bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strongly different adhesion reduction for 1D or 2D random fractal roughness
Authors: ciavarella michele 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Afferrante Violano & Dini ("How does roughness kill adhesion?" J Mech Phys Solids 2023 105465) have recently studied by a finite element-based model how roughness kills adhesion in 1D self-affine fractal profiles. Their results confirm that for low fractal dimension (D<1.5), adhesion is influenced by long wavelength roughness only, but with high fractal dimensions, adhesion is found to be more sensitive to the magnification (the broadness of the power spectrum). The seem to conclude that this is in agreement with Persson-Tosatti's criterion, and not with Ciavarella's BAM criterion. However, by comparing their results with the Persson-Tosatti criterion (which we show is identical in 1D or 2D for a typical power law PSD if written in terms of rms roughness and magnification), we find that adhesion persists in their 1D case for rms roughness one or more orders of magnitude higher than expected for 2D isotropic roughness, showing both criteria are not really appropriate to 1D roughness. This suggests the mechanism of load amplification along contact lines and the associated elastic instabilities, excited by the pure 1D roughness, is at play. Finally, we show that unfortunately their dependences on magnification is not really conclusive to the debate of the Persson-Tosatti vs the Ciavarella's BAM criteria, because both can show a sensible dependence on magnification in appropriate range, for all fractal dimensions.
Providing education from adolescence to promote exclusive breastfeeding: a retrospective study
Authors: Mertasari Luh , Ani Luh Seri , Sumiati Luh Nyoman , Ds Ni Kadek Ayu dwi Utami 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Although providing education regarding exclusive breastfeeding can increase the exclusive breastfeeding coverage in infants aged 0-6 months, studies investigating this association are limited. This study aimed to prove that providing education from adolescence could increase exclusive breastfeeding in infants aged 0-6 months. This retrospective study included mothers of toddlers aged 6-24 months. In total, 144 mothers from five regions were selected in two stages. First, primary healthcare centers were selected using purposive sampling, and then mothers of toddlers were selected using a simple random sampling method. Data was collected via interviews. Exclusive breastfeeding data were based on the history of breastfeeding of the mothers when the babies were 0-6 months old. A logistic progression test was performed to determine the role of providing education from adolescence and other variables in increasing the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. The proportion of exclusive breastfeeding was 47.2%. Mothers who received education as adolescents and who underwent cesarean section showed a low tendency for exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.004 and p=0.036, respectively). Meanwhile, mothers receiving breastfeeding education during pregnancy were 5.2 times more likely to exclusively breastfeed than those not receiving it (p=0.001). Mothers who received family support were 6.6 times more likely to exclusively breastfeed than those who did not receive it (p=0.002). The provision of education from adolescence has not been proven to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in 0-6-month-old infants. However, this study suggests providing education from adolescence and support from the family and social environment to perform exclusive breastfeeding successfully.
Methodical Development of data driven quantitative Design Rules in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Stachg David , Telgkamp Jens 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) and its industrial application are growing steadily.However, despite many research efforts, there are challenges in the practical implementation.In addition to methodological challenges within the design process, the detailed design of AM components, which is suited for manufacturing as well as economically beneficial, poses difficulties.As an improvement of the situation, a methodical framework is presented, through which design rules for a practice-oriented design of AM geometries can be developed.The design rules developed based on this framework are of qualitative as well as quantitative nature.The qualitative perspective is concerned with the question of whether the geometries can be manufactured depending on their features.The quantitative perspective is concerned with the quality of the manufactured geometries depending on their features.Within this framework, the potential influence of process parameters on part quality is addressed.The method is based on applied statistics on the one hand and uses methods of explorative data analysis on the other hand.A case study is conducted to demonstrate the framework.This study consists of the development of a quantitative design rule for a geometry element (hollow cylinder) with reference to a material extrusion process.The results of the case study are statistical models for various quality characteristics (diameter deviations and cylindricity).The terms of the models are obtained by regression and are then statistically tested for significance.The models set up also allow an assessment of the achievable tolerance grades for geometric features investigated and their respective quality characteristics.
Impact of Ataxia Type on Self-Reported Mental Health, Fatigue, Cognition and Ataxia Symptom Severity
Authors: Jenkins Emma , Dunger Warren 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
It has been increasingly recognised that the impact of Ataxia extends beyond physical and motor symptomology. However, it is less known whether self-reported psychological symptoms and ataxia symptom severity differs across ataxia types of differing aetiology, which would have important implications for providing more targeted treatment.
AIM
This study aimed to investigate the impact of ataxia type (hereditary, acquired, idiopathic) on self-reported depression, anxiety, fatigue, cognitive deficits, and ataxia symptom severity. Comparisons were also made between the ataxia sample as a whole and a neurologically healthy control group.
METHOD
Responses were collected using a cross-sectional online survey to recruit a national UK sample of people with ataxia.
RESULTS
The study recruited 110 participants with ataxia (hereditary = 51, acquired = 16, idiopathic = 43) and 32 healthy controls. No significant differences were found across study variables for ataxia type. However, participants with ataxia did report significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, fatigue, cognitive deficits, and ataxia symptom severity compared to healthy controls.
CONCLUSION
This study found that participants with ataxia self-reported increased psychological symptoms compared to healthy controls, which was a generally homogenous experience across different types of ataxia regardless of aetiology. There was also considerable overlap of these symptoms which requires further exploration. This further highlights the need for early assessment and interventions to address these symptoms in ataxia populations.
Adverse Childhood Events, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, and Substance Dependence: Gene x Environment Effects and Moderated Mediation
Authors: Kranzler Henry , Davis Christal , Feinn Richard , Jinwala Zeal , Khan Yousef , Oikonomou Ariadni , Silva-Lopez Damaris , Burton Isabel , Dixon Morgan , Milone Jackson , Ramirez Sarah , Shifman Naomi , Levey Daniel , Gelernter Joel , Hartwell Emily , Kember Rachel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Adverse childhood events (ACEs) contribute to the development of mood and anxiety disorders and substance dependence. However, the extent to which these effects are direct or indirect and whether genetic risk moderates them is unclear.
Methods
We examined associations among ACEs, mood/anxiety disorders, and substance dependence in 12,668 individuals (44.9% female, 42.5% African American/Black, 42.1% European American/White). We generated latent variables for each phenotype and modeled direct and indirect effects of ACEs on substance dependence, mediated by mood/anxiety disorders (forward or “self-medication” model) and of ACEs on mood/anxiety disorders, mediated by substance dependence (reverse or “substance-induced” model). In a sub-sample, we also generated polygenic scores for substance dependence and mood/anxiety disorder factors, which we tested as moderators in the mediation models.
Results
Although there were significant indirect effects in both directions, mediation by mood/anxiety disorders (forward model) was greater than by substance dependence (reverse model). Greater genetic risk for substance dependence was associated with a weaker direct effect of ACEs on substance dependence in both the African- and European-ancestry groups (i.e., gene-environment interaction) and a weaker indirect effect in European-ancestry individuals (i.e., moderated mediation).
Conclusion
We found greater evidence that substance dependence results from self-medication of mood/anxiety disorders than that mood/anxiety disorders are substance induced. Among individuals at higher genetic risk for substance dependence who are more likely to develop a dependence diagnosis, ACEs exert less of an effect in promoting that outcome. Following exposure to ACEs, multiple pathways lead to mood/anxiety disorders and substance dependence. Specification of these pathways could inform individually targeted prevention and treatment approaches.
Distribution structure of the great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus Licht, 1823) in the western part of the Betpakdala desert of Kazakhstan: biotransformation of arid lands
Authors: Abdel Ziyat Zh. , Meka-Mechenko Tatyana V. , Zhumadilova Zauresh B. , Shakiev Nurbol N. , Yessimseit Duman T. , Abdeliyev Beck Z. , Mussagaliyeva Raikhan S. , Abdirassilova Aigul A. , ISSAEVA Svetlana B. , Sadovskaya Veronika P. , Sayakova Zaure Z. , Kulemin Maxim V. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is well known that the earth's climate changes that occur as a result of global climate change are making changes in the biosphere of our planet as a whole. As a result, many animal species change their geographical ranges, seasonal activity, migration patterns, abundance and interaction with other species, including microorganisms, the facts of which are observed in the deserts of Kazakhstan. The main carrier of the causative agent of the plague in the desert natural focus of the Betpakdala plague of Kazakhstan is great gerbil (Rhombonus opimus), where the plague epizootic was first discovered in 1959, the area of which was then 30.0 thousand. km2 until 1990. Due to the rapid industrial development of the Betpakdala desert, the impact of global climate change on earth and other factors over the past 30 years, the area of this natural plague outbreak has increased by 50.12% (60.14 thousand km2) in the northern direction, due to the biological transformation of the area of the main carrier, which led to the expansion of plague epizootics among rodents. At the same time, the plague microbe was also involved in the transformation process, increasing its natural area of the pistil (the area of distribution of the microbe), which increased the risk of infection of people with plague infection. The paper presents our results of epizootological monitoring for the period 2009–2022 (50.0 thousand km2) and laboratory studies of 522376 samples of field material for plague. The structure of the focus was shown and the reason for the expansion of the settlement area of the rodent population was revealed, the number of sectors with different levels of epidemic danger and epizootic activity were determined, and the main phenotypic and genotypic properties of Yersinia pestis strains circulating in this natural plague focus were also given.
Development and Reliability of the Parents Body Posture Literacy Questionnaire (PBPLQ)
Authors: Labecka Marta Kinga , Jankowicz-Szymanska Agnieszka , Olszewska Elzbieta , Plandowska Magalena , Tabor Piotr , Rajabi Reza 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The questionnaire development process consisted of the following steps: content and face validation, and reliability analysis. The questionnaire contains items assessing parents' literacy of body posture and was conducted on 55 Polish parents of school-age children and adolescents. Initial results (first test-retest) of 37 participants revealed substantial reliability (0.61 to 1.00) however, it was revealed that modifications were needed for some specific questions. After revisions and retesting (second test-retest of 18 participants), the updated questionnaire demonstrated significantly improved reliability (Cohen's kappa coefficient ranged from 0.85 to 1.00). The developed questionnaire is valid -in terms of face validity, content validity, and reliability for assessing parents' literacy of body posture, and can potentially be used in clinical trials and practical settings.
The healthcare professionals’ role in road safety in primary care settings in Canada: A qualitative study
Authors: Savoie Camille , Voyer Philippe , Bouchard Suzanne , Lavallière Martin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: During the aging process, many seniors will see their ability to drive affected, particularly due to the high prevalence of health problems. To this end, healthcare professionals working in primary care are in frequent contact with older drivers at risk and for whom interventions have to be undertaken. However, little is known about their role, despite the major implications with legal authorities in assessing fitness to drive and in reporting unsafe drivers, especially in a Quebec setting. The purpose of this study was to describe the role of primary healthcare professionals in road safety.
Methods: Within a descriptive qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 27 primary healthcare professionals (registered nurses (n=16), occupational therapists (n=7), and family physicians (n=4)). Using an inductive approach, qualitative data was analyzed with the content analysis method.
Results: The road safety role of the primary healthcare professionals interviewed varied between professions, depending on their respective expertise. Furthermore, they work in close collaboration and interdisciplinarity. Their role is divided into two main components, namely screening and assessment of older drivers’ driving abilities, as well as of the support and accompaniment offered to seniors following the loss of their driving license. Their role also differs in terms of legally declaring older drivers fit or not to drive. Some professionals integrate preventive interventions into their practice, aimed either to keep seniors driving as long as possible, or to prepare seniors to stop driving. Several healthcare professionals reported experiencing challenges, especially during the process of assessing their elderly patients’ fitness to drive.
Conclusions: This study’s results will help organizations to develop training programs allowing primary healthcare professionals to improve their practice with elderly drivers and their loved ones.
Magnetohydrodynamic Description of Basaltic Lava in Active Tubes for Velocity Measurement
Authors: Waian Jonathon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Basaltic lava can flow at very high velocities in active lava tubes and channels achieving rates on the order of 10 m/s. Lava tubes can transport lava up to 100 km and remain active for multiple years; which can pose as a serious geologic hazard to the infrastructure and the communities surrounding effusive volcanoes. Despite this, current methods used to monitor lava tubes and channels rely on the measurement of surface elements on top of the flow, which in the case of lava tubes requires observational points through skylights that limit the scope of measurement. In this paper we describe active basaltic lava tubes and channels as an magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid to investigate the MHD induced field as a new geophysical method for measuring lava flow velocity. Basaltic lava is a low magnetic Reynolds number (Rm) MHD flow that induces a weak but appreciable magnetic field that ranges on the order of pT to µT based on the electrical conductivity, viscosity, velocity, characteristic length scale of the flow, and the strength and direction of Earth’s field relative to the flow. ANSYS Fluent is used to solve the MHD equations for a 10 m circular pipe at varying flow velocities. The results show that surface measurements of the induced field in the flow direction using a vector magnetometer are expressed as a polarity change across the center of the flow and the field intensity correlates to the velocity of the fluid. This provides constraints on both the velocity field of the flow as well as the geometry of the tube or channel.
Deciphering the complex clonal heterogeneity of polycythemia vera and the response to interferon alpha
Authors: Kalmer Milena , Grasshoff Martin , Maié Tiago , Pannen Kristina , Toledo Marcelo A. S. , Vieri Margherita , Olschok Kathrin , Lemanzyk Rebecca , Lazarevic Jelena , Baumeister Julian , Maurer Angela , Schifflers Joelle , Kricheldorf Kim , Schemionek Mirle , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Weiskirchen Ralf , Zenke Martin , Chatain Nicolas , Costa Ivan G. , Koschmieder Steffen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Interferon alpha (IFNa) is approved for the therapy of patients (pts) with polycythemia vera (PV), a subtype of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), achieving high hematologic response (HR) rates. A fraction of pts also achieve molecular responses (MR), but clonal factors sensitizing for MR remain elusive.
Methods: We integrated colony formation and differentiation assays with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and cell genotyping in PV patient-derived cells vs. healthy controls (HC) to dissect how IFNa targets diseased clones during erythroid differentiation.
Results: IFNa significantly decreased colony growth in MPN and HC. Differences in MR were observed, with a higher degree of MR in pts with high variant allele frequency (VAF). While lower STAT1 but higher IFIT2inducibility of PV vs. HC was observed, responses in individual colonies were much more variable. scRNAseq of colonies demonstrated more mature erythroid PV-derived colonies compared with HC and showed differential activation of JAK-STAT and hypoxia signaling. JAK2V617F-mutant cells showed significantly upregulated STAT5A-, heme- and G2M checkpoint-associated pathways relative to JAK2WT cells from the same pts. IFNa induced viral response genes in mutated cells from PV pts and antagonized the upregulation of metabolism genes. Subgroup analysis revealed that IFNa significantly decreased immature erythrocytic cells in PV (basophilic erythroblasts p<0.05; polychromatic erythroblasts p<0.05) but not in HC. CD71neg‑CD235a+ cells from HC (p<0.05) but not from PV pts were inhibited by IFNa, and the number of reticulocytes was less affected in PV than in HC. Robust IFNa responses persisted throughout differentiation, with PV showing more pronounced effects than HC. Apoptosis was significantly upregulated by IFNa in PV but not HC, and the most apoptotic cells were characterized by downregulation of ribosomal genes. This link between apoptosis and ribosomal genes was corroborated through analysis of mitochondrial variants, demonstrating IFNa-induced eradication of specific clones, which harbored significantly elevated expression of ribosomal genes.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that PV-derived clones either undergo apoptosis or pass through their typical differentiation cycle, contributing to the long-term exhaustion of mutant cells. The pivotal roles of ribosomal genes and clonal prerequisites in the therapeutic mechanism of IFNa are underscored by our study.
Approximate solutions of nonlinear equations involving some classes of operators in CAT(0) space
Authors: NWANKWOR EKENE C. , EZUGORIE OBIAGERI M. , OKOYEH STANLEY C. , ARAKA NNAMDI N. , UGWUNNADI GODWIN C. , Ofoedu Eric U. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is the purpose of this paper to establish $\triangle$-demiclosedness principle for uniformly continuous generalized asymptotically $\eta$-strictly pseudocontractive operators in $CAT(0)$ spaces. In addition, a modified Halpern-type iterative algorithm is constructed and its strong convergence to a common element of fixed points set of uniformly continuous asymptotically $\eta$-strictly pseudo-contractive operator and set of common solutions of finite collection of monotone inclusion problems is proved in complete $CAT(0)$ space. As application of the results obtained, approximate common solution of finite collection of convex minimization and fixed point problems for uniformly continuous asymptotically $\eta$-strictly pseudo-contractive operator is obtained. The theorems proved extend, generalize, improve and unify several existing results in this direction of research.
Seasonal activity patterns of bats along urban watercourses
Authors: Kohyt Joanna , Karczmarz Justyna , Pereswiet-Soltan Andrea , Pierzchała Ewa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Different bat species adapt to urban environments with varying efficiency. Urban watercourses may promote bats’ presence in the city but also, because of improper management, may become an impassable barrier. This work evaluated the bats’ presence in different urban riverside environments during the vegetation season. Bats’ activity was recorded in Cracow on the main river Vistula and its tributary Rudawa. Our results showed that long-range echolocators were represented mainly by Nyctalus noctula. Their activity peak occurred in late summer in open habitats with high anthropopressure levels, and at least part of the population is present year-round in the city. Recently reported from Cracow: Hypsugo savii and Pipistrellus kuhlii were confirmed in the medium-range echolocators. The high occurrence of P. pygmeus with a relatively low P. pipistrellus was noteworthy and is probably a result of the low competitiveness of the latter in the presence of P. kuhlii. Two spring and late summer activity peaks on different rivers suggest different migration corridors to and from hibernacula. However, the autumn activity in the city centre may also indicate partial hibernation in the old town. The activity peak of short-range echolocators occurred in spring, as expected - mainly in a narrow riverbed and low anthropopressure environments. Although, ambiguous spring and late summer activity in the open with the highest anthropopressure environment may result from the rapidly progressing synurbization of M. daubentonii. Our results indicate the need to monitor the bat adaptation process to the cities in the context of dynamic climatic and environmental changes.
Metode Bermain Yang Efektif Untuk Meningkatkan Ketertarikan Anak Dalam Belajar Matematika Di Kelas B TK Negeri Ngaliyan
Authors: Santika Viosa Vironika 
Published: October 2023

Matematika sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia sehari-hari, akan tetapi ada beberapa siswa yang menganggap matematika adalah hal yang menyeramkan. Agar seseorang senang dengan matematika sebaiknya guru maupun orang tua membiasakannya sejak dini dengan memperkenalkan matematika dengan suasana yang santai, nyaman, dan interaktif dengan melalui permainan, pengalaman, memberi penghargaan jika anak mampu menyelesaikannya dan memberi dukungan pada anak jika belum mampu menyelesaikannya. Seperti pada kegiatan belajar di kelas B TK Negeri Ngaliyan yang sudah menerapkan pendekatan student center dengan tema pakaian, guru memberi dua pilihan kegiatan belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu meningkatkan konsep matematika pada anak dengan kegiatan bermain sambil belajar serta mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran di kelas B TK Negeri Ngaliyan dengan menerapkan kemampuan dan minat anak. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang digunakan untuk mengetahui atau menggambarkan peristiwa nyata yang diteliti, sehingga memudahkan memperoleh informasi yang objektif.