bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analyses of urinary exosomes identify novel potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of sickle cell nephropathy, a sex-based study
Authors: Packialakshmi Balamurugan , Limerick Emily , Ackerman Hans C. , Lin Xionghao , Nekhai Sergei , Oliver James D. , Stewart Ian J. , Knepper Mark A. , Fitzhugh Courtney , Zhou Xiaoming 
Published: February 2024

Sickle cell nephropathy (SCN) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in sickle cell disease (SCD). Early intervention is crucial for mitigating its effects. However, current diagnostic methods rely on generic tests and may not detect SCN until irreversible renal damage occurs. Therefore, specific biomarkers for early diagnosis of SCN are needed. Urinary exosomes, membrane-bound vesicles secreted by renal podocytes and epithelial cells, contain both common and cell type-specific membrane and cytosolic proteins, reflecting the physiologic and pathophysiologic states of the kidney. Using proteomics, we analyzed the proteomes of urinary exosomes from humanized SCD mice at 2 months (without albuminuria) and 4 months (with albuminuria) of age. Excretion of 164 proteins were significantly increased and 176 proteins was significantly decreased in the exosomes when mice developed albuminuria. Based on the relevance to SCD, chronic kidney disease and Western blot confirmation in mice, we analyzed protein abundance of heparanase, cathepsin C, α2-macroglobulin and sarcoplasmic endoplasmic Ca2+ ATPase-3 (SERCA3) in the urinary exosomes and urine of 18 SCD subjects without albuminuria and 12 subjects with albuminuria using Western blot analyses. Both male and female subjects increased or tended to increase the excretion of these proteins in their urinary exosomes upon developing albuminuria, but female subjects demonstrated stronger correlations between the excretion of these proteins and urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) compared to male subjects. In contrast, exosomal excretion of Tamm-Horsfall protein, β-actin and SHP-1 was independent of albuminuria. These findings provide a foundation for a time-course study to determine whether increases in the levels of these proteins precede the onset of albuminuria in patients, which will help determine the potential of these proteins as biomarkers for early detection of SCN.
Effects of combined exercise training with sleep education in older adults with obstructive sleep apnea: protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fank Felipe , Artismo Regiana Santos , de Santana Marcos Gonçalves , Esteves Andrea Maculano , Matte Darlan Laurício , Mazo Giovana Zarpellon 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder that affects approximately 1 billion people worldwide. Advanced age is a significant risk factor. Various treatment options have been explored to reduce the severity of OSA symptoms and physical exercise has emerged as a potential alternative therapy. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of a combined exercise program with sleep education on sleep quality and on the severity of OSA in older adults.MethodsThis is a randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups that will involve individuals of both genders aged between 60 and 79 years who have an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of more than 15 events per hour and who have not received or are currently undergoing treatment for OSA. Older adults who have engaged in regular exercise in the last six months and individuals with contraindications to exercise will be excluded. The study will assess outcomes related to OSA, including AHI, oxygen desaturation index, minimum and mean oxyhemoglobin saturation, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and the type of respiratory events. Additionally, sleep quality-related outcomes, daytime sleepiness, physical activity, physical fitness, aerobic capacity, cognitive status, anthropometric measures, and health-related quality of life will be analyzed. Participants will be randomized to two groups: a combined exercise group (involving both resistance and aerobic training) with sleep education, and a control group that will receive only educational recommendations for managing OSA. The intervention will last 12 weeks and will consist of three sessions per week, totaling 36 exercise sessions. Sample size calculation indicates a minimum number of 36 participants.DiscussionIf the hypothesis is confirmed, this clinical trial will indicate an effective non-pharmacological intervention for treating OSA in older adults. This intervention could be used as an adjunct to existing approaches designed to improve OSA management.Clinical trail registrationBrazil Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC), identifier RBR-9hk6pgz.
Vasodilation and Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of 3-Demethyl-2-Geranyl-4-Prenylbellidifoline, a Xanthone Obtained from Garcinia achachairu, in Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Mariano Luísa Nathália Bolda , da Silva Rita de Cássia Vilhena , Niero Rivaldo , Cechinel Filho Valdir , da Silva-Santos José Eduardo , de Souza Priscila 
Published: February 2024

3-demethyl-2-geranyl-4-prenylbellidifoline (DGP), a natural xanthone isolated from Garcinia achachairu, has previously demonstrated remarkable diuretic and renal protective actions. The present study expands its actions on the cardiovascular system by evaluating its vasorelaxant and blood pressure-lowering effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Aortic endothelium-intact (E+) preparations of SHRs pre-contracted by phenylephrine and exposed to cumulative concentrations of G. achachairu extract, fractions, and DGP exhibited a significant relaxation compared to vehicle-only exposed rings. The non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist (atropine), the non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (L-NAME), as well as the inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (ODQ) altogether avoided DGP-induced relaxation. Tetraethylammonium (small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel blocker), 4-aminopyridine (a voltage-dependent K+ channel blocker), and barium chloride (an influx-rectifying K+ channel blocker) significantly reduced DGP capacity to induce relaxation without the interference of glibenclamide (an ATP-sensitive inward rectifier 6.1 and 6.2 K+ channel blocker). Additionally, administration of DGP, 1 mg/kg i.v., decreased the mean, systolic, and diastolic arterial pressures, and the heart rate of SHRs. The natural xanthone DGP showed promising potential as an endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant, operating through the nitric oxide pathway and potassium channels, ultimately significantly reducing blood pressure in hypertensive rats.
Exploring the Efficacy of Four Apiaceae Essential Oils against Nine Stored-Product Pests in Wheat Protection
Authors: Kavallieratos Nickolas G. , Eleftheriadou Nikoleta , Boukouvala Maria C. , Skourti Anna , Filintas Constantin S. , Gidari Demeter Lorentha S. , Maggi Filippo , Rossi Paolo , Drenaggi Ettore , Morshedloo Mohammad Reza , Ferrati Marta , Spinozzi Eleonora 
Published: February 2024

The Apiaceae family, known for aromatic plants producing bioactive essential oils (EOs), holds significance across sectors, including agrochemicals. This study evaluated the insecticidal potential of four Apiaceae EOs from Crithmum maritimum L., Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague ex Turrill, Smyrnium olusatrum L., and Elwendia persica (Boiss.) Pimenov and Kljuykov against various significant storage pests (Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Trogoderma granarium Everts, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), T. confusum Jacquelin du Val, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), Acarus siro L., and Tenebrio molitor L.) on wheat. Insect mortality rates were monitored at intervals of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days. Smyrnium olusatrum EO exhibited the highest efficacy, followed by T. ammi, C. maritimum, and E. persica EOs, although efficacy varied by species, developmental stage, and concentration. Notably, complete mortality occurred for several pests at 1000 ppm of S. olusatrum and T. ammi EOs. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed key compounds in these EOs, including myrcene, germacrone, and curzerene in S. olusatrum EO, and thymol, γ-terpinene, and p-cymene in T. ammi EO. These findings emphasize their potential as botanical insecticides. Smyrnium olusatrum and T. ammi EOs emerge as promising eco-friendly pest management options due to their efficacy, highlighted compound composition, and availability of biomass from both wild and cultivated sources.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Reduced Diabetes-Related Hospitalizations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and CKD
Authors: Hannah Katia L. , Nemlekar Poorva M. , Johnson Matthew L. , Cherñavvsky Daniel R. , Norman Gregory J. 
Published: February 2024

Key PointsPatients with diabetes and CKD have a heightened risk of glycemic variability, which can lead to severe hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic events, potentially resulting in hospitalization.This study describes the results of a retrospective claims analysis of people with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes and stage 3–5 CKD who initiated continuous glucose monitoring.Continuous glucose monitoring could help patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD control their glucose and avoid potentially dangerous glycemic events.BackgroundThere is a heightened risk of glycemic variability in patients with diabetes and CKD. This glycemic variability could lead to hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic crises. We hypothesized that initiation of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), which provides a glucose measurement every 1–5 minutes, could reduce the incidence of hospitalizations for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and CKD.MethodsA retrospective analysis of US administrative claims data from the Optum Clinformatics database was conducted. People with T2D, using insulin, not receiving dialysis, and living with stage 3–5 CKD who initiated CGM between January 1, 2016, and March 31, 2022, were identified. National Drug Codes and Healthcare Common Coding Procedure System codes were used to identify CGM device use, and International Classification of Diseases 10th revision codes were used to identify CKD diagnosis and categorize health care encounters. Rates of diabetes-related hospitalizations were obtained, and multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed predictors of hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic encounters.ResultsA total of 8,959 insulin-using patients with T2D and CKD were identified. Most were White (72.3%), had Medicare insurance coverage (82.2%), were using intensive insulin (91.3%), and had stage 3 CKD (86.0%). After CGM initiation, rates of hospitalizations for hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia decreased by 18.2% and 17.0%, respectively (P< 0.0001 for both). The proportion hospitalized with at least one hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic event also significantly decreased after CGM initiation. Significant predictors of both hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic encounters included a previous encounter of that type, age 30–59 years and depression (for hypoglycemia), and age 30–49 years and neuropathy (for hyperglycemia). Use of CGM or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists was significantly protective against hypoglycemic encounters.ConclusionsInitiation of CGM was associated with significant reductions in diabetes-related hospitalizations among insulin-using individuals with T2D and moderate-to-severe CKD. CGM could help patients with T2D and CKD control their glucose and avoid potentially dangerous glycemic events.
A Comparative Study of Government and Non-Government Entrepreneurship Development Programmes in Promoting the Transformation of Businesses
Authors: D’Souza Sonal Jesma , Nayak Jayavantha 
Published: February 2024

This paper discusses the importance of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes and their influence on business transformation. The purpose of the paper is to assess the role of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes (EDPs) in entrepreneurial transformation and to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes (EDPs) offered by Government and Non-Government organisations. Successful entrepreneurial activities are assisted by the supportive entrepreneurial ecosystems in society. The support is extended to the entrepreneurs through initiatives like Entrepreneurship Development Programmes (EDPs). Entrepreneurship Development Programmes (EDPs) act as an essence to boost entrepreneurial culture in the economy. Several government and non-government organisations (NGOs) encourage entrepreneurial activities through Entrepreneurship Development Programs. These programs motivate individuals to set up and upgrade their ventures. Empirical evidence was gathered from entrepreneurs on the business transformation that appeared after being part of the Entrepreneurship Development Programmes. The study also focuses on enabling and limiting socio-economic factors responsible for business sustainability. The quasi–experimental design was used to select the entrepreneurs for the study. The purpose of the study is to measure and compare the achievement level of beneficiaries of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes (EDPs) and their contribution towards building a strong entrepreneurial ecosystem.
Reaction of NO molecule at 4H-SiC/SiO2 interface and its orientation dependence: a first-principles study
Authors: Akiyama Toru , Kageshima Hiroyuki , Shiraishi Kenji 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The reactions of NO molecules at the 4H-SiC/SiO2 interface on various plane orientations are theoretically investigated using density functional calculations to clarify the microscopic mechanisms of the NO post-oxidation annealing (POA) process. We find that the energy barriers for nitrogen incorporation reaction are smaller than those for nitrogen desorption irrespective of the plane orientation, indicating that N atoms are preferentially incorporated. However, on the Si-face we a find possible NO reaction process without CO molecule formation and the reaction with NCO molecule formation when the interface includes pre-incorporated N atoms. Owing to the reaction resulting in the formation of an NCO molecule, the incorporation of N atoms can be suppressed, which could be one of the possible origins for the N density saturation in the NO-POA. The calculated results suggest that not only the structural stability of the interface but also reaction kinetics are crucial for the incorporation of N atoms during the NO-POA.
اختلاف المصطلح الأصولي بين المتقدمين والمتأخرين "الوجوب، والسُّنَّة، والكراهة أنموذجاً"
Authors: الحمود سامي , الريسوني قطب 
Published: February 2024

يروم هذا البحث دراسة ظاهرة اختلاف المصطلح الأصولي بين المتقدمين والمتأخرين في إطار مصطلحات ثلاثة: الوجوب، والسُّنَّة، والكراهة؛ ذلك أن وضع كل مصطلح في حاقِّ نصابه الدلالي يحسم مادة الغلط على الشرع والأئمة، ويسعف بالفهم السديد عن الأصوليين.
وقد توسل البحث بالمنهج الاستقرائي والمنهج التحليلي، وتأدى إلى نتائج مهمة، أعدّ منها: أن "الوجوب" و"السُّنَّة" و "الكراهة" من المصطلحات الأصولية التي مسّها تطورٌ دلاليٌّ ملحوظٌ بين استعمال المتقدمين واستعمال المتأخرين، ولهذا التطور متجليان: الأول: تخصيص الدلالة؛ ذلك أن الوجوب والسُّنَّة كانت دلالتهما أعم عند المتقدمين، فانحصر الواجب في ما كان مفروضاً والسُّنَّة في ما كان مستحباً عند المتأخرين، والثاني: انتقال الدلالة، ذلك أن الكراهة انتقلت إلى دلالة جديدة مساوية للدلالة السابقة، فقام التعادل بين الدلالتين: التحريم والتنزيه.
Manejo Clínico da Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica: Tratamento Farmacológico e Intervenções Cirúrgica
Authors: Leal Silva Marim Eloísa , De Andrade Gomes Amanda , Laurito Batista Luana , Fonseca Sampaio Andressa , De Assis Carnelós Gabriel , Gontijo Perez de Queiroz André , Felipe Ayres Furtado Luiz , Longhitano Neto Izaias , Milhomem Martins Lethycia , Zopé Sartório Brum Allexia , Januzzi Resende Leticia 
Published: February 2024

Este estudo investiga estratégias emergentes no manejo clínico da Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica (CMH), adotando uma abordagem integrativa e inovadora. Inicialmente, destacam-se avanços nas terapias farmacológicas, com foco em agentes promissores para o tratamento e modulação específica que demonstraram eficácia na preservação da função cardíaca e na redução da progressão da doença.
Além das abordagens farmacológicas, a análise se estende para considerar intervenções que exploram os mecanismos subjacentes à CMH. A identificação de alvos moleculares e vias biológicas emergentes destaca a importância de compreender a fisiopatologia da doença para o desenvolvimento de terapias mais direcionadas.
Outro ponto de destaque aborda terapias complementares, como otimização de estratégias cirúrgicas e métodos inovadores de entrega de medicamentos para aprimorar a eficácia e minimizar efeitos adversos. A análise inclui discussões sobre técnicas cirúrgicas avançadas e abordagens terapêuticas minimamente invasivas, representando avanços significativos na busca por tratamentos mais eficazes e bem tolerados.
Paralelamente, são consideradas terapias que visam não apenas o alívio dos sintomas, mas também a preservação e melhoria da função cardíaca comprometida. Isso envolve a exploração de abordagens regenerativas, como terapias celulares e fatores de crescimento, destacando sua promissora contribuição para a restauração da saúde cardíaca.
Além das inovações terapêuticas, este trabalho sublinha a necessidade de uma compreensão abrangente da CMH, incluindo fatores genéticos, metabólicos e ambientais que influenciam a resposta individual às terapias propostas. A ênfase na personalização das intervenções destaca a complexidade da doença e a importância de considerar as características individuais dos pacientes.
Ao final, destaca-se a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, integrando diferentes modalidades terapêuticas para otimizar os resultados no tratamento da CMH. A combinação de abordagens farmacológicas inovadoras, estratégias cirúrgicas avançadas e terapias regenerativas emerge como uma perspectiva promissora para enfrentar esse desafio cardíaco de forma abrangente e eficaz.
Spinal Anesthesia with Ultrasonography (USG) Marker in Morbidly Obese Pregnant Women Undergoing Cesarean Section Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Parama Adi Made Septyana , I Gusti Ngurah Mahaalit Aribawa  , I Gusti Agung Gede Utara Hartawan  , I Putu Fajar Narakusuma  , Gusti Agung Made Wibisana Kurniajaya  
Published: February 2024

Background: Spinal anesthesia is a regional anesthesia technique used to provide analgesia or numbness in the lower part of the body. This technique has long been employed in childbirth and cesarean section surgeries due to its numerous advantages for pregnant women. Obese pregnant patients often have increased adipose tissue in the back area, making it challenging to identify the appropriate interspinous space.
Case presentation: A 26-year-old primigravida at 38 weeks of gestation with morbid obesity, standing at 158 cm tall and weighing 140 kg, with a body mass index (BMI) of 56.1 kg/m², underwent cesarean section surgery under spinal anesthesia. The identification of the spinal needle insertion site was performed using pre-procedural ultrasound (USG) marker at the L3-L4 level, with heavy bupivacaine 0.5% 12.5 mg used as the anesthetic agent. The surgery lasted for 1 hour and 20 minutes, with stable hemodynamics and a blood loss of 450 ml. A female infant was delivered, weighing 3080 grams, with a length of 50 cm and an APGAR score of 8-9-10.
Conclusion: The use of USG markers can assist in determining the precise location for spinal anesthesia injection, thereby reducing complications from repeated needle insertions.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SARANA BANTU PEMANDUAN DAN CITRA PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN MELALUI KEPUASAN PELANGGAN DI PELABUHAN DUMAI
Authors: K Supriyadi , Badaruddin  , Hidayat Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan sarana bantu pemanduan dan citra perusahaan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan melalui kepuasan pelanggan di pelabuhan dumai. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitaif dengan pendekatan survey. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Pelabuhan Dumai dengan waktu penelitian selama 2 bulan. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh pelanggan yang aktif menggunakan jasa pelayanan kapal di Pelabuhan Dumai sebanyak 55 perusahaan. Teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh, maka jumlah sampel penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 55 responden. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif, sedangkan sumber data menggunakan data primer. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Analisis Jalur (Path Analysis).
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Penggunaan Sarana Bantu Pemanduan tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan di Pelabuhan Dumai. 2) Citra Perusahaan tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan di Pelabuhan Dumai. 3) Penggunaan Sarana Bantu Pemanduan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan di Pelabuhan Dumai. 4) Citra Perusahaan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan di Pelabuhan Dumai. 5) Kepuasan Pelanggan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan di Pelabuhan Dumai. 6) Penggunaan Sarana Bantu Pemanduan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan dengan peran sebagai pemediasi parsial di Pelabuhan Dumai. 7) Citra Perusahaan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan dengan peran sebagai pemediasi parsial di Pelabuhan Dumai.
Epidemiotoxicological Profile of Fatal Poisoning Cases Autopsied at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shreekrishna H.K  , Venu  , Dileepkumar  K.B  
Published: February 2024

Poisoning is a major public health problem worldwide with thousands of death occurring every year and most of the cases are being reported from developing countries. The present study includes all the cases of poisoning or suspected poisoning subjected for autopsy at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Basaveshwara medical college and hospital, chitradurga, Karnataka during the period 1stjanuary 2022 to june 2023 in which it was seen that poisoning accounted for 19.9% of autopsies. 24 Males (66.6%) and 12 females (12%) in the age group 21-30 years were commonly affected. Many victims were married males. Majority of cases were suicidal in manner (94.4%) and were from middle class social status (41.1%). The commonest poisoning was organophosphorus compound.