bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘One child, two schools’: Teachers' perspectives on the dual enrolment of students with disabilities in private special and inclusive schools in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Ali Mahra Saeed Haj , Opoku Maxwell Peprah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere are efforts being taken to provide students with disabilities access to education in a dual context, namely, some days at inclusive schools and others at special schools. However, there is limited information regarding how teachers are contending with such practices. This study explored teachers' perceptions of students with disabilities' education in the dual enrolment education system of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Specifically, the social education model was conceptualised to understand teachers' perceptions, collaborative efforts, resources and challenges in terms of dual enrolment practices. The study's sample consisted of 10 teachers at private schools, consisting of five special education teachers and five general education teachers, recruited from Al Ain, the third largest city in the UAE. Despite the participants' positive responses concerning dual enrolment, the results showed the system's poor implementation for students with disabilities. This was the result of a lack of collaboration, communication and a shared plan to support the development of children with disabilities across schools. This study concludes by recommending a national framework to guide the implementation of a dual enrolment system in the UAE.
An assessment of South African small mammal barcode sequence libraries: Implications for future carnivore diet analyses by DNA
Authors: Siziba Vimbai I. , Willows‐Munro Sandi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDNA metabarcoding requires reference libraries that link DNA sequences to species. Mitochondrial gene regions cytochrome c oxidase I (COI), 12S ribosomal RNA (12S rRNA), 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA), cytochrome b (cyt b) and the hypervariable control region (D‐loop) are routinely used in studies that measure genetic diversity in animal species. This study aimed to review the state of DNA reference libraries for small South African mammals as small mammals constitute a large portion of small and medium carnivore diet. Analyses of DNA records revealed that of 193 small mammal species in South Africa, only 141 have DNA sequences available for one or more of the mitochondrial genes examined. Cyt b had the highest species coverage, with 59.1% of South African species represented in the reference libraries. COI only has 33.7%, 12S rRNA has 23.8%, D‐loop has 17.6%, and 16S rRNA has the lowest species coverage of 15%. This study supports the use of multiple gene regions when performing scat metabarcoding, particularly when wanting to determine the small mammal component of the diet. Additionally, it emphasises the need to build comprehensive DNA reference libraries linking sequences to taxonomically identified species.
Systematic review and meta‐analyses on the accuracy of diagnostic tests for IgE‐mediated food allergy
Authors: Riggioni Carmen , Ricci Cristian , Moya Beatriz , Wong Dominic , van Goor Evi , Bartha Irene , Buyuktiryaki Betul , Giovannini Mattia , Jayasinghe Sashini , Jaumdally Hannah , Marques‐Mejias Andreina , Piletta‐Zanin Alexandre , Berbenyuk Anna , Andreeva Margarita , Levina Daria , Iakovleva Ekaterina , Roberts Graham , Chu Derek , Peters Rachel , du Toit George , Skypala Isabel , Santos Alexandra F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is updating the Guidelines on Food Allergy Diagnosis. We aimed to undertake a systematic review of the literature with meta‐analyses to assess the accuracy of diagnostic tests for IgE‐mediated food allergy. We searched three databases (Cochrane CENTRAL (Trials), MEDLINE (OVID) and Embase (OVID)) for diagnostic test accuracy studies published between 1 October 2012 and 30 June 2021 according to a previously published protocol (CRD42021259186). We independently screened abstracts, extracted data from full texts and assessed risk of bias with QUADRAS 2 tool in duplicate. Meta‐analyses were undertaken for food‐test combinations for which three or more studies were available. A total of 149 studies comprising 24,489 patients met the inclusion criteria and they were generally heterogeneous. 60.4% of studies were in children ≤12 years of age, 54.3% were undertaken in Europe, ≥95% were conducted in a specialized paediatric or allergy clinical setting and all included oral food challenge in at least a percentage of enrolled patients, in 21.5% double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenges. Skin prick test (SPT) with fresh cow's milk and raw egg had high sensitivity (90% and 94%) for milk and cooked egg allergies. Specific IgE (sIgE) to individual components had high specificity: Ara h 2‐sIgE had 92%, Cor a 14‐sIgE 95%, Ana o 3‐sIgE 94%, casein‐sIgE 93%, ovomucoid‐sIgE 92/91% for the diagnosis of peanut, hazelnut, cashew, cow's milk and raw/cooked egg allergies, respectively. The basophil activation test (BAT) was highly specific for the diagnosis of peanut (90%) and sesame (93%) allergies. In conclusion, SPT and specific IgE to extracts had high sensitivity whereas specific IgE to components and BAT had high specificity to support the diagnosis of individual food allergies.
The role of pairwise matching in experimental design for an incidence outcome
Authors: Kapelner Adam , Krieger Abba M. , Azriel David 
Published: November 2023

SummaryWe consider the problem of evaluating designs for a two‐arm randomised experiment with an incidence (binary) outcome under a non‐parametric general response model. Our two main results are that the a priori pair matching design is (1) the optimal design as measured by mean squared error among all block designs which includes complete randomisation. And (2), this pair‐matching design is minimax, that is, it provides the lowest mean squared error under an adversarial response model. Theoretical results are supported by simulations and clinical trial data where we demonstrate the superior performance of pairwise matching designs under realistic conditions.
The Danish child and parent Gait Outcomes Assessment List questionnaires were reliable and valid for cerebral palsy
Authors: Nordbye‐Nielsen Kirsten , Maribo Thomas , Rahbek Ole , Narayanan Unni , Møller‐Madsen Bjarne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimWe investigated the reliability and validity of the Danish child and parent versions of the Gait Outcomes Assessment List (GOAL) questionnaires for ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsTranslation and cultural adaptations were performed and content validity evaluated. Participants were enrolled between 2016 and 2018 from Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Children and parents completed the GOAL questionnaires twice for test–retest reliability. Discriminative validity was evaluated by comparing the child and parent GOAL scores between children with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I and II. The concurrent validity of the GOAL questionnaires were investigated by comparing them with Challenge‐20, which assesses motor skills in children with CP.ResultsWe studied 59 children (57% boys) with CP and GMFCS I‐II at a mean age of 10.6 years. Test–retest intra‐class correlations were excellent for the children (0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83–0.96) and good for the parents (0.83, 95% CI 0.67–0.91). GOAL scores decreased with increasing GMFCS (p < 0.05). Both versions correlated well. The mean children's scores were significantly (6.2/100) higher than the parents' (p < 0.001). The GOAL scores correlated positively with Challenge‐20.ConclusionThe Danish GOAL child and parent questionnaires demonstrated good reliability and content and discriminative and concurrent validity.
Role of bradykinin and prostaglandin EP4 receptors in regulating TRPV1 channel sensitization in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons
Authors: Aldossary Sara A. , Alsalem Mohammad , Grubb Blair D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTransient receptor potential vanilloid type‐1 (TRPV1) channels play key roles in chronic pain conditions and are modulated by different inflammatory mediators to elicit heat sensitisation. Bradykinin is a 9‐amino acid peptide chain that promotes inflammation. The aim of present study is to investigate how bradykinin and prostaglandin receptors (EP3 and EP4) modulate the sensitisation of TRPV1‐mediated responses. Calcium imaging studies of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were employed to investigate the desensitizing responses of TRPV1 ion channels by capsaicin, and the re‐sensitization of TRPV1 by bradykinin, then to explore the role EP3 and EP4 receptors in mediating these bradykinin‐dependent effects. Immunocytochemistry was used to study the co‐expression and distribution of EP4, TRPV1, COX‐1 and B2 in rat DRG neurons. Desensitization was seen upon repeated capsaicin application, we show that bradykinin‐mediated sensitization of capsaicin‐evoked calcium responses in rat DRG neurons occurs is dependent on COX‐1 activity and utilizes a pathway that involves EP4 but not EP3 receptors. Immunocytochemical techniques revealed that EP4, TRPV1, COX‐1 and B2 proteins are expressed mainly in small diameter (<1000 μm2) cell bodies of rat DRG neurons which are typically nociceptors. The present study provides suggestive evidence for a potential signalling pathway through which bradykinin may regulate TRPV1 ion channel function via EP4 receptors. In addition to confirming existing knowledge, the anatomical distribution and colocalization of these proteins in DRG neurons as revealed by this study offer valuable insight.
Association of ABO and Rhesus blood groups with severe outcomes from non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 respiratory infection: A prospective observational cohort study in Bristol, UK 2020–2022
Authors: Hathaway Alice , Qian George , King Jade , McGuinness Serena , Maskell Nick , Oliver Jennifer , Finn Adam , Danon Leon , Challen Robert , Toye Ashley M. , Hyams Catherine ,   the Avon CAP Research Group
Published: November 2023

SummaryDespite significant global morbidity associated with respiratory infection, there is a paucity of data examining the association between severity of non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 respiratory infection and blood group. We analysed a prospective cohort of adults hospitalised in Bristol, UK, from 1 August 2020 to 31 July 2022, including patients with acute respiratory infection (pneumonia [n = 1934] and non‐pneumonic lower respiratory tract infection [NP‐LRTI] [n = 1184]), a negative SARS‐CoV‐2 test and known blood group status. The likelihood of cardiovascular complication, survival and hospital admission length was assessed using regression models with group O and RhD‐negative status as reference groups. Group A and RhD‐positive were over‐represented in both pneumonia and NP‐LRTI compared to a first‐time donor population (p < 0.05 in all); contrastingly, group O was under‐represented. ABO group did not influence cardiovascular complication risk; however, RhD‐positive patients with pneumonia had a reduced odds ratio (OR) for cardiovascular complications (OR = 0.77 [95% CI = 0.59–0.98]). Compared to group O, group A individuals with NP‐LRTI were more likely to be discharged within 60 days (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.17 [95% CI = 1.03–1.33]), while group B with pneumonia was less likely (HR = 0.8 [95% CI = 0.66–0.96]). This analysis provides some evidence that blood group status may influence clinical outcome following respiratory infection, with group A having increased risk of hospitalisation and RhD‐positive patients having reduced cardiovascular complications.
Identification of a 2‐phenylthiazole derivative acetylcholinesterase modulator with in vitro antitumor activity in breast cancer cells
Authors: Shi Xiao , Liu Peng , Ma Yanyan , Li Mingyuan , Zhang Zhenyu , Zhang Xinyue , Shi Dahua , Si Xinxin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcetylcholinesterase (AchE) is a serine hydrolase with classical function to degrade acetylcholine and terminate neurotransmission. While “nonclassical” functions of AchE were involved in cell growth, death, invasion, etc. The expression and activity of AchE is changed in tumors, suggesting AChE inhibitors (AchEIs) may serve as potential antitumor drugs. In this study, the antitumor activity of a series of 2‐phenylthiazole derivatives originally designed and synthesized as AchEIs were investigated. One compound named A6, was screened out with superior antitumor efficacy, especially against breast cancer MCF‐7 cells. A6 significantly disrupted the amino acid metabolism and inhibited migration of MCF‐7. In addition, A6 induced apoptosis of MCF‐7 cells. To clarify how A6 affected on MCF‐7 cells, RNA‐seq analysis was conducted to evaluate the whole genome effect of A6 on gene expression. A total of 153 genes were increased, and the expression of 81 genes was decreased. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed A6 treatment mainly disrupted sterol/cholesterol pathway, Ras signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, etc. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis and cell viability test showed A6 plays anticancer role by regulating Best1 and HIST1H2BJ. These results indicate that AchEI A6 could be a potential antitumor agent for breast cancer patients and could help the development of novel therapies.
Echocardiography in Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion and Related Complications
Authors: Thakker Ravi , Faluk Mohammed Ali , Modi Shreyas , Ahmad Masood 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a devastating disease with a large global prevalence. The left atrial appendage (LAA) is a major source of thrombi in patients with AF. Echocardiography plays an important role in identifying LAA thrombi and has become an invaluable imaging tool in planning for LAA occlusion (LAAO) in patients intolerant to anticoagulation. This review article will discuss the role of echocardiography in selecting patients for LAAO, intraprocedural monitoring, and identifying procedure‐related complications.
Limited association between Wolbachia and Plasmodium falciparum infections in natural populations of the major malaria mosquito Anopheles moucheti
Authors: Mouillaud Théo , Berger Audric , Buysse Marie , Rahola Nil , Daron Josquin , Agbor Jean‐Pierre , Sango Sandrine N. , Neafsey Daniel E. , Duron Olivier , Ayala Diego 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince the discovery of natural malaria vector populations infected by the endosymbiont bacterium Wolbachia, a renewed interest has arisen for using this bacterium as an alternative for malaria control. Among naturally infected mosquitoes, Anopheles moucheti, a major malaria mosquito in Central Africa, exhibits one of the highest prevalences of Wolbachia infection. To better understand whether this maternally inherited bacterium could be used for malaria control, we investigated Wolbachia influence in An. moucheti populations naturally infected by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. To this end, we collected mosquitoes in a village from Cameroon, Central Africa, where this mosquito is the main malaria vector. We found that the prevalence of Wolbachia bacterium was almost fixed in the studied mosquito population, and was higher than previously recorded. We also quantified Wolbachia in whole mosquitoes and dissected abdomens, confirming that the bacterium is also elsewhere than in the abdomen, but at lower density. Finally, we analyzed the association of Wolbachia presence and density on P. falciparum infection. Wolbachia density was slightly higher in mosquitoes infected with the malaria parasite than in uninfected mosquitoes. However, we observed no correlation between the P. falciparum and Wolbachia densities. In conclusion, our study indicates that naturally occurring Wolbachia infection is not associated to P. falciparum development within An. moucheti mosquitoes.
NTNH protein: more than a bodyguard for botulinum neurotoxins
Authors: Gao Linfeng , Jin Rongsheng 
Published: November 2023

As one of the most fatal substances, botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) have never acted solo to accomplish their formidable missions. Most notably, nontoxic nonhemagglutinin (NTNH), a protein co‐secreted with BoNT by bacteria, plays critical roles to stabilize and protect BoNT by tightly associating with it to form the minimal progenitor toxin complex (M‐PTC). A new cryo‐EM structure of the M‐PTC of a BoNT‐like toxin from Weissella oryzae (BoNT/Wo) reveals similar assembly modes between M‐PTC/Wo and that of other BoNTs, yet also reveals some unique structural features of NTNH/Wo. These findings shed new light on the potential versatile roles of NTNH during BoNT intoxication.
Impact of food matrix components on the physicochemical properties, release properties and bioaccessibility of unencapsulated and encapsulated vitexin
Authors: Peanparkdee Methavee , Yooying Ratchadaporn , Sae‐tan Sudathip 
Published: November 2023

SummaryMung bean seed coat extract (ME), rich in antioxidants such as vitexin and iso‐vitexin, was encapsulated in egg yolk phosphatidylcholine to enhance its bioaccessibility and expand its application in food products. This study investigated the effect of the food matrix on the physical properties, chemical properties and release properties of bioactive compounds during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and analysed the morphology and chemical interactions of the samples. The ME and mung bean seed coat extract‐loaded phytosome particles (PS) were incorporated with four types of food ingredients including whey protein isolate, rice flour, butter and mixed ingredients. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity measured using DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were detected in ME incorporated with whey protein isolate. PS incorporated with butter gave the highest values of TPC, DPPH and FRAP. After simulated intestinal digestion, ME incorporated with whey protein isolate gave the highest TPC, while the highest DPPH and FRAP values were found in ME incorporated with rice flour. Higher values of TPC, DPPH and FRAP were observed when PS was incorporated with all types of food ingredients compared to PS alone. Results suggested that the addition of PS enhanced the bioaccessibility of food ingredients.
Comparative effectiveness of etanercept originator and biosimilar for treating rheumatoid arthritis: implications for cost‐savings
Authors: Deakin Claire T. , Littlejohn Geoffrey O. , Griffiths Hedley , Ciciriello Sabina , O'Sullivan Catherine , Smith Tegan , Youssef Peter , Bird Paul ,   the OPAL consortium
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThis study aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of the etanercept (ETN) originator (Enbrel) and ETN biosimilar SB4 (Brenzys) as first‐line treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while also exploring the potential cost‐savings associated with this approach in Australia.MethodsClinical data were obtained from the Optimising Patient outcomes in rheumatoLogy Australian real‐world data set. Adult patients with RA who had initiated treatment with the ETN originator or biosimilar as their first‐recorded biologic or targeted synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug between 1 April 2017 and 31 December 2020 were included. Treatment persistence was analysed using survival analysis. Cost‐savings were estimated based on data reported by the Australian National Prescribing Service MedicineWise.ResultsPropensity score matching followed by inverse probability of treatment weighting selected patients taking originator (n = 209) or biosimilar (n = 141) with similar baseline characteristics and eliminated small differences in baseline disease activity. The median time for 50% of the patients to stop treatment was 19.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.7–36.4 months) for the originator and 22.4 months (95% CI, 15.0–33.1 months) for the biosimilar (P = 0.95). As a result of pricing policies established by the Australian Government, introduction of the ETN biosimilar would have resulted in a cost‐savings of over AU$9.5 million for 1 year of treatment for the patients reported in this study.ConclusionTreatment persistence using either ETN originator or biosimilar was similar. The cost of all brands of ETN markedly reduced upon listing of the ETN biosimilar, resulting in significant savings for the Australian Government.
Should performance at different race lengths be treated as genetically distinct traits in Coldblooded trotters?
Authors: Berglund Paulina , Andonov Sreten , Strandberg Erling , Eriksson Susanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSpeed, in the form of racing time per kilometre (km), is a performance trait of the Swedish–Norwegian Coldblooded trotter included in the joint Swedish–Norwegian genetic evaluation. A few popular stallions have dominated Coldblooded trotter breeding, which has led to an increasing average relationship between individuals in the population. This study investigated the scope for broadening the breeding goal by selecting for racing time per km over different race lengths (short: 1640 m, medium: 2140 m and long: 2640 m), as this could encourage the use of breeding sires that are less related to the population. Performance data on three‐ to 12‐year‐old Coldblooded trotters in all Swedish races run 1995–2021 were obtained from the Swedish Trotting Association. These data consisted of 46,356 observations for 8375 horses in short‐distance races, 430,512 observations for 11,193 horses in medium‐distance races and 11,006 observations for 3341 horses in long‐distance races. Variance components and genetic correlations were calculated using a trivariate animal model with Gibbs sampling from the BLUPF90 suite of programs. Breeding values for the three traits were then estimated using univariate animal models with the same fixed and random effects as in the trivariate model. Heritability estimates of 0.27–0.28 and genetic correlations between racing time per km at the different distances of 0.97–0.99 were obtained. Despite the strong genetic correlation between the traits, there was some re‐ranking among the top 10 and top 30 stallions based on distance‐specific breeding values. Estimated rank correlation between breeding values for racing time per km in short‐ and medium‐distance races was 0.86, while between short‐ and long‐distance races and between medium‐ and long‐distance races it was 0.61. Mean relationship within the top 10 and top 30 stallions based on breeding values for racing time per km at each distance was 0.31–0.33 and 0.23–0.24 while mean relationship to the rest of the population ranged from 0.17 to 0.18 for all groups, although the 10 and 30 top‐ranking stallions differed somewhat in the traits. Estimated average increase in inbreeding was 0.1% per year of birth and 1.2% per generation. The strong genetic correlation between racing time per km at different distances did not support their use as genetically distinct traits. Re‐ranking of stallions for racing time per km at different race lengths could favour the use of a larger number of stallions in breeding, but according to our results it would not promote the use of stallions that are less related to the total population. Other traits like longevity or health traits, for example, career length and orthopaedic status, may be more relevant in broadening the breeding goal and preventing a few sires dominating future breeding, and this would be interesting to study further.