bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participant comprehension and acceptability of enhanced versus text-only electronic informed consent: an innovative qualitative pilot study
Authors: Corneli Amy , Starling Summer , Choi Yujung , Vosylius Jurgis , Madre Leanne , Mackinnon Andrew , Tenaerts Pamela 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of electronic informed consent (eIC) in decentralized trials offers a pragmatic approach to enrolling participants across multiple geographic areas.

Methods
Using a randomized, cross-over study design, we conducted a qualitative descriptive evaluation of two eIC approaches—text-only eIC and enhanced eIC—in a mock hypertension Phase III clinical trial. We assessed participant comprehension and acceptability (usability, satisfaction, and eIC preference).

Results
A total of 24 individuals with hypertension participated in the study: 12 reviewed the text-only eIC first, followed by the enhanced eIC, and 12 reviewed the enhanced eIC first, followed by the text-only eIC. The study population was diverse in gender, age, race, and geographic location. We found no descriptive differences in participant comprehension and satisfaction between the two eIC approaches. However, more participants preferred the enhanced eIC, and participants indicated that the digital elements were personable and made them feel more informed, engaged, comfortable, and prepared to participate in clinical research.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that enhancing the eIC process with digital elements may have beneficial outcomes among potential participants beyond comprehension and satisfaction.
Nematode egg parasitic fungus, Purpureocillium lilacinum: efficacy of indigenous strains for the management of Meloidogyne incognita in chickpea
Authors: Rajendran Jagadeeswaran , Dubey Jyotirmay , Kumar Vaibhav , Sujayanand G. K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundNematode egg parasitic fungus,Purpureocillium lilacinumis the most effective biocontrol agent and has been widely used commercially in many countries for the management of root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne incognita. Availability of indigenous potential strains specific to an agro ecosystem is very crucial for their successful commercial exploitation for suppression of nematode population. Hence, an attempt was made to isolate, characterize, evaluate and identify potential indigenous strains ofP. lilacinumfrom pulse ecosystem for root-knot nematode management in chickpea.ResultsThe fungal colony was initially white and when spore was formed it turned into pink colour in 72 to 96 h. Hyphae was hyaline and septate, conidiophore was blunt, and phialides were with wide base and long neck bearing round to oval conidia in chains. Molecular identification of the species,P. lilacinumwas carried out based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the genomic DNA. In vitro bioassay of cultural filtrates on juvenile mortality revealed that maximum percentage of mortality was observed in IIPR-Pl-11 (88.36%). Spectrophotometric assay on chitinolytic activity showed that the strain IIPR-Pl-11 produced significantly high chitinolytic activity, chitinase enzyme and total protein content (0.139, 51.1 and173.75 µg/ml at 5days); (0.245, 90.1 and 272.67 µg/ml at 10 days) and (0.273, 100.4 and 306.25 µg/ml), respectively, at 15 days of culturing in colloidal chitin-enriched medium C. 2D gel electrophoresis of the crude chitinase suspension showed the presence of chitinase (32, 46 kDa size) in the sample from chitinase-induced medium C. In vitro bioassay of the cultural filtrates of the fungus grown in chitin-enriched medium C on inhibition on egg hatching revealed that the highest percent inhibition on egg hatching showed by IIPR-Pl-8 strain at 5 days of inoculation (42.6%) and IIPR-Pl-11 at 10 and 20 days of inoculation (62.80 and 93.50%), respectively. In vivo pot experiment revealed that among all strains, IIPR-Pl-11 was efficient in promoting plant growth very effectively by reducing gall number (41.3 per plant), egg mass (28.3 per plant) and soil population (284.3 per 200cc of soil) compared to control.ConclusionP. lilacinumstrain IIPR-Pl-11 was the highest potential strain from pulse rhizosphere for the management of root-knot nematode,M. incognitain chickpea.
Mobilising transformative community-based climate change adaptation
Authors: Nath Subhashree 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnder-resourced and marginalised communities often have limited government support, and therefore, must decide by themselves if and how they adapt to the uncertainties of climate change. Community-based climate change adaptation (CbA) forms a plausible approach here. In practice, however, CbA projects often fail to address the underlying causes of vulnerability like power relations and sociocultural structures that influence adaptation measures adopted and outcomes. In response, this perspective paper explores the concept of transformative community-based climate change adaption (TCbA), a reflexive approach that focuses on empowering communities by reframing the decision-making context. It discusses pathways of mobilising this shift to transformative CbA in three steps: (1) specifying the characteristics of a TCbA; (2) exploring the leverage points to mobilise it, and (3) recommending a set of actions and processes that facilitate co-decided interventions at the identified leverage points. These leverage points include "the structure of information flow", "rules of the system" and “power to change system structure or self-organise". The paper concludes by emphasising that the shift to transformative CbA begins when facilitators and members of the community undertaking a CbA project are reflexive about how the societal context of decision processes, like power relations, influence community adaptation decision-making, planning and implementation.
A study on textbook use and its effects on students’ academic performance
Authors: Li Fangfang , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCurriculum education reforms are being carried out in various countries, in which great research interest has been generated in the use of textbooks and the effectiveness of their use. In this study, the focus is on the actual use of textbooks by the first students to use the 2019 edition of general high school chemistry textbooks (students graduating in summer 2022 and summer 2023) and its relationship with students’ interest and attitudes, and their academic achievements in chemistry. In this study, two questionnaires and one test with a standardized reliability and validity were developed. A quantitative analysis method was used to determine how the students (N = 2874) used the new textbooks. Correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between the use of new textbooks and students’ interest, attitudes, and academic achievements among students (N = 250).The results show that students rate the new textbooks highly, but there is still much room for improvement in the functional value of the new textbooks. Correlation analysis and regression analyse showed that there was a significant correlation between students’ use of chemistry textbooks and their interest and attitudes, but the correlation between them and their academic achievements in chemistry was not directly significant. At the same time, the use of the new textbooks revealed a different dynamic and atmosphere in the chemistry classroom, with more classroom student activities taking place and students being able to participate more deeply and actively in them. This contributed more to students’ interest and attitudes, and improved their performance in chemistry. In this study, we strongly argue for the importance and value of textbook use for student learning on the one hand and for the enrichment of student-centred textbook use research on the other.
The value of simultaneous determination of blood large neutral amino acids and tetrahydrobiopterin metabolites in the diagnosis of atypical hyperphenylalaninemia
Authors: Salama Nadia , Elgedawy Gamalte , Gamal Radwa , Zaki Osama , Khalil Ashraf , Obada Manar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in newborns with atypical hyperphenylalaninemia requires rapid and accurate diagnosis and the ability to distinguish it from the classical type to prevent early irreversible neurological damage. The study aimed to evaluate neopterin and biopterin (products of tetrahydrobiopterin recycling pathway) and amino acid profiles (used in supplementation therapy) in patients with hyperphenylalaninemia after optimizing ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to simultaneously measure neopterin, biopterin, and amino acids in dried blood spots. The study enrolled preselected infants with classic (n = 46), atypical (n = 14) hyperphenylalaninemia, and a control group (n = 50).Result Tandem mass spectrometry detected neo/biopterin in the blood with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The mean neo/biopterin levels were significantly lower in the atypical cases (4 ± 1 and 3 ± 1 nmol/L) than the classic (49 ± 13 and 50 ± 12 nmol/L) and control (15.2 and 15.3 nmol/L) groups and correlated with phenylalanine and phenylalanine to tyrosine ratio (all P < 0.05). The study compared classic and atypical hyperphenylalaninemia cases with the control group. Both classic and atypical cases exhibited decreased levels of arginine, valine, and leucine compared to controls. Classic cases showed increased levels of citrulline, ornithine, and methionine, while atypical cases showed increased citrulline levels only. Comparing atypical versus classic cases, atypical cases exhibited decreased levels of citrulline, ornithine, methionine, arginine, leucine, and valine (all P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed negative associations between ornithine and biopterin and between arginine and neopterin in classic PKU cases. These findings highlight distinct metabolic differences between classic and atypical PKU.Conclusion The optimized method detected neo/biopterin in the blood with accuracy and precision. The characteristic pattern of neo/biopterin in the blood makes it possible to differentiate between classic and atypical hyperphenylalaninemia with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The amino acid profile could add value when treatment with large neutral amino acids is considered.
Suicides in degenerative neurocognitive disorders and traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Talaslahti Tiina , Ginters Milena , Palm Anniina , Kautiainen Hannu , Vataja Risto , Elonheimo Henrik , Suvisaari Jaana , Koponen Hannu , Lindberg Nina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Neuropsychiatric symptoms in major neurocognitive disorders have been strongly associated with suicidality.

Methods
The objectives were to explore suicide rates in degenerative neurocognitive disorders (DNDs), alcohol-related neurocognitive disorders (ARNDs), and traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Patients who received these diagnoses between 1998 and 2015 (N = 231,817) were identified from nationwide registers, and their mortality was followed up until December 31, 2018. We calculated incidences of suicides per 100,000 person-years, types of suicides, and suicide rates compared with the general population (standardized mortality ratio [SMR]).

Results
During the follow-up, 0.3% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.2–0.5) of patients with DNDs, 1.1% (0.7–1.8) with ARNDs, and 1.0% (0.7–1.3) with TBIs committed suicide. Suicide mortality rate was higher in men (58.9, 51.3, to 67.4 per 100,000) than in women (9.8, 7.5, to 12.5 per 100,000). The highest suicide rate was in ARNDs (98.8, 65.1, to 143.8 per 100,000), followed by TBIs (82.0, 62.4, to 105.8 per 100,000), and DNDs (21.2, 18.3, to 24.5 per 100,000). The SMRs (95% CI) were 3.69 (2.53–5.38), 2.99 (2.31–3.86), and 1.31 (1.13–1.51), respectively, and no sex difference emerged. The most common cause of death was self-inflicted injury by hanging or drowning (12.4, 10.3, to 14.8 per 100,000).

Conclusions
Suicide rates were higher in all three patient groups than the general population. Suicide risk remained elevated for more than 10 years after diagnosis. The suicide methods were mostly violent.
Patient-Specific Measurable Residual Disease Markers Predict Outcome in Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Related Diseases After Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation
Authors: Tobiasson Magnus , Pandzic Tatjana , Illman Johanna , Nilsson Lars , Weström Simone , Ejerblad Elisabeth , Olesen Gitte , Björklund Andreas , Olsnes Kittang Astrid , Werlenius Olle , Lorentz Fryderyk , Rasmussen Bengt , Cammenga Jörg , Weber Duruta , Lindholm Carolin , Wiggh Joel , Dimitriou Marios , Moen Ann Elin , Yip Lundström Laimei , von Bahr Lena , Baltzer-Sollander Karin , Jädersten Martin , Kytölä Soili , Walldin Gunilla , Ljungman Per , Groenbaek Kirsten , Mielke Stephan , Jacobsen Sten Eirik W. , Ebeling Freja , Cavelier Lucia , Smidstrup Friis Lone , Dybedal Ingunn , Hellström-Lindberg Eva 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE Clinical relapse is the major threat for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) undergoing hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). Early detection of measurable residual disease (MRD) would enable preemptive treatment and potentially reduced relapse risk. METHODS Patients with MDS planned for HSCT were enrolled in a prospective, observational study evaluating the association between MRD and clinical outcome. We collected bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood samples until relapse, death, or end of study 24 months after HSCT. Patient-specific mutations were identified with targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel and traced using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). RESULTS Of 266 included patients, estimated relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates 3 years after HSCT were 59% and 64%, respectively. MRD results were available for 221 patients. Relapse was preceded by positive BM MRD in 42/44 relapses with complete MRD data, by a median of 71 (23-283) days. Of 137 patients in continuous complete remission, 93 were consistently MRD-negative, 39 reverted from MRD+ to MRD–, and five were MRD+ at last sampling. Estimated 1 year-RFS after first positive MRD was 49%, 39%, and 30%, using cutoff levels of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%, respectively. In a multivariate Cox model, MRD (hazard ratio [HR], 7.99), WHO subgroup AML (HR, 4.87), TP53 multi-hit (HR, 2.38), NRAS (HR, 3.55), and acute GVHD grade III-IV (HR, 4.13) were associated with shorter RFS. MRD+ was also independently associated with shorter OS (HR, 2.65). In a subgroup analysis of 100 MRD+ patients, presence of chronic GVHD was associated with longer RFS (HR, 0.32). CONCLUSION Assessment of individualized MRD using NGS + ddPCR is feasible and can be used for early detection of relapse. Positive MRD is associated with shorter RFS and OS (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02872662 ).
A new experimental evidence-weighted signaling pathway resource in FlyBase
Authors: Attrill Helen , Antonazzo Giulia , Goodman Joshua L. , Thurmond Jim , Strelets Victor B. , Brown Nicholas H. , the FlyBase Consortium  
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Research in model organisms is central to the characterization of signaling pathways in multicellular organisms. Here, we present the comprehensive and systematic curation of 17 Drosophila signaling pathways using the Gene Ontology framework to establish a dynamic resource that has been incorporated into FlyBase, providing visualization and data integration tools to aid research projects. By restricting to experimental evidence reported in the research literature and quantifying the amount of such evidence for each gene in a pathway, we captured the landscape of empirical knowledge of signaling pathways in Drosophila.
Live tracking of basal stem cells of the epidermis during growth, homeostasis and injury response in zebrafish
Authors: Liu Zhengcheng , Meng Yidan , Ishikura Ayu , Kawakami Atsushi 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Basal stem cells of the epidermis continuously differentiate into keratinocytes and replenish themselves via self-renewal to maintain skin homeostasis. Numerous studies have attempted to reveal how basal cells undergo differentiation or self-renewal; however, this has been hampered by a lack of robust basal cell markers and analytical platforms that allow single-cell tracking. Here, we report that zebrafish integrin beta 4 is a useful marker for basal cell labelling, irrespective of the body region, stage and regenerative status. We employed Cre-loxP recombination in combination with live cell tracking of single basal clones in the caudal fin and investigated the embryonic origin and behaviour of basal cells during fish growth and homeostasis. Although most basal cells, including those in fins, became quiescent in the adult stage, genetic cell ablation showed that basal cells were reactivated to either self-renew or differentiate, depending on the injured cell type. Our study provides a simple and easy-to-use platform for quantitative in vivo imaging of basal stem cells at wider stages and under various conditions.
Seven-up acts in neuroblasts to specify adult central complex neuron identity and initiate neuroblast decommissioning
Authors: Dillon Noah R. , Manning Laurina , Hirono Keiko , Doe Chris Q. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
An unanswered question in neurobiology is how are diverse neuron cell types generated from a small number of neural stem cells? In the Drosophila larval central brain, there are eight bilateral Type 2 neuroblast (T2NB) lineages that express a suite of early temporal factors followed by a different set of late temporal factors and generate the majority of the central complex (CX) neurons. The early-to-late switch is triggered by the orphan nuclear hormone receptor Seven-up (Svp), yet little is known about how this Svp-dependent switch is involved in specifying CX neuron identities. Here, we: (1) birth date the CX neurons P-EN and P-FN (early and late, respectively); (2) show that Svp is transiently expressed in all early T2NBs; and (3) show that loss of Svp expands the population of early born P-EN neurons at the expense of late born P-FN neurons. Furthermore, in the absence of Svp, T2NBs fail decommissioning and abnormally extend their lineage into week-old adults. We conclude that Svp is required to specify CX neuron identity, as well as to initiate T2NB decommissioning.
The role of selected polymorphisms in regulation of gene CD38 expression and their effect on the clinical picture of autism spectrum disorders – preliminary study
Authors: Wilczyński Krzysztof Maria , Auguściak-Duma Aleksandra , Cichoń Lena , Stasik Aleksandra , Janas-Kozik Małgorzata 
Published: January 2024

Cel pracyEfekty kliniczne obserwowane w przypadku niedoboru oksytocyny mogą być również obecne w przypadku zaburzeń w mechanizmach odpowiedzialnych np. za jej sekrecję. W przypadku oksytocyny funkcję tą pełni miedzy innymi antygen różnicowania komórkowego 38 (CD38). Istniejące dane literaturowe jak również związki białka CD38 z sekrecją oksytocyny budzą zainteresowanie w kontekście ich możliwego powiązania z obrazem klinicznym i rozwojem objawów ze spektrum autyzmu (ASD). Celem prezentowanego badania była analiza związku pomiędzy polimorfizmami rs3796863 oraz rs6449197 w genie CD38, poziomem ekspresji genu a obrazem klinicznym i ryzykiem uzyskania diagnozy ASD.MetodaBadanie objęło 59 osób w wieku średnio 15,05 lat z IQ>90. Uczestnicy byli podzieleni na dwie grupy: badaną obejmująca 37 osób z potwierdzoną diagnozą ASD oraz kontrolą obejmującą 22 osoby neurotypowe. Weryfikacja diagnozy dokonywana była przy użyciu protokołu ADOS-2.WynikiW analizie porównawczej z populacją wzorcową opartą o bazę 1000Genomes z występowaniem istotnego kliniczne nasilenia cech ASD związek wykazywały allele „T” polimorfizmów rs3796863 oraz rs6449197, które wykazują wyższą częstość w populacji ogólnej i traktowane są jako „dzikie”. W przypadku analizy międzygrupowej tego typu zależność była słabsza zaś genotyp grupy kontrolnej był niejako pośredni pomiędzy grupą badaną a populacją wzorcową. W analize ∆∆Ct znormalizowana wartość względnego poziomu ekspresji genu CD38 wskazywała, iż w grupie badanej poziom ekspresji był o około 1,1-1,2 razy wyższy niż w grupie kontrolnej.WnioskiUzyskane wyniki wskazują, iż istotny związek z nasileniem cech zaburzeń ze spektrum autyzmu obserwowany jest przede wszystkim w przypadku nosicieli wariantów dzikich badanych polimorfizmów u których obserwuje się także, powiązany z nimi, wzrost ekspresji genu CD38.
Lviv lectures of Kant's criticism
Authors: Ingarden Roman Witold 
Published: January 2024

Lectures read and transcribed from the original by:
Radosław Kuliniak University of WrocławORCID: 0000-0002-0090-6609e-mail: kornik90@poczta.onet.pl
Mariusz PanduraUniversity of WrocławORCID: 0000-0001-5875-2705e-mail: mariusz.pandura@uwr.edu.pl
Product Development in Crowdfunding: Theoretical and Empirical Analysis
Authors: Candoğan Sıdıka Tunç , Cornelius Philipp B. , Gokpinar Bilal , Körpeoğlu Ersin , Tang Christopher S. 
Published: January 2024

Problem definition: Crowdfunding goes beyond raising funds. Entrepreneurs often use crowdfunding to solicit feedback from customers to improve their products and may therefore prefer to launch their crowdfunding campaigns using basic versions of their products with fewer features. However, customers may not be persuaded by a campaign if the product appears to be underdeveloped. In view of this tradeoff, a key question for entrepreneurs is how much to develop a product before launching a crowdfunding campaign. Methodology/results: Analyzing a game-theoretical model and testing its predictions empirically, we study (1) how the development level of a product at campaign launch, measured by the initial number of product features, influences whether customers will make comments that help entrepreneurs improve the product; (2) whether entrepreneurs continue to improve the product during the campaign; and (3) whether the campaign is successful. We show that, as the number of product features at campaign launch increases, the likelihood that customers will make comments and that the product will be improved during the campaign first increases but then decreases. Furthermore, the likelihood of campaign success first increases but then decreases with the number of product features at campaign launch. Finally, by analyzing the interactions between customer feedback, product improvement, and campaign success, we show that customer feedback motivates entrepreneurs to improve the product during the campaign. Moreover, entrepreneurs should take account of the initial number of features and customer feedback when improving the product, because otherwise product improvements can harm campaign success. Managerial implications: Our study provides practical insights on how entrepreneurs can use crowdfunding to aid product development and improvement. Specifically, entrepreneurs should avoid overdeveloping their products before crowdfunding campaigns because, as well as decreasing the chance of campaign success, this could hinder their ability to save development costs (e.g., market research costs) through involving customers in product development. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0344 .