bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor-releasing Polyglycolic Acid Duras Improve
Neurological Function after Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Ito Yoshiro , Oyane Ayako , Tsurushima Hideo , Matsumaru Yuji , Ishikawa Eiichi 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
Regenerative therapy using stem cells to treat cerebral infarction is currently
in the research phase. However, this method is costly. It also faces other significant challenges, including
optimization of timing, delivery methods, and dosage. Therefore, more practical and effective
therapies are required. Bioabsorbable artificial dura mater made from nonwoven Polyglycolic
Acid (PGA) fabric is used clinically to treat cerebral infarction. Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor
(bFGF) has attracted considerable attention as a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment
of cerebral infarctions. In this study, we aimed to prepare a bFGF-releasing PGA dura mater and
investigate its therapeutic efficacy for the recovery of neurological function in a mouse model of
focal cerebral infarction.

Methods:
An artificial dura mater (Durawave) made from nonwoven PGA fabric was subjected to
oxygen plasma treatment, followed by bFGF adsorption. The release of bFGF from the resulting
PGA dura mater was evaluated in vitro using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. bFGF-releasing
PGA dura mater was placed at the site of induced cerebral infarctions in mice. Neurological
function was assessed 14 days after insertion, followed by a histological assessment.

Results:
The prepared PGA dura mater released bFGF in a dose-dependent manner. Neurological
function in the bFGF-treated groups was significantly better than that in the control group. bFGFreleasing
PGA dura mater also significantly increased the number of neural progenitor cells in the
peri-infarct cortex and striatum and showed a trend toward promoting angiogenesis.

Conclusion:
bFGF-releasing PGA dura mater improved neurological function in a mouse model
of focal cerebral infarction.
Synthesis, X-Ray Structure, Characterization, Antifungal Activity, DFT, and Molecular Simulation of a Novel Pyrazole Carboxylic Acid
Authors: Tighadouini Said , Yamari Imane , Roby Othmane , Y. A. Alzahrani Abdullah , Abchir Oussama , Nait Irahal Imane , Saddik Rafik , Ferbinteanu Marilena , Chtita Samir 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The search for new antifungal agents is critical due to the rising resistance
of fungal pathogens to existing treatments. This study focuses on the synthesis and evaluation of a
novel compound, 1-benzyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (compound L1), as a potential
antifungal agent.

Methods:
Compound L1 was synthesized and characterized using a range of analytical techniques,
including 1H^1H1H NMR, 13C^{13}C13C NMR, FT-IR, GC-MS, and X-ray single crystal diffraction
(XRD). The antifungal activity of the compound was assessed in vitro, and its molecular
structure was studied using Density Functional Theory (DFT). Molecular docking and dynamics
simulations were conducted to evaluate the interaction of the compound with sterol 14-alpha demethylase
(CYP51) from Candida albicans. ADME/Tox evaluations were also performed to assess the
drug-like properties of compound L1.

Results:
Compound L1 exhibited moderate antifungal activity with an IC50 value of 34.25 μg/mL.
DFT studies confirmed the highly stable molecular structure of the compound. Molecular docking
and dynamics simulations demonstrated that compound L1 had a higher affinity and stability when
forming complexes with the crystal structure of CYP51, particularly in interaction with the tetrazole-
based antifungal drug candidate VT1161 (PDB ID: 5TZ1). ADME/Tox evaluations indicated
favorable drug-like properties for compound L1.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that compound L1 is a promising antifungal candidate, showing
greater potential than fluconazole in the conducted evaluations. Further studies are warranted to
explore its full therapeutic potential.
Dyspnea and Heart Failure: The Role of the Diaphragm
Authors: Corrêa Nascimento Pablo Marino , Luiz Ribeiro Mario , Nascimento Lourenço Bernardo , Villacorta Humberto , Lagoeiro Jorge Antonio José , Novaes Rocha Nazareth de , Martins Wolney de Andrade 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Dyspnea and exertional intolerance are the most common clinical manifestations
of Heart Failure (HF). One of the possible mechanisms of both symptoms in HF patients
is weakness of the inspiratory muscles.

Aim:
Because the diaphragm is the main inspiratory muscle, this review aimed to investigate the
contribution of diaphragmatic function to the genesis of dyspnea or exercise intolerance in HF
patients.

Methods:
Original articles, clinical trials, and cohort or case-control studies published between
January 2003 and March 2023 were included. The population, variables, and outcome strategy
were the basis of this review, including studies that assessed HF patients, diaphragmatic function,
and dyspnea or exercise tolerance. The PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and BVS/LILACS
databases were searched.

Results:
A total of 353 articles were identified from electronic databases. After removing duplicate
articles and screening based on titles, abstracts, and full texts, nine articles were included in
the qualitative synthesis of this review. These studies were quite heterogeneous in their methodologies;
however, most, except two, demonstrated an association among diaphragmatic dysfunction,
dyspnea, and exertional intolerance in HF patients.

Conclusion:
Although few studies have assessed the contribution of diaphragmatic function to
dyspnea and exertional intolerance in HF individuals, the vast majority of articles included in
this review found such an association, especially when diaphragmatic function was assessed using
ultrasound.
Bioinformatics Tools and Computational Methods Applied of HIV/AIDS Envelope Glycoproteins
Authors: Polanco Carlos , Rios Castro Martha , Uversky Vladimir N. , Huberman Alberto , Pimentel-Hernández Claudia , Martínez-Garcia Mireya , Buhse Thomas , Hernández-Lemus Enrique , Roldan Gomez Francisco J. , Nájera Sergio Enrique Solís , González Juan Luciano Díaz , Alarcon Gilberto Vargas 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Since the 1980s, public health, society, and the global economy have been
severely impacted by HIV/AIDS, resulting in countless deaths and weakened health systems worldwide.
Exclusion and unemployment have been caused by social stigma, while economic consequences,
including reduced labor productivity and increased healthcare costs, have been observed, particularly
in regions with fragile health systems.

Objective:
Computational studies were conducted to characterize HIV/AIDS envelope glycoproteins
and differentiate them from other protein groups.

Methods:
A series of computational tools, including specialized genomics software, were utilized to
assess the likelihood of each glycoprotein sequence being intrinsically disordered (PIDP), and its
polarity profile (PIM 3.0v) was analyzed.

Results:
Distinct patterns were revealed across all HIV/AIDS envelope glycoproteins by the analysis
of the PIM 3.0v and PIDP profiles, facilitating the identification of structural and morphological
similarities among the proteins.

Conclusion:
HIV/AIDS glycoproteins are effectively differentiated by the PIM 3.0v profile, which
may serve as a tool for their identification. This bioinformatics research has been shown to enhance
our understanding of HIV/AIDS.
Development and Preliminary Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Perceptions on the Implementation of UN CRPD Principles Concerning Social Inclusion and Participation of Persons with Disabilities in Municipalities
Authors: Pinna Samantha , Tusconi Massimo , Atzeni Michela , Perra Alessandra , Leonetti Valerio , Cossu Giulia , Primavera Diego , Mereu Noemi Maria , Petretto Donatella Rita , Preti Antonio , Pelosin Elisa , Eskin Mehmet , Migliaccio Gian Mario , Carta Mauro Giovanni , Sancassiani Federica 
Published: January 2025

Background
The present study aims to evaluate the preliminary content and face validity of the “Perceptions on the Implementation of the CRPD in muniCIpalities Questionnaire (PICI-Q),” a self-report questionnaire built to assess the perceptions on how effectively municipalities implement the CRPD principles concerning social inclusion and participation of persons with disabilities in municipalities.

Methods
A two-step Delphi methodology was used to build the questionnaire and assess its content and face validity. A group including health professionals, academics, experts in psychometrics, persons with disabilities and local policymakers was involved in building the questionnaire according to the CRPD articles regarding social inclusion and active participation of persons with disabilities. Two pools of experts assessed the content and face validity and lay stakeholders, respectively.

Results
An average content validity index of 0.95 was obtained, with no items removed. Regarding face validity, all items achieved high scores, ranging from 17 to 21, with a face validity index of 0.95.

Conclusion
The PICI-Q is a promising tool for assessing perceptions of CRPD implementation in municipalities. Its robust preliminary validation suggests it could support local authorities in designing and improving policies and interventions aligned with the CRPD principles of social inclusion and participation for persons with disabilities.
Processed Products of Aconitum soongaricum Stapf. Inhibit the Growth of Ovarian
Cancer Cells In vivo via Regulating the PI3K/AKT Signal Pathway
Authors: Li Xiaojuan , Tang Xinle , Chen Liang , Cao Xingxing , Ailimujiang Reziya , Li Qian , Zhao Feicui 
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Objective:
The alkaloids of songorine, aconitine, and benzoylaconitine, as the processed
products of Aconitum soongaricum Stapf., can significantly inhibit the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer
cells in vitro. Herein, we studied the in vivo role and mechanism of these natural products in processed A. soongaricum
Stapf.

Methods:
A xenograft tumor model was constructed. Tumor volumes and weights were calculated. HE staining
assessed the histopathological changes of tumors. Inflammatory factors were detected using ELISA. Gene and
protein expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, PIK3CA, and AKT1 proteins were measured using RT-qPCR and
immunohistochemistry. Protein expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, PIK3CA, AKT1, p-PIK3CA, and p-
AKT1 proteins were detected using western blot analysis.

Results:
Songorine, aconitine, and benzoylaconine significantly inhibited the growth of tumors as evidenced by
decreased tumor volume and weight. The extent and scope of tumor cell necrosis were less in the songorine group
compared to the vehicle group. Songorine, aconitine, and benzoylaconine significantly reduced IL-6, IL-1β, and
TNF-α levels. Furthermore, songorine, aconitine, and benzoylecgonine induced down-regulation of N-cadherin and
AKT1 mRNA in comparison to the vehicle group. Meanwhile, songorine, aconitine, and benzoylaconine also significantly
reduced N-cadherin, p-PIK3CA, and p-AKT1 proteins, while upregulating E-cadherin protein expression in
comparison to the vehicle group. These effects were further enhanced when combined with the PI3K inhibitor
LY294002.

Conclusion:
Songorine, aconitine, and benzoylaconine may inhibit ovarian cancer growth in vivo by blocking the
PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our findings may provide evidence for the clinical application of the processed products
of Aconitum soongaricum Stapf. in ovarian cancer treatment.
Low-loss Low-rank Representation for Medical Image
Analysis
Authors: Zhang Nan , Xi Maolong 
Published: January 2025

Background:
There has been extensive research on low-rank representation methods,
and we firmly believe that this approach holds tremendous potential in addressing image-related
challenges.

background:
There has been extensive research on low-rank representation methods, and we firmly believe that this approach holds tremendous potential in addressing image-related challenges.

Objective:
Medical image databases.

Method:
We present low-loss low-rank representation(LLRR) to build a low-loss low-rank classifier
(LLC) and a low-loss Low-rank discriminant projection(LLDP).

Results:
The LLC algorithm exhibits a disease classification accuracy that is superior, with a maximum
difference of 10%, compared to other algorithms. After pairing the feature extractors with a
Nearest Neighbor Classifier, LLDP achieved a maximum 5.6% advantage in disease classification
accuracy. In other words, feature extraction and classification methods can be constructed based
on the representation method proposed, and the performance of LLRR is superior.

Conclusion:
The experimental results indicate that LLDP and LLC consistently outperform other
state-of-the-art methods, thus establishing LLRR as an effective data representation method
Fatigue Reliability Prediction of TBM Main Bearings Based on Non-dimensional Interference Model
Authors: Chen Shihui , Zhao Jian , Liu Shiming , ling jingxiu , Zhang Rongchang 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
To predict the fatigue life of the main bearing of the TBM cutter head. In
this paper, a patent method for a different dimension interference model combining numerical simulation
platform and numerical statistics is proposed to further improve the efficiency and accuracy
of the reliability analysis of the main bearing.

Method:
The load from the cutter head is transmitted to the bearings, thereby identifying the critical
locations and maximum stress points of the main bearings. The load history of the dangerous
locations of the main bearings is obtained and combined with the quasi-static method, the stress
history of the dangerous locations is derived. Combining stress-strength interference models and
statistical theory, this study applies a non-dimensional interference model to predict the reliability
of TBM main bearings under specific operating conditions.

Result:
After statistical analysis, the stress amplitude distribution of the main bearings conforms
to the Weibull distribution, with a shape parameter of 0.61 and a scale parameter of 68.39; The
lifetime distribution follows a lognormal distribution. By utilizing the non-dimensional interference
model, the reliability curve of the main bearings is derived. When the operating cycles reach
6.8e6, the reliability is 0.9, and the lifespan remains around 20,000 hours, meeting the engineering
requirements.

Conclusion:
Therefore, The model and patent for the method proposed in this paper can calculate
the fatigue reliability of the main bearing quickly, ensure the accuracy of the analysis results, and
provide certain theoretical support for the prediction of its safety and fatigue reliability.
The Impact of Hemp Fiber Filler on PE-wax-modified Compression-molded
UHMWPE; A Mechanical Characterization
Authors: Janusz I. , Tatara R. A. , Vaezi M. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Hemp and other natural fibers are seeing greater use in the industry due
to their useful mechanical properties and sustainability. Natural fibers can reinforce or fill polymers to reduce cost and increase biodegradability. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
(UHMWPE) exhibits exceptional toughness and is capable of being mixed with natural fibers

Materials and Methods:
In this study, hemp fiber, in powder form, has been blended with
UHMWPE powder and processed by compression molding to evaluate mechanical strength
properties. The effects of adding low molecular weight polyethylene wax (PE-wax), a property
modifier, were also examined. The hemp content of the compositions was 0, 20, 40, 60% w/w,
with and without the wax.

Results:
Consistent with filler behavior, the addition of hemp significantly reduces the ultimate
and yield tensile strengths as well as the elongation at break; the effect increases with more
hemp. PE-wax improves performance at 40% and 60% w/w hemp, compared to the no wax condition. The presence of hemp increases the elastic modulus for 20% and 40% w/w hemp, and
PE-wax improves the elastic modulus at all hemp concentrations. Compressive strength declines
as hemp content increases, and the wax raises the performance at all hemp levels, nearly doubling the 20% w/w hemp strength. Shore type D hardness values steadily decline with hemp content, with a 60% loss in hardness, from the pure UHMWPE baseline to the 60% w/w hemp sample.

Conclusion:
The simplified process outlined in this study produced materials that are fit for use
in engineered applications. The process was also much simpler than traditional hand lay-up techniques, making it attractive for use in industrial applications.
Patient Experiences and Perspectives When MyChart is Introduced in a Large Community Hospital: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Vanderhout Shelley , Taneja Shipra , Kalia Kamini , Wodchis Walter P , Tang Terence 
Published: January 2025

Background
Patient portals, or secure websites linked to electronic medical records, have emerged as tools to provide patients with timely access to their health information. To support the potential benefits of patient portals such as improved engagement in health care, it is essential to understand how patients and caregivers experience these portals.

Objective
This study aimed to explore patient and caregiver experiences, facilitators, and barriers to accessing and using a patient portal called MyChart during the initial stages of its implementation.

Methods
We applied explanatory sequential mixed methods to conduct a web-based questionnaire and semistructured interviews with MyChart users and nonusers at a large community hospital in Ontario, Canada. Among users, we explored user satisfaction with MyChart, its impact on care, and areas for improvement. For nonusers, we explored barriers to MyChart access and willingness to use it in the future. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used for data analysis.

Results
A total of 5651 patients and caregivers completed the web-based questionnaire and 18 (12 users and 6 nonusers) participated in interviews. MyChart users primarily learned about the portal through email (n=1288, 39%), after-visit summaries (n=953, 29%), and hospital staff (n=408, 12%). Nonusers cited lack of awareness (n=1291, 59%) and registration difficulties (n=707, 32%) as some barriers to activation and adoption, but the majority would consider activating and using MyChart if they could learn more about it (n=1126, 54%). Users valued MyChart for preparing for health care encounters but expressed dissatisfaction with limited features and access to medical history and test results, whereas nonusers tended to be unsure about the benefits of using MyChart, especially if they were infrequent health care users.

Conclusions
Patient portals offer benefits, but barriers to access and limited functionality can hinder widespread use. To enhance the adoption and potential benefits of patient portals, targeted outreach and comprehensive access to health information are essential to promote positive and seamlessly integrated health care experiences.
Asset Securitizations and Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Nonfinancial Firms
Authors: Jia Yifan , Kim Jeong-Bon , Mao Ying , Wang Ke , Wang Zheng 
Published: January 2025

SYNOPSIS
This study examines the relation between asset-backed securitizations and future stock price crash risk in nonfinancial firms. We argue that the gain-on-sale accounting treatment for off-balance-sheet securitizations facilitates managers’ withholding of bad earnings news, leading to higher crash risk. Using a propensity score-matched sample of U.S. nonfinancial firms, we find that firms engaging in off-balance-sheet securitizations are associated with higher crash risk, especially for firms with gain on sales from securitizations. In 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board implemented SFAS 166/167 to tighten the criteria for securitization transactions to receive off-balance-sheet treatment. However, our difference-in-differences analysis shows no significant effect of SFAS 166/167 on reducing securitizing firms’ crash risk. Further analyses reveal that firms engaging in off-balance-sheet securitization before SFAS 166/167 conduct more real activity-based earnings management after SFAS 166/167. This evidence suggests that firms could continue to hide bad news through alternative channels as substitutes.
Data availability: Data are available from the sources described in the paper.
Exploring (In)Equity in the Internal Revenue Code: Discussions of Race in the Tax Classroom
Authors: Krieg Kimberly S. , Marino Amanda R. , Morris Landi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
In this learning strategy (LS) we provide materials on how to discuss race as a source of inequity in the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). We provide online discussion questions, practice problems, classroom talking points, and guidance for student presentations to illustrate inequities between Black and white taxpayers. The assignments can be delivered in entirety or piecemeal. Our material is inspired by Dr. Dorothy Brown’s The Whiteness of Wealth: How the Tax System Impoverishes Black Americans—And How We Can Fix It, which identifies how the IRC contributes to the racial wealth gap. This LS supplements an individual taxation course with real-world application of the IRC. The accompanying Teaching Notes provide (1) additional commentary on in-class discussions, (2) example instructor slides, and (3) solutions to practice problems. Pre- and post-evidence of efficacy suggest that students who were uncomfortable discussing race before engaging with this content feel more comfortable doing so after.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Do Audit Firms’ Financial Statements Provide Information about Audit Quality?
Authors: He Shaohua , Lisic Ling Lei , Tan Liang , Wang K. Philip 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Whether audit firms should disclose financial statements is controversial among investors, practitioners, and regulators. The debate centers on whether audit firms’ financial statements provide information about audit quality. Using hand-collected data from U.K. audit firms’ financial statements, we construct four measures that capture audit firms’ resource investments (i.e., human capital, workplace environment, technologies) and risk exposures (i.e., litigation provisions). We find that increases in audit firms’ staff costs, investments in tangible assets and IT software, and reductions in litigation provisions are associated with improved audit quality. The information in audit firms’ financial statements is not contained in their transparency reports or regulatory inspection reports. Additional tests show that increases in audit firms’ staff costs and tangible assets, as well as reductions in litigation provisions, are associated with improved audit efficiency.
JEL Classifications: M40; M42.
Do Managers Pursue Their Budget Goals Using Revenues or Expenses?
Authors: Jackson Scott B. , Salzsieder Leigh , Schaefer Tammie J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Evidence reveals that managers exercise discretion over budget estimates, but little is known about whether revenues or expenses are more susceptible to budget discretion. Drawing upon regulatory focus theory, we predict a pattern of budget discretion that has not previously been identified. To test our theory, we conduct a series of experiments where managers face a goal to either minimize the performance metric to avoid missing the target (minimal budget goal) or maximize the performance metric to achieve a desired outcome (maximal budget goal). When managers face a minimal budget goal, they are more likely to make self-interested budget estimates for uncertain expenses than monetarily equivalent uncertain revenues. Conversely, when managers face a maximal budget goal, they are more likely to make self-interested budget estimates for uncertain revenues than monetarily equivalent uncertain expenses. Thus, managers prefer acts of inclusion over acts of exclusion when pursuing their budget goals.
JEL Classifications: G31, M10, M40.