bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variant panel allows predicting both obesity risk, and efficacy of procedures and diet in weight loss
Authors: Mera-Charria Alejandra , Nieto-Lopez Francisco , Francès Manel Pacareu , Arbex Priscila Marques , Vila-Vecilla Laura , Russo Valentina , Silva Carolina Costa Vicente , De Souza Gustavo Torres 
Published: November 2023

PurposeObesity is a multifactorial condition with a relevant genetic correlation. Recent advances in genomic research have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes such as FTO, MCM6, HLA, and MC4R, associated with obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the association of 102 SNPs with BMI and weight loss treatment response in a multi-ethnic population.MethodsThe study analyzed 9,372 patients for the correlation between SNPs and BMI (dataset A). The correlation between SNP and weight loss was accessed in 474 patients undergoing different treatments (dataset B). Patients in dataset B were further divided into 3 categories based on the type of intervention: dietary therapy, intragastric balloon procedures, or surgeries. SNP association analysis and multiple models of inheritance were performed.ResultsIn dataset A, ten SNPs, including rs9939609 (FTO), rs4988235 (MCM6), and rs2395182 (HLA), were significantly associated with increased BMI. Additionally, other four SNPs, rs7903146 (TCF7L2), (rs6511720), rs5400 (SLC2A2), and rs7498665 (SH2B1), showed sex-specific correlation. For dataset B, SNPs rs2016520 (PPAR-Delta) and rs2419621 (ACSL5) demonstrated significant correlation with weight loss for all treatment types. In patients who adhered to dietary therapy, SNPs rs6544713 (ABCG8) and rs762551 (CYP1A2) were strongly correlated with weight loss. Patients undergoing surgical or endoscopic procedures exhibited differential correlations with several SNPs, including rs1801725 (CASR) and rs12970134 (MC4R), and weight loss.ConclusionThis study provides valuable insights into the genetic factors influencing BMI and weight loss response to different treatments. The findings highlight the potential for personalized weight management approaches based on individual genetic profiles.
Construction of a risk scoring system using clinical factors and RYR2 polymorphisms for bleeding complications in patients on direct oral anticoagulants
Authors: Jang Eun Jeong , Kim Jung Sun , Choi Seo A. , Yee Jeong , Song Tae-Jin , Park Junbeom , Gwak Hye Sun 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Bleeding is one of the most undesirable complications of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). While the ryanodine receptor (RYR2) has been related to cardiac diseases, research on bleeding complications is lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the association between RYR2 and bleeding risk to develop the risk scoring system in patients treated with DOACs.Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected samples. We selected ten SNPs within the RYR2 gene, and two models were constructed (Model I: demographic factors only, Model II: demographic and genetic factors) in multivariable analysis. Independent risk factors for bleeding were used to develop a risk scoring system.Results: A total of 447 patients were included, and 49 experienced either major bleeding or clinically relevant non-major bleeding. In Model I, patients using rivaroxaban and experiencing anemia exhibited an increased bleeding risk after adjusting for covariates. Upon incorporating genetic factors into Model I, a significant association with bleeding was also observed in cases of overdosing on DOACs and in patients with a creatinine clearance (CrCl) &lt; 30 mL/min, in addition to rivaroxaban and anemia (Model II). Among genetic factors, RYR2 rs12594 GG, rs17682073 AA, rs3766871 GG, and rs6678625 T alleles were associated with bleeding complications. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of Model I was 0.670, whereas that of Model II increased to 0.803, demonstrating better performance with the inclusion of genetic factors. Using the significant variables in Model II, a risk scoring system was constructed. The predicted bleeding risks for scores of 0, 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8, and 9–10 points were 0%, 1.2%, 4.6%, 15.7%, 41.7%, and 73.3%, respectively.Conclusion: This study revealed an association between RYR2 and bleeding complications among patients taking DOACs and established a risk scoring system to support individualized DOAC treatment for these patients.
Effect of standard and physiological cell culture temperatures on in vitro proliferation and differentiation of primary broiler chicken pectoralis major muscle satellite cells
Authors: Gregg Caroline R. , Hutson Brittany L. , Flees Joshua J. , Starkey Charles W. , Starkey Jessica D. 
Published: November 2023

Culture temperatures for broiler chicken cells are largely based on those optimized for mammalian species, although normal broiler body temperature is typically more than 3°C higher. The objective was to evaluate the effects of simulating broiler peripheral muscle temperature, 41°C, compared with standard temperature, 38°C, on the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of primary muscle-specific stem cells (satellite cells; SC) from the pectoralis major (PM) of broiler chickens. Primary SC cultures were isolated from the PM of 18-day-old Ross 708 × Yield Plus male broilers. SC were plated in triplicate, 1.8-cm2, gelatin-coated wells at 40,000 cells per well. Parallel plates were cultured at either 38°C or 41°C in separate incubators. At 48, 72, and 96 h post-plating, the culture wells were fixed and immunofluorescence-stained to determine the expression of the myogenic regulatory factors Pax7 and MyoD as well as evaluated for apoptosis using a TUNEL assay. After 168 h in culture, plates were immunofluorescence-stained to visualize myosin heavy chain and Pax7 expression and determine myotube characteristics and SC fusion. Population doubling times were not impacted by temperature (p ≥ 0.1148), but culturing broiler SC at 41°C for 96 h promoted a more rapid progression through myogenesis, while 38°C maintained primitive populations (p ≤ 0.0029). The proportion of apoptotic cells increased in primary SC cultured at 41°C (p ≤ 0.0273). Culturing at 41°C appeared to negatively impact fusion percentage (p &lt; 0.0001) and tended to result in the formation of thinner myotubes (p = 0.061) without impacting the density of differentiated cells (p = 0.7551). These results indicate that culture temperature alters primary broiler PM SC myogenic kinetics and has important implications for future in vitro work as well as improving our understanding of how thermal manipulation can alter myogenesis patterns during broiler embryonic and post-hatch muscle growth.
The heavy-tailed valence hypothesis: the human capacity for vast variation in pleasure/pain and how to test it
Authors: Gómez-Emilsson Andrés , Percy Chris 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionWellbeing policy analysis is often criticized for requiring a cardinal interpretation of measurement scales, such as ranking happiness on an integer scale from 0-10. The commonly-used scales also implicitly constrain the human capacity for experience, typically that our most intense experiences can only be at most ten times more intense than our mildest experiences. This paper presents the alternative “heavy-tailed valence” (HTV) hypothesis: the notion that the accessible human capacity for emotional experiences of pleasure and pain spans a minimum of two orders of magnitude.MethodsWe specify five testable predictions of the HTV hypothesis. A pilot survey of adults aged 21-64 (n = 97) then tested two predictions, asking respondents to comment on the most painful and most pleasurable experiences they can recall, alongside the second most painful and pleasurable experiences.ResultsThe results find tentative support for the hypothesis. For instance, over half of respondents said their most intense experiences were at least twice as intense as the second most intense, implying a wide capacity overall. Simulations further demonstrate that survey responses are more consistent with underlying heavy-tailed distributions of experience than a “constrained valence” psychology.DiscussionA synthesis of these results with prior findings suggests a “kinked” scale, such that a wide range of felt experience is compressed in reports at the high end of intensity scales, even if reports at lower intensities behave more cardinally. We present a discussion of three stylized facts that support HTV and six against, lessons for a future survey, practical guidelines for existing analyses, and implications for current policy. We argue for a dramatic increase in societal ambition. Even in high average income countries, the HTV hypothesis suggests we remain far further below our wellbeing potential than a surface reading of the data might suggest.
Validation study for the Academic Maladjustment Questionnaire on a Romanian sample
Authors: Cazan Ana-Maria , Stan Maria Magdalena , Clinciu Aurel Ion , Truţa Camelia , Maican Catalin Ioan 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe problem of academic dropout in the first year of studies represents an important issue for higher education, in that it accounts for an important indicator of quality but also for the negative consequences it produces on individual, institutional and social level. The main aim of the study is to validate and evaluate a robust measure of overall academic maladjustment.MethodThe participants were 809 first-year students from various Romanian universities.ResultsThe results showed a reliable version of the instrument with a factorial structure that did not deviate significantly from the authors’ initial model. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a unified score including six dimensions, procrastination, dishonesty – unethical behavior, test anxiety, machiavellian attitude, neuroticism, and somatization. Our results confirmed that besides academic achievement, personal factors are important indicators of adjustment, showing that personal resources management, emotional and behavioral strategies are components of adjustment. Our study revealed a medium and positive correlation between overall maladjustment and academic dropout intention, procrastination seemed to be the most relevant predictor of dropout intention.DiscussionAcademic adjustment acts as a safeguard against dropping out, and it is crucial to acknowledge that most students enter college with the intention of completing their studies.
Strengthening breast cancer screening program through health education of women and capacity building of primary healthcare providers
Authors: Sangwan Ramesh Kumar , Huda Ramesh Kumar , Panigrahi Ansuman , Toteja G. S. , Sharma Arun Kumar , Thakor Mahendra , Kumar Pankaj 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundGlobally and in India, breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy. India saw 178,361 new cases and 90,000 deaths in 2020. Timely detection is vital, highlighting the importance of Breast Self-Examination (BSE), especially in low-income settings. Strengthening BSE in awareness and screening efforts is urgent. Despite awareness, practical application lags due to women’s reluctance. Effective execution demands partnerships, a multi-sectoral strategy, and training grassroots workers.ObjectiveTo address these challenges, the present study aims to strengthen the breast cancer screening program using BSE strategy and adopting a referral mechanism for the diagnosis and treatment of suspect cases.MethodsA community-based study occurred in specific districts of Rajasthan (2017–2022), enhancing breast cancer screening for women aged 30–65. It involved healthcare providers and local women, utilizing tools like the MT-DM-GP6620 Breast Inspection Model, educational booklets, and semi-structured schedules. The strategy encompassed knowledge assessment, capacity building for healthcare providers, BSE training, increasing women’s breast cancer awareness, suspect case referrals, and phone-based follow-up.ResultsOur study encompassed 157,225 women aged 30–65 in Jodhpur, Jalore, and Pali districts. Initial breast self-examination (BSE) awareness was below 1%. BSE training reached 218,978 women using booklets and demonstrations, with 72% aged 30–65 and the rest 15–30. Follow-ups reinforced BSE, leading to 745 identified suspect breast cancer cases, mostly due to painless lumps (332 cases). Capacity-building workshops involving 824 medical and paramedical staff strengthened early breast cancer detection in Jodhpur and Jalore, in collaboration with the district health department.ConclusionThe study model’s success suggests its applicability in other Rajasthan districts, Indian states, and global breast cancer prevention programs. While positive outcomes were evident, challenges related to culture, cost, and benefits warrant consideration. The approach prioritized early detection through community engagement, reducing patient and government burdens. Community involvement and healthcare engagement were pivotal, with breast self-examination proving effective for enhancing awareness and early detection. Promoting BSE education can significantly enhance breast cancer awareness and early detection.
The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in node negative colorectal cancer with or without perineural invasion: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ying Hongan , Shao Jinfan , Liao Nansheng , Xu Xijuan , Yu Wenfeng , Hong Weiwen 
Published: November 2023

PurposeIt was aimed at assessing the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for patients with node-negative colorectal cancer (CRC) either with or without perineural invasion (PNI).MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science from database inception through October 1, 2023. Survival outcomes were analyzed using hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Heterogeneity for the descriptive meta-analyses was quantified using the I2 statistic.ResultsTen studies included in this review. ACT improved overall survival (OS) (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.40–0.69) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.35–0.82) in PNI + patients but did not affect DFS (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.72–1.77) in PNI- patients. A disease-specific survival (DSS) benefit with chemotherapy was observed in PNI + (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58–0.99) and PNI- patients (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.57–1.00). And PNI decreased DFS (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.52–2.47) and OS (HR 1.75, 95% CI 0.96–3.17) in node-negative CRC.ConclusionsIn conclusion, chemotherapy appears most beneficial for survival outcomes in node-negative patients with PNI, but may also confer some advantage in those without PNI.Systematic Review RegistrationIdentifier INPLASY2021120103.
Evaluation of ciliary cleft changes after phacoemulsification using ultrasound biomicroscopy in dogs with cataracts
Authors: Kim Donghee , Goh Yeong-Seok , Kim Hyemin , Park Sang-Eun , Hwang Jiyi , Kang Nanyoung , Jung Ji Seung , Park Kyung-Mee 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionGlaucoma is one of the most serious complications that causes irreversible blindness after phacoemulsification in dogs; however, a clear mechanism has not been elucidated. This study aimed to analyse the possible anatomical factors associated with glaucoma after phacoemulsification using parameters that reflect the anatomical characteristics of dogs.Materials and methodsA total of 69 eyes of 48 dogs were included in this study. The patients were divided into three groups: normal eye (n= 18), cataract (n= 39), and post-phacoemulsification for at least 2 months after surgery (post-phaco,n= 12). For further analysis, the dogs were subdivided into two groups according to cataract stage: phacoemulsification non-candidate and candidate groups. Non-cataracts and incipient cataracts were categorized into the non-candidate group, whereas immature and mature cataracts were categorized into the candidate group. Measurements of the ciliary cleft parameters, including the area of the ciliary cleft (CCA), length of the ciliary cleft (CCL), width of the ciliary cleft (CCW), iridocorneal angle, and angle opening distance, were obtained using ultrasound biomicroscopy.ResultsCCA, CCL, and CCW were significantly higher in the candidate group than in the non-candidate group. CCA, CCL, and CCW were significantly reduced in the post-phaco group compared to those in the cataract group. Based on these results, we found that the ciliary cleft expanded in cataract-affected eyes and narrowed after phacoemulsification. This may indicate that the space between the trabecular meshworks became narrower, potentially leading to an increase in the resistance of the aqueous humor.ConclusionA narrowed ciliary cleft after phacoemulsification may be an anatomical factor associated with glaucoma.
Well-being of veterinarians in rural and urban areas
Authors: Gonschor Cecile , Pohl Robert , Woitha Ulrike , Thielmann Beatrice , Böckelmann Irina 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe field of veterinary medicine is characterized by a variety of challenging working conditions. The alarmingly low mental well-being of veterinarians has been examined from various perspectives. However, the influence of work location on the well-being of veterinary professionals has scarcely been investigated. The aim of the study was therefore to analyze the well-being of German veterinarians and to determine whether there is a correlation between well-being and work location.MethodsAs part of a cross-sectional study, 999 veterinary professionals answered questions regarding their work location (self-designed questions) and well-being (WHO-Five Well-being Index, WHO-5). A differentiation was made according to work location: urban cities (population &gt; 100,000), medium/small cities (population &lt; 100,000 inhabitants), and rural areas.ResultsOverall, the surveyed veterinarians had low well-being (ranging from 56.8% in rural areas to 61.3% in medium/small towns). The results of the general linear model indicated a significant difference in the WHO total score among veterinarians from different work locations (p &lt; 0.001). However, when sex, age, type of employment, and field of specialization were included in the analysis, no significant between-subject effects were found.ConclusionAccording to the results, work location does not seem to have a significant influence on the well-being of veterinarians and therefore may be of lower priority in the development and implementation of interventions. However, further investigation of work-related predictors of the mental health of veterinarians is recommended, as the results indicate a low well-being among these professionals.
Ground Cover Rice Production System Affects Soil Water, Nitrogen Dynamics and Crop Growth Differentially with or without Climate Stress
Authors: Ren Jian , Feng Puyu , Batchelor William D. , Hu Kelin , Liu Haitao , Lv Shihua 
Published: November 2023

The ground cover rice production system (GCRPS) has been proposed as a potential solution to alleviate seasonal drought and early low-temperature stress in hilly mountainous areas; clarifying its impact on crop growth is crucial to enhance rice productivity in these areas. A two-year (2021–2022) field experiment was conducted in the hilly mountains of southwest China to compare the effects of the traditional flooding paddy (Paddy) and GCRPS under three different nitrogen (N) management practices (N1, zero-N fertilizer; N2, 135 kg N ha−1 as a urea-based fertilizer; and N3, 135 kg N ha−1 with a 3:2 base-topdressing ratio as urea fertilizer for the Paddy or a 1:1 basal application ratio as urea and manure for GCRPS) on soil water storage, soil mineral N content and crop growth parameters, including plant height, tiller numbers, the leaf area index (LAI), aboveground dry matter (DM) dynamics and crop yield. The results showed that there was a significant difference in rainfall between the two growth periods, with 906 mm and 291 mm in 2021 and 2022, respectively. While GCRPS did not significantly affect soil water storage, soil mineral N content, and plant height, it led to a reduction in partial tiller numbers (1.1% to 31.6%), LAI (0.6% to 20.4%), DM (4.4% to 18.8%), and crop yield (7.4% to 22.0%) in 2021 (wet year) compared to the Paddy. However, in 2022 (dry year), GCRPS led to an increase in tiller numbers (13.7% to 115.4%), LAI (17.3% to 81.0%), DM (9.0% to 62.6%), and crop yield (2.9% to 9.2%) compared to the Paddy. Structural equation modeling indicated that GCRPS significantly affected tiller numbers, plant height, LAI, DM, and productive tiller numbers, which indirectly influenced crop yield by significantly affecting tiller numbers and productive tiller numbers in 2022. Overall, the effects of GCRPS on soil water and N dynamics were not significant. In 2021, with high rainfall, no drought, and no early, low-temperature stress, the GCRPS suppressed crop growth and reduced yield, while in 2022, with drought and early low-temperature stress and low rainfall, the GCRPS promoted crop growth and increased yield, with tiller numbers and productive tiller numbers being the key factors affecting crop yield.
Research on an Active Hydrogen Maser Digital Circuit Control System Based on FPGA
Authors: Hu Wangwang , Shuai Tao , Xie Yonghui , Chen Pengfei , Pei Yuxian , Zhao Yang , Wang Rui 
Published: November 2023

A hydrogen maser is a high-precision time measurement instrument with high frequency stability and low frequency drift, which is widely used in satellite navigation, ground time keeping, frequency measurement, and other fields. An active hydrogen maser (AHM) is better than the current space passive hydrogen maser (PHM) in orbit in terms of its frequency stability and drift rate, but it has the disadvantages of large volume and weight. To further reduce the volume and weight of the circuit, this paper demonstrates a digital circuit control system based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). It uses digital temperature control, digital detectors, digital down-conversion, digital phase-locked loops, and other digital methods for temperature control, cavity auto-tuning, and crystal phase locking, which improve the integration and flexibility of the circuit system. Meanwhile, a tuning method based on hydrogen flow is proposed, which effectively solves the problem of fluctuations in hydrogen maser resonance frequency with changes in the external environment. Our experimental results show that the designed digital circuit control system meets the requirements of an oven-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO) loop and a cavity loop. Its frequency stability can reach 2.6×10−13/1 s and 1.4×10−15/10,000 s, which is close to the stability index of ground active hydrogen maser. This scheme has certain practical engineering value, and can be used in the design of hydrogen masers for next-generation space navigation satellites, deep space exploration, and space stations.