bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferric particle-assisted LDI-MS platform for metabolic fingerprinting of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Yihan , Wan Xu , Huang Hongtao , Shen Jie , Wu Bin , Zhu Lina , Wu Beirui , Liu Wei , Huang Lin , Qian Kun , Ma Jing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To explore the metabolic fingerprints of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in individuals with type 2 diabetes using a newly-developed laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) platform assisted by ferric particles.

Methods
Metabolic fingerprinting was performed using a ferric particle-assisted LDI-MS platform. A nested population-based case-control study was performed on 216 DR cases and 216 control individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Results
DR cases and control individuals with type 2 diabetes were comparable for a list of clinical factors. The newly-developed LDI-MS platform allowed us to draw the blueprint of plasma metabolic fingerprints from participants with and without DR. The neural network afforded diagnostic performance with an average area under curve value of 0.928 for discovery cohort and 0.905 for validation cohort (95 % confidence interval: 0.902–0.954 and 0.845–0.965, respectively). Tandem MS and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS with ultrahigh resolution identified seven specific metabolites that were significantly associated with DR in fully adjusted models. Of these metabolites, dihydrobiopterin, phosphoserine, N-arachidonoylglycine, and 3-methylhistamine levels in plasma were first reported to show the associations.

Conclusions
This work advances the design of metabolic analysis for DR and holds the potential to promise as an efficient tool for clinical management of DR.
On abelian-by-cyclic Moufang loops
Authors: Drápal Aleš , Vojtěchovský Petr 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We initiate a systematic study of abelian-by-cyclic Moufang loops, that is, Moufang loops Q with an abelian normal subgroup X such that

Q
/
X

{Q/X}

is a cyclic group. Among other results, we construct all split abelian-by-cyclic Moufang loops in which both X and

Q
/
X

{Q/X}

are 3-divisible, using so-called Moufang permutations on X, which are permutations that deviate from an automorphism of X by an alternating biadditive mapping. Additional abelian-by-cyclic Moufang loops are obtained from so-called construction pairs. As an aside, we show that, in a Moufang loop Q obtained from a construction pair, the abelian normal subgroup X induces an abelian congruence of Q if and only if Q is a group.
A note on the essential numerical range of block diagonal operators
Authors: Carvalho Luís , Diogo Cristina , Mendes Sérgio , Soares Helena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this note, we characterize the essential numerical range of a block diagonal operator

T
=

⊕
i

T
i

{T=\bigoplus_{i}T_{i}}

in terms of the numerical ranges

{

W
⁢

(

T
i

)

}

i

{\{W(T_{i})\}_{i}}

of its components. Specifically, the essential numerical range of T is the convex hull of the limit superior of

{

W
⁢

(

T
i

)

}

i

{\{W(T_{i})\}_{i}}

. This characterization can be simplified further. In fact, we prove the existence of a decomposition of T for which the convex hull is not required.
Improving the mixed model for repeated measures to robustly increase precision in randomized trials
Authors: Wang Bingkai , Du Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In randomized trials, repeated measures of the outcome are routinely collected. The mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM) leverages the information from these repeated outcome measures, and is often used for the primary analysis to estimate the average treatment effect at the primary endpoint. MMRM, however, can suffer from bias and precision loss when it models intermediate outcomes incorrectly, and hence fails to use the post-randomization information harmlessly. This paper proposes an extension of the commonly used MMRM, called IMMRM, that improves the robustness and optimizes the precision gain from covariate adjustment, stratified randomization, and adjustment for intermediate outcome measures. Under regularity conditions and missing completely at random, we prove that the IMMRM estimator for the average treatment effect is robust to arbitrary model misspecification and is asymptotically equal or more precise than the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) estimator and the MMRM estimator. Under missing at random, IMMRM is less likely to be misspecified than MMRM, and we demonstrate via simulation studies that IMMRM continues to have less bias and smaller variance. Our results are further supported by a re-analysis of a randomized trial for the treatment of diabetes.
E-learning modules to enhance student nurses’ perceptions of older people: a single group pre-post quasi-experimental study
Authors: Devkota Rashmi , Dahlke Sherry , Fox Mary T. , Davidson Sandra , Hunter Kathleen F. , Butler Jeffrey I. , Shrestha Shovana , Chasteen Alison L. , Moody Elaine , Martin Lori Schindel , Pietrosanu Matthew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To examine whether e-learning activities on cognitive impairment (CI), continence and mobility (CM) and understanding and communication (UC) improve student nurses’ knowledge and attitudes in the care of older adults.

Methods
A quasi-experimental single group pre-post-test design was used. We included 299 undergraduate nursing students for the CI module, 304 for the CM module, and 313 for the UC module. We administered knowledge quizzes, Likert scales, and a feedback survey to measure student nurses’ knowledge, ageist beliefs, and feedback on the modules respectively.

Results
Participants demonstrated significantly more knowledge and reduced ageist attitudes following the e-learning activities.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that e-learning activities on cognitive impairment, continence and mobility, and understanding and communication improve knowledge and reduce ageist attitudes among nursing students.
Preverbal clitic clusters in the Tanzanian Rift Valley revisited
Authors: Harvey Andrew , Gibson Hannah , Griscom Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper examines preverbal clitic clusters in the Tanzanian Rift Valley, an area of high linguistic diversity with representatives of the Bantu, Cushitic, and Nilotic families, as well as Sandawe (possibly a distant member of the Khoi-Kwadi family), and the language isolate Hadza. An earlier work (Kießling, Roland, Maarten Mous & Derek Nurse. 2008. The Tanzanian Rift Valley area. In Bernd Heine & Derek Nurse (eds.), A linguistic geography of Africa, 186–227. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) identified preverbal clitic clusters as a widespread feature across many languages of the Rift Valley, and posited the preverbal clitic cluster as a feature characteristic of a ‘Tanzanian Rift Valley Area’. The current paper provides further detail on preverbal clitic clusters across the languages of the region and examines possible routes of development for these structures. From this analysis, the picture that emerges is complex: contact scenarios cannot be restricted to ones in which West Rift Cushitic or its predecessor languages are the only models for the development of a preverbal clitic cluster and, in the case of Sandawe (and perhaps the Datooga varieties), it appears as if the development of a preverbal clitic cluster cannot be linked to contact at all. In terms of what this means for the ‘areality’ of the Tanzanian Rift Valley, this paper forgoes discussions about geographical delineation or arguments for or against a ‘Tanzanian Rift Valley Area’ in favour of highlighting the individual historical events (c.f. Campbell, Lyle. 2017. Why is it so hard to define a linguistic area? In Raymond Hickey (ed.), The Cambridge handbook of areal linguistics, 19–39. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) that may have given rise to preverbal clitic clusters in the languages of our sample, as well as encouraging continued investigation into the nature of these histories, both from a linguistic and interdisciplinary perspective.
Review article: messages from (not so distant) relatives in the Nuba Mountains: on how (not) to reconstruct Proto-Bantu
Authors: Dimmendaal Gerrit J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The rich morphological systems and discourse-based syntactic structures of a range of modern Bantu languages have attracted the attention of many linguists. The present contribution takes articles in a volume on the reconstruction of Proto-Bantu grammar edited by Bostoen et al. (2022. On Reconstructing Proto-Bantu Grammar, Niger-Congo Comparative Studies 4. Berlin: Language Science Press. 808 pp. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7560553) as a basis, in order to address the origin of these grammatical properties. More specifically, historical as well as synchronic features of Bantu languages are compared with Tima, a related language spoken in the Nuba Mountains, Sudan, and classified as a member of the Kordofanian family within Niger-Congo by Greenberg. Contrary to a popular view, it is claimed here that subject inversion and corresponding (extended) ergative alignment marking with transitive verbs is not only a property of Tima as a Niger-Congo language, but also of several Niger-Congo languages classified as Bantu. Tima consequently may perform a role similar to that of Tocharian in the history of Indo-European studies. The present contribution also raises methodological issues related to lexicon-based Bayesian phylogenetics as against Greenberg’s method of multilateral comparisons, and the historical-comparative method. In addition, it addresses the question of the extent to which the spread of typological features coincides with so-called “belts” postulated in the typological literature on African languages.
Contextualized word senses: from attention to compositionality
Authors: Gamallo Pablo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The neural architectures of language models are becoming increasingly complex, especially that of Transformers, based on the attention mechanism. Although their application to numerous natural language processing tasks has proven to be very fruitful, they continue to be models with little or no interpretability and explainability. One of the tasks for which they are best suited is the encoding of the contextual sense of words using contextualized embeddings. In this paper we propose a transparent, interpretable, and linguistically motivated strategy for encoding the contextual sense of words by modeling semantic compositionality. Particular attention is given to dependency relations and semantic notions such as selection preferences and paradigmatic classes. A partial implementation of the proposed model is carried out and compared with Transformer-based architectures for a given semantic task, namely the similarity calculation of word senses in context. The results obtained show that it is possible to be competitive with linguistically motivated models instead of using the black boxes underlying complex neural architectures.
Kreatismus
Authors: Stumpf Jonathan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Far from deemphasizing Jesus’ Jewishness, as theologians in Nazi Germany regularly did, Dietrich Schuler claims that the New Testament’s message was and continues to be detrimental for “Aryans”. In fact, he finds it far more problematic than the Old Testament. His solution is to invent a new religion. I shall thus delve into Dietrich Schuler’s literature that permeated the German neo-Nazi movement during the first decade of the 21st century. Moreover, this article attempts to answer the question why Schuler was unsuccessful in turning his secular disciples into actual believers. I will use and build on a framework put forth by the American sociologist Rodney Stark. I shall also refer to religious sociologist Martin Riesebrodt and his theory of religion.
Transition and Transformation of the Slovak Society and Slovak Identity
Authors: Pondelíková Ivana 
Published: November 2023

The aim of this paper is to disseminate partial results of the Europe for Citizens / Share EU – Shaping of the European citizenship in the post-totalitarian societies: Reflections after 15 years of European Union enlargement project. The project focuses on linking the educational process, historical memory, and social change 15 years after EU enlargement. Based on in-depth interviews, we have examined the transformation of Slovak society since the Velvet Revolution (1989) and joining EU (2004). The focus is given to the historical background that led to the change of a regime. The transformation to a democratic society resulted in the formation of a new Slovak identity, which was examined through Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Respondents provided facts, thoughts, and their views of living in Slovak society since these two significant milestones.
Telemedicine as a socio-medical process. Experiences from remote monitoring of long-COVID patients in Poland
Authors: Maksymowicz Stanisław , Jarynowski Andrzej , Czekaj Łukasz , Gęsicki Szymon , Romaszko–Wojtowicz Anna , Wójta-Kempa Monika , Anna Doboszyńska 
Published: November 2023

Aim. Long-COVID syndrome is still under broad investigation. It is known, however, that the consequences of COVID-19 disease can permanently affect the health and quality of life of patients in many respects. For this reason, monitoring parameters in patients who are still experiencing symptoms is an extremely serious task for medicine. It is possible with the use of telehealth paradigm, which helps to provide long-term care. The use of wearable medical devices that record certain vital parameters (e.g., Aidmed) can ensure that the patient is under constant surveillance after an infection. For this reason, the development and introduction of nationwide telemonitoring and telerehabilitation programs for the long-COVID patients seems to be a key solution.
Methods. The main goal of this analysis, which involved 373 patients, is to present practical experiences and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the use of remote diagnostic tools in patients with long-COVID syndrome. The analysis based on a multicentre study in Poland focuses on the technological and social aspects of Aidmed telehealth system. The results were obtained on the basis of the deliberative reflection method, conducted by a multidisciplinary team: 2 medical sociologists, 1 epidemiologist, 2 biomedical students (secretary roles in the projects), 2 computer scientists and 2 medical doctors.
Results. The analysis showed that the use of telemedicine tools is quicker and allows to obtain more accurate diagnostic data (strengths). It is also inclusive and educational in relation to the excluded groups of patients (opportunities). However, it may lead to limitation of contacts between the doctor and the patient (threats) and limited access due to high costs and time investments (weaknesses).
Conclusions. Remote home monitoring and telerehabilitation of patients with long-COVID syndrome has the potential to reduce the burden of disease and prevent overloading of the healthcare system. Therefore, it should be widely used. However, we need to learn how to implement it correctly. Our recommendations are: 1) technology should be inclusive in both e-literacy and health literacy; 2) solutions must be as simple as possible for an end user; 3) the entire process requires efficient logistics facilities.
Reflection on contextual factors associated with burden of infectious diseases in multi-country modelling approach on the example of Eastern Europe
Authors: Jarynowski Andrzej 
Published: November 2023

Thesis. The use of mathematical models to nowcast and forecast allows to improve predictive understanding of epidemiological targets and indexes among various populations during infectious disease epidemics. Such models enable trend predictions of various scenarios of the pandemic and guiding epidemic prevention and control.
Concept. In order to avoid the influence of low-quality studies (for a given region) on the interpretation and decision making, a critical analysis based on experience in field epidemiology should be carried out. For the sake of transparency and quality of scientific discourse, such observations should indeed be collected and discussed by the scientific and medical community. Selected global modelling studies have been assessed according to their epidemiological outcomes such as cases and deaths.
Results and Conclusions: I show that the discrepancy between reported and predicted epidemiological features varies more significantly than the order of magnitude between the countries in selected models. My findings highlight that models’ results; readers should prefer locally developed models over multi-country models, even those being published in prestigious journals. Thus, agent based models should be prioritised against system dynamics or machine learning models. I suggest that future epidemiological models should adopt healthcare access as a factor of so-called dark figure of infections, especially in Eastern Europe.
Collective Behaviour of Crimes In Cyberspace
Authors: Andrzej Buda Andrzej 
Published: November 2023

Aim. The Convention of Cybercrimes (ETS No. 185) singned in Budapest, Hungary in 2001 created the unification of cyber-crimes and had impact on national criminal codes across the world. Therefore I started to colaborate with the National Police Headquarters from Warsaw to investigate direct and indirect connections between cyber-crimes defined by the Convention and the Criminal Code in Poland because statistical analysis of cyber-crimes were not thus far satisfactory .
Methods. Statistical analysis of data collected in time series may lead to computer correlation coefficients between crimes and detect a hierarchical structure of selected cyber-crimes
Results. According to correlation coefficients between crimes, the behaviour of independent cyber criminals is collective and might lead to self-organised criticality. Correlations and anticorrelations between crimes are extremely strong. Therefore crimes may exist collectively or may exclude each other
Conclusion. Hierarchical structure of crimes according to the MST seems to be extremely logical and might lead to a perfect crime plans or prevention against cyber-crimes as well. Therefore the sensitive details given by graph of the MST had to be censored.
Investigating the shelf-life of probiotics fermented egg white-based beverage using prebiotics
Authors: Mourad Reem , Csehi Barbara , Friedrich László , Nguyen Quang Duc , Bujna Erika 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith growing attention to health and lifestyle changes, functional foods have become crucial and in demand. These foods are a rich source of probiotics and prebiotics, but most probiotic products are dairy-based, making them inappropriate for people with lactose intolerance or milk protein allergies. Nevertheless, egg white offers a viable substitute and is considered one of the best sources of functional proteins. As an alternative food matrix, they come highly recommended for those who are hypersensitive to dairy products or who follow a high-protein diet, such as athletes. In this context, egg-white drink with different carbohydrate sources, including monosaccharide (fructose) and oligosaccharide (fructooligosaccharide), was fermented by Lacticaseibacillus casei 01. After 24 h of fermentation, the total cell count was higher than 8 log10 CFU mL−1 thus, the egg white drink was suitable for L. casei 01 to grow. Additionally, the survival of L.casei 01, the pH value, and the rheological properties of fermented beverages within three weeks of refrigerated storage were also investigated. Throughout the storage period, the control samples exhibited considerably lower cell count and higher pH values compared to the samples with carbohydrate sources, also, samples containing the same carbohydrate source showed no noticeable changes. Viscosity measurements of the studied samples showed a shear thickening behaviour during the time.
A EVASÃO NAS LICENCIATURAS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Ferreira Rafaela Melo , Bierhalz Crisna Daniela Krause 
Published: November 2023

A evasão no ensino superior é uma das preocupações das instituições do país, pois acarreta um baixo número de concluintes. Para compreender essa problemática, buscamos responder ao seguinte questionamento: que estudos estão sendo realizados sobre a evasão nos cursos de licenciatura no Brasil, no período de 2014 a 2023? Delimitamos como objetivo verificar, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, quais estudos estão sendo realizados sobre a evasão nos cursos de licenciatura no Brasil. A revisão integrativa teve como lócus o Portal de Periódicos da Capes e o Scielo, em que foram selecionados nove artigos, completos e publicados em português. Como resultado, percebemos que são poucos os estudos específicos das causas da evasão nas licenciaturas, e a maioria deles é na área das ciências exatas, destacando a área da Física. Grande parte trata de identificar as causas, tendo como foco os alunos evadidos. Indicam como principal causa a dificuldade de conciliar trabalho com estudos, bem como a necessidade da constante revisão conceitual do termo. Além disso, revelam a urgência de pesquisas específicas nas instituições e nos cursos, envolvendo gestores, professores e alunos regulares, compreendendo a visão destes sujeitos sobre a instituição, o curso, os aspectos didático-pedagógicos e outros diretamente relacionados à permanência, ou não, no ensino superior.
Memertabatkan Semula Sejarah Maritim Sebagai Suatu Disiplin dan Cadang Ilmu dalam Mendepani Perkembangan Semasa Ilmu Kelautan Modern
Authors: Ali Ismail , Sulistiyono Singgih Tri , Supriatna Encep 
Published: November 2023

Laut dan lautan secara tradisinya telah menjadi sumber inspirasi untuk mencari kebenaran dan seterusnya berjaya menidakkan worldview manusia yang mengaitkannya dengan pelbagai unsur metos dan tahyul. Laut dan lautan juga merupakan satu tempat yang mempunyai kelebihannya tersendiri bagi menyatukan perhubungan di antara negara, membentuk semangat bersatu, saling memahami dan bersatupadu serta menjana kekayaan. Ia adalah satu harta yang tidak ternilai, tidak boleh ditukar ganti dan diubah suai. Dalam pensejarahan awal martitim dunia telah memperlihatkan bagaimana para pelaut kuno dengan hanya berbekalkan kearifan lokal yang terhad terhadap alam kelautan tetap berhasil menakluki laut dan lautan utama dunia sehingga telah berjaya membangunkan sebuah peradaban sepertimana yang kita warisi pada masa kini. Seiring dengan perubahan ilmu pengetahuan dan perkembangan teknologi pada masa ini telah memperlihatkan kewujudan pelbagai bidang, disiplin dan aliran baharu dalam ilmu kelautan yang kini lebih dikenali sebagai oceanografi sahaja. Justru itu penelitian dan penulisan makalah ini bertujuan untuk memperlihatkan bagaimana sejarah maritim masih lagi releven untuk terus dikaji dan dipelajari dan diangkat sebagai suatu bidang dan disiplin ilmu dalam ilmu kelautan dalam mendepani perubahan dan perkembangan terkini ilmu kelautan atau oceanografi dalam mencorakan perkembangan ilmu kelautan dan hala-tuju pembangunan agenda kelautan sesebuah negara.