bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fashioning Persian Identity: Asadi’s Staged Dispute between a Zoroastrian and a Muslim
Authors: Seyed-Gohrab Asghar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper focuses on the earliest surviving specimens of Persian debate poetry (monāzara), a genre which deals with controversial topics such as the Persians’ supremacy over the Arabs or the superiority of Islam over Zoroastrianism. Focusing on one panegyric by the poet Asadi Tusi (1010–70), this paper contextualizes such debates in a cultural milieu of eleventh-century Persia. It shows how poets, as an indispensable part of the court hierarchy, participated in constructing a new identity for Persians by formulating a Persian standpoint on controversies of the day.
Developing a person-centred care environment aiming to enhance the autonomy of nursing home residents with physical impairments, a descriptive study
Authors: van Loon Jolande , Janssen Meriam , Janssen Bienke , de Rooij Ietje , Luijkx Katrien 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Enhancing autonomy is important within the context of the care environment in nursing homes. A nursing home is a place for older adults with physical impairments, who need assistance, to live and where staff work who help them to exercise autonomy. Previous research shows that older adults and staff are influenced by the care environment to apply autonomy-enhancing activities. Therefore, organisational policies regarding the care environment seem promising for enhancing autonomy. The aim is to gain a deeper insight into the development and implementation of organisational policies aimed to enhance the autonomy of older adults with physical impairments.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive design was chosen, using two methods. A document study was conducted on the policies, plans and proceedings in two care organisations. Moreover, interviews were conducted with 17 stakeholders involved in the policies, such as managers and members of the client council. The fragments of the 137 documents and 17 verbatim transcripts were coded and deductively categorised into the seven aspects (i.e., power-sharing, supportive organisational systems, appropriate skill mix, potential for innovation and risk-taking, the physical environment, effective staff relationships and shared decision-making systems) of the key domain care environment, as defined in the person-centred practice (PCP) framework developed by McCormack and McCance.

Results
The aspect of power-sharing was used the most in the policies of the two participating organisations. The organisations expected much from the implementation of indirect interventions, such as access to the electronic care plan for residents and the development of staff towards self-managing teams. Less attention was paid to interventions in the physical environment, such as the interior of the building and privacy, and the collaboration processes between staff.

Conclusions
The PCP framework poses that all aspects of the key domain care environment are important to develop a person-centred practice. This is not yet the case in practice and the authors therefore recommend using all seven aspects of the care environment in a balanced combination with the other key domains of the PCP framework to achieve person-centred practice and as a result the enhancement of the autonomy of nursing home residents with physical impairments.
The value of a dual-energy CT Iodine map radiomics model for the prediction of collagen fiber content in the ccRCC tumor microenvironment
Authors: Li Zhongyuan , Wang Ning , Bing Xue , Li Yuhan , Yao Jian , Li Ruobing , Ouyang Aimei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous group of cancers. The collagen fiber content in the tumor microenvironment of renal cancer has an important role in tumor progression and prognosis. A radiomics model was developed from dual-energy CT iodine maps to assess collagen fiber content in the tumor microenvironment of ccRCC.

Methods
A total of 87 patients with ccRCC admitted to our hospital were included in this retrospective study. Among them, 59 cases contained large amounts of collagen fibers and 28 cases contained a small amount of collagen fibers. We established a radiomics model using preoperative dual-energy CT scan Iodine map (IV) imaging to distinguish patients with multiple collagen fibers from those with few collagen fibers in the tumor microenvironment of ccRCC. We extracted features from dual-energy CT Iodine map images to evaluate the effects of six classifiers, namely k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), and decision tree (DT). The effects of the models built based on the dynamic and venous phases are also compared. Model performance was evaluated using quintuple cross-validation and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). In addition, a clinical model was developed to assess the clinical factors affecting collagen fiber content.

Results
Compared to KNN, SVM, and LR classifiers, RF, DT, and XGBoost classifiers trained with higher AUC values, with training sets of 0.997, 1.0, and 1.0, respectively. In the validation set, the highest AUC was found in the SVM classifier with a size of 0.722. In the comparative test of the active and intravenous phase models, the SVM classifier had the best effect with its validation set AUC of 0.698 and 0.741. In addition, there was a statistically significant effect of patient age and maximum tumor diameter on the collagen fiber content in the tumor microenvironment of kidney cancer.

Conclusion
Radionics features based on preoperative dual-energy CT IV can be used to predict the amount of collagen fibers in the tumor microenvironment of renal cancer. This study better informs clinical prognosis and patient management. Iodograms may add additional value to dual-energy CTs.
Corneal characteristics of Mongolian population with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy in inner Mongolia, China: an assessment using corneal confocal microscopy
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zhu Lei , Liang Xiuwen , Li Yue , Sun Guotong , Hu Ji , Zhang Honghong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
To quantify corneal nerve fiber parameters in a Mongolian population with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) by corneal confocal microscopy.

Methods
This study conducted a comprehensive evaluation of 114 participants from Hulunbuir between January 2020 and December 2021. The participants included healthy controls, Mongolian and Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Demographic, medical, and laboratory data were collected, and neuropathy was evaluated by confocal corneal microscopy. And compare various parameters between Han and Mongolian were performed using SPSS software.

Results
The average waist circumference of Mongolian diabetic patients was larger than that of Han diabetic patients (P < 0.05). The mean HbA1c of Mongolian was 9.30 (8.15, 10.30) %, and that of Han was 8.30 (7.20, 9.40) % (P = 0.023). The average values of Corneal Nerve Fiber Density (CNFD), Corneal Nerve Fiber Length (CNFL) and corneal nerve branch density (CNBD) in Mongolian diabetic patients were significantly lower than those in Han diabetic patients (P < 0.05). The correlation coefficient between CNFL and age was − 0.368. ROC results show that CNBD has a certain diagnostic value for DPN in Mongolian patients with type 2 diabetes and the optimal cut-off point value is 24.99(no./mm2), the sensitivity is 80.0%, and the specificity is 77.8%.

Conclusion
The corneal confocal microscopy could possibly represent a promising adjuvant technique for the early diagnosis and assessment of PDN in Mongolian T2DM patients.
The role of imaginary companion in the life of only children: a qualitative study
Authors: Panah Zahra Yazdi , Mahmoodabadi Hassan Zareei , Dehghani Fahimeh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
An imaginary companion is an invisible or personified entity created by children for themselves. An imaginary companion typically serves as a companion to the child and plays a significant role in their life, especially for only children who may experience more loneliness compared to other children. This research was conducted to investigate the role of an imaginary companion in the lives of only children.

Method
The present study was conducted using a qualitative method and a content analysis approach. Through purposeful sampling, a total of 34 preschool and primary school children, aged 6 to 9 years, from schools in Mashhad city, were selected until saturation was reached. They were subjected to semi-structured interviews. After data collection, the data were coded, and then the main and sub-themes were extracted.

Results
The research findings were represented in the form of 196 statements, 28 sub-themes, and 9 main themes. The main themes included the role of an imaginary companion in alleviating loneliness, the role of an imaginary companion in amusement, the role of an imaginary companion in emotional regulation, conversations with an imaginary companion, guidance from an imaginary companion for good and bad behaviors, the assistance of an imaginary companion in tasks, helping to generate new scenarios, the advantages of having an imaginary companion, and the disadvantages of having one.

Conclusion
Based on the aforementioned findings, it can be concluded that the presence of an imaginary companion can not only support children but also promote creativity and distance them from the virtual space and realities of the real world. Parental awareness of this matter can aid in the child’s growth, fulfill their needs, and, on the other hand, prevent potential harm to children.
The role of bone morphology of the greater tuberosity and lateral acromion on subacromial space during scaption: a three-dimensional dynamic simulation analysis
Authors: Brandariz Rodrigo , Charbonnier Caecilia , Culebras Almeida Alejandro , Lädermann Alexandre , Cunningham Gregory 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The bone morphology of the greater tuberosity and lateral acromion plays a central role in subacromial impingement syndrome. The critical shoulder angle (CSA) and greater tuberosity angle (GTA) are two-dimensional measurement parameters that have been validated to evaluate it radiologically. These markers are, however, static and don’t consider the dynamic effect of glenohumeral motion.

Objectives
This study aimed to better understand the biomechanics in subacromial impingement with a dynamic simulation based on a validated 3D biomechanical model coupling joint kinematics and 3D reconstructed computed tomography.

Study design & methods
Sixty-one patients were included in this study: a case group of 44 patients with degenerative rotator cuff tears involving only the supraspinatus, and a control group of 17 without a rotator cuff tear. Patients with previous surgeries, traumatic cuff tears, and cuff tear arthropathy were excluded. CSA, GTA, and impingement-free range of motion (IF-ROM) of the glenohumeral joint in scaption were calculated. Correlation tests were used to determine the relationship between ROM and CSA, GTA, and combined CSA and GTA values.

Results
CSA and GTA were significantly higher in the rotator cuff tear group (p = 0.001 and < 0.001), while IF-ROM was significantly higher in the control group (p = 0.001). There was no overall correlation between CSA and GTA (R = 0.02, p = 0.8). Individual correlation between both angles with IF-ROM was negatively weak for CSA (R = -0.4, p < 0.001) and negatively moderate for GTA and IF-ROM (R = -0.5, p < 0.001). However, combining both angles resulted in a negatively high correlation with IF-ROM (R = -0.7, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Subacromial space narrowing during scaption is highly correlated to the cumulative values of GTA and CSA. These findings suggest that the combined bony morphology of the lateral acromion and greater tuberosity plays an important role in subacromial impingement.

Level of evidence
III
Urethral length and its relationship with anthropometric parameters in adult male Nigerians
Authors: Ojewola Rufus Wale , Ogunjimi Moses Adebisi , Animashaun Emmanuel Abayomi , Afolayan Michael Olatunji , Osi Sixtus Ogbonnia , Jeje Emmanuel Ajibola , Tijani Kehinde Habeeb 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The available literature on urethral length in adult males is limited. To the best of our knowledge, such measurement has never been carried out amongst Nigerian and African men. This study aimed to document average urethral length as well as the relationship between urethral length and age, and anthropometric parameters amongst the Nigerian male adult population to add to the database for urethral length.

Methods
It was a prospective cross-sectional study amongst adult male Nigerians who had an indication for urethral catheterization as part of their regular treatment at the urologic clinics as well as male adult patients who required urethral catheterization in the theatre and the wards for various reasons. All patients had anthropometric parameters measured or calculated. The total usable length (A) of the catheter was measured before catheterization and the unused catheter length (B) was measured after catheterization for each patient. The calculated urethral length (C) was obtained by subtracting B from A. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Mean urethral length was determined while the correlation between urethral length and age as well as anthropometric parameters were determined using Pearson Correlation.

Results
A total of 450 adult males were recruited. The mean age of subjects was 63.58 years with a range of 22–91 years. The average total usable and unused catheter lengths were 30.01 and 8.97 cm respectively. The mean urethral length among participants was 21.32 cm (8.4 Inches) with a range of 16.5 to 28 cm (6.5–11.0 Inches). There were no statistically significant correlations between urethral length and age ([r (450) = − 0.029, p = 0.546]) as well as with anthropometric parameters (height: r (450) = − 0.088, p = 0.61; weight: [r (450) = − 0.047, p = 0.324 and BMI: r (450) = − 0.082, p = 0.08) in adult males.

Conclusion
This study suggests that there may be racial differences in adult male urethral length but no relationship with age and anthropometric parameters. Further research is needed to explore these findings.
Evaluation of the adsorption behavior and divalent metal ions removal efficiency of ceramic point-of-use water filter materials
Authors: Apea Ohene B. , Akorley Bennet Edem , Oyelude Emmanuel O. , Ampadu Boateng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCeramic water filters (CWFs) are point-of-use devices mostly used in developing countries as a result of their effectiveness in the treatment of household water. However, there is a dearth of knowledge on the metal ions adsorption behavior of the filter materials. Therefore, this study investigates the adsorption behavior of the divalent metal ions using commercially available ceramic water filters as adsorbents, in a batch experiment and compared the data, to the extent of metal ion removal during filtration. The ceramic water filters were characterized with x-ray fluorescence spectrometer, x-ray powder diffractometer and fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer. An adsorption batch experiment was conducted and filtration experiments were performed to determine the extent of divalent metal ions removed. The results of the study showed that divalent metal ions were adsorbed efficiently by ceramic water filters. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best described the kinetic behavior of metal ion removal process. The extent of adsorption of ceramic water filters was in the range: 7.015–335.77 mgg−1. The adsorption patterns fitted the Freundlich isotherm model while the entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy, indicate that the processes for all CWF-adsorbents are endothermic, feasible and spontaneous. The kinetic and thermodynamic behavior of CWF-adsorbents indicate that the mechanism of the sorption process is chemisorption. There was a significant difference in the amount of divalent metal ions adsorbed in batch experiments compared to filtration experiments for ceramic water filter materials (Pot filter and candle filter). The metal ions adsorption potentials of ceramic water filters are found to be rate dependent; hence the rate of filtration must be of concern to manufacturers.
Leucovorin and Fluorouracil With or Without Oxaliplatin as First-Line Treatment in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Authors: de Gramont A. , Figer A. , Seymour M. , Homerin M. , Hmissi A. , Cassidy J. , Boni C. , Cortes-Funes H. , Cervantes A. , Freyer G. , Papamichael D. , Le Bail N. , Louvet C. , Hendler D. , de Braud F. , Wilson C. , Morvan F. , Bonetti A. 
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE In a previous study of treatment for advanced colorectal cancer, the LV5FU2 regimen, comprising leucovorin (LV) plus bolus and infusional fluorouracil (5FU) every 2 weeks, was superior to the standard North Central Cancer Treatment Group/Mayo Clinic 5-day bolus 5FU/LV regimen. This phase III study investigated the effect of combining oxaliplatin with LV5FU2, with progression-free survival as the primary end point. PATIENTS AND METHODS Four hundred twenty previously untreated patients with measurable disease were randomized to receive a 2-hour infusion of LV (200 mg/m2/d) followed by a 5FU bolus (400 mg/m2/d) and 22-hour infusion (600 mg/m2/d) for 2 consecutive days every 2 weeks, either alone or together with oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 as a 2-hour infusion on day 1. RESULTS Patients allocated to oxaliplatin plus LV5FU2 had significantly longer progression-free survival (median, 9.0 v 6.2 months; P = .0003) and better response rate (50.7% v 22.3%; P = .0001) when compared with the control arm. The improvement in overall survival did not reach significance (median, 16.2 v 14.7 months; P = .12). LV5FU2 plus oxaliplatin gave higher frequencies of National Cancer Institute common toxicity criteria grade 3/4 neutropenia (41.7% v 5.3% of patients), grade 3/4 diarrhea (11.9% v 5.3%), and grade 3 neurosensory toxicity (18.2% v 0%), but this did not result in impairment of quality of life (QoL). Survival without disease progression or deterioration in global health status was longer in patients allocated to oxaliplatin treatment ( P = .004). CONCLUSION The LV5FU2-oxaliplatin combination seems beneficial as first-line therapy in advanced colorectal cancer, demonstrating a prolonged progression-free survival with acceptable tolerability and maintenance of QoL.
Pathologic Exploration of the Axillary Soft Tissue Microenvironment and Its Impact on Axillary Management and Breast Cancer Outcomes
Authors: Naoum George E. , Oladeru Oluwadamilola , Ababneh Hazim , Shui Amy , Ly Amy , Taghian Alphonse G. 
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE Axillary soft tissue (AXT) involvement with tumor cells extending beyond the positive lymph node (LN+) and extracapsular extension (ECE) has been overlooked in breast pathology specimen analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 2,162 LN+ patients, dividing them into four groups on the basis of axillary pathology: (1) LN+ only, (2) LN+ and ECE only, (3) LN+ and AXT without ECE, and (4) LN+ with both AXT and ECE. The primary end points were 10-year locoregional failure (LRF), the 10-year axillary failure, and 10-year distant metastasis rates. Multivariable Cox models, accounting for clinical factors, were fitted using the entire cohort, and subgroups analyses were conducted. RESULTS The median follow-up was 9.4 years. The 10-year distant metastasis incidence was 42% for LN + AXT + ECE, 23% for both LN + AXT and LN + ECE only, and 13% for LN+ only. The 10-year axillary failure rates were 4.5% for LN + AXT + ECE, 4.6% for LN + AXT, 0.8% for LN + ECE only, and 1.6% for LN+ only. The 10-year LRF rates were 14% for LN + AXT + ECE, 10% for LN + AXT, 5.7% for LN + ECE only, and 6.2% for LN+ only. Multivariable analysis revealed that AXT was significantly associated with distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.6; P < .001), locoregional failure (HR, 2.3; P < .001), and axillary failure (HR, 3.3; P = .003). Subgroup analyses showed that regional LN radiation (RLNR) improved locoregional tumor outcomes with AXT, ECE, or both (HR, 0.5; P = .03). Delivering ≤50 Gy to the axilla in the presence of AXT/ECE increased axillary failure (HR, 3.0; P = .04). Moreover, when delivering RLNR, axillary LN dissection could be de-escalated to sentinel node biopsy even in the presence of features such as AXT or ECE without significantly increasing any failure outcome: (HR, 1.0; P = .92) for LRF, (HR, 1.1; P = .94) axillary failure, and (HR, 0.4; P = .01) distant metastasis. CONCLUSION Routine reporting of axillary tissue involvement, beyond LNs and ECE, is crucial in predicting breast cancer outcomes. Ruling out the presence of AXT is imperative before any form of axillary de-escalation, especially RLNR omission.
Mortal condition in an unusual localization, analysis of isolated tongue and tongue base abscesses
Authors: Bal Kemal Koray , Gür Harun , Demir Ibrahim , Ismi Onur , Vayisoglu Yusuf , Gorur Kemal , Ozcan Cengiz , Unal Murat 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND
Tongue abscess (TA) is a very rare clinical condition and its treatment is very important. Surgical drainage is at the forefront in the treatment. Our study includes patients with tongue and tongue base abscesses.
AIM
To discuss the clinical and laboratory findings of these patients emphasizing the underlying causes and treatment options with the largest patient series in the English literature.
METHODS
We included patients with isolated TA who applied to our clinic between January 1, 2020 and January 1, 2023. Those who lack the recorded data, those who are not between the ages of 18-66, those who have not undergone surgery-interventional procedure, and those who have infection and/or abscess in another place were excluded from the study.
RESULTS
There were two female (18%) and nine male (82%) patients in our series consisting of 11 patients. Their ages ranged from 18 to 66, and the mean ± SD was 48.63 ± 16.3. Considering the localization of the abscess, three anterior abscesses (27%), two lateral abscesses (18%), and six abscesses at the base of the tongue (54%) were detected.
CONCLUSION
Tongue abscesses can cause acute upper airway obstruction and respiratory collapse. It may be necessary to act quickly for the tracheotomy procedure and this procedure can usually be performed under local anesthesia as intubation cannot be achieved. When we encounter an abscess in an unexpected organ, difficulties may be encountered in the management of the patient.