bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species‐specific foraging behavior and diets of stream salmonids: An implication for negative impacts on native charr by nonnative trout in Japanese mountain streams
Authors: Peterson Miles I. , Kitano Satoshi , Yamamoto Shoichiro , Kando Tomohiro , Tsuda Yoshiaki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSalmonids have been introduced globally as a food source and recreational fishing target. In Japan, brown trout (Salmo trutta) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were introduced in the 19th century and have since spread. In many headwater streams, native white‐spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis) are thought to be experiencing negative impacts from these species. The current study examined foraging behavior, microhabitat use, and diet overlap of these three species in Kamikochi, Nagano Prefecture: one of Japan's premier mountain areas. In Kamikochi, many spring‐fed headwater streams are currently dominated by these invasive salmonids and white‐spotted charr have declined drastically over the last half century. Underwater video analysis revealed that while total foraging rates and foraging modes were similar between the three species, brook trout and white‐spotted charr foraged benthically more frequently than brown trout. Microhabitat water depth and flow velocity were similar between species, and fish size had a positive effect on water depth and flow velocity in all three species. Diet analysis indicated that brook trout and white‐spotted charr diets were nearly identical, comprised primary of aquatic invertebrates, while brown trout preyed on a mix of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates, as well as amphibians and fish. These results indicate that in Kamikochi, the decline of white‐spotted charr is likely most influenced by direct competition with brook trout for prey resources. However, brown trout likely also predate on juvenile white‐spotted charr, while also possibly causing a foraging niche shift of white‐spotted charr, and have ecosystem‐level impacts due to predation on terrestrial prey.
Body mass index and weight gain in pregnancy and cardiovascular health in middle age: A cohort study
Authors: Waagaard Lovisa , Herraiz‐Adillo Ángel , Ahlqvist Viktor H. , Higueras‐Fresnillo Sara , Berglind Daniel , Wennberg Patrik , Daka Bledar , Lenander Cecilia , Sundström Johan , Östgren Carl Johan , Rådholm Karin , Henriksson Pontus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine associations between body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy and gestational weight gain (GWG) with cardiovascular health in middle age using the ‘Life's Essential 8’ (LE8) concept of the American Heart Association (AHA).DesignPopulation‐based cohort study.SettingSwedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).PopulationA total of 8871 women from SCAPIS were included.MethodsInformation on cardiovascular health in middle age was collected from SCAPIS and linked to pregnancy weight data obtained from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, with an average follow‐up time of 24.5 years. An LE8 score between 0 and 100 was determined, where a score under 60 points was defined as poor cardiovascular health. Binary logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used.Main outcome measuresCardiovascular health according to LE8 in middle age.ResultsThe odds of having poor cardiovascular health in middle age were significantly higher in women who had overweight (adjusted odds ratio, aOR 3.30, 95% CI 2.82–3.88) or obesity (aOR 7.63, 95% CI 5.86–9.94), compared with women classified as being of normal weight in pregnancy. Higher odds were also found for excessive GWG (aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.09–1.57), compared with women who gained weight within the recommendations.ConclusionsA high BMI in early pregnancy and excessive GWG were associated with greater odds of poor cardiovascular health in middle age. Although further studies are needed, our results highlight pregnancy as an important period to support long‐term cardiovascular health.
Primary pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinoma: A clinicopathological study of 64 patients
Authors: Tan Xiang , Xu Tao , Shen Wang , Ai Cheng , Zhang Weilin , Tang Xiaojun , Luo Feng , Zhou Qinghua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic indicators of primary pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinoma (PACC).MethodsClinical data were collected from 64 primary PACC patients and analyzed retrospectively at the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, and the Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2003 to August 2023. The 64 patients (28 males and 36 females) were aged from 20 to 73 years, with a median age of 49 years and an average age of 49.3 years.ResultsImmunohistochemical staining showed that the tumors expressed CK7, S‐100 protein, CK5/6, CD117, and p63. Seven patients underwent fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing and three were found to have myeloblastosis (MYB) gene translocation. In total, 53 patients underwent surgery, among whom 31 received only surgery and 22 received both surgery and postoperative chemoradiotherapy. In addition, 10 patients received chemoradiotherapy only, while one patient underwent treatment with traditional Chinese medicine. The overall survival rates in the first, third, and fifth years were 98.4%, 95.3%, and 87.5%, respectively.ConclusionPrognostic analysis revealed that age, tumor size, lymph node metastasis status, margin status, and choice of treatment modality significantly influenced the patients' prognosis.
An experimental laboratory‐based minority stress paradigm for alcohol research among sexual minority women: A pilot study
Authors: Fahey Kalina M. L. , Cservenka Anita , Peltier Mackenzie R. , Mereish Ethan H. , Dermody Sarah S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSexual minority women (SMW) use alcohol at higher rates and experience greater alcohol‐related harms than their heterosexual counterparts. Evidence from observational studies suggests that minority stress (i.e., stress experienced due to marginalization in society) is an important risk factor among SMW, yet there is a lack of experimental evidence to establish a direct causal role of minority stress on alcohol use in this population. We adapted the preexisting personalized guided stress induction paradigm to conduct a pilot study of how minority stress is related to stress response (assessed via subjective measures and salivary cortisol) and mechanisms of alcohol use (craving, demand, and risky decision making) in SMW.MethodsUsing a within‐subjects design (N = 8) cisgender SMW who endorsed high‐risk drinking (≥1 heavy drinking episode in the past 30 days) completed three study visits: a script development session and two in‐person imagery induction appointments (minority stress and neutral). Analyses examined feasibility and acceptability, stress response, and mechanisms of alcohol use.ResultsThe paradigm significantly increased subjective stress response (g = 1.32). Data supported the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the paradigm for use with SMW. While the paradigm did not significantly change scores on minority stress and alcohol outcomes measures, effect sizes for craving and minority stress outcomes were in the small‐to‐medium range (gs = 0.24–0.54).ConclusionsThe adapted minority stress paradigm appears to be feasible and appropriate for use with SMW to induce stress in laboratory settings. Future research can use this paradigm to understand the causal effects of minority stress on alcohol use and related outcomes.
Prevalence and risk factors of chemotherapy‐induced oral mucositis among adult cancer patients at the cancer unit of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital
Authors: Atwiine Fredrick , Kyomya Julius , Atukunda Esther C. , Isiiko John , Yadesa Tadele Mekuriya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy is a common treatment for cancer, but it is associated with adverse drug reactions like oral mucositis. This condition destroys basal cells in the oral mucosal layer, causing inflammation and ulceration. This can impact the patient's physical, emotional, and psychological well‐being, affecting treatment outcomes and quality of life. This study aims to determine the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of chemotherapy‐induced oral mucositis among adult cancer patients.MethodsThe study was a cross‐sectional study conducted among adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at the cancer unit of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in southwestern Uganda. Data was collected through patient interviews, oral examinations, and patient chart reviews.ResultsOut of 268 patients, 115 (42.9%) experienced oral mucositis. Grade 2 oral mucositis was the most common (44.3%) followed by grade 1 (35.7%) and grade 3 (20.0%). Independent risk factors of chemotherapy‐induced oral mucositis were female gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27–3.78; p‐value = 0.005), poor oral hygiene (AOR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.51–9.10; p‐value = 0.04), and receiving chemotherapy containing an alkylating agent (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.63–6.19; p‐value < 0.001).ConclusionThe study found that two out of five chemotherapy patients developed oral mucositis, with nearly half being grade 2. The risk factors identified in our study were comparable to those reported in previous studies. Therefore, identification and assessment of cancer patients at high risk for chemotherapy‐induced oral mucositis should be routinely done for proper and timely management.
Alien merchant chambers and enterprise innovation: Evidence from China
Authors: Zhou Ran , Zhao Yali 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBased on social capital theory, this paper aims to investigate the impact of member enterprises of alien merchant chambers on enterprise innovation, within A‐share listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges of China from 2010 to 2020. Additionally, the study seeks to explore the role played by social capital resulting from participation in these alien merchant chambers. Furthermore, we delve into the moderating effects of the number of alien merchant chambers and the degree of marketization in the enterprise's location. Moreover, we analyze the influence of heterogeneity in firm ownership and firm type. Our findings reveal that member enterprises of alien merchant chambers can increase their social capital and consequently promoting innovation; both the quantity of alien merchant chambers and the level of marketization in an enterprise's location positively influence this enhancement. Furthermore, the impact of state‐owned enterprises and non‐high‐tech enterprises on enterprise innovation, following their engagement with alien merchant chambers, surpasses that of non‐state‐owned enterprises and high‐tech enterprises. This research bridges the gap in understanding the corporate governance implications of alien merchant chambers, provides empirical evidence concerning Chinese alien merchant chambers, and addresses inquiries regarding the influence of merchant chambers' social capital. Additionally, it proposes a novel approach for listed companies to overcome resource constraints and to collaboratively pursue development, especially in light of the challenges posed by the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Detection of sessile serrated adenoma using artificial intelligence‐enhanced endoscopy: an Asian perspective
Authors: Soo Joycelyn Mun‐Peng , Koh Frederick Hong‐Xiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs the serrated pathway has gained prominence as an alternative colorectal carcinogenesis pathway, sessile serrated adenomas or polyps (SSA/P) have been highlighted as lesions to rule out during colonoscopy. These lesions are however morphologically difficult to detect on endoscopy and can be mistaken for hyperplastic polyps due to similar endoscopic features. With the underlying nature of rapid progression and malignant transformation, interval cancer is a likely consequence of undetected or overlooked SSA/P. Real‐time artificial intelligence (AI)‐assisted colonoscopy via the computer‐assisted detection system (CADe) is an increasingly useful tool in improving adenoma detection rate by providing a second eye during the procedure. In this article, we describe a guide through a video to illustrate the detection of SSA/P during AI‐assisted colonoscopy.MethodsConsultant‐grade endoscopists utilized real‐time AI‐assisted colonoscopy device, as part of a larger prospective study, to detect suspicious lesions which were later histopathologically confirmed to be SSA/P.ResultsAll lesions were picked up by the CADe where a real‐time green box highlighted suspicious polyps to the clinician. Three SSA/P of varying morphology are described with reference to classical SSA/P features and with comparison to the features of the hyperplastic polyp found in our study. All three SSA/P observed are in keeping with the JNET Classification (Type 1).ConclusionIn conclusion, CADe is a most useful aid to clinicians during endoscopy in the detection of SSA/P but must be complemented with factors such as good endoscopy skill and bowel prep for effective detection, and biopsy coupled with subsequent accurate histological diagnosis.
Mind the gap‐missing device on the shelf? Retrospective experience with 5/7 Occlutech duct Occluder
Authors: Steiner Kristoffer , Sjöberg Gunnar , Karsenty Clément , Bianco Lisa , Bautista‐Rodriguez Carles , Fraisse Alain 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo describe our initial experience with the indications and results of the 5/7 Occlutech® duct Occluder (ODO, Occlutech International AB, Helsingborg, Sweden). A small incremental increase in occluder sizes is of utmost importance for successful outcomes, especially in smaller patients in whom protrusion of the distal disk towards the aorta should be minimised.MethodsRetrospective study of all patients undergoing PDA closure with the 5/7 ODO in three institutions since 2018.ResultsThe 5/7 ODO was used in 18 patients with median age and weight at the time of the procedure of 17.5 months (interquartile range 25th to 75th percentile 8 months– 4.4 years) and 13.6 kg (interquartile range 25th to 75th percentile 6.4–22.5 kg) respectively. All cases were successful. There were no cases of device embolisation, haemolysis, or flow disturbance of the LPA or the aorta.ConclusionsThis small retrospective study demonstrated an excellent outcome of transcatheter PDA closure with the 5/7 ODO. The device is a beneficial complement to the existing sizes of PDA devices, filling the gap between the 4/6 and 6/8 ODO and avoiding protrusion of a larger disk in the aortic isthmus.
Population pharmacokinetics of rotigotine extended‐release microspheres for intramuscular injection in patients with early‐stage Parkinson's disease
Authors: Sun Hong , Dong Chong , Wu Mengyi , Li Xiao , Song Hongtao , Zhang Yan , Liu Chunli , Liu Pinglan , Liu Wanhui , Chan Piu 
Published: December 2023

AimsRotigotine extended‐release microspheres is a weekly intramuscular injection formulation to treat Parkinson's disease. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetics (PK) model for rotigotine extended‐release microspheres to investigate its PK ethnic differences.MethodsData for the study were obtained from three studies in China, Japan and the US. The population PK model was developed using the Phoenix NLME 8.3.5 software. Two parallel absorption models were created to include both zero‐ and first‐order absorptions. The elimination phase was evaluated for one‐ and two‐compartment linear models. Moreover, covariates including sex, body weight, body mass index, albumin, creatinine clearance and race were input into the model using a stepwise covariate method.ResultsWe constructed a one‐compartment linear model with the first parallel absorption model identified as the best‐fitting model. Simulation results in patients with lighter body weight (45 kg) exhibited a 27% increase in Cmax,ss and a 31% increase in AUCtau,ss compared to those with median body weight (65 kg). Patients with heavier body weight (103 kg) showed a 27% decrease in Cmax,ss and a 29% decrease in AUCtau,ss compared to the median body weight group. Asian patients displayed only a 21% increase in Cmax,ss and a 6% increase in AUCtau,ss compared to non‐Asian. While we could not fully conclude that race does not affect rotigotine exposure, dosage adjustments based on race were not deemed necessary.ConclusionsExposure differences were mainly attributed to body weight, while dose adjustments were not needed for patients of different racial identities.
How to improve treatment‐free remission eligibility in chronic myeloid leukaemia?
Authors: Costa Alessandro , Breccia Massimo 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe achievement of treatment‐free remission (TFR) has become a significant clinical end‐point in the management of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), providing an opportunity to discontinue therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) while maintaining deep molecular response (DMR). Early studies, such as the French STIM trial, have demonstrated that a portion of patients can maintain DMR after treatment cessation, with rates ranging from 40% to 50%, and most relapses occurring within the first 6 months. Key prognostic factors for successful TFR, including treatment duration, duration of DMR, risk scores, and transcript type, have been identified. Optimal patient selection for TFR remains a challenge, but recent research provides insights into potential strategies to increase TFR eligibility. Evidence suggests that early intervention switching to achieve optimal response, treatment combinations, proactive switch in the case of absence of DMR, dose‐optimization and induction‐maintenance approach can improve molecular responses and, consequently, enhance TFR eligibility. In this review, we report and discuss all the potential therapeutic strategies that may enhance eligibility for a first attempt at TFR, with a particular emphasis on potential future approaches.
Biased agonists of GPR84 and insights into biological control
Authors: Luscombe Vincent B. , Wang Pinqi , Russell Angela J. , Greaves David R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGPR84 was first identified as an open reading frame encoding an orphan Class A G protein coupled receptor in 2001. Gpr84 mRNA is expressed in a limited number of cell types with the highest levels of expression being in innate immune cells, M1 polarised macrophages and neutrophils. The first reported ligands for this receptor were medium chain fatty acids with chain lengths between 9 and 12 carbons. Subsequently, a series of synthetic agonists that signal via the GPR84 receptor were identified. Radioligand binding assays and molecular modelling with site‐directed mutagenesis suggest the presence of three ligand binding sites on the receptor, but the physiological agonist(s) of the receptor remain unidentified. Here, we review the effects of GPR84 agonists on innate immune cells following a series of chemical discoveries since 2001. The development of highly biased agonists has helped to probe receptor function in vitro, and the remaining challenge is to follow the effects of biased signalling to the physiological functions of innate immune cell types.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue GPR84 Pharmacology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.10/issuetoc
A bi‐allelic REC114 loss‐of‐function variant causes meiotic arrest and nonobstructive azoospermia
Authors: Xu Shuai , Zhao Jingpeng , Gao Feng , Zhang Yuxiang , Luo Jiaqiang , Zhang Chenwang , Tian Ruhui , Zhi Erlei , Zhang Jianxiong , Bai Furong , Sun Hongfang , Zhao Fujun , Huang Yuhua , Li Peng , Jiang Liren , Li Zheng , Yao Chencheng , Zhou Zhi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNonobstructive azoospermia (NOA), the most severe manifestation of male infertility, lacks a comprehensive understanding of its genetic etiology. Here, a bi‐allelic loss‐of‐function variant in REC114 (c.568C > T: p.Gln190*) were identified through whole exome sequencing (WES) in a Chinese NOA patient. Testicular histopathological analysis and meiotic chromosomal spread analysis were conducted to assess the stage of spermatogenesis arrested. Co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) and Western blot (WB) were used to investigate the influence of variant in vitro. In addition, our results revealed that the variant resulted in truncated REC114 protein and impaired interaction with MEI4, which was essential for meiotic DNA double‐strand break (DSB) formation. As far as we know, this study presents the first report that identifies REC114 as the causative gene for male infertility. Furthermore, our study demonstrated indispensability of the REC114‐MEI4 complex in maintaining DSB homoeostasis, and highlighted that the disruption of the complex due to the REC114 variant may underline the mechanism of NOA.
Application of virtual reality and haptics system Simodont in Chinese dental education: A scoping review
Authors: Huang Yudong , Huang Shuheng , Liu Yangjingwen , Lin Zhengmei , Hong Yun , Li Xiaolan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionVirtual reality (VR) and haptic simulation technology have been increasingly implemented in dental training. Since the first haptic VR dental simulator (Simodont) was introduced 10 years ago, it has been applied in more than 40 universities in mainland China. This scoping review aimed to review literature, showcasing the teaching reform of dental virtual simulation in mainland China to global dental education peers.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA extension for scoping review guidelines. Seven electronic databases were searched, and two reviewers independently performed the selection and characterization of the studies.ResultsThe final scoping review included 12 studies. Four studies focused on the G. V. Black class II cavity, three on manual dexterity skills training, two on full metal crown preparation, one on pulpal access and coronal cavity preparation, one on flipped classroom teaching, and one on ‘doctor–patient communication’ skills.DiscussionThe most critical scenarios, self‐assessment, working posture, curriculum setting, training and cost are analysed and discussed.ConclusionHaptic simulation technology is a valuable complementary tool to the phantom head in dental education. The combined utilization of these two training devices has been superior to either in isolation. However, there is a lack of research on the sequencing of the two systems, as well as the appropriate distribution of curriculum between them. It is necessary for educators to organize or engage in experience sharing, collaboration and knowledge dissemination. These actions are essential for promoting effective teaching within dental educational institutions.