bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigation into emergency medicine resident cricothyrotomy competency: Is three the magic number?
Authors: Turner Joseph S. , Stewart Lauren K. , Hybarger Andrew C. , Ellender Timothy J. , Stepsis Tyler M. , Bartkus Edward A. , Garverick Paul , Cooper Dylan D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesCricothyrotomy is a high‐stakes emergency procedure. Because the procedure is rare, simulation is often used to train residents. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires performance of three cricothyrotomies during residency, but the optimal number of training repetitions is unknown. Additional repetitions beyond three could increase proficiency, though it is unknown whether there is a threshold beyond which there is no benefit to additional repetition. The objective of this study was to establish a minimum number of simulated cricothyrotomy attempts beyond which additional attempts did not increase proficiency.MethodsThis was a prospective, observational study conducted over 3 years at the simulation center of an academic emergency medicine residency program. Participants were residents participating in a cricothyrotomy training as part of a longitudinal airway curriculum course. The primary outcome was time to successful completion of the procedure as first‐year residents. Secondary outcomes included time to completion as second‐ and third‐year residents. Procedure times were plotted as a function of attempt number. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated‐measures analysis of variance, and correlation analysis. Preprocedure surveys collected further data regarding procedure experience, confidence, and comfort.ResultsSixty‐nine first‐year residents participated in the study. Steady improvement in time to completion was seen through the first six attempts (from a mean of 75 to 41 sec), after which no further significant improvement was found. Second‐ and third‐year residents initially demonstrated slower performance than first‐year residents but rapidly improved to surpass their first‐year performance. Resident mean times at five attempts were faster with each year of residency (first‐year 48 sec, second‐year 30 sec, third‐year 24 sec). There was no statistically significant correlation between confidence and time to complete the procedure.ConclusionsAdditional repetition beyond the ACGME‐endorsed three cricothyrotomy attempts may help increase proficiency. Periodic retraining may be important to maintain skills.
Early Detection of Amyloid‐Related Changes in Memory among Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults with Daily Digital Testing
Authors: Papp Kathryn V. , Jutten Roos J. , Soberanes Daniel , Weizenbaum Emma , Hsieh Stephanie , Molinare Cassidy , Buckley Rachel , Betensky Rebecca A. , Marshall Gad A. , Johnson Keith A. , Rentz Dorene M. , Sperling Reisa , Amariglio Rebecca E. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to determine whether assessing learning over days reveals Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarker‐related declines in memory consolidation that are otherwise undetectable with single time point assessments.MethodsThirty‐six (21.9%) cognitively unimpaired older adults (aged 60–91 years) were classified with elevated β‐amyloid (Aβ+) and 128 (78%) were Aβ− using positron emission tomography with 11CPittsburgh compound B. Participants completed the multiday Boston Remote Assessment for Neurocognitive Health (BRANCH) for 12 min/day on personal devices (ie, smartphones, laptops), which captures the trajectory of daily learning of the same content on 3 repeated tests (Digit Signs, Groceries‐Prices, Face‐Name). Learning is computed as a composite of accuracy across all 3 measures. Participants also completed standard in‐clinic cognitive tests as part of the Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC‐5), with 123 participants undergoing PACC‐5 follow‐up after 1.07 (standard deviation = 0.25) years.ResultsAt the cross‐section, there were no statistically significant differences in performance between Aβ+/− participants on any standard in‐clinic cognitive tests (eg, PACC‐5) or on day 1 of multiday BRANCH. Aβ+ participants exhibited diminished 7‐day learning curves on multiday BRANCH after 4 days of testing relative to Aβ− participants (Cohen d = 0.49, 95% confidence interval = 0.10–0.87). Diminished learning curves were associated with greater annual PACC‐5 decline (r = 0.54, p < 0.001).InterpretationVery early Aβ‐related memory declines can be revealed by assessing learning over days, suggesting that failures in memory consolidation predate other conventional amnestic deficits in AD. Repeated digital memory assessments, increasingly feasible and uniquely able to assess memory consolidation over short time periods, have the potential to be transformative for detecting the earliest cognitive changes in preclinical AD. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:507–517
Hot or Not? Reassessing Mechanisms of Photocurrent Generation in Plasmon‐Enhanced Electrocatalysis
Authors: Bagnall Andrew J. , Ganguli Sagar , Sekretareva Alina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is now widely accepted that certain effects arising from localised surface plasmon resonance, such as enhanced electromagnetic fields, hot carriers, and thermal effects, can facilitate electrocatalytic processes. This newly emerging field of research is commonly referred to as plasmon‐enhanced electrocatalysis (PEEC) and is attracting increasing interest from the research community, particularly regarding harnessing the high energy of hot carriers. However, this has led to a lack of critical analysis in the literature, where the participation of hot carriers is routinely claimed due to their perceived desirability, while the contribution of other effects is often not sufficiently investigated. As a result, correctly differentiating between the possible mechanisms at play has become a key point of contention. In this review, we specifically focus on the mechanisms behind photocurrents observed in PEEC and critically evaluate the possibility of alternative sources of current enhancement in the reported PEEC systems. Furthermore, we present guidelines for the best experimental practices and methods to distinguish between the various enhancement mechanisms in PEEC.
Formation of a Reactive [Mn(III)−O−Ce(IV)] Species and its Facile Equilibrium with Related Mn(IV)(OX) (X = Sc or H) Complexes
Authors: Gupta Sikha , Arora Pragya , Kumar Rakesh , Awasthi Ayushi , Chandra Bittu , Eerlapally Raju , Xiong Jin , Guo Yisong , Que Lawrence , Draksharapu Apparao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLewis acid‐bound high valent Mn‐oxo species are of great importance due to their relevance to photosystem II. Here, we report the synthesis of a unique [(BnTPEN)Mn(III)−O−Ce(IV)(NO3)4]+ adduct (2) by the reaction of (BnTPEN)Mn(II) (1) with 4 eq. ceric ammonium nitrate. 2 has been characterized using UV/Vis, NMR, resonance Raman spectroscopy, as well as by mass spectrometry. Treatment of 2 with Sc(III)(OTf)3 results in the formation of (BnTPEN)Mn(IV)−O−Sc(III) (3), while HClO4 addition to 2 forms (BnTPEN)Mn(IV)−OH (4), reverting to 2 upon Ce(III)(NO3)3 addition. 2 can also be prepared by the oxidation of 1 eq. Ce(III)(NO3)3 with [(BnTPEN)Mn(IV)=O]2+ (5). In addition, the EPR spectroscopy revealed the elegant temperature‐dependent equilibria between 2 and Mn(IV) species. The binding of redox‐active Ce(IV) boosts electron transfer efficiency of 2 towards ferrocenes. Remarkably, the newly characterized Mn(III)−O−Ce(IV) species can carry out O‐atom and H‐atom transfer reactions.
A commentary on infant mental health knowledge within the training of family therapists
Authors: Elliott Robyn , Cousins Colleen , Opie Jessica , McIntosh Jennifer 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper considers the role of academic training programs in the integration of family therapy and infant mental health (IMH) curricula. It takes the form of a conversation between senior academic staff of the Bouverie Centre in Australia and the special issue editors. Robyn Elliott and Colleen Cousins are family therapists, trauma specialists, and academics at the Bouverie Centre, La Trobe University. Robyn supervises the development and delivery of the Master of Clinical Family Therapy, accredited by the Australian Association of Family Therapy. Colleen is a psychologist and family therapist and coordinates the Graduate Certificate of Family Therapy program. They are in dialogue here with the special issue co‐editors, Jessica Opie and Jennifer McIntosh. We consider the degree to which current family therapy training holds the infant in mind, and approaches to deepening the future training nexus between IMH and family therapy.
Synthesis of lesquerella‐based bisphosphonates
Authors: Boon Laurelee M. , Bamert Sierra R. , Fayer Effrat L. , Coley Chelsea L. , Henry Shannon M. , Cermak Diana M. , Cermak Steven C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) have found wide use in today's market, ranging from industrial materials to pharmaceuticals. Castor oil, which is obtained from castor seeds, has served as a primary source of the most common HFA, ricinoleic acid, but also contains several undesirable compounds which pose severe health risks, the most notable being ricin, an unusually stable, toxic protein. A promising HFA alternative is lesquerella oil, an oil obtained from seeds of the Lesquerella fendleri species. Lesquerella oil is mainly comprised of lesquerolic acid, an HFA that is structurally similar to ricinoleic acid, the only difference being that lesquerolic acid possesses two additional methylene groups on the carboxyl end of the molecule. In addition, the bisphosphonate moiety has been shown to display interesting biological activities, primarily as osteoporosis drugs and anti‐cancer therapeutics. The synthesis of lesquerella‐based bisphosphonates, both an unsaturated and saturated series, have been produced in high yields and high purity and are reported here.
Reactivity of NHI‐Stabilized Heavier Tetrylenes towards CO2 and N2O
Authors: Groll Lisa , Kelly John A. , Inoue Shigeyoshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA heteroleptic amino(imino)stannylene (TMS2N)(ItBuN)Sn: (TMS=trimethylsilyl, ItBu=C[(N−tBu)CH]2) as well as two homoleptic NHI‐stabilized tetrylenes, (ItBuN)2E: (NHI=N‐heterocyclic imine, E=Ge, Sn) are presented. VT‐NMR investigations of (ItBuN)2Sn: (2) reveal an equilibrium between the monomeric stannylene at room temperature and the dimeric form at −80 °C as well as in the solid state. Upon reaction of the homoleptic tetrylenes with CO2, both compounds insert two equivalents of CO2, however differing bonding modes can be observed. (ItBuN)2Sn: (2) inserts one equivalent of CO2 into each Sn−N bond, giving carbamato groups coordinated κ2O,O’ to the metal center. With (ItBuN)2Ge: (3), the Ge−N bonds stay intact upon activation, being bridged by one molecule of CO2 respectively, forming 4‐membered rings. Furthermore, the reactivity of 2 towards N2O was investigated, resulting in partial oxidation to form stannylene dimer [((ItBuN)3SnO)(ItBuN)Sn:]2 (6).
Slower pace in early walking onset is related to communication, motor skills, and adaptive function in autistic toddlers
Authors: Wilson Rujuta B. , Burdekin Emma D. , Jackson Nicholas J. , Hughart Lauren , Anderson Jeff , Dusing Stacey C. , Gulsrud Amanda , Kasari Connie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe onset of walking is a major developmental milestone in early childhood and is critical to the development of language and social communication. Delays in walking have been described in individuals with ASD. Yet, less is known about the quality of early gait development in toddlers with ASD and the relationship to motor skills, social communication, and language. Quantitative measures of locomotion can improve our ability to evaluate subtle and specific motor differences in toddlers with ASD and their relationship to other developmental domains. We used quantitative gait analysis to evaluate locomotion in toddlers with ASD (n = 51) and compared these data to a reference chronological aged (CA) and mental aged (MA) matched typically developing (TD) cohort (n = 45). We also examined the relationship of quantitative gait metrics to developmental measures among toddlers with ASD. We found that although toddlers with ASD achieved a typical age range of walking onset, they exhibited a pattern of slower pace compared to the TD cohort when matched by CA and MA. We also found that slower measures of pace were associated with lower developmental scores of communication, motor skills, and adaptive function. Our findings improve characterization of locomotion in toddlers with ASD and the relationship of motor skills to other developmental domains.
Quantitation of levetiracetam concentrations in plasma and saliva samples by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: Application to therapeutic drug monitoring for pregnant women with epilepsy
Authors: Zhang Mengyu , Jin Ying , Li Wanling , He Chaoqun , Di Xiangjie , Duan Yifei , Chen Lei , Wang Zhenlei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough levetiracetam (LEV) has favorable linear pharmacokinetic properties, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is necessary for pregnant women with epilepsy. This study aims to build a simple, reliable, and sensitive ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method for determining LEV concentrations in plasma and saliva samples, to support the routine TDM of LEV in Chinese pregnant women with epilepsy. The stable isotope‐labeled LEV‐d6 was used as the internal standard. The extracted samples were analyzed using a UPLC–MS/MS system with positive electrospray ionization. Mobile phase A was water containing 5 mM ammonium acetate and 0.1% formic acid, and phase B was 1:1 methanol–acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid. The method was validated and utilized to determine LEV concentrations in non‐pregnant and pregnant patients with epilepsy. The developed method was validated in both plasma and saliva samples over a concentration range of 0.1–50 μg/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐batch accuracy for LEV ranged from −7.0% to 2.9%, with precisions between 2.7% and 9.3%. In pregnant patients, the mean dose‐standardized LEV trough plasma concentrations were significantly lower than those in non‐pregnant patients (4.73 ± 2.99 vs. 7.74 ± 3.59 ng/mL per mg/day; P < 0.0001). It is recommended that the TDM of LEV should be routinely performed during the different stages of pregnancy.
Corporate social responsibility oriented boards and triple bottom line performance: A meta‐analytic study
Authors: Zubeltzu‐Jaka Eugenio , Álvarez‐Etxeberria Igor , Aldaz‐Odriozola Maider 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article, we aim to investigate the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR)‐oriented boards on triple bottom‐line (TBL) performance and whether internal corporate governance exhibits a facilitating role in achieving the sustainable development goals by enhancing the performance indicators of the TBL. Specifically, this article aims to shed light on this issue by meta‐analyzing the relationship between good governance and both social and financial performance, using a global sample to facilitate this analysis taking into account the incidence of the institutional characteristics of different countries and their impact on the relationship studied, by means of eight meta‐analyses. For this purpose, we conducted a meta‐analytic study on a sample of 289 articles published between 1997 and 2021. The results show that CSR‐oriented boards have a direct effect on corporate social performance (CSP) indicators and that their impact on financial outcomes is mediated by CSP strategies. Board size, gender diversity, and board independence present a facilitator profile of CSP, while only gender diversity enhances financial outcomes. The influence of CSR‐oriented boards is more acute in countries with greater protection for stakeholders and stronger environmental awareness.
Sustainability transformation in the textile industry—The case of wastewater management
Authors: Gomes Kamol , Caucci Serena , Morris Jon , Guenther Edeltraud , Miggelbrink Judith 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the relationships between textile wastewater management and its impact on ecosystems and community livelihoods. Using the case of the wastewater management practices of the Bangladesh textile industry and thematic analysis of key informant interviews with industry representatives in the production value chain, the study illustrates perceptions of sustainability transformation regarding wastewater management, specifically by integrating sustainable water and energy practices. The findings reveal the adverse effects of textile wastewater on freshwater resources, such as the obstruction of socio‐economic development and environmental sustainability, and highlight the distinctions between compliant and non‐compliant textile industries regarding sustainability transformation. These results also indicate challenges that hinder the sustainability of textile effluent treatment, including the absence of techno‐ecology, pro‐environmental behaviour, stringent regulations, reliable surveillance, and collaborative actions. Recommendations include improving cooperation among community‐stakeholders and decision‐makers to promote sustainability transformation in textile wastewater management, prioritising water energy resources to advance environmental development, and fulfilling socio‐economic demands.
TTC7B is a new prognostic biomarker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma linked to immune infiltration and ferroptosis
Authors: He Rong , Zhang Xun , Wu Yongzhi , Weng Zhijie , Li Longjiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the expression of TTC7B and its prognostic significance, biological roles, and impact on the immune system in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Materials and MethodsClinical and genomic data were obtained from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus), GEPIA2 (Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2.0), and TIMER2.0 (Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2.0) databases. R software was utilized to process the retrieved data. qPCR and immunohistochemical assays were performed to validate the findings obtained from the databases.ResultsHigh expression of TTC7B was observed in HNSCC, and this heightened expression is significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) in patients, making it an independent risk factor impacting OS. TTC7B is correlated with focal adhesions and cell migration pathways based on functional enrichment analysis. CIBERSORT analysis and TIMER2.0 show a positive link between TTC7B and multiple immune cells, particularly macrophages. Pearson's analysis reveals a significant correlation between TTC7B and ferroptosis‐related genes.ConclusionIn all, TTC7B could serve as a promising prognostic indicator of HNSCC, and is closely associated with focal adhesions, immune infiltration, and ferroptosis.
Hole‐Transporting Materials based on Oligo(hetero)aryls with a Naphthodithiophene Core – Succinct Synthesis by Twofold Direct C−H Olefination
Authors: Hsu Chia‐Chi , Lee Kun‐Mu , Wu Xiao‐Wei , Lin Li , Yu Wei‐Lun , Liu Ching‐Yuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work demonstrated the first synthetic application of direct C−H olefinations in the step‐saving preparation of various hole‐transporting materials (HTM) for efficient perovskite solar cells (PSC). Cross‐dehydrogenative couplings of naphthodithiophene (NDT) with vinyl arenes under palladium‐catalysis facilely generated various new oligo(hetero)aryls with internal alkenes. Reaction conditions were optimized, which gave the product isolated yields of up to 71 % with high (E)‐stereoselectivity. These readily accessible NDT core‐based small molecules involving olefin as π‐spacers displayed immediate power conversion efficiencies of up to 17.2 % without a device oxidation process that is required for the commercially available spiro‐OMeTAD and most other existing HTMs while fabricated in corresponding PSC devices.
Enantioselective Amination of 3‐Substituted‐2‐benzofuranones via Non‐covalent N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis
Authors: Mondal Bhaskar Deb , Gorai Sadhan , Nath Rounak , Paul Ankan , Guin Joyram 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein, an efficient method for asymmetric α‐amination of 2‐benzofuranones with N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis is reported. The process is based on non‐covalent interaction of NHC with substrate, facilitating the formation of a chiral ion‐pair that encompasses enolate and azolium salt. The activated enolate adds to an electrophilic amine source with sufficient facial control to furnish an enantioenriched product having an amine substituted quaternary stereocenter. The process displays a broad substrate scope. A preparative scale synthesis has been achieved. Preliminary mechanistic investigations based on experimental and DFT studies suggest a reaction pathway that involves non‐covalent substrate/NHC interactions and essentially implicate the role of π‐π interaction in diastereomeric transition states for stereo‐chemical discrimination.
Computational models for the simulation of the elastic and fracture properties of highly porous 3D‐printed hydroxyapatite scaffolds
Authors: D'Andrea Luca , Gastaldi Dario , Baino Francesco , Verné Enrica , Schwentenwein Martin , Örlygsson Gissur , Vena Pasquale 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBone scaffolding is a promising approach for the treatment of critical‐size bone defects. Hydroxyapatite can be used to produce highly porous scaffolds as it mimics the mineralized part of bone tissue, but its intrinsic brittleness limits its usage. Among 3D printing techniques, vat photopolymerization allows for the best printing resolution for ceramic materials. In this study, we implemented a Computed micro‐Tomography based Finite Element Model of a hydroxyapatite porous scaffold fabricated by vat photopolymerization. We used the model in order to predict the elastic and fracture properties of the scaffold. From the stress–strain diagram of a simulated compression test, we computed the stiffness and the strength of the scaffolds. We found that three morphometric features substantially affect the crack pattern. In particular, the crack propagation is not only dependent on the trabecular thickness but also depends on the slenderness and orientation of the trabeculae with respect to the load. The results found in this study can be used for the design of ceramic scaffolds with heterogeneous pore distribution in order to tailor and predict the compressive strength.
Changes in Secondary Structure and Properties of Bovine Serum Albumin as a Result of Interactions with Gold Surface
Authors: Tworek Paulina , Rakowski Kamil , Szota Magdalena , Lekka Małgorzata , Jachimska Barbara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProteins can alter their shape when interacting with a surface. This study explores how bovine serum albumin (BSA) modifies structurally when it adheres to a gold surface, depending on the protein concentration and pH. We verified that the gold surface induces significant structural modifications to the BSA molecule using circular dichroism, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Specifically, adsorbed molecules displayed increased levels of disordered structures and β‐turns, with fewer α‐helices than the native structure. MP‐SPR spectroscopy demonstrated that the protein molecules preferred a planar orientation during adsorption. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the interaction between cysteines exposed to the outside of the molecule and the gold surface was vital, especially at pH=3.5. The macroscopic properties of the protein film observed by AFM and contact angles confirm the flexible nature of the protein itself. Notably, structural transformation is joined with the degree of hydration of protein layers.