bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical redlining and survival among children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer diagnosed between 2000–2019 in Seattle and Tacoma, Washington
Authors: Karvonen Kristine A. , Doody David R. , Barry Dwight , Bona Kira , Winestone Lena E. , Rosenberg Abby R. , Mendoza Jason A. , Schwartz Stephen M. , Chow Eric J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundHistorical redlining has been associated with inferior survival in adult‐onset cancers. However, its relationship with pediatric, adolescent, and young–adult‐onset cancer outcomes is unknown.MethodsThis study identified incident cancer among individuals <40 years of age living in Seattle and Tacoma between 2000–2019 via the population‐based Cancer Surveillance System. The authors determined case redlining status using Home Owners’ Loans Corporation data overlaid with 2000 and 2010 census tracts. Kaplan–Meier methods and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival and hazard ratio (HR) of death according to redlined status. Cox models adjusted for patient and tumor characteristics and area‐level poverty; interaction between redlining and area‐level poverty was also assessed.ResultsAmong 4355 cases (median age at diagnosis 32 years), overall survival at 5 years was lower (85.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 83.5%–86.5%) among individuals residing in redlined neighborhoods compared with those in unexposed neighborhoods (90.3%; 95% CI, 89.0%–91.5%). Survival differences persisted at 10 years. The unadjusted hazard of death for redlined exposed individuals with cancer was higher than redlined unexposed (hazard ratio [HR], 1.62; 95% CI, 1.39–1.89). In the fully adjusted model, mortality remained higher for redlined cases (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.12–1.56). There did not appear to be effect modification from area‐level poverty in the relationship between redlining and death (p = .49).ConclusionsAmong young individuals with cancer, residence at diagnosis in previously redlined neighborhoods was associated with lower survival compared with those residing in nonredlined neighborhoods, supporting the hypothesis that structural racism exerts persistent effects on contemporary health outcomes.
An Effective Resource Allocation Framework for D2D Communication in 5G Wireless Personal Area Network With Hybrid Optimizer
Authors: Wu Xiaobin , Vijayaraj A. , Sarhan Nadia , Chanthirasekaran K. , Awwad Emad Mahrous , Ali Guma 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAllocating resources in an energy‐effective method for the development of 5G networks. Energy efficiency in D2D communication is another challenge. Less energy usage is needed for devices to communicate with one another. D2D communication frequently uses more energy than conventional communication techniques. This is one of the major challenges of D2D transmission that needs to be resolved. To address these challenges, a new energy‐effective resource allocation system for D2D transmission in 5G WPAN is presented in this paper. The primary goal of the presented task is to enhance the average power effectiveness of the entire links of D2D, thus ensuring the service quality of the cellular user equipments (CUEs) and the constraints of energy harvesting (EH) in the D2D connections. Problems such as D2D user equipments (DUEs), spectrum, resource block allocation, and time slot allocation are used in D2D communication. To rectify these problems, this work derived an average energy efficiency issue. Moreover, this work joins the spectrum and power block allocation. Then, the EH time slot allocation is executed based on the Hybrid Gazelle with Walrus Optimization (HGWO). The extensive analysis outcomes illustrate that the implemented HGWO optimization‐aided model attains more energy efficacy for distinct network attribute settings.
Isoliquiritigenin Protects Against Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice by Inhibiting Advanced Glycation End Product–Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Product Axis
Authors: Shi Qiwen , Zhou Tao , Hou Wenjun , Zhou Yuqi , Deng Shufen , Song Ying 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDiabetes nephropathy (DN) is a severe diabetic chronic microvascular complication and the major cause of end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). Our study aimed to investigate the effects of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) a natural flavonoid compound on DN and to explore the underlying mechanisms. The db/db mice were received intragastric treatments of ISL (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg), vehicle or positive drug metformin (300 mg/kg) once a day for 12 weeks, and the db/m mice treated with vehicle were used as controls. ISL significantly ameliorated pathological changes and functional injury in the kidneys of db/db mice in a dose‐dependent manner. The administration of 20 mg/kg ISL reduced the levels of serum creatinine (Scr; 49.0 ± 1.7 vs. 56.9 ± 2.9 μmol/L; p < 0.01), blood urine nitrogen (BUN; 9.6 ± 1.3 vs. 12.0 ± 1.1 mmol/L; p < 0.05), albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR; 1925.8 ± 798.1 vs. 4269.4 ± 925.6 μg/mg; p < 0.01) and urinary albumin (276.2 ± 39.9 vs. 576.9 ± 108.9 μg; p < 0.05). Further study identified advanced glycation end product (AGE)–receptor for AGE (RAGE) axis as a target of ISL. ISL (20 mg/kg) lowered renal AGE level (2.5 ± 0.5 vs. 3.8 ± 0.6 μg/mg; p < 0.01) and RAGE expression, leading to improvements in renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. To sum up, our study demonstrated that ISL displayed preventive effects on the experimental model of DN through suppressing AGE–RAGE pathway, and provided some insights into the application of ISL in DN treatment.
Predicting the impact of targeted fence removal on connectivity in a migratory ecosystem
Authors: Schwandner Imogen A. , Morrison Thomas A. , Hopcraft J. Grant C. , Wall Jake , Hughey Lacey , Boone Randall B. , Ogutu Joseph O. , Jakes Andrew F. , Kifugo Shem C. , Limo Campaign , Ndambuki Mwiu Stephen , Nyaga Vasco , Olff Han , Ojwang Gordon O. , Sairowua Wilson , Sasine Jackson , Senteu Jully S. , Sopia Daniel , Worden Jeffrey , Stabach Jared A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFencing is one of the most widely utilized tools for reducing human‐wildlife conflict in agricultural landscapes. However, the increasing global footprint of fencing exceeds millions of kilometers and has unintended consequences for wildlife, including habitat fragmentation, movement restriction, entanglement, and mortality. Here, we present a novel and quantitative approach to prioritize fence removal within historic migratory pathways of white‐bearded wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) across Kenya's Greater Masai Mara Ecosystem. Our approach first assesses historic and contemporary landscape connectivity of wildebeest between seasonal ranges by incorporating two sets of GPS tracking data and fine‐scale fencing data. We then predict connectivity gains from simulated fence removal and evaluate the impact of different corridor widths and locations on connectivity and removal costs derived from locally implemented interventions. Within the study system, we found that modest levels of fence removal resulted in substantial connectivity gains (39%–54% improvement in connectivity for 15–140 km of fence line removed). By identifying the most suitable corridor site, we show that strategically placed narrow corridors outperform larger, more expensive interventions. Our results demonstrate how and where targeted fence removal can enhance connectivity for wildlife. Our framework can aid in identifying suitable and cost‐effective corridor restoration sites to guide decision‐makers on the removal of fences and other linear barriers. Our approach is transferable to other landscapes where the removal or modification of fences or similar barriers is a feasible mitigation strategy to restore habitat and migratory connectivity.
Plant growth strategies and microbial contributions to ecosystem nitrogen retention along a soil acidification gradient
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Ruzhen , Gu Baitao , Liu Heyong , Dijkstra Feike A. , Han Xingguo , Jiang Yong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNitrogen (N) retention is a critical ecosystem function associated with sustainable N supply. Lack of experimental evidence limits our understanding of how grassland N retention can vary with soil acidification. A 15N‐labeling experiment was conducted for 2 years to quantify N retention by soil pathways and plant functional groups across a soil‐acidification gradient in a meadow. The 15N added to the ecosystem was mainly intercepted by the soil (up to 87.3%). Within the soil, 15N recovery in ammonium, dissolved organic N, microbial biomass, and amino sugars (a proxy for microbial necromass) represented approximately 46% of soil‐retained 15N. 15N recovery in these N fractions increased with acidification, highlighting the complexity of microbial N transformations that affect ecosystem N retention. Plant 15N‐retention increased in sedges, decreased in forbs, and was unaffected in grasses with acidification, reflecting their divergent associations with mycorrhizas and sensitivities to soil acidification. Soil microbial biomass was the key variable delineating soil N retention, while sedges were critical for plant N retention, resulting in a clear trade‐off and competition in 15N retention between the two compartments. Overall, acidification might curb N losses by strengthening microbial retention and shifting plant N retention among different plant growth strategies.
Temporal profiling of M‐TEER‐related complications
Authors: Haschemi Jafer , Schrameck Hanna , Haurand Jean Marc , Oehler Daniel , Spieker Maximilian , Voss Fabian , Kelm Malte , Polzin Amin , Horn Patrick 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsTranscatheter edge‐to‐edge repair of the mitral valve (M‐TEER) is known for its low complication rates. However, the optimal level and duration of post‐procedural care remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the specific timeframe of post‐procedural complications following M‐TEER.Methods and resultsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 865 patients who underwent M‐TEER at the University Hospital Düsseldorf between August 2010 and August 2023. Our analysis focused on a comprehensive examination of all acute post‐procedural complications (1–100 h), considering the time point of occurrence or diagnosis. The complication analysed included cardiogenic shock, pericardial tamponade, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias, bleeding, acute kidney injury, myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular ischaemia and in‐hospital mortality.ResultsThe median age was 80 (74, 84) years, and the EuroScore II was high (6.5 [4.0, 12.0] %). Functional mitral regurgitation (MR) was more common than degenerative or mixed MR (69% vs. 20%. respectively; 11%). Technical success rate was 97.2%. Overall, acute post‐procedural complications occurred in 87 patients (10.1%). Most complications (75.9%) occurred within the first 4 h post‐procedure. 12.6% of the complications occurred during the period between 4 and 24 h post‐procedure, and 11.5% of the complications happened between 24 and 100 h post‐procedure. Life‐threatening complications were observed only within the first 4 h post‐procedure.ConclusionsThe majority of post‐procedural complications after M‐TEER occur within the first 4 h, with pericardial tamponade and major bleeding occurring only during this period. These findings provide valuable insight for physicians in determining the optimal surveillance and monitoring duration after M‐TEER within clinical settings.
Association of baseline eGFR and incident heart failure on patients receiving intensive blood pressure treatment
Authors: Haonan Li , Qiaorui He , Wenqing Zhu , Yanjun Zhang , Wangjia Pingcuo , Shikai Yu , Zhuoga Deji , Yi Zhang , Yifan Zhao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsWe aim to elucidate the association of baseline eGFR and incident heart failure on patients receiving intensive BP treatment.Methods and resultsA post hoc analysis was conducted on the SPRINT database. Multivariab le Cox regression and interaction restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were performed to investigate the interaction between baseline eGFR and intensive BP control on heart failure prevention. The primary endpoint focused on incident heart failure. The study cohort comprised 8369 adults with a mean [SD] age of 68 [59–77] years, including 2940 women (35.1%). Over a median [IQR] follow‐up period of 3.9 [2.0–5.0] years, 183 heart failure events were recorded. A significant interaction was observed between baseline eGFR and treatment groups in terms of heart failure prevention (Interaction P = 0.012). The risk of heart failure showed a sharp slope until eGFR = 75 mL/min/1.73 m2 and then became flat by an interaction RCS. Intensive BP treatment did not exhibit a preventive effect on heart failure (HR (95% CI) = 1.03 (0.82–1.52)) when baseline eGFR was 75 mL/min/1.73 m2 or lower. Conversely, when baseline eGFR was higher than 75 mL/min/1.73 m2, a reduced risk of heart failure was observed (HR (95% CI) = 0.65 (0.41–0.98)). Intensive BP control did not increase the incident long‐term dialysis regardless of baseline eGFR but was associated with a higher risk of eGFR reduction.ConclusionsAmong nondiabetic hypertensive patients, baseline eGFR serves as a crucial indicator for assessing the risk reduction potential of intensive BP control in heart failure prevention, with 75 mL/min/1.73 m2 appearing as a suitable cut‐off value.
Composition, Non‐Commutativity, and Vector Decompositions of Finite Rotations
Authors: Dubeau François 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe need to use rotations occurs very often in different domains. We present a basic extensive treatment of rotations in 3D. The results are presented and derived in a coordinate‐free setting, where no frames are required and no components of any matrix are manipulated. We start with the direct problem of establishing the finite rotation formula. Then we consider the composition and the vector decomposition of finite rotations. We conclude the paper by considering the inverse problem namely finding the axis of rotation and the angle of rotation from its effect on vectors.
Eco‐Friendly Extraction and Utilization of Agro Crop Wastes Based Natural Dye for Textile Dyeing
Authors: Amin Nimra , Rehman Fazal‐ur‐ , Adeel Shahid , Ibrahim Muhammad , Mia Rony 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe incorporation of waste plant residues into practical applications, particularly as a sustainable source of green dyes in textiles, is increasingly recommended by the global community. This research investigates the potential of Rangoon creeper flowers and madder roots for silk dyeing through environmentally friendly methodologies. Therefore, extraction procedures were conducted in suitable mediums and applied to the fabric before and after microwave (MW) treatment for durations of up to 10 min. Similarly, response surface methodology was employed to assess the significance of various dyeing parameters, which influence shade development and enhance colorfastness. The results indicate that subjecting acidic binary extracts of Rangoon creeper flowers and madder roots, along with silk fabric, to 6 min of radiation at 700 W is an effective condition for achieving colorfast shades, particularly when applied before and after mordanting with Al, Fe salts, and tannic acid single and their binary solution as eco‐chemical agents. The highest color strength (K/S = 15.0) was obtained using an acidic extract after MW treatment. Hence, evaluation based on standard methods such as ISO protocols for lightfastness, wash fastness, and rub fastness demonstrates that employing selected shades produced under environmentally friendly conditions is both time and energy‐efficient, yielding stable colorfast hues rated from good to excellent. This study suggests that utilizing microwave treatment in addition to statistical methodologies like the central composite design for exploring novel dye‐yielding plants, coupled with eco‐mordanting techniques, holds promise for obtaining desirable colorfast shades.
External Flow Field and Rock Erosion Characteristics of a Coaxial Straight‐Swirling Mixed Jet
Authors: Du Peng , Peng Zhao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRadial jet drilling is an effective technology for mining coal‐bed methane. A self‐propelled jet bit greatly affects drilling efficiency. Simulations and laboratory experiments using a coaxial straight‐swirling mixed jet (CSMJ) were performed to study the flow field and rock erosion characteristics, and analyze laws influencing key structural parameters (straight‐swirling flow ratio N, slot length–width ratio dr/ds, mixing chamber length–diameter ratio Lq/Dq, and linear segment length–diameter ratio Lf/df) on the flow field and rock erosion characteristics, and study the change law of the axial velocity of the flow field under different structural parameters and the distribution law of the three‐dimensional velocity along the radial direction at the non‐dimensional injection distance of 5.56. The CSMJ displayed characteristics of a straight jet, having a high‐velocity area near the axis. The velocity was attenuated with increasing dimensionless jet distance Ls/df. The bit also displayed characteristics of a swirling jet, with an obvious jet diffusion with increased Ls/df. N affected the distribution ratio of the straight and swirling jets, and dr/ds mainly affected CSMJ rotational shear energy. With the centerline velocity and radial distribution of the CSMJ as evaluation indices, the optimal parameters of the CSMJ suitable for self‐propelled drilling were N = 0.46, dr/ds = 3.88, Lq/Dq = 0.67, and Lf/df = 0.56. Optimal flow field parameters also optimized the erosion capability, realizing the mutual verification of experimental and simulation results. The erosion hole crushing volume was used as the evaluation sequence. The parameter's sensitivity to the rock erosion volume was Ls/df > Lq/Dq > dr/ds > N. The results provide engineering guidance for determining reasonable parameters for radial jet drilling.
Recent Advances in Detection and Control Strategies for Foodborne Bacteria in Raw and Ready‐to‐Eat Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Abdelshafy Asem M. , Younis Hala A. , Osman Ahmed I. , Hussein Saleh M. , El‐Ela Amr S. Abou , Mahmoud Elsayed A. , Elsherbiny Osama , Rashwan Ahmed K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe prevalence of foodborne outbreaks due to the consumption of uncooked and ready‐to‐eat fruits and vegetables has seen a noticeable increase, particularly in environments lacking sanitation. This article extensively explores recent advancements in the detection of foodborne pathogens in uncooked and ready‐to‐eat fruits and vegetables, alongside potential prevention strategies. Predominantly, pathogens like Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica are the main culprits in outbreaks linked to these food items globally. Notably, contamination is more prevalent in fresh leafy greens than in fruit products. Various detection methods such as culturing, microscopy, immunological assays, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), biosensors, and hyperspectral imaging have proven effective in identifying pathogens in these foods. Nonetheless, these methods come with challenges, including time consumption, accuracy concerns, and high costs. Research is ongoing to refine these detection techniques, with efforts including combining methodologies like PCR–enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and integrating culturing with PCR. Additionally, several interventions, including cold plasma treatment, ultraviolet irradiation, and the application of edible coatings, have shown promise in mitigating contamination risks, thereby enhancing the safety of these fresh produce items.
Long‐Term Post‐Stroke Cognition in Patients With Minor Ischemic Stroke is Related to Tract‐Based Disconnection Induced by White Matter Hyperintensities
Authors: Lopes Renaud , Kuchcinski Grégory , Dondaine Thibaut , Duron Loïc , Mendyk Anne‐Marie , Hénon Hilde , Cordonnier Charlotte , Pruvo Jean‐Pierre , Bordet Régis , Leclerc Xavier 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOver a third of minor stroke patients experience post‐stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), but no validated tools exist to identify at‐risk patients early. This study investigated whether disconnection features derived from infarcts and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) could serve as markers for short‐ and long‐term cognitive decline in first‐ever minor ischemic stroke patients. First‐ever minor ischemic stroke patients (NIHSS ≤ 7) were prospectively followed at 72‐h, 6 months, and 36 months post‐stroke with cognitive tests and brain MRI. Infarct and WMH volumes were semi‐automatically assessed on DWI and FLAIR sequences. Bayesian tract‐based disconnection models estimated remote pathological effects of infarcts and WMH. Associations between disconnection features and cognitive outcomes were analyzed using canonical correlation analyses, adjusted for age, education, and multiple comparisons. Among 105 patients (31% female, mean age 63 ± 12 years), infarct volume averaged 10.28 ± 17.10 cm3 and predominantly involved the middle cerebral artery territory (83%). WMH burden was higher in frontal periventricular white matter. Infarct‐based features did not significantly relate to PCSI. However, a WMH‐derived disconnection factor, involving commissural and frontal tracts, and the right superior longitudinal fasciculus, was significantly associated with PSCI at 6 months (OR = 9.96, p value = 0.02) and 36 months (OR = 12.27, p value = 0.006), particularly in executive/attention, language, and visuospatial domains. This factor, unrelated to WMH volume, outperformed demographic and clinical predictors of PSCI. WMH‐induced disconnection may be associated with short‐ and long‐term PSCI in minor stroke. Routine MR‐derived features could identify at‐risk patients for rehabilitation trials.
The Prevalence and Determinants of Waterpipe and Cigarette Smoking Among Medical Sciences Students Living in Dormitories in Southern Iran
Authors: Ghanbari‐Jahromi Mohadeseh , Mobasheri Farzaneh , Nikbakht Hossein‐Ali , Rezaei Fatemeh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsTobacco use among students is one of the most alarming problems throughout the world. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of cigarette and waterpipe smoking as well as their determinants among students in dormitories of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted on 293 students living in the dormitories of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences using random sampling method. A researcher‐made questionnaire was used, which included demographic characteristics and patterns of cigarette and waterpipe smoking. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors related to cigarette and waterpipe smoking.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 20.99 ± 1.74 years and 49.8% of them were male. The mean age at the initiation of cigarette and waterpipe smoking was 15.53 ± 4.33 and 16.60 ± 3.01 years, respectively. The prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 6.48% and that of waterpipe smoking was 8.53%. In addition, 10.24% and 17.06% of the participants reported ever use of cigarette and waterpipe smoking, respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of tobacco smoking was higher in male students than in females (8.22% vs. 4.76% for cigarette smokers and 11% vs. 6.12% for waterpipe smokers). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between having cigarette‐smoker family members and having cigarette‐smoker friends with cigarette smoking. Also, waterpipe smoking was associated with having cigarette‐smoker family members and having waterpipe smoker friends (p < 0.05).ConclusionTobacco use is relatively high among medical students. Since the family and social factors are related to cigarette and waterpipe smoking, the family and society should be informed about the dangers of cigarettes and waterpipe smoking. It is also emphasized that students with risk factors be identified.