bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Raman spectroscopy of astrobiology relevant bio‐samples and planetary surface analogs under UV–VIS–IR excitation
Authors: Hanke Franziska , Böttger Ute , Pohl Andreas , Irmscher Klaus , Pavlov Sergey G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigated the potential of a laser selection in the broad optical range, from ultraviolet through visible to infrared (excitation wavelengths of 325, 532, 785, and 1064 nm) for combined analysis of Earth‐relevant extremophiles (Xanthoria elegans, Buellia frigida, and green alga of Circinaria gyrosa), carbohydrate molecules, as well as Mars and Moon surface regolith simulants as analog mineral mixtures (P‐MRS, S‐MRS, LRS, and JSC‐1). We show that the optimization of the laser photon energy provides (for at least one of the chosen excitation wavelengths) high‐end quality Raman spectra for each examined sample. In most cases, the infrared spectral range is advanced for biological samples, while an excitation in the visible and ultraviolet spectral range is often favorable or at least sufficient for accurate identification/resolution of mineral phases under the illuminated laser spot on the planetary surface simulants. Ultraviolet excitation does not always deliver significant contrast of the Raman Stokes responses to the induced photoluminescence in the studied biomolecules. Most prominent features in the Raman spectra of the biological samples are assigned to their specific pigments, also considered as biomolecular signatures of the extremophiles. The critical issue of specific advantages and limitations of each particular excitation source implies study for gaining scientific return from Raman spectroscopy for exobiological prospecting, for instance, the best trade between a single or dual excitation wavelength(s) for both biological and geological spectral data.
Comparison of laparoscopic lateral lymph node dissection for rectal cancer with and without routine resection of the visceral branches of internal iliac artery
Authors: Xiao Jianlin , Zhang Xubing , Gu Chaoyang , Yang Xuyang , Meng Wenjian , Wei Mingtian , Wang Ziqiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to explore the safety and feasibility of the modified lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) with routine resection of the visceral branches of internal iliac vessels (IIVs) for mid‐low‐lying rectal cancer.Materials and MethodConsecutive patients undergoing LLND for rectal cancer were divided into the routine visceral branches of the IIVs resection group (RVR group) and the NRVR group (without routine resection). The main outcomes were postoperative complications and the number of lateral lymph nodes harvested.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2021, a total of 75 and 57 patients were included in the RVR and NRVR group, respectively. The operative time was reduced in the RVR group (p = 0.020). No significant difference was observed between the two groups for the incidence of total, major, or minor postoperative complications. Pathologically confirmed LLNM were 24 (32%) patients in the RVR group and 12 (21.1%) in the NRVR group (p = 0.162). The number of lateral lymph nodes harvested had no significant difference between two groups (11 vs. 12, p = 0.329).ConclusionLLND with routine resection of visceral branches of IIVs is safe and feasible, which brings no major complication or long‐term urinary disorder.
Ovine model of congenital chest wall and spine deformity: From birth to 3 months follow‐up
Authors: Shen Jesse , Samson Nathalie , Lamontagne‐Proulx Jérôme , Soulet Denis , Tremblay Yves , Bazin Marc , Nadeau Charlène , Bouchard Sarah , Praud Jean‐Paul , Parent Stefan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe evolution and treatment of lung alterations related to congenital spine and chest wall deformities (CWD) are poorly understood. Most animal models of CWD created postnatally were not evaluated for respiratory function. The goal of our study was to evaluate the effects of a CWD induced in utero on lung growth and function in an ovine model.MethodsA CWD was induced in utero at 70–75 days of gestation in 14 ovine fetuses by resection of the 7th and 8th left ribs. Each non‐operated twin fetus was taken as control. Respiratory mechanics was studied postnatally in the first week and at 1, 2, and 3 months. Post‐mortem respiratory mechanics and lung histomorphometry were also assessed at 3 months.ResultsEight out of 14 CWD lambs (57%) and 14 control lambs survived the postnatal period. One severe and five mild deformities were induced. At birth, inspiratory capacity (25 vs. 32 mL/kg in controls), and dynamic (1.4 vs. 1.8 mL/cmH2O/kg), and static (2.0 vs. 2.5 mL/cmH2O/kg) respiratory system compliances were decreased in CWD lambs. Apart from a slight decrease in inspiratory capacity at 1 month of life, no other differences were observed in respiratory mechanics measured in vivo thereafter. Postmortem measurements found a significant decrease in lung compliance—for each lung and for both lungs taken together—in CWD lambs. No differences in lung histology were detected at 3 months in CWD animals compared to controls.ConclusionsOur study is the first to assess the effects of a prenatally induced CWD on lung development and function from birth to 3 months in an ovine model. Our results show no significant differences in lung histomorphometry at 3 months in CWD lambs compared to controls. Resolution at 1 month of the alterations in respiratory mechanics present at birth may be related to the challenge in inducing severe deformities.
SIRT3 enhances the protective effect of Xyloketal B on seizure‐induced brain injury by regulating AMPK/mTOR signaling‐mediated autophagy
Authors: Chen Fen‐Fang , Liu Jian‐Feng , Zhou Di‐Mi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBrain damage in children due to seizures is irreversible and has been a major public health concern. The herbal monomer Xyloketal B (Xyl‐B) can be used as a neuroprotective drug because of its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti‐inflammatory effects but with few adverse effects. In this article, we constructed a rat developmental convulsion model and a primary hippocampal neuronal cell convulsion model, through which we studied hippocampal neuronal morphology and neuronal apoptosis using H&E staining and TUNEL staining, respectively. Moreover, we measured TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β inflammatory factor levels using ELISA, MDA, and SOD kits. The expression of SIRT3 in hippocampal tissues was determined by qPCR and Western blotting. The expression of autophagy‐related proteins such as LC3, p62, and Beclin‐1 was evaluated by Western blotting or immunohistochemistry. The role of SIRT3 and autophagic activity with Xyl‐B in convulsive seizure‐induced brain injury was investigated by knocking down SIRT3 expression levels. Our results showed that Xyl‐B plays a neuroprotective role in convulsive seizure‐induced brain injury by increasing SIRT3 expression and activating the autophagy pathway. The regulatory role of SIRT3 in the autophagy pathway with Xyl‐B treatment was explored by knocking down SIRT3 expression and inhibiting autophagy. Our results revealed that SIRT3 enhances the protective effect of Xyl‐B against postconvulsive brain injury by regulating AMPK/mTOR signaling‐mediated autophagy.
TLR9 regulates the autophagy–lysosome pathway to promote dendritic cell maturation and activation by activating the TRAF6‐cGAS‐STING pathway
Authors: Liu Ying , Wei Fang‐Zhi , Zhan Yu‐Wei , Wang Ru , Mo Bi‐Yao , Lin Shu‐Dian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDysregulated maturation and activation of dendritic cells (DCs) play a significant role in the progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The autophagy–lysosome pathway has been identified as a potential mechanism to inhibit DC activation and maturation, but its precise workings remain unclear. We investigated the role and regulatory mechanism of TLR9 in modulating the autophagy–lysosome pathway and DCs activation. The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed using qRT‐PCR and/or western blot. NZBW/F1 mice was used to construct a lupus nephritis (LN) model in vivo. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL staining. Flow cytometry was adopted to analyze DCs surface markers. Lyso‐tracker red staining was employed to analyze lysosome acidification. Levels of anti‐dsDNA, cytokines, C3, C4, urine protein and urine creatinine were examined by ELISA. The results showed that TLR9 was markedly increased in SLE patients, and its expression was positively correlated with SLEDAI scores and dsDNA level. Conversely, TLR9 expression showed a negative correlation with C3 and C4 levels. Loss‐of function experiments demonstrated that TLR9 depletion exerted a substantial inhibition of renal injury, inflammation, and DCs numbers. Additionally, upregulation of TLR9 promoted DCs maturation and activation through activation of autophagy and lysosome acidification. Further investigation revealed that TLR9 targeted TRAF6 to activate the cGAS‐STING pathway. Rescue experiments revealed that inactivation of the cGAS/STING signaling pathway could reverse the promoting effects of TLR9 upregulation on DCs maturation, activation, and autophagy–lysosome pathway. Overall, our findings suggested that TLR9 activated the autophagy–lysosome pathway to promote DCs maturation and activation by activating TRAF6‐cGAS‐STING pathway, thereby promoting SLE progression.
A significant change in sea ice diffuse attenuation coefficient with temperature and its implications for the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Zhang Yu , Xu Zhantang , Ehn Jens K. , Diaz Aura , Yang Yuezhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSea ice transparency is essential to the ecology of the ice‐covered sea. Research suggests that the diffuse attenuation coefficient of downwelling irradiance () varies with ice temperature (); however, the characteristics of its response are not well understood yet, particularly from a quantitative perspective. In an attempt to fill this gap, three independent laboratory experiments were performed between 2016 and 2022 to investigate the variations of with changing . Validation experiments were further performed in Liaodong Bay in 2018 and 2022. To explore the dominant factors controlling this phenomenon, corresponding changes in scattering properties were estimated through a two‐stream radiative transfer model. To examine its implications for local ice algal primary production and radiation transport, of Arctic sea ice was parameterized as a function of . Our results from the laboratory and field experiments showed that decreases (increases) with ice warming (cooling), and a 1°C change in results in a 0.29 m−1 average change in . The response of to between −9°C and −2°C is more notable than that observed between −24°C and −9°C. This is associated with the different variations in the scattering properties of sea ice. It reveals a significant effect on ice algal primary production under severe light‐limited conditions but a weaker effect on radiation transport. Knowledge of this ‐temperature dependence would further improve our understanding of the optical properties of sea ice and the parameterization of ice transparency in large‐scale climate models.
Strategies for dynamic pricing competition between differentiated sellers: Considering platform fees and strategic consumers
Authors: Chen Haijun , Xu Qi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the dynamic realm of the platform economy, the intricate relationship between platform charging mechanisms, seller tactics, and consumer behavior is crucial. This study delves into this relationship by constructing a two‐period dynamic game model, examining how different platform charging approaches impact pricing strategies among two distinct sellers, all while considering consumer strategic actions. Our findings reveal that the combination of seller quality differentiation and platform charging methods profoundly shapes consumer strategic actions. Interestingly, strategic consumers do not invariably harm seller profits. In specific settings, such as when using a revenue‐sharing model with slight quality differentiation, high‐quality sellers might even reap greater benefits than when dealing with short‐sighted consumers. Moreover, the decision for sellers to adhere to a specific price isn't always advantageous. For instance, under a revenue‐sharing model with limited competition, a price commitment from a lower quality seller might backfire. Additionally, in scenarios with a fixed‐fee model, there's a noticeable lack of incentive for differentiated sellers to commit to prices. This study accentuates the subtle yet significant influence of consumer strategic actions on seller profits in the platform economy context. It underscores the imperative for both sellers and platforms to remain vigilant and adaptive, ensuring their strategies resonate with the ever‐evolving consumer behaviors.
What can we gain from subpopulation universal pulses? A simulation‐based study
Authors: Tyshchenko Igor , Lévy Simon , Jin Jin , Tahayori Bahman , Blunck Yasmin , Johnston Leigh A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the study was to explore a novel methodology for designing universal pulses (UPs) that balances the benefits of a calibration‐free approach with subject‐specific online pulse design.MethodsThe proposed method involves segmenting the population into subpopulations with variability in anatomical shapes and positions reduced to 75%, 50%, and 25% of their original values while keeping the mean values unchanged. An additional 25% extreme case with a large volume of interest and shifted position was included. For each group, a 5kT‐points universal inversion pulse was designed and assessed by the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) on the target longitudinal magnetization profile. The performance was compared to the conventional one‐size‐fits‐all approach. A total of 132 electromagnetic simulations were executed to generate representative anatomies and specific absorption rate (SAR) distributions in a three‐dimensional parameter space comprised of head breadth, head length, and Y‐shift. The 99.9th percentile on the peak local SAR distribution was utilized to establish an intersubject variability safety margin.ResultsUPs designed for subpopulations with decreased head shape and position variability reduced the anatomical safety margin by up to 20%. Furthermore, when a head was significantly different to the average case, the proposed approach improved the inversion homogeneity by up to 24%, compared to the conventional one‐size‐fits‐all approach.ConclusionSubpopulation UPs present an opportunity to improve the homogeneity and reduce anatomical SAR safety margins at 7T without additional acquisition time for calibration.
Influence of patient head definition on induced E‐fields during MR examination
Authors: Goren Tolga , Reboux Sylvain , Farcito Silvia , Lloyd Bryn , Kuster Niels 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeRadiofrequency (RF) exposure during MR examination is limited by IEC 60601‐2‐33 to prevent thermal hazards to patients. These limits are also the basis to derive the maximum induced field for the demonstration of MR safety of implants per ISO/TS 10974 (2018). One limit is the head‐averaged specific absorption rate (SAR), for which the head extent is defined differently by MR and implant vendors. The purpose of this technical note is to inform MR safety stakeholders on the sensitivity of safety evaluations due to different head extent definitions.MethodsRF distributions from the validated MRIxViP exposure libraries of 12 high‐resolution human anatomical models were scaled to the normative SAR limits for different definitions of the head extent to compare the corresponding induced SAR and electric (E‐)field levels.ResultsThe definitions of the head extent used by major implant vendors and defined in ISO/TS 10974 (2018) are larger than those introduced in IEC 60601‐2‐33 (2022), resulting in lower RF head exposure by up to 2.4 dB (factor 1.7). Other proposed definitions of the head result in intermediate values.ConclusionThe different head extents result in different maximum RF exposures affecting the risk assessment by up to a factor of 1.7. The results of this study can be used to estimate the additional uncertainty in safety assessments. Future revisions of MR standards should eliminate this inconsistency.
Characterization of HOXB13 expression patterns in localized and metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Patel Radhika A , Sayar Erolcan , Coleman Ilsa , Roudier Martine P , Hanratty Brian , Low Jin‐Yih , Jaiswal Neha , Ajkunic Azra , Dumpit Ruth , Ercan Caner , Salama Nina , O'Brien Valerie P , Isaacs William B , Epstein Jonathan I , De Marzo Angelo M , Trock Bruce J , Luo Jun , Brennen W Nathaniel , Tretiakova Maria , Vakar‐Lopez Funda , True Lawrence D , Goodrich David W , Corey Eva , Morrissey Colm , Nelson Peter S , Hurley Paula J , Gulati Roman , Haffner Michael C 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHOXB13 is a key lineage homeobox transcription factor that plays a critical role in the differentiation of the prostate gland. Several studies have suggested that HOXB13 alterations may be involved in prostate cancer development and progression. Despite its potential biological relevance, little is known about the expression of HOXB13 across the disease spectrum of prostate cancer. To this end, we validated a HOXB13 antibody using genetic controls and investigated HOXB13 protein expression in murine and human developing prostates, localized prostate cancers, and metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancers. We observed that HOXB13 expression increases during later stages of murine prostate development. All localized prostate cancers showed HOXB13 protein expression. Interestingly, lower HOXB13 expression levels were observed in higher‐grade tumors, although no significant association between HOXB13 expression and recurrence or disease‐specific survival was found. In advanced metastatic prostate cancers, HOXB13 expression was retained in the majority of tumors. While we observed lower levels of HOXB13 protein and mRNA levels in tumors with evidence of lineage plasticity, 84% of androgen receptor‐negative castration‐resistant prostate cancers and neuroendocrine prostate cancers (NEPCs) retained detectable levels of HOXB13. Notably, the reduced expression observed in NEPCs was associated with a gain of HOXB13 gene body CpG methylation. In comparison to the commonly used prostate lineage marker NKX3.1, HOXB13 showed greater sensitivity in detecting advanced metastatic prostate cancers. Additionally, in a cohort of 837 patients, 383 with prostatic and 454 with non‐prostatic tumors, we found that HOXB13 immunohistochemistry had a 97% sensitivity and 99% specificity for prostatic origin. Taken together, our studies provide valuable insight into the expression pattern of HOXB13 during prostate development and cancer progression. Furthermore, our findings support the utility of HOXB13 as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer, particularly to confirm the prostatic origin of advanced metastatic castration‐resistant tumors. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Causality and functional relevance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants in non‐high‐grade serous ovarian carcinomas
Authors: Kramer CJH , Lanjouw L , Ruano D , ter Elst A , Santandrea G , Solleveld‐Westerink N , Werner N , van der Hout AH , de Kroon CD , van Wezel T , Berger LPV , Jalving M , Wesseling J , Smit VTHBM , de Bock GH , van Asperen CJ , Mourits MJE , Vreeswijk MPG , Bart J , Bosse T 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe identification of causal BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs) in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) aids the selection of patients for genetic counselling and treatment decision‐making. Current recommendations therefore stress sequencing of all EOCs, regardless of histotype. Although it is recognised that BRCA1/2 PVs cluster in high‐grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC), this view is largely unsubstantiated by detailed analysis. Here, we aimed to analyse the results of BRCA1/2 tumour sequencing in a centrally revised, consecutive, prospective series including all EOC histotypes. Sequencing of n = 946 EOCs revealed BRCA1/2 PVs in 125 samples (13%), only eight of which were found in non‐HGSOC histotypes. Specifically, BRCA1/2 PVs were identified in high‐grade endometrioid (3/20; 15%), low‐grade endometrioid (1/40; 2.5%), low‐grade serous (3/67; 4.5%), and clear cell (1/64; 1.6%) EOCs. No PVs were identified in any mucinous ovarian carcinomas tested. By re‐evaluation and using loss of heterozygosity and homologous recombination deficiency analyses, we then assessed: (1) whether the eight ‘anomalous’ cases were potentially histologically misclassified and (2) whether the identified variants were likely causal in carcinogenesis. The first ‘anomalous’ non‐HGSOC with a BRCA1/2 PV proved to be a misdiagnosed HGSOC. Next, germline BRCA2 variants, found in two p53‐abnormal high‐grade endometrioid tumours, showed substantial evidence supporting causality. One additional, likely causal variant, found in a p53‐wildtype low‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma, was of somatic origin. The remaining cases showed retention of the BRCA1/2 wildtype allele, suggestive of non‐causal secondary passenger variants. We conclude that likely causal BRCA1/2 variants are present in high‐grade endometrioid tumours but are absent from the other EOC histotypes tested. Although the findings require validation, these results seem to justify a transition from universal to histotype‐directed sequencing. Furthermore, in‐depth functional analysis of tumours harbouring BRCA1/2 variants combined with detailed revision of cancer histotypes can serve as a model in other BRCA1/2‐related cancers. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Effectiveness of a guided online primary care intervention for fear of cancer recurrence: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Luigjes‐Huizer Yvonne L. , Helsper Charles W. , de Wit Niek J. , van der Lee Marije L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveFear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR) is highly prevalent among cancer survivors and leads to decreased quality of life and increased healthcare costs. We assessed the effectiveness of a guided online primary care intervention for FCR, compared to waiting list.MethodsIn this RCT, participants were recruited online and randomised 1:1. All adults who finished successful curative cancer treatment between 3 months and 10 years ago, wanted support for FCR, and had sufficient Dutch skills were eligible. The intervention consisted of a 10‐week online programme and three to five video calling sessions with a trained mental health worker. After 6 months, the control group received the same intervention. The primary outcome was the difference between the groups in the change in FCR severity from baseline (T0) to 6 months (T2), measured online with the short form of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory.ResultsOne hundred and seventy‐three participants were enroled and randomised to the intervention (n = 86) or control group (n = 87). FCR severity dropped 2.1 points more in the intervention group than in the control group (2.7 points (SD = 3.9) versus 0.6 points (SD = 3.6), t(154) = 3.4, p = 0.0007). General mental well‐being also improved significantly in the intervention group and remained stable in the control group. These improvements remained at 10 months follow up.ConclusionsThis easily accessible and relatively inexpensive intervention effectively reduces FCR and has potential to replace or precede existing more intensive psychological treatments, improving patients' access to care.Trial registrationThe trial was prospectively registered in the Netherlands Trial Register on 25‐02‐2019 with number NL7573.