bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Flying, Writing Poetry and Doing Educational Research
Authors: SAUNDERS LESLEY 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis article is written in a personal capacity; it is based on a presentation entitled ‘If the child is father to the man, can the researcher be mother to the poet?’ given as part of the ECER symposium, ‘Telling stories: truth and fiction in educational research’ hosted by David Bridges, at the European Conference on Educational Research, University of Edinburgh, 23 September 2000. It is meant as a stimulus to discussion about the relationship between poetry as a species of ‘creative’ writing, and research writing—how and why they might be complementarities as well as opposites. Rather than attempting a theoretical paper, the author uses excerpts from her own poetry—and those of the prize‐winning poet, Jane Draycott, with whom she recently co‐authored a book, and whose ideas have contributed to this article—to explore these ideas.
Learning to See in Classrooms: What are student teachers learning about teaching and learning while learning to teach in schools?
Authors: EDWARDS ANNE , PROTHEROE LYNN 
Published: May 2004

AbstractUsing sociocultural understandings of learning, the authors probe a rationale for training programmes which are extensively school based and involved school‐based teacher mentors as supporters of student teachers' learning. They ask what it is that student teachers are learning while in schools and how that learning is supported. Drawing on evidence from a study of 125 student teachers on two training programmes, the authors suggest that student teachers' learning is heavily situated and that students are not acquiring ways of interpreting learners that are easily transferable, but they are learning about curriculum delivery. It also seems that there is a participatory version of training which is not underpinned by an understanding of the implications of learning through participation and which, as a consequence, does not make the most of the strengths of mentors.
Is the Effective Compromising the Affective?
Authors: McNESS ELIZABETH , BROADFOOT PATRICIA , OSBORN MARILYN 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis article draws on the evidence from two Economic and Social Research Council funded projects which examined the impact of policy on the lives of classroom teachers and the experience of their pupils. The PACE Project concentrated on English primary teachers, reviewing practice in the light of the successive waves of legislative change following the 1988 Education Reform Act. The ENCOMPASS Project was a cross‐cultural study which investigated the attitudes of pupils to schooling and the impact of policy on the work of secondary teachers in England, France and Denmark. Evidence from both projects suggested that teachers in England were concerned that externally imposed educational change had not only increased their workload but also created a growing tension between the requirements of government and the needs of their pupils. A perceived demand for a delivery of ‘performance’, for both themselves and their pupils, had created a policy focus that emphasised the managerially ‘effective’, in the interests of accountability, while ignoring teachers' deeply rooted commitment to the affective aspects of teaching and learning. This article reviews the main findings from both projects in relation to the current thrust of education policy‐making in England and its possible impact on teachers' work and job satisfaction. It also draws attention to the possible long‐term effects that such a focus could have on the quality of learning and the ability of pupils to engage with the necessary skills for lifelong learning.
The Energy Saving Technology of Beneficiation of Iron Ore
Authors: Karmazin V. V. , Bikbov M. A. , Bikbov A. A. 
Published: May 2004

The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of liberation of economic minerals and the
level of contamination of the process products by waste components were carried out
for the purpose of analysing the technology level and forecast its development directions.
Concentration of intergrown particles into a separate product for the purpose of
subsequent more efficient and selective liberation is one of the reserves for energy
saving in the grinding operations.A pilot selective separator was tested in re‐cleaning operations to compare with a
standard (conventional) separator. The tests that showed, that a separator with a
pulsed magnetic field is an efficient device that allows the realization of an intensive concentration
of a large amount of unliberated magnetic particles consisting of two phases
value minerals and gangue, into several products.
Efficient combination of multiple word models for improved sequence comparison
Authors: Huang Xiaoqiu , Ye Liang , Chou Hui-Hsien , Yang I-Hsuan , Chao Kun-Mao 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Motivation: Studies of efficient and sensitive sequence comparison methods are driven by a need to find homologous regions of weak similarity between large genomes.
Results: We describe an improved method for finding similar regions between two sets of DNA sequences. The new method generalizes existing methods by locating word matches between sequences under two or more word models and extending word matches into high-scoring segment pairs (HSPs). The method is implemented as a computer program named DDS2. Experimental results show that DDS2 can find more HSPs by using several word models than by using one word model.
Availability: The DDS2 program is freely available for academic use in binary code form at http://bioinformatics.iastate.edu/aat/align/align.html and in source code form from the corresponding author.
A mixture model-based strategy for selecting sets of genes in multiclass response microarray experiments
Authors: Broët Philippe , Lewin Alex , Richardson Sylvia , Dalmasso Cyril , Magdelenat Henri 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Motivation: Multiclass response (MCR) experiments are those in which there are more than two classes to be compared. In these experiments, though the null hypothesis is simple, there are typically many patterns of gene expression changes across the different classes that led to complex alternatives. In this paper, we propose a new strategy for selecting genes in MCR that is based on a flexible mixture model for the marginal distribution of a modified F-statistic. Using this model, false positive and negative discovery rates can be estimated and combined to produce a rule for selecting a subset of genes. Moreover, the method proposed allows calculation of these rates for any predefined subset of genes.
Results: We illustrate the performance our approach using simulated datasets and a real breast cancer microarray dataset. In this latter study, we investigate predefined subset of genes and point out interesting differences between three distinct biological pathways.
Availability: http://www.bgx.org.uk/software.html
Officers or engineers? The integration and status of engineers in the Royal Navy, 1847–60*
Authors: Walton Oliver C. 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
This article, using engineers' diaries and Admiralty papers, discusses the status and integration of engineers into the Navy from 1847–60. With the birth of the steam fleet, they were recruited in large numbers as officers, to operate and maintain the engines. Their position as officers and engineers, nascent executive and technical, proved controversial. Literature on the introduction of steam has neglected the social dimension and coverage of naval engineers has not emphasized their challenge to the established ethos of the officer corps. This article seeks to remedy this by examining engineers' work and relationships with both officers and the Admiralty.
Cytokinin stimulates polyribosome loading of nuclear‐encoded mRNAs for the plastid ATP synthase in etioplasts of Lupinus luteus: the complex accumulates in the inner‐envelope membrane with the CF1 moiety located towards the stromal space
Authors: Sherameti Irena , Shahollari Bationa , Landsberger Martin , Westermann Martin , Cherepneva Galina , Kusnetsov Victor , Oelmüller Ralf 
Published: May 2004

SummaryThree of the nine subunits of the plastid ATP synthase, including the subunit of the CF1 moiety (gene AtpC), are encoded in the nucleus. Application of cytokinin to etiolated lupine seedlings induces polyribosome association of their mRNAs. This appears to be specific as no such regulation was observed for messages for three ribosomal proteins. Cytokinin‐mediated polyribosome loading was also observed for the spinach AtpC message in etiolated transgenic tobacco seedlings. Analysis of various spinach AtpC mRNA derivatives uncovered that the 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) of this message is sufficient to direct polyribosome loading, and that sequences at the 3′ end of the AtpC 5′ UTR, including an UC‐rich motif, are crucial for this regulation. The increase in polyribosome loading of the AtpC message correlated with an increased synthesis of the polypeptide. The subunit, together with the ATP synthase complex, accumulates in the inner‐envelope membrane with the CF1 moiety located towards the stromal space of the etioplast. These results suggest that cytokinin promotes accumulation of the ATP synthase in the inner‐envelope membrane of lupine etioplasts by stimulating the translation efficiency of their nuclear‐encoded messages.
Sorting signals in the cytosolic tail of membrane proteins involved in the interaction with plant ARF1 and coatomer
Authors: Contreras Inmaculada , Ortiz‐Zapater Elena , Aniento Fernando 
Published: May 2004

SummaryIn mammals and yeast, a cytosolic dilysine motif is critical for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization of type I membrane proteins. Retrograde transport of type I membrane proteins containing dilysine motifs at their cytoplasmic carboxy (C)‐terminal tail involves the interaction of these motifs with the COPI coat. The C‐terminal dilysine motif has also been shown to confer ER localization to type I membrane proteins in plant cells. Using in vitro binding assays, we have analyzed sorting motifs in the cytosolic tail of membrane proteins, which may be involved in the interaction with components of the COPI coat in plant cells. We show that a dilysine motif in the −3,−4 position (relative to the cytosolic C‐terminus) recruits in a very specific manner all the subunits of the plant coatomer complex. Lysines cannot be replaced by arginines or histidines to bind plant coatomer. A diphenylalanine motif in the −7,−8 position, which by itself has a low ability to bind plant coatomer, shows a clear cooperativity with the dilysine motif. Both dilysine and diphenylalanine motifs are present in the cytosolic tail of several proteins of the p24 family of putative cargo receptors, which has several members in plant cells. The cytosolic tail of a plant p24 protein is shown to recruit not only coatomer but also ADP ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1), a process which depends on both dilysine and diphenylalanine motifs. ARF1 binding increases twofold upon treatment with brefeldin A (BFA) and is completely abolished upon treatment with GTPγS, suggesting that ARF1 can only interact with the cytosolic tail of p24 proteins in its GDP‐bound form.
Herbivore‐induced plant vaccination. Part I. The orchestration of plant defenses in nature and their fitness consequences in the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata
Authors: Kessler André , T. Baldwin Ian 
Published: May 2004

SummaryA plant's responses to attack from particular pathogens and herbivores may result in resistance to subsequent attack from the same species, but may also affect different species. Such a cross‐resistance, called immunization or vaccination, can benefit the plant, if the fitness consequences of attack from the initial attacker are less than those from subsequent attackers. Here, we report an example of naturally occurring vaccination of the native tobacco plant, Nicotiana attenuata, against Manduca hornworms by prior attack from the mirid bug, Tupiocoris notatus (Dicyphus minimus), which results from the elicitation of two categories of induced plant responses. First, attack from both herbivore species causes the plants in nature to release predator‐attracting volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and the attracted generalist predator, Geocoris pallens, preferentially attacks the less mobile hornworm larvae. Second, attack from both mirids and hornworms increases the accumulation of secondary metabolites and proteinase inhibitors (PIs) in the leaf tissue, which is correlated with the slow growth of Manduca larvae. Mirid damage does not significantly reduce the fitness of the plant in nature, whereas attack from the hornworm reduces lifetime seed production. Consequently, plants that are attacked by mirids realize a significant fitness advantage in environments with both herbivores. The combination of growth‐slowing direct defenses and predator‐attracting indirect defenses results in greater hornworm mortality on mirid‐attacked plants and provides the mechanism of the vaccination phenomenon.
Local recurrence of a unilateral cystic nephroma
Authors: BASTIAN PATRICK J. , KUHLMANN RICHARD , VOGEL JÜRGEN , BASTIAN HANS‐PETER 
Published: May 2004

AbstractCystic nephroma is an uncommon, benign renal lesion. We report the first case of local recurrence of a unilateral cystic nephroma in an adult. Only three cases of recurrence in bilateral cystic nephroma have been described in the literature before. Other renal lesions may not be differentiated preoperatively from cystic nephroma and thus require surgical exploration. Long‐term follow‐up is recommended to rule out local recurrence.
Prevalence of and risk factors for nocturia: Analysis of a health screening program
Authors: YOSHIMURA KOJI , TERADA NAOKI , MATSUI YOSHIYUKI , TERAI AKITO , KINUKAWA NAOKO , ARAI YOICHI 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackground: We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for nocturia in Kurashiki city and the surrounding area, a rural area in Japan.Materials and Methods
:
We collected data on 6517 individuals (4568 men and 1949 women) who participated in a multiphasic health screening. We analyzed the relationships between nocturia assessed by a questionnaire (voiding twice or more during night) and other variables including age, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic renal failure, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), smoking habit and alcohol intake.Results: Overall, 1856 individuals (28.5%) answered that they arose to urinate at least twice during the night. This rate increased with age from 16.5% in individuals younger than 50 to 60.0% in those older than 69. Logistic regression analysis revealed that cohorts of subjects 50–59, 60–69, and 70 years old or over had, respectively, 1.75, 3.35, and 6.21 times the prevalence of nocturia of the 49 years or younger cohort. Hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 1.64) and DM (OR 1.70) were other independent positive risk factors for nocturia. On the other hand, current smokers who smoked 20 or more cigarettes per day were less likely to have nocturia than non‐smokers (OR 0.72). In male individuals, BPH was another independent positive risk factor (OR 1.35). Gender was not associated with nocturia.Conclusions
:
Although population bias is an important limitation to this study, nocturia is associated with various factors suggesting that multiple approaches are needed to the treatment of patients with nocturia.
Adrenal myelolipoma associated with adenoma
Authors: MANASSERO FRANCESCA , POMARA GIORGIO , RAPPA FRANCESCA , CUTTANO MARIA GIUSEPPA , CRISCI ALFONSO , SELLI CESARE 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe association of an adrenal myelolipoma with a non‐functioning adenoma is very rare. Herein, we report on such a case in an asymptomatic 64‐year‐old woman. To the best of our knowledge, there is only one other case of non‐functioning adrenocortical adenoma associated with myelolipoma in the same gland. Furthermore, only two other adenomas (mineral corticoids and corticosteroid producing tumors) associated with myelolipomas have been reported, and both myelolipomas were less than 1 cm in size. In conclusion, the 8.5 cm myelolipoma in our case is the largest compared with the three previously reported ones.
A risk index for prostate cancer
Authors: MATCHARIYAKUL CHAIYASIT , KOCHAKARN WACHIRA , CHAIMUANGRAJ SUCHART , LEENANUPUNTH CHAREON , LERTSITHICHAI PANUWAT 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackground: The aim of the present study was to create a simple numerical index predicting the presence of prostate cancer in a group of high risk patients, for the purpose of selecting those most likely to need prostate biopsy.Methods: 100 consecutive patients at high risk of having prostate cancer seen at Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand between November 2000 and February 2002 were prospectively studied. All patients underwent transrectal prostate biopsies. The following predictor variables were obtained: age, digital rectal examination (DRE) findings, prostate specific antigen level, transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) findings, and prostate volume determined by TRUS. The outcome was the presence of prostate cancer on histological examination of the biopsy specimens. A risk index for prostate cancer based on the linear predictor of a multiple logistic regression model was created.Results: Almost all predictor variables were significantly related to the presence of prostate cancer. The final multiple logistic regression model with four categorized predictors (excluding DRE) was shown to have good discrimination, calibration, and cross‐validity. For a cutoff risk index of 10, corresponding to a 10% probability of having prostate cancer, the sensitivity for detecting prostate cancer was 96.2%, with a specificity of 73.0%. Based on this cutoff, 55% of patients in this series might not require prostate biopsy.Conclusion: A risk index for prostate cancer was developed. If this index can be externally validated, the potential savings from avoiding unnecessary prostate biopsies, on the basis of selection using the index, could be significant.
The neuronal and endothelium‐dependent relaxing responses of human corpus cavernosum under physiological oxygen tension last longer than previously expected
Authors: KIMURA KAZUNORI , KAWANISHI YASUO , KAGAWA SUSUMU 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackground: Intracavernosal oxygen tension varies greatly in the process of erection. Blood extracted from the human penis demonstrates an increase from approximately 30 mmHg Po2 in the flaccid state to 100 mmHg in the erect state of the penis. In the present study, using these levels as a guide, we investigate how the NO‐dependent relaxation of human corpus cavernosum changed under physiological oxygen tensions ranging from approximately 30 to 100 mmHg.Methods: Human penile tissue specimens were obtained at penile surgery with informed consent from the patients. The preparations were mounted in Krebs solution in an organ bath and the isometric tension was recorded. Krebs solutions of various oxygen tensions were prepared by bubbling 5% CO2 in N2 and O2. The NO‐dependent relaxation caused by electrical field stimulation (EFS) and acetylcholine (ACh) was studied, and the amplitude and duration of relaxation evaluated.Results: The amplitude of relaxation induced by EFS was significantly decreased under physiological oxygen tension conditions (P < 0.01). The duration of the relaxant response induced by EFS and ACh was significantly prolonged in physiological oxygen tension conditions than in high oxygen tension (P < 0.01). However, there was no correlation between the duration of relaxation induced by EFS and each physiological oxygen tension level. The duration of relaxation induced by ACh was most prolonged at 60–69 mmHg oxygen tension.Conclusion: Physiologically, the effect of NO may last longer than was previously thought. In addition, it would seem that there is an optimal physiological oxygen tension for maximum ACh‐induced relaxation.
Common and rare side‐effects of low‐dose thalidomide in multiple myeloma: focus on the dose‐minimizing peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Offidani Massimo , Corvatta Laura , Marconi Monica , Malerba Lara , Mele Anna , Olivieri Attilio , Brunori Marino , Catarini Massimo , Candela Marco , Capelli Debora , Montanari Mauro , Rupoli Serena , Leoni Pietro 
Published: May 2004

Abstract:Objectives: Thalidomide has demonstrated a remarkable efficacy in the treatment of multiple myeloma but its use may cause several toxicities. We have investigated the common and rare side‐effects, especially analysing peripheral neuropathy, in order to optimise the thalidomide dose for minimizing this harmful side‐effect.Methods: Fifty‐nine patients were treated with thalidomide alone or combined with oral melphalan. The median age was 69 yr. The initial dose of thalidomide was 100 mg/day increasing weekly by 100 mg increments until a maximum dose of 400 mg was attained. Melphalan was administered at a dose of 0.20 mg/kg/d for 4 d every 28 d.Results and conclusions: Nearly one‐fourth of patients discontinued thalidomide because of toxicity. Constipation (71%), somnolence (36%) and fatigue (20%) were the most common side‐effects and they were not dose dependent. Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 39% of patients and a thalidomide median daily dose of more than 150 mg was significantly associated with higher frequency and actuarial risk of peripheral neuropathy without improving the response rate. Deep venous thrombosis was observed in 7% of patients and other side‐effects were rare. In patients with advanced multiple myeloma we found that a thalidomide daily dose of 150 mg minimizes peripheral neuropathy without jeopardizing response and survival.
Reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation for systemic primary amyloidosis refractory to high‐dose melphalan
Authors: Kawai Yasukazu , Kinoshita Keiichi , Arai Hajime , Kuwata Atsushi , Fukuoka Yoshitomo , Yamaoka Masanobu , Imamura Shin , Tsutani Hiroshi , Ueda Takanori 
Published: May 2004

Abstract:Complete elimination of the plasma cell dyscrasia is a rational therapeutic goal, as intercepting supply of precursor protein is a necessary condition for a major regression of amyloid deposits. High‐dose melphalan with autologous stem cell transplantation has shown the ability to induce complete hematological response (HR) along with recovery of organ dysfunction. However, the rate of HR with this treatment rarely exceeds 40%. We describe here the first known case of successful reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (RIST) for a patient with primary amyloidosis complicated with nephrotic syndrome but without cardiac disease, who had obtained only partial HR by high‐dose melphalan with autologous stem cell transplantation. RIST may be feasible and be capable of achieving complete HR along with recovery from nephrotic syndrome with acceptable toxicity.
Signal Transduction Cascade between EvgA/EvgS and PhoP/PhoQ Two-Component Systems of
Escherichia coli
Authors: Eguchi Yoko , Okada Tadashi , Minagawa Shu , Oshima Taku , Mori Hirotada , Yamamoto Kaneyoshi , Ishihama Akira , Utsumi Ryutaro 
Published: May 2004

ABSTRACT

Transcriptional analysis of a constitutively active mutant of the EvgA/EvgS two-component system of
Escherichia coli
resulted in enhanced expression of 13 PhoP/PhoQ-regulated genes,
crcA
,
hemL
,
mgtA
,
ompT
,
phoP
,
phoQ
,
proP
,
rstA
,
rstB
,
slyB
,
ybjG
,
yrbL
, and
mgrB
. This regulatory network between the two systems also occurred as a result of overproduction of the EvgA regulator; however, enhanced transcription of the
phoPQ
genes did not further activate expression of the PhoP/PhoQ-regulated genes. These results demonstrated signal transduction from the EvgA/EvgS system to the PhoP/PhoQ system in
E. coli
and also identified the genes that required the two systems for enhanced expression. This is one example of the intricate signal transduction networks that are posited to exist in
E. coli
.