bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional hotspots and drivers of shark meat consumption in India
Authors: Karnad Divya , Narayani S. , Kottillil Shruthi , Kottillil Sudha , Gupta Trisha , Barnes Alissa , Dias Andrew , Krishna Y. Chaitanya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOver one third of shark and ray (henceforth elasmobranch) species are threatened by global extinction. Overfishing, driven largely by human consumption of various products is a key threat to >95% of threatened elasmobranch species. The local consumption of elasmobranch meat is an emerging driver of these fisheries particularly in the Global South. Very little data exists on local elasmobranch meat consumption and restaurants offer a useful insight into patterns of consumption. We examined local elasmobranch consumption in India, which has the world's third highest elasmobranch catches. We surveyed 2649 seafood restaurants across 10 coastal states and found that two states alone accounted for 70% of all restaurants serving shark meat. Nine percent of all seafood restaurants advertised elasmobranch meat. 251.6 tonnes, equivalent to 9.8% of India's annual landings, is sold every year in India's restaurants. The drivers of these sales are local cultural affinities and regional cuisines, with evidence of new and evolving consumption pathways, in states like Goa. In Goa, the state with the highest prevalence of elasmobranch meat on restaurant menus, consumption by locals, as well as consumption of “baby sharks” by tourists was driving the demand for elasmobranch meat. Small‐bodied and juvenile sharks of threatened species are at risk from local meat consumption. Elasmobranch meat consumption can be reduced by targeting interventions in the regional hotspots of maximum consumption, substituting other types of seafood as alternatives in regional cuisines, bycatch reduction, increased price and seafood consumer awareness campaigns. Preliminary findings suggest that focusing on the health implications of eating species that concentrate heavy metals will produce the greatest decreases in elasmobranch meat sales at India's restaurants.
A guide to single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis using web‐based tools for non‐bioinformatician
Authors: Yarlagadda Sagnik , Giorgio Todd D. 
Published: December 2023

Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) is a technique that has proven to be a powerful tool for a wide range of fields and research studies. However, scRNA‐seq data analysis has been dominated by scientists highly trained in bioinformatics or those with extensive computational experience and understanding. Recently, this trend has begun to shift as more user‐friendly web‐based scRNA‐seq analysis tools have been developed that require little computational experience to use. However, barriers persist for nonbioinformaticians in using this technique. Complex, unfamiliar language and scarce comprehensive literature guidance to provide a framework for understanding scRNA‐seq analysis outputs are among the obstacles. This work introduces many popular web‐based tools for scRNA‐seq and provides a general overview of their user interfaces and features. Then, a comprehensive start‐to‐finish introductory scRNA‐seq analysis pipeline is described in detail, which aims to enable researchers to carry out scRNA‐seq analysis, regardless of computational experience. Companion video tutorials can be found at “EasyScRNAseqTutorials” on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/@scrnaseqtutorials). However, as scRNA‐seq continues to penetrate new fields and expand in importance, there remains a need for more literature to help overcome barriers to its use by explaining further the highly complex and advanced analyses that are introduced within this paper.
Benthic macroinvertebrate community structure in nutrient‐rich, spring‐fed streams recently invaded by non‐native New Zealand mud snails
Authors: Preston Daniel L. , Carvallo Fernando R. , Kuber Kimberly A. , Falke Landon P. , Shupryt Michael P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Ecological roles of non‐native species can vary over space and time due to abiotic factors and characteristics of the invaded communities. For instance, nutrient availability, temperature, and flow regime can influence invasion outcomes in freshwaters. This variability makes it challenging to predict non‐native species' effects in newly introduced areas.

New Zealand mud snails (Potamopyrgus antipodarum; NZMS) are among the most widespread aquatic invasive species globally and have recently been detected in highly productive, spring‐fed streams in the upper mid‐west U.S.A. that are important trout fisheries. We hypothesised that the nutrient‐rich, thermally stable groundwater‐fed streams would provide favourable conditions for NZMS populations, potentially amplifying their effects on native communities. We surveyed benthic macroinvertebrate community structure at 10 streams representing a gradient of NZMS densities in the Driftless Area of southern Wisconsin. At five of the streams, we quantified temporal variation in NZMS and other benthic macroinvertebrates over three seasons.

NZMS populations varied considerably across sites and over time, ranging from a few hundred to over 70,000 snails/m2. NZMS numerically represented as much as 97% of the invertebrate community at the highest density sites. At two sites, NZMS increased in population density by 50‐fold and 22‐fold over the survey duration, while at other sites their densities were relatively constant. Based on a principal components analysis summarising stream environmental variables, NZMS densities were negatively associated with stream discharge and positively associated with nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations.

The total density and biomass of all benthic invertebrates, and Ephemeroptera and Amphipoda in particular, were negatively associated with NZMS density and biomass. Based on multivariate analyses, overall benthic community composition differed based on NZMS invasion status, as well as across seasons.

These results suggest that the environments of southern Wisconsin spring‐fed streams provide favourable conditions for NZMS populations, allowing them to dominate some benthic communities. NZMS effects are likely to vary strongly across streams and over time within streams, highlighting the importance of future work to mechanistically test biotic and abiotic factors influencing their abundance.
Real‐world outcomes in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma patients exposed to three or more prior treatments: an analysis from the ANZ myeloma and related diseases registry
Authors: Lim Sueh‐li , Wellard Cameron , Moore Elizabeth , Harrison Simon J. , Hang Quach , Ho Joy , Rajagopal Rajeev , Spencer Andrew 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is no currently available standard of care for triple‐class exposed, relapsed refractory myeloma (RRMM) patients in Australia. CARTITUDE‐1 (CART‐1) was a single‐arm, phase 1b/2 study of 97 triple‐class exposed RRMM patients, who received BCMA‐CAR‐T cell therapy with ciltacabtagene autocel. Overall response rate (ORR) was 98%. Median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) had not been reached at a median follow‐up of 28 months.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis on a cohort of CART‐1 comparable RRMM patients participating in the Australian and New Zealand Myeloma and Related Diseases Registry (MRDR), to compare outcomes in triple‐class exposed MM patients treated with currently available therapies, in a real‐world context. The CE‐MRDR cohort (n = 28) fulfilled CARTITUDE‐1 eligibility (CE) criteria: ≥3 lines of therapy (LOT) including an immunomodulatory agent, proteasome inhibitor and CD38‐directed monoclonal antibody (CD38mAb) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) score of 0–2 at diagnosis. The modified‐CE‐MRDR (n = 132) received ≥3 LOT but may not have received a CD38mAb with an ECOG PS score of 3 (0–3).ResultsResponses to the first subsequent therapy after eligibility were poor – ORR was 23% and 0% with progressive disease (PD) reported in 61% and 36%, CE‐MRDR and m‐CE‐MRDR respectively. Responses to the second subsequent therapy after eligibility were worse, ORR 0% and 31%, CE‐MRDR and m‐CE‐MRDR respectively, with high rates of PD, particularly in CE‐MRDR. Median OS was 5.4 versus 9.5 months, CE‐MRDR versus m‐CE‐MRDR.ConclusionsThis retrospective analysis confirms uniformly poor outcomes for Australian RRMM patients. There remains a critical need for greater accessibility to novel treatments, such as CAR‐T, outside clinical trials.
Enhancing generalizability and efficiency in clinical trials through dynamic information borrowing for both experimental and control arms: A simulation study
Authors: Yang Jiaying , Li Guochun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimUtilizing external information in clinical trials enhances validity by including a wider population and expedites the implementation of adaptive designs, ultimately improving research efficiency. However, current research focused on scenarios in which only the control group benefited from the utilization of external information, while trials involving external information in both experimental and control arms were more complex and might pose challenges when applied in real‐world settings.MethodsTo address these concerns, our study pioneered the application of test‐then‐pool, normalized power prior, calibrated power prior, and elastic prior to a two‐arm information borrowing framework and systematically compared their operating characteristics through a series of simulation studies under most and least desirable scenarios.ResultsIn the most desirable scenarios of information borrowing, all methods managed to control the mean of type I error rates within 5%, among which the normalized power prior, calibrated power prior and elastic prior approaches increased the mean of power from 85.94% to 95%. In the least desirable scenarios, the mean type I error rates for normalized power prior, calibrated power prior and elastic prior approaches exceeded 20%, while the mean power decreased to around 80%.ConclusionsOur findings reveal that the normalized power prior, calibrated power prior and elastic prior approaches are suitable for situations with minimal heterogeneity between historical and current data, whereas the test‐then‐pool approach emerges as a more prudent choice when facing substantial discrepancies between historical and current information for trials consider information borrow in both arms.
Pharmaceutical industry‐sponsored meals are associated with increased prescriptions and Medicare spending for dupilumab among dermatologists in the United States
Authors: Murayama Anju 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRationaleHealthcare industry sometimes make large marketing payments to physicians. Previous studies have demonstrated that there are significant associations between industry marketing practices and physicians' prescribing behaviours in several specialties. Given the current increasing introduction of many novel biologics for atopic dermatitis and increasing payments to dermatologists, the industry payments to dermatologists for atopic dermatitis drugs could be associated with their prescribing patterns in the United States.Aims and ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate association between dermatologists' dupilumab prescription behaviours and manufacturer's sponsored meal payments to dermatologists in the United States.MethodUsing the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and the Open Payments Database, this cross‐sectional analysis evaluated associations between manufacturer's sponsored meal payments to dermatologists related to dupilumab and dermatologists' dupilumab prescriptions between 2017 and 2021. Associations were evaluated using logistic generalised estimating equations (GEE) and negative binomial regression GEE models at individual dermatologist level.ResultsAmong 2852 dermatologists prescribing dupilumab, 74.5% received meal payments amounting to $1,083,919 between 2017 and 2021. Dermatologists receiving meal payments were more likely to prescribe dupilumab (odds ratio 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–1.65). There were also consistent dose–response associations between meal payments and total claims as well as Medicare spending. Dermatologists who received 1, 2–5, 6–10, and 11–15 meal payments per year reported 1.13 (95% CI: 1.03–1.24, p < 0.05), 1.35 (95% CI: 1.24–1.46, p < 0.001), 1.64 (95% CI: 1.48–1.82, p < 0.001), and 2.10 (95% CI: 1.78–2.47, p < 0.001) times more dupilumab‐related claims in the year when they received the payments than those who did not receive the payments, respectively.ConclusionThis study found that significant associations between industry‐sponsored meal payments and increased dupilumab prescriptions, shedding light on the potential influence of financial relationships on clinical practice. The findings call for heightened awareness among dermatologists, patients, and policymakers regarding the impact of these relationships on healthcare expenditures and decision‐making in the United States. Future research is warranted to further explore these associations longitudinally.
Maternal serum fatty acid binding protein‐4 level is upregulated in fetal growth restriction with abnormal Doppler flow patterns
Authors: Bolluk Gökhan , Oğlak Süleyman Cemil , Kayaoğlu Yıldırım Zeynep , Zengi Oğuzhan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to determine fatty acid binding protein‐4 (FABP‐4) concentrations in maternal serum of fetal growth restriction (FGR) pregnancies and controls of normal pregnancies. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the alterations in FABP‐4 levels might correlate with FGR severity.MethodsWe performed this prospective case–control study with 83 pregnant women. The study groups included 26 FGR pregnancies without abnormal fetal Doppler flow patterns and 25 pregnancies complicated with FGR accompanied by abnormal fetal Doppler flow patterns.ResultsThe median serum FABP‐4 concentrations were significantly higher in the FGR cases with abnormal Doppler flow pattern group (2.09 ng/mL) than in the FGR cases without abnormal Doppler flow pattern group (1.62 ng/mL) and the control group (1.20 ng/mL, p < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was observed between maternal serum FABP‐4 levels and time to birth from blood sample collection (r = −0.356 and p = 0.001), gestational week at birth (r = −0.386 and p < 0.001), and birth weight (r = −0.394 and p < 0.001). A 1.35 ng/mL cut‐off value of serum FABP‐4 level could be used to discriminate FGR cases with a 78.4% sensitivity and 60.6% specificity. The optimal cut‐off value of FABP‐4 levels as an indicator for the diagnosis of FGR with abnormal Doppler flow pattern was estimated to be 1.76 ng/mL, which yielded a sensitivity of 84.0% and a specificity of 75.8%.ConclusionFABP‐4 is a crucial biomarker in the diagnosis and determining the severity of pregnancies with restricted fetal growth. We consider that FABP‐4 is a powerful, reliable, and unique biomarker to diagnose FGR pregnancies.
Implementing a School‐Based Health Center Virtual Care Program: A Qualitative Exploration of the School Nurse Perspective
Authors: Burnett Honora Quinn , Boral Alyssa , Schaap Samantha , Haas‐Howard Christy , O'Leary Sonja 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool‐based health centers (SBHCs) have the capability to overcome youth barriers to care. Virtual care programs (VCP) facilitate connection between school nurse and off‐site SBHC providers and can increase the reach of SBHCs. This project aimed to examine Denver Public School nurses' perspectives of a pilot VCP.METHODSThirteen semi‐structured qualitative interviews were conducted and coded using an inductive approach to identify key themes.RESULTSFour major themes emerged: (1) obtaining consent, finding space, and capacity are challenges and nurses have suggestions; (2) nurses enjoy feeling like a valued member of a health care team, and providing additional resources to students; (3) nurses perceive benefits in providing free, efficient, higher level of care; (4) adopting novel technology is a facilitator and challenge; limitations included space and privacy.CONCLUSIONSKey findings can be utilized to further inform practice.
PALYNOFACIES AND ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF LACUSTRINE SOURCE ROCKS: THE POTRERILLOS – CACHEUTA SOURCE ROCK SYSTEM IN THE TRIASSIC CUYO BASIN, WEST‐CENTRAL ARGENTINA
Authors: Pineda Juan A. , Comerio Marcos , Ottone Eduardo G. , Salduondo Joaquín , Otegui Gastón , Erra Georgina 
Published: December 2023

This study presents an integrated investigation of the Upper Triassic Potrerillos – Cacheuta lacustrine source rock in the Cuyo Basin of western Argentina. Data came from palynofacies analyses, organic petrography, Rock‐Eval pyrolysis and mineralogical studies based on X‐ray diffraction analyses. An 80 m thick outcrop section was studied and is interpreted to represent the transition from shallow‐lacustrine sediments influenced by fluvial discharges (uppermost Potrerillos Formation) to the deposits of a deep, permanent lake (Cacheuta Formation). Three palynofacies were defined. Palynofacies I is characterized by shallowing‐upward cycles with abundant woody material, and was deposited under an oxic, disturbed water column. Palynofacies II and III occur in laminated shales rich in amorphous organic matter (AOM) and freshwater algal material (Botryococcus) respectively, which were deposited under oxygen‐depleted conditions. In general, the detrital material present suggests an input derived from fluvial discharges; however, interbedded tuffs altered to analcime and smectite suggest the transformation of vitric material in pyroclastic ash under saline to alkaline water conditions. Kerogen Types II/III and III with high total organic carbon values indicate a moderate oil‐ and gas‐prone source rock whose thermal maturity varies from immature to the early oil window (Tmax: 430‐438 °C; vitrinite reflectance: 0.59‐0.67 % VRo; and thermal alteration index: 2‐2+).This study demonstrates the importance of palynofacies analyses for the interpretation of depositional changes and associated controls in lacustrine shale successions. When integrated with data from organic geochemistry, palynofacies analysis is an important tool in the evaluation of a source rock's thermal maturity and hydrocarbon generation potential.
The rapid shift to virtual mental health care: Examining psychotherapy disruption by rurality status
Authors: Miller‐Matero Lisa R. , Knowlton Gregory , Vagnini Kaitlyn M. , Yeh Hsueh‐Han , Rossom Rebecca C. , Penfold Robert B. , Simon Gregory E. , Akinyemi Esther , Abdole Lana , Hooker Stephanie A. , Owen‐Smith Ashli A. , Ahmedani Brian K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundGiven the low usage of virtual health care prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic, it was unclear whether those living in rural locations would benefit from increased availability of virtual mental health care. The rapid transition to virtual services during the COVID‐19 pandemic allowed for a unique opportunity to examine how the transition to virtual mental health care impacted psychotherapy disruption (i.e., 45+ days between appointments) among individuals living in rural locations compared with those living in nonrural locations.MethodsElectronic health record and insurance claims data were collected from three health care systems in the United States including rurality status and psychotherapy disruption. Psychotherapy disruption was measured before and after the COVID‐19 pandemic onset.ResultsBoth the nonrural and rural cohorts had significant decreases in the rates of psychotherapy disruption from pre‐ to post‐COVID‐19 onset (32.5–16.0% and 44.7–24.8%, respectively, p < 0.001). The nonrural cohort had a greater reduction of in‐person visits compared with the rural cohort (96.6–45.0 vs. 98.0–66.2%, respectively, p < 0.001). Among the rural cohort, those who were younger and those with lower education had greater reductions in psychotherapy disruption rates from pre‐ to post‐COVID‐19 onset. Several mental health disorders were associated with experiencing psychotherapy disruption.ConclusionsThough the rapid transition to virtual mental health care decreased the rate of psychotherapy disruption for those living in rural locations, the reduction was less compared with nonrural locations. Other strategies are needed to improve psychotherapy disruption, especially among rural locations (i.e., telephone visits).
Increased training load promotes sleep propensity and slow‐wave sleep in endurance runners: Can a high‐heat‐capacity mattress topper modulate this effect?
Authors: Chauvineau Maxime , Pasquier Florane , Duforez François , Guilhem Gaël , Nedelec Mathieu 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe present study aimed to: (1) investigate sleep architecture in response to an overload training and taper periods among endurance runners; and (2) assess the sleep benefits of a high‐heat‐capacity mattress topper. Twenty‐one trained male endurance runners performed a 2‐week usual training regimen (baseline) followed by 2‐week overload and taper periods. From overload to the end of the taper period, they were assigned into two groups based on the mattress topper used: high‐heat‐capacity mattress topper (n = 11) or low‐heat‐capacity mattress topper (n = 10). Training load was assessed daily using the session rating of perceived exertion. Following each period, sleep was monitored by polysomnography, and nocturnal core body temperature was recorded throughout the night. Irrespective of the group, awakening episodes > 5 min decreased following overload compared with baseline (−0.48, p = 0.05). Independently of mattress topper, each 100 A.U. increase in 7‐day training load prior to polysomnographic recording was associated with higher slow‐wave sleep proportion (β = +0.13%; p = 0.05), lower sleep‐onset latency (β = −0.49 min; p = 0.05), and a reduction in the probability of transition from N1 sleep stage to wakefulness (β = −0.12%; p = 0.05). Sleeping on a high‐heat‐capacity mattress topper did not affect any sleep variable compared with a low‐heat‐capacity mattress topper. Increased training loads promote slow‐wave sleep and sleep propensity, highlighting the adaptative nature of sleep to diurnal activity and the role of sleep in physiological recovery. Further studies are required on the potential benefits of high‐heat‐capacity mattress toppers on sleep architecture among athletes.