bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specialized pollination by cecidomyiid flies and associated floral traits in Vincetoxicum sangyojarniae (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae)
Authors: Kidyoo A. , Kidyoo M. , Ekkaphan P. , Blatrix R. , McKey D. , Proffit M. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Specialized pollination systems frequently match a particular set of floral characteristics. Vincetoxicum spp. (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) have disk‐shaped flowers with open access to rewards and reproductive organs. Flowers with these traits are usually associated with generalized pollination. However, the highly modified androecium and gynoecium that characterize asclepiads are thought to be associated with specialized pollinators.

In V. sangyojarniae, we investigated floral biology, pollination, and the degree of pollinator specialization in two localities in Thailand. We examined floral traits that target legitimate pollinators.

Flowers of V. sangyojarniae opened only at night, emitted floral scents containing mainly (E)‐β‐ocimene, 1‐octen‐3‐ol, (E)‐4,8‐dimethyl‐1,3,7‐nonatriene (E‐DMNT) and N‐(3‐methylbutyl)acetamide, and provided sucrose‐dominated nectar openly to insect visitors. Assessment of pollinator effectiveness indicated that V. sangyojarniae is functionally specialized for pollination by cecidomyiid flies. Although various insects, particularly cockroaches, frequently visited flowers, they did not carry pollinaria.

Our results suggest that V. sangyojarniae attracts its fly pollinators by emitting floral volatiles bearing olfactory notes associated with the presence of fungi or, less likely, of prey captured by predatory arthropods (food sources of its pollinators) but offers a nectar reward upon insect arrival. Hence, there is a mismatch between the advertisement and the actual reward. Our results also suggest that the size of floral parts constitutes a mechanical filter where reciprocal fit between flower and insect structures ensures that only suitable pollinators can extract the pollinaria, a prerequisite for successful pollination.
Preferences in AI algorithms: The need for relevant risk attitudes in automated decisions under uncertainties
Authors: Paté‐Cornell Elisabeth 
Published: January 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve life and reduce risks by providing large amounts of information embedded in big databases and by suggesting or implementing automated decisions under uncertainties. Yet, in the design of a prescriptive AI algorithm, some problems may occur, first and clearly, if the AI information is wrong or incomplete. But the main point of this article is that under uncertainties, the decision algorithm, rational or not, includes, in one way or another, a risk attitude in addition to deterministic preferences. That risk attitude implemented in the software is chosen by the analysts, the organization that they serve, the experts who inform them, and more generally by the process of identifying possible options. The problem is that it may or may not represent, as it should, the preferences of the actual decision maker (the risk manager) and of the people subjected to his/her decisions. This article briefly describes the sometimes‐serious problem of that discrepancy between the preferences of the risk managers who use an AI output, and the risk attitude embedded in the AI system. The recommendation is to make these AI factors as accessible and transparent as possible and to allow for preference adjustments in the model if needed. The formulation of two simplified examples is described, that of a medical doctor and his/her patient when using an AI system to decide of a treatment option, and that of a skipper in a sailing race such as the America's Cup, receiving AI‐processed sensor signals about the sailing conditions on different possible courses.
Convergence of Inequality Dimensions in China: Income, Consumption, and Wealth from 1988 to 2018
Authors: Wan Haiyuan , Gustafsson Bjorn , Wang Yingfei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsing household data from 1988 to 2018, we confirm that the increase in income inequality in China has come to a halt in recent years but show that inequality in wealth and consumption continues to increase. We report a clear convergence of inequality across the different dimensions of income, consumption, and wealth. Households at the top of one dimension are increasingly located at the top of the other two dimensions. The mechanisms for such convergence across dimensions are analyzed. The savings rate links income and consumption, while capital accumulation is the central mechanism linking income and wealth. In addition, the wealth and income structure contribute to intensifying the convergence trend. We argue that the relatively high level of inequality in China may continue since income, consumption and wealth are increasingly reinforcing each other.
Physiological and molecular predictors of cycling sprint performance
Authors: Galvan‐Alvarez Victor , Gallego‐Selles Angel , Martinez‐Canton Miriam , Perez‐Suarez Ismael , Garcia‐Gonzalez Eduardo , Martin‐Rincon Marcos , Calbet Jose A. L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to identify novel muscle phenotypic factors that could determine sprint performance using linear regression models including the lean mass of the lower extremities (LLM), myosin heavy chain composition (MHC), and proteins and enzymes implicated in glycolytic and aerobic energy generation (citrate synthase, OXPHOS proteins), oxygen transport and diffusion (myoglobin), ROS sensing (Nrf2/Keap1), antioxidant enzymes, and proteins implicated in calcium handling. For this purpose, body composition (dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry) and sprint performance (isokinetic 30‐s Wingate test: peak and mean power output, Wpeak and Wmean) were measured in young physically active adults (51 males and 10 females), from which a resting muscle biopsy was obtained from the musculus vastus lateralis. Although females had a higher percentage of MHC I, SERCA2, pSer16/Thr17‐phospholamban, and Calsequestrin 2 protein expressions (all p < 0.05), and 18.4% lower phosphofructokinase 1 protein expression than males (p < 0.05), both sexes had similar sprint performance when it was normalized to body weight or LLM. Multiple regression analysis showed that Wpeak could be predicted from LLM, SDHB, Keap1, and MHC II % (R
2 = 0.62, p < 0.001), each variable contributing to explain 46.4%, 6.3%, 4.4%, and 4.3% of the variance in Wpeak, respectively. LLM and MHC II % explained 67.5% and 2.1% of the variance in Wmean, respectively (R
2 = 0.70, p < 0.001). The present investigation shows that SDHB and Keap1, in addition to MHC II %, are relevant determinants of peak power output during sprinting.
Adaptation and validation of the French version of empathy questionnaire in preschoolers
Authors: Simon Poline , Houssa Marine , Barbot Baptiste , Nader‐Grosbois Nathalie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAt preschool age, children need to develop socio‐emotional skills, including empathy, in order to adapt their response during social interactions with peers and adults in various contexts. When preschoolers face difficulties in their social interactions, it is relevant to assess their empathy in order to know whether a specific preventive intervention is needed. This study aimed to adapt and validate the French version of the Empathy Questionnaire (EmQue‐vf), which was completed by Belgian mothers of 307 children aged from 2 to 6 years. Mothers also completed the Griffith Empathy Measure (GEM‐vf), Theory of Mind Inventory (ToMI1‐vf) and Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC‐vf). A CFA confirmed a three‐factor structure for EmQue‐vf, including 14 items loading onto three factors: (1) Emotion Contagion, (2) Attention to Others’ Feelings, and (3) Prosocial Actions. This structure was confirmed for the boys’ and girls’ samples treated separately, as well as for the overall sample. Internal consistency ranged from acceptable for Emotion Contagion to good for Attention to Others’ Feelings and Prosocial Actions. In terms of concurrent criterion validity with GEM‐vf, the three factors of EmQue‐vf correlated positively with the affective empathy score and only the Prosocial Actions scale was positively linked with the cognitive empathy score. In terms of construct validity, Pearson's correlations showed a positive link between age and Prosocial Actions. Moreover, the three EmQue‐vf subscales were linked positively to Theory of Mind and emotion regulation scores. A negative link was obtained between Prosocial Actions and emotion dysregulation scores. In conclusion, EmQue‐vf presents good psychometric qualities. It will be a useful in future research and interventions involving French‐speaking children with and without developmental disorders.
GIGANTEA accelerates wheat heading time through gene interactions converging on FLOWERING LOCUS T1
Authors: Li Chengxia , Lin Huiqiong , Debernardi Juan M. , Zhang Chaozhong , Dubcovsky Jorge 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARYPrecise regulation of flowering time is critical for cereal crops to synchronize reproductive development with optimum environmental conditions, thereby maximizing grain yield. The plant‐specific gene GIGANTEA (GI) plays an important role in the control of flowering time, with additional functions on the circadian clock and plant stress responses. In this study, we show that GI loss‐of‐function mutants in a photoperiod‐sensitive tetraploid wheat background exhibit significant delays in heading time under both long‐day (LD) and short‐day photoperiods, with stronger effects under LD. However, this interaction between GI and photoperiod is no longer observed in isogenic lines carrying either a photoperiod‐insensitive allele in the PHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD1) gene or a loss‐of‐function allele in EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a known repressor of PPD1. These results suggest that the normal circadian regulation of PPD1 is required for the differential effect of GI on heading time in different photoperiods. Using crosses between mutant or transgenic plants of GI and those of critical genes in the flowering regulation pathway, we show that GI accelerates wheat heading time by promoting FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (FT1) expression via interactions with ELF3, VERNALIZATION 2 (VRN2), CONSTANS (CO), and the age‐dependent microRNA172‐APETALA2 (AP2) pathway, at both transcriptional and protein levels. Our study reveals conserved GI mechanisms between wheat and Arabidopsis but also identifies specific interactions of GI with the distinctive photoperiod and vernalization pathways of the temperate grasses. These results provide valuable knowledge for modulating wheat heading time and engineering new varieties better adapted to a changing environment.
Cold‐induced deposition of bivalent H3K4me3‐H3K27me3 modification and nucleosome depletion in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Hao , Yin Chang , Zhang Guoyan , Yang Miao , Zhu Bo , Jiang Jiming , Zeng Zixian 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARYEpigenetic regulation of gene expression plays a crucial role in plant development and environmental adaptation. The H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 have not only been discovered in the regulation of gene expression in multiple biological processes but also in responses to abiotic stresses in plants. However, evidence for the presence of both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 on the same nucleosome is sporadic. Cold‐induced deposition of bivalent H3K4me3‐H3K27me3 modifications and nucleosome depletion over a considerable number of active genes is documented in potato tubers and provides clues on an additional role of the bivalent modifications. Limited by the available information of genes encoding PcG/TrxG proteins as well as their corresponding mutants in potatoes, the molecular mechanism underlying the cold‐induced deposition of the bivalent mark remains elusive. In this study, we found a similar deposition of the bivalent H3K4me3‐H3K27me3 mark over 2129 active genes in cold‐treated Arabidopsis Col‐0 seedlings. The expression levels of the bivalent mark‐associated genes tend to be independent of bivalent modification levels. However, these genes were associated with greater chromatin accessibility, presumably to provide a distinct chromatin environment for gene expression. In mutants clf28 and lhp1, failure to deposit H3K27me3 in active genes upon cold treatment implies that the CLF is potentially involved in cold‐induced deposition of H3K27me3, with assistance from LHP1. Failure to deposit H3K4me3 during cold treatment in atx1‐2 suggests a regulatory role of ATX1 in the deposition of H3K4me3. In addition, we observed a cold‐induced global reduction in nucleosome occupancy, which is potentially mediated by LHP1 in an H3K27me3‐dependent manner.
Influenza A virus antibodies in dogs, hunting dogs, and backyard pigs in Campeche, Mexico
Authors: Maya‐Badillo Brenda Aline , Orta‐Pineda Guillermo , Zavala‐Vasco Diego , Rivera‐Rosas Karen Elizabeth , Uribe‐Jacinto Adrián , Segura‐Velásquez René , Suzán Gerardo , Sánchez‐Betancourt José Iván 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to identify exposure to human, swine, and avian influenza A virus subtypes in rural companion and hunting dogs, backyard pigs, and feral pigs.Methods and ResultsThe study took place in a region of southeastern Mexico where the sampled individuals were part of backyard production systems in which different domestic and wild species coexist and interact with humans. We collected blood samples from pigs and dogs at each of the sites. We used a nucleoprotein enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to determine the exposure of individuals to influenza A virus. Haemagglutination inhibition was performed on the positive samples to determine the subtypes to which they were exposed. For data analysis, a binomial logistic regression model was generated to determine the predictor variables for the seropositivity of the individuals in the study. We identified 11 positive individuals: three backyard pigs, four companion dogs, and four hunting dogs. The pigs tested positive for H1N1 and H1N2. The dogs were positive for H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2. The model showed that dogs in contact with backyard chickens are more likely to be seropositive for influenza A viruses.ConclusionsWe demonstrated the essential role hunting dogs could play as intermediate hosts and potential mixing vessel hosts when exposed to human and swine‐origin viral subtypes. These results are relevant because these dogs interact with domestic hosts and humans in backyard systems, which are risk scenarios in the transmission of influenza A viruses. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to implement epidemiological surveillance of influenza A viruses in backyard animals, particularly in key animals in the transmission of these viruses, such as dogs and pigs.
Boosting High Morale In the Workplace Through Islamic Values
Authors: Usman Muliati 
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study is to identify the extent of the role of Islamic values in shaping a foundation of morale in the workplace. Indeed, building a strong foundation in an organization requires moral resilience from all members as a unified whole and supports each other in an integrated manner. However, overcoming moral problems in the workplace is not simple, but a complex one. There are various aspects or values that must be integrated as a whole, including the religious values held by members of the organization. In this case, for Muslims morals are values that are built on the basis of inherent beliefs as a guide in living their daily lives as Muslims which originate from the Qur’an and Hadith. Therefore, it is necessary to study further the components that will strengthen the moral foundation in the workplace through Islamic values. To support the diagnoses developed, the method used in this study is a literature review by using various valid data sources. Furthermore, the results of this study identify that Islamic values through their components can support the emergence of high morale in the workplace. Thus, this study builds new insights into the importance of the role of Islamic values in building the foundations of a moral ethic in organizations as an effort to deal with various moral problems that have recently gotten worse and are dangerous for the sustainability of the organization.
Exploring Entrepreneurship Education in the Performing Arts: Perceptions of Nigerian Theatrepreneurs
Authors: LAWAL ABDULAZEEZ , Ibrahim Nurudeen , OJODU HAMEED , Adebakin Moruf , SALVADOR KUBURAT 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
This study delves into the emerging field of entrepreneurship education in the performing arts, aiming to investigate current practices and evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurial endeavors within this domain. Focusing on Nigerian graduate and undergraduate prospective entrepreneurs, commonly referred to as theatrepreneurs, who pursue careers in drama, dancing, script writing, and other performing arts disciplines, the research utilizes qualitative methods. Forty purposefully selected respondents were interviewed, employing a mediated interview approach to identify theatrepreneurs' characteristics, motivations, and the significant challenges they encounter in their professional and entrepreneurial journeys. The findings demonstrate that participants opt for the performing arts primarily for personal career development rather than financial incentives. They highlight the benefits of talent development, confidence building, and professional growth. Nevertheless, the study identifies major obstacles such as time management, financial constraints, adaptation to the performing arts environment, unethical practices, and personal style, which significantly affect career development. Despite these challenges, respondents express optimism about the future of the profession. Based on the study's outcomes, it is recommended to introduce entrepreneurship education programs that nurture students' abilities to think creatively, reflectively, strategically, and analytically about their artistic practices. Such initiatives would further enhance professional career development within the performing arts industry.
Digital Business Innovation and Financial Inclusion: Panacea to Nigeria’s Economic Growth
Authors: Williams Mustapha 
Published: January 2024

An emphasis on inclusive development via conventional financial inclusion and digital innovation is evident globally. Contemporary business innovations are driven by digitalization. This paper explores the effects of financial inclusion and digital business innovations on Nigeria's economic growth. It tracks the evolution of financial inclusion from banking sector recapitalization, through the Maya Declaration's implementation and the regulation of M-payments to the licensing of Mobile Network Operators (MNOs). The article describes digital business innovation (DBI) facilitated by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as well as Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a strategy that will raise the quality of life for those at the base of the development pyramid. The effectiveness of Digital Banking Inclusion (DBI) in Nigeria faces challenges including the presence of individuals without traditional bank accounts, the uneven distribution of digital technology and higher incomes in cities, barriers that hinder fair competition, the use of a single regulatory approach that may not fit all situations, a shortage of affordable, high-quality digital connections, and conflicts of interest between DBI service providers and DBI users. The study suggests speeding up the development of financial infrastructure, application of digital technologies, and modifying the regulatory framework to fit various contexts.
Keywords:
Web Networks and Business Platform Models and their Reflection on Activating Pharmacovigilance in Healthcare Organizations
Authors: Zakaria Saif khalid , Alhamamy Mohamed Ahmed Mahmood 
Published: January 2024

Research Objective: The Primary Objective of This Study Is to Establish Both a Theoretical and Practical Framework Aimed at Examining the Correlation Between Web Networks (WN) And Business Platform Models (Web Platform) (WP) To Enhance Alertness in The Pharmacological (PH) Domain During the Dissemination of Information and Knowledge to Relevant Entities in The Current Research Landscape. Our Approach Begins with A Thorough Exploration of The Concepts of Web Networks and Web Platforms, Aligning Them with The Contemporary Business Environment. Subsequently, We Delve into The Significance of Harnessing Digital Platforms Within Business Organizations. This Culminates in An Extensive Review of Platform Models, Ultimately Leading to The Development of a Web Platform Model Tailored to The Specific Environment and Requirements of The Organization Under Investigation.
Methodology/Design: A Questionnaire Was Prepared to Collect Data from A Purposive Sample Consisting Of (156) Managers and Unit or Department Heads in The Health Departments of The Northern Region of Iraq. The Research Hypotheses Were Tested Using Statistical Analysis with The AMOS Software, And the Findings Were Discussed in Light of The Results. Research Conclusions and Recommendations Were Formulated.
Research Significance: This Research Aims to Identify the Role of (WP) and Their Dimensions in The Development and Sustainability of The Capabilities of The Researched Organizations in Facing Potential Challenges. Additionally, It Seeks to Enhance (PH) Alertness to A Level That Enables the Researched Organizations to Keep Pace with The Rapid Developments Occurring in The Dynamic Environment in Which They Operate.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF SALT TOLERANCE IN ASIATIC COTTON (GOSSYPIUM ARBOREUM) WITH MOLECULAR MARKERS
Authors: Tussipkan D. , Pan Zh. , Gong W. , Dai P. , Manabayeva Sh. , Du X. 
Published: January 2024

Gossypium arboreum possesses favorable characteristics that are valuable for developing superior cotton cultivars. This study was carried out to analyze genetic diversity and identify marker-trait association analysis related to salt tolerance using SSR markers for 215 accessions of G. arboreum. The salt tolerance-related traits like germination rate, fresh weight, stem length, water content, chlorophyll content, electric conductivity, and MDA of the accessions were identified using 150 mM salt for 7 days of seedling growth.
According to the comprehensive index of salt tolerance, 215 accessions were categorized mainly into four groups. Twenty four accessions were classified as highly tolerant to salt treatment (>2.5). The natural population was classified into 3 main groups by phylogenetic analysis. The classifications of phylogenetic analysis were largely congruent with the breeding history and ecological region.
Twenty-two strong marker-trait associations were obtained with strict significant P value i.e. P< 0.01 and four makers including NAU1023, NAU1099, JESPR222, and NAU2783 were significantly related to salt tolerance. The marker NAU2783 was highest associated (P= 1.98E-12) with relative electric conductivity, and with the highest phenotype variation of 20.87%. Some markers are significantly associated with more than two traits. MUSS020 was significantly (P<0.01) associated with relative fresh weight, and relative MDA, NAU1375 was associated with relative fresh weight and relative stem length, while NAU3468 was significantly associated with relative fresh weight, relative germination rate, and relative water content. The strong marker-trait association results might provide insights for marker-assistant selecting salt-tolerant varieties and will be useful for future cotton breeding programs.