bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Widefield Diamond Quantum Sensing with Neuromorphic Vision Sensors
Authors: Du Zhiyuan , Gupta Madhav , Xu Feng , Zhang Kai , Zhang Jiahua , Zhou Yan , Liu Yiyao , Wang Zhenyu , Wrachtrup Jörg , Wong Ngai , Li Can , Chu Zhiqin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite increasing interest in developing ultrasensitive widefield diamond magnetometry for various applications, achieving high temporal resolution and sensitivity simultaneously remains a key challenge. This is largely due to the transfer and processing of massive amounts of data from the frame‐based sensor to capture the widefield fluorescence intensity of spin defects in diamonds. In this study, a neuromorphic vision sensor to encode the changes of fluorescence intensity into spikes in the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) measurements is adopted, closely resembling the operation of the human vision system, which leads to highly compressed data volume and reduced latency. It also results in a vast dynamic range, high temporal resolution, and exceptional signal‐to‐background ratio. After a thorough theoretical evaluation, the experiment with an off‐the‐shelf event camera demonstrated a 13× improvement in temporal resolution with comparable precision of detecting ODMR resonance frequencies compared with the state‐of‐the‐art highly specialized frame‐based approach. It is successfully deploy this technology in monitoring dynamically modulated laser heating of gold nanoparticles coated on a diamond surface, a recognizably difficult task using existing approaches. The current development provides new insights for high‐precision and low‐latency widefield quantum sensing, with possibilities for integration with emerging memory devices to realize more intelligent quantum sensors.
Unleashing the Potential of MXene‐Based Flexible Materials for High‐Performance Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Zhou Yunlei , Yin Liting , Xiang Shuangfei , Yu Sheng , Johnson Hannah M. , Wang Shaolei , Yin Junyi , Zhao Jie , Luo Yang , Chu Paul K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince the initial discovery of Ti3C2 a decade ago, there has been a significant surge of interest in 2D MXenes and MXene‐based composites. This can be attributed to the remarkable intrinsic properties exhibited by MXenes, including metallic conductivity, abundant functional groups, unique layered microstructure, and the ability to control interlayer spacing. These properties contribute to the exceptional electrical and mechanical performance of MXenes, rendering them highly suitable for implementation as candidate materials in flexible and wearable energy storage devices. Recently, a substantial number of novel research has been dedicated to exploring MXene‐based flexible materials with diverse functionalities and specifically designed structures, aiming to enhance the efficiency of energy storage systems. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the synthesis and fabrication strategies employed in the development of these diverse MXene‐based materials is provided. Furthermore, an in‐depth analysis of the energy storage applications exhibited by these innovative flexible materials, encompassing supercapacitors, Li‐ion batteries, Li–S batteries, and other potential avenues, is conducted. In addition to presenting the current state of the field, the challenges encountered in the implementation of MXene‐based flexible materials are also highlighted and insights are provided into future research directions and prospects.
Critical Review on Crystal Orientation Engineering of Antimony Chalcogenide Thin Film for Solar Cell Applications
Authors: Li Ke , Tang Rongfeng , Zhu Changfei , Chen Tao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe emerging antimony chalcogenide (Sb2(SxSe1−x)3, 0 ≤x≤ 1) semiconductors are featured as quasi‐1D structures comprising (Sb4S(e)6)nribbons, this structural characteristic generates facet‐dependent properties such as directional charge transfer and trap states. In terms of carrier transport, proper control over the crystal nucleation and growth conditions can promote preferentially oriented growth of favorable crystal planes, thus enabling efficient electron transport along (Sb4S(e)6)nribbons. Furthermore, an in‐depth understanding of the origin and impact of the crystal orientation of Sb2(SxSe1−x)3films on the performance of corresponding photovoltaic devices is expected to lead to a breakthrough in power conversion efficiency. In fact, there are many studies on the orientation control of Sb2(SxSe1−x)3colloidal nanomaterials. However, the synthesis of Sb2(SxSe1−x)3thin films with controlled facets has recently been a focus in optoelectronic device applications. This work summarizes methodologies that are applied in the fabrication of preferentially oriented Sb2(SxSe1−x)3films, including treatment strategies developed for crystal orientation engineering in each process. The mechanisms in the orientation control are thoroughly analyzed. An outlook on perspectives for the future development of Sb2(SxSe1−x)3solar cells based on recent research and issues on orientation control is finally provided.
Modulating Smart Mechanoluminescent Phosphors for Multistimuli Responsive Optical Wood
Authors: Luo Jiangcheng , Ren Biyun , Zhang Xianhui , Zhu Mingju , Liang Tianlong , Huang Zefeng , Zheng Yuantian , Li Xu , Li Jianwei , Zheng Zitong , Chen Bing , Fu Yu , Tu Dong , Wang Yu , Jia Yanmin , Peng Dengfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMechanoluminescence is a smart light‐emitting phenomenon in which applied mechanical energy is directly converted into photon emissions. In particular, mechanoluminescent materials have shown considerable potential for applications in the fields of energy and sensing. This study thoroughly investigates the mechanoluminescence and long afterglow properties of singly doped and codoped Sr2MgSi2O7(SMSO) with varying concentrations of Eu2+ and Dy3+ ions. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of its multimode luminescence properties, including photoluminescence, mechanoluminescence, long afterglow, and X‐ray‐induced luminescence, is conducted. In addition, the density of states mapping is acquired through first‐principles calculations, confirming that the enhanced mechanoluminescence properties of SMSO primarily stem from the deep trap introduced by Dy3+. In contrast to traditional mixing with Polydimethylsiloxane, in this study, the powders are incorporated into optically transparent wood to produce a multiresponse with mechanoluminescence, long afterglow, and X‐ray‐excited luminescence. This structure is achieved by pretreating natural wood, eliminating lignin, and subsequently modifying the wood to overall modification using various smart phosphors and epoxy resin composites. After natural drying, a multifunctional composite wood structure with diverse luminescence properties is obtained. Owing to its environmental friendliness, sustainability, self‐power, and cost‐effectiveness, this smart mechanoluminescence wood is anticipated to find extensive applications in construction materials and energy‐efficient displays.
Fine‐Tuning X‐Ray Sensitivity in Organic–Inorganic Hybrids via an Unprecedented Mixed‐Ligand Strategy
Authors: Lu Huangjie , Zheng Zhaofa , Hou Huiliang , Bai Yaoyao , Qiu Jie , Wang Jian‐Qiang , Lin Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCrystalline organic–inorganic hybrids, which exhibit colorimetric responses to ionizing radiation, have recently been recognized as promising alternatives to conventional X‐ray dosimeters. However, X‐ray‐responsive organic–inorganic hybrids are scarce and the strategy to fine‐tune their detection sensitivity remains elusive. Herein, an unprecedented mixed‐ligand strategy is reported to modulate the X‐ray detection efficacy of organic–inorganic hybrids. Deliberately blending the stimuli‐responsive terpyridine carboxylate ligand (tpc−) and the auxiliary pba− group with different ratios gives rise to two OD thorium‐bearing clusters (Th‐102 and Th‐103) and a 1D coordination polymer (Th‐104). Notably, distinct X‐ray sensitivity is evident as a function of molar ratio of the tpc− ligand, following the trend of Th‐102 > Th‐103 > Th‐104. Moreover, Th‐102, which is exclusively built from the tpc− ligands with the highest degree of π–π interactions, exhibits the most sensitive radiochromic and fluorochromic responses toward X‐ray with the lowest detection limit of 1.5 mGy. The study anticipates that this mixed‐ligand strategy will be a versatile approach to tune the X‐ray sensing efficacy of organic–inorganic hybrids.
Photochemical Action Plots Reveal the Fundamental Mismatch Between Absorptivity and Photochemical Reactivity
Authors: Walden Sarah L. , Carroll Joshua A. , Unterreiner Andreas‐Neil , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOver the last years, the authors' laboratory has employed monochromatic tuneable laser systems to reveal a fundamental mismatch between the absorptivity of a chromophore and its photochemical reactivity for the vast majority of covalent bond forming reactions as well as specific bond cleavage reactions. In the general chemistry community, however, the long‐held assumption pervades that effective photochemical reactions are obtained in situations where there is strong overlap between the absorption spectrum and the excitation wavelength. The current Perspective illustrates that the absorption spectrum of a molecule only provides information about electronic excitations and remains entirely silent on other energy redistribution mechanisms that follow, which critically influence photochemical reactivity. Future avenues of enquiry on how action plots can be understood are proposed and the importance of action plots for tailoring photochemical applications with never‐before‐seen precision is explored.
Shortcut‐to‐Adiabatic Controlled‐Phase Gate in Rydberg Atoms
Authors: Yagüe Bosch Luis S. , Ehret Tim , Petiziol Francesco , Arimondo Ennio , Wimberger Sandro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA shortcut‐to‐adiabatic protocol for the realization of a fast and high‐fidelity controlled‐phase gate in Rydberg atoms is developed. The adiabatic state transfer, driven in the high‐blockade limit, is sped up by compensating nonadiabatic transitions via oscillating fields that mimic a counterdiabatic Hamiltonian. High fidelities are obtained in wide parameter regions. The implementation of the bare effective counterdiabatic field, without original adiabatic pulses, enables to bypass gate errors produced by the accumulation of blockade‐dependent dynamical phases, making the protocol efficient also at low blockade values. As an application toward quantum algorithms, how the fidelity of the gate impacts the efficiency of a minimal quantum‐error correction circuit is analyzed.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Skeletal Rearrangement of Substituted 2‐Silylaryl Triflates via 1,5‐C−Pd/C−Si Bond Exchange
Authors: Hayashi Daigo , Tsuda Tomohiro , Shintani Ryo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed skeletal rearrangement of 2‐(2‐allylarylsilyl)aryl triflates has been developed to give highly fused tetrahydrophenanthrosilole derivatives via unprecedented 1,5‐C−Pd/C−Si bond exchange. The reaction pathways can be switched toward 4‐membered ring‐forming C(sp2)−H alkylation by tuning the reaction conditions to give completely different products, fused dihydrodibenzosilepin derivatives, from the same starting materials. The inspection of the reaction conditions revealed the importance of carboxylates in promoting the C−Pd/C−Si bond exchange.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Decarboxylative Acylation: Rapid, Modular Access to α‐Amino Ketones**
Authors: Gao Yang , Baran Phil S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA new approach to the enantiocontrolled synthesis of α‐amino ketone derivatives is disclosed by employing a decarboxylative acylation strategy. Thus, when an acyl chloride and an α‐amido‐containing redox‐active ester are exposed to a nickel catalyst, chiral ligand, and metal reductant, α‐amido ketones are produced in good yield and high ee. The reaction exhibits broad substrate scope, can be easily scaled up, and is applied to dramatically simplify the synthesis of several known structures.
Dual Photo‐Responsive Diphenylacetylene Enables PET In‐Situ Upcycling with Reverse Enhanced UV‐Resistance and Strength
Authors: Fan Li‐Xia , Chen Lin , Zhang Hua‐Yu , Xu Wen‐Hao , Wang Xiu‐Li , Xu Shimei , Wang Yu‐Zhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA novel in situ chemical upcycling strategy for plastic waste is proposed by the customized diphenylacetylene monomer with dual photo‐response. That is, diphenylacetylene reactive monomers are in situ inserted into the macromolecular chain of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics/fibers through one‐pot transesterification of slight‐depolymerization and re‐polymerization. On the one hand, the diphenylacetylene group absorbs short‐wave high‐energy UV rays and then releases long‐wave low‐energy harmless fluorescence. On the other hand, the UV‐induced photo‐crosslinking reaction among diphenylacetylene groups produces extended π‐conjugated structure, resulting in a red‐shift (due to decreased HOMO–LUMO separation) in the UV absorption band and locked crosslink points between PET chains. Therefore, with increasing UV exposure time, the upcycled PET plastics exhibit reverse enhanced UV resistance and mechanical strength (superior to original performance), instead of serious UV‐photodegradation and damaged performance. This upcycling strategy at oligomer‐scale not only provides a new idea for traditional plastic recycling, but also solves the common problem of gradual degradation of polymer performance during use.
A Sulfur Monoxide Surrogate Designed for the Synthesis of Sulfoxides and Sulfinamides**
Authors: Austrup David , Saito Fumito 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSulfur monoxide (SO) is a highly reactive species that cannot be isolated in bulk. However, SO can play a pivotal role as a fundamental building block in organic synthesis. Reported herein is the design and application of a sulfinylhydrazine reagent as an easily prepared sulfur monoxide surrogate. We show facile thermal SO transfer from this reagent to dienes where a reaction using a mechanistic probe suggests the generation of singlet SO. Combined with Grignard reagents and appropriate carbon or nitrogen electrophiles, the reagent serves as an effective “SO” donor to enable the one‐pot, three‐component synthesis of sulfoxides and sulfinamides.
Synergistic Nitrogen Binding Sites in a Metal‐Organic Framework for Efficient N2/O2 Separation
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Shang Hua , Zhai Bolun , Zhao Zhiwei , Wang Yong , Li Libo , Li Jinping , Yang Jiangfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPorous materials with d3 electronic configuration open metal sites have been proved to be effective adsorbents for N2 capture and N2/O2 separation. However, the reported materials remain challenging to address the trade‐off between adsorption capacity and selectivity. Herein, we report a robust MOF, MIL‐102Cr, that features two binding sites, can synergistically afford strong interactions for N2 capture. The synergistic adsorption site exhibits a benchmark Qst of 45.0 kJ mol−1 for N2 among the Cr‐based MOFs, a record‐high volumetric N2 uptake (31.38 cm3 cm−3), and highest N2/O2 selectivity (13.11) at 298 K and 1.0 bar. Breakthrough experiments reveal that MIL‐102Cr can efficiently capture N2 from a 79/21 N2/O2 mixture, providing a record 99.99 % pure O2 productivity of 0.75 mmol g−1. In situ infrared spectroscopy and computational modelling studies revealed that a synergistic adsorption effect by open Cr(III) and fluorine sites was accountable for the strong interactions between the MOF and N2.
Dynamic Oscillation and Motion of Oil‐in‐Water Emulsion Droplets
Authors: Krishna Mani Sanjana , Al‐Tooqi Sulaiman , Song Jiaqi , Sapre Aditya , Zarzar Lauren D. , Sen Ayusman 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe interplay of interfacial tensions on droplets results in a range of self‐powered motions that mimic those of living systems and serve as a tunable model to understand their complex non‐equilibrium behavior. Spontaneous shape deformations and oscillations are crucial features observed in nature but difficult to incorporate in synthetic artificial systems. Here, we report sessile oil‐in‐water emulsions that exhibit rapid oscillating behavior. The oscillations depend on the nature and concentration of the surfactant, the chemical composition of the oil, and the wettability of the solid substrate. The rapid changes in the contact angle per oscillation are observed using side‐view optical microscopy. We propose that the changes in the interfacial tension of the oil droplets is due to the partitioning of the surfactant into the oil phase and the movement of self‐emulsified oil out of the parent droplets giving rise to the rhythmic variation in droplet contact‐line. The ability to control and understand droplet oscillation can help model similar oscillations in out‐of‐equilibrium systems in nature and reproduce biomimetic behavior in artificial systems for various applications, such as microfluidic lab‐on‐a‐chip and adaptive materials.
Formation of Nigella Sativa L. seed oil nanoemulsion‐based delivery systems by sonication: Factors affecting particle size and stability
Authors: Khorami Mahsa , Nasr‐Esfahani Mojtaba , Rahimi Somayeh , Aarabi Aazam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to their unique functional properties, nanoemulsions help enrich many hydrophobic compounds in water‐based beverages. In this study, using two nonionic surfactants (Tween 40 and Tween 80), separately, nanoemulsions containing Nigella Sativa L. oil were prepared by ultrasound method and tested to determine their size, polydispersity index, morphology, turbidity, and stability during 60 days of storage. In this study, the type of nonionic surfactants used significantly affected the average droplet diameter in the formed systems. Hence, Tween 40 produced tiny droplets, while using Tween 80 produced larger droplets. The comparison of the mean particle sizes by the Duncan method at a 95% confidence level showed that the effect of different surfactant concentrations (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt%) on the particle size was significant. The results showed that the lowest particle size corresponding to the formulation with 4 wt% Tween 40 and the 15‐min sonication was 59.2 nm, and the particle size distribution was monomodal. The results indicated that in the absence of a cosurfactant (glycerol), both pasteurization and boiling processes increased in particle size. However, adding glycerol before the thermal process improved the thermal stability of the samples. The results of this study revealed that ultrasound could be used to prepare nanoemulsions with microscopic particles in the nanometer size without high concentrations of synthetic surfactants.
Enhanced dielectric and mechanical properties of polylactic acid/polycaprolactone blends by introducing double‐layer carbon nanofillers
Authors: Tu Jiaying , Chu Cen , Gao Yifei , Wang Zhenfeng , Xu Pei , Ding Yunsheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo overcome the issues of poor toughness and low dielectric constant associated with PLA, which limit its application in the electronics industry, we introduced an insulating polydopamine (PDA) layer on the surface of core‐shell nickel‐coated carbon nanotube (Ni‐CNT) and nickel‐coated graphene (Ni‐GRA). Through a double‐layer structural design approach, we successfully prepared polylactic acid (PLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) blends that exhibit high dielectric constant (ε’) and low dielectric loss (tanδ). This innovative design led to impressive impact strengths of 29.41 kJ/m2 for PLA/PCL/4Ni‐GRAs and 22.54 kJ/m2 for PLA/PCL/4Ni‐CNTs. PDA enhanced the interfacial interactions between the filler and matrix, which improved the dispersion of Ni‐CNTs and Ni‐GRAs and contributed to the mechanical properties of the PLA/PCL blends. Simultaneously, PLA/PCL/4Ni‐CNTs and PLA/PCL/4Ni‐GRAs exhibited commendable integrated dielectric properties. The PDA@fillers form microcapacitors with the polymer matrix and the conductive Ni layer enhances ε’ and reduces the conductivity difference between fillers. Furthermore, the insulating PDA layer contributed to improved dispersion, inhibition of charge carrier migration, and reduction in tanδ. At 1000 Hz, the ε′ of PLA/PCL/4Ni‐CNTs and PLA/PCL/4Ni‐GRAs increased to 88.3 and 124.6, respectively, and the tanδ values remained below 1, indicating minimal dielectric loss. This provides a promising direction for eco‐friendly materials with enhanced dielectric and mechanical properties.
Incongruent ontogenetic maturity indicators in a Late Triassic archosaur (Aetosauria: Typothorax coccinarum)
Authors: Parker William G. , Reyes William A. , Marsh Adam D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMaximum individual body size in pseudosuchian archosaurs is not well constrained in the fossil record, but it may be influenced by a variety of factors including basal metabolic rate, evolutionary relationships, and environmental conditions. Body size varies among the Aetosauria in which estimated total length ranges between 1 m (e.g., Coahomasuchus kahleorum) and 5 m (e.g., Desmatosuchus spurensis). A new, very large specimen of the aetosaurian Typothorax coccinarum from Petrified Forest National Park in northeastern Arizona is nearly twice the size of all other known specimens of Typothorax and is the largest aetosaur specimen currently known worldwide. The specimen lacks co‐ossified neurocentral sutures in the trunk vertebrae which may suggest that the individual had not yet reached skeletal maturity, yet smaller specimens of T. coccinarum exhibit partially or fully co‐ossified neurocentral sutures in the same region. If body size correlates with skeletal maturity in aetosaurs, this discrepancy warns that timing of neurocentral suture co‐ossification in aetosaurs may not be a reliable indicator of ontogenetic stage. Osteohistological observations of a trunk rib demonstrate that although PEFO 42506 shows a large body size, the specimen did not deposit an external fundamental system despite depositing as many as 19 growth lines, further indicating that it had not yet reached skeletal maturity. Thus, at least within Aetosauria, neurocentral suture co‐ossification and skeletal maturity may correlate, whereas body size can be incongruent in comparison. Furthermore, this specimen indicates that non‐desmatosuchin aetosaurs could exhibit large body sizes and suggests that some aetosaurs may have experienced indeterminate growth.
Effectiveness of group acceptance and commitment therapy in treating depression for acute stroke patients
Authors: Liu Yun‐E , Lv Jin , Sun Fang‐Zhen , Liang Jing‐Jing , Zhang Ying‐Ying , Chen Jie , Jiang Wei‐Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo date, the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for acute stroke patients has not been well recognized. The study aimed to discover the effectiveness of group‐based ACT in treating depression for acute stroke patients.MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial with 140 acute stroke patients with depression. The ACT intervention comprised seven sessions, of 45–60 min over 4 weeks. Data were collected pre‐ and post‐intervention and at 3‐month follow‐up, assessing depression, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), psychological flexibility, cognitive fusion, sleep quality, and confidence.ResultsOverall, 99.3% of the included patients were assessed as having mild depression. The ACT intervention significantly reduced depression in acute stroke patients in comparison with the control group post‐intervention and at 3 months (partial ). Additionally ACT significantly improved HRQoL‐mental component summary, sleep quality, psychological flexibility, cognitive fusion, and confidence compared with control group.ConclusionsACT is effective in treating acute stroke patients with depression, and the efficacy was maintained at 3‐month follow‐up.