bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Peak Air Pressure and Oxygen Flow between Conventional and Modified Endotracheal Tube for Retromolar Intubation (PUNTUBE)- An In Vitro Study
Authors: Punde Prashant A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
In conventional practice for retromolar intubation, endotracheal tube (ET) is bent. This leads to compression of the inner diameter of the tube which in turn reduces airflow. Furthermore, conventionally ETs are stabilised in position using inflated tracheal cuff. Elastic sticky tapes around the exit pose hindrance for surgical procedures on the face. Surgical manipulation and maxillomandibular fixation may lead to compression, damage or accidental extubation of ET. We have developed a modified ET dedicated to retromolar intubation with innovative means for tube stabilisation to solve these problems.

Materials and Methods:
To study the efficacy of the tube, a comparative in vitro study was done on mannequins. Null hypothesis of no change in air pressure and oxygen concentration in bent conventional ET versus modified ET was formulated. Comparison was done on the basis of the peak air pressure (PEP) and oxygen concentration, which was checked using air–gas monitor.

Results:
The mean PEP was found to be 24.29 psi with standard deviation (SD) of 9.54 in sequentially bent conventional tube. This was found to be only 10.35 psi with SD of 3.22 in modified ET. Oxygen delivery was found to be 3.96 L/min in bent conventional tube, which was 5.22 L/min in modified tube. Both the findings were statistically significant.

Discussion:
Modified retromolar tube (PUNTUBE) has been found to be efficient in maintaining low PEP while delivering more oxygen as compared to bent conventional tube. Novel mode of tube stabilisation in the form of PUNSTAB is an easy and effective way of tube stabilisation.
Acute effects of single-bout isometric handgrip exercise on selected cardiovascular parameters in young normotensive adults at a tertiary care center of West Bengal
Authors: Dutta Anisha , Bhowmik Anish 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context:
Hypertension is currently prevalent along with other lifestyle disorders, which further adds up to cardiovascular morbidity. Young adults especially those of 18–25 years are also affected because of their sedentary lifestyle. Thus, a need for a compliable exercise that can be introduced in daily life is widely sought for.

Aims:
To record changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR), before and after a single bout isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise.

Settings and Design:
This interventional study has been conducted at I.P.G.M.E.&R., Kolkata.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty-four young healthy individuals were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After a fixed protocol for exercise, their pre and post (after 3 min and 3 h) IHG exercise values of blood pressure (BP) and HR were recorded and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Paired sample t test was done to compare the mean values of each of the parameters.

Results:
Three-hour post-IHG values of SBP and MAP are reduced significantly (P = 0.000), whereas those of DBP and MAP are reduced but not significantly. The decrease in HR post 3 h of IHG is not statistically meaningful.

Conclusions:
Single-bout IHG exercise elicits a significant reduction in BP when recorded after 3 h. Thus, if studied further, it promises to be a useful tool in the regular regimen of antihypertensive management with positive clinical outcomes.
Burst suppression pattern on EEG in West syndrome in an infant with heterozygous variant in the CACNA1A gene
Authors: Gladson Nikhil , Sasikumar Sheetal , Koshy Jiya Thankam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
West syndrome is a severe epilepsy syndrome characterized by the classical triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalography (EEG) and psychomotor retardation. The classical hypsarrhythmia pattern on EEG consists of a high amplitude, arrhythmic, disorganized background with multifocal spikes and slow and sharp waves. The burst suppression (BS) pattern on EEG is a less commonly described pattern in West syndrome. Among the genetic causes of West syndrome, mutations in the CACNA1A gene are rarely reported. We hereby report a BS pattern on EEG in an infant with West syndrome with heterozygous variant in the CACNA1A gene.
Angina Bullosa Hemorrhagica: A Case Report and an Update
Authors: Meru S. , Oberai Sonal , Gomes Aaron Francis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Angina bullosa hemorrhagica (ABH) is a relatively common lesion seen on oropharyngeal mucosa. Often asymptomatic and sometimes may cause discomfort when the bulla ruptures. It has been seen that they tend to rupture and heal on their own. However, if the bulla is present in the oropharynx or laryngeal mucosa may result in complications such as asphyxia. The diagnosis of this entity is clinical and laboratory investigations are helpful in deducting the possible differential diagnoses. A report of an asymptomatic ABH is presented, here, along with the recent updates on the current understanding of this entity.
Relationship of Grit and Resilience to Academic Success among Dental Interns in Western Tamil Nadu – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Simon Arun K. , John R. Melvyn , Shirly Annie 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:Achieving a high level of academic achievement during dental training is of paramount importance. The practice of dentistry has been widely acknowledged as being associated with high levels of stress. In addition to the intellectual skills usually important to identify and develop in medical professionals, there are noncognitive traits such as grit and resilience that are equally important.Aim:The aim of this study was to understand and assess the relationship of grit and resilience to academic success among dental interns in the region of Western Tamil Nadu.Materials and Methods:The study employed a cross-sectional design based on an interview schedule through online delivery methods using the Short Grit and Brief Resilience Scales, in all the dental colleges in Western Tamil Nadu. Scores for both scales ranged from 1 to 5. Pretested questionnaire with 24 questions was used. Ethical clearance and consent were obtained before the study. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17, and thePvalue was kept <0.05 for significance. A Chi-square test was applied for categorical variables.Results:Out of the 214 respondents, 78% were female. About 60.7% of the respondents reported low grit and 62.1% reported moderate resilience. Self-reported above-average academic success was 74.8%. Self-reported academic success was significantly associated with grit (P< 0.05) and resilience (P< 0.05).Conclusions:This study provides evidence that grit and resilience are important factors that are indicative of dental students’ academic success. Improving grit and resilience may be an important approach to enhance dental training and academic success.
Gingival Recession: Prevalence, Extent, and Severity in Women Belonging to Self-help Groups from a Panchayat in Kerala
Authors: John Saumya , John Prabha Kadakampallil 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Self-help groups (SHGs) were devised by the Indian Government, essentially to uplift women with poor socioeconomic status. Gingival recession (GR) has worldwide prevalence ranging from 22% to 100%. It leads to multiple dental problems affecting the quality of life. Poor socioeconomic conditions are closely related to the severity of GR.

Aims:
This study aims to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of GR in women belonging to SHGs from a panchayat in Kerala. Also to determine etiological factors for GR in the given population.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 354 women from SHGs of a panchayat in Kerala were included in the study. All participants answered a questionnaire containing demographic details, behavioral factors, and comorbidities. Clinical examination was carried out to assess GR, plaque index, gingival index, presence of attached gingiva, frenal attachment, biotype, trauma from occlusion, and malocclusion. All categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentage whereas continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation. The association between GR and its etiological factors was analyzed by Chi-square test followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results:
The prevalence of GR in this population was 88.4%. The extent of GR was at least one site and Class III-B was found in 4.2% of the population. Significant association between age, gingival inflammation, and GR were observed.

Conclusions:
GR was found to be highly prevalent (GR II-B most prominent) in this population. Age and presence of severe gingival inflammation were found to be the possible risk factors.
Awareness about Clinical Establishment Act among Dentists – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Philip Sharon , Thomas Susan , Narayan Vivek 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The Kerala Clinical Establishment Act (CEA) provides for registration and regulation of clinical establishments from all recognized systems of medicine in the public and private sectors. The dental profession, where most services are rendered by private practitioners is also included in this Act. It follows that dentists must stay abreast of the laws that govern the profession of dentistry.

Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the awareness and apprehensions about the Act among dentists in Kerala.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using a questionnaire among 400 dentists from June 2020 to August 2020. The participants comprised dental practitioners with undergraduate/postgraduate degrees, faculties in dental colleges, and postgraduate dental students. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square and logistic regression method.

Results:
A total of 78% of respondents were aware about the Act. More than half of the participants (58%) had a high awareness score regarding the Act. Low levels of apprehension were exhibited by 65% of the study participants. The determinants for awareness were significant in relation to age, gender, education level, type of practice, duration of practice, and location of practice (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of this study indicate the need for improved clarity of clauses in the Act associated with transparency and public access to information at Clinical Establishments. The implementation of the Act would contribute greatly to shaping a reliable health-care service for the public as the findings of this research suggest that dentists in Kerala think that mandatory registration and regular inspections as envisioned in the Act would identify and isolate the quacks in the profession.
Online Classes as an Undergraduate Teaching–Learning Method: A Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat Analysis
Authors: Sreedevi Athira , Raghunathan Dhanya , Ramakrishnan Devraj , Sruthi K.S , Mahadev.S.B Sankar , Agneya. G 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Traditional classroom teaching is being replaced by newer modalities where multimedia technologies are involved in the teaching process. The advantages of online learning were proven in the literature. However, the limitations in carrying out online classes for undergraduate dental education need to be sought.

Objective:
The objective is to conduct a strength, weakness, opportunity, threat (SWOT) analysis on online teaching and learning as perceived by teachers and students.

Materials and Methods:
Two different pro formas on online teaching and learning were given to all teaching faculty and students in Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Data were collected using online Google Forms. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the perspective of teaching faculty and students in online classes. A semi-quantitative content analysis was done for open-ended items.

Results:
SWOT of Online teaching and learning were identified based on the quantitative and qualitative findings. A total of 164 students and 44 teaching faculty responded to our pro forma. More interactive online sessions and procuring technical support from institutions were perceived as opportunities for online teaching and learning. Accessibility issues and health issues were perceived as threats in online classes as a teaching–learning method by students.

Conclusion:
Well-outlined course content with proper scheduling, free Wi-Fi access, well-prepared and committed teaching faculty, creating a sense of responsible online learning, and supplying devices to access online classes to all students in the state are the few areas of implementation for better learning outcomes in online learning.
Cross-sectional study on utilisation of social media by regional anaesthesia and acute pain medicine fellowship programs in the United States
Authors: Hong Janet , Siddique Usama , Echevarria Ghislaine , Patel Alopi , Lai Yan H. , Pai B.H Poonam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Social media provides a platform for physicians helping them change the practice in anaesthesiology as it promotes both personal and professional growth. In this cross-sectional study, we identify social media presence and engagement of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine (RAAPM) fellowship programs, specifically on Twitter (Twitter Inc., San Francisco, CA) and Instagram (Meta Platforms Inc., Menlo Park, CA). This article presents current evidence about social media presence and engagement of ACGME-accredited RAAPM fellowship programs on Twitter and Instagram. These findings could potentially help cultivate greater social media engagement in the RAAPM community and improve recruitment of prospective applicants.

Material and Methods:
The list of ACGME-accredited RAAPM fellowship programs for the academic year 2020–2021 was obtained from the ACGME website. Accounts were searched by reviewing each program’s website for profile links and by querying for the name of the program directly on Twitter and Instagram. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine accounts were analysed for posts pertaining to RAAPM elements, and RAAPM fellowship-specific accounts were investigated. Accounts that were solely focused on an anaesthesiology residency were excluded. All posts over the academic year period of 1 July 2020 to 30 June 2021 were analyzed.

Results:
While many programs had active departmental social media accounts during our study, there was a dearth of RAAPM-related output (3.4% of tweets and 2.7% Instagram posts). Furthermore, only 10% of programs had RAAPM fellowship-specific Twitter accounts, of which only 5% of programs were active. Finally, there were no RAAPM fellowship-specific Instagram accounts.

Conclusions:
While there is robust use of social media by departmental accounts, there is a paucity of RAAPM-related content and RAAPM fellowship-specific social media accounts. The current gap provides valuable opportunities for future investigations into the cyber footprint and innovative engagement strategies for the RAAPM community.
Pycnodysostosis: In the Indian Population – A Case Report with Review of the Literature
Authors: Yadav Anuradha , Dixit Chitrang , Malhotra Kajal , Smriti C.A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bone disorders having different causes, such as metabolic, genetic, and environmental, are well known and each of them has a characteristic clinical and radiographic appearance. Pycnodysostosis is one such rare bone disease that manifests as generalized osteosclerosis of the skeleton because of decreased bone turnover. Some of the unique radiographic and clinical features distinguish it from other bone disorders, such as osteogenesis imperfect, osteopetrosis, and cleidocranial dysplasia. Recognition of these signs is important to make a diagnosis and prevent further complications. We report a case of a 24-year-old male, who presented with a chief complaint of dirty and malaligned teeth and was unhappy with his facial appearance. General examination features which drew attention were short stature, beaking of the nose, and frontal and parietal bossing. Radiographically, open fontanelles, wormian bones, and dental abnormalities were evident.
A Challenging Case of Oral Lichen Planus: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Vinod V.C , Baviskar Roza Rajkumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disorder affecting the oral mucosa. This case report presents a comprehensive assessment of a 64-year-old male patient with OLP, detailing the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. The patient’s chief complaint was a persistent burning sensation in the oral cavity for several months. Furthermore, he expressed the need to replace missing teeth. The patient was treated with a combination of topical corticosteroids, multivitamins, and systemic steroids, which yielded significant improvement in symptoms. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and effective management of Oral Lichen Planus,emphasizing the need for proper understanding and treatment of this oral condition.
Comparison of dexmedetomidine and clonidine for the prevention of emergence delirium in children undergoing lower abdominal surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia
Authors: Xess Sukriti , Singh Vinita , Singh Prem Raj , Kaushal Dinesh , Digraskar Vinod 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
In this study, we compared the efficacy of dexmedetomidine, clonidine, and placebo in the prevention of emergence delirium (ED) in children undergoing lower abdominal surgeries under sevoflurane anesthesia.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a prospective randomized double-blinded study on 75 patients aged 4–10 years belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists I or II, undergoing lower abdominal surgeries of 1–2 h duration under sevoflurane anesthesia. The children were randomly distributed into three groups: dexmedetomidine (Group D), clonidine (Group C), and saline group (Group S). The study drug was administered 10 min after induction of anesthesia. Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) score was used to assess the incidence and severity of ED at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min of arrival to the postanesthesia care unit. A score of ≥10 was considered to have ED. The Ramsay Sedation Score and the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) score were used to assess the degree of sedation and the severity of pain, respectively.

Results:
Dexmedetomidine showed the lowest incidence of ED while the highest incidence was seen in the saline group. The PAED score was lowest in the dexmedetomidine group, followed by clonidine, and highest in the control group at all time intervals. The Ramsay Sedation Score and FLACC score were also lower in the dexmedetomidine group as compared to the clonidine and saline groups.

Conclusion:
Dexmedetomidine was found to be more efficacious in preventing ED as compared to clonidine in children.
AutoFlow® (volume-guaranteed mode) versus volume-controlled ventilation for the laparoscopic surgery with BlockBuster supraglottic airway: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chhanwal Heena Sunil , Kheskani Divya N. , Shah Amit , Patel Ankita , Parita Gandhi , Solanki Rekha Nilesh , Singh Aayushi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Supraglottic airway devices used in laparoscopic surgeries must be efficient to counter the increased peak airway pressure (PAWP) and airway leakage that can occur in laparoscopic surgeries. Hence, the implication of AutoFlow in ventilator strategy is propounded nowadays that facilitates low PAWP and high dynamic compliance to achieve targeted tidal volume and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2). BlockBuster™ Laryngeal mask furnishing minimum airway leak. The primary objective was to compare PAWP using the two modes of ventilation through the BlockBuster LMA after intubation, pneumoperitoneum, and Trendelenburg position. The secondary objective was to observe hemodynamic vitals.

Methodology:
In this single-center randomized controlled trial, we recruited 80 American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I and II adult patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries. They were randomized by computer-generated method into two groups: volume-controlled AutoFlow® (VCAF) and volume-controlled (VC) group. Ventilation settings for both groups set to tidal volume 5–6 ml/kg of predicted body weight, positive end-expiratory pressure 5 cm H2O, I: E ratio 1:2, and respiratory rate 12–16/min to maintain targeted ETCO2 of 30–35 cm H2O. Intraabdominal pressure was set to 14 mmHg during pneumoperitoneum and 15° Trendelenburg position.

Results:
Mann–Whitney U-test for continuous variables and t-test for categorical variables. Data were presented as median (interquartile range). P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. During laparoscopic surgeries with BlockBuster™ PAWP at pneumoperitoneum was (20 cm H2O vs. 27 cm H2O) and Trendelenburg position (19 cm H2O vs. 27 cm H2O) was significant lower with VCAF (AutoFlow® ventilation) than with VC (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
PAWP is significantly low in AutoFlow mode as compared to volume control mode with BlockBuster LMA. In addition, LMA BlockBuster provides good sealing pressure.
Project Management Enhancement through Technology
Authors: Savio Rajesh Dominic , Dewan Bassam 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The main goal of this manuscript is to evaluate the impact of technology adoption and integration on project management practices, identify challenges and solutions, and explore the potential of emerging technologies for enhancing project management efficiency and effectiveness. Scope: The study takes a global approach to assess how technology impacts project management across various industries and organizations, mainly focusing on technology adoption trends in different sectors and advanced solutions. Conclusions: The manuscript details how automation and software improve project efficiency and predictability, discusses limitations, including software glitches and downtime necessitating backup systems, and identifies AI (Artificial Intelligence) as the most prominent emerging technology.
Evaluation of electrocardiographic arrhythmogenicity markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: KIRAÇ Cem Onur 
Published: December 2023

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that progresses with hyperglycemia and the proinflammatory process. The most common complication of DM is cardiovascular disease, and it is known that the risk of arrhythmia increases in patients with DM. The aim of our study was to evaluate the correlation of electrocardiographic arrhythmogenicity markers with HbA1c and fasting blood glucose.
Methods: The study included 77 type 2 DM patients and 76 healthy individuals as a control group. Body mass index, HbA1c value, and fasting blood glucose level were recorded for all patients. Corrected QT (QTc), T peak-T end intervals (Tp-e), and Tp-e/QTc values were calculated from 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG). The results were evaluated statistically.
Results: The Tp-e interval (p