bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical profile and difference analysis of four parts of Strobilanthes sarcorrhiza by ultrafast flow liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis
Authors: Tian Zheng , Zhang Yu , Wang Xin‐zhi , Cui Xiao‐bing , Li Wei , Tan Xian‐he , Chen Jia‐jia , Lin Hai‐zhong , Wen Hong‐mei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStrobilanthes sarcorrhiza (CTS) is a medicinal plant with various pharmacological effects such as tonifying kidney and anti‐inflammatory. However, the chemical composition and difference of its four parts (leaves, stems, rhizomes, and root tubers) have been rarely reported. In this study, ultrafast flow liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight MS was applied to analyze the chemical profile of CTS and identify 55 compounds, including terpenoids, phenylethanol glycosides, fatty acid derivatives, chain glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, and others. Among these compounds, 34 compounds were first identified in CTS. They were mainly terpenoids, phenylethanol glycosides, fatty acid derivatives, and so forth. Multivariate statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares‐discriminant analysis were also used to evaluate the difference in chemical compounds from the four parts of CTS. The results showed that phenylethanol glycosides were the main compounds of the underground parts, while terpenoids were the main compounds of the aboveground parts. This study revealed the chemical diversity and similarity of CTS and suggested that the rhizomes could be used as an alternative medicinal part to improve the resource utilization of CTS.
Microlearning strategy in the promotion of motivation and learning outcomes in software project management
Authors: Gasca‐Hurtado Gloria P. , Morillo‐Puente Solbey , Gómez‐Álvarez María C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this research, a microlearning strategy for Software Engineering supported by a mobile application was designed and implemented. The goal is to evaluate the motivation and learning outcomes in the specific context of Software Project Management, with the Scrum framework, in participants of a Software Engineering course at a Latin American higher education institution. An empirical investigation was conducted using a quantitative approach, a quasi‐experimental design, and pretest–posttest measurements without a control group. A one‐sample t‐test for comparison of the means of a sample was used. Statistically significant differences were found between the theoretical and empirical mean of the variable motivation to learn in the specific context and the variable Stimulus for learning after interacting with the mobile application. The means were higher than the theoretical average of the scale, which suggests that the participants valued the mobile application positively. Regarding the learning outcomes of the Scrum framework, a paired sample t‐test for comparison of means revealed an increase in posttest scores, although this rise was not statistically significant. Microlearning can increase the participants' motivation and promote learning in the specific context of Software Project Management. The mobile application has the potential to support microlearning since the participants felt highly motivated and agreed that its use facilitates learning, a key aspect of success in a microlearning strategy.
Students should request accommodations from DS office rather than faculty
Authors: Masinter Michael R. 
Published: February 2024

Faculty customarily decide whether to modify assignment deadlines and participation requirements based on a request from a student confronted with an emergency. However, when they do so in response to a student's request to accommodate a disability, they can put their institution at risk of violating Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. The recent court decision in Brown v. Trinity Washington University illustrates why institutions should adopt and publicize policies that direct students to present requests for disability‐related accommodations to a disability services office rather than to individual faculty, (No. 22‐1612 (Dist. D.C. 03/23/2023); see bit.ly/41PnJXc).
Downregulated circRNA_CDKN1A promotes gallbladder cancer progression through activation of the NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Hu Bin , Yang Hui , Wang Yan , Cao Yi , Zhou Rongping , Yang Dong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study uncovered the potential clinical value and molecular driving mechanisms of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in gallbladder cancer (GBC). Differentially expressed circRNAs in GBC cells were screened by high‐throughput sequencing. CircRNA_CDKN1A (circBase ID: hsa_circ_0076194) was knocked out in BGC‐SD cells through transfection with sh‐circRNA_CDKN1A. Then, proliferation was investigated via CCK8 and EdU assays, apoptosis via flow cytometry, migration via wound healing assays, and invasion via Transwell assays. Bioinformatics analysis of circRNA_CDKN1A‐related signaling pathways was performed using MetScape and g:Profiler. Results showed that the knockdown of circRNA_CDKN1A enhanced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBC cells and inhibited apoptosis. In addition, knocking out circRNA_CDKN1A promoted GBC cell proliferation and enhanced the dry indices of the OCT4 protein and CD34 expression levels. The knockdown of circRNA_CDKN1A activated the epithelial–mesenchymal transition pathway. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the biological role of circRNA_CDKN1A in GBC cells involved the NF‐κB pathway. LY2409881, which is an NF‐κB inhibitor, reversed the effects induced by the knockdown of circRNA_CDKN1A in GBC‐SD cells. In summary, the knockdown of circRNA_CDKN1A promoted the progression of GBC by activating the NF‐κB signaling pathway. For the first time, this study revealed the mechanism of circRNA_CDKN1A‐mediated regulatory action in GBC and identified the newly discovered circRNA_CDKN1A–NF‐κB signaling axis as a potentially important candidate for clinical therapy and prognostic diagnosis of GBC.
Effect of kilning on the macronutrient composition profile of three Swedish oat varieties
Authors: Norlander Siri , Dahlgren Lars , Sardari Roya R. R. , Marmon Sofia , Tullberg Cecilia , Nordberg Karlsson Eva , Grey Carl 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesKilning is crucial in oat processing, to prevent rancidity and extend shelf‐life. This study examines kilning effects on the macronutrient composition in Swedish oat varieties Galant, Fatima, and Belinda. We compared two kilning methods: one mimicking industrial practice and a simplified version. We analyzed dietary fibers (arabinoxylan, β‐glucan), protein and amino acids, lipid profile, lipase activity, and antioxidant capacity in these oat samples.FindingsDistinct compositional differences were found: Galant had low lipid content, Fatima had elevated lipid and protein levels with fewer carbohydrates, and Belinda was rich in β‐glucan and dietary fibers. Both kilning procedures had similar impacts on all varieties, causing no major changes in dietary fiber or total protein content, but resulting in a 20% decrease in soluble proteins. Kilning decreased levels of several amino acids in Belinda, while the l‐glutamate/glutamine ratio increased across all varieties. Lipid analysis showed minimal kilning‐induced changes; yet, antioxidative capacity diminished. Both kilning methods effectively inactivated lipases.ConclusionsThese findings emphasize macronutrient variations among oat varieties and the effect of kilning on soluble proteins, amino acids, and antioxidative capacity.Significance and NoveltyThis study underscores the need for precise control in oat processing, crucial in plant‐based protein and novel food development for optimal quality and yield.
Disseminated tuberculosis presented with explicit hypercalcemia: A clinical case report
Authors: Dehghan Manshadi Seyed Ali , Shafiee Nahid , Piri Seyed Mohammad , Naghavi Erfan , Moradi Maryam 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageTuberculosis (TB) is a rare but known reason for hypercalcemia usually in those with underlying conditions such as renal failure, diabetes, or severe anemia. It is essential to consider TB in those with refractory or resistant hypercalcemia.AbstractHypercalcemia or a calcium level above 10.5 mg/dL can be a manifestation of TB that only became symptomatic in a small percentage of the patients. Patients with underlying diseases such as renal failure are more prone to poor prognosis. It is essential to use anti‐TB drugs besides hypercalcemia standard treatment to maintain a normal calcium level in TB‐related hypercalcemia. In thisstudy, we have presented a young adult with disseminated TB and persistent hypercalcemia who responded finally to anti‐TB drugs.
Recent Advances in Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignin‐Derived Phenolics over Metal‐Zeolite Bifunctional Catalysts
Authors: He Ping , Li Lin , Shao Yuanchao , Yi Qisong , Liu Zhifeng , Geng Huawei , Liu Yuanshuai , Valtchev Valentin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction provides a promising catalytic strategy to remove oxygen in biomass‐derived bio‐oil to produce renewable transportation fuels and value‐added chemicals. The development of highly efficient and stable HDO catalysts plays an essential role in biomass valorization. Metal‐zeolite bifunctional catalysts have been well‐developed as the effective HDO catalysts in upgrading lignin‐derived phenolics due to their excellent activity, selectivity, and thermal and hydrothermal stability. However, clarifying the roles of the active sites and their synergistic effect, and establishing effective structure‐performance relationships in the HDO process still face challenges. In this review, we first survey the conventional catalysts applied in the HDO of bio‐oil, followed by thoroughly discussing the roles of metal centers, acid sites, supports, and their impacts on the HDO process of phenolic model compounds or bio‐oil. Finally, a discussion on the stability and deactivation of metal‐zeolite catalysts, especially in the aqueous‐phase HDO reaction, is provided. This critical review offers new insights into the development of state‐of‐the‐art metal‐zeolite bifunctional catalysts with well‐defined porosity and metal‐acid properties for viable biomass valorization.
A Structure‐Activity Relationship Study of Amino Acid Derivatives of Pterostilbene Analogues Toward Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Cordella Fabiana , Dragone Nicola , D'Orsi Rosarita , Saponaro Concetta , Vergara Daniele , Lessi Marco , Angelici Gaetano 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPterostilbene is the dimethylated analogue of Resveratrol, a compound with well‐known biological activities, such as antioxidant, chemopreventive, anti‐diabetic, anti‐obesity, and cardioprotective. Despite many studies on the general effect of such polyphenolic molecules and their derivatives, a deep comprehension of their action and systematic structure‐activity relationship studies are still rare. Herein, three different analogues of functionalizable Pterostilbene were efficiently synthesized and derivatized with a selected library of antioxidant amino acids, allowing for a highly diversified exploration of the chemical space. The library was analyzed towards cancer cells. Collectively, our data demonstrated the enhanced anti‐proliferative activity of Tryptophan‐conjugated compounds. In breast cancer cells, the treatment with Tryptophan‐conjugated analogues induced the activation of cellular stress pathways, including autophagy signaling.
Physical activity and pain in people with and without cancer
Authors: Swain Christopher T. V. , Masters Matthew , Lynch Brigid M. , Patel Alpa V. , Rees‐Punia Erika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPerforming physical activity may provide analgesic benefit, although this effect is more established for noncancer pain rather than cancer pain. The relationship between physical activity and pain outcomes in adults with and without a history of cancer was examined.MethodsTotals of 51,439 adults without a cancer history and 10,651 adults with a cancer history from the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort were included. Exposures included self‐reported moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) as well as 2‐year change in MVPA. Pain outcomes included pain intensity (primary outcome) and analgesic use (secondary outcome).ResultsMVPA was inversely associated with pain intensity for adults with (odds ratio [OR], 0.84 [≥15 metabolic equivalent of task (MET) h/week vs. <7.5 MET h/week]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76–0.93) and without (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.75–0.82) a history of cancer. Compared to remaining inactive, participants who became sufficiently active (cancer: OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.68–0.86; no cancer: OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.69–0.77), became inactive (cancer: OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71–0.88; no cancer: OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.80–0.89), or remained sufficiently active (cancer: OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.60–0.72; no cancer: OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.60–0.65) also reported less pain. Physical activity was not related to analgesic use.ConclusionsThe relationship between physical activity and pain intensity was not substantially different between people with and without a history of cancer. Cancer survivors who perform more activity, or who increase their activity, may experience less pain than cancer survivors who consistently perform less.Plain language summary

People who have had cancer often experience ongoing pain.
Being physically active may help reduce the intensity of the pain they experience.
Near‐infrared Light‐Induced Polymerizations: Mechanisms and Applications
Authors: Qiu Feng , Gong Jiao , Tong Gangsheng , Han Sheng , Zhuang Xiaodong , Zhu Xinyuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotopolymerizations have garnered significant attention in polymer science due to their low polymerization temperature, high production efficiency, environmental friendliness, and spatial controllability. Despite these merits, the poor penetration and severe chemical damage from ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) light resources pose significant barriers to their success in conventional photopolymerizations. A recent breakthrough involving the utilization of near‐infrared (NIR) laser with long wavelength has been exploited for diverse applications. With the combination of a NIR photosensitizer (PS), NIR‐induced photopolymerizations have been successfully developed to alleviate the challenges in conventional methods. The enhancement of penetration depth and safety of NIR‐induced photopolymerizations can contribute significantly to improving the efficiency of polymerization for production of intricate structures across various scales. In this concept, the typical types of PSs and polymerization mechanisms (PMs) within the NIR‐induced photopolymerization systems have been classified in detail. Additionally, the applications of various polymers achieved by NIR‐induced photopolymerizations are summarized. Furthermore, research directions and future challenges of this field are also discussed comprehensively.
Air powder waterjet technology using erythritol or glycine powders in periodontal or peri‐implant prophylaxis and therapy: A consensus report of an expert meeting
Authors: Liu Chun Ching , Dixit Neha , Hatz Christian R. , Janson Tobias M. , Bastendorf Klaus‐Dieter , Belibasakis Georgios N. , Cosgarea Raluca , Karoussis Ioannis K. , Mensi Magda , O'Neill Jessica , Spahr Axel , Stavropoulos Andreas , Schmidlin Patrick R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo attain a collective expert opinion on the use of air powder waterjet technology (APWT) with erythritol and glycine powders in the prophylaxis and therapy of periodontal and peri‐implant diseases.Material and MethodsIn the first step, a modified one‐round online Delphi survey including 44 five‐point Likert scale questions was conducted among a group of 10 expert clinicians and researchers with thorough knowledge and experience in this topic. In the second step, the single questions and the survey results were discussed during a meeting, and consensus statements were formulated, respectively.ResultsAn agreement was reached on most items, especially opinions supporting glycine and erythritol powders as favorable with respect to efficiency, safety, and comfort. More scientific evidence is needed to support the improvement in clinical attachment on teeth and implants, especially when APWT with erythritol is used. In addition, APWT needs more long‐term evaluation and studies in terms of microbiome/microbiological effects as well as effects on the inflammatory response on natural teeth and implants, also in light of a guided biofilm therapy concept.ConclusionsIn line with the expert opinions and supported by the evidence, it was concluded that the use of APWT with erythritol and glycine powders in nonsurgical periodontal and peri‐implant therapy and prophylaxis is patient compliant and efficient.
Intercropping in maize silage versus solo‐seeding for alfalfa establishment in Wisconsin and Idaho
Authors: Grabber John H. , Bjorneberg David L. , Rogers Christopher W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) intercropping with maize (Zea mays L.) silage is being developed in the northern United States to improve the profitability and environmental sustainability of forage production. This study, conducted under rainfed conditions in Wisconsin and semiarid irrigated conditions in Idaho, compared the establishment of alfalfa and dry matter yield of four intercropping systems to three conventional systems. The former systems included alfalfa interseeded at planting or the vegetative emergence (VE) stage of maize and grown with or without prohexadione growth retardant. The latter systems included alfalfa seeded in spring, summer‐seeded after barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), or late summer‐seeded after maize silage. Spring seeded and interseeded alfalfa in Wisconsin also received foliar fungicide and insecticide during establishment. During alfalfa establishment, yield of intercropped maize silage was 1.8‐ to 4.4‐fold greater than spring‐seeded alfalfa. Compared to spring‐seeded alfalfa, interseeded alfalfa had similar or somewhat lower stand density but similar first cut yield the following year, provided that intercropped maize was harvested near September 1 to allow ample alfalfa fall regrowth. Shifting interseeding from maize planting to the VE stage decreased early‐season alfalfa growth, but improved maize silage yield, with minor effects on alfalfa fall growth, stand density, and first cut yield. Prohexadione application had little impact on establishment or yield of interseeded alfalfa. While having high plant density, alfalfa seeded after barley or especially maize had less fall growth and low first cut yield. Overall, alfalfa establishment and yield of intercropping systems compared favorably with conventional systems.
Single open‐phase fault detection and tolerant control for wye‐connected three‐phase induction machine drives
Authors: Saffar Esmaeil , Ghanbari Mahmood , Ebrahimi Reza 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThis paper proposes open‐phase fault detection (FD) and tolerant control strategies for wye‐connected three‐phase induction machines (WCTPIMs). The FD mechanism is based on the comparison between predicted and actual values of stator currents, and the control approach is derived from the field‐oriented control (FOC). In the proposed fault‐tolerant control (FTC) method, an asymmetrical current transformation is used for stator current components, and the conventional symmetrical voltage transformation is employed for stator voltage components. It is shown that using these transformations, a modified FOC can be employed for the faulty WCTPIM. The suggested scheme is able to control WCTPIM drives under normal and single open‐phase fault (SOPF) modes with minor adjustments. Experimental results achieved from a laboratory prototype confirm the possibility and good performance of the proposed open‐phase FD and tolerant control for the WCTPIM under different operating conditions.
Neurofilament light chain concentration mediates the association between regional medial temporal lobe structure and memory in adults with Down syndrome
Authors: DiProspero Natalie , Sathishkumar Mithra , Janecek John , Smith Anna , McMillan Liv , Petersen Melissa , Tustison Nicholas , Keator David B. , Doran Eric , Hom Christy L. , Nguyen Dana , Andrews Howard , Krinsky‐McHale Sharon , Brickman Adam M. , Rosas H. Diana , Lai Florence , Head Elizabeth , Mapstone Mark , Silverman Wayne , Lott Ira T. , O'Bryant Sid , Yassa Michael A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONVirtually all people with Down syndrome (DS) develop neuropathology associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Atrophy of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex (EC), as well as elevated plasma concentrations of neurofilament light chain (NfL) protein, are markers of neurodegeneration associated with late‐onset AD. We hypothesized that hippocampus and EC gray matter loss and increased plasma NfL concentrations are associated with memory in adults with DS.METHODST1‐weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were collected from 101 participants with DS. Hippocampus and EC volume, as well as EC subregional cortical thickness, were derived. In a subset of participants, plasma NfL concentrations and modified Cued Recall Test scores were obtained. Partial correlation and mediation were used to test relationships between medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy, plasma NfL, and episodic memory.RESULTSHippocampus volume, left anterolateral EC (alEC) thickness, and plasma NfL were correlated with each other and were associated with memory. Plasma NfL mediated the relationship between left alEC thickness and memory as well as hippocampus volume and memory.DISCUSSIONThe relationship between MTL gray matter and memory is mediated by plasma NfL levels, suggesting a link between neurodegenerative processes underlying axonal injury and frank gray matter loss in key structures supporting episodic memory in people with DS.