bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL PAESAGGIO SUBTERRESTRE DI CALVINO COME CRONOTOPO GEOLOGICO E LUOGO DELL’IO
Authors: Latini Ginevra 
Published: February 2025

Partendo dall’analisi del racconto cosmicomico Il cielo di pietra, in cui il protagonista Qfwfq discende nelle viscere della Terra, è possibile comprendere in termini bachtiniani come il cronotopo del subterrestre si sviluppi nella poetica calviniana e si declini in altre caratteristiche paesaggistiche creando un filo di continuità tra natura del sottosuolo e geografia interiore dell’io. In Dall’opaco, l’idea di subterrestre - inteso come mondo alla rovescia e regno del «negativo» - coincide con il paesaggio dell'io che scrive. Sottosuolo, vulcani e voragini, oltre a corredare l’immaginario paesaggistico di Calvino, si collegano implicitamente all’atto della scrittura: è necessario attingere in modo "schizofrenico" alle doti saturnine e vulcaniane, proprie degli oscuri regni primordiali. La stratificazione geologica del subterrestre rappresenta - sia in senso ecocritico che psicanalitico - una mappa per interrogarsi sulla geografia dell’io che richiama freudianamente «un'idea geologica e verticale di psicologia del profondo, fatta di strati sovrapposti».
Partnership and Competition: The strategic alliance between Schneider et Cie and the Škoda Works during the Interwar Period
Authors: Skřivan Aleš , Burianová Tereza 
Published: February 2025

Strategic alliances play an important role in business. This article analyses the interwar relationship between two major European arms manufacturing enterprises – the Czechoslovak Škoda Works and its post First World War majority shareholder the French Schneider et Cie – from the Czechoslovak viewpoint, based chiefly on the extensive research of unpublished sources. This study illustrates the development of mutual relations using the example of exports of artillery material under the so-called Artillery Convention, which divided export territories between the two companies and was valid for most of the monitored period. Though relations between the companies were initially determined by the proprietary relationship, they gradually stabilised, and these functioning relations can be considered an example of a successful joint venture between the enterprises. Schneider’s involvement in Škoda was positive for Škoda and Czechoslovakia because it also contributed to Škoda’s attainment of a strong position in the international arms trade.
Perception of Professional Practices from the voice of the student body of Pedagogy
Authors: Ordóñez-Sierra Rosario , Gómez-del-Castillo-Segurado Mª Teresa , Rodríguez-Gallego Margarita 
Published: February 2025

This study highlights the importance of the practicum in the training of education professionals, since it is a key moment for students to reach the specific competences of the profession in an active and reflective manner. The main aim of research in this field is to assess the pedagogy students’ perception of the blog, videoconference, and peer mentoring as effective tools for reflection and communication in monitoring and evaluating professional practices. The design/methodology about the evaluation of students’ perception was conducted using a mixed design, employing both quantitative and qualitative methods. It involved an already validated online questionnaire and individual blog entries submitted by the 131 participants.

It can be highlighted among the results that the blog proved instrumental in enhancing Pedagogues’ knowledge of their professional tasks and fostering a more profound reflective process. Students favor its utilization for practice evaluation over traditional memory-based approaches, as it facilitates experience sharing, fosters camaraderie, and offers insights into diverse professional teams and career opportunities.

The main conclusion about the main conclusion about the use of the blog, videoconferences and work dynamics through the Mentoring Groups is that they are favorably valued. There is unanimity regarding its use, throughout the four years analyzed; they value it very positively, for being motivating and, above all, enriching for the whole group, proposing that it be the work methodology for both third- and fourth-year students.And, the main contribution of this experience can be generalized to any of the university studies that carry out professional practices in labor scopes. The results of this research show the improvement of the theoretical-practical learning of the students, an alternative to the end-of-practicum project, compared to the traditional written memory and knowledge of other institutions where peers participate.
Magnitude, risk factors and economic impacts of diabetic emergencies in developing countries: A systematic review
Authors: Haile Halefom Kahsay , Fenta Teferi Gedif 
Published: February 2025

Background
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) and severe hypoglycemia are considered as the life-threatening diabetic emergencies of diabetic patients worldwide. As the prevalence of diabetes grows in developing countries, so too does the impact of these costly human and economic complications. Noticeable scarcity of data concerning the magnitude, the cost expenditures as well as well unidentified predictors of these complications made the management more difficult in the resource limited health care settings. Thus, this systematic review aimed to assess the magnitude, risk factors and economic impacts of diabetes emergencies among diabetic patients in the developing countries.

Methods
Following PRISMA (2020) guidelines, databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and Scopus were searched for studies reporting on prevalence, risk factors, and direct costs of diabetes emergencies published in English from 2000 to 2023. Forty eligible studies were extracted and retrieved using manual data extraction form and automation tools. Studies were analyzed and combined in a narrative synthesis. The estimations of direct cost expenditure were standardized to 2023 USD.

Result
A comprehensive examination was conducted on the 40 eligible studies, with the majority originating from African sources. The review shows the prevalence of diabetic emergencies; DKA episodes in the range of (3.8%-73.4%), HHS (0.9%-58%) and Severe hypoglycemia (3.3%-64.7%) per year in the developing countries. Infection, new onset of the diabetes, and non-compliance to medications and diets were reported as the most common risk factors of theses diabetic emergencies. Besides, the costs of hospitalization taken from the patients’ perspective, that were associated per one diabetic emergency event per patient was reported in the range of 105–230 USD in the developing countries.

Conclusion
The rising prevalence of diabetic emergencies in poor nations, where infections, non-compliance, and new onset of diabetes are major causes, highlighted the urgent need for preventative interventions. Identifying high-risk individuals is crucial for implementing tailored strategies to reduce emergency visits and hospital admissions. The significant economic burden of these emergencies exacerbates the strain on already limited healthcare resources. In order to enhance health outcomes and lessen the financial strain on healthcare systems in these areas, preventive strategies must be incorporated into diabetes management programs.
Methods for identifying adverse drug reactions in primary care: A systematic review
Authors: Logan Vera , Hughes David , Turner Adam , Carter Neil , Jordan Sue 
Published: February 2025

Background
Identification of real-time adverse drug reactions [ADRs] (as opposed to the risk of ADRs) in older poly-medicated people in primary care is a challenging task, often undertaken without an explicit strategy. This systematic review aims to evaluate replicable instruments and methods for identifying and addressing ADRs.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane library, using controlled vocabulary (MeSH) and free-text terms. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) implementing strategies to identify or resolve ADRs experienced by patients in primary care were included. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Discrepancies were resolved by discussion.

Results
From 2,182 unique records, 49 studies were identified for full review. Eight papers reporting results from 6 RCTs were included. All six trials utilised a list of medicine-related unwanted symptoms to identify ADRs. Two of three studies using adverse drug reaction questionnaires reported statistically significant increased rates of ADR reporting. Two of three studies that combined symptom questionnaires with prescriber consultations reported reductions in the number of health problems. Overall, results suggest that the three studies that described multidisciplinary collaborations using lists of ADRs plus prescriber reviews enhanced patient safety. However, the RCTs were unblinded and reported suboptimal retention. When considered as a whole, findings are equivocal and the data are too heterogenous to warrant any firm conclusions, beyond the need for more research to optimise strategies to safeguard patient wellbeing.

Implications
Adaptable and scalable instruments with decision support are needed in primary care to identify and mitigate medicine-related harm in older poly-medicated people. The effectiveness of adverse drug reaction identification instruments, the value of comprehensive instruments, and the optimum method of delivery should be explored in multicentre trials.
Environmental risk factors for self-harm during imprisonment: A pilot prospective cohort study
Authors: Stephenson Thomas , Harris Imogen , Armstrong Charlotte , Fazel Seena , Short Roxanna , Blackwood Nigel 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Self-harm is a major public health issue in the imprisoned population. Limited high-quality evidence exists for the potential impact of prison environmental factors such as solitary confinement. This exploratory pilot prospective cohort study in a large male remand prison in England sought to estimate effect sizes for a comprehensive range of prison environmental factors in relation to self-harming behaviours.

Methods
A random sample of all prisoners (N = 149) starting a period of imprisonment at the study prison took part in a clinical research interview, which assessed a range of known risk factors for self-harm in prison. Information concerning environmental factors, including staff numbers, cell placement and movements, and engagement in work and activities were collected from prison records. Incidents of self-harm behaviour in the 3 months after entering prison were measured using medical records and self-report at end of follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression models were calculated individually for each predictor.

Results
55.7% of participants completed follow-up (83/149). Single cell placement (OR 4.31, 95% CI 1.06–18.24, p = 0.041) and more frequent changes of cellmate (OR 1.52, CI 1.14–2.17, p = 0.009) and cell (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.28–2.86, p = 0.003) were associated with an increased risk of self-harming behaviour. Time spent in areas with a higher number of prisoners per member of prison staff was significantly associated with reduced self-harm behaviour in adjusted models (OR 0.89, CI 0.78–0.99, p = 0.039). Following sensitivity analyses, the associations between frequent cell changes and self-harm behaviour, and between single cell placement and self-harm ideation, remained statistically significant.

Discussion
This exploratory pilot study provides prospective longitudinal data regarding relationships between prison environmental factors and self-harm behaviour. Findings regarding single cell accommodation and frequent cell changes are consistent with the prior evidence base largely derived from case-control study data. The finding regarding frequent cellmate changes predicting self-harm is novel. Findings regarding prisoner-staff ratio and self-harm most likely reflect a reverse causal relationship. Replication in larger cohort studies is required to address the limitations of this pilot study.
Exercise‐induced effects on the metabolome of endurance and strength‐trained athletes in comparison with sedentary subjects: A pilot study
Authors: Parstorfer Mario , Poschet Gernot , Brüning Kirsten , Friedmann‐Bette Birgit 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLittle is known about the exercise‐induced adaptations of the metabolome in endurance and strength athletes in comparison with sedentary subjects. In order to analyze exercise‐induced effects, quantitative, targeted metabolomics (Biocrates MxP® Quant 500) were performed in plasma samples before and after one bout of endurance or resistance exercise (RE) in 12 strength‐trained weightlifters (ST), 10 endurance‐trained runners (ET) and 12 sedentary controls (CG) at the end of each of three characteristic training phases. Performance and anthropometric data were significantly different between CG and athletes. A significant exercise‐induced increase in lactate (Lac) was observed in all groups after all exercise tests. After endurance exercise (EE), there were significant increases in acetylcarnitine, arachidonic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid in CG and ET while aconitic acid, hippuric acid, glutamate, hexoses, xanthine were significantly increased in ET only. Only CG showed increases in several triglycerides following EE. RE, however, induced significant increases in Lac only. In summary, EE induces distinct increases in some metabolites of the fatty acid metabolism and the oxidative defense system in ET and CG. There are some indications for specific adaptations of the energy metabolism after long lasting endurance training with a distinct exercise‐induced response of the metabolome in ET.
RBT‐1, a “preconditioning” agent, mitigates syndecan‐1 shedding in patients undergoing “on pump” cardiac surgery and following experimental AKI
Authors: Johnson Ali C. M. , Zager Richard A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDuring systemic stress, syndecan‐1 (SDC‐1) shedding into plasma results, implying endothelial damage. RBT‐1, a “preconditioning” agent, has been shown to mitigate postoperative complications following cardiac surgeries. This study assessed whether RBT‐1 preconditioning attenuated SDC‐1 shedding in these patients, implying a vascular protective effect. Patients (n, 112) were randomized to receive low‐dose RBT‐1, high‐dose RBT‐1, or placebo 24–48 h prior to surgery. Plasma samples were obtained before and 2 days postsurgery and assayed for SDC‐1 (ELISA). To gain further insights, male CD‐1 mice were subjected to acute renal injuries, and RBT‐1's impact on plasma SDC‐1 increases, vascular/aortic stress responses (NGAL/KIM‐1/IL‐6 gene induction), and two vascular cytoprotective pathways (Nrf2; ferritin) were assessed. Baseline plasma SDC‐1 levels did not differ between patient groups. The placebo group developed an approximate 50% plasma SDC‐1 (ng/mL) increase (p, 0.012). Conversely, no significant SDC‐1 increases were seen in the RBT‐1 treatment groups. Experimental injury markedly increased plasma SDC‐1 concentrations, and these were significantly blunted by RBT‐1 preconditioning. RBT‐1 also mitigated AKI‐induced aortic NGAL/KIM‐1/IL‐6 mRNA increases, activated aortic Nrf2, and increased vascular ferritin levels. RBT‐1 preconditioning diminishes SDC‐1 release and upregulates vascular ferritin and Nrf2. Hence, RBT‐1 preconditioning can confer select vasoprotective effects.
The effects of alpha‐pinene against paracetamol‐induced liver damage in male rats
Authors: Rahimi Kaveh , Rezaie Anahita , Allahverdi Younes , Shahriari Parham , Taheri Mirghaed Mahtab 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of alpha‐pinene against N‐acetyl‐p‐aminophenol, paracetamol, (APA)‐induced liver damage in rats. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): Group 1: Normal (control). Group 2: APA 640 mg/kg. Group 3: alpha‐pinene 50 mg/kg (APA+ αPi 50 mg/kg). Group 4: alpha‐pinene 100 mg/kg (APA+ αPi 100 mg/kg). Group 5: silymarin 50 mg/kg (APA+ SIL). Alpha‐pinene or silymarin was orally administered after APA administration for 14 consecutive days. This study investigated liver damage by preparing pathology slides from liver tissue. Levels of AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured. Inflammatory factors, including NF‐kB gene expression and levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐a, were also measured. Administering alpha‐pinene with APA can prevent liver damage induced by APA. Alpha‐pinene can enhance TAC while reducing TOS, ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin. Moreover, the results have also revealed that alpha‐pinene decreases NF‐kB expression, which leads to a reduction in IL‐6 and TNF‐a levels. It appears that alpha‐pinene induces liver protective effects against APA damage by reducing the activity of liver enzymes, improving antioxidant/oxidative status, and reducing inflammation through the regulation of NF‐kB and pro‐inflammatory cytokines.
Organogermanium: Potential beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system
Authors: Aizawa Kunihiko , Nakamura Takashi , Shimada Yasuhiro , Takeda Tomoya , Azumi Junya , Shore Angela C. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOrganogermanium, especially poly‐trans‐[(2‐carboxyethyl)germasesquioxane] (Ge‐132), has been known to enhance immune‐modulatory activities. However, the in vivo and in vitro evidence accumulated over the last 20 years reveals that Ge‐132 has unique but underappreciated multi‐functional properties that have a potential positive effect for the cardiovascular system. A hydrolysate of Ge‐132, monomeric 3‐(trihydroxygermyl)propanoic acid, forms a complex with a vicinal diol structure (i.e., having two adjacent hydroxyl groups such as the cis‐diol and catechol groups) that exists in ribose (e.g., adenosine triphosphate), catecholamine (e.g., adrenaline), and saccharide (e.g., glucose). Additionally, Ge‐132 enhances macrophage phagocytosis and the heme catabolic pathway by upregulating key enzymes that are responsible for producing cytoprotective molecules such as biliverdin and bilirubin during the process. These multi‐functional properties exert pleiotropic physiological effects after an oral intake of Ge‐132 such as anti‐oxidation, anti‐inflammation, anti‐hypertensive, anti‐glycation, and erythrocyte lifecycle enhancement, all of which appear to assist the cardiovascular system. Of those effects, the effects on the lifecycle of erythrocyte may have an important implication for maintaining optimal vascular function, augmenting the availability of oxygen by enhancing the elimination of senescent, and damaged erythrocytes as well as promoting erythropoiesis. Human studies are warranted to determine whether these beneficial effects observed in previous studies are translated into humans.
A note on the global existence and boundedness of an N-dimensional parabolic-elliptic predator-prey system with indirect pursuit-evasion interaction
Authors: Liu Ling 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate the two-species chemotaxis predator-prey system given by the following system:

u

t

=
Δ
u
−
χ

∇

⋅

(

u

∇

w

)

+
u

(

λ

1

−

μ

1

u

r

1

−
1

+
a
v

)

,

x
∈
Ω
,

t
>
0
,

v

t

=
Δ
v
+
ξ

∇

⋅

(

v

∇

z

)

+
v

(

λ

2

−

μ

2

v

r

2

−
1

−
b
u

)

,

x
∈
Ω
,

t
>
0
,

0
=
Δ
w
−
w
+
v
,

x
∈
Ω
,

t
>
0
,

0
=
Δ
z
−
z
+
u
,

x
∈
Ω
,

t
>
0
,

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}{u}_{t}=\Delta u-\chi \nabla \cdot \left(u\nabla w)+u\left({\lambda }_{1}-{\mu }_{1}{u}^{{r}_{1}-1}+av),& x\in \Omega ,\hspace{0.33em}t\gt 0,\\ {v}_{t}=\Delta v+\xi \nabla \cdot \left(v\nabla z)+v\left({\lambda }_{2}-{\mu }_{2}{v}^{{r}_{2}-1}-bu),& x\in \Omega ,\hspace{0.33em}t\gt 0,\\ 0=\Delta w-w+v,& x\in \Omega ,\hspace{0.33em}t\gt 0,\\ 0=\Delta z-z+u,& x\in \Omega ,\hspace{0.33em}t\gt 0,\end{array}\right.

in a bounded domain

Ω
⊂

R

N

(

N
≥
1

)

\Omega \subset {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}\left(N\ge 1)

with smooth boundary, where parameters

χ
,
ξ
,

λ

i

,

μ

i

>
0

\chi ,\xi ,{\lambda }_{i},{\mu }_{i}\gt 0

, and

r

i

>
1

(

i
=
1
,
2

)

{r}_{i}\gt 1\hspace{0.33em}\left(i=1,2)

. Under appropriate conditions, utilizing suitable a priori estimates, we demonstrate that if

(

N
−
2

)

+

N

<
max

(

r

1

−
1

)

(

r

2

−
1

)

,

4

N

2

,

(

r

1

−
1

)

2

N

,

(

r

2

−
1

)

2

N

\frac{{\left(N-2)}_{+}}{N}\lt \max \left\{\phantom{\rule[-0.95em]{}{0ex}},\left({r}_{1}-1)\left({r}_{2}-1),\frac{4}{{N}^{2}},\left({r}_{1}-1)\frac{2}{N},\left({r}_{2}-1)\frac{2}{N}\right\}

, then the system admits a unique, uniformly bounded global classical solution. This finding extends the results of several previous studies.
Analysis of Horse Riding Extracurricular Activities in Forming the Character of Students at Zam-zam Integrated Islamic School (ZIIS) in Banyumas Regency
Authors: Muhammad Ilham Ramadhani  , Agus Raharjo  , Sulaiman  
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the influence of extracurricular horse riding on the formation of brave, confident and responsible characters in students at the ZIIS modern Islamic boarding school and examine the psychological relationship that exists between students (horse riders) and horses. The research method uses mixed methods research by collecting, analyzing, and combining quantitative and qualitative research methods in a series of research. The samples taken for research were 25 male students and 25 female students. Each student was given a questionnaire containing questions regarding character formation after participating in equestrian extracurriculars. The results of observation data, interviews and questionnaires confirmed that an index in the range of 80% - 100%. The conclusion is the strong agreement among respondents in the questionnaire that equestrian extracurriculars can form brave, confident, responsible characters and can form a psychological relationship between horse riders and horses.
1,25-Vitamin D-mediated hypercalcaemia in the setting of immune therapy-related sarcoid-like reaction
Authors: Dharmaputra R K , Sheriff N , Ravichandran S 
Published: February 2025

SummaryWe presented a case of a 72-year-old male with severe hypercalcaemia of 3.84 mmol/L following the second cycle of immunotherapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab in the setting of metastatic melanoma with known bone metastases. Further investigations demonstrated hilar lymphadenopathy, which was not present in previous imaging, and subsequent hypercalcaemia work-up demonstrated a significantly elevated serum calcitriol level as high as 429 pmol/L. A diagnosis of drug-induced sarcoid-like reactions or DISRs was made on the basis of hypercalcaemia and hilar lymphadenopathy following immunotherapy. Hypercalcaemia was effectively treated with intravenous fluids and medical therapy including a short course of subcutaneous calcitonin, a total of 120 mg of denosumab and oral prednisolone.Learning pointsDISRs are a rare complication of immunotherapy and may mimic metastases. A temporal relationship between commencement of therapy and progression on clinical imaging is important in making an accurate diagnosis.Calcitriol-mediated hypercalcaemia secondary to DISRs is an important differential diagnosis to hypercalcaemia of malignancy and should be considered in patients who have undergone immunotherapy.Prednisolone should be considered as the next line of treatment after fluid therapy in patients with calcitriol-mediated hypercalcaemia. Prednisolone and denosumab both reach maximum clinical efficacy between 7 and 10 days. Therefore, treatment administration should be spaced out by at least five days to avoid iatrogenic hypocalcaemia.