bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal immune activation imprints translational dysregulation and differential MAP2 phosphorylation in descendant neural stem cells
Authors: Martín-Guerrero Sandra M. , Martín-Estebané María , Lara Ordóñez Antonio J. , Cánovas Miguel , Martín-Oliva David , González-Maeso Javier , Cutillas Pedro R. , López-Giménez Juan F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Alterations induced by maternal immune activation (MIA) during gestation impact the subsequent neurodevelopment of progeny, a process that in humans, has been linked to the development of several neuropsychiatric conditions. To undertake a comprehensive examination of the molecular mechanisms governing MIA, we have devised an in vitro model based on neural stem cells (NSCs) sourced from fetuses carried by animals subjected to Poly I:C treatment. These neural progenitors demonstrate proliferative capacity and can be effectively differentiated into both neurons and glial cells. Transcriptomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic analyses conducted on these cellular models, in conjunction with counterparts from control treatments, revealed discernible shifts in the expression levels of a specific subset of proteins implicated in neuronal function. Furthermore, the phosphoproteomic data highlighted a discernible discrepancy in the basal phosphorylation of proteins between differentiated cells from both experimental groups, particularly within proteins associated with cytoskeletal architecture and synaptic functionality, notably those belonging to the MAP family. Observed alterations in MAP phosphorylation were found to potentially have functional consequences as they correlate with changes in neuronal plasticity and the establishment of neuronal synapses. Our data agrees with previous published observations and further underscore the importance of MAP2 phosphorylation state on its function and the impact that this protein has in neuronal structure and function.
Autism common variants associated with white matter alterations at birth: cross-sectional fixel-based analyses of 221 European term-born neonates from the developing human connectome project
Authors: Le Hai , Bonthrone Alexandra F. , Uus Alena , Fenchel Daphna , Lautarescu Alexandra , Dimitrakopoulou Konstantina , Edwards A. David , Hajnal Joseph V. , Counsell Serena J. , Cordero-Grande Lucilio , Christiaens Daan , Batalle Dafnis , Pietsch Maximilian , Price Anthony N. , Patel Hamel , Curtis Charles , Cullen Harriet , Deprez Maria , Tournier Jacques-Donald 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Increasing lines of evidence suggest white matter (WM) structural changes associated with autism can be detected in the first year of life. Despite the condition having high heritability, the relationship between autism common genetic variants and WM changes during this period remains unclear. By employing advanced regional and whole-brain fixel-based analysis, the current study investigated the association between autism polygenic scores (PS) and WM microscopic fibre density and macrostructural morphology in 221 term-born infants of European ancestry from the developing Human Connectome Project. The results suggest greater tract mean fibre-bundle cross-section of the left superior corona radiata is associated with higher autism PS. Subsequent exploratory enrichment analysis revealed that the autism risk single nucleotide polymorphisms most associated with the imaging phenotype may have roles in neuronal cellular components. Together, these findings suggest a possible link between autism common variants and early WM development.
Reactivatable stimulated emission depletion microscopy using fluorescence-recoverable nanographene
Authors: Yang Qiqi , Failla Antonio Virgilio , Turunen Petri , Mateos-Maroto Ana , Gai Meiyu , Zuschratter Werner , Westendorf Sophia , Gelléri Márton , Chen Qiang , Goudappagouda  , Zhao Hao , Zhu Xingfu , Morsbach Svenja , Scheele Marcus , Yan Wei , Landfester Katharina , Kabe Ryota , Bonn Mischa , Narita Akimitsu , Liu Xiaomin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, a key optical super-resolution imaging method, has extended our ability to view details to resolution levels of tens of nanometers. Its resolution depends on fluorophore de-excitation efficiency, and increases with depletion laser power. However, high-power irradiation permanently turns off the fluorescence due to photo-bleaching of the fluorophores. As a result, there is a trade-off between spatial resolution and imaging time. Here, we overcome this limitation by introducing reactivatable STED (ReSTED) based on the photophysical properties of the nanographene dibenzo[hi,st]ovalene (DBOV). In contrast to the photo-induced decomposition of other fluorophores, the fluorescence of DBOV is only temporarily deactivated and can be reactivated by near-infrared light (including the 775 nm depletion beam). As a result, this fluorophore allows for hours-long, high-resolution 3D STED imaging, greatly expanding the applications of STED microscopy.
Skeletal muscle stem cells modulate niche function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse through YY1-CCL5 axis
Authors: Li Yang , Li Chuhan , Sun Qiang , Liu Xingyuan , Chen Fengyuan , Cheung Yeelo , Zhao Yu , Xie Ting , Chazaud Bénédicte , Sun Hao , Wang Huating 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are indispensable for muscle regeneration and tightly regulated by macrophages (MPs) and fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) in their niche. Deregulated MuSC/MP/FAP interactions and the ensuing inflammation and fibrosis are hallmarks of dystrophic muscle. Here we demonstrate intrinsic deletion of transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in MuSCs exacerbates dystrophic pathologies by altering composition and heterogeneity of MPs and FAPs. Further analysis reveals YY1 loss induces expression of immune genes in MuSCs, including C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (Ccl5). Augmented CCL5 secretion promotes MP recruitment via CCL5/C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) crosstalk, which subsequently hinders FAP clearance through elevated Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1). Maraviroc-mediated pharmacological blockade of the CCL5/CCR5 axis effectively mitigates muscle dystrophy and improves muscle performance. Lastly, we demonstrate YY1 represses Ccl5 transcription by binding to its enhancer thus facilitating promoter-enhancer looping. Altogether, our study demonstrates the critical role of MuSCs in actively shaping their niche and provides novel insight into the therapeutic intervention of muscle dystrophy.
Desiccation as a suitable alternative to cold-storage of phyllosphere samples for DNA-based microbial community analyses
Authors: Smenderovac Emily , Rheault Karelle , Moisan Marie-Ange , Emilson Caroline , Brazeau Élodie , Morency Marie-Josée , Gagné Patrick , Maire Vincent , Emilson Erik , Venier Lisa , Martineau Christine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study of microbial communities of the plant phyllosphere in remote locations using DNA-based approaches is limited by the challenges associated with their preservation in the field and during transportation. Freezing is a common DNA preservation strategy, but it may be unsuitable for leaf samples, or inaccessible in some locations. Other methods such as desiccation, ethanol or commercial preservatives are potential alternative DNA preservation methods for ambient temperature storage. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of desiccation (with silica gel packs), and of three preservation solutions (95% ethanol, RNAlater, LifeGuard) for the preservation of epiphytic phyllosphere communities of Populus tremuloides and Picea glauca at ambient indoor temperature (21 °C) for up to three weeks. We assessed effects on DNA concentration and quality and used metabarcoding to detect changes in bacterial and fungal communities between treatments over time. A secondary study was conducted on leaves of Populus grandidentata to further test the ability of the desiccation treatment to resolve differences between sampling sites. Silica gel packs were identified as effective ambient temperature preservative of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities. There were some changes in the communities compared to immediate extraction due to this treatment, but these changes did not affect the ability to distinguish tree species and sampling locations. Overall, our study supports the use of silica gel pack short term preservation at ambient temperature for phyllosphere samples intended for DNA-based microbial community analyses.
Blood-based biomarkers suggest prolonged axonal Injury following pediatric mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Mayer Andrew R. , Wick Tracey V. , McQuaid Jessica R. , Boucher Masen L. , Dodd Andrew B. , Robertson-Benta Cidney R. , van der Horn Harm J. , Erhardt Erik B. , Sapien Robert E. , Tarawneh Rawan , Mannix Rebekah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) affects millions of youth annually but underlying pathophysiology and time for physiological recovery remains unknown. Non-fasting plasma samples were obtained in 59 pmTBI (28 females; age 14.9 ± 2.7) at approximately 7 days and 4 months post-injury and in 41 matched healthy controls (HC: 20 females; age 14.3 ± 2.8). Samples were analyzed for GFAP, NFL, Tau, pTau181 and UCH-L1 protein concentrations in conjunction with a clinical battery. Significant effects of diagnosis (pmTBI > HC) existed at ~ 7 days (p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.72) and ~ 4 months (p = 0.015; Cohen’s d = 0.41) post-injury for NFL. NFL was also elevated in pmTBI with significant alterations to mental status (e.g., post-traumatic amnesia) relative to patients without (p = 0.014; Cohen’s d = 0.77). UCH-L1, GFAP and pTau181 did not differ between groups, but demonstrated negative associations with days post-injury (small to medium effect sizes) suggestive of a more rapid release/clearance. Post-concussive symptoms had the best diagnostic classification accuracy at ~ 7 days, but NFL ranked higher at 4 months post-injury. Preliminary findings highlight dynamic fluctuations in blood-based biomarkers in the first week of pmTBI, with ongoing evidence of protein release (NFL) at 4 months. NFL demonstrated additional promise for delineating injury severity within the spectrum of pmTBI.
Multi-slotted airfoil design for enhanced aerodynamic performance and economic efficiency
Authors: Aziz Mohamed A. , Khalifa Mohamed A. , Abdelrahman M. A. , Elshimy Haitham , Elsayed Ahmed M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recently, slotted airfoils have been introduced as a passive flow control approach. The slotted airfoil method resulted in stall delay and enhanced the lift coefficient. The single-slot airfoil is unable to delay stall if the flow is injected downstream of the separation point at the stall angle of attack. A multi-slot airfoil ensures air is injected along the airfoil suction side, delaying stalls over a large range of AOA. The current study focuses on enhancing wind turbine blades’ efficiency by utilizing a novel multi-slot NACA23012C airfoil design as a passive control approach. A numerical study of the optimal grid number was carried out, followed by validating the numerical model with previous experimental results in the literature. The numerical study is followed by a study of the effect of the number of airfoil slots: one, two, three, four, five, and six. The characteristics of the flow field were analyzed to explain the benefit of applying multi-slotted on the aerodynamic performance of an airfoil with a high AOA at Reynolds number 2.74 × 105. The findings showed a significant improvement in the lift coefficient values and the delayed stall AOA for multi-slot airfoils compared to the clean and single-slot airfoils. Increasing the slots number is effective up to four slots. The four-slot airfoil improved lift by 15.8%, and the two slots achieved a 22.31% CL/CD increase. Future work could optimize slot geometry, validate findings experimentally, and study dynamic and 3D effects.
Peridynamics analysis of crack propagation in concrete considering random aggregate distribution
Authors: Geng Bin , Li Ze , Zhao Yigong , Zhang Xiaoyan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The mechanical properties and fracture behavior of concrete are controlled by aggregate characteristics, and the distribution of aggregates is uncertain. Traditional studies on concrete crack propagation mainly conduct deterministic analysis based on the position and size of the aggregates, rarely considering the uncertainty of aggregate distribution. Based on the Peridynamics (PD) theory, random distribution functions are introduced to describe the geometric characteristics and positional parameters of concrete aggregates. Simulating the effect of random distribution of aggregates on concrete crack propagation by presetting random aggregates. For the first time, the Boundary Damage Ratio (BDR) is proposed to quantitatively describe the influence of cement mortar and aggregate on crack propagation, revealing the influence rules of random aggregate parameters on concrete damage provides a new method for studying concrete crack propagation. The research results show that the size and position of aggregates determine the crack propagation path during concrete failure. The BDR can indicate the quality of the concrete grading and the intensity of the aggregate’s guiding effect on crack propagation. It was found that the aggregate size and the BDR follow a Weibull distribution; the larger the aggregate size, the smaller the shape parameter.
Ultra-processed foods and plant-based alternatives impair nutritional quality of omnivorous and plant-forward dietary patterns in college students
Authors: Fedde Svenja , Wießner Miriam , Hägele Franziska A , Müller Manfred J , Bosy-Westphal Anja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The health benefits of a plant-based diet may be outweighed by an increased consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and plant-based alternatives. This study compares diet quality (intakes of protein, saturated fatty acids, sugar, fiber, and micronutrients) and nutritional status (prevalence of low holotranscobalamin and ferritin levels) among different dietary patterns: 22.5% vegans, 46.5% vegetarians, 31% omnivores in 142 first-year college students (20 ± 1.6 years, BMI 21.9 ± 3.1 kg/m², 83% female). Intakes of vitamin B12, folate, iron, zinc, and calcium were on average below reference values, especially in vegans and vegetarians. However, the prevalence of low holotranscobalamin and ferritin levels did not differ between the dietary groups, presumably due to supplementation. Irrespective of the diet, UPF contributed to 49% of daily energy intake. UPF exhibited a lower content of protein, fiber, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, folate, zinc and calcium compared to processed foods (all p < 0.001). Plant-based alternatives contained more fiber and less saturated fatty acids whereas the content of protein and micronutrients was lower compared with animal products (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, UPF consumption contributes to the inadequate intake of many micronutrients by young adults. This is further aggravated by plant-forward eating patterns including the consumption of plant-based alternatives.
The corpus callosum in people with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Authors: Luders Eileen , Spencer Debra , Dale Caitlin , Hughes Ieuan A. , Thankamony Ajay , Srirangalingam Umasuthan , Gleeson Helena , Simpson Helen , Hines Melissa , Kurth Florian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands. CAH manifests in abnormal levels of cortisol and androgens and is accompanied by white matter alterations. However, no CAH study has specifically targeted the corpus callosum, the brain’s largest white matter fiber tract. To bridge that gap in the literature, we investigated callosal morphology in 53 individuals with CAH and 53 matched controls (66 women, 40 men). In addition to calculating areas for seven callosal subsections, we estimated the callosal thickness at 100 equidistant points. All statistical analyses were conducted while co-varying for age and total brain volume and applying corrections for multiple comparisons. There were no significant effects of biological sex and no significant group-by-sex interactions. However, there was a significant effect of group, both for area measures and thickness estimates, indicating smaller dimensions within the callosal splenium and isthmus in people with CAH. Our findings corroborate previous studies highlighting white matter alterations in CAH and may suggest that callosal integrity is compromised due to potentially adverse effects of glucocorticoids, a standard treatment for both men and women with CAH.
ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiling of interphases and coatings on lithium metal surfaces
Authors: Mense Maximilian , Bela Marlena M. , Kühn Sebastian P. , Cekic-Laskovic Isidora , Börner Markus , Wiemers-Meyer Simon , Winter Martin , Nowak Sascha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Lithium metal as a negative electrode material offers ten times the specific capacity of graphitic electrodes, but its rechargeable operation poses challenges like excessive and continuous interphase formation, high surface area lithium deposits and safety issues. Improving the lithium | electrolyte interface and interphase requires powerful surface analysis techniques, such as ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiling.This study investigates lithium metal sections with an SEI layer by ToF-SIMS using different sputter ions. An optimal sputter ion is chosen based on the measured ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiles and SEM analysis of the surface damage. Further, this method is adapted to lithium metal foil with an intermetallic coating. ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiles in both polarities provide comprehensive insights into the coating structure. Both investigations highlight the value of ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiling in lithium metal battery research and offer guidance for future studies.
Effectiveness of the world network of biosphere reserves in maintaining forest ecosystem functions
Authors: Gohr Charlotte , von Wehrden Henrik , Saatchi Sassan , Pettorelli Nathalie , Ibisch Pierre L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
UNESCO biosphere reserves serve as learning areas for sustainable development, where preserving ecosystem functionality is an imperative. However, this critical assumption has yet to be thoroughly examined. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated differences in satellite-derived proxies of ecosystem functions in forests between inside and surrounding areas of biosphere reserves, globally. Our findings based on linear mixed effect models show that (i) only 18 of 119 biosphere reserves exhibited higher values for all forest ecosystem function proxies inside the reserves compared to outside, (ii) smaller reserves in fragmented forestscapes were more affected by hot day temperatures, and (iii) greater forest cover correlated with increased ecosystem functioning across all biomes. This study underscores the potential significance of biosphere reserves to biodiversity conservation efforts and the need for the integration of satellite-based, outcome-oriented proxies of ecosystem functions in assessments of protected area effectiveness.
A novel electrochemical Hofmann-type rearrangement enables facile access to α-oxoisocyanates for the synthesis of N-carbamoylacetamides
Authors: Zhao Xinxin , Wang Jian , Guo Dabo , Liu Wenmin , Yu Yongqi , Li Wenguang , Li Ting , Chen Ming 
Published: February 2025

A novel electrochemical Hofmann-type rearrangement to convert α-oxoamides into α-oxoisocyanates that are compatible with various N, O-based nucleophiles to access N-carbamoylacetamides and N-acylcarbamates.
Persistent subclinical renal injury in female rats following renal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Moronge Desmond , Godley Hannah , Ayulo Victor , Mellott Elisabeth , Elgazzaz Mona , Cooper Gibson , Mohamed Riyaz , Ogbi Safia , Gillis Ellen , Faulkner Jessica L. , Sullivan Jennifer C. 
Published: February 2025

The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) continues to rise in both men and women. Although creatinine levels return to normal quicker in females following AKI than in males, it remains unclear whether subclinical renal injury persists in young females post-AKI. This study tested the hypothesis that AKI results in subclinical renal injury in females despite plasma creatinine returning to sham levels. For the present study, 12–13-week-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized to sham or 45-minute warm bilateral ischemia-reperfusion surgery as an experimental model of ischemic AKI. Rats were euthanized 1, 3, 7, 14, or 30 days post-AKI/sham. Plasma creatinine, cystatin C, kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), and NGAL were quantified via assay kits or immunoblotting. Kidneys were processed for histological analysis to assess tubular injury and fibrosis, and for electron microscopy to examine mitochondrial morphology. Immunoblots on kidney homogenates were performed to determine oxidative stress and apoptosis. Plasma creatinine levels were increased 24 hours post-AKI but returned to sham control levels three days post-AKI. However, cystatin C, KIM-1, and NGAL were increased 30 days post-AKI compared with sham. Tubular injury, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction were all increased in 30-day post-AKI rats compared with sham. Additionally, 30-day post-AKI rats had higher p-JNK expression and lower antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels compared with sham. AKI resulted in higher expression of cleaved caspase 3, TUNEL+ cells, and caspase 9 than sham.
Despite the normalization of creatinine levels, our data support the hypothesis that subclinical renal injury persists following ischemia-reperfusion injury in young female rats.
Muscle-to-bone and soft tissue-to-bone ratios in track and field
athletes
Authors: Westerberg Hannah , Stanforth Philip R. , Carbuhn Aaron , Bosch Tyler , Dengel Donald R 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the muscle-to-bone (MBR) and soft
tissue-to-bone ratios (SBR) of 459 track and field athletes across event groups
to identify differences in MBR and SBR. Dual X-ray absorptiometry provided total
and regional (i.e., arm, leg, trunk) lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), and bone
mineral content (BMC). MBR was calculated by dividing LM by BMC. The SBR was
calculated by dividing LM+FM by BMC. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare
ratios across event groups. Dunn’s post-hoc tests were utilized to adjust for
multiple comparisons. Total MBR for females was higher in the throwers compared
to the multievent athletes (p=0.02). For the males, total MBR was lower in
jumpers compared to all events except pole vaulters (PV) (p<0.05). Trunk MBR
was higher in the long-distance runners (LD) compared to jumpers, PV, and
throwers (p<0.05). The throwers had higher total, arm, and leg SBRs compared
to the jumpers, LD, middle distance, PV, and sprint groups (p<0.05).
Significant differences in total and regional MBR and SBR were identified across
event groups for both sexes, and may indicate event-specific adaptations
impacting the balance between soft tissue and bone.