bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of Abscisic Acid and Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis-related Genes in Cucurbita pepo L. Tolerance to Trace Metal Stress
Authors: Labidi Oumayma , Kouki Rim , Pérez-Clemente Rosa M. , Gómez-Cadenas Aurelio , Sleimi Noomene , Vives-Peris Vicente 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrace metal induced stress is an abiotic factor that limits crop yield, having the additional hazard of their accumulation along trophic chain. This fact supposes an emerging problem concerning the health of the population in the case of edible plants such as Cucurbita pepo (zucchini). Most of the plant physiological responses to this adverse situation are regulated by phytohormones, being abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) the most important ones, which biosynthesis comprises a key step in this hormone-mediated signaling. In this work, genes involved in ABA and JA biosynthesis have been searched in the zucchini genome, and their expression has been analyzed in leaves of adult plants subjected to Cd- or Ni-induced stress. The results showed the higher sensitivity of zucchini plants to Ni in comparison to Cd, with a higher phenotypic affection and a major decrease of total dry weight. The study of the expression of 12 target genes (5 related to JA biosynthesis and 7 related to ABA biosynthesis), allowed determining a similar genetic response in C. pepo to these metals. The results extend our knowledge of the role of phytohormones on trace metal stress tolerance. Among all the studied genes, the main ones involved in plant responses to trace metal stress were the ABA-related CpAAO3, CpZEP, and CpNCED4, as well as the JA-related CpLOX2, CpOPR3, CpAOS2, and CpJAR1. These results provide relevant information to be used in future breeding programs.
A 4-year study of bovine reproductive hormones that are induced by pharmaceuticals and appear as steroid estrogenic pollutants in the resulting slurry, using in vitro and instrumental analytical methods
Authors: Gubó Eduárd , Plutzer Judit , Molnár Tibor , Pordán-Háber Dóra , Szabó Lili , Szalai Zoltán , Gubó Richard , Szakál Pál , Szakál Tamás , Környei László , Bede-Fazekas Ákos , Kalocsai Renátó 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe main objective of the research was to study the environmental “price” of the large-scale, milk production from a rarely known perspective, from the mapping of the estrogenic footprint (the amount of oestrus-inducer hormonal products, and the generated endoestrogens) in the resulting slurry in a dairy cow farm. These micropollutants are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and can be dangerous to the normal reproductive functions even at ng/kg concentration. One of them, 17ß-estradiol, has a 20,000 times stronger estrogenic effect than bisphenol-A, a widely known EDC of industrial origin. While most studies on EDCs are short-term and/or laboratory based, this study is longitudinal and field-based. We sampled the slurry pool on a quarterly basis between 2017 and 2020. Our purpose was testing the estrogenic effects using a dual approach. As an effect-based, holistic method, we developed and used the YES (yeast estrogen screen) test employing the genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae BJ3505 strain which contains human estrogenic receptor. For testing exact molecules, UHPLC-FLD was used. Our study points out that slurry contains a growing amount of EDCs with the risk of penetrating into the soil, crops and the food chain. Considering the Green Chemistry concept, the most benign ways to prevent of the pollution of the slurry is choosing appropriate oestrus-inducing veterinary pharmaceuticals (OIVPs) and the separation of the solid and liquid parts with adequate treatment methods. To our knowledge, this is the first paper on the adaptation of the YES test for medicine and slurry samples, extending its applicability. The adapted YES test turned out to be a sensitive, robust and reliable method for testing samples with potential estrogenic effect. Our dual approach was successful in evaluating the estrogenic effect of the slurry samples.
Graphical Abstract
Towards an integrated risk analysis security framework according to a systematic analysis of existing proposals
Authors: Santos-Olmo Antonio , Sánchez Luis Enrique , Rosado David G. , Serrano Manuel A. , Blanco Carlos , Mouratidis Haralambos , Fernández-Medina Eduardo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe information society depends increasingly on risk assessment and management systems as means to adequately protect its key information assets. The availability of these systems is now vital for the protection and evolution of companies. However, several factors have led to an increasing need for more accurate risk analysis approaches. These are: the speed at which technologies evolve, their global impact and the growing requirement for companies to collaborate. Risk analysis processes must consequently adapt to these new circumstances and new technological paradigms. The objective of this paper is, therefore, to present the results of an exhaustive analysis of the techniques and methods offered by the scientific community with the aim of identifying their main weaknesses and providing a new risk assessment and management process. This analysis was carried out using the systematic review protocol and found that these proposals do not fully meet these new needs. The paper also presents a summary of MARISMA, the risk analysis and management framework designed by our research group. The basis of our framework is the main existing risk standards and proposals, and it seeks to address the weaknesses found in these proposals. MARISMA is in a process of continuous improvement, as is being applied by customers in several European and American countries. It consists of a risk data management module, a methodology for its systematic application and a tool that automates the process.
Prediction of classical versus non classical papillary thyroid carcinoma subtypes from cytology of nodules classified according to TIRADS
Authors: Scappaticcio Lorenzo , Trimboli Pierpaolo , Bellastella Giuseppe , Ferrazzano Pamela , Clery Eduardo , Cozzolino Immacolata , Montella Marco , Fasano Morena , Pirozzi Mario , Ferrandes Sonia , Docimo Giovanni , Ciardiello Fortunato , Franco Renato , Esposito Katherine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Our purposes were: 1) to estimate the prediction performance (PP) of cytology in identifying papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) subtypes; 2) to explore how the PTC subtypes distribute among the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) categories.

Methods
Nodules were included if both the histology with the PTC subtype report and the cytology report with the possible PTC subtype were available. The PP was calculated by making the proportion of True positives/False positives+false negatives.

Results
309 cytologically “suspicious for malignancy” and “malignant” thyroid nodules with PTC histology were evaluated. ACR TI-RADS categorization for classical PTC was significantly different from non-classical PTC (p-value 0.02). For the whole cohort the PP of cytologically classical cases was 0.74, while that of cytologically non classical cases was 0.41. ACR TI-RADS categorization was not significantly different for aggressive vs non-aggressive PTC subtypes (p-value 0.1). When considering only aggressive or non-aggressive PTC subtypes, the PP of cytologically classical cases was respectively 0.86 and 0.87, while that of cytologically non classical cases was respectively 0.27 and 0.22. The PP of cytologically classical cases was 0.73 and 0.79, respectively for macroPTCs and microPTCs, while that of cytologically non classical cases was 0.55 and 0.33, respectively for macroPTCs and microPTCs.

Conclusion
Cytology examination reliably performed in predicting classical PTC versus non classical PTC subtypes. ACR TI-RADS categorization was significantly different among classical PTC versus non classical PTC subtypes.
Improved guidance is needed to optimise diagnostics and treatment of patients with thyroid cancer in Europe
Authors: de la Fouchardière Christelle , Fugazzola Laura , Locati Laura D. , Alvarez Clara V. , Peeters Robin P. , Camacho Pilar , Simon Iris M. , Jarząb Barbara , Netea-Maier Romana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough thyroid cancer (TC) is generally associated with a favourable prognosis, there are certain high-risk groups with a clear unmet therapeutic need. Unravelling the genomic landscape of TC has recently led to the development of novel effective targeted treatments. To date, these treatments have mostly been evaluated in non-randomised single-arm phase II clinical trials and are consequently non-reimbursed in several countries. Furthermore, most of these agents must be tailored to individual patient molecular characteristics, a context known as personalised cancer medicine, necessitating a requirement for predictive molecular biomarker testing. Existing guidelines, both in Europe and internationally, entail mostly therapeutic rather than molecular testing recommendations. This may reflect ambiguity among experts due to lack of evidence and also practical barriers in availability of the preferred molecular somatic screening and/or targeted treatments. This article reviews existing European recommendations regarding advanced/metastatic TC management with a special focus on molecular testing, and compares findings with real-world practice based on a recent survey involving TC experts from 18 European countries. Significant disparities are highlighted between theory and practice related to variable access to infrastructure, therapies and expertise, together with the insufficient availability of multidisciplinary tumour boards. In particular, practitioners’ choice of what, how and when to test is shown to be influenced by the expertise of the available laboratory, the financing source and the existence of potential facilitators, such as clinical trial access. Overall, the need of a collaborative initiative among European stakeholders to develop standardised, accessible molecular genotyping approaches in TC is underscored.
Parenting Competences Among Migrant Families Living at Psychosocial Risk in Spain
Authors: Martins Marco , Pinto Rita , Živković Marija , Jiménez Lucía 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe impact of parenting competences on child well-being is well-established. During the last years, parenting support initiatives have increased in several countries, namely in Spain, offering support to promote parents’ childcare resources and competences, particularly for families at psychosocial risk. Recognizing the specificities of different subgroups of families, such as migrant families, allows the development of more tailored and effective interventions in the field of family support. However, there is a gap in the literature about parenting competences in migrant families. This article explores differences and similarities in parenting competences among 492 migrant and non-migrant parents involved in family preservation services in Spain, as well as examines the impact of these competences on children’s well-being. Our findings revealed that migrant and non-migrant vulnerable families face similar needs in terms of parenting competences in domains covered by the existing family support interventions. However, we found a few differences in parenting competences between both populations, as well as in the impact of several parenting competences in children’s well-being. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Local Geographic Variations in Children’s School Readiness - A Multilevel Analysis of the Development Gaps in England
Authors: Purdam K. , Troncoso P. , Morales-Gomez A. , Leckie G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe educational attainment levels of children in state-funded schools in England are lower than in many countries with comparable levels of economic development. There are also striking differences at the local level across England. To understand these differences it is important to examine children’s development in their early years. This research uses multilevel analysis of the National Pupil Database to investigate child development at ages 4 and 5 years old at the individual, school and local levels including within a case study urban area. Child development is assessed using teachers’ observations to measure what is termed School Readiness. This is based on a child’s communication, literacy and numeracy skills and their physical, personal and social development. The findings reveal substantial differences in School Readiness at the individual, school and local area levels including in terms of sex, ethnic background, age in the school year, welfare benefit entitlement and local area income deprivation level. Such differences are also evident across the separate Early Learning Goals that are used to assess School Readiness. Between local areas children with similar backgrounds can vary considerably in their likelihood of being categorised as School Ready. Many children face multiple disadvantages as a consequence of different interlinked factors including where they live. The gap in the levels of School Readiness has long-term implications for the individuals themselves and for society more widely. Whilst increasing the levels of School Readiness is a key target in the UK Government’s Levelling Up policy, tackling the stark inequalities will take considerable investment, highly targeted support and engagement across the home and school learning environments.
3D printing injectable microbeads using a composite liposomal ink for local treatment of peritoneal diseases
Authors: Eugster Remo , Ganguin Aymar Abel , Seidi Amirmohammad , Aleandri Simone , Luciani Paola 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe peritoneal cavity offers an attractive administration route for challenging-to-treat diseases, such as peritoneal carcinomatosis, post-surgical adhesions, and peritoneal fibrosis. Achieving a uniform and prolonged drug distribution throughout the entire peritoneal space, though, is difficult due to high clearance rates, among others. To address such an unmet clinical need, alternative drug delivery approaches providing sustained drug release, reduced clearance rates, and a patient-centric strategy are required. Here, we describe the development of a 3D-printed composite platform for the sustained release of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib (GEF), a small molecule drug with therapeutic applications for peritoneal metastasis and post-surgical adhesions. We present a robust method for the production of biodegradable liposome-loaded hydrogel microbeads that can overcome the pharmacokinetic limitations of small molecules with fast clearance rates, a current bottleneck for the intraperitoneal (IP) administration of these therapeutics. By means of an electromagnetic droplet printhead, we 3D printed microbeads employing an alginate-based ink loaded with GEF-containing multilamellar vesicles (MLVs). The sustained release of GEF from microbeads was demonstrated. In vitro studies on an immortalized human hepatic cancer cell line (Huh-7) proved concentration-dependent cell death. These findings demonstrate the potential of 3D-printed alginate microbeads containing liposomes for delivering small drug compounds into the peritoneum, overcoming previous limitations of IP drug delivery.
Graphical abstract
Chemically Functionalized Graphene–Boron Nitride/Polypropylene Nanocomposites with Enhanced Nanomechanical and Anti-wear Properties
Authors: Uyor Uwa O. , Popoola Abimbola P. I. , Popoola Olawale M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolymers are soft materials with large molecular chains, which are softened during frictional wear, leading to bulk detachment of materials and poor wear resistance in addition to their low mechanical strength and hardness. This study developed polypropylene nanocomposites containing hydrothermal assembled graphene and boron nitride (BN@GNs) with good mechanical properties and wear resistance. To ensure good dispersion of the nanoparticles in the polypropylene (PP) matrix, they were functionalized and preparation of masterbatch using polypropylene maleic anhydride (PPMA) was adopted, while the polymer nanocomposites for this study were developed via melt compounding. The addition of the nanoparticles in the PP matrix promoted its wear resistance as all the developed nanocomposites showed a low coefficient of friction (CoF). The wear rate of the nanocomposites was dramatically reduced to a minimum of 2.05 × 10−4 mm3/Nm for the PP/3wt%BN@GNs nanocomposite from around 24.9 × 10−4 mm3/Nm for the pure PP. The nanoindentation test results of the nanocomposites also revealed improvement in their nanomechanical characteristics. For instance, PP/3wt%BN@GNs nanocomposite showed an ideal increase of about 124% nano-hardness and 65.7% nano-elastic modulus when compared to pure PP. In comparison to pure PP, all of the developed nanocomposites displayed lower nano-percentage creep and nanoindenter’s tip penetration depth, which suggest greater plastic deformation resistance.
Fivefold‐Coordinated Silicon in MgSiO3 Melt Accommodates Viscous Flow up to Transition Zone Pressures
Authors: Schulze Maximilian , Spiekermann Georg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFivefold‐coordinated silicon is assumed to be the transitional species that accommodates the structural relaxation needed for viscous flow of silicate melts, but so far robust insight at the atomic scale is missing. Furthermore, the role of fivefold‐coordinated silicon in melts at Earth's mantle pressures is unknown. Here we discuss the relative dynamic stabilities of four‐, five‐ and sixfold Si–O coordination polyhedra in MgSiO3 melt at pressures up to 40 GPa, obtained from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and a novel concept based on a coordination auto‐correlation function. Successfully benchmarked against the relaxation time predicted by Maxwell's relation, our results show that fivefold‐coordinated silicon accommodates structural relaxation not only at ambient pressure, but at least up to the pressures of the mantle transition zone. These results shed new light on the interplay between structure and viscosity of silicate melts.
Radio Occultation Measurements of Europa's Ionosphere From Juno's Close Flyby
Authors: Parisi M. , Caruso A. , Buccino D. R. , Gramigna E. , Withers P. , Gomez‐Casajus L. , Coffin D. A. , Park R. S. , Steffes P. , Tortora P. , Zannoni M. , Levin S. , Bolton S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOn 29 September 2022 the Juno spacecraft flew within 354 km of Europa's surface while several instruments probed the moon's surroundings. During the close flyby, radio occultations were performed by collecting single‐frequency Doppler measurements. These investigations are essential to the study of Europa's ionosphere and represent the first repeat sampling of any set of conditions since the Galileo era. Ingress measurements resulted in a marginal detection with a peak ionospheric density of 4,000 ± 3,700 cm−3 (3σ) at 22 km altitude. A more significant detection emerged on egress, with a peak density of 6,000 ± 3,000 cm−3 (3σ) at 320 km altitude. Comparison with Galileo measurements reveals a consistent picture of Europa's ionosphere, and confirms its dependence on illumination conditions and position within Jupiter's magnetosphere. However, the overall lower densities measured by Juno suggest a dependence on time of observation, with implications for the structure of the neutral atmosphere.
Observations on the Variations of the Field‐Aligned Irregularities in the Plasma Bubbles at Low‐Latitudes of China
Authors: Jia Wei , Chen Gang , Xu Jiyao , Yan Chunxiao , Wu Kun , Zhang Shaodong , Zhang Min , Yuan Wei , Li Yaxian , Gong Wanlin , Hu Pengfei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe concurrent observation of the Hainan COherent Scatter Phased Array Radar (HCOPAR) and the 630 nm all‐sky airglow imager was carried out on the night of 13 April 2015 in low‐latitudes of China. The plasma bubble recorded by the airglow imager and the Field‐Aligned Irregularities (FAIs) observed by the HCOPAR kept a good consistency. At the beginning, the FAIs were found to fill the entire plasma bubble, and they were drifting eastward together. During the dissipation process, the plasma bubble became wider and wider in zonal direction, while the airglow gray gradient on the eastern and western walls of the bubble had no much changes. Simultaneously, the echo Signal‐to‐Noise Ratio (SNR) of the irregularities in the bubble became lower and lower. The SNR at the depletion center decreased fastest, and the SNR of the FAIs on the western wall of the bubble fell more slowly than those in other parts. Polarization electric field in the bubble is suggested to have influence on the distribution of the FAIs. Gradient drift instability on the western wall supported the FAIs to live longer, and the FAIs on the eastern wall, namely on the front edge of the bubble, dissipated more rapidly.
Sensitivity of African Easterly Waves to Dust Forcing
Authors: Bangalath Hamza Kunhu , Raj Jerry , Stenchikov Georgiy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is a lack of consensus regarding the sign and magnitude of the effect of dust‐radiative forcing on African easterly waves (AEWs) among past studies. The uncertainty in the dust‐radiative forcing associated with the estimation of shortwave absorption is a leading cause of disagreement in the literature. The inability of models to represent various dust‐AEW interaction pathways also leads to uncertainty among modeling studies. The present study investigates the sensitivity of AEWs to the observed variability in dust shortwave absorption using a high‐resolution atmospheric general circulation model. Global simulations are conducted at a spatial resolution of about 25 km to simulate AEWs and associated circulation features adequately well. The results reveal that AEWs are highly sensitive to dust shortwave absorption. In addition, the AEW activity intensifies and broadens the wave track with a southward shift in response to dust shortwave absorption. Eddy kinetic energy (EKE) associated with AEWs changes by approximately ±25% for the range of dust shortwave absorption used. The 6–9 days waves are more sensitive to dust shortwave absorption than the 3–5 days waves, with the response in the former exhibiting a stark land‐sea contrast. The sensitivity of AEWs to dust heating stems from a combination of the responses from various energy conversions. Although baroclinic energy conversion is the dominant term in the energy cycle, the responses to dust shortwave heating in barotropic and generation terms are comparable to those in baroclinic conversion.