bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_4Biliopancreatic Limb Length and Patient Satisfaction One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (Mini-Gastric Bypass-Original Technique)
Authors: Rutledge R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Daily Food Choices (DFCs) in obesity and Bariatric Surgery (BS) are critical components of patient’s health. The Biliopancreatic Limb (BPL) length in the Mini-Gastric Bypass-Original Technique (MGB-OT) version of the One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) includes a “Tailored" BPLL designed to change the outcome of the operation related to patient needs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the impact of the MGB-OT and the "Tailored" BPL length, on weight loss and patient-reported DFCs. The primary hypothesis was that the MGB-OT would be associated with major changes in both DFCs and weight loss and that the “Tailored" BPL length would be associated with both DFCs and weight loss.

Methods
Data from an online patient survey of MGB-OT patients were collected including basic demographics, BPL length, pre and post-operative DFCs and weight loss. Linear regression modelling was used to quantitate the relative association between MGB-OT and the "Tailored" BPL length with DFCs and weight loss.

Results
377 patients had complete responses for evaluation; 72% of patients were female, mean age 48+/-15 range 24-80 years; mean BPL length was 2.0+/-0.3m range 0.9-2.7m, mean preop weight was 131.0+/-24.2 range 86.3-222.5kg, mean post weight was 82.6+/-20.0 range 47.2-193.0, mean weight loss 48.4+/-19.2 range 6.4-119.4 and Percent Total Weight Loss (%TWL) was 36.9%+/-8.0% range 6.4%-53.7%. 90.8% of patients reported %TWL greater than 20%. As reported elsewhere, various measures of weight loss varied linearly related to BPL length. The mean DFCs of Meat, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Fatty Foods (Meat, SSBs and FFs respectively) were all higher before MGB-OT and declined post-op. The mean “Bad” Food Choices (Bad DFCs = DFCs Meat+SSBs+FFs) declined from mean of 8.6+/-0.9 to 5.0+/0.7 a Delta “Bad” DFCs of 3.6+/-0.9. Daily DFCs of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables (FFVs) increased, Delta FFVs 1.2+/-0.1. The Delta All DFCs, (Delta Bad+FFVs) was 4.8+/-1.0/day with an estimated Delta of 1,757 “Yearly” Food Choices (YFCs.) The estimated Yearly “Bad” food choices declined from 2,070 YFCs to an estimated 745. Finally, there was a strong linear relation between BPL length and the decline in mean “Bad” daily food choices.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrates that patients report major weight loss following a “Tailored" BPL length in the MGB-OT. Patients also reported declines in “Bad” DFCs (meat, FFs & SSBs) and improvements in FFVs. Yearly projections of these changes suggest both an improvement in quality and a decrease in caloric intake of hundreds of thousands of calories per year. Both these were linearly related to Biliopancreatic limb length. A longer Biliopancreatic Limb Length was associated with greater weight loss and a greater improvement in patient-reported Daily Food Choices.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_7BariClip placement in patient with recurrent hiatal hernia: Is it feasible?
Authors: Alarcón Acosta V , Meneses Rojas C J , Ordaz Contreras A , Pérez Queb A J , López Velázquez L A , Legua Perez G S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Obesity is a disease with global distribution that affects a vast majority of the population, it has impact not only in patient’s health but has implications in health systems within the state and country. GERD is highly related with being overweight and obese given that these two pathologies are risk factors for developing GERD and its further complications like Barrett’s oesophagus. There are multiple surgical techniques to treat GERD and obesity, we report the case of a 43-year-old female with reflux symptoms secondary to a recurrent hiatal hernia with a previous laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication.
Obesity is a disease with a global distribution, it affects a vast majority of the population leading to a great number of complications not only for the patient but for the states and countries, the prevalence has doubled in the last 30 years, considering this disease as one of the most important risk factors for developing gastroesophageal reflux and Barrett’s oesophagus. It has been proved that being overweight increases 1.2-3 times the risk of GERD and in patients with obesity the prevalence is up to 37-72%. GERD is a disease that commonly affects the general population, it is difficult to establish the incidence, yet it is reported that approximately 42% of the U.S population has symptoms every month and up to 60% has had symptoms at least once in their lifetime. Laparoscopic Gastroplasty with BariClip should be considered as a restrictive procedure given that has demonstrated to have more restriction than the procedures by endoscopic approach, lasting longer and with the advantage that is reversible, clipping and not cutting the stomach, it is as effective as the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy surgery, with minimum complications and the possibility of being performed as an outpatient procedure. This is performed placing a non-adjustable clip vertically 3 cm to the lesser curvature of the stomach.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_8Intragastric Balloon as a Primary Bariatric Endoscopic Therapy for Overweight and Obese Patients in Guatemala
Authors: Vitale M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Intragastric balloon (IGB) is a temporary and minimally invasive option for overweight and obesity treatment, acting as a space occupying device which leads to weight loss reducing gastric capacity and inducing satiety.

Objective
Review our intragastric balloon usage as a primary therapy for overweight and obese patients in Guatemala.

Results
The total number of IGB procedures was 70. The mean patient age was 33.8 years, with 84.3% being female. The youngest patient was 16 years old and the oldest was 56 years old. The mean pre procedure BMI was 31.8 kg/m2. The minimum pre procedure BMI was 25.5 kg/m2 and the maximum was 66 kg/m2. The most frequently used balloon was the adjustable fluid-filled balloon Spatz3 totalling 46 implants (66%). This was followed by nonadjustable fluid-filled balloons Silimed (17%) and Orbera (8.5%). The Helioscopie air-filled balloon was used in 8.5% of cases. The overall mean percentage of total body weight loss (TBWL) at 12 months was 14.55% + 8.47%. The minimum percent of TBWL was 3% and the maximum was 34.2%. The failure rate (defined as TBWL &lt;10%) was 6.87% + 2.34%. No serious adverse events were reported. The early removal rate due to intolerance was 4.2% (3/70).

Conclusions
Intragastric balloon as a primary endoscopic bariatric treatment for overweight and obese patients at a one-year period is a safe and effective procedure as compared to the data in the literature.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_12Outcomes of Intra-Gastric Balloon as a first step before bariatric surgery for the treatment of patients with super obesity (BMI&gt;50)
Authors: Manco A , Costa Pinho A , Manuel Oliveira A , Santos Sousa H , Resende F , Silva M , Preto J , da Costa E Lima ,   (CRI-O group)
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The treatment of super obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 50 Kg/m2, presents several challenges. The best therapeutic strategy is debatable and dependent on each case. The intragastric balloon (IGB) can be used as a "neoadjuvant" therapy before metabolic/bariatric surgery (MBS). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes and safety profile of the IGB as a first step before MBS for the treatment of super obese patients.

Methods
Retrospective study of all patients with BMI ≥ 50 Kg/m2 submitted to intragastric balloon placement before MBS between 2009 and 2023. Several variables were analysed including weight loss outcomes, adverse events, and complications of IGB. Therapeutic failure of IGB was defined as %TWL&lt; 5 or early removal of IGB due to adverse events.

Results
We identified 74 patients with BMI≥ 50 Kg/m2 that were proposed for intragastric balloon placement prior to bariatric surgery, of which 56 (76%) were women, with a mean age of 43,0 ± 11,8 years. The mean initial BMI was 59,4 ± 5.3 Kg/m2. The intragastric balloon remained in the patient for 7,0 ± 1,4 months. The weight loss up to the moment of subsequent bariatric surgery was 22,5 ± 13,2 Kg and the percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) was 14.4 ± 8.4%. The overall rate of complications was 23% (17), the most frequent being nausea and vomiting, of which 50% (8) led to an emergency service visit and 50% (8) to rehospitalization. Regarding serious complications, 3 were identified: 1 gastric perforation and 2 severe respiratory complications, one of which resulted in mortality. Out of the 74 patients, 9 (12%) did not achieve the pre-established %TWL &lt; 5 and 4 (5%) had to remove the intragastric balloon beforehand.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that the intragastric balloon is a possible "neoadjuvant" therapeutic strategy in this particularly difficult group of patients, resulting in satisfactory weight loss. However, it has a non-negligible complication rate that should be considered when planning each patient's therapeutic strategy.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_16The burden of emergency re-operations post bariatric surgery: experience from a tertiary centre
Authors: Tase A , Perera M , Aly M , Askari A , Jambulingam P , Whitelaw D , Jain V , Adil T , Al-Taan O , Munasinghe A , Rashid F 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Although bariatric surgery is available through NHS, lack of funding and long waiting times, lead to patients choosing private care within UK or abroad. This study presents data on emergency re-interventions post bariatric surgery (UK and abroad) at a high-volume centre in UK performing between 330-450 bariatric resections/year.

Methods
Data on all patients undergoing emergency intervention following bariatric surgery between Jan 2018 and Nov 2022 were collected.

Results
A total of 155 patients underwent 201 procedures after having had prior bariatric surgery of whom 79.7% were female. The median age was 43 (IQR 35-50 years) and the median BMI was 35 (IQR 28-45). Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and Gastric Band (GB) were the commonest index operations (40% and 24.5% respectively) and 22% had their index procedure outside of the UK. The commonest emergency interventions were OGD (n=13) and re-do jejuno-jejunal anastomosis(n=9). The median length of stay was 4 days (IQR 2-13) with mortality of 2%. Per year, the median number of patients admitted as an emergency was 34 (19-45). However, temporal regression analysis forecasts that admissions will steadily rise to 58 (95% CI 46-76) in 2023, 66 (95% CI 54-79) in 2024 and 75 (95% CI 62-88) in 2025 (p=0.013).

Conclusions
An increasing number of patients are attending our hospital having had surgery in either another unit or abroad. Mathematical forecasting models suggest that the number of patients will likely increase every year in the near future. With increasing demand, emphasis falls on the importance of established regional networks.
‘We Reach out but we Also Expect Something in Return’: Social Work Engaging with Roma People in Temporary Container Homes at the Edge of the City
Authors: Samyn Sophie , Cioarta Ionut , Wagener Martin , Hermans Koen , Roets Griet 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this article, we critically explore the research findings of a qualitative study of local social policy and work interventions, called ‘the post-mobile project’ in Ghent, Belgium. The project provided temporary housing for families in container units, accompanied by mandatory integration assistance, and was implemented as a potential solution for Romanian Roma families after the dismantlement of two informal settlements in 2020. Our qualitative study explores the underlying ontological assumptions of the social work interventions in this project, and aims to gain insights into the role of contemporary social work practice in Belgium and its impact on advancing or hindering the pursuit of social justice within this Roma community. The study is based on an ethnography as a multi-method approach. Participant observations are complemented by document analysis, semi-structured interviews and focus groups to gain an in-depth understanding of the divergent experiences and opinions of different stakeholders involved in the interventions. The findings reveal different ontological frameworks regarding the way the social problem is defined, the project’s goals and the principles guiding practice, thus exposing tensions between the local policy-makers and the social justice orientation of social work practitioners.
Identifying interindividual variability of social perception and associated brain anatomical correlations in children with autism spectrum disorder using eye-tracking and diffusion tensor imaging MRI (DTI-MRI)
Authors: Vinçon-Leite Alice , Saitovitch Ana , Lemaître Herve , Rechtman Elza , Boisgontier Jennifer , Fillon Ludovic , Philippe Anne , Rio Marlène , Desguerre Isabelle , Fabre Aurélie , Aljabali Khawla , Boddaert Nathalie , Zilbovicius Monica 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Even though deficits in social cognition constitute a core characteristic of autism spectrum disorders, a large heterogeneity exists regarding individual social performances and its neural basis remains poorly investigated. Here, we used eye-tracking to objectively measure interindividual variability in social perception and its correlation with white matter microstructure, measured with diffusion tensor imaging MRI, in 25 children with autism spectrum disorder (8.5 ± 3.8 years). Beyond confirming deficits in social perception in participants with autism spectrum disorder compared 24 typically developing controls (10.5 ± 2.9 years), results revealed a large interindividual variability of such behavior among individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Whole-brain analysis showed in both autism spectrum disorder and typically developing groups a positive correlation between number of fixations to the eyes and fractional anisotropy values mainly in right and left superior longitudinal tracts. In children with autism spectrum disorder a correlation was also observed in right and left inferior longitudinal tracts. Importantly, a significant interaction between group and number of fixations to the eyes was observed within the anterior portion of the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, mainly in the right anterior temporal region. This additional correlation in a supplementary region suggests the existence of a compensatory brain mechanism, which may support enhanced performance in social perception among children with autism spectrum disorder.
Lack of response to conspecific juvenile vocalizations in two avian brood parasites
Authors: Prieto Rocío , De Mársico María Cecilia , Reboreda Juan C , Scardamaglia Romina C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Juveniles of interspecific avian brood parasites need to locate and recognize conspecifics to continue their life cycle after being reared by individuals of another species. However, little is known about the recognition mechanisms and cues involved in this critical stage of their lives. It has been proposed that adult parasites could show some kind of parental behavior by actively searching and interacting with conspecific young, which in turn could serve the juveniles to learn and/or reinforce the learning of conspecific characteristics. Since acoustic communication is one of the main channels used by birds, if such form of parental behavior by adult avian brood parasites does exist, adult cowbirds should recognize and respond positively to vocalizations of conspecific juveniles. We experimentally tested whether adult shiny Molothrus bonariensis and screaming M. rufoaxillaris cowbirds respond positively towards acoustic signals of conspecific juveniles using two playback experiments, one conducted in semi-captivity and the other in the field. In both cases, we presented 3 types of playbacks to adults of both cowbird species: vocalizations of shiny cowbird juveniles, vocalizations of screaming cowbird juveniles, and white noise as a control. In the experiment in semi-captivity, no significant differences were found between treatments. In the field experiment, no conspecifics approached the playback area, but hosts of the species whose playback was played were attracted to the loudspeaker. In conclusion, our results do not support the predictions we tested from the parental behavior hypothesis and indicate that adult shiny and screaming cowbirds do not respond positively to acoustic signals of conspecific juveniles, at least not to the type of signals used in our experiments.
Increased cover of native and exotic plants on the rims of harvester ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) nests under grazing and drought
Authors: Uhey Derek A , Vissa Sneha , Haubensak Karen A , Ballard Andrew D , Aguilar Mekeilah B , Hofstetter Richard W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Harvester ants create habitats along nest rims, which some plants use as refugia. These refugia can enhance ecosystem stability to disturbances like drought and grazing, but their potential role in invasion ecology is not yet tested. Here we examine the effects of drought and grazing on nest-rim refugia of 2 harvester ant species: Pogonomyrmex occidentals and P. rugosus. We selected 4 rangeland sites with high harvester ant nest densities in northern Arizona, USA, with pre-existing grazing exclosures adjacent to heavily grazed habitat. Our objective was to determine whether nest refugia were used by native or exotic plant species for each site and scenario of drought and grazing. We measured vegetation cover on nest surfaces, on nest rims, and at 3 distances (3, 5, and 10 m) from nests. At each site, we sampled 2 treatments (grazed/excluded) during 2 seasons (drought/monsoon). We found that nest rims increased vegetation cover compared with background levels at all sites and in almost all scenarios of treatment and season, indicating that nest rims provide important refugia for plants from drought and cattle grazing. In some cases, plants enhanced on nest rims were native grasses such as blue gramma (Bouteloua gracilis) or forbs such as sunflowers (Helianthus petiolaris). However, nest rims at all sites enhanced exotic species, particularly Russian thistle (Salsola tragus), purslane (Portulaca oleracea), and bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare). These results suggest that harvester ants play important roles in invasion ecology and restoration. We discuss potential mechanisms for why certain plant species use nest-rim refugia and how harvester ant nests contribute to plant community dynamics.
Allocating Human Rights Obligations in the ECHR
Authors: Raible Lea 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article asks how to allocate human rights obligations stemming from the European Convention on Human Rights and defends an interpretivist account of human rights based on the values of integrity and equality to answer it. First, it considers the structure of rights and argues that human rights usually require a duty bearer who needs to be identified. Second, the article analyses interest-based theories of human rights and shows that they do not speak to the allocation of duties. Third, I argue that duties can only be allocated relying on a normative principle and that an interpretivist account of human rights allows for underlying values to be identified. Fourth, I show that these values should be understood to be integrity and equality. Finally, the article applies the framework to the judgment in Carter v Russia, showing that an explicitly normative account supplies principled distinctions where other approaches cannot.
Deference, Dignity and ‘Theoretical Crisis’: Justifying ECtHR Rights Between Prudence and Protection
Authors: Heri Corina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present article engages with human rights law’s purported ‘theoretical crisis’, according to which rights—and specifically those in the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)—are bereft of a convincing theoretical foundation. In doing so, the article interrogates the use of crisis-oriented language, challenging the very idea of a ‘theoretical crisis’ of rights. Identifying the tension between judicial activism and judicial deference as the source of the crisis narrative, this piece engages with the theoretical foundations of ECHR rights, rejecting binary opposition between opposing moral and political accounts of these rights. It presents an alternative account by framing human rights as capable of combining convincing moral foundations with institutional and political realities. This means melding principle and dynamism, and using moral values to interrogate a human rights law that remains indivisible from its institutional backdrop. Under this account, both the Court’s tools of deference, especially its European consensus doctrine, and the objection of rights inflationism must be subjected to scrutiny. This article straddles theory and practice to allow for a fresh perspective concerning the justification of rights, what is at stake, who bears the burden of restraint, and how current responses to backlash should be re-evaluated.
The Tension between the National and ECHR Human Rights Adjudication: A Normative Account
Authors: Harel Alon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article examines cases of conflicting decisions between the ECHR and State Courts. I argue for ‘discordant adjudicative parity.’ According to discordant adjudicative parity, there are compelling non-instrumental reasons for having both international adjudicative institutions and state adjudicative institutions that can make binding, conflicting decisions. Binding decisions by international adjudicative institutions embody the understanding that human rights are duties rather than decisions that are voluntarily undertaken. State Courts facilitate deliberative engagement on the part of citizens as, ultimately, the citizens are in charge of States’ courts. I use this analysis to justify the principle of subsidiarity in European law.