bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-report inaccuracy in the UK Biobank: Impact on inference and interplay with selective participation
Authors: Schoeler Tabea , Pingault Jean-Baptiste , Kutalik Zoltán 
Published: October 2023

While the use of short self-report measures is common practice in biobank initiatives, such phenotyping strategy is inherently prone to reporting errors. In this work, we aimed to explore challenges related to self-report errors for biobank-scale research.We derived a reporting error score (RESUM) for n=73,129 UK Biobank (UKBB) participants, capturing inconsistent self-reporting in time-invariant phenotypes across multiple measurement occasions. We then performed genome-wide association scans on RESUM, applied downstream analyses (LD Score Regression and Mendelian Randomization, MR), and compared its properties to a previously studied participation behaviour (UKBB participation propensity). The results were then used in extended analyses (simulations, inverse probability and variance weighting) to explore patterns and propose possible corrections for biases induced by reporting error and/or selective participation. Finally, to assess the impact of reporting error on SNP effects and trait heritability, we improved phenotype resolution for 15 self-report measures and inspected the changes in genomic findings.Reporting error was present in the UKBB across all 33 assessed, time-invariant, measures, with repeatability levels as low as 11% (e.g., inconsistent recall of childhood sunburns). We found that reporting error was not independent from UKBB participation, evidenced by their negative genetic correlation (rg= -0.90), their shared causes (e.g., education, income, intelligence; assessed in MR) and the loss in self-report accuracy following participation bias correction. Depending on where reporting error occurred in the analytical pipeline, its impact ranged from reduced power (e.g., for gene-discovery) to biased effect estimates (e.g., if present in the exposure variable) and attenuation of genome-wide quantities (e.g., 20% relativeh2-attenuation for self-reported childhood height).Our findings highlight that both self-report accuracy and selective participation are competing biases and sources of poor reproducibility for biobank-scale research. Implementation of approaches that aim to enhance phenotype resolution while ensuring sample representativeness are therefore essential when working with biobank data.
Transforming the performance of runners with AI-driven training planning and daily adaptivity
Authors: Nilsson LC , Södergård O , Rogestedt J , Mattson CM , Larsen FJ 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBalancing intense training with adequate recovery is key for optimal athlete performance. While insufficient or excessive training can adversely impact performance, advancements in wearable technology facilitate more effective monitoring of training and readiness level. This study combined data from Garmin watches and a 9-item questionnaire (Readiness Advisor) application to evaluate the readiness during a 39-day long training period. Two groups were studied: one with daily adaptive modifications of the training according to their readiness level and another with a static regimen where no changes were made regardless of readiness level. Results indicated that the adaptive group maintained a more consistent readiness score and showed improved physiological responses and better performance metrics. In contrast, the static group displayed non-significant improvements. This suggests that adaptive training plans, driven by individualized data and AI analytics, can significantly enhance performance outcomes and physiological adaptations for runners.
Bacterial cell surface nanoenvironment requires a specialized chaperone to activate a peptidoglycan biosynthetic enzyme
Authors: Delerue Thomas , Chareyre Sylvia , Anantharaman Vivek , Gilmore Michael C. , Popham David L. , Cava Felipe , Aravind L. , Ramamurthi Kumaran S. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBacillus subtilisspores are produced inside the cytosol of a mother cell. Spore surface assembly requires the SpoVK protein in the mother cell, but its function is unknown. Here, we report that SpoVK is a dedicated chaperone from a distinct higher-order clade of AAA+ ATPases that activates the peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase MurG during sporulation, even though MurG does not normally require activation by a chaperone during vegetative growth. MurG redeploys to the spore surface during sporulation, where we show that the local pH is reduced and propose that this change in cytosolic nanoenvironment necessitates a specific chaperone for proper MurG function. Further, we show that SpoVK participates in a developmental checkpoint in which improper spore surface assembly inactivates SpoVK, which leads to sporulation arrest. The AAA+ ATPase clade containing SpoVK includes other dedicated chaperones involved in secretion, cell-envelope biosynthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting that such fine-tuning might be a widespread feature of different subcellular nanoenvironments.
Outcome and life expectancy associated with novel subgroups of atrial fibrillation: a data-driven cluster analysis
Authors: Yu Yuefeng , Li Jiang , Sun Ying , Yu Bowei , Tan Xiao , Wang Bin , Lu Yingli , Wang Ningjian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to develop a refined classification of atrial fibrillation (AF) according to comprehensive risk factors to identify patients at high-risk for poor prognosis and their life expectancy.MethodA total of 7,391 participants aged 40-69 with AF at baseline, from UK Biobank, were classified into five clusters, based on seven clustering variables including age and six risk factor categories (metabolic disease, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, renal/immune-mediated disease, mental health disease, acute illness). Difference in the risk of death and major complications, as well as reductions in life expectancy, among clusters were estimated. Replication was done in 2,399 participants with newly diagnosed AF within two years after baseline.ResultsFive distinct AF clusters were identified: acute illness-related, mental health-related, cardiovascular disease-related, immune-and-renal disease-related, and respiratory-and- metabolic disease-related AF. Patients with respiratory-and-metabolic disease-related AF had the highest risk of death, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cerebral ischemic stroke, while those with acute illness-related AF had the lowest corresponding risk. In addition, compared with individuals with acute illness-related AF, those with respiratory-and- metabolic disease-related and mental health-related AF had the top 2 greatest loss of life expectancy. Furthermore, genetic variants for AF had different effect among the five clusters. Replication analysis confirmed the result stability.ConclusionA novel AF classification was developed, which provided insights into varying life expectancy and risks of death and complications among AF subgroups with distinct characteristics. It offers a practical approach for identifying high-risk patients, which might help to tailor precise interventions for AF management.
Macau: a society with no political party – based on the comparison with Hong Kong
Authors: Lou Shenghua , Tang Chunlin 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis paper attempts to explain the phenomenon that Macau has a parliament (Legislative Assembly) and mass suffrage but no political parties.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews the development process of “parliament – mass suffrage – political party” in Hong Kong and Macau and tries to explain why Macau does not have a party using comparative research methods.FindingsThe political party development of Hong Kong and Macau was influenced by both the (former) colonial power and China, and whether there were political parties in these two regions was the result of the game between China and the (former) colonial power. China hoped to limit the development of party politics in the two regions. Since Britain felt reluctant to cooperate with China, political parties in Hong Kong developed. At the same time, Portugal chose to defer to China, which led Macau not to have a political party.Originality/valueExisting studies have yet to explain why there are no political parties in Macau, and this paper is the first attempt to do so.
Assessing the informational credibility of conspiracy theories: online discussion about the Nord Stream damage
Authors: Savolainen Reijo 
Published: October 2023

PurposeTo elaborate the picture of credibility assessment by examining how participants of online discussion evaluate the informational credibility of conspiracy theories.Design/methodology/approachDescriptive quantitative analysis and qualitative content analysis of 2,663 posts submitted to seven Reddit threads discussing a conspiracy operation, that is, the damage of the Nord Stream gas pipelines in September 2022. It was examined how the participants of online discussion assess the credibility of information constitutive of conspiracy theories speculating about (1) suspected actors responsible for the damage, (2) their motives and (3) the ways in which the damage was made. The credibility assessments focussed on diverse sources offering information about the above three factors.FindingsThe participants assessed the credibility of information by drawing on four main criteria: plausibility of arguments, honesty in argumentation, similarity to one's beliefs and provision of evidence. Most assessments were negative and indicated doubt about the informational believability of conspiracy theories about the damage. Of the information sources referred to in the discussion, the posts submitted by fellow participants, television programmes and statements provided by governmental organizations were judged most critically, due to implausible argumentation and advocacy of biased views.Research limitations/implicationsAs the study focuses on a sample of posts dealing with conspiracy theories about a particular event, the findings cannot be generalized to concern the informational credibility conspiracy narratives.Originality/valueThe study pioneers by providing an in-depth analysis of the nature of credibility assessments by focussing on information constitutive of conspiracy theories.
Addressing soft skill gaps in the digital employment market: the case of Spanish students in a technology-based university
Authors: Ramos-Monge Elva , Fox Paul , Garcia-Piquer Alvaro 
Published: October 2023

PurposeIn today's ever-evolving digital job market, soft skills are increasingly important for university students to succeed in their future careers. This study identifies the soft skills that universities should prioritize the most due to their significance in the digital employment market.Design/methodology/approachUsing natural language processing (NLP) techniques, this study analyzed 226 student writings that described their experiences of failure in academic, personal and professional settings. Zero-shot classification was utilized to identify the presence of soft skills and sentiment analysis was used to determine the expressed sentiment toward these skills.FindingsThe findings suggest that students are most deficient in social intelligence, stress management and self-intelligence skills, which are essential soft skills for success in academic and professional environments and for the transition to the digital employment market.Research limitations/implicationsThe article acknowledges limitations related to the writing proficiency of resumes from a few non-English speaking students and the potential influence of students' emotional states on the content of their writings.Practical implicationsThe study provides valuable insights into the soft skills that are mostly lacking among university students and their significance in the digital employment market.Originality/valueThe study highlights the importance of universities in promoting and practicing essential soft skills and sheds light on the issue of soft skill deficiency among university students. Educators can use these insights to develop strategic proposals aimed at promoting the acquisition of key soft skills among students. The study provides valuable insights into the soft skills that are mostly lacking among university students and their significance in the digital employment market.
The role of employee loyalty in online reputation: evidence from tourism and hospitality sector
Authors: Yao Yanbo , Han Tian-Yu , Bi Jian-Wu 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
Online employee reviews have a substantial impact on employee recruitment, retention and the overall perception of a company’s image, making them a crucial element of its online reputation. Consequently, these reviews play a vital role in shaping the company’s competitiveness in the talent market. This study aims to investigate the role of employee loyalty in online reputation in the tourism and hospitality sector.

Design/methodology/approach
This study collected online reviews posted by 334,428 employees across 173 companies in the tourism and hospitality sector. Then, this study proposed a method for measuring employee loyalty toward the company through text comments. Furthermore, the role of employee loyalty in online reputation through regression models was analyzed.

Findings
Employee loyalty is positively associated with the closed-form evaluations, and the length and readability of open-ended comments is directly and positively associated with review helpfulness and is indirectly associated with review helpfulness through employee online reviews. Employees’ perception of job instability has a significant moderating effect on the above relationships.

Research limitations/implications
This study contributes to the literature on loyalty in the tourism and hospitality industry, online reputation and employee risk perception. These findings offer a more profound understanding of the extra-role behaviors demonstrated by loyal employees, provide a theoretical foundation for the formation of a company’s online reputation and contribute to helping the tourism and service industry better address risk events. These conclusions provide valuable insights for companies in the fields of human resource management and online reputation management.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to reveal the impact of employee loyalty on the company’s online reputation and provides important theoretical and practical implications for management.
Opening the black box of capabilities to renew the organizational and business know-how of franchises
Authors: Burlaud Alexandra , Simon Fanny 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between capabilities and renewal of organizational and business know-how in franchise networks.

Design/methodology/approach
This work uses a comparative case study of adaptive, absorptive and innovative capabilities to investigate knowledge renewal in 16 franchise networks.

Findings
The findings show that adaptive and innovative capabilities complement each other to foster know-how renewal. Furthermore, networks without internal R&D need to mobilize adaptive, absorptive and innovative capabilities to renew both organizational and business know-how. The findings also highlight that the three capabilities are interconnected.

Research limitations/implications
The results of this research could provide insights for franchise networks to regenerate their knowledge base and ensure their long-term survival.

Originality/value
The underlying capabilities that explain organizational and business know-how renewal in franchises have not been investigated.
Physical and social isolation in various places of work
Authors: Aidla Anne , Poltimäe Helen , Rõigas Kärt , Kindsiko Eneli , Metsmaa Els Maria 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyse perceived physical and social isolation and how they are linked in various places of work.

Design/methodology/approach
A nationwide study was conducted involving 3,352 Estonian office workers in spring 2021. Physical isolation was measured in terms of what proportion of time a person works away from co-workers (0%, 1%–25%, 26%–50%, 51%–75%, more than 75%). Social isolation diverged into two factors: lack of contacts and lack of meaningful connections. The different places of work the authors considered in the study included working from home with and without a dedicated room and different types of offices (private office, shared-cell office, activity-based office and open-plan offices of various sizes).

Findings
The results show that the negative consequences of physical isolation in the form of perceiving social isolation start to show when a person works 51% of the time or more away from others. However, the authors revealed the dual nature of social isolation in that when a person experiences a lack of contacts, the connections they do have with their colleagues are actually more meaningful.

Originality/value
The originality of the study comes from the fact that the authors uncovered the paradoxical nature of social isolation. This reveals itself in various places of work depending on the conditions at home and the type of office. Therefore, the authors move away from the simplified distinction of home vs office and take into account the level of physical isolation (what amount of time a person actually works away from colleagues).
Is the success of working from home a matter of configuration? – a comparison between the USA and Germany using PLS-SEM
Authors: Voll Kyra , Pfnür Andreas 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
The world of work is constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced working from home, and there is an increasing demand for flexibility regarding the workplace. There is little empirical evidence on the mechanisms and factors that influence employee outcomes, such as productivity and turnover intention, at the workplace and at home. In addition, it is unclear whether the workplace characteristics that influence employee outcomes vary between different nations due to country-specific circumstances. The paper aims to address these two issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The research model applied in this study is based on the job demands-resources (JD-R) and environmental demands-resources models using German (n = 429) and USA (n = 507) survey samples. Partial least squares structural equation modelling is used to analyse the influence of workplace characteristics (isolation, family–work interference, equipment/facilities and skill variety) on employee outcomes (satisfaction, burnout, productivity and turnover intention). Additionally, a multi-group analysis is used to explore group differences in the factors influencing satisfaction, burnout, productivity and turnover intention between employees in Germany and the USA.

Findings
The results reveal that significant determinants of productivity and turnover intention include isolation, family–work interference, equipment/facilities and skill variety. Isolation and equipment/facilities are identified as the most important demands and resources of the home workplace. Some significant differences are found between Germany and the USA. The positive effect of isolation on burnout is significantly stronger in the USA than in Germany, whereas the positive effect of family–work inference on burnout is stronger in Germany than in the USA. The negative effects visible for the relations between burnout and satisfaction, and satisfaction and turnover intention are stronger in Germany than in the USA. The positive effect of burnout on turnover intention is stronger in the USA compared to Germany.

Originality/value
The study adds empirical evidence to the JD-R theory by analysing the influence of the home workplace characteristics on employee outcomes in different countries for the first time using a multi-group analysis. In addition, the study reveals new insights into the differences between the knowledge workforces in Germany and the USA by uncovering how key factors influence employee outcomes such as productivity and turnover intention, partially carried by varying length of experience in work from home between both of these countries. Insights from this study can support corporate real estate managers to make better decisions on the design of employees’ home workplaces and the integration of work from home into the company’s workspace concept.
Performance evaluation of commercial bank branches in dynamic competitive conditions: a network DEA model with serial and cross-shared resources
Authors: Shabani Pejman , Akbarpour Shirazi Mohsen 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate commercial bank branches' performance in dynamic and competitive conditions where decision-making units (DMUs) seek a greater proportion of shared resources as it happens in the real world. By introducing the concepts of cross-shared and serial-shared resources, the authors have emphasized the role of evaluation results of past periods on branches' total efficiency.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a new mixed-integer data envelopment analysis (MI-DEA) model has been proposed to evaluate the performance of a dynamic network in the presence of cross-shared and serial-shared resources.FindingsThe proposed model helps bank managers to find the source of inefficiencies and establish a connection between the results of the periodic performance of the DMUs and the distribution of serial and cross-shared resources. The results show that the weighting coefficients of the periods do not significantly affect the overall efficiency of commercial bank branches, unlike desirable and undesirable intermediates.Originality/valueThis paper presents the following factors: (1) A new mixed-integer network data envelopment analysis model is developed under dynamic competitive conditions. (2) For the first time in DEA models, the concept of cross-shared resources is proposed to consider shared resources between DMUs. (3) All controllable, uncontrollable, desirable and undesirable outputs in the model are considered with the possibility to transfer to the next periods. (4) A case study is given for the performance evaluation of 38 branches of an Iranian commercial bank from 2016 to 2020.
The impact of virtual reality and biological sex on the promotion of tourist destinations: effects on destination image, place attachment, and behavioural intention
Authors: Melo Miguel , Gonçalves Guilherme , Jorge Filipa , Losada Nieves , Barbosa Luís , Teixeira Mário Sérgio , Bessa Maximino 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to generate knowledge of the impact of different virtual reality (VR) set-ups in tourism promotion regarding destination image, place attachment and behavioural intention.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents a comparative study of the impact of different visualisation technologies (video, immersive VR and multisensory immersive VR) to promote tourism destinations. The study’s dependent variables are destination image, place attachment and behaviour intention.

Findings
Results show that VR content impacts these variables. Multisensory immersive VR is the preferred content type for destination promotion. It is also evidenced that female participants scored each variable higher than male participants. Males reported higher scores on the video set-up for destination image and place attachment. Behavioural intention reported higher values in the video when compared to immersive VR in both sexes.

Practical implications
This paper concludes that there is a preference towards multisensory set-ups, which suggests that incorporating audiovisual and sensory elements can significantly enhance the effectiveness of VR experiences in attracting and engaging potential tourists.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to the scarce body of knowledge regarding the impact of different VR factors on tourism promotion, including the multisensory VR component.