bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector Pi23014 targets host RNA‐binding protein NbRBP3a to suppress plant immunity
Authors: Li Wanyue , Liu Zeming , Huang Yuli , Zheng Jie , Yang Yang , Cao Yimeng , Ding Liwen , Meng Yuling , Shan Weixing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhytophthora infestans is a destructive oomycete that causes the late blight of potato and tomato worldwide. It secretes numerous small proteins called effectors in order to manipulate host cell components and suppress plant immunity. Identifying the targets of these effectors is crucial for understanding P. infestans pathogenesis and host plant immunity. In this study, we show that the virulence RXLR effector Pi23014 of P. infestans targets the host nucleus and chloroplasts. By using a liquid chromatogrpahy‐tandem mass spectrometry assay and co‐immunoprecipitation assasys, we show that it interacts with NbRBP3a, a putative glycine‐rich RNA‐binding protein. We confirmed the co‐localization of Pi23014 and NbRBP3a within the nucleus, by using bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR assays showed that the expression of NbRBP3a was induced in Nicotiana benthamiana during P. infestans infection and the expression of marker genes for multiple defence pathways were significantly down‐regulated in NbRBP3‐silenced plants compared with GFP‐silenced plants. Agrobacterium tumefaciens‐mediated transient overexpression of NbRBP3a significantly enhanced plant resistance to P. infestans. Mutations in the N‐terminus RNA recognition motif (RRM) of NbRBP3a abolished its interaction with Pi23014 and eliminated its capability to enhance plant resistance to leaf colonization by P. infestans. We further showed that silencing NbRBP3 reduced photosystem II activity, reduced host photosynthetic efficiency, attenuated Pi23014‐mediated suppression of cell death triggered by P. infestans pathogen‐associated molecular pattern elicitor INF1, and suppressed plant immunity.
Should left‐ and right‐sided unilateral cleft lip and palate patients be grouped together when reporting the outcomes?
Authors: Al‐Hassani Manar , Fowler Peter , Wren Yvonne , Leary Sam , Davies Amy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesInvestigate associations between cleft laterality in patients with non‐syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and oral‐health, dental‐arch, speech, audiological, psychological and nasolabial‐aesthetic outcomes.MethodsSecondary data analysis of the outcomes of 5‐year‐old children with non‐syndromic complete UCLP identified from three studies: Cleft Collective (n = 155), Cleft Care UK (CCUK) (n = 266) and Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG) study (n = 238). Outcome measures included occlusal assessment using the 5‐year‐old's index score, speech intelligibility rating using the CAPS‐A Audit tool, audiological assessment using pure tone audiometry, nasolabial aesthetic assessment using the Asher‐McDade tool, oral‐health assessment using decayed, missing, filled teeth scores and parent‐reported outcomes. Logistic regression with adjustment for age, sex and index‐of‐multiple‐deprivation scores were performed.ResultsNo differences were found in patient‐reported outcomes between the left and right clefts in the Cleft Collective study. From the CCUK study, right clefts had poorer speech (n = 236; 95% CI 1.09, 3.42; and P = .03) and hearing outcomes (n = 211; 95% CI 1.03, 3.43; P = .04). In the CSAG study, patients with left clefts were more likely to be teased (n = 213; 95% CI 0.26, 0.85; and P = .01).ConclusionWeak associations between cleft laterality, speech, hearing and psychological outcomes were found, however the findings were inconsistent across the studies. This study contributes to evidence of associations between laterality and outcomes in children born with UCLP.
Assessing the rebound phenomenon in different myopia control treatments: A systematic review
Authors: Sánchez‐Tena Miguel Ángel , Ballesteros‐Sánchez Antonio , Martinez‐Perez Clara , Alvarez‐Peregrina Cristina , De‐Hita‐Cantalejo Concepción , Sánchez‐González María Carmen , Sánchez‐González José‐María 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo review the rebound effect after cessation of different myopia control treatments.MethodsA systematic review that included full‐length randomised controlled studies (RCTs), as well as post‐hoc analyses of RCTs reporting new findings on myopia control treatments rebound effect in two databases, PubMed and Web of Science, was performed according to the PRISMA statement. The search period was between 15 June 2023 and 30 June 2023. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to analyse the quality of the selected studies.ResultsA total of 11 studies were included in this systematic review. Unifying the rebound effects of all myopia control treatments, the mean rebound effect for axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) were 0.10 ± 0.07 mm [−0.02 to 0.22] and −0.27 ± 0.2 D [−0.71 to −0.03] after 10.2 ± 7.4 months of washout, respectively. In addition, spectacles with highly aspherical lenslets or defocus incorporated multiple segments technology, soft multifocal contact lenses and orthokeratology showed lower rebound effects compared with atropine and low‐level light therapy, with a mean rebound effect for AL and SER of 0.04 ± 0.04 mm [0 to 0.08] and −0.13 ± 0.07 D [−0.05 to −0.2], respectively.ConclusionsIt appears that the different treatments for myopia control produce a rebound effect after their cessation. Specifically, optical treatments seem to produce less rebound effect than pharmacological or light therapies. However, more studies are required to confirm these results.
Health‐related Quality of Life (HRQOL) Outcomes of Selective/Nonselective Thoracic Fusion for Lenke 1C Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) Patients with a Minimum 4‐year Follow‐up
Authors: Luo Chuan , Deng Zhipeng , Li Junhu , Li Zhuhai , Wang Lihang , Ran Liyu , Song Yueming , Huang Shishu , Wang Lei , Ma Litai 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveBoth the selective thoracic fusion (STF) and nonselective thoracic fusion (NSTF) are treatments for Lenke 1C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). To date, the impacts of the two surgical strategies on patients' long‐term quality of life remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the long‐term effects of STF/NSTF on the quality of life in Lenke 1C AIS patients through a 4–10‐year follow‐up.MethodsFrom January 2011 to April 2018, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a retrospective single‐center study of 75 surgical patients with Lenke 1C curves was performed (n = 75). They all underwent posterior fusion, and patients were divided into the selective thoracic fusion (STF) group (n = 42) and the nonselective thoracic fusion (NSTF) group (n = 33) based on their surgical approach. All participants received the survey of the visual analogue scale (VAS), SRS30, SF12, and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scales. Patients' gender, age, body mass index (BMI), surgical approach (STF/NSTF), surgical segments (UIV and LIV), follow‐up time, complications, preoperative, postoperative, and last follow‐up Cobb angles, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes were collected, and analyzed through the Shapiro‐Wilks test, Wilcoxon rank‐sum test, t‐test, and χ2 test.ResultsThe mean follow‐up of the entire cohort was 73 ± 5.6 months. The lumbar Cobb angle in the STF group improved from 31.8 ± 6.5° to 11.5 ± 5.1° after the operation and 10.3 ± 6.9° at the last follow‐up. The postoperative correction rate of the lumbar curve was 63.8%, which increased to 67.7% at the last follow‐up. In the NSTF group, the lumbar Cobb angle improved from 34.3 ± 11.3° to 4.3 ± 3.7° after the operation, and was 5.1 ± 3.1° at the last follow‐up. The postoperative correction rate of the lumbar curve was 87.4%, and 85.1% at the last follow‐up. At the last follow‐up, the STF group had higher overall HRQOL scores than the NSTF group, and there were statistically differences between the different groups (STF/NSTF) in SRS‐30‐Mental health (p = 0.03), SRS‐30‐Satisfaction with management (p = 0.02), SRS‐30‐Pain (p = 0.03), ODI (p = 0.01), SF‐12 PCS (p = 0.03), VAS back pain (p = 0.005) and VAS leg pain (p = 0.001). No statistically differences were found in SF12 MCS, SRS‐30‐Self‐image/Appearance and SRS‐30 Function/activity.ConclusionAfter 4–10 years of follow‐up, we found that the STF group achieved satisfactory correction results, and compared with the NSTF group, their overall HRQOL scores were higher, especially in terms of pain and satisfaction, where the STF group shows a significant advantage.
(Mis)Understanding Correlativity in Contractual Relations
Authors: Sakharova Irina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article challenges the orthodox explanation of the normative connection between contracting parties: The promisee is regarded as having a superior position vis‐à‐vis the promisor, a position manifesting itself in the promisee's authority or control over the promisor's performance, and supported, in particular, by the promisee's supposed power, or at least some sort of ability falling short of a normative power, to “waive” the promisor's duty of performance. The article demonstrates that this explanation is rooted in a one‐sided, and ultimately wrong, understanding of correlativity in contractual relations and suggests a better understanding, one truly capable of accounting for contractual bilaterality.
Decomposition of the impact of government and private transfers on income inequality in China
Authors: Liu Jingqi , Wang Chen , Wang Jinxian , Yang Chen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the redistributive effects of government and private transfers on income inequality in China, based on data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) during 2012–2020. The results indicate that, first, both government and private programs have inequality‐reducing effects and the effect from the government is much larger. More specifically, old‐age pensions have the largest inequality‐reducing effect, followed by government subsidies, private transfers, and charity donations. In urban areas, old‐age pensions have larger redistributive effects, while in rural areas, government subsidies, private transfers, and charity donations contribute to lower inequality. However, compensation for land expropriation and housing demolishment is inequality‐increasing. Moreover, the redistributive effects of the transfers are highly driven by their budget size rather than their targeting.
Validation of the Sysmex XN analyser and Blood Bank mode for the quality and safety of donor blood and transfusion products
Authors: Valina Ondrej , Vankova Ida , Mintzas Konstantinos , Knappova Klara , Gasova Zdenka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesOur objective was to compare the measurement of residual white blood cell (rWBC) and residual red blood cell (rRBC) counts in blood products using the XN Blood Bank mode and the laboratory standard operating procedures for manual counts. In addition, to compare the whole blood complete blood count (CBC) values of blood donors and the quality of blood products using the Sysmex XN analyser versus the XS‐1000i analyser.Materials and MethodsFor blood donors, 190 samples from blood or apheresis donors were analysed on both the Sysmex XS‐1000i and XN‐1000 analysers and the mean values of six CBC parameters were compared: the white blood cell count (WBC), the red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), haematocrit (HCT), the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), the platelet count (PLT). For blood products, 164 samples were collected: 13 Plasma products – whole blood, 9 Plasma products – apheresis, 36 RBC concentrates – whole blood, 30 PLT concentrates – buffy coats, 36 PLT concentrates – buffy coats – pooled and 55 PLT concentrates – apheresis.ResultsAll CBC parameters of the blood donors tested showed similar performance, with excellent correlation coefficients (r) ranging from 0.821 to 0.995. The majority of the blood products did not have a quantifiable number of residual cells, meaning the number of rWBC and rRBC, if present, was below the limit of quantitation (LoQ) of the different methods. rWBC were detected by Blood Bank mode in Plasma products – whole blood with a mean rWBC of 0.012 × 109/L and in PLT concentrates – buffy coats with a mean rWBC of 0.19 × 109/L. The correlation coefficient in both analysers for all three parameters (HGB, HCT, RBC) in RBC concentrates – whole blood was excellent, ranging from 0.95 to 0.99. For platelet count, r ranged from 0.98 to 0.99.ConclusionThe XN‐Series analyser, equipped with a Blood Bank mode, demonstrated reliable performance when used for blood donor evaluation, rWBC enumeration and measurement of end blood products.
Retrospective evaluation of surgical outcomes in canine patients with primary and secondary glaucoma following diode endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation
Authors: Sosnowik Shayna , Webb Terah , Bras Dineli , Hartrum Bianca J. , Micceri Danielle 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term outcome of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) for the treatment of primary and secondary glaucoma in dogs.Animals StudiedRetrospective review of dogs that underwent ECP at two referral centers from 2004 to 2023.ProceduresMedical records of 389 eyes (301 dogs) following ECP were reviewed. Outcomes evaluated included follow‐up time, intraocular pressure (IOP), vision status, additional ECP procedures performed, number of medications, and complications. Patient and surgical variables and their association with IOP control and vision maintenance were evaluated.ResultsMedian follow‐up time was 18 months. IOP remained controlled in 90% and 95% of patients at 1 and 2 years, respectively, following ECP. IOP was controlled long‐term (2 years) in cases with primary (88%) and secondary (99%) glaucoma. Post‐operative vision was maintained in 63% and 49% of eyes at approximately 1 and 2 years, respectively. Median time to vision loss was 6.5 months. Repeat ECP was required in 15.4% of eyes at a median of 19 days post‐operatively. Eyes that underwent more than one ECP surgery had a significantly longer median time to blindness (13.8 months) than those that underwent a single ECP procedure (3.6 months; p = .0003). The median number of anti‐glaucoma medications decreased from three pre‐operatively to one at 1‐ and 2‐year post‐operatively. Complications included corneal ulceration (28%), blinding hypotony (11%), retinal detachment (11%), and hyphema (10%).ConclusionEndolaser cyclophotocoagulation is an effective surgery for maintaining long‐term IOP control and extending vision in canine patients with glaucoma refractory to medical management.
Computed tomographic characteristics of confirmed and presumed noncutaneous pythiosis in 25 dogs
Authors: Hamlin Alessandra N. , Locker Seth , Huguet Elodie , Berry Clifford R. , Cole Robert , IV John F. Griffin , Gremillion Christine , Hecht Silke , Vilaplana Grosso Federico R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPythium insidiosum is an aquatic oomycete that causes granulomatous infection in dogs, most commonly cutaneous and gastrointestinal. Ultrasonographic characteristics of gastrointestinal pythiosis have been described; occasionally, CT is utilized in the clinical setting, and CT features of pythiosis have not been published. The purpose of this retrospective, multicenter, descriptive study is to describe CT characteristics of noncutaneous canine pythiosis. The following CT parameters were recorded: lesion anatomic location, number, shape, margination, size, attenuation pre‐ and postcontrast, enhancement pattern, lymph nodes affected, other lesions identified, and presence of peritoneal effusion or steatitis. Descriptive statistics demonstrating the frequency of lesion appearances were performed. Twenty‐five dogs with noncutaneous pythiosis lesions that underwent CT were included; 19 had primarily gastrointestinal infections, four primarily arterial infections, one intrathoracic and intra‐abdominal infection, and one primary pulmonary infection. In dogs with primary gastrointestinal infection, lesions were most common at the ileocolic junction and were most frequently focal, well‐defined, moderate to marked circumferential wall thickening that was homogeneous and smoothly marginated precontrast, with moderate heterogeneous contrast enhancement. Most dogs had involvement of multiple gastrointestinal regions. Of four dogs with primary arterial involvement, three had large aneurysmal dilatations of the cranial mesenteric artery with severe mural thickening. All dogs had regional lymphadenopathy, which was variable but generally mild. Nine dogs had peritoneal effusion; six dogs had steatitis. CT features of pythiosis can overlap with neoplasia, but pythiosis should be considered as a differential, especially in young dogs. Findings supported using CT as an adjunct imaging test for increasing clinical suspicion of noncutaneous pythiosis.
A high‐fat diet supplemented with medium‐chain triglycerides ameliorates hepatic steatosis by reducing ceramide and diacylglycerol accumulation in mice
Authors: Mourad Stephanie , Abdualkader Abdualrahman Mohammed , Li Xiaobei , Jani Shailee , Ceddia Rolando B. , Al Batran Rami 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is projected to be the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Currently, no pharmacological treatments are available to treat NAFLD, and lifestyle modification, including dietary interventions, is the only remedy. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine whether supplementation with medium‐chain triglycerides (MCTs), containing a mixture of C8 and C10 (60/40), attenuates NAFLD in obese and insulin‐resistant mice. To achieve that, we fed C57BL/6 male mice a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity and hepatic steatosis, after which obese mice were assigned randomly either to remain on the HFD or to transition to an HFD supplemented with MCTs (HFD + MCTs) or a low‐fat diet (LFD) for 6 weeks as another dietary intervention model. Another group of mice was kept on an LFD throughout the study and used as a lean control group. Obese mice that transitioned to HFD + MCTs exhibited improvement in glucose and insulin tolerance tests, and the latter improvement was independent of changes in adiposity when compared with HFD‐fed mice. Additionally, supplementation with MCTs significantly reduced hepatic steatosis, improved liver enzymes and decreased hepatic expression of inflammation‐related genes to levels similar to those observed in obese mice transitioned to an LFD. Importantly, HFD + MCTs markedly lowered hepatic ceramide and diacylglycerol content and prevented protein kinase C‐ε translocation to the plasma membrane. Our study demonstrated that supplementation with MCTs formulated mainly from C8 and C10 effectively ameliorated NAFLD in obese mice.
Modification of the Acoustic Mismatch Model and Diffuse Mismatch Model for Accurate Prediction of Interface Thermal Conductance at Low Temperatures
Authors: Barakat Nourhan , Hassan Fouad El Haj , Kazan Michel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Houston's method for summing phonon modes in the Brillouin zone is applied to exclude specular transmission of phonon modes of specific symmetries, thus, modifying the Acoustic Mismatch Model when phonon heat flux is incident from a heavier to a lighter medium. The Houston method is also used to impose conservation of the number of phonons in each direction of high-symmetry, thus modifying the detailed balance theorem and the Diffuse Mismatch Model. Based on the assumption that phonons are in equilibrium at the interface and are transmitted specularly or diffusely by two-phonon elastic processes, interpolation between the modified Acoustic Mismatch Model and the modified Diffuse Mismatch Model has led to a general analytical formalism for low-temperature interface thermal conductance. The Debye temperature, the only parameter in the derived formalism, is expressed as a function of temperature by assimilating numerically obtained specific heat values to the Debye expression for specific heat. Previous measurements of the low-temperature thermal conductance of smooth and rough interfaces between dissimilar materials could be reproduced numerically without adjustment of model parameters, demonstrating the importance of modifications to the Acoustic Mismatch Model and the Diffuse Mismatch Model and supporting the hypothesis that anharmonic processes play a minimal role in heat transport across the interfaces studied below room temperature. The formalism developed is used to study the thermal conductance of the interface between silicon and germanium because of the potential of silicon-germanium nanocomposites for thermoelectric applications.
A Hybrid Heavy Duty Diesel Power System for Off-Road Applications—Concept Validation
Authors: Koci Chad , Ivanov Radoslav , Steffen Jay , Adams Jeremy , Kruiswyk Rich , Bazyn Tim , Duvall Lauren , McDavid Robert , Montgomery Marc , Keim Jason , Waldron Tom 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A multiyear power system R&D program was completed with the objective of developing an off-road hybrid heavy duty diesel engine with front end accessory drive-integrated energy storage. This system was validated to deliver 10.5–25.6% reduction in fuel consumption over current Tier 4 Final-based 18L diesel engines, over various off-road machine application cycles. The power system consisted of a downsized heavy-duty diesel 13L engine containing advanced combustion technologies, capable of elevated peak cylinder pressures and thermal efficiencies, thermal barrier coatings, exhaust waste heat recovery via SuperTurbo™ turbocompounding, and hybrid energy assisting and recovery through both mechanical and electrical systems. Following the concept definition, design, and analysis phases of the program, the final phase focused on building and validating the performance and efficiency in laboratory tests. While aspects of the system such as start/stop and reduced off-road cooling package energy losses were only analytically evaluated, the main 13L concept engine with full hybrid system was successfully built and tested in steady-state and in transient certification and real-world application cycles. Extensive simulations in Caterpillar's DYNASTY™ software environment utilized the validation test data to assess performance more fully and confidently over varied cycles and strategies. An average fuel consumption reduction of 17.9% was realized, and the majority (∼13%) of the benefit stemmed from the core concept 13L engine. To conclude, a total cost of ownership analysis provides context to commercial viability and where adoption focus should be placed.