bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of mental health services and mood disorder disability pensions: a standard comparison of Finland’s three largest hospital districts
Authors: Karolaakso Tino , Autio Reija , Suontausta Petra , Leppänen Helena , Suokas Kimmo , Rissanen Päivi , Tuomisto Martti T. , Pirkola Sami 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Mental disorders are one of the most common and disabling health conditions worldwide. There is however no consensus on the best practice of system level mental health services (MHS) provision, in order to prevent e.g. mood disorder disability pensions (DPs). We analyzed the MHS provision between Finland’s three largest hospital districts Helsinki and Uusimaa (HUS), Southwest Finland and Pirkanmaa, with known differences in mood disorder DP risk but presumably equal rates of mood disorder prevalence.

Methods
We used public MHS data analyzed with the standardized DEscription and Evaluation of Services and DirectoriEs for Long Term Care (DESDE-LTC) mapping tool, focusing on all MHS, outpatient care provision, local services without and with gatekeeping, and centralized services. We also collected demographic data based on the European Socio-Demographic Schedule (ESDS). As a novel approach, the Gini-Simpson Diversity Index (GSDI) was calculated for the districts.

Results
Evident differences were observed regarding the districts’ MHS factors. As the hospital district with lower DP risk, HUS was characterized by the highest level of regional socioeconomic prosperity as well as high service richness and diversity. With a nationally average DP risk, Southwest Finland had the highest number of MHS personnel in full-time equivalents (FTE) per 100 000 inhabitants. Pirkanmaa, with a higher DP risk, had overall the lowest service richness and the lowest FTE of the three districts in all MHS, outpatient care and local services with gatekeeping.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that greater richness and diversity of MHS, especially in outpatient and community-based settings, may serve as indicators of a balanced, high-quality service system that is more effective in preventing mood disorder DP and meeting the different needs of the population. In addition, the need for sufficient resourcing in all MHS and outpatient services is indicated. We suggest using diversity indices to complement the measuring and reporting of regional service variation.
Investigation of critical factors influencing the underestimation of hearing loss predicted by the ISO 1999 predicting model
Authors: Li Fei , Xie Hong-wei , Su Shi-biao , Zou Hua , ZHou Li-Fang , Xu Qiu-Liang , Wei Fang , Zhang Mei-bian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
To analyze factors influencing the underestimation of noise-induced permanent threshold shift (NIPTS) among manufacturing workers, providing baseline data for revising noise exposure standard.

Design
A cross-sectional study was designed with 2702 noise-exposed workers from 35 enterprises from 10 industries. Personal noise exposure level(LAeq,8h) and noise kurtosis level were determined by a noise dosimeter. Questionnaires and hearing loss tests were performed for each subject. The predicted NIPTS was calculated using the ISO 1999:2013 model for each participant, and the actual measured NIPTS was corrected for age and sex. The factors influencing the underestimation of NIPTS were investigated.

Results
The predicted NIPTS at each test frequency (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 6kHz) and mean NIPTS at 2, 3, 4, and 6kHz (NIPTS2346) using the ISO 1999:2013 model were significantly lower than their corresponding measured NIPTS, respectively (P < 0.001). The ISO model significantly underestimated the NIPTS2346 by 12.36 dB HL. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that noise exposure level, exposure duration, age, and kurtosis could affect the degree of underestimation of NIPTS2346. The generalized additive model (GAM) with (penalized) spline components showed nonlinear relationships between critical factors (age, exposure duration, noise level, and kurtosis) and the underestimated NIPTS2346.The underestimated NIPTS2346 decreased with an increase in exposure duration (especially over ten years). There was no apparent trend in the underestimated NIPTS2346 with age. The underestimated NIPTS2346 decreased with the increased noise level [especially > 90 dB(A)]. The underestimated NIPTS2346 increased with an increase in noise kurtosis after adjusting for the noise exposure level and exposure duration and ultimately exhibiting a linear regression relationship.

Conclusions
The ISO 1999 predicting model significantly underestimated the noise-induced hearing loss among manufacturing workers. The degree of underestimation became more significant at the noise exposure condition of fewer than ten years, less than 90 dB(A), and higher kurtosis levels. It is necessary to apply kurtosis to adjust the underestimation of hearing loss and consider the applying condition of noise energy metrics when using the ISO predicting model.
A selective CB2R agonist (JWH133) protects against pulmonary fibrosis through inhibiting FAK/ERK/S100A4 signaling pathways
Authors: Wu Xiao , Chen Lina , Cheng Yiju , Zhang Yuquan , Yang Wenting , Pan Lin , Fu Chenkun , Zhu Honglan , Zhang Menglin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The combination of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and the type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) can activate various signal pathways, leading to distinct pathophysiological roles. This interaction has gained significant attention in recent research on fibrosis diseases. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) plays a crucial role in regulating signals from growth factor receptors and Integrins. It is also involved in the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. This study aims to investigate the impact of the CB2R agonist JWH133 on lung fibrosis and its potential to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in mice through the FAK pathway.

Methods
The C57 mice were categorized into five groups: control, BLM, BLM + JWH133, BLM + JWH133 + NC, and BLM + JWH133 + FAK groups.JWH133 was administered to mice individually or in conjunction with the FAK vector. After 21 days, pathological changes in mouse lung tissues, inflammatory factor levels, hydroxyproline levels, and collagen contents were evaluated. Moreover, the levels of the FAK/ERK/S100A4 pathway-related proteins were measured.

Results
JWH133 treatment decreased inflammatory factor levels, attenuated pathological changes, and reduced extracellular matrix accumulation in the mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis; however, these effects were reversed by FAK. JWH133 attenuated fibrosis by regulating the FAK/ERK/S100A4 pathway.

Conclusions
The results presented in this study show that JWH133 exerts a protective effect against pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the FAK/ERK/S100A4 pathway.Therefore, JWH133 holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis.
ADIPOQ gene (T45G and G276T) single nucleotide polymorphisms and their association with gestational diabetes mellitus in a Filipino population
Authors: Fernandez Larah Francesca A. , Pineda-Cortel Maria Ruth B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeveral studies have associated the presence of ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms with insulin resistance, adiponectin levels, and metabolic diseases such as diabetes, although with varying degrees of correlation depending on ethnicity. Here we aim to identify individual’s susceptibility to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the presence of T45G and G276T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ADIPOQ gene among Filipino pregnant women. A total of 285 pregnant women (95 GDM cases and 190 controls) were included in this study. Two ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms were genotyped using TaqMan assay. Results of SNP genotyping showed no significant differences in the frequencies of TT, TG and GG genotypes of T45G SNP between the GDM and control group [p = 1.0000, 0.6179, 0.5797; OR (95%CI) = 1.030 (0.582–1.874), 1.135 (0.683–1.828), 0.833 (0.481–1.420)]. Similarly, the frequencies of GG, GT, and TT genotypes of G276T SNP were comparable in both groups [p = 0.8002, 1.0000, 0.3466; OR (95%CI) = 1.090 (0.654–1.785), 1.022 (0.616–1.665), 0.433 (0.092–1.698)]. Moreover, although adiponectin levels were significantly decreased in GDM group (p = 0.0196) and have shown substantial negative correlations with FBS, 1-hour OGTT, 2-hour OGTT, and HOMA-IR (p < 0.05), they were not significantly different according to genotypes of T45G and G276T polymorphisms both in GDM and control group. Our results suggest that neither of the two ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms influence adiponectin levels and development of GDM in a Filipino population.
Effect of the prism-interprisms three-dimension spatial microstructure on the enamel bond strength
Authors: Wang Chaoyang , Xu Jianhao , Xu Jingqiu , Deng Songwen , Fu Baiping , Zhang Ling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe prism-interprisms level of the enamel hierarchical microstructure is the largest degree of structural variation and most sophisticated structural adaptation. We studied the effect of the prism-interprisms three-dimension spatial microstructure on the enamel bond strength. We prepared 11 groups of enamel segments: longitudinally sectioned segments with or without a 45-degree bevel (group = 2), horizontally sectioned segments with or without a 45-degree bevel of three regions (the incisal, middle, and cervical) (group = 6), and tangential (labial) sectioned segments of three regions (the incisal, middle, and cervical) (group = 3). The finished surface of each segment was observed by scanning electric microscopy (SEM) before treatment with four self-etch adhesive systems and applied with four corresponding composite resins. Resin-bonded enamel samples were prepared in beams for microtensile bond strength (MTBS) tests. The results were analyzed with a three-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc HSD multiple comparisons procedure. SEM observations revealed complex arrangements of prisms and interprisms. MTBS measurement showed that the longitudinally sectioned group had the lowest value, without significant differences between the groups with or without 45-degree bevel. Combining SEM observations and MTBS measurements, the prism-interprisms microstructure varied with the incisor regions, and different prism-interprisms microstructures allowed diverse sectioned surfaces, which could affect the enamel bonding.
How can peer teaching influence the development of medical students? a descriptive, longitudinal interview study
Authors: Avonts Marijke , Bombeke Katrien , Michels Nele R. , Vanderveken Olivier M. , De Winter Benedicte Y. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Peer-assisted learning (PAL) – where students take up a teaching role at an early stage of their training—is widely used in medical curricula. Many qualitative studies have investigated the perceptions and benefits of PAL, but no studies have longitudinally explored how peer teachers experienced their development. This could allow for a better understanding of PAL. In this study, we explored the perceived impact of being a peer teacher on the development of personal and professional competencies as a medical student.

Methods
We longitudinally conducted semi-structured interviews with peer teachers, during their 2-year teaching period in the skills lab at the University of Antwerp and applied descriptive thematic analysis.

Results
In total we gathered 47 interviews in 13 peer teachers (9 female, 4 male,. 1–7 interviews each). Peer teachers reported an increase in self-confidence, which gradually transformed into self-efficacy in clinical and teaching skills., Participants told us to be inspired by the previous generation of peer teachers. Their motivation shifted from personal benefits to benefiting others while becoming a role model themselves. The peer teachers illustrated how they developed maturity by integrating different CanMEDS roles. They grew in reflection, changed/transformed an initial mark-driven study drive into more patient-centered ambitions, and started developing a personal style.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that being a peer teacher leads to more self-efficacy, in clinical and teaching skills, to become a role model with as motivation to benefit others and to grow towards a good doctor maturity. Although the task is to teach peers, this opportunity nurtures the practice and integration of various CanMEDS roles, not only that of scholar but also communicator, collaborator and leader, thereby positively influencing their personal and professional development and their identity as a doctor (professional role).
A systematic scientometric review of paternal inheritance of acquired metabolic traits
Authors: Crisóstomo Luís , Oliveira Pedro F. , Alves Marco G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The concept of the inheritance of acquired traits, a foundational principle of Lamarck’s evolutionary theory, has garnered renewed attention in recent years. Evidence for this phenomenon remained limited for decades but gained prominence with the Överkalix cohort study in 2002. This study revealed a link between cardiovascular disease incidence and the food availability experienced by individuals’ grandparents during their slow growth periods, reigniting interest in the inheritance of acquired traits, particularly in the context of non-communicable diseases. This scientometric analysis and systematic review comprehensively explores the current landscape of paternally transmitted acquired metabolic traits.

Results
Utilizing Scopus Advanced search and meticulous screening, we included mammalian studies that document the inheritance or modification of metabolic traits in subsequent generations of unexposed descendants. Our inclusive criteria encompass intergenerational and transgenerational studies, as well as multigenerational exposures. Predominantly, this field has been driven by a select group of researchers, potentially shaping the design and focus of existing studies. Consequently, the literature primarily comprises transgenerational rodent investigations into the effects of ancestral exposure to environmental pollutants on sperm DNA methylation. The complexity and volume of data often lead to multiple or redundant publications. This practice, while understandable, may obscure the true extent of the impact of ancestral exposures on the health of non-exposed descendants. In addition to DNA methylation, studies have illuminated the role of sperm RNAs and histone marks in paternally acquired metabolic disorders, expanding our understanding of the mechanisms underlying epigenetic inheritance.

Conclusions
This review serves as a comprehensive resource, shedding light on the current state of research in this critical area of science, and underscores the need for continued exploration to uncover the full spectrum of paternally mediated metabolic inheritance.
A quantitative evaluation of the impact of vaccine roll-out rate and coverage on reducing deaths: insights from the first 2 years of COVID-19 epidemic in Iran
Authors: Ghafari Mahan , Hosseinpour Sepanta , Rezaee-Zavareh Mohammad Saeid , Dascalu Stefan , Rostamian Somayeh , Aramesh Kiarash , Madani Kaveh , Kordasti Shahram 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Vaccination has played a pivotal role in reducing the burden of COVID-19. Despite numerous studies highlighting its benefits in reducing the risk of severe disease and death, we still lack a quantitative understanding of how varying vaccination roll-out rates influence COVID-19 mortality.

Methods
We developed a framework for estimating the number of avertable COVID-19 deaths (ACDs) by vaccination in Iran. To achieve this, we compared Iran’s vaccination roll-out rates with those of eight model countries that predominantly used inactivated virus vaccines. We calculated net differences in the number of fully vaccinated individuals under counterfactual scenarios where Iran’s per-capita roll-out rate was replaced with that of the model countries. This, in turn, enabled us to determine age specific ACDs for the Iranian population under counterfactual scenarios where number of COVID-19 deaths are estimated using all-cause mortality data. These estimates covered the period from the start of 2020 to 20 April 2022.

Results
We found that while Iran would have had an approximately similar number of fully vaccinated individuals under counterfactual roll-out rates based on Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Turkey (~ 65–70%), adopting Turkey’s roll-out rates could have averted 50,000 (95% confidence interval: 38,100–53,500) additional deaths, while following Bangladesh’s rates may have resulted in 52,800 (17,400–189,500) more fatalities in Iran. Surprisingly, mimicking Argentina’s slower roll-out led to only 12,600 (10,400–13,300) fewer deaths, despite a higher counterfactual percentage of fully vaccinated individuals (~ 79%). Emulating Montenegro or Bolivia, with faster per capita roll-out rates and approximately 50% counterfactual full vaccination, could have prevented more deaths in older age groups, especially during the early waves. Finally, replicating Bahrain’s model as an upper-bound benchmark, Iran could have averted 75,300 (56,000–83,000) deaths, primarily in the > 50 age groups.

Conclusions
Our analysis revealed that faster roll-outs were consistently associated with higher numbers of averted deaths, even in scenarios with lower overall coverage. This study offers valuable insights into future decision-making regarding infectious disease epidemic management through vaccination strategies. It accomplishes this by comparing various countries’ relative performance in terms of timing, pace, and vaccination coverage, ultimately contributing to the prevention of COVID-19-related deaths.
OGM and WES identifies translocation breakpoints in PKD1 gene in an polycystic kidney patient and healthy baby delivered using PGT
Authors: Xu Peiwen , Wang Lijuan , Li Jing , Huang Sexin , Gao Ming , Kang Ranran , Li Jie , Xie Hongqiang , Liu Xiaowei , Yan Junhao , Gao Xuan , Gao Yuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common autosomal dominant genetic diseases. Whole exome sequencing (WES) is a routine tool for diagnostic confirmation of genetic diseases, and it is usually performed to confirm the clinical diagnosis in ADPKD. Reciprocal translocation is the most common chromosomal structural abnormalities and most of its carriers have normal phenotypes until they are encountered infertility problems in adulthood. However, for the polycystic kidney disease caused by abnormal chromosome structure, WES is difficult to achieve the purpose of gene diagnosis.

Methods
ADPKD-related genes were detected by WES; Chromosomal karyotyping and Optical Genome Mapping (OGM) were used to detect structural variant; The genomic break-point locations and the abnormal splicing were detected by reverse transcription-PCR and Sanger sequencing; The karyomapping gene chip and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) were performed to screen aneuploidy and to distinguish the non-carrier embryos from the carrier embryos.

Results
No pathogenic variant was found after the first round of WES analysis. Karyotyping data showed 46, XX, t (16; 17) (p13.3; q21.3). With the help of OGM, the translocation breakpoint on chromosome 16 was located within the PKD1 gene. With re-analysis of WES raw data, the breakpoint of translocation was verified to be located at the c.10618 + 3 of PKD1 gene. Based on this molecular diagnosis, a non-carrier embryo was selected out from three blastocysts. With preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) after in vitro fertilization (IVF), it was then transferred into uterus. With confirmation by prenatal and postnatal testing, the pedigree delivered a healthy baby.

Conclusion
We identified a case of ADPKD caused by balanced translocation and assisted the patient to have a healthy child. When the phenotype was closely related with a monogenic disease and the WES analysis was negative, chromosomal structural analysis would be recommended for further genetic diagnosis. Based on the precision diagnosis, preventing the recurrence of hereditary diseases in offspring would be reachable.
IGFBP2 drives epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma via activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Chen Xiu , Zhang Yu , Zhang Pingping , Wei Mengzhu , Tian Tian , Guan Yanling , Han Chenchen , Wei Wei , Ma Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetastasis has emerged as a major impediment to achieve successful therapeutic outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nonetheless, the intricate molecular mechanisms governing the progression of HCC remain elusive. Herein, we present evidence highlighting the influence exerted by insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) as a potent oncogene driving the malignant phenotype. Our investigation reveals a marked elevation of IGFBP2 expression in primary tumors, concomitant with the presence of mesenchymal biomarkers in HCC. Through in vitro and in vivo experimentation, we demonstrate that the overexpression of IGFBP2 expedites the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and facilitates the metastatic potential of HCC cells, chiefly mediated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Notably, knockdown of IGFBP2 significantly decreased the expression of total and nuclear β-catenin, N-cadherin and vimentin in the treatment of the specific activator of Wnt/β-catenin CHIR-99021. Collectively, our findings identify IGFBP2 as a pivotal regulator within the HCC EMT axis, whereby its overexpression confers the distinctly aggressive clinical features characteristic of the disease.