bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability of wilderness areas to day-use visits
Authors: McCarley T Ryan , Aycrigg Jocelyn L , Martinuzzi Sebastián , Belote R Travis , Holmes Thomas P 
Published: October 2023

SummaryProtected areas worldwide are impacted by human activities within their boundaries. Despite having the highest level of protection in the US, wilderness areas are still vulnerable to ecological impacts. We compiled population, population growth rate, median travel time, wilderness size, wilderness proximity, relative accessibility, trail density and an amenity index to generate a Day-Use Vulnerability Index (DUVI) for 722 wilderness areas in the continuous US (CONUS). Using DUVI, we found that the Mount Timpanogos wilderness area in Utah, the Glacier View wilderness area in Washington, the J.N. Ding Darling wilderness area in Florida, the Philip Burton wilderness area in California and the Birkhead Mountains wilderness area in North Carolina were most likely to have ecological impacts from high day-use. Our findings provide a system for evaluating daily use of wilderness areas that could be paired with visitor counts in the future to improve predictions. Growing human populations and recreation are worldwide issues, suggesting that this framework could also be of interest to stakeholders outside the CONUS.
The impact of the Neoglacial and other environmental changes on the raised beaches of Joinville Island, Antarctica
Authors: Theilen Brittany M. , Simms Alexander R. , DeWitt Regina , Zurbuchen Julie , Garcia Christopher , Gernant Cameron 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn order to reconstruct past environmental conditions along the north-eastern Antarctic Peninsula, we documented changes in grain size, grain roundness, onlap as seen in ground-penetrating radar reflection profiles and ice-rafted debris on a set of 36 raised beaches developed over the last ~7.7 ± 0.9 ka on Joinville Island. The most pronounced changes in beach character occur at ~2.7–3.0 ka. At this time, there appears to have been a reintroduction of less rounded material, the development of stratification within individual beach ridges, an introduction of seaweed and limpets to the beach deposits, a change in clast provenance (although slightly earlier than the change in cobble roundness) and a shallowing of the overall beach plain slope. Prolonged cooling associated with the Neoglacial period may have contributed to these changes, as the readvance of glaciers could have changed the provenance of the beach deposits and introduced more material, leading to the change in roundness of the beach cobbles and the overall slope of the beach plain. This study suggests that late Holocene environmental change left a measurable impact on the coastal zone of Antarctica.
Pre-industrial ‘charity land’ and the dynamics of rural poverty in south-west England, 1656–1739: a case study
Authors: Inui Hideaki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPost-enclosure charity lands in the period before the establishment of the charity commission in 1818 pose some fundamental questions. The amount and types of payment that recipients received, how they shifted over the period, and how the spectrum of relief adjusted to the massive macro-level changes – particularly the improvement in poor labourers’ standards of living that occurred between c.1660 and c.1760 – are all of interest. By focusing on a dataset derived from an account book for a charity in Mere (Wiltshire) between 1656 and 1739, this paper reveals how the parish authorities coped with the developing economic polarities in rural society and made changes over time in the size and significance of the doles made from the funds arising from the charity lands, indicating the inextricably mixed nature of welfare – the balance between the different financial resources available both from formal relief and parish charities – in this period.
Government debt and fiscal multipliers in the era of population aging
Authors: Cho Dooyeon , Rhee Dong-Eun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, the most salient changes in macroeconomic conditions in developed economies have included rising government debt and population aging, which are strongly correlated with each other. This paper investigates fiscal multipliers by disentangling the effects of population aging from those of government debt. Our analysis, which uses heterogeneous panel data from 24 OECD economies, shows that while fiscal policy is ineffective for economies with high-debt levels, it is effective for economies with low-debt levels. Furthermore, the estimation results reveal that fiscal policy is ineffective for aged economies, regardless of the level of government debt. However, for nonaged economies, while fiscal policy leads to negative effects on output in times of high debt, its positive effects are more pronounced in times of low debt. Our results suggest that, for the effective implementation of fiscal stimulus policies, policy-based stimulation of employment in the labor market is essential.
A guide to estimating the canonical income process in quasidifferences
Authors: Chiparawasha Francis , Hryshko Dmytro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe canonical income process, including autoregressive, transitory, and fixed effect components, is routinely used in macro and labor economics. We provide a guide for its estimation using quasidifferences, cataloging biases in the estimated parameters for various
$N$
,
$T$
, initial conditions, and weighting schemes. Using Danish administrative data on male earnings, estimation in quasidifferences yields divergent estimates of the autoregressive parameter for different weighting schemes, which conforms to our simulation results when the variance of transitory shocks is higher than that of persistent shocks, true persistence is high, and the persistent component’s variance in the first sample year is nonzero. We further apply quasidifferences to the data from a calibrated lifecycle model and find significant biases in the persistence of shocks and their insurance. Estimation of the income process using quasidifferences is reliable only when the variance of persistent shocks is higher than that of transitory shocks and the moments are equally weighted.
Global Nitrogen Mass Flux From the Active Freshwater Aquifer Element Pool
Authors: Wood Warren W. , Sanford Ward E. , Cherry John A. , Hyndman David W. , Wood Warren T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe estimated current global mean nitrogen concentration (geogenic + anthropogenic) in the active continental freshwater aquifer element pool is 1.1 mg/L as N, or between four and five times greater than the assumed geogenic mean. This concentration, combined with groundwater flux, generates a continental mass flux of 17 Tg N/y (teragrams of nitrogen, as N, per year) as a result of direct ocean discharge (0.67 Tg N/y), endorheic basins (1.2 Tg N/y), and cold‐wet (0.82 Tg N/y); cold‐dry (1.4 Tg N/y); warm‐dry (1.6 Tg N/y); and warm‐wet (11 Tg N/y) exorheic basins. These values are derived from a geospatial machine learning algorithm and combined groundwater‐modeled recharge in an ArcGIS environment. This active continental freshwater aquifer mass flux is between 35% and 40% of the continental integrated riverine system discharge, thus a significant component of the Earth's active continental freshwater nitrogen budget. We estimate the active continental freshwater aquifer volume to be between 1.4 and 2.8 million km3 suggesting a legacy of between 1.5 and 3.1 Pg as N (petagrams nitrogen as N) with mean residences of 90–180 years.
Increased Melting of Marine‐Terminating Glaciers by Sediment‐Laden Plumes
Authors: McConnochie C. D. , Cenedese C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper summarizes the results of the first investigation into the effect of particle‐laden plumes on glacier melting using laboratory experiments. We find that the melt rate, when the ice is exposed to a particle‐laden plume, can be larger than when exposed to an equivalent plume without particles. The increased melt rate is linked to an increase in the plume velocity in response to the presence of suspended particles. Including this increased velocity in a plume model improves melt rate predictions from the “three‐equation model” by approximately 45% for the range of particle concentrations used in this study.
What drives outcomes in infants of mothers with congenital heart disease? A mediation analysis
Authors: Young Brian T. , Baer Rebecca J. , Chambers Christina D. , Peyvandi Shabnam , Jelliffe-Pawlowski Laura L. , Steurer Martina A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Infants of mothers with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) are at increased risk for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. We aim to identify mediators in the relationship between ACHD and pregnancy and infant outcomes.

Study design
Case-control study using linked maternal and infant hospital records. Structural equation modeling was performed to assess for potential mediators of pregnancy and infant outcomes.

Result
We showed an increased risk of multiple adverse infant and pregnancy outcomes among infants born to mothers with ACHD. Maternal placental syndrome and congestive heart failure were mediators of prematurity. Prematurity and critical congenital heart disease in the infant were mediators of infant outcomes. However, the direct effect of ACHD on outcomes beyond that explained by these mediators remained significant.

Conclusion
While significant mediators of infant and pregnancy outcomes were identified, there was a large direct effect of maternal ACHD. Further studies should aim to identify more factors that explain these infants’ vulnerability.
Astragaloside IV derivative HHQ16 ameliorates infarction-induced hypertrophy and heart failure through degradation of lncRNA4012/9456
Authors: Wan Jingjing , Zhang Zhen , Wu Chennan , Tian Saisai , Zang Yibei , Jin Ge , Sun Qingyan , Wang Pin , Luan Xin , Yang Yili , Zhan Xuelin , Ye Lingyu Linda , Duan Dayue Darrel , Liu Xia , Zhang Weidong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReversing ventricular remodeling represents a promising treatment for the post-myocardial infarction (MI) heart failure (HF). Here, we report a novel small molecule HHQ16, an optimized derivative of astragaloside IV, which effectively reversed infarction-induced myocardial remodeling and improved cardiac function by directly acting on the cardiomyocyte to reverse hypertrophy. The effect of HHQ16 was associated with a strong inhibition of a newly discovered Egr2-affiliated transcript lnc9456 in the heart. While minimally expressed in normal mouse heart, lnc9456 was dramatically upregulated in the heart subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (LADL) and in cardiomyocytes subjected to hypertrophic stimulation. The critical role of lnc9456 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was confirmed by specific overexpression and knockout in vitro. A physical interaction between lnc9456 and G3BP2 increased NF-κB nuclear translocation, triggering hypertrophy-related cascades. HHQ16 physically bound to lnc9456 with a high-affinity and induced its degradation. Cardiomyocyte-specific lnc9456 overexpression induced, but knockout prevented LADL-induced, cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. HHQ16 reversed the effect of lnc9456 overexpression while lost its protective role when lnc9456 was deleted, further confirming lnc9456 as the bona fide target of HHQ16. We further identified the human ortholog of lnc9456, also an Egr2-affiliated transcript, lnc4012. Similarly, lnc4012 was significantly upregulated in hypertrophied failing hearts of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. HHQ16 also specifically bound to lnc4012 and caused its degradation and antagonized its hypertrophic effects. Targeted degradation of pathological increased lnc4012/lnc9456 by small molecules might serve as a novel promising strategy to regress infarction-induced cardiac hypertrophy and HF.
Systematic discovery of neoepitope–HLA pairs for neoantigens shared among patients and tumor types
Authors: Gurung Hem R. , Heidersbach Amy J. , Darwish Martine , Chan Pamela Pui Fung , Li Jenny , Beresini Maureen , Zill Oliver A. , Wallace Andrew , Tong Ann-Jay , Hascall Dan , Torres Eric , Chang Andy , Lou Kenny ‘Hei-Wai’ , Abdolazimi Yassan , Hammer Christian , Xavier-Magalhães Ana , Marcu Ana , Vaidya Samir , Le Daniel D. , Akhmetzyanova Ilseyar , Oh Soyoung A. , Moore Amanda J. , Uche Uzodinma N. , Laur Melanie B. , Notturno Richard J. , Ebert Peter J. R. , Blanchette Craig , Haley Benjamin , Rose Christopher M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe broad application of precision cancer immunotherapies is limited by the number of validated neoepitopes that are common among patients or tumor types. To expand the known repertoire of shared neoantigen–human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complexes, we developed a high-throughput platform that coupled an in vitro peptide–HLA binding assay with engineered cellular models expressing individual HLA alleles in combination with a concatenated transgene harboring 47 common cancer neoantigens. From more than 24,000 possible neoepitope–HLA combinations, biochemical and computational assessment yielded 844 unique candidates, of which 86 were verified after immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry analyses of engineered, monoallelic cell lines. To evaluate the potential for immunogenicity, we identified T cell receptors that recognized select neoepitope–HLA pairs and elicited a response after introduction into human T cells. These cellular systems and our data on therapeutically relevant neoepitopes in their HLA contexts will aid researchers studying antigen processing as well as neoepitope targeting therapies.
A parametric study on the analysis of thermosolutal convection for magneto-hydrodynamics dependent viscous fluid
Authors: Bano Sadia , Alam M. Kamran , Khan Aamir , Saqib Abdul Baseer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article explores the influence of Joule heating and viscous dissipation on the unsteady three-dimensional squeezing flow of Newtonian fluid. The flow in a rotating channel with a lower stretched permeable wall is observed under the influence of a uniform magnetic field. The impact of thermal radiation is also considered. The effects of mass and heat transfer on the squeezing flow of Newtonian fluids are observed and modelled using the four fundamental governing equations of fluid flow: the mass equation, momentum equation, concentration equation, and energy equation. Using the appropriate similarity transformations, the resultant non-linear partial differential equations are then transformed into ordinary differential equations. The analytical strategy is developed using the homotopy analysis method to obtain the series solution. The influence of several physical parameters, including the squeezing parameter, the suction parameter, the magnetic number, the rotation parameter, the Eckert number, the Prandtl number, the Dufour number, the Soret number, the radiation parameter, and the Schmidt number, on the velocity profile, energy, and concentration are also discussed through graphs. Additionally, it is observed that enhancing the top plate’s squeezing impact causes a rise in the velocity profile while lowering the temperature and concentration distribution. It is also found that for the velocity field, increasing the magnetic number shows a decrease in the value of the velocity field along the y- and z-axis, whereas the velocity field along the x-axis exhibits dual behavior, such that it initially falls as the magnetic number intensifies but starts to rise in the upper region of the channel. The impact of the Dufour, Soret, and Eckert numbers on temperature and concentration distribution is also studied. It is found that while these numbers directly affect the temperature distribution, the mass distribution follows the opposite trend. Also, it is noticed that the thermal radiation parameter is an increasing function of temperature and mass distribution. Further, graphs and tables are presented to illustrate an error analysis.
The nature of protein intake as a discriminating factor of diet sustainability: a multi-criteria approach
Authors: Toujgani Hafsa , Brunin Joséphine , Perraud Elie , Allès Benjamin , Touvier Mathilde , Lairon Denis , Mariotti François , Pointereau Philippe , Baudry Julia , Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnimal production is responsible for 56–58% of the GHG emissions and limiting meat consumption would strongly contribute to reducing human health risks in Western countries. This study aimed to investigate the nature of protein intake as a discriminating factor for diets’ sustainability. Using data from 29,210 French adults involved in the NutriNet-Santé cohort, we identified clusters according to 23 protein sources. A multicriteria (environmental, economic, nutritional and health) sustainability analysis was then conducted on the identified clusters. The economic analysis focused on both food and protein expenditure structures, using a budget coefficient approach. Relative values of clusters compared to the whole sample were calculated. We identified five clusters: milk-based, meat-based, fast food-based, healthy-fish-based, and healthy-plant-based. We found that the healthy-plant-based and healthy-fish-based clusters were the most sustainable, conciliating the compromise between human health (0.25 and 0.53 respectively for the Health Risk Score) and the protection of the environment (− 62% and − 19% respectively for the pReCiPe indicator). Conversely, the highest environmental impacts (+ 33% for the pReCiPe indicator) and the highest health risk (0.95 for the HRS) were observed for the meat-based cluster, which was associated with the lowest nutritional scores (− 61% for the PNNS-GS2 score). The economic analysis showed that the healthy-plant-based cluster was the one with the highest food budget coefficient (+ 46%), followed by the healthy-fish-based cluster (+ 8%), partly explained by a strong share of organic food in the diet. However, the meat-based cluster spent more of their food budget on their protein intake (+ 13%), while the healthy-plant-based cluster exhibited the lowest expenditure for this intake (− 41%). Our results demonstrate that the nature of protein intake is a discriminating factor in diet sustainability. Also, reducing animal protein consumption would generate co-benefits beyond environmental impacts, by being favorable for health, while reducing the monetary cost associated with protein intake.
The effect of neuter status on longevity in the Rottweiler dog
Authors: Joonè Carolynne J. , Konovalov Dmitry A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSurgical sterilization or neutering of dogs is a commonly performed procedure in veterinary practices in many countries. In recent decades, concerns have been raised regarding possible side effects of neutering, including increased risk of certain neoplastic, musculoskeletal and endocrinological conditions. Considering that age serves as a significant confounding factor for some of these conditions, evaluating longevity statistics could provide valuable insights into the impact of neutering. The aim of this study was to compare longevity between neutered and sexually intact male and female Rottweilers, using electronic patient records collected by the VetCompass Australia database. Male and female Rottweilers neutered before 1 year of age (n = 207) demonstrated an expected lifespan 1.5 years and 1 year shorter, respectively, than their intact counterparts (n = 3085; p < 0.05). Broadening this analysis to include animals neutered before the age of 4.5 years (n = 357) produced similar results.
Modulated complexed stenosed region consequences under the electroosmotic stimulation
Authors: Ijaz S. , Shaheen S. , Shahzadi Iqra , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present study analyzes the theoretical consequences of slip effects in a complex stenosed region. The flow of blood in a stenosed region is incorporated with hybrid nanofluid features which are being prepared with copper and copper oxide nanoparticles. The flow is also intensified by applying an electric field in the axial direction. The governing equations for the proposed paradigm are solved and the corresponding closed-form solutions are obtained for the cases of mild stenosis. Parameters such as Electro-osmotic, velocity slip and Helmholtz–Smoluchowski are specially focused in this study. The heat transfer, hemodynamic velocity, wall shear stress and resistance impedance for the flow are precisely determined. The various parameters that influence the physical characteristics of flow are plotted, and their effects are discussed in detail. The present model has the potential application in medical pumps for drug delivery systems.
Plasma metabolomics supports non-fasted sampling for metabolic profiling across a spectrum of glucose tolerance in the Nile rat model for type 2 diabetes
Authors: Anderson Benton J. , Curtis Anne M. , Jen Annie , Thomson James A. , Clegg Dennis O. , Jiang Peng , Coon Joshua J. , Overmyer Katherine A. , Toh Huishi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractType 2 diabetes is a challenge in modern healthcare, and animal models are necessary to identify underlying mechanisms. The Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) develops diet-induced diabetes rapidly on a conventional rodent chow diet without genetic or chemical manipulation. Unlike common laboratory models, the outbred Nile rat model is diurnal and has a wide range of overt diabetes onset and diabetes progression patterns in both sexes, better mimicking the heterogeneous diabetic phenotype in humans. While fasted blood glucose has historically been used to monitor diabetic progression, postprandial blood glucose is more sensitive to the initial stages of diabetes. However, there is a long-held assumption that ad libitum feeding in rodent models leads to increased variance, thus masking diabetes-related metabolic changes in the plasma. Here we compared repeatability within triplicates of non-fasted or fasted plasma samples and assessed metabolic changes relevant to glucose tolerance in fasted and non-fasted plasma of 8–10-week-old male Nile rats. We used liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry lipidomics and polar metabolomics to measure relative metabolite abundances in the plasma samples. We found that, compared to fasted metabolites, non-fasted plasma metabolites are not only more strongly associated with glucose tolerance on the basis of unsupervised clustering and elastic net regression model, but also have a lower replicate variance. Between the two sampling groups, we detected 66 non-fasted metabolites and 32 fasted metabolites that were associated with glucose tolerance using a combined approach with multivariable elastic net and individual metabolite linear models. Further, to test if metabolite replicate variance is affected by age and sex, we measured non-fasted replicate variance in a cohort of mature 30-week-old male and female Nile rats. Our results support using non-fasted plasma metabolomics to study glucose tolerance in Nile rats across the progression of diabetes.