bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Assay in Patients with Graves’ Disease for Prediction of Postoperative Tetany
Authors: Moriyama Taiki , Yamashita Hiroyuki , Noguchi Shiro , Takamatsu Yuji , Ogawa Takahiro , Watanabe Shin , Uchino Shinya , Ohshima Akira , Kuroki Syoji , Tanaka Masao 
Published: September 2005

AbstractWe measured intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) levels before and after thyroidectomy in a large group of patients to test whether changes in IOPTH can predict postoperative tetany. Subjects were 111 consecutive patients (94 females and 17 males) with Graves’ disease undergoing subtotal thyroidectomy. Blood samples for IOPTH assay were obtained after anesthesia (basal) and following skin closure (postoperative). Data were compared between patients who developed tetany (n = 9) and those who did not (n = 102). There was no significant difference in sex, age, period of antithyroid drug administration, or the weight of the thyroid between the two groups. The preoperative serum calcium level was significantly lower (p < 0.05) and the basal IOPTH significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the tetany group than in the non‐tetany group. The IOPTH level was significantly lower (p < 0.005) and the average percent decrease in IOPTH levels was higher (p < 0.001) in the tetany group than in the non‐tetany group. A decrease in IOPTH of more than 70% was shown to be 78% sensitive, 94% specific, and 93% accurate, and it has 78% positive predictive value and 94% negative predictive value for the development of tetany. Our study shows that a postoperative decrease of IOPTH level is the most predictive of postoperative tetany of the clinical risk factors investigated. We recommend IOPTH measurement as an adjunct to postoperative management of patients with Graves’ disease to assist in preventing hypocalcemia and determining the earliest time for safe discharge.
Successful pregnancy outcome in a patient with Fabry disease receiving enzyme replacement therapy with agalsidase alfa
Authors: Wendt S. , Whybra C. , Kampmann C. , Teichmann E. , Beck M. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryFabry disease is an inherited lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of α‐galactosidase A. Enzyme replacement therapy for this multisystem progressive disease has been available only since 2001. We here report the first known successful pregnancy of a female patient receiving such therapy.
mtDNA single macrodeletions associated with myopathies: Absence of haplogroup‐related increased risk
Authors: Goios A. , Nogueira C. , Pereira C. , Vilarinho L. , Amorim A. , Pereira L. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryAs for any non‐recombining genome, any mutation at mtDNA, if not recurrent, appears on a particular haplotype background, allowing its detection by haplogroup association studies. It has been shown that the propensity for occurrence of single macrodeletions at a level beyond the pathological threshold is associated with super‐haplogroup U/K. However, in this report, we present evidence for the absence of preferential haplogroup backgrounds for single macrodeletions. We have analysed how haplogroup diagnostic polymorphisms could disrupt direct repeats usually flanking the deleted segment, and we have concluded that for the Common Deletion, no such polymorphisms are observed in humans, but they do occur in other primates. Furthermore, we also report five new single macrodeletions.
Bone marrow transplantation correcting β‐galactosidase activity does not influence neurological outcome in juvenile GM1‐gangliosidosis
Authors: Shield J. P. H. , Stone J. , Steward C. G. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryDonor bone marrow engraftment, which resulted in complete normalization of white cell β‐galactosidase levels in a patient with presymptomatic juvenile onset GM1‐gangliosidosis (McKusick 230600), did not improve long‐term clinical outcome.
Hereditary coproporphyria: Comparison of molecular and biochemical investigations in a large family
Authors: Allen K. R. , Whatley S. D. , Degg T. J. , Barth J. H. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryHereditary coproporphyria (HCP) is the least common of the three autosomal dominant acute porphyrias. To compare the sensitivity of metabolite measurements for the identification of asymptomatic HCP, we carried out a molecular and biochemical investigation of a large family in which HCP is caused by a previously unreported frameshift mutation (c.119delA). Thirteen of 19 asymptomatic family members, aged 10–72 years, were shown by mutational analysis to have HCP. The faecal coproporphyrin isomer III:I ratio was increased in all of these 13 family members; faecal total porphyrin concentration and urinary porphyrin excretion were increased in 11 and 8 of them, respectively. Plasma porphyrin concentrations were marginally increased in three individuals and plasma fluorescence emission scanning showed a porphyrin peak at 618 nm in two of these. Our results add to the evidence that an increased faecal porphyrin coproporphyrin III:I ratio is a highly sensitive test for the detection of clinically latent HCP in individuals over the age of 10 years; its sensitivity below this age remains uncertain. They also show that plasma fluorescence emission scanning is not useful for the investigation of families with HCP.
New haplotype for the Glu104Asp mutation in triose‐phosphate isomerase deficiency and prenatal diagnosis in a Spanish family
Authors: Repiso A. , Corrons J. L. Vives , Vulliamy T. , Killeen N. , Layton M. , Carreras J. , Climent F. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryFirst‐trimester prenatal diagnosis was undertaken by chorionic villus DNA analysis in a Spanish family with the inherited Glu104Asp triose‐phosphate isomerase deficiency. The fetus was heterozygous for the mutation and therefore predicted to be clinically unaffected. To investigate the evolutionary origin of this mutation, studies were conducted on the intragenic 2262A/G polymorphism and the CD4 pentameric tandem repeat marker. A different haplotype was found to the one previously described, suggesting a different origin of the Spanish mutation.
In vivo evidence for an increase in 5alpha‐reductase activity in the rat central nervous system following morphine exposure
Authors: Amini Hossein , Ahmadiani Abolhassan 
Published: September 2005

AbstractIn the present study, the effects of acute and chronic morphine exposure on testosterone concentrations in the central nervous system (CNS) and serum were investigated in rats. Acute morphine administration (5 mg/kg, sc) reduced significantly testosterone levels in serum and spinal cord but not in the brain. Following chronic morphine administration (orally for 21 days), the brain testosterone was also significantly reduced as well as serum and spinal cord. Since, the decrease in testosterone levels following morphine exposure was more obvious in the CNS than serum, we suggested that it cannot be caused by only a direct decline in testosterone levels in periphery, and an increased local metabolism of testosterone in the CNS might be attributed in these effects. This hypothesis was supported with the findings that pretreatment with finasteride, a 5alpha‐reductase inhibitor (5 mg/kg, sc) blocked testosterone elimination from the CNS following morphine exposure. Moreover, the serum concentration of 5alpha‐reduced metabolites of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and 3alpha‐diol glucuronide was increased significantly following chronic morphine exposure, but not after co‐treatment with finasteride. These results suggest that morphine exposure increase the CNS activity of 5alpha‐reductase, which is an important metabolizing enzyme for testosterone.
NGF and IL‐1β are co‐localized in the developing nervous system of the frog, Xenopus laevis
Authors: Jelaso Anna M. , DeLong Cari 
Published: September 2005

AbstractNGF, a neurotrophic factor best known for its role in promoting cell survival, regulates many neurodevelopmental processes, including synaptic plasticity, neurite outgrowth and programmed cell death. Although there is a large amount of data regarding NGF in the developing nervous system of many species, there is little known about its regulation and role in the frog, Xenopus laevis. In this report, immunocytochemistry was used to characterize NGF protein expression in developing tadpoles. Protein expression was analyzed in tadpoles from stage 44/45 through stage 50, a period of development characterized by extensive neurite outgrowth, neuronal differentiation and an initial period of programmed cell death. Similar to other species, NGF was expressed in sensory cells and tissues, including the inner ear, eye, olfactory system, lateral line organs, papillae in the oral cavity, and gills tufts. In addition, NGF was expressed in specific cells in the central nervous system, cranial and dorsal root ganglia, spinal sensory and motoneurons, and muscle tissues in the tail and body cavity.In the mammalian nervous system, the cytokine, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) induces expression of NGF. In this report, double‐label immunocytochemistry was used to determine the relationship between NGF and IL‐1β. Results showed most cell types and/or tissues that expressed NGF also expressed IL‐1β. However, NGF was typically associated with cellular and nuclear membranes, whereas IL‐1β appeared in the cytoplasm and nucleolus. The nuclear localization of IL‐1β supports the idea that it regulates gene transcription in the frog. The appearance of NGF and IL‐1β in the same cells suggests they may interact to influence neural development.
The Role of Atypical Bacteria in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Lee Raymond E. , Kaza Sarita , Plano Gregory V. , Casiano Roy R. 
Published: September 2005

OBJECTIVEThis study examines the presence of atypical bacteria in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) by utilizing the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGEleven patients with CRS were prospectively enrolled. DNA was isolated from the mucosa samples and subjected to PCR using oligonucleotides specific for identification of atypical bacteria including: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila. Also, routine aerobic and anerobic cultures were processed. Sinus tissue samples from 6 fresh corpses without evident sinus disease served as controls.RESULTSNo atypical bacteria were identified in the 11 patient samples by PCR. One of 6 cadaver controls was positive by PCR for M pneumoniae. The most common organism obtained from routine culture was coagulase negative staphylococci.CONCLUSIONUsing sensitive PCR techniques, CRS mucosa did not reveal DNA from M pneumoniae, C pneumoniae, or L pneumophila.SIGNIFICANCEAtypical bacteria were not identified in patients with CRS despite highly effective PCR methods and they may not play a significant role in the cause of CRS.
A Comparison of Negative‐Pressure Dressings Versus Bolster and Splinting of the Radial Forearm Donor Site
Authors: Vidrine D. Macy , Kaler Steven , Rosenthal Eben L. 
Published: September 2005

OBJECTIVENegative‐pressure dressings (NPDs) have been reported to improve split‐thickness skin graft survival in some settings; we assessed whether NPDs could improve skin graft results in radial forearm donor sites.METHODSBetween October 2003 and November 2004, 45 radial forearm donor sites underwent split‐thickness skin graft immobilization either with conventional bolster dressing and splint or with an NPD. Split‐thickness skin graft take was recorded at 1 and 4 weeks postoperatively.RESULTSOverall split‐thickness skin graft healing was improved in the NPD group (92%) compared with the case of conventional splinting (81%) at 4 weeks (P =. 10). The rate of major graft loss was less in NPDs (10%) compared with the case of conventional management (28%) after 4 weeks (P =. 06).CONCLUSIONSSplit‐thickness skin graft survival was significantly improved by the use of NPDs. Because the use of NPDs is expensive, we consider their use only in patients with potential wound‐healing problems, when there is a need to monitor the hand, or when immediate postoperative hand immobilization might impede the patient's recovery.
New Endoscopic Instruments for Paranasal Sinus Surgery
Authors: Bumm Klaus , Wurm Jochen , Bohr Christopher , Zenk Johannes , Iro Heinrich 
Published: September 2005

BACKGROUNDMinimally invasive endoscopic and microscopic procedures represent state of the art paranasal sinus surgery techniques in both diagnostic and surgical fields. To combine favorable aspects of both techniques, we evaluated the clinical applicability and effectiveness of multifunctional microendoscopes, providing multiple features to ensure highest accuracy and surveillance when performing crucial steps in paranasal sinus surgery.METHODSThe study included both anatomic experiments on cadaveric heads and clinical tests on patients undergoing routine paranasal surgery. The systems applicability was evaluated in procedures approaching the frontal and sphenoid sinus. Three different endoscopes, 2 straight and the other 1 with a 90° angle, were tested. They integrate canals for flushing and suction and a working canal for either drilling or obtaining biopsies with a miniaturized forceps. For stereotactic feedback, the applicability in combination with a computer‐navigation system was evaluated.RESULTSAnatomic tests were performed to optimize illumination and to test drilling features and forceps biopsies. In all cases, the frontal sinus ostium and the sphenoid sinus anterior wall was easily identified and enlarged by drilling under visual and stereotactic control. Continuous suction and irrigation ensured a constant visual surveillance by removing drilling debris and blood. Best suited for multifunctional endoscopic surgery were drill heads with a cylinder shape, for placing bore holes along the Z axis, and spherical drill heads, for furbishing and enlarging drill holes.CONCLUSIONThese new instruments have proven their applicability in paranasal sinus surgery. Multifunctional endoscopic procedures were deemed best suited for maneuvers requiring highest precision, such as the surgery of the frontal and sphenoid sinus.
Anatomic Changes After Hyoid Suspension for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An MRI Study
Authors: Stuck Boris A. , Neff Wolfgang , Hörmann Karl , Verse Thomas , Bran Gregor , Baisch Alexander , Düber Christoph , Maurer Joachim T. 
Published: September 2005

OBJECTIVETo assess the effects of isolated hyoid suspension on subjective and objective parameters of obstructive sleep apnea and to evaluate changes in upper airway anatomy with the help of standardized magnetic resonance imaging.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGFifteen patients received isolated hyoid suspension. Changes in respiratory disturbance index were assessed with polysomnography, and anatomical changes with standardized magnetic resonance imaging. Snoring, daytime sleepiness, and functional parameters were assessed with questionnaires. Lateral x‐ray cephalometry was performed preoperatively.RESULTSMean respiratory disturbance index was reduced from 35.2 ± 19.1 to 27.4 ± 26.2. Forty percent of the patients were classified as responders. Daytime sleepiness improved significantly. Relevant changes in upper airway anatomy could not be detected. There were no remarkable differences between responders and nonresponders in regard to imaging.CONCLUSIONSHyoid suspension is effective only in a subgroup of patients and does not lead to relevant changes in airway diameters in the awake patient. Magnetic resonance imaging and x‐ray cephalometry do not add additional information for patient selection.SIGNIFICANCEThe reported clinical effects of hyoid suspension are more likely due to functional changes in airway collapsibility than to an enlargement of the upper airway.
Reduction of absorbed dose in storage phosphor urography by significant lowering of tube voltage and adjustment of image display parameters
Authors: Wiltz H. J. , Petersen U. , Axelsson B. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose: To investigate whether image quality in storage phosphor urography can be maintained when the X‐ray tube voltage is significantly lowered to give a lower patient dose. Material and Methods: Initial phantom studies were used to establish exposure settings at 53 kV that gave signal‐to‐noise ratios for contrast media structures equivalent to those obtained at the reference kilovoltage of 69 kV. Dose area product and image quality, assessed by image quality criteria and visual grading, were then recorded for 44 patients drawn at random to be examined by either the standard or modified technique. Results: Absorbed dose could be reduced by more than 30% without any significant change in image quality in manually controlled exposures and by 13% in exposures controlled by AEC. Conclusion: It might be possible to lower the tube voltage in digital examinations involving contrast media as a means of lowering patient dose. The image display parameters need to be adjusted to maintain image quality.
Staging N0 oral cancer: lymphoscintigraphy and conventional imaging
Authors: Thomsen J. B. , Sørensen J. A. , Grupe P. , Karstoft J. , Krogdahl A. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose: To compare sentinel lymph node biopsy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Doppler ultrasonography, and palpation as staging tools in patients with T1/T2 N0 cancer of the oral cavity. Material and Methods: Forty consecutive patients were enrolled (17 F and 23 M, aged 32–90 years), 24 T1 and 16 T2 cN0 squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Palpation was carried out by two observers prior to inclusion. MRI, gray-scale and Doppler ultrasonography were performed. Lymphoscintigraphies were done after peritumoral injections of 99mTc labelled rheniumsulphide nanocolloid, followed by sentinel lymph node biopsy guided by a gamma probe and Patent Blue. Palpation, Doppler ultrasonography, MRI, and sentinel lymph node biopsy were compared to a combination of histopathology and follow-up. Diagnostic testing was performed using the x2 test. Results: Histopathological examination revealed metastatic spread to the neck in 14 of 40 patients. One patient had bilateral neck disease. Sentinel lymph node biopsy and ultrasonography were performed in 80 neck sides of 40 patients and MRI in 70 neck sides (5 patients were claustrophobic). SN revealed suspicious lymph nodes in 12 necks, ultrasonography in 23 necks, and MRI in 9 necks. The positive predictive value of sentinel lymph node biopsy was 100%, ultrasonography 57%, and MRI 56%. The respective negative predictive values were 96%, 96%, and 85%. The sensitivity of sentinel lymph node biopsy 80% was comparable to ultrasonography 87%, but the sensitivity of MRI 36% was low. The specificities were 100%, 85%, and 93%, respectively. By combined sentinel lymph node biopsy and ultrasonography the overall sensitivity could have been 100%. Conclusion: Sentinel lymph node biopsy improved staging of patients with small N0 oral cancers. Combined sentinel lymph node biopsy and Doppler ultrasonography may further improve staging. MRI and simple palpation results were poor.
Standardized volume-rendering of contrast-enhanced renal magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Smedby Ö. , Öberg R. , Åsberg B. , Stenström H. , Eriksson P. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose: To propose a technique for standardizing volume-rendering technique (VRT) protocols and to compare this with maximum intensity projection (MIP) in regard to image quality and diagnostic confidence in stenosis diagnosis with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Material and Methods: Twenty patients were examined with MRA under suspicion of renal artery stenosis. Using the histogram function in the volume-rendering software, the 95th and 99th percentiles of the 3D data set were identified and used to define the VRT transfer function. Two radiologists assessed the stenosis pathology and image quality from rotational sequences of MIP and VRT images. Results: Good overall agreement (mean κ = 0.72) was found between MIP and VRT diagnoses. The agreement between MIP and VRT was considerably better than that between observers (mean κ = 0.43). One of the observers judged VRT images as having higher image quality than MIP images. Conclusion: Presenting renal MRA images with VRT gave results in good agreement with MIP. With VRT protocols defined from the histogram of the image, the lack of an absolute gray scale in MRI need not be a major problem.
Cerebral fat embolism: diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging findings
Authors: Ryu C. W. , Lee D. H. , Kim T. K. , Kim S. J. , Kim H. S. , Lee J. H. , Choi C. G. , Suh D. C. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose: To demonstrate the diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and the follow-up MRI findings, of cerebral fat embolism in the acute stage.Material and Methods: The initial DWI and clinical findings of six patients with cerebral fat embolism were retrospectively evaluated. The finding of DWI with a b-value of 1000 s/mm2(b = 1000) was compared with that of DWI with a b-value of 0 s/mm2(b = 0). In three patients who underwent follow-up MRI, the interval change of the lesion on T2-weighted images was investigated.Results: The characteristic DWI finding of cerebral fat embolism in the acute stage was multiple, hyperintense, dot-like lesions disseminated in the brain. These lesions were distributed dominantly in the bilateral border-zone areas. Some lesions had an ancillary location including the cortex, deep white matter, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. The lesions were more intense and numerous in DWI (b = 1000) than in DWI (b = 0). The findings on the follow-up T2-weighted images were multiple confluent hyperintense lesions in the white matter with progression since the initial MRI.Conclusion: DWI could be a sensitive tool for detecting cerebral fat embolism in the acute phase. It is recommended that DWI be included in the initial evaluation of cerebral fat embolism with MRI.
Computed-tomography-guided punctures using a new guidance device
Authors: Magnusson A. , Radecka E. , Lönnemark M. , Raland H. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose: To evaluate a new adjunctive guidance device, a puncture guide, constructed to simplify computed tomography (CT)-guided punctures and to make the procedure more accurate and safe. Material and Methods: 17 patients referred for CT-guided punctures were included in the study. There were 10 thoracic and 7 abdominal or pelvic lesions with a mean maximum diameter of 29±18 mm. All punctures were performed using a laser guide combined with the new device. The needle guide created a streak artefact in the image, indicating the needle path. Results: The puncture was successful at the first attempt in 15 of the 17 patients. The artefact was visible in all patients, and in the majority there was a distinct artefact reaching from the entry point to the lesion. The deviation between the angle of the streak artefact and the final angle of the needle was 1.1°. Conclusion: The benefits of the puncture guide were the artefact pointing at the target, the needle support, and accuracy when performing CT-guided punctures.