bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cognitive and motor tasks on postural stability in Parkinson's disease: A posturographic study
Authors: Marchese Roberta , Bove Marco , Abbruzzese Giovanni 
Published: May 2003

AbstractTo analyse the effect of concomitant cognitive or motor task performance on balance control in Parkinson's disease (PD), we performed a posturographic study in 24 PD patients and in 20 sex‐ and age‐matched control subjects. Postural sway was measured with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) during quiet stance and during performance of calculation or motor sequence of thumb opposition to the other fingers. No difference of centre of foot pressure (COP) parameters was observed during quiet standing (either EO or EC) between patients and controls, but visual deprivation induced in both groups a worsening of postural stability. COP area was significantly increased in PD patients during dual task performance, whereas no difference of COP path and x–y axes was observed. The effects induced by the performance of cognitive or motor task were significantly more evident in PD patients with clinical evidence of postural instability (presence of prior falls in the history). This study demonstrates that dual task interference on postural control can be observed in PD patients during performance of cognitive as well as motor tasks. The balance deterioration during dual task performance was significantly enhanced in patients with history of prior falls. These findings have some implications for the strategies to be used in reducing the risk of fall in PD. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Akathisia as a side effect of antipsychotic treatment with quetiapine in a patient with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Prueter Christian , Habermeyer Benedikt , Norra Christine , Kosinski Christoph M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractDue to its low profile for extrapyramidal side‐effects, quetiapine has become an alternative to clozapine in the treatment of dopamimetic psychosis in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We describe the case of a patient with PD who developed severe akathisia, a common complication with classical antipsychotics, with quetiapine. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of drooling in parkinsonism
Authors: Mancini Francesca , Zangaglia Roberta , Cristina Silvano , Sommaruga Maria Grazia , Martignoni Emilia , Nappi Giuseppe , Pacchetti Claudio 
Published: May 2003

AbstractDrooling is a frequent symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD), occurring in almost 75% of all patients. Although it is now well known that drooling in PD is the result of swallowing difficulties rather than excessive saliva production, few treatments have been developed to reduce it. Clinical studies suggest that botulinum toxin A (BTX) injections into salivary glands are effective in decreasing drooling in PD patients. In this double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study, 20 patients with parkinsonism (idiopathic PD or multiple system atrophy), were randomly assigned to receive 450 U of BTX (Dysport; Ipsen, Berkshire, UK) or 2 ml of placebo, injected into the parotids and submandibular glands under ultrasonographic guidance. Treatment efficacy and safety were assessed at baseline, 1 week and 3 months after BTX injections using clinical scales (Drooling Severity and Drooling Frequency scales) and side effects surveillance. After treatment, the average secretion of saliva in the BTX group was significantly lower than in the placebo group, as appraised by clinical measurements. No side effects were observed in either group. BTX injection into parotids and submandibular glands, under ultrasonographic guidance, is an effective and safe treatment for drooling in parkinsonism. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Prospective study of phobic anxiety and risk of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Weisskopf Marc G. , Chen Honglei , Schwarzschild Michael A. , Kawachi Ichiro , Ascherio Alberto 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAnxiety disorders are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the risk of PD among people with anxiety has not been examined in a prospective cohort study. We examined this relation prospectively within the Health Professionals Follow‐Up Study, a cohort of US male health professionals. In 1988, anxiety was assessed using the Crown–Crisp phobic anxiety index in 35,815 men without PD, stroke, or cancer at baseline. There were 189 incident cases of PD during 12 years of follow‐up. After adjusting for age, smoking, and caffeine intake, the relative risk of PD among men with the highest level of anxiety (Crown–Crisp index scores of 4 and above) was 1.5 (95% CI = 1.0–2.1;P‐trend = 0.01) compared to men with the lowest level of anxiety. This positive association persisted after excluding cases of PD with onset in the first 2 years of follow‐up. Use of anxiolytic medication was also associated with an elevated risk of PD (RR= 1.6; 95% CI = 0.9–3.1), but adjusting for this potential confounder did not materially affect the association between anxiety and risk of PD. Our results suggest that anxiety is a risk factor for PD. Whether this association is causal or the result of shared underlying biology remains a question. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Flumazenil, a GABA antagonist, may improve features of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Ondo William G. , Hunter Christine 
Published: May 2003

AbstractManipulation of γ‐aminobutyrate (GABA) system has been little studied in Parkinson's disease, despite the fact that GABA subserves a large part of the basal ganglia, including the outflow tracts. To test whether antagonism of GABA could improve features of PD, we administered open label intravenous flumazenil to eight practically defined off patients and assessed UPDRS scores, bilateral 1‐minute hand‐tapping speed, and timed gait tests. Patients demonstrated significantly greater tapping speed, which peaked 40 minutes after injection (P < 0.05). Total motor Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores modestly improved (P < 0.05). There were no adverse events. Mechanisms by which flumazenil could improve PD are discussed. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Tetrabenazine in the treatment of severe pediatric chorea
Authors: Chatterjee Anjan , Frucht Steven J. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractTetrabenazine (TBZ) is widely used to treat adults with hyperkinetic movement disorders; however, published experience with the drug in pediatric patients is limited. We report on 5 children with severe chorea who were treated with TBZ. TBZ effectively controlled chorea in 4 patients, and despite the need for relatively high doses, it was well tolerated. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Spasmodic dysphonia in a patient with the A to G transition at nucleotide 8344 in mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Peng Ying , Crumley Roger , Ringman John M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractDystonia has been described in various diseases affecting mitochondrial function but spasmodic dysphonia, a form of focal dystonia, has not. We present a patient with action myoclonus affecting the hands and arms who carried the most common mutation in mitochondrial DNA causing the myoclonic epilepsy and ragged red fibers (MERRF) syndrome (the A→G substitution at nucleotide 8344 in the tRNALys gene). This patient also had spasmodic dysphonia that was responsive to treatment with intralaryngeal botulinum toxin. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Sleepiness in Parkinson's disease: A controlled study
Authors: Brodsky Matthew A. , Godbold James , Roth Tom , Olanow C. Warren 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSudden‐onset sleep episodes while driving have been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and termed sleep attacks because they were reported to be irresistible and to occur without warning. We postulate that these episodes are due to excessive daytime sleepiness secondary to the high frequency of sleep disorders in PD patients and the sedative effects of dopaminergic medications. We assessed the frequency and relationship between excess daytime sleepiness and sleep episodes while driving (SE) in patients with PD. We evaluated 101 consecutive PD patients presenting to the Movement Disorder Center at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine using a questionnaire that incorporated a subjective estimate of sleepiness, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and information on disease severity and dopaminergic medications. One hundred age‐matched respondents without PD served as a control population. Excess daytime sleepiness was reported in 76% of PD patients compared to 47% of controls (P < 0.05). The mean ESS scores for PD patients was 9.1 ± 6.1 versus 5.7 ± 4.4 in controls (P < 0.001). ESS scores ≥10 were observed in 40.6% of PD patients compared to 19% of controls (P < 0.01) and 24% of PD patients had scores ≥15, compared to 5% of controls (P < 0.001). Sleep episodes while driving were experienced by 20.8% of PD drivers compared to 6% of control drivers (P < 0.05). The mean daily levodopa (L‐dopa) dose equivalent was 1,142 ± 858 mg in PD drivers who experienced a SE while driving compared to 626 ± 667 mg in those who had not (P < 0.05). Similarly, ESS was significantly greater in drivers with a SE than in those without (11.6 ± 6.4 vs. 8.4 ± 4.1; P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that ESS and mean daily L‐dopa dose equivalents were predictors of sleep episodes while driving, whereas age, gender, disease severity, and individual dopaminergic agents were not. These findings support the notion that sleep episodes while driving in PD patients are related to excess daytime sleepiness and dopaminergic load. Physicians should advise and treat patients accordingly. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Complex interactions in Parkinson's disease: A two‐phased approach
Authors: Maraganore Demetrius M. , de Andrade Mariza , Lesnick Timothy G. , Farrer Matthew J. , Bower James H. , Hardy John A. , Rocca Walter A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe identification of pathogenic mutations in the three genes α‐synuclein, parkin, and ubiquitin carboxy‐terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) has elucidated the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and its potential role as a causal pathway in Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, polymorphisms of these three genes have been shown to be independently associated with PD. In a sample of 298 unrelated PD cases and 185 controls, we applied a two‐phased approach of recursive partitioning and logistic regression analyses to explore complex interactions. For women only, we observed an epistatic interaction of UCHL1 and α‐synuclein genotypes with significant effects on PD risk (odds ratio = 2.42; P = 0.003). Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that PD is a multigenic disorder of the UPS. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Painless legs and moving toes in a mother and her daughter
Authors: Dziewas Rainer , Kuhlenbäumer Gregor , Okegwo Angelika , Lüdemann Peter 
Published: May 2003

AbstractPainful legs and moving toes (PLMT) is a rare syndrome which is characterised by involuntary movements of the toes and pain in the legs. We report on a mother and her daughter who both presented with involuntary movements of the toes similar to those seen in PLMT but without any associated pain. Neurological examination revealed intermittent 0.3 to 0.5‐Hz flexion and extension of the toes and ankles of the right foot in the mother, and of both feet in the daughter. In both patients, the movements appeared during periods of rest that were uncorrelated with the time of day. Diagnostic work‐up gave no evidence of radiculopathy or of focal neuropathy. Overnight polysomnography documented that movements of the toes and feet occurred only before sleep onset and during periods of nocturnal awakening or arousals. Because the movements observed in our patients were similar to those seen in patients with PLMT, we diagnosed an abortive form of this syndrome, which already has got the naming “painless legs and moving toes.” The occurrence in a mother and her daughter may point to a hereditary component of this disorder. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Platinum‐based anticancer agents: Innovative design strategies and biological perspectives
Authors: Ho Yee‐Ping , Au‐Yeung Steve C.F. , To Kenneth K.W. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe impact of cisplatin on cancer chemotherapy cannot be denied. Over the past 20 years, much effort has been dedicated to discover new platinum‐based anticancer agents that are superior to cisplatin or its analogue, carboplatin. Most structural modifications are based on changing one or both of the ligand types coordinated to platinum. Altering the leaving group can influence tissue and intracellular distribution of the drug, whereas the carrier ligand usually determines the structure of adducts formed with DNA. DNA–Pt adducts produced by cisplatin and many of its classical analogues are almost identical, and would explain their similar patterns of tumor sensitivity and susceptibility to resistance. Recently some highly innovative design strategies have emerged, aimed at overcoming platinum resistance and/or to introduce novel mechanisms of antitumor action. Platinum compounds bearing the 1,2‐diaminocyclohexane carrier ligand; and those of multinuclear Pt complexes giving rise to radically different DNA–Pt adducts, have resulted in novel anticancer agents capable of circumventing cisplatin resistance. Other strategies have focused on integrating biologically active ligands with platinum moieties intended to selectively localizing the anticancer properties. With the rapid advance in molecular biology, combined with innovation, it is possible new Pt‐based anticancer agents will materialize in the near future. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 23, No. 5, 633–655, 2003
Recent advances inde novodesign strategy for practical lead identification
Authors: Honma Teruki 
Published: May 2003

AbstractDe novodesign programs such as LEGEND, LUDI, and LeapFrog can identify novel structures that are predicted to fit the active site of a target protein. However, in the conventionalde novodesign strategy, the output structures obtained from the programs can be problematic with regard to synthetic accessibility and binding affinity prediction. Thus it has been practically difficult to obtain novel lead compounds that are appropriate for medicinal chemists through thede novodesign strategy. Since the late 1990s, several new strategies for lead identification have been reported and the successful examples have been disclosed. One of the strategies is validation of small fragments, which can be substructures ofde novoligands, by using NMR, X‐ray, or MS spectra. Another method is prioritization of output structures obtained fromde novodesign programs by chemical accessibility. This review describes these new strategies with practical applications and future perspectives ofde novodesign. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 23, No. 5, 606–632, 2003
Extraction of an avalanche diode noise model for its application as an on‐wafer noise source
Authors: Maya M. C. , Lázaro A. , Pradell L. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis paper presents a method to characterize the excess noise ratio (ENR) of an unmatched avalanche noise diode for application as an on‐wafer noise source. It is based on the determination of a broadband device noise circuit‐model from its measured reflection coefficient and noise powers. Measured ENR is used to calibrated a noise receiver up to 40 GHz. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 89–92, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10979
Design of a singly‐fed circularly polarized aperture‐coupled multilayer microstrip antenna for INMARSAT ground terminal applications
Authors: Zhang Yabin , Li Binhong , Liu Yijun 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis paper presents a design procedure for a singly‐fed circularly polarized aperture‐coupled multilayer microstrip antenna (SF‐ACMMA) for INMARSAT ground terminal applications. In the design, low‐cost foam with low permittivity is used for enhancing the impedance bandwidth of antenna. The impedance bandwidth for VSWR ≤ 2 and circular polarization bandwidth for axial ratio (AR) ≤3 dB reach to 18.8% (1.45 to 1.75 GHz) and 12.3%, respectively. A gain of 9.4 dBi is also achieved. These measured results verify the applicability of design. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 92–95, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10980
Direct near‐field antenna testing and fault diagnosis by a silicon‐probe‐based optical sensing technique
Authors: Massa R. , Panariello G. , Rendina I. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA non‐perturbing, fast, low‐cost probe for near‐field measurements is presented in this paper. The new sensing technique's capabilities in antenna fault diagnosis and direct measurement of field intensity distribution at subwavelength distance from the sources are demonstrated by test measurement on different microwave antennas and applicators. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 95–98, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10981
A PIN PD microwave equivalent circuit model for optical receiver design
Authors: Jianjun Gao , Baoxin Gao , Chunguang Liang 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA microwave equivalent circuit model for a PIN photodetector based on rate equations is presented using a SPICE simulator. The model is employed for 2.5‐Gb/s optical receiver design. The simulated frequency response performance of the receiver is in good agreement with measured results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 102–104, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10984
A WDM network architecture with multiple receivers and a synchronous transmission protocol with constraint of data channel collision
Authors: Pountourakis Ioannis E. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA network control architecture for WDM passive star topology is introduced with a suitable network interface unit that reduces the headers' electronic processing bottleneck at each station. Also, a queueing model with receiver collision analysis for a synchronous transmission protocol which restricts data channel collision improving the system performance, is developed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 104–108, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10985
Wide‐angle solution of nonlinear coupled wave equations based on Padé approximants
Authors: Flamino Reinaldo S. , Alcantara Licinius D. S. , César Amílcar C. , Borges Ben‐Hur V. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA wide‐angle finite‐difference beam propagation method for the solution of coupled nonlinear wave equations is introduced in this paper. The formalism is expanded in terms of Padé approximants for the Crank–Nicolson scheme. An iterative algorithm is utilized to optimize convergence in the nonlinear region. The overall performance of the method is checked for a nonlinear X‐coupler. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 108–113, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10986
Compact dual‐band metal‐plate antenna for 2.4/5.2‐GHz WLAN operation
Authors: Su Chih‐Ming , Chen Wen‐Shyang , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA novel compact dual‐band metal‐plate antenna is presented. The antenna is easily constructed by bending a metal plate, which consists of a longer arm as the grounding portion and two shorter arms as the major radiating portions for controlling the resonant modes at about 2.4 and 5.2 GHz, into a structure having a compact cross section of 1 × 3 mm2 and a length of 60 mm. The antenna is easily fed by using a 50Ω mini coaxial line, and is suitable to fit in possible narrow spaces within a communication device. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 113–115, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10987
A 3 × 3 integrated optical switch for a three‐axis fiber‐optic gyro
Authors: Fushen Chen , Qicong Li 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA group of 3 × 3 integrated optical switches with the bifurcation optic active (BOA) structure of a zero‐gap directional coupler for a three‐axis fiber‐optic gyro is fabricated and demonstrated by using an x‐cut LiNbO3 substrate and 1.3‐μm optical wavelength. The technique of proton exchange on the LiNbO3 wafer is contributed to form a single‐polarization state for optical modes. Experimental results show that the devices with BOA structure have a low crosstalk and the more obvious advantages of decreasing the size, weight, and costs of fiber‐optic gyro. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 115–117, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10988
Application of optical computerized tomography in the heat elimination of an aeroengine blade
Authors: Hongbing Yao , Anzhi He 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn this paper, optical computerized tomography (OCT) is first used for research on the heat elimination of a real aeroengine blade. The 3D temperature distribution and temperature topography of the blade are reconstructed. The results of the reconstruction match the measured results. This provides the experimental foundation for the design of an aeroengine blade. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 117–119, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10989
A triple‐band microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Row Jeen‐Sheen 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA new integrated structure of a two‐element microstrip patch antenna with two feeds for wireless local network/global positioning system (WLAN/GPS) operations is proposed. The radiating element for dual‐band WLAN (2400–2483 MHz and 5150–5850 MHz) operations is a single‐feed planar inverted‐F antenna with a U‐shaped slot, which gives linearly polarized radiation. The second radiating element is a square microstrip patch with truncated corners for GPS operations at 1575 GHz, which provides circularly polarized broadside radiation patterns. The two radiating elements are integrated in the proposed antenna to have a compact structure. In addition, an isolation of better than −25 dB between the feed ports was also obtained. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 120–123, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10990
A design for a high finesse parallel‐coupled microring resonator filter
Authors: Schwelb Otto , Frigyes István 
Published: May 2003

AbstractInteraction between the circulating waves in microrings and the connecting busbars provides two parallel‐coupled microrings with filter characteristics that feature a stopband with uniformly large rejection and high finesse. Performance degradation due to waveguide and coupler loss and facet discontinuities have also been computed and found to be moderate. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 125–129, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10992
An optically controlled continuous phase‐shifter and magnitude controller on high‐resistive silicon
Authors: El Khaldi M. , Podevin F. , Vilcot A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe optically controlled phase and magnitude of a coplanar transmitted wave have been investigated, taking advantage of the benefit of silicon photo‐absorption at 843 nm. A phase‐shift of 45° has been achieved at 12 GHz while the magnitude remains constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 129–132, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10993