bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dosimetric and radiobiological comparation of 3DCRT, IMRT and VMAT techniques for postmastectomy radiotherapy in left breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes
Authors: Yang Ji-Ming , Ma Min , Zhou Jian-Liang , Guo Jian-Xin , Cheng Hang , Ren Jiang-Ping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background/Purpose: To compare dosimetric and radiobiological parameters among 3DCRT, IMRT, and VMAT techniques to determine the optimal approach for postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in left breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes.
Methods: Three treatment plans for 37 patients with left-sided breast cancer and positive lymph nodes, post-modified radical mastectomy, were developed using 3DCRT, IMRT, and VMAT. A prescribed dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions was set, ensuring 95% coverage of the PTV volume by 50 Gy. Dosimetric parameters for the target volume and critical organs, alongside the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) and excess absolute risk (EAR) for specific organs, were evaluated for each technique.
Results: The 3DCRT technique showed unsatisfactory target consistency and uniformity, with average CI and HI values of 0.50 and 0.15, respectively. IMRT achieved better results with CI and HI values of 0.68 and 0.12, respectively, while VMAT showed the best performance with 0.78 and 0.11, respectively. VMAT also outperformed in dosimetric parameters for the heart (V25Gy and Dmean), LAD (Dmax and Dmean), and ipsilateral lung (V20Gy, V30Gy, and Dmean), with significant statistical differences (p < 0.05). NTCP values for VMAT were significantly lower than the other two techniques, whereas 3DCRT showed the highest toxicity risk. For contralateral tissues, VMAT had higher dosimetric parameters in the contralateral lung (V5Gy and Dmean) and contralateral breast (V5Gy and Dmean) than 3DCRT and IMRT, with significant differences (p < 0.05). The estimated EAR for contralateral breast carcinoma induction was 15.31, 31.58, and 71.32 (per 10,000 patients per year) for 3DCRT, IMRT, and VMAT, respectively. For the contralateral lung, these figures were 13.94, 19.07, and 31.21, respectively.
Conclusions: VMAT offers reduced cardiac and pulmonary toxicities in PMRT for left breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes but increases the risk of low-dose radiation and secondary cancer in contralateral structures. VMAT may be more suitable for patients with cardiopulmonary concerns or older age, while younger, healthy individuals require careful clinical evaluation to balance risks.
An analysis of the factors involved in IOL decentration after phacoemulsification using CASIA 2 Anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: de Paula Alessandro , Gattazzo Irene , Savini Giacomo , Lomoriello Domenico Schiano , Corsi Andrea 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the magnitude of IOL transversal shift (ITS) after phacoemulsification and to analyse the factors contributing to IOL decentration and ITS.
Methods: 94 consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery and IOL implantation was enrolled. Each patient underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography with CASIA 2 (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan) to assess crystalline lens decentration, thickness and diameter seven days preoperatively and at one and sixty days postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed to evaluate the determinants of ITS and final decentration.
Results:The preoperative crystalline lens diameter was associated with the ITS and with the IOL final decentration. A positive association between the final IOL decentration and the first post-surgical day decentration was found (p< 0.0001).
Conclusion: Greater crystalline lens diameter was associated with greater decentration and with greater ITS. Day-one IOL decentration seems to be the main determinant of final IOL decentration.
Metadichol: an inhibitor of zoonotic viruses; Nipah, Lassa, and rabies
Authors: raghavan Palayaakotai R 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Zoonotic viruses, such as coronaviruses, the Ebola virus, the Zika virus, Nipah, Laasa, and rabies, can be transmitted from animals to humans (1). There is a need to develop inhibitors because they can potentially prevent or treat viral infections in humans and animals (2). Metadichol® is a nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols that is a potent inhibitor of viruses. We present the results of in vitro assays showing that it inhibits Lassa, rabies, and Nipah viruses at concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 2.6 µg/ml. It is likely that the binding of metadichol to VDR (vitamin D receptor) leads to the regulation of c-MYC (MYC Proto-Oncogene, BHLH Transcription Factor), which controls the expression of SP1 (SP1 transcription factor), which is the key step in controlling the viral replication gene GSPT1 (G1 to S Phase Transition 1). Since metadichol is commercially available and nontoxic, with an LD50 of more than 5000 mg/kg in rats, it could be useful in the treatment of such zoonotic diseases.
Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib During Induction in Crohn’s disease: Real-World Experience
Authors: Jairath Rishi , Zoughlami Amine , Pilote Nicolas , Afif Waqqas , Bitton Alain , Wild Gary , Lakatos Peter L , Narula Neeraj , Bessissow Talat 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Upadacitinib is a selective JAK1 inhibitor that has recently been approved for treatment of moderate-severe Crohn’s disease, with Phase III clinical trials showing positive efficacy and safety profiles.
Aim
Our aim was to evaluate the real-world experience of upadacitinib in a refractory cohort of Canadian patients with Crohn’s disease.
Methods
This was a two-centre retrospective study looking at 12-week induction data for patients with active Crohn’s disease from McGill University Health Centre and Hamilton Health Sciences. The primary outcome was clinical remission at 12 weeks, with secondary outcomes including clinical response, biochemical remission, and biochemical response. These parameters were all evaluated at 8 and 12 weeks. Adverse events were summarized for patients who had follow up data available and included in the efficacy analysis.
Results
There were 28 patients who were treated in total. Five patients discontinued upadacitinib due to no response or side effects. Clinical remission was achieved at 12 weeks in nine patients (9/12, 75%). Clinical response was achieved in nine patients (9/12, 75%), biochemical remission was achieved in five patients (5/13, 38.5%), and biochemical response was achieved in seven patients (7/13, 53.8%). Adverse events were observed in three patients (3/15, 20%), with two having non-serious infections (2/15, 13.3%) and one having fevers of unknown origin (1/15, 6.67%).
Conclusion
This real-world multicentre Canadian induction study shows favourable efficacy and tolerability of upadacitinib in refractory active Crohn’s disease.
Does Prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis have the better recovery? A single-center over 10 years experience.
Authors: Li Mingming , lu Chaoxiang , Wang Qi , Gao Qi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate whether infants with prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis (MP) have a poorer prognosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from infants treated with surgery from January 2008 to December 2020 was conducted. The patients were divided into prenatal diagnosis group and postnatal diagnosis group based on the timing of diagnosis. The intraoperative and postoperative parameters of the two groups of patients were compared. Results: A total of 71 cases of MP were included in the study, with 48 cases in the prenatal diagnosis group and 23 cases in the postnatal diagnosis group. The comparison of preoperative indicators between the two groups of patients showed no statistically significant differences in baseline (P>0.05). Intraoperative indicators, including blood loss, anastomosis, retained intestinal tube length, and excised intestinal tube length, showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the postnatal diagnosis group had a significantly shorter operation time than the prenatal diagnosis group (P<0.05). Postoperative indicators, including fasting time, albumin usage, complications, and abandonment or mortality rate (P>0.05). Nevertheless, the postnatal diagnosis group exhibited significantly shorter hospital stay and time to first bowel movement compared to the prenatal diagnosis group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis is associated with higher surgical difficulty, longer hospital stay and delayed intestinal function recovery. However, there is no evidence of higher mortality rates or more complications compared to infants diagnosed postnatally, and there is no significant difference in long-term prognosis.
Comparative study of efficacy and safety between nDSEK and DSEK for bullous keratopathy
Authors: Huang Minghai , Yin Guina , Hoang Thuthuy , Wu Zhifeng , Teng Jian , Liang Yanqing , Zhang Zhuoyuan , Wei Dongmei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Endothelial keratoplasty has evolved significantly through the utilization of different techniques. However, few studies have compared the clinical outcome between nDSEK (a modified version of the DSEK procedure known as non-Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty) and DSEK. This study aims to compare the potential efficacy and safety of nDSEK and DSEK in treating bullous keratopathy.
Methods
A retrospective comparative study included patients with bullous keratopathy underwent either nDSEK or DSEK between August 2017 and July 2022. These subjects were monitored for a period ranging from 6 to 36 months. The important factors such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), endothelial cell loss (ECL), and any complications that occurred during the follow-up period were recorded.
Results
A total of 52 eyes from 52 patients with bullous keratopathy were included. All subjects underwent either nDSEK (24 eyes) or DSEK (28 eyes). The mean BCVA (logMAR) showed significant improvement from the preoperative measurement of 1.69 ± 0.23 to 0.47 ± 0.22 in nDSEK eyes and from the preoperative 1.67 ± 0.19 to 0.36 ± 0.17 in DSEK eyes respectively at postoperative 12 months. However, there was no statistically significant difference in improvement of BCVA between the nDSEK and DSEK eyes (P = 0.263). The mean donor ECD decreased from the preoperative 2848 ± 108 cells/mm2 to 1176 ± 269 cells/mm2 (ECL 59%) in nDSEK eyes and from the preoperative 2905 ± 132 cells/mm2 to 1235 ± 368 cells/mm2 (ECL 57%) in DSEK eyes respectively at postoperative 12 months, with no significant difference between the nDSEK and DSEK eyes (P = 0.185). The occurrence of various complications such as graft dislocation (8.3% in nDSEK eyes vs 3.6% in DSEK eyes, P = 0.891), acute high introcular pressure (4.2% in nDSEK eyes vs 7.1% in DSEK eyes, P = 1), primary graft failure (8.3% in nDSEK eyes vs 7.1% in DSEK eyes, P = 1), graft rejection (8.3% in nDSEK eyes vs 3.6% in DSEK eyes, P = 0.891) did not differ significantly between the nDSEK and DSEK eyes.
Conclusions
nDSEK eliminated the descemetorrhexis step but yielded a comparable clinical outcome in terms of both effectiveness and safety when compared to DSEK for treating bullous keratopathy.
An Investigation on Tribology Properties of Abutilon Indicum Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Ramnath R. Arun , Rajeshkumar G. , Muthukumar N. , Gautham V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research work investigates the tribological characteristics of Abutilon Indicum Fiber (AIF) reinforced composites with epoxy as the binding agent. The Abutilon Indicum fiber reinforced tribo-composites were manufactured by compression molding technique. These composites were fabricated by varying the fiber volume fraction ranging from 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively and considering the fiber length as a fixed factor due to its short length. This research paper illustrates the effects of different fiber volume fractions (5,10,15 and 20%) on the tribological properties such as Specific wear rate (SWR) and Coefficient of friction (µ) of Abutilon Indicum fiber reinforced composites. Sliding wear tests were carried out under dry environment conditions with pin-on-disc wear testing machine. The experiments were performed for each tribo-composites with different combinations of testing parameters, sliding loads in the range of (10, 20 and 30 N); sliding distances (1,2 and 3 km); sliding speeds (1,2 and 3 m/s). Shore D hardness of these composites was determined. Results conclude that the addition of AIFs in these tribo-composites enhanced the tribological performance with good wear resistance in relation with the pure epoxy-based composites. Specifically, composites produced with 15% volume fraction of AIFs displayed best results with higher resistance to wear at various operating conditions. Optimal fiber volume fraction of 15% was suggested in fabrication of composites for usage of AIFs as friction material and for other commercial applications. Additionally, the surface texture of these different tested composites was analysed by scanning electron microscopic images to examine the wear patterns and mechanism.
A longitudinal assessment of heat exposure and biomarkers of kidney function on heat shock protein 70 and antibodies among agricultural workers
Authors: Butler-Dawson Jaime , Johnson Richard J. , Krisher Lyndsay , Jaramillo Diana , Cruz Alex , Pilloni Daniel , Brindley Stephen , Rodriguez-Iturbe Bernardo , Sanchez-Lozada Laura Gabriela , Dally Miranda , Newman Lee S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Exposure to extreme heat impacts millions of people worldwide and outdoor workers are among the populations most affected by high temperatures. Heat stress induces several biological responses in humans, including the production of heat shock proteins (HSP) and antibodies against HSP (anti-HSP) which may play a central role in the body’s cellular response to a hot environment.
Objective
This longitudinal study investigated the impact of high temperatures and humidity on the presence of HSP70 and anti-HSP70 and examined relationships with markers of kidney function in an at-risk workforce under conditions of extreme heat and exertion in Guatemala.
Methods
We collected ambient temperature and relative humidity data as well as biomarkers and clinical data from 40 sugarcane workers at the start and the end of a 6-month harvest. We used generalized mixed-effects models to estimate temperature effects on HSP70 and anti-HSP70 levels. In addition, we examined trends between HSP70 and anti-HSP70 levels and markers of kidney function across the harvest.
Results
At the end of the harvest, temperatures were higher, and workers had, on average, higher levels of HSP70 and anti-HSP70 compared to the beginning of the season. We observed significant increasing trends with temperature indices and HSP70 levels. Maximum temperature was associated with HSP70 increments after controlling for age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (β: 0.21, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.09, 0.33). Kidney function decline across the harvest was associated with both higher levels of anti-HSP70 levels at the end of the harvest as well as greater increases in anti-HSP70 levels across the harvest.
Conclusions
These results suggest that workplace heat exposure may increase the production of HSP70 and anti-HSP70 levels and that there may be a relationship between increasing anti-HSP70 antibodies and the development of renal injury. HSP70 holds promise as a biomarker of heat stress in exposed populations.
Quantum Nested Search for Lattice Enumeration
Authors: Cao Runxi , Wang Baocang , Gao Juntao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Lattice-based cryptographic regimes are the most promising quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms, whose security depends on the difficulty of the SVP. Enumeration algorithms are the most basic and hopeful algorithms instantiated for solving SVPs, and are often used in public key cryptanalysis or as subroutines of lattice reduction algorithms. In this paper, we show how to speed up enumeration with the idea of nested search: if N is the number of nodes in the enumeration tree and T is the time required to process a node, our quantum enumeration can find the shortest vector on the lattice in time \(\sqrt{T\cdot N}\) . This is applied to the two most efficient types of enumeration: cylinder pruning as well as discrete pruning. The core idea of the algorithm is to reduce the size of the search space by transforming the original problem into a constraint-satisfiable problem, using the pruning conditions of the above two enumerations as constraints, and embedding the search for all possible solutions at the next level of the enumeration tree into the space of partially satisfied solutions at the previous level. Next, we accelerate this process using a quantum search algorithm. Compared to the work of bib24, we further reduce the time complexity of the algorithm with multiplication factor $\sqrt{T} $ by the quantum nested search algorithm.
Revolutionizing Personalized Medicine with Generative AI: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ghebrehiwet Isaias , Zaki Nazar , Damseh Rafat , Mohamad Mohd Saberi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Precision medicine, targeting treatments to individual genetic and clinical profiles, faces challenges in data collection, costs, and privacy. Generative AI offers a promising solution by creating realistic, privacy-preserving patient data, potentially revolutionizing patient-centric healthcare.
Objective
This review examines the role of deep generative models (DGMs) in clinical informatics, medical imaging, bioinformatics, and early diagnostics, showcasing their impact on precision medicine.
Methods
Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, the review analyzes studies from databases such as Scopus and PubMed, focusing on AI's impact in precision medicine and DGMs' applications in synthetic data generation.
Results
DGMs, particularly Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), have improved synthetic data generation, enhancing accuracy and privacy. However, limitations exist, especially in the accuracy of foundation models like Large Language Models (LLMs) in digital diagnostics.
Conclusion
Overcoming data scarcity and ensuring realistic, privacy-safe synthetic data generation are crucial for advancing personalized medicine. Further development of LLMs is essential for improving diagnostic precision. The application of generative AI in personalized medicine is emerging, highlighting the need for more interdisciplinary research to advance this field.
3D Printed Microlattices of Transition Metal/ Metal Oxides for Highly Stable and Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Tiwari Anand P. , Rahman Md Saifur , Scheideler William J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Developing affordable electrocatalysts is crucial for driving the sustainable energy transition to green hydrogen. Here, we report a generalizable method known as polymer infusion additive manufacturing (PIAM) for transforming 3D printed photopolymers into core-shell microlattice electrodes for electrocatalytic water splitting with transition metal/metal oxides/carbon heterointerfaces. The optimized free-standing architectures integrate Cu/CuOx on carbon (Cu/CuOx/C) microlattices, yielding high electrocatalytic activity (overpotential of 145 mV at 10 mA/cm2 and a Tafel slope of 134 mV/dec) and excellent durability for HER (>100 hr), surpassing state-of-the-art Cu foams. Additionally, for oxygen evolution (OER), Co/CoOx on carbon (Co/CoOx/C) microlattices display exceptional activity with the lowest overpotential (1.40 V to gain 10 mA/cm2) among all reported PGM-free electrodes. We explore the gas phase mass-transport properties of these 3D microlattices via microscopic imaging of bubble evolution, finding that the outstanding electrocatalytic performance and long-term stability of microlattice electrodes leverages their mesoscale (100-300 μm) pores, providing accessibility of electrolytes, maximizing utilization of active sites, and ensuring rapid evolution of gas bubbles. Thus, we introduce a simple but pioneering method for manufacturing 3D mesostructured electrocatalysts with deep control of liquid and gas phase mass-transport, enhancing the efficacy of alkaline water electrolysis.
On the Effectiveness of Utilizing A Hybrid Quantum Algorithm on Large Scale Network Routing
Authors: Chen Jie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Due to the intrinsic nature of wireless sensor network, it is of paramount importance to tailor the sensor network design towards the purpose of both economizing energy consumption and increasing transmission speed. In the author’s previous research, works have demonstrated the advantage of utilizing a quantum processor in small-scale sensor network to guarantee a given transmission rate within the minimum energy consumption. In this work, large-scale sensor network design with a fixed sink, which employs a quantum processor unit is being presented. Briefly speaking, sensor nodes of large amount are clustered into multiple small-scale networks with maximum node number equal to 6. For each small-scale network, a minimum energy consumption routing path is selected per source node. Results have shown that the design outperforms the Advanced_Leach algorithm in literature in terms of network lifetime.
Discovery of the first Tn630 member and the closest homolog of IS630 from viruses
Authors: Duan Guangyou , Wei Dongsheng , Guo Yutong , Ruan Cihan , Chang Jia , Zhou Mingbin , Gao Jun , Liu He , Li Xin , Gao Shan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: IS630/Tc1/mariner (ITm) represents the most widely distributed superfamily of DNA transposons in nature. Currently, bioinformatics research on ITm membersprimarily involves collecting data of existing and emerging members and organizing them into new groups or families.
Results: In the present study, our survey revealed that Tc1 and IS630 members have a broad host range, spanning across all six biological kingdoms (bacteria, fungi, plantae, animalia, archaea and protista) and viruses. The primary discoveries include the first Tn630 member — Tn630-NC1 and the closest homolog of IS630 from viruses— Tc1-C#1. By incorporating our discovery into existing knowledge, we proposed a model to elucidate the formation of composite transposons in bacteria.
Conclusions: Organization of Tc1 and IS630 members into groups across biological kingdoms facilitates data collection for future research, particularly on their horizontal transfer between different kingdoms. The formation of composite transposons may result from the asymmetric degeneration of terminal inverted repeats. IS630 should be combined with Tc1 into a family IS630/Tc1. Furthermore, IS630 and its homologs could serve as a valuable resource to investigate horizontal gene transfer between gut bacteria and phages, opening up new avenues for research in this field.
Impact of various design parameters on solar still systems performance: a review
Authors: Shivhare Maneesh Kumar , Samsher  , Kumar Anil 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The objective of the current study is to evaluate and appreciate various design parameters for simple solar stills impact yielding rate and heat transmission characteristics. For improved utility, indicators and performance comparisons of several solar stills have also been created. In the case of the enhanced wick, most of the researchers use wick on water surfaces to enhance the evaporation rate. It has been observed that the solar stills with wet wick on the side walls provide high porosity with thin film evaporation, thus improving distillation. Also, the solar stills with wick integration were superior to other types of solar desalination systems that utilize wicking materials to enhance the evaporation and condensation processes. The interpretations were significantly carried out, and numerous recommendations for future improvement and the generation of novel concepts to work around practical constraints were also made in the present study.