bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FoxO1 mediates odontoblast differentiation of hDPSCs via B cell‐derived ANGPTL1 in dental caries: A laboratory investigation
Authors: Zhan Peimeng , Huang Zhu , Xie Zhuo , Zhang Xinfang , Shen Zongshan , Chen Lingling , Huang Shuheng , Huang Qiting , Lin Zhengmei , Wang Runfu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimClinical and in vitro evidence indicates that chronic inflammatory responses initiated by dental caries can persist in the dental pulp even after treatment, necessitating the formation of reparative dentin to restore tissue homeostasis and health. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) serve as crucial precursors in this reparative process. This study explores the role of B cells and their secreted factor, Angiopoietin Like 1 (ANGPTL1), in promoting hDPSCs differentiation into odontoblasts under carious conditions, with a particular focus on the activation of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1).MethodologySingle‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐Seq) data from the GEO database were analysed to explore cellular interactions and molecular mechanisms in dental pulp. Immunofluorescence staining was used to investigate the expression patterns of B cells or hDPSCs in dental pulp and hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) scaffolds. The expression levels of ANGPTL1 were quantified using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Odontoblast differentiation capacity was assessed by alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red S staining, and western blotting analysis. hDPSCs were overexpressed or knocked down FoxO1 with lentiviruses. The regulatory interaction between FoxO1 and the DSPP promoter was evaluated through dual‐luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student's t‐test or one‐way analysis of variance (anova) with a p‐value of <.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsscRNA‐Seq data indicated a significant increase in B cells and ANGPTL1 expression in carious dental pulp. Functional analyses confirmed that ANGPTL1 secreted by B cells activated FoxO1 expression in hDPSCs, enhancing their differentiation into odontoblast‐like cells. Blocking ANGPTL1 signalling with a specific antibody reduced FoxO1 expression, indicating a regulatory link between ANGPTL1 and FoxO1. Overexpression of FoxO1 in hDPSCs promoted their differentiation into odontoblasts and facilitated mineralized matrix formation. Mechanistic studies revealed that FoxO1 directly binds to the DSPP promoter, thereby inducing its expression.ConclusionsOur study reveals a novel mechanism in which ANGPTL1 secreted by B cells in a carious environment promotes the odontoblast differentiation of hDPSCs by upregulating FoxO1. This finding highlights a potential therapeutic target for enhancing dental pulp repair and regeneration.
Enhanced properties of (TaNbTiV)C high‐entropy carbide ceramics through controlled structure and morphology of high‐entropy carbide powders
Authors: Li Haitao , Chen Ruoyu , Liu Feng , Li Chengxin , Yang Xiaoyan , Li Saisai , Jia Wenbao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSubmicron high‐entropy carbide (HEC) (TaNbTiV)C powders with various morphologies and properties were prepared using the molten salt method by adjusting structures and graphitization of carbon sources. Subsequently, the HEC ceramics were sintered at 1900°C using spark plasma sintering. Compared to traditional carbon sources (carbon black and flake graphite), powders synthesized using graphitic carbon microspheres with a spherical shape exhibited a smaller particle size of 0.45 µm, a larger specific surface area of 14.46 m2/g, and a larger lattice constant of 0.4451 nm. Moreover, the HEC powders prepared using graphitic carbon microspheres enhanced the sintering of the HEC matrix, leading to improved mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of the HEC ceramics compared to those prepared using other carbon sources. Unlike the precursor method used to adjust the HEC powder structure, the molten salt method is a low‐cost and straightforward approach to regulating the HEC powder structure by controlling the structure of raw material.
Microwave rapid synthesis of LiNi0.85Mn0.10Co0.05O2 positive electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Koshika Yuki , Kaneda Haruki , Furuichi Yuki 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNi‐rich (Ni ≥80 atom%) layered oxides are promising candidates of positive electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries because of high specific capacity, and reducing energy consumption during synthesis is important for mass production to reduce environmental impact. Microwave heating of Ni‐rich layered oxide is anticipated to enable much faster and more effective synthesis than conventional method; however, only a few studies have been reported. In this study, LiNi0.85Mn0.10Co0.05O2 (NMC85) positive electrode materials were prepared by preheating the mixture of Ni0.85Mn0.10Co0.05(OH)2 precursor and LiOH, followed by microwave heating at a rate of 28.3°C min−1 and holding at 850°C for 1 h. The specific discharge capacity in half‐cell of NMC85 synthesized by microwave heating was 190.0 mAh g−1. Although the capacity was still inferior to that of NMC85 synthesized by conventional heating method, which was one of the highest values among Ni‐rich layered oxide by microwave synthesis, owing to high crystallinity. Furthermore, much improvement of the electrochemical properties is expected by increasing uniformity during the microwave heating, because inhomogeneous crystal growth and cation mixing were observed. This study indicates the possibility to apply microwave heating for the synthesis of Ni‐rich layered oxide and improve the energy efficiency considerably.
Influence of Trainees' Transfer Beliefs, Intentions, and Commitment on Transfer Readiness: Variable and Person‐Oriented Analyses
Authors: González‐Ortiz de Zárate Aitana , Roig‐Ester Helena , Robalino Guerra Paulina E. , Garone Anja , Quesada‐Pallarès Carla 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTransfer beliefs are understudied in the training transfer field, whereas structural equation modelling (SEM) has been a widely used technique to study transfer models. New methodologies are needed to study training transfer and network analysis (NA) has emerged as a new approach that provides a visual representation of a given network. We explored the relation of transfer beliefs, intentions, commitment, and implementation intentions, and transfer using variable (SEM) and person‐oriented approaches (NA) according to groups of trainees based on their transfer readiness. The longitudinal design measured T1 before the training and T2 after the training (268 participants). T1 measured trainees' beliefs about transfer, commitment to transfer, and intention to transfer; T2 measured self‐reported transfer and implementation intention actions. The results of the NA confirmed the structure of the exploratory factor analysis. The NA model offered the visual representation of the network complimentary to the results obtained via SEM. Differentiating NA and SEM multigroup by cluster showed differences in models and architectures between clusters. We discussed the relations between beliefs and transfer, and also the implications of the combined use of the SEM and NA as novel approaches to study transfer.
The impact of Ta2O5 in multinucleating agents on chemically strengthened MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 transparent glass‐ceramics
Authors: Xu Guoliang , Li Mengyong , Wang Fu , Liao Qilong , Gu Yuxin , Liu Laibao , Dong Junwei , Chen Jiajia , Li Guanghua , Li Lisheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMgO–Al2O3–SiO2 (MAS) glass‐ceramics are significant due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, most of these glass‐ceramics are opaque and lack chemically strengthened capabilities. In this study, chemically strengthened transparent MAS glass‐ceramics were successfully synthesized by employing SnO2 + ZrO2 + Ta2O5 as a multinucleating agent. Systematic investigation was conducted using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM), Scattered Light Photoelastic Stress Meter (SLP), and Vickers hardness measurements. The results show that Ta2O5 exhibits a good nucleation effect. With the increase of Ta2O5 content from 0 mol% to 0.5 mol%, the exothermic peak temperature of the precipitated crystals decreased from 976.3°C to 937.6°C. The primary crystalline phases precipitated in the MAS system were MgAl₂O₄ (PDF#21‐1152) and ZnAl₂O₄ (PDF#05‐0669), with secondary phases including SnO2 (PDF#46‐1088), ZrO2 (PDF#50‐1089), and Ta2O5 (PDF#21‐1198). TEM‐tested interplanar spacing data and electron diffraction ring data further confirmed the presence of these crystalline phases. At 0.5 mol% Ta2O5 content, after crystallization at 920°C, the average grain size was approximately 40.34 nm, with 86.57% transmittance at 550 nm. The Vickers hardness of the parent glass increased from 6.68 GPa to 7.17 GPa after heat treatment at 920°C. Following 5 h of ion exchange, Vickers hardness increased to 7.97 GPa, with surface compressive stress (CS) of 150.29 MPa and depth of layer (DOLzero) of 80.96 µm. After 24 h of ion exchange, Vickers hardness reached 8.16 GPa, with CS of 239.86 MPa and DOLzero of 93.28 µm. The conclusions provide new insights for further study of the MAS system and broaden its application field such as in cover materials.
Institutionalized Policy Evaluation within the Democratic System: Why? When? How?
Authors: Fumagalli Corrado 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPhilosophers have expressed concerns about elite capture at various stages of the democratic decision‐making process. However, there has been no sustained normative analysis of government‐driven feedback platforms that enable different actors to formulate recommendations for revising or canceling existing laws and policies. My article addresses and fills this gap. I contend that government‐driven feedback platforms serve a dual purpose of influencing the policy‐making process and demonstrating that decisions are open to revision. I also argue that these feedback platforms are intended to generate a normatively salient, forward‐looking, and balanced integration of technical knowledge and local knowledge, establishing the epistemic foundation for future deliberation. I then provide three normative standards that serve as a guide to balance expert knowledge with citizens' experience and values.
A Systematic Review of the Recent Research on the Usefulness of Chatbots for Language Education
Authors: Şahin Kızıl Aysel , Klimova Blanka , Pikhart Marcel , Parmaxi Antigoni 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe rise of intelligent chatbots powered by artificial intelligence and machine learning has ignited interest in their potential for revolutionising second language (L2) acquisition and foreign language learning (FLL). While their potential seems vast, understanding their actual impact on learning outcomes requires comprehensive analysis. Also required is the continuous evaluation of this technology due to the rapid pace of advancements in chatbots, highlighting the need for a fresh look using the latest research. This systematic review aims to address this need by investigating the effectiveness of modern chatbots in L2 learning and FLL, offering valuable insights for language educators and researchers.ObjectivesThis study systematically reviews existing research to assess the usefulness of chatbots in L2 acquisition and FLL, identifying key areas of improvement and future research directions.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA methodology, 33 relevant studies published between 2020 and May 2024 were analysed. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes related to chatbot applications, language skills impacted, and learning outcomes achieved.ResultsThe findings clearly reveal specific language skills (i.e., speaking) and language knowledge (i.e., vocabulary) that have a significant impact on enhancing students' learning outcomes by using chatbots, while pointing out insufficient research in this area. The results also show major benefits of chatbots for FLL, such as individualised learning, immediate feedback, enhancing willingness to communicate, and increased interaction.ConclusionsThis systematic review highlights specific practical implications and suggestions that have a direct impact on the usefulness of chatbots in FLL and L2 acquisition, and a need to investigate further variables such as age, language skills, personality traits, or teacher's role with respect to the use of chatbots in foreign language classes. Further implications are also raised in terms of learning design considerations when such a technology is incorporated in the FLL classroom.
Beyond the Pipeline (Problem): Examining Racial and Ethnic Representation in 21st Century High Technology Self‐employment
Authors: Atkins Rachel Marie Brooks , Burrage April 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIs the racial variation in the tech labor force and tech entrepreneurship associated with differences in STEM degree attainment? Using data from the American Community Survey, we examine whether racial disparities in tech employment and entrepreneurship reflect differences in STEM degree attainment within the labor force, a challenge known as the tech pipeline problem. We document that White workers are overrepresented in tech entrepreneurship, while Black, Hispanic, and Asian workers are underrepresented in tech entrepreneurship. Notably, Black workers are the only group underrepresented in tech employment relative to their share of the STEM‐‐educated labor force. Our findings suggest that gaps in STEM degree attainment account for only a small portion of the racial disparity in the tech labor force. We also find important differences in the relationship between STEM degree attainment, tech employment, and tech entrepreneurship by race. We conclude the paper with a proposed research agenda for further study.
Adverse Effects of Ultrasonic Instrumentation and Air Polishing on Dental Restorations: A Systematic Review of Laboratory Studies
Authors: Esati Jeronim , Amran Tarek , Weiger Roland , Alsulaimani Lujain , Blatz Markus B. , Eggmann Florin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of ultrasonic instrumentation and air polishing on surface roughness and marginal integrity of dental restorations, addressing their potential adverse impacts on various biomaterials.Materials and MethodsA search of five databases, supplemented by manual searches, identified relevant laboratory studies. Forty‐two studies met the inclusion criteria, with data on surface roughness and marginal quality extracted for analysis. The RoBDEMAT tool was used to assess risk of bias.ResultsUltrasonic instrumentation significantly increased roughness, particularly in resin‐modified glass ionomer cements and resin‐based composites, whereas zirconia and lithium disilicate were less affected. Air polishing, especially with sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate powders, also increased roughness. Erythritol and glycine powders were the least abrasive. Both ultrasonic scaling and air polishing negatively impacted marginal quality. The RoBDEMAT assessments revealed shortcomings in randomization, sample size justification, and blinding.ConclusionsUltrasonic instrumentation and air polishing can adversely affect dental restorations, with the degree of impact varying by biomaterial and debridement method. Low‐abrasive powders, such as erythritol and glycine, are recommended. Methodological refinements and clinical studies are needed to enhance the applicability of these findings to patient care.Clinical SignificanceThis review highlights the critical need to choose appropriate debridement methods to minimize iatrogenic damage to dental restorations. Low‐abrasive air polishing powders, such as erythritol and glycine, are recommended for the removal of soft deposits and stains to preserve surface smoothness and marginal integrity.
Associations of Accelerometer‐Measured Physical Activity With Dementia, Anxiety, and Depression Among Older Adults
Authors: Stulberg Eric L. , Chou Lin‐Na , Gore Shweta , Conroy Molly B. , Majersik Jennifer J. , Hunzinger Katherine J. , LaPoint Alexander , Kaur Sandhu Mandeep , Schneider Andrea L. C. , Kumar Amit 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHigher physical activity (PA) is associated with better neuropsychiatric health, but prior studies have been limited by cross‐sectional designs, self‐reported PA measures, and small numbers of older individuals. We examined associations between baseline and changes in accelerometer‐measured moderate‐vigorous PA (MVPA) with neuropsychiatric health among individuals aged ≥ 70 years in the National Health and Aging Trends Study.MethodsWe used the average daily minutes of accelerometer‐measured MVPA above a validated threshold of 2184 counts per minute as a continuous measure at baseline for the exposure variable. For longitudinal analyses, we categorized change in MVPA as follows: an increase of > 20 min/day over 1 year, a decrease of > 20 min/day over 1 year, and staying within 20 min/day over 1 year. Our outcomes were possible/probable dementia and anxiety or depression. Associations were estimated using confounder‐adjusted logistic regressions.ResultsIn our survey‐weighted analytic sample of 639 individuals aged ≥ 70 years, 56% were ≥ 75 years, and 53% were female. After adjusting for confounders, a 20‐min/day higher baseline MVPA was significantly associated with lower odds of possible/probable dementia 1 year later (odds ratio [OR] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.83–0.96) but not with depression and anxiety symptoms. Compared to no change in PA over 1 year, an increase in MVPA by > 20 min/day was associated with decreased odds of depression and anxiety symptoms (OR = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.03–0.14) but not with possible/probable dementia. Compared to no change in MVPA over 1 year, a decrease in MVPA by > 20 min/day was associated with higher odds of possible/probable dementia (OR = 3.82, 95% CI = 1.34–10.87) but not with depression and anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsHigher and increasing MVPA over time is associated with better neuropsychiatric health in individuals aged ≥ 70 years. Future studies should prioritize evaluating detailed PA trajectories to better understand how different doses, intensities, and modalities of PA impact neuropsychiatric decline in older adults.
Postpartum period according to Roy adaptation model: Assessment of fatigue, self‐esteem, functional status, and dyadic adjustment
Authors: Ataş Ayşe Nur , Özçalik Habibe Bay , Özerdoğan Nebahat 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe study was conducted to examine the relationship between fatigue, self‐esteem, functional status, and dyadic adjustment in the postpartum period and the factors affecting them.MethodsThe study was designed in cross‐sectional type. It was carried out in the postpartum follow‐up clinic of a hospital in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey between November 2021 and July 2022. Responses from a total of 328 mothers in the first 6 months postpartum were analyzed. Data were collected using a “Descriptive Information Form,” the “Chalder Fatigue Scale,” the “Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale,” the “Inventory of Functional Status after Childbirth,” and the “Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale.”ResultsThe mean scores of the mothers participating in the study on the total Chalder fatigue scale, Rosenberg self‐esteem scale, Inventory of functional status after childbirth, and Revised dyadic adjustment scale were 13.65 ± 6.13, 1.33 ± 1.33, 10.57 ± 2.02, and 51.51 ± 9.49, respectively. It was determined that fatigue had a positive effect and dyadic adjustment had a negative effect on the postpartum self‐esteem levels of the mothers. The progress of the postpartum period affects the functional status of mothers positively and significantly.ConclusionsAccording to the results of the research, the decrease in fatigue and the increase in dyadic adjustment in women positively affect the increase in self‐esteem.
Awareness and attitude toward cardio‐oncology among Japanese gynecologic oncologists in managing patients with endometrial cancer: The Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (JGOG) questionnaire surveys
Authors: Kobayashi Yoichi , Asai‐Sato Mikiko , Kuji Shiho , Sakai Hitomi , Yamaguchi Ken , Suzuki Nao , Yoshida Yoshio 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimThis study aimed to assess the awareness of the concept of “cardio‐oncology” and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with endometrial cancer (EC) among the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group members.MethodsAn online anonymous survey, which consisted of questions about respondent attributes and cardio‐oncology, was conducted twice, in 2022 and 2024. During these surveys, guidelines for the treatment of uterine body neoplasm were published in July 2023.ResultsIn 2022, significantly numerous physicians were unaware of cardio‐oncology or the increased risk of developing CVD in patients with EC, and 25.3% of them answered that they had no idea about cardio‐oncology at all. However, in 2024, the percentage significantly dropped to 8.7%. The number of physicians who were aware that CVD is more common as the cause of death in patients with low‐grade EC than the cancer itself was significantly higher in 2024 than in 2022. Similarly, the number of physicians who were aware that the usage of platinum agents could become a risk factor for CVD was significantly higher in 2024. Furthermore, this study reported challenges in the collaboration between oncologists and primary care physicians in the region and in the provision of guidance for preventing metabolic syndrome.ConclusionJapanese Gynecologic Oncology Group members' awareness of cardio‐oncology was inadequate, but it seemed to be improving, especially after publishing the guideline for the treatment of uterine body neoplasm. Thus, raising awareness of cardio‐oncology and managing CVD risk in patients with EC are necessary to improve long‐term survival after cancer diagnosis.
Factors influencing seafood sales in US retail markets
Authors: Sun Lianqun , Kumar Ganesh , Engle Carole 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUS seafood retail markets are highly competitive and have evolved rapidly to supply an increased diversity of seafood products. Retail scanner data collected from grocery outlets using Universal Product Codes (UPC) reveals realistic market trends and provides deeper understanding of consumer trends. Using weekly store‐based scanner data (NielsenIQ ScanTrack data) from September 2016 to August 2021, this study analyzed the product characteristics that influence seafood consumption in retail markets for general seafood as well as specific seafood categories such as finfish, crustacea, and mollusks. Explanatory variables included: price of seafood, whether the product was farm‐raised, promotional share, product form (frozen or refrigerated seafood, entrée, or others), value‐addition, labeling characteristics, seasons, regions, and the effect of the pandemic period. Price had a significantly inverse relationship with the quantity of general and specific seafood products sold. Being farm‐raised had a positive impact on the quantity of seafood products sold in retail markets. Promotional practices also had positive effects on retail seafood sales, however with diminishing marginal returns. Among seasons, the spring season had significantly higher sales in the retail market for general seafood and finfish, but significantly lower sales for crustacean and mollusk products. Sales in the Southern region had a consistently positive effect on overall retail seafood sales. Results also indicated that retail market seafood sales were significantly higher during the COVID‐19 pandemic period. Private labeling (store brands) exhibited a positive influence on seafood quantity, the same with products without any labeling information compared to products with company labels. The study highlights key market trends in US retail outlets and suggests specific marketing strategies that could be useful for seafood products.