bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of polysaccharide- and protein-based edible films and application as packaging materials for fresh fish fillets
Authors: Athanasopoulou Evmorfia , Bigi Francesco , Maurizzi Enrico , Karellou Eva Iris Eleftheria , Pappas Christos S. , Quartieri Andrea , Tsironi Theofania 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe rising packaging industry together with global demand for sustainable production has increased the interest in developing biodegradable packaging materials. The aim of the study was to develop edible films based on pectin, gelatin, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and evaluate their applicability as biodegradable packaging materials for gilthead seabream fillets. Mechanical properties, water barriers, wettability of the films through contact angle measurement, optical, and UV–Vis barrier properties were evaluated for food packaging applications. The effective blend of polysaccharide and protein film-forming solutions was confirmed by the produced films with excellent optical properties, acceptable mechanical properties and adequate barriers to water vapor. The contact angle for pectin based and gelatin based films were higher than 90° indicating the hydrophobic films, while HPMC based films had contact angle lower than 90°. The produced films were tested as alternative and environmentally friendly packaging materials for gilthead seabream fillets during refrigerated storage. All tested packaging conditions resulted in similar shelf-life in packed gilthead seabream fillets (i.e. 7–8 days at 2 °C). The results showed that the developed films may reduce the use of conventional petroleum-based food packaging materials without affecting the shelf-life of fish.
Sustainable production and preparative purification of thermostable alkaline α-amylase by Bacillus simplex (ON754233) employing natural deep eutectic solvent-based extractive fermentation
Authors: Muniasamy Ramya , Rathnasaamy Senthilkumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsing PEG-based deep eutectic solvents (PDES), the current study proposes extractive fermentation as a sustainable process integration for the production and purification of α-amylase fromBacillus simplex(ON754233). Glucose: PEG 400 outperformed five PDES in terms of tie lie length (58) and slope value (1.23) against sodium sulphatt. Apple cider pomace was used as a low-cost, sustainable carbon source to produce-amylase, with a maximum enzyme production of 2200.13 U/mL. PDES concentration (20% w/v), salt (12.75 w/v), and apple waste (2.75 g/mL) were all optimized using response surface methodology. When scaled upto 3 L benchtop bioreactor, extractive fermentation was proved to be better technology with maximum recovery of 92.4% with highest partition coefficient (3.59). The partially purified enzyme was further purified using a Sephadex G 100 followed by DEAE-Sephadex anion exchange chromatography with a purity fold of 33. The enzyme was found to be thermostable at the temperature (60 °C), remains alkaline (pH 8), and the activity was stimulated in the presence of Mg2+ions. With SDS PAGE electrophoresis, the molecular weight was found to be around 140 kDa. Finally, the enzyme kinetics parameters were evaluated with observed Km(0.00396 mM) and Vmax(37.87 U/mL). Thus scaling up extractive fermentation entails increasing production capacity with improved extraction efficiency using green solvents.
The contributions of deleterious rare alleles in NLRP12 and inflammasome-related genes to polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: Higuchi Takashi , Oka Shomi , Furukawa Hiroshi , Tohma Shigeto 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPolymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by arthralgia and myalgia of the shoulder and hip girdles, and fever. PMR is linked to autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory disorders. Exome sequencing has revealed the roles of rare variants in some diseases. Causative genes for monogenic autoinflammatory disorders might be candidate genes for the selective exome analysis of PMR. We investigated rare variants in the coding and boundary regions of candidate genes for PMR. Exome sequencing was performed to analyze deleterious rare variants in candidate genes, and the frequencies of the deleterious rare alleles in PMR were compared with those of Japanese population controls. Deleterious rare alleles in the NLRL12 gene were associated with PMR (P = 0.0069, Pc = 0.0415, odds ratio [OR] 4.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.79–11.27). A multigene analysis demonstrated the deleterious rare allele frequency of the candidate genes for autoinflammatory disorders was also increased in PMR (P = 0.0016, OR 3.69, 95%CI 1.81–7.54). The deleterious rare allele frequencies of the candidate genes including NLRP12 were increased in PMR patients, showing links to autoinflammatory disorders in the pathogenesis of PMR.
Osteopathie und evidenzbasierte Medizin, Teil 1: die
EBM
Authors: Luthin Dirk 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Osteopathie und osteopathische Methoden werden regelmäßig
dafür kritisiert, nicht wissenschaftlich genug zu sein und nach den
Kriterien der evidence-based medicine (evidenzbasierten Medizin,
EBM) zu wenig „evidence“ vorweisen zu können [1]. Die EBM versteht
sich derzeit als Hauptvertreter der wissenschaftlichen und klinischen
Medizin. Sind EBM und Osteopathie heutzutage unvereinbar und
schließen sich damit gegenseitig aus oder können sie beide zusammen
existieren bzw. gehören sie sogar zwingend zusammen?
Formatting patient knowledge and channelling participation: how patient organisations work under authoritarianism
Authors: Nikulkin Vlas , Zvonareva Olga 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPatient experiential knowledge is important for the quality and responsiveness of healthcare systems. However, it is not rare for patients to struggle to have their knowledge recognised as credible and valuable. This study explores how patient organisations work to adjust patient knowledge to formats recognisable and acceptable by healthcare governance decision-makers. Using the case of patient organisations in Russia, we show that such formatting involves changes in language, practices, and materiality that contribute to channelling patient participation into specific routes and forms while marginalising others. Channelling of patient participation, then, rather than being a result of direct coercion, emerges as a distributed process continuously co-produced by a multitude of actors, such as state administration, patient organisations themselves, patient surveys, consultative spaces, and normative acts.
Weyl semimetal assisted nonreciprocal modification of Flat-top optical pulses via defective photonic band-gap structures
Authors: Kadhim Ibtihaj Ahmed , Entezar Samad Roshan , Madani Amir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the non-reciprocal modification of flat-top optical pulses via a one-dimensional photonic band-gap structure with Weyl semimetal-based defect layers due to their wide range of applications, such as high-speed communication, nonlinear optical switching, and ultrafast pump–probe experiments. We apply the transfer matrix method to obtain the transmission spectrum of the structure. Also, the Fourier transform technique is used to investigate the effect of the propagation direction of the incoming pulse on the time profile of the outgoing pulse. Then we examine the effect of the carrier frequency and duration of the incoming pulse on the length, energy, and magnetic field distribution of the outgoing pulse. It is shown that the time profile of an incoming flat-top pulse may modify to a nearly flat-top, single-peak, or oscillatory multi-peak time profile depending on the carrier frequency, length, and propagation direction of the incoming pulse.
Quantum backflow for a free-particle hermite wavepacket
Authors: Strange P 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Quantum backflow is the unexpected effect that wavepackets consisting of only positive momentum components can apparently move in the negative direction. This is usually described in terms of the backflow constant, which is a dimensionless quantity describing least upper bound on the amount of probability that can flow backwards during a given time interval. Backflow is usually calculated for wavepackets that can be written as a sum of positive momentum plane waves. Here we present a calculation of the backflow constant using the localised free particle hermite wavefunctions where equal weights of positive and negative momentum eigenfunctions occur. The resulting backflow constant is substantially smaller than the accepted value. The reasons for this are discussed and finally we draw conclusions about the calculation of backflow more generally.
Effects of size mismatch of halide ions on the phase stability of mixed halide perovskites
Authors: Yang Fuqian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The phase stability of mixed halide perovskites plays a vital role in the performance and reliability of perovskite-based devices and systems. In this work, we incorporate the contribution of the strain energy due to the size mismatch of halideions in Gibbs free energy for the analysis of the phase stability of mixed halide perovskites. Analytical expressions of the chemical potentials of halide ions in mixed halide perovskites are derived and used to determine the critical atomic fractions of halide ions for the presence of spinodal decomposition (phase instability). The numerical analysis of CH3NH3PbI
x
Br3-x
mixed halide perovskite reveals the important role of the mismatch strain from halide ions in controlling the phase instability of mixed halide perovskite, i.e., increasing the mismatch strain widens the range of x for the phase separation of mixed halide perovskites. To mitigate the phase instability associated with the strain energy from intrinsic size mismatch and/or light-induced expansion, strain and/or field engineering, such as high pressure, can be likely applied to introduce strain and/or field gradient to counterbalance the strain gradient by the mismatch strain and/or light-induced expansion.
Negative poisson’s ratio behavior of Al4Li9 alloy
Authors: Wu Qinsong , Din Muhammad Aizaz Ud , Guo Wendi , Ma Yuan , Zhao Lan , Pan Nengcong , Cheng Nanpu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The negative Poisson’s ratio behavior in three-dimensional crystalline materials is a novel phenomenon. Deepening the research into the theoretical mechanisms that govern the negative Poisson’s ratio behavior offers valuable insights for the design and application of advanced auxetic materials. In this study, we construct the atomic model of Al4Li9 alloy based on experimental results and investigate the direction-dependent mechanical properties using the molecular statics simulations and density functional theory calculations. Our theoretical investigation reveals that a unique charge response within the analogous honeycomb structural unit in the Al4Li9 alloy results in a distinct exhibit of the significant negative Poisson’s ratio property during deformation.
Multichannel SiPM test readout system for gamma ray measurements
Authors: Asova Veronika , Bistrev Galin , Kushleva Antoniya , Lalkovski Stefan , Vasilev Iriney 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Position determination and energy measurement are fundamental properties in gamma spectroscopy and gamma ray astronomy. A multichannel readout system was constructed to test and validate the performance of 5 cm× 5 cm segmented SiPM-based photodetector coupled to a monolith inorganic scintillator crystal. The system was exposed to gamma rays from 137Cs radioactive source collecting events at different SiPM bias voltages. The design and construction of the test setup, the data acquisition system and the obtained results are presented and discussed.
Reliability evaluation of the CAEN DT5202 for high-rate data acquisition
Authors: Buchakchiev Valentin , Buhl Alexander , Kozhuharov Venelin , Bearden Ian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Multichannel readout systems play an important role in contemporary physics experiments. Apart from custom-designed highly specialized electronics, several commercial solutions exist on the market. The CAEN DT5202 readout module, comprised of two Citiroc 1A ASICs for a total of 64 channels, was chosen as a typical example. Its performance was studied in specific use cases in a laboratory test environment. The preliminary results of the tests and the evaluation of the hardware module for its applicability in particle detector readout systems are presented. In addition, the control software shipped together with the module has also been studied and its current limitations are discussed.
Profile Characterization of the PADME Experiment’s Positron Beam Using a TimePix3 Sensor Array
Authors: Ivanov S. , Ivanov Sv. ,   the PADME collaboration
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A control and data acquisition software operating a TimePix3 sensor array from Advacam is described. A method for characterizing the positron beam used in the PADME Experiment is proposed and preliminary results obtained from data taking during the Fall 2022 are presented.
Experimental study and geometrical method to design bio-inspired robotic kinematic chains of inching-locomotion caterpillars
Authors: Cornejo José , Sierra-Garcia J Enrique , Gomez-Gil Francisco Javier , Grados Juan , Palomares Ricardo , Weitzenfeld Alfredo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Inching-locomotion caterpillars (ILAR) show impressive environmental adaptation, having high dexterity and flexibility. To design robots that mimic these abilities, a novel bioinspired robotic design (BIROD) method is presented. The method is composed by an algorithm for geometrical kinematic analysis (GEKINS) to standardize the proportional dimensions according to the insect’s anatomy and obtain the kinematic chains. The approach is experimentally applied to analyze the locomotion and kinematic chain of these specimens: Geometridae—two pair of prolegs (represents 35 000 species) and Plusiinae—three pair of prolegs (represents 400 species). The obtained data indicate that the application of the proposed method permits to locate the attachment mechanisms, joints, links, and to calculate angular displacement, angular average velocity, number of degrees of freedom, and thus the kinematic chain. Geometridae in contrast to Plusiinae, shows a longer walk-stride length, a lower number of single-rotational joints in 2D (3 DOF versus 4 DOF), and a lower number of dual-rotational joints in 3D (6 DOF versus 8 DOF). The application of BIROD and GEKINS provides the forward kinematics for 35 400 ILAR species and are expected to be useful as a preliminary phase for the design of bio-inspired arthropod robots.
Advancing single-cell RNA-seq data analysis through the fusion of multi-layer perceptron and graph neural network
Authors: Feng Xiang , Xiu Yu-Han , Long Hai-Xia , Wang Zi-Tong , Bilal Anas , Yang Li-Ming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The advancement of single-cell sequencing technology has smoothed the ability to do biological studies at the cellular level. Nevertheless, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data presents several obstacles due to the considerable heterogeneity, sparsity and complexity. Although many machine-learning models have been devised to tackle these difficulties, there is still a need to enhance their efficiency and accuracy. Current deep learning methods often fail to fully exploit the intrinsic interconnections within cells, resulting in unsatisfactory results. Given these obstacles, we propose a unique approach for analyzing scRNA-seq data called scMPN. This methodology integrates multi-layer perceptron and graph neural network, including attention network, to execute gene imputation and cell clustering tasks. In order to evaluate the gene imputation performance of scMPN, several metrics like cosine similarity, median L1 distance and root mean square error are used. These metrics are utilized to compare the efficacy of scMPN with other existing approaches. This research utilizes criteria such as adjusted mutual information, normalized mutual information and integrity score to assess the efficacy of cell clustering across different approaches. The superiority of scMPN over current single-cell data processing techniques in cell clustering and gene imputation investigations is shown by the experimental findings obtained from four datasets with gold-standard cell labels. This observation demonstrates the efficacy of our suggested methodology in using deep learning methodologies to enhance the interpretation of scRNA-seq data.
High-grade prostate cancer demonstrates preferential growth in the cranio-caudal axis and provides discrimination of disease grade in an MRI parametric model
Authors: Mukherjee Subhabrata , Papadopoulos Dimitrios , Chari Natasha , Ellis David , Charitopoulos Konstantinos , Donkov Ivo , Bishara Samuel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To determine if multiparametric MRI prostate cancer (PC) lesion dimensions in different axes could distinguish between PC, grade group (GG) &gt;2, and GG &gt;3 on targeted transperineal biopsy and create and validate a predictive model on a separate cohort.

Methods
The maximum transverse, anterio-posterior, and cranio-caudal lesion dimensions were assessed against the presence of any cancer, GG &gt;2, and GG &gt;3 on biopsy by binary logistic regression. The optimum multivariate models were evaluated on a separate cohort.

Results
One hundred and ninety-three lesions from 148 patients were evaluated. Increased lesion volume, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score, and decreased Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) were associated with increased GG (P &lt; .001). The ratio of cranio-caudal to anterior-posterior lesion dimension increased from 1.20 (95% CI, 1.14-1.25) for GG ≤ 3 to 1.43 (95% CI, 1.28-1.57) for GG &gt; 3 (P = .0022). The cranio-caudal dimension of the lesion was the strongest predictor of GG &gt;3 (P = .000, area under the receiver operator characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.81). The best multivariate models had an AUC of 0.84 for cancer, 0.88 for GG &gt; 2, and 0.89 for GG &gt; 3. These models were evaluated on a separate cohort of 40 patients with 61 lesions. They demonstrated an AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.82, 82.3%, and 55.5%, respectively, for the detection of cancer. For GG &gt; 2, the models achieved an AUC of 0.84, sensitivity of 91.7%, and specificity of 69.4%. Additionally, for GG &gt; 3, the models showed an AUC of 0.92, sensitivity of 88.9%, and specificity of 98.1%.

Conclusions
Cranio-caudal lesion dimension when used in conjunction with other parameters can create a model superior to the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data Systems score in predicting cancer.

Advances in knowledge
Higher-grade PC has a propensity to grow in the cranio-caudal direction, and this could be factored into MRI-based predictive models of prostate biopsy grade.
Towards the Clinical Implementation of Extracellular Vesicle-Based Biomarker Assays for Cancer
Authors: Van Dorpe Sofie , Tummers Philippe , Denys Hannelore , Hendrix An 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Substantial research has been devoted to elucidating the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the different hallmarks of cancer. Consequently, EVs are increasingly explored as a source of cancer biomarkers in body fluids. However, the heterogeneity in EVs, the complexity of body fluids, and the diversity in methods available for EV analysis, challenge the development and translation of EV-based biomarker assays.

Content
Essential steps in EV-associated biomarker development are emphasized covering biobanking, biomarker discovery, verification and validation, and clinical implementation. A meticulous study design is essential and ideally results from close interactions between clinicians and EV researchers. A plethora of different EV preparation protocols exists which warrants quality control and transparency to ensure reproducibility and thus enable verification of EV-associated biomarker candidates identified in the discovery phase in subsequent independent cohorts. The development of an EV-associated biomarker assay requires thorough analytical and clinical validation. Finally, regulatory affairs must be considered for clinical implementation of EV-based biomarker assays.

Summary
In this review, the current challenges that prevent us from exploiting the full potential of EV-based biomarker assays are identified. Guidelines and tools to overcome these hurdles are highlighted and are crucial to advance EV-based biomarker assays into clinical use.
Spatial and Temporal Relationship between Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Stem Cells in Cancer
Authors: den Hollander Petra , Maddela Joanna Joyce , Mani Sendurai A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is often linked with carcinogenesis. However, EMT is also important for embryo development and only reactivates in cancer. Connecting how EMT occurs during embryonic development and in cancer could help us further understand the root mechanisms of cancer diseases.

Content
There are key regulatory elements that contribute to EMT and the induction and maintenance of stem cell properties during embryogenesis, tissue regeneration, and carcinogenesis. Here, we explore the implications of EMT in the different stages of embryogenesis and tissue development. We especially highlight the necessity of EMT in the mesodermal formation and in neural crest cells. Through EMT, these cells gain epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). With this transition, crucial morphological changes occur to progress through the metastatic cascade as well as tissue regeneration after an injury. Stem-like cells, including cancer stem cells, are generated from EMT and during this process upregulate factors necessary for stem cell maintenance. Hence, it is important to understand the key regulators allowing stem cell awakening in cancer, which increases plasticity and promotes treatment resistance, to develop strategies targeting this cell population and improve patient outcomes.

Summary
EMT involves multifaceted regulation to allow the fluidity needed to facilitate adaptation. This regulatory mechanism, plasticity, involves many cooperating transcription factors. Additionally, posttranslational modifications, such as splicing, activate the correct isoforms for either epithelial or mesenchymal specificity. Moreover, epigenetic regulation also occurs, such as acetylation and methylation. Downstream signaling ultimately results in the EMT which promotes tissue generation/regeneration and cancer progression.