bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between clonal hematopoiesis-related gene mutations and unfavorable functional outcome in patients with large-artery atherosclerotic stroke
Authors: Qiu Xin , Weng Jiaxu , Jiang Yingyu , Cui Lingyun , Gu Hongqiu , Jiang Yong , Dai Yalun , Li Hao , Wang Yongjun , Li Zixiao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a phenomenon that characterizes individuals with somatic mutations that are related to hematologic malignancy but without hematologic abnormalities. Presence of CHIP is associated with the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease through the activation of the interleukin 6 (IL-6) pathway; however, its role on unfavorable functional outcomes in different etiologies of ischemic stroke remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between CHIP-related gene mutations and unfavorable functional outcomes of ischemic stroke with different etiologies.

Methods
We prospectively studied a cohort of 3396 stroke patients with identified etiologies, and identified CHIP and the presence of the IL6R variant (IL6R p.Asp358Ala) by whole-genome sequencing. The IL6R p.Asp358Ala coding mutation was used as a genetic inhibition for IL-6 signaling. The primary outcome was unfavorable functional outcome [(Modified Rankin Scale), mRS 2–6] at 3 months.

Results
Of the 3396 patients, 110 (3.2%) were CHIP carriers and the median age was 62 years (IQR, 54.0–69.0). The CHIP increased the risk of unfavorable functional outcome among patients with hyper-inflammation status of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) > median levels in patients with large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.00–5.98, p = 0.049, pinteraction = 0.01). Presence of IL6R variant (IL6R p.Asp358Ala) could attenuate the risk of unfavorable functional outcome only in patients with CHIP (OR 0.30, 95%CI 0.12–0.76, p = 0.01, pinteraction = 0.02), and especially in LAA patients with CHIP (OR 0.1, 95%CI 0.02–0.42, p = 0.002; pinteraction = 0.001).

Conclusion
CHIP is associated with unfavorable functional outcomes in patients with LAA stroke and hyper-inflammation. Genetic IL-6 signaling inhibition might attenuate the risk of unfavorable functional outcomes in CHIP carriers, especially in LAA stroke patients.
Evaluating culture and arts from an economic point of view: calculation of the cultural GDP of Kyoto Prefecture in 2015
Authors: Heming Zhang , Taku Ishiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to evaluate the culture and arts of Kyoto Prefecture through the calculation of its cultural GDP in 2015. The method for calculating the cultural GDP in Japan is mainly based on the criterion of the UNESCO Culture Satellite Account (CSA). Results reveal that the ratio of the cultural GDP to the total GDP in Kyoto Prefecture (about 2.0%) is slightly higher than that of the whole country in Japan (about 1.8%) and each domain shows different characteristics from the national situation. Considering the growth strategies of cultural industries formulated by Japanese government, Kyoto Prefecture should focus on developing its competitive tertiary industry and vigorously promote its cultural industries as well as activate the development of the traditional culture.
A systematic review assessing incorporation of prophylactic splenic artery embolisation (pSAE) into trauma guidelines for the management of high-grade splenic injury
Authors: Clements Warren , Fitzgerald Mark , Chennapragada S. Murthy , Mathew Joseph , Groombridge Christopher , Ban Ee Jun , Lukies Matthew W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Splenic artery embolisation (SAE) has become a vital strategy in the modern landscape of multidisciplinary trauma care, improving splenic salvage rates in patients with high-grade injury. However, due to a lack of prospective data there remains contention amongst stakeholders as to whether SAE should be performed at the time of presentation (prophylactic or pSAE), or whether patients should be observed, and SAE only used only if a patient re-bleeds. This systematic review aimed to assess published practice management guidelines which recommend pSAE, stratified according to their quality.

Methods
The study was registered and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched by the study authors. Identified guidelines were graded according to the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II (AGREE-II) instrument.

Results
Database and internet searches identified 1006 results. After applying exclusion criteria, 28 guidelines were included. The use of pSAE was recommended in 15 guidelines (54%). This included 6 out of 9 guidelines that were high quality (66.7%), 4 out of 9 guidelines that were moderate quality (44.4%), and 3 out of 10 (30%) guidelines that were low quality, p = 0.275.

Conclusions
This systematic review showed that recommendation of pSAE is more common in guidelines which are of high quality. However, there is vast heterogeneity of recommended practice guidelines, likely based on individual trauma systems rather than the available evidence. This reflects biases with interpretation of data and lack of multidisciplinary system inputs, including from interventional radiologists.
Association between miR-138-5p, miR-132-3p, SIRT1, STAT3, and CD36 and atherogenic indices in blood mononuclear cells from patients with atherosclerosis
Authors: Ehsani Samira , Mard‑Soltani Maysam , Ahmadpour Fatemeh , Shahsavari Gholamreza 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds
Developed countries have a high mortality rate from atherosclerosis and are frequently linked to inflammation and other blood lipid disorders. MicroRNA expression can affect atherosclerotic plaque formation, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and other related processes. The search aimed to determine whether microRNA-138-5p or microRNA-132-3p expression levels are related to patient atherogenic genes.

Methods
Angiographic diagnostic method was used to select 45 healthy samples and 45 atherosclerosis patients, along with the laboratory and demographic information. After isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from blood, the levels of miR-138 and miR-132 and the relative expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), and CD36 genes measured using real-time PCR.

Results
miR-138 was upregulated compared to the control group in the atherosclerosis patient group (P < 0.05). In contrast, SIRT1 was downregulated in patients (P < 0.05). Our results also showed that the expression levels of miR-138 can use as a biomarker for atherosclerosis detection (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression of miR-138 with SIRT1 had a significant negative correlation (P < 0.05), and miR-132 was directly correlated with STAT3 (P < 0.01). Interestingly, STAT3 was negatively correlated with SIRT1 (P < 0.05) and positively with CD36 (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
Since atherosclerosis has no specific clinical symptoms and early diagnosis is vital, the use of miR-138 diagnostic biomarkers can play an essential role in early diagnosis. Furthermore, this study highlights the overlap of SIRT1-STAT3-CD36 signaling pathways with miR-132 and miR-138 in atherosclerosis.
Nanotoxicological profiles of clinically approved nanoplatforms
Authors: Nkanga Christian Isalomboto 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Nanoparticles (NPs) engineering offers great opportunities to produce versatile materials for multiple applications in medicine, including drug delivery and bioimaging. Successful development of nanomedicines up to the clinical level is evidence that nanotechnology has made gigantic strides in addressing health problems.

Area covered
This review briefly discusses the toxicological data from selected clinically relevant nanoplatform technologies (i.e. liposomes, poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and iron oxide NPs); comparisons between such nano-systems provide insights into existing challenges in nanotoxicity assessment. The factors that can affect nanoparticles toxicity have been discussed as well. Albeit most studies reported no major toxicological effects, the analysis of reported data pinpoints the lack of organ-function studies as well as the difficulty in comparing nanotoxicity findings from different protocols due to the discrepancies in experimental conditions.

Conclusion
The previously developed nanomedicines are likely a result of constant efforts dedicated to improving the quality attributes of individual products on case-by-case basis, given the luck of design rules for optimal nanoproducts. Thus, further systematic investigations are required to streamline the general design principles in nanoproducts development and boost the translation of NPs from bench to bedside.
Impaired Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity Increases Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
Authors: Qin Zhizhen , Muhanhali Dilidaer , Ling Yan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context
Previous studies found inconsistent results on the relationship between thyroid function and cardiovascular risks.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association of thyroid hormone sensitivity with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and cardiovascular death in a euthyroid population undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods
This prospective cohort study enrolled 1470 euthyroid participants who underwent coronary angiography between March and November of 2013. The participants were followed up from July to November in 2022. Thyrotroph thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI), TSH index (TSHI), and feedback quantile-based index (TFQI) were calculated to evaluate the sensitivity to thyroid hormone. Kaplan–Meier curve and multivariable Cox proportional hazard model were performed to analyze the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and risk of MACE and cardiovascular death.

Results
Among 1089 participants who completed the follow-up, 342 cases of MACE and 77 cardiovascular deaths were identified during a medium follow-up duration of 111 months. In the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model, the higher levels of TFQI (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.08-1.84; P for trend = .01), TT4RI (HR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.06-1.84; P for trend = .02) and TSHI (HR = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.22-2.13; P for trend = .001) were associated with increased risk of MACE. The higher levels of TFQI (HR = 2.21; 95% CI, 1.17-4.17; P for trend = .02) and TSHI (HR = 2.05; 95% CI; 1.08-3.91; P for trend = .03) were also associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death.

Conclusion
Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone is associated with higher risks of MACE and cardiovascular death in a euthyroid population undergoing coronary angiography.
Evaluation of Microvascular Complications in Kidney Recipients With Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Çelik Kavaklılar Başak , Aybı Özdemir Özge , Yıldırım Tolga , Dikmetaş Özlem , Toprak Hilal , Hekimsoy Vedat , İşler Alperen Onur , Yılmaz Rahmi , Kadayıfçılar Sibel , Erdem Yunus , Erbas Tomris , Ünlütürk Uğur 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context
The paucity of data on microvascular complications in patients with posttransplant diabetes (PTDM) is an obstacle to developing follow-up algorithms.

Objective
To evaluate diabetic microvascular complications in patients with long-standing PTDM.

Methods
In patients with ≥5-year history of PTDM and age-matched renal transplant recipients without PTDM (NDM), diabetic peripheral neuropathy was evaluated using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, the CASE IV device, and in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (CCM). Cardiac autonomic neuropathy tests were performed using heart rate variability. Nephropathy screening was assessed using spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio and eGFR calculation. Diabetic retinopathy was evaluated by fundus examination and photography, and optical coherence tomography.

Results
This study included 41 patients with PTDM and 45 NDM patients. The median follow-up was 107.5 months in the PTDM group. Peripheral neuropathy was significantly higher in the PTDM group than in the NDM group (P = .02). In the PTDM patients with peripheral neuropathy, corneal nerve fiber density examined by CCM was significantly lower than in PTDM patients without neuropathy (P = .001). Parasympathetic involvement was observed in 58.5% of the PTDM group and 22% of the NDM group (P = .001). Sympathetic involvement was present in 65.9% of the PTDM group and 29.3% of the NDM group (P = .001). Retinopathy was observed in 19.5% of patients in the PTDM group and in none of the NDM patients (P &lt; .001). Renal functions were similar between the study groups.

Conclusion
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy can affect patients with PTDM at a high rate. Diabetic retinopathy is a threat to the vision of PTDM patients. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy can be detected early in PTDM patients by CCM.
Contemporary Clinical Perspectives on Targeting Remission of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Retnakaran Ravi , Kashyap Sangeeta R , Gerstein Hertzel C , Aroda Vanita R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
It has long been known that some patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) can experience sustained metabolic improvement to near-normal levels of glycemia either spontaneously or after medical intervention. Now recognized as remission of diabetes, this intriguing state is currently more feasible than ever before due to profound advances in metabolic surgery, pharmacologic therapy, and regimens of lifestyle modification. This enhanced capacity to induce remission has revealed new pathophysiologic insights, including the presence of a reversible component of the pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction that otherwise drives the chronic progressive nature of T2DM. In doing so, it has changed the therapeutic landscape by offering new potential management objectives and considerations for patients and providers. However, the excitement around these developments must also be tempered by the sobering realities of our current understanding of remission, including the recognition that this condition may not be permanent (resulting in glycemic relapse over time) and that beta-cell function may not be normalized in the setting of remission. These limitations highlight both the many gaps in our current understanding of remission and the caution with which clinical discussions must be handled for clear patient-directed communication of the pros and cons of targeting this outcome in practice. In this mini-review, we consider this rapidly growing literature, including its implications and its limitations, and thereby seek to provide objective balanced perspectives on targeting remission of T2DM in current clinical care.
Anterior Pituitary Transcriptomics Following a High-Fat Diet: Impact of Oxidative Stress on Cell Metabolism
Authors: Miles Tiffany K , Odle Angela K , Byrum Stephanie D , Lagasse Alex , Haney Anessa , Ortega Victoria G , Bolen Cole R , Banik Jewel , Reddick Milla M , Herdman Ashley , MacNicol Melanie C , MacNicol Angus M , Childs Gwen V 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Anterior pituitary cell function requires a high level of protein synthesis and secretion which depend heavily on mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate production and functional endoplasmic reticula. Obesity adds stress to tissues, requiring them to adapt to inflammation and oxidative stress, and adding to their allostatic load. We hypothesized that pituitary function is vulnerable to the stress of obesity. Here, we utilized a 10- to 15-week high-fat diet (HFD, 60%) in a thermoneutral environment to promote obesity, testing both male and female FVB.129P mice. We quantified serum hormones and cytokines, characterized the metabolic phenotype, and defined changes in the pituitary transcriptome using single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis. Weight gain was significant by 3 weeks in HFD mice, and by 10 weeks all HFD groups had gained 20 g. HFD females (15 weeks) had increased energy expenditure and decreased activity. All HFD groups showed increases in serum leptin and decreases in adiponectin. HFD caused increased inflammatory markers: interleukin-6, resistin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tumor necrosis factorα. HFD males and females also had increased insulin and increased TSH, and HFD females had decreased serum prolactin and growth hormone pulse amplitude. Pituitary single-cell transcriptomics revealed modest or no changes in pituitary cell gene expression from HFD males after 10 or 15 weeks or from HFD females after 10 weeks. However, HFD females (15 weeks) showed significant numbers of differentially expressed genes in lactotropes and pituitary stem cells. Collectively, these studies reveal that pituitary cells from males appear to be more resilient to the oxidative stress of obesity than females and identify the most vulnerable pituitary cell populations in females.
Notes of a Course of Practical Histology for Medical Students
Authors: Rutherford W. M. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
At the present time there is much discussion regarding the manner in which Practical Physiology should be taught to medical students. Perceiving the difficulties which physiological teachers have to encounter in carrying out the new regulations of the College of Surgeons, the Editor of this Journal has asked me to give a résumé of my course of Practical Histology. I do not regard my course as perfect, nevertheless I have found it work successfully through several years, and, after having ascertained the modes of tuition adopted elsewhere in this country and in Germany, I have come to the conclusion that on no other system does the student accomplish so much in so short a time.
Notes on Noctiluca
Authors: Allman  
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The occurrence some years ago of Noctiluca miliaris in great abundance during the autumn months on the southern shores of Ireland afforded me an opportunity of studying the structure of this singular little animal. The following paper contains an account of the observations then made. These are for the most part confirmatory of the results arrived at by other observers, while in some respects they serve to supplement the researches of those zoologists who have already made Noctiluca a subject of study.
Relationship between baseline mean platelet volume (MPV) and prognosis of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with Alteplase
Authors: Wang Yanhao , Wei Xiaoqing , Du Wei , Yuan Congcong 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To investigate the relationship between baseline, mean platelet volume (MPV) and prognosis of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of clinical imaging and laboratory data of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction who received intravenous thrombolytic therapy with alteplase in Baoding No.1 Central Hospital between March 2018 and March 2021. According to mRS scores after three months, a total of 140 patients were divided into the good prognosis group(n=115) (mRS score <two) and the poor prognosis group(n=25) (mRS score ≥two). Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate MPV and other factors that may affect the prognosis. The ROC curve of subjects was used to predict the prognosis of influencing factors. Possible influencing factors of early neurological deterioration (END) were also analyzed.
Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that 24 hour NIHSS score after thrombolysis and baseline MPV were independently correlated with 3-month prognosis. The ROC curve indicated an optimal cutoff value of 9.65 fl for MPV in predicting poor prognosis. The study also found that the increase of baseline MPV had a close bearing on the risk increase of END.
Conclusion: Baseline MPV is an independent risk factor for early neurological deterioration and three months poor prognosis in patients with acute mild cerebral infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7493
How to cite this: Wang Y, Wei X, Du W, Yuan C. Relationship between baseline mean platelet volume (MPV) and prognosis of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with Alteplase. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7493
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Three-dimensional measurement and analysis of Mandibular Molar Distalization assisted by micro-implant anchorage combined with clear aligner
Authors: Lin Gengbing , Chen Mengwei , Guo Nan , Shi Xie 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To investigate the effect of micro-implant anchorage combined with a clear aligner on the efficiency of mandibular molar distalization and the protection of anterior teeth anchorage, provide reference for clinical scheme design.
Methods: This is a prospective study. Seventeen patients who were treated in the Orthodontics Department of the Hospital of Stomatology affiliated to Fujian Medical University from 2019 to 2021 and used Invisalign clear aligners to move mandibular molars distally were included and divided into two groups according to anchorage types: Group-A and Group-B. Group-A (ten cases) were treated without micro-implant anchorage, while Group-B (seven cases) were treated with micro-implant anchorage nails for enhanced anchorage. The effect of micro-implant anchorage on crown and root distal movement of mandibular molars and the difference in three-dimensional movement between mandibular molars and mandibular central incisors were analyzed.
Results: The crown distalization efficiency of mandibular first and second molars in Group-B was 68.66% and 71.02%, respectively, which were higher than those in Group-A(p<0.05). The mandibular central incisors in Group-A showed labial displacement and a small amount of elongation, while those in Group-B showed less anchorage loss(p<0.05). In Group-A, the crown was tilted in the distal direction and moved in the buccal direction during mandibular molar distalization(p<0.05). While in Group-B, the crown was tilted in the distal directio (p<0.05) and the mandibular second molar was depressed(p<0.05).
Conclusion: In the process of mandibular molar distalization assisted by micro-implant anchorage combined with a clear aligner, better protects the anchorage of the mandibular central incisor and improves the efficiency of the molar crown distalization.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7759
How to cite this: Lin G, Chen M, Guo N, Shi X. Three-dimensional measurement and analysis of Mandibular Molar Distalization assisted by micro-implant anchorage combined with clear aligner. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7759
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.