bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilderkennungsmethoden für eine teilautomatisierte Inspektion von Brandschutzanlagen
Authors: Aziz Angelina , König Markus 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag untersucht den potenziellen Einsatz von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) und Computer Vision im Kontext des Building Information Modeling (BIM) für die Dokumentation von Brandschutzanlagen. Dabei werden Detektionsalgorithmen, insbesondere aktuelle You‐only‐look‐once‐ (YOLO‐)Modelle, genutzt, um Brandschutzeinrichtungen wie Feuerlöscher, Feuerlöschdecken, Rauchwarnmelder und Brandmelder automatisch in Bildern zu identifizieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine hohe Erkennungsgenauigkeit in Bildern. Zukünftig soll die automatisierte Detektion um die direkte Integration in BIM‐Modelle erweitert werden. Darüber hinaus wird die Bedeutung von Expertenwissen bei der Bestimmung des Löschmitteltyps eines Feuerlöschers thematisiert, um die Vorhersage einer KI‐basierten Brandschutzinspektion zu überprüfen und ggf. zu korrigieren. Durch die entwickelten KI‐Anwendungen wird eine Steigerung des Automatisierungsgrads bei Brandschutzinspektionen angestrebt, um die Sicherheit von Gebäuden in der Betriebsphase zu verbessern.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract: Promising Particles for the Treatment of Cancer and Diabetes
Authors: Hosen Md. Eram , Rahman Md. Ataur , Rahman Md. Sojiur , Akash Shopnil , Khalekuzzaman Md. , Alsahli Abdulaziz Abdullah , Bourhia Mohammed , Nafidi Hiba‐Allah , Islam Md. Asadul , Zaman Rashed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBoth diabetes and cancer pose significant threats to public health. To overcome these challenges, nanobiotechnology offers innovative solutions for the treatment of these diseases. However, the synthesis of nanoparticles can be complex, costly and environmentally toxic. Therefore, in this study, we successfully synthesized Camellia sinensis silver nanoparticles (CS‐AgNPs) biologically from methanolic leaf extract of C. sinensis and as confirmed by the visual appearance which exhibited strong absorption at 456 nm in UV‐visible spectroscopy. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that phytochemicals of C. sinensis were coated with AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the spherical shape of CS‐AgNPs, with a size of 15.954 nm, while X‐ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD) analysis detected a size of 20.32 nm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated the thermal stability of CS‐AgNPs. The synthesized CS‐AgNPs significantly inhibited the ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell growth with 53.42±1.101 %. The EAC cell line induced mice exhibited increased level of the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), however this elevated serum parameter significantly reduced and controlled by the treatment with CS‐AgNPs. Moreover, in a streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice model, CS‐AgNPs greatly reduced blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and creatinine levels. These findings highlight that the synthesized CS‐AgNPs have significant anticancer and antidiabetic activities that could be used as promising particles for the treatment of these major diseases. However, pre‐clinical and clinical trial should be addressed before use this particles as therapeutics agents.
Counseling trainees’ academic burnout, meaningful work, and career choice satisfaction: A resilience framework
Authors: Um Byeolbee , Seon Youngwoon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study focused on examining counseling trainees’ perceptions of meaningful work as a resilience factor against decreased career choice satisfaction, which is related to burnout experience. As a result of latent moderated structural equation modeling, academic burnout and meaningful work were significantly related to career choice satisfaction. Furthermore, meaningful work significantly buffered the negative relationship between academic burnout and career choice satisfaction. Our findings suggest that meaningful work plays both compensatory and protective roles against the negative effect of academic burnout on career choice satisfaction. We provided implications for counselor training and preparation.
Tungsten Carbide‐Based Materials for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting: A Review
Authors: Rafique Moniba , Fu Qiang , Han Jiecai , Wang Ran , Yao Tai , Wang Xianjie , Song Bo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrogen has garnered considerable attention as an environmentally friendly due to its sustainability and exceptional energy density, surpassing other chemical fuels. For H2 production, electrochemical water splitting is an economically viable and eco‐friendly method. Developing well‐organized electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting is pivotal in enabling long‐term hydrogen production, the critical component in the transition toward a cleaner and more environmentally sustainable energy landscape. During the last decades, to aid in oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution reactions, numerous tungsten carbide‐based electrocatalysts have been established. WC developed as a promising candidate for electrolytic hydrogen generation. This review first explores the historical background and fundamental mechanisms underlying water splitting and subsequently investigates the field of WC‐based electrocatalysts. Furthermore, in both HER and OER, the thorough analysis examines the electrocatalytic performance of electrocatalysts based on WC. Finally, it discusses the challenges and prospects of developing WC‐based electrocatalysts for OER and HER, shedding light on their potential contributions to the sustainable energy landscape.
Inhibitive Action of Sulfide Ions on Corrosion and Enhancing Charge‐Discharge Efficiency of Zinc and Zinc‐Indium Alloy as Anode for Alkaline Batteries
Authors: El‐Lateef Hany M. Abd , Elrouby Mahmoud , El‐Shafy Shilkamy Hoda A. , El‐Rahman El‐Sayed Abd 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe obtained data reveal that the coverage of surface (θ) and protection efficiency (η%) for the studied electrodes increases gradually as the inhibitor concentration increases. Tafel plot is carried out at variant temperatures in the investigated basic electrolyte containing 1×10−1 M of S ions. This study reveals that the activation energy barrier of the studied alloy is higher than that of pristine zinc anode at a fixed inhibitor concentration. It is observed that ▵Goads. and η% values rise with rising solution temperature, indicating that S ions adsorption on the studied electrode surfaces occurs by a chemisorption mechanism. Other calculations are made for the additional thermodynamic parameters such as ▵Hoadsand ▵Soads. The zinc anodes get more efficient when S ions are added to the solution, considerably decreasing electrochemical polarization. In addition, the presence of indium sulfide improves the exposed surface area of the alloy, supplying additional improvement in charge‐discharge efficiency. Density functional theory (DFT) is utilized to extract the quantum data to acquire a deeper understanding of the chemical processes between sulfide ions at the interface.
Sniffing Out the Sustainable Future: The Renewability Revolution in Fragrance Chemistry**
Authors: Elterlein Franziska , Bugdahn Nikolas , Kraft Philip 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this review, the impact of the transition from today's resource‐wasting petrochemical economy towards a 100/100 renewable and biodegradable future is discussed with respect to the fragrance families: “citrus”, “green”, “fruity”, “floral”, “floriental”, “oriental”, “woody”, “chypre” and “fougère”. After benchmark data on ingredients usage, definitions on biodegradation and sustainability are given. Celebrating the 150th anniversary of synthetic vanillin, its historic synthesis from renewable starting materials serves as introduction. In the grand scheme of things, citrus scents upcycled from the beverages industry, are already an ideal case for 100/100 with new opportunities for artificial essential oils. In the fruity domain, transparent and lactonic ingredients are available in a sustainable manner. However, in the domain of green odorants, there is a lack of green chemistry for important key materials. In the floral family, renewability is more critical than biodegradability, but cost is an issue. Thanks to Ambrox and maltol, florientals and orientals will persist, while woody notes severely lack an Iso E Super replacer. In the chypre genre, patchouli became the new moss, but more musks are increasingly in demand. With their high percentage of linalool and dihydromyrcenol, the construction of fougères could well become a precedent for other families, despite challenges in vetiver and salicylates. Still, the challenges exemplified here create immense opportunities for new perfumery materials.
Binary metallic sulphide‐based nanocomposites with ZnO additives: A dual‐functioning electrode material for energy storage and glucose sensing
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Khan Mahrukh Saif , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Mumtaz Sohail , Habila Mohamed A. , Ahmad Zubair 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the contemporary age, there is a growing need for innovative energy storage solutions that integrate the crucial features of supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries to meet evolving energy requirements. Herein, we used the hydrothermal method to synthesize a binary composite electrode material. The addition of ZnO as a doping material significantly enhances the specific capacity of cobalt niobium sulphide (CoNbS) from 538.16 C g−1 to 912.62 C g−1 due to its high conductivity and the presence of redox‐active sites. We have also developed a supercapattery (CoNbS@ZnO//activated carbon [AC]), which has demonstrated outstanding performance with a remarkable specific capacity of 325.92 C g−1 at a current density of 1.5 A g−1. Furthermore, the supercapattery device shows improved energy and power densities, measuring 35 Wh/kg and 2397 W/kg, respectively. After 5000 galvanostatic charging discharging (GCD) cycles, the device shows columbic efficiency (90%) and capacity retention (83%). Additionally, the CoNbS@ZnO//AC hybrid device is used as an electrochemical sensor for glucose detection. The device showed a high sensitivity against the glucose and detected up to a small value. The synthesis of nanomaterials opens up new opportunities to create high‐performance energy related systems.
Prospective association of screen time with binge‐eating disorder among adolescents in the United States: The mediating role of depression
Authors: Al‐Shoaibi Abubakr A. A. , Shao Iris Yuefan , Ganson Kyle T. , Lavender Jason M. , Testa Alexander , Kiss Orsolya , He Jinbo , Glidden David V. , Baker Fiona C. , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveScreen time has been reported to be associated with binge‐eating disorder (BED) among adolescents in the US; however, potential mediators remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate depression symptoms as a mediator of the prospective association between screen time and BED.MethodWe utilized data from 9465 children (aged 9–11 years at baseline) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (2016–2021). A generalized structural equation model was used to examine the prospective association between average daily screen time at baseline and BED at year 2, adjusting for baseline BED diagnosis, and other potential covariates (e.g., age, sex, and income). Mediation was examined using bias‐corrected (BC) 95% confidence intervals for the indirect effect of baseline screen time on year 2 BED through depression symptoms (change from baseline to year 1).ResultsOne hundred and one participants (42.7% male, 49.4% racial/ethnic minority) met the criteria for BED in year 2. Participants were 9.9 years of age on average at baseline, 51.3% identified as male, and 43.1% identified as a racial/ethnic minority. Adjusting for covariates, screen time was prospectively associated with BED (OR = 1.09, 95% CI [1.03, 1.14], p = .005). Depression symptoms (B = .19, BC 95% CI [0.10, 0.28]) partially mediated (9.2%) the prospective association between screen time and BED.DiscussionAmong US adolescents, higher baseline screen time was prospectively associated with BED diagnosis at year 2, and this relationship was partially mediated by increased depression symptoms. Preventive approaches targeting high screen use may have utility for reducing BED risk among adolescents.Public significanceAmong U.S. adolescents, higher screen time was prospectively associated with the incidence of BED. This association was partially mediated by the change in depressive symptoms. Preventive approaches targeting high screen use may have utility for reducing BED risk among adolescents.
Single metabarcoding multiplex captures community‐level freshwater biodiversity and beyond
Authors: Eastwood Niamh , Kissane Stephen , Campbell Lewis , Briscoe Andrew G. , Egeter Bastian , Orsini Luisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCost‐effective and accurate quantification of biodiversity is important for biodiversity conservation, resource management, and forecasting. Traditional monitoring approaches have relied on direct observations, remote sensing, and mark‐recapture techniques, providing insights into species ecology and the impact of pollution and climate change on indicator species. However, these techniques are typically low throughput, expensive, and can be invasive. In addition, they cannot detect cryptic diversity and are biased toward species that leave identifiable remains. DNA‐based methods, such as metabarcoding or single marker gene assays, have enabled high throughput screening of a wide range of taxonomic groups, including ones without well‐preserved remains. When compared with traditional techniques, these approaches have high throughput, can resolve cryptic diversity, do not require taxonomic specialist skills, and are non‐invasive. However, although they are comparatively cheaper than traditional approaches, they are expensive when applied at the community‐level as single marker assays are amplified and sequenced independently. Multilocus approaches in which multiple gene markers are amplified in a single reaction are desirable to deliver community‐level assessments in a cost‐effective manner. Yet, they are uncommon because of technical challenges that may lead to biases in downstream analyses, such as index hopping and unbalanced representation of taxonomic groups. Here, we developed a highly multiplexed protocol that combines the early pooling of marker genes that target broad taxonomic groups and taxon‐specific markers in a single tube reaction. This step is followed by the pooling of up to 384 samples per locus (N = 15,636 samples) with unique dual‐indexed sequencing adapters in a single sequencing run. This approach dramatically reduces the costs of community‐level biodiversity quantification and lowers the need for input DNA without compromising output quality. We optimized the multiplex assay on lake freshwater sediment samples and benchmarked the assay on samples from other environmental matrices, demonstrating its direct application to the river and marine communities.
Assessing fish diversity in abandoned mining ponds in Madre de Dios, Peru, using environmental DNA
Authors: Timana‐Mendoza Camila , Reyes‐Calderon Alonso , Venail Patrick , Araújo‐Flores Julio M. , Santa‐Maria Mónica C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Peruvian region of Madre de Dios is a biodiversity hotspot located in the Andean‐Amazon region. Since the 1970s, it has experienced the harsh effects of artisanal and small‐scale gold mining (ASGM), which has transformed the primary forests into numerous small mining ponds left abandoned after extraction. Preliminary surveys indicate that these ponds are being recolonized by surrounding biodiversity. These assessments are typically carried out using traditional methods that are costly, difficult to deploy at multiple locations, and have raised safety concerns. In this context, environmental DNA (eDNA) becomes a useful tool for biodiversity monitoring due to its simplicity for sample collection and performance to identify taxonomic groups. In this study, we evaluated fish biodiversity in two mining ponds created by ASGM along with two nearby pristine lakes, unimpacted by mining operations but also influenced by seasonal flooding. We compared two alternative eDNA processing methods and contrasted our results with historic data from traditional biodiversity monitoring. Both eDNA‐based methods yielded comparable results, varying only in logistic requirements and costs. In total, we detected 85 fish MOTUs (22 at the species level) from 5 orders, 22 families, and 41 genera. Some of the species identified with eDNA were rarely registered by traditional monitoring, and we could identify 6 genera associated with ASGM mining ponds only. A major restriction of the eDNA approach in this location was the insufficient local taxa registered in genomic databases which limited our taxonomic resolution. Despite this limitation, our results indicate that eDNA could be a powerful tool for biodiversity estimations in the Western Amazon, identifying more taxa, with much less time and money invested than traditional monitoring. Our results also confirm that abandoned mining ponds are being recolonized by surrounding ichthyofauna, reaching richness levels above nearby unmined oxbow lakes used as reference.
Circuit equation in power superimposition for position sensor using single‐phase transformer on PMSM power lines
Authors: Kiribuchi Takeshi , Inoue Yukinori , Morimoto Shigeo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPermanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are very popular in the industrial market. Recently, robots are installed to compensate for the shortage of labor. Due to the increase in motors, the number of power lines and position sensor cable wiring are increased; this increase in complicated wiring is a problem. As a method to solve these problems, power superimposition technology in the power line of a PMSM is expected to reduce the distribution cables. In this paper, the power superposition technology method, and circuit equations of mounting transformers in power lines are presented and are then verified by experiment, simulation, and linear analysis. The circuit equation is proposed as a three‐phase circuit equation, which is transformed into a dq‐circuit equation by a transformation matrix. The characteristics of the electric angular frequency versus the dq‐axis voltage demonstrated satisfactory results, with errors within 1% in linear analysis and simulation. The linear analysis and experiment are shown to be similar, although there are some errors. The validity of the circuit equations could be demonstrated by the verification results.
Pilot validation of on‐field STR typing and human identity testing by MinION nanopore sequencing
Authors: Luo Yuan , Zhang Jiarong , Ni Ming , Mei Zhusong , Ye Qiao , Guo Bingqian , Fang Longmei , Feng Dongyun , Wang Lu , Yan Jiangwei , Wang Guangyun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNanopore sequencing technology has broad application prospects in forensic medicine due to its small size, portability, fast speed, real‐time result analysis capabilities, single‐molecule sequencing abilities, and simple operation. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that nanopore sequencing platforms can be used to identify individuals in the field. Through scientific and reasonable design, a nanopore MinION MK1B device and other auxiliary devices are integrated into a portable detection box conducive to individual identification at the accident site. Individual identification of 12 samples could be completed within approximately 24 h by jointly detecting 23 short tandem repeat (STR) loci. Through double‐blinded experiments, the genotypes of 49 samples were successfully determined, and the accuracy of the STR genotyping was verified by the gold standard. Specifically, the typing success rate for 1150 genotypes was 95.3%, and the accuracy rate was 86.87%. Although this study focused primarily on demonstrating the feasibility of full‐process testing, it can be optimistically predicted that further improvements in bioinformatics workflows and nanopore sequencing technology will help enhance the feasibility of Oxford Nanopore Technologies equipment for real‐time individual identification at accident sites.
Thermal performance investigation of N‐shape double‐pipe heat exchanger using Al2O3, TiO2, and Fe3O4‐based nanofluids
Authors: Salim Asif , Jihan Jahidul Islam , Das Barun K. , Ahmed Rasel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResearchers and engineers are actively working on enhancing the efficiency of heat exchangers in engineering applications by developing novel designs, exploring new materials, and utilizing nanofluids. Three kinds of nanofluids with varying concentrations are investigated in this paper. The objective is to assess the performance of N‐shaped double‐pipe heat exchanger used in thermoelectric power plants. The performance has been evaluated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The findings show that higher nanofluid concentrations resulted in elevated heat transfer coefficients and improved efficiency of N‐shape double pipe heat exchanger. The analysis revealed that a mere 1% rise in the volume fraction of nanofluids enhanced the efficiency of the heat exchanger on average 23% when compared to the base fluid (water). In comparison to the N‐shape double pipe (Inconel 625) heat exchangers, the N‐shape double pipe (copper) heat exchangers appear to be more efficient. The introduction of nanoparticles has a notable impact on the heat transfer coefficients. Specifically, within an N‐shaped double pipe (copper) heat exchanger, the inclusion of a 1% volume fraction results in a 2.09% enhancement in the heat transfer coefficient for Al2O3/water, a 1.3% improvement for Fe3O4/water, and a 1.15% increase for TiO2/water. It also exposed that adding 1% Al2O3/water led to a significant 0.623% increase in effectiveness, while TiO2/water showed a 0.259% rise, and Fe3O4/water exhibited a 0.375% improvement. Moreover, increasing the Reynolds number enhances the Nusselt number for Al2O3/water and Fe3O4/water nanofluids by 55.22%, and for TiO2/water by 54.60% at a 6% volume concentration, leading to additional increases in exchanger efficiency. Therefore, the augmentation in nanofluid concentration leads to a reduction in the temperature pinch points both at the intake and outflow. This observation suggests that nanofluids exhibit a superior ability compared to conventional fluids when it comes to effectively lowering temperatures.