bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on root foraging and competitive ability between native and invasive plants
Authors: Yao Na-Na , Wang Xiao-Jing , Deng Hao-Hui , Fan Sheng-Qi , Zhang Hai-Jie , Peng Shao-Lin , Chen Bao-Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims
Besides the direct uptake of nutrients by roots, plants can acquire nutrients through the aid of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). AMF play a crucial role in plant growth and competitive abilities. However, few studies have investigated the effects of AMF on root-foraging, and their interactive effects on competition between native and invasive species in response to heterogeneous nutrients.
Methods
Two invasive plants and their two co-existing native plants of the Asteraceae family were selected to create a common garden experiment involving three factors (heterogeneous vs. homogeneous phosphorus, with vs. without AMF inoculation, and monoculture vs. mixture).
Results
AMF significantly reduced the foraging scale of the invasive species, Bidens pilosa, and decreased the precision of the invasive species, Praxelis clematidea, and the native species, Emilia sonchifolia. There were significant interactive effects of AMF and phosphorus heterogeneity on plant biomass and nutrient uptake. Heterogeneity significantly decreased the tolerance ability of B. pilosa but increased that of P. clematidea. In the homogeneous treatment, AMF significantly decreased the suppression ability of B. pilosa, while in the heterogeneous treatment, AMF decreased that of P. clematidea. Heterogeneous phosphorus with AMF increased the suppression relative interaction intensity of B. pilosa but decreased that of P. clematidea.
Conclusion
The interactive effects of AMF and phosphorus heterogeneity on root foraging and competitive abilities differ between invasive and native plants and show invasive-native pair differences. These findings provide valuable insights into the interactive effects of AMF and roots on nutrient uptake and competition in different nutrient distributions.
Protocol for Prognosticating PPD Using EEG Changes during Labor Pain by Uterine Contractions: A Prospective Cohort Study in the First Stage of Labor
Authors: Wang Yan , He Wan-Ying , Zhan Chang' an A , Pan Shi-Lei , Wu Wen , Li Feng-Xian , Zhang Hong-Fei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Lack of motivation and behavioural abnormalities are the hallmarks of postpartum depression (PPD). Severe uterine contractions during labour are pain triggers for psychiatric disorders, including PPD in women during the puerperium. Creating biomarkers to monitor PPD may help in its early detection and treatment. It has been suggested that uterine contraction-induced labour pain plays a role in the emergence of this syndrome. Therefore, abnormal electroencephalography (EEG) patterns during the early stage of labour may provide useful information. Here, we propose that aberrant EEG patterns caused by uterine contraction pain may be predictive markers for PPD.
Methods
This study is a single-centre prospective cohort planned for 330 parturients for vaginal delivery in the maternity ward of Zhujiang Hospital from 2021 to 2023. At baseline, online or paper-based questionnaires, including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and demographic data, will be collected at their final prenatal visit in the outpatient clinic. EEG, electrocardiography (ECG) and electrohysterography (EHG) signals will be monitored and recorded during the first stage of labour in the ward. Follow-up will be taken at the postpartum timepoints of day 3, day 42, and 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively. Power spectral density and functional connections will be quantified. The connections between PPD severity and EEG measurements as a function of time will be assessed using linear mixed-effects models. Maternal age, parity, and whether oxytocin is used during labour, all have an impact on the incidence of PPD, hence a stratified analysis will be carried out.
Discussion
We expect EEG changes caused by painful uterine contractions in the first labour may predict early PPD. The results from this study may act as a predictor for the development of PPD which may enhance long-term quality of life for the parturient and her offspring.
Trial registration:
Name of registry: EEG Changes of Uterine Contractions in the First Stage of Labor Predicting PPD. Trial registration number: NCT05217251; registration date on the ClinicalTrial.gov platform: March, 23/2022.
Long-term effectiveness and mediators of cognitive behavioural therapy among adults with attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Secondary outcomes of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Pan Mei-Rong , Dong Min , Zhang Shi-Yu , Liu Lu , li Hai-Mei , Wang Yu-Feng , Qian Qiu-Jin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: The long-term effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in medicated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) adults with residual symptoms needs to be verified across multiple dimensions, especially with respect to maladaptive cognitions and psychological quality of life (QoL). An exploration of the mechanisms underlying the additive benefits of CBT on QoL in clinical samples may be helpful for a better understanding of the CBT conceptual model and how CBT works in medicated ADHD.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial including ninety-eight medicated ADHD adults with residual symptoms who were randomly allocated to the CBT combined with medication (CBT+M) group or the medication (M)-only group. Outcomes included ADHD-core symptoms (ADHD Rating Scale), emotional symptoms, maladaptive cognitions (Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire and Dysfunctional Attitude Scale), and psychological QoL (World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version-psychological domain). Mixed linear models (MLMs) were used to analyse the long-term effectiveness at the 48-week follow-up, and structural equation modeling (SEM) wasperformed to explore the potential mechanisms of CBT on psychological QoL.
Results: ADHD patients in the CBT+M group outperformed the M-only group in reduction of ADHD core symptoms (d= 0.491), depression symptoms (d = 0.570), a trend of reduction of maladaptive cognitions (d = 0.387 and 0.395, respectively), and improvement of psychological QoL (d = -0.454). The changes in the above dimensionscorrelated with each other (r = 0.201~0.636). The influence of CBT on QoL was mediated through the following four pathways: 1) changes in ADHD core symptoms; 2) changes in depressive symptoms; 3) changes in depressive symptoms and then maladaptive cognitions; and 4) changes firstly in depressive symptoms, maladaptive cognitions, and then ADHD core symptoms.
Conclusions: The long-term effectiveness of CBT in medicated ADHD adults with residual symptoms was further confirmed. The CBT conceptual model was verified in clinical samples, which would be helpful for a deeper understanding of how CBT works for a better psychological QoL outcome.
Trial registration: ChiCTR1900021705 (2019-03-05)
Investigating breast cancer metastasis through collagen remodelling and metal accumulation: an advanced X-ray imaging approach
Authors: Conceicao Andre Luiz Coelho , Müller Volkmar , Burandt Eike-Christian , Mohme Malte , Nielsen Leonard , Liebi Marianne , Haas Sylvio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer is a significant global health burden, causing a substantial number of deaths. Systemic metastatic tumour cell dissemination is a major cause of poor outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying metastasis is crucial for effective interventions. Changes in the extracellular matrix play a pivotal role in breast cancer metastasis. In this work, we present an advanced multimodal X-ray computed tomography, by combining Small-angle X-ray Scattering Tensor Tomography (SAXS-TT) and X-ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography (XRF-CT). This approach likely brings out valuable information about the breast cancer metastasis cascade. Initial results from the its application on a breast cancer specimen reveal the collective influence of key molecules in the metastatic mechanism, identifying a strong correlation between zinc accumulation (associated with matrix metalloproteinases MMPs) and highly oriented collagen. MMPs trigger collagen alignment, facilitating breast cancer cell intravasation, while iron accumulation, linked to angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF, supports cell proliferation and metastasis. Therefore, these findings highlight the potential of the advanced multimodal X-ray computed tomography approach and pave the way for in-depth investigation of breast cancer metastasis, which may guide the development of novel therapeutic approaches and enable personalised treatment strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes in breast cancer management.
Sustainable methods for the development of novel “green” roof tiles with enhanced photocatalytic performance
Authors: Stratidakis Antonios , Kouroutzi Maria , Kermenidou Marianthi , Karakitsios Spyridon , Sarigiannis Dimosthenis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The introduction of eco-friendly nanomaterials capable of addressing environmental challenges in industrial applications has gained wide attention and encouraged strong collaborations between science and the public and private sectors. WHO and many governmental health organizations have highlighted the environmental and human health effects caused by exposure to nitrogen oxides (NOx) and especially nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Vast research has highly investigated the adverse effects on human health after exposure to NO2 and has profoundly recommended its mitigation in the emissions of various sources. This study proposes the development of a novel bioclimatic product in the form of a “green”, eco-friendly tile, with photocatalytic properties, able to degrade atmospheric pollutants, for subsequent use in roof tiles. To this aim, novel “green” roof tiles were developed based on the deposition of various crystallographic types of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and the addition of two polymeric materials onto their upper surface. Experiments were conducted using nanoparticles of TiO2 anatase, rutile, and a mixture of them along with the addition of Polyethylene glycol and Pluronic F-127. All types of newly developed nanomaterials were characterized using X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), particle size distribution analysis, the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method, and Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM). Commercial ceramic roof tiles underwent spray-coating techniques, using the novel nanoparticles, followed by the investigation of their photocatalytic performance. The TiO2 anatase samples with the addition of PEG exhibited the greatest specific surface area among all types of samples, thus indicating their high photocatalytic efficiency, which was also proved by subsequent photocatalytic experiments for the tiles sprayed with the same type of nanoparticles. The results reported in this study indicate that the novel cool and eco-friendly roof tiles prove to be ideal for the enhancement of environmental protection, the mitigation of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, and the reduction of the urban heat island phenomena.
A Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact Analysis of the Introduction of Heat Stable Carbetocin for Postpartum Hemorrhage Prevention in Nigeria
Authors: Amode Olatunde , Oyedele Damilola , Salele Hadiza , Adekeye Olajumoke , Igbokwe Uchenna , Ameyan Lola , Afolabi Kayode , Fasawe Olufunke , Wiwa Owens 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Nigeria contributes about 28.5% of the global maternal death burden and 22% of these deaths are attributable to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). The World Health Organization recommends that the administration of a potent uterotonic agent within the first minute of birth is critical to preventing PPH. Studies reveal preponderance of low-quality oxytocin, misoprostol and other uterotonics in Nigeria due to substandard manufacturing practices, weak regulatory oversight, broken cold-chain systems, demanding climactic conditions (high heat; high humidity), inconsistent electricity and falsification of uterotonics. WHO, in its 2018 Recommendations, surmised heat-stable uterotonic agents may be more suitable options, depending on the context. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness and budget impact of heat-stable carbetocin (HSC) compared to other uterotonic options for PPH prophylaxis.
Methods
This is a health-economic evaluation to compare the occurrence of PPH events, costs, and the cost-effectiveness of introducing heat-stable carbetocin versus oxytocin+/-misoprostol for PPH prevention among women delivering in public healthcare facilities in Nigeria. The study utilized a hierarchical decision-tree model, developed from the public healthcare system perspective, that had as inputs demographical, clinical, and economical information, and generated results related to PPH events (categorized as mild-moderate and severe), PPH-related deaths, DALYs (disability adjusted life-years) on account of PPH and PPH-related direct costs to the healthcare system.
Results
The cost-effectiveness analysis revealed that in a cohort of 2,548,136 deliveries in Nigeria, HSC can avert 111,652 PPH events, 12,873 severe PPH events, 31,442 DALYs, and 1,165 deaths when compared against oxytocin, at a 4.5% reduction in total cost to the health system. Similar favorable results are associated with heat-stable carbetocin when compared with misoprostol and oxytocin-misoprostol combination. The budget impact analysis revealed that HSC can lead to total cumulative savings of USD $325,114 (₦ 240,743,2931) if scaled up over a 5-year period to 17% market share of prophylactic uterotonics administered in the country.
Conclusions
Introduction of HSC for PPH prevention is a cost-effective public health intervention in Nigeria. Health-economic modeling projects HSC to be associated with lower costs to the health system while conferring better maternal health outcomes when compared to oxytocin, misoprostol, or oxytocin-misoprostol combination.
[1] At a CBN rate of ₦740.49 to 1 USD (accessed 01/09/2023)
A randomized feasibility trial of nutritional ketosis in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Choi Alexander , Delgado Melanie , Chen Kong Y. , Chung Stephanie T. , Courville Amber , Turner Sara , Yang Shanna , Airaghi Kayla , Dustin Irene , McGurrin Patrick , Wu Tianxia , Hallett Mark , Ehrlich Debra J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND:
A ketogenic diet (KD) may benefit people with neurodegenerative disorders marked by mitochondrial depolarization/insufficiency, including Parkinson’s disease (PD).
OBJECTIVE:
Evaluate whether a KD supplemented by medium chain triglyceride (MCT-KD) oil is feasible and acceptable for PD patients. Furthermore, we explored the effects of MCT-KD on blood ketone levels, metabolic parameters, levodopa absorption, mobility, nonmotor symptoms, simple motor and cognitive tests, autonomic function, and resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG).
METHODS:
A one-week in-hospital, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled diet (MCT-KD vs. standard diet (SD)), followed by an at-home two-week open-label extension. The primary outcome was KD feasibility and acceptability. The secondary outcome was the change in Timed Up & Go (TUG) on day 7 of the diet intervention. Additional exploratory outcomes included the N-Back task, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Non-Motor Symptom Scale, and rsEEG connectivity.
RESULTS:
A total of 15/16 subjects completed the study. The mean acceptability was 2.3/3, indicating willingness to continue the KD. Day 7 TUG time was not significantly different between the SD and KD groups. The nonmotor symptom severity score was reduced at the week 3 visit and to a greater extent in the KD group. Blood ketosis was attained by day 4 in the KD group and to a greater extent at week 3 than in the SD group. The plasma levodopa metabolites DOPAC and dopamine both showed nonsignificant increasing trends over 3 days in the KD vs. SD groups.
CONCLUSIONS:
An MCT-supplemented KD is feasible and acceptable to PD patients but requires further study to understand its effects on symptoms and disease.
TRIAL REGISTRATION:
Trial Registration Number NCT04584346, registration dates were Oct 14, 2020 – Sept 13, 2022.
Resistivity Tomography Assessment for Structural Stability of Selected Buildings around College of Medicine, University of Ilorin
Authors: Olanrewaju Abubakar Hussain , Folorunsho Ismail Oluwaseye , Okonkwo Iheme Kenneth , Adebayo Mumeen Yusuf , Bolaji Olawumi Hakeem 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Resistivity tomography assessments were taken around the new College of Medicine University of Ilorin to investigate the structural stability of some selected buildings around the area. This was done to unveil the structurally weak zones and to delineate the extent of possible fractures, faults, and voids that may result in building collapse or failure. A profile of eighty-four meters (84m) was spread around the college buildings. Data was acquired by Schlumberger, Werner, Spontaneous Potentials, and Dipole-Dipole electrode configurations using LS2 ABEM Terrameter, and the profile was acquired to a maximum depth of 15 m with a maximum electrode spacing of 2 m. The data was subjected to a series of filtration processes and a reduced inverse model to ascertain the objectives. Data reductions and generation inversion model were done using the RES2DINV software and interpretation was done to delineate, and estimate the size and extent of structural failure. Results obtained reveal that interpretation of the inverse model is done in a manner of classifying the different lithology facies concerning their resistivity distribution shown as the different color code on the legend; this facie distribution is used to locate weak zones and other subsurface factors which can hinder the integrity of the soil that holds the building structure in the study site. The results of the data acquired show relatively low resistivity zones or facies typical of an incompetent clay formation. The soils around the study area are expected to exhibit medium swelling potential. It is therefore concluded that the sub-soils within which buildings are found in the study area are incompetent, also to note that facies like clay are incompetent for erecting engineering structures upon as repeated expansion and contraction of clay can make the foundation fracture and thereby fail.
Synergistic Enhancement of Woven Copper Wires with Graphene Foams for High Thermal Conductivity of Carbon Fiber Laminated Composites
Authors: Lu Ni , Sun Xinyang , Zhang Jiangang , Ma Chaoqun , Liu Chang , Wang Han , Zeng You 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Enhancing thermal conductivity of carbon fiber laminated composites (CFRP) in out-of-plane directions without sacrificing mechanical properties is still challenging for fabrication of high-performance composites with structural and functional integration. In this work, a novel hybrid sandwich composite was fabricated by weaving copper wires through carbon fiber (CF) fabrics, laminating graphene foams (GrFs) onto surfaces, and infiltrating with epoxy via vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding technique. High-efficiency heat transfer pathways were constructed to greatly increase out-of-plane thermal conductivity of composites with maintaining CF continuity. Microstructure, electrical property, and thermal conduction of composites were experimentally measured and theoretically simulated. The hybrid sandwich composites exhibited much higher electrical and thermal conductivity than the CFRP, and their out-of-plane thermal conductivity was up to 1.097 W/m·K, increasing by 104% in comparison with that of CFRP. Such remarkable thermal enhancement is mainly attributed to high intrinsic conductivity of the copper wire and GrF, continuous heat transfer pathways, and synergistic effect of copper wire with GrF for rapid heat transfer and diffusion. The hybrid sandwich composites show great potential to be used as high-performance materials with structural and functional integration in the fields of aerospace and transportation.
Discussion on Technical Defects and Improvement of the Current Prediction Index System for Gas Outburst Risk Areas
Authors: Zhang Zhang Yafei , Wang Zhaofeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The prediction of coal and gas outburst areas is the leading link of the two "four in one" comprehensive outburst prevention measures for gas prevention and control. The accurate determination of prediction indicators and critical values is of great significance for ensuring coal mine safety production and reducing the cost of outburst prevention work. The critical indicators for regional prediction specified in the "Detailed Rules for the Prevention and Control of Coal and Gas Outburst" are gas pressure of 0.74MPa and gas content of 8m3/t. However, there is no corresponding relationship between the critical values of regional prediction indicators for coal seams with different metamorphic degrees. The current gas outburst regional prediction indicator system does not provide corresponding regional prediction indicators and critical values based on different coal qualities. This article presents the critical values of gas content corresponding to the gas pressure of 0.74MPa for the regional prediction index based on the statistics of gas basic parameters of coal mines with different degrees of metamorphism and different regions, combined with the coal rank classification standards. This provides a basis for the determination of the gas content for the regional prediction index of outburst coal seams with different degrees of metamorphism.
Comparison of early patient-reported outcomes between uniportal thoracoscopic segmentectomy and wedge resection for peripheral small-sized non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: ZHAO Yingzhi , LIU Wenwu , GAO Xin , ZHANG Kaixin , DAI Wei , WEI Xing , ZHENG Haoqian , LEI Cheng , YU Hongfan , SHI Qiuling , LI Qiang , Tianpeng Xie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Analysis of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) offers valuable insights into distinguishing the effects of closely related medical procedures from the patient’s perspective. In this study we compared symptom burden in patients undergoing uniportal thoracoscopic segmentectomy and wedge resection for peripheral small-sized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: The study extracted patients with peripheral NSCLC in a prospective cohort (CN-PRO-Lung 3) who underwent segmentectomy or wedge resection with tumor diameter ≤ 2 cm and consolidation tumor ratio (CTR) ≤ 0.5. PROs data were collected using the Perioperative Symptom Assessment for Lung Surgery questionnaire pre-operatively, daily post-surgery up to the fourth hospitalization day, and weekly post-discharge up to the fourth week. Propensity score matching and a generalized estimation equation model were employed to compare symptom severity and short-term clinical outcomes.
Results:In total, 286 patients (82.4%) undergoing segmentectomy and 61 patients (17.6%) undergoing wedge resection were extracted from the cohort. No statistically significant differences were found in the proportion of moderate-to-severe scores for pain, cough, shortness of breath, disturbed sleep, fatigue, drowsiness, and distress during the 4-day postoperative hospitalization or the 4-week post-discharge period before or after matching (all p > 0.05). Compared with segmentectomy, wedge resection showed better short-term clinical outcomes, including shorter operative time (p = 0.001), less intraoperative bleeding (p= 0.046), and lower total hospital costs (p= 0.002).
Conclusions: Uniportal thoracoscopic segmentectomy and wedge resection seems to exert similar early postoperative symptom burden for patients with peripheral NSCLC (tumor diameter ≤ 2 cm and CTR ≤ 0.5).