bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress, anxiety, and depression trajectories during the “first wave” of the COVID-19 pandemic: what drives resilient, adaptive and maladaptive responses in the Portuguese population?
Authors: Fernandes Afonso , Ferreira Sónia , Moreira Pedro , Machado-Sousa Mafalda , Couto Beatriz , Raposo-Lima Catarina , Costa Patrício , Morgado Pedro , Picó-Pérez Maria 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 outbreak and the community mitigation strategies implemented to reduce new SARS-CoV-2 infections can be regarded as powerful stressors with negative consequences on people's mental health. Although it has been shown that negative emotional symptoms subside during lockdown, it is likely the existence of inter-individual differences in stress, anxiety and depression trajectories throughout lockdown.ObjectivesWe aimed to cluster participants' according to their trajectories of stress, anxiety and depression scores throughout lockdown, and identify the sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors that may distinguish the subjects included in the different clusters.MethodsFrom March 23, 2020, to May 31, 2020, participants completed weekly online questionnaires on sociodemographic information (age, sex, education level, and employment status), psychological functioning (DASS-21, NEO-FFI-20), and clinical data (psychiatric disorders, psychiatric medication, physical disorders). Data regarding smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and time spent daily looking for COVID-19-related information were also collected. Stress, anxiety and depression trajectories were determined using latent class mixed models.ResultsA total of 2040 participants answered the survey at baseline and 603 participants answered all surveys. Three groups (“Resilient,” “Recovered,” and “Maladaptive”) with distinct mental health trajectories were identified. Younger participants, women, participants with lower education level, not working, studying, diagnosed with a mental disorder, taking psychiatric medication, smokers, those who spent more time consuming COVID-19-related information and those with higher neuroticism tended to cluster in the “Maladaptive” group, placing them at higher risk of persistent negative emotional symptoms during compulsory confinement.ConclusionAccordingly, a tailored approach to emotional suffering for vulnerable subjects during the COVID-19 and future pandemics must be devised.
أثر استخدام استراتيجية القصص التّفاعلية الإلكترونية في تدريس مبحث اللغة العربية لدى طالبات الصّف التاسع الأسّاسي في تنمية الذكاء الاجتماعي ومهارات التفكير التأملي
Authors: Al Tarawneh Gharam Mustafa 
Published: February 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى أثر استخدام استراتيجية القصص التّفاعلية الإلكترونية في تدريس مبحث اللغة العربية لدى طالبات الصّف التاسع الأسّاسي في تنمية الذكاء الاجتماعي ومهارات التفكير التأملي.
المنهجية: استخدمت الدراسة المنهج شبه التجريبي. تكون أفراد الدراسة من طالبات الصف التاسع الأساسي في مدرسة عائشة بنت أبي بكر التابعة لمديرية تربية لواء وادي السير البالغ عددهن (61) طالبة؛ حيث وزعت العينة لمجموعتين ضابطة وتجريبية. ولغايات الدراسة تم إعداد مقياس. بهدف معرفة أثر استخدام استراتيجية القصص التّفاعلية الإلكترونية في تنمية الذكاء الاجتماعي مكون من (35) فقرة. وتم استخدام اختبار للتفكير التأملي مكون من (20) فقرة، وجرى التأكد من صدقهما وثباتهما.
النتائج: أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن هناك فروقا دالة إحصائياً بين متوسطات العلامات في المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة على مقياس الذكاء الاجتماعي، إذ بلغ المتوسط الحسابي في التطبيق البعدي للمجموعة التجريبية (16.14) والانحراف المعياري (1.38)، وللمجموعة الضابطة (10.71)، وانحراف معياري (1.73). وجاءت نتائج اختبار التفكير التأملي لصالح طالبات المجموعة التجريبية بعد استخدام استراتيجية القصص التّفاعلية الإلكترونية. حيث جاءت المتوسطات الحسابية البعدية للمجموع التجريبية (16.07)، وانحراف معياري (1.38)، وللمجموعة الضابطة (11.77)، وانحراف معياري (1.20).
الخلاصة: وجود أثر إيجابي لاستخدام استراتيجية القصص التّفاعلية الإلكترونية في تدريس مبحث اللغة العربية لدى طالبات الصّف التاسع الأسّاسي في تنمية الذكاء الاجتماعي. توصي الدراسة بضرورة تشجيع معلمات الصف التاسع الأساسي على استخدام القصص التفاعلية الإلكترونية والاستفادة منها عند تدريس مادة اللغة العربية.
The Effect of the MAP Growth Test on Primary School Students’ Reading Comprehension: American Excellence Schools as a Case Study
Authors: Albataineh Majde Mahmoud , Baniabdelrahman Abdallah 
Published: February 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of using the MAP Growth test in improving the reading comprehension of primary school students. The study uses American Excellence Schools in Jordan as a case study.
Methods: The study sample included 30 male and female students who studied at American Excellence Schools which is a private school registered with the Directorate of Education of Amman. The study used a quasi-experimental design. The sample was divided into two experimental groups based on their performance in the MAP Growth pre-test assessment. A special instructional program was designed for each experimental group according to the directions in the user guide of the MAP Growth test so as to focus on the weaknesses and missing skills of each group, which were identified based on the results of the MAP Growth pre-test assessment. Upon the completion of the intstructional program, students took the MAP Growth post-test assessment, and data was analyzed to find whether there is any statistically significant differences at (α = 0.05) in the students’ mean scores in the reading comprehension post-test due to the use of the Map Growth test.
Results: The results showed that there were statistically significant differences at the level (α =
0,05) in the total score of students’ reading comprehension for the two groups in favor of the post-test due to the use of the instructional program.
Conclusions: The researchers recommend using the MAP growth test to enhance students’ reading comprehension skills.
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تأملات في التطور التاريخي لمحتوى كتب الجغرافيا في الأردن منذ عام1921-2021 م
Authors: Tawalbeh Hadi Mohamad , Khasawneh Majdi Abdallah 
Published: February 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة إلى إجراء تأملات في التطور التاريخي لمحتوى كتب الجغرافيا في الأردن منذ عام 1921-2021.
المنهجية: لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، من خلال إعداد بطاقة ملاحظة لكل كتاب من كتب الجغرافيا تتضمن مؤشرات تم رصدها في كل كتاب. وقد شمل مجتمع الدراسة جميع كتب الجغرافيا التي أقرتها وزارة التربية والتعليم على امتداد الفترة الزمنية 1921- 2021، والمتوفرة في متحف الكتاب المدرسي.
النتائج: بينت نتائج الدراسة الموضوعات الجغرافية المقدمة للطلبة في كل صف ومرحلة تعليمية من مراحل التعليم العام، وملامح التطور عبر الحقب التاريخية التي مرت بها المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية. كما بينت النتائج كتب الجغرافيا المشتركة التي استهدفت أكثر من فئة كالذكور والإناث، أو تلك الكتب التي تم إعدادها لصفوف دنيا وعليا، أو تلك المشتركة بين مرحلة مدرسية، وما بعد المرحلة المدرسية. كما أشارت النتائج إلى آليات طباعة الكتب، وسمات عملية التقويم، وكيفية معالجة الأخطاء الطباعية، والكتب المترجمة المعتمدة، بالإضافة إلى تبيان صورة النساء والخرائط فيها.
الخلاصة: أظهرت الدراسة الحاجة إلى إعادة طرح مبحث الدراسات الاجتماعية لطلبة الصفوف الثلاثة الأولى في الأردن، بعد قرار إلغائها منذ أكثر من سبع سنوات. كما توصي الدراسة بإعادة تضمين بعض الموضوعات المرتبطة بجغرافيا الدول العربية، وموضوعات الجيولوجيا والفلك، لا سيما تلك التي كان تم طرحها في بدايات تأسيس الدولة الأردنية.
MANAGEMENT OF RECURRENT INTRAOCULAR LENS SUBLUXATION AFTER IOL REPOSITION IN APHAKIC PEDIATRIC PATIENT WITH SECONDARY GLAUCOMA AND DEPRIVATIVE AMBLYOPIA
Authors: INDRIYANI  , Primawita O. Amiruddin  , Sesy Caesarya  , Irawati Irfani  , Mayasari Wahyu Kuntorini  , Feti Karfiati M  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Malposition of the intraocular lens (IOL) can be in the form of decentration, subluxation, dislocation, or luxation. Conservative management and surgery are used to treat IOL subluxation.
Case Illustration : A 14-year-old boy came to clinic with chief complaint of diplopia since 1 month ago. There were histories of cataract surgery of both eyes in 2014 and 2015 at a secondary hospital, secondary IOL implantation and membranectomy of right eye in December 2017, and IOL reposition of right eye in February 2022. Ophthalmologist examination revealed BCVA of right eye is 0.5 with S+10.00 C-2.25 x180 and left eye is 1/300. The right eye's intraocular pressure was 23 mmHg and the left eye's was 16 mmHg. Anterior segment examination of the right eye showed aphakia with subluxation of the IOL to the inferotemporal (Figure 1) and PC IOL of the left eye. Patient diagnosed with aphakia ODS with IOL subluxation OD, secondary glaucoma OD, astigmatisma Hypermetropia composite OD, astigmatism Myopia Compositus OS, Hypermetropia OD, Myopia Gravior OS, Deprivative Amblyopia ODS, and Last Eye OD. Patient given monofocal spectacles, prednisolone asetat eye drop tapering dose, and timolol maleate eye drop, with observation of IOL position
Discussion : Recurrent IOL subluxation without clear signs of zonular or capsular instability in this patient was managed with conservative management using spectacles and medication due to secondary glaucoma. Long-term observation needed to evaluate possibility of repositioning or explanting the IOL in the future.
Conclusion : Management of IOL subluxation could temporarily undergo conservative treatment. A surgical approach is considered in cases of recurrent dislocation
EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF VOGT-KOYANAGI-HARADA SYNDROME WITH OPTIC DISC SWELLING : A CASE REPORT
Authors: Zulkarnaen Husain  , Batari Todja Umar  , Hasnah Eka  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is characterized as a multisystem autoimmune disease that affects the pigmented tissues of the eye, auditory system, skin, and central nervous system. Optic disc swelling is a common finding during the prodromal and acute uveitis stage and must be considered seriously.
Case Illustration : A 41-year-old woman presented with blurred vision in both eyes in the last month, accompanied by headache, nausea, and vomiting. There is no history of penetrating ocular trauma or surgery. Examination findings for visual acuity were light perception, bilateral posterior synechia, optic disc swelling, and serous retinal detachment. A steroid injection was given due to swelling of the optic disc, and four months later, the visual acuity improved to 20/120 and 20/60, respectively, and optic disc swelling and serous retinal detachment decreased.
Discussion : In the acute uveitic stage, VKH can be presented with bilateral optic disc edema and various degrees of serous retinal detachment. The key to the management of VKH is early diagnosis and systemic corticosteroid in the acute uveitis stage, otherwise, improper and inadequate treatment can lead to chronic recurrent VKH disease. Our patient presented with acute uveitis and was treated promptly and adequately.
Conclusion : Optic disc swelling may occur in VKH and worsen the visual prognosis, early diagnosis and treatment of VKH syndrome focused on optic disc swelling can improve the visual prognosis.
Orthokeratology fitting in a Post LASIK Patients : A Case Report
Authors: WENI PUSPITASARI  , Ajeng Kartika Ayu Putri  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Refractive surgery patients may have residual refractive eror.. Orthokeratology (OK) lenses are a less common option for correcting refractive eror in post refractive surgery patients. This case discusses OK lens as an alternative to LASIK enhancement, patient selection and fitting.
Case Illustration : A 34 years old male complaint of blurred vision in both eye . He presented to our clinic with a refraction in the right eye (RE) of S -2.50 cyl -1.25 x 90 and in the the left eye (LE) of S -2.5.00 cyl -1.00 x 80. He underwent bilateral LASIK surgery 10 years ago with recalled refraction of approximately –6.00D in both eyes. Following one week of lens wear, the residual refraction of RE ?1.50 ?0.50 x 90 and LE ?1.50 ?0.50 x 80. After one month,the refraction in RE ?1.00 ?0.50 x 90 and LE ?1.00 ?0.25 x 80. Following a six months, the refraction of RE was -1.00 cyl?0.25 x 90 and-1.00 cyl -0.25x 80 in the LE. He is well satisfied with the level of uncorrected vision throughout the day
Discussion : OK lenses are could be an alternative to LASIK enhancement. The good candidate for post refractive surgery in OK, there were no significant corneal irregularity, BCVA 20/20, and K’s reading between 40-46. It is recommended to wait at least 1 year post Lasik before fitting OK lenses and the process may take longer due to oblate cornea.
Conclusion : OK lenses are effective alternative to LASIK enhancement. Proper patients selection are vital to achieve a satisfied patient.
Giant Cyst as a Dermis Fat Graft Complication in Socket Anophthalmia Post Enucleation
Authors: Ghina Fedora  , Yunia Irawati  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Enucleation is often performed in children diagnosed with advanced unilateral group E retinoblastoma as a primary treatment to save life. After performing enucleation, a Dermis Fat Graft (DFG) is often placed inside the socket to give volumes into the orbital cavity. A dermis fat graft hopefully will grow along with the children, promoting orbital bone development. Rare complications following dermis fat graft implant is cyst formation. The purpose is to present a case of giant orbital cyst formation in socket anophthalmia.
Case Illustration : A 6 year old boy came with proptotic left socket anophthalmia with history of enucleation with DFG for retinoblastoma. On examination, we found a proptotic socket 1.5 years after enucleation. CT Scan examination revealed cyst formation on left socket anophthalmia. We did a cyst excision using cryo and implanted 16 mm acrylic implant for the socket reconstruction.
Discussion : Cyst is minor complications following DFG implantation in socket anophthalmia. It’s estimated occurred in 1.5-3.8% patients. Some of the causes are gaps in between the dermis and recipient bed, epithelial island residue on DFG, or delayed conjunctivalization of the dermis. Cyst excision with careful dissection is the main management for this cases, preferably using cryo probe in order to remove the cyst in toto.
Conclusion : Management for the giant cyst removal following DFG implant is a challenging task due to the recurrence possibility. Complete cyst excision and replacement of orbital implant is mandatory in order to re-establish the cosmetic appearance of the patient.
Intermittent Topical Bevacizumab for Treatment of Pediatric Corneal Neovascularization after Keratitis
Authors: SRI NAWUNGHARTANTI  , Vetty Rositawati  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Corneal neovascularization imposes pediatric patients to risk of amblyopia. Current treatment of corneal neovascularization consists of topical steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, immunomodulatory agents, anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (anti-VEGF) and few surgical procedures. Anti-VEGF shows promising results in treating corneal neovascularization but is difficultto obtain in developing countries such as Indonesia. We report intermittent topical use of Bevacizumab as antiVEGF in a child experiencing corneal neovascularization in the settings of limited antiVEGF availability.
Case Illustration : A 5-year-old girl presented with corneal neovascularization after keratitis. Topical fluorometholone 4 times a day for 3 weeks was given with no clinical improvement. An intermittent topical Bevacizumab was started, each episode of treatment lasted 4 days. Corneal neovascularization regressed after 1 episode of treatment and thus continued until a total of 2 treatment episodes. She improved clinically on treatment, with some residual corneal scarring. Visual acuity improved from logMar 0.5 to logMar 0.2 following treatment.
Discussion : Bevacizumab regresses corneal neovascularization by inhibiting proangiogenic factor VEGF which is upregulated in neovascularization. Topical Bevacizumab ability to penetrate cornea was contributed by defective corneal epithelial overlying neovascularization. Long-term use of antiVEGF may hinder VEGF beneficial role on wound recovery and trigger unwanted side effects.
Conclusion : Intermittent short-term use of topical bevacizumab may be effective to treat corneal neovascularization during acute period in pediatric patient and is safely tolera
Corneal and conjunctival foreign bodies caused by a firecracker at RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul
Authors: Layli nur arniati  , Sekar Harry Satyawati  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : The majority of firecracker ocular injuries occur under the age of 20 years. The most common injuries were lid injuries, corneal abrasions, and superficial foreign bodies.
Case Illustration : An 11-year-old patient came to the Emergency Room with redness, pain, and decreased vision in both eyes. The patient was hit by a firecracker an hour before. The visual acuity in the right and left eyes were 0.2 and 0.8. There were several red spots on his face, body and multiple foreign bodies on the superficial cornea and conjunctiva of both eyes. Irrigation with Ringer Lactate solution was done immediately followed by extraction of multiple foreign bodies under local anesthesia on the next day. Medical therapy consists of topical antibiotics, Atropine Sulphate and artificial tears were given.
Discussion : Firecracker ocular injury has many symptoms, such as redness (100%), pain (97%), watering (86%), reduced vision (77%), and foreign body sensation (12%). In this case, we found all the clinical signs. The management of ocular foreign bodies caused by firecrackers could be conservative. This includes irrigation, topical antibiotics, and removal of ocular foreign bodies which should be done within 24 hours after the injury. In this case, we did all the treatment. Due to an incooperative patient, removal of corneal and conjunctival foreign bodies was done in 24 hours for the right eye and 48 hours for the left eye.
Conclusion : Firecracker ocular injury can have serious consequences for ocular morbidity and visual acuity. Prompt diagnosis and meticulous management can prevent devastating sequelae.
Pseudophakic Pupillary Block Following Cataract Extraction with Anterior Chamber Lens Implantation : A Case Report
Authors: Sumantra Ni Putu Sitha Medha Paramitha , Hikmawati Ike 
Published: February 2024

Inteoduction : Pupillary block occurs when aqueous humor flow from posterior chamber to anterior chamber is obstructed by functional block between pupillary portion of iris and lens. It is relatively common when pupil is occluded by anterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). This condition can lead to iris bombe, iridocorneal adhesion formation, increasing intraocular pressure (IOP), and optic nerve damage.
Case Illustration : A 65-year-old woman came to local hospital with complaints of blurred left eye five days prior presentation. She had history of bilateral cataract surgery in 2013. On physical examination, BCVA was 6/6 on right eye and 1/300 on left eye. The IOP was 15. 3 on right eye and 31.5 on left eye. Slit lamp examination showed anterior chamber IOL on left eye, shallow camera oculi anterior (COA), no flare/cell, pupillary block was present, and no surgical iridectomy was found. She was previously given timolol 0.5% eye drop and added latanoprost 50 mcg eye drop, sodium chloride 4.4 mg- potassium chloride 0.8 mg eye drop for current therapy.
Discussion : Pupillary block is a frequent complication of anterior chamber IOL implantation after cataract surgery. The anterior chamber in this patient was shallow, which indicates partial/total blocked aqueous flow from posterior chamber, causing an elevated IOP, and may disrupt optic nerve that cause decreased vision. Surgical iridectomy is suggested in high-risk procedures such as implantation of an anterior chamber IOL.
Conclusion : Elevated IOP may cause visual dysfunction and damage to optic nerve. In cases of high-risk postoperative pupillary block, surgical iridectomy is suggested to prevent further complications
Recalcitrant Epithelial Ingrowth After LASIK: An Unexpected Complication
Authors: Putri Pamulani  , Angga Fajriansyah  , Elfa Ali Idrus  , Patriotika Muslima  , Arief Akhdestira Mustaram  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Post-LASIK Epithelial Ingrowth (PLEI) is an uncommon complication of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Treatment for PLEI can be done surgically and medically, but recurrence is possible.
Case Illustration : A 20-year-old female came with the appearance of white opacity on her right cornea, which has grown bigger in size over the last two months (Figure 1A and 1B). She had undergone three debridement surgeries prior to the visit due to the same complaint and history of LASIK surgery two years before. Visual acuity of the right eye showed 0.32 pinhole 0.63, epithelial ingrowth Probst/Machat grade III in 9 o’clock direction approximately 3mm x 3mm (Table 1), pooling on fluorescein test, intact flap, and punctate epithelial erosion (PEE). A surgery of flap reopening, epithelial debridement, corneal suture, and corneal crosslinking was conducted (Figure 2 and 3).
Discussion : The incidence of PLEI, as reported by published studies, is relatively low. Hence, treatment in such cases is largely based on anecdotal case reports and small case series. Treatment of choice can be done according to clinical manifestation and severity of PLEI.
Conclusion : A thorough and careful management of PLEI should be carried out to prevent its progress and recurrence.
AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE TRANSPLANT AS ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR SEVERE INFECTIOUS CORNEAL ULCER
Authors: Yulis Kristanto  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Infectious corneal ulcer may lead to visual impairment and contribute to five percent of blindness worldwide. Amniotic membrane transplant is one of adjuvant therapies listed to aid in the management of corneal ulcer.
Case Illustration : There were two cases of severe corneal ulcer, both patients had exposure from vegetative matter. Case 1: A 40 years old male came with decreased VA in left eye (VA OS 1/300) and VAS 4, corneal epithelial stromal defect measuring 3x5 mm with 2 mm hypopyon. After three days of inpatient management, AMT procedure was done followed by temporary tarsorrhaphy. On 14th day of observation, tarsorrhaphy was removed, VAS was decreased to 0 and hypopyon resolved. On 28th day, corneal leukoma was observed with visual acuity improved (VA OS 1/60). Case 2: A 63 years old female came with decreased visual acuity (VA OD 1/300), followed by VAS 4, epithelial stromal defect measuring 7.3x5.4 mm, and 1 mm hypopyon. AMT procedure was done in fourth day of hospitalization. On seventh day, VAS was reduced to 1-2. On 14th day, tarsorrhaphy was removed, corneal leukoma was observed and on 28th day of observation, visual acuity was improved (VA OD 6/21).
Discussion : AMT may induce faster regeneration of wound healing, as it halts inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and protease activities. AMT also increases the stromal thickness, as the membrane becomes incorporated into the stroma. By placing a temporary tarsorrhaphy, it may promote healing further into the corneal defects.
Conclusion : AMT is effective in promoting epithelialization and preventing corneal perforations in corneal ulcers.