bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Oral Administration of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on Ciprofloxacin Absorption and Disposition in the Rat
Authors: Zhu M , Wong P Y K , Li R C 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of a drug-drug interaction between ciprofloxacin and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) in a rat model.
Pharmacokinetic assessment of ciprofloxacin was performed in two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats. One group (n=5) received 20 mg kg−1 antibiotic orally with concomitant oral dosing of the aqueous fennel extract (2 g herb kg−1) whereas the controls (n=5) received 20 mg kg−1 oral ciprofloxacin. Blood and urine samples were collected over 6 and 24 h, respectively, for quantitation of ciprofloxacin by HPLC. A non-com-partmental model was employed for pharmacokinetic analysis. Major ingredients and metal cations in the fennel extract were determined. Compared with the control, maximum plasma concentration, area under the curve and urinary recovery of ciprofloxacin were significantly (P&lt;0.05) lower, by 83, 48 and 43%, respectively, in rats receiving concomitant dosing of the two agents. The relative bioavailability of ciprofloxacin, under the influence of fennel, was estimated to be 0.52. In addition, its apparent volume of distribution and terminal elimination half-life were significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased, from 30.8±11.1 (L kg−1) and 2.0±0.4 (h) to 143.8±31.6 (L kg−1) and 5.2±2.0 (h), respectively. Although none of the organic components of fennel seemed to cause this interaction, the total amount of ten metal cations measured was found to be 13 mg g−1.
Significant interaction between ciprofloxacin and fennel was observed in this study. Absorption, distribution and elimination of ciprofloxacin were all affected. These changes might be because of the formation of a more lipophilic ciprofloxacin chelate in the presence of relatively large amounts of metal cations. If, therefore, the two therapeutic agents are used concurrently, an adequate dosing interval is needed to ensure the efficacy of ciprofloxacin.
Superconductivity of Ternary Metal Compounds Prepared at High Pressures
Authors: Shirotani Ichimin 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Various ternary metal phosphides, arsenides, antimonides, silicides and germanides have been prepared at high temperatures and high pressures. These ternary metal compounds can be classified into four groups: [1] metal-rich compounds MM′4X2 and [2] MM′X, [3] non-metal-rich compounds MXX′ and [4] MM′4X12 (M and M′ = metal element; X and X′ = non-metal element). We have studied the electrical and magnetic properties of these materials at low temperatures, and found many new superconductors with the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of above 10 K. The metal-rich compound ZrRu4P2 with a tetragonal structure showed the superconducting transition at around 11 K, and had an upper critical field (Hc2) of 12.2 tesla (T) at 0 K. Ternary equiatomic compounds ZrRuP and ZrRuSi crystallize in two modifications, a hexagonal Fe2P-type structure [h-ZrRuP(Si)] and an orthorhombic Co2P-type structure [o-ZrRuP(Si)]. Both h-ZrRuP and h-ZrRuSi have rather high Tc values of above 12 K; on the contrary, Tc of o-ZrRuP and o-ZrRuSi is about 4 K. The alloys ZrRu1−xRhxP were prepared at high temperatures and at high pressures. The superconductivity and the crystal structure of the alloys are very sensitive to the content of Rh atoms. The Hc2 values of h-ZrRuP, h-HfRuP, h-ZrRuSi and h-ZrRuAs are 14–16 T at 0 K. The coherence length of these compounds is below 50 Å. ZrRhSi with the Co2P-type structure and ZrRuGe with a TiFeSi-type structure showed the superconductivity at around 10.5 K. Tc’s of MoNiP with the Fe2P-type structure and MoRuP with the Co2P-type structure were over 15 K. Both compounds have the highest Tc among the metal phosphides. Non-metal-rich compound NbPS showed the Tc of 13 K and the high Hc2 of 17 T. This Hc2 value is the highest among the phosphide superconductors. The Debye temperature and the density of states at the Fermi level for NbPS are 330 K and 0.51 states/eV-atom, respectively. Filled skutterudites LnRu4X12 (Ln = La and Pr, X = P, As and Sb) with a cubic structure show interesting superconductivity behavior at low temperatures. LaRu4As12 had the highest Tc of 10.3 K among the skutterudite compounds. PrRu4As12 with the magnetic element Pr transformed to a superconductor at around 2.4 K. Superconducting properties of various ternary metal compounds prepared at high pressure are discussed.
Introduction of P450, Peroxidase, and Catalase Activities into Myoglobin by Site-Directed Mutagenesis: Diverse Reactivities of Compound I
Authors: Watanabe Yoshihito , Ueno Takafumi 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
We have prepared several myoglobin (Mb) mutants which are protein models for peroxidase, P450, and catalase. In most cases, the distal site of Mb was modified by site-directed mutagenesis on the basis of mechanisms of peroxidase, P450, and catalase reactions. The most important feature of the Mb mutants is the direct observation of their active intermediates, so called compound I. Under catalytic oxidations of sulfides and styrene by H2O2, up to 97% of enantioselectivity was observed. Introduction of an aromatic substrate, tryptophan, near the heme by the site directed mutagenesis of Mb allowed us to proceed almost stoichiometric aromatic hydroxylation. In addition, compound I of Mb mutants exhibit the catalase activity. These results demonstrate that the compound I of Mb mutants are capable to proceed all of the peroxidase, P450, and catalase reactions.
Intramolecular Electron Transfer of Cytochrome c Modified with N,N,N′,N″,N″-Diethylenetriaminepentaacetatocobaltate(III)
Authors: Tsukahara Keiichi , Iida Nao , Kaida Yuka , Takashima Hiroshi , Mizobe Maya , Arakawa Ryuichi 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Horse heart cytochrome c (cytc) modified with an N,N,N′,N″,N″-diethylenetriaminepentaacetatocobaltate(III) ion, [cytcIII{CoIII(dtpa)}], was prepared and characterized. The major component of singly modified [cytcIII{CoIII(dtpa)}] contains a [CoIII(dtpa)] ion at Lys13, of which the ε-amino group is linked with a carboxylate ion of dtpa. A one-electron reduced protein, [cytcII{CoIII(dtpa)}], was prepared by reduction with a methylviologen-radical cation, which was produced in situ by a photoreduction using a tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ion in the presence of disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate at 25 °C, pH 7.5 (0.010 mol dm−3 tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane–HCl buffer), and an ionic strength of 0.50 mol dm−3 (NaCl). The reaction of [cytcII{CoIII(dtpa)}] to form [cytcIII{CoII(dtpa)}] was very slow, and was followed by conventional spectrophotometry. The reaction was of first order in the protein and the first-order rate constant ((3.1 ± 0.5) × 10−4 s−1) was independent of the concentration of the protein, indicating that the intramolecular electron-transfer (ET) process is predominant. The reaction mechanism is discussed on a through-bond or through-space pathway. The slow intramolecular ET rate might arise not only from the long distance, but also from the large reorganization energy for the Co(III)/Co(II) couple.
Equation of State for Free Energy of Homogeneous Nucleation in Supersaturated Lennard-Jones Vapor Phase Derived by Monte Carlo Simulations
Authors: Yamada Yuri , Kataoka Yosuke 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
We estimated the free energy of homogeneous nucleation in supersaturated Lennard-Jones vapor phase by using Monte Carlo simulations. The nucleation free energy of an N-particle cluster is obtained as the difference between the free energies of the cluster phase and the monomer phase in an N-particle system. In the previous papers, we estimated the Helmholtz free energy of the nucleation by MC calculations under a fixed volume per particle, V/N = 43.2 σ3, and the equation of state of the nucleation energy as a function of cluster size and temperature. In this study, we carried out some additional MC calculations under different volumes per particle and took into consideration the pressure to estimate the Gibbs free energy of the nucleation. Then we established the equations of state of the Helmholtz and Gibbs free energies of nucleation as a function of cluster size, temperature, and volume or pressure.
Photoinduced Electron Transfer from Tetrathienylethylenes to Fullerenes (C60/C70): Tetrathienylethylene-Dendrimer Effect
Authors: Yamanaka Ken-ichi , Fujitsuka Mamoru , Ito Osamu , Aoshima Toshihide , Fukushima Takanori , Miyashi Tsutomu 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Photoinduced electron-transfer processes between C60/C70 and tetrathienylethylenes (TTE’s) in benzonitrile have been studied by measuring the transient absorption spectra in the Vis/NIR regions using nanosecond laser photolysis. The absorption bands of the radical anions of C60/C70 (C60•−/C70•−) and radical cations of TTE’s (TTE’s•+) were observed with the decay of the triplet states of C60/C70 (3C60*/3C70*), indicating that electron transfer takes place via 3C60*/3C70*. In addition, formation of the dication of TTE (TTE2+) was confirmed by its characteristic absorption band at 680 nm. The TTE2+ is formed by the stepwise collision of TTE with 3C60*/3C70*. By the substitutions with the MeS groups at the thienyl rings of TTE, the efficiencies and rates of the electron-transfer processes became higher than those of TTE with the PhS groups. For dendrimer TTE’s, the photoinduced electron-transfer processes also took place via 3C60*/3C70*, although the efficiencies and rates were decreased with an increase in the dendrimer generation. After forward electron transfer, the back electron transfer processes were observed between separately solvated C60•−/C70•− and TTE’s•+ even for the dendrimer TTE’s, which suggest that outer-sphere back electron-transfer took place in the backward processes.
Hydrogen-Bond Networks of Mellitate Anions ([C6(COO)6H6−n]n−) in Salts with Pyridine Derivatives
Authors: Kobayashi Norihito , Naito Toshio , Inabe Tamotsu 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Single crystals of mellitate anion ([C6(COO)6H6−n]n−) salts with 3-aminopyridinium, [3-NH2C5H4NH+]3[C6(COO)6H33−] (1), 4-methylpyridinium, [4-CH3C5H4NH+]2[CH3C5H4N]2[C6(COO)6H42−] (2), [4-CH3C5H4NH+]2[C6(COO)6H42−]·2CH3OH (3), pyridinium, [C5H5NH+]2[C6(COO)6H42−]·2H2O (4), 3-methylpyridinium, [3-CH3C5H4NH+]2[C6(COO)6H42−] (5), [3-CH3C5H4NH+]5[C6(COO)6H33−][C6(COO)6H42−]·CH3OH (6), and isoquinolinium, [C9H7NH+]2[C6(COO)6H42−]·CH3OH (7), [C9H7NH+]2[C9H7NH0.50.5+][C6(COO)6H3.52.5−]·CH3OH (8) have been structurally characterized. In these crystals, strong hydrogen-bonds between the mellitate anions are formed. Various arrangements that depend on the deprotonation number, n, have been found. All hydrogen-bonds found between the anions are combinations of a carboxy and a carboxylato group. The “triangular hydrogen-bond” unit between the anions, in which three anions are connected by the three hydrogen-bonds to form a triangle, in the salt with n = 3, induces the two dimensional (2-D) sheet self-organizing structure in this crystal. “Dual hydrogen-bond” units between the anions, in which two pairs of the hydrogen-bonds connect the neighboring anions, have been found in the salts with n = 2 or 2.5. The repetition of the co-planer “dual hydrogen-bond” induces the anion one-dimensional (1-D) belt structure, while the combination of the standing and co-planer “dual hydrogen-bond” units induces the 2-D grid structure. These 2-D grids are further linked by hydrogen-bonds to form a channel. In all the salts (n = 3, 2, 2.5), the counter cation molecules are arranged in the space defined by the anion network.
Graph-Theoretical Re-interpretation of NICS Values for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Naphthalene and Azulene
Authors: Aihara Jun-ichi , Oe Sumio 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Even for the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as naphthalene and azulene, the nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) calculated at a ring center does not always represent local aromaticity. NICS reflects currents induced in many cyclic paths in a π-system.
Improved Selectivity for Cu(II) of Methyl-Substituted Poly(pyrazolyl)borates, [HB(3-Mepz)3]− and [B(3-Mepz)4]−, through Steric Contact
Authors: Kitano Tsuyoshi , Sohrin Yoshiki , Hata Yasuo , Wada Hiroki , Hori Takeyoshi , Ueda Kazumasa 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
The separation of first-series transition metal and Cd2+ ions has been studied by solvent extraction using methyl substituted poly(pyrazolyl)borates. These ligands did not extract all of the studied metal ions at a lower pH compared to the parent ligands, and the selectivity was high for Cu(II) and low for Fe(II), although the extracted species were A2M complexes as well (A−: poly(pyrazolyl)borate, M2+: metal ion) for all the four ligands. An examination of the structures of the nine complexes determined the present and related ones, which were previously determined elsewhere, revealed that 3-methyl groups of the pyrazolyl rings are arrayed around a metal ion, and that the distances between the methyl groups are smaller than the sum of van der Waals radii of the methyl groups. This suggests that the interligand contact of 3-methyl groups decreases the stability of the complexes. Since the geometry in the copper complexes with these ligands is square bipyramid, the increase in steric energy caused by the interligand contact seems to be smaller than that for those complexes having similar ionic radii. Moreover, the spin state of the iron complexes with these ligands is high-spin due to interligand contact. Thus, while the interligand contact causes a general decrease in the stability of all the complexes, the effect is smallest for Cu(II) and largest for Fe(II), resulting in a unique selectivity.
A New Type of Neptunyl(VI) Hydroxide which is Topologically Similar to α-UO2(OH)2
Authors: Nakada Masami , Kitazawa Takafumi , Saito Takashi , Wang Junhu , Takeda Masuo , Yamashita Toshiyuki , Saeki Masakatsu 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
A new type of neptunyl(VI) hydroxide α-NpO2(OH)2I which is topologically similar to α-UO2(OH)2 has been synthesized from the thermal decomposition of the orthorhombic type NpO2(OH)2·H2O II. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns and 237Np Mössbauer spectra have shown that properties of α-NpO2(OH)2I are different from those of the reported β-NpO2(OH)2III, which is similar to β-UO2(OH)2.
In Situ Measurement of Aggregate Formation Kinetics of Nickel(II)-Pyridylazoaminophenol Complex at the Heptane-Water Interface by Centrifugal Liquid Membrane Spectrophotometry
Authors: Yulizar Yoki , Watarai Hitoshi 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Complex formation of nickel(II) with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (HL) and the aggregation of the monomer complex at the heptane-water interface have been kinetically studied by using centrifugal liquid membrane (CLM) spectrophotometry. The interfacial aggregation of ligand in NiL2 complex was observed as the growth of a remarkably intense and narrow absorption band (J-band) at 588 nm, showing a bathochromic shift from the absorption maximum of the monomer complex (569 nm), accompanied by a decrease of the absorbance of the free ligand at 452 nm. The formation of aggregate was initiated when the interfacial concentration of the monomer complex attained the critical aggregation concentration (cac) of 2.4 × 10−10 mol cm−2. The initial formation rate of the interfacial aggregate was proportional to concentrations of both free Ni(II) and free ligand after the attainment of cac. The observed rate constant for the aggregation, 4.1 × 101 M−1 s−1, was smaller than the formation rate constant of NiL2 complex at the interface. A long period observation of the profile of absorbance change showed an oscillation of the interfacial aggregate concentration until all of the ligand was consumed, suggesting a subsequent flocculation of the aggregate in the rotating cell.
Crystal Structures and Magnetic and Gas-Occlusion Properties of Microporous Materials Containing Infinite Chains of Mononuclear Metal (Cu(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II)) Dicarboxylates Unit
Authors: Ohmura Tetsushi , Mori Wasuke , Hasegawa Mari , Takei Tohru , Ikeda Toshiya , Hasegawa Eiko 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
A new series of microporous materials containing infinite chains of a mononuclear metal (Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II))-pyridine unit bridged by dicarboxylates (copper(II) terephthalate-pyridine 1a, copper(II) terephthalate-4-phenylpyridine 1b, zinc(II) fumarate-pyridine 2a, zinc(II) terephthalate-pyridine 2b, nickel(II) fumarate-pyridine 3a, and nickel(II) terephthalate-pyridine 3b) have been prepared. These complexes, which have a regular one-dimensional structure, occlude large amounts of gases. The maximum amount of N2 gas is 0.7–10.7 mole per mole of metal(II) salt, indicating the presence of a large number of micropores. A porous structure, which is formed by stacking and self-assembly of the linear metal(II) dicarboxylates, was determined by X-ray crystallography. We have elucidated the paramagnetic properties of 1a, 1b, 3a, and 3b by magnetic measurement (SQUID), whereas 2a and 2b were found to be diamagnetic. The magnetic susceptibilities of 1a and 1b obey the Curie-Weiss law over the range of 70–300 K (θ = −1.4 K and θ = +5.5 K, respectively); the obtained Weiss constants (θ) indicate the existence of small antiferromagnetic interactions (1a) and ferromagnetic interactions (1b). The different magnetic behaviors between 1a and 1b demonstrate that hydrogen bonding between the carboxylate groups and coordinated water molecules plays an important role in determining the bridge geometries and super-exchange interaction between the Cu(II) ions through the Cu–O–C–O–H–O–Cu pathways. In contrast to those of the copper(II) complexes, the magnetic susceptibilities of 3a and 3b obey the Curie law.
One-Pot Speciation Method for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) with APCD/DIBK Extraction System Based on Difference in Rate of Complex Formation
Authors: Honma Yoshiro 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
A simple speciation of chromium oxidation states based only on the difference in reaction rates of Cr(III) and of Cr(VI) has been developed. This speciation, which was carried out in an ammonium 1-pyrrolidinecarbodithioate (APCD)/diisobutyl ketone (DIBK) extraction system, required no sample splitting. At the first extraction, Cr(VI) was extracted into a DIBK phase, and Cr(III) remaining in the sample was extracted secondly after replacement of the phase by fresh DIBK. Inert Cr(III) was extracted directly without the oxidation process. The concentration of chromium in the extract was measured by AAS. In the first extraction, 0.4–0.5% of Cr(III) was extracted and 0.2% of Cr(VI) was carried over to the second extraction. Using artificial seawater, the detection limit (3σ) and the relative standard deviation (n = 5, at 100 μg/L) were 10 μg/L and ca. 4% (concentration factor = 2). Interferences of heavy metal ions were examined; 5-fold cation group (Mn2+, Fe3+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+) and 1-fold anion group (VO3−, Mo7O246− and WO42−) exhibited negative errors of 5 and 10% in Cr(III) determination respectively. Validity of the method was checked with the standard reference material JAC-0032 (river water); total chromium was determined as 11.0 μg/L (certified value is 10.1 ± 0.2 μg/L).
Three-Dimensional Zinc(II) Coordination Polymer with Strong Blue Fluorescent Emission Formed by Parallel Interlocking of (4,4) Two-Dimensional Networks
Authors: Wang Yan , Ouyang Xing-Mei , Li Yi-Zhi , Sun Wei-Yin 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
A novel coordination polymer, [Zn(NCS)2(L)2]·2H2O, with strong blue fluorescent emission was prepared by an assembly reaction of 1,2-bis(3-pyridylmethyleneamino)ethane (L) with Zn(ClO4)2 and NaSCN. A crystallographic analysis indicates that the structure of the complex contains (4,4) two-dimensional layers, which interlock each other in parallel to form a three-dimensional framework.
Chiral Fluorescent Labeling Reagent Derived from Rhodamine B for Flurbiprofens
Authors: Matsui Masaki , Higeta Takahiro , Kimura Masahiro , Funabiki Kazumasa , Nakaya Ken-ichi 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
A lactam-type enantiomeric fluorescent labeling reagent was prepared from Rhodamine B. This reagent showed its absorption and emission maxima at λ 557 and 580 nm in an acetonitrile–acetic acid (9:1) mixed solution, respectively. Racemic Flurbiprofens reacted with this reagent to produce diastereomeric esters, which were separated by non-chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Glycosylation Using Hemiacetal Sugar Derivatives: Synthesis of O-α-d-Rhamnosyl-(1→3)-O-α-d-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-d-rhamnose and O-α-d-Tyvelosyl-(1→3)-O-α-d-mannosyl-(1→4)-l-rhamnose
Authors: Hirooka Motoko , Yoshimura Asako , Saito Izumi , Ikawa Fumio , Uemoto Yoko , Koto Shinkiti , Takabatake Ayano , Taniguchi Aya , Shinoda Yoshika , Morinaga Aya 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
O-α-d-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-α-d-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-d-rhamnopyranose, a repeating trisaccharide of the O-specific polysaccharides (OPSs) of Pseudomonades, and O-α-d-tyvelopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-α-d-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-l-rhamnopyranose, a trisaccharide composing the OPSs of Salmonella typhi, were synthesized by in-situ activating glycosylation reactions using hemiacetal sugar derivatives. Allyl 2,4-di-O-benzyl-α-d-rhamnopyranoside was prepared via the direct ditritylation of allyl α-d-mannopyranoside. 3-O-Acetyl-2,4-di-O-benzyl-d-rhamnopyranose was used as a precursor for the moiety of d-tyvelose (3,6-dideoxy-d-arabino-hexose, 3,6-dideoxy-d-mannopyranose, 3-deoxy-d-rhamnose) of the salmonella trisaccharide.
Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Michael-Type Hydroarylation of Nitroalkenes Using Aryltins and Sodium Tetraarylborates
Authors: Ohe Toshiyuki , Uemura Sakae 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
A variety of aryltin compounds and sodium tetraarylborates can be employed for Michael-type hydroarylation reactions of nitroalkenes to afford β-arylnitroalkanes in moderate to good yields in the presence of either LiCl, MgCl2, or CaCl2 and a catalytic amount of palladium(II) salt (0.05 molar amount) in acetic acid. Results show that 50–70% of aryl groups out of all in these aryl compounds can be transferred to the products in this hydroarylation. The addition of a catalytic amount (0.05–0.10 molar amount) of a Lewis acid chloride, BiCl3 or SbCl3, much improves the product yield in some cases.
Polymer-Supported Sulfinimidoyl Chlorides: A Convenient Reagent for Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Matsuo Jun-ichi , Kawana Asahi , Yamanaka Hiroyuki , Kamiyama Hiroaki 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Two polymer-supported sulfinimidoyl chlorides, i.e., 4-(N-tert-butylchlorosulfinimidoyl)phenoxymethylpolystyrene (3) and 4-(N-tert-butylchlorosulfinimidoyl)polystyrene (10), were prepared from chloromethylpolystyrene and polystyrene, respectively. Stoichiometric or catalytic oxidation of various primary and secondary alcohols using these polymer-supported sulfinimidoyl chlorides proceeded smoothly, and the corresponding aldehydes and ketones were conveniently prepared in good-to-high yields by simple work-up procedures. The polymer-supported oxidant 10 was recycled repeatedly by chlorination of a used polymer 11 with N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) after stoichiometric oxidation.
Enhancement of the Efficiency of the Low Temperature Method for Kinetic Resolution of Primary Alcohols by Optimizing the Organic Bridges in Porous Ceramic-Immobilized Lipase
Authors: Sakai Takashi , Hayashi Kyoko , Yano Fumika , Takami Mie , Ino Megumi , Korenaga Toshinobu , Ema Tadashi 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
For the enhancement of enantioselectivity and acceleration of the reaction rate in the lipase-catalyzed resolution of primary alcohols, the use of a very low reaction temperature (−30 °C) and an immobilized lipase on organic bridges-coated porous ceramic support was found to be highly effective. Furthermore, the structure of the organic bridges greatly influenced the temperature effect between ln E and 1/T as well as the reaction rate. Among the organic bridges examined in the resolution of (±)-2-hydroxymethyl-1,4-benzodioxane, the 6-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)hexylsilanetrioxyl bridge was the best choice for both the E value and the reaction rate at −30 °C.