bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unemployment and associations with diagnosed health problems in the Norwegian GP-DEP study: a repeated cross-sectional register study (2010–2016)
Authors: Haukenes Inger , Ruths Sabine , Smith-Sivertsen Tone , Hetlevik Øystein , Hensing Gunnel , Knudsen Ann Kristin , Baste Valborg 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionWhile differences in mental health between recipients and non-recipients of unemployment benefits are well known, it is not known whether such differences exist for musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health problems. This study examined the difference in registry-based diagnoses between short term, long term and non-recipients of unemployment benefits in the Norwegian working-age population and further examined if these associations differed by educational level.MethodsA cross-sectional repeated register study comprising all working-age individuals (age 21–67 years) with pensionable income in Norway in the period 2010 (N=2 610 956) to 2016 (N=2 791 103). Data were retrieved from the Norwegian population registry, the Education Database, the Database of Social Insurance and the Control and Reimbursement of Health Care Claims Database and linked on individual level. Associations between recipients and non-recipients of unemployment benefits and physician-certified diagnoses were examined with Poisson regression with robust variance estimates (relative risk (RR) with 95% CI) and stratified by education.ResultsBoth short-term and long-term recipients of unemployment benefits were associated with an increased likelihood of having one or more musculoskeletal, psychological or cardiovascular diagnoses compared with non-recipients. The strength of the associations increased with cumulative days of unemployment, with adjusted RRs (95% CIs) for musculoskeletal disorder 1.7 (1.7 to 1.7); psychological diagnoses 2,.2 (2.2 to 2.3); subgroup depression 3.3 (3.2 to 3.3) and for cardiovascular disease 1.3 (1.3 to 1.3) compared with non-recipients. Among highly educated people, the association between unemployment and having a diagnosis was stronger than among unemployed with medium and low education.ConclusionsUnemployment benefits recipiency were associated with musculoskeletal, psychological and cardiovascular diagnoses, and the strength of the association increased with higher education. The direction of the relationship could not be determined in this study.
Evaluating the utilisation patterns of pharmacological therapy in COVID-19 patients: an ecological study in Italy
Authors: Marino Maria Lucia , Di Filippo Aurora , Onder Graziano , Eleuteri Davide , Trotta Francesco 
Published: February 2025

BackgoundThe drug central monitoring system set up in Italy to evaluate the real-time trends of medicines used in hospital and primary care settings contributed to inform drug supplies, avoided stockpiling and allowed to monitor adherence to clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The primary objective of the study is to understand how and to what extent the drug utilisation tracked the evolution of COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate the different pharmacological approaches adopted in hospital and primary care settings.MethodsA national ecological study correlating the drug utilisation of specific categories of drugs related to SARS-CoV-2 with the number of SARS-CoV-2 hospitalised or positive subjects. The correlation is estimated by using linear regression models and reporting the angular coefficients (slope) with relative p value.ResultsOverall, 15 drug categories are identified: 7 categories are available in both settings, 6 categories are prevalent in hospital setting and 2 categories are used in primary care. As for drugs common to both settings, a statistically significant positive association between the number of SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects and drug consumption is found only for low-molecular-weight heparin, oxygen, azithromycin and steroids. As regards drugs used exclusively in hospital, a significant correlation is observed for cardiac stimulants, general anaesthetics, hypnotics and sedatives as well as muscle relaxant drugs. Among drugs used exclusively in primary care, the study has shown a positive correlation only for vitamin D. Finally, the adoption in clinical practice of the recommendations issued by the competent authorities was assessed: at hospital level, the use of drugs with a negative recommendation (such as hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin) was promptly stopped.ConclusionsStudy findings show a positive correlation between the use of specific drug categories used during the pandemic and the number of COVID-19-positive and hospitalised patients, suggesting the relevant role of evaluating drug utilisation patterns in tracking the evolution of pandemics and guideline adherence in clinical practice.
Determining kidney function-specific thresholds for N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in heart failure risk prediction among patients with chronic kidney disease: a multicentre, observational, cohort study
Authors: Lu Yi , Chen Junzhe , Chen Ruixuan , Lukwaro Andrew Fanuel , Zhou Shiyu , Luo Yuxin , Nie Sheng , Tang Ying 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundElevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but uniform thresholds derived from the general population may not accurately predict heart failure (HF) risk across stages of kidney function. This study aimed to determine whether thresholds specific to kidney function categories improve HF risk prediction in CKD.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used data from the China Renal Data System, including 18 261 patients with CKD without prior HF. Kidney function-specific thresholds for NT-proBNP were established based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) categories, and associations with HF risk were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. The predictive value of these thresholds was compared with a uniform threshold of 125 pg/mL using Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI).ResultsElevated NT-proBNP was observed in 67% of patients using the uniform threshold compared with 23% when using eGFR-specific thresholds. Optimal NT-proBNP thresholds increased with declining kidney function, reaching the highest level in stage 5 CKD (eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m²). eGFR-specific thresholds significantly improved HF risk prediction, with NRI gains of 19% to 55% across stages 1 to 5, while the uniform threshold added no predictive value for patients with stage 5 CKD.ConclusionsIn patients with CKD, NT-proBNP levels must be interpreted in the context of kidney function, as eGFR-specific thresholds provide superior HF risk stratification. These findings support adopting kidney function-adjusted thresholds rather than a uniform cut-off to improve HF risk prediction.
Examining contextual differences in suicide by rural–urban designation and military status, 2009–2019: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System
Authors: Vakkalanka J Priyanka , Santos Leon Eliezer , Davis Jon , Williams Cameron , Casteel Carri 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo evaluate differences in mental health and substance use circumstances by rurality and military affiliations among suicide decedents.MethodsMultiyear (2009–2019) cross-sectional study of adult suicide decedents reported to the National Violent Death Reporting System. We classified suicide decedents into a four-level variable by geography (urban/rural) and military status and evaluated the prevalence of current and past alcohol and substance use problems, mental health problem recognition and mental illness treatment. We estimated prevalence ratios using multiple imputation chain equations to account for missing data and log-binomial regression models and present stratified estimates by military and rural classification.FindingsThere was no significant relationship between rural-military classification and alcohol use problem. Compared with urban civilians, other groups had a lower risk identified of having a substance use problem: urban military (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR): 0.65; 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.71), rural military (aPR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.66) and rural civilians (aPR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.00). Recognition of a mental health problem was lower among both rural military (aPR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.96) and rural civilians (aPR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.92). The likelihood of current mental treatment was lower in other groups (urban military (aPR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89 to 0.96); rural military (aPR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.94); and rural civilian (aPR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.92)). There was no evidence of effect modification by military and rural classification for any outcome.ConclusionsMental health outcomes by military affiliation and urbanicity/rurality may need to be independently assessed as social determinants of health.
Outcomes and experiences of genetic testing in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Morrish Ansley M , O’Malley Bridget R , Hilton Desiree C K , Webb Annabel E , Bennetts Bruce , Sholler Gary F , Smith Janine , Blue Gillian M 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundFollowing genomic advances, genetic testing options for paediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) have evolved significantly. A single-site audit was conducted to assess testing outcomes and a survey created to explore family experiences and preferences.MethodAll genetic tests ordered in postcardiac surgery patients with CHD at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead between January 2017 and December 2021 were reviewed. Diagnostic yield, clinical and demographic factors, and testing trends over time were evaluated. Surveys were sent to parents of children who had met a clinical geneticist (n=112).ResultsGenetic testing was completed in 607 individuals (74 molecular testing; 533 cytogenetic testing only). The diagnostic rate was 36% and 9%, respectively. Use of molecular testing significantly increased over time (p=0.033), but yield did not (p=0.288). Molecular testing yield was high in neonates (64%), and patients with extracardiac anomalies (40%) or relevant family history (40%). Brain (p=0.022), haematological/cancer (p≤0.001), immune (p≤0.001), endocrine (p≤0.001) anomalies and intellectual disability (p=0.027) were associated with a diagnosis following cytogenetic testing. Short stature was significantly associated with diagnostic yield following molecular testing (p=0.012). Survey respondents (n=28) reported a positive experience (p=0.013) with minimal decisional regret (p=0.322).ConclusionCytogenetic testing remains an important first-tier test in CHD. Furthermore, molecular testing guided by a clinical geneticist generates a high rate of genetic diagnoses. Parents of children with CHD value genetic testing with little regret.
Impact of sedentary behaviour reduction on desk-worker workplace satisfaction, productivity, mood and health-related quality of life: a randomised trial
Authors: Quinn Tyler D , Perera Subashan , Conroy Molly B , Jakicic John M , Muldoon Matthew F , Huber Kimberly A , Alansare Abdullah B , Holmes Anthony J , Barone Gibbs Bethany 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesSedentary behaviour (SB) is related to lower worker health-related quality of life (HRQOL), mental health and productivity. However, it is unknown whether reducing SB improves these outcomes. This study assessed whether a 3-month SB reduction intervention improved or was associated with dose-response changes in workplace satisfaction, productivity, mood and HRQOL.MethodsInactive desk workers with elevated blood pressure were randomised to a 3-month SB reduction intervention (n=135) or control (n=136). The intervention used a sit-stand desk, wrist-worn activity prompter and bi-monthly individual coaching to primarily replace work SB with standing and stepping. SB measured via a thigh-mounted activPAL3 micro, workplace satisfaction, productivity, mood and HRQOL were assessed at baseline and 3 months. Analyses of covariance compared changes in outcomes between groups with adjustment for baseline values. In both groups, associations between changes in work and non-work SB and outcomes were examined using linear regression.ResultsCompared with control, reducing SB did not significantly change workplace satisfaction, productivity or HRQOL. Among mood measures, only vigour improved (1.01 vs 0.1 points, p=0.0302). Among all participants, reductions in non-work SB were associated with improvements in workplace satisfaction (+0.15 and +0.27 points/hour of non-work standing and stepping, respectively) and productivity (+0.47 points/hour of non-work stepping), while changes in SB during work were not related.ConclusionsInterventions reducing non-work rather than work SB may be more impactful for improving workplace satisfaction and HRQOL outcomes. Future studies should explore workplace-based SB reduction interventions that are longer and target non-work time to improve similar outcomes.Trial registration numberNCT03307343.
Study of compositional and luminescence properties of calcite in lapis lazuli for provenance investigations of archaeological findings
Authors: Magalini Marta , Guidorzi Laura , Re Alessandro , Marabotto Miriana , Borghi Alessandro , Gallo Paolo , Vidale Massimo , La Torre Leonardo , Campostrini Matteo , Lemasson Quentin , Pichon Laurent , Moignard Brice , Pacheco Claire , Couture Pierre , Palitsin Vladimir , Lo Giudice Alessandro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, calcite crystals within 42 lapis lazuli reference rocks coming from four distinct mining regions (in present-day Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Siberia and Myanmar) were characterised in terms of their compositional and luminescence properties in order to identify potential provenance markers. A non-destructive approach based on Ion Beam Analysis was employed, in particular using μ-Particle Induced X-rays Emission (μ-PIXE) and μ-Ion Beam Induced Luminescence (μ-IBIL). The results indicate that calcite crystals in Afghan rocks are characterised by the highest quantity of Mg and Mn; whereas, Siberian calcite exhibit the highest Sr content. The application of Principal Component Analysis also enhanced the possibility of discriminating between the Myanmar and Tajik rocks, as well as between the four provenances in general, by exploiting the compositional variability of Mg, Mn, Sr and Y elements. Regarding the luminescence properties, notable differences in the intensity ratio between the 360 nm and the 620 nm luminescence bands were detected among the provenances. In the second part of this study, the new results were employed to infer the origin of the raw material of certain archaeological findings discovered in two different historical sites: four lapis lazuli fragments from Shahr-i Sokhta (Iran, 3rd millennium BCE) and a lapis lazuli tessera from the city of Tanis (Egypt, 1050–700 BCE). The results of the analysis indicate that, among the four provenances considered in the reference rocks database, the best compatibility of the data from both case studies is found with the Afghan dataset. This suggests that the area of Afghanistan is the most probable source for the raw materials of the investigated findings.
Effect of the 5:2 Diet on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Overweight and/or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wu Cui , Chen Binqin , Yu Jing , Zhang Qi , Piao Chunli 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the effects of the 5:2 diet on weight loss and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in overweight and obese individuals.Methods: Databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase) were searched for randomized controlled trials of the intervention effects of the 5:2 diet in overweight and obese individuals. The search period was from database establishment to April 2024. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 were used for the meta‐analysis.Results: A total of 20 articles with 1393 participants were finally included. There were 689 participants in the treatment groups and 704 in the control groups. The meta‐analysis showed that the 5:2 diet significantly reduces body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, hip circumference, fat mass, fat‐free mass, low‐density lipoprotein, systolic blood pressure, and homeostasis model assessment‐insulin resistance levels relative to the control group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in levels of visceral fat, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein, diastolic blood pressure, insulin, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, and heart rate. Although there were no serious adverse events in the 5:2 diet group, participants in this group experienced mild physical and psychological side effects during the fasting period, which resolved spontaneously after fasting.Conclusion: The 5:2 diet is effective for weight reduction and amelioration of CVD risk factors in overweight/obesity and is safe and feasible. However, the patient’s physical condition during the fasting period should be monitored and timely adjustments should be made accordingly.
Cladribine Added to Idarubicin and Cytarabine as an Induction Regimen for Patients with De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Multicenter, Randomized Phase III Trial
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Han Yue , Qiu Huiying , Han Miaoxinqi , Sun Aining , Xue Shengli , Jin Zhengming , Miao Miao , Wang Ying , Fu Chengcheng , Tang Xiaowen , Chen Suning , Li Caixia , Bai Lian , Lin Zhihong , Chen Jun , Han Haohao , Chen Jia , Wu Depei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess the efficacy and safety of an induction regimen composed of idarubicin, cytarabine, and cladribine (IAC) in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Patients and Methods:
Adult patients with newly diagnosed AML were randomized to the IAC group (cladribine 5 mg/m2/day for 5 days, idarubicin 8 mg/m2/day for 3 days, and cytarabine 100 mg/m2/day for 7 days) and the IA group (idarubicin 12 mg/m2/day for 3 days and cytarabine 100 mg/m2/day for 7 days) at a 1:2 ratio. The primary endpoint was complete remission (CR) after induction. Secondary endpoints included 2-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival, and cumulative incidence of relapse.

Results:
A total of 618 adult patients with newly diagnosed AML were enrolled. The overall CR rate was 80.5% in the IAC group compared with 72.4% in the IA group (P = 0.029). The 2-year OS was 81.3% in the IAC group compared with 70.0% in the IA group (P = 0.011). Patients on the IAC regimen achieved a higher CR rate compared to those on the IA regimen, particularly in those with adverse risk (69.8% vs. 49.1%, P = 0.008), 2-year OS (80.1% vs. IA 58.1%, P = 0.014), and disease-free survival (78.8% vs. 51.3%, P = 0.009). In the subgroup of patients older than 45 years of age, the IAC regimen exerted better CR (77.1% vs. 62.6%, P = 0.033) and 2-year OS (74.7% vs. IA 55.0%, P = 0.019). There were no differences in chemotherapy-related toxicities between the groups.

Conclusions:
Cladribine added to the IA regimen was safe and effective in de novo AML. Patients with adverse risk or those between 45 and 60 years of age might benefit significantly on both response and survival with the IAC regimen.
Mechanisms Of Response And Resistance To PSMAXCD3 Bispecifics In CD34+ Humanized Mice
Authors: Mattson Cypert Bethany K. , Menard Krista , Chu Gerald , McDevitt Theresa , Verona Raluca I. , Rupnow Brent , Packman Kathryn 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Prostate cancer is considered immunologically “cold”, with low mutational burden, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and PD-L1 levels, culminating in poor response to immune checkpoint therapies. Bispecific CD3 redirection antibodies can elicit T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and hold promise for immune cell recruitment into prostate tumors. CD3 redirection antibodies in solid tumors are still in early phases of clinical development, and it is not yet understood whether these potential therapies will achieve the high response rates observed in hematological malignancies or result in durable T cell responses. Here we demonstrated that treatment with a PSMA targeted CD3 redirector resulted in efficacy against LnCaP.AR human prostate xenografts in CD34+ cord blood humanized mice. Efficacy correlated with T cell infiltration into tumors with an activated phenotype, but also increased PD-L1 expression. Engineered overexpression of PD-L1 in LNCaP.AR tumors resulted in resistance to PSMAxCD3 bispecific antibody treatment, whereas sensitivity was restored in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab. PSMAxCD3 and anti-PD-1 combination treatment resulted in complete tumor responses in approximately 20% of mice, and elicited immune responses that delayed growth of rechallenged tumors. In a second prostate model, patient derived LuCaP 86.2 xenografts, PSMAxCD3 monotherapy treatment resulted in complete responses in 25% of mice. When PSMAxCD3-treated responder mice were rechallenged with LuCaP 86.2 tumors, partial control of tumor regrowth was associated with expansion of effector memory T cells. These studies show that PSMAxCD3 treatment elicits antitumor memory T cell responses, and that combination with PD-1 blockade can enhance these effects in tumors with immune suppressive tumor microenvironments.
Hypertension Prevention and Healthy Life Expectancy in Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Foti Kathryn , Zhang Yiyi , Hennessy Susan E. , Colantonio Lisandro D. , Ghazi Lama , Hardy Shakia T. , Arabadjian Milla , Byfield Rushelle , Fontil Valy , Lewis Cora E. , Shimbo Daichi , Muntner Paul , Bellows Brandon K. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
The impact of preventing hypertension and maintaining normal blood pressure (BP) on life expectancy and healthy life expectancy (HLE) among Black adults, who are disproportionately affected by hypertension, has not been quantified.

METHODS:
We used a discrete event simulation to estimate life expectancy and HLE among a cohort of Black adults from the Jackson Heart Study (n=4933) from age 20 to 100 years or until death. We modeled preventing hypertension as having BP <130/80 mm Hg and maintaining normal BP as having BP <120/80 mm Hg across the lifespan. In the primary analysis, we assumed that lowering BP decreased the risk of cardiovascular disease events, resulting in life expectancy and HLE gains. In a secondary analysis, we assumed that preventing hypertension and maintaining normal BP directly reduced both cardiovascular disease and mortality risk.

RESULTS:
At age 20 years, the projected average life expectancy was age 80.8 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 80.6–81.1) years, and HLE was 70.5 (95% UI, 70.3–70.7) healthy life years. In the primary analysis, preventing hypertension and maintaining normal BP added 0.9 (95% UI, 0.8–1.1) and 1.1 (95% UI, 0.9–1.3) years to life expectancy, respectively, and 2.7 (95% UI, 2.6–2.9) and 2.9 (95% UI, 2.7–3.1) healthy life years to HLE, respectively. In the secondary analysis, preventing hypertension and maintaining normal BP added 4.5 (95% UI, 4.3–4.6) and 4.6 (95% UI, 4.4–4.8) years to life expectancy, respectively, and 5.7 (95% UI, 5.6–5.8) and 5.9 (95% UI, 5.7–6.0) healthy life years to HLE, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Preventing hypertension and maintaining normal BP were projected to increase life expectancy and HLE among Black adults.