bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Crusht the two between crownes”
Authors: Johnson Richard R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A few years before his death, in a last letter to Canada’s Governor Vaudreuil, John Nelson sought permission to trade once more with French Acadia. Thereby, he noted, “I might in some measure repaire my family in the great losses I have sustained, being so long a time as it were Crusht between the two Crownes. “1 Nelson was not a man given to lamentation or reflection: active, open, and direct, he displayed none of the anxious concern of a Cotton Mather or a Samuel Sewall for his own or his society’s place in history. Yet his words, with their depiction of personal endeavor storm-tossed by larger forces, come close to encapsulating his life’s central theme-the search for accommodation and response to the clash of emerging European empires in the North Atlantic world.
Martin Luther King: Authorship and Ideas
Authors: King Richard H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nice as it would be to argue otherwise, Martin Luther King was not a political thinker of any great distinction. As mentioned, King at one time considered a career in teaching and writing, but once he became the public figure he felt called to be, he lacked, above all, the time to explore and meditate upon the political events he helped to precipitate and then shape. For this reason alone, his thought lacked the depth or complexity we expect from a thinker of the first order.
The “Wonder City”
Authors: Tick Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Crawford arrived in Chicago on September 8, 1921, to make her musical fortune. Just as her mother had homesteaded the hills of Colorado fifty years earlier, she would prove her own claim in the third largest city in the world. With a population of about three million, the “Metropolis of the West” was six times larger than Jacksonville. Clara called Chicago “advanced!”
"A Career or Life?”
Authors: Tick Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the years that Ruth Crawford reflected on the soul of sound, Charles Ives wrote that a “good dissonance is like a man;’ Was it by accident or design that Crawford’s spiritual concept of dissonance eluded the sexual aesthetics he and many others presumed? She began her career in music at a time when American writers decried the “feminization” of classical music, spoke approvingly of a “distinguishing virility” as a hallmark of achievement for her generation, continued to debate the potential of the “woman composer;’ and entertained the possibility that the “emotional life of Woman” was “antagonistic to the creative process in music;”!
One West 68th Street
Authors: Tick Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On September 5, 1929, Crawford arrived in New York and moved into Blanche Walton’s spacious corner flat in a small apartment building on 1 West 68th Street. The guest bedroom overlooked Central Park, where be yond the grove of trees and shrubs bordering the avenue lay the green expanse of the Sheep Meadow, outlined by the hazy skyline of the East Side. The weather was pleasantly warm; indoors it was quiet unless there was music or talk about music. A new Steinway “Model B” ruled the sitting room.
"In Europe One Can Work!”
Authors: Tick Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Crawford arrived at Southampton, England, on August 26, 1930, after an uneventful passage across the Atlantic. In London she visited Curwen Publishers, who looked at her scores but did not commit. Then off she went to Liege, Belgium, for the eighth International Festival of Contemporary Music, running from September 1 to 6.
Homecoming
Authors: Tick Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I am racing after you;” Crawford wrote to Seeger on the train to London, October 27, 1931. She and her new friend, Margaret Valiant, waited as the Red Star pulled into port on the clear, cold morning of November 10. Charles was there, and Margaret watched “these two people[who] saw only each other” be reunited: Ruth, the “most completely natural person I ever met:’ and an older gentleman in a dark coat and derby, wearing a pair of pince-nez glasses attached to his person by a thin black ribbon. He did not strike her as a “totally romantic figure in the popular eye:”
"Composing Babies”
Authors: Tick Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Family. Home. Such magic words for Ruth Crawford, who had waited so long to have children. As a thirteen-year old girl, she had envisioned her self sitting on the porch of a Florida bungalow, singing to her children. At twenty, she joked about having thirty-five children to send to the American Conservatory of Music. At twenty-nine she was in Berlin, and like many women who stand at the threshold of motherhood after years of deferring, she let herself see what had been there all along: a world of baby carriages. On her thirtieth birthday in Paris, she was with the man she hoped would be the father of her children. In December 1932, one month after she married Charles Seeger, she became pregnant. An elated Crawford wrote Nicolas Slonimsky (responding to his request for biographical information) in a postscript about her new life: “and of course-my marriage. That is more important than all these two pages[of career data] put together.” Five years later, she was the mother of three children. Looking back on this period in her life, Crawford acknowledged the time and energy mothering demanded, and said that she was “composing babies.”
Dio's Circus
Authors: Tick Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I am running a four-ring circus-school teaching, private teaching, books, and four children of my own,” Ruth wrote in 1946. This was what she wanted, for she meant what she said to Peggy over and over--that she al ways wanted children. In 1943 when she was forty-two and Charles was fifty-seven, they had their fourth child. Her friends at the arch,ve, who saw her frequently with one to three of the other children in tow, W( re surprised. “She’s pregnant again?” Harold Spivacke asked Rae Korson at the Archive of American Folk Song. “She can’t be. She’s too old.” But the baby was wanted, perhaps more by Ruth than Charles. This time she chose her third daughter’s name, balking at any more reminders of her husband’s previous girlfriends.
The Crisis of Liberalism and the Emergence of Cultural Science, 1862-1885
Authors: Smith Woodruff D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The failure of the 1848 revolution did not lead to a permanent decline of liberalism in Germany, nor can it easily be shown (contrary to what many historians used to believe) that the collapse of the revolution infected the liberal movement with germs that would later weaken it beyond recovery.1 Liberalism in Germany in fact recovered its strength after less than a decade, and although it was a changed liberalism, it was in most ways a stronger, more realistic, and more effective political movement than ever before. Taking advantage of the wealth-based franchise system established under the new Prussian constitution and the shift of income that occurred during the economic expansion of the 1850s, the Prussian liberals gained control of the House of Deputies by the end of the decade. By 1862, they had engaged the Prussian government in a constitutional struggle that had the potential for producing responsible representative government. Liberal resurgences had also occurred in other states. Although some of the intellectual leaders of liberalism, especially radicals, had left Germany or became politically inactive, there was a compensation in the attraction that restored liberalism had for large numbers of students and young academics in the 1850s and 1860s.
Völkerpsychologie
Authors: Smith Woodruff D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Most of the cultural sciences examined in this study still exist, even if the theoretical patterns connected with them have changed. Volkerpsychologie is dead. It did not, in any real sense, survive the 1920s, and it never achieved full recognition as an independent discipline outside of the German-speaking countries. Even in its heyday, during the last third of the nineteenth century, it was rather difficult to separate its central concerns from those of cultural anthropology as that discipline was defining itself. Nevertheless, German Volkerpsychologie was widely respected, if not imitated, among cultural scientists throughout the world.
Tests of Released Time
Authors: Cohen Naomi W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As the nation moved with scant respite from a hot war into a cold war, religious educators trained their sights increasingly on the public school. Many concluded that a pervasive godlessness infected the schools; it contributed to the spiritual void that was exposed by America’s ongoing battle against totalitarianism, and it dangerously undercut the defense of democratic life. The charge was not a new one in American history. In 1845 a religious group in New Jersey had warned that the “race of irreligious and infidel youth, such as may be expected to issue from public schools, deteriorating more and more with the revolving years, will not be fit to sustain our free institutions. ”
Chicago
Authors: Crunden Robert M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In contrast to Philadelphia, where modernists discovered their work and each other most often within educational institutions, in Chicago they found only the most marginal institutions helpful. Chicago modernism had only three outlets: the Friday Literary Review, Poetry, and the Little Review. The first paid its contributors in books and its staff scarcely a subsistence wage; the second paid nominal sums for contributions and relied chiefly on subsidies for capital; and the third became something of a legend even in bohemia for its fiscal marginality. In Chicago, an artist needed commissions, an outside job, or a rich mate.
Mabel Dodge
Authors: Crunden Robert M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Unlike Alfred Stieglitz, Mabel Dodge was no artist, nor was she European in her cultural roots. Yet in terms of the origins of her attitudes and her impact on New York cultural life, at least a few of the qualities of her early life were similar to those which motivated Stieglitz to become a collector of people who were pioneering modernist cultural attitudes. Born Mabel Ganson, she had grown up in an environment that seemed dominated by three themes: the philistinism of Buffalo and its expression in her family; the problem of being a woman in a society where women had little they could do outside the home; and the sheer boredom of having plenty of money and material possessions and nothing compelling to do.
Prenatal and Newborn Screening: State Legislative Approaches and Current Practice Standards
Authors: Acuff Katherine L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Any efforts to screen pregnant women and newborns for HIV do not occur in a vacuum but in the context of current screening practices. This chapter focuses on two ways that large-scale screening efforts can be and have been established. First, it examines legislatively established screening programs to determine whether HIV screening can be accommodated under existing authority. Because screening is a state issue, there is a great degree of variability in the answer to this question. No recommendation are made on advisability of a legislative approach to HIV screening, however, beyond an insistence that any screening program for HIV be wholly voluntary.
Screening Newborns for HIV: Ethical and Legal Aspects
Authors: Faden Ruth R , Areen Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The chapter is divided into three sections. The first part provides an overview of the legal context for HIV screening of newborns. Specific legal issues raised by both mandatory and parental consent programs are examined. The second part presents a moral justification of parental consent requirements, as well as an analysis of the conditions under which it is morally permissible to override or bypass such requirements in medical and public health contexts.
Informed Consent in the Context of Prenatal HIV Screening
Authors: Geller Gail , Kass Nancy E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As discussed in Chapters 1, 10, and 11, many issues about the moral acceptability of screening programs concern autonomy-related rights and obligations, such as the right of patients to refuse medical interventions and the obligation of providers to solicit informed consent prior to the implementation of such interventions. In designing screening policies, the burden of moral justification rests on those who would compromise these autonomy-related rights.
HIV Infection, Pregnant Women, and Newborns: A Policy Proposal for Information and Testing
Authors: Faden Ruth R , Geller Gail , Powers Madison , Acuff Katherine , Allen Anita , Areen Judith , Hutton Nancy , Johnson Timothy , Kass Nancy , King Patricia , Modlin John , Repke John , Saah Alfred , Walters Leroy , Wissow Lawrence S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this volume we have analyzed the numerous moral, legal, and policy issues raised by the prospect of screening and testing pregnant women and newborns for evidence of HIV infection. We have examined historical precedents for screening, as well as the current medical and public health contexts. In this chapter, we put forward a policy proposal for pregnant women and newborns based on the analyses and arguments presented in earlier chapters. Specifically, this chapter presents a detailed 10-point program of policy recommendations for both pregnant women and newborns, and develops its rationale through the examination of potential objections and criticisms. We conclude with a discussion of how our recommendations should change with advances in diagnostic technologies and medical management.
Epilogue: Blue
Authors: Rorabaugh W J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One morning in Berkeley in the spring of 1970, just a few months after I had moved to the city, my clock radio clicked and on came the CBS News. Lying in bed, I heard the newscaster report on President Richard Nixon’s announcement, the evening before, of the American military invasion of Cambodia. “What!” I shouted, as I bounded out of bed. Adrenalin flowed. It took some time for me to realize that Nixon’s secret invasion, by the very nature of its secrecy, could not be major, since no great event can be a secret in modern America.
Language and the Brain
Authors: Corballis Michael C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As The Above Quotation from Noam Chomsky illustrates, it is widely believed that the uniquely human gift of language is due to some special property of the left side (or hemisphere) of the human brain as though a right-handed God had reached down and touched humans with some magic wand on the left temple. The evidence for the special role of the left hemisphere came in the first instance not from scripture but from the study of patients suffering damage to the brain. And although the predominance of the right hand has long been observed, the asymmetry of the brain was not discovered until well into the nineteenth century.
The Generative Mind
Authors: Corballis Michael C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In This Chapter we reach the crux of my argument for a discontinuity between humans and other species. In Chapter 8, I argued that the left hemispheres of most humans are specialized for what I have called praxis. This may not be unique to humans, although we have almost certainly developed praxic skills to a level well beyond that reached by other animals. In this chapter I will focus on the way we represent things in our minds, and argue that out of praxis there has emerged a special form of representation whose most important property is generativity. This form of representation, I suggest, is unique to humans.
The Duality of the Brain
Authors: Corballis Michael C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The theme of the book was that the two sides of the brain function as separate “minds,” each with its own consciousness. The idea was not entirely new, and indeed, there has long been fascination with the fact that the brain is essentially duplicated, in mirror-image fashion, about its midline. Wigan gave the idea vivid expression, however, by providing examples of what he saw as a corresponding duality of mind. The theme is one that has persisted, in various guises, to the present day.
The Plastic Brain
Authors: Corballis Michael C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
So Far, My Argument for a discontinuity between humans and other animals has rested on functions normally associated with the left side of the human brain. The most notable of these is language, whose properties of generativity and open-endedness seem to be unique to humans. Chapter 9 suggested that we may also use a left hemispheric, generative mode to represent shapes, derived from the fact that we live in an ever-changing sea of manufactured objects. Manufacture is itself relentlessly generative, to the point where it has taken over the human environment and increased our ability to know and recognize the objects around us.
Conclusions
Authors: Corballis Michael C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Hominid Line diverged from the apes somewhere between 4 and 8 million years ago. Genetically speaking, we remain very close to our nearest ape relative, the chimpanzee. Yet on the face of it we are very different. Even in terms of gross physical characteristics, chimpanzees resemble gorillas more than they resemble humans, though the molecular evidence suggests that they are closer to humans. And where humans are expansive creatures who have populated the globe-overpopulated it, perhaps-chimpanzees are an endangered species drawn to ever-shrinking habitats.
Population II: Extensions of Stable Theory
Authors: Carey James R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Pollack (1986) lists three different categories for questions regarding the two sexes. These are i) sexual reproduction; ii) sex ratio at birth; and iii) demography’s two-sex problem, i.e., the population consequences of sex specific birth, death, and mating. The concern here is with the last category of questions concerning the demographic implications of sex-specific differences in vital rates. The major books and papers addressing the two-sex problem in demography include those by Karmel (1948), Kendall (1949), Goodman (1953), Pollard (1973), Charlesworth (1980), Charnov (1982), Pollak (1986, 1987), and Caswell (1989).
A General Theory of Sentence Structure, Finiteness, and Nominative Case
Authors: Holmberg Anders , Platzack Christer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter we will propose a general theory of sentence structure, finiteness and nominative Case licensing, which will provide the necessary theoretical background for our study of the syntactic role played by subject-verb agreement within the Scandinavian languages, presented in chapters three to five below. We suggest that there are, universally speaking, two kinds of languages with respect to abstract features for tense and finiteness: languages where the abstract features for finiteness and tense are both generated under the same functional head, and languages where these features are generated under different functional heads. Following Pollock (1989) we assume that finite and non-finite clauses are distinguished by different values of an abstract finiteness feature Consider the discussion in section 1.2.5. Languages may differ with respect to the position of [+F] and [-F]: we will concentrate on the properties of finite clauses, i.e. clauses where some functional head is marked [+F]. The feature [+F] is not only an abstract marker for finiteness, it also has a crucial role to play with respect to nominative Case, as noticed in section 1.3. above; we will argue below that every occurrence of nominative Case must be governed, directly or indirectly, by the head marked with this feature.
Conclusions
Authors: Holmberg Anders , Platzack Christer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book has focused on a number of syntactic differences between primarily two groups of Scandinavian languages: the Insular Scandinavian (ISc.) languages, i.e. Icelandic, Faroese, and Old Scandinavian, and the Mainland Scandinavian (MSc.) languages, i.e. modern Swedish, Danish, and Norwegian. We have shown that these differences can all be related to two parameters of variation concerning the system of inflections, one concerning subject-verb agreement, and the other concerning case. First, the ISc. languages have a category Agr in 1°, and furthermore “strong” Agr, that is Agr with nominative case, while the MSc. languages have no Agr. Second, the ISc. languages have morphological case (m case), while the MSc. languages have no m-case, except with pronouns. However, since Faroese has “weak” m-case it patterns with the MSc. languages with regard to several properties which depend on m-case.
Why Social Science Needs Psychoanalysis: From Weber To Freud
Authors: Loewenberg Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
No choice of subject, in conversation, in psychotherapy, and certainly in the discourse of the political and social sciences, is random or accidental. Each researcher and reader is attracted by specific themes, conflicts, and achievements of their subject. Every social scientist has an implicit theory of psychology and motivation; some theories are limited to common sense and proximate causes of specific decisions, others to rational interest models of politics. The best researchers struggle for the deepest possible understanding of the inner life of their subjects interwoven with the con text of the development of historical and cultural processes. The issue is whether the psychological model is conscious and explicit or unconscious and unexamined, whether it is adequate to its task, whether it is complex and rich enough to give a satisfying explanation of life.
The Creation Of A Scientific Community: The Burgholzli, 1902-1914
Authors: Loewenberg Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cultural creativity is our most precious possession as a civilization. We need originality in ideas and techniques and wish to nourish it in our institutions. Creativity has been extensively studied in biography and often convincingly located in the development of individuals. But very few, if any, cases of creativity are in isolation. All creations are in a political, social, cultural, and group context. Every author writes for someone, in fantasy or reality, some first reader or first viewer or listener whose re sponse matters. Creative artists, painters, and musicians all compose for an audience. Scientists research and publish with specific peers in mind. Creativity is a psychological function of real or fantasied groups.
Gladstone, Sin, And The Bulgarian Horrors
Authors: Loewenberg Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Psychoanalysis has a lesson, not only for historians but for the world: an individual is an integral unity-is all of a piece on many levels of consciousness that dynamically interact. This is not merely a statement of conviction, it is demonstrable with great clinical intensity, and it is equally evident in the empirical study of history.1 Whereas the psycho analyst has the richness of a daily interaction, the historian has the context and longitudinal picture of a life.
Karl Renner And The Politics Of Accommodation: Moderationversus Revenge
Authors: Loewenberg Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Karl Renner’s political life transcends the history of Austria’s empire and its two twentieth-century republics, making him the foremost leader of Austrian democratic politics. Renner was also the most innovative theoretician on the nationalities question that plagued the Habsburg monarchy and the twentieth-century world. He was chancellor of Aus tria’s first republic, leader of the right-wing Social Democrats, and president of the post-World War Two second republic. A study of his life and politics offers a perspective into the origins of the moderate, adaptive, political personality and a study of the tension between ideology and accommodation to the point where it is difficult to determine what core of principle remained.