bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol prevents age‐related heart impairment through inhibiting the Notch/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Wang Le‐Feng , Li Wen‐Juan , Zhang Xian‐Yi , Zhang Yi‐Chi , Chen Guang‐Feng , Zhou Xing‐Yu , Xv Dong‐Mei , Wu Qiong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol compound found in various plants that has been shown to have potential benefits for preventing aging and supporting cardiovascular health. However, the specific signal pathway by which RSV protects the aging heart is not yet well understood. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of RSV against age‐related heart injury and investigate the underlying mechanisms using a D‐galactose‐induced aging model. The results of the study indicated that RSV provided protection against age‐related heart impairment in mice. This was evidenced by the reduction of cardiac histopathological changes as well as the attenuation of apoptosis. RSV‐induced cardioprotection was linked to a significant increase in antioxidant activity and mitochondrial transmembrane potential, as well as a reduction in oxidative damage. Additionally, RSV inhibited the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). Furthermore, the expression of toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa‐B p65 (NF‐κB p65), and notch 1 protein were inhibited by RSV, indicating that inhibiting the Notch/NF‐κB pathway played a critical role in RSV‐triggered heart protection in aging mice. Moreover, further data on intestinal function demonstrated that RSV significantly increased short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in intestinal contents and reduced the pH value in the feces of aging mice. RSV alleviated aging‐induced cardiac dysfunction through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation via the Notch/NF‐κB pathway in heart tissue. Furthermore, this therapeutic effect was found to be associated with its protective roles in the intestine.
Regular cannabis use alters the neural dynamics serving complex motor control
Authors: Ward Thomas W. , Springer Seth D. , Schantell Mikki , John Jason A. , Horne Lucy K. , Coutant Anna T. , Okelberry Hannah J. , Willett Madelyn P. , Johnson Hallie J. , Killanin Abraham D. , Heinrichs‐Graham Elizabeth , Wilson Tony W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCannabis is the most widely used recreational drug in the United States and regular use has been linked to deficits in attention and memory. However, the effects of regular use on motor control are less understood, with some studies showing deficits and others indicating normal performance. Eighteen users and 23 nonusers performed a motor sequencing task during high‐density magnetoencephalography (MEG). The MEG data was transformed into the time‐frequency domain and beta responses (16–24 Hz) during motor planning and execution phases were imaged separately using a beamformer approach. Whole‐brain maps were examined for group (cannabis user/nonuser) and time window (planning/execution) effects. As expected, there were no group differences in task performance (e.g., reaction time, accuracy, etc.). Regular cannabis users exhibited stronger beta oscillations in the contralateral primary motor cortex compared to nonusers during the execution phase of the motor sequences, but not during the motor planning phase. Similar group‐by‐time window interactions were observed in the left superior parietal, right inferior frontal cortices, right posterior insular cortex, and the bilateral motor cortex. We observed differences in the neural dynamics serving motor control in regular cannabis users compared to nonusers, suggesting regular users may employ compensatory processing in both primary motor and higher‐order motor cortices to maintain adequate task performance. Future studies will need to examine more complex motor control tasks to ascertain whether this putative compensatory activity eventually becomes exhausted and behavioral differences emerge.
Factors affecting transfer of online training: A systematic literature review and proposed taxonomy
Authors: Shukla Ashutosh , Dash Sanket , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTraining employees in new competencies is crucial for ensuring organizational sustainability and success. Consequently, organizations allocate significant resources to training initiatives. As training constitutes a substantial investment, it becomes imperative to identify and categorize factors that enhance the transferability of training. This necessity becomes particularly pronounced in the context of online training, which is being increasingly adopted by organizations for various reasons, including cost efficiency and flexibility. While the adoption of online training is on the rise, research on factors that enhance the effectiveness of such training remains limited. This study aims to address this gap by introducing a taxonomy of factors that influence the transfer of online training. These factors are categorized into four broad themes: computer (digital) literacy and attitudes, learner characteristics, training design and planning, and the learning environment along with organizational factors. Additionally, the study maps these factors to the intended outcomes of training (knowledge, skills, and attitude) and the participants engaged in the training sessions, providing a comprehensive overview of ongoing research and identifying areas for future investigation. Drawing insights from an evaluation of existing literature, the research not only points toward potential research directions but also offers practical implications for designing more effective online training sessions.
Are dominant figures more trustworthy? Examining the relation between parental authoritarianism and children's trust preferences in the United States and China
Authors: Ma Shaocong , Cui Yixin K. , Suárez Sarah , Chen Eva E. , Corriveau Kathleen H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDeciding whose words to trust profoundly impacts children's knowledge acquisition. In evaluating informants' trustworthiness, children are attentive to their social dominance. Previous studies have shown that children's trust preferences may differ across cultures based on the dominance of the informant: children in Western cultures prefer to trust in testimony from dominant informants, whereas children in Eastern cultures prefer to trust subordinate informants (Bernard et al., 2016; Charafeddine et al., 2019). We aim to investigate the potential cultural difference in the trust preferences of European American children (in the United States) and Chinese children (in China) from informants of varying levels of dominance, using a more refined method to assess children's trust preferences. We propose that different levels of authoritarianism – advocacies to obey authorities – in Western and Eastern cultures may explain the potential difference in children's selective trust. Specifically, as impacted by societal cultures, Chinese parents may possess a higher level of authoritarianism than European American parents and may place a higher emphasis on obedience in their parenting. Consequently, Chinese children may show stronger trust preferences from subordinate informants over dominant informants than European American children. Our research will offer insights into the potential mechanism underlying children's different learning preferences across cultures.
Analysis and evaluation of groundwater pollution in Shouguang, China
Authors: Liu Tianhao , Fu Song , Shi Longqing , Li Qingmei , Zhang Lei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGroundwater is an essential nonrenewable resource for agricultural activities. In this study, groundwater samples were collected from the Shouguang area, and the level of groundwater contamination was investigated by measuring the NO3−, SO42−, F−, Cl−, Ca2+, Mg2+, total dissolved solids (TDS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Exploratory data analysis was employed initially to study the hydrochemical characteristics and the sources of pollutants. Finally, the groundwater quality was measured using principal component analysis, entropy weight and complex correlation coefficient methods. As a common observation, the groundwater in the Shouguang area is slightly alkaline, so Ca2+, Mg2+ and NO3− acted as predominant pollutants. These contaminants originated from the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and large‐scale sewage irrigation. Second, perennial overexploitation of groundwater in Shouguang led to the generation of funnels and led to seawater intrusion. As a result, Cl− and TDS in the water samples collected from the north Shouguang area exceeded the regulatory guideline value, which indicates the risk of land salinization. However, the measured concentrations of SO42−, F− and COD were within the normal range. This confirms the minimal contribution of industries to groundwater pollution. East of the Ni River the groundwater is severely polluted, and the detected concentrations of pollutants are far beyond the standard limit and pose a potential risk to human health. Therefore, protection and treatment are urgently needed.
Increased stability due to symmetric cement volume in augmented pedicle screws? A biomechanical study
Authors: Weber Maximilian , Lenz Maximilian , Egenolf Philipp , Prescher Andreas , Walter Sebastian , Heck Vincent J. , Eysel Peer , Scheyerer Max Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPedicle screw instrumentation has become “state of the art” in surgical treatment of many spinal disorders. Loosening of pedicle screws due to poor bone mineral density is a frequent complication in osteoporotic patients. As prevalence of osteoporosis and spinal disorders are increasing with an aging demographic, optimizing the biomechanical properties of pedicle screw constructions and therefore outcome after spinal surgery in osteoporotic patients is a key factor in future surgical therapy. Therefore, this biomechanical study investigated the stability of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)‐augmented pedicle screw‐rod constructions under a deviating distribution of PMMA applied to the instrumentation in osteoporotic human cadaveric vertebrae. We showed that PMMA‐augmented pedicle screw‐rod constructions tend to be more stable than those with non‐augmented pedicle screws. Further, there appears to be a larger risk of screw loosening in unilateral augmented pedicle screws than in non‐augmented, therefore a highly asymmetrically distributed PMMA should be avoided.
Extracellular vesicles from bodily fluids for the accurate diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and related disorders: A systematic review and diagnostic meta‐analysis
Authors: Taha Hash Brown , Bogoniewski Aleksander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractParkinsonian disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), dementia with Lewy body (DLB), corticobasal syndrome (CBS) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are often misdiagnosed due to overlapping symptoms and the absence of precise biomarkers. Furthermore, there are no current methods to ascertain the progression and conversion of prodromal conditions such as REM behaviour disorder (RBD). Extracellular vesicles (EVs), containing a mixture of biomolecules, have emerged as potential sources for parkinsonian diagnostics. However, inconsistencies in previous studies have left their diagnostic potential unclear. We conducted a meta‐analysis, following PRISMA guidelines, to assess the diagnostic accuracy of general EVs isolated from various bodily fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), plasma, serum, urine or saliva, in differentiating patients with parkinsonian disorders from healthy controls (HCs). The meta‐analysis included 21 studies encompassing 1285 patients with PD, 24 with MSA, 105 with DLB, 99 with PSP, 101 with RBD and 783 HCs. Further analyses were conducted only for patients with PD versus HCs, given the limited number for other comparisons. Using bivariate and hierarchal receiver operating characteristics (HSROC) models, the meta‐analysis revealed moderate diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing patients with PD from HCs, with substantial heterogeneity and publication bias. The trim‐and‐fill method revealed at least two missing studies with null or low diagnostic accuracy. CSF‐EVs showed better overall diagnostic accuracy, while plasma‐EVs had the lowest performance. General EVs demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy compared to CNS‐originating EVs, which are more time‐consuming, labour‐ and cost‐intensive to isolate. In conclusion, while holding promise, utilizing biomarkers in general EVs for PD diagnosis remains unfeasible due to existing challenges. The focus should shift toward harmonizing the field through standardization, collaboration, and rigorous validation. Current efforts by the International Society For Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) aim to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of EV‐related research through rigor and standardization, aiming to bridge the gap between theory and practical clinical application.
Cost and cost‐effectiveness of immunotherapy in childhood ALL: A systematic review
Authors: Scoleri‐Longo Yolanda , Pechlivanoglou Petros , Gupta Sumit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSurvival rates for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pALL) have improved dramatically; relapsed/refractory (r/r) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains challenging. Immunotherapies are rapidly evolving treatments for r/r ALL with limited cost‐effectiveness data. This study identifies existing economic evaluations of immunotherapy in pALL and summarizes cost‐effectiveness. Medline, Embase, and other databases were searched from inception to October 2022. Cost‐effectiveness analyses evaluating immunotherapy in pALL were included. Costs reported in 2021 USD. Of 2960 studies, 11 met inclusion criteria. Tisagenlecleucel was compared to standard of care, clofarabine monotherapy, clofarabine combination therapy, or blinatumomab. No studies have evaluated blinatumomab or inotuzumab ozogamicin. Six studies found tisagenlecleucel to be cost‐effective, five of which were supported by Novartis. Four found that it had the potential to be cost‐effective, and one found that it was not cost‐effective. The cost‐effectiveness of tisagenlecleucel was highly dependent on list price and cure rates. This study can inform the use of tisagenlecleucel in pALL.
Appraisal methods and outcomes of AMSTAR 2 assessments in overviews of systematic reviews of interventions in the cardiovascular field: A methodological study
Authors: Karakasis Paschalis , Bougioukas Konstantinos I. , Pamporis Konstantinos , Fragakis Nikolaos , Haidich Anna‐Bettina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the methods and outcomes of The Measurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 appraisals in overviews of reviews (overviews) of interventions in the cardiovascular field and identify factors that are associated with these outcomes. MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched until November 2022. Eligible were overviews of cardiovascular interventions, analyzing systematic reviews (SRs) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Extracted data included characteristics of overviews and SRs and AMSTAR 2 appraisal methods and outcomes. Data were synthesized using descriptive statistics and logistic regression to explore potential associations between the characteristics of SRs and extracted AMSTAR 2 overall ratings (“High‐Moderate” vs. “Low‐Critically low”). The original results on individual AMSTAR 2 items were entered into the official AMSTAR 2 online tool and the recalculated overall confidence ratings were compared to those provided in overviews. All 34 overviews identified were published between 2019 and 2022. Rating of overall confidence following the algorithm suggested by AMSTAR 2 developers was noted in 74% of overviews. The 679 unique included SRs were mainly of “Critically low” (53%) or “Low” (18.7%) confidence and underperformed in items 2 (Protocol, no = 65.2%) and 7 (List of excluded studies, no = 84%). The following characteristics of SRs were significantly associated with higher overall ratings: Cochrane origin, pharmacological interventions, including exclusively RCTs, citation of methodological and reporting guidelines, protocol, absence of funding and publication after AMSTAR 2 release. Generally, overviews' authors tended to deviate from the original rating scheme and ascribe higher ratings to SRs compared to the official AMSTAR 2 online tool. Most SRs included in overviews of cardiovascular interventions have critically low or low confidence in their results. Overviews' authors should be more transparent about the methods used to derive the overall confidence in SRs.
Recalled protective childhood experiences are associated with positive emotional expression in active‐duty firefighters
Authors: Baugher Brittany J. , Delahanty Douglas L. , Coifman Karin G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is a wealth of research linking adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with negative outcomes later in life, but less research has focused on the effects of protective childhood experiences (PCEs). PCEs have been shown broadly to promote resilience, but the precise nature of this association is not clear, particularly in studies of at‐risk adults. The current investigation explored the association between recollection of early life experiences and in vivo emotional responses in at‐risk adults. In 2018, 56 active‐duty firefighters reported childhood experiences via a questionnaire. Using a semistructured interview, firefighters then responded to questions about recent emotionally evocative experiences (positive and negative) as a firefighter. Emotion was measured in vivo via sympathetic arousal and recorded facial expressions of emotion. Individuals who reported more PCEs expressed significantly more facial expressions of positive emotion across contexts, sr2 = .11–.14. Early childhood experiences were not significantly associated with negative facial expressions or changes in sympathetic reactivity, but ACEs were associated with tonic levels of arousal in a negative context, r = ‐.36. Given the adaptive role of positive emotions in adjustment to adverse events, the current investigation suggests a potential protective association between PCEs and the expression of emotion even within a high‐risk context, which could help explain the resilience promoting role of PCEs.
Exploiting Visible‐Light Induced Radical to Cation Transformation Pathway for Reactivity Enhanced Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Polymerization of Heteroaromatics
Authors: Gencosman Emirhan , Kiliclar Huseyin Cem , Fiedor Pawel , Yilmaz Gorkem , Ortyl Joanna , Yagci Yusuf , Kiskan Baris 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA straightforward approach is employed to synthesize methylene‐bridged poly(hetero aromatic)s based on furan, pyrrole, thiophene, and thiophene derivatives. The process involves an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction facilitated by a visible light‐initiated system consisting of manganese decacarbonyl and an iodonium salt. The approach mainly relies on the formation of halomethylium cation, the attack of this cation to heteroaromatic, regeneration of methylium cation on the heteroaromatic, and reactivity differences between halomethylium and heteroaromatic methylium cations for successful polymerizations. This innovative synthetic strategy lead to the formation of polymers with relatively high molecular weights as the stoichiometric imbalance between the comonomers increased. Accordingly, these newly obtained polymers exhibit remarkable fluorescence properties, even at excitation wavelengths as low as 330 nm. Moreover, by harnessing the halogens at chain ends of homopolymers, block copolymers are successfully synthesized, offering opportunities for tailored applications in diverse fields.
The way to induce asset‐backed securities participation in eco‐compensation
Authors: Zhang Gong , Bi Shulei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBy establishing an ecology compensation asset securitization project, market mechanisms can be used to regulate the interests of stakeholders in ecological conservation. Previous studies have shown that combining asset securitization with environmental protection can effectively promote the sustainable development of both economy and environment. However, there is still a lack of research on the stable mechanisms and impact of integrating ecology compensation and asset securitization. In this study, we propose a comprehensive operating model for ecology compensation asset securitization and a specific valuation framework supported by a multi‐period, multi‐state Markov model for ecology compensation asset securitization. If the project's net present value is positive, it can effectively reduce the risks of ecology compensation projects and increase the return rate of ecology compensation asset securitization projects. By employing the case study of ZhongHang ShouGang Green Energy (SZ:180801) and implementing the asset pool valuation using the multi‐state Markov model, the deviation error is 0.89%, validating the effectiveness of the model. Additionally, sensitivity analysis from simulation results indicates that changes in interest rates and default probabilities are the main factors influencing the valuation of the asset pool. After summarizing the research conclusions, relevant policy recommendations and future prospects are presented. This research aims to provide reference for the development and application of ecology compensation asset securitization.
Reduced Gastric Contraction in Rapid‐Eye‐Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder and De Novo Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Oertel Wolfgang H. , Paule Esther , Hasemann Theresa , Sittig Elisabeth , Belke Marcus , Unger Marcus M. , Mayer Geert , Werner Rita , Jansen Andreas , Pape Heidi , Höglinger Günter U. , Vadasz Dávid , Müller Hans‐Helge , Knake Susanne , Janzen Annette 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundReduced gastric motility in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been reported, but hardly any study exists in subjects with isolated rapid‐eye‐movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), a specific prodrome of α‐synucleinopathies.ObjectivesWe compared the gastric motility of 17 iRBD subjects with that of 18 PD subjects (15 drug naive, 3 early treated in defined off) and 15 healthy controls (HC) with real‐time magnetic resonance imaging (rtMRI).MethodsAfter overnight fasting, participants consumed a standardized breakfast and underwent a 3‐T rtMRI of the stomach. Amplitude and velocity of the peristaltic waves were analyzed under blinded conditions. Gastric motility index (GMI) was calculated. The procedure was repeated in 12 of 17 iRBD subjects ~2.5 years later. Nine of these 12 iRBD subjects were hyposmic.ResultsIn iRBD and PD subjects the amplitude of the peristaltic waves was significantly reduced compared with HCs (iRBD vs. HC: 8.7 ± 3.7 vs. 11.9 ± 4.1 mm, P = 0.0097; PD vs. HC: 6.8 ± 2.2 vs. 11.9 ± 4.1 mm, P = 0.0001). The amplitude in iRBD and PD subjects was decreased to the same extent. The GMI was reduced in only PD subjects (PD vs. HC: P = 0.0027; PD vs. iRBD: P = 0.0203). After ~2.5 years the amplitude in iRBD subjects did not significantly decrease further.ConclusionThe amplitude of the peristaltic waves was markedly reduced in iRBD, a prodrome of α‐synucleinopathies. This reduction was similar to the extent observed already in manifest early PD. This finding implies that the α‐synuclein pathology affects the innervation of the stomach already in the prodromal stage. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.