bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online Experiences, Internet-Fostered Connection, Resilience, and Adjustment Among Adolescent Siblings of Children With Cancer
Authors: Wawrzynski Sarah E. , Cloyes Kristin G. , Arasteh Kamyar , Guo Jia-Wen , Linder Lauri , Reblin Maija , Alderfer Melissa A. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Pediatric cancer disrupts the lives of siblings in many ways, including physical separations from family and friends that increase risk for distress. Research suggests that siblings use technology and social media to connect with friends and family and seek social support and interaction. However, this may expose siblings to negative online experiences that can erode self-esteem, reducing resilience.

Objective
This study explored the relationship between online experiences, internet-fostered connection, resilience, and psychosocial health among siblings of children with cancer.

Methods
Participants included adolescent siblings (N = 81; aged 12-17 years) of children with cancer. Most were female (56.8%), and 50.6% represented racially or ethnically minoritized groups. Online experiences, social media use, resilience, and psychosocial health were self-reported and analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Results
A majority of siblings reported moderate to severe posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) (59%) and elevated emotional and behavioral difficulties (EBDs) (53%). Experiencing more positive online experiences was associated with greater perceived connection to family and friends online, but not resilience, PTSSs, or EBDs. In contrast, higher negative online experience scores were significantly associated with more PTSSs and EBDs. In addition, the association between negative online experiences and EBDs was significantly mediated by a negative association between negative online experiences and resilience.

Conclusions
Although social media may be a valuable tool for helping siblings of children with cancer garner social support, negative online experiences may be detrimental to their adjustment.

Implications for Practice
Efforts should be made to preserve and foster resilience among siblings who use social media for support.
Skull Base Osteomyelitis in Children
Authors: Michelson-Farkash Carmela , Ashkenazi-Hoffnung Liat , Yalek Alexander , Shiran Shelly I. , Klivitsky Amir , Grisaru-Soen Galia 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
We describe 10 new cases of otogenic (n = 8) and nonotogenic (n = 2) skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) in previously healthy children and review the literature on SBO in the pediatric population.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 10 children (age range 0.9–12.8 years) discharged with a diagnosis of SBO between 2015 and 2020 in 2 children's hospitals in central Israel.

Results
Five patients presented with fever and 5 with otological signs and symptoms. All 10 children underwent a comprehensive clinical evaluation, imaging studies (computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) and laboratory investigations. The physical examination revealed neurologic findings, including nuchal rigidity, papilledema, and apathy, in 4 patients. All 8 otogenic patients underwent surgical intervention and the 2 nonotogenic patients, who were diagnosed as having deep neck and throat infections, responded well to treatment consisting of antibiotics without surgery.

Conclusions
Early diagnosis of pediatric SBO can be challenging because the symptoms are often nonspecific. The final diagnosis relies mainly on imaging, preferably magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical intervention is usually mandatory in the otogenic patients, whereas the nonotogenic patients respond well to medical management alone.
Evaluation of Hemostatic Devices in a Randomized Porcine Model of Junctional Hemorrhage and 72-Hour Prolonged Field Care
Authors: Pratt Gilbert A. , Kishman Adam J. , Glaser Jacob J. , Castro Cecilia , Lorenzen Alejandra L. , Cardin Sylvain , Tiller Michael M. , McNeal Neal D. , Neidert Leslie E. , Morgan Clifford G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Hemorrhage control in prolonged field care (PFC) presents unique challenges that drive the need for enhanced point of injury treatment capabilities to maintain patient stability beyond the Golden Hour. To address this, two hemostatic agents, Combat Gauze (CG) and XSTAT, were evaluated in a porcine model of uncontrolled junctional hemorrhage for speed of deployment and hemostatic efficacy over 72-hours.

Methods
The left subclavian artery and subscapular vein were isolated in anesthetized male Yorkshire swine (70-85 kg) and injured via 50% transection, followed by 30-seconds of hemorrhage. CG (n = 6) or XSTAT (n = 6) was administered until bleeding stopped and remained within subjects for observation over 72-hours. Physiologic monitoring, hemostatic efficacy, and hematological parameters were measured throughout the protocol. Gross necropsy and histology were performed following humane euthanasia.

Results
Both CG and XSTAT maintained hemostasis throughout the full duration of the protocol. There were no significant differences between groups in hemorrhage volume (CG: 1021.0 ± 183.7 mL vs XSTAT: 968.2 ± 243.3 mL), total blood loss (CG: 20.8 ± 2.7% vs XSTAT: 20.1 ± 5.1%), or devices used (CG: 3.8 ± 1.2 vs XSTAT: 5.3 ± 1.4). XSTAT absorbed significantly more blood than CG (CG: 199.5 ± 50.3 mL vs XSTAT: 327.6 ± 71.4 mL), and was significantly faster to administer (CG: 3.4 ± 1.6 min vs XSTAT: 1.4 ± 0.5 min). There were no significant changes in Activated Clot Time, Prothrombin Time, or International Normalized Ratio between groups or compared to BSLN throughout the 72-hour protocol. Histopathology revealed no evidence of micro-thromboemboli or disseminated coagulopathies across evaluated tissues in either group.

Conclusion
CG and XSTAT demonstrated equivalent hemostatic ability through 72-hours, with no overt evidence of coagulopathies from prolonged indwelling. Additionally, XSTAT offered significantly faster administration and the ability to absorb more blood. Taken together, XSTAT offers logistical and efficiency advantages over CG for immediate control of junctional non-compressible hemorrhage, particularly in a tactical environment. Additionally, extension of indicated timelines to 72-hours allows translation to PFC.

Level of Evidence
N/A, Basic Science
Feasibility of Timed Up and Go Administered via Telerehabilitation in Older Adults
Authors: Karim Rania , Jasper Amie , Uy Samuel John Montecalvo , Tayag Eleazar , Vitente Arvie C. , Lazaro Rolando 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
This study aimed to explore the feasibility of telehealth-obtained Timed Up and Go (TUG).

Methods:
The TUG was administered twice during 1 visit. The TUG distance as set up by the participant was compared with the TUG set up by a rater. A second rater scored the TUG virtually, and a third rater scored session recordings twice, 30 days apart.

Results:
There was a strong and significant correlation between the face-to-face and virtually obtained TUG scores using the patient-identified distances (r = 0.994; 95% confidence interval, 0.957-0.999).

Discussion:
Virtual TUG measurements are comparable with those measured face-to-face.
Teleassessment of Balance and Gait Outcome Measures in Older Adults
Authors: Jasper Amie , Chamberlain Deborah , Lazaro Rolando 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
This article systematically reviews the reliability and validity of balance and gait outcome measures obtained by teleassessment in older adults.

Methods:
Two reviewers searched electronic databases for articles published from 2010 to 2022. Included studies were appraised for quality.

Results:
Six articles were reviewed. Reliability was found to be low to good, and validity was acceptable, with some concerns with bias during testing.

Discussion:
There is evidence to support the use of certain balance and gait outcome measures in teleassessment of the older adult population if the individuals have appropriate electronic devices for telecommunication, good Internet connectivity, and adequate technological knowledge.
Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtype Performance in Comparison to Healthy Older Controls on the NIH Toolbox and Cogstate
Authors: Garcia Sarah , Askew Robert L. , Kavcic Voyko , Shair Sarah , Bhaumik Arijit K. , Rose Edna , Campbell Stephen , May Nicolas , Hampstead Benjamin M. , Dodge Hiroko H. , Heidebrink Judith L. , Paulson Henry L. , Giordani Bruno 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Early detection is necessary for the treatment of dementia. Computerized testing has become more widely used in clinical trials; however, it is unclear how sensitive these measures are to early signs of neurodegeneration. We investigated the use of the NIH Toolbox-Cognition (NIHTB-CB) and Cogstate-Brief computerized neuropsychological batteries in the identification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) versus healthy older adults [healthy control (HC)] and amnestic (aMCI) versus nonamnestic MCI (naMCI). Exploratory analyses include investigating potential racial differences.

Methods:
Two hundred six older adults were diagnosed as aMCI (n = 58), naMCI (n = 15), or cognitively healthy (HC; n = 133).

Results:
The NIH Toolbox-CB subtests of Flanker, Picture Sequence Memory, and Picture Vocabulary significantly differentiated MCI from HC. Further, subtests from both computerized batteries differentiated patients with aMCI from those with naMCI. Although the main effect of race differences was noted on tests and in diagnostic groups was significant, there were no significant race-by-test interactions.

Conclusions:
Computer-based subtests vary in their ability to help distinguish MCI subtypes, though these tests provide less expensive and easier-to-administer clinical screeners to help identify patients early who may qualify for more comprehensive evaluations. Further work is needed, however, to refine computerized tests to achieve better precision in distinguishing impairment subtypes.
Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block at Lateral Supra-Arcuate Ligament vs Lateral Quadratus Lumborum Block for Postoperative Analgesia after Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shi Rong , Shao Peiqi , Hu Jinge , Li Huili , Wang Yun 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Quadratus lumborum block (QLB) has been found to be advantageous for laparoscopic colorectal surgery. This study hypothesized that preoperative anterior QLB at lateral supra-arcuate ligament (QLB-LSAL) would decrease postoperative opioid usage and offer improved analgesia within the context of multimodal analgesia compared with lateral QLB (LQLB) for laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

STUDY DESIGN:
In this randomized controlled trial, 82 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III class colorectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either LQLB or QLB-LSAL (0.375% ropivacaine 0.3 mL/kg bilaterally for each group). The primary outcomes were the total intravenous morphine equivalent consumption at 24 hours postoperatively.

RESULTS:
Intravenous morphine equivalent consumption at 24 hours postoperatively was significantly reduced in the QLB-LSAL group compared with that in the LQLB group with per-protocol analysis (29.2 ± 5.8 vs 40.5 ± 9.6 mg, p < 0.001) and intention-to-treat analysis (29.6 ± 6.1 vs 40.8 ± 9.5 mg, p < 0.001). Time to first patient-controlled analgesia request was notably longer in the QLB-LSAL group than that in the LQLB group (10.4 ± 3.9 vs 3.7 ± 1.5 hours, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Preoperative bilateral ultrasound-guided QLB-LSAL reduces morphine usage and extends the duration until the first patient-controlled analgesia demand within the framework of multimodal analgesia when compared with LQLB after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
The human immune checkpoint molecule, HLA-G2, induces tolerance in monocytes and dendritic cells via upregulation of PD-L1
Authors: Takahashi Ami , Kuroki Kimiko , Maeda Naoyoshi , Nieda Mie , Maenaka Katsumi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a non-classical HLA class I immunomodulatory molecule with restricted expression in the placenta, thymus and regulatory T cells. The spliced isoforms of HLA-G include an α2 domain-deleted isoform, HLA-G2, which specifically binds to the immune checkpoint leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2 (LILRB2), to suppress immune responses in myelomonocytic cells. We previously reported the structural and receptor binding characteristics of recombinant HLA-G2 protein and its immunosuppressive effects on inflammation in mouse models. However, the function and the mechanism of action of HLA-G2 on human immune cells have not been elucidated.In the present study, we demonstrate the immunosuppressive effect of HLA-G2 on human CD14-positive monocytic cells. HLA-G2 induced the production of the immunosuppressive cytokine, IL-10, and stimulated IL-6/STAT3/indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase signaling by binding to LILRB2. HLA-G2 binding to LILRB2 also down-regulated cell surface expression of HLA-DR and CD86. Unexpectedly, HLA-G2 up-regulated cell surface expression of PD-L1 in both CD14-positive monocytic cells and interferon-induced dendritic cells (IFN-DCs). This observation suggests HLA-G2/LILRB2 signaling promotes PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, HLA-G2 treatment of IFN-DCs suppressed T cell proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reactions. These findings provide novel insights into the modulation of human immune responses of tolerogenic myelomonocytic cells induced by HLA-G2 binding to LILRB2, and suggest that targeting the HLA-G2-LILRB2 interaction could be a novel approach for immune checkpoint therapy.Significance statementDuring pregnancy, HLA-G isoforms are expressed by fetal trophoblasts to suppress maternal immune responses. Among various HLA-G isoforms, the HLA-G2 homodimer has been expected as an immunosuppressive biologic targeting myelomonocytic antigen-presenting cells via leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2. We previously reported significant immunosuppressive effects of HLA-G2 in autoimmune mouse models. Here, we first demonstrate that HLA-G2 isoform induces tolerogenic phenotypes of human peripheral immune cells by significantly upregulating an immune checkpoint molecule, PD-L1. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated by HLA-G2 suppressed T cell proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reactions. These results suggest that HLA-G2 can be a novel candidate for immune checkpoint therapy.
Longevity and frailty and their associated factors in the prognosis of coronary heart disease in a Latin American cohort
Authors: Dulcey Sarmiento Luis Andres , Acevedo Peña Diego Andrey , Castillo Goyeneche Silvia Fernanda , Arias Anderson Felipe , Estévez Gómez María Juliana , Gomez Jaime , Hernandez Carlos , Theran Leon Juan Sebastián , Caltagirone Raimondo , Blanco Edgar , Ciliberti María , Calderon Amaya Silvia Yulieth , Gutierrez Emily , Lizcano Angie , Amaya Maria Camila , Lobo Diego , Estupiñan Francisco Mora 
Published: October 2023

Introductionto study the characteristics of the anamnestic history, the clinical course, as well as the nature of medical care for elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and evaluate their impact on the prognosis of the disease.Material and methodsthe study included patients aged 60 years or older, survivors of acute myocardial infarction and registered in the database of the Hospital Universitario de los Andes in Merida, Venezuela (n=410). During the 2013-2018 study, a five-year prospective observation of patients with an assessment of their vital status was conducted. For the statistical processing of the data obtained, the Statistica V10.0 application package (StatSoft Inc.) was used.Resultsthe analysis showed that 90% of the patients had a history of comorbid pathology. The presence of an atypical manifestation of myocardial infarction lengthened the prehospital stage of medical care for patients who were late in seeking medical attention (120 [49; 311.5] minutes), as well as the longest time until the first medical contact (26.5 [20; 40] minutes (p = 0.005)). One-fifth of patients were treated for acute MI in complementary hospitals, where the level of in-hospital mortality among elderly patients reached 65.7%, three times higher than the same figure in specialized cardiology departments (19, 7%, p< 0.001).ConclusionThe main factors influencing long-term post-infarction in elderly patients were isolated systolic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, previous myocardial infarction and acute stroke.
OMICmAge: An integrative multi-omics approach to quantify biological age with electronic medical records
Authors: Chen Qingwen , Dwaraka Varun B. , Carreras-Gallo Natàlia , Mendez Kevin , Chen Yulu , Begum Sofina , Kachroo Priyadarshini , Prince Nicole , Went Hannah , Mendez Tavis , Lin Aaron , Turner Logan , Moqri Mahdi , Chu Su H. , Kelly Rachel S. , Weiss Scott T. , Rattray Nicholas J.W , Gladyshev Vadim N. , Karlson Elizabeth , Wheelock Craig , Mathé Ewy A. , Dahlin Amber , McGeachie Michae J. , Smith Ryan , Lasky-Su Jessica A. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBiological aging is a multifactorial process involving complex interactions of cellular and biochemical processes that is reflected in omic profiles. Using common clinical laboratory measures in ~30,000 individuals from the MGB-Biobank, we developed a robust, predictive biological aging phenotype,EMRAge, that balances clinical biomarkers with overall mortality risk and can be broadly recapitulated across EMRs. We then applied elastic-net regression to modelEMRAgewith DNA-methylation (DNAm) and multiple omics, generatingDNAmEMRAgeandOMICmAge,respectively. Both biomarkers demonstrated strong associations with chronic diseases and mortality that outperform current biomarkers across our discovery (MGB-ABC, n=3,451) and validation (TruDiagnostic, n=12,666) cohorts. Through the use of epigenetic biomarker proxies,OMICmAgehas the unique advantage of expanding the predictive search space to include epigenomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and clinical data while distilling this in a measure with DNAm alone, providing opportunities to identify clinically-relevant interconnections central to the aging process.
BUMBLE BEE RESPONSES TO CLIMATE AND LANDSCAPES: INVESTIGATING HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS AND SPECIES ASSEMBLAGES ACROSS GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Authors: Christman Morgan E. , Spears Lori R. , Burchfield Emily K. , Pearse William D. , Strange James P. , Ramirez Ricardo A. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBumble bees are integral pollinators of native and cultivated plant communities, but species are undergoing significant changes in range and abundance on a global scale. Climate change and land cover alteration are key drivers in pollinator declines; however, limited research has evaluated the cumulative effects of these factors on bumble bee assemblages. This study tests bumble bee responses to climate and land use by modeling 1) occupancy (presence/absence); 2) species richness; 3) species-specific habitat requirements; and 4) assemblage-level responses across geographic regions. We integrated richness, abundance, and distribution data for 18 bumble bee species with site specific bioclimatic, landscape composition, and landscape configuration data to evaluate the effects of multiple environmental stressors on bumble bee assemblages throughout 433 agricultural fields in Florida, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, and West Virginia from 2018 to 2020. Increased prevalence of attractive crops was associated with increased bumble bee presence, while higher maximum temperature of warmest month and unattractive crops were linked to bumble bee absences. Bumble bee species richness was positively correlated with attractive crops and elevation but declined with precipitation of the wettest month. Moreover, species richness increased as maximum temperature of warmest month approached 29°C but declined at they rose to 36°C, suggesting a potential temperature threshold around 33°C. Distinct east vs. west groupings emerged when evaluating species-specific habitat associations, prompting a detailed evaluation of bumble bee assemblages by geographic region. Overall, climate and land use combine to drive bumble bee occupancy and assemblages, but how those processes operate is idiosyncratic and spatially contingent across regions. From these findings, we suggested regionally specific management practices to best support rich bumble bee assemblages in agroecosystems. Results from this study contribute to a better understanding of climate and landscape factors affecting bumble bees and their habitats throughout the USA.
Reliability of dynamic causal modelling of resting state magnetoencephalography
Authors: Jafarian Amirhossein , Assem Melek Karadag , Kocagoncu Ece , Lanskey Juliette H , Williams Rebecca , Cheng Yun-Ju , Quinn Andrew J , Pitt Jemma , Raymont Vanessa , Lowe Stephen , Singh Krish D , Woolrich Mark , Nobre Anna C , Henson Richard N , Friston Karl J , Rowe James B 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study assesses the reliability of resting-state dynamic causal modelling (DCM) of magneto-electroencephalography under conductance-based canonical microcircuit models, in terms of both posterior parameter estimates and model evidence. We use resting state magneto-electroencephalography (MEG) data from two sessions, acquired two weeks apart, from a cohort with high between-subject variance arising from Alzheimer’s disease. Our focus is not on the effect of disease, but on the predictive validity of the methods implicit in their reliability, which is crucial for future studies of disease progression and drug intervention. To assess the predictive validity of first-level DCMs, we compare model evidence associated with the covariance among subject-specific free energies (i.e., the ‘quality’ of the models) with vs. without interclass correlations. We then used parametric empirical Bayes (PEB) to investigate the predictive validity of DCM parameters at the between subject level. Specifically, we examined the evidence for or against parameter differences (i) within-subject, within-session, between-epochs; (ii) within-subject between-session and (iii) within-site between-subjects, accommodating the conditional dependency among parameter estimates. We show that for data acquired close in time, and under similar circumstances, more than 95% of inferred DCM parameters are unlikely to differ, speaking to mutual predictability over sessions. Using PEB, we show a reciprocal relationship between a conventional definition of ‘reliability’ and the conditional dependency among inferred model parameters. Our analyses confirm the predictive validity and reliability of the conductance-based DCMs for resting-state neurophysiological data. In this respect, the implicit generative modelling is suitable for interventional and longitudinal studies of neurological and psychiatric disorders.Abstract Figure