bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher-order circular intuitionistic fuzzy time series forecasting methodology: Application of stock change index
Authors: Ashraf Shahzaib , Sohail Muhammad , Chohan Muhammad Shakir , Paokanta Siriluk , Park Choonkil 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article presents a higher-order circular intuitionistic fuzzy time series forecasting method for predicting the stock change index, which is shown to be an improvement over traditional time series forecasting methods. The method is based on the principles of circular intuitionistic fuzzy set theory. It uses both positive and negative membership values and a circular radius to handle uncertainty and imprecision in the data. The circularity of the time series is also taken into consideration, leading to more accurate and robust forecasts. The higher-order forecasting capability of this method provides more comprehensive predictions compared to previous methods. One of the key challenges we face when using the amount featured as a case study in our article to project the future value of ratings is the influence of the stock market index. Through rigorous experiments and comparison with traditional time series forecasting methods, the results of the study demonstrate that the proposed higher-order circular intuitionistic fuzzy time series forecasting method is a superior approach for predicting the stock change index.
A Knife in the Heart or a Sword in the Courtroom: The Benefits and Drawbacks of Empathy in the Legal Field
Authors: Long Anna Rose 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The English word “empathy” originally comes from the German word “Einfühlung,” which translates to “feeling into.” As defined by Merriam Webster, empathy is the action of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing feelings, thoughts, and experiences fully communicated in an objectively explicit manner. Often, the terms “sympathy” and “empathy” are used interchangeably. However, the two terms do have distinct meanings. Sympathy refers to the feeling of care and sharing of another’s difficulties, whereas empathy refers to placing yourself in someone else’s position and understanding that person’s point of view. In doing this, the empathetic person experiences the feelings of another. To an attorney, empathy provides numerous aids but also may contribute to several downfalls in the legal profession. This Comment will examine the impact of empathy on legal practitioners, assessing its influence on both compliance with legal standards and the mental well-being of attorneys.
Right and left inverse scattering problems formulations for the Zakharov–Shabat system
Authors: Chernyavsky Alexander E. , Frumin Leonid L. , Gelash Andrey A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We consider right and left formulations of the inverse scattering problem for the Zakharov–Shabat system and the corresponding integral Gelfand–Levitan–Marchenko equations. Both formulations are helpful for numerical solving of the inverse scattering problem, which we perform using the previously developed Toeplitz Inner Bordering (TIB) algorithm. First, we establish general relations between the right and left scattering coefficients. Then we propose an auxiliary kernel of the left Gelfand–Levitan–Marchenko equations, which allows one to solve the right scattering problem numerically. We generalize the TIB algorithm, initially proposed in the left formulation, to the right scattering problem case with the obtained formulas. The test runs of the TIB algorithm illustrate our results reconstructing the various non-symmetrical potentials from their right scattering data.
The effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment on pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Popovich John M. , Cholewicki Jacek , Reeves N. Peter , DeStefano Lisa A. , Rowan Jacob J. , Francisco Timothy J. , Prokop Lawrence L. , Zatkin Mathew A. , Lee Angela S. , Sikorskii Alla , Pathak Pramod K. , Choi Jongeun , Radcliffe Clark J. , Ramadan Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
The evidence for the efficacy of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in the management of low back pain (LBP) is considered weak by systematic reviews, because it is generally based on low-quality studies. Consequently, there is a need for more randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a low risk of bias.

Objectives
The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an OMT intervention for reducing pain and disability in patients with chronic LBP.

Methods
A single-blinded, crossover, RCT was conducted at a university-based health system. Participants were adults, 21–65 years old, with nonspecific LBP. Eligible participants (n=80) were randomized to two trial arms: an immediate OMT intervention group and a delayed OMT (waiting period) group. The intervention consisted of three to four OMT sessions over 4–6 weeks, after which the participants switched (crossed-over) groups. The primary clinical outcomes were average pain, current pain, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) 29 v1.0 pain interference and physical function, and modified Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Secondary outcomes included the remaining PROMIS health domains and the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ). These measures were taken at baseline (T0), after one OMT session (T1), at the crossover point (T2), and at the end of the trial (T3). Due to the carryover effects of OMT intervention, only the outcomes obtained prior to T2 were evaluated utilizing mixed-effects models and after adjusting for baseline values.

Results
Totals of 35 and 36 participants with chronic LBP were available for the analysis at T1 in the immediate OMT and waiting period groups, respectively, whereas 31 and 33 participants were available for the analysis at T2 in the immediate OMT and waiting period groups, respectively. After one session of OMT (T1), the analysis showed a significant reduction in the secondary outcomes of sleep disturbance and anxiety compared to the waiting period group. Following the entire intervention period (T2), the immediate OMT group demonstrated a significantly better average pain outcome. The effect size was a 0.8 standard deviation (SD), rendering the reduction in pain clinically significant. Further, the improvement in anxiety remained statistically significant. No study-related serious adverse events (AEs) were reported.

Conclusions
OMT intervention is safe and effective in reducing pain along with improving sleep and anxiety profiles in patients with chronic LBP.
The prognostic role of CRL discordance in first trimester ultrasound
Authors: Fasoulakis Zacharias , Sapantzoglou Kimonas , Theodora Marianna , Daskalakis George , Kurjak Asim , Antsaklis Panagiotis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In the first trimester, intertwin crown-rump length (CRL) discordance has emerged as a notable factor linked to adverse perinatal health effects. It is frequently employed as a basis for counseling parents regarding potential adverse pregnancy outcomes. Despite its established association with adverse outcomes, the significance of CRL discordance in substantially predicting pregnancy problems and its efficacy in pregnancy screening remain subjects of ongoing discussion. The aim of this manuscript is to present current knowledge on CRL discordance.

Methods
PubMed was searched for related articles with terms “Crown-Rump length”, “Prenatal Screening”, “Twin pregnancy”, “Discordance”.

Results
Twenty-two studies were included in our study with six reporting data on monochorionic and 16 assessing the correlation between CRL discordance and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Fetal loss at the 20th and 24th week of the pregnancy, SGA neonates, pre-term delivery (32 weeks), perinatal death (24 weeks) are all reported adverse outcomes associated with CRL discordance. The reported cut-off for increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes is a discordance of at least 10% or more.

Conclusions
Increased CRL (>10 %) discordance is linked to a higher risk of sFGR in both monochorionic and dichorionic pregnancies, fetal loss, and preterm delivery.
A multiplicative approach to decathlon scoring based on efficient frontiers
Authors: Schütz Manuel , Tofallis Chris 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The decathlon consists of ten events with scores which are then aggregated to determine the final ranking. We develop a decathlon scoring method which is far simpler than the existing standard (IAAF1984) tables, as there are only 9 parameters instead of 30 which have an impact on the overall rank. We first identify athletes who are on the Pareto-efficient frontier i.e. those who are not dominated by anyone else. We then remove these frontier athletes and again pick all non-dominated athletes to obtain a second dominating group/Pareto frontier and iterate this procedure for the decathlon data from 1986 to 2020. Each of these groups are then characterized by their set of ten median performances. Improving from the last to the top group can then be seen as a path of progress, leading from the lowest to the highest set of median performances. Every event should have the same importance, so we normalize the data such that the path of progress follows as much as possible a space diagonal of a ten dimensional hypercube. Furthermore, any adjustment of a benchmark does not change any actual decathlon performance, hence there cannot be any unwanted rank reversals. This allows a smooth adjustment of these tables in the future, if for instance a new type of javelin needs to be introduced to reduce the range. We normalize such that current performances between 7000 and 9000 points still fall into the same range with our point tables.
Sculpting ultrastrong light–matter coupling through spatial matter structuring
Authors: Mornhinweg Joshua , Diebel Laura , Halbhuber Maike , Riepl Josef , Cortese Erika , De Liberato Simone , Bougeard Dominique , Huber Rupert , Lange Christoph 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The central theme of cavity quantum electrodynamics is the coupling of a single optical mode with a single matter excitation, leading to a doublet of cavity polaritons which govern the optical properties of the coupled structure. Especially in the ultrastrong coupling regime, where the ratio of the vacuum Rabi frequency and the quasi-resonant carrier frequency of light, ΩR/ω
c, approaches unity, the polariton doublet bridges a large spectral bandwidth 2ΩR, and further interactions with off-resonant light and matter modes may occur. The resulting multi-mode coupling has recently attracted attention owing to the additional degrees of freedom for designing light–matter coupled resonances, despite added complexity. Here, we experimentally implement a novel strategy to sculpt ultrastrong multi-mode coupling by tailoring the spatial overlap of multiple modes of planar metallic THz resonators and the cyclotron resonances of Landau-quantized two-dimensional electrons, on subwavelength scales. We show that similarly to the selection rules of classical optics, this allows us to suppress or enhance certain coupling pathways and to control the number of light–matter coupled modes, their octave-spanning frequency spectra, and their response to magnetic tuning. This offers novel pathways for controlling dissipation, tailoring quantum light sources, nonlinearities, correlations as well as entanglement in quantum information processing.
The physicochemical and DNA binding studies of ceftazidime pentahydrate and cefotaxime sodium in aqueous medium
Authors: Khan Abbas , Khan Sher Shah , Rahman Ubaid Ur , Bououdina Mohamed , Humayun Muhammad , Shah Nasrullah , Rehman Noor 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ceftazidime pentahydrate (CP) and cefotaxime sodium (CS) are semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotics and are used to treat a variety of diseases worldwide. In order to explore the efficiency of a medicinal compound, it is important to have a deep understanding of its solution and physiochemical behaviour along with its interaction with biological molecules. In this regard, the solution of two drugs i.e., ceftazidime pentahydrate (CP) and cefotaxime sodium (CS) were investigated in detail. The physicochemical properties of drugs solutions and their interaction with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) were studied in water under varying experimental parameters. In the present study the physicochemical properties such as density, viscosity, surface tension, and conductance of aqueous solution, having various molar concentrations, of CP and CS were traced out at different temperatures. Five various concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.3 mol dm−3) of each drug in an aqueous medium were prepared separately, and the physicochemical properties of each solution, were studied individually at temperatures such as 293, 303, 313, 323, and 333 K respectively. Most of these parameters have shown different behaviour with varying concentration of solution and temperature of the medium. In addition, these drugs showed a spontaneous surface-active and association behaviour in aqueous solutions and drug DNA solution. The flow behaviour, surface properties, volumetric behaviour and solute–solvent interaction of this drug were prominently influenced by experimental variables. UV-Visible spectroscopy was also used to study the interaction of these drugs with DNA in aqueous media in detail. Calculated values of binding constants (K
b) for all drug–DNA are positive, indicating constructive binding and interactions between the molecules. In addition the binding efficiency of ceftazidime pentahydrate was found more than that of cefotaxime sodium. The interaction of drug–DNA was not only affected by the nature of the drug but also by the drug-to-DNA ratio and nature of the medium used.
The relationship of game genres, in-game purchases, and playing duration with probable gaming disorder in two independent, large-scale online surveys of Japanese adults
Authors: Oka Taiki , Kubo Takatomi , Murakami Misa , Kobayashi Nao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsGame genres, availability on smartphones, in-game purchases, and playing duration, have been thought to influence Gaming Disorder (GD). However, little research has comprehensively examined their relationships with GD. Therefore, we examined the relationship between GD, in-game purchases, gaming duration via consoles and smartphones, and genres of smartphone games. Study 1 was based on self-reports, and Study 2 included objective data to clarify these associations.MethodsWe conducted two independent online surveys that collected sociodemographic data, game use patterns, and psychopathological assessment data, including GD severity (Study 1: N = 32,690; Study 2: N = 3,163). General mental illness scores and objective gaming time were also collected in Study 2.ResultsIn Study 1, in-game purchases, several gaming genres, and subjective gaming duration were positively associated with probable GD. On the other hand, interactions between card games and loot box charges were negatively related to probable GD. In Study 2, objective gaming times of most game genres were not associated with GD. Although the correlation between subjective and objective gaming duration was moderate, their correlations with GD differed.Discussion and conclusionThese results suggest the complexity of relationships between GD and in-game purchases, genres, and gaming duration. Results of this study suggest the importance of proper assessment of GD reflecting actual functional impairment in social life. Future studies should improve and update evaluation of assessments for gaming.
Perubahan kimiawi dan mikrobiologis selama fermentasi bekasam ikan nila menggunakan starter tunggal dan campuran
Authors: Desniar Desniar , Setyaningsih Iriani , Fransiska Ike Marta 
Published: January 2024

Bekasam merupakan produk fermentasi ikan yang rasanya asam, menggunakan bahan baku ikan air tawar, garam, dan sumber karbohidrat yang difermentasi spontan selama 5-10 hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik mikrobiologis dan kimiawi bekasam selama fermentasi menggunakan starter tunggal dan campuran serta perlakuan starter terpilih berdasarkan komposisi kimia dan kadar NaCl. Ikan nila (Oreochromis sp.) yang sudah dipreparasi ditambah garam 7,5% (b/b), nasi kering (25% (b/b)), disterilisasi (100ᵒC, 30 menit), serta dilakukan penambahan starter tunggal (Lactobacillus plantarum SK(5)) 10% (v/b) dan starter campuran (L. plantarum SK(5) + Pediococcus pentosaceus BP(20)) 10% (v/b). Fermentasi bekasam dilakukan selama 8 hari dengan pengamatan tiap 2 hari meliputi total bakteri asam laktat (BAL), pH dan total asam tertitrasi (TAT). Penambahan starter tunggal dan starter campuran memiliki karakteristik mikrobiologis dan kimiawi selama fermentasi dengan kecenderungan yang sama, yaitu jumlah total BAL dan TAT meningkat dan pH menurun. Penambahan starter campuran lebih cepat meningkatkan total BAL dan TAT, serta menurunkan nilai pH dan kadar garam dibandingkan starter tunggal. Bekasam dengan penambahan kultur starter campuran merupakan perlakuan terpilih. Produk ini mempunyai kadar air 66,56%, abu 5,92%, protein 23,06%, lemak 3,96%, dan kadar NaCl 2,75%. L. plantarum SK(5) dan P. pentosaceus BP(20) dapat dikembangkan sebagai starter dalam fermentasi bekasam.
Does local anaesthetic reduce pain in rubber ring castration of neonatal lambs?
Authors: Higgins Hannah 
Published: January 2024

PICO Question
In lambs less than 7 days old undergoing castration with rubber rings does administration of local anaesthetic compared to no local anaesthetic result in a reduction of pain-related behaviours?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Treatment.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
Six studies were appraised; all were controlled clinical or field trials.
Strength of evidence
Moderate.
Outcomes reported
Local anaesthetic administered to lambs castrated with rubber rings resulted in the demonstration of fewer pain related behaviours and also diminished the increases in plasma cortisol in the immediate post-castration period when compared to lambs castrated without local anaesthetic. Local anaesthetic administered at least 15 minutes before rubber ring castration may significantly reduce behavioural signs of pain and plasma cortisol changes.
Conclusion
In lambs less than 7 days old undergoing castration with rubber rings, local anaesthetic reduces markers of pain when compared to lambs castrated without local anaesthetic.

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
O lugar legado à filosofia diante da Reforma do Ensino Médio e as orientações da BNCC
Authors: Nascimento Franc Lane Carvalho do , Lima Maria Nathália Bastos 
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho analisa a importância da disciplina Filosofia no Ensino Médio em vista das atuais políticas públicas educacionais brasileira. Abordamos a Filosofia no Ensino Médio de acordo a Lei n.13.415/17 que alterou o Artigo 36 da Lei n. 9. 394/96 da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional-LDBEN, Lei n.11.648 de 2008, Resolução de n° 04 de 2010, as denominadas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC/2017. Nesta pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter qualitativo, conclui-se que os referidos documentos oficiais revelam além das alterações quanto ao lugar legado da Filosofia na formação integral do aluno, por ser colocada em segundo plano, a desvalorização de um conhecimento crítico e reflexivo com vistas a emancipação humana, pois a proposição do ensino está mais centrado em uma concepção de conservação da ordem dominante.
Investigating science learning assessment standards on Indonesian 2013 curriculum
Authors: Paraniti Anak Agung Inten , Subagia I Wayan , Puspawati Dewa Ayu , Ekayanti Ni Wayan 
Published: January 2024

<span lang="EN-US">Learning assessment is an activity that aims to collect and process information to measure the achievement of students’ learning process. The results of this assessment are then used as a basis for evaluating the learning process to improve learning in the future. The assessment process in the 2013 curriculum was carried out thoroughly on three aspects, namely attitudes, knowledge, and skills, which in its implementation still encountered several obstacles. This study aims to conduct a thorough investigation of 3 aspects of the science learning assessment standards in the implementation of the 2013 curriculum. This type of research is a mixed method with a convergent parallel design. The survey method was carried out by providing questionnaires to 65 science and biology teachers at the elementary, middle, and high school levels through a google form. The exploratory study was conducted with interview techniques through a purposive sampling of nine teachers representing each level of education. Based on the results of the survey, it was found that teachers need special attention to be able to train and improve disciplinary attitudes, and critical thinking skills of students at every stage at school levels. The results of a thorough investigation into the assessment standards in science learning show that there are several indicators need special attention from teachers to be trained more intensely and improved, those are critical thinking, metacognitive and student self regulatory/indepence. The assessment obstacle faced by teachers is mainly the adjustment of time in the assessment process with basic competencies which must be completed.</span>
Development of chemistry questions integrated with religious values on acid-base topic
Authors: Putri Riska , Winarni Sri , Erlidawati Erlidawati 
Published: January 2024

<em>Religious character education</em> is a learning process that teaches values to shape a virtuous and cultured character. Education based on religious values can develop a good personality, including learning chemistry by integrating Islamic values. This research aims to analyze the feasibility of chemistry questions integrated with religious values. This research used a research and development type with the ADDIE model. The study participants were all students in class XI IPA MAS Darul Ulum Banda Aceh through saturated sampling techniques. Data was collected using expert validation sheets and teacher and student response questionnaires for multiple-choice questions. The validation results show that out of the 20 questions developed, 4 of them are invalid, and 16 are valid. Based on the validation from experts and chemistry education practitioners, the chemistry questions integrated with religious values for the Acid-base Topic is a feasible assessment. The validity index, 0.9, was obtained using Aiken's scale, and the reliability index, 0.85, based on IRA (interrater agreement), is valid and reliable. Based on responses, most students and chemistry teachers agree that questions based on religious values can have an impact on the following: (1) increase interest and motivation in learning chemistry; (2) increase knowledge about the relationship between chemical concepts and religious teachings; (3) increase awareness to obey the creator; and (4) increasing confidence in the greatness of Allah <em>Subhanahu wa Ta'ala</em>. The purpose of character education in chemistry learning can be achieved by using test questions that are integrated with religious values.