bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Reports of Satisfaction after Microvascular Decompression and Partial Sensory Rhizotomy for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Zakrzewska Joanna M. , Lopez Benjamin C. , Kim Sung Eun , Coakham Hugh B. 
Published: May 2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
There are no reports of patient satisfaction surveys after either a microvascular decompression (MVD) or a partial sensory rhizotomy (PSR) for trigeminal neuralgia. This study compares patient satisfaction after these two types of posterior fossa surgery for trigeminal neuralgia, because it is postulated that recurrences, complications, and previous surgical experience reduce satisfaction.

METHODS:
All patients who had undergone their first posterior fossa surgery at one center were sent a self-complete questionnaire by an independent physician. Among the 44 questions on four standardized questionnaires were 5 questions that related to patient satisfaction and experience of obtaining care. Patients were divided into those having their first surgical procedure (primary) and those who had had previous ablative surgery (nonprimary).

RESULTS:
Response rates were 90% (220 of 245) of MVD and 88% (53 of 60) of PSR patients. Groups were comparable with respect to age, sex, duration of symptoms, mean duration of follow-up, and recurrence rates. Overall satisfaction with their current situation was 89% in MVD and 72% in PSR patients. Unsatisfied with the outcome were 4% of MVD and 20% of PSR patients, and this is a significant difference (P &lt; 0.01). Satisfaction with outcome was higher in those undergoing this as a primary procedure. In the primary group, satisfaction was dependent on recurrence and complication/side effects status (each P &lt; 0.01), but this was not the case in the nonprimary group. Patients expressed a desire for earlier posterior fossa surgery in 73% of MVD and 58% of PSR patients, and this was highest in the primary group. The final outcome was considered to be better than expected in 80% of MVD and 54% of PSR patients, but 22% of the PSR group (P &lt; 0.01) thought they were worse off.

CONCLUSION:
Patients undergoing posterior fossa surgery as a primary procedure are most satisfied and PSR patients are least satisfied, partly because of a higher rate of side effects.
Hyperacute Neuropathological Findings after Proton Beam Radiosurgery of the Rat Hippocampus
Authors: Brisman Jonathan L. , Cosgrove G Rees , Thornton Allan F. , Beer Thomas , Bradley-Moore Maria , Shay Christina T. , Hedley-Whyte E Tessa , Cole Andrew J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractOBJECTIVE:To study the hyperacute histological and immunohistochemical effects of stereotactic proton beam irradiation of the rat hippocampus.METHODS:Nine rats underwent proton beam radiosurgery of one hippocampus with nominal doses of cobalt-2, -12, and -60 Gray equivalents (n = 3 each). Control animals (n = 3) were not irradiated. Animals were killed 5 hours after irradiation and brain sections were stained for Nissl, silver degeneration, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation (DNAF), and the activated form of two mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), phospho-Erk1/2 (P-Erk1/2) and p38. Stained cells in the hippocampus expressing DNAF and/or P-Erk1/2 were counted. Confocal microscopy with double immunofluorescent staining was used to examine cellular colocalization of DNAF and P-Erk1/2.RESULTS:Both DNAF and P-Erk1/2 showed quantitative dose-dependent increases in staining in the targeted hippocampus compared with the contralateral side and controls. This finding was restricted to the subgranular proliferative zone of the hippocampus. Both markers also were up-regulated on the contralateral side when compared with controls in a dose-dependent fashion. Simultaneous staining for DNAF and P-Erk1/2 was found in fewer than half of all cells. p38 was unchanged compared with controls. Although Nissl staining appeared normal, silver stain confirmed dose-dependent cellular degeneration.CONCLUSION:DNAF, a marker of cell death, was present in rat hippocampi within 5 hours of delivery of cobalt-2 Gray equivalents stereotactically focused irradiation, suggesting that even low-dose radiosurgery has hyperacute neurotoxic effects. Activated mitogen-activated protein kinase was incompletely colocalized with DNAF, suggesting that activation of this cascade is neither necessary nor sufficient to initiate acute cell death after irradiation.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: McNatt Sean A. , Yu Cheng , Giannotta Steven L. , Zee Chi-Shing , Zelman Vladimir , Apuzzo Michael L.J. , Petrovich Zbigniew 
Published: May 2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to assess outcomes in patients treated with gamma knife radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia.

METHODS:
From 1997 to 2003, a total of 49 patients with trigeminal neuralgia underwent gamma knife radiosurgery. The trigeminal root entry zone immediately adjacent to the pons was targeted by use of a 4-mm collimator to deliver 40 Gy to the 50% isodose line (maximum dose, 80 Gy). Special care was taken to limit radiation dose to the adjacent pons to 12 Gy. Of the 49 study patients, all had undergone previous medical therapy, 8 (16%) had undergone microvascular decompression, 8 (16%) had undergone percutaneous rhizotomy, 2 (4%) had undergone linear accelerator-based radiosurgery, and 5 (10%) presented with multiple sclerosis. The median duration of symptoms was 6 years. There were 29 female patients (59%) and 20 male patients (41%). Facial pain outcomes were assessed by use of the Barrow Neurological Institute pain score. Other outcomes assessed included recurrence of symptoms and treatment toxicity. The median follow-up period was 49 months.

RESULTS:
At last evaluation, a total of 27 patients (61%) with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia reported pain relief (scores of IIIb or less). This included 14 patients (32%) who reported complete pain relief when not receiving medications. Significant recurrence of pain after an initial interval of relief was reported by 10 patients (23%). Mean time to pain recurrence was 9.6 months (range, 2–36 mo). Mild to moderate facial numbness was experienced by 13 patients (29%), whereas 8 (18%) reported mild dysesthesias.

CONCLUSION:
Gamma knife radiosurgery established durable pain relief in 61% of patients with medically refractory idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. A longer follow-up period is necessary to fully assess the incidence of late complications and recurrences.
Ewing's Sarcoma of the Cavernous Sinus: Case Report
Authors: Kushen Medina , Gulbahce H Evin , Lam Cornelius H. 
Published: May 2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE:
The Ewing's sarcoma (ES) family of tumors is a relatively rare entity, presenting most commonly in children. While the most common sites for this group of tumors are the trunk and the extremities, this case is unique in that we describe a long-term follow-up with an ES presenting in the cavernous sinus.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
We report the case of a 13-year-old girl presenting with the symptoms of classic orbital apex syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a cavernous sinus mass engulfing the optic nerve and extending into the superior orbital fissure.

INTERVENTION:
Evaluation of this patient included intracranial magnetic resonance imaging angiography and biopsy of the cavernous sinus mass lesion. Histopathological findings yielded a diagnosis of ES. Further work-up demonstrated that the patient's thyroid was also involved. The tumor was treated with radiation therapy to both sites and, subsequently, after confirmed metastases to other sites, 11 cycles of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy, as well as bone marrow transplantation. However, the patient succumbed to the illness 18 months after her initial diagnosis.

CONCLUSION:
The cavernous sinus is an unusual site for ES, but given the vascularity and the frequency of this tumor in childhood, the diagnosis should be entertained. This patient with an ES of cavernous sinus may be the first reported case with a long-term follow-up in the literature.
A New Route to an Endohedral Fullerene by Way of σ-Framework Transformations
Authors: Komatsu Koichi , Murata Yasujiro 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
The molecular surgical approach has been shown to be applicable to preparation of an endohedral fullerene. Thus, an orifice large enough to insert an atom or molecule has been constructed on the surface of fullerene C60. The orifice has been enlarged to a 13-membered ring by insertion of a sulfur atom on the rim, and 100% encapsulation of molecular hydrogen has been attained. Then, the size reduction of the orifice, without the loss of incorporated hydrogen, and complete closure of the orifice have been achieved to afford a new endohedral fullerene, H2@C60.
Two New Nortriterpenes from Ligularia tongolensis
Authors: Han Yi Feng , Gao Kun , Jia Zhong Jian 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
Two new nortriterpenes having a ursane type structure were isolated from the roots of Chinese Ligularia tongolensis, and their structures were elucidated by interpretation of spectral data. Their relative stereochemistries were also clarified by detailed analysis of proton–proton coupling constants and by NOE experiments.
Diastereoselective Trifluoromethylation of Chiral N-(Tolylsulfinyl)imines in the Presence of Lewis Bases
Authors: Kawano Yoshikazu , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
A diastereoselctive trifluoromethylation of chiral N-(tolylsulfinyl)imines with (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane in the presence of Lewis bases such as tetrabutylammonium acetate or phenoxide proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding trifluoromethylated adducts in good yields.
Porous CdS Nanowire Arrays Self-assembled in Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template
Authors: Zhang Xueru , Yuan Xiaoyou , Zhang Yong , Wei Qing , Meng Guowen , Zhang Lide 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
Porous CdS nanowire (NW) arrays have been synthesized by self-assemble of CdS nanoparticles (NPs) inside Sn2+/Pd2+-activated nanochannels of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. XRD analysis indicates that the as-synthesized CdS NWs are hexagonal crystalline. TEM and SEM observations reveal that the CdS NWs are porous and consists of self-assembled CdS NPs.
Functional InP Nanocrystals as Novel Near-infrared Fluorescent Sensors for Mercury Ions
Authors: Zhu Changqing , Li Ling , Fang Fang , Chen Jinlong , Wu Yuqin 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
Water-soluble indium phosphide nanocrystals capped with mercaptoacetic acid were synthesized. The nanocrystals fluoresce in the near-infrared region with maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 750 and 826 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensity is significantly enhanced in the presence of Hg2+ ions. Under the optimum conditions, the fluorescence enhancement is in proportional to the concentration of Hg2+.
Blue Light Emitting Poly(N-arylcarbazol-2,7-ylene)s
Authors: Kijima Masashi , Koguchi Ryohei , Abe Shota 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
N-(4-alkoxyphenyl) substituted poly(carbazol-2,7-ylene)s were synthesized by Ni-catalyzed polycondensations of 2,7-dihalogenocarbazoles. The polymers intensely fluoresced blue in solution and in the solid-film state by irradiation of UV light. The introduction of the aryl group at the N-position of poly(carbazol-2,7-ylene) enhanced fluorescent quantum efficiency of the polymer, which showed higher performance than N-alkyl substituted polymers.
A Facile Chemical Solution Route to Convert Bulk Cuprous Iodide into Nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Yang , Liu Shuman , Kimura Keisaku 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
CuI nanoparticles were fabricated from conventional CuI powders in micrometer size. Acetonitrile was used as a dispersing agent to dissolve CuI powders. With acetonitrile evaporated, poly-2-vinylpyrolidine (PVP) in the solution could effectively restrict CuI particle growth, prevent them from aggregation, and result in the formation of CuI nanoparticles embedded in the polymer matrix.
Quantitative Evaluation of Spatial Uniformity in Spectral Characteristics for Large-area Colloidal Crystals
Authors: Kanai Toshimitsu , Sawada Tsutomu , Kitamura Kenji 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
We report a quantitative method for evaluating the optical quality of large-area colloidal crystals based on imaging spectroscopy. We measured the transmission spectra with the spatial resolution of large colloidal crystals having different optical quality and examined the characteristic features in terms of the standard deviation calculated on the basis of pixel-by-pixel transmittance of all pixels. As a result, it was possible to quantitatively characterize the difference between weakly and highly oriented samples prepared by a shear-induced method as a difference in the standard deviation in a pass-band wavelength region.
Effect of Roughness on Lipophobicity of a Surface Prepared Using Boehmite Nanoparticles and Fluoroalkylsilane
Authors: Nakajima Akira , Hoshino Mitsuhiro , Song Jeong-Hwan , Kameshima Yoshikazu , Okada Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
The effect of surface roughness on lipophobicity was investigated on a surface prepared using a combination of boehmite nanoparticles and fluoroalkylsilane. The requirement of surface roughness for superlipophobicity by oleic acid is higher than 565 nm when the surface energy is approximately 14 mJ/m2. This roughness value is around ten times of that for superhydrophobicity.
Synthesis of Tetrakis(2-furyl)methane
Authors: Kurata Hiroyuki , Oki Yoshiaki , Matsumoto Kouzou , Kawase Takeshi , Oda Masaji 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
The parent tetrakis(2-furyl)methane is first synthesized using aromatic nucleophilic substitution on 2-chlorofurans as a key reaction. X-ray analysis reveals the shortest bond length between the central methane carbon and furyl ipso-carbons among known tetraarylmethanes. Successful tetrabromination and tetralithiation promise its high synthetic utility.
NMR Study of the Amide Bond-formation Using a Heterocyclic Amine and Acid Receptor
Authors: Condamine Eric , Moore Grégory , Marsais Francis , Dupas Georges , Papamicaël Cyril , Levacher Vincent 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
Recently, a tricyclic receptor capable of binding a carboxylic acid or an amine has been described. A kinetic study of the reaction between benzoic acid and benzylamine to give the amide bond using this heterocyclic receptor has been performed. The results suggest that the receptor plays a significant role in accelerating the amide bond-formation. To gain further information on the complex formation between the host, benzoic acid and benzylamine, NOESY and T-ROESY experiments were performed.
Does Low Frequency Noise at Modarate Levels Influence Human Mental Performance?
Authors: Pawlaczyk-łuszczyńska Malgorzata , Dudarewicz Adam , Waszkowska Małgorzata , Szymczak Wiesław , Kameduła Maria , Śliwińska-Kowalska Mariola 
Published: May 2005

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of low frequency noise (LFN) at levels normally occurring in the industrial control rooms on human mental performance (attention, visual perception and logical reasoning) and subjective well-being. Subjects were 191 male volunteers categorised in terms of subjective sensitivity to noise in general. They performed standardised tests: the Signal Detection Test (test I), the Stroop Colour-Word Test (test II), and two sub-tests of the General Aptitude Test Battery, i.e. the Math Reasoning Test (test III) and the Comparing of Names Test (test IV). Three different acoustic conditions were used in the between-subjects design: the background laboratory noise of about 30 dB(A), LFN, and a broadband noise without dominant low frequency components (reference noise) at 50 dB(A). Each subject was tested only once in random-assigned exposure conditions. Generally, no significant differences in performance related to exposure conditions were noted. Some of the results from test I and test II were influenced by sensitivity to noise. However, there were no significant differences between high- and low-sensitive subjects during exposure to LFN. The annoyance of LFN and reference noise was rated higher than that of the background noise. Subjects highly-sensitive to noise reported higher annoyance due to LFN in comparison with low-sensitives. No significant differences related to noise sensitivity in annoyance assessment of background and reference noises were noted. In conclusion, no effects due to LFN on mental performance compared to background and reference noises were found.
Maternal Risk Factors for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: A Population-Based Study
Authors: May Philip A. , Gossage J. Phillip , Brooke Lesley E. , Snell Cudore L. , Marais Anna-Susan , Hendricks Loretta S. , Croxford Julie A. , Viljoen Denis L. 
Published: June 2005

Objectives. We defined risk factors for fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in a region with the highest documented prevalence of FAS in the world. Methods. We compared mothers of 53 first-grade students with FAS (cases) with 116 randomly selected mothers of first-grade students without FAS (controls). Results. Differences between case and control mothers in our study population existed regarding socioeconomic status, religiosity, education, gravidity, parity, and marital status. Mothers of children with FAS came from alcohol-abusing families in which heavy drinking was almost universal; control mothers drank little to no alcohol. Current and past alcohol use by case mothers was characterized by heavy binge drinking on weekends, with no reduction of use during pregnancy in 87% of the mothers. Twenty percent of control mothers drank during pregnancy, a rate that declined to 12.7% by the third trimester. The percentage who smoked during pregnancy was higher for case mothers than for control mothers (75.5% vs 30.3%), but the number of cigarettes smoked was low among case mothers. The incidence of FAS in offspring of relatively young women (28 years) was not explained by early drinking onset or years of drinking (mean, 7.6 years among case mothers). In addition to traditional FAS risk factors, case mothers were smaller in height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index, all anthropomorphic measures that indicate poor nutrition and second-generation fetal alcohol exposure. Conclusions. Preventive interventions are needed to address maternal risk factors for FAS.
Cancer Prevention Among Working Class, Multiethnic Adults: Results of the Healthy Directions–Health Centers Study
Authors: Emmons Karen M. , Stoddard Ann M. , Fletcher Robert , Gutheil Caitlin , Suarez Elizabeth Gonzalez , Lobb Rebecca , Weeks Jane , Bigby Judy Anne 
Published: June 2005

Objectives. We analyzed outcomes from a study that examined social-contextual factors in cancer prevention interventions for working class, multiethnic populations. Methods. Ten community health centers were randomized to intervention or to control. Patients who resided in low-income, multiethnic neighborhoods were eligible; the intervention targeted fruit and vegetable consumption, red meat consumption, multivitamin intake, and physical activity. Outcomes were measured at 8 months. Results. The intervention led to significant increases in fruit and vegetable consumption and multivitamin intake and reductions in red meat consumption; no change was found in physical activity levels. The intervention effect was not changed when contextual variables that may function as confounders or effect modifiers (e.g., gender, education, race/ethnicity, respondent and parents’ country of birth, and poverty status) were included in the analyses. Conclusions. The intervention led to significant improvements in health behaviors among a working class, multiethnic population, regardless of race/ ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Interventions that respond to the social context of working class individuals across racial/ethnic categories hold promise for improving cancer-related risk behaviors.
Predictors of Work-Related Repetitive Strain Injuries in a Population Cohort
Authors: Cole Donald C. , Ibrahim Selahadin , Shannon Harry S. 
Published: June 2005

Objectives. We assessed predictors of work-related repetitive strain injuries using data from 4 waves of the Canadian National Population Health Survey. Methods. Participants were 2806 working adults who completed an abbreviated version of the Job Content Questionnaire in 1994–1995 and did not experience repetitive strain injuries prior to 2000–2001. Potential previous wave predictors of work-related repetitive strain injuries were modeled via multivariate logistic regression. Results. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.24, 3.18), some college or university education (OR=1.98; 95% CI=1.06, 3.70), job insecurity (OR=1.76; 95% CI=1.07, 2.91), high physical exertion levels (OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.29, 3.12), and high levels of psychological demands (OR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.02, 2.52) were all positively associated with work-related repetitive strain injuries, whereas working less than 30 hours per week exhibited a negative association with such injuries (OR=0.2; 95% CI=0.1, 0.7). Conclusions. Modifiable job characteristics are important predictors of work-related repetitive strain injuries.
Nanostructured Complex Cobalt Oxides as Potential Materials for Solar Thermoelectric Power Generators
Authors: Robert R. , Romer S. , Reller A. , Weidenkaff A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThermoelectrically active and stable perovskite‐type materials e.g. La1–xCaxCoO3 (0<x<0.4), La1–xCaxCo0.99Ti0.01O3 (0<x<0.2), and Ca3Co4O9 have been successfully synthesized using selected precursor compounds. This soft chemistry route allows the control of the elemental composition from 1% level to 50% substitution. Accordingly the Co valency and therefore the transport properties of the product phases can be controlled. It has been found that the pH of the precursor solution results in a pronounced influence on the morphology of the products. The thermoelectric values measured of the nanostructured “misfit cobaltite Ca3Co4O9” shows a Seebeck coefficient of S300K ∼ + 123 μVK–1, and a resistivity of ρ ∼ 1.9 mΩ cm at room temperature, which is comparable to the reported value for single crystals. Ca‐ and Ti‐substituted LaCoO3 reveal thermopower values in the range from S300K ∼ + 70 to + 180 μVK–1. The electrical conductivity of the nanostructured compounds is high in spite of the fact that the grain boundary influence is increasing. The Seebeck coefficient values of the products are positive in the whole temperature range indicating p‐type conduction.
Cleavage Fracture of Brittle Semiconductors from the Nanometre to the Centimetre Scale
Authors: Wasmer K. , Ballif C. , Gassilloud R. , Pouvreau C. , Rabe R. , Michler J. , Breguet J.‐M. , Solletti J.‐M. , Karimi A. , Schulz D. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to present the fundamental phenomena occurring during the scribing and subsequent fracturing process usually performed when preparing surfaces of brittle semiconductors. In the first part, an overview of nano‐scratching experiments of different semiconductor surfaces (InP, Si and GaAs) is given. It is shown how phase transformation can occur in Si under a diamond tip, how single dislocations can be induced in InP wafers and how higher scratching load of GaAs wafer leads to the apparition of a crack network below the surface. A nano‐scratching device, inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM), has been used to observe how spalling (crack and detachment of chips) and/or ductile formation of chips may happen at the semiconductor surface. In the second part cleavage experiments are described. The breaking load of thin GaAs (100) wafers is directly related to the presence of initial sharp cracks induced by scratching. By performing finite element modelling (FEM) of samples under specific loading conditions, it is found that the depth of the median crack below the scratch determines quantitatively the onset of crack propagation. By carefully controlling the position and measuring the force during the cleavage, it is demonstrated that crack propagation through a wafer can be controlled. Besides, the influence of the loading configuration on crack propagation and on the cleaved surface quality is explained.