bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary extracellular vesicles isolation methods impact the robustness of downstream biomarkers detection
Authors: Boulestreau Jérémy , Molina Laurence , Ouedraogo Alimata , Laramy Louën , Grich Ines , Van Thi Nhu Ngoc , Molina Franck , Kahli Malik 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs), crucial mediators in cell-to-cell communication, are implicated in both homeostatic and pathological processes. Their detectability in easily accessible peripheral fluids like saliva positions them as promising candidates for non-invasive biomarker discovery. However, the lack of standardized methods for salivary EVs isolation greatly limits our ability to study them. Therefore, we rigourously compared salivary EVs isolated using two scalable techniques—co-precipitation and immuno-affinity—against the long-established but labor-intensive ultracentrifugation method. Employing Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, Western blots (WB), and proteomics, we identified significant method-dependent variances in the size, concentration, and protein content of EVs. Importantly, our study uniquely demonstrates the ability of EV isolation to detect specific biomarkers that remain undetected in whole saliva by WB. RT-qPCR analysis targeting six miRNAs confirmed a consistent enrichment of these miRNAs in EV-derived cargo across all three isolation methods. We also found that pre-filtering saliva samples with 0.22 or 0.45 µm pores adversely affects subsequent analyses. Our findings highlight the untapped potential of salivary EVs in diagnostics and advocate for the co-precipitation method as an efficient, cost-effective, and clinically relevant approach for small-volume saliva samples. This work not only sheds light on a neglected source of EVs but also paves the way for their application in routine clinical diagnostics.
Sensory Input, Sex, and Function Shape Hypothalamic Cell Type Development
Authors: Kaplan Harris S. , Logeman Brandon L. , Zhang Kai , Santiago Celine , Sohail Noor , Naumenko Serhiy , Ho Sui Shannan J. , Ginty David D. , Ren Bing , Dulac Catherine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMammalian behavior and physiology undergo dramatic changes in early life. Young animals rely on conspecifics to meet their homeostatic needs, until weaning and puberty initiate nutritional independence and sex-specific social interactions, respectively. How neuronal populations regulating homeostatic functions and social behaviors develop and mature during these transitions remains unclear. We used paired transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility profiling to examine the developmental trajectories of neuronal populations in the hypothalamic preoptic region, where cell types with key roles in physiological and behavioral control have been identified1–6. These data reveal a remarkable diversity of developmental trajectories shaped by the sex of the animal, and the location and behavioral or physiological function of the corresponding cell types. We identify key stages of preoptic development, including the perinatal emergence of sex differences, postnatal maturation and subsequent refinement of signaling networks, and nonlinear transcriptional changes accelerating at the time of weaning and puberty. We assessed preoptic development in various sensory mutants and find a major role for vomeronasal sensing in the timing of preoptic cell type maturation. These results provide novel insights into the development of neurons controlling homeostatic functions and social behaviors and lay ground for examining the dynamics of these functions in early life.
Taste cells expressingIonotropic Receptor 94ereciprocally impact feeding and egg laying inDrosophila
Authors: Guillemin Jacqueline , Li Viktoriya , Davis Grace , Audette Kayla , Li Jinfang , Jelen Meghan , McDowell Sasha A.T. , Slamani Samy , Kelliher Liam , Gordon Michael D. , Stanley Molly 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTChemosensory cells across the body ofDrosophila melanogasterevaluate the environment and play a crucial role in neural circuits that prioritize feeding, mating, or egg laying. Previous mapping of gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) on the fly labellum identified a set of neurons in L-type sensilla defined by expression ofIonotropic Receptor 94e(IR94e), but the impact of IR94e GRNs on behavior remained unclear. To understand their behavioral output, we used optogenetics and chemogenetics to activate IR94e neurons and found that they drive mild suppression of feeding but enhanced egg laying.In vivocalcium imaging revealed that IR94e GRNs respond strongly to certain amino acids, including glutamate. Furthermore, we found that IR94e is necessary and sufficient for the detection of amino acid ligands, and co-receptors IR25a and IR76b are also required for IR94e GRN activation. Finally,IR94emutants show behavioral changes to solutions containing amino acids, including increased consumption and decreased egg laying. Overall, our results suggest that IR94e GRNs on the fly labellum discourage feeding and encourage egg laying as part of an important behavioral switch in response to certain chemical cues.
Relaxed purifying selection is associated with an accumulation of transposable elements in flies
Authors: Mérel Vincent , Tricou Théo , Burlet Nelly , Haudry Annabelle 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTAlthough the mechanisms driving the evolution of genome size are not yet fully understood, one potentially important factor is the dynamics of the accumulation of mobile selfish genetic elements called transposable elements (TEs). Since most of these sequences are neutral or slightly deleterious, a negative correlation between genome size and selection efficacy is expected. However, previous studies based on empirical data from closely related species with contrasting life history traits (thought to result in contrasting levels of selection efficacy) have yielded inconsistent results, leaving this issue controversial. In this study, we perform the first large-scale analysis of the effect of drift on genome size evolution, without any prior assumption about the amount of drift in each sampled species. We reconstructed a phylogeny based on whole-genome data (2,242 genes) for 77 Drosophilid species to examine correlations between genome size, TE content, and measures of selection efficacy (especially usingdN/dSratios of non-synonymous to synonymous divergence). We highlight a strong phylogenetic inertia in genome size and confirm that TEs are the major components of genome size. Using an integrative approach that controls for shared history, we find that genome-widedN/dSare strongly positively correlated with genome size and TE content, particularly in GC-poor genes. This study highlights the critical importance of controlling for heterogeneity in base composition when testing the controversial correlation between evolutionary rates and genome size. Furthermore, our review of previous studies reveals that the absence of evidence for TE accumulation in association with increased genetic drift may be attributed to a secondary effect of changes in life history traits on TE dynamics. In conclusion, this work provides evidence for TE proliferation in fly genomes when purifying selection is reduced and genetic drift increases, shedding new light on the role of transposable elements and genetic drift in the evolution of genome architecture.
Single-cell RNA sequencing of iPSC-derived brain organoids revealsTreponema palliduminfection inhibiting neurodevelopment
Authors: Xu Qiu-Yan , Wang Yong-Jing , He Yun , Zheng Xin-Qi , Tong Man-Li , Lin Yu , Yang Tian-Ci 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCongenital syphilis is a vertically transmitted bacterial infection caused byTreponema pallidum, often causing multidomain neurodevelopmental disabilities. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease. Brain organoids platform derived from the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) is exposed toT. palliduminfection for modelling congenital neurodevelopmental impairment. Single-cell RNA sequencing is used for identifying the subpopulations of differentially expressed genes and cellular heterogeneity and reconstructing differentiation trajectories followingT. palliduminfection. The results reveal thatT. palliduminfection influences the formation of neural rosette structures, reduces the cell number of the neural progenitor cell subcluster 1B (subNPC1B) and hindbrain neurons, and affects the neurodevelopment of the brain organoid. Moreover, it is speculated thatT. palliduminhibits the hindbrain neuron cell number through the suppression of subNPC1B subgroup in the organoids and inhibits transcription factor 3 activity in the subNPC1B-hindbrain neuronal axis. This is the first report on the inhibited effects ofT. pallidumon the neurodevelopment of the iPSC-derived brain organoid model.T. pallidumcould inhibit the differentiation of subNPC1B in brain organoids, thereby reducing the differentiation from subNPC1B to hindbrain neurons, and ultimately affecting the development and maturation of hindbrain neurons.
Edge magnetoplasmon dispersion and time-resolved plasmon transport in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator
Authors: Martinez Luis A. , Qiu Gang , Deng Peng , Zhang Peng , Ray Keith G. , Tai Lixuan , Wei Ming-Tso , He Haoran , Wang Kang L. , DuBois Jonathan L. , Qu Dong-Xia 
Published: January 2024

A quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulator breaks reciprocity by combining magnetic polarization and spin-orbit coupling to generate a unidirectional transmission of signals in the absence of an external magnetic field. Such behavior makes QAH materials a good platform for the innovation of circulator technologies. However, it remains elusive as to how the wavelength of the chiral edge plasmon relates to its frequency and how the plasmon wave packet is excited in the time domain in a QAH insulator. Here, we investigate the edge magnetoplasmon (EMP) resonances in Cr-(Bi,Sb)2Te3 by frequency and time domain measurements. From disk shaped samples with various dimensions, we obtain the dispersion relation of EMPs and extract the drift velocity of the chiral edge state. From the time-resolved transport measurements, we identify the velocity of the plasmon wave packet and observe a transition from the edge to bulk transport at an elevated temperature. We show that the frequency and time domain measurements are well modeled by loss from the microwave induced dissipative channels in the bulk area. Our results demonstrate that the EMP decay rate can be significantly reduced by applying a low microwave power and fabricating devices of larger diameter ≥100µm. In a R=125µm sample, a nonreciprocity of 20 dB has been realized at 1.3 GHz, shining light on using QAH insulators to develop on-chip nonreciprocal devices.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Cyclic superconducting refrigerators using guided fluxon propagation
Authors: Karmakar Tathagata , Jussiau Étienne , Manikandan Sreenath K. , Jordan Andrew N. 
Published: January 2024

We propose cyclic refrigeration in solid state, employing a gas of magnetic field vortices in a type-II superconductor—also known as fluxons—as the cooling agent. Refrigeration cycles are realized by envisioning a racetrack geometry consisting of both adiabatic and isothermal arms, etched into a type-II superconductor. The guided propagation of fluxons in the racetrack is achieved by applying an external electrical current, in a Corbino geometry, through the sample. A gradient of magnetic field is set across the racetrack allowing one to adiabatically cool down and heat up the fluxons, which subsequently exchange heat with the cold and hot reservoirs, respectively. We characterize the steady state of refrigeration cycles thermodynamically for both s-wave and d-wave pairing symmetries, and present their figures of merit such as the cooling power delivered, and the coefficient of performance. Our cooling principle can offer significant cooling for on-chip microrefrigeration purposes, by locally cooling below the base temperatures achievable in a conventional dilution refrigerator. We estimate nW/mm2 of cooling power per unit area assuming a tunnel coupling with ∼MΩµm2 specific resistance. Integrating the fluxon fridge to quantum circuits can enhance their coherence time by locally suppressing thermal fluctuations, and improve the efficiency of single photon detectors and charge sensors.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Quantifying Electrochemical Degradation in Single-Crystalline
LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2
–Graphite Pouch Cells through
Operando
X-Ray and Postmortem Investigations
Authors: Menon Ashok S. , Shah Nickil , Gott James A. , Fiamegkou Eleni , Ogley Matthew J. W. , Páez Fajardo Galo J. , Vaenas Naoum , Ellis Ieuan , Ravichandran N. , Cloetens P. , Karpov D. , Warnett J.M. , Malliband Paul , Walker David , West Geoff , Loveridge Melanie , Piper Louis F.J. 
Published: January 2024

Layered nickel-rich lithium transition-metal oxides (LiNixMnyCo1−x−yO2; where  ≥ 0.8), with single-crystalline morphology, are promising future high-energy-density Li-ion battery cathodes due to their ability to mitigate particle-cracking-induced degradation. This is due to the absence of grain boundaries in these materials, which prevents the build-up of bulk crystallographic strain during electrochemical cycling. Compared to their polycrystalline counterparts, there is a need to study single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes using x-ray methods in uncompromised machine-manufactured industrylike full cells to understand their bulk degradation mechanisms as a function of different electrochemical cycling protocols. This can help us identify factors to improve their long-term performance. Here, through in-house x-ray studies of pilot-line-built LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2–graphite A7 pouch cells, it is shown that their electrochemical-capacity fade under harsh conditions (2.5–4.4 V and 40 °C for 100 cycles at a C/3 rate) primarily stems from the high-voltage reconstruction of the cathode surface from a layered to a cubic (rock-salt) phase that impedes the Li+ kinetics and increases cell impedance. Postmortem electron and x-ray microscopy show that these cathodes can withstand severe anisotropic structural changes and show no cracking when cycled under such conditions. Comparing these results to those from commercial Li-ion cells with surface-modified single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes, it is identified that cathode surface passivation can mitigate this type of degradation and prolong cycle life. In addition to furthering our understanding of degradation in single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes, this work also accentuates the need for practically relevant and reproducible fundamental investigations of Li-ion cells and presents a methodology for achieving this.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Research advances on superhydrophobic coating for metal surfaces via one-step electrodeposition
Authors: Chen Dexin , He Hongyuan , Kang Zhixin , Li Wei 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to review the current one-step electrodeposition of superhydrophobic coatings on metal surfaces.

Design/methodology/approach
One-step electrodeposition is a versatile and simple technology to prepare superhydrophobic coatings on metal surfaces.

Findings
Preparing superhydrophobic coatings by one-step electrodeposition is an efficient method to protect metal surfaces.

Originality/value
Even though there are several technologies, one-step electrodeposition still plays a significant role in producing superhydrophobic coatings.
Hovering performance analysis of helicopter rotor blades using supercritical airfoil
Authors: Hasan Inamul , R. Mukesh , P. Radha Krishnan , R. Srinath , P. Boomadevi 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to find the characteristics of supercritical airfoil in helicopter rotor blades for hovering phase using numerical analysis and the validation using experimental results.

Design/methodology/approach
Using numerical analysis in the forward phase of the helicopter, supercritical airfoil is compared with the conventional airfoil for the aerodynamic performance. The multiple reference frame method is used to produce the results for rotational analysis. A grid independence test was carried out, and validation was obtained using benchmark values from NASA data.

Findings
From the analysis results, a supercritical airfoil in hovering flight analysis proved that the NASA SC rotor produces 25% at 5°, 26% at 12° and 32% better thrust at 8° of collective pitch than the HH02 rotor. Helicopter performance parameters are also calculated based on momentum theory. Theoretical calculations prove that the NASA SC rotor is better than the HH02 rotor. The results of helicopter performance prove that the NASA SC rotor provides better aerodynamic efficiency than the HH02 rotor.

Originality/value
The novelty of the paper is it proved the aerodynamic performance of supercritical airfoil is performing better than the HH02 airfoil. The results are validated with the experimental values and theoretical calculations from the momentum theory.
Older the better: senior tourists’ curiosity towards the home-sharing platform
Authors: Tiamiyu Tosin 
Published: January 2024

PurposeSenior tourist is a salient segment of the tourism sector. This segment reflects a robust ageing population with discretionary income and an appetite for tourism activities. However, to date, there has been a paucity of empirical insight on how the combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations may influence senior tourists’ connectedness and booking intentions towards home-sharing accommodation. Thus, this study aims to investigate how senior tourists’ curiosity and social interaction may influence their connectedness towards Airbnb and subsequently booking intention.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual model was developed and tested using partial least squares structural equation modelling to analyse data collected from a sample of 195 senior tourists in Malaysia.FindingsThe results showed that intrinsic (curiosity) and extrinsic (social interaction) motivations positively influence senior tourists’ connectedness towards platform accommodation, which in turn positively affects the outcome variable. Furthermore, this study found that a sense of connectedness is crucial in linking motivators and booking intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThis research was carried out in Malaysia; therefore, cross-national studies are encouraged to establish whether the findings described in this study can be extrapolated to other cultures/countries.Practical implicationsFrom a practitioner’s perspective, this study reinforces the need to address and understand senior tourists’ curiosity and how it may invoke their connectedness and behavioural actions towards the Airbnb platform. More importantly, this study gives home-sharing practitioners practical leverage on how combined intrinsic and extrinsic motivations may deduce senior tourists’ booking intentions.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature on senior tourism and the home-sharing sector by demonstrating the role of curiosity and social interaction in shaping senior tourists’ connectedness towards Airbnb and behavioural intentions.
An exploratory study of barriers to sustainable development: evidence from the New Zealand flexible packaging industry
Authors: Farrukh Amna , Sajjad Aymen 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Manufacturing companies continue to encounter a diverse set of obstacles while embracing sustainable development goals. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to explore critical sustainable development-related barriers to flexible packaging manufacturing companies in the New Zealand context.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on a qualitative multiple case studies approach, the authors collected data from the New Zealand flexible packaging industry. Semistructured interviews were conducted with the senior corporate managers in two large flexible packaging companies. Following the thematic analysis approach, the authors analyzed the information collected from the participants and synthesized our findings under the key dimensions of internal and external barriers to sustainable development.

Findings
The findings revealed that internal barriers to sustainable flexible packaging are linked to economic, operational and technical issues. Conversely, external barriers include global crises and disruption, customer behavior and preferences and institutional and infrastructural-related aspects. Based on the analysis of empirical findings, the authors further identified the underlying reasons for sustainable flexible packaging barriers and recommended guidelines that could assist corporate managers and policymakers in addressing obstacles inhibiting the flexible packaging industry from adopting sustainable business practices.

Originality/value
The authors argue that this study is one of the early studies to consider inhibiting factors to incorporate sustainable development into the New Zealand flexible packaging industry context. Building on a range of theoretical perspectives, the authors extend the current body of knowledge seeking to advance the sustainable development agenda in the New Zealand flexible packaging industry and offer recommended pathways fostering sustainable development in a distinctive manufacturing context.
Perception and awareness of the bioeconomy: an empirical study of chosen European academia
Authors: Pink Małgorzata , Kiełbasa Barbara , Tamáš Vojtěch , Pereira Fernanda Maria Dos Santos Maria , Santamarta Juan C. , Cruz Pérez Noelia , Rodríguez-Alcántara Joselin S. , Luty Lidia 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to diagnose the perception, knowledge, awareness and position of the bioeconomy in university education and research.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on a questionnaire survey conducted at universities in Poland, the Czech Republic, Spain and Portugal (n = 464). The questionnaire consisted of open-ended, dichotomous and Likert-type questions. Variable frequency distribution methods and the non-parametric chi-square test were used to test the independence of the characteristics. The Cramer’s V contingency coefficient was used to determine the degree of dependence between the variables.

Findings
The researched academic community is dominated by a traditional approach to the bioeconomy, which relates to agriculture and ecological aspects. Respondents believe in the positive environmental impacts of the bioeconomy, while less often being aware of its importance from a socio-economic perspective. Insufficient teaching and research in the field of the bioeconomy can be widely observed. The presumed link between the existence of a bioeconomy strategy at national level and awareness of the bioeconomy was not confirmed.

Research limitations/implications
The limited sample, the narrow geographical scope of the study does not allow for a comprehensive analysis of the topic. Another limitation is the lack of representativeness of the results in relation to all university representatives in the countries studied and the uneven composition of the samples.

Originality/value
This study fills the knowledge gap about the status of the bioeconomy in European academic communities by analysing its perception among both teachers and students of social, natural and applied sciences.