bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of the positive deviance approach for healthcare system service improvement: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Kassie Ayelign Mengesha , Eakin Elizabeth , Abate Biruk Beletew , Endalamaw Aklilu , Zewdie Anteneh , Wolka Eskinder , Assefa Yibeltal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionHealthcare systems are currently facing challenges in enhancing access and improving the quality of healthcare services around the world, and one of the innovative strategies that have been utilized to address such challenges is the positive deviance (PD) approach. The approach assumes that identifying, examining, understanding, and disseminating solutions to problems that are already available within the community and organizations including the healthcare system can help in bringing improvements at scale. However, to the best of the researcher’s knowledge, there is no scoping review that is conducted to map and synthesize the available evidence on the use of the PD approach for healthcare system service improvements. Hence, this scoping review aims to map and synthesize resources on the methodologies and reported outcomes and identify gaps and potentials regarding the use of the PD approach in the healthcare system.Methods and analysisArticles will be searched and retrieved in research databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. Retrieved articles will be screened independently for inclusion through a title and, or abstract review. Then, articles that passed the title and abstract review will be screened by reading the full texts. A descriptive mapping and synthesis of the literature will be employed to present data using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and data will be presented in text, figure, and table formats.Ethics and disseminationThe results of this scoping review will be published in peer-reviewed reputable international journals. Furthermore, it will also be disseminated through conference presentations, and popular press to the wider community. However, formal ethical approval is not required as primary data will not be collected.Strength and limitations❖This scoping review is going to be conducted in line with the updated PRISMA-SCR guideline.❖However, this scoping review is focused on the supply side and will only address the application of positive deviance at the health system, health facility, and health worker levels.❖Therefore, only the articles that have measured the performance and behavior of those entities either directly or indirectly in their therapeutic relationships with patients and the community will be included.
Relationships of crystallinity and reaction rates for enzymatic degradation of poly (ethylene terephthalate), PET
Authors: Schubert Sune W. , Thomsen Thore B. , Clausen Kristine S. , Malmendal Anders , Hunt Cameron J. , Borch Kim , Jensen Kenneth , Brask Jesper , Meyer Anne S. , Westh Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBiocatalytic degradation of plastic waste is anticipated to play an important role in future recycling systems. However, enzymatic degradation of crystalline poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) remains consistently poor. Herein, we employed functional assays to elucidate the molecular underpinnings of this limitation. This included utilizing complementary activity assays to monitor the degradation of PET disks with varying crystallinity (XC), as well as kinetic parameters for soluble PET fragments. The results indicate that a proficient PET-hydrolase, LCCICCG, operates through an endolytic mode of action, and that its activity is limited by conformational constraints in the PET polymer. Such constraints become more pronounced at highXCvalues, and this limits the density of productive sites on the PET surface. Endolytic chain-scissions are the dominant reaction type in the initial stage, and this means that little or no soluble organic product occurs here. However, endolytic cuts gradually and locally promote chain mobility and hence the density of attack sites on the surface. This leads to an upward concave progress curve; a behavior sometimes termed lag-phase kinetics.
Deciphering mechanisms of UV filter- and temperature-induced bleaching in the coralAcropora tenuis, using ecotoxicogenomics
Authors: Nishioka Sakiko , Miyata Kaede , Inoue Yasuaki , Aoyama Kako , Yoshioka Yuki , Miura Natsuko , Yamane Masayuki , Honda Hiroshi , Takagi Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCoral reefs are at risk of bleaching due to various environmental and anthropogenic stressors such as global warming and chemical pollutants. However, there is little understanding of stressor-specific mechanisms that cause coral bleaching. Therefore, conducting accurate ecotoxicological risk assessments and deciphering modes of action of potentially deleterious ultraviolet (UV) filters (sunscreen compounds) are crucial issues. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity and bleaching effect of benzophenone-3 (BP-3), which is widely used in sunscreen products, on the reef-building coralAcropora tenuis. Furthermore, to understand differences in UV filter- and temperature-induced bleaching, a comparative ecotoxicogenomic approach using RNA-seq was integrated into a toxicity test to clarify differences in gene expression changes induced by BP-3 and heat stress (31°C). The lethal concentration 50% (LC50) was calculated as 3.9 mg/L, indicating that emission level of BP-3 was properly controlled based on the risk assessment. Differentially expressed genes related to oxidative stress and extracellular matrix organization were involved in coral responses to both BP-3 and heat stress, but their patterns differed. Whereas immune and heat-shock responses were activated in response to heat stress, activation of a drug metabolism pathway and several signal transduction pathways were identified in BP-3 treatment groups. Our study enhances understanding of stress responses in corals induced by UV filters and thermal stress. Using potential gene markers identified in this study for eco-epidemiological surveys of stressed corals, we urgently need to develop effective countermeasures.
Application of Attention and Graph Transformer-Based Approaches for RNA Biomarker Discovery in Metabolically-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFL/NASH)
Authors: Cheruvu Aashish , Zezulinski Daniel , Sayeed Aejaz 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTThe prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the United States has reached epidemic proportions, increasing the risk of liver cirrhosis and cancer. Current methods of diagnosis for NAFLD/NASH are invasive and costly, motivating the need for genetic “RNA” biomarkers detectable in a blood sample. In this study, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques are employed to increase the interpretability of the deep learning models in detecting the potential mRNA biomarker candidates for NAFLD/NASH. Nine RNA datasets (∼1000 patients) with NAFLD/NASH were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus. After conducting a differential gene expression analysis to reduce the dimensionality of the expression data, single-head and multi-head attention models were compared to baseline machine learning models in their ability to classify patients as NAFLD/NASH/healthy. XAI methods, including L1 regularization on baseline models and analysis of the internal attention matrix of the attention models, were utilized to identify biomarker candidates based on the relative importance of genes. The attention models achieved superior performance (accuracy: 67.5%) compared to the baseline models (Negative Binomial Linear Discriminant Analysis-62.64%; Poisson Linear Discriminant Analysis with Power Transformation – 58.24%). The top 17 and top 20 XAI-identified biomarkers with the baseline machine learning algorithms and the attention-based models respectively were then evaluated in lab. Preliminary data from in-lab validation confirmed upregulation of MT-ND3, HLA-B, APOC-1, and APOL-1 in NAFLD/NASH patients. Attention models have shown promise in identifying expression-based mRNA biomarkers and accurately diagnosing patients with NAFLD/NASH.
An Exploration of the Mental Health impact among Menopausal Women: The MARIE Project Protocol (UK arm)
Authors: Delanerolle Gayathri , Forbes Anna K , Cavalini Heitor , Taylor Julie , Riach Kathleen , Hinchliff Sharron , Atkinson Carol , Potocnik Kristina , Briggs Paula , Kurmi Om , Talaulikar Vikram , Van Vlymen Jeremy , Shetty Ashish , Irfan Muhammed , Kareem Rabia , Kemp Helen , Pati Sanghamitra , Palo Subrata Kumar , Rathnayake Nirmala , Saraswat Lucky , Hock Toh Teck , Shi Jian Qing , Phiri Peter 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTIntroductionMenopause marks the end of the menstruation period which can incur naturally or due to surgery where the ovaries or the uterus is removed, or the use of other treatments like chemotherapy. Menopause elicits both physiological and psychological changes such as joint or pelvic pain, headaches or migraine, cognitive function and mental health problems such as anxiety. In order to assess the mental health impact of menopause, the physiological, psychological and sociological composites need to be evaluated. It is increasingly recognised that the associated symptoms experienced by women and trans-men are specific to menopause transition, making it challenging to diagnose and treat using conventional methods. We developed a menopause tool called MenopAuse mental hEalth (MARiE) rating tool following a co-production workshop. The MenopAuse mental hEalth (MARIE) project’s overall aim is to explore the mental health impact of menopause through several work stream packages and assess the MARiE tool. The current work package (WP 2a and 2b) that is represented within this study aim to further explore menopause symptoms and then validate and, determine the efficacy of the MARiE tool.MethodsWe will conduct a prospective mixed methods study in the United Kingdom (UK) among women and trans-men ≥18 years old that are perimenopausal, menopausal or post-menopausal. The quantitative portion will use the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Index Scale, Menopause Rating Scale, Greene Climacteric Scale, Health related quality of life, Quebec Pain Disability Scale, and Burnout Assessment Tool in addition to the MARiE tool within the scope of WP2a and WP2b, respectively. The qualitative component will use a topics guide.Research Ethics and Health Research Authority approval has been obtained with a reference of 22/EE/0159.DisseminationThe findings will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and presented at women’s health, primary care, and mental health themed conferences.
Spatial conservation planning of forest genetic resources in a Mediterranean multi-refugial area
Authors: Vajana Elia , Andrello Marco , Avanzi Camilla , Bagnoli Francesca , Vendramin Giovanni G. , Piotti Andrea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework recognised the urgency of taking action to conserve intraspecific genetic diversity (IGD) as an insurance against habitat degradation and environmental change. Recent work suggests that 90-99% of IGD should be conserved to safeguard viability of future generations.Here, we addressed such a conservation issue in three forest tree species in Italy: silver fir (Abies albaMill.), Heldreich’s pine (Pinus heldreichiiH. Christ), and pedunculate oak (Quercus roburL.). We used microsatellite markers to measure IGD of 36 (A. alba), 15 (P. heldreichii) and 25 (Q. robur) natural sites, including several putative glacial refugia. We developed a spatial conservation planning (SCP) analysis to quantify the genetic irreplaceability of each site and identify the minimum set coverage ensuring IGD protection. Finally, we compared SCP results with the contributions to allelic diversity within and between sites, total allelic diversity and private allelic richness.We found that between 44% and 73% of sites were required to conserve 90-99% of the alleles, and that this conservation effort held even when targeting lower percentages of alleles to protect (50-75%). Glacial refugia were often included in the minimum set coverage, confirming theoretical and biogeographical expectations. Finally, sites with high genetic irreplaceability were found to have higher private allelic richness on average. These results are discussed in the light of the biogeographic history of the species studied and the current policies for the conservation of forest genetic resources.
Bioplastic production by harnessing cyanobacteria-rich microbiomes for perpetual synthesis
Authors: Altamira-Algarra Beatriz , Lage Artai , Meléndez Ana Lucía , Arnau Marc , Gonzalez-Flo Eva , García Joan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDeparting from the conventional axenic and heterotrophic cultures, our research ventures into unexplored territory by investigating the potential of photosynthetic microbiomes for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) synthesis, a biodegradable polyester that presents a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics. Our investigation focused on a cyanobacteria-enriched microbiome, dominated bySynechocystissp. andSynechococcussp., cultivated in a 3 L photobioreactor under non-sterile conditions, achieving significant PHB production—up to 28% dry cell weight (dcw) over a span of 108 days through alternating cycles of growth and accumulation. Nile Blue staining and Transmission Electron Microscope visualization allowed to successfully confirm the presence of PHB granules within cyanobacteria cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of PHA synthase during the accumulation phase directly correlated with the increased PHB production. Also, gene expression changes revealed glycogen as the primary storage compound, but under prolonged macronutrient stress, there was a shift of the carbon flux towards favoring PHB synthesis. Finally, analysis through proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance further validated the extracted polymer as PHB. Overall, it was demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of using phototrophic microbiomes to continuous production of PHB in a non-sterile system. This study also offers valuable insights into the metabolic pathways involved.
When Night Becomes Day: Artificial Light at Night Alters Insect Behavior under Semi-Natural Conditions
Authors: Levy Keren , Wegrzyn Yoav , Moaraf Stan , Barnea Anat , Ayali Amir 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTLight is the most importantZeitgeberfor temporal synchronization in nature. Artificial light at night (ALAN) disrupts the natural light-dark rhythmicity and thus negatively affects animal behavior. However, to date, ALAN research has been mostly conducted under laboratory conditions in this context. Here, we used the field cricket,Gryllus bimaculatus, to investigate the effect of ALAN on insect behavior under semi-natural conditions, i.e., under shaded natural lighting conditions, natural temperature and soundscape. Male crickets were placed individually in outdoor enclosures and exposed to ALAN conditions ranging from <0.01 to 1,500 lx intensity. The crickets’ stridulation behavior was recorded for 14 consecutive days and nights and their daily activity patterns were analysed. ALAN impaired the crickets’ stridulation rhythm, evoking a change in the crickets’ naturally synchronized daily activity period. This was manifested by a light-intensity-dependent increase in the proportion of insects demonstrating an intrinsic circadian rhythm (free-run behavior). This also resulted in a change in the population’s median activity cycle period. These ALAN-induced effects occurred despite the crickets’ exposure to almost natural conditions. Our findings provide further validity to our previous studies on ALAN conducted under lab conditions and establish the deleterious impacts of ALAN on animal behavioral patterns.HighlightsALAN presents a threat for insect populations and biodiversityThe impact of ALAN on insect behavior is mostly studied under laboratory conditionsWe studied the effects of ALAN on cricket stridulation in semi-natural conditionsALAN clearly affected the crickets’ behavior in a light-intensity dependent mannerThe behavioral effects of ALAN were revealed despite the semi-natural environmentALAN represents a threat for cricket populations’ fitness
How a high-modernism project in South Korea failed: Sewoon Sangga (1966–1972), the first experimental modern planning
Authors: Choi Ho Soon 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis study defines and critically analyzes Korean high modernism using the Sewoon Sangga project as a case study, as it has significant value in Korea's urban and architectural history.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology applied for this study was a theory-interpretive analysis. This study examines the modernization process of Seoul based on the concept of “high modernism,” in that the theory-interpretive analysis method analyzes historical phenomena centered on a specific concept.FindingsAs a form of national belief, the various ideas that give birth to modern cities are defined as “high modernism.” As a Korean megastructure, the Sewoon Sangga project is significant in the history of Korean urbanism and architecture because it is the archetype of Korean high modernism and is representative of South Korea's compressed economic growth. However, soon-to-be-demolished Sewoon Sangga signifies the failure of Korean high modernism. This study identified the critical characteristics of Korean high modernism through the Sewoon Sangga project.Originality/valueThis study analyzed a representative Asian city through the specific concept of high modernism. It transpired that high modernism, which played an important role in the birth and development of modern cities, should be transformed for future cities and architectural development. This study has significance in that it expands the study of the history of urbanism and architecture centered on the West to the same in Asia.
Finding the sweet spot in Industry 4.0 transformation: an exploration of the drivers, challenges and readiness of the Thai sugar industry
Authors: Sureeyatanapas Panitas , Pancharoen Danai , Saengprachatanarug Khwantri 
Published: November 2023

PurposeIndustry 4.0 is recognised as a competitive strategy that helps implementers optimise their value chain. However, its adoption poses several challenges. This study investigates and ranks the drivers and barriers to implementing Industry 4.0 in the Thai sugar industry, the world's second-largest sugar exporter. It also evaluates the industry's readiness for Industry 4.0.Design/methodology/approachThe drivers and impediments were identified based on a systematic literature review (SLR) and further investigated using a questionnaire, expert interviews, Pearson's correlation and nonparametric statistical analyses. The IMPULS model was used to assess the industry's readiness.FindingsMost companies expect to minimise costs, develop employees and improve various elements of operational performance and data tracking capability. Thai sugar producers are still at a low readiness level to deploy Industry 4.0. High investment is the major challenge. Small businesses struggle to hire competent employees, collaborate with a highly credible technology provider and adapt to new solutions.Practical implicationsThe findings can serve as a benchmark or guide for sugar manufacturers and companies in other sectors, where Industry 4.0 technologies are not yet widely utilised, to overcome existing roadblocks and make strategic decisions. They can also assist governments in developing policies that foster digital transformation and increase national competitiveness.Originality/valueThere is a scarcity of research on Industry 4.0 execution in the sugar industry. This study addresses this gap by investigating the reasons for the hesitancy of sugar producers to pursue Industry 4.0 and proposing solutions.
Iterated-local-search-based chaotic differential evolution algorithm for hybrid-load part feeding scheduling optimization in mixed-model assembly lines
Authors: Wang Zhu , Hu Hongtao , Liu Tianyu 
Published: November 2023

PurposeDriven by sustainable production, mobile robots are introduced as a new clean-energy material handling tool for mixed-model assembly lines (MMALs), which reduces energy consumption and lineside inventory of workstations (LSI). Nevertheless, the previous part feeding scheduling method was designed for conventional material handling tools without considering the flexible spatial layout of the robotic mobile fulfillment system (RMFS). To fill this gap, this paper focuses on a greening mobile robot part feeding scheduling problem with Just-In-Time (JIT) considerations, where the layout and number of pods can be adjusted.Design/methodology/approachA novel hybrid-load pod (HL-pod) and mobile robot are proposed to carry out part feeding tasks between material supermarkets and assembly lines. A bi-objective mixed-integer programming model is formulated to minimize both total energy consumption and LSI, aligning with environmental and sustainable JIT goals. Due to the NP-hard nature of the proposed problem, a chaotic differential evolution algorithm for multi-objective optimization based on iterated local search (CDEMIL) algorithm is presented. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by dealing with the HL-pod-based greening part feeding scheduling problem in different problem scales and compared to two benchmark algorithms. Managerial insights analyses are conducted to implement the HL-pod strategy.FindingsThe CDEMIL algorithm's ability to produce Pareto fronts for different problem scales confirms its effectiveness and feasibility. Computational results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other two compared algorithms regarding solution quality and convergence speed. Additionally, the results indicate that the HL-pod performs better than adopting a single type of pod.Originality/valueThis study proposes an innovative solution to the scheduling problem for efficient JIT part feeding using RMFS and HL-pods in automobile MMALs. It considers both the layout and number of pods, ensuring a sustainable and environmental-friendly approach to production.
Forward-looking disclosure tone in the chairman’s statement: obfuscation or truthful explanations
Authors: Al Lawati Hidaya , Hussainey Khaled , Sagitova Roza 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of a firm’s financial performance on forward-looking disclosure (FLD) tone and assess whether managers are engaging in impression management or providing truthful explanations when their companies have good or poor performance.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used the content analysis method to measure the tone of FLD in the chairman’s statements of Omani financial institutions for the period 2014–2018. Regression analysis is then used to test the research hypotheses.

Findings
The authors found that good-performing firms are disclosing more good news, whereas poor-performing firms disclose more bad news. The results provided evidence that managers in Oman are providing truthful explanations in their narratives.

Practical implications
This study offered interesting policy and practical implications for policymakers, managers and stakeholders. This paper provided insights to policymakers regarding the FLD tone practices used in the chairman’s reports in Oman. Policymakers should be aware of the importance of the chairman’s reports in the eye of multiple stakeholders and, therefore, need to set guidelines on the type and quality of non-financial voluntary information that should be disclosed in such reports in the context of emerging economies. For academics, evidence has been provided by this study’s results regarding the impact of corporate performance on disclosure tone.

Originality/value
This study offered a novel contribution to disclosure studies by being the first to examine the performance-disclosure narrative tone relation, in the context of Oman.