bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Eighteenth Century Confronts Job
Authors: Schwarzbach Bertram Eugene 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This title is borrowed from Frank E. Manuel who, in his The Eighteenth Century Confronts the Gods, had the idea, inspired perhaps by Jean Seznec’s earlier study, of describing the failure – our judgement – of the scholars and philosophers of a century that was notoriously insensitive to religion to understand the religion of the ancient Greeks and Romans, even though they knew classical mythology intimately, since the Ovid and Virgil of their school days. This failure is both unsurprising and paradoxical. If one characterizes the eighteenth century, as popular treatments always do, by those of its writers who were most antagonistic to the religion of their society and especially to its institutional forms: Voltaire, Diderot, d’Alembert, La Mettrie, d’Holbach, Thomas Paine and, at the very end of the century, by the Jacobins who tried to dechristianize France in 1793, one would expect them to be sufficiently detached from Christianity to give the pagans a fair and even searching hearing. In fact, these philosophers and activists were not the only expression of the Enlightenment, any characterization of which would be incomplete were Newton, Leonhard Euler and Albrecht von Haller among the scientists, and Dryden, Robert Lowth, Marie Huber, John Wesley and the Swedenborgians among the writers and philosophers excluded or merely neglected. And yet Manuel’s paradox applied to the conventionally religious writers as well as to the more iconoclastic philosophers, albeit rather differently. The former should at least have understood something about the religious experience and quest that could be projected upon the pagans, but their Christian religious experience did not prove helpful. No one in Manuel’s survey nor in our reading of texts with which he dealt superficially or not at all really appreciated the ancient Greeks’ and Romans’ religious experience, or the role of the gods in the social and political life of Greece, Rome and their colonies. Generally religious eighteenth-century historians, like theologians of earlier periods, attempted to squeeze the pagan gods
Pacific Islands Writing
Authors: Keown Michelle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Oxford Studies in Postcolonial Literatures series offers stimulating and accessible introductions to definitive topics and key genres and regions within the rapidly diversifying field of postcolonial literary studies in English. The first book of its kind, Pacific Islands Writing offers a broad-ranging introduction to the postcolonial literatures of the Pacific region. Drawing upon metaphors of oceanic voyaging, Michelle Keown takes the reader on a discursive journey through a variety of literary and cultural contexts in the Pacific, exploring the Indigenous literatures of Polynesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia, and also investigating a range of European or Western writing about the Pacific, from the adventure fictions of Herman Melville, R. L. Stevenson, and Jack London to the Päkehä (European) settler literatures of Aotearoa/New Zealand. The book explores the relevance of ‘international’ postcolonial theoretical paradigms to a reading of Pacific literatures, but it also offers a region-specific analysis of key authors and texts, drawing upon Indigenous Pacific literary theories, and sketching in some of the key socio-historical trajectories that have inflected Pacific writing. Well-established Indigenous Pacific authors such as Albert Wendt, Witi Ihimaera, Alan Duff, and Patricia Grace are considered alongside emerging writers such as Sia Figiel, Caroline Sinavaiana-Gabbard, and Dan Taulapapa McMullin. The book focuses primarily upon Pacific literature in English – the language used by the majority of Pacific writers - but also breaks new ground in examining the growing corpus of francophone and hispanophone writing in French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Easter Island/Rapa Nui.
Europeans in the Pacific
Authors: Keown Michelle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘Simply by sailing in a new direction / You could enlarge the world’. So wrote New Zealand poet Allen Curnow in ‘Landfall in Unknown Seas’, a poetic meditation on the 1642 ‘discovery’ of New Zealand by Dutch explorer Abel Tasman (Bornholdt et al. (eds.) 1997: 401). Tasman’s abortive voyage (see section 2.3 below) was made at a time when relatively little was known about the Pacific region: the Spanish, who led the first European expedition to Oceania in 1521, had annexed Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, but abandoned plans to expand further into the Pacific. Tasman’s endeavours added little to European knowledge of the region, and it was not until the late eighteenth century that the geographical contours of the Pacific were decisively established (by British explorer James Cook).
Orality, Textuality, and Memory: The Language of Pacific Literatures
Authors: Keown Michelle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter departs from the broadly chronological focus of previous chapters in order to explore the importance of oral literary traditions to contemporary Pacific literatures. It begins with an overview of the transition from orality to print in Pacific cultures, exploring the interchange between Indigenous, colonial, and contact languages during the colonial period, and offering stylistic analyses of the ways in which Pacific writers incorporate vocabulary and grammatical features from colonial contact languages (such as Melanesian Pidgin, Hawai’i Creole English, and Fiji Hindi) into their work.
‘Mutilated towards alignment?’: Prometheus On His Crag and the ‘Cambridge School’ of anthropology
Authors: Zajko Vanda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The defiance of the chained Prometheus reverberates within literary history, articulating the tension between overwhelming despair and equally remorseless hope, between the existence, as Hughes articulates it in the second Prometheus poem, ‘That cannot be otherwise And could not have been otherwise And never can be otherwise’ and the promise of rehabilitation and rebirth. The Titan who, in the remotest of pasts, gave fire to humankind in open rebellion against Zeus and was punished everlastingly for his action, has continued to be called upon in various moments when, in the words of Tony Harrison, ‘history moves in directions where deffance and unfreedom cry for help.
Between monarchy and democracy; neo-classicism and the laureate poetry of Ted Hughes
Authors: Rees Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In about 1954 Ted Hughes wrote for his sister-in-law Joan a charming dialogue between Elizabeth I and Elizabeth II—the apparition of an elderly Elizabeth I joins her young namesake at the fireside of Windsor Castle library, and they have an animated conversation about the inffuence a monarch could effect on the relationship between individuals and their society.1 Characterization is strong, the writing effcient.
Passion in extremis in Ted Hughes’s Tales from Ovid
Authors: Tatham Anne-Marie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his introduction to Tales from Ovid (1997), Ted Hughes places passion at the centre of Ovid’s work: Above all, Ovid was interested in passion. Or rather, in what a passion feels like to the one possessed by it. Not just ordinary passion either, but human passion in extremis—passion where it combusts, or levitates, or mutates into an experience of the supernatural.
Ted Hughes: Allusion and Poetic Language
Authors: Silk Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ted Hughes’s late collection, Birthday Letters, contains, among many notable poems, one called ‘The Rabbit Catcher’. This looks back to a poem of the same title by Hughes’s first wife, Sylvia Plath, written in the remarkable period of creative activity near the end of her life, in May 1962. Plath’s poem:1 It was a place of force— The wind gagging my mouth with my own blown hair, Tearing off my voice, and the sea Blinding me with its lights, the lives of the dead Unreeling in it, spreading like oil.
The Hughes Version: Commercial Considerations and Dramatic Imagination
Authors: Marshall Hallie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ted Hughes wrote dramatic verse his entire career. While he found some measure of early success in writing dramatic verse for the radio, and for the BBC in particular, he had little success in writing for the stage.1 Peter Hall, in his letter of rejection for Difficulties of a Bridegroom, a symbolic play based on alchemical concepts, wrote: ‘Symbolic drama simply has to have a concrete basis, and this I don’t believe has. It is a series of fascinating theatrical images which weary by their dexterity.
Introduction
Authors: Revermann Martin , Wilson Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book is, above all, a gift for a man who has given us so much. On August 2nd 2008 Oliver Taplin will turn sixty-five. And soon after, he will retire from the University in which he has worked since 1968 and which he entered as an undergraduate as a Foundation Scholar of Corpus Christi College in 1962. We offer him this volume in celebration of more than four decades of achievement.
The Odyssey as Performance Poetry
Authors: Murray Oswyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Twenty years ago, in 1987, Oliver Taplin and Beaty Rubens made their tour of Greece for the BBC Radio 4 programme, An Odyssey round Odysseus. I was their historical adviser, and introduced them to Emporio on Chios, Lefkandi and Eretria, Old Smyrna, the stinking open sewer under a flyover near Izmir that is all that is left of the river Meles beside (or from) which Homer was born, and other historical Homeric sites; we travelled together for a fortnight, while I acted as gooseberry to the burgeoning romance between the two lovers. In the course of this odyssey Oliver and I had many discussions about our conflicting views of Homeric performance. Oliver published his theory many years ago as Homeric Soundings (1992). Here at last is my response to our ongoing discussion, which I dedicate to Oliver and Beaty, in memory of conversations which started in the great-eighth century megaron on the top of the windy hill of Ayios Elias at Emporio on Chios, with a pair of eagles circling overhead.
Star Choruses: Eleusis, Orphism, and New Musical Imagery and Dance*
Authors: Csapo Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A dozen years have passed since Albert Henrichs gave a full description of a remarkable change in the imagery of tragic choral odes. Henrichs found a large increase in choral self-reference (i.e. choruses talking about their own performance) in the last decades of the fifth century, and especially in the late plays of Euripides. Henrichs fortunately did not limit his study to selfreference: late choruses also speak much more of other choruses dancing (a phenomenon he termed ‘choral projection’.) The fact is that late and especially late Euripidean choruses describe music and dance (whether their own or that of others) surprisingly often, and, when they do, this music or dance has a distinctly, usually expressly, Dionysiac quality, or if not Dionysiac, at least cultic. With the observation that choral lyric reveals (one might say ‘conspicuously advertises’) a conscious connection with Dionysiac ritual, Henrichs put a rather strong case for Euripides’ religious commitment: ‘Far from suppressing Dionysus, as Nietzsche claimed, Euripides takes advantage of every conceivable dimension of the god and deserves to rank as the most Dionysiac of the three tragedians.’
Putting Performance into Focus
Authors: Revermann Martin , Wilson Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recognition through tokens, according to Aristotle in the Poetics, is the most artless kind of anagnôrisis. Reliance on a birth mark, a scar, or a necklace as a device to trigger recognition usually reflects an uninventive author, incapable of creating a more artful dramatic narrative. For Aristotle this is not only an aesthetic judgement, but also a matter of technical classification. Artless tokens are to be understood as his poetic equivalents of the inartificial proofs (π?τε?&lt; αΛ τεχνοι) described in the Rhetoric, i.e. ‘proofs which have not been furnished by ourselves but were already in existence’, of which Aristotle gives the three ancient courtroom examples of witnesses, tortures, and contracts. It is perhaps paradoxical, therefore, that the conjunction of anagnôrisis and tokens in the classical period produced masterpieces of τEχ?η fully equal to our honorand. These tokens of Greek glyptics may fall outside Aristotle’s remit, but they are (as I hope to show here) certainly artful and poetic, and (in particular) dramatic.
What Coleridge Saw
Authors: Paley Morton D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After his arrival in England, Coleridge was eager to put his new knowledge of art to use in a series of lectures, and he immediately started making plans to do so. There was, as it turned out, an opportunity at hand. In a letter to Sara Coleridge of 16 September 1806, he wrote: ‘I have had an application from the R. Institution for a Course of Lectures, which I am much disposed to accept, both for money and reputation & My purpose is to divide my time steadily between my [‘]Reflections moral and political grounded on Information obtained during two years resident in Italy and the Mediterranean’: and the Lectures on the Principles common to all the Fine Arts’ (CL 2: 1181).
Introduction: The Return of Classics
Authors: Harrison Stephen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This volume offers an eclectic account of engagement with the literatures of Greece and Rome by some contemporary poets writing in English. It includes both pieces by poets themselves, reflecting on their own use of classical texts, and analyses of these and other living poets (and of one no longer alive) by scholars of classical reception, showing how such poetic interactions work in detail and reflecting on some broader intellectual and cultural contexts. This introduction sets out a contextualizing sketch of the re-emergence of classical literary texts as a significant source for poetry in English since 1960 as a context for the pieces in this book.
The Argippaei (Herodotus 4. 23) in Belfast
Authors: Alden Maureen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Herodotus’ information about the peoples of Scythia derives from the Arimaspea, a poem by the shaman, Aristeas of Proconnesus (Hdt. 4.14.3). Everyone who has read book four of Herodotus remembers the Argippaei, who are bald from birth, both men and women. They have snub noses and long chins (or perhaps long beards) and speak their own language, although they wear Scythian dress (Hdt. 4.23.1–5): Up to this point the territory of the Scythians I have been describing is all level and deep-soiled, but from here on it is stony and rough. After traversing a great deal of the rough terrain, the foothills of high mountains are inhabited by men said to be all bald from birth, both men and women alike, with snub noses and long chins (long beards?), speaking their own language, but wearing Scythian dress, and living from trees. The tree from which they live is called Ponticum, about the size of a fig-tree: it bears a fruit the size of a bean, but with a kernel.
Introduction: ‘Many things untouch’d: Browne at 400
Authors: Barbour Reid , Preston Claire 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is a paradox worthy of one of Browne’s own meditations on memory and authority that he should be among the most influential of writers in the history of English literature, and yet be one whose works have for some time been largely relegated by the academy to the category of literary curiosity. The roll-call of his admirers and imitators is hardly less impressive than that of Shakespeare or Milton; it includes John Dryden, Robert Boyle, Samuel Johnson, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Charles Lamb, Henry David Thoreau, Herman Melville, Emily Dickinson, Virginia Woolf, J. B. Priestley, Jorge Luis Borges, Javier Maria´s, Bruce Chatwin, Roberto Calasso, Mario Praz, William Styron, and W. G. Sebald.
The Laudian Idiot
Authors: Shuger Debora 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Achsah Guibbory’s words, Religio Medici comes ‘discomfortingly close to the controversial positions of the Laudians’. She is certainly right, and not the first to note the proximity. Yet one does not find Browne’s name in recent historical scholarship on Laudianism, which is surprisingly thin and, as Guibbory’s dis-comfort suggests, still surprisingly hostile to Laud, who remains cast as the ‘evil counsellor’ whose authoritarian rigidity and intolerance ‘cost the king his crown’.
‘Wonders of the Invisible World’: The Trial of the Lowestoft Witches
Authors: Silver Victoria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Lastly, wee are not Magisteriall in opinions, nor have wee Dictator-like obtruded our conceptions, but in the humility of Enquiries or disquisitions, have only proposed them unto more ocular discerners. And therefore opinions are free, and open it is for any to think or declare the contrary. And wee shall so farre encourage contradiction, as to promise no disturbance, or reoppose any Penne, that shall Fallaciously or captiously refute us, that shall onely lay hold of our lapses, single out digressions, Corollaries, or ornamentall conceptions to evidence his own in as indifferent truths.
Brownean Motion: Conversation within Pseudodoxia Epidemica’s ‘Sober Circumference of Knowledge’
Authors: West William N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Seventeenth-century readers approached Thomas Browne as an encyclopedic polymath with wide-ranging opinions of general interest in science and religion. But for much of the twentieth century, Browne was read principally as a prose stylist, often with the unstated assumptions that the style was the man, and also perhaps that the reader was the author—learned, tasteful, tolerant, and exceptional.
Auxiliary θє́λω
Authors: Lee John A L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The future tense in Modern Greek is formed with Łæ subjunctive, as for example, θɑϒρɑˊϕω. This form of expression has its origin in a periphrasis with θє́λω. The ultimate base is θє́λω infinitive, with θє́λω in its original meaning ‘wish to ’, which evolves into an expression of simple futurity. The development is parallel to that in many languages, among them of course English, in which futurity is expressed by an auxiliary that originally meant ‘wish/want ‘; or to put it in terms of grammaticalization, the lexical item ‘wish/want ‘ has evolved along the cline of grammaticality to a grammatical function, namely, to express futurity. The detailed history of the development in the Byzantine period is not the concern of this paper and will be touched on only briefy. It is more complicated than one might have expected, and debate continues on the details.
Authorial Revision of Linguistic Style in Greek Papyrus Letters and Petitions (ad i–iv)
Authors: Luiselli R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘No utterance is such that its author cannotcare what it sounds like. ‘1. In the written language such care is primarily a feature of literary composition but may also affect the linguistic form of ephemeral texts relating to daily life. In petitioning government officials and other authorities, as well as in writing letters on private affairs, Greek-speaking individuals within the Roman empire seem on occasion to have been no less willing than modern westerners to subject their own written compositions to stylistic revision. Drawing on letters and drafts of petitions penned on papyrus in the first four centuries of the Christian era, this essay sets out to discuss the phenomenon of self-correction in Greek documentary prose as evidence for awareness of style among the educated e´lites in Egypt.
Greek Papyri and Graeco-Latin Hybrid Compounds*
Authors: Filos Panagiotis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the contacts between Greek and Latin have attracted renewed interest. The links between the two classical languages had long been viewed from a primarily descriptive and historical point of view. The emphasis is now on examining two interacting linguistic systems, with the focus of current research moving from the more traditional and better-studied fields (phonology, morphology, lexical borrowings, etc.) into new, or almost new, areas such as syntax, sociolinguistics (bilingualism, code-switching, etc.), and other related areas.
Greek Fictional Letters
Authors: Costa C D N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The book explores a relatively unfamiliar and under-appreciated area of Greek literature, imaginary letters written between about 100 BC and 500 AD. They are imaginary or fictional either because both writer and recipient are invented, or because they are attributed to real historical characters. In the latter group, the real authors are unknown, whereas we know at least the names of those in the first group. Letter writing, real and fictional, was an important activity in this period, which was also the time that the sophists or professional rhetoricians were very influential in the political and educational life particularly of the Greek east. Many of our authors clearly were sophists practising their skills, especially in character portrayal. This selection opens a window on an attractive, lively, and often amusing area in the history of Greek prose. All the letters are translated, and the commentaries provide both grammatical help and background information.
Alciphron
Authors: Costa C D N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It was useful for us that the sea became smooth and calm today. For when the storm continued into the third day, the north winds blowing furiously from the headlands over the sea, the deep rippling and turning black, and the foam flowering on the water’s surface, as the waves of the sea broke against each other-here they dashed against the rocks, there they swelled up within themselves before breaking in spray-there was no possibility of work at all. We took over the little huts along the shore, and collecting a few chips of wood which the shipwrights had recently left after cutting down the oaks, we lit a fire with them and relieved ourselves of the bit­ter cold. This fourth day that has come is a ‘halcyon’, I think (you can judge by the clear sky), and it has given us a wealth of good things all at once.
Anacharsis
Authors: Costa C D N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Greeks are wise men, yet in no way are they wiser than barbarians. For the gods have not deprived barbarians of knowing how to recognize the good. You can prove this by examining us with words to see if we have noble thoughts, and putting us to the test, whether our words harmonize with our deeds and whether we are like those who live good lives. But do not let monumental columns and bodily adornment impede correct judgement. For different people adorn their bodies differently according to their ancestral customs. The symptoms of stupidity-and likewise of good sense-are the same for barbarians and for Greeks. Now, because Anacharsis came to your door wishing to become your friend, you declined, replying that I should form friendship in my own land. But if someone offered you a Spartan dog, you would n ‘t tell that man to take the dog first to Sparta and give it to you there. When shall we ever be friends with each other if every one speaks like this? This does not seem to me the right attitude, Solon, you wise Athenian. I have a strong urge to come back to your door, not with the same request as before, but to find out what your theory about friendship really means.