bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Professional Development of Teachers by Means of Competitions of Professional Achievements
Authors: Manuzuna E. , Trubnikova N. , Vebster A. 
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes modern approaches to managing the professional development of teachers by means of professional achievement competitions.
The aim of the study is the theoretical substantiation, implementation and experimental verification of the model for managing the professional development of teachers through professional achievement competitions.
The article describes the results of a study of the level of professional development of teachers using diagnostic methods "Assessing the level of teacher readiness for development" by V.I. Zvereva and N.V. Nemova, "Methodology for determining the level of self-development and professional and pedagogical activity" L.N. Berezhnova, "Methodology for assessing the basic competencies of a teacher" L.A. Adambayeva.
The organizational and pedagogical conditions for managing the professional development of teachers by means of professional achievement competitions are presented: organization of advisory and methodological support for teachers in the process of preparing and participating in professional achievement competitions; creation of a system of moral and material incentives for teaching staff based on the results of participation in competitive events; organization of effective cooperative interaction between teachers - participants in competitions on the basis of an educational organization; creation of a "School of Personal Growth" for teachers participating in competitions of pedagogical achievements.
Safety and side effects of suxamethonium in clinical practice – literature overview
Authors: Mazur Bartosz , Greguła Anna , Stachyrak Karol , Mika Dawid , Kłos Aleksandra , Turek Kamila , Lambach Maciej , Pawlicki Mateusz , Mazurek Aleksandra , Wilanowska Wiktoria 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and purpose
Muscle relaxants have been integral to medical practice for decades, benefiting both anesthesiologists for smooth patient intubation and surgeons requiring deep muscle relaxation. This article focuses on succinylcholine, a prominent muscle relaxant, exploring its historical context, efficacy, and the accumulated data on potential life-threatening side effects. The manuscript analyzes the available knowledge regarding the adverse effects of succinylcholine in clinical practice, presenting literature-identified methods aimed at risk mitigation. Summarizing the current understanding of succinylcholine's risks seeks to enhance its effective use, decrease adverse incidents in patients, and contribute to the overall safety of both patients and healthcare providers.

Material and methods
The following review of studies was based on articles obtained from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Key search terms included suxamethonium, succinylcholine, suxamethonium hyperkalemia, suxamethonium myalgia, suxamethonium anaphylaxis, suxamethonium cholinesterase deficiency, and suxamethonium malignant hyperthermia.

Conclusions
Suxamethonium's adverse effects range from muscle pain-related discomfort to rare, potentially lethal multi-organ complications, impacting patients' health diversely. Despite its drawbacks, succinylcholine remains crucial in anesthesiology. Ongoing research offers avenues to counteract or mitigate side effects. However, these methods necessitate further research to develop universal, widely available protocols in clinical settings.
The impact of physical activity on the risk and severity of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Kujawa Aleksandra , Matuszewska Urszula , Nykowska Aleksandra , Beutler Katarzyna , Bijata Bartosz , Burek Dawid , Paszkowska Aleksandra 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: A rapid outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in the past few years caused a significant increase in the number of upper respiratory tract infections throughout the world. Numerous public health institutions tried to control the COVID-19 pandemic, including mandatory mask wearing, vaccinations, increased frequency of using disinfectants or compulsory lockdowns. Lockdown interventions were necessary, although they lead to insufficient, comparing to the international recommendations, levels of physical activity, which could trigger an elevated susceptibility to diseases of affluence.
Purpose: Regular aerobic exercise may suppress inflammation, boost innate immunity and result in enhanced protection against viral infections. This review aims to show the relationship between level of physical activity and the risk and severity of COVID-19 infection
Sparse Density Trees and Lists: An Interpretable Alternative to High-Dimensional Histograms
Authors: Goh Siong Thye , Semenova Lesia , Rudin Cynthia 
Published: January 2024

We present sparse tree-based and list-based density estimation methods for binary/categorical data. Our density estimation models are higher-dimensional analogies to variable bin-width histograms. In each leaf of the tree (or list), the density is constant, similar to the flat density within the bin of a histogram. Histograms, however, cannot easily be visualized in more than two dimensions, whereas our models can. The accuracy of histograms fades as dimensions increase, whereas our models have priors that help with generalization. Our models are sparse, unlike high-dimensional fixed-bin histograms. We present three generative modeling methods, where the first one allows the user to specify the preferred number of leaves in the tree within a Bayesian prior. The second method allows the user to specify the preferred number of branches within the prior. The third method returns density lists (rather than trees) and allows the user to specify the preferred number of rules and the length of rules within the prior. The new approaches often yield a better balance between sparsity and accuracy of density estimates than other methods for this task. We present an application to crime analysis, where we estimate how unusual each type of modus operandi is for a house break-in. History: David Martens served as senior editor for this article. Funding: The authors acknowledge support from NIDA [Grant R01 DA054994]. Data Ethics & Reproducibility Note: There are no ethical issues with this algorithm that we are aware of. Data sets for testing the algorithm are either simulated or publicly available through the UCI Machine Learning Repository (Markelle Kelly, Rachel Longjohn, Kolby Nottingham, The UCI Machine Learning Repository, https://archive.ics.uci.edu ). The housebreak data were obtained through the Cambridge Police Department, Cambridge, MA. The code capsule is available on Code Ocean at https://doi.org/10.24433/CO.2985251.v1 and in the e-companion to this article (available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijds.2021.0001 ).
Protocol of efficacy of bifidobacteria intake on gastrointestinal symptoms in symptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in abdominis: An open-label, randomized controlled trial (Binary STAR study)
Authors: Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Kobayashi Genki , Kitagawa Noriyuki , Okada Hiroshi , Hamaguchi Masahide , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: January 2024

Background
This randomized, parallel-group study aims to investigate the effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 (BBG9-1) on the symptoms of diarrhea or constipation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods
This study will examine 100 patients with T2DM who suffering from symptoms of diarrhea or constipation. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned 1:1 to two groups (group A, BBG9-1 group; group B, control group), after the baseline examination. Patients assigned to group A will receive probiotic BBG9-1 oral administration along with their current treatment for 12 weeks, and patients assigned to group B will continue the current treatment for 12 weeks without probiotic BBG9-1 oral administration. Subsequently, examinations similar to the baseline examinations will be performed. The primary endpoint will be a change in the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) total score from baseline to week 12. Secondary endpoints will include the following: change and percent change in parameters such as GSRS subdomain scores, fecal properties/Bristol stool form scale, defecation frequency, biomarkers, gut microbiota, and macronutrients and factors that affect GSRS total score or constipation/diarrhea subdomain scores from baseline to week 12.

Discussion
The results of this study will clarify the utility of probiotic BBG9-1 in the treatment of diarrhea or constipation in patients with T2DM.

Trial registration
jRCTs051220127.
An evaluation of knee osteoarthritis pain in the general community—Asir region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kandasamy Geetha , Almaghaslah Dalia , Almanasef Mona , Almeleebia Tahani , Vasudevan Rajalakshimi , Siddiqua Ayesha , Shorog Eman , M. Alshahrani Asma , Prabahar Kousalya , Veeramani Vinoth Prabhu , Amirthalingam Palanisamy , F. Alqifari Saleh , Mani Vasudevan , Viswanath Reddy Lingala Kalyan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common conditions resulting in disability, particularly in the elderly population. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common articular disease and the leading cause of chronic disability in the developed world.ObjectiveThis study was carried out to evaluate knee pain in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. An analytical cross-sectional survey design was adopted in the Asir region from April 2023 to August 2023 to assess the knee pain of the adult population using an anonymous online questionnaire.ResultsOf 1234, 332 were men (26.90) and 902 were women (73.09). WOMAC index score category 55.34% (n = 683) of the subjects had a low risk (score <60), 28.68% (n = 354) had a moderate risk (score 60–80), and 15.96% (n = 197) had a high risk (score ≥81) for KOA. According to clinical criteria, 79.33% (n = 979) of the study subjects had OA. Age group, gender 2.17 (1. 67–2.82) [OR 2.17; 95% CI 1.67–2.82), family history of OA [OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.37–0.62], diabetes [OR 2.78; 95% CI 2.17–3.56], hypertension [OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.26–0.45] were significantly associated with the percentage of the WOMAC index score using the Chi-square test analysis (P<0.05). Therefore, the WOMAC index showed higher diagnostic precision with a statistically significant association [OR 9.31 CI 6.90–12.81] with a P< 0.0001.ConclusionKOA is more common in older, obese people who have reached the age of 50 in the Asir region, and it is more prevalent in women. Alarms the need for appropriate awareness programs for better disease prevention and health outcomes for the benefit of the community through general public health programs.
Sleep, Anxiety, Somatization, Quality of Life, and Resilience in Pediatric Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Jensen Elizabeth T. , Chaiboonma Kira , Ayala Oscar , Proia Anthony , Aceves Seema S. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Emerging evidence suggests a high burden of psychosocial comorbidities in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), although factors associated with this burden have not been explored. We aimed to increase understanding of the psychosocial burden of EoE and assess factors that are associated with disease burden.

METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with EoE (n = 87) recruited from a single-center, multidisciplinary pediatric eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders clinic (2019–2021). Participants (aged 8–18 years) completed validated assessments during routine clinic visit to assess EoE symptoms (Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Score version 2.0), quality of life (Pediatric Quality of LIfe- Eosinophilic Esophagitis), anxiety state and trait (State-Trait Anxiety Score for Children), somatization (Child Somatic Symptoms Inventory 24), sleep disordered breathing (Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire) and, in a subset (n = 35), resilience (Connor Davidson Resilience Scale). Clinical and demographic data were collected.

RESULTS:
Participants were at a mean (SD) age of 12.8 (3.1) years, and 26% (n = 23) were female. Shorter disease duration (6–12 months) was associated with higher symptom burden (P = 0.03), somatization (P < 0.01), and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Score for Children Trait P < 0.01) scores. Participants with neurodevelopmental comorbidities had higher anxiety trait, somatization, sleep disordered breathing, and lower quality of life (P < 0.01 for all). Symptom burden was significantly associated with increased somatic symptoms (adjusted β [aβ] = 0.34; 95% confidence interval 0.23–0.45) and decreased quality of life (aβ = −0.42; 95% confidence interval −0.59 to −0.25) but not state anxiety, trait anxiety, or disordered sleep breathing.

DISCUSSION:
Pediatric patients with a recent diagnosis of EoE can experience higher EoE symptoms, somatization, and anxiety when compared with those with a longer-standing diagnosis. Patients earlier in their diagnosis and with neurodevelopmental disorders may experience increased somatization and anxiety that may warrant additional support services.
Data mining of reference intervals for serum creatinine: an improvement in glomerular filtration rate estimating equations based on Q-values
Authors: Ma Yao , Yong Zhenzhu , Wei Lu , Yuan Haichuan , Wan Lihong , Pei Xiaohua , Zhang Feng , Wen Guohua , Jin Cheng , Gu Yan , Zhang Qun , Zhao Weihong , Zhu Bei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimating equations based on rescaled serum creatinine (SCr/Q) have shown better performance, where Q represents the median SCr for age- and sex-specific healthy populations. However, there remains a scarcity of investigations in China to determine this value. We aimed to develop Chinese age- and sex-specific reference intervals (RIs) and Q-values for SCr and to validate the equations incorporating new Q-values.

Methods
We included 117,345 adults from five centers for establishing RIs and Q-values, and 3,692 participants with reference GFR (rGFR, 99mTc-DTPA renal dynamic imaging measurement) for validation. Appropriate age partitioning was determined using the decision tree method. Lower and upper reference limits and medians were calculated using the refineR algorithm, and Q-values were determined accordingly. We evaluated the full age spectrum (FAS) and European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) equations incorporating different Q-values considering bias, precision (interquartile range, IQR), and accuracy (percentage of estimates within ±20 % [P20] and ±30 % [P30] of rGFR).

Results
RIs for males were: 18–79 years, 55.53–92.50 μmol/L; ≥80 years, 54.41–96.43 μmol/L. RIs for females were: 18–59 years, 40.42–69.73 μmol/L; 60–79 years, 41.16–73.69 μmol/L; ≥80 years, 46.50–73.20 μmol/L. Q-values were set at 73.82 μmol/L (0.84 mg/dL) for males and 53.80 μmol/L (0.61 mg/dL) for females. After validation, we found that the adjusted equations exhibit less bias, improved precision and accuracy, and increased agreement of GFR categories.

Conclusions
We determined Chinese age- and sex-specific RIs and Q-values for SCr. The adjustable Q-values provide an effective alternative to obtain valid equations for estimating GFR.
The main impacts of a managed aquifer recharge using AHP-weighted overlay analysis based on GIS in the eastern Wasit province, Iraq
Authors: Jassim Fardous N. , Humood Shaimaa H. , Malik Hawraa S. , Alshareef Thatalula Q. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The management of groundwater recharge success and sustainability depends on many site characteristics. It is essential to integrate the maps of site’s suitability and characteristics to identify suitable areas. The purpose of this study is to use a geographic information system (GIS) to find potential places for a project using managed aquifer recharge (MAR) in the eastern Wasit province, Iraq. Data for four effective criteria, terrain slope, Soil type/texture, drainage density, and hydrogeological efficiency, were collected, and a categorization map for each GIS criterion was subsequently created. The four steps are performed to identify this site: defining the problem, screening for the suitable areas, after the suitability map, and after the screening; the suitability mapping is divided into two zones: suitable zone and unsuitable zone. The results indicate that the site suitability for conducting aquifer recharge was classified into five categories, i.e., very high, high, moderate, low, and very low potentiality. These areas cover 26.83, 34.71, 24.98, 11.56, and 1.79%, respectively. GIS is widely acknowledged as an efficient approach for choosing MAR sites. This approach gives a better reference for analyzing suitable sites and the potential implications of applying MAR in an aquifer in similar water-stressed areas.
Multi-source microwave heating temperature uniformity study based on adaptive dynamic programming
Authors: Yang Biao , Peng Feiyun , Zhang Ziqi , Wu Zhaogang , Huang Hongbin , Shi Yuyi , Han Zemin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In view of the multi-physical field coupling and time-varying characteristics of the microwave heating medium process, how to dynamically plan the state characteristics of multiple microwave sources and optimize the material temperature uniformity becomes the focus of this article. To this end, first, algebraic graph theory is used to construct the multiple microwave sources as a multi-agent system, and a perfect communication topology is established to ensure the transfer and sharing of information. Second, according to the real-time temperature distribution of the material, an event-triggered adaptive dynamic planning algorithm is used to co-operate with the power input of the multiple microwave sources to ensure that no new hot spots are generated during the optimization of the temperature distribution using the self-organizing properties of the medium. Finally, a numerical calculation model for optimizing a mixture of integer and continuous variables is solved using the finite-element method. The experimental and numerical results show that this article improves the temperature uniformity by 32.4–73.5% and the heating efficiency by 14.3–39.4% compared to the generic heating model, and the feasibility of the method is verified by the different shapes of the heated material.
Modeling with graded interfaces: Tool for understanding and designing record-high power and efficiency mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Suri Suraj , Knipfer Benjamin B. , Grange Thomas , Gao Huilong , Kirch Jeremy D. , Mawst Luke J. , Marsland Robert A. , Botez Dan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
By employing a graded-interfaces model based on a generalized formalism for interface-roughness (IFR) scattering that was modified for mid-infrared emitting quantum cascade lasers (QCLs), we have accurately reproduced the electro-optical characteristics of published record-performance 4.9 µm- and 8.3 µm-emitting QCLs. The IFR-scattering parameters at various interfaces were obtained from measured values and trends found via atom-probe tomography analysis of one of our 4.6 μm-emitting QCL structures with variable barrier heights. Those values and trends, when used for designing a graded-interface, 4.6 μm-emitting QCL, led to experimental device characteristics in very good agreement with calculated ones. We find that the published record-high performance values are mainly due to both injection from a prior-stage low-energy (active-region) state directly into the upper-laser (ul) level, thus at low field-strength values, as well as to strong photon-induced carrier transport. However, the normalized leakage-current density J

leak
/J is found to be quite high: 26–28 % and 23.3 %, respectively, mainly because of IFR-triggered shunt-type leakage through high-energy active-region states, in the presence of high average electron temperatures in the ul laser level and an energy state adjacent to it: 1060 K and 466 K for 4.9 µm- and 8.3 µm-emitting QCLs, respectively. Then, modeling with graded interfaces becomes a tool for designing devices of performances superior to the best reported to date, thus closing in on fundamental limits. The model is employed to design a graded-interface 8.1 µm-emitting QCL with suppressed carrier leakage via conduction-band engineering, which reaches a maximum front-facet wall-plug efficiency value of 22.2 %, significantly higher than the current record (17 %); thus, a value close to the fundamental front-facet, upper limit (i.e., 25 %) for ∼8 µm-emitting QCLs.
Investigation of nanomaterials in flow of non-Newtonian liquid toward a stretchable surface
Authors: El Maati Lamia Abu , Khan M. Ijaz , Abdelmohsen Shaimaa A. M. , Alotaibi Badriah M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article features the buoyancy-driven electro-magnetohydrodynamic micropolar nanomaterial flow subjected to motile microorganisms. The flow is engendered via an elongating surface, and the energy relation includes heat source generation, magnetohydrodynamics, and radiation. A Buongiorno nanomaterial model (which includes thermophoretic and Brownian diffusions) together with chemical reaction and bioconvection aspects is pondered. The nonlinear governing expressions are transfigured into a dimensionless system, and the dimensionless expressions are computed using the numerical differential-solve scheme. Graphical analyses are conducted to examine the liquid flow, microrotation velocity, microorganism concentration, and temperature in relation to secondary variables. It is observed that a higher Hartman number has an opposite influence on temperature and velocity profiles. A rise in material variables engenders a decline in microrotation velocity. The temperature is enhanced through radiation. The concentration shows conflicting trends for both thermophoretic and random factors. The presence of motile microorganisms reduces the bioconvection Lewis and Peclet numbers.
Konsep “Nikmat” dalam Al Quran
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Rizaldi 
Published: January 2024

Dalam Al-Qur'an, istilah "nikmat" merujuk pada anugerah dan karunia Allah SWT kepada manusia, baik materiil maupun spiritual, yang diterima di dunia maupun akhirat. Kajian ini fokus pada konsep nikmat dengan pendekatan semantik Al-Quran versi eksiklopedi dengan pendekatan tafsir-tafsir ke Indonesiaan yaitu kitab-kitab tafsir dari Indonesia seperti yang dijelaskan dalam tafsir-tafsir terkenal Indonesia seperti "Al Azhar" karya Hamka, "Al Misbah" karya Quraisy Shihab, dan "Al-Ibriiz Lima’rifati Tafsiril Quranil Aiziz" karya KH. Bisri Musthofa dalam bahasa Jawa Pegon yang diterjemahkan ke bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menemukan tiga jenis nikmat yang dapat diidentifikasi. Pertama, nikmat umum meliputi aspek-aspek kehidupan, seperti rezeki, kesehatan, dan kebahagiaan sehari-hari. Allah juga memberikan nikmat kepada para rasul dan nabi sebagai penghargaan atas dedikasi mereka. Kedua, nikmat surga diberikan kepada yang beriman dan bertakwa, berupa kenikmatan dan keindahan yang tak terbayangkan. Ketiga, nikmat dunia mencakup kekayaan, kekuasaan, dan ilmu pengetahuan yang Allah anugerahkan. Semua nikmat ini menggambarkan kekuasaan Allah yang mencipta dan mengatur alam semesta dengan hikmah.