bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Puerarin Attenuates Iron Overload‐Induced Ferroptosis in Retina through a Nrf2‐Mediated Mechanism
Authors: Song Qiongtao , Jian Wenyuan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Qiang , Zhao Ying , Liu Rong , Zeng Yan , Zhang Fuwen , Duan Junguo 
Published: January 2024

ScopeAge‐related increases in retinal iron are involved in the development of retinal degeneration. The recently discovered iron‐dependent mechanism of cell death known as ferroptosis has been linked to a wide range of pathologies. However, its role in iron overload‐induced retinal degeneration is still uncertain. Puerarin has been associated with retinal protection. The purpose of this research is to determine how puerarin prevents retinal ferroptosis under iron overload conditions.Methods and resultsModels of iron overload in Kunming mice, 661W cell, and ARPE‐19 cell are established. Increased iron deposition significantly worsens retinal pathology, decreases cell viability, and induces ferroptotic changes. Puerarin mitigates iron overload‐induced ferroptosis by decreasing excessive iron through the regulation of iron handling proteins and lowering lipid peroxidation through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 expression and activation of the nuclear factor‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and downstream ferroptosis‐related proteins (solute carrier family 7 member 11, glutathione peroxidase 4 and heme oxygenase‐1). The protective effect of puerarin on ferroptosis is diminished by the Nrf2‐specific inhibitor ML385.ConclusionThese findings suggest targeting ferroptosis may be a novel strategy for the management of retinal degeneration. Puerarin may exert some of its ocular benefits by attenuating ferroptosis.
Strategies for deep learning‐based attenuation and scatter correction of brain 18F‐FDG PET images in the image domain
Authors: Jahangir Reza , Kamali‐Asl Alireza , Arabi Hossein , Zaidi Habib 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAttenuation and scatter correction is crucial for quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Direct attenuation correction (AC) in the image domain using deep learning approaches has been recently proposed for combined PET/MR and standalone PET modalities lacking transmission scanning devices or anatomical imaging.PurposeIn this study, different input settings were considered in the model training to investigate deep learning‐based AC in the image space.MethodsThree different deep learning methods were developed for direct AC in the image space: (i) use of non‐attenuation‐corrected PET images as input (NonAC‐PET), (ii) use of attenuation‐corrected PET images with a simple two‐class AC map (composed of soft‐tissue and background air) obtained from NonAC‐PET images (PET segmentation‐based AC [SegAC‐PET]), and (iii) use of both NonAC‐PET and SegAC‐PET images in a Double‐Channel fashion to predict ground truth attenuation corrected PET images with Computed Tomography images (CTAC‐PET). Since a simple two‐class AC map (generated from NonAC‐PET images) can easily be generated, this work assessed the added value of incorporating SegAC‐PET images into direct AC in the image space. A 4‐fold cross‐validation scheme was adopted to train and evaluate the different models based using 80 brain 18F‐Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT images. The voxel‐wise and region‐wise accuracy of the models were examined via measuring the standardized uptake value (SUV) quantification bias in different regions of the brain.ResultsThe overall root mean square error (RMSE) for the Double‐Channel setting was 0.157 ± 0.08 SUV in the whole brain region, while RMSEs of 0.214 ± 0.07 and 0.189 ± 0.14 SUV were observed in NonAC‐PET and SegAC‐PET models, respectively. A mean SUV bias of 0.01 ± 0.26% was achieved by the Double‐Channel model regarding the activity concentration in cerebellum region, as opposed to 0.08 ± 0.28% and 0.05 ± 0.28% SUV biases for the network that uniquely used NonAC‐PET or SegAC‐PET as input, respectively. SegAC‐PET images with an SUV bias of ‐1.15 ± 0.54%, served as a benchmark for clinically accepted errors. In general, the Double‐Channel network, relying on both SegAC‐PET and NonAC‐PET images, outperformed the other AC models.ConclusionSince the generation of two‐class AC maps from non‐AC PET images is straightforward, the current study investigated the potential added value of incorporating SegAC‐PET images into a deep learning‐based direct AC approach. Altogether, compared with models that use only NonAC‐PET and SegAC‐PET images, the Double‐Channel deep learning network exhibited superior attenuation correction accuracy.
Psychiatry referral and appointment attendance in a clinic for young adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Prince Elizabeth J. , Carroll C. Patrick , Pecker Lydia H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMental illness is a common sickle cell disease (SCD) comorbidity. This observational study evaluated psychiatry appointment attendance among 137 young adults with SCD. In their first year of adult SCD care, 43% of subjects were referred to psychiatry. Referral was associated with chronic transfusion therapy. Twenty‐four percent of subjects attended a psychiatry appointment; attendance was associated with the appointment being scheduled within 6 weeks of referral and no subject characteristics. Ninety‐one percent of subjects attending psychiatry appointments had a psychiatric disorder. Among young adults with SCD, psychiatric morbidity is high. Psychiatric services are, therefore, essential for this patient population.
Insight into the mechanical properties and thermal expansion behavior of epoxy nanocomposites reinforced with multi‐walled carbon nanotube solvent‐free nanofluids
Authors: He Zhongjie , Qin Menglan , Yao Dongdong , Zheng Yaping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEpoxy resin (EP) is a promising material that exhibits great potential in the fields of packaging and adhesion. However, reducing its brittleness and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) at low filler content is still a challenge. To address this problem, three types of MWCNTs nanofluids (MWCNTs NFs) with different shell structures were designed to modify epoxy resin. With the addition of 1 wt% MWCNTs‐M1, the compression, impact, and lap shear strength of the composites increased to 88.97 MPa, 81.39 kJ/m2, 12.69 MPa, respectively, which are 21.7%, 66.1%, and 58.0% higher than pure epoxy. Meanwhile, incorporating MWCNTs NFs also improved the CTE and thermal conductivity, with a 19.7% decrease in CTE and a 40% improvement in thermal conductivity at 2 wt% NFs content. Particularly, the effect of MWCNTs NFs structure on the composite properties was explored, which can be an available reference for designing specific NFs epoxy composites.Highlights
Three types of MWCNTs nanofluids with different structures were designed.
The MWCNTs NFs were used in packaging materials for the first time.
The impact performance of composite has been improved by 66%.
The CTE of composite is 19.7% lower than pure EP.
The thermal conductivity of the composite increased by 40%.
Photostability of sennosides and their aglycones in solution
Authors: Meier Nadja , Meier Beat , Schenk Alexander , Ziegler Le Nhung , Peter Samuel , Wolfram Evelyn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionSennosides are the main active constituents of the dried leaves and/or pods of Senna alexandrina Mill. that are used as laxatives. A hypothesis is that aglycones are formed during the degradation of sennosides. However, it is unknown, whether this happens under visible light exposure and how photosensitive sennosides behave in solution.ObjectivesPure anthraquinone glycosides were tested on their behaviour during sample preparation in the lab under visible light exposure in dependence on the instability of the solvent.Materials and methodsSamples before and after exposure were analysed using UHPLC with UV/Vis and MS detection.ResultsUnder visible light protection, the solutions were stable for 14 days at room temperature whereas a loss of 20%–60% was measured after 1 day of light exposure. The loss of sennosides due to degradation can be as fast as up to 2%–2.5% per hour, which might have a tremendous impact on phytochemical analysis results during the course of an analysis. The formation of aglycones was not observed in the degradation of sennosides and rhein‐8‐O‐glucoside.ConclusionAglycones could not be found as a result of the forced degradation. The solutions of sennosides clearly need to be protected from light to obtain reliable analytical results, and light protection is a major point for the stability of liquid preparations.
Delayed‐onset UV‐curable adhesives with long‐term storage stability by Michael addition reaction between multifunctional acrylate and acetoacetic acid esters using photobase generators
Authors: Tanaka Yuya , Aoki Daisuke , Arimitsu Koji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing demand for UV‐delayed curable adhesives that bond lightproof adherends. Anionic UV‐curing with photobase generators (PBGs) is promising as a delayed‐onset UV‐curing system because of its slow termination reaction without concerns pertaining to metal corrosion. However, one‐component anionic UV adhesives with high reactivity at room temperature and long‐term storage stability are challenging to develop. Herein, we describe an anionic UV‐curing system based on the Michael addition of acetoacetic acid esters (AAs) and acrylates with trans‐o‐coumaric acid (Cou)‐type PBGs that release organic superbases. The AA/acrylate curing system demonstrated UV‐delayed curability, as evidenced by FT‐IR studies, at an exposure dose of 1600 mJ/cm2 under 365 nm LED‐UV irradiation. Intriguingly, the delayed‐onset adhesive, composed of bifunctional rigid AA, multifunctional acrylate, and Cou‐type PBG, bonded lightproof copper substrates with a lap shear strength of 6.1 MPa. Furthermore, this one‐component UV adhesive showed excellent storage stability; the solution state was retained for >14 days at 40°C. This long‐term storage stability is due to the appropriate acidity of the active methylene protons of the AAs—stability is retained as long as no superbase is produced from the Cou‐type PBG after UV irradiation.
Inactivation pathways of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus induced by transient spark discharge in liquids
Authors: Lavrikova Aleksandra , Dadi Nitin Chandra Teja , Bujdáková Helena , Hensel Karol 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCold plasma finds considerable interest in biodecontamination. A major issue is to elucidate the pathways of plasma–bacteria interaction. The present work aims at studying inactivation mechanisms for planktonic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus induced by cold plasma generated by a transient spark discharge. Changes in bacterial viability, metabolic activity, membrane integrity, intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and cell morphology reveal different patterns of cellular damage of the bacteria. Our results emphasize the importance of cell membrane integrity and maintenance of intracellular redox balatnce to resist plasma treatment. The physicochemical properties of the plasma‐treated liquid (PTL) are monitored. Acidification and accumulation of various reactive species including •OH, H2O2, ONOOH, and NO3− in PTL play crucial roles in bacterial inactivation.
Types of home respiratory support in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and factors determining its duration: A scoping review
Authors: Zafar Adnan , Hall Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBronchopulmonary dysplasia also known as chronic lung disease of prematurity has changed as a disease entity over the last five decades and children with “new bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)” have better survival rates. This necessitates strategies to prevent severe BPD and provide organized home support. Home respiratory support in these children varies from home oxygen to noninvasive ventilation and tracheostomy ventilation. This review was conducted utilizing Joanna Briggs Institute publications on evidence synthesis and presentation of results for a scoping review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses were used to report the results. The risk of bias assessment was done using “The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews tool for interventional studies.” After screening for the duplication of results and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty‐seven studies were assessed by reading the full texts. Out of these, eleven were finally included in this systematic review. The total sample size from all studies was 4794, including 2705 males. The 4/11 studies home oxygen, one study reported continuous positive airway pressure/bilevel positive airway pressure and seven studies used tracheostomy or tracheostomy ventilation. The median duration of post‐natal invasive ventilation was higher in those discharged on home oxygen compared to those who did not need oxygen at discharge. There is a significant proportion of children who are tracheostomy ventilated (8.65%) at home. In the absence of established guidelines, these children are vulnerable when it comes to care at home and the timing of decannulation. For home oxygen alone, guidelines by ERS, ATS and BTS have streamlined weaning protocols and the need for having a multi‐disciplinary team to care for these children.
Dynamic event‐based consensus of multi‐agent systems with secure mode resilient to DoS attack
Authors: Lin Yuxin , Hao Yuqing , Xu Tao , Wang Qingyun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this article, the resilient leaderless consensus problem for a multi‐agent system (MAS) under denial‐of‐service(DoS) attack is investigated. The DoS attack is carried out with multiple strategies. The sufficient condition for MASs achieving consensus under multi‐mode DoS attack is developed. In order to actively alleviate the influence caused by the DoS attack, the MAS switches between normal and secure modes. Once a DoS attack occurs, the agents will switch into the secure mode with a lower open‐loop divergence rate. A dynamic event‐based consensus protocol is proposed, driving the MAS achieve consensus while saving communication resources effectively. Moreover, rigorous proof analysis demonstrates the Zeno‐free property of the developed dynamic event‐triggered mechanism. Finally, a numerical simulation is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.
Detection of the +3 Oxidation State of Metal Ions with the Aid of a Rhodamine‐Based Dye and Applications in Construction of Complex Logic Circuits and Living Cell Imaging
Authors: Ghosh Sneha , Hazra Ananta , Bari Sibshankar , Dutta Tiasha , Mandal Sushil Kumar , Ghosh Pritam , Roy Partha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDetection of correct oxidation state of a metal ion is important to understand its speciation and redox properties. Some of rhodamine derivatives can identify Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ as the trivalent cations. We have synthesized a rhodamine derivative, HL‐qui, from the reaction of N‐(rhodamine‐6G)lactam‐ethylenediamine with quinoline‐2‐carboxaldehyde for the colorimetric as well as fluorogenic detection of all of metal ions with +3 oxidation state such as Al3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Ga3+, In3+, Tl3+ and Gd3+. In the presence of these trivalent cations, colorless and nonfluorescent HL‐qui turns pink and strongly fluorescent in HEPES buffer (10 mM) in H2O/ethanol=1/9 (v/v) (pH 7.4) as its spirolactam ring gets open to show the changes in color and fluorescence properties. High sensitivity of the probe towards the cations is reflected from the limit of detection values that are in nM range. To the best of our knowledge, there is no such report where fluorescence sensing has been utilized to determine oxidation state. This multi‐ion sensing feature has been used for fabrication of multi input‐output based logic circuit using Boolean algebraic method. It has been used in imaging of metal ions in living cell (L6 cells).
Silicon‐Doped Graphene as a Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide: A Molecular Simulation Study
Authors: Vallejo Narváez Wilmer Esteban , Fomine Serguei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe catalytic effect of Si‐doped graphene nanoflakes (NFs) on CO2 reduction with molecular hydrogen was explored theoretically at the TPSS/def2‐SVP+D3BJ level of theory. Substituting carbon with silicon generates defects in the NF structure, which leads to a polyradical ground state of the NF. The silicon defect enhances the reactivity towards the substrates. Si‐doped graphene NFs exhibit higher catalytic activity for CO2 reduction to formic acid than silicene. Notably, Si‐doped graphene favors formic acid over carbon monoxide, which is similar to silicene. Formic acid to formaldehyde and formaldehyde to methanol conversions have also been studied, sometimes showing improved efficacy of Si‐doped graphene over silicene. The final reduction step, the methanol to methane reaction, occurs in four steps, with the rate‐determining step involving hydrogen transfer from silicon to methyl, whose activation energy is lower than that of silicene. Si‐doped graphene NFs act as better catalysts with lower activation energies than those of silicene. Overall, silicon‐doped graphene enhanced the catalytic activity while maintaining the environmental stability of the graphene.
Understanding Decomposition Mechanism of Acetone under Electric Pulsed Discharge: Generation of C3O+ and C3H4O+ ions
Authors: Sharma Pramod , Das Soumitra , Majumder Chiranjib 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGas‐phase investigations on acetone, under the influence of electric pulsed discharge has provided distinct insight related to its decomposition. Time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry has been utilized to identify different products generated upon dissociation/ionization of acetone, under the influence of electric discharge. In addition to molecular (C3H6O+) and protonated acetone (C3H7O+) ions, predominant ions signal corresponding to C3H4O+, C3O+ and CH3CO+ were observed in the mass spectrum. Under discharge condition, acetone undergoes soft dissociation/ionization producing C3H4O+ and C3O+ ions, which are distinctive from usual fragment ions reported upon decomposition of acetone, in the gas‐phase. Though metastable in nature, significant ion yield has been obtained for C3O+ ions. Computational studies have been carried out to understand the mechanism of acetone decomposition in gas‐phase. Based on experimental and computational findings, generation of these ions (C3O+ and C3H4O+) has been ascribed to step‐wise H2 elimination reaction originating from acetone molecule, followed by ionization of resultant fragments under the influence of electric pulsed discharge. Present studies are of relevance for plasma pyrolysis of volatile organic compounds and laboratory astrochemical investigations.
Uniform Synthesis of Bilayer Hydrogen Substituted Graphdiyne for Flexible Piezoresistive Applications
Authors: Josline Mukkath Joseph , Ghods Soheil , Kosame Saikiran , Choi Jun‐Hui , Kim Woongchan , Kim Sein , Chang SooHyun , Hyun Sang Hwa , Kim Seung‐Il , Moon Ji‐Yun , Park Hyeong Gi , Cho Sung Beom , Ju Heongkyu , Lee Jae‐Hyun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGraphdiyne (GDY) has garnered significant attention as a cutting‐edge 2D material owing to its distinctive electronic, optoelectronic, and mechanical properties, including high mobility, direct bandgap, and remarkable flexibility. One of the key challenges hindering the implementation of this material in flexible applications is its large area and uniform synthesis. The facile growth of centimeter‐scale bilayer hydrogen substituted graphdiyne (Bi‐HsGDY) on germanium (Ge) substrate is achieved using a low‐temperature chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. This material's field effect transistors (FET) showcase a high carrier mobility of 52.6 cm2 V−1 s−1 and an exceptionally low contact resistance of 10 Ω µm. By transferring the as‐grown Bi‐HsGDY onto a flexible substrate, a long‐distance piezoresistive strain sensor is demonstrated, which exhibits a remarkable gauge factor of 43.34 with a fast response time of ≈275 ms. As a proof of concept, communication by means of Morse code is implemented using a Bi‐HsGDY strain sensor. It is believed that these results are anticipated to open new horizons in realizing Bi‐HsGDY for innovative flexible device applications.
Silver Nanowires‐Based Flexible Gold Electrode Overcoming Interior Impedance of Nanomaterial Electrodes
Authors: Xue Hongsheng , Shi Yacheng , Tian Wenshuai , Cao Meng , Cao Houyong , Na Zhaolin , Jiang Ge , Jin Zhengmu , Lang Ming‐Fei , Liu Yang , Sun Jing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the development of nanomaterial electrodes for improved electrocatalytic activity, much attention is paid to the compositions, lattice, and surface morphologies. In this study, a new concept to enhance electrocatalytic activity is proposed by reducing impedance inside nanomaterial electrodes. Gold nanodendrites (AuNDs) are grown along silver nanowires (AgNWs) on flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) support. The AuNDs/AgNWs/PDMS electrode affords an oxidative peak current density of 50 mA cm−2 for ethanol electrooxidation, a value ≈20 times higher than those in the literature do. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrates the significant contribution of the AgNWs to reduce impedance. The peak current densities for ethanol electrooxidation are decreased 7.5‐fold when the AgNWs are electrolytically corroded. By in situ surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and density functional theory (DFT) simulation, it is validated that the ethanol electrooxidation favors the production of acetic acid with undetectable CO, resulting in a more complete oxidation and long‐term stability, while the AgNWs corrosion greatly decreases acetic acid production. This novel strategy for fabricating nanomaterial electrodes using AgNWs as a charge transfer conduit may stimulate insights into the design of nanomaterial electrodes.
Piezoelectric Catalysis Induces Tumor Cell Senescence to Boost Chemo‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Hao Zining , Guo Shu , Tu Wenkang , Wang Qiang , Wang Jing , Zhang Xuwu , He Yuchu , Gao Dawei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCellular senescence, a vulnerable state of growth arrest, has been regarded as a potential strategy to weaken the resistance of tumor cells, leading to dramatic improvements in treatment efficacy. However, a selective and efficient strategy for inducing local tumor cellular senescence has not yet been reported. Herein, piezoelectric catalysis is utilized to reduce intracellular NAD+ to NADH for local tumor cell senescence for the first time. In detail, a biocompatible nanomedicine (BTO/Rh‐D@M) is constructed by wrapping the piezoelectric BaTiO3/(Cp*RhCl2)2 (BTO/Rh) and doxorubicin (DOX) in the homologous cytomembrane with tumor target. After tumors are stimulated by ultrasound, negative and positive charges are generated on the BTO/Rh by piezoelectric catalysis, which reduce the intracellular NAD+ to NADH for cellular senescence and oxidize H2O to reactive oxygen species (ROS) for mitochondrial damage. Thus, the therapeutic efficacy of tumor immunogenic cell death‐induced chemo‐immunotherapy is boosted by combining cellular senescence, DOX, and ROS. The results indicate that 23.9% of the piezoelectric catalysis‐treated tumor cells senesced, and solid tumors in mice disappeared completely after therapy. Collectively, this study highlights a novel strategy to realize cellular senescence utilizing piezoelectric catalysis and the significance of inducing tumor cellular senescence to improve therapeutic efficacy.