bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How consumers define brand relationships: a prototype analysis
Authors: Schreuder Paul , Zeelenberg Marcel , Pronk Tila M. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
Understanding consumer brand relationships from the perspective of the consumer has been a research topic for years. Despite this, there are still various ways in which the construct is interpreted. This paper aims to identify the most typical interpretation of brand relationships by consumers.

Design/methodology/approach
A four-study prototype analysis was conducted, in which a bottom-up approach was applied to identify lay people’s conceptualization of consumer brand relationships.

Findings
The prototype analysis generates a comprehensive list of features of consumer brand relationships that provide a nuanced understanding of the concept. The most typical characteristics of a brand relationship according to consumers are quality, bond, value and joy. Comparing this relationship prototype with existing literature shows that there may be a gap between theory and practice regarding the concept of brand relationship.

Originality/value
The prototypical conceptualization of brand relationships shows which aspects play a role in consumers' most common interpretation of the construct. This provides an opportunity to assess the validity of existing conceptualizations of brand relationships. Knowing which aspects are most relevant for consumers’ brand relationships allows brands to make adjustments as needed and improve at establishing and maintaining relationships with consumers.
External financing, channel power structure and product green R&D decisions in supply chains
Authors: Fan Jianchang , Li Zhun , Ye Fei , Li Yuhui , Wan Nana 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis study aims to focus on the optimal green R&D of a capital-constrained supply chain under different channel power structures as well as the impact of capital constraint, financing cost, channel power structure and cost-reducing efficiency on green R&D and supply chain profitability.Design/methodology/approachA two-echelon supply chain is considered. The upstream firm engages in green R&D but has capital constraints that can be overcome by external financing. Green R&D is beneficial to reduce production costs and increase consumer demand. Based on whether or not the upstream firm is capital constrained and dominates the supply chain, four models are developed.FindingsCapital constraints significantly lower green R&D and supply chain profitability. Transferring leadership from the upstream to the downstream firms leads to higher green R&D levels and downstream firm profitability, whereas the upstream firm's profitability is increased (decreased) if green R&D investment efficiency is high (low) enough. Greater financing costs reduce green R&D and downstream firm profitability; however, the upstream firm's profitability under the model in which it functions as the follower increases if the initial capital is sufficient. More importantly, empirical analysis based on practice data is used to verify the theoretical results reported above.Practical implicationsThis study reveals how upstream firms in supply chains decide green R&D decisions in situations with capital constraints, providing managers and governments with an understanding of the impact of capital constraint, channel power structure, financing cost and cost-reducing efficiency on supply chain green R&D and profitability.Originality/valueThe major contributions are the exploration of supply chain green R&D by taking into consideration channel power structures and cost-reducing efficiency and the validation of theoretical results using practice data.
Red fruits exhibit lower colour diversity than red flowers as perceived by birds
Authors: Chen Zhe , Nevo Omer , Valenta Kim , Sun Hang , Niu Yang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Pollination and seed dispersal are crucial processes for plant reproduction, sharing ecological relevance and similarities, yet they have rarely been considered together. Flowers appear to express greater phenotypic diversity than fruits due to multiple confounding factors, which pose challenges for comparative analyses. The colours of flowers and fruits are important visual signal traits in pollination and seed dispersal, evolving under different selective pressures from their respective pollinators and seed dispersers. Birds constitute a unique plant‐interacting group that participates in both pollination and seed dispersal events. In this study, we focus on red flowers and red fruits associated with avian mutualists to gain insight into the intrinsic differences between flowers/pollination and fruits/seed dispersal.

We conducted comparisons of colouration between 94 red flowers pollinated by birds and 99 red fruits dispersed by birds. The colour diversity was compared in both the spectral space and the avian colour vision spaces. Colour conspicuousness was analysed using avian colour vision models, as well as bee models. Pigeon colour preference was tested by controlled experiments utilizing red stimuli with and without secondary peaks at short wavelengths.

Red fruits had lower colour diversity than red flowers, with redder hues and fewer secondary reflectance peaks. Avian colour vision models illustrated that fruits were more conspicuous than flowers achromatically, but not chromatically. Pigeons did not show preference for red with or without a secondary peak.

Although both are red, there are significant differences between flowers and fruits in terms of colour diversity, spectral properties and colour perceptions. As we exclusively considered avian mutualists, these differences cannot be attributed to the differences in interacting animal groups or to their colour vision properties. This implies that the differences in evolutionary history between flowers and fruits may deserve further attention to understand the colour evolution.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Occupational adaptation for adults living with advanced cancer: A phenomenological longitudinal study
Authors: Brose Julie M. , Willis Eileen , Morgan Deidre D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPeople living with advanced cancer want to continue participating in their valued occupations amid cancer progression. However, increasing dependence and bodily deterioration challenge a person's ability to do so, thus requiring adaptation to how they engage in their occupations. Theoretical frameworks on the process of occupational adaptation often do not address the implications of progressive functional decline.MethodsA longitudinal phenomenological design was used to understand the lived experience of occupational engagement for working‐aged adults living with advanced cancer. A semi‐structured interview series explored participants' experience of occupational engagement and how this changed over time. Data were analysed thematically and mapped against the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO).FindingsEight adults (40–64 years old) participated in 33 interviews over 19 months. Three themes were constructed from the data: ongoing adaptation through doing, the significance of volition in adaptation, and everyday life is contingent on my environment. Study findings demonstrate that the process of adaptation occurs through occupational engagement, is motivated by volition, and is affected by the environment. Volition and the environment play a more central role in occupational adaptation than occupational competency for the advanced cancer cohort.ConclusionStudy findings further MOHO's theoretical conceptualisation of occupational adaptation by identifying the centrality of volition and the environment in the process of adaptation. For people living with advanced cancer, disease progression results in unremitting functional decline, thus rendering competency an unstable and untenable construct. Rather, this paper argues that occupational adaptation is facilitated by volition (i.e., the motivation behind the doing) and the environment, thus fostering a sense of identity and meaning at the end of life. Occupational therapists' awareness of the significance of volition and the environment can thus foster continued occupational engagement and meaning at the end of life for people living with advanced cancer.
Seasonal variation in giraffe population density and abundance in the Tsavo landscape, Kenya
Authors: Njueini John Kabue , Mwangi Evans Mungai , Montgomery Robert A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe giraffe population is thought to vary seasonally in the Tsavo landscape of Kenya, but little data exists to establish if there indeed exists any variability. This study examined the impact of seasonal variation on the giraffe population in the Tsavo landscape. We conducted road transect counts and found 2683 and 3295 giraffes during the wet and dry seasons, with mean KAI and density of 0.19 ± 0.01 and 1.20 ± 0.435/km2, respectively. The giraffe population did not vary significantly between seasons, age and sex. The parks had more giraffes during the wet season compared to the dry season, while the reverse was true for Rombo and Taita ranches. No giraffes were sighted in South Kitui National Reserve.
M2‐like tumor‐associated macrophages promote epithelial–mesenchymal transition through the transforming growth factor β/Smad/zinc finger e‐box binding homeobox pathway with increased metastatic potential and tumor cell proliferation in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sumitomo Ryota , Menju Toshi , Shimazu Yumeta , Toyazaki Toshiya , Chiba Naohisa , Miyamoto Hideaki , Hirayama Yutaka , Nishikawa Shigeto , Tanaka Satona , Yutaka Yojiro , Yamada Yoshito , Nakajima Daisuke , Ohsumi Akihiro , Hamaji Masatsugu , Sato Atsuyasu , Yoshizawa Akihiko , Huang Cheng‐Long , Haga Hironori , Date Hiroshi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEpithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes primary tumor progression toward a metastatic state. The role of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in inducing EMT in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the significance of TAMs in relation to EMT in LUSC. We collected 221 LUSC specimens from patients who had undergone surgery. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate M1‐like and M2‐like TAM distribution and EMT by E‐cadherin and vimentin staining. Human LUSC cell lines (H226 and EBC‐1) and a human monocyte cell line (THP‐1) were used for in vitro experiments. M2‐like polarization of TAMs and EMT marker expression in LUSC cells were evaluated by western blotting. The biological behavior of LUSC cells was evaluated by migration, invasion, and cell proliferation assays. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that 166 (75.1%) tumors were E‐cadherin‐positive and 44 (19.9%) were vimentin‐positive. M2‐like TAM density in the tumor stroma was significantly associated with vimentin positivity and worse overall survival. Western blotting demonstrated higher levels of CD163, CD206, vascular endothelial growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1) in TAMs versus unstimulated macrophages. Furthermore, increased TGF‐β1 secretion from TAMs was confirmed by ELISA. TAM‐co‐cultured H226 and EBC‐1 cells exhibited EMT (decreased E‐cadherin, increased vimentin). Regarding EMT‐activating transcriptional factors, phosphorylated Smad3 and ZEB‐family proteins were higher in TAM‐co‐cultured LUSC cells than in parental cells. TAM‐co‐cultured H226 and EBC‐1 cells demonstrated enhanced migration and invasion capabilities and improved proliferation. Overall, the present study suggests that TAMs can induce EMT with increased metastatic potential and tumor cell proliferation in LUSC.
Assessment of the anti‐inflammatory mechanism of quercetin 3,7‐dirhamnoside using an integrated pharmacology strategy
Authors: He Xinqian , Sun Yongzhi , Lu Xiaomeng , Yang Fan , Li Ting , Deng Changsheng , Song Jianping , Huang Xin'an 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPouzolzia zeylanica (L.) Benn. is a Chinese herbal medicine widely used for its anti‐inflammatory and pus‐removal properties. To explore its potential anti‐inflammatory mechanism, quercetin 3,7‐dirhamnoside (QDR), the main flavonoid component of P. zeylanica (L.) Benn., was extracted and purified. The potential anti‐inflammatory targets of QDR were predicted using network analysis. These potential targets were verified using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vitro experiments. Consequently, 342 potential anti‐inflammatory QDR targets were identified. By analyzing the intersection between the protein–protein interaction and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, we identified several potential protein targets of QDR, including RAC‐alpha serine/threonine‐protein kinase (AKT1), Ras‐related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), serine/threonine‐protein kinase mTOR (mTOR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), growth factor receptor‐bound protein 2 (GRB2), and endothelin‐1 receptor (EDNRA). QDR has anti‐inflammatory activity and regulates immune responses and apoptosis through chemokines, Phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase 3(PI3K)/AKT, cAMP, T‐cell receptor, and Ras signaling pathways. Molecular docking analysis showed that QDR has good binding abilities with AKT1, mTOR, and NOS3. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that the protein–ligand complex systems formed between QDR and AKT1, mTOR, and NOS3 have high dynamic stability, and their protein–ligand complex systems possess strong binding ability. In RAW264.7 macrophages, QDR significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, nitric oxide (NO) release and the generation of proinflammatory cytokines IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α. QDR downregulated the expression of p‐AKT1(Ser473)/AKT1 and p‐mTOR (Ser2448)/mTOR, and upregulated the expression of NOS3, Rictor, and Raptor. This indicates that the anti‐inflammatory mechanisms of QDR involve regulation of AKT1 and mTOR to prevent apoptosis and of NOS3 which leads to the release of endothelial NO. Thus, our study elucidated the potential anti‐inflammatory mechanism of QDR, the main flavonoid found in P. zeylanica (L.) Benn.
Integration of human organoids single‐cell transcriptomic profiles and human genetics repurposes critical cell type‐specific drug targets for severe COVID‐19
Authors: Ma Yunlong , Zhou Yijun , Jiang Dingping , Dai Wei , Li Jingjing , Deng Chunyu , Chen Cheng , Zheng Gongwei , Zhang Yaru , Qiu Fei , Sun Haojun , Xing Shilai , Han Haijun , Qu Jia , Wu Nan , Yao Yinghao , Su Jianzhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuman organoids recapitulate the cell type diversity and function of their primary organs holding tremendous potentials for basic and translational research. Advances in single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) technology and genome‐wide association study (GWAS) have accelerated the biological and therapeutic interpretation of trait‐relevant cell types or states. Here, we constructed a computational framework to integrate atlas‐level organoid scRNA‐seq data, GWAS summary statistics, expression quantitative trait loci, and gene–drug interaction data for distinguishing critical cell populations and drug targets relevant to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) severity. We found that 39 cell types across eight kinds of organoids were significantly associated with COVID‐19 outcomes. Notably, subset of lung mesenchymal stem cells increased proximity with fibroblasts predisposed to repair COVID‐19‐damaged lung tissue. Brain endothelial cell subset exhibited significant associations with severe COVID‐19, and this cell subset showed a notable increase in cell‐to‐cell interactions with other brain cell types, including microglia. We repurposed 33 druggable genes, including IFNAR2, TYK2, and VIPR2, and their interacting drugs for COVID‐19 in a cell‐type‐specific manner. Overall, our results showcase that host genetic determinants have cellular‐specific contribution to COVID‐19 severity, and identification of cell type‐specific drug targets may facilitate to develop effective therapeutics for treating severe COVID‐19 and its complications.
Novel hyperpigmentation pathophysiology following a prolonged course of imipramine therapy
Authors: McKenna Brian , Wold Lynne , Noland Mary‐Margaret , Schenck Olivia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant typically reserved for patients with treatment‐resistant mood disorders. A rare side effect of long‐term use of imipramine is a slowly progressive melanin‐associated, slate gray‐blue hyperpigmentation of the skin in a photo‐distributed pattern. We report a case of imipramine‐induced hyperpigmentation developing 50 years after initiating imipramine therapy, whose lesions were essentially devoid of melanin on histopathological exam. This differs from all other reported cases of imipramine‐induced hyperpigmentation in two notable respects. First, the time between initiating imipramine therapy and the onset of pigmentation changes was nearly 30 years longer than prior case reports. Second, the lack of melanin in our samples suggests a divergence from the hypothesized melanin‐imipramine complex mechanism of hyperpigmentation. Instead, we propose a novel pathogenesis of imipramine‐induced hyperpigmentation that is unrelated to melanin.
1069. Berberis ludingensis Harber, a new species in section Wallichianae from Sichuan, China: Berberidaceae
Authors: Harber Julian , Liang Ke 
Published: October 2023

SummaryA new species of Berberis in section Wallichianae, B. ludingensis Harber is described from Luding Xian in Sichuan. Several collections of this compact, spiny species have been made in recent years.
Effect of different loading rates on the fracture behavior of FRP‐reinforced concrete
Authors: Liu Jueding , Fan Xiangqian , Wang Tao , Qu Chiyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn order to study the effect of different loading rates on the fracture behavior of fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete, the fracture experiments of FRP‐reinforced concrete beams under different loading rates were carried out. The calculation method of fracture toughness was given by analytic deduction, and the effects of different loading rates on the fracture parameters were analyzed. The experimental results show that there are three critical points in the fracture process of FRP‐reinforced concrete beam, which are the crack initiation load, crack resistance load, and ultimate load points. The effective crack length at the crack resistance load point increases with the increase of loading rate, and the effective crack length at the ultimate load point does not vary as the loading rate. With the increase of loading rate, the elastic modulus and fracture toughness increase gradually, and there is a logarithmic relationship with the loading rate, which has obvious rate correlation. The fracture process zone (FPZ) length of FRP‐reinforced concrete beams gradually decreases with the increase of loading rate.
Daily ritonavir‐boosted darunavir for viral suppression in pregnancy (DRV‐P)
Authors: Gacic Nikolina , Tulloch Karen , Money Deborah , Tkachuk Stacey 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundRitonavir‐boosted darunavir (DRV/r) is a preferred protease inhibitor in pregnant women living with HIV. Current practice at British Columbia's referral centre (the Oak Tree Clinic) is to dose DRV/r as 800/100 mg daily throughout pregnancy, although some guidelines recommend DRV/r 600/100 mg twice daily due to altered pharmacokinetics with once‐daily dosing.ObjectivesWe describe the effect of once‐daily DRV/r on viral suppression, vertical transmission, adverse drug effects and adherence in pregnant women living with HIV.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of pregnant women living with HIV in British Columbia. Eligible women gave birth between January 2015 and August 2021, and took DRV/r 800/100 mg daily at any time during pregnancy.ResultsThirty‐four women were included in this study. The mean (SD) age was 33 (5) years. Thirty (88%) women were diagnosed with HIV prior to pregnancy, with 22 (73%) having viral suppression at baseline. Four (12%) were diagnosed in pregnancy, with a median baseline viral load of 9616 copies/mL (range 8370–165 000). Viral suppression was achieved by 16 (100%), 24 (75%) and 26 (74%) women in the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. No vertical transmission occurred. This combination was well tolerated, with adverse drug effects that did not result in discontinuation or change in therapy. Most women maintained >75% adherence to once‐daily DRV/r at all times during pregnancy.ConclusionsRitonavir‐boosted darunavir 800/100 mg daily appears to be an appropriate dosing strategy for pregnant women living with HIV who are able to maintain optimal adherence.
YSZ–Al2O3 thermal barrier nanocomposites coatings: Electrophoretic deposition and characterization
Authors: Noroozpour Mina , Akbari Alireza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the development of yttria‐stabilized zirconia–alumina (YSZ–Al2O3) nanocomposite coatings deposited on Inconel 738LC superalloy substrates using the electrophoretic deposition technique. To prepare stable suspensions of YSZ and Al2O3 nanoparticles, a mixture of 75 mL acetone and 25 mL ethanol was used as a medium with .4 g/L iodine as a dispersant. The effects of Al2O3 concentration on suspension stability, electrical conductivity, and pH were studied in detail to optimize the suspension chemistry. The deposition kinetics were systematically investigated as a function of suspension concentration, deposition voltage, deposition time, and iodine concentration () to optimize the process parameters. The as‐dried coatings deposited at Vd = 10 V for 90 s were uniform, crack‐free, and sintered at 1150°C for 4 h. The microstructure, phase composition, hardness, and adhesion strength of the coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Vickers microhardness measurements, and conducting shear loading tests, respectively. The results showed that adding Al2O3 to YSZ reduces porosity, crack density, and sintering temperature while stabilizing the tetragonal phase and retarding the martensitic transformation and crack formation. Among the studied coatings, the YSZ–20 wt.% Al2O3 nanocomposite coating deposited at Vd = 10 V for 90 s exhibited the most improved microstructural features, hardness, and adhesion strength.