bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging stringency and lifecycle thinking to advance environmental sustainability in health technology regulation
Authors: Cimprich Alexander , Parker Gillian , Miller Fiona A , Young Steven B 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Regulatory actors, particularly market authorization agencies, health technology assessment agencies, and health care procurement agencies, exert a powerful influence on the adoption and use of health technologies (eg, medicines and medical devices). With health care being responsible, directly and indirectly, for an estimated 4.6% of global greenhouse gas emissions, alongside other environmental harms, these actors have recognized the need to address the environmental impacts of health technologies. In this commentary, we utilize concepts of regulatory stringency and lifecycle thinking, considering scope, prescriptiveness, and performance requirements, to analyze recent efforts to incorporate environmental sustainability into the regulation of medicines and medical devices. While we acknowledge recent progress, we argue that there is significant, untapped potential for developing more fulsome and effective regulatory mechanisms to improve the environmental sustainability of health technologies.
Terrestrial Friction-Reducing Properties of Mucus and Scale Anisotropy in the Amphibious Northern Snakehead (Channa argus)
Authors: Lopez-Chilel Francis , Bressman Noah 
Published: January 2025

Synopsis
The mucus coating around a fish’s body is essential to its survival. It contains antimicrobial properties, aids in drag reduction, and protects against physical damage. It is versatile in the aquatic environment but little is known about the role of mucus in amphibious fishes. The Northern Snakehead (Channa argus) is a species of amphibious fish that is not only invasive to the Chesapeake Bay but is renowned for its ability to crawl on land. However, the role of their slippery mucus in terrestrial behaviors is currently unknown. This project aims to investigate how snakehead mucus affects friction during terrestrial locomotion, assess if snakehead mucus is adapted to facilitate terrestrial movements compared to the mucus of fully aquatic fish (i.e., Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio), and determine how snakehead scales influence frictional anisotropy compared to scale-less fish (i.e., Blue Catfish, Ictalurus furcatus). This was tested by towing freshly euthanized fish along two different substrates in the forward and backward directions using a force meter to determine the force needed to overcome static friction. The same fish was tested with its mucus coat intact and again with it wiped off to allow for paired comparisons. Snakehead mucus significantly reduced terrestrial friction, and did so significantly more than carp mucus. Additionally, fish with scales exhibited frictional anisotropy, with less friction in the forward direction and more in the backward direction, similar to how snake scale anisotropy promotes forward movement. Amphibious fishes such as snakeheads may have evolved particularly slippery mucus to aid in terrestrial locomotion by reducing friction and energy required to move overland, potentially facilitating overland movement between bodies of water. This study may also provide insight to the development of artificial fish mucus for amphibious robots and other applications.
Transseptal approach for pseudoaneurysms at the aortic root in Loeys–Dietz syndrome
Authors: Ishida Shinichi , Sakurai Hajime , Usui Akihiko , Nonaka Toshimichi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Loeys–Dietz syndrome involves vascular abnormalities and aortic root aneurysms. This study described a 10-year-old boy who presented with progressively enlarging ascending aortic aneurysm and mild aortic valve regurgitation. He was diagnosed with LDS and underwent aortic valve-sparing repair. However, 6 months after the surgery, aortic root pseudoaneurysms were detected. Thus, aortic root repair was performed by transseptal approach. The orifices of pseudoaneurysms were closed with double-layer patches composed of autologous and bovine pericardial patches. Based on the findings of this study, we conclude that the transseptal approach is useful for closing aneurysms at the aortic root.
Approximate controllability for impulsive neutral semilinear evolution equations with nonlocal conditions
Authors: Duque Cosme , Leiva Hugo , Karite Touria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The primary goal of this work is to establish the approximate controllability of a semilinear neutral-type system with nonlocal conditions and impulses, demonstrating that the approximate controllability of a neutral linear equation is preserved when external forces, impulses and nonlocal conditions are introduced as perturbations to the system. The approach leverages the properties of sectorial operators, the compactness of the semigroup that governs the evolution of the linear part of the equation and Rothe’s fixed point theorem. To demonstrate the practical applicability of our method, we present a specific case that encompasses a broad family of examples, including a neutral-type heat equation.
Combining magnetically isolated CD45 cells with serum maintains intact drug responsiveness for ELISpot analysis in clinical trials
Authors: Mavrangelos Chris , Wijenayaka Asiri , Sales Kurt J , Hughes Patrick A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot analysis is frequently used to investigate immune responsiveness during clinical trials. However, ELISpot classically utilizes peripheral blood mononuclear cell isolates from whole blood, requiring relatively high blood draw volumes and removing both granulocytes and bound drug. Here, we describe a novel protocol whereby CD45 cells are magnetically isolated from human whole blood and co-incubated with serum isolated from the same subject. Infliximab is a well characterized anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) antibody in clinical use since the late 1990s. We demonstrated that TNF-α inhibition by infliximab in spiked whole blood is lost on peripheral blood mononuclear cell isolation but remains in serum, and that combining serum from infliximab spiked whole blood with magnetically isolated CD45 immune cells inhibited PMA/ionomycin-stimulated TNF-α secretion. This novel protocol has important implications for enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot analysis in clinical trials in which blood volume is limited, and keeping drug responses intact provides critical information.
Subtypes A1 and D, and recombinant HIV-1 natural polymorphisms associated with lenacapavir drug resistance in Uganda
Authors: Omoding Daniel , Musinguzi Nicholas , Boum Yap , Muzoora Conrad , Kigozi Simone , Hunt Peter W , Martin Jeffrey N , Bangsberg David R , Haberer Jessica E , Siedner Mark J , McCluskey Suzanne M , Lee Guinevere Q 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Lenacapavir, a novel HIV-1 capsid inhibitor, shows promise for treating MDR HIV-1, as well as for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in prevention of HIV infection. Its unique mechanism and lack of cross-resistance with other antiretroviral classes make lenacapavir a significant addition to HIV therapy. The clinical trials CALIBRATE and CAPELLA have demonstrated high viral suppression rates in both ART-naive individuals and individuals with MDR HIV-1. Lenacapavir-associated resistance mutations, such as M66I and Q67H, rarely seen as natural polymorphisms in lenacapavir-naive populations, are predominantly studied in subtype B HIV-1.

Objectives
Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of lenacapavir resistance-associated mutations in HIV-1 subtypes A1 and D in a cohort of individuals living with HIV-1 from southwestern Uganda.

Methods
Utilizing plasma samples from ART-naive adults living in Uganda, HIV-1 Gag p24 (capsid) sequences were analysed for lenacapavir resistance mutations.

Results
Among 546 lenacapavir-naive participants, no major lenacapavir resistance-associated mutations were found. Minor mutations were present in 1.6% of participants, with T107A being the most common. Longitudinal data indicated the persistence of T107A for at least 3 years post-ART initiation in one participant. Phylogenetic analysis indicated individuals carrying T107A were found independently in distinct locations within the tree, suggesting that T107A might have arisen from multiple distinct base substitution events. Shannon entropy analysis showed high variability in certain capsid sites, but none overlapped with known lenacapavir resistance sites.

Conclusions
These findings suggest a low prevalence of naturally occurring lenacapavir resistance mutations in Uganda, supporting lenacapavir’s potential efficacy in this region.
A validated method for capillary phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 quantification with two different 10-µl volumetric absorptive microsample devices in the same setup
Authors: Andreassen Trine N , Gule Marina , Havnen Hilde , Spigset Olav , Skråstad Ragnhild Bergene 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There is a growing interest for quantification of drugs in capillary blood. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a biomarker for alcohol intake measured in whole blood, thus making it a candidate for capillary sampling. Our laboratory has been running a method for PEth quantification in venous blood since 2016, and we aimed to expand this method to also include capillary dried blood spot (DBS) samples. Two 10-µl volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) devices, Capitainer®B Vanadate and Mitra®, were included in the method development and validated. Calibrators and quality controls were spiked during automatic sample extraction without the VAMS devices present, making it possible to extract and analyze both types of VAMS samples in the same setup. With the Mitra device, all pre-established validation criteria were fulfilled in the measuring range of 0.03 to 4.0 µM (21–2812 ng/mL), including method comparison with our venous blood method. Capitainer fulfilled all validation criteria, except for the accuracy of samples with PEth levels ≥ 0.5 µM (≥ 352 ng/mL) (deviation −17.1% to −20.5%). The correlation analysis between Capitainer and the venous blood results showed no constant bias, but an acceptable small proportional mean difference of −7.6%. Overall, the method validation results for both Capitainer and Mitra were considered acceptable. Both devices were found to be suitable for the analyses of PEth.
Effects of engineered nanomaterials on the cardiovascular system
Authors: Ichihara Sahoko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With the explosive development of nanotechnology, engineered nanomaterials are currently being used in various industries, including food and medicine. Concern about the health effects of nanomaterials has been raised, and available research indicates that the relative surface area of nanomaterials seems to correlate with the severity of their toxicity. With regard to engineered nanomaterials, the scope of their acute and chronic toxicities and their mechanisms are not fully understood. Studies suggest that exposure to certain nanomaterials can generate reactive oxidant species and enhance permeability of the phagolysosomal membrane, which leads to inflammasome activation, causing oxidative stress and inflammation. Since the latter 2 are implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis, it can be presumed that exposure to engineered nanomaterials could significantly impact cardiovascular function. In this review, I raise issues that should be considered in the assessment of the effects of engineered nanomaterials on cardiovascular function, and evaluate their cardiovascular toxicity as described in various in vitro and/or in vivo toxicological studies and industrial investigations.
Session 8: Working with Your Thoughts (Part III)—Changing the Cycle of Thoughts and Feelings
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter introduces the A-B-C-D approach to address the changing cycle of thoughts and feelings. With the A-B-C-D technique, clients are asked to focus on negative trauma-related beliefs about themselves and the world, which may be driving a feed-forward loop of negative thinking and feelings. The downward arrow technique is introduced as a structured way to teach group members how to use Socratic questioning with themselves, to go beyond negative or distressing thoughts to access the ultimate negative belief. Therapists should emphasize that the three cognitive skills included in this program are distinct but complement one another. The chapter provides a review of the previously introduced material on coping self-statements and cognitive shifts.
Session 3: Beginning to Tackle Avoidance of Trauma Cues, Mindfulness (Part II)
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter builds on the prior one, discussing how clients can use their mindfulness skills to address avoidance of trauma cues. Multi-tasking and single-tasking are contrasted, helping clients to notice differences between thoughts, emotions, and actions. By practicing mindfulness, clients can teach themselves how to stay in the present, thus allowing them to notice subtle trauma cues more easily and to link these cues to trauma-related responses. This Group CBT session will include detailed discussion of exposure to trauma cues, which will help to take some of the distress out of trauma-related triggers and allow clientss to begin to reclaim their lives.
Session 9: Addressing Anger (Part I)—Using the A-B-C-D Approach
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter focuses on how Veterans can address their anger by using the A-B-C-D approach. Both the positive and negative aspects of anger are reviewed. Anger can be a component of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and may result in estrangement from others. Part of what contributes to this anger and irritability is the fact that people's lives are different from what they were before the trauma. Thus, becoming aware of specific situations that often produce angry responses is vital in understanding the beliefs that lead to anger. The downward arrow technique that was introduced in the prior session can be helpful for clarifying the beliefs that are activating people's anger.
Hippocampal Neuroanatomy
Authors: Amaral David G. , Lavenex Pierre , Insausti Ricardo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the neurons and intrinsic and extrinsic connections of the rodent, nonhuman primate, and human hippocampal formation. While the hippocampus and related cortical regions have many of the same excitatory and inhibitory neurons as other cortical regions, it also has at least a few neuron types, like the mossy cell, that do not occur in other cortical areas. What is most distinctive about the hippocampal formation is the organization of its intrinsic connections, which are generally, though not exclusively, unidirectional. While there are similarities in the features of the rodent, nonhuman primate, and human hippocampal formation, there are also many substantive differences.
Structural and Functional Properties of Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Spruston Nelson , Piskorowski Rebecca , Chevaleyre Vivien , Eyre Mark D. , McBain Chris J. , Bartos Marlene 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter explores the complex menagerie of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the hippocampal formation. Ultimately, neural computations are performed by circuits, but these computations are shaped by the types of neurons they contain and their properties. This chapter considers the properties of neurons throughout the hippocampal formation in the context of their local circuitry as well as inputs and outputs from other brain regions. As most of what is known about the cellular properties of hippocampal neurons derives from studies in rodents, this chapter focuses on the hippocampal formation of the rat and mouse. This chapter focuses on concepts that are likely to apply in both rats and mice, as well as other mammalian species, including humans and other primates.
Local Circuits
Authors: Grosmark Andres D. , Milstein Aaron D. , Losonczy Attila , Soltesz Ivan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this chapter we summarize the excitatory and inhibitory local circuit architecture found in the main hippocampal layers, with a special emphasis on cataloguing both unique and recurring circuit motifs. The function of these circuits is examined with a particular focus on their role in performing elementary computations, their plasticity, their functions in supporting distinct network states and oscillations and their role in parallel and convergent information processing. Finally, we discuss how these local circuits are controlled by neuromodulatory inputs as well as how some local circuits exert non-canonical long-range inhibitory control.
Aging and the Hippocampus
Authors: Burke Sara N. , Barnes Carol A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The chapter begins with an overview of the comparative aspects of typical aging in humans, monkeys, and rodents. Subsequent sections then summarize our historical and current knowledge of how advanced age impacts hippocampus-dependent behaviors, as well as the anatomy, biophysics, synapses, neuromodulation, plasticity, neuron activity dynamics, and gene expression within this structure. The dentate gyrus, CA3, and CA1 subregions are discussed separately, because aging can impact each region differently. When available, data are also included from the subiculum and entorhinal cortex. The chapter ends with a discussion regarding the remarkable consistency in the types of preservation or vulnerability of the aged hippocampus observed in humans, monkeys, and rodents.
Schizophrenic Psychosis and the Hippocampus: Schizophrenia Mechanisms in the Hippocampus
Authors: Tamminga Carol A. , Scott Daniel , Ivleva Elena I. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This review of psychosis pathophysiology in schizophrenia articulates the background, rationale, and supporting data for the involvement of the hippocampus in psychosis manifestations, driven by hippocampal hyperactivity. Gross reduction of dentate gyrus excitatory function during the adolescent life-phase can generate pathological changes in the hippocampus, causing its hyperactivity (CA3 and CA1) and alterations in hippocampal efferent circuits. This all distorts learning and memory functions in schizophrenia. A person with schizophrenia often has unremitting psychosis, with cognitive and negative symptoms, and the disease extends from adolescence to advanced age. The causal mechanisms are not yet understood. Hippocampal hyperactivity is an informative biomarker for psychosis and could be responsible for some of the manifestations of the disorder itself. Exploration in reverse translation animal models confirms the phenomena and suggests some potentially involved mechanisms and treatment targets in CA3 and CA1.
The Dark Side of Creative Talent
Authors: Fogel Barry S. , Jiang Xiaoling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Suicides and psychiatric hospitalizations of celebrity writers, artists, and performers are frequent news. Creativity is associated with bipolarity. In addition, creative writers have increased prevalence of depression and alcohol use disorder. Clinically significant and treatable mood disorders of creative professionals often are normalized or romanticized. Their problematic substance use often is treated with relative neglect of comorbid depression or bipolar illness. Treatment of depression in creative professionals often is unsuccessful because their bipolarity is missed, or the treatments offered are incompatible with their work or affect it adversely. Popular musicians are especially vulnerable, and they have a high suicide rate. Performers’ touring schedules can interfere with consistent general medical care, resulting in depressive consequences of untreated diseases. A patient’s wealth and/or celebrity can entail trust or boundary issues with clinicians. Personalized treatment of creative professionals’ accounts for their distinctive lifestyles, work, and vulnerabilities. Examples are presented from several creative genres.
Truck-Driving Blues
Authors: Fogel Barry S. , Jiang Xiaoling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Truck drivers have a high prevalence of depression. Their life expectancies are short, in part due to unhealthy lifestyles and associated chronic diseases. Depressed drivers are more likely to be involved in crashes. Their occupational risk factors for injury, general medical illness, and depression include chronobiologic stress; continual exposure to noise, vibration, and polluted air; poor-quality food at truck stops; prolonged periods of sitting; time pressures; loneliness when away from home; work–family conflicts; and work schedules that interfere with consistent healthcare. Obesity and associated sleep apnea are prevalent and challenging to treat. Drivers’ occupational culture contributes to normalization of illness and pain, denial or externalization of depression, and internal stigma. Evaluation of a depressed truck driver should identify addressable job-related risk factors and neglected general medical problems. Enhancement of function and crash prevention are non-stigmatizing foci for clinical intervention compatible with occupational culture.
Choosing Wisely
Authors: Kersh Jay S. , Sweitzer BobbieJean 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The landscape of preoperative testing before noncardiac surgery is moving from conservative, broadly based screening of patients to a more focused one where a patient’s comorbidities and the nature of the procedure are more carefully considered, resulting in fewer unnecessary tests, fewer dollars spent, and a higher quality of care. However, because postoperative complication rates occur in approximately 17% of patients, a delicate balance of testing with appropriate evaluation and optimization is necessary. The goals of all preoperative clinics include identification and assignment of new or undocumented diagnoses, elucidation of the need for specialty consultations, assessment of risk, optimization of medication regimens, improvement of underlying pathologies, discussion of anesthetic techniques, education of patients and families, and arrangement for postoperative disposition. Secondarily, the care provided by a preoperative clinic should reduce case cancellations and increase the efficient use of procedure and operating room facilities.
Shoulder Replacement in Patient Who Had a Heart and Lung Transplant
Authors: Gross Caroline R. , Zafirova Zdravka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Patients with prior heart and lung transplants present increasingly for a wide range of noncardiac surgeries and pose unique challenges to the perioperative team. The cardiovascular physiology of transplant patients predisposes them to arrhythmias and hemodynamic instability. Their increased risk of perioperative pulmonary complications stems from immunosuppression, residual lung disease, and disorders of the transplanted lungs. Because multiorgan effects of immunosuppression therapy may affect perioperative outcomes, the preoperative visit should address the immunosuppression regimen, including its continuation and required modifications. Special attention must be paid to the prevention and diagnosis of infectious complications and the utilization of appropriate targeted antimicrobial prophylaxis and therapy. The impact of specific anesthetic and surgical techniques on the transplanted organs must be considered. Comprehensive perioperative management requires a multidisciplinary team approach including clinicians specializing in heart and lung transplantation.