bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Marco Nopal: Un Marco Heurístico para Entender el Racismo en el Contexto de México
Authors: Borja Sharon , De La Cruz Pedro Isnardo 
Published: December 2023

The issue of racism in Mexico has been marked by sporadic attention and a lack of sustained and thorough research. In addition, the literature has largely neglected the concept of the embodiment of racism, a critical dimension that explores how systemic inequalities manifest themselves in tangible physiological and psychological outcomes. This gap not only limits our understanding of the multiple impacts of racism, but also hinders the development of comprehensive social and health policy interventions to address its harms. Drawing on the nopal metaphor, deeply rooted in Mexican culture, the framework examines racism through three key dimensions: overt everyday racism ("Racismo Cotidiano y Visible"), systemic racism ("Racismo Sistémico"), and the embodied experience of racism ("Racismo Encarnado"). Using one approach, the framework serves as a roadmap for a wide range of research questions and methodologies. Importantly, it emphasizes the need for participatory research, based on the universe of communities under study and intervention, to ensure culturally sensitive and directly applicable results. The nopal framework aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the complexities of racism in Mexico, offering avenues for empirical studies and interventions with community participation.
El tema del racismo en México ha estado marcado por una atención esporádica y una falta de investigación sostenida y exhaustiva. Además, la literatura ha descuidado en gran medida el concepto de encarnación del racismo, una dimensión crítica que explora cómo las desigualdades sistémicas se manifiestan en resultados fisiológicos y psicológicos tangibles. Esta brecha no solo limita nuestra comprensión de los múltiples impactos del racismo, sino que también obstaculiza el desarrollo de intervenciones integrales de políticas sociales y de salud para abordar sus daños. Basándose en la metáfora del nopal, profundamente arraigada en la cultura mexicana, el marco examina el racismo a través de tres dimensiones clave: el racismo cotidiano abierto (“Racismo Cotidiano y Visible”), el racismo sistémico (“Racismo Sistémico”) y la experiencia encarnada de racismo (“Racismo Encarnado”). Utilizando un enfoque interdisciplinario, el marco sirve como hoja de ruta para una amplia gama de preguntas y metodologías de investigación. Es importante destacar que enfatiza la necesidad de una investigación participativa, basada en el universo de comunidades objeto de estudio e intervención, para garantizar resultados culturalmente sensibles y directamente aplicables. El marco nopal tiene como objetivo proporcionar una comprensión matizada de las complejidades del racismo en México, ofreciendo vías para estudios empíricos e intervenciones con participación comunitaria.
Analisis Kesalahan Nahwu dalam Membaca Teks Arab Gundul Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Angkatan 2019 Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang
Authors: Fauziah Yasmin Laila , Kusni Nikmatullah , Nasrullah Nasrullah 
Published: December 2023

Kunci utama dalam membaca teks bahasa arab dengan baik dan benar yaitu harus menguasai kaidah ilmu nahwu. Jika seseorang telah memahami ilmu nahwu maka tidak akan terjadi kesalahan harkat, kedudukan, dan maknanya,dan jika seseorang salah harkat dalam membaca teks berbahasa arab maka,akibatnya akan menimbulkan kesalahan makna dan menimbulkan arti yang berbeda. Ilmu nahwu dan teks Bahasa Arab gundul sangatlah berkaitan, ilmu nahwu adalah ilmu untuk mengetahui posisi kata dalam suatu kalimat dan perubahan vokal terakhir suatu kata dan dalam qowaid yang digunakan di dalamnya bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk Bahasa Arab dalam suatu kalimat. Sedangkan Arab gundul merupakan tatanan kata-kata Bahasa Arab yang tidak memiliki harokat atau syakl, maka dapat kita pahami bahwa penguasaan ilmu nahwu merupakan suatu syarat untuk bisa membaca dan memahami teks Arab gundul, Oleh karena itu, peneliti merasa perlu untuk meneliti dan menganalisis lebih lanjut mengenai “Analisis Kesalahan Nahwu dalam Membaca Teks Arab Gundul Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang” Penelitian ini difokuskan pada analisis kesalahan Nahwu dimana mahasiswa diberikan teks Arab gundul kemudian dibaca dan hasilnya akan dianalisis dimana saja letak kesalahan nahwu serta faktor internal maupun eksternal mahasiswa pendidikan bahasa arab dari kesalahan dalam membaca teks Arab gundul, Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian deskriptif. Adapun teori yang digunakan adalah teori Ellis: mengumpulkan kesalahan, mengidentifikasi kesalahan, menjelaskan kesalahan, mengklasifikasi kesalahan, dan mengevaluasi kesalahan menggunakan metode wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini ialah: 1). Bentuk-bentuk kesalahan nahwu terjadi pada kaidah ‘Amil nawasikh, Idhofah, Athof, Jar majrur dan Na’at man’ut. 2). Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kesalahan nahwu dalam membaca teks arab gundul yaitu: Kurangnya pemahaman terhadap kaidah ilmu nahwu, kurangnya peraktek dalam membaca kitab, kurangnya percaya diri dan takut salah, kurang mufrodat, kurang minat sampai kurang kondusif ketika belajar kaidah nahwu.
At tilhøre mindretal og flertal
Authors: Andresen Jens 
Published: December 2023

I denne erindringsartikel fortæller Jens Andresen sin historie som grænselandsmenneske. Han er født og opvokset i Sydslesvig som en del af det danske mindretal; uddannet i Danmark og bosat i Løgumkloster-området siden begyndelsen af 1970'erne. Jens Andresen har gennem mange år været valgt til amtsrådet i Sønderjylland og senere til regionsrådet. Gennem næsten 20 år har han været medlem af Grænseforeningens hovedstyrelse, og var 2016-2020 foreningens formand. I denne artikel reflekterer han over sit liv, og om skiftet fra at være en del af et mindretal til at blive en del af flertallet, og om dansk-tysk samarbejde ved grænsen.
The Effect of Financial Performance and Capital Structure on Company Value With Company Size as a Moderation Variable
Authors: Utami Siska Widia 
Published: December 2023

Aims: This study aims to analyze the effect of financial performance and capital structure on firm value with firm size as a moderating variable.
Research Contribution: can provide information to companies about the factors that influence company value so that companies can increase company value so that they can influence the perceptions of investors and potential investors towards the company.
Study Design: The method used is quantitative research with secondary data taken from the company's financial statements with data collection techniques using purposive sampling.
Place and Duration of Study: The population in this study are manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2019-2021.
Methodology: The data analysis used is moderated regression analysis (MRA).
Result:The results of this study indicate that: (1) Financial performance has no effect on firm value. (2) Capital structure has no effect on firm value. (3) Firm size has no effect on firm value. (4) Firm size is unable to moderate the effect of financial performance on firm value. (5) Firm size is able to moderate the effect of capital structure on firm value.
Research Limitations: (1) the proxy used to measure financial performance only uses net profit margin, (2) the proxy used to measure capital structure only uses the debt to equity ratio, (3) the research object only focuses on manufacturing companies in the goods industry sector consumption is listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange with an observation period of only three (3) years
Efficacy of Certain Insecticides and Neem Products against Shoot and Fruit Borer [Earias vittella (Fabricius)] of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
Authors: Rohith Paila , Tayde Anoorag Rajnikant , Chandar Ashok Sakharam , Divya Reguri 
Published: December 2023

A field trial was conducted at the research plot at Central Research Farm (CRF), Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, during the Rabi Season of 2022-2023 where eight treatments were replicated thrice in Randomized Block Design (RBD) Eight treatments i.e., Lambda cyhalothrin 2.5% EC @ 0.3ml/lit, Emamectin benzoate 5% SG @0.5ml/lit ,Spinosad 45%SC@1.3 ml/lit, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5%SC @0.5 ml/lit, Imidacloprid 17.80%SL @0.5ml/lit, Azadirachtin 1% EC @ 10ml/lit, NSKE 5% @ 50 ml/lit and untreated Control. The data on the percent infestation of the shoot and fruit borer on okra third, seven and fourth day after spray reveal that all the insecticides and neem products were significantly superior over control. Among all the different treatments lowest shoot and fruit infestation of okra was recorded in Chlorantraniliprole (10.21% ,9.98%) followed by Emamectin benzoate 5%SG (11.45%, 12.29%), Spinosad 45%SC (13.86%, 14.11%), Imidacloprid 17.80% SL (16.94,15.87%), Lambda cyhalothrin 2.5%EC (17.83, 16.03%), Azadirachtin 1% EC (19.25%, 17.04%) and NSKE 5% (20.35%, 18.75%), control (24.84%, 25.98%). The yields among the treatment were significant. The yield and benefit cost ratio was recorded in Chlorantraniliprole 18.5SC (195.5 q/ha) (1:9.3) followed by Emamectin benzoate 5% SG (149.2q/ha), (1:8.2), Spinosad 45 % SC (140.2q/ha), (1:8.11), Imidacloprid 17.80SL (136.3q/ha), (1:7.9), Lambda cychalothrin 2.5 EC (133.2q/ha), (1:7.6), Azadirachtin 1% (96.3q/ha) (1:5.5) and NSKE 5% (92.4q/ha) (1:5.2) as compared to, control (72.2q/ha), (1:4.2).
Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on the Population Dynamics of Soil Microorganisms in Tea Rhizosphere at Kericho, Kenya
Authors: Mutai Caroline C. , Mwamburi Lizzy A. , Kipsumbai Pixley K. 
Published: December 2023

Aim: The long-term cultivation of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) alters microorganism communities in the rhizosphere; it can increase saprotrophs, pathogenic microorganisms and reduce symbiotrophs. Fertilizers are sources of plant essential nutrients and can influence the activity and population of soil microorganisms. This study aimed to determine the effect of fertilization regimes on the population dynamics of soil microorganisms in the tea rhizosphere for its management.
Place and Duration: The study was carried out at the Tea Research Institute, Kericho, Kenya during the dry (February-March) and wet season (June-July).
Methodology: Two main fertilizer types; organic (Phymix) and inorganic (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium- NPK) and foliar fertilizer (Tecamin Max, Tecnokel Amino Mix) as sub treatments application at the rate of 0, 75 and 150 kg N ha-1), were applied in four replications. Sampling of soil was done before treatment application, during the dry season (February-March) and the wet season (June-July). The fungal and bacterial populations for both seasons were characterized. The data collected was analyzed using SAS (version 9) Statistical Software.
Results: The study showed that the fungal colony units varied significantly (P≤0.05) between the types of fertilizer both during dry and rainy season. The interactions of fertilizer type and rate also varied significantly (P≤0.05) for fungal populations during both seasons. No significant variation was noted for the bacterial population (cfu) for both seasons regardless of fertilizer type and rates. The fungi identified included; Cylindrocarpon spp., Trichoderma spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp. Colletotrichum spp., Pestalotiopsis spp., and Fusarium spp. The bacteria included; Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., Rhizobium spp., and Xanthomonas spp.
Conclusion: Organic fertilizer increased fungal populations significantly, an indication of enhanced soil health and may be recommended for use.
Influence of Natural Farming, Organic and Inorganic Systems of Nutrition on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Singh Tejender , Kumari Priyanka , Ravinder  , Shobhit  
Published: December 2023

A field experiment entitled “influence of natural farming, organic and inorganic systems of nutrition on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” was conducted at Research Farm of School of Agriculture, Abhilashi University, Mandi (H.P.) during Rabi season (2021-2022). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications, consisting of six nutrient management treatments. Results of study revealed that inorganic and integrated nutrient management (FYM @ 5 ton ha-1 + 50 percent recommended dose of fertilizers) treatments behaving alike resulted in better crop growth (plant height, shoot number and dry matter accumulation), yield attributes (number of effective tillers, spike length, number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight) and higher yield (grain and straw) compared to treatments comprised of farmer’s practice (FYM @ 2.5 ton ha-1 + 50 percent recommended dose of fertilizers), organic (FYM @ 10 ton ha-1 + Jeevamrit) and natural farming (Beejamrit +Jeevamrit + mulching) systems of nutrition.
Diesel Engine Emissions
Authors: Greim Helmut 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEmissions from Diesel engines contain several hundred chemical compounds, which are emitted partly as gas and partly as particles. The composition of Diesel exhaust and its concentrations in air have changed significantly over time, to the extent that now there is a distinction between “traditional” and “new technology” diesel emissions. This is important to recognize when evaluating epidemiology studies. New technology Diesel engines comply with emissions from EURO 3 vehicles and higher. Starting with EURO 5 a significant further reduction of particle emissions has been achieved by increased temperature, which however lead to increased emissions of NOxand exceeded the NO2emission limit. To overcome this problem some car manufacturers installed illegal software that detected the vehicle test bench operation, resulting in low emissions during the test cycle. Detection of such devices in 2015 led to the “Diesel scandal.” In 2017 the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test procedure (WLTP) was introduced for new cars, which simulates emissions under different driving conditions. It became mandatory for certification of all new vehicles by September 2018. In addition, fleet CO2emissions have been introduced for all cars, requiring that by 2020 95% of each manufacturer's passenger car must meet the CO2emission target of 95 mg/km, by 2021 100% of the fleet. All these regulations significantly reduced the emissions of Diesel and gasoline‐driven cars, which since the introduction of the EURO 6 regulation in 2014 are almost similar for both. Since the energy efficiency of Diesel motors is up to 20% higher than that of gasoline‐driven cars resulting in up to 20% lower CO2emission there is no reason to question the future use of Diesel engines. These regulations apply for new cars and sampling points close to streets with high traffic still exceed the limit values especially for NO2. In several cities, this led to restrictions for passenger cars of EURO 5 and below. Since concentrations close to streets are not relevant to evaluate the long‐term exposure of the population these measures are highly debatable. This chapter reviews the toxicology of Diesel exhaust and current regulatory requirements.
Cognitive and emotional predictors of quality of life and functioning after COVID‐19
Authors: Ariza Mar , Cano Neus , Segura Bàrbara , Bejar Javier , Barrué Cristian ,   NAUTILUS Project Collaborative Group, Cortés Claudio Ulises , Junqué Carme , Garolera Maite 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveA long‐term decline in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) has been reported after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Studies with people with persistent symptoms showed inconsistent outcomes. Cognition and emotion are important determinants in HRQoL, but few studies have examined their prognostic significance for HRQoL and functionality in post‐COVID patients with persisting symptoms. We aimed to describe QoL, HRQoL, and functioning in individuals post‐COVID with varying COVID‐19 severities and to investigate the predictive value of cognitive and emotional variables for QoL, HRQoL, and functioning.MethodsIn total, 492 participants (398 post‐COVID and 124 healthy controls) underwent a neurobehavioral examination that included assessments of cognition, mood, QoL/HRQoL (WHOQOL‐BREF, EQ‐5D), and functioning (WHODAS‐II). Analysis of covariance and linear regression models were used to study intergroup differences and the relationship between cognitive and emotional variables and QoL and functioning.ResultsThe Physical and Psychological dimensions of WHOQoL, EQ‐5D, and WHODAS Cognition, Mobility, Life Activities, and Participation dimensions were significantly lower in post‐COVID groups compared with a control group. Regression models explaining 23.9%–53.9% of variance were obtained for the WHOQoL‐BREF dimensions and EQ‐5D, with depressive symptoms, post‐COVID symptoms, employment status, income, and mental speed processing as main predictors. For the WHODAS, models explaining 17%–60.2% of the variance were obtained. Fatigue, depressive symptoms, mental speed processing, and post‐COVID symptoms were the main predictors.InterpretationQoL/HRQoL and functioning after COVID‐19 in individuals with persistent symptoms were lower than in non‐affected persons. Depressive symptoms, fatigue, and slower mental processing speed were predictors of lower QoL/HRQoL and functioning.
Semi‐Flexible Immunobrushes Facilitate Effective and Selective Expansion of Antigen‐Specific T Cells
Authors: Gerrits Lotte , Weiss Lea , Grad Emilia M. , Schluck Marjolein , Maassen Lisa , Classens René , Archidi Chadia , Verdoes Martijn , Figdor Carl G. , Kouwer Paul H. J. , Hammink Roel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdoptive T cell therapy (ACT) has achieved remarkable results in the treatment of cancer. Tumor‐antigen specific T cells are the main players in the clearance of cancerous cells, but generating large numbers is a major hurdle in clinical practice. One shortcoming of current expansion procedures is that the artificial presentation of T cell activating signals on rigid surfaces do not recapitulate the physiological presentation on a fluidic membrane. To address this, semi‐flexible poly(isocyanopeptide) (PIC) immunofilaments (IFs) are generated coated on micro‐sized magnetic beads (immunobrushes (IB)). IBs are functionalized with peptide‐loaded major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC, signal 1) and agonistic anti‐CD28 antibodies (αCD28, signal 2) to effectively expand and enrich antigen‐specific T cells. As a direct result of the immunobrush design, strong T cell activation and excellent tumor cell killing capacities are found. More importantly, high selectivity is demonstrated by strong expansion and enrichment of antigen‐specific T cells in a pool of non‐specific cells (93‐fold enrichment of antigen specific T cells in 7 days). The modular character of the immunobrush‐based strategy makes it a great platform for highly effective ACT‐based therapies.
“Kupffer Cell Teleportation” Strategy for Liver Fibrosis Alleviation Based on Hybrid Polymer‐ Bimetallic Sequential Delivery System
Authors: Qiu Zitong , Milichko Valentin A. , Zhou Yue , Jing Huaqing , Lu Qiang , Wang Haobo , Kang Bei , Wang Xinxing , Li Nan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough direct hepatic stellate cell (HSC) inhibition is considered a promising strategy for alleviating liver fibrosis, traditional therapies struggle with off‐target effects due to limited penetration of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell barriers. This study reports on the development of a “Kupffer cell (KC) teleportation” strategy to treat liver fibrosis by fabricating a hybrid polymer‐bimetallic sequential delivery system, CF@BPPM (baicalin prodrug polymer [BP]/mannose derivative polymer [PM] encapsulated copper [Cu]‐iron [Fe] ultrasmall nanoparticles [CFs]). The nanosystems exhibit KCs targeting and acidic response sequential release properties by a hybrid polymer, which first releases CFs in lysosome after being internalized by KCs through a PM targeting effect. The exposed CFs efficiently scavenge reactive oxygen species in KCs and subsequently degrade Cu2+/ Fe2+ to upregulate the heme oxygenase expression for suppressing interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, and platelet‐derived growth factors. Second, baicalin, released from BP in lysosome, further inhibits transforming growth factor beta secretion. These results suggest that CF@BPPM inhibits the inclusive cytokine secretion of KCs, which play a vital conductive role in liver fibrosis progression. Subsequently, CF@BPPM achieves protection against HSCs activation, migration, and collagen production, enriching anti‐liver fibrosis therapeutic methods by exploiting messaging between KCs and HSCs.
Fast Cycling Speed with Multimillion Cycling Endurance of Ultra‐Low Loss Phase Change Material (Sb2Se3) by Engineered Laser Pulse Irradiation
Authors: Alam Md Shah , Laing Ryan , Bolatbek Zhanibek , Heenkenda Remona , Gnawali Rudra , Payne Tamara E. , Sarangan Andrew , Hendrickson Joshua R. , Agha Imad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProgrammable and reconfigurable photonics is revolutionized the next generation of Si/SiN‐based photonics processors, optical signal processing, and neural and quantum networks. Ultra‐low loss phase‐change technology has the enormous potential to offer energy‐efficient, extra large‐scale integrated (ELSI) nonvolatile programmable photonics that can overcome the limitations of commonly used volatile and energy‐hungry programmable photonic systems. So far, most of the phase change materials (PCM) devices have already shown to be suitable for programmable and reconfigurable photonic circuit applications that do not require extreme endurance or ultra‐fast switching speeds. However, applications with ultra‐fast speed and multi‐million cycling requirements, such as memory cells, quantum computing, optical displays, and optical modulators necessitate enormous improvements in the existing cycling speed and endurance of PCMs, for high‐performance device configuration. Here, optical switching of an ultra‐low loss PCM (Sb2Se3) is demonstrated with an unprecedented combination of rapid cycling speed (0.6  ×  105 cycles s−1) and extreme endurance (>  2  ×  106 cycles) that pave the way for ultrafast, large‐scale, programmable, and reconfigurable integrated photonic circuits and devices.
Embedded 3D Bioprinting of Collagen Inks into Microgel Baths to Control Hydrogel Microstructure and Cell Spreading
Authors: Brunel Lucia G. , Christakopoulos Fotis , Kilian David , Cai Betty , Hull Sarah M. , Myung David , Heilshorn Sarah C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicroextrusion‐based 3D bioprinting into support baths has emerged as a promising technique to pattern soft biomaterials into complex, macroscopic structures. It is hypothesized that interactions between inks and support baths, which are often composed of granular microgels, can be modulated to control the microscopic structure within these macroscopic‐printed constructs. Using printed collagen bioinks crosslinked either through physical self‐assembly or bioorthogonal covalent chemistry, it is demonstrated that microscopic porosity is introduced into collagen inks printed into microgel support baths but not bulk gel support baths. The overall porosity is governed by the ratio between the ink's shear viscosity and the microgel support bath's zero‐shear viscosity. By adjusting the flow rate during extrusion, the ink's shear viscosity is modulated, thus controlling the extent of microscopic porosity independent of the ink composition. For covalently crosslinked collagen, printing into support baths comprised of gelatin microgels (15‐50 µm) results in large pores (≈40 µm) that allow human corneal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to readily spread, while control samples of cast collagen or collagen printed in non‐granular support baths do not allow cell spreading. Taken together, these data demonstrate a new method to impart controlled microscale porosity into 3D printed hydrogels using granular microgel support baths.