bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro activity of clindamycin, doxycycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole against clinical isolates of β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. via BD Phoenix and broth microdilution
Authors: Cho Christian , Shields Ryan K , Kline Ellen G , Walsh Thomas L. , Jones Chelsea E. , Kasarda Karen , Stefano Kelly , Moffa Matthew A. , Bremmer Derek N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We tested 85 isolates of β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), clindamycin, and doxycycline by broth microdilution (BMD) and BD Phoenix. Susceptibility rates via BMD for TMP/SMX, clindamycin, and doxycycline were 100%, 85.5%, and 56.6%, respectively. TMP/SMX is a potential monotherapy agent for β-hemolytic Streptococcus skin and soft tissue infections.
Counting geodesics of given commutator length
Authors: Erlandsson Viveka , Souto Juan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLet$\Sigma $be a closed hyperbolic surface. We study, for fixedg, the asymptotics of the number of those periodic geodesics in$\Sigma $having at most lengthLand which can be written as the product ofgcommutators. The basic idea is to reduce these results to being able to count critical realizations of trivalent graphs in$\Sigma $. In the appendix, we use the same strategy to give a proof of Huber’s geometric prime number theorem.
The Achilles Heel of Constitutional Jurisprudence: Conceptualization of Minority Rights by Constitutional Courts in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Korhecz Tamás , Nagy Noémi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe minority question has long been a hot topic in Central and Eastern Europe. Whereas most CEE countries guarantee the privileged position of the dominant nation, they also recognize the existence of national minorities and provide special rights for them. Hence there is an apparent contradiction between the values of the nation-states: unity and diversity. This article proposes that to resolve this contradiction, it is necessary to define the concept, scope and limitations of group-specific minority rights, as well as their relationship with other human rights and the nation-state. Constitutional courts are appropriate candidates for this task. However, based on our analysis of the relevant constitutional jurisprudence of five CEE countries – Croatia, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, and Slovenia – it seems that constitutional courts in the region have failed to properly conceptualize minority rights. Instead of developing appropriate tests for assessing the constitutionality of legal regulations, they have only superficially touched upon the conceptual issues of minority rights, using incidental, case-by-case arguments to justify the (un)constitutionality of the legal provisions. Therefore, this article also attempts to outline a constitutionality test that may be suitable for constitutional courts to consistently evaluate submissions that challenge the constitutionality of laws on minority rights.
Kant on Free Speech: Criticism, Enlightenment, and the Exercise of Judgement in the Public Sphere
Authors: Sweet Kristi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this article, I offer a novel and in-depth account of how, for Kant, free speech is the mechanism that moves a society closer to justice. I argue that the criticism of the legislator preserved by free speech must also be the result of collective agreement. I further argue that structural features of judgements of taste and the sensus communis give guidance for how we should communicate publicly to succeed at the aims Kant has laid out, as judgements of taste, like politics, belong fundamentally to a transitional sphere between nature and freedom.
“The Best Songs Came from the Gutters”: Tin Pan Alley and the Birth of Manhattan Mass Culture
Authors: Backer Samuel E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the early twentieth century, the publishers of Tin Pan Alley revolutionized American music. Focused on the dissemination of a constantly changing set of attention-grabbing songs, leading companies dramatically expanded the market for popular compositions, generating hits that sold millions of copies of sheet music to customers across the country. While publishers aimed at this continental audience, their output was shaped by the urban context in which their businesses first emerged. During these years, local popularity was crucial to national success. As a result, firms sought to engage with new audiences throughout Manhattan, incorporating a host of social and ethnic groups into the structures of commercial entertainment. Over time, Tin Pan Alley’s relationship to these groups—and the distinctive leisure spaces in which they gathered—would define its musical production. It was not simply that publishers molded songs to fit public taste. Rather, the industry and the broader world of commercial entertainment developed together. By exploring this business-influenced process of cultural change, it is possible to gain new perspective on the emergence of American popular song, as well as the consumption-driven dynamics remaking society in the Progressive Era in the United States.
“Speculative Imaginations”: Listening to 1889, Then and Now
Authors: Stephens Carlene E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn an examination of three cylinder recordings from 1889, this essay compares the context for their original production with the experience of hearing them again in 2019, thanks to IRENE, a twenty-first century suite of state-of-the-art techniques and equipment designed to recover sound from old recordings otherwise considered unplayable. This pairing offers an opportunity to examine how each period envisioned the technical opportunities and social purpose of these new sound technologies in their respective times. Inspired by the work of Sheila Jasanoff and others who have developed the concept of “sociotechnical imaginaries,” this analysis focuses on the role of listeners’ imaginations and asks how their notions shaped the meaning, use, and material aspects of recorded sound and playback. As a contribution to sound studies, this comparative look manifests the field’s attention to both sonic phenomena and the means by which we come to know and experience those phenomena.
Inequalities in Air Pollution Exposure and Attributable Mortality in a Low Carbon Future
Authors: Reddington C. L. , Turnock S. T. , Conibear L. , Forster P. M. , Lowe J. A. , Ford L. Berrang , Weaver C. , van Bavel B. , Dong H. , Alizadeh M. R. , Arnold S. R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the costs and benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation options is crucial to justify and prioritize future decarbonization pathways to achieve net zero. Here, we quantified the co‐benefits of decarbonization for air quality and public health under scenarios that aim to limit end‐of‐century warming to 2°C and 1.5°C. We estimated the mortality burden attributable to ambient PM2.5 exposure using population attributable fractions of relative risk, incorporating projected changes in population demographics. We found that implementation of decarbonization scenarios could produce substantial global reductions in population exposure to PM2.5 pollution and associated premature mortality, with maximum health benefits achieved in Asia around mid‐century. The stringent 1.5ºC‐compliant decarbonization scenario (SSP1‐1.9) could reduce the PM2.5‐attributable mortality burden by 29% in 2050 relative to a middle‐of‐the‐road scenario (SSP2‐4.5), averting around 2.9 M annual deaths worldwide. While all income groups were found to benefit from improved air quality through a combination of decarbonization and air pollution controls, the smallest health benefits are experienced by the low‐income population. The disparity in PM2.5 exposure across income groups is projected to reduce by 2100, but a 30% disparity between high‐ and low‐income groups persists even in the strongest mitigation scenario. Further, without additional and targeted air quality measures, low‐ and lower‐middle‐income populations (predominantly in Africa and Asia) will continue to experience PM2.5 exposures that are over three times the World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline.
Unprecedented Human‐Perceived Heat Stress in 2021 Summer Over Western North America: Increasing Intensity and Frequency in a Warming Climate
Authors: Jeong Dae Il , Yu Bin , Cannon Alex J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe unprecedented 2021 June‐July heatwave in Western North America resulted in record‐breaking human‐perceived heat stress across the region, measured by the humidex considering both air temperature and humidity. During extended summer (June‐September), both 95th percentiles of daily maximum humidex (HX95) and air temperature (TX95) have increased over the 1940–2022 period, with even faster intensification in the last two decades (2001–2022). HX95 has increased more than TX95 because of the positive monotonic nonlinear relationship between humidex and air temperature at a given level of relative humidity. The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) projects a larger increase in human‐perceived heat stress than air temperature across the region under low to high emission scenarios (HX95 increases 4.40–7.04°C and TX95 increases 2.92–4.65°C between 1981–2010 and 2041–2060). Moreover, CanESM5 projects significant increases in the frequency of HX and TX conditions that exceed the levels reached in 2021 under intermediate and high emission scenarios.
Planetary Wave Modulation of Gravity Waves Over the Andes in 2016
Authors: France Jeff , Hervig Mark , Thurairajah Brentha , Randall Cora E. , Harvey V. Lynn , Forbes Jeffrey M. , Bailey Scott 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Andes account for the largest source of orographic gravity waves (GWs) in the middle atmosphere. This results from persistent, strong zonal winds at the surface encountering the north‐south mountain chain, producing strong orographic lift, and resulting GWs. Here, we consider GWs in the stratosphere and mesosphere above the Andes as observed by the Cloud Imaging and Particle Size instrument, the Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment on the AIM satellite, and the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry instrument onboard the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics satellite. GW variability is considered in the context of the location of the stratospheric wintertime westerly jet and planetary wave (PW) amplitude and phase. The occurrence of GWs in the middle and upper atmosphere depends not only on tropospheric sources, like the Andes, but also on the background winds through which they propagate. Results suggest that the propagation of GWs into the mesosphere is well correlated with winds throughout the middle and upper stratosphere. PWs cause the westerly jet to move over the Andes, resulting in an increase in GW amplitude throughout the middle and upper stratosphere. The evolution and variability of GWs are tied closely to the phase of the PW‐1 and are linked to PW‐2 when the PW amplitudes are sufficiently large. GW amplitude, as observed by all three data sets, increases in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere when the trough of the PW‐1 in the stratosphere is over the Andes.
Space Weather in the Popular Media, and the Opportunities the Upcoming Solar Maximum Brings
Authors: Carter Brett A. , Lugaz Noé , Morley Steven K. , Gannon Jennifer , Zou Shasha , Liu Huixin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe media interest/coverage of space weather has been increasing as we approach solar maximum and the private space industry has grown significantly since the last significant solar maximum in 2000–2002. It is not uncommon for space weather media coverage to use hyperbole with frequent references to the infamous “Carrington event.” The implications of associating each of the many upcoming moderate‐to‐severe storms with the Carrington event are discussed, and we encourage the curbing of hyperbole whenever possible. While there is an excellent but small cohort of space weather researchers actively engaging with the media, we urge more (particularly early‐to‐mid career) to take advantage of media training resources and to join in. We also call for these efforts to be broadly supported by peers and institutions for the benefit of space weather as a discipline.
The impact of thrombosis on probabilities of death and disease progression in polycythemia vera: a multistate transition analysis of 1,545 patients
Authors: Barbui Tiziano , Carobbio Alessandra , Thiele Juergen , Gangat Naseema , Rumi Elisa , Rambaldi Alessandro , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Tefferi Ayalew ,   IWG-MRT group, Jeryczynski Georg , Müllauer Leonhard , Vaidya Rakhee , Sulai Nanna H. , Pardanani Animesh , Larson Dirk R. , Cazzola Mario , Casetti Ilaria , Finazzi Guido , Pieri Lisa , Gisslinger Heinz , Gisslinger Bettina , Rodeghiero Francesco , Ruggeri Marco , Randi Maria Luigia , Bertozzi Irene , Passamonti Francesco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe applied a parametric Markov five-state model, on a well-characterized international cohort of 1,545 patients with polycythemia vera (PV; median age 61 years; females 51%), in order to examine the impact of incident thrombosis on the trajectory of death or disease progression. At a median follow-up of 6.9 years, 347 (23%) deaths, 50 (3%) blast phase (BP), and 138 (9%) fibrotic (post-PV MF) transformations were recorded. Incident thrombosis occurred at a rate of 2.62% pt/yr (arterial 1.59% and venous 1.05%). The probability of death, in the first 10 years, for 280 (18%) patients who developed thrombosis during follow-up was 40%, which was two-fold higher than that seen in the absence of thrombosis or any other transition state (20%; p < 0.01); the adverse impact from thrombosis was more apparent for arterial (HR 1.74; p < 0.01) vs venous thrombosis (p=NS) and was independent of other fixed (i.e., age, prior venous thrombosis, leukocytosis) or time-dependent (i.e., progression to BP or MF) risk variables. The transition probability to post-PV MF increased over time, in a linear fashion, with a rate of 5% capped at 5 and 10 years, in patients with or without incident thrombosis, respectively. The impact of thrombosis on transition probability to death or post-PV MF tapered off beyond 10 years and appeared to reverse direction of impact on MF evolution at the 12-year time point. These observations suggest thrombosis in PV to be a marker of aggressive disease biology or a disease-associated inflammatory state that is consequential to both thrombosis and disease progression.
Identification of 5-HT2A receptor signaling pathways associated with psychedelic potential
Authors: Wallach Jason , Cao Andrew B. , Calkins Maggie M. , Heim Andrew J. , Lanham Janelle K. , Bonniwell Emma M. , Hennessey Joseph J. , Bock Hailey A. , Anderson Emilie I. , Sherwood Alexander M. , Morris Hamilton , de Klein Robbin , Klein Adam K. , Cuccurazzu Bruna , Gamrat James , Fannana Tilka , Zauhar Randy , Halberstadt Adam L. , McCorvy John D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSerotonergic psychedelics possess considerable therapeutic potential. Although 5-HT2A receptor activation mediates psychedelic effects, prototypical psychedelics activate both 5-HT2A-Gq/11 and β-arrestin2 transducers, making their respective roles unclear. To elucidate this, we develop a series of 5-HT2A-selective ligands with varying Gq efficacies, including β-arrestin-biased ligands. We show that 5-HT2A-Gq but not 5-HT2A-β-arrestin2 recruitment efficacy predicts psychedelic potential, assessed using head-twitch response (HTR) magnitude in male mice. We further show that disrupting Gq-PLC signaling attenuates the HTR and a threshold level of Gq activation is required to induce psychedelic-like effects, consistent with the fact that certain 5-HT2A partial agonists (e.g., lisuride) are non-psychedelic. Understanding the role of 5-HT2A Gq-efficacy in psychedelic-like psychopharmacology permits rational development of non-psychedelic 5-HT2A agonists. We also demonstrate that β-arrestin-biased 5-HT2A receptor agonists block psychedelic effects and induce receptor downregulation and tachyphylaxis. Overall, 5-HT2A receptor Gq-signaling can be fine-tuned to generate ligands distinct from classical psychedelics.
A single C-terminal residue controls SARS-CoV-2 spike trafficking and incorporation into VLPs
Authors: Dey Debajit , Qing Enya , He Yanan , Chen Yihong , Jennings Benjamin , Cohn Whitaker , Singh Suruchi , Gakhar Lokesh , Schnicker Nicholas J. , Pierce Brian G. , Whitelegge Julian P. , Doray Balraj , Orban John , Gallagher Tom , Hasan S. Saif 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is delivered to the virion assembly site in the ER-Golgi Intermediate Compartment (ERGIC) from both the ER and cis-Golgi in infected cells. However, the relevance and modulatory mechanism of this bidirectional trafficking are unclear. Here, using structure-function analyses, we show that S incorporation into virus-like particles (VLP) and VLP fusogenicity are determined by coatomer-dependent S delivery from the cis-Golgi and restricted by S-coatomer dissociation. Although S mimicry of the host coatomer-binding dibasic motif ensures retrograde trafficking to the ERGIC, avoidance of the host-like C-terminal acidic residue is critical for S-coatomer dissociation and therefore incorporation into virions or export for cell-cell fusion. Because this C-terminal residue is the key determinant of SARS-CoV-2 assembly and fusogenicity, our work provides a framework for the export of S protein encoded in genetic vaccines for surface display and immune activation.
BRD9 determines the cell fate of hematopoietic stem cells by regulating chromatin state
Authors: Xiao Muran , Kondo Shinji , Nomura Masaki , Kato Shinichiro , Nishimura Koutarou , Zang Weijia , Zhang Yifan , Akashi Tomohiro , Viny Aaron , Shigehiro Tsukasa , Ikawa Tomokatsu , Yamazaki Hiromi , Fukumoto Miki , Tanaka Atsushi , Hayashi Yasutaka , Koike Yui , Aoyama Yumi , Ito Hiromi , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Kitamura Toshio , Kanai Akinori , Yokoyama Akihiko , Fujiwara Tohru , Goyama Susumu , Noguchi Hideki , Lee Stanley C. , Toyoda Atsushi , Hinohara Kunihiko , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Inoue Daichi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractATP-dependent chromatin remodeling SWI/SNF complexes exist in three subcomplexes: canonical BAF (cBAF), polybromo BAF (PBAF), and a newly described non-canonical BAF (ncBAF). While cBAF and PBAF regulate fates of multiple cell types, roles for ncBAF in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have not been investigated. Motivated by recent discovery of disrupted expression of BRD9, an essential component of ncBAF, in multiple cancers, including clonal hematopoietic disorders, we evaluate here the role of BRD9 in normal and malignant HSCs. BRD9 loss enhances chromatin accessibility, promoting myeloid lineage skewing while impairing B cell development. BRD9 significantly colocalizes with CTCF, whose chromatin recruitment is augmented by BRD9 loss, leading to altered chromatin state and expression of myeloid-related genes within intact topologically associating domains. These data uncover ncBAF as critical for cell fate specification in HSCs via three-dimensional regulation of gene expression and illuminate roles for ncBAF in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
MYOD-SKP2 axis boosts tumorigenesis in fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma by preventing differentiation through p57Kip2 targeting
Authors: Pomella Silvia , Cassandri Matteo , D’Archivio Lucrezia , Porrazzo Antonella , Cossetti Cristina , Phelps Doris , Perrone Clara , Pezzella Michele , Cardinale Antonella , Wachtel Marco , Aloisi Sara , Milewski David , Colletti Marta , Sreenivas Prethish , Walters Zoë S. , Barillari Giovanni , Di Giannatale Angela , Milano Giuseppe Maria , De Stefanis Cristiano , Alaggio Rita , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Sonia , Carlesso Nadia , Vakoc Christopher R. , Velardi Enrico , Schafer Beat W. , Guccione Ernesto , Gatz Susanne A. , Wasti Ajla , Yohe Marielle , Ignatius Myron , Quintarelli Concetta , Shipley Janet , Miele Lucio , Khan Javed , Houghton Peter J. , Marampon Francesco , Gryder Berkley E. , De Angelis Biagio , Locatelli Franco , Rota Rossella 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are pediatric mesenchymal-derived malignancies encompassing PAX3/7-FOXO1 Fusion Positive (FP)-RMS, and Fusion Negative (FN)-RMS with frequent RAS pathway mutations. RMS express the master myogenic transcription factor MYOD that, whilst essential for survival, cannot support differentiation. Here we discover SKP2, an oncogenic E3-ubiquitin ligase, as a critical pro-tumorigenic driver in FN-RMS. We show that SKP2 is overexpressed in RMS through the binding of MYOD to an intronic enhancer. SKP2 in FN-RMS promotes cell cycle progression and prevents differentiation by directly targeting p27Kip1 and p57Kip2, respectively. SKP2 depletion unlocks a partly MYOD-dependent myogenic transcriptional program and strongly affects stemness and tumorigenic features and prevents in vivo tumor growth. These effects are mirrored by the investigational NEDDylation inhibitor MLN4924. Results demonstrate a crucial crosstalk between transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms through the MYOD-SKP2 axis that contributes to tumorigenesis in FN-RMS. Finally, NEDDylation inhibition is identified as a potential therapeutic vulnerability in FN-RMS.
Comparing outcomes between coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention in octogenarians with left main or multivessel disease
Authors: Kirov Hristo , Caldonazo Tulio , Riedel Leoni Lu , Tasoudis Panagiotis , Moschovas Alexandros , Diab Mahmoud , Färber Gloria , Doenst Torsten 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMechanisms of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) differ as CABG provides surgical collateralization and may prolong life by preventing future myocardial infarctions (MI). However, CABG benefits are unclear in octogenarians, where surgical risk is often perceived as higher and PCI is chosen more liberally. We performed a meta-analysis of studies comparing outcomes in octogenarians with left main or multivessel disease who underwent CABG or PCI. Primary outcome was late mortality (> 5 years). Secondary outcomes were perioperative mortality, MI, re-revascularization (R-R), acute renal failure (ARF), and stroke. Fourteen studies with 17,942 patients were included. CABG was associated with lower late mortality (hazard ratio, HR: 1.23, 95% confidence interval: CI 1.05–1.44, p < 0.01). In the pooled Kaplan–Meier analysis CABG showed significantly lower risk of death in the follow-up compared to PCI (HR: 1.08, 95%CI 1.02–1.41, p = 0.005). Landmark analyses confirmed the survival advantage of CABG over PCI after 21.5 months of follow-up (HR: 1.31, 1.19–1.44, p < 0.0001), but suggested advantage of PCI over CABG in the first 30-days (HR: 0.72, 0.64–0.82, p < 0.0001) and comparable survival from 1 to 21.5 months (HR: 0.98, 0.92–1.05, p = 0.652). We found lower risk for MI and R-R after CABG but higher perioperative mortality and no differences in ARF and stroke. CABG appears superior to PCI over time in octogenarians with complex CAD. This survival advantage is associated with fewer events of MI and R-R; however, it comes with an increased risk in perioperative mortality.