bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An empirical investigation into the preferences of the elderly for user interface design in personal electronic health record systems
Authors: Zhang Sainan , Song Jisung 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundWith the continuous advancement of digital technologies, electronic Personal Health Records (ePHR) offer end-users greater control and convenience over their health data. Although ePHR are perceived as innovative tools in medical services that provide patient-centered care and disease prevention, many system interfaces are inclined toward younger users, overlooking investigations pertinent to elderly users. Our objective is to uncover the preferences of the elderly for an ideal ePHR system interface.Materials and methodsRelying on a literature review, we identified six interface attributes. Utilizing conjoint analysis, we constructed 16 representative design scenarios based on orthogonal design by combining different attribute levels. We invited 187 elderly participants to evaluate these scenarios. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0. The results indicate that among the ePHR interface design attributes, the elderly prioritize color attributes, followed by the notification method. Designs with contrasting color schemes, skeuomorphic design approaches, and icon-centric menu navigation with segmented layouts, and voice notifications when a message is received, are the most preferred interface design choices.DiscussionThis research elucidates the ideal interface design elements for ePHR as perceived by the elderly, offering valuable references for age-friendly design considerations in ePHR systems.ResultsImplementing these insights can aid in promoting mobile health services among the elderly demographic, enhancing their user experience in health management interfaces. This, in turn, fosters the widespread adoption of mobile health service technologies, further advancing the development of a healthy aging society.
Increasing impact of North Atlantic Ocean circulation on sedimentary processes along the passive Galicia Margin (NW Spain) over the past 40 million years
Authors: Haberkern Julia , Hanebuth Till J. J. , Spiess Volkhard , Schwenk Tilmann 
Published: January 2024

Off the Northwestern Iberian Peninsula, the vigorous bottom-current regime interacts with a complex seafloor topography inside the Galicia Interior Basin (GIB), which was tectonically shaped during the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean basin in Cretaceous times. The evolving North Atlantic Ocean circulation determined the depositional pattern of the basin fill over time, which can, in turn, be utilized as palaeoceanographic archive. This study reconstructs the evolution of the GIB sedimentary system since the mid-Eocene, namely, resulting from interplay between down- and along-slope sediment-transport processes, using high-resolution multichannel seismic data. Six major depositional stages are identified and connected to the evolution of the North Atlantic Ocean circulation. 1) Levelling of topography shows that the influence of contourparallel bottom currents on the depositional pattern steadily intensified since the mid-Eocene; 2) The strengthening of Northern Component Water (NCW), associated with the opening of the Faeroe-Shetland Basin in the late Eocene, is documented along the southwestern European continental margin for the first time by the onset of a plastered contourite drift; 3) A shift in the depocenters provide evidence that the closure of the Tethys-Indian Seaway led to Tethys Outflow Water into the Atlantic Ocean at intermediate ocean depths in the Miocene; 4) Until the mid-Miocene, the tectonic stress regime initially associated with the Pyrenean Orogeny and the following Betic Orogeny led to both sets of small-scale faulting systems as well as submarine mass wasting indicated by slope scarps and mass-transport deposits; 5) The onset of modern-style Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) after the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.3 Ma) caused a distinct change in the depositional dynamics from combined along- and down-slope transport processes towards predominantly contouritic deposition, which is evident from the construction of several separated mounded contouritic drifts that formed during Pliocene and early Pleistocene times; and 6) The contourite drift growth continued during the middle and late Pleistocene, but under a gaining influence of down-slope processes.
The what, where, who, why, which, and how of collaborative play involving autistic children in educational context: a contextual inquiry
Authors: Hijab Mohamad Hassan Fadi , Khattab Shaza , Al Aswadi Nahwan , Neves Joselia , Qaraqe Marwa , Othman Achraf , Alsulaiti Noora , Al-Thani Dena 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIn educational settings, autistic children often encounter barriers to engaging in collaborative play. Notably, play is an important component of a child’s development, and its pedagogical significance has been rigorously researched. This study endeavored to understand the dynamics of collaborative play among autistic children across various learning contexts, examining usual methodologies, associated challenges, and potential technological constraints influencing the collaborative play among autistic children.MethodsThe study was conducted in two diverse environments, an inclusive international school and a center for children with disabilities, both located in Qatar, and both with a significant population of autistic children. The data was gathered through a series of 45 interviews with a diverse group of proxies, including therapists, teachers, and parents. Furthermore, 48 observation sessions were conducted with the autistic children in both settings. The data from the interviews and observation sessions were analyzed using inductive reasoning to perform a thematic analysis.ResultsThe study elicited six key themes from the interviews, coined as ‘5 W-H’, which encompassed the aspects of who (Actor), where (Location), what (Tool), why (Purpose), which (Sense), and how (Process) in terms of how collaborative play was conducted. From the observation sessions, another four themes were derived, which centered on collaborative play, potential for collaboration, coordinated activity, and collaborative activity.DiscussionThe findings of this study provide valuable insights into the practice of collaborative play among autistic children, serving as a useful resource to guide future research agenda and educational practices. Understanding these dynamics can aid in developing more effective educational strategies and technologies to enhance the collaborative learning experiences of autistic children.
Effect of supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Chen TingRui , Wang Jing , Liu ZeKun , Gao Fei 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe effectiveness of probiotics or synbiotics in adults with metabolic syndromes (MetS) remains controversial, this meta-analysis will further analyze the effects of probiotics or synbiotics on cardiovascular factors in adults with MetS.MethodsWe searched Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and other databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of probiotics or synbiotics on MetS in adults up to July 2023, and used RevMan 5.4.0 software for statistical analysis.ResultsThis analysis included eleven RCTs (n = 608 participants), and the results showed that compared with the control group, supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics reduced body mass index (weighted mean difference, WMD = -0.83, 95% CI = [-1.21, -0.44], P &lt;0.0001, n = 9), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) (standard mean difference, SMD = -0.24, 95% CI = [-0.41, -0.08], P = 0.004, n = 10), fasting blood glucose (FBG)(SMD = -0.17, 95% CI = [-0.33, -0.01], P = 0.03, n = 11), but had no beneficial effect on systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = 1.24, 95% CI = [-2.06, 4.54], P = 0.46, n = 8) in MetS patients.ConclusionSupplementation with probiotics or synbiotics can reduce BMI, LDL-c, FBG in patients with MetS, but our findings did not demonstrate a favorable effect on reducing SBP. Future studies with larger samples and longer intervention periods are needed.
Identification and characterization of CLEC11A and its derived immune signature in gastric cancer
Authors: Zheng Qing , Gong Zhenqi , Li Baizhi , Cheng Runzi , Luo Weican , Huang Cong , Wang Huaiming 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionC-type lectin domain family 11 member A (CLEC11A) was characterized as a growth factor that mainly regulates hematopoietic function and differentiation of bone cells. However, the involvement of CLEC11A in gastric cancer (GC) is not well understood.MethodsTranscriptomic data and clinical information pertaining to GC were obtained and analyzed from publicly available databases. The relationships between CLEC11A and prognoses, genetic alterations, tumor microenvironment (TME), and therapeutic responses in GC patients were analyzed by bioinformatics methods. A CLEC11A-derived immune signature was developed and validated, and its mutational landscapes, immunological characteristics as well as drug sensitivities were explored. A nomogram was established by combining CLEC11A-derived immune signature and clinical factors. The expression and carcinogenic effects of CLEC11A in GC were verified by qRT−PCR, cell migration, invasion, cell cycle analysis, and in vivo model analysis. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), M2 macrophages, and T cells in tumor samples extracted from mice were analyzed utilizing flow cytometry analysis.ResultsCLEC11A was over-expressed in GC, and the elevated CLEC11A expression indicated an unfavorable prognosis in GC patients. CLEC11A was involved in genomic alterations and associated with the TME in GC. Moreover, elevated CLEC11A was found to reduce the benefit of immunotherapy according to immunophenoscore (IPS) and the tumor immune dysfunction, exclusion (TIDE). After validation, the CLEC11A-derived immune signature demonstrated a consistent ability to predict the survival outcomes in GC patients. A nomogram that quantifies survival probability was constructed to improve the accuracy of prognosis prediction in GC patients. Using shRNA to suppress the expression of CLEC11A led to significant inhibitions of cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion, as well as a marked reduction of in vivo tumor growth. Moreover, the flow cytometry assay showed that the knock-down of CLEC11A increased the infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and helper CD4+ T into tumors while decreasing the percentage of M2 macrophages, MDSCs, and Tregs.ConclusionCollectively, our findings revealed that CLEC11A could be a prognostic and immunological biomarker in GC, and CLEC11A-derived immune signature might serve as a new option for clinicians to predict outcomes and formulate personalized treatment plans for GC patients.
Radiofrequency ablation plays double role in immunosuppression and activation of PBMCs in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Yang , Yang Tongwang , Ouyang Yabo , Rao Wei , Liu Kai , Zheng Jiasheng , Lv Fudong , Shi Ying , Wang Feng , Liu Dongjie , Qiao Luxin , Xia Zhenying , Zhang Yushi , Chen Dexi , Wang Wenjing 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundRadiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the primary curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who are not eligible for surgery. However, the effects of RFA on the global tumor immune response remain unclear.MethodIn this study, we examined the phenotypic and functional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from recurrent HCC patients who had undergone two RFA treatments using mass cytometry and high-throughput mRNA assays. ResultsWe observed significant increase in monocytes and decrease in T cell subpopulations three days after the first RFA treatment and three days after the second RFA treatment. The down-regulation of GZMB, GZMH, GZMK, and CD8A, which are involved in the cytotoxic function of T cells, was observed following RFA. Furthermore, the population of CD8 effector and memory T cells (CD8 Teff and CD8 Tem) significantly decreased after RFA. The expression of CD5 and CD161 in various T cell subpopulations also showed significant reductions. Additionally, elevated secretion of VEGF was observed in monocytes, B cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and CD4 naive T cells. ConclusionIn recurrent HCC patients, serum components derived from radiofrequency therapy can enhance the antigen-presenting capacity of monocytes. However, they also inhibit the anti-cancer immune response by reducing the population of CD8 effector and memory T cells and suppressing the activation of T cells, as well as down-regulating the expression of CD161 and CD5 in various T cell subpopulations. These tumor-derived components also contribute to an immunosuppressive microenvironment by promoting the secretion of VEGF in monocytes, Tregs, B cells, and CD4 naive T cells.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node immune cells during acute and chronic viral infections
Authors: Jin Yubei , He Yudan , Liu Bing , Zhang Xiaohui , Song Caimei , Wu Yunchen , Hu Wenjing , Yan Yiwen , Chen Nuo , Ding Yingying , Ou Yuanyuan , Wu Yixiu , Zhang Mingxia , Xing Shaojun 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe host immune response determines the differential outcome of acute or chronic viral infections. The comprehensive comparison of lymphoid tissue immune cells at the single-cell level between acute and chronic viral infections is largely insufficient.MethodsTo explore the landscape of immune responses to acute and chronic viral infections, single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq), scTCR-seq and scBCR-seq were utilized to evaluate the longitudinal dynamics and heterogeneity of lymph node CD45+ immune cells in mouse models of acute (LCMV Armstrong) and chronic (LCMV clone 13) viral infections.ResultsIn contrast with acute viral infection, chronic viral infection distinctly induced more robust NK cells and plasma cells at the early stage (Day 4 post-infection) and acute stage (Day 8 post-infection), respectively. Moreover, chronic viral infection exerted decreased but aberrantly activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) at the acute phase. Simultaneously, there were significantly increased IgA+ plasma cells (MALT B cells) but differential usage of B-cell receptors in chronic infection. In terms of T-cell responses, Gzma-high effector-like CD8+ T cells were significantly induced at the early stage in chronic infection, which showed temporally reversed gene expression throughout viral infection and the differential usage of the most dominant TCR clonotype. Chronic infection also induced more robust CD4+ T cell responses, including follicular helper T cells (Tfh) and regulatory T cells (Treg). In addition, chronic infection compromised the TCR diversity in both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells.DiscussionIn conclusion, gene expression and TCR/BCR immune repertoire profiling at the single-cell level in this study provide new insights into the dynamic and differential immune responses to acute and chronic viral infections.
Composition and concentration of suspended matter in the Zhongsha Great Atoll, South China Sea, before and during the summer monsoon
Authors: Yan Wenwen , Du Jun , Gu Dongqi , Wang Yongzhi , Xu Guoqiang , Wang Guanxun , Sun Yonggen , Li Ping , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2024

Suspended matter in seawater carries abundant nutrients and carbon, playing a significant role in carbon cycle and ecosystem in many oceanic settings such as atolls. The Zhongsha Great Atoll (hereafter ZGA), located in the deep South China Sea, sustains a both regionally and globally important ecosystem. Characteristic of the suspended matter in this area, however, remains poorly investigated. Using a data set encompassing temperature, salinity, depth, and suspended matter concentration (hereafter SMC) of seawater collected respectively in May 2019 (spring-summer monsoon transition period) and June 2020 (summer monsoon outbreak period) in the ZGA, the main components and spatial distribution of suspended matter together with their influencing factors were comprehensively analyzed. Our results show that the components of suspended matter vary widely in space and include more than 20 types of materials such as planktonic remains and biogenic siliceous debris. During the transit between spring and summer monsoons, the SMC in seawater was generally low, with an average value of approximately 3.26 mg L-1, which decreased from the surface to the middle layer and then increased to deep waters; Horizontally, the SMC in the west was generally higher than that in the east likely because the wind-driven current transport significant amounts of particles from the east to the west. During the 2020 summer monsoon outbreak, average SMC in this area was 6.27 mg L-1, higher than that during the 2019 spring-summer monsoon transit. Moreover, significantly higher SMC in the 1-100 m layer and lower SMC in the 150 m layer were observed in the west. Owing to the impact of mesoscale eddies, low SMC in the surface layer and high concentrations in the bottom layer can occur in parts of the ZGA, leading to the deepening of the west-high and east-low distribution layers of SMC during the 2020 summer monsoon outbreak. Notably, we for the first time have observed an anomalously high SMC in the 1–100 m layer of the northwest area during the 2020 summer monsoon outbreak. This anomaly is higher than any previously reported values in the South China Sea and can be attributed to the multiple monsoon impacts. Sources of suspended matter, topography, currents, and wind field were identified as the main factors influencing the spatial distribution of SMC in this area. Our findings provide a basic context for understanding the sources and dynamics of suspended material in atolls.
Deep convolutional network-based chest radiographs screening model for pneumoconiosis
Authors: Li Xiao , Xu Ming , Yan Ziye , Xia Fanbo , Li Shuqiang , Zhang Yanlin , Xing Zhenzhen , Guan Li 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPneumoconiosis is the most important occupational disease all over the world, with high prevalence and mortality. At present, the monitoring of workers exposed to dust and the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis rely on manual interpretation of chest radiographs, which is subjective and low efficiency. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, a more objective and efficient computer aided system for pneumoconiosis diagnosis can be realized. Therefore, the present study reported a novel deep learning (DL) artificial intelligence (AI) system for detecting pneumoconiosis in digital frontal chest radiographs, based on which we aimed to provide references for radiologists.MethodsWe annotated 49,872 chest radiographs from patients with pneumoconiosis and workers exposed to dust using a self-developed tool. Next, we used the labeled images to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm developed for pneumoconiosis screening. Finally, the performance of the trained pneumoconiosis screening model was validated using a validation set containing 495 chest radiographs.ResultsApproximately, 51% (25,435/49,872) of the chest radiographs were labeled as normal. Pneumoconiosis was detected in 49% (24,437/49,872) of the labeled radiographs, among which category-1, category-2, and category-3 pneumoconiosis accounted for 53.1% (12,967/24,437), 20.4% (4,987/24,437), and 26.5% (6,483/24,437) of the patients, respectively. The CNN DL algorithm was trained using these data. The validation set of 495 digital radiography chest radiographs included 261 cases of pneumoconiosis and 234 cases of non-pneumoconiosis. As a result, the accuracy of the AI system for pneumoconiosis identification was 95%, the area under the curve was 94.7%, and the sensitivity was 100%.ConclusionDL algorithm based on CNN helped screen pneumoconiosis in the chest radiographs with high performance; thus, it could be suitable for diagnosing pneumoconiosis automatically and improve the efficiency of radiologists.
A study on the improvement in the ability of endoscopists to diagnose gastric neoplasms using an artificial intelligence system
Authors: Zhang Bojiang , Zhang Wei , Yao Hongjuan , Qiao Jinggui , Zhang Haimiao , Song Ying 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundArtificial intelligence-assisted gastroscopy (AIAG) based on deep learning has been validated in various scenarios, but there is a lack of studies regarding diagnosing neoplasms under white light endoscopy. This study explored the potential role of AIAG systems in enhancing the ability of endoscopists to diagnose gastric tumor lesions under white light.MethodsA total of 251 patients with complete pathological information regarding electronic gastroscopy, biopsy, or ESD surgery in Xi’an Gaoxin Hospital were retrospectively collected and comprised 64 patients with neoplasm lesions (excluding advanced cancer) and 187 patients with non-neoplasm lesions. The diagnosis competence of endoscopists with intermediate experience and experts was compared for gastric neoplasms with or without the assistance of AIAG, which was developed based on ResNet-50.ResultsFor the 251 patients with difficult clinical diagnoses included in the study, compared with endoscopists with intermediate experience, AIAG’s diagnostic competence was much higher, with a sensitivity of 79.69% (79.69% vs. 72.50%, p = 0.012) and a specificity of 73.26% (73.26% vs. 52.62%, p &lt; 0.001). With the help of AIAG, the endoscopists with intermediate experience (&lt;8 years) demonstrated a relatively higher specificity (59.79% vs. 52.62%, p &lt; 0.001). Experts (≥8 years) had similar results with or without AI assistance (with AI vs. without AI; sensitivities, 70.31% vs. 67.81%, p = 0.358; specificities, 83.85% vs. 85.88%, p = 0.116).ConclusionWith the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) systems, the ability of endoscopists with intermediate experience to diagnose gastric neoplasms is significantly improved, but AI systems have little effect on experts.
Fish oil supplementation, physical activity and risk of incident Parkinson’s disease: results of longitudinal analysis from the UK Biobank
Authors: Lin Fabin , Shi Yisen , Zheng Jiayi , Li Yueping , Chen Xuanjie , Zou Xinyang , Hong Yi , Chen Ke , Zeng Yuqi , Ye Qinyong , Chen Xiaochun , Chen Xinyan , Wang Yingqing , Cai Guoen 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveEvidence on the individual and combined relationship of physical activity (PA) and fish oil supplement use on the incidence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk remains lacking.Materials and methodsThis UK population-based prospective cohort study, involving 385,275 UK Biobank participants, collected PA and fish oil supplement data via touchscreen questionnaires. Using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines to examined the associations between use of fish oil supplements, PA and PD risk.ResultsDuring a median 12.52-year follow-up, 2,131 participants incident PD. Analysis showed that fish oil supplement users had a lower PD risk [hazard ratio (HR), 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.82–0.98]. The adjusted HRs for the PD incidence were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.95–0.98) for total PA; 0.93 (95% CI, 0.90–0.96) for moderate PA; 0.95 (95% CI, 0.91–0.99) for vigorous PA and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89–0.98) for walking activity. Significant interactions were found between fish oil supplement use and total PA (P for interaction = 0.011), moderate PA (P for interaction = 0.015), and walking activity (P for interaction = 0.029) in relation to PD incidence.ConclusionBoth fish oil supplement use and PA were associated with a reduced risk of PD, and the effect of PA in reducing the risk of PD was more pronounced when fish oil supplement was used.