bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algorithm for Calculating Reliability of Single Linear Section of Steel Underground Pipeline
Authors: Strutsky N. V. , Romaniuk V. N. 
Published: December 2023

One of the most widespread technical systems in the world is underground steel pipeline communications (heat pipelines, main and distribution oil and gas pipelines, etc.). Accordingly, reliability assessment of such technical systems and their components is of great theoretical and practical interest. At the modern level of development, reliability calculation has become a mandatory stage in the design and diagnostics (during operation) of any technical systems in ge-neral, and in particular pipeline systems. A reliable calculation, either explicitly or implicitly, is always based on the model of the object being calculated. It is the adequacy of the model to the real physical relations and processes inside the technical object that determines the accuracy and practical value of calculation methods. It is proposed to consider a single linear section of an underground steel pipeline as a complex technical system of unequal elements from the point of view of reliability – the main element (steel pipe) and auxiliary protective elements combined into subsystems (blocks). The algorithm for calculating the reliability of the object is based on the method of block diagrams, taking into account the influence of the aftereffect of the failure of an auxiliary element (elements) on the reliability parameters of the main element, which more adequately reflects the specific features of the design and operation of steel pipelines compared with the applied static models. The variants of structural design of a steel underground gas pipeline with a protective insulation coating and with complex corrosion protection (insulation and electrochemical protection) are considered, for which refined formulas are obtained for calculating the main reliability (failure-free) indicators.
A comprehensive study on soil parameters influencing collapsibility of loess through data analysis
Authors: Motameni Sahand , Rostami Fateme , Soroush Abbas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Loessial soils may settle and collapse under significant loading or water inundation. Therefore, their mechanical behavior and collapse potential must be assessed before undertaking any construction work. However, conducting a thorough empirical assessment of soil collapsibility would be both costly and time-consuming. Therefore, in this study, a dataset, including the results of 756 oedometer test records on loessial soils, as well as the physical properties of the samples, has been gathered from 27 published papers. Subsequently, a grey relational analysis (GRA) was used to identify the most influential factors among the thirteen most significant factors. The results showed that the most influential factors on the collapsibility of loess are the plasticity index, dry unit weight, initial void ratio, and degree of saturation. Finally, using the multivariate non-linear regression (MNLR) technique, a prediction equation has been derived to predict the collapse potential of loess with an acceptable level of accuracy.
RETRACTED: Study to design and implement new haptic training and teaching concepts in microsurgery for incremental skill enhancement using 3D printing and digital microscopy. 3D-printable microsurgical trainings parkour – protocol for a randomized study
Authors: Grochau Christian Alexander , Mannil Lijo , Datta Rabi Raj , Bußhoff Jana , Bruns Christiane 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
6 March, 2024 An author has requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square due to incorrect data in addition to author disagreements.
Determining the Effects of Targeted High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Reducing Post-Stroke Upper Limb Motor Impairments – a Randomized Cross-over Study.
Authors: Peng Rita Huan-Ting , He Dorothy , James Shirley A. , Williamson Jordan , Skadden Carly , Jain Sanjiv , Hassaneen Wael , Miranpuri Amrendra , Kaur Amandeep , Sarol Jesus N , Yang Yuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death in the US and is a major cause of serious disability for adults. This randomized crossover study examines the effect of targeted high-definition transcranial direct current transcranial brain stimulation (tDCS) on upper extremity motor recovery in patients in the sub-acute phase of stroke recovery.
Methods: This randomized double blinded cross-over study includes four intervention arms: anodal, cathodal, and bilateral brain stimulation, as well as a placebo stimulation. Participants receive each intervention in a randomized order, with a two-week washout period between each intervention. The primary outcome measure is change in Motor Evoked Potential. Secondary outcome measures include the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (FM-UE) score, a subset of FM-UE (A), related to the muscle synergies, and the Modified Ashworth Scale.
Discussion: We hypothesize that anodal stimulation to the ipsilesional primary motor cortex will increase the excitability of the damaged cortico-spinal tract, reducing the UE flexion synergy and enhancing UE motor function. We further hypothesize that targeted cathodal stimulation to the contralesional premotor cortex will decrease activation of the cortico-reticulospinal tract (CRST) and the expression of the upper extremity (UE) flexion synergy and spasticity. Finally, we hypothesize bilateral stimulation will achieve both results simultaneously. Results from this study could improve understanding of the mechanism behind motor impairment and recovery in stroke and perfect the targeting of tDCS as a potential stroke intervention. With the use of appropriate screening, we anticipate no ethical or safety concerns. We plan to disseminate these research results to journals related to stroke recovery, engineering, and medicine.
Trial registration: The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration number: NCT05479006, Registered 26 July, 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05479006
Diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency diseases by flow cytometry in Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker Avizit , Islam Mohammad Imnul , Nigar Ismet , Juyee Nusrat Akhter , Ahmed S. M. Ali , Chakrobortty Tripty , Soma Susmita Karmakar , Ali Eunus , Roy Chandan Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDDs) are clinically and immunologically diverse and require a wide array of clinical and laboratory modalities to make specific diagnosis. Serum immunoglobulin levels and T-B-NK cell immunophenotyping are routine laboratory investigations advised to diagnose the PIDD cases in Bangladesh. Along with T-B-NK markers, use of Naïve (CD45RA+) and memory T cell (CD45RO+), switched memory B cell (CD27 + IgD-) markers, detection of intracellular BTK, LRBA, DOCK8 protein expression and DHR123 (Dihydro-rhodamine 123) assay of neutrophil can increase the PIDD cases detection in Bangladesh. The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) during the time period of August, 2021 to July, 2022. Seventy clinically suspected PIDD cases were enrolled in this study on the basis of clinical findings and peripheral venous blood was collected from all patients to perform immunophenotyping. Routine T-B-NK cell, naïve and memory T cell with switched memory B cell markers were detected by flow-cytometry. Serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA & IgE) were estimated by Nephelometry and by Chemiluminescence. Intracellular BTK, LRBA and DOCK8 protein expression was detected by flow-cytometry in suspected X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), LRBA and DOCK8 deficiency patients respectively. DHR123 assay was performed in suspected Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients. Among the 70 clinically suspected PIDD cases, 9 (12.9%) were diagnosed as patients of PIDDs on the basis of laboratory evidence. Five (55.55%) cases were diagnosed as predominantly antibody deficiency disorders (PADs), 3 (33.33%) were patients of combined immunodeficiency (CID) and 1 (11.11%) was CGD patient. Among the diagnosed PIDD cases, 2 (22.22%) were diagnosed by T-B-NK cell immunophenotyping with serum immunoglobulin levels and 7 (77.77%) cases were diagnosed by additional CD45RA, CD45RO, CD27 + and IgD- markers, BTK protein expression detection and DHR123 assay. LRBA and DOCK8 deficiency cases could not found in this study. The use of additional markers (CD45RA, CD45RO, CD27 and IgD) with BTK, LRBA, DOCK8 intracellular protein expression evaluation and DHR123 assay by flow-cytometry can increase rate of specific diagnosis of the PIDD cases in Bangladeshi paediatric population.
LSR is a cell-intrinsic defence factor against SARS-CoV-2 infection in small intestine
Authors: Gong Yongfeng , An Yanan , Wang Chao , Wang Ziqi , Kong Feng , Jiang Min , Liu Ti , Zhang Shu , Du Kaige , Yin Liang , Jiao Peng , Li Ying , Fan Baozhen , Zhou Chengjun , Wang Mingxia , Sun Hui , Lei Jie , Zhao Shengtian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The identification of host factors with antiviral potential is important for developing effective prevention as well as therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we have identified the lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) as a crucial host-defense factor against SARS-CoV-2 infection in small intestine using immortalized cell lines, intestinal organoids, ex vivo intestinal tissues, and humanized ACE2 mouse model as proof-of-principle systems. Loss of endogenous LSR enhances ACE2-dependent infection by pseudotyped virus and authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus, and exogenous administration of LSR protect against viral infection. Mechanistically, LSR interacts with ACE2 both in cis and in trans, preventing its binding to Spike protein, and thus blocking viral entry and restricting Spike-mediated cell-cell fusion. These results identify both a previously unknown function for LSR and an associated antiviral host defense mechanism against SARS-CoV-2. The capacity of a small LSR-derived peptide to block Spike binding to the ACE2 receptor holds promise for pan-variant therapeutic interventions.
Management of dredged marine sediments in southern France: main keys to large-scale beneficial re-use
Authors: DORLEON Garry , Rigaud Sylvain , Techer Isabelle 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Each year fifty million cubic meters of marine sediments are dredged in France to maintain and develop harbor activities and sustain the economy of littoral territories. Because of anthropogenic activities in and around harbours, bottom sediments can contain more or less significant amounts of chemical and organic pollutants whose behavior during dredging must be addressed in order to avoid releasing and risks for human and environment. French regulations come to govern the management of dredged marine sediments, considering them ‘safe’ and possibly to be dumped at sea or ‘contaminated’ and needed to be treated on land as waste. These last years, new constraints are pushing towards a management on land. This management is however challenging as few channels are proposed to promote or reuse marine sediments, and elimination appears to be economically and environmentally unsustainable. This study provides an overview of the technical and regulatory aspects related to dredged marine sediment management in France and aims to identify and discuss the limits or barriers of their valorization. Dredged sediments are mainly composed of particles with heterogeneous grain size, some being known for many applications such as building materials and growing media. However, several reasons have been put forward to explain why these particles are not reused when extracted from dredged sediments. Several technical, socio-economic and regulatory obstacles explain the low demand for dredged sediments. This demand can be stimulated by government incentives and a good regulatory framework. National regulations could help streamline the reuse of dredged sediments by standardizing sediment composition tests, removing the "waste" status attributed to dredged sediments and creating a regulated market for dredged sediment-based products, thus creating a promising economic sector.
Steel and aluminium moulds: comparative analysis of optimal parameters to inject amorphous and semicrystalline polymers
Authors: Marconi Pedro , Amarante Evandro Menezes de Souza , Fialho Rosana Lopes Lima , Ferreira Cristiano Vasconcellos , Beal Valter Estevão , Junior Armando Sá Ribeiro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The thermoplastic injection moulding process is very important in the plastics industry, as it enables automated production, supports high productivity and allows the production of plastic parts with complex geometries. It is possible to split in two large groups of polymers: amorphous and semicrystalline. Cooling rate and other injection moulding parameters have great influence over the final properties of the plastic part. Regarding the use of aluminium as cavity material in injection moulds, new variables must be included in the analysis, since its thermal properties are significantly different from those presented by steels, which are traditionally used. In this way, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aluminium and steel cavities on different types of thermoplastics belonging to the two classes of polymers by assessing the injection parameters of a high-production part (automotive cup holder). In terms of productivity factors, moulds made of aluminium using semicrystalline polymers showed more significant reductions in cycle time compared to amorphous materials. Specifically, polypropylene exhibited a cycle time reduction between 40.6% and 52.5% when compared to steel moulds, while polyamide showed an even more substantial reduction, ranging between 56% and 63.5%. As for warpage, the amorphous materials displayed the lowest values for both types of moulds, but they also exhibited greater variations in isothermal simulations compared to semicrystalline materials. In relation to the mould materials, aluminium mould exhibited the lowest warping results and smaller variations compared to the isothermal analyses for all polymers.
Adsorption properties and mechanism of Cu(Ⅱ) on virgin and aged microplastics in the aquatic environment
Authors: Hu Chun , Xiao Yaodong , Jiang Qingrong , Wang Mengyao , Xue Tingdan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) bind to heavy metals in the aquatic environment and move into groups as carriers. They are prone to aging due to UV irradiation, which affects their adsorbability and mechanisms. The physicochemical properties Polyamide ( PA ) and polylactic acid ( PLA ) MPs were characterized. The impact and mechanism of UV aging on the adsorption of typical Cu(II) contaminants by MPs were investigated. The findings demonstrated that UV aging increased the specific surface area (SBET) and amount of oxygen-functional groups, decreased crystallinity, and generated pits on superficies of the MPs. Before and after aging, the adsorption behavior of the MPs on Cu(II) complied with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models. The primary adsorption processes, which were predominantly single-layer chemical reactions, were liquid-film and intra-particle diffusion. Compared to virgin MPs, the aged MPs had a higher adsorbability, which was primarily explained by the electrostatic attraction and complexation of the oxygen-functional groups with Cu(II). Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption by MPs was significantly affected by pH and salinity. At pH 5, the maximum adsorbability was noted, and increasing salinity reduced the MPs' ability to bind Cu(II). The equilibrium Cu(Ⅱ) adsorbability and MPs dosage were negatively correlated. These findings provide a scientific foundation for ecological environment risk assessment when MPs coexist with heavy metals.
Metal(loid) tolerance, accumulation, and phytoremediation potential of wetland macrophytes for multi-metal(liod)s polluted water.
Authors: Khan Aqib Hassan Ali , Velasco-Arroyo Blanca , Rad Carlos , Curiel-Alegre Sandra , Rumbo Carlos , De Wilde Herwig , Pérez-de-Mora Alfredo , Martel-Martín Sonia , Barros Rocío 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Natural based solutions rely heavily on identification and use of macrophytes with the ability to tolerate multiple contaminants and grow for an extended period to reduce contamination. The potential to tolerate and remediate metal(loid) contaminated groundwater from an industrial site located in Flanders (Belgium) was assessed for 10 wetland macrophytes (including Carex riparia, Cyperus longus, Cyperus rotundus, Iris pseudacorus, Juncus effusus, Lythrum salicaria, Menta aquatica, Phragmites australis, Scirpus holoschoenus,and Typha angustifolia). The experiment was conducted under static conditions, where plants were exposed to polluted acidic (pH~5) water for 15 days. Plant biomass, morphology, and metal uptake by roots and shoots were analysed every 5 days for all species. T. angustifolia and S. holoschoenus produced ~3 and ~1.1 times more dried biomass than the controls, respectively. For S. holoschoenus, P. australis, and T. angustifolia, no apparent morphological stress symptoms were observed, and plant heights were similar between control and plants exposed to polluted groundwater. Higher concentrations of all metal(loid)s were detected in the roots indicating a potential for phytostabilization of metal(loid)s below the water column. For J. effusus and T. angustifolia, Cd, Ni, and Zn accumulation was observed higher in the shoots. S. holoschoenus, P. australis, and T. angustifolia are proposed for restoration and phytostabilization strategies in natural and/or constructed wetland and aquatic ecosystems affected by metal(loid) inputs.
Novel genomic variants related to Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and Body Adiposity Index (BAI) in Indian Sib-pairs
Authors: Walia Gagandeep , Agarwal Tripti , Lyngdoh Tanica , Khadgawat Rajesh , Dudbridge Frank , Kinra Sanjay , Relton Caroline , Smith George Davey , Ebrahim Shah , Prabhakaran Dorairaj , Chandak Giriraj , Gupta Vipin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Obesity is among the leading public health threats globally. Over the last few years, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), and Body Adiposity Index (BAI), derived from anthropometric, and biochemical measures, have gained importance as a measure of obesity. However, unlike other common indices like body mass index, and waist circumference, the genetic predisposition of VAI, and BAI under-examined.
Methods: 2265 sib-pairs from Indian Migration Study were used for examining the association of genetic variants from the Cardio-Metabochip array with VAI, and BAI. Mixed linear regression models were run, and all inferences were based on the within-sib component of the Fulker’s association models. Gene-environment/lifestyle interaction analyses were also undertaken.
Results: rs6659428 at LOC400796|SEC16B (ꞵ=0.26, SE =0.05), and rs7611535 at DRD3|LOC645180 (ꞵ=0.18,SE =0.04) were associated with VAI at suggestive significance value of <8.21×10-6. For BAI, rs73300702 at JAZF1-AS1 (ꞵ=0.27,SE=0.06), was the top hit at p-value<8.21×10-6. rs6659428 showed marginal effect modification with location (ꞵ=0.26,SE=0.13,p-value=0.047), and rs73300702 with physical activity (ꞵ=-0.29,SE=0.14,p-value=0.034).
Conclusion: We report three novel genetic loci associated with VAI, and BAI in Indians. These findings need to be confirmed with longitudinal or validation studies in other populations and related functional studies for understanding the biological mechanisms of obesity and related-cardiometabolic conditions.
A preliminary nomogram model for predicting organ damage of patients with diffuse Systemic sclerosis
Authors: HUO Xiaocong , lin jinying , HUANG Xinxiang , YANG Yanting , WEI Chengcheng , MENG Danli , HUANG Rongjun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The clinical manifestations of SSc are highly heterogeneous, and there is still no clinical predictive model that can accurately predict prognosis and guide treatment decision-making. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore effective and non-invasive biomarkers which can be efficiently used in the clinical management of patients with SSc.
Objective
To investigate the predictive factors of organ damage in systemic sclerosis and establish a nomogram model.
Methods
This project is a retrospective study. A total of 331 SSc patients treated in our hospital from September 2012 to September 2022 were included. Gender, age, course of disease, mRSS, OPN, KL-6, IL-6, Dlco% and other relevant data were collected. Cox regression analysis and lasso regression analysis were performed to determine the predictive factors. Based on the results, a nomogram model was established. The model were evaluated by C-indices, calibration plot and DCA.
Results
Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that age ≥ 66 years old, course of disease ≥ 10 months, mRSS ≥ 14, DUs, elevated myoglobin, OPN ≥ 25ng/ml were independent risk factors for organ damage in patients with SSc (P < 0.05). According to lasso analysis, a nomogram model of organ damage was established. The C-indices of the development group at 24m, 48m and 72m were 64.4, 63.1 and 64.6, while the C-indices of the validation group at 24m, 48m and 72m were 63.7, 64.2 and 64.1, respectively.The results of DCA show that the nomogram can be used as a valuable predictive tool to predict irreversible organ damage in SSc patients.
Conclusion
OPN is an independent risk factor for organ damage in SSc. We included OPN and several other commonly used clinical indicators and constructed a nomogram model. According to the nomogram, we can calculate the probability of organ damage, identify high-risk patients, and improve the prognosis.