bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Privilege and Practice—Challenges for Doctoral Education in Art and Design
Authors: Vaughan Sian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIncreasingly, doctoral education is being challenged to reflect and act on issues of access and equity. I argue that in art and design the expanding doctoral expectations and emphasis on doctoral community impact the multiple and intersectional concerns around diversity, equity and belonging that urgently need to be acknowledged and addressed. The benefits of community are widely acknowledged in the literature on doctoral education, and it is increasingly recognised that there are specific nuances to the needs of practice research doctoral communities. Prompted by insights from interviews with art and design doctoral researchers, I examine available data on participation in doctoral research in art and design in the United Kingdom in conjunction with literature on doctoral education and practice research. My aim is to highlight concerns relating to privilege and belonging in art and design doctorates that should make us increasingly uncomfortable. I believe that as a community art and design in higher education urgently needs to actively consider these issues. As well as indicating the necessity for further research, I argue that conversations are needed to devise and advocate for more inclusive and culturally responsive doctoral education specific to the needs of practice research in art and design.
Ten years of subcutaneous defibrillator therapy: Consolidated clinical evidence and future perspectives
Authors: Magnani Silvia , Ali Hussam , Cappato Riccardo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S‐ICD) was developed as an alternative to the traditional transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (TV‐ICD), aiming to provide easier implantation, simplified detection algorithm of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and prevention from placing components in the cardiovascular system. The S‐ICD is implanted subcutaneously or intramuscularly with the generator placed in the left midaxillary line and the lead tunneled subcutaneously in the left para‐sternal region. Preimplant electrocardiogram screening is recommended to prevent implantation in patients at high risk of T wave over‐sensing. Currently, the S‐ICD is unsuitable for patients requiring pacing or cardiac resynchronization. Since the beginning, the S‐ICD underwent extensive preclinical investigation until the first prospective multicentre trial demonstrating high efficacy and safety led to market release. While earlier studies focused on younger patients with higher ejection fraction, more recent studies showed favorable outcomes even in patients with comorbidities similar to those typically observed in patients receiving TV‐ICD. The development of second and third generation devices has contributed to reduce inappropriate shocks and overcome previous limitations. The aim of this paper is to review the evidence in the literature over the past decade supporting S‐ICD as a valid alternative to TV‐ICD in terms of safety and efficacy, highlighting the improvements in technology, as well as outcomes.
Engineering, applications, and future perspectives of GPCR‐based genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for neuromodulators
Authors: Rohner Valentin Lu , Lamothe‐Molina Paul J. , Patriarchi Tommaso 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis review explores the evolving landscape of G‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR)‐based genetically encoded fluorescent indicators (GEFIs), with a focus on their development, structural components, engineering strategies, and applications. We highlight the unique features of this indicator class, emphasizing the importance of both the sensing domain (GPCR structure and activation mechanism) and the reporting domain (circularly permuted fluorescent protein (cpFP) structure and fluorescence modulation). Further, we discuss indicator engineering approaches, including the selection of suitable cpFPs and expression systems. Additionally, we showcase the diversity and flexibility of their application by presenting a summary of studies where such indicators were used. Along with all the advantages, we also focus on the current limitations as well as common misconceptions that arise when using these indicators. Finally, we discuss future directions in indicator engineering, including strategies for screening with increased throughput, optimization of the ligand‐binding properties, structural insights, and spectral diversity.image
Early spiral arteriole remodeling in the uterine–placental interface: A rat model
Authors: Bacon Sarah J. , Zhu Yuxi , Ghosh Priyanjali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe mammalian placenta's interface with the parent is a richly vascularized tissue whose development relies upon communication between many different cell types within the uterine microenvironment. The uterine blood vessels of the interface are reshaped during pregnancy into wide‐bore, flaccid vessels that convey parental blood to the exchange region of the placenta. Invasive trophoblast as well as parental uterine macrophages and Natural Killer cells are involved in the stepwise remodeling of these vessels and their respective contributions to this crucial process are still being delineated. However, the earliest steps in arteriole remodeling are understudied as they are difficult to study in humans, and other species lack the deep trophoblast invasion that is so prominent a feature of placentation in humans. Here, we further characterize the rat, with deep hemochorial placentation akin to humans, as a model system in which to tease apart the earliest, relatively understudied events in spiral arteriole remodeling. We show that the rat uterine−placental interface increases in size and vascularity rapidly, before trophoblast invasion. The remodeling stages in the arterioles of the rat uterine–placental interface follow a sequence of anatomical changes similar to those in humans, and there are changes to the arterioles' muscular tunica media prior to the marked influx of immune cells. The rat is a tractable model in which to better understand the cell/cell interactions occurring in vivo in an intact tissue microenvironment over time.
Body Dissatisfaction and Health Risk Behaviors Among Middle School Girls
Authors: Perniciaro Kelly , Moore Michele J. , Zeglin Robert J. , Terrell Kassie R. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDPrevious studies demonstrate a relationship between body dissatisfaction and substance use and suicidal ideation among older adolescent girls and young women while less documentation exists for early adolescence. This study explored the relationship between reported weight loss attempts and substance use history and suicidal thoughts among younger female adolescents.METHODSParticipants (n = 1656) were middle school female students who participated in the 2019 Youth Behaviors Risk Survey. Participants were coded as “Trying to lose weight” and “Not trying to lose weight.” Two hierarchal multiple binary logistic regressions were conducted, 1 for each of the dependent variables: (1) substance use history and (2) suicidality.RESULTSFifty‐seven percent of the participants were trying to lose weight, 40% reported suicidal thoughts and 45% reported substance use history. Trying to lose weight was a significant predictor for both substance use (p < .01) and suicidality (p < .001).CONCLUSIONSBody dissatisfaction and its association with risky health behaviors highlight the need for prevention education at earlier ages while reinforcing the need for availability of school counselors.
A portrait of Brazilian healthcare for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Silva Eder R. , Santos Flavia H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn Brazil, the Unified Health System (SUS) is the national health system that offers free medical services to all citizens including all levels of treatment and prevention of diseases, subsidized by the government. Although SUS is universally offered, people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) face challenges regarding healthcare. This article aims to present a description of the healthcare framework for people with I/DD in Brazil, as well as to characterize the Care Network for Person with Disabilities. This is a descriptive study that reports aspects of the structure and functioning of the health system in the country. In addition, we summarize core data from the National Health Survey that characterizes the health condition of people with I/DD in the country. Although Brazil has promoted legislation in favor of the health of people with I/DD and other disabilities, the obstacle is the implementation. Overall, there have been advances in SUS efficacy. However, challenges include long waiting times for diagnosis, habilitation/rehabilitation, inadequate transportation, and insufficient staff training on disability and I/DD, particularly. In this sense, it is necessary to monitor laws and inclusive actions so that the principles of the SUS are actually applied.
Sensory gating and gaining in sleep: the balance between the protection of sleep and the safeness of life (a review)
Authors: Coenen Anton 
Published: January 2024

SummarySleep is a brain state characterised by a low vigilance level and diminished consciousness. Reaction to and processing of external stimuli is attenuated in sleep. During sleep, the reticular thalamic nucleus reduces the flow of sensory activity to the cerebral cortex through inhibition of the thalamus. This sensory gating process facilitates sleep. After reaching the afferent layers of primary cortex, the reduced sensory flow is adjusted, gained, and processed within various cortical layers before being transferred by the corticofugal system back to appropriate subdivisions of the thalamus as feedback. Thalamic subdivisions then dispatch this sensory information to related areas of the cerebral cortex, where it is (sub)consciously perceived. When necessary, a sleeping individual can be awakened by a wake‐up call, either by stimuli indicating danger, or by personally meaningful stimuli. It is safe for a sleeping individual that it can be aroused when necessary. Evidently, there are two processes by which the brain adjusts the response to sensory stimuli before entering (sub)consciousness. Firstly ‘sensory gating’, a process favourable to the maintenance of sleep by reducing the sensory input to the brain through the reticular thalamic nucleus and secondly ‘sensory gaining’, a process implying that the gained preserved sensory input is continuously analysed by the corticofugal system to detect dangerous and relevant environmental elements, indispensable for safeness and well‐being of the sleeper.
Gender differences in the relationship between sleep and age in a Brazilian cohort: the Baependi Heart Study
Authors: Taporoski Tâmara P. , Beijamini Felipe , Alexandria Shaina , Aaby David , von Schantz Malcolm , Pereira Alexandre C. , Knutson Kristen L. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryGender and age are well‐established determinants of health and sleep health that influence overall health, which also often varies by gender and age. Sleep architecture is an important component of sleep health. The goal of this analysis was to examine whether associations between age and sleep stages differ by gender in the absence of moderate–severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a rural setting in Brazil. This study conducted polysomnography recordings in the Baependi Heart Study, a cohort of Brazilian adults. Our sample included 584 women and 309 men whose apnea–hypopnea index was ≤15 events/h. We used splines to distinguish non‐linear associations between age, total sleep time, wake after sleep onset (WASO), N2, N3, and rapid‐eye‐movement sleep. The mean (standard deviation; range) age was 47 (14; 18–89) years. All sleep outcomes were associated with age. Compared to men, women had more N3 sleep and less WASO after adjusting for age. Model‐based comparisons between genders at specific ages showed statistically higher mean WASO for men at ages 60 (+13.6 min) and 70 years (+19.5 min) and less N3 for men at ages 50 (−13.2 min), 60 (−19.0 min), and 70 years (−19.5 min) but no differences at 20, 30, 40 or 80 years. The other sleep measures did not differ by gender at any age. Thus, even in the absence of moderate–severe OSA, sleep architecture was associated with age across adulthood, and there were gender differences in WASO and N3 at older ages in this rural community.
Law, political economy and war reparation: The case of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Begicevic Alma 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhat are the after‐effects of the Bosnia and Herzegovinian (BH) transition from a post‐socialist, post‐genocide, and post‐ethno‐nationalist state into a European liberal democracy? This article makes a case for war reparation and argues that while poverty reduction has not been among the stated aims of transitional justice mechanisms, it is of critical importance to study war victims' deprivation in the context of historical patterns of structural injustice and examine liberal reconstruction policies that failed to provide compensation and legal redress for gross violations of human rights and serious violations of humanitarian law. The article uses the historical sociology approach as a method of analysis to investigate how moving away from a socialist to a capitalist economic model, from war to peace, and from one party political system to liberal democracy has resulted in structural injustice and growing levels of poverty that adversely impact most vulnerable Bosnians. The article presents an argument that the lack of post‐war reparation programs, coupled with an inadequate emphasis on political regime change, poverty reduction programs and social and economic rights such as access to welfare, cash assistance, food, transportation, education, pension, and disability benefits to ensure the quality of living is detrimental to everyday lives of war victims and people who live at the bottom of the society.
Maternally derived avian corticosterone affects offspring genome‐wide DNA methylation in a passerine species
Authors: Miltiadous Anna , Callahan Damien L. , Dujon Antoine M. , Buchanan Katherine L. , Rollins Lee A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAvian embryos develop in an egg composition which reflects both maternal condition and the recent environment of their mother. In birds, yolk corticosterone (CORT) influences development by impacting pre‐ and postnatal growth, as well as nestling stress responses and development. One possible mechanism through which maternal CORT may affect offspring development is via changes to offspring DNA methylation. We sought to investigate this, for the first time in birds, by quantifying the impact of manipulations to maternal CORT on offspring DNA methylation. We non‐invasively manipulated plasma CORT concentrations of egg‐laying female zebra finches (Taeniopygia castanotis) with an acute dose of CORT administered around the time of ovulation and collected their eggs. We then assessed DNA methylation in the resulting embryonic tissue and in their associated vitelline membrane blood vessels, during early development (5 days after lay), using two established methods – liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and methylation‐sensitive amplification fragment length polymorphism (MS‐AFLP). LC–MS analysis showed that global DNA methylation was lower in embryos from CORT‐treated mothers, compared to control embryos. In contrast, blood vessel DNA from eggs from CORT‐treated mothers showed global methylation increases, compared to control samples. There was a higher proportion of global DNA methylation in the embryonic DNA of second clutches, compared to first clutches. Locus‐specific analyses using MS‐AFLP did not reveal a treatment effect. Our results indicate that an acute elevation of maternal CORT around ovulation impacts DNA methylation patterns in their offspring. This could provide a mechanistic understanding of how a mother's experience can affect her offspring's phenotype.
Ḥuṭṭ awlawīya lil‐ʻilm! Sherif Gaber's YouTube Videos and His Views on Science and Religion
Authors: Bigliardi Stefano , Chouhbi Abdelmojib , Ghafil Mohamed Amine , Sounani Malak , Tikrout Issra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article examines the YouTube videos of Egyptian activist Sherif Gaber, an important voice among contemporary critics of religion who have a Muslim background. We scrutinize his ideas, with a focus on Gaber's conceptualization of science, and advance a proposal on how to critically yet moderately engage with Gaber's arguments.
Ashtangayoga for irritable bowel syndrome in a primary care setting: A feasibility study
Authors: Kern Dorian , Lindfors Embla , Lalér Lisa , Lindfors Airene , Ljótsson Brjánn , Lindfors Perjohan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by diarrhea or constipation and other symptoms such as pain, bloating, and flatulence. The disease often has a negative effect on quality of life and is also associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Pharmacological treatments are not always effective, and complementary and alternative treatments are common.MethodsWe conducted a study on a group intervention based on the Ashtanga school of yoga. Fourteen participants (three men, 11 women; average age 51.4, SD = 16) were recruited from primary care, and 10 completed treatment. At pre‐measurement, 4 participants had severe, 9 moderate, and 1 mild IBS, according to the IBS‐SSS scale.Key ResultsThe intervention was regarded as credible (CEQ M = 39.2 SD = 8.8), and no serious adverse events were reported. The intervention showed significant effects on all measurements at post, as follows: IBS‐SSS PRE (M = 272.0 SD = 75.5); IBS‐SSS POST (M = 177.0 SD = 103.5); GSRS‐IBS PRE (M = 48.4 SD = 15.9); GSRS‐IBS POST (M = 37.4 SD = 12.4); VSI PRE (M = 38.8 SD = 10.0) VSI POST (M = 25.9 SD = 10.1); PHQ12 PRE (M = 10.0 SD = 4.3); PHQ12 POST (M = 6.9 SD = 4.3); HADS anxiety PRE (M = 8.9 SD = 5.0) HADS anxiety POST (M = 5.7 SD = 3.3) HADS depression PRE (M = 5.6 SD = 3.2) HADS depression POST (M = 3.8 SD = 2.9) IBS‐QOL PRE (M = 64.5 SD = 12.5) IBS‐QOL POST (M = 72.3 SD = 10.0). The effects were maintained at follow‐up, except for general anxiety and depression. Preliminary effects at 3‐month follow‐up were in the moderate to large range for main outcomes.Conclusion & InferencesA 10‐week group Ashtanga intervention was a feasible intervention for participants with IBS. Preliminary effects were promising and should be explored further in a randomized trial.
Eight EDA mutations in Chinese patients with tooth agenesis and genotype–phenotype analysis
Authors: Yu Kang , Sheng Yihan , Wang Feng , Yang Shuwen , Wan Futang , Lei Ming , Wu Yiqun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTooth agenesis is a common craniofacial malformation, which is often associated with gene mutations. The purpose of this research was to investigate and uncover ectodysplasin A (EDA) gene variants in eight Chinese families affected with tooth agenesis.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from tooth agenesis families and sequenced using whole‐exome sequencing. The expression of ectodysplasin A1 (EDA1) protein was studied by western blot, binding activity with receptor was tested by pull‐down and the NF‐κB transcriptional activity was analyzed by Dual luciferase assay.ResultsEight EDA missense variants were discovered, of which two (c.T812C, c.A1073G) were novel. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that these variants might be pathogenic. The tertiary structure analysis revealed that these eight variants could cause structural damage to EDA proteins. In vitro functional studies demonstrated that the variants greatly affect protein stability or impair the EDA‐EDAR interaction; thereby significantly affecting the downstream NF‐κb transcriptional activity. In addition, we summarized the genotype–phenotype correlation caused by EDA variants and found that EDA mutations leading to NSTA are mostly missense mutations located in the TNF domain.ConclusionOur results broaden the variant spectrum of the EDA gene associated with tooth agenesis and provide valuable information for future genetic counseling.
NAT10/CEBPB/vimentin signalling axis promotes adenoid cystic carcinoma malignant phenotypes in vitro
Authors: Fu Min , Gao Qian , Xiao Mian , Sun Xin‐Yi , Li Sheng‐Lin , Ge Xi‐Yuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the biological function and mechanisms of CEBPB and NAT10‐mediated N4‐acetylcytidine (ac4c) modification in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC).Materials and MethodsCEBPB and NAT10 were knocked down in SACC–LM cells by siRNA transfection and overexpressed in SACC‐83 cells by plasmid transfection. Malignant phenotypes were evaluated using CCK‐8, Transwell migration and colony formation assays. Real‐time PCR, western blotting, ChIP and acRIP were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved.ResultsWe found that CEBPB was highly expressed in SACC tissues and correlated with lung metastasis and unfavourable prognosis. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments revealed that CEBPB promoted SACC malignant phenotypes. Mechanistically, CEBPB exerted its oncogenic effect by binding to the vimentin gene promoter region to enhance its expression. Moreover, NAT10‐mediated ac4c modification led to stabilization and overexpression of CEBPB in SACC cells. We also found that NAT10, the only known human enzyme responsible for ac4C modification, promoted SACC cell migration, proliferation and colony formation. Moreover, CEBPB overexpression restored the inhibitory effect of NAT10 knockdown on malignant phenotypes.ConclusionsOur study reveals the critical role of the newly identified NAT10/CEBPB/vimentin axis in SACC malignant progression, and the findings may be applied to improve treatment for SACC.
The chromosome‐level assembly of the wild diploid alfalfa genome provides insights into the full landscape of genomic variations between cultivated and wild alfalfa
Authors: Shi Kun , Dong Hongbin , Du Huilong , Li Yuxian , Zhou Le , Liang Chengzhi , Şakiroğlu Muhammet , Wang Zan 
Published: January 2024

SummaryAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important forage legumes in the world, including autotetraploid (M. sativa ssp. sativa) and diploid alfalfa (M. sativa ssp. caerulea, progenitor of autotetraploid alfalfa). Here, we reported a high‐quality genome of ZW0012 (diploid alfalfa, 769 Mb, contig N50 = 5.5 Mb), which was grouped into the Northern group in population structure analysis, suggesting that our genome assembly filled a major gap among the members of M. sativa complex. During polyploidization, large phenotypic differences occurred between diploids and tetraploids, and the genetic information underlying its massive phenotypic variations remains largely unexplored. Extensive structural variations (SVs) were identified between ZW0012 and XinJiangDaYe (an autotetraploid alfalfa with released genome). We identified 71 ZW0012‐specific PAV genes and 1296 XinJiangDaYe‐specific PAV genes, mainly involved in defence response, cell growth, and photosynthesis. We have verified the positive roles of MsNCR1 (a XinJiangDaYe‐specific PAV gene) in nodulation using an Agrobacterium rhizobia‐mediated transgenic method. We also demonstrated that MsSKIP23_1 and MsFBL23_1 (two XinJiangDaYe‐specific PAV genes) regulated leaf size by transient overexpression and virus‐induced gene silencing analysis. Our study provides a high‐quality reference genome of an important diploid alfalfa germplasm and a valuable resource of variation landscape between diploid and autotetraploid, which will facilitate the functional gene discovery and molecular‐based breeding for the cultivars in the future.