bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of breed on preferential intake of hydroxychloride and sulfate sources of trace minerals in growing beef heifers
Authors: Souza Isabella R T , Moriel Philipe , Barbosa Murillo H , Rezende Maria E , Biazotto Felipe , Camargo Gian V A R , Augusto Karolina V Z , Porcionato Marco A F , Araujo Davi B , Vasconcelos José L M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of breed on voluntary preferential intake of two sources of Cu, Mn, and Zn when added to white salt-based trace mineral supplement (days 0 to 55; experiment 1) and protein supplement (days 56 to 112; experiment 2). On day 0, Nelore and ½ Angus × ½ Nelore heifers (n = 20/breed) were stratified by breed, body weight (BW = 347 ± 82 kg), and age (12 to 30 mo), and randomly allocated into 1 of the 40 drylot pens (1 heifer/pen). Both experiments were divided into washout (days 0 to 27 in experiment 1 and days 56 to 83 in experiment 2) and preferential intake periods (days 28 to 55 in experiment 1 and days 84 to 112 in experiment 2). During the respective preferential intake period, heifers were provided simultaneous free-choice access to sulfate (SUL) and hydroxychloride (HYD) sources of Cu, Mn, and Zn mixed into salt-based trace mineral supplements from days 28 to 55 (experiment 1) and then protein supplements from days 84 to 112 (experiment 2). Heifers were provided free-choice access to Tifton 85 (Cynodon sp.) hay from days 0 to 112. Effects of breed × source × day of the study were detected (P ≤ 0.05) for daily trace mineral intake from days 28 to 56 and days 84 to 112. Angus × Nelore heifers consumed a greater amount of SUL vs. HYD supplements on days 31 to 33 (P = 0.02) and HYD vs. SUL supplements on days 37 to 42 (P ≤ 0.02), whereas Nelore heifers consumed more HYD vs. SUL supplements on days 31 to 33 and 43 to 51 (P ≤ 0.05). Both breeds consumed (P ≤ 0.05) a greater amount of protein supplement containing HYD vs. SUL from days 84 to 112, but the differences in protein supplement intake increased (P ≤ 0.04) in greater magnitude for Nelore vs. Angus × Nelore heifers. Supplement intake coefficient of variation (CV) from days 28 to 41 and days 84 to 97 tended (P = 0.06) to be greater for Nelore vs. Angus × Nelore heifers. Effects of breed × source were detected (P = 0.02) for supplement intake CV from days 84 to 112. Intake CV of supplements added with HYD did not differ (P ≥ 0.40) between Nelore vs. Angus × Nelore heifers but was greater (P &lt; 0.01) for Nelore vs. Angus × Nelore heifers fed SUL supplements. Overall, Nelore heifers had greater preferential intake for mineral and protein supplements containing hydroxychloride vs. sulfate sources compared to Angus × Nelore heifers. Hydroxychloride sources encouraged voluntary intake and reduced variation in supplement consumption compared to SUL sources of the same metals.
Repeated radon exposure induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like transformation via disruption of p53-dependent mitochondrial function
Authors: Shan Shan , Chen Xiaoyu , Wang Aiqing , Yan Weici , Wu Qianqian , Wan Jianmei , Hong Chengjiao , Wang Yarong , Tong Jian , Tian Hailin , Xin Lili 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Backgrouds
As a human carcinogen, radon and its progeny are the second most important risk factor for lung cancer after smoking. The tumor suppressor gene, p53, is reported to play an important role in the maintenance of mitochondrial function. In this work, we investigated the association between p53 and p53-responsive signaling pathways and radon-induced carcinogenesis.

Methods
After repeated radon exposure, the malignant characteristics, cell cycle arrest, cell apoptotic rate, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number as well as indicative biomarkers involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism were evaluated in BEAS-2B cells or BALB-c mouse lung tissue.

Results
Radon exposure induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like transformation in BEAS-2B cells, as indicated by increased cell proliferation and migration. Additional mitochondrial alterations, including decreased ATP content, increased ROS levels, mtDNA copy numbers, cell apoptosis, and G2/M cell cycle arrest were observed. Radon exposure caused an energy generation shift from aerobic respiration to glycolysis as reflected by increased expression of TIGAR and p53R2 proteins and decreased expression of SCO2 protein in BEAS-2B cells, and increased expression of p53, SCO2 and TIGAR proteins in mouse lung tissue, respectively. The effects of p53 deficiency on the prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction suggested a protective role of p53 in radon-induced malignant-like features in BEAS-2B cells.

Conclusions
Repeated radon exposure induced EMT-like transformation in BEAS-2B cells via disruption of mitochondrial function. Activation of p53 and p53-responsive signaling pathways in BEAS-2B cells and BALB-c mice may confer a protective mechanism for radon-induced lung injury.
WHA Presidential Address 2023: Searching for a Redemptive West
Authors: Deverell William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This essay, a written version of the author’s October 27, 2023 Western History Association presidential address, asks about the West as space for redemption and exodus. Do Civil War histories and western histories offer hope of healing from the violence they engender? Or is every hopeful moment made destructive by violence, greed, and cultural blinders? Damaged Civil War soldiers went west and post-war Los Angeles became a place where many people imagined rebuilding their lives. White dreams proved exclusive: Angelenos burned out Chinese immigrants and shattered the western dreams of Black residents. Does writing new histories and ensuring that such violence is marked and remembered move toward hope? The essay considers both Civil War Era and contemporary redemption. Can remaking civic spaces around commemorations offer redemption? Los Angeles Chinese communities and their persistent efforts to hold space marking the1871 massacre as the city recreated downtown again and again could offer a model.
Oncogene goosecoid is transcriptionally regulated by E2F1 and correlates with disease progression in prostate cancer
Authors: Ge Yue , Ma Sheng , Zhou Qiang , Xiong Zezhong , Wang Yanan , Li Le , Chao Zheng , Zhang Junbiao , Li Tengfei , Wu Zixi , Gao Yuan , Qu Guanyu , Xi Zirui , Liu Bo , Wu Xi , Wang Zhihua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Although some well-established oncogenes are involved in cancer initiation and progression such as prostate cancer (PCa), the long tail of cancer genes remains to be defined. Goosecoid (GSC) has been implicated in cancer development. However, the comprehensive biological role of GSC in pan-cancer, specifically in PCa, remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of GSC in PCa development.

Methods:
We performed a systematic bioinformatics exploration of GSC using datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, Gene Expression Omnibus, German Cancer Research Center, and our in-house cohorts. First, we evaluated the expression of GSC and its association with patient prognosis, and identified GSC-relevant genetic alterations in cancers. Further, we focused on the clinical characterization and prognostic analysis of GSC in PCa. To understand the transcriptional regulation of GSC by E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1), we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Functional experiments were conducted to validate the effect of GSC on the tumor cellular phenotype and sensitivity to trametinib.

Results:

GSC expression was elevated in various tumors and significantly correlated with patient prognosis. The alterations of GSC contribute to the progression of various tumors especially in PCa. Patients with PCa and high GSC expression exhibited worse progression-free survival and biochemical recurrence outcomes. Further, GSC upregulation in patients with PCa was mostly accompanied with higher Gleason score, advanced tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Mechanistically, the transcription factor, E2F1, stimulates GSC by binding to its promoter region. Detailed experiments further demonstrated that GSC acted as an oncogene and influenced the response of PCa cells to trametinib treatment.

Conclusions:

GSC was highly overexpressed and strongly correlated with patient prognosis in PCa. We found that GSC, regulated by E2F1, acted as an oncogene and impeded the therapeutic efficacy of trametinib in PCa.
Ultrasonography as a Tool to Improve Preoperative Marking in Body Contour Surgery
Authors: Manzaneda Cipriani Raúl Martín , Viaro Maurício , Adrianzen Gerardo , Flores Emmanuel , Duran Vega Héctor , Babaitis Ricardo , Dal Ponte Zatt João Vitor , Salonia Goldmann Ignacio , Kornalewski de Oliveira Rafael , de Souza Bisognin Laura 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Body contouring surgery and surgical drawings are usually performed based on the surgeon’s experience without considering the nature of the unique anatomical structures of each patient. Thus, we propose a more reliable surgical design approach that considers the anatomical structures of each patient. Ultrasonography is increasingly used in plastic surgery and helps plastic surgeons to highlight anatomical features representing results in their interventions by providing a better understanding of the patients’ unique structures.

Methods:
This study presents a series of cases involving 100 recruited patients (36 men and 64 women) between 18 and 60 years of age. Five surgeons examined the patients and created a presurgical design based on palpation, which was validated later by a physician skilled in evaluating the anterior wall of the abdomen using ultrasonography. The concordance between the findings of the palpation and ultrasonography was assessed for each patient.

Results:
The concordance rate for each structure in both evaluations was midline (49%) (P > 0.92), diastasis recti (15%), semilunar line (23%), upper edge of rectus abdominis muscles (12%), lower edge of pectoral muscles (16%), border of oblique muscle (13%), number of tendinous intersections (12%), shape of tendinous intersections (11%), serratus anterior muscle (15%), subcostal triangle (15%), and oblique triangle (26%) (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
All the structures evaluated by palpation in comparison with ultrasound show discordance, except the midline where agreement is evident, with a very good level of statistical significance.
Impact of an Institutional Clinical Pathway on Emergency Physicians’ Stated Preferences in Treating Patients with Low-Risk Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Akhavan Arvin Radfar , O’Brien-Lambert Alex , Postiglione Nick , Schleyer Anneliese M. , Vrablik Marie , Hall M. Kennedy 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Evidence continues to accumulate that select patients with acute low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) can be safely discharged from the emergency department. Despite this, outpatient management continues to be uncommon. We report changes in emergency providers’ stated preferences on low-risk acute PE management before and after the development and implementation of an institutional clinical pathway and decision tool.

Methods:
We performed an observational analysis of attending emergency physicians’ stated preferences towards the management of low-risk acute PE using survey results before and after the development and implementation of an electronic health record-embedded institutional low-risk acute PE pathway.

Results:
Attending emergency medicine providers reported feeling more comfortable using PE risk stratification scores to identify dischargeable low-risk PE patients and also reported that they would be more likely to discharge a hypothetical patient with low-risk acute PE.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that the implementation of an institutional clinical pathway with integration into the electronic health record was associated with a change in emergency physicians’ stated preferences for managing patients with acute low-risk PE in the emergency department. Implementation of an evidence-based standard pathway was associated with increased comfort and familiarity with PE risk stratification, and an increased comfort with and preference for early outpatient management of low-risk PE.
Long-term quality of life between duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection and pancreatoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yin Taoyuan , Wen Jingjing , Zhen Tingting , Liao Yangwei , Zhang Zhenxiong , Zhu Hongtao , Wang Min , Pan Shutao , Guo Xingjun , Zhang Hang , Qin Renyi 
Published: November 2023

Background:
We aimed to compare the differences in quality of life (QOL) and overall survival (OS) between DPPHR and PD during long-term follow-up. Duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) and pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) have been shown to be effective in alleviating symptoms and controlling malignancies, but there is ongoing debate over whether DPPHR has an advantage over PD in terms of long-term benefits.

Method:
We searched the PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relevant studies comparing DPPHR and PD published before 1 May 2023. This study was registered with PROSPERO. Randomised controlled trials and non-randomised studies were included. The Mantel–Haenszel model and inverse variance method were used as statistical approaches for data synthesis. Subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the heterogeneity of the results. The primary outcome was the global QOL score, measured using the QLQ-C30 system.

Results:
We analysed ten studies involving 976 patients (456 DPPHR and 520 PD). The global QOL score did not differ significantly between the DPPHR and PD groups (standard mean difference [SMD] 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.05, 0.46], P=0.109, I

2
=70%); however, the OS time of patients with DPPHR was significantly improved (HR 0.59, 95% CI [0.44, 0.77], P<0.001, I

2
=0%). The follow-up length may be an important source of heterogeneity. Studies with follow-up length between two to seven years showed better global QOL for DPPHR than for PD (SMD 0.43, 95% CI [0.23, 0.64], P<0.001, I

2
=0%). There were no significant differences between the two groups in any of the functional scales of the QLQ-C30 system (all P>0.05). On the symptom scale, patients in the DPPHR group had lower scores for fatigue, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, insomnia, and diarrhoea than those in the PD group (all P<0.05).

Conclusion:
There were no significant differences in global QOL scores between the two surgeries; however, DPPHR had advantages over PD in terms of safer perioperative outcomes, lower long-term symptom scores, and longer OS times. Therefore, DPPHR should be recommended over PD for the treatment of benign pancreatic diseases and low-grade malignant tumours.
Breast density reduction as a predictor for prognosis in premenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: an exploratory analysis of the updated ASTRRA study
Authors: Bae Soong June , Kim Hee Jeong , Kim Hyun-Ah , Ryu Jai Min , Park Seho , Lee Eun-Gyeong , Im Seock-Ah , Jung Yongsik , Park Min Ho , Park Kyong Hwa , Kang Su Hwan , Park Eunhwa , Kim Sung Yong , Lee Min Hyuk , Kim Lee Su , Lee Anbok , Noh Woo Chul , Gwark Sungchan , Kim Seonok , Jeong Joon 
Published: November 2023

Background:
While the relationship between mammographic breast density reduction (MDR) and endocrine therapy efficacy has been reported in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, it is still unclear in premenopausal women, especially in the case of adding ovarian function suppression (OFS) to anti-hormone therapy. We investigated the impact of MDR on prognosis stratified by treatment based on the updated results of the ASTRRA trial.

Materials and Methods:
The ASTRRA trial, a randomized phase III study, showed that adding OFS to tamoxifen (TAM) improved survival in premenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer after chemotherapy. We updated survival outcomes and assessed mammography before treatment and the annual follow-up mammography for up to 5 years after treatment initiation. Mammographic density (MD) was classified into four categories based on the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. MDR-positivity was defined as a downgrade in MD grade on follow-up mammography up to 2 years after randomization, with pretreatment MD grade as a reference.

Results:
We evaluated MDR in 944 of the 1282 patients from the trial, and 813 (86.2%) had grade III or IV MD. There was no difference in the MDR-positivity rate between the two treatment groups (TAM-only group (106/476 [22.3%]) vs. TAM+OFS group (89/468 [19.0%]); P=0.217). MDR-positivity was significantly associated with better disease-free survival (DFS) in the TAM+OFS group (estimated 8-year DFS: 93.1% in MDR-positive vs. 82.0% in MDR-negative patients; HR:0.37; 95% CI:0.16-0.85; P=0.019), but not in the TAM-only group (P
interaction=0.039). MDR-positive patients who received TAM+OFS had a favorable DFS compared to MDR-negative patients who received only TAM (HR:0.30; 95% CI:0.13-0.70; P=0.005).

Conclusion:
Although the proportion of MDR-positive patients was comparable between both treatment groups, MDR-positivity was independently associated with favorable outcomes only in the TAM+OFS group.
Longitudinal changes in renal parenchymal volume and function status after partial nephrectomy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Xiong Longbin , Zou Xiangpeng , Luo Xin , Yin Shaohan , Huang Yixin , Ning Kang , Wen Dongxiang , Zhou Zhaohui , Wang Jun , Li Zhen , Chen Jiawei , Li Jibin , Peng Wei , Guo Shengjie , Dong Pei , Zhou Fangjian , Han Hui , Peng Yulu , Yu Chunping , Zhang Zhiling 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The ipsilateral renal parenchymal volume (RPV) experiences a sharp decrease shortly after partial nephrectomy (PN), mainly due to surgical remove or devascularization of kidney tissue. However, the subsequent change of RPV and its association with GFR fast decline remains unknown. Our objective was to investigate the change of ipsilateral RPV and renal function status from new baseline (1-12 months after PN) to latest follow-up (≥1 year) after PN, and to explore factors associated with ipsilateral RPV decrease rate and correlation between RPV decrease and GFR fast decline.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective review of 367 patients with PN was conducted. Three-dimensional reconstruction of CT/MRI images was performed for RPV calculation. Spectrum score was used to assess the degree of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the operated kidney after PN. GFR decline >3 ml/min/1.73 m2/year was defined as GFR fast decline. 114 patients underwent abdominal surgery was used as control. Predictive factors for subsequent decrease of RPV rate and GFR fast decline were evaluated by linear and logistic regression, respectively.

Results:
With a median interval time of 21.1 (IQR:13.8-35.5) months, median ipsilateral RPV significantly decreased from 118.7 (IQR:100.7-137.1) ml at new baseline to 111.8 (IQR:92.3-131.3) ml at latest follow-up. The interval time (β: 1.36 [0.71-2.01], P<0.001) and spectrum score (β: 5.83 [2.92-8.74], P<0.001) were identified as independent predictors of ipsilateral RPV decrease rate. GFR fast decline was observed in 101(27.5%) patients. Annual ipsilateral RPV decrease rate [OR:1.67(1.05–2.67), P=0.03] and overweight [OR:1.63(1.02–2.60), P=0.04] were independent predictors of GFR fast decline.

Conclusions:
Ipsilateral RPV experienced a moderate but significant decrease during follow-up after PN, especially in those with severer acute kidney injury. The presence of GFR fast decline was found to be associated with reduction of ipsilateral RPV, particularly in overweight individuals.
Amino acids and cancer: potential for therapies?
Authors: Siqueira Jéssika M. , Vega Maria C.M. Dela , Pimentel Gustavo D. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
Cancer patients may have a variety of disorders associated with systemic inflammation caused by disease progression. Consequently, we have protein hypercatabolism. In view of this, protein and amino acid adequacy should be considered in relation to nutritional behavior. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the influence of protein and amino acids in the nutritional therapy of cancer.

Recent findings
Diets with adequate protein levels appear to be beneficial in the treatment of cancer; guidelines suggest consumption of greater than 1.0–1.5 g/kg body weight/day. In patients diagnosed with malnutrition, sarcopenia, or cachexia, it is recommended to use the maximum amount of protein (1.5 g/kg of weight/day) to adapt the diet. In addition, based on the evidence found, there is no consensus on the dose and effects in cancer patients of amino acids such as branched-chain amino acids, glutamine, arginine, and creatine.

Summary
When evaluating the components of the diet of cancer patients, the protein recommendation should be greater than 1.0–1.5 g/kg of weight/day, with a distribution between animal and vegetable proteins. We found little evidence demonstrating clinical benefits regarding individual or combined amino acid supplementation. Still, it is unclear how the use, dose, and specificity for different types of cancer should be prescribed or at what stage of treatment amino acids should be prescribed.
Bone mass accrual in children
Authors: Rodrick Eugene , Kindler Joseph M. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
Bone accrual during childhood and adolescence is critical for the attainment of peak bone mass and is a major contributing factor towards osteoporosis in later life. Bone mass accrual is influenced by nonmodifiable factors, such as genetics, sex, race, ethnicity, and puberty, as well as modifiable factors, such as physical activity and diet. Recent progress in bone imaging has allowed clinicians and researchers to better measure the morphology, density, and strength of the growing skeleton, thereby encompassing key characteristics of peak bone strength. In this review, the patterning of bone accrual and contributors to these changes will be described, as well as new techniques assessing bone mass and strength in pediatric research and clinical settings.

Recent findings
This review discusses factors influencing peak bone mass attainment and techniques used to assess the human skeleton.

Summary
The rate of bone accrual and the magnitude of peak bone mass attainment occurs in specific patterns varying by sex, race, ethnicity, longitudinal growth, and body composition. Physical activity, diet, and nutritional status impact these processes. There is a need for longitudinal studies utilizing novel imaging modalities to unveil factors involved in the attainment and maintenance of peak bone strength.