bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dihydrotanshinone I enhanced BRAF mutant melanoma treatment efficacy by inhibiting the STAT3/SOX2 signaling pathway
Authors: Luo Xing , Duan Yi , He Jinwei , Huang CongGai , Liu Jun , Liu Yifan , Xu Mengdei , Dai Qiong , Yang Zhihui 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe Food and Drug Administration has approved the Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) inhibitor and Mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitor combo as the first-line treatment for individuals with metastatic melanoma, although the majority of these patients exhibit primary or secondary drug resistance in the clinic. Dihydrotanshinone I (DHT) is a lipophilic compound extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza that has been linked to multiple antitumor activities. In this study, we investigated the effect of dihydrotanshinone I on the MAPK pathway inhibitor resistance of BRAF mutant malignant melanoma.MethodAfter treating A375, A375R, and A2058 cells with DHT or a combination of DHT and BRAF/MEK inhibitors, WB and Real-Time RT-qPCR were used to confirm the activation of the MAPK and STAT3/SOX2 pathways. CCK-8 was used to assess cell viability, while flow cytometry was used to identify apoptosis. In addition, mice were inoculated with A375 cells to establish a model of tumour formation, and various drug groups and treatment models were utilized. The diameter and weight of tumours in each group were then measured, and IHC and HE staining were used to assess the expression of two pathways and cytotoxicity, respectively.ResultsThis study found that DHT directly interacts with STAT3 protein and it can stop the feedback activation of the STAT3/SOX2 pathway caused by the use of MAPK pathway inhibitors. In addition, the combination of DHT and BRAF/MEK inhibitors can inhibit the proliferation and growth of BRAF mutant melanoma cells and primary and secondary drug-resistant cells. Finally, we proved that the combined therapy of DHT and BRAF/MEK inhibitors is reliable and effective at animal and cell levels.ConclusionIn BRAF mutant melanoma cells, DHT suppresses the STAT3/SOX2 signaling pathway. Combining DHT, BRAF inhibitors, and MEK inhibitors can help treat treatment-resistant BRAF mutant melanoma cells. Experimental results both in vitro and in vivo have shown that the combination of DHT and an inhibitor of the MAPK pathway is safer and more successful than using an inhibitor of the MAPK pathway alone when treating BRAF mutant melanoma.
Proximal bronchiolar adenoma with malignant transformation to invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma with 4 years follow-up: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Yuan-Hui , Yin Ke , Xu Jia-Qi , Xu Xiao-Ying , Zhang Jun-Lei , Liu Ji-Xuan , Feng Xin-Zhi , Lin Xiao-Yan 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundBronchiolar adenoma (BA) is a rare benign tumor originating in the bronchial mucosal epithelium and occurring primarily in the periphery of the lung. The most prominent histopathological feature of BA is a double-layer bronchial epithelium containing continuous basal cell layers. However, due to the high mutation frequency of the driver gene, there is still debate as to whether BA has the potential for malignant transformation. In frozen sections, basal cells are difficult to identify under the microscope, which makes it difficult to distinguish from mucinous adenocarcinoma, especially when BA malignancies transform into invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA), which can only be distinguished by histomorphological criteria, greatly increasing the difficulty of diagnosis.Case summaryIn this paper, we present a case study of a 59-year-old man whose chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a progressively enlarging, high-density nodule over a four-year period in the outer basal segment of the right lower lobe. Consequently, he underwent thoracoscopic wedge resection of the right lower lobe. The postoperative pathological diagnosis revealed BA with mucous gland structure formation combined with partial basal cell loss, raising the possibility of malignant transformation into IMA. Regular postoperative follow-up showed no recurrence or metastasis. Hybridization Capture-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis detected driver gene mutations in Kirsten Rat Sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDK) 6 in the case, thereby inferring the malignant transformation of BA into IMA.ConclusionIn this case, the detection of driver gene KRAS mutation and loss of continuity in the basal cell layer within the mucous glandular structures of the nodule suggests the malignant transformation of BA into IMA, inferring the malignant potential of BA.
Item-level measurement properties of the pediatric awareness and sensory motor assessment in children with medical complexity
Authors: Mulrenin Brooke , Seamon Bryant A. , Cormack Carrie , Kascak Kimberly Lane , Dodds Cynthia 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionChildren with medical complexity (CMC) are medically fragile with severe brain damage and chronic conditions, necessitating daily care. Their neurological impairments often limit participation in childhood activities, affecting quality of life. Current assessment tools fail to detect subtle abilities in CMC, hindering development of effective rehabilitation goals and interventions. The Pediatric Awareness and Sensory Motor Assessment (PASMA) was created to fill this gap, providing sensitive measurement of sensory awareness and motor response across five domains (i.e., olfactory, visual, auditory, gustatory, and tactile).MethodsIn this retrospective study, a Rasch analysis was conducted on PASMA data for CMC. The PASMA was administered five times over ten weekdays to each child, reflecting its intended clinical use to gain a reliable sense of each child's awareness.ResultsAnalysis of data from 36 CMC revealed that the PASMA is sufficiently unidimensional, effectively measuring sensory awareness and motor response as a single construct. Its rating scale structure was validated without modifications, and the item hierarchy matched clinical expectations. High item reliability (0.97) was observed, with one item (V2 blink in response to light) slightly misfitting, but without affecting overall measures. Adequate person reliability was observed (0.81), with 15% person misfit. Person misfit did not degrade item measures or model statistics. Differential item functioning (DIF) was noted for the three easiest items on specific days. The PASMA successfully stratified participants into three distinct awareness levels (low, medium, and high awareness), without floor or ceiling effects.DiscussionThe PASMA is a valid unidimensional measure of sensory awareness and motor response in CMC. Rating scale characteristics, item hierarchy, and person separation measures all support the PASMA's measurement properties within this heterogeneous sample of CMC. DIF findings support a potential reduction in the recommended number of PASMA administrations per individual. Future research will focus on establishing rater reliability and external validity. Additional efforts will support health professionals to utilize the PASMA for baseline assessments, guiding personalized interventions, and tracking progress.ConclusionClinical use of the PASMA could provide new opportunities to detect subtle abilities, preferences, and changes in CMC, to promote meaningful participation and improve quality of life.
Enterokinase deficiency associated with novel TMPRSS15 gene mutations: a case report
Authors: Li Yunxi , Li Ruijuan , Pan Yanyan , Zhou Weiran , Wang Xingcui , Dong Linlin , Liu Xuemei , Zhang Hongxia 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundEnterokinase deficiency (EKD,OMIM #226200) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in transmembrane protease serine 15 (TMPRSS15). Herein, we report a case of EKD in a patient with novel compound heterozygous TMPRSS15 mutations.Case presentationA 2-month-old female infant presented with chronic diarrhea, vomiting, pallor, general edema, skin lesions, and a failure to gain weight. Further examination revealed anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and multiorgan damage. Whole-exome sequencing further revealed two novel heterozygous variants of TMPRSS15: c.2611C&gt;T (p.Arg871Ter) and c.1584_1585insCTTT (p.Glu529LeufsTer2). The clinical symptoms dramatically improved following pancreatic enzyme replacement. During a one-year follow-up, the patient showed a normal rate of physical development, with no recurrence of anemia, hypoproteinemia, coagulopathy or skin lesions.ConclusionHerein, we presented a clinical case of EKD with two novel compound heterozygous mutations in TMPRSS15 who achieved dramatic symptom improvements following pancreatic enzyme supplementation. This case enriches the genotypic spectrum of EKD and provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of similar cases. This case suggests that if zymogen activation testing is not possible, genetic analysis may be an effective tool to facilitate early diagnosis. Further, early pancreatic enzyme supplementation is a clinical strategy which can achieve satisfactory outcomes.
Toward accurate hand mesh estimation via masked image modeling
Authors: Li Yanli , Wang Congyi , Wang Huan 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionWith an enormous number of hand images generated over time, leveraging unlabeled images for pose estimation is an emerging yet challenging topic. While some semi-supervised and self-supervised methods have emerged, they are constrained by their reliance on high-quality keypoint detection models or complicated network architectures.MethodsWe propose a novel selfsupervised pretraining strategy for 3D hand mesh regression. Our approach integrates a multi-granularity strategy with pseudo-keypoint alignment in a teacher–student framework, employing self-distillation and masked image modeling for comprehensive representation learning. We pair this with a robust pose estimation baseline, combining a standard vision transformer backbone with a pyramidal mesh alignment feedback head.ResultsExtensive experiments demonstrate HandMIM’s competitive performance across diverse datasets, notably achieving an 8.00 mm Procrustes alignment vertex-point-error on the challenging HO3Dv2 test set, which features severe hand occlusions, surpassing many specially optimized architectures.
Aim high, hit ×10: psychological strategies driving the success of South Korean archers
Authors: Lee Joonyoung , Hwang Suyoung 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionSouth Korean archers have excelled in global competitions. However, limited research exists on the factors contributing to their long-term success, particularly in the context of achieving ×10 scores. This qualitative study investigated the exceptional success of South Korean archers, focusing on their achievement of ×10 scores. Using a content analysis approach guided by epistemological perspectives, we examined the techniques, mental strategies, and coping skills for environmental factors influencing ×10 shooting performance.MethodsData were collected using convenience and snowball sampling from 65 Korean archers (Mage = 18 years ± 0.5; 55% female and 45% male) with experience hitting ×10 scores. A hybrid coding approach, combining deductive and inductive methods, was used to analyze responses. Deductive analysis applied an 8-step archery model, while inductive coding identified emergent themes. Trustworthiness was ensured through multiple rounds of coding, expert validation, and member checking.ResultsThe findings revealed several key themes across four phases of archery performance. In the preparation phase, confidence and positive mindset (30.9%), loss of self-consciousness (21%), mastery-oriented goals (18.5%), performance-oriented goals (18.5%), and psychological regulation strategies (11.1%) were significant. During the drawing and anchoring stages, physical techniques and stability (55.4%), surrounding environments (35%), and attentional focus (9.6%) were crucial. In the aiming and release phase, wind management strategies (48.4%), natural posture and kinesthetic balance (35.7%), and confidence and positive outcome expectation (15.9%) were prominent. Lastly, in the post-shot phase, positive emotion elevation (74%), cognitive affirmation (14%), and tension management (12%) were key themes. These themes illustrate the comprehensive strategies, techniques, and coping skills essential for achieving ×10 scores in archery.ConclusionsThe holistic approach equips Korean archers to manage psychological demands and maintain consistent performance under pressure. The findings provide practical applications for archers, coaches, and sport psychologists, guiding the development of interventions to enhance mental strategies, physical techniques, and environmental coping skills, thereby improving performance outcomes in archery sports.
A bibliometric and content analysis of strategy-based instruction and self-regulated learning in second or foreign language teaching from 1994 to 2024
Authors: Chen Ruihua , Wang Xiao , Zhu Kezhen 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study aims to explore the research themes and identify gaps on strategy-based instruction (SBI) and self-regulated learning (SRL) in language education, spanning the period from 1994 to 2024. Using a systematic review methodology, this study examines the empirical research in the SBI and SRL in English as second or foreign language teaching contexts published during this period.MethodsThe review employs both bibliometric and content analysis to reveal current trends to facilitate understanding of the role of SBI and SRL in teaching practices. Using VOSviewer, a keyword co-occurrence analysis was conducted on 35 selected papers from Web of Science and Scopus databases.ResultsThe bibliometric analysis reveals a shift in research focus from student self-development to the impact of learning strategies on students’ learning achievement. The content analysis indicates that studies have focused on writing instruction, enhancement of learners’ SRL, and technology-assisted instruction, with the latter showing potential for developing students’ SRL strategies.DiscussionOverall, this study highlights the significance of integrating SBI and SRL into language education, offering insights into writing instruction, technology-assisted learning, and SRL development. It emphasizes the need for future research to explore specific skills, technology-assisted learning, longitudinal mixed-methods approach. This paper aims to serve as a useful resource for researchers and practitioners involved in research related to EFL and ESL teaching.
Health belief model of parents’ COVID-19 vaccination intentions for children: perceived benefits and barriers in Indonesia
Authors: Handayani Eka Wuri , Perwitasari Dyah Aryani , Purba Fredrick Dermawan 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe uptake of vaccines against COVID-19 remains low. Some barriers to childhood vaccination uptake persist, such as parents’ assumption that children are at lower risk of severe COVID-19 and tend to be asymptomatic carriers. This study aims to develop guidance for in-depth interviews for a future qualitative study based on a cross-sectional quantitative study of parents with school-age children.MethodsThis study adopted a cross-sectional design. The study population comprised parents of 6–11-year-old children in the Centra Java province who had received the COVID-19 vaccine or not. The data were collected from August 2023 by filling in an online questionnaire. The sample size was calculated using formulation in OpenEpi for 95% confidence levels, with a statistical power of 80%.ResultsOur study finds that perceived benefit and perceived barriers are the two domains that most significantly influenced the parents’ intention to vaccinate their children. In our study, there was no significant association between parent gender and the intention to vaccinate their children. Our study shows that parents’ acceptance of vaccinating their children is high. We emphasized questions related to benefits and barriers in the interview. The questions on perceived benefits explored the advantages of COVID-19 vaccination. The content on perceived barriers examined the concerns of parents, the information influencing their decision to vaccinate their child, the procedure vaccination and the effect after vaccination.DiscussionThe significant association between parents’ intention to vaccinate their children and the perceived benefits and perceived barriers to vaccination generated guidance for in-depth interviews in the qualitative study. The health belief model should be further explored in Indonesia because of the potential external factors that may influence parents’ intention to vaccinate their children.
Concentration of traffic air pollutants and influencing metrological factors in Hawassa City roadways, Ethiopia
Authors: Yirdaw Asmare Asrat , Ejeso Amanuel , Mokie Belayneh Samrawit , Yohannes Lamrot , Bezie Anmut Endalkachew , Beyene Embialle Mengistie 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe traffic air pollution caused by transportation is a growing global problem that contributes to millions of deaths each year. Despite its importance, information on pollutant concentration is limited in many developing cities, especially in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the concentration levels and spatial and temporal variations of traffic air pollutants in Hawassa and to investigate the influence of metrological parameters on the concentration of traffic air pollutants.MethodsA real-time monitoring system of Aero-Qual Series 300/500 was used to monitor pollutants, and 24 monitoring sites were included on both heavy and low-traffic volume roads. The study monitored morning and afternoon times over 24 days to comprehensively characterize the temporal variations.ResultsThe results showed that the mean PM2.5 concentration on heavy- and low-traffic volume roads was 161.6 ± 26.1 μg/m3 and 95 ± 14.2 μg/m3, respectively, whereas the PM10 concentration was 178.7 ± 20.3 μg/ m3 and 102.3 ± 17.6 μg/m3, respectively. Similarly, the mean NO2 concentrations on roads with heavy and low traffic volumes were 86.4 ± 14.4 μg/m3 and 61.7 ± 14.2 μg/m3, respectively. Significantly higher, concentrations were recorded on traffic light roads, followed by main asphalt roads, for both types of traffic air pollutants. The ratio of PM2.5/PM10 was higher (0.924), in which the pollution sources attributed to anthropogenic sources. Kendall’s tau-b correlation analysis suggested that Meteorological parameters (temperature and relative humidity) were positively correlated with traffic air pollutants. Likewise, stepwise multiple linear regression analysis confirms that the concentrations of traffic air pollutants had a positive relationship with metrological parameters.ImplicationsThe findings of this study therefore showed the need for regular air quality monitoring of the urban areas to copping out the adverse public health impacts. And, it highlighted an urgent need for long-term monitoring of traffic air pollution and the development of emission control programs that can be readily implemented to decrease the emissions from anthropogenic sources. Also, it brings a sense of collaboration among stakeholders to tackle the effects of air pollution by providing an inclusive and sustainable development agenda for Hawassa.
Effectiveness of a harmonica-integrated, tele-supervised home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program on lung function and comprehensive health outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Zeng Qiuxuan , Lin Xiaohong , Chen Wenli , Fong Daniel Yee Tak , Li Junxin , Li Jiaying 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionHarmonica playing mimics pursed-lip breathing and strengthens respiratory muscles. Combined with music therapy, it may improve both pulmonary and mental health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, though its effects are not well understood. This protocol outlines a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating harmonica playing into pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs.Methods and analysisThis single-center, two-arm RCT will be conducted at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, China. A total of 248 adult patients (with a clinical diagnosis of COPD but without severe comorbidities, significant cognitive impairments, and prior experience with the intervention components) will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either a harmonica-integrated PR group (intervention) or a standard PR group (control) for 6 months of home-based, tele-supervised training. The intervention will incorporate harmonica sessions in addition to standard PR exercises (breathing and physical exercises). Both groups will undergo in-hospital training sessions, supplemented by daily home practice under remote supervision by PR staff. The primary outcome is lung function (measured by FEV1%), while secondary outcomes include respiratory muscle strength, exercise capacity, fatigue, dyspnea, symptom burden, mental health, self-efficacy, quality of life, social support, adherence, and patient satisfaction. Statistical analyses will employ mixed-effects models with an intention-to-treat approach.ConclusionThis trial will evaluate the efficacy of a harmonica-integrated, home-based PR program with tele-supervision for COPD patients on lung function, respiratory muscle strength, exercise capacity, and overall health. If effective, it could offer a novel, affordable, and accessible home-based PR approach for COPD management.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05995847.
Transcranial photobiomodulation for reducing symptoms of autism spectrum disorder and modulating brain electrophysiology in children aged 2–7: an open label study
Authors: Fradkin Yuli , Anguera Joaquin A. , Simon Alexander J. , De Taboada Luis , Steingold Eugenia 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundSmall pilot studies have indicated that transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) may help alleviate symptoms of neurological conditions like depression, traumatic brain injury and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).ObjectiveTo examine the effect of tPBM on the behavioral symptoms of ASD and brain electrophysiology in children aged 2–7.MethodsWe conducted an open label, one-arm study with 23 participants, aged 2–7, previously diagnosed with ASD. We delivered non-invasively to all participants pulses of near-infrared light (wavelength 850 nm, pulse 40 Hz) to cortical nodes of Default Mode Network, Broca and Wernicke areas, and occipital lobe of the brain, twice weekly for 10 weeks. The tPBM was delivered using an investigational medical device designed for this purpose. Changes in ASD symptoms were measured using pre- and post-intervention scores on the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS-2, 2nd Edition). We collected electroencephalogram (EEG) data after each treatment session from all children who tolerated wearing the EEG cap to monitor changes in brain activity.ResultsThe intervention resulted in a significant 7-point reduction in average CARS-2 scores (t = 10.23, p &lt; .0001), along with decreased delta power and increased gamma and beta power in EEG readings. The increase in gamma power was statistically significant [t(14) = 2.30, p = 0.047]. Changes in EEG power were significantly correlated with the number of sessions (delta: r(192) = −0.18, p = .013; gamma: r(192) = .19, p = .007; beta: r(192) = .15, p = .04). Improvements in CARS-2 scores were negatively correlated with changes in delta and beta power (delta: r(15) = −.59, p = .020; beta: r(15) = −.54, p = .037). No moderate or severe side effects were reported.ConclusionThis study supports the potential of tPBM as a safe and effective treatment for ASD, and it suggests that EEG measurements may serve as a useful biomarker for future research.
Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04660552