bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic observation using distributed acoustic sensing around the Tsugaru Strait at the Japan and Kuril Trenches, northeastern Japan
Authors: Baba Satoru , Araki Eiichiro , Yokobiki Takashi , Kawamata Kei , Uchiyama Keisuke , Yoshizuka Takuji 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs megathrust earthquakes often have source areas in offshore regions, offshore seismic observations are important. However, the detection capability and resolution of offshore earthquake locations are low owing to the small number of permanent offshore seismic stations. Recently, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) measurements, which use a fiber-optic cable as a high-density strain rate sensor, have been used for seismic observations. To evaluate the detectability of earthquakes using DAS measurements, locate earthquakes near the cable, and derive the empirical relationship between the magnitude and DAS S-wave strain rate amplitude, we conducted DAS measurements for 4 months using an offshore fiber-optic cable in the Tsugaru Strait, where various types of earthquakes were observed. In this observation, some earthquakes with magnitudes smaller than one or not listed in the earthquake catalog by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) were observed. This suggests a high seismic detection capability for DAS measurements near the cable. We located earthquakes in the Tsugaru Strait by manually picking the arrivals of P- and S-waves. The hypocenters of events near the cable were located near those of the JMA catalog at a kilometer resolution; therefore, DAS data have the potential to locate earthquakes near the cable. In this study, an equation related to the maximum S-wave strain rate amplitude, hypocentral distance, and earthquake magnitude was derived. When the hypocentral distance increased by one order, the amplitude of the S-wave strain rate decreased by approximately 1.8 orders. This attenuation was larger than that derived mainly from inland DAS data in previous studies, which may be due to the difference in scattering or intrinsic attenuation between the inland and offshore regions. Using the derived equation, the magnitude of an earthquake can be estimated using the DAS data. We compared the S-wave amplitudes of the DAS strain rate and the acceleration of the permanent inland stations. The relationship between these two amplitudes is comparable to an apparent S-wave velocity of approximately 1500 m/s in the sediment.
Graphical Abstract
Wheat flour-derived amyloid fibrils for efficient removal of organic dyes from contaminated water
Authors: Yang Dan-Dan , Chang Fu-Xiang , Zhang Bo-Fan , Yong Yang-Chun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAmyloid fibrils derived from different proteins have been proved as a promising material for adsorption of various pollutants from wastewater, which showed advantages of low cost and eco-friendliness. However, most of the amyloid fibrils derived from animal-based proteins with high environmental footprint, while more sustainable amyloid fibrils derived from plant materials are desirable. In this study, a plant-derived amyloid fibril was extracted from the commonly used wheat flour with a simple and scalable protein purification and fibrillization process. Interestingly, the amyloid fibrils showed good adsorption capacity towards typical organic dyes (Eosin Y (EY) and Congo red (CR)) from contaminated water. Adsorption kinetic analysis indicated the adsorption process to EY or CR by wheat flour amyloid well fitted with a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption also followed a Langmuir isothermal model with adsorption capacities of 333 mg/g and 138 mg/g towards CR and EY, respectively. This work demonstrated the feasibility to utilize the plant-based amyloid fibril for organic dyes removal from contaminated water, which provided an affordable, sustainable and scalable tool for organic dyes removal from wastewater.
Graphical Abstract
Spatial monitoring of hydrolysis in a plug-flow bioreactor: a support for flexible operation?
Authors: Menzel Theresa , Neubauer Peter , Junne Stefan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrolysis at changing hydraulic retention time, recirculation, bedding straw content in the feed, bioaugmentation and the impact of those changes on gradient formation in the liquid phase in plug-flow reactors (PFRs) was examined. The pH-value, conductivity and oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) were monitored at three spots along the PFRs to study potential correlations to process performance during a total process time of 123 weeks. The on-line monitoring showed good correlations to acidogenesis: namely, the pH and ORP to the acidification, to butyric (and lactic) acid concentration and to the acid yield. The ORP (measured at the inlet) showed the most stable correlation to acidogenesis under dynamic operation, while the conductivity (at the outlet) correlated to the acid concentration in dependence on the feedstock. Multiple measurement spots as used in this study allow to gain more information about acidogenic fermentation than a single spot, simplifying process control and automation attempts with recalcitrant feedstock.
Graphical Abstract
Shallow structure and late quaternary slip rate of the Osaka Bay fault, western Japan
Authors: Hamahashi Mari , Otsuka Hironori , Suzuki Yoshiaki , Arimoto Jun , Matsuno Tetsuo , Seama Nobukazu , Yamamoto Yuzuru , Sugioka Hiroko , Bowden Stephen A. , Shimizu Satoshi , Iwamaru Hikaru , Sano Mamoru , Suzuki Keita , Kaneko Katsuya , Nakahigashi Kazuo , Tatsumi Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Osaka Bay is situated at a seismically active region north of the Median Tectonic Line and east of Awaji Island in western Japan, known as part of the Kinki Triangle and the Niigata–Kobe Tectonic Zone. Dense distribution of active faults and high geodetic strain rates characterize the region, posing a major seismic hazard potential to the coastal and metropolitan areas of the Kansai region. To investigate the shallow structure and recent deformation history of active faults in the Osaka Bay, we acquired 15 high-resolution seismic profiles using a Mini-GI airgun and a Boomer as active sources, together with multi-beam bathymetry data across the Osaka Bay Fault. Our seismic sections image a ~ 0.1 to 3.7 km-wide asymmetric anticline forelimb above the Osaka Bay Fault at shallow depths, coupled with a ~ 2.6 km-wide syncline to the west, and a broad, ~ 11 km-wide syncline in the footwall to the east. The synclinal axial surface at shallow depths measured in this study ranges 75°–89°. We observe the vertical displacement of the Osaka Bay Fault increasing northwards along strike. The sediment thickness on the hanging wall, however, is variable, modified by non-tectonic processes such as by tidal currents, affecting the geometry of growth strata. The most recent deformation by the Osaka Bay Fault reaches to near the seafloor by active folding, with large vertical offsets of 8–14 m over the last ~ 11 ka, and 5–11 m over the last ~ 5 ka. By combining with previously reported borehole age data, the average uplift rate on the Osaka Bay Fault is estimated to be ~ 1.0 to 1.7 m/ka during the Latest Pleistocene to Holocene. The inferred slip of the Osaka Bay Fault during the Holocene is likely to account for > 5% of the regional geodetic strain accumulation within the Kinki Triangle. Further studies to evaluate the Holocene slip rates of regional faults are necessary to assess the seismic hazards and the internal strain budgets within the Kinki Triangle and the Niigata–Kobe Tectonic Zone.
Graphical abstract
Unveiling why race does not affect the mask effect on attractiveness: but gender and expression do
Authors: Hewer Ellie , Lewis Michael B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStudies show that surgical face masks can have both positive and negative effects on attractiveness. Race has been implicated as a moderator of the size of this mask effect. Here, the moderating effects of expression, race and gender are explored. The mask effect was more positive for males than for females, for neutral faces than for smiling faces, and there were differences between the races. Further, the effect of unmasked attractiveness was partialled out for each image, which removed the race effects, but the gender and expression effects remained. It is suggested that racial differences previously observed in the mask effects are a consequence of differences in attractiveness of the faces sampled from those races. Re-analysis of previous research that showed race effects also demonstrates how they are better explained as attractiveness effects rather than race effects. This explanation can provide order to the different findings observed across the literature.
Distribution of legal retail cannabis stores in Canada by neighbourhood deprivation
Authors: Fataar Fathima , Driezen Pete , Owusu-Bempah Akwasi , Hammond David 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
In legal cannabis markets, the distribution of retail stores has the potential to influence transitions from illegal to legal sources as well as consumer patterns of use. The current study examined the distribution of legal cannabis stores in Canada according to level of neighbourhood deprivation.

Methods
Postal code data for all legal cannabis stores in Canada were collected from government websites from October 2018 to September 2021. This data was linked to the Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec measures for material and social neighbourhood deprivation. Descriptive data are reported, including differences across provinces with different retail systems.

Results
At the national level, there were approximately 8.0 retail cannabis stores per 100,000 individuals age 15+ in September 2021. The distribution of stores was closely aligned with the expected distribution across levels of material deprivation: for example, 19.5% of stores were located in neighbourhoods with the lowest level of material deprivation versus 19.1% in the highest level. More cannabis stores were located in the ‘most socially deprived’ or ‘socially deprived’ neighbourhoods (37.2% and 22.1%, respectively), characterized by a higher proportion of residents who live alone, are unmarried, or in single-parent families. The distribution of stores in provinces and territories were generally consistent with national patterns with a few exceptions.

Conclusion
In the first 3 years following cannabis legalization in Canada, retail cannabis stores were evenly distributed across materially deprived neighbourhoods but were more common in socially deprived neighbourhoods. Future monitoring of retail store locations is required as the legal retail market evolves in Canada.
Acoustic change complex findings in mild and moderate sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Hamdy Mona , El Shennawy Amira , Hosny Noha , Ezz Elregal Aya Salah , Hamdy Hussein Sherif 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Auditory electrophysiological tests of the cortex, which are processed in or close to the auditory cortex, are brain reactions to sound. A variation in a continuous stimulus causes the acoustic change complex potential (ACC), which is a wave following the P1-N1-P2 response.

Objective
To measure the amplitude and latency of different components of ACC in normal subjects and across individuals with mild and moderate degrees of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).

Patients and methods
The study includes 100 individuals with the age ranged from 10 to 50 years with different degrees of SNHL. The ACC was evoked by a change of second formant in the middle of ongoing steady-state synthetic, 3 formant vowels (ooee). The total duration was 500 ms. Changing occurred at 250 ms.

Results
The SNHL subgroups showed statistically significantly longer P1 and N1 latencies. N1 and P2 amplitudes of ACC onset response were larger with a statistical significance as compared to controls. Post hoc analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between mild and moderate SNHL on ACC parameters. Age showed a significant negative correlation with ACC N1 and P2 latency, ACC P1 and N1 amplitude, and onset P2 latency. Onset response P1 latency was significantly higher in children than adults. Median ACC P1 amplitude significantly increased in children than adults.

Conclusion
ACC is a reliable tool for testing the auditory cortex function of detecting difference in sounds presented that can be recorded readily in patients with mild and moderate SNHL.
Predicting the compressive strength of ultra-high-performance concrete using a decision tree machine learning model enhanced by the integration of two optimization meta-heuristic algorithms
Authors: Zhou Runmiao , Tang Yuzhe , Li Hongmei , Liu Zhenni 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe compressive strength (CS) of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) hinges upon the distinct properties, quantities, and types of its constituent materials. To empirically decipher this intricate relationship, employing machine learning (ML) algorithms becomes indispensable. Among these, the decision tree (DT) stands out, adept at constructing a predictive model aligned with experimental datasets. Notably, these models demonstrate commendable accuracy, effectively paralleling experimental findings as a testament to DT’s efficacy in UHPC prediction based on input parameters. To elevate predictive precision, this study integrates two meta-heuristic algorithms: the Sea-horse Optimizer (SHO) and the Crystal Structure Algorithm (CryStAl). This integration spawns three hybrid models: DTSH, DTCS, and DT. Particularly, the DTSH model shines with remarkable R2 values, registering an impressive 0.997, coupled with an optimal RMSE of 1.746 during the training phase. This underlines the model’s unmatched predictive and generalization capabilities, setting it apart from other models cultivated in this research. In essence, the fusion of empirical experimentation, advanced ML via DT, and the strategic infusion of SHO and CryStAl, culminates in the ascension of predictive prowess within the realm of UHPC compressive strength projection.
Restoration of postictal cortical activity after electroconvulsive therapy relates to recovery of orientation in person, place, and time
Authors: Stuiver Sven , Pottkämper Julia C.M. , Verdijk Joey P.A.J. , ten Doesschate Freek , van Putten Michel J.A.M. , Hofmeijer Jeannette , van Waarde Jeroen A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Most patients show temporary impairments in clinical orientation after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)-induced seizures. It is unclear how postictal reorientation relates to electroencephalography (EEG) restoration. This relationship may provide additional measures to quantify postictal recovery and shed light on neurophysiological aspects of reorientation after ECT.

Methods
We analyzed prospectively collected clinical and continuous ictal and postictal EEG data from ECT patients. Postictal EEG restoration up to 1 h was estimated by the evolution of the normalized alpha–delta ratio (ADR). Times to reorientation in the cognitive domains of person, place, and time were assessed postictally. In each cognitive domain, a linear mixed model was fitted to investigate the relationships between time to reorientation and postictal EEG restoration.

Results
In total, 272 pairs of ictal-postictal EEG and reorientation times of 32 patients were included. In all domains, longer time to reorientation was associated with slower postictal EEG recovery. Longer seizure duration and postictal administration of midazolam were related to longer time to reorientation in all domains. At 1-hour post-seizure, most patients were clinically reoriented, while their EEG had only partly restored.

Conclusions
We show a relationship between postictal EEG restoration and clinical reorientation after ECT-induced seizures. EEG was more sensitive than reorientation time in all domains to detect postictal recovery beyond 1-hour post-seizure. Our findings indicate that clinical reorientation probably depends on gradual cortical synaptic recovery, with longer seizure duration leading to longer postsynaptic suppression after ECT seizures.
Effects of psychedelic microdosing versus conventional ADHD medication use on emotion regulation, empathy, and ADHD symptoms in adults with severe ADHD symptoms: A naturalistic prospective comparison study
Authors: Haijen Eline C.H.M. , Hurks Petra P.M. , Kuypers Kim P.C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often struggle with emotion regulation (ER), impacting their empathic skills and relationships. ADHD medication might not be as effective for ER issues as for ADHD symptoms. Microdosing (MD) psychedelics has shown promise for ADHD treatment and previous studies reported social-emotional benefits. Two online prospective studies investigated MD effects on ER and empathy in adults with severe ADHD symptoms across three assessments: baseline, two-, and four-week post-initiation. Study 1 examined adults initiating MD on their own (n = 233, n = 64, and n = 44) and found positive effects on ER (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) and aspects of empathy (perspective-taking and personal distress). Study 2, including a control group and an ADHD symptom scale, compared individuals only MD (n = 180, n = 50, and n = 38) to individuals using conventional ADHD medication (n = 37, n = 27, and n = 28). After 4 weeks, ADHD symptoms were lower in the MD group. Only improvements in expressive suppression persisted after adding the control group. This study indicates the positive effects of MD psychedelics on ADHD symptoms and ER in adults with severe ADHD symptoms while lacking evidence for effects on empathy.
Improving Time to Antibiotic Administration for Pediatric Oncology Patients With New-Onset Fever
Authors: Smith Wesley T. , Read Jay , Agarwal Shreya , Tian Gengwen , Anum Shaniqua J. , Choe Michelle , Kurtz Kristen , Tlais Dana , Shen Xiaofan , Sarro Jill , Looney Thomas , Porea Timothy , Sauer Hannah , Brackett Julienne , Okcu M. Fatih , Chintagumpala Murali 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE Time to antibiotic administration (TTA) in <60 minutes for children with neutropenic fever presenting to an emergency room is associated with reduced incidence of sepsis and intensive care admission. As such, TTA is used as a national quality metric for pediatric oncology patients. At our center, in 2020, 19% of the hospitalized patients with a new fever encounter were receiving antibiotics in <60 minutes, prompting a multidisciplinary approach to reach a goal of >90% in all pediatric patients with cancer with a new fever. METHODS A multidisciplinary team completed four Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles between March 2021 and September 2023. We implemented education initiatives, an updated handoff smartphrase guiding the on-call team, an antibiotic champion (AC) nursing role, a revised fever plan for handoff, a rapid-response team to address new fevers, and an algorithm for blood culture collection. Data were collected, analyzed, and reported biweekly with feedback sought for delays in TTA. RESULTS There was a total of 639 new fevers in 329 unique oncology patients. As of September 4, 2023, average TTA decreased from 89 minutes at baseline to 46.4 minutes for more than 12 months. The percentage of patients receiving first dose of antibiotic in <60 minutes also increased from 19% to 93.7%, which was sustained as well. The most effective interventions were creation of the AC role and streamlining the blood culture collection process. CONCLUSION This project demonstrates the importance of multidisciplinary involvement for providing optimal care. Specific implementation of targeted education, an AC role, and development of an algorithm streamlining the processes led to meaningful targeted improvements. Further analyses will explore the impact of these interventions on patient outcomes.
Activity of Tepotinib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma With High-Level MET Amplification: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence
Authors: Qin Shukui , Pan Hongming , Blanc Jean Frédéric , Grando Véronique , Lim Ho Yeong , Chang Xin Ying , O'Brate Aurora , Stroh Christopher , Friese-Hamim Manja , Albers Joachim , Johne Andreas , Faivre Sandrine 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE MET amplification ( METamp) has been reported in 1%-5% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and may be sensitive to MET inhibition. Tepotinib, a selective MET inhibitor, has shown promising activity in HCC with MET overexpression. We investigated the preclinical and clinical activity of tepotinib in HCC with METamp ( MET gene copy number [GCN] ≥5), including high-level METamp ( MET GCN ≥10). METHODS Preclinical antitumor activity of tepotinib 100 mg/kg (orally, days 1-5, every 7 days, 3-5 weeks; 3-12 replicates) was evaluated according to METamp status, as determined using the nCounter platform (NanoString), in 37 HCC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) in immunodeficient mice. Clinical outcomes were evaluated in patients with METamp by fluorescence in situ hybridization who received tepotinib 500 mg (450 mg active moiety) in two phase Ib/II trials in HCC with MET overexpression. RESULTS Across the PDX models, tepotinib induced complete or near-complete tumor regression in the only two models with high-level METamp. Median tumor volume reductions were 100% and 99.8% in models with MET GCN 47.1 and 44.0, respectively. Across the two clinical trials, 15/121 patients had METamp. Disease control was achieved by 11/15 patients with METamp (complete response [CR], n = 1; partial response [PR], n = 4; stable disease [SD], n = 6) and 4/4 with high-level METamp (CR, n = 1; PR, n = 2; SD, n = 1). All three patients with high-level METamp and objective response received treatment for >1 year, including one patient who received first-line tepotinib for >6 years. CONCLUSION High-level METamp may be an oncogenic driver in HCC that is sensitive to MET inhibitors such as tepotinib.