bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of a plant-based pediatric nutrition drink based on almonds and buckwheat on reported relief of intolerance symptoms: retrospective analysis of a parent survey
Authors: Bridges Kayla M , Bar-Yoseph Fabiana , Meyer Rosan , Mizrahi Renana , Vanderhoof Jon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a demonstrated need for pediatric plant-based alternatives that are non-soy, low in added sugars, and have age-appropriate nutrient profiles. In the absence of prospective clinical trial data, it is beneficial to evaluate parent-reported health-related outcomes. This study aims to assess the use of a commercially available low-sugar, non-soy pediatric whole plant-based formula with a novel complementary protein source based on minimally processed almonds and buckwheat.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of anonymized data from a parent-reported consumer survey was conducted with an IRB waiver. Survey content included questions related to usage, demographic and anthropometric information, and other pertinent nutrition-related outcome data. Descriptive and exploratory analyses were conducted, and further analyses were conducted on two identified subgroups. Quantitative growth analyses were conducted for available/valid data using multiple regression analysis.
Results: Significant improvements were subjectively reported for weight gain, stool patterns/consistency, tolerance, and general acceptance since using this novel product. Parents reported overcoming more than 80% of growth problems and a reduction in over 75% of symptoms related to gastrointestinal tolerance and skin rash.
Conclusion: These novel whole plant-based complete nutrition products were accepted and well tolerated by toddlers and children experiencing clinical symptoms not otherwise addressed by previous nutrition products.
Accuracy Improvement of Mutual Integration Mechanism Driven Algorithms for Boom Cable Force Recognition
Authors: Zhang HaoYu , Yang Yang , Zhang He , LI Xiao zhang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Accurate measurement of cable tension is crucial for real-time monitoring of bridge systems, preventing potential risks, and ensuring bridge safety and continuous operation. However, traditional cable tension measurement often faces the challenge of ensuring accuracy when dealing with complex elastic boundary conditions. This article uses 9 finite element model suspension cables with complex elastic boundary conditions as data for cable force identification, and uses heuristic algorithms to achieve cable force identification with the goal of minimizing the frequency and actual frequency. Based on the recognition results and process, the reasons for inaccurate identification of cable forces under complex elastic boundaries were analyzed, and a mutual fusion mechanism was proposed to improve the accuracy of cable force identification. The results show that the proposed mutual fusion mechanism reduces the maximum relative error of cable tension in accuracy by 12.6%, significantly improving accuracy, and reduces the relative error of most initial cable tension identification to 5%, meeting the needs of practical engineering. In addition, the non parametric test statistical method also proves that the introduction of mutual fusion mechanism has a significant impact on the relative error value of cable tension. Finally, the fusion mechanism was verified through data from three engineering cables to meet engineering requirements. This method provides a new technical solution for intelligent and accurate identification of cable forces in long bridge beams, and has broad application prospects.
Involvement of CX3CR1+ cells appearing in the abdominal cavity in the immunosuppressive environment immediately after gastric cancer surgery
Authors: Natsuki Seiji , Yoshii Mami , Tanaka Hiroaki , Mori Takuya , Deguchi Sota , Miki Yuichiro , Tamura Tatsuro , Toyokawa Takahiro , Lee Shigeru , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer is primarily treated by surgery; however, little is known about the changes in the intraperitoneal immune environment and the prognostic impact of surgery. Surgical stress and cancer-associated inflammation cause immune cells to mobilize into the abdominal cavity via numerous cytokines. One such cytokine, CX3CR1, has various immune-related functions that remain to be fully explained. We characterized the intraperitoneal immune environment by investigating CX3CR1+ cells in intraperitoneal lavage fluid during gastric cancer surgery.
Methods
Lavage fluid samples were obtained from a total of 41 patients who underwent gastrectomy. The relative expression of various genes was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. The association of each gene expression with clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes was examined. The fraction of CX3CR1+ cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokine profiles in lavage fluid samples were investigated using a cytometric beads array.
Results
CX3CR1high patients exhibited higher levels of perioperative inflammation in blood tests and more recurrences than CX3CR1low patients. CX3CR1high patients tended to exhibit higher pathological T and N stage than CX3CR1low patients. CX3CR1 was primarily expressed on myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. In particular, polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells were associated with perioperative inflammation, pathological N, and recurrences. These immunosuppressive cells were associated with a trend toward unfavorable prognosis. Moreover, CX3CR1 expression was correlated with programmed death–1 expression.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that CX3CR1+ cells are associated with an acute inflammatory response, tumor-promotion, and recurrence. CX3CR1 expression could be taken advantage of as a beneficial therapeutic target for improving immunosuppressive state in the future. In addition, analysis of intra-abdominal CX3CR1+ cells could be useful for characterizing the immune environment after gastric cancer surgery.
Augmented Reality-Based Surgical Navigation of Pelvic Screw Placement. Feasibility, Technique, and Limitations
Authors: Heining Sandro Michael , Raykov Vladislav , Wolff Oliver , Alkadhi Hatem , Pape Hans-Christoph , Wanner Guido A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Minimally invasive surgical treatment of pelvic trauma requires a significant level of surgical training and technical expertise. Novel imaging and navigation technologies have always driven surgical technique, and with head-mounted displays being commercially available nowadays, the assessment of such Augmented Reality (AR) devices in a specific surgical setting is appropriate.
Methods
In this experimental Level 2 study, an AR-based surgical navigation system was assessed in a specific clinical scenario with standard pelvic and acetabular screw pathways. The system has the following components: an optical-see-through Head Mounted Display (HMD, HoloLens 2), a specifically designed modular AR software (HoloMA), and surgical tool tracking using pose estimation with synthetic square markers (ArUco).
Results
The success rate for entry point navigation was 93.8%, the overall translational deviation of drill pathways was 3.99 ± 1.77mm, and the overall rotational deviation of drill pathways was 4.3 ± 1.8°. There was no relevant theoretic screw perforation, as shown by 88.7% Grade 0–1 and 100% Grade 0–2 rating in our pelvic screw perforation score. Regarding screw length, 103 ± 8% of the planned pathway length could be realized successfully.
Conclusions
The system proved feasible for the task of percutaneous screw placement in the pelvis and, thus, could easily be adapted to a specific clinical scenario. The system showed comparable performance with other computer-aided solutions while providing specific advantages such as true 3D vision without intraoperative radiation.
Integrated environmental and clinical surveillance for the prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in indoor environments and vulnerable communities (Stell-ARI)
Authors: Carducci Annalaura , Arzilli Guglielmo , Atomsa Nebiyu Tariku , Lauretani Giulia , Verani Marco , Pistelli Francesco , Tavoschi Lara , Federigi Ileana , Fornili Marco , Petri Davide , Lomonaco Tommaso , Meschi Claudia , Pagani Alessandra , Agostini Antonello , Carrozzi Laura , Baglietto Laura , Paolotti Daniela , Cattuto Ciro , Dall'Amico Lorenzo , Rizzo Caterina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The epidemiological relevance of viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs) has been dramatically highlighted by COVID-19. However, other viruses cannot be neglected, such as the influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human adenovirus. These viruses thrive in closed spaces, influenced by human and environmental factors. High-risk closed communities are the most vulnerable settings, where the real extent of viral ARIs is often difficult to evaluate, due to the natural disease progression and case identification complexities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiology has demonstrated its great potential for monitoring the circulation and evolution of the virus in the environment. The “Prevention of ARIs in indoor environments and vulnerable communities” study (Stell-ARI) addresses the urgent need for integrated surveillance and early detection of ARIs within enclosed and vulnerable communities such as Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCFs), prisons and primary schools. The rapid transmission of ARIs in such environments underscores the importance of comprehensive surveillance strategies to minimise the risk of outbreaks and safeguard community health, enabling proactive prevention and control strategies to protect the health of vulnerable populations.
Methods
The Stell-ARI study consists of designing and validating tools for integrated clinical and environmental-based surveillance for each setting, coupled with analytical methods for environmental matrices. The study design encompasses the development of specialised clinical surveillance involving pseudonymized questionnaires and nasopharyngeal swabs for virus identification, while the environmental surveillance includes air and surface microbiological and chemical monitoring, and virological analysis of wastewater. Integrating this information and the collection of behavioural and environmental risk factors into predictive and risk assessment models will provide a useful tool for early warning, risk assessment and informed decision-making.
Discussion
This study seeks to integrate clinical, behavioural, and environmental data to establish and validate a predictive model and risk assessment tool for the early warning and risk management of viral ARIs in closed and vulnerable communities prior to the onset of an outbreak.
Distinct Epigenetic Modulation of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Adult Brain Following Prenatal Exposure to Low-Dose Bisphenol A
Authors: Weng Jie , Zhu Yue-yan , Liao Li-yong , Yang Xin-tong , Dong Yu-hao , Meng Wei-da , Sun Dai-jing , Liu Yun , Peng Wen-zhu , Jiang Yan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common component in the manufacture of daily plastic consumer goods. Recent studies have suggested that prenatal exposure to BPA can increase the susceptibility of offspring to mental illness, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling in the adult brain following prenatal exposure to low-dose BPA. We observed a sex-specific transcriptional dysregulation in the cortex, with males exhibiting more significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology analysis revealed that the upregulated genes primarily influenced neuronal functions, while the downregulated genes were significantly enriched in the energy metabolism pathways. Further evidence supporting impaired mitochondrial function in the cortical neurons of the BPA group, including a decreased ATP level and a reduced number of mitochondria. We further investigated the higher-order chromatin regulatory patterns of DEGs by incorporating our previously published Hi-C data. Interestingly, we found that upregulated genes exhibited more distal interactions with multiple enhancers, while downregulated genes displayed relatively short-range interactions among adjacent genes. Our data further revealed decreased H3K9me3 signal on the distal enhancers of upregulated genes, whereas increased DNA methylation and H3K27me3 signals on the promoters of downregulated genes. In summary, our study provides compelling evidence for the potential health risks associated with prenatal exposure to BPA, and uncovers sex-specific transcriptional changes with a complex interplay of multiple epigenetic mechanisms.
Morbidity profile and pharmaceutical management of adult outpatients between primary and tertiary care levels in Sri Lanka: A dual-centre, comparative study
Authors: Alwis Inosha , Rajapaksha Buwanaka , Jayasanka Chanuka , Dharmaratne Samath D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Outpatient care is central to both primary and tertiary levels in a health system. However, evidence is limited on outpatient differences between these levels, especially in South Asia. This study aimed to describe and compare the morbidity profile (presenting morbidities, comorbidities, multimorbidity) and pharmaceutical management (patterns, indicators) of adult outpatients between a primary and tertiary care outpatient department (OPD) in Sri Lanka.
Methods
A comparative study was conducted by recruiting 737 adult outpatients visiting Divisional Hospital Katugastota (primary care) and National Hospital Kandy (tertiary care). A self-administered questionnaire and a data sheet were used to collect outpatient and prescription data. Following standard categorisations, Chi-square tests and Mann‒Whitney U tests were used for comparisons.
Results
Outpatient cohorts were predominated by females and middle-aged individuals. The median duration of presenting symptoms was higher in tertiary care OPD (10 days, interquartile range: 52) than in primary care (3 days, interquartile range: 12). The most common systemic complaint in primary care OPD was respiratory symptoms (32.4%), whereas it was dermatological symptoms (30.2%) in tertiary care. The self-reported prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) was 37.9% (95% CI: 33.2–42.8) in tertiary care OPD and 33.2% (95% CI: 28.5–38.3) in primary care; individual differences were significant only for diabetes (19.7% vs. 12.8%). The multimorbidity in tertiary care OPD was 19.0% (95% CI: 15.3–23.1), while it was 15.9% (95% CI: 12.4–20.0) in primary care. The average number of medicines per encounter at primary care OPD (3.86, 95% CI: 3.73–3.99) was higher than that at tertiary care (3.47, 95% CI: 3.31–3.63). Prescribing corticosteroids (62.7%), vitamin supplements (45.8%), antiallergic (55.3%) and antiasthmatic (31.3%) drugs was higher in the primary care OPD, and the two former drugs did not match the morbidity profile. The proportion of antibiotics encountered did not differ significantly between OPDs.
Conclusions
The morbidities between primary and tertiary care OPDs differed in duration and type but not in terms of multimorbidity or most comorbidities. Pharmaceutical management also varied in terms of medicines per encounter and prescribed categories. This evidence supports planning in health and provides directions for future research in primary care.
Microstructure and mechanical characterization of diffusion bonded CoCrCuFeNi HEA/TC4 joints using a Ni interlayer
Authors: Li Juan , Yin Rong , Zhao Honglong , Qin Qindong , Luo Shaomin , Zhou Nian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aimed at the weak connection strength of CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy (HEA)/TC4 welding joint, Ni foil was selected as an intermedia layer for CoCrCuFeNi HEA/TC4 diffusion bonding, and sound joints were achieved. Concurrently, an investigation was conducted on the customary microstructure, the impact of temperature on both the microstructure and properties, as well as the interfacial formation mechanism of the joints. The results indicated that the CoCrCuFeNi HEA/TC4 diffusion bonded joint, with a Ni intermediate layer, exhibits a characteristic microstructure. This microstructure consists of several distinct layers, namely the HEA diffusion layer, Ni(s,s) solid solution layer, TiNi3 layer, TiNi layer, Ti2Ni layer, and TC4 diffusion layer. The formation of the interfacial layers primarily occurred through the process of mutual diffusion between elements and the Ni-Ti diffusion reaction. The highest shear strength of 230 MPa is observed in the joint formed at a temperature of 792 ℃. This joint exhibits an interfacial structure characterized by a multilayer composition consisting of 'HEA/HEA diffusion layer/Ni(s,s)/TiNi3/TiNi/TC4 diffusion layer/TC4'. The primary location of fracture initiation is observed within the TiNi3 layer, subsequently propagating through several interfacial layers. When the temperature of diffusion welding exceeds 842 ℃, it results in the formation of a continuous layer of Ti2Ni compound. This compound layer has the effect of reducing the shear strength of the joint. Consequently, the joint is prone to failure at this brittle layer once it is formed.
Associations of a previous diagnosis of cancer and/or cardiovascular disease with current physical activity levels in Korean adults
Authors: An Ki-Yong , Arthuso Fernanda , Allen Spencer , Ntoukas Stephanie , Courneya Kerry 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE: A diagnosis of cancer (CAN) and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) may influence physical activity levels; however, no study has examined the independent and combined associations of a CAN and CVD diagnosis with physical activity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the associations of the occurrence, order, and timing of a CAN and/or CVD diagnosis with physical activity in Korean adults.
METHODS: Korean adults, who reported current physical activity and previous CAN and/or CVD diagnosis in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2014 and 2019, were included in the study. Analysis of covariance and multinomial logistic regression were used to examine associations.
RESULTS: Overall, 29,434 (90.1%) were diagnosed with neither disease, 1,591 (4.9%) with CAN only, 1,493 (4.6%) with CVD only, and 137 (0.4%) with both diseases. Participants diagnosed with CAN only reported more leisure-time and moderate physical activity than those diagnosed with neither disease and CVD only; and more walking than those diagnosed with neither disease, CVD only, and both diseases. Participants diagnosed with CVD only walked less than those diagnosed with neither disease. Participants diagnosed with both diseases reported no vigorous activity and less strength exercise than neither disease and CVD only. Few associations were found for the order and timing of diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Korean adults diagnosed with CAN only reported more physical activity than those diagnosed with CVD only, both diseases, and even neither disease. Understanding the differential impact of a disease diagnosis on physical activity may identify potential intervention strategies.
How systemic racism results in poorer outcomes for First Nations, and what First Nations are doing about it: the example of kidney health
Authors: Lavoie Josée G , McLeod Lorraine , Zacharias James , Cook Tannyce , Whitlock Reid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: End-stage kidney disease continues to disproportionally impact the lives of First Nations patients. Systemic racism is a key determinant, and manifests as differential access to determinants of health (housing, employment, access to care) and differential care. This paper discusses how different models of primary healthcare operating in rural and remote Manitoba communities results in different outcomes for patients identified as being at risk of kidney disease.
Methods: This study is a partnership between researchers from the First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba and the University of Manitoba. We used health administrative data held at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy for the period of 2006-2019, linked to the Manitoba First Nations Research File to identify First Nations. Data we used included: Diagnostic Services Manitoba Laboratory Data, Medical Claims, Hospital Discharge Abstracts, Drug Program Information Network Data, Public Canadian Census Files, Manitoba Health Insurance Registry, and Physician Resource File. All records were de-identified.
Results: We identified 12,613 First Nations people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) during the study period. First Nations individuals with CKD who reside in communities served by Nursing Stations (most remote communities) when supplemented by additional Indigenous programs were consistently more likely to receive follow-up serum creatinine (OR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.30-1.45, p<0.001), urine ACR (OR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.16-1.28, p<0.001), serum potassium (OR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.32-1.49, p<0.001) than individuals who lived in communities' served by Nursing Stations alone, Health Centres, Health Offices, or Off Reserve.
Conclusions: In Canada, when primary healthcare is enhanced by health services determined by First Nations remoteness alone is not a risk factor. Addressing the rise in premature mortality experienced by First Nations from kidney diseases require greater investments in First Nations-centric primary healthcare, that is locally managed. Additionally, off-reserve primary care services must be alerted to their need to better address the needs of First Nations at risk of CKD, with more consistent follow up, referrals, and in providing culturally safe care. Finally, First Nations-led research in kidney health and primary healthcare is leading to significant improvements in outcomes, and needs to be better supported and resourced.
Comparing the effects of metronome walking on long-term attractor divergence of gait dynamics and on correlation structure of stride intervals: a validation study in older people
Authors: Sophia Piergiovanni , Terrier Philippe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of metronome walking on gait dynamics in older adults, focusing on long-range correlation structures and long-range attractor divergence (assessed by maximum Lyapunov exponents). Sixty older adults participated in indoor walking tests with and without metronome cues. Gait parameters were recorded using two triaxial accelerometers attached to the lumbar region and to the foot. We analyzed logarithmic divergence of lumbar acceleration using Rosenstein's algorithm and scaling exponents for stride intervals from foot accelerometers using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Results indicated a concomitant reduction in long-term divergence exponents and scaling exponents during metronome walking, while short-term divergence remained largely unchanged. Furthermore, long-term divergence exponents and scaling exponents were significantly correlated. Reliability analysis revealed moderate to good intrasession consistency for long-term divergence exponents, but poor reliability for scaling exponents. Our results suggest that long-term divergence exponents could effectively replace scaling exponents for unsupervised gait quality assessment in older adults. This approach may improve the assessment of attentional involvement in gait control and enhance fall risk assessment.