bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of guidelines on neonatal hypoglycemia
Authors: Luo Keren , Tang Jun , Zhang Meng , He Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn recent years, a series of clinical guidelines on neonatal hypoglycemia have been developed in different countries and regions. This systematic review was aimed at providing evidence for clinical decision‐making and providing ideas for future research by comparatively analyzing the contents of various guidelines.MethodsA multilateral approach was used, including comprehensive literature searches and online research. The retrieved studies were screened by two independent reviewers according to our inclusion criteria. The two reviewers independently extracted the descriptive data. Four appraisers assessed the guidelines using the AGREE‐II instrument.ResultsTen clinical guidelines on neonatal hypoglycemia were included, with a mean score of 45.28%–83.45% in six domains. The guidelines are relatively consistent in their recommendations on clinical symptoms of neonatal hypoglycemia, but different in risk factors, preventive measures, thresholds for clinical management of hypoglycemia, target glucose ranges for its control, and pharmacotherapy.ConclusionBy summarising the recommendations in the guidelines on neonatal hypoglycemia, we found that blood glucose values were not the only observational indicator, and other indicators (e.g., ketone bodies, lactate) related to glucose metabolism should also be considered for a comprehensive assessment. There is still a lack of consensus on thresholds for the clinical management of hypoglycemia and target glucose ranges for its control, and the recommendations on its pharmacotherapy are rather simple and sketchy. In the future, more high‐quality studies are required to further improve the early identification of neonatal hypoglycemia and intervention strategies against it.
Uveitis masquerade syndromes: An approach to diagnosis
Authors: Lin Ming Lee , Hall Anthony J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUveitis masquerade syndromes are a diverse group of clinical entities which mimic conventional immune‐mediated uveitis due to the presence of inflammatory signs but are resistant to anti‐inflammatory therapy. Misdiagnosis hinders appropriate management in these conditions and may result in poor outcomes. This review discusses commonly encountered neoplastic and non‐neoplastic disease processes that masquerade as intraocular inflammation with a focus on relevant clinical features and adjunctive investigations that are helpful in reaching a correct diagnosis.
Real‐time Terrain Enhancement with Controlled Procedural Patterns
Authors: Grenier C. , Guérin É. , Galin É. , Sauvage B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAssisting the authoring of virtual terrains is a perennial challenge in the creation of convincing synthetic landscapes. Particularly, there is a need for augmenting artist‐controlled low‐resolution models with consistent relief details. We present a structured noise that procedurally enhances terrains in real time by adding spatially varying erosion patterns. The patterns can be cascaded, i.e. narrow ones are nested into large ones. Our model builds upon the Phasor noise, which we adapt to the specific characteristics of terrains (water flow, slope orientation).
Relief details correspond to the underlying terrain characteristics and align with the slope to preserve the coherence of generated landforms. Moreover, our model allows for artist control, providing a palette of control maps, and can be efficiently implemented in graphics hardware, thus allowing for real‐time synthesis and rendering, therefore permitting effective and intuitive authoring.
Dual‐tDCS combined with sensorimotor training promotes upper limb function in subacute stroke patients: A randomized, double‐blinded, sham‐controlled study
Authors: Li Chong , Chen Yun , Tu Shuting , Lin Jiaying , Lin Yifang , Xu Shuo , Wu Maohou , Xie Yong , Jia Jie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDual transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the bilateral primary somatosensory cortex (PSC) has potential benefits in stroke. In addition, compared with traditional rehabilitation training, sensorimotor training can significantly improve the sensorimotor function of patients. However, the efficacy of dual‐tDCS combined with sensorimotor training in patients with subacute stroke is unknown.ObjectiveTo assess whether dual‐tDCS may enhance the efficacy of sensorimotor training on the upper limb functions in patients with subacute stroke. In addition, this study aims to explore the potential clinical mechanism of this combination therapy.MethodsWe randomized 52 individuals with first‐ever, unilateral subcortical stroke into the experimental group (n = 26) and the control group (n = 26). Patients in the experimental group received 20 min of dual‐tDCS over the PSC and 40 min of sensorimotor training each session, while patients in the control group received sham dual‐tDCS. The treatment cycle was a 1‐h session of therapy each day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. The Fugl–Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA–UE) subscale, Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Box and Block test (BBT), Erasmus MC revised Nottingham sensory assessment scale (Em‐NSA), Neurometer sensory nerve quantitative detector (CPT), the Barthel index (BI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to assess upper limb function, activities of daily living (ADL), and mental health before and after the 4‐week treatment period. In addition, functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to explore potential clinical brain mechanisms.ResultsBoth groups showed significant improvement in all clinical scales (All p < 0.05) after treatment. Compared with sham‐tDCS plus sensorimotor training, active dual‐tDCS coupled with sensorimotor training can significantly improve the FMA‐UE, ARAT, Em‐NSA‐Stereognosis, and CPT‐2K Hz. In addition, dual‐tDCS combined with sensorimotor training can significantly activate the left pre‐Motor and supplementary motor cortex (PM–SMC) and enhance the functional connection between the left somatosensory association cortex (SAC) and RPM–SMC. Furthermore, the difference of FMA–UE in the experimental group was positively correlated with the functional connectivity of RPM‐SMC‐LSAC (r = 0.815, p < 0.001).ConclusionDual‐tDCS over the PSC combined with sensorimotor training can improve upper limb sensory and motor dysfunction, enhance ADL, and alleviate depression and anxiety for subacute stroke patients. Our results indicated that RPM‐SMC‐LSAC may be potential therapeutic targets for dual‐tDCS in upper limb rehabilitation on stroke.
The impact of operative approach for obese colorectal cancer patients: analysis of the National Inpatient Sample 2015–2019
Authors: Logie Kathleen , McKechnie Tyler , Talwar Gaurav , Lee Yung , Parpia Sameer , Amin Nalin , Doumouras Aristithes , Hong Dennis , Eskicioglu Cagla 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimObesity is a well‐established risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer. As such, patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer have increasingly higher body mass indices (BMIs). The advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques in recent years have helped surgeons circumvent some of the challenges associated with operating in the setting of obesity. While previous studies suggest that laparoscopy improves outcomes compared with open surgery in obese patients, this has never been established at the population level. Therefore, we designed a retrospective database study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) with the aim of comparing laparoscopic with open approaches for obese patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer.MethodA retrospective analysis of the NIS from 2015 to 2019 was conducted including patients with a BMI of greater than 30 kg/m2 undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. The primary outcomes were postoperative in‐hospital morbidity and mortality. Secondary outcomes included postoperative system‐specific complications, total admission healthcare cost and length of stay (LOS). Multivariable logistic and linear regressions were utilized to compare the two operative approaches.ResultsA total of 4742 patients underwent open surgery and 3231 underwent laparoscopic surgery. We observed a significant decrease in overall postoperative morbidity [17.5% vs. 31.4%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50–0.64; p < 0.001], gastrointestinal morbidity (8.1% vs. 14.5%, aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.50–0.69; p < 0.001) and genitourinary morbidity (10.1% vs. 18.6%, aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.52–0.70; p < 0.001) with the use of laparoscopy. Postoperative LOS was 1.7 days shorter (95% CI 1.5–2.0, p < 0.001) and cost of admission was decreased by $9106 (95% CI $4638–$13 573, p < 0.001) with laparoscopy.ConclusionLaparoscopic surgery for obese patients with colorectal cancer is associated with significantly decreased postoperative morbidity and improved healthcare resource utilization compared with open surgery. Laparoscopic approaches should be relied upon whenever feasible for these patients.
Conflict between cultural development and wildlife conservation: A potential threat to Reeves's pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii)
Authors: Li Xinming , Wang Bochi , Zhang Jing , Davison Geoffrey W. H. , Wang Nan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReeves's pheasant feathers are used to make headgears for the Chinese opera—Xiqu; however, this posed a considerable threat to the bird's population before it was banned from hunting/trade. It is unclear whether Xiqu‐troupes currently use feathers from wild or captive breeding; therefore, we investigated their source and scale of feather utilization. Through interviews, we clarified the current status of feather‐use by state‐run troupes. We conducted a cluster analysis and established a “random forest” model using stable isotopes as variables to distinguish sources of feathers from Xiqu‐troupes. Annual demand for feathers in China was estimated as 1159.4 pairs. Isotope analysis revealed that feathers used by Xiqu‐troupes are likely derived from wild sources. We suggest strengthening the supervision of acquisition of Reeves's pheasant feathers and harvesting feathers through captive breeding. Stable isotope analysis can be an effective method for identifying the source of tail feathers, which will support law enforcement efforts.
Vericiguat, a novel sGC stimulator: Mechanism of action, clinical, and translational science
Authors: Trujillo Maria E. , Ayalasomayajula Surya , Blaustein Robert O. , Gheyas Ferdous 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVericiguat, a novel soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator, is approved for the treatment of heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Decreased nitric oxide (NO) availability, sGC desensitization to NO, sGC deficiency, and reduced cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling are potential contributing factors for HF disease progression. Vericiguat works via stimulation of sGC in the critical NO‐sGC‐cGMP pathway. Vericiguat is primarily metabolized by glucuronidation via uridine diphosphate‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms UGT1A1 and UGT1A9. Urinary excretion and renal clearance of vericiguat are low. No intrinsic factor had a clinically relevant effect on vericiguat exposure. Vericiguat has low drug–drug interaction potential with no clinically relevant pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions observed with warfarin, digoxin, aspirin, or sacubitril/valsartan. The global phase III study VICTORIA included patients with HFrEF who had a recent HF hospitalization or intravenous diuretic treatment for HF. Treatment with vericiguat on top of standard of care resulted in a 10% relative reduction in the primary composite outcome of death from cardiovascular causes or first hospitalization for HF. Vericiguat was well‐tolerated with low incidence of symptomatic hypotension and syncope compared to placebo. Given its positive benefit–risk profile, vericiguat is an important option for high‐risk patients with HFrEF who are already on guideline‐directed medical therapy and had recent worsening of HF. Future efforts to develop additional effective therapies are needed to further reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with HF.
Associations between complexity of glucose time series and cognitive function in adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yu Congcong , Wang Yaxin , Zhang Bing , Xu Xiang , Zhang Wen , Ding Qun , Miao Yingwen , Hou Yinjiao , Ma Xuelin , Wu Tianyu , Yang Sijue , Fu Linqing , Zhang Zhou , Zhou Jian , Bi Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsTo characterize the comparative contributions of different glycaemic indicators to cognitive dysfunction, and further investigate the associations between the most significant indicator and cognitive function, along with related cerebral alterations.Materials and MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study in 449 subjects with type 2 diabetes who completed continuous glucose monitoring and cognitive assessments. Of these, 139 underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate cerebral structure and olfactory neural circuit alterations. Relative weight and Sobol's sensitivity analyses were employed to characterize the comparative contributions of different glycaemic indicators to cognitive dysfunction.ResultsComplexity of glucose time series index (CGI) was found to have a more pronounced association with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to glycated haemoglobin, time in range, and standard deviation. The proportion and multivariable‐adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for MCI increased with descending CGI tertile (Tertile 1: reference group [≥4.0]; Tertile 2 [3.6‐4.0] OR 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68‐2.24; Tertile 3 [<3.6] OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.29‐4.00). Decreased CGI was associated with cognitive decline in executive function and attention. Furthermore, individuals with decreased CGI displayed reduced olfactory activation in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and disrupted functional connectivity between the left OFC and right posterior cingulate gyrus. Mediation analysis demonstrated that the left OFC activation partially mediated the associations between CGI and executive function.ConclusionDecreased glucose complexity closely relates to cognitive dysfunction and olfactory brain activation abnormalities in diabetes.
Pegcetacoplan in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria: Its use, its clinical effectiveness, and its influence on health‐related quality of life and productivity
Authors: Wilson Koo , Rich Carly , Hakimi Zalmai , Horneff Regina , Fishman Jesse , Mellor Jennifer , Earl Lucy , Taylor Yasmin , Simons Alice , Conyers Joe , Mulherin Brian , Majerus Elaine , Röth Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo describe real‐world use/effectiveness of pegcetacoplan (PEG) in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH).MethodsData were drawn from the Adelphi PNH Disease Specific Programme™, a cross‐sectional survey conducted in France, Italy, Germany, Spain and the United States from January to November 2022. Patients had a confirmed PNH diagnosis and received PEG for ≥1 month. Physicians reported patient characteristics, treatment use/satisfaction and their perception of patients' fatigue and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Patients reported treatment satisfaction and completed questionnaires assessing fatigue, HRQoL and productivity. Descriptive statistics were reported.ResultsOverall, 14 physicians provided data for 61 patients who had received 1080 mg/dose PEG for 1.3–14.8 months. At data collection compared to PEG initiation: haemoglobin was 2.5 g/dL higher on average; proportion of patients with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥1.5 × upper limit of normal was reduced by 27.4%; physician‐perceived fatigue was lower and HRQoL better. Physician‐ and patient‐reported treatment satisfaction was high for >90% of patients. Physicians and patients were more satisfied with PEG than previously prescribed C5 complement inhibitors. Mean work impairment and activity impairment in the 7 days prior to data collection were 32.9% and 22.4%, respectively.ConclusionsThese real‐world data support the effectiveness of PEG through positive effects on haemoglobin, LDH, fatigue and HRQoL.
Adult‐onset Still's disease with concurrent thrombotic microangiopathy: Observations from pooled analysis for an uncommon finding
Authors: Ananthaneni Anil , Shimkus Gaelen , Weis Francesca , Adu‐Dapaah Eunice , Lakra Rachaita , Ramadas Poornima , Hayat Samina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder that is characterized by quotidian fevers, arthritis, and an evanescent rash. Occurrence of concurrent thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in AOSD is rare. The treatment aspects of TMA in AOSD are actively being debated.MethodsMedline search using MeSH terms and snowballing yielded a total of 29 articles with co‐occurrence of AOSD and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) including our own. Pooled data were synthesized for descriptive analysis.ResultsMedian age was 35 years with a majority of females (68.96%). A majority of these studies/patients were either Asian (34.48%) or Caucasian (31.03%). Concurrent TMA at the time of AOSD diagnosis was seen in 65.51% patients. Only 3/29 patients had ADAMTS13 level less than 10%, consistent with TTP and 3/29 were diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The remainder were diagnosed clinically. Complication rate was high, and 15/29 (51.72%) patients died or had permanent neurological/renal/vision/gangrenous complications. Median and mean ferritin peak was observed to be higher (7458 and 12 349, respectively) in patients who either died/had partial remission, compared to those who had complete response (3257 and 10 899, respectively), p = .829.ConclusionsA majority of patients with AOSD‐associated TMA either died or had permanent complications. TMA was diagnosed alongside AOSD in 65% patients, while the rest developed TMA during the course of their disease. Blurred vision may precede TMA and could help risk‐stratify high‐risk AOSD patients clinically. Glycosylated ferritin remains low several weeks to months after disease remission and may be used to monitor severity of disease process. Further studies are necessary to confirm the existing vascular endothelial growth factor hypothesis in AOSD‐associated TMA.
Knowledge maps for large‐scale group decision making in social media content analysis
Authors: Capatina Alexandru , Micu Adrian , Micu Angela‐Eliza , Ribeiro‐Navarrete Samuel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLarge‐scale group decision making in social media content analysis, empowered by Artificial Intelligence tools, offers valuable insights in management research. The purpose of this paper is to identify and interpret the knowledge maps that emerge in social media research, based on deep learning algorithms and neural networks' impact in social content analytics. We conducted qualitative research, by analysing relevant articles focused on the role played by deep learning and neural networks in social media content analysis. The key themes retrieved from the selected articles have been included in visual representations, provided by Nvivo12 software, considering its text‐mining capabilities. We are aware that large‐scale group decision making (LSGDM) offers solutions for research issues on social media content analysis. This qualitative research highlights the value of LSGDM skills for researchers that developed an AI platform prototype for social media content analysis.
Simulating benefits, costs and trade‐offs of spatial management in marine social‐ecological systems
Authors: Ovando Daniel , Bradley Darcy , Burns Echelle , Thomas Lennon , Thorson James 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDesigning effective spatial management strategies is challenging because marine ecosystems are highly dynamic and opaque, and extractive entities such as fishing fleets respond endogenously to ecosystem changes in ways that depend on ecological and policy context. We present a modelling framework, marlin, that can be used to efficiently simulate the bio‐economic dynamics of marine systems in support of both management and research. We demonstrate marlin's capabilities by focusing on two case studies on the conservation and food production impacts of marine protected areas (MPAs): a coastal coral reef and a pelagic tuna fishery. In the coastal coral reef example, we explore how heterogeneity in species distributions and fleet preferences can affect distributional outcomes of MPAs. In the pelagic case study, we show how our model can be used to assess the climate resilience of different MPA design strategies, as well as the climate sensitivity of different fishing fleets. This paper demonstrates how intermediate complexity simulation of coupled bio‐economic dynamics can help communities predict and potentially manage trade‐offs among conservation, fisheries yields and distributional outcomes of management policies affected by spatial bio‐economic dynamics.
Chlorogenic acid co‐administration alleviates cisplatin‐induced peripheral neuropathy in rats
Authors: Ünel Çiğdem Çengelli , Eroğlu Ezgi , Özatik Orhan , Erol Kevser 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is still an unresolved problem in cisplatin (CIS) use.ObjectivesThis study investigates possible anti‐neuropathic effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA) against CIS‐induced CIPN in rats while also investigating the contribution of nitric oxide (NO) to this phenomenon.MethodsInitially, CGA (250–1000 μM) was tested by MTT assay on primary DRG neurons. Subsequently, CIPN was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats by 3 mg/kg intraperitoneal injections of CIS once/week for 5 weeks. CGA (100 mg/kg) was co‐administered with CIS, both alone and in combination with l‐arginine (LARG) or l‐nitro‐arginine‐methyl‐ester (LNAME), to elucidate the contribution of nitrergic system to anti‐neuropathic effects. Mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and cold plate tests were performed to test CIPN. Rotarod, footprint analysis, and activitymeter were used to evaluate motor coordination and performance. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) was measured as a marker of inflammation. Histological evaluations of DRG and sciatic nerves (SNs) were performed utilizing toluidine blue staining. Two‐way analysis of variance and Kruskal–Wallis following Tukey's test were used as statistical analysis.ResultsHigher concentration of CGA (1000 μM) exhibited protective effect against in vitro neurotoxicity. Neither LARG nor LNAME exerted significant change in this effect. Co‐administration of CGA alleviated histological abnormalities and neuropathic effects induced by CIS. Ameliorative effect of CGA was not changed in mechanical allodynia but attenuated in cold allodynia, and motor activity/coordination tests by LARG and LNAME. Neuropathic effects of CIS remained unchanged with LARG and LNAME in behavioral experiments.ConclusionThe study identified CGA as candidate agent in mitigating CIPN. NO seems to play a modulatory role in this effect.