bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of hMTH in peripheral lymphocytes and risk of prostate cancer: a case‐control analysis
Authors: Liu Zhensheng , Wang Li‐E , Strom Sara S. , Spitz Margaret R. , Babaian Richard J. , DiGiovanni John , Wei Qingyi 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOxidative damage is an important factor in prostate carcinogenesis, and overexpression of human MutT homolog (hMTH), a repair gene that removes oxidative damage, is a molecular marker of cellular oxidative stress. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that overexpression of hMTH in unaffected (normal) surrogate tissue is associated with risk of prostate cancer in a pilot study of 51 patients with diagnosed prostate cancer and 50 age‐ and ethnicity‐matched controls. Total RNA was extracted from phytohemagglutinin‐stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes of these subjects. We performed the real‐time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction assay to evaluate the relative mRNA expression of three oxidative‐damage‐repair genes, human MutM homolog (hMMH), hMTH, and human MutY homolog (hMYH), with β‐actin and human O6‐methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (hMGMT) as the internal controls. The relative gene expression levels of hMMH and hMTH were borderline higher in the cases than in controls (15.3% and 28.8% higher, respectively; P = 0.046 and P = 0.035, respectively), whereas no increase was observed for hMYH and hMGMT. With the median of the controls' values as the cutoff point, we observed that a high expression level of hMTH, but not of other genes, was associated with a significantly increased risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio = 2.62; 95% confidence interval = 1.13–6.75) after adjustment for age and ethnicity. These results suggested that increased expression of hMTH in peripheral lymphocytes may be a risk factor for prostate cancer and support our priori hypothesis. Although our findings were biologically plausible and consistent with the literature, they were preliminary and need to be confirmed in larger studies. In addition, a correlation between the expression level of hMTH and the level of oxidative DNA damage in the target tissues needs to be established as well. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurodegenerative disease and the evolution of art: The effects of presumed corticobasal degeneration in a professional artist
Authors: Kleiner‐Fisman Galit , Black Sandra E. , Lang Anthony E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractProduction of art is a complex process involving a combination of technical skill and a unique talent. Changes in artistic ability may accompany neurodegenerative disorders when they occur in an artist. The nature of these changes in the context of definable regional neuropathological disturbances may provide insight into the structural basis of the creative process. We describe a professional artist in whom presumed corticobasal degeneration (CBD) was associated with an alteration of his artistic judgement and production. Disinhibition, perseveration, and left hemispatial neglect, features of his cognitive profile were readily discernible in his work. The differences in his style are examined with respect to his main neuroanatomic abnormalities, namely right cerebral hemiatrophy as defined by magnetic resonance and single‐photon emission computed tomography imaging. Cognitive deficits, including visuoconstructive and motor neglect, apathy, perseveration, and disinhibition as determined by neuropsychological testing, contributed to the dissolution of his artistic skills. Our case study adds to the growing literature on the effects of brain damage on artistic expression in the graphic arts.
Comparison of functional results of nerve graft, vein graft, and vein filled with muscle graft in end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy
Authors: Ülkür Ersin , Yüksel Fuat , Açikel Cengiz , Okar İmer , Çeli̇köz Bahattin 
Published: March 2003

AbstractEnd‐to‐side neurorrhaphy is an alternative method in the situation where the proximal part of the nerve cannot be found. When the intact nerve is not close enough to perform end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy, it will be necessary to use a graft for transporting the regenerating axons. In this study, we tried to find out whether it is possible to use a graft in an end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy, and compared the nerve graft with possible alternative grafts, i.e., vein and muscle‐filled vein grafts. Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were used, with an average weight of 293 g (range, 250–350 g). All experiments were done on the right side. A 2‐cm nerve graft, beginning 1 cm distal to the branching level, was sectioned from the peroneal nerve. A 1‐mm epineural window was opened in the tibial nerve. In the first group, the proximal side of this graft was sutured to the tibial nerve side in an end‐to‐side fashion, and the distal side was sutured to the distal peroneal nerve stump in an end‐to‐end fashion. In the second group, the right 2‐cm jugular vein was harvested, and was used to bridge the defect instead of the nerve graft used in the first group. In the third group, a 2‐cm jugular vein filled with fresh skeletal muscle was used to bridge the defect. At 2, 4, 8, 12, 20, and 28 weeks, functional assessment of nerve regeneration was performed, using walking‐track analysis. The numbers of myelinated fibers and fiber diameters were measured, and an electron microscopic evaluation was carried out. Based on walking‐track analysis and fiber diameters, the differences of all three groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). While the differences of myelinated fibers between the first and second groups were not significant, the differences between the rest (group 1‐group 3 and group 2‐group 3) were significant (P < 0.05). Our study showed that, in end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy, the use of a nerve graft is possible, and a vein graft is also a good alternative, but a muscle‐filled vein graft is not. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:40–48 2003
Transoral reconstruction of the mobile tongue, using radial forearm free flap
Authors: Shpitzer Thomas , Guttman Dan , Gur Eyal , Feinmesser Raphael , Ad‐El Dean 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTongue resection has significant influence on the patient's quality of life, because it interferes with masticatory and speech functions and affects facial aesthetics. To avoid the disadvantages of the traditional lip‐splitting used to approach partial tongue reconstruction for resection (40% of the tongue or more), we recommend a completely transoral approach, with the radial forearm free flap as a donor flap. Between 1999–2001, the suggested technique was applied in 11 patients with squamous‐cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue. A follow‐up of 6–30 months showed good to excellent oral function, with preservation of tongue volume, motion, and facial aesthetics. This approach seems to be preferable over the lip‐split aproach for the reconstruction of mobile tongue defects. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:18–20 2003
Follow‐up study of upper limb lymphedema patients treated by microsurgical lymphaticovenous implantation (MLVI) combined with compression therapy
Authors: Yamamoto Yuhei , Horiuchi Katsumi , Sasaki Satoru , Sekido Mitsuru , Furukawa Hiroshi , Oyama Akihiko , Yajima Kazuyoshi , Sugihara Tsuneki 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe present a follow‐up study of 18 patients with upper limb lymphedema treated by microsurgical lymphaticovenous implantation (MLVI) combined with compression therapy. This combined technique provides increased lymphatic flow through newly created lymphaticovenous bypasses by the MLVI surgery, with assistance for pumping function in the lymphatics by compression therapy. Preoperative assessment of the affected limb was performed by the average enlargement of edema circumference (AEEC), comparing the lymphedema limb and normal limb circumferences. Objective improvement was analyzed by the percent reduction of edema circumference (%REC) at two levels of the lymphedema limb. With an average follow‐up of 24 months, 77.8% of patients presented excellent or good results, with %REC >50% at either the distal or proximal site of the treated limb. This combined treatment can be expected to provide favorable long‐term results, even for patients with AEEC >8 cm. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:21–26 2003
Effect of subepineurial dehydroepiandrosterone treatment on healing of transected nerves repaired with the epineurial sleeve technique
Authors: Ayhan Sühan , Markal Nilgün , Siemionow Krzysztof , Araneo Barbara , Siemionow Maria 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe epineurial sleeve technique for nerve repair is designed in part to protect a healing nerve from external humoral influences, but research suggests that the external factor dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) may actually improve nerve healing in crush injuries. To test the effect of DHEA, we injected it into the epineurial chambers created to repair transected rat sciatic nerves. In 18 control rats, the nerve was transected and repaired without DHEA treatment. Eighteen animals received subepineurial injections of propylene glycol vehicle, and 18 received subepineurial injections of about 0.2 ml DHEA. Walking‐track analysis and toe‐contracture measurements showed no significant differences among the three groups. At 12 weeks, the gastrocnemius muscles in the DHEA group were significantly heavier than those of untreated controls. At 6 and 12 weeks, DHEA‐treated nerves had significantly more myelinated axons, larger average fiber diameter, and greater axonal cross‐sectional areas in the proximal, middle, and distal sections. Myelin thickness did not differ between groups, except at 6 weeks between the DHEA and vehicle‐treated groups. We conclude that subepineurial dehydroepiandrosterone treatment reduced the extent of denervation atrophy and induced an earlier onset of axonal regeneration. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:49–55 2003
Microsurgical treatment of Mooren's corneal ulcer
Authors: Xie Hanping , Chen Jiaqi , Wang Zhen , Yang Bing , Gong Xiangming , Feng Chunmao , Chen Longshan , Lin Yuesheng 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of microsurgery of lamellar keratoplasty (LKP) on Mooren's corneal ulcer. The surgical effect, postoperative astigmatism, postoperative vision, postoperative ulcer recurrence, and surgical complications of 2 groups of consecutive Mooren's ulcer inpatients treated respectively by non‐microsurgery of LKP and microsurgery of LKP were analyzed. There were significant differences of the effect, postoperative astigmatism, postoperative vision, postoperative ulcer recurrence, and surgical complications between the 2 groups. The effect and postoperative vision of the microsurgery‐treated group were better than those of the non‐microsurgery‐treated group. The postoperative astigmatism, postoperative ulcer recurrence, and surgical complications of the microsurgery‐treated group were less than those of the non‐microsurgery‐treated group. Microsurgery of LKP of Mooren's corneal ulcer can greatly improve the cure rate of the disease and postoperative vision, and reduce surgical complication and postoperative ulcer recurrence. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:27–31 2003
Effect of torsion on microarterial anastomosis patency
Authors: Topalan Murat , Bilgin S. Sinan , Ip W.Y. , Chow S.P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAll kinds of technical faults must be prevented in microvascular anastomosis for successful reconstructive microsurgery. Torsion at the anastomosis site is one of the most basic technical errors. In this study, we investigate the effect of different degrees of microarterial torsion on patency and its physical changes on anastomosis in a rat model. A total of 144 microanastomosis were performed in 72 Sprague‐Dawley rats. They were divided into 9 groups. The anastomosis was performed at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315°, and 360° of torsion randomly. Patency rates and the narrowest point of the artery after the anastomosis were recorded after 1 hour for each group. In the second stage of the study, the 9 groups were divided into 2 groups for patency rates and histopathological sampling at the second and seventh days postoperatively. The femoral arteries in all groups were all patent at the end of 1 hour. Only 5 microanastomosis were thrombosed (one in the 45° group, one in the 225° group, one in the 270° group, and two in the 315° group) at the second day of exploration. Only two arteries were thrombosed (one in the 45° group and one in the 315° group) at the seventh day of exploration. The patency rate was 96.8% in experimental groups excluding the control group. Different degrees of torsion had no statistically significant effect on the patency rates of microvascular anastomosis. Torsional repair of the femoral artery in the rat has no significant histopathologic changes, but alternately, endothelial integrity was affected by excessive degrees of torsion. Different degrees of torsion at the anastomosis site do not affect patency rates and cross sectional histology of rat femoral arteries. In clinical practice, minor torsion can be tolerated, however, factors affecting patency such as tension, diameter disproportion, and tight closure can affect the final result of anastomosis. We observed that torsional force of the vessel is distributed along the artery to the weakest point. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:56–59 2003
Applying the method of lines and discrete mode‐matching method to non‐planar structures
Authors: Mesa Francisco , Marqués Ricardo , Medina Francisco 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe method of lines (MoL) and discrete mode‐matching (DMM) method were originally applied to problems with separable boundaries and lateral homogeneity (for instance, layered planar structures). Since then, these methods have been directly applied to structures with non‐separable boundaries and/or lateral inhomogeneity. Although these extensions can be justified in certain approximate cases, there has not been sufficient discussion on its mathematical foundation. This paper discusses the above extensions and shows that the direct application of these methods to general problems may lead to inaccurate and even incongruous results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 79–83, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10830
Higher‐order hierarchical basis functions with improved orthogonality properties for moment‐method modeling of metallic and dielectric microwave structures
Authors: Djordjević Miroslav , Notaroš Branislav M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThree classes of higher‐order hierarchical basis functions, constructed from standard orthogonal polynomials, are proposed and evaluated for the modeling of combined metallic and dielectric microwave structures. The reduction of the condition number of moment‐method matrices is several orders of magnitude, as compared to the technique using regular polynomial basis functions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 83–88, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10831
Circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a rectangular ground plane
Authors: Su Che‐Wei , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn experimental study of the nearly square circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a rectangular ground plane is presented. Results indicate that circular polarization characteristics of the nearly square microstrip antenna are greatly affected by the different side lengths of the rectangular ground plane. To compensate for this effect, the aspect ratio of the nearly square radiating patch should be increased when the aspect ratio of the ground plane increases. Details of the experimental results are presented. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 93–95, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10833
Mode control in microstrip patch antennas using ground‐plane perforations
Authors: Fallah‐Rad M. , Shafai L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn this paper, the effects of ground‐plane perforations on the mode excitation of microstrip patch antennas are investigated. The perforations used consist of a single hole, multiple holes, and slots etched in the ground plane of patch antennas. We show that in narrowband patch antennas, ground‐plane perforations create a shift in the resonant frequency of certain modes, and that in wideband antennas they increase the −10‐dB bandwidth. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 103–107, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10837
Calculation of the absorption efficiency of double‐clad fiber by using the modal analysis method
Authors: Wang Zi Hua , Zhang Hui 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn this paper, we present a new method, based on the theory of mode analysis, to calculate the absorption efficiency of symmetric or offset double‐clad optical fibers. Both symmetric and offset conditions have been analyzed. In principle, our results are consistent with, but more accurate than, those of previous ray‐optics methods. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 111–113, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10839
Single‐photon detectors for quantum key distribution in 1550 nm: Simulations and experimental results
Authors: Ramos Rubens Viana , Pereira Thé George André 
Published: March 2003

AbstractQuantum key distribution is a new technique that permits secure distribution of a bit string, used as a key in cryptographic protocols. The present quantum‐cryptographic protocols use a single photon to carry information; hence, for the construction of an optical setup able to support quantum‐cryptographic protocols, it is necessary to use single‐photon detectors. In this paper, numerical simulations and experimental results of single‐photon detectors in 1550 nm, using avalanche photodiode, are shown. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 136–139, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10847
1H and 13C NMR structure determination of a new stereoisomer of isoreserpiline pseudoindoxyl from Rauvolfia grandiflora
Authors: Cancelieri N. M. , Curcino Vieira I. J. , Mathias L. , Braz‐Filho R. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn NMR study of a new stereoisomer of isoreserpiline pseudoindoxyl alkaloid is described. The complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of the compound were carried out using COSY, HMQC and HMBC. Stereochemistry at carbons C‐2, C‐3, C‐15, C‐20 and C‐19 was established using values of 1H chemical shifts, coupling constants and NOESY experiments. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and complete NMR characterization of 4‐alkyl‐2‐(6‐substituted‐1,3‐benzoxazol‐2‐yl)benzenols
Authors: Sridharan V. , Muthusubramanian S. , Sivasubramanian S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis paper describes the complete assignment of all carbons and hydrogens of several newly synthesized 6‐substituted 2‐(2‐hydroxyaryl)benzoxazoles from 2,2′‐dihydroxydiaryl Schiff bases by the use of two‐dimensional NMR techniques. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substituent effects on 13C chemical shifts of ketenimines: a GIAO/HF and DFT study
Authors: Tahmassebi Daryoush 
Published: March 2003

AbstractGIAO/HF and DFT methods were utilized to predict the 13C chemical shifts of substituted ketenimines. GIAO HF/6–311+G(2d,p) and B3LYP/6–311+G(2d,p) methods were applied on the optimized B3LYP/6–31G(d) geometries and 13C chemical shifts of Cα and Cβ of substituted ketenimines were correlated with group electronegativities. HF and DFT calculations indicated that increasing substituent group electronegativity leads to increasing chemical shift of Cβ of substituted ketenimines, whereas the Cα values decrease. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1H and 13C NMR signal assignments of carboxyl‐linked glucosides of bile acids
Authors: Iida Takashi , Kakiyama Genta , Shimada Akari , Mushiake Kumiko , Mano Nariyasu , Goto Junichi , Nambara Toshio 
Published: March 2003

AbstractComplete 1H and 13C resonance assignments were carried out for a new type of carboxyl‐linked glucosides of chenodeoxycholic (3α,7α‐dihydroxy‐5β‐cholan‐24‐oic) and hyodeoxycholic (3α,6α‐dihydroxy‐5β‐cholan‐24‐oic) acids by using several homonuclear (1H–1H) and heteronuclear (1H–13C) 2D NMR techniques. Differences in the 1H and 13C resonances between the α‐ and β‐anomers of the ester glucosides of bile acids were clarified for the first time. A comparison of the 1H and 13C signal shifts induced by β‐D‐glucosidation at the 24‐carboxyl and 3α‐hydroxyl groups in the parent 5β‐cholanoic acid was also made. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physiology of conduction block in multifocal motor neuropathy and other demyelinating neuropathies
Authors: Kaji Ryuji 
Published: March 2003

AbstractConduction block is an important functional consequence of demyelination whereby nervous transmission is abolished. Its mechanism has been discussed with respect to the loss of insulation due to disruption of myelin. Recent development of threshold tracking techniques, which enabled noninvasive assessment of axonal membrane potentials and ion channels, has provided evidence that axonal excitability changes significantly and contributes to conduction failure. This view, based upon axo‐glial interaction, clarifies the mechanism of muscle fatigue and fasciculation associated with peripheral demyelination and possibly explains selective motor involvement in multifocal motor neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 27: 285–296, 2003
Optimal distance for segmental nerve conduction studies revisited
Authors: Landau Mark E. , Diaz Myrna I. , Barner Kristen C. , Cambpell William W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn 1972, Maynard and Stolov showed that the experimental error in calculating nerve conduction velocity (NCV) depends on errors of latency and distance measurements. Their data suggested that a minimum distance of 10 cm should be used when calculating NCV because of an increase in error ≥ 25% at shorter distances. The object of this study was to reestablish the minimum distance using current technology. Twenty physicians measured the proximal and distal onset latencies of the same stored ulnar compound muscle action potentials, as well as the forearm skin distance. The mean and standard deviation of the errors in conduction time and distance were determined. A spreadsheet was constructed, determining the error in NCV for a variety of distances and NCVs. The average conduction time between proximal and distal stimulation was 3.23 ms, with a standard deviation of 0.09 ms. The mean distance measurement was 212.6 ± 2.1 mm. The errors in NCV were significantly less than previously reported. The experimental error increased as distance decreased, reaching 20% with distances less than 6 cm. The latency error accounted for 71% of the total experimental error, as opposed to 90% in the previous study. With advances in electrodiagnostic equipment, NCV can reasonably be calculated at distances less than 10 cm, perhaps as low as 5–6 cm. Muscle Nerve 27: 367–369, 2003