bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial Myopathy Quantified by Speckle-tracking Echocardiography in Mice
Authors: Zhang Michael J. , Gyberg Dylan J. , Healy Chastity L. , Zhang Naixin , Liu Hong , Dudley Samuel C. , O’Connell Timothy D. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Emerging evidence suggests that atrial myopathy may be the underlying pathophysiology that explains adverse cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation. Lower left atrial (LA) function (strain) is a key biomarker of atrial myopathy, but murine LA strain has not been described, thus limiting translational investigation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize LA function by speckle-tracking echocardiography in mouse models of atrial myopathy.

METHODS:

We used 3 models of atrial myopathy in wild-type male and female C57Bl6/J mice: (1) aged 16 to 17 months, (2) Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion, and (3) high-fat diet+Nω-nitro-
L
-arginine methyl ester (HF with preserved ejection fraction, HFpEF). LA reservoir, conduit, and contractile strain were measured using speckle-tracking echocardiography from a modified parasternal long-axis window. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, and global longitudinal strain were also measured. Transesophageal rapid atrial pacing was used to induce atrial fibrillation.

RESULTS:
LA reservoir, conduit, and contractile strain were significantly reduced in aged, Ang II and HFpEF mice compared with young controls. There were no sex-based interactions. Left ventricular diastolic function and global longitudinal strain were lower in aged, Ang II and HFpEF, but left ventricular ejection fraction was unchanged. Atrial fibrillation inducibility was low in young mice (5%), moderately higher in aged mice (20%), and high in Ang II (75%) and HFpEF (83%) mice.

CONCLUSIONS:
Using speckle-tracking echocardiography, we observed reduced LA function in established mouse models of atrial myopathy with concurrent atrial fibrillation inducibility, thus providing the field with a timely and clinically relevant platform for understanding the pathophysiology and discovery of novel treatment targets for atrial myopathy.
Detection of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Low-Field, Portable Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Stroke
Authors: Mazurek Mercy H. , Parasuram Nethra R. , Peng Teng J. , Beekman Rachel , Yadlapalli Vineetha , Sorby-Adams Annabel J. , Lalwani Dheeraj , Zabinska Julia , Gilmore Emily J. , Petersen Nils H. , Falcone Guido J. , Sujijantarat Nanthiya , Matouk Charles , Payabvash Sam , Sze Gordon , Schiff Steven J. , Iglesias Juan Eugenio , Rosen Matthew S. , de Havenon Adam , Kimberly W. Taylor , Sheth Kevin N. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Neuroimaging is essential for detecting spontaneous, nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Recent data suggest ICH can be characterized using low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Our primary objective was to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of ICH on a 0.064T portable MRI (pMRI) scanner using a methodology that provided clinical information to inform rater interpretations. As a secondary aim, we investigated whether the incorporation of a deep learning (DL) reconstruction algorithm affected ICH detection.

METHODS:
The pMRI device was deployed at Yale New Haven Hospital to examine patients presenting with stroke symptoms from October 26, 2020 to February 21, 2022. Three raters independently evaluated pMRI examinations. Raters were provided the images alongside the patient’s clinical information to simulate real-world context of use. Ground truth was the closest conventional computed tomography or 1.5/3T MRI. Sensitivity and specificity results were grouped by DL and non-DL software to investigate the effects of software advances.

RESULTS:
A total of 189 exams (38 ICH, 89 acute ischemic stroke, 8 subarachnoid hemorrhage, 3 primary intraventricular hemorrhage, 51 no intracranial abnormality) were evaluated. Exams were correctly classified as positive or negative for ICH in 185 of 189 cases (97.9% overall accuracy). ICH was correctly detected in 35 of 38 cases (92.1% sensitivity). Ischemic stroke and no intracranial abnormality cases were correctly identified as blood-negative in 139 of 140 cases (99.3% specificity). Non-DL scans had a sensitivity and specificity for ICH of 77.8% and 97.1%, respectively. DL scans had a sensitivity and specificity for ICH of 96.6% and 99.3%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
These results demonstrate improvements in ICH detection accuracy on pMRI that may be attributed to the integration of clinical information in rater review and the incorporation of a DL-based algorithm. The use of pMRI holds promise in providing diagnostic neuroimaging for patients with ICH.
Robot-Assisted Transcranial Doppler Versus Transthoracic Echocardiography for Right to Left Shunt Detection
Authors: Rubin Mark N. , Shah Ruchir , Devlin Thomas , Youn Teddy S. , Waters Michael F. , Volpi John J. , Stayman Aaron , Douville Colleen M. , Lowenkopf Ted , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Alexandrov Andrei V. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Right to left shunt (RLS), including patent foramen ovale, is a recognized risk factor for stroke. RLS/patent foramen ovale diagnosis is made by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), which is insensitive, transesophageal echocardiography, which is invasive, and transcranial Doppler (TCD), which is noninvasive and accurate but scarce.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, single-arm device clinical trial of robot-assisted TCD (raTCD) versus TTE for RLS diagnosis at 6 clinical sites in patients who presented with an event suspicious for embolic cerebrovascular ischemia from October 6, 2020 to October 20, 2021. raTCD was performed with standard TCD bubble study technique. TTE bubble study was performed per local standards. The primary outcome was rate of RLS detection by raTCD versus TTE.

RESULTS:

A total of 154 patients were enrolled, 129 evaluable (intent to scan) and 121 subjects had complete data per protocol. In the intent to scan cohort, mean age was 60±15 years, 47% were women, and all qualifying events were diagnosed as ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. raTCD was positive for RLS in 82 subjects (64%) and TTE was positive in 26 (20%; absolute difference 43.4% [95% CI, 35.2%–52.0%];
P
<0.001). On prespecified secondary analysis, large RLS was detected by raTCD in 35 subjects (27%) versus 13 (10%) by TTE (absolute difference 17.0% [95% CI, 11.5%–24.5%];
P
<0.001). There were no serious adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS:
raTCD was safe and ≈3 times more likely to diagnose RLS than TTE. TTE completely missed or underdiagnosed two thirds of large shunts diagnosed by raTCD. The raTCD device, used by health professionals with no prior TCD training, may allow providers to achieve the known sensitivity of TCD for RLS and patent foramen ovale detection without the need for an experienced operator to perform the test. Pending confirmatory studies, TCD appears to be the superior screen for RLS compared with TTE (funded by NeuraSignal).

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04604015.
Protein Carbonylation Contributes to Prothrombotic Fibrin Clot Phenotype in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Clinical Associations
Authors: Błaż Michał , Natorska Joanna , Bembenek Jan P. , Członkowska Anna , Ząbczyk Michał , Polak Maciej , Undas Anetta 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with enhanced oxidative stress and unfavorably altered fibrin clot properties. We investigated determinants of plasma protein carbonylation (PC) in AIS, its impact on the prothrombotic state, and prognostic value during follow-up.

METHODS:
We included 98 consecutive AIS patients aged 74±12 years (male:female ratio, 50:48 [51%:49%]) at the Neurology Center in Warsaw, Poland, between January and December 2014. As many as 74 (75.5%) patients underwent thrombolysis, and 24 were unsuitable for thrombolysis. We determined plasma PC, along with thrombin generation, fibrin clot permeability, and clot lysis time on admission, at 24 hours, and 3 months. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and stroke outcome with the modified Rankin Scale. Hemorrhagic transformation was assessed on the computed tomography scan within 48 hours from the symptom onset, while stroke-related mortality was evaluated at 3 months.

RESULTS:

On admission, PC levels (median, 4.61 [3.81–5.70] nM/mg protein) were associated with the time since symptom onset (r=0.41;
P
<0.0001) and with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (
P
=0.36;
P
=0.0003). Higher PC levels on admission correlated with denser fibrin clot formation and prolonged clot lysis time but not with thrombin generation. In thrombolysed patients, lower PC levels were observed after 24 hours (−34%) and at 3 months (−23%; both
P
<0.001). PC levels at baseline and after 24 hours predicted the modified Rankin Scale score >2 at 3 months (OR, 1.90 [95% CI, 1.21–3.00]; OR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.39–3.44], respectively). Higher PC at baseline predicted hemorrhagic transformation of stroke (OR, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.02–3.74]) and stroke-related mortality (OR, 2.02 [95% CI, 1.08–3.79]), while higher PC at 24 hours predicted solely stroke-related mortality (OR, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.28–3.46]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Elevated plasma PC levels in patients with AIS, related to prothrombotic fibrin clot properties, are associated with stroke severity. Thrombolysis reduces the extent of PC. The current study suggests a prognostic value of PC in AIS.
“… that which wishes to articulate itself in you”
Authors: Izenson Andy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Jewish anarchist mysticism weaves elusively through the worlds of art, politics, and religion, informing all three with the concept of do’ikayt, or “hereness.” This essay will bring together threads of the Jewish roots of the Dada and Surrealist movements as they burst into queerness with the work of Claude Cahun, William S. Burroughs, and Genesis Breyer P-Orridge, and examine in particular the cut-up method as employed by those artists across media before examining an application of the same method to a pantheist Jewish transness through the mystical practice of gender confirmation surgery to arrive at a theory of bodily hereness. Using the writer’s own experimentation with gender and cut-up poetry to seek a nonlinear harmony with the Spinozan immanent Hashem-as-living-universe, this writing explores the rejection of not only the gender binary, but also the binary inherent in representational art to replace both with the somatic experience of fragments of the universe ricocheting off each other and being transformed by the interaction.
Radiant Livingness
Authors: Zukowski Karen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the Erol Beker Chapel of the Good Shepherd in St. Peter’s Lutheran Church in New York City, one of few extant immersive environments created by sculptor Louise Nevelson and the only one with explicitly Christian content. In the mid-1970s, Nevelson collaborated with Rev. Ralph Peterson, who commissioned the chapel within St. Peter’s, a new urban church in the Citicorp complex. Nevelson was able to pursue her idiosyncratic spirituality, expressed in a life-long exploration of the fourth dimension, which she considered a gateway to transformation. Peterson was able to work with “the greatest living American sculptor” on an inspirational space for meditation and ritual, for his Lutheran church dedicated to an arts and social-action ministry. The pastor and artist found common ground in the language of abstraction, creating a gleaming white space of joy and life. The paper provides a close reading of the iconography of the chapel’s sculptural components, meaning that is amplified by other designed elements, including lighting, pew arrangement, and a Nevelson-designed vestment. This paper also examines how the chapel functions in the twenty-first century as a religious space. After years of relative obscurity and benign neglect, the Chapel is today undergoing restoration and reassessment. It can once again fulfill its role as a space of radiant livingness.
Habitat selection of endangered Amami rabbits on Tokuno-Shima Island in Japan as assessed by counting fecal pellet groups on roads
Authors: Seki Yoshikazu , Nakashima Katsumi , Nakashima Atsushi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Understanding the habitat selection patterns of animals is important for developing land-use plans for species conservation. The death of endangered Amami rabbits (Pentalagus furnessi), which are found only on two islands in Japan, due to vehicle collisions is a serious problem. To reduce the incidence of road kill and conserve the population of Amami rabbits, factors that contribute to the species’ proximity to roads need to be examined. We examined the habitat selection of Amami rabbits by counting their fecal pellet groups on roads on Tokuno-Shima Island, Japan. We obtained 101 presence observations, which revealed that Amami rabbits select areas close to natural forests, farmlands, and rivers and areas with steeper slopes. The selection by the species of natural forest and farmland is likely due to the availability of herbaceous and shrub plants at forest edges and crops and weeds in farmland for foraging. The high utilization of steep-sloping terrain could help Amami rabbits minimize predation risk from the native habu pit viper (Protobothrops flavoviridis). The frequent utilization of forest edges and farmland by Amami rabbits increases their risk of becoming road kill and the risk of crop damage, which are serious problems on the island. To prevent Amami rabbits from crossing roads and reduce crop damage, fences should be constructed particularly in high-rabbit-density areas, and should not facilitate population fragmentation of the species.
Ecclesiological Anthropology
Authors: Bordeianu Radu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Eastern Orthodox Church has a long history of women’s ordination to the diaconate. Equally consistent is the absence of female priesthood and female episcopate. This article inquires – theoretically, as it is not a call to action – whether there are any theological reasons for this latter absence, or whether it is based exclusively on precedent and practice. Such an inquiry first presupposes an introduction to the history of the female diaconate in the East in order to establish that Ordination is not restricted to males. Second, it necessitates a historical approach to the question of women’s ordination to the priesthood, short as this history might be. Third, it challenges theological arguments against women’s ordination from the perspective of Eastern Christology, soteriology, anthropology, sacramental theology, and the relationship between theology and culture. The article concludes with some practical considerations regarding the negative consequences of the excessive masculinization of the Church.
On Plurality and Relativism in History
Authors: Zeleňák Eugen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The existence of differing historical interpretations of the same happenings and the consequences of this phenomenon have attracted scholarly attention and deserve to be studied in the future by philosophers of history. Plurality repeatedly surfaces in historical discussions and relativism seems to be one of the obvious conclusions drawn from the existence of competing historical accounts. In my paper, I begin with plurality in history to examine further the issue of relativism. I focus on the dualism of scheme and content as being at the root of relativity and subsequently argue that abandoning this type of dualism is one way how to avoid relativism even within a broadly constructivist view of history. The discussion is, moreover, linked to the issue of how historians present their accounts: Do they offer representations of the past or should we think about their outcomes in a different way?
Regulating Artificial Intelligence in International Investment Law
Authors: McLaughlin Mark 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The interaction between artificial intelligence (AI) and international investment treaties is an uncharted territory of international law. Concerns over the national security, safety, and privacy implications of AI are spurring regulators into action around the world. States have imposed restrictions on data transfer, utilised automated decision-making, mandated algorithmic transparency, and limited market access. This article explores the interaction between AI regulation and standards of investment protection. It is argued that the current framework provides an unpredictable legal environment in which to adjudicate the contested norms and ethics of AI. Treaties should be recalibrated to reinforce their anti-protectionist origins, embed human-centric AI principles, and embrace expert witnesses and amicus briefs.
Emerging from the Haziness of the Multilateral Trade Legal Regime
Authors: Panarella Anna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper aims at bringing some clarity on the notion of State-owned enterprises (SOEs) by exploring its relationship with that of State Trading Enterprises (STEs) through the interpretation of Article XVII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994. Although this provision is generally considered when the World Trade Organization (WTO) regulatory framework applicable to SOEs is discussed, it leaves STEs undefined. Thus, provided the increasing complexity of SOEs, the link between the latter and the notion of STEs may not be as straightforward. By investigating their dividing line through the interpretation of Article XVII GATT, the analysis will suggest that, although the notions of SOEs and STEs partially overlap, the latter is not able to capture a wider variety of entities than the ones strictly envisaged at the time of the negotiations unless an interpretative declaration is adopted – if achievable – or new multilateral negotiations are undertaken.
Ọ̀rúnmìlà and the Yorùbá Intellectual Tradition: Words and Language vis-à-vis Western Modernity
Authors: Bello Saheed Adesumbo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The essay offers a decolonial reading of the thought of Ọ̀rúnmìlà, the ancient legendary Yorùbá African messenger and interpreter of the spiritual tradition of Ifá with the aim to address the problem of hegemonic languages (such as English and French) and epistemic bias that have affected the Yorùbá intellectual tradition. The essay argues that reflection on the deep history of Yorùbá and the applied philosophy of Ọ̀rúnmìlà can better clarify the problem of language and epistemic injustices that European modernity has generated in modern Africa. The essay therefore explores what could be described as the interaction of nature-culture in the Yorùbá African intellectual tradition that continues to be silenced and distorted by imposed hegemonic languages and cultures. Through a new reading of the thought of Ọ̀rúnmìlà within the context of Ifá, the essay highlights how the problem of language and epistemic injustices disrupts the continuity of inherited African philosophical and historical traditions in modern times. Ultimately, such reading aims at revealing the contribution of the Yorùbá intellectual tradition to the global philosophical and historical discourse.
Sustaining the Impacts of University Social Responsibility
Authors: Lee Ming-Yen , Tai Chun-Shan , Nguyen Quynh-Trang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The research that led to this article examines a case study of a social enterprise (SE) that utilized the support of university social responsibility (USR) to save a rural community, reviving that community’s ability to empower itself. A qualitative approach was adopted to describe the SE development process. Observations and interviews with key participants and beneficiaries were also conducted. The findings were analyzed based on the value–process–impact framework to show comprehensively how the SE identified problems, defined its mission, and designed its business model and activities. The study shows the positive impacts that the organization had on the community as well as on the university students. The article highlights USR’s significant role and strong potential for solving social problems when incorporating the SE model, emphasizing the importance of SE s adopting a self-sustainable approach to combining resources and designing business models.
The Role of Diffusivity Changes on the Pattern of Warming in Energy Balance Models
Authors: Chang Chiung-Yin , Merlis Timothy M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Atmospheric macroturbulence transports energy down the equator-to-pole gradient. This is represented by diffusion in energy balance models (EBMs), and EBMs have proven valuable for understanding and quantifying the pattern of surface temperature change. They typically assume climate-state-independent diffusivity, chosen to well represent the current climate, and find that this is sufficient to emulate warming response in general circulation models (GCMs). Meanwhile, model diagnoses of GCM simulations have shown that the diffusivity changes with climate. There is also ongoing development for diffusivity theories based on atmospheric dynamics. Here, we examine the role that changes in diffusivity play in the large-scale equator-to-pole contrast in surface warming in EBMs, building on previous analytic EBM theories for polar-amplified warming. New analytic theories for two formulations of climate-state-dependent diffusivity capture the results of numerical EBM solutions. For reasonable choices of parameter values, the success of the new analytic theories reveals why the change of diffusivity is limited in response to radiative forcing and does not eliminate polar-amplified warming.
Top executives’ discretion and organizational performance: Analysis of quasi-governmental organizations in Korean government
Authors: Choi Sungjoo , Ko Yeongjun 
Published: October 2023

This study has examined the impacts of top executives’ discretion on organizational performance in public organizations. We analyzed longitudinally collected data from quasi-governmental organizations in Korea. The results show that top executives’ managerial discretion has an inverted U-shape relationship with the overall performance of organizations. The marginal effect of top executives’ discretion on organizational performance was negative. This suggests that the benefits from top executives’ discretion decrease as the level of managerial discretion increases. The greater discretion of top executives in project management was more likely to yield desirable outcomes for organizations. Top executives’ discretion did not significantly affect customer satisfaction and transparency of organizations. Points for practitioners This study has empirically shown that there exists an inverted U-shape relationship between managerial discretion and organizational performance. It is necessary to let public managers exercise their discretion in managing their businesses given that flexibility and innovativeness in decision making serve key roles in effective organizational management in highly turbulent organizational contexts. It will also be important to properly monitor public managers’ discretionary authority to avoid unintended negative consequences of discretion.