bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐92b in the skeletal muscle regulates exercise capacity via modulation of glucose metabolism
Authors: Yang Shu , Yang Guangyan , Wang Xinyu , Li Lixing , Li Yanchun , Xiang Jiaqing , Kang Lin , Liang Zhen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundExercise mimetics is a proposed class of therapeutics that specifically mimics or enhances the therapeutic effects of exercise. Muscle glycogen and lactate extrusion are critical for physical performance. The mechanism by which glycogen and lactate metabolism are manipulated during exercise remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of miR‐92b on the upregulation of exercise training‐induced physical performance.MethodsAdeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated skeletal muscle miR‐92b overexpression in C57BLKS/J mice, and global knockout of miR‐92b mice were used to explore the function of miR‐92b in glycogen and lactate metabolism in skeletal muscle. AAV‐mediated UGP2 or MCT4 knockdown in WT or miR‐92 knockout mice was used to confirm whether miR‐92b regulates glycogen and lactate metabolism in skeletal muscle through UGP2 and MCT4. Body weight, muscle weight, grip strength, running time and distance to exhaustion, and muscle histology were assessed. The expression levels of muscle mass‐related and function‐related proteins were analysed by immunoblotting or immunostaining.ResultsGlobal knockout of miR‐92b resulted in normal body weight and insulin sensitivity, but higher glycogen content before exercise exhaustion (0.8538 ± 0.0417 vs. 1.043 ± 0.040, **P = 0.0087), lower lactate levels after exercise exhaustion (4.133 ± 0.2589 vs. 3.207 ± 0.2511, *P = 0.0279), and better exercise capacity (running distance to exhaustion, 3616 ± 86.71 vs. 4231 ± 90.29, ***P = 0.0006; running time to exhaustion, 186.8 ± 8.027 vs. 220.8 ± 3.156, **P = 0.0028), as compared with those observed in the control mice. Mice skeletal muscle overexpressing miR‐92b (both miR‐92b‐3p and miR‐92b‐5p) displayed lower glycogen content before exercise exhaustion (0.6318 ± 0.0231 vs. 0.535 ± 0.0194, **P = 0.0094), and higher lactate accumulation after exercise exhaustion (4.5 ± 0.2394 vs. 5.467 ± 0.1892, *P = 0.01), and poorer exercise capacity (running distance to exhaustion, 4005 ± 81.65 vs. 3228 ± 149.8, ***P<0.0001; running time to exhaustion, 225.5 ± 7.689 vs. 163 ± 6.476, **P = 0.001). Mechanistic analysis revealed that miR‐92b‐3p targets UDP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase 2 (UGP2) expression to inhibit glycogen synthesis, while miR‐92b‐5p represses lactate extrusion by directly target monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4). Knockdown of UGP2 and MCT4 reversed the effects observed in the absence of miR‐92b in vivo.ConclusionsThis study revealed regulatory pathways, including miR‐92b‐3p/UGP2/glycogen synthesis and miR‐92b‐5p/MCT4/lactate extrusion, which could be targeted to control exercise capacity.
Bioinformatics analysis of the prognosis and biological significance of N6 methyladenine regulators in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yu Mei , Shen Fang , Li Xiuxian , Zhu Chuandong , Pei Yaoyao , Zhang Manli , Xiao Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of cancer. We performed the present study to explore the function and specific regulatory mechanism of m6A in OSCC and to find a new diagnosis and treatment strategy for OSCC.MethodsUsing bioinformatics, we examined the associations between 20 genes associated with methylation and the epidemiological data about OSCC tumor samples.ResultsWe created two subgroup curves based on the gene expression levels related to m6A methylation. In total, 14 genes were found to be differentially expressed. Significant differences in terms of survival rates, Grade and gender were found among subgroups with different m6A expression levels. Nine genes had areas under the curves greater than 0.7. Therefore, these genes may be utilized for the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC. Because of their high individual predictive value, HNRNPC and IGF2BP2 were chosen as the two potential predictors. The two regulatory elements were used to create the prognostic signals for OSCC. The developed prognostic signals made it possible to discern between the samples with good and poor prognoses without potential confounding factors. Four genes (HNRNPC, METTL14, YTHDF2 and ALKBH5) combined well with compounds, which had an anti‐cancer effect.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that OSCC‐related genes with m6A methylation could be beneficial treatment targets or prognostic indicators.
Novel surfactants and their application as universal lubricity aids
Authors: Moore Lucas R. , Bryant Garret P. , Taylor Jordan , McEnery Molly , Holtcamp Timothy G. , Boggs Sydney 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe reduction in friction is a desired property in many industries. Some of the applications include the movement of liquid or slurry through a pipeline in oil or mining, the grinding of one metal on another during fabrication, metal on paper in the making of nearly any paper product, to even something closer to home with the movement of a brush or comb through one's hair. Friction yields higher degrees of strain or stress on one or both of the substrates. This can be costly due to energy requirements, wear of equipment, or even breakage of the substrate. Even though the need exists in so many industries, the mechanisms of lubricity vary enough in each that there really is not a universal lubricity aid that can successfully be applied across the different industries. A family of novel lubricity aids based on alkyl polyglucosides have been synthesized and evaluated in the lab on both metal/metal friction reduction as well as comb/hair friction reduction. One of the modified alkyl polyglucosides has yielded excellent reduction in friction in both applications.
Higher Rates of Inadequate Adjuvant Radiation Dose Among Older Adults with Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Raab Gabriel , Babu Christopher , Yu Yao , Givi Babak , Wong Richard J. , Lee Nancy Y. , Zakeri Kaveh 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the rate of inadequate radiotherapy and identify risk factors associated with inadequate adjuvant radiotherapy for head and neck cancer among older adults.MethodsA retrospective review of the National Cancer Database (NCDB) was performed to identify patients diagnosed with squamous cell cancer of the head and neck between 2004 and 2017. Patients with a single malignancy, negative surgical margins, no extranodal extension, and receipt of adjuvant radiation without systemic therapy were included in the study cohort. The main outcome of interest was the adjuvant radiation dose received. Participant data were compared using univariable, multivariable, and correlation analyses to evaluate risk factors for inadequate radiation therapy (RT) dosing.ResultsAmong 7608 patients, 1010 patients (13.3%) received an inadequate radiation dose and 6598 (86.7%) received an adequate dose. Patients living in a higher income zip‐code, younger age, and those who received intensity‐modulated RT (IMRT) were more likely to receive an adequate radiation dose (p < 0.05). Patients older than 70 and 80 years old had a greater likelihood of receiving an inadequate radiation dose (≥70 vs. <70: 16.9% vs. 12.5%; p < 0.05 and ≥80 vs. <80: 20.6% vs. 13.0%%; p < 0.05). Similarly, increasing age was negatively correlated with radiation dose (correlation coefficient: −0.05; p < 0.001).ConclusionA substantial proportion of older patients receiving adjuvant radiation do not complete the full treatment. Older age, year of diagnosis, non‐IMRT, and living in a lower‐income zip code were associated with early termination of RT. Future studies should examine strategies to improve tolerance of adjuvant RT so that more patients complete the full treatment.Level of Evidence3; Cohort Study Laryngoscope, 134:2206–2211, 2024
Evaluation of Oropharyngeal Cancer Information from Revolutionary Artificial Intelligence Chatbot
Authors: Davis Ryan J. , Ayo‐Ajibola Oluwatobiloba , Lin Matthew E. , Swanson Mark S. , Chambers Tamara N. , Kwon Daniel I. , Kokot Niels C. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveWith burgeoning popularity of artificial intelligence‐based chatbots, oropharyngeal cancer patients now have access to a novel source of medical information. Because chatbot information is not reviewed by experts, we sought to evaluate an artificial intelligence‐based chatbot's oropharyngeal cancer‐related information for accuracy.MethodsFifteen oropharyngeal cancer‐related questions were developed and input into ChatGPT version 3.5. Four physician‐graders independently assessed accuracy, comprehensiveness, and similarity to a physician response using 5‐point Likert scales. Responses graded lower than three were then critiqued by physician‐graders. Critiques were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Readability of responses was assessed using Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and Flesch–Kincaid Reading Grade Level (FKRGL) scales.ResultsAverage accuracy, comprehensiveness, and similarity to a physician response scores were 3.88 (SD = 0.99), 3.80 (SD = 1.14), and 3.67 (SD = 1.08), respectively. Posttreatment‐related questions were most accurate, comprehensive, and similar to a physician response, followed by treatment‐related, then diagnosis‐related questions. Posttreatment‐related questions scored significantly higher than diagnosis‐related questions in all three domains (p < 0.01). Two themes of the physician critiques were identified: suboptimal education value and potential to misinform patients. The mean FRE and FKRGL scores both indicated greater than an 11th grade readability level—higher than the 6th grade level recommended for patients.ConclusionChatGPT responses may not educate patients to an appropriate degree, could outright misinform them, and read at a more difficult grade level than is recommended for patient material. As oropharyngeal cancer patients represent a vulnerable population facing complex, life‐altering diagnoses, and treatments, they should be cautious when consuming chatbot‐generated medical information.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:2252–2257, 2024
Do trade and technology foster employment growth? Evidence from Indian industries
Authors: Sharma Chandan , Khanna Rupika 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeveral developing economies have been generating fast growth, but formal employment generation remains a concern, causing a significant workforce to continue working in the informal sector. In this context, this study investigates the employment effects of international trade and in‐house R&D in the Indian case. Our attempt is important because India is not only the largest country in terms of population but also the largest working population in the world. We coalesce industry‐level data from two different sources for the period 1991–2018 and employ a powerful system GMM estimator in the analysis. Our findings are interesting and vital. We show that although the role of trade is overall positive, export and import have contrasting roles individually in generating employment. Most generally, exporting is a generator of employment, while importing causes a loss in it. Our analysis implies that the interplay of trade, and individually that of exports and imports, with in‐house R&D depends on many factors and may be more intricate than previously assumed.
Revisiting Aurora Kinase B: A promising therapeutic target for cancer therapy
Authors: Lakkaniga Naga Rajiv , Wang Zhengyu , Xiao Yao , Kharbanda Anupreet , Lan Li , Li Hong‐yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCancer continues to be a major health concern globally, although the advent of targeted therapy has revolutionized treatment options. Aurora Kinase B is a serine‐threonine kinase that has been explored as an oncology therapeutic target for more than two decades. Aurora Kinase B inhibitors show promising biological results in in‐vitro and in‐vivo experiments. However, there are no inhibitors approved yet for clinical use, primarily because of the side effects associated with Aurora B inhibitors. Several studies demonstrate that Aurora B inhibitors show excellent synergy with various chemotherapeutic agents, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies. This makes it an excellent choice as an adjuvant therapy to first‐line therapies, which greatly improves the therapeutic window and side effect profile. Recent studies indicate the role of Aurora B in some deadly cancers with limited therapeutic options, like triple‐negative breast cancer and glioblastoma. Herein, we review the latest developments in Aurora Kinase B targeted research, with emphasis on its potential as an adjuvant therapy and its role in some of the most difficult‐to‐treat cancers.
Millimeter‐wave filtenna for 5G application with multiple controllable radiation nulls and wide stopband
Authors: Li Jiawang , Zhu Yuanwei , Hu Yun , Hong Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA filtenna (filtering antenna) for the fifth generation (5G) mobile communications in millimeter‐wave (mmWave) band is proposed in this paper. The filtenna is fed by a probe, and two radiation nulls are generated at the upper sideband based on the stacked‐patches structure. Then, two shorting pins loaded on the driven patch are introduced, which then result in the third radiation null. An “X‐character” shape radiation loop is added therefore, the fourth radiation null can be generated. Besides, the fifth radiation null at around 34 GHz is generated by adding four parasitic strips on the top radiation patch. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth of the filtenna is from 23.07 to 30.99 GHz. The average gain of the antenna is larger than 5.5 dBi, and the stopband suppression can reach 14 dB with a wide stopband. With the merits of low profile, wide stopband, and stable radiation, the proposed filtenna can be a good candidate for 5G mmWave applications.
Fabrications of electrically small hemispherical antenna
Authors: Ghosh Purno , Harackiewicz Frances J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA hemispherical‐shaped folded electrically small antenna (ESA) is a well‐known antenna where the radiating conductor is a wire or flat strip of variable width. This work analyzed the performance of strip‐based ESA for a constant strip width and focused on the fabrication procedure which utilizes the low‐cost dielectric material and ubiquitous 3‐D printer. The impact of additional dielectric support on the performance of ESA was investigated. This work also introduced conductive paint for the radiating part, along with metallic wire and strip. There is a good agreement between simulated and measured results. The 3‐D printing technique offers design flexibility, eases fabrication difficulty, reduces material cost, and improves the mechanical stability of the antenna.
Development of a joint prediction model based on both the radiomics and clinical factors for preoperative prediction of circumferential resection margin in middle‐low rectal cancer using T2WI images
Authors: Ju Yiheng , Zheng Longbo , Qi Wei , Tian Guangye , Lu Yun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesA circumferential resection margin (CRM) is an independent risk factor for local recurrence, distant metastasis, and poor overall survival of rectal cancer. In this study, we developed and validated a radiomics prediction model to predict perioperative surgical margins in patients with middle and low rectal cancer following neoadjuvant treatment and for decisions about treatment plans for patients.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed 275 patients from center 1(training cohort) and 120 patients from center 2(verification cohort) with rectal cancer diagnosed at two centers from July 2020 to July 2022 who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and had their CRM status confirmed by preoperative high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Radiomics signatures were extracted and screened from MRI images and a radiomics signature was built by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression model, which was combined with clinical signatures to construct a nomogram. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and calibration curve were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model.ResultsIn our research, the combined model has the best performance. In the training group, the radiomics model based on high‐spatial‐resolution T2‐weighted imaging (HR‐T2WI), clinical model and combined model demonstrated an AUC of 0.819 (0.802–0.833), 0.843 (0.822–0.861), and 0.910 (0.880‐0.940), respectively. In the validation group, they demonstrated an AUC of 0.745 (0.715–0.788), 0.827 (0.798–0.850), and 0.848 (0.779‐0.917), respectively. The calibration curve confirmed the clinical applicability of the model.ConclusionsThe individualized prediction model established by combining radiomics signatures and clinical signatures can efficiently and objectively predict perioperative margin invasion in patients with middle and low rectal cancer.
First feeding of a marine ornamental fish, the White‐barred Goby Amblygobius phalaena: Investigating the optimal initial live feed organisms and optimal feeding density
Authors: Chiu Pei‐Sheng , Ho Shine‐Wei , Hsu Jie , Huang Cheng‐Hsuan , Lee Yen‐Chun , Lin Yu‐Hung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe White‐barred Goby Amblygobius phalaena is a popular ornamental fish in the marine aquarium market. To achieve successful commercial production, efficient larval rearing techniques are crucial. Previous studies have achieved successful cultivation of White‐barred Goby larvae by using a combination of three live feed organisms—the ciliate Euplotes sp., the rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis, and the copepod Apocyclops royi nauplii—during the first feeding stage. However, the specific contributions of these live feed organisms to larval survival and growth remain unclear. Moreover, the optimal feeding density for the critical initial live feed organism has not been determined experimentally. In this study, we aimed to enhance the larviculture protocol for White‐barred Goby by introducing Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata trochophores and by addressing these knowledge gaps.MethodsLarvae were initially cultured through individual and combined feeding with four live feed organisms: Euplotes sp., Portuguese oyster trochophores, B. rotundiformis, and A. royi nauplii. The objective was to identify the optimal initial live feed organism during the first feeding stage by assessing the survival and growth performance of larvae. Subsequently, using this optimal live feed organism, larvae were cultured at four feeding densities (2, 5, 10, and 20 individuals/mL). Through evaluating feeding incidence, feeding intensity, survival, and growth performance, the aim was to determine the optimal feeding density for the selected live prey.ResultOur experiments revealed that White‐barred Goby larvae could consume both oyster trochophores and Euplotes sp. during the first feeding stage. However, larvae exhibited superior survival and growth performance when fed oyster trochophores. The optimal feeding density of oyster trochophores was determined to be 10 individuals/mL, while a feeding density as high as 20 individuals/mL resulted in decreased larval feeding incidence.ConclusionThese findings have significant implications for enhancing larval production programs for marine ornamental gobies and promoting their sustainable commercialization.
Numerical strategy for solving general C1‐continuous beam‐to‐beam contact problems
Authors: Júnior Celso Jaco Faccio , Gay Neto Alfredo , Wriggers Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the context of a multibody numerical environment, when aiming at representing the contact interaction between bodies one needs the inclusion of special mathematical formulations. They can be geometrically described as surface‐to‐surface or line‐to‐line contacts, for instance. The last one is usually the natural choice when addressing beam‐to‐beam contact. In the present work, a geometrically nonlinear structural formulation is combined with a beam‐to‐beam spline‐based contact formulation with a particular numerical strategy to address challenging contact problems. The numerical strategy consists of introducing criteria to evaluate, characterize and decide about the contact problem solutions. According to these criteria, a contact problem solution may be accepted, rejected, or proceed to a degeneration process (as a simplification of the original tentative for the geometric description). The main advantages of the proposed technique are the lack of special contact formulations for ill‐defined contact problems and the automatic switch between degenerated and nondegenerated scenarios. Therefore, one can naturally handle scenarios of pointwise or conformal contact, even in situations of transition between such categories along the model evolution. The adopted spline‐based formulation includes normal and tangential contact contributions. To test the proposed strategy, several pointwise and conformal contact examples are proposed.
Weight regain after total meal replacement very low‐calorie diet program with and with‐out anti‐obesity medications
Authors: Cifuentes Lizeth , Galbiati Francesca , Mahmud Hussain , Rometo David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundVery low‐calorie diets (VLCDs) employing total meal replacement (TMR) offer substantial short‐term weight loss. Concurrently, anti‐obesity medications (AOMs) have shown promise as adjunctive treatments when combined with VLCDs.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the impact of adjuvant AOMs on weight loss and weight regain within a comprehensive lifestyle program.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of patients with obesity enrolled in VLCD/TMR programs, specifically the OPTIFAST program.ResultsData from 206 patients (68% women, mean age 52.39 ± 13.05 years, BMI 41.71 ± 7.04 kg/m2) were analyzed. Of these, 139 received no AOM (AOM‐), while 67 received AOMs (AOM+). Total body weight loss percentages (TWL%) at 6 and 18 months were −17.87% ± 7.02 and −12.10% ± 11.56, respectively. There was no significant difference in 6‐month weight loss between the AOM groups. However, the AOM + group exhibited lower weight regain (3.29 kg ± 10.19 vs. 7.61 kg ± 11.96; p = 0.006) and weight regain percentage (WR%) (31.5% ± 68.7 vs. 52.16% ± 64.4; p = 0.04) compared with the AOM‐ group.ConclusionThe findings highlighted the potential of AOMs and VLCD/TMR as effective strategies for long‐term weight management in individuals with obesity.