bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in the numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections among students: a prospective cohort study comparing students in sports boarding schools with students in day schools during early COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Barsch Friedrich , Peters Vera , Morath Oliver , Krumnau Oliver , Maier Philipp , Huzly Daniela , Prettin Stephan , Deibert Peter 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionDuring the first months of the COVID pandemic it emerged that facilities where people gather or live together in cohorts, such as nursing homes or schools, were particularly at high risk for becoming hotspots of virus transmission. German political and health institutions responded with far-reaching interventions and preventive strategies to protect the population from infection with SARS-CoV-2. In this context, it remains unclear whether boarding schools for sports particularly pose a risk of infection to their residents.MethodsIn a single-center prospective cohort study, numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections of students in sports boarding schools (n = 11) vs. students attending regular day schools (n = 22) in the region Freiburg/Hochschwarzwald in Germany were investigated over a period from October 2020 to January 2021 via regular virus and antibody screening (German Clinical Trials Register; Study ID: DRKS00021909). In addition, individual and behavioral risk factors for infection were stratified via questionnaire, which provide an indication of cohort specific risk factors for infection and the success of the implementation of hygiene concepts, as well as other infection prevention strategies, within the respective facilities.ResultsRegarding SARS-CoV-2 infection numbers, the screening detected no significant group difference between sports boarding schools vs. day schools.DiscussionThe study results provide indications that sports boarding schools did not pose an increased risk of infection, assuming that the facilities prevent virus transmissions with appropriate preventive strategies and hygiene measures. In future pandemic scenarios larger-scale and multicenter studies are necessary to achieve more comprehensive epidemiological data in this field.
Seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in children: very early exposure in young children in a hyperendemic region
Authors: Capai Lisandru , Masse Shirley , Hozé Nathanaël , Decarreaux Dorine , Canarelli Jean , Simeoni Marie-Hélène , de Lamballerie Xavier , Falchi Alessandra , Charrel Rémi 
Published: November 2023

Background and objectivesHepatitis E virus (HEV) can be considered an emerging zoonotic pathogen and is an important cause of acute viral hepatitis in high-income countries. Corsica has been identified as a hyperendemic region for HEV. We aimed to characterize the prevalence of IgG among children and estimate the annual force of infection of HEV.MethodsFrom April 2020 to June 2021, we collected 856 “residual sera” in 13 medical biology laboratories. Sera were tested using the Wantaï HEV IgG assay. Data were weighted according to the distribution by sex and age of the real Corsican population. Serocatalytic models were applied to assess the annual force of infection of HEV.ResultsThe weighted seroprevalence was 30.33% [27.15–34.0]. The seroprevalence was only associated with increasing age (7.25–40.52%; p &lt; 0.001). The annual probability of infection was 5.4% for adults and children above 10-year-old and 2.2% for children under 10 yo.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that in the hyperendemic island of Corsica, (i) exposure of the population to HEV is homogeneous at the spatial level with no difference between genders; (ii) HEV exposure occurs from birth, resulting in 7.4% seropositivity at the age of 4 years; and (iii) super exposure is observed after the age of 9 years. Accordingly, specific studies should be conducted to determine the breadth of the situation identified in our study. The role of the environment and its contamination by domestic or wild swine excreta should be investigated using a One Health approach.
Shared decision making: audiology student perspectives
Authors: Hussain S. , Wilkes C. , Dhanda N. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionShared decision making is a concept in healthcare that actively involves patients in the management of their condition. The process of shared decision making is taught in clinical training programmes, including Audiology, where there are several options for the management of hearing loss. This study sought to explore the perception of Healthcare Science (Audiology) student views on shared decision making.MethodsTwelve students across all years of the BSc Healthcare Science degree took part in three semi-structured focus groups. Four students were work-based learners, and eight students were enrolled on the standard pathway. Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis.ResultsStudents’ definition and understanding of shared decision making was influenced by three key factors that were based on using a range of resources, implementation of a decision aid, and recognising Ida Institute as a pinnacle of shared decision making. Students also identified their roles as the future of healthcare workforce and the importance of disseminating best practice.ConclusionShared decision making is valued by students in their roles as healthcare trainees. This study data will enhance teaching practices for healthcare science students in audiology training. Future research involving patient views in clinical training is vital.
An Investigation of the Cognitive Awareness of Science Teacher Candidates on Sensors
Authors: Durkaya Figen 
Published: November 2023

The present study has been developed in order to inquire the cognitive awareness of the 2nd grade-level students of the Science Teaching program on “sensors”, which has an important place in the development of the robotic and automation systems. In the study, the method of case study, which is one of the qualitative research motifs, was used. As the data collection tool of the study, the semi-structured interview form composed of open-ended questions, which was prepared by the author of the study, was employed. A great majority of the students stated that sensors were devices sensing the physical changes in the environment in place of human beings. In addition, they also stated that sensors were used in today’s technology for the purposes of imaging, control and protection. It was determined within the scope of the study that, although the students knew about the types of sensors, they couldn’t realize the other sensors they encountered in their environment in their daily lives.
Mathematically Giftedness from the Perspectives of Preservice Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Arabacı Duygu , Danişman Şahin 
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to examine the views of preservice mathematics teachers (PMTs) on mathematically giftedness. Case study, one of the qualitative research design, was used and the study involved 25 sophomore mathematics teaching undergraduate students from Turkey. Data were collected with a semi-structured interview form with open-ended questions and analyzed with content analysis method. As a result of the analysis of the data three themes comprising of definitions of giftedness, characteristics of gifted students including sub-themes of cognitive, affective and social traits, and mathematically gifted students including sub-themes of cognitive and affective traits were emerged. As a result of the study it was determined that the majority of the participants thought that the gifted students have exceptional performance in intelligence or creativity in a spesific area. The cognitive traits of gifted students were favorably listed as being curious or asking questions, strong verbal skills, high performance compared to the peers, fast thinking and learning, creativity and abstract thinking. The affective traits mainly included sensitivity, sense of justice, impatience, sense of humour, intense interest/concentration, diligence and patience, responsibiltiy, curiosity, perfectionism and motivation. The social characteristics of gifted were emerged as preference to communicate with adults, enhanced social relationship (resulting in leadership), rarity in society and valued by society. On the other hand, characteristics of mathematically gifted students have been classified as cognitive and affective traits according to the views of PMTs. Cognitive traits of mathematically gifted students mostly composed of quick, unusual and multiple solutions to problems, analytical thinking, proficiency in mathematics, interest in numbers at an early age, and questioning. Affective characteristics of mathematically gifted students have been found to be introversion, peer disapproval, self-confidence, responding maturely, good sense of self-expression, sense of wonderment, and willingness to learn. As a result, most of the views of PMTs were found to be similar to the literature. Considering that the participants took elective course "Teaching Mathematics to Gifted Students", it can be stated that it is important to give lectures on giftedness to prospective teachers in their undergraduate education.
Musicogram Use by Preschool Teachers in Listening Activities
Authors: Türkoğlu Didem , Yaşar Münevver Can 
Published: November 2023

Limited and mostly superficial exposure to music experiences during childhood negatively affects various musical competencies that develop early on, such as auditory and perceptual skills, a sense of rhythm, and the ability to sing in harmony. High-quality music education in early childhood can only be achieved by incorporating meaningful and active music listening activities into teaching practices by teachers, creating learning environments aimed at enhancing musical skills in children. The learning needs, motivations, and preferences of teachers shape the musical practices in music education. The selection of techniques for implementation, preparation, or equipment deficiencies leads to a series of interrelated outcomes affecting teachers and children. With this aim, the research was conducted to gather the opinions of preschool teachers regarding the use of musicograms in their music activities and to identify the shortcomings in the appropriate use of musicograms for their intended purpose. The research employed a qualitative research method with a case study design. The study group consisted of 33 teachers working in preschools. Data was collected using the focus group technique, and the data collected were analyzed using content analysis. As a result of the research, it was determined that teachers mainly included song activities (singing and listening), rhythm activities, and, to a lesser extent, musical games (ront), and creative movement and dance activities within the framework of music activities. It has been found that most teachers do not know what “musicogram” means. Musicogram was defined as “musicomoviegram,” essentially a musical animation. Additionally, it was determined that teachers need in-service and post-service support, prefer music activities to be conducted by specialized music teachers, emphasize the use of music more as a conceptual tool than for its artistic content, face material and equipment shortages, and particularly lack theoretical and practical background in using musicograms in listening activities. Teachers were found not to include different types of music that reveal changes in musical features such as dynamics, meter, and tempo in their classrooms, and they did not express a need to include such music types.
Adaptation of Children in Kindergarten and Prevention of Repeated Respiratory Morbidity
Authors: Жукова Л.И. 
Published: November 2023

Статья посвящена вопросам адаптации ребенка в детском саду. Изложены основные проблемы психологической, физиологической, социальной и медицинской адаптации; отмечены факторы, оказывающие влияние на привыкание ребенка к детскому саду (возраст, состояние здоровья, уровень развития различных навыков, уровень коммуникабельности). Выделены прогностические признаки затруднения и признаки нарушения процессов адаптации к детскому коллективу. Уделено внимание фазам адаптации (острая, подострая, компенсация), степеням адаптации (легкая, средняя и тяжелая), а также этапам адаптации (трудности адаптации, постепенное привыкание и полное завершение адаптации). Отмечена одна из проблем адаптации в детском саду – повторная респираторная заболеваемость детей. Уделено внимание особенностям иммунитета у детей в разные возрастные периоды, выделены критические периоды развития иммунной системы, когда ребенок наиболее восприимчив к различным инфекционным возбудителям. Автором представлены возможности профилактики повторной респираторной заболеваемости у детей, начинающих посещать детский сад.
The article is devoted to the issues of child’s adaptation in the kindergarten. The main problems of psychological, physiological, social and medical adaptation are outlined, the factors influencing the child’s addiction to kindergarten (age, health status, level of various skills development, level of sociability) are noted. Prognostic signs of difficulty and signs of impairments of the processes of adaptation to the children’s team are identified. Attention is paid to the phases of adaptation (acute, subacute and compensate of adaptation), degrees (mild, moderate and severe), as well as the stages of adaptation (difficulties in adaptation, gradual addiction and complete completion of adaptation). One of the problems of adaptation in kindergarten is noted – repeated respiratory morbidity in children is noted as one of the problems of adaptation to kindergarten. Attention is paid to the peculiarities of immunity in children in different age periods, critical periods in the development of the immune system are highlighted, when the child is most susceptible to various infectious agents. The author presents the possibilities of prevention of recurrent respiratory morbidity in children who begin to attend kindergarten.
Treatment Strategy for Traumatic Brain Injury Depending on Severity
Authors: Наледько А.Н. 
Published: November 2023

Рассмотрены особенности нейропротекции при травмах центральной нервной системы. Травма нарушает деятельность мозга за счет как первичного (биомеханические факторы), так и последующего вторичного повреждения (активация патофизиологических каскадов). В отличие от острого инсульта, при котором целью является предотвращение гибели клеток пенумбры, основной целью при нейротравме служит предупреждение и уменьшение вторичного повреждения клеток мозга, а также усиление репаративных процессов.
The features of neuroprotection in traumas of the central nervous system are considered. Trauma disrupts brain activity due to both primary (biomechanical factors) and subsequent secondary damage (activation of pathophysiological cascades). Unlike acute stroke, in which the goal is to prevent the death of penumbra cells, the main goal in neurotrauma is to prevent and reduce secondary damage to brain cells, as well as to enhance reparative processes.
Antibacterial Therapy for Infectious Heart Diseases
Authors: Абельская И.С. , Галицкая С.С. , Качанко Е.Ф. , Козаченко М.Г. , Карпов И.А. , Горбич Ю.Л. 
Published: November 2023

В данной статье рассматриваются современные подходы к антибактериальной терапии инфекционных заболеваний сердца – большой группы гетерогенных, различных по этиологии, патогенезу, морфологической характеристике заболеваний, включая инфекционный эндокардит, инфекции имплантированных внутрисердечных устройств, миокардиты, перикардиты. Рассмотрены основные патогены, приводящие к развитию указанных заболеваний, наиболее грозным из которых является инфекционный эндокардит; приведены схемы и длительность назначения антибактериальных препаратов. Целью данной публикации является дальнейшее продвижение надлежащего использования антибиотиков. Эти рекомендации предназначены для использования широким кругом специалистов, оказывающих помощь пациентам с инфекционными заболеваниями сердца.
This article includes current modern trends in antibacterial treatment of infectious heart diseases – a big group of heterogenous, different in etiology, pathogenesis and morphologic characteristic diseases, including infective endocarditis, cardiac implantable electronic device infections, myocarditis, pericarditis. Main pathogenes leading to the development of these conditions are overviewed as well as possible schemes and duration of antibacterial treatment are described. The purpose of this article is further promotion of the proper use of antibiotics. These guidelines are to be used by a wide circle of healthcare professionals treating patients infectious heart diseases.
In Expectation of a Tridemic: Circulation of ARVI Pathogens in the Republic of Belarus During the Epidemic Season 2022–2023
Authors: Аношко О.Н. , Лапо Т.П. , Савинова О.В. , Сивец Н.В. , Кищенко Е.Н. , Шмелёва Н.П. 
Published: November 2023

В статье представлена информация об этиологической структуре возбудителей острых респираторных вирусных инфекций (ОРВИ) и особенностях циркуляции SARS-CoV-2, сезонного гриппа и респираторно-синцитиального вируса (hRSV) в Республике Беларусь в период эпидемического сезона 2022–2023 гг. За анализируемый период времени исследовали 1180 клинических образцов, взятых у лиц всех возрастных групп. По клинической симптоматике случаи классифицировали как острые респираторные инфекции, гриппоподобные заболевания и тяжелые острые респираторные инфекции. Генетический материал возбудителей ОРВИ выявили в 9,1% случаев. Показано, что коронавирус SARS-CoV-2 был наиболее частым возбудителем ОРВИ с установленной этиологией на протяжении всего сезона (41,7%), далее следовали вирусы гриппа (25,9%). На долю hRSV пришлось 3,7% случаев. Кроме того, установлено эпидемическое значение SARS-CoV-2, сезонного гриппа и hRSV. Получены данные о тяжести течения ОРВИ, а также наиболее уязвимых возрастных группах.
Information about etiological structure of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) pathogens and features of SARS-CoV-2, seasonal influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) circulation in the Republic of Belarus during the epidemic season of 2022–2023 has been presented. During the analyzed period of time, 1180 clinical samples from patients of all age groups were examined. According to clinical symptoms, all cases were classified as acute respiratory viral infections, influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infections. The genetic material of ARVI pathogens was identified in 9.1% of cases. It was shown that the SARS-CoV-2 was the most common causative agent of ARVI with an established etiology throughout the season (41.7%), followed by influenza viruses (25.9%). HRSV accounted for 3.7% of cases. In addition, the epidemic significance of SARS-CoV-2, seasonal influenza and hRSV has been established. Data were obtained on the severity of ARVI, as well as the most vulnerable age groups.
Pharmacotherapy Proven by Time: from Mechanisms to Clinical Effectiveness of Teicoplanin
Authors: Самсон А.А. , Кузьмин Ю.В. , Самсон М.А. , Черноокий О.Г. , Валентюкевич А.В. , Романовский Д.В. , Волков А.С. , Винарская Н.А. 
Published: November 2023

Проблемы современной антибактериальной терапии объясняют возросший интерес к гликопептидным антибиотикам, имеющим активность против наиболее устойчивых грамположительных кокков: метициллинрезистентных стафилококков, пенициллинрезистентных пневмококков и энтерококков. Цель. Анализ клинической и микробиологической эффективности, переносимости тейкопланина в рутинной клинической практике. В период с 2009 г. по 2023 г. под нашим наблюдением находилось 283 пациента в возрасте 57 (23; 81) лет, которым тейкопланин назначали в режимах эмпирической и целенаправленной антибактериальной терапии или с целью антибиотикопрофилактики при выполнении хирургических вмешательств. Все пациенты получали тейкопланин внутривенно. Длительность терапии составила от 7 до 56 суток, антибиотикопрофилактики – 24, 48 или 72 часа. С целью оценки клинической эффективности, переносимости лекарственного препарата проведен микробиологический и лабораторный мониторинг. В результате исследования установлена клинико-лабораторная эффективность тейкопланина в режимах как профилактики, так и лечения инфекций, вызванных грамположительными микроорганизмами, у пациентов групп высокого риска как терапевтического, так и хирургического профиля. Низкая частота развития нежелательных явлений, медленная скорость развития резистентности позволяют применять антибиотик у пациентов с тяжелыми инфекциями, требующими проведения длительного курса антибактериальной терапии, например, с инфекционным эндокардитом.
The problems of modern antibiotic therapy explain the increased interest in glycopeptide antibiotics that have activity against the most resistant gram-positive cocci: methicillin- resistant staphylococci, penicillin-resistant pneumococci and enterococci. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and microbiological efficacy and tolerability of teicoplanin in routine clinical practice. In the period from 2009 to 2023, we observed 283 patients aged 57 (23; 81) years who were prescribed teicoplanin as empirical and targeted antibiotic therapy or for antibiotic prophylaxis during surgical interventions. All patients received teicoplanin intravenously. The duration of therapy ranged from 7 to 56 days, antibiotic prophylaxis – 24, 48 or 72 hours. In order to assess the clinical efficacy and tolerability of the drug, microbiological and laboratory monitoring was carried out. As a result of the study, the clinical and laboratory efficacy of teicoplanin was established in both the prevention and treatment of infections caused by gram-positive microorganisms in patients of high- risk groups of both therapeutic and surgical profiles. The low incidence of adverse events, the slow rate of development of resistance, allow the use of an antibiotic in patients with severe infections requiring a long course of antibiotic therapy, for example, with infective endocarditis.
The study on the possibility of using sewage sludge in the ecological reconstruction of contaminated sites from the petroleum industry
Authors: Iorga Cristian Mugurel , Ţopa Maria Cătălina , Stancu Mihaela Marilena 
Published: November 2023

One field of activity that pollutes important land surfaces with hydrocarbons is the petroleum industry. In the ecological reconstruction of contaminated sites from the petroleum industry, natural geological resources are used to fill the excavations resulting from the decommissioning of some equipment and installations. Increasing amounts of sewage sludge are generated by the growing number of municipal wastewater treatment plants. For this reason, solutions are being sought for the elimination or utilization of sewage sludge. For the decontamination of soils polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons, bioremediation technologies with the help of microorganisms, especially bacteria are used on a large scale. From the results carried out in the present study, it appears that sewage sludge has microbiological, agrochemical, and geotechnical characteristics, which could make possible their utilization for the ecological reconstruction of sites contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon. Thus, it would be possible to capitalize on the sewage sludge in the petroleum industry.