bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the transcriptomic signatures of Parkinson’s disease and major depression using single-cell and bulk data
Authors: Christodoulou Christiana C. , Onisiforou Anna , Zanos Panos , Papanicolaou Eleni Zamba 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundMotor symptoms are well-characterized in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, non-motor symptoms, such as depression, are commonly observed and can appear up to 10 years before motor features, resulting in one-third of individuals being misdiagnosed with a neuropsychiatric disorder. Thus, identifying diagnostic biomarkers is crucial for accurate PD diagnosis during its prodromal or early stages.MethodsWe employed an integrative approach, combining single nucleus RNA and bulk mRNA transcriptomics to perform comparative molecular signatures analysis between PD and major depressive disorder (MDD). We examined 39,834 nuclei from PD (GSE202210) and 32,707 nuclei from MDD (GSE144136) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) of Brodmann area 9. Additionally, we analyzed bulk mRNA peripheral blood samples from PD compared to controls (GSE49126, GSE72267), as well as MDD compared to controls (GSE39653).ResultsOur findings show a higher proportion of astrocytes, and oligodendrocyte cells in the dlPFC of individuals with PD vs. MDD. The excitatory to inhibitory neurons (E/I) ratio analysis indicates that MDD has a ratio close to normal 80/20, while PD has a ratio of 62/38, indicating increased inhibition in the dlPFC. Microglia displayed the most pronounced differences in gene expression profiles between the two conditions. In PD, microglia display a pro-inflammatory phenotype, while in MDD, they regulate synaptic transmission through oligodendrocyte-microglia crosstalk. Analysis of bulk mRNA blood samples revealed that the COL5A, MID1, ZNF148, and CD22 genes were highly expressed in PD, whereas the DENR and RNU1G2 genes were highly expressed in MDD. CD22 is involved in B-cell activation and the negative regulation of B-cell receptor signaling. Additionally, CD86, which provides co-stimulatory signals for T-cell activation and survival, was found to be a commonly differentially expressed gene in both conditions. Pathway analysis revealed several immune-related pathways common in both conditions, including the complement and coagulation cascade, and B-cell receptor signaling.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that bulk peripheral immune cells play a role in both conditions, but neuroinflammation in the dlPFC specifically manifests in PD as evidenced by the analysis of single nucleus dlPFC datasets. Integrating these two omics levels offers a better understanding of the shared and distinct molecular pathophysiology of PD and MDD in both the periphery and the brain. These findings could lead to potential diagnostic biomarkers, improving accuracy and guiding pharmacological treatments.
Early versus delayed computed tomography-guided celiac plexus neurolysis for palliative pain management in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lu Fan , Wang Xiaojia , Tian Jie , Li Xuehan 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAbdominal and back pain is the most frequent symptom in patients with pancreatic cancer, with pain management being extremely challenging. This study aimed to evaluate pain control, opioid consumption, pain-interfered quality of life, and survival after early and delayed computed tomography (CT)-guided celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN).MethodsA retrospective analysis of pancreatic cancer patients receiving CPN for pain (n = 56) between June 2018 and June 2021 was done. The patients were grouped as early group (n = 22) and delayed group (n = 34) on the basis of the presence of persistent refractory pain according to expert consensus on refractory cancer pain.ResultsBoth groups were comparable in demographic characteristics and baseline pain conditions measured using the numeric rating scale (5.77 ± 1.23 vs. 6.27 ± 1.21; p = 0.141). The pain scores were significantly reduced in both groups; early CPN resulted in significantly lower scores from 3 to 5 months. The opioid consumption gradually decreased to a minimum at 2 weeks but increased at 1 month (35.56 ± 30.14 mg and 50.48 ± 47.90 mg, respectively); significantly larger consumption from 2 to 4 months was seen in the delayed group. The total pain interference was lower than baseline in all patients, with significant improvement after early CPN in sleep, appetite, enjoyment of life, and mood. The average survival time of the two groups was comparable.ConclusionEarly application of CT-guided CPN for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer may help reduce pain exacerbation and opioids consumption, without influencing the survival.
Tumor suppressive miR-99b-5p as an epigenomic regulator mediating mTOR/AR/SMARCD1 signaling axis in aggressive prostate cancer
Authors: Waseem Mohammad , Gujrati Himali , Wang Bi-Dar 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAfrican American (AA) men exhibited 2.3-fold higher PCa incidence and 1.7-fold higher PCa mortality rates when compared to the European American (EA) men. Besides the socioeconomic factors, emerging evidence has highlighted that biological risk factors may play critical roles in the AA PCa disparities. Previously, we have shown that downregulated miR-99b-5p and upregulated mTOR cooperatively promotes the AA PCa aggressiveness and drug resistance. MethodsIn this study, we aimed to explore the miR-99b-5p/mTOR/AR/SMARCD1 signaling axis in AA PCa aggressiveness. The analyses used in the study included immunofluorescence, western blot, in-vitro functional assays (TUNEL, colony forming, and MTT), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR assays in 2D and/or 3D culture model of EA PCa and AA PCa cell lines.ResultsSpecifically, the immunofluorescence staining, and western blot analysis has revealed that nuclear mTOR, AR, and SMARCD1 were highly expressed in AA PCa (MDA PCa 2b) compared to EA PCa (LNCaP) cell line. Western blot analysis further revealed that miR-99b-5p inhibited protein levels of mTOR, AR/AR-V7 and SMARCD1 in cytoplasm and nuclei of EA and AA PCa. The in-vitro functional (MTT, TUNEL, and clonogenic) assays have demonstrated that miR-99b-5p effectively inhibited cell proliferation/survival and induced cell apoptosis in EA and AA PCa cells. Moreover, combination of miR-99b-5p and enzalutamide (Enz) synergistically enhances the cytotoxicity against aggressive AA PCa and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). mTOR ChIP-qPCR assays further demonstrated that miR-99b-5p or miR-99b-5p/Enz significantly reduces the recruitment of mTOR to the genes involved in the metabolic reprogramming in CRPC.DiscussionTaken together, miR-99b-5p may function as an epigenomic driver to modulate the mTOR/AR/SMARCD1 signaling axis in AA PCa and resistant CRPC.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy with CyberKnife® System for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer: clinical outcomes and toxicities of CyPro Trial
Authors: Borzillo Valentina , Scipilliti Esmeralda , Pezzulla Donato , Serra Marcello , Ametrano Gianluca , Quarto Giuseppe , Perdonà Sisto , Rossetti Sabrina , Pignata Sandro , Crispo Anna , Di Gennaro Piergiacomo , D’Alesio Valentina , Arrichiello Cecilia , Buonanno Francesca , Mercogliano Simona , Russo Antonio , Tufano Antonio , Di Franco Rossella , Muto Paolo 
Published: November 2023

Simple summaryStereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) of 35–36.25 Gy in five fractions with the CyberKnife System yields excellent control with low toxicity in low–intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients. We found no differences in biochemical control and overall survival in relation to dose. There were no significant differences in toxicity or quality of life between the two groups.AimsStereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an emerging therapeutic approach for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer. We present retrospective data on biochemical control, toxicity, and quality of life of CyPro Trial.Materials and methodsA total of 122 patients with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer were treated with the CyberKnife System at a dose of 35 Gy or 36.25 Gy in five fractions. Biochemical failure (BF)/biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS) was defined using the Phoenix method (nadir + 2 ng/ml). Acute/late rectal and urinary toxicities were assessed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) toxicity scale. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ C30 and PR25. International Erectile Function Index-5 (IIEF5) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaires were administered at baseline, every 3 months after treatment during the first years, and then at 24 months and 36 months.ResultsThe 1-, 2-, and 5-year DFS rates were 92.9%, 92.9%, and 92.3%, respectively, while the 1-, 2-, and 5-year bDFS rates were 100%, 100%, and 95.7%, respectively. With regard to risk groups or doses, no statistically significant differences were found in terms of DFS or bDFS. Grade 2 urinary toxicity was acute in 10% and delayed in 2% of patients. No Grade 3 acute and late urinary toxicity was observed. Grade 2 rectal toxicity was acute in 8% and late in 1% of patients. No Grade 3–4 acute and late rectal toxicity was observed. Grade 2 acute toxicity appeared higher in the high-dose group (20% in the 36.25-Gy group versus 3% in the 35-Gy group) but was not statistically significant.ConclusionOur study confirms that SBRT of 35–36.25 Gy in five fractions with the CyberKnife System produces excellent control with low toxicity in patients with low–intermediate-risk prostate cancer. We found no dose-related differences in biochemical control and overall survival. Further confirmation of these results is awaited through the prospective phase of this study, which is still ongoing.
Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients for diabetic cardiomyopathy: molecular mechanisms regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Ao Lianjun , Chen Zhengtao , Yin Jiacheng , Leng Yulin , Luo Yue , Fu Xiaoxu , Liu Hanyu , Liu Xiaoke , Gao Hong , Xie Chunguang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. It is often associated with clinical manifestations such as arrhythmias and heart failure, and significantly reduces the quality of life and years of survival of patients. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is the removal of unfolded and misfolded proteins and is an important mechanism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. ERS plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DCM by causing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, insulin resistance, calcium imbalance, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Targeting ERS is a new direction in the treatment of DCM. A large number of studies have shown that Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients can significantly improve the clinical outcome of DCM patients through intervention in ERS and effects on myocardial structure and function, which has become one of the hot research directions.Purpose: The aim of this review is to elucidate and summarize the roles and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients that have the potential to modulate endoplasmic reticulum stress, thereby contributing to better management of DCM.Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Internet, and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform were used to search, analyze, and collect literature, in order to review the mechanisms by which phytochemicals inhibit the progression of DCM by targeting the ERS and its key signaling pathways. Keywords used included “diabetic cardiomyopathy” and “endoplasmic reticulum stress.”Results: This review found that Chinese herbs and their active ingredients can regulate ERS through IRE1, ATF6, and PERK pathways to reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis, ameliorate myocardial fibrosis, and attenuate myocardial hypertrophy for the treatment of DCM.Conclusion: A comprehensive source of information on potential ERS inhibitors is provided in this review. The analysis of the literature suggests that Chinese herbal medicine and its active ingredients can be used as potential drug candidates for the treatment of DCM. In short, we cannot ignore the role of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating ERS and treating DCM, and look forward to more research and new drugs to come.
Digital health care service reform and health inequity for older people: a quasi-natural experiment in China
Authors: Qi Xinzhu , Feng Tieying , Deng Renyi 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveAddressing health inequity (HI) for older people is a pivotal global public health concern, as it impedes the process of healthy ageing. The digital health care service reform (DHSR) emerges as a progressive public health approach to enhance the health and well-being of older adults by providing comprehensive and equitable medical services. This study elucidates the association between DHSR and HI for older individuals to augment comprehension of DHSR implementation.MethodsThe initiation of the action plan for smart health and eldercare (SHE) in 2017 serves as a quasi-natural experiment. Utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015 and 2018, a propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to select samples, and a difference-in-differences (DID) regression was used to ascertain the net effect of DHSR on HI for older individuals in China. This methodology mitigates selection bias and segregates the DHSR effect from temporal shifts or other occurrences.ResultsThe PSM-DID analysis reveals that DHSR reduced the HI index for older individuals by 0.301 (p &lt; 0.01). Heterogeneity analyses indicate that the effect of DHSR was more pronounced in older males (−0.333, p &lt; 0.01) than females (−0.251, p &lt; 0.05). The impact of DHSR was notably higher for older population in the western (−0.557, p &lt; 0.01) and central regions (−0.318, p &lt; 0.05) compared to the eastern region, where the relationship was statistically non-significant.ConclusionThe results demonstrate that DHSR plays a vital role in diminishing HI, fostering inclusive growth in public health. The study underscores the imperative of sustained DHSR endeavours and allocating resources to key older demographics to substantially mitigate HI.
Causal association between air pollution and frailty: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xiao Haixia , Huang Shan , Yang Wei , Zhang Wenni , Xiao Huanshun , Cai Shuangming 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundsFrailty is a significant problem for older persons since it is linked to a number of unfavorable consequences. According to observational researches, air pollution may raise the risk of frailty. We investigated the causal association between frailty and air pollution (including PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides) using Mendelian randomization approach.MethodsWe conducted MR analysis using extensive publically accessible GWAS (genome-wide association studies) summary data. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analysis method. The weighted median model, MR-Egger, simple model, and weighted model approaches were chosen for quality control. The Cochran’s Q test was utilized to evaluate heterogeneity. Pleiotropy is found using the MR-Egger regression test. The MR-PRESSO method was used to recognize outliers. The leave-one-out strategy was used to conduct the sensitivity analysis.ResultsMR results suggested that PM2.5 was statistically significantly associated with frailty [odds ratio (OR) = 1.33; 95%confidence interval (CI) = 1.12–1.58, p = 0.001] in IVW method. We observed no statistical association between PM2.5–10(OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.79–1.28, p = 0.979), PM10(OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.75–1.11, p = 0.364), nitrogen dioxide (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.85–1.12, p = 0.730), nitrogen oxides (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.98–1.36, p = 0.086) and frailty. There was no pleiotropy in the results. The sensitivity analysis based on the leave-one-out method showed that the individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) did not affect the robustness of the results.ConclusionThe current MR investigation shows a causal association between PM2.5 and frailty. Frailty’s detrimental progression may be slowed down with the help of air pollution prevention and control.
Statistical analysis of equatorial electrojet responses to the transient changes of solar wind conditions
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Li Qiaoling , Li Shuhan , Liu Jing 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Prior case studies have indicated that changes in solar wind conditions have a significant impact on equatorial ionospheric electrodynamics. However, there have been limited statistical studies on this topic, impairing our understanding of the coupling between solar wind, magnetosphere, and equatorial ionosphere electrodynamics.Methods: In this study, we conducted a superposed epoch analysis of long-term data from the South America equatorial electrojet (EEJ) spanning from 2001 to 2021 examining the responses of the equatorial ionospheric electric field to step-like changes in solar wind velocity, density, dynamic pressure, and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz.Result: Our study shows that step-like changes in solar wind velocity, density, and dynamic pressure can trigger changes in EEJ within ∼20–40 min. EEJ exhibits the highest sensitivity to variations in solar wind velocity while being relatively less sensitive to changes in dynamic pressure. Furthermore, the response of EEJ shows greater responsiveness to northward IMF Bz compared to southward IMF Bz.Discussion: Our work provides statistical evidence of how changes in solar wind can lead to changes in low-latitude ionospheric EEJ. We inferred that the changes in solar wind conditions cause magnetospheric deformation and changes in magnetic reconnection rates, leading to the fluctuations of the ionospheric electric field and the resultant EEJ variations.
Effect of Different Host Plants on Life Type Characteristics of Three Spider Mite Pests (Acari: Prostigmata: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Mushtaq Hafiz Muhammad Saqib , Ali Hafiz Muhammad Sajid , Kamran Muhammad , Alatawi Fahad Jaber 
Published: November 2023

The present study evaluated the host plant effect on life type characteristics of three important spider mite pest species, Tetranychus urticae Koch, Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein), and E. palmatus Attiah (Acari: Prostigmata: Tetranychidae), based on both field and laboratory observations. The polyphagous species, T. urticae with complicated web (CW-u) life type, occupying unstable habitats, showed variations in the sites for quiescence (SQ), sites for oviposition (SO), sites for defecation (SD), and webbing density (WD) on different annual/perennial host plants. The SQ, SO, and SD of T. urticae were observed either on the leaf, web threads, or trichomes. Tetranychus urticae constructed the lowest WD on tomato plants and the highest WD on maize/mulberry plants. Two spider mite species of the genus Eutetranychus Banks, the polyphagous E. orientalis and the oligophagous E. palmatus, inhabit stable host plants, depicted in the little web (LW-j) life types with persistency in all characteristics on different plants. It is concluded that polyphagous spider mites have restricted their life types, showing their high adaptability to utilize the resources of different host plants for survival with slight variation in some important life type characteristics.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Keluhan Selama Masa Nifas Dengan Metode Dempster Shafer
Authors: Wijayanti Tita 
Published: November 2023

Masa nifas adalah masa setelah persalinan atau dapat juga diartikan sebagai masa pulih kembali yang dimana organ-organ reproduksi akan mengalami perubahan seperti keadaan pra hamil dengan memerlukan waktu kurang lebih 6 minggu. Dewasa kini, seringkali fokus utama bagi ibu dan bayi banyak tertuju pada masa kehamilan dan persalinan, sedangkan pada masa nifas seorang ibu juga rentan terserang penyakit seperti endometritis, metritis, mastitis, abses payudara, infeksi saluran kemih, thromboplebitis, infeksi luka perineum, infeksi luka post SC, perdarahan pospartum dan baby blues yang dapat bertambah parah jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengimplementasikan metode Dempster Shafer pada aplikasi sistem pakar dan menguji tingkat keakuratan sistem dalam mengidentifikasi penyakit yang dapat menyerang selama masa nifas serta memberikan solusi penanganan dari hasil diagnosa. Aplikasi sistem pakar ini menghasilkan keluaran atau diagnosa berupa kemungkinan penyakit yang diderita berdasarkan keluhan atau gejala yang dialami pasien serta menampilkan besarnya nilai kepercayaan terhadap penyakit tersebut yang diperoleh dari perhitungan dengan menggunakan Dempster Shafer. Sistem ini diuji dengan menggunakan pengujian akurasi yang dimana dilakukan perbandingan antara hasil diagnosa sistem dengan hasil diagnosa pakar. Tingkat akurasi sistem dalam penelitian ini mencapai 93%, yang menunjukkan tingkat kehandalan yang tinggi dalam memberikan diagnosa yang tepat.
Kata Kunci: Penyakit pada Masa Nifas, Sistem Pakar, Dempster Shafer
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT IN PROCESSING CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L) AS HAND SANITIZER IN NEIGHBOURHOOD (RW) NUMBER 05 OF BABAKAN LOA STREET, NORTH CIMAHI
Authors: Kurniati Iis , Sufa Hafizah Ilmi , Marliana Nina , Dermawan Asep 
Published: November 2023

Background: The corona virus diseases 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has continued to infect the world's population in the last two years, including in Indonesia which the number of positive cases of the corona virus is already above 1.5 million people. In our country, health protocol that is effective enough to prevent transmission of the corona virus is known as 5M, including washing hands thoroughly. For maximum results, it is recommended to wash your hands for at least 20 seconds several times a day. To kill viruses and other pathogenic bacteria, it is recommended to wash hands using soap or hand sanitizer with alcohol or other antibacterial substances at least 60% concentration.
Method used is technology transfer through counseling, training and mentoring in the neighbourhood (RW) 05 Babakan Loa Street, Cimahi Utara area is processing celery to be used as a hand sanitizer.
Result: After receiving learning materials and demonstration from team, each participants who are represented by the Chair of RW 05 Babakan Loa Street, North Cimahi, received handbooks which containing guidelines for processing celery as hand sanitizer. In addition, participant also received materials and equipment needed for processing celery as hand sanitizer so that can do experience independently or in team work.
Conclusion: So that, this activity can help implement health protocols in terms of washing hands and preventing the spread of COVID-19.
Oscypek na nowo
Authors: Ceklarz Katarzyna 
Published: November 2023

Artykuł dotyczy tradycyjnych produktów serowarskich pochodzenia owczego (oscypka, bundzu, a także bryndzy), wykorzystywanych do tworzenia współczesnych dań restauracyjnych. Oparty został na analizie oferty gastronomicznej wiodących podhalańskich restauracji i karczm oraz obserwacji uczestniczącej prowadzonej od wielu lat. Podstawowym celem jest ukazanie z jednej strony możliwości kulinarnych, jakie dają te wyroby mleczarskie (tworzenia nowych, oryginalnych potraw), a z drugiej sposobu kreowania nowoczesnej oferty turystyki kulinarnej pod Tatrami, która z nazwy często jest „tradycyjna”, a w rzeczywistości coraz częściej „foodparingowa”. Przybliżony został także wątek „fałszywych” oscypków nagminnie produkowanych pod Tatrami. W dalszej części tekst omawia zagadnienie inspiracji oscypkiem widocznych m.in. w przemyśle pamiątkarskim, cukierniczym, jubilerskim i modowym, a także w architekturze i wystroju wnętrz. Osobny akapit poświęcono złożonym produktom turystycznym, bazującym na popularności oscypka wśród turystów, takim jak m.in. Muzeum Oscypka w Zakopanem i kulturowe szlaki tematyczne.