bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A PARALLEL ALGORITHM FOR SINGLE ROW ROUTING PROBLEMS
Authors: ROY ARNOB , DEOGUN JITENDER , SHERWANI NAVEED A. 
Published: November 2004

Single Row Routing problem is one of the important subproblems in the layout design of multilayer printed circuit boards. This routing technique has also been applied to routing of microwave citcuits and other routing problems. The single row routing problem has been extensively studied and several sequential algorithms have been proposed. In this paper, we present a parallel hypercube algorithm for the single row routing problem. The basis of this parallel algorithm is a new O(n2 log n) sequential algorithm based on the concept of modified cut numbers and a graph decomposition scheme. The sequential algorithm is based on generalizing the concepts underlying two existing sequential algorithms. A parallel algorithm for the hypercube architecture with N processors is then developed by combining the nice features of the sequential algorithm with an efficient allocation scheme. This results in a parallel algorithm of [Formula: see text] complexity. The experimental results show that our algorithm achieves a speed up factor that is quite close to the theoretical bound while maintaining the quality of the solutions, as compared to any existing sequential algorithm. Moreover, the algorithm produces 28% better results than any existing results.
NEAREST NEIGHBOR PROBLEMS
Authors: WILFONG GORDON 
Published: November 2004

Suppose E is a set of labeled points (examples) in some metric space. A subset C of E is said to be a consistent subset ofE if it has the property that for any example e∈E, the label of the closest example in C to e is the same as the label of e. We consider the problem of computing a minimum cardinality consistent subset. Consistent subsets have applications in pattern classification schemes that are based on the nearest neighbor rule. The idea is to replace the training set of examples with as small a consistent subset as possible so as to improve the efficiency of the system while not significantly affecting its accuracy. The problem of finding a minimum size consistent subset of a set of examples is shown to be NP-complete. A special case is described and is shown to be equivalent to an optimal disc cover problem. A polynomial time algorithm for this optimal disc cover problem is then given.
PERTURBATIVE ANALYSIS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM GRAVITY: RENORMALIZATION, GAUGE DEPENDENCE AND FINITENESS
Authors: ODINTSOV S.D. , SHAPIRO I.L. 
Published: November 2004

We develop the perturbative analysis of two-dimensional quantum gravity with local action. The general renormalization structure of the theory is discussed. The one-loop divergences of the effective action in the covariant gauge of the general type are found. The technique for the calculation of the one-loop divergences for nonminimal operators in two dimensions is presented. The gauge dependence of the counterterms is discussed. It is also presumed that there are no one-loop divergences in some particular covariant gauge (finiteness.) The renormalization group analysis is given. The addition of the cosmological constant and Liouville type term is considered.
THE IMPACT OF NATIONAL, CORPORATE AND PROFESSIONAL CULTURES ON INNOVATION: GERMAN AND DUTCH FIRMS COMPARED
Authors: ULIJN JAN , NAGEL ARIE , TAN WEE LIANG 
Published: November 2004

Innovation literature advocates the transition from a technological orientation to market orientation on the part of innovator and entrepreneur. However, the transition requires a change in mindset on the part of these innovation agents, who may be affected by their national contexts. This paper reports a study is to example factors that account for a different transition from a Technological Orientation (TO) towards a Market Orientation (MO) and the impact of national cultures. To analyse possible intercultural differences, the study involved two independent samples from Germany and the Netherlands. The study found that the orientation to versus MO of the Dutch engineer is not different from that of the German engineer, probably because of a common professional culture (PC), which is different from an MO. The transition from technological orientation towards market orientation occurred earlier for the Dutch engineers than for the German engineers. However German engineers demonstrated less MO than Dutch firms. A plausible reason for this is that the strong feminine values of Dutch national and corporate culture (NC and CC, Hofstede, 1980a and b and 1991) might lead more easily to a customer orientation (Market Pull) than the more masculine German values keeping a strong technological base. In sum, firms might consider carefully an optimal CC x PC interaction instead of NC-differences to reach effective technological innovation in the global market.
A NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION IN HONG KONG TOURISM
Authors: GO FRANK M. , CHAN ANDREW 
Published: November 2004

This study relates that the 'business-as-usual' scenario has come to an end and questions the general practice of the present ethnocentric-led institutional tourism development in the Far East within an analytical framework. It asserts that global cities play a crucial role in the systematic search for innovation and its diffusion, amongst others, through the regionalization of the metropolitan economies in an hierarchy of central places. The study focuses on Hong Kong, which has the potential to perform the function of "incubator" for innovation and its transfer throughout the region. However, the results indicate that whilst tourism organizations in Hong Kong are engaged in some type of innovation, they do not apply systematic processes to advance innovation. Furthermore, the results also reveal that local service enterprises are less inclined to develop new service offerings in overseas markets than international enterprises.
THE ENTREPRENEUR'S CHOICE: GROWTH INHIBITING BUSINESS PRACTICES OF SMEs IN SCOTLAND AND IRELAND
Authors: MAYFIELD WILLIAM M. , HYNES BRIGA 
Published: November 2004

It is critical to the economic development of a given society that entrepreneurs initiate and grow new ventures. Even though the maturation process is unique for every business, there are predictable patterns that occur in sequential and progressive stages of the maturation process (Eggers, Leahy and Churchill, 1994; Hynes, 1992; Dodge and Robbins, 1992; Churchill and Lewis, 1983). Hay and Kaushad (1994) suggested that decisions made by entrepreneurs effect the growth of a business. Therefore, this paper assumes that the choices and/or decisions, as made by the entrepreneur, effects the growth of SMEs. The purpose of this study was an attempt to identify those business choices and/or decisions that inhibit the growth of Irish and Scottish SMEs. The researchers utilised an American model the SME growth patterns developed by Eggers, Leahy and Churchill. The business practices that were ascertained to be growth inhibiting were identified as such within the contexts and environments in which they were found. As an analysis of the findings from this study indicates, the entrepreneur is the primary controlling factor of the growth for SMEs. It may be that the aspiration or desire for growth exists, however, it is not translated into action due to the inability or unwillingness of the entrepreneur. The result is the firm never reaches its maximum growth potential.
"borrowing Foreign Mirrors and Candles To Illuminate Chinese Civilization": Xue Shaohui's Moral Vision in The Biographies of Foreign Women
Authors: Qian Nanxiu 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWaiguo lienü zhuan (Biographies of foreign women), the first systematic introduction of foreign women to the Chinese audience, was compiled by the late Qing writer Xue Shaohui (1866-1911) and her husband Chen Shoupeng (1857-?). This project represented an effort to advance the goals of the abortive 1898 reforms, a serious quest to incorporate Western experiences into the education of Chinese women. Through a close comparison with Western language sources, this article examines Xue Shaohui's reconceptualization of women's virtues through rewriting and sometimes twisting the original stories. The analysis focuses on sensitive moral issues—sex and power, the relationship between husband and wife, and the redefinition of wickedness when the conventional definition of a bad woman was no longer pertinent.
Harmonising Computer Crime Laws in Europe
Authors: Walden Ian 
Published: November 2004

AbstractAs the ‘Information Society’ emerges, the European economy and its citizens have become dependent on computers and communication networks. However, with the ravages of the viruses MyDoom and MS Blaster still being felt around the world, the vulnerability of computer systems and networks to criminal crime, as well as potentially terrorist activity, is still fresh in our minds. There is no agreed definition of what constitutes a ‘computer crime’. A computer may constitute the instrument of the crime, such as in murder and fraud; the object of the crime, such as the theft of processor chips; or the subject of the crime, such as ‘hacking’ or ‘cracking’. The involvement of computers may challenge traditional criminal concepts, such as fraud, as well as facilitating particular types of crime, such as child pornography. This article is concerned with the computer as the subject of the crime and with laws that have been established to specifically address activities that attack the integrity of computer and communications networks, such as the distribution of computer viruses. This article examines various initiatives to harmonise substantive criminal law to address the threat of computer integrity crimes, focusing specifically on a draft Council Framework Decision on ‘attacks against information systems’. Consideration is given to the impact the Decision may have when transposed into UK law, through an amendment of existing legislation, the Computer Misuse Act 1990.
Enrichment of functional CD8 memory T cells specific for MUC1 in bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Choi Carmen , Witzens Mathias , Bucur Marianna , Feuerer Markus , Sommerfeldt Nora , Trojan Andreas , Ho Anthony , Schirrmacher Volker , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Beckhove Philipp 
Published: November 2004

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is one of the most common hematologic malignancies. Despite extensive therapeutical approaches, cures remain rare exceptions. An important issue for future immunologic treatments is the characterization of appropriate tumor-associated antigens. Recently, a highly glycosylated mucin MUC1 was detected on a majority of multiple myeloma cell lines. We analyzed bone marrow and peripheral blood of 68 patients with HLA-A2–positive myeloma for the presence and functional activity of CD8 T cells specific for the MUC1-derived peptide LLLLTVLTV. Forty-four percent of the patients with MM contained elevated frequencies of MUC1-specific CD8 T cells in freshly isolated samples from peripheral blood (PB) or bone marrow (BM) compared with corresponding samples from healthy donors. BM-residing T cells possessed a higher functional capacity upon specific reactivation than PB-derived T cells with regard to interferon γ (IFN-γ) secretion, perforin production, and cytotoxicity.
Aprepitant: A Novel Antiemetic for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Massaro Alison M , Lenz Kristi L 
Published: November 2004

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of aprepitant in the prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and PubMed database searches were conducted from 1966 to May 2004 using the following search terms: aprepitant, Emend, substance P, neurokinin-1, chemotherapy, nausea, vomiting, L-754,030, and MK-869. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Large, randomized Phase II and III clinical trials examining the use of aprepitant for CINV, as well as all published drug interaction studies with aprepitant, were included and reviewed. Data lacking in published trials were supplemented with the manufacturer product information. DATA SYNTHESIS: The pharmacokinetics of aprepitant are favorable for once-daily oral dosing. Based on the results of published clinical trials, aprepitant appears to augment the effects of corticosteroids and 5-HT3 antagonists when given prior to highly emetogenic chemotherapy, including cisplatin. Aprepitant appears to have the most benefit in the prevention of delayed CINV and in preventing emesis rather than nausea. Data in pediatric patients, patients undergoing stem-cell transplantation, and those receiving multiple-day or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy are lacking. Common adverse effects are limited to hiccups, asthenia, and diarrhea. More serious but rare adverse effects include neutropenia. Because aprepitant is a CYP3A4 substrate, a 3A4 inhibitor and inducer, and a 2C9 inducer, close monitoring for drug interactions is warranted. CONCLUSIONS: Triple antiemetic therapy with aprepitant, a corticosteroid, and a 5-HT3 antagonist appears to provide improved efficacy in the prevention of emesis in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Due to its novel mechanism of action and demonstrated efficacy in this combination, aprepitant should be considered for formulary addition.
on fixing ethnographic shadows
Authors: SAPIR J. DAVID 
Published: November 2004

Anthropology and Photography—1860–1920. ELIZABETH EDWARDS ed.Ethnographie et Photographi. EMMANUEL GARRIGUES ed.Photography, a Middle‐Brow Art. PIERRE BOURDIEU with LUC BOLTAHSKI, ROBERT CASTEL, JEAN‐CLAUDE CHAMBOREDON and DOMINIQUE SCHNAPPERW. Eugene Smith and the Photographic Essay. GLENN G. WILLUMSON
The Mexican American Orquesta: Music, Culture, and the Dialectic of Conflict; Música Tejana: The Cultural Economy of Artistic Transformation
Authors: Bigenho Michelle 
Published: November 2004

The Mexican American Orquesta: Music, Culture, and the Dialectic of Conflict. Manuel Peña. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999. xi. 350 pp., notes, selected discography, references, indexMúsica Tejana: The Cultural Economy of Artistic Transformation. Manuel Peña. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1999. ix. 239 pp., photographs, selected discography, references, index.
Sounding Out The City: Personal Stereos and The Management of Everyday Life; Music in Everyday Life
Authors: Yano Christine 
Published: November 2004

Sounding Out the City: Personal Stereos and the Management of Everyday Life. Michael Bull. Oxford: Berg, 2000. vii. 208 pp., bibliography, index.Music in Everyday Life. Tia DeNora. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. viii. 181 pp., figures, bibliography, index.
The Unheimlich Man‐Oeuvre
Authors: Lutzker Adam , Rosenthal Judy 
Published: November 2004

The Book of Jerry Falwell: Fundamentalist Language and Politics. Susan Harding. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000. ix + 336 pp., appendixes, bibliography, index.Apocalypse Observed: Religious Movements and Violence in North America, Europe and Japan. John R. Hall with Philip D. Schuyler and Sylvaine Trinh. London: Routledge, 2000. viii + 228pp., illustrations, notes, bibliography, index.Serving the Word: Literalism in America from the Pulpit to the Bench. Vincent Crapanzano. New York: The New Press, 2000. xi + 406 pp., notes, references, index.
Legalizing Moves: Salvadoran Immigrants' Struggle for U.S. Residency; Finding a Moral Heart for U.S. Immigration Policy: An Anthropological Perspective
Authors: Mahler Sarah J. 
Published: November 2004

Legalizing Moves: Salvadoran Immigrants' Struggle for U.S. Residency. Susan Bibler Coutin. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000. ix + 228 pp., notes, references, index.Finding a Moral Heart for U.S. Immigration Policy: An Anthropological Perspective. JosiahMcC. Heyman. Arlington, VA: American Anthropoiogical Association, 1998 iv + 120 pp., references cited.
Language, Charisma, and Creativity: The Ritual Life of a Religious Movement; The Globalization of Charismatic Christianity: Spreading the Gospel of Prosperity
Authors: Amster Matthew H. 
Published: November 2004

The Globalization of Charismatic Christianity: Spreading the Gospel of Prosperity. Simon Coleman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. xii + 264 pp., photographs, references, index.Language, Charisma, and Creativity: The Ritual Life of a Religious Movement. Thomas J. Csordas. Berkeley: University oi California Press, 1997. xxii + 320 pp., illustrations, tables, appendix, notes, reference, index.
Dynamic tensions in indigenous sovereignty and representation: A sampler
Authors: Field Les W. 
Published: November 2004

Blood Narrative: Indigenous Identity in American Indian and Maori Literary and Activist Texts. Chadwick Allen. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002. + 308 pp., notes, bibliography, index.The Cunning of Recognition: Indigenous Alterities and the Making of Australian Multiculturalism. Elizabeth A. Povinelli. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002. xi. 338 pp., photographs, figures, notes, bibliography, index.Wiping the War Paint off the Lens: Native American Film and Video. Beverly R. Singer. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001. xvi +110 pp., foreword by Robert Warrior, photographs, notes, index.
American Indian Narrative
Authors: Singer Eliot A. 
Published: November 2004

Traditions of the Arapaho. George Dorsey and Alfred Kroeber. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, Bison Books, 1997. xxx + 487 pp.Traditions of the Caddo. George Dorsey. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, Bison Books, 1997. xxiv + 133 pp.
Studying Schools, Studying Ourselves: Ethnographic Perspectives on Educational Reform
Authors: Emihovich Catherine 
Published: November 2004

Reform and Resistance in Schools and Classrooms: An Ethnographic View of the Coalition of Essential Schools. Donna E. Muncey and Patrick J. McQuillan. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1996. 319 pp.How It Works: Inside. School‐College Collaboration. Sidney Trubowitz and Paul Longo. New York: Teachers College Press, 1997. 172 pp.Studying Your Own School: An Educator's Guide to Qualitative Practitioner Research. Gary L. Anderson. Kathryn Herr. and Ann Sigrid Nihlen. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press, 1994. 203 pp.
Hispanic Students in High School and College: Two Views of a Continuing Challenge
Authors: Abi‐Nader Jeannette 
Published: November 2004

Personas Mexicanas: Chicano High Schoolers in a Changing Los Angeles. James Diego Vigil. New York: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1997. 160 pp.The Struggle of Latino/Latina University Students: In Search of a liberating Education. Felix M. Padilla. New York Routledge, 1997. 245 pp.
Amazonia: From Myth to History
Authors: Weismantel Mary 
Published: November 2004

Blanca Muratorio The Life and Times of Grandfather Alonso: Culture and History in the Upper Amazon. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1991. 295 pp.Eduardo Viveiros de Castro From the Enemy's Point of View: Humanity and Divinity in an Amazonian Society. Catherine V. Howard, trans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992, 428 pp.
“We Talk to You Because We Love You”: Learning from Elders at Culture Camp
Authors: Fienup‐Riordan Ann 
Published: November 2004

This article explores the activities of the Calista Elders Council (CEC) an example of “culturalism,” that is, the process of self‐conscious, deliberate use of identity, culture, and heritage in the struggle for recognition of a distinctive Yup'ik way of life. Culture camp in southwestern Alaska provides a modern means for the traditional end of training young people to be good listeners and, in their turn, become speakers truth. The emphasis on talk remains, reflecting an indigenous view of how young people should learn and elders should teach. Grandparents, even more than parents, were an important source of moral instruction in the past. Contemporary village children spend much less time in the presence of elders. Through CEC activities, some elders seek to reclaim that space and make their voices heard.Elders at camp presented instruction in group settings, based on their own personal experience: “I tell what I know.” They made no claims to completeness or to imparting the one true faith. Their sense of their own culture was neither essentialist nor bounded, and the emphasis was not on presenting a unified, homogeneous, systematic view, as in some instances of cultural revival and renewal. During evening sessions elders engaged in serious moral discourse. They talked about not only what young people needed to know but how they were expected to learn it. Like the grandmother we honor here, they were teaching nothing less than how to learn.
“Without Deer There Is No Culture, Nothing”
Authors: King Alexander D. 
Published: November 2004

This article presents the pragmatics of reindeer herding by Chukchi and Koryak people in northern Kamchatka, Russia, to convey a sense of the importance of herding as a symbolic resource. A detailed description of brief visits to a reindeer herd in Kamchatka uncovers the power of reindeer as a symbol for indigenous people and indigenous culture in this area. I use a first‐person, subjective ethnography and include some of the challenges I met in the field and my attempts to overcome them. The title quotes a reindeer herder impressing upon me the importance of his work for his people.Reindeer are connected to human beings in a totalizing manner. Reindeer are simultaneously index, icon, and symbol of human social organization, economic activity, spiritual practice, material culture—in short, “our culture,” as I was told by many people in Kamchatka.
Globalization and South Korea's Middle Class
Authors: Collins Samuel Gerald 
Published: November 2004

Making Capitalism: The Social and Cultural Construction of a South Korean Conglomerate Janelli, Roger L., and Dawnhee Yim. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993.In Pursuit of Status: The Making of South Korea's “New” Urban Middle Class Denise Potrzeba Lett. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Historic Preservation and the Cultural Politics of the American Downtown
Authors: Deckha Nityanand 
Published: November 2004

M.Christine Boyer, The City of Collective Memory: Its Historical Imagery and Architectural Entertainments. Cambridge, MA, London: MIT Press, 1998 [1994].Dolores Hayden, The Power of Place: Urban Landscapes as Public History. Cambridge, MA, London: MIT Press, 1996 [1995].Sharon Zukin, The Cultures of Cities. Oxford: Blackwell, 1995.
Harmonizing the Nation: Women's Voices and Development in Zimbabwean Cinema
Authors: Lund Giuliana 
Published: November 2004

THE LAST DECADE witnessed the birth of Zimbabwean cinema, long delayed by colonialism, revolution, and scarcity. Today's feature films, which rely on international donors, promote development and gender equity. Despite their dependence on foreign funds and technologies, these films challenge the hegemony of Hollywood and engage with local values, contributing to the emerging national culture of Zimbabwe. The new cinema emphasizes the agency of the oppressed, particularly women, and strives to give voice in a popular medium to those silenced by patriarchal, authoritarian, and neocolonial interests. [Africa, Zimbabwe, Film, Women, Development]Neria (Zimbabwe, 1991, English, 103 min.) Production House: Media for Development Trust Director: Godwin MaruruFlame (Zimbabwe, 1996, English, 85 min.) Production House: Black &White Film Co. Director: Ingrid SinclairEveryone's Child (Zimbabwe, 1996, English, 85 min.) Production House: Media for Development Trust Director: Tsitsi Dangarembga