bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etablering og utvikling av forskerutdanning ved Norges musikkhøgskole
Authors: Christensen Solveig , Jørgensen Harald , Varkøy Øivind 
Published: November 2023

The Norwegian Academy of Music (NMH) has two PhD programs: a scientific one and an artistic one. This chapter deals with the scientific program, which turns 25 at the same time as NMH turns 50. This program offers in-depth study in the subject areas of historical and contemporary performance practice, music education and music therapy. The purpose is to describe the establishment of the program, understand the development of the program, and discuss future challenges, primarily in light of the program’s own history. This chapter’s research contribution is twofold. Firstly, we will carry out a systematic review of archival material and sources relating to the development of the scientific PhD program at NMH. Secondly, some overarching themes that have shaped and still shape the program are articulated and discussed.
The first part of this chapter covers the main features of the preparation phase (with emphasis on the 1990s), the establishment phase (2000s), the development phase (2010s) and what we call the re-orientation phase (2020s). We spend the last part of the text on some overall themes (problems) which seem to have been (and still are) central to NMH’s PhD program.
Krigsherren i Kreml og Putins krig: To populærvitenskapelige fremstillinger av krigen i Ukraina
Authors: Slabinski Daniella 
Published: November 2023

Teksten tar for seg to bøker, Krigsherren i Kreml. Putin og hans tid av Aage Storm Borchgrevink og Putins krig. Rusland mellem styrke og svaghed av Niels Bo Poulsen og Flemming Splidsboel Hansen om krigen i Ukraina som ble publisert kort tid etter at Russland gikk til storkrig mot sitt naboland. Omtalen redegjør for og sammenligner hvordan bøkene søker å forklare krigen i Ukraina for en henholdsvis norsk og dansk offentlighet.
This review looks at two books about the war in Ukraine, Krigsherren i Kreml. Putin og hans tid by Aage Storm Borchgrevink and Putins krig. Rusland mellem styrke og svaghed by Niels Bo Poulsen and Flemming Splidsboel Hansen, both of which were published shortly after Russia initiated its full-scale war on Ukraine. The review relates and compares how the two books seek to explain the war to a Norwegian and a Danish public, respectively.
Theory of Heap Particle Motion in Vibration Cleaning of Potatoes
Authors: Bulgakov Volodymyr , Stankevych Maksym , Findura Pavol , Golovach Іvan , Ruzhilo Zinoviy , Kornyushin Viktor , Andrievska Maria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Theoretical research was conducted using the basic principles of higher mathematics and theoretical mechanics. Numerical calculations and graphical dependences are obtained using a PC based on developed and standard programs. The movement of the potato heap on the wing surface of the V-shaped heap distributor in the process of its distribution over the entire width of the separating conveyor was studied. An equivalent scheme of interaction of potato heap particle with the surface of the distributor wing is constructed, on the basis of which differential equations of its motion on the specified surface are made, taking into account the main constructive and kinematic parameters of the separating conveyor and V-shaped distributor. Based on the integration of the specified system of differential equations in quadratures, analytical expressions describing the laws of change of speed and movement of a particle of a potato heap in time at various values of constructive and kinematic parameters of the distributor and separating conveyor are received. Based on the obtained analytical expressions, calculations were performed and graphical dependences of heap velocity along the distributor wing on time at different values of the angle of distributor wings taking into account the oscillations of the separating conveyor blade were obtained. The allowable speed of movement of the heap along the wing of the distributor is determined from the condition of maintaining the equality of supply of the heap to the distributor and its ascent from the distributor. The specified speed is 1.62 m∙s−1. The analysis of graphical dependences shows that the speed of the heap along the wing of the distributor decreases with increasing angle of the wing. If the speed is reduced to less than the allowable value, the heap will be unloaded on the wings of the distributor, which will lead to a disturbance of the technological process of the potato harvester. With the allowable time of movement of the heap along the distributor wing, the maximum allowable values of the deflection of the distributor wing are within 40–45°.
Features of Wear of Gears of Agricultural Machinery
Authors: Veselovsky Aleksandr , Troyanovskaya Irina , Syromyatnikov Yurii , Voinash Sergey , Malikov Vladimir , Zagidullin Ramil , Sabitov Linar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper presents data on the resource and wear of the gears of agricultural tractor transmissions, on the basis of which the research problem and the novelty of the proposed methodology are formulated, based on the development and application of the stress state model of the gear, taking into account surface hardening. The methodology and calculation scheme for determining the power parameters of gearing are described in detail. In this case, the dependences and results of previous studies in the field of increasing the durability and reducing the wear of gears of transmission elements of vehicles of various functional purposes were used. To achieve this goal, the mathematical models of the stress state of gears are constructed without the presence of an external diffusion hardening coating and with a coating. Based on the simulation of the process of interaction of rubbing pairs of gears, the distribution of stresses in the contact zone over the surface layer of non-hardened and cemented to a depth of 1 mm gears, as well as the dependence of deflection on the thickness of the cemented layer and the deformation of the cemented layer during operation was established. Considering the research results given in literature, as well as those obtained on the basis of our own research, it should be noted that the analysis of gear stress state is an important direction in the study of the durability of gear units, the entire gearbox, and other gears of tractor transmissions and automotive technology at the present time. At the same time, the actual task is to establish the ratios of the allowable wear of gears and the limiting value of displacement of the centre distance, taking into account changes in the stress state scheme when using various types of coatings.
Existence, uniqueness, boundedness and stability of periodic solutions of a certain second-order nonlinear differential equation with damping and resonance effects
Authors: Eze Everestus Obinwanne , Obasi Uchenna Emmanuel , Ezugorie Godwin , Hannah Enyiduru Ekwomchi 
Published: November 2023

Summary
In this paper, some qualitative behaviors of solutions for certain second-order nonlinear differential equation with damping and resonance effects are considered. By employing Lyapunov’s direct method, a complete Lyapunov function was used to investigate the stability of the system. Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem was used to establish sufficient conditions that guaranteed the existence and boundedness of a unique solution. The results show that the equilibrium point was asymptotically stable. Furthermore, a test for periodicity was conducted using the Bendixson criterion, and the results showed that the solution of the second-order nonlinear differential equation is aperiodic, which extends some results from the literature.
Seasonal Variations of Morphometric and Hematological Parameters in Dalmatian Barbelgudgeon Aulopyge huegelii Heckel 1843 from Šatorsko Lake
Authors: Avdić Subha , Bakrač Azra , Adrović Avdul , Hajdarević Edina , Dekić Radoslav , Delić Maida 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As an endemic species, Dalmatian barbelgudgeon was introduced into Šatorsko Lake, but it was insufficiently explored at this locality. The aim of this study was to determine seasonal variations of physicochemical parameters of the water in relation to morphometric and hematological parameters of Dalmatian barbelgudgeon from Šatorsko Lake. Physicochemical analysis of the water recorded lower values of temperature, O2 concentration, O2 saturation, electrolytic conductivity and suspended matter in autumn, while other analyzed parameters indicated lower values in spring. The analysis of morphometric parameters (weight, standard length, total length and Fulton’s condition factor) determined higher values of all the parameters during spring, while a significant difference was noted only for Fulton’s condition factor. A statistically significant difference was observed for all erythrocyte lineage parameters (RBC-red blood cells, HB-hemoglobin concentration, HCT-hematocrit, MCV-mean corpuscular volume, MCH-mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCHC-mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations). In white blood cells, a statistically significant difference was recorded for lymphocytes, non-segmented neutrophils and monocytes, while the proportion of segmented neutrophils and basophils was slightly increased in spring. Furthermore, the recorded values of pseudo-eosinophils were equal in spring and autumn. The results of these studies indicate a significant influence of exogenous and endogenous factors on the variability of morphometric and hematological parameters of Dalmatian barbelgudgeon from Šatorsko Lake.
Total Psoas Area and Psoas Density Assessment in COVID-19 Patients Using CT Imaging – Could Muscle Mass Alteration During Intensive Care Hospitalization be Determined?
Authors: Branea Oana Elena , Vlad Anca Gabriela , Pui Mihai , Becica Diana Andreea , Becica Mihai Emanuel , Budeanu AnaMaria Romina , Budeanu Razvan Gabriel , Stoica Florin , Lazar Alexandra Elena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Since its debut, as reported by the first published studies, COVID-19 has been linked to life-threatening conditions that needed vital assistance and admission to the intensive care unit. Skeletal muscle is a core element in an organism’s health due to its ability to keep energy balance and homeostasis. Many patients with prolonged hospitalization are characterized by a greater probability prone to critical illness myopathy or intensive care unit-acquired weakness.

Objective
The main aim of this study was to assess the skeletal muscle in a COVID-19 cohort of critically ill patients by measuring the psoas area and density.

Material and methods
This is a retrospective study that included critically ill adult patients, COVID-19 positive, mechanically ventilated, with an ICU stay of over 24 hours, and who had 2 CT scans eligible for psoas muscle evaluation. In these patients, correlations between different severity scores and psoas CT scans were sought, along with correlations with the outcome of the patients.

Results
Twenty-two patients met the inclusion criteria. No statistically significant differences were noticed regarding the psoas analysis by two blinded radiologists. Significant correlations were found between LOS in the hospital and in ICU with psoas area and Hounsfield Units for the first CT scan performed. With reference to AUC-ROC and outcome, it is underlined that AUC-ROC is close to 0.5 values, for both the psoas area and HU, indicating that the model had no class separation capacity.

Conclusion
The study suggested that over a short period, the psoas muscle area, and the psoas HU decline, for both the left and the right sight, in adult COVID-19 patients in ICU conditions, yet not statistically significant. Although more than two-thirds of the patients had a negative outcome, it was not possible to demonstrate an association between the SARS-COV2 infection and psoas muscle impairment. These findings highlight the need for further larger investigations.
A Retrospective Cohort Study of Traumatic Brain Injury in Children: A Single-Institution Experience and Determinants of Neurologic Outcome
Authors: Misirlioglu Merve , Ekinci Faruk , Yildizdas Dincer , Horoz Ozden Ozgur , Yilmaz Hayri Levent , Incecik Faruk , Ozsoy Mazhar , Yontem Ahmet , Bilen Sevcan , Silay Sena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has become a significant cause of death and morbidity in childhood since the elucidation of infectious causes within the last century. Mortality rates in this population decreased over time due to developments in technology and effective treatment modalities.

Aim of the study
This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the volume, severity and mechanism of all hospital-admitted pediatric TBI patients at a university hospital over a 5-year period.

Material and Methods
This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study including 90 pediatric patients with TBI admitted to a tertiary care PICU. The patients’ demographic data, injury mechanisms, disease and trauma severity scores, initiation of enteral nutrition and outcome measures such as hospital stay, PICU stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, mortality, and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) were also recorded. Late enteral nutrition was defined as initiation of enteral feeding after 48 hours of hospitalization.

Results
Of the 90 patients included in the cohort, 60% had mild TBI, 21.1% had moderate TBI and 18.9% had severe TBI. Their mean age was 69 months (3–210 months). TBI was isolated in 34 (37.8%) patients and observed as a part of multisystemic trauma in 56 (62.2%). The most commonly involved site in multisystemic injury was the thorax (33.3%). The length of hospitalization in the late enteral nutrition group was significantly higher than that in the early nutrition group, while the PICU stay was not significantly different between the two groups. The multiple logistic regression analysis found a significant relationship between GOS-3rd month and PIM3 score, the presence of diffuse axonal injury and the need for CPR in the first 24 h of hospitalization.

Conclusion
Although our study showed that delayed enteral nutrition did not affect neurologic outcome, it may lead to prolonged hospitalization and increased hospital costs. High PIM3 scores and diffuse axonal injury are both associated with worse neurologic outcomes.
Limitation of Non-Beneficial Interventions and their Impact on the Intensive Care Unit Costs
Authors: Koutsouki Sotiria , Kosmidis Dimitrios , Nagy Eva-Otilia , Tsaroucha Alexandra , Anastasopoulos Georgios , Pnevmatikos Ioannis , Papaioannou Vasileios 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Using a plan to limit non-beneficial life support interventions has significantly reduced harm and loss of dignity for patients at the end of life. The association of these limitations with patients’ clinical characteristics and health care costs in the intensive care unit (ICU) needs further scientific evidence.

Aim of the study
To explore decisions to limit non-beneficial life support interventions, their correlation with patients’ clinical data, and their effect on the cost of care in the ICU.

Material and Methods
We included all patients admitted to the general ICU of a hospital in Greece in a two-year (2019–2021) prospective study. Data collection included patient demographic and clinical variables, data related to decisions to limit (withholding, withdrawing) non-beneficial interventions (NBIs), and economic data. Comparisons were made between patients with and without limitation decisions.

Results
NBIs were limited in 164 of 454 patients (36.12%). Patients with limitation decisions were associated with older age (70y vs. 62y; p<0,001), greater disease severity score (APACHE IV, 71 vs. 50; p<0,001), longer length of stay (7d vs. 4.5d; p<0,001), and worse prognosis of death (APACHE IV PDR, 48.9 vs. 17.35; p<0,001). All cost categories and total cost per patient were also higher than the patient without limitation of NBIs (9247,79€ vs. 8029,46€, p<0,004). The mean daily cost has not differed between the groups (831,24€ vs. 832,59€; p<0,716). However, in the group of patients with limitations, all cost categories, including the average daily cost (767.31€ vs. 649.12€) after the limitation of NBIs, were reduced to a statistically significant degree (p<0.001).

Conclusions
Limiting NBIs in the ICU reduces healthcare costs and may lead to better management of ICU resource use.
Evaluation of precipitation measurements using a standard rain gauge in relation to data from a precision lysimeter
Authors: Tall Andrej , Kandra Branislav , Pavelková Dana , Reth Sascha , Gomboš Milan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The construction of modern lysimeters with a precise weighing system made it possible to achieve an unprecedented accuracy of precipitation measurement. This study compares two methods of measuring precipitation in the conditions of the humid continental climate of the Eastern Slovakian Lowland (Slovakia): measurement using a standard tipping-bucket rain gauge vs. precision weighable lysimeter. Data from the lysimeter were used as a reference measurement. The comparison period lasted four years (2019–2022). Only liquid rainfall was compared. The rain gauge was found to underestimate precipitation compared to the lysimeter. Cumulative precipitation for the entire monitored period captured by the rain gauge was 2.8% lower compared to lysimeter measurements. When comparing hourly and daily totals of precipitation and precipitation events, a very high degree of agreement was detected (r
2 > 0.99; RMSE from 0.22 to 0.51 mm h–1). A comparison based on precipitation intensity showed a decreasing trend in measurement accuracy with increasing precipitation intensity. This tendency has an exponential course. With increasing intensity of precipitation, increasing intensity of wind was also recorded. In order to correct measurement errors, simple correction method was proposed, which helped to partially eliminate the inaccuracies of the rain gauge measurement.
Sensitivity of runoff due to changes in the characteristics of the water balance in the Danube River region
Authors: Pekárová Pavla , Halmová Dana , Sabová Zuzana , Pekár Ján , Miklánek Pavol , Mitková Veronika Bačová , Prohaska Stevan , Kohnová Silvia , Garaj Marcel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Climate change is presently a widely discussed subject in relation to alterations in water storage capacity and the components of the hydrological balance within catchment areas. This research study was directed at two main objectives: 1. The indirect estimation of long-term mean annual runoff using an empirical model; 2. The determination of changes in the annual runoff regime of fifty Danube sub-basins. Monthly areal precipitation, discharges, and air temperature data from 1961 to 1990 were collected for selected headwater sub-basins of the Danube River. In the first part, Turc-type empirical equations for the estimation of the long-term average annual runoff R in the Danube basin were employed. The parameters of the empirical equations were determined through nonlinear regression. Given the underestimation of the actual (territorial, balance) evapotranspiration ET values determined from the balance equation, the precipitation totals were corrected by +10%. With a 10% increase in precipitation, the values of balance ET reached the values ET determined by the Budyko–Zubenok–Konstantinov method. In the second part, fifty equations for the estimation of changes in the average annual runoff, depending on increases in the air temperature and changes in the annual precipitation separately for each of the 50 sub-basins, were established. In conclusion, the results suggest that, on average, a 100 mm increase in the average annual rainfall in the Danube River headwater sub-basins, will cause a 50 mm increase in outflow, and a 1 °C increase in the average annual air temperature will lead to a 12 mm decrease in runoff.
Financial Efficiency and Investor Behavior on the European Real Estate Market in the Rising Inflation Environment
Authors: Rzeszut Sylwester J. , Kowalski Michał J. , Kazak Jan K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The pandemic, followed by the Russian aggression against Ukraine, caused rapid changes in the economy. European countries experienced unprecedented price increases, which resulted in a significant increase in the cost of capital. This resulted primarily in limited access to capital and a significant reduction in investments in the real estate market. In addition, investors began to withdraw capital from investments in the real estate market to other assets, encouraged by their rising rates of return. The article presents how the indicated circumstances translated into the financial efficiency of companies from the Real Estate sector. Listed companies of the European Economic Area in the years 2019-2022 were analyzed. Changes in the main accounting measures and market measures for individual countries as well as the characteristics of real estate market participants were analyzed.
Overcoming Tegumentary Numbness in Seeds of Crotalaria spectabilis and Crotalaria paulinea
Authors: Maia Wellington Matheus de Paula , Araújo Eduardo Fontes , Da Silva Antônio Veimar , Da Silva Carla Michelle 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of dormancy breaking methods in seeds of C. paulinea and C. Spectabilis.

Theoretical reference: Species of crotalaria, such as C. paulinea and C. spectabilis, found in the Brazilian territory, are used as green manure in large crops and vegetable productions. However, the presence of tegumentary hardness in their seeds can result in failures in soil cover, which favor the emergence of weeds.

Method/design/approach: The research was carried out at the Laboratório de Análise de Sementes of the Departamento de Agronomia, at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Twenty treatments were applied to the seeds to break dormancy, using mechanical scarification with 120 grit sandpaper, hot water in an oven at 90 °C for five and seven minutes, and immersion in sodium hypochlorite at four concentrations, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%, for four times, two, four, six and eight hours.

Results and conclusion: The most efficient treatments for breaking this dormancy in both species of crotalaria were scarification with sandpaper and immersion in water at 90±3 °C for seven minutes. Treatments using sodium hypochlorite were not effective in reducing the number of hard seeds.

Originality/value: Feasibility of the methods applied to break dormancy in seeds of C. paulinea and C. Spectabilis, since they are used for green manure, and control of Aedes aegypti, among other purposes.