bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymptotically Autonomous Robustness of Non-autonomous Random Attractors for Stochastic Convective Brinkman-Forchheimer Equations on ℝ3
Authors: Kinra Kush , Mohan Manil T , Wang Renhai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article is concerned with the asymptotically autonomous robustness (almost surely and in probability) of random attractors for stochastic version of 3D convective Brinkman-Forchheimer (CBF) equations defined on $\mathbb {R}^{3}$: $$ \begin{align*} &\frac{\partial\boldsymbol{v}}{\partial\mathrm{t}}-\mu\Delta\boldsymbol{v}+(\boldsymbol{v}\cdot\nabla)\boldsymbol{v}+\alpha\boldsymbol{v}+\beta|\boldsymbol{v}|^{r-1}\boldsymbol{v}+\nabla{p}=\boldsymbol{f}+``\mbox{stochastic terms}",\quad\nabla\cdot\boldsymbol{v}=0,\end{align*}$$where $\mu ,\alpha ,\beta &gt; 0$, $r\geq 1$ and $\boldsymbol {f}(\cdot )$ is a given time-dependent external force field. Our goal is to study the asymptotically autonomous robustness for 3D stochastic CBF equations perturbed by a linear multiplicative or additive noise when time-dependent forcing converges towards a time-independent function. The main procedure to achieve our goal is how to justify that the usual pullback asymptotic compactness of the solution operators is uniform on some uniformly tempered universes over an infinite time-interval $(-\infty ,\tau ]$. This can be done by showing the backward uniform “tail-smallness” and “flattening-property” of the solutions over $(-\infty ,\tau ]$.
Simultaneous Determination of Amphenicols in Animal-Derived Foods by Solvent and Solid Phase Extraction With Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Liu Feng , Yan Yaya , Yao Yi , Qin Yingxu , Xu Fei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The consumption of foods containing amphenicols, a type of antibiotic, is a major concern for human health. A stable and accurate detection method can provide technical support for food-safety monitoring.

Objective
An effective and efficient method was established for determining amphenicols in animal-derived foods through the simultaneous use of solid-phase extraction (SPE) cleanup and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Method
Samples were extracted using 1.0% ammoniated ethyl acetate solution, degreased with n-hexane, and then concentrated and cleaned using a C18 SPE column. Next, gradient elution was performed using methanol and 0.05% aqueous ammonia as the mobile phase, followed by separation using a C18 column. The target compound was detected using electrospray ionization, both in positive and negative modes, through multiple reaction monitoring, and quantified using an internal-standard method.

Results
The content of chloramphenicol (CAP), florfenicol (FF), and florfenicol amine (FFA) (content range: 0.2–8.0 µg/kg) as well as that of thiamphenicol (TAP; content range: 1.0–40.0 µg/kg) show a good linear relationship, with a correlation coefficient of r &gt; 0.999. Furthermore, recoveries of 86.7–111.9% and relative standard deviations of &lt;9.0% were achieved. The limits of detection and quantification are obtained as 0.03–0.33 and 0.1–1.0 μg/kg, respectively.

Conclusions
The proposed method has excellent stability and accuracy, and can be successfully used for the qualitative and quantitative determination of amphenicols, i.e., CAP, TAP, FF, and FFA residues in 210 animal-derived food samples, of which FF and FFA were detected in four samples.

Highlights
A stable and accurate method was successfully established for the simultaneous determination of CAP, TAP, FF, and FFA in animal-derived foods using UPLC-MS/MS. Effective sample pretreatment was established, lipids were removed using n-hexane, concentration and cleanup were achieved with the C18 SPE column, and matrix effects were effectively reduced, thus improving the method’s accuracy and stability. The method was validated for eight common animal-source foods, including beef, lamb, pork, chicken, egg, milk, fish, and honey. This method has good applicability for CAP, TAP, FF, and FFA in animal-derived foods.
The Impact of Virtual Reality on Anxiety and Pain During US-Guided Breast Biopsies: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Prabhu Vishnunarayan G , Sprouse Harper A , Brignull Calleigh G , Snider Rebecca , Tanner Stephanie , Adams Kyle J , B. Nisonson Andrea , Hand William R , Epling James A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the efficacy of immersive virtual reality (VR) in combination with standard local anesthetic for mitigating anxiety and pain during US-guided breast biopsies compared to local anesthetic alone.

Methods
Patients scheduled for US-guided biopsy were invited to participate. Eligible patients were females 18 years of age or older. Patients were randomized to VR or control group at a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the VR group underwent biopsy with the addition of a VR experience and patients in the control group underwent usual biopsy. Patient-perceived levels of anxiety and pain were collected before and after biopsy via the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Physiological data were captured during biopsy using a clinically validated wristband. Differences in anxiety, pain, and physiologic data were compared between the VR and control group.

Results
Sixty patients were enrolled. After excluding 2 patients with VR device malfunction, there were 29 patients in the VR and 29 patients in the control group for analysis. The VR group had reduced anxiety compared to the control group based on postintervention STAI (P &lt;.001) and VAS (P = .036). The VR group did not have lower pain based on postintervention VAS (P = .555). Physiological measures showed higher RR intervals and decreased skin conductance levels, which are associated with lower anxiety levels in the VR group.

Conclusion
Use of VR in addition to standard local anesthetic for US-guided breast biopsies was associated with reduced patient anxiety. Virtual reality may be a useful tool to improve the patient biopsy experience.
BRepGAT: Graph neural network to segment machining feature faces in a B-rep model
Authors: Lee Jinwon , Yeo Changmo , Cheon Sang-Uk , Park Jun Hwan , Mun Duhwan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In recent years, there have been many studies using artificial intelligence to recognize machining features in three-dimensional models in the computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing field. Most of these studies converted the original CAD data into images, point clouds, or voxels for recognition. This led to information loss during the conversion process, resulting in decreased recognition accuracy. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning model called the boundary representation graph attention network (BRepGAT) to segment faces in an original boundary representation (B-rep) model containing machining features. We define descriptors that represent information about the faces and edges of the B-rep model from the perspective of feature recognition. These descriptors are extracted from the B-rep model and transformed into homogeneous graph data, which are then passed to graph networks. BRepGAT recognizes machining features from the graph data input. Our experimental results using the MFCAD18++ dataset showed that BRepGAT achieved state-of-the-art recognition accuracy (99.1%). Furthermore, BRepGAT showed relatively robust performance on other datasets besides MFCAD18++.
Measuring the knowledge and perception of Jordanian health science students towards self-prescribed medications: a descriptive analysis study
Authors: Shudifat Ra’ed M , Mosleh Sultan , Almakhzomi Suhair , Al Shdifat Mohammad , Alnajar Malek , Alkhawaldeh Ja’far M , Al-Halaseh Lidia K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the level of perception and awareness of health science students towards using over-the-counter (OTC) medicines and reveal any malpractice.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional correlational study employing an internet-based self-administered questionnaire collected data from 342 participants. The study model comprised four compartments: introductory, socio-demographic, utilizing OTC medications, and estimating the perception level. Descriptive statistics were used to describe participants’ demographics and main study variables. Non-parametric descriptive analysis and chi-squared tests were used to determine significance across the three medical schools. The response rate among students in their first academic year (33.9%) was the highest.

Findings
Most participants rely on OTC to treat minor conditions like pain and the common cold. Nutraceuticals have been used heavily. The participants showed a positive attitude towards self-treatment; the average perception score was 3.45 (SD = 0.60; 95%CI: 3.38–3.51). Besides, participants on regularly prescribed medications still determined the interaction between their treatments and non-prescribed medications. No significant association between attitude average score and participant age (r = −0.06; P = .273). Likewise, no differences were found in perceived attitude towards OTC based on gender (P = .41), academic level (P = .223), and college (P = .84).

Conclusion
This study provides an overview of the level of medical student’s perception towards self-treatment; despite the promising levels of knowledge and perception, it is necessitated to introduce interprofessional medical education to get an integrated knowledge and qualified graduates to provide the best health services.
Eccentric binaries in retrograde discs
Authors: Tiede Christopher , D’Orazio Daniel J 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Modern numerical hydrodynamics tools have recently enabled detailed examinations of binaries accreting from prograde circumbinary discs. These have reframed the current understanding of binary-disc interactions and disc driven orbital evolution. We present the first full-domain grid-based hydrodynamics simulations of equal-mass, eccentric binaries accreting from retrograde circumbinary discs. We study binary eccentricities that span e = 0.0 to e = 0.8 continuously, and explore the influence of retrograde accretion on the binary orbital response, disc morphology, and observational properties. We find that, at all eccentricities, retrograde accretion shrinks the binary semimajor axis and pumps its eccentricity leading to the previously identified possibility of highly eccentric mergers. Contrary to past studies and models, we observe gravitational forces to dominate the binary’s orbital evolution as opposed to the physical accretion of mass and momentum. Retrograde accretion variability also differs strongly from prograde solutions. Preeminently, binaries with e &gt; 0.55 reveal a unique two-period, double-peaked accretion signature that has not previously been identified. We additionally find evidence for the emergence of retrograde Lindblad resonances at large eccentricities in accordance with predictions from linear theory. Our results suggest that some astrophysical binaries for which retrograde accretion is possible will experience factors-of-a-few times faster orbital decay than in prograde discs and will have their eccentricities pumped beyond the limits found from prograde solutions. Such effects could lead to rapid inward migration for some young stellar binaries, the detection of highly eccentric LISA mergers, and the tentatively observed turnover at the low-frequency end of the gravitational wave background.
WISDOM project – XVIII. Molecular gas distributions and kinematics of three megamaser galaxies
Authors: Liang Fu-Heng , Smith Mark D , Bureau Martin , Gao Feng , Davis Timothy A , Cappellari Michele , Elford Jacob S , Greene Jenny E , Iguchi Satoru , Lelli Federico , Lu Anan , Ruffa Ilaria , Williams Thomas G , Zhang Hengyue 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The co-evolution of galaxies and supermassive black holes (SMBHs) underpins our understanding of galaxy evolution, but different methods to measure SMBH masses have only infrequently been cross-checked. We attempt to identify targets to cross-check two of the most accurate methods, megamaser, and cold molecular gas dynamics. Three promising galaxies are selected from all those with existing megamaser SMBH mass measurements. We present Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) 12CO (2–1) and 230-GHz continuum observations with angular resolutions of ≈0${_{.}^{\prime\prime}}$5. Every galaxy has an extended rotating molecular gas disc and 230-GHz continuum source(s), but all also have irregularities and/or non-axisymmetric features: NGC 1194 is highly inclined and has disturbed and lopsided central 12CO (2–1) emission; NGC 3393 has a nuclear disc with fairly regular but patchy 12CO (2–1) emission with little gas near the kinematic major axis, faint emission in the very centre, and two brighter structures reminiscent of a nuclear ring and/or spiral; NGC 5765B has a strong bar and very bright 12CO (2–1) emission concentrated along two bisymmetric offset dust lanes and two bisymmetric nuclear spiral arms. 12CO (2–1) and 12CO (3–2) observations with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope are compared with the ALMA observations. Because of the disturbed gas kinematics and the impractically long integration times required for higher angular resolution observations, none of the three galaxies is suitable for a future SMBH mass measurement. None the less, increasing the number of molecular gas observations of megamaser galaxies is valuable, and the ubiquitous disturbances suggest a link between large-scale gas properties and the existence of megamasers.
Descriptive study of COVID-19 vaccinations and infections within an NHS workforce
Authors: Ke M , Soothill G , Wilson K , Swietlik S , Leckie A , Sutherland R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Healthcare workers were a priority group for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination during the pandemic. Occupational exposure may account for some of the increased risk faced.

Aims
Describe COVID-19 vaccine uptake and infection rates in staff across a large NHS board in Scotland to better understand occupational risk during the pandemic.

Methods
Descriptive cross-sectional study. Demographic data were extracted on 5 August 2021 from 26 058 members of staff. COVID-19 vaccination status and positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were extracted on two separate dates to describe the timeline of staff infections between March 2020 and January 2022.

Results
There was high uptake of all three vaccine doses across all demographic groups in hospital staff. PCR positivity decreased with increasing age and Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation score. Staff and nosocomial COVID-19 infections followed peaks in community infection rates.

Conclusions
NHS Lothian is a typical NHS workforce with good vaccine uptake. Beyond very early cases, there seems to be minimal evidence of occupational acquisition of COVID-19. The large number of nosocomial infections at the start of the pandemic may, in fact, reflect lack of community testing at this time. Despite protection from high vaccine coverage, job type and good Infection Prevention and Control practices, it seems that staff remain at high risk of catching the highly transmissible omicron variant from the community rather than work.
A Clinicopathological Categorization System for Clinical Research in Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Krogstad Paul , Thompson George R , Heidari Arash , Kuran Rasha , Stephens Alexis V , Butte Manish J , Johnson Royce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A wide array of clinical manifestations follow infection with Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii, ranging from asymptomatic infection to life-threatening pulmonary disease or extrapulmonary dissemination and meningitis. Epidemiological studies require consistent definitions of cases and their comparative clinical features. Understanding host and pathogen determinants of the severity of coccidioidomycosis also requires that specific clinical features (such as coccidioidal meningitis) and their overlap be precisely defined and quantified. Here we propose a system for categorization of outcomes of coccidioidomycosis in individuals who are not overtly immunocompromised that harmonizes clinical assessments during translational research of this increasingly common disease.
Risk Factors for Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease Among College Students
Authors: Weil Lauren M , Crowe Samuel J , Rubis Amy B , Soeters Heidi M , Meyer Sarah A , Hariri Susan , McNamara Lucy A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
College students are at increased risk for invasive meningococcal disease, but which students are most at risk is unclear.

Methods
US meningococcal disease cases in persons aged 18–24 years during 2014–2017 were included. Patients were classified as undergraduate students or other persons. Incidence in different student and non-student populations was compared.

Results
During 2014–2017, 229 meningococcal disease cases were reported in persons aged 18–24 years; 120 were in undergraduate students. Serogroup B accounted for 74% of cases in students. Serogroup B disease incidence was 4-fold higher in undergraduate students, 11.8-fold higher among first-year undergraduate students, and 8.6-fold higher among residence hall residents versus non-undergraduates. During outbreaks, students affiliated with Greek life had a 9.8-fold higher risk of disease compared to other students. A significantly higher party school ranking was observed for schools with sporadic or outbreak cases when compared to schools with no cases.

Conclusions
The findings of increased disease risk among first-year students and those living on campus or affiliated with Greek life can inform shared clinical decision-making for serogroup B vaccines to prevent this rare but serious disease. These data also can inform school serogroup B vaccination policies and outbreak response measures.
The first reported case of furuncular myiasis in Syria with no international travel history of the patient to an endemic area
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Jacob , Douri Thaer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Myiasis is defined as the infestation of any part of the body by fly larvae. It is particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions. Cutaneous myiasis is the most common manifestation of this infestation. Here, we report a 21-year-old Syrian female who presented with a 10-day history of painful 2 ulcer-like lesions on her scalp and was diagnosed with furuncular myiasis, which included more than 20 larvae. The patient had no history of international travel to myiasis-endemic areas before the onset of the lesions. She probably acquired the infestation while visiting a cattle farm located in a rural region east of Hama governorate. Seborrheic dermatitis developed on her scalp after the myiasis treatment was performed.
Recurrent pulmonary infections as the first manifestation of cow milk intolerance: a rare case report from Syria
Authors: Doya Leen Jamel , Ismaeel Mayya , Mohammad Mohammad Fawaz , Ismaeel Yazan , Dib Ghazal , Alshehabi Zuheir , Ibrahim Ali 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCow milk protein intolerance is a common gastrointestinal condition in the first year of life. It is mainly manifested as gastrointestinal and dermatology symptoms. It rarely presents as a respiratory manifestation only without other accompanying symptoms. We report a case of a 5-month-old Syrian boy who presented with a history of recurrent acute bronchitis symptoms (cough, wheezing, tachypnea) for 3 months with no significant personal or family history. Hematological and radiographic investigations were normal. The diagnosis of cow milk intolerance was confirmed by clinical, endoscopically, and histological findings. The child was placed on amino acid hydrolysate milk with restricted cow products. The child improved significantly, and chest symptoms improved within a week of the treatment. Despite the rarity of cow milk intolerance in children with only respiratory symptoms, it should be kept in mind when the patient has recurrent pulmonary infections that are not improving on appropriate therapy.
Public mass shootings cause large surges in Americans’ engagement with gun policy
Authors: Reny Tyler T , Newman Benjamin J , Holbein John B , Hassell Hans J G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As public mass shootings continue to plague the United States, a growing scholarly literature seeks to understand the political effects of these tragic events. This literature, however, focuses on public opinion or turnout and vote choice, leaving open to question whether or not public mass shootings affect a range of other important actions citizens may take to engage with gun policy. Leveraging the as-good-as random timing of high-publicity public mass shootings over the past decade and an immense array of publicly available and proprietary data, we demonstrate that these events consistently cause surges in public engagement with gun policy—including internet searches, streaming documentaries, discussion on social media, signing petitions, and donating to political action committees. Importantly, we document the behaviors where shootings induce polarizing upswings in engagement and those where upswings skew toward gun control. Finally, we demonstrate that low-publicity shootings largely exert little-to-no effect on our outcomes.
External financing, technological changes, and employees
Authors: Kim E Han , Li Yuan , Lu Yao , Shi Xinzheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Using exogenous shocks on the ability to issue seasoned equity offerings (SEOs), we show SEOs lead to a higher employee skill composition, that is, a lower (higher) proportion of low (high) skilled workers. The decrease in low-skilled workers exceeds the increase in high-skilled workers, resulting in reduced employment at the firm level. These effects are more significant when firms invest more in technology following SEOs and face greater financial constraints before SEOs, suggesting that SEOs relieve budget constraints on technology investments. These findings demonstrate that while external equity financing helps upgrade technology to improve productivity, it has a dark side for low-skilled workers.