bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bias-Corrected and Variance-Corrected MLE for the New Median Based Unit Weibull Distribution (MBUW)
Authors: Attia Iman Mohammed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

As the maximum likelihood method is the most commonly used method for parameter estimation being unbiased, consistent, efficient, and asymptotically normal, MLE is used to fit the new distribution (MBUW). But in small to moderate sample sizes, this MLE estimator is biased unlike the MLE estimators obtained from large sample sizes. In this paper, the Bias-corrected approach for this distribution is discussed and applied to real data analysis. The MLE estimators of MBUW obtained from some optimization techniques like the derivative free Nelder Mead algorithm suffer from a significant high correlation reflected in high covariance between the parameters. Also, this association between the parameters affects the variances which may be inflated enough to approach infinity hampering the construction of confidence intervals for each parameter. This problem may arise with any optimization technique which necessitates remedies trying to fix it. The author also elaborates a variance correction approach heavily relying on re-parameterizing the negative log-likelihood.
A study on Escherichia coli contamination in drinking water sources to combat waterborne diseases effectively in Bist Doab, Punjab, India
Authors: Gautam Babita , Dar Sajad Nabi , Sachan Rohan Samir Kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The World Health Organization (WHO) advocates universal access to safe drinking water (DW) by 2030 in order to mitigate waterborne diseases (WBDs). Mitigating WBDs necessitates access to clean water devoid of pathogens such as Escherichia coli. Despite advancements, urban areas such as Jalandhar continue to grapple with recurrent outbreaks of diarrhoea, cholera, hepatitis A, and hepatitis E. Zero E. coli presence in water samples is considered safe DW. This study aims to find out whether DW supplied and available in Bist Doab region is free from faecal contamination and safe to drink per the WHO Standards. A total of 32 samples were collected from six distinct villages, alongside 23 samples from three urban wards of Jalandhar and tested using spreading techniques, involving bacterial screening and quantification of colony-forming units to ascertain E. coli contamination levels. The results reveal that 56.5% of urban DW samples exhibited potential health risks attributable to contamination, while rural counterparts demonstrated significantly lower E. coli levels. An area-specific approach and a three-tier policy are proposed through this research work to combat WBDs effectively and efficiently in our developing nation.
Removal of phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewater (OMW) by tailoring the surface of activated carbon under acidic and basic conditions
Authors: Al Bawab Abeer F. , Abu-Dalo M. A. , Kanaan H. , Al-Rawashdeh N. , Odeh F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Olive mill wastewater (OMW), a by-product of olive oil production, poses significant environmental risks due to its acidity and high polyphenol content, particularly in water-scarce regions like Jordan. This study developed a cost-effective approach to reduce the phenolic content in OMW using modified granular-activated carbon (GAC). Commercial GAC, chosen for its high surface area and adsorption capacity, was modified via oxidative treatment with concentrated nitric acid and reductive treatment using 10 wt.% ammonia solution. The modified GAC samples were tested for phenolic compound (PC) adsorption from OMW under varying surfactant types, concentrations, and pH levels using a batch method. The optimized conditions revealed that reduced GAC at pH 9 achieved the highest removal efficiency, reducing the phenolic content by 88% after 48 h. Surfactants had no significant effect on the performance of reduced GAC. Desorption tests after 7 and 32 days indicated a minimal release of PCs, confirming strong binding to the GAC surface. These findings demonstrate the potential of reduced GAC as a sustainable and cost-efficient solution for treating OMW, addressing the critical challenges in water resource management and environmental pollution in regions like Jordan.
Психологические предпосылки включения личности в прекарную занятость
Authors: Дёмин Андрей Н. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The study was carried out at the intersection of two research fields – precarious employment psychology and employability. The aim of this study is to identify the psychological characteristics of individuals engaged in precarious employment. Methods. The study population comprised 748 subjects (mean age = 31.03 years, min – 20 years, max – 45 years), of whom 48.13 % were men and 63.5 % had higher education. The study used the following diagnostic tools: (a) the Employment Precarity Index, (b) the Forced Employment scale, (c) the Perception of Barriers to Career Development scale, (d) the Attitudes Toward the Speed of Social Processes inventory, (e) the Involvement in Information and Communication Technologies in Work Activities questionnaire, (f) the Personal Flexibility at the Labor Sphere scale, and (g) the Vocational Identity scale. Results. All psychological prerequisites examined in the study (attitude toward the speed of social processes, involvement in information and communication technologies, personal flexibility, vocational identity) were closely related to the level of employment precarity and psychological well-being related to labor and profession. The use of the method of correlation pleiades made it possible to isolate the most significant psychological characteristics that correlate with precarity and psychological well-being – vocational identity and personal flexibility. The lower their scores, the more individuals feel the forced nature of their employment and barriers to career development, the higher the likelihood of their precarious status in the labor market. A comparison of employees engaged and not engaged in precarious employment showed that representatives of the first group have lower awareness of social acceleration and higher rejection of it; they are significantly less involved in information and communication technologies and have significantly lower scores in labor sphere flexibility and vocational identity. Groups of employees differ in terms of their financial status, education, and experience of unemployment. Discussion. The results obtained are of theoretical and practical importance. The scope of psychological characteristics of individuals is expanded, helping them overcome uncertainties in the labor market and thus improve the quality of employment.
Развитие навыков метакогнитивной включенности в деятельность при обучении способам понимания текста
Authors: Каменева-Любавская Евгения Н. , Борзова Татьяна В. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. One of the main aspects of text comprehension is going beyond the information actually provided in the text, which needs to be linked with the context, previous knowledge, interpreted and analyzed. This requires a high level of metacognitive engagement in activities, which allows proper planning of one's actions when working with a particular text, reflecting on or evaluating the level of comprehension. Metacognitive engagement consists of metacognitive knowledge (declarative, procedural, conditional) and metacognitive regulation (planning, information management strategies, comprehension monitoring, debugging, evaluation). The purpose of this article is to study the impact of teaching text comprehension methods on students’ metacognitive engagement in activities: possession of metacognitive knowledge and strategies. Methods. The study involved 190 students from the Far Eastern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia: 95 of them were included in the experimental group that underwent special training in text comprehension methods, while 95 students were included in the control group. In order to determine metacognitive engagement, the "Metacognitive Awareness Inventory" questionnaire by G. Shraw and R. Dennison in adaptation by A.V. Karpov and I.M. Skityaev was used. Results. Students in the experimental group who underwent training in text comprehension methods demonstrated better metacognitive skills than those in the control group who did not receive such training. Discussion. Increasing metacognitive engagement is possible through teaching students text comprehension methods. The methods included in the training program are as follows: creating an illustrative plan for the text, marking the text, asking questions, creating a conceptual table, searching for associations, creating an oral secondary text, determining the reader’s projection, and identifying contradictions.
Validation and Reliability Study of the Arabic Version of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (AV-MPQ)
Authors: Al-Bokai Haifa T. , Al-Subaihi Ali A. , Al-Subaihi Abdulrahman A. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. In the global fight against terrorism and the pursuit of cultural harmony, Saudi Arabia prioritizes fostering cross-cultural understanding amidst ongoing societal change. This necessitates evaluating cultural conflict among youth in Saudi Arabia, justifying the selection of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) for this study. Objective. The aim of this study is to identify a suitable multicultural personality scale and translate it into Arabic. Additionally, the study seeks to assess the psychometric properties of the adapted scale, focusing on its validity and reliability in measuring relevant personality traits. Methods. To investigate the research questions, a survey was administered to a convenience sample comprising 921 participants (380 males and 541 females) from the target population. These individuals were asked to complete the Arabic Version of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (AV-MPQ). Results. The findings suggest the Arabic Version of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (AV-MPQ) demonstrates promising psychometric properties within the Saudi context. This is based on evidence indicating good validity and acceptable reliability indices. Discussion. Our findings suggest the AV-MPQ holds promise as a research tool for investigating multicultural personality within Arabic contexts. However, further research is necessary to solidify its validity and generalizability. Studies employing larger, random samples and exploring the AV-MPQ in diverse populations are crucial. This will enhance our understanding of multicultural personality and its potential role in cultural conflict.
Transforming Medicine: Advances in Gene Therapy, Immunotherapy, and Targeted Cures
Authors: Gupta Komal , Siddiqui Tohfa , Sharma Vikram 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
In recent years, novel therapeutic approaches have revolutionized the landscape of
medicine, offering promising avenues for the cure of various diseases. The novel approaches explore
advancements in gene therapy in pharmaceuticals, immunotherapy, RNA-based therapeutics,
cell-based therapies, and targeted tumor therapies. Gene therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking
approach, leveraging genetic material to cure or prevent diseases by targeting defective
genes. In pharmaceuticals, gene therapy holds immense potential for addressing genetic disorders,
offering a personalized approach to medicine. Immunotherapy, on the other hand, harnesses the
body's immune system to combat diseases, including tumors, by enhancing immune responses or
directly targeting malignant cells. RNA-based therapeutics have gained prominence due to their
ability to modulate gene expression, offering targeted and precise interventions for a wide range
of diseases. Cell-based therapies involve the transplantation or manipulation of cells to restore or
enhance their function, offering innovative solutions for diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders
and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, targeted tumor therapies have revolutionized tumor
cure by specifically targeting molecular alterations driving tumor growth and minimizing damage
to healthy cells. Overall, these novel therapeutic approaches represent a paradigm shift in
medicine, offering tailored and precise interventions with the potential to significantly improve patient
outcomes and quality of life.
A Review of Biosequences Alignment, Matching, and Mining Based on GPU
Authors: Kong Xianghua , Shen Cong , Tang Jijun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Sequence alignment, pattern matching, and mining are important cornerstones in bioinformatics,
and they include identifying genome structure, protein function, and biological metabolic
regulatory network. However, because it helps speed up the dealing process, the parallel sequential
pattern recognition method has gained attention as data volume has increased. This review summarizes
the GPU-based sequence alignment, pattern matching, and mining with the tools and their applications
in bioinformatics. After giving an overview of the background, this review first introduces
the concept and database of sequence alignment, pattern matching, and mining. Then, the basic
architecture and parallel computing principle of GPU are briefly described. Next, the design of
GPU-based algorithms and optimization strategies in sequence alignment, pattern matching, and
mining are listed in detail. By comparing and analyzing the existing research, the summarization of
the advantages and challenges of GPU application in bioinformatics are given. Finally, the future
research direction is prospected, including the further development of the algorithm combined with
machine learning and deep learning.
User-Centered Design of Neuroprosthetics: Advancements and Limitations
Authors: Badr Yara , AlSawaftah Nour , Husseini Ghaleb 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Neurological conditions resulting from severe spinal cord injuries, brain injuries, and
other traumatic incidents often lead to the loss of essential bodily functions, including sensory and
motor capabilities. Traditional prosthetic devices, though standard, have limitations in delivering the
required dexterity and functionality. The advent of neuroprosthetics marks a paradigm shift, aiming
to bridge the gap between prosthetic devices and the human nervous system. This review paper explores
the evolution of neuroprosthetics, categorizing devices into sensory and motor neuroprosthetics
and emphasizing their significance in addressing specific challenges. The discussion section
delves into long-term challenges in clinical practice, encompassing device durability, ethical considerations,
and issues of accessibility and affordability. Furthermore, the paper proposes potential solutions
with a specific focus on enhancing sensory experiences and the importance of user-friendly
interfaces. In conclusion, this paper offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of neuroprosthetics,
outlining future research and development directions to guide advancements in the field.
Re-evaluating Cartilage Defect Measurement Methods and Standard Surgical Thresholds: An Opinion Piece
Authors: Cederman Matthew , Bicos James , Guettler Joseph 
Published: January 2025

Cartilage lesion size is an essential component in treatment algorithms for various therapeutic and surgical interventions. Obtaining accurate and precise measurements is critical to formulating a comprehensive treatment plan. Standard measurement methods overestimate lesion size due to inadequate shape evaluation. Furthermore, currently accepted surgical intervention thresholds are elevated beyond the level at which rim stress demonstrates significant load distribution within the knee. Based on the current literature, evaluating a chondral lesion based on the oval area proved to be a novel proposition. The excess area (EA) that accounted for in following the rectangular area (RA) measurement method is described by the following equation: EA 0.858 (r1 x r2). Furthermore, the EA occupies roughly 21.45% of the defect area regardless of lesion size.
Additionally, the lesion size threshold within the knee has significant implications beginning at 1cm2, as opposed to the currently accepted surgical threshold of 2cm2. However, how cartilage defects are measured needs to be rooted in more scientific and precise manners to best aid in clinical and pre-operative decision-making. Utilizing the alternative measurement method, surgeons can make more informed treatment plans with each patient. While the decision to treat cartilage defects is multifactorial, surgical intervention algorithms should be re-evaluated, provided the refined measurement methods and newer threshold recommendations.
Robotic Process Automation and Enterprise Systems: Toward Cost Efficiency
Authors: Wang Yunsen , Huang Feiqi , Chiu Tiffany 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
This study uses analytical modeling to compare the total costs of robotic process automation (RPA) and enterprise systems in business process automation and system integration. Specifically, the total costs of implementing and operating RPA and enterprise systems are compared with the total costs of manual processing. The results show that the optimal solution is determined by the transaction volume and business process complexity. Under different scenarios, the optimal solution can be RPA, enterprise systems, or manual processing. We also use numeric examples to demonstrate the findings of analytical modeling. This study contributes to the literature and the accounting practice by presenting optimal solutions for business process automation and system integration under different transaction volume and business process complexity scenarios.
Aesthetic Experience and Creativity of Expert Cultural Entrepreneurs in Colombia: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Monroy Ernesto , Gutierrez-Gonzalez Lisseth , Barrios Diana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This qualitative research addresses the psychological study of the confluence between aesthetic experience and creative process in cultural entrepreneurs, taking into account that research in Psychology of Aesthetics and Psychology of Creativity is necessary to achieve a better understanding of innovation in creative industries. We conducted a qualitative study on the role of aesthetic experience in the creative process, through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 12 expert cultural entrepreneurs from the Colombian Caribbean. As a result of a thematic analysis, we found that aesthetic experience is a relevant guide in the creativity of cultural entrepreneurs, usually represented in receptivity to aesthetic sensations that emerge during the creative process. Also, in the midst of the creative process, the entrepreneurs try to maintain a balance between individual and collective needs.
Memories of Elderly People About the Discovery Of HIV/AIDS Contagion
Authors: Oliveira Alessandra Souza de , Reis Luana Araújo dos , Nery Shahjahan Mozart Alexandre da Silva , Mascarenhas Félix Meira , Souza Joana Trengrouse Laignier De , Reis Luciana Araújo dos 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To analyze the memories of elderly people about the discovery of HIV/AIDS infection.

Theoretical framework: The diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in the elderly population has been a reality, in light of numerous studies that reveal this phenomenon in this age group. The repercussions completely change the daily life of elderly people in relation to aspects related to their physical, mental, emotional and social health.

Methods: A questionnaire with sociodemographic data and health conditions was applied, as well as a script for a semi-structured interview with questions about the diagnosis and living with HIV/AIDS.

Results and discussion: The memories of elderly people about the discovery of HIV/AIDS infection reveal the recovery of faith and religiosity as a strategy for coping with the diagnosis and the ambivalent feelings regarding living with drug treatment, between the memory of stabilization of the disease and the representation of the burden, risk of exposure of confidentiality about the diagnosis and suffering due to symptoms caused by adverse reactions.

Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights on how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of aging in the unified health system.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by addressing the experiences of elderly people with HIV/AIDS, demonstrating the need for collective commitment from public and private institutions and the involvement of the entire society, in a set of actions to confront prejudice and stigmatization.
Influence of Different Uses and Covers on the Chemical Characteristics of A Quartzarenic Neosol in the Maranhão Savannah
Authors: Silva Wilson Araújo da , Silva Cristiane Matos da , Viana Jonathan dos Santos , Silva Alinne da , Fernades Elizabeth Nunes 
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of three different land uses and soil covers on the chemical characteristics of a QUARTZARENIC NEOSSOLO in the Maranhão Cerrado. The treatments studied were: conventional pasture (PC), open area (AD) and typical cerrado (CT).

Theoretical Reference: The study is based on concepts of soil fertility, especially the impact of agricultural management practices, such as liming and fertilisation, on the chemical composition of the soil. The QUARTZARENIC NEOSSOLS, due to their sandy texture and low nutrient and water retention capacity, present limitations for agricultural cultivation, according to studies by Embrapa (2021).

Method: Macronutrients (P, S, Ca and Mg), micronutrients (Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu), organic matter (OM) content and base saturation (V%) were analysed. Samples were collected according to the protocol suggested by Embrapa (2015) and were taken from three representative areas of the treatments mentioned. The data was analysed using statistical tests of variance (ANOVA) and paired mean tests (Tukey).

Results and Discussion: The results showed that, for most of the chemical parameters analysed, the highest averages were obtained in the conventional pasture area (CP). This is due to the chemical residues from liming and fertilisation applied when the pasture was established and managed. On the other hand, the uncovered area (AD) and the typical cerrado (CT) showed lower concentrations of nutrients and organic matter. The analysis also revealed that the QUARTZARENIC NEOSSOLS in this region, despite their natural limitations, can be productive when well managed.

Research Implications: The research highlights the importance of proper soil management, especially liming and fertilisation, to improve fertility and make agricultural production viable on QUARTZARENIC NEOSSOLS. Conventional grazing can be an effective strategy for improving the soil's chemical conditions, although it is also necessary to properly manage bare areas to avoid soil degradation.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of different land uses on the chemical properties of QUARTZ NEOSSOLS in the Maranhão Cerrado. The research offers insights into how to improve agricultural productivity and the sustainability of management in areas with natural limitations, highlighting the potential of areas apparently unsuitable for cultivation.