bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A complementary codes‐based CDMA architecture for wideband mobile internet with high spectral efficiency and exact rate matching
Authors: Chen Hsiao‐Hwa , Yeh Jun‐Feng 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe future wireless communication systems ought to offer high spectral efficiency and flexibility to carry multimedia services with variable rate requirements. The data rate change should be made scalable, continuous and real‐time based to match exactly to what required in different content for conservation of precious bandwidth. The rate change in multiples of two, as implemented in the UMTS W‐CDMA standard, is clearly undesirable. In particular, the multiple access technique itself should support asymmetrical traffic in up‐ and down‐links to fit different connection modes of Internet‐based applications. This paper is to propose an innovative CDMA architecture based on complete complementary (CC) codes, which can address all above concerns. The architecture makes use of ‘offset‐stacked’ spreading modulation, based on which both high spectral efficiency and flexible rate matching are guaranteed. The proposed CC–CDMA system can support continuously alterable data rates, which can match exactly to the user demand without the need of complex ‘rate‐matching’ algorithms. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of performance enhancing proxies in internet over satellite
Authors: Ehsan Navid , Liu Mingyan , Ragland Roderick J. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractPerformance enhancing proxies (PEPs) are widely used to improve the performance of TCP over high delay‐bandwidth product links and links with high error probability. In this paper we analyse the performance of using TCP connection splitting in combination with web caching via traces obtained from a commercial satellite system. We examine the resulting performance gain under different scenarios, including the effect of caching, congestion, random loss and file sizes. We show, via analysing our measurements, that the performance gain from using splitting is highly sensitive to random losses and the number of simultaneous connections, and that such sensitivity is alleviated by caching. On the other hand, the use of a splitting proxy enhances the value of web caching in that cache hits result in much more significant performance improvement over cache misses when TCP splitting is used. We also compare the performance of using different versions of HTTP in such a system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linear and Helical Chains in Hydrothermally Synthesized Coordination Polymers [Co(bpdc)(H2O)2] and [Ni(bpdc)(H2O)3]·H2O Involving in situ Ligand Synthesis
Authors: Zhang Xian‐Ming , Wu Hai‐Shun , Chen Xiao‐Ming 
Published: August 2003

AbstractHydrothermal treatment of M(MeCO2)2 (M = Co or Ni) and 1,10‐phenanthroline‐5,6‐dione (pdon) resulted in two chain‐like coordination polymers [Co(bpdc)(H2O)2] and [Ni(bpdc)(H2O)3]·H2O. X‐ray single‐crystal structural analysis revealed that the organic reagent pdon was transformed in situ into 2,2′‐bipyridine‐3,3′‐dicarboxylate (bpdc). The different coordination modes concomitant with the difference of the dihedral angles between two bpdc pyridine rings results in simple linear chains and helical chains in 1 and 2, respectively. The one‐dimensional coordination chains of 1 and 2 are further extended into two‐dimensional supramolecular arrays by hydrogen‐bond interactions. A possible mechanism for the new hydrolysis reaction with the formation of bpdc under hydrothermal conditions was also discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Eu3+, Gd3+ and Tb3+ Complexes with 1,4,7,10‐Tetra(2‐glutaryl)‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane in Solution: EXAFS, Luminescence, Potentiometric Studies, and Quantum Calculations
Authors: Moreau Juliette , Guillon Emmanuel , Aplincourt Philippe , Pierrard Jean‐Claude , Rimbault Jean , Port Marc , Aplincourt Michel 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe stability of the various complexes formed by racemic solutions of the title ligand (L) with Gd3+, Eu3+ and Tb3+ was investigated by potentiometry. The reaction of complexation proceeds through the quick formation of metastable species leading, after a slow reorganisation of the macrocycle, to thermodynamically stable complexes. The mean numbers of water molecules coordinated to the lanthanides were determined by luminescence and EXAFS spectroscopy. This last method, applied to solutions of complexes, allowed us to precisely determine the nature of the atoms that surround the metal atom and the distance between the lanthanide ion and the various ligands. These structural data that are in good agreement with the results found using quantum mechanics allow us to propose a reaction mechanism, from the hydrated lanthanide ion to the final stable complexes through intermediate species. The specific stability of these final complexes arises from the formation of transitory bonds between the metal ion and two pendant arms, which bear carboxylate groups. The stability constants of the final complexes have high values, close to those obtained with DOTA [log β110(EuL5−) = 24.01; log β110(GdL5−) = 24.03; log β110(TbL5−) = 23.97]. This induces a notable in vivo dissociation inertness, which is essential for a potential contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Rational Design, Synthesis and Crystal Structure Investigation of Hydrogen‐Bonded Coordination Polymers of Bicyclic Bis‐Lactam Dicarboxylates
Authors: Lenev Denis A. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Kostyanovsky Remir G. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe crystal structures of the racemic coordination polymers (±)‐1 to (±)‐4 and the coordination dimers (±)‐6 and (±)‐7, containing molecular “brick walls” with inorganic coatings and molecular “brick walls” with mixed organic‐inorganic coatings, respectively, were predicted and verified on the basis of the zigzag R22(8) H‐bonded tape columnar packing motif of the purely organic racemic dialkyl 3,6‐dioxo‐2,5‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐1,4‐dicarboxylates. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Homogeneous Hydrogenation Catalyzed by Trinuclear RhI‐OsIII‐RhI Complexes
Authors: Comba Peter , Mayboroda Andrey , Pritzkow Hans 
Published: August 2003

AbstractReaction of [Os(Hbiim)2(O=PPh3)2](NO3) (H2biim = 2,2′‐biimidazole) with [RhCl(cod)]2 (cod = 1,5‐cyclooctadiene) or [Rh(OH)(cod)]2 yields biimidazolato‐bridged trinuclear RhI‐OsIII‐RhI complexes, which are highly efficient catalysts for the homogeneous hydrogenation of 1‐hexene and cyclohexene. The reactivity of the trinuclear compounds compared with the mononuclear subunits indicates that this is due to cooperative effects. This is confirmed by spectroscopic and electrochemical data. The solid‐state structure of [{RhCl(cod)}2(μ‐Hbiim)2{Os(O=PPh3)2}](NO3) was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Adducts of Schiff Bases with Tris(β‐diketonato)lanthanide(III) Complexes: Structure and Liquid‐Crystalline Behaviour
Authors: Binnemans Koen , Lodewyckx Katleen , Parac‐Vogt Tatjana N. , Van Deun Rik , Goderis Bart , Tinant Bernard , Van Hecke Kristof , Van Meervelt Luc 
Published: August 2003

AbstractAdducts of the Schiff base 2‐hydroxy‐N‐octadecyloxy‐4‐tetradecyloxybenzaldimine with tris(β‐dibenzoylmethanato)lanthanide(III) complexes are described. The stoichiometry of the complexes is [Ln(dbm)3Lx], where Ln is a trivalent lanthanide ion (all lanthanides except Ce and Pm), Hdbm is dibenzoylmethane and L is the Schiff base; x = 2 for Ln = La−Er and x = 1 for Ln = Tm−Lu. The Schiff‐base ligands are in a zwitterionic form and coordinate through the phenolic oxygen only. The X‐ray single‐crystal structure of [La(dbm)3L′2] with L′ = N‐butyl‐2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzaldimine is described. The solution structure of lanthanum(III) complexes has been investigated by 1D and 2D 1H NMR techniques. Although the long‐chain Schiff‐base ligand and the tris(β‐dibenzoylmethanato)lanthanide(III) complexes are non‐mesomorphic, some of the adducts exhibit a monotropic smectic A phase. The mesomorphic behaviour depends on the lanthanide ion, in the sense that only a mesophase is observed for the series Ln = La−Eu, not for the heavier lanthanides. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Cover Picture: Redox Chemistry of Actinide Ions in Wells−Dawson Heteropolyoxoanion Complexes (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 16/2003)
Authors: Chiang Ming‐Hsi , Soderholm L. , Antonio Mark R. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe cover picture shows the multi‐faceted approach required to unravel the complicated electrochemistry presented by Wells−Dawson coordinated actinide (An) ions, [An(α‐2‐P2W17O61)2]n− (An = Th, U, Np, Pu, Am). These An‐polyoxometalate (POM) clusters contain two redox centers: the central An ion (magenta), except Th4+, and the ligands, (α‐2‐P2W17O61)10−, for which P is orange, W is black, and O is teal blue. The formal potentials of the An ions are extracted by in situ XANES (X‐ray absorption near edge structure) spectroelectrochemistry, using the Nernst formalism. This approach provides a unique avenue to quantifying the An redox response, because the multi‐redox active centers, together with the deep blue color of the ligands upon reduction, exclude more standard experiments. The Nernst approach to XANES data provides information about the electronic influence of POM complexation, which is of fundamental interest as related to correlated electron behavior and of practical significance to separations science in nuclear waste processing. Details are presented in the article by M.‐H. Chiang, L. Soderholm and M. R. Antonio on p. 2929 ff.
The improved surface gradient method for flows simulation in variable bed topography channel using TVD‐MacCormack scheme
Authors: Tseng Ming‐Hseng 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis paper reports four different approaches to discretize the source terms for the simulation of one‐dimensional open‐channel flows with rapidly varied bottom topography using TVD‐MacCormack scheme. Compared with other high‐resolution shock‐capturing schemes, MacCormack‐type predictor–corrector method is easy to implement and does not present any additional difficulty in dealing with the source terms. To avoid the generation of artificial numerical waves, if the bottom topography shows strong variation, special treatment of the source terms is still required to eliminate or reduce the artificial numerical error caused by adding TVD corrections to the method. The computed results demonstrated that the improved surface gradient method is more suitable for simulating open‐channel flow with highly irregular bed topography by using the surface gradient instead of the depth gradient for TVD corrections and considering the balancing of the source terms and the flux gradients. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nucleotides. Part LXXIII
Authors: Münch Ursula , Pfleiderer Wolfgang 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe (2‐cyano‐1‐phenylethoxy)carbonyl (2c1peoc) group was developed as a new base‐labile protecting group for the 5′‐OH function in solid‐phase synthesis of oligoribonucleotides via the phosphoramidite approach. The half‐lives of its β‐elimination process by 0.1M DBU (1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene) were determined to be 7–14 s by HPLC investigations. The 2′‐OH function was protected with the acid‐labile tetrahydro‐4‐methoxy‐2H‐pyran‐4‐yl (thmp) group, while the 2‐(4‐nitrophenyl)ethyl (npe) and 2‐(4‐nitrophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl (npeoc) groups were used for the protection of the base and phosphate moieties. The syntheses of the monomeric building blocks, both phosphoramidites and nucleoside‐functionalized supports, as well as the build‐up of oligoribonucleotides by means of this approach are described.
Schneiderian first‐rank symptoms associated with fluvoxamine treatment: a case report
Authors: Ueda Nobuhisa , Terao Takeshi , Ohmori Osamu , Nakamura Jun 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis communication describes a patient who developed Schneiderian first‐rank symptoms in the course of treatment with fluvoxamine. The patient, a 28‐year‐old man suffering from panic disorder, developed several first‐rank symptoms during fluvoxamine administration. These symptoms abated 1 week after fluvoxamine treatment was discontinued and haloperidol was started. Although haloperidol was discontinued, no further hallucinations or delusions occurred. This finding suggests that fluvoxamine can precipitate Schneiderian first‐rank symptoms in some susceptible patients. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of nizatidine on olanzapine‐associated weight gain in schizophrenic patients in Korea: a pilot study
Authors: Pae Chi‐Un , Kim Jung‐Jin , Lee Kyung‐Uk , Lee Chang‐Uk , Bahk Won‐Myong , Lee Soo‐Jung , Lee Chul , Paik In‐Ho 
Published: August 2003

AbstractA pilot study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nizatidine on olanzapine‐associated weight gain (OAWG) in ten patients with schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder in Korea. Psychometric ratings with positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) were measured at baseline, week 4 and week 8; as were weight and body mass index (BMI). A combination of nizatidine for 8 weeks resulted in significant reversal of weight gain without worsening the psychopathology (weight: 3.5% and BMI: 3.7%). In line with studies of Western populations, an add‐on therapy of nizatidine could be an effective option for the control of weight gain in olanzapine‐treated patients in Korea. Our findings call for further evaluation of the effect of this drug on OAWG, with randomized placebo‐controlled studies, in Asian populations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An open trial of buspirone in the treatment of attention‐deficit disorder
Authors: Niederhofer Helmut 
Published: August 2003

AbstractObjectiveMedications such as clonidine have been shown to facilitate calming, to enhance frustration tolerance, and to reduce aggression in attention deficit disorder (ADD) patients. The use of buspirone was studied as an alternative because of its longer excretion half‐life, decreased sedative side effects and more selective binding profile.MethodEight psychiatric outpatients diagnosed with ADD were rated at baseline and while taking buspirone to determine its efficacy as a treatment for ADD. Comparisons of Wender‐Utah ratings within subject were used to measure behavioural changes in the subjects.ResultsDuring buspirone treatment, the patients' mean scores improved significantly overall and in hyperactivity, inattention and immaturity factors.ConclusionsThis preliminary study indicates that buspirone might be a beneficial and useful treatment of ADD, reducing hyperactive behaviours and enabling greater attentional ability with minimal side effects. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Why might language and motor impairments occur together?
Authors: Estil L.B. , Whiting H.T.A. , Sigmundsson H. , Ingvaldsen R.P. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractA step‐wise methodology is employed in order to identify common neurological factors underlying motor and language impairments where they occur together. A sample of 15 5–10‐year‐old children with predetermined language impairment was tested comprehensively using the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Ability (ITPA) and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement ABC). On the basis of these tests, only four of the sample were found to have generally poor performance both in psycholinguistic (particularly indexed by problems with visual closure and sound blending) and motor abilities (particularly indexed by manual dexterity problems—bimanual co‐ordination and drawing—and static balance. Further detailed examination of the findings fostered a number of plausible hypotheses to account for this communality. The viability of these different alternatives is discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chronic gastric volvulus and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in an infant
Authors: Anagnostara Athina , Koumanidou Chrissoula , Vakaki Marina , Manoli Eleni , Kakavakis Konstantinos 
Published: August 2003

AbstractChronic secondary mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus associated with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis has rarely been mentioned in the general medical literature. We report the case of a 2‐month‐old boy whose clinical symptoms, which included distension of the stomach and projectile vomiting, suggested the diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis but who was later diagnosed with chronic secondary mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus. Sonographic examination revealed findings consistent with a rotated stomach, and subsequent plain chest radiography demonstrated a left diaphragmatic eventration. An upper gastrointestinal series radiographic examination with barium contrast enhancement confirmed the diagnosis of mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus. Surgery was performed, and the boy recovered well. A follow‐up sonographic examination performed 3 months post‐operatively revealed no abnormalities. This case demonstrates that primary or secondary gastric volvulus, although rare in children, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients with a history of vomiting. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:383–386, 2003
Gray‐scale and Doppler characteristics of fibrous cortical defects in a child
Authors: Loberant Norman , Samovsky Maria , Papura Sorin 
Published: August 2003

AbstractWe report the case of a 9.5‐year‐old boy who underwent sonographic and radiographic examinations because of knee pain. Two fibrous cortical defects were discovered, in his right femur and left tibia; the femoral lesion was seen more easily on sonography than on radiography. On gray‐scale sonography, the lesions were characterized as a scalloped indentation of the cortical surface containing hypoechoic soft tissue. On color Doppler sonography, discrete vessels were found at the periphery and within the substance of the lesions, and on spectral Doppler analysis, low‐resistance arterial flow was detected in those vessels. Follow‐up examinations performed 10 and 19 months after our initial examination showed signs that the lesions were healing. The diagnosis of fibrous cortical defect was suggested by the gray‐scale and Doppler sonographic characteristics and confirmed on radiography. Although radiography is required to document these lesions if found incidentally on sonography, follow‐up examinations using only sonography may be feasible. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:369–374, 2003
Doppler evaluation of arterial complications of adult orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: Vit Alessandro , De Candia Alessandro , Como Giuseppe , Del Frate Chiara , Marzio Andrea , Bazzocchi Massimo 
Published: August 2003

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to analyze the role of the resistance index (RI), systolic acceleration time (SAT), and spectral waveform's morphologic characteristics in the sonographic evaluation of the hepatic artery for early detection of stenosis or thrombosis after orthotopic liver transplantation.MethodsArterial Doppler sonograms of 174 transplanted livers in 150 patients were analyzed for presence or absence of blood flow, RI, SAT, and peak systolic velocity. A qualitative evaluation of the spectral waveform morphologic characteristics was also made. In patients who had had abnormal findings on sonography, we compared those results with results obtained on multislice helical CT or angiography.ResultsAt least 1 of the Doppler criteria for hepatic artery stenosis or thrombosis was identified in 25 of the transplants. The findings on multislice helical CT, angiography, or both confirmed the diagnosis of stenosis or thrombosis in 20 of the 25 cases: in 9 of 10 cases of absent hepatic arterial blood flow, 5 of 9 with an RI lower than 0.5, 6 of 7 cases with an SAT longer than 0.08 second, 10 of 11 cases of changes to a tardus‐parvus–like spectral waveform, and in the 1 case of a peak systolic velocity greater than 2 m/second.ConclusionsThe most accurate indicator of hepatic arterial stenosis or thrombosis was a change in the spectral waveform to a tardus‐parvus pattern, with 91% sensitivity and 99.1% specificity. Among the other parameters, an increase of the SAT value (> 0.08 second), when associated with the morphologic modification of the systolic peak, is a more reliable parameter than the RI for early detection of artery stenosis, especially when the type of anastomosis is unknown. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:339–345, 2003
Study of the potential electrochemical noise during corrosion process of aluminum alloys 2024, 7075 and pure aluminum
Authors: Cheng Y. L. , Zhang Z. , Cao F. H. , Li J. F. , Zhang J. Q. , Wang J. M. , Cao C. N. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractProperties of the potential electrochemical noises (EN) generated during the corrosion process of aluminum alloys AA2024(T3), AA7075 (aged at 121°C/35 h + 160°C/20 h) and pure aluminum in 3wt% (mass fraction) NaCl solution were investigated in this study. During the initial stage of immersion, the EN amplitude of AA2024 is the largest while the EN amplitude of pure aluminum is negligible. The amplitude of the EN generated by these materials decreases with immersion time except the EN of AA2024 after extremely long immersion time (38 days in this study). Surface morphology corresponding to different stages of immersion and different types of EN were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis. The result shows that the micro‐galvanic cells formed by the constituent particles and the alloy matrix play an important role on the corrosion process of the aluminum alloys and the EN behaviors of AA2024, AA7075 and pure aluminum is proved to be strongly related to the type and intensity of corrosion process.
Numerische und experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Pulverpressen von Aluminium
Authors: Hanini K. , Doege E. , Schmidt‐Jürgensen R. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractDie Auslegung und Optimierung pulvertechnologischer Umformverfahren basiert bisher zu einem großen Teil auf Erfahrungswissen. Die numerische Simulation bietet hierbei eine kosten‐ und zeitsparende Alternative. Besonders hat sich die Finite‐Elemente‐Methode (FEM) als leistungsfähiges Simulationsverfahren bewährt. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird das Pulverpressen von Aluminiumpulver numerisch und experimentell untersucht. Hierbei wird das Drucker‐Prager‐Cap‐Modell verwendet, um das kompressible Verhalten des Pulvers abzubilden und mögliche Rissbildungen während des Pressvorgangs vorherzusagen. Durch Pressversuche werden die Materialkennwerte für dieses Modell hinsichtlich der Verdichtung und Verfestigung des Aluminiumpulvers ermittelt. Der Pressvorgang wird anhand ausgewählter Referenzbauteile simuliert. Von besonderem Interesse ist hierbei die Berechnung der Verteilung der relativen Dichte und die Vermeidung der Rissbildung durch Optimierung der Stempelkinematik.
Behaviour of (−Δ−k2−i0+)−1 outside fading obstacles, independant scattering hypothesis and applications
Authors: Dermenjian Yves , Jalade Emmanuel 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis paper deals with the behaviour of k‐outgoing solutions of −Δu−k2u=f outside a fading soft obstacle. We extend an approach using the so‐called Lax–Phillips construction and the well‐known properties of the capacity of smooth obstacles. So, classical results are recovered in a straightforward manner. The previous approach enables us to consider the case of obstacles composed of many tiny spheres. Roughly speaking, we prove that the scattering amplitude is approximately the sum of the scattering amplitudes scattered by each isolated sphere, which is an alternative form of the first Born approximation. As a consequence, two inverse problems are solved. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.