bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive Surgery in Females with Obesity: Reproductive Consequences of Obesity and Applications for Surgical Care
Authors: Marshall Ciara , Estes Stephanie J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObesity is the most common medical problem in women of reproductive age. The surgical applications for this population, many of who are interested in current or future fertility, are critical to safe and effective evaluation and management of issues that impact the reproductive system. As rates of obesity continue to rise worldwide, it is projected that one in two individuals will have obesity by 2030 leading to increasing numbers of individuals affected by a disease process that has implications for their gynecologic surgical care, fertility-related assessment, and infertility treatment. Offering patients with obesity access to safe reproductive surgery is a cornerstone of reproductive autonomy. This review will summarize current recommendations regarding surgical concepts for the operating room, office hysteroscopy, oocyte retrieval, and embryo transfer in female patients with obesity.
YouTube Itak: a description of Ainu-related videos
Authors: Vargas Meza Xanat , Hayashi-Simpliciano R. Shizuko , Yokoyama Takumi , Nishimura Chieko , Nishida Ryohei , Ochiai Yoichi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Ainu are an Indigenous group currently living primarily in Japan. Following the cultural revitalisation of laws and social movements and the appropriation of new technologies, Ainu communities are increasingly using social media to disseminate their culture. However, research on the Ainu people has rarely discussed their communication strategies in current media. In this study, a total of 428 Ainu-related videos uploaded on YouTube were analysed. Basic information about the videos was obtained through the YouTube application programming interface and additional information was acquired by watching them. The videos were categorised into three groups: those produced only by Ainu people, with Ainu people, or without Ainu collaborators. Statistical and qualitative differences between release and upload dates, keywords, categories, conceptualisers, producers, presenters, YouTube metrics, tags, and video descriptions were used to uncover the different types of content created and/or endorsed by Ainu people and the communication strategies used by them and their allies. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods based on Indigenous communication approaches adopted in this study proved to be useful in understanding Indigenous media in online contexts.
Dietary supplementation with tryptophan increases the plasma concentrations of tryptophan, kynurenine, and melatonin in Yili mares
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Zhao Guodong , Li Xiaobin , Han Ming , Zhang Shiqi , Deng Haifeng , Yang Kailun 
Published: November 2023

Context Tryptophan (Trp) is the precursor of melatonin (MT) and the latter plays vital physiological roles in mares. Aims The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary Trp supplementation on the plasma Trp, kynurenine (Kyn), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT), and melatonin (MT) concentrations in female Yili horses. Methods Twenty Yili mares aged 2 years with mean bodyweight (BW) of 263.5 ± 14.77 kg and of similar stature were selected and randomly allocated to the control (CON; basal diet), basal diet plus Trp at 20 mg/kg BW (TRP1), basal diet plus Trp at 40 mg/kg BW (TRP2), or basal diet plus Trp at 60 mg/kg BW (TRP3) group. Key results The plasma total Trp, Kyn, and MT concentrations in all Trp groups steadily increased, reached their peak values, and gradually decreased after Trp supplementation between 0 h and 12 h. However, the plasma 5-HT concentration displayed the opposite trend. Peak plasma total Trp and 5-HT concentrations were attained between 1 h and 3 h, while those of KYN and MT appeared between 4 h and 6 h after Trp supplementation. The plasma total Trp and Kyn concentrations were significantly higher in TRP2 and TRP3 than in CON between 1 h and 12 h (P < 0.05) after Trp supplementation. The plasma 5-HT concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in TRP1 than in CON at 3 h, 4 h, 6 h, 9 h, and 12 h after Trp supplementation. The plasma MT concentrations in TRP1 and TRP2 were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in CON at 3 h, 4 h, and 12 h, and at 0 h, 1 h, and 12 h after Trp supplementation (P < 0.05). Conclusions Dietary Trp supplementation can increase the plasma total Trp, Kyn, and MT concentrations in Yili mares and the optimal Trp dosage was 20 mg/kg BW. Implication The addition of Trp to a basal diet or feed may increase the plasma total Trp, Kyn, and MT concentrations in female horses.
The 2020 İzmir earthquake and its effect on COVID-19 cases
Authors: Durmaz Seyfi , Aslan Gönül , Durusoy Raika , Çiçek Candan 
Published: November 2023

On 30 October 2020, an earthquake measuring 6.9 moment magnitude occurred between Kusadasi and Samos, Türkiye, with a significant impact on buildings in the Bornova–Bayraklı district of İzmir. Immediately afterwards, a comprehensive study was commenced to investigate the relationship between the earthquake that occurred during the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic and case numbers at the Ege University, Faculty of Medicine’s Hospital in Bornova, İzmir. This cross-sectional study was carried out based on the records of those admitted to the university hospital with suspicion of COVID-19 in the pre-earthquake and post-earthquake periods of the pandemic. The microbiology laboratory of the hospital used reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results as a dependent variable and compared with the time, age and gender as the independent variables, classified according to the timing of the earthquake. RT-PCR test results were positive in 11.60% of the whole study group; however, tests were 6.69% positive before the earthquake and increased to 23.42% afterwards (P < 0.001), which equated to an increase of 4.25 times (95% CI 4.04–4.47) when comparing pre- to post-earthquake RT-PCR positivity (P < 0.001). The positive COVID-19 RT-PCR detection rate among those aged 50 and over was greater by a factor of 1.15 (95% CI 1.06–1.23) compared to a younger age group (P < 0.001). There was no difference for the gender variable used in suspected case or contact tracing applications of COVID-19 PCR. However, when stratified by age and gender, in the female group, there was a 1.24-fold (95% CI 1.11–1.38) increase in the 50+ age group (26.2%) compared to the younger age group (22.2%) after the earthquake (P < 0.001). In the male group, the rate of laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 before the earthquake was in the under-50 age group (7.6%) as compared to the >50 age group (5.2%; P < 0.001).
The risks and benefits of technologised sexual practice scale: a quantitative measure of technology facilitated sex and intimacy
Authors: Moor Lily , Anderson Joel R. , Power Jennifer , James Alexandra , Waling Andrea , Shackleton Nicole 
Published: November 2023

Background Technologies such as the Internet, smartphones, and sex toys have demonstrated the capacity to facilitate and enhance sexual and intimate practice by offering new ways to meet sexual partners, maintain and establish intimate connections, and providing access to sexual education and exposure to new ways of engaging in sex. They have also afforded novel risks to safety, privacy, and sexual autonomy. Understanding how people perceive and experience both the risks and benefits of using technology to facilitate sex and intimacy is important to understanding contemporary sexual practice, health, and pleasure. However, research in this space is currently hampered by a lack of quantitative measures to accurately and holistically assess both the risks and benefits in the context of technologised sexual practices. Methods To facilitate a nuanced quantitative exploration of these concepts, we present the psychometric properties of the newly developed Risks and Benefits of Technologised Sexual Practice Scale. Results Using an exploratory (Study 1, n = 445) and confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2, n = 500), this paper presents evidence for a 6-factor scale (Benefits (3): ‘sexual gratification’, ‘connection’, and ‘access to information and culture’; Risks (3): ‘concerns’, ‘worries’, and ‘knowledge of rights and ownership’). Conclusion This scale may be used to contribute to research areas including sexual health, sexual behaviour, sexual education, online connection, online safety, and digital literacy with the aim to contribute to a sex- and technology-positive framework for understanding sexual health and pleasure.
Pseudopartitive constructions are not a subtype of nominal juxtaposition in Beserman
Authors: Serdobolskaya Natalia , Usacheva Maria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Juxtaposition as a machinery of building noun phrases is well-known to be widespread in Uralic languages: the
modifier is left-adjoined to the head and does not bear any morphological marker of syntactic dependency. This strategy is used to
attach adjectives, cardinals and modifying nominals to nouns (like in Beserman ǯ́aǯ́eg siĺ ‘goose meat’), and to
build constructions with measure nouns (like Beserman odig kə̑də̑ gibi ‘one basket of mushrooms’, lit. one basket
mushroom). However, there remains a question whether all these constructions share the same syntactic structure. We consider
pseudopartitive constructions with measure nouns in comparison with NPs containing non-marked modifying nominals and NPs with
adjectives, showing that they do not share the same syntactic structure. Constructions with unmarked modifying nominals show
properties of compounding, while pseudopartitives arguably have a measure phrase (a cardinal with a measure noun) and a noun
phrase (the quantified nominal), which is the head of the pseudopartitive construction. The syntactic properties we analyze
include constituent properties, branching, pronominalization, fragment questions, linear ordering restrictions, particular
properties of head ellipsis, and information structure effects.
On the syntax of postpositional phrasesin Mari
Authors: Burukina Irina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper discusses the syntax of postpositional constructions in Meadow Mari (Uralic, Morkinsko-Sernur dialect;
head-final, SOV). Building upon existing approaches to postpositions in the world’s languages, I propose that PPs in Mari may have
one of two underlying structures depending on the nature of the dependent but not on the nature of the adposition. PPs with a
pronominal dependent involve possession between the Ground and a location nominal. In PPs with a non-pronominal dependent
the Ground is merged directly into the complement position of a P head. I further expand the dataset and show that the two
configurations successfully capture the distribution of reflexive pronouns in PPs. The proposed analysis accounts for all the
relevant data: examples with independent and affixal postpositions and referential and pronominal dependents.
Beyond the deferential view of the Chinese V pronoun nin 您
Authors: Kádár Dániel Z. , House Juliane , Liu Hao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we revisit the long-held assumption that the Chinese second-person V pronoun
nin 您 is an essentially
‘deferential’ pronoun. We examine uses of nin in settings where disagreement occurs and where conventionally the
T pronoun ni would be preferred. Our research follows a bipartite design. First, we used a Discourse Completion
Test to discover under what circumstances Chinese speakers use nin if disagreement emerges. The results revealed
that uses of nin in disagreements are preferred in informal computer-mediated communication and by members of the
younger generation. Second, based on this outcome we examined naturally occurring uses of nin in online data
featuring disagreement. Here we relied on an interactional approach, which helped us to identify patterns of uses of
nin. The existence of patterns in seemingly ad hoc occurrences of online disagreement shows that expressing
deference is not the only pragmatic function of nin.
The melody of Spanish dubbed dialogue
Authors: Sánchez-Mompeán Sofía 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dubbed speech has often been accused of sounding artificial and somewhat exaggerated, mainly because it features a
type of melody that substantially differs from both spontaneous speech and domestic fictional dialogue. This paper explores the
most significant vocal patterns that shape a recognisable melody in Castilian-Spanish dubbed dialogue in order to ascertain
whether they really contribute to the artificiality of the target version or, on the contrary, help preserve the credibility of
the film production and viewers’ cinematic illusion. The discussion reveals that dubbed speech is characterised by certain vocal
features specific to this genre that, despite differing from the ones used in spontaneous speech and screen acting, appear to work
effectively in dubbing and are generally tolerated by audiences. There seems to be room, however, for naturalising some of these
patterns in an effort to achieve an acceptable balance between what conveys the impression of spontaneity and what sounds natural
within the context of dubbing.
First-principles investigation of the magnetoelectric properties of Ba7Mn4O15
Authors: Dey Urmimala , Senn Mark S , Bristowe Nicholas C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Type-II multiferroics, in which the magnetic order breaks inversion symmetry, are appealing for both fundamental and applied research due their intrinsic coupling between magnetic and electrical orders. Using first-principles calculations we study the ground state magnetic behaviour of Ba7Mn4O15 which has been classified as a type-II multiferroic in recent experiments. Our constrained moment calculations with the proposed experimental magnetic structure shows the spontaneous emergence of a polar mode giving rise to an electrical polarisation comparable to other known type-II multiferroics. When the constraints on the magnetic moments are removed, the spins self-consistently relax into a canted antiferromagnetic ground state configuration where two magnetic modes transforming as distinct irreducible representations coexist. While the dominant magnetic mode matches well with the previous experimental observations, the second mode is found to possess a different character resulting in a non-polar ground state. Interestingly, the non-polar magnetic ground state exhibits a significantly strong linear magnetoelectric (ME) coupling comparable to the well-known multiferroic BiFeO3, suggesting strategies to design new linear MEs.
Evaluating a Targeted Minimum Loss-Based Estimator for Capture-Recapture Analysis: An Application to HIV Surveillance in San Francisco, California
Authors: Wesson Paul , Das Manjari , Chen Mia , Hsu Ling , McFarland Willi , Kennedy Edward , Jewell Nicholas P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The capture-recapture method is a common tool used in epidemiology to estimate the size of “hidden” populations and correct the underascertainment of cases, based on incomplete and overlapping lists of the target population. Log-linear models are often used to estimate the population size yet may produce implausible and unreliable estimates due to model misspecification and small cell sizes. A novel targeted minimum loss-based estimation (TMLE) model developed for capture-recapture makes several notable improvements to conventional modeling: “targeting” the parameter of interest, flexibly fitting the data to alternative functional forms, and limiting bias from small cell sizes. Using simulations and empirical data from the San Francisco, California, Department of Public Health’s human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveillance registry, we evaluated the performance of the TMLE model and compared results with those of other common models. Based on 2,584 people observed on 3 lists reportable to the surveillance registry, the TMLE model estimated the number of San Francisco residents living with HIV as of December 31, 2019, to be 13,523 (95% confidence interval: 12,222, 14,824). This estimate, compared with a “ground truth” of 12,507, was the most accurate and precise of all models examined. The TMLE model is a significant advancement in capture-recapture studies, leveraging modern statistical methods to improve estimation of the sizes of hidden populations.
The north–south divide? Macroalgal functional trait diversity and redundancy varies with intertidal aspect
Authors: Amstutz Axelle , Firth Louise B , Foggo Andy , Spicer John I , Hanley Mick E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Marine macroalgae (‘seaweeds’) are critical to coastal ecosystem structure and function, but also vulnerable to the many environmental changes associated with anthropogenic climate change (ACC). The local habitat conditions underpinning observed and predicted ACC-driven changes in intertidal macroalgal communities are complex and probably site-specific and operate in addition to more commonly reported regional factors such as sea surface temperatures.

Methods
We examined how the composition and functional trait expression of macroalgal communities in SW England varied with aspect (i.e. north–south orientation) at four sites with opposing Equator- (EF) and Pole-facing (PF) surfaces. Previous work at these sites had established that average annual (low tide) temperatures vary by 1.6 °C and that EF-surfaces experience six-fold more frequent extremes (i.e. &gt;30 °C).

Key Results
PF macroalgal communities were consistently more taxon rich; 11 taxa were unique to PF habitats, with only one restricted to EF. Likewise, functional richness and dispersion were greater on PF-surfaces (dominated by algae with traits linked to rapid resource capture and utilization, but low desiccation tolerance), although differences in both taxon and functional richness were probably driven by the fact that less diverse EF-surfaces were dominated by desiccation-tolerant fucoids.

Conclusions
Although we cannot disentangle the influence of temperature variation on algal ecophysiology from the indirect effects of aspect on species interactions (niche pre-emption, competition, grazing, etc.), our study system provides an excellent model for understanding how environmental variation at local scales affects community composition and functioning. By virtue of enhanced taxonomic diversity, PF-aspects supported higher functional diversity and, consequently, greater effective functional redundancy. These differences may imbue PF-aspects with resilience against environmental perturbation, but if predicted increases in global temperatures are realized, some PF-sites may shift to a depauperate, desiccation-tolerant seaweed community with a concomitant loss of functional diversity and redundancy.
A convenient fluorimetry-based degranulation assay using RBL-2H3 cells
Authors: Higashio Hironori , Yokoyama Takuya , Saino Tomoyuki 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Type I hypersensitivity is triggered by mast cell degranulation, a stimulus-induced exocytosis of preformed secretory granules (SGs) containing various inflammatory mediators. The degree of degranulation is generally expressed as a percentage of secretory granule markers (such as β-hexosaminidase and histamine) released into the external solution, and considerable time and labor are required for the quantification of markers in both the supernatants and cell lysates. In this study, we developed a simple fluorimetry-based degranulation assay using rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) mast cells. During degranulation, the styryl dye FM1-43 in the external solution fluorescently labeled the newly exocytosed SGs, whose increase in intensity was successively measured using a fluorescence microplate reader. In addition to the rate of β-hexosaminidase secretion, the cellular FM1-43 intensity successfully represented the degree and kinetics of degranulation under various conditions, suggesting that this method facilitates multi-sample and/or multi-time-point analyses required for screening substances regulating mast cell degranulation.
Quality of life of family carers of people living with dementia: review of systematic reviews of observational and intervention studies
Authors: Oliveira Déborah , da Mata Fabiana Araújo Figueiredo , Aubeeluck Aimee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Family members are the primary source of support for the growing number of people living with dementia (PLWD) worldwide. However, caring for a person living with dementia can have detrimental impacts on the carer quality of life (QoL). This review of systematic reviews explored the factors associated with the QoL of family carers of PLWD and interventions aimed at improving their QoL.

Sources of data
Several health-related databases (PUBMED, Psychinfo, Google Scholar and COCHRANE) were consulted in November 2022. Nineteen systematic reviews were included, and their methodological quality was assessed via AMSTAR-2.

Areas of agreement
Better carer physical and mental health, provision of formal support, relationship quality between carers and PLWD, as well as positive psychological traits were associated with better carer QoL. There is no one-size-fits-all intervention that can improve the QoL of all carers, but promising results were found in most of the interventions.

Areas of controversy
There is inconsistency in evidence on the association between the carer age and QoL. The use of a wide range of QoL measures, particularly generic QoL scales, has contributed to inconsistencies when comparing the efficacy of interventions.

Growing points
Evidence suggests the need for a person-centred approach to improving carer QoL, considering individual and contextual needs as well as the continuum and progressive nature of dementia care.

Timely areas for developing research
Future research should be focused on understanding how to best implement and measure person-centred care approaches to carer QoL, including cost-effectiveness. More qualitative studies are necessary to explore carer negative and positive experiences of QoL.
Black Box Warning: Large Language Models and the Future of Infectious Diseases Consultation
Authors: Schwartz Ilan S , Link Katherine E , Daneshjou Roxana , Cortés-Penfield Nicolás 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Large language models (LLMs) are artificial intelligence systems trained by deep learning algorithms to process natural language and generate text responses to user prompts. Some approach physician performance on a range of medical challenges, leading some proponents to advocate for their potential use in clinical consultation and prompting some consternation about the future of cognitive specialties. However, LLMs currently have limitations that preclude safe clinical deployment in performing specialist consultations, including frequent confabulations, lack of contextual awareness crucial for nuanced diagnostic and treatment plans, inscrutable and unexplainable training data and methods, and propensity to recapitulate biases. Nonetheless, considering the rapid improvement in this technology, growing calls for clinical integration, and healthcare systems that chronically undervalue cognitive specialties, it is critical that infectious diseases clinicians engage with LLMs to enable informed advocacy for how they should—and shouldn’t—be used to augment specialist care.