bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity and population structure of wheat landraces in Southern Winter Wheat Region of China
Authors: Liu Ying , Fu Bisheng , Zhang Qiapfeng , Cai Jin , Guo Wei , Zhai Wenling , Wu Jizhong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Wheat landraces are considered a valuable source of genetic diversity that can be used in breeding programs. It is useful to evaluate the genetic diversity in breeding studies such as marker-assisted selection (MAS), genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and genomic selection. In addition, constructing a core germplasm set that represents the genetic diversity of the entire variety set is of great significance for the efficient conservation and utilization of wheat landrace germplasms.
Results
To understand the genetic diversity in wheat landrace, 2,023 accessions in the Jiangsu Provincial Crop Germplasm Resource Bank were used to explore the molecular diversity and population structure using the Illumina 15K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. These accessions were divided into 5 subpopulations based on population structure, principal coordinate and kinship analysis. A significant variation was found within and among the subpopulations based on the molecular variance analysis (AMOVA). Subpopulation 3 showed the more genetic variability based on the different allelic patterns (Na, Ne and I). The M strategy as implemented in MStratv 4.1 software was used to construct the representative core collection. A core collection with a total of 311 accessions (15.37%) was selected from the entire landrace germplasm based on genotype and 12 different phenotypic traits. Compared to the initial landrace collections, core collection displayed higher gene diversity (0.31) and polymorphism information content (PIC) (0.25), and represented almost all phenotypic variation.
Conclusions
A core collection comprising 311 accessions containing 100% of the genetic variation in the initial population was developed. This collection provides a germplasm base for effective management, conservation, and utilization of the variation in the original set.
OH-Functionalized N-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots as an Efficient Metal-Free Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in PEMFCs
Authors: Thiruppathiraja Thangaraj , Lakshmipathi Senthilkumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Utilizing the density functional theory (DFT) method, we investigated the catalytic activity of N-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) with nitrogen (N) atoms strategically doped at various active sites on the surface. We focused on exploring their efficiency in the 2e− and 4e− reduction pathways for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). By introducing N-doping at the central benzene ring of carbon-based materials, we observed the formation of localized π-orbitals, significantly enhancing their electrocatalytic activity. In comparison to other reported catalysts, our N-doped GQDs metal-free electrocatalyst displayed remarkable adsorption capability. Furthermore, we introduced the hydroxyl group (OH) into the functionalized N-doped GQDs, which further improved electrocatalytic performance. This enhancement was attributed to the decreased HOMO-LUMO energy gap and increased chemical reactivity. The calculated free energy (ΔG) values for each elementary reaction step in the 4e− reduction pathway were highly favorable and indicated the feasibility of the process. Our findings indicate that N-doped GQDs exhibit exceptional activity for the ORR, positioning them as promising carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts. Consequently, they hold significant potential as an alternative to noble metal-based catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and metal-air batteries.
Method Development for Simultaneous Estimation of Acetaminophen and Its Related Impurities by Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry
Authors: BAKYALAKSHMI M , PD GOKULAN , K.L SENTHIL KUMAR , S KARTHIKEYAN 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Development and Analysis of drugs involve the most stimulating work in the medicinal field in that way, in that way, there emergence of new drug in day to day. Acetaminophen is a common Over the counter drug used by worldwide as the use of this drug increased globally requirement for detecting its impurities is mandatory and its determination of related substance were evaluated by using Liquid Chromatography Mass spectrometry, this method has emerged as a capable and multipurpose tool for analysing various types of drug product and its impurities. It has the capability of detecting small molecule to high molecule with high sensitivity. The optimized method was developed for estimation of related substance of acetaminophen using a gradient program mobile phase of formic acid and acetonitrile with 0.6 ml/min flow at 210 and 254 nm wavelength with optimized mass condition. In this paper, briefly discussed about method development for determination of related substance of acetaminophen along with its active pharmaceutical ingredient in a finished marketed product.
Impact of Tree Growth Form on Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Particulate Matter with Various Particle Sizes in Urban Street Canyons
Authors: Wang Xiaoshuang , Xiang Yang , Peng Chucai , Teng Mingjun , Ma Bojun , Zhou Zhixiang , Peng Changhui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Context. Trees reduce street-level particulate matter (PM) pollution in metropolitan areas, thereby enhancing air quality and promoting healthier, more sustainable cities. However, the optimal tree growth type for maximizing the retention of various sizes of PM remains uncertain.
Objectives. We aimed to investigate the PM retention abilities of evergreen and deciduous broadleaf street trees. We compared the PM concentration in different seasons and examined the role of leaf phenology in the dispersion of pollutants of different sizes.
Methods. We collected data on 6 sizes of PM from 72 sites among 6 streets in Wuhan, China, in summer and winter of 2017-2018. Each street was lined with a single species of either evergreen or deciduous broadleaf trees.
Results. We found that concentrations of PM of all sizes were higher in deciduous-lined streets than in evergreen-lined streets, during both summer and winter. for example, 27.2% higher PM2.5 in summer, and 5.5% higher PM10 in winter. However, during summer, evergreen-lined streets had mainly small-sized particles (PM1, PM2.5), which have the potential to infiltrate the human respiratory system, pose greater health risks, while deciduous-lined streets had mainly larger particles (PM4, PM7, PM10, and total suspended particulate [TSP]). During winter, larger particles were dominant, regardless of the tree growth form. Additionally, the disparities in PM concentrations between evergreen- and deciduous-lined streets diminished during winter.
Conclusions. We recommend prioritizing evergreen broadleaf trees as the primary street trees while interspersing deciduous broadleaf trees at appropriate intervals. This approach will ensure that urban greenery provides maximum ecological benefits while reducing the PM concentration. The results of this study provide a valuable reference for selecting trees for the targeted reduction of specific-sized PM to support human health through choice of plant growth form.
The First Ensemble of Kilometre-Scale Simulations of a Hydrological Year over the Third Pole
Authors: Collier Emily , Ban Nikolina , Richter Niklas , Ahrens Bodo , Chen Deliang , Chen Xingchao , Lai Hui-Wen , Leung Ruby , Li Lu , Ou Tinghai , Pothapakula Praveen Kumar , Potter Emily , Prein Andreas F. , Sakaguchi Koichi , Schroeder Marie , Singh Prashant , Sobolowski Stefan , Sugimoto Shiori , Tang Jianping , Yu Hongyong , Ziska Catharina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
An accurate understanding of the current and future water cycle over the Third Pole is of great societal importance, given the role this region plays as a water tower for densely populated areas downstream. An emerging and promising approach for skillful climate assessments over regions of complex terrain is kilometer-scale climate modeling. As a foundational step towards such simulations over the Third Pole, we present a multi-model and multi-physics ensemble of kilometer-scale regional simulations for the hydrological year of October 2019 to September 2020. The ensemble consists of 13 simulations performed by an international consortium of 10 research groups, configured with a horizontal grid spacing ranging from 2.2 to 4 km covering all of the Third Pole region. These simulations are driven by ERA5 reanalysis and are part of a Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling EXperiment Flagship Pilot Study on Convection-Permitting Third Pole. The simulations are compared against available gridded and in-situ observations and remote-sensing data, to assess the performance and spread of the model ensemble compared to the driving reanalysis during the cold and warm seasons. A key challenge in assessing the performance of the ensemble is the large difference amongst the gridded precipitation datasets used as a reference over this region. However, consistent with results from other mountainous regions, we show the ensemble improves on many warm-season precipitation metrics compared with ERA5, including most wet-day and hour statistics, and also adds value in the representation of wet spells in both seasons. As such, the CPTP ensemble will provide an invaluable resource for future improvements in the process understanding of the hydroclimate of this remote but important region.
Identifying central symptoms and central symptom clusters in acute myeloid leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy: A network analysis
Authors: Guo Xiu-fang , Meng Li-min , He Cong-cong , Qiu Yuan , Wang Fei-fei , Yuan Qiu-yu , Liu T. , Lin Dong-mei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia who are receiving chemotherapy experience multiple concurrent symptoms (i.e., symptom clusters) that interfere with activities of daily living. However, few studies have focused on revealing the relationship between these symptoms and symptom clusters. We used network analysis to identify central symptoms and central symptom clusters and analyze the relationships between them in acute myeloid leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy.
Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 575 acute myeloid leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy. The Chinese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale was used to assess the symptoms via convenience sampling. Exploratory factor analysis was used for symptom cluster identification. Network analysis was used to construct the symptom network and centrality indices.
Results. The most common symptom was lack of energy. The most severe and distressing symptom was worrying. Three symptom clusters were identified: neuropathy, nutritional, and psychological. In the network, the central symptom was feeling sad (rs=1.233), and the neuropathy symptom cluster was the most central symptom cluster in adult acute leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy (rs=0.903).
Conclusions. Our study demonstrated the importance of assessing centrality indices and network density as essential components of acute leukemia. Future studies should focus on constructing dynamic symptom and symptom cluster networks, analyzing centrality indices using longitudinal data to explore causality among symptoms and symptom clusters for targeting central symptoms, and developing interventions for managing central symptom clusters.
Long-term remission by mycophenolate mofetil after single-dose rituximab in children with refractory frequently relapsing/steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Nada Taishi , Kamei Koichi , Nishi Kentaro , Uchimura Toru , Sato Mai , Inaba Aya , Ogura Masao , Hamada Riku , Hataya Hiroshi , Ito Shuichi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Immunosuppressive agents administered after rituximab as maintenance therapy are effective for sustaining remission in children with refractory frequently relapsing/steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (FR/SDNS). We evaluated the long-term outcome and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) after rituximab.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study on patients with childhood-onset refractory FR/SDNS who received MMF after a single dose of rituximab and were followed up ≥ 2 years at three tertiary pediatric nephrology centers. Relapses, additional treatment, risk factors for relapse, and adverse events were analysed.
Results
A total of 106 patients were enrolled, and 47 (44%) patients had no relapse under MMF with a median relapse-free period of 3.2 years and interquartile range of 2.7–3.8 years. The 50% relapse-free survival was 3.2 years during MMF administration as shown by the Kaplan–Meier method. Sixty-one (58%) patients required additional doses of rituximab during a median follow-up of 7.2 years. The mean annual number of relapses before the first rituximab treatment versus 1 year after rituximab was 3.7 (SD 1.3) versus 0.4 (SD 0.8) times. Sixty-six of 74 (89%) patients using a calcineurin inhibitor immediately before rituximab discontinued its use within 1 year. A dosage of MMF < 1000 mg/m2 was an independent significant risk factor for the first relapse under MMF after rituximab (p = 0.03). No fatal adverse events were observed.
Conclusions
MMF after a single dose of rituximab is safe and effective in achieving a long relapse-free period and discontinuing a calcineurin inhibitor in patients with refractory FR/SDNS.
The Study of The Safety And Efficacy of Knot-free Barbed Sutures for Wound Healing in Obese Patients Undergoing Posterior Cervical Surgery
Authors: Qi Wei , Lei Wei , Zhang Yang , Ma Tiancheng , Ji Yufei , Zhang Dawei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
This retrospective, single-center clinical study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of barbed sutures for incision closure in posterior cervical surgery among obese patients, providing evidence for their potential broader application in this surgical context.
Methods
A total of 92 obese patients (Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 28kg/m2) who required posterior cervical decompression, fusion, and internal fixation surgery between January 2021 and December 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of the PLA Air Force Military Medical University were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to admission time: a control group (n = 53, admitted in 2021) where common Mersilk sutures were used and a test group (n = 39, admitted in 2022) where knot-free barbed sutures were used for suturing the deep fascia layer, superficial fascia layer, and skin. Various factors were compared between the groups at 3 months after surgery, including JOA, NDI, and VAS scores, incision length, subcutaneous fat thickness, incision suture time and speed, incision healing rate, and complication incidence, including specific comparisons of incision infection and dehiscence rates with cerebrospinal fluid leakage.
Results
The data showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of incision length, subcutaneous fat thickness, as well as NDI, and VAS scores at 3 months after surgery (p > 0.05). However, the test group had significantly shorter incision suture time (p < 0.01), faster suture speed (p < 0.01), and higher incision healing rate (p < 0.05) as compared to the control group. Furthermore, this group also demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of complications, including lower incision dehiscence rate when cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, there was no statistical difference in incision infection rate between both groups when cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Compared with the conventional silk suture, the utilization of the knot-free barbed suture in posterior cervical incisions among obese patients is efficacious and of high significance, as it promotes optimal incision healing and minimizes the likelihood of postoperative complications.
Fatty Acids Production under Stress Condition by Halotolerant Bacillus: Extraction and Application
Authors: Hassanabadi Zahra Fathi , Etemadzadeh Shekoofeh Sadat , Tabaii Maryam Jalili , Emtiazi Giti 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Microbial lipids or single cell oils are produced by some microorganisms such as microalgae, Bacillus bacteria, fungi and yeasts. These compounds can be straight or branched, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated and in addition to essential unsaturated fatty acids that are used in the pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, and food industries, other fatty acids such as biodiesel and their derivatives also have different applications. In this experiment, fatty acids production was studied by Bacillus halotolerant in different media and the type of them were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis. Different kinds of fatty acids with different applications were detected like omega-3 (α-Linolenic acid and Eicosapentaenoic acid), omega-6 (γ-Linolenic acid and Linoleic acid), myristoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, cis-hexadecenoic, cis-octadecenoic acid, and so on. The effect of metals and nanoparticles for promotion of fatty acid were also investigated in this work. the data showed that the maximum variety of fatty acids and production were related to lead-containing medium.
A Deep Learning Prototype Tested Against 2 ND Order Statistical Central Composite Design (CCD) Models
Authors: Bagchi Tapan P , Mohanty R P , Femi Julius Godslove 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This empirical study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of deep learning (DL), a burgeoning aspect of machine learning and artificial intelligence, in exploring input-response dependencies from observed data, especially when complex nonlinearities are present. DL has the potential to be at least as effective as, if not better than, traditional statistical techniques such as response surface methodology (RSM). To test this hypothesis, we developed DL models using Tensorflow and compared their predictions against those of well-established statistical models. Our DL models were hyperparameter tuned using grid search. We found that, for identical input data, DL's predictions closely matched the results of published central composite designs, and often resulted in smaller root mean square errors, indicating greater predictability, particularly in cases where higher order nonlinearities might be present but missed. Therefore, it is recommended that engineers and R&D scientists incorporate DL in their study of complex processes, along with classical statistical methods, if they have appropriately collected input data. Overall, this study provides evidence that DL can be a valuable tool for exploring complex relationships in data.
Self-regulated Learning and Perfectionism as Predictors of Listening Anxiety in the Context of Foreign Language Learning: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Movafaghardestani Elham , Barjesteh Hamed , Dehqan Mahmood 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study was an endeavor to discover the roles of self-regulated learning (SRL), and perfectionism in predicting foreign language learners’ listening anxiety. In so doing, 350 EFL learners were selected by cluster random sampling to complete the three reliable and valid questionnaires of the study. (i.e., SRL, perfectionism, & listening anxiety). To analyze the SEM model and answer the questions, after data collection, a SEM approach was utilized. Based on the findings, a significant linear relationship was found among variables and their components. The results also indicated that although SRL and perfectionism had a significant effect on listening anxiety, perfectionism was a stronger predictor of listening anxiety. In terms of predictive power, SRL was in the next rank. To put it more clearly, students with higher levels of perfectionism experienced higher listening anxiety. Furthermore, those students with higher levels of self-regulation experienced lower levels of listening anxiety, and those with low levels of self-regulation experienced higher levels of listening anxiety. The findings of this study may be beneficial for materials developers and EFL teachers. They should pay more attention to the affective and cognitive variables of English learners because they are known to be important factors in influencing listening anxiety.
Modelling of melting and resolidification of thin metal film subjected to ultrafast laser pulse using the two-temperature model
Authors: Dziatkiewicz Jolanta , Majchrzak Ewa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The heating of thin metal film subjected to the ultrafast laser pulse is analyzed. The thermal processes occurring in the domain considered are described using the hyperbolic two-temperature model supplemented by the procedure of melting and resolidification modelling. The problem is solved by means of the implicit scheme of the finite difference method. The examples of computations for different laser intensities and characteristic times of laser pulse are presented.
Safe path prioritization for multi-unit visiting missions performed by UAVs
Authors: Borges Nícolas Pereira , Ghedini Cinara Guellner , Ribeiro Carlos Henrique Costa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) present a promising avenue for humanitarian missions, particularly in addressing urgent global public health concerns. Their versatility allows for the efficient transportation of lightweight payloads, including vital medical tests, blood products, vaccines, and medications , to remote, inaccessible, or perilous regions. In a military context, UAVs serve various critical functions such as surveillance, reconnaissance and logisti-cal support. The focus of this work is on Combat Service Support (CSS), a type of logistical support mission where UAVs provide supplies to ground forces personnel (GFs) engaged in combat or reconnaissance missions under threat. One challenge in CSS missions is the need for dynamic route planning, as threats can be discovered during the mission. Considering this, we propose a model named Safe Path Prioritization, which adopts as premise that the best way to avoid threat action is to prioritize regions where other UAVs have already flown and did not detect the presence of enemies. In addition, closer ground forces should have visitation priority, as the longer a UAV flies, the greater its chance of being neutralized. The proposed model is combined with a communication approach between UAVs and Ground Control Station (GCS) to increase the stealthiness of UAVs. We validated our proposal in diverse scenarios with different combinations of ground forces, number of UAVs and threat hostility level.Overall, the results show that the combination of safe path prioritization with a traditional minimum path approach can bring benefits regarding both the number of GFs visited and the number of UAVs kept unharmed in CSS scenarios.