bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distal fibula locked plate versus nonlocked plate for treatment of Danis Weber type B fracture comparative prospective study
Authors: Elkateb Tameem M , Koriem Islam , Mourice Abraam N 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Ankle fractures are one of the most common fractures affecting both the young and old. they are the third most common fracture in elderly patients. The appropriate method of fixation of those fractures is debatable especially for osteoporotic patients, osteoprosis renders commonly used internal fixation methods technically demanding and prone to failure.

Aim
To compare distal fibula locked plate to nonlocked plate for treatment of Danis Weber type B fracture regarding union rate, union time, operation time, failure rate, and other complications.

Patients and methods
This study was conducted on 100 patients classified as a Weber B traumatic fracture. Fifty patients were undergoing open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) using locking plates (group A) and patients underwent ORIF using nonlocking plates (group B). The following parameters were assessed in both groups range of motion, union rate, union time, complications, operation time, American orthopedic foot and ankle society and failure rate.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in operation time and blood loss. Length of hospital stays (days) and Time to full weight bearing, union time was lower in group A than group B. American orthopedic foot and ankle society was higher in group A than in group B. There was no statistically significant difference in range of motion (extension, flexion) between both groups. The rate of loosening of the distal screw and implant removal was higher in group B than in group A.

Conclusion
No statistically significant difference was found between both groups regarding functional, radiological outcomes, and complications in patients less than or equal to 60 years old. Therefore, one-third plate is preferred in a young age in terms of cost-effectiveness. In patients over 60 years old, using the locking plates yields better stability, and functional and radiological outcome than non-locking plates.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pulmonary arterial hypertension in Indian patients: A hospital-based observational study
Authors: Kulkarni Mithilesh , Joshi Dinesh , Natrajan Karthik , Sharma Vishal , Jain Sharad , Charaniya Riyaz , Vyas Pooja , Patel Krutika , Shah Gunjan , Desai Nisarg 
Published: February 2024

Context:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterized by an increase in pulmonary artery pressure, leading to morbidity and poor survival. In India, the high prevalence of certain diseases contributes to the burden of PH. To address this, this study provides epidemiological data and clinical characteristics of pulmonary artery hypertension.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary cardiac care hospital, recruiting 964 patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Patient data were obtained through a detailed history and physical examination, including 12-lead electrocardiogram, two-dimensional echocardiography, coronary angiography, right heart catheterization, and hematological and serological investigations.

Results:
The majority of patients (28.94%) were in the age group of 31–40 years, with a female preponderance in PAH disease. Idiopathic PAH (IPAH) was the most common type, accounting for 69.78% of all cases. The most common comorbid conditions were hypertension (48.55%) and Type-2 diabetes mellitus (44.81%). Dyspnea on exertion (98.34%) and edema of extremities (91.18%) were the most common symptoms. The mean survival rate was 50.98 months, with Type 1 PAH having the worst survival rate of 47.56 months. The statistical analysis showed a significant association between smoking and PAH.

Conclusion:
This study provides epidemiological data and clinical characteristics of PAH patients in India, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis, prompt management, and smoking cessation programs. The high prevalence of IPAH and female preponderance was also observed in this study. These findings can help in the development of targeted interventions and management strategies for PH patients in India.
Tricuspid valve replacement outcomes in a diverse variety of valve replacement cases: Mortality, mechanical versus biological – A single-center study
Authors: Patel Archit , Singh Rahul , Parikh Nirav , Mathur Shobhit 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The initial trial in tricuspid surgery is repair; however, replacement is done whenever the valve is badly diseased. Tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) as an isolated procedure and combined with other valve replacements presents a challenge as these patients are in the high-risk subset.

Materials and Methods:
The present retrospective study was performed using the medical records of 42 cases who underwent TVR since 2017 at our institute. The mean age of the participants was 36.3 ± 13.2 years and male–female was 66.7% and 33.3%, respectively. Isolated TVR was done in 35.7% of cases, associated with mitral valve replacement (MVR) in 38.1%, with aortic valve replacement (AVR) in 4.8%, triple-valve replacement (MV, TV, and AV) in 19.0%, and TVR associated with pulmonary valve replacement in 2.4% of cases. This diverse variety of valve replacement cases is the highlight of our study. About 30.9% of participants were undergoing the procedure as a redo surgery. Trial of repair was given in 33.3% of cases. Moreover, bioprosthesis and mechanical valve prosthesis were used in 73.8% and 26.2%, respectively.

Results:
Early mortality occurred in 8 (19.0%) cases. Cause of death common in all deaths was right ventricular failure in all cases 8/8 (100%) seconded by multi-organ failure in 7/8 cases (87.5%), previous cardiac surgery was a factor in 4/8 (50%) cases, mediastinitis occurred in 2/8 (25%) cases, and both arrhythmias and cerebrovascular accident happened in 1/8 (12.5%) case each. Mortality rate was 3/15 (20.0%) in cases of isolated TV surgery. Mortality rate for concomitant MVR was 3/15 (20.0%), and for concomitant AVR with MVR (triple-valve replacement) was 2/8 (25.0%). No early mortality happened in the concomitant AVR and concomitant pulmonary valve replacement group. Late mortality happened in 11/42 (26.2%) cases during follow-up. Total mortality as per the valve types has been 5/11 (45.5%) in the mechanical valve replacement group and 14/31 (45.2%) for the biological valve group.

Conclusions:
The patients who require TVR are usually high-risk surgical candidates with high early and late mortality. The most common cause of death was right ventricular failure in this study. TVR associated with other heart valve replacement increases the risk strata of the patient which is the highlight of our study. In the end, we conclude that we had 19.0% early (0–30 days) and 26.2% late mortality (0–1 year) making a composite of 45.2% mortality at the end of 1 year. No difference in the effect of mortality as per the valve type has been observed.
Depression among currently married ever pregnant adolescents in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar: Evidence from understanding the lives of adolescents and young adults (UDAYA) survey, India
Authors: Patel Priyanka , Bhattacharyya Krittika , Singh Mayank , Jha Ravi Prakash , Dhamnetiya Deepak , Shri Neha 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Depression is a major public health concern among Indian adolescents. Pre- and post-natal depression can often alter fetal development and have negative consequences on the physical and mental health of the mother. This paper aims to draw attention to the prevalence of depression and its correlates among currently married, ever-pregnant adolescents from two Indian States, i.e. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

Methods:
This study utilizes data from a subsample (n = 3116) of the prospective cohort study Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) among 10 to 19 year-old adolescents. Bivariate analysis was performed to assess the prevalence of depression by sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. To further access the predictors associated with depression a logistic regression model was applied.

Results:
Around one-tenth (9%) of pregnant adolescents had depression. Regression analysis indicated that substance use, religion, autonomy, considering attempting suicide, premarital relationship, violence, dowry, adverse pregnancy outcome, menstrual problem, and parental pressure for the child immediately after marriage were significantly associated with depression.

Conclusions:
This study confirms the pre-existing annotation that teen pregnancy is linked with depression. Findings indicate that Adolescent mothers experiencing violence, and a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes are at increased risk of developing depression. These study findings call for an urgent need to address depression among adolescent mothers.
A prospective study of suicidal behavior in young patients of depressive episodes with hidden bipolarity exposed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Acharya Rudraprasad , Mallik Nitu , Pal Arghya , Ghosal Malay Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Treatment of depressive episodes in young patients is challenging owing to several reasons such as poor diagnostic stability and atypical presentation. Evidence regarding treating such patients with antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) is not clear.

Methods:
Fifty patients aged 10–24 years diagnosed with depressive episodes and drug-free for at least 3 months were rated on Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS). The scores of BSS and BDI were compared across four timeframes (weeks 0, 2, 4, and 6) for MDQ-positive and negative patients by using the generalized estimating equations model.

Results:
Patients who were MDQ-positive (11 patients) tended to score higher on BDI (at weeks 2 and 4) and BSS (at weeks 2, 4, and 6) as compared to MDQ-negative patients (39 patients). After being started on SSRI, MDQ-positive patients showed a poorer response as compared to the other group. The small sample size and short follow-up duration were the major limitations.

Conclusions:
Close clinical monitoring with regular follow-up during antidepressant initiation is recommended to reduce the risk of suicidality.
Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of women with mental illness (WMI) - An integrative mixed-method study
Authors: Vijayalakshmi Sundaram , Rajagopal Kaipangala , Govindan Radhakrishnan , Ganjekar Sundarnag , Chacko Leena K. , Prathyusha P. V. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Women with mental illness (WMI) are more likely to experience unreported sexual and reproductive health (SRH) problems. Mixed-method research studies with the strengths of quantitative and qualitative approaches provide deeper insight into SRH issues of WMI.

Methods:
A sequential explanatory mixed-method design was used to understand better the SRH problems of WMI attending tertiary care psychiatry hospital. In phase 1, a survey was conducted to identify if they have SRH problems. Women who were identified to have SRH problems were part of Phase II. In this phase, in-depth interview was conducted to explore their lived-in experiences. Integration at the method level was adopted by connection through sampling. Using a narrative approach, integration was accomplished at the level of interpretation and reporting.

Results:
Among the users, 261 (64.6%) female sterilization, 244 (93%) was the most common, and the other methods like coitus interruptus, male condoms, and intrauterine devices were reported less. Of the non-users, 137 (33.9%) WMI 100 (73%) were unaware of the best family planning approach. Most of them, 377 (93.3%), were ignorant about sexually transmitted infection (STI) symptoms. WMI reported 62 (15.3%) unusual foul-smelling vaginal discharge and 58 (14.4%) genital ulcers, with poor treatment-seeking behavior. Sexual dysfunction in desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain were also reported. The findings were described in a single report based on the quantitative data followed by themes obtained from qualitative interviews using weaving techniques under the headings of contraceptive use and its awareness, prevalence of STI symptoms and its treatment, and sexual health experiences.

Conclusion:
Data integration demonstrated that one-fourth of WMI had inadequate awareness of contraceptive use, were ignorant of STI symptoms, and experienced sexual dysfunction.
Testing the waters: A pilot trial of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for alcohol use disorder
Authors: Khandelwal Nisha , Das Karobi , Sharma Renu , Ghosh Abhishek 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Psychosocial interventions help maintain alcohol abstinence. Third-wave psychotherapies have emerged as an alternative to cognitive behavioral therapies for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) treatment. However, third-wave therapies have not been tested in non-western settings or via telehealth.

Aim:
We assessed the acceptability and feasibility of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in moderate/severe AUD.

Methods:
This was a pre- and post-study design. All those who met the eligibility (n = 40) criteria consented to participate. A trained nurse delivered four sessions of ACT, either in-person or via video-conferencing, per participants’ preference. Alcohol use, craving, relapse signs, and psychological flexibility were assessed three months post-intervention.

Results:
Twenty-eight participants (70%) attended all four sessions. There was a significant increase in abstinence and a decrease in alcohol use, frequency of drinking/heavy drinking, craving, relapse signs, and improved psychological flexibility. Outcomes were positive for either mode of delivery.

Conclusion:
ACT is feasible, acceptable, and probably effective in AUD.
Life Jacket Usage and Effectiveness in Drowning Prevention
Authors: Laksham Karthik B. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Drowning is a critical public health concern, ranking third among unintentional injury-related global deaths. Vulnerable groups, notably children and non-swimmers, are disproportionately affected, with low- and middle-income countries bearing the highest brunt. Life jackets are pivotal in preventing drowning, offering buoyancy and safety during water activities. This review evaluates life jackets’ effectiveness, examining usage, efficacy, influencing factors and technological advances. The findings show that life jackets significantly reduce drowning risks. However, the user behaviour, environmental factors and regulations influence their effectiveness. Targeted interventions and educational programmes are essential, addressing demographic disparities and promoting affordability, accessibility and cultural acceptance. The review confirms life jacket’s effectiveness in drowning prevention. However, their impact depends on various factors, necessitating tailored interventions and education programmes.
Cohomology classes of complex approximable algebras
Authors: Maclean Catriona 
Published: February 2024

Huayi Chen introduces the notion of an approximable graded algebra, which he uses to prove a Fujita-type theorem in the arithmetic setting, and asked if any such algebra is the graded ring of a big line bundle on a projective variety. This was proved to be false in a previous paper of the author's, who subsequently proved that any such algebra is associated to an infinite Weil divisor. In this paper, we show that over the complex numbers, this infinite Weil divisor necessarily has finite cohomology class.Comment: 8 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1709.06945 Minor revision
Does the 2d:4d ratio present a relationship with static strength indicators in elite paralympic power-lifting?
Authors: Manoel do Nascimento Rodrigues Abílio , J. Aidar Felipe , Getirana-Mota Márcio , Banja Túlio , Badicu Georgian , Nobari Hadi , Lopes dos Santos Jymmys , Francisco de Almeida-Neto Paulo , Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral Breno , Domingos Garrido Nuno , Pereira Santos Taísa , Fabrício de Souza Rapahel , Machado Reis Victor , José Brito Ciro , Marques Vieira-Souza Lucio 
Published: February 2024

Background: Paralympic Powerlifting is a strength sport. On the other hand, the relationship between force indicators and the ratio of the lengths of the second and fourth fingers of the hand (D2:D4) has been investigated. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship of the D2:D4 finger length ratio with performance in Paralympic Powerlifting. Methodology: Thirteen elite Paralympic Powerlifting athletes were evaluated for static force indicators, Rate of Force Development (RFD), Maximum Isometric Force (MIF), Impulse, Variability, and Time to MIF. The D2:D4 ratios were measured, and correlations were made between the various possibilities of D2:D4 ratios and static force indicators. Results: Moderate correlations were found between RFD and Left D4 ("r" = 0.569) and between Variability and R-L D2:D4 Difference. ("r" = 0.570). However, no correlation was found between D2:D4 ratios and static force indicators in Paralympic Powerlifting athletes for the other variables. Conclusion: The D2:D4 ratio does not seem to be a reliable predictor of static force indicators in Paralympic Powerlifting athletes.
Keywords: Performance predictor, Prenatal testosterone, Paralympic Powerlifting
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Roda Putar Rangsa Dalam Pembelajaran IPS Pada Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Masyithah Almarhia , Hakim Lukman , Aryaningrum Kiki 
Published: February 2024

This research is entitled Development of Rangsa Spin Wheel Media in Social Studies Learning for Class IV Elementary School Students. The aim of this research is to develop a product in the form of Rangsa spin wheel learning media in social studies learning for Class IV elementary school students. To determine the effectiveness and practicality of developing learning media. Rangsa spinning wheel in social studies learning for fourth grade elementary school students. This research adopts the Research and Development type of research using Analysis, Design, Development and Implementation. The results of this research are based on research conducted on the development of the Rangsa Spin Wheel Media with the help of the Canva Application in Social Sciences Subjects for Class V students of SDN 96 Palembang, it can be concluded that the media was developed using the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model and was rated "Valid" based on evaluations from the four validators, with a validity percentage of 88% for the material aspect and 87%. % for other aspects. Individual and small group testing indicated that this medium was considered “Practical,” with percentages of 80% and 81% respectively. Teacher responses, which were evaluated through questionnaires, also showed a practicality level of 83%. Overall, the student learning test results showed an average score of 91.6% in the "Very Good" category.
Keywords: Media Development, Learning, Rangsa Spin Wheel
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Proyek pada Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati tehadap Kreativitas Siswa
Authors: Neliwati  , Harahap Vena Annisa , Farhaini Nurul 
Published: February 2024

Project Based Learning is one of the learning models in the 21st century that can be applied to biodiversity learning to be able to increase the creativity of students, especially in terms of making a product as a medium. The project based learning model places students as student centers. Students can carry out an in-depth investigation of a topic of discussion, constructively deepen learning through a research approach to a real and relevant problem. Project based learning has several characteristics, namely centrality, driving questions, constructive investigation, autonomy, and realism.
Keywords : Project Based Learning, Creativity, Biodiversity
Analisis Kenakalan Remaja: Studi Kasus pada MAN 2 Padangsidimpuan
Authors: Nasution Khaidjah Rahmah , Hasibuan Ali Daud 
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze juvenile delinquency at MAN 2 Padangsidimpuan. It consists of the types of delinquency, the causal factors, and the efforts of the counseling teacher in alleviating juvenile delinquency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were students, counseling teachers, subject teachers, homeroom teachers, and parents of students taken using the snowball sampling technique. Research instruments used observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study found: 1) Types of delinquency that occurred; smoking, skipping school, not doing homework, leaving the house without saying goodbye to parents, coming home late at night, fighting, bullying; 2) The factor of delinquency; environmental factors, wrong perceptions of subject teachers and learning activities, often delaying and neglecting assignments, lack of parental attention, abused solidarity, having wrong perceptions of others; 2) The efforts of the counseling teacher in alleviating juvenile delinquency are; providing information, supervising student activities through collaboration with subject teachers and parents, providing individual counseling services, group guidance, and content mastery services to improve student skills in certain fields.
Keywords: juvenile delinquency, the efforts of the counseling teacher.
Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Nasionalis Siswa Sekolah Dasar Melalui Pembiasaan Sabtu Bersih dan Sehat
Authors: Nur Fitriyah Erika , Supriyadi Supriyadi 
Published: February 2024

Instilling character education is expected to be very helpful in forming role models to become individuals with noble character. Character education from an early age is the first step in building children's character, so education from an early age is needed. With a strong moral foundation and positive character, a person repeatedly thinks about doing those negative things. Because it is at this age that children have a golden period for personality development, namely the age of kindergarten and elementary school. Children's concern for the environment is not only the responsibility of the teacher but also parents at home to always remind and provide support to children to continue to apply environmental care as taught at school, in this way it will make children more aware of the cleanliness of the environment around them. Therefore, developing the character of caring for the environment in children from an early age is very important, if children are not taught about keeping the environment clean from a young age, then later into adulthood, children will not understand how to live in their own environment. Because as social beings we should live together with other people, therefore character needs to be nurtured from childhood so that children can live well in their environment later.
Keywords: Character Education; Hygiene; Elementary School Children.