bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microlocal analysis of seismic inverse scattering in anisotropic elastic media
Authors: Stolk Christiaan C. , De Hoop Maarten V. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSeismic data is modeled in the high‐frequency approximation, using the techniques of microlocal analysis. We consider general, anisotropic elastic media. Our methods are designed to allow for the formation of caustics. The data is modeled in two ways. First, we give a microlocal treatment of the Kirchhoff approximation, where the medium is assumed to be piecewise smooth, and reflection and transmission occur at interfaces. Second, we give a refined view on the Born approximation based upon a linearization of the scattering process in the medium parameters around a smooth background medium. The joint formulation of Born and Kirchhoff scattering allows us to take into account general scatterers as well as the nonlinear dependence of reflection coefficients on the medium parameters. The latter allows the treatment of scattering up to grazing angles.The outcome of the analysis is a characterization of the singular part of seismic data. We obtain a set of pseudodifferential operators that annihilate the data. In the process we construct a Fourier integral operator and a reflectivity function such that the data can be represented by this operator acting on the reflectivity function. In our construction this Fourier integral operator becomes invertible. We give the conditions for invertibility for general acquisition geometry. The result is also of interest for inverse scattering in acoustic media. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Lesser Bear—a light‐weight process library for SMP computers
Authors: Oguma Hisashi , Nakayama Yasuichi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have designed and implemented a light‐weight process (thread) library called ‘Lesser Bear’ for SMP computers. Lesser Bear has high portability and thread‐level parallelism. Creating UNIX processes as virtual processors and a memory‐mapped file as a huge shared‐memory space enables Lesser Bear to execute threads in parallel. Lesser Bear requires exclusive operation between peer virtual processors, and treats a shared‐memory space as a critical section for synchronization of threads. Therefore, thread functions of the previous Lesser Bear are serialized. In this paper, we present a scheduling mechanism to execute thread functions in parallel. In the design of the proposed mechanism, we divide the entire shared‐memory space into partial spaces for virtual processors, and prepare two queues (Protect Queue and Waiver Queue) for each partial space. We adopt an algorithm in which lock operations are not necessary for enqueueing. This algorithm allows us to propose a scheduling mechanism that can reduce the scheduling overhead. The mechanism is applied to Lesser Bear and evaluated by experimental results. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fast and accurate analysis of one‐dimensional arrays of dynamic PWL cells
Authors: Biey Mario , Gilli Marco , Maio Ivan , Premoli Amedeo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper describes a new method for the time‐domain analysis of one‐dimensional arrays of dynamic piecewise linear cells. The method exploits the local connectivity, typical of cellular arrays, and the piecewise linear behaviour of the v–i characteristic of the non‐linear elements to obtain a piecewise analytical expression of the solution. Examples demonstrate the accuracy and the efficiency, in terms of CPU‐time, of the proposed method with respect to standard simulation tools as SPICE and the numerical integration of a system of ordinary differential equations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A note on representation theorems for linear discrete‐space systems with stochastic inputs
Authors: Sandberg Irwin W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe cornerstone of the theory of discrete‐space single‐input–single‐output linear systems is the idea that every such system has an input–output map that can be represented by a convolution or the familiar generalization of a convolution. This thinking involves an oversight which, for the case of bounded inputs mapped continuously into bounded outputs, was recently corrected by adding an additional term to the representation. Here, we give a corresponding corrected result for discrete‐space systems with stochastic inputs. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the development of fully adaptive channel allocation strategies for usage in high‐capacity cellular mobile radio systems
Authors: Karagiannidis G. , Bouzouki S. , Karavatselou E. , Kotsopoulos S. , Lymberopoulos D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn alternative mathematical expression for the co‐channel interference probability is used, in order to calculate the cellular mobile radio system capacity and to construct a set of compatibility constraints needed for the development of fully adaptive channel allocation (FACA) strategies. The development of such channel allocation techniques becomes a main thrust for the system engineers in order to design an efficient system to manage traffic demands over the service area of a third generation cellular system. Three proposed FACA strategies are analysed and a simulation model is developed, in order to examine the performance of these strategies. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Group‐based common‐receiver (GBCR) code protocol for DS/CDMA wireless networks and its performance study
Authors: Chen Hsiao‐Hwa 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper proposes a new spreading code protocol (GBCR protocol) suitable for ad hoc DS/CDMA wireless data networks, which is co‐ordinated by a central station (CS) that tracks user's status. Users are divided into groups, each of which is assigned a ‘group‐based common’ (GBC) code used by transmitters in the group to acquire the current state of their targets from the CS. Data communication is allowed only after a positive ACK packet from the CS is received, so that all successful terminals are effectively sheltered by the CS from third‐party colliding packets, which are encoded by the same receiver‐based code. Analytical results reveal that the GBCR protocol can improve network stability and throughput‐delay performance, while still keeping the hardware as simple as possible. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tight bounds for the tail of the packet waiting time distribution in buffered networks
Authors: Pitts Jonathan M. , Schormans John A. , Scharf Eric M. , Pearmain Alan J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper we consider the end to end delay through a series of queues in which the service time is fixed and equal to the transmission time of constant length data packets at constant bitrate, for example real time delay sensitive traffic in IP or ATM networks. In these cases, algorithms are required either for on‐line admission control or for planning and provisioning of service partitions within such networks. Here we develop concise, accurate and easy to use solutions for the end to end delay through this series of queues, and provide numerical results quantifying the high degree of accuracy obtained. Additionally we compare against a Chernoff Bound approach, showing that our solutions are more accurate. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hybrid ARQ schemes for DS spread spectrum systems in the presence of narrow‐band interference
Authors: Al‐Sanie Abdulhameed M. , ALshebeili Saleh A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper is concerned with a direct sequence spread spectrum system making use of automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes and operating in the presence of narrow‐band (NB) interference and additive white Gaussian noise. In this study, we evaluate the system's throughput efficiency when a suppression filter is employed at the receiver to mitigate the effect of NB interference. Specifically, we investigate how the performance is influenced by various parameters such as the number of filter taps, processing gain, type of interference, and the signal power‐to‐interference power ratio. The simulation results show that using the suppression filter significantly improves the throughput performance of the hybrid ARQ schemes in the presence of NB interference. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of in‐house polymerase chain reaction method with the Roche Amplicor™ technique for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cytological specimens
Authors: Mehrotra Ravi , Metz Paul , Kohlhepp Sue 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTwo techniques have been approved by the United States FDA for diagnosis of tuberculosis in smear positive sputa: LCX M. tuberculosis, a ligase chain reaction procedure manufactured by Abbott Laboratories, and Amplicor™, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure manufactured by Roche. However, these commercial methods are expensive and beyond the reach of laboratories in most developing countries. We compared the Roche Amplicor™ kit with an in‐house PCR using a primer set for Mycobacterium tuberculosis/bovis directed at MPB 64 protein gene. It was able to distinguish between M. tuberculosis, M. avium, M. gordonii, M. intracellulari, and M. kansasii. Fifty‐seven cytological samples were submitted to the laboratory for molecular diagnosis of M. tuberculosis. Both procedures were run on every sample submitted and the two methods agreed completely. The custom‐made method is less expensive than the commercial technique. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:262–265. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of postvaccinial disseminated bacillus Calmette‐Guerin infection
Authors: Al‐Bhlal Lulu Ahmad 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNine patients with primary immunodeficiency who received bacillus Calmette‐Guerin (BCG) vaccine at birth developed disseminated BCG lesions and presented clinically with generalized skin rash and skin nodules. Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of the skin nodules and/or enlarged lymph nodes was performed in all patients. The most common cytologic pattern encountered was cellular smears showing a large number of histiocytes with abundant streaked cytoplasm in a background of neutrophils and debris. No granulomas were noted. Ziehl‐Neelsen (ZN) stain for acid‐fast bacilli showed a large number of these bacilli within the cytoplasm of the histiocytes, and extracellularly. This pattern was seen in 6 patients. The cytologic smears from 3 patients showed epithelioid granulomas in a background of neutrophils and debris. ZN stain for acid‐fast bacilli showed fewer numbers of these bacilli compared to the first cytologic pattern. In conclusion, the most common cytologic pattern of postvaccinial disseminated BCG lesions in immunocompromised patients is a large number of histiocytes with abundant streaked cytoplasm in a background of neutrophils and debris. No epithelioid granulomas are seen in this pattern. A less frequent pattern is also encountered which shows epithelioid granuloma in a neutrophilic background. In both cytologic patterns, ZN stain for acid‐fast bacilli is positive. However, in the first and most common pattern, the number of acid‐fast bacilli is much larger than that seen in the second pattern. The different cytologic patterns might be related to the status of immunity of patients at the time of biopsy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 24:333–335, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical implications and value of immunohistochemical staining in the evaluation of lymph node infarction after fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Nasuti Joseph F. , Gupta Prabodh K. , Baloch Zubair W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report on a series of 3 patients who underwent fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) for clinically apparent lymphadenopathy. In all 3 cases, a diagnosis of malignancy was rendered based on cytologic findings (two metastatic squamous‐cell carcinomas and one melanoma). However, initial follow‐up surgical pathology reported only “extensive coagulative necrosis, no viable tumor seen.” Subsequent immunohistochemical stains (cytokeratins (AE1/AE3), HMB45, S100, and Melan A) demonstrated the presence of metastatic tumor in the area of infarction in each case, thus establishing the presence of metastatic tumor and correct interpretation of the initial FNA. We conclude, based on our own experience and a few previously reported cases, that total infarction of the lymph nodes following FNA can occur, and immunohistochemistry can be helpful in clinical management. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2001;25:104–107. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Safety pharmacology requirements for the development of human cardiac/cardiovascular pharmaceuticals
Authors: Mackenzie Ian 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe potential for proarrhythmia in humans by a new medicine is currently a consideration of the scientific specialists, drug development teams, clinical research groups, and the regulatory agencies who are assessing new data or who consider clinical issues with earlier compounds. In some instances, the proarrhythmic effects are completely unexpected secondary side effects of a noncardiovascular medicine. In other cases, the potential for proarrhythmia in humans with a cardiovascular compound or antiarrhythmic per se is even more likely from a theoretical perspective, because this can often be predicted from its exacerbated primary pharmacodynamic response after high clinical exposure. Although there were some informal guidelines on how to best provide a safety assessment for a compound with the inclusion of some safety pharmacology tests, this is available in the ICH (International Conference on Harmonisation) S7A Safety Pharmacology Studies for Human Pharmaceuticals (CPMP/ICH/539/00), which recently came into place worldwide (June 2001). Further guidance on in vitro aspects of ventricular proarrhythmia, and the predictive value of in vitro testing (including Torsade de pointes) is now under preparation and consultation (ICH S7B). A new chemical entity should be assessed for its side effects, initially in those physiological systems which are generally agreed to be the key systems that are essential for life; these “core tests” include the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and central nervous system. Drug Dev. Res. 55:73–78, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Septic shock induced by microbial products and indomethacin
Authors: Moriya Keisuke , Ohno Naohito , Miura Noriko N. , Adachi Yoshiyuki , Yadomae Toshiro 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLethal toxicity was induced in mice by sequential administration of β‐glucan and indomethacin. Whole cell preparations of Gram‐positive bacteria, Gram‐negative bacteria, and fungi also showed a similar toxicity. However, bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) alone were not toxic. After the indomethacin administration, the sensitivity of mice to LPS was significantly elevated and the animals died following only a 0.1‐μg intravenous administration. An accumulation of leukocytes in the liver and enhancement of TNF, IL‐6, and MIP‐2 concentrations were noted. Antibiotic treatment prolonged the survival of mice. The toxicity resembles septic shock, and is strongly related to microbial translocation and endotoxin absorption from the gut. Drug Dev. Res. 55:139–148, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A preliminary controlled evaluation of an eating disturbance psychoeducational intervention for college students
Authors: Stice Eric , Ragan Jennifer 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveBecause conventional preventive interventions have had little success in reducing eating pathology, we developed and evaluated a more intensive psychoeducational intervention.MethodFemale college students who underwent this intervention and a matched control sample of students (N = 66) completed pretest and posttest surveys.ResultsIntervention participants showed significant decreases in thin‐ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dieting, eating disorder symptoms, and weight over the 4‐month study period, whereas matched control participants did not show changes in these outcomes with the exception that they gained weight.DiscussionThese preliminary findings suggest that this intervention may prove useful in reducing eating disturbances and overweight among college students, as well as the risk factors for this serious mental and physical health problem. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 31: 159–171, 2002; DOI. 10.1002/eat.10018
Parental medical neglect in the treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Fornari Victor , Dancyger Ida , Schneider Marcie , Fisher Martin , Goodman Beverly , McCall Annie 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveAlthough childhood sexual abuse has been a frequent focus of research on eating disorders, other forms of maltreatment have been less commonly reported. Parental medical neglect is examined in this study as having serious consequences for the treatment and prognosis of patients with anorexia nervosa.MethodTwo case studies illustrate parental interference with treatment in which Child Protective Services (CPS) had to be involved in compliance with state law. Two adolescent females who were admitted for treatment for anorexia nervosa are presented.ResultsIn both cases, the parents refused to comply with the recommendations of the treatment team, placing their children's health in jeopardy. In compliance with reporting guidelines, CPS was notified in both cases.ConclusionsClinicians who treat minors with anorexia nervosa must consider parental compliance with treatment. Indications for the involvement of CPS are outlined. Optimally, this notification can ensure that the patient and family receive the requisite treatment. © 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 29: 358–362, 2001.
Simulation of transmission waves through multilayered thin conducting sheets by FDTD method
Authors: Fukasawa Toru , Ohmine Hiroyuki , Chiba Isamu , Sunahara Yonehiko 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDue to their great fabrication flexibility, multilayered conductive thin films are used as a shielding material by thin film metal plating on a dielectric body. In the simulation of the shielding effect of these multilayered thin conducting films by the FDTD method, it is necessary to use a cell size less than the conductor thickness in direct modeling. However, since the shield material generally is much thicker than the metal thin film, the number of cells needed in such modeling is prohibitive and calculation becomes difficult. In this paper, as a subcell method in the FDTD approach, an infinitesimally thin resistive film that has a transmission coefficient equivalent to the multilayered conducting thin film is introduced. By this technique, modeling becomes possible without increasing the number of cells unnecessarily. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 84(12): 22–31, 2001
Target tracking using range rate measurements under dense environments
Authors: Kameda Hiroshi , Tsujimichi Shingo , Kosuge Yoshio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn important requirement for tracking filters is the ability to maintain tracking under dense environments. The JPDA (Joint Probabilistic Data Association) using the positional measurements is conceivable. However, if the number of observation data to be processed simultaneously is increased, incorrect correlation takes place and the tracking performance deteriorates. In this paper, in order to improve the problem of incorrect correlation in the JPDA, the JPDA using the range rate measurement is proposed. Through several simulations, the validity of this method has been confirmed with respect to tracking success rates and tracking accuracies. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 85(3): 19–29, 2002
Quantum‐mechanical analysis of scattering of an electron beam in magnetic fields by a finite height potential by means of BEM
Authors: Ueta Tsuyoshi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper analyzes quantum‐mechanically the scattering of electron beams due to a finite and constant scattering potential in a magnetic field by using the boundary element method. The system is divided into parts with and without the scattering potential. In each region, the boundary integral equation is established. Then, the wave function and its normal derivative at the potential boundary common to both regions are included. Although both are unknown, they can be obtained as direct solutions by solving the two integral equations simultaneously. The present method is applied to a magnetic electron focusing structure with a finitely high square potential between the emitter and collector and the probability distribution of the electrons is computed. The results are interpreted physically and the effectiveness and problems of the present method are discussed. © 2002 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 85(3): 1–8, 2002
Relationship between Bi/Ti composition ratio and O2 concentration for orientation control of MOCVD‐grown Bi4Ti3O12 thin films
Authors: Kijima Takeshi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe orientation and crystallinity of Bi4Ti3O12 thin films grown by MOCVD on Pt‐coated substrates can be arbitrarily controlled by varying the oxygen concentration and Bi/Ti composition ratio during growth, which in turn makes it possible to control the ferroelectric characteristics through their dependence on orientation. When the above‐mentioned Bi4Ti3O12 thin films are combined with Bi2SiO5 insulator buffer layers to make Pt/Bi4Ti3O12/Pt/Bi2SiO5/Si MFMIS structures, the ferroelectricity of the Bi4Ti3O12 thin films is reflected in the C–V hysteresis, and applying a voltage of ±2 V reveals a memory window of about 2 V. Moreover, tests of the structures' data storage capability revealed almost no change after 24 hours. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 84(10): 49–58, 2001
Evaluation of recognition ability and inside parameters for a rotation spreading associative neural network
Authors: Nakamura Kiyomi , Yoshikawa Tadataka 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFocusing on the parietal cortex, we have previously proposed a spreading associative neural network that could simultaneously recognize the orientation and shape of a binary character and a gray‐scaled human face. We evaluated the recognition performance of the spreading associative neural network when the number of learning directions, number of spreading directions, and spreading range were varied. We searched for the optimal parameters of this neural net to obtain the best recognition performance based on the present evaluation. In general, the recognition performance was improved when the number of spreading directions was greater than (or equal to) the number of learning directions and the spreading range equaled the nonlearned range. Giving consideration to the results of recognition characteristics and learning and recognition time, it is suggested that the number of learning directions should be equal to the number of spreading directions. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 84(10): 1–14, 2001
A theoretical approach to clarify the dominant parameters governing thermal stress in chip device joints
Authors: Akiyama Tetsuya 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper presents some dominant parameters ruling thermal stress in each bump between a chip and a substrate when they are heated. Reducing the thermal stress in bumps between a chip and a substrate is one of the most effective methods to make the joints resistant to thermal fatigue. In this report, three dominant parameters are introduced via a simple numerical model. Next, the effects of each parameter on thermal stress are discussed. Lastly, a method is proposed that strengthens the joint between a chip and a substrate against thermal cycle. This method cannot reduce the thermal stress just after brazing but reduces the cyclic thermal stress generated by long‐term use. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 84(10): 57–64, 2001