bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rabeprazole in a one‐week eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori: Comparison of different dosages
Authors: MARIO FRANCESCO DI , DAL BÒ NADIA , ARAGONA GIOVANNI , MOUSSA ALI M , IORI VERONICA , CAVESTRO GIULIA M , PILOTTO ALBERTO , LEANDRO GIOACCHINO , FRANCESCHI MARILISA , RUGGE MASSIMO , FRANZÈ Angelo 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAim: Many data regarding omeprazole‐, lanzoprazole‐ and pantoprazole‐based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication have been reported, but there is few data present regarding rabeprazole (R). We report the efficacy and tolerability of rabeprazole in different dosages in association with clarithromycin (C)and tinidazole (T) in H. pylori eradication.Design and Methods: Ninety‐four H. pylori‐positive patients with dyspeptic symptoms were enrolled and randomly allocated to eradication therapy in two different one‐week regimens. In regimen A, 47 patients received R 20 mg b.i.d, C 500 mg b.i.d and T 500 mg b.i.d, while in regimen B, 47 patients received R 10 mg b.i.d, C 500 mg b.i.d and T 500 mg b.i.d. Eradication of H. pylori was evaluated by a 13C urea breath test (UBT) two months after the end of the therapy.Results: Four patients (two in each regimen) did not complete treatment. The H. pylori eradication rate was 91.4% in group A compared to 89.3% in group B (P‐value not significant). Minor side‐effects were reported in 4.2% of group A and 6.4% of group B patients.Conclusion: Rabeprazole showed good efficacy and tolerability in one‐week H. pylori therapy at 20 mg b.i.d and 10 mg b.i.d, suggesting the use of the lower dosage.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Rabeprazole treatment attenuated Helicobacter pylori‐associated gastric mucosal lesion formation in Mongolian gerbils
Authors: SUZUKI HIDEKAZU , MIYAZAWA MASAHARU , NAGAHASHI SHOICHI , SATO MASARU , BESSHO MOTOAKI , NAGATA HIROSHI , MIURA SOICHIRO , ISHII HIROMASA 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground and Aim: Although rabeprazole (RPZ), a proton pump inhibitor, has been reported to have a bactericidal effect on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), no studies have been conducted regarding the effect of RPZ on gastric mucosal lesion formation caused by this bacterium. In the present study, we investigated the effect of RPZ on H. pylori‐associated gastric mucosal lesion formation.Methods: Sixty‐two male Mongolian gerbils were inoculated with H. pylori (ATCC43504) (Hp group) and 60 gerbils with the culture media alone (control group). Some gerbils in the Hp group and in the control group were injected with RPZ (1 mg/kg/day, for 7 days) at the 5th week. Gerbils were evaluated at the 12th, 24th and 48th weeks.Results: In the Hp group, all gerbils were persistently infected for 24 weeks, but 36% became negative for H. pylori at the 48th week. In the Hp + RPZ group, 18% of gerbils at the 12th week, 40% at the 24th week, and 80% at the 48th week, became negative for H. pylori. The level of neutrophil infiltration was significantly decreased in the Hp + RPZ group in comparison to the Hp group, possibly through the effects of RPZ on initial bacterial colonization and resultant inflammation. Even in the gerbils that became H. pylori‐negative, the level of neutrophil infiltration was lower in the Hp + RPZ group than in the Hp group. RPZ treatment significantly increased the level of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) at the 48th week. The elevated levels of the reduced form of GSH may have been reduced by an antioxidation process in the H. pylori‐positive Hp + RPZ group.Conclusion: Administration of RPZ not only inhibited gastric H. pylori colonization, but also reduced gastric mucosal inflammation in gerbils, possibly through its antibacterial action as well as pharmacological recruitment of the reduced form of GSH.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Preclinical study of endoscopic ultrasonography with electronic radial scanning echoendoscope
Authors: NIWA KATSUSHI , HIROOKA YOSHIKI , ITOH AKIHIRO , HASHIMOTO SENJU , HIRAI TAKANORI , TAKEDA KINICHI , GOTO HIDEMI 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: To evaluate the imaging possibility of a newly designed electronic radial scanning echoendoscope (ER‐ES).Methods: In the in vivo study of swine, we obtained B‐mode endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) images of the gastric and gallbladder (GB) walls and checked the ability to detect Doppler signals using ER‐ES and electronic linear array echoendoscope (EL‐ES). Furthermore, in the ex vivo study of swine, B‐mode EUS images of fixed gastric and GB wall specimens were obtained using ER‐ES, EL‐ES and mechanical radial scanning echoendoscope (MR‐ES). In the study of resected human specimens, we obtained B‐mode EUS images of five resected GB specimens (three normal GB, one cholecystitis and one cancerous) using the three types of echoendoscope.Results: In the in vivo study of swine, ER‐ES and EL‐ES depicted the gastric walls as five‐layered, and the GB walls as single‐layered structures. The ability to detect Doppler signals was equal between ER‐ES and EL‐ES. In the ex vivo study of swine, ER‐ES, MR‐ES and EL‐ES equally delineated the gastric walls as five‐layered and GB walls as three‐layered structures. In the study of resected human specimens, results demonstrated the normal GB walls as three‐layered, the cholecystitis as a combination of outer high‐echoic and inner low‐echoic layers, and the cancer as a protruded tumor.Conclusions: We conclude that ER‐ES has faculties for making B‐mode images as well as EL‐ES and MR‐ES. In addition, in the in vivo study, ER‐ES can analyze blood flow information as well as EL‐ES.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Effects of lipopolysaccharide on the biliary excretion of bile acids and organic anions in rats
Authors: HOJO MAKOTO , SANO NAOYO , TAKIKAWA HAJIME 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: Lipopolysaccharide is known to be a cause of cholestasis associated with sepsis. It has also recently been reported to down‐regulate the basolateral and canalicular transporters. The aim of the present study was to examine simultaneously the effect of lipopolysaccharide on the biliary excretion of typical substrates of bile salt export pump and multidrug resistance protein 2 in vivo, and the effect of lipopolysaccharide on the amount of these transporters.Methods: After intravenous administration of O127:B8‐derived lipopolysaccharide (2.5 mg/kg), the biliary excretion of taurocholate and various organic anions was studied, and the protein levels of bile salt export pump and multidrug resistance protein 2 in the crude liver membrane was determined by western blot analysis.Results: Lipopolysaccharide decreased the biliary excretion of tracer amounts of taurocholate, leukotriene C4, taurolithocholate‐3‐sulfate and temocapril without affecting bile flow. The biliary excretion of high doses of taurocholate and sulfobromophthalein was markedly inhibited by lipopolysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharide decreased bile salt export pump levels in the liver plasma membrane fraction to 48% of control rats, and markedly decreased multidrug resistance protein 2 levels to 17% of control rats.Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that down‐regulation of the canalicular transporters by lipopolysaccharide causes the impairment of the biliary excretion of bile acids and organic anions in cholestasis of sepsis prior to the decrease of bile flow.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Flow cytometric measurement of tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand and its receptors in gastric epithelium and infiltrating mucosal lymphocytes in Helicobacter pylori‐associated gastritis
Authors: KOYAMA SHOHEI 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: Tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptors have recently been reported to be responsible for apoptotic signaling molecules. However, little is known about TRAIL‐mediated apoptosis in the human glandular stomach.Methods: Biopsies from 66 patients (28 Helicobacter pylori‐negative, 38 H. pylori‐positive) were investigated for phenotypic distribution of TRAIL and its receptors DR4/DR5 and DcR2 on mucosal epithelium, and infiltrating mucosal lymphocytes using flow cytometry. Apoptosis of the cells was examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)‐mediated dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL). In addition, the phenotypic distribution of CD antigens on infiltrating major T‐ and B‐lymphocytes were determined.Results: Membrane‐bound TRAIL and its receptors were constitutively expressed in all patients with high levels in the gastric mucosal epithelium. In particular, these protein molecules were overexpressed in mucosal lymphocytes coupled with increased proportions of CD19+ B cells, and CD3+ T cells bearing CD8+CD11b– and CD4+CD62L– surface phenotypes in H. pylori‐positive gastric mucosa. The frequencies of apoptotic epithelium and infiltrating lymphocytes in H. pylori‐associated gastritis were significantly greater than those of H. pylori‐negative normal mucosa (P < 0.01).Conclusion: The present findings show that flow cytometric analysis is useful for detection of membrane‐bound TRAIL and its receptors in gastric epithelium and infiltrating mucosal lymphocytes.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Effect of different doses of furazolidone with amoxicillin and omeprazole on eradication of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: ROGHANI HASSAN SALMAN , MASSARRAT SEDEGH , SHIREKHODA MOHAMMAD , BUTORAB ZIA 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: Resistance to metronidazole is one of the most common reasons for Helicobacter pylori treatment failure with classic triple therapy. In contrast, the clarithromycin‐based regimen is not cost‐effective for developing countries. Furazolidone is a very good substitute for metronidazole and clarithromycin, but its many side‐effects limit widespread use. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of two different doses of furazolidone in combination with amoxycillin and omeprazole.Methods: A total of 123 patients with duodenal ulcer were randomized and received the following medications for two weeks. Group A: furazolidone 2 × 200 mg + amoxycillin 2 × 1 g + omeprazole 2 × 20 mg/day. Group B: furazolidone 2 × 50 mg + amoxycillin 2 × 1 g + omeprazole 2 × 20 mg/day. Control endoscopy was performed after 6 weeks and two biopsy specimens from the antrum and two from the corpus were taken for a urease test and histology. Eradication was concluded if all tests were negative for H. pylori.Results: In total, 110 patients completed the study. Four patients in group A did not tolerate the regimen on day 8 of therapy and were excluded from the study. Serious complications such as fever, and fatigue and dizziness, which occurred in the beginning of the second week of treatment (days 8–10), were more common in group A than in group B (19%, 15.9% and 14.3%, respectively, in group A vs 0% in group B). The eradication rate by per protocol analysis was significantly higher in group A than in group B (88.9%vs 67.9%, respectively, P = 0.008). However, this difference was low and not statistically significant by intention‐to‐treat analysis (76.2% in group A and 62.3% in group B, P = 0.09).Conclusion: The regimen with a non‐reduced dose of furazolidone in combination with amoxycillin and omeprazole was effective when the patients tolerated the drugs and completed the study.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Pulse‐wave velocity and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: ADACHI KYOICHI , ARIMA NORIYUKI , TAKASHIMA TOSHIHARU , MIYAOKA YOUICHI , YUKI MIKA , ONO MASAHIRO , KOMAZAWA YOSHINORI , KAWAMURA AKIRA , FUJISHIRO HIROFUMI , ISHIHARA SHUNJI , KINOSHITA YOSHIKAZU 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: Helicobacter pylori infection has been reported to correlate with the onset of cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between H. pylori infection and the development of arteriosclerosis has not been fully investigated. We performed a cross‐sectional study to clarify the possible role of H. pylori infection in the development of arteriosclerosis.Methods: The subjects were 996 cases who attended their annual medical check‐up between April and August 2001. H. pylori infection status was determined by assaying serum anti‐H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies. Total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c and leukocyte levels were determined. Arteriosclerotic parameters (systolic blood pressure (SBP), ankle brachial index (ABI) and pulse‐wave velocity (PWV)) were measured non‐invasively using an automatic device. The data for H. pylori‐seropositive and ‐seronegative individuals were compared.Results: Five hundred and seventy‐three subjects (57.5%) were H. pylori‐seropositive. After adjustment for sex, age, body mass index, and smoking and drinking habits, the HDLC levels of the seropositive and seronegative groups differed markedly (55.0 vs 58.0 mg/dL, P < 0.0001). Although there were no differences between the overall adjusted SBP and ABI values, the PWV was higher in H. pylori‐seropositive than ‐seronegative young (<39 years old) individuals (heart–carotid PWV: 632.2 vs 589.7 cm/s, P = 0.027). These differences tended to disappear with aging.Conclusions: The degree of arterial stiffness in H. pylori‐positive young subjects is higher than that in H. pylori‐negative young subjects. However, no difference between the arterial stiffness values of H. pylori‐seropositive and ‐seronegative elderly individuals was observed.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Simple method of preparation of rat colonocyte apical membranes using polyethylene glycol precipitation
Authors: PRABHU RAMAMOORTHY , BALASUBRAMANIAN KUNISSERRY A 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: Although a number of methods are available for the preparation of brush border membranes (BBM) from the small intestine, very few studies have been performed on the isolation of colonic apical membranes (CAM). Cation precipitation is one of the methods used for the isolation of these membranes, which can result in altered lipid composition as a result of activation of phospholipase. We have earlier established a method for BBM isolation using polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation. In the present study, CAM from isolated colonocytes were prepared using PEG and the isolated membranes were characterized.Methods: The CAM were prepared from isolated rat colonocytes using PEG precipitation and differential centrifugation. Purity was assessed by enrichment of the marker enzymes and contamination by other subcellular particles. Lipid composition and sugar components were analyzed in the isolated membranes.Results: The CAM showed 11–12‐fold enrichment in alkaline phosphatase and 9–10‐fold enrichment in γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase as compared with the cell homogenate. The final membrane preparation also showed good vesicle formation as seen by electron microscopy. There was very little contamination of basolateral membranes, microsomes or lysosomes in the final membrane preparation. Analysis of sugars indicated high content of fucose and sialic acid as compared with hexoses. Lipid analysis indicated the presence of various neutral and phospholipids and a cholesterol/phospholipid ratio of 0.65 was seen.Conclusion: This study has shown a simple method of CAM preparation using PEG precipitation, which is less time‐consuming than other methods and comparatively pure.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Pretransplant hepatitis C virus infection and its effect on the post‐transplant course of living renal allograft recipients
Authors: EINOLLAHI BEHZAD , HAJARIZADEH BEHZAD , BAKHTIARI SIAMAK , LESANPEZESHKI MAHBOUB , KHATAMI MOHAMAD REZA , NOURBALA MOHAMAD HOSSEIN , POURFARZIANI VAHID , ALAVIAN SEYED MOAYED 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is a main health problem in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The effect of pretransplant HCV infection on survival among ESRD patients who have undergone renal transplantation is controversial. We report the results of a large monocenter study that evaluated the effect of hepatitis C on the patient, and on graft survival in renal‐transplanted patients who received living donated allograft.Methods: A historical cohort study, we investigated all 1006 patients who received a living kidney transplant at Baghiatollah Medical Center in Tehran, Iran, between March 1995 and October 2001 (up to 85 months follow up). Patients’ sera had been routinely assayed for anti‐HCV antibodies and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at the time of transplantation. The HBsAg‐positive patients were excluded from the survival analysis. Survivals were examined using Kaplan–Meier analysis and compared using the log–rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox's model.Results: Forty‐five patients (4.5%) were anti‐HCV‐antibody positive. Anti‐HCV‐antibody‐positive patients spent a longer time on dialysis and had a higher rate of retransplantation. There were no differences in recipients’ sex and age and donors’ age between the two groups. The 7‐year patient survival rate was 89.9% in the anti‐HCV‐antibody‐positive group and 95.5% in the HCV‐negative group (P = 0.74). Seven‐year graft survival was 82.0% and 75.0% in the anti‐HCV‐antibody‐positive and HCV‐negative groups, respectively (P = 0.39). In the multivariate analysis, age was the only significant parameter correlated with patient survival (P = 0.02).Conclusions: HCV infection does not seem to influence patient and graft survival within a medium‐time follow up in living allograft recipients, and anti‐HCV‐antibody positive status (alone) is not a contraindication for renal transplantation. However, further studies are needed to better define the role of HCV infection in long‐term prognosis.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Clinical usefulness of edaravone for acute liver injury
Authors: TADA SHINICHIRO , NAKAMOTO NOBUHIRO , KAMEYAMA KAORI , TSUNEMATSU SATOSHI , KUMAGAI NAOKI , SAITO HIDETSUGU , ISHII HIROMASA 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: Edaravone, a newly synthesized radical scavenger, has shown an excellent effect on treating stroke patients. The effect of edaravone on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced acute liver injury was examined.Methods: Six rats were injected with CCl4 alone and six rats were intravenously injected with edaravone immediately after and 3 h after injection of CCl4. Another six rats were injected with olive oil alone. The animals were killed at 24 h after the CCl4 injection.Results: Injection of CCl4 was followed by a marked increase in serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT) level (CCl4, 1630.6 ± 606.8 IU/L; olive oil, 21.0 ± 2.6 IU/L; P < 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level (CCl4, 5068.0 ± 2956.4 IU/L; olive oil, 203.6 ± 30.5 IU/L; P < 0.005), and total bilirubin (TB) level (CCl4, 0.88 ± 0.48 mg/dL; olive oil, 0.37 ± 0.05 mg/dL; P < 0.01), whereas in the edaravone‐treated rats, the ALT (119.4 ± 113.5 IU/L, P < 0.001), LDH (369.7 ± 288.2 IU/L, P < 0.005), and TB values (0.29 ± 0.16 mg/dL, P < 0.01) were significantly decreased. Histological examination of the liver by hematoxylin and eosin and oil red O staining showed a marked reduction of steatosis in the CCl4 and edaravone‐treated rats compared with the CCl4‐injected rats. Significant inhibition of hepatocytic apoptosis was demonstrated by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated UTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) method in the edaravone‐treated rats.Conclusions: These results suggest that edaravone has a marked preventive effect on oxidative stress‐induced acute liver injury.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Ethanol administration generates oxidative stress in the pancreas and liver, but fails to induce heat‐shock proteins in rats
Authors: RAKONCZAY ZOLTÁN , BOROS IMRE , JÁRMAY KATALIN , HEGYI PÉTER , LONOVICS JÁNOS , TAKÁCS TAMÁS 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground: Heat‐shock proteins (HSP) play an essential role in the sequestration and reparation of denatured cellular proteins. Because ethanol treatment can result in oxidative stress‐induced protein damage, it is possible that expression of HSP is altered after ethanol consumption. Dose–response and time‐course studies were performed to investigate whether acute and chronic intragastric ethanol administration can induce tissue damage, oxidative stress and expression of the heat‐shock proteins HSP60 and HSP72 in the pancreas and liver of male Wistar rats.Methods: Laboratory and morphological analysis of pancreatic and liver damage were investigated. The degree of oxidative stress was assessed by measurement of the reduced glutathione content, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. The levels of HSP were examined by western blot analysis.Results: Ethanol administration dose‐ and time‐dependently elevated the serum ethanol concentration and hepatic enzyme activities. Chronic ethanol treatment also resulted in morphological damage of the liver. We observed that acute and chronic ethanol consumption had markedly different effects on the oxidative parameters in the pancreas and liver. Acute ethanol administration caused oxidative stress in the liver, whereas there was no such effect in the pancreas. In contrast, chronic ethanol feeding resulted in oxidative stress in both the pancreas and the liver. Furthermore, neither acute nor chronic ethanol intake induced the synthesis of HSP, a major defense system against cellular damage in the examined organs.Conclusion: Ethanol administration generates oxidative stress in the pancreas and liver, but fails to induce HSP in rats.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Australian women's experiences of living with hepatitis C virus: Results from a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: GIFFORD SANDRA M. , O'BRIEN MARY L. , BAMMER GABRIELE , BANWELL CATHY , STOOVÉ MARK 
Published: June 2003

AbstractBackground:Of the estimated 160 000 Australians currently infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), over one‐third are women and very few have received clinical treatment, with most managing their illness in non‐specialist settings. Little is known about the experiences of women living with HCV in the general community. The present study provides the results from the first comprehensive social survey of Australian women's experiences of living with HCV.Methods:In 2000, a questionnaire was administered to a largely non‐clinical sample of women with HCV (n = 462) living in the state of Victoria and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The questionnaire was self‐administered with a return rate of 75%. The mean age was 35 years and 83% were ‘current’ or ‘past’ injecting drug users. The mean time since diagnosis was 4.6 years (SD = 4.0) and the mean time since infection was 10.5 years (SD = 8.2).Results:Fifty‐eight percent of women reported experiencing symptoms related to their HCV, the most common being tiredness (78%) and nausea (44%). Of the sample, 56% currently saw a doctor for their HCV, and while 52% had ever been referred to a specialist, only 17% of the total sample had ever begun interferon‐based combination or monotherapy. Forty‐eight percent of women reported experiencing less favorable treatment by a health professional because of their HCV. Age‐related self‐assessed health status was significantly lower than Australian norms, as were SF‐12 physical and mental health scores. The SF‐12 physical and mental health scores were highly correlated, indicating a significant physical and mental health burden associated with HCV.Conclusion:The social, physical and mental health needs of women living with HCV are considerable. Most women had not accessed specialist treatment and the response of the primary health care system to HCV‐related women's health issues requires improvement.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd