bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental studies of CO2 and NO mitigation using potential adsorbents in a standby power generation unit
Authors: Ravi Maniarasu , Rathore Sushil Kumar , Sivalingam Murugan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis current investigation evaluates the feasibility of employing potential adsorbents obtained from various biomass waste substances, namely, (i) coconut shell, (ii) rice husk, and (iii) eucalyptus wood, for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture applications. Activated carbons are obtained from abundantly available renewable biomass residues by single‐stage activation. The adsorption properties are evaluated using advanced techniques. Further, the adsorbents are packed in an in‐house fabricated post‐combustion adsorption chamber. In this investigation, the feasibility of employing adsorbents for capturing CO2 and NO by using an adsorption technique in a diesel engine‐operated standby diesel generator set intended to supply electrical power to a guest house, hostels, faculty quarters, and residential area in an educational institution in India is investigated. Essential parameters such as (i) maximum adsorption capacity, (ii) fractional adsorption kinetics, (iii) regenerability and reusability, (iv) dynamic adsorption of the breakthrough curve, and (v) isosteric enthalpy of adsorption of adsorbent samples are also examined. Compared to the other adsorbents examined, eucalyptus wood adsorbent mitigates CO2 and NO by 50% and 36% at full load, respectively.
Early Prediction of the Remaining Useful Life of Lithium‐Ion Cells Using Ensemble and Non‐Ensemble Algorithms
Authors: Josephin J.S. Femilda , Sonthalia Ankit , Subramanian Thiyagarajan , Aloui Fethi , Bhatt Dhowmya , Varuvel Edwin Geo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLithium‐ion cells have become an important part of our daily lives. They are used to power mobile phones, laptops and more recently electric vehicles (both two‐ and four‐wheelers). The chemical behavior of the cells is rather complex and non‐linear. For reliable and sustainable use of the cells for practical applications, it is imperative to predict the precise pace at which their capacity will degrade. More importantly, the lifetime of the cells must be predicted at an early stage, which would accelerate development and design optimization of the cells. However, most of the existing methods cannot predict the lifetime at an early stage, since there is a weak correlation between the cell capacity and lifetime. In this study for accurate forecasting of the battery lifetime, the patterns of the parameters such as cell current, voltage, temperature, charging time, internal resistance, and capacity were examined during charging and discharging cycle of the cell. Twelve manually crafted features were prepared from these parameters. The dataset for the features was created using the raw data of the first 100 cycles of 124 cells. Six ensemble and non‐ensemble machine learning algorithms, namely, multiple linear regression (MLR), decision tree, support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting machine (GBM), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), were trained with the features for predicting the life‐cycle of the cells. The R2 and root mean squared error (RMSE) values of MLR, decision tree, SVM, GBM, LGBM, and XGBoost were found to be 0.72 and 201, 0.83 and 155, 0.85 and 146, 0.92 and 100, 0.9 and 112, and 0.94 and 95, respectively. The prediction accuracy of lithium‐ion cell life‐time was found to be the best with the XGBoost algorithm. This shows that only first 100 cycles are required foraccurately predicting the number of cycles the lithium‐ion cell can work for. Lastly, the results of the study were compared with the available studies in the literature. Three studies were chosen, and the RMSE of the method proposed in this study was found to be higher than the three studies by 43, 17, and 20. Therefore, the proposed method is a suitable option for predicting the lifetime of lithium‐ion cells during the early stages of its development.
Revolutionizing sensing technologies: A comprehensive review of flexible acceleration sensors
Authors: Wu Bozhi , Li Ke , Wang Lei , Yin Kuibo , Nie Meng , Sun Litao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFlexible sensing technologies are pivotal for achieving multidimensional spatial freedom in sensing capabilities. Within this domain, flexible acceleration sensors stand out as innovative devices capable of accurately monitoring acceleration signals, even amidst deformation scenarios such as bending, compression, or stretching. These sensors are increasingly recognized for their transformative potential across various sectors, including health monitoring, industrial machinery, soft robotics, and so on. This review delves into the recent progress in the field of flexible acceleration sensors, examining their operational mechanisms, the materials used for the sensing layers, and their performance characteristics based on different operational principles. Moreover, we explore the diverse applications of these sensors in areas such as wearable devices, infrastructure surveillance, and automotive safety, providing a comprehensive overview of their current uses. Additionally, we assess the advantages and limitations of flexible acceleration sensors and propose potential directions for their advancement. Through this review, we aim to highlight the significant role that flexible acceleration sensors play in the ongoing evolution of sensing technologies, underscoring their importance in a wide array of applications.
Contextualizing guidelines for the health system of Cyprus: Experiences and lessons learnt
Authors: Kouis Panayiotis , McGuire Hugh , Kyriacou Monika , Yiallourou Anneza , Sioftanos Anastasis , Kolokotroni Ourania , Achilleos Haris , Grime Craig , Pinilla‐Dominguez Pilar , Giallouros Giorgos , Englezou Christina ,   Contextualization group, Yiallouros Panayiotis K. , Nikolopoulos Georgios K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundCyprus is undergoing a major health reform with the recent establishment of the General Healthcare System (GHS). The GHS offers equal healthcare access through one primary insurer (Health Insurance Organization [HIO]) and benefits from a wide collaborative network of public and private healthcare providers. However, unwanted variation in practice makes this transition challenging. Healthcare guidelines could decrease these variations in practice, but Cyprus lacks the capacity to develop them de novo. Through a collaboration with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the United Kingdom, the contextualization of NICE guidelines and the derivation of local quality indicators are carried out. This study presents the methodology and experience of contextualizing the first three NICE guidelines and deriving associated quality indicators in Cyprus.MethodsHIO managed the guideline contextualization with the support of a Guidelines Secretariat. For each guideline, a local topic expert committee (TEC) was recruited. Through a series of meetings, followed by public consultation, each TEC made contextual changes to the guideline and derived relevant quality indicators. During this process, NICE assured quality by overseeing several elements of the contextualization procedure such as TEC membership, proposed changes and justification and derived quality indicators.ResultsBetween 2022 and 2024, three NICE guidelines, NG196 on Atrial fibrillation (AF), NG230 on Thyroid cancer (TC) and NG203 on Chronic kidney disease (CKD), were contextualized through the modification of several individual guideline recommendations (21/79 [26.6%] in AF, 37/67 [55.2%] in TC and 62/217 [28.6%] in CKD). In parallel, NICE quality indicators were screened for applicability and feasibility in Cyprus while additional indicators were developed if required.ConclusionIn a country with limited experience in guideline development, a supervised and systematic process supported by an established organization ensures quality, is less resource intensive and builds capability for the sustainability of the process.
Multiple Sets of Unconformity Migration Capacity and Their Influence on Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Bozhong Area of the Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Pang Lei , Sun Yonghe , Hu Ming , Sun Tongwen , Shi Shangming 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Bohai Bay Basin is one of China's largest basins in terms of discovered hydrocarbon reserves. In this basin, unconformities serve as key pathways for the lateral migration of hydrocarbons, with the T8, T5 and T2 unconformities being the main ones developed here. Studying how these three unconformities differ in migration capacity is therefore essential for understanding hydrocarbon accumulation. By using logging data, along with measurements of porosity, permeability and sedimentary facies distribution, we analysed and compared the structures, physical properties and continuity of these unconformities. Based on this analysis, we linked hydrocarbon reserves per unit area to migration probability and developed a model for migration range. The results show that: (1) Although the T8 unconformity has poorer porosity and permeability compared to T5, it provides better continuity for migration channels, making T8 the main pathway in depressions, while T5 is more discontinuous and thus likely to form lithologic reservoirs in these areas. (2) T8 and T5 overlap gradually along the uplift belts, where both the porosity‐permeability and thickness of these unconformities improve, and T2 has both good continuity and physical properties, facilitating lateral migration on the uplift belts. (3) Compared with other unconformities, T2 is the primary migration pathway above the uplift areas.
Resectable Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma in the Immunotherapy Era: Upfront Surgery vs. Neoadjuvant Therapy
Authors: Salem Aya F. , Chen Melissa M. , Williams Michelle D. , Swanson David M. , McQuade Jennifer L. , Amaria Rodabe N. , Hanna Ehab Y. , Bishop Andrew J. , Farooqi Ahsan S. , Guadagnolo B. Ashleigh , Su Shirley Y. , Mitra Devarati 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe aim to evaluate outcomes for patients with resectable SNMM treated in the immunotherapy era.MethodsThirty‐seven patients with resectable SNM were identified using our institutional database between 2016 and 2023.ResultsPatients receiving neoadjuvant Ipi/Nivo (46%, n = 17) were more likely to have disease involving the sinuses and/or the skull base (71% vs. 35%, p = 0.05). The overall response rate to Ipi/Nivo was 24%. Two‐year LRFS from the start of therapy was 63%, and from the end of local therapy was 78%. Two‐year PFS was 49%. The patients who received Ipi/Nivo with evidence of response (n = 4, 24%) had better PFS (2‐year PFS 100% vs. 15%, p = 0.02) and LRFS (2‐year LRFS 100% vs. 31%, p = 0.08).ConclusionsOutcomes for resectable SNMM patients continue to be poor in the immunotherapy era. In the context of selection bias, neoadjuvant Ipi/Nivo was not associated with better outcomes in all‐comers. However, those with evidence of response to Ipi/Nivo had better prognosis.
“I Don't Really Understand It All!”: A Qualitative Study of Parental Perceptions of Australian Vaping Laws
Authors: Rose Shiho , McGill Bronwyn , Watts Christina , Dessaix Anita , Freeman Becky 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIssue AddressedAdolescent vaping is a persistent public health concern. In response to this, Australia's regulatory environment has been rapidly evolving. As parents play a key role to mitigate adolescent vaping, the aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of parents of young people (aged 14–17 years) regarding Australian vaping laws, prior to the 2024 policy changes.MethodsQualitative data was analysed from Generation Vape, a national study of vaping attitudes, knowledge and behaviours amongst targeted cohorts. Parents participated in online focus group discussions conducted in April 2023. Reflexive thematic analysis was used.ResultsIn total, 92 individuals participated in 18 focus groups. Four main themes were generated: (i) knowledge and comprehension of laws; (ii) perceived effectiveness and impact of vaping laws; and (iii) action. Participants indicated mixed knowledge of the laws and expressed confusion about their rationale. Some felt that the laws highlighted that vaping is negative and that knowing the laws gave support to parents in discouraging adolescent vaping. However, others thought the laws were irrelevant believing adolescents would continue vaping regardless. There was agreement that the laws were insufficient to protect young people from vapes and convoluted by loopholes.ConclusionsEnsuring public knowledge about vaping laws is accurate and communicated effectively is paramount. Parents are public health allies in this issue, who can play an important role in addressing adolescent vaping, however, need to be supported in doing so.So What?With further vaping laws introduced in 2024, there is an opportunity to be proactive and ensure that clear, consistent and current information is communicated.
Physical Activity and Its Relationship With National‐Based Examination Results Among Adolescents
Authors: Venugopal V. , Ismail M. , Mohamed M.N.A. , Chinna K. , Jalaludin M.Y. , Su T.T. , Majid H.A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study investigated the longitudinal relationship between self‐reported physical activity and national examination results among adolescents in an upper‐middle‐income country.MethodsThis study engaged in a secondary data analysis derived from a closed prospective cohort consisting of 579 students, who were recruited at the age of 13 in 2012 and followed up at ages 15 (2014) and 17 (2016) as part of the Malaysian Health and Adolescents Longitudinal Research Team (MyHeART) study, which was conducted across three states in Peninsula Malaysia. Physical activity levels were evaluated using the Physical Activity Questionnaire, and outcomes were assessed based on the National‐Based Examinations at ages 15 (Form 3, Year 9) and 17 (Form 5, Year 11) in Malaysia. A multivariate ordinal regression employing complex sample analysis was applied to ascertain the relationship between physical activity and national examination results.ResultsIn Form 3 (Year 9), those physically active performed better in Malay Language, English Language, Mathematics and Science. Those physically active in Form 5 (Year 11), performed better in Modern Mathematics, Chemistry, and Principles of Accounting. Longitudinally, there was an increase in the overall percentage of those who were overweight and obese and an increase in those with suboptimal dietary and iron intake.ConclusionsThis study has shown that those physically active students fared better in several subjects in the national‐based examinations. Suitable physical activity intervention should be tailored accordingly to support adolescents’ optimum achievement in academia.
Digital Cytometry: Extraction of Forward and Side Scattering Signals From Holotomography
Authors: Jo Jaepil , Hugonnet Herve , Lee Mahn Jae , Park YongKeun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFlow cytometry is a cornerstone technique in medical and biological research, providing crucial information about cell size and granularity through forward scatter (FSC) and side scatter (SSC) signals. Despite its widespread use, the precise relationship between these scatter signals and corresponding microscopic images remains underexplored. Here, we investigate this intrinsic relationship by utilizing scattering theory and holotomography, a three‐dimensional quantitative phase imaging (QPI) technique. We demonstrate the extraction of FSC and SSC signals from individual, unlabeled cells by analyzing their three‐dimensional refractive index distributions obtained through holotomography. Additionally, we introduce a method for digital windowing of SSC signals to facilitate effective segmentation and morphology‐based cell type classification. Our approach bridges the gap between flow cytometry and microscopic imaging, offering a new perspective on analyzing cellular characteristics with high accuracy and without the need for labeling.
A Compact Prism‐Based Microscope for Highly Sensitive Measurements in Fluid Biopsy
Authors: Perego Laura , Dallari Caterina , Falciani Chiara , Pini Alessandro , Gardini Lucia , Credi Caterina , Pavone Francesco Saverio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe increasing demand for sensitive, portable, and affordable disease detection methods has spurred the development of advanced biosensors for rapid early‐stage diagnosis, population mass screening, and bed‐monitoring. Current high‐sensitivity devices face hurdles such as high production costs and challenges in multiplexed signal detection. To address these, we developed a prism‐based total internal reflection system which, in combination with surface functionalization techniques of gold nanoparticles, enables evanescent wave scattering for highly sensitive and rapid detection of specific analytes in both synthetic and human liquid samples. To validate its efficacy, we conducted scattering experiments in synthetic and human serum samples, exploiting functionalized AuNPs to recognize bacterial lipopolysaccharides as biomarkers for sepsis disease. We demonstrate a remarkable sensitivity in the femtogram per mL concentration range for this specific pathological biomarker. Based on this result we envisage the potential adoption of our technique for liquid biopsy in the clinical scenario.
Ultrasonographic Findings of Abdominal Ectopic Pregnancy After In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer: A Case Report
Authors: Xu Ye , Song Jinshuang , Liu Jinghua 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis case study presents the diagnosis and management of an abdominal ectopic pregnancy following in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer (IVF‐ET). The patient initially experienced atypical symptoms. Elevated serum β‐hCG levels and comprehensive imaging eventually confirmed the diagnosis of abdominal ectopic pregnancy. Timely laparoscopic surgery was performed, effectively managing this rare and potentially life‐threatening condition. This case underscores the importance of thorough follow‐up and advanced imaging techniques in the early detection and treatment of ectopic pregnancies, particularly in the context of assisted reproductive technologies.
Predicting 30‐day mortality in older patients with suspected infections by adding performance status to quick sequential organ failure assessment
Authors: Kudo Masataka , Sasaki Sho , Takada Toshihiko , Fujii Kotaro , Yagi Yu , Yano Tetsuhiro , Sada Ken‐ei , Fukuhara Shunichi , Suganuma Narufumi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundQuick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) is a simple and easy tool for identifying patients with suspected infection, who are at a high risk of poor outcome. However, its predictive performance is still insufficient. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG‐PS) score, a tool to evaluate physical function, has been recently reported to be useful in predicting the prognosis of patients with pneumonia. We aimed to evaluate the added value of ECOG‐PS to qSOFA in predicting 30‐day mortality in older patients admitted with suspected infections.MethodsBetween 2018 and 2019, we prospectively collected data from adults aged 65 years or older, admitted with suspected infection at two acute care hospitals. Predictive performance was compared between two logistic regression models: one using qSOFA score alone (qSOFA model) and the other in which ECOG‐PS was added to qSOFA (extended model).ResultsOf the 1536 enrolled patients, 135 (8.8%) died within 30 days. The area under the curve of the extended model was significantly higher than that of the qSOFA model (0.67 vs. 0.64, p = 0.008). When the risk groups were categorized as follows: low (<5%), intermediate (5%–10%), and high (≥10%), 5.0% of those who died and 2.1% of those who survived were correctly reclassified by the extended model with an overall categorized net reclassification improvement of 0.03 (95% confidence interval: −0.06 to 0.30).ConclusionsAdding the ECOG‐PS score could improve the performance of qSOFA in predicting mortality in older patients admitted with suspected infection.
Dissecting the COVID‐19 Immune Response: Unraveling the Pathways of Innate Sensing and Response to SARS‐CoV‐2 Structural Proteins
Authors: de Oliveira Silva Pinto Matheus , de Paula Pereira Leonardo , de Mendonça Angelo Ana Luiza Pessoa , Xavier Marcelo Antônio Pascoal , de Magalhães Vieira Machado Alexandre , Castro Russo Remo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV), the virus responsible for COVID‐19, interacts with the host immune system through complex mechanisms that significantly influence disease outcomes, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. These interactions are crucial in determining the disease's severity and the host's ability to clear the virus. Given the virus's substantial socioeconomic impact, high morbidity and mortality rates, and public health importance, understanding these mechanisms is essential. This article examines the diverse innate immune responses triggered by SARS‐CoV‐2's structural proteins, including the spike (S), membrane (M), envelope (E), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins, along with nonstructural proteins (NSPs) and open reading frames. These proteins play pivotal roles in immune modulation, facilitating viral replication, evading immune detection, and contributing to severe inflammatory responses such as cytokine storms and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The virus employs strategies like suppressing type I interferon production and disrupting key antiviral pathways, including MAVS, OAS‐RNase‐L, and PKR. This study also explores the immune pathways that govern the activation and suppression of immune responses throughout COVID‐19. By analyzing immune sensing receptors and the responses initiated upon recognizing SARS‐CoV‐2 structural proteins, this review elucidates the complex pathways associated with the innate immune response in COVID‐19. Understanding these mechanisms offers valuable insights for therapeutic interventions and informs public health strategies, contributing to a deeper understanding of COVID‐19 immunopathogenesis.