bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A promising CO2 methanation catalyst system based on modified halloysites as supports
Authors: Gamal Ahmed , Jlassi Khouloud , Shafi Khulood , Chehimi Mohamed M. , Abdullah Aboubakr M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Earth’s climate is warming due to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2). Different reactions are allocated to mitigate the CO2 in the atmosphere. However, CO2 methanation is a pivotal research hotspot due to its ability to produce methane at low operating temperatures (200–400 °C). Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)-based catalysts have attracted significant attention in various catalytic applications. However, Halloysite is rarely reported for thermal CO2 methanation. The selected halloysite clay was modified first using the 3-Aminopropyl triethoxy silane (NH2) as coupling agent, the resulting materials (HNTs), and then doped with Ni at different weight concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 50%). materials can offer high surface area and porous structure, which can improve metal dispersion. The prepared Ni/HNTs catalysts were characterized using various techniques, such as XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM, which confirmed the existence of nanotubes and porous structures. The propensity of the prepared Ni/HNTs were evaluated to catalyse the CO2 methanation reactions at a temperature range of 250 to 500 ̊C. The catalyst containing 20 wt.% of Ni (20Ni/HNTs) showed the highest CO2 conversion at all reaction temperatures and the highest selectivity of methane at 450 °C (82%). This study paves the way for the large utilization of the HNTs as a strong support for different metals used in thermal catalytic reactions, not limited to the CO2 methanation.

Graphical Abstract
Development of natural sporopollenin microcapsules: from bee pollen to versatile biomaterials
Authors: Aylanc Volkan , Ertosun Seymanur , Peixoto Andreia F. , Santamaria-Echart Arantzazu , Russo-Almeida Paulo , Vale Nuno , Freire Cristina , Vilas-Boas Miguel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The outer layer of the pollen grain, which plays a crucial role in the continuity of terrestrial plant life, has received significant attention due to its robustness, chemical inertness, and biocompatible structure made of sporopollenin. Herein, we present a straightforward method for producing high-purity (up to 97%) polymeric sporopollenin biocapsules (S-BioCaps) from bee pollen, exploring new plant sources for S-BioCaps, and diversifying the available morphologies to broaden the applications of pollen-based microcapsules. Following a purification process involving defatting, acidolysis, and several washing steps, we removed the inner components of the pollen grains and reduced the protein content to 2%. Confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy images showed that the hollow and 3D S-BioCaps microstructure were preserved, while laser diffraction particle size analysis validated their monodisperse distribution across each pollen type within the size range of 15 to 24 μm. S-BioCaps tended to exhibit hydrophobic behavior when assessed through water dispersion and water marble analysis. Moreover, we sought to figure out the chemical changes occurring in specimens through Fourier-transform infrared analysis, and findings were consistent with simultaneous thermal analysis, where the thermal decomposition of sporopollenin biopolymer reached up to 457 °C. Overall, this work demonstrates a straightforward approach for utilizing pollen grains from Echium sp., Jasione sp., Papaver sp., Amaranthaceae, and Helianthemum sp., collected with the assistance of honeybees, to produce stable S-BioCaps with diverse morphologies, thereby broadening their potential applications as drug delivery microcarriers.

Graphical abstract
Three-Dimensional-Printed Elements Based on Polymer and Composite Materials in Dentistry: A Narrative Review
Authors: Lepišová Michaela , Tomášik Juraj , Oravcová Ľubica , Thurzo Andrej 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
3D printing technologies are manufacturing technologies based on computer-designed digital models that allow fabrication of layered three-dimensional objects. This review aims to present a summary of the literature published on 3D-printed polymer and composite materials in dentistry. A literature search was performed using the PubMed database to identify eligible articles. In total 508 articles were identified based on the original search query, with 362 being eliminated based on the exclusion criteria and 146 articles were screened and based on their abstracts, 68 articles were studied in detail. Subsequently, these articles were divided into three groups based on the area of application: (1) restorative dentistry, which included 3D printed crowns, bridges, and veneers; (2) regenerative dentistry and tissue engineering, such as 3D printed scaffolds; (3) fabrication of oral guides and other appliances, such as surgical guides, dental implants, and surgical splints. In this review the 3D printing technology is described, including its benefits regarding working time, accuracy and overall design and fabrication of products. The review shows that the most studied area of application of printable polymers and composites is regenerative dentistry. Even though these materials are studied for their properties and the effects on the human body as well as the environment, novel materials with specific and revolutionary characteristics that have emerged in recent years are given special attention. However, more research is needed to ensure the safety of use and confirm the characteristics of novel materials in both in vivo and in vitro conditions.
Futures-Based Forecasts of Cotton Prices: Beyond Historical Averages
Authors: Poghosyan Armine , Isengildina-Massa Olga , Stewart Shamar L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study explores several alternative specifications of futures-based forecasting models to improve existing approaches constrained by restrictive assumptions and limited information sets. In lieu of historical averages, our approaches use rolling regressions and include current market information reflected in the deviation of the current basis from its historical average. To mitigate potential challenges arising from nonstationarity and structural changes in the relationship between farm and futures prices, we employ a 5-year rolling estimation window. We find that a rolling regression approach offers significant improvements (as evidenced by our Modified Diebold–Mariano test) in the accuracy and information content of forecasts of cotton season-average prices (SAPs) mostly at short forecast horizons.
Distributed planning method for detection array of UAV formation with bearing-only sensor network
Authors: Chen Z. , Fu W. , Li Y. , Zhang R. , Song D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) formations for bearing-only passive detection are increasingly important in modern military confrontations, and the array of the formation is one of the decisive factors affecting the detection accuracy of the system. How to plan the optimal geometric array in bearing-only detection is a complex nondeterministic polynomial problem, and this paper proposed the distributed stochastic subgradient projection algorithm (DSSPA) with layered constraints to solve this challenge. Firstly, based on the constraints of safe flight altitude and fixed baseline, the UAV formation is layered, and the system model for bearing-only cooperative localisation is constructed and analysed. Then, the calculation formula for geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) in the observation plane is provided, this nonlinear objective function is appropriately simplified to obtain its quadratic form, ensuring that it can be adapted and used efficiently in the system model. Finally, the proposed distributed stochastic subgradient projection algorithm (DSSPA) combines the idea of stochastic gradient descent with the projection method. By performing a projection operation on each feasible solution, it ensures that the updated parameters can satisfy the constraints while efficiently solving the convex optimisation problem of array planning. In addition to theoretical proof, this paper also conducts three simulation experiments of different scales, validating the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method for bearing-only detection array planning in UAV formations. This research provides essential guidance and technical reference for the deployment of UAV formations and path planning of detection platforms.
Single-item continuous-review inventory models with random supplies
Authors: Helmes Kurt L. , Stockbridge Richard H. , Zhu Chao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper analyzes single-item continuous-review inventory models with random supplies in which the inventory dynamic between orders is described by a diffusion process, and a long-term average cost criterion is used to evaluate decisions. The models in this class have general drift and diffusion coefficients and boundary points that are consistent with the notion that demand should tend to reduce the inventory level. Random yield is described by a (probability) transition function which depends on the inventory on hand and the nominal amount ordered; it is assumed to be a distribution with support in the interval determined by the order-from and the nominal order-to locations of the stock level. Using weak convergence arguments involving average expected occupation and ordering measures, conditions are given for the optimality of an (s, S) ordering policy in the general class of policies with finite expected cost. The characterization of the cost of an (s, S) policy as a function of two variables naturally leads to a nonlinear optimization problem over the stock levels s and S, and the existence of an optimizing pair
$(s^*,S^*)$
is established under weak conditions. Thus, optimal policies of inventory models with random supplies can (easily) be numerically computed. The range of applicability of the optimality result is illustrated on several inventory models with random yields.
The trends of blood culture contamination and utilization rates in an LMIC tertiary care center from 2010 to 2022: a call for diagnostic stewardship?
Authors: Saleh Lama , Chamieh Amanda , El Basst Rima , Azar Eid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
At Saint George Hospital University Medical Center in Beirut, Lebanon, we determine (1) annual blood culture (BC) contamination (BCC) and utilization (BCU) rates vs international benchmarks, (2) identify blood culture contaminants, (3) bloodstream infections episodes in patients with and without COVID-19 after the pandemic onset, and (4) any epidemiologic trends in BCC and BCU.

Design:
Retrospective observational study.

Setting:
Private tertiary referral center, from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022.

Methods:
We define a contaminated BC as the growth of a typical contaminant/skin flora in 1-2/4 BC bottles. We calculate BCC rates as a percentage of the contaminated BC/total BC during the period and BCU rates as the number of BC/1000 patient days (PD).

Results:
The average BCU rate of 85.9/1000 PD in 2010–2019 increased to 106.6/1000 PD in 2020–2022. On average, patients with COVID-19 had a higher BCU rate of 185.9/1000 PD, corresponding to an additional 100 blood cultures/1000 PD. The average BCC rate was 7%, ranging from 6% in 2010–2019 to 8% in 2020–2022. We observed the highest BCC rate of 9% in patients with COVID-19, likely due to the higher BCU. The most frequently isolated contaminants were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (96%), of which 65% were Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Conclusion:
We saw a multifactorial, persistently elevated rate of BCC over 13 years as unaffected by strict infection control practices. We think that further research targeting a standardized, low BCU rather than inevitable BCC while advocating for diagnostic stewardship of low-middle-income countries is essential, especially where the lack of appropriate resource allocation and awareness are problematic.
Analysis of the practice of switch of antibiotics from intravenous to oral therapy at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal: a prospective observational study
Authors: Acharya Upasana , Shrestha Sweta , Rawal Aastha , Dangol Laxmi , Sapkota Binaya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
This study analyzed the practice of switching intravenous antibiotics to oral dosage form in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal.

Design:
A prospective observational study was performed among patients admitted to medical/surgical wards in a private tertiary care hospital of Nepal.

Methods:
Hospitalized adult patients who received IV antibiotics for at least 48 hours and met the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study. The detailed information on use of antibiotics such as indication, duration, type time of switch etc. were collected and analyzed.

Results:
Among 335 patients, 282(83.9%) met the eligibility criteria for intravenous (IV) to oral conversion however, only 18.7% of patients were switched to oral regimen. Step-down conversion was the common type of IV to oral switch. Almost all patients were empirically treated with β-lactams antibiotics (n = 327). There was significant association between the antibiotic class and duration of IV therapy (P < 0.001). The length of hospital stays and duration of IV antibiotics therapy was lower in the timely converted group than in the non-converted groups (P < 0.001). The duration of IV antibiotics therapy was strongly correlated with duration of hospital stay (r = 0.743, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The findings revealed a low prevalence of conversion from IV antibiotics to oral, despite a higher percentage of patients meeting the eligibility criteria for conversion. There is a need for the implementation of structured program to review patients on IV antibiotics and promote timely conversion to oral once they meet the conversion criteria.
Candida auris screening of high-risk patients: a descriptive comparison of 2 strategies
Authors: Pedersen Laura , Barajas-Ochoa Aldo , Cooper Kaila , Price Jenna , Hannum Kathryn , Major Yvette , Ching Patrick R. , Rittmann Barry , Bryson Alexandra , Doern Christoper , Doll Michelle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We compared two Candida auris screening strategies in high-risk patients.
The positivity rates for point prevalence survey (PPS) and admission screening were similar: 3.9% versus 3.4%, respectively, P = 1.00. Approximately 3% of high-risk patients are colonized, thus there is a need for a universal infection prevention approach for C. auris.
Rigidity and factivity
Authors: Lampert Fabio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
David Chalmers argued against the claim that for all p, or even for all entertainable p, it is knowable a priori that p iff actually p. Instead of criticizing Chalmers’s argument, I suggest that it can be generalized, in a sense, and in interesting ways, concerning other principles about contingent a priori truths. In particular, I will argue that the puzzle presented by Chalmers runs parallel to others that do not turn on ‘actually’. Furthermore, stronger arguments can be presented that do not turn on apriority either, though they do entail the conclusion of Chalmers’s argument. All such puzzles involve interactions between rigidifying sentence-forming devices with factive operators.
Credibility excess as an epistemic injustice
Authors: Dyck Keith 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
According to Fricker’s (2007) seminal account, an epistemic injustice is done when, based on prejudice, a hearer ascribes to a speaker a level of credibility below what they deserve. When prejudice results in credibility excess, however, Fricker contends no similar injustice takes place. In this paper, I will challenge the second of these claims. Using a modified version of Zollman’s (2007) two-armed bandit model, I will show how the systematic over-ascription of credibility within a dominant group can produce epistemic advantages for that group relative to non-group members.
Bratman on institutional agency
Authors: Brown Jessica 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In his recent book, Shared and Institutional Agency, Bratman attempts to defend realism about institutional agency while appealing only to ontologically modest foundations. Here I argue that this ontologically modest foundation leaves Bratman unable to provide plausible accounts of institutional evidence, institutional belief, and the reasons for which institutions believe and act. Given that these phenomena are key to our moral and epistemic evaluation of institutions and their actions, this is a serious failing. Instead, we should defend a more robust realism about institutional agency.
On the value of changing your mind
Authors: Shields Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We are all capable of arriving at views that are driven by corrupting non-epistemic interests. But we are nonetheless very skilled at performing a commitment to epistemic goods in such cases. I call this the “Problem of Mere Epistemic Performance,” and it generates a need to determine when these commitments are illusory and when they are in fact genuine. I argue that changing one’s mind, when done in response to the evidence and at a likely cost to oneself, is the best indication that an agent is committed to epistemic goods and that they are genuinely in the game of giving and asking for reasons. This is because changing one’s mind in this way goes as far as we can in eliminating the possibility that the agent has an ulterior motivation for their epistemic practices. Moreover, this account shows that the consensus view of the ideal epistemic agent is mistaken. The ideal agent must have false beliefs or deficient epistemic practices because only then do they have the opportunity to change their mind and establish a commitment to epistemic goods – a commitment that even an agent with only true beliefs and maximal justification or understanding may lack.
Rich representations and superrigidity
Authors: BALDI GREGORIO , MILLER NICHOLAS , STOVER MATTHEW , ULLMO EMMANUEL 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate and compare applications of the Zilber–Pink conjecture and dynamical methods to rigidity problems for arithmetic real and complex hyperbolic lattices. Along the way, we obtain new general results about reconstructing a variation of Hodge structure from its typical Hodge locus that may be of independent interest. Applications to Siu’s immersion problem are also discussed, the most general of which only requires the hypothesis that infinitely many closed geodesics map to proper totally geodesic subvarieties under the immersion.
Time almost periodicity for solutions of Toda lattice equation with almost periodic initial datum
Authors: ZHAO HAOXI , CHENG HONGYU 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper analyzes the initial value problem for the Toda lattice with almost periodic initial data: let

$J(t; J_{0})$

denote the family of Jacobi matrices which are solutions of the Toda flow equation with initial condition

$J(0; J_{0})=J_{0},$

then, the given almost periodic datum

$J_{0}$

is a discrete linear Schrödinger operator with almost periodic potential, which plays a fundamental role in our considerations. We show that, under some given hypotheses, the spectrum of the Schrödinger operator is pure absolute continuous and homogeneous (measure-theoretically) by establishing exponential asymptotics on the size of spectral gaps. These two conclusions enable us to show the boundedness and almost periodicity in the time of solutions for Toda lattice equation with almost periodic initial data. As a consequence, our result presents a positive answer to the discrete Deift’s conjecture [Some open problems in random matrix theory and the theory of integrable systems. Integrable Systems and Random Matrices (Contemporary Mathematics, 458). American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2008, pp. 419–430; Some open problems in random matrix theory and the theory of integrable systems. II. SIGMA Symmetry Integrability Geom. Methods Appl.13 (2017), Paper no. 016].
Young investors, precariousness, and the maturing asset economy
Authors: McKenzie Monique de Jong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Enamoured by gamified FinTech platforms and the rise of investment cultures on social media, young people are turning to financial markets to take control over their future in a present shaped by instability and crisis. Recently, the story of young investors has been dominated by sensationalist accounts of speculative investing (i.e., GameStop). But alongside these speculative traders exists the young passive investor, who steadily invests in safe, diverse assets to grow their wealth over their lifetime. The figure of the passive young investor points to a larger social phenomenon of a maturing asset economy where major assets such as property are out of reach, but financial assets have emerged to allow young people to live an assetised life. To understand why young investors are turning to financial markets as an instrument of wealth accumulation, I argue that these practices emerge as a response to young people’s affective state of precariousness. This precariousness emerges from their material and discursive context that includes a retreating welfare state, wage stagnation, limited employment pathways, and individualised risk management. This affective atmosphere of precariousness pushes young people to seek stability and security wherever they can, and for young investors, this is found in financial assets.
Capitalising on conjunctures: Tesla’s ups and downs in financialised capitalism
Authors: Klinge Tobias , Ouma Stefan , Hendrikse Reijer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article explores the puzzling ups and downs of Tesla, going through one the most volatile stock market swings of the recent past, under conditions of financialised capitalism. We adopt a conjunctural approach, highlighting both the macro and micro dynamics shaping the firm’s financial market trajectory. Among these, meticulously maintained narratives, boosted by social media, attracted dedicated followers, while the rise of new retail trading platforms and excitement around Tesla’s index inclusion helped in producing its stock ‘mementum’. This volatility was further supported by an exceptionally large volume of financial derivatives trading, paralleling a public battle between short sellers and the company’s defenders. The resulting stock market boom enabled Tesla to stabilise its finances, whilst its ‘mercurial’ CEO Elon Musk negotiated the largest executive compensation package in US corporate history, turning him into the world’s richest individual. In conclusion, we argue that Tesla serves as an emblematic case of an increasingly tech-driven financialised capitalism, which scholars could use as a window to study future conjunctures.
Disregard: Attitudes about Male Survivors
Authors: Wilhelm Isaac 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this article, I discuss some ways in which my experience, as a sexual assault survivor, has often been disregarded. It was disregarded when it occurred, by a crowd of people who watched. It has also been disregarded, however, in certain sorts of conversations—that occur within feminist communities—about sexual violence. The latter forms of disregard stem from the fact that I am male, and so do not fit many peoples’ preconceptions about survivors of sexual assault. After discussing these different forms of disregard and how they relate, I raise some difficult questions concerning whether, and how, conversations about sexual violence should make room for experiences like mine. In closing, I propose tentative, schematic answers to those questions.