bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical helmet systems in total joint arthroplasty: assessment of hood sterility and donning technique
Authors: McAleese Timothy , Ó Doinn Tiarnán , Broderick James M. , Farrington Ross , Prior Anna-Rose , Quinlan John F. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is increasing, coincident with the rising volume of joint arthroplasty being performed. With recent controversy regarding the efficacy of surgical helmet systems (SHS) in preventing infection, the focus has turned to the correct donning techniques and usage of surgical hoods. The aim of this study was to compare the bacterial contamination of the operating surgeon’s gloves after two common donning techniques of SHS hoods. We also evaluated the baseline sterility of the SHS hoods at the beginning of the procedure.

Methods
The bacterial contamination rate was quantified using colony-forming units (CFUs), with 50 trials performed per donning technique. Samples were cultured on 5% Columbia blood agar in ambient air at 37 °C for 48 h and all subsequent bacterial growth was identified using a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer. In Group 1, the operating surgeon donned their colleague’s hood. In Group 2, the operating surgeon had their hood applied by a non-scrubbed colleague. After each trial, the operating surgeon immediately inoculated their gloves onto an agar plate. The immediate sterility of 50 SHS hoods was assessed at two separate zones—the screen (Zone 1) and the neckline (Zone 2).

Results
There was no significant difference in contamination rates between the two techniques (3% vs. 2%, P = 0.99) or between right and left glove contamination rates. Immediately after donning, 6/50 (12%) of SHS hoods cultured an organism. Contamination rates at both the face shield and neckline zones were equivalent. The majority of bacteria cultured were Bacillus species.

Discussion
We found no significant difference in the operating surgeon’s glove contamination using two common SHS hood-donning techniques when they were performed under laminar airflow with late fan activation. We suggest the SHS hood should not be assumed to be completely sterile and that gloves are changed if it is touched intraoperatively.
The effects of closed kinetic chain exercise on pain and physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review
Authors: Ahmed Faruq , Hossain K. M. Amran , Islam Md. Shofiqul , Hassan Md. Nazmul , Nahid Zahid Bin Sultan , Uddin Md. Kutub , Islam Md. Waliul , Haque Md. Obaidul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) has become a serious public health exposure because it leads to chronic pain and minimizes physical function and quality of life (QOL). This review aimed to find out the effectiveness of closed kinetic chain exercise (CKCE) on pain, range of motion (ROM), physical function, and QOL in subjects with knee OA.

Methods
The design of this study was a narrative review. A computerized electronic search was performed using PEDro, PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE Register of controlled trials with keywords including osteoarthritis, knee OA, closed chain exercise, closed kinetic chain exercise, functional exercise, physiotherapy exercise, and therapeutic intervention. The inclusion criteria consisted of studies that were randomized controlled trials, published in English from 2016 to 2023. Here, allotted osteoarthritis was the primary concern, and we identified closed kinetic chain exercise as one of the treatment options.

Results
The initial search of the database revealed a total of 91 studies. Of those studies, 11 were selected as potentially meeting the inclusion criteria. Ultimately, six studies were retained for the final review. The evaluations suggested that CKCE has better impacts on pain, capacity, and ROM in knee OA. After reviewing, it has been revealed that at least an 8-week program with 3 sessions per week in 30 min longer might have greater effects on the CKCE program.

Conclusion
The results of this narrative review have shown that CKCEs are efficient for relieving pain, promoting function, increasing knee ROM, and enhancing QOL in subjects with knee OA.
Mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm complicated with iatrogenic acute aortic dissection during bronchial artery embolization repaired with thoracic endovascular aortic repair: a case report
Authors: Higa Hanae , Miyata Takeaki , Saga Toshifumi , Yoshimatsu Takashi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Asymptomatic bronchial artery aneurysms (BAA) could be underdiagnosed, and the precise prevalence is unknown. Bronchial artery angiography revealed that this rare disease in about 1% of patients. BAA is fatal if ruptured since there is no correlation between the diameter and symptoms of the aneurysm and the risk of rupture. Early treatment on diagnosis is desirable. Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is the first choice for treatment because of its minimally invasive nature.

Case presentation
A 74-year-old man was referred to our department and pointed out a tumor-like lesion under the aortic arch on a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). We diagnosed it as a mediastinal BAA, and BAE was planned. The bronchial artery arising from the aorta showed strong atherosclerotic meanders and was difficult to engage, resulting in iatrogenic acute aortic dissection (AAD). Urgent thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) was performed. There was no contrast effect of the aneurysm on a postoperative CECT, indicating thrombotic occlusion.

Conclusions
We were preparing a system that could convert to surgery or TEVAR, in case of difficult to treat with BAE or ruptured aneurysm during BAE, so we were able to respond quickly to aortic dissection caused by BAE and obtain a good result of both BAA and aortic dissection. TEVAR would be considered a treatment of BAA, in cases such as the present case, where engagement is difficult, where the length of the inflow artery is short, or where the inflow artery is tortuous.
Impact of Free Fatty Acids on Vascular Insulin Responses Across the Arterial Tree: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Love Kaitlin M , Jahn Linda A , Hartline Lee M , Aylor Kevin W , Liu Zhenqi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
Vascular insulin resistance is commonly observed in obesity and diabetes; yet, insulin action across the vascular tree and the relationship between insulin responses at different vascular locations remains incompletely defined.

Objective
To elucidate the impact of elevated free fatty acids (FFAs) on insulin action across the arterial tree and define the relationship among insulin actions in the different arterial segments.

Methods
This randomized crossover study assigned healthy lean adults to 2 separate admissions with euglycemic insulin clamp superimposed for the final 120 minutes of 5-hour lipid or matched-volume saline infusion. Vascular measures including peripheral and central arterial blood pressure, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), augmentation index (AIx), pulse wave separation analysis, subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR), and skeletal and cardiac muscle microvascular perfusion were determined before and after insulin clamp. Insulin-mediated whole body glucose disposal was calculated.

Results
Insulin enhanced FMD, AIx, reflection magnitude, and cardiac and skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion. Elevation of plasma FFA concentrations to the levels seen in the postabsorptive state in people with insulin resistance suppressed SEVR, blunted insulin-induced increases in FMD and cardiac and skeletal muscle microvascular blood volume, and lowered insulin's ability to reduce AIx and reflection magnitude. In multivariate regression, insulin-mediated muscle microvascular perfusion was independently associated with insulin-mediated FMD and cfPWV.

Conclusion
Clinically relevant elevation of plasma FFA concentrations induces pan-arterial insulin resistance, the vascular insulin resistance outcomes are interconnected, and insulin-mediated muscle microvascular perfusion associates with cardiovascular disease predictors. Our data provide biologic plausibility whereby a causative relationship between FFAs and cardiovascular disease could exist, and suggest that further attention to interventions that block FFA-mediated vascular insulin resistance may be warranted.
Empowering future surgeons: a workshop bridging the gap between graduation and the operating room
Authors: Boyle Mark , Mroczek Thomas J , Thu Khine , Byrne Aodhan , Blackmore Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Aims/Background Feedback from foundation trainees in Blackpool highlighted low levels of confidence with the prospect of surgical on-call shifts. Key areas of concern were assessing and managing the acute surgical patient, identifying which patients need an operation and having the technical skills to proficiently assist in theatre. This lack of confidence prevents trainees engaging in what should be an educational and rewarding rotation. Methods The authors designed and facilitated a day of workshops, addressing these key educational needs. Bespoke to the trust's services, lectures were delivered by core surgical trainees on the assessment and management of acute surgical patients in general surgery, urology and trauma and orthopaedics. For the development of technical skills, an afternoon of surgical skills workshops covered suturing, knot tying, laparoscopic principles and theatre etiquette. Small groups of foundation trainees rotated through each workshop, delivered by surgical registrars (ST3+), to ensure high fidelity training. Results Pre- and post-course questionnaires assessed the efficacy of teaching. Out of a total of 72 foundation trainees, 55 attended the teaching day, of which 45 (81.8%) completed pre- and post-course surveys using a six-point modified Likert scale. Rates for satisfactory confidence levels while on-call improved from 66 to 100% of participants after the course. Suturing skills satisfaction rose from 37.5 to 100%, among other impact markers. Discussion All trainees that attended the course displayed a marked improvement. This course is now being incorporated into foundation teaching programmes at a regional level and has scope to be expanded nationally.
Synthesis and Computational Study of Bis-(1-(3-Chlorobenzoyl)-3-Phenylthiourea) Cobalt (III) as Anticancer Candidate
Authors: Ruswanto Ruswanto , Khasanah Nisa Uswatun , Wardani Gatut Ari , Mardianingrum Richa 
Published: November 2023

Cancer is a disease characterized by cells forming abnormally so that a buildup can cause lumps. Drug compounds used for anticancer treatment by chemotherapy become a severe problem because they have dangerous side effects and can affect patient’s quality of life. This study aims to discover new drug compounds with lowered toxicity effects. This was achieved by modifying their structures through synthesis, characterization, and estimating the interactions of the synthesized compounds with specific target receptors, utilizing a docking method. The result obtained was a synthesis yield of 36.2%. The characterization of complex compounds was characterized by the presence of a maximum wavelength of 273 nm and a molecular weight of 652 g/mmol, indicating the absorption of Co-O and Co-S at respective wavenumbers of 498 cm-1 and 604 cm- 1. The docking results showed that the Bis-(1-(3-Chlorobenzoyl)-3-Phenylthiourea) Cobalt (III) complex had the best activity on human estrogen receptor alpha (hER alpha) with a binding affinity value of - 9.40 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant of 0.129 M, which was lower than the comparison compound (cisplatin) and had a better pharmacokinetic profile than cisplatin. This study shows that the Bis-(1-(3-Chlorobenzoyl)-3-Phenylthiourea) Cobalt (III) complex is predicted to have potential as an anticancer candidate.
A Political Economy of Public Policymaking and Underdevelopment in Postcolonial African States: A Marxian Perspective
Authors: Masumbe Peter Sakwe 
Published: November 2023

Debates over who makes public policy in postcolonial African states are lengthy, spanning from 1960s until now, even as such debates prompt pernicious human underdevelopment in this region. Driven by these unfinished debates’ impervious outcomes - the impoverishment of postcolonial Africans, this paper uses the Marxian political economy perspective to determine the mischievous insights arising from these debates, which prod irrational policymaking. It argues that, although policymaking is par excellence the impeccable and inescapable normal government activity and an important political instrument for exerting exhilarating or doldrums societies, it is fraught with inequitably precarious, intricate and dispute-prone processes for mobilising, distributing and allocating resources in societies. Consequently, the paper examines this activity’s shortcomings, not only through the cognitive capacities or incapacities of government officials, but through subjective irrational groups’ interests. Using the rational-comprehensive theory of policymaking, it concludes that, even as policymaking is estranged by malicious contestations through soft or hard power from competing forces with undemocratic claims over rights and resources, the Marxian political economy perspective and rational-comprehensive model can dependably ensure the region’s equitable development rather than underdevelopment.
Interaction of micro-fluid structure in a pressure-driven duct flow with a nearby placed current-carrying wire: A numerical investigation
Authors: Bian Hua , Ali Kashif , Ahmad Sohail , Bashir Hina , Jamshed Wasim , Irshad Kashif , Al Mesfer Mohammed K. , Danish Mohd , El Din Sayed M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
High population density in major cities has led to compact designs of residential multi-story buildings. Consequently, it is a natural choice of the architects to suggest the location of high-voltage wires close to the ducts with contaminated air. This observation results in the motivation for this study, i.e., the understanding of the complicated interaction of the Lorentz force (due to the current-carrying wire) with the micropolar flow in the vertical direction in the duct, with polluted air (containing dust particles) being modeled as a micropolar fluid, which is driven by some external pressure gradient. Therefore, this study focuses on an incompressible and electrically conducting micropolar fluid flow through a rectangular vertical duct, in the presence of a current-carrying wire placed outside the flow regime. The governing equations, after being translated into a dimensionless form, are solved numerically using a finite volume approach. The velocity, microrotation, and temperature fields thus obtained are examined. It has been noted that the strong magnetic force caused by the wire may distort the flow symmetry and slows down the flow. Furthermore, in the absence of wire, particles spinning in clockwise and counter-clockwise directions occupy the same amount of space in the duct, thus incorporating a sort of equilibrium in the duct. However, the imposed variable magnetic field adds to the spinning of particles in one part of the duct, while simultaneously suppressing it in the other region.
What modes can and cannot do: Affordance in Gunther Kress’s theory of sign making
Authors: Bezemer Jeff 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a conceptual analysis and critical review of the notion of ‘affordance’ and its uptake, transformation and application in the work of Gunther Kress. It traces its origins and explores how Kress, co-founder of social semiotics, (re)conceptualised affordance and incorporated it in his social semiotic theory of sign making, defining affordance in terms of the “potentials and limitations of specific modes”. The paper discusses how his take on the term was received, and develops a radical critique questioning the analytical merits of affordance. It concludes with a call for a return to Kress’s original question of exactly what it is about a form (signifier) that makes it suitable, in the eyes of the sign maker, for what they want to express (signified), and to consider materiality and social convention alongside the sign maker’s lifeworld, audience, situation, and conditions of sign making.
Research on the Fracture Behavior of Ultra-fine Dredged Sand Concrete Based on the Microstructure Characteristics
Authors: Jia Yiheng , Bu Jingwu , Xu Huiying , Chen Qinghua , Che Qingchen , Li Zhenxing , Song Dalai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The dredged sand generated by the dredging projects has been abandoned and reclaimed from designated areas. It meets the requirements of environmental construction and resource utilization, if the dredging sand can be used as building material in construction. In order to investigate the fracture behavior of dredged sand concrete, five kinds of concrete with different dredged sand replacements (0 %, 12.5 %, 25 %, 37.5 %, 50 %) were designed in this article. Three-point bending fracture tests were carried out on the concrete. The test results show that with the increase of dredged sand replacement, the initiation load, peak load, fracture toughness, and fracture energy first decrease and then increase. Computerized tomography scan and mercury intrusion porosimetry tests show that with the increase of dredged sand replacements, the porosity, pore volume, and pore surface area increase first and then decrease. Dredged sand can improve the pore structure, increase the compactness of concrete, and improve the fracture behavior of concrete. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction tests show that dredged sand mainly plays the role of physical filling, and proper dredged sand can improve the compactness of concrete.
Prostatektomi sonrası üriner inkontinansı olan bireylerde semptom şiddeti ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi, cinsel işlev ve yaşam kalitesinin ilişkisi
Authors: KILINÇ Neyzar , YILDIZHAN Mehmet , TOPRAK ÇELENAY Şeyda 
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, prostatektomi sonrası üriner inkontinansı (Üİ) olan bireylerde semptom şiddeti ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi, cinsel işlev ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemekti.
Yöntem: Prostatektomi sonrası Üİ tanısı olan 43 birey (yaş: 66,67±5,18 yıl; vücut kütle indeksi: 29,17±3,64 kg/m2) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların fiziksel, demografik ve klinik özellikleri kaydedildi. Bireylerin Üİ şiddeti Uluslararası İnkontinans Konsultasyon Anketi-Kısa Formu (ICIQ-SF) ile, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu (IPAQ-7) ile, cinsel işlevi Uluslararası Cinsel İşlev İndeksi-5 Formu (IIEF-5) ile, yaşam kalitesi King Sağlık Anketi (KSA) ile değerlendirildi. Analiz için Spearman korelasyon testi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: ICIQ-SF değeri ile IPAQ-7 değeri arasında orta düzeyde ve negatif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edildi (r=-0,606; p0,05). ICIQ-SF değeri ile KSA arasında sırasıyla; genel sağlık (r=0,441; p=0,002), rol limitasyonu (r=0,485; p=0,001), fiziksel limitasyon (r=0,577; p
Compliment Response Strategies in Institutional Discourse within an Emirati Context: Focus on Power and Gender Differences in University Student-Professor Exchanges in English
Authors: Deveci Tanju 
Published: November 2023

Background: Context plays a significant role in effective communication. Among various aspects of context, culture is particularly important since it necessitates that language be used effectively so that a specific purpose can be achieved successfully. One key element of such communication is the effective use of speech acts including compliment and compliment responses (CR).
Aim: This research aimed to identify the CR strategies produced by Emirati users of English in a university setting, as a response to a compliment received from an international professor on their academic performance and the psychological effect such a compliment is likely to have on them. It also investigated the influence of gender on CR strategies.
Methodology: The data were collected using a discourse completion task. Fifty-eight students (33 male and 25 female) participated in the study. The CR strategies were analyzed using Holmes' (1988) classification scheme.
Results: The results showed that a compliment from a professor, irrespective of his/her gender, would make the students happy, with positive effects on their motivation, self-confidence, and feeling of closeness to the professor. The students also thought a CR was necessary for politeness purposes. The most commonly used CR strategy was that of acceptance. The male and the female students produced similar CR strategies in responding to the professor, irrespective of his/her gender. Yet they were more likely to use micro-level strategies (e.g., appreciation token, comment, and promise) with the male professor. The students also used downgrading and disagreeing but only while responding to the male professor. In their conversation with the female professor, they used the strategies of shifting credit and requesting reassurance.
Significance: These results provide evidence for the face-enhancing nature of CR strategies as utilized by Emirati users of English with international faculty in a university setting.
What Can Count As Critical Academic Literacy Education?
Authors: Tentolouris Filippos 
Published: November 2023

Background and Purpose: The issue of what can count as “critical” in relation to academic literacy education has not been discussed in detail in relative review studies. Therefore, this opinion article aims to contribute to this issue by exploring the question whether a field of academic literacy education can be underpinned.
Approach: First, I revisit some models of academic literacy education (rhetorical models of critical consciousness, models of critical language awareness, genre-based models, multiliteracies, ethnographic-based academic literacies) which have been considered as “critical” in taxonomies of these review studies. Then, I compare these models showing their similarities and differences regarding what is “critical” and how it is situated within academic literacy education.
Conclusion: Finally, I argue that since there are contrasting conceptualisations among these models in relation to what is “critical” and how it can be associated with academic literacy education, critical academic literacy education can count as a relativist and not a unified field.
Weaving Strong Relationships Within Roma Women Associations to Overcome Violence Against Women
Authors: Valls Rosa , Martínez Alejandro , Amador Jelen 
Published: November 2023

Cultural relationships shape individuals’ response towards some of the most pressing challenges, such as the urgent one of tacking violence against women. In this sense, women from ethnic minorities have to face more systemic barriers in accessing care and protection services for victims of gender violence. Despite the progress made in recent years, the official circuits continue to be far from the Roma reality. In this research, authors explore the key role played by two Romani women association in fulfilling this gap. Through the communicative methodology this research bridges together participants’ and scientific knowledge in a co-creation process to illustrate how, despite systemic barriers, two Romani women associations are working to prevent and overcome violence against women. The findings of this research warn of the impact of training in gender violence for Roma women, accompaniment and counselling for victims, to overcome the problem by strengthening intercultural relationships. Thus, the article analyzes the bridging work of those Roma associations and identifies how they are contributing to closing the gap between Roma women who had suffered gender violence and the institutions. How these two Roma-women associations counteract the under-representation of Roma identity in official services is also discussed.