bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse domain approach for flexible needle insertion and relaxation
Authors: Jerg Katharina I. , Boggaram Naveen Lalith , Kanschat Guido , Okonkwo Ernest Chukwudi N. , Hesser Jürgen W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeedle insertion simulations play an important role in medical training and surgical planning. Most simulations require boundary conforming meshes, while the diffuse domain approach, currently limited to stiff needles, eliminates the need for meshing geometries. In this article the diffuse domain approach for needle insertion simulations is first extended to the use of flexible needles with bevel needle tips, which are represented by an Euler‐Bernoulli beam. The model parameters are tuned and the model is evaluated on a real‐world phantom experiment. Second, a new method for the relaxation of the needle‐tissue system after the user releases the needle is introduced. The equilibrium state of the system is determined by minimizing the potential energy. The convergence rate of the coupled Laplace equations for solving the Euler‐Bernoulli beam is 1.92 0.14 for decreasing cell size. The diffuse penalty method for the application of Dirichlet boundary conditions results in a convergence rate of 0.73 0.21 for decreasing phase field width. The simulated needle deviates on average by 0.29 mm compared to the phantom experiment. The error of the tissue deformation is below 1 mm for 97.5% of the attached markers. Two additional experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the relaxation process. The simulation method presented here is a valuable tool for patient‐specific medical simulations using flexible needles without the need for boundary conforming meshing. To the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first work to introduce a relaxation model, which is a major step for simulating accurate needle‐tissue positioning during realistic medical interventions.
Stationary measure for the open KPZ equation
Authors: Corwin Ivan , Knizel Alisa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe provide the first construction of stationary measures for the open KPZ equation on the spatial interval [0,1] with general inhomogeneous Neumann boundary conditions at 0 and 1 depending on real parameters u and v, respectively. When , we uniquely characterize the constructed stationary measures through their multipoint Laplace transform, which we prove is given in terms of a stochastic process that we call the continuous dual Hahn process. Our work relies on asymptotic analysis of Bryc and Wesołowski's Askey–Wilson process formulas for the open ASEP stationary measure (which in turn arise from Uchiyama, Sasamoto and Wadati's Askey‐Wilson Jacobi matrix representation of Derrida et al.'s matrix product ansatz) in conjunction with Corwin and Shen's proof that open ASEP converges to open KPZ under weakly asymmetric scaling.
Catalyst Engineering for the Selective Reduction of CO2 to CH4: A First‐Principles Study on X‐MOF‐74 (X=Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn)
Authors: McCarver Gavin A. , Yildirim Taner , Zhou Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into more valuable chemical compounds represents a critical objective for addressing environmental challenges and advancing sustainable energy sources. The CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) holds promise for transforming CO2 into versatile feedstock materials and fuels. Leveraging first‐principles methodologies provides a robust approach to evaluate catalysts and steer experimental efforts. In this study, we examine the CO2RR process using a diverse array of representative cluster models derived from X‐MOF‐74 (where X encompasses Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, or Zn) through first‐principles methods. Notably, our investigation highlights the Fe‐MOF‐74 cluster's unique attributes, including favorable CO2 binding and the lowest limiting potential of the studied clusters for converting CO2 to methane (CH4) at 0.32 eV. Our analysis identified critical factors driving the selective CO2RR pathway, enabling the formation CH4 on the Fe‐MOF‐74 cluster. These factors involve less favorable reduction of hydrogen to H2 and strong binding affinities between the Fe open‐metal site and reduction intermediates, effectively curtailing desorption processes of closed‐shell intermediates such as formic acid (HCOOH), formaldehyde (CH2O), and methanol (CH3OH), to lead to selective CH4 formation.
Effects of endophytes Trichoderma amazonicum and Acremonium strictum on fungal pathogens of Paspalum
Authors: Depetris Mara B. , Marcón Florencia , Gutiérrez Susana A. , Skuletich Viviana B. , Zandoná Dahiana A. , Acuña Carlos A. , Felitti Silvina A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn natural ecosystems, many plants engage in symbiotic interactions with fungal endophytes which can have impacts on host plant communities. In South American grasslands, several endophytes have been isolated from different Paspalum species. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antagonistic effect of endophytes Trichoderma amazonicum and Acremonium strictum against Claviceps paspali through in vitro and in vivo assays. In addition, they were evaluated as biocontrol agents against fungal pathogens which produce leaf spots such as Alternaria alternata and Bipolaris sp. through in vitro experiments. The in vitro assessment was conducted by dual culture between the antagonists and the three pathogens. For the in vivo assay, plants of Paspalum notatum and Paspalum dilatatum were planted in the field in a completely randomized block design with six replications. Three treatments were applied: T1 = endophyte inoculum, T2 = fungicide, and T3 = control. Seed yield, seed set, healthy seed set, and weight of healthy seed set per kilogram of seeds were evaluated for three timepoints. Trichoderma amazonicum exhibited a high growth inhibition, while A. strictum a moderate to low effect in vitro. In the in vivo assay, significant differences were observed among treatments in both species. T1 increased the kilogram of healthy seed set per 100 kg of seed by increasing the seed set and weight of healthy seed set in at least one of the evaluated dates in P. notatum and P. dilatatum. Based on these results, T. amazonicum and A. strictum have antagonistic effects on the pathogens assessed.
Preparation of astrocytes by directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and somatic cell transdifferentiation
Authors: Chen Hangjie , Zheng Kang , Qiu Mengsheng , Yang Junlin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAstrocytes (ACs) are the most widely distributed cells in the mammalian central nervous system, which are essential for the function and homeostasis of nervous system. Increasing evidence indicates that ACs also participate in the development of many neurological diseases and repair after nerve injury. ACs cultured in vitro provide a cellular model for studying astrocytic development, function, and the pathogenesis of associated diseases. The preparation of primary ACs (pACs) faces many limitations, so it is important to obtain high‐quality ACs by the differentiation of pluripotent stem cell (PSC) or somatic cell transdifferentiation. Initially, researchers mainly tried to induce embryonic stem cells to differentiate into ACs via embryoid body (EB) and then turned to employ induced PSCs as seed cells to explore more simple and efficient directed differentiation strategies, and serum‐free culture was delved to improve the quality of induced ACs. While exploring the induction of ACs by the overexpression of AC‐specific transcription factors, researchers also began to investigate small molecule–mediated somatic cell transdifferentiation. Here, we provide an updated review on the research progresses in this field.
Development of Basic Human Behavior Recognition System Using Plant Bioelectric Potential
Authors: NOMURA KENTA , NAMBO HIDETAKA , KIMURA HARUHIKO 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYWe investigated the influence of basic human behaviors on the plant bioelectric potential. We analyzed four basic human behaviors, namely, touching a plant, opening a door, approaching a plant, and turning on a light. The specific responses in the bioelectric potential were found to be influenced by each behavior. The bioelectric potential has a pulsatile response due to behavior. Therefore, we attempted to learn and recognize human behaviors by extracting characteristics from the planet bioelectric potential. The method of recognizing basic human behaviors that we propose uses a low level of the cepstrum in the plant bioelectric potential. Some data were not recognized correctly because of individual differences in human behaviors. However, the F‐measure had an average of value 0.76, which shows that the proposed method may be an effective way of recognizing basic human behaviors by using the plant bioelectric potential.
Synthetic Approaches towards Peptide‐Conjugates of Pt(II) Compounds with an (O,S) Chelating Moiety
Authors: Mügge Carolin , Nowak Nora , Strack Martin , Metzler‐Nolte Nils , Weigand Wolfgang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMetal‐containing peptide (bio−)conjugates have received continuous interest due to their enormous potential for bioinorganic and medicinal research. In many bioconjugates the chemical inertness of the metal‐containing units facilitates synthesis e. g. by copper‐catalyzed alkyne−azide cycloaddition or the formation of peptide bonds. However, when the metal complex contains labile ligands, which are often critical to their biological activity, the synthetic proceeding requires careful planning. Here, we report on the synthesis of a set of peptide bioconjugates with a platinum(II) core, coordinated through widely variable (O,S) chelating β‐hydroxydithiocinnamic ester and two monodentate ligands. We have evaluated the synthetic applicability of metal−peptide bioconjugation techniques between the model peptide Leu5−enkephalin and differently functionalized (O,S)Pt units. Within this, the type and position of anchor used at the β‐hydroxydithiocinnamic unit proved to be crucial for success, but equally important was the synthetic order of conjugation and complexation. In this work, synthetic approaches for the linkage of metal complexes that are coordinated by functionalized ligands towards peptides were explored. Two general methods to link the studied (O,S)Pt pharmacophore to the model peptide, Leu5−enkephalin, have been applied, namely the most prominent “click” reaction, CuAAC, and the linking via amide bonds. Overall, it could be shown that the structural motif of the (O,S)Pt compounds presented here offers multiple possibilities of derivatization, so that bioconjugation towards peptides can be made possible. Depending on the demands made on the resulting metal bioconjugate, both the dithioester and the aromatic unit of β‐hydroxydithiocinnamic esters can be used as anchor for peptides. However, from our results here, it can be concluded that anchoring at the aromatic subsite seems preferable from a synthetic point of view as the spatial distance of the reactive terminal functional group (alkyne or azide) to the metal center may avoid intramolecular reactions. Also, for using azide−alkyne click chemistry as a conjugation strategy, the (O,S) unit should contain the azide function and not the alkyne function, as triple bond hydration may occur. Classical amide‐bond conjugation also proved to be a suitable method in our hands when performed in solution. A coupling of the β‐hydroxydithiocinnamic unit to resin‐bound peptide would not be possible due to the typically harsh cleavage conditions.
Experimental determination of the discharge flow coefficient at a doorway for fire induced flow in natural and mixed convection
Authors: Koched A. , Pretrel H. , Vauquelin O. , Audouin L. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe study is an experimental investigation of the discharge flow coefficient at a doorway‐type opening in the case of a fire in an enclosure open to atmosphere. Natural and mixed convection flows are considered with the use of mechanical ventilation. The discharge coefficient is defined as the ratio between the effective flow rate determined experimentally and a theoretical flow rate based on a Bernoulli approach. The effective mass flow rate is obtained from velocity field measured with stereoscopic particle image velocimetry technique. The theoretical flow rate is calculated from vertical temperature profiles measured from both sides of the doorway. Only inflow rate is considered for the calculation of the discharge coefficient. In natural convection mode, a CD value of 0.54 ± 0.5 is obtained on a reduced‐scale opening (to be compared with 0.68 at large scale). In a mixed convection case, the discharge coefficient is much lower and reaches 0.26 ± 0.06. This study shows that the discharge coefficient CD may vary significantly regarding the dimension of the opening and the flow conditions (natural and mixed convection). It illustrates the limits of considering a constant discharge coefficient when dealing with doorway flows in a confined and mechanically ventilated compartment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of different food additives to control browning in fresh‐cut potatoes
Authors: Li Guoqin , Wang Xinxin , Zhu Hongmei , Li Guifeng , Du Junjie , Song Xiaoqing , Erihemu  
Published: October 2023

AbstractFresh‐cut potato browning is a severe problem in the potato processing industry. Ascorbic acid, L‐cysteine, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and nitric oxide (NO) have been reported to reduce the browning in fresh‐cut vegetables and fruits. We compared the effect of each food additive at its commonly used concentration on fresh‐cut potato browning in order to choose a highly efficient treatment and explore its mechanism. Fresh‐cut potato slices were immersed in 0.3 mmol L−1 ascorbic acid, 0.7 mmol L−1 L‐cysteine, 0.7 mmol L−1 H2S, or 2.0 mmol L−1 NO for 10 min and stored at 4°C until the measurements finished. Results showed that the ascorbic acid and L‐cysteine treatments showed less browning than the control treatment, while the H2S and NO treatments did not. Ascorbic acid increased total phenolic content, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities, while L‐cysteine decreased PPO and POD activities with no change in total phenolic content. In addition, these two treatments did not influence respiration rate, weight loss, or rot index. In conclusion, ascorbic acid (0.3 mmol L−1) and L‐cysteine (0.7 mmol L−1) can be valuable means to control fresh‐cut potato browning. Ascorbic acid inhibits the browning mainly by reducing quinones back to phenolic compounds, but L‐cysteine inhibits the browning mainly by decreasing PPO and POD activities.
Efficacy of the long‐acting gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist long protocol on IVF/ICSI outcomes of patients with repeated implantation failure
Authors: Chen Xuemei , Zhang Wei , Xu Yanping , Li Wenshu , Wang Xiuzhu , Shi Shulei , Liu Xuemei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of long‐acting gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) long protocol on in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) outcomes of patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF).MethodsThe present study was carried out from June 1, 2016 to June 30, 2021. A total of 665 patients with RIF were enrolled into the study and classified by the ovarian stimulation protocols. The outcome parameters were compared in each group. In addition, we evaluated the expression of homeobox A10 (HOXA10), integrin β3 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in endometrial tissues between groups by quantitative RT‐PCR.ResultsPatients who received the long‐acting GnRHa long protocol had significantly higher clinical pregnancy rates (58.0%, 41.7% and 39.9%, respectively; P = 0.008 and 0.003), implantation rates (38.1%, 30.3%, and 30.1%, respectively; P = 0.001 and <0.001) and live birth rates (50.3%, 36.3%, and 31.3%, respectively; P = 0.020 and 0.002) compared with the short‐acting GnRHa long protocol and GnRH antagonist protocol. In addition, we found that long‐acting GnRHa could improve the expression of HOXA10 (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe long‐acting GnRHa long protocol could improve endometrial receptivity and IVF/ICSI clinical outcomes of RIF patients compared with the short‐acting GnRHa long protocol and GnRH antagonist protocol.
Trends in and outcomes of delivery hospitalizations with lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Lopez Ashley , Wen Timothy , Patel Naomi , Booker Whitney A. , D'Alton Mary E. , Friedman Alexander M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess trends and outcomes associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) during US delivery hospitalizations.Study DesignThe National Inpatient Sample from 2000 to 2019 was used for this repeated cross‐sectional analysis. We identified delivery hospitalizations with and without SLE. Temporal trends in SLE during delivery hospitalizations were determined using joinpoint regression. Adjusted logistic regression models accounting for demographic, clinical, and hospital factors were used to determine adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for adverse outcomes based on the presence or absence of SLE.ResultsOf an estimated 76 698 775 delivery hospitalizations identified in the NIS, 79386 (0.10%) had an associated diagnosis of SLE. Over the study period, SLE increased from 6.7 to 14.6 cases per 10 000 delivery hospitalizations (average annual percent change 4.5%, 95% CI 4.0–5.1). Deliveries with SLE had greater odds of non‐transfusion severe morbidity (aOR 2.21, 95% CI 2.00, 2.44) and underwent a larger absolute increase in morbidity risk over the study period. SLE was associated with a range of other adverse outcomes including preterm delivery, eclampsia, cesarean delivery, and blood transfusion.ConclusionThe proportion of deliveries to women with SLE has increased over time in the US, and SLE and APS are associated with a broad range of adverse outcomes.
Preoperative hysteroscopy shortened progression‐free survival in advanced FIGO stage in endometrial cancer: Ten year analysis
Authors: Miao Huixian , Zhang Lin , Jiang Yi , Wan Yicong , Yuan Lin , Cheng Wenjun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of preoperative hysteroscopy on progression‐free survival (PFS) and disease‐specific survival (DFS), and to explore the factors which contribute to poor clinical outcomes between hysteroscopy and dilation and curettage (D&C) in endometrial cancer (EC).MethodsA retrospective study was designed by collecting data from women diagnosed with EC through hysteroscopy or D&C from January 2010 to December 2019 in a tertiary hospital in China. A propensity score was used for 1:1 matching of advanced stage patients. Univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to determine whether hysteroscopy was a prognostic factor in EC and to identify factors associated with its impact on PFS and DFS in different subgroups.ResultsOverall, 543 and 272 women who underwent D&C and hysteroscopy, respectively were included. Compared to D&C, preoperative hysteroscopy was related to reduced PFS and DFS, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.904 and 3.905, respectively. Hysteroscopy contributed to an increased risk of positive wash cytology (48.27% vs 24.13%), recurrence (48.28% vs 20.69%) and shorter PFS after matching in FIGO Stage I–IV EC, while there was no significance in positive ascites cytology (14.04% vs 13.45%), PFS and DFS in FIGO Stage I EC.ConclusionsHysteroscopy was an independent predictive factor for poor prognosis in EC. Hysteroscopy appeared to be a safe diagnostic method as D&C in FIGO Stage I EC but was a risk factor for increased recurrence and reduced PFS in advanced stage disease. Its impact on DFS is uncertain.
External iliac arterial dissection after robot‐assisted radical cystectomy with an intracorporeal ileal conduit and extended pelvic lymph node dissection
Authors: Nakashima Syunsuke , Hata Shinro , Shinohara Mayuka , Ando Tadasuke , Shin Toshitaka , Mimata Hiromitsu 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionExternal iliac arterial dissection after robot‐assisted laparoscopic procedures is an extremely rare complication. It may cause severe adverse outcomes, such as lower limb necrosis.Case presentationA 73‐year‐old man was diagnosed with cT2 ≤ N0M0 bladder cancer and underwent robot‐assisted radical cystectomy. After surgery, he complained of severe left lower leg pain. Computed tomography showed external iliac arterial occlusion. Furthermore, the emergency operation revealed external iliac arterial dissection and occlusion.ConclusionThe robot arm does not have any sense of force or touch. Thus, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to the traction of blood vessels and contact with major organs.
A case of bladder cancer after bilateral lung transplantation following bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Arai Yutaro , Goto Yusuke , Sazuka Tomokazu , Fujimoto Ayumi , Sato Hiroaki , Imamura Yusuke , Sakamoto Shinichi , Ota Masayuki , Ikeda Jun‐ichiro , Ichikawa Tomohiko 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe incidence of bladder cancer following transplantation is high; however, no previous studies have reported the development of bladder cancer following bone marrow and bilateral lung transplantations.Case presentationA 42‐year‐old man who was followed for bilateral lung transplantation due to chronic graft‐versus‐host disease following bone marrow transplantation complained of gross hematuria. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed for cT1N0M0 bladder cancer. On the following night, he experienced severe respiratory failure and was intubated. He was discharged on postoperative day 32 with the introduction of home oxygen therapy. The pathological diagnosis was invasive urothelial carcinoma, high‐grade, pT1, with urothelial carcinoma in situ. Further treatment could not be performed because of his poor performance status and immunosuppressive state.ConclusionVigorous screening for bladder cancer coexisting with other malignancies should be performed for transplant recipients for the early diagnosis and prompt treatment of a relatively aggressive bladder cancer.
Systematic approach to localisation of lameness in the distal limb of horses
Authors: Fiske‐Jackson Andy 
Published: October 2023

Background: Lameness examination is commonly required in equine veterinary practice, whether it's to investigate a lameness already identified by the owner, or as part of the investigation of poor performance.Aim of the article: This article outlines a systematic approach to adopt when presented with a lame horse. Although it focuses on examination of the distal limb, the same principles apply when examining the proximal limb.