bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An automatic system for the assessment of complex medium additives under cultivation conditions
Authors: Iding K. , Büntemeyer H. , Gudermann F. , Deutschmann S. M. , Kionka C. , Lehmann J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractComplex medium additives such as yeast extract or peptone are often used in industrial cell culture processes to prolong cell growth and/or to improve product formation. The quality of those supplements is dependent on the preparation method and can differ from lot to lot. To guarantee consistent production these different lots have to be tested prior to use in fermentation processes. Because a detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of all components of such a complex mixture is a very difficult task, another assessment method has to be chosen. The best way to evaluate the effect of such supplements is to monitor cell activity during real cultivation conditions with and without the added supplement lot. A bioreactor‐based test system has been developed to determine the oxygen requirement of the cells as a response to the addition of a supplement to be tested under standardized conditions.Investigations were performed with a mouse‐mouse hybridoma cell line and yeast extracts as an example for complex medium additives. The results showed differences in the impact between different extract lots and between different concentrations of an extract. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 73: 442–448, 2001.
Effect of MOI ratio on the composition and yield of chimeric infectious bursal disease virus‐like particles by baculovirus co‐infection: Deterministic predictions and experimental results
Authors: Hu Yu‐Chen , Bentley William E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractVirus‐like particles (VLPs) are empty particles consisting of virus capsid proteins that closely resemble native virus but are devoid of the native viral nucleic acids and therefore have attracted significant attention as noninfectious vaccines. A recombinant baculovirus, vIBD‐7, which encodes the structural proteins (VP2, VP3, and VP4) of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), produces native IBD VLPs in infected Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells. Another baculovirus, vEDLH‐22, encodes VP2 that is fused with a histidine affinity‐tag (VP2H) at the C‐terminus. By co‐infection with these two baculoviruses, hybrid VLPs with histidine tags were formed and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (Hu et al., 1999). Also, we demonstrated that varying the MOI ratio of these infecting viruses altered the extent of VP2H incorporated into the particles. A dynamic mathematical model that described baculovirus infection and VLP synthesis (Hu and Bentley, 2000) was adapted here for co‐infection and validated by immunofluorescence labeling. It was shown to predict the VLP composition as a dynamic function of MOI. A constraint in the VP2H content incorporated into the particles was predicted and shown by experiments. Also, the MOI ratio of both infecting viruses was shown to be the major factor influencing the composition of the hybrid particles and an important factor in determining the overall yield. ELISA results confirmed that VP2H was exhibited to a varied extent on the outer surface of the particles. This model provides insight on the use of virus co‐infection in virus‐mediated recombinant protein expression systems and aids in the optimization of chimeric VLP synthesis. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 75: 104–119, 2001.
Cardiac troponin I for risk stratification following percutaneous coronary artery intervention in acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Nageh Thuraia , Sherwood Roy A. , Harris Beverley M. , Thomas Martyn R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe cardiac troponins have been shown to provide prognostic information allowing risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The benefit of early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in this setting has been highlighted by the FRISC II study. We assessed the pattern of release of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) following PCI in patients with ACS and evaluated its prognostic value for major adverse cardiac events (MACE): death, Q‐wave myocardial infarction (QWMI), and repeat revascularization at follow‐up. cTnI was sampled at baseline and 6, 14, and 24 hr following PCI in 73 patients presenting with unstable and post‐MI angina. Clinical follow‐up was obtained in all 73 patients at a mean period of 43 ± 19.9 weeks (range, 11–68 weeks). Patients were stratified into two groups according to whether cTnI remained unchanged or fell below baseline 24 hr post‐PCI (group 1, n = 47) or increased above baseline 24 hr following PCI (group 2, n = 26). MACE occurred in 4 (8.5%) of patients in group 1 (QWMI = 1, CABG = 1, re‐PCI = 2) and in 19 (73%) of patients in group 2 (death = 1, QWMI = 2, CABG = 2, re‐PCI = 14; chi‐square = 32.34, P < 0.0001). The positive predictive value of rising cTnI within 24 hr following PCI for MACE at follow‐up was 0.73 and the negative predictive value was 0.92 (specificity = 83%, sensitivity = 86%; odds ratio = 29.18, 95% CI = 7.62–110.64, P < 0.0001). cTnI is an inexpensive and widely applicable tool that offers reliable prognostic information for the risk stratification of patients undergoing coronary revascularization in the setting of acute coronary syndromes and may identify a group of patients at particular risk of repeat PCI. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:37–42. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clopidogrel therapy in patients undergoing coronary stenting: Value of a high‐loading‐dose regimen
Authors: Pache Jürgen , Kastrati Adnan , Mehilli Julinda , Gawaz Meinrad , Neumann Franz‐Josef , Seyfarth Melchior , Hall Donald , Braun Siegmund , Dirschinger Josef , Schömig Albert 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the value of a clopidogrel regimen based on a high loading dose initiated before the stent placement procedure. A consecutive series of 864 patients treated with a high‐loading‐dose clopidogrel regimen (600 mg given 2–4 hr prior to intervention) was compared with 870 patients treated with conventional ticlopidine therapy. Abciximab was given periprocedurally in 62% of the patients. The composite endpoint of death, myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization was reached by 39 (4.5%) clopidogrel patients and 59 (6.8%) ticlopidine patients. Clopidogrel therapy was associated with a 35% reduction of the risk for early adverse events (odds ratio 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.43–0.98). Thus, a high‐loading‐dose clopidogrel regimen in patients undergoing coronary artery stenting was safe and led to a more favorable clinical outcome than conventional therapy with ticlopidine regardless of concomitant treatment with abciximab. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:436–441. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combined glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition and low‐dose fibrinolysis for peripheral arterial thrombosis
Authors: Rocha‐Singh Krishna J. , Trokey Janiece 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis feasibility study evaluated the therapeutic potential of combined GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition with abciximab and low‐dose fibrinolysis with reteplase for treatment of acute femoropopliteal thrombosis. The simultaneous intra‐arterial administration of abciximab in conjunction with low‐dose reteplase (≤ 0.5 U/hr) was safe in 13 patients; 2 patients experienced major hemorrhagic complication at a reteplase dose of 1 U/hr. The primary success rate was 100%; all patients experienced an excellent clinical response with no clinical evidence of distal embolization. No patient required repeat endovascular or surgical revascularization during mean follow‐up of 9.3 months. This promising new thrombolytic strategy for the treatment of peripheral arterial occlusive disease requires further study. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:457–460. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Right heart catheterization in the presence of an inferior vena cava filter
Authors: Kussmaul William G. , Secaira Roberto , McCormick Daniel J. , Cohen Marc 
Published: August 2002

AbstractInferior vena cava filters are being inserted with increasing frequency. When such patients later require right heart catheterization, brachial or jugular vein access is usually attempted. We describe our experience in 10 consecutive patients using the standard femoral approach, first assessing filter patency and then carefully crossing the filter using a straight guidewire. The right heart chambers were successfully accessed in every case. There were no complications, and in no case did the filter migrate or become dislodged. This technique may prove useful when right heart catheterization is indicated in a patient who has a Greenfield inferior vena cava filter. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;52:476–478. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Late acute thrombosis after coronary brachytherapy: When is the risk over?
Authors: Liistro Francesco , Gimelli Giorgio , Di Mario Carlo , Nishida Takahiro , Montorfano Matteo , Carlino Mauro , Colombo Antonio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLate total occlusion (LTO) after simultaneous coronary stenting and brachytherapy has been described in recent randomized trials. We report a case of LTO presenting with an acute clinical event 15 months after the index procedure, suggesting that the risk is not confined to the first 6‐month to 1‐year period. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:216–218. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sequential implantation of two helex septal occluder devices in a patient with complex atrial septal anatomy
Authors: Dobrolet Nancy C. , Iskowitz Steven , Lopez Leo , Whalen Ruby , Zahn Evan M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report the first implantation of two Helex septal occluder devices in a 10‐year‐old boy with complex atrial septal anatomy. The unique characteristics of this new device are discussed in the following case report. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:242–246. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
R2PI Study of intermolecular hydrogen bond in solvent‐free chiral complexes
Authors: Giardini Guidoni A. , Piccirillo S. , Scuderi D. , Satta M. , Di Palma T.M. , Speranza M. , Filippi A. , Paladini A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOne‐ and two‐color, mass selected R2PI spectra of the S1←S0 transitions in the bare (+)‐(R)‐1‐phenyl‐1‐ethanol (ER) and its complexes with different solvent molecules (solv) (−)‐(R)‐2‐butanol (BR) or (+)‐(S)‐2‐butanol (BS) and (−)‐(R)‐2‐butylamine (AR) or (+)‐(S)‐2‐butylamine (AS), have been recorded after a supersonic molecular beam expansion. The one‐color R2PI excitation spectra of the diastereomeric complexes are characterized by significant shifts of their band origin relative to that of bare ER. The extent and the direction of these spectral shifts are found to depend on the structure and the configuration of solv and are attributed to different short‐range interactions in the ground and excited states of the complexes. In analogy with other diastereomeric complexes, the phenomenological binding energy of the homochiral cluster is found to be greater than that of the heterochiral one. Chirality 13:727–730, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular mechanics (MM4) force field development for phosphine and its alkyl derivatives
Authors: Todebush Patricia Metthe , Liang Guyan , Bowen J. Phillip 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBased on the experimental structures and vibrational spectra of eight alkylphosphines, as well as ten ab initio calculated (MP2/6−31+g*) structures and five potential energy profiles, the MM4 force field has been extended to include this important functional group. The results are comparable to experimental values for phosphorus‐containing compounds. The addition of various cross‐terms significantly improved the MM4 calculated structures relative to its predecessor, MM3. The overall root mean square error in moments of inertia have been reduced from 1.65% in MM3 to 0.26% in MM4. MM4 was also successful in reducing the previously impressive root mean square error in vibrational frequencies from 35 cm−1 to 31 cm−1 for the eight compounds studied. Chirality 14:220–231, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of focal adhesion targeting and inhibitory functions of the FAK related protein FRNK using a novel estrogen receptor “switch”
Authors: Martin Karen H. , Boerner Scott A. , Parsons J. Thomas 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFocal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a regulator of numerous adhesion‐dependent processes including cell migration, cell proliferation, and cell survival. The C‐terminal domain of FAK, FAK‐related nonkinase (FRNK), is autonomously expressed and functions as an inhibitor of FAK signaling. Previous attempts to use FRNK as a tool to dissect FAK signaling have been limited because of an inability to temporally regulate the inhibitory functions of FRNK. In this report, we describe and characterize a conditionally targeted form of FRNK that was created by fusing the hormone‐binding domain of the estrogen receptor (ER*) to the C‐terminus of FRNK. In the absence of added hormone, FRNK‐ER* was diffusely distributed throughout the cytoplasm of cells. Upon addition of hormone, the cytoplasmic pool of FRNK‐ER* was rapidly redistributed to focal adhesions. We demonstrate that cells expressing FRNK‐ER* show a hormone‐dependent decrease in FAK tyrosine phosphorylation and cell migration. Furthermore, when cells expressing of FRNK‐ER* were treated with hormone, the cells responded with a dramatic change in cell morphology, suggesting a role for FAK in the regulation of the adhesive properties of focal adhesions. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 51:76–88, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intra‐tumoral interleukin‐6 down‐regulation system and genetic mutations of tumor suppressor genes in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Miki Chikao , Tonouchi Hitoshi , Wakuda Reiko , Hatada Tsuyoshi , Inoue Yasuhiro , Minato Eiji , Kobayashi Minàko , Kusunoki Masato 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe interleukin (IL)‐1‐IL‐6 network, the most potent cascade of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, plays an autocrine role in tumor growth. The IL‐1‐IL‐6 network is down‐regulated by a phased cytokine inhibitor IL‐1 receptor antagonist (ra) and an anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10. The current study evaluated this down‐regulation system in colorectal carcinoma and its relation to the genetic alteration of tumor suppressor genes.METHODSSeventy‐four specimens of primary colorectal carcinoma and normal mucosa were collected to measure tissue concentrations of cytokines. Polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed to investigate the loss of heterozygosity of the microsatellite markers on chromosomes 17p and 18q.RESULTSThe IL‐1ra/IL‐6 ratio in the carcinoma specimens was lower than ratios in adenomas and normal mucosae and decreased with disease progression. The IL‐1ra/IL‐6 ratio in early cancers tended to be lower than that in adenomas and normal mucosae. However, the tissue concentrations of IL‐1β and IL‐10 were not associated with any clinicopathologic parameters. The tissue IL‐1ra concentration correlated with that of IL‐6 only in adenomas and early cancers. Immunohistochemically, IL‐1ra and IL‐6 were localized in the tumor cytoplasm. A reduced tissue IL‐1ra/IL‐6 ratio in the carcinomas correlated with poor prognosis and was associated with the loss of heterozygosity of the microsatellite markers on chromosomes 18q.CONCLUSIONSThere is an IL‐6‐IL‐1ra network system in colorectal tumors, but this system deteriorates with carcinogenesis and tumor growth. The deterioration of this network system was associated with the allelic loss of a portion of chromosome 18q, reflecting the genetic alteration of tumor suppressor genes. Cancer 2002;94:1584–92. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10324
Neonatal development of projections from the basolateral amygdala to prefrontal, striatal, and thalamic structures in the rat
Authors: Bouwmeester Hans , Wolterink Gerrit , Van Ree Jan M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRecently, an animal model for neurodevelopmental disorders has been developed. In this model, the effects of an early neonatal (postnatal day 7 [Pd 7]) basolateral amygdala lesion are compared with the effects of a lesion later in life (Pd 21). The reported data indicate that amygdala damage at a specific point early in life results in enduring behavioral disturbances that become more manifest after puberty, for example, only an early lesion resulted in a disruption of the prepulse inhibition, which is also observed in people suffering from schizophrenia. Accordingly, it was postulated that the early damage may affect the neuroanatomic and neurochemical organization and functioning of other brain structures. This was studied by use of the anterograde tracers biotinylated dextran amine and Phaseolus vulgaris‐leucoagglutinin. At neonatal days 7, 9, 11, 13, and 26, amygdaloid fibers were in particular present in the mediodorsal thalamus (MDT), nucleus accumbens (Acb), and prefrontal cortex (PFC). The development of the topography of the amygdaloid innervation, however, differed markedly for the MDT and Acb compared with the PFC. For the MDT and Acb, no major changes in innervation were observed between Pd 7 and Pd 26, whereas the innervation of the PFC reorganized from a neonatal diffuse (Pd 7 and 9) to a restricted pattern (Pd 11, 13, and 26). In addition, the innervation changed to an adult‐like bilaminar pattern. These data provide information on the circuitry that may be involved in the aberrant neurodevelopment of neonatally amygdala‐lesioned rats, which have been proposed as an animal model for neurodevelopmental psychopathological disorders. J. Comp. Neurol. 442:239–249, 2002. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential expression of nm23 genes in adult mouse dorsal root ganglia
Authors: Barraud Perrine , Amrein Lilian , Dobremez Eric , Dabernat Sandrine , Masse Karine , Larou Monique , Daniel Jean‐Yves , Landry Marc 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNm23 has been identified as a gene family encoding different isoforms of nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK). This protein is a key enzyme in nucleotide metabolism and has been shown to play important roles in various cellular functions. In the present study, we have investigated the expression of three isotypes in mouse dorsal root ganglia. In situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated high levels of nm23‐M1, ‐M2, and ‐M3 mRNA expression in peripheral nervous tissue. Moreover, in situ hybridization also displayed a specific nuclear localization for nm23‐M2 mRNA. Immunohistochemistry with light and electron microscopy on isoform‐specific antibodies revealed a differential subcellular distribution of NDPK isoforms. Isoform A was mainly cytosolic, showing only partial association with organelles. In contrast, isoform B was also found in the nucleus, which is in agreement with its proposed role as a transcription factor. The results also indicate a preferential association of isoform C with endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membranes in neuronal cells. Furthermore, isoform C appeared to combine with other NDPK isoforms as demonstrated by double‐labeling evidence by electron microscopy and might be responsible for binding NDPK oligomers to membranes. Thus, isoform C may be considered as a protein of importance for maintaining intracellular pools of GTP in the vicinity of membranes and, hence, for transmembrane signaling. The results indicate a high expression of NDPK isoforms, not only in the central but also in the peripheral nervous system. Their different subcellular compartmentalization suggests that they have isoform‐specific roles in neuronal cell physiology. J. Comp. Neurol. 444:306–323, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective distribution of μ‐opioid receptors in C1 adrenergic neurons and their afferents
Authors: Aicher Sue A. , Kraus James A. , Sharma Sarita , Patel Aarti , Milner Teresa A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAgonists of the μ‐opioid receptor (MOR) have profound effects on blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration that may be mediated by C1 adrenergic neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVL). C1 neurons are sympathoexcitatory and are involved in both tonic and reflex regulation of sympathetic outflow. This study was designed to determine whether C1 neurons, or their afferents, contain MOR. C1 neurons were identified by using an antibody against the epinephrine synthesizing enzyme phenylethanolamine‐N‐methyl transferase (PNMT), whereas MOR was localized by using an antipeptide antibody that recognizes the cloned MOR, MOR1. Combined immunoperoxidase and immunogold methods were used to examine the cellular distribution of MOR1 relative to PNMT‐containing neurons in the RVL. MOR1 was found in 22% of PNMT‐containing dendrites (n = 392), whereas MOR1‐containing axons or axon terminals contacted 14% of PNMT‐containing dendrites. This distribution was heterogenous with regard to dendritic size: PNMT‐labeled dendrites containing MOR1 were usually large (60% were >1.2 μm), whereas PNMT‐containing dendrites that received MOR1‐labeled afferents were usually small (79% were <1.2 μm). Individual dendrites rarely contained MOR1 at both pre‐ and postsynaptic sites. Together these results suggest that MOR agonists may directly influence the activity of C1 neurons, as well as the activity of select afferents to these cells. Plasmalemmal membrane labeling for MOR1 was more frequent in smaller PNMT‐containing dendrites, suggesting that postsynaptic receptors are more readily available for ligand binding in small dendrites, although the receptor was more frequently detected in larger PNMT dendrites. The selective distribution of MORs to specific pre‐ and postsynaptic sites suggests the receptor may be selectively trafficked to positions where it may regulate afferent activity that is heterogeneously distributed along the dendritic tree of C1 neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 433:23–33, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypoglossal and reticular interneurons involved in oro‐facial coordination in the rat
Authors: Popratiloff Anastas S. , Streppel Michael , Gruart Agnés , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando , Angelov Doychin N. , Stennert Eberhard , Delgado‐García José M. , Neiss Wolfram F. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractChewing, swallowing, breathing, and vocalization in mammals require precise coordination of tongue movements with concomitant activities of the mimetic muscles. The neuroanatomic basis for this oro‐facial coordination is not yet fully understood. After the stereotaxic microinjection of retrograde and anterograde neuronal tracers (biotin‐dextran, Fluoro‐Ruby, Fluoro‐Emerald, and Fluoro‐Gold) into the facial and hypoglossal nuclei of the rat, we report here a direct bilateral projection of hypoglossal internuclear interneurons onto facial motoneurons. We also confirm the existence of a small pool of neurons in the dorsal part of the brainstem reticular formation that project ipsilaterally to both facial and hypoglossal nuclei. For precise tracer injections, both motor nuclei were located and identified by the electrical antidromic activation of their constituent motoneurons. Injections of retrograde tracers into the facial nucleus consistently labeled neurons in the hypoglossal nucleus. These neurons prevalently lay in the ipsilateral side, were small in size, and, like classic intrinsic hypoglossal local‐circuit interneurons, had several thin dendrites. Reverse experiments — injections of anterograde tracers into the hypoglossal nucleus — labeled fine varicose nerve fiber terminals in the facial nucleus. These fiber terminals were concentrated in the intermediate subdivision of the facial nucleus, with a strong ipsilateral prevalence. Double injections of different tracers into the facial and the hypoglossal nuclei revealed a small, but constant, number of double‐labeled neurons located predominantly ipsilateral in the caudal brainstem reticular formation. Hypoglossal internuclear interneurons projecting to the facial nucleus, as well as those neurons of the parvocellular reticular formation that project to both facial and hypoglossal nuclei, could be involved in oro‐facial coordination. J. Comp. Neurol. 433:364–379, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.