bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Businesses mobilize production through markets: Parametric modeling of path‐dependent outcomes in oriented network flows
Authors: White Harrison C. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractBusiness is modeled as interlocking social constructions that emerge in mobilizing differentiated production flows amidst uncertainty. The model is stochastic, nonlinear, and sited in a network ecology for identities that have come to share a discourse which itself recognizes embeddings in distinct levels of firm, market, and sector. Three counterintuitive findings are emphasized: competitive markets can be viable for increasing returns to scale; effects of substitutability/saturation are opposite for different sorts of competititive markets; and markets orient to flow uncertainty. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Directly measuring early exercise premiums using American and European S&P 500 Index options
Authors: Dueker Michael , Miller Thomas W. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe Chicago Board Options Exchange concurrently listed European‐style and American‐style options
on the Standard and Poor's 500 Index from April 2, 1986 through June 20, 1986. This unique time period allows
for a direct measurement of the early exercise premium in American‐style index options. In this study,
using ask quotes, we find average early exercise premiums ranging from 5.04 to 5.90% for calls, and from
7.97 to 10.86% for puts. Additionally, we are able to depict a potentially useful functional form of the
early exercise premium. As in previous studies, we find some instances of negative early exercise premiums.
However, a trading simulation shows that traders must be able to trade within the bid–ask spread to profit
from these apparent arbitrage opportunities. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 23:287–313,
2003
The quality of volatility traded on the over‐the‐counter currency market: A multiple horizons study
Authors: Covrig Vicentiu , Low Buen Sin 
Published: January 2003

AbstractPrevious studies of the quality of market‐forecasted volatility have used the volatility that is implied
by exchange‐traded option prices. The use of implied volatility in estimating the market view of future
volatility has suffered from variable measurement errors, such as the non‐synchronization of option and
underlying asset prices, the expiration‐day effect, and the volatility smile effect. This study circumvents
these problems by using the quoted implied volatility from the over‐the‐counter (OTC)
currency option market, in which traders quote prices in terms of volatility. Furthermore, the OTC currency
options have daily quotes for standard maturities, which allows the study to look at the market's ability to
forecast future volatility for different horizons. The study finds that quoted implied volatility subsumes the
information content of historically based forecasts at shorter horizons, and the former is as good as the latter
at longer horizons. These results are consistent with the argument that measurement errors have a substantial
effect on the implied volatility estimator and the quality of the inferences that are based on it. © 2003
Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 23:261–285, 2003
Late Pleistocene and Holocene coastal palaeoeconomies: A reconsideration of the molluscan evidence from northern Spain
Authors: Bailey Geoff N. , Craighead Alan S. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe worldwide increase in shell midden deposits on coastlines during the Holocene has been variously explained as the result of human population growth, economic intensification, changes in the visibility of midden deposits with changes in sea level, or climatic and environmental changes. Since coastlines are relatively unstable in geological and ecological terms, and since many archaeological sequences span periods of major climatic change, a critical issue is the ability to disentangle palaeoenvironmental from cultural and anthropogenic effects. We draw on a case study from the cave sequences of northern Spain to illustrate the problems and possibilities of palaeoeconomic and palaeoenvironmental interpretation, using studies of palaeogeographical context and analysis of abundance, taxonomic representation, ecological tolerances, size, growth structures, and other physical and chemical characteristics of the molluscs themselves. We demonstrate that the dominant, but by no means exclusive, factor in archaeologically visible long‐term changes in shell‐gathering behavior is environmental change rather than cultural change. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genomic screen for genes involved in mammalian craniofacial development
Authors: Fowles Lindsay F. , Bennetts Jennifer S. , Berkman Jennifer L. , Williams Elizabeth , Koopman Peter , Teasdale Rohan D. , Wicking Carol 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSummary: Using a subtractive hybridisation approach, we enriched for genes likely to play a role in embryonic development of the mammalian face and other structures. This was achieved by subtracting cDNA derived from adult mouse liver from that derived from 10.5 dpc mouse embryonic branchial arches 1 and 2. Random sequencing of clones from the resultant library revealed that a high percentage correspond to genes with a previously established role in embryonic development and disease, while 15% represent novel or uncharacterised genes. Whole mount in situ hybridisation analysis of novel genes revealed that approximately 50% have restricted expression during embryonic development. In addition to expression in branchial arches, these genes showed a range of expression domains commonly including neural tube and somites. Notably, all genes analysed were found to be expressed not only in the branchial arches but also in the developing limb buds, providing support for the hypothesis that development of the limbs and face is likely to involve analogous molecular processes. genesis 35:73–87, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of conditional cre recombinase in epithelial tissues of transgenic mice
Authors: Wen Fang , Cecena Grace , Munoz‐Ritchie Varinia , Fuchs Elaine , Chambon Pierre , Oshima Robert G. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSummary: Keratin 18 (K18) expression is a defining characteristic of internal epithelial cells of mammals. Here, we used the K18 gene and an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) to express green fluorescent protein, human placental alkaline phosphatase, and a modified Cre recombinase in an epithelial specific pattern in transgenic mice. The K18‐driven alkaline phosphatase was expressed in liver, kidney, uterine endometrium, and other internal epithelia. The enzymatic activity of the Cre recombinase‐mutant estrogen receptor fusion protein was dependent on tamoxifen administration and resulted in a mosaic pattern in internal epithelia, including bladder, uterus, liver, and kidney. This conditional Cre activity in internal epithelial organs should be valuable for strategies utilizing Cre for activation of gene expression. This study demonstrates that the tissue‐specific, position‐independent transcriptional activity of the K18 gene is not compromised by the use of an IRES element for the expression of a second protein from a bicistronic mRNA. genesis 35:100–106, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oleosin expression and trafficking during oil body biogenesis in tobacco leaf cells
Authors: Wahlroos Tony , Soukka Jori , Denesyuk Alexander , Wahlroos Rina , Korpela Timo , Kilby Nigel J. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSummary: We have established a versatile method for studying the interaction of the oleosin gene product with oil bodies during oil body biogenesis in plants. Our approach has been to transiently express a green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged Arabidopsis oleosin gene fusion in tobacco leaf cells containing bona fide oil bodies and then to monitor oleosin‐GFP expression using real‐time confocal laser scanning microscopy. We show that normally non‐oil‐storing tobacco leaf cells are able to synthesize and then transport oleosin‐GFP fusion protein to leaf oil bodies. Synthesis and transport of oleosin‐GFP fusion protein to oil bodies occurred within the first 6 h posttransformation. Oleosin‐GFP fusion protein exclusively associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and was trafficked in a Golgi‐independent manner at speeds approaching 0.5 μm sec–1 along highly dynamic endoplasmic reticulum positioned over essentially static polygonal cortical endoplasmic reticulum. Our data indicate that oil body biogenesis can occur outside of the embryo and that oleosin‐GFP can be used to monitor early events in oil body biogenesis in real‐time. genesis 35:125–132, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polycomb group proteins ESC and E(Z) are present in multiple distinct complexes that undergo dynamic changes during development
Authors: Furuyama Takehito , Tie Feng , Harte Peter J. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSummary: The Polycomb Group proteins are required for stable long‐term maintenance of transcriptionally repressed states. Two distinct Polycomb Group complexes have been identified, a 2‐MDa PRC1 complex and a 600‐kDa complex containing the ESC and E(Z) proteins together with the histone deacetylase RPD3 and the histone‐binding protein p55. We report here that there are at least two embryonic ESC/E(Z) complexes that undergo dynamic changes during development and a third larval E(Z) complex that forms after disappearance of ESC. We have identified a larger embryonic ESC complex containing RPD3 and p55, along with E(Z), that is present only until mid‐embryogenesis, while the previously identified 600‐kDa ESC/E(Z) complex persists until the end of embryogenesis. Constitutive overexpression of ESC does not promote abnormal persistence of the larger or smaller embryonic complexes and does not delay a dissociation of E(Z) from the smaller ESC complex or delay appearance of the larval E(Z) complex, indicating that these changes are developmentally programmed and not regulated by the temporal profile of ESC itself. Genetic removal of ESC prevents appearance of E(Z) in the smaller embryonic complex, but does not appear to affect formation of the large embryonic ESC complex or the PRC1 complex. We also show that the ESC complex is already bound to chromosomes in preblastoderm embryos and present genetic evidence that ESC is required during this very early period. genesis 35:114–124, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interactions between large macro models and time series analysis
Authors: Granger Clive W.J. , Jeon Yongil 
Published: January 2003

AbstractBuilding large models, with little dynamics, was long considered to be an alternative to small dimensional time series models involving many lags. The advantages of one modelling methodology are compared to others; such as the size of the model, the use of economic theory, and simultaneity in specification. The question of how to evaluate the possible relative advantages of these alternatives is discussed. The conclusion is that in the future, time series models have to become larger, that is, involve more variables and that some lessons can be learnt from the construction of current large econometric models. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resistance index in fetal interlobar renal artery with renal pelvic dilatation up to 10 mm
Authors: Kara Simay Altan , Noyan Volkan , Karadeniz Yasemin , Yücel Aykan , Altınok Deniz , Bayram Merih 
Published: January 2003

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the resistance indices (RIs) in the fetal interlobar renal arteries (IRAs) of third‐trimester fetuses with or without pelvicaliceal dilatation of up to 10 mm and to compare them with those of the full‐term healthy infants.MethodsWomen with uncomplicated, low‐risk, singleton third‐trimester pregnancies were examined sonographically. The RIs in the IRAs were measured in the fetuses, who were stratified into 3 groups according to the anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvic dilatation: group I, no dilatation; group II, 1–5‐mm dilatation, and group III, 6–10‐mm dilatation.ResultsIn total, 178 women were examined. We could study both kidneys in 139 of the fetuses; in the other 39, only 1 kidney could be imaged perfectly. This yielded a total of 317 kidneys. Group I fetuses included 172 (54%); group II, 98 (31%); and group III, 47 (15%) of the kidneys. The mean (± standard deviation) RIs in the IRAs were 0.81 ± 0.09, 0.80 ± 0.07, and 0.80 ± 0.06 in the 3 groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.72). There was also no statistically significant difference between the RIs recorded in the right and left kidneys. The mean RI in the IRAs of the 34 infants who were available for follow‐up 6–12 weeks after delivery was 0.73 ± 0.07, which was significantly less than that recorded in the third‐trimester fetuses (p = 0.005).ConclusionsThe RI in the fetal IRA does not differ in fetuses with and without renal pelvic dilatation of up to 10 mm. Thus, an increase in the RI or an RI that significantly differs between the right and left kidneys should be investigated further for possible renal pathology. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:75–79, 2003
Endothelium and valvular diseases of the heart
Authors: Leask Richard L. , Jain Neelesh , Butany Jagdish 
Published: January 2003

AbstractIt has become increasingly evident that the endothelium plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of valvular heart disease. The endothelium helps regulate vascular tone, inflammation, thrombosis, and vascular remodeling. Dysfunction of the endothelial cells has been linked to many vascular disorders including atherosclerosis. Common valvular diseases such as senile degenerative valve disease, myxomatous (or floppy) valves, rheumatic valves, and infective endocarditis valves show changes in the synthetic, morphologic, and metabolic functions of the valvular endothelial cells. These diseases are active processes related to endothelial cell dysfunction. Endothelial cell dysfunction is caused by mechanical forces, bacterial infection, autoantibodies, and circulating modulators of endothelial cell function. This study reviews the role of endothelial cell dysfunction in the more common valvular diseases. Continued research on endothelial cell dysfunction is crucial to our understanding of valvular heart diseases and may elucidate novel treatment and prevention strategies. Microsc. Res. Tech. 60:129–137, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Von Hippel‐Lindau disease
Authors: Sano Toshiaki , Horiguchi Hidehisa 
Published: January 2003

AbstractVon Hippel‐Lindau (VHL) disease is an uncommon, autosomal dominant hereditary multitumor syndrome caused by germline alterations of the VHL gene, which has been cloned recently and identified as a tumor suppressor gene. The major lesions in VHL disease include hemangioblastomas in the central nervous system and retina, clear cell renal cell carcinomas, pheochromocytomas, pancreatic tumors, epididymal cystadenomas, endolymphatic sac tumors, carcinoid tumors, and multiple cysts of the kidney, pancreas, and epididymis. Compared with sporadic ones, the tumors in VHL disease develop at an earlier age and often multifocally. Histologic features of VHL tumors are characterized by their high degree of vascularization and the presence of a clear cell component. Hypervascularization is induced by overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and because the principal function of VHL protein is the negative regulation of hypoxia‐inducible mRNAs including VEGF mRNA, inactivation of VHL gene plays critical roles in angiogenesis of the VHL tumors. In addition, since VHL protein is also required for the down‐regulation of transcription activity of certain genes for the cell growth and cell cycle, inactivation of VHL gene may contribute to tumorigenesis of the VHL tumors. A significant difference in the frequency of types of VHL gene mutation has been noted among the affected families, known as the genotype‐phenotype correlations. Microsc. Res. Tech. 60:159–164, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Angiogenesis in cutaneous melanoma: Pathogenesis and clinical implications
Authors: Srivastava Anurag , Ralhan Ranju , Kaur Jatinder 
Published: January 2003

AbstractNeovacularization is an essential step in the multistage progression of malignant melanoma. The onset of new blood vessel formation is ushered in by the release of VEGF and numerous other angiogenic molecules by the tumor cells. Human melanoma is unique among neoplasms that both avascular (early horizontal growth phase characterized by very slow progression and 99%, 10‐year survival) and vascular (late radial and vertical growth phase associated with rapid growth, metastasis and death in many cases), phases are discernible by the naked eye. Although cell biologists have made great strides in unraveling the mechanisms involved in the laying down of tumor vasculature and the factors that inhibit it, clinicians treating melanoma have been rather slow to realize and utilize the full potential of suppressing the tumor blood flow to the best advantage of the patient. We suggest a consorted endeavor by all the melanoma experts across the globe to establish an “angiogenesis database” wherein they pool the blood flow and vascularity information along with Breslow's thickness, Clark's level of invasion, lymphatic and vascular invasion, regression, and outcome of their patients. Microsc. Res. Tech. 60:208–224, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The neural basis of dominance hierarchy formation in crayfish
Authors: Edwards Donald H. , Issa Fadi A. , Herberholz Jens 
Published: January 2003

AbstractFifty years of study of the nervous system and behavior of crayfish have revealed neural circuits for movements that are similar to those seen during formation of a dominance hierarchy. Given this background, it is of interest to ask what is understood about the neural substrates of dominance hierarchy formation. Here we will consider the social behavior that crayfish display in the wild and in the laboratory, and its relationship to movements released by activation of specific neural circuits. We will consider how these movements might be knit together to produce the behavior patterns that are characteristic of dominant and subordinate animals. Microsc. Res. Tech. 60:369–376, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of site‐specific transgene integration following cotransduction with recombinant adeno‐associated virus and a rep encodingplasmid
Authors: Huttner Nadja A. , Girod Anne , Schnittger Susanne , Schoch Claudia , Hallek Michael , Büning Hildegard 
Published: January 2003

AbstractBackgroundRecombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV) has many advantages for gene therapeutic applications in comparison with other vector systems. One of the most promising features is the ability of wild‐type (wt) AAV to integrate site‐specifically into human chromosome 19. However, this feature is lost in rAAV vectors due to the removal of the rep‐coding sequences.MethodsHeLa cells were transfected with a rep expression plasmid, infected by rAAV and grown with or without selection pressure. Single cell clones were generated and genomic DNA was analyzed for site‐specific integration by Southern blotting analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).ResultsTransfection of HeLa cells with a rep expression plasmid followed by transduction with a rAAV vector resulted in site‐specific integration of the transgene at AAVS1 on human chromosome 19 in 7 of 10 cell clones analyzed. In marked contrast, transduction of cells with rAAV alone did not result in any site‐specific integration of the transgene.ConclusionsThe high frequency with which the site‐specific integration took place in the presence of Rep protein is comparable with the results observed with wtAAV. These results offer opportunities for the development of specifically integrating rAAV vectors. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consumer information search behavior and the internet
Authors: Peterson Robert A. , Merino Maria C. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThere is no question that the Internet has, and will continue to have, a major impact on consumer information search behavior. However, under what conditions, and how, that impact will be felt is not clear. This article offers 14 propositions to stimulate and guide investigations of consumer information search behavior in the context of the Internet. A major conclusion is that broad generalizations regarding the impact of the Internet on consumer information search behavior are not warranted and that, if the propositions possess any truth value, the Internet is not likely to be an information panacea for consumers. Because of the complexities of the Internet and information search behavior (individually and even more so when considered conjunctively), investigations of consumer information search behavior in the context of the Internet should especially focus on moderators of that behavior and interactions among the various antecedents of the behavior. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
E‐satisfaction and e‐loyalty: A contingency framework
Authors: Anderson Rolph E. , Srinivasan Srini S. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe authors investigate the impact of satisfaction on loyalty in the context of electronic commerce. Findings of this research indicate that although e‐satisfaction has an impact on e‐loyalty, this relationship is moderated by (a) consumers' individual level factors and (b) firms' business level factors. Among consumer level factors, convenience motivation and purchase size were found to accentuate the impact of e‐satisfaction on e‐loyalty, whereas inertia suppresses the impact of e‐satisfaction on e‐loyalty. With respect to business level factors, both trust and perceived value, as developed by the company, significantly accentuate the impact of e‐satisfaction on e‐loyalty. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Empirical testing of a model of online store atmospherics and shopper responses
Authors: Eroglu Sevgin A. , Machleit Karen A. , Davis Lenita M. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThis study empirically tests a model that proposes that the atmospheric cues of the online store influence shoppers' emotional and cognitive states, which then affect their shopping outcomes. The results support the model propositions and show a significant effect of site atmospherics on shopper attitudes, satisfaction, and various approach/avoidance behaviors as a result of the emotions experienced during the shopping episode. In addition, the findings confirm the hypothesized moderating effects of two individual traits, namely, involvement and atmospheric responsiveness. The results underscore the role that online store atmospherics play in creating positive reactions from shoppers and demonstrate that these positive reactions will be more pronounced under certain conditions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.