bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of smallholder farmers’ use of indigenous knowledge in Ethiopian avocado (Persea americana Mill.) production and fruit preference criteria
Authors: Sina Benta , Demissie Hewan , Rezene Yayis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Avocado is a versatile fruit that has been farmed for its flavor, nutritional worth, and socioeconomic benefit in Ethiopia and other parts of the world. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate smallholder farmers’ indigenous knowledge of avocado production, harvesting, repinning, preference, management, and utilization in southern Ethiopia.

Methods
Data were collected from 295 avocado farmers using participatory research evaluation instruments and techniques. The descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used to analyze the data.

Results
The results of this study demonstrated that smallholder farmers, who vary in age, education, and ethnicity, have a wealth of indigenous knowledge in the areas of production, fruit preference, postharvest handling, and avocado use. Based on their long-term experience in cultivating this crop, farmers determined the best avocado races using different fruit quality traits such as size, color, and appearance. The findings revealed that the three most preferred qualities that can influence consumers’ impressions while buying or consuming avocados were fruit size, skin color, and flesh taste. The findings also demonstrated a significant positive association between farmers’ age and the amount of seedlings they produced (Spearman’s rho, rs = 0.604, p < 0.01). Furthermore, our results showed that younger farmers with higher education grow improved avocado varieties but have less experience with seedlings production, indicating a decline in indigenous knowledge about growing seedlings, particularly among young and more educated people in the study areas.

Conclusion
Findings indicated a need for creating awareness for avocado farmers about modern agronomic practices through a participatory technique to expand avocado seedling farming for future use. The results from this study call for geneticists or researchers to conduct further research on the genes associated with the most essential qualities (e.g., fruit size, skin color, taste, etc.) chosen by avocado farmers or consumers to recommend them for future breeding purposes.
What Is the Role for Pediatric Endocrinologists in the Management of Skeletal Dysplasias?
Authors: Merchant Nadia , Polgreen Lynda E , Rosenfeld Ron G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Children with skeletal dysplasias have not been consistently managed by pediatric endocrinologists despite the recognized expertise of these practitioners in managing genetic growth disorders. Growth-altering treatments have broadened the role of the pediatric endocrinologist to manage and sometimes become primary coordinators for genetic disorders such as Turner syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome. We illustrate how recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of skeletal disorders and the development of targeted treatments provide an opportunity for pediatric endocrinologists to further expand their role in managing certain skeletal dysplasias, including achondroplasia.
HOVSEP KURBANYAN’IN ROMANLARININ VE KATKIDA BULUNDUĞU ESERLERİN TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜ İÇİNDEKİ YERİ
Authors: HAMARAT YARDIMCI Zehra 
Published: December 2023

Türkçe yüzyıllar boyunca farklı alfabelerle yazılmış, ana dili farklı olan kişiler tarafından ortak iletişim dili olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu durum Türk dilinin zenginleşmesine ve Türkçe pek çok eserin yazılmasına imkân sağlamıştır. Osmanlı toplumu içinde özellikle Ermeniler hem ortak iletişim dili olarak Türkçeyi kendilerine has bir konuşma biçimiyle kullanmış hem de Türkçenin yazımında kendi alfabelerinin imkânlarından faydalanmışlardır. Bu makalede, Türkçenin yazılmasında belli bir dönem kullanılan Ermeni alfabesi üzerinde durulmuş ve Osmanlının son döneminde yaşamış olan Hovsep Kurbanyan’ın eserleri ile makale sınırlandırılmıştır. Ermeni alfabesiyle Türkçe yazılan eserlerin Türk edebiyatı ve Türk dili için önemine, Türk kültürünü ve özellikle İstanbul folklorunu yansıtma noktasındaki değerine dikkat çekmek amaçlanmış ve bu amaçla Hovsep Kurbanyan’ın yazdığı iki roman ve yazılmasına katkıda bulunduğu bir antoloji incelenmiştir.
Hovsep Kurbanyan’ın yazmış olduğu İki Kapu Yoldaşları adlı üç ciltlik romanın ve Mihran Bidar Arabacıyan ile birlikte yazdıkları Hayın Bir Adem adlı iki ciltlik romanın hem sosyal tarih adına hem de İstanbul’un gündelik hayatı ve folkloru adına önemli veriler içerdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Mihran Bidar Arabacıyan’a ait olmakla birlikte Kurbanyan’ın, neşir noktasında katkı sağladığı Hazine-yi Eşar adlı antolojinin ise Ermeni aşuğların Türk dilini kullanmadaki üstün yeteneğini ortaya koyan değerli bir eser olduğu ve Türk halk edebiyatı için önemli veriler sunduğu anlaşılmıştır. Dolayısıyla, Ermeni harfleri ile Türkçe yazılan eserlerin ayrıntılı olarak incelenmesi Osmanlı toplumunun, İstanbul’un gündelik hayatının ve folklorunun, her şeyden önemlisi ise Türkçenin özel kullanımlarının ortaya çıkarılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the 9-item Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-9)
Authors: Esa Dekta Filantropi , Shatri Hamzah , Rumende Cleopas Martin , Susilo Adityo , Maulahela Hasan , Fauzi Achmad , Simadibrata Marcellus 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND Decreasing the quality of life (QoL) of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) will increase morbidity and mortality. A valid and reliable instrument is needed to assess the QoL of patients with IBD. This study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the 9-item Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-9).
METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Indonesian version of the IBDQ-9 in adult patients with IBD at the Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, in November 2022. Patients aged 18 to 59 years who had experienced IBD for at least 2 weeks and provided informed consents were included. The total score of the IBDQ-9 Indonesian version was compared with the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) using the Spearman's correlation test. Reliability tests were examined using Cronbach’s alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
RESULTS A total of 124 participants were included in this study. The Spearman's test showed a high and significant result for the IBDQ-9 Indonesian version and the SF-36 (r = 0.769 and p<0.001). Cronbach’s alpha and ICC coefficient were equal to 0.883.
CONCLUSIONS This study provided evidence of the good validity and reliability of the IBDQ-9 Indonesian version for assessing the QoL of patients with IBD in Indonesia.
Bambara groundnut ameliorates kidney histology in female mice with protein deficiency
Authors: Firdiana Vykra Aulia , Gunanegara Rimonta Febby , Sunarti  , Nuriliani Ardaning 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND Protein deficiency (PD) can lead to kidney damage. Consuming plant-based proteins may improve this condition. Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea)has an essential amino acid score of 80%, which is higher than other legumes; thus, it is potent in overcoming malnutrition. This study aimed to determine the effect of Bambara groundnut supplementation on kidney histology in adult female mice with PD.
METHODS The study was conducted for 2 months in randomly selected female mice. These mice were grouped into the control, PD, and PD supplemented with Bambara groundnuts at 100, 200, and 300 g/kg of feed. 1 day after the last treatment, the kidneys of the mice were collected and processed histologically using the paraffin method (stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome). Parameters for observation included histopathological scoring (glomerular and interstitial space fibrosis and tubular damage), kidney histomorphometry, and organ index. Semi-quantitative data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, while quantitative data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (followed by Tukey’s test) and nested t-test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 20 (IBM Corp., USA) (p≤0.05).
RESULTS PD caused cell sloughing (moderate level) and dilatation (severe level) of the kidney tubules. It also reduced glomerular diameter and area by approximately 17.66% and 29%, respectively. PD and Bambara groundnut administration had no significant effects on the glomerular number, cortex and medulla thickness, distal and proximal tubule diameter, and kidney organ index (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS Bambara groundnut (V. subterranea) administration prevented damage to the kidney’s histological structure of protein-deficient mice.
Science communication in Congress: for what use?
Authors: Akerlof K.L. , Lemos Maria Carmen , Cloyd Emily T. , Heath Erin , Nelson Selena , Hathaway Julia , Timm Kristin M.F. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Elected members of the US Congress rely on staff, including fellows with scientific and engineering expertise, to find and interpret information for use in policymaking. Factors that impede, or facilitate, the communication of scientific information within the institution thus can play a critical role in legislative capacity, but there is a limited understanding of these dynamics in the hyper-partisan body.
Aims and objectives:
This study presents and tests a four-dimensional model describing how the obstacles to science communication in Congress change depending on whether information is sought for use in support of established policy positions (‘strategic use’) or to inform decision making (‘substantive use’).
Methods:
Data were collected between November 2017 and February 2019 through interviews with 58 congressional staff members in personal offices assigned to energy, natural resources, and science issue portfolios, and through surveys with 68 science and engineering fellows who completed their year in Congress between 2015 and 2019.
Findings:
Placing scientists and engineers in Congress as fellows augments staffing and institutional expertise. Yet we find that both staff and fellows experience communication-related impediments in using scientific information. Staff report more challenges in using science to substantively make policy decisions, due not only to lack of time, but also factors such as contacts, access, and information presentation. Fellows report fewer barriers and use science for policy in largely identical ways to staff.
Discussion and conclusion:
These findings support the proposed model and highlight the importance of staff scientific fluency and the decision-making context for science communication in Congress.
The Chikungunya virus: A reemerging cause of acute febrile illness in the high jungle of northern Peru
Authors: Aguilar-Luis Miguel Angel , Watson Hugh , Tarazona-Castro Yordi , Troyes-Rivera Lucinda , Cabellos-Altamirano Felipe , Silva-Caso Wilmer , Aquino-Ortega Ronald , Carrillo-Ng Hugo , Zavaleta-Gavidia Victor , del Valle-Mendoza Juana 
Published: December 2023

Background
The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) that causes undifferentiated acute febrile illness. Cases of CHIKV may be under-reported in Peru, given the various difficulties in diagnosing it, such as lack of diagnostic tests in remote areas, the passive nature of epidemiological surveillance, and co-circulation of other arthropod-borne pathogens. Therefore, a study was conducted in the high jungle of northern Peru to determine the prevalence of CHIKV among febrile patients and describe their clinical characteristics.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Jaen, Cajamarca, located in the high jungle of northern Peru. Patients attending primary healthcare centers within Cajamarca’s Regional Health Directorate were enrolled. The study took place from June 2020 through June 2021. Patients were eligible if they sought outpatient healthcare for a clinical diagnosis of acute febrile illness (AFI). Serum samples were collected from all patients, and the diagnosis of CHIKV was determined using real-time RT-PCR, as well as the detection of IgM antibodies by ELISA. A logistic regression model was employed to identify the risk factors for CHIKV, and the odds ratios (ORs) were calculated, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results
A total of 1 047 patients with AFI were included during the study period. CHIKV was identified in 130 patients of 1 047 (12.4%). Among the CHIKV positive cases, 84 of 130 (64.6%) were diagnosed by RT-PCR, 42 of 130 (32.3%) by IgM ELISA detection, and 4 of 130 (3.1%) by both assays. The majority of patients with CHIKV infection fell within the 18–39 years age group (50.0%), followed by the 40–59 years age group (23.9%) and those with 60 years or older (10.8%). The most common clinical symptoms observed in patients with CHIKV infection were headache (85.4%), myalgias (72.3%), and arthralgias (64.6%). The highest number of positive CHIKV cases occurred in May (23.1%), followed by March (20.0%) and February (13.8%) of 2021.

Conclusion
The study reports a considerable frequency of CHIKV infections among patients with AFI from the high jungle of northern Peru. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing CHIKV as an ongoing pathogen with continuous transmission in various areas of Peru. It is crucial to enhance epidemiological surveillance by implementing reliable diagnostic techniques, as the clinical symptoms of CHIKV infection can be nonspecific.
The static balance ability on soft and hard support surfaces in older adults with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Qi Liuxin , Zhou Mian , Mao Min , Yang Jie 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study aimed to assess the static balance ability of the older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) while standing on soft and hard support surfaces.

Methods
Forty older adults participated in this study (21 in the MCI group and 19 in the control group). Participants were required to perform balance tests under four conditions of standing: standing on a hard support surface with eyes open, standing on a soft support surface with eyes open, standing on a hard support surface with eyes closed, and standing on a soft support surface with eyes closed. Each test was measured in three trials and each trial lasted 30 seconds. Participants were asked to take off their shoes and place their feet in a parallel position with a 20-centimeter distance for bipedal support. The trajectories of the center of pressure (COP) were measured using a Kistler force platform with a frequency of 1000 Hz to assess balance while standing in both groups, with larger COP trajectories indicating poorer static balance in older adults.

Results
With eyes open, the displacement of COP in the anterior-posterior direction(D-ap) (hard support surface: P = 0.003) and the 95% confidence ellipse area(95%AREA-CE) (soft support surface: P = 0.001, hard support surface: P < 0.001) of the COP in the MCI group standing on hard and soft support surfaces were significantly larger than the control group. The 95%AREA-CE (P < 0.001) of the COP in the MCI group on the soft support surface was significantly larger than on the hard support surface. With eyes closed, the root mean square distance(RDIST), root mean square distance-ML(RDISTml), and 95%AREA-CE of the COP were no significant between-group differences when standing on hard support surfaces. However, the RDIST (P = 0.014), RDISTml (P = 0.014), and 95%AREA-CE (P = 0.001) of the COP in the MCI group on the soft support surfaces were significantly larger than the control group. The 95%AREA-CE (P < 0.001), RDIST (P < 0.001), and RDISTml (P < 0.001) of the COP in the MCI group on the soft support surface were significantly larger than the hard support surface.

Conclusion
With eyes open, the older adults with MCI showed poorer static balance ability compared to the older adults with normal cognition on soft and hard support surfaces. With eyes closed, the older adults with MCI showed poorer static balance on soft support surfaces, but no differences on hard support surfaces compared with the older adults with normal cognition. With eyes open and closed, the older adults with MCI showed poorer static balance on soft support surfaces as compared to hard support surfaces.
Feasibility, enablers and challenges of using timeliness metrics for household contact tracing and TB preventive therapy in Pakistan
Authors: Jamil Bushra , Nair Divya , Thekkur Pruthu , Laeeq Neelofar , Adil Anum , Khogali Mohammed , Zachariah Rony , Dar Berger Selma , Satyanarayana Srinath , Kumar Ajay M. V. , Bochner Aaron , McClelland Amanda , Fatima Razia , Harries Anthony D. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Screening household contacts of TB patients and providing TB preventive therapy (TPT) is a key intervention to end the TB epidemic. Global and timely implementation of TPT in household contacts, however, is dismal. We adapted the 7-1-7 timeliness metric designed to evaluate and respond to infectious disease outbreaks or pandemics, and assessed the feasibility, enablers and challenges of implementing this metric for screening and management of household contacts of index patients with bacteriologically-confirmed pulmonary TB in Karachi city, Pakistan.

Methods
We conducted an explanatory mixed methods study with a quantitative component (cohort design) followed by a qualitative component (descriptive design with focus group discussions).

Results
From January-June 2023, 92% of 450 index patients had their household contacts line-listed within seven days of initiating anti-TB treatment (“first 7”). In 84% of 1342 household contacts, screening outcomes were ascertained within one day of line-listing (“next 1”). In 35% of 256 household contacts eligible for further evaluation by a medical officer (aged ≤5 years or with chest symptoms), anti-tuberculosis treatment, TPT or a decision for no drugs was made within seven days of symptom screening (“second 7”). The principal reason for not starting anti-tuberculosis treatment or TPT was failure to consult a medical officer: only 129(50%) of 256 contacts consulted a medical officer. Reasons for poor performance in the “second 7” component included travel costs to see a medical officer, loss of daily earnings and fear of a TB diagnosis. Field staff reported that timeliness metrics motivated them to take prompt action in household contact screening and TPT provision and they suggested these be included in national guidelines.

Conclusions
Field staff found “7-1-7” timeliness metrics to be feasible and useful. Integration of these metrics into national guidelines could improve timeliness of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB within households of index patients.
ON THE ISSUE OF IMPROVING ACCOUNTING AND TAX ACCOUNTING OF FINANCIAL RESULTS OF TRADE ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Kharitonova A. D. , Vasilenko M. E. 
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the assessment of problems and methods of accounting and tax accounting of financial results. Accounting and tax accounting of financial results is an important part of economic activity. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that due to constant changes in legislation and in the economy, it is necessary to revise the methods of accounting for financial results in the organization and identify current problems and inconsistencies, otherwise it may threaten the bankruptcy of the company or penalties from the tax. Information about financial results gives a general idea of the effectiveness of the organization. The more accurate this information is, and information in modern times is the most valuable resource, the better for the organization.
The methods of accounting and tax accounting of financial results in an organization affect the accuracy and reliability of accounting statements, as well as form the tax burden, including income tax. Errors in accounting and tax accounting can significantly increase expenses and the amount of taxes paid. Also, errors can lead to an unplanned tax audit.
Analytical work has been carried out in the organization under study to find factors affecting reliable and effective accounting of financial results, and their own ways of solving problems have been proposed.
pratiques de production orale en classe de langues
Authors: Berdal-Masuy Françoise , Meurice Alice , Delforge Carole , Herbinaux Nadège , Van de Vyver Julie , Dupal Jérémie , Henin Véronique , Palm Marie 
Published: December 2023

En mai 2019, une équipe de recherche provenant d’horizons divers – enseignement secondaire, Hautes Écoles et Universités – s’est formée autour d’une thématique commune : la pratique de l’oralité des élèves en classe de langues. Le groupe s’est ensuite efforcé d’investiguer les pratiques habituelles d’enseignant.es afin d’établir dans quelle mesure la posture de ces dernier·ères pouvait être mise en lien avec le temps de parole accordé aux élèves. Six enseignantes et un enseignant de langues étrangères et niveaux différents de l’enseignement obligatoire se sont prêtés à l’exercice en permettant aux membres de l’équipe de recherche de filmer une période de pratique habituelle d’oralité dans leur classe. Une grille d’analyse commune a été créée et une formule a été pensée afin de calculer le temps de parole moyen alloué aux élèves en langue cible. Les analyses n’ont pas permis de démontrer un lien entre ce temps de parole et la posture enseignante. Il ressort cependant des observations que le type d’activité mis en place semble influencer la place accordée à l’expression orale des élèves. Quatre facteurs spécifiques au type d’activité ont été mis en avant : le type de production, les modalités de prise de parole, le nombre de locuteurs et le type de feedback.
Confidential Consortium Framework: Secure Multiparty Applications with Confidentiality, Integrity, and High Availability
Authors: Howard Heidi , Alder Fritz , Ashton Edward , Chamayou Amaury , Clebsch Sylvan , Costa Manuel , Delignat-Lavaud Antoine , Fournet Cédric , Jeffery Andrew , Kerner Matthew , Kounelis Fotios , Kuppe Markus A. , Maffre Julien , Russinovich Mark , Wintersteiger Christoph M. 
Published: December 2023

Confidentiality, integrity protection, and high availability, abbreviated to CIA, are essential properties for trustworthy data systems. The rise of cloud computing and the growing demand for multiparty applications however means that building modern CIA systems is more challenging than ever. In response, we present the Confidential Consortium Framework (CCF), a general-purpose foundation for developing secure stateful CIA applications. CCF combines centralized compute with decentralized trust, supporting deployment on untrusted cloud infrastructure and transparent governance by mutually untrusted parties.
CCF leverages hardware-based trusted execution environments for remotely verifiable confidentiality and code integrity. This is coupled with state machine replication backed by an auditable immutable ledger for data integrity and high availability. CCF enables each service to bring its own application logic, custom multiparty governance model, and deployment scenario, decoupling the operators of nodes from the consortium that governs them. CCF is open-source and available now at https://github.com/microsoft/CCF.
Construction of a functional by a given second-order Ito stochastic equation
Authors: Tleubergenov Marat , Vassilina Gulmira , Ismailova Shakhmira 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this article, we consider the problem of extending Hamilton’s principle to the class of natural mechanical systems with random perturbing forces of white noise type. By the method of moment functions, we construct the functionals taking a stationary value on the solutions of a given stochastic equation of Lagrangian structure.