bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global analysis of the abundance of AU-rich mRNAs in response to glucocorticoid treatment
Authors: Muazzen Zeyad , Moghrabi Walid , Bakheet Tala , Mahmoud Linah , Al-Saif Maher , Khabar Khalid S. A. , Hitti Edward G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlucocorticoids (GC) like dexamethasone (Dex) are potent anti-inflammatory agents with diverse cellular functions including the potentiation of the activity of AU-rich elements (AREs). AREs are cis-acting instability sequence elements located in the 3′UTRs of many inflammatory mediator mRNAs. Here, available RNA-seq data were used to investigate the effect of GCs on the ARE-mRNA-transcriptome. At a global scale, ARE-mRNAs had a tendency to be downregulated after GC-treatment of the A549 lung cancer cell-line, but with notable cases of upregulation. mRNA stability experiments indicated that not only the downregulated, but also the upregulated ARE-mRNAs are destabilized by Dex-treatment. Several of the most upregulated ARE-mRNAs code for anti-inflammatory mediators including the established GC targets DUSP1 and ZFP36; both code for proteins that target ARE-containing mRNAs for destruction. GCs are widely used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients; we show that ARE-mRNAs are more likely to regulate in opposite directions between Dex-treatment and SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to non-ARE mRNAs. The effect of GC treatment on ARE-mRNA abundance was also investigated in blood monocytes of COVID-19 patients. The results were heterogeneous; however, in agreement with in vitro observations, ZFP36 and DUSP1 were often amongst the most differentially expressed mRNAs. The results of this study propose a universal destabilization of ARE-mRNAs by GCs, but a diverse overall outcome in vitro likely due to induced transcription or due to the heterogeneity of COVID-19 patient’s responses in vivo.
Federated clustered multi-domain learning for health monitoring
Authors: Jiang Shiyi , Li Yuan , Firouzi Farshad , Chakrabarty Krishnendu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWearable Internet of Things (WIoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are rapidly emerging technologies for healthcare. These technologies enable seamless data collection and precise analysis toward fast, resource-abundant, and personalized patient care. However, conventional machine learning workflow requires data to be transferred to the remote cloud server, which leads to significant privacy concerns. To tackle this problem, researchers have proposed federated learning, where end-point users collaboratively learn a shared model without sharing local data. However, data heterogeneity, i.e., variations in data distributions within a client (intra-client) or across clients (inter-client), degrades the performance of federated learning. Existing state-of-the-art methods mainly consider inter-client data heterogeneity, whereas intra-client variations have not received much attention. To address intra-client variations in federated learning, we propose a federated clustered multi-domain learning algorithm based on ClusterGAN, multi-domain learning, and graph neural networks. We applied the proposed algorithm to a case study on stress-level prediction, and our proposed algorithm outperforms two state-of-the-art methods by 4.4% in accuracy and 0.06 in the F1 score. In addition, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by investigating variants of its different modules.
Seed priming with selenium improves growth and yield of quinoa plants suffering drought
Authors: Raza Muhammad Aown Sammar , Aslam Muhammad Usman , Valipour Mohammad , Iqbal Rashid , Haider Imran , Mustafa Abd El-Zaher M. A. , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Ali Iftikhar , Roy Rana , Elshamly Ayman M. S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDrought stress is a worldwide threat to the productivity of crops, especially in arid and semi-arid zones of the world. In the present study, the effect of selenium (Se) seed priming on the yield of quinoa under normal and drought conditions was investigated. A pot trial was executed to enhance the drought tolerance in quinoa by Se seed priming (0, 3, 6, and 9 mg Se L−1). The plants were exposed to water stress at three different growth stages of quinoa, viz. multiple leaf, flowering, and seed filling. It was noticed that drought significantly affected the yield components of quinoa, however, Se priming improved the drought tolerance potential and yield of quinoa by maintaining the plant water status. Se priming significantly increased main panicle length (20.29%), main panicle weight (26.43%), and thousand grain weight (15.41%) as well as the gas exchange parameters (transpiration rate (29.74%), stomatal conductance (35.29%), and photosynthetic rate (28.79%), total phenolics (29.36%), leaf chlorophyll contents (35.97%), water relations (leaf relative water contents (14.55%), osmotic potential (10.32%), water potential (38.35%), and turgor potential (31.37%), and economic yield (35.99%) under drought stress. Moreover, Se priming markedly improved grain quality parameters i.e., phosphorus, potassium, and protein contents by 21.28%, 18.92%, and 15.04%, respectively. The principal component analysis connected the various study scales and showed the ability of physio-biochemical factors to describe yield fluctuations in response to Se seed priming under drought conditions. In conclusion, a drought at the seed-filling stage has a far more deleterious impact among other critical growth stages and seed priming with Se (6 mg L−1) was found more effective in alleviating the detrimental effects of drought on the grain yield of quinoa.
A cold-atom Ramsey clock with a low volume physics package
Authors: Bregazzi A. , Batori E. , Lewis B. , Affolderbach C. , Mileti G. , Riis E. , Griffin P. F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe demonstrate a Ramsey-type microwave clock interrogating the 6.835 GHz ground-state transition in cold $$^{87}$$

87

Rb atoms loaded from a grating magneto-optical trap (GMOT) enclosed in an additively manufactured loop-gap resonator microwave cavity. A short-term stability of $$1.5 \times 10^{-11} \tau ^{-1/2}$$

1.5
×

10

-
11

τ

-
1
/
2

is demonstrated, in reasonable agreement with predictions from the signal-to-noise ratio of the measured Ramsey fringes. The cavity-grating package has a volume of $$\approx $$
≈
67 cm$$^{3}$$

3

, ensuring an inherently compact system while the use of a GMOT drastically simplifies the optical requirements for laser cooled atoms. This work is another step towards the realisation of highly compact portable cold-atom frequency standards.
Mitofusin 1 silencing decreases the senescent associated secretory phenotype, promotes immune cell recruitment and delays melanoma tumor growth after chemotherapy
Authors: Tarallo Doménica , Martínez Jennyfer , Leyva Alejandro , Mónaco Amy , Perroni Carolina , Tassano Marcos , Gambini Juan Pablo , Cappetta Mónica , Durán Rosario , Moreno María , Quijano Celia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCellular senescence is a therapy endpoint in melanoma, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) can affect tumor growth and microenvironment, influencing treatment outcomes. Metabolic interventions can modulate the SASP, and mitochondrial energy metabolism supports resistance to therapy in melanoma. In a previous report we showed that senescence, induced by the DNA methylating agent temozolomide, increased the level of fusion proteins mitofusin 1 and 2 in melanoma, and silencing Mfn1 or Mfn2 expression reduced interleukin-6 secretion by senescent cells. Here we expanded these observations evaluating the secretome of senescent melanoma cells using shotgun proteomics, and explored the impact of silencing Mfn1 on the SASP. A significant increase in proteins reported to reduce the immune response towards the tumor was found in the media of senescent cells. The secretion of several of these immunomodulatory proteins was affected by Mfn1 silencing, among them was galectin-9. In agreement, tumors lacking mitofusin 1 responded better to treatment with the methylating agent dacarbazine, tumor size was reduced and a higher immune cell infiltration was detected in the tumor. Our results highlight mitochondrial dynamic proteins as potential pharmacological targets to modulate the SASP in the context of melanoma treatment.
Sediment temperature characteristics and their relation to distribution patterns of two sentinel crab species in intertidal flats in western Japan
Authors: Koyama Akihiko , Inui Ryutei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the context of global climate change, monitoring focused on temperature and benthic animals in intertidal flats and the development of metrics to assess climate change and ecosystem responses are essential for a sustainable society. However, few studies have assessed the relationship between intertidal sediment temperature and the distribution of benthic animals. To address this gap, in the present study, intertidal sediment temperatures were observed in 12 intertidal flats in 11 survey areas over 335 days, from October 2, 2019, to August 31, 2020, using water temperature data loggers. The characteristics of intertidal sediment temperatures were variable among the survey areas, and a correlation analysis suggested that such characteristics are possibly influenced by various spatial-scale factors, such as geographical, basin, and habitat scales. Furthermore, two sentinel crab species, Macrophthalmus japonicus and Macrophthalmus banzai were collected, and the number of wintering individuals of each species was estimated based on their carapace width to analyze the changes in abundances of the two species in each survey area. The results show that the number of days with daily minimum temperature ≥ 19 °C was the factor that influenced the abundance rate, suggesting that M. japonicus and M. banzai populations may decrease and increase, respectively, according to future climate change in Japan. Our findings emphasize the importance of long-term monitoring of sediment temperatures and benthic animals in intertidal flats to evaluate the influence of future climate change.
Microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of the Mg2−xYxNi0.9Co0.1 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) alloys
Authors: Li Defa , Huang Feng , Ren Bingzhi , Wang Shujie , Zhang Wei , Zhu Liming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRare earth elements have excellent catalytic effects on improving hydrogen storage properties of the Mg2Ni-based alloys. This study used a small amount of Y to substitute Mg partially in Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1 and characterized and discussed the effects of Y on the solidification and de-/hydrogenation behaviors. The Mg2−xYxNi0.9Co0.1 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) hydrogen storage alloys were prepared using a metallurgy method. The phase composition of the alloys was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Additionally, their microstructure and chemical composition were studied using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. The hydrogen absorption and desorption properties of the alloys were studied using pressure-composition isotherms and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) measurements. The structure of the as-cast Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1 alloy was composed of the peritectic Mg2Ni, eutectic Mg–Mg2Ni, and a small amount of pre-precipitated Mg–Ni–Co ternary phases, and was converted into the Mg2NiH4, Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1H4, and MgH2 phases after hydrogen absorption. Furthermore, the XRD patterns of the alloys showed the MgYNi4 phase and a trace amount of the Y2O3 phase along with the Mg and Mg2Ni phases after the addition of Y. After hydrogen absorption, the phase of the alloys was composed of the Mg2NiH4, MgH2, MgYNi4, YH3, Y2O3, and Mg2NiH0.3 phases. With the increase of Y addition, the area ratios of the peritectic Mg2Ni matrix phase in the Mg2−xYxNi0.9Co0.1 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) alloys gradually decreased until they disappeared. However, the eutectic structure gradually increased, and the microstructures of the alloys were obviously refined. The addition of Y improves the activation performance of the alloys. The alloy only needed one cycle of de-/hydrogenation to complete the activation for x = 0.4. The DSC curves showed that the initial dehydrogenation temperatures of Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1 and Mg1.8Y0.2Ni0.9Co0.1 were 200 and 156 °C, respectively. The desorption activation energies of the hydrides of the Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1 and Mg1.8Y0.2Ni0.9Co0.1 alloys calculated using the Kissinger method were 94.7 and 56.5 kJ/mol, respectively. Moreover, the addition of Y reduced the initial desorption temperature of the alloys and improved their kinetic properties.
A first report on prokaryotic diversity in northwestern Arafura deep-sea sediments, Indonesia
Authors: Tapilatu Yosmina , Fauzan Ihsan , Pradipta Ariel , Kusuma Ali Budhi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIndonesia's deep-sea microbial communities remain poorly understood, prompting the need for comprehensive investigations. This study aimed to assess the bacterial and archaeal diversities in northwestern Arafura deep-sea sediments, spanning depths of 100 to 1,457 m using a 16S rRNA based-metagenomic sequencing approach, without technical and biological replicates. Principal component analyses based on the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity index indicated that most of the bacterial and archaeal communities were habitat-specific and influenced by depth. The most prevalent known bacterial phylotypes were detected from all samples belonging to the phylum of Desulfobacteriota, Pseudomonadota, and Firmicutes. In addition, the samples also harbored diverse members of the Archaea domain, including Crenarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota and Haloarchaeota. Notably, the sequencing data revealed the significant presence of rare prokaryotic taxa, including uncultured counterparts with less than 1% abundance. The findings suggest that novel and rare prokaryotic taxa are abundant in northwestern Arafura deep-sea ecosystem, offering unique opportunities for further bioprospecting and functional ecology studies.
Farming practices to enhance biodiversity across biomes: a systematic review
Authors: Cozim-Melges Felipe , Ripoll-Bosch Raimon , Veen G. F. , Oggiano Philipp , Bianchi Felix J. J. A. , van der Putten Wim H. , van Zanten Hannah H. E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntensive agriculture for food and feed production is a key driver of global biodiversity loss. It is generally assumed that more extensive practices are needed to reconcile food production with biodiversity conservation. In a literature review across biomes and for seven taxa, we retrieved 35 alternative practices (e.g. no-tillage, cover crops, organic fertilizer) from 331 studies. We found that no single practice enhanced all taxonomic groups, but that overall less intensive agricultural practices are beneficial to biodiversity. Nevertheless, often practices had no effects observed and very rarely contrasting impacts on aboveground versus belowground taxa. Species responses to practices were mostly consistent across biomes, except for fertilization. We conclude that alternative practices generally enhance biodiversity, but there is also variation in impacts depending on taxonomic group or type of practice. This suggests that a careful selection of practices is needed to secure biodiversity across taxa in future food systems worldwide.
A bromo(boryloxy) silylene and its heavier analogues
Authors: Guthardt Robin , Jones Cameron 
Published: January 2024

A selection of halo tetrylenes was synthesized utilizing a bulky boryloxy ligand {B}*O. In a reaction of {B}*OSiBr with benzophenone we observed the formation of a siloxindane which is reminiscence of the behaviour of smaller cyclic silylenes.
A PLC communication characteristics‐based fault location method in medium voltage meshed distribution networks
Authors: Bin Chen , Min‐gang Tan , Junliang Qian , Yi Tang , Chaohai Zhang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA power line carrier (PLC) communication characteristics‐based method is proposed for single‐phase‐to‐ground fault location in neutral isolated medium voltage meshed distribution networks in this paper. The carrier signals with a time‐varying frequency and constant amplitude are processed by a set of PLC transmitters and receivers, whose placement is optimized by regarding the power network as an undirected graph. Two signal encoding and decoding algorithms for the PLC terminals are proposed to avoid using expensive timing systems between the terminals. The fault location technique is implemented by comparing the cosine similarity of amplitude attenuation and phase offset between the fault and a feature library. The node corresponding to the maximum cosine similarity of the characteristics between the present fault and the library is selected as the location of the current fault. Only one set of low‐cost PLC communication terminals and the widely available power lines are needed in the fault location system, making this approach highly practical. Numerical simulations using MATLAB/Simulink have been performed to verify the technique's feasibility. The results show that the method can accurately locate faults in neutral isolated medium voltage meshed distribution networks. Besides, the presented approach achieves a high level of accuracy in estimating transition resistance values.
Brake disc positioning and defect detection method based on improved Canny operator
Authors: Guo Jun , Yang Yang , Xiong Xin , Yang Yue , Shao Mengzhen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFirstly, the Canny operator combined with circle fitting is used to position the working surface. Secondly, the median filter and the Laplacian operator are selected for preprocessing. Due to uneven illumination, surface texture, or environmental dust, the extracted scratches exhibit fragmentation, and traditional morphological operations cannot handle scratches well, so an improved Canny operator combined with probabilistic Hough transform is proposed for scratch connection. A bidirectional connection is introduced to optimize the edge detection process of the Canny operator, and a parallel algorithm is introduced to shorten the detection time. Finally, the standard Hough transform needs to traverse the entire parameter space, and the calculation is complicated, and the probability Hough transform is selected. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional Canny algorithm, the precision, recall, and F1‐score of the improved Canny algorithm are increased by 3.2%, 13.2%, and 6.0%, respectively. After adding parallel processing, the average detection time was reduced by 45 ms. Finally, the accuracy of scratches extracted using this algorithm reached 97.96%, the leak rate, and mistake rate of this study are only 3.33% and 2.00%, which provides a more accurate and efficient theoretical support for the research on brake disc scratch detection.
CXCR4-targeted Theranostics in Hematooncology: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Werner Rudolf , Haug Alexander , Buske Christian , Heidegger Simon , Illert Anna L. , Bassermann Florian , Herhaus Peter , Buck Andreas , Duell Johannes , Topp Max S , Kraus Sabrina , Einsele Hermann , Lapa Constantin , Raderer Markus , Lenz Georg , Habringer Stefan , von Tresckow Bastian , Keller Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractC-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is overexpressed in a multitude of cancers, including neoplasms of hematopoietic origin. This feature can be leveraged by a theranostic approach, which provides a read-out of the actual CXCR4 expression in vivo, followed by CXCR4-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) exerting anti-cancer as well as myeloablative efficacy. In a recent meeting of hematooncology and nuclear medicine specialists, statements on the current clinical practice and future perspectives of this innovative concept were proposed and summarized in this opinion article. Experts concluded that i) CXCR4-directed [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor PET/CT has the potential to improve imaging for patients with marginal zone lymphoma; ii) CXCR4-targeted RLT exerts anti-lymphoma efficacy and myeloablative effects in patients with advanced, treatment-refractory T-cell lymphomas; iii) prospective trials with CXCR4-based imaging and theranostics are warranted.
„Alleine schaffe ich das nicht…“ – Bedürfnisanalyse der Angehörigen von Palliativpatienten im Entlassungsprozess aus dem Krankenhaus
Authors: Hanke Mareike , Doll Axel , Simon Steffen T. , Eisenmann Yvonne 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Studie untersucht die Bedürfnisse und Belastungen der Angehörigen von Palliativpatient*innen im Entlassungsprozess aus dem Krankenhaus, um diesen mit angepassten Angeboten zu verbessern.
Methodik Es wurden 10 qualitative Interviews mit Angehörigen von Palliativpatient*innen im Entlassungsprozess geführt und ein Fragebogen zu Bedarfen erhoben. Die Interviews wurden inhaltsanalytisch, der Fragebogen deskriptiv ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Kernthemen waren: Entscheidungsfindung, Organisations- und Informationsbedarf und psychosoziale Bedürfnisse. Aus der als selbstverständlich angesehenen Pflege zu Hause resultieren Versagensängste und ein Informationsbedarf an Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten, beispielsweise der Palliativdienste.
Schlussfolgerung Informationsgespräche und -material sowie eine Einbindung in die Pflege im Krankenhaus können die Angehörigen unterstützen. Für die realistische Einschätzung der Pflege zu Hause und externe Unterstützung ist eine rechtzeitige Aufklärung wichtig.
Update on Thrombosis Risk in Patients with Cancer: Focus on Novel Anticancer Immunotherapies
Authors: Moik Florian , Riedl Jakob M. , Englisch Cornelia , Ay Cihan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThromboembolic complications, including venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thromboembolism (ATE), increase mortality and morbidity, and delay treatment in patients with cancer. Therefore, an increased understanding of underlying risk profiles, the identification of risk factors and predictive biomarkers, and ultimately the development of specific cardiovascular prevention strategies in patients with cancer is needed. Medical anticancer therapies have undergone a remarkable development in recent years with the advent of targeted and immunotherapeutic treatment options, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies and bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs). These developments have important implications for the accompanied risk of thromboembolic events in patients with cancer. First, the increased use of these highly effective therapies renders a growing proportion of patients with cancer at risk of thromboembolic events for a prolonged risk period due to an increase in patient survival despite advanced cancer stages. Second, potential direct cardiovascular toxicity and prothrombotic effect of novel anticancer immunotherapies are a matter of ongoing debate, with emerging reports suggesting a relevant risk of VTE and ATE associated with ICI, and relevant dysregulations of hemostasis in the frequently observed cytokine-release syndrome associated with BiTEs and CAR T-cell therapy. The aim of the present narrative review is to summarize the implications of the emerging use of anticancer immunotherapy for thromboembolic events in patients with cancer, and to provide an overview of available data on the rates and risk factors for VTE and ATE associated with ICI, CAR T-cell therapy, and BiTEs.