bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism in Asian Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Song Joo Hye , Shim Sung Ryul , Kim Dae Sung , Koo Hoon Sup , Huh Kyu Chan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground/AimsAlthough incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been gradually increasing throughout Asia, incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Asia is relatively lower than that in Western and is not well known. This study aimed to evaluate incidence of VTE in Asian IBD patients using a systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsStudies were identified through literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases (from inception inclusive April 2024) for English studies. The criteria for selecting participants were as follows: (1) studies including patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis in the Asian population; (2) comparisons were specified as with control group of non‐IBD patients for comparative incidence; and (3) outcomes were measured by relative risks (RRs) and hazard risk for VTE incidence in nationwide cohort studies. Three independent reviewers extracted published data using standardized procedure in accordance with the reporting guidelines. A fixed‐effects model was used to estimate pooled effect sizes. Meta‐regression analyses were conducted to identify the potential moderating effects of VTE risk in IBD patients.ResultsFive studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled RR for overall VTE incidence in Asian IBD patients compared with that in non‐IBD patients was 2.065 (95% CI: 1.905–2.238). There was no statistical moderating effect of the variables (mean age, female rate, CD proportion, and country) on the outcomes.ConclusionsIn our study, VTE incidence in Asian IBD patients was higher than that in non‐IBD patients. It seemed reasonable to consider prophylaxis for VTE in hospitalized IBD patients.
Outsourcing Bank Loan Screening: The Economics of Third‐Party Loan Guarantees
Authors: SHAN CHENYU , TANG DRAGON YONGJUN , WANG WENYA 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe provide the first theoretical and empirical study on third‐party loan guarantees, a prevalent financing channel worldwide for small borrowers. In our model, the project default probability is unobservable but can be probabilistically discovered with a screening cost. Guarantors, who are more cost‐effective in screening than banks, investigate borrowers and facilitate the financing of borrowers with insufficient collateral. Our data support this outsourcing theory: guarantor's risk measure predicts firms' default losses. Patterns of guarantee fees and loan rates are consistent with model predictions. Our findings illustrate how guarantors produce information and increase the efficiency of small business lending.
The Scope of Nurses' Assessment of Deteriorating Patients in Coronary Care Units: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Woolfe Loftus Nicholas , Smith Duncan , Aitken Leanne M 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite the high acuity of coronary care unit (CCU) patients and their risk of deterioration, little is known about how nurses assess them.AimIncrease understanding of the scope of nurses' assessments of deteriorating CCU patients.DesignOnline mixed methods survey.MethodsThe mRAPIDS (modified Rescuing a Patient in Deteriorating Situations) tool was used to measure assessment scope in responses to a patient vignette with a higher mRAPID score signalling broader scope (maximum score 24). Reflections on day‐to‐day practice were collected concurrently and thematically analysed. Themes were integrated with scores using a joint display table and organised into domains. Comparing ‘fit’ between data showed expansion (overlap with broader nonoverlapping findings) and disconcordance (contradictory findings).ResultsThirty‐four nurses responded, and scope of assessment was found to be narrow (median mRAPIDS 5). Two domains were identified that helped explain this finding ‘the act of assessment’ and ‘education and experience’. Participants emphasised the importance of education and experience, neither increased assessment scope.ConclusionThis study showed that participant assessments were generally narrower than widely accepted best practice (ABCDE assessment).ImplicationsParticipant assessments did not reflect gold standard A‐E assessment, which may partly reflect a need for assessment frameworks that are more compatible with real‐world practice. Further research is required to understand the role of healthcare assistants in the care of deteriorating CCU patients. Clinical judgement is important, but not yet well understood in rapid response systems.ImpactThis study offers preliminary understanding of nurses' assessments of deteriorating patients in CCUs.Reporting MethodAmerican Psychological Association, Mixed Methods Standards.Patient or Public ContributionReviewed protocol, aided result interpretation and shared ideas for future research.
Effects of Capsaicin on Masticatory and Swallowing Function
Authors: Taniguchi Hiroshige , Hirumuta Makoto , Nakazawa Yuri , Ohashi Miho , Aoyagi Yoichiro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionRecent studies have shown that capsaicin improves the pharyngeal swallowing reflex. However, the mechanism by which capsaicin alters mastication and oesophageal function remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of capsaicin on masticatory and oesophageal function.Materials and MethodsParticipants were 12 healthy individuals (7 men, 5 women: aged 31.5 ± 3.0 years). The participants ingested five rice cakes without capsaicin and then five rice cakes containing capsaicin. Total mastication frequency, total mastication time, and mastication rate were measured. Pharyngeal and upper oesophageal sphincter (UES) parameters were evaluated using high‐resolution manometry (HRM). The masticatory and HRM parameters were compared between the ingestion of capsaicin‐containing and non‐capsaicin containing rice cakes.ResultsThe total mastication frequency and total mastication time(s) for capsaicin ingestion were significantly smaller (20.3 ± 9.4 vs. 22.4 ± 7.4; p = 0.011) and shorter (14.2 ± 7.0 vs. 15.4 ± 5.6; p = 0.038), respectively, than those for non‐capsaicin ingestion. Comparison of the HRM parameters revealed significantly higher hypopharyngeal contractile integral (mmHg‐s‐cm) (56.6 ± 40.7 vs. 49.7 ± 43.6; p = 0.016) and proximal oesophageal contractile integral (mmHg‐s‐cm) (492.3 ± 292.64 vs. 381.2 ± 266; p < 0.001), significantly shorter UES basal pressure (mmHg) (93.6 ± 37.8 vs. 114.5 ± 43.4; p < 0.001), and significantly longer UES relaxation time (ms) (486.7 ± 90.7 vs. 431.2 ± 82.3; p < 0.001) for capsaicin ingestion than for non‐capsaicin ingestion.ConclusionsDecreased mastication frequency and time, increased hypopharyngeal and proximal oesophageal contractile integral, and prolonged UES opening time with capsaicin ingestion suggests that capsaicin improves oral, pharyngeal and oesophageal phases of swallowing.
Higher Levels of Dispositional Mindfulness Are Associated With More Effective Ecological Momentary Intervention Outcomes in Reducing the Frequency of Awake Bruxism Behaviours
Authors: Prado‐e‐Silva Letícia , de Oliveira Melchior Melissa , Mélo Alex Moreira , Stuginski‐Barbosa Juliana , Mazzi‐Chaves Jardel Francisco , Díaz‐Serrano Kranya Victoria , da Silva Gherardi‐Donato Edilaine Cristina , Leite‐Panissi Christie Ramos Andrade , Magri Laís Valencise 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious research has highlighted the multifactorial nature of awake bruxism (AB), including its associations with stress, anxiety and other psychological factors. Dispositional mindfulness, known for its benefits in enhancing emotional regulation and reducing stress, has not yet been thoroughly investigated in association with AB.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether levels of dispositional mindfulness predict the efficacy of ecological momentary intervention (EMI) in reducing the frequency of AB behaviours.MethodsThis study employed a quasi‐experimental design with a correlational component and involved 83 undergraduate dental students categorised into high and low mindfulness groups based on the Mindfulness Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS). An EMI was implemented using the No Clenching mobile app, which sent 12 alerts per day over 1 month. The primary outcome measure was a 50% reduction in the frequency of AB behaviours.ResultsA significant positive relationship was found between dispositional mindfulness levels and the reduction in AB behaviours. Participants with higher mindfulness levels experienced a greater reduction in AB frequency compared to those with lower mindfulness levels. Mixed‐effects regression analysis revealed that mindfulness levels were a significant predictor of bruxism reduction (β = 0.45, p < 0.01). The coefficient for MAAS was positive and significant (coefficient = 1.5305, p < 0.001), indicating that higher mindfulness levels are associated with greater reductions in AB frequency. Additionally, a significantly higher percentage of participants in the high mindfulness group (97.5%) achieved a 50% reduction in AB behaviours compared to the low mindfulness group (62%).ConclusionHigher levels of dispositional mindfulness are associated with more effective EMI outcomes in reducing AB behaviours. Incorporating mindfulness‐based approaches into intervention strategies for AB could lead to more personalised and effective treatments.
Vitamin D3 Is Not a Limiting Nutrient Regarding Growth Performance and Tibia Parameters in the Rearing Period of Laying Hens Bred for High Laying Performance Compared to Non‐Selected Resource Populations
Authors: Kölln Mareike , Frahm Jana , Halle Ingrid , Hüther Liane , Kluess Jeannette , Meyer‐Sievers Henrieke , Schrader Lars , Weigend Steffen , Dänicke Sven 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBone damages in laying hens are of great concern in poultry farming. Besides various risk factors like housing systems or nutrient supply during egg production, it has often been hypothesized that genetically high‐performing laying hens may be more prone to bone damages. The relevance of dietary support during the rearing period of pullets for optimal bone development has been little addressed so far. In the present study, an increasing dietary vitamin D3 content within EU legislation was tested during the first 12 weeks of life in two high and two moderate‐performing pullet lines (white and brown layer lines). For this purpose, a total of 940 chickens of both sexes were housed at the Institute of Animal Welfare and Animal Husbandry (Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut, Germany). The three experimental diets differed only regarding the added vitamin D3 amount (300/1000/3000 IU Cholecalciferol/kg diet). After every 4 weeks, randomly chosen animals per genotype and dietary treatment were slaughtered for dissection. Serum 25(OH)‐Vitamin D3 concentrations reflected the dietary treatment. Body weight differed regarding genotype. No effect of dietary vitamin D3 content as a single influence factor on bone parameters like breaking strength, bone dimensions or mineral content could be shown, but age, sex and genotype had impacts and influenced traits in an interactive manner. Therefore, during the first 12 weeks of the rearing period of layer pullets, the different dietary vitamin D3 contents did not influence performance or bone parameters in the four genetically diverse purebred layer lines. Adjusted dietary vitamin D3 recommendations for pullets depending on genetically predetermined egg‐laying performance do not appear to be necessary if dietary vitamin D3 contents are within EU legislation.
Epigenetic Modifications in HBV‐Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Tan Xiaoqing , Xun Linting , Yin Qi , Chen Chaohui , Zhang Tao , Shen Tao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the main pathogen for HCC development. HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) forms extra‐host chromatin‐like minichromosomes in the nucleus of hepatocytes with host histones, non‐histones, HBV X protein (HBx) and HBV core protein (HBc). Epigenetic alterations are dynamic and reversible, which regulate gene expression without altering the DNA sequence and play a pivotal role in the regulation of HCC onset and progression. The aim of this review is to elucidate the deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HBV‐related HCC (HBV‐HCC), including post‐translational histone and non‐histone modifications, DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylation, non‐coding RNA modification on HBV cccDNA minichromosomes and host factors, effecting the replication/transcription of HBV cccDNA and transcription/translation of host genes, and thus HBV‐HCC progression. It is expected that the epigenetic regulation perspective provides new ways for more in‐depth development of therapeutic control of HBV‐HCC.
Early Evidence of “Finance for Normal People” in the First Era of Globalization
Authors: Merli Maxime , Parent Antoine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we unearth a forgotten study of Pierre Des Essars, the director of research at the Banque de France in the late 19th century, enriched with comments from contemporary financial analysts. Des Essars provides the first and only existing example of the actual composition of French individual portfolios during the Belle Époque. By revisiting what is generally taught, our analyses show that many of the intuitions of “finance for normal people” were already present in the financial analysts' writings during the Belle Époque. Specifically, we show in an unprecedented way that these writings prefigure behavioral portfolio theory word for word a century before its emergence. In addition, our findings highlight that this popular science of investment was born from observations of individual portfolios and the objective of providing financial education for the masses. Finally, we reveal strong invariants in the construction of behavioral finance versus standard finance a century apart.
Rough PDEs for Local Stochastic Volatility Models
Authors: Bank Peter , Bayer Christian , Friz Peter K. , Pelizzari Luca 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this work, we introduce a novel pricing methodology in general, possibly non‐Markovian local stochastic volatility (LSV) models. We observe that by conditioning the LSV dynamics on the Brownian motion that drives the volatility, one obtains a time‐inhomogeneous Markov process. Using tools from rough path theory, we describe how to precisely understand the conditional LSV dynamics and reveal their Markovian nature. The latter allows us to connect the conditional dynamics to so‐called rough partial differential equations (RPDEs), through a Feynman–Kac type of formula. In terms of European pricing, conditional on realizations of one Brownian motion, we can compute conditional option prices by solving the corresponding linear RPDEs, and then average over all samples to find unconditional prices. Our approach depends only minimally on the specification of the volatility, making it applicable for a wide range of classical and rough LSV models, and it establishes a PDE pricing method for non‐Markovian models. Finally, we present a first glimpse at numerical methods for RPDEs and apply them to price European options in several rough LSV models.
Mitigating the impact of emotional exhaustion among young intensive care unit nurses: A structural equation model based on the conservation of resources theory
Authors: Zhang Xiaona , Huang Haitao , Du Hua , Li Dan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAs the backbone of the intensive care unit nursing team, young nurses' emotional and psychological well‐being is related to the physiological health and life outcomes of critically ill patients.AimExploring the impact of access to and utilization of organizational resources on emotional exhaustion among intensive care unit nurses.Study DesignA cross‐sectional survey. SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. AMOS 25.0 was used to construct the structural equation model and conduct the Bootstrap test.ResultsA total of 447 valid questionnaires were ultimately included, with a validity rate of 91.2%. The results showed that the turnover intention of young intensive care unit nurses was high (2.06 ± 0.67). Emotional exhaustion positively predicts nurses' turnover intentions (β = 0.30, p < .001). Inclusive leadership (β = 0.075, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.116, p < .001) and distributive justice (β = 0.090, 95% CI: 0.059 to 0.132, p < .001), as organizational resources, respectively moderate the relationship between emotional exhaustion and turnover intention, and play a chain‐mediated role in their relationship (β = 0.055, 95% CI: 0.036 to 0.081, p < .000). Additionally, the study did not show a direct effect of emotional exhaustion on work engagement (β = −0.07, p = .083). Instead, this relationship is mediated through distributive justice (but not inclusive leadership) (β = −0.203, 95% CI: −0.258 to −0.146, p < .001). At the same time, inclusive leadership and distributive justice serve as serial mediators in the mechanism by which emotional exhaustion affects work engagement (β = −0.125, 95% CI: −0.167 to −0.096, p < .000).ConclusionsThis study emphasizes that organizational resources can effectively alleviate the impact of emotional exhaustion among young intensive care unit nurses.Relevance to Clinical PracticeHealth care institutions and nursing managers need to recognize the importance of utilizing organizational resources and take necessary measures to alleviate emotional exhaustion among intensive care unit nurses. By implementing effective policies, they can enhance nurses' work engagement and retain nursing talent.
The Long‐Term Effects of In Utero Exposure to Rubella
Authors: Mosca Irene , Nolan Anne 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA rubella infection in early pregnancy poses a significant risk of damage to the foetus. In this paper, we examine the later‐life impact of a rubella outbreak that occurred in Ireland in 1956. Matching the outcomes of individuals born in 1954–1957 in the 2016 Irish Census of Population to the county‐level rubella incidence rate that was prevailing when respondents were in utero in early pregnancy, we find that one extra rubella case per 10,000 population is associated with between 0.4% and 1.2% point increases in the probability of having lower levels of educational attainment, being in poor health and having a disability in later life.
Dentoalveolar and Skeletal Effects of an Anterior Open Bite Treatment Protocol Using Zygomatic Anchorage
Authors: Acar Yasemin Bahar , Özbilen Elvan Önem , Yıldırım Gamze , Kahraman Dilara , Tozlu Murat , Erverdi Ahmet Nejat 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivePrimary aim was to analyse dentoalveolar and skeletal effects induced by an anterior open bite (AOB) treatment protocol for intrusion of maxillary buccal segment. Secondary aim was to investigate whether a subsequent change occurred in hyoid position.Materials and MethodsStudy group included 28 non‐growing subjects treated in academic setting for correction of AOB. All patients received same appliance that included bilateral acrylic bite‐blocks covering posterior dentition. Intrusive force was applied between buccal bars of appliance and zygomatic multipurpose implants. Lateral cephalograms taken at pre‐treatment (T0) and after intrusion (T1) were analysed using NemoCeph software. Eight skeletal, 9 dental, 6 soft tissue and 5 hyoid parameters were measured and evaluated statistically.ResultsMean open bite was −3.2 ± 2.1 mm at T0. T1–T0 duration was 9.6 ± 1.9 months. Increase in SNB (1.1° ± 2.1°) and the decrease in ANB (−1.1° ± 1.3°), Y‐axis (−0.5° ± 3.5°), SN‐GoGn (−2.0° ± −2.5°) and lower facial height (−1.4 ± 2.1 mm) were significant, indicating mandibular counter‐clockwise rotation. Overjet and open bite decreased significantly (−1.8 ± 2.3 mm and 4.2 ± 2.1 mm, respectively). Maxillary molars intruded (U6‐PP: −3.1 ± 1.3 mm) and distalised (ΔU6‐TVL: −1.5 ± 2.7 mm) significantly. Mean change in L6‐MP was significant (0.9 ± 1.4 mm) showing mandibular molar eruption. Lower lip‐true vertical line (TVL) showed significant forward movement of lower lip (−1.8 ± 2.3 mm). Mean changes in hyoid parameters were not significant.ConclusionSignificant maxillary buccal segment intrusion was achieved in a relatively short period. AOB was corrected while facial profile and smile aesthetics were improved. Distalisation of maxillary molar suggests that intrusive force vector can be modified to achieve simultaneous intrusion and distalisation.
Longitudinal measures of peripheral optical quality in young children
Authors: Vera‐Diaz Fuensanta A. , Dhungel Deepa , McCullough Aidan , Kerber Kristen L. , Bex Peter J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo assess longitudinal changes in optical quality across the periphery (horizontal meridian, 60°) in young children who are at high (HR) or low risk (LR) of developing myopia, as well as a small subgroup of children who developed myopia over a 3‐year time frame.MethodsAberrations were measured every 6 months in 92 children with functional emmetropia at baseline. Children were classified into HR or LR based on baseline refractive error and parental myopia. Zernike polynomials were calculated for 4 mm pupils, accounting for the elliptical shape of the pupil in the periphery. Various metrics were computed, including Strehl Ratios with only high‐order aberrations (HO‐SR). Primary spherical aberration (SA), horizontal coma and defocus were also analysed given their relevance in emmetropisation. The areas under the image quality metrics for various regions of interest were computed.ResultsHO‐SR were higher in children at HR and children with myopia, even when SA was removed from the Strehl Ratio (SR) calculation. SA was less positive in children at HR and children with myopia. Defocus was more negative in children at HR and children with myopia at all eccentricities and was even more negative when computed relative to the fovea, an effect that increased in the mid periphery. Relative peripheral defocus also became more negative over time in children at HR and children with myopia at the mid temporal retina. The other aberrations showed no significant changes in time overall.ConclusionsThis longitudinal study showed differences in HO‐SR, SA and defocus in the central and near‐peripheral retina (±20°) of young children at HR before they develop myopia compared with children at LR for myopia. The results may indicate these eccentricities are significant in providing signals for emmetropisation. The small changes noted over time may indicate that the differences are a cause of myopia development.