bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Degradation of AZGP1 suppresses apoptosis and facilitates cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis via TRIM25
Authors: Yun Hyeseon , Jeong Hong‐Rae , Kim Do Yeon , You Ji‐Eun , Lee Ji‐U , Kang Dong‐Hee , Koh Dong‐In , Ryu Yea Seong , Bae SeungGeon , Jin Dong‐Hoon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlpha‐2‐Glycoprotein 1, Zinc‐binding (AZGP1, ZAG) is a secreted protein that is synthesized by adipocytes and epithelial cells; it is downregulated in several malignancies such as breast, prostate, liver and lung cancers. However, its function remains unclear in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Here, we evaluated the impact AZGP1 in CCA using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and GEPIA. In addition, we analysed AZGP1 expression using quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. Expression of AZGP1 was nearly deficient in CCA patients and cell lines and was associated with poor prognosis. AZGP1 overexpression upregulated apoptosis markers. Co‐immunoprecipitation experiments showed that AZGP1 interacts with tripartite motif‐containing protein 25 (TRIM25), and tissue microarray and bioinformatic analysis showed that AZGP1 is negatively correlated with TRIM25 expression in CCA. Thereafter, TRIM25 knockdown led to AZGP1 upregulation and induced cancer cell apoptosis. TRIM25 targets AZGP1 for degradation by catalysing its ubiquitination. AZGP1 overexpression significantly suppressed tumour growth in a xenograft mouse model. This study findings suggest that AZGP1 is a potential therapeutic target or a diagnostic biomarker for treating patients with CCA.
The relationship between the severity of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) in adults with IDDs and eating and drinking problems and nutritional status
Authors: Öztürk M. E. , Yabanci Ayhan N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) experience eating, drinking and swallowing problems, such as chewing problems, choking, gagging, coughing during eating, aspiration and rumination syndrome, which may lead to poor nutritional status. This study aimed to determine the relationship between IDD levels, eating, drinking and swallowing problems and nutritional status in adults with IDDs.MethodsThe sample consisted of 71 participants (37 men and 34 women) with a mean age of 22.5 ± 7 years (range 18–60 years). Professionals classified intellectual disability as mild, moderate or severe. The Screening Tool of Feeding Problems scale was applied to the caregivers of adults with IDDs to identify eating, drinking and swallowing problems. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24‐h dietary recall and a food and nutrition photograph catalogue. The researchers measured body weight, height and middle upper arm circumference. Body mass index was calculated. Four body mass index categories were determined: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (≥30 kg/m2). Chi‐squared tests were used to detect the relationship between IDD levels and eating and drinking problems, and analysis of variance tests were conducted to detect the relationship between IDD levels with anthropometric measurements and dietary intake.ResultsParticipants had mild (42.3%; n = 30), moderate (29.6%; n = 21) or severe IDD (28.2%; n = 20). They were underweight (12.7%; n = 9), normal weight (59.2%; n = 42) or overweight and/or obese (28.2%; n = 20). Participants with severe IDD had significantly higher Screening Tool of Feeding Problems ‘nutrition‐related behaviour’ and ‘eating and drinking skill deficit problem’ sub‐scale scores than those with mild IDD. However, the groups had no significant difference in ‘food refusal and selectivity’ sub‐scale scores. Participants with severe IDD also had anorexia prevalence similar to those with mild IDD. The groups did not significantly differ in anthropometric measurements, daily energy intake and macronutrient and micronutrient intake.ConclusionsWhile adults with severe IDD had more eating and drinking skill deficits (e.g. chewing problems and independent eating difficulties) and nutrition‐related behaviour problems than those with mild IDD, the eating, drinking and swallowing problems, which may critically affect their food intake, were similar to adults with mild IDD. The anthropometric measurements and energy and nutrient intakes of adults with severe IDD were not significantly different from those with mild IDD consistently. Findings indicate that nutritional deficiencies and nutritional behaviour problems may be avoidable in adults with IDDs.
Giving Birth With a Midwife in Attendance: Associations of Race and Insurance Status With Continuity of Midwifery Care in Philadelphia
Authors: Millatt Amanda , Trout Kimberly K. , Ledyard Rachel , Brunk Susan E. , Ruggieri Dominique G. , Bates Lesley , Mullin Anne M. , Burris Heather H. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionFrom 2013 to 2019, Black women comprised 73% of pregnancy‐related deaths in Philadelphia. There is currently a dearth of research on the continuity of midwifery care from initiation of prenatal care through birth in relation to characteristics such as race/ethnicity and income. The aim of this study was to investigate whether race/ethnicity and insurance status were associated with the likelihood of a pregnant person who begins prenatal care with a midwife to remain in midwifery care for birth attendance.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of a diverse population of pregnant patients who gave birth in a large tertiary care hospital and had their first prenatal visit with a certified nurse‐midwife (CNM) between June 2, 2009, and June 30, 2020 (n = 5121). We used multivariable, log‐binomial regression models to calculate risk ratios of transferring to physician care (vs remaining within CNM care), adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, prepregnancy body mass index, insurance type, and comorbidities.ResultsAfter adjusting for pregnancy‐related risk factors, non‐Hispanic Black patients (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.24) and publicly insured patients (aRR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.22) were at higher risk of being transferred to physician care compared with non‐Hispanic White and privately insured patients. Secondary analysis revealed that non‐Hispanic Black patients had higher risk of transferring and having an operative birth (aRR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18‐1.55), whereas publicly insured patients were at higher risk of being transferred for reasons other than operative births (aRR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18‐1.54).DiscussionThese findings indicate that Black and publicly insured patients were more likely than White and privately insured patients to transfer to physician care even after adjustment for comorbid conditions. Thus, further research is needed to identify the factors that contribute to racial and economic disparity in continuity of midwifery care.
Brain energy metabolism: A roadmap for future research
Authors: Rae Caroline D. , Baur Joseph A. , Borges Karin , Dienel Gerald , Díaz‐García Carlos Manlio , Douglass Starlette R. , Drew Kelly , Duarte João M. N. , Duran Jordi , Kann Oliver , Kristian Tibor , Lee‐Liu Dasfne , Lindquist Britta E. , McNay Ewan C. , Robinson Michael B. , Rothman Douglas L. , Rowlands Benjamin D. , Ryan Timothy A. , Scafidi Joseph , Scafidi Susanna , Shuttleworth C. William , Swanson Raymond A. , Uruk Gökhan , Vardjan Nina , Zorec Robert , McKenna Mary C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough we have learned much about how the brain fuels its functions over the last decades, there remains much still to discover in an organ that is so complex. This article lays out major gaps in our knowledge of interrelationships between brain metabolism and brain function, including biochemical, cellular, and subcellular aspects of functional metabolism and its imaging in adult brain, as well as during development, aging, and disease. The focus is on unknowns in metabolism of major brain substrates and associated transporters, the roles of insulin and of lipid droplets, the emerging role of metabolism in microglia, mysteries about the major brain cofactor and signaling molecule NAD+, as well as unsolved problems underlying brain metabolism in pathologies such as traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and metabolic downregulation during hibernation. It describes our current level of understanding of these facets of brain energy metabolism as well as a roadmap for future research.image
Hemispheric asymmetries in cortical grey matter of gyri and sulci in modern human populations from South America
Authors: Vallejo‐Azar Mariana N. , Arenaza Bautista , Elizalde Acevedo Bautista , Alba‐Ferrara Lucía , Samengo Inés , Bendersky Mariana , Gonzalez Paula N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStructural asymmetries of brain regions associated with lateralised functions have been extensively studied. However, there are fewer morphometric analyses of asymmetries of the gyri and sulci of the entire cortex. The current study assessed cortical asymmetries in a sample of healthy adults (N = 175) from an admixed population from South America. Grey matter volume and surface area of 66 gyri and sulci were quantified on T1 magnetic resonance images. The departure from zero of the differences between left and right hemispheres (L‐R), a measure of directional asymmetry (DA), the variance of L‐R, and an index of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) were evaluated for each region. Significant departures from perfect symmetry were found for most cortical gyri and sulci. Regions showed leftward asymmetry at the population level in the frontal lobe and superior lateral parts of the parietal lobe. Rightward asymmetry was found in the inferior parietal, occipital, frontopolar, and orbital regions, and the cingulate (anterior, middle, and posterior–ventral). Despite this general pattern, several sulci showed the opposite DA compared to the neighbouring gyri, which remarks the need to consider the neurobiological differences in gyral and sulcal development in the study of structural asymmetries. The results also confirm the absence of DA in most parts of the inferior frontal gyrus and the precentral region. This study contributes with data on populations underrepresented in the databases used in neurosciences. Among its findings, there is agreement with previous results obtained in populations of different ancestry and some discrepancies in the middle frontal and medial parietal regions. A significant DA not reported previously was found for the volume of long and short insular gyri and the central sulcus of the insula, frontomarginal, transverse frontopolar, paracentral, and middle and posterior parts of the cingulate gyrus and sulcus, gyrus rectus, occipital pole, and olfactory sulcus, as well as for the volume and area of the transverse collateral sulcus and suborbital sulcus. Also, several parcels displayed significant variability in the left–right differences, which can be partially attributable to developmental instability, a source of FA. Moreover, a few gyri and sulci displayed ideal FA with non‐significant departures from perfect symmetry, such as subcentral and posterior cingulate gyri and sulci, inferior frontal and fusiform gyri, and the calcarine, transverse collateral, precentral, and orbital sulci. Overall, these results show that asymmetries are ubiquitous in the cerebral cortex.
Hypocobalaminaemia in dogs with acute gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Mattavelli C. , Willems A. , Gomez Soto E. , Chong S. K. 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of hypocobalaminaemia in dogs with acute gastrointestinal diseases and to evaluate its relationship with disease severity and outcome.Materials and MethodsMedical records of dogs presented for acute gastrointestinal signs that a serum cobalamin concentration measured between September 2019 and 2021 were included in this study. Hypocobalaminaemia was defined as serum cobalamin concentration <200 pmol/L, and low‐normal cobalamin was defined as serum cobalamin concentration of 200 to 295 pmol/L. Duration of clinical signs prior to presentation, Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLE) fast score, length of hospitalisation and outcome were recorded.ResultsThirty‐three dogs were included. Seventeen dogs were diagnosed with acute gastrointestinal disease of unknown aetiology, seven dogs with parvoviral enteritis, three dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome and six dogs with miscellaneous diseases. The prevalence of hypocobalaminaemia in this population was 30.3% and low‐normal cobalamin concentration was detected in 18.2% of dogs. There was no statistically significant relationship between the detection of hypocobalaminaemia or low‐normal cobalamin and the duration of clinical signs before presentation, length of hospitalisation or Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation fast score on admission. Mortality rate was 3%.Clinical SignificanceHypocobalaminaemia and low‐normal cobalamin are common findings in dogs with acute gastrointestinal diseases. The therapeutic significance and potential implications for prognosis of hypocobalaminaemia in these patients requires further investigation.
Dialectical critical realism, complexity and the psychology of blame
Authors: Norrie Alan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis essay considers the question of how to frame social complexity from the point of view of critical realism as it was developed in the direction of dialectics by Roy Bhaskar. One of the main objectives of dialectical critical realism (DCR) was to see dialectics as offering a more open and flexible way of handling social reality. I begin by outlining the main aims of DCR and its general orientation, before outlining some key concepts which afford it greater flexibility in handling complexity. In particular I look at ideas of totality, holistic causality, four planar social being and dispositional identity. I then use these ideas to explore in more detail two particular issues which relate to my own interests in thinking about the place of moral psychology in a dialectical critical realist setting. Here I focus on the complexity in understanding what it means to be responsible for an act in the light of the four planar social being/dispositional identity argument, and on how psychological phenomena animate social and political relations in light of ideas of totality and holistic causation.
Relative performance evaluation and wage inequality
Authors: Pi Jiancai , Li Zixin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the impact of relative performance evaluation (RPE) on skilled‐unskilled wage inequality. We find that in an economy with full employment, skilled‐unskilled wage inequality will be expanded when the strength of RPE increases. However, when the urban sector is under the minimum wage restriction, the impact of RPE on skilled‐unskilled wage inequality depends on the substitution elasticity between land and unskilled labor in the rural sector. If this substitution elasticity is sufficiently large (resp. small), skilled‐unskilled wage inequality will be expanded (resp. narrowed down) when the strength of RPE rises.
Four‐dimensional‐STEM analysis of the phyllosilicate‐rich matrix of Ryugu samples
Authors: Mouloud Bahae‐eddine , Jacob Damien , de la Peña Francisco , Marinova Maya , Le Guillou Corentin , Viennet Jean‐Christophe , Laforet Sylvain , Leroux Hugues , Teurtrie Adrien , Noguchi Takaaki , Matsumoto Toru , Miyake Akira , Igami Yohei , Haruta Mitsutaka , Saito Hikaru , Hata Satoshi , Seto Yusuke , Miyahara Masaaki , Tomioka Naotaka , Ishii Hope A. , Bradley John P. , Ohtaki Kenta K. , Dobrica Elena , Langenhorst Falko , Harries Dennis , Beck Pierre , Phan Thi H. V. , Rebois Rolando , Abreu Neyda M. , Gray Jennifer , Zega Thomas , Zanetta Pierre‐M. , Thompson Michelle S. , Stroud Rhonda , Burgess Kate , Cymes Brittany A. , Bridges John C. , Hicks Leon , Lee Martin R. , Daly Luke , Bland Phil A. , Zolensky Michael E. , Frank David R. , Martinez James , Tsuchiyama Akira , Yasutake Masahiro , Matsuno Junya , Okumura Shota , Mitsukawa Itaru , Uesugi Kentaro , Uesugi Masayuki , Takeuchi Akihisa , Sun Mingqi , Enju Satomi , Takigawa Aki , Michikami Tatsuhiro , Nakamura Tomoki , Matsumoto Megumi , Nakauchi Yusuke , Abe Masanao , Nakazawa Satoru , Okada Tatsuaki , Saiki Takanao , Tanaka Satoshi , Terui Fuyuto , Yoshikawa Makoto , Miyazaki Akiko , Nakato Aiko , Nishimura Masahiro , Usui Tomohiro , Yada Toru , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Nagashima Kazuhide , Kawasaki Noriyuki , Sakamotoa Naoya , Okazaki Ryuji , Yabuta Hikaru , Naraoka Hiroshi , Sakamoto Kanako , Tachibana Shogo , Watanabe Sei‐ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRyugu asteroid grains brought back to the Earth by the Hayabusa2 space mission are pristine samples containing hydrated minerals and organic compounds. Here, we investigate the mineralogy of their phyllosilicate‐rich matrix with four‐dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D‐STEM). We have identified and mapped the mineral phases at the nanometer scale (serpentine, smectite, pyrrhotite), observed the presence of Ni‐bearing pyrrhotite, and identified the serpentine polymorph as lizardite, in agreement with the reported aqueous alteration history of Ryugu. Furthermore, we have mapped the d‐spacings of smectite and observed a broad distribution of values, ranging from 1 to 2 nm, with an average d‐spacing of 1.24 nm, indicating significant heterogeneity within the sample. Such d‐spacing variability could be the result of either the presence of organic matter trapped in the interlayers or the influence of various geochemical conditions at the submicrometer scale, suggestive of a range of organic compounds and/or changes in smectite crystal chemistry.
End‐stage renal disease in a critical patient with superior vena cava syndrome with central vein catheters inserted via the superficial femoral vein: A case study
Authors: Yu Chao , Gao Chunhua , Zhao Dandan , Lin Yan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSuperior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is caused by obstruction to the blood flow through this vein. Indwelling central venous devices, such as cardiac pacemakers and haemodialysis catheters have emerged as the most common benign aetiology of SVCS. SVCS is particularly severe in patients with end‐stage renal disease who require continuous renal replacement therapy plus infusion therapy. The presence of SVCS results in a reduction of available venous access for affected patients. Therefore, venous access plays a crucial role in the management of these patients. The importance of dealing with vascular access (VA) in critical patients with these conditions cannot be overstated. This case describes an 81‐year‐old man with respiratory failure who had end‐stage renal disease complicated with SVCS. Using ultrasound‐guided puncture, we inserted a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) into the superficial femoral vein to meet his infusion requirements in intensive care. After successful placement, the catheter tip position was adjusted using imaging to position the tip relative to the haemodialysis catheter. Whenever patients with severe renal dysfunction are treated, central veins should be preserved. Safe PICC access is possible via the superficial femoral vein to protect the last central VA for rational use. This meets urgent needs for infusion and deserves promotion.
Improvement of the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar stereo positioning accuracy without ground control points
Authors: Wei Yu , Zhao Ruishan , Fan Qiang , Dai Jiguang , Zhang Bing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCompared with optical remote sensing satellites, the geometric positioning accuracy of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite is not affected by satellite attitude or weather conditions. SAR satellites can achieve relatively high positioning accuracy without ground control points, which is particularly important in global surveying and mapping. However, the stereo positioning accuracy of SAR satellites is mainly affected by the SAR systematic delay and the atmospheric propagation delay of radar signals. An iterative compensation method for the SAR systematic time delay is proposed based on digital elevation model to improve the stereo positioning accuracy of SAR satellites without control points. In addition, to address the non‐real‐time updates of external reference atmospheric param, an iterative compensation method to estimate the atmospheric propagation delay of radar signals is proposed based on standard atmospheric models. In this study, SAR images from the Gaofen‐3 (GF‐3) satellite with 5 m resolutions were used as experimental data to verify the effectiveness of our proposed method. Simultaneously, the 2D positioning accuracy was better than 3 m and increased by 42.9%, and the elevation positioning accuracy was better than 3 m and increased by 90.2%.
Prevalence of acute periapical abscesses in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy
Authors: Katz Joseph , Ensz Olga S. , Rotstein Ilan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsHead and neck cancer is a serious condition affecting the life of patients. Radiotherapy is commonly used to treat such conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of acute periapical abscesses (PAs) in patients who received radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.Methods and resultsData on acute PAs and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) diagnosis with or without a history of radiation therapy (RAD) was retrieved by searching the appropriate query in the database. All cases were diagnosed for acute PAs by calibrated dentists for patients admitted to urgent care. The odds ratio (OR) for the prevalence of acute PAs and its association with a history of OPC with or without RAD were then calculated. Adjustment for comorbidities such as diabetes, smoking and gingival and periodontal diseases was also done. The prevalence of acute PAs in patients with a history of OPC was significantly higher as compared to the general hospital patient population (OR 2.92, 95%CI, p < .0001). Males were more affected than females and whites were more affected than African Americans and other ethnicities. The prevalence for PAs in patients with a history of OPC and RAD was higher and the difference in prevalence was statistically significant (OR 3.61, 95%CI, p < .0001). Whites were more affected than African Americans by more than 3.5‐fold. Adjustment for diabetes comorbidly affected mainly the OPC + RAD group, however, the difference remained statistically significant. Adjustment for smoking and gingival and periodontal disease reduced the OR but the difference remained statistically different.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of acute PAs in patients with a history of OPC and RAD may suggest an association between these conditions warranting a meticulous medical and dental examination.