bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cicero Reading the Cyrenaics on the Anticipation of Future Harms
Authors: O'Reilly Katharine 
Published: October 2023

<p>A common reading of the Cyrenaics is that they are a school of extreme hedonist presentists, recognising only the pleasure of the present moment, and advising against turning our attention to past or future pleasure or pain. Yet they have some strange advice which tells followers to anticipate future harms in order to lessen the unexpectedness of them when they occur. It’s a puzzle, then, how they can consistently hold the attitude they do to our concern with our present selves, and yet endorse the practise of dwelling on possible future painful scenarios. To establish that this is a puzzle, though, we must first be convinced that the report is true. Cicero is our only clear source for the Cyrenaic advice, and scholars have noted reasons to be suspicious of the reliability of his report. I discuss these doubts, and why they ultimately fail to undermine Cicero’s testimony as a source. Defending Cicero as a source for Cyrenaic thought removes a barrier to taking seriously an aspect of Cyrenaic psychology which could radically alter our understanding of their views.</p>
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Modelling the Memory and Anticipation of Pleasure: Comments on James Warren’s ‘Memory, Anticipation, Pleasure’
Authors: Hampson Margaret , O'Reilly Katharine 
Published: October 2023

<p>In his ‘Memory, Anticipation, Pleasure’, James Warren describes two models for how ancient philosophers understood the memory and anticipation of pleasure and pain. According to the first, memory and anticipation allow us to re-live or pre-live temporally remote affections; according to the second, an experience at t1 might have a different and opposite affective character to the anticipation of that experience at t-1, or the recollection of it at t2. This response analyses Warren’s characterization of the two models and the fit between the models and the texts Warren surveys. It shows that the first model in particular struggles to fit many of the texts, with the distinction between the two models threatening to collapse. The chapter ends with a provisional suggestion as to how the distinction between Warren’s two models might be preserved.</p>
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Kosova: A Note from the Wreckage of Anti-Imperialism
Authors: Mulaj Jeta 
Published: October 2023

<p>I was born in Peja, Kosova, as an ethnically Albanian Muslim under Serbian occupation. I came into consciousness knowing my neighbors wanted me dead. My childhood was a constant exercise in caution. I slept with my clothes on, ready to flee, my parents’ eyes glued to the window, always expecting the enemy to burst through the door. I recall my mother rushing to turn down the TV volume when my sisters and I would play Albanian music (we could not provoke our Serbian neighbours); my sister returning home with her hair down, after my mother had painstakingly braided it for school (her hair had again been pulled by Serbian kids patrolling our streets); the depressed faces of my teachers as they neglected the lesson of the day, anxiously reading the news; and teachers being arrested and removed from class by Serbian police. </p>
Introduction: Breaking with Transition
Authors: Wallace Jasmine , Mulaj Deniza , Mulaj Jeta 
Published: October 2023

<p>Post-socialist Balkan states are in a condition of economic and political devastation after years of war and struggles to join Europe. One of the most common theoretical frameworks employed to theorize this situation is known as transition politics, which denotes the transition from socialism to democratic capitalism. While transition politics previously referred to the transition from any political rule to another, it now exclusively denotes the transition from socialism to democratic capitalism – the natural end of history’s movement. Transition politics is based on a belief that democracy and capitalism will finally bring peace, stability, and economic prosperity. Based on this belief, international intervention in the Balkans is enforced with the promise of European Union membership and, in turn, political and economic stability. Since the telos is determined, what remains to be controlled are the socio-economic circumstances in which capitalism can blossom. Transition politics is driven by the EU’s civilizing mission as dictated by EULEX, NATO, IC, World Bank, IMF, the U.S., and USAID among others. All brutal mechanisms of transition are justified through the rhetoric of development, economic prosperity, and peace. Stabilizing the Balkan region has become a priority for international agencies, which make promises of economic integration and development. </p>
Evaluation of Recurrent Lymphadenitis after Six Months Anti-Tuberculous Therapy
Authors: Hasan Chowdhury Mohammad Mainul , Chowdhury M A Jalil , Kamal S M Mostofa , Anam M Khairul , Islam Khan M Touhidul , Zohura Fatima Tuj 
Published: October 2023

Background: Recurrence or persistence of tuberculous lymphadenitis even after treatment occurs due to paradoxical immune response, non-tubercular mycobacterial (NTM) infection, drug resistance tuberculosis or because of misdiagnosis. In these situations sometimes the patients are asked to continue category-1 more than six months on the basis repeat fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings. This study evaluated the cause of persistence or appearance of new lymph node after anti-TB category-1.
Methods: This observational study was done from January, 2013 to March, 2014 after getting ethical clearance from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Patients who had persistent or new lymphadenitis after completing anti-TB category-1 for six months were selected. After analysis of treatment records, patients were selected for either FNAC or biopsy with local surgical clearance. Cyto/histopathological analysis, AFB stain (LED fluorescent), AFB culture (MGIT and L-J media) and GeneXpert test was done. Follow-up of the patients were done after two weeks and six months of FNA/surgery.
Results: Thirty-two patients (M/F=11/21) with mean age 25(±12) years were investigated. Altogether 26 cases (81.25%) Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons Vol. 41, No. 4, October 2023 were confirmed as tuberculous lymphadenitis and six (18.75%) were non-tuberculous (03 lymphomas, 01 sarcoidosis, 01 reactive lymphadenitis and 01 pyogenic abscess). Among the TB patients, granuloma was present in 23 cases (88.46%) (FNA-07, biopsy-16). Twenty-three (88.46%) cases were GeneXpert positive, comprising 21 rifampicin sensitive and 02 rifampicin resistant. One rifampicin resistant case was confirmed by culture and the remaining 25 were culture negative. One case was AFB stain positive and no NTM was found in AFB culture. After surgery, rapid healing was observed within two weeks among tuberculous lymphadenitis patients.
Conclusions: Persistent granuloma after anti-TB category-1 does not indicate active tuberculosis if it is culture negative. It may occur due to immunological reaction against dead bacilli in deep seated sinus. Local surgical clearance results rapid recovery and other diagnosis should be excluded without further continuation of anti-TB category-1.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41(4): 262-268
DETERMINAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN: STUDI PERUSAHAAN LQ45 DI BEI
Authors: Kusuma Pradana Jati , Haunan Damar  , Foza Hadyu Hasanatina  
Published: October 2023

Pandemi virus Covid-19 yang terjadi pada tahun 2020 membuat perekonomian terpuruk tak terkecuali untuk perusahaan yang tergabung dalam indeks LQ45 yang dianggap memiliki likuiditas yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku kebijakan dividen pada perusahaan LQ45 ditengah kondisi ketidakpastian ekonomi pada saat itu. Menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dalam pemilihan sampel sehingga diperoleh 11 perusahaan sampel yang sesuai. Proses analisis data dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif menggunakan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa debt ratio, firm size, dan exchange rate berpengaruh signifikan, sedangkan cash flow dan profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap dividend payout ratio. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa beberapa perusahaan memilih mengalokasikan laba untuk usaha berkelanjutan mulai dari efisiensi hingga restrukturisasi modal pada saat pandemi yang ditunjukkan dari pengurangan porsi rasio pembayaran dividen.
Kata kunci: kebijakan dividen; payout ratio; pandemi; LQ45

The Covid-19 virus pandemic that occurred in 2020 brought the economy down, including companies included in the LQ45 index which are considered to have good liquidity. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the behaviour of dividend policy in LQ45 companies amid conditions of economic uncertainty at that time. Using a purposive sampling technique in selecting the sample to obtain 11 appropriate sample companies. The data analysis process was carried out using quantitative methods using panel data regression. The results showed that the debt ratio, firm size, and the exchange rate had a significant effect, while cash flow and profitability had no significant effect on the dividend payout ratio. This shows that several companies chose to allocate profits for sustainable businesses ranging from efficiency to capital restructuring during the pandemic as shown by the reduction in the portion of the dividend payout ratio.
Keywords: dividend policy; payout ratio; pandemic; LQ45
LIKUIDITAS COORPORATE GOVERNANCE DALAM PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN KAS DINAS KOMUNIKASI DAN INFORMATIKA PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Annio Indah Lestari Nasution  , Mei Suri Dian , Nurul Amelia Pratiwi Ritonga  , Thalia Anandani  
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis likuiditas coorporate governance dalam penyusunan anggaran kasDinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Provinsi Sumatera Utara dan peneliti ingin mengetahui bagaimana penyusunan anggaran dan laporan realisasi anggaran pada Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Provinsi Sumatera Utara apakah telah sesuai atau tidak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptip kualitatif dan dalam pelaksanaannya penelitian ini mengumpulkan data primer yang diperoleh dari staff penyusunan anggaran dan program. Tenknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data yang diperoleh dengan cara kualitatif depada bagian keuangan Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian kualitatif mencakup transkip hasil wawancara, reduksi data, analisis, interpretasi data dan triangulasi. Dari hasil analisis data yang kemudian dapat ditarik kesimpulan.dan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan ditemukan pengendalian kas yang ada di Dinas Komminfo Provinsi Sumatera Utara mengalami kekurangan dalam hal efisiensi anggarannya. Pengaruh anggaran kas yang ada terhadap pengendalian kas di dinas dapat dikatakan tidak efektif.
Kata kunci: Penyusunan Anggaran, Laporan Anggaran, Dinas Komunikasi Dan Informatika, Sumatera Utara, Magang
This study aims to analyze corporate governance liquidity in the preparation of the budget for the Office of Communication and Informatics of North Sumatra Province and researchers want to find out how the preparation of the budget and reports on budget realization at the Office of Communication and Informatics of North Sumatra Province are appropriate or not. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research method and in practice this research collects primary data obtained from budgeting and program staff. The data analysis technique used in this study is data obtained qualitatively from the financial department of the Communication and Informatics Office of North Sumatra Province. Data analysis techniques used in qualitative research include interview transcripts, data reduction, analysis, data interpretation and triangulation. From the results of data analysis, conclusions can then be drawn. And the results of the research conducted found that cash control in the Kominfo Office of North Sumatra Province experienced deficiencies in terms of budget efficiency. The influence of the existing cash budget on cash control in the department can be said to be ineffective.
Keywords: Budget Preparation, Budget Report, Office of Communication and Informatics, North Sumatra, Internship
EVALUASI PERSEBARAN INFRASTRUKTUR PENGISIAN KENDARAAN LISTRIK DI INDONESIA DENGAN MEMPERHATIKAN INDEKS KUALITAS UDARA UNTUK MENDORONG PENJUALAN KENDARAAN LISTRIK
Authors: Dian Fatikno Handoko , Wicaksono Adi Okky 
Published: October 2023

Saat ini penggunaan kendaraan bermotor masih didominasi oleh bahan bakar fosil yang menyebabkan Indonesia mengalami masalah polusi udara dan berkontribusi besar terhadap emisi gas rumah kaca. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap persebaran infrastruktur pengisian daya kendaraan listrik di Indonesia dengan mempertimbangkan faktor Indeks Kualitas Udara dalam rangka mendorong pertumbuhan penjualan kendaraan listrik sebagai alternatif yang ramah lingkungan dan berkontribusi terhadap penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi dan korelasi untuk menguji hipotesis tentang pengaruh pembangunan SPKLU terhadap penurunan Indeks Kualitas Udara. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan SPKLU belum berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap penurunan Indeks Kualitas Udara. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan adanya analisis mendalam dalam proses perencanaan pengembangan infrastruktur agar mampu memprediksi jumlah SPKLU yang dapat dibangun di suatu daerah berdasarkan Indeks Kualitas Udara.
Kata kunci: Penjualan, Kendaraan Listrik, Stasiun Pengisian Kendaraan Listrik Umum (SPKLU), Indeks Kualitas Udara, Paris Agreement

Currently, the use of motor vehicles is still dominated by fossil fuels, which causes Indonesia to experience air pollution problems and contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. This study aims to evaluate the distribution of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in Indonesia, considering the Air Quality Index, to promote the growth of environmentally friendly electric vehicle sales and contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The study uses regression and correlation analysis methods to test hypotheses about the effect of SPKLU development on reducing the Air Quality Index. The results of the analysis indicate that the development of SPKLU has not yet had a significant impact on reducing the Air Quality Index. Therefore, this study recommends a more in-depth analysis of the infrastructure development planning process to predict the number of SPKLU that can be built in an area based on the Air Quality Index.
Keywords: Sales, Electric Vehicles, Public Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (SPKLU), Air Quality Index, Paris Agreement
PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN PENILAIAN KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PEGAWAI BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK LABUHANBATU
Authors: Nafis Fadly Abdillah , Syafina Laylan , Ikhsan Harahap Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Di era globalisasi, perusahaan perlu beroperasi dengan baik. Karyawan juga memerlukan tinjauan kinerja untuk menetapkan harapan untuk perilaku di masa depan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan dan penilaian kerja terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Pegawai Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Labuhanbatu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix method ataupun penelitian yang menggunakan dua pendekatan yaitu kuantitatif dan dilanjutkan dengan penelitian kualitatif untuk memperjelas hasil penelitian. Dalam penelitian kuantitatif sampel yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 42 karyawan dari karyawan Pegawai Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan dalam penelitian kualitatif objek penelitiannya adalah kepala Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Labuhanbatu sebagai informan 1 menggunakan analisis wawancara model analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Faktor pelatihan, secara parsial tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Labuhanbatu. Dengan hasil thitung<ttabel (0,929

In the era of globalization, the company needs to operate well. Employees also need performance reviews to set expectations for future behavior. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of training and work assessment on the work productivity of Labuhanbatu Central Statistics Agency (BPS) employees. The method used in this research uses a mix method approach or research that uses two approaches, namely quantitative and followed by qualitative research to clarify the research results. In quantitative research, the sample used was 42 employees of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and in qualitative research the research object was the Head of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) Labuhanbatu as informant 1 using interview analysis using an interactive analysis model. The results of this research indicate that the training factor partially has no influence on the work productivity of Labuhanbatu Central Statistics Agency (BPS) employees. With the results tcount<ttable (0.929<1.681). Partial work assessment variables have a significant influence on the work productivity of Labuhanbatu Central Statistics Agency (BPS) employees. Based on the results of the t test where tcount > ttable (8.165 > 1.681). The training and work assessment variables simultaneously (together) have a significant influence on the work productivity of Labuhanbatu Central Statistics Agency (BPS) employees based on the F test, where Fcount > Ftable (47.820 > 2.83).
The effect of teff (Eragrostis tef) hay inclusion on feed intake, digestibility, and milk production in dairy cows
Authors: Wagali Philip , Ngomuo Godliver , Kilama Justine , Sabastian Chris , Ben-Zeev Shiran , Ben-Meir Yehoshav A. , Argov-Argaman Nurit , Saranga Yehoshua , Mabjeesh Sameer J. 
Published: October 2023

Teff (Eragrostis tef) is a drought-tolerant, multi-harvest, high-quality summer forage crop. We conducted a study aiming at assessing the effect of replacing wheat hay with teff hay in diets on the feed intake, digestibility, and lactational performance of dairy cows. Thirty-four multiparous (≥3rd parity) Israeli Holstein Friesian dairy cows averaging (± SD) 182 days in milk ± 8 days in milk, 45 kg/d ± 4.8 kg/d of milk yield, and a body weight of 647.1 kg ± 51 kg at the beginning of the study were recruited to a 6-week feeding trial. Cows were randomly divided into two balanced groups based on parity, days in milk, and milk yield. Cows were subjected to two low-roughage dietary treatments (~30% roughage): a control wheat hay-based diet and a teff hay-based diet. Production performances, dry matter intake, and nutrient digestibility were measured. Milk samples were analyzed for their composition and fatty acids profile. Blood samples were used to measure metabolite concentrations. The statistical model included fixed effects of dietary treatments, time, and random effects of cows nested in treatment. Production data and feed intake were analyzed as repeated measures using a covariance structure. Dietary treatments did not affect dry matter intake (26 kg/d). However, the teff-fed cows demonstrated higher crude protein digestibility than control cows (61.9% vs. 59.2%). Dietary teff inclusion increased milk yield by 1.5 kg/d. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acids profiles in milk were greater in the teff cows than in the control cows (4.77 g/100 g vs. 4.36 g/100 g and 3.71 g/100 g vs. 3.43 g/100 g, respectively). Non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations in circulation were higher in the control group than in the teff group. The acetic-to-propionic-acid ratio in the rumen fluid was higher in control cows than in teff cows (2.90 vs. 2.43). However, the ruminal ammonia-N concentration was higher in the teff cows than in the control cows (18.5 mg/dL vs. 15.8 mg/dL). In conclusion, teff hay inclusion in the rations of high-producing dairy cows increased milk yield, which could be attributed to improved crude protein digestibility and energy partition to production.
Factors influencing the efficacy of invisalign in molar distalization and tooth movement
Authors: Chen Xiaowen , Shi Ying , Yuan Jieying , Li Ye , Chen Weican 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The work aims to establish and analyze the factors influencing the efficacy of Invisalign in molar distalization and tooth movement. Objectives of the study: 1) identify factors contributing to molar distalization and tooth movement; 2) analyze the effectiveness of Invisalign technology in molar distalization and tooth movement.Methods: The study was conducted in 2020–2022 in Baoding (PRC) based on Baoding’s first central hospital. Forty patients (mean age 28.5 ± 1.5 years, 18–35 years; 20 women and 20 men) participated in the study.Results: All patients had mild to moderate degrees of tooth crowding, with an angle class II malocclusion, as well as maxillary third molars. Before and after the therapy, the condition of the alveolar bone, soft tissues, and facial height were measured. Fixation of the anterior teeth was performed. Calculations of the distal molar movement were performed. For orthodontic procedures, the second M of the upper jaw were moved, and then the first molars were moved.Discussion: Distalization of the upper molars was found to be an effective movement, with an efficiency of about 83% when vertical rectangular attachments were used. The first molar was moved distally by 2.85 mm without significant tilt or movement in the vertical plane.
Causality between urate levels with sarcopenia-related traits: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lin Yanze , Wang Xun , Yao Wenchao , Sun Yuanting , Zhou Jinlei , Feng Fabo 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundObservational studies have suggested associations between serum urate levels and sarcopenia, but the causality underlying this correlation remains uncertain. The principal objective of this study is to investigate a causal relationship of serum urate levels with sarcopenia-related traits (hand grip strength, lean mass, walking pace) using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. The utilization of MR methodology serves to minimize bias caused by reverse causality and confounding factors from observational studies.MethodsThe summary statistics of serum urate levels were derived from a cohort consisting of 288,659 individuals participating in CKDGen study. The parameters of right-hand grip strength (N=461,089), left-hand grip strength (N=461,026), appendicular lean mass (ALM) (N=450,243), whole-body lean mass(N=454,850),right-leg fat-free mass(FFM;N=454,835),left-leg FFM(N=454,805), right-arm FFM(N=454,753),left-arm FFM(N=454,672) and walking pace (N=459,915)were sourced from the UK Biobank. MR analysis was conducted utilizing inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger to evaluate causality. Sensitivity analysis was performed using Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, leave-one-out analysis and the funnel plot.ResultsIVW estimates demonstrated that serum urate levels exhibited no causal association with sarcopenia-related traits. In the inverse MR investigation, we had exclusively discerned an inverse correlation between walking pace and serum urate levels. No compelling evidence had surfaced to substantiate any association of other sarcopenia-related traits with serum urate. Supplemental MR methods consistently validated the findings obtained from the primary analysis. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of findings.ConclusionOur MR study revealed the absence of the bidirectional causal relationship between serum urate levels and sarcopenia. It is imperative to acknowledge that advanced age and an individual’s health status are pivotal determinants influencing urate level and the initiation and advancement of sarcopenia. However, it is worth underscoring that these aspects remain unexamined within the purview of this study. Thus, future investigations should delve deeper into these intricate facets.