using WHO criteria 2019. Ki-67 labelling index (LI) was calculated and graded 1+ (1-35%), 2+ (35-70%), 3+ (70-100%). Relevant statistical analysis was applied. P value of &#60;0.05 was considered significant.70% (35) were BP, 26% (13) BLP and 4% (2) MP. Infiltrative margin, increased stromal cellularity, overgrowth, nuclear atypia and mitotic index were significantly associated with higher grade (P&#60;0.000). The proportion of Ki-67 positive stromal cells in MP (mean76%) was higher than in BLP (mean 56.2%) and BP (mean 23.1%). Increasing Ki-67 index was significantly associated with infiltrative margin, presence of stromal overgrowth, increasing stromal cellularity, nuclear atypia, mitotic index and histological grade (P&#60;0.000). Ki-67 statistically distinguished BP from BLP and MP (P&#60;0.000, P&#60;0.001 respectively), but not between BLP and MP (P&#60;0.329). As a prognostic feature, high Ki-67 index expression did not predict local recurrence and due to fewer recurrent cases, the statistical correlation with any parameter could not be done.Histopathologic characteristics correlated with Ki-67 index. However, it was uncertain whether Ki-67 could provide independent prognostic information beyond histopathological typing. Continued follow-up with greater number of significant episodes may yield more informative correlations.
Effects of socio-demographic parametrs on anemia in antenatal women in Vijayapur district of North Karnataka- A cross sectional study
Authors: Patil Prakash M , Patil Neelamma G , Thakur Naqsh , Kumar Shrey 
Published: January 2024

Anaemia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, especially among women having prevalence of approximately 41.8% among pregnant women. In India, Iron deficiency anaemia takes the highest share when it comes to prevalence pan nation. To study the prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women and the factors contributing to it in the population of Vijayapur district. A cross sectional study conducted in a Tertiary care, Centre at Vijayapur, North Karnataka. All the consenting pregnant women between age 20 to 40 years of age and gestational age more than 37 weeks. 57.3% were in the age group of 21-24 years in which 67.4% were non anaemic, 13.9 % were mild anaemic, 17.4% were moderately anaemic, 1.1% were severely anaemic. 27.3% were in the age group of 25-29 years in which 65.8% were non anaemic, 12.1% were mild anaemic, 21.9% were moderately anaemic. Iron deficiency anemia is most prevalent in reproductive age group, low socio-economic status, Iron and Folic acid medication taken in pregnant women which was in concordance with other studies.Conclusion: High prevalence of anaemia is a strong indicator of failure of the healthcare system at national and international level.
Comparing internal versus external fixation for diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures in skeletally immature dogs
Authors: Chitty Jake , Aldridge Paul 
Published: January 2024

PICO Question
In skeletally immature dogs with simple non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures does internal fixation compared with external fixation result in less postoperative complications and improved fracture healing?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Treatment.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
There were no publications that answered the PICO question.
Strength of evidence
None.
Outcomes reported
Both external skeletal fixation and internal fixation are reported as techniques for diaphyseal tibial and fibular fracture management in companion animals, though no study has been reported to compare these techniques directly, or to report fracture healing and postoperative complications in skeletally immature dogs with non-displaced diaphyseal tibial fractures.
Conclusion
Given the absence of evidence answering the PICO, choice and recommendation on treatment for non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures in skeletally immature dogs should be decided on personal experience and stabilisation methods available to the veterinarian such as external fixation or internal fixation. Both surgical techniques have been reported in skeletally mature and immature dogs with diaphyseal tibial fractures, but not specifically in skeletally immature patients with non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures. They are both applicable methods of fixation for tibial fractures in companion animals, though there is lacking evidence for which has more favourable outcomes for non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures in skeletally immature dogs as no studies have directly compared these stabilisation techniques.

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Comunicación educativa en pospandemia
Authors: Crovi Druetta Delia 
Published: January 2024

Las prácticas actuales de la comunicación educativa se caracterizan por emplear mediaciones digitales, tanto en clases presenciales como en programas a distancia. Las constantes innovaciones tecnológicas interpelan los procesos y contenidos educomunicativos, por lo que es necesario renovar su análisis a partir de una perspectiva multidisciplinaria. El presente artículo lleva adelante una discusión documental crítica que parte del caso mexicano y busca identificar y conocer estos procesos, enfocándose en los ejes del cambio que la digitalización impone a la comunicación educativa actual. En tal sentido, la educación del presente, pospandémica, tiene características singulares: es digital, ubicua y transmediática, además de estar condicionada por una nueva dimensión espacio-temporal y la disponibilidad de un volumen ilimitado de información.
En estas circunstancias, crear y evaluar conocimientos legitimados y verosímiles presenta una serie de desafíos que abarca las dinámicas tanto comunicativas como pedagógicas, las brechas de habilidades y la conectividad tecnológicas, como así también la revisión de las políticas públicas sobre la problemática. Sólo a partir de la identificación de estos retos y un abordaje analitico que escuche la voz de los protagonistas educativos (maestros, estudiantes e instituciones) será posible alimentar políticas que actúen en consecuencia, así como proponer novedosas estrategias metodológicas para la enseñanza, la investigación y la difusión del conocimiento científico.
An Exploratory Bio-Informatic Investigation of Cats’ Susceptibility to Coronavirus-Deriving Epitopes
Authors: Buonocore Michela , De Biase Davide , Sorrentino Domenico , Giordano Antonio , Paciello Orlando , D’Ursi Anna Maria 
Published: January 2024

Coronaviruses are highly transmissible and pathogenic viruses for humans and animals. The vast quantity of information collected about SARS-CoV-2 during the pandemic helped to unveil details on the mechanisms behind the infection, which are still largely elusive. Recent research demonstrated that different class I/II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles might define an individual susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 spreading, contributing to the differences in the distribution of the infection through different populations; additional studies suggested that the homolog of the HLA in cats, the Feline Leukocyte Antigen (FLA), plays a pivotal role in the transmission of viruses. With these premises, this study aimed to exploit a bioinformatic approach for the prediction of the transmissibility potential of two distinct Feline Coronaviruses (FCoVs) in domestic cats (Feline enteric Coronavirus, FeCV and Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus, FIPV) using SARS-CoV-2 as the reference model.
We performed an epitope mapping of nonapeptides deriving from SARS-CoV-2, FeCV and FIPV glycoproteins and predicted their affinities for different alleles included in the three main loci in class I FLAs (E, H and K). The predicted complexes with the most promising affinities were then subjected to molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to provide insights into the stability and binding energies in the cleft. Results showed the FLA proteins encoded by alleles in FLA-I H (H*00501 and H*00401) and E (E*01001 and E*07001) loci are largely responsive to several epitopes deriving from replicase and spike proteins of the analyzed coronaviruses. The analysis of the most affine epitope sequences resulting from the prediction can stimulate the development of anti-FCoV immunomodulatory strategies based on peptide drugs.
Integrated Asset Modelling and Field Development of a Gas Condensate Field
Authors: Farooq U. , Ashraf Z. , Yousaf H. , Ahmad S. , Saqib C. M. , Ali M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Optimized production from gas reservoirs comes with many challenges, especially in a case where there are several fields present around the main target reservoir, sharing common surface facilities. This study is aimed at integrated asset modelling of a gas field with over 1 Tscf of gas initially in place. The objective is to couple a layered reservoir, wells with comingled production and surface facilities, and to recognize the full potential as well as bottlenecks for creating a development plan for prolonging the field life.
The field consists of a main central reservoir, which is surrounded by compartmentalized satellite regions with production potential. The study begins with geophysical interpretation, followed by petrophysical and static modelling. The static model is used to initialize the dynamic model and a simulated realization of the main central reservoir is created. The satellite fields are modelled using material balance modelling. The reservoirs are then coupled together with the surface facilities network using the vertical lift profiles of all wells. Forecasts are run along with economic modelling to propose an optimized development scheme considering workovers, infill wells as well as surface compression. The main challenge is to create an optimized history matched integrated network model incorporating all available data, compared to a standalone simulation model with no consideration of surface constraints. Another challenge is to create coupled subsurface realization using both simulation model for central reservoir and tank models of more than 10 satellite compartments.
The goal of the study is meeting the sales requirements for as long as possible and maximizing the return on investment. Based on the integrated model, workovers and infill wells have been proposed that increase the plateau production period. Wells with underestimated flow potential are realized and choke optimization has been proposed for prolonging the plateau before bringing surface compression online. The water production constraints of the fields have been incorporated and realized in the modelling process. The surface compression has been proposed in three stages over the life cycle of the field, along with the timeline and location of compressors, to produce the fields until wellhead pressures approach atmospheric.
The unique aspect of this study is the ability to model complex multilayered reservoirs systems with multiple compartments and combine them with the well and surface models to create a comprehensive and robust tool for reservoir management and decision making. A tool that can be updated down the road with minimum effort, to keep up with the field behavior. Such integrated asset models serve as testing grounds to see expected outcomes and gain a level of confidence before any development strategy can be applied.
Improvement in Drilling Efficiency by Using Mechanical Thruster in BHA and Long Gauge Bit - A Case Study
Authors: Moiz Humaid , Sarfaraz Zaman , Khan Shahjahan , Sabir Usama Bin , Ali Abid , Shahid Azeem , Hussain Saadat , Asim Muhammad , Uddin Waqas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Drilling interbedded formations which contains stingers of siltstone and sand can be a tough challenge. This paper provides an insight into the combination of Long Gauge PDC bits and Mechanical Thruster in the BHA which can address the drilling efficiency in interbedded lithologies mentioned above. Aggressive bits can provide better drill-ability in interbedded lithologies but carries a high risk of cutter damage and the Mechanical Thruster reduces the high to severe vibration levels that are generated while using aggressive bits and keeps the bit engaged at bottom. The standard Matrix body PDC bit is used to drill formations with interbedded lithologies consisting of stingers of siltstone and sandstone in massive clay formation. Historically, whenever an aggressive PDC bit design is used, high stick and slip and vibrations have been limiting factors in increasing weight on bit (WOB) and, consequently, the rate of penetration (ROP).
On a recent Well, the vibrations severely limited the ROP by up to 35% and the team realized that a more aggressive bit design is needed to improve ROP. To mitigate the projected high vibrations, a longer gauge PDC bit with a metal body and a 19mm cutter was utilized which has better stability and reduced tendency for vibrations. Secondly, a Mechanical Thruster was introduced into the bottom hole assembly (BHA) which balances out the pressure drop below tool with the WOB and hence de-couple the drill string below the tool from the rest of the BHA.
This balance of hydraulic force with the WOB, smooths out the downhole WOB variation, minimizing bit induced vibration and improving the on-bottom ROP. In the 12-1/4″ section, ROP dropped at 3000m as the siltstone percentage increased. WOB was increased to 60+klbs with limited success. The matrix body 6-bladed bits were pulled green and hence it was decided to run 5-bladed 19mm steel body bits with 6″ undercut gauge. To minimize the vibrations and stick-slip with 5-bladed 19mm bit, Mechanical Thruster was run in the BHA for the first time. During all the three subsequent runs with Mechanical Thruster and long gauge bit, operator was able to increase ROP by 35+%, reduce vibration to a similar level as that of earlier bit while using aggressive bits. The Mechanical Thruster provided consistent WOB, with aggressive parameters while building confidence in the usage of steel body bit design in silty claystone formations.
Human research subjects and current practice of research ethics committees in Czech academic environment: national regulation is urgently needed
Authors: Veselska Renata , Sirucek Jan , Kure Josef 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: The primary objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive questionnaire survey on the practices of research ethics committees that review academic research projects, specifically related to the Additional Protocol on Biomedical Research CETS No. 195, which was ratified and implemented in 2020. The study aims to provide an unbiased and objective assessment of the current practices employed by the research ethics committees. This research is unique and has never been conducted in Czechia.
Methods: To assess the situation, we developed an online questionnaire containing 18 questions concerning several aspects of the functioning of research ethics committees. The questionnaire was in Czech language and was administered through the Qualtrics platform anonymously. The target group of 61 RECs at research institutions was approached by emails and we received 43 completely filled questionnaires, i.e., response rate of 67%.
Results: We obtained valuable data on the functioning of research ethics committees in Czechia in three main domains: the mandate and composition of the committee; the scope of its agenda; the process of evaluation including the voting procedure. From the results is evident that even more than twenty years after the ratification of the Oviedo Convention ETS No. 164 and three years after the ratification of its Additional Protocol on Biomedical Research CETS No. 195, the responsible assessment of the ethics of research involving human subjects is still not satisfactorily addressed and established for routine practice in Czechia.
Conclusions: The outcomes of our study revealed that the main problem of research ethics in Czechia is the lack of national legislation on research ethics governance. To address this problem, the country requires a legislation framework accompanied by supportive measures aimed at guiding and assisting research ethics committees in the Czech academic environment.