bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Doorway Positions in English Medieval Parochial Churches and Chapels
Authors: Geoffrey Sedlezky 
Published: October 2023

<p><em>The Significance of Doorway Positions in English Medieval Parochial Churches and Chapels</em> analyses the positions of external church doorways in England to investigate the significance that positioning had for the function and design of these buildings. </p>
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<p>Until the eleventh century, churches tended to have a single external western nave doorway. This design changed in the next two centuries. New churches tended to have north and south, laterally opposing, nave doorways. From the thirteenth century to the end of the Middle Ages, new churches continued the two-doorway trend but typically added western towers and doorways as well. The book also examines chapels, which differed from churches as they had a different function and status. Non-parochial chapels usually had a single southern doorway whilst parochial chapels often had two opposing nave doorways.</p>
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<p>This book proposes that liturgical reasons lay behind the changes both at the turn of the eleventh century and again in the later thirteenth. Gender and clerical segregation are considered in relation to the provision of a second nave doorway in churches and parochial chapels. It is also shown that the widespread idea of the ‘Devil’s Door’ was only developed in the nineteenth century though it had roots in late medieval liturgy. The author concludes that there is a link between the design and function of parochial churches and chapels with the number and attributes of their doorways.</p>
Analysis of phase trajectories for studying the operational evolution of catalytic systems
Authors: Schmidt A. F. , Kurokhtina A. A. , Larina E. V. , Lagoda N. A. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives. To establish details of catalytic systems operation using the kinetic method with no needs for the differentiation of primary experimental kinetic data.Methods. Analysis of the time patterns of differential selectivity and relative reactivity of substrates in parallel or competing reactions was used.Results. For various coupling reactions of aryl halides and nucleophiles, the possibility to obtain the data about the evolution of the catalytic systems and patterns of the changes of catalytically active species under dynamic transformations of several active and inactive catalyst forms was demonstrated.Conclusions. The analysis of the evolution of differential selectivity and relative reactivity under competing or parallel reactions is the useful tool for discrimination between probable hypotheses of complex catalytic process operation.
GENDER REPRESENTATION ANALYSIS IN IGCSE ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE 5TH EDITION TEXTBOOK
Authors: Patty Anthony Rudolf 
Published: October 2023

The ultimate purpose of the study is to examine gender representative aspects of International General Certificate of Secondary Education English as a Second Language 5th Edition textbook published by Cambridge. This study is aimed at analyzing how gender is portrayed through attributes, actions, and activities, employing Brugeilles and Cromer’s theory of gender description. Utilizing Kripendorff’s content analysis and Bowen’s document analysis, the writer carefully identified the images and the texts which contained attributes, actions, and activities. Then, the writer analyzed each text and image in accordance with Brugeilles and Cromer’s theory. The result revelaed that the textbook portrayed both males and females in the form of images and texts. Besides, both males and females are depicted to suit the activities and the actions, as well as attributes, related to Brugeilles and Cromer’s theory. Females are known to wear make-up and powder. They are also known to be meticulous and patient. Also, they now begin to be involved in activities of which were once identical to males. On the other hand, males are identical to field job. They do activities out of the home more frequently. They also take parts in activities that require power and more energy as males are known to have stronger physical aspects than females. This study also offers its limitations and suggested future research of the topic. Future research may administer investigations with applying Brugeilles and Cromer’s theory of gender description in its entirety.
Green Fashion Consumption – a Review of the Literature
Authors: Kemi Arifa Parvin , Zilahy Gyula 
Published: October 2023

The environmentally conscious consumption of fashion products promotes the preservation of natural ecosystems for current and future generations. It may include the purchasing and use of textile products made from organic and sustainable materials, the repair, reuse and recycling of textile products, and the concept of slow fashion. The environmental aspects of fashion products have drawn the attention of both researchers and practitioners in recent years. As a result, many scientific papers have accumulated regarding this vital aspect of consumer behaviour. This paper aims to provide an overview of the literature regarding consumer behaviour toward green fashion products, as well as to uncover and categorise significant driving factors, and in addition, identify the most critical barriers. After identifying the relevant literature, the study examines 104 articles published between 2011 to 2021 in high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarly journals. Our results demonstrate that while most of the reviewed articles employ a quantitative survey questionnaire method to identify the drivers of green textile consumption, qualitative approaches are also used. Most authors utilise the theory of planned behaviour as a foundation of their research. This paper summarises the research problems covered by the selected articles, the theoretical frameworks, the methods used, and their essential findings. We also outline existing research gaps and suggest potential directions for future research. Since there are only a few review articles on green fashion consumption, our article provides an important new addition to the literature for the reference of future scholars.
Peningkatan Kreatifitas Anak Santri Melalui Pelatihan Origami
Authors: Arsyad Muhammad Naharuddin , Khoiroh Iftahatul 
Published: October 2023

Keterampilan origami merupakan salah satu bentuk kesenian melipat kertas yang berasal dari Jepang. Melalui pelatihan membuat origami ini diharapkan para peserta yaitu santri dapat meningkatkan imajinasi dan kreativitasnya sebagai pelajar. Pengenalan origami dilakukan sebagai kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berbasis potensi 2022/2023 yang terlaksana pada tanggal 04 Februari 2023 yang bertempat di Desa Jeru Kecamatan Turen Kabupaten Malang. Kegiatan pengabdian yang diberikan berupa pelatihan yang terdiri dari 3 kegiatan. Pertama adalah memberikan materi tentang pengertian, sejarah, jenis-jenis, dan manfaat origami. Kegiatan kedua adalah pelatihan membuat origami dengan berbagai bentuk. Selanjutnya kegiatan terakhir adalah evaluasi, yang bertujuan untuk memastikan apakah para peserta dapat menyerap materi dengan baik. Kegiatan ini sangat memberikan manfaat bagi anak santri dalam hal meningkatkan kemampuan motorik. Origami juga dapat dijadikan alternatif permainan, dimana permainan keterampilan mulai ditinggalkan akibat keberadaan ponsel dan gawai digital lainnya.
Penyuluhan Tentang Kebersihan Lingkungan Warga Masyarakat dalam Gotong Royong Pembersihan Lingkungan di Area Kantor Desa Ana Goka
Authors: Kondo Martina , Novariyanto Rizki Agung 
Published: October 2023

Kegiatan Pmbp ini berfokus pada peran mahasiswa PPL dalam melaksanakan kegiatan gotong royong. Peran mahasiswa PPL ini dalam melaksanakan kegiatan gotong royong sangat memungkinkan dan mengingat apa yang menjadi kewenangannya, tentunya dapat membangun kesadaran masyarakat desa. Oleh karena itu perlu suatu strategi maupun kebijakan agar dalam pelaksanaanya dapat berjalan dengan baik. Kegiatan PMBP ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan serta peran masyarakat dalam melaksanakan kegiatan gotong royong di Desa Anagouka. Informan penelitian ini adalah kepala desa, Aparat desa, dan warga masyarakat di Desa Anagouka. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah observasi, gotong royong, dan dokumentasi. Hasil yang di dapatkan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan beberapa hal pertama, melalui kegiatan gotong royong bersama aparat desa dan masyarakat desa mali iha, kepedulian masyarakat terhadap mahasiswa ppl dalam membantu melaksanakan kegiatan pmbp, aparatur desa sebagai motivator telah bekerjasama dalam hal ini bersama-sama meningkatkan pembangunan desa dengan pelaksanaan gotong royong, peran aparatur desa sebagai fasilitator cukup membantu masyarakat desa Ana goka, yang menyatakan bahwa kepala desa sangat membantu dalam memecahkan masalah pembangunan desa.
Percutaneous Cholecystostomy is a Feasible and Safe Option for High-Risk Acute Cholecystitis Patients
Authors: AYDINER Ömer , RAŞA Hüseyin Kemal 
Published: October 2023

Objective: The best option for treating high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis is still being determined. We evaluated our high-risk acute cholecystitis patients in whom we preferred percutaneous cholecystostomy and aimed to determine whether this approach was safe and feasible.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our 71 patients in whom we performed percutaneous cholecystostomy between May 2019 and July 2023. All procedures were performed with local anaesthesia under ultrasonographic guidance via the transhepatic route. The catheters were removed when the signs of acute cholecystitis were significantly regressed or when the catheters were found to be ineffective. The catheters of those eligible for surgery were removed during the operations.
Results: All procedures were successful without failure, and no significant complications developed in the post-intervention period. Pain at the catheter insertion site (20 patients) was the leading minor complication, and in one patient, bilioma was detected and percutaneously drained. The procedure was ineffective in 7 patients (9.85%), and the catheters were removed. In 22 patients (31%), interval cholecystectomy surgery was performed. In the subgroup of patients whose catheters were adequate and were not operated (5 patients), the catheters were removed after an average of 27.2 days. The mean length of stay was 9.6 days, and four patients died (5.6%) during the index hospitalization.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that percutaneous cholecystostomy is a feasible, safe and highly effective treatment option for acute cholecystitis in high-risk patients.
Left atrium 4D-flow segmentation with high-resolution contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Kim Hansuk , Wilton Stephen B. , Garcia Julio 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) leads to intracardiac thrombus and an associated risk of stroke. Phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with flow-encoding in all three spatial directions (4D-flow) provides a time-resolved 3D volume image with 3D blood velocity, which brings individual hemodynamic information affecting thrombus formation. As the resolution and contrast of 4D-flow are limited, we proposed a semi-automated 4D-flow segmentation method for the left atrium (LA) using a standard-of-care contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) and registration technique.MethodsLA of 54 patients with AF were segmented from 4D-flow taken in sinus rhythm using two segmentation methods. (1) Phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC-MRA) was calculated from 4D-flow, and LA was segmented slice-by-slice manually. (2) LA and other structures were segmented from CE-MRA and transformed into 4D-flow coordinates by registration with the mutual information method. Overlap of volume was tested by the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and the average symmetric surface distance (ASSD). Mean velocity and stasis were calculated to compare the functional property of LA from two segmentation methods.ResultsLA volumes from segmentation on CE-MRA were strongly correlated with PC-MRA volume, although mean CE-MRA volumes were about 10% larger. The proposed registration scheme resulted in visually successful registration in 76% of cases after two rounds of registration. The mean of DSC of the registered cases was 0.770 ± 0.045, and the mean of ASSD was 2.704 mm ± 0.668 mm. Mean velocity had no significant difference between the two segmentation methods, and mean stasis had a 3.3% difference.ConclusionThe proposed CE-MRA segmentation and registration method can generate segmentation for 4D-flow images. This method will facilitate 4D-flow analysis for AF patients by making segmentation easier and overcoming the limit of resolution.
Comparison of pulmonary vein isolation using cryoballoon, high-power short-duration, and conventional radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: a propensity score-weighted study
Authors: Park Hanjin , Park Je-Wook , Kim Daehoon , Yu Hee Tae , Kim Tae-Hoon , Uhm Jae-Sun , Joung Boyoung , Lee Moon-Hyoung , Hwang Chun , Pak Hui-Nam 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe comparative efficacy, saftey, and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters after pulmonary vein isolation using cryoballoon (Cryo-PVI), high-power short-duration (HPSD-PVI), and conventional radiofrequency ablation (conventional-PVI) for atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear.Materials and methodsIn this propensity score-weighted, retrospective analysis of a single-center cohort, we analyzed 3,395 patients (26.2% female, 74.5% paroxysmal AF) who underwent AF catheter ablation without an empirical left atrial ablation. Procedural factors, recurrence rates, complication rates, and the post-procedural HRV parameters were compared across the Cryo-PVI (n = 625), HPSD-PVI (n = 748), and conventional-PVI (n = 2,022) groups.ResultsDespite the shortest procedural time in the Cryo-PVI group (74 min for Cryo-PVI vs. 104 min for HPSD-PVI vs. 153 min for conventional-PVI, p &lt; 0.001), the major complication (p = 0.906) and clinical recurrence rates were similar across the three ablation groups (weighted log-rank, p = 0.824). However, the Cryo-PVI group was associated with a significantly lower risk of recurrent AF in patients with paroxysmal AF [weighted hazard ratio (WHR) 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37–0.86], whereas it was associated with a higher risk of recurrent AF in patients with persistent AF (WHR 1.41, 95% CI 1.06–1.89, p for interaction of &lt;0.001) compared with the conventional-PVI group. In the subgroup analysis for the HRV, the Cryo-PVI group had the highest low-frequency-to-high-frequency ratio at 1-year post-procedure, whereas the HPSD-PVI group had the lowest low-frequency-to-high-frequency ratio at 1-year post-procedure (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe Cryo-PVI group had better rhythm outcomes in patients with paroxysmal AF but worse rhythm outcomes in patients with persistent AF and a higher long-term post-procedural sympathetic nervous activity and sympatho-vagal balance compared with the conventional-PVI group.
Leaflet thrombosis in transcatheter aortic valve intervention: mechanisms, prevention, and treatment options
Authors: Koren Ofir , Patel Vivek , Chakravarty Tarun , Jilaihawi Hasan , Gupta Aakriti , Sadri Shirin , Makkar Raj R. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionTranscatheter aortic valve intervention (TAVR) has emerged as a promising alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for patients with severe aortic stenosis. However, leaflet thrombosis has raised concerns about the long-term durability and outcomes of TAVR. This study aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms, prevention strategies, and treatment options for leaflet thrombosis in TAVR.Clinical evidenceLeaflet thrombosis refers to the formation of blood clots on bioprosthetic valve leaflets, leading to impaired leaflet mobility, early valve degeneration and dysfunction, and potential clinical implications. While the mechanisms underlying thrombus formation on valve leaflets are not fully understood, several factors, such as altered blood flow patterns within valve neosinuses, prothrombotic surfaces, and patient-related causes, have been implicated. Two distinct entities have been identified, namely, hypoattenuated leaflet thickening and restricted leaflet motion. Their occurrence appears dynamic over time and is related to the valve type. Imaging, including transesophageal echocardiography and multidetector computed tomography, plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and follow-up of leaflet thrombosis.Prevention and treatment optionsPreventing leaflet thrombosis requires a comprehensive and tailored approach involving identifying high-risk patients, close monitoring, and antithrombotic therapy. Antithrombotic therapy with dual antiplatelet agents or anticoagulation is commonly employed in TAVR patients, although the optimal regimen is yet to be defined. Novel antithrombotic agents, such as direct oral anticoagulants, are being investigated for their efficacy and safety in preventing leaflet thrombosis. When leaflet thrombosis is detected, treatment options include intensified antithrombotic therapy, valve-in-valve intervention, or balloon valvuloplasty. The long-term outcomes and impact of leaflet thrombosis on valve durability and patient prognosis are areas of ongoing research.SummaryLeaflet thrombosis in TAVR is a considerable complication affecting valve function and patient outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying thrombus formation and implementing appropriate prevention strategies are essential for mitigating this risk. Treatment options aim to restore leaflet mobility and optimize valve performance. Further research is needed to establish standardized protocols for antithrombotic therapy, identify high-risk patient populations, and determine the long-term consequences of leaflet thrombosis on TAVR outcomes.
Effects of adaptations of a phonics-based reading intervention program on reading and spelling skills of students with intellectual disability who require augmentative and alternative communication
Authors: Linder Anne-Laure , Geyer Megan , Atzemian Myrto , Meuli Natalina , Martinet Catherine , de Chambrier Anne-Françoise , Dessemontet Rachel Sermier 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThis study is an examination of the effects of a series of adaptations made to a phonics-based reading intervention program for students with an intellectual disability (ID). The adaptations were designed to make the program more accessible to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) users. They consisted of using a pointing-response modality to allow participants to give their answers as well as the use of internal speech, which involved performing certain tasks in one’s head because students with complex communication needs could not perform them aloud. Participants also completed reading and spelling activities on an iPad® application.MethodsA multiple-probe-across-participants design was used. Specifically, the adapted reading program’s effects were assessed on reading and spelling skills of three students with ID who were AAC users.ResultsThe outcomes indicate that all three participants improved their reading skills, and two participants also improved their spelling skills.DiscussionThe results and implications for future research are discussed.
Exploring blood metabolites and thyroid disorders: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Zhou Jiating , Xie Zilan , Li Xi , Hu Jiaqing , He Hengzheng , Li Zhi 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundHuman blood metabolites have demonstrated close associations with thyroid disorders in observational studies. However, it’s essential to determine whether these correlations imply causation. Mendelian Randomization (MR) offers a promising approach to investigate these patterns.AimsThe primary aim of our investigation is to establish causality between blood metabolites and three thyroid disorders: TC, GD, and HT.MethodsWe employed a two-sample bidirectional MR analysis approach to assess the relationships between 452 blood metabolites and the three aforementioned thyroid disorders. Causal links were estimated using the IVW method, with sensitivity analyses conducted via MR-Egger, Weighted Median, and MR-PRESSO. We assessed potential heterogeneity and pleiotropy using MR-Egger intercept and Cochran’s Q statistic. Additionally, we conducted pathway analysis to identify potential metabolic pathways.ResultsWe found 46 metabolites that showed suggestive associations with thyroid disease risk, especially Aspartate (ORIVW=7.41; 95%CI: 1.51-36.27; PIVW=0.013) and C-glycosyltryptophan (ORIVW=0.04; 95%CI: 0.00–0.29; PIVW=0.001) impacted TC, Kynurenine (ORIVW=2.69; 95%CI: 1.08–6.66; PIVW=0.032) and 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 2 (ORIVW=0.78; 95%CI: 0.48–0.91; PIVW=0.024) significantly impacted GD, and Alpha-ketoglutarate (ORIVW=46.89; 95%CI: 4.65–473.28; PIVW=0.001) and X-14189–leucylalanine (ORIVW=0.31; 95%CI: 0.15–0.64 PIVW=0.001) significantly impacted HT. We also detected 23 metabolites influenced by TC and GD. Multiple metabolic pathways have been found to be involved in thyroid disease.ConclusionOur MR findings suggest that the identified metabolites and pathways can serve as biomarkers for clinical thyroid disorder screening and prevention, while also providing new insights for future mechanistic exploration and drug target selection.
Association between adipocytokines and diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Yanhua , Fan Huaying , Xie Jing , Xu Yao , Sun Xin 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes. The adipocytokines are closely associated with the occurrence and development of diabetes and its related complications. Literature confirms that the level of adiponectin in patients with DR is significantly higher; however, the relationship between other adipocytokines (leptin, chemerin, apelin, and omentin-1) and DR remains unclear.AimThis study aimed to systematically evaluate the association between adipocytokines (leptin, chemerin, apelin, and omentin-1) and DR.MethodsThe PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO and Willy databases were used to search for potential studies with keywords such as “diabetic retinopathy” or “DR” in combination with the terms “leptin,” “chemerin”, “apelin” or “omentin-1” in the search titles or abstracts. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined as the results of the meta-analysis.ResultsAfter screening, 18 articles were included in the meta-analysis including 750 DR cases and 993 controls. Leptin and chemerin levels in patients with DR were significantly higher than those in the control group (SMD: 0.68, 95% CI [0.1, 1.26]; SMD: 0.79, 95% CI [0.35, 1.23]). The omentin-1 levels in patients with DR were significantly lower than those in the controls (SMD: –0.85, 95% CI [–1.08, –0.62]).ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the leptin, chemerin, apelin, and omentin-1 levels in patients with DR. Further high-quality studies are warranted to support the association between these adipocytokines and DR.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=443770, identifier CRD42023443770.