bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Association between Computed Tomography Hounsfield Units and Cerebral Infarction Phases: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ali Babar , Amir Abdullah , Ago Jacob Leonard , Khalid Muhammad Ibtsam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and purpose: Cerebral infarction is a severe medical condition that requires accurate diagnosis and management and can be achieved with the used of computed tomography (CT). Hounsfield unit (HU) values measured on CT scans may provide essential information concerning the severity of cerebral infarction. This study investigated the association between the HU values and the severity (phase) of cerebral infarction.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to gather data from 102 patients over seven months (August 2023 to February 2024) at the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital after the study had been ethically approved by an institutional review board. HU measurements were made with standardized CT protocol on a 4-slice Toshiba equipment. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially to reveal the association between HU measurements and the severity of cerebral infarction (acute, sub-acute, and chronic phases). The inferential statistics included Bayesian ANOVA and one-way ANOVA, assuming significance at p≤0.05.
Results: The study found a significant association between the HU values and the severity of cerebral infarction (p<0.000), with the acute phase exhibiting higher mean values (HU=22.31), while the sub-acute and chronic phases followed with HU values of 14.63 and 7.04 respectively. There was a progressive decrease in HU values from the acute phase (HU range = 19 to 25) to the chronic phase (HU values <10).
Conclusion: This study identified a significant relationship between the CT phases and the HU values in cerebral infarction. The results show the clinical significance of HU values in potentially diagnosing and managing cerebral infarction. An understanding of the association between the HU measurements and CT phase may be useful in accurately evaluating cerebral infarctions and subsequently make informed decisions regarding patient management and treatment. The results also underscore the importance and potential of HU values in evaluating cerebral infarctions, providing a roadmap for improving patient outcomes in the diagnosis of cerebral infarctions with CT.
Towards a Food Secure Future under Changing Climate in Ghana: The Role of Opportunity Crops
Authors: MacCarthy Dilys S. , Adiku Samuel G. , Valdivia Roberto , Freduah Bright S. , Karl Kevin , Wesley Gershom O. , Guarin Jose R. , Yang Meijian , Freeman Comfort , Owusu Justina S. , Castellano Andres A. , Clottey Joseph K. , Narh Stephen , Ruane Alex C. , Jägermeyr Jonas , Contreras Erik Mencos , Amoako Kingsley K. , Rosenzweig Cynthia E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

There is a renewed interest in ‘opportunity’ (or underutilized) crops due to their potential to bolster food security, environmental resilience, and nutritional benefits. However, low productivity, underdeveloped markets, and limited research investment constrain their widespread adoption. These crops are generally well adapted to harsh conditions, but their vulnerability to climate change and their economic viability within current agricultural systems remain unknown. This study employed a novel climate-crop modeling framework to assess climate change impacts on the productivity of seven opportunity crops compared to three established reference crops in Ghana. Results indicate that opportunity crops are projected to have significantly higher biophysical resilience to climate change. A literature review suggests they could enhance the macro and micro nutrient content of diets in Ghana. Through multi-stakeholder consultations, markets, cultivation, processing, and utilization, are factors are identified that would strengthen the adoption of these crops. Scenarios for adopting cowpeas, a climate-resilient opportunity crop for mixed-crop farmers in Northern Ghana, suggest a reduction in food insecurity by 18–25%, with adoption rates projected between 60–68%. This study proposes a science-policy framework to support the research and decision-making priorities needed to unlock the potential of these crops for a more resilient future in Ghanaian agriculture.
Gas discharge visualization as a promising tool for meat analysis during its storage
Authors: Shkabrou A. U. , Chernukha I. M. , Raznichenka V. D. , Lazovikava L. U. , Andreeva I. I. , Baitava S. N. 
Published: January 2025

Recently a lot of analytical methods have been developed, however, only a few of them have found application in the meat industry, since they do not provide sufficient understanding of the processes that occur in meat during its storage. The use of the GDV method for analyzing the food products quality has got a number of advantages, since it allows for quick and non-invasive getting of information on the food product condition, which capability may be quite promising for meat analysis. The study described in this paper is based on the GDV method application for analyzing the condition of the chilled pork at various stages of its storage and for detecting the peculiar changes in its quality.The study analyzed samples of Sus scrofa m. longissimus dorsi stored at a temperature of 0 to 4 °C for five days. Using the software ImageJ to analyze the gas-discharge glow of meat, its main parameters were obtained, such as an area, average radius of glow and color characteristics. The most significant characteristics of the gas-discharge glow were determined, among which the glow area, shape factor, uncertainty and dispersion were focused on. It was shown that synchronously with the development of rigor mortis, there was a decrease in the area of the gas-discharge glow, and with its resolution and further storage of meat — a noticeable increase. The dispersion of the radius of meat glow by the end of the storage period increased by 2.03 times in comparison with the original value, and the gas discharge was unstable and featured a large number of streamer branches.The influence of histostructural changes and fractional composition of proteins on the properties of the electromagnetic field during GDV of meat has been proven. It has been shown that the method of gas discharge visualization, along with histological studies, can be used to analyze meat during its storage and defining the depth of autolytic changes that take place in the meat.
Integrating Sustainable Development Goals into the nexus approach
Authors: Acioli Canamary Erica , Paiva Ana Carolina de Encarnação , Martins Minella Alves , Silva Diovana de Moura , Marchezini Victor , Tomasella Javier 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The increased intensity and frequency of future climate extremes might invalidate current water policies, particularly in the case of basins with competing water uses. To analyze these challenges, the nexus approach was proposed as an alternative to integrated resources management by simultaneously taking into account synergies and trade-offs on water, energy, and food security. However, the application of nexus approaches is incipient, and scarcity events highlighted challenges in implementing its principles, which are crucial for meeting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, this study proposes a set of water, energy, and food indicators that reflect the SDGs, focusing on water use in the Paraíba do Sul River Basin, Brazil for the period 2016–2050. Results showed a limited influence of land use policies on future resource availability, with differences of less than 5% among scenarios. Projections revealed an increased frequency of extreme discharge compared with the baseline period. Moreover, the analysis of the scenarios revealed a higher probability of failing to meet one of the water transfer targets of the basin. The efficiency of wastewater treatment will significantly impact freshwater quality, indicating low water quality 90% of the time considering the current level of wastewater treatment.
Evaluation of hydraulic retention time on hydrogen production from corn industry wastewater by dark fermentation
Authors: Vázquez-López Monserrat , Campuzano Rosalinda , De los Cobos-Vasconcelos Daniel , Moreno-Andrade Ivan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Dark fermentation has the potential to produce biohydrogen using raw material waste, such as wastewater from the corn industry (cornWW), which is characteristically alkaline and improperly discharged. This study aimed to assess the impact of different hydraulic retention times (HRT) on hydrogen production in a sequencing batch reactor system using raw cornWW as feedstock. Different HRTs were evaluated (4, 2, and 1 day(s)). Higher biohydrogen productivity was observed in HRT value of 1 day (893.6 ± 10.1 NmL H2/Lreactor/day), indicating its favorable metabolic pathways leading to the generation of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, acetate, butyrate, and caproate. Microbial analysis revealed that the Atopobium and Clostridium (genera) played key roles in hydrogen and organic acid production. Additionally, during the fermentation of cornWW, lactic acid in the feedstock facilitated the production of caproic and propionic acids, further enriching the range of valuable byproducts obtained through this process.
Impact of the “Suicidological Library” Series on the Advancement of Polish Suicidology
Authors: Czabański Adam 
Published: January 2025

Since 2021, researchers affiliated with the Polish Association of Suicidology have initiated the publication of multi-author monographs as part of the “Suicidological Library” series. To date, three volumes have been released. This article aims to explore how these monographs have contributed to the field of suicidology. Each volume was produced under the scientific editorshipof Prof. Brunon Hołyst and involved a diverse editorial board comprising leading Polish suicidologists as well as experts from the USA, Sweden, Germany, Austria, and Canada. While the “Suicidology” yearbook helped unify the suicidology research community and disseminate knowledge between 2005 and 2018, the “Suicidological Library” series has further strengthened this trend. It not only presents the findings of esteemed Polish suicidologists, but it also showcases the research of emerging scholars in this challenging field.
Humanization of Medicine: A Narrative Review
Authors: Szczepek Agnieszka 
Published: January 2025

Modern Western medicine is advancing exponentially. Technological innovations enable faster and better diagnosis, tailor therapy to the individual patient and disease, enhance the success of treatment, and shorten the duration of disease. Amid these technological advances, medicine is still about people. This paper aims to synthesize the knowledge on medicine’s contemporary approach to human suffering and disease by applying medical humanities to improve medicine humanization.
Ethical Considerations in the Provision of Humanitarian Aid and Development Assistance to Countries and Societies in Sub-Saharan Africa by the European Union and its Member States
Authors: Antczak Stanisław 
Published: January 2025

The aim of this article is to present the role that ethical factors play in providing humanitarian aid to the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa that are considered the poorest, and are sometimes even extremely poor and underdeveloped. The administrative and economic weakness of these countries is due to the colonial legacy inherited by the newly independent states, among other reasons. Moral sensitivity plays an important role in the European Union and its member countries providing humanitarian aid and development assistance, but these considerations often give way when the significant political and economic interests of donor countries are at stake. The research method is a literature review and analysis of documents and secondary sources.
Natural Anticancer Drugs: Efficacy, Safety, and Future Challenges
Authors: Aljabali Alaa A. A. , Bashatwah Rasha M. , El-Tanani Mohamed , Tambuwala Murtaza M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
The investigation of naturally derived anticancer drugs has gained prominence
in cancer therapy research. Within a broad context, this review seeks to elucidate
the molecular foundations and diverse mechanisms underlying these compounds to understand
their pivotal role in advancing effective interventions. Additionally by employing
a systematic approach, this study examined the interplay between cellular components,
signaling pathways, and genetic factors, providing valuable insights into the regulatory
networks governing the efficacy of these drugs. Categorization based on sources
(plants, animals, marine organisms, and microbes) revealed unique bioactive constituents
and therapeutic potential. Mechanistic investigations have revealed the ability
of these compounds to induce apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis, modulate metabolic processes,
stimulate the immune system, and arrest the cell cycle. This overview encompasses
both approved drugs and those undergoing clinical trials, highlighting their heightened
efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to their synthetic counterparts. However,
challenges persist in terms of standardization, quality control, and large-scale production.
In conclusion, this review examined the potential of naturally derived anticancer
drugs to contribute to advancements in cancer treatment and enhance patient outcomes.
In addition to their effectiveness, natural anticancer drugs are generally less toxic and
have fewer harmful side effects than conventional chemotherapies. This emphasizes the
need for continued research, collaborative efforts, and addressing the regulatory and intellectual
property challenges associated with natural products. This review provides a
balanced perspective on the mechanisms, advantages, and prospects.
Advancements in Managing Schizophrenia through Classical Approaches, Mechanisms, and Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Dhote Lokesh , Dewangan Hitesh Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous neuropsychological disorder characterized by three distinct sets of
symptoms: positive, negative, and cognitive. It carries significant public health implications and is estimated
to affect up to 1% of the population. Despite extensive research, the underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia
are not entirely understood, and existing antipsychotic treatments have notable limitations. Firstly, these treatments are effective for only approximately half of the patients. Secondly, they primarily alleviate positive
symptoms such as misperceptions and thought disorders, which are core to the illness, while neglecting the
negative symptoms like flat affect and social withdrawal, as well as cognitive symptoms such as learning and
attention difficulties. Thirdly, these treatments come with significant neurofunctional and metabolic side effects, and in some cases, they can lead to issues like sexual dysfunction or agranulocytosis (in the case of
Clozapine (CLZ)). In this review, we delve into currently available treatments for schizophrenia, with the utilization of Deep brain stimulation techniques to overcome the limitations of antipsychotics. We also discuss the
major clinical trials for schizophrenia along with deep brain stimulation intervention.
Roles of C/EBPβ/AEP in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Guo Jing , Liu Xin-Yi , Yang Sha-Sha , Li Qiang , Duan Yang , Zhu Shan-Shan , Zhou Ke , Yan Yi-Zhi , Zeng Peng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that increased activation of
aspartic endopeptidases (AEPs) is a common symptom in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs).
AEP cleaves amyloid precursor protein (APP), tau (microtubule-associated protein tau), αsynuclein (α-syn), SET (a 39-KDa phosphoprotein widely expressed in various tissues and localizes predominantly in the nucleus), and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), and promotes their
aggregation, contributing to Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's
disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia
(FTD) pathogenesis. Abundant evidence supports the notion that CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein
β (C/EBPβ)/AEP may play an important role in NDDs. Developing its small molecule inhibitors is
a promising treatment of NDDs. However, current research suggests that the pathophysiological
mechanism of the C/EBPβ/AEP pathway is very complex in NDDs. This review summarizes the
structure of C/EBPβ and AEP, their major physiological functions, potential pathogenesis, their
small molecule inhibitors, and how C/EBPβ/AEP offers a novel pathway for the treatment of
NDDs.
Molecular Modeling Studies and Synthesis of Isocryptolepine Derivatives as Antimalarial Using Docking, CoMFA, CoMSIA, and HQSAR
Authors: Pratap Shourya , Mittal Abhilasha , Parida Sambit Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Our research highlights the synthesis of newer antimalarial compounds using
molecular modeling studies.

Objective:
The study investigates a series of isocryptolepine derivatives from previous literature, focusing
on their biological activities as antimalarial agents.

Methods:
Computational methods such as molecular docking and QSAR were employed to gain insights
into the interaction between the synthesized compounds and the target enzyme PfDHFR-TS.

Results:
Molecular docking studies helped to identify key binding interactions, supporting the design
of more effective compounds. Using CoMFA and CoMSIA, the study explored steric, electrostatic,
and hydrogen-bonding fields, providing a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) for 49
compounds.

Conclusion:
The CoMFA model yielded strong predictive r² values of 0.971, while the CoMSIA
model highlighted the significance of hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions. These findings
inform the design of novel isocryptolepine derivatives with improved antimalarial activity.
Predicting Membrane Protein Types Based on Fusing Information Feature and Ensemble Machine Learning Model
Authors: He Ping-an , Chen Shuyue , Su Pengcheng , Dai Qi 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Membrane proteins participate in many physiological and biochemical
functions essential for cellular function. Identifying membrane protein types is a critical task in biology for studying the tertiary structure of membrane proteins.

Methods:
In this paper, a novel classification method is proposed to predict membrane protein types
based on the ensemble learning model, fusing protein sequence features and secondary structure information.

Result:
The performance for predicting the type of membrane proteins was improved compared
with other machine learning models.

Conclusion:
Utilizing multimodal features and machine learning methods can effectively predict
and classify membrane protein types.
Innovative Therapies and Strategies for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kathoke Pallavi , Thombre Kalyani , Gupta Krishna Radheshyam , Umekar Milind Janrao 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that requires
early detection and treatment. Currently, we have three categories of slow-acting disease-modifying
antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): (1) conventional synthetic (csDMARD), (2) biologic (bDMARD),
and (3) directed or targeted synthetic (tsDMARD).

Objective:
This review explores innovative therapeutic modalities for RA, discussing their potential
advantages and challenges. The objective is to assess the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of these
novel therapies to improve the quality of life for RA patients. Also, focus has been laid on
non-pharmacologic modalities in comparison to pharmacologic modalities.

Results:
This review discusses several innovative therapies for RA, including acrylamide derivatives,
coumarin derivatives, JAK1-selective inhibitors, monoclonal antibody adjuvants with
methotrexate, the pros, and cons of NRF2 activation as adjunctive therapy, glucocorticoids, bioactive
molecules, combination therapy, gene therapy, and other therapies. Each approach presents
unique advantages and challenges, reflecting the complexity of RA and the need for personalized
treatment strategies.

Conclusion:
Ongoing research and clinical trials are crucial for assessing the safety, efficacy, and
feasibility of these novel therapies. By overcoming the limitations of conventional treatments and
tailoring treatment approaches to individual patients, these innovative therapies have the potential
to enhance the quality of life for RA patients.
Cytotoxic Effects Of Lecaniodiscus Cupanioides (Planch.) Extract and Triterpenoids-derived Gold Nanoparticles On MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Magadani R , Ndinteh Derek Tantoh , Roux S. , Nangah Louisiane Patrick , Atangwho Item Justin , Uti Daniel Ejim , Alum Esther U. , Egba Simeon Ikechukwu 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The prevalent disease known as breast cancer has a significant impact on both men's and
women's health and quality of life.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to explore the potential roles of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides (planch.) extract and
triterpenoid-derived gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in cancer therapy, specifically targeting MCF-7 breast cancer
cell lines.

Methods:
Gold nanoparticles were synthesized utilizing triterpenoid (ZJ-AuNPs) and leaf extract from
Lecaniodiscus cupanioides (LC-AuNPs). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and UV-vis spectroscopy were employed to characterize the nanoparticles. Additionally, the MTT assay was used to assess the impact of AuNPs on
cancer cell viability using MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines.

Results:
Analysis of ZJ-AuNPs and LC-AuNPs revealed DLS zeta potentials of -31.8 and -35.8 mV, respectively,
and a corresponding UV-vis absorption maxima at 540 and 550 nm. Also, the ZJ-AuNPs and LC-AuNPs had
respective zeta-sizes that ranged from 25.84 to 35.98 nm and polydispersive index values between 0.2360 and
0.773.Furthermore, the presence of the chemical groups -OH and -NH was shown to be necessary for the green
method of capping and reducing the gold nanoparticles. Nevertheless, a significant decrease in cell viability percentages was noted in the MTT experiment, accompanied by an increase in the quantity or concentration of the
nanoparticles for both ZJ-AuNPs and LC-AuNPs.

Conclusion:
Given the data obtained in this study, the biosynthesized ZJ-AuNPs and LC-AuNPs were shown to
possess potent cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells. Hence, they may be valuable tools in the development of
new cancer chemotherapy drugs.