bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charakterisierung von Patienten mit Psoriasisarthritis in der dermatologischen und rheumatologischen Versorgung: Analyse von zwei Registern
Authors: Augustin Matthias , Lindner Lisa , Kühl Laura , Weiss Anja , Rustenbach Stephan Jeff , Stephan Brigitte , Feuchtenberger Martin , Mrowietz Ulrich , Thaçi Diamant , Staubach Petra , Baraliakos Xenofon , Strangfeld Anja , von Kiedrowski Ralph , Behrens Frank , Regierer Anne Constanze 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielsetzungDie Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) ist eine chronische systemische Entzündungskrankheit, die den Bewegungsapparat, die Haut und die Nägel betrifft. Ziel ist es, soziodemografische und klinische Patientenprofile zu charakterisieren, die in der dermatologischen und rheumatologischen Versorgung dokumentiert werden.Patienten und MethodikEs wurden die Daten von 704 PsA‐Patienten aus dem dermatologischen Psoriasis‐Register PsoBest (PB) und 1066 Patienten aus dem rheumatologischen Krankheitsregister RABBIT‐SpA (RS) analysiert. Vergleichbare anamnestische und klinische Variablen wurden identifiziert und deskriptiv ausgewertet.ErgebnisseDas Durchschnittsalter betrug 51,7 Jahre bei PB und 51,9 Jahre bei RS. Die Krankheitsdauer der Psoriasis war länger und der mittlere Schweregrad der Hauterkrankung war bei den Patienten in PB höher, jedoch hatten mehr Patienten in RS schmerzende und geschwollene Gelenke. Der mittlere Dermatology Life Quality Index war bei den Patienten in PB höher und der mittlere Health Assessment Questionnaire bei den Patienten in RS. Die von den Patienten angegebene globale Krankheitsaktivität und die Schmerzen waren in PB geringer. IL‐23‐Inhibitoren wurden in PB häufiger eingesetzt, TNF‐Inhibitoren bei RS.SchlussfolgerungenDie klinische Spezialisierung wurde mit unterschiedlichen Krankheitsbildern und Behandlungsmustern der PsA in Verbindung gebracht. Dies könnte auf eine Selektion nach der vorherrschenden Manifestation der Psoriasis‐Erkrankung und möglicherweise auf Auswirkungen des Zugangs zur Gesundheitsversorgung hinweisen. Die PsA sollte in einem multidisziplinären Ansatz behandelt werden, der alle Facetten dieser komplexen Erkrankung berücksichtigt.
What can inherited immunodeficiencies reveal about pyoderma gangrenosum?
Authors: Oprea Yasmine , Kody Shannon , Shakshouk Hadir , Greiling Teri M. , Anstey Karen M. , Ortega‐Loayza Alex G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare ulcerative neutrophilic dermatosis that is occasionally associated with primary immunodeficiency. Though contributions from dysregulation of the innate immune system, neutrophil dysfunction and genetic predisposition have been postulated, the precise pathogenesis of PG has not yet been elucidated. This article reviews reported cases of coexisting PG and primary immunodeficiency in order to gain insight into the complex pathophysiology of PG. Our findings suggest that variations in genes such as RAG1, ITGB2, IRF2BP2 and NFκB1 might play a role in genetically predisposing patients to develop PG. These studies support the feasibility of the role of somatic gene variation in the pathogenesis of PG which warrants further exploration to guide targeted therapeutics.
Synthesis, molecular docking, ADMET, and evaluation of the anxiolytic effect in adult zebrafish of synthetic chalcone (E)‐3‐(4‐(dimethylamino)phenyl)‐1‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one: An in vivo and in silico approach
Authors: Santos Oliveira Larissa , Kueirislene Amâncio Ferreira Maria , Wagner de Queiroz Almeida‐Neto Francisco , Wlisses da Silva Antonio , Ivo Lima Pinto Filho José , Nunes da Rocha Matheus , Machado Marinho Emanuelle , Henrique Ferreira Ribeiro Walber , Machado Marinho Márcia , Silva Marinho Emmanuel , Eire Silva Alencar de Menezes Jane , dos Santos Hélcio Silva 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety disorders represent the complex interaction between biological, psychological, temperamental, and environmental factors; drugs available to treat anxiety such as benzodiazepines (BZDs) are associated with several unwanted side effects. Although there are useful treatments, there is still a need for more effective anxiolytics with better safety profiles than BZDs. Chalcones or 1,3‐diphenyl‐2‐proper‐1‐ones can be an alternative since this class of compounds has shown therapeutic potential mainly due to interactions with GABAA receptors and serotonergic system.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the anxiolytic potential of chalcone (E)‐3‐(4‐(dimethylamino)phenyl)‐1‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (C2OHPDA) in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) (ZFa).MethodsEach animal (n = 6/group) was treated intraperitoneally (i.p.; 20 μL) with the chalcone (4, 20, and 40 mg/kg) and with the vehicle (DMSO 3%; 20 μL), being submitted to the tests of locomotor activity and 96‐h acute toxicity. The light/dark test was also performed, and the serotonergic mechanism (5‐HT) was evaluated through the antagonists of the 5‐HTR1, 5‐HTR2A/2C, and 5‐HTR3A/3B receptors. It was investigated the prediction of the chalcone's position and preferential orientation concerning its receptor, as well as the pharmacokinetic parameters (ADMET) involved in the process after administration.ResultsAs a result, C2OHPDA was not toxic and reduced the locomotor activity of ZFa. Furthermore, chalcone demonstrated an anxiolytic effect on the central nervous system (CNS), mediated by the serotonergic system, with action on 5‐HT2A and 5‐HTR3A/3B receptors. The interaction of C2OHPDA with 5‐HT2AR and 5‐HT3A receptors was confirmed by molecular docking study, the affinity energy observed was −8.7 and −9.1 kcal/mol, respectively.ConclusionThus, this study adds new evidence and highlights that chalcone can potentially be used to develop compounds with anxiolytic properties.
Agronomic and physiological responses of corn intercropped with palisadegrass growing in full sun or in a crop‐livestock‐forestry systems
Authors: Domiciano Leandro F. , Pedreira Bruno C. , Abreu Joadil G. , Pereira Dalton H. , Magalhães Ciro A. S. , Sassenrath Gretchen F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere is a need to enhance agricultural intensification and diversification by establishing alternative crop‐livestock‐forestry systems. Our objective was to compare the production and physiological characteristics of corn (Zea mays L.) either intercropped with Marandu palisadegrass [Brachiaria (syn. Urichloa) brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R. D. Webster] growing in full sun (FS), or in a crop‐livestock‐forestry with single‐row (CLFs) and triple‐row (CLFt) groves of Eucalyptus urograndis (hybrid of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden and Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake). In the CLFs and CLFt, the trees were spaced at 37 m (90 tree ha−1) and 30 m (135 tree ha−1), respectively. The experiment was carried out for 2 years in a randomised complete block with three replications in a strip‐split‐plot arrangement with measurements at 5 sites between groves (7 and 13 m on the south face, central, and 7 and 13 m on the north face). The forage mass for full sun, CLFs, and CLFt was 10.9, 9.5, and 6.2 Mg DM ha−1 in 2017 and 28.9, 21.5, and 14.0 Mg DM ha−1 in 2018, while the grain yield was 3.38, 3.34, and 1.66 Mg DM ha−1 in 2017 and 7.90, 4.66, and 2.55 Mg DM ha−1 in 2018. The forage mass (10.1 Mg DM ha−1 in 2017 and 23.9 Mg DM ha−1 in 2018) and grain yield (3.3 Mg DM ha−1 in 2017 and 5.0 Mg DM ha−1 in 2018) in the central and 13 m north distances were greater than in the 7 m north and south, with less light transmission and red: far‐red ratio. We concluded that corn intercropped with palisadegrass in an integrated crop‐livestock‐forestry system was negatively affected by the reduction in radiation transmission, resulting in reduced corn height, forage mass, and grain yield than in the full sun.
Early versus deferred endovenous sclerotherapy of superficial venous reflux in patients with venous ulceration
Authors: Liu Jiabin , Guo Qiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to compare early endovenous sclerotherapy with superficial venous reflux combined with compression therapy and deferred intervention in patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs). A total of 80 patients with 80 VLUs treated at the Department of General Surgery, Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, China, between February 2022 and January 2023 were included in the study. The primary outcome was the time to ulcer healing from the date of compression therapy or endovenous sclerotherapy. Secondary outcome measures were the rate of ulcer healing at 6 months, the rate of ulcer recurrence at 6 months, and patient‐reported health‐related quality of life. A total of 54 patients received early intervention and 26 received deferred intervention. The patient and clinical characteristics at baseline were similar between the two treatment groups. The median time to ulcer healing was 1.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3–1.7 months) in the early‐intervention group and 3.5 months (95% CI, 2.9–4.1 months) in the deferred‐intervention group. The time to ulcer healing was shorter in the early‐intervention group than in the deferred‐intervention group (p < 0.001). The rate of ulcer healing at 6 months was 94% in the early‐intervention group and 92% in the deferred‐intervention group. The rate of ulcer recurrence before the end of the 6‐month follow‐up period was 2% in the early‐intervention group and 4% in the deferred‐intervention group. In conclusion, early endovenous sclerotherapy for superficial venous reflux resulted in faster healing of VLUs than deferred endovenous sclerotherapy.
Thickness effects on the sinterability, microstructure, and nanohardness of SiC‐based ceramics consolidated by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Sun Shi‐Kuan , Yuan Jin‐Hao , Guo Wei‐Ming , Duan Xiao‐Ming , Jia De‐Chang , Lin Hua‐Tay 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of the original thickness on the densification, microstructure, and nanoindentation hardness of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics prepared by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The densification of SiC ceramics with different initial thicknesses ranging from 50 to 2000 µm was investigated in combination with varying SPS sintering temperature at 1700–1900°C. The results indicated that the densification of SiC sample with the initial thickness of 50 µm was complete after sintering at 1700°C. On the contrary, when the initial thickness exceeded 50 µm, it resulted in a porous microstructure. When the initial thickness varied from 50 to 100 µm, dense SiC monolithic could be obtained after sintering at 1800°C. All the samples were fully densified after sintering at 1900°C. The predominant factors for the thickness effect were mainly derived from the unique characteristics of SPS. The hardness of SiC ceramics was measured using nanoindentation, and it was found to have a strong correlation with the initial thickness, mainly attributed to the densification status. The dense SiC product demonstrated nanoindentation hardness with high values of ∼28.0 GPa.
Modelling time‐varying risk factors of tooth loss: Results from joint model compared with extended Cox regression model
Authors: Mitani Aya A. , Feng Xinyang , Kaye Elizabeth K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo illustrate the use of joint models (JMs) for longitudinal and survival data in estimating risk factors of tooth loss as a function of time‐varying endogenous periodontal biomarkers (probing pocket depth [PPD], alveolar bone loss [ABL] and mobility [MOB]).Materials and MethodsWe used data from the Veterans Affairs Dental Longitudinal Study, a longitudinal cohort study of over 30 years of follow‐up. We compared the results from the JM with those from the extended Cox regression model which assumes that the time‐varying covariates are exogenous.ResultsOur results showed that PPD is an important risk factor of tooth loss, but each model produced different estimates of the hazard. In the tooth‐level analysis, based on the JM, the hazard of tooth loss increased by 4.57 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.13–8.50) times for a 1‐mm increase in maximum PPD, whereas based on the extended Cox model, the hazard of tooth loss increased by 1.60 (95% CI: 1.37–1.87) times.ConclusionsJMs can incorporate time‐varying periodontal biomarkers to estimate the hazard of tooth loss. As JMs are not commonly used in oral health research, we provide a comprehensive set of R codes and an example dataset to implement the method.
Building resilience in cybersecurity: An artificial lab approach
Authors: Awiszus Kerstin , Bell Yannick , Lüttringhaus Jan , Svindland Gregor , Voß Alexander , Weber Stefan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBased on classical contagion models we introduce an artificial cyber lab: the digital twin of a complex cyber system in which possible cyber resilience measures may be implemented and tested. Using the lab, in numerical case studies, we identify two classes of measures to control systemic cyber risks: security‐ and topology‐based interventions. We discuss the implications of our findings on selected real‐world cybersecurity measures currently applied in the insurance and regulation practice or under discussion for future cyber risk control. To this end, we provide a brief overview of the current cybersecurity regulation and emphasize the role of insurance companies as private regulators. Moreover, from an insurance point of view, we provide first attempts to design systemic cyber risk obligations and to measure the systemic risk contribution of individual policyholders.
Genome‐wide insights into whole gut microbiota of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fed plant proteins and camelina oil at different temperature regimens
Authors: Idenyi John N. , Abanikannda Mosope F. , Huber David H. , Gannam Ann L. , Sealey Wendy M. , Eya Jonathan C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGut microbiota impacts fish metabolism, nutrient utilization, and health. We know little about how temperature and diet interact with rainbow trout gut microbes. A total of 288 fish (average body weight: 45.6 g) fed four iso‐caloric, ‐lipidic, and ‐nitrogenous diets comprised crude protein (40%) and lipid (20%) manufactured as 100% animal‐based protein (AP) and blend of 50 fish oil (FO)/50 camelina oil (CO), 100% AP and 100% CO, 100% plant‐based protein (PP) and blend of 50 FO/50 CO or 100% PP and 100% CO at 14 or 18°C water temperature. Gut content was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun sequencing. Alpha‐diversity did not change significantly. Regardless of diet, Tenericutes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria dominated. At family level, Aeromonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae dominated at 18°C, while Mycoplasmataceae dominated at 14°C. Moreover, genes relating to amino acid, carbohydrate, fat, and energy metabolisms and fatty acid biosynthesis significantly increased at 18°C. Functional profiles did not vary significantly among diets, except for a higher methionine and cysteine metabolism in fish fed plant ingredient compared animal diet, suggesting trout fed plant‐derived protein mixed with CO could be as effective as those fed fish meals mixed with 50/50 FO and CO.
Assessing mechanical function of peristalsis with functional lumen imaging probe panometry: Contraction power and displaced volume
Authors: Halder Sourav , Pandolfino John E. , Kahrilas Peter J. , Koop Andree , Schauer Jacob , Araujo Isis K. , Elisha Guy , Kou Wenjun , Patankar Neelesh A. , Carlson Dustin A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe distal contractile integral (DCI) quantifies the contractile vigor of primary peristalsis on high‐resolution manometry (HRM), whereas no such metric exists for secondary peristalsis on functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) panometry. This study aimed to evaluate novel FLIP metrics of contraction power and displaced volume in asymptomatic controls and a patient cohort.MethodsThirty‐five asymptomatic controls and adult patients (with normal esophagogastric junction outflow/opening and without spasm) who completed HRM and FLIP panometry were included. The patient group also completed timed barium esophagram (TBE). Contraction power (estimate of esophageal work over time) and displaced volume (estimate of contraction‐associated fluid flow) were computed from FLIP. HRM was analyzed per Chicago Classification v4.0.Key ResultsIn controls, median (5th–95th percentile) contraction power was 27 mW (10–44) and displaced volume was 43 mL (17–66). 95 patients were included: 72% with normal motility on HRM, 17% with ineffective esophageal motility (IEM), and 12% with absent contractility. Among patients, DCI was significantly correlated with both contraction power (rho = 0.499) and displaced volume (rho = 0.342); p values < 0.001. Both contraction power and displaced volume were greater in patients with normal motility versus IEM or absent contractility, complete versus incomplete bolus transit, and normal versus abnormal retention on TBE; p values < 0.02.ConclusionsFLIP panometry metrics of contraction power and displaced volume appeared to effectively quantify peristaltic vigor. These novel metrics may enhance evaluation of esophageal motility with FLIP panometry and provide a reliable surrogate to DCI on HRM.
Optimizing cropping systems to close the gap between economic profitability and environmental health
Authors: Yang Xue , Delgado‐Baquerizo Manuel , Niu Yuxuan , Christie Peter , Chen Ji , Hu Hangwei , Chen Yongliang 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Supporting food security while maintaining ecosystem sustainability is one of the most important global challenges for humanity. Optimization of cropping systems is expected to promote the ecosystem services of agroecosystems. Yet, how and why cropping system influences the trade‐offs between economic profitability and multiple ecosystem services remain poorly understood.
We investigate the influence of six cropping systems on trade‐offs between economic profitability and multiple ecosystem services after considering 36 agricultural ecosystem properties using field experiment data from 2020 to 2022.
We show that designing cropping system is a critical tool to closing the gap between ecosystem sustainability and commercial profitability. Cropping system with three harvests within 2 yr had higher performance in overall ecosystem multiple services through enhancement of supporting, regulating, and economic performance without compromising provisioning compared with four other systems. These systems diminished the trade‐off among multiple services, resulting in a ‘win‐win’ situation for economics and multiple services. By contrast, the monoculture and double cropping systems lead to a strong trade‐off between pairwise services including ecosystem health and profitability.
Our work illustrates the substantial potential of rotation systems with three harvests within 2 yr in enforcing ecosystem services and closing the trade‐offs among multiple agricultural ecosystem services.
RAS signalling genes can be used as host‐induced gene silencing targets to control fungal diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Xu Yan , Tan Jinyi , Lu Junxing , Zhang Yuelin , Li Xin 
Published: October 2023

SummarySclerotinia sclerotiorum causes white mold (also called stem rot, Sclerotinia blight, etc.) in many economically important plants. It is a notorious soilborne fungal pathogen due to its wide host range and ability to survive in soil for long periods of time as sclerotia. Although host‐induced gene silencing (HIGS) was recently demonstrated to be an effective method for controlling white mold, limited gene targets are available. Here, using a forward genetics approach, we identified a RAS‐GTPase activating protein, SsGAP1, which plays essential roles in sclerotia formation, compound appressoria production and virulence. In parallel, as revealed by our knockout analysis, the SsGAP1 ortholog in Botrytis cinerea, BcGAP1, plays similar roles in fungal development and virulence. By knocking down SsRAS1 and SsRAS2, we also revealed that both SsRAS1 and SsRAS2 are required for vegetative growth, sclerotia development, compound appressoria production and virulence in S. sclerotiorum. Due to the major roles these RAS signalling components play in Sclerotiniaceae biology, they can be used as HIGS targets to control diseases caused by both S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea. Indeed, when we introduced HIGS constructs targeting SsGAP1, SsRAS1 and SsRAS2 in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana, we observed reduced virulence. Taken together, our forward genetics gene discovery pipeline in S. sclerotiorum is highly effective in identifying novel HIGS targets to control S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea.
The function of perceptual learning
Authors: Jenkin Zoe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOur perceptual systems are not stagnant but can learn from experience. Why is this so? That is, what is the function of perceptual learning? I consider two answers to this question: The Offloading View, which says that the function of perceptual learning is to offload tasks from cognition onto perception, thereby freeing up cognitive resources (Connolly, 2019) and the Perceptual View, which says that the function of perceptual learning is to improve the functioning of perception. I argue that the Perceptual View better explains data from infants and animals, and better accounts for learned tasks that only perception could perform.
Gastrointestinal thickness, duration, and leak pressure of five intestinal anastomosis techniques in cats
Authors: Sanders Jackson E. , Regier Penny J. , Waln Monica , Colee James 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare time to construct completion and resistance to leakage for five intestinal anastomosis techniques in cats and to report normal feline gastrointestinal thickness.Study designExperimental study.Sample populationGrossly normal intestinal segments (n = 120) from 10 fresh cat cadavers.MethodsA total of 8 cm segments of fresh feline cadaveric intestine were collected, and mural thickness was recorded. Segments were randomly allocated between a control group (n = 20 segments) and five treatment groups (20 segments/group with 2 segments/construct = 10 constructs per group): (1) hand‐sewn anastomosis – simple interrupted (HSA‐SI), (2) hand‐sewn anastomosis – simple continuous (HSA‐SC), (3) functional end‐to‐end stapled anastomosis (FEESA), (4) functional end‐to‐end stapled anastomosis with oversew (FEESA‐O), (5) skin stapled anastomosis (SS). Time to construct completion, leakage location, initial leak pressure (ILP), and maximum intraluminal pressure (MIP) were compared.ResultsMean mural thickness ± SD (mm) for the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were 1.66 ± 0.28, 2.05 ± 0.18, 2.28 ± 0.30, and 2.11 ± 0.39, respectively. ILPs (mean ± SD) for HSA‐SI (165 ± 122 mmHg), HSA‐SC (149 ± 83), FEESA‐O (63 ± 25, FEESA (84 ± 59), SS (77 ± 56), and control segments (>500) were compared. There was no statistically significant difference in ILP (p > .08) or MIP (p > .084) between any treatment groups. Nonoversewn FEESAs were 2.4 times faster to perform compared to oversewn FEESA and SS groups, and 4.7 times faster than HSA (p < .001).ConclusionAll anastomosis techniques provide resistance to leakage that is supraphysiological to that of the normal maximum intraluminal pressure. HSA take longer to complete than stapled anastomoses.Clinical significanceAll anastomotic techniques may be appropriate in cats. Hand‐sewn anastomoses result in a longer surgical time.