bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational Design of Environmentally Friendly Carbon Nanotube Embedded Artificial Vesicle‐Structured Photocatalysts for Organic Pollutants Degradation
Authors: Wang Lina , Chen Tianyu , Cui Yanjuan , Wu Junwen , Zhou Xueyan , Xu Meifeng , Liu Zhiqiang , Mao Wei , Zeng Xuemin , Shen Wei , Liu Chang , Zhu Jia , Song Juan , Peng Luming , Zheng Sitong , Shi Hai‐Wei , Tang Sheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic degradation is one of the most promising methods for addressing environmental issues without introducing pollution sources. Nonetheless, the majority of works are devoted to explore high‐efficiency semiconductor photocatalysts, but the potential environmental risks in their application are usually neglected. In this work, an environmentally friendly vesicle‐structured photocatalyst is rationally designed by employing magnetic layered double oxide‐hollow spheres@antimony tin oxide as a core, phospholipid as membrane, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as channels, yielding a multi‐structural material with robust organic pollutants photocatalytic degradation and mineralization ability. Materials characterization, computational modeling, and cytotoxicity tests suggest that under visible light irradiation, photogenerated charges can be rapidly generated and transfer in the core composite, and H2O2 can be effectively activated to generate hydroxyl radical for organic pollutants rapid degradation. The construction of phospholipid membranes and embedded CNTs not only maintains the photodegradation performance of the material, but also restrains its environmental risk. Such a synthetic approach advances the development of bionic photocatalytic materials.
Over 18.8% Efficiency of Layer‐By‐Layer Organic Photovoltaics Enabled by Ameliorating Exciton Utilization in Acceptor Layer
Authors: Tian Hongyue , Xu Wenjing , Liu Zhongyuan , Xie Yongchao , Zhang Wenqing , Xu Yujie , Jeong Sang Young , Zhang Fenghua , Weng Nan , Zhang Zijian , Wang Kai , Sun Qianqian , Zhang Jian , Li Xiong , Du Xiaoyan , Hao Xiaotao , Woo Han Young , Ma Xiaoling , Zhang Fujun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe layer‐by‐layer (LbL) organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are constructed with wide‐bandgap donor PM1 and narrow‐bandgap acceptor L8‐BO. The exciton utilization near cathode is still challenging considering restricted diffusion distance of excitons and inability for transferring energy from L8‐BO to PM1. Herein, donor incorporation into acceptor layer (DIA) strategy is employed to improve exciton utilization near cathode. The efficiency of LbL OPVs can be improved from 18.02% to 18.81% by incorporating 10 wt% PM1 into L8‐BO layer, which is closely associated with efficient exciton separation into L8‐BO layer originated from more adequate donor/acceptor interface for faster charge transfer, as evidenced by magneto‐photocurrent and transient absorption results. The in situ test and morphological characterization clarify that molecular packing property can be improved benefited from prolonged aggregation and nucleation time of acceptor layer assisted by DIA strategy, contributing to more efficient charge transport and inhibited charge recombination in active layers. The thickness insensitive property of LbL OPVs can be also improved induced by DIA strategy, indicated by PCE retention value (82.2% vs. 74.0%) for PM1/L8‐BO:PM1 and PM1/L8‐BO OPVs when acceptor layer thickness increased to ≈180 nm. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of DIA strategy in improving efficiency and thickness tolerance of LbL OPVs.
Metal–Organic Framework Nanocomposites in Conquering Hypoxia for Tumor Therapy
Authors: Zhou Shizhao , Jia Fan , Wei Yingying , Du Jinglei , Liu Jie , Dong Wenhui , Sui Jieyu , Xue Wenqiang , Yang Yongzhen , Chen Lin , Meng Xianwei , Yu Shiping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHypoxia, as a distinctive feature of tumors, is closely related to tumor recurrence, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Metal–organic framework (MOF) exhibits an increasing number of advantages in cancer therapy owing to its porous structure, large specific surface area, and tunable function. The MOF nanocomposites constructed by adjusting components can effectively overcome tumor hypoxia and significantly enhance the anti‐tumor effect. In this review, the hypoxic characteristics of tumors and current strategies for constructing MOF nanocomposites that can overcome tumor hypoxia are summarized, including for delivering O2 or endogenously generating O2 to elevate intra‐tumor O2 content; inhibiting HIF‐1 and its induced products to alleviate tumor hypoxia; reducing cellular aerobic respiration to decrease cellular O2 consumption, and exacerbating hypoxia to improve the efficacy of hypoxia‐activated pre‐drugs. At the same time, the applications of MOF nanocomposites applied to overcome tumor hypoxia in different therapeutic methods at the present stage are described, and finally, the challenges and opportunities in further development of MOF nanocomposites are discussed.
Acceleration of the Diels‐Alder Reaction between 9‐Functionalized Anthracenes and C60/C70 in the Cavity of a Water Soluble Subphthalocyanine Cage
Authors: Salazar Ainhoa , Labella Jorge , Kumar Sunit , Torres Tomás , de la Torre Gema 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHerein we report on the acceleration of the Diels‐Alder reaction between a series of 9‐functionalized anthracenes and C60/C70 encapsulated in a water‐soluble metallo‐organic Pd(II)‐subphthalocyanine cage (SubPc‐cage), which performs as a catalytic molecular reactor that provides a beneficial hydrophobic environment. Negatively and positively charged anthracenes do not react either with C60 or C70, due to a favored solvation in water medium and/or to detrimental interactions with positively‐charged Pd(II) corners of SubPc‐cage. Experiments with C60 and C70 rendered parallel results, although C70 proved more reactive, leading to anthracene cycloadducts by reaction in the α bonds. All the results have been rationalized by theoretical calculations at the GFN2‐xTB level.
Measurement of Human Urine Specific Gravity Using Nanoplasmonics: A Paradigm Shift from Scales to Biosensors
Authors: Bhalla Nikhil 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUrine Specific Gravity (USG) is a direct indicator of the osmolarity of the urine and therefore it can be considered as a nonspecific marker of several underlying diseases which result in changes in hydration levels of the body. Here, a biosensor based on the principle of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is developed, which utilizes its refractive index sensing properties to measure USG with a sensitivity of 79.21 nm USG−1unit. Additionally, the sensor can measure the serum protein content within the urine. Traditionally, handheld refractometers are used to measure USG which are operated as calibrated refractive index scales rather than a sensor. A simple experiment demonstrating the advantage of a sensor over scale, with LSPR as the transduction method, is also conducted to highlight the enhanced sensitivity of a sensor over a scale. Finally, analysis of results with an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, principal component analysis (PCA), demonstrate the feasibility of automating or perhaps adding artificial intelligence to such sensors, thereby exemplifying a potential paradigm shift from refractive index scales to sensors in USG measurement.
Dampened Regulatory Circuitry of TEAD1/ITGA1/ITGA2 Promotes TGFβ1 Signaling to Orchestrate Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Cruz Sara P. , Zhang Qin , Devarajan Raman , Paia Christos , Luo Binjie , Zhang Kai , Koivusalo Saara , Qin Longguang , Xia Jihan , Ahtikoski Anne , Vaarala Markku , Wenta Tomasz , Wei Gong‐Hong , Manninen Aki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes substantial changes during prostate cancer (PCa) progression, thereby regulating PCa growth and invasion. Herein, a meta‐analysis of multiple PCa cohorts is performed which revealed that downregulation or genomic loss of ITGA1 and ITGA2 integrin genes is associated with tumor progression and worse prognosis. Genomic deletion of both ITGA1 and ITGA2 activated epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in benign prostate epithelial cells, thereby enhancing their invasive potential in vitro and converting them into tumorigenic cells in vivo. Mechanistically, EMT is induced by enhanced secretion and autocrine activation of TGFβ1 and nuclear targeting of YAP1. An unbiased genome‐wide co‐expression analysis of large PCa cohort datasets identified the transcription factor TEAD1 as a key regulator of ITGA1 and ITGA2 expression in PCa cells while TEAD1 loss phenocopied the dual loss of α1‐ and α2‐integrins in vitro and in vivo. Remarkably, clinical data analysis revealed that TEAD1 downregulation or genomic loss is associated with aggressive PCa and together with low ITGA1 and ITGA2 expression synergistically impacted PCa prognosis and progression. This study thus demonstrated that loss of α1‐ and α2‐integrins, either via deletion/inactivation of the ITGA1/ITGA2 locus or via loss of TEAD1, contributes to PCa progression by inducing TGFβ1‐driven EMT.
An Ultra‐Low Self‐Discharge Aqueous|Organic Membraneless Battery with Minimized Br2 Cross‐Over
Authors: Yang Han , Lin Shiyu , Qu Yunpeng , Wang Guotao , Xiang Shuangfei , Liu Fuzhu , Wang Chao , Tang Hao , Wang Di , Wang Zhoulu , Liu Xiang , Zhang Yi , Wu Yutong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBatteries dissolving active materials in liquids possess safety and size advantages compared to solid‐based batteries, yet the intrinsic liquid properties lead to material cross‐over induced self‐discharge both during cycling and idle when the electrolytes are in contact, thus highly efficient and cost‐effective solutions to minimize cross‐over are in high demand. An ultra‐low self‐discharge aqueous|organic membraneless battery using dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr) added to a zinc bromide (ZnBr2) solution as the electrolyte is demonstrated. The polybromide is confined in the organic phase, and bromine (Br2) diffusion‐induced self‐discharge is minimized. At 90% state of charge (SOC), the membraneless ZnBr2|TBABr (Z|T) battery shows an open circuit voltage (OCV) drop of only 42 mV after 120 days, 152 times longer than the ZnBr2 battery, and superior to 102 previous reports from all types of liquid active material batteries. The 120‐day capacity retention of 95.5% is higher than commercial zinc‐nickel (Zn–Ni) batteries and vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB, electrolytes stored separately) and close to lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) batteries. Z|T achieves >500 cycles (2670 h, 0.5 m electrolyte, 250 folds of membraneless ZnBr2 battery) with ≈100% Coulombic efficiency (CE). The simple and cost‐effective design of Z|T provides a conceptual inspiration to regulate material cross‐over in liquid‐based batteries to realize extended operation.
Interpretable Predicting Creep Rupture Life of Superalloys: Enhanced by Domain‐Specific Knowledge
Authors: Yin Jiawei , Rao Ziyuan , Wu Dayong , Lv Haopeng , Ma Haikun , Long Teng , Kang Jie , Wang Qian , Wang Yandong , Su Ru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEvaluating and understanding the effect of manufacturing processes on the creep performance in superalloys poses a significant challenge due to the intricate composition involved. This study presents a machine‐learning strategy capable of evaluating the effect of the heat treatment process on the creep performance of superalloys and predicting creep rupture life with high accuracy. This approach integrates classification and regression models with domain‐specific knowledge. The physical constraints lead to significantly enhanced prediction accuracy of the classification and regression models. Moreover, the heat treatment process is evaluated as the most important descriptor by integrating machine learning with superalloy creep theory. The heat treatment design of Waspaloy alloy is used as the experimental validation. The improved heat treatment leads to a significant enhancement in creep performance (5.5 times higher than the previous study). The research provides novel insights for enhancing the precision of predicting creep rupture life in superalloys, with the potential to broaden its applicability to the study of the effects of heat treatment processes on other properties. Furthermore, it offers auxiliary support for the utilization of machine learning in the design of heat treatment processes of superalloys.
Controllable Sulfurization of MXenes to In‐Plane Multi‐Heterostructures for Efficient Sulfur Redox Kinetics
Authors: Li Xiang , Zuo Yinze , Zhang Yongzheng , Wang Jian , Wang Yanli , Yu Huimei , Zhan Liang , Ling Licheng , Du Zhiguo , Yang Shubin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough in‐plane heterostructure with high ion transport pathway and unique interfacial atomic structure offers endless possibilities in the catalysis field, it is still challenging to directly synthesize MXene‐based in‐plane heterostructure due to the differences in crystal structures and growth conditions. Here, Mo2C–MoS2 in‐plane multi‐heterostructures are synthesized by topological conversion of sandwich‐like mesoporous Mo2C–SiO2 layers in sulfur vapor and subsequent removal of SiO2. During the conversion process, the exposed Mo2C will efficiently converted to 2H phase MoS2, meanwhile, the covered Mo2C remained stable, affording metallic Mo2C MXene and semiconducting MoS2 in‐plane multi‐heterostructures compatible in one layer. The resultant Mo2C–MoS2 layer has multiple heterointerfaces, build‐in electric fields as well as abundant defects. Such structural features enable to improve of the electrochemical active surface area (16.4 mF cm−2), which not only facilitates the bidirectional sulfur electrochemistry between solid Li2S and soluble lithium polysulfides, but also enhances the transfer kinetics of electrons and ions, giving rise to a high‐rate performance (642 mAh g−1 at 5 C) and a long‐term cycle life (1000 cycles at 5 C) in lithium–sulfur batteries.
Design of Star‐Shaped Trimer Acceptors for High‐Performance (Efficiency > 19%), Photostable, and Mechanically Robust Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Lee Jin‐Woo , Sun Cheng , Lee Jinho , Kim Dong Jun , Kang Won Jung , Lee Seungbok , Kim Donguk , Park Jinseok , Phan Tan Ngoc‐Lan , Tan Zhengping , Kim Felix Sunjoo , Lee Jung‐Yong , Bao Xichang , Kim Taek‐Soo , Kim Yun‐Hi , Kim Bumjoon J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh power conversion efficiency (PCE), long‐term stability, and mechanical robustness are prerequisites for the commercial applications of organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, a new star‐shaped trimer acceptor (TYT‐S) is developed and high‐performance OSCs with a PCE of 19.0%, high photo‐stability (t80% lifetime = 2600 h under 1‐sun illumination), and mechanical robustness with a crack‐onset strain (COS) of 21.6% are achieved. The isotropic molecular structure of TYT‐S affords efficient multi‐directional charge transport and high electron mobility. Furthermore, its amorphous structure prevents the formation of brittle crystal‐to‐crystal interfaces, significantly enhancing the mechanical properties of the OSC. As a result, the TYT‐S‐based OSCs demonstrate a significantly higher PCE (19.0%) and stretchability (COS = 21.6%) than the linear‐shaped trimer acceptor (TYT‐L)‐based OSCs (PCE = 17.5% and COS = 6.4%) and the small‐molecule acceptor (MYT)‐based OSCs (PCE = 16.5% and COS = 1.3%). In addition, the increased molecular size of TYT‐S, relative to that of MYT and dimer (DYT), suppresses the diffusion kinetics of the acceptor molecules, substantially improving the photostability of the OSCs. Finally, to effectively demonstrate the potential of TYT‐S, intrinsically stretchable (IS)‐OSCs are constructed. The TYT‐S‐based IS‐OSCs exhibit high device stretchability (strain at PCE80% = 31%) and PCE of 14.4%.
Tuning Surface Rock‐Salt Layer as Effective O Capture for Enhanced Structure Durability of LiCoO2 at 4.65 V
Authors: Ding Wangyang , Ren Hengyu , Li Zijian , Shang Mingjie , Song Yongli , Zhao Wenguang , Chang Liang , Pang Tianlu , Xu Shenyang , Yi Haocong , Zhou Lin , Lin Hai , Zhao Qinghe , Pan Feng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecently, the rock‐salt (RS) phases are utilized to enhance the surface stability of LiCoO2 (LCO), however, the optimization mechanism still remains vague. Herein, the structure stability of LCO is successfully enhanced via constructing a tough surface RS layer (≈5 nm), namely, the RS‐LCO. This surface RS layer plays a significant role on capturing the migrated lattice O ions upon charging, leading to the progressive phase transition from an inert RS phase to an ionic conductive spinel phase in the surface, and suppresses the bulk H1‐3 separation beyond 4.6 V. As a result, not only the oxygen redox induced side reactions are greatly reduced, but also the Li+‐ion's transport is significantly promoted. The RS‐LCO/Li cells show a remarkable cycle stability with 89.7% capacity retention after 1000 cycles in 3–4.6 V at current of 1 C (1 C = 200 mA g−1), and 81.2% capacity retention after 400 cycles in 3–4.65 V at 1 C. Besides, the RS‐LCO/graphite cells show nearly no capacity decay in 600 cycles in 3–4.55 V at 1 C. This work provides a new insight to understand the role of surface RS phase layer on developing the advanced LCO.
Attitudes to medication and effects of IBD nursing service among patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan
Authors: Yang Chen‐Ta , Hsu Tsui‐Chun , Chen Yang‐Yuan , Huang Siou‐Ping , Yen Hsu‐Heng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMedication adherence is crucial in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to evaluate attitudes to medication and the effects of IBD nursing services in a Taiwanese cohort. Sixty four adult patients with IBD were invited to complete a questionnaire at Changhua Christian Hospital between October 2020 and June 2021. All the patients (32 with Crohn's disease and 32 with ulcerative colitis) completed the questionnaire. Regarding medication adherence, most patients were highly or moderately adherent and reported never or sometimes forgetting to take medication (100% for steroids and 90.7% to 91.2% for other medications). Regarding worries about adverse reactions, 38.8%, 40.3%, 12.8%, and 6.1% of patients never or rarely, sometimes, often, and always felt worried about adverse reactions, respectively. Regarding the usefulness of IBD nursing service for disease education, medication education, and scheduling of an outpatient clinic, approximately 10.9% to 12.5% of patients felt useful, and 78.1% felt very useful. Our study showed a higher adherence rate and lower worries about adverse reactions, which may be the effects of IBD nursing service at our institution.
Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Stereomutation Through gem‐Difluorocyclopropanylide Intermediates
Authors: Akaishi Dai , Sekine Keisuke , Ito Shigekazu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA desilylation process of optically active silyl‐substituted gem‐difluorocyclopropanes with tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) showed a substantial reduction of enantiopurity of the resultant gem‐difluorocyclopropanes even at ambient temperatures. The electron‐withdrawing aryl substituent at the 3‐position in the 1‐silyl‐2,2‐difluorocyclopropane system accelerated the racemization, indicating a correlation with the stability of the anionic intermediates. The plausible racemization pathway through homolytic cleavage of the distal bond in gem‐difluorocyclopropane is inconsistent with the experimental results because the high energy of >34 kcal/mol is required for generating the open‐shell 2,2‐difluoropropane‐1,3‐diyl skeleton. The DFT studies using the anionic 2,2‐difluoromethyl‐3‐phenylcyclopropanylide intermediate supported the alternative isomerization pathway through the intramolecular migration of hydrogen and the resultant thermodynamically stable 2,2‐difluoromethyl‐1‐phenylcyclopropanylide anion could facilitate the racemization process at the stereocenter. Although the transition state indicated considerable activation energies, the high frequency of imaginary vibration should correlate with a barrier of a very narrow width enabling quantum tunneling under the H‐migration step. The observed isotope effect is compatible with the proposed mechanism through the intramolecular H‐migration.
Trifluoroacetyl‐Containing Scaffolds Assisted in Total Synthesis of Oxostephanine and Thailandine and Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Vijitphan Pongsit , Makarasen Arthit , Baicharoen Apisara , Patnin Suwicha , Reukngam Nanthawan , Khlaychan Panita , Sirithana Wandee , Techasakul Supanna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study is the first to fully synthesize oxostephanine (1) and thailandine (2), two aporphine alkaloids that were originally found in Stephania venosa (Blume) Spreng. The synthesis described in this study utilized commercially available starting materials, namely 2‐bromo‐6‐methoxybenzaldehyde and 3,4‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde. The B‐ring moiety of aporphines was successfully synthesized through the utilization of the Bischler‐Napieralski cyclization process. The synthesis of the C ring in oxoaporphine was accomplished using an order of crucial steps, namely biaryl coupling, incorporation of trifluoroacetyl‐containing scaffolds, and palladium coupling, followed by oxidation using Fremy's salt. The synthesis of oxostephanine (1) and thailandine (2) was successfully achieved in 11 and 12 steps, respectively, resulting in equivalent overall yields of 11.7 %. This study aimed to increase amount of interested compounds and explore the biological activity of those compounds. In this study, both compounds were subjected to testing for antibacterial activity using the CLSI standard M100 guideline. Oxostephanine (1) has shown significant antibacterial efficacy against gram‐positive bacteria and bacterial biofilms, as seen by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 7.8 to 125 μg/mL. Conversely, higher MIC values of 250 μg/mL indicated that thailandine (2) exhibited limited antimicrobial activity.
Future directions of lung‐protective ventilation strategies in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Hoshino Taiki , Yoshida Takeshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by the heterogeneous distribution of lung aeration along a gravitational direction due to increased lung density. Therefore, the lung available for ventilation is usually limited to ventral, nondependent lung regions and has been called the “baby” lung. In ARDS, ventilator‐induced lung injury is known to occur in nondependent “baby” lungs, as ventilation is shifted to ventral, nondependent lung regions, increasing stress and strain. To protect this nondependent “baby” lung, the clinician targets and limits global parameters such as tidal volume and plateau pressure. In addition, positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) is used to prevent dorsal, dependent atelectasis and, if successful, increases the size of the baby lung and lessens its susceptibility to injury from inspiratory stretch. Although many clinical trials have been performed in patients with ARDS over the last two decades, there are few successfully showing benefits on mortality (ie, prone positioning and neuromuscular blocking agents). These disappointing results contrast with other medical disciplines, especially in oncology, where the heterogeneity of diseases is recognized widely and precision medicine has been promoted. Thus, lung‐protective ventilation strategies need to take an innovative approach that accounts for the heterogeneity of injured lungs. This article summarizes ventilator‐induced lung injury and ARDS and discusses how to implement precision medicine in the field of ARDS. Potentially useful methods to individualize PEEP with esophageal balloon manometry, lung recruitability, and electrical impedance tomography were discussed.