bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood and adult sexual abuse: relationships with alcohol and other psychoactive drug use
Authors: Plant Moira , Miller Patrick , Plant Martin 
Published: June 2004

AbstractQuestions concerning sexual abuse before and after the age of 16 years were included in a general population survey of a representative sample of 1052 UK women and 975 UK men. A total of 12.5% of women reported experiencing some form of sexual abuse before the age of 16 years. The corresponding ﬁgures for men in this category were 11.7%. After the age of 16, the ﬁgure for women remained at this level. However, the proportion of men reporting these traumatic experiences dropped to 3.2%. Sexual abuse both pre and post age 16 was associated with being single or cohabiting, with higher levels of cigarette‐smoking, alcohol consumption, experience of alcohol‐related problems and use of illicit drugs. The relationship between drinking and other forms of psychoactive drug use and sexual abuse is complex. Some possible explanations for this connection and its therapeutic and practical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of Serotonin in Protein and Membrane Mimetic Environments: A Spectroscopic Study
Authors: Sengupta Bidisa , Chaudhuri Sudip , Banerjee Anwesha , Sengupta Pradeep K. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractAs a first step toward using the photophysical properties of serotonin to probe its interactions with biological target sites, we have examined its interactions with human serum albumin (HSA), chosen as a surrogate for the actual receptor proteins in physiological systems, and with sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT)/heptane/water reverse micelles, chosen as a biomembrane mimetic environment for the transmembrane portion of the receptor protein. Although the emission maximum of serotonin is relatively insensitive to the polarity of the local environment, which is attributed to lack of solvent dipolar reorientation of the 5‐hydroxyindole chromophore, the fluorescence anisotropy (r) served as a useful and sensitive parameter from which the binding constants (K) and Gibbs energy changes (ΔG) were estimated for serotoninHSA and serotonin AOT reverse micellar interactions. Fluorescence‐decay studies of serotonin show double‐exponential kinetics in homogeneous aqueous solvent due to the structural heterogeneity arising from different rotamers of serotonin. In contrast, upon binding to HSA, a single‐exponential fluorescence‐decay profile was observed indicating the occurrence of a single structural species of serotonin in the protein environment. Furthermore, far‐UV‐circular‐dichroism (CD) spectroscopic data indicate that the secondary structural features of HSA remain essentially intact after binding to serotonin. This preliminary research can be expected to open the door to extensive future studies on interactions of serotonin with relevant target proteins and associated cell membranes involved in its diverse physiological functions.
Microwave‐Induced Enzyme‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Reduction of Organic Azides
Authors: Mazumder Sharbani , Laskar Dhrubojyoti D. , Prajapati Dipak , Roy Manoj K. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractA lipase enzyme, suspended in organic media along with organic azides and irradiated under microwaves, enhances the reaction rate over thermal heating and affords the corresponding amines in high yields. The present biocatalytic method employing lipase is a significant development with remarkable regio‐ and chemoselectivity under microwave irradiation in organic media with excellent yields for the reduction of azide functionality.
Synthesis of OligonucleotidePeptide Conjugates Carrying the c‐myc Peptide Epitope as Recognition System
Authors: Frieden Miriam , Aviñó Anna , Tarrasón Gema , Escorihuela Marta , Piulats Jaume , Eritja Ramon 
Published: June 2004

AbstractOligonucleotidepeptide conjugates 1–3 were prepared by sequential addition of the appropriate Boc‐protected amino acids, followed by nucleoside phosphoramidites in the same support. These molecules are designed to be used for triplex formation and for the directed assembly of nanomaterials. The structures of the desired oligonucleotidepeptide conjugates were confirmed by mass spectrometry on small oligonucleotidepeptide conjugates, by gel electrophoresis, and by hybridization with complementary oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotides carrying the c‐myc peptide were specifically recognized by the anti‐c‐myc monoclonal antibody.
Self‐Assembly of Small Peptidomimetic Cyclophanes
Authors: Becerril Jorge , Burguete M. Isabel , Escuder Beatriu , Galindo Francisco , Gavara Raquel , Miravet Juan F. , Luis Santiago V. , Peris Gabriel 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe self‐assembly of a series of small peptidomimetic cyclophanes in organic solvents was studied. X‐ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, and molecular modelling were used to understand the structural features of these self‐assembling compounds both at the molecular and supramolecular level. The factors that could influence the formation of gels rather than crystals were studied and a model for the arrangement of molecules in the gel was proposed. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed that in some cases these compounds undergo a transcription of chirality when going from organogelator to helicoidal gel fibres.
High Pressure Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Two Forms of a New Tellurium—Silicon Clathrate Related to the Classical Type I.
Authors: Jaussaud N. , Toulemonde P. , Pouchard M. , San Miguel A. , Gravereau P. , Pechev S. , Goglio G. , Cros C. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel, Oxygen‐Deficient n = 3 RP‐Member Sr3NdFe3O9‐δ and Its Topotactic Derivatives.
Authors: Pelloquin D. , Hadermann J. , Giot M. , Caignaert V. , Michel C. , Hervieu M. , Raveau B. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
[Co(NH3)6]3 [Cu4(OH)(CO3)8]×2H2O — A New Carbonato‐Copper(II) Anion Stabilized by Extensive Hydrogen Bonding.
Authors: Abrahams Brendan F. , Haywood Marissa G. , Robson Richard 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Ring Cleavage Reaction with a Combination of Optically Active Cycloalkane‐1,2‐diol and Lewis Acid: Application to Formal Synthesis of (‐)‐Alloyohimbane and Approach to Construction of Adjacent Chiral Quaternary Centers.
Authors: Tanaka Masakazu , Toyofuku Eiji , Demizu Yosuke , Yoshida Osamu , Nakazawa Koichi , Sakai Kiyoshi , Suemune Hiroshi 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and SAR of 2‐Arylbenzoxazoles, Benzothiazoles and Benzimidazoles as Inhibitors of Lysophosphatidic Acid Acyltransferase‐β.
Authors: Gong Baoqing , Hong Feng , Kohm Cory , Bonham Lynn , Klein Peter 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Highly Efficient Regioselective Ring Opening of Aziridines to β‐Haloamines in the Presence of β‐Cyclodextrin in Water.
Authors: Krishnaveni N. Srilakshmi , Surenda K. , Narender M. , Nageswar Y. V. D. , Rao K. Rama 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of Di‐ and Trinuclear Palladium Complexes with PCP‐Pincer Ligands.
Authors: Beletskaya I. P. , Chuchuryukin A. V. , van Koten G. , Dijkstra H. P. , van Klink G. P. M. , Kashin A. N. , Nefedov S. E. , Eremenko I. L. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Investigation of Intramolecular Pauson—Khand Reaction of 2‐Aryl‐1,6‐ and 1‐Methyl‐1,7‐enynes (exo‐Olefins) and 1‐Phenyl‐1‐octen‐7‐yne (endo‐Olefin).
Authors: Ishizaki Miyuki , Satoh Hiroshi , Hoshino Osamu , Nishitani Kiyoshi , Hara Hiroshi 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Stereochemistry of exo‐4‐Aminomethyltetracyclo [6.2.1.13,6.02,7]dodec‐9‐ene.
Authors: Kas'yan A. O. , Golodaeva E. A. , Yuzlenko O. V. , Shishkina S. V. , Shishkin O. V. , Kas'yan L. I. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
[bmim]PF6/CuBr: A Novel and Recyclable Catalytic System for the Synthesis of Propargyl Amines.
Authors: Yadav Jhillu S. , Reddy Basi V. Subba , Naveenkumar Veerjala , Rao Ramisetti Srinivasa , Nagaiah Kommu 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Arylsulfonylaziridines and Arylsulfonylaminoethenes from N‐(1‐Aryl‐2,2‐dichloro‐2‐phenylethyl)arenesulfonamides.
Authors: Rozentsveig G. N. , Rozentsveig I. B. , Levkovskaya G. G. , Albanov A. I. , Mirskova A. N. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of 2‐(2‐Furyl)‐1,3‐dioxacycloalkanes with Triethylsilane.
Authors: Chanysheva K. V. , Tokunova E. F. , Khusainov M. A. , Khlebnikova T. D. , Shakirova F. M. , Grishin S. A. , Kantor E. A. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 2‐(3,3‐Dicyano‐2‐propenylidene)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyldioxolane and Its Reactions with Hydrazine and Primary Amines.
Authors: Chuprakov S. N. , Tyurin R. V. , Minyaeva L. G. , Mezheritskaya L. V. , Mezheritskii V. V. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
4‐Functionally Substituted 3‐Heterylpyrazoles. Part 7. 4‐Chlorothieno[2,3‐c]pyrazole‐5‐carbonyl Chlorides.
Authors: Bratenko M. K. , Chornous V. A. , Vovk M. V. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxidation of cis‐ and trans‐3,5‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐3,5‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐trithiolanes: Isolation and Properties of the 1‐Oxides and the 1,2‐Dioxides.
Authors: Oshida Hideaki , Ishii Akihiko , Nakayama Juzo 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of Zinc Enolates Derived from 1‐Aryl‐2,2‐dibromoalkanones with 3‐Acetyl‐6‐bromochromen‐2‐one.
Authors: Shchepin V. V. , Russkikh N. Yu. , Kalyuzhnyi M. M. , Shchepin R. V. , Vakhrin M. I. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Aminomethylpyrimidines as Novel DPP‐IV Inhibitors: A 105‐Fold Activity Increase by Optimization of Aromatic Substituents.
Authors: Peters Jens‐Uwe , Weber Silja , Kritter Stephane , Weiss Peter , Wallier Angelina , Boehringer Markus , Hennig Michael , Kuhn Bernd , Loeffler Bernd‐Michael 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Heterocyclizations of Functionalized Heterocumulenes with C,N‐ and C,O‐Dinucleophiles. Part 2. Reaction of 1‐Chloro‐ and 1,1‐Dichloroalkyl Isocyanates and 1‐Chloroalkylidenecarbamates with 2‐Benzothiazolylacetonitrile, 2‐Benzothiazolylacetates, and Bis(2‐benzothiazolyl)methane.
Authors: Vovk M. V. , Lebed P. S. , Sukach V. A. , Kornilov M. Yu. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 1‐(2‐Chloro‐2‐phenylethyl)‐6‐methylthio‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidines 4‐Amino‐Substituted and Their Biological Evaluation.
Authors: Schenone Silvia , et al. et al. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Facile Tandem Construction of C—O and C—C Bonds: A Novel One‐Pot Transformation of Baylis—Hillman Adducts into 2‐Benzoxepins.
Authors: Basavaiah Deevi , Sharada Duddu S. , Veerendhar Ainelly 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
L‐Homoserylaminoethanol, a Novel Dipeptide Alcohol Inhibitor of Eukaryotic DNA Polymerase ε from a Plant Cultured Cells, Nicotina tabacum L.
Authors: Kuriyama Isoko , Asano Naoki , Kato Ikuo , Oshige Masahiko , Sugino Akio , Kadota Yasuhiro , Kuchitsu Kazuyuki , Yoshida Hiromi , Sakaguchi Kengo , Mizushina Yoshiyuki 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
First Regioselective Enzymatic Alkoxycarbonylation of Primary Amines. Synthesis of Novel 5′‐ and 3′‐Carbamates of Pyrimidine 3′,5′‐Diaminonucleoside Derivatives Including BVDU Analogues.
Authors: Lavandera Ivan , Fernandez Susana , Ferrero Miguel , Gotor Vicente 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Heterocyclic Analogues of Prostaglandins. Part 1. Synthesis of 3‐Alkyl(aralkyl)‐2,5‐dihydrofuran‐2‐ones as Synthons for 11‐Deoxy‐10‐oxaprostanoids.
Authors: Pashkovskii F. S. , Katok Ya. M. , Khlebnikova T. S. , Koroleva E. V. , Lakhvich F. A. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Rotaxanes and Catenanes Built Around Octahedral Transition Metals
Authors: Chambron Jean‐Claude , Collin Jean‐Paul , Heitz Valerie , Jouvenot Damien , Kern Jean‐Marc , Mobian Pierre , Pomeranc Didier , Sauvage Jean‐Pierre 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Boronated Folates for BNCT
Authors: Shukla S. , Sudimack J. , Adams D. , Wu G. , Yang W. , Sekido M. , Chatterjee M. , Lee R. , Barth R. F. , Tjarks W. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
O‐Carboranyl Derivatives of 1,3,5‐Triazines
Authors: Lim Hong‐Gyu , Lee Jong‐Dae , Lee Young‐Joo , Lee Chai‐Ho , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Lee Seung‐Hoon , Lee Chang‐Hoon , Jun Byungjin , Ko Jaejung , Kang Sang‐Ook 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Methods for the Synthesis of Heavy Atom Derivatized Amino Acids: Useful Probes for X‐Ray Crystallography, Vibrational, and NMR Spectroscopy of Proteins
Authors: Hatch Duane M. , Boles Jeffrey O. , Li Zizhong , Silks L. A. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
State‐level associations: An emerging trend in community mediation
Authors: Nowell Branda L. , Salem Deborah 
Published: June 2004

AbstractState‐level mediation associations (SMAs) in more than twenty states may play an important role in the further development of community mediation by addressing many of the prevailing needs in the field regarding networking, access to resources, and quality control. This chapter is a qualitative exploration into the function and range of activities of SMAs and factors facilitating or challenging their development.
Mediation styles: Subjective description of mediators
Authors: Wood John 
Published: June 2004

AbstractSome mediation scholars argue that mediator effectiveness is a direct function of matching the mediator to a specific mediation case, in terms of aligning the neutral's skill and experience to the dynamics of the case in question. This study uses Q methodology and reveals four styles of mediators: the counselor, the negotiator, the facilitator, and the democrat.
Conflict and education: Some personal reflections
Authors: Sandole Dennis J. D. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis article deals with the relationship between conflict and education. The author examines that linkage in both causal directions. A particular paradigm dominant in educational and policy systems, Realpolitik, tends to be reinforced by conflict; an alternative paradigm, Idealpolitik, tends to facilitate and strengthen development of a peace and conflict studies culture.
Development of functional synergies for speech motor coordination in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Smith Anne , Zelaznik Howard N. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractAdults produce rapid, interleaved sequences of speech sounds by controlling the relative motions in time and space of the oral articulators. The control and coordination of these effectors appear to be automatic, effortless, and usually error free. If speech production is viewed within the framework of classical motor control theories, we can infer that adults have organized functional synergies (consistent patterns of activation of muscle collectives) that act as stable subunits. In this study, the development of these stable functional synergies is examined. Motion of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw was recorded during sentence production in 180 children and adults (aged 4–22 years). Two indices of oral motor coordination were computed, which reflect the degree of trial‐to‐trial consistency in intereffector relationships and thus the stability of the underlying functional synergies. Major findings are: (a) The time course of development for speech motor coordination is protracted, (b) speech motor control processes are not adultlike until after age 14 years for both females and males, (c) boys (until age 5 years) show a slower maturational course of speech motor development, and (d) late childhood (the 7‐ to 12‐year period) is characterized by a plateau in the development of these coordinative synergies for speech production. We posit that multiple factors are likely to contribute to the protracted development of oral motor coordination for speech, including maturation of components of the motor system itself and maturation of the brain subsystems for language processing. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 45: 22–33, 2004.
Longitudinal relations between child vagal tone and parenting behavior: 2 to 4 years
Authors: Kennedy Amy E. , Rubin Kenneth H. , D. Hastings Paul , Maisel Beth 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe longitudinal relations between physiological markers of child emotion regulation and maternal parenting practices were examined from 2 to 4 years of age. At Time 1, cardiac vagal tone was assessed for one hundred four 2‐year‐olds (54 females); their mothers completed an assessment of parenting styles. Two years later, at Time 2, 84 of the original participants were reassessed on measures of cardiac vagal tone and parenting style. Results indicated both baseline cardiac vagal tone and maternal parenting practices to be stable from 2 to 4 years of age. Children's cardiac vagal tone predicted specific parenting practices from the toddler to preschool years. Further, child cardiac vagal tone moderated maternal restrictive‐parenting practices from 2 to 4 years of age; mothers of children who were highly or moderately physiologically dysregulated were more likely to report restrictive parenting practices at both 2 and 4 years of age. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 45: 10–21, 2004.
Synthesis of a Dinuclear Ruthenabicyclic Complex and Its Ligand‐Substitution Reactions
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshihiko , Miyabe Yumiko , Itoh Kenji 
Published: June 2004

AbstractA trinuclear carbonylruthenium complex, [Ru3(CO)12], was treated with diynes bearing ester, phenyl, or trimethylsilyl groups on the alkyne termini to give rise to various complexes. A diyne diester afforded a dinuclear ruthenacycle complex similar to known iron ferrole complexes and a mononuclear ruthenacyclopentadiene complex. The selectivity for the formation of these products varied depending on the ratio of the diyne diester toward [Ru3(CO)12]. When a phenyl‐substituted diyne was employed, a cyclopentadienone complex was formed together with the expected dinuclear ruthenacycle complex. In contrast, a bis(trimethylsilyl)diyne gave the corresponding cyclopentadienone complex as the only product. Treatment of the obtained ruthenabicycle complex with trimethylamine oxide (Me3NO) gave a mono(trimethylamine) complex, which was further converted into various phosphane complexes upon reaction with phosphanes in refluxing THF. The corresponding monophosphane complexes were obtained for all monodentate or bidentate phosphanes except for bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methane, which afforded a bridging bis(phosphane) complex. In contrast, when an isolated monodentate phosphane complex of 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethane and diphenyl(2‐pyridyl)phosphane was treated with Me3NO, P‐P or P‐N chelate complexes were formed, respectively. The dinuclear mono(amine)ruthenacycle complex also reacted with dimethyl butynedioate (dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, DMAD) in refluxing THF to afford a novel μ‐η2‐alkyne complex together with the [2+2+2] cycloadduct between the diyne and DMAD. The highly electron‐deficient character of DMAD is imperative for the formation of the μ‐alkyne complex. Methyl propiolate and diphenylacetylene gave no corresponding μ‐alkyne complexes. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
The Thermal Decomposition of S2O Forming SO2, S3, S4 and S5O − An ab initio MO Study
Authors: Steudel Ralf , Steudel Yana 
Published: June 2004

AbstractAll chemically reasonable [2+2] and [2+3] dipolar addition reactions between two S2O molecules forming heterocyclic intermediates of composition S4O2, as well as the decomposition of these species to generate the observed products S3 and SO2, have been studied by gas‐phase ab initio MO calculations at the G3X(MP2) level of theory. The reaction enthalpies, Gibbs energies and, partly, activation enthalpies of 17 reactions have been calculated. The [2+2] cycloadditions of S2O are all endothermic and are characterized by high barriers. The reaction of lowest activation enthalpy (ΔH#298 = 11 kJ·mol−1) is the exothermic [2+3] cycloaddition of two S2O molecules resulting in the five‐membered heterocycle oxatetrathiolane 2‐oxide S4O2 (7), which is predicted to decompose at 298 K exothermally and without any activation enthalpy to SO2 plus S3. The S3 molecule is predicted to add exothermally to S2O to give the five‐membered homocycle S5O which has, in fact, been prepared in this way before. The bimolecular decomposition of S5O to SO2, S4 and S5 is also exothermic and may explain the formation of the red S4 molecule on condensation of S2O at temperatures below −130 °C. The implications of these results for the understanding of the chemistry on Jupiter’s moon Io are discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
7‐Halogenated 7‐Deaza‐2′‐deoxyxanthine 2′‐Deoxyribonucleosides
Authors: Seela Frank , Shaikh Khalil 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe synthesis of the 7‐halogenated derivatives 1b (7‐bromo) and 1c (7‐iodo) of 7‐deaza‐2′‐deoxyxanthosine (1a) is described. A partial Br→I exchange was observed when the demethylation of 6‐methoxy precursor compound 4b was performed with Me3SiCl/NaI. This reaction is circumvented by the nucleophilic displacement of the MeO group under strong alkaline conditions. The halogenated 7‐deaza‐2′‐deoxyxanthosine derivatives 1b,c show a decreased S‐conformer population of the sugar moiety compared to the nonhalogenated 1a. They are expected to form stronger triplexes when they replace 1a in the 1⋅dA⋅dT base triplet.