bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Prevalence and Consequences of Mental Health Disorders among Youths: A Focus on Secondary School Students in Hong Kong.
Authors: Fang Tyler 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Young people are significantly affected by mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress. Mental health education and awareness have been proven effective in preventing these disorders. However, there is evidence that mental health education is lacking or voluntary in local secondary schools in Hong Kong, increasing the vulnerability of young people in local schools compared to their peers in international schools. Therefore, understanding the prevalence of mental health disorders among local secondary school students in Hong Kong is crucial to highlight the necessity of mental health education and support in addressing these challenges effectively.
Objective
The objective of this study is to assess the mental health of young people attending local secondary schools in Hong Kong. By gaining a deeper understanding of the prevalent mental health issues, the study emphasises the need for mental health awareness in local schools in Hong Kong.
Methods
The study utilized a quantitative survey method to collect data on mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress among from 377 local secondary school students in Hong Kong. The survey employed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS 21) to measure the prevalence of mental health disorders. Inferential analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26 to generate the result of this study.
Results
The study findings indicate that 33.3% of local secondary students experienced depression, 41.4% experienced anxiety, and 49% experienced stress. Additionally, there were gender variations across all mental health disorders, with females reporting higher levels of severe depression, anxiety, and stress compared to male students in local secondary schools.
Conclusions
This study emphasizes the high prevalence and severity of mental health conditions among local secondary school students in Hong Kong, highlighting the importance of integrating mental health education into the curriculum of these schools. It reveals a significant proportion of students experiencing poor mental health, particularly depression, anxiety, and stress. Gender disparities are observed, with females experiencing more severe mental health conditions. The study underscores the importance of targeted interventions and support for females, while promoting mental health awareness and reducing stigma for all students. Further research is recommended to understand underlying factors and inform evidence-based interventions. Proactive measures are necessary to address mental health concerns and create a supportive environment for young people in Hong Kong, especially in local secondary schools.
Transfection of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B into hypertrophic cardiomyocytes promotes angiogenesis by increasing endothelial cell VEGFR1 phosphorylation levels
Authors: Wang Xing , Yang Qian , Xie Yang , Wu Yan , Ma Xiaohu , Xi Shaojing , Tian Hongwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited heart disease characterized by the thickening of the left ventricular wall. HCM with normal epicardial coronary arteries often reveals microvascular rarefaction and myocardial ischemia. Myocardial ischemia refers to a condition in which there is inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle, resulting in a reduced oxygen supply. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B (VEGF-B) plays a role in angiogenesis. It promotes the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, which are the building blocks of blood vessels. However, there is currently no specific research available on the effects and mechanisms of VEGF-B on vascular regeneration in HCM. This study aims to investigate the effects of VEGF-B on vascular regeneration in HCM.
Methods
This study transfected hypertrophic cardiomyocytes stimulated by Angiotensin II (Ang II) with VEGF-B and co-cultured them with human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs) to assess endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis to explore the role of VEGF-B in vascular regeneration in HCM.
Results
After co-culturing VEGF-B-transfected hypertrophic cardiomyocytes with HUVECs, we observed a significant increase in HUVEC proliferation in the VEGF-B-transfected group compared to the control group. Additionally, the tube formation ability was also enhanced in the VEGF-B-transfected group. We also found a significant increase in the expression of p-VEGFR1Y1213 in HUVECs co-cultured with VEGF-B-transfected hypertrophic cardiomyocytes compared to the control group.
Conclusions
In conclusion, overexpression of VEGF-B in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes can promote endothelial cell proliferation and vascular formation. This finding suggests that overexpression of VEGF-B in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes may be a potential therapeutic approach for treating myocardial ischemia in HCM.
Identifying Feature Biomarkers Related to Disulfidptosis and Immune Cell Infiltration in Osteoarthritis through Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: zhang zhengchao , He Jiayu , Zhu Yiren , He Wubing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to identify feature genes, pathways, and infiltrating immune cells related to the metabolic mechanisms of cellular disulfidptosis in osteoarthritis (OA) through bioinformatics analysis.
Method: Expression profiles from two Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GSE207881 and GSE98918) were analyzed to study OA. The datasets included 63 and 12 OA patients, respectively, alongside control subjects. Differential expression analysis was performed after data preprocessing using the ‘limma’ package in R. A co-expression network was constructed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and modules highly correlated with disulfidptosis were identified. Gene functionality was explored through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA). Additionally, the protein–protein interactions (PPI) of the key genes were analyzed using GeneMANIA. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted on the network genes. Furthermore, the diagnostic potential of the selected genes was evaluated, and immune infiltration analysis was performed.
Result: A total of 522 differentially expressed genes with statistical significance were identified. GSEA and GSVA analyses revealed multiple significantly enriched signaling pathways, such as ribosome, melanogenesis, and leukocyte transendothelial migration. Nine co-expression modules related to disulfidptosis were screened by WGCNA, of which the blue module (n = 353) showed the strongest positive correlation (r = 0.78, p < 0.05). Intersection analysis further identified 13 hub genes. Through PPI networks and GO and KEGG analyses, these hub genes were found to be significantly enriched in the Notch signaling pathway, and the expression of genes in this pathway was validated. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of these hub genes was greater than 0.6, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for OA. Immune cell analysis showed that the genes TUSC3 and SOX5 have a significant relationship with type 17 T helper cells (p < 0.001). An RNA-binding protein (RBP)–mRNA interaction network comprising 68 nodes, 61 RBPs, 7 mRNAs, and 271 edges was constructed using the StarBase online database.
Conclusion: This study used bioinformatics techniques to reveal 13 hub genes, complex co-expression networks, and unique immune cell interactions, thereby providing insights into the cellular mechanisms of disulfidptosis in OA. These findings lay the groundwork for future approaches to diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.
Developmental Characteristics of the Upper Lateral Incisor in Unilateral Clefts
Authors: Knüppe Tim B. A. , Haj Mona , Strabbing Elske M. , Wolvius Eppo B. , Monroy Paola L. Carvajal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aims to provide insights into the developmental characteristics of the upper lateral incisor in individuals with unilateral clefts.
Materials and Methods
Panoramic radiographs of a consistent group of Caucasian children taken over time (ages 6, 9, and 12) were extensively reviewed. The study assessed the distribution pattern, eruption path, tooth development, and crown size of the upper lateral incisor within the cleft region.
Results
The most commonly observed distribution pattern was the lateral incisor located distal to the cleft, accounting for 49.2% of cases. Furthermore, a significant delay in tooth development of the upper lateral incisor on the cleft side was noted at ages 6 and 9 (p > 0.001). Compared with the non-cleft side, these incisors often erupted along the alveolar cleft and exhibited microdontia (88.3%, p < 0.041).
Conclusion
Lateral incisors on the cleft side display unique distribution patterns, microdontia, and delayed tooth development. Careful monitoring of the cuspid's eruption is essential, as it can influence the eruption of the lateral incisor.
Clinical Relevance
A comprehensive understanding of the development of the upper lateral incisor relative to the cleft is vital for determining its prognosis over time. The position of the upper lateral incisor can also influence the timing and prognosis of secondary alveolar bone grafting. Preserving the upper lateral incisor favors arch length, perimeter, and symmetry in individuals with unilateral clefts.
Seasonal Succession, Host Associations and Biochemical Roles of Aquatic Viruses in a Eutrophic Lake Plagued by Cyanobacterial Blooms
Authors: Yuan Ling , Yu Pingfeng , Huang Xinyu , Zhao Ze , Chen Linxing , Ju Feng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background.
Viruses are important biogeochemical mediators and ecological drivers in freshwater ecosystems. Although the environmental implications of viruses in ecosystems have been preliminarily explored, the dynamics of viruses and host associations over the seasons and blooming periods in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems remain elusive.
Results.
Here, we recovered 41,997 unique viral clusters at approximately species level from planktonic microbiomes of Lake Taihu, a large and eutrophic lake that suffered from yearly Microcystis-dominated harmful algal blooms (HABs) in China. The viral clusters showed distinct seasonal succession driven by environmental factors (mainly nutrients and temperature) and microbial communities (mainly Cyanobacteria and Planctomycetes). Host prediction highlighted the roles of the viruses in affecting the bacteria-driven nitrogen and phosphate cycling through infection. Further statistical analyses revealed that the HAB-induced environmental and microbial variations affected viral strategies including lifestyles, host range, and virus-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes (vAMGs) distributions. Viruses infecting Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria showed enhanced lysogenic lifestyle and condensed host ranges during HAB peak in summer, while viruses infecting Bacteroidota selected the opposite strategy. Notably, vAMGs were most abundant before HAB outbreak in spring, compensating for host bacterial metabolism including carbohydrates metabolism, photosynthesis, and phosphate regulation.
Conclusion.
This study elucidated relationship between viral community and bloom-associated environment, suggested the dynamic viral strategies and prominent biochemical roles in the eutrophic freshwater ecosystems.
An Analysis of the Perspectives of Healthcare Workers and those in Training During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico
Authors: Yanet Cortés Moreno Gabriela , Jesús Torres Ruiz Miguel , Heald Adrian H , Warner-Levy John , Eleazar Lara Padilla , Rosalba Garduño Zarazúa , Antonio Franco Vadillo , de Jesús Peralta Romero José , Bruno Mendoza Ramírez José , Nilson Contreras Carreto , Javier Mancilla Ramírez 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
To address the COVID-19 pandemic, health systems have used all their resources at hand, even their health workers in training. Knowing the insights of those who worked during the pandemic is paramount to generating adequate educative, political, and administrative strategies for future health emergencies.
Methods
This study consisted of a cross-sectional online survey, produced by the Mexican General Directorate of Quality and Health Education (Dirección General de Calidad y Educación), and had a convenience sample of 6,020 health workers in the healthcare delivery area.
Results
Both positive and negative feelings and opinions were expressed by the health workers. Many opinions were commonly shared, such as the need for a greater level of personal protective equipment (PPE). Furthermore, among the feelings expressed, distrust, fear, sadness, anticipation, anger, disgust, joy, and surprise stood out as exceptionally common.
Conclusions
Overall, the health workers in Mexico gave a negative evaluation of the management of the COVID-19 pandemic. Distrust due to the absence of timely information from the education and health institutions, as well as concern about the lack of personal protective equipment, were the main concerns reported. We, therefore, must establish a credible and globally relevant continuity plan for the education of healthcare workers, and those in training who will likely face future health emergencies to prevent similar concerns from arising.
Enhancing CO2 Electroreduction Precision to Ethylene and Ethanol: The Role of Additional Boron Catalytic Sites in Cu-Based Tandem Catalysts
Authors: Wang Hongming , Yu Fuqing , Shu Minxing , Zhang Guangyao , Yu Qiming , Xia Guomin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable multicarbon (C2+) compounds offers a promising approach to mitigate CO2 emissions and harness renewable energy resources. However, achieving precise selectivity for specific C2+ products, such as ethylene and ethanol, poses a formidable challenge. This investigation advances the concept that incorporating elemental boron (B) into copper (Cu) catalysts can serve as supplementary adsorption sites for *CO intermediates in subsequent reduction reactions, thereby enhancing the selectivity of desirable C2+ products. Furthermore, the utilization of a nickel single atom catalyst (Ni-SAC) as a *CO source component elevates local *CO concentration and mitigates the hydrogen evolution reaction. In-situ experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that surface-bound boron units adsorb and convert *CO more efficiently, promoting ethylene production, while B elements within the bulk phase of copper influence charge transfer and lattice alignment, facilitating ethanol generation. In a neutral electrolyte, the bias current density for ethylene production using the CuB2-Ni0.05SAC hybrid catalyst exceeded 300 mA cm-2, and that for ethanol production with CuB5-Ni0.2SAC surpassed 250 mA cm-2. This study underscores that elemental doping in Cu-based catalysts not only induces alterations in charge and crystalline phase arrangement at Cu sites but also serves as supplementary reduction sites for coupling reactions, enabling the efficient synthesis of distinct C2+ products.
Sustainable Cultivation of Coconut Palms: Soil Fertility Status of Traditional Palm Groves of South India
Authors: Sreeja T N , Ray J G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Achieving sustainability in the productivity of crops has become essential in fulfilling the global sustainable developmental goals (SDG), which is impossible without continuous monitoring of the soil fertility status of traditional fields of specific crops worldwide. Palms and palm products, primarily Coconut palm, remain crucial to the world's sustainable rural, urban, and industrial development, especially in the tropics. Accordingly, the current study focuses on the soil fertility status of one of the most intensively Coconut-cultivated regions of South India, Kerala, concerning palm varieties, soil types, health conditions, and agroclimatic zones in two seasons. The data generated is valid globally for better comparison of the soil fertility issues of palm groves worldwide. Comparative account of soil fertility parameters such as soil pH, field water content (FWC), total organic carbon (TOC), soil available nitrogen (SAN), soil available phosphorus (SAP), and soil available potassium (SAK) of palm groves under 14 various soil series are discussed. The soil pH of most Coconut fields remains below seven; nitrogen and potassium are deficient in most fields, whereas carbon and phosphorus are high. The findings suggest the significance of continuous monitoring of NPK nutrient regimes and soil pH and carbon content in the fields for ensuring the sustainability of Coconut production and soil health maintenance in palm fields. Overall, the investigation stands as a model for monitoring crop fields worldwide to ensure food security and safety sustainability, especially in wet tropics, to overcome the climate crisis, and to achieve the targets of SDG 30.
Genetically proxied HTRA1 protease activity and circulating levels independently predict risk of ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease
Authors: Dichgans Martin , Malik Rainer , Beaufort Nathalie , Tanaka Koki , Georgakis Marios , He Yunye , Koido Masaru , Terao Chikashi , Anderson Christopher , Kamatani Yoichiro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

HTRA1 has emerged as a major risk gene for stroke and cerebral small vessel disease with both rare and common variants contributing to disease risk. However, the precise mechanisms mediating this risk remain largely unknown as does the full spectrum of phenotypes associated with genetic variation in HTRA1 in the general population. Using a family-history informed approach, we first show that rare variants in HTRA1 are linked to ischemic stroke in 425,338 European individuals from the UK Biobank with replication in 143,149 individuals from the Biobank Japan. Integrating data from biochemical experiments on 76 mutations occurring in the UK Biobank, we next show that rare variants causing loss of protease function in vitro associate with ischemic stroke, coronary artery disease, and skeletal traits. In addition, a common causal variant (rs2672592) modulating circulating HTRA1 mRNA and protein levels enhances the risk of ischemic stroke, small vessel stroke, and coronary artery disease while lowering the risk of migraine and age-related macular dystrophy in GWAS and UK Biobank data from > 2,000,000 individuals. There was no evidence of an interaction between genetically proxied HTRA1 activity and levels. Our findings demonstrate a central role of HTRA1 for human disease including stroke and coronary artery disease and identify two independent mechanisms that might qualify as targets for future therapeutic interventions.
Hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane polymers: terminal sticker group influences on thickening and dispersing
Authors: Zhou Han , NIU Lin , FAN Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In order to clearly demonstrate the influences of terminal sticker group on thickening & dispersing, series of ethoxylated urethane polymers were prepared with tristyrylphenol ethoxylate (TP) and polyethylene glycol methyl ether (MP) as terminal groups, respectively. Viscosity behaviors of both series were studied for polymer aqueous solutions and thickened latex. MP series did not show obvious thickening effects. For TP series, viscosity of polymer aqueous solutions and thickened latex increased with the hydrophobic group percentage in polymers, instead of Mw. It is assumed that higher hydrophobic group percentage means more sticker sites in system for aggregation or adsorption, which contribute to the thickening. PEG segments are the frame of the thickening network but need hydrophobic stickers to fix them as well as avoid entanglement. This is proved by the results of rheology testings. Adsorption of polymers on latex particles was observed with DLS and TEM. Obvious hydraulic layer around latex particles could be seen for TP series. Synthesized polymers were also utilized to disperse carbon black pigment, to see if we could combine thickener and dispersant together for paints applications. MP series showed good dispersing performance. For TP series, with the decreasing of hydrophobic sticker groups percentage, the polymers showed better dispersing performance. For particle size and viscosity, TP series are still worse than MP series; but for color strength, TP series were comparable or even better. This is because HEUR polymer chain could adsorb onto one pigment particle while flexible PEG chain curls to supply steric stability effect for pigment particle. With above observation, it will be possible to develop one type of dispersing & thickening 2-in-1 additives for paints.
Prediction of Emergency Department Revisits among Child and Youth Mental Health Outpatients Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Saggu Simran , Daneshvar Hirad , Samavi Reza , Pires Paulo , Sassi Roberto B. , Doyle Thomas E. , Zhao Judy , Mauluddin Ahmad , Duncan Laura 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The proportion of Canadian youth seeking mental health support from an emergency department (ED) has risen in recent years. As EDs typically address urgent mental health crises, revisiting an ED may represent unmet mental health needs. Accurate ED revisit prediction could aid early intervention and ensure efficient healthcare resource allocation. We examine the potential increased accuracy and performance of graph neural network (GNN) machine learning models compared to recurrent neural network (RNN) and a baseline regression models for predicting ED revisit in electronic health record (EHR) data.
Methods
This study used EHR data for children and youth aged 4–17 seeking services at McMaster Children's Hospital's Child and Youth Mental Health Program outpatient services to develop and evaluate GNN and RNN models to predict whether a child/youth with an ED visit had an ED revisit within 30 days. Candidate GNN and RNN models were developed and the best performing of each model was selected for comparison. Model performance for a GNN, RNN and a logistic regression was evaluated using F1 scores.
Results
The GNN model outperformed the best performing RNN model by an F1-score increase of 0.0287. Precision, recall, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and positive and negative predictive values showed that both the RNN and GNN models performed better than the baseline logistic regression model and that performance increases were most noticeable for recall and negative predictive value (59% vs. 66%) than for precision and positive predictive value (62% vs. 66%).
Conclusions
This study demonstrates the improved accuracy and potential utility of GNN models in predicting ED revisits among children and youth, although model performance may not be sufficient for clinical implementation. Given the improvements in recall and negative predictive value, GNN models should be further explored to develop algorithms that can inform clinical decision-making in ways that facilitate targeted interventions, optimize resource allocation, and improve outcomes for children and youth.