bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the impact of quasar-driven outflows on galaxies at z ∼ 0.3–0.4
Authors: Hervella Seoane K. , Ramos Almeida C. , Acosta-Pulido J. A. , Speranza G. , Tadhunter C. N. , Bessiere P. S. 
Published: October 2023

Aims. We present a detailed study of the kinematics of 19 type 2 quasars (QSO2s) with redshifts in the range 0.3 < z < 0.41 and [OIII] luminosities of L[OIII] > 108.5 L⊙. We aim to advance our understanding of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback phenomenon by correlating outflow properties with (i) young stellar populations (YSPs) with ages < 100 Myr, (ii) the optical morphology and the environment of the galaxies, and (iii) the radio luminosity.
Methods. We characterized the ionized gas kinematics using the [OIII]λ5007 Å emission line profiles detected in intermediate spectral resolution (R ∼ 1500–2500) optical spectra of the QSO2s. To do this, we employed three different outflow detection methods: multicomponent parametric, flux-weighted nonparametric, and peak-weighted nonparametric.
Results. We detect ionized outflows in 18 of the 19 QSO2s using the parametric analysis, and in all of them using the nonparametric methods. We find higher outflow masses using the parametric analysis (average log MOF(M⊙) = 6.47  ±  0.50), and higher mass rates and kinetic powers with the flux-weighted nonparametric method (MOF = 4.0  ±  4.4 M⊙ yr−1 and Ekin = 41.9  ±  0.6 erg s−1). However, when we use the parametric method and the maximum outflow velocities (vmax), we measure the highest outflow mass rates and kinetic energies (MOF = 23  ±  35 M⊙ yr−1 and log(Ekin) = 42.9  ±  0.6 erg s−1). We do not find any significant correlation between the outflow properties and the previously mentioned AGN and galaxy-wide properties.
Conclusions. Four of the five QSO2s without a YSP of age < 100 Myr show highly disturbed kinematics, whereas only 5 out of the 14 QSO2s with YSPs show similarly asymmetric [OIII] profiles. Despite the small sample size, this might be indicative of negative feedback. The lack of a correlation between the outflow properties and the galaxies optical morphologies might be due to their different dynamical timescales (millions of years in the case of the outflows versus billions of years in the case of galaxy mergers). Last, the small radio luminosity range covered by our sample, log(L5 GHz) = [22.1, 24.7] W Hz−1, may impede the detection of any correlation between radio emission and outflow properties.
Was bewirken Biofaktoren bei Diabetes und diabetischen
Folgeerkrankungen?
Authors: Birkelbach Daniela , Kisters Klaus , Classen Hans Georg 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungPatienten mit einem Diabetes mellitus oder diabetischen Begleit- und
Folgeerkrankungen können neben der Basistherapie aus gesunder
Lebensweise und einer optimierten Glukoseeinstellung von einer zielgerichteten
Versorgung mit Biofaktoren wie Vitaminen und Mineralstoffen profitieren. Das
gilt insb. für Magnesium, Chrom und Zink sowie die Vitamine
B1 und B12.
Die schwarze Johannisbeere und Neuroprotektion
Authors: Böhm Udo 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungNeurodegenerative Erkrankungen zählen zu den Systemkrankheiten und sind
weit verbreitet. Basis für die Prävention und Therapie dieser
Krankheiten stellt die Lebensstilmedizin dar. Neue wissenschaftliche
Erkenntnisse bzgl. der Inhaltsstoffe, insb. der Anthocyane, und deren Wirkungen
rechtfertigen den Einsatz von schwarzen Johannisbeeren als Nutrazeutikum.
What really works in preventing fraud against organisations and do decision-makers really need to know?
Authors: Button Mark , Hock Branislav , Shepherd David , Gilmour Paul M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn evidence base of what works using high-quality evaluations in tackling societal problems has become the norm in many spheres, including tackling traditional crime. Yet, as we show in the example of fraud faced by organisations, high-quality evaluations are not always possible, or even necessary for tackling problems effectively. Drawing on a review of over 400 research studies exploring the prevention of fraud, this paper finds a paucity of studies meeting the highest quality of standards of evaluation using the Maryland Scale. This is largely because of the barriers to implementing the Maryland Scale, given the challenges of measuring fraud, rather than because of a low quality of research per se. In the absence of high-quality evaluations, this paper uses a novel alternative to the Maryland scale to identify a range of effective tools that organisations can use to prevent fraud. Finally, the paper provides practical and theoretical reflections upon a broader problem of how and to what extent scientific evaluations of high-quality evidence are necessary in combating fraud effectively.
Breast cancer survivors’ experiences of pet ownership: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Currin-McCulloch Jennifer , Kogan Lori R. , Malone Amelia , Schwab Savannah , Cook Linda S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Research suggests that the emotional bond shared with a pet can be particularly significant for those with declining physical health, yet little is known about breast cancer survivors’ experiences with pet ownership. The purpose of this study was to explore breast cancer survivors’ pet-related experiences including the benefits, challenges, and unmet needs. Adults (ages 18 and older), diagnosed with stages 0 (
in situ
)-IV breast cancer and currently the primary owner of at least one dog or cat for at least 6 months were recruited through cancer treatment and support organizations and pet and breast cancer social media outlets. An online, anonymous, cross-sectional, mixed method survey was developed that included seven open-ended prompts to explore the stressors and benefits breast cancer survivors encountered in caring for a pet during cancer treatment and survivorship, as well as their advice for medical providers and other breast cancer survivors. Breast cancer survivors (
n
= 221) responded to the online survey between July and November 2022. Researchers used the thematic analysis method to analyze salient themes in the data and descriptive statistics to summarize participants’ sociodemographic variables. The seven open-ended prompts resulted in four key themes:
my furry reason to keep fighting; seeking quality care resources; my pets are my family;
and
someone special is waiting for you
. Findings from this study suggest practical ways that medical and mental health providers and communities can enhance the well-being of survivors and support the invaluable relationships with their pets.
Complex role of strain engineering of lattice thermal conductivity in hydrogenated graphene-like borophene induced by high-order phonon anharmonicity
Authors: He Jia , Yu Cuiqian , Lu Shuang , Shan Shuyue , Zhang Zhongwei , Chen Jie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Strain engineering has been used as a versatile tool for regulating the thermal transport in various materials as a result of the phonon frequency shift. On the other hand, the phononic bandgap can be simultaneously tuned by the strain, which can play a critical role in wide phononic bandgap materials due to the high-order phonon anharmonicity. In this work, we investigate the complex role of uniaxial tensile strain on the lattice thermal conductivity of hydrogenated graphene-like borophene, by using molecular dynamics simulations with a machine learning potential. Our findings highlight a novel and intriguing phenomenon that the thermal conductivity in the armchair direction is non-monotonically dependent on the uniaxial armchair strain. Specifically, we uncover that the increase of phonon group velocity and the decrease of three-phonon scattering compete with the enhancement of four-phonon scattering under armchair strain, leading to the non-monotonic dependence. The enhanced four-phonon scattering originates from the unique bridged B–H bond that can sensitively control the phononic bandgap under armchair strain. This anomalous non-monotonic strain-dependence highlights the complex interplay between different mechanisms governing thermal transport in 2D materials with large phononic bandgaps. Our study offers valuable insights for designing innovative thermal management strategies based on strain.
Investigation of test methods for QC in dual-energy based contrast-enhanced digital mammography systems: I. Iodine signal testing
Authors: Cockmartin L , Bosmans H , Marshall N W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The technique of dual-energy contrast enhanced mammography (CEM) visualizes iodine uptake in cancerous breast lesions following an intravenous injection of a contrast medium. The CEM image is generated by recombining two images acquired in rapid succession: a low energy image, with a mean energy below the iodine K-edge, and a higher energy image. The first part of this study examines the use of both commercially available and custom made phantoms to investigate iodine imaging under different imaging conditions, with the focus on quality control (QC) testing. Four CEM equipped systems were included in the study, with units from Fujifilm, GE Healthcare, Hologic and Siemens-Healthineers. The CEM parameters assessed in part I were: (1) image signal as a function of iodine concentration, measured in breast tissue simulating backgrounds of varying thickness and adipose/glandular compositions; (2) normal breast texture cancellation in homogeneous and structured backgrounds; (3) visibility of iodinated structures. For all four systems, a linear response to iodine concentration was found but the degree to which this was independent of background composition differed between the systems. Good cancellation of the glandular tissue inserts was found on all the units. Visibility scores of iodinated targets were similar between the four systems. Specialized phantoms are needed to fully evaluate important CEM performance markers, such as system response to iodine concentration and the ability of the system to cancel background texture. An extensive evaluation of the iodine signal imaging performance is recommended at the Commissioning stage for a new CEM device.
Radiation-induced acoustic signal denoising using a supervised deep learning framework for imaging and therapy monitoring
Authors: Jiang Zhuoran , Wang Siqi , Xu Yifei , Sun Leshan , Gonzalez Gilberto , Chen Yong , Wu Q Jackie , Xiang Liangzhong , Ren Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Radiation-induced acoustic (RA) imaging is a promising technique for visualizing the invisible radiation energy deposition in tissues, enabling new imaging modalities and real-time therapy monitoring. However, RA imaging signal often suffers from poor signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), thus requiring measuring hundreds or even thousands of frames for averaging to achieve satisfactory quality. This repetitive measurement increases ionizing radiation dose and degrades the temporal resolution of RA imaging, limiting its clinical utility. In this study, we developed a general deep inception convolutional neural network (GDI-CNN) to denoise RA signals to substantially reduce the number of frames needed for averaging. The network employs convolutions with multiple dilations in each inception block, allowing it to encode and decode signal features with varying temporal characteristics. This design generalizes GDI-CNN to denoise acoustic signals resulting from different radiation sources. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using experimental data of x-ray-induced acoustic, protoacoustic, and electroacoustic signals both qualitatively and quantitatively. Results demonstrated the effectiveness of GDI-CNN: it achieved x-ray-induced acoustic image quality comparable to 750-frame-averaged results using only 10-frame-averaged measurements, reducing the imaging dose of x-ray-acoustic computed tomography (XACT) by 98.7%; it realized proton range accuracy parallel to 1500-frame-averaged results using only 20-frame-averaged measurements, improving the range verification frequency in proton therapy from 0.5 to 37.5 Hz; it reached electroacoustic image quality comparable to 750-frame-averaged results using only a single frame signal, increasing the electric field monitoring frequency from 1 fps to 1k fps. Compared to lowpass filter-based denoising, the proposed method demonstrated considerably lower mean-squared-errors, higher peak-SNR, and higher structural similarities with respect to the corresponding high-frame-averaged measurements. The proposed deep learning-based denoising framework is a generalized method for few-frame-averaged acoustic signal denoising, which significantly improves the RA imaging’s clinical utilities for low-dose imaging and real-time therapy monitoring.
Gauge fixing in cosmological perturbations of Unimodular Gravity
Authors: Linares Cedeño Francisco X. , Nucamendi Ulises 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith focus on the cosmological evolution of linear perturbations of matter and geometry, we calculate the equivalent expressions to that of the Newtonian and Synchronous gauges within the framework of Unimodular Gravity, being these two gauges commonly used and implemented in Boltzmann codes. An important aspect of our analysis is the inclusion of the energy-momentum current violation, as well as its perturbations. Moreover, for the first time we demonstrate that it is possible to fix both gauges consistently, although as it has been already noticed in previous literature, neither of them is recovered in the sense of the dynamics given in General Relativity for matter and metric fluctuations. Specifically, we show that since the unimodular constraint at the level of linear perturbations lead to only one degree of freedom of scalar modes of metric fluctuations, the dynamics in Unimodular Gravity forces to keep the anisotropic stress in the Newtonian gauge, whereas the cold dark matter comoving frame can not be set in the Synchronous gauge. The physical implications on the density contrast of cold dark matter is reviewed, and the Sachs-Wolfe effect is obtained and compared with previous results in the literature of cosmological perturbations in Unimodular Gravity.
Upgrading Neutron Imaging Facility at TRR-1/M1 Reactor
Authors: Pornroongruengchok Weerawat , Wonglee Sarinrat , Kotayee Sutasinee , Thongjerm Piyanud 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The neutron imaging system at Thai Research Reactor 1/Modification 1 (TRR-1/M1) is located at Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology, Bangkok. It has been developed for research on non-destructive investigation using radiography and tomography techniques. The main instruments of the system consist of a neutron camera, a sample rotation system operated by in-house developed software, and a neutron shutter remotely controlled via a WIFI switch. In the first half of 2022, the TRR-1/M1 was temporarily shut down for annual maintenance. Meanwhile, additional shielding was installed in the imaging room for improving radiation safety. The current neutron camera was replaced with a new one to improve the imaging system performance. The camera performance, such as brightness and image quality, were investigated by varying the exposure time and imaging of the resolution test pattern, Siemens star, respectively. The results showed that the new camera set has higher brightness than the old one about 41% when compared to 70% grey value of 16 bit-format. The spatial resolution of 2D and 3D images were 0.59 mm and 1.37 mm, respectively. Moreover, the additional shields could reduce the radiation level around the reactor hall about 6-7 times. Then, neutron tomography using a new camera will be conducted to present the 3D visualization of various samples.
Introduction to Neutron Radiography Facilities at the Japan Research Reactor-3
Authors: Kurita K , Iikura H , Tsuchikawa Y , Kai T , Shinohara T , Odaira N , Ito D , Saito Y , Matsubayashi M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Japan Research Reactor-3 (JRR-3) resumed its operations on February 26, 2021, and user program was restarted in July 2021. With the resumption of JRR-3 operation, two imaging facilities, the Thermal Neutron Radiography Facility (TNRF) and the Cold Neutron Radiography Facility (CNRF), have also resumed operations. At the TNRF, the imaging detection system, i.e. the cameras and light-tight boxes, has been updated, and the imaging performance has been investigated. The spatial resolution was measured using imaging plates at the CNRF. In this manuscript, we report the details of these two neutron facilities.
A work-horse neutron imaging station at the Laboratorio Energia Nucleare Applicata (LENA) in Pavia (Italy): Instrumental components and applications in the frame of the CHNet-NICHE INFN experiment.
Authors: Grazzi F , Cantini F , Sans-Planell O , Magalini M , Vigorelli L , Marcucci G , Clemenza M , Morigi M , Re A , Alloni D , Prata M , Gelli N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, achieved results on the NICHE project (Neutron Imaging in Cultural HEritage) are presented. It fits in the frame of the Cultural Heritage Network (CHNet) of the Italian Nuclear Physics Institute (INFN), and is devoted to the development and usage of a new neutron imaging station on the thermal port of the 250 kW TRIGA Mark-II reactor installed in the Laboratorio Energia Nucleare Applicata (LENA) in Pavia (Italy). The application of neutron radiography to the diagnostic in the cultural heritage field is quite widespread among the research community since it is a non-invasive technique which allows for revealing of the inner structure of the investigated objects, the identification of different materials and their relative spatial distribution with a suitable level of resolution and contrast. We present here the status and progresses within the project: technical characteristics of the beamline and the imaging station component, measuring configuration, possible applications, and examples.
Flexible camera detector box design using 3D printers
Authors: Schillinger B , Geerits N , Jünger T , Matoušková J , Neuwirth T , Oppermann F , Sebold S , Sponar S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the early days of electronic neutron imaging, the best available and most expensive components were used to build detectors. Experience has shown that only few parameters are truly important, so we have built a whole new line of specialized neutron imaging detectors based on astronomy cameras and 3D printed housings with external shielding. As an additional benefit, 3D printed housings produce no gammas on neutron capture, and provide nearly spot-free images. Plans and print files for 3D printed detectors are available for free on request.
Design and validation of a neutron double crystal monochromator for ICON
Authors: Kaestner A P , Schüpbach D , Malamud F , Busi M , Strobl M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Many applications using neutron imaging for materials science use diffraction-based contrast to explore and understand the condition of the samples. Diffraction-based methods require wavelength resolution. The neutron imaging instrument ICON at Paul Scherrer Institut has, until recently, only provided this functionality using a velocity selector. We designed a new double crystal monochromator (DCM) for the conditions at ICON as an option to meet the wavelength resolution demands of specific advanced methods such as diffraction contrast neutron imaging. The DCM can also be combined with the velocity selector. The device uses two pyrolitic graphite crystals as active components, allowing the selection of wavelengths in the interval 2–6 Å. This wavelength interval covers the main applications for wavelength-selective imaging considered at ICON. The device is designed for installation near the instrument shutter system. This position has the advantage that the effective field of view is maximized at the experiment position due to the beam divergence of the ICON. On the other hand, this position means that the beam displacement relative to the initial beam is relatively short. Thus, shielding is vital for the installation. We describe the device design and show the results from the first characterization experiments.
Diagnosis of the conservation status in archaeological objects from Museo de la Patagonia by using imaging complementary techniques
Authors: Schweickardt J M , Bradbury R , Bianchi Villelli M , Kardjilov N , Cantargi F , Vega N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present the application of imaging complementary techniques to the interdisciplinary study of a selection of archaeological metal objects belonging to funerary assets from Patagonean Indigenous. This selection belongs to the archaeological collection “Andres Giai” which is under the care of the Museum of Patagonia, Bariloche, Argentina. It was regrettably left with no contextual data and most of the objects were kept in uncontrolled storage conditions over many years. Its general conservation status motivated the design and implementation of an interdisciplinary methodology to address a Conservation Plan considering the application of analytical techniques for materials in its approach. This work intends to achieve the first stage on this Plan, which consists in a suitable diagnosis of the conservation-status to specific and representative pieces of the Andrés Giai metal collection. We highlight the Diagnosis stage as the most important to determine accurate treatments for each object during any conservation plan. The diagnosis was carried out by implementing neutron and X-Ray tomography at the Helmholtz Zenturm Berlin, Germany. The results obtained allowed us to: study the distribution of corrosion products and other degradation products such as crusts; verify the presence of a metal core under these product, study the homogeneity of the thicknesses, and show characteristics of the internal surfaces. This information is vital for the proposal of tailored conservation treatments that allow guaranteeing sustainable interventions.
Digital radial radiography on radioactive waste packages using fission neutrons
Authors: Bücherl T , Rummel S , Gostomski Ch Lierse v. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Various methods for the non-destructive characterization of radioactive waste packages are applied in routine operation for identification and quantification of their radioactive inventory. As accuracy and precision play are an important role in the final documentation, an approach based on Bayesian statistics is presented for the evaluation of transmission data measured by digital radial radiography. The results of these data evaluations are probability density functions allowing to make predictions of the probability for a value a parameter can have. Furthermore a priori information can be easily considered in these evaluations. The applicability of the method is demonstrated by some elementary examples and shall act encouragingly for interested users for own investigations.
Development of in-situ Delayed Hydride Cracking tests using neutron imaging to study the H redistribution in Zr-2.5%Nb
Authors: Soria S.R. , Gomez A. , Grosse M. , Schulz M. , Santisteban J.R. , Vizcaino P. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Delayed Hydride Cracking (DHC) is a failure mechanism that occurs in Zr alloys under certain conditions of hydrogen concentration, temperature and stress gradient. In service, hydrogen produced by corrosion reaction can be incorporated in Zr alloys and if the solid solubility is exceeded, hydrogen precipitates as zirconium hydride. The presence of a stress concentrator, such as a crack, generates the hydrogen diffusion and precipitation to the high stress zone beginning the DHC process. In this work, in-situ DHC tests in air at 250°C were performed at ANTARES, the neutron imaging facility of the FRM-II reactor. Samples of Zr2.5%Nb produced from extruded tubes and pressure tubes were studied using a stress rig specially modified to perform DHC tests in the neutron beam. H redistribution during mechanical testing was followed in-situ by registering the changes in neutron transmission. The results were compared with the images obtained by light optical microscopy after the tests. The results highlight the capabilities of neutron imaging to analyze time-dependent H distribution during DHC crack growth.