bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global mortality and readmission rates following COPD exacerbation-related hospitalisation: a meta-analysis of 65 945 individual patients
Authors: Waeijen-Smit Kiki , Crutsen Mieke , Keene Spencer , Miravitlles Marc , Crisafulli Ernesto , Torres Antoni , Mueller Christian , Schuetz Philipp , Ringbæk Thomas J. , Fabbian Fabio , Mekov Evgeni , Harries Timothy H. , Lun Chung-tat , Ergan Begum , Esteban Cristóbal , Quintana Lopez Jose M. , López-Campos José Luis , Chang Catherina L. , Hancox Robert J. , Shafuddin Eskandarain , Ellis Hollie , Janson Christer , Suppli Ulrik Charlotte , Gudmundsson Gunnar , Epstein Danny , Dominguez José , Lacoma Alicia , Osadnik Christian , Alia Inmaculada , Spannella Francesco , Karakurt Zuhal , Mehravaran Hossein , Utens Cecile , de Kruif Martijn D. , Ko Fanny Wai San , Trethewey Samuel P. , Turner Alice M. , Bumbacea Dragos , Murphy Patrick B. , Vermeersch Kristina , Zilberman-Itskovich Shani , Steer John , Echevarria Carlos , Bourke Stephen C. , Lane Nicholas , de Batlle Jordi , Sprooten Roy T.M. , Russell Richard , Faverio Paola , Cross Jane L. , Prins Hendrik J. , Spruit Martijn A. , Simons Sami O. , Houben-Wilke Sarah , Franssen Frits M.E. 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundExacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) have a major impact on patients and healthcare systems across the world. Precise estimates of the global burden of ECOPD on mortality and hospital readmission are needed to inform policy makers and aid preventive strategies to mitigate this burden. The aims of the present study were to explore global in-hospital mortality, post-discharge mortality and hospital readmission rates after ECOPD-related hospitalisation using an individual patient data meta-analysis (IPDMA) design.MethodsA systematic review was performed identifying studies that reported in-hospital mortality, post-discharge mortality and hospital readmission rates following ECOPD-related hospitalisation. Data analyses were conducted using a one-stage random-effects meta-analysis model. This study was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA-IPD statement.ResultsData of 65 945 individual patients with COPD were analysed. The pooled in-hospital mortality rate was 6.2%, pooled 30-, 90- and 365-day post-discharge mortality rates were 2.0%, 6.4% and 12.2%, respectively, and pooled 30-, 90- and 365-day hospital readmission rates were 11.8%, 26.5% and 38.2%, respectively, with noticeable variability between studies and countries. Strongest predictors of mortality and hospital readmission included noninvasive mechanical ventilation and a history of two or more ECOPD-related hospitalisations <12 months prior to the index event.ConclusionsThis IPDMA stresses the poor outcomes and high heterogeneity of ECOPD-related hospitalisation across the world. Whilst global standardisation of the management and follow-up of ECOPD-related hospitalisation should be at the heart of future implementation research, policy makers should focus on reimbursing evidence-based therapies that decrease (recurrent) ECOPD.
Assessment of hyperinflation: comparison of Global Lung Function Initiative and European Community for Steel and Coal lung volume reference equations
Authors: Roodenburg Sharyn A. , van Dijk Marlies , Augustijn Sonja W.S. , Klooster Karin , Slebos Dirk-Jan , Hartman Jorine E. 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundAssessment of static hyperinflation severity is crucial to identify COPD patients eligible for lung volume reduction. The current recommendation of residual volume ≥175% predicted may need to be reconsidered owing to potential differences between the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) and the European Community for Steel and Coal (ECSC) reference equations for residual volume and concerns about using percentage of predicted.MethodsWe compared the residual volume reference values derived from the GLI and ECSC equations using mathematically simulated data and used a receiver operating characteristic curve to establish a new GLI-derived z-score cut-off for residual volume using body plethysmography data from patients with severe COPD.ResultsThe GLI reference equation for residual volume consistently yields a lower predicted residual volume for individuals with an average or below-average height (females ≤163 cm and males ≤177 cm). Our clinical cohort consisted of 1011 patients with COPD (graded using the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria as 38% GOLD 3 and 59% GOLD 4). In this cohort, a GLI-derived residual volume z-score of ≥2.9 could accurately replace the ECSC-derived 175% predicted cut-off and a z-score of ≥3.5 was established for the 200% predicted cut-off.ConclusionThere are substantial differences in predicted residual volume values between the GLI and ECSC equations, with the GLI generally yielding a lower predicted residual volume in the majority of individuals. A GLI-derived residual volume z-score of ≥2.9 could be used to replace the currently used cut-off of ≥175% predicted to identify potential lung volume reduction candidates.
Association between upper and lower respiratory disease among patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia: an international study
Authors: Lam Yin Ting , Papon Jean-François , Alexandru Mihaela , Anagiotos Andreas , Armengot Miguel , Boon Mieke , Burgess Andrea , Calmes Doriane , Crowley Suzanne , Dheyauldeen Sinan Ahmed D. , Emiralioglu Nagehan , Erdem Eralp Ela , van Gogh Christine , Gokdemir Yasemin , Haarman Eric G. , Harris Amanda , Hayn Isolde , Ismail-Koch Hasnaa , Karadag Bülent , Kempeneers Céline , Kieninger Elisabeth , Kim Sookyung , Lorent Natalie , Ozcelik Ugur , Pioch Charlotte , Raidt Johanna , Reula Ana , Roehmel Jobst , Sperstad Kennelly Synne , Yiallouros Panayiotis ,   on behalf of the EPIC-PCD team, Goutaki Myrofora 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionNearly all patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) report ear–nose–throat (ENT) symptoms. However, scarce evidence exists about how ENT symptoms relate to pulmonary disease in PCD. We explored possible associations between upper and lower respiratory disease among patients with PCD in a multicentre study.MethodsWe included patients from the ENT Prospective International Cohort (EPIC-PCD). We studied associations of several reported ENT symptoms and chronic rhinosinusitis (defined using patient-reported information and examination findings) with reported sputum production and shortness of breath, using ordinal logistic regression. In a subgroup with available lung function results, we used linear regression to study associations of chronic rhinosinusitis and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) accounting for relevant factors.ResultsWe included 457 patients (median age 15 years, interquartile range 10–24 years; 54% males). Shortness of breath associated with reported nasal symptoms and ear pain of any frequency, often or daily hearing problems, headache when bending down (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.29–3.54) and chronic rhinosinusitis (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.57–3.38) regardless of polyp presence. Sputum production associated with daily reported nasal (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.20–4.09) and hearing (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.10–3.64) problems and chronic rhinosinusitis (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.48–3.07). We did not find any association between chronic rhinosinusitis and FEV1.ConclusionReported upper airway symptoms and signs of chronic rhinosinusitis associated with reported pulmonary symptoms, but not with lung function. Our results emphasise the assessment and management of upper and lower respiratory disease as a common, interdependent entity among patients with PCD.
Effects of square dance exercise on cognitive function in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment: the mediating role of balance ability and executive function
Authors: Wang Heng , Pei Zhengguo , Liu Yangyang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Square dancing is a kind of aerobic fitness exercise without environmental restrictions that yields many benefits for physical and mental health; this exercise is popular among middle-aged and elderly people in China and in these populations in other countries. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of square dance exercise on the overall cognitive function of elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to research its mechanisms.

Methods
A total of 60 elderly people with MCI (60–69 years old) without square dance experience were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30). The experimental group participated in square dance exercise for 12 weeks, while the control group maintained their original lifestyle habits. One week before and after the intervention period, the overall cognitive function, physical fitness, and executive function of both groups were measured.

Results
According to the results, square dance exercise directly improved the overall cognitive function of elderly individuals with MCI and indirectly affected overall cognitive function through the mediating effects of balance ability and executive function.

Conclusions
Square dance exercise represents a nonpharmacological intervention for the prevention and treatment of MCI. Importantly, it is best to combine this exercise with other forms of physical exercise and comprehensive treatment programs such as cognitive training, social interaction, and psychological intervention to realize its maximum effect.
Prevalence of Rifampicin resistance tuberculosis among presumptive tuberculosis patients in Egypt-2021: a national health facility-based survey
Authors: Amin Wagdy , Gadallah Mohsen , Salah Amal , Rady Mervat 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The magnitude of MDR-TB cases was noticeable in Egypt. However, the last national survey was 11-years ago. The current survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of rifampicin resistance among sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Egypt.

Methods
A national health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 randomly selected governorates in Egypt between August 2020 and September 2021. All presumptive TB cases, either new or previously treated according to WHO definitions, with no gender, age, or nationality limitations, and provided informed consent were included in the study. Each patient completed a case report form (CRF). The CRF included socio-demographic and clinical data. Sputum samples were collected according to standard techniques and cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) medium. Gene X-pert test was carried out first on the samples for simultaneous identification of MTB and rifampicin resistance. The prevalence of RR was calculated using crude, cluster, and weighted methods. Factors associated with RR were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate techniques.

Results
Among the total 849 presumptive TB patients enrolled in the study, 710 (83.6%) patients were subjected to Gene X-pert testing (MTB/RIF). The crude prevalence of RR was 3.32% (95% CI: 1.89–4.76%) among the new cases and 9.46% (95% CI: 2.63–16.29%) among the retreated cases with an overall estimate of 3.99%; (95% CI: 2.51–5.47%). By cluster analysis the overall prevalence of RR was 5.01% (95% CI: 2.90–7.13). Factors associated with the prevalence of RR were co-morbidity with bronchial asthma, drug abuse and history of contact with a family member with TB.

Conclusion
The prevalence of RR among either new or retreated cases TB patients was lower than the previous Egyptian rates in 2010–2012. The strongest predictor associated with RR was comorbidity with bronchial asthma.
Geographic differences in pharmacotherapy patterns and outcomes of acute ischemic stroke in China
Authors: Li Ying , Ou Qianhua , Lu Yuxuan , Shen Zhiyuan , Li Jieyu , Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Tai Liwen , Li Guozhong , Chen Huisheng , Zhang Guiru , Zhang Lei , Sun Xuwen , Qiu Jinhua , Wei Yan , Zhu Sainan , Wang Zhaoxia , Sun Weiping , Huang Yining 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Vast economic and healthcare status discrepancies exist among regions in China, contributing to different treatment patterns. This study was aimed to investigate the current status of pharmacotherapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and outcomes in China and explore the geographic variation in stroke care.

Methods
This study was a multicenter prospective registry study, which collected the data of patients with AIS from 80 hospitals in 46 cities in 2015–2017 across China. Poor functional outcome defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 3–6 was assessed at 3 and 12 months. Multivariate logistic regression was used.

Results
Among 9973 eligible patients, the number of receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, statin and human urinary kallidinogenase was 429 (4.3%), 9363 (93.9%), 1063 (10.7%), 6828 (74.7%) and 5112 (51.2%), respectively. Multivariable analysis showed IVT use in northeastern was significantly more frequent than in eastern region (OR = 3.17, 95% CI, 2.53–3.99), while the antiplatelets agents use were less frequent (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.38–0.57). The proportions of poor outcomes at 3 and 12 months were 20.7% and 15.8%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed AIS patients from northeastern and central region had significantly lower risk of poor outcome at month 3 and 12 than those from eastern region (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions
There was a low IVT use and a high antiplatelet agent and statin use for AIS in China. The pharmacotherapy and prognosis of AIS had variation by geographic region.

Trial registration
This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02470624).
SIRT7 promotes the proliferation and migration of anaplastic thyroid cancer cells by regulating the desuccinylation of KIF23
Authors: Wu Yongkang , Chen Weijie , Miao Huilai , Xu Tuo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study was designed to investigate the regulatory effects of kinesin family member (KIF) 23 on anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cell viability and migration and the underlying mechanism.

Methods
Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to analyze the levels of KIF23 in ATC cells. Besides, the effects of KIF23 and sirtuin (SIRT) 7 on the viability and migration of ATC cells were detected using cell counting kit-8, transwell and wound healing assays. The interaction between SIRT7 and KIF23 was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay. The succinylation (succ) of KIF23 was analyzed by western blot.

Results
The KIF23 expression was upregulated in ATC cells. Silencing of KIF23 suppressed the viability and migration of 8505C and BCPAP cells. The KIF23-succ level was decreased in ATC cells. SIRT7 interacted with KIF23 to inhibit the succinylation of KIF23 at K537 site in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells. Overexpression of SIRT7 enhanced the protein stability of KIF23 in HEK-293T cells. Besides, overexpression of KIF23 promoted the viability and migration of 8505C and BCPAP cells, which was partly blocked by silenced SIRT7.

Conclusions
SIRT7 promoted the proliferation and migration of ATC cells by regulating the desuccinylation of KIF23.
Household factors and prevalence of squalor: meta-analysis and meta-regression
Authors: Norton Mike , Kellett Stephen , Huddy Vyv , Simmonds-Buckley Melanie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Severe domestic squalor occurs when a person lives in a dwelling that is significantly unclean, disorganised and unhygienic. The limited previous research has primarily focused on the characteristics of those who live in squalor and the associated risk factors. Robust and reliable studies of squalor prevalence have not been conducted. This study sought to produce a reliable estimate of the point prevalence of squalor.

Methods
Using data from 13-years of the English Housing Survey, N = 85,681 households were included in a prevalence meta-analysis. Squalor prevalence over time, subgroup analysis and logistic regression investigated the role played by household and community characteristics.

Results
The point prevalence of squalor was estimated to be 0.85% and squalor was seen to decrease significantly over time. More significant community deprivation, a rented dwelling, lower income and high numbers of people in the home was associated with a greater risk of squalor.

Conclusions
Squalor prevalence was higher than previous estimates and supports community care services in associated service planning. The results regarding household characteristics help to inform which households and individuals may be at a higher risk of living in squalid conditions.
The effectiveness and pharmacoeconomic study of using different corticosteroids in the treatment of hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: Elhennawy Marwa G. , Akl Yosri , Abbassi Maggie , Sabry Nirmeen A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are caused by inflammation and/or fibrosis of alveolar walls resulting in impaired gas exchange. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is the third most common type of ILDs. Corticosteroids are the mainstay treatment for HP. The use of intramuscular (IM) betamethasone or intravenous (IV) dexamethasone as weekly pulse doses has shown higher benefit than daily oral prednisolone for HP patients. The aim of this study is to directly compare different corticosteroids in terms of effectiveness and in monetary values and perform an economic evaluation.

Methods
One hundred and seven patients were tested for pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and inflammatory markers to assess the treatment effectiveness. A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) was performed. ICERs between 3 treatment groups were calculated.

Results
Post treatment, Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) levels significantly improved in betamethasone group from 723.22 ± 218.18 U/ml to 554.48 ± 129.69 U/ml (p = 0.001). A significant improvement in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) occurred in the dexamethasone group from 56.12 ± 27.97 mm to 30.06 ± 16.04 mm (p = 0.048). A significant improvement in forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and six-minute walk distance (6MWD) was observed within the three treatment groups. A significant improvement in oxygen desaturation percentage (SpO2) occurred within dexamethasone and betamethasone groups. Betamethasone and dexamethasone were found more cost-effective than prednisolone as their ICERs fell in quadrant C. Furthermore, ICER between betamethasone and dexamethasone was performed; a small difference in cost was found compared to the higher benefit of betamethasone.

Conclusion
Betamethasone and dexamethasone were found to be more effective than prednisolone in improving the inflammatory reaction and the clinical features of HP patients. Betamethasone was found to be the best intervention in terms of cost against the effect.
Association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with periodontitis: the mediating role of sex hormones
Authors: Wu Yuxuan , Qiu Yu , Wu Yuying , Li Husheng , Yang Han , Deng Qingrong , He Baochang , Yan Fuhua , Li Yanfen , Chen Fa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the association between serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and periodontitis, and further explore the possible mediating role of sex hormones in this association.

Methods
We extracted data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2014. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to investigate the association between serum levels of seven PFASs and periodontitis. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was conducted to assess the joint effect of PFASs in mixtures. Mediation analyses were used to explore the potential mediating role of sex hormones.

Results
Participants with periodontitis had higher concentrations of serum perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) than those without periodontitis (both P < 0.05). In fully adjusted models, high serum concentrations of PFOS and PFNA were positively associated with periodontitis (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.19 for PFOS, 95% CI: 1.01–1.39; PR = 1.17 for PFNA, 95% CI: 1.02–1.34). The results from the BKMR models consistently showed a positive association between PFAS mixtures and periodontitis. Of note, testosterone and the ratio of testosterone to estradiol significantly mediated the relationship between high level of PFOS and periodontitis, accounting for 16.5% and 31.7% of the total effect, respectively. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results when using periodontal clinical indices (mean loss of attachment, mean periodontal probing depth, and the number of teeth) as dependent variables.

Conclusions
These findings provide evidence to support a positive association between certain PFASs and periodontitis, which might be partially mediated by sex hormones.
Evaluation of the amount of residual monomer released from different flowable composite resins
Authors: Odabasi Didem , Guler Cigdem , Kucukaslan Didem 
Published: February 2024

AbstractToday, resin materials are used in the restoration of permanent and deciduous teeth or as fissure sealants. The materials can contain different types of monomers (Bis-GMA, UDMA, TEGDMA). These monomers can be released into the oral cavity after polymerization. Residual monomers released from resin-containing restorative materials after polymerization have been reported to have negative effects on mechanical properties. The aim of our study is to evaluate the amount of residual monomers released after polymerization of different flowable composite resin materials using two different modes of LED light source. Composite disc samples (8 mm diameter/2 mm depth) prepared for each material group were polymerized using two different modes of the LED light device (Standard mode and extra power mode). HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) device was used to measure the amount of residual monomer release at 1 h, 1 day, 3 days and 7 days periods. Pairwise comparison of the differences between the materials was performed by Post-hoc test. For each residual monomer, the Kruskal Wallis test was used to analyze the difference between the materials in standard mode and the difference between the materials in extra power mode. According to the results of the study; Grandio flow flowable composite showed the highest release of TEGDMA and Bis-GMA while SDR® Flow flowable composite showed the lowest release of TEGDMA, Bis-GMA and UDMA. For all materials, the extra power mode resulted in more residual monomer release. TEGDMA and Bis-GMA release was detected in all tested flowable composites at all time periods.