bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nachhaltige Digitalisierung. Gesellschaftliche Transformation, autonome Materialität und der Fall des Digital Farming
Authors: Henkel Anna 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungNachhaltigkeit und Digitalisierung sind zwei Tendenzen gesellschaftlichen Wandels, die in verschiedene Richtungen weisen. Nachhaltigkeit wird als angestrebte, jedoch im Ergebnis unzureichend bleibende Veränderung gesehen, während Digitalisierung – erwünscht oder auch nicht – schlicht erfolgt. Diese Diskrepanz zu untersuchen, ist eine Herausforderung auch für die soziologische Theorie. Nachdem Nachhaltigkeit und Digitalisierung bislang meist unabhängig voneinander in den Blick genommen wurden, erlaubt eine materialitätstheoretisch erweiterte Gesellschaftstheorie ein soziologisches Zusammendenken und eine Erklärung für die Unterschiedlichkeit der Dynamiken gesellschaftlichen Wandels: In der spezifischen, nämlich autonomen Materialität der modernen Gesellschaft ist Digitalisierung bereits angelegt, während eine nachhaltige Entwicklung eine Transformation dieser Materialität selbst erfordert. Am Fallbeispiel des Digital Farming wird diese These näher ausgeführt. Den Abschluss des Beitrags bilden Überlegungen zu Herausforderungen, Bedingungen und Möglichkeiten einer nachhaltigen Digitalisierung.
Das Verhältnis von sozialen und technischen Normen – Zur Frage, ob die Digitalisierung gesellschaftstransformatives Potenzial besitzt
Authors: Barth Jonas , Block Katharina , Lindemann Gesa , Fröhlich Johanna 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungInwiefern Digitalisierung ein gesellschaftstransformatives Potenzial hat, ist umstritten. Diese Frage wird der empirischen Analyse zugänglich, wenn man die Steuerung von Verhalten in den Blick nimmt. Es fehlt jedoch bislang eine differenzierte sozialtheoretische Perspektive, mit der unterschiedliche Steuerungen von Verhalten präzise erfasst werden können. Der Beitrag geht von der Prämisse aus, dass Verhaltenssteuerung ausgehend von der Orientierung an Normen zu fassen ist, und macht einen Vorschlag, wie sich technische und soziale Normen in der Sozial‑, Sach- und Zeitdimension voneinander unterscheiden lassen und welche unterschiedlichen Modi der Verhaltenssteuerung mit ihnen korrespondieren. Am Beispiel assistiver Verkehrstechnologien werden zum einen die Fruchtbarkeit der Unterscheidung von sozialen und technischen Normen, zum anderen die sich ergebenden empirischen Anschlussfragen aufgezeigt.
Alltägliche Dynamik. Zur veränderbaren Rationalität von Praktiken
Authors: Neubert Christine 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Beitrag wird die Annahme formuliert, dass sich Veränderungen von Alltag anhand von Rationalisierungsprozessen in sozialen Praktiken beobachten lassen. Um dieser Frage nachzugehen, wird bei klassischen Alltagssoziologien (Alfred Schütz, Harold Garfinkel) der Begriff der Rationalität sondiert und mit sozialtheoretischen Annahmen der Praxistheorien wie Kollektivität, Zielorientierung und geteilte Affekte zusammen diskutiert. Anhand des empirischen Beispiels der Aufsichtstätigkeit im Kunstmuseum wird schließlich illustriert, wie affektive Rationalität auf Irritationen antwortet und wie die temporäre Anpassung einer Praktik als Fall von alltäglicher Dynamik verstanden werden kann.
Validation of an alternative quantitative method for determination of antioxidant potential in Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Chilli pepper
Authors: Shalaby Emad A. , Aboul-Enein Ahmed M. , Sayed Nadia M. , Said Mohamed E. , Hussain Ahmed R. , Shehata Yousef M. , Sayed Salsabil R. , Saeed Marwa M. H. , Hanafy Eman A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe provide proof-of-concept for the innovative method of 2,6-dichloroindophenol (DCPIP) for measuring the antioxidant activity of plant extracts. Antioxidant content can be determined using the standard DCPIP test and compare the results with the DPPH results as conventional method. DCPIP operates on the premise that the deep blue color of the oxidized dye is reduced to an invisible solution. Ascorbic acid’s antioxidant activity was measured by DCPIP at different times (from 1 to 60 min) and was concentration-dependent, with the maximum activity being at 400 g/mL. In addition, when compared to other incubation durations, the ascorbic acid standard, a natural antioxidant, gave the maximum activity within the first five minutes of incubation with DCPIP. DCPIP is a marker of antioxidant activity both against vitamin C and plant extracts. The DCPIP approach is quick and unaffected by pH variation. The stability of the DCPIP reagent over time (5 and 30 min) and color reduction by ascorbic acid as a natural antioxidant standard were demonstrated using a straightforward and quick method.
Ascorbate oxidation driven by PM2.5-bound metal(loid)s extracted in an acidic simulated lung fluid in relation to their bioaccessibility
Authors: Expósito A. , Markiv B. , Santibáñez M. , Fadel M. , Ledoux F. , Courcot D. , Fernández-Olmo I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe oxidative potential (OP) is defined as the ability of inhaled PM components to catalytically/non-catalytically generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and deplete lung antioxidants. Although several studies have measured the OP of particulate matter (PM OP) soluble components using different antioxidants under neutral pH conditions, few studies have measured PM OP with acidic lung fluids. This study provides new insights into the use of acidic rather than neutral fluids in OP assays. Thus, the first aim of this study was to clarify the effect of using an acidic lung fluid on ascorbic acid (AA) depletion. This was achieved by measuring the oxidative potential (OP-AA) of individual compounds known to catalyze the AA oxidation (CuSO4, CuCl2, and 1,4-NQ) in artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF, pH 4.5), a commonly used acidic simulated lung fluid, and in a neutral fluid (phosphate-buffered saline (PBS1x), pH 7.4). Our results from these individual compounds showed a significant decrease of OP-AA in the acidic fluid (ALF) with respect to the neutral fluid (PBS). Then, the second aim of this work was to investigate whether the OP-AA assay could be applied to PM2.5 samples extracted in acidic conditions. For this purpose, OP-AA and bioaccessible concentrations of metal(loid)s (V, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, Sb, and Pb) of PM2.5 samples collected in an urban-industrial area that were extracted in ALF were analyzed. The mean volume-normalized OP (OP-AAv) value was 0.10 ± 0.07 nmol min−1 m−3, clearly lower than the values found in the literature at neutral pH. OP-AAv values were highly correlated with the ALF-bioaccessible concentration of most of the studied metal(loid)s, mainly with Cu and Fe.
Oral Versus Subcutaneous Methotrexate in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disorders: an Update of the Current Literature
Authors: Vermeer Eva , Hebing Renske C. F. , van de Meeberg Maartje M. , Lin Marry , de Meij Tim G. J. , Struys Eduard A. , Jansen Gerrit , Nurmohamed Michael T. , Ćalasan Maja Bulatović , de Jonge Robert 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This review aims to critically evaluate the potential benefit of either oral or subcutaneous administration of methotrexate (MTX) in various immune-mediated inflammatory disorders (IMIDs) through analysis of efficacy, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of both administration routes.

Recent Findings
Recent studies comparing the efficacy of oral versus subcutaneous MTX administration in IMIDs have revealed contradicting results. Some reported higher efficacy with subcutaneous administration, while others found no significant difference. Regarding toxicity, some studies have challenged the notion that subcutaneous administration is better tolerated than oral administration, while others have supported this. Pharmacokinetic studies suggest higher plasma bioavailability and increased accumulation of MTX-polyglutamates (MTX-PGs) in red blood cells (RBCs) with subcutaneous administration during the initial treatment phase. However, after several months, similar intracellular drug levels are observed with both administration routes.

Summary
There is no conclusive evidence supporting the superiority of either oral or subcutaneous MTX administration in terms of efficacy and adverse events in IMIDs. Subcutaneous administration leads to higher plasma bioavailability and initial accumulation of MTX-PGs in RBCs, but the difference seems to disappear over time. Given the variable findings, the choice of administration route may be based on shared decision-making, offering patients the option of either oral or subcutaneous administration of MTX based on individual preferences and tolerability. Further research is needed to better understand the impact of MTX-PGs in various blood cells and TDM on treatment response and adherence to MTX therapy.
Unveiling Potential Targeted Therapeutic Opportunities for Co-Overexpressed Targeting Protein for Xklp2 and Aurora-A Kinase in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mukherjee Arnab , Yadav Preeti Harigovind , Mukunthan K. S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most prevalent and leading causes of cancer deaths globally, with limited diagnostic and clinically significant therapeutic targets. Identifying the genes and processes involved in developing and progressing LUAD is crucial for developing effective targeted therapeutics and improving patient outcomes. Therefore, the study aimed to explore the RNA sequencing data of LUAD from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and gene expression profile datasets involving GSE10072, GSE31210, and GSE32863 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The differential gene expression and the downstream analysis determined clinically significant biomarkers using a network-based approach. These therapeutic targets predominantly enriched the dysregulation of mitotic cell cycle regulation and revealed the co-overexpression of Aurora-A Kinase (AURKA) and Targeting Protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) with high survival risk in LUAD patients. The hydrophobic residues of the AURKA–TPX2 interaction were considered as the target site to block the autophosphorylation of AURKA during the mitotic cell cycle. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) dacomitinib demonstrated the strong binding potential to hinder TPX2, shielding the AURKA destabilization. This in silico study lays the foundation for repurposing targeted therapeutic options to impede the Protein–Protein Interactions (PPIs) in LUAD progression and aid in future translational investigations.
Division of neuromuscular compartments and localization of the center of the intramuscular nerve-dense region in pelvic wall muscles based on Sihler's staining
Authors: Hu Xiangnan , Wang Meng , He Xiaojiao , Chen Peng , Jia Fangfang , Wang Danli , Yang Shengbo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe innervation of the pelvic wall muscles is not very clear. This study aimed to reveal the division of neuromuscular compartments and localize the surface position and depth of the center of the intramuscular nerve-dense region (CINDR) of the pelvic wall muscles based on Sihler's staining. Twenty-four adult cadavers were used. To localize the CINDR of the pelvic wall muscles, horizontal (H) and longitudinal (L) reference lines were drawn, and Sihler’s staining was used to reveal the intramuscular nerve distribution. The CINDR projection points (P and P′ points) behind and in front of the body surface, the positions of the P points projected onto the H and L lines (PH and PL points), and the depth of CINDR were determined by spiral computed tomography scanning. The piriformis and obturator internus muscles can be divided into two and three neuromuscular compartments, respectively. The PH of CINDR of the piriformis muscle was located at 22.61 ± 2.66% of the H line, the PL was at 28.53 ± 6.08% of the L line, and the puncture depth of the piriformis muscle was at 24.64 ± 2.16% of the PP′ line. The PH of CINDR of the obturator internus muscle was at 16.49 ± 1.20% of the H line, the PL was at 10.94 ± 1.09% of its L line, and the puncture depth was 6.26 ± 0.38 cm. These findings may guide the design of the compartmentalized transplantation of the pelvic wall muscles and improve the target localization efficiency and efficacy for injecting botulinum toxin A to treat pelvic wall muscle spasm.
Trends of cybercrime from 2001 to 2021: cybersecurity action plan for Papua New Guinea
Authors: Ige Olugbenga 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInformation and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and by extension the Internet, have brought immense sociological transformations to humanity. Despite the development the Internet has brought to humanity, the Government of Papua New Guinea (GoPNG) has not lost sight of the fact that the use of ICTs and other related supporting devices are fraught with cybercrime and cyber insecurities that constitute challenges to global law enforcement agencies in PNG and other nations of the world. This paper reports the trends on victims of cybercrimes from 2001 to 2021 and presents an action plan for PNG. The data analysed in this study was explicated from the Internet crime reports published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and National White Collar Crime Center (IC3). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and XGraph component of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences’ Population Pyramid. The results confirmed that the number of Internet users that were defrauded increased exponentially from 2016 to 2021. Results from the data explicated from the World Bank on Internet use, revealed that the population of Internet users in PNG and Australia will increase at a minimum rate of 1% to 2% for the next few years. These findings suggest that cybercrimes will be on the rise as the number of Internet users increase at 1% to 2% in PNG and Australia in the next few years. The findings present appropriate strategies to address the incidences of cybercrimes in PNG.
The Christianization of Knowledge in Late Antiquity
Authors: Letteney Mark 
Published: September 2023

The Christianization of Knowledge in Late Antiquity: Intellectual and Material Transformations traces the beginning of Late Antiquity from a new angle. Shifting the focus away from the Christianization of people or the transformation of institutions, Mark Letteney interrogates the creation of novel and durable structures of knowledge across the Roman scholarly landscape, and the embedding of those changes in manuscript witnesses. Letteney explores scholarly productions ranging from juristic writings and legal compendia to theological tractates, military handbooks, historical accounts, miscellanies, grammatical treatises, and the Palestinian Talmud. He demonstrates how imperial Christianity inflected the production of truth far beyond the domain of theology — and how intellectual tools forged in the fires of doctrinal controversy shed their theological baggage and came to undergird the great intellectual productions of the Theodosian Age, and their material expressions. Letteney's volume offers new insights and a new approach to answering the perennial question: What does it mean for Rome to become Christian? This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
The Property Right to Voice
Authors: Margalit Avital , Stern Shai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractShould property owners have a unique right to express their opinion just because they own property? While current law recognizes owners’ rights to express their voices in certain instances, it does not provide comprehensive and coherent answers to this question. This article provides an analytical framework for recognizing the owners’ right to voice as an independent property entitlement within the owners’ property bundle of rights and delineates its boundaries. Yet even when the owners’ voice is property-dependent, there is a difference between voice that facilitates the realization of another property entitlement (such as the right to exclude, use, or trade) and voice that is constitutive to ownership in and of itself. Only the latter instances justify recognition of the owners’ right to a voice as an independent property entitlement. By examining different branches of both tangible and intellectual property law, such as inheritance law, eminent domain, homeowners’ association law, zoning law, and copyright law, this article demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed analytical framework in explaining certain parts of the current law and suggests modifications of other parts.
Effective rigidity away from the boundary for centrally symmetric billiards
Authors: BIALY MISHA 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study centrally symmetric Birkhoff billiard tables. We introduce a closed invariant set
$\mathcal {M}_{\mathcal {B}}$
consisting of locally maximizing orbits of the billiard map lying inside the region
$\mathcal {B}$
bounded by two invariant curves of
$4$
-periodic orbits. We give an effective bound from above on the measure of this invariant set in terms of the isoperimetric defect of the curve. The equality case occurs if and only if the curve is a circle.
On the interaction of Taylor length-scale size droplets and homogeneous shear turbulence
Authors: Trefftz-Posada Pablo , Ferrante Antonino 
Published: September 2023

The main objective of the present work is to explain the physical mechanisms occurring in droplet-laden homogeneous shear turbulence (HST) with a focus on the modulation of turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) caused by the droplets. To achieve such an objective, first, we performed direct numerical simulations (DNS) of HST laden with droplets of initial diameter approximately equal to twice the Taylor length scale of turbulence, droplet-to-fluid density and viscosity ratios equal to ten and a 5 % droplet volume fraction. We investigated the effects of shear number and Weber number on the modulation of TKE for

$Sh \approx 2$

and

$4$

, and

$0.02 \le {{We_{rms}}} \le 0.5$

. Then, we derived the TKE equations for the two-fluid, carrier-fluid and droplet-fluid flow in HST and the relationship between the power of surface tension and the rate of change of total droplet surface area, providing the pathways of TKE for two-fluid incompressible HST. Our DNS results show that, for

${{We_{rms}}} = 0.02$

, the rate of change of TKE is increased with respect to the single-phase cases, for

${{We_{rms}}} = 0.1$

, the rate of change of TKE oscillates near the value for the single-phase cases and, for

${{We_{rms}}} = 0.5$

, the rate of change of TKE is decreased with respect to the single-phase cases. Such modulation is explained from the analysis of production, dissipation and power of surface tension in the carrier-fluid and droplet-fluid flows. Finally, we explain the effects of droplets on the production and dissipation rate of TKE through the droplet ‘catching-up’ mechanism, and on the power of the surface tension through the droplet ‘shearing’ mechanism.
Beyond the Stokes approximation: shallow visco-elastic ice-sheet models
Authors: Bassis Jeremy N. , Kachuck Samuel B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe hypothesis that ice-sheet evolution is only controlled by the long-term non-Newtonian viscous behavior of ice has been challenged by observations indicating that effects like brittle failure, stick-slip sliding, tides and wave action may affect ice-sheet evolution on sub-daily timescales. Over these timescales, the quasi-static-creep approximation is no longer appropriate and elastic effects become important. Simulating elastic effects in ice-sheet models over relevant timescales, however, remains challenging. Here, we show that by including a visco-elastic rheology and reintroducing the oft neglected acceleration term back into the ice-sheet stress balance, we can create a visco-elastic system where the velocity is locally determined and information propagates at the elastic wave speed. Crucially, the elastic wave speed can be treated like an adjustable parameter and set to any value to reproduce a range of phenomena, provided the wave speed is large compared to the viscous velocity. We illustrate the system using three examples. The first two examples demonstrate that the system converges to the steady-state viscous and elastic limits. The third example examines ice-shelf rifting and iceberg calving. This final example hints at the utility of the visco-elastic formulation in treating both long-term evolution and short-term environmental effects.
Conceptual metaphor in areal perspective: time, space, and contact in the Sinosphere
Authors: Fiddler Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses spatio-temporal metaphors in three regions in and around China from the perspective of language contact, looking for evidence of areal convergence or transfer of the conceptual metaphors. The approach fits broadly within the framework of Cognitive Contact Linguistics. After a review of spatio-temporal metaphors in the Sinitic languages, I sketch out the relevant metaphors in languages spoken in northwest China (Xinjiang and the Qinghai-Gansu Sprachbund), in and near northeast China, and in south China and Taiwan – many of which have not been discussed previously in the literature on conceptual metaphor. The study reveals evidence for metaphor transfer involving the up-down spatial dimension from Sinitic to Japanese and Korean, contact-facilitated extension of metaphor involving the front-back dimension in Tsou, and possible transfer of front-back metaphor to other languages of Taiwan. Several of the lexical items used in front-back metaphorical expressions in Santa, two Hmong varieties, Japanese, and Korean are borrowed from Sinitic, but these do not clearly represent transfer of the conceptual mapping.
Neither neural networks nor the language-of-thought alone make a complete game
Authors: Oved Iris , Krishnaswamy Nikhil , Pustejovsky James , Hartshorne Joshua K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCognitive science has evolved since early disputes between radical empiricism and radical nativism. The authors are reacting to the revival of radical empiricism spurred by recent successes in deep neural network (NN) models. We agree that language-like mental representations (language-of-thoughts [LoTs]) are part of the best game in town, but they cannot be understood independent of the other players.
Pathways to resilience and pathways to flourishing: Examining the added-value of multisystem research and intervention in contexts of war and forced displacement
Authors: Panter-Brick Catherine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the added-value that multisystem approaches bring to research and intervention in contexts of war and forced displacement. I highlight what is useful and truly innovative about systems-level work, aware that providing data-related evidence is only part of the story when connecting research to policy and practice. I discuss four types of added-value: these are conceptual, instrumental, capacity-building, and connectivity impacts that, respectively, aim to change current knowledge, improve implementation, build research skills, and strengthen network connectivity. Specifically, systems-based research can help transform the key frames of humanitarian work, fostering the more integrated and distributive models of professional assistance known as resilience and network humanitarianism. I argue that systems-level approaches on resilience and flourishing in war-affected and refugee populations help to articulate new mindsets, methodologies, partnerships, and ways of working relevant for humanitarian research, policy and practice. I focus attention on interdisciplinary, interventionist, prospective, transgenerational, and network-building initiatives. My specific examples cover the family context of mental health and trauma memory in Afghanistan, as well as program evaluation with Syrian refugees in Jordan, connecting stress biology to human experience, and social networks to psychological empowerment. The paper suggests future directions to support more effective and impactful systems-level work in protracted humanitarian crises.