bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoding chronic rhinosinusitis: A metabolomics‐based approach
Authors: Gong Xinru , Fu Yijie , Zhou Lei , Wei Aiming , Pan Chongsheng , Zhu Tianmin , Li Hui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common and intractable disease in otorhinolaryngology, laying a heavy burden on healthcare systems. The worldwide researchers are making efforts to find solutions to this disease. Metabolomics has recently gained more and more traction, and might become a promising tool to unravel the complexity of CRS. This paper provides an overview of current studies on the metabolomics of various CRS subtypes.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library, up to May 25, 2023. Search strategies incorporated key terms such as “chronic rhinosinusitis” and “metabolomics” with relevant synonyms and MeSH terms. Titles and abstracts of 86 screened articles were assessed for relevance to CRS and metabolomics. Methodological robustness, data reliability, and relevance were considered for shortlisted articles.ResultsAfter the refined process, a total of 26 articles were included in this study and sorted out by research themes, methodology and pivotal discoveries. These included studies identified the metabolic pathways and markers related to the pathophysiology in each subtype of CRS.ConclusionsMetabolomics helps to shed light on the complexity of CRS. The mentioned findings highlight the importance of specific metabolic pathways and markers in understanding the pathophysiology of CRS. Despite that, challenges and future directions in metabolomics research for CRS would be worth being further explored.
Orthogonal sp3‐Ge/B Bimetallic Modules: Enantioselective Construction and Enantiospecific Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Xu Meng‐Yu , Jiang Wei‐Tao , Xia Ming‐Zhi , An Zi‐Long , Xie Xiu‐Ying , Xiao Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, a series of enantioenriched sp3‐Ge/B bimetallic modules were successfully synthesized via an enantioselective copper‐catalyzed hydroboration of carbagermatrane (Ge)‐containing alkenes. Orthogonal cross‐coupling selectivity under different Pd‐catalyzed conditions was achieved in an enantiospecific manner. Notably, the chiral secondary Ge exhibited a remarkable transmetallation ability prior to primary or secondary Bpin. The effectiveness of this Ge/B bimetallic strategy was further demonstrated through the development of new functional small molecules with Aggregation‐Induced Emission (AIE) and Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) performance. This represents the first successful example of synthesis of enantioenriched alkylgermanium reagents that permit enantiospecific cross‐coupling reactions.
Ultrafast Biomimetic Oxidative Folding of Cysteine‐rich Peptides and Microproteins in Organic Solvents
Authors: Kam Antony , Loo Shining , Qiu Yibo , Liu Chuan‐Fa , Tam James P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDisulfides in peptides and proteins are essential for maintaining a properly folded structure. Their oxidative folding is invariably performed in an aqueous‐buffered solution. However, this process is often slow and can lead to misfolded products. Here, we report a novel concept and strategy that is bio‐inspired to mimic protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) by accelerating disulfide exchange rates many thousand‐fold. The proposed strategy termed organic oxidative folding is performed under organic solvents to yield correctly folded cysteine‐rich microproteins instantaneously without observable misfolded or dead‐end products. Compared to conventional aqueous oxidative folding strategies, enormously large rate accelerations up to 113,200‐fold were observed. The feasibility and generality of the organic oxidative folding strategy was successfully demonstrated on 15 cysteine‐rich microproteins of different hydrophobicity, lengths (14 to 58 residues), and numbers of disulfides (2 to 5 disulfides), producing the native products in a second and in high yield.
Where do the Fluorine Atoms Go in Inorganic‐Oxide Fluorinations? A Fluorooxoborate Illustration under Terahertz Light
Authors: Shen Chunjie , Zhang Feng , Sasaki Tetsuo , Eerdun Chaolu , Hayashi Michitoshi , Wang Houng‐wei , Tominaga Keisuke , Mutailipu Miriding , Pan Shilie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe substitution of fluorine atoms for oxygen atoms/hydroxyl groups has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the physical and chemical properties of oxides/hydroxides in fluorine chemistry. However, distinguishing fluorine from oxygen/hydroxyl in the reaction products poses a significant challenge in existing characterization methods. In this study, we illustrate that terahertz (THz) spectroscopy provides a powerful tool for addressing this challenge. To this end, we investigated two fluorination reactions of boric acid, utilizing MHF2 (M=Na, C(NH2)3) as fluorine reagents. Through an interplay between THz spectroscopy and solid‐state density functional theory, we have conclusively demonstrated that fluorine atoms exclusively bind with the sp3‐boron but not with the sp2‐boron in the reaction products of Na[B(OH)3][B3O3F2(OH)2] (NaBOFH) and [C(NH2)3]2B3O3F4OH (GBF2). Based on this evidence, we have proposed a reaction pathway for the fluorinations under investigation, a process previously hindered due to structural ambiguity. This work represents a step forward in gaining a deeper understanding of the precise structures and reaction mechanisms involved in the fluorination of oxides/hydroxides, illuminated by the insights provided by THz spectroscopy.
Electrokinetic Analyses Uncover the Rate‐Determining Step of Biomass‐Derived Monosaccharide Electroreduction on Copper
Authors: Ma Guoquan , Al‐Mahayni Hasan , Jiang Na , Song Dandan , Qiao Bo , Xu Zheng , Seifitokaldani Ali , Zhao Suling , Liang Zhiqin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectrochemical biomass conversion holds promise to upcycle carbon sources and produce valuable products while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. To this end, deep insight into the interfacial mechanism is essential for the rational design of an efficient electrocatalytic route, which is still an area of active research and development. Herein, we report the reduction of dihydroxyacetone (DHA)—the simplest monosaccharide derived from glycerol feedstock—to acetol, the vital chemical intermediate in industries, with faradaic efficiency of 85±5 % on a polycrystalline Cu electrode. DHA reduction follows preceding dehydration by coordination with the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups and the subsequent hydrogenation. The electrokinetic profile indicates that the rate‐determining step (RDS) includes a proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) to the dehydrated intermediate, revealed by coverage‐dependent Tafel slope and isotopic labeling experiments. An approximate zero‐order dependence of H+ suggests that water acts as the proton donor for the interfacial PCET process. Leveraging these insights, we formulate microkinetic models to illustrate its origin that Eley–Rideal (E−R) dominates over Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L−H) in governing Cu‐mediated DHA reduction, offering rational guidance that increasing the concentration of the adsorbed reactant alone would be sufficient to promote the activity in designing practical catalysts.
Evaluating high oleic soybean oil oleogels as shortening replacements: Impact on cookie dough, cookie attributes, and oxidative stability
Authors: Zhao Muxin , Rao Jiajia , Chen Bingcan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we explored the potential of oleogels to serve as a substitute for traditional shortening throughout the entire cookie production process. Specifically, oleogel was prepared using expeller‐pressed high oleic soybean oil (EPHOSO) with 10 wt% of either rice bran wax (RBX) or monoacylglycerol (MAG) to replace shortening in cookie making. Rapid Visco Analyzer and Farinograph were used to thoroughly assess the impact of replacing shortening with oleogels on the qualities of cookie dough. The results demonstrated the efficacy of MAG oleogel in replicating the attributes of traditional shortening in cookie doughs, in terms of water absorption, dough consistency, and dough stability. The overall quality of cookies prepared with oleogels was comparable to the ones prepared with shortening. Additionally, the oxidative stability indicated the remarkable advantage of EPHOSO‐based oleogels, which displayed an elevated resistance to oxidative processes compared to its liquid form. Furthermore, cookies prepared with MAG oleogel exhibited prolonged oxidative stability than those prepared with shortening. Overall, the results underscore the potential of EPHOSO oleogels, particularly those incorporated with MAG, could enhance the oxidative stability of cookies without diminishing the physicochemical qualities of the end product.
Global terminal sliding‐mode control for the synchronization problem of uncertain bilateral teleoperation system with time‐varying delays
Authors: Ounissi Asma , Boukattaya Mohamed , Mezghani Ben Romdhane Neila 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, an adaptive global terminal sliding‐mode control is developed for a nonlinear bilateral teleoperation system with time‐varying delays, external disturbances, and uncertainties. By selecting a time‐varying sliding‐mode manifold, a finite‐time sliding‐mode control algorithm is proposed to guarantee the suppression of the reaching phase associated with the conventional sliding‐mode control. This implies that the robustness is guaranteed throughout to entire response of the system. Meanwhile, the chattering phenomenon and the energy consumption are significantly reduced. Furthermore, in order to enhance the tracking performance in practical situations, adaptive tuning laws are developed to estimate the unknown upper bounds of the lumped uncertainties. Hence, the proposed approach has several merits, namely, fast response, accurate synchronization, and strong robustness with respect to large uncertainties and disturbances. The stability of the system in closed‐loop and the boundedness on the internal dynamics are proved by Lyapunov stability theory. Illustrative simulations were conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Disturbance observer based control for passive multi‐actuator systems with aggregation and distribution
Authors: Nguyen Binh Minh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a disturbance observer‐based controller for a class of multi‐actuator systems that possess passivity properties. By distributing the input and aggregating the output using the same vectors, the original plant is transformed into an aggregation‐and‐distribution plant (ADP), which is also passive. Based on the ADP, this paper derives the conditions for the controller to sufficiently ensure that the overall system has a finite L2‐gain. The conditions can be checked via the passivity notation of several transfer functions. It is not required to establish the overall system's dynamical equation, thereby alleviating the design burden. The additional objective can be attained by performing an optimization on the aggregation/distribution vectors. Several practical applications are introduced as motivating examples, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the integration of motion control and energy management for electric vehicles.
Circular bioeconomy ecosystems: Hydroxyapatite from fish waste at Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Xavier Bárbara Gomes , da Silva Luísa Vieira , Alves Flávia Chaves , Teixeira Leonardo Vieira , Santos Victória Emília Neves 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe transition to a low‐carbon economy endangered the revenues of many oil‐dependent regions. This is the case in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, which has become highly dependent on oil and gas royalties since the 1970s. At the same time, the circular blue bioeconomy has emerged as a pathway for environmentally sound socioeconomic development. In such a context, a biological resource in many oil‐dependent regions is fish processing residue, from which high added‐value compounds can be obtained, such as collagen, hydroxyapatite, gelatin, lipids, enzymes, hydrolysates, and bioactive peptides. The present study aims to understand the potential for a future fish waste hydroxyapatite (FHAp) market in the state of Rio de Janeiro (SRJ). The methodological approach integrates technology roadmapping with market and innovation ecosystem assessment. We found that the main techniques for obtaining FHAp were chemical hydrolysis and calcination, and the most innovative and value‐added applications were biomaterial for tissue regeneration (BTR) and physical sunblock (PS). The mapping of SRJ companies showed that the state has qualified players in cosmetic and biomedical industries that could develop innovations in BTR and PS made of FHAp. However, the mapping also showed a gap in the FHAp extraction stage, which is essential for the value chain. To find and encourage players to compound this innovation ecosystem, the public power can therefore act as an articulator, providing financial incentives and creating infrastructural conditions, such as a waste pretreatment plant next to the state fishing pole.
Ameliorating diabetes‐induced testicular dysfunction by modulating PKC/Nrf2/Bcl‐2 signaling: Protective role of sulbutiamine
Authors: Abdelmonem Maha , Ali Shimaa O. , Al‐Mokaddem Asmaa K. , Ghaiad Heba R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of testicular dysfunction is increasing as it is a common diabetes mellites (DM) complication. The objective of this study is to explore the potential protective effect of sulbutiamine against testicular hypofunction associated with streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced DM in rats. Sulbutiamine was administered orally (60 mg/kg) to male Wistar rats for 8 weeks starting 72 h after a single injection of STZ (45 mg/kg, i.p.). Blood glucose level (BGL), serum testosterone level, sperm number, and motility were determined. Testicular tissue was examined histopathologically, and the Johnson score was evaluated. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein kinase C (PKC), nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2‐like 2 (Nrf2), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were measured. Apoptosis was evaluated by immunohistochemical determination of B‐cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl‐2), Bcl‐2 associated X‐protein (Bax), and caspase‐3. Sulbutiamine administration managed to reduce BGL and boost testicular function as manifested by increased testicular weight, testosterone level, sperm number, and motility compared to the STZ group. Additionally, histopathological examination revealed an improved histological picture and Johnson score of testicular tissue after sulbutiamine treatment. Sulbutiamine administration reduced testicular PKC, MDA, and PCNA levels and increased Nrf2 compared to the untreated group. Moreover, sulbutiamine treatment suppressed apoptosis triggered by STZ as evidenced by elevated Bcl‐2, decreased Bax and reduced caspase‐3. The present work revealed for the first time a promising protective role of sulbutiamine against STZ‐induced testicular dysfunction which may add to the clinical utility of sulbutiamine. The underlying mechanisms involve reducing BGL and PKC, activating Nrf2 and inhibiting apoptosis.
Antibacterial Sesquiterpene Lactones from Kaunia lasiophthalma
Authors: Marín Edith M. , Reyes María G. , Audisio Marcela C. , Nicotra Viviana E. , Uriburu María L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhytochemical study of the species Kaunia lasiophthalma enabled the isolation of three undescribed and three known guaianolide‐type sesquiterpene lactones, and one new benzofuran. The bioguided fractionation methodology was successful in detecting antimicrobial metabolites against Staphylococcus aureus strains and permitted the description of undescribed guaianolide‐type sesquiterpene lactones with substitution patterns matching all those described in the Oxylobinae subtribe.
To flip or not: Case series of coronary angioplasty in patients with right‐sided heart
Authors: Kelley Brian P. , Glasco Shanice , Sang Charlie J. , Yoo Bianca , Yeung Michael , Zhang Jiandong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCoronary angioplasty in patients with a right‐sided heart may be difficult due to challenges in engaging the coronary arteries, interpreting angiogram, and further delivering intracoronary therapies. We present our experience of percutaneous coronary intervention in two cases and propose a practical algorithm to approach cardiac catheterization in these patients.
Pregnancy and lactation‐related osteoporosis in a 22‐year‐old‐woman
Authors: Ghassa Ali , Hodifa Yara , Falhout Qais 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageAny pregnant or lactating woman with severe constant back pain, PLO must be kept in mind due to its effect on the quality of life of the mother and her child.AbstractA 22‐year‐old woman, who delivered her first child 5 months ago and is now breastfeeding her baby, presented with mid‐back pain. After investigations, including laboratory tests, X‐rays, and bone density measurements, the diagnosis was PLO. The patient is being treated with calcium, vitamin D, and alendronate besides discontinuation of lactation.
Access to a peri‐Annulated Aluminium Compound via C−H Bond Activation by a Cyclic Bis‐Aluminylene
Authors: Merschel Arne , Vishnevskiy Yury V. , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Ghadwal Rajendra S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCarbocyclic aluminium halides [(ADC)AlX2]2 (2‐X) (X=F, Cl, and I) based on an anionic dicarbene (ADC=PhC{N(Dipp)C}2, Dipp = 2,6‐iPr2C6H3) framework are prepared as crystalline solids by dehydrohalogenations of the alane [(ADC)AlH2]2 (1). KC8 reduction of 2‐I affords the peri‐annulated Al(III) compound [(ADCH)AlH]2 (4) (ADCH=PhC{N(Dipp)C2(DippH)N}, DippH=2‐iPr,6‐(Me2C)C6H3)) as a colorless crystalline solid in 76 % yield. The formation of 4 suggests intramolecular insertion of the putative bis‐aluminylene species [(ADC)Al]2 (3) into the methine C−H bond of HCMe2 group. Calculations predict singlet ground state for 3, while the conversion of 3 into 4 is thermodynamically favored by 61 kcal/mol. Compounds 2‐F, 2‐Cl, 2‐I, and 4 have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy and their solid‐state molecular structures have been established by single crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Synthesis of Diverse Oxetane Amino Acids via Visible‐Light‐Induced Photocatalytic Decarboxylative Giese‐Type Reaction
Authors: Shi Haoliang , Wan Yi , Zhang Yongqiang 
Published: February 2024

Comprehensive SummaryThe divergent synthesis of versatile 3,3′‐disubstituted oxetane amino acids by utilizing visible‐light‐induced photocatalytic decarboxylative Giese‐type reaction has been demonstrated. 3‐Methyleneoxetane‐derived substrates are readily available in a single‐step and highly reactive as radical acceptors, allowing the production of versatile oxetane γ‐ and α‐amino acids in high yields. A distinct ring strain release‐driven radical addition mechanism was preliminarily revealed. The preparative power was further highlighted by the application in the synthesis of oxetane‐containing dipeptides and azetidine amino acids, as well as the transformation of the product into novel oxetane‐containing spiro‐heterocycle pharmacophore.
Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Etrasimod: Single and Multiple Ascending Dose Studies in Healthy Adults
Authors: Lee Caroline A. , Schreiber Stefan , Bressler Brian , Adams John W. , Oh Dooman Alexander , Tang Yong Q. , Zhang Jinkun , Komori Heather Kiyomi , Grundy John S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEtrasimod is an investigational, once‐daily, oral, selective sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptor 1,4,5 modulator in development for immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). Here, we report the human safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of etrasimod obtained from both a single ascending dose (SAD; 0.1‐5 mg) study and a multiple ascending dose (MAD; 0.35‐3 mg once daily) study. Overall, 99 healthy volunteers (SAD n = 40, MAD n = 59) completed the 2 studies. Evaluated single and multiple doses were well tolerated up to 3 mg without severe adverse events (AEs). Gastrointestinal disorders were the most common etrasimod‐related AEs. Over the evaluated single‐ and multiple‐dose ranges, dose‐proportional and marginally greater‐than‐dose‐proportional etrasimod plasma exposure were observed, respectively. At steady state, etrasimod oral clearance and half‐life mean values ranged from 1.0 to 1.2 L/h and 29.7 to 36.4 hours, respectively. Dose‐dependent total peripheral lymphocyte reductions occurred following etrasimod single and multiple dosing. Etrasimod multiple dosing resulted in reductions from baseline in total lymphocyte counts ranging from 41.1% to 68.8% after 21 days. Lymphocyte counts returned to normal range within 7 days following treatment discontinuation. Heart rate lowering from pretreatment baseline on etrasimod dosing was typically mild, with mean reductions seen after the first dose of up to 19.5 bpm (5 mg dose). The favorable safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties of etrasimod in humans supported its further development and warranted its investigation for treatment of IMIDs.
A hybrid mixed‐cells DC‐DC modular multilevel converter with balanced arm energy and DC fault blocking capability for high voltage direct current systems
Authors: Farghly Abdelrahman , Elserougi Ahmed , Abdel‐khalik Ayman , Hamdy Ragi 
Published: February 2024

SummaryDC‐DC converters play a vital role in the integration of renewable energy sources. Modular multilevel converter (MMC) has emerged as a highly promising option for high‐voltage high‐power applications, for DC‐AC and DC‐DC conversion, thanks to its distinctive characteristics. An inherent limitation of using traditional MMC in DC‐DC conversion is the occurrence of arm energy drift, leading to imbalanced voltages across capacitors of submodules (SMs). Many approaches have been presented in the literature to address the energy drift issue during DC‐DC conversion process. In this paper, a novel bidirectional hybrid modular multilevel DC‐DC converter with balanced arm energy has been proposed. The proposed converter consists of one high‐voltage valve and two legs. Each leg is equipped with half‐bridge submodules (HB‐SMs) in the upper arm and full‐bridge submodules (FB‐SMs) in the lower arm. The proposed architecture enables the parallel connection between series‐connected capacitors of the upper arm and series‐connected capacitors of the lower arm during the equalization period. The parallel connectivity enables the energy transfer between the upper and lower arms in the same leg, hence preventing energy drift issues. A detailed illustration of converter operational concept, mathematical analysis, design, and efficiency estimation are presented. The presented simulation and experimental results show the bidirectional power flow ability and the promising behavior of the proposed converter during normal operating conditions with balanced arm energy. Finally, a comparison between the proposed converter and other existing topologies has been made to show the superiority of the proposed converter over the other alternatives. The proposed converter has a lower count of insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) and eliminates the usage of isolating transformers when compared to the energy equalization modules approach. In addition, unlike the other alternatives, the proposed converter has a DC fault blocking capability.