bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SONOGRAPHIC MARKERS IN THE EARLY DETECTION OF RENAL DYSFUNCTION IN DIABETIC ADULTS
Authors: Naiba Emmnauel  , Sadia Sabir  
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to use the sonographic markers in the early detection of renal dysfunction in diabetic adults.
Study design: The study design was cross sectional in nature.
Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Duration of study was 4 months from November 2024 to February 2025.
Material and methods: The current study comprised a sample of 250 persons. All diabetic adults (aged18-90) all BMI categories and both genders were consenting before participation, experienced ultrasonography collected their demographic, anthropometric data and blood samples collection. The data was presented as mean and standard deviation (mean ±SD). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to calculate the statistical analysis, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was computed for bivariate associations. The statistical significance was established at the 5% (p<0.05) level using the SPSS version 27.
Results: The results showed that male participants had higher serum creatinine and eGFR levels with increasing BMI. Serum creatinine ranged from 0.876±0.341 mg/dL in males with BMI <18.5 kg/m² to 1.325±0.677 mg/dL in those with BMI >30 kg/m², with an overall mean of 0.997±0.503 mg/dL (p=0.113). eGFR increased from 77.257±11.959 mL/min/1.73 m² to 101.125±16.762 mL/min/1.73 m², with a significant p-value of 0.001. In females, serum creatinine ranged from 0.790±0.310 mg/dL in the <18.5 BMI group to 1.097±1.004 mg/dL in the >30 BMI group, with a mean of 0.963±0.798 mg/dL (p=0.014). eGFR ranged from 62.200±10.464 mL/min/1.73 m² to 84.595±13.180 mL/min/1.73 m², with a significant p-value of <0.001.
Conclusions: Sonographic variables have demonstrated great promise in the early identification of renal impairment in persons with diabetes. Before symptoms manifest or laboratory data change dramatically, early alterations in kidney size, cortical echogenicity, and resistive indices can be identified using imaging techniques such Doppler ultrasonography and greyscale ultrasound.
Thesprotia Expedition III Landscapes of Nomadism and Sedentism
Authors: Forsén Björn , Galanidou Nena , Tikkala Esko , Papoulia Christina , Ligkovanlis Stephanos , Lavento Mika , Kouki Paula , Lima Sarah , Forsén Jeannette , Doulkeridou Sofia , Papayiannis Aristeides , Niskanen Markku , Deckwirth Vivi , Macheridis Stella , Suha Mikko , Turmo Tommi 
Published: January 2025

In 2024, the publisher of PMFIA series (Foundation for the Finnish Institute of Athens) decided to re-publish all previous volumes of the series, earlier available in printed form only, in an open-access format. Simultaneously, the contributions have been re-licensed with Creative commons license standard CC BY-NC, now commonly used in scientific publishing. The volumes, and the individual articles contained within them, have also been addigned DOI-numbers to enhance referencing.
Randomised controlled trial comparing the effect of honey versus standard dressing on fracture union and functional outcomes in open tibia fractures
Authors: Allen Ingabire JC , Ntirenganya Faustin , Uwineza Annette , Uwera Claudine , Musoni Emile , Uwakunda Carine , Nshumuyiki Joel , Imanishimwe Alphonsine , Mukambasabire Belise , Batamuliza Clementine , Nkubana Theoneste , Ncogoza Isae , N. Mwungura Espoir , Bucyibaruta Georges , M. Mambo Claude 
Published: January 2025

Objective: Open tibia fractures pose a high risk of infection and delayed healing, necessitating innovative wound management strategies. This randomised controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of honey dressings compared to standard saline dressings in promoting fracture union, reducing infection rates, and enhancing functional recovery in patients with Gustilo IIIA open tibia fractures.
Methods: Conducted at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Rwanda, this open-label, randomised trial enrolled 98 patients with Gustilo IIIA fractures from August 2022 to June 2023. Participants were randomised into two groups: an intervention group receiving honey dressings and a control group receiving saline dressings. Dressings were applied every two days, and all patients received standard antibiotic prophylaxis and fracture management. The primary outcome was fracture union six months post-surgery, evaluated via clinical and radiological assessments. Secondary outcomes included functional recovery, measured by the Lower Extremity Functional Scale, wound healing rates at 30 days, and infection rates.
Results: Of the 98 participants (mean age: 36.4 ± 14.4 years; 87.8% male), honey dressings significantly improved wound healing rates by day 30 (86.0% vs. 37.5%, p<0.001) and reduced surgical site infections (14.0% vs. 31.3%, p = 0.041). At six months, fracture union was achieved in 96.0% of the honey group compared to 81.3% of the control group (p = 0.046). Functional recovery was superior in the honey group, with 14.0% achieving full function and 60.0% achieving partial function, compared to 4.2% and 35.4%, respectively, in the control group (p = 0.002).
Conclusions: Honey dressings significantly enhanced wound healing, reduced infection rates, and improved long-term functional recovery and fracture union. These findings support honey dressings as a cost-effective alternative for managing complex orthopaedic trauma. Future multi-centre trials are warranted to confirm these results and explore the impact of socioeconomic factors on recovery outcomes.
Trial Registration: Rwanda Food and Drug Administration (Registration No. 017/CTAC/FDA/2022).
SOSIALISASI DAMPAK NEGATIF PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL SECARA BERLEBIHAN TERHADAP ANAK
Authors: Tampubolon Sutar Oktaviana , Mariani  , Deta Sonia Manik  
Published: January 2025

Social media is an online tool or media used by users to search for the information they need. Apart from that, social media itself can be used as a communication tool. Moreover, nowadays everything humans need can be accessed on social media in a very short time. Social media has gone viral for all groups, including children, teenagers and even adults. The development of social media makes performance faster, more precise and accurate so that it can increase the resulting productivity. The social media that are often used today are Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Instagram, WhatsApp and other social media. One of the users of social media now is students, because by using social media students can easily communicate near or long distance without having to meet face to face or meet. Social media for students is important not only as a place to obtain interesting information but has also become a lifestyle. Where one student can have more than one social media. Excessive use of social media for students can have a negative impact. One of the negative impacts of using social media is that it makes students lazy, damages their health, rarely talks with friends and so on. Thus, we as the proponents want to provide socialization activities on the positive and negative impacts of excessive use of social media on fifth grade elementary school students. This activity is expected to provide benefits for students and also help the role of teachers in developing students in using social media.
Keywords: socialization, social media, negative impact
ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN GERONTIK MENGGUNAKAN REBUSAN DAUN SALAM DENGAN MASALAH NYERI PADA GOUT ARTHRITIS DI DESA KARANGGEDANG KECAMATAN BUKATEJA
Authors: Farah Dilah Meisa  , Priyatin Sulistiowati  , Fida Dyah Puspasari  
Published: January 2025

Gout arthritis yaitu penyakit yang terjadi akibat metabolisme purin dan dapat ditandai dengan adanya keadaan kadar purin. Gout arthritis tergolong penyakit degeneratif yang menyerang pada persendian dan sering ditemui di kalangan masyarakat terutama pada lansia yang menimbulkan nyeri. Yang bertujuan untuk menurunkan skala rasa nyeri setelah diberikan rebusan daun salam dapat dipengaruhi oleh senyawa eugunol yang terkandung didalam daun salam, berperan sebagai analgetik. Oleh karena itu, rasa nyeri pada sendi yang terjadi oleh klien dapat menurun. Dan untuk mengetahui Gambaran asuhan keperawatan gerontik menggunakan pemberian rebusan daun salam dengan masalah utama nyeri pada gout arthritis. Desain ini menggunakan studi kasus melalui asuhan keperawatan pada pasien Ny.S dengan masalah keperawatan nyeri kronis serta dilakukan pengkajian, dianosa, rencana tindakan, tindakan keperawatan dan evaluasi. Pengkajian ditemukan keluhan utama nyeri pada Ny.S serta mengangkat diagnosa nyeri kronis hingga intervensi keperawatan yang diberikan adalah pemberian rebusan daun salam 1x sehari semala 1 minggu, evaluasi yang didapat adanya penurunan skala nyeri pada Ny.S dari 7 menjadi 3. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil metode penerapan pemberian rebusan daun salam sebagai terapi nonfarmakologi untuk menurunkan tingkat nyeri.
Power Generation
Authors: Zabihian Farshid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Electricity plays a major role in the functioning of our modern society in a way that life without it is unimaginable. We owe our current high quality of life to the electricity generation and distribution industry. This article begins with a brief review of this industry. Then, the history of power generation and its major milestones are discussed. The rest of the article deals with conventional power generation systems, starting with steam power generation cycles as the base for many fossil fuel‐fired, nuclear, geothermal, and solar thermal energy power plants. The major components of a typical steam cycle, including steam generators, combustion systems, emission control systems, steam turbines, condensate‐feedwater systems, and circulating water systems are covered. Next, the fundamental principles for nuclear steam power plants, including heavy‐water, light‐water, boiling‐water, and pressurized‐water reactors, are briefly reviewed. Then, gas turbines, their history, and their major components, that is, compressors, combustion chambers, and turbines, are discussed. The article concludes with a review of combined cycle power plants and cogeneration plants.
Light‐Induced Virtual Electrodes for Microfluidic Droplet Electro‐Coalescence
Authors: Zamboni Riccardo , Sebastián‐Vicente Carlos , Denz Cornelia , Imbrock Jörg 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectro‐coalescence is the fusion phenomenon between a pair or more microfluidic droplets that are immersed in an immiscible medium under an electric field. This technique is frequently used to merge confined droplets in surfactant‐stabilized microfluidic emulsions using local electric fields. Despite the necessity of miniaturized electrodes, this method has proven highly successful in microfluidics and lab‐on‐a‐chip applications. Miniaturized electrodes severely curtail the spatial and temporal flexibility of the electric potential, thus hindering real‐time and flexible operation and leading to high production costs. The current study addresses this problem with reconfigurable electric field potential by light‐driven functional virtual electrodes. These electrodes are light‐induced on a non‐centrosymmetric ferroelectric photovoltaic crystal placed below a microfluidic droplet channel. The photovoltaic effect in the crystal is responsible for the space charge distributions that act as virtual electrodes, whose evanescent field is screened by free charges into the two liquids inside the channel. A numerical model is developed to describe the evolution of the evanescent electric field causing electro‐coalescence. Based on this prediction, two coalescence processes occur at two different timescales and with different numbers of droplets involved. Controlled exposure time modulation allows either rapid on‐demand coalescence of droplet pairs or breakup of the entire emulsion.
Effect of 1‐Fluoro‐2‐iodobenzene Solvent Additive on the Crystallization of Donors and Acceptors, and Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Liang Zezhou , Yan Lihe , Wang Ning , Si Jinhai , Liu Shujuan , Wang Yufei , Tong Junfeng , Li Jianfeng , Zhao Baofeng , Gao Chao , Hou Xun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractControlled sequential crystallization of donors and acceptors is a critical factor for achieving enhanced phase separation and efficient charge transfer performance in polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, a comprehensive investigation of a structurally simple solvent additive, 1‐fluoro‐2‐iodobenzene (OFIB) is conducted, which efficiently controls the morphology of the active layer, resulting in fibrous assembly and significantly enhancing the power conversion efficiency from 16.34% to 18.38% based on the PM6:L8‐BO system. Density functional theory, molecular dynamics simulations, and grazing incidence small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering techniques reveal that the addition of OFIB to the processed blend aligns the orientation of the acceptor molecules, thereby enhancing the overall π–π stacking in the active layer. OFIB establishes nearly equal‐strength π–π interactions with the conjugated frameworks of both the donor and acceptor materials, benefiting from the multiple electron conjugation between its iodine atom and the conjugated framework in the active layer. Femtosecond‐timescale photophysical studies demonstrate that the OFIB‐optimized active layer shows reduced exciton losses at the donor–acceptor interface. This study offers a new perspective on the mechanism underlying the function of solvent additives and presents a comprehensive research methodology that will guide the development of next‐generation non‐fullerene acceptors for efficient PSCs.
High‐Performance Wide‐pH Zn‐Based Batteries via Electrode Interface Regulation with Valine Additive
Authors: Lin Hui , Lin Chuyuan , Xiao Fuyu , He Lingjun , Xiong Peixun , Luo Yongjin , Hu Xiang , Qian Qingrong , Chen Qinghua , Wen Zhenhai , Zeng Lingxing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc (Zn) based batteries show great promise as energy storage devices, cost‐effectiveness, and intrinsic safety. However, the development of Zn‐based batteries faces significant challenges, primarily stemming from poor electrochemical reversibility caused by dendrite growth, hydrogen generation, and byproduct formation on the Zn anode. In this study, valine (Val) is investigated as an electrolyte additive to finely tune the interface microenvironment, resulting in enhanced electrochemical stability of the Zn anode across a wide pH range, marking the first time such an approach has been explored. Val ions preferably adsorb onto the active sites of the Zn anode surface, enabling efficient isolation of water and SO42− from the desolvated shell layer and thus effectively inhibiting dendrite growth. The Zn||Zn symmetric cells are demonstrated with Val electrolyte additives present a remarkable cycling performance of 5400 h. Furthermore, Zn||MnO2 full cells exhibit stable operation for 5000 cycles at 3 A g−1. Notably, the Val additive also functions effectively in rechargeable alkaline cells, enabling the alkaline symmetric cells and Zn||Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cells to operate durably across a wide temperature range. This work offers unique insights into electrolyte engineering for aqueous rechargeable batteries, especially in terms of their compatibility with a wide pH range.
EVs‐on‐a‐Bubble: Self‐Aggregated Click Bubbles Streamline Isolation and Amplified Profiling of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Wei Binqi , Xiang Yuanhang , Qin Xiaojie , Yang Yu , Lu Hao , Li Haichao , Fang Min , Li Xinchun , Yang Fan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTumor‐derived circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide a non‐invasive solution for cancer diagnostics, but hampered by challenges in EVs isolation and profiling. Herein, this work shows that bioorthogonal microbubbles (click bubbles) combine a panel of fluorescent aptamers for streamlined isolation and profiling of oncologic EVs in a single assay. This click bubble‐driven aptasensor (cBAS) features self‐aggregation, self‐separation and self‐enhancing in fluorescence. The facile protein phase transition renders bubble surface polyvalent with rich clickable motifs, enabling fast enrichment of EVs. Moreover, the buoyancy allows click bubbles to self‐float to the droplet apex for self‐aggregated fluorescence enhancement via a bubble lensing effect, thus achieving a sensitive profiling of EVs without requiring additional signal amplification or ultrasensitive detectors. By using cBAS to profile EVs surface proteins from a cohort (n = 45) across three cancer types, a machine learning algorithm enables cancer diagnosis and classification with an overall accuracy of 91%. This EVs‐on‐a‐bubble assay is fast, sensitive, self‐powered, and provides a promising tool to facilitate EVs‐based cancer diagnosis in clinical settings.
A Reversible, Versatile Skin‐Attached Haptic Interface Platform with Bioinspired Interconnection Architectures Capable of Resisting Sweat and Vibration
Authors: Kim Jinhyung , Hwang Gui Won , Song Minwoo , Lim Dohyun , Kim Jae‐Ik , Choi Jin‐Ho , Lee Yeon Soo , Kim Da Wan , Yang Tae‐Heon , Pang Changhyun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA stable conformal interface technology for rough and sweaty complex skin is essential for a haptic interface capable of delivering sophisticated mechanical stimuli. However, conventional polymeric/hydrogel‐based skin adhesives cannot maintain adequate adhesion interaction performance at the haptic interface due to repetitive vibrations or sweaty skin. This study reports a reversible, versatile skin‐attached haptic interface platform, which embeds the hybrid architecture of a water‐drainable hexagonal array of frog toe pads and the energy‐dissipation matrix of snail pedal muscles with interconnected structures. The hybrid frog–snail‐inspired adhesive patch exhibits remarkable adhesion in pulling and shear directions under both dry and sweaty conditions. Furthermore, the microchannels between the hexagonal array can effectively drain liquid under sweaty conditions while also enhancing skin‐conformal contacts. The adhesion force enhanced by energy‐dissipation is analyzed considering a simple theory based on the adhesion, elastic, dissipation energies, and geometric features, resulting in the vibration‐resistant characteristics against diverse dry and wet vibration environments (vibrational frequency: 1–150 Hz). Bioinspired integrated skin‐attached haptic interface platform demonstrates the versatility of being reversibly applicable to various skin surfaces such as fingers, arms, and legs, yielding the feasibility of dynamic handling a basketball with multiple contacts and impacts in virtual reality (VR).
Logic Gate Activated Lysosome Targeting DNA Nanodevice for Controlled Proteins Degradation
Authors: Shang Yuzhe , Zhu Longyi , Xiao Yang , Du Songyuan , Ji Ruoyang , Li Bin , Chen Jialiang , Deng Shengyuan , Ren Kewei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTargeted protein degradation (TPD) is a powerful technique for the regulation of protein homeostasis. Current TPD mainly focuses on the therapeutical consequences rather than the operation processes of the molecular tools. Herein, a platform for precise manipulation of the protein degradation by activatable lysosome targeting DNA nanodevices is constructed. In the design, a lysosome‐targeting CD63 aptamer is locked by the single‐stranded DNA with a photocleavable group and a disulfide bond. This locked CD63 aptamer is connected with the aptamer targeting the protein of interest via double‐stranded DNA linkages to form the logic‐gate activated lysosome targeting DNA nanodevice (LALTD). With the UV light and endogenous GSH as inputs, an AND logic gate is built to efficiently manipulate the protein delivery processes by LALTD. The protein of interest can be degraded via efficient lysosome hydrolysis. Further studies show that the logic‐gate operation can be used for modulating T cell‐mediated antitumor immunity. The modularly designed activatable lysosome targeting DNA nanodevices exhibits good stability, controllability, programmability, and universality, providing a new prospect for accurate protein degradation and precise therapy.
Modulating Quantum Well Width of Ferroelectric Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskites for Flexible Light Communication Device
Authors: Zhang Xinglong , Li Ziqing , Hong Enliu , Deng Ming , Su Li , Fang Xiaosheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites exhibit significant ferroelectricity due to the spontaneous polarization of organic molecules. By modulating the quantum well width in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites BA2MAn‐1PbnBr3n+1, a series of perovskites are adopted to realize adjustable polarization intensity and bandgap width. It is found that when n = 3, perovskite has the maximum polarization strength and optimal optoelectronic performance. In addition, flexible photodetectors with high mechanical stability are successfully fabricated based on n = 3 perovskite microplates. The fabricated flexible photodetectors exhibit high responsivity of 920 mA W−1 and detectivity of 1.02 × 1011 Jones, along with excellent flexibility and stability. After 3000 bending cycles, the photocurrent of n = 3 perovskites photodetector remains 81.8% of initial state. Besides, the photocurrent of n = 3 perovskites increase by 33 and 34 times after polarization at 0 and 3 V, respectively. And n = 3 perovskites exhibit a high polarization sensitivity with a current ratio of 2.09. On the basis of controllable regulation of the photocurrent through polarization, the application of flexible decoding optoelectronic devices by utilizing the correspondence between optical signals before and after polarization and binaries is achieved. These findings highlight the potential of modulating quantum well width in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites as a promising strategy for designing next‐generation flexible optoelectronic devices.
Uncovering White Light Emission in Pressure‐Treated Sb‐Doped Double Perovskite by Coherent Optical Phonon
Authors: Jiang Jutao , Niu Guangming , Wang Xiaowei , Zeng Xiangyu , Zhang Yutong , Sui Laizhi , Che Li , Wu Guorong , Yuan Kaijun , Yang Xueming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSingle‐component white‐light emitters are ideal for solid‐state lighting applications. Here, the dual‐emission white light in the 3D Cs2NaInCl6:0.1 Sb3+ crystal is successfully achieved by the high‐pressure treatment strategy. Upon compression, the remarkable self‐trapped exciton (STE) emission enhancement is observed at 20.6 GPa due to the tilting and twisting of inorganic octahedron caused by the phase transition of Cs2NaInCl6:0.1 Sb3+ crystal. Intriguingly, after undergoing the high‐pressure treatment, in addition to the blue high‐energy emission from the STEs, [SbCl6]3− exhibits the orange low‐energy emission from STEs, which is ascribed to the remaining local distortion of inorganic octahedron resulting from the presence of residual amorphous phase in the local region upon decompression. Furthermore, coherent phonon generation and density functional theory calculations indicate that the electrons exhibit a strong coupling to A1g stretch mode and T2gIn bending mode in Cs2NaInCl6:0.1 Sb3+. After high‐pressure treatment, the coupling between the electrons and the T2gIn bending mode disappears, suggesting local octahedral symmetry disruption due to residual amorphous structures induced by high‐pressure treatment. This work unveils the relationship between the electron‐phonon coupling and the STE emission and offers a new strategy to design and synthesize the new single‐component white‐light metal halide perovskites.