bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recombinant VAR2CSA malaria protein-targeted exosome-mediated DACT2 gene therapy for effective glioma treatment
Authors: Xu Jiaming , Zhang Jie , Li Qifeng 
Published: November 2023

A good non-viral vector is the key to the success of gene delivery and therapy; hence, modified exosomes may overcome the physiological barrier in the delivery in vivo. This study aims to design a novel non-viral vector and verify its gene delivery function in vitro and in vivo for dapper homolog 2 (DACT2) genes. In this study, amphipathicity cationic exosomes with receptor targeted function and DACT2 gene loading function were constructed by exosomes, PEG, glycidyl hexadecyl dimethylammonium chloride, and recombinant VAR2CSA malaria protein (RVP) antibody. Characterizations of RVP antibody and PEG modified cationic lipid exosome (RVP-CL) nanocomplexes were evaluated by dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, FTIR, and so on. The DNA condensation ability and stability were assessed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Cellular uptake efficiency and cytotoxicity in glioma cells were investigated. Furthermore, the tumor suppressive effect was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that RVP-CL had a uniform size of 100–200 nm and positive zeta potential. With high uptake efficiency, RVP-CL can rapidly target, recognize, and enter the glioma cell (KNS-42 and U118 mg) and release the gene. Moreover, RVP-CL/DACT2 can effectively inhibit the growth of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. The modified cationic exosomes may offer a promising strategy for gene delivery in the treatment of RVP-positive gliomas or other tumors.
Reimagining language
Authors: Rasenberg Marlou , Amha Azeb , Coler Matt , van Koppen Marjo , van Miltenburg Emiel , de Rijk Lynn , Stommel Wyke , Dingemanse Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What is language and who or what can be said to have it? In this essay we consider this question in the context of
interactions with non-humans, specifically: animals and computers. While perhaps an odd pairing at first glance, here we argue
that these domains can offer contrasting perspectives through which we can explore and reimagine language. The interactions between humans and animals, as well as between humans and computers, reveal both the essence and the boundaries of language: from examining the role of sequence and
contingency in human-animal interaction, to unravelling the challenges of natural interactions with “smart” speakers and language
models. By bringing together disparate fields around foundational questions, we push the boundaries of linguistic inquiry
and uncover new insights into what language is and how it functions in diverse non-human-exclusive contexts.
Dosimetric characterization of double network Fricke hydrogel based on PVA-GTA and phenylalanine peptide derivative
Authors: Gallo Salvatore , Locarno Silvia , Brambilla Elisa , Lenardi Cristina , Pignoli Emanuele , Veronese Ivan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A double network hydrogel based on Poly(vinyl-alcohol) (PVA) cross-linked with Glutaraldehyde (GTA) was recently developed by using self-assembling phenylalanine (Phe) peptide derivative (Fmoc-Phe-Phe-OMe), with the aim to improve the mechanical-elastic properties of PVA-GTA hydrogels. In this study, a characterization of the properties of Xylenol Orange based Fricke gel dosimeters obtained by infusing a Fricke solution into the double network hydrogel was performed. The gel dosimeters were irradiated with 6 MV and 15 MV X-rays produced by a medical linear accelerator and investigated by means optical absorbance measurements. The double network hydrogel formulation maintained a satisfactory level of radiological water-equivalence within the investigated radiotherapy range. Fricke gel dosimeters prepared with such network kept the desired properties of independence of the response of the dose rate and energy in the investigated intervals. Furthermore, the addition of self-assembling Phe peptide derivative proved not avoid the motion of radio-inducted ferric ions into the hydrogel, probably maintaining the main characteristics of the standard, no Phe peptide infused, formulation. The time course of formation of the optical response after the irradiation was observed to be similar to what previously measured in traditional PVA-GTA Fricke gel dosimeters, while a decrease of the sensitivity to radiation dose of the order of 30% was found. The extent of the decrease does not seem such as to impair the use of these dosimeters for evaluation of doses typical of radiation therapy applications. The overall dosimetric properties, coupled with the mechanical-elastic characteristics of the double network hydrogel, pave theway to the development of phantoms able both to mimic the deformation of organs possibly occurring during radiotherapy treatments and at the same time to assess the 3D dose distribution within such volumes.
Giant quantum oscillations of acoustoelectric current in narrow graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Margulis Vl A , Muryumin E E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A theory is presented for the acoustoelectric (AE) effect in narrow graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) deposited on a piezoelectric substrate when a surface acoustic wave (SAW) is launched onto the surface of the piezoelectric. It is assumed that the electron density in such GNRs can be controlled by applying an external gate voltage, and the acoustic wavelength is much smaller than the mean free path of electrons, so that the quantum mode of interaction of those electrons with the SAW in realized. Using the kinetic theory approach, we calculate the AE current flowing through the GNR sample and arising as a result of momentum transfer from coherent SAW phonons to conduction electrons. It is shown that size quantization of the electron energy spectrum in narrow GNRs leads to giant periodic oscillations of the AE current with a change in the gate voltage. AE current surges occur whenever the Fermi level, rising with increasing gate voltage, crosses in turn the bottom of each of the successive size-quantized electron energy subbands. The oscillations predicted are giant in the sense that the maximum values of the current exceed its minimum values by at least an order of magnitude, and they can be observed in narrow GNRs

∼

10

nm wide even at room temperature.
Experimental and numerical characterization of timing jitter for short electron beams in a linear photo-injector
Authors: Giannetti G , Anania M P , Bellaveglia M , Chiadroni E , Cianchi A , Del Dotto A , Galletti M , Gallo A , Giribono A , Piersanti L , Pompili R , Romeo S , Serenellini B , Tocci S , Vaccarezza C , Villa F , Ferrario M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In modern particle accelerators involving short (few hundreds of fs or less) photon and particle beams, a crucial requirement is the arrival timing jitter and its modeling, taking into account different noise sources. This paper considers the arrival timing jitter of an electron beam measured at the SPARC_LAB photo-injector test facility (INFN-LNF, Frascati) and studies how the different jitter sources impact on the beam arrival time, considering three velocity bunching machine working points (WPs). This study includes the development of a first order mathematical model that describes the jitter contributions, the PIC code simulations for the machine WP description and experimental data acquired in a dedicated run at SPARC_LAB to benchmark both the proposed model and simulations.
Arctic-boreal lakes of interior Alaska dominated by contemporary carbon
Authors: Garcia-Tigreros Fenix , Elder Clayton D , Kurek Martin R , Miller Benjamin L , Xu Xiaomei , Wickland Kimberly P , Czimczik Claudia I , Dornblaser Mark M , Striegl Robert G , Kyzivat Ethan D , Smith Laurence C , Spencer Robert G M , Miller Charles E , Butman David E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Northern high-latitude lakes are critical sites for carbon processing and serve as potential conduits for the emission of permafrost-derived carbon and greenhouse gases. However, the fate and emission pathways of permafrost carbon in these systems remain uncertain. Here, we used the natural abundance of radiocarbon to identify and trace the predominant sources of methane, carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic and organic carbon in nine lakes within the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge in interior Alaska, a discontinuous permafrost region with high landscape heterogeneity and susceptibility to climate, permafrost, and hydrological changes. We find that although Yukon Flats lakes primarily process young carbon (modern to 1290 ± 60 years before present), permafrost-derived carbon is present in some of the sampled lakes and contributes, at most, 30 ± 10% of the dissolved carbon in lake surface waters. Apportionment of young carbon and legacy carbon (carbon with radiocarbon age ⩾5000 years before present) is decoupled among the dissolved inorganic and organic carbon species, with methane showing a stronger legacy signature. Our observations suggest that permafrost-thaw-related transport of carbon through Yukon Flats lacustrine ecosystems and into the atmosphere is small, and likely regulated by surficial sediments, permafrost distribution, wildfire occurrence, or masked by contemporary carbon processes. The heterogeneity of lakes across our study area and northern landscapes more broadly cautions against using any one region (e.g. Yedoma permafrost lakes) to upscale their contribution across the pan-Arctic.
Justification of an acceptable modern energy-efficient method of obtaining sodium silicate for production in Kazakhstan
Authors: Yelemessov K K , Baskanbayeva D D , Sabirova L B , Akhmetova Sh D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sodium silicate is used in various industries. Sodium silicate is a basic component in the production of silicate adhesives and paints, silica gel, welding electrodes, corrugated packaging, and geopolymer concretes and cements. All this is currently not produced in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article discusses the methods of production of sodium silicate and substantiates the possibility of organizing production in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors have studied all the available experience in the production of sodium silicate, both now and in the past. At this stage of the research, an analysis was made of the experience in the production of serial and pilot sodium silicate in the USSR in the past and in countries where development has not been suspended at the present time. All possible sources of raw materials of technogenic and natural origin were studied. Business trips and expeditions to natural deposits were carried out and samples of raw materials from various natural and man-made sources were delivered. Studies have been carried out to determine the available volumes of raw materials. Various technologies for melting sodium silicate have been studied, incl. by unconventional schemes, such as smelting in cyclone furnaces. For melting in electric furnaces, various schemes of energy-saving methods for melting sodium silicate were analyzed. Promising ones have been identified. The following types of sodium silicate production were analyzed in the study: traditional smelting (carbonate method), wet method, sodium chloride sublimation method, sulfate method, cullet smelting. The optimal variant has been chosen, which makes it possible to reduce the cost of electricity by several times when introducing a highly efficient innovative technology of electric melting into practice.
Sustainable performance of alkali-activated blast furnace cement concrete with high freeze-thaw resistance
Authors: Krivenko P , Rudenko I , Konstantynovskyi O , Razsamakin A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The application of blast furnace cements with minor clinker constituent is an actual task due to their conformity with modern tendencies of sustainable development. The alkali metal compounds were proposed to increase activity of CEM III/C. The aim of the research was to investigate the effects of technological factors on porous structure of alkali-activated blast furnace cement concrete (further, AABFC concrete) to ensure its sustainable performance by criterium of freeze-thaw resistance in NaCl solution. The effects of fresh concrete consistency, aggregate state of alkaline component and curing conditions on sustainability of AABFC concrete were investigated. Increasing of fresh concrete consistency from class S1 up to class S4 due to chemical plasticization as well as application of alkaline component in dry form, in contrast to liquid form, ensures negative changes in porous structure of AABFC concrete. These changes cause decreasing of freeze-thaw resistance from mark F500 down to F200. It was revealed that hardening of plasticized AABFC concrete under normal conditions (t = 20±2 ° C, RH = 95±5%), compared with hardening in water or under steam curing (t = 85±5 ° C), ensures more effective porous structure which causes maintained freeze-thaw resistance of F300 in contrast to F200 and F250 agreeable.
Design and researching of biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials modified by humic acid
Authors: Lebedeva K O , Cherkashina A M , Tykhomyrova T S , Savchenko D O , Lebedev V V 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin, sodium alginate, modified by humic acids, were designed and researched. Literature review was carried out and it was proved that humic acids using is perspective for the functional effect on the biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal properties. It has been found that effective processes for receiving biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin, hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium alginate can be carried out in different humic acids concentration while achieving an effective increase in hydrogel polymers structuring processes. It can be seen efficiently increasing biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate conditional viscosity and the specific electrical conductivity with an increase of humic acids content: from 114 to 135 sec and from 2350 to 2850 mkS/cm, respectively. Humic acids modification in biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate caused structure formation with high density, and resistance and with larger agglomerates in hydrogels. It was found that the gelatin-based biopolymer hydrogels modification by humic acids makes it possible to receive biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials with higher swelling degree. It is shown that the application of new biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate modified by humic acids allows improving the skin moisture-lipid balance. From the initial values of 34-36% moisture and 8-10 skin fat, they increase to 58-66% and 52-60%. So, designed polymer hydrogel based on gelatin, sodium alginate, modified by humic acids, are transdermal materials with good properties.
Biocenotic influence of the great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo L.) in the Azov-Black sea region of Ukraine
Authors: Sydorenko A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo L.) is a bird species that, due to the peculiarities of its biology, can significantly affect the natural environment. First of all, due to the fact that the species is an obligate ichthyophage and feeds exclusively on fish (causing, in some places, quite significant damage to both the fishery and the natural fish resources of the seas), a large amount of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds accumulates in its feces. Because of this, the caustic excrements of cormorants have a detrimental effect on herbaceous and woody vegetation in the colonies of this species, near them, as well as in the resting places of the birds. Considering the fact that the nesting colonies of the great cormorant can be quite numerous, reaching tens of thousands of nests (such as the settlement on the Obytichna spit in the Berdyansk district of the Zaporizhzhia region), the impact is observed to be very significant. At the same time, tree vegetation suffers from mechanical damage during the construction of nests, and trees die after 2-3 years. Another type of influence of cormorants is their interaction with other bird species in nesting areas. The high number of cormorants leads to a reduction in the number of some other bird species, the impoverishment of nesting bird complexes (herons, terns); in the conditions of a shortage of nesting sites on the islands, only (Larus cachinnans can nest together with the great cormorant (with its high number). We observed a similar situation in most nesting settlements of the species.
Biodiversity assessment of the Danube region as a tool for the development of protected areas in the region
Authors: Vynokurova S , Yakovliev M , Voloshkevich O , Haidash O , Demchenko V 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper uses the method of geospatial biodiversity assessment in the Danube region based on an expert evaluation of the distribution of species richness of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. The 10-point grading scale was used to evaluate the number of species in 200 sample plots of the study region. Points from 1 to 10 were separately calculated for the species in each taxonomic group. The analysis showed a close relationship between the Lower Danube floodplain and the small steppe river basins, which together make up a single natural region. A practical testing of the geospatial assessment of the species richness was done for the first time in the Danube region. An important applied result of the research is the opportunity to assess missing elements in the environmental network of the region. This approach will justify the need to designate various types of protected areas, both at the national level (natural reserves) and at the international level (the Emerald network sites and wetlands). The areas could further be used to develop a unified ecological framework, thus contributing to the protection of rare and endangered species of the region.
Impact of mini-hydropower on the chemical composition of water and phytoplankton of the reservoirs of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Mytiai I S , Khomych V V , Degtyarenko E V , Shevchenko P H , Martiusheva O O 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The peculiarities of the transformation of river ecosystems in the reservoir at the construction of mini-hydropower plants have been found out. It was also found that the large-scale hydraulic engineering in the second half of the XX century caused significant changes in environmental conditions in the waterbodies, which has led to negative dynamics of species richness of aquatic organisms in general and phytoplankton in particular. Reservoir building has a significant negative impact on river ecosystems: currents slow down and disappear, canals become silted up, harmful substances of household and industrial waste gradually accumulate. The transformation of rivers into lake-type reservoirs is also accompanied by changes in the species composition and structure of phytoplankton. Eutrophication of reservoirs becomes typical. All this leads to significant degradation in aquatic ecosystems.
Research on the application of on-board energy storage on an electric locomotive for quarry railway transport
Authors: Kondratieva L Yu , Overianova L V , Riabov Ie S , Yeritsyan B Kh , Goolak S O 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Methods of using on-board energy storage system on rolling stock are considered. Their use ensures a reduction in energy consumption and reduces the impact on the environment. Concepts of managing energy flows in the traction system of an electric rolling stock equipped with onboard energy storage systems are considered. It is proposed to apply the concept of control on an electric locomotive for quarry railway transport, which consists in reducing the current consumption from the traction network during the acceleration of the rolling stock and compensating the power during movement with the lowest voltage on the current receiver. For the selected control concept, a simulation of the train movement on the test section was carried out while varying the value of the limit current consumed by the electric locomotive from the traction network. The power of the energy storage device and its working energy capacity is determined. Based on the results of the study, it is justified to limit the current consumed by the electric locomotive of the traction network at the level of 600 A.
Electricity consumption simulation using random coefficient periodic autoregressive model
Authors: Scherbak L M , Fryz M Ye , Hotovych V A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The concept of a continuous-time conditional linear random process involves a random kernel being integrated stochastically by a process with independent increments, which is often called a “generative process”. In cases where the “generative process” is Poisson, the resulting model represents an investigated signal as a sum of numerous stochastically dependent random impulses each of which occurs according to some inhomogeneous Poisson arrival process. This model can be applied to represent various processes related to energy consumption, such as electricity loads of electrical power systems, gas and water consumption, and other energy resources, while also considering the signals’ cyclostationarity, which is usually caused by the rhythmic nature of consumer behaviour. A member of the discretetime conditional linear cyclostationary random processes class is the random coefficient periodic autoregressive (RCPAR) model, which is appropriate for use in energy informatics, including estimation, forecasting, and computer simulation purposes. The primary objective of the paper is to establish a procedure for simulating the hourly electricity consumption of small and medium-sized enterprises using the RCPAR model, which has periodic parameters and creates cyclostationary properties while also accounting for the investigated process conditional heteroscedasticity. The statistical estimation step of the proposed procedure uses the general methodology for estimating the parameters of the RCPAR model and the methods of statistical analysis of cyclostationary signals. This step is used to identify the simulation characteristics. The simulation step is based on the methods of cyclostationary white noise generation and its transformation by a digital linear filter with random parameters. The last ones are obtained using the Gaussian random vectors computer simulation methods, taking into account the cyclostaionarity property.