bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eye Donation Counsellor Skill Evaluation Tool (EDC-SET): A step toward improved eye donation counseling
Authors: Nathawat Rakhi , Farooqui Javed Hussain , Majumdar Atanu , Acharya Manisha 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The expansion of the Hospital Corneal Retrieval Programme (HCRP) and the role of Eye Donation Counsellors (EDCs) have shown promising results in increasing donor cornea availability. To further enhance EDC competency and improve cornea availability for transplantation, the study proposes the Eye Donation Counsellor Skill Evaluation Tool (EDC‐SET). Key words: Competency assessment, corneal blindness, Eye Donation Counsellors (EDCs), eye health, Hospital Corneal Retrieval Programme (HCRP), skill evaluation.

Methods:
A competency framework for EDCs and a tool for evaluation of the competency level (EDC-SET) was designed, along with scripts for emulating realistic counselling scenarios. Independent assessors were trained on using EDC-SET and evaluated EDCs participating in role-plays based on the pre-designed scripts. EDCs were briefed a priori on the EDC-SET but not on the role play scripts which were used during evaluation.

Results:
We piloted the tool at a tertiary eye hospital, and it was found to capture EDC competency reliably. The study evaluated seven EDCs each assessed by two independent assessors. Conformity, kappa, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were calculated to estimate the parameter‐wise reliability of the EDC‐SET. The results suggest that the scores from both assessors closely matched for most of the parameters, and overall, their ratings showed moderate agreement. The difficulty level of each parameter as assessed by the two assessors was also calculated. It was observed that most participants found “Initiation of the Case” and “Empathy and Emotional Support” challenging. However, “Body Language,” “Cultural Awareness,” and “Attentiveness to Family Dynamics” were perceived as relatively easy or not difficult by participants.

Conclusion:
Evaluation of EDCs using EDC-SET revealed the varying competency levels of EDCs and showed agreement on the evaluation between the assessors. Implementing the EDC‐SET could help standardise the mapping and measurement of the skill set of EDCs, thereby enhancing their performance and reducing corneal blindness in India.
Trends in keratoplasty from central and Northern India. Part I: Indications for keratoplasty
Authors: Parmar Gautam , Chatterjee Samrat , Kapur Neha , Gomase Sharad N , Khurana Ashi , Borde Prashant , Acharya Manisha , Sangwan Virendra S , Majumdar Atanu 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To report the indications for keratoplasty and analyze trends in two decades in India.

Methods:
This was a retrospective review of eye bank registries of six tertiary eye care centers located in central and northern India from 2005 to 2021. The patterns of corneal pathology and changes in trends were analyzed.

Results:
Between 2005 and 2021, 13223 corneal grafts were performed in the six collaborating tertiary eye care centers. The most common indication for keratoplasty in both decades was corneal ulcer (41.1%), followed by corneal scar (25.5%), failed graft (12.0%), post-cataract surgery corneal edema (11.7%), corneal dystrophies (3.1%), corneal ectasia (1.8%), corneal trauma (0.3%), congenital corneal opacity (0.3%), and others (4.1%). An increasing trend was seen in corneal ulcers, failed grafts, and keratoconus. A reducing trend was seen in corneal scar and aphakic bullous keratopathy. There was no change in pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.

Conclusion:
Corneal ulcers, corneal scars, failed grafts, and post-cataract surgery corneal edema remained the foremost indications for keratoplasty in two decades in India. An increasing trend was seen in corneal ulcers and failed grafts which are of concern as these indications carry a poorer outcome. Capacity building in lamellar keratoplasty techniques is the need of the hour as pseudophakic bullous keratopathy was an important indication, and an increasing trend was noticed in keratoconus.
Long-term outcomes of tailored stromal expansion with refractive lenticule for crosslinking thin corneas
Authors: Sachdev Gitansha S , Thulasidas Mithun , Sachdev Mahipal S 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To assess the long-term safety and stability of visual outcomes following the modified technique of collagen crosslinking (CXL) using refractive lenticule in eyes with thin corneas (<400 µm) and progressive keratoconus.

Setting:
A tertiary eye care hospital in India.

Design:
Prospective, interventional case series.

Methods:
Eyes with progressive keratoconus and thin corneas (<400 µm) underwent CXL with intraoperative stromal augmentation using a refractive lenticule obtained from small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Preoperative and postoperative evaluation (3 months, and then yearly thereafter) included corneal tomography (Oculus Pentacam), uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA, respectively), manifest refraction, and endothelial cell count (specular microscopy), and adverse events, if any, were noted. The patients were followed up for a period of 5 years.

Results:
Seven eyes were included in the analysis. Mean corneal flattening of -4.29 D was noted from preoperative maximum keratometry (P = 0.018). An improvement in UDVA and CDVA of 0.38 logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) and 0.36 logMAR, respectively, was noted at 5 years postoperative visit. Four eyes demonstrated a gain of two lines in CDVA. Mean spherical equivalent improved from −6.85 D preoperatively to −6.05 D at 5 years postoperatively. Clear demarcation line was noted between 230 to 270 µm on anterior segment optical coherence topography. No significant endothelial cell loss was noted postoperatively.

Conclusion:
Long-term outcomes demonstrated safety and disease stability following lenticule-assisted CXL.
Evaluating the utility of inflammation score in post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis. Results from a prospective study in India. EMS Report #4
Authors: Das Taraprasad , Belenje Akash , Joseph Joveeta , Pandey Suchita , Behera Umesh , Dave Vivek Pravin ,   on behalf of the EMS working group
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To investigate if inflammation score (IS), calculated from the cornea, anterior chamber, iris, and vitreous, indicates endophthalmitis severity.

Methods:
In a prospective study, consecutive adults with a clinical diagnosis of post-cataract endophthalmitis within 6 weeks of surgery were recruited. Patients were allocated to IS-based primary treatment (IS < 10: intravitreal injection and IS ≥ 10: vitrectomy) and randomized to two intravitreal antibiotics combinations (vancomycin + ceftazidime and vancomycin + imipenem). Undiluted vitreous microbiology work-up included culture susceptibility, polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing, and targeted next-generation sequencing.

Results:
The average age of 175 people was 63.4 ± 10.7 years and included 52.6% small incision cataract surgery and 47.4% phacoemulsification surgery. Severe endophthalmitis (IS ≥ 20), diagnosed in 27.4% of people, had a shorter time to symptoms (average 5.4 vs 8.7 days; P = 0.018), poorer presenting vision (all ≤ hand motion), higher culture positivity (50% vs 30.7%; P = 0.032), and higher Gram-negative bacterial infection (70.8% vs 46.2%; P = 0.042). For IS ≥ 20 discriminant and Gram-negative infection, Spearman’s coefficient was 0.7 [P < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59–0.82], with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9 (95% CI 0.85–0.94, P < 0.0001), a Youden index J of 0.74, a sensitivity of 87.2%, and a specificity of 87.5%. The final vision of >20/400 and >20/100 was regained in 50.2% and 29.1% of people, respectively. The susceptibility of common Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli was the highest for vancomycin (95.0%) and colistin (88.6%), respectively. NGS detected polymicrobial infection in 88.5% of culture-negative endophthalmitis.

Conclusions:
Higher inflammation scores indicated severe disease and Gram-negative infection in post-cataract endophthalmitis.
Comparative Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Three Different Materials as Barriers to Coronal Microleakage in Root-Filled Teeth: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Jain Mahima S. , Paliwal Mukesh , Sundesha Manish , Almalki Sultan Abdulrahman , Jameel AlBandary H. Al , Gowdar Inderjit M. , Arya Sugandha 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To compare the sealing ability of three different materials when used as postendodontic restoration barriers to coronal microleakage in root-filled teeth.

Materials and Methods:
In the present study, 60 single-rooted mandibular premolars with single canals were selected. After endodontic treatment was done with protaper files, they were divided into three groups of 20 teeth each, which were restored with Zirconomer (Group I), Hi-Dense (Group II), and Surefil composite (Group III), respectively. After storing in artificial saliva for 10 days, all teeth were then immersed in Rhodamine 6G fluorescent dye. Teeth were then sectioned buccolingually in a longitudinal direction. The coronal microleakage was measured in both halves under a fluorescence microscope and images were taken with a digital camera. Data obtained from the study in the form of scoring as per specific criteria was subjected to statistical analysis.

Result:
Results of the study showed that the minimum amount of coronal microleakage was seen in Group II restored with Hi-Dense followed by Group III restored with Surefil Composite and the maximum amount of coronal microleakage was seen in Group I restored with Zirconomer.

Conclusion:
On the basis of the results of the present study, it may be concluded that Hi-Dense showed better coronal sealing ability in access cavities. Surefil composite exhibited coronal microleakage less than Zirconomer but more than Hi-Dense.
Preoperative Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Perforation Peritonitis
Authors: Raj Dheeraj , Singh Yogita , Kumar Chandan , Rathore Abhishek Singh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Perforation peritonitis is the most common surgical emergency in India. Despite advances in surgical techniques, antimicrobial therapy and intensive care support, management of peritonitis continues to be highly demanding, difficult and complex. The spectrum of etiology of perforation continues to be different from that of western countries and there is paucity of data from India regarding it’s etiology, prognostic indicators, morbidity and mortality patterns.

Aims and Objective:
Our research sought to show the variety of perforation peritonitis that we encountered at the LLRM Medical College and Hospital Meerut as Despite the fact that perforation peritonitis has implications that contemporary surgeons cannot avoid but by applying preoperative predictors effectively, they can diagnose a patient’s condition and reduce the mortality burden on society.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy consecutive patients admitted to LLRM MEDICAL COLLEGE MEERUT with perforation peritonitis, of age more than 12 years scheduled for emergency laparotomy were studied prospectively. The parameters studied were age and sex of the patients, history of chronic smoking ,duration of symptoms, SBP, pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation on presentation ,delay in initiating surgical intervention, and preoperative biochemical parameters such as hemoglobin and serum creatinine. In-hospital mortality was taken as the outcome.

Results:
We encountered a mortality of 24.28% in our study. Multiple linear (enter) regression identified the age, duration of symptoms, SBP on presentation, SPO2 on presentation respiratory rate on presentation, serum creatinine levels, and the delay in instituting surgical intervention as independent predictors of mortality.

Conclusion:
Routine biochemical investigations, delay in presentation and surgical intervention are good predictors of mortality. Recognizing such patients early with risk stratification and providing early goal-directed therapy can improve the outcome.
A Prospective Study on Efficacy of Foam Sclerotherapy in the Management of Varicose Vein
Authors: Dwivedi Surjeet Kumar , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Kumar Lanka Praveen , Sinha Chandan , Dwivedi Sabita 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Varicose vein is a common problem. It affects 10%–20% of the population in the Western world, but in India, its incidence is around 5%. There are 150,000 new cases diagnosed each year, with an estimated cost of half a billion dollars annually for their care. There is no single treatment that fits all. Foam sclerotherapy (FST) is one of the proven modalities of treatment for varicose veins. It has the advantage of being minimally invasive, office procedure, cheap, and faster return to work. However, its efficacy and outcomes vary in various studies. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of FST in the management of varicose veins.

Materials and Methods:
This was a prospective observational study, which was conducted between August 1, 2016, and February 28, 2018, at a multispecialty armed forces hospital. In this, the clinical profile of patients with varicose veins and the effectiveness of FST as a treatment modality was studied in 36 patients. All patients underwent FST with polidocanol (ASKLEROL), 3%, 60 mg/2 mL, under strict asepsis and ultrasound (USG) guidance and they were followed up for 1 year.

Results:
FST revealed high patient satisfaction quotient (87%), improved quality of life, and primary success in 93% of patients on Doppler USG (DUS), less postprocedural analgesia requirement, and faster return to work.

Conclusion:
USG-guided FST is a safe, fast, and effective modality of treatment for varicose veins and seems to be more beneficial especially for smaller, recurrent, and remnant varicosities.
Revving Up Risk: The Surge of Superbikes in India and its Impact on Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: Bhatacharya Sudip , Kumar Vishal 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In 2021, India recorded over 412,000 accidents, causing nearly 154,000 deaths, with the 18-45 age groups being most affected. The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has implemented various measures, including vehicle and road improvements, educational campaigns, and the 2019 Motor Vehicle (Amendment) Act. They’re also employing technology like Integrated Road Accident Database (iRAD) and e-Detailed Accident Report (eDAR) for real-time accident analysis. The subsequent section highlights the significant growth of the luxury motorcycle market in India. Factors driving this include rising disposable income, a shift in perception of superbikes as a lifestyle statement, expanded exposure through events and media, enhanced dealership networks, and customization options. The popularity of long-distance touring and adventure riding further fuels this trend. However, a disparity exists between the rise of superbikes and road development. Poor road conditions, traffic congestion, and a lack of safety measures hinder the riding experience. Additionally, limited access to remote areas and insufficient road safety education contribute to the problem. The anticipated issue is the escalating rate of road accidents, with vulnerable road users at heightened risk. The report also outlines common injuries from motorcycle accidents, ranging from head injuries to psychological trauma. The way forward advocates for cautious riding in India, given existing road conditions. Manufacturers are urged to promote road safety, provide insurance, and collaborate with organizations for road maintenance. Riders pursuing adventure or off-road experiences should prioritize safety by appropriately equipping their superbikes. At a policy level, initiatives like roadside warnings and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training for traffic police can significantly enhance road safety. Overall, synchronized development between high-end superbikes and road infrastructure is crucial to curbing further casualties and disabilities in India.
Higher dimensional algebraic fiberings for pro-p groups
Authors: Kochloukova Dessislava H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe prove some conditions for higher-dimensional algebraic fibering of pro-p group extensions, and we establish corollaries about incoherence of pro-p groups. In particular, if
$1 \to K \to G \to \Gamma \to 1$
is a short exact sequence of pro-p groups, such that
$\Gamma $
contains a finitely generated, non-abelian, free pro-p subgroup, K a finitely presented pro-p group with N a normal pro-p subgroup of K such that
$K/ N \simeq \mathbb {Z}_p$
and N not finitely generated as a pro-p group, then G is incoherent (in the category of pro-p groups). Furthermore, we show that if K is a finitely generated, free pro-p group with
$d(K) \geq 2$
, then either
$\mathrm{Aut}_0(K)$
is incoherent (in the category of pro-p groups) or there is a finitely presented pro-p group, without non-procyclic free pro-p subgroups, that has a metabelian pro-p quotient that is not finitely presented, i.e., a pro-p version of a result of Bieri–Strebel does not hold.
Symmetric and antisymmetric tensor products for the function-theoretic operator theorist
Authors: Garcia Stephan Ramon , O’Loughlin Ryan , Yu Jiahui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe study symmetric and antisymmetric tensor products of Hilbert-space operators, focusing on norms and spectra for some well-known classes favored by function-theoretic operator theorists. We pose many open questions that should interest the field.
Riesgo de transmisión de citomegalovirus congénito en el área norte de Madrid
Authors: De la Calle Fernández-Miranda Maria , Fierro Alonso Angela , Pellicer Espinosa Irene , Bartha Rasero Jose Luis 
Published: December 2023

Introducción: El citomegalovirus (CMV) es la causa más común de infección congénita en los países desarrollados. La avidez de CMV-IgG puede ser útil para el manejo de la gestación.
Método: Estudio retrospectivo de gestantes con CMV-IgM+ e IgG+ en el primer trimestre del embarazo controladas en el Hospital La Paz (Madrid) entre 2018 y 2022.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 98 gestantes. La avidez de CMV-IgG fue baja en 63 casos (64%). Se realizó amniocentesis en 62 casos y 12 (19,3%) tuvieron CMV-PCR positiva e infección fetal. Cinco recién nacidos presentaron síntomas al nacer (7,9%). Entre las gestantes con alta avidez (n=35), se realizó amniocentesis en 19 (54%), siendo todas negativas y teniendo todos PCR de CMV en orina negativa al nacimiento. El riesgo de transmisión vertical fue significativamente menor en comparación con las gestantes con baja avidez de IgG (p<0,0001).
Conclusiones: En el área Norte de Madrid, la mayoría de las infecciones por CMV son primoinfecciones. El riesgo de CMV congénito es muy bajo cuando la avidez de IgG es alta (reactivación o enfermedad latente) en el primer trimestre.
GENRE AND STYLE SEARCHES OF OSSETIAN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE OF THE LATE XX – EARLY XXI CENTURY
Authors: БРИТАЕВА А.Б. 
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена жанровому и стилевому развитию осетинской детской литературы конца XX – начала XXI в. как неотъемлемой части осетинской художественной словесности. В работе обзорно рассматриваются процессы, происходящие в различных жанрах: авторской сказке, повести, малых прозаических жанрах, поэзии, драматургии, в переводной литературе. Особое внимание уделяется новаторским явлениям и преемственности традиций в развитии детской литературы, ее познавательному и воспитательному потенциалу. Цель исследования – представить состояние, особенности развития и жанровое многообразие осетинской детской литературы на современном этапе. Актуальность изыскания обусловлена необходимостью анализа процессов, происходящих в осетинской детской литературе. Научная новизна работы определяется тем, что впервые вводятся в научный оборот имена большинства упоминаемых современных, а также новые произведения известных авторов. Опираясь на социологический и культурологический методы, предполагающие изучение литературы в тесной связи ее социальными и культурными процессами, явлениями в обществе, мы попытались на достаточно обширном материале представить динамику развития осетинской детской литературы во всем ее жанровом многообразии. В ходе предпринятого исследования обобщаются тенденции развития осетинской детской литературы на рубеже XX и XXI веков. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при написании истории осетинской детской литературы.
The article is devoted to the genre and style development of Ossetian children's literature of the late XX – early XXI centuriy, as an integral part of Ossetian literary literature. The work reviews the processes taking place in various genres: the author's fairy tale, novella, small prose genres, poetry, drama, translated literature. Special attention is paid to innovative phenomena and continuity of traditions in the development of children's literature, its cognitive and educational potential. The purpose of the study is to present the state, features of development and genre diversity of Ossetian children's literature at the present stage. The relevance of the research is due to the need to analyze the processes taking place in Ossetian children's literature. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that for the first time the names of the majority of the mentioned modern ones, as well as new works by famous authors, are introduced into scientific circulation. Relying on sociological and culturological methods involving the study of literature in close connection with its social and cultural processes, phenomena in society, we have tried to present the dynamics of the development of Ossetian children's literature in all its genre diversity on an extensive material. In the course of the undertaken research, the trends in the development of Ossetian children's literature at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries are summarized. The results of the study can be used in writing the history of Ossetian children's literature.
Gydytojų odontologų ir jų padėjėjų bendravimo ypatumai
Authors: Barsevičienė Šarūnė , Paulauskienė Viktorija , Holland Kristina 
Published: December 2023

Summary. Effective teamwork requires communication and cooperation among team members, exchange of various knowledge, information [1]. Communication skills (both verbal and non-verbal) of dentists and their assistants with a patient, colleague or other healthcare professional are considered the basis of their professionalism [2].
Research aim – is to reveal the peculiarities of professional communication between dentists and their assistants.
Research methods: qualitative research - semi-structured interview method and content analysis.
Research results and conclusions. During the research it was established that effective communication between dentists and their assistants leads to good work results and work productivity. Poor communication leads to communicational problems and miscommunication. Based on the results of the theoretical analysis and empirical research conducted in the study, the model of communication between dentists and their assistants reveals that in order to achieve effective communication, dentists must recognize the importance of the professional role of their assistants, be tolerant, and dentists' assistants must strengthen their professional role and be able to adapt. It is also very important that both dentists and their assistants understand the importance of effective communication and that effective communication means not only sharing information, but also establishing good interpersonal relationships.