bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Проблеми застосування Starlink в Україні в умовах військового стану
Authors: Тюндер І.С. 
Published: February 2024

У статті розглядаються проблеми та перспективи проекту супутникового зв'язку STARLINK, а також застосування STARLINK в Україні.
Супутниковий інтернет - спосіб забезпечення доступу до Інтернету з використанням технологій супутникового зв'язку.
Глобальне покриття Землі недорогим високошвидкісним інтернет-доступом створить нові можливості у сферах освіти, транспорту, туризму, будівництва.
Компанія SpaceX Ілона Маска стала однією з найвпли- вовіших у сфері космічних технологій та відкриттів. Най- успішніший проєкт компанії Маска - Starlink - отримав ши- роке визнання та відкрив нові можливості для забезпе- чення доступу до швидкого інтернету, зокрема в умовах бойових дій в Україні. Його широко застосовують Збройні сили України (ЗСУ), деокуповані громади, журналісти, і не тільки [1]
Передзамовлення на супутниковий інтернет Starlink SpaceX відкрила в лютому 2021 року для перших країн - США, Канади та Великобританії. Для України доступ до нього був запланований на 2022. Проте напад рф значно прискорив цей процес.
Зазначається, що при очікуваному зростанні мережі Starlink, яка складатиметься з 42 000 супутників, - на орбіті дуже швидко стане тісно. Це створить загрозу для інших супутників, а також перешкодить астрономічним спостереженням із Землі.
Вже нині на супутники Starlink покладають відповідальність за більшість інцидентів з загрозою зіткнення з іншими супутниками. Також проблемою є порівняно короткий термін роботи супутників Starlink, яких вистачає лише приблизно на п'ять років.
Звернено увагу на те, що Starlink має труднощі з обслуго- вуванням і сервісом, неможливість змінити дані акаунта власника, про що регулярно пишуть не лише українці, а й користувачі з інших країн. Бійці ЗСУ розповідають «Тижню» й про інші складнощі роботи терміналів, серед яких обмежена мобільність (можливість користуватися не в першій точці під’єднання). Це часто призводило до того, що безліч Starlink - терміналів, зокрема отриманих українськими Силами оборони, перетворилися на брухт: їх неможливо використовувати за призначенням у потрібному місці.
Крім проблем проекту STARLINK, очікується, що впровадження мережі Starlink в Україні є великим кроком вперед у подоланні цифрового розриву та наближенні країни до досягнення повного доступу до Інтернету. Цей проект обіцяє стати благом для народу України та слугуватиме прикладом того, як технології покращують життя.
Diagnóstico de anemia en adolescentes embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital General Docente Riobamba mediante el uso de hematocrito, hemoglobina e índices eritrocitarios
Authors: Ortiz Jiménez José Marcelo , Peñafiel Méndez Carlos Iván , Díaz Parra Alberto Darío , Chaguaro Ramírez Wilian Iván 
Published: February 2024

Introducción. El embarazo adolescente es aquel que ocurre entre 10-19 años, ha sido estudiado por su impacto en la salud materna y neonatal. El embarazo precoz, se asocia con factores de riesgo para el neonato y la madre; en países en vías de desarrollo la anemia ferropénica es frecuente en el preparto. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de anemia en las adolescentes embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba, diagnosticadas mediante pruebas de laboratorio como hematocrito, hemoglobina e índices eritrocitarios. Metodología. La investigación es documental, descriptiva, transversal, retrospectiva. La población estuvo conformada por las adolescentes embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital, se seleccionó adolescentes sin enfermedades asociadas. La muestra incluyó 158 historias de madres gestantes, en las que se identificó (hemoglobina, hematocrito, índices hematimétricos y diagnóstico de anemia), para determinar la prevalencia de anemia. Resultados. De los 158 registros de las historias: 18 corresponden a exámenes del primer trimestre, 32 del segundo trimestre y 108 del tercer trimestre. Se evidencia que 22 pacientes presentaron disminución en valores de hematocrito y hemoglobina, que se corresponden con anemia. Los resultados promedio de hematocrito fueron 38,78% en el primer trimestre; 36,37% en el segundo trimestre y 39,28% en el tercer trimestre. Los valores medios de hemoglobina corresponden a 12,73 g/dl; 12,04 g/dl, y 13,02 g/dl en el primero, segundo y tercer trimestre, respectivamente. Conclusión. La prevalencia de anemia en adolescentes embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital Provincial General Docente de Riobamba fue de 18%, sin embargo, no todas las adolescentes que presentaron variaciones en los valores de hematocrito y hemoglobina fueron prescritas con anemia de acuerdo a la revisión documental de las historias clínicas, evidenciando falencias en la aplicación de lo descrito en la Guía de práctica clínica de diagnóstico y tratamiento de anemia en el embarazo del Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador. Área de estudio general: Salud. Área de estudio específica: Laboratorio clínico. Tipo de estudio: Artículo original.
Marcadores moleculares para el diagnóstico de cáncer de tiroides
Authors: Jácome Lara Luis Jhair , Monar Basantes Silvia Paola , Dalgo Aguilar Paola , Ortiz Jiménez José Marcelo 
Published: February 2024

Introducción. En la actualidad, los marcadores moleculares presentan gran importancia como herramienta diagnóstica en distintas patologías de carácter oncológico como el cáncer de tiroides de tipo maligno. Objetivo. El presente trabajo pretende describir marcadores moleculares para el diagnóstico de cáncer de tiroides. Metodología. El estudio es documental, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectiva. La población estuvo conformada por 2.893 documentos científicos, de los cuales según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se extrajo una muestra de 26 documentos. Resultados. La enfermedad en mención es reconocida como una de las afecciones tiroideas menos frecuentes ya que tan solo está constituido por el 4 - 6,5%, rango dentro del cual se puede encontrar a diversos tipos como el papilar, folicular y anaplásico. Pese al bajo porcentaje que presenta el cáncer de tiroides durante varios años su diagnóstico ha comprendido diversas intervenciones quirúrgicas innecesarias, por lo que en los principales marcadores moleculares, específicamente al gen BRAFV600E considerado el más común con el 40 - 80% de mutaciones en cáncer papilar de tiroides; el gen RAS es menos influyente en un cáncer de tiroides con el 6% al 20%, con mayor presencia en un cáncer de tipo folicular y una incidencia del 28% al 50%; y en menor proporción se presenta el gen RET y TER. Conclusión. Finalmente se busca demostrar que la validez de estos marcadores moleculares en el diagnóstico de cáncer de tiroides es amplia, sobre todo en la búsqueda de alternativas menos invasivas y a la vez reconocer los niveles de sensibilidad y especificidad que estos presentan. Área de estudio general: Laboratorio Clínico. Área de estudio específica: Biología Molecular. Tipo de estudio: Articulo Original
Relation of Serum Bilirubin in Physiological Range with Spot Urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio and eGFR Among Diabetic Patients with or without Nephropathy
Authors: Tahfim T , Muttalib MA , Rahman T , Riya AS , Alam M , Hasan M 
Published: February 2024

Recent studies have suggested a potential role of bilirubin as an antioxidant to protect diabetic patients from hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress thereby preventing diabetic complications. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious microvascular complication which is determined by increased urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and reduced eGFR. The present work aimed to study the relation of the simple biochemical parameter of serum bilirubin level with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio in diabetic patients with or without nephropathy. This cross sectional study was done in the department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) Academy from July 2017 to June 2018. We have taken 63 diabetic patients without nephropathy and 63 diabetic patients with nephropathy.Data about clinical and biochemical parameters (blood pressure, BMI, fasting serum glucose, estimated GFR, serum bilirubin and spot urine ACR etc.) were measured by appropriate methods. We used student’s t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient to detect the relationship of serum bilirubin with other variables All statistical tests were considered at 5% level of significance. We found diabetic patients with nephropathy have significantly lower serum bilirubin (p<0.001) than diabetic patients without nephropathy (0.46±0.18 and 0.64± 0.21 mg/d respectively). Pearson’s correlation test showed that serum bilirubin positively correlated with eGFR (r=0.312, p=0.013) in diabetic patients with nephropathy. This study concluded that low serum bilirubin level is associated with eGFR in diabetic patients with nephropathy.
Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2019; 12(2): 16-22
Dyslipidemia in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Sultana N 
Published: February 2024

Globally chronic kidney (CKD) disease is one of the major health problems. Global prevalence of CKD is 8−16%. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Bangladesh is 26%. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit significant alterations in lipoprotein metabolism. In this review different lipid parameters are shown from different studies and the pathogenesis of CKD induced dyslipidemia is discussed.
Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2019; 12(2): 31-38
Didática Crítica Multidimensional Emancipatória
Authors: Oliveira Sheila , Barros Abdizia Maria Alves , Oliveira Fabiane Lopes 
Published: February 2024

Este artigo é fruto dos estudos realizados pelo Grupo de pesquisa Didaktiké - Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Didática e Questões Contemporâneas (FE/UFG), no período de agosto de 2020 a agosto de 2021. Tivemos como foco de análise os trabalhos apresentados no Encontro Nacional de Didática e Práticas de Ensino (ENDIPE) 2018 sobre a Didática Crítica Multidimensional Emancipatória a fim de compreender os princípios epistemológicos e metodológicos desta didática, bem como a apropriação de seus conceitos nos estudos apresentados no âmbito do ENDIPE. Apoiamo-nos, então, nas formulações de Pimenta; Franco e Fusari (2015), Franco e Pimenta (2016) e Melo e Pimenta (2018). Ainda, como fundamento, contribuíram para a análise Ardoíno (1998) Charlot (2013) Freire (1987; 1996) e Morin (2001; 2004). Entendemos que a Didática Crítica Multidimensional Emancipatórias pode ser observada nos trabalhos de formas específicas, contudo todas elas afirmam reconhecem a importância dessa perspectiva como uma possibilidade de ruptura com o que está posto na realidade educacional brasileira como também teórico metodológica alinhada com o compromisso político voltado para a formação humana, para a práxis e para a emancipação.
Palavras-chave: Didática. Didática Crítica Multidimensional Emancipatória. Didáticas Emergentes

ABSTRACT
This article is the result of studies carried out by the Didaktiké Research Group - Study and Research Group on Didactics and Contemporary Issues (FE/UFG), from August 2020 to August 2021. We focused our analysis on the works presented at the Meeting National Didactics and Teaching Practices (ENDIPE) 2018 on Emancipatory Multidimensional Critical Didactics in order to understand the epistemological and methodological principles of this didactics, as well as the appropriation of its concepts in the studies presented within the scope of ENDIPE. We rely, then, on Pimenta's formulations; Franco and Fusari (2015), Franco and Pimenta (2016) and Melo and Pimenta (2018). Still, as a foundation, Ardoíno (1998) Charlot (2013) Freire (1987; 1996) and Morin (2001; 2004) contributed to the analysis. We understand that the Emancipatory Multidimensional Critical Didactics can be observed in the works in specific ways, however all of them claim to recognize the importance of this perspective as a possibility of breaking with what is set in the Brazilian educational reality as well as methodological theory aligned with the political commitment aimed at human formation, for praxis and for emancipation.
Keywords: Didactics. Emancipatory Multidimensional Critical Didactics. Emerging Didactics
Laboratory investigation and core flood demonstration of enhanced biogenic methane generation from lignite
Authors: Basera Priyanka , Lavania Meeta , Singh Nimmi , Lal Banwari 
Published: February 2024

Over the last several decades, coalbed methane (CBM) has emerged as an important energy source in developing nations like India as well as worldwide and is expected to play a significant role in the energy portfolio of the future. The current scenario of rapid exhaustion of fossil fuels is leading to the need to explore alternative and efficient fuel resources. The present study demonstrates enhanced methane production per gram of lignite (lowest-rank coal). Optimization of the bioconversion of lignite to methane revealed 55°C temperature and 1.5 g/L NaCl concentration as ambient conditions for the process. A scale-up study in the optimized condition showed 2,800 mM methane production per 25 g of lignite in anaerobic conditions. Further, Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis showed bioconversion of lignite into simpler intermediate substrates required for methane production. The results highlighted that the bacterial action first converts lignite into volatile fatty acids, which subsequently get converted into methane. Further, the exploration of indigenous microbial consortia in Tharad well (THAA) mainly comprises the order Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales. The pathogenicity of the microbial consortium THAA was declared safe for use in mice via the oral route by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), India. The study demonstrated the development of indigenous consortia (TERI THAA), which can potentially enhance methane production from the lowest coal grade under extreme conditions in Indian coal beds.
Melatonin alleviates oxidative stress damage in mouse testes induced by bisphenol A
Authors: Qi Qi , Yang Jiaxin , Li Shuang , Liu Jingjing , Xu Da , Wang Guoqing , Feng Lei , Pan Xiaoyan 
Published: February 2024

We investigated the effect of melatonin on bisphenol A (BPA)-induced oxidative stress damage in testicular tissue and Leydig cells. Mice were gavaged with 50 mg/kg BPA for 30 days, and concurrently, were injected with melatonin (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg). Leydig cells were treated with 10 μmol/L of BPA and melatonin. The morphology and organ index of the testis and epididymis were observed and calculated. The sperm viability and density were determined. The expressions of melatonin receptor 1A and luteinizing hormone receptor, and the levels of malonaldehyde, antioxidant enzymes, glutathione, steroid hormone synthases, aromatase, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and estradiol were measured. TUNEL assay was utilized to detect testicular cell apoptosis. The administration of melatonin at 20 mg/kg significantly improved the testicular index and epididymis index in mice treated with BPA. Additionally, melatonin promoted the development of seminiferous tubules in the testes. Furthermore, the treatment with 20 mg/kg melatonin significantly increased sperm viability and sperm density in mice, while also promoting the expressions of melatonin receptor 1A and luteinizing hormone receptor in Leydig cells of BPA-treated mice. Significantly, melatonin reduced the level of malonaldehyde in testicular tissue and increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 1, superoxide dismutase 2, and catalase) as well as the content of glutathione. Moreover, melatonin also reduced the number of apoptotic Leydig cells and spermatogonia, aromatase expression, and estradiol level, while increasing the expression of steroid hormone synthases (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 family 17a1, cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/20-lyase, and, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) and the level of testosterone. Melatonin exhibited significant potential in alleviating testicular oxidative stress damage caused by BPA. These beneficial effects may be attributed to melatonin’s ability to enhance the antioxidant capacity of testicular tissue, promote testosterone synthesis, and reduce testicular cell apoptosis.
Efficacy and safety of Mazdutide on weight loss among diabetic and non-diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Nalisa David Lubasi , Cuboia Nelson , Dyab Eman , Jackson Idongesit Linus , Felix Habimana Jean , Shoki Pantaleon , Mubiana Mary , Oyedeji-Amusa Mariam , Azevedo Luís , Jiang Hongwei 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundOverweight and obesity are increasing global public health problems. Mazdutide is a new dual agonist drug that can potentially reduce weight and blood glucose levels simultaneously. However, the synthesis of evidence on the efficacy and safety of this drug is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize evidence on the efficacy and safety of Mazdutide compared to placebo on weight reduction among adults with and without diabetes.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data were retrieved from six electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrial.gov, and Google Scholar, and manually searched from the included references. The data were synthesized using a random effect model. This analysis was performed in the R programming language using the Meta package.ResultsA total of seven RCTs involving 680 participants were included in this study. Mazdutide was more effective in reducing body weight (mean difference [MD]= -6.22%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -8.02% to -4.41%, I2 = 90.0%), systolic blood pressure (MD = -7.57 mmHg, 95% CI: -11.17 to -3.98 mmHg, I2 = 46%), diastolic blood pressure (MD = -2.98 mmHg, 95% CI: -5.74 to -0.22 mmHg, I2 = 56%), total cholesterol (MD = -16.82%, 95% CI: -24.52 to -9.13%, I2 = 61%), triglycerides (MD = -43.29%, 95% CI: -61.57 to -25.01%, I2 = 68%), low-density lipoprotein (MD= -17.07%, 95% CI: -25.54 to -8.60%, I2 = 53%), and high-density lipoprotein (MD = -7.54%, 95% CI: -11.26 to -3.83%, I2 = 0%) than placebo. Mazdutide was associated with reduced hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose in participants with type 2 diabetes. In the subgroup and meta-regression analyses, weight reduction was more significant in non-diabetics compared to diabetics, and in those who received a longer treatment duration (24 weeks) than in those on shorter durations (12-20 weeks). Participants who received Mazdutide had a higher risk of transient mild or moderate gastrointestinal side effects.ConclusionMazdutite appears to be effective in weight reduction among patients with and without diabetes, and it has an advantage over other associated comorbidities. However, it was associated with mild or moderate gastrointestinal side effects.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=403859, identifier CRD42023403859.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide glycan epitopes recognized by bactericidal IgG antibodies elicited by the meningococcal group B-directed vaccine, MenB-4C
Authors: Tzeng Yih-Ling , Sannigrahi Soma , Borrow Ray , Stephens David S. 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionOuter membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Neisseria meningitidis in the group B-directed vaccine MenB-4C (BexseroR) protect against infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The immunological basis for protection remains unclear. N. meningitidis OMV vaccines generate human antibodies to N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide (LOS/endotoxin), but the structural specificity of these LOS antibodies is not defined.MethodsTen paired human sera obtained pre- and post-MenB-4C immunization were used in Western blots to probe N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae LOS. Post-MenB-4C sera (7v5, 19v5, and 17v5), representing individual human variability in LOS recognition, were then used to interrogate structurally defined LOSs of N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae strains and mutants and studied in bactericidal assays.Results and discussionPost-MenB-4C sera recognized both N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae LOS species, ~10% of total IgG to gonococcal OMV antigens. N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae LOSs were broadly recognized by post-IgG antibodies, but with individual variability for LOS structures. Deep truncation of LOS, specifically a rfaK mutant without α-, β-, or γ-chain glycosylation, eliminated LOS recognition by all post-vaccine sera. Serum 7v5 IgG antibodies recognized the unsialyated L1 α-chain, and a 3-PEA-HepII or 6-PEA-HepII was part of the conformational epitope. Replacing the 3-PEA on HepII with a 3-Glc blocked 7v5 IgG antibody recognition of N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae LOSs. Serum 19v5 recognized lactoneotetrose (LNT) or L1 LOS-expressing N. meningitidis or N. gonorrhoeae with a minimal α-chain structure of Gal-Glc-HepI (L8), a 3-PEA-HepII or 6-PEA-HepII was again part of the conformational epitope and a 3-Glc-HepII blocked 19v5 antibody binding. Serum 17v5 LOS antibodies recognized LNT or L1 α-chains with a minimal HepI structure of three sugars and no requirement for HepII modifications. These LOS antibodies contributed to the serum bactericidal activity against N. gonorrhoeae. The MenB-4C vaccination elicits bactericidal IgG antibodies to N. gonorrhoeae conformational epitopes involving HepI and HepII glycosylated LOS structures shared between N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae. LOS structures should be considered in next-generation gonococcal vaccine design.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of medication and its influencing factors among residents in western China: a large-scale cross-sectional study
Authors: Shi Hong-xia , Tan Xue , Shu Jian-qin , Zhou Jun , Dan Si-yuan , Yang Lin , Chen Ze-lian 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundThis study aimed to understand the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of drug use among residents in western China and its influencing factors for accurately designing the knowledge, contents, and methods of popular science activities for safe drug use among residents to provide a reference for conducting rational drug use educational activities and improving residents’ level of safe drug use.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the KAP of medication among western China residents and its influencing factors from March to April 2023. Each question option was assigned a score according to logic, and the risk factors for resident medication safety KAP were explored through univariate and logistic regression analyses.ResultsA total of 7,557 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 96.7%. The average scores of KAP were 72.77 ± 22.91, 32.89 ± 10.64, and 71.27 ± 19.09, respectively. In the evaluation criteria of the questionnaire, the score of medication knowledge reached “good,” and the score of attitude and practice was “average.” Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that male sex and low education level were significant factors affecting the lack of drug knowledge among residents. Old age and low education level were the factors of poor attitude toward medication. The low condition of medical security was a factor in residents’ irregular drug use behavior.ConclusionThe overall level of rational drug use among residents in western China is good, but there are still some inconsistencies. Rational drug use education should be conducted according to the risk points of residents in drug safety KAP to further improve the level of rational drug use of residents.