bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal symptoms in sepsis shock patients: diastolic arterial pressure matter
Authors: Wang Qianwen , Zhang Ge 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background & aims: Diastolic arterial pressure(DAP) plays a key role in splanchnic perfusion during the development of septic shock. In this trial, we aim to investigate the association between diastolic arterial pressure and gastrointestinal symptoms in sepsis shock patients.
Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we extract data from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV by Structured Query Language. Adult patients with sepsis shock were included in the study. We excluded patients with mean arterial pressure(MAP)<65mmHg. Gastrointestinal symptoms were documented every day during the first week after ICU admission.
Results: In total, there were 1990 eligible patients in the cohort. During the first week in intensive care unit, three or more gastrointestinal symptoms occurred in 52.8% of the patients. Patients with DAP>=65mmHg were more likely to have a significantly lower incidence of diarrhea (P=0.000 ) and gastrointestinal bleeding(P=0.002) compared to the other two groups. The multivariable analysis also confirmed that DAP>=65mmHg was a protective factor against developing gastrointestinal symptoms(the odds ratio (OR), 0.749; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.592-0.948; P=0.042).
Conclusions：Gastrointestinal symptoms occur frequently in early ICU days, we provide indirect evidence supporting that a further DAP aim of 65mmHg would alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms in individuals with septic shock after a MAP of 65mmHg was reached. DAP should be regarded as a potentially significant hemodynamic target for gastrointestinal perfusion.
Neferine inhibits BMECs pyroptosis and maintains blood-brain barrier integrity in ischemic stroke by triggering a cascade reaction of PGC-1α
Authors: Zheng Zijian , Zhu Lizhi , Qiu han , Zheng Wuyinxiao , You Pengtao , Chen Shuhe , Hu Chunling , Huang Junrong , Zhou Yajun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Blood-brain barrier disruption is a critical pathological event in the progression of ischemic stroke (IS). Most studies regarding the therapeutic potential of neferine (Nef) on IS have focused on neuroprotective effect. However, whether Nef attenuates BBB disruption during IS is unclear. We here used mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in vivo and bEnd.3 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury in vitro to simulate cerebral ischemia. We showed that Nef reduced neurobehavioral dysfunction and protected brain microvascular endothelial cells and BBB integrity. Molecular docking, short interfering (Si) RNA and plasmid transfection results showed us that PGC-1α was the most binding affinity of biological activity protein for Nef. And verification experiments were showed that Nef upregulated PGC-1α expression to reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress and promote TJ proteins expression, further improves the integrity of BBB in mice. Intriguingly, our study showed that neferine is a natural PGC-1α activator and illustrated the mechanism of specific binding site. Furthermore, we have demonstrated Nef reduced mitochondria oxidative damage and ameliorates endothelial inflammation by inhibiting pyroptosis to improve BBB permeability through triggering a cascade reaction of PGC-1α via regulation of PGC-1α/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathway to maintain the integrity of BBB in ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Parameter estimation for uncertain differential equations with small dispersion coefficient
Authors: Wei Chao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Uncertain differential equations (UDEs) are a type of differential equations driven by Liu processes. Statistical inference is a critical issue in the applications of UDEs and scholars have proposed many methods to estimate the unknown parameters. However, the asymptotic properties of the estimators have been discussed in few literature. This paper is concerned with parameter estimation for UDEs with small dispersion coefficient from discrete observations. The least squares estimator is defined, the consistency and asymptotic distribution of estimator are derived. The uncertain Hyperbolic model is provided as analytic example and some numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed method.
MSC Classification: 60G52 , 62F12
Compound mortality impacts from extreme temperatures and pandemics
Authors: Lo Y. T. Eunice , Mitchell Dann , Gasparrini Antonio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Climate change and coronavirus-type pandemics are both major global health threats. Until now, no study has quantified the compound health consequences of the co-occurrence of these crises. We estimate the mortality attributable to short-term heat and cold events, which dominate the UK health burden from weather hazards, in England and Wales in the period 2020-2022, during which the COVID-19 pandemic peaked in terms of mortality. We show that temperature-related mortality exceeded COVID-19 mortality by 8% in South West England. Combined, extreme temperatures and COVID-19 led to 19 (in North West England) to 24 (in Wales) excess deaths per 100,000 population during heatwaves, and 80 (in Yorkshire and the Humber) to 127 (in East of England) excess deaths per 100,000 population during cold snaps. These numbers are at least ~2 times higher than the previous decade. Society must increase preparedness for compound health crises such as extreme weather coinciding with pandemics.
Effect of Faidherbia albida (Del.) Chev. and Elaeis guineensis (Jacq). on upland rice growth and yield
Authors: CAMARA Boubacar , SAMBOU Antoine , NDIAYE Lemou , DIEDHIOU Mamadou Abdoul Ader , NGOM Daouda 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aims to determine the influence of F. albida and E. guineensis on rice growth and productivity. In fact, the effect of these two woody species on the physiology and yield of upland rice was assessed. Thus, a total of 40 yield squares with 20 in each sampling distance (under and outside the canopy of trees) was installed to evaluate rice performance. In each square, the height of the stems, the number of tillers, the biomass and the yield were evaluated. These data were analyzed using R software version 3.4.2. These analyses showed that the sampling distance and the species had significant influences (p < 0.05) on all the parameters measured, except for tillering and yield, on which the species effect has no influence (p > 0.05). The rice grown under F. albida trees had higher height (105.13 cm) than those in E. guineensis (90.75 cm). Sampling distance had affected significantly the height of rice. Rice grown under canopy had higher height (105.13 cm) than those outside canopies (84.36 cm) of F. albida. For E. guineensis, the height under and outside canopy were 90.75 and 78.42 cm The rice performed better under than outside canopy of these two species, because the conditions for its development were met.
Cell Typing and Sub-typing Based on Detecting Characteristic Subspaces of Morphological Features Derived from Neuron Images
Authors: Zhao Sujun , Qian Penghao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Recent advances in reconstructing 3D neuron morphologies at the whole brain level offer exciting opportunities to study single cell genotyping and phenotyping. However, it remains challenging to define cell types and sub-types properly. As morphological feature spaces are often too complicated to classify neurons, we introduce a method to detect the optimal subspace of features so that neurons can be well clustered. We have applied this method to one of the largest curated databases of morphological reconstructions that contains more than 9,400 mouse neurons of 19 cell types. Our method is able to detect the distinctive feature subspaces for each cell type. Our approach also outperforms prevailing cell typing approaches in terms of its ability to identify key morphological indicators for each neuron type and separate super-classes of these neuron types. Subclasses of neuronal types could supply information for brain connectivity and modeling, also promote other analysis including feature spaces.
C2-Eye:Framework for Detecting Command and Control (C2) Connection of Supply Chain Attacks
Authors: Haider Raja Zeeshan , Aslam Baber , Abbas Haider , Iqbal Zafar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Supply chain attacks are potent cyber attacks for compromising supply chains and infecting thousands of customers depending on the supply chain. Havoc, played bythe SUNBURST attack, demands a proactive and holistic approach for the timely detection of supply chain attacks. Supply chain attacks are difficult to detect as the malware is installed through legitimate supply chains, making deployed security controls futile. The recent increases in supply chain attacks warrant a Zero-trust model for detecting supply chain attacks. The most promising technique for detecting supply chain attacks is monitoring host-based indicators and correlating these indicators with associated network activity. Establishing a Command and Control (C2) connection is one of the essential stages in supply chain attacks, and its timely detection can lead to the detection of the attack. The C2-Eye framework has introduced an all inclusive approach for detecting C2 of supply chain attacks, established over DNS. C2-Eye incorporates process-specific host-based features, correlated network activity, DNS metadata, DNS semantic analysis, and threat intelligence from publicly available resources for detecting C2 of supply chain attacks. Besides, C2-Eye monitors the C2 channel for probable data exfiltration in the backdrop of supply chain attacks. C2-Eye has introduced many unique features, offering better performance and a high detection rate. A random forest classifier has been used to classify heterogeneous C2-Eye features. C2-Eye is an effective framework for detecting supply chain attacks with an F1-score of 98.70%.
Quick Guide to Classify Qualitative and Quantitative Performance of SEM/EDS and ICP- OES for Gunshot Residue Analysis
Authors: Seelanan Parinya , Nantasitangkool Phuritpach 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The investigation of inorganic gunshot residues (iGSR) is to detect particles containing antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), and lead (Pb) on a sample via either destructive or non-destructive techniques. Laboratory competence on iGSR analysis is assessed via successful participation in proficiency testing (PT). According to ISO 13528 Section 11.1, PT schemes can be recognized by examination under sample’s magnitude and investigation of its properties. Two types of PT scheme for iGSR analysis are carried out. In the first type (I-iGSR PT), participants are requested to submit the GSR results with quantitative information. For the second type (II-iGSR PT), participants shall report the presence of characteristic iGSR particles on PT sample. However, to avoid wasting budget and excessive efforts, selection of PT type can be considered from actual performance in each laboratory method. In this study, the Royal Thai Police cooperated with laboratory network to propose a quick guide for performance assessment of scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) using standard deviation index (SDI). The difference between the mean of iGSR sample and inter-laboratory were compared. The results revealed that SDI values were employed to evaluate SEM/EDS or ICP-OES performance in both types of iGSR PT programs. The SDI value can be used as a quick estimation before PT operation. The near zero SDI of PT sample indicated that it is eligible for all iGSR types, whereas the SDI above 1 only suggested for qualitative analysis PT. Hence, the observed SDI values can be used as a tool for instrument performance assessment and iGSR analysis decision prior to PT subscription for the first or next rounds.
Identification of sleep and circadian alternative polyadenylation sites associated with APA-linked human brain disorders
Authors: Flores Carlos C. , Pasetto Nickolas A. , Wang Hongyang , Dimitrov Alexander , Davis Jon F. , Jiang Zhuhua , Davis Christopher J. , Gerstner Jason R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions are comorbid features of many pathologies and can negatively influence numerous health conditions, including degenerative diseases, metabolic illnesses, cancer, and various neurological disorders. Genetic association studies linking sleep and circadian disturbances with disease susceptibility have mainly focused on changes in gene expression due to mutations, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Thus, associations between sleep and/or circadian rhythm and alternative polyadenylation (APA), particularly in the context of other health challenges, are largely undescribed. APA is a process that generates various transcript isoforms from the same gene, resulting in effects on mRNA translation, stability, localization, and subsequent function. Here, we have identified unique APAs in rat brain that exhibit time-of-day-dependent oscillations in expression as well as APAs that are altered by sleep deprivation and the subsequent recovery period. Genes affected by APA usage include Mapt/Tau, Ntrk2, Homer1A, Sin3band Sorl. Sorl1 has two APAs which cycle with a 24 h period, one additional APA cycles with a 12 h period and one more that is reduced during recovery sleep. Finally, we compared sleep- or circadian-associated APAs with recently described APA-linked brain disorder susceptibility genes and found 46 genes in common.
Effect of constrictivity of gel/capillary pores in concrete on chloride ions migration
Authors: Zhang Yafen , Liu Ruonan , Zhang Ruicheng , Yan Xiaoyu , Zhao Zhuo , Zhu Yulong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Corrosion of steel bars due to chloride ions in seawater migration into reinforced concrete (RC) lining is a major factor affecting the lifetime of subsea tunnels. To improve the safety assessment of existing subsea tunnels, a coupled hydraulic-mechanical-chemical (H-M-C) model is proposed to simulate the chloride ions migration process with hydrostatic pressure in the RC lining of subsea tunnels for obtaining the long-term distribution of chloride ions in the RC lining more accurately. In the H-M-C coupled model, the volume fluid fraction and convection velocity obtained from the bidirectionally coupled hydraulic and mechanic analysis are unidirectionally considered in the analysis of convection, diffusion, and adsorption of chloride ions in the RC lining. In addition, to consider the influence of concrete microscopic pores (e.g., gel pores and capillary pores) size on chloride ion migration, the classic expression of the effective diffusion coefficient is modified by considering a constrictivity factor that varies nonlinearly with the microscopic pore size. Results indicate that in the diffusion zone, the concentration of chloride ions significantly increases with increasing gel/capillary pores radius (rpeak), leading to a rapid non-linear decrease in the service time of the RC subsea tunnel. Afterward, to more clearly ascertain the sensitivity of the effects of constrictivity of gel/capillary pores in concrete on chloride ion migration, the sensitivity analyses are carried out on four sets of parameters (i.e., saturated permeability, van Genuchten parameters, initial saturation, and binding capacity parameters). The results of the sensitivity analyses suggest that the effects of capillary pores radius (rpeak) on the penetration process of chloride ions in the concrete lining of subsea tunnels are more sensitive to the initial saturation (Se) than the vG parameters (a and m). Furthermore, with the increase of capillary pores radius (rpeak), the sensitivity of the chloride ion penetration to capillary pores radius the under different chloride binding conditions is increasing.
Heavy metal contamination in soil and health risk assessment through onion consumption in Mojo and Koka, Ethiopia
Authors: Reta Hailu , Mekonen Nibret , Leta Bayissa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the soil and horticultural crops grown under irrigation in the Mojo and Koka sites in Oromia, Ethiopia, and to evaluate the potential health risks that these metals may cause to consumers. For this investigation, a total of 50 onion (Allium porrum L.) and 50 soil samples were gathered. The content of heavy metals was measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after the samples' digest using microwave-assisted digestion. The mean concentrations of examined trace elements in onion (mg/kg) were found in the range of 0.80 to 0.95, for As 1.77 to 0.91 for Sn, 2.09 to 1.49 for Pb, 12.29 to 7.31 for B, 13.85 to 12.33 for Zn, 0.34 to 0.25 for Cd, 1.83 to 1.78 for Hg, 11.29 to 7.54 for Cu, 0.83 to 0.78 for Ni, 0.34 to 0.31 for Co, 78.39 to 42.19 for Fe, 17.03 to 11.56 for Mn, and 1.03to 1.02 for Cr. Given that the average levels of Pb, Hg, Cd, and As in onions at both irrigation sites surpassed the upper limit of allowable levels established by the joint FAO/WHO commission. These metals' concentrations in soil are found to be within acceptable bounds. As compared to other literatures, their concentration really exceeded in both irrigation sites. According to the metal pollution load index, the overall pollution load of trace metals, including As, Pb, Cd, and Hg, was found to be moderately higher in both irrigation locations for the majority of the onions under study. The results, which were computed using an adult consumer's food intake, indicated that the Pb and Hg dietary exposure levels were much higher than the daily intake amounts that were considered tentatively tolerated. The soil-to-onion transfer factor showed that whereas Fe has a strong sorption to the soil colloids, metal Cu is comparatively poorly maintained in the soil. The degree of metal enrichment in soils and sediments is higher than in other literatures, according to the soil pollution indices. Thus, swift action is needed to stop the issue and guarantee public safety along the food system's supply chain.
Mediating effects of insomnia and resilience on COVID-19-related post-traumatic stress disorder and quality of life in adolescents
Authors: Yang Xingjie , 孟 雪雪 , Libin Zhang , Wang Leilei , Hu Deng , Shuangjiang Zhou , Yuchun Yang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has impaired the quality of life (QoL) for many due to its extensive impacts. However, few studies have addressed the specific impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of adolescents, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study considered the impact of COVID-19–related PTSD on the QoL of adolescents in China, and the mediating effects of insomnia and the moderating effects of resilience. Participants included 50,666 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years selected using a comprehensive sampling method. We employed the Child Event Impact Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Psychological Resilience Scale, and Child and Adolescent Health-Related Quality of Life Scale for data collection. Male adolescents exhibited significantly lower levels of PTSD and insomnia compared to females, and scored significantly higher in psychological resilience and overall QoL. Insomnia played a mediating role between PTSD and QoL. Psychological resilience moderated the impact of COVID-19-related stress on adolescents’ QoL through its influence on insomnia. PTSD resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic affects the QoL of adolescents through the presence of insomnia. Psychological resilience plays a moderating role in this process. Cultivating psychological resilience in adolescents can effectively enhance their ability to cope with the impacts of sudden public events.
Exploring the Potentials of S4, A Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator, in Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy
Authors: Yavuz Mervenur , Demircan Turan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) ranks among the prevalent neoplastic diseases globally, presenting substantial challenges in therapeutic management. Traditional modalities, encompassing surgical excision, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, have yielded suboptimal response rates in GBM due to its intrinsic pathological resistance. This underscores the imperative for identifying novel molecular targets to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Literature indicates a notable correlation between androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathways and GBM pathogenesis. Consequently, to mitigate the adverse effects associated with androgenic modulation of AR, the scientific community has pivoted towards the synthesis of non-steroidal anabolic agents known as selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). Among these, S4, a relatively unexplored SARM with favorable oral bioavailability has emerged as a candidate of interest.
Methods and Results
This investigation substantiates the anti-oncogenic potential of S4 in both temozolomide-responsive and -resistant GBM cellular models through comprehensive cellular and molecular evaluations. We observed a marked restriction in GBM cell viability, growth, and motility, coupled with an induction of apoptotic pathways, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cellular senescence. Additionally, S4 exposure precipitated the upregulation of genes associated with apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, DNA damage response, and senescence, while concurrently downregulating those involved in cellular proliferation.
Conclusion
Future research endeavors are warranted to delineate the precise mechanisms underpinning S4's actions, assess its antineoplastic effects in vivo, and evaluate its ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
Epidemiology of bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Switzerland, 2015-2022: secular trends and association with the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Damonti Lauro , Gasser Michael , Andreas Kronenberg , Buetti Niccolò 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The association between the COVID-19 pandemic and the incidence of invasive infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms remains a topic of debate. The aim of this study was to analyse the national incidence rates of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Escherichia coli (EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistance (ESCR) in two distinct regions in Switzerland, each exhibiting varying antimicrobial resistance patterns and that were impacted differently by the pandemic.
Methods: We analysed data of positive blood cultures prospectively collected by the nationwide surveillance system (ANRESIS) from January 1, 2015, to August 31, 2022. To explore the potential relationship between COVID-19 patient occupancy and ESCR incidence rates, we conducted an in-depth analysis over the two-year pandemic period from April 1, 2020, to March 30, 2022. We employed Quasi-Poisson and logistic regression analyses to investigate these associations.
Results: During the study period, a total of 40997 EC-BSI and 8537 KP-BSI episodes were collected and reported to ANRESIS by the participating hospitals. ESCR was observed in 11% (n=4313) of E. coli and 8% (n=664) of K. pneumoniae, respectively. A significant reduction in ESCR-EC BSI incidence occurred during the pandemic in the region with the highest COVID-19 incidence. Conversely, ESCR-KP BSI incidence initially fell considerably and then increased during the pandemic in both regions; however, this effect was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: In the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in ESCR rates was observed, particularly in ESCR-EC BSI within the most heavily impacted region.