bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct and indirect induction of apoptosis in human mesenchymal stem cells in response to titanium particles
Authors: Wang Mark L. , Tuli Richard , Manner Paul A. , Sharkey Peter F. , Hall David J. , Tuan Rocky S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe most frequent complication of total joint arthroplasty is periprosthetic osteolysis initiated by an inflammatory response to orthopaedic wear debris, which if left untreated, can result in implant instability and failure, eventually requiring revision surgery. We have previously reported that osteogenic differentiation of human marrow stroma‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is suppressed upon exposure to titanium particles, accompanied by reduced bone sialoprotein (BSP) gene expression, diminished production of collagen type I and BSP, decreased cellular viability and proliferation, and inhibition of extracellular matrix mineralization. In this study, we have further investigated hMSC cytotoxicity upon exposure to submicron particles of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and zirconium oxide (ZrO2). Our results showed that direct exposure to cpTi and ZrO2 particles compromises cell viability through the induction of apoptosis, eliciting increased levels of the tumor suppressor proteins p53 and p73, in a manner dependent on material composition, particle dosage, and time. Additionally, conditioned medium collected from hMSCs exposed to cpTi particles, but not to ZrO2 particles, is cytotoxic to hMSCs, inducing apoptosis in the absence of particles. These findings demonstrate that exposure to orthopaedically derived wear particles can compromise hMSC viability through the direct and indirect induction of apoptosis. Thus, prolonged in vivo exposure of marrow‐derived hMSCs to implant‐derived wear debris is likely to reduce the population of viable osteoprogenitor cells, and may contribute to poor periprosthetic bone quality and implant loosening. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
A new case of CDG‐x with stereotyped dystonic hand movements and optic atrophy
Authors: Prietsch V. , Peters V. , Hackler R. , Jakobi R. , Assmann B. , Fang J. , Körner C. , Helwig‐Rolig A. , Schaefer J. R. , Hoffmann G. F. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report the clinical findings and the diagnostic work‐up of a 17‐month‐old girl with CDG‐x. Predominant clinical signs were, besides psychomotor retardation and truncal hypotonia, stereotyped dystonic hand movements and ophthalmological abnormalities such as optic atrophy, nystagmus and strabismus. Other symptoms that are often found in patients with CDG were not present, such as seizures, microcephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, dysmorphic features, hepatointestinal disease, coagulopathy or multiorgan involvement. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) of the patient's serum showed a marked elevation of disialotransferrin, thus confirming an IEF type 1 pattern. A generalized glycosylation defect was confirmed also by IEF of a further glycoprotein (α1‐antitrypsin), an increased carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) serum concentration and an increased CDT/transferrin ratio. All known types of CDG‐I, secondary glycosylation abnormalities and variants of amino acid sequence were excluded.
3‐Hydroxyglutarate excretion is increased in ketotic patients: Implications for glutaryl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency testing
Authors: Pitt J. , Carpenter K. , Wilcken B. , Boneh A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThree patients with ketosis had increased excretion of 3‐hydroxyglutarate (21.8–37.9 μmol/mmol creatinine; controls 2.3 ± 1.6), an indicator of glutaryl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (GDHD), which normalized when the patients were nonketotic. Clinical assessment of all three patients and enzyme studies in one patient were not consistent with GDHD. These findings were compared with those of other ketotic patients, who showed statistically significant increases in 3‐hydroxyglutarate excretion (9.4 ± 5.0 μmol/mmol creatinine; p < 0.01), and with those of a child with confirmed GDHD when she was both ketotic and nonketotic. Secondary increase in 3‐hydroxyglutarate excretion during ketosis is a potential confounder in the diagnosis of GDHD.
The relationship between somatic and PTSD symptoms among Bhutanese refugee torture survivors: Examination of comorbidity with anxiety and depression
Authors: Van Ommeren Mark , Sharma Bhogendra , Sharma Gyanendra K. , Komproe Ivan , Cardeña Etzel , de Jong Joop T. V. M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPrevious research has indicated a relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and somatic complaints. We examined whether this relationship is a result of shared comorbidity with anxiety and depression. Local doctors interviewed a random, community sample of 526 tortured and 526 nontortured Bhutanese refugees living in U.N. refugee camps in Nepal. The interview covered demographics, torture, somatic complaints, and PTSD, depression, and anxiety measures. Number of PTSD symptoms, independent of depression and anxiety, predicted both number of reported somatic complaints and number of organ systems involving such complaints. Physicians need to screen for PTSD when survivors of extreme stressors present nonspecific somatic complaints.
The Behaviour of Ions in Narrow Water-Filled Pores
Authors: Edmonds D. T. 
Published: March 2003

Today, the equilibrium behavior of ions in solution may be predicted with some confidence, essentially because rapid ionic diffusion over small distances ensures homogeneity throughout the solution. Equilibrium concepts such as ionic strength and pH apply. However, when attempting to understand the behavior of ions passing rapidly through narrow pores such as ion channels, no such equilibrium state may be assumed. The passing solution may have been in equilibrium with conditions at the mouth of the pore but will not be in equilibrium with charged molecules on the pore wall. In addition, the water in narrow pores will be partially ordered by contact with the pore walls and will not behave like bulk water.
To illustrate this difference, a simple equilibrium calculation of the ion concentrations near a plastic sheet penetrated by narrow pores and containing in its surface partially ionized carboxyl groups is shown to be in good agreement with experiment. However, to predict the non-equilibrium behavior within the narrow pores is much more difficult. To illustrate the difficulty, a Monte Carlo computer model is described which attempts to predict the rapid switching of ion current observed experimentally with these narrow pores.
US Obstetrician-Gynecologists' Perceived Impacts of Post–Dobbs v Jackson State Abortion Bans
Authors: Sabbath Erika L. , McKetchnie Samantha M. , Arora Kavita S. , Buchbinder Mara 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceFollowing the Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision in June 2022, 17 US states have functionally banned abortion except in narrow circumstances, and physicians found in violation of these laws face felony charges, loss of their medical license, fines, and prison sentences. Patient impacts are being studied closely, but less research has focused on the consequences for obstetrician-gynecologists (OB-GYNs), for whom medically necessary care provision may now carry serious personal and professional consequences.ObjectiveTo characterize perceptions of the impact of abortion restrictions on clinical practice, moral distress, mental health, and turnover intention among US OB-GYNs practicing in states with functional bans on abortion.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study included semistructured, remote interviews with OB-GYNs from 13 US states with abortion bans. Volunteer sample of 54 OB-GYNs practicing in states that had banned abortion as of March 2023.ExposureState abortion bans enacted between June 2022 and March 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOB-GYNs’ perceptions of clinical and personal impacts of abortion bans.ResultsThis study included 54 OB-GYNs (mean [SD] age, 42 [7] years; 44 [81%] female participants; 3 [6%] non-Hispanic Black or African American participants; 45 [83%] White participants) who practiced in general obstetrics and gynecology (39 [72%]), maternal-fetal medicine (7 [13%]), and complex family planning (8 [15%]). Two major domains were identified in which the laws affected OB-GYNs: (1) clinical impacts (eg, delays in care until patients became more sick or legal sign-off on a medical exception to the ban was obtained; restrictions on counseling patients on pregnancy options; inability to provide appropriate care oneself or make referrals for such care); and (2) personal impacts (eg, moral distress; fears and perceived consequences of law violation; intention to leave the state; symptoms of depression and anxiety).Conclusions and relevanceIn this qualitative study of OB-GYNs practicing under abortion bans, participants reported deep and pervasive impacts of state laws, with implications for workforce sustainability, physician health, and patient outcomes. In the context of public policies that restrict physicians’ clinical autonomy, organization-level supports for physicians are essential to maintain workforce sustainability, clinician health and well-being, and availability of timely and accessible health care throughout the US.
Carbon Dots as Ligand Operons to Expand Cluster Size Distribution for High Load‐bearing Liquid Superlubricity
Authors: Liang Hongyu , Liu Manqiang , Yin Tianqiang , Zou Shijing , Xia Xiaojie , Hua Xijun , Fu Yonghong , Zhang Junyan , Bu Yongfeng , Ren Xudong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdding additives (e.g., carbon dots, CDs) to liquid lubricants is an effective method for enhancing their load‐bearing capacity and friction reduction. However, it is challenging to simultaneously impart high load‐bearing capacity and superlubricity for them (e.g., ionic liquid analogs, ILAs) through this strategy due to strong Coulombic interactions. With CDs as a competing ligand operon, the cluster size distribution can be expanded, conferring superlubricity with ultrahigh load‐bearing capacity (>705 MPa, the highest value of CDs‐based superlubricious materials thus far) for CDs/ILAs. In particular, methodologies such as Raman, 1H‐NMR, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and laser particle size analysis are employed to characterize the evolution of their H‐bonding interactions and particle size distribution. CDs can act as competing ligands and enable CDs/ILAs to form systems with ultra‐low coefficient of friction and wear consisting of a mixture of large and small clusters. The mixed and expanded size clusters facilitate the reduction of the viscosity for CDs/ILAs under shear, thereby reducing the interfacial shear resistance during superlubricity, while the CDs within them efficiently transfer the normal bearing loads. The progress is made from the perspective of cluster particle size distribution rather than individual additive properties, providing a new avenue for designing ILAs‐based superlubricious materials.
Water‐Soluble Ionic Liquid‐Containing Sulfur Polymers for Mercury Capture, Demulsification, and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Deng Xi , Dop Romy A. , Cai Diana , Neill Daniel R. , Hasell Tom 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSulfur polymers, prepared by inverse vulcanization using elemental sulfur and vinylic monomers, are emerging functional materials of current research interest; however, sulfur polymers suffer from limited water solubility due to the hydrophobic nature of conventional comonomers and sulfur. Herein, the preparation of ionic liquid (IL)‐containing sulfur polymers are reported using the hydrophilic ionic liquid, 1‐allyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium chloride (AVImCl) as a comonomer. The introduction of IL significantly enhances the hydrophilicity of sulfur polymers, enabling them to dissolve in water. Benefiting from the thorough contact with aqueous mercury ions, the resultant sulfur polymer possesses high uptake capacity (436 mg g−1). After binding mercury, a coordination complex is formed and precipitated. The charged sulfur polymers gain a new application in demulsification. The polymer quickly breaks oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsions through anion exchange between Cl− of the polymer and dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS−) of the surfactant. In addition, the polymer has a growth inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus. The integration of IL and elemental sulfur provides a novel approach to modifying the wettability of sulfur polymers. Also, this novel water‐soluble IL‐containing sulfur polymer, with mercury capture, demulsification, and antibacterial activity, can be considered as a multifunctional material in practical water purification.
Bright Circularly Polarized Mechanoluminescence from 0D Hybrid Manganese Halides
Authors: He Xin , Zheng Yuantian , Luo Zhishan , Wei Yi , Liu Yulian , Xie Chenlong , Li Chen , Peng Dengfeng , Quan Zewei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHybrid metal halides (HMHs) with efficient circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have application prospects in many fields, due to their abundant host–guest structures and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). However, CPLs in HMHs are predominantly excited by light or electricity, limiting their use in multivariate environments. It is necessary to explore a novel excitation method to extend the application of chiral HMHs as smart stimuli‐responsive optical materials. In this work, an enantiomeric pair of 0D hybrid manganese bromides, [H2(2R,4R)‐(+)/(2S,4S)‐(−)‐2,4‐bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane]MnBr4 [(R/S)‐1] is presented, which exhibits efficient CPL emissions with near‐unity PLQYs and high dissymmetry factors of ± 2.0 × 10−3. Notably, (R/S)‐1 compounds exhibit unprecedented and bright circularly polarized mechanoluminescence (CPML) emissions under mechanical stimulation. Moreover, (R/S)‐1 possess high mechanical force sensitivities with mechanoluminescence (ML) emissions detectable under 0.1 N force stimulation. Furthermore, this ML emission exhibits an extraordinary antithermal quenching effect in the temperature range of 300–380 K, which is revealed to originate from a thermal activation energy compensation mechanism from trap levels to Mn(II) 4T1 level. Based on their intriguing optical properties, these compounds as chiral force‐responsive materials are demonstrated in multilevel confidential information encryption.
Repeatedly Programmable Liquid Crystal Dielectric Elastomer with Multimodal Actuation
Authors: Zhang Chengcheng , Chen Guancong , Zhang Kaihang , Jin Binjie , Zhao Qian , Xie Tao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDielectric elastomers (DEs) are actuatable under an electric field, whose large strain and fast response speed compare favorably with natural muscles. However, the actuation of DE‐based devices is generally limited to a single mode and cannot be reconfigured after fabrication, which pales in comparison to biological counterparts given the ability to alter actuation modes according to external conditions. To address this, liquid crystal dielectric elastomers (LC‐DEs) that can alter the dielectric actuation modes based on the thermally triggered shape‐changing are prepared. Specifically, the two shapes through the LC phase transition possess different bending stiffness, which leads to distinct actuation modes after an electric field is applied. Moreover, the two shapes can be individually programmed/reprogrammed, that is, the one before the transition is regulated through force‐directed solvent evaporation and the one after the transition is via bond exchange‐enabled stress relaxation. As such, the multimodal dielectric actuation behaviors upon temperature change can be readily diversified. Meanwhile, the space charge mechanism endows LC‐DEs with the significantly reduced driving e‐field (8 V µm−1) and bidirectional actuation manners. It is believed this unique adaptivity in the actuation modes under a low electric field shall offer versatile designs for practical soft robots.
Toward Next‐Generation Smart Windows: An In‐depth Analysis of Dual‐Band Electrochromic Materials and Devices
Authors: Wang Junkai , Wang Zhipeng , Zhang Mei , Huo Xiangtao , Guo Min 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs the proportion of buildings energy consumption increases, the issue of low energy utilization efficiency becomes increasingly prominent. Approximately 45% of the energy is lost through doors and windows, a significant concern that has drawn society's attention to the potential of electrochromic technology, which can regulate light transmittance and absorption effectively. Specifically, dual‐band electrochromic materials offer a promising solution to this issue, as they can manipulate the transmission ratios of visible (VIS) and near‐infrared (NIR) light to obtain “bright,” “cold,” “warm,” and “dark” independent modes. However, research on dual‐band electrochromic materials and smart windows is still infant, and many challenges including performance and assembly issues, are significant obstacles to the advancement and application of this technology. This review clarifies the basic characteristics of dual‐band electrochromic materials and smart windows, including configurations, operational mechanisms, and performance assessment parameters. In‐depth examination of potential dual‐band electrochromic materials and methods for achieving independent modulation is provided, along with an analysis of the challenges and potential solutions for performance and assembly issues. Finally, the future prospects of dual‐band electrochromic smart windows (ESWs) are underscored. The hope is to eventually facilitate the commercial application of these windows, which can significantly contribute to the creation of modern, energy‐efficient buildings.
Data from electronic healthcare records expand our understanding of X‐linked genetic diseases
Authors: Tinker Rory J. , Bastarache Lisa , Ezell Kimberly , Neumann Serena M. , Furuta Yutaka , Morgan Karee A. , Phillips John A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDisease specific cohort studies have reported details on X linked (XL) disorders affecting females. We investigated the spectrum and penetrance of XL disorders seen in electronic health records (EHR). We generated a cohort of individuals diagnosed with XL disorders at Vanderbilt University Medical Center over 20 years. Our cohort included 477 males and 203 females diagnosed with 108 different XL genetic disorders. We found large differences between the female/male (F/M) ratios for various XL disorders regardless of their OMIM annotated mode of inheritance. We identified four XL recessive disorders affecting women previously only described in men. Biomarkers for XL disease had unique gender‐specific patterns differing between modes of inheritance. EHRs provide large cohorts of XL genetic disorders that give new insights compared to the literature. Differences in the F/M ratios and biomarkers of XL disorders observed likely result from disease specific and sex dependent penetrance. We conclude that observed gender ratios associated with specific XL disorders may be more useful than those predicted by Mendelian genetics provided by OMIM. Our findings of a gender specific penetrance and severity for XL disorders show unexpected differences from Mendelian predictions. Further work is required to validate our findings in larger combined EHR cohorts.
Evaluation of chicken chorioallantoic membrane model for tumor imaging and drug development: Promising findings
Authors: Wang Lizhen , Yan Junjie , XinyuWang  , Xu Yuping , Pan Donghui , Chen Chongyang , Shao Ying , Song Xiangjun , Qi Kezong , Yang Min , Tu Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model is a potential alternative to the mouse model based on the 3R principles. However, its value for determination of the in vivo behaviors of radiolabeled peptides through positron emission tomography (PET) imaging needed investigation. Herein, the chicken CAM tumor models were established, and their feasibility was evaluated for evaluating the imaging properties of radiolabeled peptides using a 68Ga‐labeled HER2 affibody.MethodsTwo human breast cancer cell lines were inoculated into chicken CAM and mice, respectively. The tumor‐targeting potential and pharmacokinetic profile of a 68Ga‐labeled affibody, 68Ga‐MZHER, in both tumor models were also determined.ResultsThe tumor‐formation time in chicken CAM model was shorter than that of mouse model. The uptake values of human epithelial growth factor receptor‐2 (HER2)‐positive Bcap37 tumors in chicken CAM and mouse models were 5.36 ± 0.26% ID/g and 5.26 ± 0.43% ID/g at 30 min postinjection of 68Ga‐MZHER, respectively. At the same time points, the uptake values of HER2‐negative MDA‐MB‐231 tumors in the chicken CAM models and mouse models were 1.57 ± 0.15% ID/g and 1.67 ± 0.25% ID/g, respectively. Ex vivo biodistribution confirmed that more radioactivity accumulated in Bcap37 tumors than in MDA‐MD‐231 tumors in both CAM and mouse models.ConclusionIn this study, the CAM tumor model was successfully prepared. The chicken CAM model is a novel tool for quickly determining the in vivo properties of radiolabeled peptides targeting biomarkers. It may be beneficial for early monitoring of the therapeutic effect of a new drug through PET imaging with specific peptides.
Strikingly High Activity of 15‐Lipoxygenase Towards Di‐Polyunsaturated Arachidonoyl/Adrenoyl‐Phosphatidylethanolamines Generates Peroxidation Signals of Ferroptotic Cell Death
Authors: Samovich Svetlana N. , Mikulska‐Ruminska Karolina , Dar Haider H. , Tyurina Yulia Y. , Tyurin Vladimir A. , Souryavong Austin B. , Kapralov Alexander A. , Amoscato Andrew A. , Beharier Ofer , Karumanchi S. Ananth , St Croix Claudette M. , Yang Xin , Holman Theodore R. , VanDemark Andrew P. , Sadovsky Yoel , Mallampalli Rama K. , Wenzel Sally E. , Gu Wei , Bunimovich Yuri L. , Bahar Ivet , Kagan Valerian E. , Bayir Hülya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe vast majority of membrane phospholipids (PLs) include two asymmetrically positioned fatty acyls: oxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) attached predominantly at the sn2 position, and non‐oxidizable saturated/monounsaturated acids (SFA/MUFA) localized at the sn1 position. The peroxidation of PUFA‐PLs, particularly sn2‐arachidonoyl(AA)‐ and sn2‐adrenoyl(AdA)‐containing phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), has been associated with the execution of ferroptosis, a program of regulated cell death. There is a minor subpopulation (≈1–2 mol %) of doubly PUFA‐acylated phospholipids (di‐PUFA‐PLs) whose role in ferroptosis remains enigmatic. Here we report that 15‐lipoxygenase (15LOX) exhibits unexpectedly high pro‐ferroptotic peroxidation activity towards di‐PUFA‐PEs. We revealed that peroxidation of several molecular species of di‐PUFA‐PEs occurred early in ferroptosis. Ferrostatin‐1, a typical ferroptosis inhibitor, effectively prevented peroxidation of di‐PUFA‐PEs. Furthermore, co‐incubation of cells with di‐AA‐PE and 15LOX produced PUFA‐PE peroxidation and induced ferroptotic death. The decreased contents of di‐PUFA‐PEs in ACSL4 KO A375 cells was associated with lower levels of di‐PUFA‐PE peroxidation and enhanced resistance to ferroptosis. Thus, di‐PUFA‐PE species are newly identified phospholipid peroxidation substrates and regulators of ferroptosis, representing a promising therapeutic target for many diseases related to ferroptotic death.