bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genital pruritus is associated with longer hospital stays, higher costs and increased odds of psychiatric hospitalization among inpatient adults with pruritus in the United States—National inpatient sample (2012–2015)
Authors: Choragudi Siri , Andrade Luis F. , Yosipovitch Gil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThough a link between pruritus and worse quality of life (QoL) has been established, little research has delved into which type of pruritus is associated with the highest inpatient burden. A better understanding of how pruritus interacts with other conditions may help reduce the length of hospital stays and improve patient outcomes in fields beyond dermatology.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to determine which type of pruritus disorder is associated with higher inpatient burden (cost and length of stay) and increased odds of psychiatric hospitalization among inpatient adults with pruritus in the United States.MethodsWe utilized data from the national inpatient sample (NIS) from 2012 to 2015 international classification of diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification (ICD9‐CM). We included male and female adults ≥18 years with primary and secondary diagnoses of pruritus disorders. The outcomes were primary psychiatric diagnosis (yes vs. no), length (days) and the total cost ($) of hospital stay. We explored associations using survey‐weighted binary logistic and linear regression for binary and continuous outcomes and adjusted for covariables (sociodemographic factors).ResultsCompared with other types of pruritus, prurigo nodularis/lichen simplex chronicus (PN/LSC) (odds ratio [OR] = 2.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74,2.33), pruritus ani (OR = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.91,4.21) and genital pruritus (OR = 3.51; 95% CI: 2.96,4.16) had increased odds for hospitalization due to psychiatric reasons. Compared with hospitalized patients with any other type of pruritus, hospitalized patients with genital pruritus had 2.37 higher mean days of hospital stay and $10,644 higher mean total cost.ConclusionsGenital pruritus had the highest odds for hospitalization due to a psychiatric disorder, as well as the highest relative increases of average length and cost of hospital stay compared with the five other types of pruritus diagnoses in ICD9‐CM.
Vertical niche occupation and potential metabolic interplay of microbial consortia in a deeply stratified meromictic model lake
Authors: Cabello‐Yeves Pedro J. , Picazo Antonio , Roda‐Garcia Juan J. , Rodriguez‐Valera Francisco , Camacho Antonio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe microbial ecology of meromictic lakes assessed with “omics” is still poorly studied compared to other aquatic systems. Here, a combination of metagenomics, high resolution sampling and detailed physical–chemical data gathering allowed to study the planktonic prokaryotic assemblages and metabolic capabilities in the crenogenic meromictic Lake El Tobar (Spain), a model lake for such purposes. This system presents a specific stratification comprising a freshwater layer and a halocline linked to the oxycline, driving to the euxinic hypersaline waters of the deep monimolimnion. The different strata showed a highly diverse and vertically distributed microbiome with their metabolic capacities fitting/influencing the physical–chemical environment. Overall, up to 338 novel genomes were found from metagenome assembled genomes. Picocyanobacteria and methanotrophs were abundant in the upper part of the oxycline. Anoxygenic phototrophs (Chlorobium, Thiohalocapsa, Chromatiaceae, Rhodospirillum, and Rhodobacteraceae spp.) dominated the 12.5–14 m anoxic waters with dim light availability. Sulfate reducers (Desulfobacterota and Firmicutes) inhabited low redox horizons from 13.5 to the bottom (18 m). The potential microbial synergistic performance increases toward the monimolimnion. Among these, a microbial assemblage mostly composed of Spirochaetota, Cloacimonadota, Omitrophota, Firmicutes, Marinisomatota, Nanoarchaeota, and Patescibacteria in hypersaline waters of 14–18 m (conductivities of 118–213 mS cm−1), is potentially capable of performing mixed‐acid fermentations, even including hydrogen and butanol biosynthesis of biotechnological interest. This metagenomics study shows how microbial lifestyles may be determinant in the interplay of environmental gradients, and exemplifies the potential interactions between the microbial guilds thereby.
Smart Hydrogels for Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Xie Chaoming , Xu Jie , Wang Xinyi , Jiang Shengxi , Zheng Yujia , Liu Zexin , Jia Zhuo , Jia Zhanrong , Lu Xiong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe rapid growth in the portion of the aging population has led to a consequent increase in demand for biomedical hydrogels, together with an assortment of challenges that need to be overcome in this field. Smart hydrogels can autonomously sense and respond to the physiological/pathological changes of the tissue microenvironment and continuously adapt the response according to the dynamic spatiotemporal shifts in conditions. This along with other favorable properties, make smart hydrogels excellent materials for employing toward improving the precision of treatment for age‐related diseases. The key factor during the smart hydrogel design is on accurately identifying the characteristics of natural tissues and faithfully replicating the composition, structure, and biological functions of these tissues at the molecular level. Such hydrogels can accurately sense distinct physiological and external factors such as temperature and biologically active molecules, so they may in turn actively and promptly adjust their response, by regulating their own biological effects, thereby promoting damaged tissue repair. This review summarizes the design strategies employed in the creation of smart hydrogels, their response mechanisms, as well as their applications in field of tissue engineering; and concludes by briefly discussing the relevant challenges and future prospects.
NMI promotes tumor progression and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer via STAT3‐IFIT3 axis
Authors: Hu Haifeng , Li Borui , Chen Haidi , Fan Guixiogn , Ye Zeng , Ji Shunrong , Yu Xianjun , Xu Xiaowu , Qin Yi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractN‐myc and STAT interactor (NMI) has been reported to interact with several transcription factors, including STATs family, c‐Myc, N‐Myc, and BRCA1, to indirectly affect transcription events and participate in multiple cellular processes. However, its function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has seldom been studied. In this study, we investigated the regulation of NMI on PDAC progression and uncovered the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that NMI expression was significantly upregulated in PDAC and high NMI expression was related to a worse patient survival. Cell proliferation and migration assay, including cell viability, transwell assay, wound healing, and subcutaneous mouse model were utilized to confirm the function of NMI in PDAC progression. Downregulation of NMI abrogates tumor progression of PDAC both in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing was utilized to identify the downstream molecules of NMI and interferon‐induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3 (IFIT3) was confirmed to be regulated by NMI in both mRNA and protein level. The binding function of NMI to STAT3 was essential in regulating the IFIT3 expression. Moreover, the NMI/STAT3‐IFIT3 axis was identified to markedly facilitate the gemcitabine resistance in PDAC cells.
Helicobacter pylori infection associated DNA methylation in primary gastric cancer significantly correlates with specific molecular and clinicopathological features
Authors: Tahara Sayumi , Tahara Tomomitsu , Yamazaki Jumpei , Shijimaya Takuya , Horiguchi Noriyuki , Funasaka Kohei , Fukui Toshiro , Nakagawa Yoshihito , Shibata Tomoyuki , Naganuma Makoto , Tsukamoto Tetsuya , Ohmiya Naoki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHelicobacter pylori induces DNA methylation in gastric mucosa, which links to gastric cancer (GC) risk. In contrast, CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is defined as high levels of cancer‐specific methylation and provides distinct molecular and clinicopathological features of GC. The association between those two types of methylation in GC remains unclear. We examined DNA methylation of well‐validated H. pylori infection associated genes in GC and its adjacent mucosa and investigated its association with CIMP, various molecular subtypes and clinical features. We studied 50 candidate loci in 24 gastric samples to identify H. pylori infection associated genes. Identified loci were further examined in 624 gastric tissue from 217 primary GC, 217 adjacent mucosa, and 190 mucosae from cancer‐free subjects. We identified five genes (IGF2, SLC16A2, SOX11, P2RX7, and MYOD1) as hypermethylated in H. pylori infected gastric mucosa. In non‐neoplastic mucosa, methylation of H. pylori infection associated genes was higher in patients with GC than those without. In primary GC tissues, higher methylation of H. pylori infection associated genes correlated with CIMP‐positive and its related features, such as MLH1 methylated cases. On the other hand, GC with lower methylation of these genes presented aggressive clinicopathological features including undifferentiated histopathology, advanced stage at diagnosis. H. pylori infection associated DNA methylation is correlated with CIMP, specific molecular and clinicopathological features in GC, supporting its utility as promising biomarker in this tumor type.
Oncolytic viral therapy as promising immunotherapy against glioma
Authors: Hu Die , Tian Yaomei , Xu Jie , Xie Daoyuan , Wang Yusi , Liu Mohan , Wang Yuanda , Yang Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlioma is a common primary central nervous system malignant tumor in clinical, traditional methods such as surgery and chemoradiotherapy are not effective in treatment. Therefore, more effective treatments need to be found. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a new type of immunotherapy that selectively infects and kills tumor cells instead of normal cells. OVs can mediate antitumor immune responses through a variety of mechanisms, and have the ability to activate antitumor immune responses, transform the tumor microenvironment from “cold” to “hot,” and enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Recently, a large number of preclinical and clinical studies have shown that OVs show great prospects in the treatment of gliomas. In this review, we summarize the current status of glioma therapies with a focus on OVs. First, this article introduces the current status of treatment of glioma and their respective shortcomings. Then, the important progress of OVs of in clinical trials of glioma is summarized. Finally, the urgent challenges of oncolytic virus treatment for glioma are sorted out, and related solutions are proposed. This review will help to further promote the use of OVs in the treatment of glioma.
Characteristic modal analysis in miniaturization and bandwidth‐enhancement of monopole antenna for WLAN/WiMAX/LTE applications
Authors: Ellis Mubarak S. , Ahmed Abdul‐Rahman , Kponyo Jerry J. , Acquah Isaac , Rasool Nouman 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis work presents a printed monopole antenna with a miniature size and enhanced wideband using characteristic mode analysis (CMA). The printed monopole antenna structure comprises one vertical and one horizontal monopole, and a ground plane with a vertical extension. By connecting the horizontal monopole to the ground plane extension through a via hole, a significant enhancement in bandwidth is achieved in both lower and high bands. A 105% increment in bandwidth is achieved with the via hole compared to without it. The influence of the via hole is analyzed using CMA to provide a physical insight into the design. The proposed antenna is compact with an electrical size of 0.01 λ2, leading to a miniaturized design.
Deterioration identification method of key optical devices of fiber optical current transformer based on neural network
Authors: Zhang Min , Guo Xianshan , Chen Zhengguang , Zhou Feng , Hu Haoliang , Huang Junchang , Xiao Hao , Liu Dongwei , Li Jianguang , Wang Qianglong , Deng Xing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOptical fiber current transformers (FOCTs) are affected by various external factors, resulting in the deterioration or even failure of devices, causing changes in critical state quantities, and reducing the accuracy and reliability of products. To solve this problem, based on the neural network algorithm, this paper starts from the four deterioration characteristics of FOCT SLD junction temperature, SLD output optical power, phase modulator half‐wave voltage, and optical fiber sensing ring temperature, and identifies the deterioration of key optical components of FOCT, which provides a basic model and data support for the online monitoring and early warning to improving the stability and reliability of FOCT in long‐term operation.
Adjustable low‐profile compact AIS antenna with reduced ground‐size sensitivity
Authors: Cheng Yang , Dong Yuandan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis letter presents a novel reconfigurable low‐profile Automatic Identification System antenna that exhibits insensitivity to ground size. The antenna's physical dimensions measure 340 mm × 230 mm × 83 mm. Typically, smaller antennas require larger ground planes. However, changes in ground size cause the resonant frequency of the small antenna to shift, thereby limiting its working environment. Consequently, the antenna cannot function in systems with varying ground areas. To address this issue, a reconfigurable Inverted‐F antenna loaded with shorted parasitic elements is proposed. By switching the shorted state of a parasitic element, the antenna can operate within the required frequency band for different ground sizes. Simulated results demonstrate that the antenna can cover the 161–163 MHz frequency range when the ground size ranges from 250 × 250 to 450 × 450 mm2 with a shorted parasitic element. When the parasitic unit is not shorted, the antenna can cover the same frequency range when the ground size ranges from 450 × 450 mm2 to infinity. The proposed antenna achieves the characteristic of being insensitive to ground‐size changes in two states, and is widely applicable to devices with different ground sizes (such as ships and airplanes, etc.), reducing the cost of the system.
Tracking amplitude extrema of nonlinear frequency responses using the harmonic balance method
Authors: Raze Ghislain , Volvert Martin , Kerschen Gaetan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis work proposes a novel efficient method to track the evolution of amplitude extrema featured by frequency responses of nonlinear systems using the harmonic balance method. Means to compute the amplitude of a Fourier series are first outlined, and a set of equations characterizing a local extremum of a nonlinear frequency response amplitude curve is derived. Efficient numerical procedures are used to evaluate these equations and their derivatives (including second‐order ones) to embed them in a predictor‐corrector continuation framework. The proposed approach is illustrated on three examples of increasing complexity, namely a Helmholtz–Duffing oscillator, a two‐degree‐of‐freedom system with a modal interaction, and a doubly clamped von Kàrmàn beam with a nonlinear tuned vibration absorber.
Registered Nurses' beliefs about end‐of‐life care: A mixed method study
Authors: Alshammari Fares , Sim Jenny , Mcerlean Gemma , Lapkin Samuel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsTo examine registered nurses' (RNs) behavioural, normative and control beliefs about end‐of‐life care for patients who are diagnosed with advanced and life‐limiting illnesses; and to identify the barriers and facilitators they experience when providing end‐of‐life care.DesignA sequential explanatory mixed methods study.MethodAn online cross‐sectional survey was conducted using the Care for Terminally Ill Patient tool among 1293 RNs working across five hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Online individual semi‐structured interviews with a subgroup of survey respondents were then undertaken. Data were collected between October 2020 to February 2021.ResultsA total of 415 RNs completed the online survey, with 16 of them participating in individual interviews. Over half of the participants expressed the belief that end‐of‐life care is most efficiently delivered through multidisciplinary team collaboration. The majority of participants also believed that discussing end‐of‐life care with patients or families leads to feelings of hopelessness. Paradoxically, the study revealed that more than half of the participants held the negative belief that patients at the end of life should optimally receive a combination of both curative and palliative care services. The results showed that nurses' beliefs were significantly associated with their age, religion, ward type, level of education and frequency of providing end‐of‐life care. Data from the qualitative interviews identified four themes that explored RNs' beliefs and its related factors. The four themes were ‘holistic care’, ‘diversity of beliefs’, ‘dynamics of truth‐telling’ and ‘experiences of providing end‐of‐life care.’Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareWherever possible, patients at the end‐of‐life should be cared for in specialist settings by multidisciplinary teams to ensure effective, high‐quality care. Where this is not possible, organisations should ensure that teams of multidisciplinary staff, including nurses, receive education and resources to support end‐of‐life care in non‐specialist settings. Hospitals that employ foreign‐trained nurses should consider providing targeted education to enhance their cultural competence and reduce the impact of different beliefs on end‐of‐life care.
The fructose survival hypothesis as a mechanism for unifying the various obesity hypotheses
Authors: Johnson Richard J. , Sánchez‐Lozada Laura G. , Lanaspa Miguel A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe pathogenesis of obesity remains contested. Although genetics is important, the rapid rise in obesity with Western culture and diet suggests an environmental component. Today, some of the major hypotheses for obesity include the energy balance hypothesis, the carbohydrate‐insulin model, the protein‐leverage hypothesis, and the seed oil hypothesis. Each hypothesis has its own support, creating controversy over their respective roles in driving obesity. Here we propose that all hypotheses are largely correct and can be unified by another dietary hypothesis, the fructose survival hypothesis. Fructose is unique in resetting ATP levels to a lower level in the cell as a consequence of suppressing mitochondrial function, while blocking the replacement of ATP from fat. The low intracellular ATP levels result in carbohydrate‐dependent hunger, impaired satiety (leptin resistance), and metabolic effects that result in the increased intake of energy‐dense fats. This hypothesis emphasizes the unique role of carbohydrates in stimulating intake while fat provides the main source of energy. Thus, obesity is a disorder of energy metabolism, in which there is low usable energy (ATP) in the setting of elevated total energy. This leads to metabolic effects independent of excess energy while the excess energy drives weight gain.
Multiphasic model of early stage hydration in concrete using the theory of porous media
Authors: Prskalo Silvio , Gfrerer Michael Helmut , Schanz Martin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to model the behavior of concrete during the initial stage of maturing. Most models consider only thermo‐mechanical phenomena assuming the hygral phenomena of less importance due to high liquid saturation. In order to grasp those effects, the proposed model is an extension of Gawin's model (D. Gawin, F. Pesavento, and B. A. Schrefler, Int J Numer Methods Eng 67(3), 299–331, 2006). The fresh concrete, modeled as porous material, is described within the well‐founded framework of the Theory of Porous Media. The multiphase material consists of a solid phase representing, for example, cement, gravel, etc., and a fluid and gas phase representing the pores filled with water and dry air. Compared to Gawin's model, here, beside the effect of hydration‐dehydration, the effect of evaporation‐condensation will be taken into account. A new formulation for the evaporation process in the fresh concrete is proposed and validated by an experimental study. The presented model is implemented in the research code PANDAS. The proposed model investigates and proves the assumption of Gawin's model to have a linear connection between porosity and hydration degree.
Waiting for the next winter. Outpatient pediatric visits for respiratory infections before, during, and after the COVID‐19 pandemic in the city of Buenos Aires
Authors: Gonzalez Pannia Paula , Torres Fernando , Rodriguez Tablado Manuel , Ferrero Fernando 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, pediatric visits due to acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) decreased, but most reports are from hospitalized patients. There is little information on this phenomenon in outpatients, who are the majority in ALRI. We evaluated the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on ALRI‐related outpatient visits in the City of Buenos Aires.MethodsObservational study including all outpatient visits of children under 2 years of age to the public health system of the City of Buenos Aires, between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022. We analyzed the total number of visits and the ALRI‐related visits, and their distribution throughout the study period.ResultsA total of 704,426 visits were registered, 7.38% of them due to ALRI. ALRI‐related visits decreased from the implementation of a national lockdown (2020) and increased again as the restriction measures decreased, particularly the return to full school attendance (2021). In general, the proportion of ALRI‐related visits was significantly higher in the cold months than in the warm ones (9.8% vs. 5.5%; odds ratio: 1.76, 95% confidence interval: 1.73–1.79; p < .001). This difference was observed before (2018 and 2019) and after the pandemic (2022), but not in 2020–2021. The peak of ALRI‐related visits occurred in the cold months in pre‐pandemic years (2018–2019), did not appear in 2020, reappeared delayed in 2021, and recovered seasonality in 2022.ConclusionOutpatient ALRI‐related visits decreased significantly in the city of Buenos Aires during the COVID‐19 pandemic and currently seem to have recovered their magnitude and seasonality.