bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the clinical outcomes of patients with stage IA–IIA2 cervical adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma after radical hysterectomy: A propensity score‐matched real‐world analysis
Authors: Liang Cong , Su Guidong , Sun Lixin , Zhao Hongwei , Liu Ping , Chen Chunlin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the pathological findings and survival outcomes of patients with 2009 FIGO stage IA–IIA2 cervical cancer between groups with adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) using the Chinese Cervical Cancer Clinical (FOUR‐C) study database.MethodsPatients from 2004 to 2018 with cervical ADC and SCC who underwent radical hysterectomy were identified through the FOUR‐C database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to balance baseline clinicopathological characteristics. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic effect of ADC on the 5‐year overall survival (OS).ResultsWe identified 1611 (9.8%) patients with ADC and 14 894 (90.2%) patients with SCC. Compared with SCC, ADC was significantly associated with an increased risk of death (odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% CI 1.12–1.74) and disease progression (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.14–1.57). ADC had a greater propensity for lymph node metastasis, uterine corpus invasion, perineural invasion, and ovarian metastases than SCC (P < 0.05). After 1:2 PSM, significant differences were still observed between these two histology subtypes (OS: OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.10–1.86; DFS: OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.19–1.76). The subgroup analysis further showed a worse prognosis for patients with ADC than for patients with SCC among patients with any of the high‐ or intermediate‐ risk factors (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.21–2.12), but no significant differences were observed for the patients with no risk factors (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.32–1.58).ConclusionADC is an independent prognostic factor for shorter survival in surgically treated patients with cervical cancer presenting intermediate‐ or high‐risk factors but does not affect survival outcomes in patients without any risk factors.
Cardiotocography use for fetal assessment during labor in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A scoping review
Authors: Takeshita Mai , Toyomoto Rie , Marui Kanae , Ito Masami , Eto Hiromi , Takehara Kenji , Matsui Mitsuaki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe use of cardiotocography (CTG) to improve neonatal outcomes is controversial. The medical settings, subjects, utilizations, and interpretation guidelines of CTG are unclear for low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs).ObjectivesTo assess and review CTG use for studies identified in LMICs and provide insights on the potential for effective use of CTG to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.Search StrategyThe databases Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched for published and unpublished literature through September 2023.Selection CriteriaPublications were identified which were conducted in LMICs, based on the World Bank list of economies for 2019; targeting pregnant women in childbirth; and focusing on the utilization of CTG and neonatal outcomes.Data Collection and AnalysisPublications were screened, and duplicates were removed. A scoping review was conducted using PRISMA‐ScR guidelines.ResultsThe searches generated 1157 hits, of which 67 studies were included in the review. In the studies there was considerable variation and ambiguity regarding the study settings, target populations, utilizations, timing, frequency, and duration of CTG. While cesarean section rates were extensively investigated as an outcome of studies of CTG itself and the effect of additional techniques on CTG, other clinically significant outcomes, including neonatal mortality, were not well reported.ConclusionsVariations and ambiguities were found in the use of CTG in LMICs. Due to the limited amount of evidence, studies are needed to examine CTG availability in the context of LMICs.
Infant carrying: Associations with parental reflective functioning, parental bonding and parental responses to infant crying
Authors: Firk Christine , Großheinrich Nicola 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInfant carrying may have beneficial effects on the parent‐infant relationship but only limited research has been conducted in this area. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to investigate whether infant carrying is associated with parental reflective functioning, parental bonding, and parental (emotional) and behavioral responses to infant crying, key elements within the parent‐infant relationship, promoting infant development. Parents reporting high levels (N = 389) of infant carrying (six times a week or daily) and parents reporting low levels (N = 128) of infant carrying (less than once a week or not at all) who participated in an online survey about the developing parent‐infant relationship in Germany were included in the present study. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess parental reflective functioning, parental bonding impairments, and emotional responses to infant crying. Further insensitive (non‐responsive and hostile) behaviors in response to infant crying were assessed. Parents with high levels of infant carrying showed better parental reflective functioning, lower parental bonding problems, less negative emotions, and less insensitive behaviors in response to infant crying.
Three‐dimensional transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis of interstitial ectopic pregnancy in a unicornuate uterus: A case report
Authors: Dong Yanhua , Zhang Hongbin , Jin Ke , Li Hezhou 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA rare case of unicornuate uterus with interstitial ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed using three‐dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (3D‐TVUS). The ultrasound revealed a “lancet‐shaped” endometrial corona, a gestational sac near the uterus base extending toward the uterine serosa, and visible interstitial lines. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery for a lesion in the right fallopian tube. 3D‐TVUS was crucial in precisely locating the gestational sac, aiding in effective treatment. Interstitial ectopic pregnancies risk severe hemorrhaging upon rupture. Rapid, accurate diagnosis is vital for lifesaving treatment and preventing critical complications.
Integrated DNA methylation analysis reveals a potential role for PTPRN2 in Marfan syndrome scoliosis
Authors: Zheng Zhen‐zhong , Xu Jing‐hong , Chen Jia‐lin , Jiang Bin , Ma Hong , Li Lei , Li Ya‐wei , Dai Yu‐liang , Wang Bing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMarfan syndrome (MFS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the Fibrillin‐1 gene (FBN1) with significant clinical features in the skeletal, cardiopulmonary, and ocular systems. To gain deeper insights into the contribution of epigenetics in the variability of phenotypes observed in MFS, we undertook the first analysis of integrating DNA methylation and gene expression profiles in whole blood from MFS and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsThe Illumina 850K (EPIC) DNA methylation array was used to detect DNA methylation changes on peripheral blood samples of seven patients with MFS and five HCs. Associations between methylation levels and clinical features of MFS were analyzed. Subsequently, we conducted an integrated analysis of the outcomes of the transcriptome data to analyze the correlation between differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and explore the potential role of methylation‐regulated DEGs (MeDEGs) in MFS scoliosis. The weighted gene co‐expression network analysis was used to find gene modules with the highest correlation coefficient with target MeDEGs to annotate their functions in MFS.ResultsOur study identified 1253 DMPs annotated to 236 genes that were primarily associated with scoliosis, cardiomyopathy, and vital capacity. These conditions are typically associated with reduced lifespan in untreated MFS. We calculated correlations between DMPs and clinical features, such as cobb angle to evaluate scoliosis and FEV1% to assess pulmonary function. Notably, cg20223687 (PTPRN2) exhibited a positive correlation with cobb angle of scoliosis, potentially playing a role in ERKs inactivation.ConclusionsTaken together, our systems‐level approach sheds light on the contribution of epigenetics to MFS and offers a plausible explanation for the complex phenotypes that are linked to reduced lifespan in untreated MFS patients.
Narrow‐linewidth injection‐locked Ho:YAG laser by using thulium‐doped fiber laser as pumping source
Authors: Wang Yunpeng , Yan Dong , Meng Xianghao , Zhang Dongming , Dai Tongyu , Ju Youlun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe demonstrated a narrow‐linewidth Ho:yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) injection‐locked laser by using a 1908 nm thulium‐doped fiber laser as a pumping source to generate 2.09 μm single‐frequency pulses. A compact single‐longitudinal‐mode nonplanar ring oscillator (NPRO) based on Ho:YAG material with a beam quality factor of 1.01 at the central wavelength of 2090.91 nm was considered as the seed source. In the experiment, the pulse energy of 3.6 mJ with a pulse width of 161.6 ns from single‐frequency Ho laser was achieved at a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 100 Hz. The linewidth of the single‐frequency pulse spectrum monitored through the heterodyne method was approximately 1.9 MHz at the lowest Ho laser energy.
Efficient and fast screening and separation based on computer‐aided screening and complex chromatography methods for lipoxygenase inhibitors from Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Nong Yuyu , Zhou Xu , Li Sainan , Liu Qiang , Zhang Yutong , Liang Jiaqi , Zhang Yuchi , Liu Chunming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAccurate screening and targeted preparative isolation of active substances from natural medicines have long been technical challenges in natural medicine research.ObjectivesThis study outlines a new approach for improving the efficiency of natural product preparation, focusing on the rapid and accurate screening of potential active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum and efficient preparation of lipoxidase inhibitors, with the aim of providing new ideas for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with G. lucidum.MethodsThe medicinal plant G. lucidum was selected through ultrafiltration coupled with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UF–LC–MS) and computer‐assisted screening for lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors. In addition, the inhibitory effect of the active compounds on LOX was studied using enzymatic reaction kinetics, and the underlying mechanism is discussed. Finally, based on the earlier activity screening guidelines, the identified ligands were isolated and purified through complex chromatography (high‐speed countercurrent chromatography and semi‐preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography).ResultsFive active ingredients, ganoderic acids A, B, C2, D2, and F, were identified and isolated from G. lucidum. We improved the efficiency and purity of active compound preparation using virtual computer screening and enzyme inhibition assays combined with complex chromatography.ConclusionThe innovative methods of UF–LC–MS, computer‐aided screening, and complex chromatography provide powerful tools for screening and separating LOX inhibitors from complex matrices and provide a favourable platform for the large‐scale production of bioactive substances and nutrients.
Prescribing trends of proton pump inhibitors and histamine blockers among children in the United Kingdom (1998–2019): A population‐based assessment
Authors: Masarwa Reem , Reynier Pauline , Lefebvre Claire , Platt Robert W. , Delaney Joseph A. C. , Filion Kristian B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo describe the prescribing trends of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) among children with gastroesophageal reflux in the United Kingdom between 1998 and 2019.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based retrospective cohort study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink that included all children aged ≤18 years with a first ever diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux between 1998 and 2019. Using negative binomial regression, we estimated crude and adjusted annual prescription rates per 1000 person‐years and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PPIs and H2RAs. We also assessed rate ratios of PPIs and H2RAs prescription rates to examine changes in prescribing over time.ResultsOur cohort included 177 477 children with a first ever diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux during the study period. The median age was 13 years (IQR: 1, 17) among children prescribed PPIs and 0.2 years (IQR: 0.1, 0.6) among those prescribed H2RAs. The total prescription rate of all GERD drugs was 1468 prescriptions per 1000 person‐years (PYs) (95% CI 1463–1472). Overall, PPIs had a higher prescription rate (815 per 1000 PYs, 95% CI 812–818) than H2RAs (653 per 1000 PYs 95% CI 650–655). Sex‐ and age‐adjusted rate ratios of 2019 versus 1998 demonstrated a 10% increase and a 76% decrease in the prescription rates of PPIs and H2RAs, respectively.ConclusionsPrescription rates for PPIs increased, especially during the first half of the study period, while prescription rates for H2RA decreased over time.
Plasma polymerization of isopentyl nitrite at atmospheric pressure: Gas phase analysis and surface chemistry
Authors: Wang Yong , Robson Alexander J. , Simon Stephane , Short Robert D. , Bradley James W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNitric oxide (NO)‐releasing coatings have promising potential for biomedical applications notably in implant safety and wound dressing by promoting healing and reducing bacterial growth. Yet, the production of NO‐films remains difficult through classic approaches. In this study, plasma polymerized NO‐coatings are produced using a helium‐isopentyl nitrite mixture under two power settings and deposited on aluminum samples. Analyses of the plasma phase by mass spectroscopy reveal the presence of nitrosoxy groups (O–N═O) in monomer and quasi‐monomer at low power, and a higher fragmentation rate at high power. Static and no‐static samples are made and analyzed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showing the presence of these group for both power conditions, with a better retention on the sample's center for the latest.
Insensitive high explosives: VI. experimental determination of the chemical compatibility of nitroguanidine with seven high explosives**
Authors: Bohn Manfred A. , Heil Moritz , Pontius Heike , Koch Ernst‐Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo compatibility test types based on gas generation obtained by vacuum stability test (VST) procedure and on heat generation obtained by heat flow microcalorimetry (HFMC) show that nitroguanidine (NGu), CAS‐No. [556‐88‐7], is compatible with ammonium nitrate (AN), CAS‐No. [6484‐52‐2], ammonium dinitramide (ADN), CAS‐No. [140456‐78‐6], 1,1‐diamino‐dinitroethylene (FOX‐7, DADNE), CAS‐No. [145250‐81‐3], N‐guanylurea dinitramide (FOX‐12, GUDN, carbamoylguanidinium dinitramide), CAS‐No. [217464‐38‐5], hexogen (RDX), CAS‐No. [121‐82‐4], octogen (HMX), CAS‐No. [2691‐41‐0], and trinitrotoluene (TNT), CAS‐No. [118‐96‐7]. The evaluations with gas generation and heat generation were done using the so‐called corresponding reactivity quantities RV and RQ, but the assessment criteria are in accordance with the present NATO standards. NGu and ADN show the rare case of reactivity with a negative assessment quantity, that is their inter‐component reactivity quantities show negative values in RV and RQ. The evolved gas volume and the produced heat generation of the 1 : 1 mixture have lower values than the formally calculated values of the mixture. The root cause of this cannot be deduced with mere compatibility testing. A negative assessment quantity RQ is also observed with NGu and TNT at 80 °C, but not at 70 °C.
Decreased hepatic enzymes reflect the decreased vitamin B6 levels in Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Ikenaka Kensuke , Kajiyama Yuta , Aguirre César , Choong Chi‐Jing , Taniguchi Seira , Doi Junko , Wang Nan , Ajiki Takahiro , Ogawa Kotaro , Kakuda Keita , Kimura Yasuyoshi , Mochizuki Hideki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe study aims to investigate the vitamin B6 levels in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and their association with liver enzymes and evaluate how much dysregulation is associated with levodopa dose. Furthermore, to evaluate the effect of Opicapone, a catechol‐o‐methyl‐transferase inhibitor, on vitamin B6 levels by monitoring the AST and ALT levels in patients treated with Levodopa–Carbidopa Intestinal Gel Infusion (LCIG). For these aims, serum vitamin B6 levels were measured (PD, n = 72 and controls, n = 31). The vitamin B6 level was compared with the total levodopa dose, clinical parameters, and blood homocysteine, albumin, and hemoglobin levels in PD patients. Correlations between vitamin B6 levels and AST and ALT levels, as well as the ratio ALT/AST, were analyzed. Changes in the AST and ALT levels and ALT/AST were analyzed in the patients treated with LCIG before and after the therapy (n = 24) and in the patients treated with LCIG + Opicapone before and after Opicapone treatment (n = 12). We found vitamin B6 levels were significantly lower in PD patients. Total levodopa dose and albumin levels were independently associated with vitamin B6 levels. Decreased vitamin B6 levels appeared as lower AST and ALT levels and ALT/AS. Treatment with LCIG decreased the AST and ALT levels and ALT/AST. Adjunctive therapy with Opicapone to LCIG ameliorated the decreased ALT and ALT/AST. We conclude that the ALT and ALT/AST can be useful parameters for monitoring vitamin B6 levels and Opicapone can ameliorate the dysregulated vitamin B6 in PD patients.
Evaluation of the drug–drug interaction potential of brigatinib using a physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic modeling approach
Authors: Hanley Michael J. , Yeo Karen Rowland , Tugnait Meera , Iwasaki Shinji , Narasimhan Narayana , Zhang Pingkuan , Venkatakrishnan Karthik , Gupta Neeraj 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBrigatinib is an oral anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor approved for the treatment of ALK‐positive metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer. In vitro studies indicated that brigatinib is primarily metabolized by CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 and inhibits P‐gp, BCRP, OCT1, MATE1, and MATE2K. Clinical drug–drug interaction (DDI) studies with the strong CYP3A inhibitor itraconazole or the strong CYP3A inducer rifampin demonstrated that CYP3A‐mediated metabolism was the primary contributor to overall brigatinib clearance in humans. A physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for brigatinib was developed to predict potential DDIs, including the effect of moderate CYP3A inhibitors or inducers on brigatinib pharmacokinetics (PK) and the effect of brigatinib on the PK of transporter substrates. The developed model was able to predict clinical DDIs with itraconazole (area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity [AUC∞] ratio [with/without itraconazole]: predicted 1.86; observed 2.01) and rifampin (AUC∞ ratio [with/without rifampin]: predicted 0.16; observed 0.20). Simulations using the developed model predicted that moderate CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., verapamil and diltiazem) may increase brigatinib AUC∞ by ~40%, whereas moderate CYP3A inducers (e.g., efavirenz) may decrease brigatinib AUC∞ by ~50%. Simulations of potential transporter‐mediated DDIs predicted that brigatinib may increase systemic exposures (AUC∞) of P‐gp substrates (e.g., digoxin and dabigatran) by 15%–43% and MATE1 substrates (e.g., metformin) by up to 29%; however, negligible effects were predicted on BCRP‐mediated efflux and OCT1‐mediated uptake. The PBPK analysis results informed dosing recommendations for patients receiving moderate CYP3A inhibitors (40% brigatinib dose reduction) or inducers (up to 100% increase in brigatinib dose) during treatment, as reflected in the brigatinib prescribing information.
Determinants of cesarean mode of childbirth among Rwandan women of childbearing age: Evidence from the 2019–2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS)
Authors: Etienne Nsereko , Aline Uwase , Ornella Mpinganzima , Henriette Usanzineza , Pierre Niyitegeka Jean , Léonard Turabayo Jean , Josee Mwiseneza Marie , Candide Mugeni Girimpundu , Patricia Moreland 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundRwanda has made progress in reducing maternal mortality, with rates decreasing by three‐quarters between 1990 and 2015, in part due to increased access to cesarean delivery (CD). However, the prevalence of CD is also increasing for reasons other than clinical indications. Rwanda's 15% CD delivery rate is higher than World Health Organization guidelines, sparking debate about optimal CD use and potential negative outcomes in child and maternal health. This study aimed to identify the key clinical and nonclinical factors relating to CD in Rwanda.MethodsA secondary data analysis of the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (2019–2020) was performed, using the outcome variable of vaginal birth versus CD in women who had delivered in the survey period and for 5 years preceding. We used logistic regression modeling to identify the explanatory sociodemographic, economic, and obstetric characteristics associated with CD.ResultsMore than half of participants were between 20‐ and 34‐year old, 65.2% had completed primary school at least, 79.0% lived in rural areas, and 81.2% had health insurance. Fifteen percent of participants had given birth by CD in the preceding 5 years. CD was independently associated with higher levels of education, religion, higher socioeconomic status, perceived financial constraints, and giving birth in a private health facility. Obstetric predictors for CD included twin pregnancy, male infancy, and primiparity.ConclusionResults suggest that indications for CD should be monitored and the birthing preferences of women further evaluated, with guidelines implemented to inform decision‐making around CD.
A modified laser ablation‐isotope ratio mass spectrometry method for in situ analysis of sulfur isotope composition of sulfides
Authors: Guo Dongwei , Fan Changfu , Hu Bin , Li Yanhe , Wu Xiaopei , Sun Pengcheng , Hou Kejun , Wang Qian 
Published: January 2024

RationaleA novel laser ablation‐isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LA‐IRMS) method for in situ analysis of sulfur isotopes in sulfides has been developed. Instead of the in situ reaction applied by the traditional laser microprobe, the analyte gas preparation in this method is separated temporally and spatially from the LA, resulting in improved precision and accuracy.MethodsOur LA‐IRMS system combines an ultraviolet LA system, an elemental analyzer (EA), a custom‐built cryogenic concentration system, a continuous‐flow interface, and an IRMS. The sulfide aerosol particles generated from LA were transferred by a helium carrier gas from the ablation cell into the reaction tube and were then converted into SO2. Subsequently, SO2 was enriched in two cold traps and was finally introduced into the ion source of the IRMS through the continuous‐flow interface.ResultsWe measured three synthetic and four natural sulfide reference materials to test the performance of this method. Precisions of ±0.25‰–±0.48‰ and ±0.32‰–±0.64‰ (1SD, n = 5) for δ34S values of synthetic and natural sulfide standards can be obtained for spot sizes ranging from 64 to 80 μm. Measured values and their recommended values showed a good linear relationship (R2 within 0.998 and 0.9995) with the slope of approaching unity (within 1.0509 and 1.1313).ConclusionsData from the measurement of reference materials showed that the precision and accuracy of our method were satisfactory. This method is a powerful tool for in situ sulfur isotope measurement of sulfides and can be further applied to in situ carbon and oxygen isotope analyses.