bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing expectancy and suggestibility in a trial of escitalopram v. psilocybin for depression
Authors: Szigeti Balázs , Weiss Brandon , Rosas Fernando E. , Erritzoe David , Nutt David , Carhart-Harris Robin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the association between pre-trial expectancy, suggestibility, and response to treatment in a trial of escitalopram and investigational drug, COMP360, psilocybin, in the treatment of major depressive disorder (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03429075).MethodsWe used data (n = 55) from our recent double-blind, parallel-group, randomized head-to-head comparison trial of escitalopram and investigational drug, COMP360, psilocybin. Mixed linear models were used to investigate the association between pre-treatment efficacy-related expectations, as well as baseline trait suggestibility and absorption, and therapeutic response to both escitalopram and COMP360 psilocybin.ResultsPatients had significantly higher expectancy for psilocybin relative to escitalopram; however, expectancy for escitalopram was associated with improved therapeutic outcomes to escitalopram, expectancy for psilocybin was not predictive of response to psilocybin. Separately, we found that pre-treatment trait suggestibility was associated with therapeutic response in the psilocybin arm, but not in the escitalopram arm.ConclusionsOverall, our results suggest that psychedelic therapy may be less vulnerable to expectancy biases than previously suspected. The relationship between baseline trait suggestibility and response to psilocybin therapy implies that highly suggestible individuals may be primed for response to this treatment.
Image-based anti-interference robotic Chinese character writing system
Authors: Li Xian , Yang Chenguang , Xu Sheng , Ou Yongsheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article designs a robotic Chinese character writing system that can resist random human interference. Firstly, an innovative stroke extraction method of Chinese characters was devised. A basic Chinese character stroke extraction method based on cumulative direction vectors is used to extract the components that make up the strokes of Chinese characters. The components are then stitched together into strokes based on the sequential base stroke joining method. To enable the robot to imitate handwriting Chinese character skills, we utilised stroke information as the demonstration and modelled the skills using dynamic movement primitives (DMPs). To suppress random human interference, this article combines improved DMPs and conductance control to adjust robot trajectories based on real-time visual measurements. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately extract the strokes of most Chinese characters. The designed trajectory adjustment method offers better smoothness and robustness than direct rotating and translating curves. The robot is able to adjust its posture and trajectory in real time to eliminate the negative impacts of human interference.
Perceived benefits, burdens and effectiveness of a buffer zone programme in improving protected area–people relationships
Authors: Dixit Sweta , Poudyal Neelam Chandra , Silwal Thakur , Joshi Omkar , Bhandari Ananta , Pant Ganesh , Hodges Donald G 
Published: January 2024

SummaryProgrammes focused on buffer zones (BZs) and park revenue-sharing (PRS) are aimed at sharing protected area (PA) benefits with local communities to meet their development needs and, in turn, improve the PA–people relationship. However, whether and how these programmes improve public attitudes towards PAs is little understood. We assessed how residents perceive the benefit and burdens of Nepal’s BZ programme, which shares up to 50% of PA revenue with communities, and how this process relates to their perceptions of change in the PA–people relationship since the BZ programme was implemented. Survey results from 2122 households in the BZs of six PAs showed that residents’ perceptions of PA–people relationships had improved since the BZ programme’s implementation. Furthermore, the perceived trend in the PA–people relationship was positively related to the perception of benefits and satisfaction with coordination between the PA and local government; it was negatively related to perceived burdens of BZ-related laws in rural development, history of damage/loss from wildlife and misunderstandings of the purpose behind BZ funds being given to local communities. These findings provide valuable insights for PA managers in Nepal and worldwide in designing new or improving existing mechanisms of benefit-sharing with local people and to improve PA–people relationships.
Within-person reciprocal links between stress, sleep, and depressive symptoms across Latino/a adolescents’ transition to and through college
Authors: Sasser Jeri , Lecarie Emma K. , Gusman Michaela S. , Doane Leah D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEvidence suggests bidirectional relations between stress, sleep, and depressive symptoms in adolescence and young adulthood. Less research has disaggregated within- and between-person variance in these associations over time or within Latino/a college students. This study examined longitudinal, within-person reciprocal relations between stress, sleep, and depressive symptoms among 181 Latino/a adolescents (Mage = 18.10; SD = 0.41, 35% male) transitioning to college. Participants were assessed in their senior year of high school and annually until their fourth year of college. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) was used to parse out within- and between-person sources of variance. Results indicated overall (between-person) relations among depressive symptoms and school/college stress and sleep problems. There were reciprocal within-person links between stress and sleep problems across the first two years of college. Within-person increases in depressive symptoms during the second year of college predicted more stress than usual in the third year, which predicted increased depressive symptoms in the fourth year. More sleep problems than usual in the third year of college predicted higher stress in the fourth year. Findings provide evidence for within-person cross-lagged relations among various domains of adjustment during college and may inform future prevention efforts for incoming Latino/a college students targeting mental health and sleep problems.
The effects of life experiences and polygenic risk for depression on the development of positive and negative cognitive biases across adolescence: The CogBIAS hypothesis
Authors: Zavlis Orestis , Parsons Sam , Fox Elaine , Booth Charlotte , Songco Annabel , Vincent John Paul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Cognitive Bias (CogBIAS) hypothesis proposes that cognitive biases develop as a function of environmental influences (which determine the valence of biases) and the genetic susceptibility to those influences (which determines the potency of biases). The current study employed a longitudinal, polygenic-by-environment approach to examine the CogBIAS hypothesis. To this end, measures of life experiences and polygenic scores for depression were used to assess the development of memory and interpretation biases in a three-wave sample of adolescents (12–16 years) (N = 337). Using mixed effects modeling, three patterns were revealed. First, positive life experiences (PLEs) were found to diminish negative and enhance positive forms of memory and social interpretation biases. Second, and against expectation, negative life experiences and depression polygenic scores were not associated with any cognitive outcomes, upon adjusting for psychopathology. Finally, and most importantly, the interaction between high polygenic risk and greater PLEs was associated with a stronger positive interpretation bias for social situations. These results provide the first line of polygenic evidence in support of the CogBIAS hypothesis, but also extend this hypothesis by highlighting positive genetic and nuanced environmental influences on the development of cognitive biases across adolescence.
Unique roles of adolescents’ friends and fathers in predicting verbal aggression in future adult romantic relationships
Authors: Allen Joseph P. , Costello Meghan A. , Pettit Corey , Bailey Natasha A. , Stern Jessica A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis 20-year prospective study examined verbal aggression and intense conflict within the family of origin and between adolescents and their close friends as predictors of future verbal aggression in adult romantic relationships. A diverse community sample of 154 individuals was assessed repeatedly from age 13 to 34 years using self-, parent, peer, and romantic partner reports. As hypothesized, verbal aggression in adult romantic relationships was best predicted by both paternal verbal aggression toward mothers and by intense conflict within adolescent close friendships, with each factor contributing unique variance to explaining adult romantic verbal aggression. These factors also interacted, such that paternal verbal aggression was predictive of future romantic verbal aggression only in the context of co-occurring intense conflict between an adolescent and their closest friend. Predictions remained robust even after accounting for levels of parental abusive behavior toward the adolescent, levels of physical violence between parents, and the overall quality of the adolescent’s close friendship. Results indicate the critical importance of exposure to aggression and conflict within key horizontal relationships in adolescence. Implications for early identification of risk as well as for potential preventive interventions are discussed.
Automated annotation of parallel bible corpora with cross-lingual semantic concordance
Authors: Dörpinghaus Jens 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHere we present an improved approach for automated annotation of New Testament corpora with cross-lingual semantic concordance based on Strong’s numbers. Based on already annotated texts, they provide references to the original Greek words. Since scientific editions and translations of biblical texts are often not available for scientific purposes and are rarely freely available, there is a lack of up-to-date training data. In addition, since annotation, curation, and quality control of alignments between these texts are expensive, there is a lack of available biblical resources for scholars. We present two improved approaches to the problem, based on dictionaries and already annotated biblical texts. We provide a detailed evaluation of annotated and unannotated translations. We also discuss a proof of concept based on English and German New Testament translations. The results presented in this paper are novel and, to our knowledge, unique. They show promising performance, although further research is needed.
Anisotropic span embeddings and the negative impact of higher-order inference for coreference resolution: An empirical analysis
Authors: Hou Feng , Wang Ruili , Ng See-Kiong , Zhu Fangyi , Witbrock Michael , Cahan Steven F. , Chen Lily , Jia Xiaoyun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCoreference resolution is the task of identifying and clustering mentions that refer to the same entity in a document. Based on state-of-the-art deep learning approaches, end-to-end coreference resolution considers all spans as candidate mentions and tackles mention detection and coreference resolution simultaneously. Recently, researchers have attempted to incorporate document-level context using higher-order inference (HOI) to improve end-to-end coreference resolution. However, HOI methods have been shown to have marginal or even negative impact on coreference resolution. In this paper, we reveal the reasons for the negative impact of HOI coreference resolution. Contextualized representations (e.g., those produced by BERT) for building span embeddings have been shown to be highly anisotropic. We show that HOI actually increases and thus worsens the anisotropy of span embeddings and makes it difficult to distinguish between related but distinct entities (e.g., pilots and flight attendants). Instead of using HOI, we propose two methods, Less-Anisotropic Internal Representations (LAIR) and Data Augmentation with Document Synthesis and Mention Swap (DSMS), to learn less-anisotropic span embeddings for coreference resolution. LAIR uses a linear aggregation of the first layer and the topmost layer of contextualized embeddings. DSMS generates more diversified examples of related but distinct entities by synthesizing documents and by mention swapping. Our experiments show that less-anisotropic span embeddings improve the performance significantly (+2.8 F1 gain on the OntoNotes benchmark) reaching new state-of-the-art performance on the GAP dataset.
Proportionality, Comparability, and Parity: A Discussion on the Rationality of Balancing
Authors: Ríos Carrillo Piero 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article analyses the rationality of the principle of proportionality as a justificatory method for solving cases involving conflicts of constitutional principles. It addresses the “problem of comparability”: a set of arguments claiming that proportionalists fail to understand what happens when constitutional principles collide. The problem of comparability suggests that balancing cannot be done if some conflicts of constitutional principles are, in reality, cases of noncomparability, incommensurability, incomparability, or vagueness. In this article, I challenge the views of both proportionalists and their skeptics. Against the skeptics, I argue that proportionality can survive the challenge posed by the problem of comparability. Against the proportionalists, I submit that proportionality cannot be understood as a system of tradeoffs between degrees of satisfaction of principles. If comparison among constitutional principles is to be rational, we need a different approach to normativity—one that allows for the possibility of parity.
South East Asian Nutrition Surveys II (SEANUTS II) Thailand: triple burden of malnutrition among Thai children aged 6 months to 12 years
Authors: Pongcharoen Tippawan , Rojroongwasinkul Nipa , Tuntipopipat Siriporn , Winichagoon Pattanee , Vongvimetee Nawarat , Phanyotha Triwoot , Sukboon Pornpan , Muangnoi Chawanphat , Praengam Kemika , Khouw Ilse 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This study assessed nutritional status among Thai children using anthropometry, dietary intakes and micronutrient status.

Design:
Cross-sectional survey with multi-stage cluster sampling. Body weight and height were measured in all children. Dietary intakes were assessed using 24-h dietary recall. Biochemical assessment was performed in one-third of the children.

Setting:
The study was conducted in Thailand’s four geographical regions and Bangkok.

Participants:
3478 Thai children aged 0·5–12·9 years.

Results:
Stunting showed a downward trend by age group and was most prevalent among infants and toddlers. Overweight and obesity showed a significant upward trend by age group, location and sex and were highest among children aged 7–12·9 years. Risks of inadequate micronutrient intakes (Ca, Fe, Zn, vitamins A, C and D) were high (53·2–93·6 %). Prevalence of Zn and mild vitamin A deficiencies were low; vitamin D and B12 deficiencies were nil. Vitamin D insufficiency was significantly higher in the urban area and among girls. Anaemia was very high in infants and toddlers (56·6 and 35·2 %) but showed a significant downward trend by age group. There was an overall high prevalence of Fe deficiency (25 %) v. Fe deficiency anaemia (4·2 %) among children aged 4–12·9 years old.

Conclusions:
The high prevalence of stunting and anaemia among children aged 0·5–3·9 years and overweight and obesity among children aged 7–12·9 years requires continued attention. While prevalence of biochemical micronutrient deficiencies was not high (except for Fe), high prevalence of dietary inadequacies for several micronutrients warrants further in-depth investigations.
Influence of Deep‐Ocean Warming on Coastal Sea‐Level Decadal Trends in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Steinberg Jacob M. , Piecuch Christopher G. , Hamlington Benjamin D. , Thompson Phillip R. , Coats Sloan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBased on latest estimates (e.g., https://sealevel.nasa.gov), global mean sea level has risen nearly 100 mm since 1993. However, the rate of rise has not been constant in space or time and recent observations (since ∼ 2008) reveal pronounced regional acceleration in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Here we use model solutions and observational data to identify the physical mechanisms responsible for enhanced rates of coastal sea‐level rise in this region. We quantify the effect of offshore subsurface ocean warming on coastal sea‐level rise and its relationship to regional hypsometry, the distribution of ocean area with depth. Using an Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) state estimate, we establish that coastal sea‐level changes at the 10‐year timescale are largely the result of changes in regional ocean mass, reflected in ocean bottom pressure. These coastal bottom pressure changes reflect both net mass flux into the Gulf, as well as internal mass redistribution within the Gulf, which can be understood as an isostatic ocean response to subsurface warming. We test the relationships among coastal sea‐level, bottom pressure, and subsurface warming identified in ECCO using observations from satellite gravimetry, altimetry, tide gauges, and Argo floats. Estimates of mass redistribution explain a significant fraction of coastal sea‐level trends observed by tide gauges. For instance, at St. Petersburg, Florida, this mass redistribution mechanism accounts for >50% of the coastal sea‐level trend observed between 2008 and 2017. This study thus elucidates a physical mechanism whereby coastal sea‐level responds to open‐ocean subsurface density change.
Springtime Southern Hemisphere Quasi‐Stationary Planetary Wave Activities Associated With ENSO/IOD
Authors: Kim Donghyuk , Song Hajoon , Chun Hye‐Yeong , Yoo Changhyun , Kang Min‐Jee , Lee Hyun‐Kyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe tropical climate variabilities, such as Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), are accompanied by changes in the tropical deep convection which can influence the atmospheric circulation in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). To investigate each role of IOD and ENSO in the September‐November (SON) circulation, we examine teleconnection patterns associated with IOD and ENSO events using the ERA5 monthly averaged data from 1979 to 2020. Our approach is to calculate the power spectral density (PSD) of the sea level pressure (SLP) and meridional wind and geopotential height at 300 hPa that are decomposed by zonal wave numbers (ZWNs), and to compute their correlations with IOD and ENSO at each latitudinal band. The main results are that IOD (ENSO) is negatively (positively) correlated with PSDs of ZWN2 and ZWN3 (ZWN1) at 300 hPa in the SH middle latitudes. Considering the Rossby wave train, IOD (ENSO) considerably affects the variability of the ZWN3 (ZWN1) pattern, which influences the meridional exchange of momentum. Additionally, the relationship between IOD and ZWN3 has become tighter in recent years, which is not seen in that with ENSO. The IOD and ENSO events also modify the SLP patterns and meridional surface winds, modulating the sea ice extent in the Southern Ocean. During the highly positive 2019 IOD event, the variability of the middle latitudes atmospheric circulation was considerably larger than climatology, suggesting a higher chance of more extreme weather patterns associated with more frequent intense IOD events in the warming climate.
Preserved Neonatal Follow-Up Care During COVID-19: Use of Neurodevelopmental Evaluation Via Telehealth
Authors: Butt Sakina , Nahman Julia , Cederberg Charles , Coultis Nora 
Published: January 2024

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to analyze the practicality of conducting teleneurodevelopmental evaluations with a general clinical population of children under 5 years of age. The project goal was to afford continued clinical care during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The study sample included children who required neonatal intensive care hospitalization after birth, given increased risk for developmental delay. The practicality and usefulness of a modified developmental evaluation administered via telehealth were analyzed. Evaluation results indicated whether patients were largely performing within expectations for age (i.e., pass) or if performance was below expectations indicating concern for developmental delay (i.e., fail). Results: Thirty-five out of a total of 51 patients had in-person evaluation transitioned to telehealth. No significant associations were found between gender, age at the time of testing, and evaluation accessibility. There was a significant association between gender and prior history of developmental delay. No other significant associations were found based on gestational age and birth weight. Concern for developmental delay was identified in 29% of evaluations. Intervention supports, including a combination of feeding therapy, medication/behavioral intervention, and speech–language therapy, were recommended for 46% of the patients identified with concern for developmental delay. Conclusions: Telehealth developmental evaluation was practical and useful for patients, met clinical needs, and limited delay in accessing early intervention supports. Implications for Impact Statement Approximately 250 million children across the globe aged 5 and younger are at heightened risk for delayed developmental milestones. Early detection, prevention, and intervention are crucial for optimizing academic, economic, and health outcomes for these children. Determining the practicality and usefulness of providing neurodevelopmental evaluations via telehealth provides important information as to alternative service delivery options for clinical care of young children. Conducting preliminary neurodevelopmental evaluations via telehealth with the option for further intervention if deemed necessary allows services to be more widely available to those who face undue burden attending in-person consultations.