bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deciphering tumor immune microenvironment differences between high-grade serous and endometrioid ovarian cancer to investigate their potential in indicating immunotherapy response
Authors: Yang Hua , Gu Xiangyu , Fan Rong , Zhu Qun , Zhong Sen , Wan Xirun , Chen Qian , Zhu Lan , Feng Fengzhi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Ovarian cancer is a significant public health concern with a poor prognosis for epithelial ovarian cancer. To explore the potential of immunotherapy in treating epithelial ovarian cancer, we investigated the immune microenvironments of 52 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, including 43 with high-grade serous ovarian cancer and 9 with endometrioid ovarian cancer.

Results
Fresh tumor tissue was analyzed for genetic mutations and various parameters related to immune evasion and infiltration. The mean stromal score (stromal cell infiltration) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer was higher than in endometrioid ovarian cancer. The infiltration of CD8 T cells and exhausted CD8 T cells were found to be more extensive in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion scores, T cell exclusion scores, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) scores were also higher in the high-grade serous ovarian cancer group, suggesting that the number of cytotoxic lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment of high-grade serous ovarian cancer is likely lower compared to endometrioid ovarian cancer.

Conclusions
The high mean stromal score and more extensive infiltration and exhaustion of CD8 T cells in high-grade serous ovarian cancer indicate that high-grade serous ovarian cancer exhibits a higher level of cytotoxic T cell infiltration, yet these T cells tend to be in a dysfunctional state. Higher Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion scores, T cell exclusion scores, and CAF scores in high-grade serous ovarian cancers suggest that immune escape is more likely to occur in high-grade serous ovarian cancer, thus endometrioid ovarian cancer may be more conducive to immunotherapy. Therefore, it is crucial to design immunotherapy clinical trials for ovarian cancer to distinguish between high-grade serous and endometrioid ovarian cancer from the outset. This distinction will help optimize treatment strategies and improve outcomes for patients with different subtypes.
Differential expression pattern of Bcl-2 family members in B and T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kielbassa K , Van der Weele L , Voskuyl AE , de Vries N , Eldering E , Kuijpers TW 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the expression level of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins in B and T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in relation to disease activity and the effect of various Bcl-2 family inhibitors (BH3 mimetics) as potential treatment.

Methods
We included 14 SLE patients, 12 RA patients, and 13 healthy controls to study anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1 expression and cell survival in different B and T cell subsets using stimulation assays and intracellular flow cytometry. Effect of various BH3 mimetics was assessed by cell viability analyses.

Results
In SLE, significant differences in Bcl-2 family members were confined to the B cell compartment with decreased induction of Bcl-XL (p ≤ 0.05) and Mcl-1 (p ≤ 0.001) upon CpG stimulation. In RA, we did not observe any differences in expression levels of Bcl-2 family proteins. Expression patterns did not correlate with disease activity apart from decreased induction of Mcl-1 in B cells in active SLE. After in vitro stimulation with CpG, plasmablasts were more viable after treatment with three different BH3 mimetics compared to naïve or memory B cells in control and patient cells. After activation, Mcl-1 inhibition was most effective in reducing plasmablast and T cell viability, however, less in patients than controls.

Conclusion
Our study provides evidence for the increased differential expression pattern of Bcl-2 family members in B and T cell subsets of patients with SLE compared to controls. Tested BH3 mimetics showed higher efficacy in controls compared to both autoimmune diseases, though nonsignificant due to low patient numbers.
Machine Learning Based Reactivity Prediction of Fly Ash Type F Produced from South Korea
Authors: Park Woo-Young , Moon Juhyuk 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFly ash (FA) is the most commonly used supplementary cementitious material in the world. However, the reactivity of FA varies substantially. In this study, new machine learning (ML) model has been developed to efficiently predict the amorphous content in FA type F. Compared to the existing ML model using types F and C of FA from different countries, this study more focused on the improved prediction of FA type F only produced from South Korea. It was found that the contents of CaO and SiO2 impact high in predicting the amount of aluminosilicate glass. However, the contribution of Al2O3 and Fe2O3 are ranked differently. The improved model algorithm was proposed as a combination of three ensemble techniques of bagging, boosting, and stacking. As a result of the test, the final model shows $${R}^{2}$$

R

2

of 0.80 in predicting the amount of aluminosilicate glass in FA type F.
New aspects of the upper atmospheric disturbances caused by the explosive eruption of the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano
Authors: Shinbori Atsuki , Otsuka Yuichi , Sori Takuya , Nishioka Michi , Septi Perwitasari , Tsuda Takuo , Nishitani Nozomu , Kumamoto Atsushi , Tsuchiya Fuminori , Matsuda Shoya , Kasahara Yoshiya , Matsuoka Ayako , Nakamura Satoko , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Shinohara Iku 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) undersea volcanic eruption that occurred at 04:15 UT on 15 January 2022 is one of the most explosive events in the modern era, and a vertical plume reached approximately 55 km, corresponding to a height of the lower mesosphere. The intense explosion and subsequent plume generated acoustic and atmospheric gravity waves detected by ground-based instruments worldwide. Because a global-scale atmospheric and ionospheric response to the large volcanic eruption has not yet been observed, it provides a unique opportunity to promote interdisciplinary studies of coupling processes in lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere with ground-based and satellite observations and modeling. Further, this event allows us to elucidate the propagation and occurrence features of traveling ionospheric disturbances, the generation of equatorial plasma bubbles, the cause of electron density holes around the volcano, and the magnetic conjugacy of magnetic field perturbations. The most notable point among these studies is that the medium-scale travelling traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) have magnetic conjugacy even in the daytime ionosphere and are generated by an external electric field, such as an E-region dynamo field, due to the motions of neutrals in the thermosphere. This advocates a new generation mechanism of MSTIDs other than the neutral oscillation associated with atmospheric gravity waves and electrified MSTIDs, which are frequently observed during daytime and nighttime, respectively. This paper reviews the recent studies of atmospheric and ionospheric disturbances after the HTHH volcanic eruption and summarizes what we know from this extreme event analysis. Further, we analyzed new datasets not shown in previous studies to give some new insights to understanding of some related phenomena. As a result, we also found that 4-min plasma flow oscillations caused by the acoustic resonance appeared with the amplitude of approximately 30 m/s in the northern hemisphere a few hours before the initial arrival of the air pressure waves. The propagation direction was westward, which is the same as that of the daytime MSTIDs with a magnetic conjugate feature. This result suggests that the 4-min oscillations are generated by an external electric field transmitted to the northern hemisphere along magnetic field lines.
Graphical Abstract
Pneumo-mediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, and pneumo-scrotum with extensive increasing subcutaneous emphysema: a rare presentation of colonic perforation
Authors: Haldeniya Kulbhushan , Krishna S. R. , Raghavendra Annagiri , Singh Pawan Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Colonic perforation usually presents with classical signs of peritonitis. However, isolated retroperitoneal colonic perforation can present with varied clinical signs and symptoms and pose diagnostic challenges. Pneumo-mediastinum and abdominal subcutaneous emphysema can be one of the presenting signs of colonic perforation.

Case report
A 33-year-old male presented with abdominal distension and extensive subcutaneous emphysema over the abdomen, pneumo-mediastinum, and pneumo-scrotum secondary to sigmoid colon perforation from a foreign body. The patient did not have classical signs of peritonitis.

Conclusion
Being vigilant about the potential of colonic perforation is crucial when observing a significantly increasing subcutaneous emphysema across different parts of the body. Attending clinicians should always keep intraabdominal pathology in mind when a direct cause for these symptoms cannot be found and the patient’s symptoms become progressive.
Predictive Value of Minimal Residual Disease for Efficacy of Rituximab Maintenance in Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Results From the European Mantle Cell Lymphoma Elderly Trial
Authors: Hoster Eva , Delfau-Larue Marie-Hélène , Macintyre Elizabeth , Jiang Linmiao , Stilgenbauer Stephan , Vehling-Kaiser Ursula , Salles Gilles , Thieblemont Catherine , Tilly Hervé , Wirths Stefan , Feugier Pierre , Hübel Kai , Schmidt Christian , Ribrag Vincent , Kluin-Nelemans Johanna C. , Dreyling Martin , Pott Christiane ,   on behalf of the European MCL MRD Working Group and the European MCL Network
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE The outcome of older patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) has improved by the introduction of immunochemotherapy, followed by rituximab (R)-maintenance. Assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) represents a promising tool for individualized treatment decisions and was a prospectively planned part of the European MCL Elderly trial. We investigated how MRD status influenced the efficacy of R-maintenance and how MRD can enable tailored consolidation strategies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Previously untreated patients with MCL age 60 years or older have been randomly assigned to R versus interferon-alpha maintenance after response to rituximab, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide (R-FC) versus rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (R-CHOP). MRD monitoring was performed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) following EuroMRD guidelines. RESULTS A qPCR assay with a median sensitivity of 1 × 10−5 could be generated in 80% of 288 patients in an international, multicenter, multilaboratory setting. More extensive tumor dissemination facilitated the identification of a molecular marker. The efficacy of R-maintenance in clinical remission was confirmed for MRD-negative patients at the end of induction in terms of progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR], 0.38 [95% CI, 0.21 to 0.63]) and overall survival (OS; HR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.20 to 0.68]), particularly in R-CHOP–treated patients (PFS-HR, 0.23 [95% CI, 0.10 to 0.52]; OS-HR, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.52]). R-maintenance appeared less effective in MRD-positive patients (PFS-HR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.26 to 1.02]) overall and after R-CHOP induction (PFS-HR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.28 to 1.26]). R-FC achieved more frequent and faster MRD clearance compared with R-CHOP. MRD positivity in clinical remission after induction was associated with a short median time to clinical progression of approximately 1-1.7 years. CONCLUSION The results confirm the strong efficacy of R-maintenance in patients who are MRD-negative after induction. Treatment de-escalation for MRD-negative patients is discouraged by our results. More effective consolidation strategies should be explored in MRD-positive patients to improve their long-term prognosis.
Rate of Pathogenic Germline Variants in Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Sorscher Steven , LoPiccolo Jaclyn , Heald Brandie , Chen Elaine , Bristow Sara L. , Michalski Scott T. , Nielsen Sarah M. , Lacoste Alix , Keyder Emil , Lee Hayan , Nussbaum Robert L. , Martins Renato , Esplin Edward D. 
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE Germline genetic testing (GGT) is now recommended for all patients diagnosed with ovarian or pancreatic cancer and for a large proportion of patients based solely on a diagnosis of colorectal or breast cancer. However, GGT is not yet recommended for all patients diagnosed with lung cancer (LC), primarily because of a lack of evidence that supports a significant frequency of identifying pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in these patients. This study characterizes GGT results in a cohort of patients with LC. METHODS We reviewed deidentified data for 7,788 patients with GGT (2015-2022). PGV frequencies were compared to a control cohort of unaffected individuals. GGT results were stratified by genomic ancestry, history of cancer, and PGV clinical actionability per current guidelines. RESULTS Of all patients with LC, 14.9% (1,161/7,788) had PGVs. The rate was similar when restricted to patients with no cancer family history (FH) or personal history (PH) of other cancers (14.3%). PGVs were significantly enriched in BRCA2, ATM, CHEK2, BRCA1, and mismatch repair genes compared with controls. Patients of European (EUR) genomic ancestry had the highest PGV rate (18%) and variants of uncertain significance were significantly higher in patients of non-EUR genomic ancestry. Of the PGVs identified, 61.3% were in DNA damage repair (DDR) genes and 95% were clinically actionable. CONCLUSION This retrospective study shows a LC diagnosis identifies patients with a significant likelihood of having a cancer-predisposing PGV across genomic ancestries. Enrichment of PGVs in DDR genes suggests that these PGVs may contribute to LC cancer predisposition. The frequency of PGVs among patients with LC did not differ significantly according to FH or PH of other cancers.
Improvement of Pulmonary Function and Reconstructed 3-Dimensional Lung Volume After Halo-Pelvic Traction Combined With Posterior Correction for Severe Rigid Spinal Scoliosis: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Liu Zhiming , Zhong Junlong , Ma Shengbiao , Yang Cao , Wan Wenbing , Wan Zongmiao , Mamat Mardan , Wang Yingsong , Ge Zhaohui , Cao Kai 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Severe rigid spinal scoliosis (SRSS) leads to severe restrictive ventilation dysfunction. Currently, the reports about the influence of preoperative halo-pelvic traction (HPT) combined with correction surgery on pulmonary function in patients with SRSS were relatively few. This study aims to investigate (1) the influence of preoperative HPT on lung volume and pulmonary function, (2) the further influence of the following correction surgery on lung volume and pulmonary function, and (3) the relationship among deformity correction, pulmonary function test outcomes, and computed tomography–based lung volume.

METHODS:
A total of 135 patients with SRSS who underwent preoperative HPT and followed low-grade osteotomy correction surgery were reviewed. Spinal parameters, including proximal thoracic curve, main thoracic curve (MTC), lumbar curve, coronal balance, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sagittal vertical axis, pulmonary function test outcomes (forced vital capacity [FVC], the percentage of predicted forced vital capacity [FVC%], forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], total lung capacity [TLC]), and lung volume (Vin), were analyzed before, after HPT and at the final follow-up, respectively.

RESULTS:
The mean FVC, FVC%, FEV1, and TLC increased from 1.67 L, 51.13%, 1.47 L, and 2.37 L to 1.95 L, 64.35%, 1.75 L, and 2.78 L, respectively, after HPT and further improved to 2.22 L, 72.14%, 1.95 L, and 3.15 L, respectively, at the final follow-up. The mean Vin increased from 1.98 L to 2.42 L after traction and further increased to 2.76 L at the final follow-up. The variation of MTC was correlated with the improvement of FVC (r = 0.429, P = .026), FVC% (r = 0.401, P = .038), FEV1 (r = 0.340, P = .043), and TLC (r = 0.421, P = .029) and the variation of Vin (r = 0.425, P = .015) before HPT and after surgery.

CONCLUSION:
Preoperative HPT can improve preoperative pulmonary function and enhance the preoperative lung volume. There were significant correlations among the variations of MTC, pulmonary function indexes, and lung volume before HPT and after surgery in patients with SRSS.
Does aquatic performance predict terrestrial performance: a case study with an aquatic frog, Xenopus laevis
Authors: Araspin Laurie , Measey John , Herrel Anthony 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The physical properties of the environment impose strong selection on organisms and their form–function relationships. In water and on land, selective pressures differ, with water being more viscous and denser than air, and gravity being the most important external force on land for relatively large animals such as vertebrates. These different properties of the environment could drive variation in the design and mechanics of the locomotor system of organisms. Animals that use multiple environments can consequently exhibit locomotion conflicts between the demands imposed by the media, leading to potential trade-offs. Here, we tested for the presence of such locomotor trade-offs depending on the environment (water or land) in a largely aquatic frog, Xenopus laevis. We focused on terrestrial and aquatic exertion capacity (time and distance swum or jumped until exhaustion) and aquatic and terrestrial burst capacity (maximal instantaneous swimming velocity and maximal force jump) given the ecological relevance of these traits. We tested these performance traits for trade-offs, depending on environments (water versus air) and locomotor modes (i.e. exertion and burst performance). Finally, we assessed the contribution of morphological traits to each performance trait. Our data show no trade-offs between the performance traits and between the environments, suggesting that X. laevis is equally good at swimming and jumping thanks to the same underlying morphological specialisations. We did observe, however, that morphological predictors differed depending on the environment, with variation in head shape and forelimb length being good predictors for aquatic locomotion and variation in hindlimb and forelimb segments predicting variation in jumping performance on land.
A Unifying Framework for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem Under Risk and Ambiguity
Authors: Ghosal Shubhechyya , Ho Chin Pang , Wiesemann Wolfram 
Published: November 2023

New Framework Unifies Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem Under Risk and Ambiguity In the study titled “A Unifying Framework for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem Under Risk and Ambiguity,” the authors propose a comprehensive and versatile framework that addresses the challenges posed by demand uncertainty in the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). This framework is able to consider and incorporate various risk measures, satisficing measures, and disutility functions, providing a unified approach to tackle different variants of the CVRP under uncertainty. By offering a unified treatment of the CVRP under risk and ambiguity, this framework enables decision makers to optimize routing decisions, accounting for the associated risks and uncertainties. One of the key advantages of this framework is its practicality for implementations. The authors demonstrate that an existing branch-and-cut algorithm can effectively solve all variants of the uncertainty-affected CVRP with minimal modifications. This scalability and adaptability make the framework applicable in practical settings.
AMBIÊNCIA DOS TRABALHADORES QUE LIDAM COM A MORTE: uma investigação com Necrotomistas do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Dos Santos de Freitas Julia Maria , De Oliveira Agostinha Mafalda Barra , De Sousa Juliana Carvalho 
Published: November 2023

Este estudo objetivou compreender as dimensões de contexto de trabalho, à luz da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, na perspectiva dos necrotomistas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter descritivo, realizada com sete necrotomistas de um Instituto Médico-Legal localizado no Rio Grande do Norte. Utilizou-se um roteiro semi-estruturado de perguntas baseado na Escala de Contexto de Trabalho (EACT). A estratégia utilizada para o tratamento dos dados adquiridos foi a análise de conteúdo. Com base nos dados encontrados no construto de contexto de trabalho, ambiente social onde operam a organização, condições laborais e as relações socioprofissionais, identificou-se categorias que envolvem: falta de materiais e equipamentos adequados, insalubridade, divisão de tarefas, autogestão, sobrecarga, relações estritamente profissionais, diálogo aberto e conflitos internos. Espera-se que essa pesquisa se constitua como instrumento de discussão reflexivas e debates acerca da percepção e atribuição de sentido ao trabalho para esse grupo ocupacional.
EROS E ERÓTICA COMO POÉTICA DE ENCANTAMENTO
Authors: Freire Machado Adilbênia 
Published: November 2023

RESUMO: Este texto tem o intuito de dialogar partindo de filosofias africanas tecidas pelos saberes ancestrais femininos e pelo encantamento. Desse modo, o eros e a erótica apresentam-se como metodologias e movimentos ancestrais encantados de contracolonização, posto dialogarmos partindo de saberes orgânicos tecidos desde o centro da terra. Assim, dialogamos com sabedorias pautadas no movimento de pertencimento, de resistências e re-existências, de ética amorosa para potencialização de nossas vidas, de reconhecimento e reescrita de nossas histórias, cujo feminino é essa energia co-criadora que permite a própria vida. Movimentos afropindomâmicos de resistências ancestrais encantadas femininas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Filosofias da Ancestralidade e do Encantamento; Ética Amorosa; Contracolonização; Sabedorias Afrorreferenciadas; Feminino.

ABSTRACT: This text intends to dialogue based on African philosophies woven by female ancestral knowledge and enchantment. In this way, eros and erotica are presented as methodologies and enchanted ancestral movements of counter-colonization, as we dialogue based on organic knowledge woven from the center of the earth. Thus, we dialogue with wisdom based on the movement of belonging, resistance and re-existence, of loving ethics to enhance our lives, of recognition and rewriting of our stories, whose feminine is this co-creating energy that allows life itself. Afropindomamic movements of female enchanted ancestral resistances.
KEYWORDS: Philosophies of Ancestry and Enchantment; Loving Ethics; Countercolonization; Afroreferenced Wisdoms; Feminine.