bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Care of People with Special Needs between the Prophetic Tradition and Algerian Law: The National Association al-Ṣāber Yanāl for People with Special Needs as a Model
Authors: Djouahi Abdelhafid , Ramchahi Abdollatif Ahmadi , Suliaman Ishak 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study entitled: “Care for people with special needs between the Sunnah of the Prophet and the Algerian law: (The National Association al-Saber Yanal for people with special needs as a model)” discussed the definitions related to people with special needs in linguistic, Qurʾānic and Sunnah context, as well as their definition in Algerian law, while dealing with the most important provisions of the constitution about their rights according to the law 02–09. This study sheds light on their rights in the Sunnah of the Prophet P.B.U.H and had a comprehensive discussion on the difference in their right between the Sunnah of the Prophet P.B.U.H and the Algerian law. The study has also done a field study on al-Ṣāber Yanāl Association for people with special needs in Ouargla (Algeria). The researchers used the inductive approach by extrapolating the hadiths of the Prophet P.B.U.H about people with special needs, and the comparative analytical approach to discuss and analyze the information obtained, and to compare the rights of people with special needs in Algerian law with their rights in the Sunnah of the Prophet P.B.U.H, and the applied approach, which included a field study on al-Ṣāber Yanāl Association, conducted an interview with four (4) members of the permanent members of the association. The study found that the Algerian law is considered a statutory law that falls short of containing the problems and issues of people of special needs, while the Sunnah of the Prophet P.B.U.H was totally the opposite; this is because the law that was legislated was deficient in several aspects and was not studied by qualified officials, and that the good aspects is bad implemented, in contrast to the many rights granted to them by the Prophet’s Sunnah, the most important of which is integrating them into society and making them part of it.
Mandatory Vision Test for Driver License Renewal in Association With Traffic Fatality and Injury Among Older Road Users in Utah
Authors: Pan Yuhan , Evans Alexander , Benedetti Marco H. , Zhu Motao 
Published: December 2023

In 2011, Utah began requiring that drivers aged 65 years and older pass a vision test at each license renewal. This study aims to investigate if the mandatory vision test associated with motor vehicle fatality and injury rates in older road users. We fit controlled interrupted time series analysis models to compare fatality and injury rates for older adults (65+) affected by the law to younger adults (45–64) unaffected by the law. The models yielded estimates of differential level and slope changes in fatality and injury rates, which we used to estimate policy associations. We did not find evidence that implementing an accelerated vision test for older adults in Utah was associated with a reduction in injury or fatality rates among older (65+) drivers and non-drivers relative to those aged 45–64. Other strategies might be considered to prevent fatal motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) in older adults.
Ballistic characterization of additively manufactured extrusion deposited thermoplastic composite plates
Authors: Landrie Dakota M , Tekinalp Halil , Hassen Ahmed , Theodore Merlin , Vaidya Uday 
Published: December 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly emerging in high performance applications such as army ground vehicles, automotive and transportation. However, the response of AM parts/components to extreme loading such as high velocity impacts is less studied. In this work, the performance under ballistic impact of AM panels is evaluated using a medium velocity gas gun, generating projectile velocities up to 400 m/s. The preferential print orientation properties are considered in order to evaluate whether the panels exhibit isotropic or anisotropic behavior under impact. Surface morphology is investigated by milling the beads smooth on samples and comparing the impact on as-printed samples to those that are smoothed. The effect of nickel chromium micron (nichrome) wire embedded in the AM panels (during print) of polycarbonate-carbon fiber (PC-CF) and polycarbonate-glass fiber (PC-GF) are explored. Thermoplastic polyurethane-acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/carbon fiber (TPU-ABS/CF), Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene-carbon-fiber (ABS-CF) AM samples absorbed >50% of the impact energy. The ballistic performance was noted to be in the following order – ABS-CF > TPU-ABS/CF > PC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to study the interface between the nichrome wire and the polymer-fiber matrix. This work is the first of its kind exploring into the capabilities of AM panels as ballistic materials. This study leads the way for developing AM panels that are easily manufactured and exhibit superior ballistic resistance.
Les pratiques de l’action intersectorielle locale pour l’équité en santé : étude du cas Quartier nourricier de la Corporation de développement communautaire Centre-Sud à Montréal
Authors: Bertrand Laurence , Chabot Catherine , Di Sante Mélissa , Bilodeau Angèle , Potvin Louise 
Published: December 2023

Introduction : Afin d’agir sur les inégalités de santé et les ressources locales promotrices de santé, les praticiens et les décideurs doivent être outillés pour pratiquer l’action intersectorielle locale. Planifier et optimiser ces partenariats demeure pourtant un défi en raison du manque de connaissances sur les processus menant à l’atteinte de leurs objectifs – ce qu’ils font et comment. Cette étude documente empiriquement, à l’aide d’une étude de cas, les pratiques de conception de l’action intersectorielle locale dans la démarche Quartier nourricier (QN) à Montréal. Méthodes : Une analyse secondaire d’un sous-ensemble des données originales du programme de recherche Valeur de l’action intersectorielle locale a été effectuée. Les données qualitatives sont issues d’une collecte de données prospective ayant suivi l’évolution du système d’action complexe QN entre mars et novembre 2014. Les traces observables de l’action ont été relevées dans des notes d’observation, des documents et des entretiens téléphoniques, puis codifiées dans une matrice chronologique d’évènements critiques et une matrice ordonnée par rôle. L’analyse inductive des matrices a identifié les éléments significatifs pour expliquer le déroulement de l’action. Résultats : Trois opérations interdépendantes et concomitantes affectent à la fois la relation entre les partenaires et la conception du projet : (a) l’idéation sous contraintes, (b) la négociation de priorités, et (c) la représentation politique. Chaque opération présente un ensemble de pratiques qui font progresser l’action intersectorielle locale. Conclusion : Mettre en lumière les pratiques du terrain, en les ancrant dans trois opérations nécessaires pour effectuer des transformations dans les environnements locaux favorables à la santé, permet de guider la planification des stratégies et la conduite des actions pour mener des partenariats intersectoriels. Mots clés : Action communautaire, action intersectorielle locale, collaboration/partenariats, conception, développement des capacités (y compris les compétences), environnements favorables à la santé, étude de cas, promotion de la santé, réalisme critique, urbanisme/santé urbaine/milieu urbain
Long-term follow-up of CD19-CAR T-cell therapy in children and young adults with B-ALL
Authors: Epperly Rebecca , Shah Nirali N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The tremendous successes of CD19-directed CAR T cells in children and young adults with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) has led to the more widespread use of this important treatment modality. With an ability to induce remission and potentially lead to long-term survival in patients with multiply relapsed/chemotherapy refractory disease, more children are now receiving this therapy with the hope of inducing a long-term durable remission (with or without consolidative hematopoietic cell transplantation). While overcoming the acute toxicities was critical to its broad implementation, the emerging utilization requires close evaluation of subacute and delayed toxicities alongside a consideration of late effects and issues related to survivorship following CAR T cells. In this underexplored area of toxicity monitoring, this article reviews the current state of the art in relationship to delayed toxicities while highlighting areas of future research in the study of late effects in children and young adults receiving CAR T cells.
Chronic GVHD: review advances in prevention, novel endpoints, and targeted strategies
Authors: Amanam Idoroenyi , Otoukesh Salman , Al Malki Monzr M. , Salhotra Amandeep 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a curative therapy for many malignant and non-malignant hematologic disorders. Chronic graft-versus-host (cGVHD) disease remains a significant hurdle for long-term survival in patients post allo-HCT, and it remains the leading cause of late non-relapse mortality. The risk factors for development of cGVHD include degree of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) disparity, increasing recipient age, use of peripheral blood stem cells as a source, myeloablative conditioning regimens, prior acute GVHD (aGVHD), and female donor to male recipient. Our biological understanding of cGVHD is mostly derived from transplantation mouse models and patient data. There are three distinct phases in the development of cGVHD. Approaches to prevent GVHD include pharmacologic strategies such as calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine, tacrolimus) combined with methotrexate or mTOR inhibitors (sirolimus), and IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors (mycophenolate mofetil). Increasingly, posttransplant cyclophosphamide is emerging as a promising strategy for GVCHD prevention especially in a setting of reduced intensity conditioning. Other approaches include serotherapy (ATG, Campath) and graft manipulation strategies. A significant obstacle to evaluating the response of novel GVHD-directed therapies has been standardized response assessments. This has functioned as a barrier to designing and interpreting clinical trials that are structured around the treatment of cGVHD. Novel endpoints including failure-free survival, Graft-versus-host disease-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS), and current GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (CGRFS) may create a clearer picture for post-HCT outcomes. Targeted therapies including Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibition, JAK1/2 inhibition, and ROCK2 inhibitors have improved cGVHD therapy, especially in the steroid refractory setting. Continued improvement in prophylactic strategies for cGVHD, identification of accurate cGVHD treatment endpoints, and access to novel therapeutic agents are expected to improve cGVHD outcomes.
Amyloid consults do not have to be vexing
Authors: D'Souza Anita 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Diagnosing amyloidosis can be challenging due to its clinical heterogeneity, need for multiple specialists to make a diagnosis, and lack of a single diagnostic test for the disease. Patients are often diagnosed late, in advanced stage, and after exhibiting multiple symptoms and signs for a long period. It is important to develop a clinical suspicion of amyloidosis, particularly in those with multisystemic symptoms and high-risk patient populations such as those with precursor hematologic conditions. A systematic approach to the workup of suspected amyloidosis is key, including a comprehensive clinical assessment, laboratory tests to assess organ involvement, advanced imaging studies, screening for plasma cell disorder, and tissue biopsy when necessary. After making a diagnosis of amyloidosis, accurate typing of amyloid deposits, differentiating between localized and systemic amyloidosis, and appropriately staging the disease is important. Early diagnosis is crucial for improving patient outcomes and quality of life in light chain amyloidosis.
Options at the time of relapse after anti-BCMA therapy
Authors: Razzo Beatrice , Garfall Alfred L. , Cohen Adam D. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)–directed therapies, including antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), and chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CARTs), have shown remarkable efficacy in patients with late-line myeloma with prior exposure to immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 antibodies. However, optimal sequencing of these agents remains to be determined, and management of these patients once they relapse has become a new unmet need. Fortunately, there are multiple options with demonstrated activity after anti-BCMA therapy, including a different BCMA-directed therapy, non-BCMA-directed CARTs and BsAbs, novel non–T-cell–engaging drugs, and standard triplet/quadruplet regimens or salvage stem cell transplant. Factors to consider when choosing a next therapy after anti-BCMA therapy include patient characteristics and preferences, prior therapies and toxicities, disease biology, timing from last anti-BCMA therapy, and, in the future, BCMA expression and immune profiling. While current data are limited to retrospective studies and small prospective cohorts, the serial use of T-cell–engaging therapies looks particularly promising, especially as BCMA-directed therapies move up earlier in the myeloma treatment course and additional CARTs and BsAbs against alternative targets (eg, G protein–coupled receptor, family C, group 5, member D and Fc receptor-homolog 5) become available. Going forward, ongoing prospective studies, large real-world data sets, and better tools to interrogate antigen expression and immune cell fitness hopefully will provide further insight into how to best individualize therapy for this difficult-to-treat population.
Atypical CML: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Breccia Massimo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML) is included in the group of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms by the International Consensus Classification and has been renamed as MDS/MPN with neutrophilia by the fifth edition of World Health Organization classification. It is always characterized by morphologic identification of granulocytic dysplasia with &gt;10% circulating immature myeloid cells, 2 distinguished features that differentiate this disease among the others. Somatic mutations may help to diagnose but are not specifically pathognomonic of the disease, with the most detected including ASXL1, SETBP1, NRAS, KRAS, SRSF2, and TET2 and with low-frequency CBL, CSF3R, JAK2, and ETNK1. The genomic landscape of aCML has been recently unravelling, revealing that SETBP1 and ETNK1 are usually not ancestral but secondary events associated with disease progression. Unfortunately, until now, no consensus on risk stratification and treatment has been developed: Mayo Clinic prognostic score identified as adverse events age &gt;67 years, hemoglobin level &lt;10  g/dL, and TET2 mutations. Although some possible genetic markers have been identified, allogeneic transplant remains the only curative strategy.
The optimal management of relapsed and refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: post–brentuximab and checkpoint inhibitor failure
Authors: Grover Natalie S. , Dittus Christopher , Thakkar Astha , Beaven Anne W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The treatment landscape of classical Hodgkin lymphoma has changed dramatically over the past decade. Relapsed and refractory mainstay therapeutics such as brentuximab vedotin (BV) and checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are being moved to earlier lines of therapy. However, the treatment of patients who progress after BV and CPI remains a challenge. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation still plays an important role in this patient population as the only current treatment approach with curative potential. Unfortunately, not all patients are transplant candidates, and many will still relapse afterward. Cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation may be used for symptom palliation or as a bridge to transplant. Targeted therapies, including the antibody drug conjugate, camidanlumab tesirine, and transcriptional agents such mammalian target of rapamycin and histone deacetylase inhibitors have shown some potential in patients with refractory disease. In addition, combination therapies with CPIs and novel agents may help overcome resistance to therapy. Clinical trials with cellular therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CD30 and allogeneic natural killer cells combined with AFM13, a CD30/CD16a-bispecific antibody, have shown promising results. The availability of more therapeutic options for this patient population is eagerly awaited.
Immunotherapy of acquired hemophilia A
Authors: Tiede Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the formation of autoantibodies that neutralize the function of coagulation factor VIII. Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) with glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide, rituximab, or combinations thereof is the standard of care to suppress autoantibody formation and induce remission of AHA. About 80% of patients achieve remission over the course of a few weeks to several months. However, patients with AHA are often elderly and frail and have adverse events from IST. Therefore, guidelines suggest an individualized approach using caution in elderly and frail patients. Prophylaxis with emicizumab may reduce the need for early and aggressive IST in the future.
Where have all the platelets gone? HIT, DIC, or something else?
Authors: Jesudas Rohith , Takemoto Clifford M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Thrombocytopenia in ill children is common; accurately diagnosing the underlying etiology is challenging and essential for appropriate management. Triggers for accelerated consumption of platelets are numerous; common downstream mechanisms of clearance include platelet trapping in microvascular thrombi, phagocytosis, and platelet activation. Thrombocytopenia with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) is frequently due to disseminated intravascular coagulation. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a subgroup of MAHA. Specific TMA syndromes include thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, complement-mediated TMA (CM-TMA), and Shiga toxin–mediated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Isolated thrombocytopenia is characteristic of immune thrombocytopenia; however, concomitant cytopenias are frequent in critically ill patients, making the diagnosis difficult. Immune thrombocytopenia with large vessel thrombosis is a feature of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. In addition, thrombocytopenia is common with macrophage activation, which is characteristic of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. While thrombocytopenia in ill patients can be driven by hypoproliferative processes such as myelosuppression and/or bone marrow failure, this review will focus on consumptive thrombocytopenia due to immune and nonimmune causes.
Pyruvate kinase activators for treatment of pyruvate kinase deficiency
Authors: Grace Rachael F. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is a congenital hemolytic anemia with wide-ranging clinical symptoms and complications associated with significant morbidity and reduced health-related quality of life in both children and adults. The management of patients with PK deficiency has been historically challenging due to difficulties in the diagnostic evaluation, heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, and treatment options limited to supportive care with transfusions and splenectomy. An oral allosteric PK activator, mitapivat, is now a clinically available disease-modifying treatment for adults with PK deficiency. Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials of mitapivat have demonstrated sustained improvements in hemolytic anemia, hematopoiesis, and quality of life in many adults with PK deficiency and a generally reassuring safety profile with continued dosing. Additional long-term benefits include rapid and ongoing reduction in iron overload and potential stabilization of bone health. Clinical trials of treatment with mitapivat in children with PK deficiency are ongoing. In addition to disease-modifying treatment with PK activators, gene therapy is a potentially curative treatment currently under evaluation in clinical trials. With the availability of disease-targeted therapies, accurately diagnosing PK deficiency in patients with chronic hemolytic anemia is critical. PK activation and gene therapy have the potential to change the natural history of PK deficiency by improving clinical manifestations and patient quality of life and decreasing the risk of long-term complications.
How to manage splanchnic vein thrombosis in patients with liver disease
Authors: Riva Nicoletta , Ageno Walter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Liver cirrhosis and splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) are strictly correlated. Portal vein thrombosis, the most common location of SVT, is frequently diagnosed in liver cirrhosis (pooled incidence 4.6 per 100 patient-years), and liver cirrhosis is a common risk factor for SVT (reported in 24%-28% of SVT patients). In cirrhosis-associated SVT, anticoagulant treatment reduces mortality rates, thrombosis extension, and major bleeding, and increases the rates of recanalization, compared to no treatment. Achieving vessel recanalization improves the prognosis of cirrhotic patients by reducing liver-related complications (such as variceal bleeding, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy). Anticoagulation should be therefore routinely prescribed to cirrhotic patients with acute SVT unless contraindicated by active bleeding associated with hemodynamic impairment or by excessively high bleeding risk. Of note, early treatment is associated with higher probability of achieving vessel recanalization. The standard treatment consists of low-molecular-weight heparin, followed by oral anticoagulants (eg, vitamin K antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants), if not contraindicated by severe liver dysfunction. Cirrhotic patients with SVT should be treated long-term (especially if candidate for liver transplantation) since liver cirrhosis is a persistent risk factor for recurrent thrombosis. In this review, we discuss the management of SVT in patients with liver cirrhosis, with a focus on the anticoagulant treatment in terms of indications, timing, drugs, duration, and particular scenarios, such as gastroesophageal varices and thrombocytopenia.
T-cell lymphopenia in frequent volunteer platelet donors
Authors: Kaufman Richard M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the United States, more than 2 000 000 apheresis platelet units are collected annually from volunteer donors. Platelet donors in the United States and elsewhere are permitted to donate up to 24 times per year. Recently, frequent apheresis platelet donation has been associated with severe T-cell lymphopenia. Several frequent platelet donors have been found to have peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell counts below 200 cells/µL, the threshold for AIDS in HIV-positive individuals. Independent risk factors for plateletpheresis-associated lymphopenia include lifetime donations, age, and donations on the Trima Accel instrument (Terumo BCT), which uses a leukoreduction system (LRS) chamber to trap white blood cells. Less often, severe lymphopenia can occur in donors collected on the Fenwal Amicus instrument (Fresenius Kabi), which has no LRS. For Trima Accel donors, lymphopenia can be partially mitigated by performing a plasma rinseback step at the end of collection. To date, there is no definitive evidence that plateletpheresis-associated lymphopenia is harmful. In a study of frequent platelet donors with lymphopenia who were administered COVID-19 messenger RNA vaccines, immune responses were normal. The homeostatic mechanisms responsible for maintaining a normal peripheral blood T-cell count remain obscure, as do the causal mechanisms underlying plateletpheresis-associated lymphopenia.