bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of epilepsy surgery on developmental trajectories of children under 3 years of age
Authors: Wu Yuan , Zhang Qian , Deng Yutong , Ding Xiang , Xie Han , Wang Shuang , Liu Chang , Li Ming , Cai Lixin , Jiang Yuwu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the developmental effects of epilepsy surgery in young children.MethodThis study retrospectively reviewed 315 consecutive children under 3 years of age, and ultimately included 89 children (48 males, 41 females) with pre‐ and postsurgery developmental evaluations.ResultsThe mean general quotient before surgery was 46.7 (SD 24.7). Before surgery, the general quotient decreased in 77.6% of patients, while after surgery it increased in 55.1%. Furthermore, 70% of those 20 patients whose presurgical general quotient decreased by more than 10 points experienced positive changes. General quotient scores decreased in 15 out of the 22 patients classified in the normal/marginal presurgical category. Children who underwent surgery before the age of 12 months had a median gain in general quotient score by 7.6. Short‐term general quotient scores were highly correlated with long‐term scores (r = 0.909, p < 0.001).InterpretationSurgical intervention was more inclined to positively impact developmental trajectories within a short postsurgical period, particularly among those affected by severe epileptic activity. However, in children with relatively typical development, certain developmental setbacks may arise. Postsurgical short‐term developmental outcomes could predict longer‐term outcomes.
The wage curve after the Great Recession
Authors: Blanchflower David , Bryson Alex , Spurling Jackson 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMost economists maintain that the labour market in the USA (and elsewhere) is ‘tight’ because unemployment rates are low, and the Beveridge curve (the vacancies‐to‐unemployment ratio) is high. They infer from this that there is potential for wage‐push inflation. However, real wages fell rapidly in 2022, and prior to that, real wages had been stagnant for some time. We show that unemployment is not key to understanding wage formation in the USA, and has not been since the Great Recession. Instead, we show that rates of underemployment (the percentage of workers with part‐time hours who would prefer more hours) and the rate of inactivity (the percentage of the civilian adult population who are out of the labour force) reduce wage pressure in the USA. This finding holds in panel data with state and year fixed effects in both annual and quarterly data for the period 1980–2022, and is supportive of a wage curve that fits the data much better than a Phillips curve. The unemployment rate no longer enters significantly negative in wage equations, however specified, in the years since 2008.
Low‐head dam fragmentation, habitat alteration, and invasive predators degrade a Western United States stream fish assemblage
Authors: Haworth Matthew R. , Bestgen Kevin R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDams fragment streams, alter hydrology and habitat, and facilitate establishment of nonnative species worldwide to the detriment of native biota. Understanding and mitigating these effects to conserve and restore stream fish assemblages has relied on short‐ and long‐term datasets to assess acute and chronic change through time, craft management strategies, and measure remediation success. We used sampling records collected over a 29‐year period (1993–2021) to examine likely causes of fish assemblage change in the Cache la Poudre River, Colorado, USA. Numerous low‐head dams have reduced connectivity and altered flow, temperature, and habitat in the transition zone, a reach that historically supported rare and sensitive taxa valuable to regional biodiversity. We found diversity, distribution, and abundance of native species declined since the early 1990s, with formerly rare taxa extirpated and some common species becoming rare. Native taxa remained numerically dominant in warmer downstream reaches most affected by streamflow diversion but were incrementally reduced in richness and abundance upstream of low‐head dams without fishways. Concurrently, nonnative Brown Trout Salmo trutta increased in distribution and abundance, dominating upstream reaches that receive cooler and more stable flows, and expanding into downstream reaches where they were formerly absent, with likely negative consequences for native fishes. In the absence of mitigation, these collective effects, plus recent wildfire disturbance and future water development, will continue to degrade stream fish assemblages in our study area, and worldwide, where resource managers face the often‐competing interests of conserving native species, providing recreational fisheries, and meeting increasing water demands.
Minimal residual disease monitoring in acute myeloid leukemia: Focus on MFC‐MRD and treatment guidance for elderly patients
Authors: Sun Yue , Zhu Gelan , Zhong Hua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is distinguished by clonal growth of myeloid precursor cells, which impairs normal hematopoiesis. Minimal residual disease (MRD) refers to the residual leukemia cells that persist after chemotherapy. Patients who test positive for MRD have a higher likelihood of experiencing a recurrence, regardless of the specific chemotherapy approach used. Multi‐parameter flow cytometry (MFC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and next‐generation sequencing (NGS) are commonly employed techniques for identifying MRD. In the context of AML, patients are frequently monitored for measurable residual disease via multi‐parameter flow cytometry (MFC‐MRD). In order to explore recent advancements in AML and MRD diagnosis, an extensive search of the PubMed database was conducted, focusing on relevant research in the past 20 years. This review aims to examine various MRD monitoring methods, the optimal time points for assessment, as well as different specimen types used. Additionally, it underscores the significance of MFC‐MRD assessment in guiding the treatment of elderly AML.
A Workflow for Minimizing Errors in Template‐Based Automated Item‐Generation Development
Authors: Fu Yanyan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe template‐based automated item‐generation (TAIG) approach that involves template creation, item generation, item selection, field‐testing, and evaluation has more steps than the traditional item development method. Consequentially, there is more margin for error in this process, and any template errors can be cascaded to the generated items. Therefore, it is essential to eliminate the source of errors and ensure the quality of the template so items can be problem‐free. The article introduces a process to reduce template errors at the early stage of template development, minimize the impact of template errors on generated items, and increase the survival rates of generated items. The article also discusses a statistical method to establish confidence in the quality of the template by systematically examining the quality of the generated items. The proposed method can reduce the review process for some items generated from a template.
Current state of the epilepsy drug and device pipeline
Authors: Terman Samuel W. , Kirkpatrick Laura , Akiyama Lisa F. , Baajour Wadih , Atilgan Deniz , Dorotan Maria Kristina C. , Choi Hyoung Won , French Jacqueline A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe field of epilepsy has undergone substantial advances as we develop novel drugs and devices. Yet considerable challenges remain in developing broadly effective, well‐tolerated treatments, but also precision treatments for rare epilepsies and seizure‐monitoring devices. We summarize major recent and ongoing innovations in diagnostic and therapeutic products presented at the seventeenth Epilepsy Therapies & Diagnostics Development (ETDD) conference, which occurred May 31 to June 2, 2023, in Aventura, Florida. Therapeutics under development are targeting genetics, ion channels and other neurotransmitters, and many other potentially first‐in‐class interventions such as stem cells, glycogen metabolism, cholesterol, the gut microbiome, and novel modalities for delivering electrical neuromodulation.
Increased belowground tree carbon allocation in a mature mixed forest in a dry versus a wet year
Authors: Rog Ido , Hilman Boaz , Fox Hagar , Yalin David , Qubaja Rafat , Klein Tamir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTree species differ in their carbon (C) allocation strategies during environmental change. Disentangling species‐specific strategies and contribution to the C balance of mixed forests requires observations at the individual tree level. We measured a complete set of C pools and fluxes at the tree level in five tree species, conifers and broadleaves, co‐existing in a mature evergreen mixed Mediterranean forest. Our study period included a drought year followed by an above‐average wet year, offering an opportunity to test the effect of water availability on tree C allocation. We found that in comparison to the wet year, C uptake was lower in the dry year, C use was the same, and allocation to belowground sinks was higher. Among the five major C sinks, respiration was the largest (ca. 60%), while root exudation (ca. 10%) and reproduction (ca. 2%) were those that increased the most in the dry year. Most trees relied on stored starch for maintaining a stable soluble sugars balance, but no significant differences were detected in aboveground storage between dry and wet years. The detailed tree‐level analysis of nonstructural carbohydrates and δ13C dynamics suggest interspecific differences in C allocation among fluxes and tissues, specifically in response to the varying water availability. Overall, our findings shed light on mixed forest physiological responses to drought, an increasing phenomenon under the ongoing climate change.
Recent work on indenture in the British World
Authors: Auerbach Sascha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the historiography of indentured labor in the 18th and 19th centuries, along with a brief narrative of the origin and definition of indenture. It traces the evolution of the history of indenture in the “British World” (defined here as the areas under both formal and informal British imperial control) from a neglected field to a major focus of historical study. The final section summarizes the current state of the field, assessing how it has moved beyond its earlier focus on social history, demographics, and diaspora studies to become an entry point for wider discussions about the history of imperialism and colonialism, the global history of capitalism, and the history of networks and exchanges between the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean Worlds.
Masstige marketing in 2023 and beyond: An introduction to the special issue on masstige marketing
Authors: Unnithan Anandakuttan B. , Laroche Michel , Kumar Ajay 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe recent interest of marketers in adopting masstige strategy is a testimony to its potential. But, the dialogue on masstige among research community is not befitting its requirement. This special issue was launched to address this pressing demand towards masstige research. This special issue serves the masstige theory with eight rigorous research papers covering utmost relevant varied aspects of masstige. Papers in this special issue establish the relevance of masstige strategy for hitherto less explored aspects like services, old‐age consumers, short‐ and long‐term happiness, and so forth. Novel insights are offered along with future research propositions for masstige research. Our aim of this special issue is well addressed by generating and advancing interest of scholars towards masstige and thereby extending the current horizons of masstige research.
Economic policy uncertainty, ownership structure, and R&D investment: Evidence from Japan
Authors: Chen Po‐Lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUsing listed Japanese firms, we examine changes in R&D investment decisions during periods of high economic policy uncertainty and politics uncertainty (EPU). We find that under high EPU, firms are more persistent in their previous R&D investment and reduce their responsiveness to sales growth, while the mechanism of EPU occurs mainly through fiscal policy. We also identify heterogeneities in ownership structure and find that high director ownership encourages R&D in firms with greater growth opportunities despite higher EPU. Moreover, Japanese directors suffer from the “quiet life problem,” which further reduces their incentive to change R&D investment during periods of EPU.
Gross morphology of the brain and some sense organs of subterranean pencil catfishes of the genus ItuglanisCosta and Bockmann, 1993 (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae), with a discussion on sensory compensation versus preadaptation in subterranean fishes
Authors: Rizzato Pedro P. , Bichuette Maria Elina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSubterranean organisms provide excellent opportunities to investigate morphological evolution, especially of sensory organs and structures and their processing areas in the central nervous system. We describe the gross morphology of the brain and some cephalic sensory organs (olfactory organ, eye, semicircular canals of the inner ear) and the swim bladder (a non‐sensory accessory structure) of subterranean species of pencil catfishes of the genus Ituglanis Costa and Bockmann, 1993 (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) and compare them with an epigean species of the genus, Ituglanis goya Datovo, Aquino and Langeani, 2016. We compared qualitatively the size of the different brain regions and sense organs of the subterranean species with those of the epigean one, searching for modifications possibly associated with living in the subterranean environment. Our findings suggest that species of Ituglanis exhibit sensory characteristics that are preadaptive for the subterranean life, as only slight modifications were observed in the brains and sense organs of the subterranean species of the genus when compared with the epigean one. Because most subterranean fish species belong to lineages putatively preadapted for subterranean life, our results, discussed in the context of available information on the brain and sense organs of other subterranean species, help identify general trends for the evolution of the brain and sensory organs of subterranean fishes in general.
Effect of inoculation (pre‐ vs. post‐grinding) of black pepper on decimal reduction time of Salmonella spp. and Enterococcus faeciumNRRL B‐2354
Authors: Wason Surabhi , Fuerte Yhuliana Kattalina Nino , Rojas Rossana Villa , Subbiah Jeyamkondan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe laboratory inoculation techniques should ideally mimic the real‐life environment to reliably estimate the decimal reduction time (D‐value) of bacteria for process validation. This study aims at investigating the influence of the inoculation method on the D‐value of Salmonella in black pepper powder. Whole black peppercorns were either inoculated prior to grinding (pre‐grinding procedure) or ground and then inoculated (post‐grinding procedure). The ground black pepper was thermaly treated at 80°C for 0‐30 min. The D80°C values of Salmonella inoculated by pre‐grinding and post‐grinding procedures were 5.5 ± 0.8 and 3.9± 0.3, respectively. Salmonella and E. faecium were significantly (p⟨0.05) more thermally resistant in ground black pepper when inoculated pre‐ rather than post‐grinding. Therefore, inoculation protocol must be considered by spice industries while validating the pasteurization process. E. faecium is a suitable surrogate for Salmonella because of its higher decimal reduction time for both inoculation methods.
A breast milk production model for achieving exclusive breastfeeding in low‐risk primiparas who had vaginal births at 4 months postpartum: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Takahata Kaori , Horiuchi Shigeko , Miyauchi Ai , Tadokoro Yuriko , Shuo Takuya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the thresholds of milk production for predicting the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at 4 months postpartum.MethodsThe inclusion criteria were singleton, low‐risk primiparas, non‐cesarean section, and healthy mothers and infants. Temporary feeding of artificial milk in the past was included. Women who could be judged to have intentionally used artificial milk were excluded from the analysis. Measurements of the 24‐h milk production by test weights were obtained at early postpartum (days 3–4) and at 1 month postpartum. To predict the achievement of EBF at 4 months postpartum, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated for early postpartum and 1 month milk production.ResultsThere were 80 eligible participants analyzed. ROC analysis of milk production for achieving EBF at 4 months revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.736 (95% CI: [0.625, 0.848]) for early postpartum and an AUC of 0.854 (95% CI: [0.772, 0.936]) for 1 month postpartum. The proposed thresholds are 102 g/day (higher sensitivity) and 161 g/day (higher specificity) at early postpartum, and 527 g/day (higher sensitivity) at 1 month postpartum.ConclusionsIn low‐risk primiparas, the milk production models at early postpartum and 1 month postpartum showed a high accuracy for predicting the achievement of EBF at 4 months postpartum. The present study indicates that even when formula milk is temporarily used, it is still possible to reach the goal of achieving EBF.
The Effects of Regulatory Office Closures on Bank Behavior
Authors: LIM IVAN , HAGENDORFF JENS , ARMITAGE SETH 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe investigate if the decentralized structure of regulatory office networks influences supervisory outcomes and bank behavior. Following the closure of an office, banks previously supervised by that office increase their lending and risk‐taking. As a result, affected banks have larger loan losses and higher failure rates during the 2008–09 financial crisis. Analysis of the channels suggests that proximate supervisors enforce timelier provisioning practices, restrict large cash payouts, and provide advice that increases a bank's risk‐adjusted returns. Overall, our findings imply that geographical proximity reduces informational frictions in supervisory monitoring and leads to more stable banks.
Ferroptosis mediated by TNFSF9 interferes in acute ischaemic stroke reperfusion injury with the progression of acute ischaemic stroke
Authors: Li Zifu , Gao Tianxiang , Wang Jing , Zhang Xiaoxi , Zhang Yongxin , Zhang Lei , Yang Pengfei , Liu Jianmin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the potential involvement of TNFSF9 in reperfusion injury associated with ferroptosis in acute ischaemic stroke patients, mouse models and BV2 microglia. We first examined TNFSF9 changes in peripheral blood from stroke patients with successful reperfusion, and constructed oxygen–glucose deprivation–reperfusion (OGD‐R) on BV2 microglia, oxygen–glucose deprivation for 6 h followed by reoxygenation and re‐glucose for 24 h, and appropriate over‐expression or knockdown of TNFSF9 manipulation on BV2 cells and found that in the case of BV2 cells encountering OGD‐R over‐expression of TNFSF9 resulted in increased BV2 apoptosis. Still, the knockdown of TNFSF9 ameliorated apoptosis and ferroptosis. In an in vivo experiment, we constructed TNFSF9 over‐expression or knockout mice by intracerebral injection of TNFSF9‐OE or sh‐TNFSF9 adenovirus. We performed the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model on day four, 24 h after ligation of the proximal artery, for half an hour to recanalize. As luck would have it, over‐expression of TNFSF9 resulted in increased brain infarct volumes, neurological function scores and abnormalities in TNFSF9‐related TRAF1 and ferroptosis‐related pathways, but knockdown of TNFSF9 improved brain infarcts in mice as well as reversing TNFSF9‐related signalling pathways. In conclusion, our data provide the first evidence that TNFSF9 triggers microglia activation by activating the ferroptosis signalling pathway following ischaemic stroke, leading to brain injury and neurological deficits.image
Androgen receptor actions on AgRP neurons are not a major cause of reproductive and metabolic impairments in peripubertally androgenized mice
Authors: Kerbus Romy I. , Decourt Caroline , Inglis Megan A. , Campbell Rebecca E. , Anderson Greg M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExcess levels of circulating androgens during prenatal or peripubertal development are an important cause of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with the brain being a key target. Approximately half of the women diagnosed with PCOS also experience metabolic syndrome; common features including obesity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Although a large amount of clinical and preclinical evidence has confirmed this relationship between androgens and the reproductive and metabolic features of PCOS, the mechanisms by which androgens cause this dysregulation are unknown. Neuron‐specific androgen receptor knockout alleviates some PCOS‐like features in a peripubertal dihydrotestosterone (DHT) mouse model, but the specific neuronal populations mediating these effects are undefined. A candidate population is the agouti‐related peptide (AgRP)‐expressing neurons, which are important for both reproductive and metabolic function. We used a well‐characterised peripubertal androgenized mouse model and Cre‐loxP transgenics to investigate whether deleting androgen receptors specifically from AgRP neurons can alleviate the induced reproductive and metabolic dysregulation. Androgen receptors were co‐expressed in 66% of AgRP neurons in control mice, but only in <2% of AgRP neurons in knockout mice. The number of AgRP neurons was not altered by the treatments. Only 20% of androgen receptor knockout mice showed rescue of DHT‐induced androgen‐induced anovulation and acyclicity. Furthermore, androgen receptor knockout did not rescue metabolic dysfunction (body weight, adiposity or glucose and insulin tolerance). While we cannot rule out developmental compensation in our model, these results suggest peripubertal androgen excess does not markedly influence Agrp expression and does not dysregulate reproductive and metabolic function through direct actions of androgens onto AgRP neurons.
Factors associated with the intrinsic capacity in older adults: A scoping review
Authors: Wei Xiaoqin , Chen Yajing , Qin Jiangxia , Yang Yiyi , Yang Tingting , Yan Fanghong , Zhang Ziyao , Han Lin , Ma Yuxia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn 2015, the term ‘intrinsic capacity’ (IC) was proposed by the World Health Organisation to promote healthy aging. However, the factors associated with IC are still discrepant and uncertain.AimWe aim to synthesise the factors connected with IC.MethodsThis scoping review followed the five‐stage framework of Arksey and O'Malley and was reported using PRISMA‐ScR guidelines.ResultsIn all, 29 articles were included. IC of older adults is associated with demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, disease conditions, behavioural factors, and biomarkers. Age, sex, marital status, occupation status, education, income/wealth, chronic diseases, hypertension, diabetes, disability, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were emerged as important factors related to the IC of older adults.ConclusionsThis review shows that IC is related to multiple factors. Understanding these factors can provide the healthcare personnel with the theoretical basis for intervening and managing IC in older adults.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe influencing factors identified in the review help to guide older adults to maintain their own intrinsic capacity, thereby promoting their health and well‐being. The modifiable factors also provide evidence for healthcare personnel to develop targeted intervention strategies to delay IC decline.No Patient or Public ContributionAs this is a scoping review, no patient or public contributions are required.