bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological, metabolomic and genomic evidences on drought stress protective functioning of endophyte Bacillus safensis Ni7, offering its application as probiotic to plant drought
Authors: Juby Silju , Soumya Padinjarakavil , Jayachandran K , E.K Radhakrishnan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The metabolomic and genomic characterization of an endophytic Bacillus safensis Ni7 was carried out in this study. This strain has previously been isolated from the xerophytic plant Nerium indicum L. and reported to enhance the drought tolerance in C. annuum L. seedlings. The effects of drought stress on the morphology, biofilm production and metabolite production of B. safensis Ni7 were analysed by various techniques. Compared to the non-stressed conditions, the organism was found to have multiple strategies such as aggregation and clumping, robust biofilm production and increased production of surfactin homologues under the drought induced condition. The whole genome sequencing (WGS) based analysis has demonstrated B. safensis Ni7 to have a genome size of 3,671,999 bp, N50 value of 3,527,239 and a mean G + C content of 41.58%. By detailed bioinformatics analysis, Bacillus safensis Ni7 could be predicted to have the presence of genes responsible for stress response, surfactin production, biofilm production, chemotaxis, flagella synthesis etc. Besides these, genes responsible for the plant growth promotion (PGP), including those for nitrogen and sulphur assimilation and phosphate solubilisation were also predicted. The organism was also observed to have the genes for catalase, superoxide dismutase, protein homeostasis, cellular fitness, osmoprotectants production and protein folding. Further pan-genome analysis with plant associated B. safensis strains available in the public databases revealed it to have the presence of a total of 5391 gene clusters. Among these, 3207 genes were identified as core genes, 954 as shell genes and 1230 as cloud genes. This observation highlighted the variation in gene content among different strains of B. safensis which might have evolved as part of its adaptive support offered to host plants. This variation hence could possibly be attributed to the genomic basis of B. safensis for plant growth. The results of this study hence, demonstrate genomic evidences for the drought protective effect of the endophytic B. safensis Ni7 with adaptations to support plant growth which thereby confirms its promises to be applied as drought protective plant probiotic.
Effect of toileting behavior on daytime non-sedentary behavior in nursing home residents
Authors: Nakano Yuri , Kubota Satoshi , Furudate Takuya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Nursing home residents engage in lower levels of physical activity, primarily remaining seated or lying down, except for routine activities of daily living (ADLs). Since ADLs, particularly toileting, require effort. This study investigated the relationship between physical activity and toileting activity during the daytime among elderly nursing home residents.
The study involved 30 participants, including a group of healthy community-dwelling elderly individuals and two groups of nursing home residents with independent and non-independent toileting behavior, respectively. The physical activity of participants was measured with an accelerometer, and estimated metabolic equivalents, duration, and amount of physical activity were calculated.
The amount of physical activity associated with toileting was significantly higher in the independent and non-independent groups than in the community group. Moreover, the amount of non-sedentary physical activity associated with toileting positively affected the amount of non-sedentary physical activity during the daytime. These findings suggest that toileting activity can contribute significantly to the physical activity of elderly nursing home residents.
Interventions focusing on improving toileting behavior among nursing home residents may positively impact overall physical activity and functional abilities.
Genetic basis of alpha-1,3 galactose epitopes in animal reservoir of coronaviruses
Authors: Zhou Dapeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The αGal epitope, Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R, is found in all non-primate mammals, lemurs, and New World monkeys but not in Old World monkeys, apes or humans. Humans possess natural anti-αGal antibodies that have been hypothesized to prevent virus spillover through neutralization and complement-mediated inactivation of glycosylated viruses carried by animal hosts. In this study, we cloned the α-1, 3-galactosyltransferase family from animal reservoir of coronaviruses and investigated their function to modify surface glycoproteins of SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-virus. The results showed that the bat and pangolin genomes contain functional bat-αGalT1 and bat-αGalT2 glycosyltransferase genes. The bat and pangolin αGalT1 can catalyze the expression of the αGal epitope on SARS-CoV-2 envelope glycoproteins. Anti-αGal antibodies showed neutralization effect on SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-viruses packaged by glycoengineered 293T cells expressing αGal epitope. Our findings confirmed the presence of functional α3GalTs in animal reservoir of coronaviruses. Glycoengineered human cells expressing αGal epitope may serve as safer tools to study coronaviruses. Ongoing studies are being focused on the role of anti-αGal natural antibodies in cross-species virus transmission, as well as the mechanism to induce such antibodies in humans.
Bioremediation of Cellulosic Wastes by Using Orthodillo chiltoni (Vandel, 1973), Isopoda
Authors: Salman Zainab Hamed , Alsalman Ibrahim Mahdi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Terrestrial isopods play an important role in the biodegradation of many wastes which gives agreat importance in the nutrient cycles and ecosystem services , therefore this paper aims to use species Orthodillo chiltoni (Vandel, 1973) as a model organism in bioremediation of urban environment with municipal wastes, agricultural fields, parks and markets wastes.
Samples of these wastes included potato peels, orange fruit leaves, thyme plant and sawdust,cardboard residues , the experiments were carried out in laboratory condition similar to the living environment of this species in terms of temperature, humidity and intensity lighting.
The applied results have shown that the individuals of this species were very efficient in consuming all of the tested wastes, as the percentage of consumption reached 99.525% of potato peels, 87.15% of orange leaves, 78.225% of sawdust, 66.8% of thyme plant and 61.6% of cardboard residues, also the results shown the efficiency of consumption of each isopods indiviual reached 0.796, 0.697, 0.625, 0.534 and 0.492 mg respectively.
Recommendation are given for use other species of terrestrial isopoda to treat other wasters by biological approach.
Regional Anaesthesia Education for Emergency Physicians: Effect of a Multimodal Training on Self-Reported Knowledge
Authors: Resta Flavia , Barcella Bruno , Angeli Valentina , Lago Elena , Santaniello Annunziata , Dedato Andrea Simone , Centurioni Clarissa Elizabeth , Regeni Elena , Savastano Simone , Baldi Enrico , Contri Enrico , Maffeis Riccardo , Denti Pietro , Musella Valeria , Schicchi Azzurra , Lonati Davide , Salinaro Francesco , Perlini Stefano , Pietro Santi Di 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Despite the acknowledgement of the importance of Ultrasound-guided Regional Anaesthesia (UGRA) in Emergency Medicine (EM) practice, high variability exists in the training of physicians. Our research group has recently developed a one-day (8 hours), simulation-based UGRA course, specifically tailored to help emergency physicians integrating these skills into their clinical practice.
Methods: In this pre-post intervention study, emergency physicians attended a course consisting of a 4-hour teaching on background knowledge, followed by a scanning session on a healthy individual, a needling station with an ex-vivo model (turkey thigh), a simulation-based learning experience on local anaesthetic toxicity (LAST) and a scanning session on the UGRA simulator BlockSim™.Participants rated their level of knowledge across several domains of UGRA practice using a 5-points Likert scale (from 0 to 4). Participants also rated the perceived utility of the practical sessions. We extrapolated from the all baseline characteristics of participants and we paired the answers of pre- and post-course questionnaires using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results: Seventy-four participants practising across ten Italian regions and Switzerland completed the pre-and post- course questionnaire. Most of them were EM residents (75,68%) who had never performed UGRA. Female gender was more represented (58,1%). Self-reported knowledge significantly improved from 1 to 3 in the following domains of UGRA indications: Knowledge of contraindications, Equipment and drugs, UGRA techniques, LAST recognition, LAST management (p<0.001). A smaller improvement was observed in the domain Knowledge of “sonoanatomy” (from 1 to 2; p<0.001). Most participants rated positively the utility of practical stations (either “extremely useful” or “very useful” or “moderately useful”) (100% for the scanning session; 100% for the ex-vivo station with turkey thigh; 91,8% for the BlockSim™).
Conclusions: This one-day (8 hours), simulation-based, UGRA course specifically tailored for emergency physicians led to improve participant’s self-reported knowledge across several domains of UGRA practice. Most participants rated positively the utility of practical stations. Our findings suggest that a one-hour scanning session on a single healthy volunteer may be insufficient for learners to gain confidence with the relevant sonoanatomy.
Spatial-Temporal Attention with Graph and General Neural Network-based Sign Language Recognition
Authors: SHIN JUNGPIL , Miah Abu Saleh Musa , Hasan Md. Al Mehedi , Okuyama Yuichi , Tomioka Yoichi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Automatic Sign Language Recognition (SLR) stands as a vital aspect within the realms of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and computer vision, facilitating the conversion of hand signs—utilized by individuals with significant hearing and speech impairments—into equivalent text or voice. Researchers have recently used hand skeleton joint information instead of the image pixel due to light illumination and complex background-bound problems. However, besides the hand information, body motion and facial gestures play an essential role in expressing sign language emotion. Also, a few researchers have been working to develop an SLR system by taking a multi-gesture dataset, but their performance accuracy and time complexity are not sufficient. In light of these limitations, we introduce a Spatial and Temporal Attention Model amalgamated with a General Neural Network designed for the SLR system. The main idea of our architecture is first to construct a fully connected graph to project the skeleton information. We employ self-attention mechanisms to extract insights from node and edge features across spatial and temporal domains. Our architecture bifurcates into three branches: a graph-based spatial branch, a graph-based temporal branch, and a general neural network branch, which collectively synergize to contribute to the final feature integration. Specifically, the spatial branch discerns spatial dependencies, while the temporal branch amplifies temporal dependencies embedded within the sequential hand skeleton data. Further, the general neural network branch enhances the architecture’s generalization capabilities, bolstering its robustness. In our evaluation, utilizing the Mexican Sign Language(MSL), Pakistani Sign Langauge(PSL) datasets and American Sign Langauge Large Video Dataset(ASSLVD) —which comprises 3D joint coordinates for face, body, and hands that conducted experiments on individual gestures and their combinations. Impressively, our model demonstrated notable efficacy, achieving an accuracy rate of 99.96% for the MSL dataset, 92.00% for PSL, and 26.00% for the ASLLVD dataset, which includes 2745 classes. These exemplary performance metrics, coupled with the model’s computationally efficient profile, underscore its preeminence compared to contemporaneous methodologies in the field.
Enjeux politiques du « tout numérique » à l’école et pouvoir d’agir des enseignants
Authors: Aillerie Carine , Martineaud Théo 
Published: February 2024

Du point de vue des sciences de l’information et de la communication et dans la lignée de l’approche sociocritique proposant d’analyser les usages numériques en éducation au regard de leurs contextes socioculturels de production (Collin et al., 2015 ; Denouël, 2019), nous posons la question de la réalité du pouvoir d’agir de l’enseignant avec les dispositifs sociotechniques dont il dispose et de ce que nous en dit l’épisode « d’éducation à distance d’urgence » (Bozkurt et al., 2020) lié à la pandémie de COVID-19. Cela passe par l’identification des objets techniques réellement mobilisés à des fins d’enseignement. Nous interrogeons les possibilités pédagogiques associées à ces dispositifs : que permettent-ils effectivement ou non de faire, du point de vue des intentions pédagogiques des enseignants? Notre propos s’appuie sur 50 entretiens semi-directifs individuels avec des enseignants de l’école élémentaire en France, récemment équipés par le ministère de l’Éducation. Nos résultats soulignent la forte matérialité technique du travail enseignant, en classe comme à la maison, ainsi que la tendance de nos participants à hypertrophier les potentialités des dispositifs numériques (dans le sens des bénéfices pour l’apprentissage comme dans celui des dangers pour les enfants) au détriment de leur propre créativité pédagogique.
Interdisciplinary integration of land use and drainage planning for urban adaptation under the climate change scenario
Authors: Liao Chin-Hsien , Huang Cheng-Chia 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

The challenge posed by urbanization often revolves around effectively integrating land use and comprehensive drainage planning. The empirical results of urban layout on stormwater management are summarized into two major categories: (1) decrease of runoff volume and (2) decrease of peak flows. Interdisciplinary incorporation of urban design and hydraulic engineering should be employed for reducing upstream runoff volumes and a regional downstream detention system to mitigate peak flow releases. This study proposes a framework that combines the distribution of flow loading and the control of flow releases to formulate the adaptation strategy by synthesizing land use and comprehensive drainage planning. The study leverages environmental and land use data to investigate Dapu township, Taiwan. The presented paper designs a detention and low-impact development (LID) method based on relative land use layout. It identifies the relationships between land use and master drainage planning (MDP) in watershed areas. It contributes to an integrated framework for the urban planners' flood mitigation adaptation strategy. Most importantly, it provides insights into MDP practices under slight, medium, and even climate change scenarios.
Quantifying water loss in leaky micro-dam reservoir through water balance analysis and high-resolution water level data modeling
Authors: Berhane Gebremedhin , Walraevens Kristine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the runoff, recharge, and response of a shallow aquifer to leakage from the Arato micro-dam reservoir (MDR). The assessment was conducted using the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN), soil moisture balance (SMB), and diver (automatic data logger) measurements in both the MDR and a shallow hand-dug well. Recharge was estimated using the chloride mass balance (CMB) and water table fluctuation (WTF) methods. The results revealed that the annual runoff from the catchment was 48.8 mm, which accounted for approximately 0.71 million m3. The yearly groundwater recharge was estimated to be 104, 92.8, and 100 mm using the SMB, CMB, and WTF methods, respectively. Furthermore, the water balance model of the Arato MDR indicated a leakage rate of 13.2 mm/day. It is noteworthy that the estimated leakage exceeded the seepage initially anticipated during the project's design phase (9,965 m3/year). This research project highlights the significance of utilizing local climatic and physical data from the specific watershed under investigation when planning reservoirs and other water resources. It also underscores the importance of conducting thorough site investigations to accurately quantify hydraulic conductivity for leakage estimation purposes.
Spatio-temporal patterns of groundwater level changes in southwestern Indian Punjab
Authors: Dhaloiya Arvind , Singh J. P. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study aimed to assess the dynamic behavior of groundwater levels in the southwestern districts of Indian Punjab, focusing on the spatial and temporal distribution of waterlogged and overexploited areas before and after the monsoon season. The study utilized groundwater level data spanning 48 years (1973 -2020), using GIS to map groundwater levels and visualize fluctuations throughout the study area. The findings revealed significant variations in groundwater levels within the southwestern district of Punjab during different seasons. The maximum waterlogged areas were found to be 97,350 ha (1973, Faridkot), 56,080 ha (1981, Ferozepur), 21,730 ha (1991, Sri Muktsar Sahib), 52,790 ha (2000, Sri Muktsar Sahib), 6,760 ha (2010, Sri Muktsar Sahib), and 2,910 ha (2020, Fazilka). However, the waterlogged and potential waterlogging area observed in Fazilka district covered about one-third (32.52%) of the district during 2020. The study identified that 45% of the study area faced the risk of overexploitation, 46% was considered safe, and 9% was either waterlogged or at risk of waterlogging. Over the 48 years, the study demonstrated the dynamic nature of waterlogged areas in the southwestern districts of Punjab, including Ferozepur to Fazilka via Faridkot and Sri Muktsar Sahib districts.
Research Progress of TCM Therapy for Rotator Cuff Injury
Authors: Zhang Xianquan , Zhou Guanghui , Gu Zhuoxu , Luo Minghui , Liang Guihong 
Published: February 2024

Background::
Rotator cuff injury is a common orthopedic disease with high morbidity,
which is one of the most important reasons for shoulder pain and limited movement. With the
development of more research, the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) therapy for rotator cuff
injury is increasingly rich, and has achieved a good curative effect.

Method::
TCM has certain characteristics and advantages, which may become the main development
trend of the treatment. By consulting the relevant literature on TCM therapy for rotator cuff
injury in recent years, we found that commonly used TCM therapy include Chinese herbal therapy,
Chinese herbal compounds.

Result::
External treatment of Chinese herbal therapy, Acupuncture therapy, Floating needle therapy, Massage therapy, and others, which make a great clinical effect.

Conclusion::
This paper summarizes and analyzes the common TCM therapy of the rotator cuff
injury, to provide new ideas for the selection of clinical treatment options.
Valeriana jatamansi: Bioactive Compounds and their Medicinal Uses
Authors: Maurya Antim K. , Agnihotri Vijai K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Valeriana jatamansi is a reputed perennial medicinal herb distributed throughout the world, where it is used in cytotoxicity, neuronal problems, insomnia, leishmania and acetylcho-linesterase inhibitor, antioxidant, antiviral and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. This review de-scribes the current state of chemical characterization of isolated metabolites, which are well ac-cepted for the treatment of various ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. This compre-hensive review covers previously published research articles and reviews up to 2023 with an em-phasis on the structural characterization of isolated bioactive compounds using different analyti-cal techniques. Furthermore, the present review also focuses on the detailed medicinal and phar-macological properties of isolated compounds from this threatened herb.
Effect of in vitro Digestion on the Bioaccessibility of Polyphenols and Potential Prebiotic Properties of Potato Peel
Authors: Mall Urvashi P. , Patel Vinayak H. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Potato peel is a byproduct of the potato processing industry and a potential
source of functional ingredients such as dietary fiber, polyphenols, and prebiotics. However,
the bioaccessibility of polyphenols and antioxidants during in vitro digestion and prebiotic potential
after in vitro digestion of potato peel flour has not been reported.

Objective:
The study was designed to assess the bioaccessibility of polyphenols and the prebiotic
potential of potato peel flour.

Methods:
In this study, the changes in polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity during different
phases of in vitro digestion, including salivary, gastric and intestinal phases were studied.
Additionally, an investigation was conducted to evaluate the prebiotic properties of potato peel
flour by in vitro fermentation with Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Results:
The findings revealed a significant increase in the recovery index for total phenolic content
during both gastric (106.90%) and intestinal (102.71%) digestive phases. Furthermore, polyphenols
in potato peel flour exhibited high residual intestinal digestibility index values (>90%).
The antioxidant capacity increased by >50% during various phases of in vitro digestion. Regarding
prebiotic properties, potato peel flour significantly increased L. acidophilus counts and promoted
the production of short-chain fatty acids, specifically propionate and butyrate.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that potato peel flour has the potential to serve as a functional
ingredient or nutraceutical that can enhance health and may help in reducing environmental
problems.
Metabolic Reprogramming in Gliocyte Post-cerebral Ischemia/
Reperfusion: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Gong Lipeng , Liang Junjie , Xie Letian , Zhang Zhanwei , Mei Zhigang , Zhang Wenli 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. However, the clinical
efficacy of recanalization therapy as a preferred option is significantly hindered by reperfusion injury.
The transformation between different phenotypes of gliocytes is closely associated with cerebral ischemia/
reperfusion injury (CI/RI). Moreover, gliocyte polarization induces metabolic reprogramming,
which refers to the shift in gliocyte phenotype and the overall transformation of the metabolic network
to compensate for energy demand and building block requirements during CI/RI caused by hypoxia,
energy deficiency, and oxidative stress. Within microglia, the pro-inflammatory phenotype exhibits
upregulated glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, fatty acid synthesis, and glutamine synthesis,
whereas the anti-inflammatory phenotype demonstrates enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
and fatty acid oxidation. Reactive astrocytes display increased glycolysis but impaired glycogenolysis
and reduced glutamate uptake after CI/RI. There is mounting evidence suggesting that
manipulation of energy metabolism homeostasis can induce microglial cells and astrocytes to switch
from neurotoxic to neuroprotective phenotypes. A comprehensive understanding of underlying mechanisms
and manipulation strategies targeting metabolic pathways could potentially enable gliocytes to
be reprogrammed toward beneficial functions while opening new therapeutic avenues for CI/RI treatment.
This review provides an overview of current insights into metabolic reprogramming mechanisms
in microglia and astrocytes within the pathophysiological context of CI/RI, along with potential
pharmacological targets. Herein, we emphasize the potential of metabolic reprogramming of gliocytes
as a therapeutic target for CI/RI and aim to offer a novel perspective in the treatment of CI/RI.