bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiment and numerical simulation study of thermal fatigue of an aluminum alloy piston
Authors: Li Ziliang , Zhu Ye , Xiong Peiyou , Zheng Hongguo , Wang Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, a magneto‐thermo‐structural coupling finite element method was proposed to calculate the electromagnetic field, temperature field, stress field, and strain field of an aluminum alloy piston during thermal shock process. The computed temperature results at the measurement points of T3 and T4 agree well with the measured data. The concept of tensile strain energy density was proposed as a thermal fatigue damage parameter, and the thermal fatigue life of the piston was predicted on the basis of the calculated results by magneto‐thermo‐structural coupling analysis and tensile strain energy density‐life equation; the discrepancy between the predicted life and the experimental one is 16%. The thermal fatigue failure mechanism of the piston was also clarified. High cyclic stresses occur on the edge of Si due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient of Al and Si; micro cracks first originate on the edge of Si, then grow through combining other micro cracks, and eventually form macro cracks.
Elizabeth Gaskell: An overlooked political economist and proto theorist in the field of industrial relations
Authors: Williams Kristin S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis polemical essay argues that Victorian novelist Elizabeth Gaskell, and her novels North and South, and Mary Barton, portray her as an overlooked, early political economist. The objective of the paper is three‐fold: (1) to dismantle taken‐for‐granted truth claims that Alan Fox is the preeminent thinker on pluralistic forms of employee engagement (2) encourage further development and enlargement of the field and what constitutes its history, and (3) to argue for the recognition of Elizabeth Gaskell as an early political economist. Guiding this exploration is the question: How do we also make sense of Fox’s privileged situatedness in scholarship and the absence of potential early theorists like Gaskell? The paper adopts a feminist reading and polemical writing to engage in feminist critical historiography. The author draws on audience theory to help readers reorient themselves to Gaskell and to help see her as an overlooked political economist. Feminism is conceptually presented as ontology, epistemology, method, and style of writing. Despite the ongoing credit Alan Fox receives as first theorizing the frames of reference and pluralistic forms of engagement starting in the 1960s, Elizabeth Gaskell was contemplating and critiquing the employment relationship starting in the 1850s. She not only provided a rich historical understanding of the inequalities of class and wealth, but her ideas and insights remain unacknowledged in industrial relations scholarship. The paper offers a unique feminist perspective on Elizabeth Gaskell and makes the case that she is neglected early political economist. Further, the paper makes a link between the world of Victorian era fiction as historical understanding of early capitalist society and demonstrates how ideas are taken up by the field in unconscious and unjust ways.
Transcriptomic remodeling of gastric cells by Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Melo Joana , Cavadas Bruno , Pereira Luísa , Figueiredo Ceu , Leite Marina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundOuter membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spontaneously released by Gram‐negative bacteria and influence bacteria‐host interactions by acting as a delivery system for bacterial components and by interacting directly with host cells. Helicobacter pylori, a pathogenic bacterium that chronically colonizes the human stomach, also sheds OMVs, and their impact on bacterial‐mediated diseases is still being elucidated.Materials and MethodsTranscriptomic profiling of the human gastric cell line MKN74 upon challenge with H. pylori OMVs compared to control and infected cells was performed using the Ion AmpliSeq™ Transcriptome Human Gene Expression Panel to understand the gene expression changes that human gastric epithelial cells might undergo when exposed to H. pylori OMVs.ResultsH. pylori OMVs per se modify the gene expression profile of gastric epithelial cells, adding another layer of (gene) regulation to the already complex host‐bacteria interaction. The most enriched pathways include those related to amino acid metabolism, mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling, autophagy, and ferroptosis, whereas the cell cycle, DNA replication, and DNA repair were the most downregulated. The transcriptomic changes induced by OMVs were mostly similar to those induced by the parental bacteria, likely amplifying the effects of the bacterium itself.ConclusionsOur data provide a valuable portrayal of the transcriptomic remodeling of gastric cells induced by H. pylori OMVs. It demonstrates the breadth of cellular pathways and genes affected by OMVs, most previously unreported, which can be further dissected for the underlying molecular mediators and explored to understand the pathobiology of the full spectrum of H. pylori‐mediated diseases.
Learner knowledge of English phrasal verbs: Awareness, confidence, and learning experiences
Authors: Haugh Sam , Takeuchi Osamu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the knowledge of English phrasal verbs (PVs) among Japanese university students. PVs have been described by learners as ambiguous and difficult, often resulting in their avoidance, and much of the literature has focused on how they can be taught effectively. However, it is relatively unknown as to what knowledge learners typically develop on their own without undergoing classroom interventions that focus specifically on PVs. To investigate this issue, a survey on PVs was distributed to eight different departments at universities across Japan resulting in 221 participants, with six students participating in follow‐up interviews. The data from the PV survey provided qualitative data for analysis, the interviews were transcribed, and axial coding was utilized to formulate a holistic examination of the participants’ knowledge of PVs. The results revealed that the participants had an awareness of PVs but had acquired most of them as chunks of language without much knowledge of their individual parts, which was found to lower their confidence and increase their perceived difficulty. Additionally, directional PVs, particularly with go and come, were the easiest for the participants due to L1–L2 similarities. However, their understanding of idiomatic and aspectual PVs appeared to be superficial and lacking.
Breastfeeding and less healthy beverage intake during the first year of life
Authors: Zaltz Daniel A. , Mueller Noel T. , Hoyo Cathrine , Østbye Truls , Benjamin‐Neelon Sara E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBreastfeeding during infancy is associated with healthier beverage consumption later in childhood, but little is known about this relation during infancy. This was a longitudinal study of breastfeeding and less healthy beverage consumption during the first year of life, in a birth cohort study conducted 2013–2018 in the Southeastern United States (n = 666).MethodsWe estimated monthly rates of 100% juice and sugar‐sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption comparing infants who were exclusively or partially breastfed, versus those who were not, in multivariable adjusted models.ResultsMothers had a median age of 26.5 years, 71% identified as Black/African‐American, and 61% reported household incomes <$20 000/year. The prevalence of any breastfeeding during the first month was 78.2% and 18.7% at month 12. By age 12 months, infants consumed juice a mean (SD) 9.1 (10.1) times per week and SSBs 3.6 (9.5) times per week. Breastfed infants had a 38% lower incidence rate of weekly juice consumption (95% CI 52%, 15%, p = 0.003) and a 57% lower incidence rate of weekly SSB consumption (95% CI 76%, 22%, p = 0.006), compared with infants who were not breastfed.ConclusionsResearch on early‐life correlates of dietary health should focus on the earliest beverages, given evidence that consumption of obesogenic beverages may begin prior to age 1 year.
The United Airways Clinic: roadmap of a patient‐centred multidisciplinary approach to the complex airways patient: the Sydney model
Authors: Macfie Deborah , Raftopulos Marco , Eastwood Clare , Katsoulotos Gregory 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSevere asthma is a subset of difficult‐to‐treat asthma which requires a systematic and multidimensional approach including the need to manage multiple comorbidities that mimic asthma. Multidisciplinary care is becoming the standard for the assessment of such patients. Multidisciplinary team (MDT) clinics are virtually nonexistent in the private space. We developed an MDT clinic to handle needs in the private space and found it was an invaluable tool for assessment, reflective practice and professional development.
Artificial intelligence–enabled penicillin allergy delabelling: an implementation study
Authors: Stretton Brandon , Jiang Melinda , Kovoor Joshua , Inglis Joshua M. , Lam Lydia , Tan Sheryn , Yuson Chino , Smith William , Shakib Sepehr , Bacchi Stephen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInaccurate penicillin allergy labels may be delabelled following evaluation. The intervention in this study was an email‐based notification system regarding the appropriateness for penicillin allergy evaluation, with a view to delabelling, as identified by a deep learning artificial intelligence algorithm. Of the intervention group (n = 59), three (5.1%) individuals had their penicillin allergies delabelled, which was significantly more than the control group (0%, P = 0.002). Further research to optimise such approaches is required.
Health locus of control, resilience and self‐efficacy among elderly patients with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Ali Safaa Abdeazem Osman , Alenezi Atallah , Kamel Farida , Mostafa Mona Hamdy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the relationship between health locus control, resilience and self‐efficacy in older adults with psychiatric disorders. This study was conducted using a cross‐sectional design. Sample: A purposive sample of 291 older adults receiving psychiatric outpatient care at Alabbasya Hospital for Mental Health in Cairo was recruited for this study. The data were collected by the following tools: sociodemographic data sheet, the multidimensional health locus of control scale, the general self‐efficacy scale, the brief resilience scale and the general health questionnaire. The study participants reported low levels of health locus of control, low levels of self‐efficacy and normal levels of resilience. Furthermore, we found a strong positive correlation between resilience and general self‐efficacy. The study concluded that older people with psychiatric disorders reported low levels of health locus of control and self‐efficacy, while they experienced normal resilience levels. There was a strong positive correlation between resilience and general self‐efficacy among the study participants. The results of this study can guide healthcare professionals in developing tailored interventions and support programs to improve this population's quality of life and overall mental health outcomes.
Influence of annealing on microstructures and properties of Yb:Lu2O3 transparent ceramics
Authors: Liu Ziyu , Feng Yagang , Toci Guido , Pirri Angela , Patrizi Barbara , Vannini Matteo , Li Jiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, 5at.% Yb:Lu2O3 transparent ceramics were air‐annealed at different temperatures to eliminate oxygen vacancies for laser performance improvement. The influence of annealing temperature on microstructures, optical quality, and laser performance was investigated comprehensively. The ceramics HIP (Hot isostatic pressing) post‐treated at 1750°C and annealed above 1100°C show a significant optical quality decrease due to residual pore expansion, and the ceramic sample annealed at 900°C shows better laser performance than others. The maximum output of 2.88 W was obtained at 1033.3 nm with a slope efficiency of 37.4% under a quasi‐continuous wave (QCW) mode. Note that 5at.% Yb:Lu2O3 transparent ceramics HIP post‐treated at 1550°C still keep good transparency even when being annealed at 1300°C due to less residual compressed pores. The highest slope efficiency is about 73.8% with a maximum output power of 2.84 W under QCW. Fine‐grained and dense Yb:Lu2O3 transparent ceramics could be annealed at higher temperatures to eliminate oxygen vacancies more thoroughly to improve laser performance.
Insights of healthcare professionals regarding waterbirths and water immersion during labour: A mixed studies review
Authors: Chua Joelle Yan Xin , Choolani Mahesh , Lalor Joan Gabrielle , Chong Yap Seng , Shorey Shefaly 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo consolidate healthcare professionals' insights about waterbirths and water immersion during labour.DesignMixed studies review.Data SourcesSeven electronic databases were searched from their inception dates till June 2023: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and Pluye and Hong's mixed studies review framework guided this review. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were synthesized using the convergent qualitative synthesis method, and results were thematically analysed using Braun and Clarke's framework.ResultsThree main themes were identified from the 22 included studies: (1) believing in waterbirths, (2) opposing forces and (3) plotting the course ahead.ConclusionHealthcare professionals reported different views about waterbirths and water immersion practices; midwives were most likely to support these practices, followed by nurses and lastly, few physicians supported them. Reasons for opposing waterbirths include insufficient training and support from colleagues as well as concerns about work efficiency, waterbirth safety and litigation issues.ImpactThe available evidence suggests the need to provide waterbirth training for healthcare professionals, equip healthcare facilities with necessary waterbirth‐related infrastructure and develop appropriate waterbirth policies/guidelines. Healthcare professionals could also consider providing antenatal waterbirth education to women and obtain women's feedback to improve current policies/guidelines. Future research should explore the views of different types of healthcare professionals from more diverse cultures.Reporting MethodThe PRISMA guidelines.No Patient or Public ContributionSystematic review.
Mitigating the impact of family burden on psychological health in parents of children with special needs: Buffering effects of resilience and social support
Authors: Rakap Salih , Vural‐Batik Meryem 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThis study examined the link between perceived family burden among parents of children with moderate and severe disabilities and their psychological health, and the potential moderating roles of resilience and social support.Methods256 parents completed an online questionnaire including Demographic Information Form, Family Burden Assessment Scale, General Health Questionnaire, Brief Resilience Scale, and Revised Parental Social Support Scale.ResultsResults revealed negative associations between resilience, social support, and depression‐anxiety symptoms. Both resilience and social support played moderating roles in the association between family burden and psychological health. Social support buffered the negative association between family burden and psychological health, alongside psychological resilience.Discussion and ConclusionThe study highlights the negative effects of family burden on the psychological health of parents of children with disabilities, but also suggests that resilience and social support can mitigate these effects. Therefore, interventions should consider these factors to enhance the psychological well‐being of parents.
Characteristics of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in young people with PTSD following multiple trauma exposure
Authors: Lofthouse Katie , Beeson Ella , Dalgleish Tim , Danese Andrea , Hodgekins Joanne , Mahoney‐Davies Gerwyn , Smith Patrick , Stallard Paul , Wilson Jon , Meiser‐Stedman Richard 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundComplex PTSD (CPTSD) is a relatively new diagnosis. The objective of the present study was to investigate how trauma characteristics, comorbid psychopathology and cognitive and social factors experienced by children and adolescents with a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis following exposure to multiple traumatic events differs between those who meet the criteria for CPTSD and those who do not.MethodThe present research used baseline data from the DECRYPT trial (BMJ Open, 2021, 11, e047600). Participants (n = 120) were aged 8–17 years and had exposure to multiple traumas and a PTSD diagnosis. The data collected comprised self‐report and parent/caregiver‐report questionnaires and interviews. Three primary analyses were conducted, comparing number of trauma types, prevalence of sexual trauma and prevalence of intrafamilial abuse between the CPTSD and PTSD‐only groups. A range of comorbid psychopathology and cognitive and social factors were compared between the groups in an exploratory secondary analysis. All analyses were preregistered.ResultsThe CPTSD group (n = 72, 60%) had a significantly higher frequency of sexual trauma than the PTSD‐only group (n = 48, 40%). The groups did not significantly differ on number of trauma types or prevalence of intrafamilial abuse. From the secondary analysis, the CPTSD group were found to have significantly higher scores on measures of negative post‐traumatic cognitions, depression and panic. These results were replicated in correlation analyses using a continuous measure of CPTSD symptoms.ConclusionsA large proportion of youth exposed to multiple traumatic events met criteria for CPTSD. Sexual trauma appears to be related to CPTSD symptoms. Youth with CPTSD appear to have greater severity of comorbid depression and panic symptoms, as well as more negative post‐traumatic cognitions. Further investigation could focus on the directionality and mechanisms for these associations.
Identifying the function of the PI3K‐AKT pathway during the pathogenic infection of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Authors: Zhan Fanbin , Zhou Shichun , Shi Fei , Li Qingqing , Lin Li , Qin Zhendong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase/protein kinase b (PI3K‐Akt) pathway is a signalling pathway based on protein phosphorylation and can be activated by a wide range of factors. To investigate the function of the PI3K‐AKT signalling pathway in antibacterial immunity, we analysed the gene expression level of three key factors (PI3K, AKT and FoxO) and innate immune factors in immune tissues at different time points after Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus infection. Tissues analysis showed that PI3K, AKT, and FoxO were expressed at high levels in the intestinal, hemocytes and hepatopancreas. Moreover, the expression levels of PI3K, AKT and FoxO can be regulated postinfection by different pathogens. In hemocytes and the intestine, V. parahaemolyticus infection was found to regulate the levels of PI3K, AKT, and FoxO more rapidly; however, an S. aureus infection regulated the levels of these factors more rapidly in the hepatopancreas and gills. Analysis showed that V. parahaemolyticus and S. aureus infection caused changes in the gene expression level of crustin, caspase 3 and NF‐κB. Therefore, PI3K‐AKT regulates the downstream immune pathway differentially in different immune tissues and participates in the regulation of cell apoptosis and the inflammatory response by activating caspase and NF‐κB, respectively, following infection with V. parahaemolyticus and S. aureus.
Association of diet quality and weight increase in adult heart transplant recipients
Authors: Miura Kyoko , Yu Regina , Entwistle Timothy R. , McKenzie Scott C. , Green Adèle C 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the quality of the diet of heart transplant recipients (HTRs) is essential to developing effective dietary interventions for weight control, but relevant evidence is scarce. We investigated diet quality and its association with post‐transplant increase in weight adjusted for height (body mass index [BMI]) in Australian HTRs.MethodsWe recruited adult HTRs from Queensland's thoracic transplant clinic, 2020–2021. Study participants completed a 3‐day food diary using a smart‐phone app. Socio‐demographic information was collected by self‐administered questionnaire, and height, serial weight and clinical information were obtained from medical records. We calculated the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) index based on nine food groups and nutrients (index of 90 indicates highest possible quality), and any changes in BMI (≤ 0 kg m–2 or >0 kg m–2) post‐transplantation. Median DASH index values were assessed in relation to sex and BMI change using Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsAmong 49 consented HTRs, 25 (51%) completed the food diary (median age 48 years, 52% females). Median BMI at enrolment was 27.2 kg m–2; median BMI change since transplant was +3.7 kg m–2. Fruit, vegetable, and whole grain intakes were generally lower than recommended, giving a low overall median DASH index of 30 with no sex differences. HTRs for which the BMI increased post‐transplant had significantly lower median DASH indices than those whose BMI did not increase (30 vs. 45, p = 0.013).ConclusionsThe diet quality of HTRs appears suboptimal overall, with fruit and vegetable intakes especially low. HTRs whose BMI increased post‐transplant had substantially lower quality diets than HTRs whose BMI did not increase.
Verbal and nonverbal fluency in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Barker Megan S. , Ceslis Amelia , Argall Rosemary , McCombe Pamela , Henderson Robert D. , Robinson Gail A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multi‐system disorder that commonly affects cognition and behaviour. Verbal fluency impairments are consistently reported in ALS patients, and we aimed to investigate whether this deficit extends beyond the verbal domain. We further aimed to determine whether deficits are underpinned by a primary intrinsic response generation impairment (i.e., a global reduction across tasks), potentially related to apathy, or an inability to maintain responding over time (i.e., a ‘drop off’ pattern). Twenty‐two ALS patients and 21 demographically‐matched controls completed verbal and nonverbal fluency tasks (phonemic/semantic word fluency, design fluency, gesture fluency and ideational fluency), requiring the generation of responses over a specified time period. Fluency performance was analysed in terms of the overall number of novel items produced, as well as the number of items produced in the first ‘initiation’ and the remaining ‘maintenance’ time periods. ALS patients' overall performance was not globally reduced across tasks. Patients were impaired only on meaningful gesture fluency, which requires the generation of gestures that communicate meaning (e.g., waving). On phonemic fluency, ALS patients showed a ‘drop off’ pattern of performance, where they had difficulty maintaining responding over time, but this pattern was not evident on the other fluency tasks. Apathy did not appear to be related to fluency performance. The selective meaningful gesture fluency deficit, in the context of preserved meaningless gesture fluency, highlights that the retrieval of action knowledge may be weakened in early ALS.