bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction The Ritual and the Accounts
Authors: Lenowitz Harris 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Wherever Judaism has been, its messiahs have arisen. From the first century BCE to the present, they have stepped forth to rescue, as it were, the religious polities of the Jews. They have contended against Rome in Israel. Exiled, they have risen in arms to ride across the plains and mountains of Islamic Persia, wandered the shores of the Mediterranean all but alone, and yet frightened the pope to death; tailored and cobbled in Inquisition Spain and Portugal; called upon the Jews of Italy to repent; strided through the halls of the Vatican and the courts of the Holy Roman Empire; returned to the land of Israel to walk the hills of Safed for a time; had visions and spread their teachings along the Rhine; made the first group voyages to resettle the land of Israel in early modern times; conducted orgies in the role of virtual divinities in Turkey; roamed at the head of caravans across the Carpathians, traversing the rivers of Walachia and Podolia; languished in noble prisons in Turkey and Poland; cured ailments; quickened the wombs of barren women; eaten, drunk, sung, and prayed the world into its repair through the pale of settlement, and into the heartlands of Russia and Brooklyn; hiked the deserts and clambered up the mountains of Yemen to conquer satyrs.
Introduction Psychoanalysis and Mysticisrn
Authors: Parsons William b. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his landmark biography of Freud, Ernest Jones observed that no single topic in the Freudian corpus, excepting that of sexuality, had evoked more interest than that of religion. Although Freud’s views on religion are complex, Jones had in mind the definitive and pejorative conception of religion delineated in The Future of an Illusion. There Freud, defining religion in terms of “the final form” taken by our present-clay “Christian civilization,” sought to undermine religious tenets by interpreting them with respect to childhood development and metapsychological concepts like projection, repression, and the unconscious. His trenchant analysis led to a long and fruitful debate among subsequent psychoanalysts, as well as between psychoanalysis and multiple disciplines within religious studies, concerning the nature and function of religion. The history of this ongoing conversation need not be repeated here, as it is substantial and has been well documented. What is noteworthy about this literature, however, is the dearth of any sustained interdisciplinary dialogue with respect to one of its central themes, the origin and development of the relation between psycho analysis and mysticism.
Across All Boundaries The Atheistic Jew and the Apostle of Love
Authors: Parsons William b. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On February 9, 1923, Freud wrote to Edouard Monod Hertzen, the son of Gabriel Monod, a friend and teacher of Romain Rolland, to relay to the latter a “word of respect from an unknown admirer.”1 Rolland responded with enthusiasm less than two weeks later, praising Freud’s person and work. Thus began a correspondence which lasted until Freud’s death in 1939, touching on topics ranging from art, psychoanalysis, and mysticism to politics and the Great War. Interestingly enough, what most have come to associate with the correspondence, the debate over the oceanic feeling, did not occur until the years 1927-1930. Up to that time, the topic remained untouched. After 1930, the two men continued their debate on the nature and interpretation of mysticism, although reference to a variety of other topics can also be found. Given this, and drawing on the complete correspondence as cataloged by Ernst Freud, Colette Cornubert,, David Fisher, and Dore and Prevost, I divide the correspondence into three parts, which I term, quite simply, the “early,” “middle,” and “late” periods. The “early period” of the correspondence, then, stretches from the inception of their relationship in 1923 to the beginning of the debate on mysticism, instigated by Freud’s gift to Rolland, a copy of The Future of an Illusion, late in 1927. The “middle period” formally begins with Rolland’s crucial letter of December 5, 1927, and ends with the publication of Freud’s analysis of the “oceanic feeling” in Civilization and Its Discontents. The “late period” of the correspondence starts with Rolland’s gift to Freud in 1930 of his biographies of Ramakrishna and Vivekananda and ends, for all intents and purposes, with Freud’s analysis of his “mystical experience” on the Acropolis in 1936.
The Debate Continued
Authors: Parsons William b. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After Rolland sent Freud a copy of his biographies of the Hindu saints, each man now had the other’s views on the psychology of mysticism firmly in hand, a state of affairs that led to the debate carrying over into a new phase of their correspondence. The essential letters of the latter are but two in number: Freud’s letter of January 19, 1930, and Rolland’s of May 3, 1931. Although Rolland’s letter was a response to both Freud’s analysis in Civilization and Its Discontents and his letter of January 19, 1930, it evoked no immediate counter from Freud. In fact, Freud never directly responded to the content of Rolland’s letter. However he did, with Rolland in mind, continue his reflections on mysticism in his New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis (1933) and in his essay, dedicated to Rolland, entitled “A Disturbance of Memory on the Acropolis” (1936). Since there is no indication that Rolland ever responded to these texts, our exegesis of the late period will be very much a Freudian affair. We will find that the bulk of Freud’s reflections can be considered as a direct response to the arguments Rolland put forward in his biographies. Indeed, if one had to characterize Freud’s position of this period it would revolve around the theme of psychoana lytic perspectives on mystical intuition in art and religion, what Rolland in his critique of Morel referred to as the “mitigated” and “unmitigated” forms of mystical introversion. However, now that Rolland had unambiguously promoted a religious worldview, so too would Freud respond in kind. We may expect, then, not only continuities with his more positive assessment of poetic-mystical “intuition” but evaluations commensurate with the more reserved posture always taken by Freud when confronted with the claims and interpretations of institutional religion.
Iracema
Authors: Alencar José De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Jose de Alencar's prose-poem Iracema, first published in 1865, is a classic of Brazilian literature--perhaps the most widely-known piece of fiction within Brazil, and the most widely-read of Alencar's many works. Set in the sixteenth century, it is an extremely romantic portrayal of a doomed love between a Portuguese soldier and an Indian maiden. Iracema reflects the gingerly way that mid-nineteenth cenury Brazil dealt with race mixture and multicultural experience. Precisely because of its nineteenth-century romanticism, Iracema strongly contributed to a Brazilian sense of nationhood - contemporary Brazilian writers and literary critics still cite it as a foundation for their own work.
Farewell to Deviltry
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Leonardo had abandoned once and for all that fateful house in which he had experienced such unhappiness. In fact, he was never again seen in that neighborhood, with the result that the compadre did not lay eyes upon him again for a very long time. The boy, while he was new in his godfather’s house, comported himself with the utmost circumspection and gravity. As soon as he started feeling at home, however, the gloves came back off. He nonetheless gained his godfather’s great affection, which grew day in and day out until it reached a state of emotion-filled, blind devotion. Even the boy’s misdeeds, which more often than not were quite vicious, the good man usually considered funny. To his mind, no other boy in the entire neighborhood could compare with his godson, and he never tired of talking about everything the youngster said and did. Sometimes what went on was obviously the behavior of a spoiled child, but he found it the manifestation of liveliness and spirit. Other times it involved language that bespoke a highly developed reprobacy in someone so young, but he judged it the most ingenuous language in the world.
Fortune
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
While the compadre, in a panic, is hunting high and low for the boy without so much as a scrap of information from anyone as to his whereabouts, let us look into what has happened with Leonardo and what new predicaments he has gotten himself into. At the edge of the mangrove swamp in the Cidade Nova, next to a pond, there stood an ugly-looking straw-roofed house whose dirty exterior and muddy streetfront clearly indicated that its interior cleanliness would be no better. It comprised a small living room and a bedroom; its furniture consisted of two or three seats made of wood, some mats in one corner, and a large wooden box that served several functions: it was dinner table, bed, wardrobe, and cupboard. The house was almost always shut up tight, which cast a certain air of mystery upon it. This sinister dwelling was inhabited by a figure cut from the most detestable of molds: an aged half-breed with a foul, dirty face who dressed in rags. Nevertheless, the reader should know, for his amazement, that this man’s trade was that of necromancy!dered him to array himself in the dress Adam wore in Paradise and then covered him with a dirty cloak that he brought along. Only then was entry permitted.
Vidigal
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As we have said, the sound of that voice that had called out “Open the door!” sent a wave of fear and trepidation through the participants. And not without reason; it was the announcement of a predicament from which there was no escape whatsoever. At that time the city police was not yet organized-or, rather, it was organized in a way consonant with the trends and ideas of the time itself. The absolute monarch, supreme arbiter of all that had to do with that branch of the administration, was Major Vidigal; he was the magistrate who judged and meted out punishment and at the same time the police officer who hunted down the criminals. In the cases that fell under the wide jurisdiction that was his, there were no depositions, no proof, no arguments, no due process. He held all unto himself; his “justice” was infallible; there was no appeal of the sentences that he pronounced, he did as heat; but to be taken to the guardhouse, and thence perhaps to jail ... that he could not bear. He implored the major to spare him; the major was unbending. His shame then poured out in a stream of curses di-rected at that damned gypsy girl who was the cause of all his suffering.
Starting School
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is now necessary to pass in silence over a number of years in the life of the subject of these memoirs, in order not to bore the reader with the repetition of a thousand boyish misdeeds of the kind already familiar. They were deviltries of all sizes and shapes that exasperated the neighbor lady, disgusted the comadre, but did not alter in any degree whatsoever the barber’s affection for his godson: The more that affection grew, the blinder it became, if that were possible. With it grew the hopes for the glorious future that the compadre dreamed of for the child -all the more since during this period he had made at least some small progress: He could read passably, sounding out the words, and through an incredible triumph of patience on the compadre’s part had learned to assist at Mass. The first time he got through the ceremony correctly and respectably, his godfather exulted. It was a day of pride and pleasure: The first step on the path for which he had destined his charge.
Change in Life
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By dint of huge effort, great travail, and above all much patience, the compadre got the boy to stay through two years of school and to learn to read very poorly and write even worse. During all that time, not a single day passed when he did not receive a greater or lesser count of whacks. And despite the reputation that the master enjoyed for cruelty and injustice, it must be confessed that he seldom acted thus with the boy: The latter had a nose for mischief, and that, along with the spoiling carried out by his godfather, resulted in the most highly refined illbreeding that one could imagine. He derived the most delectable enjoyment from disobeying any instruction given him: If one wished him to be serious, he would burst out laughing like a crazy man, with the greatest pleasure in the world; if one wished him to be quiet, it seemed as if some hidden spring were driving him on and making him give a more or less faithful imitation of perpetual motion. A folder, an inkwell, a slate never lasted more than two weeks in his hands; he was regarded around the school as its most complete scoundrel. He would sell his schoolmates anything that might have value, be it his or someone else’s, so long as it happened to fall into his hands: A pencil, a pen, a notebook, anything was fair game to him. And the money he gained he always employed for the worst ends he could come up with. At the end of the first five days of school he proclaimed to his godfather that he now knew the streets and didn’t need him to go with him any longer. On the first day the godfather agreed to his going by himself, he played hooky. He took a liking to that practice and soon acquired among his schoolmates the name of chief truant of the school, which also meant principal punish-The first took place at a sung Mass. It was the youngster’s function to stand holding a large candle while his companion held the censer at the foot of the altar.
Further Vengeance and Its Result
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The reprimand that the liturgy master gave the two youngsters as a result of what they had done to the poor woman did not, as we have said, produce any effect in them in the sense of correction. They did not, however, forgive the humiliation they had suffered in front of their victim or the revenge she had enjoyed. At the first opportunity
they had, they evened the score with the liturgy master as well. The incident was as follows. The liturgy master was a middle-aged priest, moderately good-looking, a native ofllha Terceira in the Azores, though he gave it out that he was pure Lisbonian; he had graduated from Coimbra. On the outside he was a complete Saint Francis of Catholic austerity, on the inside a thorough Sardanapalus who all in and of himself could have furnished Bocage with material enough for an entire poem. He was a preacher who always took honesty and corporal purity in every sense as his subject; on the inside, however, he was as sensual as a follower of Mohammed.
Fireworks on the Campo
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At the appointed time the two, godfather and godson, came for Dona Maria and her family according to arrangement. It was not much after the Ave Maria, and already there were to be found upon the roads great crowds of families, groups of people, some bound for the campo and others for the lapa, where, as is well known, the Holy Ghost was also celebrated. Leonardo walked along seemingly oblivious to what was taking place around him: He would trip and bump into those whom he came across. One idea and one only was gnawing at his brain; if he were to be asked what idea that was, perhaps even he would not have and he went into ecstasy in his turn. At that moment it seemed to him the prettiest face he had ever seen, and he wondered at himself that he could ever have laughed at it and thought it ugly.
The Comadre in Action
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The readers will recall that our old acquaintance Leonardo-Pataca, whom we have forgotten for some time now, had united in amorous bonds with the comadrr!s daughter and was living with her in holy and honorable peace. Now in due time that holy and honorable living produced its result. Chiquinha (that was the name of the comadre’s daughter) found herself”expecting” and soon to give birth. As the readers can see, the line of the Leonardos is one that is not going to be easily extinguished. Leonardo-Pataca had not by any stretch of the imagination lost those old affectionate ways we have seen in him, and in the current circumstances, when he could see at the gates of life the fruit of his latest love, that customary violent flame swelled within him: The poor man fairly glowed inside and out and outdid himself in demonstrations of affection for his mate.
A Cure far Ills
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The poor boy had exited, as we have said, straight through the door and traveling fast. He kept looking back over and over again, for he could still see the menacing smallsword raised against him in the hand of his father, who seemed to want to finish the job on him that he had begun with that kick. He moved at a goodly pace for a long time and finally found himself in the area of the Cajueiros. Panting and weary, he sat down on some stones, and anyone who had seen him with his air of gloom and self-absorption might have judged that he was contemplating his situation and the road that he should take. But anyone who so judged would have been roundly mistaken: He was thinking about something much more pleasant; he was thinking about Luisinha. And it is true that he could not think of her without having appear before his eyes the terrible Jose Manuel, and that explained certain gestures of impatience that could from time to time be observed in him. He had spent a long time in this meditation when he was brought back to his senses by occasional bursts of laughter emitting from some nearby bushes. He trembled from head to toe; it seemed to him that the very thoughts going through his mind were being read and he was being laughed at. He turned around-but saw nothing. Guided by the noise he kept hearing he began to search, and with no great effort found, behind some especially tall bushes, a number of young men and women. Seated on a mat amidst the remains of a meal, they were bent forward with curiosity over two of their number who, with a deck of dirty, crumpled cards, were engrossed in an intricate game of bisca.The laughter that he had heard a moment ago had come in response to a slam that one of them had just suffered. At the sight of the leftovers from a meal that, while it did not seem particularly abundant, nonetheless made him recall that he had left the house just before mealtime, his stomach began to give out some formidable noises.
Jose Manuel Triumphs
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The comadre had run all over the city and nowhere had she found Leonardo. While she was wearing herself out in the search, he was calm and relaxed gazing into the eyes of Vidinha, contentedly listening to modinhas, as the readers well know, completely heedless of what was going on in the world. The poor woman, after wearying herself to the bone, took refuge in Dona Maria’s house. It was by then deep into the night.
The Dependant
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Some weeks passed in the following fashion: Leonardo, after all the ceremonies were performed, was declared a “dependant” attached to the household of Thomas of the Se and remained comfortably ensconced there. Let no one wonder at the ease with which such things were done; in the time in which the events we are narrating took place, nothing was more common than for every house to have one, two, or at times more such dependants. In some households these figures were very useful because the family derived great benefit from their services -we had occasion to give an example of this when we told the story of Leonardo’s late godfather.
Escape
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Let us leave the newlyweds to the tranquil enjoyment of their honeymoon. Let us leave Dona Maria to overflow both with affection and counsel for her niece, who received them with indifference, and also with attentions to Jose Manuel, whose head had suddenly been changed into an entire arithmetical system-all figures, all sums, all multiplications. And let us return to find out what became of Leonardo, whom we left at the moment when he had been torn by Vidigal from the arms of love and luxury. Overcome with the joy of seeing himself free, he did not even take the time to remonstrate against his enemies; he knew with certainty who had instigated what had been done to him, for he had found that out from the conversation that the grenadier had tried to strike up with him.
Vidigal Bajjled
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Vidigal, seeing that he had been bested, let out a bellow, and, as we have previously intimated to the readers, promised himself that he would exact serious revenge from Leonardo. “Now,” he said to himself, “to think that I spend my time in this sort of life, wracking my brain thinking up ways to chase down every goodfor-nothing idling around this city; succeeding-at the cost of many days’ labor, many nights passed without shutting my eyes, much running, and a great deal of work-in making myself feared and respected of the fact that he had escaped. The scene produced the expectable effect. The grenadiers, every time the comadre cried “let him go, let him go,” dissolved in laughter. And, as they had explained everything out of the corners of their mouths to the other bystanders, the latter accompanied them in their laughter. The major took all of this as an ironic joke that the evil genius of crime and vagrancy was playing on him: In order for him to get free of the comadre, who would not release her hold on his knees, he would have to declare out of his own mouth in front of all these people that Leonardo had got away! He so declared-and then hurried away from all those eyes, in each of which he could descry an insult.
Straw Fire
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Let us leave Leonardo bound for his destiny in the company of Major Vidigal and see what took place in the royal pantries after his arrest. Vidinha inquired here, inquired there, and then rushed like a bolt of lightning to the lackey’s quarters. The “broth” girl, caught unprepared on this occasion, was quite startled at the arrival of Vidinha, who, recognizing instinctively that here was the cause of her misfortunes, tossed her mantilla over a chair and began advancing upon the other. “I’ve come here,” she said, “to tell you right to your face that you are a creature with no feelings-” The girl, unable to grasp any meaning in all this, was dumbfounded, not knowing what to say in reply.was; but she did not say what she wanted. At last, without doing anything more, she went out, saying, “Ah! Did they imagine that it’d be left like this? At least I gave them a few words but good ones ... “