bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paleomagnetism of the Permian-Triassic Boundary of the Orenburg Region (East European Platform, Volga-Ural Anteclise)
Authors: Fetisova A. M. , Veselovskiy R. V. , Golubev V. K. 
Published: January 2024

This article presents the results of a detailed paleomagnetic study of five sections of the Permian-Triassic sedimentary rocks from the southeastern part of the Volga-Ural anteclise in the East European Platform (Orenburg region, Russia): Boevaya Gora, Vyazovka, Sambulak, Krasnogor, and Vozdvizhenka. The magnetic fabric determined by magnetic susceptibility anisotropy indicates that the rocks accumulated under the conditions of intense hydrodynamic activity. This makes it possible to reconstruct a predominantly submeridional transport of detrital material. The rocks of the Boevaya Gora section have a bipolar distribution of the characteristic component of their remanent magnetization, while other sections show a reversed polarity. In the Vyazovka section, the E/I method was used to calculate the inclination shallowing coefficient of the rocks (f = 0.79). The regional fold test yielded positive results, suggesting that the rocks of the studied sections were displaced after the deposition. For each section, paleomagnetic poles were calculated, with the poles of the Boevaya Gora and Vyazovka sections being the most reliable. The mean paleomagnetic pole coordinates of the studied sections, except the Sambulak section, are as follows: slat = 51.7°, slong = 55.8°, n = 4, plat = 48.5°, plong = 173.4°, α95 = 3.4°, paleolat = 23.4°.
Femoral shaft fractures in all ages. An epidemiological study in Al- Najaf
Authors: H. Al-Obaidi Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to discuss an important fracture, its incidence and causes and to find the effective measures to decrease its occurrence.Material and method: between Jan.1999 and Jan.2002 all patient with fracture shaft of femur who were admitted to alsader teaching hospital in AL-Najaf were investigated for age, sex, cause of the fracture, and period of hospitalisation. Results: The number of the patients was 494.There were 351 male and 143 female. Male to female ratio was 2.4:1.The age was ranging from 2 days to 81 years with mean of 18 years. The mean . hospitalisation period was 9 days. The main three causes of the fractures were road accident (44%), fall from height (25%), and fall (23%). There was no seasonal variation. The incidence of the fracture in children aged 0-15 years was 26.5 per 100.000 child per year. Patients with multiple fractures and other associated injuries represent 13% and most of them were children and the main cause was road accidents. Conclusions: Children were the main victims and road accidents were important cause especially in the most serious injuries. Further preventive measures are needed to decrease the incidence of the fracture especially among children.
Epidemiology of Hepatitis HBV and HCV at Thi-Qar Province â€“ Iraq
Authors: Abdelreda Abass Yahia , R. Al-Husseiny Khawam , Abass Kareem Aqeel 
Published: January 2024

The study was conducted on 1990 patients [ 1140 (57.3%) males and 850 (42.7%) females] during three years 2005-2007 at Thi-Qar province. They suffering from sings and symptoms of liver diseases. The results improved no positive case of infection with HIV , and revealed 176 (8.8%) positive hepatitis cases. HBV had high prevalence than other types including 100(5%) cases with significant differences , followed by HCV 63(3.2%) and 13(0.7%)cases were recorded as dual infections (HBV+HCV). Significant increase of infections among males were recorded 113(64.2%) .High seroprevalence of HBV ,HCV and dual HBV+HCV were recorded in patients with age group 16-30 years reached to 82(46.6%), followed by the age group 31- 45 years : 58(32.9%) .Dual infections decrease in the lower age and absent in age group 46-74 . According to occupation ,the highest number of infections found among workers 57(32.3%) , followed by housewives 40(22.7%) , students 36(20.5%) , officers 33(18.8%) and children 10(5.7%) .
Neonatal septicemia in AL_Najaf AL_Ashref governerate : bacteriological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity
Authors: H. Al-Hamadani Adnan , H. Sheeh Adel , AbdulAmir AL-Zubaidy Sinaa 
Published: January 2024

Neonatal septicemia still one of the most important causes of neonatal sepsis and death. Knowledge of bacteriological profile and antibacterial sensitivity pattern in our locality play an important role in selection of antibacterial drug that will be very effective against causative pathogens.This study conducted in AL- NAJAF AL- ASHREF Governorate during period extended between Nov.2007 to Feb.-2008, about 57 clinically suspected cases of neonatal septicemia was enrolled, to study bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Results showed that 33 cases (58 %) gave positive blood culture results and there was no growth in 24 cases (42 %), from the positive cases there was 20 males and 13 females.On the other hand, Klebsiella sp. represented 42.4% of all isolates and Escherichia coli were 27.2 %, while the rest (30.29 %) was represented by Staphylococcus aureus. Sensitivity pattern showed that S.aureus was sensitive to Norfloxacin (100 %), Vancomycin (85.7 %), Netilmicin (66.6 %), Teicoplanin (66.6 %) and Azithromycin (42.8 %). While Klebsiella sp. was sensitive to Amikacin (100 %), Norfloxacin (100 %), Nalidixic acid (100 %), Doxycycline (50 %), Cephalexin (0 %) and Gentamycin (0 %).While E.coli was sensitive (100 %) to Norfloxacin, (100 %) for Amikacin, (100 %) for Tobramycin, (50%) to cefotaxime and (50 %) for Nalidixic acid. These results will help the physician in our locality to select most sensitive drug by the bacteria for optimum successful treatment to overcome morbidity and mortality in neonate.
Evaluation of Irritable Bowel Syndrom in ALDiwanyia City.
Authors: TALIB N. ALDAMARCHI ALI , TAHHER MUSLEM USAMA , MOHAMMED HUSSEIN AL-YASSIN ALI 
Published: January 2024

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most commonly diagnosed gastrointestinal condition that comprises 25-50% of all referral to gastroenterologists. IBS causes a great deal of discomfort and distress, but it does not permanently harm the intestines and does not lead to a serious disease, such as cancer. To study the epidemiological aspect, clinical varieties and the response the available treatment in patients whom complaining of irritable bowel syndrome according to Rome criteria in al Diwaniya province in Iraq. Two hundreds sixty four patients with variable clinical presentation of irritable bowel syndrome of different age groups and sexes were fully examined and investigated to exclude the organic disease. We used the chi square calculation in statistical analysis. The mean age of patients in our study was 26.1Â±1.2 that is mean higher prevalence in younger age group. There is an overall female predominance with more common in married than single. IBS can distribute in smoker and nonsmoker with no significance difference. The most common presentation was the alteration of constipation and diarrhea. Most patients had an exacerbation of symptoms after an emotional stress or eating heavy meal. About 90% of patients fell un satisfactory response to available treatment. This disorder mainly affects young patients of both sexes, so it has adverse effect on the performance and the productive power of country. More advanced treatment modalities adopted in developed countries needed to be evaluated and applied in our country.
The Evaluation of High Density Lipoproteinscholesterol and Triglycerides on newely diagnosusis Gestatinal diabetes
Authors: Abdul Hussein Al- Zamily Ajile 
Published: January 2024

Many studies indicated that lipid profile risk factor for gestation diabetes mellitus (GDM), and the early detection of GDM may prevent or delay progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Detection of impaired gestation requires a test which is inconvenient to screen for this condition in clinical practice.This studies was aimed to assess these effects of high density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TGs) on the manifestations of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Materials and methods:-Twenty-four Pregnant women were preformed brief IGTT, (75g oral glucose tolerance test ) during period the August /2006 to October / 2007. They classified into three groups depending on the results of IGTT nets.
1.Group A: Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT), (No.10).2.Group B: Impaired gestation diabetes mellitus (IGDM), (No.7).3.Group C: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), (No.7).HDL-c was showed a significant direct correlation with serum glucose assessed by 2h-OGTT (R2=0.173, 0.498, 0.723 for group A,B,and C respectively). Gestation diabetes mellitus patients (GDM) showed direct correlation between HDL-C and serum glucose level. In addition, direct correlation between TG and serum glucose, but not reach to significant correlation.IGDM is associated with high density lipoprotein â€“cholesterol. The HDL-C and TG associated with risk for GDM and study this parameters help to prevent or delay GDM
The Implications of HLA Phenotypes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: A. AL-Hilaly Hummady , M. AL-Mousawy Khalida , AL-Khafaji Jassem , AL-Khalidy Nawal 
Published: January 2024

Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is, in part, genetically determined, and the HLA genes are candidate for a role in the genetic susceptibility to this disease, because their products play a central role in the immune responses. Multiple studies have reported associations between HLA phenotypes and either Ulcerative Colitis (UC) or Crohn's Disease (CD), the major two disorders of IBD, but much of these data are still controversial. To estimate overall associations between HLA phenotypes and this disease, and to establish the probable etiologic or protective functions conferred by these molecules, a total of 71 Iraqis, Arabs patients (55 with UC and 16 with CD) compared with ethnically matched, 70 healthy control group were assayed for a panel of monoclonal antibodies for HLA class I and II, using microlymphocytotoxicity test. Among class I molecules; A23, A(16+66), and B27, were positively associated with the disease (Odds ratio: 18.9, 9.4, and 4.8, respectively), conferred etiologic roles. The DQ2 was the only one of class II molecules that played same role (OR 2.6). On the other hand, A2, Bw4, Cw5, DR3, and DR8, were found to be negatively associated with IBD suggesting a protective role at respective ORs; 0.4, 0.1, 0.2, 0.1, and 0.3. Thus, IBD is associated with specific class I and II molecules that may play roles in the etiology or in prevention of this disease. Further studies required to determine allelic variants of HLA-genes in this study.
Painful osteoarthritic knee joints; a comparative study between intra-articular steroids and combined physiotherapy modalities treatment
Authors: K. Al-Umeri Shamran 
Published: January 2024

Thirty patients 13males(44%) 17females(56%) who had osteoarthritis of the knees according to ARA classification criteria and presented with acute pain without effusion where randomly assigned into 2 groups to evaluate the effects of intra-articular injection(IAS) and in the other hand combination of interferential current (IFC) with pulsed electromagnetic field (PEF) physiotherapy modalities in treating painful Knee OA. All patients were treated with acetaminophen 1g bid, meloxicam 7.5mg once daily. 15 patients 8males(53%)- 7females (47%) received intra-articular injection of methyl prednisolone acetate(IAS) 80mg/2ml depot. The other group 10females(66.6%) â€“ 5 males (33.3%) was treated by interferential current(IFP) 10 minute sessions with 20 minutes sessions of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy(PEF). The WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities) scores index of osteoarthritis were recorded at 0 week, 1st wk ,2nd wk, 4th wk, 8th wk and 16th wk. At follow up visits pain, stiffness and physical function are the parameters used for comparison. Both intra-articular injection group and combined physiotherapy modalities group had significant improvement. The IAS group had more rapid pain relief and continue till the end of the study. Slow improvement was achieved in the second group. Our current study suggest that IAS is preferable than IFP&PEF in the treatment of OA knee pain from the practical point of view regarding the cost of the instrument, patient compliance, poverty state of the patients and their needs for early return to their jobs. Availability of portable IFP or PEMF is more practical but under education of our patients & its cost are main obstacles in its way of use.
Epidimiology of giardiasis in sulaimaniya and chamchamal with its effect on some biochemical parameters and pcv
Authors: H. K. Al-taie Lazem , M. Ali,Diplo Fatema 
Published: January 2024

The present study aimed to detect the percentage of infection with Giardia lamblia in different ages and sexes in Sulaimaniya and Chamchamal, and showing the effects of Giardiasis on some biochemical par0meters and PCV% which related to the public health in society.The prevalence of Giardiasis and its relationship to age, and sex was studied randomly in 1200 out patients in two different areas, Sulaimani city( urban )andChamchamal (semirural) during period from April to June 2007. Stool samples were examined microscopically by direct general stool examination (GSE).40 blood samples were collected from patients whom found infected with G. lambila for estimation of PCV ,TSP, Alb, Glo, A/G, S.Chol. S.TG, and S. Cal. The results showed that the higher rate of infection was recorded in Chamchamal as semirural. Age factor had effect on the prevalence of infection; the rate in children (55%) was higher significantly than in adults(45%).The percentage of infection was higher in females than in males.Infected children suffered from reduction in PCV,S.chol. and S. Cal.and A/G ratio which attributed to elevation of Glob, infected adults suffered from reduction in S.Chol., S. TG., S.Cal., and Glob, which cause the elevation of A/G. It can be concluded from the present study that Giardiasis was higher in semi rural area than urban, children than adults, and in females than males. PCV and serum Calcium were the most affected by the Giardiasis.
Prevalence of hepatitis C viral infection among multitransfused thalassemic patients
Authors: Hadi AL-Zamili A'alan , M. Al-shebani Abass , Karim Mohsin Rahman 
Published: January 2024

A prospective study was conducted on 325 patients (187 males and 138 females) with B â€“thalassemia major &sickle- thalassemia - who were attending the thalassemia center at Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniya , from the period of September 2007 till April 2008. Their ages ranged from 1-20 years. They were studied for Anti HCV sero positivity among patients with B- thalassemia major &Sickle- thalassemia (12 patients (4.01%) and 1 patient (3.84%) respectively). Anti HCV sero positivity was significantly higher among patient's ages from (5-15 years) and also sero positivity was more among males. Statistically, there were significant differences among both sexes. The study has revealed also that anti HCV sero positivity was directly related to the frequency of blood transfusion. Also they were studied for HCV antibodies. 13 patients (4 %) were found to have antibodies in comparison to zero among the 325 children of the control group.The risk of exposure to HCV was higher than HBsAG and HIV among the same patients.
Evaluation The Immunological State Of Womenâ€™s Sera Infected With Toxoplasmosis.
Authors: A. Janna Mahab , A. Al-Shanawee Fawzia , E. Waheeda Nabil , G.Al-Anny Nahla 
Published: January 2024

Background: The ubiquitous protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates and immunocompromised hosts. Both acute invasion and reactivation of latent infection result in an inflammatory reaction with lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. Better understanding of the mechanisms of resistance of the host against this protozoan is important for development of safe, effective alternative treatment regimens for toxoplasmosis in the future.Aim of study:This study aimed to investigate some immunological parameters of womanâ€™s sera infected with Toxoplasmosis in Baghdad city, through investigation the potential role of some interleukins mediating the inflammatory response after T. gondii infection.Methods: Detection of parasite antibodies was achieved by MELA by testing 185 women which referred to central health laboratory during the period from March to July 2004; ELISA technique was used to detect serum concentration of IL-1Î±, IL-8, and IL-10 , alsoSRID used to calculate total IgG,IgM, C3, and C4 concentrations in both group understudy.Results:According to the study, there was significant increasing in mean concentration of IgG whereas IgM concentration do not affected in both patients and control groups, also there were no significant differences in the mean concentration of C3 and C4component of complement between two groups of study. There were no significant differences in mean concentration of serum IL-1Î± (0.68 pg/ml) and IL-8 (20.14 pg/ml) in infected women when compared with healthy one (0.187 pg/ml) and (17.0 pg/ml)respectively. However, the mean serum concentration of IL-10 was highly and significantly elevated during T. gondii infection (21.125 pg/ml) in comparison to that of healthy control (9.525 pg/ml). The study did not record any significant change in the mean total WBCs count between patients and control groups, also there were no differences in mean percentage of neutrophils in both groups, the mean percentage of eosinophils and lymphocytes was highly significant in infected womenâ€™s samples as compared with control.Conclusion:Most cases of toxoplasmosis were diagnosed at the chronic stags of disease, hence there were no clear sign and symptoms that draw attention, however, abortion was the only manifestation that refer to infection with toxoplasmosis, since the concentrations of pro inflammatory cytokines (like IL-1Î±) and chemokines (such as IL-8) decreased against increase the level of anti-inflammatory and regulatory cytokine IL-10 that prevent the host immune response leading to undesirable pathological changes.
Cranial Ct Scan Findings In Patients With Headache
Authors: Kareem Al-Umeri Khalil 
Published: January 2024

Objectives : 140 patients with non specific headache referred from neurology and medical outpatient clinics were studied to review the cranial computerized tomography findings and check if there were any significant lesion detected by CT scan.Methods : The patients were assessed using CT apparatusSiemens Somatom Emotion soft ware version A40A at Aldiwanyia teaching hospital during the period from July 2008 to September 2009 CT images were taken with 5 mm slices , intravenous contrast enhancement were done to confirm the diagnosis in patients with cerebral tumors .Results : The patients divided into two main groups on the basis of imaging findings: Group 1: No abnormality detected in cranial CT scan examination of 107 patients ( 76.4 %) . Group 2 : 33 patients ( 23.6 %) with abnormal cranial CT scan examination . Abnormal CT findings divided into : 12 patients with sinusitis or sclerotic mastoid air cells, 10 patients with intracranial space occupying lesion ( SOLs) , 8 patients with cerebral atrophy , 3 patients with cerebral infarction .Conclusion : patients with intracranial SOLs in our study confirms that significant lesions can be detected by CT scan in patients with non specific headache not completely fulfilling international headache society criteria.
Natural History of isolated Ventricular Septal Defects in the first two years of life
Authors: K. Gatea Shaker , K. Janabi Adnan 
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the natural history of isolated ventricular septal defects in the first two years of life.Patients and Methods: We prospectively studied a total of 50 infants diagnosed as isolated ventricular septal defect between january2008 -january 2009. Infants aged less than three months, with isolated ventricular septal defects were followed for two years. Infants with Down syndrome, other types of ventricular septal defect and those who had an additional hemodynamic significant heart defects were excluded.Results: A total of 50 infants 30 males vs. 20 females (60% vs. 40%) were followed up for 24 months. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was forty days Â±5 days (Range: 1 day- 3.0 months). 34 patients (68.0%) had membranous , 10 patients (20.0%). had muscular,4 patients (8.0%) had inlet and 2 patients (4.0%) had outlet ventricular septal defects. There were 16(32.0%) small ,28(56.0%) moderate, and 6(12.0%) large size defects .7 of muscular defects closed spontaneously, 2 were closed surgically and 1 remained open but decrease in size (70.0%, 20.0%, and 10.0% respectively). On the other hand 25 of membranous defects closed spontaneously and 9 defects remained open by the end of the study ((74.0%),(26.%) respectively). Regardless of type all small 16(32.0%) not required medical treatment, 34(68.0%) ofmoderate and large size defects needed medical and/or surgical treatment in the first two yeas of life but by the end of fallow up 16(32.0%) defect closed spontaneously and 10(20.0%) defects had their size decreased ,all of them of moderate size.Conclusion: Infants with muscular ventricular septal defects have better prognosis in the 1st year but spontanous closure with membranous is more in the 1st 2 years and infants with moderate and large ventricular septal defects usually need medical and/or surgical treatment.
Effects of Hyperglycemia on Presentations of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Zamel Muhammad Mazin , Raheem Hassan Aqeel 
Published: January 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a clinical syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and have multifactorial effects on immunity which increase the liability for infections with higher risk of lower respiratory tract infections including pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).Objective: To assess the effects of hyperglycemia in DM on the clinical, bacteriological and radiological presentations of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: This study enrolled 25 tuberculous patients out of 310 diabetic patients who attend to the out-patient clinic of DM at Al- Diwaniya Teaching Hospital, they were studied during the period from 1st of October 2009 to 31st of March 2010.
Results: This study revealed that male to female ratio was 4:1. 16% of the patients were type 1 DM, 56% were diabetic â‰¤10 years, 12% had fasting blood sugar (FBS) â‰¤6.9 mmol/l, 84% had HbA1c level â‰¥7.0%, 24% had positive history of pulmonary tuberculosis and 76% had positive sputum smear for acid fast bacilli (AFB). Multiple lobe involvement, cavitary lesions, lower lung field involvement and pleural effusion had been diagnosed in 64%, 60%, 32% and 16% of the sample respectively.Conclusions: This study revealed that DM affects the clinical, bacteriological and radiological picture of PTB. Diabetic patients have a higher risk for recurrence of PTB.