bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online time series monitoring method of transformer based on seq2seq model
Authors: Lu Fei , Liu Fan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
To monitor the operating conditions of transformers in real time and improve the monitoring accuracy of three-phase voltage, load current and power frequency of transformers, an online time series monitoring method of transformers based on the seq2seq model is proposed. The impedance, excitation current, secondary side voltage and excitation branch of the transformer are reduced to the primary side value, and the regulation coefficient of the transformer under no-load operation is calculated. By obtaining the short circuit impedance of the transformer, the short circuit impedance of the transformer is analysed. Using the coupling inductance model structure of single-phase double-winding and single-phase three-winding transformers, the parameter matrix of a single-phase double-winding transformer is established. According to the corresponding relationship between port electrical data and online monitoring information, the transformer coupling inductance model is constructed. The online time series monitoring process of the transformer is designed by using the seq2seq model, and the online time series monitoring of the transformer is realized. The experimental results show that when monitoring the three-phase voltage, load current and power frequency of the transformer, the monitoring errors are controlled below 0.5, 5 and 0.5%, respectively, which greatly improves the accuracy of online time series monitoring of the transformer.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mebrahtom Guesh , Hailay Abrha , Mariye Teklewoini , Haile Teklehaimanot Gereziher , Girmay Goitom , Zereabruk Kidane , Aberhe Woldu , Tadesse Degena Bahrey 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease that causes restricted airflow and breathing problems. Globally, COPD is the third leading cause of death and low- and middle-income countries account for the majority of these deaths. There is limited information on COPD's prevalence in East Africa. Thus the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate the pooled prevalence of COPD in East Africa.A computerized systematic search using multiple databases was performed in search of relevant English articles from the inception of the databases to August 2023. All the authors independently extracted the data. R and RStudio software were used for statistical analysis. Forest plots and tables were used to represent the data. The statistical heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics. There was heterogeneity between the included articles. Therefore, a meta-analysis of random effects models was used to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of COPD in East Africa. A funnel plot test was used to examine possible publication bias.The database search produced 512 papers. After checking for inclusion and exclusion criteria, 43 full-text observational studies with 68 553 total participants were found suitable for the review. The overall pooled prevalence of COPD in East Africa was 13.322%. The subgroup analysis found the COPD pooled prevalence in the different countries was 18.994%, 7%, 15.745%, 9.032%, 15.026% and 11.266% in Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Sudan, and Kenya, respectively. Additionally, the subgroup analysis of COPD by study setting among community-based studies was 12.132% and 13.575% for hospital-based studies.According to the study's findings, approximately one of every seven individuals in East Africa has COPD, indicating a notably high prevalence of the disease. Thus governments and other stakeholders working on non-communicable disease control should place an emphasis on preventive measures to minimize the burden of COPD.
Evaluating the role of primary care pharmacy technicians in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and acne management using TARGET resources
Authors: Lakha Alishah , Fleming Naomi , Sonnex Kimberly , Thornley Tracey , Anderson Claire , Hand Kieran , Ashiru-Oredope Diane 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is accelerating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) (Antibiotic resistant infections and associated deaths increase https://www.gov.uk/government/news/antibiotic-resistant-infections-and-associated-deaths-increase). Pharmacy professionals (pharmacists and pharmacy technicians) promote good antibiotic prescribing practice. The traditional role of pharmacy technicians in supporting pharmacists and patients has expanded alongside the clinical expansion of pharmacist roles. (Boughen M, Fenn T. Practice, skill mix and education: the evolving role of pharmacy technicians in Great Britain. Pharmacy (Basel) 2020; 8(2): 50. doi:10.3390/pharmacy8020050) This paper focuses on the opinion of pharmacy technicians and their role in the review of acne management and the evaluation of the UKHSA TARGET acne ‘How to…’ review resources.

Aims and objectives
To explore the impact of the TARGET resources on the capability, opportunity and motivation of pharmacy technicians in general practice in managing patients with acne.
To evaluate the usefulness of the acne ‘How to…’ review resources.

Materials and methods
A primarily quantitative study using an electronic survey asking UK-based pharmacy technicians to rate their agreement on a five-point Likert scale with 21 predefined statements, themed on the COM-B model and usefulness of the TARGET resources for acne.

Discussion
The survey found that capability and opportunity in managing acne in the group familiar with TARGET resources was higher than the group not familiar with TARGET resources. Scores for motivation in both groups were high; pharmacy technicians have the motivation to undertake infection management roles, whether or not they are familiar with the TARGET toolkit.
The acne ‘How to…’ review resources were overall rated as useful in supporting the review of patients with acne.

Conclusion
The TARGET materials are effective resources that helps to upskill pharmacy technicians in the area of AMS, increasing capability and opportunity in the management of acne.
Antimicrobial consumption in an acute NHS Trust during the COVID-19 pandemic: intervention time series analysis
Authors: Khan Sidra , Bond Stuart E , Lee-Milner Jade , Conway Barbara R , Lattyak William J , Aldeyab Mamoon A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antimicrobial consumption and trends of therapeutic drugs for COVID-19 treatments, including corticosteroids, remdesivir and monoclonal antibodies (tocilizumab) from April 2017 to September 2022 in a secondary care NHS Trust in England.

Methods
A retrospective intervention time series analysis was conducted for April 2017 to September 2022 at the Mid Yorkshire Teaching NHS Trust. Data were retrieved from the pharmacy dispensing system as defined daily doses (DDDs) monthly and reported per 1000 occupied bed days (OBDs). Antimicrobial consumption and COVID-19 treatment options were measured. DDDs were calculated according to the classification of antimicrobials for systemic use (J01) and for other drugs classification. Trends for antimicrobial consumption and other therapeutic drugs for treating COVID-19 were also determined in each wave in England.

Results
During the pandemic: total antibiotic consumption decreased from 826.4 to 728.2 DDDs per 1000 OBDs (P = 0.0067); piperacillin/tazobactam use increased (P &lt; 0.0001) and ciprofloxacin use decreased (P &lt; 0.0001); there were no changes in Access, Watch, Reserve antibiotic use, and the proportion of antifungal consumption was consistent throughout the study. The use of total antibiotics (P = 0.024), levofloxacin (P = 0.0007), piperacillin/tazobactam (P = 0.0015) and co-amoxiclav (P = 0.0198) increased during wave one. Consumption of COVID-19 treatment drugs was highest during wave two, with 624.3 DDDs per 1000 OBDs for dexamethasone (P = 0.4441), 6.8 DDDs per 1000 OBDs for remdesivir (P &lt; 0.0001) and 35.01 DDDs per 1000 OBDs for tocilizumab (P = 0.2544).

Discussion
This study determined the consumption of antimicrobials trends before and during the pandemic. The individual wave antimicrobial consumption indicates maximum consumption in the first wave, advocating for antimicrobial stewardship and preparedness for future pandemics.
Maternal dietary intervention during lactation impacts the maternal faecal and human milk microbiota
Authors: Sindi Azhar S , Stinson Lisa F , Gridneva Zoya , Leghi Gabriela E , Netting Merryn J , Wlodek Mary E , Muhlhausler Beverly S , Rea Alethea , Trevenen Michelle L , Geddes Donna T , Payne Matthew S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aims
To determine the effect of a two-week reduced fat and sugar and increased fibre maternal dietary intervention on the maternal faecal and human milk (HM) microbiomes.

Methods and results
Faecal swabs and HM samples were collected from mothers (n = 11) immediately pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and 4 and 8 weeks post-intervention, and were analysed using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maternal macronutrient intake was assessed at baseline and during the intervention. Maternal fat and sugar intake during the intervention were significantly lower than pre-intervention (P = &lt;0.001, 0.005, respectively). Significant changes in the bacterial composition of maternal faeces were detected after the dietary intervention, with decreases in the relative abundance of Bacteroides caccae (P = &lt;0.001) and increases in the relative abundance of Faecalibacillus intestinalis (P = 0.006). In HM, the diet resulted in a significant increase in Cutibacterium acnes (P = 0.001) and a decrease in Haemophilus parainfluenzae (P = &lt;0.001). The effect of the diet continued after the intervention, with faecal swabs and HM samples taken 4 and 8 weeks after the diet showing significant differences compared to baseline.

Conclusion
This pilot study demonstrates that short-term changes in maternal diet during lactation can alter the bacterial composition of the maternal faeces and HM.
Tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells as targets of immune checkpoint blockade in melanoma
Authors: Di Simone Marta , Corsale Anna Maria , Toia Francesca , Shekarkar Azgomi Mojtaba , Di Stefano Anna Barbara , Lo Presti Elena , Cordova Adriana , Montesano Luigi , Dieli Francesco , Meraviglia Serena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most sensitive tumors to immune modulation, and the major challenge for melanoma patients’ survival is immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. γδ T lymphocytes play an antitumoral role in a broad variety of tumors including melanoma and they are optimal candidates for cellular immunotherapy. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between γδ T cells and immune checkpoint receptors in the context of melanoma was conducted, with the aim of devising an innovative combined immunotherapeutic strategy. In this study, using the GEPIA2.0 database, a significant positive correlation was observed between the expression of γδ T cell–related genes (TRGC1, TRGC2, TCRD) and immune checkpoint genes (PDCD1, HAVCR2, LAG3), highlighting the potential role of γδ T cells in the immune response within melanoma. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis unveiled a significant augmentation in the population of γδ T cells within melanoma lesions, which exhibited the expression of immune checkpoint receptors including LAG3, TIM3, and PD1. Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed a significant enrichment and functional reprogramming of γδ T cell clusters in response to ICIs. Interestingly, the effects of ICI therapy varied between Vδ1 and Vδ2 γδ T cell subsets, with distinct changes in gene expression patterns. Last, a correlation analysis between γδ T cell abundance, immune checkpoint gene expression, and clinical outcomes in melanoma patients showed that low expression of immune checkpoint genes, including LAG3, HAVCR2, and PDCD1, was associated with improved 1-year overall survival, emphasizing the significance of these genes in predicting patient outcomes, potentially outweighing the impact of γδ T cell abundance. This study offers critical insights into the dynamic interaction between γδ T cells, immune checkpoint receptors, and melanoma, providing valuable perspectives for potential therapeutic avenues and predictive markers in this intricate interplay.
Landscape and farm environmental structure determinants of small mammal assemblages in agroecosystems of central Argentina
Authors: Alonso Rodrigo Javier , Lovera Rosario , Fernández María Soledad , Cavia Regino 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Natural processes and patterns are altered by human activity at different spatial and temporal scales, affecting species assemblages and population traits, modifying mechanisms or regulating dynamics at different scales. However, little is known about the influence of landscape structure on small mammal assemblages and populations on farms. Thus, in this work, we aimed to study the effect of landscape and environmental characteristics at the farm scale on the assemblage and populations of native and introduced small mammals in pig and dairy farms located in Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Our results showed that farms in contexts of higher environmental diversity at the landscape scale have higher species richness. Our results also showed that variations in assemblage composition were associated with the quantity of water body surfaces, cattle food, small mammal refugia, and impervious surfaces at the farm scale—and with woodland, grassland, and natural vegetation cover at the landscape scale. The abundance of commensal murids was higher on farms near towns, with higher vegetation cover at the farm scale and/or in landscape contexts with fewer crops. The abundance of Akodon azarae was higher on farms with a lower amount of cattle food at the farm scale and crop patches in the landscape. The abundance of Didelphis albiventris was higher during spring on farms with a low proportion of bare ground, while that of Lutreolina crassicaudata was higher on farms with high vegetation cover and a lower number of water body surfaces. These results show the relevance of multiscale determinants in the development of ecologically based management strategies to control pest small mammals.
Altered 5-HT2A/C receptor binding in the medulla oblongata in the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): Part II. Age-associated alterations in serotonin receptor binding profiles within medullary nuclei supporting cardiorespiratory homeostasis
Authors: Cummings Kevin J , Leiter James C , Trachtenberg Felicia L , Okaty Benjamin W , Darnall Robert A , Haas Elisabeth A , Harper Ronald M , Nattie Eugene E , Krous Henry F , Mena Othon J , Richerson George B , Dymecki Susan M , Kinney Hannah C , Haynes Robin L 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The failure of chemoreflexes, arousal, and/or autoresuscitation to asphyxia may underlie some sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) cases. In Part I, we showed that some SIDS infants had altered 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A/C receptor binding in medullary nuclei supporting chemoreflexes, arousal, and autoresuscitation. Here, using the same dataset, we tested the hypotheses that the prevalence of low 5-HT1A and/or 5-HT2A/C receptor binding (defined as levels below the 95% confidence interval of controls—a new approach), and the percentages of nuclei affected are greater in SIDS versus controls, and that the distribution of low binding varied with age of death. The prevalence and percentage of nuclei with low 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/C binding in SIDS were twice that of controls. The percentage of nuclei with low 5-HT2A/C binding was greater in older SIDS infants. In &gt;80% of older SIDS infants, low 5-HT2A/C binding characterized the hypoglossal nucleus, vagal dorsal nucleus, nucleus of solitary tract, and nuclei of the olivocerebellar subnetwork (important for blood pressure regulation). Together, our findings from SIDS infants and from animal models of serotonergic dysfunction suggest that some SIDS cases represent a serotonopathy. We present new hypotheses, yet to be tested, about how defects within serotonergic subnetworks may lead to SIDS.
The Japanese nationwide cohort data of proton beam therapy for liver oligometastasis in breast cancer patients
Authors: Yamaguchi Hisashi , Fukumitsu Nobuyoshi , Numajiri Haruko , Ogino Hiroyuki , Okimoto Tomoaki , Ogino Takashi , Suzuki Motohisa , Murayama Shigeyuki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A nationwide multicenter cohort study on particle therapy was launched by the Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology in Japan in May 2016. We analyzed the outcome of proton beam therapy (PBT) for liver oligometastasis in breast cancers. Cases in which PBT was performed at all Japanese proton therapy facilities between May 2016 and February 2019 were enrolled. The patients were selected based on the following criteria: the primary cancer was controlled, liver recurrence without extrahepatic tumors and no more than three liver lesions. Fourteen females, with a median age of 57 years (range, 44–73) and 22 lesions, were included. The median lesion size, fraction (fr) size and biological effective dose were 44 (20–130) mm, 6.6 (2–8) gray (Gy) (relative biological effectiveness)/fr and 109.6 (52.7–115.2) Gy, respectively. The median follow-up period was 22.8 (4–54) months. The 1-, 2- and 3-year local control (LC) rates of liver metastasis from breast cancer were 100% for all. The 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival rates were 85.7, 62.5 and 62.5%, respectively. The 1-, 2- and 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 50.0%, 33.3%, and 16.7%, respectively. The median PFS time was 16 months. Only one patient did not complete PBT due to current disease progression. One patient had Grade 3 radiation-induced dermatitis. None of the patients experienced radiation-induced liver failure during the acute or late phase. Owing to the low incidence of adverse events and the high LC rate, PBT appears to be a feasible option for liver oligometastasis in breast cancers.
Dural metastasis of prostate carcinoma mimicking intracranial hematoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kokot Klaudia , Dzierżanowski Jarosław , Krakowiak Michał , Fercho Justyna , Yuser Rami , Kosel Laura , Nowiński Eryk , Nacewicz Jacek , Modliborska Dorota , Szmuda Tomasz , Zieliński Piotr 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Dural metastases of prostate adenocarcinoma are an extremely rare complication and may mimic intracranial hematoma. Preoperatively diagnosis may be difficult due to similarities in symptoms and radiological appearance. We present a 65-year-old man admitted to the ED with a history of headache, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, diplopia, as well as numbness of his left lower extremity. Past medical history confirmed metastatic prostate cancer disease. After computed tomography and contrast computed tomography, the consulting radiologist diagnosed a chronic subdural hematoma. After burr hole trephination and dural opening, tumorous mass was detected. Histopathologic samples were taken. Histopathological examination was consistent with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Although rare, dural metastases need to be included in oncological patients presenting in the ED with symptoms and radiological imaging suggesting hematoma. Both neurooncological and neurosurgical consultations are essential in order to apply the best treatment strategy.
Mid-term outcomes of hypogastric artery embolization in endovascular aneurysm repair: a case series
Authors: Kanemura Takeyuki , Nakahara Yoshinori , Tateishi Retsu , Haba Fumiya , Ono Shunya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Hypogastric artery embolization is performed during endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) involving the common iliac artery. Within this case series, we have observed elevated rates of sac expansion subsequent to this intervention. April 2009 to March 2021, 22 patients underwent EVAR with hypogastric artery embolization. We evaluated the mid-term outcomes for these patients. The mean follow-up period was 57 months. We achieved a 100% technical success rate without open conversion and no hospital deaths. The rates of freedom from aneurysm expansion at 1, 3, and 5 years were 90.5%, 59.1%, and 37.5%, respectively. The percentage of sac expansion exceeding 5 mm was 54.5% (12/22). Combined endovascular aortic aneurysm repair and embolization of the hypogastric artery might be associated with a high rate of remote sac expansion. Larger trials are needed to verify risks and benefits.
Giant dilatation of pancreatic duct associated with congenital anomaly of the pancreatic ductal system and small neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Markov Pavel , Karmazanovsky Grigory , Lysenko Andrey , Arutyunov Ovanes , Kalinin Dmitry , Burmistrov Alexander 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Dilatation of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) ˃50 mm is a rare phenomenon. We present the case of successful surgical treatment a 63-year-old female patient who presented epigastric pain and weight loss of 10 kg in 6 months. Based on preoperative examination, the dilatation of MPD was 75 mm. The preliminary diagnosis was main duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Extended pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy with resection of the body of the pancreas was performed. According to the results of pathological and immunohistochemical studies, performed by independent experts, the final diagnosis of congenital anomaly of the ductal system and neuroendocrine tumor of the accessory pancreatic duct was made.
Dorsal lunate dislocation and en bloc proximal row carpectomy: a case report
Authors: Campano Dominic , Rush Kaitlin , Gottlich Caleb , Jain Neil , Bourland Bryan , Mckee Desirae 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
An unhelmeted 59-year-old male involved in a motorcycle accident presented with a right dorsal lunate dislocation in the context of a polytrauma evaluation. Soft-tissue attachments were minimal across the carpus, which allowed for an en bloc proximal row carpectomy. Two-year follow-up yielded a satisfactory outcome given the high energy injury mechanism. Proximal row carpectomy is a useful tool which preserves wrist range of motion in the acute trauma setting and is durable, as demonstrated by our patient’s postoperative mobilization using a wheelchair.
The American Haskalah: Sanctifying Education in Mary Antin’s The Promised Land, Abraham Cahan’s The Rise of David Levinsky, and Anzia Yezierska’s Bread Givers
Authors: Reznick Ohad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Much has been written about European Jews’ attitudes toward secular studies. The Jewish Enlightenment, which began in Europe in the early eighteenth century, caused some Jews to broaden their knowledge by learning subjects such as geography and science. However, most Eastern European Jews remained loyal to the rabbinical authority. When many immigrated to the United States during the Progressive Era, they had to choose between maintaining the old approach toward secular education and learning secular subjects. Analyzing three Jewish immigrant texts, Mary Antin’s The Promised Land (1912), Abraham Levinsky’s The Rise of David Levinsky (1917), and Anzia Yezierska’s Bread Givers (1925), this essay argues that these books present Eastern European Jewish immigrants as treating secular education similar to the European maskilim. Exploring Biblical allusions and imagery used to portray Torah learning, this paper determines that these texts sanctify nonreligious studies. Following a centuries-old heritage of learning, they glorify the knowledge obtained in American institutions. Although the protagonists feel they are betraying their tradition, they participate in establishing a Jewish American culture based on the value of studying. While these texts often praise American education, they portray a clash between American and traditional Jewish education, suggesting that disavowing one’s traditional education is challenging.