bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between COVID-19 and Neurological Diseases: Evidence from Large-Scale Mendelian Randomization Analysis and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis
Authors: Huang Lin , Wang Yongheng , He Yijie , Huang Dongyu , Wen Tong , Han Zhijie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObservational studies have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the risk of neurological diseases, but it remains unclear whether the association is causal. The present study aims to evaluate the causal relationships between SARS-CoV-2 infections and neurological diseases and analyzes the potential routes of SARS-CoV-2 entry at the cellular level. We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with CAUSE method to investigate causal relationship of SARS-CoV-2 infections with neurological diseases. Then, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis to obtain evidence of potential neuroinvasion routes by measuring SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression in specific cell subtypes. Fast gene set enrichment analysis (fGSEA) was further performed to assess the pathogenesis of related diseases. The results showed that the COVID-19 is causally associated with manic (delta_elpd, − 0.1300, Z-score: − 2.4; P = 0.0082) and epilepsy (delta_elpd: − 2.20, Z-score: − 1.80; P = 0.038). However, no significant effects were observed for COVID-19 on other traits. Moreover, there are 23 cell subtypes identified through the scRNA-seq transcriptomics data of epilepsy, and SARS-CoV-2 receptor TTYH2 was found to be specifically expressed in oligodendrocyte and astrocyte cell subtypes. Furthermore, fGSEA analysis showed that the cell subtypes with receptor-specific expression was related to methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27ME3), neuronal system, aging brain, neurogenesis, and neuron projection. In summary, this study shows causal links between SARS-CoV-2 infections and neurological disorders such as epilepsy and manic, supported by MR and scRNA-seq analysis. These results should be considered in further studies and public health measures on COVID-19 and neurological diseases.
Increased Expression of Transferrin Receptor 1 in the Brain Cortex of 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease Is Associated with Activation of HIF-1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Petralla Sabrina , Saveleva Liudmila , Kanninen Katja M. , Oster Julia S. , Panayotova Maria , Fricker Gert , Puris Elena 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Despite intensive research efforts, there are currently no effective treatments to cure and prevent AD. There is growing evidence that dysregulation of iron homeostasis may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Given the important role of the transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) in regulating iron distribution in the brain, as well as in the drug delivery, we investigated its expression in the brain cortex and isolated brain microvessels from female 8-month-old 5xFAD mice mimicking advanced stage of AD. Moreover, we explored the association between the TfR1 expression and the activation of the HIF-1 signaling pathway, as well as oxidative stress and inflammation in 5xFAD mice. Finally, we studied the impact of Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 on TfR1 expression in the brain endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3. In the present study, we revealed that an increase in TfR1 protein levels observed in the brain cortex of 5xFAD mice was associated with activation of the HIF-1 signaling pathway as well as accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation. Interestingly, incubation of Aβ peptides in hCMEC/D3 cells did not affect the expression of TfR1, which supported our findings of unaltered TfR1 expression in the isolated brain microvessels in 5xFAD mice. In conclusion, the study provides important information about the expression of TfR1 in the 5xFAD mouse model and the potential role of HIF-1 signaling pathway in the regulation of TfR1 in AD, which could represent a promising strategy for the development of therapies for AD.
FLAVOUR Study: FLow profiles And postoperative VasOplegia after continUous-flow left ventriculaR assist device implantation
Authors: Kersten Bas J. , Numan Lieke , van der Schoot Marnix M. , de Jong Michel , Ramjankhan Faiz , Aarts Emmeke , Oerlemans Marish I. F. J. , van Laake Linda W. , de Waal Eric E. C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study aims to associate the incidence of postoperative vasoplegia and short-term survival to the implantation of various left ventricular assist devices differing in hemocompatibility and flow profiles. The overall incidence of vasoplegia was 25.3% (73/289 patients) and 30.3% (37/122), 25.0% (18/72), and 18.9% (18/95) in the axial flow (AXF), centrifugal flow (CF), and centrifugal flow with artificial pulse (CFAP) group, respectively. Vasoplegia was associated with longer intensive care (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS) and mortality. ICU and in-hospital LOS and 1-year mortality were the lowest in the CFAP group. Post hoc analysis resulted in a p-value of 0.43 between AXF and CF; 0.35 between CF and CFAP; and 0.06 between AXF and CFAP. Although there is a trend in diminished incidence of vasoplegia, pooled logistic regression using flow profile and variables that remained after feature selection showed that flow profile was not an independent predictor for postoperative vasoplegia.

Graphical Abstract
Bioethanol Production from Marine Macroalgae Waste: Optimisation of Thermal acid Hydrolysis
Authors: Pardilhó Sara , Oliveira Joana , Pires José C. , Maia Dias Joana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMarine macroalgae waste, resulting from the accumulation of drifted algal biomass along the coastline, might be a relevant complementary raw material aiming sustainable bioethanol production. In the present study, the optimisation of thermal acid hydrolysis was performed using response surface methodology (RSM) considering the effect of three variables, namely, reaction time (10–60 min), acid concentration (0.1–2.5% (v/v) H2SO4) and biomass:acid ratio (5–15% (w/v)) on sugar concentration and yield. Under the best conditions, the resulting hydrolysates were fermented (7 days, 30 °C, 150 rpm, commercial yeast) to produce bioethanol. A statistically valid second-order model was obtained (r2 = 0.9876; Prob > F lower than 0.05), showing that sugar concentration is mostly influenced by the biomass:acid ratio while reaction time was not significant. The maximum predicted sugar concentration was 18.4 g/L, being obtained at 2.5% H2SO4 concentration and 15% (w/v) biomass:acid ratio, corresponding to a sugars yield of 12.5 g/100 g (less 36% than that obtained using 10% (w/v)). At the best conditions, the hydrolysates were fermented to obtain a bioethanol concentration up to 2.4 g/L and a 21 mgbioethanol/gbiomass yield, emphasizing the biomass potential for bioenergy production.
Graphical Abstract
Recalling Tough Times: Exploring the Effect of Acceptance on Autobiographical Memory in Daily Life
Authors: Colombo Desirée , Wrzesien Maja , Baños Rosa María 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
When facing daily negative events, people implement different strategies to regulate ongoing emotions. While the literature suggests that the emotional correlates of an event (i.e., valence and arousal) are linked to the characteristics of its memory, the role of acceptance as an emotion regulation strategy (i.e., an open attitude towards one’s emotional experiences, thoughts, and/or bodily sensations without attempts to control, avoid, or alter them) in mnemonic processes is still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to ecologically explore the effect of using acceptance to deal with a daily unpleasant episode on its subsequent memory

Method
We used an ecological assessment embeded in correlational study design, asking participants (n = 73) to report an unpleasant episode using their smartphone as soon as possible after its occurrence and rate the momentary use of acceptance. To investigate memory phenomenology, two surprise recall tasks were performed 1 week and 1 month after, respectively.

Results
Acceptance significantly moderated the relationship between an event’s emotional intensity and its memory. Specifically, individuals with low levels of acceptance tended to recall more details of highly emotional events. Conversely, people adopting high rates of acceptance retrieved less details as the emotional intensity of the event increased.

Conclusions
We suggest that acceptance may facilitate disengagement from unpleasant life experiences by reducing their recall, thereby constituting an adaptive emotion regulation strategy in activating circumstances.

Preregistration
This study was not preregistered.
Investigating the Impacts of Compulsive Sexual Behaviours on Women Using Descriptive Phenomenology: A Research Agenda
Authors: Aghamiri Fakri Seyed , Luetz Johannes M. , Hills Karenne 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Sexual addiction (SA) and compulsive sexual behaviour (CSB) are concepts used to characterise a nascent field of research and phenomena that can have major personal, relational, and psychological effects on individuals, their intimate relationships, and society. Impacts are manifold and may include emotional, relational, physical, sexual, and/or spiritual consequences. Literary analysis suggests that there is a wide knowledge gap in systematic in-depth qualitative studies that examine the lived experiences of impacted women.

Methods
This conceptual paper presents a blueprint for qualitative research into female partner well-being following the discovery or disclosure of SA/CSBs by their male partners. After three years of collecting data (2021–2023), the prototype has been refined to the point where the descriptive phenomenology research design merits in-depth coverage of its constituent elements.

Results and Contribution
The qualitative methodologies of this paper were developed to give voice to and better comprehend this understudied demographic. This methodological article advances qualitative knowledge creation in an emergent field of investigation, offering prospects for healing and recovery for individuals and relationships.

Conclusions
This paper presents a comprehensive research design rather than any data or findings. This focus is intended and offers new prospects to build a nascent field of investigation. More specifically, other research may benefit from either adopting and/or adapting similar methodological approaches that examine the essences of human lived experiences. This paper lays the foundation for an important future research agenda.

Policy Implications
The research methodological design presented in this paper is suited to facilitate social policy development through targeted strategies that may better validate and deliver more appropriate care to women in need. More specifically, by applying the approaches presented in this paper to the in-depth study of SA/CSB-impacted intimate partners, there is an opportunity to promote social consciousness, enhance empathy, and advance this field of investigation.
Penicillium oxalicum-mediated the green synthesis of silica nanoparticles: characterization and environmental applications
Authors: Kaabo Hazem Elsayed , Saied Ebrahim , Hassan Saad El-Din , Mahdy Hesham M. , Sultan Mahmoud H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn terms of biocompatibility, environmental friendliness, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, green nanoparticle (NP) synthesis is a modern area of nanotechnology that performs better than physical and chemical methods. The utilization of endophytic Penicillium oxalicum for the biogenesis of silica nanoparticles is the goal of the current work. The structural and optical properties of the fungal produced silica nanoparticles were investigated utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). All of the investigated parameters and their interactions were found to have a significant effect on the crystallite size, according to the results. The average diameter size of the biosynthesized SiO2-NPs was ranged between 20 -50 nm. The size of the biosynthesized SiO2-NPs was 28.7 nm, and their crystalline nature was confirmed by XRD, according to characterization results. A surface plasmon resonance spectrum of silica nanoparticles was obtained at 280 nm. Under UV light, Ribazol black b and Crystal violet dyes were photocatalytically degraded utilizing biosynthesized SiO2 nanoparticles. The highest decolorization percentage of Crystal violet and Ribazol black b was 94.1% ± 1.2% and 85.1% ± 0.93%, respectively after 90 and 120 min, for both crystal violet and Ribazol black b of incubation at 50.0 mg mL─1 of SiO2 nanoparticles. Furthermore, SiO2-NPs were successfully used more than once for biodegradation and that was regarded as its efficacy. Silica nanoparticles were used to remove Co, Pb, Cd, and Zn with percentages of 99.9% ± 1.2%, 99.9% ± 1.3%, 99.9% ± 1.3%, and 99.4% ± 1.4%, respectively. The phytotoxicity test was investigated by using Zea mays L seed which the root length increases to (28 ± 0.35) and (21 ± 0.51) cm, respectively when subjected tothe treated CV and Ribazole black b effluent... In conclusion, endophytic Penicillium oxalicum was used to successfully biosynthesize SiO2-NPs, which showed, phytotoxicity, heavy metal bioremediation, and photocatalytic activity against CV and Ribazol black b dye.
Temporal and Spatial Beam Shaping in LPBF for Fine and Porous Ti-Alloy Structures for Regenerative Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Sanchez Salomé , Zafari Ahmad , Caprio Leonardo , Demir Ali Gökhan , Jafari Davoud 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) presents itself as a potential method to produce thin porous structures, which have numerous applications in the medical and energy industries, due to its in-process pore formation capabilities. Particularly, regenerative fuel cells, which are capable of both producing and storing energy through the use of hydrogen-based electrochemical fuel cell and electrolysers, respectively, can benefit from the LPBF-induced porosity for it porous layer components in the electrode. Numerous studies have reported that process parameters, such as laser power, scan speed and hatch spacing, are key factors affecting the formation of pores in LPBF material due to their control over the energy density and melt pool formation during the build. Contemporary fibre lasers offer novel temporal and spatial beam shaping capabilities. Temporal laser control means that the laser can use pulsed wave (PW) or single point exposure (SPE), and spatial beam shaping refers to variations in the intensity distribution of the laser, which can be modulated from Gaussian to ring shape via the use of multi-core fibers. These have seldom been studied in combination with LPBF. Therefore, the aim of this study was to utilise temporal and spatial beam shaping in LPBF to produce thin porous structures. To do this, PW and SPE laser temporal strategies were utilised and the duty cycle (which relates the on and off time of the laser) was varied between 50% and 100%. Beam shape indexes 0 (Gaussian), 3 and 6 (ring) were also investigated alongside more standard LPBF process parameters such as laser power and scan speed to manufacture thin porous walls, as well as fine struts. The thinnest wall obtained was 130 μm thick, while the smallest strut had a diameter of 168 μm. The duty cycle had a clear effect on the porosity of thin walls, where a duty cycle of 50% produced the highest number of porous walls and had the highest porosity due to its ability to control the intensity of the energy density during the LPBF process. The different beam shape indexes corresponded to different spatial distribution of the power density, and hence, modifying the temperature distribution in the meltpool during the laser material interaction. Beam shape index 6 (corresponding to a ring mode with lower peak irradiance) created more porous specimens and smaller meltpool sizes, with respect to its beam size. Overall, this study showed that temporal and spatial control of the beam (through duty cycle and beam shape index) are powerful tools which can control the distribution and intensity of the energy density during the LPBF process to produce thin porous structures for energy applications.
H2OAthletes study protocol: effects of hydration changes on neuromuscular function in athletes
Authors: Francisco Rúben , Jesus Filipe , Nunes Catarina L. , Santos Paulo , Alvim Marta , Campa Francesco , Schoeller Dale A. , Lukaski Henry , Mendonca Goncalo V. , Sardinha Luís Fernando Cordeiro Bettencourt , Silva Analiza Mónica Lopes de Almeida 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe aim to understand the effects of hydration changes on athletes’ neuromuscular performance, on body water compartments, fat-free mass hydration and hydration biomarkers and to test the effects of the intervention on the response of acute dehydration in the hydration indexes. The H2OAthletes study (clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT05380089) is a randomised controlled trial in thirty-eight national/international athletes of both sexes with low total water intake (WI) (i.e. < 35·0 ml/kg/d). In the intervention, participants will be randomly assigned to the control (CG, n 19) or experimental group (EG, n 19). During the 4-day intervention, WI will be maintained in the CG and increased in the EG (i.e. > 45·0 ml/kg/d). Exercise-induced dehydration protocols with thermal stress will be performed before and after the intervention. Neuromuscular performance (knee extension/flexion with electromyography and handgrip), hydration indexes (serum, urine and saliva osmolality), body water compartments and water flux (dilution techniques, body composition (four-compartment model) and biochemical parameters (vasopressin and Na) will be evaluated. This trial will provide novel evidence about the effects of hydration changes on neuromuscular function and hydration status in athletes with low WI, providing useful information for athletes and sports-related professionals aiming to improve athletic performance.
Diminishing numbers of male southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina Pinnipedia: Phocidae, Linnaeus, 1758) at the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica (1957–2022)
Authors: van den Hoff John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA proportion of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) population that breeds in the Kerguelen Plateau region seasonally migrates between their natal sub-Antarctic islands and moult haul-out locations on the Antarctic coastline. Analyses of survey data collated for one moult location at the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, showed that there had been no appreciable change in the timing (phenology) of maximum seal arrivals between 1974 and 2022; however, the maximum number of seals moulting at that site had declined by ~90% over the same time interval. Spatial analyses showed rates of population change were survey area dependent, as seal numbers decreased most rapidly at haul-out areas closest to the permanently occupied Davis Station, suggesting that a relationship exists between seal numbers and human activities. The range of potential factors that contribute to population change for southern elephant seals moulting at the Vestfold Hills includes changes in status at primary source populations, one of which has not been surveyed since the 1990s, and species relocation. Should numbers of southern elephant seals in the Vestfold Hills continue to decrease at the current average rate of change (-7.78 seals/year) the species could vanish from the area by c. 2040.
Complementarity between the updated version of the front-of-pack nutrition label Nutri-Score and the food-processing NOVA classification
Authors: Sarda Barthélemy , Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle , Deschamps Valérie , Ducrot Pauline , Galan Pilar , Hercberg Serge , Deschasaux-Tanguy Melanie , Srour Bernard , Fezeu Leopold K , Touvier Mathilde , Julia Chantal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To compare the initial and the updated versions of the front-of-pack label Nutri-Score (related to the nutritional content) with the NOVA classification (related to the degree of food processing) at the food level.

Design:
Using the OpenFoodFacts database – 129,950 food products – we assessed the complementarity between the Nutri-Score (initial and updated) with the NOVA classification through a correspondence analysis. Contingency tables between the two classification systems were used.

Settings:
The food offer in France.

Participants:
Not applicable.

Results:
With both versions (i.e. initial and updated) of the Nutri-Score, the majority of ultra-processed products received medium to poor Nutri-Score ratings (between 77·9 % and 87·5 % of ultra-processed products depending on the version of the algorithm). Overall, the update of the Nutri-Score algorithm led to a reduction in the number of products rated A and B and an increase in the number of products rated D or E for all NOVA categories, with unprocessed foods being the least impacted (–3·8 percentage points (–5·2 %) rated A or B and +1·3 percentage points (+12·9 %) rated D or E) and ultra-processed foods the most impacted (–9·8 percentage points (–43·4 %) rated A or B and +7·8 percentage points (+14·1 %) rated D or E). Among ultra-processed foods rated favourably with the initial Nutri-Score, artificially sweetened beverages, sweetened plant-based drinks and bread products were the most penalised categories by the revision of Nutri-Score while low-sugar flavoured waters, fruit and legume preparations were the least affected.

Conclusion:
These results indicate that the update of the Nutri-Score reinforces its coherence with the NOVA classification, even though both systems measure two distinct health dimensions at the food level.
Distinguishing Trajectories and Drivers of Vegetated Ecosystems in China's Loess Plateau
Authors: Wang Zhuangzhuang , Fu Bojie , Wu Xutong , Wang Shuai , Li Yingjie , Feng Yuhao , Zhang Liwei , Hu Ying , Cheng Linhai , Li Binbin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTerrestrial ecosystems can exhibit various behaviors in response to climate change and human activities. Nonlinear and abrupt shifts in ecosystems are particularly important as they indicate substantial modifications in ecosystem structure and function, posing a threat to the provision of ecosystem services. Here we distinguish between linear, curvilinear, and abrupt shifts in ecosystem productivity from 2000 to 2020 in China's Loess Plateau. We utilize spatial Random Forest models to analyze the driving factors behind these change patterns. Our findings indicate that 84.1% of the ecosystems experienced a positive change in plant productivity, while a small proportion (2.5%) exhibited a negative change. Abrupt shifts are prevalent in both positive and negative changes in ecosystem productivity, with negative changes often manifesting as abrupt shifts (79.3%). Negative changes in plant productivity, particularly the negative abrupt shifts, are primarily associated with human activities characterized by increased nighttime light and urbanization. Land conversion to forest is linked to a curvilinear trajectory in plant productivity, characterized by nonlinear changes with acceleration. Higher water availability and a wetter environment are more likely to promote positive changes in plant productivity. Moderate warming trends contribute to abrupt positive changes in plant productivity, while high warming trends are associated with increased negative abrupt and curvilinear changes. We highlight the importance of accounting for diverse change behaviors in ecosystems for the development of targeted conservation and restoration measures.