bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE OUTCOME OF PAUWELLS OSTEOTOMY AND TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT IN NEGLECTED FRACTURE NECK OF FEMUR IN YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Panigrahy Biswakesh , Mohapatro Monalisa , Hota Saubhagya , Behera Sanjib 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Neglected fracture neck of femur remains a challenge for Orthopedicians. Various options are available; each having its own pros and cons. In young adults there is always a dilemma whether to salvage the head and perform osteotomy or opt for radical surgery like THR. The present study was done for a comparative analysis between two procedures: Pauwells osteotomy and total hip replacement and decide which is better opted for our Indian scenario.
Material and methods: 47 cases of neglected fracture neck of femur operated during December 2017– January 2021 were included in this study. Cases were divided into two groups based on the method of surgery, Group 1: Pauwells osteotomy 17 cases and Group 2: THR 30 cases. The comparision was done on the basis of operative and post operative parameters like duration of surgery, blood loss, pain, duration of hospital stay, hip functionality by Harris Hip Score and complications like infection, dislocation, limb length shortening.
Results: On assessing the operative parameters, it was found that duration of surgery was longer and statistically significant in Pauwells osteotomy; along with more blood loss. For the post-operative parameters, the duration of pain was longer and Hb level was less in Pauwells ostetomy which was statistically significant. However the hip functionality as assessed by Harris Hip Score was found to be not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Both modalities of treatment i.e Pauwells ostetomy and THR restore the hip functionality in neglected fracture neck of femur; however Pauwells osteotomy has the advantage of preservation of native hip which is an essential requisite for squatting and other hip activities in relatively younger neglected fracture neck of femur patients whereas THR remains indisputable choice in less physically demanding patients.
Floating knee injuries - An Analysis of Outcome in Surgically Treated Patients in a Tertiary Care Institution
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ezhilmaran , Paramasivam Maharajothi , AR Narayanan 
Published: December 2023

Background: Floating knee injuries are not uncommon and they occur due to high velocity trauma and are usually associated with other injuries. Early intervention in the form of internal fixation of both the femur and tibia usually results in better functional outcome. The present study was conducted with an aim to analyze the factors influencing the functional outcome of patients with ipsilateral femur and tibia fractures using Karlstrom and Olerud’s criteria.
Methodology:
Patients aged more than 18 years of age of both sexes who were clinically and radiologically diagnosed with floating knee injuries were included as our study subjects. A total of 48 patients were taken as study sample. Classification of floating knee injuries was made according to Blake and McBryde’s classification. Fixation of femur was done before fixing the tibia. Anterograde and retrograde intramedullary nailing along with condylar plates were used for internal fixation of femur or tibia.
Results:
According to Blake and Mc Bryde fracture classification, 19 patients belong to type I, 22 patients had type II A fracture and 7 had type II B fracture. Head injury followed by chest and abdominal trauma are the most common associated injuries. The mean duration of tibial bone union was 22 weeks and for femur it was 26 weeks. Functional outcome assessment was made using Karlstorm and Olerud’s criteria. Majority of the patients with Type I fracture had excellent or good outcome, whereas patients with type IIA or IIB fractures had acceptable or good outcome.
Conclusion:
The present study revealed that early surgical intervention is the key factor in the management of floating knee injuries which when done the functional outcome was found to be good.
Political Participation In The 2020 Bengkulu Gubernatorial And Deputy Governor Elections In Bengkulu City
Authors: Nuraida Nuraida 
Published: December 2023

Pemilihan Umum (Pemilu) memegang peran penting dalam proses demokrasi di Indonesia. Dalam pengertian yang sederhana, Pemilu dapat diartikan sebagai sebuah kesepakatan politik antara warga negara dan individu atau partai politik untuk melakukan aktivitas politik, di mana individu tersebut diberi wewenang atau mandat untuk melaksanakan sebagian kekuasaan rakyat atau pemilih (Yunita & Sugiyarta, 2014). Pemilu diselenggarakan setiap lima tahun sekali untuk mengganti pemimpin, baik di tingkat nasional maupun daerah. Ali Moertopo (1982) mendefinisikan Pemilu sebagai sebuah sarana bagi rakyat untuk menjalankan kedaulatannya sesuai dengan prinsip yang tercantum dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945. Pemilu pada dasarnya merupakan sebuah lembaga demokrasi yang memilih anggota perwakilan rakyat seperti DPD, DPR, dan DPRD. Tugas mereka adalah bersama-sama dengan pemerintah menetapkan politik dan mengatur jalannya pemerintahan negara.
Surrogacy Unveiled: Doctors Experience and Stories of Hope and Challenges
Authors: Patel Nayana H. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To focus on the experiences of doctor’s, intending parents, and surrogates with beautiful surrogate babies, including legal issues and the challenges posed by the pandemic.
Study Design
This study adopts a novel strategy by investigating surrogacy from a medical professional's viewpoint. We want to offer our knowledge and wisdom gained from dealing with surrogacy as a doctor, especially in light of the many challenges brought on, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to comprehend the role of the doctor in surrogacy and how it relates to intended parents' and surrogate moms' experiences.
Subjects
This study's subjects include the doctor, who is also its principal investigator, as well as intending couple and surrogate mother. While intending parents and surrogate moms contribute further insights into their involvement in the surrogacy process, the doctor's experiences serve as the central narrative.
Main Outcome Measures
In this study we have looked into indications, neonatal outcomes, legal aspects, in house development, management during covid 19 pandemic of all surrogates through our experience at a single center over 5 years.
Results
This study provides insight into the experiences of couples considering surrogacy, the effective management of surrogates during a pandemic, and the impact of surrogacy on the developmental outcomes of children.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the experiences of intending couples during the challenging period of the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing prolonged separations, varying perceptions of baby development, and increased anxiety. The successful handling of surrogates in this context, where 19 out of 54 tested positive for COVID-19 but all recovered, underscores the adaptability and success of established protocols. Additionally, the positive developmental progress in children and the prevalence of donor eggs in surrogacy outcomes contribute to a comprehensive understanding of surrogacy. Overall, this study sheds light on the emotional, physiological, and developmental aspects of surrogacy.
Stress, Health and Well-being of Clinical Embryologists
Authors: Mehta Rajvi H. 
Published: December 2023

Clinical embryology is a demanding profession where the clinical embryologist is not only involved in the laboratory work with gametes and embryos but often a lot of logistic support. The pressures of timing, heavy workload, the monotony of procedures and the uncertainty of outcomes often creates a lot of pressures and stress on the embryologist. A stressed person is more likely to make errors, some can be insignificant while some can be disastrous like a mix-up or an accident. To add-on, long hours on the microscope can lead to soreness of muscles and joints leading to neck, back and shoulder pain. Physical pain with mental stress leads to discomfort and an unhealthy work environment. There are many publications on the burn out of health care professionals but not much is discussed about the health of an embryologist, a relatively new disciple. This paper discussed the various cause of stress in the life of an embryologist and also provides suggestions to overcome the same.
Pengaruh leverage, audit tenure dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap integritas laporan keuangan pada perusahaan sektor industri dasar dan kimia di BEI
Authors: Pangi Marselin , Weku Priscillia 
Published: December 2023

The integrity of financial reporting refers to the accuracy and honesty with which financial information is presented. It is essential that all information about the company's financial position, performance and cash flows is accurate and reflects the company's circumstances, as the company is accountable to the users of financial reports, including investors and creditors. The integrity of financial reports is assessed using the market-to-book ratio, which measures the difference between the company's assessment and the market. This study aims to investigate the effects of leverage, audit tenure, and firm size on the integrity of financial reports through quantitative research. This research analyses the financial statements of Basic Industry and Chemical Sector companies listed on the IDX for the period of 2019-2021, using purposive sampling techniques and secondary data. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted for estimating the relationship among variables. The findings indicate that leverage does not affect the integrity of financial statements, while audit tenure has a significant impact on the integrity of financial statements. Additionally, the study found that company size has a negative and significant effect on the integrity of financial statements.
Penyelenggaraan Pertahanan Nirmiliter Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf M. asa’ari Yusuf , Danga Cosmas Manukallo , Prakoso Lukman Yudho , Tumanggor Muliahadi , Sakum Sakum 
Published: December 2023

Latar Belakang: Ancaman dari luar maupun dalam negara selalu menjadi tantangan yang harus dihadapi oleh suatu negara. Kepolisian bertanggung jawab untuk memelihara keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat di dalam negeri, sedangkan TNI bertanggung jawab untuk menjaga keamanan dan pertahanan negara dari ancaman dari luar negeri.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Kementrian atau Lembaga mana yang paling dominan sebagai penyelenggara pertahanan nirmiliter Indonesia dalam konteks keamanan nasional.
Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan analisis konten terhadap sumber utama yaitu Petunjuk Umum Pertahanan Negara tahun 2021..
Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapat adanya gap pelaksanaan Pertahanan Nirmiliter yang dilakukan Kementerian atau Lembaga terhadap strategi Keamanan Nasional dan sistem Pertahanan Negara. hasil konten analisis menunjukkan Institusi penyelenggara Pertahanan Nirmiliter yang paling sering muncul justru Kepolisian RI dengan Modus 35 kali diikuti dengan BIN terbanyak kedua dengan 33 kali kemunculan, sedangkan kemendagri berada di posisi ke 3 dengan modus 31, ironisnya Kementerian Pertahanan justru dan hanya 14 kali di sebutkan dalam tugas sebagai pendukung saja tanpa tugas sebagai penyelenggara utama Pertahanan Nirmiliter dan berada di peringkat ke 12 diantara seluruh Kementerian dan Lembaga Pemerintah. Secara rata-rata seluruh kementerian lembaga mempunyai nilai mean 11,58537.
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyarankan adanya Dewan yang mengkoordinasikan pelaksanaan Pertahanan Nir Militer yang dilakukan Oleh Kementerian /Lembaga agar pelaksanaannya bukan sekedar berkoordinasi akan tetapi dapat terkoordinasi dan menempatkan Kementrian Triumvirat (Kemendagri, Kemenlu dan Kemenhan) pada kedudukannya dalam penyelenggaraan Pertahanan Nirmiliter, mengingat tujuan Pertahanan Nirmiliter adalah mengantisipasi keadaan terburuk kehidupan bernegara dari Dimensi ancaman Non Militer.
The Role of The European Union (EU) in Promoting Regional Integration, Sustainable Development and Conflict Resolution in Somalia
Authors: Hassan Isak Hussein 
Published: December 2023

This study focuses on the role of the European Union in promoting regional integration, sustainable development and conflict resolution in Somalia. The main objectives of the study were to assess the role of European Union in in promoting regional integration, sustainable development, and conflict resolution in Somalia, the challenges hindering the role of European Union in promoting regional integration, sustainable development, and conflict resolution in Somalia. The study employed qualitative research approach to gain sound and empirical understanding on the role of the European Union in promoting regional integration, sustainable development and conflict resolution in Somalia. The researcher used an extensive documentary review tool to gather existing knowledge and insights on the role of the European Union in promoting regional integration, sustainable development and conflict resolution in Somalia.
The findings of the study on the role of the EU in promoting regional integration in Somalia includes: Supporting the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), promoting political dialogue and reconciliation, enhancing economic development and trade, providing humanitarian aid and development assistance; the role of the EU in promoting sustainable development entails: Supporting agriculture and food security, enhancing access to clean water and sanitation, promoting renewable energy and climate change resilience, strengthening governance and institutions; the role of EU in conflict resolution in Somalia includes: supporting political dialogue and reconciliation, providing humanitarian aid and development assistance, and supporting regional peacekeeping efforts; the challenges hindering the role of EU in promoting regional integration, sustainable development, and conflict resolution in Somalia include: political instability, weak governance structure, limited resources and funding and cultural and ethnic fragmentation. The study recommends that to enhance the role of the European Union (EU) in promoting regional integration, sustainable development, and conflict resolution in Somalia there should be strengthening political engagement, increasing financial Support, focusing on security sector reform, promotion of economic development and job creation and strengthening regional cooperation.
Moral Identity Questionnaire (MIQ): Adaptation and Psychometric Properties in Spanish Population
Authors: Alabèrnia-Segura Miquel , Feixas Guillem , Gallardo-Pujol David 
Published: December 2023

This research aims to develop a Spanish version of the Moral Identity Questionnaire (MIQ) and evaluate its psychometric properties among the Spanish population. Spanish and English speakers developed a Spanish version of the Moral Identity Questionnaire (MIQ) through translation and back-translation. The translated MIQ was administered jointly with the HEXACO and the Dirty Dozen questionnaire to two samples of the general Spanish population [total N = 416 (239 females)]. The validity and reliability of the scale were tested using standard statistical methods. The translated version of the MIQ scale was found to have domain coherence and language clarity. The tested scales have adequate reliability (>.72). Confirmatory factor analysis, invariance analysis and correlations with other measures of morality confirmed the bifactor solution by yielding adequate results. This study presents the first validation of the MIQ questionnaire with the general Spanish population. MIQ instrument was found to have good psychometric properties, resulting in a new moral and social research tool
Gender Difference in Learning Approaches Among Education Students of Sule Lamido University Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, North-West, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Sule , Sani  Gurjiya Ahmadu 
Published: December 2023

This study investigated gender difference in learning approaches among education students of Sule Lamido University Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, North-West, Nigeria. Ex-post facto design was used. The study used 101 students as samples drawn from the university. The Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) was adopted to measure learning approaches. Cronbach Alpha, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient values of Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) were .77, and .62 respectively. The statistic used to analyze the data was t-test for independent sample. One hypothesis was formulated and tested. The study did not find any significant difference in learning approaches between female learners and male learners was not significant (p>0.05). It was recommended that teachers should orient their students about learning approaches to studies as well as use of essay and objective test items as assessment tools throughout their programme.
Certainly of Divorce Laws in Different Countries Base on Indonesian International Civil Law
Authors: Devi Ria Sintha 
Published: December 2023

Recognition and implementation of the divorce decision. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the principles of private international law is essential to navigate these complex legal challenges. Principles such as lex loci celebrationis, lex domicilii, and the principle of recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments serve as guidelines in handling inter-country divorce cases. Court jurisdiction, the choice of applicable law, and the process of recognizing and implementing divorce decisions between countries are important focal points in legal settlements. International divorce, especially involving spouses of different nationalities, raises a number of complex issues. From determining jurisdiction to choosing the applicable law, every step in the divorce process requires careful consideration. In this context, several international treaties, such as the Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Divorce, provide a uniform legal framework for dealing with such divorce cases.
In addition, the importance of recognizing and enforcing foreign divorce judgments in other jurisdictions is an important factor in preventing multiple divorces and providing legal certainty. This process involves coordination between countries to respect and recognize foreign court decisions. Protecting children's rights in interstate divorce is an important focus, with jurisdictional determination and appropriate application of the law to ensure the child's best interests are safeguarded. An in-depth understanding of international private law, especially in the context of divorce from different countries, is the key to ensuring justice and legal certainty for all parties involved.
In handling inter-country divorce cases in Indonesia, especially those involving couples with different nationalities, it is important to pay attention to national legal regulations, applicable laws and regulations, and guidelines from relevant international conventions. The divorce process in Indonesia, as explained in Article 66 of the Marriage Law, must follow the applicable national laws and regulations. This research, using normative juridical methods, provides in-depth insight into how international private law is applied in inter-state divorce cases in Indonesia. By exploring the principles of private international law and examining expert views, this research discusses the legal complexities involving marriage between countries and contributes to further understanding of legal certainty in this context. Overall, interstate divorce opens up a broad discussion of private international law issues, including jurisdiction, choice of law, recognition, and protection of children's rights. With increasing human mobility and globalization, a deep understanding of the principles of international private law is becoming increasingly important in dealing with marriages and divorces from different countries.
Development of New Correlation Fines Content, NSPT and CPT Using Neural Network Approach and Multilinear Regression to Support Liquefaction Hazard Analysis
Authors: Haifani Akhmad Muktaf , Suntoko Hadi , Muhammad Adi Gunawan , Alimah Siti 
Published: December 2023

Identification and characterization of constituent soil types in the form of Fines Content (FC) values are essential in analyzing the potential of soils to be liquefaction. Multiple Linear Regression is one of the fundamental statistical models used to determine the causality between target and predictor geotechnical parameters. The study used multilinear regression approaches and artificial neural networks to get optimal results from FC predictions. The study considers the correlation between the SBT Index and FC and several other parameters such as NSPT, Depth, Totally Overburden Stress, Initially Overburden Stress, and Sleeve Friction. The coefficient of determination resulting from the regression process shows a reasonably strong relationship between the independent and target parameters, as much as 61.4%. In comparison, the Neural Network is 96.928%, which indi-cates a nonlinear influence.
Goethe’s Lyrical Discourse in the 5th Poem of ‘Römische Elegien’
Authors: Mehmeti Dr.Flutura 
Published: December 2023

The discourse is generally meaningful, with essential potential in the field of communication as an indisputable feature of the society. Meanwhile, the lyrical discourse, as a segment of mass discourse, marks a specialized communication in poetic literary works, namely in the conversational plane between the giver and the recipient. The most specified element of this literary genre is the lyrical ‘Ich-Form’, which, among other text-building signs, is the most analyzed and discussed one of the 5th poem of Goethe’s lyrical-elegiac work, ‘Römische Elegien’.
The study lyrical discourse in the 5th poem of Römische Elegien” presents the composition of the lyrical song in general, built and structured by the multitude of textual components and typical elements of the lyrical song. The organization of all signs in the text is laid out and arranged with precision and deep philosophy, building thus an unprecedented lexical, syntactic, semantic and stylistic unity. As a master of words, thoughts and poetic expressions in the discussed poem, Goethe has realized a source with different directions of linguistic and aesthetic flows, through which the recipient receives a lot of information marked with arrhythmic pulses. This study will be an initiative for analyzing some stylistic issues in the lyrical discourse and its elements in this well-known German poem, as issues that have not been explored yet.