bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical measures of physical functioning as prognostic factors in predicting outcomes for neck and thoracic pain: Protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Begum Rabea , Rushton Alison , El Chamaa Alaa , Walton David , Parikh Paul 
Published: January 2025

Background
Spinal pain is prevalent and burdensome worldwide. A large proportion of patients with neck and thoracic pain experience chronic symptoms, which can significantly impact their physical functioning. Therefore, it is important to understand factors predicting outcome to inform effective examination and treatment. Knowledge of physical measures of physical functioning as prognostic factors can enhance patient-centered care and aid decision-making. The evidence regarding physical outcome measures as prognostic factors for neck and thoracic pain is unclear. The objective of this study is to summarize the evidence for physical outcome measures of physical functioning as prognostic factors in predicting outcomes in people with neck and thoracic pain.

Methods and analysis
This systematic review follows Cochrane guidelines and aligns with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). Included studies will be prospective longitudinal cohort studies in which physical measures of physical functioning are explored as prognostic factors for adults with neck and thoracic pain. A comprehensive search will be performed in key databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science) and the grey literature, with hand searches of key journals, and the reference lists of included studies. Two reviewers will independently perform study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment (QUIPS, Quality in Prognostic Studies tool), and quality assessment (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation).

Implications
This systematic review will identify physical measures of physical functioning prognostic factors for neck and thoracic pain populations. Findings will inform researchers about gaps in existing evidence, and clinicians about factors to aid their clinical decisions and to enhance the overall quality of care for individuals with neck and thoracic pain.
Factors associated with vitamin D levels in Mongolian patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Jaalkhorol Myadagmaa , Dashtseren Amarsaikhan , Magnaibayar Gantuya , Bat-Orgil Badrangui , Tsunoda Ikuo , Avirmed Shiirevnyamba , Iaquinto Stefania , von Wyl Viktor 
Published: January 2025

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) onset is caused by genetic and environmental factors. Vitamin D has been identified as contributing environmental risk factor, with higher prevalence at latitudes further from the equator. Mongolia, at 45°N, has limited sunlight exposure, increasing the population’s risk for vitamin D deficiency.

Objectives
To compare vitamin D levels between persons with MS (pwMS) and persons without MS and to identify factors associated with low vitamin D.

Methods
We investigated associations with vitamin D levels using data from MS cases and controls from Mongolia. We used linear mixed-effects regression with fixed effects (case status, sociodemographics, and predefined variables) and participant-specific random intercepts.

Results
Of 62 participants (31 pwMS, 31 controls), pwMS had lower summer [median 23.00 ng/ml (interquartile range 11.30–31.50) vs. 25.00 ng/ml (19.25–32.00)] and winter vitamin D levels [21.00 ng/ml (10.60–27.60) vs. 23.50 ng/ml (15.55–28.60)], with a smaller seasonal decline. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in pwMS. None of these findings reached statistical significance. Winter season and being breastfed as a child were associated with significantly lower vitamin D levels.

Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency was common among pwMS, which could be influenced by behavioural factors. These findings may inform more targeted recommendations for pwMS to maintain sufficient vitamin D levels.
Transcranial Doppler sonography follow-up study in mild vascular cognitive impairment
Authors: Cantone Mariagiovanna , Pennisi Manuela , Lanza Giuseppe , Ferri Raffaele , Fisicaro Francesco , Cappellani Francesco , David Emanuele , Nicosia Vito , Cortese Klizia , Pennisi Giovanni , Puglisi Valentina , Bella Rita 
Published: January 2025

Background
To date, few data to transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) are available in patients with mild vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) at risk for vascular or mixed dementia. In a previous study in patients with mild VCI and cerebral small vessels disease, a hemodynamic pattern of cerebral hypoperfusion and enhanced vascular resistance were observed; however, longitudinal data are currently lacking. Here, we perform a clinical, psychopathological, and neurosonological follow-up of patients with VCI in order to monitor any progression and to identify TCD measures to detect it.

Methods
From the original cohort of 161 patients, 127 with VCI (mean age 73.6 ± 7.1; 67 males) were re-evaluated after 5.0 ± 1.8 years. Namely, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the 17-items Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and the Stroop Color-Word Interference Test (StroopT) were administered to screen for global cognitive status, to quantify depressive symptoms, and to explore executive functions, respectively. Mean blood flow velocity (MBFV), peak systolic blood flow velocity (PSV), end-diastolic blood flow velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI), and resistivity index (RI) were recorded from the middle cerebral artery, bilaterally.

Results
At follow up, patients exhibited a significant worsening of both MoCA (21.7 ± 2.1 vs. 20.7 ± 2.0) and StroopT scores (57.4 ± 19.4 vs. 59.7 ± 18.6), whereas HDRS showed an improvement, although the mean raw score remained above the cut-off value for depression (10.3 ± 6.6 vs. 9.8 ± 6.3). MBFV, PSV, and EDV showed a significant increase in PSV and PI and a reduction in EDV. When focused to younger patients (<65 years), we confirmed the significant worsening of both MoCA and StroopT but not HDRS, as well as the significant changes in PI and RI. Finally, considering the differences (D) between baseline and follow-up, the following significant correlations emerged, although with a small-to-medium effect size for all of them: positive correlation between MBFV-D and MoCA-D and between RI-D and STROOP-D, and a negative significant correlation between RI-D and MoCA-D.

Conclusions
Notwithstanding some limitations, such as the lack of a control group and neuroimaging data at follow-up, TCD may contribute to the early detection, monitoring, and management of VCI patients at risk for dementia. Together with compatible clinical and cognitive features, the exploration of early TCD markers that possibly indicate a higher risk of progression might represent an intriguing research direction and a significant clinical perspective.
Is there a risk of developmental problems in infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and/or pre-eclampsia?
Authors: Yardımcı-Lokmanoğlu Bilge Nur , Topal Yusuf , Kınacı-Biber Esra , Arıkan Zeynep , Sırtbaş-Işık Gülsen , Porsnok Doğan , Çelik Hasan Tolga , Mutlu Akmer 
Published: January 2025

Objective
The aims of this study were (i) to describe the early spontaneous movements in 3-to 5-month-old infants in groups of infants born to mothers with GDM and/or PE, (ii) to compare them, and (iii) to analyze the differences between infants with these risk factors and typically developing infants born to mothers without GDM and/or PE and other risk factors.

Methods
This cohort study included 255 infants in 4 groups: (i) 96 infants born to mothers with GDM, (ii) 78 infants born to mothers with PE, (iii) 31 infants born to mothers with GDM and PE, and (iv) 50 typically developing infants. Early spontaneous movements, including not only fidgety movements but also concurrent movement and postural patterns, were assessed using the General Movements Assessment (GMA), which determines the Motor Optimality Score-Revised (MOS-R). Comparisons were made using one-way ANOVA for normally distributed continuous variables, Kruskal-Wallis test for non-normally distributed data, and Pearson chi-squared for categorical variables. Univariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
There were no differences between the three groups, which included infants whose mothers had at least one of these risk factors (p>0.05). Infants born to mothers with GDM, infants born to mothers with PE, and infants born to mothers with both GDM and PE had more aberrant fidgety movements, reduced age-adequate movement repertoire, and more abnormal postural patterns than typically developing infants (p<0.05), in addition to lower MOS-R. When looking at those with ≤24 in MOS-R, the odds ratios were ≥2.74.

Conclusion
Findings suggest that early spontaneous movements, GMA, may play a crucial role in understanding developmental outcomes of these infants and in determining infants who need early intervention.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of animal health staff and farmers towards brucellosis control in sheep and goat in China: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Quangang , Amonsin Alongkorn , Jeamsripong Saharuetai 
Published: January 2025

Background
In China, brucellosis has resurfaced recently with a discernible spatial distribution, particularly affecting dairy herds and small ruminant populations. However, limited dissemination of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) for brucellosis control exists among farmers and animal health staff. This study aimed to assess the KAP of brucellosis control and prevention in animal health staff and farmers, with the goal of educating the public regarding the application of efficient brucellosis control and prevention strategies.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey involving 1,468 participants, comprising farmers (n = 1,067) and animal health staff (n = 401) based on their significant density of sheep and goat population. They completed a questionnaire targeting a specific group of farmers and animal health staff through face-to-face interviews. The KAP scores were then categorized as either satisfactory or unsatisfactory based on a cutoff set at ≥80% of the total score for satisfactory. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the association between KAP and geographical information.

Results
The results indicated satisfaction with KAP among farmers (57.7%, 75.8% and 87.0%) and animal health staff (80.5%, 84.5%, and 78.3%) at ≥ 80% cut-off point of total score. The primary concern of farmers is involved in the understanding of the route of transmission and handwashing practices after contacting animals. Predictors of higher knowledge and positive attitude included province of residence and age. The factors linked to satisfactory practice levels consist of province of residence, educational level, and a history of family members’ infections (p < 0.05). Among animal health staff, the primary factor associated with KAP was province of residence, sex, level of education, and history of family members infection (p < 0.05). Additionally, brucellosis information primarily originated from traditional promotional materials and veterinarians.

Conclusions
This study emphasized that the KAP scores for both animal health staff and farmers were satisfactory, except for a suboptimal knowledge score among farmers. To proactively control future brucellosis outbreaks, it is imperative to develop targeted educational resources aimed at enhancing the understanding of brucellosis, particularly among farmers. Ensuring the availability and accessibility of informative materials for the effective prevention and control of brucellosis in livestock animals.
Machine Learning-Guided Fluid Resuscitation for Acute Pancreatitis Improves Outcomes
Authors: Kong Niwen , Chang Patrick , Ira Shulman , Haq Ubayd , Amini Maziar , Nguyen Denis , Khan Farhaad , Narala Rachan , Sharma Nisha , Wang Daniel , Thompson Tiana , Sadik Jonathan , Breze Cameron , Whitcomb David C. , Buxbaum James L. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES:
Ariel Dynamic Acute Pancreatitis Tracker (ADAPT) is an artificial intelligence tool using mathematical algorithms to predict severity and manage fluid resuscitation needs based on the physiologic parameters of individual patients. Our aim was to assess whether adherence to ADAPT fluid recommendations versus standard management impacted clinical outcomes in a large prospective cohort.

METHOD:
We analyzed patients consecutively admitted to the Los Angeles General Medical Center between June 2015 to November 2022 whose course was richly characterized by capturing more than 100 clinical variables. We inputted this data into the ADAPT system to generate resuscitation fluid recommendations. and compared to the actual fluid resuscitation within the first 24 hours from presentation. The primary outcome was the difference in organ failure in those who were over (>500cc)- versus adequately (within 500cc) resuscitated with respect to the ADAPT fluid recommendation. Additional outcomes included ICU admission, SIRS at 48 hours, local complications, and pancreatitis severity.

RESULTS:
Among the 1083 patients evaluated using ADAPT, 700 were over-resuscitated,196 were adequately resuscitated, and 187 were under-resuscitated. Adjusting for pancreatitis etiology, gender, and SIRS at admission, over-resuscitation was associated with increased respiratory failure (Odd Ratio (OR) 2.73 [95%CI 1.06, 7.03]) as well as ICU admission (OR 2.40 [1.41, 4.11]), more than 48 hours of hospital length of stay (OR 1.87 [1.19, 2.94]), SIRS at 48 hours (OR 1.73 [1.08, 2.77]) and local pancreatitis complications (OR 2.93 [1.23, 6.96]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Adherence to ADAPT fluid recommendations reduces respiratory failure and other adverse outcomes compared to conventional fluid resuscitation strategies for acute pancreatitis. This validation study demonstrates the potential role of dynamic machine learning tools in acute pancreatitis management.
Shaping the Future of “Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic” Health: Insights From The Texas Heart Institute's 2024 Cardiometabolic Syndrome Conference
Authors: Raghuram Arjun , Sprung Keri , Coulter Stephanie , Rogers Joseph G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
At the Texas Heart Institute's 2024 Cardiometabolic Syndrome Conference, held on August 23, 2024, experts from diverse academic fields spoke about novel initiatives for addressing the worsening projections for cardiometabolic syndrome. Four major areas in which innovation is ongoing were highlighted: technology, policy, population health, and lifestyle and behavioral modification. This article presents a brief contextualization, summary, and analysis of the novel initiatives being implemented in each of these 4 areas to address cardiometabolic syndrome. Despite alarming projections, cardiometabolic syndrome presents a unique opportunity for innovators to drive change through collaborative, multidisciplinary efforts.
Relevance and effectiveness in translation planning into minoritized languages: an evaluation of translation subsidies in the Galician publishing industry
Authors: García González Marta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since the approval of the Estatuto de Autonomía de Galicia (EAG) in 1981, Galician has undergone continuous language planning (LP) efforts. While several authors have examined various aspects of this planning process, studies evaluating the overall relevance and effectiveness of measures remain limited. To contribute to this evaluation, this study examines the use of translation as a means of LP for Galician. After providing an overview of translation as a fundamental tool in minority LP, the paper focuses on the Galician publishing industry, which has been consistently subsidized by the Galician government to promote language development. Specifically, the paper looks for correlations between subsidies for translation into Galician (inputs), translations published in Galician (outputs) and citizens using the minoritized language and consuming books and cultural products (outcomes), based mainly on data from regional government sources and the publishing industry. In analysing the use of translation subsidies as a LP strategy, this paper seeks to shed light on their relevance and effectiveness in contributing to the development of the Galician language. Also, the evaluation of translation-based measures in the publishing industry provides valuable insights into the success of these initiatives and their impact on language vitality.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar resistance spot welds of TBF and HSLA300 steel sheets
Authors: Ozturk Yilmaz Imren , Aydın Hakan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The welding behavior of the resistance spot welded dissimilar TBF–HSLA300 steel joints under different welding parameters was investigated. TBF steels were used as galvanized or ungalvanized. Microstructural characterization and mechanical tests were performed. Higher heat input resulted in the higher possibility of shrinkage cavities at the weld nugget and also increased the risk of liquid metal embrittlement (LEM) crack in the heat affected zone (HAZ) on galvanized TBF steel sheets. A partial melting zone was observed on HSLA300 side. The welds with ungalvanized TBF sheets had the higher nugget size and indentation. The highest hardness values (over 500 HV0.1) were observed in HAZ on TBF side. The lowest hardness values (below 300 HV0.1) on TBF side were observed in a very narrow softening zone between tempered zone and base metal. The fractures of all spot welds in the tensile shear test occurred on the TBF steel side with the thinner thickness. Low-strength steel sheet have to be sufficiently thicker in order to achieve higher welding strength. Higher welding time led to higher weld strength in the ungalvanized TBF combination. In the galvanized TBF combination, higher heat input led to the drastic decrease in weld strength due to LEM cracks.
The evolution of research articles on self-denigration: a systematic review across disciplines
Authors: Mayahi Nadia , Jalilifar Alireza 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This systematic review explored self-denigration in research articles published across different disciplines in the past four decades. Following a comprehensive collection and screening of data (4,002 initial records) from four scholarly databases, 80 research articles that met our eligibility criteria were identified. In line with the objectives of this study, the publications were coded and analyzed for contextual, methodological, and theoretical dimensions. The review also adopted an in-depth synthesis of the research articles investigating the attitudes of individuals toward self-denigration, and probed the development of research foci in this area. Among other results, the study revealed that the participants in the vast majority of studies effectively employed self-denigration as a relational communication management strategy. Contrary to our expectations, findings provided evidence for the widespread popularity of research on self-denigration in Western contexts, most of which report a favorable account of using self-denigration in social interactions away from its face value. Accordingly, this area deserves further exploration in different disciplines and contexts, as the study has practical significance in managing different interactional predicaments.
The lithium-rich stannide Li4Rh3Sn5
Authors: Sreeraj Puravankara , Dinges Tim , Kösters Jutta , Schappacher Falko M. , Eckert Hellmut , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The stannide Li4Rh3Sn5 was synthesized by induction-melting of the elements in a sealed tantalum ampoule. The sample was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and the Li4Rh3Sn5 structure was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: new type, orthorhombic space group Pnnm, a = 813.27(11), b = 2,259.6(3), c = 449.94(6) pm, wR2 = 0.0486, 1577 F
2 values and 64 variables. The rhodium and tin atoms form a rigid covalently bonded three-dimensional [Rh3Sn5] network with Rh–Sn distances ranging from 263 to 277 pm. Within this network, the tin atoms form two different substructures, i. e., angled Sn1–Sn4–Sn5 units and isolated Sn2 and Sn3 atoms. The lithium atoms fill cages within the [Rh3Sn5] network. They have coordination numbers 11, 12 and 13. Based on their different 7Li resonance shifts two groups of distinct local environments can be identified in an intensity ratio of 3:1, namely the 4g Wyckoff sites Li1, Li2, and Li5, and the 2c Wyckoff sites Li3 and Li4. The whole Li4Rh3Sn5 structure can be described by condensation of the Li1@LiRh4Sn6, Li2@Li2Rh4Sn6, Li3@Li2Rh4Sn6, and Li4@Li2Rh4Sn6 polyhedra, including the Li5 atoms which are within the Li1 coordination sphere. The 119Sn Mössbauer spectrum of Li4Rh3Sn5 shows a superposition of two sub-signals in a ratio of 60:40. The two sub-signals with similar isomer shift are discernable through their quadrupole splitting parameters: ∼1.93 mm s−1 for the tin atoms of the angled Sn3 unit, and ∼1.20 mm s−1 for the isolated tin atoms with a more symmetric electron density distribution.
Establishment of critical values for AMH screening with PCOS based on restricted cubic spline plots
Authors: Wang Zhen , Teng Xiaojing , Shen Yonghai , Liu Yanfei 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe aim is to develop age-specific anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) screening criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to facilitate early detection and diagnosis of the condition and subsequently evaluate the screening criteria.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on patient data from Hangzhou Women’s Hospital between July 2021 and August 2024. The use of restricted cubic spline analysis helped identify age-related inflection points, which were crucial for segmenting the patient population. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was employed to determine the area under the curve, optimal AMH screening thresholds, sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, correct diagnosis rate, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. The established age-related AMH screening criteria for PCOS were then validated using a separate validation group. The consistency of the PCOS age-related AMH screening test with the 2003 Rotterdam PCOS diagnostic criteria was assessed using the kappa statistic.ResultsThe derived age-specific AMH screening thresholds for PCOS are as follows: ≥6.93 ng/mL (20–27 years old), ≥5.06 ng/mL (28–30 years old) and ≥4.19 ng/mL (31–39 years old).ConclusionThe age-stratified AMH screening criteria demonstrated high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in identifying PCOS, indicating a strong predictive value. However, the development of more robust and universally applicable diagnostic criteria for PCOS will require additional multicenter, prospective clinical trials for further validation.