bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liposomes modified with a multivalent glutamic hexapeptide: A novel and effective way to promote bone targeting
Authors: Zhao Yi , Yang Yang , Cui Yamin , Zhao Ze , Chen Xing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is well known that bone‐related diseases are difficult to treat due to the relatively low blood flow. Therefore, targeting the delivery of drugs to bone may not only improve the therapeutic effect but also reduce the dose. To prepare liposomes, a series of novel multivalent glutamic hexapeptide derivatives were designed and synthesized as liposome ligands, which can effectively deliver paclitaxel (PTX) to bone. The liposomes were prepared and their encapsulation efficiency, particle size, stability, zeta potential, hemolysis, and release behavior were characterized. The results indicated that the coated liposomes, PTX‐Glu61‐Lip, PTX‐Glu62‐Lip, PTX‐Glu63‐Lip, and PTX‐Glu65‐Lip, showed remarkable bone‐targeting activity. Compared with the other coated liposomes, PTX‐Glu65‐Lip showed prominent targeting ability and anti‐bone metastasis activity on the basis of in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Our study may contribute to the field of design of bone‐targeting drugs.
Screening of Environmental Chemicals to Characterize Exposures in Participants With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Lanata Cristina M. , Taylor Kimberly E. , Hurst‐Hopf James , Nititham Joanne , Blazer Ashira , Trupin Laura , Katz Patricia , Dall'Era Maria , Yazdany Jinoos , Chung Sharon A. , Abrahamsson Dimitri , Gerona Roy , Criswell Lindsey A. 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThere is a need to characterize exposures associated with the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this pilot study, we explore a hypothesis‐free approach that can measure thousands of exogenous chemicals in blood (“exposome”) in patients with SLE and unaffected controls.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study analyzed a cohort of patients with prevalent SLE (n = 285) and controls (n = 106). Plasma was analyzed by liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC‐QTOF/MS). Mass spectrometry features present in at least 25% of all samples were selected for association analysis (n = 2,737). Features were matched to potential chemicals using available databases. Association analysis of abundances of features with SLE status was performed, adjusting for age and sex. We also explored features associated with SLE phenotypes, sociodemographic factors, and current medication use.ResultsWe found 30 features significantly associated with SLE status (Bonferroni P < 0.05). Of these, seven matched chemical names based on databases. These seven features included phthalate metabolites, a formetanate metabolite, and eugenol. The abundance of acid pesticides differed between patients with SLE and controls (Bonferroni P < 0.05). Two unmatched features were associated with a history of lupus nephritis, and one with anti–double‐stranded DNA antibody production (Bonferroni P < 0.05). Seventeen features varied by self‐reported race and ethnicity, including a polyfluoroalkyl substance (analysis of variance P < 1.69 × 10−5). Eleven features correlated with antimalarials, 6 with mycophenolate mofetil, and 29 with prednisone use.ConclusionThis proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates that LC‐QTOF/MS is a powerful tool that agnostically detects circulating exogenous compounds. These analyses can generate hypotheses of disease‐related exposures for future prospective, longitudinal studies.image
Incidence of congenital heart disease in fetuses diagnosed with single isolated umbilical artery. Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Solano M. Armicson Felipe , García‐Perdomo Herney Andrés 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the proportion of heart disease in fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of a single isolated umbilical artery.MethodsWe performed a search strategy in MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from inception to the present. We assessed the risk of bias and performed a meta‐analysis. We completed the subgroup analysis according to the region.ResultsWe found 1384 studies by the search strategy. After carefully reviewing the full‐text, 15 studies were included. A total of 2008 fetuses with a single isolated umbilical artery were included, and 177 had cardiac malformations. There was an overall incidence of 9% 95%CI (0.05–0.14) I2 90%. The incidence by country of origin was between 5% and 19%. The most common heart disease reported was a ventricular septal defect. Seven studies were found describing 25 cases. We described other malformations, such as tetralogy of Fallot, coarctation of the aorta, and hypoplastic left ventricle, among others.ConclusionThe incidence of congenital heart disease in fetuses with a single isolated umbilical artery was high. In addition, half of these correspond to significant heart disease. Based on the above, we suggest that fetuses with a single isolated umbilical artery should have a complete anatomic evaluation emphasizing cardiac evaluation.
Microfluidic vascular formation model for assessing angiogenic capacities of single islets
Authors: Nashimoto Yuji , Konno An , Imaizumi Takuto , Nishikawa Kaori , Ino Kosuke , Hori Takeshi , Kaji Hirokazu , Shintaku Hirofumi , Goto Masafumi , Shiku Hitoshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPancreatic islet transplantation presents a promising therapy for individuals suffering from type 1 diabetes. To maintain the function of transplanted islets in vivo, it is imperative to induce angiogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying angiogenesis triggered by islets remain unclear. In this study, we introduced a microphysiological system to study the angiogenic capacity and dynamics of individual islets. The system, which features an open‐top structure, uniquely facilitates the inoculation of islets and the longitudinal observation of vascular formation in in vivo like microenvironment with islet‐endothelial cell communication. By leveraging our system, we discovered notable islet−islet heterogeneity in the angiogenic capacity. Transcriptomic analysis of the vascularized islets revealed that islets with high angiogenic capacity exhibited upregulation of genes related to insulin secretion and downregulation of genes related to angiogenesis and fibroblasts. In conclusion, our microfluidic approach is effective in characterizing the vascular formation of individual islets and holds great promise for elucidating the angiogenic mechanisms that enhance islet transplantation therapy.
Chromosome recombination and modification by LoxP‐mediated evolution in Vibrio natriegens using CRISPR‐associated transposases
Authors: Xu Jiaqi , Sun Yijie , Wu Jianping , Yang Sheng , Yang Lirong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChromosome rearrangement by LoxP‐mediated evolution has emerged as a powerful approach to studying how chromosome architecture impacts phenotypes. However, it relies on the in vitro synthesis of artificial chromosomes. The recently reported CRISPR‐associated transposases (CASTs) held great promise for the efficient insertion of abundant LoxP sites directly onto the genome of wild‐type strains. In this study, with the fastest‐growing bacterium Vibrio natrigens (V. natriegens) as an object, a multiplex genome integration tool derived from CASTs was employed to achieve the insertion of cargo genes at eight specific genomic loci within 2 days. Next, we introduced 30 LoxP sites onto chromosome 2 (Chr2) of V. natriegens. Rigorously induced Cre recombinase was used to demonstrate Chromosome Rearrangement and Modification by LoxP‐mediated Evolution (CRaMbLE). Growth characterization and genome sequencing showed that the ~358 kb fragment on Chr2 was accountable for the rapid growth of V. natriegens. The enabling tools we developed can help identify genomic regions that influence the rapid growth of V. natriegens without a prior understanding of genome mechanisms. This groundbreaking demonstration may also be extended to other organisms such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and so on.
Glucose‐mediated mitochondrial reprogramming by cholesterol export at TM4SF5‐enriched mitochondria‐lysosome contact sites
Authors: Kim Ji Eon , Park So‐Young , Kwak Chulhwan , Lee Yoonji , Song Dae‐Geun , Jung Jae Woo , Lee Haesong , Shin Eun‐Ae , Pinanga Yangie , Pyo Kyung‐hee , Lee Eun Hae , Kim Wonsik , Kim Soyeon , Jun Chang‐Duck , Yun Jeanho , Choi Sun , Rhee Hyun‐Woo , Liu Kwang‐Hyeon , Lee Jung Weon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) translocates subcellularly and functions metabolically, although it is unclear how intracellular TM4SF5 translocation is linked to metabolic contexts. It is thus of interests to understand how the traffic dynamics of TM4SF5 to subcellular endosomal membranes are correlated to regulatory roles of metabolisms.MethodsHere, we explored the metabolic significance of TM4SF5 localization at mitochondria‐lysosome contact sites (MLCSs), using in vitro cells and in vivo animal systems, via approaches by immunofluorescence, proximity labelling based proteomics analysis, organelle reconstitution etc.ResultsUpon extracellular glucose repletion following depletion, TM4SF5 became enriched at MLCSs via an interaction between mitochondrial FK506‐binding protein 8 (FKBP8) and lysosomal TM4SF5. Proximity labeling showed molecular clustering of phospho‐dynamic‐related protein I (DRP1) and certain mitophagy receptors at TM4SF5‐enriched MLCSs, leading to mitochondrial fission and autophagy. TM4SF5 bound NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 (NPC1) and free cholesterol, and mediated export of lysosomal cholesterol to mitochondria, leading to impaired oxidative phosphorylation but intact tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and β‐oxidation. In mouse models, hepatocyte Tm4sf5 promoted mitophagy and cholesterol transport to mitochondria, both with positive relations to liver malignancy.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that TM4SF5‐enriched MLCSs regulate glucose catabolism by facilitating cholesterol export for mitochondrial reprogramming, presumably while hepatocellular carcinogenesis, recapitulating aspects for hepatocellular carcinoma metabolism with mitochondrial reprogramming to support biomolecule synthesis in addition to glycolytic energetics.
PIVKA‐II combined with tumor burden score to predict long‐term outcomes of AFP‐negative hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver resection
Authors: Qiu Zhan‐cheng , Wu You‐wei , Qi Wei‐li , Li Chuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to establish a simple prognostic scoring model based on tumor burden score (TBS) and PIVKA‐II to predict long‐term outcomes of α‐fetoprotein (AFP)‐negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.Methods511 patients were divided into the training cohort (n = 305) and the validation cohort (n = 206) at a ratio of 6:4. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were established to identify cutoff values of TBS and PIVKA‐II. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to analyze survival outcomes. The multivariable Cox regression was used to identify variables independently associated with survival outcomes. The predictive performance of the TBS‐PIVKA II score (TPS) model was compared with Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC TNM) stage.ResultsThe present study established the TPS model using a simple scoring system (0, 1 for low/high TBS [cutoff value: 4.1]; 0, 1 for low/high PIVKA‐II [cutoff value: 239 mAU/mL]). The TPS scoring model was divided into three levels according to the summation of TBS score and PIVKA‐II score: TPS 0, TPS 1, and TPS 2. The TPS scoring model was able to stratify OS (training: p < 0.001, validation: p < 0.001) and early recurrence (training: p < 0.001; validation: p = 0.001) in the training cohort and the validation cohort. The TPS score was independently associated with OS (TPS 1 vs. 0, HR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.01–5.17; TPS 2 vs. 0, HR: 4.21, 95% CI: 2.01–8.84) and early recurrence (TPS 1 vs. 0, HR: 3.50, 95% CI: 1.71–7.16; TPS 2 vs. 0, HR: 3.79, 95% CI: 1.86–7.75) in the training cohort. The TPS scoring model outperformed BCLC stage and AJCC TNM stage in predicting OS and early recurrence in the training cohort and the validation cohort. But the TPS scoring model was unable to stratify the late recurrence in the training cohort (p = 0.872) and the validation cohort (p = 0.458).ConclusionsThe TPS model outperformed the BCLC stage and AJCC TNM stage in predicting OS and early recurrence of AFP‐negative HCC patients after liver resection, which might better assist surgeons in screening AFP‐negative HCC patients who may benefit from liver resection.
Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium ajacis and Their Anti‐inflammatory Activity
Authors: Tang Qing , Shen Xi , Hao Yi‐Kun , Yang Si‐Yu , Fu Jin‐Tao , Wu Tian‐Yuan , Zhao Hai‐Yue , Qin Baifu , Li Yao‐Lan , Zhang Yu‐Bo , Wang Guo‐Cai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThree novel diterpenoid alkaloids, comprising two C19–diterpenoid alkaloids (1 and 2) and one C20–diterpenoid alkaloid (3), were isolated from Delphinium ajacis, alongside the six known compounds (4–9). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (MS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR) and chemical properties. Simultaneously, the anti‐inflammatory properties of all compounds (1–9) was conducted, focusing on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS‐induced BV‐2 cells. The results indicated compounds 1–3, 7, and 8 have potential anti‐inflammatory activity.
Nanocatalysts Based on Ni Nanoparticles in Functionalized Ionic Liquids for Chemoselective Hydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Krishnan Deepthy , Schill Leonhard , Axet M. Rosa , Philippot Karine , Riisager Anders 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor the development of catalytically active and selective Ni nanoparticle (NP) catalysts both the choice of the synthesis method and the selection of stabilizer are key parameters. A series of Ni NPs were synthesized in various ionic liquids (Ni/ILs) and applied as catalysts for the chemoselective reduction of 2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one (1), as a representative of the group of α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds with industrial relevance. The Ni/ILs systems were found to be efficient catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of 1 to cyclohexanone (2) under quite mild reaction conditions (130‐170 °C, 10 bar H2, 1/Ni molar ratio of 100/1), achieving high conversions in a short reaction time (1 h). The oxidized counterparts (Ni‐NiO/ILs) showed to be active for the selective catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of 1 to 2‐cyclohexen‐1‐ol (3) with 2‐propanol, also under mild reaction conditions (150 °C, 48 h, 1/Ni ratio of 50/1).
Rechargeable Zn−MnO2 Batteries: Progress, Challenges, Rational Design, and Perspectives
Authors: Meng Linghui , Zhu Yanzhe , Lu Yile , Liang Tianyue , Zhou Lu , Fan Jiajun , Kuo Yu‐Chieh , Guan Peiyuan , Wan Tao , Hu Long , Chu Dewei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs a new type of secondary ion battery, aqueous zinc‐ion battery has a broad application prospect in the field of large‐scale energy storage due to its characteristics of low cost, high safety, environmental friendliness, and high‐power density. In recent years, manganese dioxide (MnO2)‐based materials have been extensively explored as cathodes for Zn‐ion batteries. Based on the research experiences of our group in the field of aqueous zinc ion batteries and combining with the latest literature of system, we systematically summarize the research progress of Zn−MnO2 batteries. This article first reviews the current research progress and reaction mechanism of Zn−MnO2 batteries, and then respectively expounds the optimization of MnO2 cathode, Zn anodes, and diverse electrolytes and their effects on battery performance. Additionally, primary challenges related to different components and their respective strategies for mitigating them are discussed, with the ultimate objective of offering comprehensive guidance for the design and fabrication of high‐performance Zn−MnO2 batteries. Finally, the future research and development direction of aqueous Zn−MnO2 batteries with high energy density, high safety and long life is envisioned.
Copper Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Nucleophilic Substitutions†
Authors: Huang Chunxi , Wan Zilong , Zhu Aoping , Chen Caiyou 
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive SummaryAs a versatile earth‐abundant transition metal, Cu has long been widely applied in the C—C and C—X bond forming reactions. As for now, low‐valent Cu(I) is known to reduce the redox active electrophiles via an SET pathway to give the corresponding radical and Cu(II) species. The resulting Cu(II) species can interact with the radical via the out‐sphere pathway, affording the coupling product. Alternatively, Cu(II) can trap the radical through the inner‐sphere process to generate Cu(III) species and then realize challenging bond formations due to the facile reductive elimination of Cu(III) intermediate. Although copper catalysis has been widely applied in arylations of various nucleophiles, copper‐catalyzed enantioconvergent nucleophilic substitutions of racemic alkyl electrophiles have been less explored, likely due to the difficulties in overcoming the reduction potential of alkyl electrophiles, elimination of side reactions, and enantiomeric control. In order to overcome the high reduction potential of alkyl electrophiles, the photo‐induced strategy has been developed under mild conditions. An alternative strategy with new anionic tridentate ligands has also been reported in this regard. This review summarizes recent developments in copper‐catalyzed enantioconvergent nucleophilic substitutions of alkyl electrophiles by various nucleophiles to realize C—N, C—C, C—B, C—P and C—O bond formations and their brief mechanistic studies.
Key ScientistsIn 2016, Fu and Peters et al. reported the first photo‐induced Cu‐catalyzed enantiocovergent C—N bond formations of tertiary alkyl halides with N‐hetereocycles, opening the door for the Cu‐catalyzed enantiocovergent nucleophilic substitutions. The photo‐induced strategy has been developed that greatly enhances the reducing power of Cu(I). The Cu‐catalyzed enantioconvergent cyanation (decarboxylative) and borylation were then successively presented by Liu and Ito in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Other than the photo‐induced strategy, Liu et al. in 2019 demonstrated that anionic ligands can also significantly enhance the reducing ability of Cu(I). The cinchona‐based chiral anionic tridentate ligands have been utilized for a series of Cu‐catalyzed enantiocovergent nucleophilic substitutions. Zhang et al. also developed chiral anionic tridentate ligands containing the oxazoline binding sites in 2020. In 2020, Xiao and Lu et al. reported the Cu‐catalyzed enantiocovergent deoxygenative cyanation. Later in 2022, Feng and Liu et al. developed the new guanidine hybrid ligands. This review focuses on the Cu‐catalyzed enantioconvergent nucleophilic substitutions that emerged in recent years.
Morphology evolution of CoNi‐LDHs synergistically engineered by precipitant and variable cobalt for asymmetric supercapacitor with superior cycling stability
Authors: Wang Xuan , Ding Hongzhi , Luo Wei , Yu Yi , Chen Qingliang , Luo Bin , Xie Mingjiang , Guo Xuefeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCobalt–nickel layered double hydroxides (CoNi‐LDHs) have been extensively synthesized through precipitation methods for their application in supercapacitors (SC). However, the influence of precipitant quantity on both morphology evolution and SC performance has been an underexplored area. This study systematically examines the morphological changes in CoNi‐LDHs by varying the alkaline quantity and evaluates the performance of asymmetric SC. The findings reveal a progressive transformation in the morphology of CoNi‐LDHs with an increase in alkaline content, starting from nanorod (Co1Ni2(OH)2‐1HMA), progressing to nanorod/nansosheet composite (Co1Ni2(OH)2‐4HMA), and ultimately evolving into nanosheet (Co1Ni2(OH)2‐8HMA). This evolution is attributed to the synergetic effect of the precipitant and variable cobalt, which provides multiple valences and induces morphology evolution. The resulting LDHs demonstrate different SC performances: (1) Co1Ni2(OH)2‐1HMA exhibits a maximum capacitance of 1764 F/g, while Co1Ni2(OH)2‐4HMA and Co1Ni2(OH)2‐8HMA show values of 1460 F/g and 1676 F/g, respectively; (2) rate capabilities showcase percentages of 60.5% for Co1Ni2(OH)2‐1HMA, 83.1% for Co1Ni2(OH)2‐4HMA, and 66.3% for Co1Ni2(OH)2‐8HMA; (3) maximum energy densities are recorded at 72.1 Wh/kg for Co1Ni2(OH)2‐1HMA, 41.3 Wh/kg for Co1Ni2(OH)2‐4HMA, and 62.8 Wh/kg for Co1Ni2(OH)2‐8HMA. Particularly, Co1Ni2(OH)2‐8HMA exhibits superlong cycling stability, retaining approximately 99% capacitance after 25000 consecutive charge/discharge cycles at 7.0 A/g. This result underscores its significant potential for efficient energy storage applications.
Clark's nutcracker forest community visitation: Whitebark pine maintains a keystone seed disperser
Authors: McLaren Thomas H. , Tomback Diana F. , Grevstad Nels , Wunder Michael B. , Wehtje Walter , Walker Lauren E. , Smith Douglas W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClark's nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) are obligate seed dispersers for whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), but they frequently use other conifer seed resources because of annual variability in cone production or geographic variation in whitebark pine availability. Whitebark pine is declining from several threats including white pine blister rust, leading to potential population declines in the nutcracker and the pine. We hypothesize that where there are few additional seed resources, whitebark pine becomes the key and limiting resource supporting nutcracker populations. We investigated how nutcrackers use coniferous forest community types within Yellowstone National Park to determine potential seed resources and the importance of whitebark pine. We established sites representing five forest community types, including whitebark pine, lodgepole pine (P. contorta), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), limber pine (P. flexilis), and Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Each transect annually generated nutcracker point counts, conifer cone production indices, community composition data, and seed resource use observations. We compared hierarchical distance sampling models, estimating nutcracker density and its relationship to forest community type, seed harvesting time‐period, year, study site, and cone seed energy. We found cone production varied across years indicating annual variability in energy availability. Nutcracker density was best predicted by forest community type and survey time‐period and was highest in whitebark pine stands during the mid‐harvesting season. Nutcracker density was comparatively low for all other forest community types. This finding underscores the importance of whitebark pine as a key seed resource for Clark's nutcracker in Yellowstone National Park. The decline of whitebark pine potentially leads to a downward spiral in nutcrackers and whitebark pine, arguing for continued monitoring of nutcrackers and implementation of restoration treatments for whitebark pine.