bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taxifolin‐mediated Nrf2 activation ameliorates oxidative stress and apoptosis for the treatment of glucocorticoid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Jiang Hongyi , Lin Chihao , Cai Tingwen , Jiang Liting , Lou Chao , Lin Shida , Wang Weidan , Yan Zijian , Pan Xiaoyun , Xue Xinghe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlucocorticoid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GIONFH) is the main complication secondary to long‐term or excessive use of glucocorticoids (GCs). Taxifolin (TAX) is a natural antioxidant with various pharmacological effects, such as antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic properties. The purpose of this study was to explore whether TAX could regulate oxidative stress and apoptosis in GIONFH by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. We conducted qRT‐PCR, Western blotting, TUNEL assays, flow cytometry, and other experiments in vitro. Microcomputed tomography analysis, hematoxylin–eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining were performed to determine the therapeutic effect of TAX in vivo. TAX mitigated the overexpression of ROS and NOX gene expression induced by DEX, effectively reducing oxidative stress. Additionally, TAX could alleviate DEX‐induced osteoblast apoptosis, as evidenced by qRT‐PCR, Western blotting, and other experimental techniques. Our in vivo studies further demonstrated that TAX mitigates the progression of GIONFH in rats by combating oxidative stress and apoptosis. Mechanistic exploration revealed that TAX thwarts the progression of GIONFH through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Overall, our research herein reports that TAX‐mediated Nrf2 activation ameliorates oxidative stress and apoptosis for the treatment of GIONFH.
What are the optimum discrete angles to use in thermal‐infrared radiative transfer calculations?
Authors: Hogan Robin J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs computer power increases, there is a need to investigate the potential gains of using more than two streams in the radiative transfer calculations of weather and climate models. In this article, seven quadrature schemes for selecting the zenith angles and weights of these streams are evaluated rigorously in terms of the accuracy of thermal‐infrared radiative transfer calculations. In addition, a new method is presented for generating “optimized” angles and weights that minimize the thermal‐infrared irradiance and heating‐rate errors for a set of clear‐sky training profiles. It is found that the standard approach of applying Gauss–Legendre quadrature in each hemisphere is the least accurate of all those tested for two and four streams. For clear‐sky irradiance calculations, “optimized” quadrature is between one and two orders of magnitude more accurate than Gauss–Legendre for any number of streams. For all‐sky calculations in which scattering becomes important, a form of Gauss–Jacobi quadrature is found to be most accurate for between four and eight streams, but with Gauss–Legendre being the most accurate for 10 or more streams. No single quadrature scheme performs best in all situations, because computing irradiances involves two different integrals over angle and the relative importance of each integral depends on the amount of scattering taking place. Additional optimized quadratures for clear‐sky and all‐sky calculations with four to eight streams are presented that constrain the relationships between angles in a way that reduces the number of exponentials that need to be computed in a radiative transfer solver.
2 µm Ghost Spectroscopy with an Integrated Silicon Quantum Photonics Source
Authors: Sanna Matteo , Rizzotti Davide , Signorini Stefano , Pavesi Lorenzo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA ghost spectroscopy measurement with an entangled photon source is demonstrated. The transmission spectrum at the 2 m absorption peak of gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) is measured in a highly noisy environment. Despite the noise, a high sensitivity is obtained, a value that is larger than the one found for a classical spectroscopy measurement performed in the same conditions. The probe photons are time‐energy correlated photon pairs generated through intermodal spontaneous four‐wave mixing in a silicon waveguide. This observation opens the way to low‐cost on‐chip MIR sensors insensitive to environmental noise.
An Efficient Copper‐Catalyzed Regioselective One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2‐a]benzimidazole and Its Derivatives
Authors: Kommuri Venkata Chandrasekhar , Vijayan Ajesh , Pawar Lokesh , Arunachalampillai Athimoolam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA facile and effectual regioselective one‐pot synthesis protocol has been developed for the construction of pyrido[1,2‐a]benzimidazole and its derivatives using Copper(I) bromide as the catalyst, 1,10‐phenanthroline as ligand, and K3PO4 (Tripotassium phosphate) as the base in Dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent at 110 °C for 12 h. The reaction conditions were optimized by screening various copper catalysts, ligands, solvents, and bases. The substrate scope of the reaction was also carried out with electron‐withdrawing and donating functional groups to prepare novel functionalized regioselective benzimidazole compounds in good to excellent yields. All the isolated compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C, and 19F NMR.
A Selective and Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B6) in Pharmaceutic Tablet
Authors: Koçak Berna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, a copper (II) oxide‐glutardialdehyde modified boron doped diamond electrode was used as a sensor for the electroanalysis of pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) for the first time. A copper oxide‐glutardialdehyde modified boron doped diamond electrode (CuO‐GA2/BDDE) was prepared by a simple drop casting method on boron diamond electrode (BDDE) by suspending CuO with glutardialdehyde (CuO‐GA2). The electrochemical behavior of vitamin B6 was examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and its electrochemical determination was found by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under optimum experimental conditions, the linear working range of vitamin B6 on CuO‐GA2/BDDE via the DPV method was calculated as 5.96×10−6–3.75×10−4 mol.L−1. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 1.99×10−7 mol.L−1. In order to demonstrate the selectivity of the method improved for the quantitative determination of vitamin B6 on the CuO‐GA2/BDDE, the interference effect of some cations (Zn2+, Cu2+, Pb2+) and anions (NO3−, Cl−) was investigated via the DPV method. The improved electrode was successfully used for the electroanalysis of vitamin B6 in a tablet sample of the commercial Tribeksol® (deva) (250/250/1 mg B1+B6+B12).
Postponing sleep after a stressful day: Patterns of stress, bedtime procrastination, and sleep outcomes in a daily diary approach
Authors: Schmidt Laura I. , Baetzner Anke S. , Dreisbusch Marina I. , Mertens Alica , Sieverding Monika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSleep problems and stress are common among students and are associated with negative effects on academic performance as well as mental and physical health risks, but studies exploring mediating factors between stress and sleep on a daily basis are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of daily stress, Bedtime procrastination (BP) (i.e., postponing bedtime without external reasons), and sleep outcomes controlling for trait factors such as self‐control. N = 96 students at a German university (M = 22.2 years, SD = 4.0) wore a sleep‐tracking wearable (Fitbit Charge HR) for two weeks to assess sleep duration and to calculate the gap between the intended time to go to sleep and the objectively measured time of falling asleep. Stress, intended time to go to sleep, and sleep quality were assessed via daily diaries. Established questionnaires were used to measure trait self‐control, trait BP, and smartphone addiction. Multilevel analyses indicated that more stress experienced during the day was associated with more BP (b = 2.32, p = 0.008), shorter sleep duration (b = −3.46, p = 0.003), and lower sleep quality (b = 1.03, p = 0.005) after controlling for several trait factors. The association of daily stress with sleep outcomes (quality and duration) was partly mediated by BP. Our findings indicate that BP might be one factor that contributes to stress‐linked decreases in sleep duration and quality. Potential reasons for stress‐related later time to fall asleep—like higher physiological arousal or stress‐related worries—should be investigated in future studies.
Teaching elevator pitch presentations through a multimodal lens: Insights from ESP students' experiences
Authors: Beltrán‐Palanques Vicent 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProfessional and academic communication is changing rapidly due to the evolution of new technologies. In the context of language teaching, this scenario offers possibilities for genre innovation (Hafner & Miller, 2018) while also encouraging teachers' reflection on how to best prepare students for effective communication. To this end, it has been suggested that the development of students' multimodal literacy becomes essential (Lim & Tan‐Chia, 2022). This study presents the design and implementation of a genre‐based approach to enhance students' multimodal literacy through elevator pitch presentations. This approach was intended to involve students in the creation and production of a professionally oriented presentation while raising their awareness towards the expression of ideational, textual, and interpersonal meanings. In addition, we report on the students' experience during the pedagogical practice. Overall, the findings show that students were generally satisfied with the process of designing and delivering an elevator pitch presentation. Nevertheless, some students faced challenges during both the design and delivery process, primarily attributed to the demands of this particular genre.
Effect of papaya (Carica papaya) seed as phytogenic feed additives on egg performance, egg quality and blood serum biochemical constituents of layer hens
Authors: Dissa Meshesha , Yesuf Yonatan Kassu , Belete Ermias 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundSupplementing poultry diets with certain natural phytogenic additives has positive impacts on performance parameters like feed intake, egg production and quality of layer hens.ObjectivesThe study aimed to examine how supplementing papaya seed as phytogenic feed additive (PFA) to the diets of layer chickens affected their egg production, quality and blood serum biochemical parameters.MethodsOne hundred twenty 28‐week‐old Bovans brown laying hens were randomly assigned to one of four treatments with varying levels of papaya seed supplementation at 0 g/kg (T1), 5 g/kg (T2), 10 g/kg (T3) and 15 g/kg (T4) in a complete randomized design.ResultLayer chickens supplemented with 0.5% (T2), 1% (T3) and 1.5% (T4) papaya seed as a PFA had significantly (p < 0.05) improved dry matter intake, egg production%, egg mass and feed conversion. On the other hand, papaya seed supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) the bodyweight gain of laying hens. Papaya seed supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) increased egg weight, length, width, yolk height and yolk colour compared to the control group. Serum total protein on T4 and liver enzyme of alkaline phosphatase on T3 were significantly greater (p < 0.05) than in the control group. However, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in serum albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride and aspartate aminotransferase levels among treatments laying hens.ConclusionPapaya seed can be a potential candidate as a PFA at 5–15 g/kg of the basal diet to improve egg‐laying performance and quality without deteriorating effect.
Effect of pomegranate seed oil on egg production, egg quality and yolk fatty acid deposition in laying hen
Authors: Gharagozloo Alireza , Kheiri Farshid , Nasr Javad , Faghani Mostafa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPomegranate seed oil (PSO) contains punicic acid as well as conjugated linolenic acid isomers, including α‐eleostearic and catalpic acids, along with phytosterols, especially β‐sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol, with lipotropic impact and egg fortifying effect in laying hens.ObjectivesThe present experiment was designed to examine the effects of PSO on egg production, egg quality, blood lipids and yolk fatty acid deposition in laying hens.MethodsA total of 360 Hy‐line laying hens (w‐80), at 25 weeks of age, were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design during a 10‐week period. Experimental treatments consisted of a basal diet or supplementation of 1, 2, 3 and 4 g PSO/kg to basal diet. Performance indicators and fatty acid composition of egg yolk were evaluated during different experimental periods. Blood lipid attributes were evaluated at the end of the experiment.ResultsDietary supplementation of 4 g PSO/kg feed increased daily feed intake and egg production rate of laying hens (p < 0.05). There was not any significant influence of experimental treatments on egg quality, whereas an increasing trend observed in egg yolk colour of hens received dietary graded levels of PSO. Dietary supplemental 4 g/kg PSO increased the proportion of yolk poly‐unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the PUFA to saturated fatty acid ratio increased after dietary supplementation of 1 or 4 g/kg PSO (p < 0.05). Serum concentration of cholesterol, triacylglycerol and low‐density lipoprotein decreased in response to the supplementation of more than 3 g PSO/kg in the feed (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn conclusion, dietary supplementation with 4 g/kg PSO improved production rate and decreased blood lipids in laying hens. Moreover, dietary supplemental PSO modified yolk fatty acid deposition without detrimental effects on the egg quality.
Implementation of ‘One Health’ approach in Kerala state, India – A systematic review
Authors: Suhail Mohammed K. , Hannis Dorothy , Armstrong Alan , Rhodes Alan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith humans, animals and the environment being as interconnected as they are, the science describing their interactions needs to cut across disciplinary boundaries. Systems research at the interface between the three goes by several names, such as ‘Eco‐Health’ and ‘Planetary Health’, each with a varied focus, but the concept of ‘One Health’ (OH) has stood out as the most popular one. COVID‐19 has reiterated the importance of OH in response to health challenges. This review aimed to assess the OH approach integration and implementation level in Kerala state, India, in the context of emerging zoonotic diseases. A systematic literature review was conducted by searching for relevant articles with specific keywords across six electronic databases. This involved screening the initial hits for titles and abstracts, then systematic sorting to identify the ones that met the criteria, followed by more thorough scrutiny to finally shortlist the six studies to be included in the review. We found that OH in Kerala has made good progress, as evident from a few recent examples, but has a long way to go with significant challenges. In line with the study's aim, identifying and analysing what is already done, what is missing and what needs to be done can have wider implications for future OH implementation. Relevant threats and opportunities were identified, with lessons for Kerala and India and broader applications.
How temperature shapes the biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates in mixed microbial cultures
Authors: Palmeiro‐Sánchez Tania , Graham Alison , Lens Piet , O'Flaherty Vincent 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThree sequential batch reactors were operated for the enrichment in microbial communities able to store polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) using activated sludge as inoculum. They ran simultaneously under the same operational conditions (organic loading rate, hydraulic and solids retention time, cycle length, C/N ratio) just with the solely difference of the working temperature: psychrophilic (15°C), mesophilic (30°C), and thermophilic (48°C). The microbial communities enriched showed different behaviors in terms of consumption and production rates. In terms of PHA accumulation, the psychrophilic community was able to accumulate an average amount of 17.7 ± 5.7 wt% poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), the mesophilic 40.3 ± 7.0 wt% PHBV, and the thermophilic 14.8 ± 0.3 wt% PHBV in dry weight over total solids. The average PHBV production yields for each selected community were 0.41 ± 0.12 CmmolPHBV/CmmolVFA at 15°C, 0.64 ± 0.05 CmmolPHBV/CmmolVFA at 30°C, and 0.39 ± 0.14 CmmolPHBV/CmmolVFA at 48°C. The overall performance of the mesophilic reactor was better than the other two, and the copolymers obtained at this temperature contained a higher PHV fraction. The physico‐chemical properties of the obtained biopolymers at each temperature were also measured, and major differences were found in the molecular weight, following an increasing trend with temperature.Practitioner Points

PHBV molecular weight is influenced by the operational temperature increasing with it.
Increasing temperatures promote the production of HB over HV.
The best accumulation performance was found at 30°C for the tested operational conditions.
Sovereignty and 6G
Authors: Timmers Paul , Serentschy Georg 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSovereignty has become a top priority for government leaders. Strengthening strategic autonomy, the three Cs of Control, Capabilities, and Capacities that are necessary for sovereignty are becoming a go/no-go criterion in technology policy initiatives. However, what is the future of sovereignty in a pervasive digital, densely connected, and compute-intense world? What is sovereignty in the world of 6G? Or is the question rather: what is 6G in a world where safeguarding sovereignty is a major theme in geopolitical collaboration, competition, and conflict? This chapter outlines the interplay of 6G technology and political-industrial governance in different scenarios for the future of sovereignty.
Complementary constraints on $$ Zb\overline{b} $$ couplings at the LHC
Authors: Bishara Fady , Qian Zhuoni 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We propose a new strategy to probe the Z boson couplings to bottom and charm quarks at the LHC. In this work we mainly focus on the case of bottom quarks. Here, the Z boson is produced in association with two b-jets and decays to electrons or muons. In this final state, tagging the charge of the b-jets allows us to measure the charge asymmetry and thus to directly probe the $$ Zb\overline{b} $$
Zb

b
¯

couplings. The leptonic final state not only allows us to cleanly reconstruct the Z boson but also to mitigate the otherwise overwhelming backgrounds. Furthermore, while LEP could only scan a limited range of dilepton invariant masses, there is no such limitation at the LHC. Consequently, this allows us to make full use of the interference between the amplitudes mediated by a Z boson and a photon. Using the full high-luminosity LHC dataset of 3 ab−1 and with the current flavor and charge-tagging capabilities would allow us to reject the wrong-sign right-handed coupling solution by 4σ. Further improving the charge-tagging efficiency would disfavor it by 6σ.
Spinning partial waves for scattering amplitudes in d dimensions
Authors: Burić Ilija , Russo Francesco , Vichi Alessandro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Partial wave decomposition is one of the main tools within the modern S-matrix studies. We present a method to compute partial waves for 2 → 2 scattering of spinning particles in arbitrary spacetime dimension. We identify partial waves as matrix elements of the rotation group with definite covariance properties under a subgroup. This allows to use a variety of techniques from harmonic analysis in order to construct a novel algebra of weight-shifting operators. All spinning partial waves are generated by the action of these operators on a set of known scalar seeds. The text is accompanied by a Mathematica notebook to automatically generate partial waves. These results pave the way to a systematic studies of spinning S-matrix bootstrap and positivity bounds.
Boundaries & localisation with a topological twist
Authors: Crew Samuel , Zhang Daniel , Zhao Boan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the partition functions of topologically twisted 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 gauge theories on a hemisphere spacetime with boundary HS2 × S1. We show that the partition function may be localised to either the Higgs branch or the Coulomb branch where the contributions to the path integral are vortex or monopole configurations respectively. Turning to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetry, we consider partition functions for exceptional Dirichlet boundary conditions that yield a complete set of ‘IR holomorphic blocks’. We demonstrate that these correspond to vertex functions: equivariant Euler characteristics of quasimap moduli spaces. In this context, we explore the geometric interpretation of both the Higgs and Coulomb branch localisation schemes in terms of the enumerative geometry of quasimaps and discuss the action of mirror symmetry.
Islands in non-minimal dilaton gravity: exploring effective theories for black hole evaporation
Authors: Wu Chih-Hung , Xu Jiuci 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We start from (3 + 1)-dimensional Einstein gravity with minimally coupled massless scalar matter, through spherical dimensional reduction, the matter theory is non-minimally coupled with the dilaton in (1 + 1)-dimensions. Despite its simplicity, constructing a self-consistent one-loop effective theory for this model remains a challenge, partially due to a Weyl-invariant ambiguity in the effective action. With a universal splitting property for the one-loop action, the ambiguity can be identified with the state-dependent part of the covariant quantum stress tensor. By introducing on-shell equivalent auxiliary fields to construct minimal candidates of Weyl-invariant terms, we derive a one-parameter family of one-loop actions with unique, regular, and physical stress tensors corresponding to the Boulware, Hartle-Hawking and Unruh states. We further study the back-reacted geometry and the corresponding quantum extremal islands that were inaccessible without a consistent one-loop theory. Along the way, we elaborate on the implications of our construction for the non-minimal dilaton gravity model.
Doubly nonlinear equations for the 1-Laplacian
Authors: Mazón J. M. , Molino A. , Toledo J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the Neumann problem for a class of doubly nonlinear equations for the 1-Laplacian, $$\begin{aligned} \frac{\partial v}{\partial t} - \Delta _1 u \ni 0 \hbox { in } (0, \infty ) \times \Omega , \quad v\in \gamma (u), \end{aligned}$$

∂
v

∂
t

-

Δ
1

u
∋
0

in

(
0
,
∞
)

×
Ω
,

v
∈
γ

(
u
)

,

and initial data in $$L^1(\Omega )$$

L
1

(
Ω
)

, where $$\Omega $$
Ω
is a bounded smooth domain in $${\mathbb {R}}^N$$

R

N

and $$\gamma $$
γ
is a maximal monotone graph in $${\mathbb {R}}\times {\mathbb {R}}$$

R
×
R

. We prove that, under certain assumptions on the graph $$\gamma $$
γ
, there is existence and uniqueness of solutions. Moreover, we proof that these solutions coincide with the ones of the Neumann problem for the total variational flow. We show that such assumptions are necessary.
Shooting for collinear periodic orbits in the Helium model
Authors: Zhao Lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe frozen-planet periodic orbit of the classical collinear Helium model with negative energy is shown to exist by a simple shooting argument. This simplifies the approach established in Cieliebak et al. (Ann Inst H Poincaré Anal Non Linéaire 40:379–455, 2022). With this argument, it also follows that the algebraic count of the number of such orbits with a given negative energy is 1, as recently established in Cieliebak et al. (Nondegeneracy and integral count of frozen-planet orbits in helium, 2022. arXiv:2209.12634). The same argument also leads to the existence of other collinear periodic orbits of the classical collinear Helium model.