bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mullite‐type EMBO4: synthesis, structural, optical, and vibrational properties of rare tin(II) borates with M = Al and Ga
Authors: Wittmann Sarah , Murshed Mohammad Mangir , Bilovol Vitaliy , Koldemir Aylin , Pöttgen Rainer , Nielsen Ulla Gro , Gesing Thorsten Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetal tin‐(II)‐borates are rarely studied mainly due to the susceptibility of either oxidation into tin(IV) or disproportionation into elemental tin(0) and tin(IV). We report mullite‐type SnAlBO4 and SnGaBO4 ceramics produced by conventional solid‐state synthesis in sealed quartz tubes at low pressure of 10–7 MPa. Both compounds are isostructural to PbAlBO4 as confirmed by Rietveld refinements of powder X‐ray data. The crystal structures are highly influenced by the stereochemical activity of the 5s2 lone electron pair of the Sn2+ cation measured by the Wang–Liebau eccentricity parameter. To further consolidate the structural features 119Sn Mössbauer, solid state NMR, Raman, IR and UV/vis spectroscopic measurements are performed. The 119Sn Mössbauer isomer shifts and the quadrupole splitting values confirm the SnO4 coordination and Sn(II) valence states. Solid state 11B, 27Al and 119Sn NMR spectra provided insights into the local crystal‐chemical environment. The vibrational properties are discussed from group theoretical analysis to mode assignments. SnAlBO4 and SnGaBO4, respectively, possess an electronic band gap of 3.73(9) and 3.21(4) eV calculated from the diffuse reflectance UV/Vis spectra.
Robotic magnetic navigation‐guided catheter ablation establishes highly effective pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation when compared to conventional ablation techniques
Authors: Noten Anna M. E. , Romanov Alexander , De Schouwer Koen , Beloborodov Vladimir , Bhagwandien Rohit , Hoogendijk Mark G. , Mikheenko Igor , Wijchers Sip , Yap Sing‐Chien , Schwagten Bruno , Szili‐Torok Tamas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionPulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is a pivotal part of ablative therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF). Currently, there are multiple techniques available to realize PVI, including: manual‐guided cryoballoon (MAN‐CB), manual‐guided radiofrequency (MAN‐RF), and robotic magnetic navigation‐guided radiofrequency ablation (RMN‐RF). There is a lack of large prospective trials comparing contemporary RMN‐RF with the more conventional ablation techniques. This study prospectively compared three catheter ablation techniques as treatment of paroxysmal AF.MethodsThis multicenter, prospective study included patients with paroxysmal AF who underwent their first ablation procedure. Procedural parameters (including procedural efficiency), complication rates, and freedom of AF during 12‐month follow‐up, were compared between three study groups which were defined by the utilized ablation technique.ResultsA total of 221 patients were included in this study. Total procedure time was significantly shorter in MAN‐CB (78 ± 21 min) compared to MAN‐RF (115 ± 41 min; p < .001) and compared to RMN‐RF (129 ± 32 min; p < .001), whereas it was comparable between the two radiofrequency (RF) groups (p = .062). A 3% complication rate was observed, which was comparable between all groups. At 12‐month follow‐up, AF recurrence was observed in 40 patients (19%) and was significantly lower in the robotic group (MAN‐CB 19 [24%], MAN‐RF 16 [23%], RMN‐RF 5 [8%] AF recurrences, p = .045) (multivariate hazard ratio of RMN‐RF on AF recurrence 0.32, 95% confidence interval: 0.12–0.87, p = .026).ConclusionRMN‐guided PVI results in high freedom of AF in patients with paroxysmal AF, when compared to cryoablation and manual RF ablation. Cryoablation remains the most time‐efficient ablation technique, whereas RMN nowadays has comparable efficiency with manual RF ablation.
The effect of sliding shear combined sugarcane basecutter on the cutting quality of sugarcane stubble
Authors: Qian Jun , Xu Yang , Ma Shaochun , Li Wenzhi , Li Lingfeng , Zhou Baocheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs an important cash crop, sugarcane played an important role in the development of national economy. In response to the problem of severe stubble splitting caused by unsupported basecutting, the interaction between the basecutter and stalk were analyzed under the supported and unsupported basecutting modes, and the cutting force model was also established. The theoretical analysis results showed that supported basecutting could effectively reduce the bending resistance and inertia force of the stem, and avoid significant deformation of the stem. To some extent, supported basecutting could ensure the cutting quality of sugarcane stubble. The basecutting process of supported and unsupported basecutting were comparative analyzed based on ABAQUS. The simulation results showed that supported cutting could effectively reduce the maximum cutting stress and limit the displacement of the stem, and it could effectively ensure the stability of sugarcane stubble. The test bench was built with adjustable feeding speed (FS), rotational speed (RS), sugarcane cluster diameter (CD), and cutting inclination angle (CA). Based on the Box–Behnken center combination design scheme, the response surface experiments were conducted with the stubble splitting rate as experimental indicators. The analysis of variance showed that CD and CA had a significant impact on the splitting rate, with the degree of influence being: CD > CA > FS > RS. The model was optimized and solved, and the optimal parameter combination was the feeding speed of 1.4 m/s, the rotation speed of 180 r/min, the sugarcane cluster diameter of 3 cm, and the cutting inclination angle of 20°. Through bench test, it has been verified that the splitting rate of sugarcane stubble was 8.84%, and the damage rate of sugarcane stubble was less than 10%, met the sugarcane harvest standards.Practical ApplicationsThe cutting quality of sugarcane stubble has a significant impact on the growth of sugarcane in the following year. Unsupported basecutting would often lead to stubble damage. The interaction relationship between the basecutter and stalk of unsupported basecutting and supported basecutting were analyzed based on theoretical analysis and simulation tests. By optimizing the kinematic and structure parameters of basecutter and analyzing the cutting performance of the basecutter, the stubble splitting rates under the supported basecutting mode was reduced. The research could provide a reference for parameter optimization and basecutting methods of the sugarcane harvester.
Community‐Based Doulas' Roles Within the Birth Support System: Young Black Mothers’ Perspectives
Authors: Herriott Anna L. , Etling Sophia , Hans Sydney L. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionDoulas have been found to be beneficial to pregnant adolescents during childbirth, but little is known about their role within the larger system of people providing birth support, including family and health care providers. The purpose of this study was to examine, from the perspectives of young mothers, the role of the doula within their broader birth support system.MethodsOne hundred pregnant Black adolescents and young women (aged 13 to 21) who were provided perinatal community‐based and racially concordant doula services at no cost to them were interviewed after the birth of their newborn, prior to hospital discharge. Interviews generated birth story narratives and responses to focused questions about their experiences of birth support. Thematic analysis was conducted to examine the role of the doula within the context of the broader system of birth support.ResultsDoulas functioned in 2 primary ways within the birth support system by (1) providing tandem support alongside family and health care providers and (2) filling gaps in health care not provided by family and providers. Laboring adolescents sometimes described their family members and doulas working in tandem to provide multiple types of support such as comfort measures, coaching, and help with pushing. They also identified gaps in their care or support filled by the doula, in particular gaps due to family members’ physical or emotional unavailability or health care providers’ many responsibilities.DiscussionThe findings highlight the ways in which doulas support pregnant adolescents during childbirth through their deft navigation of the existing support system. Well‐being was enhanced by the inclusion of the doula in the birth support system. The findings align with existing research that underscores the valuable role doulas play in supporting individuals during childbirth, particularly for those most affected by processes of marginalization.
Impact of different chemical denture cleansers on the properties of digitally fabricated denture base resin materials
Authors: Elrahim Ramy Abdallah Abd , Shown Ahmed , Abdellah Mahmoud , Abualsaud Reem , Helal Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo compare the impact of three different chemical denture cleansers (CDCs) (Corega, chlorhexidine, and hydrogen peroxide) on the surface roughness, microhardness, and color stability of 3D‐printed, computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) milled, and heat‐polymerized denture base material (DBM).Materials and MethodsA total of 420 disc‐shaped specimens (10 ± 0.1 × 2 ±0.1 mm) were fabricated using three different construction techniques: three‐dimensional (3D) printing (n = 140), CAD‐CAM milling (n = 140), and heat‐polymerization (n = 140). Sixty specimens (20 of each DBM) were used for baseline (pre‐immersion) measurements (T1) for the tested surface properties (hardness [n = 10/material] and roughness [n = 10/material]). The remaining 360 specimens (n = 120/material) were investigated for surface roughness, microhardness, and color change after immersion for 1 year (T2) in distilled water or CDCs (n = 30/solution and n = 10/test). The data were analyzed using two‐way ANOVA, one‐way ANOVA followed by post‐hoc Tukey's test at a significance level of less than 0.05.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in the effects of the tested CDCs on the surface roughness, micro‐hardness, and color stability of varying DBM specimens (p < 0.05). Corega showed the highest surface roughness and color change in all DBMs while H2O2 resulted in the lowest microhardness for all DBMs. The lowest changes in all tested properties were seen with distilled water followed by chlorhexidine. A significant effect of type of cleanser, denture base material, and the interaction between the two was seen on all measured properties (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe tested CDCs significantly affected the surface properties of all DBMs but at varying degrees. Corega produced the highest negative effect on roughness and color change while H2O2 dramatically affected the microhardness. Prolonged use of CDCs should be cautiously followed.
JURASSIC PETROLEUM SYSTEMS IN THE LUSITANIAN BASIN, PORTUGAL: NEW INSIGHTS BASED ON OIL – SOURCE ROCK CORRELATIONS
Authors: Brito Marco , Rodrigues René , Baptista Rui , Duarte Luís V. , Azerêdo Ana C. , Jones Cleveland M. 
Published: September 2023

New stable carbon isotope and biomarker data for oils and source rock extracts from the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal, were studied in order to investigate the petroleum systems which are present there. The new analytical data was combined with data presented in previous publications, and oil‐oil and oil‐ source rock correlations were carried out. Three genetic groups of oils (Groups 1, 2 and 3), belonging to three different petroleum systems, were identified:Group 1 oils occur in the northern sector of the Lusitanian Basin and were generated by the Coimbra Formation (Sinemurian) source rock. Reservoir rocks for oils in this group are the Coimbra, Água de Madeiros (upper Sinemurian – lower Pliensbachian), Boa Viagem (Kimmeridgian –Tithonian) and Figueira da Foz (upper Aptian – Cenomanian) Formations. Other potential source rocks in the northern sector of the basin, such as the Polvoeira Member of the Água de Madeiros Formation and the Marly Limestones with Organic Facies (MLOF) Member of the Vale das Fontes Formation (Pliensbachian), had biomarker characteristics which differed from those of the Group 1 oils and did not therefore generate them.Group 2 oils occur in the central and southern sectors of the basin. The source rock is the Cabaços Formation (middle Oxfordian), and reservoir rocks are the Montejunto (middle‐upper Oxfordian) and Abadia (Kimmeridgian) Formations.Group 3 is represented by an oil sample from the central sector of the Lusitanian Basin. Both the source rock and the reservoir rock for the oil are the Montejunto Formation.Geochemical data combined with the regional tectono‐stratigraphic history suggest that the generation‐migration‐accumulation of most of the oil (critical moment) in the Coimbra – Coimbra ‐ Água de Madeiros ‐ Boa Viagem ‐ Figueira da Foz (!) petroleum system occurred in the early Campanian. For the Cabaços – Montejunto ‐ Abadia (!) and Montejunto – Montejunto (!) petroleum systems, the critical moment occurred in the late Cenomanian.
Harassment and killing of porpoises (“phocoenacide”) by fish‐eating Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca)
Authors: Giles Deborah A. , Teman Sarah J. , Ellis Samuel , Ford John K. B. , Shields Monika W. , Hanson M. Bradley , Emmons Candice K. , Cottrell Paul E. , Baird Robin W. , Osborne Richard W. , Weiss Michael , Ellifrit David K. , Olson Jennifer K. , Towers Jared R. , Ellis Graeme , Matkin Dena , Smith Courtney E. , Raverty Stephen A. , Norman Stephanie A. , Gaydos Joseph K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEndangered Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) are fish‐eaters that preferentially prey on adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Despite being salmon specialists, individuals from all three killer whale pods (J, K, L) have been observed harassing and killing porpoises (family Phocoenidae) without consuming them. Retrospectively, we identified and analyzed 78 episodes of Southern Resident killer whales harassing porpoises between 1962 and 2020, of which 28 resulted in the porpoise's death (“phocoenacide”). Fifty‐six episodes involved harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), 13 involved Dall's porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli), and the porpoise species was unreported for nine episodes. Southern Resident killer whales often targeted young porpoises that were similar in size to adult Chinook salmon. Both sexes participated in porpoise harassment. Juveniles engaged in the behavior the most; however, their rates of engagement were not found to differ significantly from most other age classes. The behavior was passed through generations and social groupings, as it was first observed in L pod and spread to the other two pods. Killer whales are highly complex animals known to exhibit social learning and cultural transmission of learned behaviors, but the reason(s) for this behavior is unknown. Hypotheses include the social and developmental benefits of play, hunting practice, or displaced epimeletic behavior.
Thomas Aquinas, Saint for Our Times?
Authors: Sherwin Michael S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhy celebrate Thomas Aquinas? Three eras that celebrated Aquinas in unique ways—the Fourteenth century that canonized him, the Sixteenth century that declared him a doctor of the Church, and the nineteenth century that made him patron of the schools—all struggled with the corrosive effects of nominalism and voluntarism on Western culture. With the help of G. K. Chesterton and C. S. Lewis, this essay suggests that these eras were drawn to Aquinas because his theology offers an antidote against these twin diseases. Specifically, Thomas Aquinas's theology can help us confront the ills of nominalism and voluntarism by encouraging us to celebrate nature, grace, and Christian apprenticeship in virtue as the perennial gifts of God's love.
Thomas Aquinas and The Interlinking of Sanctity and Doctrine, From One Centenary to Another
Authors: Millais Marc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFrom 1923 to the present day, various studies have increasingly analysed the beginnings of the cult of Thomas Aquinas, as well as the authenticity of his works. Over the last century, the reception of Thomas Aquinas between these two poles of sanctity and the authority accorded to his works has shown itself to be a significant pairing, of which this article unpacks some important stages.
QTL mapping and candidate gene analysis of low‐temperature tolerance at the germination stage of soybean
Authors: Zheng Liping , Xie Jianguo , Sun Xingmiao , Zheng Yuhong , Meng Fanfan , Fan Xuhong , Li Guang , Zhang Yunfeng , Wang Mingliang , Zhou Ruo , Qiu Hongmei , Wang Shuming , Jiang Hongwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhen soybean seeds encounter low temperature during germination, the vigour and germination of soybean seeds are affected, which leads to a lack of seedlings and weak seedlings, resulting in yield reduction. In‐depth analysis of the genetic mechanism of soybean seed germination tolerance to low‐temperature stress and the cultivation of soybean‐tolerant varieties is the key to resisting low‐temperature stress at the germination stage. In the present study, a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population constructed by wild soybean ZYD00006 and cultivated soybean SN14 was used to map three quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Five candidate genes were obtained by gene annotation, GO enrichment analysis and protein function prediction. The candidate genes were subjected to bioinformatics analysis, qRT‐PCR analysis, trypsin activity analysis and soluble protein content analysis. The results showed that the secondary and tertiary structures of the Glyma.09G162700 proteins were mutated. Within 0–72 h, the expression of Glyma.09G162700 in the two materials with different tolerances was consistent, and the change in trypsin activity was consistent with the change in protein expression. Through haplotype analysis, Glyma.09G162700 produced two haplotypes at −2420 bp. The germination rate (GR) and relative germination rate (RGR) of the two haplotypes were significantly different, indicating that the two haplotypes have wide applicability in soybean resources. In summary, Glyma.09G162700 may be a candidate gene for low‐temperature tolerance at the germination stage of soybean. These results provide an important theoretical basis and marker information for analysing the mechanism of low‐temperature tolerance in soybean germination stage and cultivating low‐temperature‐tolerant varieties.
Loss ratio dynamics
Authors: Grace Martin F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany studies of the insurance profit cycle use industry‐level annual data and focus on the existence of an AR(2) process. We take a different approach by adopting the idea of possible hard and soft markets, but they are not necessarily cyclical in the classic sense. In addition to aggregated data, we use quarterly firm‐level data to examine loss ratio behavior over time. This approach allows one to assess the firm‐level heterogeneity in the insurance market. We further use a Markov switching model to assess the heterogeneity of response to economic variables. Using a K‐means cluster approach, we examine the different clusters of firms and their different behavior over 2001q1−2020q4.
Physical activity, residential greenness, and cardiac autonomic function
Authors: Korpisaari Maija , Puhakka Soile , Farrahi Vahid , Niemelä Maisa , Tulppo Mikko P. , Ikäheimo Tiina , Korpelainen Raija , Lankila Tiina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThis population‐based study examines the associations between physical activity (PA), residential environmental greenness, and cardiac health measured by resting short‐term heart rate variability (HRV).MethodsResidential greenness of a birth cohort sample (n = 5433) at 46 years was measured with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) by fixing a 1 km buffer around each participant's home. Daily light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), and the combination of both (MVPA) were measured using a wrist‐worn accelerometer for 14 days. Resting HRV was measured with a heart rate monitor, and generalized additive modeling (GAM) was used to examine the association between PA, NDVI, and resting HRV.ResultsIn nongreen areas, men had less PA at all intensity levels compared to men in green areas. Women had more LPA and total PA and less MPA, MVPA, and VPA in green residential areas compared to nongreen areas. In green residential areas, men had more MPA, MVPA, and VPA than women, whereas women had more LPA than men. GAM showed positive linear associations between LPA, MVPA and HRV in all models.ConclusionsHigher LPA and MVPA were significantly associated with increased HRV, irrespective of residential greenness. Greenness was positively associated with PA at all intensity levels in men, whereas in women, a positive association was found for LPA and total PA. A positive relationship of PA with resting HRV and greenness with PA was found. Residential greenness for promoting PA and heart health in adults should be considered in city planning.
Generation of skin tone and pigmented region‐modified images using a pigment discrimination model trained with an optical approach
Authors: Jung Geunho , Kim Semin , Lee Jongha , Yoo Sangwook 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin tone and pigmented regions, associated with melanin and hemoglobin, are critical indicators of skin condition. While most prior research focuses on pigment analysis, the capability to simulate diverse pigmentation conditions could greatly broaden the range of applications. However, current methodologies have limitations in terms of numerical control and versatility.MethodsWe introduce a hybrid technique that integrates optical methods with deep learning to produce skin tone and pigmented region‐modified images with numerical control. The pigment discrimination model produces melanin, hemoglobin, and shading maps from skin images. The outputs are reconstructed into skin images using a forward problem‐solving approach, with model training aimed at minimizing the discrepancy between the reconstructed and input images. By adjusting the melanin and hemoglobin maps, we create pigment‐modified images, allowing precise control over changes in melanin and hemoglobin levels. Changes in pigmentation are quantified using the individual typology angle (ITA) for skin tone and melanin and erythema indices for pigmented regions, validating the intended modifications.ResultsThe pigment discrimination model achieved correlation coefficients with clinical equipment of 0.915 for melanin and 0.931 for hemoglobin. The alterations in the melanin and hemoglobin maps exhibit a proportional correlation with the ITA and pigment indices in both quantitative and qualitative assessments. Additionally, regions overlaying melanin and hemoglobin are demonstrated to verify independent adjustments.ConclusionThe proposed method offers an approach to generate modified images of skin tone and pigmented regions. Potential applications include visualizing alterations for clinical assessments, simulating the effects of skincare products, and generating datasets for deep learning.