bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A VR‐based wiring learning platform for promoting practice experience of electrical engineering
Authors: Xu Hongfei , Zheng YuanYu , Liang Jeremy S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe training room of electrical engineering plays an important role in implementing learners' theoretical electrical knowledge and enhancing their operational skills. When operating in an electrical training room, learners often configure complex equipment with a set of multiple wires, components, and tools, and then debug them to ensure normal operation. It requires a large amount of practice to acquire the skills to configure the devices, and it is hard for learners to configure the device without any experience. Furthermore, it is also difficult to have hands‐on practice when there is not enough physical equipment on site or learners cannot be there in person. By applying virtual reality technology, it is possible to offer a greater learning experience for the learners. A VR‐based wiring learning platform (VWLP), in this study, is proposed, which targets at offering a resource of assisted learning regarding the electrical equipment. The result of the study reveals that the VWLP constructed in this research can promote learning effectiveness in electrical engineering, especially in the area of wiring skills, and the blended learning mode (a mix of both conventional instructor‐led practice activities and VR‐based learning platform) enhances the learning effect. Besides this, the result shows that VWLP has a significantly positive effect regarding participants' learning cognition and motivation. By communicating with the virtual objects in the VR environment, the participants can demonstrate a promoted comprehension of the training equipment. Meanwhile, participants in the experimental team also perceive an increase in their learning confidence due to increased practice opportunities, which in turn reduces cognitive load.
Apalutamide for prostate cancer: Multicentre and multidisciplinary real‐world study of 227 patients
Authors: Sánchez Julián Córdoba , Picola Natalia , Rodriguez‐Vida Alejo , Costa Marc , Castañeda David Marmolejo , Márquez Meritxell Pérez , Rodriguez Jesús Muñoz , Gaya J. M. , Bravo Alejandra , Buisan Oscar , Servian Pol , Suarez Jose Francisco , Felip Mireia Musquera , Caparrós Maria Jose Ribal , Asensio Antonio Alcaraz , Vilaseca Antoni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of apalutamide prostate cancer compared to the pivotal trials patients and to identify the first subsequent therapy in a real‐world setting.MethodsThe study is prospective and observational based on real‐world evidence, performed by different medical disciplines and eight academics centres around Barcelona, Spain. It included all patients with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) and high‐risk non‐metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) treated with apalutamide from June 2018 to December 2022.ResultsOf 227 patients treated with apalutamide, 10% had ECOG‐PS 2, and 41% were diagnosed with new‐generation imaging. In the mHSPC group (209 patients), 75 years was the median age, 53% had synchronous metastases, and 22% were M1a. In the nmCRPC (18 patients), 82 years was the median age, and 81% ≤6 months had PSA doubling time. Patients achieved PSA90 in 92% of mHSPC and 50% of nmCRPC and PSA ≤0.2 in 71% of mHSPC and 39% of nmCRPC. Treatment‐related adverse events occurred in 40.1% of mHSPC and 44.4% of nmCRPC. After discontinuation of apalutamide due to disease progression, 54.5% in mHSPC and 75% in nmCRPC started chemotherapy, while after discontinuation because of adverse events, 73.3% in mHSPC and 100% in nmCRPC continued with other hormonal‐therapies.ConclusionsThe efficacy and safety of apalutamide were similar to that described in the pivotal trials, despite including an older and more comorbid population. Usually, subsequent therapies after apalutamide differed depending on the reason for discontinuation: by disease progression started chemotherapy and by adverse events hormonal sequencing.
Determination of Two Wound Healing Components in Streptocaulon juventas (Lour.) Merr.: Periplogenin and Digitoxigenin
Authors: Li Yang , Feng Xinchi , Qiu Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStreptocaulon juventas (Lour.) Merr. (SJ) is a herbal medicine can promote wound healing. Cardiac glycosides, especially periplogenin, digitoxigenin, and their glycosides were the main constituents of SJ. We aim to establish a method for the simultaneous determination of periplogenin and digitoxigenin in SJ and evaluate the wound healing activities of these two components. UPLC‐QqQ‐MS/MS was used for the determination of periplogenin and digitoxigenin. Meanwhile, rats were subjected to full‐thickness skin resection on the back to investigate the wound healing effects of periplogenin and digitoxigenin. The content of periplogenin and digitoxigenin in 13 batches of SJ extracts ranged from 43.26 to 97.15 μg/g and 18.04 to 55.55 μg/g, respectively. Periplogenin and digitoxigenin significantly increased the rate of wound healing in rats, increased the content of hydroxyproline in wound tissue, and improved the pathological state of wound skin tissue.
Recent Advances in Hydrogen Production from Hybrid Water Electrolysis through Alternative Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Fan Li , Wang Di , Ma Kui , Zhou Chang‐An , Yue Hairong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWater splitting driven by green electricity from renewable energy input to produce H2 has been widely considered as a promising strategy to realize the goals for future clean energy. However, in conventional overall water electrolysis, the sluggish kinetics and high onset potential of anode OER limit the cathode HER rate, which lowers the overall energy conversion efficiency. Over the past decade, an innovative concept involving hybrid water electrolysis by replacing OER with thermodynamically more favorable oxidation reactions coupling with the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction has been devised to alleviate the limitations associated with the anodic OER. In this review, we summarize the recent progress concerning electrochemical hydrogen production by coupling the oxidation of molecules incorporating hydroxyl, aldehyde, and amino functional groups, with special emphasis on alternative reactions involving CO and sulfide. Finally, the remaining challenges and future perspectives are also discussed. We hope this review will accelerate the development of novel strategies for practicable H2 production from hybrid water electrolysis.
Sichere Lagerung von Lithium‐Ionen‐Batterien
Authors: Sievers Sven 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLithium und viele seiner Verbindungen sind leichtentzündlich und hochreaktiv. Daher sind die Sicherheitsanforderungen beim Lagern und Laden von Lithium‐Ionen‐Akkus hoch. Der Ion‐Line Ultra Sicherheitsschrank ist GS‐geprüft und bietet Sicherheit beim Lagern und Laden der Batterien.
Chemiepumpen als Schlüssel zu mehr Prozesssicherheit
Authors: Anstöter Stefan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAngesichts der eingesetzten Substanzen, der Komplexität der Verfahren sowie der potenziellen Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt spielt die Prozesssicherheit in der Chemieindustrie eine so maßgebliche Roll. Besonders im Bereich der Pumpen ist Ausfallsicherheit essenziell. Pumpen fungieren als Schlüsselkomponente chemischer Prozesse und sorgen für Sicherheit der gesamten Anlage.
ChemCar‐Pokal 2023 des VDI geht nach Berlin
Authors: Woppowa Ljuba 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDen ersten Platz beim diesjährigen ChemCar‐Wettbewerb sicherte sich das Team der TU Berlin, mit ihrem ChemCar “Ronny V5”, gefolgt vom Team “Reactics” der Universitas Gadjah Mada aus Indonesien und dem Team “DOppertunity” der TU Dortmund auf den Plätzen zwei und drei.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Defluorinative Arylation of gem‐Difluorinated Cyclopropanes
Authors: Qi Shutao , Hua Yunkai , Pan Liangkai , Yang Junfeng , Zhang Junliang 
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive SummaryHerein, we report nickel‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of gem‐difluorinated cyclopropanes with boronic acids, providing the corresponding arylated 2‐fluoroallylic scaffolds. This approach used commercially available phosphine ligand Xantphos to obtain monofluorinated alkenes with high regioselectivity and Z‐stereoselectivity. Mechanistic studies proposed a Ni(II)‐fluoroallyl pathway and excluded the radical pathway. Meanwhile, DFT study of the reductive elimination clarified the origin of the high linear selectivity.
Design, Synthesis, and Bioactivity Evaluations of 3‐Methylenechroman‐2‐one Derivatives as Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR) Inhibitors
Authors: Nikitjuka Anna , Ozola Melita , Krims‐Davis Kristaps , Žalubovskis Raivis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe aimed to design and synthesize 3‐methylenechroman‐2‐one derivatives and test their potency as TrxR1 inhibitors. A convenient and easy‐to‐handle synthetic approach to 3‐methylenechroman‐2‐ones was developed. The in vitro inhibitory activity towards recombinant TrxR1 was determined for the obtained compounds. The most potent representatives exhibited submicromolar TrxR1 inhibition activity (IC50 varied from 0.29 μM to 10.2 μM). Structure‐activity relationship analysis indicates the beneficial role of the substituent at the position C‐6 of the core of chroman‐2‐one, where the derivatives containing halogen are the most active among the scope of compounds obtained. The most potent TrxR1 inhibitor of the series was further examined in in vitro cell‐based assays to assess cytotoxic effects on various cancer cell lines, and to evaluate their influence on cell apoptosis.
The association between food access and frailty among older adults with gastrointestinal malignancies—The CARE Registry
Authors: Fowler Mackenzie E. , Harmon Christian , Sharafeldin Noha , Baker Elizabeth , Oates Gabriela , Nassel Ariann , Clausing Daniel , Giri Smith , Williams Grant R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundFood access is associated with higher gastrointestinal (GI) cancer mortality; however, its association with frailty, which is a predictor of premature mortality among older adults with cancer, is less understood.MethodsThe authors included 880 adults aged 60 years and older who were recently diagnosed with GI cancers and were undergoing self‐reported geriatric assessment at their first prechemotherapy visit to the University of Alabama at Birmingham oncology clinic. Food access was measured using the 2019 US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service designation low‐income, low‐access (LILA), classifying census tracts based on income and/or access to food stores at various distances. The primary outcome was frailty on the CARE (Cancer and Aging Resilience Evaluation) Frailty Index, a composite of the proportion of impaired geriatric assessment measures. The authors examined the LILA‐frailty association with modified Poisson regression accounting for census‐tract clustering.ResultsThe median patient age was 69 years, 58.1% were men, 22.5% were non‐Hispanic Black, 29.2% had colorectal cancer, 28.0% had pancreatic cancer, 70.1% presented with stage III/IV disease, and 34.9% were frail. A higher proportion in LILA areas were non‐Hispanic Black (44.1% vs. 10.8%; p < .001) and had less education (high school or less: 48.1% vs. 37.9%; p = .020). Adjusting for age, race and ethnicity, sex, cancer type and stage, and education, an LILA designation was associated with 58% greater odds of worsening frailty status (95% confidence interval, 1.18–2.12). An analysis of LILA subcategories revealed that associations were maintained across all LILA measures.ConclusionsPoor food access was associated with a greater risk of frailty among newly diagnosed older adults with GI cancers before they received systemic treatment. Intervening on local food access, particularly in LILA areas, may be a target for improving rates of frailty and promoting health equity in this population.
Esculetin unveiled: Decoding its anti‐tumor potential through molecular mechanisms—A comprehensive review
Authors: Rezoan Hossain Md. , Zahra Shova Fatema Tuj , Akter Munni , Shuvo Shahporan , Ahmed Nasim , Akter Afroza , Haque Munira , Salma Umme , Roman Mogal Md , Saha Hasi Rani , Sarkar Bidhan Chandra , Sohel Md 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe growing complexity of cancer has made it a significant concern in the medical community. Although cancer research has advanced, it is still challenging to create new effective medications due to the limitations and side effects of existing treatment strategies. These are enforcing the development of some alternative drugs from natural compounds with fewer drawbacks and side effects.AimTherefore, this review aims to provide up‐to‐date, crucial, and all‐encompassing data on esculetin's anticancer activity, including all relevant molecular and cellular processes based on in vivo and in vitro investigations.ResultsAccording to the literature review, esculetin is available in nature and is effective against 16 different types of cancer. The general mechanism shown by esculetin is modulating signaling cascades and its related pathways, like cell proliferation, cell growth, autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis, invasion, and DNA damage. Nanoformulation of esculetin improves this natural product's efficacy by improving water solubility. Esculetin's synergistic effects with both natural substances and conventional treatments have been shown, and this method aids in reversing resistance mechanisms by modulating resistance‐related proteins. In addition, it has fewer side effects on humans than other phytochemicals and standard drugs with some good pharmacokinetic features.ConclusionTherefore, until standard chemotherapeutics are available in pharmaceutical markets, esculetin should be used as a therapeutic drug against various cancer types.
Circularly Polarized Luminescence Switching of Chiral Perylene Diimide‐Doped Nematic Liquid Crystal Using DC Electric Field
Authors: Suzuki Seika , Kaneko Kosuke , Hanasaki Tomonori , Shizuma Motohiro , Imai Yoshitane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo obtain chiral luminescent nematic liquid crystals (N*‐LCs), two sets of chiral perylene luminescent materials (R,R)/(S,S)‐N,N′‐bis(1‐cyclohexylethyl)perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic diimide [(R,R)/(S,S)‐CPDI] and (R,R)/(S,S)‐N,N′‐bis(1‐phenylethyl)perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic diimide [(R,R)/(S,S)‐BPP] were prepared and doped into a nematic liquid crystal (N‐LC), 5CB. The obtained liquid crystals N*‐LC‐CPDI and N*‐LC‐BPP emitted stronger circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals than the CPDI‐ and BPP‐containing chiral poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) luminescent films owing to higher helical twist power. When a direct current (DC) electric field was applied to N*‐LC, a reversible CPL response was obtained due to the field‐induced phase transition from the chiral nematic phase to the nematic phase. This demonstrated the successful construction of an ′′on‐off‐on′′ CPL system based on a DC electric field and was attributed to the change in the liquid crystalline organization from a uniformly lying helical structure to a planar one. This work can provide an effective strategy for the development of functional CPL devices in which the CPL can be regulated by applying a DC electric field to the N*‐LC.
Log D7.4 and plasma protein binding of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and a comparison of experimental and predicted lipophilicity
Authors: Brandon Andrew M. , Baginski Steven R. , Peet Caroline , Dugard Pat , Green Henrik , Sutcliffe Oliver B. , Daéid Niamh Nic , Nisbet Lorna A. , Read Kevin D. , McKenzie Craig 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe emergence of new synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) onto the illicit drugs market continues to cause harm, and the overall availability of physicochemical and pharmacokinetic data for new psychoactive substances is lacking. The lipophilicity of 23 SCRAs and the plasma protein binding (PPB) of 11 SCRAs was determined. Lipophilicity was determined using a validated chromatographic hydrophobicity index (CHI) log D method; tested SCRAs showed moderate to high lipophilicity, with experimental log D7.4 ranging from 2.48 (AB‐FUBINACA) to 4.95 (4F‐ABUTINACA). These results were also compared to in silico predictions generated using seven commercially available software packages and online tools (Canvas; ChemDraw; Gastroplus; MoKa; PreADMET; SwissADME; and XlogP). Licenced, dedicated software packages provided more accurate lipophilicity predictions than those which were free or had prediction as a secondary function; however, the latter still provided competitive estimates in most cases. PPB of tested SCRAs, as determined by equilibrium dialysis, was in the upper range of the lipophilicity scale, ranging from 90.8% (ADB‐BUTINACA) to 99.9% (BZO‐HEXOXIZID). The high PPB of these drugs may contribute to reduced rate of clearance and extended durations of pharmacological effects compared to lesser‐bound SCRAs. The presented data improve understanding of the behaviour of these drugs in the body. Ultimately, similar data and predictions may be used in the prediction of the structure and properties of drugs yet to emerge on the illicit market.
Research on damage failure mechanism and dynamic mechanical behavior of layered shale with different angles under confining pressure
Authors: Luo Ning , Zhang Haohao , Chai Yabo , Li Penglong , Zhai Cheng , Zhou Jianan , Ma Tianran 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe hydrostatic or confining pressure of deep rocks has a significant impact on the mechanical behavior of brittle materials. Especially when confining pressure is applied, the mechanical properties of rock materials will undergo significant changes. Considering that the process of shale sample subjected to impact load is in a closed container in the dynamic triaxial SHPB test, the failure process of the sample cannot be observed. Meanwhile, the activation volume of the shale sample would be large and local failure would occur in the test under the high strain rate loading. Therefore, the finite element model of shale considering the bedding effect under confining pressure was established in this study. Taking shale materials with different bedding dip angles as simulation objects, the dynamic failure characteristics of shale were studied using the dynamic analysis software ANSYS/LS‐DYNA from three aspects: stress‐strain curve, failure growth process, and failure morphology. The research results obtained can serve as the key technical parameters for deep resource extraction.
Spatiotemporal mapping of (ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine areas: Implications of economic and political realities in China
Authors: Li Heling , Tang Liang , Werner Tim T. , Hou Zhengmeng , Meng Fan , Li Jingjing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe spatiotemporal extension/expansion of mine areas is affected by multiple factors. So far, very little has been done to examine the interaction between mine areas and political or economic realities. The (ultra‐)mafic magmatic mines in China played a specific role in supporting national development and providing an ideal research subject for monitoring their interrelationship. In this study, remote sensing and mining‐related GIS data were used to identify and analyze 1233 (ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine area polygons in China, which covered approximately 322.96 km2of land and included a V–Ti–Fe mine, a copper–nickel mine, a chromite mine, an asbestos mine, and a diamond mine. It was found that (1) the areal expansion of mines is significantly related to the mine types, perimeter, topography, and population density. (2) The mine area variation also reflects market and policy realities. The temporal expansion of the mine area from 2010 to 2020 followed an S‐shaped pattern (with the turning point occurring in 2014), closely related to iron overcapacity and tightened mining policies. (3) The complexity (D) of the mine area may reflect mine design and excavation practices. To be specific, lowerDindicates early‐stage or artisanal/small‐scale mining, whereas higherDrepresents large‐scale mining. This study demonstrates that the detailed mapping of mine land can serve as an indicator to implement mining‐related market and policy changes. The (ultra‐)mafic mines area data set can be accessed athttps://zenodo.org/record/7636616#.Y-p0uXaZOa0.
MultiBarcodeTools: Easy selection of optimal primers for eDNA multi‐metabarcoding
Authors: Zhu Tao , Iwasaki Wataru 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetabarcoding of environmental DNA (eDNA) is a revolutionary technique for comprehensive and efficient monitoring of ecosystems, including invasive and endangered species. Although numerous universal primers have been developed for eDNA metabarcoding, no single primer can amplify and discriminate all species in any environment. Parallel metabarcoding using multiple primer sets, or multi‐metabarcoding, is expected to overcome this limitation; however, it is not easy to select optimal primers from dozens of existing primers considering various research purposes and sequence platform availabilities. Herein, we developed MultiBarcodeSelector, which automatically recommends the optimal combination of fish eDNA multi‐metabarcoding primers, and MultiBarcodeMap, which pre‐computes region‐specific optimal primers. Furthermore, for users who want to target non‐fish species, use original primers, and develop their own databases, we also provide a stand‐alone MultiBarcodePipeline. We show that multi‐metabarcoding substantially enhances the performance of eDNA community analysis. In our assessment that targeted fish species in various aquatic regions of Japan, an extra barcode suggested by the MultiBarcodeTools significantly reduced the proportion of undistinguishable species. Our MultiBarcodeTools will benefit various biodiversity research studies, including species detection, monitoring, conservation, and economic utilization. MultiBarcodeSelector and MultiBarcodeMap are available at https://multibarcode.k.u‐tokyo.ac.jp, and MultiBarcodePipeline is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10007568.
Hydrothermal liquefaction of Datura stramonium L.: Influence of temperature and heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: Genel Salih 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, Datura stramonium L. plant was converted into liquid products by hydrothermal liquefaction method with and without catalysts (Al, Zn, and Cu). The reaction temperature was determined as 300, 325, and 350°C, and the waiting time was determined as 30 min. The obtained liquid products were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and elemental analysis methods. Higher light bio‐oil and heavy bio‐oil yields were obtained with Al, Zn, and Cu catalysts compared to experiments without catalysts. The highest light bio‐oil yields were found as 10.24%, 8.87%, and 7.98% for Zn, Cu, and Al catalysts, respectively. In heavy bio‐oil, the highest efficiency was obtained as 26.98% in the presence of Al catalyst. For all experiments, the highest liquid product yield was obtained at 325 C. At the end of the experiments, it was determined that heterogeneous catalysts were effective on product yield and compound types.