bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updating, subtyping, and perceptions of the police: Implications of police contact for youths’ perceptions of procedural justice
Authors: Dan‐Irabor Dale , Slocum Lee Ann , Wiley Stephanie A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIndividuals enter police encounters with expectations about how these interactions will unfold. These expectations are often rooted in racialized personal, vicarious, and collective experiences with the police. Bayesian updating posits that the way youth perceive treatment by the police during stops and arrests combines with prior expectations and perceptions to shape current views of the law, whereas subtyping suggests this process differs by race. This study examines intra‐ and interracial variability in these processes using longitudinal survey data from 3,085 Black and White youth. Regardless of race, youth who indicate they were treated with disrespect during police encounters had lower perceptions of procedural justice than did those with no contact, whereas contact perceived as respectful had no significant effects. For White but not Black youth, police encounters rated as “neutral” are associated with more negative views of the police. Other forms of legal socialization are also racialized, including messages conveyed in the media and by parents. Limited evidence exists that prior views of the police moderate the effect of police encounters on procedural justice or that these conditioning effects vary by race. Findings support updating, but race differences do not neatly align with findings expected with updating or subtyping theory.
Effect of soy peptides with different hydrolysis degrees on the rheological, tribological, and textural properties of soy protein isolate gels
Authors: Bourouis Imane , Li Borui , Pang Zhihua , Chen Cunshe , Liu Xinqi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study was performed to examine the effect of two soy peptides addition with hydrolysis degrees of 90% and 30% (hydrolysis degree (DH)90, DH30) at various concentrations (1–10 mg/mL) on soy protein isolate (SPI) gel behavior and pure SPI gel was set as control. SPI gels with adding peptides were prepared, and their rheological, textural, and tribological properties, as well as water‐holding capacity, zeta potential, and particle size, were determined. During the rheological measurement, adding peptides reduced storage modulus (G′) compared to the control, with larger particles formed. However, peptide addition could significantly reduce gelation time, showing a more significant effect with DH30. The gels' firmness, adhesiveness, and water‐holding capacity decreased as peptide concentration increased. Syneresis was observed in gels with peptides, whereas the control sample showed no syneresis. Based on the rheological results, the shear stress in the control sample was higher than in the gels containing peptides indicating more resistance to shear. The gels with DH30 showed greater G′ and G″ than DH90 at all studied concentrations. Nevertheless, there was an improvement in the lubrication behavior of SPI gels with peptide addition. DH30 showed a relatively more significant friction reduction than DH90, indicating their slightly better lubrication properties.
Conservation in a litre of air
Authors: Lodge David M. 
Published: October 2023

Since Ficetola et al. (2008) alerted ecologists and conservation biologists to the existence of environmental DNA (eDNA), the number of studies using eDNA has exploded, with a rapidly increasing diversity of research, monitoring, and management objectives. Initial applications focused on amphibians and fishes while today's taxonomic targets span the phylogenetic tree. The environmental media that are sampled have expanded from freshwater to saltwater to soils, and, most recently, to air. In this issue of Molecular Ecology Resources, Lynggaard et al. (Molecular Ecology Resources, 2023) use eDNA captured on air filters to census vertebrate biodiversity in a forest. With a three day, six sample period, 143 sample effort in a nature park in a rural area of Zealand, Denmark, their wild species detections comprised about 25% of the terrestrial vertebrates that are known to occur in the area, including about 33% of the mammal, 17% of the bird, and 60% of the amphibian species. This study demonstrates that air sampling for eDNA has the potential to become a powerful standard method for terrestrial biodiversity assessment that is complementary to traditional methods (e.g., trapping, visual and acoustic observation, collection of scat and hair).
Development of a clinical algorithm to predict phenotypic switches between atopic dermatitis and psoriasis (the “Flip‐Flop” phenomenon)
Authors: Müller Svenja , Welchowski Thomas , Schmid Matthias , Maintz Laura , Herrmann Nadine , Wilsmann‐Theis Dagmar , Royeck Thorben , Havenith Regina , Bieber Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis vulgaris (PV) are almost mutually exclusive diseases with different immune polarizations, mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Switches to the other disease (“Flip‐Flop” [FF] phenomenon) can occur with or without systemic treatment and are often referred to as paradoxical reactions under biological therapy.MethodsThe objective was to develop a diagnostic algorithm by combining clinical criteria of AD and PV to identify FF patients. The algorithm was prospectively validated in patients enrolled in the CK‐CARE registry in Bonn, Germany. Afterward, algorithm refinements were implemented based on machine learning.ResultsThree hundred adult Caucasian patients were included in the validation study (n = 238 with AD, n = 49 with PV, n = 13 with FF; mean age 41.2 years; n = 161 [53.7%] female). The total FF scores of the PV and AD groups differed significantly from the FF group in the validation data (p < .001). The predictive mean generalized Youden‐Index of the initial model was 78.9% [95% confidence interval 72.0%–85.6%] and the accuracy was 89.7%. Disease group‐specific sensitivity was 100% (FF), 95.0% (AD), and 61.2% (PV). The specificity was 89.2% (FF), 100% (AD), and 100% (PV), respectively.ConclusionThe FF algorithm represents the first validated tool to identify FF patients.
Management of diabetic macular oedema in France from 2012 to 2018: The nationwide LANDSCAPE study
Authors: Creuzot Garcher Catherine P. , Massin Pascale , Srour Mayer , Baudin Florian , Dot Corinne , Nghiem‐Buffet Sylvia , Girmens Jean‐Francois , Collin Cedric , Ponthieux Anne , Delcourt Cecile 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the management of diabetic macular oedema (DME) patients from the entire French population between 2012 and 2018.MethodsIn this retrospective longitudinal study, we identified adults treated for DME from the French population using the exhaustive French National Health Information database (SNDS), and an algorithm based on diagnosis and procedure codes, and reimbursed treatments.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2018, we identified 53 584 treated DME patients, who were followed for up to 7 years from DME treatment initiation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) became the predominant imaging tool to diagnose DME.Only 14% of patients consulted a diabetologist or endocrinologist in the 3 months prior to initiating DME treatment, whereas 84% consulted a general practitioner. The percentage of patients consulting an ophthalmologist declined over time, from 97% of patients in Year 1 (median of 9 consultations), to 46% in Year 7 (median of 7 consultations).The median DME treatment duration with an anti‐VEGF and/or dexamethasone implant treatment was 9 months; 54% of patients had a treatment duration less than 1 year. First‐line treatment was more common with ranibizumab (55% of patients) than with aflibercept (30%), or dexamethasone implant (15%). About 25% of patients who initiated anti‐VEGF treatment switched treatment at least once, while 30% of patients who initiated dexamethasone implant switched to anti‐VEGF treatment at least once.ConclusionsFrench DME patients seem well‐monitored by their ophthalmologist, but median DME treatment duration was just 9 months. These results emphasise the challenge to manage and treat patients with DME over the long term.
Exploring the transition experiences of young adults with cerebral palsy
Authors: Clough Isabelle , Culnane Evelyn , Loftus Hayley 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt is important that young adults with a chronic health condition or developmental disability, such as cerebral palsy, receive adequate healthcare transition preparation and support to optimise the transition period and transfer from paediatric to adult health services. Understanding the healthcare experiences of young adults during and after the transition period will provide valuable insights into what enables a positive healthcare experience for young adults in the adult health setting.MethodsEleven young adults with cerebral palsy who had their last appointment at the Royal Children's Hospital between 2016 and 2018 were purposively recruited for this study. Ten participants completed one‐on‐one telephone interviews, and one participant provided written responses to interview questions. Five participated via parent proxy. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using the Braun and Clarke six‐step thematic analysis to create an interpretive description of participants' transition experiences.ResultsThree themes were generated: (1) “preparedness of the young adult and parent,” which discussed the preparation for adult healthcare, with subthemes (a) expectations of adult care and (b) development of self‐management skills during transition; (2) “coordination of transfer process and continuity of care,” which illustrated the impact of transfer coordination on continuity of care; and (3) “adjusting to adult services,” which highlighted experiences of care in the adult setting, with subthemes (a) differences between paediatric and adult services, (b) availability and accessibility of adult and community services to meet needs, and (c) autonomy and agency.ConclusionDedicated transition support for young adults and their parents during transition from paediatric to adult healthcare plays an important role in ensuring a supportive and well‐coordinated transition and transfer of care. Experience of care in the adult setting is influenced by a combination of both transition experience and the capacity of adult services to cater for young adults' needs.
RIPOR2: A new gene of non‐syndromic cochleovestibular dysfunction, discrepancy between human pathology and animal models
Authors: Morel Godelieve , Ernest Sylvain , Serey‐Gaut Margaux , Jonard Laurence , Balogoun Abeke Ralyath , Parodi Marine , Loundon Natalie , Achard Sophie , Marlin Sandrine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCochleovestibular dysfunctions are rare conditions misrecognized. A homozygous pathogenic variation c.1561C > T (p.Arg521*) in RIPOR2 (RHO family interacting cell polarization regulator 2) has been identified by WES in Tunisian siblings suffering from congenital bilateral profound hearing and vestibular dysfunctions. In contrast to the vestibular areflexia observed in our patients, deaf Ripor2 KO mouse model and our zebrafish model have normal vestibular function.
Dental implant treatment in patients with cancer on high‐dose antiresorptive medication: A prospective feasibility study with 2 years follow‐up
Authors: Hjortholt C. O. , Andersen S. W. M. , Jensen S. S. , Kofod T. , Gotfredsen K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesDental implant treatment is considered contraindicated in patients with cancer on high‐dose antiresorptive medication (HDAR). The aim of this prospective, feasibility study was to evaluate implant treatment in patients with cancer on HDAR, in terms of implant survival, implant success, and oral health‐related quality of life (OHLQoL) after 2 years of loading.Materials and MethodsImplants were inserted in three groups of HDAR patients: (1) Previous tooth extraction, no medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), (2) Previous MRONJ, now healed, (3) Existing MRONJ, planned surgical resection. Implants were placed without adjunctive bone or soft tissue augmentation. [Correction added on 01 February 2024, after first online publication: The spelling has been corrected from “argumentation” to “augmentation” in this latest version of the article.] Abutment operation was performed after ≥12 weeks. Prosthetic treatment was initiated ≥14 weeks. Survival and success rate were determined, and OHLQoL was analyzed with OHIP‐49 and QLQ‐H&N35 questionnaires. Patients were seen for 6 months, 1‐ and 2 years follow‐up.ResultsTwenty‐two patients, 39 implants, completed the implant‐based prosthetic treatment. Implant‐supported crowns and overdentures were fabricated. Thirteen patients (59%) with 23 implants (59%) completed 2 years follow‐up. Overall implant survival and success rate after 2 years of loading were 100% and 97.4%, respectively. OHLQoL for the patients increased in all groups after the treatment, a substantial increase was seen in group 3. Two patients developed MRONJ, but not related to the implant treatment.ConclusionDental implant treatment, with high survival and success rate and increased post‐treatment OHLQoL, is feasible in HDAR patients after 2 years of loading. Caution with general recommendations should be exercised.
Nicotine suppresses crystalline silica‐induced astrocyte activation and neuronal death by inhibiting NF‐κB in the mouse hippocampus
Authors: Cao Hangbing , Li Bing , Mu Min , Li Shanshan , Chen Haoming , Tao Huihui , Wang Wenyang , Zou Yuanjie , Zhao Yehong , Liu Yang , Tao Xinrong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsExposure to crystalline silica (CS) in occupational settings induces chronic inflammation in the respiratory system and, potentially, the brain. Some workers are frequently concurrently exposed to both CS and nicotine. Here, we explored the impact of nicotine on CS‐induced neuroinflammation in the mouse hippocampus.MethodsIn this study, we established double‐exposed models of CS and nicotine in C57BL/6 mice. To assess depression‐like behavior, experiments were conducted at 3, 6, and 9 weeks. Serum inflammatory factors were analyzed by ELISA. Hippocampus was collected for RNA sequencing analysis and examining the gene expression patterns linked to inflammation and cell death. Microglia and astrocyte activation and hippocampal neuronal death were assessed using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Western blotting was used to analyze the NF‐κB expression level.ResultsMice exposed to CS for 3 weeks showed signs of depression. This was accompanied by elevated IL‐6 in blood, destruction of the blood–brain barrier, and activation of astrocytes caused by an increased NF‐κB expression in the CA1 area of the hippocampus. The elevated levels of astrocyte‐derived Lcn2 and upregulated genes related to inflammation led to higher neuronal mortality. Moreover, nicotine mitigated the NF‐κB expression, astrocyte activation, and neuronal death, thereby ameliorating the associated symptoms.ConclusionSilica exposure induces neuroinflammation and neuronal death in the mouse hippocampal CA1 region and depressive behavior. However, nicotine inhibits CS‐induced neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis, alleviating depressive‐like behaviors in mice.
The value of gadolinium‐enhanced MRI in predicting the development of sudden hearing loss into Ménière's disease
Authors: Cai Huimin , Xiao Heng , Lin Jianwei , Lin Chenxin , Guo Xiaojing , Huang Gengliang , Ye Shengnan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the clinical features of sudden hearing loss (SHL) in patients with and without endolymphatic hydrops (EH), and to investigate the association between SHL with EH and Ménière's disease (MD).MethodsThe clinical data of 63 SHL patients with first symptoms were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were separated into two groups based on the results of gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: EH and non‐EH groups. Independent sample t‐test and U‐test were used to compare groups for continuous variables, and the chi‐squared test, corrected chi‐squared test and Bonferroni correction test were used to compare groups for binary and ordinal variables. The binary logistic regression model was utilised for univariate and multivariate analysis of follow‐up patient prognosis.ResultsThe EH and non‐EH groups contained 32 and 31 patients, respectively. The EH group had a higher prevalence of low‐tone descending hearing loss. Fifty‐one patients were followed for more than 2 years. In the EH group, 11 and 15 patients were diagnosed with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and MD, respectively, while in the non‐EH group, 24 patients were diagnosed with SSNHL and only one with MD. EH, low‐tone descending hearing loss and vertigo were risk factors for the diagnosis of MD in a subgroup univariate regression analysis of patients experiencing SHL. EH was found to be a risk factor for the progression of SHL into MD in a multifactor regression analysis.ConclusionsPatients with SHL who have EH are more likely to present with low‐tone descending hearing loss. EH is a risk factor for the subsequent development of MD.
Top‐Down Number Reading: Language Affects the Visual Identification of Digit Strings
Authors: Dotan Dror 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReading numbers aloud involves visual processes that analyze the digit string and verbal processes that produce the number words. Cognitive models of number reading assume that information flows from the visual input to the verbal production processes—a feed‐forward processing mode in which the verbal production depends on the visual input but not vice versa. Here, I show that information flows also in the opposite direction, from verbal production to the visual input processes. Participants read aloud briefly presented multi‐digit strings in Hebrew, in which the order of words is congruent with the order of digits (21 = twenty‐and‐one), and in Arabic, in which the ones word precedes the tens word (one‐and‐twenty). The error‐by‐digit‐position curve was affected by language: relative to Hebrew, in Arabic the error rate was slightly lower for the unit digit and slightly higher for the decade digit, indicating that in Arabic the unit digit was processed earlier and the decade digit later, in accord with the Arabic word order. This language‐dependent processing order originated in the visual level and was not a verbal confound, because it persisted even when I controlled for the serial position of the decade/unit word in the verbal number by using numbers with 0 (two hundred three/two hundred thirty). I conclude that the visual analyzer's digit scanning order, decade‐first or unit‐first, is not fixed but affected by the language in which the number is produced—a top‐down, verbal‐to‐visual information flow.
PML‐mediated nuclear loosening permits immunomodulation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells under inflammatory conditions
Authors: Chu Yunpeng , Jiang Zishan , Gong Zheng , Ji Xiaocao , Zhu Mengting , Shang Qianwen , Gong Pixia , Cao Lijuan , Chen Yongjing , Li Peishan , Shao Changshun , Shi Yufang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNuclear configuration plays a critical role in the compartmentalization of euchromatin and heterochromatin and the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Under stimulation by inflammatory cytokines IFN‐γ and TNF‐α, human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) acquire a potent immunomodulatory function enabled by drastic induction of various effector genes, with some upregulated several magnitudes. However, whether the transcriptional upregulation of the immunomodulatory genes in hMSCs exposed to inflammatory cytokines is associated with genome‐wide nuclear reconfiguration has not been explored. Here, we demonstrate that hMSCs undergo remarkable nuclear reconfiguration characterized by an enlargement of the nucleus, downregulation of LMNB1 and LMNA/C, decondensation of heterochromatin, and derepression of repetitive DNA. Interestingly, promyelocytic leukaemia‐nuclear bodies (PML‐NBs) were found to mediate the nuclear reconfiguration of hMSCs triggered by the inflammatory cytokines. Significantly, when PML was depleted, the immunomodulatory function of hMSCs conferred by cytokines was compromised, as reflected by the attenuated expression of effector molecules in hMSCs and their failure to block infiltration of immune cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced acute lung injury. Our results indicate that the immunomodulatory function of hMSCs conferred by inflammatory cytokines requires PML‐mediated chromatin loosening.
Comparison between interventional versus medical therapy in patients with rheumatic mitral valve stenosis in Tanzania
Authors: Mutagaywa Reuben K. , Kifai Engerasiya , Elinisa Mercy , Mayala Henry , Kisenge Peter , Shemu Tulizo , Nyawawa Evarist , Kunambi Peter P. , Boniface Respicious , Barongo Aileen , Kwesigabo Gideon , Kamuhabwa Appolinary , Chamuleau Steven , Cramer Maarten J. , Chillo Pilly 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundRheumatic heart disease remains the most common cardiovascular disease in children and young adults. The outcome of interventional versus medical therapy on the long term is not fully elucidated yet. This study provides contemporary data on the clinical profile, treatment and follow up of patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) in Tanzania.MethodsPatients' medical information, investigations and treatment data were recorded in this prospective cohort study. They were followed up for 6–24 months to determine the long‐term outcome. Interventional therapy was defined as a combination of surgery and percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards model were used in analyses. p‐Value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsWe enrolled 290 consecutive patients. Interventions were done in half of the patients. Median follow up was 23.5 months. Mortality was higher in the medical than interventional treatment (10.4% vs. 4%, log‐rank p = 0.001). Median age was 36 years, females (68.3%) and low income (55.5%). Multivalvular disease was found in 116 (40%) patients, atrial fibrillation (31.4%), stroke/transient ischaemic attack (18.9%) and heart failure class III–IV (44.1%). Median (IQR) duration of disease was 3 (4) years, secondary prophylaxis (27.7%) and oral anticoagulants use (62.3%). In multivariable analysis, the risk of death among patients on medical was 3.07 times higher than those on interventional treatment (crude HR 3.07, 95% CI 1.43–6.56, p = 0.004), 2.44 times higher among patients with arrhythmias versus without arrhythmias (crude HR 2.44, 95% CI 1.19–4.49, p = 0.015) and 2.13 times higher among patients with multivalvular than single valve disease (crude HR 2.13, 95% CI 1.09–4.16, p = 0.026).ConclusionsIntervention is carrying low mortality compared to medical treatment. Arrhythmias and multivalvular disease are associated with a high mortality. Rheumatic MS is more prevalent in young people, females and individuals with low income. There is a late hospital presentation and a low use of both secondary prophylactic antibiotics and anticoagulants.