bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profinite completions of free-by-free groups contain everything
Authors: Bridson Martin R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Given an arbitrary, finitely presented, residually finite group Γ, one can construct a finitely generated, residually finite, free-by-free group $M_\Gamma = F_\infty\rtimes F_4$ and an embedding $M_\Gamma \hookrightarrow (F_4\ast \Gamma)\times F_4$ that induces an isomorphism of profinite completions. In particular, there is a free-by-free group whose profinite completion contains $\widehat{\Gamma}$ as a retract.
Real-world experience of IL-17Ai drug survival in a large cohort of axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Weddell Jake , Din Naw Ra Aung , Harrison Stephanie R , Michelena Xabier , McGonagle Dennis , Barr Andrew , Vandevelde Claire , Freeston Jane , Marzo-Ortega Helena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim was to assess the use and drug survival of IL-17Ai in a real-world cohort of axial SpA (axSpA) and PsA patients.

Methods
Patients ever commenced on an IL-17Ai (secukinumab or ixekizumab) for axSpA or PsA at the Leeds Specialist Spondyloarthritis Service were identified. Demographics, IL-17Ai treatment length and reason for cessation were collected. Drug survival data were plotted as a Kaplan–Meier curve, with log rank test of median survival compared between axSpA and PsA. Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between diagnosis and length of drug survival.

Results
In total, 228 patients (91 axSpA and 137 PsA) were exposed to IL-17Ai. Drug survival for all patients at 12 months was 69% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 63, 75%) and at 24 months 60% (95% CI 54, 67%). In axSpA and PsA, drug survival at 12 months was 63% (CI 54, 74%) and 73% (CI 66, 81%), respectively, and at 24 months it was 53% (CI 44, 65%) and 65% (CI 57, 75%), respectively. Median survival did not differ significantly between both diseases (log rank test 0.65). There was no association between diagnosis and survival (hazard ratio 0.92, 95% CI 0.63, 1.33), including when adjusting for age, previous biologic DMARD usage and sex (hazard ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.61, 1.13).

Conclusion
This is the first study, to our knowledge, to analyse and compare real-world IL-17Ai drug survival in patients with axSpA and PsA from a single centre. We demonstrate that there is no difference in IL-17Ai survival rates and no relationship between diagnosis and drug survival. These results contribute to the body of real-world evidence confirming the role of IL-17Ai in the management of axSpA and PsA.
A transferrin receptor targeting dual-modal MR/NIR fluorescent imaging probe for glioblastoma diagnosis
Authors: Hao Jiaqi , Cai Huawei , Gu Lei , Ma Yiqi , Li Yan , Liu Beibei , Zhu Hongyan , Zeng Fanxin , Wu Min 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) remains challenging, primarily due to the lack of a precise, effective imaging technique for comprehensively characterization. Addressing GBM diagnostic challenges, our study introduces an innovative dual-modal imaging that merges near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This method employs superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with NIR fluorescent dyes, specifically Cyanine 7, and targeted peptides. This synthetic probe facilitates MRI functionality through superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, provides NIR imaging capability via Cyanine 7 and enhances tumor targeting trough peptide interactions, offering a comprehensive diagnostic tool for GBM. Notably, the probe traverses the blood–brain barrier, targeting GBM in vivo via peptides, producing clear and discernible images in both modalities. Cytotoxicity and histopathology assessments confirm the probe’s favorable safety profile. These findings suggest that the dual-modal MR\NIR fluorescent imaging probe could revolutionize GBM prognosis and survival rates, which can also be extended to other tumors type.
A Survey of Private Debt Funds
Authors: Block Joern , Jang Young Soo , Kaplan Steven N , Schulze Anna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Despite its large and increasing size in the United States and Europe, the private debt (PD) market, compared to the bank and syndicated loan markets, has been researched little. In this paper, we survey U.S. and European investors with private debt assets under management (AuM) of over $390 billion. These investors are primarily direct lending funds. We ask the general partners (GPs) how they source, select, and evaluate deals; how they think of private debt relative to bank and syndicated loan financing; how they monitor their investments; how they interact with private equity (PE) sponsors; and how they view the future of the market. Respondents provide primarily cash-flow-based loans and believe that they finance companies and leverage levels that banks would not fund. Direct lending funds target unlevered returns that appear high relative to their risk. They use leverage in their funds, but appreciably less than banks and collateralized loan obligation funds (CLOs). They use and negotiate for both financial and negative covenants to monitor their investments. The presence of PE sponsors helps them lend more and craft more effective covenants. U.S. and European funds are similar along many dimensions, but European funds rely less on PE sponsors and compete more with banks. Overall, the private debt market is both different from and shares characteristics with bank loan and syndicated loan markets. (JEL G23, G30, G32)
Activity Shocks and Corporate Liquidity: the Role of Trade Credit
Authors: Bureau Benjamin , Duquerroy Anne , Vinas Frédéric 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We show both theoretically and empirically how trade credit financing may magnify the impact of activity shocks on corporate liquidity. Using unique daily data on payment defaults on suppliers in France, we quantify the magnitude of the short-term cyclical liquidity stress induced by trade payment obligations, exploiting the COVID-19 crisis as an exogenous shock. A one-standard-deviation rise in net trade credit position increases firms’ default probability by 10% during the lockdown. We find higher impacts for downstream sectors – up to 30% increase in the retail trade – for financially constrained firms, and a contraction in investment. (JEL E32, G32, G33, H12, H32)
Late-Medieval Commonplace Culture, the Pastoral Compendium, and the Form of Richard Rolle’s The Form of Living
Authors: Glover Timothy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article examines the disjointed textual form of Richard Rolle’s The Form of Living, one of the most widely circulated English texts of the Middle Ages. It argues that The Form reflects the traditions of the pastoral miscellany and compendium, which were new kinds of texts that emerged following pastoral reforms in late-medieval Europe. Expanding book ownership among parish priests led to the development of a clerical ‘commonplace culture’ in which priests excerpted useful passages from larger reference works to fill blank spaces in their books, or transformed them into streamlined compendia for devotional reading. This article argues that an important facet of Rolle’s process of composing The Form of Living involved his excerpting and reshaping larger pastoral reference works and whatever else he had to hand. This challenges the way that past scholarship has often understood the work in terms of Rolle’s individuality and personal touch: instead, this article seeks to locate Rolle’s creativity in his unlikely transformation of rote pastoral fare into ambitious devotional literature. Contextualizing The Form in this way offers a richer understanding of its form, giving insights into why Rolle chose this format and why it was valued by medieval readers. It also suggests that developing new models for late-medieval compilatio can offer new ways to think about textual organization and authorial composition more broadly.
Organizational changes and research performance: A multidimensional assessment
Authors: Jiménez-Andrade José Luis , Arencibia-Jorge Ricardo , Robles-Pérez Miguel , Tagüeña Julia , Govezensky Tzipe , Carrillo-Calvet Humberto , Barrio Rafael A , Kaski Kimmo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzes the research performance evolution of a scientific institute, from its genesis through various stages of development. The main aim is to obtain, and visually represent, bibliometric evidence of the correlation of organizational changes on the development of its scientific performance; particularly, structural and leadership changes. The study involves six bibliometric indicators to multidimensionally assess the evolution of the institution’s performance profile. For a case study, we selected the Renewable Energy Institute at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, created 35 years ago as a small laboratory, then it evolved to a research center and finally to a formal institute, which over the last 8 years changed from the traditional departmental structure to a network-based structure. The evolution of the multidimensional performance profiles is analyzed, and graphically represented, using a novel artificial intelligence-based approach. We analyzed the performance profiles evolution yearly, using Principal Components Analysis, and a self-organizing neural network mapping technique. This approach, combining bibliometric and machine learning techniques, proved to be effective for the assessment of the institution’s evolution process. The results were represented with a series of graphs and maps that clearly reveal the magnitude and nature of the performance profile evolution, as well as its correlation with each of the structural and leadership transitions. These exploratory results have provided us data and insights into the probable effects of these transitions on academic performance, that have been useful to create a dynamical model.
Labour Market Screening and the Design of Social Insurance: An Equilibrium Analysis of the Labour Market for the Disabled
Authors: Aizawa Naoki , Kim Soojin , Rhee Serena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article studies how firms’ screening incentives in the labour market affect the optimal design of social insurance programs and quantitatively assesses the U.S. disability policies accounting for firms’ screening of the disabled. We develop an equilibrium search model where workers with different productivities have heterogeneous preferences over non-wage benefits and firms cannot offer an employment contract that explicitly depends on worker types. In this environment, firms may use contracts to screen out a certain type of workers, distorting employment rates and contracts in equilibrium. Therefore, the optimal structure of social insurance policies depends on firms’ screening incentives. We extend and structurally estimate this framework to quantitatively understand the inefficiencies arising from firms’ incentives to screen out disabled workers and examine the optimal joint design of disability insurance (DI) and various forms of firm subsidies. We find that hiring subsidies mitigate screening distortions; at the same time, they interact with DI by reducing the labour supply disincentives it generates. The optimal policy structure leads to a considerable welfare gain by simultaneously making firm subsidies and DI benefits more generous.
Follow-up ultrasound examination in patients with newly diagnosed giant cell arteritis
Authors: Schäfer Valentin S , Dejaco Christian , Karakostas Pantelis , Behning Charlotte , Brossart Peter , Burg Lara C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Ultrasound is a standard tool to diagnose giant cell arteritis (GCA). Until now, only a few studies have investigated the role of ultrasound in the follow-up of GCA. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in the intima–media thickness (IMT), total number of affected arteries and provisional OMERACT GCA ultrasonography score (OGUS) in a 12-months follow-up period.

Methods
Patients with newly diagnosed GCA were prospectively enrolled. Ultrasound examinations of facial, temporal, carotid, vertebral and axillary arteries were performed at baseline, after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Changes of IMT, total number of affected arteries and OGUS values were evaluated. In a subgroup of patients, exams were conducted weekly in the first 100 days.

Results
Fifty patients were enrolled and 36 completed the follow-up. Significant reductions in IMT, total number of affected arteries and OGUS were observed. Eighteen patients presented to weekly exams. The mean IMT of the axillary artery normalized after 7 days, while IMT of the common temporal artery normalized after 50 days. The mean OGUS values were below 1 after 6 months. There were no differences in IMT changes between GCA patients with or without PMR or between those with and without additional tocilizumab treatment. A relapse occurred in four patients. At relapse, mean IMT and OGUS were higher as compared to the preceding assessment. No predictive values indicating a relapse were identified.

Conclusion
Vascular ultrasound is sensitive to change in GCA. The presence of PMR or treatment with tocilizumab did not affect IMT decrease.
Comparative effectiveness of tofacitinib and tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in real-world practice: a prospective observational study
Authors: Cho Soo-Kyung , Song Yeo-Jin , Kim Hye Won , Nam Eunwoo , Jeon Ja-Young , Yoo Hyun-Jeong , Sung Yoon-Kyoung 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of tofacitinib vs TNF inhibitors (TNFis) in Korean patients with RA.

Methods
The study used data from a single academic referral hospital’s registries of biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) and tofacitinib and examined remission rates based on the DAS28-ESR after 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for achieving remission with tofacitinib compared with TNFi, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
This analysis included 665 patients (200 on tofacitinib and 455 on TNFis) who were followed up for at least 12 months. Of these, 96 patients in the tofacitinib group (48.0%) and 409 patients in the TNFi group (89.9%) were treatment-naïve to bDMARDs. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed no significant difference in the remission rates between the two groups (18.0% vs 19.6%, P = 0.640). Multivariable analysis demonstrated comparable remission rates with tofacitinib and TNFi (OR 1.204, 95% CI 0.720–2.013). In the subpopulation naïve to Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) and bDMARDs, tofacitinib showed better remission rates than TNFis (OR 1.867, 95% CI 1.033–3.377). Tofacitinib had more adverse events but similar rates of serious adverse events to TNFis.

Conclusion
In real-world settings, there was no significant difference in remission rates at 12 months between the tofacitinib and TNFi groups. In terms of safety, tofacitinib exhibited a higher incidence of adverse events compared with TNFis, while the occurrence of serious adverse events was comparable between the groups.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02602704.
The impact of autoantibodies on the efficacy of biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Takase-Minegishi Kaoru , Böhringer Stefan , Nam Jackie L , Kaneko Yuko , Behrens Frank , Saevarsdottir Saedis , Detert Jacqueline , Leirisalo-Repo Marjatta , van der Heijde Désirée , Landewé Robert , Ramiro Sofia , van der Woude Diane 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the efficacy of bDMARDs in patients with RA with RF/ACPA compared with patients without these autoantibodies.

Methods
Previous systematic literature reviews performed by EULAR RA management task forces were searched for qualifying RCTs. RCTs investigating the efficacy of bDMARDs and including both autoantibody-positive (≤80% of total population) and -negative RA patients were eligible. For trials comparing bDMARD+csDMARD vs csDMARD, relative risks (RR) comparing two groups (RF+ vs RF-, ACPA+ vs ACPA-) were calculated for efficacy outcomes for each arm. Subsequently, relative risk ratios (RRRs) were computed, as the ratio of RR of the bDMARD-arm and the RR from the non-bDMARD-arm. Pooled effects were obtained with random effect meta-analyses.

Results
Data from 28 eligible RCTs were analysed, pooling 23 studies in three subgroups: six including csDMARD-naive patients, 14 csDMARD-IR and three TNFi-IR patients. In csDMARD-naive and csDMARD-IR patients, seropositivity was not associated with a better response to bDMARDs: pooled 6-month ACR20 RRRs 1.02 (0.88–1.18) and 1.09 (0.90–1.32), respectively. Other outcomes showed no difference between groups either. In TNFi-IR patients, based on three trials, the 6-month ACR20 RRR was 2.28 (1.31–3.95), favoring efficacy in seropositive patients. Other outcomes mostly showed no significant difference between the groups. Based on the mode of action, efficacy was comparable between RF-positive and RF-negative patients for both TNFi and non-TNFi treatment and also for the individual bDMARDs.

Conclusion
The effect of bDMARDs is generally comparable in patients with and without RF/ACPA, regardless of the patient population, the mechanism of action or individual drug used.
Peer-review procedures as practice, decision, and governance—the road to theories of peer review
Authors: Reinhart Martin , Schendzielorz Cornelia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Peer review is an ubiquitous feature of science with three interrelated roles: first, as a mechanism to assess quality through expert judgement (process); second, to decide on the distribution of scarce resources, e.g. publication space (outcome); and, third, to self-govern science (context). This is poorly reflected in public and academic debates, where attention is focused on alleged deficits. Moving beyond a ‘deficit model’, we, first, divide the peer-review process into eight different practices, which, in combination, can make up a wide variety of peer-review procedures. Second, we claim that peer review not only provides evaluative decisions, but, more importantly, also provides the legitimacy for these decisions. Thus, an encompassing theoretical view of peer review should integrate process, outcome, and context. Such a view could start by theorizing peer review as a form of government, not unlike democracy, grown historically around concerns for legibility, responsibility, and responsiveness akin to the Mertonian norms.
Data-driven, generalizable prediction of adolescent sleep disturbances in the multisite Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study
Authors: McCurry Katherine L , Toda-Thorne Katherine , Taxali Aman , Angstadt Mike , Hardi Felicia A , Heitzeg Mary M , Sripada Chandra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Sleep disturbances are common in adolescence and associated with a host of negative outcomes. Here, we assess associations between multifaceted sleep disturbances and a broad set of psychological, cognitive, and demographic variables using a data-driven approach, canonical correlation analysis (CCA).

Methods
Baseline data from 9093 participants from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were examined using CCA, a multivariate statistical approach that identifies many-to-many associations between two sets of variables by finding combinations for each set of variables that maximize their correlation. We combined CCA with leave-one-site-out cross-validation across ABCD sites to examine the robustness of results and generalizability to new participants. The statistical significance of canonical correlations was determined by non-parametric permutation tests that accounted for twin, family, and site structure. To assess the stability of the associations identified at baseline, CCA was repeated using 2-year follow-up data from 4247 ABCD Study participants.

Results
Two significant sets of associations were identified: (1) difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep and excessive daytime somnolence were strongly linked to nearly all domains of psychopathology (r2 = 0.36, p &lt; .0001); (2) sleep breathing disorders were linked to BMI and African American/black race (r2 = 0.08, p &lt; .0001). These associations generalized to unseen participants at all 22 ABCD sites and were replicated using 2-year follow-up data.

Conclusions
These findings underscore interwoven links between sleep disturbances in early adolescence and psychological, social, and demographic factors.
Design thinking for engaged learning in animal science: lessons from five semesters of a senior capstone course
Authors: Brandão Alice Poggi , Donaldson Jonan Phillip , Dunlap Kathrin Anson , Wiegert Jeffrey Glennon , Kao Sean , Paudyal Sushil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study presents a design-based research approach involving five iterations (semester) of implementing design thinking for engaged learning (DTEL) in an animal science capstone course. DTEL scaffolds design thinking into 10 stages for collaborative project-based learning to foster skills like problem solving and teamwork. Across five semesters (spring 2021 to spring 2023), student reflections (n = 276) were analyzed to identify aspects that worked well or were challenging. Network analysis visualized relationships (P &lt; 0.05; Q &gt; 0.4) between codes representing strengths, struggles, and alignment with principles from learning theories. Utilizing the relationships between strengths and theory-based principles to address struggles, resulted in changes to the design of the capstone course each iteration (time that the course was taught). The complexity of maps increased over iterations. Initially, struggles were prominent but decreased as responsive design refinements were made. Alignment of student experiences with principles from learning theories grew substantially from the first iteration to the last (theory-related nodes representing 11.4% vs. 24.4% in each network map, respectively), with learning theories also occupying more central positions in the last map (iteration five) compared to earlier ones (iterations one through four). These changes suggest student experiences increasingly aligned with principles of cognitive constructivism, social constructivism, constructionism, situated learning, and transformative learning. Design principles derived from the five-iteration study include: (1) allocating most time to hands-on lab work vs. lecture, (2) designating a coordinator faculty, (3) scaffolding for instructors unfamiliar with DTEL, (4) emphasizing consistency in processes over grades, and (5) intentionally developing teamwork skills. The study demonstrates the value of design-based research for iteratively refining and studying learning experiences to foster critical skills for undergraduate students in animal science.