bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN HASIL BELAJAR BERBASIS TAKSONOMI BLOOM
Authors: Rohman Syaiful 
Published: December 2023

Pendidikan di Indonesia diatur oleh Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2003, yang menjadikan pendidikan sebagai faktor penting dalam pembentukan dan peningkatan kualitas kehidupan manusia. Fungsi pendidikan nasional, seperti yang diatur dalam undang-undang, mencakup pengembangan kemampuan, pembentukan karakter, dan peradaban bangsa. Standar Nasional Pendidikan, termasuk Standar Penilaian, diatur untuk memastikan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pengawasan pendidikan yang bermutu.
Pemerintah merumuskan Standar Nasional Pendidikan sebagai dasar dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pengawasan pendidikan untuk mencapai mutu pendidikan nasional. Salah satu standar adalah Standar Penilaian, yang bertujuan memastikan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pelaporan hasil penilaian peserta didik yang profesional, terbuka, edukatif, efektif, efisien, dan sesuai dengan konteks sosial budaya.
Namun, di tengah kondisi riil sekolah, terdapat kendala dalam proses penilaian. Guru menganggapnya terlalu rumit dan terfokus pada kompetensi pengetahuan saja. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, langkah-langkah perbaikan kualitas belajar harus mempertimbangkan semua komponen yang saling berhubungan dalam dunia pendidikan.
Selain itu, potensi untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan melibatkan pengembangan instrumen penilaian berbasis taksonomi Bloom revisi. Dalam konteks ini, penelitian tentang "Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Hasil Belajar Berbasis Taksonomi Bloom di MI Raudlatul Mubtadiin Ketapang Sampang" menjadi relevan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi kesulitan guru dalam proses penilaian, dengan fokus pada aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik sesuai dengan ranah penilaian Bloom.
Mengembangkan instrumen penilaian yang sesuai dengan taksonomi Bloom revisi akan membantu mengukur berbagai aspek kompetensi peserta didik secara holistik. Langkah-langkah ini penting untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan nasional, sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam undang-undang, serta untuk memastikan kualitas pembelajaran yang berkualitas.
Use of technogenic products for energy saving in the production of Portland cement clinker
Authors:  Войтов И.В. ,  Анкуда М.К. ,  Кузьменков М.И. 
Published: December 2023

Предложено для интенсификации клинкерообразования при производстве портландцемента использовать шлам станции нейтрализации, образующийся на химических предприятиях при нейтрализации кислых стоков из цехов по производству минеральных кислот. Такой шлам, введенный в цементную сырьевую смесь в количестве до 1 % масс., позволит снизить температуру обжига клинкера до 1380 °C при сохранении качества получаемого цемента.
It is proposed to intensify clinker formation in the pro-duction of Portland cement to use the slurry from neutralization stations at chemical plants after neutral-ization of acidic effluents from mineral acid production facilities. This slurry introduced into the cement raw mix in an amount up to 1% wt. will reduce the clinker burning temperature to 1380 °C while maintaining the quality of the obtained cement.
Crop rotation for management of plant‐parasitic nematodes in forage corn production
Authors: Tsegay Mussie Wolday , Wallau Marcelo O. , Liu Chang , Dubeux José C. , Grabau Zane Joseph 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCorn (Zea mays L.) is an important silage source for dairy cattle production in the southeastern United States. Silage corn is often grown continuously, which frequently results in severe pressure from plant‐parasitic nematodes such as sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus). Crop rotation is one of the few nematode management options available in forage production. The research objective was to assess summer‐planted rotation crops, preceding spring silage corn, for management of plant‐parasitic nematodes. Rotation crops included field corn, pearl millet [Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone]—with or without fertilizer—, sorghum‐sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench × Sorghum sudanense Piper], and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), which was either incorporated into soil or harvested. Rotation crops were assessed in a 3‐year field study in central Florida. Sunn hemp treatments significantly reduced sting nematode soil abundances relative to corn by 84%, 90%, and 84% before spring corn planting in 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 and at rotation crop termination in 2021–2022, respectively. Abundances of other plant‐parasitic nematodes were not consistently influenced by rotation. Biomass of winter rye (Secale cereale L.)—a bridge cover crop between summer and spring crops—was consistently increased following sunn hemp with significant increases of 87%, 106%, and 186% relative to following corn in 2019–2020, 2020–2021, and 2021–2022, respectively. Similarly, sunn hemp significantly increased spring corn yield by 70% and 136% relative to double‐cropped corn in 2020–2021 and 2021–2022, respectively. Overall, rotation with sunn hemp improved plant‐parasitic nematode management in forage corn production relative to rotations with only gramineous crops.
Statin use moderates APOE's and CRP's associations with dementia and is associated with lesser dementia severity in ε4 carriers
Authors: Royall Donald R. , Palmer Raymond F. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: December 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe tested the effect of statins on C‐reactive protein (CRP) and apolipoprotein E (APOE)'s associations with dementia severity.METHODSA total of 1725 participants of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were assigned from 12‐month follow‐up data into the following groups: (1) ε4 (–)/statin (–), (2) ε4 (–)/statin (+), (3) ε4 (+)/statin (–), and (4) ε4 (+)/statin (+). Dementia severity was assessed by a δ homolog: “dHABS.” A mediation model was stratified on statin use and moderation effects tested by a chi‐square difference.RESULTSPlasma CRP level decreased with ε4 allelic dose. Statins had no effect on the dHABS d‐score in non‐carriers but were associated with better scores in carriers. Treated carriers did not have more severe dementia than non‐carriers. Statin use moderated the mutual adjusted effects of APOE and CRP. CRP was not a mediator of APOE's effect.DISCUSSIONStatins may provide a protective effect on the dementia severity of ε4 carriers.Highlights
δ is a dementia‐specific phenotype related to general intelligence “g” and is assessed via a “d‐score.”
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and plasma C‐reactive protein (CRP) are independently associated with δ.
Plasma CRP decreases with ε4 allelic dose.
Statins were associated with better (less demented) d‐scores in ε4 carriers but had no effect in non‐ε4 carriers.
Treated ε4 carriers did not have more severe dementia than non‐carriers.
Statin use moderated the effects of APOE and CRP on δ.
CRP was not a mediator of APOE's effect on δ.
Cascade In Situ Self‐Assembly and Bioorthogonal Reaction Enable the Enrichment of Photosensitizers and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors for Pretargeted Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Wen Xidan , Zeng Wenhui , Zhang Junya , Liu Yili , Miao Yinxing , Liu Shaohai , Yang Yanling , Xu Jing‐Juan , Ye Deju 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report here a tumor‐pretargted theranostic approach for multimodality imaging‐guided synergistic cancer PDT by cascade alkaline phosphatase (ALP)‐mediated in situ self‐assembly and bioorthogonal inverse electron demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) reaction. Using the enzymatic catalysis of ALP that continuously catalyses the dephosphorylation and self‐assembly of trans‐cyclooctene (TCO)‐bearing P‐FFGd‐TCO, a high density of fluorescent and magnetic TCO‐containing nanoparticles (FMNPs‐TCO) can be synthesized and retained on the membrane of tumor cells. They can act as ‘artificial antigens’ amenable to concurrently capture lately administrated tetrazine (Tz)‐decorated PS (775NP‐Tz) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor (SA‐Tz) via the fast IEDDA reaction. This two‐step pretargeting process can further induce FMNPs‐TCO regrowth into microparticles (FMNPs‐775/SA) directly on tumor cell membranes, which is analyzed by bio‐SEM and fluorescence imaging. Thus, efficient enrichment of both SA‐Tz and 775NP‐Tz in tumors can be achieved, allowing to alleviate hypoxia by continuously inhibiting CA activity and improving PDT of tumors. Findings show that subcutaneous HeLa tumors could be completely eradicated and no tumor recurred after irradiation with an 808 nm laser (0.33 W cm−2, 10 min). This pretargeted approach may be applied to enrich other therapeutic agents in tumors to improve targeted therapy.
Synthesis of a graft‐functionalized flame retardant based on DOPO and its application on the surface of terylene/cotton fabrics
Authors: Shi Zhehang , Luo Fubin , Li Hongzhou , Chen Denglong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTerylene/cotton (TC) fabrics are widely used in the textile industry because of their superior softness and durability. In addition, its high combustibility leads to a great safety hazard, and the droplet phenomenon during combustion is particularly serious. 9‐oxa‐10‐phospha‐9,10‐dihydrophenanthrene 10‐oxide (DOPO) and its derivatives are frequently used as eco‐friendly flame retardants in large quantities in substrates. It would be difficult to apply to the surface of the fabric, and the addition of large amounts would lead to a decrease in the mechanical properties. Therefore, it is necessary to design a strategy for graft‐functionalized flame retardants that can be applied to surfaces. Here, this study reported a washing‐fastness flame‐retardant coating (DOPO‐p) synthesized from DOPO and p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde (p‐HBA), coatings with a low weight growth and high flame‐retardant efficiency are prepared by the strategy of dissolving with organic solvents. Water and dry‐cleaning tests showed excellent washing fastness of TC fabrics. In the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, the finished fabric achieved a LOI value of 22.9%. In the cone calorimetry test, the peak of heat release rate of the finished fabric is decreased by 27% and CO2 release is reduced by 29% when the coating weight growth was only 3.3 wt%.
Experimentelle Bestimmung der Ermüdungseigenschaften von heftgeschweißter Bewehrung
Authors: Gaßner Kerstin , Träger Wolfgang , Reichenbach Sara , Kollegger Johann 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAm Institut für Tragkonstruktionen der TU Wien wurden in den letzten Jahren unterschiedliche Einsatzmöglichkeiten für Halbfertigteilelemente im Brückenbau entwickelt. Aufgrund der Wichtigkeit der Betrachtung von Materialermüdung ist ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die eingebaute heftgeschweißte Bewehrung zu legen. Nach einem kurzen Überblick über die Einsatzmöglichkeiten wie auch die allgemein gültigen Regelungen in Bezug auf Materialermüdung werden im vorliegenden Beitrag experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung der Ermüdungseigenschaften von heftgeschweißter Bewehrung vorgestellt. Die Eigenschaften wurden einerseits mithilfe von 18 zentrischen Zugversuchen an Bewehrungsstäben mit angehefteten Querstäben, anderseits mithilfe von zwölf großformatigen, auf Biegung beanspruchten Balkenelementen untersucht. Als wesentliche Erkenntnis kann das Vorhandensein einer Restphase bei einem realitätsnahen System genannt werden, wodurch sich ein Zeitraum zwischen dem ersten Stabbruch und dem Totalkollaps des Systems ergibt. Dieses Verhalten wird für die Anwendung in der Praxis als vorteilhaft gesehen, da sich eine Reaktionszeit für die Setzung von etwaigen baulichen Maßnahmen ergibt.
Bayesian optimal stepped wedge design
Authors: Singh Satya Prakash 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecently, there has been a growing interest in designing cluster trials using stepped wedge design (SWD). An SWD is a type of cluster–crossover design in which clusters of individuals are randomized unidirectional from a control to an intervention at certain time points. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) that measures the dependency of subject within a cluster plays an important role in design and analysis of stepped wedge trials. In this paper, we discuss a Bayesian approach to address the dependency of SWD on the ICC and robust Bayesian SWDs are proposed. Bayesian design is shown to be more robust against the misspecification of the parameter values compared to the locally optimal design. Designs are obtained for the various choices of priors assigned to the ICC. A detailed sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the robustness of proposed optimal designs. The power superiority of Bayesian design against the commonly used balanced design is demonstrated numerically using hypothetical as well as real scenarios.
Restoration of historic gypsum masonry
Authors: Eckart Angela , Burkert Toralf 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIncompatibilities between the original substance containing gypsum in historically significant buildings and modern hydraulic repair materials have been known for over 80 years. However, as a result of expansion phenomena, a lot of culturally and historically valuable buildings in Germany have been irretrievably destroyed in recent decades. In a project of the Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt, the question of which materials and which technologies are suitable for the renovation of masonry containing gypsum was investigated.
Modeling of the “grain – binding shell” system for refractory concretes structure
Authors: Nagorniy Andriy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAmong with the fundamentally new concepts toward of the refractory concretes thermal‐shock resistance increasing is obtaining products with specified properties by controlling their structural parameters. The structure of refractory materials is one of the most important and common features and is characterized by the distribution of structural elements (grains, bond, macro‐ and microdefects), their quantitative ratio and relationship.Industrial refractory concretes are made of relatively large grains (up to 4 mm) and dispersed particles (less than 0.06 mm), the quantitative ratio, chemical and mineralogical composition of which varies within enough wide limits. As a result, the concrete structure is formed with a high degree of heterogeneity, different thermo‐mechanical properties of its several components, as well as with a significant content of pores and microcracks. In addition, a change in temperature causes the appearance of significant internal stresses and general deformation or destruction of the concrete.
CO2‐arme Bindemittel zur Herstellung hoch beanspruchter Betone
Authors: Rasch Stefan , Pulkin Maxim , Neumann Thomas 
Published: December 2023

KurzfassungDer Einsatz alkalisch aktivierter Bindemittel (AAB) bzw. Geopolymere wird im Wesentlichen durch zwei Gründe motiviert. Dem ersten Grund liegt der Nachhaltigkeitsaspekt zugrunde bzw. die Reduzierung herstellbedingter CO2‐Emissionen. Der zweite Grund liegt in der hohen chemischen und thermischen Stabilität der entsprechenden Betone begründet. Ein sinnvoller Einsatz von AAB und Geopolymeren ergibt sich immer dann, wenn Betoneigenschaften erreicht werden, die mit derzeitigen Normenzementen nicht möglich wären. Aufgrund des hohen Wasseranspruchs wurden Geopolymere in der Vergangenheit nicht oder nur in Nischenprodukten eingesetzt. Unter der Voraussetzung, dass bei der Betonherstellung sehr niedrige Wasser/Bindemittel‐Werte eingestellt werden, können AAB‐ oder Geopolymerbetone ein äußerst dichtes und widerstandsfähiges Mikrogefüge ausbilden. Neuartige Zusatzmittel ermöglichen inzwischen auch für diese Betone sehr gute Verarbeitungseigenschaften. Insbesondere der hohe chemische Widerstand und der hohe thermische Widerstand von AAB‐ und Geopolymerbetonen führen zu einer Erweiterung der bisherigen Betonanwendungen. Die Entwicklung des Bindemittels Duracrete® GP zielt genau auf diese Anwendungsfälle. Beispielhaft werden im Folgenden Anwendungsbeispiele aufgeführt bei denen Werkstoffe auf Basis von Kunststoff, GFK, Steinzeug oder Keramik durch Duracrete® GP – Beton ersetzt wurden.
Studies on the compatibility of different superplasticizers with alkaline activators for low calcium geopolymer binders.
Authors: Partschefeld Stephan , Tutal Adrian , Halmanseder Thomas , Osburg Andrea 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe cement industry is coming into focus, as the annual production of around 4 Gt of cement is responsible for the emission of 1.5 Gt of CO2 and thus for over 8 % of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This leads to the search for alternative binders. Such binders are calcined clays, which are available worldwide but vary greatly in their chemical and mineralogical composition. In many studies, particularly low‐calcium metakaolin is used as calcined clay, which reacts to form a low‐calcium aluminosilicate binder when mixed with a calcium‐free alkaline activator. The adjustment of the properties in the fresh state, especially regarding the consistency of these binders, is almost exclusively achieved by the addition of water, since commercially available superplasticizers are usually ineffective in low calcium geopolymer systems. The objective of this study was to investigate various PCE superplasticizers (MPEG‐, IPEG‐, HPEG‐PCE) with respect to their stability in different alkaline activators (NaOH, KOH, sodium, and potassium silicate solutions). The effectiveness of superplasticizers in low calcium geopolymer binders was verified by rheological tests. Size exclusion chromatography was used to investigate if structural degradation of the superplasticizers occurs. The investigated PCE superplasticizers showed no liquefying effect in the low calcium geopolymer system. This is due to a degradation process, i.e., the hydrolysis of the PEG side chains depending on the alkalinity of the activator.
40 Years of PCE Superplasticizers ‐ Current State of the Art and Future Perspectives
Authors: Lei Lei , Plank Johann 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith over 15 Mio tons of annual production, polycarboxylates (PCEs) currently dominate the global superplasticizer market. Among them, HPEG and IPEG PCEs have attained a prominent position as they present the most cost‐effective PCEs known at present. Recently, new vinyl ether PCEs designated as EPEG and GPEG PCEs were introduced, thus broadening the family of VPEG PCEs. Furthermore, novel phosphated comb polymers which significantly reduce the stickiness of concrete have been developed. For calcined clay blended cements, HPEG PCEs of specific molecular design as well as zwitterionic (amphoteric) PCEs have proven to be highly effective. Moreover, NaOH activated AAS binder systems were successfully fluidized with APEG or HPEG PCEs exhibiting particularly short side chains (nEO < 10). While for Na2CO3, Na2SiO3 and Na2SO4 activated systems, the search for effective superplasticizers is still ongoing. This review underlines the critical role which chemical admixtures will play in the successful transition of the construction industry to a net zero carbon age.
Gipsputz auf Basis von recyceltem Gips
Authors: Nowak Saskia , Böcker Aletta , Dreuse Heike , Crome Tobias , Losch Grit , Schuler Hilaria , Malsch Paul 
Published: December 2023

KurzfassungMit der Umsetzung des Kohleausstiegs, und der damit einhergehenden Verringerung der REA‐Gips‐Verfügbarkeit, wurde damit begonnen Recycling‐Gips (RC‐Gips) aus Gipsabfall und Gipsanfallstoffen zu gewinnen. Dabei ist momentan nur das Recycling von Gipskartonplatten etabliert. Die Verwendung von RC‐Gips für andere Bauprodukte als Gipskartonplatten, wie z.B. Estrich‐, Mauer‐ oder Putzmörtel ist praktisch unerforscht.Vorgestellt werden Forschungsergebnisse zur Entwicklung eines RC‐Maschinengipsputzes, dessen Verarbeitungsverhalten und Nutzungseigenschaften marktüblichen Produkten und den Anforderungen nach Norm entsprechen soll.
Mechanisms of thixotropy in cement suspensions considering influences from shear history and hydration
Authors: Link Julian , Strybny Bastian , Divoux Thibaut , Sowoidnich Thomas , Coenen Max , Gstöhl Stefan , Schlepütz Christian M. , Zuber Marcus , Hellmann Steffen , Rößler Christiane , Lützenkirchen Johannes , Heberling Frank , Manneville Sébastien , Schäfer Thorsten , Ludwig Horst‐Michael , Haist Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe rheological properties of fresh concrete are a direct function of the interaction behaviour of the granular inventory of the concrete (i.e., gravel, sand and cement) and especially of the colloidal fractions of cement. Under low shear stresses, agglomeration of colloidal particles is observed, while at high shear stresses, dispersion of these agglomerates occurs. Besides the agglomeration state, the formation of shear banding, zones with concentrated shear flow, is another controlling mechanism of the flow behaviour of cement suspensions. Rheological creep tests in this study are focused on investigating the influence of shear history and hydration process on thixotropy of cement suspension. In this paper, the meaning of the word thixotropy is slightly extended to additionally encompass rheological aging and hydration effects. Selected samples were analyzed by coupling a rheometer to synchrotron X‐ray tomography to gain insight into the shear‐induced microstructural changes during shear start‐up tests. The observations show heterogeneities in the velocity profile in the shear gap and the development of shear banding.
Material‐minimised construction with extruded textile reinforced concrete
Authors: Kalthoff Matthias , Cruz Cynthia Morales , Raupach Michael , Matschei Thomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe use of textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is particularly suitable for producing sustainable, material‐minimised components, as it allows for a significant reduction in the amount of concrete cover required compared to steel reinforced concrete (SRC). Instead of steel, fibres made of glass, aramid or carbon are used as reinforcement, which are processed from rovings into textiles with a polymer or mineral impregnation. Among these, carbon reinforcements have the highest tensile strength and alkali resistance, making them the most durable in concrete and requiring less maintenance over time. An innovative approach is the production of TRC structures by means of extrusion, in which the stiff, fresh concrete is continuously pressed through a shaping mouthpiece, giving the product its final shape. Within the scope of the CRC/Transregio 280, a new mouthpiece was developed that enables the horizontal introduction of stiff, impregnated textiles. The carbon TRC produced in this process showed a textile stress of up to 4,000 MPa. Additionally, solutions are presented that allow the characterization of stiff, fresh concrete and technical limits for shaping fresh, extruded TRC elements. The potential of this new production method is illustrated through the example of a compound component made of extruded TRC elements.