bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Brand New Memory
Authors: ñoz Elias Miguel Mu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This holiday season the Princess is in the mood for sounds. She’ll be listening to rock, hip-hop, Latino pop, and salsa. Yeah, she wants all kinds of music, the whole spectrum. That’s the advantage of being a Nineties-kind-of-person, you have a lot to choose from: Sixties rock classics, Seventies pop oldies, Eighties New Wave, Nineties New Age and Alternative Rock. And then there’s all that excellent Rockero stuff, bands from Mexico, Spain, Argentina. Cool. And also fab movie soundtracks. And what about rap? She loves some rap mixes! Too bad she has to play that music low; her parents hate it.
The Roots Of Spiritual Stories
Authors: Murphy G Ronald 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The brothers Grimm thought of fairy tales as remnants of ancient faith expressed in poetry. Through all the revisions of their collections of tales, their preface always begins with a description of gleaning, a biblical image recalling the command that the poor are not to be prevented from gathering the remnants that survive the harvest or the storm, nor the grain that has grown unnoticed by the hedgerow or the roadside. The brothers, and especially Wilhelm, who continually revised the tales over a period of forty years, found those untouched grains of wheat still surviving on the margins of religious and poetic consciousness in traditional figures of speech, common superstitions, and, above all, in old stories.
Cinderella
Authors: Murphy G Ronald 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A story is told of her, that when she was bathing an eagle snatched one of her sandals from the hands of her female attendant and carried it to Memphis; the eagle soaring over the head of the pharaoh, who was administering justice at the time, let the sandal fall into his lap. The king, struck with the shape of the sandal, and the singularity of the incident, sent over the country to discover the woman to whom it belonged. She was found in the city of Naucratis, and brought to the king and made his wife. At her death she was honored with the above-mentioned tomb.
Snow White
Authors: Murphy G Ronald 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In one of the several German versions of the story which they describe, a king and queen are riding along in a sleigh, and as the queen tries to peel an apple she accidentally cuts her finger, causing blood to spill on the snow. In others, it is a count and a countess in the sleigh. The countess makes a wish for a baby girl as white as the snow piles, as red as three pools of blood which they pass, and as black as three ravens who fly overhead. In still another version, the queen drives Snow White into the forest, has the carriage stop, and suggests that Snow White get out to pick a bouquet of red roses; as the girl is gathering them the carriage quickly drives off, abandoning Snow White in the woods.
Modernism and Prayer in the Twenties
Authors: Ostrander Rick 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1926, Harry Emerson Fosdick returned to the subject of petitionary prayer in his book Adventurous Religion. His discussion of the subject, however, must have surprised some of the traditional faithful who had enjoyed The Meaning of Prayer. As we have seen, when Fosdick discussed level three prayer in The Meaning of Prayer (requests for changes in the natural order), he maintained that such prayer in the external world was still legitimate and answers were possible. “God is free,” he had asserted, “so far as the mere possibilities are concerned, to answer any petition whatsoever No man can draw a clear boundary, saying, ‘Within this we may expect God to use his laws in answer to our prayers, and without we may look for nothing of the kind.’ ”
Victim Reactions to Gang Extortion
Authors: Chin Ko-lin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chinese businesspeople are often characterized by journalists as powerless victims frightened into silence by ruthless Chinatown gangs (Howe and Pak, 1972; Penn, 1980; Kerber and Gentile, 1982; Louttit, 1982). According to media accounts, many Chinese merchants are so often exploited by gangs that the merchants see themselves as hapless victims, and the majority not only comply with gang demands but also seem disinclined to report such demands to the police. Even those who do reach out to the police are assumed to be reluctant to testify in court out of fear of gang vengeance. Since most business owners remain silent about the crimes committed against them, it is assumed that in Chinese communities gang extortion is not only pervasive but also grudgingly tolerated.
Police claim rather defensively that Chinese immigrants are unwilling to report crimes to authorities (U.S. Senate, 1992). The police believe that a substantial number of Chinese are robbed in the subways by non-Chinese, but few com plaints about these incidents reach the police. Law enforcement officials theorize that Chinese are targeted by robbers because the Chinese ethnic group has a reputation for being generally compliant and unlikely to contact authorities.
Gang Violence
Authors: Chin Ko-lin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chinese gangs have a reputation for violence (Daly, 1983; Dannen, 1992). Since the mid-1970s, violence has often erupted in the Chinese communities in North America. In 1977, for instance, five people were killed and eleven were wounded when three assailants opened fire on customers inside a Chinese restaurant in San Francisco’s Chinatown (Ludlow, 1987). In 1982, masked gunmen shot dead three young Chinese and seriously wounded seven others in a bar in New York City’s Chinatown (Blumenthal, 1982). Similar incidents have occurred in Seattle (Em ery, 1990), Boston (Butterfield, 1991), Vancouver (Gould, 1988; Dubro, 1992), and Toronto (Kessel and Hum, 1991; Lavigne, 1991; Moloney, 1991). Most of these incidents were reported to be related to Chinese gangs, and in some, innocent bystanders were wounded or killed. Law enforcement authorities believe that the emergence of Vietnamese and Fujianese gangs, drastic shifts in political alliances among Chinese community organizations, rapid but destabilizing economic expansion in Chinese communities, and the involvement of Chinese gangs in heroin trafficking and in the smuggling of aliens have created an escalation in gang violence over the past few years (U.S. Senate, 1992).
The Poetics of Whiteness
Authors: Erkkila Betsy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his now classic study Charles Baudelaire: A Lyric Poet in the Era of High Capitalism, Walter Benjamin observes: “In I’art pour I’art the poet for the first time faces language the way the buyer faces the commodity on the open market. He has lost his familiarity with the process of its production to a particularly high degree” (105). In this chapter, I want to look at the concept of the aesthetic as a production within rather than outside of history. Focusing in particular on the poetry and poetics of Edgar Allan Poe, I want to connect what Poe called the “poem written solely for the poem’s sake” (Works, 14:272) and the emergence of aestheticism more generally with the social, political, and specifically racial struggles of his time and ours.
Black, White, and Gold
Authors: Weissberg Liliane 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ben Sawyer Boulevard, S.C. 703, connects the mainland with Sullivan’s Island, one of several islands located east of the city of Charleston. It is a small stretch of land, a narrow sandbar really, named after a sea captain who made it his home in the late seventeenth century. Now Sullivan’s Island boasts a major east-west route, Middle Street, as well as a brief extension of route 703 to the Isle of Palms to the northeast. A number of narrower streets lead to vacation homes facing the intercoastal waterway or the Atlantic Ocean. Toward the Isle of Palms, slightly newer homes appear, built by wealthier vacationers (figure 5.1). The western end, bordering Charleston Harbor, offers a slightly denser street pattern and suburbanized housing for year-round residents. The town hall is located here, and Fort Moultrie, a fortification that had served Charleston Harbor until the end of World War II (figure 5.2).
Presence of Mind
Authors: Barrett Lindon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The misadventures that constitute Edgar Allan Poe’s Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym end with, what seems to Poe’s mind, the most horrible and unthinkable of misadventures, encountering a “body of savages . . . [who] appeared to be the most wicked hypocritical, vindictive, bloodthirsty, and altogether fiendish race of men upon the face of the globe” (CW, 1:201). In landscapes, in seascapes, as well as in human anatomies, the closing details of the narrative contrast images of blackness and whiteness, marking out a world of irreconcilable divisions fixed ultimately as the clash of peoples and civilizations. These closing images and sentiments affirm that issues of race, as much as or more than any other issue, are integral to the narrative. In Playing in the Dark, Toni Morrison discusses these closing images in elaborating a figurative “darkness from which our early literature seemed unable to extricate itself, suggest[ing] the complex and contradictory [racial] situation in which American writers found themselves” (33). Morrison believes that no early U.S. writer is more important to this situation than Poe, a comment that is rare in a critical conversation around Poe that seems, at best, circumspect concerning race and, at worst, disingenuous.
Development-in-Continuity as a Sense of Tradition
Authors: Thiel John E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Of the four senses of tradition, the literal sense bears the closest resemblance to an ancient sense of scripture. It is like its ancient scriptural counterpart in a number of ways. The literal sense of tradition assigns the highest value to an ostensible meaning in the interpretive practice of the believing com munity. It is not inclined to look further than tradition’s authoritative meaning in its search for divine truth, for in it the Christian desire for the oneness and steadfastness of Christ’s redemptive message has been satisfied. The literal sense of tradition appreciates the literal meaning of faith and practice that permeates the ecclesial community in the present moment as a unity and that binds the tradition from present to past in a settled continuity. And it stays close to the “letter,” whose fixed properties are reflected in the interpretive stance that this sensibility offers.
Discerning the Senses of Tradition
Authors: Thiel John E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The senses of tradition might be understood as a taxonomy of Catholic belief, doctrine, and practice. This understanding is possible because each sense of tradition presents a traditional type distinguishable from the other three by its particular traits-the measure of its authority, its stability in the tradition, its capacity for development, its ability to garner the faithful allegiance of local communities or of the whole Church, its balancing of the values of constancy and renewal. Taxonomies of tradition have appeared more lately in Christian history. Within the settled and homogeneous authority of medieval tradition, a taxonomy of belief, doctrine, and practice was unnecessary. Medieval propagators of tradition distinguished only disjunctively between its uniform orthodoxy and heretical pretenders to it. The Christian practice of presenting tradition taxonomically is a response to the pluralism of the post medieval world―that is, to the crisis and controversy occasioned by this pluralism’s threat to ecclesial unity. A taxonomy of tradition attempts to negotiate this pluralism by showing where the unity of the Church truly lies and how this unity stands within its own diversity of beliefs, doctrines, and practices, as well as within the even wider diversity of time and place, the conditions of historicity in which tradition moves.
Anthology and Polysemy in Classical Midrash
Authors: Stern David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
No feature of midrash has drawn more attention from modern readers than its proclivity for multiple interpretation. The claim that biblical verses can be read in more than one way seems to be a virtual axiom underlying ancient Rabbinic exegesis, encoded in the oft-quoted Talmudic dictum, mikra ehad yotsei lekamah te’amim, “one verse may have several meanings” (just as, the same passage continues, “no two verses hold the same meaning”). Even if the precise meaning of this statement has not always been absolutely clear, its applicability seems to have been inscribed in nearly all surviving midrashic collections insofar as they regularly record multiple interpretations. Indeed, no editorial feature of midrashic literature seems to be more consistent than the use of davar aher, “another opinion,” as a superscription for still another interpretation.
The Prayerbook (Siddur) as an Anthology of Judaism
Authors: Tabory Joseph 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The prayerbook, or siddur, is certainly one of the most popular books among Jews. If a member of the people of the book owns only one Jewish book, itis most likely to be a siddur rather than a Bible. The siddur is perhaps the most explicit example of an anthology in Judaism and may arguably be considered not just an anthology of prayers but an anthology of Judaism -for the Jewish prayerbook is a veritable museum of the Jewish people. It contains passages from almost all periods of Jewish history, from the Bible to the Holocaust and the establishment of the State of Israel, and mementos from many of the lands in which Jews lived. In addition to its importance as a book of prayer, it may also serve as an anthology of Jewish literature, as it contains representatives from almost all branches of this literature. In addition to the prayers themselves and the extensive poetic selections that serve as prayer, one can find in the prayerbook passages from the Bible, tannaitic and amoraic literature, selections from mystical and devotional literature, philosophical statements such as the creed that begins “I Believe,” together with historical literature such as Megillat antiochus. One might say that if one were required to choose one Jewish book to take to the proverbial desert island, it would be hard to find a better choice than the prayerbook, an anthology of all of Jewish life and literature.
Midrash Rabbah and the Medieval Collector Mentality
Authors: Bregman Marc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Midrash Rabbah is one of the most popular and best-known works of midrashic literature. This is particularly true in the English-speaking world, where the Soncino translation1-sometimes titled simply “The Midrash”2-may be found on the shelves of nearly every library that includes Jewish books. It is therefore surprising how little has been written about when, where, and why this important collection of midrashic works came together as a literary anthology, despite the extensive research that has been published on the history of Rabbinic literature.
Gender and the Anthological Tradition in Modern Yiddish Poetry
Authors: Hellerstein Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1928 Ezra Korman (1888-1959), a teacher and literary critic living in Detroit, published a volume of Yiddish poems by women, entitled Yidishe dikhterins: antologye [Yiddish Women Poets: Anthology]. Clothbound, lavishly illustrated, replete with introductions, notes, and bibliographies, this book collected poems by seventy women who published between 1586 and 1927. The earliest figures represented in Korman’s anthology wrote popular devotional poetry in Krakow and Prague. The post-Haskalah poets in the late nineteenth century wrote on national and social themes, using metaphorically the images and conventions of devotional literature. The modern poets of 1910 to 1930 composed lyrics in America and in the Soviet Union, under the influences of socialism and cosmopolitan modernism. From the evidence of Korman’s collection, a reader might conclude that in 1928 women poets occupied an acknowledged and significant place in Yiddish literature and that there existed unambiguously a tradition of women writing poems in Yiddish. In fact, Korman’s anthology sets out to argue the case for such a tradition. But he was shouting into the wind.
Anthologizing the Vernacular: Collections of Yiddish Literature in English Translation
Authors: Shandler Jeffrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The cultural value that Jews have long invested in translation and their attraction to what David Stem terms the “anthological habit” converge in anthologies of Yiddish literature in translation. While these collections bear traits in common with other anthologies in the Jewish library, they are distinguished by the association of Yiddish with vemacularity, especially with the particulars of Ashkenazic vernacular speech and culture as they took shape within a variety of multilingual Diaspora milieus. Anthologies of modem Yiddish literature translated into English (the largest corpus of Yiddish belles lettres rendered in a non-Jewish language) seek to present the unique achievement of this modem secular literature to new audiences-not only to non-Jews and non-Ashkenazim, but to the growing number of descendants of Yiddish speakers who no longer speak or read Yiddish and who have a very different sense of Jewish linguistic and cultural vemacularity than did their recent forebears. For this reason, these collections are of interest not only as literary works of translation and canonization, but also as agents of cultural transmission.
Metaphor and the Sonnet
Authors: Wolosky Shira 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Word choice and the poetic line, images of comparison such as simile and metaphor, are among the primary elements that go into making a poem. They are the smaller structural components from which larger ones are constructed. To see how this works, we will now consider a verse form—that is, the overall organization of a poem—watching how smaller units fit into its larger organization. This is especially vivid in the role of metaphor in the construction of a sonnet; that is, the way the sonnet form can make use of metaphor to build its structure.
Gender and Poetic Voice
Authors: Wolosky Shira 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The question of poetic voice offers a special invitation to consider gender and its poetic roles: in what ways do women speak, in poetry, as women? To what extent do they project a feminine view-point? But gender may potentially affect almost every element of poetry. Are there particular kinds of imagery that women, or men, might introduce? Is a male stance implicit in (some) traditional verse forms? Would a woman writing in these forms then alter them? If poetic conventions make up a literary tradition, what access do women have to it? Is there a women’s tradition of poetry? Are there specific figures, or self-representations, especially associated with women (or with men)? May there even be some sort of gendering embedded in language, in its grammatical orders or usages or constructions?
Poetic Rhythm: Meter
Authors: Wolosky Shira 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With poetic rhythm, we have come to a topic that is in some sense the very heart of the matter of poetry. Yet, it can be a mistake to begin a discussion of poetry with meter. The full weight of the importance of the rhythm of the words in poetry can only be felt if you already have some experience with poetry. Otherwise, counting out the accents and the syllables seems at best mechanical, at worst meaningless. But to people immersed in poetry, the sounds of the words, in their rhythms and repetitions, are perhaps the fundamental poetic experience.
Incomplete Figures and the Art of Reading
Authors: Wolosky Shira 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rhetorical tropes involving word orders and juxtapositions, and also images of comparison such as simile and metaphor, are figures whose various terms are in some sense contained, or designated, within the language of the text. The word order of chiasmus is read out through the line. The comparative terms of simile or metaphor are each proposed within the image’s structure. X is like y in some way that names both, and indicates their connection. There are, however, structures of figuration or of representation in which the terms of the figural structure exceed the text, falling outside it in various ways. Such structures include what are often referred to as symbols, although they also implicate allegory, allusions, verse forms, voices, and other contextual and intertextual (i.e., interliterary and interlinguistic) relationships, as well as certain kinds of ambiguity. I propose calling structures that point beyond the terms immediately given in a text (as in the case of symbols) incomplete figures.
Augustin Marlorat And Nicolas Colladon
Authors: Backus Irena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Marlorat is a little-studied figure; the fullest account of his life is still to be found in Eugene and Emile Haag’s La France Protestante. Born at Bar-le-Duc in 1506, he was orphaned at the age of eight and placed in an Augustinian monastery, where he took his vows in 1524. He acquired a good knowledge of the Fathers and of scholastic theology and was soon famous as preacher. He converted to the Reformation while he was prior at Bourges and was called to preach the new doctrines at Bourges, Poitiers, and Angers. Fleeing persecution, he went first to Geneva, then to Lausanne, where he was put in charge of the parish of Crissier in 1549. Ten years later, when he was pastor at Vevey, he was called back by the Genevan consistory and sent to Paris. In 1560, he presided over the provincial synod of Dieppe while pastor at Rouen and attended the colloquy of Poissy. He died in the same year, a victim of the Roman Catholic authorities, who ordered his hanging in front of the church of Notre-Dame at Rauen on 30 October 1561.
The Esoteric Ambience of the American Renaissance
Authors: Versluis Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is a European witticism to the effect that America is where European traditions go when they die. Of course the actual relationship between European esoteric traditions and American esotericism is much more complex and reciprocal. One could as easily say that America is where European traditions go to be reborn, for this more accurately expresses the movement back and forth from Europe and England to the United States, and from North America back to Europe and England. Such a movement is precisely what we find when we survey the history of Western esotericism in the United States during the mid-nineteenth century: it is quite closely intertwined with the history of European and English esotericism. As always, however, this history is rarely if ever one of social movements so much as of remarkable individuals.
Introduction
Authors: Fenn Richard K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It Would Take A Full-Length essay merely to review the literature on the topic of secularization; it is not only large and complex but controversial and of varied quality. The time has come for a thorough rethinking of the topic. In this book I am simply pro posing that such a reconsideration focus merely on one aspect of secularization: the individual’s experience of time. I will argue that secularization exposes the individual to the experience of the passage of time without the benefits of institutions that claim a certain transcendence over time itself. Whether it is in the experience or expression of grief and mourning or in the many contexts in which individuals are required to wait, individuals in secularized societies have less social protection from the burdens and force of time. Life increasingly becomes simply a matter of time.