bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential Oxidation/Cyclization of Readily Available Imine Linkages to Access Benzoxazole‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhu Yanqiu , Huang Dekang , Wang Wanqin , Liu Gang , Ding Chizhu , Xiang Yonggang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBenzoxazole‐linked covalent organic frameworks (BO−COFs), despite their exceptional chemical stability, are still in their infancy. This is primarily because the current prevalent methods require the use of special ortho‐hydroxyl‐substituted aromatic amines as monomers. Herein, we report an innovative strategy to access BO−COFs directly from imine‐linked COFs (Im−COFs) without pre‐embedded OH groups, using a two‐step sequential oxidation/cyclization process. The two‐step process included the oxidation of Im−COFs into amide‐linked COFs, followed by a copper‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization. Five representative BO−COFs were synthesized with retained crystallinity and high oxidization efficiency, offering the potential to convert a significant portion of Im−COFs into BO−COFs. The structural advantages of the newly designed BO−COFs were demonstrated through their application to photocatalytic organic transformations.
A novel icariin‐encapsulated PLGA/nBM composite biomimetic microspheres for bone repair
Authors: Wu Zhenxu , Niu Guoqing , Xiong Zongtai , Ding Xinxiang , Li Yongbo , Zhang Peibiao , Wu Feng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeer bone in traditional Chinese medicine is valued for its unique biomimetic bone matrix components. Icariin (Ica), which is claimed by Chinese medicine as a bone‐repairing agent, is also widely accepted. In this report, a novel Ica‐encapsulated PLGA/nano deer bone meal (Ica@PLGA/nBM) biomimetic microsphere was fabricated. The Ica could be released from microspheres in a controlled manner. In vitro results showed that the microsphere had good biocompatibility due to the addition of nBM and the MC3T3‐E1 cells could adhere to and grow well on the microspheres. Moreover, Ica and nBM in microspheres could synergically promote the ALP activity of MC3T3‐E1 cells significantly (p < 0.05), which indicated the acceleration of osteogenic differentiation. The RT‐PCR results showed that the expression levels of bone matrix proteins (Col1 & OPN) were enhanced by the composite (p < 0.05). In addition, Ica and nBM in microspheres also obviously promoted the expression of RUNX2 and BMP‐2, respectively (p < 0.05). The in vivo results demonstrated the effective promotion of Ica@PLGA/nBM on complete bony connection to cover the defect site and the bone defect repair. And the Ica(M)@PLGA/nBM microspheres provided the best repair results. All the results confirmed that the Ica@PLGA/nBM composite biomimetic microsphere has the potential for clinical application.
Acetanilide‐loaded injectable hydrogels with enhanced bioactivity and biocompatibility for potential treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Sajjad Saira , Görke Oliver , Kocak Fatma Z. , Shumail Muhammad , Tehseen Saimoon , Zahid Saba , Ikram Fakhera , Yar Muhammad , Khan Abdul Samad , Tufail Shah Asma 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChronic periodontitis poses long‐term challenges in dentistry, requiring the development of innovative dental composites with biocompatibility, bone regeneration, and antibacterial properties. This study focuses on synthesis of novel injectable thermoresponsive hydrogels composed of chitosan, sodium bicarbonate, bioactive glass (20 and 40% w/w), and acetanilide drug (0.3 and 0.6% w/w). These hydrogels exhibit a sol–gel transition at 37°C, addressing periodontal challenges with reduced gelation time. The smooth flow characteristic was evaluated through 17‐22 gauge syringe needles at low temperature. Rheological studies demonstrated pseudoplastic behavior, with viscosity decreasing as shear rate increases. Fourier transform infrared and x‐ray diffraction analysis confirmed the bioactivity of hydrogels, forming a bone‐like apatite layer in simulated body fluid. The drug‐loaded hydrogels demonstrated promising in vitro antibacterial properties against dental pathogens, specifically Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Drug dissolution analysis revealed relatively high release rate at 37°C, highlighting its role in rapidly eliminating bacterial colonies at the target site, while the subsequent sustained release contributes to the prevention of infection recurrence. Finally, biocompatibility was assessed with fibroblast, where the cells were observed anchoring into the polymeric chains of hydrogel through extended filopodia.
Reinforcement of styrene‐acrylonitrile polymer bulk with glass nanofibers to introduce photoluminescent bricks
Authors: Abd El‐Lateef Hany M. , Khalaf Mai M. , Abou Taleb Manal F. , Gouda Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTransparent and mechanically reliable plastic was developed by reinforcing styrene‐acrylonitrile polymer (SAP) with electrospun glass nanofibers (EGN). The physical inclusion of strontium aluminate nanoparticles (SAN) produced long‐persistent photoluminescent and photochromic EGN@SAP bricks or smart windows. EGN were fabricated by electrospinning technique and incorporated as a toughening mediator into styrene‐acrylonitrile plastic to boost its mechanical properties. Transparency of EGN@SAP with the capacity to shift to green under ultraviolet (UV) illumination was verified using photoluminescence analysis and CIE Lab parameters. EGN@SAP with low content of SAN exhibited immediate reversibility of the photochromic feature, proving fluorescence emission. Afterglow emission from EGN@SAP embedded with high concentration of SAN persisted for longer time and was less easily reversed. After excitation at 365 nm, the emission peaked at 519 nm. Increasing the SAN content resulted in improved hydrophobicity and UV protection. Diameter measurements of SAN (6–14 nm) and EGN (75–300 nm) were taken utilizing transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. EGN and EGN@SAP bricks were analyzed for their morphological characteristics using a variety of analytical techniques. The scratch resistance of EGN@SAP bricks containing SAN was enhanced in comparison to SAN‐free EGN@SAP bricks.
Whole body donation for teaching in Ghana: The perspectives of medical doctors
Authors: Arko‐Boham Benjamin , Abankwah Kofi Ampofo , Adutwum‐Ofosu Kevin , Ahenkorah John , Hottor Bismarck Afedo , Koney Nii Koney‐Kwaku 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHistorically, both donated bodies and unclaimed bodies have been the sources of human bodies for anatomy dissection globally with the latter discouraged for ethical reasons. Ghana lacks well‐established body‐donation programs, thus relying heavily on unclaimed bodies. Medical doctors benefit foremost from human bodies in their training and therefore should have a better disposition toward body bequeathal. This study assessed the perception, knowledge, and attitude of medical doctors in a Ghanaian institution toward body donation. As the first Ghanaian study on the subject, it provides the foundation for systematic study of the subject in Ghana. An internet‐based questionnaire was administered to volunteering medical doctors requesting information on their perception of, knowledge of, and attitude toward whole‐body donation. Data were summarized as frequencies. The 200 respondents comprised 1 consultant, 4 specialists, 14 residents, 63 medical officers, and 118 house officers. About 194 (97.0%) were familiar with body donation while 6 (3.0%) were not. Also, 39 (19.5%) were willing to donate their bodies, 98 (49.0%) were unwilling, and 63 (31.5%) undecided. Religion, culture, mishandling of bodies, and lack of awareness were barriers to body donation. Finally, 178 (89.0%) viewed human body dissection as relevant and should remain as part of medical curriculum. Doctors were aware of body donation though only few were willing to donate. Cultural and religious factors were major hindrances to body donation for anatomy education and research, though they were willing to persuade others to participate. Deliberate public education on the subject is required to grow body donation in Ghana.
Degradation of Various Organic Coatings via UV‐Generated Sulfate Radicals
Authors: Baskoro Ghanyatma Adi , Christstardy Yovita Yudith , Roh Jihun H. , Kim Beom Jin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDegradation of organic coatings is essential for recycling valuable substrates. Despite the development of strategies for this purpose, the resulting degradations are typically constrained by the composition of the coating. This paper presents a simple strategy utilizing radicals induced by UV for the degradation of diverse organic coatings. The sulfate radicals, generated from UV‐exposed ammonium persulfates, induce the degradation of various organic coatings, including layer‐by‐layer assembled coating composed of alginate and chitosan polymers as well as polydopamine coating. This strategy also facilitates the separation of two adhered substrates by degrading the adhesive polymer layer positioned between them. This novel approach enables the complete degradation of various organic coatings in aqueous conditions without imposing restrictions on their composition, leading to the recovery of the original surface properties of the substrate.
Assessing and Improving Water Supply Resiliency in New Braunfels, Texas
Authors: Gore‐Datar Nissim , Kent Ashley N. , Zimmermann Ashley , Lundmark Brent , Schoening Charles 
Published: January 2024

Key TakeawaysA holistic resiliency study provides a long‐term perspective on the strengths and vulnerabilities of water supplies and encourages proactive planning.A workshop‐driven approach can tap into the institutional knowledge of staff at all levels.With this approach, utilities can assess their resiliency, understand present and future water supplies, estimate likelihood and consequences of failure, and anticipate demand changes.Decision makers can use a cost–benefit analysis to prioritize solutions and develop implementation timelines based on supply and demand projections.
How Machine Learning Can Help Water Systems During Drought
Authors: Wang Dan , Bui Hung , Zúñiga Eric J. 
Published: January 2024

Key TakeawaysTraditional drought risk measures can be unreliable and inefficient; machine learning can do better by learning from the data and establishing hidden connections and patterns.Machine learning models can help water systems determine their vulnerabilities to drought.Developing a machine learning model should be a collaborative process among data scientists, domain experts, and decision makers.
Help Wanted: Job Descriptions for Digital Workers in the Water Industry
Authors: Curtis Catherine , Goodburn Cindy 
Published: January 2024

Key TakeawaysThe water industry needs updated job descriptions, not just for positions requiring digital expertise but to cultivate a digital workforce that expects to learn new skills over time.Novel technologies such as digital twins, drones, and virtual reality training require new job classifications for digital workers in the water sector, now and in the future.To meet water workforce challenges like employee retention and retirements, accurate job announcements can help utilities fill vacancies faster and maintain a professionally agile staff.
Public health priorities for gastroschisis: Summary of a meeting sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the March of Dimes
Authors: Tepper Naomi K. , Chowdhury Julia , Moore Cynthia A. , Werler Martha M. , Mishkin Kathryn , Reefhuis Jennita 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundGastroschisis has increased worldwide over several decades; however, there are significant gaps in understanding risk factors for development of the defect, particularly those that might be modifiable. Despite advances in survival, little is known about longer‐term outcomes for affected individuals.MethodsOn April 27– and 28, 2023, the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and March of Dimes sponsored a meeting entitled “Public Health Priorities for Gastroschisis”. The meeting goals were to review current knowledge on gastroschisis, discuss research gaps, and identify future priorities for public health surveillance, research, and action related to gastroschisis. Meeting participants encompassed a broad range of expertise and experience, including public health, clinical care of individuals with gastroschisis, affected individuals and families, and representatives from professional organizations and federal agencies.ResultsSeveral goals were identified for future public health surveillance and research, including focused theory‐driven research on risk factors and increased study of longer‐term effects of gastroschisis through improved surveillance. Certain public health actions were identified, that which could improve the care of affected individuals, including increased education of providers and enhanced resources for patients and families.ConclusionsThese efforts may lead to an improved understanding of pathogenesis, risk factors, and outcomes and to improved care throughout the lifespan.
Effects of music on cognitive behavioral impairments in both sex of adult rats exposed prenatally to valproic acid
Authors: Taheri Farahnaz , Joushi Sara , Mohammadipoor‐Ghasemabad Lily , Rad Iman , Esmaeilpour Khadijeh , Sheibani Vahid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairment in reciprocal social interactions, deficits in communication, and restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interests. In previous studies, music has been identified as an intervention therapy for children with ASD.ObjectivesThe present study evaluated the effects of music on cognitive behavioral impairments in both sexes of adult rats exposed prenatally to Valproic acid.MethodsFor induction of autism, pregnant female rats were pretreated with either saline or VPA (600 mg/kg.i.p.) at gestational day (GD) 12.5. Male and female offspring were divided into Saline.Non‐Music, VPA.Non‐Music, Saline.Music, and VPA.Music groups. The adult rats in the music groups were exposed to Mozart's piano sonata K.448 for 30 days (4 h/day), from postnatal day (PND) 60 to 90. Social interaction and Morris water maze (MWM) tasks were tested at PND 90.ResultsOur results revealed that prenatal exposure to VPA decreased sociability and social memory performance in both sexes of adult rats. Moreover, prenatal exposure to VPA created learning and memory impairments in both sexes of adult rats in the MWM task. Music intervention improved sociability in both sexes of VPA‐exposed rats and social memory in both sexes of VPA‐exposed rats, especially in females. Furthermore, our results revealed that music ameliorated learning impairments in VPA‐exposed female rats in the MWM task. In addition, music improved spatial memory impairments in VPA‐exposed rats of both sexes, especially in females, which needs more investigation in molecular and histological fields in future studies.ConclusionMusic intervention improved sociability and social memory in adult VPA‐exposed rats, especially in female animals. Furthermore, music improved memory impairments in VPA‐exposed rats of both sexes. It seems that music had a better influence on female rats. However, future studies need more investigations in molecular and histological fields.
National population‐based estimates for major birth defects, 2016–2020
Authors: Stallings Erin B. , Isenburg Jennifer L. , Rutkowski Rachel E. , Kirby Russell S. , Nembhard Wendy N. , Sandidge Theresa , Villavicencio Stephan , Nguyen Hoang H. , McMahon Daria M. , Nestoridi Eirini , Pabst Laura J. ,   for the National Birth Defects Prevention Network
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe provide updated crude and adjusted prevalence estimates of major birth defects in the United States for the period 2016–2020.MethodsData were collected from 13 US population‐based surveillance programs that used active or a combination of active and passive case ascertainment methods to collect all birth outcomes. These data were used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates and national prevalence estimates adjusted for maternal race/ethnicity for all conditions, and maternal age for trisomies and gastroschisis. Prevalence was compared to previously published national estimates from 1999 to 2014.ResultsAdjusted national prevalence estimates per 10,000 live births ranged from 0.63 for common truncus to 18.65 for clubfoot. Temporal changes were observed for several birth defects, including increases in the prevalence of atrioventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, omphalocele, trisomy 18, and trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) and decreases in the prevalence of anencephaly, common truncus, transposition of the great arteries, and cleft lip with and without cleft palate.ConclusionThis study provides updated national estimates of selected major birth defects in the United States. These data can be used for continued temporal monitoring of birth defects prevalence. Increases and decreases in prevalence since 1999 observed in this study warrant further investigation.
Reproductive toxicity of JJH201501 in rats: Perinatal study
Authors: Sun Menghan , Yue Peng , Qiao Hongqun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn this study, JJH201501 was examined for reproductive toxicity during the perinatal period to support its safety as a novel serotonergic agent (5‐HT) antidepressant. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats (F0, n = 24/group) were continuously exposed to 0 (control), 6, 18, and 60 mg/kg body weight/day of JJH201501 by intragastric administration from gestation day 15 to lactation day 21.MethodsDuring this period, maternal toxicity was evaluated based on clinical signs, body weight, feed intake, delivery condition, litter parameters, and necropsy, with body weight, sex ratios, malformation incidence, physical, and neurodevelopmental assessments conducted on all offspring rats. Ten pups (male:female 1:1) from each dam within each dose group on postnatal day 4 (PND4) were randomly selected. One pair was evaluated for behavior evaluations (F1a) after PND35, one for reproduction performance (F1b) after 10 weeks, and three for organ weight and deformities (F1c) on PND35. After successful mating, F1b male rats were weighed and dissected to assess reproductive organ weight and sperm motility. Pregnant F1b rats were weighed and monitored for food intake twice weekly until laparotomy on GD14, which recorded live/dead fetuses, resorptions, implantations, corpora lutea, and uterine weight. Some statistical differences were found between the JJH‐treated and control groups in maternal weight, food consumption, and F1 body weight and water maze performance.ResultsAutopsy results showed that JJH201501 had a low cardiac index effect in F0, with no significant histopathological changes detected. Only one F1 offspring died in the high‐dose group throughout the experiment. Due to the lack of dose‐dependent effects and the consistent growth pattern of these alterations, the study findings do not suggest any toxicological significance for the observed results.ConclusionIn conclusion, the no‐observed‐adverse‐effect level of JJH201501 for perinatal rats is about 60 mg/kg b.w./day.
Retinoblastoma treatment in a Brazilian population. Presentation and long‐term results
Authors: Bonanomi Maria Teresa Brizzi Chizzotti , de Almeida Maria Tereza A. , Hollaender Marianna A. , Bonanomi Roberta Chizzotti , Monteiro Mario Luiz Ribeiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionRetinoblastoma is a malignant tumor with a high cure potential when proper therapy is used. The purpose of this paper is to report the clinical features and outcomes of patients with retinoblastoma who were treated with a combination of local and systemic chemotherapy‐based protocols.MethodWe retrospectively studied patients treated with systemic chemotherapy plus local treatment between 2003 and 2015 with a follow‐up ≥2 years. We correlated clinical and pathological characteristics with decimal visual acuity (VA) and death.ResultsAmong 119 patients, 60% had unilateral disease (UNI), and 52% were male. The median presentation age was 19.5 months, 10% had a positive family history, and the most frequent sign was leukocoria (68.8%). Advanced disease was more frequent in eyes with UNI (98.4%) than in eyes with bilateral retinoblastoma (BIL: 55.3%). Enucleation was performed in 97% of UNI eyes and in 55.8% of BIL eyes. The overall globe salvage was 26.6%, 44.25% of BIL eyes. Bilateral enucleation was required in 5%. High‐risk pathologic features occurred in 50% and 37% of eyes enucleated without and with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, respectively. High‐risk features were related to the presence of goniosynechiae in the pathologic specimen and were more frequent in children younger than 10 months or older than 40 months. Extraocular disease was present in 5% of patients, and the death rate related to metastasis of the tumor was 8%. The final VA was ≥ 0.7 in 72.8% and ≥0.1 in 91% of BIL patients.ConclusionsTreatment of retinoblastoma with conservative systemic‐based chemotherapy was associated with an excellent survival rate (92%). Albeit the low overall globe salvage rate, in BIL patients, approximately half the eyes were conserved, and a satisfactory functional visual result was achieved The evaluated protocol is an important treatment option, especially in developing countries.
Metabolic Profiling, GC‐MS, LC‐ESI‐MS/MS Analysis, Phenolics Isolation and Biological Evaluation of the Aerial Parts Extracts ofFelicia abyssinicaL.
Authors: Elshorbagy Ahmed M. , Fayed Marwa A. A. , Sallam Amal , Badria Farid A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFelicia abyssinicaL., family Asteraceae, is widely used in folk medicine. This represents the first study to investigate its phytoconstituents and pharmacological effects. Phytoconstituents identified by GC‐MS, LC‐ESI‐MS/MS‐based metabolomics, and NMR (1D & 2D). GC‐MS of the (FAMEs) revealed mainly the identification of 55 fatty acids. LC‐ESI‐MS/MS analysis resulted in the tentative identity of 13 compounds representing flavonoids, phenolics, and fatty acids. Ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest total flavonoids 66.19 mg/mL Rutin equivalent, while the methanolic fraction showed the highest phenolics 87.70 mg/mL gallic acid equivalent, and the total condensed tannins were 64.35 μg CE/mg catechins equivalent. A flavonoid and a cinnamic acid derivative were identified as quercetin 3‐O‐(2′′′‐O‐acetyl) rutinoside (Mumikotin A) (1) and Methyl sinapate (2). Biological evaluation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities was carried out. Cytotoxicity was examined on HepG‐2 cell lines where the average cell viability was 91.42 % and 52.48 % for concentrations 10 and 100 μg/mL respectively. Methylene chloride and methanolic fractions showed the highest antioxidant activity 225 μg/mL Ascorbic acid equivalents. It is hypothesized that high phenolics, flavonoid content, and oxygenated identified compounds contribute to the antioxidant activity and can be regarded as a promising species for nutraceuticals active antioxidants with potential value for remedy.