bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Clinical Study on Efficacy of Ahiphenmochanadi Vati and Sameeragaja Kesari Rasa in Opiate Withdrawal Symptoms
Authors: Vishnoi Rinkesh , Sharma Anita , Kadu Vaidya Amol , Yadav Sunita 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Ahiphen Vyasan (opium and its derivatives addicts) is a common addiction in Rajasthan, Punjab, and Haryana. The main symptoms of opiate withdrawal are Nadimandata (resting pulse rate), Swed Pravrutti (sweating), Arti (restlessness), Netratarak Vispharana (dialeted pupil size), Asthi or Sandhi Shoola (bone and joint pain), Nasasrava or Ashrusrava (running nose or tearing), Agnibaishamya (gastrointestinal upset), Kampa (Tramor), Jrimbha (Yawning), Vishada (feeling of unhappiness – depression), and Romanch (horripilation). Kuchla (Strychnos nux-vomica) has been mentioned as antidote for opium.

Aim and Objective:
The intention or aim here is to combat the opiate withdrawal effects by using opium in tapering method along with S. nux-vomica. For which the study refers to evaluate the efficacy of Ahiphenmochnadi Vati and Sameer Gaja Kesari Rasa in opium withdrawal symptoms.

Material and Method:
Open-labeled randomized clinical trial of thirty patients of either sex. Intervention: Group A (15 patients) was given Ahiphenmochnadi Vati, whereas Group B (15 patients) treated with Sameer Gaja Kesari Rasa. Duration: 1 month. Intragroup comparison of group A and Group B were found statistically extremely significant.

Result:
Intergroup comparison of Group A and B were found statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The present study supports the use of Ahiphenmochnadi Vati and Sameer Gaja Kesari Rasa in treating Ahiphen Vyasan with good acceptance by all treated patients.
Effect of pre-treatment on induction of anaesthesia with etomidate: A comparison between dexmedetomidine and midazolam–fentanyl combination
Authors: Sojitra Nalin P. , Kantharia Bansari N. , Nakum Rajesh , Padsala Krishna 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Because of its prompt onset of action and clearance, the use of etomidate as an anaesthetic induction agent is increasing in clinical practice. However, etomidate-induced myoclonus (EIM) remains a prevalent issue. Such myoclonic activity can be prevented by the administration of drugs that inhibit subcortical neuronal activity.

Aims:
This study was designed to compare the effects of pre-treatment with dexmedetomidine and fentanyl–midazolam combination on EIM as well as on attenuation of pharyngolaryngeal reflex.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred adult patients with the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grades 1 or 2 posted for elective surgery were enrolled and were randomly divided into two groups of 50 patients each. Group D received dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) in over 10 min and Group F received midazolam (0.02 mg/kg) + fentanyl (2 μg/kg) intravenously. Haemodynamic variables, incidence and severity of myoclonus were recorded.

Results:
The incidence of EIM was lower in Group F (26%) when compared to Group D (40%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.28). Eighteen per cent of the subjects in Group F had Grade 1 myoclonus as compared to 32% of Group D, whereas 8% of the subjects in Group F had Grade 2 myoclonus as compared to 6% of Group D. None of the patients in Group F experienced myoclonus of Grade 3, whereas 2% of the subjects had Grade 3 myoclonus.

Conclusion:
Administration of a combination of fentanyl and midazolam, along with dexmedetomidine as a pre-treatment, has been found to be an effective strategy for mitigating the incidence of myoclonus.
Usage of artificial intelligence tools in community-level X-ray triaging for tuberculosis in Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Prabakaran J. , Sangeetha S. , Desamani Kiran Kumar , Sakthivel P. , Ravishankar K. , Lavanaya J. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The end tuberculosis (TB) strategy emphasises early and correct diagnosis of TB. Chest X-ray (CXR) is an essential tool for triaging and screening TB and confirming the diagnosis in fewer situations. Greater Chennai Corporation (GCC) implemented Mobile Diagnostic Units (MDUs) retrofitted with X-rays with artificial intelligence (AI).

Objectives:
The study’s objectives were to determine the X-ray triaging performance in MDU vans using AI tools in GCC, Tamil Nadu.

Materials and Methods:
AI is to increase access to quality TB screening diagnostics in high-risk locations. Genki AI-powered Public Health Screening Solution from Deeptek used for TB triaging after uploading CXR images from MDU. X-ray has been uploaded in AI software once taken, and the results were available immediately after uploading. The radiologist reports helped to take further courses of action.

Results:
A total of 79,462 CXR was taken from April 2019 to April 2022 from 7 MDU vans. Amongst 3.4% were identified as suggestive of TB, 1.4% old TB, 0.89% COVID (from 2020) and 7.2% other chest abnormalities. The sensitivity of CXR-AI was 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97, 0.98), and the specificity was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.96, 0.97).

Conclusion:
AI helps in faster triage for further public health action and eliminates the challenges of the availability of functional X-rays, interpretation and reporting.
Wind turbines: Vacated/abandoned homes – Exploring participants’ descriptions of their personal views, effects on safety, security, trust, and social justice
Authors: Krogh Carmen Marie , McMurtry Robert Y , Johnson W Ben , Punch Jerry L , Dumbrille Anne , Alves-Pereira Mariana , Hughes Debra , Rogers Linda , Rand Robert W. , Gillis Lorrie 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Some neighbors living in proximity to industrial wind turbines (IWTs) have described adverse health effects and contemplated vacating their homes. While the decision to vacate a home is reported by sources such as judicial proceedings, the scientific literature, media outlets, social media, and Internet websites, research on its extent and outcomes is limited.

Methodology:
This ethics-reviewed study used the qualitative Grounded Theory methodology. Sixty-seven consenting participants, 18 years or older, who had previously lived or were currently living within 10 km of IWTs were interviewed. Audio files were transcribed to text and the data were coded and analyzed using NVivo Pro (v. 12.6) software.

Objectives:
The objective is to explore participants’ descriptions of their personal views on wind turbines and their effects on safety, security, trust, and social justice, and generate a theory of influences contributing to these decisions.

Results:
Data analysis revealed primary and subthemes associated with environmental interference and altered living conditions. Descriptions of participants’ personal views associated with the use of wind energy and effects on safety, security, trust, and social justice are provided.

Discussion:
It is recommended that members of the public, government authorities, policymakers, researchers, health practitioners, and social scientists with an interest in health policy acknowledge these effects and seek resolution for those who are negatively affected when living or working near IWTs.
Conclusion: We conclude that using a systematic methodology, data analysis lends support that the Grounded Theory was applicable to this study as it assisted with the development of a coherent theory which explained participants’ housing decisions.
The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology – Assessment of utility and the risk of malignancy
Authors: Prakash Annu E. , Sukumaran Renu , Nayak Nileena , Lakshmi K. , Mathews Anitha , Kattoor Jayasree 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Cytological diagnosis of salivary gland lesions furnishes several challenges to pathologists and clinicians owing to their diverse morphology and varying reporting terminology. The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology was proposed to overcome these defects. The aim of this study was to grade histopathologically diagnosed cases of salivary gland pathology using Milan system and to correlate Milan system with histopathological diagnosis. The study aims to assess the utility of the Milan system and the risk of malignancy in each category.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study of 4 years duration. All the cases of salivary gland pathology with fine-needle aspiration cytology findings from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrieved and classified according to the Milan system. Histopathology follow-up of these cases were reviewed from the archives, and risk of malignancy was calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated using histopathological diagnosis as the gold standard.

Results:
Cytology slides of 151 cases were reviewed, and the Milan system was applied. Histopathology follow-up was obtained in 94 cases (attrition rate = 37.74%). The percentage of cases in each category were as follows: nondiagnostic = 9.27%, nonneoplastic = 4.64%, atypia of undetermined significance = 3.97%, benign neoplasm = 23.84%, neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential = 8.61%, suspicious for malignancy = 11.92%, and malignant = 37.75%. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the Milan system were 94.20%, 96.00%, 98.48%, and 85.71%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The Milan system has high sensitivity and specificity in comparison with histopathology. This system proves helpful to the pathologist as well as the clinician in achieving uniformity of reporting terminology by classifying salivary gland lesions into subcategories with prognostic relevance.
Assaying of p53 Autoantibodies in saliva for the detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma. A road not taken
Authors: Sreelatha S. V , Shetty Sukanya , Karnaker Vimal K. , Jacob Ankeeta M. , Chowdhury Chitta R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Autoantibody detection is a promising approach to cancer screening. Serum p53 antibodies have been time tested in various cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study is aimed to detect and determine the level of p53 autoantibodies (p53-AAbs) in saliva. The association of clinicopathological features among patients with and without OSCC was also explored as a novel method for the detection of autoantibodies.

Methods:
One hundred preoperative saliva samples from patients with histologically confirmed OSCC and a hundred from normal healthy individuals were collected. Anti p53 detection kit assessed levels of salivary p53-AAbs. The cut-off value was 1.3 U/mL by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The p53-AAb levels were expressed in terms of the median and interquartile range (IQR). Fischer’s exact test and Chi-square test were used to determine the association with clinicopathological features among patients with OSCC and healthy controls with tobacco consumption habits.

Results:
Median level of p53-AAb is 0.234 U/mL (IQR 0.18-0.37U/mL) in healthy controls and 0.285U/mL (IQR 0.16-0.58U/mL) in OSCC. p53-AAbs was positive in 15% of 100 patients with OSCC, which was statistically higher (P < 0.001) among OSCC, and controls were negative for p53-AAb. No significant correlation of p53-AAbs with the patient’s age, gender, site, clinical staging (TNM), and pathologic grade was observed. However, a significant association was seen between the node involvement and salivary p53-AAbs.

Conclusion:
Salivary p53-AAb positivity was seen in a higher proportion in OSCC patients than in healthy controls with tobacco consumption, and the levels did differ significantly among OSCC and healthy controls.
Randomized Comparative Study of Analgesic Effects of Ilioinguinal and Iliohypogastric Nerve Block with Levobupivacaine (0.25%) versus Diclofenac Suppository in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Inguinal Herniotomy under General Anesthesia
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Sayantan , Bhattacharya Dipasri , Rai Sagar , Piplai Gautam , Shailendra Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Context:
Pain management intraoperatively and postoperatively in the pediatric age group is a matter of concern. On the one hand, children are poorer at precisely conveying the extent of pain all the while being more susceptible to pain-related complications such as laryngospasm. On the other hand, children are less suited to use of potent opioids due to associated complications which can often lead to catastrophe. Therefore, a multimodal approach is desirable to optimize pain management in children. A nerve block is a highly effective and popular modality nowadays. In this single-blinded, parallel group, monocentric, and randomized protocol study, we have compared the efficacy of pain control achieved in the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as analgesic versus iliohypogastric ilioinguinal (IIIH) nerve block in herniotomy in pediatric age group.

Materials and Method:
The parallel-group prospective study recruited 104 participants who were randomly allocated into two groups of 52 each, such that both groups received 1 mcg/kg fentanyl and sevoflurane during induction of GA. For analgesia, Group 2 was given diclofenac suppository intraoperative after induction of GA. Group 1 was given IIIH nerve block under nerve stimulator guidance for perioperative analgesia. Both groups were studied for the following parameters which included: time to get the 1st dose of rescue analgesic, total dose of rescue analgesic, visual analog scale (VAS) score, and hemodynamic parameters.

Results:
We observed that Group 1 showed a statistically significant difference in the form of longer duration of analgesia after surgery (9.67 ± 1.80 h vs. 6.35 ± 0.84 h) and lower total dose of rescue analgesic requirement (69.23 ± 2 [22.77] vs. 106.23 ± 2 [21.49]) while having a better hemodynamic profile and lower cumulative VAS score (7.71 ± 1.39 vs. 12.04 ± 1.72).

Conclusion:
Based on the above findings, we deduce that preincisional nerve stimulator-guided IIIH block by levobupivacaine (0.25%, 0.3 ml/kg) and rectal diclofenac (2 mg/kg) is both safe approaches to provide postoperative analgesia in pediatric inguinal herniotomy under general anesthesia. However, nerve stimulator-guided IIIH nerve block by levobupivacaine is a safe and better choice as it provides more intense analgesia for a longer duration compared to diclofenac suppository in the immediate postoperative period.
Analgesic Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgeries: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Singh Digvijay Prakash , Rai Sudhir Kumar , Maurya Ram Gopal , Rastogi Harshit , Singh Gyan P 
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims:
The primary aim of this randomized controlled study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine on the onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade and the duration of analgesia in patients undergoing upper limb surgeries under supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 100 patients of age 18–55 years, planned for elective upper limb surgeries under supraclavicular brachial plexus block using a nerve stimulator, were randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 (n = 50) received 30 mL 0.5% ropivacaine and 1 mL normal saline and Group 2 (n = 50) received 30 mL 0.5% ropivacaine and 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine. The onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia, and adverse events during the perioperative period were noted.

Results:
The onset of sensory and motor block in Group 1 (16. 26 ± 2.23 and 21.68 ± 2.90 min) was slower than those in Group 2 (9.12 ± 2.40 and 12.68 ± 2.62 min), (<0.001). The duration of sensory and motor block in Group 1 was significantly shorter than those in Group 2 (P < 0.001). The duration of analgesia in Group 1 (402.80 ± 28.21 min) was shorter than that in Group 2 (981.00 ± 92.26 min; P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of the side effects, except in the incidence of sedation which is significantly higher in Group 2, (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Dexmedetomidine with ropivacaine for supraclavicular nerve block resulted in earlier onset and prolonged duration of the sensorimotor blockade and provided a longer pain-free postoperative period without significant hemodynamic alterations.
Old wine in new bottle: Lentigo transplant for beauty spot creation
Authors: Bhingradia Yogesh M , Salunke Tejaswini S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Melanocytic nevi especially on the face, neck, and chest are considered a sign of beauty since historic times. Since historic times and in various cultures, these nevi are associated with beauty and attractiveness, thus called beauty spots. Artificial beauty marks have been fashionable since the medieval era. it requires repetitive use easily making it a cumbersome process. Tattooed beauty marks by medical professionals or tattoo artists are commonly done but require frequent touch-ups with a risk of complications. So we came up with a very innovative technique of tissue grafting of an existing lentigines/melanocyte nevus to the desired site which gave a natural and permanent solution.
Does platelet-rich plasma promote facial rejuvenation? Revising the latest evidence in a narrative review
Authors: Neiva-Sousa Manuel , Carracha Clara , Nunes da Silva Luis , Valejo Coelho Paulo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Facial aging is characterized by progressive macroscopic, histological, and molecular changes. Due to its regenerative and rejuvenating properties, the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a facial antiaging agent has gained popularity over the last decade. In order to gather and evaluate the latest evidence focusing on the effect of PRP on facial skin rejuvenating, a search through MEDLINE (PubMed) using relevant keywords, inclusion, and exclusion criteria was performed. A total of 539 articles were initially retrieved, and from those, 16 were included in the review. Treatment protocols comprised the use of PRP both in monotherapy and in combination with other substances and by means of direct injection or topical application following skin permeation. The selected studies presented high variability regarding PRP preparation methods, administration protocols, and results assessment. In most studies, PRP seemed to improve to some degree the signs of facial aging, such has wrinkles, skin quality, and pigmentation, accompanied by significant histological and molecular responses. Optimizing treatment protocols should be the next step in assessing the full potential of PRP.
Retronychia: A misdiagnosed cause of paronychia
Authors: Savitha Somaiah , Nagalakshmi Rajesh , Mariam Sankey Sana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Retronychia refers to the embedding of the nail into the proximal nail fold. Patients present with chronic paronychia in the setting of disrupted nail growth. Nail avulsion is curative and unlike other forms of ingrown nails, it does not tend to recur. We report a case of retronychia who presented with pain and swelling around bilateral great toes. Further examination showed growth of overlapping nail plates, which led to the diagnosis of retronychia. This article emphasizes the clinical features and treatment options available for retronychia, thereby avoiding misdiagnosis.
GSTs genetic polymorphism, gene–environment interaction and association with gallbladder cancer risk in North Indian population: A case-controlled study
Authors: Feroz Zainab , Tiwari Sonia , Vijayaraghavalu Sivakumar , Kumar Munish 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
In the present case-controlled study, we explored the role of genetic polymorphism in three xenobiotic metabolizing genes, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1, and their association to gallbladder cancer (GBC) risk in a North Indian population. Its etiology is influenced by genetic, food habits, lifestyle, and environmental factors. GBC incidence is significantly higher in the Gangetic belt, India. Therefore, we explored the prognostic factors in the susceptibility of GBC through gene–gene and gene–environment interaction in this region.

Material and Methods:
Genetic polymorphism was analyzed in 108 GBC patients from Kamala Nehru Memorial Cancer Hospital, Prayagraj and 142 matched controls. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were analyzed by multiplex PCR method, while restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was performed to analyze GSTP1 genotypes. Logistic regression analysis calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was performed to analyze the GBC risk.

Results:

GSTT1 (null) genotype was at a significantly higher risk and susceptible to GBC (OR = 2.044, CI = 1.225–3.411, P = 0.006), while GSTM1 and GSTP1 genotypes did not show any association to GBC risk. After sex stratification, females diagnosed with GBC had higher GSTT1 (null) genotype (OR = 2.754, CI = 1.428–5.310, P = 0.003) compared to males. GBC patients dwelling in rural areas show higher GSTT1 (null) genotype with two-fold GBC risk (OR = 2.031, CI = 1.200–3.439, P = 0.008). Further, GBC patients with histopathology of adenocarcinoma also showed higher GSTT1 (null) genotype (OR = 2.113, CI = 1.248–3.578, P = 0.005). Gene–gene interaction between GSTT1 (non-null)/GSTP1 (Ile/Val + Val/Val), enhance the GBC risk (OR = 1.840, CI = 1.135–2.982, P = 0.013).

Conclusions:
The present study suggests that GSTT1 (null) genotype has higher susceptibility and risk towards GBC in North Indian population. Female patients, patients with histopathology of adenocarcinoma and rural dwelling GBC patients have higher GSTT1 (null) genotypes and may be at risk of developing GBC. The genotype combination GSTT1 (non-null)/GSTP1 (Ile/Val + Val/Val) has increased GBC susceptibility and may be considered as ‘at risk’ genotypes for GBC in North Indians.
Epidemiology of cancer in adolescents and young adults from a tertiary care hospital in Southern India
Authors: Darling HS , Mohan Raj , Sud Rahul 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
This study aimed to analyze cancer pattern among adolescents and young adults (AYA) in a tertiary care center in South India.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was undertaken from January 2018 to December 2021 on AYA cancer patients (aged 15–39 years).

Results:
Totally, 369 cases of AYA cancers were identified for analyzing the frequency and pattern of cancer distribution. The most common cancers were breast cancer, thyroid cancer, and astrocytoma. All the cancers were more common in males than in females, except for breast, thyroid, gonadal cancers, and unspecified malignant neoplasms.

Conclusion:
Cancer distribution patterns are distinct among AYA in terms of epidemiology and biology.
A rare case of benign metastasizing leiomyoma at vertebrae
Authors: Kachhwaha Avni , Bharti Jyotsna Naresh , Solanki Akanksha , Soni Sweta , Pareek Puneet 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare disease that usually occurs in women of reproductive age, with a history of uterine leiomyoma treated with hysterectomy. This may present as lesions in lungs, lymph nodes, bones, brain, mediastinum, and soft tissues. However, the most commonly affected site is the lung. Here is a case report of a patient who presented with BML at vertebral body with distant metastasis to lungs, brain, and bones. A 37-year-old female, with no known comorbidities, presented with pain in the upper back, urinary and bowel incontinence, and weakness in the bilateral lower limbs. Radiological, multiple metastases were present at D2 and D9 vertebral bodies, multiple nodular lesions were present in the lungs, and solitary lesion was found in the right frontal lobe of the brain. Histology proved it to be of myoepithelial origin with low Ki-67 index. The treatment in this case was based on hormone production suppression and radiotherapy, with no signs of progression at follow-up.