bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solute excretion improves trehalose uptake and desiccation tolerance of Metarhizium brunneum blastospores
Authors: Dietsch Robin , Jakobs-Schönwandt Desiree , Blöbaum Luisa , Persicke Marcus , Grünberger Alexander , Patel Anant 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, a novel approach was developed to increase the intracellular trehalose concentration in M. brunneum blastospores by uptake from the medium, improving their desiccation tolerance. Briefly, placing the blastospores in a hypotonic environment induced solute excretion, allowing significantly increased trehalose uptake during subsequent trehalose treatment. Conductivity changes and GC–MS analysis revealed that glycerol and lactate excretion is triggered in a hypotonic NaCl solution. After hypotonic + trehalose treatment, intracellular glycerol, lactate, and glucose levels increased, while other desiccation-protective solutes remained unaffected. A fluorescence-based single-cell analysis of membrane stress and death during osmotic desiccation and rehydration showed that membrane stress and cell death were strongly amplified upon rehydration. Trehalose treatment reduced this amplification, while hypotonic + trehalose treatment minimised cell death and prevented a stress response during rehydration, though it increased membrane stress during desiccation. Newly formed germ tubes were identified as critical points of membrane failure during desiccation. Ultimately, the drying survival of blastospores was significantly improved by the hypotonic + trehalose treatment compared to untreated or trehalose-only-treated blastospores. In summary, this technique successfully enhanced blastospore desiccation tolerance and could be adapted to load cells with other solutes.

Graphical Abstract
Analyzing COVID-19 progression with Markov multistage models: insights from a Korean cohort
Authors: Ndagijimana Frank Aimee Rodrigue , Park Taesung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Understanding the progression and recovery process of COVID-19 is crucial for guiding public health strategies and developing targeted interventions. This longitudinal cohort study aims to elucidate the dynamics of COVID-19 severity progression and evaluate the impact of underlying health conditions on these transitions, providing critical insights for more effective disease management.

Methods
Data from 4549 COVID-19 patients admitted to Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center between February 5th, 2020, and October 30th, 2021, were analyzed using a 5-state continuous-time Markov multistate model. The model estimated instantaneous transition rates between different levels of COVID-19 severity, predicted probabilities of state transitions, and determined hazard ratios associated with underlying comorbidities.

Results
The analysis revealed that most patients stabilized in their initial state, with 72.2% of patients with moderate symptoms remaining moderate. Patients with hypertension had a 67.6% higher risk of progressing from moderate to severe, while those with diabetes had an 89.9% higher risk of deteriorating from severe to critical. Although transition rates to death were low early in hospitalization, these comorbidities significantly increased the likelihood of worsening conditions.

Conclusion
This study highlights the utility of continuous-time Markov multistate models in assessing COVID-19 severity progression among hospitalized patients. The findings indicate that patients are more likely to recover than to experience worsening conditions. However, hypertension and diabetes significantly increase the risk of severe outcomes, underscoring the importance of managing these conditions in COVID-19 patients.
Associations between physical activities and self-harm behaviour in depression across the genotype: findings from the UK biobank
Authors: Jung Jaegyun , Lee Sangyeon , Lee Jeong Ho , Lee Doheon 
Published: January 2025

Background
Physical activities are widely implemented for non-pharmacological intervention to alleviate depressive symptoms. However, there is little evidence supporting their genotype-specific effectiveness in reducing the risk of self-harm in patients with depression.

Aims
To assess the associations between physical activity and self-harm behaviour and determine the recommended level of physical activity across the genotypes.

Method
We developed the bidirectional analytical model to investigate the genotype-specific effectiveness on UK Biobank. After the genetic stratification of the depression phenotype cohort using hierarchical clustering, multivariable logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazards models were built to investigate the associations between physical activity and the risk of self-harm behaviour.

Results
A total of 28 923 subjects with depression phenotypes were included in the study. In retrospective cohort analysis, the moderate and highly active groups were at lower risk of self-harm behaviour. In the followed prospective cohort analysis, light-intensity physical activity was associated with a lower risk of hospitalisations due to self-harm behaviour in one genetic cluster (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.08–0.96]), which was distinguished by three genetic variants: rs1432639, rs4543289 and rs11209948. Compliance with the guideline-level moderate-to-vigorous physical activities was not significantly related to the risk of self-harm behaviour.

Conclusions
A genotype-specific dose of light-intensity physical activity reduces the risk of self-harm by around a fourth in depressive patients.
The Hormonal dysregulation and its consequences in Obese Women - overview
Authors: Pala Katarzyna Maria , Tomaszewska Wiktoria , Siudziński Paweł , Łyko Mateusz , Skoczylas Alicja , Golińska Maria , Nowak Anna , Kurasz Jakub , Podlasiewicz Wiktoria , Dudziak Piotr , Maj Wojciech 
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Obesity, a global health challenge, significantly impacts women's hormonal balance, affecting metabolic and reproductive health. Defined as a BMI >30 kg/m² by WHO, its prevalence is rising, creating substantial health and economic challenges.

Aim of Study

This study explores the effects of obesity on women's hormonal regulation, emphasizing associated conditions like PCOS, insulin resistance, infertility, and cardiometabolic diseases, while identifying mechanisms and potential interventions.

Material and Methods

A review of 34 peer-reviewed articles (2000–2024) using PRISMA criteria analyzed hormonal imbalances caused by obesity, focusing on adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin, and their roles in glucose metabolism, lipid regulation, and inflammation.

Analysis of Literature
Obesity-induced chronic inflammation disrupts insulin regulation, sex hormones, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. It causes ovulatory disorders, reduced oocyte quality, and impaired endometrial receptivity. Mechanisms like insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and leptin dysfunction are central to these effects.

Conclusion

A multidimensional treatment approach, including lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy (e.g., GLP-1 agonists), and surgical interventions, is essential. Personalized strategies can alleviate symptoms, improve metabolic and reproductive outcomes, and enhance quality of life for women with obesity.
IBS as a diverse disease. A comprehensive review
Authors: Dylik Adrianna , Gryczyńska Weronika , Musiał Mikołaj , Krawczak Łukasz , Gulaczyk Hanna , Spychalski Jan , Kaczmarek Mikołaj , Grochowska Wiktoria , Spychalska Maria 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Irritable Bowel Syndrome is one of the most popular diseases among the gastrointestinal difficulties. The main problem is lower quality of life because of troublesome symptoms of the disease.
Aim of the study: This review seeks to consolidate the current understanding of IBS, emphasizing the prevalence of this condition and the persistent challenges in achieving a definitive understanding, even after decades of research. The primary objective is to highlight contemporary approaches to patient care, revisiting both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment strategies.
Materials and methods: The analysis is based on a thorough review of peer-reviewed literature published between 2020 and 2025, ensuring the inclusion of the most up-to-date insights. Knowledge was sourced from PubMed using the advanced search with terms „irritable bowel syndrome” with „or” and „IBS”, ultimately returning 1,228 results.
Results and conclusion: The findings underscore the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach involving a team of specialists to provide comprehensive care. Additionally, a crucial factor is the patient's diet and overall well-being, which play a pivotal role in determining the progression and course of the condition. Furthermore, a clear conclusion has been established that, the psychological dimension—integral to both the disease and its management—emerges as a critical factor that warrants careful consideration and should not be underestimated.
Young Adults Rehabilitation experiences and Needs following Stroke (YARNS): A scoping review of the rehabilitation care experiences and outcomes of young adults post-stroke
Authors: Chandler Colin , Clarissa Catherine , Putri Arcellia Farosyah , Aviles Lissette , Choi HyeRi , Hewitt Jonathan , Hennessy Emily , Noble Helen , Reid Joanne , Holloway Aisha , Kelly Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Background
Stroke is one of the leading disabling conditions in the United Kingdom. While an increasing focus on the rehabilitation care for stroke survivors has been noted, practice guidelines, targets and services tend to be tailored for the elderly population rather than young adults.

Objectives
This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature on the rehabilitation care experiences and outcomes of young adults post-stroke aged between 18 and 45 years within acute and social care settings.

Methods and analysis
A scoping review was conducted to identify existing practice and published academic and evidence-based literature related to the topic. Arksey and O’Malley’s framework guided the review and reporting followed the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched to capture the potentially recent and relevant literature available in English from year 2000–2022. The databases included CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, ASSIA, AMED, PEDro, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Grey literature was searched from the following sources: Google Scholar, websites of networks, organisations and charities related to stroke. Hand searches were performed on the reference lists of the included articles and grey literature to find relevant references. Data were extracted on young adults’ experiences of stroke and rehabilitation care and their outcomes and experiences of a particular stroke rehabilitation programme in acute and social care settings.

Results
Eighty-five articles were included in this review. In most instances, stroke was reported to negatively impact young adults, although positive consequences were also documented. The focus and the outcomes of stroke rehabilitation were predominantly physical especially in the areas of movement, communication and memory. Young adults experienced a lack of age-adapted stroke rehabilitation in acute and social care settings.

Conclusion
Our results highlight the unmet needs of young adults in their stroke recovery journey. Effective rehabilitation programmes and interventions should be developed to support young adults following stroke and meet their age-specific needs.
Women’s experiences and outcomes of abortion care in sub-Saharan countries: A mixed methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Wakgari Negash , Tessema Gizachew A. , Watson Stuart J. , Bekele Delayehu , Bradfield Zoe 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Abortion care experiences encompass various aspects, including women’s decision-making capability, physical and emotional experiences, service provision, and post-abortion experiences. The lack of woman-centred and respectful abortion services, influenced by stigma and restrictive abortion laws in certain contexts, poses a public health concern. These challenges may lead to variations in women’s experiences and care outcomes, potentially resulting in adverse physical, psychological, and emotional outcomes for individuals seeking abortions. Therefore, this systematic review aims to synthesise the available evidence on women’s abortion care experiences and outcomes in sub–Saharan Africa published from 2010 onwards.

Methods
Eight databases including Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Psych-Info, Web of Science, and Global Health will be searched using subject headings and specific keywords related to women’s abortion care experiences, abortion care outcomes, and its measurement. Predetermined criteria will be used to select studies that meet the review’s inclusion criteria. These include all original studies published in English languages that focussed on induced abortion care and assessed women’s abortion care experiences and outcomes. After screening for title and abstract and full text, included studies will undergo data extraction, where information relevant to the methodological quality of each study will be collected. This review will integrate qualitative and quantitative data through a narrative synthesis approach.

Discussion
By synthesising abortion care experiences and outcomes across studies and analysing the commonalities and differences of the multifactorial challenges women face in health facilities, this study will improve the understanding of abortion care experiences and outcomes and inform evidence-based recommendations and future research directions. In addition, this systematic review will also discover and locate an existing measurement tool for abortion care experiences and outcomes for women while receiving the services in the facility.
Resgate do Imaginário Feminino
Authors: Placido Silva Milena , Ribeiro Lopes de Almeida Edwirgens Aparecida 
Published: January 2025

Acreditava-se que a escrita era apenas um dom masculino e que as mulheres não possuíam imaginação e destreza para tal carreira, indo contra esse pensamento, no ano de 1884, Délia publica o romance Lésbia. Nesse artigo discutimos as dificuldades e desafios da mulher que pretendia ser escritora e o impacto que tal decisão causava na sociedade do século XIX, a partir do romance Lésbia.
Local anaesthetic efficacy provided by lidocaine or lidocaine-tramadol in dogs undergoing maxillary fourth premolar extraction
Authors: Giambrone Giada , Gugliandolo Enrico , Curto Simona , Miloro Renato , Vullo Cecilia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOral nerve blocks are an indispensable technique for pre-emptive pain management in various veterinary procedures, including tooth extractions. Local anaesthetic drugs are considered the safest and the most effective agents to inhibit oral pain. Recently, tramadol was used as an adjuvant to local anaesthetics to increase the duration of analgesia. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of maxillary nerve block induced by lidocaine or lidocaine-tramadol on perioperative pain in dogs undergoing upper fourth premolar extraction. A randomized blinded clinical study was conducted over five months involving sixteen animals divided into two groups, Group L (8 animals, Group Lidocaine) and Group LT (8 animals, Group Lidocaine-Tramadol). Both drugs provided effective pain control during and after surgical intervention, but lidocaine-tramadol resulted in longer analgesia than lidocaine alone. These findings suggest that the maxillary nerve block with lidocaine-tramadol can ensure adequate and prolonged pain control in dogs undergoing dental extraction. Although these are preliminary results, tramadol showed promising effects as a potential drug to use during oral surgery in association to local anaesthetics.
Association between the morphology of certain bones in the hind limbs and the variation in the morphology of the sacrum in greyhounds
Authors: Ismail Sa'ad M.Y. , Murray Christina M. , Stevenson Mark A. , Yen Hung-Hsun , Ismail Mustafa M. , Aldibi'i Ro'ya S. , Davies Helen M.S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo identify associations between the occurrence of sacrocaudal fusion and the potential morphology of certain hind limb bones in actively racing greyhounds.MethodsThe calcaneus, talus and patella from each hind limb were collected from 94 male and 77 female mature greyhound cadavers and grouped into four groups; right or left bones from greyhounds with a standard or fused sacrum. The measurements were recorded for the following parameters: body mass of the greyhound, mass, length, and width of the right and left calcanei, tali and patellae.ResultsA fused sacrum (4 sacral vertebrae) was present in 41% of specimens. The right and left calcanei, tali and patellae in greyhounds with a standard or fused sacrum were anatomically similar. Overall, left to right asymmetry was found, in the width of calcaneus (P < 0.01) and the talus (P < 0.05) and the length of calcaneus (P < 0.001) all these being larger in bones from the left hind limbs. Comparing bones from dogs with a fused or unfused sacrum showed that the right calcaneus length (P < 0.05) was significantly less than the left in those greyhounds with standard sacrum; the right calcaneus width was significantly less (P < 0.01) than the left in those with a fused sacrum. There were no significant differences in the means of measurements of bones between greyhounds with a standard and those with a fused sacrum except for the mass of the right (95% CI 0.22 to 1.10, P < 0.01) and left (95% CI 0.18 to 1.04, P < 0.01) calcaneus which were heavier in greyhounds with a fused sacrum than those with a standard sacrum.ConclusionIn a population of greyhounds that race on anticlockwise tracks, the left calcaneus was wider and longer than the right and the left talus was wider. This asymmetry was more significant in dogs with sacrocaudal fusion and those dogs had more massive calcanei than dogs with standard sacrums, suggesting a difference in the way these bones were loaded in dogs with sacrocaudal fusion compared to dogs with the standard sacral anatomy.
Ungarn als Bollwerk des Abendlandes und der Türkenkrieg zur Zeit von Johannes Hunyadi und Matthias Corvinus
Authors: Costanza Salvatore 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs far as concerns 15th-century Hungary, there is a rhetorical closeness in the literary writings of Italian Humanists such as Enea Silvio Piccolomini, Francesco Filelfo, Antonio Bonfini or Sicilian Pietro Ranzano. Their panegyrics of John Hunyadi and his son King Matthias Corvinus give the exalted portrait of these rulers as Christian warlords and defenders of the Faith against Turks. Hungary is currently identified as bulwark of the Western Christendom opposed to the expansion of the Ottoman Empire. This topos is also echoed by Pope Sixtus IV and his Chancellery and also by late Scholastic chronicler János Thuróczy. The Hungarian bulwark image was, thus, spread among European sources starting from the 16th century. Hungarian superiority at the head of European powers was, thus, assured through this propagandistic theme.
Les origines et la structure de la Chronique de Morée
Authors: Török Ábel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe paper discusses the creation of the Chronicle of Morea (Τὸ Χρονικὸν τοῦ Μορέως), the author's intentions and the structure of the work. The endings of the two earliest Greek manuscripts of the Chronicle differ: one continues the story of the Peloponnesian Franks in chronological order, the other ends with a significantly earlier, out-of-place legend of Sir Geoffroy de Briel, of almost 400 lines, a story mentioned thousands of lines earlier in the other manuscript. An overall analysis of the poetic work and the significance and location of this detail suggest that the Chronicle, like the ancient epics, may have been composed of smaller units that were performed as separate pieces. The first half of the paper examines the structure of the Chronicle in detail, exploring what holds the individual units together and for what purpose they were structured as an organic whole. It then analyses the issues of the above-mentioned story, which does not fit the structure: the excerpt contains several folktale motifs, but also parallels with the stories of the antiheroes of the chansons de geste (Crusade cycle). It shows the possible links between the Chronicle and the Old French chansons and how the French literary and cultural tradition influenced the work.
Yoga Techniques Associated with Improved Insulin Resistance in Women with PCOS: A Pilot Study
Authors: Verma Anushka , Gandhi Asha , Sirdesai Nivedita , Chandra Vineeta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex heterogenic disease of unknown etiology, is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Sufferers often exhibit significant insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, obesity, and dyslipidemia. There is no cure for PCOS, although metformin and weight reduction have shown some benefits. Yoga has become increasingly popular for its beneficial effects, including on physiological functions such as carbohydrate metabolism and lipid profile. We aimed to explore the potential associations between yoga practices and insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Thirty-five newly diagnosed women with PCOS were enrolled in the study, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was performed on blood samples. Participants were then advised on yoga practices comprising kriya, postures and breathwork for 6 days a week for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, HOMA-IR was repeated. Results were compared using the Wilcoxon ranked-sum test. Our study showed a decrease in mean body weight from 64.90 ± 1.95 kg to 61.53 ± 1.71 kg (p = 0.001), in mean BMI from 25.66 ± 0.65 kg/m2 to 24.33 ± 0.56 kg/m2 (p = 0.001), in fasting blood sugar from 95.73 ± 3.23 mg/dL to 91.83 ± 2.17 mg/dL (p = 0.007), in fasting insulin from 14.89 ± 1.47 μU/mL to 11.47 ± 1.06 μU/mL (p = 0.0001), and in HOMA-IR from 3.76 ± 0.50 to 2.72 ± 0.32 (p = 0.0001). Yoga techniques were associated with improvements in insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
ISOLA2024: Assessing and Understanding Uncertainties of Full Moment Tensors
Authors: Zahradník Jiří , Sokos Efthimios 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
ISOLA is a software package designed to calculate centroid moment tensors (MTs) by waveform inversion for single- and multiple-point-source models. Calculations are running with Fortran codes under Matlab Graphic User Interface. The codes have been continuously developed and widely used for over 20 yr. ISOLA2024 is the latest version upgraded in the assessment of MT uncertainties, important mainly for non-double-couple (non-DC) MT components. Data error is assumed to be represented by residual waveforms. The uncertainties are evaluated with existing methods using four types of covariance matrices (CMs). The code produces simple statistics of non-DC components, including their variations over grid-searched source positions. Hudson’s plots of MT scatter enable the classification of the source type. The CM methods are explained with four earthquake data sets. We show that CMs may assist in choosing a low-noise frequency range for inversion and suppress correlated data errors; thus, they improve the MT estimate, yet do not increase waveform fit. Error bounds of the non-DC percentages strongly vary across the example events (up to ∼20%) and slightly change with the used CM type. In certain applications, as a joint effect of the source position, station configuration, frequency range, and velocity model, MT uncertainty can be so large that even source type (e.g., DC, implosion, crack, etc.) remains unresolved. In other applications, the non-DC components can be resolved very well, within ∼5%. In contrast to automated MT inversions, ISOLA2024 is suitable for applications involving repeated inversions of an earthquake, with varied parameters, and offers insight into the processing steps. It is also a test bed for new CM methods before their automation and can serve as an educational tool.