bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration debates in the political party arena during the Covid‐19 pandemic in Austria
Authors: Hadj Abdou Leila , Ruedin Didier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic highlighted the economic contribution of migrant workers in maintaining essential services and access to goods. This new perspective on migrants as essential workers raised expectations in migration studies that it could reinvigorate an inclusive setting in terms of migration debates and policies. Building on this potential, we examine migration debates in the political party arena with a focus on centrist parties. The analysis focuses on Austria, a country with a high dependence on migrant labor in key sectors and a long‐standing contestation of migration across the political party spectrum. Drawing on an analysis of parliamentary contributions and press releases by the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) and the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) during the pandemic, the study finds that the debates did not change fundamentally. Whilst external shocks such as the Covid‐19 pandemic have a limited potential to reverse the focus on unwanted migration in European party politics, crises can lead the political center to reemphasize bifurcation strategies in response to shifts in public discourse, as this study of the Austrian case during the pandemic suggests.
Justifying opposition and support to EU‐Africa cooperation on deportation in West Africa
Authors: Cham Omar N. , Adam Ilke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMigration, in general, is not a salient political issue in West Africa. However, one migration aspect that remains highly controversial and unpopular is cooperation on the deportation of undocumented emigrants with the EU and its member states. In this paper, we set out a typology of justification frames for studying how political actors in West Africa might frame their support or opposition to cooperation on deportation. We distinguished three types of justifications: identity‐related, moral, and utilitarian. While the moral (human rights) and utilitarian (political, economic, securitarian, labor) frames are rather classic justifications in migration politics and governance, our analysis shows that identity‐related (‘neo‐colonial resistance’ and ‘neo‐colonial compliance’) justification frames highlight how historical path dependencies matter in understanding the drivers of (migration) politics and governance in West Africa. This is particularly evident when the images of cuffed and shackled deportees from Europe evoke memories of dark historical pasts.
Retrospective assessment of immunologic and histologic heterogeneity in granuloma annulare by cytokine staining
Authors: Hwang Erica , Lee Trinity , Okifo Kevin , Murphy Michael , Damsky William 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundType 1 (Th1) and Type 2 (Th2) immunity have both been implicated in granuloma annulare (GA). To what extent these pathways contribute to clinical/histologic heterogeneity and/or distinct disease endotypes remains unexplored.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 30 GA biopsies with either palisaded or interstitial histology with and without eosinophils. We performed RNA in situ hybridization to assess how markers of Type 1 (interferon gamma), Type 2 (interleukin [IL]4, IL13, IL5), and Type 3 (IL17A) immunity in GA compared with canonical inflammatory disorders and whether markers correlated with histology. We analyzed another cohort of 14 patients who had multiple biopsies across anatomic space and time for individual conservation of histologic features.ResultsInterferon (IFN)G staining is highest in GA relative to other cytokines. Type 2 cytokine staining is less prominent, with IL4 increased in interstitial pattern cases. Eosinophils did not correlate with Type 2 markers. Patients with multiple biopsies display intrapatient variability in histology.ConclusionType 1 inflammation predominates over Type 2 inflammation in GA irrespective of histologic pattern. Distinct disease endotypes were not detected.
Engineered polyspecific antibodies: A new frontier in the field of immunotherapeutics
Authors: Sandeep  , Shinde Suraj H. , Ahmed Sakeel , Sharma Shyam Sunder , Pande Abhay H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe 21st‐century beginning remarked with the huge success of monospecific MAbs, however, in the last couple of years, polyspecific MAbs (PsAbs) have been an interesting topic and show promise of being biobetter than monospecific MAbs. Polyspecificity, in which a single antibody serves multiple specific target binding, has been hypothesized to contribute to the development of a highly effective antibody repertoire for immune defence. This polyspecific MAb trend represents an explosion that is gripping the whole pharmaceutical industry. This review is concerned with the current development and quality enforcement of PsAbs. All provided literature on monospecific MAbs and polyspecific MAbs (PsAbs) were searched using various electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Elsevier, Springer, ACS, Google Patent and books via the keywords Antibody engineering, Polyspecific antibody, Conventional antibody, non‐conventional antibody, and Single domain antibody. In the literature, there are more than 100 different formats to construct PsAb by quadroma technology, chemical conjugation and genetic engineering. Till March 2023, nine PsAb have been approved around the world, and around 330 are in advanced developmental stages, showing the dominancy of PsAb in the growing health sector. Recent advancements in protein engineering techniques and the fusion of non‐conventional antibodies have made it possible to create complex PsAbs that demonstrate higher stability and enhanced potency. This marks the most significant achievement for cancer immunotherapy, in which PsAbs have immense promise. It is worth mentioning that seven out of the nine PsAbs have been approved as anti‐cancer therapy. As PsAbs continue to acquire prominence, they could pave the way for the development of novel immunotherapies for multiple diseases.
Systematic review: Self‐efficacy and skill performance
Authors: Brocker Angela , Scafide Katherine N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this systematic review was to investigate the relationship between self‐efficacy and skill performance in undergraduate student nurses.BackgroundAcross higher education, self‐efficacy is an important predictor of student success in skill‐based learning. Nursing students are required to demonstrate skills prior to caring for hospitalized patients. Understanding the relationship between self‐efficacy and nursing student skill performance may support patient safety.MethodsFollowing the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA), a systematic search was conducted of four databases: CINAHL, Medline, Psychinfo, and Web of Science. Quantitative, peer‐reviewed studies published in English were included with no limitation on year. Hands‐on skill performance had to be performed in laboratory or simulation settings and evaluated by an expert. Identified studies were assessed for methodological rigor using Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Tools.FindingsA total of 2,450 items were identified by database search and screened, resulting in 20 eligible studies. Most of the studies included novice first‐ or second‐year students. Self‐efficacy was operationalized as either a general or skill‐specific measure, while the type of skill and associated instrumentation varied widely. Sixteen (80%) of the included study reports showed weak to no correlation between self‐efficacy and skill performance. The remaining 4 reports noted a moderate‐to‐strong relationship.ConclusionOur findings conflict with existing research in other higher education disciplines where self‐efficacy is a significant predictor of performance success. Explanations for this contradiction likely center around how self‐efficacy was operationalized and rigor of the included studies.Implications for NursingLarger studies controlling for confounding variables are needed to understand this relationship with a goal of developing more consistent approaches to teaching and learning skills within prelicensure curriculums.
Right‐to‐Work revisited
Authors: Meszaros John , Quistorff Brian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper uses synthetic controls to reevaluate the passage of Right‐to‐Work legislation in several states and its effect on union density levels in those states. Building upon recent work, we include data from several new legislative changes and also pool evidence across events to increase the inferential power for detecting a common effect. This adds to the literature by expanding the number of states investigated as well as allowing for more robust statistical testing on the impact of Right‐to‐Work. We estimate that modern Right‐to‐Work laws have a statistically significant effect and precipitated union density declines of about two to three percentage points.
Dry eye syndrome symptoms in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Nowowiejska Julia , Ordon Agata Joanna , Baran Anna , Izdebska Justyna , Woźniak Bartosz , Kaminski Tomasz W. , Szaflik Jacek , Flisiak Iwona 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is one of the most common dermatoses associated with a variety of comorbidities. There have been some reports on its possible association with ocular disorders however dry eye syndrome (DES) in such patients has been poorly investigated.ObjectivesTo investigate the frequency of DES symptoms in psoriatic patients, also regarding psoriasis severity in PASI, manifestation and therapy.Methods40 patients with psoriasis and 40 volunteers without dermatoses were enrolled in the study. They completed Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and were objectively examined by IDRA® device to perform automatic interferometry, automatic meibography of lower eyelid glands, non‐invasive break‐up time (NIBUT), blink quality and tear meniscus height.ResultsPatients with psoriasis had statistically significantly thicker lipid layer (p = 0.0042 left eye, p = 0.0313 right eye) and greater loss of Meibomian glands compared to controls (p = 0.0128 left eye, p = 0.048 right eye). The patients had lower, although insignificantly, eye blink quality and tear meniscus height than the control group, as well as shorter NIBUT and higher score in OSDI. After the division of patients into two groups–with or without nails involvement/psoriatic arthritis/systemic treatment– we did not observe any significant differences between the groups. PASI did not correlate with any DES parameter.ConclusionsThis is the first study of DES symptoms with an objective IDRA® analyzer. We managed to observe that patients with psoriasis have thicker lipid layer and higher Meibomian glands' loss in lower eyelids. Based on all assessed objective and subjective parameters psoriatics do not seem to have an increased risk of DES. The presence of psoriatic arthritis or nail involvement does not seem to be a predisposing factor for DES development. PASI probably cannot be a prognostic factor for any of the DES‐associated parameters. Nevertheless, DES in psoriasis requires further research on bigger samples to establish reliable recommendations.
Big data research in nursing: A bibliometric exploration of themes and publications
Authors: Li Bo , Du Kun , Qu Guanchen , Tang Naifu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsTo comprehend the current research hotspots and emerging trends in big data research within the global nursing domain.DesignBibliometric analysis.MethodsThe quality articles for analysis indexed by the science core collection were obtained from the Web of Science database as of February 10, 2023.The descriptive, visual analysis and text mining were realized by CiteSpace and VOSviewer.ResultsThe research on big data in the nursing field has experienced steady growth over the past decade. A total of 45 core authors and 17 core journals around the world have contributed to this field. The author's keyword analysis has revealed five distinct clusters of research focus. These encompass machine/deep learning and artificial intelligence, natural language processing, big data analytics and data science, IoT and cloud computing, and the development of prediction models through data mining. Furthermore, a comparative examination was conducted with data spanning from 1980 to 2016, and an extended analysis was performed covering the years from 1980 to 2019. This bibliometric mapping comparison allowed for the identification of prevailing research trends and the pinpointing of potential future research hotspots within the field.ConclusionsThe fusion of data mining and nursing research has steadily advanced and become more refined over time. Technologically, it has expanded from initial natural language processing to encompass machine learning, deep learning, artificial intelligence, and data mining approach that amalgamates multiple technologies. Professionally, it has progressed from addressing patient safety and pressure ulcers to encompassing chronic diseases, critical care, emergency response, community and nursing home settings, and specific diseases (Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke, etc.). The convergence of IoT, cloud computing, fog computing, and big data processing has opened new avenues for research in geriatric nursing management and community care. However, a global imbalance exists in utilizing big data in nursing research, emphasizing the need to enhance data science literacy among clinical staff worldwide to advance this field.Clinical RelevanceThis study focused on the thematic trends and evolution of research on the big data in nursing research. Moreover, this study may contribute to the understanding of researchers, journals, and countries around the world and generate the possible collaborations of them to promote the development of big data in nursing science.
Environment‐dependent metabolic investments in the mixotrophic chrysophyte Ochromonas
Authors: Barbaglia Gina S. , Paight Christopher , Honig Meredith , Johnson Matthew D. , Marczak Ryan , Lepori‐Bui Michelle , Moeller Holly V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMixotrophic protists combine photosynthesis and phagotrophy to obtain energy and nutrients. Because mixotrophs can act as either primary producers or consumers, they have a complex role in marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles. Many mixotrophs are also phenotypically plastic and can adjust their metabolic investments in response to resource availability. Thus, a single species's ecological role may vary with environmental conditions. Here, we quantified how light and food availability impacted the growth rates, energy acquisition rates, and metabolic investment strategies of eight strains of the mixotrophic chrysophyte, Ochromonas. All eight Ochromonas strains photoacclimated by decreasing chlorophyll content as light intensity increased. Some strains were obligate phototrophs that required light for growth, while other strains showed stronger metabolic responses to prey availability. When prey availability was high, all eight strains exhibited accelerated growth rates and decreased their investments in both photosynthesis and phagotrophy. Photosynthesis and phagotrophy generally produced additive benefits: In low‐prey environments, Ochromonas growth rates increased to maximum, light‐saturated rates with increasing light but increased further with the addition of abundant bacterial prey. The additive benefits observed between photosynthesis and phagotrophy in Ochromonas suggest that the two metabolic modes provide nonsubstitutable resources, which may explain why a tradeoff between phagotrophic and phototrophic investments emerged in some but not all strains.
Ibero‐Panamerican Federation of Periodontology Delphi study on the trends of periodontology and periodontics by the year 2030. A Latin American consensus
Authors: Málaga‐Figueroa Lilian , Alarcón Marco Antonio , Pannuti Claudio Mendes , Horna Patricia , López‐Pacheco Andrea , Gómez Mariel , Jiménez Paola , Romito Giuseppe Alexandre , Lozano Elizabeth , Duque Andrés , Montealegre Mauricio , Vega Marco Vinicio Medina , Galindo Roberto , Umanzor Vilma , Zerón Agustín , Barrios Carlos , Shedden Mónica , Castillo Ruth , Collins James , Bueno Luis , Giménez Xiomara , Sanz Mariano , Herrera David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAs elsewhere in the world, the prevalence of periodontitis in stages I–II is high in the Latin American population, this scenario emphasizes the need for identification of urgent needs for allocating adequate resources to provide diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of these diseases. The aim of this Delphi study was to predict the trends in periodontology/periodontics in the Latin American region by the year 2030.MethodsA steering committee and an advisory group of experts in periodontology/periodontics were selected from 16 countries. An open questionnaire of 60 questions was validated and used following the Delphi methodology.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty‐five experts from Latin America answered the two rounds of the questionnaire. Moderate to strong consensus was reached on 45 questions (75%). The prediction was that the prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis in stages I and II will be maintained, the importance of the link with systemic diseases will increase, and the impact of prevention and periodontal treatment will also increase, mainly in the private sector. There was a strong consensus that plastic and regenerative surgical procedures will increase, as well as the demand for training in the specialty of periodontology.ConclusionsThe present study has provided relevant and useful information on predictions in periodontology/periodontics in Latin America, with important level of consensus among experts. It has been predicted that periodontitis will still be a highly prevalent disease, and its links with other medical conditions should demand more attention by health authorities to develop adequate prevention and management policies and strategies.
Periostin in the relation between periodontal disease and atherosclerotic coronary artery disease: A pilot randomized clinical study
Authors: Padial‐Molina Miguel , Gonzalez‐Perez Gloria , Martin‐Morales Natividad , Sanchez‐Fernandez Elena , O'Valle Francisco , Galindo‐Moreno Pablo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze the effects of periodontal treatment on markers of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and circulating levels of periostin.BackgroundPeriostin is necessary for periodontal stability, but it is highly present in atherosclerotic plaques. Treatment of periodontal disease, with low levels of local periostin, is thought to reduce systemic levels of periostin. Thus, this may contribute to cardiovascular health.MethodsA pilot randomized controlled clinical trial was designed to include patients with severe periodontal disease and history of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum were collected before and after periodontal treatment by periodontal surgery or non‐surgical therapy. The levels of several markers of inflammation and cardiovascular damage were evaluated including CRP, IFN‐γ, IL‐1ß, IL‐10, MIP‐1α, periostin, and TNF‐α in GCF and CRP, Fibrinogen, IFN‐γ, IL‐1ß, IL‐6, IL‐10, L‐Selectin, MIP‐1α, Periostin, TNF‐α, and vWF in serum.ResultsA total of 22 patients with an average of 56 years old were recruited for participating in this study. Twenty of them were male. Most of them (82%) had suffered an acute myocardial event and underwent surgery for placing 1, 2, or 3 stents in the coronary arteries more than 6 months ago but less than 1 year. The treatment of periodontal disease resulted in an overall improvement of all periodontal parameters. Regarding the evaluation of GCF and serum, a significant increase of periostin in the GCF was observed after periodontal surgery. In contrast, although other markers in GCF and serum improved, no significant correlations were found.ConclusionTreatment of periodontal disease through periodontal surgery induces a local and transient increase in the levels of periostin in the gingival crevicular fluid. The effects on systemic markers of inflammation and cardiovascular function have not been confirmed.
Incidence of cryoballoon expansion dislodgement during pulmonary vein isolation–An underappreciated frequent cause of incomplete isolation
Authors: Liao Yu , Tomaiko‐Clark Emrie D. , Martinez Jake , Shinoda Yasutoshi , Morris Michael F. , Liu Zhao , Shatz Dalise Yi , Katrapati Praneeth , Sahara Naohiko , Weiss J. Peter , Zawaneh Michael S. , Tung Roderick , Bai Rong , Su Wilber 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) requires adequate contact between the pulmonary vein (PV) antrum and cryoballoon. The surge of intraballoon pressure during the initial phase of ablation may change the balloon's shape and compliance, resulting in balloon dislodgement and loss of PV occlusion. Without continuous monitoring, this phenomenon is often undetected but can be associated with incomplete PV isolation (PVI).MethodsPrimary cryoablation of AF was performed in 15 patients. PV occlusion status pre‐ and post‐freezing were analyzed with intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) and dielectric imaging‐based occlusion tool (DIOT) to calculate the incidence of expansion dislodgement of cryoballoon.ResultsA total of 105 cryoablation applications were performed on 57 veins, including three common ostiums of left pulmonary veins. In the evaluation of PV occlusion, both modalities reported consistent results in 86.7% of the assessments. Despite complete PV occlusion before ablation, peri‐balloon leak after initiation of freezing was detected by ICE in 5/22 (22.7%) applications and by DIOT in 8/25 (32%) applications.ConclusionIncidence of expansion dislodgement of the cryoballoon was detected in one‐fourth to one‐third of cryoablation applications depending on the imaging modality used, which was clinically frequent and significant.
SPIRO – the automated Petri plate imaging platform designed by biologists, for biologists
Authors: Ohlsson Jonas A. , Leong Jia Xuan , Elander Pernilla H. , Ballhaus Florentine , Holla Sanjana , Dauphinee Adrian N. , Johansson Johan , Lommel Mark , Hofmann Gero , Betnér Staffan , Sandgren Mats , Schumacher Karin , Bozhkov Peter V. , Minina Elena A. 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYPhenotyping of model organisms grown on Petri plates is often carried out manually, despite the procedures being time‐consuming and laborious. The main reason for this is the limited availability of automated phenotyping facilities, whereas constructing a custom automated solution can be a daunting task for biologists. Here, we describe SPIRO, the Smart Plate Imaging Robot, an automated platform that acquires time‐lapse photographs of up to four vertically oriented Petri plates in a single experiment, corresponding to 192 seedlings for a typical root growth assay and up to 2500 seeds for a germination assay. SPIRO is catered specifically to biologists' needs, requiring no engineering or programming expertise for assembly and operation. Its small footprint is optimized for standard incubators, the inbuilt green LED enables imaging under dark conditions, and remote control provides access to the data without interfering with sample growth. SPIRO's excellent image quality is suitable for automated image processing, which we demonstrate on the example of seed germination and root growth assays. Furthermore, the robot can be easily customized for specific uses, as all information about SPIRO is released under open‐source licenses. Importantly, uninterrupted imaging allows considerably more precise assessment of seed germination parameters and root growth rates compared with manual assays. Moreover, SPIRO enables previously technically challenging assays such as phenotyping in the dark. We illustrate the benefits of SPIRO in proof‐of‐concept experiments which yielded a novel insight on the interplay between autophagy, nitrogen sensing, and photoblastic response.