bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charakterisierung der Stärkehydrolysate nach Einwirkung einer thermostabilen α‐Amylase
Authors: Dobreva E. , Ivanova V. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe action of thermostable α‐amylase produced by Bacillus licheniformis 44MB82 strain on soluble and insoluble starch, amylose and amylopectin at temperatures 30°C and 90°C was studied. The hydrolysis of soluble starch proceeded rapidly for 10 to 15 minutes after which the maltodextrins thus formed were further dissociated. In the course of 60‐minutes enzyme treatment mainly glucose, maltose and maltosugars (from G3 to G6) as low molecular weight products were found and the formation of maltcse and maltotriose was increased by the longer treatment. The hydrolysis of insoluble starch and amylopectin proceeded in the same way while the amylose was hydrolysed slowly.
Heterotrophic eubacteria isolated from cultures of the cyanobacterium, spirulina maxima
Authors: Davis J. E. , Jones L. P , Zajic J. E. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThree distinct heterotrophic eubacterial strains were isolated from mixotrophic cultures of the filamentous cyanobacterium, Spirulina maxima (Gom) Geitl. Spirulina spp. are considered to be prime candidates for the phototrophic production of biomass protein, particularly in developing countries. These cyanobacteria are extreme alkaliphiles and halophiles, making their production in arid regions promising.Most previous studies on the eubacteria which live in Spirulina culture systems have focused on determining the possible presence of pathogenic species in biomass protein. Little has been done to understand the symbiotic relationships between the cyanobacterium and its eubacterial cosymbionts. From the perspective of a heterotrophic eubacterium, autotrophic cultural systems of Spirulina have limited carbon and energy resources, being limited to cyanobacterial exudates.In this study, three eubacterial strains were isolated and studied. One strain, a Gram‐negative, non‐sporing, motile rod, grew exceptionally well in a mineral salts medium where only a small amount of a single low molecular weight organic compound (e.g., acetate) was supplied as sole energy source. This strain was also extremely euryresponsive with respect to salinity and alkalinity as well. Two less well‐adapted eubacterial strains are also described.
Nachweis humoraler und lokaler Antikörper nach Einsatz einer bordetella Bronchiseptica‐Lebendvakzine am Schwein
Authors: Mitro S. , Krüger M. , Horsch F. , Kiessling S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe aim of this work was to prove if a Bordetella bronchiseptica living vaccine is able to induce humoral and local antibodies in pigs. The living vaccine was compared with a killed Bordetella bronchiseptica adjuvans vaccine. The results show that piglets of sows vaccinated parenterally with living vaccine and killed adjuvans vaccine develop a stronger humoral immune reaction than piglets vaccinated locally with living vaccine. Sows immunized parenterally with living vaccine permint their piglets in the first three weeks colostral antibodies like sows immunized with killed adjuvans vaccine. The living vaccine induces especially local antibodies.
Anwendung von Methoden der Mustererkennung bei mikrobiell hergestellten Trockenproduktchargen
Authors: Noetzel R. , Schulz P. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe application of methods of Pattern Recognition makes it possible to classify dehydrated SCP‐products which were produced under various conditions of production by a low number of signs. These mathematical methods not only allow to draw technological conclusions but also to decide on correctness of the way to produce suitable SCP‐products for feeding of monogastric animal species. There are a large number of possibilities to use these methods of Pattern Recognition in the field of biotechnological research.
Verfahren zur Produktion von ColE1‐verwandten Plasmiden
Authors: Neubauer P. , Hofmann K. , Riethdorf S. , Hecker M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe plasmid ColE1 and its derivatives are the most commonly used vectors in gene cloning experiments. A very often used method to obtain a sufficient amount of plasmid DNA is to treat exponential growing cells of Escherichia coli containing plasmids with chloramphenicol [2]. An amplification of these plasmids is also possible in Escherichia coli relA mutants if one of the necessary amino acid limits the growth [8]. On the basis of this system a fed‐batch fermentation process was developed with a ten times higher yield of plasmid DNA than the method based on chloramphenicol.
Growth and dinitrogen fixation by azospirillum, species grown under various growth conditions
Authors: Shawky B. T. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe effect of strain specificity, various culturing conditions, and incubation periods on the growth and efficiency of dinitrogen fixation by A. lipoferum and A. brasilense, grown in semisolid N2 malate medium was investigated.The properties of the particular strain markedly affected the proliferation as well as the nitrogen gains of Azospirillum in either growth condition. In A. lipoferum strain 1244 and A. brasilense strrain 1771 the multiplication rates were much higher, the counts reaching 7 × 106 and 9 × 106 cells/ml after 15 days in case of 50/300 ml growth condition, associated with high nitrogen gains reaching 99.8 and 114.3 mgl−1, while in A. lipoferum strain 8670 and A. brasilense strain 5677 the counts were 6 × 105 and 2 × 106 cells/ml after both the same period and growth condition, associated with low nitrogen gains, reaching 62.5 and 69.6 mgl−1, i. e., the amounts of nitrogen fixed is usually linked to cell proliferation. The microbial activity in both nitrogen fixation and oxidation of carbonaceous material is directly reflected on the efficiency of dinitrogen fixation. In all treatments the efficiency of N2‐fixation generally increased markedly with time. In A. lipoferum strains 1244 and 8670 the efficiency of N2‐fixation was 118.5 and 107.4 in case of 50/100 ml growth condition after 20 days, while in A. brasilense strains 1771 and 5677 the corresponding figures were 126.5 and 115.4. The response of the available oxygen was linked to the growth conditions, accordingly, the efficiency of N2‐fixation increased by 4.4% & 8.8% in case of A. lipoferum strains 1244 and 8670, and 11.0% & 9.8% in case of A. brasilense strains 1771 and 5677 as a result of increasing the surface area: depth ratio by altering the volume of medium in the experimental flasks.
Effect of organic growth factors upon the biomass production of some yeasts
Authors: Kamra N. , Madan M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractSome asporgenous yeasts, isolated from various fruits have been examined for their organic growth factor requisites. Of the fifteen growth factors tested, thiamine, biotin, pyridoxine and inositol are the most commonly required organic growth factors by the yeasts, whereas rest of the growth factors showed variable essentiality. All the species of yeasts investigated required different concentrations of growth factors for their optimum growth. Concentration higher than the optimum have been found to be inhibitory for the growth of all the yeasts studied.
Intensification of glucose oxidase synthesis with aspergillus niger by the way of multistage mutagenization
Authors: Fiedurek J. , Rogalski J. , Ilczuk Z. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractConidia of glucose oxidase active Aspergillus niger G 13 strain were subjected to the fourth‐stage mutagenization using different combinations of mutagens in each stage (stage I – UV radiation + nitrosomethylurea, stage II – UV radiation + ethyleneimine, Stage III – acryflavine, stage IV – UV radiation + N‐methyl‐N′‐nitrosoguanidine). In all, 400 strains which showed higher glucose oxidase activity with our own diffusion data method (were isolated out of 5208 colonies after mutagenization). Nine most active mutants were tested in the submerged culture determining the activity of glucose oxidase in the post‐culture liquid which increased from 10.7 to nearly 30%.
Production of active mutant strains of penicillium canescens 20171, forming complex preparation of exogenous glycosidases
Authors: Lomkatsi E. T. , Radiani T. Sh. , Shkolni A. T. , Bilai T. I. , Gomarteli M. M. , Jobava M. D. , Tsereteli A. K. , Kvesitadze G. I. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe ability to synthesize extracellular β‐galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), α‐galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22), β‐fructofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.26) in Penicillium canescens mutant strains (300 cultures) after UV‐irradiation has been checked. Most of the investigated mutants had the ability to produce the mentioned enzymes in an increased amount in comparison with initial strain. The ability of extracellular enzyme biosynthesis in P. canescens mutant strains was increased for α‐galactosidase on 200%, for β‐galactosidase on 275% and for β‐fructofuranosidase−220%. The mutant strains were stable during three years of observation, complitely maintaining increased activity.
Dihydrodipicolinate synthase of lysine excreting and non excreting strains of bacillus megaterium
Authors: Chatterjee M. , Chatterjee S. P. , Banerjee A. K. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractDihydrodipicolinate synthase activity of lysine producing strain of Bacillus megaterium and its high yielding mutant AECr 60f was highest during the end of the exponential phase and remained at the same level during the stationary phase when major bulk of lysine was accumulated. In comparision in a lysine non producing strain of B. megaterium the activity of the enzyme was low. Lysine producing strains has DHD synthase with two specialities, persistence during the stationary phase and insensitivity to repression by exogenous lysine. The high yielding mutant has increased DHD synthase activity which was not sensitive to feed back inhibition with lysine.
Characteristics of the immobilized pectin lyase activity from a commercial pectolytic enzyme preparation
Authors: Lozano P. , Manjón A. , Iborra J. L. , Gálvez D. M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA commercial pectolytic enzyme preparation has been immobilized onto a nylon‐polyethyleneimine copolymer, in order ot study the contribution of the pectin lyase activity inthe overall pectindegrading activitg. Optimal conditions for the immobilization process of the pectin lyase activity, such as chemical modification of the support, coupling pH and protein concentration, were determined.Kinetic parameters and temperature behaviour of both the soluble and immobilzied pectin lyase activitgy of the derivative were also determined. OPerational stability of the pectin lyase and overall viscosity reducring activities resulting in a halflife times of 3.8 and 8.5 days, respectively, for both pectolytic activities, when the immobilized derivatives were tested in a cross‐flow reactor, using a highly esterified pedtin as substrate.
Isolation and utilization of indigenous yeast strain for brewing of millet beer (OYOKPO)
Authors: Uraih N. , Anetekhai W. E. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThree yeast strains were isolated from a spontaneously fermented native millet (Pennisetum typhoideum) malt beer (Oyokpo). One of the yeast isolates found to have the most highly fermenting capacity was characterised and identified as a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeast was then utilised as the pitching yeast in a subsequent controlled fermentation of millet wort at 20°C for 120 hours. Bitter leaf (Vernonia amagdalina) extract was used as the bittering and flavouring agent. The Oyokpo beer sample produced under these conditions was found to possess both chemical and organoleptic qualities comparable to some extent, to the conventional barley malt beer. At the end of fermentation, the pH, specific gravity, alcohol content, reducing sugar content and protein content of the beer were 4.11, 1.0308, 2.81% (v/v), 4.00 (mg/ml) and 0.84 (mg/ml) respectively.
Biosynthesis of dehydroaltenusin by talaromyces flavus
Authors: Fuska J. , Proksa B. , Uhrían D. , Marvanová L. , Sturdiková M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA new metabolite, identical with dehydroaltenusin was isolated from a strain Talaromyces flavus B 5 which was selected from parental strain 51 C/I. Metabolite inhibited the growth of wooddamaging fungi, especially Ciadosporium sphaerospermum and P388 leukemid cells.
Effect of trace elements upon the biomass production of some candida species
Authors: Madan M. , Kamra N. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractTrace element studies were carried out on nine species of Candida. Out of twenty‐three trace elements tested, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu were found to be essential for the growth of all the yeast species whereas the rest of the elements exhibited variable essentiality. All the species of yeasts investigated required different concentrations of trace elements for their optimum growth. Concentrations higher than the optimum have been found to be inhibitory for the growth of all the yeasts studied here.
Chemical and microbiological solubilization of silicates
Authors: Friedrich S. , Platonova N. P. , Karavaiko G. I. , Stichel E. , Glombitza F. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe solubilization of silicates was investigated using kaolin and quartz sand as model substances. The mineral solubilization was studied in the concentration of solubilized Si and Al. The chemical leaching of the silicates was carried out using inorganic and organic acids as well as sodium hydroxide. The process was more effective in the alkine than in the acid pH range. In the acid medium, oxalic acid showed maximum acidity and a tendency to form complex structures, especially with aluminium, and was most effective in leaching.The microbiological influence on solubilization reactions was tested using a number of microorganisms among them acid, alkali and slime‐forming species. The highest leaching activity was observed in the case of Thiobacillus thiooxidans, whereas the heterotrophic microorganisms (among them Bacillus mucilaginosus) did not exercise a sollubilizing effect on the silicates.X‐ray phase analysis of leached kaolin samples did not show any differences from the non‐leached mineral.
The use of plant cell vesicles for immobilization of yeast cells producing ethanol
Authors: Karbaum Ch. , Kleine R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe preparation of immobilized living yeast cells adsorbed into or onto delipided specimens of the dwarf duckweed Wolffia arrhiza (Fam. Lemnaceae) is reported. These yeast cell‐plant cell conjugates were used for the repeated batch production of ethanol from glucose (143 to 246 g/l) or saccharose (150 g/l). Up to 25 fermentation cycles at 30°C were performed. The cycle time for complete substrate conversion to ethanol was reduced 10‐fold by a 5‐fold increase of the yeast cell Wolffia conjugate concentration (ε = 0.08 to ε =0.4) ε = volume of cell conjugate/totnl reaction volume. The corresponding ethanol production was 11.5 to 13.5 vol% and 9 vol% respectively. The reported results on the discontinuous ethanol fermentation with Wolffia‐immobilized yeast cells open the field for their application in continuous ethanol production processes.
The Influence of n‐[2‐isopentenyl] adenine on shoot differentiation in digitalis purpurea l. Tissue cultures
Authors: Čellárová E. , Hončariv R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe morphogenetic capacity of Digitalis purpurea L. leaf explants and callus cultures has been studied. The promoting growth of calli was induced by the presence of exogenously applied auxins and cytokinins in the ratio 2:1. Bud and shoot differenatiation occurred in leaf explants and callus cultures of the 2nd subculture under the influence of 1.00 to 5.00 mg·1‐1 N67hyphen;[2‐Isopentenyl] adenine. The regeneration protocol described provides 7 to 10 plantlets per leaf explant. The results are compared with the effect of other cytokinins in Digitalis purpurea and a related Digitalis lanata species.
Continuous determination of protease during the fermentation using the autoanalyzer adm 300
Authors: v. Lupin I. , Körner D. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA method for automatic determination of proteolytic activity during fermentation is described. Therefore the autoanalyzer ADM 300 of the PRUEFGERAETEWERK MEDINGEN F.R.G. is connected to a fermenter. After filtration of the biomass, the culture filtrate is diluted and then incubated with casein solution. (0.75%, pH 8.0, 55°C) low moleculare cleavage products are separated from higher molecular ones by dialysis. The absorbence is measured at 600 nm after addition of alkaline copper tartrate and FOLIN solution. By use of different dilution rates, a range of 0–32 units ml−1 may be measured. The coefficient of variation is 5.5.
Unusual wax esters and glycolipids: Biocatalytical formation and physico‐chemical characterization
Authors: Lang S. , Multzsch R. , Passeri A. , Schmeichel A. , Steffen B. , Wagner F. , Hamann D. , Cammenga H. K. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBy aid of lipases, e.g. of Mucor michei, in n‐hexane wax esters were produced from usual primary fatty alcohols and unusual hydroxy fatty acids (in part of microbial origin). Thus, (S)‐17‐hydroxyoctadecanoic acid dodecyl ester and (R)‐3‐hydroxy decanoic acid dodecyl ester were formed. In measurements of the film pressure using a LANGMUIR film balance the monolayers of both compounds indicated good stability compared to the non‐hydroxy wax esters. Glycolipids de novo produced by microorganisms did not show suitable wetting properties, but they were able to lower ze surface tension of water to a higher extent than the unusual waxes.
Effect of exogenous cycllc amp on catabolite repression of cellulase formation in aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Bagga P. S. , Sandhu D. K. , Sharma S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe addition of 1 mM cyclic AMP to induced and repressed cultures of Aspergillus nidulans and its mutant strain (CRR 141) resistant to catabolite repression was fully capable of releasing the wild type from catabolite repression while it caused hyperproduction of cellulases in glycerol repressed cultures. The relief of the catabolite repression was also accompanied by a dramatic drop in enhanced protease levels, thereby indicating that the synthesis of proteases (during the catabolite repression) is under the control of cyclic AMP.
Stability of plasmid pBR 322 in escherichia coli nf 161 (rela+) and nf 162 (rel a) grown in a methionine limited chemostat
Authors: Hofmann K. H. , Schweder T. , Reinhardt U. , Hecker M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe stability of the plasmid pBR 322 was measured in E. coli NF 161 (rel A+) and NF 162 (rel A) grown in a methionine limited chemostat. A significant plasmid loss occurred only in E. coli NF 162 at a low dilution rate and if the fermenter had been inoculated with cells from the stationary phase. Obviously, this behaviour resulted from the high expression of β‐lactamase due to amplification of the pBR 322 DNA in the inoculum cells of E. coli NF162.
Studies of the root nodules of leguminous plants IV: Production of indole acetic acid by a bradyrhizobium sp. from the root nodules of a leguminous shrub, crotalaria retusa L
Authors: Bhattacharyya R. N. , Basu P. S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBradyrhizobium sp. isolated from the root nodules of a leguminous shrub, Crotalaria retusa L., produced a high amount of indole acetic acid (IAA) from tryptophan in the culture. The bacteria preferred D‐isomer to the DL‐ or L‐isomer of tryptophan for the IAA production. The IAA production could be increased up to 153.6% over control by supplementing the medium with arabinose (0.5%), ZnSO4(0.01 μg/ml), KNO3 (0.1%), thiamine‐HCl (0.01 μg/ml) and EDTA (5 μg/ml).The possible role of the rhizobial production of IAA with the rhizobia‐legume symbiosis is discussed.
An Algorithm for operating a fed‐batch fermentation using quasi‐steady state
Authors: Panov D. P. , Kristapsons M. Z. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe determination of an optimum feeding profile of a fed‐batch fermentation requires the solution of a singular optimum control problem, which is often complicated by changes in the process kinetics during the fermentation. The procedure of optimization may be sufficiently simple, if the feeding part of fermentation is carried out in the quasi‐steady state. In this work an algorithm for operating a fed‐batch fermentation using mentioned regime is offered. The algorithm supposes a periodical correction of the feeding strategy. Applying to fed‐batch lysine fermentation demonstrate efficacy of this algorithm over frequently used strategies.
High performance fermentation process using methanol utilizing acidophilic bacteria
Authors: Pöhland H.‐D. , Hühn H.‐J. , Prause M. , Schulze E. , Schurig K.‐H. , Soyez K. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractUsing a methanol utilizing acidophilic MB 58 bacteria strain (IMET 10945T), a stable fermentation process was performed in a pilot plant pressure fermenter of 250 l total volume for more than four months.Under the fermentation conditions (system pressure and retention time) used, productivities ranged between 2.3 and 9.4 BDM kg−1. h−1 and growth yields between 0.31 and 0.42.Models describe the correlations between yield and retention time. The mean value of growth yield amounts to 0.41 at a retention time of 6.5 h.
Comparison of various ways of extraction of nucleic acids and of preparation of yeast extract from saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis
Authors: Běhalová B. , Bláhová M. , Šillinger V. , Machek F. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractSix different variations of the extraction procedure applied to yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis to optimize the production of yeast extract and isolation of nucleic acids were compared. The autolysis of C. utilis at 50 to 52°C without adding chemical agents was found to be the best for the production of yeast extract. The most suitable procedures used for the extraction of nucleic acids were those which were carried out from C. utilis at pH 7.5 (92°C) and the other with 0.4 M NH4OH (40°C). Both these modifications yielded the highest amounts of polymer nucleic acids. Applying all procedures compared to S. cerevisiae an increased content of sterols (including Δ5.7‐sterols, predominantly ergosterol) was detected.
Microencapsulation of hybridomas by cellulose sulfate‐polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride procedure
Authors: Groot‐Wassink T. , Dautzenberg H. , Grunow R. , Von Baehr R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractTwo hybridoma cell lines of human origin and two of murine origin were encapsulated using the cellulose sulfate‐polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride procedure. All lines could be cultivated in capsules, but the time of growth and product synthesis were limited.The membranes formed were impermeable to albumin and transferrin over a period of 240 minutes. Therefore, the stop of cell proliferation is assumed to be caused by the lack of at least these two proteins. The cell densities inside the capsules reached a maximum of 4.1 × 106/ml (human line) and 3.9 × 107/ml (murine line). The maximum product concentration in the capsules measured by IgG‐ and IgM‐ELISA was 0.17 mg/ml (human line) and 7 mg/ml (murine line). The calculated corresponding retention was 93% (human IgM) and 52% (murine IgG). The characterization of the product showed that the immunoglobulin was not intact and might have been destroyed during harvest. Using the same cell lines the method was compared with the alginate‐PLL procedure originally developed by LIM and SUN [1].