bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nascent Aβ42 Fibrillization in Synaptic Endosomes Precedes Plaque Formation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's-like β-Amyloidosis
Authors: Eckman Elizabeth A. , Clausen Dana M. , Solé-Domėnech Santiago , Lee Chris W. , Sinobas-Pereira Cristina , Domalewski Ryan J. , Nichols Michael R. , Pacheco-Quinto Javier 
Published: October 2023

Accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregates in synapses may contribute to the profound synaptic loss characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The origin of synaptic Aβ aggregates remains elusive, but loss of endosomal proteostasis may trigger their formation. In this study, we identified the synaptic compartments where Aβ accumulates, and performed a longitudinal analysis of synaptosomes isolated from brains of TgCRND8 APP transgenic mice of either sex. To evaluate the specific contribution of Aβ-degrading protease endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE-1) to synaptic/endosomal Aβ homeostasis, we analyzed the effect of partialEce1KO in brain and completeECE1KO in SH-SY5Y cells. Global inhibition of ECE family members was used to further assess their role in preventing synaptic Aβ accumulation. Results showed that, before extracellular amyloid deposition, synapses were burdened with detergent-soluble Aβ monomers, oligomers, and fibrils. Levels of all soluble Aβ species declined thereafter, as Aβ42 turned progressively insoluble and accumulated in Aβ-producing synaptic endosomal vesicles with characteristics of multivesicular bodies. Accordingly, fibrillar Aβ was detected in brain exosomes. ECE-1-deficient mice had significantly increased endogenous synaptosomal Aβ42 levels, and protease inhibitor experiments showed that, in TgCRND8 mice, synaptic Aβ42 became nearly resistant to degradation by ECE-related proteases. Our study supports that Aβ accumulating in synapses is produced locally, within endosomes, and does not require the presence of amyloid plaques. ECE-1 is a determinant factor controlling the accumulation and fibrillization of nascent Aβ in endosomes and, in TgCRND8 mice, Aβ overproduction causes rapid loss of Aβ42 solubility that curtails ECE-mediated degradation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDeposition of aggregated Aβ in extracellular plaques is a defining feature of AD. Aβ aggregates also accumulate in synapses and may contribute to the profound synaptic loss and cognitive dysfunction typical of the disease. However, it is not clear whether synaptotoxic Aβ is mainly derived from plaques or if it is produced and aggregated locally, within affected synaptic compartments. Filling this knowledge gap is important for the development of an effective treatment for AD, as extracellular and intrasynaptic pools of Aβ may not be equally modulated by immunotherapies or other therapeutic approaches. In this manuscript, we provide evidence that Aβ aggregates building up in synapses are formed locally, within synaptic endosomes, because of disruptions in nascent Aβ proteostasis.
“Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme On Knowledge Regarding Premenstrual Syndrome Among Adolescent Girls Studying at Akkamahadevi Women’s Arts, Science and Commerce College at Bagalkot.
Authors: Chatter Aishwarya A , Itti Jayashri G , Patil Kavita 
Published: October 2023

Background: Adolescent stage is very important in the life of a girl, because in this stage physical, sexual and psychological maturity takes place. The major landmark of puberty for females is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs on an average between ages 12 and 13. The start of menstruation is usually a mixture of excitement and anxiety. Aims: To assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls studying at akkamahadevi women’s arts, science and commerce college at Bagalkot.Settings and Design: This Experimental study included a sample of 100 adolescent girls. 50 adolescent girls for experimental group had received Video assisted teaching programme at akkamahadevi women’s arts, science and commerce college at Bagalkot.Methods and Material: Data were collected using Structured Interview schedule method. Tools used for data collection were; socio-demographic questionnaire and Structured knowledge questionnaire.Results: Result depicts that an administration of Video assisted teaching programme to the experimental group has increased (16.55 %) their knowledge regarding Premenstrual syndrome as compared with control group.Result showed that there is a statistically significant difference between pre-test and post –test knowledge scores regarding premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls of both experimental (t=-15.13 (tab, p< 0.0001) and control group (t=-2.187, p< 0.05) adolescent girls.A statistically significant difference was found between post- test knowledge scores regarding premenstrual syndrome of experimental group and control group adolescent girls [t=10.166, p<0.0001].There was no significant association was found between knowledge scores regarding premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls of experimental group with any of their selected socio-demographic variables. There is a significant association between area of residence (?2==4.675, P<0.05) between knowledge scores regarding premenstrual syndrome and there was no significant association found between knowledge scores regarding premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls of control group with any of their remained selected socio-demographic variables.
Turkic-Speaking Population on the Steppe Borderland of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Crimean Khanate in the 15th – the First Half of the 16th Centuries
Authors: Hrybovskyi Vladyslav V. 
Published: October 2023

The ethnic and demographic situation on the borderland of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Crimean Khanates is analysed on the basis of narratives (Michalon Lituanus, Marcin Broniowski, Marcin Bielski, Bartosz Paprocki) and documentary sources (publications “Lithuanian Metrics”, “Archive of South Western Russia”, documents of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine).
The boundaries laid by the local prince of Kiev Simeon Olelkovich in the 15th century were significant for a later time as a precedent for ideas about the boundary between the Black Sea Tatars and Ukrainian Cossacks. The Zaporozhian Host at the early 18th century referred it as “Vytautas borders”. However, this “boundary” was conditional. The steppe space between the rivers Southern Bug and Dnieper was occupied by the Ukrainian Cossacks (later the Zaporozhians) in the summer, and by the “Perekop Tatars” in the winter. The seasonal migrations, set by the conditions of the first half of the 16th century, persisted until the middle of the 17th century.
The notion “Tatars” is a conventional designation for the Turkic-speaking population in the Black Sea steppe before the migration of the Noghais to this region in the second half of the 16th to early 17th centuries. “Perekop Tatars” were not nomads, but a semi-sedentary population. Economic occupations and the degree of settlement of this population differed according to gender, age and social position. Women, children, clients and slaves lived in stationary settlements, were engaged in agriculture and horticulture. Full-fledged men led an mobile lifestyle, were engaged in stockbreeding, hunting and war. The economy was based on sheep and horse breeding.
Particular attention is paid to the male groups of the “Perekop Tatars”, which had a changeable and often multiethnic composition, combined shepherding and war, and for a long time were without a family and permanent place of residence. Some demographic data (cited by Gilles Veinstein) indicate a significant excess of the number of men relative to women. These male groups in the sources of that time are designated as “Kazak” and “Çoban”.
The Qur’ans of the Spanish Moriscos and the Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: Drawing Comparisons and Tracing Patterns
Authors: Starczewska Katarzyna K. 
Published: October 2023

This paper is aimed at presenting a preliminary comparative study of the Qur’anic translations produced by two autochthonous European Muslim communities: Spanish Mudéjars (Muslims who remained in the Iberian Pen- insula after the Christian reconquest) and Moriscos (former Muslims forced to convert to Christianity) and, on the other side of Europe, the Tatars of Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL). The framework for this comparison is provided by some basic facts: over the span of two centuries, in the case of the Morisco pop- ulation (starting with the conquest of Granada in 1492, until the expulsion of the Moriscos in 1609)1, and three centuries in that of the Tatars of the GDL (17th to 19th centuries), their literary production was exclusively hand-written. Both groups preserved their Muslim religiosity but, with some erudite exceptions, had only scarce knowledge of Arabic, the holy language of Qur’anic revelation. Moreover, without having access to one another’s culture, both Moriscos and the Tatars of the GDL adapted the Arabic alphabet to their vehicular languag- es, Romance and Slavic respectively2. Thanks to this adaptation strategy, they maintained the sacred aspect of their writings and were able to translate the Qur’an into a language they fully understood. However, in spite of these strik- ing similarities between the two groups, there were also notable differences. While the Tatars of the GDL were granted full religious freedom, the Moriscos were heavily persecuted for any signs of adherence to Islam. In order to shed more light on the phenomenon of European Muslim cultures, in this paper I will present various manuscript examples of these groups’ Qur’anic translations, and draw some preliminary conclusions regarding the information that can be retrieved from this kind of sources.
Ethnozoological uses and local people’s perceptions of a competitor primate in the Fringe of the Kundelungu National Park, D.R. Congo
Authors: Kazaba Paul Kaseya , Mandomombe Gordon Tinaye , Tshikung Didier Kambol , Sowunmi Akindayo Abiodun , Aweto Albert Orodena 
Published: October 2023

Several studies investigate the human dimension of human-wildlife conflicts, but human attitudes towards forest-dependent animals such as primates in the context of competition for forest resources are still under-researched. We used a semi-structured questionnaire and conducted ethnozoological surveys in order to identify the uses of Kinda baboons (Papio kindae Lönnberg) and the main factors associated with local people’s attitudes towards this frugivorous primate, at the periphery of the Kundelungu National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo. This study indicates that Kinda baboons are important to community members, essentially for consumptive uses, namely as bushmeat and medicinal animals. The association between local peoples’ anti-conservation attitudes towards these baboons and mentions of the depletion of co-used indigenous trees has been confirmed statistically, suggesting the perception of baboons as competitors. Also, even though the majority of respondents recognized the vulnerability of baboons to the depletion of co-used indigenous trees, against our hypothesis, most of them were not inclined to use these resources sustainably. However, an association between the frequency of encounters with Kinda baboons and park-adjacent dwellers’ willingness to conserve baboon-edible trees has been established. We therefore support the view that improving the availability of co-used trees through reforestation or agroforestry is likely to alleviate the prevalence of negative attitudes towards tree-dependent animals. Also, in order to gain community support to protected areas and wildlife, pro-conservation campaigns in similar settings should not merely highlight the vulnerability of animals to the depletion of their resources, but also promote the responsible access of local people to protected areas.
Study of clinical profile and outcome of poisoning in children admitted to a tertiary care hospital
Authors: P. Mallanagouda K. , Sajjanar Sujata , L. Nandini G. 
Published: October 2023

Background: A poison is any substance that causes harm to a living being. Children are curious and explore their world with all their senses. Every year thousands of children are admitted to emergency department with poisoning. Poisoning pattern changes according to age group, the nature, dose of the poison, type of exposure. This study is aimed at understanding the incidence, aetiology, manner of poisoning and outcome among children less than 18 years of age admitted to Paediatric emergency department.
Methods: This is a Prospective observational study conducted in Paediatrics, MMC and RI, Mysore (Cheluvaba Hospital) between January 2019 to June 2019. After taking ethical committee clearance. 142 children with poisoning admitted to emergency department were included in this study. The age and sex of the patient, poisoning agent, manner of poisoning, duration of hospital stay and outcome of all the patients were recorded and analysed.
Results: Out of 142, 78 (54.9%) cases are males, 64 (45.1%) cases are females. 91 (64.1%) cases are <5 years of age, 17 (12%) cases are between 5-10 year, 34 (23.9%) cases are above 10 years. Among all, 38 (26%) cases of drugs consumption. 65 (45.8%) cases of kerosene consumption. 21 (14.8%) cases of insecticides and pesticides poison. Unknown compound 18 (12.7%) cases. 4 (2.8%) cases died- aluminium phosphide poisoning 3 (75%) and Organophosphorous poison 1 (25%). Duration of hospital stay varied from 1 day to more than 15 days.
Conclusions: Accidental poisoning is common in children below 5 years of age. Suicidal poisoning incidence is increasing among teenagers either due to exam stress or peer pressure. Accidental poisoning can be reduced by simple measures like parental education, replacing the poisoning agent with one of lower toxicity, legislation regarding the child resistant packaging of necessary poisons.
The effect of standardisation on collocations in Colombian and European Spanish translations of the work "Rootless"
Authors: Valencia Giraldo María Victoria 
Published: October 2023

The empirical study of syntactic, stylistic, and lexical patterns through corpora has frequently revealed a tendency towards standardisation, as Toury (1995/2012) defines it, in translated texts. In this vein, some studies have found that diatopy tends to become blurred in translations, particularly into transnational languages. In the case of Spanish, it has been stated that the enormous geographical richness of the language is not really reflected in translated Spanish. This paper argues that the translation of the work Rootless by Chris Howard into Colombian Spanish exhibits traits more typical of the European Spanish than of the Colombian Spanish variety. For this purpose, diatopic distribution of verb + noun (object) collocations extracted from a parallel corpus and a monolingual corpus of Rootless and its translations published in Colombian and European Spanish, is examined in a reference Spanish corpus.
Keywords: parallel corpus; translated Spanish; Colombian Spanish; standardisation in translation; diatopic variation
Spectrum Sharing Framework in Full Duplex Mode with minimum Interference in 5G Cellular Network
Authors: Rajput Manisha , P Malathi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Spectral sharing with in-band full-duplex (FD) primary users (PUs) in cognitive radio (CR) systems is a difficult and challenging task. The ability of the secondary user (SU) to access the spectrum could be substantially impeded by the primary network's self-interference. We propose a novel dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) scheme while satisfying In-band FD technology is the mitigation of strong self-interference in the 5G cellular networks platform. In particular, the in-band FD-PU pair implements the normal proper Gaussian signal, although it is intended for SU downlink transmission with an inappropriate Gaussian signal. First, we derive the closed-form expression and the upper bounds of the default probabilities for SU and PU, respectively. While discussing major concerns in the 5G cellular networks system, the second stage optimization is carried out utilizing the optimal spectrum sharing approach, and a self-interference game methodology based on the proportional enthalpy based sigmoid solution is applied. This method is primarily employed to reduce computational complexity and overheads. In terms of SINR, Spectral efficiency, and other metrics, the computational studies shows that the provided method outperforms existing methods.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism in pigs of Tripura, India
Authors: Das Subham , Pandit Soumitra , Jas Ruma , Baidya Surajit , Mandal Subhas Chandra , Debbarma Apurba , Batabyal Subhasis , De Ankan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pig is an important livestock species mostly reared by economically weaker section of people. In North-Eastern (NE) states of India, pig husbandry is very much popular and is a main stay to maintain the livelihood of the rural native population. Gastrointentinal (GI) parasitic infection is one of the major constrain in profitable pig production in this area. In the present study, the GI parasitism in pigs was investigated in the three districts of Tripura, a NE State of India. The examination of fecal samples revealed the overall prevalence of 61.65% with detection of 6 GI parasitic species including 4 nematodes and 2 protozoa. Ascaris sp. was found to be the most prevalent GI parasite in pigs in the study. The age, sex, season, breed, area and farming system wise study showed the highest prevalence of GI parasites in grower pigs, female pigs, monsoon season, non-descript breeds, Khowai district and free ranging farming system, respectively. Overall, our study provides a baseline data for further investigation and formulation of strategies for control of GI parasitism in pigs in Tripura.
Building Cyber-Attack Immunity in Electric Energy System Inspired by Infectious Disease Ecology
Authors: Srivast Anurag , Hussain Md. Mustafa , Sadanandan Sajan , Sarwari Arif , Reece Rebecca 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite being man-made, cyber-power systems and the associated cyber-attacks evolve in tandem with human expertise that matures over time. This dynamic mirrors the evolutionary processes observed in infectious disease ecology within microbial and human host systems. In this paper, we delve into the parallels between cyber-power systems and infectious disease ecology, culminating in the development of a bio-inspired cyber-immunity to enable cyber-resilient system. Parallels among these two systems are more evident with the digital automation of power system to enhance situational awareness and operational efficiency. However, automation has concurrently introduced multiple potential avenues for cyber attackers to exploit. Cyber adversaries are also advancing their methods, often leveraging intelligent algorithms and technologies to infiltrate confidential data, disrupt critical networks, and compromise communication channels similar to microbial. The data and system at risk are growing over time. Therefore, cyber resilience is the need of time, giving the power system utility the ability to anticipate, withstand, and recover from any cyber-attack. This work aims to develop a bio-inspired resilient cyber defense system to identify, protect, detect, respond, and recover from more complex and well-targeted cyber attacks. The proposed framework has two key features:(i) it draws upon principles and insights from engineered and natural defense mechanisms employed in combating infectious diseases, adapting them to bolster the cybersecurity of digital substation automation in energy systems, and ii) it constantly evolves in response to cyber attacks by transmitting iterative feedback to substation networks from each component at various stages of these attacks. This iterative learning process empowers the framework to safeguard against similar types of attacks in the future. Further we discuss the bio-inspired system’s ability to defend against cyber-attacks as well as iteratively improve through feedback learning from framework components for future attacks of a similar sort was further discussed. A realistic cyber attack use case scenario has been developed using a real-time cyber-power substation automation testbed to validate the proposed framework and demonstrate its potential future adoptions. With the implementation of this framework, cyber-power systems will be able to deal with randomness, ambiguity, and the rapid advancement of potential cyber threats while applying digital substation automation technologies. With the development of more intelligent technologies that can deal with incompleteness and uncertainty better than ever before, modern cyber defense systems can mimic immunity and resilience inspired by infectious disease ecology and natural host defense systems.
Adaptive Fuzzy Wavelet Backstepping Control for Two-axis Motion Trajectory Application
Authors: Mao Wei-Lung , Lin Bing-Hong , Chen Sung-Hua , Wang Yi-Chieh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The product quality of a machining tool often corresponds to the accuracy of contour tracking. To achieve the precision tracking control of a biaxial Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) motion system, attempts made in this paper are to introduce the Adaptive Fuzzy Wavelet Backstepping Controller (AFWBC). Considering the uncertainties of this model, the dynamics used in the control law is estimated by the fuzzy wavelet neural network. The method under consideration used the temporal positioning property of wavelets in the time domain, coupled with the reasoning abilities of a fuzzy system, to effectively estimate a reliable plant model. Then, the estimated model is integrated in the backstepping controller with the adaptive law to tackle system’s nonlinearity and uncertainties. The stability of overall system is guaranteed via a rigorous Lyapunov stability analysis. To better validate the system, both simulation and experimental setups are conducted. During the experimental evaluation, non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) is employed for contour planning due to its high-accuracy interpolation capabilities. The results showed that the AFWBC method effectively could reduce errors and so significantly improve trajectory tracking accuracy and localization.