bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocognitive Manifestation After Treatment Of Pediatric Severe Anaphylaxis
Authors: Nti Benjamin , Allen Sheryl 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Anaphylaxis is a common yet severe yet life-threatening allergic reaction that occurs rapidly after exposure to an allergen which can affect multiple system in the body. In rare cases, it may lead to additional neurological manifestation that is poorly understood.
Case Presentation:
We present a case of a 14-year-old boy who experienced severe anaphylaxis necessitating airway intervention and admission to critical care. While his initial presentation and treatment aligned with current standards, he subsequently developed prolonged neurological deficits, including weakness, prosopagnosia, amnesia, and loss of basic functions, during an extended recovery period.
Conclusion
This rare neurological manifestation following anaphylaxis may be overlooked by many clinicians. Therefore, it is imperative to highlight this potential complication to improve the management of patients experiencing anaphylaxis.
Slip Distribution of the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake (MJMA 7.6) Estimated from Tsunami Waveforms and GNSS Data
Authors: Fujii Yushiro , Satake Kenji 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The 1 January 2024 Noto-Hanto (Noto Peninsula) earthquake (MJMA 7.6) generated strong ground motion, large crustal deformation and tsunamis that caused significant damage in the region. Off Noto Peninsula, offshore submarine active faults have been identified by previous projects: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) and Japan Sea Earthquake and Tsunami Research Project (JSPJ). We inverted the tsunami waveforms recorded on 6 wave gauges and 12 tide gauges around Sea of Japan and the GNSS data recorded at 13 stations in Noto Peninsula to estimate the slip amount and seismic moment on each of active faults. The results show that 2024 coseismic slips were 4 m, 3 m, and 3 m on subfautls NT 4, NT5 and NT6 of the JSPJ model, located on the northern coast of Noto Peninsula and dipping toward southeast. A smaller slip, 1.5 m, estimated on NT 8 on the northwestern edge, may be because of its previous rupture during the 2007 Noto earthquake. The total length of these four faults is ~ 100 km, and the seismic moment is 1.86 × 1020 Nm (Mw = 7.4). No slip was estimated on the northeastern subfaults NT2 and NT3, which dip northwestward, opposite to NT4-NT5-NT6, and western subfault NT8. Aftershocks including the MJMA 6.1 event occurred on the NT2-NT3 region, hence these two faults may have a potential to produce larger earthquake and associated tsunamis. Similar features are also found for the MLIT model; the 2024 slip was only on F43 along the northern coast of Noto Peninsula, and northeastern F42 did not rupture, leaving the future potential.
Surgery with peripheral nerve block of the lower extremities under dexmedetomidine sedation for diabetic foot ulcers and chronic limb-threatening ischemia: a single-center questionnaire study and a retrospective observational study
Authors: Nakamura Hideharu , Makiguchi Takaya , Sakurai Kei , Tsunoda Aya , Tomaru Nana , Shirabe Ken , Yokoo Satoshi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients who require surgical treatment for diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) or chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) are often in poor general condition and have complications. General anesthesia may be risky in surgery for such patients. Thus, we perform surgery using peripheral nerve block under dexmedetomidine sedation for patients with DFU and CLTI.
Methods
In this study, we investigated intraoperative stress and anxiety in a postoperative questionnaire and examined the safety of this procedure in 18 cases in which dexmedetomidine was used during peripheral nerve block. Sedation levels were assessed using the observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) score on a 5-point scale from 5 (awake) to 1 (deeply sedated). Postoperatively, a questionnaire was administered to assess intraoperative stress and memory. Intraoperative stress was assessed using a 6-point face scale (0 to 6: not at all to unbearably high), and intraoperative memory was rated on a 5-point numeric scale (1 to 5: no memory to everything).
Results
The intraoperative OAA/S score was 3–5, indicating that appropriate sedation was obtained. The mean intraoperative stress score was 0.72 (range: 0–3) and the mean intraoperative memory score was 2.44 (range: 1–4). One patient had bradycardia and nine had hypoxemia. All of these cases were improved by decreasing the dose of dexmedetomidine and encouraging deep breathing on call.
Conclusions
These results suggest that this procedure is a useful method to reduce patient burden and alleviate stress and anxiety during surgery. However, dexmedetomidine may cause hypoxemia in patients with DFU or CLTI; thus, attention should be paid to hypoxemia and countermeasures should be taken against this adverse effect.
Cytological structures and physiological and biochemical characteristics of covered (Avena sativa L.) and naked (Avena nuda L.) oat seeds during high- temperature artificial aging
Authors: Yao Ruirui , Liu Huan , Wang Jinglong , Shi Shangli , Zhao Guiqin , Zhou Xiangrui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Seed aging, a natural and inevitable process occurring during storage. Oats, an annual herb belonging to the Gramineae family and pooideae. In addition to being a healthy food, oats serve as ecological pastures, combating soil salinization and desertification. They also play a role in promoting grassland agriculture and supplementing winter livestock feed. However, the high lipid and fat derivatives contents of oat seeds make them susceptible to deterioration, as fat derivatives are prone to rancidity, affecting oat seed production, storage, development, and germplasm resource utilization. Comparative studies on the effects of aging on physiology and cytological structure in covered and naked oat seeds are limited. Thus, our study aimed to determine the mechanism underlying seed deterioration in artificially aged ‘LongYan No. 3’ (A. sativa) and ‘BaiYan No. 2’ (A. nuda) seeds, providing a basis for the physiological evaluation of oat seed aging and serving as a reference for scientifically safe storage and efficient utilization of oats.
Results
In both oat varieties, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in seeds showed increasing and decreasing trends, respectively. Variance analysis revealed significant differences and interaction in all measured indicators of oat seeds between the two varieties at different aging times. ‘LongYan No. 3’ seeds, aged for 24–96 h, exhibited a germination rate of < 30%, Conductivity, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, and soluble protein levels increased more significantly than the ‘BaiYan No. 2’. With prolonged aging leading to cell membrane degradation, reactive oxygen species accumulation, disrupted antioxidant enzyme system, evident embryo cell swelling, and disordered cell arrangement, blocking the nutrient supply route. Simultaneously, severely concentrated chromatin in the nucleus, damaged mitochondrial structure, and impaired energy metabolism were noted, resulting in the loss of ‘LongYan No. 3’ seed vitality and value. Conversely, ‘BaiYan No. 2’ seeds showed a germination rate of 73.33% after 96 h of aging, consistently higher antioxidant enzyme activity during aging, normal embryonic cell shape, and existence of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Conclusions
Therefore, ‘LongYan No. 3’ seeds were more severely damaged under artificial aging than ‘BaiYan No. 2’ seeds, highlighting their heightened susceptibility to aging effects.
Pyrolysis Properties of Cellulose and Lignins isolated from Different Turkish Biomass: Evolved gas analysis in pyrolysis of biomass and combustion of char via TG-FTIR
Authors: Ballice Levent 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Biomass is encouraged as a renewable energy source due to the energy crisis and the increase of greenhouse gases in the environment. Basic energy conversion methods, such as gasification and combustion, start with the devolatilization of organic molecules. In this study, the behavior of agricultural biomass from Turkey that contained various cellulose and lignin fractions was studied during slow pyrolysis and combustion. The pyrolysis of lignin produced the largest gas production, with CO2 constituting up the bulk of the gas mixture. CO is the second-highest-yield gas and is primarily formed from samples of cellulose and lignin. For lignin samples, the pyrolysis operation yielded the maximum amount of char, while the combustion of the lignin chars produced the highest amount of gas yields. On the other hand, lignin samples, particularly almond lignin, have the lowest tar production. One of the most significant issues with gasification is tar production and removal, and biomass rich in lignin would be the best material to use when tar formation must be kept to a minimum.
Some Notes on the Consequences of Pretreatment of Multivariate Data
Authors: Hadi Ali S. , Moustafa Rida 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Before performing certain statistical or machine learning techniques(e.g., regression analysis, clustering, classification, neural networks, principal components analysis, factor analysis, support vector machine, $k$-nearest neighbors, etc.), it may benecessary to preprocess and/or pretreat the data to make them suitable for theanalysis. For example, given an n × p data matrix X, which represents n multivariate observations or cases (rows) on p variables or features (columns), thecolumns and/or the rows of X may be pretreated (e.g., centered and/or scaled)before applying statistical or machine learning techniques to the data. Although centering and/or scaling the variablesdo not change the correlation structure nor the graphical representation of the data, centering and/or scaling the observations do. Inthis paper we investigate various row pretreatment methods more closely and show with theoretical proofsand numerical examples (of constructed as well as real-life data) that centering and/or scaling the rows of X changes both thegraphical structure of the observations in the multi-dimensionalspace and the correlation structure among the variables. The pretreatment of the columns and/or rows may have an impact on the output of the statistical or machine learning techniques. There may be good reasons for performing row centering and/orscaling on the data and we are not against it, but analysts who use such row operations should be aware of thegeometrical and correlation structures one has performed on the data and should alsodemonstrate that the process results in a new, more appropriate structure for their questions.
Construction of a Euclidean metric based equidistant grid on an arbitrary curve
Authors: Ceely William J , Chugunova Marina , Sawhney Raj , Volkmer Hans 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

We consider a geometrical problem of existence of an equidistant set of $N$ points, under the Euclidean metric, on non-closed and closed curves. For the non-closed curve we give a new version of the geometrical proof of the existence based on the continuous mapping argument. For a closed curve we construct a counterexample if the number of points $N$ is arbitrarily chosen and we give a proof of existence of the set if $N$ is taken sufficiently large. We develop numerical algorithms that build solutions for both types of curves.
A computational HLA allele-typing protocol to de-noise and leverage nanopore amplicon data
Authors: Siddiqui Jalal , Sinha Rohita , Grantham James , LaCombe Ronnie , Alonzo Judith R. , Cowden Scott , Kleiboeker Steven 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Rapid turnaround time for a high-resolution deceased donor human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing is critical to improve organ transplantation outcomes. Third generation DNA sequencing platforms such as Oxford Nanopore (ONT) offer the opportunity to deliver rapid results at single nucleotide level resolution, in particular sequencing data that could be denoised computationally. Here we present a computational pipeline for the high-resolution (up to third field) HLA allele typing following ONT sequencing.
Results
From a R10.4 Q20 + chemistry batch of 31 samples of known HLA allele types, up to 10,000 ONT reads were aligned using BWA aligner, to reference allele sequences from the IMGT/HLA database. For each gene, the top two hits to reference alleles at the third field were selected. Using our pipeline, we obtained the following percent concordance at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd field: A (98.4%, 98.4%, 98.4%), B (100%, 96.8%, 96.8%), C (100%, 98.4%, 98.4%), DPA1 (100%, 96.8%, 96.8), DPB1 (100%, 100%, 98.4%), DQA1 (100%, 98.4%, 98.4%), DQB1 (100%, 98.4%, 98.4%), DRB1 (83.9%, 64.5%, 64.5%), DRB3 (96%, 88%, 88%), DRB4 (100%, 100%, 100%) and DRB5 (100%, 100%, 100%). By running our pipeline on an R10.3 flow cell batch of 63 samples, the following percent concordances were obtained: : A (100%, 96.8%, 88.1%), B (100%, 90.5.4%, 88.1%), C (100%, 99.2%, 99.2%), DPA1 (100%, 100%, 99.2), DPB1 (98.4%, 97.6%, 92.9%), DQA1 (100%, 100%, 98.4%), DQB1 (100%, 97.6%, 96%), DRB1 (88.9%, 68.3%, 68.3%), DRB3 (97.3%, 94.6%, 94.6%), DRB4 (100%, 100%, 97%) and DRB5 (73.3%, 66.7%, 66.7%). In addition, our pipelines demonstrated significantly improved concordance compared to publicly available pipeline HLA-LA (> 9% difference) and concordances close to Athlon2 (< 5% difference) in commercial development.
Conclusion
Our algorithm had a > 98% concordance for non-DRB genes at 3rd field on the R10.4 Q20 + chemistry batch and > 88% concordance for non-DRB genes at 3rd field and > 90% at 2nd field on the R10.3 batch tested. In addition, it out-performs HLA-LA and approaches the performance of the Athlon2. This lays groundwork for better utilizing Nanopore sequencing data for HLA typing especially in improving organ transplant outcomes.
Innovative Approaches to Torsion Analysis in Functionally Graded iso/orthotropic sections: A Differential Quadrature and pb2-Rayleigh Rit exploration.
Authors: Rajasekaran Sundaramoorthy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study focuses on the determination of torsional rigidity and maximum shear stresses in arbitrarily shaped isotropic and orthotropic composite sections with functional grading of material. A series of numericalexamples are solved to validate this approach, with a comprehensive parametricstudy also conducted. The paper presents the practical application of the DQM and pb-2 Rayleigh-Ritz methods for evaluating shear stress and torsionalrigidity in various section shapes including quadrilaterala sn triang;es wotj nptj straogjt amd cirved edges. as well as elliptical, circular and rounded poygonal shapes. The boundaryconditions are speciried as Drichlet.
To facilitate the analysis, four - nodded (for sections with straight edges) or eight-nodded (for sections with curved edges) iso-parametric rectangular element, andthree-nodded (for sections with straight edges) or six-nodded (for sections with curved edges) for triangular elements are used to map the irregular physical domain into a square or trangular computational domain,as appropriate. A noteworthy advantage of this approach is that the governing equatin for torsion, which relies on the Prandtl stress function approach, reduces to a second-order differential equation (Poisson's equation). The transformation to this second-order equation is ficiently accomplished, resulting in reduced computational effort.
Both within the computational domain andalong its boundary, the primary unknowns are the values of Prandtl's stress functional ( for Poisson' equation) or the warping displacement function (for Laplace's equation). This approach streamlines the analysis, making it a power tool for understanding the torsional behaviour of functionally graded isotropic and orthotropic and coposite sections with complex shapes.
Effect of Graphene nanoparticles reinforcement on the mechanical properties of ZE41/Graphene nanocomposites prepared by stir casting route
Authors: Thanikodi Sathish 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the past, aluminium alloys greatly influenced the aerospace, automotive, and medical fields, particularly in biomedical applications. However, in contemporary times, magnesium alloys have emerged as highly promising materials for biomedical applications and casting processes. This study focuses primarily on magnesium metal matrix composites, utilizing ZE41 magnesium alloy as the base material. ZE41 possesses a high ductile nature, excellent mechanical strength, and impressive wear and corrosion resistance properties. In this experimental work, Nano-Graphene is employed as reinforcement particles. The investigation employs the stir casting methodology to create magnesium metal matrix nanocomposites. The responses considered in this work are compressive strength and microhardness. Both responses undergo Taguchi statistical analysis with varying process parameters. A Taguchi L16 orthogonal array is utilized to assess the optimization parameters of the stir casting process. The parameters include reinforcement percentage (3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%), stirring speed (300, 400, 500, and 600 rpm), melting temperature (700, 750, 800, and 850°C), and stirring time (15, 20, 25, and 30 mins). The mechanical properties, specifically compressive strength and microhardness, are thoroughly examined. The highest compressive strength, reaching 276.66, was achieved with 12% reinforcement, a stirring speed of 400 rpm, a melting temperature of 800°C, and a stirring time of 15 mins. Similarly, the maximum microhardness, recorded at 172 VHN, was influenced by 6% reinforcement, a stirring speed of 600 rpm, a melting temperature of 800°C, and a stirring time of 20 mins.
Total bilirubin level on postoperative day 3 in predicting clinically relevant pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy : a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Zhicheng , Qin Xiliang , Zhang Zhichao , Hu Xiaosi , Wang Yong , Pan Hongtao , Liu Huichun , Zhu Chao , Chen Shilei , Zhou Shuai , Pang Qing , Jin Hao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistulas (CR-POPF) following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is relatively high. Most studies on the prediction of CR-POPF are limited to pre-operation, while there are few indicators to predict CR-POPF in the early postoperative period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of total bilirubin (TBIL) level on postoperative day 3 in predicting CR-POPF after PD.
Methods: The clinical data of 170 patients who underwent PD in our team from January 2015 to October 2022 was retrospectively analyzed into two groups: the CR-POPF group with a grade B or C pancreatic fistula (n = 37), the no CR-POPF group with a non-pancreatic fistula, and the biochemical fistula patients (n = 133). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to screen the potential indicators for predicting CR-POPF. The predictive value of risk factors was assessed by area under the ROC curve.
Results: Preoperative variables, including hemoglobin (Hb), C-reactive protein (CRP), TBIL, albumin (ALB), pancreatic texture, hemorrhage, duct diameter, and TBIL on postoperative day 3, were identified as predictors of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) (p < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that pancreatic texture (p = 0.004), postoperative TBIL (p<0.001), and preoperative CRP (p = 0.048) were identified as independent risk variables. To predict CR-POPF, the area under the curve (AUC) of pancreatic texture, TBIL on the third day of surgery, and preoperative CRP were found to be 0.607, 0.824, and 0.726, respectively.
Conclusion: The TBIL level on postoperative day 3 is a significant predictor of CR-POPF after PD which can accurately predict CR-POPF.
Genetic Algorithm-Based Three-Pole Pulse Design for IEEE802.15.4a Standard
Authors: Dhieb Mohamed , Ketata Moez , Loussert Alain , Lahiani Mongi , Ghariani Hamadi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article presents a novel triangular-shaped pulse design for Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) radio pulses, specifically in compliance with the IEEE 802.15.4a standard and the Spectral Masks of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Utilizing a Genetic Algorithm (GA), our objective is to develop a triple pulse form that satisfies the requirements set by these standards. Theoretical analysis and simulations showcase enhanced performance in comparison to existing UWB pulses, achieving a power loss mask of 3%, off-band emission of 5% within an 8% emission band, and a remarkable spectral efficiency exceeding 75%.
Micro-parameter calibration of layered rock samples with a dual model in PFC3D based on a combined optimization method
Authors: Ding Chengyuan , Zuo Shuangying , Ye Zhiqiang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A combined optimization method termed PB-RSM-NSGA2 was proposed to investigate micro-parameter calibration of layered rock samples with a dual model in Particle Flow Code (PFC). Firstly, the numerical uniaxial compression test with the layered rock samples was conducted, in which the parallel bonding model and the smooth joint model were used to simulate the rock matrix and the interlayer cementation, respectively. The micro-parameters with significant influence on macro response were screened out by the Plackett-Burman (PB) test design. Subsequently, non-linear relationships between macro-parameters and their main controlling micro-parameters were established via the response surface method (RSM) and model verification. Thirdly, the non-linear multi-objective mathematical optimization problem was solved by the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA2), and the micro-parameters were determined. Finally, the uniaxial compression stress-strain curves were modified with a compaction coefficient and compared with the physical test results. The research results revealed that the dual model was highly suitable for simulating the mechanical properties of layered rocks. In the smooth joint model, normal stiffness, tangential stiffness, tangential strength, and bedding thickness significantly impacted layered rock samples' interlayer strength and deformation. The parallel bond model's micro elastic modulus and normal bonding strength significantly influenced the uniaxial compressive strength and peak strain. The corrected simulation curves agreed with the physical test results. The study can provide valuable insights and methods for micro-parameters calibration in PFC3D numerical simulations for layered rock mass engineering stability.