bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herew-Now and Elsewhere in Spacetime
Authors: Pickover Clifford A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Veil motions you in the direction of three chairs he has brought in from his own sleeping quarters. You sit down. The chairs are fairly comfortable, considering they were designed for a race with segmented rear ends that looked like cracked triangular tortilla chips. Constantia has chosen a large room that served as a research library and lab, and also as a sleeping quarters. You look around and feel dwarfed by the soaring pilasters, frescoed ceilings, and gilt furniture. On the wall is a photo of Constantia and a handsome man, both playing cellos before a large audience in St. Petersberg. There is an inscription on the photo in a tiny, almost childish hand. You see only Constantia’s face, but her eyes are unsettling. What are her feelings for the man? You feel like removing the picture from the wall.
How to Time Travel into the Future
Authors: Pickover Clifford A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
You turn to Mr. Veil and Constantia. “Those twin lizards remind me of what we’ll discuss today-curved world-lines, proper time, time travel into the future, and the twin paradox:’ “Oh, that’s easy;’ Mr. Veil says. “Just stand still, and you travel into the future”. He draws a vertical world line on a spacetime diagram (Fig. 8.1). “That’s trivial. Here’s a better way to travel far into the future. It’s the most exciting result of relativity.” You draw on his sketch.
Wormhole Time Machine
Authors: Pickover Clifford A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mr. Veil turns to you. “Sir, if time travel is possible, it seems that every time you go back and talk to your former self, and change your future actions, you’d be creating a duplicate of yourself in an alternate world. However, the person wouldn’t quite be the same as you because his memories would be different from yours. Would the two of you be the same person?” “It seems logical that you could duplicate slightly different versions of yourself over and over again.” You pause. “Maybe we can do it with wormholes.” “Wormholes?” Constantia says.
Millerite Argumentation
Authors: O’leary Stephen D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter is devoted to a close textual analysis of Millerite arguments. Building upon the insights derived from the previous chapter’s rhetorical history of the movement, I will seek to demonstrate the manner in which Millerism both built upon and contributed to the reformulation of the topoi of American social knowledge. As a case study in the application of a theory of apocalypticism, the chapter as a whole seeks to account for the social and political stances assumed by Millerite rhetors and followers (before and after their involvement in the movement), and for the changes in the substantive and stylistic features of the movement’s discourse as Millerism attempted to move into the American main stream.
The Apocalypse of Apocalypses
Authors: O’leary Stephen D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This investigation has attempted to untangle the thickets of apocalyptic argument in the discourse of nineteenth-century Millerites and twentieth-century fundamentalists. The exploration appears to confirm Derrida’s assessment that apocalyptic stratagems are endless. The task of demystifying these stratagems by tracing their logic through discourse that spans centuries and diverse genres does, indeed, seem interminable. Yet, in spite of the fact that this task can never be completed, the close analysis of the literature of apocalyptic advocacy has not been a wasted effort.
Anti-Job
Authors: Zuckerman Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We can now tum back to the question that led us into this excursus on “Bontsye Shvayg”: the loose end of the Poem of Job. In light of what we now know about Perets’ story, let us pose again the essential question: How does the Poem of Job fit within the contrapuntal harmony that constitutes the Johan tradition? We can begin by recalling that Perets’ intends Bontsye to imitate the biblical Job but further takes that character to its logical extreme: Super-Job, the pure sufferer who never cries out against God or man, as opposed to the biblical Job, who begins patiently like Bontsye but who has lost his patience by the time we reach chapter 3 of the biblical book.
Super-Reality
Authors: Zuckerman Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Anyone who knows Yiddish literature, especially the work of Perets, also knows that the view we have presented above of “Bontsye Shvayg” is not the popular view of the story.124 While we have argued that Perets’ narrative is designed as a parody of the pietistic Yiddish tale, the more common perception is that this is no parody at all, but rather the very epitome of what a pietistic Yiddish story should be. Leo Wiener, for example, writing only a few years after “Bontsye Shvayg” was first published in Perets’ anthology Literatur un lebn, offers a typical interpretation of this type. He contends that Perets’ story “presents, probably better than any other, the author’s conception of the character of the virtues of the long suffering masses.
The “Sincerely Wrong” Approach
Authors: Zuckerman Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thus far, we have looked at the popular conception of “Bontsye Shvayg” as a stimulus for creative response and critical evaluation in a post-Holocaust world. Perhaps though, in consideration of the discussion above, we should not be sur prised to discover that the sort of reinterpretation of “Bontsye Shvayg” we have outlined goes beyond even these literary boundaries. In fact, yet a further reshaping of Perets’ work can be documented, one that goes beyond opinion and proceeds to affect the text directly; for not only do we find that Perets’ original intentions have been altered in the popular conception, but we can find instances where the story itself has been changed as well.201 These changes do not occur, to my knowledge, in any Yiddish editions of the story but rather in translations.
The Art of Parody: The Dialogue/ Appeal
Authors: Zuckerman Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We can begin by considering the “original” Poem, or, more precisely, by defining the dimensions of the original Poem in terms of the Bontsye-model. As I have already argued, the poet who wrote this literary masterpiece was motivated by much the same aims, and functioned within a cultural context analogous to that, which motivated Perets to write “Bontsye Shvayg.” Like Perets, the Job poet was intent upon “slaying the sacred cow”-a pietistic worldview in which righteous suffering always receives an inevitable, even a miraculous, reward. Moreover, the poet achieved this end in the same way Perets did, by subverting tradition: converting a famous symbol of this pietistic attitude into its opposite-Job the Patient into Job the Impatient.
Intervening Themes
Authors: Zuckerman Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We must consider one last aspect of Johan counterpoint before this study is drawn to a close. In the preceding discussion we have centered our attention on the writers and editors who have modified the book of Job by adding their supplements to the Poem. But it is also true that the book of Job shows indications that other editorial hands have gone further than this by actually changing the text itself. This editorial intervention constitutes the last and most activist level in the complex of Joban counterpoint. Indeed, it occurs in that gray area of redaction where the text ends and commentary begins.
Sri-Laksmi
Authors: Bailly Constantina Rhodes 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Before the goddess Sri appeared in Indic literature, the concept of majesty remained an abstract notion. Linked with auspiciousness, it was something highly sought after in the prayers and propitiations of the Vedas, the earliest texts of Indian civilization, and it was called sri. Sri can be translated as majesty, prosperity, fullness, auspiciousness, abundance, loveliness, illustriousness, and well-being. In the splendor that is sri lies the power to eradicate debility, to illuminate darkness, to flood a hollow and meaningless void with light, fluidity, and consciousness. Sri is radiance—the bright sparkling of the sun and the cool luminescence of the moon. Sri is the “luxurious bounty of the earth.”2 Sri is the force of creativity and the impetus behind a flourishing creation.
Setting The Stage For The Image Question
Authors: Dillenberger John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Spectrum Of Reforming Religious currents ranging from the last decades of the fifteenth century into the sixth decade of the sixteenth, represents myriad opinions and historic shifts that enveloped most of western Europe. Nations and emerging national cultures carried mind-sets that understood common terms in theology and art in differing ways. Nuremberg, Wittenberg, Zurich, Strasbourg, Geneva, and Rome widely differed from each other. Yet similar concerns were part of the fabric of each place, manifest alike in theology and in artistic styles. People learned from each other, though conflict was everywhere as older boundaries were crossed and challenged.
Matthias Grünewald: Extending the Medieval World
Authors: Dillenberger John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Among the artists being considered in this volume, Grunewald is probably less known than the others. Long eclipsed in the history of art and religion, Matthias Grunewald has come into his own in the twentieth century. Before that time, some of his works were ascribed to others, including Durer; some, by their apparent strangeness, were ignored. Even his name was a puzzle, having been discovered at the beginning of the twentieth century to have been Mathis Gothart Nithart.
Lucas Cranach The Elder: A Reformation Artist
Authors: Dillenberger John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Lucas Cranach The Elder (1472-1553) and his son, Lucas Cranach the Younger (1515-1586), are the two artists most closely related, both in friend ship and work, to the Lutheran reformation figures Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon. Cranach the Elder, born in Kronach and from which city he took his name, lived half his life in the orbit of the Catholic Church and the beginning of Reformation currents, and the last half within the emer gent Lutheran church in Saxony.1 By contrast, his son, Cranach the Younger, was only two when the Ninety-five Theses were published, fourteen when his father began the series on Law and Gospel, and twenty-four when the first major altarpiece was installed in 1539 in Schneeberg. Hence, while Cranach the Elder made the transition from Catholicism to Protestantism, Cranach the Younger grew up within the Lutheranism of Wittenberg.
Introduction The Subject
Authors: Jones Nicholas F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The subject of this work is the associations of ancient Athens during the so-called classical period, more precisely under the democracy of free Athens from its foundation by Kleisthenes in 508/7 down to the Macedonian takeover in 321 B.C. A further limitation of the subject is indicated by the subtitle, The Response to Democracy, for our goal will not be to provide a complete accounting of all associations during our period, but rather to investigate the contemporary association in its relation to the central government and to the state of Athens as a whole. The result, it is hoped, will extend beyond an enhanced appreciation of some important aspects of the associations in question to a new way of looking at the whole of the Athenian democratic polity, at least in institutional terms.
The Demes: Expansion and Decline
Authors: Jones Nicholas F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thus far, the phenomenon of exclusion, initially broached in chapter 2, has been considered only in respect to people situated outside the community of the demotai, broadly defined. But the constitutional deme also harbored a large population of “outsiders” within itself, within the households of its members and within its territorial boundaries. Among these “outsiders” were first and foremost the womenfolk of the demotai, principally their wives and unmarried daughters.
The Phylai: Disposition, Meetings, and Solidarity
Authors: Jones Nicholas F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The demes, in both their constitutional and territorial modes, were able, by virtue of their physical remove from the urban center, reinforced by the deliberate cultivation of isolation from other deme associations, to maintain a vigorous solidary community independent from life in Athens. And it was in this community that, I am arguing, resided a distinctive “response” to perhaps the most limiting characteristic of the central government of Athens, to wit, the physical confinement of the organs and processes of government to the urban center. In the case of the phylai, however, it is obvious that no such model is applicable.
The Phylai: Instruments of Representation?
Authors: Jones Nicholas F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If phyletai did not regularly fraternize or feel or express strong bonds of attachment with each other qua phyletai, it does not follow that the organization was entirely without vitality or purpose. In fact, the phylai will emerge as vigorous, purposeful organizations thanks in large part to the ambitions and energies of a relatively few individuals, usually but not demonstrably in every instance their officers. What do we know about these phyletai?
The Phratries
Authors: Jones Nicholas F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Superficially, the phratries resembled the internally organized segments of the public organization in that they were open only to citizens and in that all citizens seem to have been eligible for admission. As, too, with the demes and (as an automatic consequence) the larger groups of which the demes were components, the phylai, membership in this or that phratry was determined exclusively on the basis of de scent, with the father obligated to demonstrate his son’ s legitimate birth to the satisfaction of his fellow phrateres.
Government and Associations: “The Response to Democracy”
Authors: Jones Nicholas F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The democratic government of classical Athens, despite its well-known overt egalitarian features, imposed severe limitations upon the political aspirations of the populations of Athens and Attica. Egalitarianism itself, by definition, absolutely precluded claims to privilege based on the traditional distinctions of bloodline, background, or merit. The ideology’ s impact extended to all matters involving the use of sortition or decided by votes of the entire citizen body or (as in the case of the courts) of some randomly constituted and theoretically representative selection thereof.
Satyavatī The Matriarch of the Mahābhāratian
Authors: Ghosh Jayatri 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Mahābhāratian is, in a sense, a poetic narration of India’s history or, as mythography, perhaps something greater; as the noted nineteenth century scholar Ramendra Sundar Trivedi said, “The history narrated in the Mahābhāratian is the history of humankind,” a judgment repeated by Vyasa in Peter Brook’s The Mahābhāratian. That this most universal of epics describes, analyzes, ponders, and judges every imaginable human experience, both private and public, is a commonplace of Indian cultural history. Less common is the perception that, in pursuing its central moral enquiry into the nature of dharma or righteousness, the Mahābhāratian holds up alternatives to social norms to the point of subverting convention. The most basic of such reappraisals, given the apparently male orientation of the narrative, is the consistent projection of women’s perceptions of their predicaments in terms both of gender and class. We find in Mahābhāratian society not only extraordinary men but also women of exceptional character, whose strength has few parallels, even in the liberalized twentieth century. Women like Gandhari, Kunti, and Draupadi stand out, sometimes opposing the injustice of the male world, sometimes determined to claim their rights even while remaining under male authority. But behind the screen of these well-born Aryan women, who are cast ultimately in the heroic mold of the male heroes, stands one intriguing woman made unique as much by the circumstances of her birth as by her life. She is Satyavatī. the so-called sūidrar;ir, a woman raised in the peripheral sudra caste.
Powers Behind the Throne Women in Early Mughal Politics
Authors: Palit Mriducchanda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The importance of the Mughal era in the history of India rests not only on the unification of virtually all of India under an elaborately centralized administration but also on the complexity of its political culture. The finely nuanced character of the power games that shaped the fortunes of the dynasty are nowhere better illustrated than in the lives and acts of the great ladies at the Mughal court, who often exerted an influence far beyond the limits granted them by their male dominated polity. Although in principle the Islamic faith acknowledges the equality of men and women in both ability and intelligence, in practice in the Mughal world, as in others, women were relegated to a subordinate position. Yet despite the constraints on women, many of the mothers, daughters, and wives of the Mughal emperors were the driving forces behind them, who protected and advanced them by their own will, talents, and ambitions. This is a steady but often overlooked pattern of achievement, even though the cultural sophistication of these women is common knowledge by virtue of their literary and artistic work. The diaries and autobiographies of Babur’s daughter Gulbadan Begum, Shahjahan’s daughter Jahanara, and Aurangzeb’s daughter Zebunnisa are well known as both historical and literary documents. But the political content of Mughal women’s perceptions remain neglected even as examples of their acumen in politics and commerce abound; for instance, Nurjahan Begum, Emperor Jahangir’s queen, played a pivotal role in the administration of the empire during his reign and was the only Mughal queen to have her face inscribed on a coin of the realm.1 Materials for a history of these women are at best sketchy, but some sense of their abilities and careers may be recaptured from the sometimes anecdotal references and tributes to them in contemporary records.
Memory Judgments
Authors: Hintzman Douglas L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are two basic ways to query human memory. In recall tasks, the experimental subject must generate a representation of a past stimulus such as a word from memory. In memory-judgment tasks, a copy or representation of the stimulus is supplied by the experimenter at test, and the subject answers a specific question about it from memory. The question may be answered by rating or categorizing the test item, or by comparing it with one or more others on relevant dimensions. However, the subject does not have to generate the item itself.
The Rabbis as Experts
Authors: Berger Michael S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Within human society, particularly industrialized democracies, one of the most pervasive manifestations of authority is that of the expert-what is called epistemic authority. Contemporary society has ordered itself through a highly special ized division oflabor, increasing our dependence on experts of all different sorts.1 Specialists upon whom we can rely literally grease the wheels of our daily living, from the journalists’ reports we read in the morning newspaper to the instructions we follow in preparing dinner, whether found in cookbooks or on food pack aging. Teachers, plumbers, lawyers, computer consultants, auto mechanics, and doctors all offer us advice or provide us with information that we use because we see them as experts, as epistemic authorities.2
Communication with the Dead in Jewish Dream Culture
Authors: Hasan-Rokern Galit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dreams are visual experiences that are necessarily transformed into words in order to turn them into meaningful communication, not just among individuals, but also between the dreaming individual and her/himself Their presence in culture is thus characterized by a semiotic complexity of levels in which the seen and the heard, the spoken and the shown, are intensely interrelated, but also marked in their difference. Defying Lessing’s taxonomy of media and Kantian categories of perception, they seem to elude both time and space, while turning the elements of both into categories that are radically transformed by the cognitive and expressive uniqueness of the phenomenon of dreaming. Thus they resemble other states in which numinous and supernatural experiences occur.
Dreaming Analyzed and Recorded Dreams in the World of Medieval Islam
Authors: Sviri Sara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“The veridical dream is one forty-sixth of prophecy,” states an Islamic tradition attributed to the Prophet Muhammad. This statement implies that while prophecy has ceased, Muhammad being the Seal of the Prophets, messages of divine origin can still be communicated through dreams, albeit on a smaller scale than prophecy. This possibility opened up important avenues for both mysticism and philosophy in medieval Islam.
Values
Authors: Kupperman Joel J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Axiology is the study of value in the following narrow sense. Throughout this book, the words “value” and “values” will refer to what is worth having or being, taken purely for its own sake, or what is such that (taken by itself, apart from anything it causes) it is preferable that it exist rather than not exist. Negative values will be what it is advisable, if one discounts all causal relations, not to have or be, or what is such that it is better that (taken by itself) it not exist.
The Case for a Limited Perfectionism
Authors: Kupperman Joel J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter I will argue that a perfectionism with certain broad characteristics represents good social policy. There will be no attempt to specify the nature of the perfectionism in detail. One reason for not doing so is that, as I argued in the previous chapter, social policy in many cases should not aim at ideal solutions but at reasonable balances among desiderata. If there is any one good version of perfectionism, there undoubtedly will be many. Relative advantages among very similar versions could fluctuate from year to year depending on changes in circumstances.
Poetics of Power The Interpretation of Ritual Action in Archaic Greece
Authors: Morris Ian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Iris Murdoch, in her novel The Nice and the Good, comments that “there are certain areas of scholarship, early Greek history is one ... where the scantiness of the evidence sets a special challenge to the disciplined mind. It is a game with very few pieces, where the skill of the player lies in complicating the rules.”‘ It is hard to disagree with her, and since most of the very few pieces with which the archaic Greek historian plays were produced by or for rituals, we might expect these historians to spend a great deal of their time discussing the ways in which they have complicated the “rules” of ritual. But on the whole, they do not. In this essay I argue that analysis of theoretical and historiographic issues is not a deflection of energies from the “real job” of looking at the actual evidence, but is itself part of the process of defining what our evidence is and what it is evidence for.
Mira and Algol
Authors: Wilk Stephen R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Lines In The Epigraph Above are drawn from the section in Lew Wallace's epic novel in which Judah Ben-Hur, returning to Jerusalem and his showdown with boyhood-friend-turned-nemesis Marcellus, stops at the oasis and meets Sheikh Ilderim. The sheikh, elated to discover that Ben-Hur has raced at the Circus Maximus in Rome, eagerly shows off his white horses, all named for the stars.