bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geospatial analysis of spatial distribution, patterns, and relationships of health status in the belt and road initiative
Authors: Li Jie , Xu Zejia , Wang Hongxi , Li Lingling , Zhu Hong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Health Silk Road plays a crucial role in the Belt and Road Initiative, and comprehending the health status within the participating countries is fundamental for fostering cooperation in public health. This paper collected five health indicators to represent the health status of the Belt and Road countries. Employing spatial statistics, the spatial patterns of health indicators and the associations with influencing factors were investigated. The utilized spatial statistics encompass spatial autocorrelation methods, geographical detector and spatial lag model. The results revealed obvious disparities and significant positive spatial autocorrelation of health indicators within the Belt and Road countries. Specifically, countries in Sub-Saharan Africa exhibited significant clustering of limited health indicators, while countries in Europe and Central Asia demonstrated significant clustering of robust health indicators. Furthermore, the health indicators exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity and association with the influencing factors. Universal health coverage, household air pollution, and the prevalence of undernourishment emerge as influential factors affecting health indicators. Overall, our findings highlighted complex influencing factors that contributed to the profound health inequalities across the Belt and Road countries. These factors should be duly considered in public health collaborations within the Belt and Road Initiative.
Numerical modelling on geotechnical features of soil mixture using recycled tire crumb to strengthen the seismic isolation in building
Authors: Raj J. Cici Jennifer , Kumar M. Vinod , Kırgız Mehmet Serkan , Nagaprasad N. , Ramaswamy Krishnaraj 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this research, the performance pertaining to tire crumb obtained from scrap tire processing plants is discussed. These tire crumbs are blended with soil at a 30% ratio. When subjected to seismic load, the performance of the 30% tire crumb combination is superior to the 0% tire crumb combination. The investigation is classified into two phases. Phase 1 of the study involves conducting an experimental investigation by applying cyclic loads to a model footing that was resting on the soil with and without tire crumbs. This study reveals that a 30% tire crumb combination achieves optimum energy absorption and minimal footing stiffness, which is a crucial component needed for base isolation. Additionally, using the PLAXIS 2D software package, finite element analysis was carried out during the second phase of the study. For this study, a three-story residential building close to the border between India and Nepal is used. Three different disastrous seismic excitations are applied to the building. From this analytical analysis, it is reported that a 60–70% reduction in acceleration is attained for 30% tire crumb combination with soil. Therefore, from the two phases, it is evaluated that the inclusion of tire crumbs with soil is an excellent seismic base isolation material.
A bench study on the prevention of lung-to-lung aspiration with double-lumen endobronchial tubes and bronchial blockers
Authors: Kim Hyerim , Seol Taikyung , Han Sung-Hee , Kim Honghyeon , Hwang Jin-Young 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEffective lung isolation prevents lung-to-lung aspiration during thoracotomy for the management of hemoptysis. Double-lumen endobronchial tubes (DLT) and bronchial blockers are commonly used for lung separation during thoracic surgery. In this study, the fluid-sealing characteristics of the endobronchial cuffs of three different commercially available DLTs (Broncho-Cath with a polyvinylchloride cuff, Broncho-Cath with a polyurethane cuff, and Human Broncho with a silicone cuff) and two different bronchial blockers (Arndt and Coopdech bronchial blockers) were evaluated using a benchtop model. The lateral decubitus position for the surgical management of bleeding from the right lung was simulated. The artificial tracheobronchial tree was placed horizontally, with the left bronchus in the dependent position and the right bronchus in the non-dependent position. In the DLT experiments, the tracheobronchial tree was intubated with left-sided DLTs, and the endobronchial cuff was inflated to maintain the intracuff pressure at 25 cmH2O. In the experiments with bronchial blockers, each bronchial blocker was inserted into the right bronchus, and the endobronchial cuff was inflated to seal the main bronchus. A fluid leakage test around the endobronchial cuff was performed using three different types of DLT (size 35, 37, and 41 Fr, each) and two different types of bronchial blockers (9 Fr). The 5 mL of colored water was poured into the right bronchus to simulate the blood flow from the operative side, and the times to the first and 100% leakage around the endobronchial cuff were recorded. Each bronchial blocker showed significantly less leakage over time than the other DLTs (P < 0.05). Fluid was not fully leaked around the cuffs for 24 h with either bronchial blocker. The times to first and 100% leakage were not significantly different among different types of DLTs. The times to first and 100% leakage did not also differ among the three different sizes of each type DLT. There was no significant difference in the time to first leakage around the endobronchial cuffs between Arndt and Coopdech bronchial blockers. Bronchial blockers provided a more effective seal against lung-to-lung aspiration than DLTs in the lateral decubitus position for thoracotomy in the benchtop model.
Persistent median artery and communicating branch related to the superficial palmar arch
Authors: Simić Marko , Bumbaširević Marko , Jović Darko , Bogosavljević Nikola , Vujačić Marko , Erić Dražan , Boljanović Jelena , Milisavljević Milan , Dožić Aleksandra , Ćetković Mila 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMicrovascular surgery, plastic and reconstructive hand surgery, and coronary artery bypass surgery call for a microanatomical study of the branching pattern of the superficial palmar arch (SPA). For the anatomical analysis, we used a group of 20 dissected human hands injected with 4% formaldehyde solution and a 10% mixture of melted gelatin and India ink. The morphometric study was performed on 40 human hands of adult persons injected with methyl-methacrylate fluid into the ulnar and radial arteries simultaneously and afterwards corroded in 40% KOH solution for the preparation of corrosion cast specimens. The mean diameter of the SPA, between the second and third common palmar digital arteries, was 1.86 ± 0.08 mm. We identified the persistent median artery (PMA) in 5% of hands. We distinguished the three main groups of the SPAs according to variations in morphology and branching of the arch: Type 1, the long SPA; Type 2, the middle length SPA; and Type 3, the short SPA found in 27.5% of specimens. The communicating branch (CB), a vessel interconnecting the SPA to the closest branch of the radial artery, is classified into two different morphological groups. The third type of incomplete short arterial arch is the most important of the three groups of SPAs. That short SPA is potentially inadequate for restoring circulation after occlusion or radial artery harvesting for coronary artery bypass.
High step‐up direct ac‐ac boost converter with optimal component counts based on SEPIC
Authors: Lahooti Eshkevari Alireza , Abdoli Iman , Karimi Hajiabadi Mostafa , Mosallanejad Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a new direct step‐up ac‐ac converter designed based on the SEPIC. It provides a higher step‐up conversion ratio than other counterparts with valuable features like high efficiency, reasonable input and output total harmonic distortions (THD), continuous input current waveform, common ground, few components, and single‐stage conversion without snubber and LC filters. Unlike most counterparts, the duty cycle can be varied between zero and one in boost operation and is not limited to any value below one. The voltage stress on one switch is reduced by increasing the winding coefficient of the utilized coupled inductor, and current stress on another is independent of this coefficient. It reduces the switches' losses and improves the converter efficiency. Thanks to the above attributes, the proposed converter is suitable for inductive power transfer from low‐voltage ac sources, operating as an ac voltage regulator for sensitive ac loads, and any applications that require a boost converter with few components. This article shows the converter's operation principle and evaluates its performance through experiments on a 225 W prototype. Accordingly, the maximum obtained efficiency is 95.4%. The input and output current THDs for the nominal inductive load equal 4.5 and 2.8%, respectively. Results confirm the claims.
Optimal operation of electric–freshwater energy system considering load regulation strategy of individual hydrogen electrolyzer
Authors: Wang He , Zhou Bowen , Li Fabin , Ma Xingming , Gao Yujie , Yang Hao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn view of the existing literature, only the optimization operation of hydrogen energy–wind/light new energy is considered, and the research problems such as comprehensive utilization of water resources and load control strategies are ignored. Based on the analysis of load characteristics of offshore wind power, this paper has established an optimal operation model of power‐fresh water energy system based on “wind‐hydrogen‐water‐electricity” interaction. Meanwhile, an electrolytic hydrogen individual load control strategy is proposed to match wind power fluctuations from the perspective of internal load regulation of electrolytic hydrogen system. From the economic characteristics, operation characteristics, accommodation situation and other simulation analysis, it can reduce the total operating cost by about 3.1%, improve the utilization rate of electrolytic cell capacity, and meet the water demand of coastal users. It shows that the individual control strategy and optimal operation model have advantages, which is of great significance for realizing low‐carbon, safe, and economical operation of power grid in the future.
The N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist Dextromethorphan
Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Preserves Pancreatic Islets in NOD
Mice
Authors: Wörmeyer Laura , Nortmann Oliver , Hamacher Anna , Uhlemeyer Celina , Belgardt Bengt , Eberhard Daniel , Mayatepek Ertan , Meissner Thomas , Lammert Eckhard , Welters Alena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus, a combination of immune-based
interventions and medication to promote beta-cell survival and proliferation has
been proposed. Dextromethorphan (DXM) is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor
antagonist with a good safety profile, and to date, preclinical and clinical
evidence for blood glucose-lowering and islet-cell-protective effects of DXM
have only been provided for animals and individuals with type 2 diabetes
mellitus. Here, we assessed the potential anti-diabetic effects of DXM in the
non-obese diabetic mouse model of type 1 diabetes. More specifically, we showed
that DXM treatment led to five-fold higher numbers of pancreatic islets and more
than two-fold larger alpha- and beta-cell areas compared to untreated mice.
Further, DXM treatment improved glucose homeostasis and reduced diabetes
incidence by 50%. Our data highlight DXM as a novel candidate for
adjunct treatment of preclinical or recent-onset type 1 diabetes.
Psychological traits and public attitudes towards abortion: the role of empathy, locus of control, and need for cognition
Authors: Cheng Jiuqing , Xu Ping , Thostenson Chloe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the summer of 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the historic Roe v. Wade ruling, prompting various states to put forth ballot measures regarding state-level abortion rights. While earlier studies have established associations between demographics, such as religious beliefs and political ideologies, and attitudes toward abortion, the current research delves into the role of psychological traits such as empathy, locus of control, and need for cognition. A sample of 294 U.S. adults was obtained via Amazon Mechanical Turk, and participants were asked to provide their attitudes on seven abortion scenarios. They also responded to scales measuring empathy toward the pregnant woman and the unborn, locus of control, and need for cognition. Principal Component Analysis divided abortion attitudes into two categories: traumatic abortions (e.g., pregnancies due to rape) and elective abortions (e.g., the woman does not want the child anymore). After controlling for religious belief and political ideology, the study found psychological factors accounted for substantial variation in abortion attitudes. Notably, empathy toward the pregnant woman correlated positively with abortion support across both categories, while empathy toward the unborn revealed an inverse relationship. An internal locus of control was positively linked to support for both types of abortions. Conversely, external locus of control and need for cognition only positively correlated with attitudes toward elective abortion, showing no association with traumatic abortion attitudes. Collectively, these findings underscore the significant and unique role psychological factors play in shaping public attitudes toward abortion. Implications for research and practice were discussed.
Time-resolved ARPES with probe energy of 6.0/7.2 eV and switchable resolution configuration
Authors: Pan Mojun , Liu Junde , Chen Famin , Wang Ji , Yun Chenxia , Qian Tian 
Published: January 2024

We present a detailed exposition of the design for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using a UV probe laser source that combines the nonlinear effects of β-BaB2O4 and KBe2BO3F2 optical crystals. The photon energy of the probe laser can be switched between 6.0 and 7.2 eV, with the flexibility to operate each photon energy setting under two distinct resolution configurations. Under the fully optimized energy resolution configuration, we achieve an energy resolution of 8.5 meV at 6.0 eV and 10 meV at 7.2 eV. Alternatively, switching to the other configuration enhances the temporal resolution, yielding a temporal resolution of 72 fs for 6.0 eV and 185 fs for 7.2 eV. We validated the performance and reliability of our system by applying it to measuring two typical materials: the topological insulator MnBi2Te4 and the excitonic insulator candidate Ta2NiSe5.
Effects of fibre sources on physiological properties and reproductive performance in gestating and lactating sows
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo Francisco Rocha , Araújo Itallo Conrado Sousa de , Brustolini Ana Paula Liboreiro , Lopes Idael Matheus Goes , Saliba Eloisa de Oliveira Simões , Ferreira Walter Motta , Ferreira Soraia Viana , Silva Francisco Carlos de Oliveira , Fontes Dalton de Oliveira 
Published: January 2024

Context Few experiments have demonstrated how alternative fibre sources such as micronised citrus pulp in the diet of sows during pregnancy and lactation can influence the productive and biochemical parameters of the sows. Aims The aim of the study was to compare different fibre sources fed to sows during gestation for effects on serum biochemical and reproductive parameters, and to determine how these effects may relate to sow and piglet performances. Methods In total, 220 sows of average initial liveweight 240.72 ± 29.42 kg were allotted to a completely randomised design with four treatments and 55 sows per treatment. The treatments comprised different fibre sources (micronised citrus pulp, soybean hulls and coffee husks) included in the feed, with a maize–soybean-meal-based diet as the control. Productive and biochemical parameters were assessed. Key results Productive and reproductive performance during gestation and lactation, and litter birth weight, were not influenced (P > 0.05) by treatment. Placental efficiency (g fetus produced/g placenta) was lower (P < 0.05) in sows receiving soybean hulls than coffee husks (4.9 vs 5.4). Control sows presented lower (P < 0.05) stillborn rate than those supplemented with soybean hulls (1.08% vs 2.72%). Blood glucose, creatinine, lactate, triglycerides, total protein, cholesterol and urea were not influenced (P > 0.05) by treatment. Postprandial blood glucose and triglycerides levels were higher (P < 0.05) than preprandial levels, whereas preprandial cholesterol was higher (P < 0.05) than postprandial (67.74 vs 62.51 mg/dL). Conclusion Diverse fibre sources minimally impacted sow performance; coffee husks emerged as a potentially advantageous choice. Implications Nutritional strategies to enhance reproductive and productive performance can be developed by incorporating coffee husks, micronised citrus pulp or soybean hulls in sows’ feed. Use of these fibre sources did not alter reproductive and productive parameters or blood metabolites of the sows.
Topic drop and pro drop
Authors: Huang C. -T. James , Yang Barry C. -Y. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
One major difference between Chinese-type and German-type languages is that the former allows extensive types of argument drop, while the latter is quite limited beyond the existence of a null topic. This study argues (a) that it is necessary to distinguish among phenomena that have sometimes been referred to with the undifferentiating term “radical pro drop”; (b) that the null topic is restricted to root clauses (CP edge) based on its locality properties; (c) that the Chinese-type null topic requires licensing at the CP edge by Internal Merge; and (d) that the CP edge requirement may be lifted only under conditions of last resort. Evidence comes from our new observation of locality effects showing a contrast between overt and null topics. Specifically, while the pro option is available with an overt topic, null topics must be brought to the CP edge via Internal Merge.
An efficient semi-analytical techniques for the fractional-order system of Drinfeld-Sokolov-Wilson equation
Authors: Hamid Ganie Abdul , Yasmin Humaira , Alderremy A A , Shah Rasool , Aly Shaban 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study delves into the exploration and analysis of the fractional order Drinfeld-Sokolov-Wilson (FDSW) system within the framework of the Caputo operator. To address this complex system, two innovative methods, namely the Aboodh transform iteration method (ATIM) and the Aboodh residual power series method (ARPSM), are introduced and applied. These methods offer efficient computational tools to investigate the FDSW system, particularly in the fractional order context utilizing the Caputo operator. The ATIM and ARPSM are employed to solve and analyze the FDSW system, allowing for the derivation of solutions and insights into the system’s behavior and dynamics. The utilization of these novel methods showcases their efficacy in handling the intricate characteristics of the FDSW system under fractional differentiation, offering a deeper understanding of its mathematical properties and behaviors.
Parameter estimation with reluctant quantum walks: a maximum likelihood approach
Authors: Ellinas Demosthenes , Jarvis Peter D , Pearce Matthew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The parametric maximum likelihood estimation problem is addressed in the context of quantum walk theory for quantum walks on the lattice of integers. A coin action is presented, with the real parameter θ to be estimated identified with the angular argument of an orthogonal reshuffling matrix. We provide analytic results for the probability distribution for a quantum walker to be displaced by d units from its initial position after k steps. For k large, we show that the likelihood is sharply peaked at a displacement determined by the ratio d/k which is correlated with the reshuffling parameter θ. We suggest that this ‘reluctant walker’ behaviour provides the framework for maximum likelihood estimation analysis, allowing for robust parameter estimation of θ via return probabilities of closed evolution loops and quantum measurements of the position of quantum walker with ‘reluctance index’ r = d/k.
Design and development of a cryogenic J-T valve for a 2 K cryostat with a single cryocooler
Authors: Wang Liguo , Xu Dong , Jia Peng , Huang Rongjin , Zhao Wanyin , Huang Chuanjun , Li Laifeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A cryogenic Joule-Thomson (J-T) valve for a 2 K cryostat
cooled with a G-M cryocooler has been developed to continuously
supply superfluid helium. Saturated liquid helium flowing through
the valve transitions to superfluid helium below 2 K because of the
J-T effect. The heat leak, sealing performance and the J-T effect of
the valve were tested experimentally and analyzed. To reduce heat
leak in the 2 K range, two thermal anchors were installed in the
first and second cooling stages, respectively, resulting in 89.93%
reduction of useful work loss. A unique sealing structure was
developed for the J-T valve and was tested at both room temperature
and liquid nitrogen temperature, yielding leak rates of
3 × 10-9 Pa· m3/s and
3 × 10-4 Pa· m3/s, respectively. The
corresponding valve needle and seat structure were designed based on
the flow resistance equation. The J-T effect of the valve in 2 K
cryostat was tested at various valve openings. The cryostat can
operate at 1.64 K with no load and provide 0.143 W cooling power
at 2 K.
Light-front puzzles
Authors: Polyzou W N 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Light-front formulations of quantum field theories have many advantages for computing electroweak matrix elements of strongly interacting systems and other quantities that are used to study hadronic structure. The theory can be formulated in Hamiltonian form so non-perturbative calculations of the strongly interacting initial and final states are in principle reduced to linear algebra. These states are needed for calculating parton distribution functions and other types of distribution amplitudes that are used to understand the structure of hadrons. Light-front boosts are kinematic transformations so the strongly interacting states can be computed in any frame. This is useful for computing current matrix elements involving electroweak probes where the initial and final hadronic states are in different frames related by the momentum transferred by the probe. Finally in many calculations the vacuum is trivial so the calculations can be formulated in Fock space. The advantages of light front-field theory would not be interesting if the light-front formulation was not equivalent to the covariant or canonical formulations of quantum field theory. Many of the distinguishing properties of light-front quantum field theory are difficult to reconcile with canonical or covariant formulations of quantum field theory. This paper discusses the resolution of some of the apparent inconsistencies in canonical, covariant and light-front formulations of quantum field theory. The puzzles that will be discussed are (1) the problem of inequivalent representations (2) the problem of the trivial vacuum (3) the problem of ill-posed initial value problems (4) the problem of rotational covariance (5) the problem of zero modes and (6) the problem of spontaneously broken symmetries.