bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B029: Genetic changes & polymorphisms of neurotransmitter receptors associated with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients
Authors: Obadipe John Abiodun , Samuel Titilola Aderonke , Akinloye Oluyemi , Jimoh Mutiu Alani , Alabi Adewunmi Olabimpe , Alabi Babatunde M. , Adewusi Oluwabanke Temitope , Odero-marah Valerie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) affect cancer patients’ survival and quality of life, despite antiemetic intervention. Polymorphisms in genes involved in nausea and vomiting pathways may influence the risk of CINV response in most cancer patients, who still present with acute and delayed CINV. Hence, this study aimed at profiling Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of three clinically significant neurotransmitter-receptor encoding genes in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This is a prospective cross-sectional study of 299 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, ages 18-75 years, who were selected across three tertiary healthcare institutions in South-west, Nigeria. Socio-demographic, clinical data and CINV occurrence responses were obtained using a self-designed questionnaire and patient interview post-chemotherapy. Target genes from genomic DNA extracted in collected blood samples were amplified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Nucleotide sequences were identified by Next Generation Sequencing and analyzed using bioinformatics software. P&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant for the association between identified SNPs and CINV. The majority of participants presented with advanced-stage cancer (stage 3) as compared to that early-stage 1. Cancer patients who experienced CINV were highly prevalent in breast cancer [84(62.9%); 41(30.60%)] and cervical cancer [33(50%); 33(45.46%)]. SNPs alongside their positions and frequencies were identified in the participants; HTR3A [(5’UTR; rs1062613(C&gt;T), 9(45%)], DRD2 [Exon7; rs6277(G&gt;A), 16(80%), intron 6; rs1076560 (C&gt;A), 16(80%)], COMT [Exon 4; rs4680(G&gt;A), 19(95%)] and TACR1 [Exon2; Y192H(T&gt;C), 11(55%) and Exon 4; (rs17838409 (G&gt;A)] respectively. None of the SNPs was significantly (P&gt;0.05) associated with CINV occurrence. However, rs1062613, rs6277, and rs4680 were significantly (P&lt;0.05) associated with vomiting grade, while rs4680 was found to be significantly associated with nausea severity. The identified neurotransmitter receptors SNPs exert influence on CINV response in cancer patients.
Citation Format: John Abiodun Obadipe, Titilola Aderonke Samuel, Oluyemi Akinloye, Mutiu Alani Jimoh, Adewunmi Olabimpe Alabi, Babatunde M. Alabi, Oluwabanke Temitope Adewusi, Valerie Odero-marah. Genetic changes & polymorphisms of neurotransmitter receptors associated with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B029.
Abstract B088: Association of neighborhood gentrification with prostate cancer in African American and European American men
Authors: Pichardo Catherine M. , Ezeani Adaora , Pichardo Margaret , Agurs-Collins Tanya , Powell-Wiley Tiffany M. , Ryan Brid , Minas Tsion , Bailey-Whyte Maeve , Tang Wei , Dorsey Tiffany H. , Wooten William , Loffredo Christopher A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Abstract Background: Prior studies showed that neighborhood deprivation increases the risk of lethal prostate cancer. However, the role of neighborhood gentrification in prostate cancer development and outcome remains poorly understood. We examined the relationships of gentrification with prostate cancer in a diverse cohort. Methods: This case-control study included 769 cases [405 African American (AA), 364 European American (EA) men] and 1023 controls (479 AA, 544 EA), with 219 all-cause and 59 prostate cancer-specific deaths among cases. Geocodes were linked to a neighborhood gentrification index (NGI) derived from US Census data. Cox and logistic regression were used to determine associations between NGI, as continuous or quintiles (Q), and outcomes. Results: Adjusting for individual socioeconomic status (SES), continuous NGI was associated with prostate cancer among all men (odds ratio (OR) 1.07, 95%CI 1.01-1.14). AA experienced the highest odds of prostate cancer when residing in tracts with moderate gentrification (Q3 OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.11-2.88). However, EA men experienced a reduced risk of regional/metastatic cancer (risk ratio 0.62, 95%CI 0.40-0.97) with increased gentrification, adjusting for SES. Continuous NGI was associated with mortality among men presenting with localized disease (all-cause HR 1.10, 95%CI 1.01-1.20; disease-specific SHR 1.16, 95%CI: 1.01-1.33). Conclusions: Findings show that neighborhood gentrification modestly associates with prostate cancer and mortality in this diverse population. They suggest that changing neighborhood socioeconomic environments may affect prostate cancer risk and outcome, likely through multifactorial mechanisms.
Citation Format: Catherine M. Pichardo, Adaora Ezeani, Margaret Pichardo, Tanya Agurs-Collins, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, Brid Ryan, Tsion Minas, Maeve Bailey-Whyte, Wei Tang, Tiffany H. Dorsey, William Wooten, Christopher A. Loffredo. Association of neighborhood gentrification with prostate cancer in African American and European American men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B088.
Abstract B118: Racial and ethnic minorities remain underrepresented in cancer clinical trials despite local cancer incidence
Authors: Herremans Kelly M. , Riner Andrea N. , Vudatha Vignesh , Freudenberger Devon C. , Trevino Jose G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Over the last two decades, racial and ethnic minorities have been underrepresented in cancer clinical trials. Some have suggested that location is a barrier to inclusion in cancer clinical trials. The aim of this project is to assess how diversity of cancer clinical trials reflect their surrounding communities. Methods: Cancer clinical trials for the top five most deadly cancers including lung, breast, prostate, colon and pancreatic were selected from ClinicalTrials.gov. Trials were excluded if they were conducted outside the US or in multiple NIH-designated health service areas (HSA). Location-specific enrollment fractions were determined by comparing the proportion of trial participants to the local cancer incidence. National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) state cancer profiles (statecancerprofiles.cancer.gov) were used to determine HSA-specific data of cancer incidence by race and ethnicity. Results: 904 cancer clinical trials were identified from 2008-2022, including lung (n=157), breast (n= 330), prostate (n=219), colon (n=111) and pancreas (n=87). Overall, reporting of race and ethnicity was poor with only 53.6% of total trials reporting race and 35.9% reporting ethnicity. Compared to the local cancer incidence surrounding trial centers, White patients were overrepresented (p&lt;0.0001), whereas Black (p&lt;0.0001), Asian/Pacific Islander (p&lt;0.0001), American Indian/Alaskan (p&lt;0.0001) and Hispanic (p=0.004) were underrepresented. Furthermore, Black patients were underrepresented across breast (p=0.009), prostate (p&lt;0.0001), lung (p&lt;0.0001), colon (p=0.027) and pancreas (p&lt;0.0001) cancer clinical trials when compared to the local cancer incidence. Conclusion: Racial and ethnic minority patients remain underrepresented in cancer clinical trials when compared to local cancer incidence. These findings reaffirm that location is not the only barrier to cancer clinical trial participation. Further efforts are needed to reduce healthcare disparities and improve patient care.
Citation Format: Kelly M. Herremans, Andrea N. Riner, Vignesh Vudatha, Devon C. Freudenberger, Jose G. Trevino. Racial and ethnic minorities remain underrepresented in cancer clinical trials despite local cancer incidence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B118.
Abstract B120: Association of allostatic load with prostate-specific antigen level among Nigerian men
Authors: Olowokere Olanike , Olasehinde Olutola , De Campos Opeyemi C. , Adebesin Ayomide , Bisi-Adeniyi Titilayomi , Tolulope Olawole , Onyia Abimbola , Rotimi Oluwakemi , Rotimi Solomon Oladapo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: Prostate cancer is a prevalent disease among men worldwide, and early detection plays a crucial role in improving patient outcomes. It has been suggested that chronic stress could increase the risk of developing prostate cancer, however, the association between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and chronic stress, as measured by allostatic load (AL) - remains poorly understood. Hence, this study aims to investigate the association between PSA levels and allostatic load among Nigerian men. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 80 males in Ota, Nigeria. Data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, medical history, and occupational stressors were collected through structured questionnaires. Blood samples were obtained to measure PSA levels, and the allostatic load was assessed using a composite index based on physiological indicators such as blood pressure, lipid profile, glycemic control, and inflammatory markers. Multiple linear regression analysis will be used to examine the association between PSA, AL, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status. Expected Results: We hypothesize a positive correlation between PSA levels and allostatic load among Nigerian men. Hence, this suggests that higher levels of allostatic load, an indicator of chronic stress and physiological dysregulation, may be associated with elevated PSA levels. Conclusion: If a positive correlation between PSA and allostatic load is established, it could suggest that managing chronic stress and improving physiological regulation might have a positive impact on prostate health.
Citation Format: Olanike Olowokere, Olutola Olasehinde, Opeyemi C. De Campos, Ayomide Adebesin, Titilayomi Bisi-Adeniyi, Olawole Tolulope, Abimbola Onyia, Oluwakemi Rotimi, Solomon Oladapo Rotimi. Association of allostatic load with prostate-specific antigen level among Nigerian men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B120.
Abstract B124: An assessment of awareness on oral cancer among smokeless tobacco users in the rural skirts of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Francis Delfin Lovelina , SP Saravanan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background In India, the number of newly diagnosed tobacco related cancers has been estimated at approximately 250 000 out of a total of 700 000–900 000 new cancers diagnosed each year. Smokeless tobacco (ST) is tobacco consumed orally, not smoked. It has been in use for as long as other forms of tobacco consumption and its use have increased. The deleterious effects of smokeless tobacco use are perhaps not as well-known as those produced by smoking. Smokeless tobacco use has been recognized as a cause of cancer. In developing countries, tobacco is mostly chewed with other ingredients. The aim of this study is to assess the awareness of health hazards of tobacco among smokeless tobacco users in Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India. METHODOLOGY The inhabitants of the villages in Kancheepuram district were recruited after ethical clearance from the institutional ethical board, permission from the Village panchayat leader and informed consent from the participants to conduct the study. Inhabitants of the villages aged 18 to 75 years and present on the day data collection and who were willing to participate in the study were included.Random sampling method was used and data was collected from a cross-sectional survey, using a pretested Questionnaire, which included Demographic data, tobacco habits, its frequency and form.Anti-tobacco counselling was given on the spot and followed.The data collected was analysed using SPSS version21. RESULT: The study population consisted of total 800 individuals, male 400 and females 400. From the results it is observed that more than 70% were unaware of the harmful effects of using tobacco products. Majority of the females use smokeless tobacco and smoking tobacco was common among males. Most common cause of tobacco use was pleasure 32.5% and inducing factor were friends 43.7%. High prevalence of potentially malignant lesion were found among this population. Effectiveness of anti-tobacco counselling is greater among the females compared to males. CONCLUSION: The dangers from smoking and chewing tobacco are well documented within the literature but the public’s lack of knowledge of the risks is a concern. Health professionals are encouraged to disseminate information on the subject as widely as possible and improve existing screening programmes to ensure that the public is made aware of these risks, especially those within high-risk groups.
Citation Format: Delfin Lovelina Francis, Saravanan SP. An assessment of awareness on oral cancer among smokeless tobacco users in the rural skirts of Tamil Nadu, India [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B124.
Abstract B125: Reproductive factors and thyroid cancer risk: The multiethnic cohort study
Authors: Abe Janine V. , Park Song-Yi , Haiman Christopher A. , Marchand Loïc Le , Hernandez Brenda Y. , Wilkens Lynne R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background : Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer worldwide, with the incidence in women being three times that of men. Several reproductive and hormonal factors have been proposed as possible contributors to thyroid cancer risk, including age at menarche, parity, age at menopause, oral contraceptive use, surgical menopause, and hormone replacement therapy. Our study aimed to investigate potential reproductive/hormonal factors in a multiethnic population. Methods : A prospective cohort study of women of diverse racial and ethnic groups in the Multiethnic Cohort Study (n=118,344) was used. Included were 373 papillary thyroid cancer cases, linked to SEER cancer incidence and statewide death certificate files in Hawaii and California. Exposures investigated include age at menarche, parity, menopausal status and type, birth control use, and outcomes of first pregnancy. Cox proportional hazards models of papillary thyroid cancer were used to obtain relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to examine the associations with reproductive/hormonal factors. Results : We observed a statistically significant increased risk of papillary thyroid cancer for hysterectomy, oophorectomy, surgical menopause, and not having a child by age 20. The adjusted estimates for oophorectomy RR 1.66 (95% CI: 1.31, 2.11) and hysterectomy RR 1.82 (95% CI: 1.42, 2.34). Menopause due to surgery was associated with a 55% increase in risk (RR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.97) and nulliparity vs ≤ 20 years of age at first livebirth was related to a 51% increased risk (adjusted RR 1.51, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.15). Adjustment factors included age and race/ethnicity and menopausal status, menopausal type, and oral contraception where appropriate. Former use of estrogen menopausal hormone therapy was associated with a 35% increased risk (adjusted RR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.79). No significant heterogeneity was seen in these associations by race/ethnicity (p het &gt;0.48). Conclusion : The reproductive risk factors for papillary thyroid cancer reported in the literature were largely confirmed in our multiethnic population. Our analysis finds having a hysterectomy or oophorectomy and the use of MHT are associated with an increased risk of papillary thyroid cancer, and having a child at a younger age is associated with a reduction in thyroid cancer risk.
Citation Format: Janine V. Abe, Song-Yi Park, Christopher A. Haiman, Loïc Le Marchand, Brenda Y. Hernandez, Lynne R. Wilkens. Reproductive factors and thyroid cancer risk: The multiethnic cohort study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B125.
Abstract B136: Hypertension, anti-hypertensive drug use, and breast cancer survival among Black women
Authors: Barnard Mollie E. , Xu Nuo N. , Jones Dennis , Palmer Julie R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: In the United States (US), Black women are 59% more likely to have hypertension than White women. US Black women are also 40% more likely to die from breast cancer when compared to US White women, yet the associations between hypertension, use of anti-hypertensive medications, and breast cancer survival are not well-established in this population. Methods: The prospective Black Women’s Health Study includes 1,757 women with invasive breast cancer diagnosed at stages 1, 2 or 3. Data on physician-diagnosed hypertension and use of anti-hypertensive medications (i.e., angiotensin II receptor blockers [ARBs], angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, beta blockers, and diuretics) are collected every two years. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age and stage at breast cancer diagnosis to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals for associations of untreated and treated hypertension around the time of breast cancer diagnosis with breast cancer survival. Results: The HR for breast cancer mortality was 1.60 (1.10, 2.34) for women with untreated hypertension relative to women without hypertension. The association was especially strong among Stage 2/3 cases (HR=1.89 [1.25, 2.87]) and estrogen receptor negative cases (HR=1.96 [1.11, 3.48]). Women with treated hypertension did not have a higher risk of breast cancer-specific death relative to women without hypertension (HR=0.96 [0.73, 1.27]), although there was some evidence of variation by type of anti-hypertensive used. HRs were 0.86 (0.54, 1.37), 1.04 (0.68, 1.57), 1.26 (0.85, 1.87), and 1.25 (0.85, 1.86) for hypertensive women who used ARBs, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and diuretics, respectively. Conclusions: Among Black women with hypertension, breast cancer-specific survival is better if the hypertension is treated. Data from our study and others suggest that treatment with ARBs or ACE inhibitors may be especially beneficial when a key concern is breast cancer-specific survival.
Citation Format: Mollie E. Barnard, Nuo N. Xu, Dennis Jones, Julie R. Palmer. Hypertension, anti-hypertensive drug use, and breast cancer survival among Black women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B136.
Abstract B146: Development of PRANA: Portal for Research, Analysis and traiNing of breAthing
Authors: Balasubramanian Sundaravadivel , Nixon Crystal , Sterba Katharine R. , Warren Graham W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cancer survivorship is a challenging path involving symptoms that afflict both the physical and emotional aspects of life. Cancer survivors are increasingly adopting to newer tools that could be potentially beneficial in symptom relief. One such approach is yogic breathing, a set of breathing practices from the yoga tradition and can be a powerful tool to address both the mind and the body. Breathing regulation is a common technique in several cultures and practices and known to improve wellbeing. While mind-body practices are common among cancer patients, African American cancer patients have low accessibility to these tools although they are open to adopt these lifestyle practices. Our previous studies have shown salivary biomarker changes, and emotional improvement such as reduced stress in response to breathing exercises. We use these breathing exercises in a lodging facility (Hope Lodge) for cancer patients and caregivers during the treatment period. To improve the treatment delivery for remote learning in a culturally acceptable manner we are creating a web portal (named PRANA, meaning vital energy; and an acronym for Portal for Research, Analysis, and traiNing of breAthing) that will house several breathing exercises that would allow participants to choose depending upon their current state of mind and body. The Prana portal will be useful in delivering breathing exercises to patients from remote areas and places where yogic breathing is not provided commonly. We have created the alpha version of the animation characters, exercise scripts, and voiceover. Their cultural suitability is analyzed within the research group and by working with the Participant Engagement Groups (PEGS) through the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute. These animations will be constructed into a web portal for beta testing and will be available to present at this AACR meeting. Owing to the tailored nature of the practice, this tool will be acceptable by a large proportion of African American cancer survivors. Additionally, the portal would be a resource for researchers that are interested in studying individual breathing exercises.
Citation Format: Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian, Crystal Nixon, Katharine R. Sterba, Graham W. Warren. Development of PRANA: Portal for Research, Analysis and traiNing of breAthing [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B146.