bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new combination of pulsed radiofrequency and platelet-rich plasma injections for management of grade I lumbosacral spondylolisthesis: A prospective study
Authors: Le Viet-Thang , Bui Dung Tuan Hoang , Do Phuoc Trong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Our study aimed to investigate the clinical benefits of combining pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) techniques for treating chronic lumbosacral radicular (CLSR) pain resulting from grade I spondylolisthesis (G1SL). Ninety-six patients with CLSR pain between March 2021 and March 2023 were included in this study. Severity of pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, which measured 6.75 ± 0.98 before procedure and decreased to 3.35 ± 0.78, 3.17 ± 0.56 and 3.03 ± 0.57 at 1, 3 and 6 months after procedure, respectively. Disability-related radicular pain was evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, which was 75.84 ± 8.49 before procedure and reduced to 30.19 ± 5.19, 26.01 ± 3.91 and 24.27 ± 3.77 at 1, 3 and 6 months after procedure, respectively. These improvements were statistically significant compared to before procedure (all p < 0.05). The effect was assessed according to the modified MacNab criteria, with 67 cases classified as having an excellent treatment effect. Based on these findings, a new treatment combining PRF and PRP applications appears beneficial in managing pain in regenerative medicine. So, further clinical studies are necessary to support and validate our preliminary findings.
Effect of Finite Spatial and Temporal Resolutions on Super-resolution Particle Tracking Velocimetry for Pressure-driven Flow in a Nanochannel
Authors: Tanaka Minori , Saeki Yo , Hanasaki Itsuo , Kazoe Yutaka 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

With developments of nanofluidics, understanding the behavior of fluids confined in nanospaces becomes important. Particle tracking is an efficient approach, but in nanospaces, it often suffers from the finite temporal resolution causing the Brownian displacement of nanoparticles and the finite spatial resolution due to the decreased signal-to-noise ratio of nanoparticle images, both of which are factors that can cause artifacts. Therefore, in the present study, we simulated nanoparticle tracking velocimetry based on the particle dynamics given by the Langevin equation to evaluate the artifacts. The results revealed that for measurement of the velocity distribution of pressure-driven flow in a 400 nm nanochannel utilizing 60 nm tracer nanoparticles, high-speed (temporal resolution: Δt ≤ 360 µs) and super-resolution (spatial resolution: Δz ≤ 25 nm) measurement is required for errors less than 10%, while insufficient resolution causes an artifact that results in a flattened velocity distribution compared with the original flow profile. The proposed resolutions were experimentally verified by defocusing nanoparticle tracking velocimetry developed by our group. As the simulation predicted, at longer temporal resolution and larger spatial resolution, the measured nanoparticle velocity distribution in the nanochannel indicated a parabolic flow profile but became flattened because of the artifacts. In contrast, at measurement resolutions within the proposed range, the velocity distribution close to the profile given by the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, which was considered to be the actual flow profile, was successfully obtained. This work provides a guideline for nanoscale flow measurements and will accelerate the understanding of specific transport phenomena in nanospaces.
MTA and Koedam Score Contributes to Cognitive Impairment in Probable Alzheimer, Vascular and Mixed Dementia: A Memory Clinic Study in Indonesia
Authors: Susianti Noor Alia , Prodjohardjono Astuti , Vidyanti Amelia Nur , Setyaningsih Indarwati , Gofir Abdul , Setyaning Cempaka Thursina Srie , Effendy Christantie , Setyawan Nurhuda Hendra , Setyopranoto Ismail 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background. Medial Temporal Atrophy (MTA) and Parietal Atrophy (Koedam score) have been used in clinical practice to help the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. However, the role of this brain imaging marker in early detection of other type of dementia remains elusive. The study aims to investigate the association between MTA and Koedam scores with the cognitive function in dementia patients (Alzheimer, vascular and mixed dementia).
Method This was across-sectional study usingdata from a Memory Clinic in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data was collected from January 2020 until December 2022. We collected the data regarding demographic and clinical characteristics, including head MRI data and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score. The cut-off points of MTA score and Koedam score were determined by using Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) and Youden Index. Multivariate analysis was performed to investigate variables which were associated with the cognitive function.
Result From 61 dementia patients, 22.95% was probable Alzheimer’s disease, 59.01% was vascular dementia, and 18.03% was mixed dementia. Correlation test showed that MTA and Koedam score were negatively associated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Indonesian Version (MoCA-INA) score. A bivariate analysis supports the findings that patients with combination of MTA score ≥3 and Koedam score ≥2 was more likely to have poor cognitive function (OR= 11.33; p<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed higher MTA (≥3) and Koedam (≥2) scores were associated with poor cognitive function in dementia patients (OR= 13.54, 95% CI= 1.77-103.43, p=0.01 and OR= 5.52, 95% CI= 1.08-28.19, p=0.04)
Conclusion Higher MTA and Koedam score contribute to worse cognitive function in any type of dementia patients.
Effectiveness of Remdesivir for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Depending on the Severity of Respiratory Status: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in Japan
Authors: Yoshimoto Hidero , Yamakawa Kazuma , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Osawa Itsuki , Tagami Takashi , Endo Akira , Yamamoto Ryo , Hayakawa Mineji , Ogura Takayuki , Hirayama Atsushi , Yasunaga Hideo , Takasu Akira , Lee Sang-Woong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Remdesivir, approved for clinical use against COVID-19 worldwide, has varying effectiveness, depending on the respiratory failure status of patients. This retrospective observational study (the J- RECOVER) aimed to evaluate variations in remdesivir effectiveness by enrolling patients with COVID-19 from 64 institutions in Japan between January 1 and September 30, 2020. This study included patients aged ≥ 18 years who were administered with remdesivir within three days of admission. A total of 3,591 patients were eligible, and propensity score overlap weighting (OW) analysis was performed to compare in-hospital mortality as the primary outcome, depending on respiratory failure status, between the remdesivir-administered and control groups. The results exhibited the OW-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for mortality in overall cases (OR, 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.36–1.19), mild cases without supplemental oxygen (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01–1.03), moderate cases requiring supplemental oxygen (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.31–2.16), and severe cases requiring ventilation (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.28 − 2.17). Remdesivir treatment may reduce the risk of in-hospital mortality among patients with mild respiratory distress. Additionally, the subgroup analysis suggests that remdesivir treatment may improve mortality in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (P = 0.03).
Effectiveness of IoT and VR for Real-Time Teleoperation of Industrial Robots
Authors: Luu Toan , Nguyen Quang , Tran Thien , Tran Minh Quang , Ding Songlin , Kua Jonathan , Hoang Thuong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the early stages of the Industry 4.0 era, teleoperation with human involvement in manufacturing processes and robot operation remained important. The existing teleoperation technologies have limitations in providing operator with spatial awareness and initiative control mechanism, making their applications difficult in tasks with high complexity and precision. This study implements the advancements from the Internet of Things (IoT) and Virtual Reality (VR) technology to improve the real-time teleoperation for industrial robots. The proposed design utilizes the benefits of the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol in conjunction with a cloud broker, which has not been addressed significantly in previous studies for teleoperation. This setup enables the system to efficiently handle substantial amounts of data in short periods of time, allowing for an uninterrupted user experience while maintaining a consistent connection regardless of distance. Real-time robot control is accomplished by tracking the user's hand movements with a VR controller while providing the user with visual feedback from the VR environment. The incorporation of VR technology intends to improve the intuitiveness of controlling robot operations, provide more responsive feedback, and improve the quality of work performed by operators. Practical experiments are conducted with an industrial robot to observe the performance against the system under different internet conditions and different QoS setups. The evaluation criteria primarily concern latency and accuracy. The experiment aims to evaluate the effectiveness and scalability of the suggested system and to offer significant insight into its advantages and limitations relative to existing control system through systematic investigation.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Radiation Safety Precautions among Orthopedic Residents and Consultants in Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency and Trauma Hospital and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mulat Kalkidan Ayalew , Tsehaye Milkyas , Akalu Gizachew Taddesse , Kebede Mebratu Abraha , Abate Kumlachew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Fluoroscopy is widely used in orthopedic practice both for preoperative planning and operative interventions. Evidences show that there is increased risk of radiation exposure. It is reported that knowledge of radiation safety is very poor among orthopedic surgeons and residents. Junior residents and assistant surgeons are at higher risk for exposure than consultant surgeons. But still there has been also a significant gap in the knowledge, attitude and practice of orthopedic residents and surgeons towards radiation safety precautions.
Objective
to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of orthopedic residents and surgeons towards radiation safety precautions in Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency and Trauma Hospital, and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.
Methodology
Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 to march 2020. The sample size was 114 and all eligible populations were included. Data was collected by trained orthopedic residents. It was entered into EPI INFO 7, processed and analyzed by using SPSS version 23. Both descriptive and analytic statistics was used to assess the variables. The Likert scale with a score out of 5 will be used to assess some of the variables.
Result
A total of 114 study participants were included which makes of 96.8% of response rate. Just 57.0% of them were age of less than 30 years with mean (SD) age of 29.8 (± 3.3). The majority the participants that account 101 (88.6%) were male. Orthopedic residents were the majority that accounts 103 (90.4%) of the participants. Regarding to the outcome variables, 48.2%, 52.6% and 43.9% of the Orthopedic Residents and Consultants had poor knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practice about radiation safety respectively. Training exposure was one of the explanatory variable which showed a statistically significant association with attitude (AOR; 10.96 (95%CI; 2.90, 41.39).
Conclusion
around half of the study participants have low level of knowledge, negative attitude and poor practice of radiation safety precautions. Therefore, awareness creation about radiation safety precaution should be given through training or other possible educational approach for orthopedic residents and consultants. Training on radiation safety and prevention should be given for all orthopedic residents and consultants.
Assessing Geomorphological Changes in Coastal lagoon using Geospatial Tools: a case study Moulay Bousselham Lagoon, Moroccan Atlantic Coast
Authors: Chahid Nouhaila Erraji , Bouchkara Mohammed , Joudar Imane , Benazzouz Aïssa , Zourarah Bendahhou , Khalidi Khalid El 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aims to assess the morphodynamic changes undergone by an inlet, sandpits, and adjacent beaches of Moulay Bousselham lagoon (Morocco Atlantic coast), considered as a RAMSAR site of significant biodiversity. Firstly, a Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) is applied to monitor shoreline evolution for 72 years between 1949 and 2021, based on the EPR and LRR models, with the study area divided into south and north sides. Secondly, we mapped sandpit areas in the lagoon using recent satellite images and historical aerial photos within a GIS (Geographic Information System) environment. As a result, the average annual accretion rates on the north side, comprising 276 transects, are + 0.63 m/year (EPR) and + 0.55 m/year (LRR). Accretion is observed in 239 transects, while erosion is recorded in 37 transects. The south side, comprising 2211 transects, shows average annual erosion rates of -0.67 m/year (EPR) and − 0.82 m/year (LRR), with 1359 transects showing accretion and 872 transects indicating erosion. We show significant changes in the sandpit areas at the entrance and inside the lagoon, with the area of accumulation increasing from around 155662 m² in 1949 to 983823 m² in 2021. Accordingly, a Morphodynamical model is developed Based on the obtained results, which explains the main factors controlling the inlet evolution taking into account the dominant swell direction and energy. This article will help us to understand the relationship between the evolution of the coastline and its immediate influence on sediment supply to the lagoon.
TFRC, associated with hypoxia and immune, is a prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer
Authors: Tang Runhua , Wang Haoran , Liu Jianyong , Song Liuqi , Hou Huimin , Liu Ming , Wang Jianye , Wang Jianlong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Bladder cancer is a common malignancy of the urinary system, and the survival rate and recurrence rate of patients with muscular aggressive (MIBC) bladder cancer are not ideal. Hypoxia is a pathological process in which cells acquire special characteristics to adapt to anoxic environment, which can directly affect the proliferation, invasion and immune response of bladder cancer cells. Understanding the exact effects of hypoxia and immune-related genes in BLCA is helpful for early assessment of the prognosis of BLCA. However, the prognostic model of BLCA based on hypoxia and immune-related genes has not been reported.
Purpose
Hypoxia and immune cell have important role in the prognosis of bladder cancer (BLCA). The aim of this study was to investigate whether hypoxia and immune related genes could be a novel tools to predict the overall survival and immunotherapy of BLCA patients.
Methods
Firstly, we downloaded transcriptomic data and clinical information of BLCA patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. A combined hypoxia and immune signature was then constructed on the basis of the training cohort via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and validated in test cohort. Afterwards, Kaplan-Meier curves, univariate and multivariate Cox and subgroup analysis were employed to assess the accuracy of our signature. Immune cell infiltration, checkpoint and the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm were used to investigate the immune environment and immunotherapy of BLCA patients. Furthermore, we confirmed the role of TFRC in bladder cancer cell lines T24 and UMUC-3 through cell experiments.
Results
A combined hypoxia and immune signature containing 8 genes were successfully established. High-risk group in both training and test cohorts had significantly poorer OS than low-risk group. univariate and multivariate Cox analysis indicated our signature could be regarded as an independent prognostic factor. Different checkpoint was differently expressed between two groups, including CTLA4, HAVCR2, LAG3, PD-L1 and PDCD1. TIDE analysis indicated high-risk patients had poor response to immunotherapy and easier to have immune escape. The drug sensitivity analysis showed high-risk group patients were more potentially sensitive to many drugs. Meanwhile, TFRC could inhibit the proliferation and invasion ability of T24 and UMUC-3 cells.
Conclusion
A combined hypoxia and immune-related gene could be a novel predictive model for OS and immunotherapy estimation of BLCA patients and TFRC could be used as a potential therapeutic target in the future.
Long-term outcomes of gamma knife radiosurgery for cerebral cavernous malformations: 10 years and beyond
Authors: Myeong Ho Sung , Jeong Sang Soon , Kim Jung Hoon , Lee Jae Meen , Park Kwang Hyon , Park Kawngwoo , Park Hyun Joo , Park Hye Ran , Yoon Byung Woo , Lee Eun Jung , Kim Jin Wook , Chung Hyun Tai , Kim Dong Gyu , Paek Sun Ha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) for cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) in 79 adult patients (96 lesions) with a mean follow-up of 14 years. The annual hemorrhage rate (AHR) for total CCM decreased from 21.4% (pre-GKS) to 2.3% (> 10 years post-GKS). Brainstem CCM AHR decreased from 27.2% (pre-GKS) to 3.5% (> 10 years post-GKS). Among patients with focal neurologic deficit (n = 35), 74.3% recovered, and seizures were controlled in eight (61.5%) of 13 patients. Symptomatic adverse radiation effects occurred in 6.4% of patients, and no mortality was observed. Most lesions decreased in size on the last follow-up MRI. Previous hemorrhage history (HR: 8.38, 95% CI: 1.07–65.88; P = 0.043) and brainstem location (HR: 3.10, 95% CI: 1.26–7.64; P = 0.014) were significant risk factors for hemorrhage. GKS for CCM demonstrated favorable long-term outcomes, particularly in cases with a history of hemorrhage or brainstem location.
Profession of Forensic Medicine in India: Current scenario and way forward
Authors: K Karthi Vignesh Raj , Ransing Ramdas , Sethi Satyranjan , Devraj Nilesh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context:
Forensic Medicine and Toxicology/Forensic Medicine are among the subjects of the MBBS curriculum for undergraduates. Completing a postgraduate in this subject provides expertise in handling medicolegal cases.
Aims:
This study was conducted to determine the national and state-specific postgraduate trainee indices of FMT/FM subjects to highlight the postgraduate scenario of forensic medicine experts.
Settings and Design
This was a cross-sectional study.
Methods and Materials
On the official website of the National Medical Commission, data on postgraduate status in FMT/FM and postgraduate status in FMT/FM were obtained. The data available on this website through November 2023 were incorporated. The FMT/FM index was calculated at the national and state levels, and the states were graded based on the national FMT/FM index.
Results:
The national FMT/FM postgraduate trainee index was 0.054. Considering this value as a reference, the FMT/FM postgraduate trainee index had the highest grade (1.159 to 0.308), which was higher than that of the nation (0.054 but less than 0.308), lower than that of the nation (0.054 but higher than 0.00) and zero. Among all the states and UTs, Andaman and Nicobar, Arunachal Pradesh, Dadar and Nagar Haveli, J and K, Lakshadweep, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Ladakh have zero FMT/FM-PG indices due to the nonavailability of any postgraduate seats for FMT/FM. In addition, 20 states had FMT/FM-PG indices higher than India’s FMT/FM-PG indices, followed by Pondicherry (1.159), Chandigarh (0.429) and Goa (0.308).
Conclusion:
The choice of any field as a profession is influenced by factors such as demand, job opportunities, field saturation, and monetary gain. Even though the FMT/FM-PG reveals a reduced saturation of experts in a few states, students are not choosing this subject professionally due to a lack of opportunity. In addition, the FMT/FM-PG index is determined by the intake capacity of qualifying professionals and associates.
Recommendation:
Corrective actions must be implemented, such as a revamp of the forensic medicine and toxicology curriculum, departmental faculty strength, and an approach of interdepartmental, intersectoral superpresence in the topic, to obtain fresh forms of work opportunities.
RETRACTED: Parental Bonding in the Developmental Period and Pathological Narcissism Phenotypes: The Mediating Role of Attachment Anxiety and Shame
Authors: Shahhosseini Saeid , Taqanaki Changiz Rahimi , Mohammadi Noorullah , Aflakseir Abdolaziz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Genetic Associations and Functional Pathways in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analytic Insight into LRRK2 Mutation Impact
Authors: A.Olanrewaju John , Oche Ambrose George , Arietarhire Leviticus , Afolabi Tolu , Olugbogbi Ezekiel , Joseph Enya , Somerekun Oladimeji , Irewoluwa Joel , Dario Alessi , Fasimoye Rotimi , Sammler Esther 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with elusive pathophysiological mechanisms. Recent studies have highlighted the role of genetic variations and metabolic changes in PD progression.
Aim: This study aims to investigate the genetic disparities in PD, particularly focusing on LRRK2 mutations, and to analyze the associated metabolic pathway alterations.
Methodology: The study utilized R programming with MetaIntegrator for meta-analysis and ggplot2 for visualization. Datasets underwent preprocessing, and the MetaIntegrator package computed meta scores, effects, and ROC analysis. Differential gene expression and functional enrichment analyses provided insights into genetic associations and pathways in Parkinson's disease and LRRK2 mutations.
Results: Significant meta-score differences were observed in PD patients, especially in datasets GSE133347, GSE36321, and GSE100054, underscoring the impact of LRRK2 mutations. Genes like SKAP2 and IFNGR2 were significantly upregulated, implicating their role in neuroinflammation. Moreover, a shift in metabolic pathways, particularly carbohydrate kinase activity, was noted, indicating altered energy metabolism in PD cells.
Conclusion: The study reinforces the genetic heterogeneity of PD and highlights the potential therapeutic importance of targeting neuroinflammatory pathways and metabolic dysfunctions. These findings suggest new avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in PD management.