bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron supplementation in the diets of hybrid catfish (Ictalurus punctatus × I. furcatus) juveniles affected haematocrit levels and potentially decreased disease resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri
Authors: Yamamoto Fernando Y. , Griffin Matt J. , Richardson Bradley M. , Stilwell Justin M. , Romano Nicholas , Goodman Penelope M. , Reifers J. Grant , Wise David J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo prevent catfish idiopathic anaemia, diets fortified with iron have been adopted as a regular practice on commercial catfish farms to promote erythropoiesis. However, the effects of prolonged exposure of excess dietary iron on production performance and disease resistance for hybrid catfish (Ictalurus punctatus × I. furcatus) remains unknown. Four experimental diets were supplemented with ferrous monosulphate to provide 0, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg of iron per kg of diet. Groups of 16 hybrid catfish juveniles (~22.4 g) were stocked in each of 20, 110‐L aquaria (n = 5), and experimental diets were offered to the fish to apparent satiation for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, production performance, survival, condition indices, as well as protein and iron retention were unaffected by the dietary treatments. Blood haematocrit and the iron concentration in the whole‐body presented a linear increase with the increasing the dietary iron. The remaining fish from the feeding trial was challenged with Edwardsiella ictaluri. Mortality was mainly observed for the dietary groups treated with iron supplemented diets. The results for this study suggest that iron supplementation beyond the required levels does affect the blood production, and it may increase their susceptibility to E. ictaluri infection.
Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in clear aligner patients using orthodontic intermaxillary elastics assessed with diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) axis II evaluation: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Uzunçıbuk Hande , Marrapodi Maria Maddalena , Meto Aida , Ronsivalle Vincenzo , Cicciù Marco , Minervini Giuseppe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this investigation is to assess the relationship between the utilisation of orthodontic intermaxillary elastics and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms in clear aligner patients and to examine the correlation between the elastic usage time with the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD)—Axis II Evaluation Forms.MethodsThis study was carried out on a total of 40 clear aligner patients using intermaxillary elastics in the experimental group and 30 clear aligner patients who did not use any intermaxillary elastics in the control group. The data were evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U, chi‐square, Fisher's exact chi‐square, and Fisher Freeman Halton exact chi‐square tests.ResultsThe characteristic pain intensity, mastication, mobility, communication, global and PHQ‐9 scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < .05). The characteristic pain intensity score, interference score and chronic pain grade score of patients using Class III elastics were statistically significantly higher than those of patients using Class II elastics (p < .05). Patients who used elastics for less than 6 months had statistically significantly higher PHQ‐9 scores than those who used elastics for more than 6 months (p < .05).ConclusionsOrthodontic treatment may affect occlusion, bite force and jaw movement, which may cause or worsen TMD symptoms, and the DC/TMD questionnaires can determine if orthodontic patients acquire TMD by assessing their psychosocial state and pain‐related problems.
High glucose impairs human periodontal ligament cells migration through lowered microRNAs 221 and 222
Authors: Monteiro Mariana Marin , Gomes Cibele Crastequini , Cruz Mario Costa , Horliana Anna Carolina R. Tempestini , Hamassaki Dânia Emi , Lima Cilene Rebouças , Santos Marinilce F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of miR‐221 and miR‐222 and high glucose on human periodontal ligament (PL) cells morphology, cytoskeleton, adhesion, and migration.BackgroundChronic hyperglycemia is common in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) and plays a central role in long‐term DM complications, such as impaired periodontal healing. We have previously shown that high glucose increases apoptosis of human PL cells by inhibiting miR‐221 and miR‐222 and consequently augmenting their target caspase‐3. However, other effects of miR‐221/222 downregulation on PL cells are still unknown.MethodsCells from young humans' premolar teeth were cultured for 7 days under 5 or 30 mM glucose. Directional and spontaneous migration on fibronectin were studied using transwell and time‐lapse assays, respectively. F‐actin staining was employed to study cell morphology and the actin cytoskeleton. MiR‐221 and miR‐222 were inhibited using antagomiRs, and their expressions were evaluated by real‐time RT‐PCR.ResultsHigh glucose inhibited PL cells early adhesion, spreading, and migration on fibronectin. Cells exposed to high glucose showed reduced polarization, velocity, and directionality. They formed several simultaneous unstable and short‐lived protrusions, suggesting impairment of adhesion maturation. MiR‐221 and miR‐222 inhibition also reduced migration, decreasing cell directionality but not significantly cell velocity. After miR‐221 and miR‐222 downregulation cells showed morphological resemblance with cells exposed to high glucose.ConclusionHigh glucose impairs human PL cells migration potentially through a mechanism involving reduction of microRNA‐221 and microRNA‐222 expression. These effects may contribute to the impairment of periodontal healing, especially after surgery and during guided regeneration therapies.
The ClpX chaperone and a hypermorphic FtsA variant with impaired self‐interaction are mutually compensatory for coordinating Staphylococcus aureus cell division
Authors: Henriksen Camilla , Bæk Kristoffer T. , Wacnik Katarzyna , Gallay Clement , Veening Jan‐Willem , Foster Simon J. , Frees Dorte 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBacterial cell division requires the coordinated assembly and disassembly of a large protein complex called the divisome; however, the exact role of molecular chaperones in this critical process remains unclear. We here provide genetic evidence that ClpX unfoldase activity is a determinant for proper coordination of bacterial cell division by showing the growth defect of a Staphylococcus aureus clpX mutant is rescued by a spontaneously acquired G325V substitution in the ATP‐binding domain of the essential FtsA cell division protein. The polymerization state of FtsA is thought to control initiation of bacterial septum synthesis and, while restoring the aberrant FtsA dynamics in clpX cells, the FtsAG325V variant displayed reduced ability to interact with itself and other cell division proteins. In wild‐type cells, the ftsAG325V allele shared phenotypes with Escherichia coli superfission ftsA mutants and accelerated the cell cycle, increased the risk of daughter cell lysis, and conferred sensitivity to heat and antibiotics inhibiting cell wall synthesis. Strikingly, lethality was mitigated by spontaneous mutations that inactivate ClpX. Taken together, our results suggest that ClpX promotes septum synthesis by antagonizing FtsA interactions and illuminates the critical role of a protein unfoldase in coordinating bacterial cell division.
Super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy for investigating bacterial cell biology
Authors: Carsten Alexander , Wolters Manuel , Aepfelbacher Martin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSuper‐resolution fluorescence microscopy technologies developed over the past two decades have pushed the resolution limit for fluorescently labeled molecules into the nanometer range. These technologies have the potential to study bacterial structures, for example, macromolecular assemblies such as secretion systems, with single‐molecule resolution on a millisecond time scale. Here we review recent applications of super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy with a focus on bacterial secretion systems. We also describe MINFLUX fluorescence nanoscopy, a relatively new technique that promises to one day produce molecular movies of molecular machines in action.
Effects of RNA silencing during antagonism between citrus exocortis viroid and citrus bark cracking viroid in Etrog citron (Citrus medica)
Authors: Qiu Yuanjian , Wang Yafei , Wu Yujiao , Yang Han , Yang Mengxue , Zhou Changyong , Cao Mengji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCitrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) and citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd) are two important viroids that infect citrus plants and frequently occur as mixed infections in orchards. However, the mechanism of antagonism between the two viroids in mixed infections remains unclear. The CEVd/CBCVd–citron system and small RNA sequencing (sRNA‐seq) were used to study the antagonism. When CBCVd was inoculated before CEVd, the CEVd titre was significantly reduced and the symptoms were attenuated. Viroid‐derived sRNAs (vd‐sRNAs) from CEVd and CBCVd were predominantly 21‐nucleotide (nt) and 22‐nt in length and had similar 5′ base biases. Homologous sequences of the two viroids in the terminal right (TR) region are rich in vd‐sRNAs, and the high frequency vd‐sRNAs selected from the CBCVd TR region can be used to degrade the transcripts of CEVd in vivo directly. These results suggest that RNA silencing may play an important role in the antagonism of the two viroids, thus deepening our understanding of the molecular interaction of long noncoding RNAs in woody plants.
An electrogram‐guided transvenous temporary pacemaker implant simulator
Authors: Klemz Fábio Kadratz , Amaral Sérgio Augusto Gonçalves , Santos Marcos Victor Almeida dos , Pinheiro Helder Henrique Costa , Júnior Antônio Pereira , Furtado Júlio Cézar Costa , Caldas Ivete Furtado Ribeiro , Chaves Rafael Oliveira 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionTransvenous temporary pacemaker (TvTP) implantation is a critical procedure often performed under time limitations, playing a crucial role in patient survival. However, the amount of training provided for resident cardiologists is variable, due to the availability of patients. Thus, the use of simulators for this cardiologic procedure could be used as training tools.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to develop a simulator system for TvTP implantation based on electrograms, called ETTIS (Electrogram‐guided Transvenous Temporary‐pacemaker Implantation Simulator), and to evaluate its educational potential and cardiology residents' perceived learning efficacy as a training tool.MethodologyThe development of the ETTIS involved three stages: (1) Adaptation of an anatomical mannequin; (2) Design and manufacture of electronic circuits and software capable of identifying the catheter contact site within the heart chambers and reproducing electrograms in both surfaces (mode‐on) and intracavitary (mode‐off); (3) To evaluate its educational potential, a modified Likert questionnaire was administered to nine cardiology experts. Additionally, to evaluate the perceived learning efficacy, another modified Likert questionnaire was given to six cardiology residents both before and after training with the ETTIS. Descriptive statistics with measures of position and dispersion were employed, and the weighted Kappa test was used for agreement analysis.ResultsA high rate of acceptance (over 90%) was found among experts who evaluated the ETTIS. The cardiology residents showed significant self‐perceived learning gains, as evidenced by a lack of agreement between their responses to a questionnaire before and after training.ConclusionThe ETTIS is a promising tool for medical training, displaying both educational potential and efficacy. It has been shown to be effective in learning a variety of skills, including cardiac catheterization and electrophysiology. Additionally, the ETTIS is highly engaging and allows cardiology residents to practice in a safe and controlled environment.
Fecal calprotectin: A novel predictor of ulcerated esophageal injury after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation
Authors: Wang Yun‐He , Tang Xiao‐Mei , Jiang Ru‐Hong , Sun Ya‐Xun , Liu Qiang , Zhang Pei , Yu Lu , Lin Jian‐Wei , Cheng Hui , Chen Shi‐Quan , Zhang Zu‐Wen , Sheng Xia , Lin Ne , Chen Xiao‐Li , Fu Guo‐Sheng , Jiang Chen‐Yang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial esophageal fistula (AEF) is a lethal complication that can occur post atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Esophageal injury (EI) is likely to be the initial lesion leading to AEF. Endoscopic examination is the gold standard for a diagnosis of EI but extensive endoscopic screening is invasive and costly. This study was conducted to determine whether fecal calprotectin (Fcal), a marker of inflammation throughout the intestinal tract, may be associated with the existence of esophageal injury.MethodsThis diagnostic study was conducted in a cohort of 166 patients with symptomatic AF undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation from May 2020 to June 2021. Fcal tests were performed 1–7 days after ablation. All patients underwent endoscopic ultrasonography 1 or 2 days after ablation.ResultsThe levels of Fcal were significantly different between the EI and non‐EI groups (404.9 µg/g (IQR 129.6–723.6) vs. 40.4 µg/g (IQR 15.0–246.2), p < .001). Analysis of ROC curves revealed that a Fcal level of 125 µg/g might be the optimal cut‐off value for a diagnosis of EI, giving a 78.8% sensitivity and a 65.4% specificity. The negative predictive value of Fcal was 100% for ulcerated EI.ConclusionsThe level of Fcal is associated with EI post AF catheter ablation. 125 µg/g might be the optimal cut‐off value for a diagnosis of EI. Negative Fcal could predict the absence of ulcerated EI, which could be considered a precursor to AEF.
Retrograde thoracic spinal cord stimulation paddle placement for complex persistent spinal pain syndrome type 2
Authors: de Monaco Bernardo Assumpcao , Piedade Guilherme Santos , Doomi Ahmed , Jagid Jonathan R. , Almeida Timoteo , Cordeiro Joacir Graciolli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a cost‐effective option for treating refractory persistent spinal pain syndrome type‐2 (PSPS‐2). For patients with extensive spine instrumentation including the thoraco‐lumbar junction, percutaneous placement of SCS leads is usually not an option being paddle leads typically implanted anterograde. Paddle lead placement will be particularly challenging in more complex cases when the instrumentation covers the targeted level. To overcome this barrier, we studied using a retrograde approach to reach the sweet spot, facilitate the placement, and reduce associated risks.ObjectivesTo study the use of retrograde SCS paddle as a placement method to optimize the spinal cord target and reduce the risks of conventional placement in complex cases.Study DesignCase series and technical note.MethodsWe present three cases of thoracic retrograde SCS paddle lead placement cases, detailing patient selection, operative technique, and outcome. All the cases had extensive instrumentation to the thoraco‐lumbar spine, and one had additional spinal canal stenosis. The surgical procedure entailed a retrograde midthoracic inter‐laminar approach, flavectomy, and caudal placement of the paddle lead with intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IONM) guidance for functional midline determination.ResultsAll the cases had a successful lead placement over the sweet spot without complications. The same approach was used to decompress a focal spinal stenosis in one case. One case had significantly improved pain and hence underwent a pulse generator implant. The other cases had non‐satisfactory pain control and were explanted.LimitationsThese case description could guide technical procedural steps, however, a larger number of such cases would be needed to describe further technical nuances.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that placing SCS paddle leads via retrograde midthoracic approach with IONM guidance is safe. This procedure should be an option for SCS paddle implants in patients with posterior spinal fusion encompassing the intended targeted spinal stimulation level.
Soil legacies of tree species richness in a young plantation do not modulate tree seedling response to watering regime
Authors: Dhiedt E. , Baeten L. , De Smedt P. , Verheyen K. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Trees have a strong and species‐specific influence on biotic and abiotic properties of the soil. Even after the vegetation is removed, the effect can persist to form so‐called soil legacies. We investigated the effects of soil legacies of tree species richness on the emergence and growth of tree seedlings, and how these legacy effects modulate the seedling responses to irrigation frequency.

We used a 9‐year‐old tree plantation on former agricultural land in Belgium, which is part of a biodiversity‐ecosystem functioning experiment (FORBIO). Soil originating from monocultures and four‐species plots, with different species combinations, was translocated to a greenhouse. Five tree species (Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, and Tilia cordata) were sown and grown for one growing season in these soils. We performed a watering treatment (low and high irrigation frequency) to measure any potential interaction effects between the soil legacies and irrigation frequency.

There was no evidence for soil legacy effects of species richness on plant performance or their response to the irrigation frequency. However, the effect of irrigation frequency was dependent on species identity of the tree seedlings. Despite the lack of clear legacy effects, performance measures did show correlated responses that are likely due to species composition effects.

We ascribe these patterns to the young age of the forest and the agricultural past land use. At this early stage in forest development, the land‐use history likely has a more important role in shaping soil characteristics that affect plant growth and their response to drought, than species diversity.
Concurrent attention to hetero‐depth surfaces in 3‐D visual space is governed by theta rhythm
Authors: Deng Hongyu , Gao Yuan , Mo Lei , Mo Ce 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen simultaneously confronted with multiple attentional targets, visual system employs a time‐multiplexing approach in which each target alternates for prioritized access, a mechanism broadly known as rhythmic attentional sampling. For the past decade, rhythmic attentional sampling has received mounting support from converging behavioral and neural findings. However, so compelling are these findings that a critical test ground has been long overshadowed, namely the 3‐D visual space where attention is complicated by extraction of the spatial layout of surfaces extending beyond 2‐D planes. It remains unknown how attentional deployment to multiple targets is accomplished in the 3‐D space. Here, we provided a time‐resolved portrait of the behavioral and neural dynamics when participants concurrently attended to two surfaces defined by motion–depth conjunctions. To characterize the moment‐to‐moment attentional modulation effects, we measured perceptual sensitivity to the hetero‐depth surface motions on a fine temporal scale and reconstructed their neural representations using a time‐resolved multivariate inverted encoding model. We found that the perceptual sensitivity to the two surface motions rhythmically fluctuated over time at ~4 Hz, with one's enhancement closely tracked by the other's diminishment. Moreover, the behavioral pattern was coupled with an ongoing periodic alternation in strength between the two surface motion representations in the same frequency. Together, our findings provide the first converging evidence of an attentional “pendulum” that rhythmically traverses different stereoscopic depth planes and are indicative of a ubiquitous attentional time multiplexor based on theta rhythm in the 3‐D visual space.
Role of bottom water chemistry in the formation of fibrous magnesium calcite at methane seeps in the Black Sea
Authors: Lu Yang , Mihailova Boriana , Malcherek Thomas , Paulmann Carsten , Smrzka Daniel , Zwicker Jennifer , Lin Zhiyong , Bohrmann Gerhard , Peckmann Jörn 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTClimate change poses a significant challenge for life on Earth. Different climate modes have been shown to come along with changes of the magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) ratio of seawater, and such changes are believed to control the primary mineral phase of marine authigenic carbonates. However, factors controlling marine carbonate phases other than seawater Mg/Ca ratios exist. Fibrous cements forming at methane seeps in the Black Sea provide new insight into the factors governing elemental and mineral phase compositions of fibrous carbonates. In this study, the distribution of aragonite and fibrous Mg calcite cements from three seep sites in the Black Sea is described as a function of water depth. The Mg/Ca ratio of seawater, as well as the ratio in shallow pore water, is close to four at the examined sites. Fibrous Mg calcite post‐dated aragonite cement in seep carbonates from shallow water depth of 120 to 190 m, whereas Mg calcite is the only cement at a greater depth of ca 2000 m. The primary formation of fibrous Mg calcite is confirmed by its zonation under cathodoluminescence, crystal morphologies agreeing with competitive growth, uniformly distributed MgCO3 contents and precipitation in equilibrium with local conditions calculated from δ18O values. The MgCO3 contents (4.5 to 12.2 mol%) are negatively correlated with δ13C values, indicating that the incorporation of Mg into the calcite crystal structure was favoured by high concentrations of sulphide generated by sulphate‐driven anaerobic oxidation of methane. Unlike open oceanic basins, stratification in the Black Sea leads to euxinic conditions in the deeper water column, favouring fibrous Mg calcite formation. This observation is consistent with sulphide catalysis as a critical agent for the formation of low‐Mg calcite to very high‐Mg calcite at high Mg/Ca ratios and is possibly relevant to carbonate cements forming during times of oceanic euxinia.
Do birds play a role in the transmission of Toscana virus? Initial isolation results from birds in northernmost Türkiye
Authors: Hacioglu Sabri , Ozkul Aykut 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsRecent research has prioritized emerging and re‐emerging diseases that affect human and animal health, particularly to describe how these diseases enter countries and determine their transmission cycles. Given that migratory birds play a significant role in spreading infections, the present study analysed their migration paths and specimens to investigate Orthoflavivirus, Orthonairovirus, Alphavirus and Phlebovirus in birds in Samsun province, Türkiye.Methods and ResultsFor these viruses, 312 samples from 56 birds were analysed using RT‐PCR and qRT‐PCR. Toscana virus (TOSV) was identified in 14 birds (four mallards, five partridges, four quails and one pigeon), representing 25% of the birds sampled. Genotype B was reported in all 14 birds. After inoculating the positive tissues in cell cultures, TOSV was isolated from the organs of pigeons, mallards and partridges.ConclusionsThis is the first time TOSV has been isolated in cell culture from birds and indicates that they may play a role in spreading TOSV in Türkiye. The results also suggest that TOSV might be carried between countries by migratory birds.