bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed convection hybrid nanofluid flow over a stationary permeable vertical cone with thermal radiation and convective boundary condition
Authors: Yahaya Rusya Iryanti , Mustafa Mohd Shafie , Arifin Norihan Md , Pop Ioan , Wahid Nur Syahirah , Ali Fadzilah Md , Mohamed Isa Siti Suzilliana Putri 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMany real‐world devices, such as heat exchangers, geothermal reservoirs, and cooling systems, utilize the concept of boundary layer flow across a cone geometry. The current study presents and analyses the mathematical formulation for the mixed convection flow of a hybrid nanofluid over a permeable stationary cone. The heat transfer analysis considers the effects of thermal radiation and convective boundary condition. Numerical and statistical analyses of this flow problem yield new, physically significant results. The numerical analysis is carried out using the bvp4c solver in Matlab. Similarity transformations are performed to obtain a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations from the governing partial differential equations and boundary conditions. In both assisting and opposing flows, spherical‐ and platelet‐shaped nanoparticles are observed to produce the lowest and highest local skin friction coefficient, respectively. The spherical‐ and blade‐shaped nanoparticles also offer the highest and lowest local Nusselt number, respectively, with a difference of 6.4% (assisting) and 6.03% (opposing). Meanwhile, the increase in the mixed convection parameter raised the velocity profile but diminished the temperature profile of the hybrid nanofluid. Then, the relationship of the Biot number , suction , and thermal radiation ) parameters with the local Nusselt number is investigated through the response surface methodology (RSM). The local Nusselt number for the current flow problem is estimated to be maximized at 0.814323 (assisting) and 0.814629 (opposing) when these parameters are at the highest range of , , and . Several researchers had presented experimental studies conducted at different temperatures (15, 25, 35°C), mass flow rates (ranging from 0.00076 to 0.041 kg/s), and nanoparticle concentrations (0.387, 0.992, 3.12, 4.71 mass%).
Identifying Neotectonic Motions in Germany Using Discontinuity-corrected GNSS Data
Authors: Le Nhung , Männel Benjamin , Bui Luyen K. , Schuh Harald 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe crustal motions throughout Germany have not yet been fully understood because the research scope of previous studies often focuses only on some active grabens. Thus, we investigate it in detail to identify the neotectonic motion characteristics and specific deformation-ongoing regions. High accuracy for monitoring and data analyses is required because the expected crustal deformation in Germany is small. For this reason, we use high-precision GNSS time series processing techniques and interdisciplinary data to reflect actual motions and determine the causes of deformation. Also, an advanced technique of discontinuity correction is introduced to unify the fragments of the GNSS coordinate time series for better velocity field reliability. Our findings show that the crustal motions in Germany tend to increase at a maximum speed of +1.0 mm/year. Meanwhile, local subsidence of around $$-$$
-
0.8 mm/year is concentrated in the river basins (e.g., the Rhine, Ems, Elbe, Northern Oder, and Danube) and extensive mining regions. The Earth’s crust here also behaves with noticeable compressions. The intra-plate motion in Germany is $$\sim $$
∼
0.8 mm/year. A special region with an extension rate of +4.3 nstrain/year is observed along the North–South trending Regensburg-Leipzig-Rostock shear zone. Machine Learning clusters the 3D plate velocity field in Germany into three distinct regions with increasing speeds: Northwest, East, and Southwest. Significant surface deformations are detected mainly in the Upper Rhine graben, Eifel volcanic field, and Thuringian-Vogtland slate mountains. The harmonic motions of the Earth’s crust in Germany have an amplitude of $$\sim $$
∼
4.7 mm, in which the surface loads contribute half to this type of motion. The findings will contribute to the overall picture of neotectonics here.
Well-posedness of the governing equations for a quasi-linear viscoelastic model with pressure-dependent moduli in which both stress and strain appear linearly
Authors: Itou Hiromichi , Kovtunenko Victor A. , Rajagopal Kumbakonam R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe response of a body described by a quasi-linear viscoelastic constitutive relation, whose material moduli depend on the mechanical pressure (that is one-third the trace of stress) is studied. The constitutive relation stems from a class of implicit relations between the histories of the stress and the relative deformation gradient. A-priori thresholding is enforced through the pressure that ensures that the displacement gradient remains small. The resulting mixed variational problem consists of an evolutionary equation with the Volterra convolution operator; this equation is studied for well-posedness within the theory of maximal monotone graphs. For isotropic extension or compression, a semi-analytic solution of the quasi-linear viscoelastic problem is constructed under stress control. The equations are studied numerically with respect to monotone loading both with and without thresholding. In the example, the thresholding procedure ensures that the solution does not blow-up in finite time.
Clinical outcomes and end-of-life treatment in 596 patients with isolated traumatic brain injury: a retrospective comparison of two Dutch level-I trauma centers
Authors: Niemeyer Menco J. S. , Jochems Denise , Van Ditshuizen Jan C. , de Kanter Janneke , Cremers Lotte , van Hattem Martijn , Den Hartog Dennis , Houwert Roderick Marijn , Leenen Luke P. H. , van Wessem Karlijn J. P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
With an increasingly older population and rise in incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), end-of-life decisions have become frequent. This study investigated the rate of withdrawal of life sustaining treatment (WLST) and compared treatment outcomes in patients with isolated TBI in two Dutch level-I trauma centers.

Methods
From 2011 to 2016, a retrospective cohort study of patients aged ≥ 18 years with isolated moderate-to-severe TBI (Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) head ≥ 3) was conducted at the University Medical Center Rotterdam (UMC-R) and the University Medical Center Utrecht (UMC-U). Demographics, radiologic injury characteristics, clinical outcomes, and functional outcomes at 3–6 months post-discharge were collected.

Results
The study population included 596 patients (UMC-R: n = 326; UMC-U: n = 270). There were no statistical differences in age, gender, mechanism of injury, and radiologic parameters between both institutes. UMC-R patients had a higher AIShead (UMC-R: 5 [4–5] vs. UMC-U: 4 [4–5], p < 0.001). There was no difference in the prehospital Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). However, UMC-R patients had lower GCSs in the Emergency Department and used more prehospital sedation. Total in-hospital mortality was 29% (n = 170), of which 71% (n = 123) occurred after WLST. Two percent (n = 10) remained in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) state during follow-up.

Discussion
This study demonstrated a high WLST rate among deceased patients with isolated TBI. Demographics and outcomes were similar for both centers even though AIShead was significantly higher in UMC-R patients. Possibly, prehospital sedation might have influenced AIS coding. Few patients persisted in UWS. Further research is needed on WLST patients in a broader spectrum of ethics, culture, and complex medical profiles, as it is a growing practice in modern critical care.

Level of evidence
Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Functional outcomes after intramedullary nailing (C-Nail®) of severe calcaneal fractures with mean follow-up of 36 months
Authors: Schippers Philipp , Engels Rasmus , Benning Dominik , Fischer Sebastian , Wunderlich Felix , Afghanyar Yama , Arand Charlotte , Nienhaus Michael , Drees Philipp , Gercek Erol , Küchle Raphael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Calcaneal fractures (CFs) are rare but potentially debilitating injuries. Apart from the open, far lateral or sinus tarsi approach, operative treatment can be performed minimally invasive and percutaneously with intramedullary nailing. In this study, we sought to investigate the functional outcome of severe CFs treated with the C-Nail® implant.

Methods
Twenty-two CFs (9 × Sanders III and 8 × Sanders IV), operated between 2016 and 2019, were followed up with a mean duration of 36 (± 11) months. The AOFAS score, pre- and postoperative Böhler angles, wound healing disorders, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) like pain levels and return to work/sport levels were assessed.

Results
The mean AOFAS score was 72.0 (± 9.8). Four patients sustained wound healing disorders, yet no implant-associated surgical revision was required. Fifty percent of patients were pain-free within 1 year. Within 1 year, about 50% of the patients could return to sports, and about 80% of the patients could return to work. PROMs and functional results align with those from other implants reported in the literature.

Conclusion
Intramedullary nailing of severe CFs with the C-Nail® implant can be considered a safe treatment alternative that yields acceptable results at mid-terms.
Das Reidentifikationspotenzial von strukturierten Gesundheitsdaten
Authors: Drechsler Jörg , Pauly Hannah 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungEin breiter Zugang zu Gesundheitsdaten bietet enormes Potenzial für Wissenschaft und Forschung. Allerdings enthalten Gesundheitsdaten oftmals sensible Informationen, die es in besonderer Weise zu schützen gilt. Vor diesem Hintergrund befasst sich dieser Artikel mit dem Reidentifikationspotenzial von Gesundheitsdaten. Nach einer Abgrenzung der Begrifflichkeiten werden Faktoren diskutiert, die das Reidentifikationspotenzial beeinflussen. Es wird Bezug auf internationale Standards zum Schutz von Gesundheitsdaten genommen und die Wichtigkeit von verfügbarem Hintergrundwissen erläutert. Auf Basis des Zwischenfazits, dass das Reidentifikationspotenzial häufig unterschätzt wird, werden verschiedene Möglichkeiten zu dessen Reduzierung anhand des Konzepts der Five Safes vorgestellt. In diesem Zusammenhang wird sowohl auf klassische Anonymisierungsverfahren als auch auf Möglichkeiten zur Generierung synthetischer Gesundheitsdaten eingegangen. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Fazit und kurzem Ausblick auf das kommende Forschungsdatenzentrum Gesundheit beim Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte.
Wirkungen digitaler Medien auf die Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Schwerpunkt auf dem Verzehr ungesunder Lebensmittel
Authors: Hebestreit Antje , Sina Elida 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Medienzeiten von Kindern und Jugendlichen haben seit 2019 zugenommen. Längere Zeiten, die z. B. mit Medien-Multitasking verbracht werden, werden zunehmend als Einflussfaktor auf die Gesundheit diskutiert. In dieser narrativen Übersichtsarbeit wird die Bedeutung der Nutzungsdauer für die Entstehung von Adipositas und metabolischen Gesundheitsendpunkten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen beleuchtet und Zusammenhänge mit dem Verzehr von ungesunden Lebensmitteln, z. B. durch eine erhöhte Exposition gegenüber Medien-Lebensmittelmarketing, vertiefend besprochen.Lange Nutzungszeiten scheinen positiv mit Geschmackspräferenzen für süß, fettig und salzig sowie mit einer erhöhten Snack- und Energiezufuhr assoziiert zu sein. Langfristig stehen zunehmende Medienzeiten überdies mit einem erhöhten Risiko für das metabolische Syndrom und seine Einzelkomponenten in Beziehung. Ein besonderer Nutzen sozialer Medien für die Förderung von körperlicher Aktivität und gesunder Ernährung liegt in der erleichterten Einbeziehung sonst schwer erreichbarer Gruppen. Soziale Medien können ferner die soziale Unterstützung durch Gleichaltrige vereinfachen und so das Wohlbefinden junger Nutzer:innen positiv beeinflussen.Insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund der noch nicht vollständig entwickelten kognitiven Fähigkeiten von Kindern und Jugendlichen werden im Artikel Handlungsoptionen zum Schutz junger Nutzer:innen angesprochen. Die Exposition gegenüber bestimmten Medieninhalten scheint negative Auswirkungen auf die Nahrungsmittelauswahl und das Essverhalten von jungen Nutzer:innen zu haben. Dadurch wird der Appell gestützt, digitale Werbung für Lebensmittel und Getränke, die sich an Kinder und Jugendliche richtet und die nicht den WHO-Kriterien für kindergerechte Lebensmittel entspricht, in diesen Medien stark einzuschränken.
The influence of hatch spacing on the metallurgical characteristics of 17–4 PH stainless steel processed by DED
Authors: Mathoho Ipfi , Sibisi Thabiso 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe quality and performance of additively manufactured part is linked to the process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, powder feed rate, and layer thickness. However, hatch spacing is one of the process parameters that affect the quality and performance of the part, but its effect has not been fully investigated. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the effect of hatch spacing on the metallurgical characteristics, including microstructural evolution, microhardness, and corrosion behavior of 17–4 PH stainless produced through direct energy deposition. A LENS system was used to manufacture 17–4 PH SS cubes and the hatch overlap was varied from 20 to 80%. Subsequently, the printed cubes were subjected to heat treatment (H900) followed by material characterization which includes microstructural analysis, microhardness, and corrosion behavior. This study deduced that varying the percent overlap had an impact on the proportion of delta ferrite and the grain size. Furthermore, increasing the percent overlap from 20 to 80% was found to cause a reduction in hardness (340–331 HV). Meanwhile, it was found that traditionally manufactured 17–4 PH SS is more susceptible to corrosion than additively manufactured 17–4 PH SS.
Chemical characterization and speciation of the soluble fraction of Arctic PM10
Authors: Marafante Matteo , Bertinetti Stefano , Carena Luca , Fabbri Debora , Malandrino Mery , Vione Davide , Berto Silvia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe chemical composition of the soluble fraction of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and how these components can combine with each other to form different species affect the chemistry of the aqueous phase dispersed in the atmosphere: raindrops, clouds, fog, and ice particles. The study was focused on the analysis of the soluble fraction of Arctic PM10 samples collected at Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard Islands, Norwegian Arctic) during the year 2012. The concentration values of Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Al3+, Cl−, NO2−, NO3−, SO42−, PO43−, formate, acetate, malonate, and oxalate in the water-soluble fraction of PM10 were determined by atomic spectroscopy and ion chromatography. Speciation models were applied to define the major species that would occur in aqueous solution as a function of pH (2–10). The model highlights that (i) the main cations such as Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ occur in the form of aquoions in the whole investigated pH range; (ii) Cu2+, Zn2+, and, in particular, Fe3+ and Al3+ are mostly present in their hydrolytic forms; and (iii) Al3+, Fe3+, and Cu2+ form solid hydrolytic species that precipitate at pH values slightly higher than neutrality. These latter metals show interesting interactions with oxalate and sulfate ions, too. The speciation models were also calculated considering the seasonal variability of the concentration of the components and at higher concentration levels than those found in water PM extracts, to better simulate concentrations actually found in the atmospheric aqueous phase. The results highlight the role of oxalate as the main organic ligand in solution.
Graphical Abstract
Deepening the knowledge of universal stress proteins in Haloferax mediterranei
Authors: Matarredona Laura , Zafrilla Basilio , Rubio-Portillo Esther , Bonete María-José , Esclapez Julia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Haloarchaea, like many other microorganisms, have developed defense mechanisms such as universal stress proteins (USPs) to cope with environmental stresses affecting microbial growth. Despite the wide distribution of these proteins in Archaea, their biochemical characteristics still need to be discovered, and there needs to be more knowledge about them focusing on halophilic Archaea. Therefore, elucidating the role of USPs would provide valuable information to improve future biotechnological applications. Accordingly, transcriptional expression of the 37 annotated USPs in the Haloferax mediterranei genome has been examined under different stress conditions. From a global perspective, finding a clear tendency between particular USPs and specific stress conditions was not possible. Contrary, data analysis indicates that there is a recruitment mechanism of proteins with a similar sequence able to modulate the H. mediterranei growth, accelerating or slowing it, depending on their number. In fact, only three of these USPs were expressed in all the tested conditions, pointing to the cell needing a set of USPs to cope with stress conditions. After analysis of the RNA-Seq data, three differentially expressed USPs were selected and homologously overexpressed. According to the growth data, the overexpression of USPs induces a gain of tolerance in response to stress, as a rule. Therefore, this is the only work that studies all the USPs in an archaeon. It represents a significant first base to continue advancing, not only in this important family of stress proteins but also in the field of biotechnology and, at an industrial level, to improve applications such as designing microorganisms resistant to stress situations.

Key points
• Expression of Haloferax mediterranei USPs has been analyzed in stress conditions.
• RNA-seq analysis reveals that most of the USPs in H. mediterranei are downregulated.
• Homologous overexpression of USPs results in more stress-tolerant strains.
Treatment of Femoropopliteal Artery Disease with Polymer-Coated Drug-Eluting Stent: 5-Year Results of a Prospective, Non-Randomized Study Including the Halo Phenomenon
Authors: Torsello Giovanni Federico , Stavroulakis Konstantinos , Bisdas Theodosios , Cardona Yamel , Wichmann Katrin , Torsello Giovanni Battista 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the long-term results of the Eluvia drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation for femoropopliteal arterial disease, including the ‘halo’ phenomenon. Long-term data of DES is scarce. A focal reaction (‘halo’) following Eluvia DES deployment has been described. However, the long-term clinical impact of this phenomenon remains unclear.

Methods
This prospective, non-randomized, single-arm study included 130 consecutive patients treated with an Eluvia DES for symptomatic femoropopliteal disease between March 2016 and December 2018. Clinical outcomes and imaging were assessed after 6 months and annually thereafter for up to 5 years. The primary outcome measure was primary patency. Secondary outcomes were freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR), freedom from major amputation, overall survival and amputation-free survival rates.

Results
The primary patency was 65% at 5 years. The freedom from CD-TLR and from major amputation at 5 years was 79 and 96%, respectively. The overall survival and amputation-free survival rates were 88 and 83% at 60 months, respectively. Out of the 27 patients with a halo sign, two showed an increased (7.4%) and 6 (22.2%) a decreased diameter. In 19 cases (70.4%), the diameter remained unchanged at the latest follow-up. The presence of the ‘halo’ sign was associated with increased primary patency (87% versus 59%, HR: 2.48, 95%CI 1.19–5.16, P = .015).

Conclusions
The presented patient cohort treated with the Eluvia DES for femoropopliteal artery lesions indicates durable efficacy and a good safety profile regardless of the halo phenomenon. The results need to be confirmed in a larger patient cohort.

Level of Evidence III
Non-randomized controlled cohort/follow-up study.

Graphical Abstract
Does arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation influence soil carbon sequestration?
Authors: Tao Jianyu , Liu Xiaoyuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhether arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation promotes soil C sequestration is largely unknown. Here, meta-analysis and logistic regression were applied to study the ecological effects of AMF inoculation on soil organic C (SOC) turnover and plant growth under different inoculation manipulations, plant traits, and soil conditions. Results showed that AMF inoculation generally increased SOC stock and plant biomass accumulation. Soil sterilization, unsterilized inoculum wash (a filtrate of mycorrhizal inoculum excluding AMF) addition in non-mycorrhizal treatments, experimental type, and inoculated AMF species influenced soil microbial biomass C (MBC) but had no impact on SOC turnover. Plant root system, initial SOC content, and soil pH were the key factors that influenced the AMF-mediated SOC turnover. AMF inoculation in fertile or acidic soils might deplete SOC. The symbiosis between tap-rooted plants and AMF was more likely to sequestrate C into the soil compared to fibrous-rooted plants. Moreover, plant total dry biomass largely relied on its own photosynthetic pathway although AMF was introduced. Collectively, our results suggest that AMF inoculation is a promising approach for soil C sequestration.
Combined microscope–endoscopy resection of petrous bone cholesteatoma with temporary facial nerve transposition versus nontransposition
Authors: Mei Honglin , Lu Xiaoling , Dong Chunguang , Lin Hailiang , Chen Bing , Li Huawei , Ni Yusu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The narrow supralabyrinthine space affects surgical procedures. To study the effect of temporary transposition of geniculate ganglion of facial nerve versus nontransposition on lesion recurrence and facial nerve function in patients with petrous bone cholesteatoma.

Methods
A total of 18 patients with petrous bone cholesteatoma involving the facial nerve were treated in our hospital from November 2016 to March 2023. The main surgical method is the extended supralabyrinthine approach assisted by a microscope and an endoscope. We collected and retrospectively analyzed their medical records.

Results
Temporary facial nerve transposition was performed in five patients, and nontransposition was performed in 13 patients. Cholesteatoma recurred in three patients with facial nerve nontransposition, whereas none in patients with facial nerve transposition. In this study, except for one case with a second operation, postoperative facial paralysis in other cases was improved to varying degrees, and there was no significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion
Temporary transposition of geniculate ganglion of facial nerve will not affect the postoperative nerve function of patients and can reduce the possibility of cholesteatoma recurrence of the petrous bone.