bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive analysis of loss of heterozygosity caused by hemizygous deletions in renal cell carcinoma using a subtraction library
Authors: Hatano Naoya , Nishikawa Naoko S. , McElgunn Cathal , Sarkar Shubhashish , Ozawa Kazuo , Shibanaka Yasuhiko , Nakajima Motowo , Gohiji Kazuo , Kiyama Ryoiti 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSeveral new loci were identified by a comprehensive analysis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using a subtraction library between matched normal and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues. A total of 187 clones from the library, with a complexity of 1×104, were mapped, and 44 clusters of the mapped loci were subjected to LOH analysis using microsatellite markers. A total of 27 loci, which exhibited frequencies of LOH of at least 10% among 44 tumors, mostly clear‐cell RCC, included several loci that were reported previously, such as, the von Hippel‐Lindau gene, adenomatous polyposis coli, and interferon regulatory factor‐1, as well as new loci, at 5q32‐q34, 6q21‐q22, 8p12, and others. These loci exhibited LOH among 11.8–93.8% of tumors, and most, if not all, were derived from the sites of hemizyous deletions. The minimum regions of LOH of chromosomes 5, 6, and 8 were 9.0, 10.3, and 0.775 Mb, respectively. The average distance between the cloned fragments on the chromosomes was 2.2 Mb in 187 clones, indicating that the minimum LOH size expected from this subtraction analysis was roughly 50 kb. Therefore, the strategy described here provides comprehensive analysis of LOH sites, which were mostly caused by hemizygous deletions. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Secondary nonresponsiveness to botulinum toxin type A in patients with oromandibular dystonia
Authors: Adler Charles H. , Factor Stewart A. , Brin Mitchell , Sethi Kapil D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIntramuscular injection of botulinum toxin type A is the treatment of choice for most cases of oromandibular dystonia. We report on five patients with oromandibular dystonia that developed secondary nonresponsiveness to botulinum toxin type A following multiple injections over a 6‐year period. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society.
Levodopa‐induced ocular dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Linazasoro Gurutz , Van Blercom Nadege , Lasa Asier , Indakoetxea Begoña , Ruiz Javier 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLevodopa‐induced ocular dyskinesias are very uncommon. Usually they occur simultaneously with limb peak‐dose choreatic dyskinesias. We report on a patient with leftward and upward deviations of gaze during the peak effect of levodopa, and hypothesize that a severe dopaminergic denervation in the caudate nucleus is needed for the appearance of these levodopa‐induce ocular dyskinesias. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Parkinson's disease with late Pick's dementia
Authors: Henderson Jasmine M. , Gai Wei Ping , Hely Mariese A. , Reid Wayne G.J. , Walker Grant L. , Halliday Glenda M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report a case in which typical clinical features of idiopathic Parkinson's disease existed for seven years prior to the development of significant behavioral and cognitive changes and severe dementia. The patient presented with right‐sided resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity, which were highly responsive to levodopa. Serial neuropsychological evaluation revealed no evidence of dementia until late in the disease. The patient deteriorated rapidly eight years into the disease, requiring full care. She died 16 years after symptom onset and post‐mortem neuropathological analysis revealed Lewy body Parkinson's disease and Pick's disease. To our knowledge, this is the first non‐familial case with this combination of clinical history and pathologically confirmed disease to be reported in the literature. The absence of a family history of any neurological disease sets this case apart from the recently described genetic cases of frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17. In addition, the relatively late onset of dementia in frontotemporal dementia is atypical. While there is considerable debate regarding the cause of dementia in idiopathic Parkinson's disease, our case illustrates that Pick's disease is one such cause. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Stiff leg syndrome: Case report
Authors: Gürol Mahmut Edip , Ertas Mustafa , Hanagasi Hasmet Ayhan , Sahin Hüseyin Alparslan , Gürsoy Gençay , Emre Murat 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report on a 28‐year‐old woman with insulin‐resistant diabetes mellitus with a 5‐year history of progressive stiffness and painful spasms of the right leg, exaggerated by sudden auditory and tactile stimuli or by emotional stress. There were no signs of truncal rigidity or exaggerated lumbar lordosis. Anti‐glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies were positive in her serum. She improved substantially with clonazepam 4 mg/day. She presented with electrophysiological findings not previously reported in stiff leg syndrome, which may suggest increased inhibition in the uninvolved upper extremities. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
The Stokes equations with Fourier boundary conditions on a wall with asperities
Authors: Amirat Youcef , Climent Blanca , Fernández‐Cara Enrique , Simon Jacques 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe study the effect of the rugosity of a wall on the solution of the Stokes system complemented with Fourier boundary conditions. We consider the case of small periodic asperities of size ε. We prove that the velocity field, pressure and drag, respectively, converge to the velocity field, pressure and drag of a homogenized Stokes problem, where a different friction coefficient appears. This shows that, contrarily to the case of Dirichlet boundary conditions, rugosity is dominant here. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radiation efficiency analysis on small antenna by Wheeler cap method
Authors: Chair R. , Luk K. M. , Lee K. F. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThere have recently been extensive studies of small‐size microstrip antennas. Some of these small antennas maintain gains of 5–6 dBi, whereas others have gains of 0–1.5 dBi. One important antenna parameter is the radiation efficiency. There have been very few studies on this parameter for small microstrip antennas. This letter presents measurements of several of these structures introduced earlier, with the use of the Wheeler cap method. The highest efficiency measured was about 96%. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 112–113, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10247
Analysis of an optical satellite communication system with stabilized microwave reference note transmission
Authors: Tsao Shyh‐Lin , Yu Hao‐Chih , Lin Yi‐Chih 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA new optical satellite communication system with a local oscillator in the transmitter and one in the receiver station is presented. A new microwave–photonic receiver for picking up the stabilized microwave reference note is proposed. The system, which transmits a 2.5‐Gbps FSK signal, is analyzed. Satellite vibration, beam divergence, atmosphere absorption, and scattering are considered. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 149–151, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10260
Analysis of guided modes in photonic crystal fibers using the finite‐difference time‐domain method
Authors: Qiu Min 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn efficient finite‐difference time‐domain method is proposed for the full‐wave analysis of guided modes in photonic crystal fibers. The three‐dimensional hybrid guided modes can be calculated by a two‐dimensional mesh, if one assumes that the propagation constant along the z‐direction (propagation direction) is fixed. Furthermore, only real variables are used in the present method. Therefore, the computation time and computer memory are significantly reduced. The results for a honeycomb‐based silica–air photonic crystal fiber are in very good agreement with the results from the plane‐wave expansion method. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 327–330, 2001.
Leukemias related to treatment with DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors*
Authors: Felix Carolyn A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe epipodophyllotoxins etoposide and teniposide and other DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors including anthracyclines and dactinomycin are highly efficacious anticancer drugs. All are associated with a distinct form of leukemia characterized by chromosomal translocations as a treatment complication. Most of the translocations disrupt a breakpoint cluster region (bcr) of the MLL gene at chromosome band 11q23. Other characteristic translocations also may occur. The normal function of the nuclear enzyme DNA topoisomerase II is to catalyze changes in DNA topology between relaxed and supercoiled states by transiently cleaving and re‐ligating both strands of the double helix. Anticancer drugs that are DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors are cytotoxic because they form complexes with DNA and DNA topoisomerase II. The complexes decrease the re‐ligation rate, disrupt the cleavage‐re‐ligation equilibrium, and have a net effect of increasing cleavage. The increased cleavage damages the DNA and leads to chromosomal breakage. Cells with irreparable DNA damage die by apoptosis. The association of DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors with leukemia suggests that the drug‐induced, DNA topoisomerase II‐mediated chromosomal breakage may be relevant to translocations in addition to this anti‐neoplastic, cytotoxic action. Epidemiological studies, genomic translocation breakpoint cloning and in vitro DNA topoisomerase II cleavage assays together lead to a model for treatment‐related leukemia in which DNA topoisomerase II causes chromosomal breakage and translocations form when the breakage is repaired. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:525–535, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic predisposition and treatment‐related leukemia*
Authors: Perentesis Jhon Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTreatment‐related leukemias are one of the most devastating late complications of cancer therapy. Patients with rare cancer predisposition syndromes including neurofibromatosis type 1 and inherited p53 mutations are at an increased risk for this complication. Other patients may have increased susceptibility because they possess common genetic polymorphisms in drug‐metabolizing enzymes that result in impaired detoxification of chemotherapy or inefficient repair of drug‐induced genetic damage. We review studies that have identified a potential role for polymorphisms in the genes encoding the glutathione‐S‐transferases (GSTs), NAD(P) H: quinone oxidoreductase, myeloperoxidase, N‐acetyltransferase (NATs), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and 3A4, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), cystathionine‐beta‐synthase (CBS), and others in the etiology of primary or secondary acute leukemias, and therapy‐related complications. The identification of high risk polymorphisms and use of pharmacogenetically‐guided therapies holds promise to improve the outcome of cancer therapy and reduce the risk of treatment‐related leukemias. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:541–548, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic factors determining cutaneous basal cell carcinoma phenotype*
Authors: Ramachandran Sudarshan , Fryer Anthony A. , Strange Richard C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) patients demonstrate considerable phenotypic diversity. The basis of this heterogeneity is poorly understood. We have shown that presentational phenotypes are associated with BCC numbers. Thus, patients with a cluster of new BCC at any presentation comprise a subgroup, termed MPP, that is at increased risk of developing numerous lesions. Patients with more than one cluster (multiple cluster MPP) are at particular risk.ProcedureWe determined in a cohort of BCC cases, whether: (i) tumor accrual was altered after clustering; and (ii) multiple cluster MPP is associated with characteristics linked with sensitivity to UV or, GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTM3, GSTP1, MC1R, CYP2D6, TNF‐α, and VDR genotypes previously associated with BCC presentational phenotypes.Results(i) After clustering BCC accrual increased; and (ii) exposure to UV in single and multiple cluster MPP cases were similar. In multiple cluster cases, mean age at first presentation with a single tumor occurred earlier and, the frequencies of CYP2D6 EM (94.4%) and GSTT1 null (41.2%) were significantly greater (P = 0.028 and P = 0.004) than in single cluster cases (67.1 and 14.3%). The odds ratios for these associations with the multiple cluster MPP were large; 15.5 and 7.39, respectively.ConclusionsThe finding of clusters of new, primary BCC is a critical event that is followed by markedly increased accrual of further tumors. Clustering occurs at a relatively late age and may be associated with a failure in immune surveillance. We propose the MPP is not the consequence of excessive UV exposure but reflects the presence of a distinct BCC subgroup defined by a combination of risk genes. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:559–563, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proinflammatory cytokines mediate the systemic inflammatory response associated with high‐dose cytarabine treatment in children
Authors: Ek Torben , Jarfelt Marianne , Mellander Lotta , Abrahamsson Jonas 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundTreatment with high‐dose cytarabine (1‐β‐D‐arabinofuranosylcytosine) is often associated with an acute febrile reaction sometimes including abdominal pain, myalgia, and rash. The similarity of these symptoms to those caused by hypersecretion of cytokines in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) prompted us to investigate the plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines during treatment of children with high‐dose cytarabine.ProcedureSixteen children treated for hematological malignancies and in clinical remission were studied during treatment with six infusions of cytarabine given every 12 hr at a dose of 2 g/m2. Blood samples for analysis of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), interleukin‐1γ (IL‐1γ), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1ra) were obtained prior to treatment and subsequently at 12, 36 and 60 hr. Additional samples were collected as soon as fever occurred.ResultsThirteen of 16 patients developed fever at a median time of 30 hr following start of treatment. At 12 hr levels of TNF‐α were elevated followed by a rise in IL‐6, IFN‐α, and IL‐1ra, peaking at the onset of fever. Thereafter these levels slowly declined whereas low IL‐10 levels became detectable.ConclusionsWe conclude that high‐dose cytarabine treatment often induces release of TNF‐α followed by the sequential release of other proinflammatory cytokines. Most likely these cytokines mediate the development of symptoms comprising the cytarabine syndrome. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001;37:459–464. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sequence‐specific 13C NMR assignments in a neurotoxin (candoxin) from Bungarus candidus
Authors: Rani Parvathy V. , Chary K. V. R. , Manjunatha Kini R. , Govil G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report 13C NMR assignments of a weak neurotoxin called candoxin, using heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) experiments with their natural abundance in the protein. Almost complete sequence‐specific 13C NMR assignments were achieved. Chemical shift indices of 13Cα, 13Cβ and 1Hα were used to characterize the secondary structural segments in the protein. A consensus plot of chemical shift indices revealed five β‐strands as the major structural elements in the toxin. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic NMR: combined use of 1D selective EXSY and complete lineshape analysis of spectra subjected to reference deconvolution and linear prediction or the maximum entropy method
Authors: Vassilev Nikolay G. , Dimitrov Valentin S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn dynamic NMR lineshape analysis and in handling other curve‐fitting problems, the quality of the adjusted parameters improves if the iterative procedure is constrained by introducing additional conditions. It is demonstrated on a simple model of a two‐site exchange system that in the complete lineshape analysis of spectra subjected to reference deconvolution and linear prediction or the maximum entropy method in combination with 1D EXSY experiments, the unknown parameters can be reduced to only one, the rate constant. This approach ensures excellent results for the activation parameters. It is also shown that 1D selective EXSY (1D SEXSY) experiments using E‐BURP pulses could successfully be used as a substitute to the more (experimentally) demanding 2D EXSY measurements. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative 13C NMR method using the DEPT pulse sequence for the determination of the geographical origin (DOP) of olive oils
Authors: Vlahov G. , Schiavone C. , Simone N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is applied to measure the high‐field (500 MHz) 13C spectra at natural abundance in olive oil samples in order to ascertain the suitability of NMR for discriminating oils from different Italian geographical areas of production and, in particular, from areas labelled with the ‘Denomination of Protected Origin’ (DOP). The NMR methodology, which uses the distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) pulse sequence for improving the signal‐to‐noise ratio of 13C spectra, is optimized for the acquisition, processing and integration parameters to validate the quantitative measurements of the intensities of 13C resonances of the whole olive oil spectrum. Principal components analysis, which is applied to the 13C intensity data, correlates the oil samples from the same geographical area provided the composition of the olive oil is monovarietal. The correlation is obtained from properties related to the fatty acid composition of the triglyceride fraction of olive oils. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Variable‐temperature high‐pressure investigation of the cobalt‐59 NMR spectroscopy of aqueous K3[Co(CN)6]
Authors: Gillies D. G. , Sutcliffe L. H. , Williams A. J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCobalt‐59 NMR measurements were made on an aqueous solution of K3[Co(CN)6] with pressure as the main variable. We determined the effect of temperature and pressure (up to 5 kbar) on (i) the cobalt‐59 chemical shift, (ii) the carbon–cobalt‐59 isotope shift, (iii) the cobalt‐59–carbon‐13 coupling constant and (iv) the cobalt‐59 spin–lattice relaxation time. The marked effects of temperature and pressure on the chemical shift can be attributed to changes in the cobalt–carbon bond distance and are consistent with a radius of 2.5 Å for the [Co(CN)6]3− ion. Analysis of the slightly non‐linear dependence of the chemical shift on pressure has, for the first time, allowed the dependence of (∂δ/∂p)T and (∂δ/∂T)p on temperature and pressure to be evaluated. For a given temperature change, the fractional change in (∂δ/∂p)T is independent of pressure and, for a given pressure change, independent of temperature. The ion is more compressible at high temperatures. The same explanation can be applied to the small effect of temperature on the carbon‐13 induced isotope shift and this has confirmed previous theoretical work. The lack of a pressure dependence for the cobalt‐59 spin–lattice relaxation time is attributed to a dominant quadrupolar mechanism arising from the motion of one or more water molecules in the solvent sheath surrounding the ion. This motion induces an electric field gradient at the cobalt nucleus. This conclusion is supported by nitrogen‐14 and carbon‐13 using {K3[Co(13CN)6]} NMR relaxation studies made at ambient pressure over a range of temperatures and at different radiofrequencies: these showed that, unlike the cobalt‐59 nucleus, these nuclei are relaxed by a molecular re‐orientational process. The nitrogen‐14 and carbon‐13 data independently provide values of 18 ps for τc at 298 K and 16 kJ mol−1 for the associated activation enthalpy for the re‐orientation of the [Co(CN)6]3− ion in water. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multinuclear magnetic resonance study of some imidovanadium complexes
Authors: Gudat Dietrich , Fischbeck Uwe , Tabellion Frank , Billen Martin , Preuss Fritz 
Published: August 2002

Abstract14N NMR studies were carried out for a series of mononuclear and dinuclear vanadium complexes with different types of nitrogen ligands (terminal and µ‐imido, amido, nitrido, amine). Some complexes containing ancillary phosphine moieties were also characterized by 31P NMR spectroscopy. The observed shieldings for terminal and bridging imido ligands are intermediate between those of nitrido and amido moieties, and the latter appear less shielded than coordinated tertiary amines. The ranges for individual ligand types are sufficiently resolved to allow the use of nitrogen chemical shifts as a structure assignment tool. The 14N NMR signals of terminal and bridging imido nitrogens displayed marked differences in their lineshapes which could be used as an additional criterion for signal assignment. Examination of substituent influences revealed the absence of a general parallelism between δ14N and δ51V, but gave evidence for parallel relationships between both quantities for complexes with formal 12VE and 16VE electron counts. Determination of 1J(51V,14N) and 1J(51V,31P) coupling constants in mononuclear complexes was feasible from simulation of 14N and 31P lineshapes and suggested that imido ligands exhibit generally greater couplings to vanadium than amido ligands. Analysis of the 31P {1H,14N} NMR spectrum allowed us to determine 2J(51V,31P) for the vanadacycle cyclo(tBuN—PC(tBu)—VCl3—). It was shown that both couplings can be employed for the acquisition of two‐dimensional 31P,51V shift correlations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of NMR spectroscopy to monitoring MELAS treatment: A case report
Authors: Möller Harald E. , Wiedermann Dirk , Kurlemann Gerhard , Hilbich Thorsten , Schuierer Gerhard 
Published: August 2002

Abstract1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the brain and 31P MRS and saturation transfer of resting skeletal muscle were used to investigate intracellular metabolites and fluxes through the creatine kinase (CK) reaction in a patient with the syndrome of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes (MELAS). Acute cortical lesions were characterized by severely elevated lactate levels and reduced concentrations of N‐acetylaspartyl compounds, glutamate, and myo‐inositol. Similar but less extreme alterations were also observed in gray matter regions that appeared normal on magnetic resonance images. Investigation of the gastrocnemius muscle at rest demonstrated a reduced phosphocreatine level, elevated concentrations of inorganic phosphate and free adenosine 5′‐diphosphate, and an abnormally low phosphorylation potential. Besides a moderately increased muscular phosphocreatine concentration, none of the metabolic disturbances detected on MRS improved with oral creatine supplementation. Forward and reverse fluxes through the CK reaction did not significantly change upon creatine treatment. Follow‐up MRS investigations may thus provide objective markers of treatment response in vivo without the hazards or inconvenience of biopsy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 000–000, 2002