bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiochemical properties of hemp extract (Cannabis sativa L) inflorescences grown in Northern Alabama
Authors: Dudley Aaron , Kassama Lamin , Jackson‐Davis Armitra , Kuang Xianyan , Cebert Ernst 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMedicinal plants are an excellent source of bioactive components and are gaining significant attention for food protection due to their bioactive properties. In this context, hemp (Cannabis sp.) is being explored for such applications because of its well‐known antibacterial and antioxidant activities. However, the bioactive efficacy of cultivars currently grown in Northern Alabama has not been widely studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of two hemp cultivars (Hemp 5 and Hemp 17). Hemp inflorescences grown at the Winfred Thomas Agricultural Research Station were used in this study. The antioxidant activity and content of the extracts were determined by ferric reducing antioxidant power, radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content. Antibacterial activity against cocktails of Listeria monocytogenes (LM) and Salmonella enterica (SE) was evaluated by optical density and disc diffusion. All treatments were analyzed in triplicate, and analysis of variance was conducted with statistical significance based on p ≤ 0.05. Results indicated that cultivars and defatting significantly affected (p ≤ 0.05) the antioxidant properties, with Hemp 17 DF (defatted) having the highest RSA (70.51 ± 4.24%) compared to the positive control of ascorbic acid (83.81 ± 5.85%). Antibacterial results based on optical density indicated that hemp extracts had a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower optical density compared to the negative controls (LM and SE). These findings suggest that Northern Alabama hemp cultivars can potentially be utilized to enhance food safety and quality.Practical ApplicationNorthern Alabama cultivars of hemp extract can be utilized for the enhancement of the safety and quality application due to inherent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.
Smart packaging films based on gelatin/κ‐carrageenan integrated with gromwell root extract rich in shikonin and carbon dots for real‐time monitoring of shrimp freshness
Authors: Murugan Gokulprasanth , Khan Ajahar , Priyadarshi Ruchir , Nilsuwan Krisana , Benjakul Soottawat , Rhim Jong‐Whan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMultifunctional pH‐responsive gelatin/κ‐carrageenan (GC) blend films containing gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon [LE]) root ethanolic extract (LE‐EE) rich in shikonin or shikonin rich extract (SRE) and carbon dots (LE carbon dots [LE‐CDs]) were prepared and characterized. The hydrothermal method was adopted for the synthesis of LE‐CDs, which displayed a blue color under UV light. The obtained LE‐CDs possessed exceptional UV barrier, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The enhanced activities were recorded when the level of LE‐CDs upsurged (p < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results revealed the typical morphology and chemical composition of LE‐CDs. LE‐CDs of 1 and 3% (w/w) were incorporated as the active fillers along with SRE into the GC blend film by the solvent casting method. Developed films showed a slight decrease in tensile and water vapor barrier properties with the inclusion of both additives. Color and opaqueness of the film became darker as the additives were incorporated, whereas the thermal property was greatly enhanced. Film containing 3% LE‐CDs blocked UV‐A and UV‐B by 93.30 and 99.81%, respectively. GC/SRE/3%CD film exhibited strong radical scavenging and antibacterial activities against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli, in which the growth was terminated after 12 h. Film had a pH‐dependent color change, depending on various pH levels (2–12). Shrimp freshness could be monitored as indicated by the shift to bluish color after 48 h. Therefore, this finding indicated that incorporating biomass‐derived CDs and natural colorants into biopolymer films, especially GC blend films, could offer diverse strategies for maintaining safety and prolonging shelf life in response to the growing need for smart packaging for food applications.
The co‐fermentation of Actinomucor elegans and Monascus purpureus for the production of meat flavor with soybean protein
Authors: Yang Xuelian , Zhang Rui , Qin Zichun , Yao Jintao , Zhang Tianxin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study aimed to prepare meat flavor essence through Monascus purpureus and Actinomucor elegans co‐fermentation. The optimal fermentation conditions were determined based on the changes in physicochemical properties during the fermentation process, combined with sensory evaluation. Subsequently, the flavor components of the meat flavor essence were analyzed through solid phase microextraction after undergoing the Maillard reaction from the fermentation broth. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis identified 62 volatile compounds, among which 25 aroma‐active substances were detected by aroma extraction dilution analysis/gas chromatography–olfactometry. By calculating the odor activity values (OAVs), seven aroma‐active compounds with OAVs > 1 were identified as the most significant contributors to the aroma. Through aroma reconstitution and omission experiments, the accuracy of these key flavor compounds was verified, elucidating each substance's contribution to the essence's overall aroma. This study serves as a foundation for future investigations into the correlation between the flavor of fermented flavorings and their precursor substances, optimizing the mixed‐culture fermentation process and enhancing the quality of meat flavor essences.
Mechanisms Associated With Renal Injury in Hyperuricemia and Strategies for the Development of Natural Active Substances
Authors: Lv Wanping , Chen Huixiang , Zhou Pan , Du Aihua , Lei Yu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic condition resulting from an abnormality in the process of purine metabolism. Its occurrence has been on the rise globally. The results of relevant studies show that 5% to 12% of HUA patients will eventually develop gout, and one‐third of these patients may involve the kidneys and develop kidney disease. Although the severe renal health hazards associated with excessive uric acid levels are well known, the specific molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Therefore, this paper provides insights into the mechanisms and related chain reactions of HUA leading to renal injury from three perspectives: imbalance of intestinal homeostasis, oxidative stress response, and NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, standing against the background of the strong side effects and high tolerability disadvantages of commercially available uric acid‐lowering drugs such as allopurinol, benzbromarone, and febuxostat, the development of a new active anti‐hyperuricemic drug with fewer side effects is justified. This article reviews the progress of research on natural actives (probiotics, dietary polyphenols, peptides) with a high safety profile, multi‐targeting, and integrative modulatory effects, in an attempt to provide some ideas for drug developers.
Facilitators and Barriers to Physical Activity for Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Lee Annabel Zhi Yan , Woon Ting Hui , Wang Charmaine Tze May , Kwan Yu Heng , Fong Warren 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPhysical activity is important in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Current literature suggests they engage in less physical activity compared to healthy controls. Reasons for this discrepancy has not been well studied in Asian populations. We aimed to understand facilitators and barriers to physical activity in patients with RA and axSpA using the validated Inflammatory arthritis FAcilitators and Barriers (IFAB) questionnaire.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study from 2020 to 2021 and enrolled patients diagnosed with RA and axSpA. Demographics, disease activity, comorbidities, facilitators, barriers and levels of physical activity were collected. Mean time on recreational activity, facilitators and barriers were listed.ResultsWe enrolled 222 patients (109 RA, 113 axSpA). Mean (SD) age was 48.4 (14.8) years and 42.3% were males. Of all patients, 66.7% met the WHO recommendations on physical activity for health and percentage was similar between patients with RA and axSpA. Mean time spent on recreational‐related activities was higher in patients with axSpA. Top three barriers to physical activity included lack of motivation (46.8%), level of symptoms (44.6%) and weather conditions (29.7%). Facilitators included knowledge of the benefits of physical activity for health (68.9%), mood (56.3%), and confidence on how to exercise safely (54.5%).ConclusionOverall, the facilitators and barriers to physical activity were similar between patients with RA and axSpA. Physicians could address some of these factors during consultations to promote and encourage more physical activity.
Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Diathermy Plume
Authors: Warren Lachlan J. , Krishnan Suren 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPlume from surgical diathermy systems is recognised as a hazard to healthcare providers but is often ignored during ambulatory care procedures. The development of a squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in a dermatologist, despite the absence of recognised risk factors, prompted this review and recommendations for change in procedural practices.
Introducing Twin Transitions in Family Businesses: A Triple‐Bottom‐Line Perspective
Authors: Colapinto Cinzia , Masé Stefania 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the twin transition in family businesses, examining the parallel development of digital technologies and sustainable business practices, both of which are part of the current European agenda for a more sustainable future. While not widely recognised for their investments in disruptive innovation and digitalisation, family businesses (FBs) are more inclined to perform incremental changes, often driven by a longstanding commitment to sustainability and collaboration with internal and external stakeholders. This contrast makes them an ideal subject for a more in‐depth exploration of these transformative trends. The aim of this study is to adopt a broader perspective in twin‐transition analysis, incorporating social and economic performance alongside environmental sustainability in relation to digital transformation. Therefore, we establish a connection between the triple‐bottom‐line (TBL) approach and digital innovation in the unique reality of FBs. Our research approach is based on interviews conducted across multiple studies that explore FB dynamics and digitalisation in different industries and countries, supplemented by insights from secondary data. We analyse data through a directed qualitative content analysis. By adopting a broader perspective on sustainability—shifting from an exclusive focus on the environmental dimension to a TBL approach—our findings position FBs as key players in the twin transition, excelling at both addressing sustainability challenges and fostering digital innovation. These companies should prioritise aligning their strategies with equitable, viable and bearable principles in line with the TBL approach by fostering socio‐emotional wealth, engaging younger generations in digital innovation and implementing work–life balance initiatives that enhance employee satisfaction and sustainability. Most of these strategies can also be replicated by non‐family businesses, establishing FBs as exemplary leaders in the twin‐transition journey.
What could be? Depends on who you ask: Using latent profile analysis and natural language processing to identify the different types and content of utopian visions
Authors: Lizzio‐Wilson Morgana , Thomas Emma F. , Wenzel Michael , Haines Emily , Stevens Jesse , Fighera Daniel , Williams Patrick , Arthurson Samuel , Osborne Danny , Skitka Linda J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWhen people think of a utopian future, what do they imagine? We examined (a) whether people's self‐generated utopias differ by how much they criticize, seek to change or escape from an undesirable present; and (b) whether these distinct types of utopian thinking predict system‐critical attitudes and intentions to change the status quo. Participants (N = 509) wrote about a future where a social issue they supported was resolved (e.g. economic inequality and climate change). Latent profile analysis revealed a subgroup of change‐oriented utopian thinkers with lower system satisfaction and higher action intentions than the other two subgroups. Unexpectedly, the remaining profiles imagined ominous (dystopian thinkers) or ‘neutral’ (ambivalent future thinkers) futures and expressed mixed social change support. Computerized linguistic analyses further revealed that dystopian thinkers used more hopelessness‐related language than change‐oriented utopian thinkers. Ambivalent future thinkers were as ‘hopeless’ as dystopian thinkers but, like change‐oriented utopian thinkers, used more fairness‐related language. Thus, change‐oriented utopian thinkers distinctly imagined a fairer—and possible—future. These results illustrate heterogeneity in how people imagine the future of their societies on specific issues. Critically, the features of these visions predict system‐critical attitudes and a willingness to agitate for change.
Characterisation of neurogenic lipolytic responses in white adipose tissue ex vivo
Authors: Goddard Kayleigh E. , Fountain Samuel J. 
Published: February 2025

Background and PurposeDysfunction of the autonomic nervous system is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction, including metabolic syndrome and obesity. Understanding mechanisms of neurogenic control of white adipose tissue is key to understanding adipose physiology and pathophysiology, though there is limited research exploring this in adipose tissue using pharmacological tools, as opposed to genetic knockout models.Experimental ApproachInguinal white adipose tissue from C57BL/6J mice was used in this study. We used immunocytochemistry to determine tissue innervation and glycerol release assays to quantify lipolysis in adipose tissue and isolated adipocytes. The voltage‐gated Na+ channel opener veratridine was used to stimulate nervous activity in tissue ex vivo. The role of neurotransmitters and receptors mediating veratridine‐evoked lipolysis in adipose tissue was pharmacologically characterised.Key ResultsVeratridine evoked glycerol release in white adipose tissue but not from isolated adipocytes. This release was abolished by tetrodotoxin and propranolol. Veratridine also induced noradrenaline release from white adipose tissue. Veratridine‐ and noradrenaline‐evoked glycerol release was blocked by the β2‐adrenoceptor antagonist ICI‐118551 but not by the β1‐adrenoceptor antagonist CGP 20712A. Purported β3‐adrenoceptor antagonists L‐748337 and SR59230A stimulated glycerol release from tissue and from isolated adipocytes. Neither L‐748337 or SR59230A antagonised veratridine‐evoked glycerol release but SR59230A antagonised noradrenaline‐evoked glycerol release. We exclude contributions of sensory neuropeptides and the autonomic neurotransmitters neuropeptide Y and ATP.Conclusion and ImplicationsNeurogenic lipolytic responses can be measured in white adipose tissue ex vivo using veratridine to stimulate nerve activity. The lipolytic responses are mediated by β2‐adrenoceptor activation. This study provides the first evidence of neurogenic lipolysis in tissue ex vivo.
Accuracy of a Cascade Network for Semi‐Supervised Maxillary Sinus Detection and Sinus Cyst Classification
Authors: Guo Xueqi , Huang Zelun , Huang Jieying , Wei Jialing , Li Yongshan , Zheng Haoran , Zhao Shiyong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveMaxillary sinus mucosal cysts represent prevalent oral and maxillofacial diseases, and their precise diagnosis is essential for surgical planning in maxillary sinus floor elevation. This study aimed to develop a deep learning‐based pipeline for the classification of maxillary sinus lesions in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images to provide auxiliary support for clinical diagnosis.MethodsThis study utilized 45 136 maxillary sinus images from CBCT scans of 541 patients. A cascade network was designed, comprising a semi‐supervised maxillary sinus area object detection module and a maxillary sinus lesions classification module. The object detection module employed a semi‐supervised pseudo‐labelling training strategy to expand the maxillary sinus annotation dataset. In the classification module, the performance of Convolutional Neural Network and Transformer architectures was compared for maxillary sinus mucosal lesion classification. The object detection and classification modules were evaluated using metrics including Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 score, and Average Precision, with the object detection module additionally assessed using Precision‐Recall Curve.ResultsThe fully supervised pseudo‐label generation model achieved an average accuracy of 0.9433, while the semi‐supervised maxillary sinus detection model attained 0.9403. ResNet‐50 outperformed in classification, with accuracies of 0.9836 (sagittal) and 0.9797 (coronal). Grad‐CAM visualization confirmed accurate focus on clinically relevant lesion features.ConclusionThe proposed pipeline achieves high‐precision detection and classification of maxillary sinus mucosal lesions, reducing manual annotation while maintaining accuracy.
Outcome of Single Dental Implants Over 38–40 Years: A Long‐Term Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Barkarmo Sargon , Kowar Jan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis is a comprehensive, long‐term follow‐up study of single‐implant treatments. At the Brånemark Clinic in Gothenburg, Sweden, during the period of 1982–1985, 16 patients received single‐tooth implants.ObjectiveThis study evaluates the survival rate of the implants after nearly four decades, focusing on the biological and technical complications.MethodsOf the original 16 patients with a total of 23 implants, 13 patients with 18 implants were available for the follow‐up and were included in the study. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed on these patients.ResultsThe cumulative survival rates were 95.6% for the implants and 60.9% for the implant‐supported crowns after 38–40 years in function. The marginal bone level changes were 0.9 ± 1.0 mm (range, −0.5─3.0 mm) over the follow‐up period.The frequency of biological complications was low; although mucositis was common, no cases of peri‐implantitis were observed. The mean plaque index was 16.9% ± 11.6% (range, 1%─34%) and the mean probing depth around the implants was 3.8 ± 2.2 mm (range, 0.0─7.0 mm). Few technical complications were observed, although many of the original implant‐supported crowns had been replaced for esthetic reasons.ConclusionThe findings emphasize the importance of long‐term follow‐up in implant dentistry, particularly for younger patients, to improve understanding of potential complications and the longevity of treatment outcomes. Overall, single‐tooth implants have a favorable long‐term prognosis, though crown replacement may eventually be necessary.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contents in Soil Organic Matter Fractions Along an Elevation Gradient in the French Alps
Authors: Marchal Lise , Garcia‐Franco Noelia , Gateuille David , Colocho Hurtarte Luis Carlos , Just Christopher , Naffrechoux Emmanuel , Wiesmeier Martin , Poulenard Jérôme 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous persistent organic pollutants that accumulate in soils because of their high affinity for soil organic matter (SOM). As these pollutants are toxic to humans and the environment, a better understanding of their fate in the environment is required. This study aimed to assess the PAH distribution within soils according to different soil fractions: the free particulate organic matter (fPOM), the occluded particulate organic matter (oPOM) and the mineral‐associated organic matter (MaOM). PAH contents were measured in bulk soils and SOM fractions of alpine soils along an elevation gradient in the French Alps (Lautaret) from 1920 m to 2840 m a.s.l. A specific PAH distribution was identified, with highest PAH contents in the oPOM, followed by the fPOM, then the MaOM. Organic matter (OM) contents of each fraction can partly explain this distribution, but results of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy on fPOM and oPOM also highlighted a correlation between the PAH contents and the degree of decomposition of SOM. This indicates that the PAH distribution may be linked to the formation and transformation of fractions: (i) PAHs in the fPOM correspond to relatively recent deposits and mainly reflect the background contamination, (ii) in the oPOM are the PAHs that resist biodegradation during the transformation of fPOM into oPOM and accumulate in the oPOM; this accumulation may be further enhanced by the formation of aggregates. Finally, (iii) in the MaOM, the lower PAH contents can be explained by the different formation pathway of this fraction and its high degree of decomposition. As the PAH distribution may have an impact on their dynamics in soils, it should be taken into consideration in future research.
Placement of custom‐made full tracheal length stents in Miniature Horses for treatment of collapsing trachea
Authors: Watkins A. R. , Clarke D. L. , Morris T. , Parente E. 
Published: February 2025

SummaryThis report describes the placement of custom‐designed intraluminal self‐expanding nitinol stents spanning the entire length of the trachea for the treatment of tracheal collapse in two Miniature Horses. Both horses underwent an initial anaesthetic event for tracheal length and diameter measurements performed fluoroscopically at inspiratory pressures of 20 and 30 cm H2O. Once the stents were available, a second anaesthetic event was performed for the fluoroscopic guided placement of the stents. The first case was found dead 36 days after stent placement; necropsy showed proliferative, obstructive, granulation tissue at the cranial extent of the stent. The second case survived for 2 years following stent placement without any further surgical intervention before ultimately being euthanised due to short and infrequent bouts of respiratory distress of unknown aetiology. This is the first description of full‐length intraluminal nitinol stenting of the trachea in two Miniature Horses for tracheal collapse. This technique may be an improvement on the use of multiple short tracheal stents; however, more cases are needed to determine which animals will benefit most from the procedure, as well as guide sizing, position and placement techniques to optimise outcome.