bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negative magnetization in the medium-entropy Pr1/3Dy1/3Ho1/3CrO3 and PrCrO3 ceramics: comparative crystal structure, optic, dielectric and magnetic properties
Authors: Durán A. , Reguera E. , Mendivil L. F. , González M. , Verdin E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn recent years, raising investigation activity in entropy-stabilized ceramic oxides has been driven by their innovative approach to designing a thermodynamically stable multi-element system, which provides a new focus on investigating complex functional materials. Especially, complex and singular physical properties of orthochromite have generated rising research in recent years. Of this family, the PrCrO3, DyCrO3, and HoCrO3systems are particularly interesting since, below Néel temperature (TN), they present negative magnetization in the ZFC mode. Here, we have employed this approach and designed a medium-entropy (MECs) Pr1/3Dy1/3Ho1/3CrO3(PDH) ceramic to study not only whether the magnetic characteristics prevail, but also the state of optical and dielectric properties of this new compound. In addition, the physical properties studied were compared with the single PrCrO3(PC) compound. These compounds were synthesized through a facile combustion synthesis route. The X-ray diffraction analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and surface scanning elemental mapping reveal that a single phase is stabilized and equimolar cations are homogeneously distributed in the PDH-MECs. We found that the disorder of cations in the A-site of the structure has no significant effect on the optical transition in the visible electromagnetic region and dielectric properties with respect to the simple compound PC. In contrast, the magnetic properties are strongly affected in the MECs-PDH compound. We found that the TNis tuned through the O–Cr–O angles and below the antiferromagnetic transition. The results suggest that the negative magnetization in the ZFC mode is an intrinsic feature in these compounds since the negative ZFC susceptibility below TNpredominates despite the cationic disorder. Furthermore, their negative magnetic mechanism in both the MECs-PDH and PC compounds are discussed in terms of the Γ2(FxCyGz) magnetic configuration.Graphical abstract
Trimming stability selection increases variable selection robustness
Authors: Werner Tino 
Published: October 2023

AbstractContamination can severely distort an estimator unless the estimation procedure is suitably robust. This is a well-known issue and has been addressed in Robust Statistics, however, the relation of contamination and distorted variable selection has been rarely considered in the literature. As for variable selection, many methods for sparse model selection have been proposed, including the Stability Selection which is a meta-algorithm based on some variable selection algorithm in order to immunize against particular data configurations. We introduce the variable selection breakdown point that quantifies the number of cases resp. cells that have to be contaminated in order to let no relevant variable be detected. We show that particular outlier configurations can completely mislead model selection. We combine the variable selection breakdown point with resampling, resulting in the Stability Selection breakdown point that quantifies the robustness of Stability Selection. We propose a trimmed Stability Selection which only aggregates the models with the best performance so that, heuristically, models computed on heavily contaminated resamples should be trimmed away. An extensive simulation study with non-robust regression and classification algorithms as well as with two robust regression algorithms reveals both the potential of our approach to boost the model selection robustness as well as the fragility of variable selection using non-robust algorithms, even for an extremely small cell-wise contamination rate.
Density of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors Is Altered in Cortical Nerve-Terminals of Insulin-Resistant Goto-Kakizaki Rats and Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Skoug Cecilia , Erdogan Hüseyin , Vanherle Lotte , Vieira João P. P. , Matthes Frank , Eliasson Lena , Meissner Anja , Duarte João M. N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a phosphosphingolipid with pleiotropic biological functions. S1P acts as an intracellular second messenger, as well as extracellular ligand to five G-protein coupled receptors (S1PR1-5). In the brain, S1P regulates neuronal proliferation, apoptosis, synaptic activity and neuroglia activation. Moreover, S1P metabolism alterations have been reported in neurodegenerative disorders. We have previously reported that S1PRs are present in nerve terminals, exhibiting distinct sub-synaptic localization and neuromodulation actions. Since type 2 diabetes (T2D) causes synaptic dysfunction, we hypothesized that S1P signaling is modified in nerve terminals. In this study, we determined the density of S1PRs in cortical synaptosomes from insulin-resistant Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats and Wistar controls, and from mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and low-fat-fed controls. Relative to their controls, GK rats showed similar cortical S1P concentration despite higher S1P levels in plasma, yet lower density of S1PR1, S1PR2 and S1PR4 in nerve-terminal-enriched membranes. HFD-fed mice exhibited increased plasma and cortical concentrations of S1P, and decreased density of S1PR1 and S1PR4. These findings point towards altered S1P signaling in synapses of insulin resistance and diet-induced obesity models, suggesting a role of S1P signaling in T2D-associated synaptic dysfunction.
Behavioral Treatment for Speech and Language in Primary Progressive Aphasia and Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wauters Lisa D. , Croot Karen , Dial Heather R. , Duffy Joseph R. , Grasso Stephanie M. , Kim Esther , Schaffer Mendez Kristin , Ballard Kirrie J. , Clark Heather M. , Kohley Leeah , Murray Laura L. , Rogalski Emily J. , Figeys Mathieu , Milman Lisa , Henry Maya L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrimary progressive aphasia (PPA) and primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS) are neurodegenerative syndromes characterized by progressive decline in language or speech. There is a growing number of studies investigating speech-language interventions for PPA/PPAOS. An updated systematic evaluation of the treatment evidence is warranted to inform best clinical practice and guide future treatment research. We systematically reviewed the evidence for behavioral treatment for speech and language in this population. Reviewed articles were published in peer-reviewed journals through 31 May 2021. We evaluated level of evidence, reporting quality, and risk of bias using a modified version of the American Speech-Language Hearing Association (ASHA) Levels of Evidence, an appraisal point system, additional reporting quality and internal/external validity items, and, as appropriate, the Single Case Experimental DesignScale or the Physiotherapy Evidence Database – PsycBITERating Scale for Randomized and Non-Randomized Controlled Trials. Results were synthesized using quantitative summaries and narrative review. A total of 103 studies reported treatment outcomes for 626 individuals with PPA; no studies used the diagnostic label PPAOS. Most studies evaluated interventions for word retrieval. The highest-quality evidence was provided by 45 experimental and quasi-experimental studies (16 controlled group studies, 29 single-subject designs). All (k = 45/45) reported improvement on a primary outcome measure; most reported generalization (k = 34/43), maintenance (k = 34/39), or social validity (k = 17/19) of treatment for at least one participant. The available evidence supports speech-language intervention for persons with PPA; however, treatment for PPAOS awaits systematic investigation. Implications and limitations of the evidence and the review are discussed.
Chasing noise in the stock market: an inquiry into the dynamics of investor sentiment and asset pricing
Authors: Sakariyahu Rilwan , Paterson Audrey , Chatzivgeri Eleni , Lawal Rodiat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study explores the inclusion of sentiment measures as a risk factor in asset pricing. Using UK market data for the period January 1993 to December 2020, we create a new sentiment variable, and construct both raw and clean sentiment indices from a principal component analysis of a variety of literature-acknowledged sentiment proxies. Essentially, the model estimations are categorized into two: first, the study documents the performance of the traditional pricing models on portfolios formed on different characteristics. Second, the study augments the first category by iterating sentiment variables into the model specification. The findings reveal that sentiment-augmented asset pricing models outperform the traditional models in explaining the excess returns of the portfolios. Furthermore, using Hansen & Jagannathan (1997) non-parametric model performance technique, we observe that the sentiment-induced models produce a small distance error compared to the traditional models, thus validating the use of sentiment measures in our pricing mechanism. It is therefore opined that extant asset pricing models may not be sufficient to explain market or pricing anomalies. Investors’ sentiment is an important systematic risk factor that possesses useful information, and by implication, market analysts and stakeholders must take serious cognizance of its propensities when forecasting risk-adjusted returns.
Monocyte recruitment in venous pulmonary embolism at time of cancer diagnosis in upper gastrointestinal cancer patients
Authors: Jakobsen Sarah S. , Frøkjaer Jens B. , Fisker Rune V. , Kristensen Søren R. , Thorlacius-Ussing Ole , Larsen Anders C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUpper gastrointestinal cancer is frequently complicated by venous thromboembolisms (VTE), especially pulmonary embolisms (PE) increase the mortality rate. Monocytes are a part of the innate immune system and up-regulation may indicate an ongoing inflammatory response or infectious disease and has lately been associated with a moderate risk of suffering from VTE. This prospectively study aims to compare the incidence of pulmonary embolism with markers of coagulation and compare it to the absolute monocyte count. A consecutive cohort of 250 patients with biopsy proven upper gastrointestinal cancer (i.e. pancreas, biliary tract, esophagus and gastric cancer) where included at the time of cancer diagnosis and before treatment. All patients underwent bilateral compression ultrasonography for detection of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Of these 143 had an additionally pulmonary angiografi (CTPA) with the staging computer tomography. 13 of 250 patients (5.2%) had a DVT and 11 of 143 (7.7%) had CTPA proven PE. PE was significantly more common among patients with elevated D-dimer (OR 11.62, 95%CI: 1.13–119, P = 0.039) and elevated absolute monocyte count (OR 7.59, 95%CI: 1.37–41.98, P = 0.020). Only patients with pancreatic cancer had a significantly higher risk of DVT (OR 11.03, 95%CI: 1.25–97.43, P = 0.031). The sensitivity of absolute monocyte count was 63.6 (95%CI: 30.8–89.1) and specificity 80.3 (95%CI: 72.5–86.7), with a negative predictive value of 96.4 (95%CI: 91–99) in PE. An increased absolute monocyte count was detected in patients suffering from PE but not DVT, suggesting a possible interaction with the innate immune system.
Recent progress on flat plate solar collectors equipped with nanofluid and turbulator: state of the art
Authors: Zaboli Mohammad , Saedodin Seyfolah , Ajarostaghi Seyed Soheil Mousavi , Karimi Nader 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper reviews the impacts of employing inserts, nanofluids, and their combinations on the thermal performance of flat plate solar collectors. The present work outlines the new studies on this specific kind of solar collector. In particular, the influential factors upon operation of flat plate solar collectors with nanofluids are investigated. These include the type of nanoparticle, kind of base fluid, volume fraction of nanoparticles, and thermal efficiency. According to the reports, most of the employed nanofluids in the flat plate solar collectors include Al2O3, CuO, and TiO2. Moreover, 62.34%, 16.88%, and 11.26% of the utilized nanofluids have volume fractions between 0 and 0.5%, 0.5 and 1%, and 1 and 2%, respectively. The twisted tape is the most widely employed of various inserts, with a share of about one-third. Furthermore, the highest achieved flat plate solar collectors’ thermal efficiency with turbulator is about 86.5%. The review is closed with a discussion about the recent analyses on the simultaneous use of nanofluids and various inserts in flat plate solar collectors. According to the review of works containing nanofluid and turbulator, it has been determined that the maximum efficiency of about 84.85% can be obtained from a flat plate solar collector. It has also been observed that very few works have been done on the combination of two methods of employing nanofluid and turbulator in the flat plate solar collector, and more detailed work can still be done, using more diverse nanofluids (both single and hybrid types) and turbulators with more efficient geometries.
Responses of diatom composition and teratological forms to environmental pollution in a post-mining lake (SW Poland)
Authors: Sienkiewicz Elwira , Gąsiorowski Michał , Sekudewicz Ilona , Kowalewska Urszula , Matoušková Šárka 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVarious types of environmental stressors, such as heavy metals, lignite residues, or extremely low water pH, cause the formation of teratological forms of diatoms during the reproductive cycle. The damage mainly includes an abnormal diatom valve outline, changes in the striation pattern, anomalies in the raphe line/sternum, reduction in the cell size, metabolism alterations, or combined deformities. Diatom remains with such morphological deformities occur in the sediments of post-mining lake ŁK-46 (SW Poland). This lake was formed by excavation after the end of lignite exploitation in the mid-1960s. The percentage of teratological valves in the studied lake ranged from 12 to 33% of the relative abundance. The majority of abnormal diatoms have been observed in species of Eunotia. The reconstruction of the diatom-inferred pH (DI-pH), together with the concentration of heavy metals in the sediments and contemporary measurements of the water pH, indicates that the lake was contaminated to varying degrees and was acidic from the beginning of lake creation until today. The lake is located in an area of acid mine drainage (AMD), and in its vicinity, there are overburden heaps containing lignite residues, which are eroded and supplied to the lake, constantly acidifying the water. In the youngest sediments, the concentration of heavy metals increased, while the percentage of abnormal diatoms decreased. Determining which factor, i.e., extremely low water pH and the presence of lignite or heavy metals, was responsible for the formation or reduction of teratogenic forms of diatoms is very difficult.
Analysis of tobacco exposures and high-risk HPV infection in American women: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Jiang Liangzi , Ma Suting , Zhang Ge , Jiang Lingling , Yan Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNicotine is a known toxin, but its relationship with cervicovaginal high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate whether tobacco exposure is associated with elevated cervicovaginal HR-HPV infection in US women, and if the strength of this association varies with the degree of exposure. Cross-sectional data from the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which included a nationally representative sample of US women, were used for the study. Out of 12436 women aged 18–59 who participated in the interview, 3833 were ultimately enrolled in this study. Weighted logistic regression was used to estimate the link between tobacco exposure and cervicovaginal HR-HPV infection. The mean age of participants was 38.6 (SD 12.1) years, and non-Hispanic White individuals accounted for 37.3% of the sample. Those with any tobacco exposure tended to be younger (mean age 37.7 [SD 12.4] years vs 40.3 [11.2] years), non-Hispanic Black (27.8% vs. 15.1%), lower educated (41.8% vs. 29.4%), and have lower family income (39.9% vs. 23.5%). After adjustment, the odds of having HR-HPV infection were 1.32 (95% CI, 1.09–1.59) for those exposed to tobacco, remaining significant in multiple sensitivity analyses and across subgroups. This study, based on a nationally representative sample from the United States, suggests that tobacco exposure is a risk factor for elevated HR-HPV infection in women, highlighting the need for further research into reducing this modifiable risk factor.
Security vulnerabilities in healthcare: an analysis of medical devices and software
Authors: Mejía-Granda Carlos M. , Fernández-Alemán José L. , Carrillo-de-Gea Juan M. , García-Berná José A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe integration of IoT in healthcare has introduced vulnerabilities in medical devices and software, posing risks to patient safety and system integrity. This study aims to bridge the research gap and provide valuable insights for addressing healthcare vulnerabilities and their mitigation mechanisms. Software vulnerabilities related to health systems from 2001 to 2022 were collected from the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) systematized by software developed by the researchers and assessed by a medical specialist for their impact on patient well-being. The analysis revealed electronic health records, wireless infusion pumps, endoscope cameras, and radiology information systems as the most vulnerable. In addition, critical vulnerabilities were identified, including poor credential management and hard-coded credentials. The investigation provides some insights into the consequences of vulnerabilities in health software products, projecting future security issues by 2025, offers mitigation suggestions, and highlights trends in attacks on life support and health systems are also provided. The healthcare industry needs significant improvements in protecting medical devices from cyberattacks. Securing communication channels and network schema and adopting secure software practices is necessary. In addition, collaboration, regulatory adherence, and continuous security monitoring are crucial. Industries, researchers, and stakeholders can utilize these findings to enhance security and safeguard patient safety.
Graphical abstract
Destabilization Treatment and Its Influence on Microstructure and Matrix Hardness of High-Cr Cast Iron
Authors: Le Nué Charline , Corujeira Gallo Santiago , Vahid Alireza , Wang Jiangting , Taherishargh Mehdi , Attar Hooyar , Fabijanic Daniel , Barnett Matthew 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh-chromium cast irons are an essential class of wear-resistant materials commonly used for wear-resistant applications in the mining and steel industries. There is ongoing debate on the secondary carbide types and their formation sequences during heat treatment. This work examines the microstructural evolution during destabilization treatment of a hypoeutectic high-chromium cast iron containing 2.2 wt pct C and 16.5 wt pct Cr. Starting from an inhomogeneous as-cast microstructure consisting of ~ 28 pct M7C3 eutectic carbide and a mixed matrix of martensite and retained austenite, destabilization treatments resulted in the establishment of near homogeneous structure with a near equilibrium level of carbon concentration in the matrix, which fully transformed to martensite upon cooling. Homogeneously distributed M23C6 secondary carbides with a square-shaped morphology and 100 to 500 nm in size precipitated during heating up to the destabilization temperature. For higher destabilization temperatures (1000 °C), M7C3 secondary carbides formed together with M23C6 and were identifiable by a distinctly different morphology (elongated). It was found that the carbon content of the matrix, a function of the destabilization temperature and subsequent eutectic carbide dissolution, controls the martensite start temperature and has a dominating influence on bulk-hardness.
Long-range transport and microscopy analysis of Sangay volcanic ashes in Ecuador
Authors: Moran-Zuloaga Daniel , Merchan-Merchan Wilson , Rodriguez-Caballero Emilio , Mulas Maurizio , Hernick Philip 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to conduct a spatiotemporal analysis of the long-range transportation of volcanic ashes that originates from the eruption of the Sangay volcano and reached Guayaquil during the months of June 2020; September 2020; and April 2021. The particulate matter data (PM2.5) was obtained using a low-cost air quality sensor. During the wet season of 2020 (Jan–May), PM2.5 average concentrations were 6 ± 2 μg m−3 while during the dry season of 2020 (July–Nov), PM2.5 average concentrations were 16 ± 3 μg m−3 in Guayaquil. The most prominent plumes occurred on September 20th of 2020, a month with no rain but high wind speeds created by the Andes Mountain topography to the coast. During this event, PM2.5 concentrations started at 12:00 UTC-5 in a volcanic plume event that lasted 4 h with a maximum peak of 133 + 40 μg m−3. Electron microscopy of selected samples showed that the ashes of the three eruptions may differ in size and morphology. EDX analysis reveals that the ash contains certain elements—C, Si, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, S, and Fe—in similar proportions. In summary, this study remarks on the meteorological role and the long-range transport of Sangay volcanic ashes.
Updates in Small Interfering RNA for the Treatment of Dyslipidemias
Authors: Carugo S. , Sirtori C. R. , Gelpi G. , Corsini A. , Tokgozoglu L. , Ruscica M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is still the leading cause of death worldwide. Despite excellent pharmacological approaches, clinical registries consistently show that many people with dyslipidemia do not achieve optimal management, and many of them are treated with low-intensity lipid-lowering therapies. Beyond the well-known association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular prevention, the atherogenicity of lipoprotein(a) and the impact of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins cannot be overlooked. Within this landscape, the use of RNA-based therapies can help the treatment of difficult to target lipid disorders.

Recent Findings
The safety and efficacy of LDL-C lowering with the siRNA inclisiran has been documented in the open-label ORION-3 trial, with a follow-up of 4 years. While the outcome trial is pending, a pooled analysis of ORION-9, ORION-10, and ORION-11 has shown the potential of inclisiran to reduce composite major adverse cardiovascular events. Concerning lipoprotein(a), data of OCEAN(a)-DOSE trial with olpasiran show a dose-dependent drop in lipoprotein(a) levels with an optimal pharmacodynamic profile when administered every 12 weeks. Concerning TG lowering, although ARO-APOC3 and ARO-ANG3 are effective to lower apolipoprotein(apo)C-III and angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) levels, these drugs are still in their infancy.

Summary
In the era moving toward a personalized risk management, the use of siRNA represents a blossoming armamentarium to tackle dyslipidaemias for ASCVD risk reduction.