bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causes of recurrence of paediatric inguinal hernia after single-port laparoscopic closure
Authors: He Chao-Sheng , Su Yi , Liu Ming-Xue , Qin Yu-Bing , Ji Yan-Hui , Huang Wen-Qian , Huang Gui-Zhen , Yang Guo-Zhu , Hu Zeng-Long , Li Suo-Lin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This paper explores the causes of paediatric inguinal hernia (PIH) recurrence after single-port laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (SPLPEC).

Method
From January 2015 to December 2020, the clinical data of 3480 children with PIHs who underwent SPLPEC were retrospectively reviewed, including 644 children who underwent SPLPEC with a homemade single-hook hernia needle from January 2015 to December 2016 and 2836 children who underwent the SPLPEC with a double-hook hernia needle and hydrodissection from January 2017 to December 2020. There were 39 recurrences (including communicating hydrocele) during the 2–5 years of follow-up. The findings of redo-laparoscopy were recorded and correlated with the revised video of the first operation to analyse the causes of recurrence.

Result
Thirty-three males and 6 females experienced recurrence, and 8 patients had a unilateral communicating hydrocele. The median time to recurrence was 7.1 months (0–38). There were 20 cases (3.11%) in the single-hook group and 19 cases (0.67%) in the double-hook group. Based on laparoscopic findings, recurrence most probably resulted from multiple factors, including uneven tension of the ligation (10 cases), missing part of the peritoneum (14 cases), loose ligation (8 cases), broken knot (5 cases), and knot reaction (2 cases). All children who underwent repeat SPLPEC were cured by double ligations or reinforcement with medial umbilical ligament.

Conclusion
The main cause of recurrence is improper ligation. Tension-free and complete PIH ligation are critical to the success of surgery, which requires avoiding the peritoneum skip area and the subcutaneous and muscular tissues. Redo-laparoscopic surgery was suitable for the treatment of recurrent inguinal hernia (RIH). For giant hernias, direct ligation of the internal ring incorporating the medial umbilical ligament (DIRIM) may be needed.
Patterns and trends of mortality from metastatic colorectal cancer in Shanghai, China from 2005 to 2021: a population-based retrospective analysis
Authors: Cheng Xuelin , Zhou Jing , Chen Yichen , Zhao Yajun , Zheng Huichao , Wang Qizhe , Li Xiaopan , Jiang Sunfang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is the leading cause of CRC deaths, however, the relative epidemiological research was insufficient. We aimed to analyze the patterns and trends of mortality of mCRC in Shanghai with a more complete system for monitoring the cause of death of the population and find potential methods to reduce the burden of CRC in China.

Methods
Mortality data from 2005 to 2021 of mCRC deaths were obtained from the mortality registration system in Shanghai. We analyzed the crude mortality rates, age-standardized mortality rates, and rates of years of life lost (YLL rates) of mCRC. In addition, the trends were quantified using Joinpoint Regression software.

Results
A total of 4,386 mCRC deaths were included, with 1,937 (44.16%) liver metastases and 1,061 (24.19%) lung metastases. The crude mortality rate and age-standardized mortality rate of mCRC were 9.09 per 105 person-years and 3.78 per 105 person-years, respectively. The YLL was 50,533.13 years, and the YLL rate was 104.67 per 105 person-years. The overall annual crude mortality rate of mCRC increased by 1.47% (95% CI 0.28–2.68%, P < 0.001) from 2005 to 2021. The crude mortality rate of mCRC increased by 3.20% per year (95% CI 1.80–4.70%, P < 0.001) from 2005 to 2013, but the trend of mortality growth remained stable from 2013 to 2021. The YLL rates remained stable between 2005 and 2021.

Conclusions
Population aging was the most likely factor responsible for the increase in CRC mortality in Pudong. Physical examinations and screenings for the elderly were possible reasons for reducing the burden of CRC in fast-growing regions.
Evaluation of AR, AR-V7, and p160 family as biomarkers for prostate cancer: insights into the clinical significance and disease progression
Authors: Pimenta Ruan , Malulf Feres Camargo , Romão Poliana , Caetano Giovana Vilas Boas , da Silva Karina Serafim , Ghazarian Vitoria , dos Santos Gabriel A. , Guimarães Vanessa , Silva Iran Amorim , de Camargo Juliana Alves , Recuero Saulo , Melão Bárbara V. Lima Aguiar , Antunes Alberto Azoubel , Srougi Miguel , Nahas William , Leite Katia R. M. , Reis Sabrina T. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the role of the p160 family, AR, and AR-V7 in different initial presentations of prostate cancer and their association with clinical endpoints related to tumor progression.

Methods
The study sample comprises 155 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and 11 healthy peripheral zone biopsies as the control group. Gene expression was quantified by qPCR from the tissue specimens. The statistical analysis investigated correlations between gene expression levels, associations with disease presence, and clinicopathological features. Additionally, ROC curves were applied for distinct PCa presentations, and time-to-event analysis was used for clinical endpoints.

Results
The AR-V7 diagnostic performance for any PCa yielded an AUC of 0.77 (p < 0.05). For locally advanced PCa, the AR-V7 AUC was 0.65 (p < 0.05). Moreover, the metastasis group had a higher expression of SRC-1 than the non-metastatic group (p < 0.05), showing a shorter time to metastasis in the over-expressed group (p = 0.005). Patients with disease recurrence had super-expression of AR levels (p < 0.0005), with a shorter time-to-recurrence in the super-expression group (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Upregulation of SRC-1 indicates a higher risk of progression to metastatic disease in a shorter period, which warrants further research to be applied as a clinical tool. Additionally, AR may be used as a predictor for PCa recurrence. Furthermore, AR-V7 may be helpful as a diagnostic tool for PCa and locally advanced cancer, comparable with other investigated tools.
Prognostic factors in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients with organ-specific metastasis: unveiling commonalities and disparities
Authors: Wu Yuanli , Zhang Jing , Zhou Weiying , Yuan Zhongzhen , Wang Hongmei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to identify shared and distinct prognostic factors related to organ-specific metastases (liver, lung, bone, and brain) in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients, then construct nomograms for survival prediction.

Methods
Patient data for ES-SCLC were from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2019. Kaplan–Meier analysis was applied to estimate overall survival (OS), and Cox regression was used to identify prognostic factors. A Venn diagram was utilized to distinguish common and unique prognostic factors among the variables assessed. These identified prognostic factors were used to formulate a nomogram, and its predictive accuracy and reliability were evaluated using C-indexes, calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results
A total of 24,507 patients diagnosed with ES-SCLC exhibiting metastases to the liver, lung, bone, and brain were included. The 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year OS rates were 46.1%, 19.7%, and 5.0%, respectively. Patients with liver metastasis demonstrated the most unfavorable prognosis, with a 1-year OS rate of 14.5%, while those with brain metastasis had a significantly better prognosis with a 1-year OS rate of 21.6%. The study identified seven common factors associated with a poor prognosis in ES-SCLC patients with organ-specific metastases: older age, male sex, unmarried status, higher T stage, presence of other metastases, and combination radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, specific prognostic factors were identified for patients with metastasis to the liver, bone, and brain, including paired tumors, lack of surgical treatment at the primary site, and household income, respectively. To facilitate prognostic predictions, four nomograms were developed and subsequently validated. The performance of these nomograms was assessed using calibration curves, C-indexes, and the area under the curve (AUC), all of which consistently indicated good predictive accuracy and reliability.

Conclusions
Patients diagnosed with ES-SCLC with organ-specific metastases revealed shared and distinct prognostic factors. The nomograms developed from these factors demonstrated good performance and can serve valuable clinical tools to predict the prognosis of ES-SCLC patients with organ-specific metastases.
Peeling Sequences
Authors: Dumitrescu Adrian , Tóth Géza 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGiven a set ofnlabeled points in general position in the plane, we remove all of its points one by one. At each step, one point from the convex hull of the remaining set is erased. In how many ways can the process be carried out? The answer obviously depends on the point set. If the points are in convex position, there are exactlyn! ways, which is the maximum number of ways fornpoints. But what is the minimum number? It is shown that this number is (roughly) at least$$3^n$$3nand at most$$12.29^n$$12.29n.
Myocardial work across different etiologies of right ventricular dysfunction and healthy controls
Authors: Berg-Hansen Kristoffer , Gopalasingam Nigopan , Clemmensen Tor Skibsted , Andersen Mads Jønsson , Mellemkjaer Søren , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt , Jensen Jesper Khedri , Nielsen Roni 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEvaluating right ventricular (RV) function remains a challenge. Recently, novel echocardiographic assessment of RV myocardial work (RVMW) by non-invasive pressure-strain loops was proposed. This enables evaluation of right ventriculoarterial coupling and quantifies RV dyssynchrony and post-systolic shortening. We aimed to assess RVMW in patients with different etiologies of RV dysfunction and healthy controls. We investigated healthy controls (n=17), patients with severe functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR; n=22), and patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PCPH; n=20). Echocardiography and right heart catheterization were performed to assess 1) RV global constructive work (RVGCW; work needed for systolic myocardial shortening and isovolumic relaxation), 2) RV global wasted work (RVGWW; myocardial shortening following pulmonic valve closure), and 3) RV global work efficiency (RVGWE; describes the relation between RV constructive and wasted work). RVGCW correlated with invasive RV stroke work index (r=0.66, P<0.001) and increased in tandem with higher afterload, i.e., was low in healthy controls (454±73 mmHg%), moderate in patients with FTR (687±203 mmHg%), and highest among patients with PCPH (881±255 mmHg%). RVGWE was lower and RVGWW was higher in patients with FTR (86±8% and 91 mmHg% [53-140]) or PCPH (86±10% and 110 mmHg% [66-159]) as compared with healthy controls (96±3% and 10 mmHg%). RVMW by echocardiography provides a promising index of RV function to discriminate between patients with RV volume or pressure overload. The prognostic value of this measure needs to be settled in future studies.
Graphical abstract

Combining right heart catheterization and echocardiography, right ventricular (RV) pressure-strain loops were evaluated in healthy controls and in patients with severe functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) or precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PCPH). RV global constructive work (RVGCW) entails the work needed for systolic myocardial shortening and isovolumic relaxation; it increased in tandem with higher afterload. RV global wasted work (RVGWW) describes myocardial shortening following pulmonic valve closure and RV global work efficiency (RVGWE) is the ratio between RVGCW and RVGWW. RVGWW was higher and RVGWE was lower in both patient groups with RV hemodynamic overload.
METTL3 regulates TFRC ubiquitination and ferroptosis through stabilizing NEDD4L mRNA to impact stroke
Authors: Su Wenjie , Yu Xiang , Wang Shan , Wang Xu , Dai Zheng , Li Yi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Stroke is a major medical problem, and novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. This study investigates the protective role and potential mechanisms of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methyltransferase METTL3 against cerebral injury resulting from insufficient cerebral blood flow.

Methods
In this study, we constructed mouse MCAO models and HT-22 cell OGD/R models to mimic ischemic stroke-induced brain injury and neuronal damage. We generated NEDD4L knockout and METTL3 overexpression models and validated therapeutic effects using infarct volume, brain edema, and neurologic scoring. We performed qRT-PCR, western blotting, and co-immunoprecipitation to assess the influence of NEDD4L on ferroptosis markers and TFRC expression. We verified the effect of NEDD4L on TFRC ubiquitination by detecting half-life and ubiquitination. Finally, we validated the impact of METTL3 on NEDD4L mRNA stability and MCAO outcomes in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models.

Result
We find NEDD4L expression is downregulated in MCAO models. Overexpressing METTL3 inhibits the iron carrier protein TFRC by upregulating the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4L, thereby alleviating oxidative damage and ferroptosis to protect the brain from ischemic injury. Mechanistic studies show METTL3 can methylate and stabilize NEDD4L mRNA, enhancing NEDD4L expression. As a downstream effector, NEDD4L ubiquitinates and degrades TFRC, reducing iron accumulation and neuronal ferroptosis.

Conclusion
In summary, we uncover the METTL3-NEDD4L-TFRC axis is critical for inhibiting post-ischemic brain injury. Enhancing this pathway may serve as an effective strategy for stroke therapy. This study lays the theoretical foundation for developing m6A-related therapies against ischemic brain damage.
Impact of forest landscape restoration in combating soil erosion in the Lake Abaya catchment, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Eshetu Shibire Bekele , Kipkulei Harison Kiplagat , Koepke Julian , Kächele Harald , Sieber Stefan , Löhr Katharina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs an effect of forest degradation, soil erosion is among Ethiopia’s most pressing environmental challenges and a major threat to food security where it could potentially compromise the ecosystem functions and services. As the effects of soil erosion intensify, the landscape’s capacity to support ecosystem functions and services is compromised. Exploring the ecological implications of soil erosion is crucial. This study investigated the soil loss and land degradation in the Lake Abaya catchment to explore forest landscape restoration (FLR) implementation as a possible countermeasure to the effects. The study used a geographic information system (GIS)-based approach of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to determine the potential annual soil loss and develop an erosion risk map. Results show that 13% of the catchment, which accounts for approximately 110,000 ha, is under high erosion risk of exceeding the average annual tolerable soil loss of 10 t/ha/year. Allocation of land on steep slopes to crop production is the major reason for the calculated high erosion risk in the catchment. A scenario-based analysis was implemented following the slope-based land-use allocation proposal indicated in the Rural Land Use Proclamation 456/2005 of Ethiopia. The scenario analysis resulted in a reversal erosion effect whereby an estimated 3000 t/ha/year of soil loss in the catchment. Thus, FLR activities hold great potential for minimizing soil loss and contributing to supporting functioning and providing ecosystem services. Tree-based agroforestry systems are among the key FLR measures championed in highly degraded landscapes in Ethiopia. This study helps policymakers and FLR implementors identify erosion risk areas for future FLR activities. Thereby, it contributes to achieving the country’s restoration commitment.
Transforming MSMEs towards circularity: an attainable challenge with the appropriate technologies and approaches
Authors: Vásquez Paola , Gallego Viviana , Soto J. David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMoving Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), in developing countries, from linear “take—make—dispose” production patterns to circular models where inputs and natural resources consumption is minimized, and products and waste reuse is promoted, is still a challenge. Environmental transition initiatives with multiple gaps, based on narrow and corrective approaches, isolated measures, and costly and complex technologies suitable for large companies, limit the incursion of MSMEs into the new circularity. It is in this context that the research aims to understand: How to accelerate the transition of MSMEs in developing countries towards circular production models? A critical literature review guided the design, development and analysis of the case study; a small coffee and pig farm located in Colombia, where a circular transition process was undertaken, acted as the unit of analysis. Interviews, theoretical and practical workshops, on-site measurements, systematic observations, and multi-stakeholder dialogs helped to collect and triangulate the empirical data provided by the case. By following systems thinking and sustainable and circular production principles, low-cost, simple and complementary clean technologies were implemented in the farm-system, resulting in multiple benefits at environmental, social and economic levels. This applied research helped to transform a small rural polluting enterprise into a greener and circular business. The study provides theoretical and empirical contributions to the field of research on the transfer of cleaner production and circular economy to MSMEs, expanding our knowledge on the subject.
Graphical abstract
Short-term fasting of a single amino acid extends lifespan
Authors: Fulton Tahlia L. , Wansbrough Mia R. , Mirth Christen K. , Piper Matthew D. W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiet and health are strongly linked, though the strict changes in diet required to improve health outcomes are usually difficult to sustain. We sought to understand whether short-term bouts of amino acid–specific modifications to the diet of Drosophila melanogaster could mimic the lifespan and stress resistance benefits of dietary restriction, without the requirement for drastic reductions in food intake. We found that flies that were transiently fed diets lacking the essential amino acid isoleucine, but otherwise nutritionally complete, exhibited enhanced nicotine tolerance, indicating elevated detoxification capacity. The protection from isoleucine deprivation increased with the duration of exposure, up to a maximum at 7-day isoleucine deprivation for flies 2, 3, or 4 weeks of age, and a 5-day deprivation when flies were 5 weeks of age. Because of these beneficial effects on toxin resistance, we intermittently deprived flies of isoleucine during the first 6 weeks of adulthood and monitored the effect on lifespan. Lifespan was significantly extended when flies experienced short-term isoleucine deprivation at 3 and 5 weeks of age, regardless of whether they were also deprived at 1 week. These results indicate that short-term bouts of isoleucine deprivation can extend lifespan and highlight its cumulative and time-dependent benefits. Interestingly, we found that isoleucine-deprived flies lost their protection against nicotine within 3 days of returning to fully fed conditions. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying lifespan extension may involve transient damage clearance during the bouts of isoleucine deprivation rather than sustained enhanced detoxification capacity. These data highlight a new time-restricted, nutritionally precise method to extend life in Drosophila melanogaster and point to a more manageable dietary method to combat ageing.
A FE Model for the Efficient Simulation of the Thermo-Elastic Machine Tool Behavior
Authors: Brecher Christian , Dehn Mathias , Neus Stephan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn modern machine tools, the thermo-elastic positioning error has a large share on the overall machine tool error. A multitude of different approaches can be found in the literature to correct this error in order to improve the accuracy of the machine tool. However, an FE-based approach to model the thermo-elastic error of 5 axis machine tools is still an active field of research. Therefore, the goal of this work is the improvement of the machine tool accuracy by modelling the machine tool error using a FE model. The model uses real time measurement data of the thermo-elastic error using an R-Test, as well as real time temperature measurements of the machine structure.
Development of Smart Pill Expert System Based on IoT
Authors: Dayananda P. , Upadhya Amrutha G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn improved version of the smart pill expert system known as SPEC 2.0 is presented in this paper to give a knowledge of IoT in healthcare. At the designated moment, the system strives to accurately dispense the recommended dosage of medication. The user-friendly interface of SPEC 2.0 is one of its standout features since it makes it simple for people of all ages to utilize among all the smart medicine dispensers. The main objective of this system is to deliver control and monitoring capabilities via an android application, free of in-app purchases or subscriptions. Numerous features, including the capacity to send alerts and SMS messages regarding pill distribution, are included in the android application. With the help of this tool, users can keep on schedule with their medicine and receive frequent reminders. In order to successfully manage the issue of overdosage, the system lays a special emphasis on preventing the consumption of medication in excess amounts. Users of SPEC 2.0 can reduce their risk of adverse drug reactions by following the directions for dose intervals. Daily tests have been conducted to ensure that SPEC 2.0 works as intended, and thorough records have been kept of each test. These tests offer important information about the system's dependability and its capacity to deliver precise drug dosages on a regular basis. In conclusion, the improved smart pill expert system reveals its potential to dramatically increase medicine adherence and avoid any health concerns brought on by ingesting the wrong dosage.