bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequent hypermethylation of promoter region of RASSF1A in tumor tissues and voided urine of urinary bladder cancer patients
Authors: Chan Michael W.Y. , Chan Lung W. , Tang Nelson L.S. , Lo Kwok Wai , Tong Joanna H.M. , Chan Anthony W.H. , Cheung Ho Y. , Wong Wai S. , Chan Peter S.F. , Lai Fernand M.M. , To Ka Fai 
Published: February 2003

AbstractHigh frequency loss of 3p21.3 region where RASSF1A located was demonstrated in several tumors. We aimed to investigate the methylation status of RASSF1A and the frequency of LOH in 3p21.3 region in bladder cancer. Three bladder cancer cell lines, 40 cases of bladder TCC and 14 cases of paired voided urine samples were subjected to methylation analysis. By methylation specific PCR, complete methylation of promoter region of RASSF1A gene were detected in cell lines T24 and UMUC3. Demethylation treatment re‐expressed RASSF1A in these 2 cell lines. Methylation of RASSF1A was also detected in 47.5% (19/40) of the TCC cases but not in 6 carcinoma in situ (CIS) or 6 normal urothelium samples. For LOH study, loss of 3p21.3 region was detected in 57.9% (11/19) of our cases. Interestingly, methylation of RASSF1A was found in 72.7% (8/11) of the cases with LOH but only in 12.5% (1/8) of the cases without LOH. Methylation of RASSF1A was detected in 50% (7/14) of voided urine samples, but not in normal control. It showed a higher sensitivity than conventional urine cytology in detecting cancer cells, especially for low grade cases. In conclusion, our results demonstrated a high frequency of RASSF1A methylation with frequent LOH in 3p21.3 region in bladder cancer. It suggested that it may be a potential tumor suppressor gene in this chromosomal region and can be silenced by promoter hypermethylation. Detection of aberrant gene methylation in routine voided urine was feasible and may provide a non‐invasive and sensitive approach for cancer detection. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of SH2D1A in five classical Hodgkin's disease‐derived cell lines
Authors: Kis Loránd L. , Nagy Noémi , Klein George , Klein Eva 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThe Src homology 2 domain protein 1A (SH2D1A) is a small, 128‐amino acid protein consisting of a single SH2 domain; it is probably involved in signal regulation. It is expressed in activated T and natural killer (NK) cells, but not in B lymphocytes. It was discovered in studies on the rare hereditary condition X‐linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP). Individuals with this condition either lack or carry an altered protein. The serious symptoms (fatal mononucleosis) present almost exclusively at the first encounter with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV). The absence of SH2D1A in B cells, which are the targets of EBV, has to be reconciled with this clinical situation. In an earlier search for B lymphocytes expressing SH2D1A, we detected it in EBV‐carrying type I Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) lines. We now show SH2D1A in 5 EBV‐negative classical Hodgkin's disease (HD)‐derived cell lines. Two lines belong to the T lineage and 3 to the B lineage. One B‐HD line, which originated from nodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma and differed in phenotype, was SH2D1A‐negative. This finding is in accordance with the previously reported abundant SH2D1A mRNA in Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg (HRS) cells. We thus found SH2D1A expression in lines of malignant origin assigned to the B lineage. Its presence in HRS cells may lead us closer to an understanding of the pathophysiology of the serious syndrome connected with EBV infection in XLP patients, because HRS‐like cells have been detected in the lymphoid tissue of patients with infectious mononucleosis. It is likely therefore that in addition to the demonstrated functional defect of T and NK cells imposed by the SH2D1A mutation, the behavior of certain EBV‐infected B lymphocytes is also modified. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decrease of DNA methyltransferase 1 expression relative to cell proliferation in transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: Kimura Fumihiro , Seifert Hans‐Helge , Florl Andrea R. , Santourlidis Simon , Steinhoff Christine , Swiatkowski Sandra , Mahotka Csaba , Gerharz Claus‐Dieter , Schulz Wolfgang A. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractIn many common cancers such as transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), specific genes are hypermethylated, whereas overall DNA methylation is diminished. Genome‐wide DNA hypomethylation mostly affects repetitive sequences such as LINE‐1 retrotransposons. Methylation of these sequences depends on adequate expression of DNA methyltransferase I (DNMT1) during DNA replication. Therefore, DNMT1 expression relative to proliferation was investigated in TCC cell lines and tissue as well as in renal carcinoma (RCC) cell lines, which also display hypomethylation, as indicated by decreased LINE‐1 methylation. Cultured normal uroepithelial cells or normal bladder tissue served as controls. In all tumor cell lines, DNMT1 mRNA as well as protein was decreased relative to the DNA replication factor PCNA, and DNA hypomethylation was present. However, the extents of hypomethylation and DNMT1 downregulation did not correlate. Reporter gene assays showed that the differences in DNMT1 expression between normal and tumor cells were not established at the level of DNMT1 promoter regulation. Diminished DNMT1:PCNA mRNA ratios were also found in 28/45 TCC tissues but did not correlate with the extent of DNA hypomethylation. In addition, expression of the presumed de novo methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B mRNAs was investigated. DNMT3B overexpression was observed in about half of all high‐stage TCC (DNMT3B vs. tumor stage, χ2: p = 0.03), whereas overexpression of DNMT3A was rarer and less pronounced. Expression of DNMT3A and DNMT3B in most RCC lines was higher than in TCC lines. Our data indicate that DNMT1 expression does not increase adequately with cell proliferation in bladder cancer. This relative downregulation probably contributes to hypomethylation of repetitive DNA but does not determine its extent alone. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Different tumors in bone each give rise to a distinct pattern of skeletal destruction, bone cancer‐related pain behaviors and neurochemical changes in the central nervous system
Authors: Sabino Mary Ann C. , Luger Nancy M. , Mach David B. , Rogers Scott D. , Schwei Matthew J. , Mantyh Patrick W. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractPain is the most common presenting symptom in patients with bone cancer and bone cancer pain can be both debilitating and difficult to control fully. To begin to understand the mechanisms involved in the generation and maintenance of bone cancer pain, we implanted 3 well‐described murine tumor cell lines, 2472 sarcoma, B16 melanoma and C26 colon adenocarcinoma into the femur of immunocompromised C3H‐SCID mice. Although each of the tumor cell lines proliferated and completely filled the intramedullary space of the femur within 3 weeks, the location and extent of bone destruction, the type and severity of the pain behaviors and the neurochemical reorganization of the spinal cord was unique to each tumor cell line injected. These data suggest that bone cancer pain is not caused by a single factor such as increased pressure induced by intramedullary tumor growth, but rather that multiple factors are involved in generating and maintaining bone cancer pain. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Naive CD8+ T cell recruitment and proliferation are dependent on stage of dendritic cell maturation
Authors: Kaiser Andrew , Bercovici Nadège , Abastado Jean‐Pierre , Nardin Alessandra 
Published: February 2003

AbstractDendritic cells (DC) play a crucial role in controlling the initiation and orientation of antigen (Ag)‐specific immune responses. It is widely accepted that optimal T cell priming requires mature DC. Although the molecular events associated with DC activation have been extensively studied, little is known about the consequences of DC maturation on recruitment and expansion of naive T cells. In the present study, we used a model tumor Ag to show that the kinetics of human DC maturation drastically affect the induction of Ag‐specific effector CD8+ T cells. In absence of exogenous cytokines and CD4 help, only DC at early stages of maturation were able to generate high frequencies of CTL. This expansion resulted from both enhanced recruitment and intense proliferation ofT cell precursors and could lead to an increase of up to 1,000‐fold in the final number of effector T cells compared to non‐matured DC. In our model, larger recruitment of naïve CD8+ cells did not modify the overall avidity of the Ag‐specific T cell population.
An improved algorithm to locate critical points in a 3D scalar field as implemented in the program MORPHY
Authors: Malcolm Nathaniel O. J. , Popelier Paul L. A. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractA new algorithm for location of the critical points in general scalar fields is described. The new method has been developed as part of an on‐going process to exploit the topologic analysis of general 3D scalar fields. Part of this process involves the use of topologic information to seed the critical point search algorithm. The continuing move away from topologic studies of just the electron density requires more general algorithms and the ability to easily “plug in” new functions, for example, the Laplacian of the electron density (▿2ρ), the Electron Localisation Function (ELF), the Localised Orbital Locator (LOL), the Lennard–Jones function (LJF), as well as any new functions that may be proposed in the future. Another important aspect of the current algorithm is the retention of all possible intermediate information, for example, the paths describing the connectivity of critical points, as well as an ability to restart searches, something that becomes increasingly important when analysing larger systems. This new algorithm represents a core part of a new local version of the MORPHY code. We distinguish nine universal types of gradient paths. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 24: 437–442, 2003
Duplex Doppler sonography of transplant renal artery stenosis
Authors: de Morais Ruth Helena , Muglia Valdair Francisco , Mamere Augusto Elias , Pisi Tânia Garcia , Saber Luciana Tanajura , Muglia Valmir Aparecido , Elias Jorge , Piccinato Carlos Eli , Trad Clóvis Simão 
Published: February 2003

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of duplex Doppler sonography in diagnosing transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) and to determine which parameter is the most reliable for making that diagnosis.MethodsOver a 3‐year period, we sonographically evaluated patients who were referred for investigation of possible TRAS. We investigated the following parameters: peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the external iliac and renal arteries, acceleration time and acceleration in the intrarenal arteries, acceleration time in the renal artery, resistance index, and the ratio of the PSVs in the renal and external iliac arteries. We also used MR angiography and digital subtraction arteriography to verify the degree of stenosis. After the evaluations, the patients were classified into 2 groups, 1 with and the other without significant stenosis (> 50% narrowing of the lumen) on digital subtraction arteriography. We also included a control group of patients who had undergone renal transplantation at least 6 months before, had had a good course after transplantation, had a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or less, and were taking a maximum of 1 antihypertensive drug.ResultsOur study population consisted of 22 patients suspected to have TRAS (10 without and 12 with confirmed significant stenosis) and 19 control patients. We found statistically significant differences between the mean values of these 3 groups except for the PSV in the iliac artery and the resistance index in the intrarenal arteries. The most accurate parameters to use in diagnosing TRAS were an acceleration time of 0.1 second or higher in the renal and intrarenal arteries, a PSV of greater than 200 cm/second in the renal artery, and a ratio of PSVs in the renal and external iliac arteries of greater than 1.8.ConclusionsDuplex Doppler sonography is an excellent method for screening patients suspected to have TRAS and can help select which of those patients should undergo digital subtraction arteriography. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:135–141, 2003
The small spleen: Sonographic patterns of functional hyposplenia or asplenia
Authors: Görg Christian , Eichkorn Miriam , Zugmaier Gerhard 
Published: February 2003

AbstractPurposeFunctional hyposplenia or asplenia (FAS) can be associated with potential fatal infections. The diagnosis of FAS is traditionally made on liver‐spleen scintigraphy and finding Howell‐Jolly bodies within erythrocytes. In this retrospective study, our goal was to identify any characteristic sonographic findings of the spleen in patients with FAS in an attempt to determine whether the diagnosis of FAS can be made sonographically.MethodsIn a review of all medical and sonographic records from the period of January 1, 1985, through December 31, 2001, we identified 24 patients (11 men, 13 women) in whom FAS had been diagnosed by liver‐spleen scintigraphy (n = 13) or the finding of Howell‐Jolly bodies (n = 11). The following sonographic parameters were determined: size of spleen (small, normal, or large), echotexture of the spleen (homogeneous versus inhomogeneous), echogenicity (isoechoic versus hyperechoic), presence of focal splenic lesions, and patterns of splenic vascularization as determined by color Doppler sonography (absent flow, hilar flow, or parenchymal flow).ResultsThe spleen was small in 20 patients (83%) and normal in the other 4 (17%). Echotexture was homogeneous in 13 patients (54%) and inhomogeneous in 11 (46%). The spleen was isoechoic in 18 cases (75%) and hyperechoic in 6 (25%). Six patients (25%) had focal lesions. Color Doppler sonography showed absent flow in 4 patients (17%), hilar flow in 17 (71%), and hilar and parenchymal vascularization in 3 (12%).ConclusionsSonographic findings in the spleen of patients with FAS are characterized predominantly by a small spleen with absence of parenchymal vascularization on color Doppler sonography in most cases. Future prospective studies will be necessary to confirm these findings and to determine whether FAS can be diagnosed reliably with sonography. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:152–155, 2003
Transcranial Doppler findings in middle cerebral arterial occlusive disease in relation to degree of stenosis and presence of concomitant stenoses
Authors: Bang Oh Young , Cho Jeong Hoon , Han Byung In , Joo In Soo , Kim Dong Ik , Huh Kyoon 
Published: February 2003

AbstractPurposeWe evaluated the accuracy of transcranial Doppler (TCD) criteria in detecting middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenoses other than solitary severe stenoses.MethodsThree TCD criteria were evaluated in patients with acute MCA territory infarction who also underwent angiography: abnormalities in mean velocity (MV), focal areas of spectral waveform abnormalities, and compensatory increase in MV in collateral vessels.ResultsAmong 102 patients studied, angiography revealed MCA lesions in 48: 16 had uncomplicated lesions (single stenosis of moderate to severe degree), 19 had mildly complicated lesions (single MCA stenosis of other than moderate to severe degree, or moderate to severe MCA stenosis with a concomitant lesion outside the MCA), and 13 had severely complicated lesions (MCA stenosis of other than moderate to severe degree with a concomitant lesion outside the MCA). The sensitivity of abnormalities in MV in uncomplicated MCA lesions was 81%, whereas it was 53% in mildly complicated MCA lesions and 38% in severely complicated MCA lesions. However, a compensatory increase in MV in collaterals was more frequently found in complicated MCA lesions, and focal areas of spectral waveform abnormalities were observed fairly consistently in all groups.ConclusionsTCD findings of focal areas of spectral waveform abnormalities and compensatory collateral flow were common in complicated MCA lesions and may improve the specificity of TCD in the diagnosis of MCA stenosis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:142–151, 2003
MRI‐guided access to the retropharynx
Authors: Lai Annie , Maghami Ellie , Borges Alexandra , Bonyadilou Shahram , Curran John , Abemayor Elliot , Lufkin Robert 
Published: February 2003

AbstractPurposeTo describe MR‐guided access to the retropharynx for precise fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and other indications for needle placement.Materials and MethodsA retrospective review was made of 15 procedures that had been performed on 14 patients. These patients had a retropharyngeal mass on MRI and had undergone MR‐guided minimally invasive access to the retropharynx for either diagnostic or therapeutic intervention in the period of October 1989 to January 2000.ResultsAll 14 patients underwent MR‐guided access to the retropharynx for FNAC without immediate or delayed complications. MRI confirmed that the biopsy needle was within the retropharyngeal mass in all patients. MR‐guided FNAC revealed five true‐positive, five true‐negative, four indeterminate, and no false‐positive cases. Ten of the 14 patients (71%) had diagnostic aspirations. In one patient with retropharyngeal extension of carcinoma, an MR‐guided approach was used for the experimental interstitial laser therapy (ILT).ConclusionThe results suggest that an MR‐guided retromandibular approach to biopsy of retropharyngeal mass is minimally invasive and safe. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;17:317–322. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the synchronization of transcranial magnetic stimulation and functional echo‐planar imaging
Authors: Bestmann Sven , Baudewig Jürgen , Frahm Jens 
Published: February 2003

AbstractPurposeTo minimize artifacts in echo‐planar imaging (EPI) of human brain function introduced by simultaneous transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).Materials and MethodsDistortions due to TMS pulses (0.25 msec, 2.0 T) were studied at 2.0 T before and during EPI.ResultsBest results were obtained if both the EPI section orientation and the frequency‐encoding gradient were parallel to the plane of the TMS coil. Under these conditions, a TMS pulse caused image distortions when preceding the EPI sequence by less than 100 msec. Recordings with a magnetic field gradient pick‐up coil revealed transient magnetic fields after TMS, which are generated by eddy currents in the TMS coil. TMS during image acquisition completely spoiled all transverse magnetizations and induced disturbances ranging from image corruption to mild image blurring, depending on the affected low and high spatial frequencies. Simultaneous TMS and radio‐frequency (RF) excitation gave rise to T1‐dependent signal changes that lasted for several seconds and yielded pronounced false‐positive activations during functional brain mapping.ConclusionTo ensure reliable and robust combinations, TMS should be applied at least 100 msec before EPI while completely avoiding any pulses during imaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;17:309–316. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Managers' upward influence tactic strategies: the role of manager personality and supervisor leadership style
Authors: Cable Daniel M. , Judge Timothy A. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractWhy do managers employ certain tactics when they try to influence others? This study proposes and tests theoretical linkages between the five‐factor model of personality and managers' upward influence tactic strategies. Longitudinal data from 189 managers at 140 different organizations confirmed that managers scoring high on extraversion were more likely to use inspirational appeal and ingratiation; those scoring high on openness were less likely to use coalitions; those scoring high on emotional stability were more likely to use rational persuasion and less likely to use inspirational appeal; those scoring high on agreeableness were less likely to use legitimization or pressure; and those scoring high on conscientiousness were more likely to use rational appeal. Results also confirmed that managers' upward influence tactic strategies depended on the leadership style of their target (their supervisor). Managers were more likely to use consultation and inspirational appeal tactics when their supervisor was a transformational leader, but were more likely to use exchange, coalition, legitimization, and pressure tactics when their supervisor displayed a laissez‐faire leadership style. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does one good turn deserve another? coworker influences on employee citizenship
Authors: Bommer William H. , Miles Edward W. , Grover Steven L. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractSocial information processing and social learning theories were utilized to hypothesize that an employee's organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is influenced by the collective OCB in one's workgroup. An aggregate measure of OCB was constructed based upon Podsakoff, MacKenzie, and Fetter's (1993) measures of Organ's (1988) typology of OCB, and the study was replicated using both supervisor and employee‐provided ratings of OCB. The sample for this study included 566 employees (488 for the supervisor‐rated analysis) from 56 workgroups in a manufacturing organization. The mean level of OCB for other members of one's workgroup explained significant variance in individual levels of OCB. We also found that this effect is moderated by the consistency of the display of the OCB within the workgroup. The consistency of OCB across coworkers was associated with more OCB by individuals and this effect was replicated across both supervisor and employee ratings. Explanations and uses for our findings are discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Straining towards trust: some constraints essay on studying trust in organizations
Authors: Fichman Mark 
Published: February 2003

AbstractTrust is of great interest in organizational research and the social sciences. It is argued here that any theory of trust ought to treat a set of observed empirical regularities as constraints. A constraint on a theory is either an assumption made in constructing the theory (e.g., we assume people have a tendency to be fair in their dealings with others) or an explanandum (e.g., we must explain the tendency people have to be fair in their dealings with others) for which the theory must account. These constraints are best thought of in an evolutionary framework, with intellectual links to game theory, evolutionary biology and evolutionary psychology. In particular, (1) people are disposed towards fairness and reciprocity, they have (2) cognitive modules and (3) emotional dispositions which safeguard them against cheating and trust violation. Given these three constraints, any theory should consider the (4) evidence for cultural constraints on trust, trusting behavior and decisions. These constraints together point us towards an integrated ecology of trust where culture, individual dispositions and cognition jointly influence observed trusting behavior. Some work, particularly Gintis et al. (2002) on altruism, strong reciprocity and cooperation, suggests such an approach to studying trust. The purpose of this essay is to identify this work, organize it, and argue for its bearing on the study of trust and organizations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.