bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal nucleated red blood cells from CVS washings: an aid to development of first trimester non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Voullaire Lucille , Ioannou Panayiotis , Nouri Sara , Williamson Robert 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFetal nucleated red blood cells (n‐rbc) occur in the maternal circulation from 7 weeks of pregnancy. The enrichment of these cells from maternal blood will depend upon their stage of differentiation, which changes during development. We characterised the fetal n‐rbc from chorionic villus sample (CVS) washings and used them to model first trimester non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis. The ratio of ε‐ to γ‐globin‐producing cells declined rapidly from 10 to 13 weeks, as did the ratio of nucleated to non‐nucleated rbc. By 13 weeks the great majority of cells containing γ‐ or ε‐globin are anucleate. The fetal n‐rbc were highly variable in size and density and sedimented over a wide density range with a high proportion (>80%) at a density overlapping with that of maternal rbc. We have devised an enrichment procedure using Orskoff lysis to differentially lyse the maternal cells followed by density centrifugation and separation using magnetic beads. This simple protocol allowed recovery of 70% (69±22%) of fetal cells when added at approximately 10 fetal cells/ml maternal blood. When 1 fetal cell/ml millilitre maternal blood was added (total volume 10 ml) the recovery was more variable but remained at approximately 70% (72±47%), with at least one fetal cell recovered in all cases. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis in Coffin‐Lowry syndrome demonstrates germinal mosaicism confirmed by mutation analysis
Authors: Horn Denise , Delaunoy Jean‐Pierre , Kunze Jürgen 
Published: January 2005

AbstractCoffin‐Lowry syndrome is a rare X‐linked, semi‐dominant mental retardation syndrome resulting from mutations of the ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) gene. In the present report, a male patient affected with Coffin‐Lowry syndrome is shown to have a nonsense mutation of the RSK2 gene. His unaffected mother does not have this mutation in her lymphocytes. In her third pregnancy prenatal diagnosis by mutation analysis has detected gonadal mosaicism. As this is the second report of germinal mosaicism in Coffin‐Lowry syndrome, the finding has important implication for genetic counselling. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 20 by chorionic villus sampling (CVS): a case report with long‐term outcome
Authors: Steinberg Warren Nancy , Soukup Shirley , King Jennifer L. , St. J. Dignan Peter 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA case of prenatally diagnosed non‐mosaic trisomy 20 in cells cultured from a chorionic villus sample (CVS)is presented. The term placental karyotype was also non‐mosaic trisomy 20. The karyotype of thenewborn was 46,XY/47,XY,+20 in foreskin cultures and in a second skin culture; blood lymphocyte culture was 46,XY. Aside from diffuse, hypopigmentary swirls along the lines of Blaschko observed on hisextremities and trunk, referred to as hypomelanosis of Ito, the patient is clinically normal at 8¾ years ofage. In addition, he is one of the oldest reported cases of mosaic trisomy 20 confirmed after birth forwhich the clinical outcome has been monitored. This case demonstrates that these trisomy 20 findings are compatible with normal psychomotor development and phenotype. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis: a cause of prenatal ascites
Authors: Grootenboer Sabine , Barro Claire , Cynober Thérèse , Olivier Schischmanoff P. , Ayoubi Jean‐Marc , Tchernia Gil , Delaunay Jean , Pons Jean‐Claude 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHS) is a rare congenital hemolytic anemia. We observed that some patients had presented with different prenatal or perinatal forms of edema in some kindreds. Within weeks or months after birth, these exhibited a spontaneous, complete and definitive resorption. We assumed that some DHS patients, who were born without edema before ultrasound was available, might nonetheless have exhibited this during the prenatal period. The present report follows up the first pregnancy in a woman with overt DHS, but not herself having a known history of perinatal effusions. Ultrasound revealed that the fetus displayed ascites that disappeared prior to birth. The neonate had DHS. Prenatal edema must therefore be more frequent in DHS than known until now. DHS is another cause of prenatal edema to be considered in the differential diagnosis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis of kyphomelic dysplasia
Authors: Guala A. , Biroli E. , Bassini P. , Botta G. , Licata D. , Di Cara G. , Franceschini D. , Franceschini P. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractKyphomelic dysplasia (KD) is a rare autosomal recessive entity characterized by disproportionate dwarfism with shortening and bowing of the limbs, narrow chest, 11 ribs and metaphyseal flaring. Mental development is generally normal. We report the in utero ultrasound appearances and post‐mortem radiographic findings of a 22‐week‐old male fetus suggestive of KD. A review of 19 previously reported patients with KD is also presented. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of prenatal upper tract dilatation
Authors: Mouriquand Pierre D. E. , Whitten Melissa , Pracros Jean‐Pierre 
Published: January 2005

AbstractUpper tract dilatation presenting as renal pelvis dilatation with or without ureteric dilatation is one of the more common abnormalities detected on prenatal ultrasound scanning. The majority of cases are due to pelvi‐ureteric and vesico‐ureteric junction anomalies, and vesico‐ureteric reflux. Prenatal diagnosis with ultrasound may be aided by biochemical analysis of fetal blood and urine. The natural history of prenatally detected abnormalities remains under review. Precise diagnosis, and therefore prognosis, may not be made until after birth. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increased nuchal translucency as a prenatal manifestation of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Masturzo B. , Hyett J. A. , Kalache K. D. , Rumsby G. , Jauniaux E. , Rodeck C. H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe present two cases of pregnant women with a previous history of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In both cases the only abnormal feature in the initial pregnancy had been increased nuchal translucency at 10–14 weeks of gestation. The fetal karyotype was normal and a diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia was made after delivery. In their current pregnancies, both fetuses also had increased nuchal translucency and normal fetal karyotype. Diagnosis of 21‐hydroxylase deficiency was made prenatally by DNA analysis. These findings in four affected fetuses suggest that congenital adrenal hyperplasia should be added to the list of genetic anomalies associated with an increase in nuchal translucency. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐assembly of ionic amphiphiles on polyelectrolyte chains
Authors: Kabanov Victor A , Zezin Alexander B , Kasaikin Victor A , Zakharova Julia A , Litmanovich Ekaterina A , Ivleva Elena M 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe formation and structure of water‐soluble complexes of partly neutralized poly(acrylic acid) (PA) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) with oppositely‐charged surfactants [tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C14AB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)] have been studied by elastic and quasi‐elastic laser light‐scattering, high‐speed sedimentation and viscometry techniques. It was shown that minimum aggregation number (nmin) of the surfactant ions in the complex micelle depends on the chemical structure of the polyelectrolyte. In particular, C14AB interacting with PA in dilute water solutions forms PA bound micelles with nmin of 102 similar to spherical micelles formed by free C14AB. This is in contrast to soluble PDADMAC–SDS complex species, which are most probably vesicles, each containing ca 105 surfactant ions instead of 102 characteristic for free SDS spherical micelles. A shift from a dilute to a semi‐dilute solution regime with respect to the free PDADMAC results in drastic rearrangement of the PDADMAC–SDS complex structure. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Multihydroxyl branched polyethers by cationic copolymerization of hydroxymethyloxetanes: copolymerization of 3‐ethyl‐3‐(hydroxymethyl)oxetane with difunctional oxetane
Authors: Bednarek Melania 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA possible route for the synthesis of multihydroxyl branched polyethers with various molecular weights and functionality is described. It was found that copolymerization of 3‐ethyl‐3‐(hydroxymethyl)oxetane (EOX) with appropriate amounts of difunctional oxetane (diEOX) leads to products with higher molecular weight than polyEOX obtained under similar conditions. The same effect may be obtained by reaction of polyEOX with diEOX. It was shown that the higher molecular weight fraction is formed by coupling of the initially formed polyEOX macromolecules with diEOX molecules. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and characterization of metallo‐supramolecular micelles
Authors: Gohy Jean‐François , Lohmeijer Bas GG , Décamps Brigitte , Leroy Eric , Boileau Sylvie , van den Broek Jacomina A , Schubert Dieter , Haase Winfried , Schubert Ulrich S 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTwo different metallo‐supramolecular amphiphilic block copolymers have been synthesized, using a hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) block connected through a bis‐(2,2′:6′2″‐terpyridine–ruthenium) complex either to a hydrophobic polystyrene or to a poly(ethylene‐co‐butylene) block. These copolymers were used to prepare aqueous micelles. The morphological characterization of the metallo‐supramolecular micelles was performed by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Besides individual micelles, larger structures were also observed by these two independent techniques. The larger structures were the result of aggregation of individual micelles. In addition, the influence of the ionic strength of the medium was investigated. Although the metallo‐supramolecular copolymers do not contain charged blocks, the corresponding micelles behaved as polyelectrolyte‐like micelles. This behaviour was attributed to the presence of NaCl ions, strongly associated to the poly(ethylene oxide) blocks. This was evidenced by transmission electron microscopy, that revealed the presence of the salt in the metallo‐supramolecular micelles. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Solid‐state NMR relaxometry study of phenolic resins
Authors: Adriaensens Peter , Rego Robby , Carleer Robert , Ottenbourgs Ben , Gelan Jan 
Published: January 2005

Abstract1H wideline and 13C CP/MAS spin‐lattice (T1H) relaxation solid‐state NMR experiments have been performed in order to investigate the cure state of phenolic novolac resins. Due to the process of spin diffusion, a single averaged T1H decay time was found which was sensitive to the cure state of the network structure. Measurements as a function of temperature revealed that mobile end‐groups and branches determine the most efficient pathway of T1H relaxation. Combined with FTIR measurements, it is shown that rearrangements of the hydrogen bond structure take place upon heating–cooling. There are strong indications that the process of disruption–reformation of the hydrogen bonds is not completely reversible. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of proteolytic enzymes in gastrointestinal fluids on drug release from polyelectrolyte complex microspheres based on partially phosphorylated chitosan
Authors: Win Phyu Phyu , Shin‐ya Yoshitsune , Hong Kyung‐Jin , Kajiuchi Toshio 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of proteolytic enzymes on in vitro release of ibuprofen from phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) microspheres in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) (pH 1.4) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) (pH 7.4). To reduce the enzymatic degradability and to enhance the sustained release property, polyelectrolyte complex microspheres based on PCS were developed and characterized. The ibuprofen release from PCS microspheres was found to be sustained more effectively than that from CS microspheres in the medium containing proteolytic enzymes. It was concluded that the PCS microspheres can be used more successfully as sustained oral drug‐delivery vehicles than CS microspheres due to their lesser enzymatic degradability. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Renal and urinary proteomics: Current applications and challenges
Authors: Thongboonkerd Visith , Malasit Prida 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDuring the past few years, proteomics has been extensively applied to various fields of medicine including nephrology. Current applications of renal and urinary proteomics are to better understand renal physiology, to explore the complexity of disease mechanisms, and to identify novel biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. This review provides some examples and perspectives of how proteomics can be applied to nephrology and how experimental data can be linked to physiology, functional significance and clinical applications. In some instances, proteomic analysis can be utilized to generate a new hypothesis from a set of candidates that are obtained from expression studies. The new hypothesis can then be addressed rapidly by conventional molecular biology methods, as demonstrated by identification of an altered renal elastin‐elastase system in diabetic nephropathy and alterations in the renal kallikrein‐kallistatin pathway in hypoxia‐induced hypertension. The strengths and limitations of proteomics in renal research are summarized. Optimization of analytical protocols is required to overcome current limitations. Applications of proteomics to nephrology will then be more fruitful and successful.
Numerical approaches for quantitative analysis of two‐dimensional maps: A review of commercial software and home‐made systems
Authors: Marengo Emilio , Robotti Elisa , Antonucci Francesca , Cecconi Daniela , Campostrini Natascia , Righetti Pier Giorgio 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe present review attempts to cover a number of methods that have appeared in the last few years for performing quantitative proteome analysis. However, due to the large number of methods described for both electrophoretic and chromatographic approaches, we have limited this review to conventional two‐dimensional (2‐D) map analysis which couples orthogonally a charge‐based step (isoelectric focusing) to a size‐based separation step (sodium dodecyl sulfate‐electrophoresis). The first and oldest method applied to 2‐D map data reduction is based on statistical analysis performed on sets of gels via powerful software packages, such as Melanie, PDQuest, Z3 and Z4000, Phoretix and Progenesis. This method calls for separately running a number of replicas for control and treated samples. The two sets of data are then merged and compared via a number of software packages which we describe. In addition to commercially‐available systems, a number of home made approaches for 2‐D map comparison have been recently described and are also reviewed. They are based on fuzzyfication of the digitized 2‐D gel image coupled to linear discriminant analysis, three‐way principal component analysis or a combination of principal component analysis and soft‐independent modeling of class analogy. These statistical tools appear to perform well in differential proteomic studies.
Immunoaffinity reactors for prion protein qualitative analysis
Authors: Bílková Zuzana , Castagna Annalisa , Zanusso Gianluigi , Farinazzo Alessia , Monaco Salvatore , Damoc Eugen , Przybylski Michael , Beneš Milan , Lenfeld Jiří , Viovy Jean‐Louis , Righetti Pier Giorgo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe cellular prion protein (PrPc) represents the substrate for generation of conformational aberrant PrP isoforms which occur in human and animal prion diseases. The published two‐dimensional maps of human PrPc show a vast microheterogeneity of this glycoprotein. The main goal of this project was to develop a highly specific immunoaffinity reactor for qualitative analysis of PrP cellular isoforms isolated from brain homogenate, cerebrospinal fluid and other tissues. New techniques for affinity proteomics, carriers and immobilization chemistry were applied. The choice of matrix (chemical and magnetic properties, particle size and distribution, porosity) was the key factor that influenced the quality of the reactor and the nature of final applications. Mouse anti‐prion IgGs directed to N‐terminal and C‐terminal epitopes (residues 23–40 and 147–165) were grafted in different manners to magnetic micro‐ and nanoparticles particularly developed for µ‐CHIP application. High operational and storage stability of affinity reactors with minimized nonspecific absorption were achieved. The quality of the immunoreactors was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting and by two‐dimensional electrophoresis.
β‐Phenylethyl isothiocyanate mediated apoptosis: A proteomic investigation of early apoptotic protein changes
Authors: Neo Jason Chun Hong , Rose Peter , Ong Choon Nam , Chung Maxey C. M. 
Published: January 2005

Abstractβ‐Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a promising chemopreventative agent found in abundance in watercress (Rorripa nasturtium aquaticum) as its glucosinolate precursor. In the present investigation, we sought to determine the early changes in protein expression that contribute to the mechanism(s) of PEITC‐mediated apoptosis in the human hepatoma HepG2 cell line. Such data may invariably identify new molecular targets of PEITC, contributing to a greater understanding of the mechanism(s) by which isothiocyanates mediate apoptotic cascades. Using two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis we determined the changes in global protein expression between control (0.01% dimethyl sulfoxide) and PEITC (IC50 ∼ 20µM) treated cells after 3 and 6 h, such time points being used to circumvent the effects of caspase mediate proteolysis. Comparison between PEITC treated cells with their respective controls showed that 17 protein spots were differentially expressed. Fourteen of these spots, representing 9 unique proteins, were successfully identified using matrix‐assisted laser desorption / ionization‐time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) and MALDI tandem time of flight (TOF / TOF) mass spectrometry. We observed significant shifts in isoelectric points on two‐dimensional electrophoresis gels in heat shock 27 kDa protein (HSP27), macrophage migration inhibition factor and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) indicating that these proteins are probably involved in protein phosphorylation. Indeed, hnRNP K was determined to be phosphorylated on key tyrosine residues as assessed by using antiphosphotyrosine antibodies. In separate experiments we also showed that c‐myc is up‐regulated in PEITC treated cells, and since hnRNP K is reported to induce overexpression of c‐myc, we proposed that PEITC‐induced apoptosis may involve a c‐myc dependent apoptotic pathway in HepG2 cells.
Helicobacter pylori immunoproteomes in case reports of rosacea and chronic urticaria
Authors: Mini Roberta , Figura Natale , D'Ambrosio Chiara , Braconi Daniela , Bernardini Giulia , Di Simplicio Francesca , Lenzi Cristina , Nuti Ranuccio , Trabalzini Lorenza , Martelli Paola , Bovalini Lucia , Scaloni Andrea , Santucci Annalisa 
Published: January 2005

AbstractRosacea and chronic urticaria are two common skin disorders existing in idiopathic forms. A role of Helicobacter pylori bacterium infection in the aetiopathogenesis of rosacea or chronic urticaria has been suggested although still controversial. The aim of the present study was to establish a relationship between H. pylori infection and rosacea chronic urticaria by means of an immunoproteomic investigation. We analyzed immunoglobulin A (IgA)‐, IgG‐, and IgE‐mediated immune‐responses against H. pylori antigens and we identified some bacterial immunoresponsive proteins. A general IgA‐ and IgE‐mediated immune response against antioxidative bacterial proteins was observed. A correlation between the bacterial occurrence and skin diseases pathogenesis is discussed.
Main chain 1,1′‐ferrocene‐containing polyelectrolytes exhibiting thermotropic liquid‐crystalline and fluorescent properties
Authors: Gao Ye , Shreeve Jean'ne M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA series of 1,1′‐ferrocene‐containing polyelectrolytes (3, 4) were prepared when 1,1′‐bis(N,N‐dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene (1a) or 1, 1′‐bis{[1‐(2‐methyl)imidazol‐1‐yl]methyl}ferrocene (1b) was quaternized with 1,4‐dibromobutane or α, α′‐dibromo‐p‐xylene. The counterion was bromide or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)‐amide formed after metathesis with the lithium salt. Their chemical structures were determined by IR and NMR spectra. Molecular weights in the range of ∼5400 (4a)– ∼14,700 (4c) for number‐average molecular weights (Mn) over narrow molecular weight distributions were determined for polymers 4 by gel permeation chromatography. Thermal properties of these materials were obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis that showed the polymers had thermal stabilities ranging between 172 and 330 °C. Liquid‐crystalline behavior was investigated on a hot stage polarizing optical microscope. Polymers 3a, 4b, and 4d formed either a high‐order or a low‐order smectic phase above their melting or fusion temperatures, and exhibited smectic‐to‐isotropic transitions. The ranges of the liquid‐crystalline phases for these materials were 22, 46, and >55 °C. Compounds 3b, 4a, and 4c are crystalline before melting or decomposing. All of the polymers exhibited absorption bands at ∼430 nm. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 974–983, 2005
A randomized psychosocial intervention study on the effect of home visits on the well‐being of Danish colorectal cancer patients‐the INCA project
Authors: Ross Lone , Thomsen Birthe L. , Karlsen Randi V. , Boesen Ellen H. , Johansen Christoffer 
Published: January 2005

AbstractHome visits by health care professionals may constitute a formalized social relationship in which cancer patients can be given emotional and informational support. We aimed at studying the effect of home visits on the well‐being of colorectal cancer patients. A total of 249 Danish colorectal cancer patients undergoing abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to a control group or to an intervention group. The intervention group received 10 home visits carried out by a project nurse or a medical doctor during the first 2 years after discharge. Participants were interviewed 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after discharge in order to assess well‐being. Using a linear mixed model, we found no overall effect of the intervention on well‐being. We recommend that future psychosocial intervention studies include baseline screening for distress and recommend testing the effect of shorter but intensive interventions carried out by trained therapists. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.