bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Giant Cell Granuloma of the Mandible and Maxilla; A Clinicopathological Study of 21 cases
Authors: Lazim Ahmed F , Gupta Sakshi Fnu , Mallikarjuna Vinay Sakaleshpura , Proca Daniela , Kuklani Riya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is an intraosseous, locally invasive, rare non- neoplastic lesion. Histologically, CGCG is characterized by aggregates of multinucleated giant cells, in a background of hemorrhage and reactive fibrous tissue, infiltrating between the eroded bone trabeculae. As an idiopathic non- neoplastic proliferative lesion, CGCG was first described by Jaffe in 1953. Although intraosseous hemorrhages or trauma are possible mechanisms, still the lesion is of unknown histogenesis and etiology. The mandible is a common location of involvement, and CGCG manifest as unilocular or multilocular radiolucent lesion on X rays. Children and young adults are the population most affected, with slight female preponderance.
Methods and Materials:
A total of 21 cases of CGCG were diagnosed at the oral pathology/pathology department in Temple University Hospital from 2015–2022. All the cases were evaluated retrospectively by studying the following parameters, age, gender, symptoms, radiographic findings, clinical differential diagnosis and the histological confirmation of the cases as central giant cell granulomas. X- Ray of the mandible and maxilla were the main radiographic technique utilized to help establishing the diagnosis. The paraffin embedded tissue was cut at 5um thickness sections and stained by routine H&E stain. No special histochemical or immunohistochemical stains were used.
Results
Of the total of 21 cases, nine were males and eleven were females, while a single case was of unknown gender. Age range was 15–76 years, with a mean of 50 years. The mandible was the most common location of involvement (17; 81%), and maxilla was affected less commonly (4 cases; 19%). Many of the CGCG lesions were asymptomatic (13; 62%); eight cases (38%) were symptomatic, and the main manifestations were pain, and fullness of the affected dental region. In a minority of cases, brown tumor (severe hyperparathyroidism) and odontogenic neoplasms, such as ameloblastoma, were suspected clinically and radiographically. The diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma with associated acute and chronic inflammation was confirmed in all the cases. Histological evaluation of the H&E-stained sections was the main diagnostic tool utilized. No special stains or molecular studies were required to establish the final diagnosis.
Discussion
We have concluded that CGCG is non-neoplastic, with aggressive or non-aggressive behavior, predominantly involving the mandible, with rare cases involving the maxilla. No confirmed association with neoplastic lesion was recognized. The lesions followed an indolent clinical course, and some were associated with impacted teeth. CGCG can mimic neoplastic conditions such as ameloblastoma or localized lesion associated with systemic disorders, for instance hyperparathyroidism (brown tumor).
Use of ClearGuard HD Caps in Pediatric Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Nau Amy , Richardson Troy , Cardwell Diana , Ehrlich Jennifer , Gattineni Jyothsna , Hanna Melisha , Keswani Mahima , Neu Alisha , Neibauer Emily , Nitz Kelly , Quigley Raymond , Rheault Michelle , Sims Rebekah , Woo Mayna , Warady Bradley A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a leading cause of hospitalizations and mortality among patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) therapy, especially those with a central venous catheter (CVC) for dialysis access. The use of chlorhexidine impregnated catheter caps (ClearGuard) has been associated with a decrease in the rate of HD catheter-related BSIs (CA-BSI) in adults; similar data have not been published in children.
Methods
We compared CA-BSI data from participating centers within the Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric Endstage Kidney Disease (SCOPE) collaborative based on the center’s use of ClearGuard caps for patients with HD catheter access. Centers were characterized as ClearGuard (CG) or non-ClearGuard (NCG) centers, with CA-BSI data pre and post CG implementation reviewed. All positive blood cultures in participating centers were reported to the SCOPE collaborative and adjudicated by an infectious disease physician.
Results
Data was available from 1,786 SCOPE enrollment forms completed January 2016-January 2022. January 2020 served as the implementation date for analyzing CG versus NCG center data, with this being the time when the last CG center underwent implementation. Post January 2020, there was a greater decrease in the rate of HD CA-BSI in CG centers versus NCG centers, with a decrease from 1.18 to 0.23 and 0.41 episodes per 100 patient months for the CG and NCG centers, respectively (P = 0.002).
Conclusion
Routine use of ClearGuard caps in pediatric dialysis centers was associated with a reduction of HD CA-BSI rates in pediatric HD patients.
Random Walk with Restart on multilayer networks: from node prioritisation to supervised link prediction and beyond
Authors: Baptista Anthony , Briere Galadriel , Baudot Anais 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Biological networks have proven invaluable ability for representing biological knowledge. Multilayer networks, which gather different types of nodes and edges in multiplex, heterogeneous and bipartite networks, provide a natural way to integrate diverse and multi-scale data sources into a common framework. Recently, we developed MultiXrank, a Random Walk with Restart algorithm able to explore such multilayer networks. MultiXrank outputs scores reflecting the proximity between an initial set of seed node(s) and all the other nodes in the multilayer network. We illustrate here the versatility of bioinformatics tasks that can be performed using MultiXrank.
Results: We first show that MultiXrank can be used to prioritise genes and drugs of interest by exploring multilayer networks containing interactions between genes, drugs, and diseases. In a second study, we illustrate how MultiXrank scores can also be used in a supervised strategy to train a binary classifier to predict gene-disease associations. The classifier performance are validated using outdated and novel gene-disease association for training and evaluation, respectively. Finally, we show that MultiXrank scores can be used to compute diffusion profiles and use them as disease signatures. We computed the diffusion profiles of more than 100 immune diseases using a multilayer network that includes cell-type specific genomic information. The clustering of the immune disease diffusion profiles reveals shared shared phenotypic characteristics.
Conclusion: Overall, we illustrate here diverse applications of MultiXrank to showcase its versatility. We expect that this can lead to further and broader bioinformatics applications.
Smart Bandages with Integrated Sensors for Real-Time Monitoring of Wound Inflammation and Infection
Authors: Kadhim Ahmed C. , Azzahrani Ahmad S. , Alsheikhy Ahmed A. , Resen Dheyaa A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Developing fiber bragg grating fiber optic sensors for smart bandages offers significant advantages and has the potential to reform wound care. Smart bandages with FBG enable real-time monitoring of vital wound parameters such as temperature, moisture, and pressure and provide an accurate representation of the wound environment, allowing for immediate intervention if any wound bed complications. Therefore, integrating fiber optic sensors in smart bandages to enhance wound care and monitoring capabilities. It can be embedded directly into the bandage material, allowing for precise and localized measurements at the wound bed. This accuracy is crucial for assessing the healing progress and identifying potential issues. The suggested fiber optic sensor consists of a thin layer of gold coated onto the fiber bragg gratings. The cladding of the FBGs was etched to a thickness of 20µm to optimize the interaction with the chronic wound environment. To enhance the sensing capabilities, the sensing FBG was coated with a 50nm thick layer of gold. The system is configured to monitor changes in the reflected frequencies of the sensing FBG in response to temperature variations in the structure of the FBG in the wound bed. The response of the proposed noninvasive fiber optic sensor as a function of temperature variations within the range of 37.3 to 37.9°C is approximately 34.95 pm/°C. The sensitivity of the generated beat frequency is 4.37GHz, and the variations in the beat frequency as the temperature changes, provide valuable insights into the sensor’s response. FBG with high precision can be feasible for smart bandages and represents a significant advancement in the field of wound care. The use of these sensors supports transforming traditional bandages into intelligent and proactive healthcare solutions.
Single-crystal elasticity of humite-group minerals by Brillouin scattering
Authors: Zhang Qingchun , Zhang Xinyue , Li Luo , Mao Zhu , Wu Xiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Humite-group minerals play a crucial role in transporting water and fluorine to the Earth’s deep mantle through slab sinking. In this study, we have used Brillouin scattering to determine the single-crystal elastic constants of four natural humite-group minerals with varying H2O and fluorite contents under ambient conditions, including one chondrodite [Mg4.88Si1.94O8(OH0.78F1.22)] (F61-Chn), one humite [Mg7.03Si3.07O12(OH1.26F0.74)] (F37-Hu), and two clinohumite [Mg8.85Ti0.19Si3.93O16(OH1.11F0.89) and Mg8.63Fe0.10Ti0.24Si3.97O16(OH1.84F0.16)] (F45-Chu and F8-Chu) samples. The adiabatic bulk (KS0) and shear (G0) moduli calculated from the elastic constants using Voigt-Reuss-Hill averages are: KS0 = 120.4(3) GPa and G0 = 74.1(5) GPa for F61-Chn, KS0 = 122.4(3) GPa and G0 = 78.4(2) GPa for F37-Hu, KS0 = 126.2(3) GPa and G0 = 79.7(2) GPa for F45-Chu, and KS0 = 120.5(3) GPa and G0 = 76.8(2) GPa for F8-Chu. Our results indicate that the addition of F leads to a noticeable increase in the elasticity of clinohumite and chondrodite, which is in contrast to the effect of H2O. Although Fe has a negligible effect on the bulk modulus of clinohumite, it can produce a substantial decrease in the shear modulus. These results provide important insights into the influence of humite-group minerals on the mantle velocity structure. Furthermore, we have investigated the effects of composition on the elasticity and sound velocities of minerals along the forsterite-brucite join in the MgO-SiO2-H2O system, confirming previous observations. Increasing H2O content along the forsterite-brucite join leads to apparent reductions in the elasticity and sound velocities. The influence of Fe on the elasticity and sound velocities of these minerals has also been evaluated.
Effect of handwashing on the reduction of Escherichia coli on children's hands in an urban slum Indonesia
Authors: Rifqi Mahmud Aditya , Hamidah Umi , Sintawardani Neni , Harada Hidenori , Nyambe Sikopo , Sai Akira , Yamauchi Taro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Poor hand hygiene practice has been linked to an increase in the number of infections among children in urban slums. Hands are considered an intersection for bacterial transmission, but it is unclear whether the handwashing technique affects bacteria elimination. This study investigated the effect of handwashing on the concentration of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and factors related to its reduction among children in an urban slum in Bandung, Indonesia. We observed handwashing and conducted repeated hand swabs before and after handwashing among 137 participants. The mean E. coli concentration on the hands decreased after handwashing, with a higher reduction in E. coli count among students who used soap and had soap contact for more than 10 s during handwashing. Cleaning in-between fingers, using soap, soap contact for more than 10 s, and drying hands with a single-use towel were effective factors for reducing E. coli concentration after handwashing (p &lt; 0.05). More than half of the swab samples (59%) tested positive for E. coli after handwashing, indicating that the children's handwashing technique was not effective in completely removing E. coli from the hands. Moreover, sustained and consistent handwashing practice as a daily behavior in children would maximize the effect.
The Role of the Vagus Nerve in the Microbiome and Digestive System in Relation to Epilepsy
Authors: Rubio Carmen , Ochoa Ernesto , Gatica Fernando , Portilla Alonso , Vázquez David , Rubio-Osornio Moisés 
Published: October 2023

:
The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) is described as a division of the Peripheral
Nervous System (PNS), located within the gut wall and it is formed by two main
plexuses: the myenteric plexus (Auerbach's) and the submucosal plexus (Meissner's).
The contribution of the ENS to the pathophysiology of various neurological diseases
such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease has been described in the literature, while
some other studies have found a connection between epilepsy and the gastrointestinal
tract. The above could be explained by cholinergic neurons and neurotransmission systems
in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, regulating the vagal excitability effect.
It is also understandable, as the discharges arising in the amygdala are transmitted to the
intestine through projections the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, giving rise to efferent
fibers that stimulate the gastrointestinal tract and consequently the symptoms at this
level. Therefore, this review's main objective is to argue in favor of the existing relationship
of the ENS with the Central Nervous System (CNS) as a facilitator of epileptogenic
or ictogenic mechanisms. The gut microbiota also participates in this interaction; however,
it depends on many individual factors of each human being. The link between the
ENS and the CNS is a poorly studied epileptogenic site with a big impact on one of the
most prevalent neurological conditions such as epilepsy.
Identifying NFKB1, STAT3, and CDKN1A as Baicalein’s Potential Hub Targets
in Parkinson’s Disease-related α-synuclein-mediated Pathways by Integrated
Bioinformatics Strategies
Authors: Li Xingjian , Deng Qiyin , Kuang Yaoyun , Mao Hengxu , Yao Meiling , Lin Changsong , Luo Xiaodong , Xu Pingyi 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The overexpression, accumulation, and cell-to-cell transmission of α-synuclein leads
to the deterioration of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Previous studies suggest that Baicalein (BAI) can bind to
α-synuclein and inhibit α-synuclein aggregation and secretion. However, it is still unclear whether BAI can
intervene with the pathogenic molecules in α-synuclein-mediated PD pathways besides targeting α-synuclein
per se.

Methods:
This study aimed to systematically investigate BAI’s potential targets in PD-related A53T mutant
α-synuclein-mediated pathways by integrating data mining, network pharmacological analysis, and molecular
docking simulation techniques.

Results:
The results suggest that BAI may target genes that are dysregulated in synaptic transmission, vesicle
trafficking, gene transcription, protein binding, extracellular matrix formation, and kinase activity in
α-synuclein-mediated pathways. NFKB1, STAT3, and CDKN1A are BAI’s potential hub targets in these pathways.

Conclusion:
Our study provides clues for future anti-PD drug development.
Effect and Mechanisms of Huangqi-Shanzhuyu in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy based on Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Experiments
Authors: Han Yu , Wei Shufei , Liu Chao , Nie Ying , Yuan Shizhao , Ma Yinghua , Zhao Yile , Zhang Guying 
Published: October 2023

Background::
Huangqi-Shanzhuyu (HS), a classic combination of Chinese herbal
formulae, has been widely used for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, its
pharmacological mechanism of action is still unclear.

Methods::
The active ingredients of HS and their potential targets were identified through the
Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP)
and the DN-related targets were determined from GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in
Man (OMIM), PharmGkb, and Therapeutic Target Database (TTD). The Cytoscape software
was used to construct a herb-disease-target network and screen core genes. STRING was employed
to generate a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia
of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to predict the
mechanism of action of HS in DN. Animal experiments and molecular docking were used to verify
the potential mechanism.

Results::
In total, 40 active ingredients and 180 effective targets of HS in DN were identified and
1115 DN-related targets were retrieved. From the PPI network, VEGFA, AKT1, IL6, IL1B,
TP53, MMP9, PTGS2, CASP3, EGF and EGFR were identified as core genes. The anti-DN
mechanism mainly involved multiple signaling pathways such as AGEs-RAGE. Animal experiments
and molecular docking analysis confirmed that HS downregulated the expression of IL-1
and IL-6 via kaempferol-mediated inhibition of JNK1 phosphorylation.

Conclusions::
HS exhibits a therapeutic effect in DN through its multiple ingredients that act on
several targets and multiple signaling pathways, including AGEs-RAGE.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction in
the Treatment of Chronic Gastritis
Authors: Sun Zheyu , Deng Haiyan , Liu Yuna , Zhang Jing , Xu Chunfeng 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Chronic gastritis (CG) is characterized by inflammation of the gastric
mucosa, which can progress to atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia. Xiangsha
Liujunzi Decoction (XSLJZD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine prescription commonly
used to treat digestive system diseases, is widely used to treat CG. Therefore, it is necessary to
systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of XSLJZD in the treatment of CG.

Methods:
Chinese and English databases were searched, and randomized controlled trials of
XSLJZD for the treatment of CG were collected from the establishment of the databases to December
28, 2022. Studies were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodological
quality of the included studies was assessed using the risk-of-bias assessment tool in
the Cochrane Handbook. Data from the included studies were extracted, and a meta-analysis was
performed using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 15.1. Finally, funnel plots and Egger's tests were
used to assess publication bias.

Results:
Fourteen studies with a sample size of 1434 cases. XSLJZD has more advantages than
conventional treatment in the treatment of CG, as it can improve the clinical cure rate, clinical
efficacy rate, efficacy rate of endoscopic examination, recurrence rate, and TCM symptom
scores, and is relatively safe. Funnel plots and Egger's tests indicated publication bias in the
included studies.

Conclusion:
The results of the meta-analysis showed that XSLJZD has advantages in treating
CG compared with conventional treatment and is relatively safe. However, owing to the limitations
in the quality and quantity of the included studies, caution is recommended when generalizing
and applying these results. Further high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Sida cordifolia L.: Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Phytonanotechnology, and Commercial Application
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Kumar Sandeep , Vishnoi Vineet Kumar , Kumar Pradeep , Maheshwari Dinesh Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Background:After a period of prolonged indifference, where synthetic drugs were preferred, interest in the biological aspects and bioactive ingredients of plants accountable for therapeutic potential has been explored eminently. Sida cordifolia L. is a perennial herb that has been widely utilized in Indian (Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha), American, and Chinese folk medicine and herbalism practice for curing a wide range of ailments in human beings.Objective:The goal of this review is to elucidate indigenous knowledge parallelly with the pharmacotherapeutics potential of Sida cordifolia L. against various diseases. It is also intended to display pertinent information related to nanoparticle profiling.Methods:In the current comprehensive study, web-based searches were performed by using several databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, Science Direct, and Scopus, to figure out relevant research work and data published in academic journals from 1930 to July, 2023 using single or combination of keywords listed herewith.Results:More than 50 chemical constituents, including quinazoline and phenethylamine alkaloids, flavones, flavonol, phytosterol, fatty acids, etc., were reported to be found in different parts of healthy plants. Apart from traditional claims and pharmacological aspects, several marketed herbal formulations and granted patents were also described.Conclusion:Several in-vitro and in-vivo studies validated the usage of S. cordifolia as antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, anthelmintic, anticancer, antiulcer, cardioprotective, hypoglycemic, etc. agent. Few patents are also related to S. cordifolia, and more research work needs to be carried out for its potential granted to use as an antiviral agent and other new drug discovery molecules.
Current Updates on the Role of MicroRNA in the Diagnosis and
Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Saleem Ammara , Javed Maira , Furqan Akhtar Muhammad , Sharif Ali , Akhtar Bushra , Naveed Muhammad , Saleem Uzma , Ashraf Baig Mirza Muhammad Faran , Zubair Hafiz Muhammad , Bin Emran Talha , Saleem Mohammad , Ashraf Ghulam Md 
Published: October 2023

Background:
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs that play a significant
role in the regulation of gene expression. The literature has explored the key involvement of miRNAs
in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases (NDD),
such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD). The
miRNA regulates various signalling pathways; its dysregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of
NDD.

Objective:
The present review is focused on the involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of
NDD and their role in the treatment or management of NDD. The literature provides comprehensive
and cutting-edge knowledge for students studying neurology, researchers, clinical psychologists,
practitioners, pathologists, and drug development agencies to comprehend the role of miRNAs
in the NDD’s pathogenesis, regulation of various genes/signalling pathways, such as α-synuclein,
P53, amyloid-β, high mobility group protein (HMGB1), and IL-1β, NMDA receptor signalling,
cholinergic signalling, etc.

Methods:
The issues associated with using anti-miRNA therapy are also summarized in this review.
The data for this literature were extracted and summarized using various search engines,
such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, and NCBI using different terms, such as NDD, PD,
AD, HD, nanoformulations of mRNA, and role of miRNA in diagnosis and treatment.

Results:
The miRNAs control various biological actions, such as neuronal differentiation, synaptic
plasticity, cytoprotection, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and chaperone-mediated
autophagy, and neurite growth in the central nervous system and diagnosis. Various miRNAs
are involved in the regulation of protein aggregation in PD and modulating β-secretase activity in
AD. In HD, mutation in the huntingtin (Htt) protein interferes with Ago1 and Ago2, thus affecting
the miRNA biogenesis. Currently, many anti-sense technologies are in the research phase for either
inhibiting or promoting the activity of miRNA.

Conclusion:
This review provides new therapeutic approaches and novel biomarkers for the diagnosis
and prognosis of NDDs by using miRNA.