bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The D3-$$ \overline{D}3 $$-brane inflation model revisited
Authors: Tye S.-H. Henry 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Combining previous results, the D3-$$ \overline{D}3 $$

D
¯

3
-brane pair potential U(T, ϕ) is presented here, where the inflaton ϕ measures the separation between the D3-brane and the anti-D3-brane, and the complex scalar mode T becomes tachyonic when the annihilation of the branes happens as they collide. Besides the distinct form of the inflationary potential, this hybrid inflationary model differs from a typical hybrid model in 2 important aspects: (1) U(T, ϕ) becomes complex when T becomes tachyonic, where Im U(T, ϕ) plays an important role in the dynamics towards the end of the inflationary epoch; (2) tunnelling during the inflationary epoch can happen; this is particularly relevant if there are multiple D3-$$ \overline{D}3 $$

D
¯

3
-brane pairs in different warped throats. Besides the production of cosmic superstrings, the model offers the possibility of first order phase transition that may generate large enough density perturbation for the primordial black hole production. Stochastic gravitational wave background from these sources remain to be fully investigated.
Resurgent Asymptotics of Jackiw–Teitelboim Gravity and the Nonperturbative Topological Recursion
Authors: Eynard Bertrand , Garcia-Failde Elba , Gregori Paolo , Lewański Danilo , Schiappa Ricardo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractJackiw–Teitelboim dilaton quantum gravity localizes on a double-scaled random-matrix model, whose perturbative free energy is an asymptotic series. Understanding the resurgent properties of this asymptotic series, including its completion into a full transseries, requires understanding the nonperturbative instanton sectors of the matrix model for Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity. The present work addresses this question by setting-up instanton calculus associated with eigenvalue tunneling (or ZZ-brane contributions), directly in the matrix model. In order to systematize such calculations, a nonperturbative extension of the topological recursion formalism is required—which is herein both constructed and applied to the present problem. Large-order tests of the perturbative genus expansion validate the resurgent nature of Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity, both for its free energy and for its (multi-resolvent) correlation functions. Both ZZ and FZZT nonperturbative effects are required by resurgence, and they further display resonance upon the Borel plane. Finally, the resurgence properties of the multi-resolvent correlation functions yield new and improved resurgence formulae for the large-genus growth of Weil–Petersson volumes.
Ulcerating skin lesions from blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm responding to low-dose radiotherapy—a case report and literature review
Authors: Hoffmann Elgin , Böke Simon , De-Colle Chiara , Lengerke Claudia , Niyazi Karim-Maximilian , Gani Cihan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic malignancy that can manifest with skin nodules and erythematous plaques. In most cases BPDCN progresses rapidly, causing multiple skin lesions and also affecting internal organs and bone marrow, warranting initiation of systemic therapies or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). Although not curative, radiotherapy for isolated lesions might be indicated in case of (imminent) ulceration and large or symptomatic lesions. To this end, doses of 27.0–51.0 Gy have been reported. Here, we present the case of an 80-year-old male with BPDCN with multiple large, nodular, and ulcerating lesions of the thorax, abdomen, and face. Low-dose radiotherapy of 2 × 4.0 Gy was administered to several lesions, which resolved completely within 1 week with only light residual hyperpigmentation of the skin in affected areas and reliably prevented further ulceration. Radiotoxicity was not reported. Therefore, low-dose radiotherapy can be an effective and low-key treatment in selected cases of BPDCN, especially in a palliative setting, with a favorable toxicity profile.
Transcriptomic insights into shared responses to Fusarium crown rot infection and drought stresses in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Su Zhouyang , Gao Shang , Zheng Zhi , Stiller Jiri , Hu Shuwen , McNeil Meredith Diane , Shabala Sergey , Zhou Meixue , Liu Chunji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Key message
Shared changes in transcriptomes caused by Fusarium crown rot infection and drought stress were investigated based on a single pair of near-isogenic lines developed for a major locus conferring tolerance to both stresses.

Abstract
Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is a devastating disease in many areas of cereal production worldwide. It is well-known that drought stress enhances FCR severity but possible molecular relationship between these two stresses remains unclear. To investigate their relationships, we generated several pairs of near isogenic lines (NILs) targeting a locus conferring FCR resistance on chromosome 2D in bread wheat. One pair of these NILs showing significant differences between the two isolines for both FCR resistance and drought tolerance was used to investigate transcriptomic changes in responsive to these two stresses. Our results showed that the two isolines likely deployed different strategies in dealing with the stresses, and significant differences in expressed gene networks exist between the two time points of drought stresses evaluated in this study. Nevertheless, results from analysing Gene Ontology terms and transcription factors revealed that similar regulatory frameworks were activated in coping with these two stresses. Based on the position of the targeted locus, changes in expression following FCR infection and drought stresses, and the presence of non-synonymous variants between the two isolines, several candidate genes conferring resistance or tolerance to these two types of stresses were identified. The NILs generated, the large number of DEGs with single-nucleotide polymorphisms detected between the two isolines, and the candidate genes identified would be invaluable in fine mapping and cloning the gene(s) underlying the targeted locus.
Edaravone and obeticholic acid protect against cisplatin-induced heart toxicity by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation and modulating Nrf2, TLR4/p38MAPK, and JAK1/STAT3/NF-κB signals
Authors: El-Shoura Ehab A. M. , Hassanein Emad H. M. , Taha Hesham H. , Shalkami Abdel-Gawad S. , Hassanein Mohamed Mahmoud Hussein , Ali Fares E. M. , Bakr Adel G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCardiotoxicity is a significant adverse effect of cisplatin (CIS) that necessitates extensive medical care. The current study examines the cardioprotective effects of edaravone (EDV), obeticholic acid (OCA), and their combinations on CIS-induced cardiac damage. Rats were allocated into five groups: the normal control group, the remaining four groups received CIS (7.5 mg/kg, i.p.) as a single dose on the fifth day and were assigned to CIS, OCA (10 mg/kg/day) + CIS, EDV (20 mg/kg/day) + CIS, and the (EDV + OCA) + CIS group. Compared to the CIS-treated group, co-treating rats with EDV, OCA, or their combinations significantly decreased ALP, AST, LDH, CK-MB, and troponin-I serum levels and alleviated histopathological heart abnormalities. Biochemically, EDV, OCA, and EDV plus OCA administration mitigated cardiac oxidative stress as indicated by a marked decrease in heart MDA content with a rise in cardiac antioxidants SOD and GSH associated with upregulating Nrf2, PPARγ, and SIRT1 expression. Besides, it dampened inflammation by decreasing cardiac levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, mediated by suppressing NF-κB, JAK1/STAT3, and TLR4/p38MAPK signal activation. Notably, rats co-administered with EDV plus OCA showed noticeable protection that exceeded that of EDV and OCA alone. In conclusion, our study provided that EDV, OCA, and their combinations effectively attenuated CIS-induced cardiac intoxication by activating Nrf2, PPARγ, and SIRT1 signals and downregulating NF-κB, JAK1/STAT3, and TLR4/p38MAPK signals.
Graphical Abstract
Outlined diagram summarized the possible protective mechanisms of OCA and/or EDV against cisplatin-induced cardiac injury
European Society of Pediatric Radiology survey of perioperative imaging in pediatric liver transplantation: (3) postoperative imaging
Authors: Dammann Elena , Ording-Müller Lil-Sofie , Franchi-Abella Stéphanie , Verhagen Martijn V. , McGuirk Simon P. , Bokkers Reinoud P.H. , Clapuyt Philippe R. M. , Deganello Annamaria , Tandoi Francesco , de Ville de Goyet Jean , Hebelka Hanna , de Lange Charlotte , Lozach Cecile , Marra Paolo , Mirza Darius , Kaliciński Piotr , Patsch Janina M. , Perucca Giulia , Tsiflikas Ilias , Renz Diane M. , Schweiger Bernd , Spada Marco , Toso Seema , Viremouneix Loïc , Woodley Helen , Fischer Lutz , Brinkert Florian , Petit Philippe , Herrmann Jochen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Liver transplantation is the state-of-the-art curative treatment for end-stage liver disease. Imaging is a key element in the detection of postoperative complications. So far, limited data is available regarding the best radiologic approach to monitor children after liver transplantation.

Objective
To harmonize the imaging of pediatric liver transplantation, the European Society of Pediatric Radiology Abdominal Taskforce initiated a survey addressing the current status of imaging including the pre-, intra-, and postoperative phases. This paper reports the responses related to postoperative imaging.

Materials and methods
An online survey, initiated in 2021, asked European centers performing pediatric liver transplantation 48 questions about their imaging approach. In total, 26 centers were contacted, and 22 institutions from 11 countries returned the survey.

Results
All sites commence ultrasound (US) monitoring within 24 h after liver transplantation. Monitoring frequency varies across sites, ranging from every 8 h to 72 h in early, and from daily to sporadic use in late postoperative phases. Predefined US protocols are used by 73% of sites. This commonly includes gray scale, color Doppler, and quantitative flow assessment. Alternative flow imaging techniques, contrast-enhanced US, and elastography are applied at 31.8%, 18.2%, and 63.6% of sites, respectively. Computed tomography is performed at 86.4% of sites when clarification is needed. Magnetic resonance imaging is used for selected cases at 36.4% of sites, mainly for assessment of biliary abnormalities or when blood tests are abnormal.

Conclusion
Diagnostic imaging is extensively used for postoperative surveillance of children after liver transplantation. While US is generally prioritized, substantial differences were noted in US protocol, timing, and monitoring frequency. The study highlights potential areas for future optimization and standardization of imaging, essential for conducting multicenter studies.
Performance insights into spray-dryer microencapsulated Bacillus thuringiensis cry pesticidal proteins with gum arabic and maltodextrin for effective pest control
Authors: de Oliveira Jhones Luiz , Gómez Isabel , Sánchez Jorge , Soberón Mario , Polanczyk Ricardo Antonio , Bravo Alejandra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces crystals composed mainly of Cry pesticidal proteins with insecticidal activity against pests but are highly susceptible to degradation by abiotic factors. In this sense, encapsulation techniques are designed to improve their performance and lifetime. However, the effects of polymeric matrix encapsulation such as gum arabic and maltodextrin by spray-dryer in the mechanisms of action of Bt kurstaki and Bt aizawai are unknown. We analyzed crystal solubilization, protoxin activation, and receptor binding after microencapsulation and compared them with commercial non-encapsulated products. Microencapsulation did not alter protein crystal solubilization, providing 130 kDa (Cry1 protoxin) and 70 kDa (Cry2 protoxin). Activation with trypsin, chymotrypsin, and larval midgut juice was analyzed, showing that this step is highly efficient, and the protoxins were cleaved producing similar ~ 55 to 65 kDa activated proteins for both formulations. Binding assays with brush border membrane vesicles of Manduca sexta and Spodoptera frugiperda larvae provided a similar binding for both formulations. LC50 bioassays showed no significant differences between treatments but the microencapsulated treatment provided higher mortality against S. frugiperda when subjected to UV radiation. Microencapsulation did not affect the mechanism of action of Cry pesticidal proteins while enhancing protection against UV radiation. These data will contribute to the development of more efficient Bt biopesticide formulations.

Key points
• Microencapsulation did not affect the mechanisms of action of Cry pesticidal proteins produced by Bt.
• Microencapsulation provided protection against UV radiation for Bt-based biopesticides.
• The study’s findings can contribute to the development of more efficient Bt biopesticide formulations.

Graphical Abstract
Recombinantly expressed rhFEB remodeled the skin defect of db/db mice
Authors: Li Xiaomin , Mao Xinliang , Cong Jianhang , Zhang Qirong , Chen Wenjie , Yan Kunjun , Huang Yadong , Su Dun , Xiang Qi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) and collagen are vital components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). These proteins are essential for tissue formation and cell alignment during the wound healing stage. In particular, FN interacts with collagens to activate various intracellular signaling pathways to maintain ECM stability. A novel recombinant extra domain-B fibronectin (EDB-FN)-COL3A1 fusion protein (rhFEB) was designed to mimic the ECM to promote chronic and refractory skin ulcer wound healing. rhFEB significantly enhanced cell adhesion and migration, vascular ring formation, and the production of new collagen I (COL1A1) in vitro. rhFEB decreased M1 macrophages and further modulated the wound microenvironment, which was confirmed by the treatment of db/db mice with rhFEB. Accelerated wound healing was shown during the initial stages in rhFEB-treated db/db mice, as was enhanced follicle regeneration, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, granulation, inflammation, and angiogenesis. The wound chronicity of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remains the main challenge in current and future treatment. rhFEB may be a candidate molecule for regulating M1 macrophages during DFU healing.

Key points
• A recombinant protein EDB-FN-collagen III (rhFEB) was highly expressed in Escherichia coli
• rhFEB protein induces COL1A1 secretion in human skin fibroblasts
• rhFEB protein accelerates diabetic wound healing
Morphometric Predictors of Penile Length Increase After Division of its Suspensory Ligament
Authors: Ramos Márcio , Varanda Pereira Alice , Silva Leonardo , Inácio Ana Rita , Álvares Furtado Ivo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Division of the suspensory ligament of the penis has emerged as a popular surgical approach for penile lengthening, but accurate preoperative predictions of lengthening outcomes remain elusive. This study aimed to identify readily measurable anatomical parameters associated with post-ligamentolysis penile length gain, facilitating more reliable preoperative estimations.

Methods
An experimental cross-sectional study was performed on 16 adult cadavers. Data collected before dissection included: age at death, ethnicity, height, length of the penis before dissection and width of the suspensory ligament of penis. Following the complete dissection of the suspensory ligament of penis, the depth of the pubic symphysis and the penile length after the procedure were measured. The absolute and relative length differences pre- and post-ligamentolysis were calculated. Correlation coefficients were used to study relations between these variables.

Results
Penile length increased uniformly after complete division of the suspensory ligament (average gain: 26.38 mm, SD = 14.83 mm; range 4–60 mm). Pearson correlation revealed a significant negative correlation between pre-ligamentolysis penile length and post-ligamentolysis increase (r = − 0.601; p = 0.014), suggesting greater gains in individuals with shorter pre-ligamentolysis lengths. Age, ligament width, and pubic arch depth showed no significant correlations. Ethnicity did not impact post-ligamentolysis length increase (t = − 0.135; p = 0.894).

Conclusions
This study highlights the potential to predict penile length gain post-ligamentolysis through measurable anatomical parameters. The ability to anticipate the outcome of this procedure could empower surgeons to provide informed counseling, potentially elevating patient satisfaction.

An experimental cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the outcomes of penile lengthening surgery

Penile lengthening was achieved in all subjects via complete dissection of the suspensory ligament of the penis

Penile length increase may be predicted preoperatively using easily measurable anatomical parameters

No Level Assigned
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Dietary acid load in health and disease
Authors: Wieërs Michiel L. A. J. , Beynon-Cobb Beverley , Visser Wesley J. , Attaye Ilias 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMaintaining an appropriate acid–base equilibrium is crucial for human health. A primary influencer of this equilibrium is diet, as foods are metabolized into non-volatile acids or bases. Dietary acid load (DAL) is a measure of the acid load derived from diet, taking into account both the potential renal acid load (PRAL) from food components like protein, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium, and the organic acids from foods, which are metabolized to bicarbonate and thus have an alkalinizing effect. Current Western diets are characterized by a high DAL, due to large amounts of animal protein and processed foods. A chronic low-grade metabolic acidosis can occur following a Western diet and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Nutritional advice focusing on DAL, rather than macronutrients, is gaining rapid attention as it provides a more holistic approach to managing health. However, current evidence for the role of DAL is mainly associative, and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This review focusses on the role of DAL in multiple conditions such as obesity, cardiovascular health, impaired kidney function, and cancer.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: nationwide trends in subtype-specific incidence and survival over 3 decades in a non-endemic area
Authors: van Velsen Jort S. , van der Vegt Bert , Plaat Boudewijn E. C. , Langendijk Johannes A. , Epskamp-Kuijpers Chantal C. H. J. , van Dijk Boukje A. C. , Oosting Sjoukje F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To identify trends in incidence and survival of NPC, subdivided by EBV status and histopathological subtype, over a 30-year period in the Netherlands.

Methods
Anonymized data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch Nationwide Pathology Databank (PALGA) for the period 1989–2018 were linked to identify and classify NPC cases.

Results
Incidence of NPC remained stable, with an annual percentage change (APC) of − 0.2. (95% CI − 0.9; 0.5). EBV testing became routine only in the last decade, the incidence of EBV-positive tumors remained stable over this period (APC 1.2, 95% CI − 1.3; 3.8). An increase in EBV-negative tumors (APC: 7.1, 95% CI 2.5; 11.9) and a decrease in untested tumors were found (APC: − 10.7, 95% CI − 15.7; − 5.7). The incidence of non-keratinizing, differentiated tumors increased (APC: 3.8, (95% CI 2.2; 5.5) while the incidence of other histological subtypes remained stable. Overall survival was better in patients diagnosed after 1998 (hazard ratio 0.8, 95% CI 0.6; 0.9). EBV status, histology, stage, and age were independently associated with relative excess risk of dying, but period of diagnosis was not.

Conclusion
Testing for EBV increased over time, and a stable incidence of EBV-positive NPC over the last 10 years. The rising incidence of non-keratinizing, differentiated NPC mirrors data from the US and suggests a shift in non-endemic regions.
Sphingomyelin synthase 2 promotes the stemness of breast cancer cells via modulating NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Feng Haizhan , Dong Yahui , Chen Kunling , You Zicong , Weng Junyan , Liang Peiqiao , Shi Fujun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapy is the main obstacle influencing the anti-tumor effect in breast cancer, which might lead to the metastasis and recurrence of cancer. Until now, there are still no effective methods that can overcome MDR. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2) in breast cancer resistance.

Methods
Quantitative RT-PCR analysis was performed to assess changes in mRNA expression. Western blot analysis was performed to detect protein expression. Inhibitory concentration value of adriamycin (ADR) was evaluated using CCK 8 assay. The stemness ability of breast cancer cells was assessed by spheroid-formation assay. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to show the cellular distribution of proteins. Breast tumor masses were harvested from the xenograft tumor mouse model.

Results
SMS2 overexpression increased the IC50 values of breast cancer cells. SMS2 decreased the CD24 transcription level but increased the transcription levels of stemness-related genes including CD44, ALDH, OCT 4 and SOX2 in breast cancer cells. SMS2 overexpression promoted the nuclear translocation of phosphorylated NF-κB, while suppression of SMS2 could inhibit the NF-κB pathway.

Conclusions
SMS2 increased the stemness of breast cancer cells via NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to resistance to the chemotherapeutic drug ADR. Thus, SMS2 might play a critical role in the development of breast cancer resistance, which is a previously unrecognized mechanism in breast cancer MDR development.
Complexity in Action: Inter- and Transdisciplinarity in EURECA-PRO
Authors: Gritzner Karoline , Kollnig Sarah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntegrated approaches to research set a common goal, which, in the case of the EURECA-PRO programme, is to work towards realising Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, Responsible Consumption and Production (RCP). However, the diversity of perspectives, expectations, and work methods within all types of cross-disciplinary work can be challenging. Based on the work of the RE-EURECA-PRO project, which develops the research and innovation agenda of EURECA-PRO, this contribution provides an insight into the complexity, challenges, and opportunities of interdisciplinary research collaboration and transdisciplinary actions.