bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outpatient paracentesis for the management of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: study protocol for the STOP-OHSS randomised controlled trial
Authors: White David Alexander , Pye Clare , Ridsdale Katie , Dimairo Munyaradzi , Mooney Cara , Wright Jessica , Young Tracey Anne , Cheong Ying C , Drakeley Andrew , Mathur Raj , O'Cathain Alicia , Desoysa Lauren , Sizer Anya , Lumley Elizabeth , Chatters Robin , Metwally Mostafa 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionOvarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is the most significant short-term complication of pharmacological ovarian stimulation. Symptoms range from mild abdominal discomfort to rare complications such as renal failure, thromboembolism and respiratory distress syndrome.Currently, clinical practice typically involves monitoring the patient until the condition becomes severe, at which point they are admitted to hospital, where drainage of ascitic fluid (paracentesis) may take place. Preliminary studies have indicated that earlier outpatient paracentesis may reduce the progression of OHSS and prevent hospitalisation in women.Methods and analysisThis UK, multicentre, pragmatic, two-arm, parallel-group, adaptive (group sequential with one interim analysis), open-label, superiority, confirmatory, group sequential, individually randomised controlled trial, with internal pilot will assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness and safety of outpatient paracentesis versus conservative management (usual care) for moderate or severe OHSS. 224 women from 20 National Health Service and private fertility units will be randomised (1:1) and followed up for up to 13.5 months. The primary outcome is the rate of OHSS related hospital admission of at least 24 hours within 28 days postrandomisation. The primary analysis will be an intention to treat with difference in hospitalisation rates as measure of treatment effect. Secondary outcomes include time to resolution of symptoms, patient satisfaction, adverse events and cost-effectiveness. A qualitative substudy will facilitate the feasibility of recruitment. Participant recruitment commenced in June 2022.Ethics and disseminationLondon—Southeast Research Ethics Committee approved the protocol (reference: 22/LO/0015). Findings will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and abstracts to relevant national and international conferences, as well as being disseminated to trial participants and patient groups.Trial registration numberISRCTN71978064.
Bladder sparing by short-course radiotherapy combined with toripalimab in high-risk/extremely high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HOPE-04): study protocol for a single-arm, prospective, phase II trial
Authors: Wen Feng , Lin Tianhai , Zhang Peng , Zeng Hao , Wei Qiang , Shen Yali 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionRadical cystectomy remains the standard treatment for intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) because potential bladder-preserving therapies are not well established. Combination of radiotherapy with programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody may offer an optional bladder preservation treatment for high-risk/extremely high risk NMIBC. Hence, the current study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of short-course radiotherapy (5×5 Gy) and toripalimab (PD-1 antibody) as a novel bladder sparing treatment in this population.Methods and analysisHOPE-04 is an open-label, single-arm, phase II study, designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of short-course radiotherapy and toripalimab in patients with high-risk/extremely high risk NMIBC. Fifty-five patients with pathological and imaging diagnosed NMIBC with or without BCG treatment will be recruited. Radiotherapy of 5×5 Gy will be given to the whole bladder followed by a focal tumour bed boost and concomitant administration of toripalimab of 240 mg intravenous infusion every 21 days for 12 cycles (about 1 year). The primary endpoints are disease-free survival and safety. The secondary endpoint is overall survival. Additional indicators include implementation rate of salvage surgery and quality of life.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Trial findings will be disseminated via peer reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial registration numberChinese Ethics Committee of Registering Clinical Trials (ChiCTR2200059970).
Patient-reported outcome and experience measures (POEM) of a community-based glaucoma clinic in Cambridge, UK: an observational study
Authors: Charlesworth Emily , Jolly Jasleen Kaur , Farrell Sarah , Bourne Rupert , Pardhan Shahina 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesGlaucoma care demand in UK hospitals has exploded in recent years. This has resulted in a push to community (shared, virtual, etc) care models to reduce the burden on hospital systems and on patients. The study aimed to ascertain patient’s experiences around various aspects of their care delivered in community clinics.DesignObservational study.SettingGlaucoma Community Clinic, Cambridge, UK.ParticipantsNinety-six consecutive patients (M:F 47:49, mean age 70±12 years), recruited from July to September 2022.Outcome measuresPatients completed a modified glaucoma patient-reported outcome and experience measure (POEM) regarding their clinic experience and perspective on their diagnosis, treatment and fear of blindness. Patient’s thoughts of feeling safe under the community clinical team were gathered. Patient demographics including age, gender, postcodes and education history were used to find their corresponding Lower-Layer Super Output Areas and socioeconomic status.ResultsPatients had positive perceptions of their clinic experience. Ninety-six per cent of patients reported that their experience of attending the community clinic was comfortable, and 93% (n=92) felt the experience was the same as expected from the hospital. Feeling safe under the clinician team produced a mean Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score of 90 (SD 15) and feeling care was organised produced a mean VAS score of 87 (SD 17). Age, gender, disease characteristics and socioeconomic status had no influence on perceived experience. Patients aged <60 years had significantly lower understanding of their diagnosis compared with older groups (p=0.027, η2=0.076), as did suspect glaucoma patients when compared with primary open glaucoma patients (p=0.045, η2=0.085).ConclusionsA large majority of patients expressed a positive experience, felt safe under the care of their clinical team and their care was well organised. Relatively younger patients (<60 years) and those with no confirmed diagnosis would likely benefit from more consultation time and educational materials to improve their understanding of glaucoma.
Detection of fibrosing interstitial lung disease-suspected chest radiographs using a deep learning-based computer-aided detection system: a retrospective, observational study
Authors: Ukita Jumpei , Nishikiori Hirotaka , Hirota Kenichi , Honda Seiwa , Hatanaka Kiwamu , Nakamura Ryoji , Ikeda Kimiyuki , Mori Yuki , Asai Yuichiro , Chiba Hirofumi , Ogaki Keisuke 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesTo investigate the effectiveness of BMAX, a deep learning-based computer-aided detection system for detecting fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD) on chest radiographs among non-expert and expert physicians in the real-world clinical setting.DesignRetrospective, observational study.SettingThis study used chest radiograph images consecutively taken in three medical facilities with various degrees of referral. Three expert ILD physicians interpreted each image and determined whether it was a fibrosing ILD-suspected image (fibrosing ILD positive) or not (fibrosing ILD negative). Interpreters, including non-experts and experts, classified each of 120 images extracted from the pooled data for the reading test into positive or negative for fibrosing ILD without and with the assistance of BMAX.ParticipantsChest radiographs of patients aged 20 years or older with two or more visits that were taken during consecutive periods were accumulated. 1251 chest radiograph images were collected, from which 120 images (24 positive and 96 negative images) were randomly extracted for the reading test. The interpreters for the reading test were 20 non-expert physicians and 5 expert physicians (3 pulmonologists and 2 radiologists).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the comparison of area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) for identifying fibrosing ILD-positive images by non-experts without versus with BMAX. The secondary outcome was the comparison of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy by non-experts and experts without versus with BMAX.ResultsThe mean ROC-AUC of non-expert interpreters was 0.795 (95% CI; 0.765 to 0.825) without BMAX and 0.825 (95% CI; 0.799 to 0.850) with BMAX (p=0.005). After using BMAX, sensitivity was improved from 0.744 (95% CI; 0.697 to 0.791) to 0.802 (95% CI; 0.754 to 0.850) among non-experts (p=0.003), but not among experts (p=0.285). Specificity and accuracy were not changed after using BMAX among either non-expert or expert interpreters.ConclusionBMAX was useful for detecting fibrosing ILD-suspected chest radiographs for non-expert physicians.Trial registration numberjRCT1032220090.
Impact of different corticosteroids on severe community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: See Xin Ya , Wang Tsu Hsien , Chang Yu-Cheng , Lo Juien , Liu Weitao , Choo Cheryn Yu Wei , Lee Yu-Che , Ma Kevin Sheng Kai , Chiang Cho-Hsien , Hsia Yuan Ping , Chiang Cho-Hung , Chiang Cho-Han 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated conflicting results regarding the effects of corticosteroids on the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of different corticosteroids on patients who were hospitalised for severe CAP.MethodsWe performed a systematic search through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to May 2023. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Data analysis was performed using a random-effects model.ResultsA total of 10 RCTs comprising 1962 patients were included. Corticosteroids were associated with a lower rate of all-cause mortality (risk ratio (RR), 0.70 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.90); I2=0.00%). When stratified into different corticosteroid types, hydrocortisone was associated with an approximately 50% lower mortality risk (RR, 0.48 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.72); I2=0.00%). However, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone or prednisolone were not associated with an improvement in mortality. Furthermore, hydrocortisone was associated with a reduction in the rate of mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock and duration of intensive care unit stay. These trends were not observed for dexamethasone, methylprednisolone or prednisolone. Corticosteroids were not associated with an increased risk of adverse events including gastrointestinal bleeding, secondary infection or hyperglycaemia.ConclusionsThe use of hydrocortisone, but not other types of corticosteroids, was associated with a reduction in mortality and improvement in pneumonia outcomes among patients hospitalised with severe CAP.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023431360.
Implementing hamstring injury prevention programmes remotely: a randomised proof of concept trial
Authors: Behan Fearghal P , van Dyk Nicol , Rane Lance , Thorne Emma , Banaghan Alexa , Gilsenan Kevin , Whyte Enda Francis 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to (1) compare the effectiveness of a Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) versus single-leg Romanian deadlift (SLRDL) exercise programme on a hamstring injury risk surrogate; (2) compare the muscle soreness experienced by both exercise programmes; and (3) assess compliance to remote injury prevention exercise protocols through video software.MethodsTwenty participants (10 women and 10 men: 21.45±1.6 years; 176±23 cm; 70±10 kg) were randomised into an NHE or SLRDL programme for 6 weeks. Single-leg hamstring bridge (SLHB), a hamstring injury surrogate, was the primary outcome for exercise efficacy. Muscle soreness and exercise adherence were also assessed. Significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsBoth exercises increased SLHB performance resulting in an overall effect (p=0.013) with no effect for group (p=0.470) and no interaction effect (p=0.709), indicating both groups improved but there was no difference in improvement between interventions. There was no difference in muscle soreness between groups (p=0.087). Finally, both groups had 100% adherence to the programme.ConclusionsBoth the NHE and SLRDL are equally effective in increasing SLHB performance and demonstrate a similar level of muscle soreness. This suggests that SLRDL may be a viable option as a preventative exercise to mitigate the risk of hamstring injury. Finally, implementing injury prevention programmes remotely has the potential to enhance adherence.
A similar injury profile observed in franchise men’s and women’s cricket in England and Wales: injury surveillance analysis from the first three ‘The Hundred’ competitions
Authors: Williams Amy , Peirce Nicholas , Griffin Steve , Langley Ben , Warren Anna , Wedatilake Thamindu , Goggins Luke , McKay Carly D , Stokes Keith A , Williams Sean 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesTo describe the injury profile of a novel format cricket competition (‘The Hundred’) and compare injury incidence and prevalence between the men’s and women’s competitions.MethodsMedical staff prospectively collected injury data from the eight men’s and women’s teams during the 2021–2023 competitions. Injury definitions and incidence calculations followed the international consensus statement.ResultsIn the men’s competition, 164 injuries were recorded, compared with 127 in the women’s competition. Tournament injury incidence was 36.6 (95% CI 31.4 to 42.7) and 32.5 (95% CI 27.3 to 38.7)/100 players/tournament in the men’s and women’s competition, respectively. Non-time-loss incidence (men’s 26.6 (95% CI 22.2 to 31.8), women’s 24.6 (95% CI 20.1 to 30.0)/100 players/tournament) was higher than time-loss incidence (men’s 10.0 (95% CI 7.5 to 13.5), women’s 7.9 (95% CI 5.6 to 11.3)/100 players/tournament). Injury prevalence was 2.9% and 3.6% in the men’s and women’s competitions, respectively. Match fielding was the most common activity at injury in both competitions. The thigh and hand were the most common body location time-loss injury in the men’s and women’s competitions, respectively.ConclusionA similar injury profile was observed between the men’s and women’s competition. Preventative strategies targeting thigh injuries in the men’s competition and hand injuries in the women’s competition would be beneficial. Compared with published injury rates, ‘The Hundred’ men’s presents a greater risk of injury than Twenty20 (T20), but similar to one-day cricket, with ‘The Hundred’ women’s presenting a similar injury risk to T20 and one-day cricket. Additional years of data are required to confirm these findings.
Intermediate catheter use is associated with complete occlusion and dense packing in coil embolization of unruptured cerebral aneurysms: a propensity score matched study
Authors: Fuga Michiyasu , Ishibashi Toshihiro , Aoki Ken , Tachi Rintaro , Irie Koreaki , Kato Naoki , Kan Issei , Hataoka Shunsuke , Nagayama Gota , Sano Tohru , Tanaka Toshihide , Murayama Yuichi 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAn intermediate catheter (IMC) can improve the maneuverability and stability of the microcatheter.ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of using an IMC in triaxial systems for coil embolization of unruptured cerebral aneurysms (UCAs).MethodsA total of 2430 consecutive saccular UCAs (2259 patients) that underwent initial coil embolization at three institutions between November 2003 and May 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into two groups: with IMC (IMC(+)) and without IMC (IMC(−)). To investigate whether IMC use increased the rate of complete occlusion and the packing density, a propensity score-matched analysis was used to control for clinical, anatomical, and procedural features.ResultsUltimately, 595 (24.5%) coil embolization used an IMC. Propensity score matching was successful for 424 paired IMC(+) and IMC(−) aneurysms. Compared with the IMC(−) group, the IMC(+) group had significantly higher rate of Raymond-Roy Occlusion Classification class 1 immediately after treatment (30.0% vs 20.8%, P=0.003) and at 6 months (28.8% vs 20.0%, P=0.004) and a higher volume embolization ratio (27.2% (SD 6.5%) vs 25.9% (SD 6.2%), P=0.003). Re-treatment rates were not significantly different between the two groups (0.7% vs 0.2%, P=0.624). No significant differences in the incidences of ischemic and hemorrhagic complications and IMC-related parent artery dissection were found between the two groups.ConclusionUse of IMCs in triaxial systems can provide effective and safe support in coil embolization of UCAs because complete occlusion and dense coil packing can be achieved without increased complications.
Aneurysm healing following treatment with biodegradable embolization materials: assessment in a rat sidewall aneurysm model
Authors: Nevzati Edin , Rey Jeannine , Spiessberger Alexander , Moser Manuel , Roethlisberger Michel , Grüter Basil Erwin , Widmer Hans Rudolf , Coluccia Daniel , Marbacher Serge 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundBiodegradable materials that dissolve after aneurysm healing are promising techniques in the field of neurointerventional surgery. We investigated the effects of various bioabsorable materials in combination with degradable magnesium alloy stents and evaluated aneurysm healing in a rat aneurysm model.MethodsSaccular aneurysms were created by end-to-side anastomosis in the abdominal aorta of Wistar rats. Untreated arterial grafts were immediately transplanted (vital aneurysms) whereas aneurysms with loss of mural cells were chemically decellularized before implantation. All aneurysms were treated with biodegradable magnesium stents. The animals were assigned to vital aneurysms treated with stent alone or decellularized aneurysms treated with stent alone, detachable coil, or long-term or short-term biodegradable thread. Aneurysm healing, rated microscopically and macroscopically at follow-up days 7 and 21, was defined by both neointima formation and absence of aneurysm volume increase over time.ResultsOf 56 animals included, significant increases in aneurysm volume 7 days after surgery were observed in aneurysms with vital and decellularized walls treated with a stent only (P=0.043 each group). Twenty-one days after surgery an increase in aneurysm volume was observed in decellularized aneurysms treated with long- and short-term biodegradable threads (P=0.027 and P=0.028, respectively). Histological changes associated with an increase in aneurysm volume were seen for aneurysm wall inflammation, periadventitial fibrosis, and luminal thrombus.ConclusionsAn increase in aneurysm volume was associated with an absence of intrasaccular embolization material (early phase) and the breakdown of intrasaccular biodegradable material over time (late phase). Thrombus remnant and aneurysm wall inflammation promote aneurysm volume increase.
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfraction HDL2 is associated with improved endothelial function in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lee Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin , Yau Chun En , Chua Cheryl Kai Ting , Cheng Wan Ling , Chia Avery Joy Li , Wong Shi Yin , Kow Nien Yee , Gong Lingli , Lee Bernett Teck Kwong , Ling Lieng Hsi , Mak Anselm , Loh Tze Ping , Tay Sen Hee 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivePatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have increased risk of premature atherosclerosis but the exact mechanisms remains unclear. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) is an established non-invasive assessment of vascular endothelial function. Lipoprotein subfractions may be better predictors of FMD than conventional cholesterol measurements. We tested the hypothesis that lipoprotein subfractions are independently associated with FMD.MethodsForty-one consecutive adult patients with SLE without known cardiovascular risk factors or disease were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Endothelial function and early atherosclerosis were assessed by brachial FMD and common carotid artery (CCA) intima-media thickness (IMT). High-density lipoprotein (HDL)/low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions were measured. Machine learning models were also constructed to predict FMD and CCA IMT.ResultsMedian FMD was 4.48% (IQR 5.00%) while median IMT was 0.54 mm (IQR 0.12 mm). Univariate analysis showed lower LDL1 (r=−0.313, p<0.05) and higher HDL2 subfractions (r=0.313, p<0.05) were significantly associated with higher log-transformed FMD. In a multiple linear regression model, HDL2 (β=0.024, SE=0.012, p<0.05) remained an independent predictor of higher FMD after adjusting for age, body mass index, LDL1 and systolic blood pressure. The machine learning model included parameters such as HDL2 (positive association), prednisolone dose, LDL cholesterol and LDL1 for prediction of FMD (r=0.433, p<0.01). Age, LDL cholesterol and systolic blood pressure were independently associated with higher CCA IMT after adjusting for body mass index and HDL2.ConclusionsHDL 2, a large HDL particle, was independently associated with greater FMD and may be a biomarker of vascular health in SLE.
Conventional cytogenetics and microsatellite chromosomal distribution in social wasp Mischocyttarus cassununga (Ihering, 1903) (Vespidae, Polistinae, Mischocyttarini)
Authors: Novaes Camila Moura , Teixeira Gisele Amaro , Juris Eydyeliana Month , Lopes Denilce Meneses 
Published: January 2024

Cytogenetics has allowed the investigation of chromosomal diversity and repetitive genomic content in wasps. In this study, we characterized the karyotype of the social wasp Mischocyttarus cassununga using conventional cytogenetics and chromosomal mapping of repetitive sequences. This study was undertaken to extend our understanding of the genomic organization of repetitive DNA in social wasps and is the first molecular cytogenetic insight into the genus Mischocyttarus. The karyotype of M. cassununga had a chromosome number of 2 n = 64 for females and n = 32 for males. Constitutive heterochromatin exhibited three distribution patterns: centromeric and pericentromeric regions along the smaller arms and extending almost the entire chromosome. The major ribosomal DNA sites were located on chromosome pair in females and one chromosome in males. Positive signals for the microsatellite probes (GA) n and (GAG) n were observed in the euchromatic regions of all chromosomes. The microsatellites, (CGG) n, (TAT) n, (TTAGG) n, and (TCAGG) n were not observed in any region of the chromosomes. Our results contrast with those previously obtained for Polybia fastidiosuscula, which showed that the microsatellites (GAG) n, (CGG) n, (TAT) n, (TTAGG) n, and (TCAGG) n are located predominantly in constitutive heterochromatin. This suggests variations in the diversity and chromosomal organization of repetitive sequences in the genomes of social wasps.