bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation in type 2 diabetes of a metabolomic signature of all‐cause mortality
Authors: Copetti Massimiliano , Baroni Marco Giorgio , Buzzetti Raffaella , Cavallo Maria Gisella , Cossu Efiso , D’Angelo Paola , Cosmo Salvatore De , Leonetti Frida , Morano Susanna , Morviducci Lelio , Napoli Nicola , Prudente Sabrina , Pugliese Giuseppe , Savino Antonio Fernando , Trischitta Vincenzo ,   SUMMER Study in Diabetes Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractContextMortality in type 2 diabetes is twice that of the normoglycemic population. Unravelling biomarkers that identify high‐risk patients for referral to the most aggressive and costly prevention strategies is needed.ObjectiveTo validate in type 2 diabetes the association with all‐cause mortality of a 14‐metabolite score (14‐MS) previously reported in the general population and whether this score can be used to improve well‐established mortality prediction models.MethodsThis is a sub‐study consisting of 600 patients from the “Sapienza University Mortality and Morbidity Event Rate” (SUMMER) study in diabetes, a prospective multicentre investigation on all‐cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolic biomarkers were quantified from serum samples using high‐throughput proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics.ResultsIn type 2 diabetes, the 14–MS showed a significant (p < 0.0001) association with mortality, which was lower (p < 0.0001) than that reported in the general population. This difference was mainly due to two metabolites (histidine and ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids) with an effect size that was significantly (p = 0.01) lower in diabetes than in the general population. A parsimonious 12‐MS (i.e. lacking the 2 metabolites mentioned above) improved patient discrimination and classification of two well‐established mortality prediction models (p < 0.0001 for all measures).ConclusionsThe metabolomic signature of mortality in the general population is only partially effective in type 2 diabetes. Prediction markers developed and validated in the general population must be revalidated if they are to be used in patients with diabetes.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the relationship between obsessive‐compulsive symptoms and symptoms of proposed orthorexia nervosa: The contribution of assessments
Authors: Huynh Phillipa Ann , Miles Stephanie , de Boer Kathleen , Meyer Denny , Nedeljkovic Maja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to update the literature on orthorexia nervosa (ON), a proposed diagnosis of pathologically ‘healthy’ eating, by critically analysing the current evidence for the relationship between ON and obsessive‐compulsive (OC) symptoms. Further, this paper aimed to compare the ON/OC relationship significance and strength based on when the ON measurement tool was developed.MethodPsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science databases were queried for quantitative, peer‐reviewed studies recruiting adult participants, published in English up to April 2023. Studies not directly comparing ON and OC symptoms were excluded. After full‐text review and quality assessment, 40 studies were included in the systematic review and 31 studies in the meta‐analysis.ResultsON assessments created prior to the 2016 revised ON diagnostic criteria do not appear to fully capture OC symptoms. Studies using earlier developed ON assessments demonstrated inconsistent ON/OC relationships whereas studies implementing more recent assessments (from 2018 onwards) found consistently significant, larger relationships, highlighting a previously underrated OC component of ON.ConclusionsEarly ON studies, and studies utilising early ON assessments should be interpreted with caution, particularly in relation to OC symptom involvement in ON. Future research should validate novel ON assessments and investigate common underlying factors.
115 years of sediment deposition in a reservoir in Central Europe: Topographic change detection
Authors: Stauch Georg , Dörwald Lukas , Esch Alexander , Walk Janek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReservoirs have become an important component in the worldwide river sediment flux. Reservoirs prevent downstream sediment transport and have become a major sediment sink. In this study, sediment deposition during the last 115 years in the Urft Reservoir in western Germany is reconstructed. The Urft Reservoir is the oldest reservoir in the Eifel Mountains and was almost completely drained in 2020. This enabled a detailed mapping of the lake bottom using an unmanned aerial system and the computation of a high‐resolution digital surface model. Topographic maps with a nominal resolution of 1:1000 from the time prior to the construction of the dam (around 1900) were used to construct a pre‐reservoir elevation model. A digital elevation model of difference (DoD) was calculated from these two datasets for the reservoir floor (0.72 km2). Based on the DoD, a net sediment accumulation of 1.16 × 106 m3 was calculated alongside a propagated volume error of 6.91 × 105 m3, resulting in a mean accumulation of 1.54 m. Conservative vertical error propagation results in an average level of detection (LoD) of 1.8 m. In contrast, the comparison of the DoD with 47 cores in the upper part of the reservoir showed a mean difference of −0.11 m, indicating a high, independently assessed accuracy of the DoD. Three depositional hotspots were identified in the reservoir. One is close to the Urft dam where very fine sediments are draped across the pre‐reservoir topography. Two areas are related to reservoir management. Sediment deposition in the Urft Reservoir has been comparably low in comparison to other regions globally, resulting in a 3.25% ± 1.93% loss of reservoir volume between 1905 and 2020. To analyse the effect of strong flooding events, a subset of the reservoir was analysed after an extreme event in July 2021, but accumulation did almost entirely not exceed the LoD.
The pass‐through effects of oil price shocks on sovereign credit risks of GCC countries: Evidence from the TVP‐SVAR‐SV framework
Authors: Maghyereh Aktham , Ziadat Salem Adel , Al Rababa'a Abdel Razzaq A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe implement a two‐stage methodology based on the structural vector autoregressive and time‐varying parameter vector autoregressive models to examine the time‐varying effect of distinct types of oil‐price shocks on sovereign credit risks measured by credit default swap (CDS) spreads in Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Using monthly data for the period from May 2011 to February 2022, our results show time‐varying responses to structural oil shocks in the short‐ and medium‐run periods, with more fluctuations in responses detected over the full sample period in the former. Overall, we detect a break in the contagious impacts of oil shocks during and in the aftermath of, the 2014–2015 oil crisis and COVID‐19 crisis. Specifically, the Bahraini market is found to exhibit a positive (negative) reaction to the oil supply shocks (OS) and oil market‐specific demand shocks (OSD) throughout the pandemic period. Furthermore, we uncover a transient response from the Saudi and Qatari CDS spreads to the aggregate demand shocks (ADS) and the OSD over the full sample period, indicating the need for portfolio rebalancing. In the UAE, we detect a positive impact over the three sampled years of OSD since 2011. Moreover, a notable decoupling pattern continues to appear between short‐ and medium‐term innovations in the ADS. Our results suggest adopting more conservative trading in the CDS markets while understanding the oil price and the economic state. The complexity of the trading strategy should also depend on the target Gulf market itself and that seems essential when it comes to investing in Qatar and Saudi Arabia.
Changes in bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and polyphenols of red beetroots dehydrated in oven, microwave, and infrared systems
Authors: Özcan Mehmet Musa , Uslu Nurhan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackroundThe antioxidant capacity of red beetroot has an important role in promoting human health and preventing degenerative diseases and cancer. Beetroot and colorful root vegetables are rich in phenol compounds with antioxidant properties.ResultsIn this study, changes in total phenolic and flavonoid amounts and antioxidant activities and phenolic constituents of red beets heated in oven, microwave (MW), and infrared (IR) systems were investigated. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the red beetroots heated in oven, MW, and IR were determined between 327.85 (IR) and 619.27 mg GAE/100 g (oven) to 674.03 (IR) and 1089.24 mg/100 g (MW), respectively. Also, the antioxidant activity values of dehydrated red beet samples varied between 0.02 (IR) and 4.73 mmol/kg (Oven). The values of total phenolic, total flavonoid values, and antioxidant activities of the red beet samples were most affected by infrared. Gallic acid and 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid amounts of red beet samples were identified between 47.54 (Oven) and 438.65 mg/100 g (MW) to 15.98 (IR) and 45.44 mg/100 g (MW), respectively. Also, the highest p‐coumaric acid (8.50 mg/100 g), ferulic acid (6.26 mg/100 g), resveratrol (2.55 mg/100 g), quercetin (4.69 mg/1000 g), cinnamic acid (0.21 mg/100 g), and kaempferol (0.64 mg/100 g) were established in red beets dehydrated in MW system.ConclusionWhen the red beet is desired to be rich in total phenolic and total flavonoid components, conventional and microwave oven cooking should be preferred, respectively. The phenolic components of the red beets dehydrated in the microwave were found to be high (except caffeic acid) compared with oven and IR.
Plasmonic nanophotothermal therapy for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma with gold nanoparticles
Authors: Pesnel Sabrina , Ben Haddada Maroua , Duquenne Sébastien , Mortier Laurent , Bertolotti Antoine , Perrot Jean L. , Morel Anne‐Laure 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, typically developing in sun‐exposed areas such as the face. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with a overall good prognosis. However, some scars can be unsightly or bothersome, and some tumours are too large or badly located to be eligible for surgery. Plasmonic photothermal therapy is presented here as an alternative treatment. Our team has developed green gold nanoparticles that have demonstrated their efficacy in inducing hyperthermia in the tumour‐microenvironment when combined with near‐infrared laser (NIR laser).ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of gold nanoparticles combined with laser treatment against BCC.MethodsIn vitro, BCC cells were exposed to gold nanoparticles, both with and without laser treatment, to study the effects of this therapy on skin cells. Subsequently, mice bearing BCC were treated with photothermal therapy to assess tumour growth.ResultsGold nanoparticles were found to be nontoxic to the cell line, and photothermal therapy induced apoptosis. In vivo studies showed complete regression of tumours without unsightly scarring and no recurrence after 40 days.ConclusionsPlasmonic photothermal therapy using gold nanoparticles proved its efficacy in the destruction of BCC.
Obinutuzumab‐Based Drug‐Free Macromolecular Therapeutics Synergizes with Topoisomerase Inhibitors
Authors: Gambles M. Tommy , Sborov Douglas , Shami Paul , Yang Jiyuan , Kopeček Jindřich 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDrug‐free macromolecular therapeutics (DFMT) utilizes modified monoclonal antibodies (or antibody fragments) to generate antigen‐crosslinking‐induced apoptosis in target cells. DFMT is a two‐component system containing a morpholino oligonucleotide (MORF1) modified antibody (Ab‐MORF1) and human serum albumin conjugated with multiple copies of complementary morpholino oligonucleotide (MORF2), (HSA‐(MORF2)x). The two components recognize each other via the Watson–Crick base pairing complementation of their respective MORFs. One HSA‐(MORF2)x molecule can hybridize with multiple Ab‐MORF1 molecules on the cell surface, thus serving as the therapeutic crosslink‐inducing mechanism of action. Herein, various anti‐neoplastic agents in combination with the anti‐CD20 Obinutuzumab (OBN)‐based DFMT system are examined. Three different classes of chemotherapies are examined: DNA alkylating agents; proliferation pathway inhibitors; and DNA replication inhibitors. Chou–Talalay combination index mathematics is utilized to determine which drugs engaged synergistically with OBN‐based DFMT. It is determined that OBN‐based DFMT synergizes with topoisomerase inhibitors and DNA nucleotide analogs but is antagonistic with proliferation pathway inhibitors. Cell mechanism experiments are performed to analyze points of synergism or antagonism by investigating Ca2+ influx, mitochondrial health, lysosomal stability, and cell cycle arrest. Finally, the synergistic drug combinatorial effects of OBN‐based DFMT with etoposide in vivo are demonstrated using a human xenograft non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma mouse model.
Extraction and Purification of a Phycocolloid from Chaetomorpha aerea
Authors: Niedrist Dennis , Rousset Aurelie , Pierre Ronan , Papenkordt Niklas , Shastri Venkatram Prasad , Forget Aurelien 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhycocolloids are gelling polysaccharides extracted from algae that have found applications as microbiological culture media, food thickener, and cosmetic rheological modifiers. The extensive use of algae species that have not yet been domesticated has led to overexploitation or supply shortages. Thus, extending the library of phycocolloids would permit to support the industrial changes toward renewable polymer feedstocks but if the source of algae is limited to wild algae species, this may raise issue on the scalability and hinder the creation of a reliable supply chain. In this study, a new phycocolloid extracted from Chaetomorpha aerea, a green seaweed that can be cultivated in open ponds, is identified. Through elucidation of its chemical structure, a gelation mechanism for an extracted sulfated polysaccharide fraction that form stable, transparent hydrogels that can be used for microbiological culture, is proposed
Biological Activity of Poly(1,3‐propanediol citrate) Films and Nonwovens: Mechanical, Thermal, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxicity Studies
Authors: Bandzerewicz Aleksandra , Wierzchowski Kamil , Mierzejewska Jolanta , Denis Piotr , Gołofit Tomasz , Szymczyk‐Ziółkowska Patrycja , Pilarek Maciej , Gadomska‐Gajadhur Agnieszka 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolymers are of great interest for medical and cosmeceutical applications. The current trend is to combine materials of natural and synthetic origin in order to obtain products with appropriate mechanical strength and good biocompatibility, additionally biodegradable and bioresorbable. Citric acid, being an important metabolite, is an interesting substance for the synthesis of materials for biomedical applications. Due to the high functionality of the molecule, it is commonly used in biomaterials chemistry as a crosslinking agent. Among citric acid‐based biopolyesters, poly(1,8‐octanediol citrate) is the best known. It shows application potential in soft tissue engineering. This work focuses on a much less studied polyester, poly(1,3‐propanediol citrate). Porous and non‐porous materials based on the synthesized polyesters are prepared and characterized, including mechanical, thermal, and surface properties, morphology, and degradation. The main focus is on assessing the biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties of the materials.
Dwell time and bloodstream infection incidence of umbilical venous catheterization in China
Authors: Zheng Xu , He Dan , Yang Zixin , Chen Lu , Jiang Min , Qi Yujie , Qin Fei , Yu Jie , Peng Yaguang , Liu Ling , Hei Mingyan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTImportanceCentral line‐associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is one of the most serious complications of central venous access devices. Reducing the risk of CLABSI is of utmost significance in efforts to improve neonatal mortality rates and enhance long‐term prognosis.ObjectiveTo determine the dwell time and incidence of CLABSI of umbilical venous catheterization (UVC) for preterm infants in China.MethodsPreterm infants with UVC admitted to 44 tertiary neonatal intensive care units in 24 provinces in China were enrolled. Study period was from November 2019 to August 2021. The end point of observations was 48 h after umbilical venous (UV) catheter removal. The primary outcomes were dwell time of UV catheter and UVC‐associated CLABSI. Data between infants with UV catheter dwell time ≤7 days and >7 days, and with birth weight (BW) ≤1000 g and >1000 g were compared.ResultsIn total, 2172 neonates were enrolled (gestational age 30.0 ± 2.4 weeks, BW 1258.5 ± 392.8 g). The median UV catheter dwell time was 7 (6–10) days. The incidence of UVC‐associated CLABSI was 3.03/1000 UV catheter days. For infants with UV catheter dwell time ≤7 days and >7 days, the UVC‐associated CLABSI incidence was 3.71 and 2.65 per 1000 UV catheter days, respectively, P = 0.23. For infants with UVC dwell times of 3–6, 7–12, and 13–15 days, the UVC‐associated CLABSI rates were 0.14%, 0.68%, and 2.48% (P < 0.01). The Kaplan–Meier plot of UV catheter dwell time to CLABSI showed no difference between infants with BW ≤1000 g and >1000 g (P = 0.60).InterpretationThe median dwell time of UV catheter was 7 days, and the incidence of UVC‐associated CLABSI was 3.03/1000 catheter days in China. The daily risk of UVC‐associated CLABSI and other complications increased with the dwell time.
Disability after breast cancer surgery: Proposal of linkage between the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the Grocery Shelving Task Test
Authors: Silva Conceição Aparecida Vitoriano Souza , Pires Grasiani Breggue , Pereira Gabriela Santos , Silva Soraia Micaela , Sampaio Luciana Maria Malosá 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo link the concepts measured by the Grocery Shelving Task Test (GST) to the codes and qualifiers of the activity and participation component of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).MethodsThe linkage was performed by two professionals who applied the 10 standardized binding rules. The linking process was performed through the model of extraction and identification of the concepts that were found in each item of the GST Test.ResultsThe GST test includes 1 domain of the activity and participation component (d4 mobility). The link with the qualifiers allowed quantifying the impairment of the limitations of activities in the postoperative period, being observed that 21.27% of the sample did not present any problem, 61.70% presented the qualifier “0.1” (mild problem), 8.50% had a moderate problem (qualifier ‘0.2’) and 8.50% had a severe problem (qualifier ‘0.3’). No complete impairment was observed in any study participant.DiscussionThe linking of the GST to the ICF codes and qualifiers allowed quantifying the functional impairment in the postoperative period of breast cancer, allowing a comprehensive and standardized view, and being a guiding tool for treatment plans.
Establishing the Financial Burden of Alopecia Areata and its Predictors
Authors: Zucchelli Fabio , Harries Matthew , Messenger Andrew , Montgomery Kerry 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Alopecia areata (AA) can have a significant impact on wellbeing. Consequently, individuals with AA often seek treatments or products to promote hair regrowth or camouflage their hair loss that incur a financial cost to the individual.

Objectives
The current study aimed to examine the direct financial burden of AA to understand the wider impact of the condition and the factors which influence spending on products and services.

Methods
A total of 829 United Kingdom based participants completed an online survey. Demographic and condition-specific data were collected, alongside spending on AA-related products and services. Participants were asked about their use of products and services, the associated costs, how they financed these costs, and their household income to determine what percentage of income they spent on products and services.

Results
Participants predominantly identified as female (85.9%), white (92.7%) with a mean age of 42.7 years and a median AA duration of 10.94 years. Female gender, Asian ethnicity, lower income, and worse AA symptoms predicted higher spend from income. Wigs were the most common product used and incurred the greatest cost (median £700). The highest cost for men was private dermatology services (median = £550). On average people spent 3% of their disposable income (prior to housing costs) on AA-related products and services.

Conclusions
This study outlines the risk factors associated with higher financial burden from managing AA which require consideration by health providers, commissioners, and policy makers when designing services to support the wellbeing of people living with AA.
Regulation Strategy of Nanostructured Engineering on Indium‐Based Materials for Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2
Authors: Wu Wenbo , Tong Yun , Chen Pengzuo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElectrochemical carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR), as an emerging technology, can combine with sustainable energies to convert CO2 into high value‐added products, providing an effective pathway to realize carbon neutrality. However, the high activation energy of CO2, low mass transfer, and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) leads to the unsatisfied catalytic activity. Recently, Indium (In)‐based materials have attracted significant attention in CO2RR and a series of regulation strategies of nanostructured engineering are exploited to rationally design various advanced In‐based electrocatalysts, which forces the necessary of a comprehensive and fundamental summary, but there is still a scarcity. Herein, this review provides a systematic discussion of the nanostructure engineering of In‐based materials for the efficient electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to fuels. These efficient regulation strategies including morphology, size, composition, defects, surface modification, interfacial structure, alloying, and single‐atom structure, are summarized for exploring the internal relationship between the CO2RR performance and the physicochemical properties of In‐based catalysts. The correlation of electronic structure and adsorption behavior of reaction intermediates are highlighted to gain in‐depth understanding of catalytic reaction kinetics for CO2RR. Moreover, the challenges and opportunities of In‐based materials are proposed, which is expected to inspire the development of other effective catalysts for CO2RR.
Layered Double Hydroxides as the Unique Product of Target Ionic Construction for Energy, Chemical, Foods, Cosmetics, Medicine and Ecology Applications
Authors: Kovalenko Vadym , Kotok Valerii , Murashevych Bohdan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLayered Double Hydroxide (LDH) is an α‐modification of the M‐host (M2+) hydroxide, in which some part of the M‐host cations is replaced by M‐guest cations (M3+ or M4+). The emerging excess positive charge is compensated by the intercalation of anions into the interlayer space, which also contains water molecules. LDHs exhibit anion exchange properties. Targeted ionic design of LDHs via combining three components (M‐host, M‐guest cations, intercalated anions) allows the creation of a very wide range of highly efficient electrochemical, electrocatalytic, electrochromic substances, catalysts, ion exchangers, sorbents, color pigments, pharmacological drugs, food, and cosmetic additives. In this review, the structure and areas of application of LDHs are considered from the perspective of the targeted ionic design of a substance for a specific application.