bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Downward Redistribution of Breath: Abolitionist Visions of Healing Justice from Chicago
Authors: Kapadia Ronak K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A new generation of visionary artists, activists, and healers from queer and trans Black, Indigenous, and People of Colour communities offer a crucial wellspring for insurgent ideas about breathing, healing, and justice that contrast the dominant militarized policing order in the United States. At a time when the proliferating calamities of global fascism, climate chaos, and endless warfare appear ascendant across the planet, how do minoritarian cultural workers living and labouring in the heart of empire make sense of this dying world order while breathing life into new worlds through their creative practices? The ecology of minoritarian aesthetics emerging from recent overlapping protest movements in Chicago are working to turn the tide against prisons, policing, and American warfare. They offer a powerful roadmap for indexing the dystopian here and now of US imperial decline and imagining rebellious futures that can move us from despair and isolation to coalition and transformation.
Giving Form to Refugee Memory: Ann Le’s Embody Wallpaper Portraits
Authors: Ching Kylie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In Vietnamese American artist Ann Le’s 2012 Embody Wallpaper Portraits series, wallpaper designs of repeating collaged and silhouetted documentary Vietnam War photographs cover the skin and faces of the artist’s own family portraits. The bodies of these haunting and preserved figures serve as sites of forged encounter between public and private photographic archives and commemoration. This article considers two works from this series, titled Mother Refuge and Re Education Graduation, which examine motherhood and the nation-state of the United States as sites that (un)make refuge(es) and question the relationship between re-education camps in Vietnam and the US education system as sites of indoctrination respectively. Theorizing collage as an art practice that prompts a relational analysis of the different war events, I argue that by suturing together seemingly disparate histories, memories, places, and photographs, Le makes visible and invisible the gendered and racial violence that sustains US imperial projects.
Revision of the genus Nephelobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1970 (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae)
Authors: ZHANG DANDAN , CHEN KAI , XIANG LANBIN , KOU ZONGQING 
Published: January 2024

The genus Nephelobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1970 is revised to include eight species. Three species, N. apiculata sp. nov., N. semicircularis sp. nov. and N. brevis sp. nov. are described as new to science. Two new combinations, N. habisalis (Walker, 1859) comb. nov. and N. flavicilialis (Snellen, 1890) comb. nov., are proposed. N. forcipatus Ko & Bae, 2022 syn. nov. is found to be identical with N. habisalis (Walker, 1859). Diagnoses for all species are provided, with illustrations of external features and genitalia.
A consideration of CYP2D6 genetic variations in the Ghanaian population as a potential ‘culprit’ for the tramadol ‘abuse crisis’
Authors: Thomford Nicholas Ekow , Abraham Susanna Aba , Nyarko Samuel Badu , Biney Robert Peter 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Cytochrome P450 2D6 is involved in the metabolism of several important medicines including opioids. Variations in CYP2D6 have been implicated in drug response and according to the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline (CPIC) for CYP2D6, dosing for CYP2D6 substrates should be based on variants carried by individuals. Although CYP2D6 variations in Ghana had been previously recorded, not all variants have been reported in the Ghanaian population. In this exploratory study we set to investigate certain unreported variations in the Ghanaian population in addition to the previously reported ones and use that to understand the tramadol ‘abuse’ crisis that is currently being experienced in Ghana.

Methods
This study employed a convenience sampling approach to include 106 unrelated participants who were recruited as part of the PHARMABIOME project. We successfully genotyped 106 samples using Iplex GOLD SNP genotyping protocol after extracting DNA from these individuals. Allele and diplotype frequencies were undertaken by counting from observed genotypes. Comparison of alleles reported from various studies were done.

Results
Unreported alleles such as *3, *9 and *41 which are classified as no function and decreased function were observed in our study cohort. In addition, variants such as (*1, *2, *4, *5, *10, *17 and *29 were observed with different frequencies. Our study showed 26% representation of intermediate metabolizers (IM) and 2% poor metabolizers (PM) in the study population.

Conclusion
The implications for informal sector workers who use tramadol for recreational purposes, is that IMs and PMs will overdose as they may have reduced analgesic effects which will translate into increased risks of unforeseen adverse events. We therefore propose that CYP2D6 should be considered in opioid dosage while making use of these observed variations to implement new approaches to tackle the tramadol ‘abuse crisis’ in Ghana.
Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and impaired cardiovascular fitness in non-diabetic young population
Authors: Guo Dachuan , Wu Zhenguo , Xue Fei , Chen Sha , Ran Xiangzhen , Zhang Cheng , Yang Jianmin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been linked to the onset, progression, and prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Nevertheless, the relationship between the TyG index and impaired cardiovascular fitness (CVF) remains unexplored in non-diabetic young population.

Methods
We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study (1999–2004) to conduct a cross-sectional study of 3364 participants who completed an examination of CVF. Impaired CVF was defined as low and moderate CVF levels determined by estimated maximal oxygen consumption (Vo2max), based on sex- and age-specific criteria. The TyG index was calculated by $$Ln[TG(mg/dL)\times FPG(mg/dl)/2]$$

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Results
The age (median with interquartile range) of the study population was 28 (19–37) years, and the TyG index (median ± standard deviation) was 8.36 ± 0.52. A significant association between the TyG index and impaired CVF was found in multivariable logistical regression analysis (per 1-unit increase in the TyG index: OR, 1.46; 95% Cl 1.13–1.90). A dose‒response relationship between the TyG index and impaired CVF was presented by restricted cubic splines (RCS). A significant interaction (p = 0.027) between sex and the TyG index for impaired CVF was found in the population aged < 20 years.

Conclusions
In non-diabetic young population, individuals with higher TyG index values are at an increased likelihood of encountering impaired CVF. Furthermore, sex may exert an impact on CVF, as males tend to be more susceptible to impaired CVF under comparable TyG index conditions.
Multiplexed MRM-based proteomics for identification of circulating proteins as biomarkers of cardiovascular damage progression associated with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Piarulli Francesco , Banfi Cristina , Ragazzi Eugenio , Gianazza Erica , Munno Marco , Carollo Massimo , Traldi Pietro , Lapolla Annunziata , Sartore Giovanni 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) by 2–4 fold, and is associated with endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, and chronic hyperglycaemia. The aim of this investigation was to assess, by a multimarker mass spectrometry approach, the predictive role of circulating proteins as biomarkers of cardiovascular damage progression associated with diabetes mellitus.

Methods
The study considered 34 patients with both T2DM and CHD, 31 patients with T2DM and without CHD, and 30 patients without diabetes with a diagnosis of CHD. Plasma samples of subjects were analysed through a multiplexed targeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based assay, namely Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM), allowing the simultaneous detection of peptides derived from a protein of interest. Gene Ontology (GO) Analysis was employed to identify enriched GO terms in the biological process, molecular function, or cellular component categories. Non-parametric multivariate methods were used to classify samples from patients and evaluate the relevance of the analysed proteins’ panel.

Results
A total of 81 proteins were successfully quantified in the human plasma samples. Gene Ontology analysis assessed terms related to blood microparticles, extracellular exosomes and collagen-containing extracellular matrix. Preliminary evaluation using analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the differences in the proteomic profile among patient groups identified 13 out of the 81 proteins as significantly different. Multivariate analysis, including cluster analysis and principal component analysis, identified relevant grouping of the 13 proteins. The first main cluster comprises apolipoprotein C-III, apolipoprotein C-II, apolipoprotein A-IV, retinol-binding protein 4, lysozyme C and cystatin-C; the second one includes, albeit with sub-grouping, alpha 2 macroglobulin, afamin, kininogen 1, vitronectin, vitamin K-dependent protein S, complement factor B and mannan-binding lectin serine protease 2. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves obtained with the 13 selected proteins using a nominal logistic regression indicated a significant overall distinction (p < 0.001) among the three groups of subjects, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) ranging 0.91–0.97, and sensitivity and specificity ranging from 85 to 100%.

Conclusions
Targeted mass spectrometry approach indicated 13 multiple circulating proteins as possible biomarkers of cardiovascular damage progression associated with T2DM, with excellent classification results in terms of sensitivity and specificity.
Diabetes mellitus is associated to high-risk late gadolinium enhancement and worse outcomes in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zulet Pablo , Islas Fabián , Ferrández-Escarabajal Marcos , Bustos Ana , Cabeza Beatriz , Gil-Abizanda Sandra , Vidal María , Martín-Lores Irene , Hernández-Mateo Paula , de Agustín J. Alberto , Olmos Carmen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a worse prognosis in patients with heart failure. Our aim was to analyze the clinical and imaging features of patients with DM and their association with outcomes in comparison to nondiabetic patients in a cohort of patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Methods
This is a prospective cohort study of patients with DCM evaluated in a tertiary care center from 2018 to 2021. Transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance findings were assessed. A high-risk late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) pattern was defined as epicardial, transmural, or septal plus free-wall. The primary outcome was a composite of heart failure hospitalizations and all-cause mortality. Multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of DM on outcomes.

Results
We studied 192 patients, of which 51 (26.6%) had DM. The median left ventricular ejection fraction was 30%, and 106 (55.2%) had LGE. No significant differences were found in systolic function parameters between patients with and without DM. E/e values were higher (15 vs. 11.9, p = 0.025), and both LGE (68.6% vs. 50.4%; p = 0.025) and a high-risk LGE pattern (31.4% vs. 18.5%; p = 0.047) were more frequently found in patients with DM. The primary outcome occurred more frequently in diabetic patients (41.2% vs. 23.6%, p = 0.017). DM was an independent predictor of outcomes (OR 2.01; p = 0.049) and of LGE presence (OR 2.15; p = 0.048) in the multivariable analysis. Patients with both DM and LGE had the highest risk of events (HR 3.1; p = 0.003).

Conclusion
DM is related to a higher presence of LGE in DCM patients and is an independent predictor of outcomes. Patients with DM and LGE had a threefold risk of events. A multimodality imaging approach allows better risk stratification of these patients and may influence therapeutic options.
Pulmonary co-infections by Pneumocystis jirovecii and Herpesviridae: a seven-year retrospective study
Authors: Rucar Alan , Totet Anne , Le Govic Yohann , Demey Baptiste , Damiani Céline 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) is an opportunistic fungus responsible for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in deeply immunocompromised patients and for pulmonary colonization in individuals with mild immunosuppression or impaired respiratory function. PCP and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) co-infections have been widely described whereas those involving other Herpesviruses (HVs) such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 and  -2), and Varicella zoster virus (VZV) remain scarce. To date, no data are available concerning HVs co-infections in P. jirovecii colonization.

Methods
Our main objective was to evaluate the frequency of HVs in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from patients with PCP or with pulmonary colonization. The secondary objective was to assess the relationship between HVs and the mortality rate in PCP patients. A retrospective single-center study over a seven-year period was conducted. All patients with P. jirovecii detected using PCR in a BALF sample and for whom a PCR assay for HVs detection was performed were included in the study.

Results
One hundred and twenty-five patients were included, corresponding to 77 patients with PCP and 48 colonized patients. At least one HV was detected in 54/77 (70.1%) PCP patients and in 28/48 (58.3%) colonized patients. EBV was the most frequent in both groups. Furthermore, the 30-day survival rate in PCP patients was significantly lower with [EBV + CMV] co-infection than that with EBV co-infection, [EBV + HSV-1] co-infection and without HV co-infection.

Conclusion
Our results show that the frequency of HV, alone or in combination is similar in PCP and colonization. They also suggest that [EBV + CMV] detection in BALF samples from PCP patients is associated with an increased mortality rate, underlying the significance to detect HVs in the course of PCP.
Reported xylazine exposure highly associated with overdose outcomes in a rapid community assessment among people who inject drugs in Baltimore
Authors: German Danielle , Genberg Becky , Sugarman Olivia , Saloner Brendon , Sawyer Anne , Glick Jennifer L. , Gribbin Molly , Flynn Colin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Addressing xylazine harms are now a critical harm reduction priority, but relatively little epidemiological information exists to determine prevalence, magnitude, and correlates of xylazine use or related outcomes.

Methods
We conducted a rapid behavioral survey among people who inject drugs (n = 96) in Baltimore November–December 2022. Using a novel indicator of self-reported presumed xylazine effects, we examined prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of past year presumed xylazine effects and association with overdose and wound-related outcomes. Chi-square and descriptive statistics were used to examine bivariate associations overall and separately for those who reported xylazine by name and by reported fentanyl use frequency.

Results
Almost two-thirds (61.5%) reported experiencing xylazine effects. There were no differences by socio-demographics, but xylazine effects were more commonly reported among those who reported injecting alone (66% vs 38%%, p < 0.007) and daily fentanyl use (47% vs 24% p < 0.003). Those reporting xylazine exposure was three times as likely to report overdose (32% vs 11%, p < 0.03) and twice as likely to have used naloxone (78% vs 46%, p < 0.003). They also more commonly reported knowing someone who died of an overdose (92% vs 76%, p < 0.09) and to report an abscess requiring medical attention (36% vs 19%, p < 0.80). These associations were higher among respondents who specifically named xylazine and those who used fentanyl more frequently, but fentanyl frequency did not fully explain the heightened associations with xylazine effects.

Conclusions
This study provides insight into the scope of xylazine exposure and associated health concerns among community-based PWID and suggests measures that may be instrumental for urgently needed research.
Mortality and morbidity after colorectal cancer resection surgery in elderly patients: a retrospective population-based study in Sweden
Authors: Normann Maria , Ekerstad Niklas , Angenete Eva , Prytz Mattias 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer is primarily a condition of older adults, and surgery is the cornerstone of treatment. As life expectancy is increasing and surgical techniques and perioperative care are developing, curative surgery is often conducted even in ageing populations. However, the risk of morbidity, functional decline, and mortality following colorectal cancer resection surgery are known to increase with increasing age. This study aims to describe real-world data about postoperative mortality and morbidity after resection surgery for colorectal cancer in the elderly (≥ 70 years) compared to younger patients (< 70 years), in a Swedish setting.

Methods
A cohort study including all patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer in a Swedish region of 1.7 million inhabitants between January 2016 and May 2020. Patients were identified through the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry, and all baseline and outcome variables were extracted from the registry. The following outcome measures were compared between the two age groups: 90-day mortality rates, postoperative complications, postoperative intensive care, reoperations, readmissions, and 1-year mortality. To adjust the analyses for baseline confounders in the comparison of the outcome variables, the following methods were used: marginal matching, calliper (ID matching), and logistic regression adjusted for baseline confounders.

Results
The cohort consisted of 5246 patients, of which 3849 (73%) underwent resection surgery. Patients that underwent resection surgery were significantly younger than those who did not (mean ± SD, 70.9 ± 11.4 years vs 73.7 ± 12.8 years, p < 0.001). Multivariable analyses revealed that both 90-day and 1-year mortality rates were higher in older patients that underwent resection surgery (90-day mortality OR 2.12 [95% CI 1.26–3.59], p < 0.005). However, there were no significant differences in postoperative intensive care, postoperative complications, reoperations, or readmissions.

Conclusion
Elderly patients suffer increased postoperative mortality after resection surgery for colorectal cancer compared to younger individuals. Given the growing elderly population that will continue to require surgery for colorectal cancer, more efficient ways of determining and handling individual risk for older adults need to be implemented in clinical practice.
Matrix stiffness affects tumor-associated macrophage functional polarization and its potential in tumor therapy
Authors: Xiong Jiaqiang , Xiao Rourou , Zhao Jiahui , Zhao Qiuyan , Luo Manwen , Li Feng , Zhang Wei , Wu Meng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) plays critical roles in cytoskeletal support, biomechanical transduction and biochemical signal transformation. Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) function is regulated by matrix stiffness in solid tumors and is often associated with poor prognosis. ECM stiffness-induced mechanical cues can activate cell membrane mechanoreceptors and corresponding mechanotransducers in the cytoplasm, modulating the phenotype of TAMs. Currently, tuning TAM polarization through matrix stiffness-induced mechanical stimulation has received increasing attention, whereas its effect on TAM fate has rarely been summarized. A better understanding of the relationship between matrix stiffness and macrophage function will contribute to the development of new strategies for cancer therapy. In this review, we first introduced the overall relationship between macrophage polarization and matrix stiffness, analyzed the changes in mechanoreceptors and mechanotransducers mediated by matrix stiffness on macrophage function and tumor progression, and finally summarized the effects of targeting ECM stiffness on tumor prognosis to provide insight into this new field.
Long-term monitoring of fatty acid oxidation defects: results from a MetabERN survey
Authors: Schwantje Marit , Grünert Sarah C. , Fuchs Sabine A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Implementation of long-chain fatty acid oxidation defects (LCFAOD) in newborn screening (NBS) programs allows for pre-symptomatic diagnosis and treatment. The long-term natural history of NBS LCFAOD patients is largely unknown and may differ from clinically diagnosed pre-NBS patients. This complicates long-term monitoring of LCFAOD and may cause high monitoring variability. To gain insight in current clinical practice, we performed a web-based questionnaire among all metabolic members of the European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN).

Results
Thirty-seven colleagues representing at least 35 European metabolic centres shared their experience and results were discussed at the European Metabolic Group (EMG) meeting 2022. The centres concurred in many aspects of long-term monitoring of LCFAOD including the frequency of clinical visits, determination of laboratory parameters, cardiac monitoring and retinopathy screening. Main discrepancies comprised hepatic imaging, glucose monitoring and electrophysiological investigations.

Conclusions
Discrepancies may reflect differences in local availability of monitoring tools, the inclusion of LCFAOD in NBS programs as well as differences in local genotypes and phenotypes. Because monitoring strategies are largely based on the natural disease course of clinically identified patients, there might be over-monitoring of some NBS patients. Nevertheless, we advocate long-term monitoring because resulting information is essential to further characterize the natural disease course, develop evidence-based guidelines and provide a basis for evaluation of future therapies.