bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Priorities, Decisional Comfort, and Satisfaction with Metformin versus Insulin for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Venkatesh Kartik K. , Wu Jiqiang , Trinh Anne , Cross Sharon , Rice Donna , Powe Camille E. , Brindle Stephanie , Andreatta Sophia , Bartholomew Anna , MacPherson Cora , Costantine Maged M. , Saade George , McAlearney Ann Scheck , Grobman William A. , Landon Mark B. 
Published: December 2023

Objective We compared patient priorities, decisional comfort, and satisfaction with treating gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with metformin versus insulin among pregnant individuals with GDM requiring pharmacotherapy.
Study Design We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients' perspectives about GDM pharmacotherapy in an integrated prenatal and diabetes care program from October 19, 2022, to August 24, 2023. The exposure was metformin versus insulin as the initial medication decision. Outcomes included standardized measures of patient priorities, decisional comfort, and satisfaction about their medication decision.
Results Among 144 assessed individuals, 60.4% were prescribed metformin and 39.6% were prescribed insulin. Minoritized individuals were more likely to receive metformin compared with non-Hispanic White individuals (34.9 vs. 17.5%; p = 0.03). Individuals who were willing to participate in a GDM pharmacotherapy clinical trial were more likely to receive insulin than those who were unwilling (30.4 vs. 19.5%; p = 0.02). Individuals receiving metformin were more likely to report prioritizing avoiding injections (62.4 vs. 19.3%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.83; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–7.31), wanting to take a medication no more than twice daily (56.0 vs. 30.4%; aOR: 3.67; 95% CI: 1.56–8.67), and believing that both medications can equally prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes (70.9 vs. 52.6%; aOR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.19–6.03). Conversely, they were less likely to report prioritizing a medication that crosses the placenta (39.1 vs. 82.5%; aOR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.03–0.25) and needing supplemental insulin to achieve glycemic control (21.2 vs. 47.4%; aOR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.15–0.90). Individuals reported similarly high (mean score > 80%) levels of decisional comfort, personal satisfaction with medication decision-making, and satisfaction about their conversation with their provider about their medication decision with metformin and insulin (p ≥ 0.05 for all).
Conclusion Individuals with GDM requiring pharmacotherapy reported high levels of decision comfort and satisfaction with both metformin and insulin, although they expressed different priorities in medication decision-making. These results can inform future patient-centered GDM treatment strategies.
Key Points:
Neurorehabilitation for Adults with Brain and Spine Tumors
Authors: Hunter Hanna , Qin Evelyn , Wallingford Allison , Hyon April , Patel Amar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) malignancies (i.e. brain and spine tumors) and their treatments can result in a multitude of neurologic deficits. Patients with CNS malignancies experience physical, cognitive, and psychosocial sequelae that can impact their mobility and quality of life. Neurorehabilitation can play a critical role in maintaining independence, preventing disability, and optimizing safety with activities of daily living. This review provides an overview of the neurorehabilitation approaches for patients with CNS malignancies, neurologic impairments frequently treated, and rehabilitation interventions in various health care settings. In addition, we will highlight rehabilitative outcomes between patients with nononcologic neurologic conditions compared to brain and spine tumors. Finally, we address medical challenges that may impact rehabilitation care in these medically complex cancer patients.
High electrical characteristics through graphene oxide doping process on physicochemically reformed inorganic thin films
Authors: Yang Da-Bin , Oh Jin Young , Choi Bo-Kyeong , Lee Dong Wook , Kim Dong Hyun , Seo Dae-Shik 
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the improvement of the electro-optical properties of a liquid crystal (LC) cell fabricated through brush coating using graphene oxide (GO) doping. The physical deformation of the surface was analyzed using atomic force microscopy. The size of the groove increased as the GO dopant concentration increased, but the direction of the groove along the brush direction was maintained. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the number of C–C and O–Sn bonds increased as the GO concentration increased. Since the van der Waals force on the surface increases as the number of O–metal bonds increases, we were able to determine why the anchoring energy of the LC alignment layer increased. This was confirmed by residual DC voltage and anchoring energy measurements that were later performed. As the GO concentration increased, the width of the hysteresis curve decreased, indicating that the residual DC voltage decreased. Additionally, the 15% GO-doped sample exhibited a significant increase in its anchoring energy up to 1.34 × 10−3 J/m2, which is similar to that of rubbed polyimide. It also secured a high level of electro-optical properties and demonstrated potential as a next-generation thin-film display despite being produced via a simple brush-coating process.
Electronic and elastic correlations in AlB2-type two-dimensional hexagonal MBenes
Authors: Sharma Ashish , Rangra Vir Singh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With the advent of MXenes as two-dimensional (2D) materials beyond graphene, non carbonic 2D materials analogically referred as MBenes have significantly attracted researchers’ attention. Such 2D MBenes remains largely unexplored. Here, we systematically investigate electronic and elastic properties of 2D transition metal (TM) based AlB2-type hexagonal MBenes consisting of a honeycomb networked graphene like boron layer embedded with diverse TM atoms at center. First we determine the thermodynamic, dynamic, thermal, and mechanical stability of MBenes, considering a wide range of 3d, 4d, and 5d TM elements. Electronic and elastic calculations are performed for stable MBenes in order to parameterize and investigate the interdependence of properties. Elastic calculations predicts the brittle-ductile nature and bond character of MBenes while unraveling the in-plane auxetic behavior. Our electronic calculations predict the metallic band nature for 2D VB2, NbB2, TaB2, and WB2 along with previously reported dirac points in 2D TiB2, FeB2, ZrB2, and HfB2. The elastic and electronic calculations clearly indicates the non-directional metallic bonds and intrinsically ductile nature of 2D-FeB2 distinct from other MBenes. Subsequently we performed a covariance analysis to assess the correlation amongst the observables of interest and further establish the interdependence of the properties. Our calculations for elastic correlations also suggests that mechanical brittle-ductile nature and auxetic behavior of MBenes can be tuned by strain engineering of the elastic constants. Our results further suggests that strong correlations between Poisson ratio and d state electrons can be utilized to tune the auxetic behavior by careful doping of the materials. Our work demonstrates the weak elastic-electronic correlations, suggesting that the strain engineering can be utilized for the tailored behavior of MBenes for practical applications. Thus, our systematic analysis of the mechano-elastic and electronic properties of 2D hexagonal MBenes and their correlations advance our understandings of emergent 2D family.
Research on the measurement method of crankshaft coaxiality error based on three-dimensional point cloud
Authors: Dou Yaping , Zheng Shu , Ren Huiru , Gu Xuhui , Sui Wentao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the demand of rapid detection for coaxiality of crankshaft journal, a method of visual measurement of coaxiality error based on 3D point cloud is proposed. In this research, a laser scanner is utilized to obtain a 3D point cloud model of the part to be measured, and a circular method of rotary cutting is put forward to obtain equally spaced optimal slices of the journal. The center of the slice is then obtained using the Pratt circle fitting method optimized in this paper. After that, the center of the slice is used to obtain the common reference axis using the least squares method, which finally realizes the measurement of the coaxiality error. The experimental results show that the proposed method of getting the slices is more accurate, the maximum absolute error of the circle fitting method compared with the results of the coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is no more than 4.2 μm, and the maximum absolute error of the coaxiality detection results and the results of the CMM is 5.5 μm, which can satisfy the practical needs of fast and efficient measurement of the coaxiality error of crankshafts.
Estimation of rolling bearing remaining useful life using DReLU-RA-ConvGRU model based on the encoder–decoder structure
Authors: Wu Qile , Xiao Ke , Xiong Wanquan , Han Yanfeng , Song Bin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rolling bearings serve as indispensable core components in modern industrial equipment and they are critical for safety and reliability. Consequently, accurate prediction of their remaining useful life (RUL) is essential and has far-reaching implications. This paper proposes a novel RUL prediction model, referred to as the dynamic rectified linear unit-based residual additive attention ConvGRU (DReLU-RA-ConvGRU) model, which is built upon the encoder–decoder structure to accurately predict the RUL of bearings. To overcome the limitation of the original signal, characterized by a single feature and limited degradation information, three-domain features are employed and filtered as inputs to the model. The DReLU component in the proposed RUL prediction model effectively captures variable feature information within the degraded signal, while the ConvGRU component learns both temporal and spatial information with fewer parameters. Additionally, the RA component captures the significant contributors to RUL prediction, and the inclusion of residuals facilitates easier network learning. Furthermore, a three-dimensional visualization of the attention weights was conducted to enhance the interpretability of the network’s prediction process. In order to verify the effectiveness of the method, RUL prediction was conducted using vibration data from the PRONOSTIA platform and compared against several existing methods. The results demonstrate the method’s superior performance and feasibility, as indicated by high scores.
Hyperspectral photoluminescence and reflectance microscopy of 2D materials
Authors: Tebbe David , Schütte Marc , Kundu Baisali , Beschoten Bernd , Sahoo Prasana K , Waldecker Lutz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Optical micro-spectroscopy is an invaluable tool for studying and characterizing samples ranging from classical semiconductors to low-dimensional materials and heterostructures. To date, most implementations are based on point-scanning techniques, which are flexible and reliable, but slow. Here, we describe a setup for highly parallel acquisition of hyperspectral reflection and photoluminescence (PL) microscope images using a push-broom technique. Spatial as well as spectral distortions are characterized and their digital corrections are presented. We demonstrate close- to diffraction-limited spatial imaging performance and a spectral resolution limited by the spectrograph. The capabilities of the setup are demonstrated by recording a hyperspectral PL map of a MoSe2–WSe2 lateral heterostructure, grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), from which we extract the luminescence energies, intensities and peak widths across the interface.
The realisation of admissible graphs for coupled vector fields
Authors: Amorim Tiago de Albuquerque , Manoel Miriam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In a coupled network cells can interact in several ways. There is a vast literature from the last 20 years that investigates this interacting dynamics under a graph theory formalism, namely as a graph endowed with an input-equivalence relation on the set of vertices that enables a characterisation of the admissible vector fields that rules the network dynamics. The present work goes in the direction of answering an inverse problem: for

n
⩾
2

, any mapping on

R

n

can be realised as an admissible vector field for some graph with the number of vertices depending on (but not necessarily equal to) n. Given a mapping, we present a procedure to construct all non-equivalent admissible graphs, up to the appropriate equivalence relation. We also give an upper bound for the number of such graphs. As a consequence, invariant subspaces under the vector field can be investigated as the locus of synchrony states supported by an admissible graph, in the sense that a suitable graph can be chosen to realise couplings with more (or less) synchrony than another graph admissible to the same vector field. The approach provides in particular a systematic investigation of occurrence of chimera states in a network of van der Pol identical oscillators.
Invariant measures for a stochastic nonlinear and damped 2D Schrödinger equation
Authors: Brzeźniak Zdzisław , Ferrario Benedetta , Zanella Margherita 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We consider a stochastic nonlinear defocusing Schrödinger equation with zero-order linear damping, where the stochastic forcing term is given by a combination of a linear multiplicative noise in the Stratonovich form and a nonlinear noise in the Itô form. We work at the same time on compact Riemannian manifolds without boundary and on relatively compact smooth domains with either the Dirichlet or the Neumann boundary conditions, always in dimension two. We construct a martingale solution using a modified Faedo–Galerkin’s method, following Brzeźniak et al (2019 Probab. Theory Relat. Fields
174 1273–338). Then by means of the Strichartz estimates deduced from Blair et al (2008 Proc. Am. Math. Soc.
136 247–56) but modified for our stochastic setting we show the pathwise uniqueness of solutions. Finally, we prove the existence of an invariant measure by means of a version of the Krylov–Bogoliubov method, which involves the weak topology, as proposed by Maslowski and Seidler (1999 Atti Accad. Naz. Lincei Cl. Sci. Fis. Mat. Natur. Rend. Lincei (9) Mat. Appl.
10 69–78). This is the first result of this type for stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) on compact Riemannian manifolds without boundary and on relatively compact smooth domains even for an additive noise. Some remarks on the uniqueness in a particular case are provided as well.
Surface-based anthropomorphic bone structures for use in high-resolution simulated medical imaging
Authors: Sauer Thomas J , McCabe Cindy , Abadi Ehsan , Samei Ehsan , Segars W Paul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective. Virtual imaging trials enable efficient assessment and optimization of medical image devices and techniques via simulation rather than physical studies. These studies require realistic, detailed ground-truth models or phantoms of the relevant anatomy or physiology. Anatomical structures within computational phantoms are typically based on medical imaging data; however, for small and intricate structures (e.g. trabecular bone), it is not reasonable to use existing clinical data as the spatial resolution of the scans is insufficient. In this study, we develop a mathematical method to generate arbitrary-resolution bone structures within virtual patient models (XCAT phantoms) to model the appearance of CT-imaged trabecular bone. Approach. Given surface definitions of a bone, an algorithm was implemented to generate stochastic bicontinuous microstructures to form a network to define the trabecular bone structure with geometric and topological properties indicative of the bone. For an example adult male XCAT phantom (50th percentile in height and weight), the method was used to generate the trabecular structure of 46 chest bones. The produced models were validated in comparison with published properties of bones. The utility of the method was demonstrated with pilot CT and photon-counting CT simulations performed using the accurate DukeSim CT simulator on the XCAT phantom containing the detailed bone models. Main results. The method successfully generated the inner trabecular structure for the different bones of the chest, having quantiative measures similar to published values. The pilot simulations showed the ability of photon-counting CT to better resolve the trabecular detail emphasizing the necessity for high-resolution bone models. Significance. As demonstrated, the developed tools have great potential to provide ground truth simulations to access the ability of existing and emerging CT imaging technology to provide quantitative information about bone structures.
Characterizing piezoelectric properties of PVDF film under extreme loadings
Authors: Yu Yao , Li Jialin , Xie Zihao , Gong Xiaobo , Gao Guangjun , Wang Jiabin , Li Jian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a polymer has been proven to be an effective piezoelectric sensor with advantages of good flexibility, high mechanical strength, and high chemical resistance. Numerous studies have focused on the response of PVDF film at high strain rates, but few on low strain rate response, and the response of PVDF film at different strain rates is unknown. To address these limitations, we examine the piezoelectric properties of PVDF film at extreme high and low loading rates. We design quasi-static compression and dynamic split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test setups to examine the response of PVDF film. Quasi-static compression test results show that PVDF films have good repeatability and linearity. The charge shift phenomenon is observed at quasi-static loading conditions, and the charge shift rate is found to be related to the gain coefficient of charge amplifier. Next, SHPB tests are performed and results show that PVDF film can well capture the propagation of stress wave. Moreover, it is observed that the PVDF film under high loading rate has a higher failure strength in comparison to that of low loading rate. Finally, based on the measured points by quasi-static compression and SHPB tests, the piezoelectric coefficients of PVDF film under extreme low (on the scale of strain rate of 10−2 s−1) and extreme high (on the scale of strain rate 105 s−1) loading rates are found to be 30.79 pC/N and 27.72 pC/N, respectively. Note that, the strain rate difference is seven orders of magnitude, the piezoelectric coefficient difference is only 9.97%. We believe our findings can advance the design and application of PVDF films in practical engineering.
Fractal design of 3D-printing mechanical metamaterial undergoing tailorable zero Poisson’s ratio
Authors: Liu Yuheng , Lu Haibao , Lau Denvid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With the development of mechanical metamaterials, structures with large and nonlinear deformations have attracted great research passions for their increasingly applications. Although it has been studied for decades, the mechanics of conflict between large deformation with non-buckling has not been well understood. In this study, a new type of mechanical metamaterial, of which the large deformation is achieved without buckling, has been proposed to achieve the zero Poisson’s ratio using fractal design. Effects of fractal iteration (

i

) and connection angle (

α

) on the Poisson’s ratio and mechanical stress-strain behaviors of 3D printing mechanical metamaterial were studied by finite element analysis and experimental tests. Finally, constitutive relationships among loading force, Poisson’s ratio, iteration time and connection angle have been explored and discussed to achieve a large and non-buckling deformation.
Magnetorheological effect and sensing performance of graphite sheet filled PDMS based magnetorheological elastomer under compression
Authors: Qin Xiaobin , Zhang Jiangtao , Guo Xiang , Zhang Mei , Zhai Pengcheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In order to study the effect of large-sized graphite (Gr) sheet on the magnetorheological (MR) effect and sensing characteristics of MR elastomer (MRE), isotropic and anisotropic Gr-filled MRE samples with different carbonyl iron powder (CIP) contents were fabricated. The effect of Gr sheet on the microstructure, MR effect and sensing characteristics of the MRE samples were experimentally tested, and the mechanisms behind discussed. The results show that in the anisotropic MRE samples, the addition of Gr sheets results in the short particle chains formed between Gr sheets, thus leading to the high MR effect and low resistivity than those of isotropic counterparts. The non-monotonic resistivity responses of the Gr-filled MRE samples during compression were observed owing to the interlayer separation of Gr sheets and the reconstruction of conductive network. A higher piezoresistive response was observed from the isotropic Gr-filled MRE sample filled with the CIP content below the percolation threshold. The resistivities of the Gr-filled MRE samples decline with increasing the applied magnetic field. The isotropic sample filled with lower CIP content shows the higher magnetoresistive effect from the view point of absolute change in resistivity. While for the relative change in resistivity, the anisotropic sample filled with the higher CIP content has the higher magnetoresistive effect.
Dynamical behavior of a particle-doped multi-segment dielectric elastomer minimal energy structure
Authors: Gong Jiajie , Han Yubing , Wu Jinbo , Hu Guohui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The dynamic behavior of dielectric elastomers (DEs) has significant influence on their performance. The present study investigates the nonlinear dynamics of particle-doped multi-segmented DE minimum energy structures (DEMESs). To simulate the multi-segment DEMES, we consider each segment as a combination of hyperelastic film and elastic beam and obtain the ordinary differential equations governing the system dynamics based on the Euler–Lagrange equations. Due to the difficulty in measuring various physical parameters of DEs in practice, we utilize experimental data from a single-segment DE and employ a physics-informed neural network to predict the unknown parameters of the DE and the framework, such as stiffness K

bb
and doping volume fraction ϕ. Based on these predictions, nonlinear analysis is performed for the multi-segment system. Stability analyses of the motion equations reveal that the system exhibits a supercritical pitchfork bifurcation with hyperelastic thin film pre-stretching as the bifurcation parameter. For the three-segment DEMES, there are eight stable modes, but only four are illustrated in the bifurcation diagram due to the identical parameter settings for each segment. The amplitude-frequency curves under different AC voltage loads indicate the presence of harmonic, superharmonic, and subharmonic resonances in the system, with varying frequencies and magnitudes depending on the applied load. The Poincaré maps of the time response demonstrate that the system response is predominantly quasiperiodic. Under low voltage loads, the system exhibits periodic oscillations, while under certain high voltage loads, chaotic behavior emerges, characterized by strong nonlinearity in the time-dependent curves and non-periodicity in the Poincaré maps. This study provides insights into the present mathematical model in the motion control of DEMES.