bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the ending position of controllable speed casing on a transonic compressor rotor tip leakage flow
Authors: Zhao Jiayi , Wu Wanyang , Zhong Jingjun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The controllable speed casing is a novel casing treatment approach that makes partial casing rotate at adjustable and proper speed to achieve stability expansion. Structural parameters of casing treatment are found to influence the effect of stability expansion by many studies. In this paper, the effect of the ending position of the rotatable ring in controllable speed casing on the tip leakage flow and the stability expansion was studied numerically. The results show that when the rotatable ring rotates at 30 % and 50 % rotor design speed, the controllable speed casing achieves the stability expansion of the compressor rotor no matter where the ending position is. The upstream movement of the ending position decreases the axial pressure gradient in the middle and rear of the tip passage. It pushes the shock wave downstream, which reduces blockage region at tip leading edge. The upstream movement of the ending position contributes to an approximately linear increase in the stable operating margin.
Radio-lytic degradation of reactive dyes in aqueous solution: comparative analysis using gamma/H2O2 and UV/H2O2 processes
Authors: Hussain Mazhar , Muneer Majid , Sarfraz Sadaf , Hussain Shabbir , Alzahrani Fatimah M. , Tariq Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad , Iqbal Munawar , Nazir Arif , Hussain Amjad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, gamma/H2O2 and UV/H2O2 treatment procedures were used for the degradation of five dyes including reactive red PB (R-24), reactive orange P3LN (O-13), reactive turquoise blue PG (B-21), reactive golden yellow H2R (O-12) and reactive lemon yellow C4G L (Y-15). The dye samples of 50 or 100 ppm concentration were treated with either gamma (0–10 kGy) or UV radiations in the presence/absence of H2O2. This treatment resulted in the elimination of chromophoric groups and degradation of dye molecule into low molecular weight fragments. The H2O2 treatment caused the generation of hydroxyl radicals which degraded the pollutants non-selectively by means of chain oxidation process. The treatment effectiveness was increased when H2O2, which was used in conjunction with UV or gamma radiation and the treated water quality, improved significantly. However, the gamma/H2O2 treatment was found to be the more effective and efficient method as compared to the UV/H2O2 treatment for the removal of dyes from the water.
Mental Health of Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Gender Dysphoria
Authors: Kahn Nicole F. , Sequeira Gina M. , Reyes Valentino , Garrison Michelle M. , Orlich Felice , Christakis Dimitri A. , Aye Tandy , Conard Lee Ann E. , Dowshen Nadia , Kazak Anne E. , Nahata Leena , Nokoff Natalie J. , Voss Raina V. , Richardson Laura P. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Youth with either autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or gender dysphoria (GD) alone have also been shown to be at greater risk for mental health (MH) concerns; however, very little research has considered how cooccurring ASD and GD may exacerbate MH concerns. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between ASD, GD, and MH diagnoses (anxiety, depression, eating disorder, suicidality, and self-harm) among US adolescent populations.

METHODS
This is a secondary analysis of a large administrative dataset formed by 8 pediatric health system members of the PEDSnet learning health system network. Analyses included descriptive statistics and adjusted mixed logistic regression models testing for associations between combinations of ASD and GD diagnoses and MH diagnoses as recorded in the patient’s electronic medical record.

RESULTS
Based on data from 919 898 patients aged 9 to 18 years, adjusted mixed logistic regression indicated significantly greater odds of each MH diagnosis among those with ASD alone, GD alone, and cooccurring ASD/GD diagnoses compared with those with neither diagnosis. Youth with cooccurring ASD/GD were at significantly greater risk of also having anxiety (average predicted probability, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.68–0.81) or depression diagnoses (average predicted probability, 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.24–0.43) compared with youth with ASD alone, GD alone, or neither diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS
Youth with cooccurring ASD/GD are more likely to also be diagnosed with MH concerns, particularly anxiety and depression. This study highlights the need to implement developmentally appropriate, gender-affirming MH services and interventions for youth with cooccurring ASD/GD.
Management of General Anesthesia in Difficult Airway: A Case Report
Authors: Gemawan Taufiq , Handoko Adelia , Amien Muhammad Irsyad , Misturiansyah Nurrul Izza , Pratama Muhamad Rizal Hadi 
Published: November 2023

When dealing with clinical disorders known as difficult airways, airway management during general anesthesia still presents challenges. A cross-sectional study done in Indonesia in 2016 found that 28 out of 250 patients receiving general anesthesia had respiratory problems. The existing algorithm must be properly and effectively managed in order to resolve this issue. This case report discusses a 14-month-old pediatric patient with right preauricular lymphoma who will undergo tumor biopsy surgery using general anesthesia. The size of the tumor mass that has grown and covered the patient's airway makes it difficult to manage the airway during general anesthesia, making intubation impossible. To overcome this, bagging was carried out by improvising the technique of reversing the position of the mask cover on the patient during the operation. The patient can be saved and allowed to go home after treatment. Appropriate management during perioperative especially related to airway management will produce good results for patient health and safety. With this case report, hopefully it can add knowledge and an alternative ventilation technique if you encounter a similar case.

Keywords: difficult airway, general anesthesia, lymphoma preauricular
Despoblación del nodo interprovincial del Sureste de la Península Ibérica: ¿hacia el abismo demográfico?
Authors: Giménez García Rubén , Cebrián Abellán Francisco , García Marín Ramón 
Published: November 2023

Desde mediados del siglo XX, buena parte de las áreas rurales españolas han experimentado un éxodo demográfico sin precedentes. Aunque se trata de un fenómeno que se manifiesta mayoritariamente en la mitad norte del país, existen territorios ubicados en la vertiente meridional en los que la intensidad de la despoblación los dota de especial particularidad. Entre ellos, resaltan las comarcas que componen el nodo interprovincial del Sureste de la Península Ibérica. El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo trata de examinar tanto la notable despoblación sufrida por estos territorios, como las causas que han impulsado este proceso. La metodología empleada para cubrir esta cuestión se basa en el análisis de la dinámica demográfica experimentada desde el año 1900 y la evaluación de los datos obtenidos de indicadores como el crecimiento vegetativo y migratorio o la renta económica, entre otros. Junto a este objetivo principal, se pretende conocer los efectos que la Covid-19 ha podido tener en la dinámica demográfica y las perspectivas de futuro que presentan. A este respecto, se estudian diferentes variables relativas al envejecimiento, natalidad y mortalidad, o el peso de población extranjera. Los datos aportados por estos indicadores proceden de fuentes oficiales como el INE o el Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y Reto Demográfico. Los resultados obtenidos muestran tanto la gravedad adquirida por la despoblación desde 1950, como las malas previsiones de futuro.
Impaired long-range excitatory time scale predicts abnormal neural oscillations and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Verma Parul , Ranasinghe Kamalini , Prasad Janani , Cai Chang , Xie Xihe , Lerner Hannah , Mizuiri Danielle , Miller Bruce , Rankin Katherine , Vossel Keith , Cheung Steven , Nagarajan Srikantan , Raj Ashish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, progressively impairing memory and cognition. While neuroimaging studies have revealed functional abnormalities in AD, how these relate to aberrant neuronal circuit mechanisms remains unclear. Using magnetoencephalography imaging we documented abnormal local neural synchrony patterns in patients with AD. To identify abnormal biophysical mechanisms underlying these abnormal electrophysiological patterns, we estimated the parameters of a spectral graph-theory model (SGM). SGM is an analytic model that describes how long-range fiber projections in the brain mediate the excitatory and inhibitory activity of local neuronal subpopulations. The long-range excitatory time scale was associated with greater deficits in global cognition and was able to distinguish AD patients from controls with high accuracy. These results demonstrate that long-range excitatory time scale of neuronal activity, despite being a global measure, is a key determinant in the spatiospectral signatures and cognition in AD.
Descriptive Epidemiology of the first outbreak of Lumpy Skin Disease in cattle in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Widi , Mardani Hani Muhammad , Reichel Michael Philipp , Fitria Yul , Miswati Yuli , Febrianto Niko , Nuryanto Muhammad Edy , Apriana Intan , Azzahrawani Nur , Martalina Eno , Kusumarini Shelly , Hermanto . , Ramadan Aji Riau Sahrul , Nurdiana Deci Nanda , Praminto Agus 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study describes the first outbreak of Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) in cattle in the Bengkalis region, Indonesia and vaccination to control the epidemic. Data on the outbreak and vaccination was obtained from the local veterinary authority of the Bengkalis region, Indonesia. Climatological data was provided by the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency of Riau Province.
Over the 5.5 months period, the outbreak caused 10.4% (94/906) morbidity and 0.6% (6/906) mortality of cattle on infected farms. Temporally, three epidemic waves occurred during the outbreak period. Villages with cattle populations of >150 animals (n=36) were 5.3 times more likely to be infected with LSD compared to villages with smaller cattle populations (n=107) (CI: 2.56 – 10.90, P<0.01). The vaccination campaign covered 43.8% of cattle in villages within a 10 km radius of cases. However, vaccination in villages with larger cattle populations (n=29) was 0.63 less likely to cover 50% of the cattle populations compared to villages with smaller cattle populations (n=41) (CI: 0.39 – 1.02, P=0.05). By the time the first two and the major waves ceased, vaccination had covered only 0.0% (n=6036), 27.8% (n=6,036) and 8.4% (n=6,556) of the cattle in the 10 km radius of the respective waves. The outbreak was statistically associated with rainfall and its interaction with temperature (F(2, 13)=5.822, R2=0.47, P=0.016). This study indicates that the LSD outbreak had low morbidity and mortality. Despite the low vaccination rate, the outbreak ceased, possibly due to plummeting of the abundance of insect vectors.
Exploring a Nexus among Voluntary Environmental Sustainability Disclosure, ISO Certifications and Award, Sustainable Development Goals and Firm Performance
Authors: Noreen Shumaila , ALI Fouzia Hadi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Corporate environmental disclosure has always been a major topic in discussions about environmental concerns, such as depletion of natural resources, material consumption, water resources, GHG emission, waste management and environmental laws. The incorporation of environmental disclosure in the business sector is in its early stages, particularly in the spectrum of listed manufacturing companies. The literature exploring corporate environmental disclosure in the context of Pakistan is scant, the present study fills this gap on conducting research on two stages. In first stage, the study aims to explore the quantity and quality of corporate environmental disclosure in accordance with Global Reporting Initiative guidelines and in second stage, explore the linkage among environmental award, industry sensitivity, ISO 14001, sustainable development goal 13 and firm performance with environmental disclosure in Pakistan. The hypotheses of the study examined through System GMM model to quantify the interrelationships. Results indicate that award, sensitivity, ISO 14001 and SDG 13 shows a substantial relationship with corporate environmental disclosure. However, it exhibits no link with firm performance metrics. This study expands the existing literature by focusing on GRI dimensions and examine the relationship in the light of stakeholder and legitimacy theory. On these bases, recommendations have been made for regulatory bodies to take measures mandating environmental sustainability disclosures in Pakistan. These actions will empower businesses to align economic growth with environmental responsibility and fostering a more sustainable future for the nation.
Molecular analysis of scats revealed diet and prey choice of grey wolves and Eurasian lynx in the contact zone between the Dinaric Mountains and the Alps
Authors: Buzan Elena , Potočnik Hubert , Pokorny Boštjan , Potušek Sandra , Iacolina Laura , Gerič Urška , Urzi Felicita , Kos Ivan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
A comprehensive understanding of the dietary habits of carnivores is essential to obtain ecological insights into their role in the ecosystem, potential competition with other carnivorous species, and their effect on prey populations. Genetic analysis of noninvasive samples, such as scats, can supplement behavioural or microscopic diet investigations. The objective of this study was to employ DNA metabarcoding to accurately determine the prey species in grey wolf (Canis lupus) and Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) scat samples collected in the Julian Alps and the Dinaric Mountains, Slovenia.
Results
The primary prey of wolves were red deer (Cervus elaphus) (detected in 96% of scat samples), European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) (68%), and wild boar (Sus scrofa) (45%). A smaller portion of their diet consisted of mesocarnivores, small mammals, and domestic animals. In contrast, the lynx diet mostly consisted of European roe deer (82%) and red deer (64%). However, small mammals and domestic animals were also present in the lynx diet, albeit to a lesser extent.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that the dietary habits of wolves and lynx are influenced by geographical location and prey availability. Snapshot dietary analyses using metabarcoding are valuable for comprehending the behaviour and ecology of predators and for devising conservation measures aimed at sustainable management of both their natural habitats and prey populations. However, to gain a more detailed understanding of wolf and lynx dietary habits and ecological impact, it would be essential to conduct long-term genetic monitoring of their diet.
Ceftriaxone modulates ubiquitination of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4- isoxazole propionic acid receptors to improve long-term potentiation impairment induced by exogenous β-amyloid in a glutamate transporter-1 dependent manner
Authors: Jiang Rui , Li Li , Wang Bu , Liu Lizhe , Liu Lirong , Xian Xiaohui , Li Wen-Bin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPARs) are crucial for properties of synaptic plasticity, such as long-term potentiation (LTP). LTP impairment can occur early in the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The downregulation or decreased abundance of AMPAR expression in the postsynaptic membrane is closely associated with LTP impairment. Ceftriaxone (Cef) can improve LTP impairment in the early stages of AD in a mouse model. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism underlying this process from the aspects of AMPAR expression and ubiquitination degree. In this study, we found that β-amyloid (Aβ) treatment induced hippocampal LTP impairment and AMPAR downregulation and ubiquitination. Cef pretreatment ameliorated Aβ-induced hippocampal LTP impairment, reduced AMPAR ubiquitination, and increased AMPAR expression, especially in the plasma membrane, in Aβ-treated mice. Administration of USP46 siRNA and DHK (a specific blocker of glutamate transporter-1) significantly inhibited the above effects of Cef, suggesting a role for anti-AMPAR ubiquitination and upregulation of glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) in the Cef-induced improvements mentioned above. The above findings demonstrate that pretreatment with Cef effectively mitigated Aβ-induced impairment of hippocampal LTP by suppressing the ubiquitination process of AMPARs in a GLT-1-dependent manner. These results provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms elucidating the anti-AD by Cef.
Restorative preferences and choices for endodontically treated teeth: a representative survey in China
Authors: Li Wenhui , Zheng Ziting , Zeng Yuting , Zhou Zhiyan , Xiao Ping , Zhong Xincen , Yan Wenjuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The optimal protocol for restoring endodontically treated teeth (ETT) remains unclear due to various considerations such as coronal restoration type, and the amount of remaining coronal structure. This study aims to compare Chinese dental practitioners with different training backgrounds in their approach to ETT restoration and their preferences and opinions on using endocrowns.
Methods
Attitudes and preferences of Chinese dental practitioners towards the restoration of ETT were explored in this survey study. Data were collected using an online questionnaire and analyzed by the Chi-square test and multiple response frequencies analysis. P-values less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant.
Results
A total of 400 responses were collected, including 230 females (57.50%) and 170 males (42.50%). The main consideration for restoration strategy was residual tooth structure, according to 26.11%. For ETT with four residual walls, 40.75% chose a full crown, while for ETT with one residual wall, 61.75% opted for a post-and-core system and only 14.50% chose an endocrown. 56.25% of participants had used endocrown in clinical practice. Endocrown was preferred in cases of insufficient occlusal space (41.88%). 63.75% considered endocrown a potential alternative treatment for ETT. A strong correlation between continuous education, clinical experience, and the recognition and usage of endocrowns (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The amount of remaining tooth structure is crucial in determining the optimal restorative approach. Endocrown emerges as promising, particularly for patients with insufficient occlusal space. However, a comparatively low adoption rate of endocrowns among younger, less educated, and less experienced participants emphasizes the need for incorporating endocrown into dental curricula or continuing education programs.
The Association of Maternal Depression with Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Gut Microbiota and the Japanese Diet’s Influence
Authors: Matsunaga Michiko , Takeuchi Mariko , Watanabe Satochi , Takeda Aya , Hagihara Keisuke , Myowa Masako 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The prevalence of postpartum mental illness is steadily increasing, exacerbated particularly by the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent studies indicate that maternal depression is no longer confined to the perinatal period, necessitating long-term assessment, and support for maternal mental health. Identifying risk factors for mothers’ depression is thus critical and requires development of integrated mental and physical health care that encompasses not only psychological aspects but also gut microbiota, physical condition, and eating habits. Western countries have examined the association between gut microbiota and depression in clinical samples. However, studies focusing on postpartum mothers are still limited, and moreover, no large-scale studies have yet been conducted with nonclinical participants. To address this gap, we investigated gut microbiota, physical condition, and dietary habits associated with risk of depression in nonclinical Japanese mothers. We found that microbiota diversity (Shannon α) and relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria (e.g., Lachnospira, Faecalibacterium, Lachnoclostridium) with 16S rRNA gene-sequencing analysis were associated with high risk of depression. Furthermore, even among nonclinical mothers, high-risk mothers showed poorer sleep quality, worse physical condition, and lower consumption of staple foods, milk, cheese, yogurt, and lactobacillus beverages compared to low-risk (healthy) mothers. Evaluation of dietary habits using the Japanese Dietary Index (JDI) suggested that consumption of a Japanese-style diet is beneficial to physical and mental health, including intestinal microbiota (e.g., Agathobacter, Subdoligranulum).
Analysis of River Flow Diversions in Coal Mining Area in Lahat, South Sumatra
Authors: Chrisman Yudha , Cahyadi Tedy Agung , Haq Shofa Rijalul , Ernawati Rika , Nurkhamim Nurkhamim , Wicaksono Eko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Analysis of river flow diversion in coal mining areas is very necessary when there are coal reserves under the river flow. In the transfer of river flow, it is necessary to pay attention to several things such as, the design of river discharge, the dimensions of the new river channel, and so on. This is done not to damage the environment and not cause flooding in the future in the new river channel. The use of HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS applications can help in channel calculations and modelling. It is necessary to conduct several channel modeling simulations in order to produce the most optimal and effective channel modeling. The purpose of this research is to analyze the actual calculation approach of the river flow to be moved in determining the river design, analyze the appropriate dimensions to accommodate the highest discharge that occurs in the river flow so that there is no overflow in the future, and analyze the optimal river transfer path. The method used is field observation and hydrological data processing which is then used as a parameter in the HEC-HMS application and run using HEC-HMS for channel simulation.
Seeing Cells without a Lens: Compact 3D Digital Lensless Holographic Microscopy for Wide-field Imaging
Authors: Yang Thomas , Wu Yumin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Optical microscopy is an essential tool for biomedical discoveries and cell diagnosis at micro- to nano-scales. However, conventional microscopes rely on lenses to record 2-D images of samples, which limits in-depth inspection of large volumes of cells. This research project implements a novel 3-D lensless microscopic imaging system that achieves a wide field of view, high resolution, and an extremely compact, cost-effective design: the Digital Lensless Holographic Microscope (DLHM).A lensless holographic microscope is built with only a light source, a sample, and an imaging chip (with other non-essential supporting structures). The entire setup costs $500 to $600. A series of MATLAB-based algorithms were designed to reconstruct phase information of samples simultaneously from the recorded hologram with built-in high-resolution and phase unwrapping functions. This produces 3-D images of cell samples.The 3-D cell reconstruction of biological samples maintained a comparable resolution with conventional optical microscopes while covering a field of view of 36.2mm2, which is 20-30 times larger. While most microscopes are extremely time-consuming and require professional expertise, the lensless holographic microscope is portable, low-cost, high-stability, and extremely simple. This makes it accessible for point-of-care testing (POCT) to a broader coverage, including developing regions with limited medical facilities.