bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exchanging intimacy for favors and nude photos among ninth graders
Authors: Ravn Jane , Gulbech Arense Vinding , Christensen Lise Dokkedahl , Karstensen Sven Hoedt , Ravn Pernille , Keudel Phillip KL , Lauszus Finn Friis 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Sharing nude photos and exchanging intimacy favors transcends the threshold from hidden and private content into public consciousness. Ever-present is the differentiation between an image shared by consent and those not consented to and distributed as part of harassment, revenge and abuse. Similarly, the continuum of exchanging intimacy moves across normative boundaries some see as unproblematic and occur in many sexual and romantic encounters, while others can be experienced as problematic. The purpose of this quantitative study is in a low-risk setting to investigate basic characteristics in the spread of the phenomenon of sugar-dating and nude photo sharing among adolescents.

Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was sent to all 9th grade classes at schools in a single Danish municipality for three consecutive years from 2020 to 2022 with pupils and teachers not notified in advance. The survey included questions on gender identity, sugar-dating, sharing nude photos, and, from 2022, consent and setting up boundaries to sex.

Results: Of 729 pupils 541 (74%) answered the questionnaire. More pupils with sexual debut sent nude photos of themselves via tablet/phones/computers, received nude photos and had passed them on than those without sexual debut, while no gender difference was found. More than four times as many pupils had received nude photos than pupils who had sent nudes of themselves. Ten percent stated they had exchanged intimacy for favors like presents or entry to parties; the intimacy act was spelled out as oral sex, hand job or sexual intercourse (vaginal penetration). Sugar-dating and knowledge hereof were associated with sexual debut but was not exclusively performed by debutants. Of those who gave sexual favors, 40% were non-debutant pupils.

Conclusion: The survey found a 10 % prevalence of sugar-dating and 53 % receiving nude photos amongst 9th graders. The implication of the phenomena on behavior has obvious perspectives on adolescents’ mental and physical health.
Studies on the Use of Aquatic Food in Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Khan Muhammad Wasim 
Published: November 2023

The natural resources of Pakistan, such as the Arabian Sea, the Indus Delta, dams, lakes, and mountain streams, present a variety of marine and inland fisheries potentials. These resources support numerous species with dietary and economic value. Fish and other aquatic food are major sources of protein for native people and animal populations worldwide. Fish accounts for 7% of the protein in diet and 17% in animal protein. Fish production in Pakistan rose from 214,231 metric tonnes in 1973 to 733,025 metric tonnes in 2021 at a rate of 4.9% per annum. During the same period, the amount of fish used for human consumption went from 99,368 metric tonnes to 500,866, at an annual rate of 9.7%. Fish export had increased at the rate of 18.6% from 24,623 metric tonnes in 1980 to 217,030 metric tonnes in 2021. The export values reached 496 million US$ in 2022-23. In 2021, fish imports totalled 5,770 metric tonnes. Fish for human consumption in aquatic food chains are typically sold in canned, frozen, cured, or fresh forms. Fresh marketing, freezing, and canning all require special equipment, which involves high capital costs. However, curing is a simple, low-cost preservation process that doesn't involve much in the way of material or capital expenditures. Frozen fishery products are dominant with 85%, followed by live (7%), dried (6%) and chilled (2%). Fish is also processed into meal before being added to animal feed; the bulk of processed fishmeal is used for chicken feed. 16% of the total fish production was converted to fishmeal production. With 25 currently in operation in Karachi and 30 in Gwadar, the country’s fish processing facilities are somewhat old and equipped with outdated machinery. Particularly for rural populations, fisheries resources offer sustainable development, employment opportunities, and financial rewards. Additionally, it has been noted that export statistics for fisheries are not adequately reported, which is necessary for them to be comparable to those of other countries. The study also provides sources for fisheries statistics.
Stability of complex host-guest structure and superconductivity in the alkali and alkaline earth metals under high pressure
Authors:   , Tsuppayakorn-aek Prutthipong 
Published: November 2023

This thesis investigates the existence of host-guest structure under high pressure in elemental metals such as Mg, Li, Ca, Sc and As. The new stable structure of magnesium (Mg) is predicted by ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS) technique under high pressure. The I4/mmm and Pnma structures have been predicted to give the normal metallic state at the pressure above 160 GPa. Moreover, for Li, the AIRSS technique is used to identify the host-guest (HG) of lithium (Li). The distribution of electrons between the host-host atoms has also been investigated by electron localization function. The strongly localized electron of π bond has led to the stability of the HG structure under high pressure. The calculation result from Ca in the metallic phase has led to the discovery of high-Tc superconductivity, with a Tc of 25.2 K at 160 GPa. The Tc of this monoclinic Cc structure is in good agreement with experiment. In addition, the explanation of Sc-II revealed that the 3cH and the 4cG structures coexist which form the HG structure with CH/CG ratio of 4/3 at 70 GPa. The AIRSS technique predicts the high pressure structure of Sc-III to be P41212 and also reveals Tc of 8.36 K which is in good agreement with the experimental result. Furthermore, the body-centered tetragonal (bct) structure in arsenic (As) has been predicted using AIRSS technique at 150 GPa. The calculation suggests transition sequence from the simple cubic structure transforms to the host-guest structure at 41 GPa and then to the bct structure at 81 GPa. The spectral function of bct structure is higher than those of the bcc structure. This result is also reported to be Tc 4.2 K at 150 GPa.
Pressure transmission and distribution of different thermoplastic resin denture bases under impact load
Authors:   , Nasution Hubban 
Published: November 2023

การส่งและการกระจายแรงกดของวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมมีความแตกต่างกันขึ้นอยู่กับชนิดของวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมที่เลือกใช้ วัตถุประสงค์ของการศึกษาครั้งนี้ คือ เพื่อทดสอบการส่งและการกระจายแรงกดของวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมชนิดที่อ่อนตัวเมื่อถูกความรัอนภายใต้แรงกระแทกและวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมโพลีเมทิล เมตาคริเลทชนิดบ่มตัวด้วยความร้อน รวมถึงเพื่อประเมินค่าความยืดหยุ่นของโมดูลัสและความแข็งผิวระดับนาโนของวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมชนิดที่อ่อนตัวเมื่อถูกความร้อนและวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมโพลีเมทิลเมตาคริเลทชนิดบ่มตัวด้วยความร้อน วัสดุฐานฟันปลอมที่นำมาศึกษาในครั้งนี้ประกอบด้วยวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมชนิดที่อ่อนตัวเมื่อถูกความร้อน 3 ชนิด (โพลีเอไมด์ 3 ชนิด: FRS TCS และ VAL โพลีคาร์บอเนต: BPC เอทิลีน โพรไพลีน: DUR) และวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมโพลีเมทิล เมตาคริเลทชนิดบ่มตัวด้วยความร้อน (TRI) โดยฝังซี่ฟันปลอมกรามล่างซี่แรกชนิดอะคริลิกเรซินในทุกชิ้นตัวอย่างของกลุ่มฐานฟันปลอม (จำนวนตัวอย่าง = 6) ค่าพื้นที่การส่งและกระจายแรง และค่าแรงดันสูงสุดของทุกชิ้นตัวอย่างภายใต้แรงกระแทกขนาด 50 นิวตันได้รับการตรวจด้วยแผ่นทดสอบแรงดันร่วมกับโปรแกรมวิเคราะห์ระดับดิจิทอล สำหรับค่าความยืดหยุ่นของโมดูลัสและค่าความแข็งผิวระดับนาโนของทุกกลุ่มวัสดุฐานฟันปลอม (จำนวนตัวอย่าง = 10) ถูกวัดโดยใช้ระบบเครื่องวัดความแข็งผิวระดับนาโน ข้อมูลพื้นที่การส่งและกระจายแรงกด ความยืดหยุ่นของโมดูลัสและค่าความแข็งผิวระดับนาโนนำมาวิเคราะห์ทางสถิติด้วยการวิเคราะห์ค่าความแปรปรวนทางเดียว ตามด้วยการวิเคราะห์เปรียบเทียบเชิงซ้อนชนิดเทมแฮน ขณะที่ค่าความแข็งผิวระดับนาโนใช้ทูกี้เฮชเอสดี สำหรับค่าแรงดันสูงสุดนำมาวิเคราะห์ค่าความแปรปรวนด้วยการทดสอบครัสครัล-วอลลิสตามด้วยการทดสอบแมนวิทนียูที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่น 0.05 ผลการศึกษาพบว่าพื้นที่การส่งและการกระจายแรงกดของกลุ่ม TCS แสดงค่าสูงที่สุด ขณะที่กลุ่ม DUR แสดงค่าต่ำที่สุด ค่าแรงกดสูงสุดของกลุ่ม VAL TCS และ BPC มีค่าไม่แตกต่างกันและต่ำกว่ากลุ่ม TRI สำหรับค่าความยืดหยุ่นของโมดูลัสและค่าความแข็งผิวระดับนาโนของกลุ่มวัสดุฐานฟันปลอมชนิดที่อ่อนตัวเมื่อถูกความรัอนทั้งหมดมีค่าต่ำกว่ากลุ่ม TRI
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): Management Update
Authors: Kancherla Akhil Sai 
Published: November 2023

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is a prevalent issue in sports medicine and among physically active individuals, causing significant pain and disability. While the exact pathophysiology of DOMS remains incompletely understood, this article delves into non-pharmacological approaches to effectively manage and alleviate its symptoms.
The research discusses multifaceted aspects of DOMS, encompassing its complex etiology, theories, and contributing factors. Numerous theories have been proposed, including delayed inflammatory responses, lactic acid accumulation, muscle spasms, connective tissue damage, and muscle micro-tears. These theories underscore the intricate nature of DOMS and the need for a diverse management approach.
The article explores non-pharmacological strategies to address DOMS, focusing on evidence-based methods. These methods include massage, exercise, nutrition, and natural supplements. Research has shown that massage therapy enhances muscle recovery, exercise therapy reduces soreness, and nutrition therapy through protein and amino acid intake can alleviate DOMS. Furthermore, natural supplements like ginger, tart cherry juice, and curcumin have demonstrated the potential to reduce inflammation and manage DOMS.
While pharmacological interventions may be considered for severe cases, the article underscores the importance of exercising caution due to potential side effects. In summary, DOMS management necessitates a holistic approach, combining multiple modalities and nutritional strategies to alleviate pain, enhance muscle recovery, and minimize the impact of this common condition on physically active individuals and athletes.
Efforts and Effectiveness in Improving Knowledge and Skills of Vocational Assessment for Teachers Supporting Career Decisions of Students with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Imai Aya , Maebara Kazuaki , Yaeda Jun 
Published: November 2023

Background: The number of options available to people with disabilities has gradually increased in Japan. At educational institutions where students with disabilities are enrolled, teachers must understand the various ways of life and provide appropriate guidance and support based on the actual conditions of individual students so that students can independently choose their career paths through self-selection and self-determination.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of an intervention using a vocational assessment training program on eight teachers at a special needs school in Japan.
Methods: The level of knowledge and skills was assessed before and after the intervention. Intervention effects were analyzed through the Self-Assessment for Students and Counselors-Revised tool using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with corresponding samples for differences in mean scores before and after the intervention. In addition, the difference in the mean pre- and post-intervention scores for teachers with 10 or more years of upper secondary school experience (high experience group) and those with less than 10 years of upper secondary school experience (low experience group) was calculated.
Principal Verdicts: Indicated that the training program intervention helped teachers recognize the importance of vocational assessment and subsequently improve their teaching. Furthermore, the number of years of experience in upper secondary schools influenced the effectiveness of the intervention.
Conclusions: It was suggested that this training program would be effective for professionals who have acquired basic knowledge and skills in vocational rehabilitation.
FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE PERFORMANCE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN ETHIOPIA WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO AMHARA REGION MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Chirkos Asmamaw Yigzaw 
Published: November 2023

Micro and Small enterprises (MSEs) play a key role in economic growth and industrial development of a country. They make vital contributions in improving economic and social sectors of a country through stimulating large scale employment, investment, development of indigenous skill and technology, promotion of entrepreneurship and innovativeness, enhancing exports, and also building an industrial base at different scales. However, Ethiopian micro- and small enterprises (MSEs) still perform poorly as a result of a combination of factors ranging from internal to external factors. The study aims to investigate the growth determinants of MSEs based on a survey covering 45 randomly selected MSEs from Amhara regional state of Ethiopia through the test of three main hypotheses that are formulated concerning owner characteristics, firm characteristics and business environments ( external factors) as a main determinants of growth of an enterprise. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The finding shows that there is a significant relationship between growth of MSEs and owner characteristics, firm characteristics and business environments.
INFLUENCE OF CUSTOMER SERVICE DELIVERY ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AMONG PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA
Authors: KURIA PURITY , MAORE STEPHEN  MAORE K. , MUNGA JANE 
Published: November 2023

The study determined the influence customer service delivery on organizational performance of private universities in Kenya. The study was guided by service-profit chain theory. The research used descriptive cross sectional design. The target population was 172 respondents from the targeted private universities in Kenya. Stratified random sampling approach was used to determine the sample of 124 participants. Data was collected using questionnaires. For the determination of reliability, Cronbach alpha was adopted. For the analysis of data, quantitative approaches using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0) was adopted to generate inferential and descriptive statistics results. Upon the analysis of data, data presentation was done by use of frequency tables. The study outcome revealed an existing positive and significant correlation between customer service delivery and organization performance in private universities in Kenya. This proves that, when customer service delivery is enhance, the organization performance in private universities in Kenya also greatly improves. The study therefore recommended that, Universities leadership should start implementing customer service delivery to spearhead positive results. The recommendations were that institutions should enhance customer service delivery to enhance financial performance.
EVALUATION OF DETERMINANTS OF TOURISM DESTINATION’S COMPETITIVENESS ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY
Authors: ONSERIO DELVIN K. , OMARE MONGARE , NYABOGA YOBES 
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study sought to evaluate the influence of determinants of tourism destination competitiveness on customer loyalty. The study evaluated by the fact many tourism destinations competitiveness in Kenya are silent to domestic tourism due to lack of customer loyalty. The specific objective was to evaluate the effects of destination attractiveness, to establish the effect of auxilary factors, to determine the influence of destination management and to establish the moderating role of situational condition in sanctuaries. The study would of significance to the management of tourism destinations. The study adopted Michael porter theory of competitive advantage. The study used descriptive research design. The study used a sample size of 233 respondents from tourist destinations. The target population was 466 respondents from the two sanctuaries. Stratified sampling techniques were used to select 233 respondents from Assistant warden ii, sergeant education warden, customer care officers, supervisors, animal keepers, tour guides, rangers, cage attendants, research scientist, and corporal discipline officers. The tool for data collection was research questionnaire. Validity of research instruments were measured by supervisor’s opinion and relevant research experts. Reliability of research instruments were determined by use of Crobach alpha coefficients. The data collected was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics involving percentage, mean, and standard deviations. The results were presented by use of charts, figures, graphs and tables. The findings from the study were of significance to the management of tourism destinations, policy makers, academicians and researchers who would use relevant knowledge to do further research. The destination management affects attractiveness. Development in the destination should be responsive to visitor needs, Marketing of Tourist attractions should seek to increase resident awareness and reputation of domestic holidays, There’s need to engage domestic tourists through social networks such as you tube, twitter, facebook, whatsapp, etc to ensure efficient communication, Planning and development should focus on the uniqueness of the destination.
OPPORTUNITY FOR ADVANCEMENT STRATEGY ON PERFORMANCE OF NON-ACADEMIC STAFF IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ELDORET, KENYA
Authors: SEREM CALVINE CHEPLETING , ONGESA TOM 
Published: November 2023

Globalization has energized organizations to develop strategies that would make them relevant in the market. This has been motivated by the dynamic nature of the global market that requires adaptability, continuous learning and improvement. Modern organizations are therefore faced with the dire need of developing, upgrading and expanding knowledge and skills of workers. This is presumably the best option of attaining competitive advantage. The adoption of diverse employees, collaborations, innovations, inclusivity and talent development has necessitated the need to develop opportunities for advancement of the workforce. Advancement often requires employees to acquire new skills and knowledge. These skills directly contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the broader development agendas. In view of this, training workers in sustainable practices and/or innovation is helpful in addressing various SDGs related to the environment and economic growth. Despite all these, little has been done by some universities to utilize and provide opportunities for the non-teaching workforce in the form of professional development. This study assessed the extent to which opportunity for advancement strategy influences performance of non -academic staff at the University of Eldoret in Kenya. The study endeavored to establish the influence of opportunity for advancement on employees’ performance at University of Eldoret in Kenya (UoE). The study was based on human capital theory. It was based on a quantitative research approach. The researcher used a descriptive research design to obtain views and opinions of respondents on the research problem. The target population of this study comprised all the 208 permanent non-teaching staff from which 137 were picked as sample size of the study using Yamane formula. Stratified and simple random samplings were used to select respondents for the study proportionally and randomly respectively. The study used structured questionnaires as its main primary data collection tool. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive statistics included use of percentages, frequencies, and measures of central tendency. Inferentially, linear regression analysis was applied to get the changes in dependent variable caused by the influence of independent variable. The findings of the study established that opportunity for advancement was statistically significant in explaining the dependent variable. This study will be beneficial to all stakeholders in higher education in their endeavors to enhance performance in service delivery.
NEWSPAPER AUDIENCES’ GAINS FROM READING NEWS ABOUT PARLIAMENT IN KENYA
Authors: KILONZO ONESMUS , KIILU TOMMY , GITHIORA BARNABAS 
Published: November 2023

Gate-keeping in journalism is of vital importance in the media environment today. In Kenya, the role of media in the safeguarding of transparency of democratic processes in modern-day politics and society cannot be underestimated. However, in building linkages between the people and their representatives, the gains for audience have remained clouded. This Study sought to analyze the newspaper audiences‟ gains from reading news on Parliament’s activities. The Study was anchored on Habermasian Theory of the Public Sphere as well as the Herman and Chomsky’s ‘Manufacturing Consent – A Propaganda Model’. Constructivist research philosophy adopted a mixed method design in which triangulation of tools was used. This study was conducted within Nairobi County, Kenya. The two main newspapers which were chosen were The Nation and The Standard. The results showed that overall public perception on Parliamentary reporting by print media had a negative score which in quantitative percentages would translate to 37% positive, 11% negative and 52% undecided respondents. The study concluded that Kenyans are not just passive consumers of parliamentary news. Instead, they question - and even react to – news that are likely to have great impact on their lives. The study thus recommended that vernacular newspapers be set up to specifically report on Parliament, so as to enable more people, especially those not conversant with either English or Kiswahili, to understand what happens in Parliament.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DETERMINANTS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND STOCK RETURNS OF NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS LISTED IN THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE
Authors: MWANGI FRASHIAH WANJIKU , KIPTUI MOSES , OLWENY TOBIAS 
Published: November 2023

This paper established the relationship between determinants of capital structure and stock returns of non-financial firms listed on the Nairobi Stock Exchange. Specifically, the study determined the relationship between stock return and firm’s profitability, liquidity, asset tangibility of non-financial firms listed in the NSE. Secondary data used in the study was obtained from audited published financial statements for ten years for 45 non-financial listed firms in Kenya. Panel data of thirty-five firms from NSE between the years 2011 to 2020 was used to conduct the research. Ten non-financial firms did not have complete records as they were either not listed at stock market as at year 2011 (NSE, Umeme ltd, Home Boyz Ltd) or they were delisted and not trading at the stock market by year 2020 (Uchumi Supermarket ltd, Mumias Sugar, Deacons ltd). The data series were established to be highly stochastic and skewed hence the need to transform the series to logs in order to establish normal distributions and ensure Gauss normality assumptions would apply. A panel multiple regression model was adopted in order to test the influence of the four variables on stock returns. Profitability, Liquidity, firm size and tangibility were established to influence stock returns to the tune of 68.26% while 31.74% of changes on stock returns was determined by other factors not included in the analysis. This may be attributed to the firm’s internal factors and external factors beyond the control of the firm, for example the macroeconomic factors, social and political factors and legal environment in which a firm operates on. The coefficients of the variables were assumed to be the same across the firms. Low p-values for profitability, liquidity and firm size revealed that the three factors are significant in influencing stock returns across the firms at 95% level of significance. Tangibility exhibited p-value of 0.908 which is higher than 0.05, hence not significant in influencing stock return despite the positive relationship. This implies that firms need to focus more on profit, their ability to convert their fixed assets to liquid assets (liquidity) and the size of the firm in order to have a significant impact on stock returns.