bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic properties and electron oxidation state transition of immunomagnetic nanoparticles specifically captured with the target bacteria
Authors: Jirarungsatian Chalermkiat , Tuitemwong Pravate , Phung-On Isaratat , Poo-arporn Yingyot , Wachiralurpan Sirirat 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Immunomagnetic nanoparticles (IMNPs) have been widely applied for the capture and concentration in the rapid detection of target bacteria. In this research, the focus was on studying the changes in magnetic properties changes of the IMNPs when they were attached to bacterial cells. These alterations in properties could facilitate an even rapid detection of the target bacteria and eliminate the need for culturing on plating media. The variation of magnetizing values, including saturated magnetization (Ms), remanent magnetization (Mr), coercivity force (Hc), and magnetic susceptibility (χm), was analysed through M-H loops. It was observed that the magnetizing properties of the IMNPs underwent changes based on the concentrations of Salmonella Typhimurium cells in the test solution. The correlation of this phenomenon was confirmed by the results of synchrotron x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), which revealed electronic transition changes in the IMNPs after capturing the bacteria cells. Additionally, the electronic bands of the magnetite nanoparticle [Fe(II) and Fe(III)] were detected, indicating an electronic transformation between the Salmonella cells and the bound IMNPs. The XAS change was further verified using different cell types, such as Campylobacter jejuni which also showed electronic transformation after attaching to IMNPs. These findings suggest that IMNP-cell attachment triggered the change in the magnetic properties of IMNPs. Such insights could serve as valuable information for the development of novel rapid bacteria detection assays/devices using magnetic sensing techniques.
A kinetic study on oxygen redox reaction of a double-perovskite reversible oxygen electrode—Part I: Experimental analysis
Authors: Asensio Antonio Maria , Bianchi Fiammetta Rita , Clematis Davide , Bosio Barbara , Barbucci Antonio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The carbon-free energy transition requires the spread of advanced technologies based on high-performing materials. In this framework and particularly referring to electrochemical energy converting systems, double perovskites are arousing more and more interest as mixed ionic electronic conductors with flexible manufacturing, appropriate tailoring for many tasks and high chemical stability. Among their possible applications, they form excellent oxygen electrodes in solid oxide cell technology used as fuel cells, steam/CO2 electrolysis cells and electrochemical air separation units. In view of the encouraging results shown by SmBa1−x
Ca
x
Co2O5+δ
co-doped double perovskite, this research work aims at a detailed analysis of SmBa0.8Ca0.2Co2O5+δ
performance and the identification of kinetic paths for oxygen reduction and oxidation reactions. The electrochemical characterization was performed over a wide range of operation conditions to evaluate the electrode reversible behaviour and the interplay of the recognized phenomena governing the overall electrode kinetics.
Characteristics and treatment options of glucagonomas: a national study from the French Group of Endocrine Tumors and ENDOCAN-RENATEN network
Authors: Perrier Marine , Brugel Mathias , Gérard Laura , Goichot Bernard , Lièvre Astrid , Lepage Come , Hautefeuille Vincent , Do Cao Christine , Smith Denis , Thuillier Philippe , Cros Jérôme , Cadiot Guillaume , Walter Thomas , de Mestier Louis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Glucagonoma is a very rare functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET). We aimed to provide data on the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of patients with glucagonoma.

Design and Methods
In this retrospective national cohort, we included all patients with glucagonoma, defined by at least 1 major criterion (necrolytic migratory erythema [NME] and/or recent-onset diabetes, and/or weight loss ≥ 5 kg) associated with either glucagonemia &gt; 2 × upper limit of normal or positive glucagon immunostaining. Antisecretory efficacy was defined as partial/complete resolution of glucagonoma symptoms. Antitumor efficacy was assessed according to the time to next treatment (TTNT).

Results
Thirty-eight patients were included with median age 58.7 yo, primary PanNET located in the tail (68.4%), synchronous metastases (63.2%). Median Ki-67 index was 3%. Most frequent glucagonoma symptoms at diagnosis were NME (86.8%), weight loss (68.4%), and diabetes (50%). Surgery of the primary PanNET was performed in 76.3% of cases, mainly with curative intent (61.5%). After surgery, complete resolution of NME was seen in 93.8% (n = 15/16). The secretory response rates were 85.7%, 85.7%, 75%, and 60% with surgery of metastases (n = 6/7), chemotherapy (n = 6/7), liver-directed therapy (n = 6/8), and somatostatin analogs (n = 6/10), respectively. All lines combined, longer TTNT was reported with chemotherapy (20.2 months). Median overall survival (OS) was 17.3 years. The Ki-67 index &gt; 3% was associated with shorter OS (hazard ratio 5.27, 95% CI [1.11-24.96], P = .036).

Conclusion
Patients with glucagonoma had prolonged survival, even in the presence of metastases at diagnosis. Curative-intent surgery should always be considered. Chemotherapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, or liver-directed therapy seems to provide both substantial antitumor and antisecretory efficacies.
Sex-specific lifetime risk of cardiovascular events: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk prospective population cohort study
Authors: Pana Tiberiu A , Mamas Mamas A , Wareham Nicholas J , Khaw Kay-Tee , Dawson Dana K , Myint Phyo K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aims
Better understanding of sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is essential in tailoring appropriate preventative strategies. Using a large population-based study with follow-up &gt;25 years, we aimed to determine sex-specific lifetime risks of incident CVD and cardiovascular (CV) mortality amongst populations with and without prevalent CVD.

Methods and results
Participants were drawn from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk and followed up for a median of 26.2 years. Sex-specific lifetime risks were ascertained accounting for the competing risk of death. Models were adjusted for ethnicity and time-updated covariates: material deprivation, CV risk factors, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, and medication. A total of 23 859 participants [54.5% women; mean age (standard deviation) 59.2 (9.3) years at baseline] were included. Adjusted lifetime risks of incident CVD were higher in men than in women (69.1 vs. 57.7% at age 75): cause-specific hazard ratio (cHR) (99% confidence interval)—1.49 (1.41–1.57), while the risks of CV mortality at age 75 were 4.4% (men) and 3.1% (women): cHR—1.42 (1.31–1.54). Myocardial infarction was the predominant first presentation in men until the eighth decade. In women, the first CVD manifestations after their sixth decade were predominantly atrial fibrillation and stroke. The male-associated excess relative risks of incident CVD and CV mortality were halved in people with prevalent CVD.

Conclusion
We characterized the sex-specific lifetime CV risks in a large cohort. Men had substantially higher risk of incident CVD and CV mortality than women, which was attenuated amongst people with prevalent CVD. Our findings provide an evidence base for sex-specific CV prevention.
Assessing past and future COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the United States in light of federal policy changes
Authors: Haeder Simon F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Vaccinations provide an effective solution against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Using a national survey (n = 3958), this study explored vaccination hesitancy for various COVID-19 vaccines and boosters, including the newly released annual vaccine for fall and winter 2023–2024. It also assessed support for federal funding for COVID-19 testing, vaccinations, and treatment. Consistent correlates of past vaccination refusal were perceptions of vaccines as safe and important, previous COVID-19 tests, concern about COVID-19, having voted for President Trump, higher religiosity, being liberal, trust in health institutions, health insurance status, and education. Other predictors showed inconsistent results across the various stages. Drivers of vaccination refusal were concerns about vaccine safety and side effects, perceived lack of information, and having previously contracted COVID-19. Intention to vaccinate was associated with concerns about COVID-19, liberalism, and trust in health institutions. Other factors were intermittently significant. We found consistent support for federal funding for those concerned about COVID-19, those concerned about the effectiveness of existing vaccines, those with trust in health institutions, those who thought vaccines are important, women, and those with lower levels of education. Opposition came from conservatives and Trump voters.
Poverty Mapping Under Area-Level Random Regression Coefficient Poisson Models
Authors: Diz-Rosales Naomi , Lombardía María José , Morales Domingo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Under an area-level random regression coefficient Poisson model, this article derives small area predictors of counts and proportions and introduces bootstrap estimators of the mean squared errors (MSEs). The maximum likelihood estimators of the model parameters and the mode predictors of the random effects are calculated by a Laplace approximation algorithm. Simulation experiments are implemented to investigate the behavior of the fitting algorithm, the predictors, and the MSE estimators with and without bias correction. The new statistical methodology is applied to data from the Spanish Living Conditions Survey. The target is to estimate the proportions of women and men under the poverty line by province.
A relativistic outflow model of the X-ray polarization in Cyg X-1
Authors: Dexter Jason , Begelman Mitchell C 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We propose that the polarization of the emission from the X-ray binary Cygnus X-1, measured using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, is imprinted by bulk Comptonization of coronal emission in a mildly relativistic wind or jet with a hollow-cone geometry. Models based on scattering in a static corona overlying a thin accretion disc have difficulty reproducing the relatively high-polarization degree (PD $\sim 4~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) concurrently with the low inclination (∼30°) of the binary orbit. We show that bulk outflow with a Lorentz factor ≳1.5 is adequate to reproduce the observed PD, with position angle parallel to the large-scale jet, provided that the scattering occurs in a conical sheath offset from the jet axis and our line of sight aligns roughly with the opening angle of the cone. Physically, this flow geometry could represent the entrainment of dense material near the base of an accelerating jet as it passes through the disc corona, or a slow (but still relativistic) sheath around a fast jet. If similar outflows are present in other X-ray binaries at higher inclination, we might expect to see still higher degrees of linear polarization ${\lesssim} 10~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ with an orientation perpendicular to the jet direction.
Macroscopic model and statistical model to characterize electromagnetic information of a digital coding metasurface
Authors: Shao Rui Wen , Wu Jun Wei , Wang Zheng Xing , Xu Hui , Yang Han Qing , Cheng Qiang , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
A digital coding metasurface is a platform connecting the digital space and electromagnetic wave space, and has therefore gained much attention due to its intriguing value in reshaping wireless channels and realizing new communication architectures. Correspondingly, there is an urgent need for electromagnetic information theory that reveals the upper limit of communication capacity and supports the accurate design of metasurface-based communication systems. To this end, we propose a macroscopic model and a statistical model of the digital coding metasurface. The macroscopic model uniformly accommodates both digital and electromagnetic aspects of the meta-atoms and predicts all possible scattered fields of the digital coding metasurface based on a small number of simulations or measurements. Full-wave simulations and experimental results show that the macroscopic model is feasible and accurate. A statistical model is further proposed to correlate the mutual coupling between meta-atoms with covariance and to calculate the entropy of the equivalent currents of digital coding metasurface. These two models can help reconfigurable intelligent surfaces achieve more accurate beamforming and channel estimation, and thus improve signal power and coverage. Moreover, the models will encourage the creation of a precoding codebook in metasurface-based direct digital modulation systems, with the aim of approaching the upper limit of channel capacity. With these two models, the concepts of current space and current entropy, as well as the analysis of information loss from the coding space to wave space, is established for the first time, helping to bridge the gap between the digital world and the physical world, and advancing developments of electromagnetic information theory and new-architecture wireless systems.
Postoperative Computed Tomography (CT) Scans of Acetabular Fractures Routinely Identify Indications for Revision Surgery
Authors: Kim Ye Joon , Lencioni Alex M , Tucker Nicholas J , Strage Katya E , Parry Joshua A , Mauffrey Cyril 
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the utility of postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans in identifying indications for revision surgery after surgical fixation of acetabular fractures.
METHODS

Design:
Retrospective cohort study

Setting:
Urban level 1 trauma center

Patient Selection Criteria:
Patients with surgically treated acetabular fractures with surgical fixation (open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or percutaneous fixation) with routine postoperative CT scans

Outcome Measures and Comparisons:
Primary outcome - revision surgery based on postoperative imaging, including intraarticular osteochondral fragments, implant complications, and malreductions. Secondary outcome – quality of reduction on radiographs versus CT scans.

RESULTS:
148 patients were included. The revision surgery rate was 15.5% (23/148); indications included malpositioned implants (6.7%, n=10), malreductions (5.4%, n=8), and intraarticular loose bodies (3.4%, n=5). Only 8.7% (2/23) of the indications for revision surgery were identified on postoperative radiographs, with the remainder being identified on CT scans. Revision surgeries were found to be associated with male gender (Proportional difference (PD): 19.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.4% to 29.4%; p=0.04) and T-type fractures (PD: 28.7%, CI: 9.0% to 48.9%; p=0.001). Revision surgery was not found to be associated with age, BMI, posterior wall fractures, concurrent pelvic ring fractures, or surgical approach. On radiographs, 51.3% (n=76/148) had anatomic reductions (<2 mm) compared to only 10.2% (n=15/148) on CT scans.

Conclusions:
Indications for revision acetabular ORIF surgeries and poor reductions were frequently missed on plain radiography while identified on postoperative CT scans. This suggests the use of advanced imaging such as intraoperative 3D imaging or postoperative CT scans may be beneficial.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comprehensive analysis of pediatric elbow radiographic lines and angles
Authors: Bašković Marko , Gregov Andrija 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
The study aimed to determine relevant radiographic lines and angles of children's elbow

Methods:

Design:
A retrospective cross-sectional study

Setting:
Tertiary pediatric trauma center

Patient Selection Criteria:
X-rays of healthy children's elbows aged 0-18 years, in whom the radiographic image of the elbow in two projections was read without signs of fracture and possible indirect signs of fracture, while the exclusion criterion was a clearly visible poor image projection.

Outcome Measures and Comparisons: Gender, age [patients were divided into six groups -group 1 (0-3 years), group 2 (4-6 years), group 3 (7-9 years), group 4 (10-12 years), group 5 (13-15 years), group 6 (16-18 years)], side, intersection of the radiocapitellar line in the anteroposterior projection, intersection of the radiocapitellar line in the lateral projection, intersection of the anterior humeral line, Baumann angle, carrying angle, lateral capitellohumeral angle, shaft condylar angle, intersection of the coronoid line and radioulnar overlap.

Results:
200 elbows were evaluated. The radiocapitellar line in AP and lateral projections passed through the middle third of the capitellum in 74.5% and 93%, respectively. The anterior humeral line passed through the middle third of the capitellum in 88.5% of cases. When observing the proportion of radiocapitellar lines passing through the middle third of the capitellum in the AP, with increasing age an increasing proportion of lines pass through the middle third of the capitellum [from 8.3% in group 1 (0 to 3 years) to 94.1% in group 6 (16 to 18 years), p = 0.001] and lateral projection (from 50% in group 1 to 100% in group 6, p = 0.023) and anterior humeral line (from 25% in group 1 to 100% in group 6, p = 0.0001). The mean Baumman angle, carrying angle, lateral capitellohumeral angle, shaft condylar angle were 71.59°, 10.97°, 50.84°, and 55.31°, respectively. With age, the shaft condylar angle records the greatest increase (from 41.6° in group 1 to 68.2° in group 6, p = 0.000). A correlation was observed between Baumann's angle and carrying angle (r = - 0.674) and between Baumann's angle and radioulnar overlap (r = 0.542).

Conclusions:
Considering the anatomical variability of children's elbow, radiological measurements and their interpretation, in the context of timely diagnostics, must be approached with great caution, especially in younger age groups, because it is with them that the largest proportion of lines and angles do not follow established principles.
Lipedema Reduction Surgery Improves Pain, Mobility, Physical Function, and Quality of Life: Case Series Report
Authors: Wright Thomas , Babula Megan , Schwartz Jaime , Wright Corbin , Danesh Noah , Herbst Karen 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Lipedema is a chronic inflammatory subcutaneous adipose-rich connective tissue disease affecting millions of women worldwide. Disproportionate fat accumulation on the extremities characterized by heaviness, tenderness, and swelling can affect function, mobility, and quality of life. Treatments include conservative measures and lipedema reduction surgery (LRS). Here, we report lipedema comorbidities and surgical techniques, outcomes measures, and complications after LRS.

Methods:
This is a single outpatient clinic retrospective chart review case series of comorbidities and complications in 189 women with lipedema. Bioelectrical impedance analyses, knee kinematics, gait, physical examinations, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, and RAND Short Form-36 questionnaires collected before and after LRS were analyzed for 66 of the 189 women. Hemoglobin levels were measured by transdermal hemoglobin monitor (Masimo noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring; Irvine, Calif.).

Results:
Common comorbidities in 189 women were hypermobile joints (50.5%), spider/varicose veins (48.6/24.5%), arthritis (29.1%), and hypothyroidism (25.9%). The most common complication in 5.5% of these women after LRS was lightheadedness with a 2-g reduction or more in hemoglobin. After conservative measures and LRS in 66 women, significant improvements (P ≤ 0.0009) were found for: (1) knee flexion (10 degrees); (2) gait; (3) Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System T-score (16%); (4) mobility questions: gait velocity, rising from a chair, stair ascent; (5) RAND Short Form-36 scores: physical functioning, energy/fatigue, emotional well-being, social function, general health; (6) and Bioelectrical impedance analyses total and segmental body fat mass.

Conclusion:
LRS provided significant improvements to women with lipedema using direct physical measurements and validated outcome measures, comparable to those seen after total knee replacement.
A Review on the Role of Exercise Training to Prevent a Decline in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiac Function in Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Foulkes Stephen J. , Howden Erin J. , Pituskin Edith , Thompson Richard B. , La Gerche André , Haykowsky Mark J. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
Improvements in diagnosis and treatment mean that the long-term health of breast cancer survivors (BCS) is increasingly dictated by cardiovascular comorbidities. This is partly a consequence of exposure to cardiotoxic therapies, which result in cardiac dysfunction and decreased cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Exercise training (ExT) is a key therapeutic strategy for secondary prevention and increasing CRF in adults with established cardiovascular disease. Exercise-based cardio-oncology rehabilitation (CORE) has been proposed as an emerging strategy to address CRF and cardiac impairment in BCS. This review aims to (1) provide an overview of the impact of breast cancer therapy on CRF; (2) provide an up-to-date summary of the effects of ExT on CRF and cardiac function in BCS undergoing cardiotoxic therapy; and (3) discuss how traditional ExT approaches can be adapted for BCS undergoing therapy.

Review methods:
A literature review was performed based on an intensive literature search for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, randomized and non-randomized controlled trials and single-arm trials investigating the impact of exercise training or cardiac rehabilitation on CRF and/or cardiac function in BCS who are undergoing or have completed cardiotoxic cancer therapy.

Summary:
Overall, current evidence suggests that ExT induces clinically meaningful benefits for CRF in BCS during and after therapy. There is also emerging evidence that ExT can improve peak exercise measures of cardiac function; however, there is a need for further research to understand how to adapt these effective ExT approaches into clinical CORE-based settings.