bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential drug response in pulmonary arterial hypertension: The potential for precision medicine
Authors: Miller Elise , Sampson Chinwuwanuju Ugo‐Obi , Desai Ankit A. , Karnes Jason H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, complex, and deadly cardiopulmonary disease. It is characterized by changes in endothelial cell function and smooth muscle cell proliferation in the pulmonary arteries, causing persistent vasoconstriction, resulting in right heart hypertrophy and failure. There are multiple drug classes specific to PAH treatment, but variation between patients may impact treatment response. A small subset of patients is responsive to pulmonary vasodilators and can be treated with calcium channel blockers, which would be deleterious if prescribed to a typical PAH patient. Little is known about the underlying cause of this important difference in vasoresponsive PAH patients. Sex, race/ethnicity, and pharmacogenomics may also factor into efficacy and safety of PAH‐specific drugs. Research has indicated that endothelin receptor antagonists may be more effective in women and there have been some minor differences found in certain races and ethnicities, but these findings are muddled by the impact of socioeconomic factors and a lack of representation of non‐White patients in clinical trials. Genetic variants in genes such as CYP3A5, CYP2C9, PTGIS, PTGIR, GNG2, CHST3, and CHST13 may influence the efficacy and safety of certain PAH‐specific drugs. PAH research faces many challenges, but there is potential for new methodologies to glean new insights into PAH development and treatment.
Long‐term sequelae following acute pulmonary embolism: A nationwide follow‐up study regarding the incidence of CTEPH, dyspnea, echocardiographic and V/Q scan abnormalities
Authors: Andersson Therese , Nilsson Lars , Larsen Flemming , Carlberg Bo , Söderberg Stefan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe aimed to follow a nationwide cohort of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) without any exclusions to generate information regarding long‐term symptoms, investigational findings and to determine the prevalence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We hypothesized that this approach would yield generalizable estimates of CTEPH prevalence and incidence. All individuals diagnosed with acute PE in Sweden in 2005 were identified using the National Patient Register. In 2007, survivors were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding current symptoms. Those with dyspnea were referred for further examinations with laboratory tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), and a ventilation/perfusion scan (V/Q scan). If CTEPH was suspected, a referral to the nearest pulmonary arterial hypertension‐center was recommended. Of 5793 unique individuals with PE diagnosis in 2005, 3510 were alive at the beginning of 2007. Altogether 53% reported dyspnea at some degree whereof a large proportion had V/Q scans indicating mismatched defects. Further investigation revealed 6 cases of CTEPH and in parallel 18 cases were diagnosed outside this study. The overall prevalence of CTEPH was 0.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.2%–0.6%) and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.4%–1.0%) among the survivors. The cumulative incidence of CTEPH in the group of patients who underwent a V/Q scan was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.2%–2.0%). There was a high mortality following an acute PE, a high proportion of persistent dyspnea among survivors, whereof several had pathological findings on V/Q scans and echocardiography. Only a minority developed CTEPH, indicating that CTEPH is the tip of the iceberg of post‐PE disturbances.
A new adaptive CUSUM control chart based on Hampel function to monitor location parameter
Authors: Akhtar Noureen , Abid Muhammad , Zaman Babar , Riaz Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo identify small‐to‐moderate shifts (also known as outliers and anomalies) in the process parameters (location and/or dispersion), the classical cumulative sum (CUSUM) and exponential weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts are famous. The traditional CUSUM control chart is less capable to detect out‐of‐control signals of 1.0 standard deviation shifts. The advanced versions of the traditional CUSUM and EWMA control charts are ACUSUM (adaptive CUSUM) and AEWMA (adaptive EWMA) control charts, respectively. The aforementioned issue of the traditional CUSUM control chart can be addressed through the ACSUUM control chart. It also identifies various sizes of shifts in the process parameters. In order to efficiently identify and remove outliers and anomalies (i.e., shifts) from datasets, the score functions are typically used to establish ACUSUM control charts. The goal of the study is to propose a new ACUSUM control chart based on the Hampel (score) function and it is symbolized as control chart. Different sizes of shift in the process location parameter can be distinguished using the control chart. The primary novelty is the substitution of a proposed time‐varying parameter for the typical CUSUM control chart's prioritization of the process characteristic by appropriate weights. The proposed control chart's run length feature is obtained through the Monte Carlo simulation technique for zero‐state and steady‐states. For evaluating a single shift, performance measures like average run length (ARL), standard deviation of run length (RL), and different percentiles of run length are preferred. However, for evaluating a range of shifts, extra quadratic loss, relative average run length, and performance comparison index are used. Comparison based on performance measures shows the superiority of the proposed control chart against the classical CUSUM and EWMA, ACUSUM, AEWMA, mixed EWMA‐CUSUM, and mixed CUSUM‐EWMA control charts. Furthermore, the proposed control chart is also implemented with real‐life data which is taken from cost of medical insurance to demonstrate its competency in statistical process control field for quality engineers, practitioners, experts, and researchers.
Synthesis, Antibacterial Activities and Theoretical Study of Polyhydroquinoline Derivatives
Authors: Ismail Muhammad , Ahmad Rashid , Latif Abdul , Khan Adnan Ali , Alam Aftab , Ozdemir Fethi Ahmet , Ammara  , Ali Mumtaz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the present study, novel bis‐Schiff base derivatives of polyhydroquinoline were synthesized through Hantzsch condensation reaction in excellent yields. Initially, a mixture of dimedone, ethyl acetoacetate, ammonium acetate and esterified aldehydes were refluxed in ethanol for 7–9 hrs. Then, hydrazine hydrate was treated with obtained polyhydroquinoline to form bis‐hydrazide of corresponding polyhydroquinoline. Finally, the bis‐hydrazide was independently refluxed with substituted aromatic aldehydes to get desired bis‐Schiff base derivatives of polyhydroquinoline. The new derivatives were confirmed by modern spectroscopic techniques such as 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS. The targeted compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method. The derivative with four OH‐group was found more effective against Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis IM, Bacillus subtilis ATCC, Salmonella enterica and Proteus vulgaris FMC II with zone of inhibition 8.3, 7.6, 7.3, 6.6 and 6.3 mm, respectively. DFT study of targeted compounds were performed on both materials studio and Gaussian 09 package, which showed good agreement with experimental data. The NLO of synthesized compounds were calculated and consider good candidates for NLO. The global reactivity, NBO and 1H‐NMR correlation were also studied, which showed good agreement. The cheap reagents, short reaction time and excellent yields are some features of current work.
Cross‐Linking Strategies for Silk‐Protein‐Based Inks for 3D Printing
Authors: Dong Xiaoyuan , Liu Fengqiang , Wang Liming , Xu Lihui , Pan Hong , Qi Junhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to excellent biocompatibility, sufficient raw material, robust mechanical properties and easy cross‐linking, Silk Fibroin (SF) is a promising protein for 3D printing inks and an ideal candidate for 3D scaffolds in fields like regenerative medicine, bioelectronics and bio‐optics. In order to meet the requirements of print accuracy, mechanical properties and form retention capabilities, the first step is to prepare SF 3D printing inks using physical, chemical or other strategies of cross‐linking. The basic chemical groups and physical structure of SF determines its ability to form 3D networks under different conditions using various cross‐linking strategies. In the preparation of SF‐based 3D printing inks, physical, chemical or other strategies of cross‐linking improve the qualities of printing, but each strategy has its advantages and disadvantages. This paper discusses different crosslinking strategies for SF to support the development of exciting potential for SF‐based 3D printing inks to meet more needs in the future.
Ni‐Pt Bimetallic Alloy Nanoparticles Dispersed Uniformly on Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient Electrooxidation Methanol
Authors: Wang Yizhong , Yan Ruiwen , Xiang Qun , Wu Chuanqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, Ni−Pt bimetallic alloy nanoparticles were loaded on carbon nanotubes to construct Ni−Pt nanoparticles/carbon nanotubes (Ni−Pt NPs/CNTs) composites as excellent catalytic materials for methanol electrooxidation reaction (MOR). X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and special aberration corrected transmission electron microscope (STEM) were employed to investigate the morphology of the material. It was confirmed that the Ni−Pt alloy nanoparticles dispersed uniformly on the surface of carbon nanotubes. The activity and stability of Ni−Pt NPs/CNTs composites were measured by chronoamperometry (CA), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The catalytic performance was explored by adjusting the ratio of Ni to Pt. The Ni1Pt2 NPs/CNTs composite showed excellent performance for MOR. Its mass activity for MOR was 1255 mA ⋅ mg−1Pt, which was 2.76, 2.56 times as that of commercial Pt/C, Pt black catalyst, respectively. Moreover, the resistance to CO toxicity of Ni1Pt2 NPs/CNTs composite was better than commercial Pt/C and Pt black catalyst.
2D Heterostructure of CoCl2/Co3O4 Built for Strong Enhanced Magnetism
Authors: Zhang Yunxiao , Zhang Di , Gao Bo , Xu Qun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs a remarkable structure, 2D magnetic heterojunctions have attracted researchers’ attention owing to their controlled manipulation in the electronic device. However, successful fabrication as well as modulation of their structure and compound remain challenging. Herein, a novel method is designed to obtain a CoCl2/Co3O4 heterojunction on Si/SiO2 substrate with the assistance of supercritical CO2 (SC CO2), and the as‐fabricated sample has significantly increased coercivity and saturation magnetization, which is 11 times higher than pure Co3O4. Further, it can be found that the CO2 pressure has the decisive effect on the saturation magnetization of the sample. Therefore, it suggests that the tunable electronic‐magnetic device can be anticipated to be obtained in the future.
Stability‐indicating method for quantification of potential genotoxic impurity and other organic impurities of chlorzoxazone using hyphenated techniques
Authors: Nagulancha Bhujanga Rao , Rao Vandavasi Koteswara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA simple, reliable, and stability‐indicating RP‐HPLC‐UV method was developed and validated for the estimation of related substances (p‐chlorophenol and unknown impurities) of chlorzoxazone (skeletal muscle relaxant). Along with this as the compound contains a potential genotoxic impurity (2‐amino‐4‐chlorophenol), which needs to have more sensitivity in quantification, we have also developed and validated a separate RP‐HPLC‐mass spectrometry (MS)/MS method for the estimation of 2‐amino‐4‐chlorophenol impurity. Both methods (RP‐HPLC‐UV & RP‐HPLC–MS/MS) were validated in accordance with International Council for Harmonization Q2(R1) and were found to be precise, accurate, robust, linear, and specific with limit of quantification values established with respect to 100% of test concentration, 0.018% w/w of p‐chlorophenol by RP‐HPLC‐UV, and 2 ppm of 2‐amino‐4‐chlorophenol by RP‐HPLC–MS.
Leichte Dach‐ und Wandbauteile mit einem Kern aus natürlichen Rohstoffen
Authors: Lange Jörg , Pradhan Eric Man , Renaux Thibault , Gervásio Helena , Olano Xabier , Huet Valérie , Izabel David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractZiel des im Folgenden vorgestellten Forschungsprojekts ist die Entwicklung von fünf Gebäudehüllsystemen aus Stahl mit niedrigem Kohlenstoffgehalt und innovativem Einsatz von Holzfaserdämmung. Es werden drei Sandwichelemente (Schrägdach, Flachdach, Fassade), eine doppelschalige Fassade und eine Fassadenverkleidung (Kassetten) entwickelt. Das Projekt umfasst eine Reihe von Tests, um alle relevanten Eigenschaften der Systeme zu untersuchen: Tragverhalten, Brandverhalten, Wärmedämmung, Akustik, Luft‐, Wasser‐ und Dampfdurchlässigkeit. Darüber hinaus wurden zwei Prototypen in Originalgröße gebaut, um das Verhalten der Systeme unter realen Bedingungen zu untersuchen. Die Bestimmung der LCA‐Indikatoren und ein Vergleich in Bezug auf den CO2‐Fußabdruck (GWP) mit konventionellen Systemen anhand eines bestehenden Bürogebäudes als Referenz werden ebenfalls durchgeführt. Ein wirtschaftlicher Vergleich zwischen dem voraussichtlichen Liefer‐ und Installationspreis der fünf innovativen Systeme und dem der bestehenden konventionellen Systeme ist geplant. Die Produktion der Sandwichelemente kann problemlos in die derzeitigen Produktionslinien integriert werden.
Treatment of Starch Wastewater by α‐Amylase Immobilized on Silica Infused Magnetite Nanoparticles for Maltose Syrup Preparation
Authors: Patel Harsh , Desai Rucha P. , Patel Darshan , Kikani Bhavtosh A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCasein decorated silicainfused magnetite (Fe3O4‐SiO2) nanoparticles are employed to immobilize commercial α‐amylase, where glutaraldehyde serves as a cross linker. The optimal concentration of variables, such as casein (1.4%w/v), Fe3O4‐SiO2 (106 µl), glutaraldehyde (55µl) and amylase (1 mg/ml) are defined by a Box Behnken design. The binding of casein, glutaraldehyde and enzyme over the nanoparticles are further confirmed structurally by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The loading capacity is 37 µg amylase over 1 µg of silica infused magnetite nanoparticles. The optimum pH for the catalysis of soluble and immobilized amylases is the same, i.e. pH 7. However, the pH range for catalysis is improved upon immobilization. The temperature optimum of soluble and immobilized amylases are 40 and 70 °C, respectively. The amylase stability is improved upon immobilization, as shown by enhanced half‐life and reduced deactivation rate constant. The immobilized amylase is used for 17 consecutive cycles with retention of 52% of the residual activity. The immobilized amylase produces high maltose syrup using the industrial wastewater containing corn starch. The ISO 5377 protocol determines dextrose equivalence values to be 36% and 24% during cycle 1 and cycle 2, respectively. The findings point out its possible commercial use.
Reduction in cervical length after vaginal progesterone in women with short cervix is significantly associated with preterm delivery at ≤ 34 weeks and < 37 weeks of gestation
Authors: Hernandez‐Andrade E. , Huntley E. S. , Sibai B. , Blackwell S. C. , Soto‐Torres E. E. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the association between changes in cervical length (CL) after vaginal progesterone treatment and preterm delivery (PTD).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study that included 197 singleton pregnancies without (n = 178) and with (n = 19) a history of PTD which were found to have a short cervix (≤ 25 mm) between 18 + 0 and 23 + 6 weeks' gestation with a follow‐up transvaginal CL measurement taken at least 1 week after vaginal progesterone treatment started. Receiver‐operating‐characteristics (ROC)‐curve analysis was performed and three CL shortening patterns were evaluated: (1) ≥ 10% reduction; (2) ≥ 20% reduction; and (3) ≥ 5 mm reduction relative to the first CL measurement. The predictive performance of each CL reduction cut‐off and its association with PTD ≤ 34 weeks and PTD < 37 weeks were evaluated.ResultsOverall, the rate of PTD ≤ 34 weeks was 16.8% (33/197) and that of PTD < 37 weeks was 36.5% (72/197). The area under the ROC curve of cervical shortening expressed in % for predicting PTD ≤ 34 weeks and PTD < 37 weeks was 0.703 and 0.608, respectively. Cervical shortening was observed in 60/197 (30.5%) patients, with 49/60 (81.7%) women showing ≥ 10% reduction, 32/60 (53.3%) ≥ 20% reduction and 27/60 (45.0%) ≥ 5 mm reduction in CL. Sensitivity and specificity for PTD ≤ 34 weeks were, respectively, 48.5% and 79.9% for ≥ 10% reduction; 36.4% and 87.8% for ≥ 20% reduction; and 27.3% and 89.0% for ≥ 5 mm reduction in CL. For PTD < 37 weeks, sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 36.1% and 81.6% for ≥ 10% reduction; 27.8% and 90.4% for ≥ 20% reduction; and 20.8% and 90.4% for ≥ 5 mm reduction in CL. The highest positive likelihood ratios for PTD ≤ 34 and < 37 weeks were for ≥ 20% CL reduction (2.98 (95% CI, 1.62–5.49) and 2.89 (95% CI, 1.52–5.57), respectively). Despite significant differences in sensitivity among the different cut‐offs for cervical shortening, favoring the ≥ 10% reduction cut‐off, a reduction of ≥ 20% in CL showed the strongest association with PTD ≤ 34 weeks (odds ratio (OR), 4.11 (95% CI, 1.75–9.62)) and < 37 weeks (OR, 3.62 (95% CI, 1.65–7.96)), as compared with a less pronounced reduction in CL.ConclusionsIn women with a short cervix treated with vaginal progesterone, a reduction in CL on a subsequent ultrasound scan can predict PTD ≤ 34 and < 37 weeks. A ≥ 20% reduction in CL had the highest positive likelihood ratio and strongest association with PTD ≤ 34 and < 37 weeks compared with ≥ 10% or ≥ 5 mm reduction. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Affecting the Colonist
Authors: Amico Stephen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter argues that queerness’s collegial alignment with ethnomusicology stems from a shared colonialist-masculinist foundation. Focusing on the ways in which the textual artifacts of queerness adhere closely to citation-based formats reliant upon theoretical canons, and the propensity of queer theory to ‘encompass’ globally dispersed sites, subjects, and practices, a provincial discourse on sexuality and subjectivity is revealed as continually self-represented as universal and unmarked, and instrumental in the monologic creation of a Euro- and Anglocentric epistemic line. Highlighting the differences between emotion and affect, it is ultimately argued that a queer embrace of both rage and its own capitalist/postmodern lineage would be instrumental in its annihilating occupation of ethnomusicology—a type of home work (rather than imperialist expansion) with salubrious consequences for a more global, epistemic equity.
Materialising Hygiene: Remedies, Commodities and Images
Authors: Ratschiller Nasim Linda Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter shows that hygiene had profound practical and material consequences for people in both West Africa and Europe. Hygiene was more than a metaphor used to encode religious virtues, scientific imperatives, cultural values, social interactions and colonial anxieties. It was a practice that materialised itself in and on individual bodies, and crucially depended on material aids such as drugs, medical equipment, sanitary articles and specific clothing. The Basel Mission actively engaged with these tools of hygiene, from an early interest in natural remedies in West Africa to the establishment of a thriving commodity culture surrounding tropical hygiene around 1900. Remedies and commodities circulating through missionary networks shaped bodily practices, while images produced and propagated by the Basel Mission left a visual legacy that informs our understanding of purity, health and cleanliness to this day. Examined critically, these material and visual sources reveal the profoundly interactive nature of missionary encounters and testify to the conceptual, practical and material exchanges between people in West Africa and Europe.
The Scientific Space of Knowledge: Medical Missionaries, Tropical Medicine and the Age of Hygiene
Authors: Ratschiller Nasim Linda Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter shows that the Basel Mission doctors participated in a scientific space of knowledge, in which hygiene came to dominate a wide range of research areas and radically transformed people’s lives across all levels of European societies. It starts by asking how and why the Basel Mission embraced mission medicine based on scientific methods, making it the first Germanophone evangelical mission society to deploy academically trained medical missionaries from the 1880s. These medical missionaries moved in international academic circles, published in medical journals and contributed to the scientific debates of the time. Hygiene broadened the interests of the Basel Mission doctors, allowing them to link themselves with the contemporary zeitgeist and to free themselves from accusations of puritan narrowness. The fact that they succeeded in positioning themselves as important protagonists in the nineteenth-century hygiene movement reveals that the seemingly scientific arguments presented by medical experts, social reformers and political authorities worked in much the same way as older religious purity regulations.
Experiences and facilitators of physical activity engagement amongst colorectal and endometrial cancer survivors: the Wearable Activity Technology and Action-Planning (WATAAP) trial
Authors: Hardcastle Sarah J. , Douglass Emma , Wilson Bree , Maxwell-Smith Chloe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study explored colorectal and endometrial cancer survivors’ experiences of participation in a wearable intervention and the dimensions that influenced intervention engagement and physical activity behaviour change.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews (n= 23) were conducted with intervention participants (mean age 65.8 (SD ±7.1) and analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Four main themes were identified: (i) commitment, (ii) accountability and monitoring, (iii) routine, (iv) Fitbit as health coach. Those that assigned a higher priority to PA were more likely to schedule PA and be successful in PA change. Those less successful presented more barriers to change and engaged in more incidental PA. The Fitbit acting as health coach was the active ingredient of the intervention.

Conclusions
Commitment evidenced through prioritising PA was the foundational dimension that influenced PA engagement. Interventions that foster commitment to PA through increasing the value and importance of PA would be worthwhile. Wearables holds great promise in PA promotion and harnessing the technique of discrepancy between behaviour and goals is likely a valuable behaviour change technique.