bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different Fractions of Sulphur, Their Correlations with Soil Properties and Yield of Soybean and Safflower Influenced by Long Term Fertilizers Experiment under Vertisol
Authors: Khandare Ramprasad , Shirale Sudam , Gajbhiye Bhagyaresha , Yerma Suchita 
Published: February 2024

Sulphur is an important element in Indian soils, and it has been found as a major limitation for increasing the oil seed productivity. The results emerged out from experimental field showed that 100% NPK + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 recorded significantly maximum fractions of sulphur, namely organic sulphur (37.13 mg kg-1), non-sulphate sulphur (118.28 mg kg-1), water soluble sulphur (12.28 mg kg-1), heat soluble sulphur (1.45 mg kg-1) and total sulphur (153.65 mg kg-1) followed by only application of organic manuring as FYM @ 10 t ha-1. Different sulphur fractions exhibited negative correlation with pH and EC while, found positive significant with organic carbon, available N, P, K and S. Similarly, soybean and safflower both crops produced higher yields of grain (18.30 and 8.66 q ha-1) and straw (28.70 and 27.73 q ha-1), respectively. However, higher N (131.80 kg ha-1), P (26.27 kg ha-1), K (56.44 kg ha-1), S (15.43 kg ha-1) and Zn (253.90 g ha-1 ) uptake were observed by soybean whereas, N (54.43 kg ha-1), P(16.47 kg ha-1), K( 69.90 kg ha-1), S ( 11.29 kg ha-1 ) and Zn (162.19 g ha-1) were observed by safflower in application of 100 % NPK + FYM @ 5 t ha-1.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Mortality of Hospitalized Patients with Severe COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Paulos Ricardo Antonio de , Fontes Cor Jesus Fernandes , Souto Francisco José Dutra 
Published: February 2024

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, complications, and risk factors for mortality of hospitalized patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during intensive care therapy.
Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 149 patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) from April 2020 to August 2021. Demographic characteristics, medical history, underlying comorbidities, laboratory findings, complications occurring during ICU stay, and mortality were collected and analyzed. Survival and Cox regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors associated with mortality.
Results: Out of 149 patients, 97 (65.1%) were women, and 67 of them were either pregnant or in the early postpartum period. The patients' ages ranged from 16 to 89 years, with a mean (SD) of 44.4 (18.9) years. The need for mechanical ventilation (72.5%) and the development of acute kidney injury (32.9%) were the most frequent complications. Thirty-eight (25.5%) patients died. The subgroup analysis of women showed that being pregnant/postpartum was not associated with a lower frequency of death. However, after adjustment, only increasing age (p<0.001) and a high AST-to-ALT ratio (p<0.001) were independent predictors of death. After adjustment, increasing age (p<0.001) and high AST-to-ALT ratio at admission (p<0.001) were independent predictors of death both in total sample and among women sub-group. High white blood cell count was also associated to death in the total sample analysis.
Conclusion: The most common complications among severe COVID-19 patients in the ICU were the need for mechanical ventilation and acute kidney injury. Increasing age and a high AST-to-ALT ratio at admission were independent predictors of fatality among all patients and even among pregnant/postpartum women.
Hemodynamically Unstable Pelvic Fractures: Recent Care and New Guidelines
Authors: Heetveld Martin J. , Harris Ian , Schlaphoff Glen , Balogh Zsolt , D’Amours Scott K. , Sugrue Michael 
Published: September 2004

AbstractConsistent care of hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture patients is a major management issue. It was uncertain whether the introduction of newly developed clinical practice guidelines would require much change in current delivery of care at our institution. Assessment of recent care was undertaken and compared with the newly developed evidence‐based best practice guidelines. A multidisciplinary project team developed clinical practice guidelines for determination of early optimum management of hemodynamically unstable patients with pelvic fractures. The guidelines recommend a definitive management plan to arrest hemorrhage within 30 minutes. Intra‐abdominal hemorrhage should be assessed with diagnostic peritoneal aspiration (DPA) and/or focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST). Early noninvasive stabilization of the pelvis followed by angiography within 90 minutes are recommended if intra‐abdominal hemorrhage is not found. Recent care was assessed in a historical cohort of patients, identified in a prospectively maintained trauma registry, between June 1999 and December 2001. Investigations, interventions, and times were then compared with the new guidelines. The delivery of care to 30 patients (mortality 37%, mean ISS 37.8 ± 20.9) was studied. Compared with the new guidelines, the abdominal assessment rate with DPA and/or FAST was 53% and early (< 90 minutes) angiography rate was 38%. A form of pelvic external stabilization was applied in 27% of cases. Noninvasive pelvic stabilization was not performed at all. The recent care of hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture patients was not in line with newly developed guidelines. There is an opportunity to markedly improve the rates of initial assessment of the abdomen, pelvic stabilization, and early angiography.
Time to Death and Pattern of Death in Recurrence following Curative Resection of Gastric Carcinoma: Analysis Based on Depth of Invasion
Authors: Otsuji Eigo , Kuriu Yoshiaki , Ichikawa Daisuke , Okamoto Kazuma , Ochiai Toshiya , Hagiwara Akeo , Yamagishi Hisakazu 
Published: September 2004

AbstractIt is difficult to predict recurrence in patients who undergo curative gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. If the timing and site of recurrence can be predicted, it becomes easier to detect recurrent disease. Records of 290 patients who died of tumor recurrence after curative gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed to determine whether the depth of carcinoma invasion is independently correlated with the time to death due to tumor recurrence. Additionally, the relation between the pattern of recurrence and the depth of invasion of the gastric wall was examined. Postoperative survival in patients with tumors with deep invasion was shorter than that of patients with tumors with shallow invasion. Depth of invasion was a predictor of survival on multivariate analysis. When carcinoma invaded into deeper layers, the incidence of peritoneal metastasis and local recurrence rose and that of hematogenous metastasis fell. In conclusion, the timing of death and the site of recurrence after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma might be predicted by the depth of invasion of the gastric wall.
Treatment and Risk Factors for Recurrence after Curative Resection of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors of the Stomach
Authors: Mochizuki Yoshinari , Kodera Yasuhiro , Ito Seiji , Yamamura Yoshitaka , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Shimizu Yasuhiro , Hirai Takashi , Yasui Kenzo , Inada Ken‐ichi , Kato Tomoyuki 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe current definitive treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the stomach is complete resection. GIST has a highly variable clinical course, and recurrent disease sometimes develops despite curative treatment. Although several known risk factors for recurrence exist, adequate treatment strategies are lacking. This study evaluated factors associated with relapse after curative treatment. Sixty patients with gastric GIST were identified from a hospital disease registry database. Clinicopathologic characteristics of these patients were reviewed and the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify recurrent risk factors. With a median follow‐up of 60 months (range 5–286 months), recurrence occurred in eight (13%) patients, three of whom underwent resection of the recurrent disease and are alive to date. Univariate analysis demonstrated that invasion of the adjacent organs (p = 0.0005), tumor size (p = 0.0046), and expression of proliferative markers [MIB‐1 proliferative index (PI) ≥ 10%] (p = 0.0001) were significant risk factors for recurrence. Multivariate analysis with these three factors as variables revealed that only MIB‐1 PI was a significant independent risk factor for recurrence (p = 0.0051). In conclusion, surgical resection may be indicated whenever a recurrent GIST is considered resectable. A high MIB‐1 PI was identified as an independent indicator of risk for recurrent disease following curative surgery.
Richard Lower, M.D., Physician and Surgeon (1631–1691)
Authors: Donovan Arthur J. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractRichard Lower (1631–1691) was a follower of William Harvey and conducted extensive studies of the physiology of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. He employed surgery as a key component of his experimental work. He described and employed cardiac massage and maintained arterial oxygenation through positive‐pressure respiration. Making good use of these procedures, he established the role of the lungs in the “admixture of air” to the blood. Lower performed exchange transfusion in dogs and transfused the blood of a sheep into a human. He recognized the role of blood transfusion in replacing blood lost from hemorrhage or other causes. In his work on exchange transfusion, he employed extracorporeal vascular conduits, including arterial heterografts. Through surgical experiments he established that all mesenteric lymph passes through the thoracic duct to the subclavian vein. He performed a variety of procedures through an open thorax, closed the thoracotomy, and observed the animals over a period of days. Lower has not received the recognition he deserves as a pioneer surgical investigator.
Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity: NO to the rescue
Authors: Wallace John L 
Published: September 2004

Severe liver injury as a result of overdose or chronic use of acetaminophen (paracetamol) remains a significant clinical problem, accounting for as much as 40% of cases of acute liver failure. The mechanisms underlying the liver injury caused by acetaminophen have become much better understood in recent years. In this issue, Fiorucci et al. report that delivery of nitric oxide (NO) in small amounts to the liver, via a novel derivative of the bile acid ursodeoxycholic acid, results in significant protection of the liver from acetaminophen‐induced damage. NO appears to produce these beneficial actions through several mechanisms, including the suppression of synthesis of several proinflammatory cytokines. There is also substantial evidence that a NO‐releasing derivative of acetaminophen offers several advantages over acetaminophen itself, including enhanced analgesic potency and reduced liver toxicity. British Journal of Pharmacology (2004) 143, 1–2. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705781
Differential agonist sensitivity of glycine receptor α2 subunit splice variants
Authors: Miller Paul S , Harvey Robert J , Smart Trevor G 
Published: September 2004

The glycine receptor (GlyR) α2A and α2B splice variants differ by a dual, adjacent amino acid substitution from α2AV58,T59 to α2BI58,A59 in the N‐terminal extracellular domain.
Comparing the effects of the GlyR agonists, glycine, β‐alanine and taurine, on the GlyR α2 isoforms, revealed a significant increase in potency for all three agonists at the α2B variant.
The sensitivities of the splice variants to the competitive antagonist, strychnine, and to the biphasic modulator Zn2+, were comparable. In contrast, the allosteric inhibitor picrotoxin was more potent on GlyR α2A compared to GlyR α2B receptors.
Coexpression of α2A or α2B subunits with the GlyR β subunit revealed that the higher agonist potencies observed with the α2B homomer were retained for the α2Bβ heteromer.
The identical sensitivity to strychnine combined with a reduction in the maximum current induced by the partial agonist taurine at the GlyR α2A homomer, suggested that the changed sensitivity to agonists is in accordance with a modulation of agonist efficacy rather than agonist affinity.
An effect on agonist efficacy was also supported by using a structural model of the GlyR, localising the region of splice variation to the proposed docking region between GlyR loop 2 and the TM2‐3 loop, an area associated with channel activation.
The existence of a spasmodic mouse phenotype linked to a GlyR α1A52S mutation, the equivalent position to the source of the α2 splice variation, raises the possibility that the GlyR α2 splice variants may be responsible for distinct roles in neuronal function.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2004) 143, 19–26. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705875
Serum albumin induces iNOS expression and NO production in RAW 267.4 macrophages
Authors: Poteser Michael , Wakabayashi Ichiro 
Published: September 2004

We investigated the effects of serum albumin on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in RAW 267.4 macrophages. Crude fraction‐V type albumin as well as bovine serum albumin filtrated for endotoxin induced concentration‐dependent iNOS expression in macrophages. Accordingly, NO production (estimated by supernatant nitrite) was markedly (up to 10‐fold) increased in the presence of albumin.
Albumin‐induced expression of iNOS protein was inhibited by cycloheximide and NO production was abolished after incubation of the cells with an iNOS inhibitor, NG‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine (LNMMA).
An inhibitor of the NF‐κB pathway, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), as well as inhibitors of JAK2/STAT and ERK, AG490 and U0126, respectively, significantly reduced albumin‐induced iNOS expression and NO production, while an inhibitor of the p38 pathway, SB203580, did not significantly affect NO production induced by albumin.
Both types of serum albumin were contaminated with traces of endotoxin. The endotoxin levels were found not to be sufficient for the observed induction of nitrite production in RAW 267.4 cells. In addition, the albumin‐stimulated induction of iNOS was not reduced by preincubation of albumin‐containing media with polymyxin B, a LPS inhibitor.
Polymerised albumin fractions were detected in the commercially available albumin tested in this study. A monomeric albumin‐rich fraction, separated by ultrafiltration, showed a potent inducing effect on iNOS expression and NO production, while a polymer‐rich fraction showed a smaller effect.
Advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) of albumin were not formed by interaction with glucose in incubation medium, as AGE was not increased even after long‐time (4 weeks) incubation in albumin‐containing media [3.2–4.4 μg ml−1 (basal) vs 4.8–5.6 μg ml−1 (in glucose‐containing media)]. However, the duration of albumin exposure to glucose influenced the basal stimulatory properties of albumin.
Our results suggest that serum albumin fractions, as gained by cold alcoholic extraction, may include determinants that stimulate or further enhance stimulation of RAW 267.4 cells and are different from endotoxin, polymeric albumin and AGE.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2004) 143, 143–151. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705897
Effect of a neuroprotective drug, eliprodil on cardiac repolarisation: importance of the decreased repolarisation reserve in the development of proarrhythmic risk
Authors: Lengyel Csaba , Dézsi László , Biliczki Péter , Horváth Csilla , Virág László , Iost Norbert , Németh Miklós , Tálosi László , Papp Julius Gy , Varró András 
Published: September 2004

The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of eliprodil, a noncardiac drug with neuroprotective properties, on the cardiac repolarisation under in vitro circumstances, under normal conditions and after the attenuation of the ‘repolarisation reserve’ by blocking the inward rectifier potassium current (IK1) current with BaCl2.
In canine right ventricular papillary muscle by applying the conventional microelectrode technique, under normal conditions, eliprodil (1 μM) produced a moderate reverse rate‐dependent prolongation of the action potential duration (7.4±1.5, 8.9±2.1 and 9.9±1.8% at cycle lengths of 300, 1000 and 5000 ms, respectively; n=9).
This effect was augmented in preparations where IK1 was previously blocked by BaCl2 (10 μM). BaCl2 alone lengthened APD in a reverse frequency‐dependent manner (7.0±1.3, 14.2±1.6 and 28.1±2.1% at cycle lengths of 300, 1000 and 5000 ms, respectively; n=8). When eliprodil (1 μM) was administered to these preparations, the drug induced a marked further lengthening relative to the APD values measured after the administration of BaCl2 (12.5±1.0, 17.6±1.5 and 20.5±0.9% at cycle lengths of 300, 1000 and 5000 ms, respectively; n=8).
In the normal Langendorff‐perfused rabbit heart, eliprodil (1 μM) produced a significant QTc prolongation at 1 Hz stimulation frequency (12.7±1.8%, n=9). After the attenuation of the ‘repolarisation reserve’ by the IK1 blocker BaCl2 (10 μM), the eliprodil‐evoked QTc prolongation was greatly enhanced (28.5±7.9%, n=6). In two out of six Langendorff preparations, this QTc lengthening degenerated into torsade de pointes ventricular tachycardia.
Eliprodil significantly decreased the amplitude of rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr), but slow component (IKs), transient outward current (Ito) and IK1 were not considerably affected by the drug when measured in dog ventricular myocytes by applying the whole‐cell configuration of the patch‐clamp technique.
The results indicate that eliprodil, under normal conditions, moderately lengthens cardiac repolarisation by inhibition of IKr. However, after the attenuation of the normal ‘repolarisation reserve’, this drug can induce marked QT interval prolongation, which may result in proarrhythmic action.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2004) 143, 152–158. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705901
The NOP (ORL1) receptor antagonist Compound B stimulates mesolimbic dopamine release and is rewarding in mice by a non‐NOP‐receptor‐mediated mechanism
Authors: Koizumi Miwako , Sakoori Kazuto , Midorikawa Naoko , Murphy Niall P 
Published: September 2004

Compound B (1‐[(3R, 4R)‐1‐cyclooctylmethyl‐3‐hydroxymethyl‐4‐piperidyl]‐3‐ethyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2H‐benzimidazol‐2‐one, CompB) is a nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) antagonist showing high selectivity for the NOP (ORL1) receptor over classical opioid receptors. We studied the effect of subcutaneous CompB administration on the release of mesolimbic dopamine (DA) and the expression of hedonia in mice.
CompB (0.3–30 mg kg−1) dose dependently stimulated mesolimbic DA release as measured by in vivo freely moving microdialysis, without any change in locomotor activity. However, intracerebroventricular administered N/OFQ (endogenous agonist of the NOP receptor, 6 nmol) did not influence CompB‐ (10 mg kg−1) induced DA release, despite clearly suppressing release when administered alone.
Studies using NOP receptor knockout mice and no‐net‐flux microdialysis revealed mildly, but not statistically significantly higher endogenous DA levels in mice lacking the NOP receptor compared to wild‐type mice. Administration of CompB (10 mg kg−1) induced identical increases in mesolimbic DA release in wild‐type and NOP receptor knockout mice.
CompB was rewarding in approximately the same dose range in which CompB induced major increases in mesolimbic DA release when assayed using a conditioned place preference paradigm. The rewarding effect of CompB (30 mg kg−1) was maintained in NOP receptor knockout mice.
These results show that CompB stimulates mesolimbic DA release and is rewarding by an action independent of the NOP receptor, the precise site of which is unclear. Consequently, caution should be exercised when interpreting the results of studies using this drug, particularly when administered by a peripheral route.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2004) 143, 53–62. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705906
In vitro and in vivo characterization of a novel naphthylamide ATP‐sensitive K+ channel opener, A‐151892
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Murali , Buckner Steven A , Shieh Char‐Chang , Fey Thomas , Fabiyi Adebola , Whiteaker Kristi L , Davis‐Taber Rachel , Milicic Ivan , Daza Anthony V , Scott Victoria E S , Castle Neil A , Printzenhoff David , London Brecht , Turner Sean C , Carroll William A , Sullivan James P , Coghlan Michael J , Brune Michael E 
Published: September 2004

Openers of ATP‐sensitive K+ channels are of interest in several therapeutic indications including overactive bladder and other lower urinary tract disorders. This study reports on the in vitro and in vivo characterization of a structurally novel naphthylamide N‐[2‐(2,2,2‐trifluoro‐1‐hydroxy‐1‐trifluoromethyl‐ethyl)‐naphthalen‐1‐yl]‐acetamide (A‐151892), as an opener of the ATP‐sensitive potassium channels.
A‐151892 was found to be a potent and efficacious potassium channel opener (KCO) as assessed by glibenclamide‐sensitive whole‐cell current and fluorescence‐based membrane potential responses (−log EC50=7.63) in guinea‐pig bladder smooth muscle cells.
Evidence for direct interaction with KCO binding sites was derived from displacement of binding of the 1,4‐dihydropyridine opener [125I]A‐312110. A‐151892 displaced [125I]A‐312110 binding to bladder membranes with a −log Ki value of 7.45, but lacked affinity against over 70 neurotransmitter receptor and ion channel binding sites.
In pig bladder strips, A‐151892 suppressed phasic, carbachol‐evoked and electrical field stimulus‐evoked contractility in a glibenclamide‐reversible manner with −log IC50 values of 8.07, 7.33 and 7.02 respectively, comparable to that of the potencies of the prototypical cyanoguanidine KCO, P1075. The potencies to suppress contractions in thoracic aorta (−log IC50=7.81) and portal vein (−log IC50=7.98) were not substantially different from those observed for suppression of phasic contractility of the bladder smooth muscle.
In vivo, A‐151892 was found to potently suppress unstable bladder contractions in obstructed models of unstable contractions in both pigs and rats with pED35% values of 8.05 and 7.43, respectively.
These results demonstrate that naphthylamide analogs exemplified by A‐151892 are novel KATP channel openers and may serve as chemotypes to exploit additional analogs with potential for the treatment of overactive bladder and lower urinary tract symptoms.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2004) 143, 81–90. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705908