bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the elemental alterations of solid and hematopoietic tumors in children and adolescents after completion of antitumor therapy
Authors: Savko Sergey A. , Zhukovskaya Elena V. , Karelin Alexandеr F. , Korobeynikova Tatyana V. , Rumyantsev Alexander G. , Skalny Anatoly V. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

As medical research develops, more and more attention is being focused on the study of elemental alterations in cancer patients, not only as a marker of the disease, but also as a possible complication of the disease. This study aims to investigate changes in the levels of essential and toxic trace elements in patients who completed antitumor therapy for malignant neoplasms. A retrospective study was conducted among children and adolescents aged 4 to 17 years at a single center. A total of 214 patients were enrolled in this study, with an equal distribution of 107 patients in both the remission group after undergoing therapy for hematologic malignancies and the group who completed therapy for solid tumors. The results of the study of hair samples and blood serum showed that the elemental profile of patients after antitumor therapy has both similar patterns and distinctive features depending on the histological type of tumor. Our data demonstrate that patients with solid tumors showed somewhat higher accumulation of toxic metals compared to samples from patients with hematopoietic tumors, and neoplasms of the hematopoietic system are characterized by more pronounced alterations in the composition of essential elements in hair and blood serum. Nevertheless, serious specific alterations in elemental homeostasis depending on the histologic structure have not been reported. The findings obtained highlight the importance of careful monitoring of homeostasis parameters to prevent the development of complications of antitumor therapy associated with elementary homeostasis.
Improved Impressed Current Cathodic Protection PID Control based on a machine learning approach
Authors: Fernández José Arturo Ramírez , Figueroa Henevith Gisell Méndez , Veliz Sebastían Eduardo Ossandón , Martínez Ricardo Galván , Pérez Miguel Ángel Hernández , Cruz Ricardo Orozco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An innovative numerical method based on a machine learning approach is presented in order to design an Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) control for the corrosion prevention of an ASTM $A36$ steel plate immersed in chlorinated solutions (3. 5\% wt NaCl, Seawater and NS4). Experimental data collected from the metal structure and environment were used to generate the training set for forward and inverse Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), enabling the numerical model for the development of control strategies that can adapt to changing conditions. Specifically, using the model data provided by the above-mentioned forward and inverse ANNs, we tuned, using a third ANN, a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control to achieve better cathodic protection performance. Numerical examples have been implemented considering the evolution of the substrate composed of steel and immersed media.
Enhancing Communication and Comprehension for Individuals with Special Needs through Federated Learning: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Elsayed Tharwat , Elrashidy Mohamed , EL-Sayed Ayman , Moustafa Abdullah N. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Individuals with special needs most of the time find it harder to identify hazards and dangers as well as circumstances that are socially challenging. Hence, they face the risk of falling victim to abuse and violence. In this paper, the main goal is to help people with special needs to more successfully communicate with others and comprehend their surroundings. Machine learning-based solutions are used to help people with special needs in their communication tasks. The proposed machine learning model contains a convolutional layer, attention layer, and Bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) layer and achieves 99.00% accuracy performance. We applied federated learning to preserve privacy and to help researchers overcome problems they face when dealing with people with special needs.
Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya
Authors: Omondi Seline , Kosgei Jackline , Musula George , Muchoki Margaret , Abong’o Bernard , Agumba Silas , Ogwang Caroline , McDermott Daniel P. , Donnelly Martin J. , Staedke Sarah G , Schultz Jonathan , Gutman Julie R. , Gimnig John E. , Ochomo Eric 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Children in Kenya spend a substantial amount of time at school, including at dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are active. If schools do not have adequate malaria transmission prevention, they can become hotspots for infection. With changing vector behaviour towards early morning biting, it is important to determine whether there is an additional risk of transmission in schools. This study sought to understand whether late morning biting by Anopheles funestus previously documented in households in western Kenya was replicated in schools.
Methods: From the 4th to the 6th of August 2023, human landing collections were conducted hourly in four schools in Alego Usonga sub-County, Siaya County. The collections were conducted in and outside of five classrooms in each school and ran for 16 hours, starting at 18:00 until 11:00 hours the next morning.
Results: Anopheles funestus was the predominant species collected forming 93·2% (N=727) of the entire collection with peak landing between 06:00 and 07:00 hours and continuing until 1100 hours. More than half of the collected An. funestus were either fed or gravid, potentially indicative of multiple bloodmeals within each gonotrophic cycle, and had a sporozoite rate of 2·05%.
Discussion School children spend upto 10 hours of their daytime in schools reporting between 06:00 and 07:00 hrs and staying in school until as late as 17:00 hrs meaning that they receive potentially infectious mosquito bites during the morning hours.
Conclusion: There is a need to consider vector control approaches targeting schools and other peridomestic spaces in the morning hours when An. funestus is active.
Potential Risk Factors Associated with Their Effects Through Classification Algorithms: A Study of Periodontitis on Bangladeshi Garment Sector
Authors: Hossain Md. Sifat , Islam Md. Monirul , Karmokar Provash Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis is a prevalent oral health condition worldwide, posing a significant challenge that requires early detection and intervention to mitigate its adverse effects. This study specifically focuses on understanding the risk factors associated with periodontitis within the Bangladeshi garment sector. By employing ML models, valuable insights can be gained into the variables that contribute significantly to periodontitis risk, leading to the development of targeted preventive strategies and interventions.
Methods
To achieve the study’s objectives, 12 ML models were selected for analysis, and their variable importance was assessed using 8 of the models. A 2-step CV was utilized, involving a test-train CV with a 75% training dataset, a 25% test dataset, and a repeated 5-fold CV. Random search with a tuning length of 200 was used as a parameter-tuning technique to optimize the performance of the models. For comparative study and best subset model, LR and backward stepwise LR are used with AOR.
Results
Among the ML models, gcvEarth, demonstrated its efficacy in identifying HRFs for periodontitis and its classification accuracy is 0.9577. From the highest accurate models, the HRFs are age, number of healthy teeth, missing teeth, HTN, gender, sleeping time, and brushing frequency. By leveraging ML techniques, policymakers, healthcare professionals, and stakeholders can make informed decisions and develop targeted preventive strategies with interventions to improve oral health outcomes among individuals in this occupational sector.
Conclusions
This study’s findings highlight the potential of ML as a powerful tool for identifying HRFs for periodontitis. The integration of ML models, variable importance analysis using OR and AOR, and CV techniques provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and predicting periodontitis in occupational sectors or populations. Furthermore, optimizing the models through parameter tuning with random search enhances the accuracy and performance of the ML models, leading to the development of effective preventive measures and interventions. Ultimately, these advancements contribute to improved oral health outcomes and overall well-being for the Bangladeshi garment sector as well as for the global aspects.
Self-Neglect in Older Populations: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis
Authors: Zhang Man , Du Yixin , Hai Ziwei , Cai Chunfeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective: The objective was to define and develop the concept of elder self-neglect, and to provide a reference for nursing practice.
Methods: A systematic search of relevant literature on elder self-neglect was conducted in Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL database, and Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis method was used as the theoretical framework.
Results: A total of 63 articles were included. Elder self-neglect included four defining characteristics: disorderliness, dangerousness, invisibleand enclosed; antecedents included physical, psychological, socio-environmental and other related factors; consequences included effects on the older adults themselves and effects on others and society.
Conclusions: Elder self-neglect has far-reaching implications for individuals and society. By clarifying the conceptual characteristics of elder self-neglect through concept analysis, researchers can conduct more in-depth and comprehensive research on it and promote healthy ageing.
Why catch when you can throw? A framework for tagging animals without capture or restraint
Authors: Wilson Rory , Redcliffe James , Holton Mark , Thomas Victoria , Gunner Richard , Silovski Vaclav , Jezek Milos , English Holly , Shott Olivia , Bambridge Katie , Dee Elliot , Nichols Hazel , Quintana Flavio , Fahlman Andreas , Larsson Josefin , Scantlebury D. Michael , Siebert Ursula 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: The attachment of electronic tags to animals has led to data collection that has hugely enhanced our understanding of wild animal behavioural ecology and physiology. However, animals are normally captured and restrained/sedated so that the tags can be attached, which is stressful for the animals and threatens to compromise the quality of the data gathered, at least during an initial acclimation period. We note that many plant seeds have evolved to become attached to passing animals and suggest that an approach, based on plant burs, could be used to attach tags to animals without capture or restraint.
Methods: We present a framework for ‘bur-tagging’ and provide details of the design of a bur-tagging system, highlighting issues that we feel should be considered for the approach to be successful.
Results: We report how the tagging site in the environment and animal neophobia critically affect the probability that an animal will be tagged over any given time period and also document what needs to be done to ensure that only the target species is tagged as well as illustrating the steps that can be taken to enhance the accuracy of tag placement on the animal. In addition, we discuss the criticality of the choice of the adhesive mechanism between the tag and the animal and illustrate how animals react to being tagged using this system.
Conclusion: Although in an early stage of development, we believe that ‘bur-tagging’ shows great promise for deploying sophisticated electronic tags on wild animals with less stress than the conventional capture and restraint approach.
Factors Associated With Maternal Dissatisfaction towards Spinal Anesthesia among Parturients Give Birth with Cesarean Section at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2023: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yinges Mengistu , Buli Bekele , Abebe Minda 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Assessing maternal satisfaction with spinal anesthesia is paramount to improve safe anesthesia practice. Hence, we investigated factors associated to decrease maternal satisfaction toward spinal anesthesia among mothers gives birth with receiving cesarean delivery.
Objectives: To assess maternal dissatisfaction and associated factors toward spinal anesthesia among parturients who underwent cesarean delivery at HUCSH from July 6 to August 30, 2022.
Methodology: an institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 parturients who underwent cesarean delivery at the HUCSH obstetrics ward and were interviewed using an exit structured questionnaire. Univar ate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with maternal dissatisfaction toward spinal anesthesia. The odd ratio was used to determine the strength of the association between dependent and independent variables. Finally, a p-value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant. We defined the satisfied group as those patients who answered "satisfaction" to the question on the 4-point Likert scale.
Results: The overall dissatisfaction with spinal anesthesia was 34.2%. Furthermore, 28.8% of patients would not choose spinal anesthesia in the future for similar surgery, if required. The pain during needle insertion (odds ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval 0.41–0.74) at p-value 0.001, intraoperative nausea vomiting (odds ratio 0.8; 95% confidence interval 0.53–0.94) at p-value 0.02 and postoperative headache (odds ratio 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.09–0.87) at p-value 0.01, were associated with maternal dissatisfaction.
Conclusion and recommendations: Respondents who have pain during Spinal anesthesia, those who feel intraoperative nausea-vomiting, and patients who get post-operative headaches were the major predictors of maternal dissatisfaction. So,attending anesthetists or practitioners must pay attention to the patient under spinal anesthesia, mainly preventing their perioperative complaints which can cause maternal dissatisfaction.
The Φ⁶-model Expansion Approach for Solving the (2+1)-dimensional Nlse With Kerr Law Nonlinearity and Std With Multiplicative White Noise in Birefringent Fibers
Authors: AlQahtani Salman A. , Shohib Reham M. A. , Alngar Mohamed E. M. , Alawwad Abdulaziz M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the Itô sense, the (2+1)-dimensional NLSE with Kerr law nonlinearity and STD in birefringent fibers with multiplicative white noise is the subject of the current investigation. To do this, the Φ⁶- model expansion approach is implemented. Jacobi-elliptic solutions, dark solitons, bright solitons, singular solitons, and periodic solutions are all provided by this study's analysis. These findings contribute to the advancement of fiber laser technology: It contributes to the development of more efficient and stable fiber laser systems used in material processing, medical treatments, and telecommunications. Representations of the Jacoi-elliptic solution, bright and dark solitons are available in 2D and 3D.
On the Fiscal Sustainability of Swiss Cantons since 1905
Authors: Bury Yannick , Feld Lars P. , Köhler Ekkehard A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With an outstandingly long data set of Swiss cantonal public finances we study whether the Swiss subnational level runs sustainable fiscal policies. Going back to the year 1905, we test for stationarity of cantonal public debt, revenue and spending and for cointegration between cantonal revenues and expenditures. Based on time series properties, we estimate individual fiscal reaction functions for each canton and for the panel of cantons as a whole. Using second generation panel-modelling which accounts for heterogeneity in cantonal fiscal policy, structural breaks and cross-sectional dependence among the cantons, our results show that the cantons run sustainable policies. Moreover, our results provide evidence that fiscal institutions can explain part of the heterogeneity in cantonal fiscal reactions to increased debt.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices about research misconduct among medical residents in Southwest China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Lulin , Li Yizhao , Wang Jie , Li Yue , Tan Xiaoli , Guo Xiaoyan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
With the emergence of numerous scientific outputs, growing attention are paid to research misconduct. This study aimed to investigate knowledge, attitudes and practices about research misconduct among medical residents in Southwest China.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in southwest China from November 2022 through March 2023. The links to the questionnaire were sent to the directors of the teaching management department in 17 three tertiary hospitals. Answers were collected and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the factors associated with research misconduct among residents.
Results
6200 residents were enrolled in the study, and 53.7% admitted to have committed at least one form of research misconduct. Postgraduate or above, publishing papers as the first author or corresponding author, attending a course on research integrity, lower self-reported knowledge regarding research integrity and lower perceived consequences for research misconduct were positively correlated with research misconduct. Serving as a primary investigator for a research project was negatively associated with research misconduct. Most residents (66.3%) agreed the reason for research misconduct that researchers lack research ability.
Conclusions
This study shew a high self-reported rate of research misconduct among residents, and research misconduct knowledge and perceived consequences for research misconduct were necessary to be improved. “Researchers lack research ability” was the primary reason for research misconduct among residents. More training focusing on misconduct knowledge and consequences for research misconduct should be conducted to improve research integrity.
Exploring the Interplay Between Physical Activity, Dietary Patterns, Diabetes, and All-Cause Mortality in the U.S. Population: A Distributional Data Analysis Perspective.
Authors: Carreira-Casais Anxo , Matabuena Marcos , Ghosal Rahul , Wagner Robert , Saavedra Miguel , Onnela Jukka-Pekka , Bohn Lucimere 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
A proper physical activity level and a wholesome dietary are pivotal for averting diabetes onset and its clinical complications. There is a scarcity of works comprehensively evaluating the influence of objectively measured physical activity, on the prevalence of diabetes and the incidence of adverse events among persons with diabetes.
Aims
First, to precisely quantify the association between accelerometer-measured physical activity and diabetes susceptibility within an adult U.S. population. Second, to verify the interplay between physical activity levels, glucose values, and survival among older adults who present the highest mortality risk as consequence of diabetes.
Methods
This study encompassed a comprehensive cohort of 5011 adults drawn from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Physical activity (total activity counts) was transformed into distributional representations, and subsequently submitted to cluster analyses. The association of clusters with diabetes and all-cause mortality was analyzed using logistic regression and Cox models, respectively, also accounting for the survey weights and the covariates sex, age, and ethnicity.
Results
The phenotype with the lower prevalence of diabetes (phenotype 1) spent 5% of the time in moderous to vigourous physical activity, while the other phenotypes had a prevalence of diabetes (phenotype 2) and spent approximately 1–3% in moderous to vigorous physical activity. The susceptibility to diabetes exhibits considerable variability, contingent upon distinct physical activity phenotypes (1 to 4) and pertinent clinical attributes such as age and ethnicity. Between phenotype 1 and phenotype 3, the risk of diabetes mellitus showcases a fluctuation exceeding 114%. In this scenario, these variations are more attributable to the ethnic composition of phenotypes rather than mere disparities in overall physical activity levels. In the context of phenotypes 2 and 3, the dissimilarities are primarily linked to specific profiles of physical activity. In survival analysis, a interplay emerges between patterns of physical activity and the glucose levels of patients, exerting a significant influence on time-to-event analysis. The most sedentary phenotypes contribute to escalated hazard ratios of 14% and 16% in the interaction with the glucose values, thus underscoring their pronounced impact on patient outcomes.
Conclusions
Using a novel representation of physical activity data and an unbiased data-driven analysis, we identified 4 clusters of physical activity that clearly stratify diabetes and mortality risk.
Hydroxyl-rich KIr4O8 Nanowires Promote Acidic Water Oxidation Electrocatalysis with Industrial Current Density
Authors: Wang Guoxiong , Li Zhenyu , Li Xiang , Wei Pengfei , Liao Ziqi , Wang Mengna , Yu Jingcheng , Lu Fang , Liu Tianfu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Achieving high performance over Ir-based catalysts is still an enormous challenge for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic condition. Herein, we report that hydroxyl-rich KIr4O8 nanowires with more exposed active sites exhibit excellent catalytic activity and stability toward acidic OER. KIr4O8 nanowires anode catalyst shows a current density of 2.1 A/cm2 at 2 V in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer. Combining in situ Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical mass spectroscopy results, we propose the modified adsorbate evolution mechanism that rich hydroxyl in inherent structure of KIr4O8 nanowires directly participants in the catalytic process for favoring the OER. Density functional theory calculation results further suggest that the enhanced proximity between Ir (d) and O (p) band center in KIr4O8 can strengthen the covalence of Ir-O, facilitate electron transfer between adsorbents and active sites, and decrease the energy barrier of rate-determining step during the OER.
Hydrodynamics and sediment transport in Poyang Lake under the effects of wind and backflow
Authors: Tang Hongwu , Yu Yang , Yuan Saiyu , Li Zhipeng , Cao Hao , Jiang Chenyu , Gualtieri Carlo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The ecology of the aquatic environment in Poyang Lake, the largest fresh lake in China, is notably impacted by the backflow from the Yangtze River, which conveys a high flux of sediments. This study employs a widely recognized numerical model to replicate the backflow in 2007 (the strongest backflow after the operation initiation of the Three Gorges Dam) to investigate the contributions of wind and backflow to the sediment transport process. The results show that the influences of wind and backflow on flow patterns and sediment transport processes have significant spatial heterogeneity. In the narrow waterway leading to the central lake area, hydrodynamics is mainly driven by backflow. Conversely, the hydrodynamics of the open expanse of the lake is primarily influenced by wind forces. Dominant wind leads to the formation of gyres, which significantly alter flow paths and push sediment into the upstream areas. As a result, the suspended sediment area expands at an average rate of 20.1–21.3 km2 daily, marking a 75–85% surge compared to the no wind condition (11.5 km2). The study facilitates a deeper understanding of sediment transport processes in large lakes.