bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volume Density Structure of the Central Molecular Zone NGC 253 through ALCHEMI Excitation Analysis
Authors: Tanaka Kunihiko , Mangum Jeffrey G. , Viti Serena , Martín Sergio , Harada Nanase , Sakamoto Kazushi , Muller Sebastien , Yoshimura Yuki , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Herrero-Illana Rubén , Emig Kimberly L. , Mühle S. , Kaneko Hiroyuki , Tosaki Tomoka , Behrens Erica , Rivilla Víctor M. , Colzi Laura , Nishimura Yuri , Humire P. K. , Bouvier Mathilde , Huang Ko-Yun , Butterworth Joshua , Meier David S. , van der Werf Paul P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a spatially resolved excitation analysis for the central molecular zone (CMZ) of the starburst galaxy NGC 253 using the data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Comprehensive High-resolution Extragalactic Molecular Inventory, whereby we explore parameters distinguishing NGC 253 from the quiescent Milky Way’s Galactic center (GC). Non-LTE analyses employing a hierarchical Bayesian framework are applied to Band 3–7 transitions from nine molecular species to delineate the position–position–velocity distributions of column density (

N

H

2

), volume density (

n

H

2

), and temperature (T
kin) at 27 pc resolution. Two distinct components are detected: a low-density component with

(

n

H

2

,

T

kin

)
∼
(

10

3.3

cm

−
3

,
85

K
)

and a high-density component with

(

n

H

2

,

T

kin

)

∼
(

10

4.4

cm

−
3

,
110

K
)

, separated at

n

H

2

∼

10

3.8

cm

−
3

. NGC 253 has ∼10 times the high-density gas mass and ∼3 times the dense-gas mass fraction of the GC. These properties are consistent with their HCN/CO ratio but cannot alone explain the factor of ∼30 difference in their star formation efficiencies (SFEs), contradicting the dense-gas mass to star formation rate scaling law. The

n

H

2

histogram toward NGC 253 exhibits a shallow declining slope up to

n

H

2

∼

10

6

cm

−
3

, while that of the GC steeply drops in

n

H

2

≳

10

4.5

cm

−
3

and vanishes at 105 cm−3. Their dense-gas mass fraction ratio becomes consistent with their SFEs when the threshold

n

H

2

for the dense gas is taken at ∼104.2−4.6 cm−3. The rich abundance of gas above this density range in the NGC 253 CMZ, or its scarcity in the GC, is likely to be the critical difference characterizing the contrasting star formation in the centers of the two galaxies.
Constraints on Coasting Cosmological Models from Gravitational-wave Standard Sirens
Authors: Raffai Peter , Pálfi Mária , Dálya Gergely , Gray Rachel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present the first test of coasting cosmological models with gravitational-wave (GW) standard sirens observed in the first three observing runs of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA detector network. We apply the statistical galaxy catalog method adapted to coasting cosmologies and infer constraints on the H
0 Hubble constant for the three fixed values of the curvature parameter

k
=

−
1
,
0
,
+
1

in

H

0

2

c

−
2

units. The maximum posteriors and 68.3% highest density intervals we obtained from a combined analysis of 46 dark siren detections and a single bright siren detection are

H

0

=

68.1

−
5.6

+
8.5

,

67.5

−
5.2

+
8.3

,

67.1

−
5.8

+
6.6

km

s

−
1

Mpc

−
1

, respectively. All our constraints on H
0 are consistent within 1σ with the H
0 measured with the differential age method, which provides a constraint on H
0 in coasting cosmologies independently from k. Our results constrain all cosmological models with a(t) ∝ t linear expansion in the luminosity distance and redshift range of the 47 LIGO–Virgo detections, i.e., d
L ≲ 5Gpc and z ≲ 0.8, which practically include all (both strictly linear and quasi-linear) models in the coasting model family. As we have found, the coasting models and the Lambda cold dark matter (or ΛCDM) model fit equally well to the applied set of GW detections.
Efficiency of Turbulent Reacceleration by Solenoidal Turbulence and Its Application to the Origin of Radio Megahalos in Cluster Outskirts
Authors: Nishiwaki Kosuke , Brunetti Gianfranco , Vazza Franco , Gheller Claudio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recent radio observations with the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) discovered diffuse emission extending beyond the scale of classical radio halos. The presence of such megahalos indicates that the amplification of the magnetic field and acceleration of relativistic particles are working in the cluster outskirts, presumably due to the combination of shocks and turbulence that dissipate energy in these regions. Cosmological magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulations of galaxy clusters suggest that solenoidal turbulence has a significant energy budget in the outskirts of galaxy clusters. In this paper, we explore the possibility that this turbulence contributes to the emission observed in megahalos through second-order Fermi acceleration of relativistic particles and magnetic field amplification by the dynamo. We focus on the case of A2255 and find that this scenario can explain the basic properties of the diffuse emission component that is observed under assumptions that are used in previous literature. More specifically, we conduct a numerical follow-up, solving the Fokker–Planck equation by using a snapshot of an MHD simulation and deducing the synchrotron brightness integrated along the lines of sight. We find that a volume-filling emission, ranging between 30% and almost 100% of the projected area, depending on our assumptions on the particle diffusion and transport, can be detected at LOFAR sensitivities. Assuming a magnetic field B ∼ 0.2 μG, as derived from a dynamo model applied to the emitting region, we find that the observed brightness can be matched when ∼1% of the solenoidal turbulent energy flux is channeled into particle acceleration.
A Multiwavelength Study of the Symbiotic Mira HM Sge with SOFIA and HST
Authors: Goldman Steven R. , Sankrit Ravi , Montiel Edward , Garner Sean , Wolthuis Nathan , Karnath Nicole 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We have targeted the dusty symbiotic Mira system HM Sge with four instruments from the IR to the UV. We have used these observations along with archival observations to study how the system has been evolving after its 1975 nova-like outburst. We have detected rovibrational water emission in a symbiotic system for the first time using new EXES high-spectral-resolution infrared spectroscopy. The features, detected in emission, have velocities consistent with the systemic velocity but do not show any clear evidence of high-velocity outflows. Mid-infrared photometry and grism spectroscopy show that the oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch dust and dust output have shown little to no change over the past 39 years. In the optical/UV, we detect three main [N ii] nebular features that were detected 22 years ago. Two of these features show a small amount of movement, corresponding to average outflows speeds of 38 and 78 km s−1 since they were previously observed; some previously detected [N ii] features are no longer visible. New UV spectroscopy has shown that the nebular environment continues to steadily relax after the system’s 1975 outburst. The data suggest, however, that the temperature of the hot component has increased from 200,000 K in 1989 to greater than 250,000 K now. Our new and archival observations suggest that the evolution of the system after its outburst is swift with little to no major changes after a period of a couple of years.
Long-term Variations in the Orbital Period of Hot Jupiters from Transit-timing Analysis Using TESS Survey Data
Authors: Wang Wenqin , Zhang Zixin , Chen Zhangliang , Wang Yonghao , Yu Cong , Ma Bo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Many hot Jupiters may experience orbital decays, which are manifested as long-term transit-timing variations. We have analyzed 7068 transits from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) for a sample of 326 hot Jupiters. These new mid-transit-time data allow us to update ephemerides for these systems. By combining the new TESS transit-timing data with archival data, we searched for possible long-term variations in the orbital period in these hot Jupiters using a linear and a quadratic ephemeris model. We identified 26 candidates that exhibit possible long-term variations of the orbital period, including 18 candidates with decreasing orbital periods and eight candidates with increasing orbital periods. Among them, 12 candidates failed our leave-one-out cross validation test and thus should be considered to be marginal candidates. In addition to tidal interaction, alternative mechanisms such as apsidal precession, the Rømer effect, and the Applegate effect could also contribute to the variations during the observed period. The ephemerides derived in this work are useful for scheduling follow-up observations for these hot Jupiters in the future. The Python code (PdotQuest, https://github.com/AeoN400/PdotQuest) used to generate the ephemerides is made available online.
Predicting Solar Proton Events of Solar Cycles 22–24 Using GOES Proton and Soft-X-Ray Flux Features
Authors: Ali Aatiya , Sadykov Viacheslav , Kosovichev Alexander , Kitiashvili Irina N. , Oria Vincent , Nita Gelu M. , Illarionov Egor , O’Keefe Patrick M. , Francis Fraila , Chong Chun-Jie , Kosovich Paul , Marroquin Russell D. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Solar energetic particle (SEP) events and their major subclass, solar proton events (SPEs), can have unfavorable consequences on numerous aspects of life and technology, making them one of the most harmful effects of solar activity. Garnering knowledge preceding such events by studying operational data flows is essential for their forecasting. Considering only solar cycle (SC) 24 in our previous study, we found that it may be sufficient to only utilize proton and soft X-ray (SXR) parameters for SPE forecasts. Here, we report a catalog recording ≥10 MeV ≥10 particle flux unit SPEs with their properties, spanning SCs 22–24, using NOAA’s Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite flux data. We report an additional catalog of daily proton and SXR flux statistics for this period, employing it to test the application of machine learning (ML) on the prediction of SPEs using a support vector machine (SVM) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). We explore the effects of training models with data from one and two SCs, evaluating how transferable a model might be across different time periods. XGBoost proved to be more accurate than SVMs for almost every test considered, while also outperforming operational SWPC NOAA predictions and a persistence forecast. Interestingly, training done with SC 24 produces weaker true skill statistic and Heidke skill scores2, even when paired with SC 22 or SC 23, indicating transferability issues. This work contributes toward validating forecasts using long-spanning data—an understudied area in SEP research that should be considered to verify the cross cycle robustness of ML-driven forecasts.
Baryon-induced Collapse of Dark Matter Cores into Supermassive Black Holes
Authors: Argüelles C. R. , Rueda J. A. , Ruffini R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Nonlinear structure formation for fermionic dark matter particles leads to dark matter density profiles with a degenerate compact core surrounded by a diluted halo. For a given fermion mass, the core has a critical mass that collapses into a supermassive black hole (SMBH). Galactic dynamics constraints suggest a ∼100 keV/c
2 fermion, which leads to ∼107
M
⊙ critical core mass. Here, we show that baryonic (ordinary) matter accretion drives an initially stable dark matter core to SMBH formation and determines the accreted mass threshold that induces it. Baryonic gas density ρ

b
and velocity v

b
inferred from cosmological hydrosimulations and observations produce sub-Eddington accretion rates triggering the baryon-induced collapse in less than 1 Gyr. This process produces active galactic nuclei in galaxy mergers and the high-redshift Universe. For TXS 2116–077, merging with a nearby galaxy, the observed 3 × 107
M
⊙ SMBH, for

Q

b

=

ρ

b

/

v

b

3

=
0.125

M

⊙

/

(
100

km

s

−
1

pc
)

3

, forms in ≈0.6 Gyr, consistent with the 0.5–2 Gyr merger timescale and younger jet. For the farthest central SMBH detected by the Chandra X-ray satellite in the z = 10.3 UHZ1 galaxy observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the mechanism leads to a 4 × 107
M
⊙ SMBH in 87–187 Myr, starting the accretion at z = 12–15. The baryon-induced collapse can also explain the ≈107–108
M
⊙ SMBHs revealed by JWST at z ≈ 4–6. After its formation, the SMBH can grow to a few 109
M
⊙ in timescales shorter than 1 Gyr via sub-Eddington baryonic mass accretion.
Politiques d’attractivité des territoires
Authors: Loisy Marine , Réau Bertrand 
Published: January 2024

La crise liée à la pandémie de Covid-19 a permis de rendre plus attractifs des territoires jusque-là peu ou pas touristiques. Densité moindre, nouvel environnement quotidien et nouveau rythme de vie couplé parfois à un changement professionnel ont convaincu certaines personnes d’une installation à plus long terme. Le département de la Nièvre, par exemple, a profité de l’élaboration de sa stratégie touristique territoriale pour orienter ses actions vers l’accueil de nouvelles populations résidentes. Cet article a pour objectif de proposer une analyse croisée des productions institutionnelles et scientifiques relatives à l’attractivité nouvelle de certains territoires, notamment ruraux. Plus spécifiquement, il permet de questionner ce que l’organisation des territoires en matière d’attractivité (touristique, résidentielle et de loisirs) fait à l’articulation des temps sociaux en interrogeant les (ré) organisations observables, notamment, au sein des sphères professionnelles, familiales et de loisirs.
Compte rendu de la journée d’études « Travail de plateforme et reproduction sociale »
Authors: Benvegnù Carlotta 
Published: January 2024

Journée d’études organisée par A. Koechlin (Centre d’étude des techniques, des connaissances et des pratiques [Cetcopra], Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne) et L. Baronian (Centre d’économie de l’Université Sorbonne Paris Nord [CEPN]), le lundi 14 février 2022 au campus Condorcet (Paris), financée par le projet européen H2020- Platform labour in urban spaces (Plus).
Six-month Outcomes and Predictors Following Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Managed by Internists
Authors: Daniel Jaifrin , Hansdak Samuel George , Iyadurai Ramya , Ralph Ravikar , Gunasekaran Karthik , Miraclin T Angel , Jayaseelan Visalakshi , Sudarsanam Thambu David 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. There is an increase in the proportion of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction/unstable angina (NSTEMI/UA) but there is a sparsity of data about the long-term outcome of patients with NSTEMI managed by internists. The long-term outcome and predictors of mortality of individuals with NSTEMI, managed by internists were the subject of the present study.

Methods:
This is a prospective observational cohort study of patients admitted under the internal medicine units with ACS. One hundred forty participants were recruited from April 2016 to July 2017. The various clinical outcomes and all-cause mortality at discharge, 1 month and 6 months were recorded.

Results:
During the study, 132 patients had NTSEMI/UA while 8 had ST-elevation myocardial infarction; 53.2% were men. The mean age was 63.6 ± 11.8 years for NSTEMI/UA. The mean duration of onset of symptoms to primary care was 29.14 ± 34.6 h; 39 (27.9%) presented beyond 48 h. The most frequent comorbidities observed were diabetes mellitus 96 (68.6%), hypertension 94 (67.1%), and dyslipidemia 44 (31.4%). Fifty-two (37.1%) required respiratory support. All patients received Antiplatelet agents and statins. Mortality rates were 9.1%, 13.4%, and 16.1% at discharge, 1-month, and 6 month following admission. The median survival was 161 (147–175) days. Dyslipidemia (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26, 1.15, P = 0.110) and smoking (HR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.16–4.02, P = 0.015) were identified as risk factors which predicted mortality.

Conclusions:
Mortality rates following NSTEMI, managed by internists at our tertiary care hospital was similar to various national and international registries. Smoking and dyslipidemia were predictors of mortality.
Comparative Study on Umbilical Cord Serum Prolactin Levels of Normal Preterm Neonates and Preterm Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Sehra Ram Narain , Krishnan R. Gokul , Verma Suniti 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the most common cause of respiratory distress, morbidity, and mortality associated with premature delivery. Prolactin is present in very high concentrations in amniotic fluid, and prolactin receptors are present in lung preparations. Prolactin acts as a direct trigger of lecithin synthesis or in a “chain reaction” along the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Thus, prolactin seems to have a role in lung maturation along with many other factors through a complex mechanism.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the umbilical cord serum prolactin levels of preterm infants with and without RDS.

Materials and Methods:
This was a hospital-based comparative observational study carried out at neonatal units of the department of pediatric medicine in a tertiary care center from April 2019 to May 2020. Out of a total of 80 preterm infants, 40 developed RDS and other 40 served as controls. Umbilical cord blood prolactin levels in neonates were measured in both groups and compared. Chi-square test and an unpaired Student’s t-test were used for statistical analysis. Probability was considered significant if <0.05.

Results:
The mean weight of babies was 1312.50 ± 134.30 g in the normal preterm group and 1285.80 ± 314.76 g in the preterm RDS group (P = 0.622). The mean gestational age was 32.1 ± 1.39 weeks in the normal preterm group and 31.77 ± 2.10 weeks in the preterm RDS group (P = 0.418). The mean serum prolactin levels were slightly high in the female preterm RDS group (P = 0.533). The mean cord prolactin levels in all the gestational ages were higher in normal preterm as compared to preterm with RDS (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Prolactin level was significantly associated with gestational age and birth weight. Low prolactin levels were significantly associated with the development of RDS in preterm babies. The easily available cord blood can be used to measure prolactin levels at birth to predict RDS.
Posterior Circulation Strokes – Clinico-Radiological Features and Predictors of Outcome at 6 Months
Authors: Jacob Anju Susan , Aaron Sanjith , Mani Sunithi , Abhilash Kundavaram Paul Prabhakar , Mishra Ajay Kumar , Hansdak Samuel George , Iyyadurai Ramya , Mathuram Alice Joan , Ebenezer Sheena Evelyn , Narayana Mahendri V. , Jeyaseelan Visalakshi , Sudarsanam Thambu David 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Posterior circulation stroke (PCS) is often diagnosed late and long-term outcomes have not been described in South India. We wished to study clinical features, long-term outcomes, and independent predictors of the same.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a prospective cohort study in PCS patients from January 2014 to May 2017. Morbidity and mortality at discharge, at 3 months and 6 months was studied. Univariate and multivariate analysis of predictors of poor outcome as well as the survival analysis was computed.

Results:
We recruited 291 PCS during the study period; prevalence of PCS among all strokes was 12.9% in 2014. The mean age was 53.34 years (standard deviation 13.34). Young strokes constituted 28.8%. The common comorbidities were hypertension 72%, diabetes mellitus 52.6%, smoking 38.5%, and dyslipidemia 32.6%. The common presenting symptoms were giddiness 79%, unsteadiness 75.35%, ataxia 56%, motor deficits 48.8% and nausea and vomiting 43%. Most were Ischemic strokes (86.5%); 10.3% gave a history of preceding TIAs. Common arteries involved were posterior cerebral 45%, posterior inferior cerebellar 38%, and basilar artery 19.2%. Among ischemic strokes, large artery atherosclerosis was 50.8%. Dysphagia was seen in 32.6% and sepsis in 19.2%; post stroke pain in 23%, followed by cognition decline in 10.3%. Bad outcome (modifies Rankins score 4–6) was 16.8% at discharge, 16.4% at 1 month, 14.4% at 3 months, and 13.8% at 6 months. Independent predictors of bad outcomes at 6 months were baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (Odds ratio [OR] 1615.59 confidence interval [CI] 27.64–94447.7), invasive ventilation (OR 7.77 CI 1.57–38.43), sepsis (OR 17.22 CI 1.45–204.08), and basilar artery involvement (OR 19.98 CI 1.67–238.81). Baseline NIHSS scores between 0 and 5 suggest a good outcome while scores more than 13 suggest a bad outcome at 6 months. At 6 months, half are unemployed.

Conclusions:
The prevalence, clinical features, and comorbidities were also similar to previous studies. There was good survival at 6 months. NIHSS score is useful in predicting poor outcomes.
A Descriptive Study on the Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associated Sociodemographic Factors among Pregnant Females Attending Primary Health Center in Hisar District, Haryana
Authors: Dhingra Neha , Dube Salil , Saini Ashwani 
Published: January 2024

Context:
Anemia is one of the major public health issues in the world. India carries the highest burden of disease, especially in pregnant and lactating mothers. The predisposing factors include grand multiparity, low socioeconomic status, living conditions, diet, maternal infection, late prenatal care affecting the maternal and neonatal health. It has detrimental effects on maternal and child health.

Aim and Objective:
To estimate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant females attending the Primary Health Centre, Agroha and to determine sociodemographic risk factors associated with anemia in pregnancy.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 270 pregnant females of rural background visiting Primary Health Center of District Hisar.

Materials and Methods:
All the data comprising of sociodemographic profile was gathered using a predesigned and pretested pro forma. Socioeconomic status was evaluated using the Modified B.G. Prasad Scale. Hemoglobin estimation was done using Sahli’s acid hematin method. The cutoff for Hb level was taken from standard guidelines.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were first entered in Microsoft Excel 10 and then was further exported to the PASW Statistics for Windows version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago). Association between two or more variables was determined by the Chi-square test and Fisher’s test. Degree of relationship among variables was determined by correlation coefficient.

Results:
The overall prevalence of anemia came out to be 70% among pregnant females, out of which 37.4% were mild anemic followed by 31.9% as moderate and 0.7 as severe anemic.

Conclusions:
This study showed that although preventable, anemia is still prevalent in our society it remains a major risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality.