bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A community-based study to assess the prevalence and predictors of stunting among under-five children in Sheger City, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Botorie Firomsa , Abera Bilisom Balcha , Botorie Abera , Abera Asonya , Dubiwak Abebe Dukessa , Charkos Tesfaye Getachew , Dassie Godana Arero 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundStunting is a serious public health issue in Ethiopia. However, due to the scarcity of studies, little is known about the prevalence and predictors of stunting among children under the age of five in urban areas, especially those close to the capital city of the country (Addis Ababa). Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of stunting and its predictors among children under the age of five in Lega Tafo Lega Dadi, Sheger City, Oromia, Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 566 children under the age of five using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, structured questionnaires, and anthropometric measurements. Afterward, the data were entered into EpiData (version 4.7) and exported to SPSS 26 for analysis. Anthropometric indices were calculated using WHO Anthro software (version 3.2.2). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify candidate variables and associated factors, respectively. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the strength and significance of the association. A p-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. The goodness-of-fit for the model was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.ResultsThe prevalence of stunting was 18.9% (95% CI: 16, 22%) among under-five children in our study setting. Children whose mothers were daily laborers (AOR: 10.3), whose mothers’ education level was primary school (AOR: 4.3), whose fathers were daily laborers (AOR: 4), who were born into families with an average birth interval of ≤24 months (AOR: 7.9), who were from families with a size ≥5 (AOR: 7.3), who had a history of diarrhea (AOR: 6.3), who had meals ≤3 times per day (AOR: 13.9), who were underweight (AOR: 2.8), who were breastfed for less than 2 years (AOR: 5.6), who had low dietary diversity (AOR: 6.3), and who experienced food insecurity (AOR: 3.6) were identified as the predictors of stunting in under-five children.ConclusionApproximately one-fifth of the under-five children were stunted in the study setting. Family occupational and educational status, average birth interval, family size, a history of diarrhea, meal frequency per day, underweight status, duration of breastfeeding, inadequate dietary diversity, and household food insecurity were all associated with stunting among the under-five children in the study setting.
Adaptation of the nutrition care process for metabolic diseases in the Mexican population
Authors: Sevilla-González Magdalena , González-Ortiz Ailema , Landa-Anell María Victoria , Melgarejo-Hernández Marco A. , Arias-Marroquín Ana Teresa , Del Razo-Olvera Fabiola Mabel , Román-Calleja Berenice Monserrat , Monreal-Lugo Ana Victoria , Martin-Vences Angélica J. , Haua-Navarro Karime , Espinosa-Cuevas Angeles 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe Nutrition Care Process (NCP) is a systematic framework designed to enhance the quality of nutrition care. Given the high prevalence of metabolic diseases in Mexican population, there is a critical need for tailored nutrition care strategies.ObjectiveWe aim to describe the adaptation of the NCP to manage metabolic diseases in Mexican individuals.MethodsOur adaptation included a comprehensive literature review of clinical nutrition guidelines, by a structured consultation with experts to ensure clinical setting-specific and culturally appropriate modifications. A team of registered dietitians from two tier 3 hospitals, each with over five years of experience in metabolic disease management, customized the NCP’s four core steps—assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and monitoring—to meet the specific needs of the Mexican population.ResultsWe adapted the NCP to manage five common metabolic disorders: obesity, type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and dyslipidemia. Each step of the NCP was complemented by the development of educational materials designed to (1) enhance awareness of disease risk, (2) broaden their knowledge of nutritional management, and (3) provide tailored strategies for developing personalized action plans. The adapted NCP was implemented in clinical and research settings and the materials were documented as an online publication to facilitate widespread dissemination.ConclusionOur adaptation represents a significant advancement in the use of structured tools for nutrition care in Mexican populations, who face disproportionately high rates of metabolic diseases. Further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of this approach in clinical settings.
Nucleotide variation in Foxp3 gene and prognosis of bladder cancer: a case-control study
Authors: Li Qin , Zhang Yan , Su Min , Song Yaping , Wang Yanyun , Zhou Bin , Zhang Lin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundNumerous researches have investigated the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) gene and the development of various cancers. However, the relationship of Foxp3 polymorphism and bladder cancer (BC) remain unclear.MethodThis hospital-based case-control study enrolled a total of 316 patients diagnosed with BC and 643 healthy controls. Two Foxp3 SNPs (rs3761548 C/A, rs5902434 del/ATT) were selected, and genotyping of the samples was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. SPSS and online SNPstats software were used to determine the disparities between groups.ResultsFor the rs3761548 C/A polymorphism, patients with the CA/AA genotype showed a notable decrease in the case group (22.1% versus 34.8%, P = 0.003, OR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.44-0.85), and the heterozygous CA genotype presented a distinctly lower risk for BC (P = 0.0003, OR = 0.43, 95%CI = 0.26-0.70). Notably, individuals who were homozygous for the AA genotype demonstrated a markedly lower overall survival (OS) rate compared to those with the CC/CA genotypes (P = 0.03, OR = 5.89, 95%CI = 1.23-28.15), after adjusting for factors such as age, gender, smoking status, tumor grade, metastasis, and clinical stage. For the rs5902434 del/ATT polymorphism, a decreased risk was observed across the codominant and over-dominant models with statistical significance (codominant model: P = 0.01, OR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.42-0.89; over-dominant model: P = 0.004, OR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.42-0.85), and no significant association was observed between the rs5902434 polymorphism and patient’s OS rate.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that Foxp3 polymorphisms may be associated with BC susceptibility, and that rs3761548 could potentially serve as an independent risk factor for the OS rate.
Exploration of treatment strategies for cerebral cavernous malformations: two case reports on non-resection treatment and literature review
Authors: Han Yibo , Liang Dong , Guo Jing , Wang Yibao , Wang Yong 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundCavernous malformations are common vascular abnormalities of the central nervous system, but cavernous malformations of the cerebral aqueduct are rare. The choice of treatment is influenced by various factors.Case DescriptionWe report two cases of midbrain cavernous malformations. Both cases involved midbrain lesions obstructing the cerebral aqueduct, leading to obstructive hydrocephalus. The primary symptoms and complaints of the patients were related to hydrocephalus. Prior to surgery, patients underwent comprehensive imaging evaluations and received endoscopic third ventriculostomy rather than tumor resection. Both patients had favorable recoveries. We also reviewed the literature and discussed the choice of treatment strategies.ConclusionCavernous malformations are slow-progressing central nervous system lesions with a relatively benign natural course. When selecting a treatment strategy, clinicians should carefully consider the underlying cause of the patient’s primary symptoms and the specific objectives of the surgery. Avoiding overly aggressive resection that fails to address the main symptoms and potentially causes irreversible damage is crucial.
Direct antiglobulin test for the prediction of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia needing an intervention: a systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis
Authors: Kumar Krishnegowda Vijay , Ramaswamy Viraraghavan Vadakkencherry , Abiramalatha Thangaraj , Bandyopadhyay Tapas , S Abdul Kareem Pullattayil , Kannan Loganathan Prakash 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceThe direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is commonly used as a screening test for predicting significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia requiring intervention. However, evidence for this approach is limited.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of DAT in predicting the need for phototherapy and double volume exchange transfusion (DVET) in neonates with ABO and Rhesus (Rh) incompatibility conditions.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched from inception until 1 February 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers screened the titles and abstracts blinded to each other. A Bayesian bivariate random-effects model was employed for the diagnostic test accuracy meta-analyses. Risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy 2 and certainty of evidence (CoE) was adjudged according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) guidelines.ResultsIn total, 53 studies were included in the systematic review and 28 were synthesized in the meta-analysis. For the need for phototherapy outcome, the pooled sensitivity [95% credible interval (CrI)] and specificity (95% CrI) of DAT in ABO incompatibility (18 studies, n = 10,110) were 56.1% (44.5%–67.8%) and 83.6% (71.6%–90.8%). For Rh incompatibility (three studies, n = 491), the sensitivity and specificity were 40.4% (12.2%–81.7%) and 89.9% (72.7%–94.6%). The CoE was predominantly low. For the need for DVET outcome, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of DAT in ABO incompatibility (three studies, n = 2,652) were 83.6% (35.8%–99.6%) and 74.5% (40.3%–92.7%). For Rh incompatibility (two studies, n = 240), the sensitivity and specificity were 80.3% (34.2%–97.3%) and 68.0% (25.3%–92.1%). The CoE was predominantly very low.ConclusionIn ABO and Rh incompatibility, DAT probably has moderate specificity and low sensitivity for predicting the need for phototherapy. For DVET, though DAT is possibly a better predictor due to its acceptable sensitivity, the predictive interval was wide. Thus, we do not suggest the routine use of DAT screening to predict the need for phototherapy and DVET. However, it may be used as a second-tier investigation for risk stratification of high-risk neonates.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022297785, PROSPERO (CRD42022297785).
Age and estrogen-associated reductions in hypoxic ventilatory response and chemosensitivity in female rats
Authors: Grittner Jessica M. L. , Barok Rebecca , Juarez Lopez Edgar , Shah Misha , Dougherty Brendan J. 
Published: January 2025

Respiratory function is modulated by circulating steroid hormones. In female rats, steroid hormones fluctuate across the normal estrous cycle and decline with age, similar to human menopause. To determine the influence of steroid hormones, and mimic aspects of age-related reductions in hormones, the ovariectomy model is often employed. Ovariectomy (OVX) induces an immediate and persistent decrease in steroid hormones. The current study aimed to interrogate whether the OVX model of hormone reduction impacted specific aspects of respiratory function [chemosensitivity and the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR)] in a manner consistent with natural age-related declines in hormones. Using barometric plethysmography, three experimental groups of female rats were assessed for HVR, chemosensitivity, and respiratory neural drive during progressive hypoxic challenges (FIO2: 0.15, 0.12, and 0.09): young (3–5 mos. old; in proestrus; n = 10), young OVX (3–5 mos. old; n = 10), and aged (&gt;20 mos. old; n = 10). Our findings indicted that sex hormone loss did not appear to impact chemosensitivity or neural drive. Natural aging, but not OVX, resulted in decreased HVR as well as reduced magnitude in ventilatory output during stepwise hypoxia. Differences in metabolism were important to the interpretation of these results. Collectively, these data support the concept that aging impacts female respiratory function in complex and unique ways that differ from OVX.
Lipidomics-based association study reveals genomic signatures of anti-cancer qualities of pigmented rice sprouts
Authors: Tiozon Rhowell Navarro , Pasion-Uy Erstelle , Alseekh Saleh , Sartagoda Kristel June D. , Gempesaw Shem , Tolentino Joel H. G. , Fernie Alisdair R. , Sreenivasulu Nese 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe genetic wealth present in pigmented rice varieties offer abundant variation in different sources of antioxidants to meet nutritional security targets among rice-consuming communities. There is limited knowledge of the dynamic changes in the lipidome of rice during germination and the corresponding genes associated with the antioxidant and anti-cancerous properties of lipophilic fractions of pigmented rice sprouts (PRS).MethodsIn this study, we profiled the lipidome of diverse pigmented rice collections of germinated sprouts. Further, we employed Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), gene-set analysis, and targeted association analysis to identify the candidate genes linked to these lipids.ResultsThe genetic analyses revealed 72 candidate genes involved in the regulation of these accumulating lipids in PRS. Marker trait associations (MTA) analysis shown that the combination GGTAAC/ACAAGCTGGGCCC was associated with increased levels of unsaturated lipids and carotenoids, which likely underlie these beneficial effects. This superior MTA combination exhibited potent inhibitory activity against HCT116 and A549 cell lines, with average 1/IC50 values of 0.03 and 0.02 (mL/μg), respectively, compared to the inferior MTAs.DiscussionCollectively, our findings demonstrate that MTAs linked to selected GDSL esterase/lipase (GELP) genes, OsACP1, and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase significantly enhance antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, potentially through the mobilization of unsaturated lipids and carotenoids during germination. This study offers valuable insights into the health-promoting potential of germinated rice sprouts as a rich dietary source of antioxidants beneficial to human health.
Genome-wide association scan and candidate gene analysis for seed coat color in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Elsafy Mohammed , Badawi Wafa , Ibrahim Ahmed , Hafiz Baillo Elamin , Bajgain Prabin , Abdelhalim Tilal Sayed , Rahmatov Mahbubjon 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionSeed coat color in sesame is a crucial trait for breeding programs as it is closely associated with important characteristics such as oil content, protein levels, and disease resistance, which directly influence seed quality and market value.MethodsThis study investigates the genetic basis of seed coat color in 200 Sudanese sesame genotypes grown for two consecutive years through comprehensive phenotyping, genomic diversity analysis, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and candidate gene discovery.Results and discussionPhenotypic analysis across two growing seasons revealed high heritability and significant correlations among color parameters (L*, a*, and b*), indicating strong genetic control over seed coat color. The genomic analysis identified distinct clusters among sesame accessions, with rapid linkage disequilibrium decay suggesting a high level of recombination. GWAS identified significant SNPs associated with seed coat color traits, revealing key genomic regions on chromosomes 3, 6, 9, 12, and 13. Candidate gene analysis highlighted several genes, including DOF zinc finger proteins and WRKY transcription factors, which may play essential roles in pigment biosynthesis pathways. These findings provide valuable insights for breeding programs to enhance desirable seed coat color traits in sesame.
I’ve just seen a face: further search for face pareidolia in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Tomonaga Masaki 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionSeeing faces in random patterns, such as in clouds, is known as pareidolia. Two possible mechanisms can cause pareidolia: a bottom-up mechanism that automatically detects inverted triangle or top-heavy patterns, and a top-down mechanism that actively seeks out faces. Pareidolia has been reported in nonhuman animals as well. In chimpanzees, it has been suggested that the bottom-up mechanism is involved in their pareidolic perception, but the extent of the contribution of the top-down mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the role of topdown control in face detection in chimpanzees.MethodsAfter being trained on an oddity task in which they had to select a noise pattern where a face (either human or chimpanzee) or a letter (Kanji characters) was superimposed among three patterns, they were tested with noise patterns that did not contain any target stimuli.ResultsWhen the average images of the patterns selected by the chimpanzees in these test trials were analyzed and compared with those that were not selected (i.e., difference images), a clear non-random structure was found in the difference images. In contrast, such structures were not evident in the difference images obtained by assuming that one of the three patterns was randomly selected.DiscussionThese results suggest that chimpanzees may have been attempting to find “faces” or “letters”in random patterns possibly through some form of top-down processing.
Latent profile analysis of fatalism and its influencing factors among community-dwelling disabled elderly individuals
Authors: Du Jinlei , Wu Xiaoling , Zhang Qiyu , Wang Yuanxia , Chen Yao , Nie Chencong 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the latent profiles of fatalism among community-dwelling disabled elderly individuals and identify the key factors influencing these profiles. The findings will provide valuable insights for formulating tailored care management strategies for this population.DesignA cross-sectional survey study.MethodsA random sampling approach was used to survey disabled elderly individuals residing in 109 communities across eight urban districts in Sichuan Province. Data were collected through a general information questionnaire and a Fatalism Scale. Latent profile analysis was performed to identify distinct fatalism profiles, and multivariate unordered regression analysis was conducted to assess their influencing factors.ResultsThree distinct latent profiles of fatalism were identified: high fatalism and pessimism tendency (35.6%), moderate fatalism and low optimism tendency (9.6%), and low fatalism with relative optimism tendency (54.8%). Multivariate analysis revealed that living arrangements, number of children, educational level, duration of disability, and self-reported economic stress were significant factors influencing these fatalism profiles.ConclusionThere is significant heterogeneity in fatalism among community-dwelling disabled elderly individuals. Caregivers and healthcare managers can develop more precise and personalized management strategies by considering the different latent profiles and their associated influencing factors.
Pharmacist gatekeeper interventions for suicide prevention: how evidence from developed countries support their role in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Zhou Zixiao , Mohamed Fahim 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundApproximately 70% of self-poisoning suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).The implementation of pesticide bans has significantly reduced the rate of pesticide self-poisoning in these regions; however, this has been accompanied by a shift toward an increased incidence of pharmaceutical poisoning, highlighting the importance of intervention strategies to prevent pharmaceutical self-poisoning in the future. This report summarizes the existing evidence on community pharmacist gatekeeper interventions aimed at reducing pharmaceutical suicide to discuss their complementary role with pesticide bans in LMICs.MethodsThe literature review identified studies published between April 2014 and April 2024 using multiple keywords related to “suicide,” “intervention,” “pharmacist” and “gatekeeper” in various library databases. Data were extracted into a table for analysis.ResultsOnly eight relevant studies were found during the search period, and none quantified the impact of pharmacy gate keeper interventions. Community pharmacists became more confident and willing to intervene after pharmacist gatekeeper training. They demonstrated positive attitudes and improved knowledge and skills in responding to suicidal intent. However, the evidence supporting community pharmacy gatekeeper interventions primarily comes from developed countries. Furthermore, the role of pharmacists in preventing suicide relies on frequent contact between suicidal individuals and pharmacies in developed countries.ConclusionPharmacy gatekeeper interventions can be implemented in LMICs as a complement to pesticide bans, provided they are modified and adapted to suit the specific context of these regions. Further research is essential to tailor and implement successful strategies from developed countries to address the unique challenges faced by LMICs.
Investigation and analysis of sleep and mental health status among MEFCs
Authors: Yu Kangying , Song Shaozheng , Wu Liu , Chen Zhe 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the sleep status and mental health of migrants elderly who followed their children (MEFC) and analyze the influencing factors.MethodsA total of 583 MEFCs were surveyed using a general demographic questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale, and the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL90) scale.ResultsThe mean PSQI score for MEFCs was 6.98 ± 0.17, and the average SCL90 score was 64.06 ± 2.03. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that health status and adaptation to the migration destination were associated with PSQI scores (P &lt; 0.05). Health status, adaptation to the migration destination, and family harmony were associated with SCL90 scores (P &lt; 0.05). The association coefficient between the total PSQI and SCL90 scores was r=0.462 (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe sleep and mental health of MEFCs were at a normal level. Health status and adaptation influenced sleep status, while health status, adaptation, and family harmony impacted mental health. However, the association between mental health and sleep status was weak.