bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Professionalism in pre‐licensure nursing education: Core values, didactic coursework and clinical training
Authors: Zemlak Jessica , Rodney Tamar , Mangano Emma , Baptiste Diana‐Lyn 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo discuss professionalism for pre‐licensure nursing students and identify recommendations for inclusion in core values, didactic coursework and clinical training.BackgroundProfessionalism is part of the nursing identity that encompasses integrity and honesty. This concept has been difficult to translate into formal education in nursing programs and clinical practice.DesignA discursive paper.Data SourcesA search of national literature without date restrictions in PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar and frameworks for nursing education. We explored principles of professionalism in nursing education and practice.DiscussionEvidence‐based literature supports the integration of core values of altruism, autonomy, human dignity, integrity, honesty and social justice into didactic curricula, and clinical training. Principles of professionalism can be incorporated intentionally in nursing education to maintain patient safety and trust.ConclusionThe principles of professionalism, related to core values of the nursing profession, are abundantly described in the literature. However, these principles represent core values that have not been formally conceptualized. With the changing landscape of healthcare, there is a need for deliberate, measurable integration of professionalism into pre‐licensure education.Patient or Public ContributionThere was no patient or public involvement in the design or drafting of this discursive paper.
The impact of patient–provider relationships on choosing between VA and VA‐purchased care: A qualitative study of health care decision‐making among rural veterans
Authors: Ball Daniel D. , Sadler Anne G. , Steffen Melissa J. , Paez Monica B. , Mengeling Michelle A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeSince the Choice Act in 2014, many Veterans have had greater options for seeking Veteran Affairs (VA)‐purchased care in the community. We investigated factors that influence rural Veterans’ decisions regarding where to seek care.MethodsWe utilized semi‐structured telephone interviews to query Veterans living in rural or highly rural areas of Midwestern states about their health care options, preferences, and experiences. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, thematically coded, and deductively analyzed using a socioecological approach.FindingsForty rural Veterans (20 men/20 women) ages 28–76 years completed interviews in 2019. We found that rural Veterans often spoke about their relationships and interactions with providers as an important factor in deciding where to seek care. They expressed three socioecological qualities of patient–provider relationships that affected their decisions: (1) personal level—rural Veterans traveled longer distances for more compatible patient–provider relationships; (2) interpersonal level—they sought stable patient–provider relationships that encouraged familiarity, trust, and communication; and (3) organizational level—they emphasized shared identities and expertise that fostered a sense of belonging with their provider. Participants also described how impersonal interactions, status differences, and staff turnover impacted their choice of provider and were disruptive to patient–provider relationships.ConclusionsRural Veterans’ interview responses suggest exploring innovative ways to measure socioecological dimensions (i.e., personal, interpersonal, and organizational) of access‐related decisions and patient–provider relationships to better understand health care barriers and needs. Such measures align with the VA's Whole Health approach that emphasizes person‐centered care and the value of social relationships to Veterans’ health.
Identity, Incentives, and Religious Defense of Human Rights: Marshall Meyer and the DAIA in Argentina's Dirty War
Authors: Edwards Pearce , Esparza Gabrielle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhether religious groups advance or limit human rights has been a topic of recent debate among human rights scholars. This article studies the conditions under which religious leaders advance human rights in the context of Argentina's Jewish community during the country's 1976–1983 military dictatorship. Three major influences on religious support for human rights—autonomy from a religious community's establishment, a missionary‐reformer identity, and congregational mobilization—are highlighted. Original archival research from the papers of U.S.‐born rabbi Marshall T. Meyer illustrates his defense of human rights in Argentina, contrasting his work with the inaction of a major established Jewish organization. Quantitative cross‐national analysis extends the case study findings by showing a relationship between religious institutions’ autonomy from the state and defense of human rights.
Dual function of the O‐antigen WaaL ligase of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: Danforth David R. , Melloni Marcella , Thorpe Richard , Cohen Avi , Voogt Richard , Tristano Jake , Mintz Keith P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProtein glycosylation is critical to the quaternary structure and collagen‐binding activity of the extracellular matrix protein adhesin A (EmaA) associated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The glycosylation of this large, trimeric autotransporter adhesin is postulated to be mediated by WaaL, an enzyme with the canonical function to ligate the O‐polysaccharide (O‐PS) antigen with a terminal sugar of the lipid A‐core oligosaccharide of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we have determined that the Escherichia coli waaL ortholog (rflA) does not restore collagen binding of a waaL mutant strain of A. actinomycetemcomitans but does restore O‐PS ligase activity following transformation of a plasmid expressing waaL. Therefore, a heterologous E. coli expression system was developed constituted of two independently replicating plasmids expressing either waaL or emaA of A. actinomycetemcomitans to directly demonstrate the necessity of ligase activity for EmaA collagen binding. Proper expression of the protein encoded by each plasmid was characterized, and the individually transformed strains did not promote collagen binding. However, coexpression of the two plasmids resulted in a strain with a significant increase in collagen binding activity and a change in the biochemical properties of the protein. These results provide additional data supporting the novel hypothesis that the WaaL ligase of A. actinomycetemcomitans shares a dual role as a ligase in LPS biosynthesis and is required for collagen binding activity of EmaA.
An examination of specialness meaning framework threat in reactive and retroactive romantic jealousy experiences
Authors: Frampton Jessica R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExtant jealousy models explain cases of reactive jealousy, which occurs in response to a partner's unambiguous romantic or sexual involvement with a rival from the present. However, they likely cannot explain cases of retroactive romantic jealousy, which is evoked in response to information about a partner's previous romantic or sexual experiences that occurred before the primary relationship began. Some prior theoretical speculation and research suggest that a sense of specialness may be threatened in jealousy‐evoking situations involving either a partner's current or past romantic activities. The idea that jealousy stems from a threat to expectations of specialness is consistent with a broader model of threat, the meaning maintenance model (MMM). The main purpose of this study was to experimentally test MMM predictions in the context of both reactive and retroactive jealousy alongside of predictions derived from extant jealousy models. The study examined the role of attachment as well. Results indicate expectations of specialness were threatened in experiences of both types of jealousy, and a threat to specialness was the only type of threat perceived for retroactive jealousy. The results also help clarify previous findings regarding attachment and romantic jealousy.
Oxidative stress mitigation in horticultural crops using foliar applications of Ilex paraguariensis extract: a dose‐dependent study
Authors: Yonny Melisa E. , Toscano Adamo María L. , Rodríguez Torresi Ariel , Reversat Guillaume , Zhou Binqging , Oger Camille , Galano Jean‐Marie , Durand Thierry , Vigor Claire , Nazareno Mónica A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbiotic stress has been shown to induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells. When the level of ROS surpasses the capacity of the endogenous defence mechanism, oxidative stress status is reached, leading to plant damage and a drop in crop productivity. Under oxidative stress conditions, ROS can react with polyunsaturated fatty acids to form oxidized derivatives called phytoprostanes (PhytoPs) and phytofurans (PhytoFs), which are recognized as biomarkers of oxidative damage advance. Modern agriculture proposes the use of biostimulants as a sustainable strategy to alleviate the negative effects of oxidative stress on plants. This work evaluates the dose effect of natural antioxidant extract to mitigate the oxidative‐stress deleterious effects in melon and sweet pepper exposed to thermal stress. The plants were sprayed with Ilex paraguariensis (IP) aqueous extract in three different concentrations before exposure to abiotic stress. PhytoP and PhytoF levels were determined in the leaves of melon and pepper plants. IP1 and IP2 were effective against oxidative stress in both plants, with IP1 being the most protective one. IP1 decreased the levels of PhytoPs and PhytoFs by roughly 44% in both melon plants and pepper plants. The yield, with IP1, increased by 57 and 39% in stressed melon and pepper plants, respectively. IP3 foliar application in melon plants induced a pro‐oxidant effect rather than the expected mitigating action. However, in sweet pepper plants, IP3 decreased the oxidative stress progress and increased the fruit yield.
Removal of ammonium by‐products produced during biocementation soil improvement using rinse injection strategies
Authors: Lee Minyong , Gomez Michael G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBio‐mediated soil improvement technologies leverage microbial enzymatic and metabolic processes to generate minerals, gases and biopolymers that can improve soil engineering behaviours with the potential to reduce detrimental environmental impacts when compared with conventional methods. Ureolytic biocementation is perhaps the most widely researched of these processes and relies on urea hydrolysis in the presence of calcium to initiate the precipitation of calcium carbonate minerals on soil particle surfaces and contacts, thereby improving soil behaviours. Although effective, urea hydrolysis generates aqueous ammonium by‐products that may result in undesirable environmental and human health impacts, if left unaddressed. Recent studies have shown the potential of rinse solution injections to effectively remove generated ammonium following biocementation through both advective flow and the removal of sorbed ammonium from soil surfaces; however, critical gaps remain in our understanding of the effect of rinse solution composition and injection strategies on ammonium removal efficacy. In this study, 16 soil column experiments were performed to investigate the effect of rinse solution cation types, cation concentrations, applied injection sequences and biocementation treatment variations on the removal of ammonium from a biocemented poorly graded sand. All columns receiving cation‐enriched rinse solutions achieved greater than 98% aqueous, 65% sorbed and 95% total ammonium removal after injecting 12 pore volumes, with no detectable impacts on cementation integrity. Cation‐enriched solutions specifically enhanced sorbed ammonium removal and achieved sorbed ammonium concentrations up to 2 orders of magnitude less than those observed in columns rinsed with deionized water alone. Columns receiving K+‐based rinse solutions and 12 daily 1‐PV rinse injections also achieved greater total ammonium removal when compared with comparable columns receiving rinse solutions containing other cations and continuous 12‐PV rinse injections.
Phylogenomics improves the phylogenetic resolution and provides strong evidence of mito‐nuclear discordance in two genera of a New Zealand cicada (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) species radiation
Authors: Stukel Mark , Porczak Alexandra E. , Gordon Eric R. L. , Vailionis Jason , Haji Diler , Buckley Thomas R. , Lemmon Alan R. , Lemmon Emily Moriarty , Simon Chris 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRapid species radiations present difficulties for phylogenetic reconstruction due to lack of phylogenetic information and processes such as deep coalescence/incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization. Phylogenomic data can overcome some of these difficulties. In this study, we use anchored hybrid enrichment (AHE) nuclear phylogenomic data and mitochondrial genomes recovered from AHE bycatch with several concatenated and coalescent approaches to reconstruct the poorly resolved radiation of the New Zealand cicada species in the genera Kikihia Dugdale and Maoricicada Dugdale. Compared with previous studies using only three to five Sanger‐sequenced genes, we find increased resolution across our phylogenies, but several branches remain unresolved due to topological conflict among genes. Some nodes that are strongly supported by traditional support measures like bootstraps and posterior probabilities still show significant gene and site concordance conflict. In addition, we find strong mito‐nuclear discordance; likely the result of interspecific hybridization events in the evolutionary history of Kikihia and Maoricicada.
Effectiveness of motivational strategies on physical activity behavior and associated outcomes in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Takemura Naomi , Ho Mu‐Hsing , Cheung Denise Shuk Ting , Lin Chia‐Chin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMotivational interviewing is a client‐centered counseling technique widely applied as a behavior change strategy. It has been adopted to help cancer patients modify health behaviors. The effectiveness of motivational interviewing on physical activity behavior and its associated outcomes in cancer patients is unclear.AimThe aim of this review was to determine the effect of motivational interviewing with other motivational strategies on physical activity behavior and associated outcomes in cancer patients.MethodsThis is a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials, following PRISMA guidelines. Eight English databases were searched from inception to October 2022. The outcomes were evaluated using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with fixed‐ and random‐effects models. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed by Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0.ResultsEight trials with 450 participants were identified, with sample sizes ranging from 25 to 87. The number of motivational interviewing sessions ranged from one to 12. The types of motivational strategy intervention varied. Apart from motivational interviewing, pedometers were frequently used as a strategy. The quality of the included studies differed, with one out of eight scoring low in the overall risk of bias. Our meta‐analysis indicated that motivational interviewing with other motivational strategies significantly promoted the total physical activity level (SMD = 0.34, 95% confidence interval [0.10, 0.58], p = .005; low certainty), but not did not affect other physical and psychosocial outcomes.ConclusionThe combination of motivational interviewing with other motivational strategies was beneficial in increasing the total physical activity level of cancer patients.Linking Evidence to ActionMotivational interviewing can be a clinical communication skill that healthcare professionals, especially nurses, can acquire to motivate patients to change their behaviors to promote health. Future studies adopting motivational interviewing interventions could consider additional motivational strategies, such as pedometers, to maximize the benefits on physical activity behaviors.
The Effectiveness of a Sleep Optimization Program on Insomnia, Anxiety, Perceived Stress, and Emotion Dysregulation Among Football Players With Sleep Complaints
Authors: Emami Kazem , Nazari Shahram , Bender Amy M. , Hossini Rasool Norouzi Seyed , Norouzi Ebrahim 
Published: November 2023

Research has shown that elite athletes frequently experience both insufficient and poor-quality sleep. In the present study, we examined the effectiveness of a sleep optimization intervention comprised of mindfulness and sleep hygiene on insomnia severity, symptoms of anxiety, stress, and emotion dysregulation among football players with sleep complaints. Sixty male football players with sleep complaints (mean age = 29.31, SD = 3.8) were randomly assigned to the active control condition (wellness program) or the sleep optimization intervention program (mindfulness plus sleep hygiene). All participants filled out questionnaires on insomnia severity, anxiety, perceived stress, and emotion dysregulation. Three data assessments were made: one at the start of the intervention (baseline), one at the end of the intervention 8 weeks later (posttest), and one 4 weeks after the posttest (follow-up). The severity of insomnia, anxiety, stress, and emotion dysregulation decreased over time in the sleep optimization group from baseline to posttest and at the follow-up. According to the present results, a sleep optimization intervention reduced insomnia, anxiety, stress symptoms, and emotion dysregulation in football players with sleep complaints.
Differential intra-host infection kinetics in
Aedes aegypti
underlie superior transmissibility of African relative to Asian Zika virus
Authors: Phengchat Rinyaporn , Pakparnich Phonchanan , Pethrak Chatpong , Pengon Jutharat , Sartsanga Channarong , Chotiwan Nunya , Uppakara Kwanchanok , Suksirisawat Kittitat , Lambrechts Louis , Jupatanakul Natapong 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Despite numerous studies highlighting the higher transmissibility of the African Zika virus (ZIKV) lineage compared to the Asian lineage in mosquito vectors, little is known about how the viruses interact with different tissues during the early steps of mosquito infection. To address this gap, we aimed to characterize intra-host infection barriers by combining tissue-level monitoring of infection using plaque assays and a novel quantitative analysis of single-cell-level infection kinetics by
in situ
immunofluorescent staining. Our results revealed that, in
Aedes aegypti
, an African ZIKV strain exhibited a higher replication rate across various tissues than an Asian ZIKV strain. This difference was potentially due to a higher virus production in individual cells, faster spread within tissues, or a combination of both factors. Furthermore, we observed that higher blood meal titers resulted in a faster viral spread to neighboring cells suggesting that intra-host infection dynamics depend on inoculum size. We also identified a significant bottleneck during midgut infection establishment for both ZIKV lineages, with only a small percentage of the virus population successfully initiating infection. Finally, the
in situ
immunofluorescent staining technique enabled the examination of virus infection characteristics in different cell types and revealed heterogeneity in viral replication. Together, these findings demonstrate that differences in intra-host infection kinetics underlie differential transmissibility between African and Asian ZIKV lineages. This information could serve as a starting point to further investigate the underlying mechanisms and ultimately inform the development of alternative control strategies.

IMPORTANCE

The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in the Americas highlights its potential public health threat. While the Asian ZIKV lineage has been identified as the main cause of the epidemic, the African lineage, which has been primarily confined to Africa, has shown evidence of higher transmissibility in
Aedes
mosquitoes. To gain a deeper understanding of this differential transmissibility, our study employed a combination of tissue-level infection kinetics and single-cell-level infection kinetics using
in situ
immunofluorescent staining. We discovered that the African ZIKV lineage propagates more rapidly and spreads more efficiently within mosquito cells and tissues than its Asian counterpart. This information lays the groundwork for future exploration of the viral and host determinants driving these variations in propagation efficiency.
Why is safety in intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring so hard? A qualitative study combining human factors/ergonomics and social science analysis
Authors: Lamé Guillaume , Liberati Elisa Giulia , Canham Aneurin , Burt Jenni , Hinton Lisa , Draycott Tim , Winter Cathy , Dakin Francesca Helen , Richards Natalie , Miller Lucy , Willars Janet , Dixon-Woods Mary 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundProblems in intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring with cardiotocography (CTG) remain a major area of preventable harm. Poor understanding of the range of influences on safety may have hindered improvement. Taking an interdisciplinary perspective, we sought to characterise the everyday practice of CTG monitoring and the work systems within which it takes place, with the goal of identifying potential sources of risk.MethodsHuman factors/ergonomics (HF/E) experts and social scientists conducted 325 hours of observations and 23 interviews in three maternity units in the UK, focusing on how CTG tasks were undertaken, the influences on this work and the cultural and organisational features of work settings. HF/E analysis was based on the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety 2.0 model. Social science analysis was based on the constant comparative method.ResultsCTG monitoring can be understood as a complex sociotechnical activity, with tasks, people, tools and technology, and organisational and external factors all combining to affect safety. Fetal heart rate patterns need to be recorded and interpreted correctly. Systems are also required for seeking the opinions of others, determining whether the situation warrants concern, escalating concerns and mobilising response. These processes may be inadequately designed or function suboptimally, and may be further complicated by staffing issues, equipment and ergonomics issues, and competing and frequently changing clinical guidelines. Practice may also be affected by variable standards and workflows, variations in clinical competence, teamwork and situation awareness, and the ability to communicate concerns freely.ConclusionsCTG monitoring is an inherently collective and sociotechnical practice. Improving it will require accounting for complex system interdependencies, rather than focusing solely on discrete factors such as individual technical proficiency in interpreting traces.