bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive impairment associated with adjuvant therapy in breast cancer
Authors: Bender Catherine M. , Sereika Susan M. , Berga Sarah L. , Vogel Victor G. , Brufsky Adam M. , Paraska Karen K. , Ryan Christopher M. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether cognitive function changes over time in women with breast cancer who received adjuvant therapy as compared to women with breast cancer who received no adjuvant therapy. Three groups of women (n=46) were studied; groups 1 and 2 consisted of women with stage I or II breast cancer. Group 1 received chemotherapy and group 2 received chemotherapy plus tamoxifen. Group 3 consisted of women with ductal carcinoma in situ who received no chemotherapy or tamoxifen. Cognitive function was evaluated at three timepoints. Time 1 occurred after surgery and before chemotherapy initiation in groups 1 and 2. Time 1 for group 3 occurred post‐surgery. Time 2 occurred within 1 week after the conclusion of chemotherapy for groups 1 and 2 and at a comparable time for group 3. Time 3 occurred 1 year after Time 2. Women who received chemotherapy plus tamoxifen exhibited deterioration on measures of visual memory and verbal working memory and reported more memory complaints. Women who received chemotherapy alone also exhibited deteriorations in verbal working memory. Conversely, cognitive function scores improved in women who received no therapy, indicating practice effects. In conclusion, adjuvant chemotherapy in women with breast cancer can be associated with deteriorations in memory and this may persist over time. The addition of tamoxifen may lead to more widespread memory deficits. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ab initio lattice relaxation and compensation mechanism for the lightly fluorine doped PbWO4
Authors: Tao Kun , Zhang Qiren , Liu Tingyu , Zhang Feiwu 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe lattice structure of lightly F–‐doped PbWO4 (F–:PWO) crystal is optimized within the framework of density functional theory. The lattice relaxation results demonstrate that the F– ion and two longer‐bond O2– ions shift towards VPb2–, while other O2– ions and cations Pb2+ and W6+ shift outwards. By analyzing the electronic structure of lightly F–:PWO crystals, the role of the F– in F–:PWO is revealed and it can also be concluded that the two longer‐bond O2– could share a hole forming a diatomic molecular ion O23–. Thus the VPb2– is completely compensated by a F– ion and a diatomic molecular ion O23–. Thus the doping of the F– ion could effectively restrict the formation of [O23––VPb–O23–] and weaken the 420 nm absorption band and improve the scintillation property of the PWO. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Exactly solvable combined potentials and their isospectral partners from SUSY
Authors: Peña J. J. , Romero‐Romo M. A. , Morales J. , López‐Bonilla J. L. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractIn some quantum chemical applications, the potential models are linear combination of single exactly solvable potentials. This is the case, for example, of the equivalent of the Stark effect for a charged harmonic oscillator (HO) in a constant electric field or an HO in an external dipole field. The same occurs with some molecular systems where the determination of the vibrational spectra remains essentially as a numerical task; the Morse and Hulthén potentials are convenient models for the potential energy of a diatomic molecule. In this work, the supersymmetry (SUSY) and shape invariance methods used to determine exactly solvable potentials are extended to obtain, in a closed form, the eigenvalues of exactly solvable combined potentials, as well as their isospectral or generalized partner potentials. Essentially, the proposal is based on the existence of the Witten superpotential [W(x)] associated with single exactly solvable potentials to find the Witten superpotential for the combined potential under study. For instance, the assumption of twoW(x) allows to obtain an exactly solvable combined potential which is given by a linear combination between the former potentials plus a term resulting from the product of the two singleW(x). The corresponding generalized partner potentials comes from the involved Riccati equation when the resulting Witten superpotential for the combined potential is taken as a specific solution. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Compartmental modeling and identifiability analysis in photophysics: Review
Authors: Boens Noël , Ameloot Marcel 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe main objective of this review is to show how the concepts of compartmental modeling can be introduced and applied in photophysics. The term “compartment” in a photophysical context is defined as a subsystem composed of a distinct type of species that acts kinetically in a unique way. Compartments can be divided into ground‐state and excited‐state compartments, depending on the state of the composing species. In photophysics, a compartmental system is perturbed by a light pulse (photo‐excitation), and its dynamics is followed via fluorescence within the time range from picoseconds to several hundred nanoseconds. In this review, we present the fluorescence δ‐response functions for compartmental systems consisting of one excited‐state compartment, two reversibly interconnected excited‐state compartments, and their corresponding ground‐state compartments. In deterministic identifiability, one investigates whether the parameters of a specific model can be uniquely defined, assuming perfect time‐resolved fluorescence data. The identifiability is presented for the model with one excited‐state compartment and three models of reversible intermolecular two‐state excited‐state processes in isotropic environments: (i) without external quencher, (ii) with added quencher, and (iii) with coupled species‐dependent rotational diffusion described by Brownian reorientation. The parameters that have to be identified are time‐invariant rate constants and parameters related to excitation and emission. The conditions under which the relevant parameters can be identified are discussed. For all models, the explicit relationships between the true and alternative model parameters are shown. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006
Chemical bonding, less screening, and Hund's rule revisited
Authors: Yamanaka S. , Koizumi K. , Kitagawa Y. , Kawakami T. , Okumura M. , Yamaguchi K. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe examine the origin of chemical bond and Hund's rule using ab initio wave function theory and density functional theory (DFT). Our computational examples demonstrate that, in contrast to Heitler–London (HL) theory, the nuclear attraction term plays important roles in formation of a chemical bond and in relative stabilities among atomic multiplets. Those results agree with the analyses of Rudenberg et al. and Pauncz et al. The electron correlation effects on the description of the density of H2 molecule are analyzed using CASCI methods and hybrid DFTs. We found that the internal and external correlations of CASCI yield different distortions of densities. It was also found that the Slater and Becke 88 exchange terms mimic roles of internal and external correlation of CASCIs respectively, yielding to the correlated densities of H2. The reliability of hybrid DFT partially relies on such imitating electron correlation features on a simple chemical bond via appropriate mixing parameters among functionals. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Solitary rectal ulcer: The place of biofeedback and surgery in the treatment of the syndrome
Authors: Binnie N. R. , Papachrysostomou Maria , Clare Nicola , Smith A. N. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThirty‐one patients with the solitary rectal ulcer syndrome were studied, the majority of whom presented with fresh blood per rectum and a rectal ulcer, mucorrhoea, or a varying degree of rectal prolapse. Fourteen patients were treated conservatively or with surgery and had a high rate of recurrence of the solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. Seventeen patients were treated with biofeedback for the associated obstructed defecation (anismus) either before or immediately after surgery with a lower recurrence rate. The final symptomatic cure rate was similar in both groups but 15 episodes of recurrence requiring further surgery were encountered in the non‐biofeedback group compared to 4 recurrences in the biofeedback group.
New diagnostic imaging in rectal cancer: Endosonography and immunoscintigraphy
Authors: Feifel Gernot , Hildebrandt Ulrich 
Published: August 2005

AbstractEndosonography of the rectum, combining the advantages of both endoscopy and sonography, provides information not at present available from other imaging modalities. It is remarkably accurate in the pre‐operative assessment of tumor penetration. In the evaluation of lymph nodes, the specificity and sensitivity is 83% and 72%, respectively. For the detection of local recurrence in asymptomatic patients promising results can be obtained. In contrast, the potential benefits of immunoscintigraphy in patients with rectal cancer have yet to be determined but preliminary results indicate that immunoscintigraphy in combination with endosonography may assist the surgeon in confirming or excluding the suspicion of recurrence.
Results of radical surgery for rectal cancer
Authors: Heald R. J. , Karanjia N. D. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis paper examines the hypothesis that a reduction in the distal mural margin during anterior resection for sphincter conservation in rectal cancer excision is safe, provided total mesorectal excision is undertaken with wash‐out of the clamped rectum. One hundred ninety‐two patients underwent anterior resection and 21 (<10%) patients underwent abdomino‐perineal excision (APE) by one surgeon (RJH). Anterior resections were classified as “curative” (79%) and “non‐curative” (21%); in the “curative” sub‐group <4% of patients developed local recurrence. The series was retrospectively analyzed for the effect of mural margins on local recurrence with 152 patients undergoing “curative” anterior resections and 40 patients undergoing “non‐curative” resections. In the 152 specimens from curative resections, 110 had a resection margin >1 cm and 42 had a resection margin <1 cm. Four patients developed local recurrence in the >1 cm margin group (95% confidence interval: 0.8%–7.8%) and no patients developed local recurrence in the ≤1 cm margin group (95% confidence interval: 0%–5.9%). In each patient with local recurrence a cause for failure was apparent. There was no statistically significant difference in local recurrence rate between the ≤1 cm margin group and the >1 cm margin group. A reduction in resection margin therefore did not compromise survival after anterior resection.The significance of lateral resection margins is discussed. The role of deep radiotherapy and cytotoxics are considered. However, in view of the low local recurrence rate that can be achieved by adequate surgery, it is the opinion of the author that radiotherapy and cytotoxics have little extra to offer in the management of cancer of the rectum treated by total mesorectal excision. Finally, the functional results following anterior resection and total mesorectal excision are analyzed and the refractory problem of anastomotic leakage is discussed.
Results of pouch surgery after ileo‐anal anastomosis: The implications of pouchitis
Authors: Fozard Basil J. , Pemberton John H. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe ileal pouch‐anal operation is the procedure of choice for those suitable patients requiring surgery for chronic ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis. The functional results are generally good but pouchitis remains a significant and poorly understood complication. This review encompasses factors relating to pouchitis, e.g., bacteriological, functional and histological changes, with emphasis on its biology and treatment, and the long‐term implications.
The medical effects of conventional weapons
Authors: Bellamy Ronald F. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe medical effects of weapons used in modern conventional warfare are, overwhelmingly, penetrating. Fragments from explosive munitions such as shells, rockets, and grenades are the predominate source of missiles, especially in high‐intensity war. Bullets from assault rifles and machine guns cause fewer casualties, except in counterinsurgency operations. The threat from penetrating missiles depends upon the part of the body that is struck and, to a lesser extent, upon the physical characteristics of the missile. The missile's mass and velocity determine its potential to do physical damage, but the extent to which this potential is realized depends upon diverse factors such as shape, construction, and stability. The American experience in the wars of this century indicate that approximately 20%–25% of all casualties died on the battlefield and are therefore classified askilled in action. Approximately 3%–5% die while receiving care, and thus are classified asdied of wounds. Wounds of the brain or heart and great vessels are the most common causes of death. Prevention of sepsis in soft‐tissue and orthopedic wounds is the major medical treatment problem in survivors. Since it determines the quality and quantity of combat casualty care, the single most important factor determining mortality or morbidity for combat casualties is the tactical situation.
The relationship of blast loading to death and injury from explosion
Authors: Mellor S. G. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractDeath and injury from explosion are becoming ever more frequent. In this study an attempt is made to relate the blast loading suffered by individual victims of explosions to the injuries sustained. It includes 828 servicemen killed or injured by explosions in Northern Ireland. Two hundred sixteen servicemen were killed, most of them before any assistance could be rendered. In those exposed to a higher blast loading, blast lung was common. Those exposed to lower blast loading died primarily of head injuries. Body armour was worn by 90% of the servicemen and probably reduced the number of fatal secondary missile injuries.
Irradiated trauma victims: The impact of ionizing radiation on surgical considerations following a nuclear mishap
Authors: Hirsch Erwin F. , Bowers Gary J. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe combination of conventional traumatic injuries and radiation exposure has synergistic consequences, the full extent of which may take days to weeks to become apparent. Our understanding of such is derived from a variety of laboratory and clinical scenarios involving both therapeutic and accidental exposures. When presented with such an individual one must discern whether the victim has been bodily contaminated versus exposed to a source or both. The former will necessitate decontamination procedures which may be as simple as declothing and showering the individual. Simply removing the victim from the source will suffice to halt further radiation induced injury. In the vast majority of cases basic life support and other emergency medical procedures should be expeditiously instituted as warranted and without fear of personal hazard for health care teams. Following stabilization, further medical/surgical support must be predicated upon the extent of the radiation injury with the circulating absolute lymphocyte count serving as both a reliable and readily accessible indicator of the degree of underlying radiation injury. As radiation has profound consequences on immune and wound healing systems, therapies must be tempered by an understanding of the impact of radiation upon these systems. Overall, the consequences of irradiation injury will be the potential for an exacerbation of the effects of conventional traumatic injuries with a higher than expected morbidity and mortality.
Advances in treatment of vascular injuries from blunt and penetrating limb trauma
Authors: Russell Martin R. , Mattox Kenneth L. , Burch Jon M. , Richardson Robert J. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractMilitary and civilian experience has contributed to the current state of the art in management of extremity vascular injuries. Thorough physical examination and judicious use of emergency center arteriography and formal arteriography provide means for prompt diagnosis and treatment which is critical is limb loss and disability are to be avoided. Prosthetic graft material has provided an alternative to vein grafting in many circumstances for arterial and venous injuries. Compartment syndrome should be anticipated when an ischemic extremity is revascularized and fasciotomy should be used liberally. Vascular repairs are the first priority in extremity wounds, but associated injuries to bones, joints, soft tissues, and nerves are often critical determinants of rehabilitation once blood supply has been re‐established. The best results are obtained when a multidisciplinary approach is used combining expertise in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, and plastic surgery.
A new technique for the resection of gastric cancer: Modified appleby procedure with reconstruction of hepatic artery
Authors: Takenaka Hiroaki , Iwase Kazuhiro , Ohshima Senya , Hiranaka Toshivuki 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe Appleby operation allows resection of gastric cancer with lymph nodes around the stomach and celiac axisen bloc. Hepatic arterial blood flow after resection of the celiac axis is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery. In some patients, however, hepatic arterial flow becomes decreased after resection of the celiac axis. This abrupt reduction of hepatic arterial blood flow sometimes causes postoperative complications such as severe liver dysfunction or gallbladder necrosis. To prevent the reduction of hepatic arterial blood flow and to perform the Appleby operation more safely, we modified the Appleby operation to include reconstruction of the hepatic artery. We found that after dissection of lymph nodes around the hepatoduodenal ligament, the proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery can be well mobilized and it becomes possible to anastomose the celiac axis to the common hepatic artery directly without using anticoagulants.From May, 1989 to November, 1990, 15 patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent the modified Appleby procedure at Kinan General Hospital. Postoperatively, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined for evaluation of liver function. These levels were almost the same as those found after traditional total gastrectomy without resection of the celiac axis. Indocyanine green (ICG) clearance tests were performed before and 1 month after operation. There was no significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative values. Common hepatic arterial flow after celiacohepatic anastomosis was 390 ml/min on average. The modified Appleby procedure can be done quite safely.
Treatment of cystic lesions of the thyroid by ethanol instillation
Authors: Yasuda Kentaro , Ozaki Osamu , Sugino Kiminori , Yamashita Tomoyuki , Toshima Koji , Ito Kunihiko , Harada Tanekazu 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe analyzed the results of ethanol sclerotherapy in 61 patients with cystic thyroid lesions which recurred after aspiration. Cytologic study showed all of the lesions to be benign. The patients were followed clinically and ultrasonically 1 month and 6 or more months after treatment. If the cystic lesions recurred, repeated treatment was offered. During the follow‐up, 36 (59.0%) patients experienced no recurrence after the initial treatment and 5 (8.2%) patients received treatments 2 or more additional times. In 44 (72.1%) of the 61 patients, the cystic lesion almost disappeared or decreased in size, but in 17 (27.9%) patients it did not decrease. Four patients underwent surgery after the ethanol sclerotherapy. Although no severe complications were observed, there were complaints of slight pain in 12 patients, severe pain in 1 patient, and a drunken feeling in 1 patient. We consider instillation of ethanol into recurrent cystic lesions of the thyroid to be a simple, safe, economical, and effective treatment.
Comparison of topical hemostatic agents in elective hepatic resection: A clinical prospective randomized trial
Authors: Kohno Hitoshi , Nagasue Naofumi , Chang Yu‐Chung , Taniura Hiroyuki , Yamanoi Akira , Nakamura Teruhisa 
Published: August 2005

AbstractTo compare the difference in efficacy of microcrystalline collagen powder (CL) and fibrin glue (FG) in elective hepatic resection, 62 patients (female 14, male 48) with ages ranging from 51 to 75 years were randomly allocated to receive either CL or FG as a topical agent during hepatectomy. There were no significant differences between the patients treated with CL (n=31) and those treated with FG (n=31) regarding sex, age, liver function, coagulation function, platelet counts, type of liver resection, and operative duration. A dry cut surface of the liver was obtained during surgery in 27 (87%) patients and 25 (81%) patients treated with CL and FG, respectively. Both CL and FG showed similar hemostatic effects. The CL and FG groups were not different in terms of postoperative rebleeding, bile leakage, or morbidity and mortality rates (6% vs. 6%, 6% vs. 6%, 45% vs. 39%, and 13% vs. 10%, respectively). Of the 52 patients with a dry cut surface of the liver during surgery, 3 patients in the CL group encountered rebleeding (n=1) or bile leakage (n=2) from the cut surface postoperatively, while no such complications were noted in the FG group. The results seem to favor FG for reliability in the postoperative period. The application of CL or FG may be better performed with consideration of the characteristics of each agent.
Endoscopic subfascial sectioning of incompetent perforating veins in treatment of primary varicosis
Authors: Jugenheimer M. , Junginger Th. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSubfascial elimination of incompetent perforating veins is the most effective therapeutic principle in the treatment of trophic skin disorders associated with varicosis. A recently developed endoscopic technique allows accurate sectioning of perforating veins with direct observation of the veins and minor trauma. From November 1986 to July 1991 endoscopic sectioning of perforating veins was performed in 72 patients (103 legs). The most frequently transected perforating veins were Cockett's veins (n=219), 24 cm perforating veins (n=83), and Boyd's perforating veins (n=82). Postoperative delayed wound healing was observed in 3 (2.9%) legs with pronounced trophic skin disorders in the lower extremities. Two patients complained of dysesthesia in the area of distribution of the sural nerve. Further complications recorded were extended subcutaneous hematoma in 6 (5.8%) legs and postoperative dysesthesia in the area of distribution of the saphenous nerve in 10 (9.7%) legs. At follow‐up examination (mean 27 months postoperatively) clinical investigation and Doppler sonography showed newly formed incompetent perforating veins in only 2 lower legs. Radiography at follow‐up revealed one incompetent Dodd's perforating vein in 1 leg, which was the starting point of pronounced recurrent varicosis in the lower leg. After an average follow‐up of >2 years, we recorded the occurrence of new varices in 9 lower legs. Staging of chronic venous incompetence showed an upward trend ranging from change to a more favorable stage to complete cure. Findings were unchanged in only 10% of the patients. There was no case of postoperative aggravation.