bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual effects of intermittent or continuous L‐DOPA administration on gene expression in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus of adult rats with a unilateral 6‐OHDA lesion
Authors: Nielsen Kirsten M. , Soghomonian Jean‐Jacques 
Published: June 2003

AbstractIntermittent oral doses of levodopa (L‐DOPA) are routinely used to treat Parkinson's disease, but with prolonged use can result in adverse motor complications, such as dyskinesia. Continuous administration of L‐DOPA achieves therapeutic efficacy without producing this effect, yet the molecular mechanisms are unclear. This study examined, by in situ hybridization histochemistry, the effects of continuous or intermittent L‐DOPA administration on gene expression in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus of adult rats with a unilateral 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway. Results were compared to 6‐OHDA‐treated rats receiving vehicle. Our results provide original evidence that continuous L‐DOPA normalizes the 6‐OHDA‐lesion‐induced increase in mRNA levels encoding for the 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in neurons of the globus pallidus and cytochrome oxidase subunit I mRNA levels in the subthalamic nucleus. The extent of normalization did not differ between the continuous and intermittent groups. In addition, intermittent L‐DOPA induced an increase in the mRNA levels encoding for the 65 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in globus pallidus neurons ipsilateral to the lesion and a bilateral increase in c‐fos mRNA expression in the subthalamic nucleus. These results suggest that continuous L‐DOPA tends to normalize the 6‐OHDA‐lesion‐induced alterations in cell signaling in the pallido‐subthalamic loop. On the other hand, we propose that chronic intermittent L‐DOPA exerts a dual effect by normalizing cell signaling in a subpopulation of neurons in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus while inducing abnormal signaling in another subpopulation. Synapse 49:246–260, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Displacement of the PET ligand 18F‐MPPF by the electrically evoked serotonin release in the rat hippocampus
Authors: Rbah Latifa , Leviel Vincent , Zimmer Luc 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe effects of the electrically evoked serotonin release were evaluated on the binding of 18F‐MPPF in the hippocampus of anesthetized rats. The specific binding of 18F‐MPPF was measured by an implanted β‐microprobe and the serotonin (5‐HT) extracellular concentration was measured by microdialysis under the same conditions. Our results showed that the 10‐, 20‐, or 30‐min electrical stimulation of the raphe nucleus elicited a significant increase in extracellular 5‐HT, only detectable in the presence of a 5‐HT reuptake inhibitor in the perfusate (5 μM clomipramine). Interestingly, the raphe stimulations were associated with a 27–76% reversible decrease of the 18F‐MPPF specific binding in the hippocampus, but an unchanged extracellular 18F‐MPPF collected in dialysates. Considered together, these observations suggest that 18F‐MPPF binding is sensitive to 5‐HT released at a neuronal level. This compartment, explored by the β‐microprobe, is probably distinct from the extracellular compartment, explored by microdialysis. Synapse 49:239–245, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anticataleptic activity of cathinone and MDMA (Ecstasy) upon acute and subchronic administration in rat
Authors: Banjaw Mehret Yerdaw , Mayerhofer Andreas , Schmidt Werner J. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractIt was recently demonstrated that acute administration of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphet‐amine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”) is capable of counteracting haloperidol‐induced catalepsy in rats. The present study was done with another psychostimulant, S‐(−)‐cathinone. In these experiments, 32 male Sprague‐Dawley rats, 225 ± 25 g, were used. They were divided into three groups. All groups received 0.5 mg/kg haloperidol in normal saline (s.c.) as a first injection. Then 30 min later each group received either isotonic phosphate‐buffered saline, 1 mg/kg S‐(−)‐cathinone, or 2.5 mg/kg (RS)‐MDMA (s.c.) as a second injection. The results of descent latency on both the horizontal bar and vertical grid showed that S‐(−)‐cathinone or (RS)‐MDMA upon acute administration induces a strong anticataleptic activity (P < 0.0001) compared to rats treated with haloperidol plus vehicle. The effect of both drugs was later masked upon subchronic administration (days 2–7, 26–29). This is probably due to sensitization of cataleptic behavior. However, when the same groups of rats were tested on day 8 in a different task, i.e., open‐field, they showed a significant difference (P < 0.05). The detailed mechanism of the observed strong anticataleptic activity of S‐(−)‐cathinone (which is considered a potent dopamine releaser) requires further investigation. Synapse 49:232–238, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of an adenosine A2A receptor blockade in the nucleus accumbens on locomotion, feeding, and prepulse inhibition in rats
Authors: Nagel Jens , Schladebach Henning , Koch Michael , Schwienbacher Isabel , Müller Christa E. , Hauber Wolfgang 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe nucleus accumbens (NAc) subserves behaviors governed by natural rewards, i.e., feeding or exploration, and has been implicated in control of prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of sensorimotor gating. The present study sought to determine whether a tonic stimulation of adenosine A2A receptors in the rat NAc is involved in control of spontaneous locomotor activity, feeding behavior, and PPI. To this end, bilateral microinfusions of a prodrug (MSX‐3) (3 μg and 5 μg in 1 μl per side) of the selective A2A receptor antagonist MSX‐2 or vehicle (1 μl per side) were administered into the NAc. Results show that blockade of intra‐NAc adenosine A2A receptors by a high (5 μg), but not by a low (3 μg), dose of MSX‐3 increased locomotor activity in an open field, reduced food intake, and delayed intake onset in food‐deprived rats examined in a test cage with standard laboratory chow. Furthermore, PPI was significantly disrupted after intra‐NAc infusion of 5 μg, but not 3 μg, MSX‐3. These findings suggest that locomotor activity as well as intact PPI and feeding behavior rely on tonic activation of intra‐NAc A2A receptors. The data add further support to the view that adenosine is a tonically active modulator of striatal function through actions on A2A receptors. Synapse 49:279–286, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An 8‐day extensive elemental, but not contextual, fear conditioning potentiates hippocampal‐lateral septal synaptic efficacy in mice
Authors: Desmedt Aline , Garcia René , Jaffard Robert 
Published: June 2003

AbstractPrevious findings have suggested a critical role for hippocampal‐lateral septal (HPC‐LS) synaptic transmission in the modulation of elemental vs. contextual fear conditioning. Pharmacologically‐ or electrophysiologically‐induced increases in HPC‐LS neurotransmission were shown to be associated with both an increase in elemental and a decrease in contextual fear conditioning. However, elemental conditioning, induced by an unconditional stimulus (US) that was explicitly paired with a simple conditional stimulus (CS), did not result in any change in this neurotransmission when two tone CS‐footshock US pairings were provided. The present experiment was thus designed to investigate directly, in mice, whether extensive elemental conditioning (repeated CS‐US pairings) could induce an increase in HPC‐LS neurotransmission. For that purpose, over 8 days, an elemental conditioning group was repeatedly submitted to CS‐US pairings in either one context (A) or another (B) depending on the training day. Hence, whichever the context, the tone CS was the relevant predictive stimulus for the occurrence of the footshock US. In contrast, a contextual conditioning group was submitted to the same regimen except that the US was delivered only in context A and was never paired with the CS, making, thereby, the context A the relevant predictor for the US regardless of the occurrence of the tone CS. Results show that during re‐exposure of the animals to either context A or B, a significant increase in HPC‐LS neurotransmission was selectively associated with the repeated elemental conditioning. This study supports the idea that changes in HPC‐LS neurotransmission may modulate the strength of simple CS‐US associations, and suggests that alterations of hippocampal functioning might be involved. Synapse 49:270–278, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An automated pottery archival and reconstruction system
Authors: Kampel Martin , Sablatnig Robert 
Published: June 2003

AbstractMotivated by the current requirements of archaeologists, we are developing an automated archival system for archaeological classification and reconstruction of ceramics. Our system uses the profile of an archaeological fragment, which is the cross‐section of the fragment in the direction of the rotational axis of symmetry, to classify and reconstruct it virtually. Ceramic fragments are recorded automatically by a 3D measurement system based on structured (coded) light. The input data for the estimation of the profile is a set of points produced by the acquisition system. By registering the front and the back views of the fragment the profile is computed and measurements like diameter, area percentage of the complete vessel, height and width are derived automatically. We demonstrate the method and give results on synthetic and real data. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NRC 3D imaging technology for museum and heritage applications
Authors: Taylor J. , Beraldin J.‐A. , Godin G. , Cournoyer L. , Baribeau R. , Blais F. , Rioux M. , Domey J. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe National Research Council of Canada (NRC) has developed and patented three high‐resolution 3D imaging systems and processing algorithms which have been applied to a wide range of museum and heritage recording applications. The systems have been designed for different imaging applications and, in collaboration with a number of national and international museums and cultural agencies, have been used to scan a wide variety of objects and sites. The objective of this paper is to present a summary of the 3D technology and examples of its heritage applications. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reconstruction of dynamic 3D scene based on visual hull and view morphing
Authors: Yang Hyun S. , Han Taewoo , Lee Juho 
Published: June 2003

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new method that processes multiple synchronized video sequences and generates 3D rendering of dynamic objects in the video. It exploits an efficient image‐based reconstruction scheme that constructs and shades 3D models of objects from silhouette images by combining image‐based visual hull and view morphing. The proposed hybrid method improves the speed and the quality of the previous visual hull sampling methods. We designed and implemented a system based on this method which is relatively low cost and does not require any special hardware or specific environment. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ArtShop: an art‐oriented image‐processing tool for cultural heritage applications
Authors: Cappellini V. , Barni M. , Corsini M. , De Rosa A. , Piva A. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAdvances in electronic imaging over recent years have encouraged the development of new tools for cultural heritage applications. In this paper a software application called ArtShop is described, containing some tools for artwork image restoration, developed during several years of research at the Image and Communications Laboratory of the University of Florence. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Truth and credibility as a double ambition: reconstruction of the built past, experiences and dilemmas
Authors: Bakker Geeske , Meulenberg Frans , Rode Jan de 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe reconstruction of our historical heritage involves a few fundamental problems. We mention only two. There can be many interpretations of scientific data which can result in different reconstructions: however, the appearance of an image or animation in a digital format out of context is nearly always misleading. Therefore, the verisimilitude of the computer‐based image should be questioned in the same manner as a picture in a journal, but the digital medium seldom facilitates this questioning. Furthermore, the diffusion of visualizations raises concerns; currently there is no established ontology to moderate the process. This article is based on our own experiences and attempts to contribute to this ontology. In this, scientific ‘truth’ will go hand in hand with artistic credibility, which to many may come as a surprise. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aida's flutes
Authors: CRUZ GABRIELA 
Published: June 2003

After years spent reflecting on Western imperial practices, critic Edward
Said wrote that Giuseppe Verdi's Aida is ‘a kind of curatorial art’,
a workwhose rigorous and unbending frame recall[s], with relentless mortuary logic, a precise
historical moment and a specifically dated aesthetic form, an imperial spectacle designed to
alienate and impress an almost exclusively European audience.
Comparing notes: Amelia/Maria and the ‘larve del passato’
Authors: CAMPANA ALESSANDRA 
Published: June 2003

In his recent book on Hamlet, Stephen Greenblatt writes:What
there is again and again in Shakespeare, … is a sense that ghosts, real or imagined, are good
theatre – indeed, that they are good for thinking about theatre's
capacity to fashion realities, to call realities into question, to tell compelling stories, to
puncture the illusions that these stories generate, and to salvage something on the other side of
disillusionment.
Learning to curse at sixty-seven
Authors: TOMLINSON GARY 
Published: June 2003

What makes Bernard Shaw, for us, the most perfect of Wagnerites
is that he did not mince words when he judged the master to have taken a wrong turn. Such a
turn came in Das Rheingold, and Shaw was quick to expose it, even though he had just
spent a chapter elaborating the profound political allegory he discerned in the work:In the midst of these far-reaching ideas, it is amusing to find Wagner still full of his ingrained
theatrical professionalism, and introducing effects which now seem old-fashioned and stagey
with as much energy and earnestness as if they were his loftiest inspirations. When Wotan
wrests the ring from Alberic, the dwarf delivers a lurid and blood-curdling stage curse,
calling down on its every future possessor care, fear, and death. The musical phrase
accompanying this outburst was a veritable harmonic and melodic bogey to mid-century
ears, though time has now robbed it of its terrors. It sounds again when Fafnir slays Fasolt,
and on every subsequent occasion when the ring brings death to its holder. This episode
must justify itself purely as a piece of stage sensationalism. On deeper ground it is
superfluous and confusing, as the ruin to which the pursuit of riches leads needs no curse
to explain it; nor is there any sense in investing Alberic with providential powers in the
matter.
Kava-Kava
Authors: Loew Dieter , Gaus Wilhelm 
Published: June 2003

ZusammenfassungEin kalter wässriger Auszug aus Kava-Kava-Wurzelstock wird seit Jahrhunderten traditionell wegen seiner angst- und aggressionslösenden Wirkung auf den Inseln des Pazifiks in vernünftigen Mengen ohne hepatotoxische Wirkungen getrunken. Im Verteilungsmuster der Kavapyrone sind wässriger und industriell hergestellter ethanolischer und acetonischer Auszug vergleichbar. In klinisch-pharmakologischen Studien unterscheiden sich Kava-Extrakte im Wirkprofil von den Benzodiazepinen. Klinischen Studien, die nach GCP-Richtlinien durchgeführt wurden, belegen die Wirksamkeit ausreichend. Nach Auswertung der berichteten hepatotoxischen Fälle ist das im Widerruf mit Sofortvollzug seitens des BfArM aufgeführte Risiko nicht nachvollziehbar, weshalb die Kommission E klare Empfehlungen zur Anwendung von Kava-Kava-Extrakten ausgesprochen hat.
The conjugacy problem for groups, and Higman embeddings
Authors: Ol’shanskii A. , Sapir M. 
Published: June 2003

For every finitely generated recursively presented group

G

{\mathcal G}

we construct a finitely presented group

H

{\mathcal H}

containing

G

{\mathcal G}

such that

G

{\mathcal G}

is (Frattini) embedded into

H

{\mathcal H}

and the group

H

{\mathcal H}

has solvable conjugacy problem if and only if

G

{\mathcal G}

has solvable conjugacy problem. Moreover,

G

{\mathcal G}

and

H

{\mathcal H}

have the same r.e. Turing degrees of the conjugacy problem. This solves a problem by D. Collins.
SiteLight: Binding‐site prediction using phage display libraries
Authors: Halperin Inbal , Wolfson Haim , Nussinov Ruth 
Published: June 2003

AbstractPhage display enables the presentation of a large number of peptides on the surface of phage particles. Such libraries can be tested for binding to target molecules of interest by means of affinity selection. Here we present SiteLight, a novel computational tool for binding site prediction using phage display libraries. SiteLight is an algorithm that maps the 1D peptide library onto a three‐dimensional (3D) protein surface. It is applicable to complexes made up of a protein Template and any type of molecule termed Target. Given the three‐dimensional structure of a Template and a collection of sequences derived from biopanning against the Target, the Template interaction site with the Target is predicted. We have created a large diverse data set for assessing the ability of SiteLight to correctly predict binding sites. SiteLight predictive mapping enables discrimination between the binding and nonbinding parts of the surface. This prediction can be used to effectively reduce the surface by 75% without excluding the binding site. In 63% of the cases we have tested, there is at least one binding site prediction that overlaps the interface by at least 50%. These results suggest the applicability of phage display libraries for automated binding site prediction on three‐dimensional structures. For most effective binding site prediction we propose using a random phage display library twice, to scan both binding partners of a given complex. The derived peptides are mapped to the other binding partner (now used as a Template). Here, the surface of each partner is reduced by 75%, focusing their relative positions with respect to each other significantly. Such information can be utilized to improve docking algorithms and scoring functions.
Protein stability induced by ligand binding correlates with changes in protein flexibility
Authors: Celej María Soledad , Montich Guillermo G. , Fidelio Gerardo D. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe interaction between ligands and proteins usually induces changes in protein thermal stability with modifications in the midpoint denaturation temperature, enthalpy of unfolding, and heat capacity. These modifications are due to the coupling of unfolding with binding equilibrium. Furthermore, they can be attained by changes in protein structure and conformational flexibility induced by ligand interaction. To study these effects we have used bovine serum albumin (BSA) interacting with three different anilinonaphthalene sulfonate derivatives (ANS). These ligands have different effects on protein stability, conformation, and dynamics. Protein stability was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy, whereas conformational changes were detected by circular dichroism and infrared spectroscopy including kinetics of hydrogen/deuterium exchange. The order of calorimetric midpoint of denaturation was: 1,8‐ANS‐BSA > 2,6‐ANS‐BSA > free BSA >> (nondetected) bis‐ANS‐BSA. Both 1,8‐ANS and 2,6‐ANS did not substantially modify the secondary structure of BSA, whereas bis‐ANS induced a distorted α‐helix conformation with an increase of disordered structure. Protein flexibility followed the order: 1,8‐ANS‐BSA < 2,6‐ANS‐BSA < free BSA << bis‐ANS‐BSA, indicating a clear correlation between stability and conformational flexibility. The structure induced by an excess of bis‐ANS to BSA is compatible with a molten globule‐like state. Within the context of the binding landscape model, we have distinguished five conformers (identified by subscript): BSA1,8‐ANS, BSA2,6‐ANS, BSAfree, BSAbis‐ANS, and BSAunfoldedamong the large number of possible states of the conformational dynamic ensemble. The relative population of each distinguishable conformer depends on the type and concentration of ligand and the temperature of the system.
Unique stabilizing interactions identified in the two‐stranded α‐helical coiled‐coil: Crystal structure of a cortexillin I/GCN4 hybrid coiled‐coil peptide
Authors: Lee Darin L. , Ivaninskii Sergei , Burkhard Peter , Hodges Robert S. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractWe determined the 1.17 Å resolution X‐ray crystal structure of a hybrid peptide based on sequences from coiled‐coil regions of the proteins GCN4 and cortexillin I. The peptide forms a parallel homodimeric coiled‐coil, with Cα backbone geometry similar to GCN4 (rmsd value 0.71 Å). Three stabilizing interactions have been identified: a unique hydrogen bonding–electrostatic network not previously observed in coiled‐coils, and two other hydrophobic interactions involving leucine residues at positions e and g from both g‐a' and d‐e' interchain interactions with the hydrophobic core. This is also the first report of the quantitative significance of these interactions. The GCN4/cortexillin hybrid surprisingly has two interchain Glu‐Lys' ion pairs that form a hydrogen bonding network with the Asn residues in the core. This network, which was not observed for the reversed Lys‐Glu' pair in GCN4, increases the combined stability contribution of each Glu‐Lys' salt bridge across the central Asn15‐Asn15′ core to ∼0.7 kcal/mole, compared to ∼0.4 kcal mole−1 from a Glu‐Lys' salt bridge on its own. In addition to electrostatic and hydrogen bonding stabilization of the coiled‐coil, individual leucine residues at positions e and g in the hybrid peptide also contribute to stability by 0.7 kcal/mole relative to alanine. These interactions are of critical importance to understanding the stability requirements for coiled‐coil folding and in modulating the stability of de novo designed macromolecules containing this motif.