bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of tartary buckwheat in enhancing bioactive compounds and sensory properties of traditional fruit kombucha beverage
Authors: Xiao Sha , Pan Yuting , Li Xinyi , Xu Min , Tang Yiwen , Cao Yang , Zhou Yihan , Zou Liang , Zhao Jianglin , Wang Aili 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTartary buckwheat (TB) has high nutritional value, is gluten‐free, and has adaptability to cold climates, which makes it a valuable crop for agriculture. Few high‐value‐added products are made using TB.FindingsAddition of TB significantly increased (p < .05) the contents of total phenolic and flavonoid in pineapple kombucha (PK) beverage, especially the amount of rutin. In addition, TB contributed abundant organic acids to kombucha beverage, especially acetic acid, citric acid, and malic acid. Although addition of TB increased the sourness and astringency of the beverage, it also contributed toward a unique buckwheat aroma by increasing the abundance of volatile compounds such as esters. In addition, there was no significant difference (p > .05) in the sweetness, bitterness, and pineapple flavor between TBPK and PK beverages.ConclusionThe developed kombucha beverage using TBPK infusion is advantageous over traditional fruit kombucha in terms of providing abundant nutrients as well as a pleasant flavor and has the potential to be used to develop a functional beverage with multiple health benefits.Significance and NoveltyIn this study, TB with high nutritional value was used for the first time as a fermentation substrate to enhance bioactive compounds and sensory properties in traditional kombucha beverages.
Multifunctional flame‐retardant co‐based interlayer for improving lithium−sulphur batteries performance
Authors: Yang Shihan , Cao Yongan , Zhu Tianjiao , Chen Yuchao , Wang Wenju , Meng Shaoliang , Wu Delin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLithium–sulphur batteries (LSBs) have elicited great interest due to their remarkably high energy density. However, challenges such as the dissolution of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), low reaction kinetics, and safety concerns associated with LSBs impede large‐scale application. In this work, a multifunctional Co‐HP‐GC interlayer was prepared using evaporation, refluxing, and impregnation procedures. Notably, after ignition, this interlayer retained its structural integrity, indicative of excellent flame retardancy and thermal stability. Furthermore, the addition of cobalt atoms augmented the cyclic performance of the batteries by expediting the redox kinetics of LiPSs transformation and electron transfer at the interface. The electrodeposition capacity of Li2S cathode with Co‐HP‐GC interlayer reached up to 199.2 mAh g−1, higher than the 155.7 mAh g−1 achieved with a graphene oxide/carbonized fibre paper (G‐CCP) interlayer. This, in turn, curtails the shuttle effect whilst improving sulphur utilization. LSBs possessing a Co‐HP‐GC interlayer demonstrated superior cyclic and rate performance. At 0.5 C, the initial specific capacity of the battery fitted with a Co‐HP‐GC interlayer was 915.8 mAh g−1, with the rate of attenuation reduced by approximately half. The strategy integrates the multifunctional flame‐retardant interlayer into various battery systems, demonstrating wide‐ranging potential applicability within the realm of LSBs.
Mapping the avian visual tectofugal pathway using 3D reconstruction
Authors: Straight Parker J. , Gignac Paul M. , Kuenzel Wayne J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractImage processing in amniotes is usually accomplished by the thalamofugal and/or tectofugal visual systems. In laterally eyed birds, the tectofugal system dominates with functions such as color and motion processing, spatial orientation, stimulus identification, and localization. This makes it a critical system for complex avian behavior. Here, the brains of chicks, Gallus gallus, were used to produce serial brain sections in either coronal, sagittal, or horizontal planes and stained with either Nissl and Gallyas silver myelin or Luxol fast blue stain and cresyl echt violet (CEV). The emerging techniques of diffusible iodine‐based contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) coupled with serial histochemistry in three planes were used to generate a comprehensive three‐dimensional (3D) model of the avian tectofugal visual system. This enabled the 3D reconstruction of tectofugal circuits, including the three primary neuronal projections. Specifically, major components of the system included four regions of the retina, layers of the optic tectum, subdivisions of the nucleus rotundus in the thalamus, the entopallium in the forebrain, and supplementary components connecting into or out of this major avian visual sensory system. The resulting 3D model enabled a better understanding of the structural components and connectivity of this complex system by providing a complete spatial organization that occupied several distinct brain regions. We demonstrate how pairing diceCT with traditional histochemistry is an effective means to improve the understanding of, and thereby should generate insights into, anatomical and functional properties of complicated neural pathways, and we recommend this approach to clarify enigmatic properties of these pathways.
Design and analysis of a coupling coil structure for high‐efficiency wireless charging system for consumer electronics
Authors: Zheng Zonghua , Fang Xin , Zhang Yiming 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis paper introduces a novel type of coupling coil structure that can be used for wireless charging of consumer electronics. The coupling loop configuration includes an eight‐shaped transceiver coil and dual rectangular coils integrated on the printed circuit board (PCB). Moreover, when numerous transmitting coils of this structure are staged in parallel, it can sustain a consistent mutual inductance even when the receiver coil is not aligned, which can efficiently stabilize output power during charging. The article first models three different coil structures based on circuit theory and simulates their electromagnetic fields in commercial software and then performs a comparison among the three types of coils. Finally, it verifies the anti‐offset capability of the modified structure through a 25 W wireless power transmission experimental platform. The experimental outcomes are in accordance with the simulation and theoretical analysis, and compared with traditional dual‐transmitting coil structures, better overall power transmission efficiency has been achieved.
Transformer‐less drive and operation stability analysis of dielectric barrier discharge using a double resonance circuit
Authors: Tamida Taichiro , Nagata Ryota , Itani Taiga 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA dielectric barrier discharge load (DBD) with a maintenance voltage of 1.5 kV has been successfully driven stably from a 48 V inverter only by resonance voltage boost and no transformer. The proposed circuit consists of a two‐stage resonant circuit. The circuit operation is investigated using both prototyping measurement and circuit simulation, which shows that despite the high Q value, the design margin and operating stability of the circuit are extremely wide. It is found that this operational stability can be explained by considering the impedance characteristics of DBD. We believe that the circuit is suitable for driving discharge loads such as DBD in practical applications.
Modal analysis of earthquake records for dams using stochastic subspace based on error analysis
Authors: Pourgholi Mehran , Ghannadi Mahin , Gavgani Saba Sadeghi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSystem identification based on seismic data is crucial for updating numerical analyses and implementing health monitoring strategies for critical structures such as dams. However, most system identification methods have been developed with the assumption of white noise and stationarity of excitations, which is inconsistent with the nature of seismic data. As a result, the systems estimated from such methods are often associated with high uncertainties, making obtaining accurate and reliable results challenging. In this study, a new figure of merit (FOM) is proposed for tracking the ill‐conditioning of systems by analyzing the errors in stochastic subspace identification (SSI) through the inversion process. Unlike the condition number, which measures the ratio between the largest and smallest singular values, this FOM uses all singular values to assess the system's ill‐conditioning comprehensively. A semi‐automatic identification method based on SSI has been developed using the proposed FOM. The optimal dimensions of the Hankel matrix are obtained so that none of the system error components dominate. Frequency/damping clustering is used to overcome the identified system's over‐determination and remove outliers. Finally, the complexity of the modal shapes resulting from clustering is examined to validate the structural modal characteristics. The procedure was validated using seismic data from the Finite Element Model of Koyna Dam. It identified the first four modal frequencies of the structure with less than 2% error rate. The average error in estimating damping ratios was below 20%. The algorithm was then used to analyze the seismic monitoring data of Pacoima Dam for the Chino Hill 2008 and Granada Hills 2020 earthquakes. Despite the closely spaced Pacoima Dam modes, the study demonstrated excellent accuracy and robust methodology performance. By distinguishing the structural modes related to the dam body from other modes of the “dam‐foundation‐reservoir” system, the proposed method helps to determine the existing model's nonlinearity.
Temporal evolution of the extreme excursions of multivariate k$$ k $$th order Markov processes with application to oceanographic data
Authors: Tendijck Stan , Jonathan Philip , Randell David , Tawn Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe develop two models for the temporal evolution of extreme events of multivariate th order Markov processes. The foundation of our methodology lies in the conditional extremes model of Heffernan and Tawn (Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodology), 2014, 66, 497–546), and it naturally extends the work of Winter and Tawn (Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics), 2016, 65, 345–365; Extremes, 2017, 20, 393–415) and Tendijck et al. (Environmetrics 2019, 30, e2541) to include multivariate random variables. We use cross‐validation‐type techniques to develop a model order selection procedure, and we test our models on two‐dimensional meteorological‐oceanographic data with directional covariates for a location in the northern North Sea. We conclude that the newly‐developed models perform better than the widely used historical matching methodology for these data.
Implementation of an all‐age eating disorders service in the National health service in England: The Dorset experience
Authors: Newell Ciarán 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article provides a commentary on the development of an integrated all‐age eating disorders service in the Eating disorders service within the NHS in Dorset. Previously separate services existed for those under the age of 18 and those age 18 and over. The change from traditional age based services to the all age service was prompted by the observed problems with transitions for patients, their families and the service such as discontinuities in care, and distress to patients and families. In addition the literature on transitions although limited in eating disorders showed that patient and carer perspectives were mostly negative about transitions. The aim was to create an all‐age service working with patients of different ages, through developing the competencies of the team to appropriately meet the needs of the all age population. This paper describes the context and rationale for this change, its implementation using the organisational change policy approach to service transformation, including addressing the concerns of the stakeholders (patients, carers, staff, and mental health service commissioners), as well as observed changes in the service and its development. Since the all‐age service started in 2016, new research has become available on both the improvement of the transition experience and the potential advantages of all‐age services and relevant aspects are discussed.
From nature to cancer therapy: Evaluating the Streptomyces clavuligerus secondary metabolites for potential protein kinase inhibitors
Authors: Saini Ravi , Kumari Sonali , Singh Amit , Mishra Abha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, protein kinase inhibitory (PKIs) potential, cytotoxicity activity of Streptomyces clavuligerus extract. DPPH assay revealed a robust free radical scavenging capacity (IC50 28.90 ± 0.24 µg/mL) of organic extract with a maximum inhibition percentage of 61 ± 1.04%. PKIs assay revealed the formation of a whitish bald zone by S. clavuligerus extracts which indicates the presence of PKIs. The cytotoxicity activity of organic fraction of extract through Sulforhodamine B assay on MCF‐7, Hop‐62, SiHa, and PC‐3 cell lines demonstrated the lowest GI50 value against the MCF‐7 cell line followed by the PC‐3 cell line, showing potent growth inhibitory potential against human breast cancer and human prostate cancer cell line. HR‐LCMS analysis identified multiple secondary metabolites from the organic and aqueous extracts of S. clavuligerus when incubated at 30°C under 200 rpm for 3 days. All the secondary metabolites were elucidated for their potential to inhibit RTKs by molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, MM/GBSA calculations, and free energy approach. It revealed the superior inhibitory potential of epirubicin (Epi) and dodecaprenyl phosphate‐galacturonic acid (DPGA) against fibroblast growth factors receptor (FGFR). Epi also exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against the platelet‐derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), while DPGA effectively inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. Additionally, the presence Epi in S. clavuligerus extract was validated through the HPLC technique. Thus, our findings highlight a superior inhibitory potential of Epi against FGFR and PDGFR RTKs than the FDA‐approved drug.
In silico and structure‐based evaluation of deleterious mutations identified in human Chk1, Chk2, and Wee1 protein kinase
Authors: Colaco Venessa , Goswami Nabajyoti , Goel Vijay Kumar , Srivastava Sunil Kumar , Lalrohlua Pachuau , Senthil Kumar Nachimuthu , Borah Probodh , Baruah Reshita , Varma Ashok K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCheckpoint kinases Chk1, Chk2, Wee1 are playing a key role in DNA damage response and genomic integrity. Cancer‐associated mutations identified in human Chk1, Chk2, and Wee1 were retrieved to understand the function associated with the mutation and also alterations in the folding pattern. Therefore, an attempt has been made to identify deleterious effect of variants using in silico and structure‐based approach. Variants of uncertain significance for Chk1, Chk2, and Wee1 were retrieved from different databases and four prediction servers were employed to predict pathogenicity of mutations. Further, Interpro, I‐Mutant 3.0, Consurf, TM‐align, and have (y)our protein explained were used for comprehensive study of the deleterious effects of variants. The sequences of Chk1, Chk2, and Wee1 were analyzed using Clustal Omega, and the three‐dimensional structures of the proteins were aligned using TM‐align. The molecular dynamics simulations were performed to explore the differences in folding pattern between Chk1, Chk2, Wee1 wild‐type, and mutant protein and also to evaluate the structural integrity. Thirty‐six variants in Chk1, 250 Variants in Chk2, and 29 in Wee1 were categorized as pathogenic using in silico prediction tools. Furthermore, 25 mutations in Chk1, 189 in Chk2, and 14 in Wee1 were highly conserved, possessing deleterious effect and also influencing the protein structure and function. These identified mutations may provide underlying genetic intricacies to serve as potential targets for therapeutic inventions and clinical management.
SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleocapsid protein enhances the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species
Authors: Yu Haiyun , Yang Lu , Han Zhennan , Zhou Xiaoyu , Zhang Zihan , Sun Tianli , Zheng Fang , Yang Jingzhi , Guan Fei , Xie Jungang , Liu Chaohong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pathogenesis is influenced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms implicated remain poorly understood. The nucleocapsid (N) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the main driver for this condition, is a structural protein indispensable for viral replication and assembly, and its role in ROS production has not been reported. This study shows that SARS‐CoV‐2 N protein expression enhances mitochondrial ROS level. Bulk RNA‐sequencing suggests of aberrant redox state of the electron transport chain. Accordingly, this protein hinders ATP production but simultaneously augments the activity of complexes I and III, and most mitochondrially encoded complex I and III proteins are upregulated by it. Mechanistically, N protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 shows significant mitochondrial localization. It interacts with mitochondrial transcription components and stabilizes them. Moreover, it also impairs the activity of antioxidant enzymes with or without detectable interaction.
Network meta analysis to predict the efficacy of an approved treatment in a new indication
Authors: Proper Jennifer L. , Chu Haitao , Prajapati Purvi , Sonksen Michael D. , Murray Thomas A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDrug repurposing refers to the process of discovering new therapeutic uses for existing medicines. Compared to traditional drug discovery, drug repurposing is attractive for its speed, cost, and reduced risk of failure. However, existing approaches for drug repurposing involve complex, computationally‐intensive analytical methods that are not widely used in practice. Instead, repurposing decisions are often based on subjective judgments from limited empirical evidence. In this article, we develop a novel Bayesian network meta‐analysis (NMA) framework that can predict the efficacy of an approved treatment in a new indication and thereby identify candidate treatments for repurposing. We obtain predictions using two main steps: first, we use standard NMA modeling to estimate average relative effects from a network comprised of treatments studied in both indications in addition to one treatment studied in only one indication. Then, we model the correlation between relative effects using various strategies that differ in how they model treatments across indications and within the same drug class. We evaluate the predictive performance of each model using a simulation study and find that the model minimizing root mean squared error of the posterior median for the candidate treatment depends on the amount of available data, the level of correlation between indications, and whether treatment effects differ, on average, by drug class. We conclude by discussing an illustrative example in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and find that the candidate treatment has a high probability of success in a future trial.
Radial compressed sensing imaging improves the velocity detection limit of single cell tracking time‐lapse MRI
Authors: Wilken Enrica , Havlas Asli , Masthoff Max , Moussavi Amir , Boretius Susann , Faber Cornelius 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTime‐lapse MRI enables tracking of single iron‐labeled cells. Yet, due to temporal blurring, only slowly moving cells can be resolved. To study faster cells for example during inflammatory processes, accelerated acquisition is needed.MethodsA rotating phantom system was developed to quantitatively measure the current maximum detectable speed of cells in time‐lapse MRI. For accelerated cell tracking, an interleaved radial acquisition scheme was applied to phantom and murine brain in vivo time‐lapse MRI experiments at 9.4 T. Detection of iron‐labeled cells was evaluated in fully sampled and undersampled reconstructions with and without compressed sensing.ResultsThe rotating phantom system enabled ultra‐slow rotation of phantoms and a velocity detection limit of full‐brain Cartesian time‐lapse MRI of up to 172 μm/min was determined. Both phantom and in vivo measurements showed that single cells can be followed dynamically using radial time‐lapse MRI. Higher temporal resolution of undersampled reconstructions reduced geometric distortion, the velocity detection limit was increased to 1.1 mm/min in vitro, and previously hidden fast‐moving cells were recovered. In the mouse brain after in vivo labeling, a total of 42 ± 4 cells were counted in fully sampled, but only 7 ± 1 in undersampled images due to streaking artifacts. Using compressed sensing 33 ± 4 cells were detected.ConclusionInterleaved radial time‐lapse MRI permits retrospective reconstruction of both fully sampled and accelerated images, enables single cell tracking at higher temporal resolution and recovers cells hidden before due to blurring. The velocity detection limit as determined with the rotating phantom system increased two‐ to three‐fold compared to previous results.
Velocity selective spin labeling using parallel transmission
Authors: Wu Chia‐Yin , Jin Jin , Dixon Carl , Maillet Donald , Barth Markus , Cloos Martijn A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeUltra‐high field (UHF) provides improved SNR which greatly benefits SNR starved imaging techniques such as perfusion imaging. However, transmit field (B1+) inhomogeneities commonly observed at UHF hinders the excitation uniformity. Here we show how replacing standard excitation pulses with parallel transmit pulses can improve efficiency of velocity selective labeling.MethodsThe standard tip‐down and tip‐up excitation pulses found in a velocity selective preparation module were replaced with tailored non‐selective kT‐points pulse solutions. Bloch simulations and experimental validation on a custom‐built flow phantom and in vivo was performed to evaluate different pulse configurations in circularly polarized mode (CP‐mode) and parallel transmit (pTx) mode.ResultsTailored pTx pulses significantly improved velocity selective labeling fidelity and signal uniformity. The transverse magnetization normalized RMS error was reduced from 0.489 to 0.047 when compared to standard rectangular pulses played in CP‐mode. Simulations showed that manipulation of time symmetry in the tailored pTx pulses is vital in minimizing residual magnetization. In addition, in vivo experiments achieved a 44% lower RF power output and a shorter pulse duration when compared to using adiabatic pulses in CP‐mode.ConclusionUsing tailored pTx pulses for excitation within a velocity selective labeling preparation mitigated transmit field artifacts and improved SNR and contrast fidelity. The improvement in labeling efficiency highlights the potential of using pTx to improve robustness and accessibility of flow‐based sequences such as velocity selective spin labeling at ultra‐high field.