bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing radiologic technologists’ commitment to radiation protective equipment utilization in fluoroscopy units: an analysis using the health belief model scale
Authors: Shubayr N. 
Published: December 2023

Objective: This study aimed to assess the perceptions of radiologic technologists towards the use of radiation protective equipment (RPE) in fluoroscopy units and to identify the Health Belief Model constructs, “perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy”, that predict RPE utilization among radiologic technologists.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 228 radiologic technologists in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that included socio-demographic characteristics, frequency of RPE utilization, and the Health Belief Model. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of RPE utilization.
Results: The findings indicate that 63% of radiologic technologists reported always being committed to using RPE, while 37% reported not fully committed. Perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy showed significant associations with RPE utilization between the two groups of radiologic technologists: those who always use RPE and those who are not fully committed (p < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that perceived benefits were a significant predictor of RPE utilization (AOR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.60–0.67, p = 0.009), and type of hospital was also a significant predictor (AOR=0.09, 95% CI: 0.1–0.97, p = 0.047).
Conclusion: The study highlights the need for interventions to improve the consistent use of RPE among radiologic technologists in fluoroscopy units. Emphasizing the importance of RPE usage, addressing barriers, and providing adequate cues to action can help enhance radiologic technologists’ commitment to using RPE and reduce radiation exposure risks. Tailoring interventions to the specific hospital setting and considering the perceived benefits of using RPE are crucial for promoting a culture of safety and accountability in different healthcare settings.
Trilateral versus Bilateral Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion in Frozen Elephant Trunk: A Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Salem Razan , Van Linden Arnaud , Hlavicka Jan , Karimian-Tabrizi Afsaneh , Ischewski Ina , Walther Thomas , Holubec Tomas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective Spinal cord injury (SCI) with subsequent paraplegia and/or stroke after arch repair with frozen elephant trunk (FET) remain the most devastating complications. In this study, we aim to examine the impact of different cerebral perfusion strategies on the neurological outcome comparing bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (bACP) and trilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (tACP).
Methods Between 2009 and 2021, 88 patients underwent total arch replacement using a hybrid prosthesis in FET technique for acute (40.4%) and chronic (59.6%) aortic pathologies. After excluding 14 patients who underwent FET with unilateral ACP the remaining 74 patients were divided into two groups. Propensity score matching was performed based on pre- and perioperative patient characteristics resulting in 22 patients in each group. The primary endpoint was a combination of major cerebral event and SCI. Secondary end point was all-cause mortality.
Results Major cerebral events occurred in 9% of the patients in bACP versus 13.6% in tACP group (p = 0.63). No postoperative SCI was observed in patients with bACP and only one patient suffered SCI with tACP (p = 0.31). There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between the two groups (22.7% in bACP vs. 13.6% in tACP; p = 0.43).
Conclusion In patients undergoing total aortic arch repair using FET technique, both perfusion strategies (bilateral and trilateral ACP) are safe and effective. The rates of neurological complications as well as mortalities are acceptably low in both groups. Further studies with larger patient cohorts are warranted.
The Comparison of Fracture Resistance between Low Translucent and Ultra-High Translucent Monolithic Zirconia Crown
Authors: Tanudjaja Pratama Kesuma , Bonifacius Setyawan , Rikmasari Rasmi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective From the beginning of its discovery, the monolithic zirconia crown was highlighted for its remarkable strength; therefore, only available in opaque color. During the past decade, the translucent monolithic zirconia crown was manufactured to meet the aesthetic and restoration demand but was thought to be the cause of decreasing its strength. This study aimed to compare the fracture resistance between two types of translucent monolithic zirconia crowns, that is, low translucent monolithic zirconia (LT) and ultra-high translucent monolithic zirconia (UHT).
Material and Methods The premolar crown model was prepared using a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system, producing 1 mm of thickness. Ten crown samples were divided into LT and UHT. Then, each sample was measured for its fracture resistance using Universal Testing Machine until a fracture occurred. The differences in fracture resistance were analyzed using an independent t-test with p < 0.05.
Result The LT showed a higher fracture resistance than UHT (p < 0.05).
Conclusion The LT monolithic zirconia crown has strength and can be used for posterior crown restoration.
Effectiveness of Video-Based Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of COVID-19 Health Care Workers: Lesson for Future Pandemic Preparedness
Authors: Gupta Surbhi , Goswami Binita , Madhu S.V. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
As we have seen from the previous health emergencies, most recently the COVID-19 pandemic, public health education is often the first line of defense in any disease prevention. Through a short educational video intervention, this study aims to improve the awareness regarding COVID-19 infection control practices to be followed in a clinical laboratory.

Methods
An online pre- and posttest survey was conducted. After pretest, an educational video was shared among the study participants followed by post test survey. This questionnaire contains items on three domains: knowledge, safe laboratory practices, and attitude.

Results
Significant improvement occurred in all three domains in study participants post educational intervention.

Conclusion
Simple educational video intervention can substantially improve the readiness of frontline workers to deal with any kind of pandemic situation.
Medical Students' Performances Using Different Assessment Methods during the Final Examination in Internal Medicine at the University of Benghazi, Libya
Authors: Buzaid Najat , Lawgaly Sami A. , Alawgali Saleh M. , Albash Amina , Alfakhri Mousa 
Published: December 2023

Background Distinctive evaluation tools assess diverse fields of learning that considerably impact the learning process.
Objective To compare and correlate the performances of undergraduate final year medical students in written, clinical, and viva examinations in the subject of internal medicine.
Methods This is a retrospective study. After authority approval, data was collected from final year examination results during 2019 to 2020. All the students of the medical school at University of Benghazi were included in this study. Their gender and their written, clinical, viva, and total scores were included. Data were coded and transferred from Excel to SPSS version 24 and expressed as frequencies and percentages. Chi-squared analysis was performed to test for differences in the proportions of categorical variables between two or more groups. Odd ratio (OR) is used to calculate the odds of passing the subject based on scores in different types of exams. Person's correlation (R) is used to evaluate the consistency of students' performances in different examinations. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered the cut-off value of significant.
Results The total number of students was 679, out of which 499 (73.5%) were females and 180 (26.5%) were males. The total number of students who passed the course was 422 (62%) with no significant differences between males and females. A statistically significant (p < 0.001) greater percentage of students achieved a passing score in clinical assessment (502 [73.9%]), followed by viva assessment (458.0 [67.5%]). The students performed the worse in written examination with only 291/679 (43%) students passing the examination, with no gender-based differences. There was a highly significant association between the total score of students who passed the subject and their scores in the written examination with an OR of 2.3 (p < 0.001). Viva examination and total score OR was 0.79 with no significant differences for males or females. On the contrary, there was a statistically significant negative association between clinical exams and total scores of students who passed the subject (OR = 0.58). There was a highly significant correlation (p < 0.001) between written examination and viva examination (R = 0.638), between written examination and clinical examination (R = 0.629), and between clinical and viva examinations (R = 0.763).
Conclusion Students demonstrated higher performance on clinical and viva exams compared with written exams. Additionally, there were no notable disparities in results between male and female students across any of the three exam types. The written exam served as the most reliable indicator of a student's success in the subject. Furthermore, the data revealed a positive correlation between scores on the different exam formats, indicating that students exhibited consistent performance across all modes of evaluation.
Paradigm Shift from Linear Strip to Follicular Unit Excision in Hair Restoration Surgery
Authors: Anastassakis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFollicular unit excision (FUE) is a very effective and valuable modality for obtaining donor hair follicles using manual, motorized, or robotic devices to harvest individual donor follicular units in situ without a linear donor scar or visible scarring making it ideal for patients who wish to wear their hair short and hide signs of surgery. Over the past two decades, FUE has become increasingly popular, and the rising demand for FUE has driven the worldwide market size of hair restoration surgery (HRS) to an unprecedented height.FUE has revolutionized the HRS industry and offers excellent cosmesis and high patient satisfaction. Unfortunately, a large part of the favorable appeal of FUE is due to false claims that it is “minimally invasive,” “scarless,” or “not even surgery.” Most patients opt-in for FUE due to these misconceptions, which are advertised by “black-market” clinics offering low-cost FUE surgery performed by amateur, nonprofessional technicians on unsuspected patients. The technique appears deceptively simple, and many neophyte surgeons falsely believe that the learning curve of FUE is short because the barrier of entry is low and no previous surgical skill is required. Nevertheless, injuries on grafts are extremely easy to occur since FUE is a blind technique and can be minimized only with excellent technique, which takes years to master.FUE actually presents unique challenges for the surgeon and carries potential long-term permanent side effects if not performed properly. The surgeon must have a thorough understanding of the nuances of the FUE surgical technique to ensure consistent graft quality and favorable cosmesis of both donor and recipient areas. Efficient FUE requires dexterity, training, dedication, devotion, enthusiasm, cognitive clarity, scientific knowledge, experience, and an extended learning curve.FUE is an invaluable addition to the armamentarium of a hair restoration surgeon but has to be judiciously performed.
Diverticulitis: A Review of Current and Emerging Practice-Changing Evidence
Authors: Wu Sonia , Al Khaldi Maher , Richard Carole S. , Dagbert François 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAcute diverticulitis represents a common colorectal emergency seen in the Western world. Over time, management of this condition has evolved. This review aims to highlight recent evidence and update current recommendations. Notable evidence has emerged in certain aspects of diverticulitis. This includes disease pathogenesis, as emerging data suggest a potentially greater role for the microbiome and genetic predisposition than previously thought. Acute management has also seen major shifts, where traditional antibiotic treatment may no longer be necessary for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis. Following successful medical management of acute diverticulitis, indications for elective sigmoidectomy have decreased. The benefit of emergency surgery remains for peritonitis, sepsis, obstruction, and acute diverticulitis in certain immunocompromised patients. Routine colonoscopy, once recommended after all acute diverticulitis episodes, has been shown to be beneficial for cancer exclusion in a distinct patient population. Despite advances in research, certain entities remain poorly understood, such as smoldering diverticulitis and symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease. As research in the field expands, paradigm shifts will shape our understanding of diverticulitis, influencing how clinicians approach management and educate patients.
Stoma Complications
Authors: Dawes Aaron J. , Gahagan John V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStoma-related complications are among the most common sources of perioperative morbidity in colorectal surgery. Complications can occur intraoperatively, in the immediate postoperative period, or even months to years after stoma creation. Although some will require urgent surgical intervention, most are treated nonoperatively with a combination of education, appliance adjustment, and behavioral intervention. Optimal management of stoma complications nearly always requires a multidisciplinary team approach, including surgeons, enterostomal therapists, and other allied health professionals, depending on the specific situation. Patients with a functional stoma should be expected to be able to do anything that patients without a stoma can do with minimal exceptions. The treatment of stoma complications therefore centers on improving stoma function and maximizing quality of life. Although timely and comprehensive intervention will result in the resolution of most stoma complications, there is no substitute for preoperative planning and meticulous stoma creation.
Unraveling the dynamics and identifying the “superstars” of R&D alliances in IUR collaboration: a two-mode network analysis in China
Authors: Xing Zeyu , Wang Li , Fang Debin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe collaborations between industry, university, and research institutes have become more relevant with the trend of knowledge commercialization, while whether there exists a “superstar” in R&D alliance networks, who played a key role in the diffusion and transfer of technology and knowledge, remains unexplored. Based on R&D activities information of joint patents in China, this study applied two-mode network analysis to understand the R&D alliance network of the industry-university-research institute (IUR) collaboration. Three types of networks, collaboration networks, knowledge networks, and inter-organizational technology networks among IUR are developed, and their evolution process is analyzed at different levels, including overall structure, individual characteristics, and temporal evolution among IUR. The results show that no permanent superstar is being the dominant position. Distinct modes have been emerging in different periods: in the formation period, the mode is U-R, I-U, U, R, I; in the growth period, the mode is I-R, I-U, I-U-R; in the mature period, the mode is I-U-R. In addition, different technology classes were aggregated in different periods. This paper attempts to provide countermeasures and recommendations for enterprises, universities, and research institutions to enable the success of their collaborations.
Internet-based micro-identities as a driver of societal disintegration
Authors: Kossowska Małgorzata , Kłodkowski Piotr , Siewierska-Chmaj Anna , Guinote Ana , Kessels Ursula , Moyano Manuel , Strömbäck Jesper 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe article discusses the role of digital media use in societal transformations, with a specific focus on the emergence of micro-identities. It also explores the extent to which such transformations entail increasing the risk of societal disintegration—defined as the erosion of established social structures, values, and norms. Our contention is that the distinctive attributes of digital media, coupled with the myriad expanding opportunities of use they afford, harbor the potential to fragment and polarize public discourse. Such tendencies jeopardize public trust in democratic institutions and undermine social cohesion. The intricate interplay between media usage and polarization synergistically contributes to the formation of micro-identities, characterized by their narrow and emergent nature. These micro-identities, in turn, manifest themselves through in-group self-determination often to the detriment of the broader social fabric. Thus, various micro-identities may actively contribute to the actual atrophy of the implicit rules and procedures hitherto deemed the norm within society. By addressing these multifaceted issues, typically confined within distinct disciplinary silos, this analysis adopts a multidisciplinary approach. Drawing from perspectives in political science, sociology, psychology, and media and communication, this paper offers in-depth analyses of the interactions between social processes and media usage. In doing so, it contributes substantively to the ongoing discourse surrounding the factors driving societal disintegration.
Urban open-air chemical sensing using a mobile quantum cascade laser dual-comb spectrometer
Authors: Westberg Jonas , Teng Chu C. , Chen Yifeng , Liu Jie , Patrick Link , Shen Linhan , Soskind Michael , Wysocki Gerard 
Published: December 2023

Detection of airborne chemical releases in densely populated urban environments requires precise sensors with high temporal and spatial resolution capable of covering large areas. For this purpose, we present a mobile mid-infrared quantum cascade laser dual-comb spectrometer for identification and quantification of chemical plumes. Field tests with the remote sensor were conducted during daytime in the downtown Boston area over a five day period during which chemical releases were simulated by intermittently emitting non-toxic substances. Open-air sensing was performed with retroreflectors positioned at up to 230 m distance and with sensitivities in the ppm m range for one second of averaging time. The field campaign demonstrates a step toward a semiconductor dual-comb spectroscopic sensor in the mid-infrared fingerprint region, suitable for long-term deployments. These types of sensors will be valuable complements to existing optical sensors for urban hazardous gas leak monitoring, air quality assessments, and localization of clandestine chemical production.
Significant thermal rectification induced by phonon mismatch of functional groups in a single-molecule junction
Authors: Hua Renjie , Jiang Yunlei , Shi Lei , Liang Suxia , Zhang Chi , Song Yingru , Dong Ruo-Yu , Dong Yuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Single-molecule junctions (SMJs) may bring exotic physical effects. In this work, a significant thermal rectification effect is observed in a cross-dimensional system, comprising a diamond, a single-molecule junction, and a carbon nanotube (CNT). The molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the interfacial thermal resistance varies with the direction of heat flow, the orientation of the crystal planes of the diamond, and the length of the CNT. We find that the thermal rectification ratio escalates with the length of the CNT, achieving a peak value of 730% with the CNT length of 200 nm. A detailed analysis of phonon vibrations suggests that the primary cause of thermal rectification is the mismatched vibrations between the biphenyl and carbonyl groups. This discovery may offer theoretical insights for both the experimental exploration and practical application of SMJs in efficient thermal management strategy for high power and highly integrated chips.
Surface defect detection of sawn timbers based on efficient multilevel feature integration
Authors: Zhu Yuhang , Xu Zhezhuang , Lin Ye , Chen Dan , Zheng Kunxin , Yuan Yazhou 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Surface defect detection of sawn timber is a critical task to ensure the quality of wooden products. Current methods have challenges in considering detection accuracy and speed simultaneously, due to the complexity of defects and the massive length of sawn timbers. Specifically, there are scale variation, large intraclass difference and high interclass similarity in the defects, which reduce the detection accuracy. To overcome these challenges, we propose an efficient multilevel-feature integration network (EMINet) based on YOLOv5s. To obtain discriminative features of defects, the cross fusion module (CFM) is proposed to fully integrate the multilevel features of backbone. In the CFM, the local information aggregation is designed to enrich the detailed information of high-level features, and the global information aggregation is designed to enhance the semantic information of low-level features. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed EMINet achieves better accuracy with fast speed compared with the state-of-the-art methods.
Unsupervised rolling bearing fault diagnosis method across working conditions based on multiscale convolutional neural network
Authors: Fu Haiyue , Yu Di , Zhan Changshu , Zhu Xiangzhen , Xie Zhijie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In practical engineering, the features of rolling bearing vibration signals often vary in distribution under different working conditions, and obtaining sample labels for target working conditions can be challenging. Therefore, a multi-scale depth subdomain adaptive convolutional neural network (MS-DSACNN) fault diagnosis method is proposed. The MS-DSACNN method is based on a multi-scale feature extraction method combined with an improved 1D-ConvNeXt architecture, which fuses low- and high-level features into multi-scale fault features. A channel attention mechanism is also introduced to adaptively assign weights to the fused multi-scale features. The local maximum mean discrepancy is constructed by extracting features and their corresponding source and pseudo-label inputs for the source and target working conditions, respectively, to construct the loss function for backpropagation. The MS-DSACNN model was evaluated in experiments with two different loads and one variable speed dataset. The experimental results indicate that MS-DSACNN has higher feature extraction capability and diagnostic accuracy than other unsupervised cross-condition fault diagnosis techniques. Additionally, the scenario where the signal captured by the sensor contains a considerable amount of noise in actual working conditions is considered.