bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant‐derived virulence arresting drugs as novel antimicrobial agents: Discovery, perspective, and challenges in clinical use
Authors: Lu Lan , Wang Jingya , Wang Chongrui , Zhu Jie , Wang Hongping , Liao Li , Zhao Yuting , Wang Xiaobo , Yang Chen , He Zhengyou , Li Mingxing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) emerges as a severe crisis to public health and requires global action. The occurrence of bacterial pathogens with multi‐drug resistance appeals to exploring alternative therapeutic strategies. Antivirulence treatment has been a positive substitute in seeking to circumvent AMR, which aims to target virulence factors directly to combat bacterial infections. Accumulated evidence suggests that plant‐derived natural products, which have been utilized to treat infectious diseases for centuries, can be abundant sources for screening potential virulence‐arresting drugs (VADs) to develop advanced therapeutics for infectious diseases. This review sums up some virulence factors and their actions in various species of bacteria, as well as recent advances pertaining to plant‐derived natural products as VAD candidates. Furthermore, we also discuss natural VAD‐related clinical trials and patents, the perspective of VAD‐based advanced therapeutics for infectious diseases and critical challenges hampering clinical use of VADs, and genomics‐guided identification for VAD therapeutic. These newly discovered natural VADs will be encouraging and optimistic candidates that may sustainably combat AMR.
Moringa oleiferaLam. as a potential plant for alleviation of the metabolic syndrome—A narrative review based on in vivo and clinical studies
Authors: Adarthaiya Saikrupa , Sehgal Amit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to the co‐occurrence of risk factors, including hyperglycaemia, increased body weight, hypertension and dyslipidemia, which eventually lead to diabetes and cardiovascular disease, a common health problem worldwide. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of plant‐based products for the management of MetS, because of their less detrimental and more beneficial effects.Moringa oleifera(Moringaceae), commonly known as drumstick, is cultivated worldwide for its nutritional and medicinal properties. This review focuses on the in vivo and human studies concerning the potential ofM. oleiferain the alleviation of MetS and its comorbidities. The search for relevant articles was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Randomised controlled and clinical trials from the PubMed database were included in this review. The results suggested that the administration ofM. oleifera, in vivo, shows clear signs of improvement in MetS indices. Despite fewer human studies, the existing data documented convincing results that uphold the potential ofM. oleiferaagainst MetS. Therefore, future research discussing the probable mechanism of action is much needed which could further assure the usage ofM. oleiferain the treatment regimen of MetS.
Using sulfur stable isotope ratios (δ34S) for animal geolocation: Estimating the delay mechanisms between diet ingestion and isotope incorporation in tail hair
Authors: Kabalika Zabibu , Haydon Daniel T. , McGill Rona A. R. , Morales Juan M. , Morrison Thomas A. , Newton Jason , Hopcraft J. Grant C. 
Published: November 2023

RationaleMetabolism and diet quality play an important role in determining delay mechanisms between an animal ingesting an element and depositing the associated isotope signal in tissue. While many isotope mixing models assume instantaneous reflection of diet in an animal– tissue, this is rarely the case. Here we use data from wildebeest to measure the lag time between ingestion of 34S and its detection in tail hair.MethodsWe use time‐lagged regression analysis of δ34S data from GPS‐collared blue wildebeest from the Serengeti ecosystem in combination with δ34S isoscape data to estimate the lag time between an animal ingesting and depositing 34S in tail hair.ResultsThe best fitting regression model of δ34S in tail hair and an individual– position on the δ34S isoscape is generated assuming an average time delay of 78 days between ingestion and detection in tail hair. This suggests that sulfur may undergo multiple metabolic transitions before being deposited in tissue.ConclusionOur findings help to unravel the underlying complexities associated with sulfur metabolism and are broadly consistent with results from other species. These findings will help to inform research aiming to apply the variation of δ34S in inert biological material for geolocation or understanding dietary changes, especially for fast moving migratory ungulates such as wildebeest.
Measuring pandemic‐related anxiety and confidence in care in chronic patients using the Psychological Consequences of a Pandemic Event (PCPE) questionnaire
Authors: Moroni Loretta , Bottesi Gioia , Bertolotti Giorgio , Cangiano Azzurra , Rizza Claudia , Malerba Anna , Picozzi Anna , Burro Roberto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has determined a considerable increase in psychological distress worldwide. Compared with the general population, patients with chronic conditions experience higher stress levels due to the increased risk of worse health outcomes from COVID‐19 infection. Worries and fear of contagion could cause them to avoid going to their health facilities for medical examinations, which results in higher risks of morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to develop and validate the Psychological Consequences of a Pandemic Event (PCPE) self‐report questionnaire, and to assess the psychological effects of exposure to a pandemic on mood and on treatment adherence appropriate for patients with chronic diseases. Data were analysed with Rasch analysis after an Exploratory Factor Analysis and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis. We identified a final set of 10 items, divided into two independent factors labelled “pandemic‐related anxiety” and “confidence in care”. Finally, we transformed the raw scores of both factors into two interval scales (two rulers) that met the requirements of the fundamental measurement. The PCPE questionnaire has demonstrated to be a short and easy‐to‐administer measure, with valid and reliable psychometric properties, capable of assessing pandemic‐related anxiety and confidence in care in patients with chronic clinical conditions.
Listening to other people's traumatic experiences: What makes it hard and what could protect professionals from developing related distress? A qualitative investigation
Authors: Livanou Maria , Whittenbury Kate , Di Basilio Daniela 
Published: November 2023

AbstractListening to people talk about their trauma experiences involves indirect exposure to trauma (IET) and can trigger emotional distress. Existing studies about the risk factors for post‐IET distress have methodological limitations and reported inconsistent results, making their findings difficult to meaningfully synthesise. Also, most of them did not focus explicitly on trauma narratives and did not explore qualitatively the opinions and experiences of professionals who work closely with trauma survivors. The present study involved 36 professionals who worked with trauma survivors and used a qualitative design to investigate: (a) the perceived impact of the survivors' accounts, (b) the factors they deemed as important to be psychologically prepared for trauma accounts, and (c) their strategies for coping with IET. The semi‐structured interviews conducted yielded rich data that was analysed thematically and organised in 13 subordinate themes, and 4 master themes. Listening to trauma narratives was thought to lead to emotional distress when it challenges the listener's ‘basic assumptions’ of safety and justice, when the listener has reduced sense of control and operates outside their ‘window of tolerance’, when empathic responses are too strong, and psychological preparedness for trauma‐narratives is perceived as insufficient. Recommendations for future research and implications for practice are discussed.
The racial gap in entrepreneurship and opportunities inside established firms
Authors: Yang Tiantian , Kacperczyk Olenka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryRacial disparities in entrepreneurship have been widely discussed in the literature, with most studies focusing on mechanisms that amplify such disparities. However, less attention has been devoted to factors that promote inclusion. We propose that intrapreneurship—launching and operating new ventures inside established organizations—represents a more inclusive entrepreneurial pathway than entrepreneurship involving a standalone venture. We predict that relative to White employees, Black employees will (1) be more likely to engage in intrapreneurship than entrepreneurship and (2) achieve greater financial performance as founders of internal ventures than standalone ventures. Using data on a representative sample of American new business founders in 2005, we found evidence for our theory. Our study highlights the importance of intrapreneurship in leveling the playing field for racial minorities pursuing entrepreneurial activities.Managerial SummaryDespite the persistent inequalities in the representation of racial minorities in entrepreneurship, how to make the entrepreneurial path more inclusive remains less well understood. In this study, we find that intrapreneurship—or launching and running a new venture within an already established firm—holds the potential to offering a more inclusive route to entrepreneurship, compared to the traditional way of starting a standalone business. Using data from a representative sample of American business founders in 2005, we find that Black employees are more likely to take the intrapreneurship route rather than starting their own independent businesses. We also find that, conditional on founding a new venture, Blacks are more likely to achieve financial success as intrapreneurs than entrepreneurs. Finally, when discrimination is more prevalent and other indicators of quality are lacking, the gaps in founding rates and new‐venture performance between Blacks and Whites are less likely to widen in intrapreneurship compared to standalone entrepreneurship. Overall, these findings have important implications for practices that can help address the racial disparities we see in entrepreneurship.
Partial Thermal Condensation Mediated Synthesis of High‐Density Nickel Single Atom Sites on Carbon Nitride for Selective Photooxidation of Methane into Methanol
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Antal Peter , Wang Xiyang , Wang Jiu , Trivedi Dhwanil , Fellner Ondřej František , Wu Yimin A. , Nemec Ivan , Santana Vinicius Tadeu , Kopp Josef , Neugebauer Petr , Hu Jinguang , Kibria Md Golam , Kumar Subodh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDirect selective transformation of greenhouse methane (CH4) to liquid oxygenates (methanol) can substitute energy‐intensive two‐step (reforming/Fischer–Tropsch) synthesis while creating environmental benefits. The development of inexpensive, selective, and robust catalysts that enable room temperature conversion will decide the future of this technology. Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with isolated active centers embedded in support have displayed significant promises in catalysis to drive challenging reactions. Herein, high‐density Ni single atoms are developed and stabilized on carbon nitride (NiCN) via thermal condensation of preorganized Ni‐coordinated melem units. The physicochemical characterization of NiCN with various analytical techniques including HAADF‐STEM and X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) validate the successful formation of Ni single atoms coordinated to the heptazine‐constituted CN network. The presence of uniform catalytic sites improved visible absorption and carrier separation in densely populated NiCN SAC resulting in 100% selective photoconversion of (CH4) to methanol using H2O2 as an oxidant. The superior catalytic activity can be attributed to the generation of high oxidation (NiIII═O) sites and selective C─H bond cleavage to generate •CH3 radicals on Ni centers, which can combine with •OH radicals to generate CH3OH.
Inorganic Oxide‐Based “Hydrophobic–Hydrophilic–Hydrophobic” Separators Systems for Long‐Life Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Di , Lu Hongfei , Duan Chenxu , Qin Yi , Zhu Zhenjie , Zhang Zili , Lyu Nawei , Jin Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHydrogen reduction reaction (HER) and corrosion limit the long‐life cycle of zinc‐ion batteries. However, hydrophilic separators are unable to prevent direct contact between water and electrodes, and hydrophobic separators have difficulty in transporting electrolytes. In this work, an inorganic oxide‐based “hydrophobic–hydrophilic–hydrophobic” self‐assembled separator system is proposed. The hydrophobic layer consists of a porous structure, which can isolate a large amount of free water to avoid HER and corrosion reactions, and can transport electrolyte by binding water. The middle hydrophilic layer acts as a storage layer consisting of the GF separator, storing large amounts of electrolyte for proper circulation. By using this structure separator, Zn||Zn symmetric cell achieve 2200 h stable cycle life at 5 mA cm−2 and 1mAh cm−2 and still shows a long life of 1800 h at 10 mA cm−2 and 1mAh cm−2. The assembled Zn||VO2 full cell displays high specific capacity and excellent long‐term durability of 60.4% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 2C. The assembled Zn||VO2 pouch full cell displays high specific capacity of 172.5mAh g−1 after 40 cycles at 0.5C. Changing the inorganic oxide materials, the hydrophobic–hydrophilic–hydrophobic structure of the separators still has excellent performance. This work provides a new idea for the engineering of water‐based battery separators.
CO2 Stress‐Driven Room Temperature Ferromagnetism of Ultrathin 2D Gallium Oxide
Authors: Zhao Lanyu , Wu Wenzhuo , Gao Bo , Zhao Zhiliang , An Bin , Xu Qun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSpintronic devices work by manipulating the spin of electrons other than charge transfer, which is of revolutionary significance and can largely reduce energy consumption in the future. Herein, ultrathin two‐dimensional (2D) non‐van der Waals (non‐vdW) γ‐Ga2O3 with room temperature ferromagnetism is successfully obtained by using supercritical CO2 (SC CO2). The stress effect of SC CO2 under different pressures selectively modulates the orientation and strength of covalent bonds, leading to the change of atomic structure including lattice expansion, introduction of O vacancy, and transition of Ga‐O coordination (GaO4 and GaO6). Magnetic measurements show that pristine γ‐Ga2O3 is nonferromagnetic, whereas the SC CO2 treated γ‐Ga2O3 exhibits obvious ferromagnetic behavior with an optimal magnetization of 0.025 emu g−1 and a Curie temperature of 300 K.
Dimensionality Engineering of Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskites for Next‐Generation X‐Ray Detector
Authors: Shen Yue , Ran Chenxin , Dong Xue , Wu Zhongbin , Huang Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe next‐generation X‐ray detectors require novel semiconductors with low material/fabrication cost, excellent X‐ray response characteristics, and robust operational stability. The family of organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) materials comprises a range of crystal configuration (i.e., films, wafers, and single crystals) with tunable chemical composition, structures, and electronic properties, which can perfectly meet the multiple‐stringent requirements of high‐energy radiation detection, making them emerging as the cutting‐edge candidate for next‐generation X‐ray detectors. From the perspective of molecular dimensionality, the physicochemical and optoelectronic characteristics of OIHPs exhibit dimensionality‐dependent behavior, and thus the structural dimensionality is recognized as the key factor that determines the device performance of OIHPs‐based X‐ray detectors. Nevertheless, the correlation between dimensionality of OIHPs and performance of their X‐ray detectors is still short of theoretical guidance, which become a bottleneck that impedes the development of efficient X‐ray detectors. In the review, the advanced studies on the dimensionality engineering of OIHPs are critically assessed in X‐ray detection application, discussing the current understanding on the “dimensionality‐property” relationship of OIHPs and the state‐of‐the‐art progresses on the dimensionality‐engineered OIHPs‐based X‐ray detector, and highlight the open challenges and future outlook of this field.
Amorphization of MXenes: Boosting Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Peng Jiahe , Zhang Zhongyong , Wang Hao , Zhang Peng , Zhao Xiujian , Jia Yu , Yue Yuanzheng , Li Neng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe emergence of amorphous 2D materials has opened up new avenue for materials science and nanotechnology in the recent years. Their unique disordered structure, excellent large‐area uniformity, and low fabrication cost make them important for various industrial applications. However, there have no reports on the amorphous MXene materials. In this work, the amorphous Ti2C–MXene (a‐Ti2C–MXene) model is built by ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) approach. This model is a unique amorphous model, which is totally different from continuous random network (CRN) model for silicate glass and amorphous model for amorphous 2D BN and graphene. The structure analysis shows that the a‐Ti2C–MXene composited by [Ti5C] and [Ti6C] cluster, which are surrounded by the region of mixed cluster [TixC], [Ti–Ti] cluster, and [C–C] cluster. There is a high chemical activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in a‐Ti2C–MXene with |ΔGH| 0.001 eV, implying that they serve as the potential boosting HER performance. The work provides insights that can pave the way for future research on novel MXene materials, leading to their increased applications in various fields.
High‐Throughput Automatic Laser Printing Strategy toward Cost‐effective Portable Integrated Urea Tele‐Monitoring System
Authors: Huang Yangyi , Yang Rongliang , Zhong Haosong , Lee Connie Kong Wai , Pan Yexin , Tan Min , Chen Yi , Jiang Na , Li Mitch Guijun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA portable sweat urea sensing system is a promising solution to satisfy the booming requirement of kidney function tele‐monitoring. However, the complicated manufacturing route and the cumbersome electrochemical testing system still need to be improved to develop the urea point‐of‐care testing (POCT) and tele‐monitoring devices. Here, a universal technical route based on a high‐throughput automatic laser printing strategy for fabricating the portable integrated urea monitoring system is proposed. This integrated system includes a high‐performance laser‐printed urea sensing electrode, a planar three‐electrode system, and a self‐developed wireless mini‐electrochemical workstation. A precursor donor layer is activated by laser scribing and in situ transferred into functional nanoparticles for the drop‐on‐demand printing of the urea sensing electrode. The obtained electrodes show high sensitivity, low detection limit, fast response time, high selectivity, good average recovery, and long‐term stability for urea sensing. Additionally, a laser‐induced graphene circuit‐based miniature planar three‐electrode system and a wireless mini‐electrochemical workstation are designed for sensing data collection and transmitting, achieving real‐time urea POCT and tele‐monitoring. This scalable method provides a universal solution for high‐throughput and ultra‐fast fabrication of urea‐sensing electrodes. The portable integrated urea monitoring system is a competitive option to achieve cost‐effective POCT and tele‐monitoring for kidney function.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of P‐Type (Bi,Sb)2Te3 by Incorporating Non‐Stoichiometric Ag5Te3 and Refining Te‐Se Ratio
Authors: Zhang Yuyou , Pang Kaikai , Zhang Qiang , Li Yanan , Zhou Wenjie , Tan Xiaojian , Noudem Jacques G. , Wu Gang , Chen Lidong , Hu Haoyang , Sun Peng , Wu Jiehua , Liu Guo‐Qiang , Jiang Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPower generation modules utilizing thermoelectric (TE) materials are suitable for recycling widespread low‐grade waste heat (<600 K), highlighting the immediate necessity for advanced Bi2Te3‐based alloys. Herein, the substantial enhancement in TE performance of the p‐type Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 (BST) sintered sample is realized by subtly incorporating the non‐stoichiometric Ag5Te3 and counteractive Se. Specifically, Ag atoms diffused into the BST lattice improve the density‐of‐states effective mass (md*) and boost the hole concentration for the suppressed bipolar effect. The addition of Se further improves md* prompting the room‐temperature power factor upgrade to 46 W cm−1 K−2. Concurrently, the lattice thermal conductivity is considerably lowered by multiple scattering sources exemplified by Sb‐rich nanoprecipitates and dense dislocations. These synergistic results yield a high peak ZT of 1.44 at 375 K and an average ZT of 1.28 between 300 and 500 K in the Bi0.4Sb1.6Te2.95Se0.05 + 0.05 wt.% Ag5Te3 sample. More significantly, when coupled with n‐type zone‐melted Bi2Te2.7Se0.3, the integrated 17‐pair TE module achieves a competitive conversion efficiency of 6.1% and an output power density of 0.40 W cm−2 at a temperature difference of 200 K, demonstrating great potential for practical applications.
A Ratiometric Gene‐Switch System for miRNA Sensing and Gene Regulation
Authors: Zhang Chuanxian , Zhang Beilei , Tang Chu , Shi Xiaorui , Guo Bin , Wang Fu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non‐coding, small RNAs that play an important role in diverse biological processes and diseases. By regulating the expression of eukaryotic genes post‐transcriptionally in a sequence‐specific manner, miRNAs are widely used to design synthetic RNA switches. However, most of the RNA switches are often dependent on the corresponding ligand molecules, whose specificity and concentration would affect the efficiency of synthetic RNA circuits. Here, a fused transcriptional repressor Gal4BD‐Rluc based gene‐switch system Gal‐miR for miRNA visualization and gene regulation is described. By placing a luciferase downstream gene under the control of endogenous miRNA machinery, the Gal‐miR system makes the conversion of miRNA‐mediated gene silencing into a ratiometric bioluminescent signal, which quantitatively reflected miRNA‐206 activity during myogenic differentiation. Moreover, it demonstrates that this gene‐switch system can effectively inhibit breast cancer cell viability, migration and invasion under the control of specific miRNAs by replacing the downstream gene with melittin functional gene. The study proposes a powerful modular genetic design for achieving precise control of transgene expression in a miRNA responsive way, as well as visualizing the dynamics of miRNA activity.