bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of coffee thermal cycling on the surface properties and stainability of additively manufactured denture base resins in different layer thicknesses
Authors: Çakmak Gülce , Asadolahi Nura Watson , Schimmel Martin , Molinero‐Mourelle Pedro , Akay Canan , Donmez Mustafa Borga , Yilmaz Burak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeTo compare the effect of coffee thermal cycling on surface roughness (Ra), Vickers microhardness (MH), and stainability of denture base resins additively manufactured in different layer thicknesses with those of subtractively manufactured denture base materials.Materials and MethodsEighty disk‐shaped specimens (Ø10×2 mm) were fabricated from two subtractively (Merz M‐PM [SM‐M] and G‐CAM [SM‐G]) and three additively (NextDent 3D+ [50 µm, AM‐N‐50; 100 µm, AM‐N‐100], FREEPRINT Denture [50 µm, AM‐F‐50; 100 µm, AM‐F‐100], and Denturetec [50 µm, AM‐S‐50; 100 µm, AM‐S‐100]) manufactured denture base materials (n = 10). Ra measurements were performed before and after polishing by using a non‐contact optical profilometer, while MH values and color coordinates were measured after polishing. Specimens were then subjected to 5000 cycles of coffee thermal cycling, all measurements were repeated, and color differences (ΔE00) were calculated. A linear mixed effect model was used to analyze Ra and MH data, while one‐way analysis of variance was used to analyze ΔE00 data (α = 0.05). Ra values were further evaluated according to a clinically acceptable threshold of 0.2 µm, while ΔE00 values were evaluated according to perceptibility (1.72 units) and acceptability (4.08 units) thresholds. The interaction between the material type and the time interval affected both Ra and MH (p ≤ 0.001). Tested materials had their highest Ra before polishing (p ≤ 0.029). Before polishing, AM‐F‐100 had the highest, and SM‐M and SM‐G had the lowest Ra (p < 0.001). After polishing and after coffee thermal cycling, SM‐G mostly had lower Ra than those of other materials (p ≤ 0.036). SM‐G mostly had higher MH than that of other materials before and after coffee thermal cycling (p ≤ 0.025). Coffee thermal cycling reduced the MH of SM‐M and increased that of AM‐S‐100 (p ≤ 0.024). AM‐N‐100 had higher ΔE00 than AM‐F, AM‐S‐100, and SM‐G (p ≤ 0.009), while AM‐F and SM‐G had lower ΔE00 than AM‐S‐50 and AM‐N‐50 (p ≤ 0.024).ConclusionsPolishing reduced the surface roughness of all materials, whereas the effect of coffee thermal cycling was nonsignificant. Most of the tested materials had acceptable surface roughness after polishing and after coffee thermal cycling according to the reported threshold. Layer thickness only affected the microhardness of tested additively manufactured resins, which was material‐dependent. Subtractively manufactured specimens mostly had high microhardness and that of nonreinforced subtractively manufactured resin decreased after coffee thermal cycling. When reported color thresholds are considered, all materials had acceptable color stability.
Sleepiness and comorbid sleep disorders in functional motor disorders: a comparative study with central hypersomnia
Authors: Nepožitek Jiří , Dostálová Simona , Věchetová Gabriela , Sieger Tomáš , Forejtová Zuzana , Nováková Lucia , Galušková Karolína , Milata Martin , Varga Zsóka , Tanaka Hiroki , Růžička Evžen , Šonka Karel , Edwards Mark , Serranová Tereza 
Published: November 2023

SummarySleep symptoms, including excessive sleepiness, are frequently reported by patients with functional motor disorders (FMD). We aimed to classify the comorbid sleep disorders in FMD, and to investigate the relationship between subjective sleepiness and objective measures of hypersomnia, comparing them with data from people with central hypersomnia. A total of 37 patients (mean [SD] age 46.4 [11.2] years) with clinically definite FMD, and 17 patients (mean [SD] age 41.1 [11.6] years) with central hypersomnia underwent structured medical and sleep history, neurological examination, polysomnography, multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), and questionnaires assessing sleepiness, fatigue, and depression. In all, 23 patients with FMD (62%) reported excessive daytime sleepiness. Evidence of specific sleep disorders was identified in our cohort, with 35% having restless legs syndrome; 49% obstructive sleep apnea; and 8% periodic limb movements in sleep; however, the presence of these disorders was not correlated with subjective sleepiness. Patients with FMD with self‐reported sleepiness reported higher fatigue (p = 0.002), depression (p = 0.002), and had longer sleep latencies in the MSLT (p < 0.001) compared to the patients with central hypersomnia. No correlation was found between subjective and objective sleepiness in either group. Fatigue positively correlated with self‐reported sleepiness in patients with FMD (p < 0.001). This study did not find objective correlates of increased sleepiness in patients with FMD. While sleep abnormalities were found to be common in FMD, they were not correlated with self‐reports of excessive sleepiness. Positive correlations between self‐reported sleepiness and fatigue support the current unified model of non‐motor symptoms in FMD.
Perspectives of patients, families and nurses on pain after cardiac surgery: A qualitative study
Authors: Dağcan Şahin Necibe , Gürol Arslan Gülşah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPost‐cardiac surgery pain affects patients, family caregivers and nurses. The pain experiences of patients, caregivers and nurses remain largely unknown. Therefore, it is important to examine the experiences of patients, caregivers and nurses in depth to ensure effective pain management.AimThe aim of this study is to examine post‐cardiac surgery pain from the perspectives of patients, caregivers and nurses.Study DesignA descriptive qualitative research design was used. The study was carried out in the cardiovascular surgery ward of a tertiary hospital in Türkiye between June and December 2022. The data‐driven triangulation method was used in the research. The study sample consisted of eight patients who had undergone cardiac surgery in the tertiary hospital, eight family caregivers and nine nurses who provided care for these individuals. A ‘semi‐structured interview form’ was used to collect data through face‐to‐face and in‐depth interviews. The data were analysed using the thematic analysis method. The COREQ checklist was used for reporting the study.ResultsAs a result of the interviews, six themes were elicited from the data. These themes were ‘explaining pain’, ‘assessment of pain’, ‘responses to pain’, ‘effect of pain on activities of daily living’, ‘expectations in painful situations’ and ‘pain management’.ConclusionsThis study revealed the differences between pain perceptions and coping processes of patients who experienced pain after cardiac surgery, their caregivers and nurses.Relevance to Clinical PracticeConsidering the experiences of patients, caregivers and nurses in pain management after cardiac surgery, applications that will ensure joint participation in care practices should be planned.
Adverse reactions in young children receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine
Authors: Matsumoto Naomi , Shimizu Junya , Yokoyama Yuji , Tsukahara Hirokazu , Yorifuji Takashi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to investigate the occurrence of adverse reactions in Japanese children aged 6 months to 4 years who received the BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine, to examine parental considerations, and to evaluate potential risk factors associated with post‐vaccination fever.MethodsThis cross‐sectional survey study targeted 1617 children aged 6 months to 4 years who received their primary doses of BNT162b2 from November 10, 2022, to April 30, 2023, in Okayama Prefecture. We surveyed the occurrence of local and systemic reactions within 1 week after vaccination, and described the incidence proportions of adverse reactions for 515 participants overall and by age group. The study also examined the impact of previous COVID‐19 infection and co‐administration of the seasonal influenza vaccine on post‐vaccination fever. A survey also assessed parents' reasons for vaccinating their children and the sources of information they used.ResultsAdverse reactions were infrequent (5.2%, with fever ≥37.5°C; no cases exceeded 39°C) and did not increase with vaccine doses administered. The risk of post‐vaccination fever was not statistically associated with a history of COVID‐19—the adjusted risk ratio (aRR) was 0.99, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.41–2.39—but was associated with co‐administration of the seasonal influenza vaccine (aRR 3.24, 95% CI 1.14–9.18). Parental decisions regarding vaccination were influenced by official government guidelines and primary care physicians' opinion.ConclusionThis study provides valuable insight into the safety profile of the BNT162b2 vaccine in Japanese children aged 6 months to 4 years. Further research involving larger cohorts and appropriate control groups is needed.
Optimizing the administrated light dose during 5‐ALA‐mediated photodynamic therapy: Murine 4T1 breast cancer model
Authors: Amiri Hossein , Mokhtari‐Dizaji Manijhe , Mozdarani Hossein 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is already used to treat many cancers, including breast cancer, the most common cancer in women worldwide. The destruction basis of this method is on produced singlet oxygen which is extremely reactive and is a major agent of tumor cell killing. The measurement of singlet oxygen produced within PDT is essential in predicting treatment outcomes and their optimization. This study aims to determine the optimal total light dose administered during PDT by calculating the singlet oxygen to facilitate the prediction of the treatment outcome in mice bearing 4T1 cell breast cancer. Monitoring the changes in photosensitizer fluorescence signals during PDT due to photobleaching can be one of the methods of determination of singlet oxygen generation in the PDT process. This study determined the oxygen singlet as a photodynamic dose from the three‐dimensional Monte Carlo method and the photobleaching empirical dose constant. The photobleaching dose constant was established non‐invasively by monitoring the in vivo protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence and photobleaching during PDT. The photobleaching dose constant (β) in J/cm2was calculated using empirical fluorescence data. The in vivo photobleaching dose constant of aminolevulinic acid was found to be 11.6 J/cm2and based on this value, the optimal treatment light dose was estimated at 120 J/cm2in mice bearing 4T1 breast cancer. It is concluded that information can be obtained regarding optimal treatment parameters by monitoring the in vivo PpIX fluorescence and photobleaching during PDT.
Tomato salt‐responsive pseudo‐response regulator 1, SlSRP1, negatively regulates the high‐salt and dehydration stress responses
Authors: Bae Yeongil , Song Se Jin , Lim Chae Woo , Kim Chul Min , Lee Sung Chul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnder severe environmental stress conditions, plants inhibit their growth and development and initiate various defense mechanisms to survive. The pseudo‐response regulator (PRRs) genes have been known to be involved in fruit ripening and plant immunity in various plant species, but their role in responses to environmental stresses, especially high salinity and dehydration, remains unclear. Here, we focused on PRRs in tomato plants and identified two PRR2‐like genes, SlSRP1 and SlSRP1H, from the leaves of salt‐treated tomato plants. After exposure to dehydration and high‐salt stresses, expression of SISRP1, but not SlSRP1H, was significantly induced in tomato leaves. Subcellular localization analysis showed that SlSRP1 was predominantly located in the nucleus, while SlSRP1H was equally distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. To further investigate the potential role of SlSRP1 in the osmotic stress response, we generated SISRP1‐silenced tomato plants. Compared to control plants, SISRP1‐silenced tomato plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to high salinity, as evidenced by a high accumulation of proline and reduced chlorosis, ion leakage, and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, SISRP1‐silenced tomato plants showed dehydration‐tolerant phenotypes with enhanced abscisic acid sensitivity and increased expression of stress‐related genes, including SlRD29, SlAREB, and SlDREB2. Overall, our findings suggest that SlSRP1 negatively regulates the osmotic stress response.
Processes controlling rare earth element distribution in sedimentary apatite: Insights from spectroscopy, in situ geochemistry and O and Sr isotope composition
Authors: Decrée Sophie , Deloule Etienne , Barros Renata , Mercadier Julien , Höhn Stefan , Peiffert Chantal , Baele Jean‐Marc 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTIn phosphorites, the content and distribution of rare earth elements are linked to the environment of phosphogenesis. This paper focuses on the question of sources and processes controlling the rare earth element content of apatite from Belgian phosphorites formed during three major phosphogenic events in the Lower Palaeozoic, Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. To constrain sources and processes, new data include petrological, mineralogical (including cathodoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy) and in situ trace element and Sr and O isotope analyses of apatite. Fluorapatite from Lower Palaeozoic P‐rich conglomerates has the greatest rare earth element enrichment. It is affected by metamorphism that led to deformation of apatite nodules and formation of garnet porphyroblast inclusions. The role of Fe‐oxyhydroxides in element scavenging is highlighted by some apatite nodules that maintain their primary middle rare earth element enrichment, while others are characterized by altered rare earth element patterns resulting from competition for these elements between co‐crystallizing minerals during deformation. A systematic shift towards lower δ18O and radiogenic Sr isotopic composition compared to contemporaneous seawater indicate interaction with 18O‐depleted meteoric fluids and a crustal component. By contrast, carbonate‐rich fluorapatite from the Late Cretaceous phosphatic chalk mostly keeps its primary trace element and isotopic signatures (close to seawater), although an external rare earth element addition is noted, as well as rare earth element redistribution induced by diagenetic alteration. Cenozoic carbonate fluorapatite nodules mostly present flat rare earth element patterns that are indicative of a detrital influence. Slight changes in rare earth element distribution are assigned to post‐depositional alteration, which also led to an increase in radiogenic Sr, with unchanged δ18O compared to seawater. The methodology followed here efficiently helps in deciphering the processes that modified the chemistry of apatite in the frame of major phosphogenic events.
WHS guidelines for the treatment of pressure ulcers—2023 update
Authors: Gould Lisa J. , Alderden Jenny , Aslam Rummana , Barbul Adrian , Bogie Kath M. , El Masry Mohamed , Graves Letitia Y. , White‐Chu E. Foy , Ahmed Amany , Boanca KerriAnn , Brash Jessica , Brooks Katie R. , Cockron Wendy , Kennerly Susan M. , Livingston Aaron K. , Page Jeni , Stephens Catherine , West Velena , Yap Tracey L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe major populations at risk for developing pressure ulcers are older adults who have multiple risk factors that increase their vulnerability, people who are critically ill and those with spinal cord injury/disease. The reported prevalence of pressure ulcers in the United States is 2.5 million. However, this estimate is derived from acute care facilities and does not include people who are living at home or in nursing facilities. Despite the implementation of hospital and facility‐based preventive measures, the incidence of pressure ulcers has not decreased in decades. In addition to the burden of pain, infection and death, it is estimated that hospital‐acquired pressure ulcers cost the health system $26.8 billion annually with over 50% of the cost attributed to treating Stage 3 and 4 pressure injuries. Thus, it is critical to examine the literature and develop guidelines that will improve the outcomes of this complex and costly condition. This guideline update is a compendium of the best available evidence for the treatment of Pressure Ulcers published since the last update in 2015 and includes a new section based on changing demographics entitled ‘Palliative wound care for seriously ill patients with pressure ulcers’. The overall goal of the Wound Healing Society Guideline project is to present clear, concise and commercial free guidelines that clinicians can use to guide care, that researchers can use to develop studies that will improve treatment and that both clinicians and researchers can use to understand the gaps in our knowledge base.
Vehicle Crashworthiness Performance Prediction Through Fusion of Multiple Data Sources
Authors: Zeng Jice , Zhao Ying , Li Guosong , Gao Zhenyan , Li Yang , Barbat Saeed , Hu Zhen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to improve the prediction accuracy of the computer-aided engineering (CAE) model for crashworthiness performance evaluation at speeds beyond those defined by current regulations and public domain testing protocols. One way of achieving this is by integrating data from a few physical crash tests with the CAE data using machine learning models. In this study, two scenarios are investigated: (1) improving CAE model prediction accuracy using test data of a vehicle type that is the same as that of the CAE model; (2) improving CAE model prediction accuracy using test data from two different types of vehicles (e.g., two different sizes of SUVs). In the first scenario, a novel approach is proposed in the displacement domain (deceleration versus displacement) to enable data fusion to help recover the unmodeled physics in the CAE model. A nonlinear spring-mass model is used to simulate rigid-barrier vehicle frontal impact. A Gaussian process regression (GPR) model is then applied in conjunction with a Gaussian mixture model to capture the model bias of the nonlinear spring constant under a dynamic analysis scheme. In the second scenario, we propose a time-domain method (deceleration versus time) based on temporal convolutional network (TCN) and transfer learning. An initial TCN model is first trained by fusing CAE data with physical test data of the first vehicle type based on data augmentation. This data-augmented TCN model is then fine-tuned through transfer learning using CAE and test data of the second vehicle type. It leverages the domain-invariant representations of the two types of vehicles to enhance the CAE model prediction accuracy of the second vehicle type. Case studies are used to validate the proposed approaches and to demonstrate their efficacy in improving the prediction accuracy of the CAE models.
Clostridioides difficile
utilizes siderophores as an iron source and FhuDBGC contributes to ferrichrome uptake
Authors: Hastie Jessica L. , Carmichael Hannah L. , Werner Bailey M. , Dunbar Kristin E. , Carlson Paul E. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Clostridioides difficile
remains a public health threat commonly observed following antibiotic use. Due to the importance of iron in many cell processes, most bacteria, including
C. difficile
, have multiple mechanisms of acquiring iron. Previous studies have examined ferrous iron uptake in
C. difficile
; here we focus on the role of siderophores. In a growth assay, we show that
C. difficile
can use a variety of siderophores as the sole iron source. In
C. difficile,
two ABC transporters induced under low iron conditions are predicted siderophore importers: FhuDBGC and YclNOPQ. We hypothesized that these transporters are responsible for the uptake of the siderophores we tested. To investigate the specificity of these transporters, we purified the substrate binding proteins and examined siderophore binding using thermal shift. We demonstrate increased stability between one siderophore binding protein, FhuD, and the siderophore ferrichrome, suggesting a binding interaction. This specificity correlates with the inability of an
ΔfhuDBGC
mutant to grow efficiently under iron limiting conditions in the presence of ferrichrome. While
C. difficile
used additional siderophores in our growth experiments, we did not observe increased thermal stability between the receptor proteins and any of the other siderophores tested, suggesting these siderophores do not bind these receptors and other siderophore import mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Redundancy in iron acquisition is a microbial survival adaptation to cope with the constant battle for iron within a host. Greater knowledge about how
C. difficile
acquires iron will provide insight about how
C. difficile
colonizes and persists in the colon.

IMPORTANCE

This study is the first example of
C. difficile
growing with siderophores as the sole iron source and describes the characterization of the ferric hydroxamate uptake ABC transporter (FhuDBGC). This transporter shows specificity to the siderophore ferrichrome. While not required for pathogenesis, this transporter highlights the redundancy in iron acquisition mechanisms that
C. difficile
uses to compete for iron during an infection.
Engaging students in a genetics course-based undergraduate research experience utilizing
Caenorhabditis elegans
in hybrid learning to explore human disease gene variants
Authors: Forte Natalie R. , Veasey Virginia N. , Christie Bethany J. , Carter Amira , Hanks Marli A. , Holderfield Alan , Houston Taylor , Challa Anil K. , Turner Ashley N. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Genetic analysis in model systems using bioinformatic approaches provides a rich context for a concrete and conceptual understanding of gene structure and function. With the intent to engage students in research and explore disease biology utilizing the nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans
model, we developed a semester-long course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) in a hybrid (online/in-person) learning environment—the gene-editing and evolutionary nematode exploration CURE (GENE-CURE). Using a combination of bioinformatic and molecular genetic tools, students performed structure-function analysis of disease-associated variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in human orthologs. With the aid of a series of workshop-style research sessions, students worked in teams of two to six members to identify a conserved VUS locus across species and design and test a polymerase chain reaction-based assay for targeted editing of a gene in the nematode and downstream genotyping. Research session discussions, responsible conduct of research training, electronic laboratory notebook, project reports, quizzes, and group poster presentations at a research symposium were assessed for mastery of learning objectives and research progress. Self-reflections were collected from students to assess engagement, science identity, and science efficacy. Qualitative analysis of these reflections indicated several gains suggesting that all students found many aspects of the GENE-CURE rewarding (learning process of research, self-confidence in research and science identity, and personal interest) and challenging (iterative research and failure, time management, COVID-19 pandemic, and life issues).