bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential for egg‐guarding care in females of the damselfish, Dascyllus reticulatus, in the absence of uniparental male care
Authors: Sakai Yoichi , Muranaka Yu , Nakayama Hiromi , Baba Koji , Matsushita Kazuya , Kuwahara Hiroyuki , Kuniyoshi Hisato 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMale damselfish typically demonstrate uniparental egg‐guarding care in nature. Potential plasticity in sexual behavior has recently been reported in various teleost fish. To examine behavioral plasticity in parental care, we conducted aquarium experiments to explore the potential for egg‐guarding care in the female damselfish, Dascyllus reticulatus. After initial caretaking, males were removed from the mating nests, and cohabiting females frequently exhibited egg predation on the same day. However, we confirmed that females showed significantly decreased egg‐predation frequencies on the following day and showed egg‐caring behaviors. All experimental females guarded their eggs until they hatched. Females subsequently spawned eggs as females even after performing parental care behaviors, indicating no progression of sex change into males. Molecular analysis of select pituitary gland hormones indicated that egg‐caring females and males showed high expression levels of prolactin, suggesting its involvement in the development of parental care behaviors. The cryptic possession of caretaking ability in females may be a tactical response to the need for temporary replacement of the care roles in cases where caretaking males are removed, for example, through predation, in damselfish species living in sexually cohabiting groups.
Is enhanced recovery after surgery essential?
Authors: Esercan Alev , Demir İsmail , Aksar Mustafa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) method is designed for the patient to recover quickly, have less pain and have a more comfortable period after the surgery; that includes preoperative, intra and postoperative processes. ERAS has been started to be applied in cesarean section surgeries as the patients need to recover quickly. In the literature, there is no study about the results of ERAS in cesarean section about pain scores and complications.ObjectivesIt is aimed to compare the results of cesarean section patients using the ERAS method completely in patients who have had cesarean section without meeting some of the postoperative conditions of the ERAS criteria.Study DesignIt is a prospective study designed as postoperative metoclopramide, enema and routine opioids in group 1, enema and metoclopramide in group 2, metoclopramide only in group 3 and nothing in group 4. Postoperative pain scoring was done by using visual analog scale (VAS). Analysis of variance tests and t tests were used for results.ResultsThere was no difference between groups according to age, parity, and birth weight. As a result, although there was no difference between the groups in terms of discharge time and complications, the VAS score used in pain scoring was found to be significantly lower in group 3 compared to the other groups (p: 0.000). Only metoclopramide group (group 3) had lowest VAS score.ConclusionIt has been revealed that the ERAS procedure does not need to be so detailed in the postoperative period, and the addition of metoclopramide may be sufficient. Since pain can be a subjective factor, other randomized studies are needed in terms of other criteria.
Audiovisual gamma stimulation for the treatment of neurodegeneration
Authors: Blanco‐Duque Cristina , Chan Diane , Kahn Martin C. , Murdock Mitchell H. , Tsai Li‐Huei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative disease and a health challenge with major social and economic consequences. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of gamma stimulation in treating AD and delve into the possible mechanisms responsible for its positive effects. Recent studies reveal that it is feasible and safe to induce 40 Hz brain activity in AD patients through a range of 40 Hz multisensory and noninvasive electrical or magnetic stimulation methods. Although research into the clinical potential of these interventions is still in its nascent stages, these studies suggest that 40 Hz stimulation can yield beneficial effects on brain function, disease pathology, and cognitive function in individuals with AD. Specifically, we discuss studies involving 40 Hz light, auditory, and vibrotactile stimulation, as well as noninvasive techniques such as transcranial alternating current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The precise mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of gamma stimulation in AD are not yet fully elucidated, but preclinical studies have provided relevant insights. We discuss preclinical evidence related to both neuronal and nonneuronal mechanisms that may be involved, touching upon the relevance of interneurons, neuropeptides, and specific synaptic mechanisms in translating gamma stimulation into widespread neuronal activity within the brain. We also explore the roles of microglia, astrocytes, and the vasculature in mediating the beneficial effects of gamma stimulation on brain function. Lastly, we examine upcoming clinical trials and contemplate the potential future applications of gamma stimulation in the management of neurodegenerative disorders.
Leveraging technology to increase the disseminability of evidence‐based treatment of dental fear: An uncontrolled pilot study
Authors: Heyman Richard E. , Daly Kelly A. , Slep Amy M. Smith , Wolff Mark S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesU.S. and global estimates indicate that over 30% of adults fear receiving dental care, including over 20% who have visited a dentist in the last year, leading to avoidance and degraded oral and systemic health. Although evidence‐based cognitive‐behavioral treatments for dental fear (CBT‐DF) exist, they have little impact on the millions who seek dental care annually because they are not disseminable (6 h of in‐chair time, delivered only in person at a few sites). We developed a disseminable CBT‐DF stepped‐care treatment comprising (Step 1) a mobile‐health application and, for those who remain fearful, (Step 2) a 1‐h, one‐on‐one psychological treatment session that allows practice during exposure to the patient's most‐feared stimuli. We hypothesized that the treatment would (a) be rated highly on usability and credibility and (b) result in clinically consequential (i.e., lowering fear into the 0–3 “no/low fear” zone) and statistically significant changes in global dental fear.MethodRacially/ethnically diverse patients (N = 48) with moderate to severe dental fear were recruited; all completed Step 1, and n = 16 completed Step 2.ResultsAs hypothesized, users found the stepped‐care treatment highly usable, credible, and helpful. Critically, this stepped‐care approach produced reductions in patients' dental fear that were both clinically consequential (with half no longer fearful) and statistically significant (d = 1.11).ConclusionsThis usable, credible, stepped‐care approach to dental fear treatment holds promise for liberating evidence‐based CBT‐DF from specialty clinics, allowing broad dissemination.
Alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers and helper T‐cell subgroups in patients with periodontitis and IgA nephropathy
Authors: Li Jinfeng , Zhang Yanjun , Lu Hao , Li Zhiwei , Luo Hui , Ou Qianqiu , Chen Xiaotao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveInvestigating the changes in the oxidative stress levels and helper T lymphocyte (Th) subsets in patients with periodontitis and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) to determine their relationship.BackgroundIgAN has a high prevalence, poor prognosis, and no effective cure. Accumulating evidence has implicated a close relationship between periodontitis and chronic kidney diseases, in which both IgAN and chronic periodontitis show chronic inflammation and abnormal metabolism. However, few studies have been conducted on the relationship between the two diseases from this perspective.MethodsWe divided 86 IgAN patients into patients with healthy periodontium (IgAN‐H, n = 34) and patients with periodontitis IgAN (IgAN‐P, n = 52); moreover, we divided 72 systemically healthy participants into patients with periodontitis (H‐P, n = 35) and participants with healthy periodontium (H‐H, n = 37). The proportions of Th subsets in peripheral blood were estimated using flow cytometry. Cytokine levels in plasma were assessed using cytokine assay kits. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the plasma levels of oxidative stress.ResultsOur results from analyzing the Th cell subsets indicated that Th2 cell counts in the IgAN‐P group were significantly lower than those in the IgAN‐H group, while Th17 cell counts were increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, the Th1/Th2 ratio and interleukin‐6 levels in the IgAN‐P group were significantly higher than those in the H‐H group (p < 0.01). Compared with that in the H‐H group, in the remaining three groups, plasma total oxidation state (TOS) levels were increased (p < 0.01), while plasma total antioxidant state (TAS) levels were decreased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, estimated glomerular filtration rate was negatively correlated with the probing depth and gingival bleeding index. IgAN was a risk factor for periodontitis, while TAS was a protective factor for periodontitis. The oxidative stress index (OSI) might be valuable for distinguishing periodontitis patients from healthy controls (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve = 0.951).ConclusionIgAN is an independent risk factor of periodontitis, and the Th17 cell‐mediated inflammatory response might be associated with the occurrence of periodontitis in patients with IgAN. Patients with coexisting IgAN and periodontitis exhibit increased oxidative stress, in which TOS and OSI are potential biomarkers for diagnosing periodontitis.
Effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on glycemic control in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes: A short‐term randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Xinran , Lu He , Huo Pengcheng , Jin Dongsiqi , Zhu Yunxuan , Meng Huanxin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole with scaling and root planing (SRP) on periodontal parameters and glycemic control in patients with severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus.BackgroundAdjunctive antibiotics use is advantageous for treating periodontitis in patients with severe periodontitis and diabetes. However, the effects of adjunctive antibiotic use on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels remain unclear.MethodsThis short‐term, randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with severe periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomly allocated to SPR only (i.e., control) or SPR + antibiotics (500 mg of amoxicillin and 200 mg of metronidazole, three times daily for 7 days) groups. Periodontal and hematological parameters were assessed at baseline and 3 months after treatment. Inter‐ and intra‐group analyses were performed using Student's t‐tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, and the binary logistic regression models. p‐values of <.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThis study enrolled 49 patients, with 23 and 26 patients in the SRP‐only and SRP + antibiotics groups, respectively. The periodontal parameters improved significantly and similarly in both groups after treatment (p < .05). The SRP + antibiotics group had more sites of improvement than the SRP‐only group when the initial probing depth was >6 mm. (698 [78.96%] vs. 545 [73.35%], p = .008). The HbA1c levels decreased in the SRP‐only and SRP + antibiotics groups after treatment (0.39% and 0.53%, respectively). The multivariable binary logistic regression model demonstrated that antibiotics administration and a high baseline HbA1c level were associated with a greater reduction in the HbA1c level (odds ratio = 4.551, 95% confidence interval: 1.012–20.463; odds ratio = 7.162, 95% confidence interval: 1.359–37.753, respectively).ConclusionsSRP and SRP plus systemic antibiotics were beneficial for glycemic control. Adjunctive antibiotic use slightly improved the outcome for patients with severe periodontitis and poorly controlled diabetes.
How to avoid the “infrastructural blues”? Studying‐while‐caring for data stewardship
Authors: Murillo Luis Felipe R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen it comes to climate crisis research, current debates are increasingly thematizing the needs but also the challenges of collaborative, transdisciplinary work. Geophysical characterizations of climate change are increasingly deemed insufficient to respond to the challenges that vulnerable communities face worldwide. In this paper, I describe the work of studying‐while‐caring for an environmental data infrastructure in order to address this issue. I suggest framing “data management” anthropologically as a question of collective stewardship that is better conceived as a “knowledge infrastructure” (Edwards 2010) instead of a formal approach to automated data curation. To examine the sociotechnical blindspots of data management, I elaborate on the anthropological concept of “infrastructural blues” based on the data engineering work I conducted. For the conclusion, I discuss the concept of “common” as a substitute for “open” technologies and address the broader implications of the proposed shift toward community stewardship and self‐determination as guiding practices for socio‐environmental data governance.
Evaluation of the effects of dietary advanced glycation end products on inflammation
Authors: Demirer Büşra , Fisunoğlu Mehmet 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a large number of heterogeneous compounds formed by the glycation of proteins, fats or nucleic acids. Endogenous AGEs have been associated with various health problems such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Inflammation is thought to be one of the main mechanisms in the development of these disorders. Although AGEs are produced endogenously in the body, exogenous sources such as smoking and diet also contribute to the body pool. Therefore, when the AGE pool in the body rises above physiological levels, different pathological conditions may occur through various mechanisms, especially inflammation. While the effects of endogenous AGEs on the development of inflammation have been studied relatively extensively, and current evidence indicates that dietary AGEs (dAGEs) contribute to the body's AGE pool, it is not yet known whether dAGEs have the same effect on the development of inflammation as endogenous AGEs. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the results of cross‐sectional and intervention studies to understand whether dAGEs are associated with inflammation and, if there is an effect on inflammation, through which mechanisms this effect might occur.
Chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology in Africa: A review of the literature
Authors: Fiseha Temesgen , Ekong Ndianabasi Ekong , Osborne Nicholas J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDuring the last two decades, an epidemic of a severe form of chronic kidney disease (CKD) unrelated to traditional risk factors (diabetes and hypertension) has been recognized in low‐ to middle‐income countries. CKD of unknown aetiology (CKDu) mainly affects young working‐age adults, and has become as an important and devastating public health issue. CKDu is a multifactorial disease with associated genetic and environmental risk factors. This review summarizes the current epidemiological evidence on the burden of CKDu and its probable environmental risk factors contributing to CKD in Africa. PubMed/Medline and the African Journals Online databases were searched to identify relevant population‐based studies published in the last two decades. In the general population, the burden of CKD attributable to CKDu varied from 19.4% to 79%. Epidemiologic studies have established that environmental factors, including genetics, infectious agents, rural residence, low socioeconomic status, malnutrition, agricultural practise and exposure to agrochemicals, heavy metals, use of traditional herbs, and contaminated water sources or food contribute to the burden of CKD in the region. There is a great need for epidemiological studies exploring the true burden of CKDu and unique geographical distribution, and the role of environmental factors in the development of CKD/CKDu.image
Narrative spillover: A narrative policy framework analysis of critical race theory discourse at multiple levels
Authors: Bertrand Ariell Rose , Lyon Melissa Arnold , Jacobsen Rebecca 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNarrative storytelling surrounds us. Narratives are especially salient in politics, as policy problems do not simply exist, but are actively created through the stories policy actors tell. Scholars introduced the narrative policy framework (NPF) to create a generalized framework for studying how policy actors use storytelling strategically to influence policy. We use the NPF to examine the recent rise of critical race theory (CRT) in policy debates. We demonstrate that increasing exposure to the ban‐CRT narrative plots led to greater support for a ban on CRT, particularly for White and Republican individuals. Finally, we introduce and test the concept of narrative spillover, which provides a new way of thinking about how micro, meso, and macro policy narratives interact to influence‐related political beliefs and macrolevel beliefs about institutions and culture.
From hepatitis B virus infection to acute‐on‐chronic liver failure: The dynamic role of hepatic macrophages
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wu Dongsheng , Tian Xiaoling , Chen Bin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAcute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a progressive disease that is associated with rapid worsening of clinical symptoms and high mortality. A multicentre prospective study from China demonstrated that patients with hepatitis B virus‐related ACLF (HBV‐ACLF) exhibited worse clinical characteristics and higher mortality rates compared to non‐HBV‐ACLF patients. Immune dysregulation is closely linked to the potential mechanisms of initiation and progression of ACLF. Innate immune response, which is represented by monocytes/macrophages, is up‐regulated across ACLF development. This suggests that monocytes/macrophages play an essential role in maintaining the immune homeostasis of ACLF. Information that has been published in recent years shows that the immune status and function of monocytes/macrophages vary in ACLF precipitated by different chronic liver diseases. Monocytes/macrophages have an immune activation effect in hepatitis B‐precipitated‐ACLF, but they exhibit an immune suppression in cirrhosis‐precipitated‐ACLF. Therefore, this review aims to explain whether this difference affects the clinical outcome in HBV‐ACLF patients as well as the mechanisms involved. We summarize the novel findings that highlight the dynamic polarization phenotype and functional status of hepatic macrophages from the stage of HBV infection to ACLF development. Moreover, we discuss how different HBV‐related liver disease tissue microenvironments affect the phenotype and function of hepatic macrophages. In summary, increasing developments in understanding the differences in immune phenotype and functional status of hepatic macrophages in ACLF patients will provide new perspectives towards the effective restoration of ACLF immune homeostasis.
Why do people give to their governments? Lab‐in‐the‐field evidence on the role of norms, social information, and political support
Authors: López‐Pérez Raúl , Ramirez‐Zamudio Aldo , Cruz‐Martínez Gibrán 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough factors leading to selfless acts, such as charitable donations, have been a central concern in political sciences, voluntary donations are among the most atypical and less well‐known public revenue‐raising sources. In this article, we explore which factors influence people's donations to their government. We conduct an artefactual field experiment in Peru where subjects anonymously decide how much of an endowment they freely donate to the government. We run six sessions with a sample that is representative of the taxpayer population of Metropolitan Lima regarding age, gender, and socioeconomic conditions. Our results suggest that donations depend on the subject's support to the government, the average donation by other subjects (social information) and their beliefs about the average donation of others (perceived social norms).
Why we need to complicate things: The teaching and learning of religion beyond simplification
Authors: Roeland Johan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMuch knowledge production, both academic and non‐academic, is driven by a need to simplify the world in order to enable people to navigate the complexities of everyday life. Such simplifications not only risk offering less reliable representations of the world, they can also turn into disruptive and harmful images of the world. In this article, students and teachers in the field of religion and theology are encouraged to value scientific research as a form of knowledge production that complicates things. In an age in which scientific knowledge is constantly contested and in which it competes with other forms of knowledge production (including problematic ones such as fake news, conspiracy theories, stereotyped representations of religion and religious others, and poorly executed journalism), it is important for students to understand that complicating things is a key step in developing reliable knowledge on religion and the (ir)religious other. This article, written for students starting out in the field of theology and religion and for those who teach them, explains how complicating things takes shape in scientific research by discussing three basic elements: (1) not taking things at face value, (2) understanding science as knowledge production and reflecting on science as production, (3) and realizing that there is no absolute certainty.
Cold platelet transfusion: The effects of a fluid warmer on platelet function
Authors: Valencia Morales Diana J. , Klompas Allan M. , Torbenson Jenna M. , Finney Robyn E. , Chen Dong , Stubbs James R. , Nuttall Gregory A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecently the US Food and Drug Administration has granted variances to select blood centers to supply cold‐stored platelet components (CSP). In hemorrhage resuscitation warming of blood components with approved fluid warming devices is common.Study Design and MethodsPathogen‐reduced apheresis platelet units were collected and stored in one of two ways: (1) CSP‐I, (2) CSP‐D. CSP‐I were collected and immediately stored at 1–6°C until used. CSP‐D were collected and stored at 20–24°C for 5 days and transferred to storage at 1–6°C until use. Aggregometry using arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen as agonists was performed on the unit samples before and after the units were infused through a Ranger blood‐warming device.ResultsCSP‐I, 23 units, had very high aggregation responses to all agonists (all ≥47.6 ± 20.7). There was a statistically significant reduction in ADP‐induced aggregometry results from 55.1 ± 23.2 before compared to 33.5 ± 14.6 following infusion of the PLT through the blood warmer (p < .001). There were no differences in AA and collagen aggregometry results before and after the infusion of the platelets through the blood warmer. CSP‐D had 5 of the 15 units with visible clotting in the bag. The 10 CSP‐Ds studied had lower aggregation than all agonists before and after infusion through the blood‐warming device (all ≤49.9 ± 35.9).ConclusionWe detected a statistically significant reduction in ADP‐induced aggregometry in CSP‐I run through a Ranger blood‐warming device with no change with AA or collagen agonist aggregometry.