bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smartphone based colorimetric point-of-care sensor for abused drugs: case of baclofen determination in urine
Authors: Abd el-Aziz Mariam O. , Nadim Ahmed H. , Monir Hany H. , Nebsen M. , Younis Sameh E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs a GABA-β receptor agonist, the central muscle relaxant Baclofen (BAC) has a potential of abuse. Unfortunately, the sense of wellbeing and pleasure is obtained at very high BAC doses. This is associated with many life-threating or even fatal cases due to neurological and respiratory failures. Moreover, having narrow therapeutic index makes BAC a high-risk drug. This is potentiated in case of long-treatment regimen or off-label use in smoking and alcohol cessation protocols. Until now, there is no rapid diagnostic test available for BAC screening. Therefore; It is quite difficult to routinely monitor cases on BAC regimen. On the other hand, smartphone-based colorimetric point of care testing (POCT) is displacing conventional analytical approaches in the detection and assay of abused drugs as well as therapeutic drug monitoring. It offers on-site, rapid, easy, affordable and interpretable analysis. Incorporating smartphone as a portable device facilitates its application, especially in remote areas and low-income countries. For the first time, the current work presents a smartphone-based colorimetric POCT for BAC analysis in urine without interference from urine matrix. It depends on BAC reaction with naphthoquinone sulfonate (NQS) in highly alkaline aqueous medium. The developed color was captured in a customized photo box using smartphone camera. Then, intensity of the blue channel was measured by a software application “Color Analyzer”. All parameters were optimized with respect to the colorimetric reaction, photographing and smartphone-based analysis. All parameters were successfully investigated according to FDA guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. Also, all POCT criteria were considered as per WHO requirements. This method could determine BAC, linearly, from 0.02 to 0.21 mmol L−1 in urine. Moreover, LLOQ was lower than the expected BAC therapeutic concentrations in urine. The proposed method proved high reliability and suitability to analyze BAC in urine. This strongly recommends its routine application in screening BAC abusers and BAC therapeutic monitoring.
Graphical Abstract
Plasma proteomics-based biomarkers for predicting response to mesenchymal stem cell therapy in severe COVID-19
Authors: Li Tian-Tian , Yao Wei-Qi , Dong Hai-Bo , Wang Ze-Rui , Zhang Zi-Ying , Yuan Meng-Qi , Shi Lei , Wang Fu-Sheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to identify potential biomarkers for predicting response to MSC therapy by pre-MSC treatment plasma proteomic profile in severe COVID-19 in order to optimize treatment choice.

Methods
A total of 58 patients selected from our previous RCT cohort were enrolled in this study. MSC responders (n = 35) were defined as whose resolution of lung consolidation ≥ 51.99% (the median value for resolution of lung consolidation) from pre-MSC to 28 days post-MSC treatment, while non-responders (n = 23) were defined as whose resolution of lung consolidation < 51.99%. Plasma before MSC treatment was detected using data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify pre-MSC treatment plasma proteomic biomarkers that might distinguish between responders and non-responders to MSC therapy.

Results
In total, 1101 proteins were identified in plasma. Compared with the non-responders, the responders had three upregulated proteins (CSPG2, CTRB1, and OSCAR) and 10 downregulated proteins (ANXA1, AGRG6, CAPG, DDX55, KV133, LEG10, OXSR1, PICAL, PTGDS, and S100A8) in plasma before MSC treatment. Using logistic regression model, lower levels of DDX55, AGRG6, PICAL, and ANXA1 and higher levels of CTRB1 pre-MSC treatment were predictors of responders to MSC therapy, with AUC of the ROC at 0.910 (95% CI 0.818–1.000) in the training set. In the validation set, AUC of the ROC was 0.767 (95% CI 0.459–1.000).

Conclusions
The responsiveness to MSC therapy appears to depend on baseline level of DDX55, AGRG6, PICAL, CTRB1, and ANXA1. Clinicians should take these factors into consideration when making decision to initiate MSC therapy in patients with severe COVID-19.
ProNGF promotes brain metastasis through TrkA/EphA2 induced Src activation in triple negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Cicero Julien , Trouvilliez Sarah , Palma Martine , Ternier Gaetan , Decoster Laurine , Happernegg Eloise , Barois Nicolas , Van Outryve Alexandre , Dehouck Lucie , Bourette Roland P. , Adriaenssens Eric , Lagadec Chann , Tarhan Cagatay Mehmet , Collard Dominique , Souguir Zied , Vandenhaute Elodie , Maubon Grégory , Sipieter François , Borghi Nicolas , Shimizu Fumitaka , Kanda Takashi , Giacobini Paolo , Gosselet Fabien , Maubon Nathalie , Le Bourhis Xuefen , Van Seuningen Isabelle , Mysiorek Caroline , Toillon Robert-Alain 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer is particularly aggressive, and its metastasis to the brain has a significant psychological impact on patients' quality of life, in addition to reducing survival. The development of brain metastases is particularly harmful in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). To date, the mechanisms that induce brain metastasis in TNBC are poorly understood.

Methods
Using a human blood–brain barrier (BBB) in vitro model, an in vitro 3D organotypic extracellular matrix, an ex vivo mouse brain slices co-culture and in an in vivo xenograft experiment, key step of brain metastasis were recapitulated to study TNBC behaviors.

Results
In this study, we demonstrated for the first time the involvement of the precursor of Nerve Growth Factor (proNGF) in the development of brain metastasis. More importantly, our results showed that proNGF acts through TrkA independent of its phosphorylation to induce brain metastasis in TNBC. In addition, we found that proNGF induces BBB transmigration through the TrkA/EphA2 signaling complex. More importantly, our results showed that combinatorial inhibition of TrkA and EphA2 decreased TBNC brain metastasis in a preclinical model.

Conclusions
These disruptive findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying brain metastasis with proNGF as a driver of brain metastasis of TNBC and identify TrkA/EphA2 complex as a potential therapeutic target.
Mental health professionals’ perspectives on the relevance of religion and spirituality to mental health care
Authors: Vieten Cassandra , Oxhandler Holly K. , Pearce Michelle , Fry Nina , Tanega Chloe , Pargament Kenneth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
A large body of evidence indicates that spiritual and religious backgrounds, beliefs, and practices (SRBBPs) are related to better psychological health. Spirituality and religion (R/S) are also important aspects of multicultural diversity. There is evidence that clients would like to talk about their spirituality, and that including it in assessment and treatment planning can be beneficial. However, the extent to which practicing mental health professionals view SRBBPs as relevant to mental health and clinical practice is unclear.

Methods
A survey examining several aspects of addressing SRBBPs in clinical practice was distributed to 894 professionals across mental health disciplines, including psychiatry, psychology, social work, marriage family therapy, licensed professional counselors, certified chemical dependency counselors, and psychiatric mental health nurses.

Results
89% of mental health professionals agreed that clinicians should receive training in R/S competencies. There were no differences between mental health disciplines in ratings of importance of such training. Younger individuals and those who identify as more spiritual were more likely to consider R/S training as important. Although 47.1% of professionals had not received much R/S training, many perceived themselves to be highly competent in R/S clinical integration practices (57.8% considered themselves able to display them very much or completely). In addition, respondents with more R/S training evaluated themselves as more proficient in R/S clinical integration. Nearly two-thirds (65.2%) of respondents reported encountering few to no barriers to engaging in R/S competent mental health care.

Conclusions
There is a growing consensus among mental health care professionals that mental health professionals should be trained in R/S competencies. Strong agreement exists that basic R/S competencies include respect, empathy, examination of bias, and routine assessment of R/S in mental health care. Four in five of those surveyed agree that more active competencies, such as identifying and addressing religious and spiritual struggles and problems and helping clients explore and access R/S strengths and resources should be included, whereas one in five report less comfort with these competencies.
Bleeding risk factors and real-world antithrombotic therapies in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective study
Authors: Fujita Kanako , Kohyama Noriko , Sato Miki , Deguchi Tomokazu , Suzuki Hiroshi , Ebato Mio , Kogo Mari 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Bleeding risk factors in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are unclear and data on the use of antithrombotic drugs are lacking. We investigated the bleeding risk factors in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI to help optimize antithrombotic therapy according to bleeding risk. We also investigated the association between the actual use of antithrombotic therapy and bleeding events.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 134 elderly patients with atrial fibrillation who underwent primary PCI at the Department of Cardiology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital. The endpoint was a bleeding event within 1-year. Bleeding risk factors were identified using multivariate analysis. The association between the number of antithrombotics and bleeding events was evaluated using the chi-squared test.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 76.0 ± 6.2 years. Bleeding events occurred in 41 (30.6%) patients. Age > 80 years (odds ratio [OR]: 2.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–5.85), multivessel disease (OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.22–6.23), and history of surgery (OR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.14–8.06) were identified as bleeding risk factors. The proportion of patients receiving triple therapy was significantly higher in the bleeding group compared to the non-bleeding group (70.7% vs. 27.5%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Age > 80, multivessel disease, and history of surgery were found to be risk factors for bleeding in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI. In addition, dual therapy after PCI in elderly patients at high risk of bleeding should be considered to avoid bleeding events.
Child stunting prevalence determination at sector level in Rwanda using small area estimation
Authors: Ngaruye Innocent , Nzabanita Joseph , Niragire François , Rizinde Theogene , Nkurunziza Joseph , Ndikubwimana Jean Bosco , Ruranga Charles , Kabano Ignace , N. Muhoza Dieudonne , Ahishakiye Jeanine 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Stunting among children under 5 years of age remains a worldwide concern, with 148.1 million (22.3%) stunted in 2022. The recent 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic Health Survey (RDHS) revealed that the prevalence of stunting in Rwanda among under five children was 33.5%. In Rwanda, there is no sufficient evidence on stunting status to guide prioritized interventions at the sector level, the lowest administrative unit for implementing development initiatives. This study aimed to provide reliable estimates of stunting prevalence in Rwanda at the sector level.

Methods
In this article, Small Area Estimation (SAE) techniques were used to provide sector level estimates of stunting prevalence in children under five in Rwanda. By plugging in relevant significant covariates in the generalized linear mixed model, model-based estimates are produced for all sectors with their corresponding Mean Square Error (MSE).

Results
The findings showed that, overall, 40 out of 416 sectors had met the national target of having a stunting rate less than or equal to 19%, while 194 sectors were far from meeting this target, having a stunting rate higher than the national prevalence of 33.5% in the year 2020. The majority of the sectors with stunting prevalence that were higher than the national average of 33.5% were found in the Northern Province with 68 sectors out of 89 and in Western Province with 64 sectors out of 96. In contrast, the prevalence of stunting was lower in the City of Kigali where 14 out of 35 sectors had a stunting rate between 0 and 19%, and all sectors were below the national average. This study showed a substantial connection between stunting and factors such as household size, place of residence, the gender of the household head, and access to improved toilet facilities and clean water.

Conclusion
The results of this study may guide and support informed policy decisions and promote localised and targeted interventions in Rwanda’s most severely affected sectors with a high stunting prevalence in Rwanda.
Fe-curcumin nanozyme-mediated immunosuppression and anti-inflammation in experimental autoimmune uveitis
Authors: Jiang Zhengxuan , Liang Kun , Gao Xiang , Cao Fan , An Guangqi , Gui Siyu , Tang Weiwei , Du Liping , Tao Liming , Wang Xianwen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
EAU is an inflammatory disease usually characterized by autoinflammation and autoimmunity and is aggravated by excessive generation of ROS. Conventional hormone therapy often has more adverse effects. It is urgent to find a therapeutic drug with higher efficiency and fewer adverse effects.

Methods

We developed an Fe-curcumin nanozyme in which natural antioxidants coordinate with Fe
3+
to form nanoparticles with excellent solubility for directing anti-inflammatory and ROS scavenging effects to treat EAU. Several experiments were used to detect the characteristics of nanozymes. EAU model rats were used to detect the abilities of decreasing autoinflammation and autoimmunity. PBMCs were used to detect the ability to inhibit cell proliferation.

Results

Free radical scavenging experiments showed that nanozymes decreased the level of free radicals at low concentrations. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that the group treated with Fe-curcumin nanozymes had lower inflammatory reactions and ROS levels than the control group, as reflected by the downregulated levels of several critical inflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-17, and TNF-α; decreased H
2
O
2
release; inhibited proliferation of Th1 and Th17 cells; and alleviated pathological changes in the eye. Importantly, the Fe-curcumin nanozyme was detected in the retina using Prussian blue staining. Additionally, Fe-curcumin nanozyme is noncytotoxic when directing these biological activities.

Conclusion
This study has demonstrated the feasibility of using the Fe-curcumin nanozyme as a nanodrug to inhibit inflammatory reactions and scavenge ROS in the treatment of EAU, indicating that it may serve as a promising therapeutic agent in clinical treatment.

Graphical Abstract
A Low-Cost Mobile-Based Augmented Reality Neuronavigation System for Retrosigmoid Craniotomy
Authors: Hong Wenyao , Huang Xiaohua , Chen Zhongyi , Huang Shengyue , Wen Yuxing , He Bingwei , Liu Yuqing , Lin Yuanxiang 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The correct positioning of the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction (TSSJ) during retrosigmoid craniotomy (RC) is crucial for enhancing surgical efficiency and preventing complications. An augmented reality technology may provide low-cost guidance for the TSSJ position. The authors aimed to investigate the clinical application of a self-developed mobile augmented reality navigation system (MARNS) for TSSJ positioning during RC and present their findings.

METHODS:
This observational research enrolled patients who underwent RC at Fujian Provincial Hospital from May 2023 to June 2023. All patients had their TSSJs located by MARNS. The surgical incision and skull “keyhole” for drilling were determined separately based on the projections of TSSJ on the 3-dimensional model displayed by MARNS. This method was assessed using matching error, positioning time, integrity of the bone flap, incidence of transversal sigmoid sinus injury, and other complications.

RESULTS:
Seven patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma, trigeminal neuralgia, and hemifacial spasm were enrolled in this study. The MARNS system exhibited a matching error with an average magnitude of 2.88 ± 0.69 mm. The positioning procedure necessitated an average duration of 279.71 ± 27.29 seconds. In every instance, the inner edge of the TSSJ was precisely identified and exposed while the bone flap was successfully formed and maintained an average integrity of 86.7%.

CONCLUSION:
This study demonstrated the efficacy of MARNS in the precise placement of the TSSJ during RC procedures. It offers advantages for convenience, cost-effectiveness, and reliability for neurosurgical navigation.
Robotic Versus Thoracoscopic Sub-lobar Resection for Octogenarians with Clinical Stage IA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Real-World Study
Authors: Pan Hanbo , Zou Ningyuan , Tian Yu , Shen Yaofeng , Chen Hang , Zhu Hongda , Zhang Jiaqi , Jin Weiqiu , Gu Zenan , Ning Junwei , Jiang Long , Huang Jia , Luo Qingquan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Minimally invasive sub-lobectomy is sufficient in treating small early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, comparison of the feasibility and oncologic efficacy between robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in performing sub-lobectomy for early-stage NSCLC patients age 80 years or older is scarce.

Methods
Octogenarians with clinical stage IA NSCLC (tumor size, ≤ 2 cm) undergoing minimally invasive wedge resection or segmentectomy at Shanghai Chest Hospital from 2011 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed from a prospectively maintained database. Propensity score-matching (PSM) with a RATS versus VATS ratio of 1:4 was performed. Perioperative and long-term outcomes were analyzed.

Results
The study identified 594 patients (48 RATS and 546 VATS patients), and PSM resulted in 45 cases in the RATS group and 180 cases in the VATS group. The RATS patients experienced less intraoperative bleeding (60 mL [interquartile range (IQR), 50–100 mL] vs. 80 mL [IQR, 50–100 mL]; P = 0.027) and a shorter postoperative hospital stay (4 days [IQR, 3–5 days] vs. 5 days [IQR, 4–6 days]; P = 0.041) than the VATS patients. The two surgical approaches were comparable concerning other perioperative outcomes and postoperative complications (20.00% vs. 26.11%; P = 0.396). Additionally, during a median follow-up period of 66 months, RATS and VATS achieved comparable 5-year overall survival (90.48% vs. 87.93%; P = 0.891), recurrence-free survival (83.37% vs. 83.18%; P = 0.782), and cumulative incidence of death. Further subgroup comparison also demonstrated comparable long-term outcomes between the two approaches. Finally, multivariate Cox analysis indicated that the surgical approach was not independently correlated with long-term outcomes.

Conclusions
The RATS approach shortened the postoperative hospital stay, reduced intraoperative bleeding by a statistically notable but clinically insignificant amount, and achieved long-term outcomes comparable with VATS in performing sub-lobectomy for octogenarians with early-stage small NSCLC.
La(III)-Catalyzed Depolymerization of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Yielding Chiral Lactates
Authors: Kobayashi Natsumi , Komine Nobuyuki , Nomura Kotohiro , Hirano Hiroshi , Hirano Masafumi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Biomass-based polymers can be a valuable resource of chiral compounds through depolymerization. [La(acac)3]-catalyzed (1 mol%) depolymerization of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) (Mw = 1.58 × 105) pellets in MeOH at 90 °C for 3 h produced methyl L-lactate in &gt;99% yield (96% ee). When powdered PLLA is used, this reaction can be achieved at 40 °C for 6 h in &gt;99% (95% ee). PLLA is depolymerized in EtOH by La(NO3)3·6H2O or [Fe(acac)3] (1 mol%) at 135 °C for 4 h to give ethyl L-lactate in 86% (96% ee) and 87% yield (96% ee), respectively. The depolymerization by [La(acac)3] (5 mol%) in HNEt2 at 150 °C for 3 h gives N,N-diethyllactamide in 85% but the enantiomeric excess decreases to 27% ee.
LINGUO-STYLISTIC MEANS OF CREATING THE IMAGE OF THE «NATURAL MAN» IN THE NOVEL THE LIFE OF PI BY Y. MARTEL
Authors: Lashtabova Natalia V. , Malikov Aleksandr I. 
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the linguo-stylistic analysis of the image of Pisin Molitor Patel as a central component of the artwork in the context of plot development.
Purpose. The identification and analysis of the means of creating the image of the «natural man» in the novel «The Life of Pi» by Y. Martel.
The work uses such research methods as the analysis of theoretical literature on the problem of research, the method of continuous sampling, the method of linguostylistic analysis, corpus analysis of text, comparative-comparative analysis.
Results: The results of the study showed that with the help of a set of explicit linguistic and stylistic means Y. Martel creates an image of a “natural man” who relies on human reason in everything and in a difficult situation is guided by common sense rather than emotions and feelings and proceeds to fulfil the primary tasks necessary for survival. In addition, the linguistic and stylistic means of indirect characterisation identified in the thoughts, direct and inner speech serve to indicate the leading role of common sense and intellect in the construction of the protagonist’s image as a “natural man”.