bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The long-term effects of COVID-19 on pulmonary status and quality of life
Authors: Alahmari Ayedh , Krishna Gokul , Jose Ann Mary , Qoutah Rowaida , Hejazi Aya , Abumossabeh Hadeel , Atef Fatima , Almutiri Alhanouf , Homoud Mazen , Algarni Saleh , AlAhmari Mohammed , Alghamdi Saeed , Alotaibi Tareq , Alwadeai Khalid , Alhammad Saad , Alahmari Mushabbab 
Published: December 2023

Background
Few studies have looked at how SARS-CoV-2 affects pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life over time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate these characteristics in post COVID-19 subjects 1 year after recovery.

Methods
The study included two groups. The case group included post COVID-19 subjects who had recovered after a year, and the control group included healthy participants who had never tested positive for COVID-19.

Results
The study screened 90 participants, 42 of whom met the eligibility criteria. The findings revealed that the majority of post COVID-19 subjects had relatively normal lung function 1-year post-recovery. A significant reduction in DLCO (B/P%) was observed in the case group vs. control. The exercise capacity test revealed a clinically significant difference in distance walked and a significant difference in the dyspnea post-walk test in the case group compared to the control group. The case group’s health-related quality of life domain scores were significantly affected in terms of energy/fatigue, general health, and physical function.

Conclusions
The post COVID-19 subjects were shown to have well-preserved lung function after 1 year. However, some degree of impairment in diffusion capacity, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life remained.
Evaluation of Acute Toxicity and Phytochemical Analysis of Gliricidia sepium and Xylopia aethiopica Extracts
Authors: Ruth Lidji Casilde Jessica Sintes , Eric-Kevin Bolou Gbouhoury , Ange Konan Gbê Kouakou N’Dri , David N’guessan Jean 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Gliricidia sepium and Xylopia aethiopica are frequently utilized in traditional medicine in Ivory Coast. To mitigate potential risks associated with their uninformed use, it is crucial to assess their safety levels. This study was aimed at evaluating the acute toxicity and analyzing the phytochemicals in ethanolic extracts of Gliricidia sepium leaf and Xylopia aethiopica fruit.
Materials and Methods: Triphytochemistry was carried out using staining and precipitation methods. While the Metabolite determinations were conducted via spectrophotometry. The assessment of acute toxicity followed the OECD protocol 423, employing female rats of the Wistar strain.
Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed that Ethanolic extracts of Xylopia aethiopica fruit (XAF) contains 7.72% polyphenols, 4.09% alkaloids, 0.34% tannins, 0.12% saponins, and 0.001% terpenoids. In comparison, Gliricidia sepium leaf (GSL) exhibited levels of 7.49% polyphenols, 3.41% alkaloids, 0.47% tannins, 0.01% saponins, and 0.51% terpenoids. The acute toxicity study demonstrated the absence of mortality and major toxicity issues at maximum doses of 5000 mg/kg body weight.
Conclusion: Ethanolic extracts of XAF and GSL, do not exhibit any acute toxic effect and they both contain some phytochemicals. This validates the frequent utilization and provides assurance to communities usings these plants.
Race and Ethnicity of Infants Enrolled in Neonatal Clinical Trials
Authors: Lyle Allison N. J. , Shaikh Henna , Oslin Ellie , Gray Megan M. , Weiss Elliott Mark 
Published: December 2023

ImportanceRepresentativeness of populations within neonatal clinical trials is crucial to moving the field forward. Although racial and ethnic disparities in research inclusion are well documented in other fields, they are poorly described within neonatology.ObjectiveTo describe the race and ethnicity of infants included in a sample of recent US neonatal clinical trials and the variability in this reporting.Evidence ReviewA systematic search of US neonatal clinical trials entered into Cochrane CENTRAL 2017 to 2021 was conducted. Two individuals performed inclusion determination, data extraction, and quality assessment independently with discrepancies adjudicated by consensus.FindingsOf 120 studies with 14 479 participants that met the inclusion criteria, 75 (62.5%) included any participant race or ethnicity data. In the studies that reported race and ethnicity, the median (IQR) percentage of participants of each background were 0% (0%-1%) Asian, 26% (9%-42%) Black, 3% (0%-12%) Hispanic, 0% (0%-0%) Indigenous (eg, Alaska Native, American Indian, and Native Hawaiian), 0% (0%-0%) multiple races, 57% (30%-68%) White, and 7% (1%-21%) other race or ethnicity. Asian, Black, Hispanic, and Indigenous participants were underrepresented, while White participants were overrepresented compared with a reference sample of the US clinical neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) population from the Vermont Oxford Network. Many participants were labeled as other race or ethnicity without adequate description. There was substantial variability in terms and methods of reporting race and ethnicity data. Geographic representation was heavily skewed toward the Northeast, with nearly one-quarter of states unrepresented.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that neonatal research may perpetuate inequities by underrepresenting Asian, Black, Hispanic, and Indigenous neonates in clinical trials. Studies varied in documentation of race and ethnicity, and there was regional variation in the sites included. Based on these findings, funders and clinical trialists are advised to consider a 3-point targeted approach to address these issues: prioritize identifying ways to increase diversity in neonatal clinical trial participation, agree on a standardized method to report race and ethnicity among neonatal clinical trial participants, and prioritize the inclusion of participants from all regions of the US in neonatal clinical trials.
Prescriptions for Buprenorphine in Michigan Following an Education Intervention
Authors: Chen Liying , Sethi Sheba , Poland Cara , Frank Christopher , Tengelitsch Elizabeth , Goldstick Jason , Sussman Jeremy B. , Bohnert Amy S. B. , Lin Lewei (Allison) 
Published: December 2023

ImportanceBuprenorphine is an underused treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) that can be prescribed in general medical settings. Founded in 2017, the Michigan Opioid Collaborative (MOC) is an outreach and educational program that aims to address clinician and community barriers to buprenorphine access; however, the association between the MOC and buprenorphine treatment is unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between MOC service use and county-level temporal trends of density of buprenorphine prescribers and patients receiving buprenorphine.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study exploited staggered implementation of MOC services across all Michigan counties. Difference-in-difference analyses were conducted by applying linear fixed-effects regression across all counties to estimate the overall association of MOC engagement with outcomes and linear regression for each MOC-engaged county separately to infer county-specific results using data from May 2015 to August 2020. Analyses were conducted from September 2021 to November 2023.ExposuresMOC engagement.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCounty-level monthly numbers of buprenorphine prescribers and patients receiving buprenorphine (per 100 000 population).ResultsAmong 83 total counties, 57 counties (68.7%) in Michigan were engaged by MOC by 2020, with 3 (3.6%) initiating engagement in 2017, 19 (22.9%) in 2018, 27 (32.5%) in 2019, and 8 (9.6%) in 2020. Michigan is made up of 83 counties with a total population size of 9 990 000. A total of 5 070 000 (50.8%) were female, 1 410 000 (14.1%) were African American or Black, 530 000 (5.3%) were Hispanic or Latino, and 7 470 000 (74.7%) were non-Hispanic White. The mean (SD) value of median age across counties was 44.8 (6.4). The monthly increases in buprenorphine prescriber numbers in the preengagement (including all time points for nonengaged counties) and postengagement periods were 0.07 and 0.39 per 100 000 population, respectively, with the absolute difference being 0.33 (95% CI, 0.12-0.53) prescribers per 100 000 population (P = .002). The numbers of patients receiving buprenorphine increased by an average of 0.6 and 7.15 per 100 000 population per month in preengagement and postengagement periods, respectively, indicating an estimated additional 6.56 (95% CI, 2.09-11.02) patients receiving buprenorphine per 100 000 population (P = .004) monthly increase after engagement compared with before.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study measuring buprenorphine prescriptions in Michigan over time, counties’ engagement in OUD-focused outreach and clinician education services delivered by a multidisciplinary team was associated with a temporal increase in buprenorphine prescribers and patients receiving buprenorphine.
Böden, das vierdimensionale Naturobjekt
Authors: Stahr Karl 
Published: December 2023

Das Wissen über die Bodenfruchtbarkeit wird seit alters her dokumentiert. Dabei wird sie häufig an Bodenmerkmale gebunden. Böden sind Körper, ohne dass ihre Dimensionen bis ins 12. Jahrhundert (Hildegard von Bingen) problematisiert wurden. Den größten Fortschritt verdanken wir V. V. Docuchajev (1883), der Böden als Naturkörper beschreibt und die bodenbildenden Faktoren einschließlich der Zeit aufzeigt. Diese Theorie wird von Hans Jenny (1941) vollendet. Heute wissen wir, dass der Faktor Zeit den Zustand der Bodeneigenschaften und den Fortschritt der Bodenentwicklung am maßgeblichsten bestimmt.
Effects of temperature on viral load, inclusion body formation, and host response in Pacific Herring with viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN)
Authors: Salzer J. E. , Greer J. B. , Groner M. L. , MacKenzie A. H. , Gregg J. L. , Hershberger P. K. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of temperature on viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN) progression under controlled conditions. Secondarily, this study was intended to evaluate the combined effects of temperature and VEN on the Pacific Herring Clupea palasii transcriptome.

Methods
The effects of temperature on VEN progression were assessed by waterborne exposure of laboratory-reared, specific-pathogen-free Pacific Herring to tissues homogenates containing erythrocytic necrosis virus (ENV) at 6.9, 9.0, or 13.5°C.

Result
Exposure of Pacific Herring to ENV resulted in the establishment of infections characterized by high infection prevalence (89%; 40/45) and mean viral loads (5.5 log10[gene copies/μg genomic DNA]) in kidney tissues at 44 days postexposure. Mean viral loads were significantly higher in fish from the ambient (mean = 9.0°C) and warm (mean = 13.5°C) treatments (6.1–6.2 log10[gene copies/total genomic DNA]) than in fish from the cool (mean = 6.9°C) treatment (4.3 log10[gene copies/μg genomic DNA]). Similarly, the peak proportion of diseased fish was directly related to temperature, with cytoplasmic inclusion bodies detected in 21% of fish from the cool treatment, 52% of fish from the ambient treatment, and 60% of fish from the warm treatment. The mean VEN load in each fish (enumerated as the percentage of erythrocytes with cytoplasmic inclusions) at 44 days postexposure increased with temperature from 15% in the cool treatment to 36% in the ambient treatment and 32% in the warm treatment. Transcriptional analysis indicated that the number of differentially expressed genes among ENV-exposed Pacific Herring increased with temperature, time postexposure, and viral load. Correlation network analysis of transcriptomic data showed robust activation of interferon and viral immune responses in the hepatic tissue of infected individuals independent of other experimental variables.

Conclusion
Results from this controlled laboratory study, combined with previous observations of natural epizootics in wild populations, support the conclusion that temperature is an important disease cofactor for VEN in Pacific Herring.
Synchronous Densification and Conductivity Modulation of Nano‐Titanate for Pseudocapacitive Li‐ion Storage
Authors: Zhu Xiaobo , She Qin , Wang Mao , Wang Zhiliang , Hu Yuxiang , Yuan Du , Sun Yongqi , Schülli Tobias U. , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNanostructured electrode materials have attracted enormous attention because of their kinetic advantages endorsed by nanoscale regime. Densification is required to improve their volumetric densities for practical applications but is challenged by the loss of kinetic features. In this work, a nano‐densification strategy is developed by co‐sintering nanosized titanate with a phosphate agent and acid‐treated carbon black. Experimental studies reveal that the formation of Ti─O─P bonds energetically facilitates the dissociation of crystal water in titanate, enabling lower‐temperature consolidation of the nanostructures that avoids grain growth. Simultaneously, phosphorylation improves charge carrier concentration and electron conductivity of the titanate. Together with the incorporation of hydrophilic carbon black, the treated nano‐titanate electrode reaches a bulk‐level compaction density of 2.35 g cm−3. As an anode for Li‐ion batteries, the densified electrode shows improved electrochemical performance with a specific capacity of 88.4 mA h g−1 at 20 A g−1. When pairing with a high‐voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode, the hybrid device demonstrates an outstanding combination of energy and power densities.Open access publishing facilitated by The University of Queensland, as part of the Wiley ‐ The University of Queensland agreement via the Council of Australian University Librarians.
Enhancement of Interfacial Properties by Indoloquinoxaline‐Based Small Molecules for Highly Efficient Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yong Jihye , Lee Yu Kyung , Park Hansol , Muthu Senthilkumar , Shin Juhwan , Whang Dong Ryeol , Kim Bong‐Gi , Chang Dong Wook , Park Hui Joon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInterfacial engineering in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted significant attention, aiming to achieve high‐performing and highly stable devices. Here, newly designed organic small molecules based on quinoxaline and triphenylamine for inverted type wide‐bandgap PSCs are introduced, with the objective of enhancing the interfacial properties between perovskite and NiOx hole transport layer (HTL). The incorporation of an organic interlayer effectively reduces the energy level offset between the HTL and wide‐bandgap perovskite, while passivating defects within the perovskite layer. It leads to improved charge extraction and minimized non‐radiative recombination at the interface. Furthermore, the enhanced interfacial characteristics and hydrophobicity contribute to the improvement of perovskite film quality, resulting in larger grain size and higher crystallinity. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSC is enhanced from 18.9% to 20.1% with the incorporation of the IQTPAFlu interlayer, accompanied by an increase in Voc to ≈1.3 V, achieving a significantly low Voc deficit of 0.46 V. And the IQTPAFlu‐based devices demonstrate stable and consistent performance over 500 h, with ≈91% of their initial PCE retained. The highly stable wide‐bandgap PSCs, characterized by high Voc and PCEs, hold great promise as potential candidates for tandem solar cells.
Oriented Heterodimensional Perovskite Crystals for Self‐Powered X‐Ray Detection with Reduced Dark Current and Anisotropic Response
Authors: Zhang Xinyuan , Song Xin , Abulikemu Mutalifu , Shao Bingyao , Chen Shulin , Gutiérrez‐Arzaluz Luis , Si Gaoshoutong , Ahmad Taimoor , Wu Wentao , Mohammed Omar F. , Bakr Osman M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractX‐ray detectors utilizing 2D/3D heterodimensional perovskites have achieved great success. However, the labile nature of halide perovskites generally results in structures with random orientations and interfaces, which in turn increases the dark noise of X‐ray detectors, hindering their use in low‐dose X‐ray detection. Here, it is shown that both anisotropy and ultralow dark current can be achieved in self‐powered X‐ray detectors using well‐oriented 2D/3D heterodimensional perovskite crystals (HPCs). A halide diffusion‐promoted welding approach is devised to create the oriented HPCs, enabling two distinct configurations: A lateral orientation where the inorganic frameworks of the two phases are perpendicular, and a vertical orientation with parallel inorganic slabs. The different crystalline orientations produce unique anisotropic X‐ray detecting performance of 2D/3D HPCs, with a large anisotropic ratio of 4. Moreover, a self‐powered X‐ray detector using vertical HPC exhibits a greatly suppressed dark current density of 0.17 nA cm−2 and a low detection limit of 77 nGyair s−1, enabling high‐resolution X‐ray imaging. In contrast, the lateral devices show higher X‐ray sensitivity (1850 µC Gyair−1cm−2) at zero bias. This work reveals the interplay between crystalline orientation and X‐ray detection performance, opening new possibilities for developing low‐cost, low‐noise X‐ray detectors.
Fast and Facile Liquid Metal Printing via Projection Lithography for Highly Stretchable Electronic Circuits
Authors: Wu Dong , Wu Shuwang , Narongdej Poom , Duan Sidi , Chen Chi , Yan Yichen , Liu Zixiao , Hong Wen , Frenkel Imri , He Ximin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSoft electronic circuits are crucial for wearable electronics, biomedical technologies, and soft robotics, requiring soft conductive materials with high conductivity, high strain limit, and stable electrical performance under deformation. Liquid metals (LMs) have become attractive candidates with high conductivity and fluidic compliance, while effective manufacturing methods are demanded. Digital light processing (DLP)‐based projection lithography is a high‐resolution and high‐throughput printing technique for primarily polymers and some metals. If LMs can be printed with DLP as well, the entire soft devices can be fabricated by one printer in a streamlined and highly efficient process. Herein, fast and facile DLP‐based LM printing is achieved. Simply with 5–10 s of patterned ultraviolet (UV)‐light exposure, a highly conductive and stretchable pattern can be printed using a photo‐crosslinkable LM particle ink. The printed eutectic gallium indium traces feature high resolution (≈20 µm), conductivity (3 × 106 S m−1), stretchability (≈2500%), and excellent stability (consistent performance at different deformation). Various patterns are printed in diverse material systems for broad applications including stretchable displays, epidermal strain sensors, heaters, humidity sensors, conformal electrodes for electrography, and multi‐layer actuators. The facile and scalable process, excellent performance, and diverse applications ensure its broad impact on soft electronic manufacturing.
Efficient Thermo‐Spin Conversion in van der Waals Ferromagnet FeGaTe
Authors: Liu Shuhan , Hu Shaojie , Cui Xiaomin , Kimura Takashi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent discovery of 2D van der Waals magnetic materials has spurred progress in developing advanced spintronic devices. A central challenge lies in enhancing the spin‐conversion efficiency for building spin‐logic or spin‐memory devices. Here, the anomalous Hall and Nernst effects are systematically investigated to uncover significant spin‐conversion effects in above‐room‐temperature van der Waals ferromagnet FeGaTe with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The anomalous Hall effect demonstrates an efficient electric spin‐charge conversion with a notable spin Hall angle of over 6%. In addition, the anomalous Nernst effect produces a significant transverse voltage at room temperature without a magnetic field, displaying unique temperature dependence with a maximum transverse Seebeck coefficient of 440 nV K−1 and a Nernst angle of ≈62%. Such an innovative thermoelectric signal arises from the efficient thermo‐spin conversion effect, where the up‐spin and down‐spin electrons move in opposite directions under a temperature gradient. The present study highlights the potential of FeGaTe to enhance thermoelectric devices through efficient thermo‐spin conversion without the need for a magnetic field.
Intracavitary Spraying of Nanoregulator‐Encased Hydrogel Modulates Cholesterol Metabolism of Glioma‐Supportive Macrophage for Postoperative Glioblastoma Immunotherapy
Authors: Dong Yuanmin , Zhang Jing , Wang Yan , Zhang Yulin , Rappaport Daniella , Yang Zhenmei , Han Maosen , Liu Ying , Fu Zhipeng , Zhao Xiaotian , Tang Chunwei , Shi Chongdeng , Zhang Daizhou , Li Dawei , Ni Shilei , Li Anning , Cui Jiwei , Li Tao , Sun Peng , Benny Ofra , Zhang Cai , Zhao Kun , Chen Chen , Jiang Xinyi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is notoriously resistant to immunotherapy due to its intricate immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Dysregulated cholesterol metabolism is implicated in the TME and promotes tumor progression. Here, it is found that cholesterol levels in GBM tissues are abnormally high, and glioma‐supportive macrophages (GSMs), an essential “cholesterol factory”, demonstrate aberrantly hyperactive cholesterol metabolism and efflux, providing cholesterol to fuel GBM growth and induce CD8+ T cells exhaustion. Bioinformatics analysis confirms that high 7‐dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) level in GBM tissues associates with increased cholesterol biosynthesis, suppressed tumoricidal immune response, and poor patient survival, and DHCR7 expression level is significantly elevated in GSMs. Therefore, an intracavitary sprayable nanoregulator (NR)‐encased hydrogel system to modulate cholesterol metabolism of GSMs is reported. The degradable NR‐mediated ablation of DHCR7 in GSMs effectively suppresses cholesterol supply and activates T‐cell immunity. Moreover, the combination of Toll‐like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonists significantly promotes GSM polarization to antitumor phenotypes and ameliorates the TME. Treatment with the hybrid system exhibits superior antitumor effects in the orthotopic GBM model and postsurgical recurrence model. Altogether, the findings unravel the role of GSMs DHCR7/cholesterol signaling in the regulation of TME, presenting a potential treatment strategy that warrants further clinical trials.
Homogeneous Repair of Highly Degraded Ni‐Rich Cathode Material with Spent Lithium Anode
Authors: Shi Ruyu , Zheng Nengzhan , Ji Haocheng , Zhang Mengtian , Xiao Xiao , Ma Jun , Chen Wen , Wang Junxiong , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Zhou Guangmin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDirect regeneration of spent lithium‐ion batteries has received wide attention owing to its potential for resource reuse and environmental benefits. The repair effect of direct regeneration methods undergoing heterogeneous repair process is usually inferior, while homogenous repair process plays a vital role to achieve satisfactory repair results. However, the practical applications of current homogeneous repair methods are challenged by the complex operations and relatively high costs owing to the requirement of additional heating or pressurization. Herein, this work proposes a simple strategy to achieve homogeneous repair of spent cathode materials under relatively mild conditions by uniformly precoating lithium source at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Followed by annealing, highly degraded LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05O2 with severe Li deficiency and irreversible phase transition is repaired to have an initial capacity of 181.6 mAh g‐1 and capacity retention of 80.7% after 150 cycles at 0.5 C. The lithium source used in this strategy is from the spent lithium anode. Moreover, this strategy is suitable for the direct regeneration of various layer oxide cathode materials with different failure degrees. This work provides both theoretical guidance and practical examples for the straightforward, effective, and universally applicable direct regeneration methods.