bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitro Compounds Inhibit Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Colony Formation: Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Pharmacological Properties
Authors: Comert Onder Ferah , Sahin Nebahat , Davutlar Gulce , Onder Alper , Ay Mehmet 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, the concept of combined in vitro and in silico studies were utilized by using some synthesized nitro bearing compounds. The anticancer activities of the studied compounds were performed by using colony formation analysis, cell cytotoxicity, and migration. Nitro group containing two compounds were analyzed using Hoechst staining to indicate the morphological changes on the nuclei of cancer cells under fluorescence microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed with N,N‐dibutyl‐nitro‐substituted compound. Nitro containing anticancer agents were shown the inhibition at 1.5 μM and 2 μM concentrations, and nuclear apoptosis was detected. In addition, cell‐to‐cell interaction on MDA‐MB‐231 cells was broken and observed morphologic changes following the treatment with N,N‐dibutyl‐nitro‐substituted compound at the effective doses. In general, the other nitro compounds showed cell cytotoxicity at 5 μM, 10 μM, and 20 μM. Two hits as anticancer agents were determined as potential interleukin‐1 receptor‐associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) and interleukin‐1 receptor‐associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) inhibitor candidates. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations studies will provide that the binding patterns with specific residues such as Met265, Tyr284 of the IRAK family members, and these will contribute to further in vitro and in vivo studies for targeted breast cancer therapy.
Phosphorus‐Doped Nickel Oxide Micro‐Supercapacitor: Unleashing the Power of Energy Storage for Miniaturized Electronic Devices
Authors: Siddiqui Shumile Ahmed , Das Subhabrata , Rani Seema , Afshan Mohd , Pahuja Mansi , Jain Ayushi , Rani Daya , Chaudhary Nikita , Jyoti  , Ghosh Rishita , Riyajuddin Sk , Bera Chandan , Ghosh Kaushik 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor an uninterrupted self‐powered network, the requirement of miniaturized energy storage device is of utmost importance. This study explores the potential utilization of phosphorus‐doped nickel oxide (P‐NiO) to design highly efficient durable micro‐supercapacitors. The introduction of P as a dopant serves to enhance the electrical conductivity of bare NiO, leading to 11‐fold augmentation in volumetric capacitance to 841.92 Fcm−3 followed by significant enhancement of energy and power density from 6.71 to 42.096 mWhcm−3 and 0.47 to 1.046 Wcm−3, respectively. Theoretical calculations used to determine the adsorption energy of OH‐ ions, revealing higher in case of bare NiO (1.52 eV) as compared to phosphorus‐doped NiO (0.64 eV) leading to high electrochemical energy storage performance. The as‐designed micro‐supercapacitor (MSC) device demonstrates a facile integration with the photovoltaic system for renewable energy storage and smooth transfer to external loads for enlightening the blue LED for ≈1 min. The choice of P‐NiO/Ni not only contributes to cost reduction but also ensures minimal lattice mismatch at the interface facilitating high durability up to 15 K cycles along with capacitive retention of ≈100% and coulombic efficiency of 93%. Thus, the heterostructure unveils the possibilities of exploring miniaturized energy storage devices for portable electronics.
Novel Thermoelectric Fabric Structure with Switched Thermal Gradient Direction toward Wearable In‐Plane Thermoelectric Generators
Authors: Ding Ding , Wu Qian , Li Qian , Chen Yixun , Zhi Chao , Wei Xia , Wang Jinmei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWearable thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have exhibited great potential to convert the temperature gradient between the human body and the environment into electrical energy for maintenance‐free wearable applications. A 2D planar device structure is widely employed for fabricating flexible TEGs due to its simple structure and facile fabrication properties. However, this device configuration is more appropriate for utilizing in‐plane temperature differences than the out‐of‐plane direction, which limits their application in wearable cases since the temperature difference between the human body and the environment is in the out‐of‐plane direction. To solve this problem, a novel fabric‐based TEG structure that can utilize the out‐of‐plane temperature gradient is proposed in this work. By introducing thermally conductive components in the generator, the out‐of‐plane temperature difference can be switched to the in‐plane direction, which can be further utilized for 2D planar devices in wearable applications. The prepared thermoelectric fabric prototype with only 12 p‐type TE legs exhibits a maximum open‐circuit voltage of 4.69 mV and an output power of 39.7 nW at a temperature difference of 30 K. This strategy exhibits a high degree of versatility and can be readily applied to other 2D planar TEGs, thus expanding their potential application in wearable technology.
Platinum‐Grafted Twenty‐Five Atom Gold Nanoclusters for Robust Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Mymoona Paloli , Rival Jose V. , Nonappa  , Shibu Edakkattuparambil Sidharth , Jeyabharathi Chinnaiah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA robust hydrogen evolution is demonstrated from Au25(PET)18]− nanoclusters (PET = 2‐phenylethanethiol) grafted with minimal platinum atoms. The fabrication involves an electrochemical activation of nanoclusters by partial removal of thiols, without affecting the metallic core, which exposes Au‐sites adsorbed with hydrogen and enables an electroless grafting of platinum. The exposed Au‐sites feature the (111)‐facet of the fcc‐Au25 nanoclusters as assessed through lead underpotential deposition. The electrochemically activated nanoclusters (without Pt loading) show better electrocatalytic reactivity toward hydrogen evolution reaction than the pristine nanoclusters in an acidic medium. The platinum‐grafted nanocluster outperformed with a lower overpotential of 0.117 V vs RHE (RHE = Reversible Hydrogen Electrode) compared to electrochemically activated nanoclusters (0.353 V vs RHE ) at 10 mA cm−2 and is comparable with commercial Pt/C. The electrochemically activated nanoclusters show better reactivity at higher current density owing to the ease of hydrogen release from the active sites. The modified nanoclusters show unique supramolecular self‐assembly characteristics as observed in electron microscopy and tomography due to the possible metallophilic interactions. These results suggest that the post‐surface modification of nanoclusters will be an ideal tool to address the sustainable production of green hydrogen.
Covalent Organic Framework/Graphene Hybrids: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Wang Boya , Shen Liguo , He Yabing , Chen Cheng , Yang Zhi , Fei Lingya , Xu Jiujing , Li Bisheng , Lin Hongjun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo address current energy crises and environmental concerns, it is imperative to develop and design versatile porous materials ideal for water purification and energy storage. The advent of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a revolutionary terrain of porous materials, is underscored by their superlative features such as divinable structure, adjustable aperture, and high specific surface area. However, issues like inferior electric conductivity, inaccessible active sites impede mass transfer and poor processability of bulky COFs restrict their wider application. As a herculean stride forward, COF/graphene hybrids amalgamate the strengths of their constituent components and have in consequence, enticed significant scientific intrigue. Herein, the current progress on the structure and properties of graphene‐based materials and COFs are systematically outlined. Then, synthetic strategies for preparing COF/graphene hybrids, including one‐pot synthesis, ex situ synthesis, and in situ growth, are comprehensively reviewed. Afterward, the pivotal attributes of COF/graphene hybrids are dissected in conjunction with their multifaceted applications spanning adsorption, separation, catalysis, sensing, and energy storage. Finally, this review is concluded by elucidating prevailing challenges and gesturing toward prospective strides within the realm of COF/graphene hybrids research.
Genetic mapping of dynamic control of leaf angle across multiple canopy levels in maize
Authors: Dzievit Matthew J. , Li Xianran , Yu Jianming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOptimizing leaf angle and other canopy architecture traits has helped modern maize (Zea mays L.) become adapted to higher planting densities over the last 60 years. Traditional investigations into genetic control of leaf angle have focused on one leaf or the average of multiple leaves; as a result, our understanding of genetic control across multiple canopy levels is still limited. To address this, genetic mapping across four canopy levels was conducted in the present study to investigate the genetic control of leaf angle across the canopy. We developed two populations of doubled haploid lines derived from three inbreds with distinct leaf angle phenotypes. These populations were genotyped with genotyping‐by‐sequencing and phenotyped for leaf angle at four different canopy levels over multiple years. To understand how leaf angle changes across the canopy, the four measurements were used to derive three additional traits. Composite interval mapping was conducted with the leaf‐specific measurements and the derived traits. A set of 59 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were uncovered for seven traits, and two genomic regions were consistently detected across multiple canopy levels. Additionally, seven genomic regions were found to contain consistent QTLs with either relatively stable or dynamic effects at different canopy levels. Prioritizing the selection of QTLs with dynamic effects across the canopy will aid breeders in selecting maize hybrids with the ideal canopy architecture that continues to maximize yield on a per area basis under increasing planting densities.
Drugs, Alcohol and Medicine in Sweden
Authors: Eleonorasdotter Emma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis background chapter sets the scene for the ethnographic study of Swedish women who use drugs (Part II of this book). It reviews historical and contemporary research on, and cultural representations of, drugs, paying specific attention to class and gender. How drugs first came into use in the Western world is examined under the heading Drug Laws and Drug Culture, and from there how they spread and how different substances and preparations came to be regarded from a legal and moral perspective. Why is alcohol not obviously perceived as a drug, and what roles do class and gender play in the laws and moral positions related to intoxication? Drugs and Women focuses on the legal market for controlled medicines and its connection to women. Why do women use more medicines but fewer illicit drugs than men? This is related to how women’s drug use has been constructed historically, and how the effects of different substances can be related to gender and class. In 1968, the Narcotics Penalty Act came into force in Sweden, and from then onwards, certain drugs became more strictly regulated. The fourth section, Sweden’s Drug Problem from the 1960s Onwards, examines how this happened and explains that illness and social deviation have been two influential perspectives on how drug use is viewed, with roots extending far back in history. This is reflected in the remarkable gap between drug policy and drug research in Sweden since the 1980s, during which period repressive policies have been fiercely debated. The last section, Qualitative Research on People who Use Drugs, looks into studies based on fieldwork and interviews with people who use drugs, especially women. The majority of such studies, and drug research in general, focus on men and on socially marginalised people who use drugs. In this book, I argue that such a focus helps to shape the understanding of drugs and drug use in Sweden. When linked to marginalised people only, moral condemnation of drugs and drug use that builds on that research will be directed towards a specific group of people, rather than particular substances and their use.
Avoiding the Knarkare
Authors: Eleonorasdotter Emma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter delves into the most threatening images associated with people who use drugs. The Swedish concept of a knarkare—a person who uses drugs—symbolises dirt and danger and is very similar to the most negative images of the working class. But the knarkare has its own symbols, such as the hypodermic syringe that once signified purity, the opposite of dirt. Feminine representations of the knarkare are linked to perceptions of the sex trade and the whore. I have examined how the participants relate to these cultural perceptions of knarkare and how they move close to it and keep their distance from it during and after using drugs. The problem with the knarkare is that they are commonly portrayed as engaging in harmful and problematic behaviours. The material shows that, in some contexts, it is enough to talk about drug use for someone to transform from a person who uses drugs into a knarkare, in front of the listener’s eyes.
Regularization in Probabilistic Inductive Logic Programming
Authors: Gentili Elisabetta , Bizzarri Alice , Azzolini Damiano , Zese Riccardo , Riguzzi Fabrizio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProbabilistic Logic Programming combines uncertainty and logic-based languages. Liftable Probabilistic Logic Programs have been recently proposed to perform inference in a lifted way. LIFTCOVER is an algorithm used to perform parameter and structure learning of liftable probabilistic logic programs. In particular, it performs parameter learning via Expectation Maximization and LBFGS. In this paper, we present an updated version of LIFTCOVER, called LIFTCOVER+, in which regularization was added to improve the quality of the solutions and LBFGS was replaced by gradient descent. We tested LIFTCOVER+ on the same 12 datasets on which LIFTCOVER was tested and compared the performances in terms of AUC-ROC, AUC-PR, and execution times. Results show that in most cases Expectation Maximization with regularization improves the quality of the solutions.
The Therapeutic Landscape in Chronic Cough
Authors: Smith Jaclyn A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the development of antitussive therapies and the first new therapy, gefapixant has been licenced in Europe. This review describes current unlicenced treatments for chronic cough and details treatments currently in development for refractory chronic cough and cough in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, as well as compounds previously explored.
Effect of Binder Activation on in-Plane Capillary Flow in Multilayer Stacks of Carbon Fiber Fabrics
Authors: Neunkirchen Stefan , Bender Marcel , Schledjewski Ralf 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBinder/tackifier materials are commonly used in preforming processes to preserve the structural integrity of the preform during processing. In the following resin infusion or injection process, this additional material will influence the resin flow. While the influence on fabric permeability is thoroughly examined in scientific literature, only few studies investigate the capillary behavior. By thermal activation of the binder, the material melts and spreads across the layer’s surface or is imbibed by the rovings.In this study, capillary rise experiments in planar direction with four different carbon fiber fabrics were performed. The tested stacks were activated at different temperature levels and compressed in a vacuum bag, one of them with additional external pressure in an autoclave. In case of no external pressure, the processing and testing conditions showed a larger influence than binder activation temperature, while autoclave-conditioned specimens showed a decreased capillary rise velocity for all levels of activation temperature. Digital microscopy images of the specimens show that molten binder can create a thin film between the layers, which prevents peripheral flow and thus forces the fluid to rise in the (angulated) capillary tubes inside the rovings.
Effects of a medication adherence app among medically underserved adults with chronic illness: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hartch Christa E. , Dietrich Mary S. , Lancaster B. Jeanette , Stolldorf Deonni P. , Mulvaney Shelagh A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor individuals living with a chronic illness who require use of long-term medications, adherence is a vital aspect of successful symptom management and outcomes. This study investigated the effect of a smartphone app on adherence, self-efficacy, knowledge, and medication social support in a medically underserved adult population with various chronic illnesses. Participants were randomized to a group who used the app for one month or a control group provided with a printed medication list. Compared to the control group, participants receiving the intervention had significantly greater medication adherence (Cohen’s d = -0.52, p = .014) and medication self-efficacy (Cohen’s d = 0.43, p = .035). No significant effects were observed related to knowledge or social support. The findings suggest use of the app could positively impact chronic disease management in a medically underserved population in the United States.
Broad, subjective, relative: the surprising folk concept of basic needs
Authors: Pölzler Thomas , Tomabechi Tobu , Hannikainen Ivar R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSome normative theorists appeal to the concept of basic needs. They argue that when it comes to issues such as global justice, intergenerational justice, human rights or sustainable development our first priority should be that everybody is able to meet these needs. But what are basic needs? We attempt to inform discussions about this question by gathering evidence of ordinary English speakers’ intuitions on the concept of basic needs. First, we defend our empirical approach to analyzing this concept and identify a number of its potential features. Then we present three preregistered empirical studies that were conducted to investigate the extent to which ordinary speakers endorse these features. The studies yield convergent evidence for the following three claims: (1) ordinary speakers sometimes apply the concept of basic needs to necessities for a flourishing (not just a minimally decent) life, (2) most ordinary speakers attribute at least some degree of subjectivity to the concept, and (3) most ordinary speakers attribute at least some degree of relativity to the concept. We discuss the implications of these findings for philosophical analyses of basic needs.
Realizing impossibilities
Authors: Mai Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is common in epistemic modal logic to model the epistemic states of agents via box operators in the normal logic S5. However, this approach treats agents as logically omniscient by requiring their knowledge to be closed under classical logical consequence. A promising way of avoiding logical omniscience consists in extending epistemic models with impossible states, that is states, where complex formulas are not evaluated recursively. However, this approach faces the dual problem of logical ignorance by modeling agents as not even minimally logically competent. In this paper I will outline an epistemic logic that combines impossible states with dynamic realization modalities akin to the dynamic announcement operators from public announcement logic (PAL). I will show that this epistemic logic avoids both the problem of logical omniscience and the problem of logical ignorance. Furthermore, I prove that so-called successful updates in my logic can be characterized in the same way as in PAL and that a similar logic due to Johan van Benthem can be simulated in my logic. Finally, I will compare my epistemic logic with a similar one, which has recently been advanced by JC Bjerring and Mattias Skipper.
The prevalence of frailty and its effect on the outcome in cardiac resynchronization therapy patients
Authors: Kuthi Luca Katalin , Schwertner Walter Richard , Veres Boglárka , Merkel Eperke Dóra , Masszi Richard , Behon Anett , Kovács Attila , Osztheimer István , Zima Endre , Molnár Levente , Gellér László , Kosztin Annamária , Merkely Béla 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFrailty is a complex clinical syndrome associated with aging and comorbidities, which correlates with unfavorable outcomes. However, in heart failure patients, frailty is very common, data is scarce about those, who are eligible for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) implantation. We investigated the incidence of frailty and the association of Frailty Index (FI) with the outcome. Thirty baseline clinical parameters were used by the Rockwood cumulative deficit method to determine patients' FI in our single-center cohort. Based on previous studies, patients with FI ≤ 0.210 were considered as non-frail, those with FI 0.10–0.210 were classified in Frail-1, with FI > 0.10 in Frail-2 groups, respectively. Echocardiographic response after 12 months and all-cause mortality were investigated by frailty groups. Among 1004 included patients, 75 (7%) were considered Non-frail, 271 (27%) grouped in Frail-1, and 658 (66%) in Frail-2 with a median FI of 0.36 (0.28–0.43). Patients in Frail-2 group were older, with more comorbidities compared with non-frail patients or those in Group Frail-1. During the median follow-up time of 4.8 years, 29 (39%) patients died in the Non-frail, 140 (52%) in Frail-1, and 471 (72%) in the Frail-2 groups (log-rank p < 0.001). Group Frail-2 showed an unfavorable outcome compared to the non-frail (HR 2.49, 95%CI 1.92–3.22; p < 0.001) and the Frail-1 group (1.83, 95%CI 1.55–2.16; p < 0.001). In our HFrEF patients eligible for CRT implantation, patients were exceedingly vulnerable with a high prevalence of frailty. The calculated frailty index was associated with outcome and proved to be prevalent in individual risk stratification.