bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclicity in the Drury-Arveson space and other weighted Besov spaces
Authors: Aleman Alexandru , Perfekt Karl-Mikael , Richter Stefan , Sundberg Carl , Sunkes James 
Published: October 2023

Let

H

\mathcal {H}

be a space of analytic functions on the unit ball

B

d

{\mathbb {B}_d}

in

C

d

\mathbb {C}^d

with multiplier algebra

M
u
l
t

(

H

)

\mathrm {Mult}(\mathcal {H})

. A function

f
∈

H

f\in \mathcal {H}

is called cyclic if the set

[
f
]

[f]

, the closure of

{
φ
f
:
φ
∈

M
u
l
t

(

H

)
}

\{\varphi f: \varphi \in \mathrm {Mult}(\mathcal {H})\}

, equals

H

\mathcal {H}

. For multipliers we also consider a weakened form of the cyclicity concept. Namely for

n
∈

N

0

n\in \mathbb {N}_0

we consider the classes

C

n

(

H

)
=
{
φ
∈

M
u
l
t

(

H

)
:
φ
≠
0
,
[

φ
n

]
=
[

φ

n
+
1

]
}
.

\begin{equation*} \mathcal {C}_n(\mathcal {H})=\{\varphi \in \mathrm {Mult}(\mathcal {H}):\varphi \ne 0, [\varphi ^n]=[\varphi ^{n+1}]\}. \end{equation*}

Many of our results hold for

N
N

:th order radially weighted Besov spaces on

B

d

{\mathbb {B}_d}

,

H

=

B
ω
N

\mathcal {H}= B^N_\omega

, but we describe our results only for the Drury-Arveson space

H
d
2

H^2_d

here.

Letting

C

s
t
a
b
l
e

[
z
]

\mathbb {C}_{stable}[z]

denote the stable polynomials for

B

d

{\mathbb {B}_d}

, i.e. the

d
d

-variable complex polynomials without zeros in

B

d

{\mathbb {B}_d}

, we show that

a
m
p
;
if
d
is odd, then

C

s
t
a
b
l
e

[
z
]
⊆

C

d
−
1

2

(

H
d
2

)
,
and

a
m
p
;
if
d
is even, then

C

s
t
a
b
l
e

[
z
]
⊆

C

d
2

−
1

(

H
d
2

)
.

\begin{align*} &\text { if } d \text { is odd, then } \mathbb {C}_{stable}[z]\subseteq \mathcal {C}_{\frac {d-1}{2}}(H^2_d), \text { and }\\ &\text { if } d \text { is even, then } \mathbb {C}_{stable}[z]\subseteq \mathcal {C}_{\frac {d}{2}-1}(H^2_d). \end{align*}

For

d
=
2

d=2

and

d
=
4

d=4

these inclusions are the best possible, but in general we can only show that if

0
≤
n
≤

d
4

−
1

0\le n\le \frac {d}{4}-1

, then

C

s
t
a
b
l
e

[
z
]
⊈

C

n

(

H
d
2

)

\mathbb {C}_{stable}[z]\nsubseteq \mathcal {C}_n(H^2_d)

.

For functions other than polynomials we show that if

f
,
g
∈

H
d
2

f,g\in H^2_d

such that

f

/

g
∈

H
∞

f/g\in H^\infty

and

f
f

is cyclic, then

g
g

is cyclic. We use this to prove that if

f
,
g

f,g

extend to be analytic in a neighborhood of

B

d

¯

\overline {{\mathbb {B}_d}}

, have no zeros in

B

d

{\mathbb {B}_d}

, and the same zero sets on the boundary, then

f
f

is cyclic in

∈

H
d
2

\in H^2_d

if and only if

g
g

is. Furthermore, if the boundary zero set of

f
∈

H
d
2

∩
C
(

B

d

¯

)

f\in H^2_d\cap C(\overline {{\mathbb {B}_d}})

embeds a cube of real dimension

≥
3

\ge 3

, then

f
f

is not cyclic in the Drury-Arveson space.
DMFDDI: deep multimodal fusion for drug–drug interaction prediction
Authors: Gan Yanglan , Liu Wenxiao , Xu Guangwei , Yan Cairong , Zou Guobing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Drug combination therapy has gradually become a promising treatment strategy for complex or co-existing diseases. As drug–drug interactions (DDIs) may cause unexpected adverse drug reactions, DDI prediction is an important task in pharmacology and clinical applications. Recently, researchers have proposed several deep learning methods to predict DDIs. However, these methods mainly exploit the chemical or biological features of drugs, which is insufficient and limits the performances of DDI prediction. Here, we propose a new deep multimodal feature fusion framework for DDI prediction, DMFDDI, which fuses drug molecular graph, DDI network and the biochemical similarity features of drugs to predict DDIs. To fully extract drug molecular structure, we introduce an attention-gated graph neural network for capturing the global features of the molecular graph and the local features of each atom. A sparse graph convolution network is introduced to learn the topological structure information of the DDI network. In the multimodal feature fusion module, an attention mechanism is used to efficiently fuse different features. To validate the performance of DMFDDI, we compare it with 10 state-of-the-art methods. The comparison results demonstrate that DMFDDI achieves better performance in DDI prediction. Our method DMFDDI is implemented in Python using the Pytorch machine-learning library, and it is freely available at https://github.com/DHUDEBLab/DMFDDI.git.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy in the USA: An application of hybrid life expectancy
Authors: Sanderson Warren C , Scherbov Sergei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPandemics are, by definition, temporary intervals of substantially increased mortality rates experienced across a wide geographic area. One way of assessing the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA has been to compute the differences in life expectancy at birth during a pandemic year and the year before the pandemic. Such comparisons are misleading because they do not account for the duration of the pandemic. The computation of life expectancy in 2019 assumes that people spend their entire lives experiencing prepandemic mortality rates. The computation of life expectancy in 2021 assumes that people live their entire lives in a permanent pandemic. However, people do not live their entire lives experiencing the elevated mortality rates of 2021. This article introduces a method for calculating life expectancy that reflects the experience of people enduring pandemic-level mortality rates for fixed durations. We call the new quantity hybrid life expectancy because it integrates both pandemic and prepandemic mortality rates. The difference in life expectancy at birth in the USA in 2019 with and without a 3-year-long pandemic is 0.01 years. This is because mortality rates at ages 0, 1, and 2 in the pandemic were essentially unchanged from their prepandemic levels. Life expectancy at age 65 incorporating a 3-year pandemic is 0.18 years lower than life expectancy would have been without it. Reductions in life expectancy due to the COVID-19 pandemic using hybrid life expectancy are dramatically lower than differences in life expectancy that do not take the duration of the pandemic into account.
Low-voltage ride-through capability improvement of Type-3 wind turbine through active disturbance rejection feedback control-based dynamic voltage restorer
Authors: Boulaoutaq El Mahfoud , Aziz Asma , El Magri Abdelmounime , Abbou Ahmed , Ajaamoum Mohamed , Rachdy Azeddine 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disconnections due to voltage drops in the grid cannot be permitted if wind turbines (WTs) contribute significantly to electricity production, as this increases the risk of production loss and destabilizes the grid. To mitigate the negative effects of these occurrences, WTs must be able to ride through the low-voltage conditions and inject reactive current to provide dynamic voltage support. This paper investigates the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability enhancement of a Type-3 WT utilizing a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). During the grid voltage drop, the DVR quickly injects a compensating voltage to keep the stator voltage constant. This paper proposes an active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) scheme to control the rotor-side, grid-side and DVR-side converters in a wind–DVR integrated network. The performance of the Type-3 WT with DVR topology is evaluated under various test conditions using MATLAB®/Simulink®. These simulation results are also compared with the experimental results for the LVRT capability performed on a WT emulator equipped with a crowbar and direct current (DC) chopper. The simulation results demonstrate a favourable transient and steady-state response of the Type-3 wind turbine quantities defined by the LVRT codes, as well as improved reactive power support under balanced fault conditions. Under the most severe voltage drop of 95%, the stator currents, rotor currents and DC bus voltage are 1.25 pu, 1.40 pu and 1.09 UDC, respectively, conforming to the values of the LVRT codes. DVR controlled by the ADRC technique significantly increases the LVRT capabilities of a Type-3 doubly-fed induction generator-based WT under symmetrical voltage dip events. Although setting up ADRC controllers might be challenging, the proposed method has been shown to be extremely effective in reducing all kinds of internal and external disturbances.
Genetic testing in the management of inherited cardiac disorders: two cases of Filamin-C arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Abela Mark , Grech Neil , Debattista Jessica , Felice Tiziana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) is a left ventricle–dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) subtype often associated with malignant ventricular arrhythmias, left ventricular (LV) scar and sudden cardiac death. Awareness about LV involvement is now on the rise. The diagnosis relies on structural abnormalities on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and known ACM-causing genetic mutations.

Case summary
A 28-year-old lady (Case 1) was referred for cardiac screening after her father passed away suddenly. Her paternal uncle (Case 2) had been diagnosed with supposed dilated cardiomyopathy prior to referral. Both cases were worked up extensively with an electrocardiogram (ECG), 24-h ambulatory ECG monitor, exercise testing, and CMR imaging. Investigations of Case 1 showed T-wave inversion in the infero-lateral leads and a ventricular ectopic burden of 3% on ambulatory monitoring. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed moderately reduced LV systolic function (ejection fraction of 40%) with circumferential macroscopic fibrosis. Her uncle (Case 2) also had an impaired and dilated ventricle with extensive scar on CMR. Following the recent introduction of a cardiogenetic service in our unit, both were heterozygous for a pathogenic Filamin-C variant (c.7384+1G&gt;A). Based on CMR findings and genetic results, the diagnosis of both patients was deemed to be ALVC. After years of surveillance, Patient 1 now has an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) indication.

Discussion
The importance of diagnosing patients with ACM lies in the predisposition to sudden cardiac death. Gene-specific treatment algorithms in ACM may alter management strategies, including ICD implantation as primary prevention. An in-depth multidisciplinary discussion and respecting patient autonomy are key factors in any decision pertaining to ICD implantation.
A case of a systemic cancer-associated thrombosis successfully treated with multi-disciplinary treatment including anticoagulation therapy and anticancer drug therapy
Authors: Yoneda Fumiya , Yamashita Yugo , Watanabe Shin , Ono Koh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is one of the major complications during the treatment course of cancer, which often challenges clinicians in daily clinical practice despite anticoagulation therapy.

Case summary
A 57-year-old man with a history of a liver transplantation was diagnosed with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders. He developed severe systemic thromboses including a massive pulmonary embolism and was treated with anticoagulation therapy including a factor Xa inhibitor. However, the systemic thromboses worsened despite the anticoagulation therapy. During the acute treatment course of the thromboses, we administered anticancer drug therapy in hopes of an improvement in the activity of the cancer status leading to a favourable effect on the thrombosis status. Multi-disciplinary treatment including anticoagulation therapy and anticancer drug therapy successfully improved the systemic thrombosis.

Discussion
Anticoagulation therapy is a standard treatment for CAT; however, some cases of CAT do not successfully improve despite anticoagulation therapy, partly due to a highly active cancer status. Anticancer drug therapy might increase the risk of a thrombosis, whereas it could improve the activity of the cancer status leading to a decreased risk of a thrombosis. A multi-disciplinary therapy might be a reasonable option especially for CAT with a highly active cancer status.
Surgical removal of multiple left ventricular thrombi with video-assisted cardioscopy: a case report
Authors: Mitsuishi Atsuyuki , Miura Yujiro , Furukawa Atsuko , Yoshida Keisuke , Fukunaga Yukiko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Left ventricular (LV) thrombus is a lethal complication of coronary artery disease that can lead to embolization and sudden death. There is no clear consensus on the optimal treatment for LV thrombi. There is a paucity of case series about surgical excision of LV thrombus in patients with coronary vessel disease. For that, there is insufficient evidence to support surgical excision of LV thrombus and recommend the optimal timing of this procedure.

Case summary
We report a case of a 52-year-old man with a history of percutaneous catheter intervention for mid-right coronary artery lesion 3 years ago. He presented with two-vessel coronary artery disease with three LV thrombi. The thrombi were mobile and protuberant. We performed coronary artery bypass grafting in both vessels and LV thrombectomy with video-assisted cardioscopy.

Discussion
Mobile or protuberant thrombus is the most important risk factor for embolization of LV thrombus. On the other hand, LV thrombus size rarely appears in studies as a risk factor for embolization, and when it does, it is a lesser risk factor. There are no case reports describing simultaneous formation of three LV thrombi after myocardial infarction, and it is not known if the risk of embolism is high in such cases. Our patient had very fragile thrombi, and thrombectomy was performed along with coronary artery bypass grafting due to the high risk of embolism.
Large-bore suction thrombectomy for sub-massive pulmonary embolism during second trimester of pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Kojodjojo Pipin , Ng Chin Hin , Ong Kymin Cayla , Zuzarte-Ng Regina , Chan Wan Xian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Pregnancy-associated pulmonary embolism (PAPE) remains a significant cause of maternal mortality. Anticoagulation remains the mainstay of therapy for most pulmonary embolism (PE)-related pregnancies. However, in patients with haemodynamic compromise or those refractory to anticoagulation, management is challenging. Systemic thrombolysis is associated with a substantial risk of maternal bleeding and fetal loss. In non-pregnant PE patients, large bore catheter-directed suction thrombectomy is a proven and important technique to manage intermediate or high-risk PE, allowing for normalization of pulmonary pressures, avoidance of haemodynamic deterioration, without the need for thrombolytics, major surgery, significant blood loss, or prolonged hospitalization.

Case summary
A primigravid patient in her second trimester of pregnancy, initially diagnosed with a deep vein thrombosis refractory to heparin, presents with near-syncope due to sub-massive pulmonary embolism. The various management options including thrombolysis and surgical embolectomy etc. were discussed in detail by a multi-disciplinary PE team. She underwent large bore suction thrombectomy with complete thrombi removal, normalization of right heart strain, without the need for thrombolytics or surgery, minimal blood loss and was discharged after a short length of stay. She gave birth at term to a healthy infant.

Conclusion
Suction thrombectomy is an important consideration for physicians managing high-risk PAPE and is likely to be associated with much a lower risk of maternal and fetal mortality compared to thrombolysis or surgery.
Optimal interlesion distance for 90 and 50 watt radiofrequency applications with low ablation index values: experimental findings in a chronic ovine model
Authors: Bortone Agustín Alfonso , Ramirez F Daniel , Constantin Marion , Bortone Clara , Hébert Caroline , Constantin Justine , Bialas Patric , Limite Luca Rosario 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aims
The optimal interlesion distance (ILD) for 90 and 50 W radiofrequency applications with low ablation index (AI) values in the atria has not been established. Excessive ILDs can predispose to interlesion gaps, whereas restrictive ILDs can predispose to procedural complications. The present study sought, therefore, to experimentally determine the optimal ILD for 90 W–4 s and 50 W applications with low AI values to optimize catheter ablation outcomes in humans.

Methods and results
Posterior intercaval lines were created in eight adult sheep using CARTO and the QDOT-MICRO catheter in a temperature-controlled mode. In four animals, the lines were created with 50 W applications, a target AI value ≥350, and ILDs of 6, 5, 4, and 3 mm, respectively. In the other four animals, the lines were created with 90 W–4 s applications and ILDs of 6, 5, 4, and 3 mm, respectively. Activation maps were created immediately after ablation and at 21 days to assess linear block prior to gross and histological analyses. All eight lines appeared transmural and continuous on histology. However, for 50 W-only applications with an ILD of 3 mm resulted in durable linear electrical block, whereas for 90 W applications, only the lines with ILDs of 4 and 3 mm were blocked. No complications were detected during ablation procedures, but all power and ILD combinations except 50 W–6 mm resulted in asymptomatic shallow lung lesions.

Conclusion
In the intercaval region in sheep, for 50 W applications with an AI value of ∼370, the optimal ILD is 3 mm, whereas for 90 W–4 s applications, the optimal ILD is 3–4 mm.
Some Certainties and Some Uncertainties in European Union Trade Mark Law
Authors: García-Pérez Rafael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Thirty-five years have passed since the entry into force of the First Trade Mark Directive (First Council Directive 89/104/EEC of 21 December 1988 to approximate the laws of the Member States relating to trade marks). The purpose of this article is to reflect on the journey thus far and the road ahead. This article does this in two ways. The first part of the article identifies some aspects of European Union trade mark law that can be regarded as uncontroversial. The second part explores a number of issues of a more speculative nature as well as some trends that may shape the evolution of European Union trade mark law in the years to come.
Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Collen Lauren V , Mitsialis Vanessa , Kim David Y , Bresnahan Mairead , Yang Jessica , Tuthill Margaret , Combs Abigail , Barends Jared , Field Michael , Liu Enju , Bearup Richelle , Okoroafor Ibeawuchi , Klein Christoph , Muise Aleixo M , Bousvaros Athos , Ouahed Jodie , Snapper Scott B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD) is defined as disease onset in patients younger than 6 years. Challenges in treatment of VEOIBD include lack of approved therapies and increased incidence of monogenic immunodeficiencies. We report on patterns of anti-TNF use, efficacy, and safety in a large cohort of patients with VEOIBD.

Methods
Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease patients receiving care at a single center were prospectively enrolled in a data registry and biorepository starting in 2012. Whole exome sequencing was available to all patients. Clinical data including IBD medication use and response were extracted from the medical record. We examined antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) cumulative exposure and time to failure and evaluated the effect of covariates on anti-TNF failure using Cox proportional hazard regression.

Results
In this cohort of 216 VEOIBD patients with median 5.8-year follow-up, 116 (53.7%) were TNF-exposed. Sixty-two TNF-exposed patients (53.4%) received their first dose at younger than 6 years. Cumulative exposure to anti-TNF was 23.6% at 1 year, 38.4% at 3 years, and 43.4% at 5 years after diagnosis. Cumulative exposure was greater in patients with Crohn’s disease (P = .0004) and in those diagnosed in 2012 or later (P &lt; .0001). Tumor necrosis factor failure occurred in 50.9% of those exposed. Features predictive of anti-TNF failure included ulcerative colitis/IBD-unclassified (hazard ratio, 1.94; P = .03), stricturing (hazard ratio, 2.20; P = .04), and younger age at diagnosis (hazard ratio, 1.25; P = .01). Adverse events occurred in 22.6% of infliximab-exposed and 14.3% of adalimumab-exposed.

Conclusions
Efficacy and safety of anti-TNFs in VEOIBD is comparable to what has previously been reported in older patients.
Notes from the Front: The Casebook of a Renaissance Hospital Surgeon
Authors: Strocchia Sharon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This essay uses the unpublished casebook kept by the Tuscan surgeon Giovanbattista Nardi to examine the provision of urgent medical care in sixteenth-century Italian hospitals. Most major hospitals on the peninsula maintained separate therapeutic spaces known as medicherie for this purpose. Written in the 1580s while Nardi worked as a staff surgeon at a Florentine civic hospital, this rare surgical casebook provides insight into the types of institutional resources devoted to acute medical problems; the clientele seeking immediate assistance and the situations that brought them there; the treatments used to achieve short-term “cures”; and the clinical experiences of hospital surgeons who served as frontline healers. A close analysis of the seventy-nine cases recorded sheds new light on everyday surgical treatments for conditions ranging from serious head injuries requiring trephination to syphilitic lesions and genital trauma. Casebook entries also reveal Nardi’s deep engagement with the composition and use of topical remedies as both practitioner and experimenter. Intended as a memory aid for future reference, the casebook shows material traces of the author’s shifting occupational identity as he matured from hospital surgeon to university-trained physician. Viewed through multiple lenses, this richly layered source expands our understanding of both the practice and profession of early modern surgery.
Operative technique for a successful laparoscopic en-bloc resection of gastrogastric fistula following roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Authors: Patel Krishna , Perdue Jordyn , Varre Jaya , Serapiglia Vinnie , Rizzo Anthony , Sonnanstine Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Gastrogastric fistulas are rare complications following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and are characterized by a fistulous connection between the gastric pouch and the remnant stomach. The presentation is often variable and a high-index of suspicion must be maintained for accurate and timely diagnosis. In this case report, we provide a detailed review of the technical steps taken to successfully resect a gastrogastric fistula en-bloc laparoscopically with an unremarkable post-operative course.