bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of sodium selenite on lipids and lipid‐metabolizing enzymes in N‐nitrosodiethylamine‐induced hepatoma‐bearing rats
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu C. , Selvedhiran K. , Prince Vijaya Singh J. , Senthilnathan P. , Sakthisekaran D. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractAs part of a substantial effort to curtail the adverse health effects posed by hepatoma, studies have been conducted to elucidate the possible mechanism for the anticarcinogenic action of sodium selenite against N‐nitrosodiethylamine‐induced hepatoma. Several investigations recognize selenium as potent antioxidant, as well as an anticarcinogen, in both animal and human systems. Sodium selenite was administered to Wistar rats bearing hepatoma induced by N‐nitrosodiethylamine to study the alterations in the concentration of lipid profiles and in activities of some lipid‐metabolizing enzymes. Control and tumor‐bearing animals were fed 4 ppm of sodium selenite before initiation or during initiation and/or during promotion phases of carcinogenesis. Hepatic total cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phospholipids were significantly lowered, whereas cholesterol esters was greater because of selenite administration in N‐nitrosodiethylamine‐induced tumor‐bearing rats. Total lipase, lipoprotein lipase, lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase, and cholesterol ester synthetase registered greater activities in hepatoma of selenite administered rats with tumor whereas the activity of cholesterol ester hydrolase in hepatoma‐bearing animals was lower as a result of selenite administration. These observations clearly indicate the effect of selenite in correcting the abnormalities of lipid metabolism in tumor‐induced animals. Previous evidence from this laboratory and present observations it can be concluded that the anticancer property of selenite my also be by its strong hypolipidemic capacity in vivo system. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 16:1–15, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High dietary fructose compared with corn starch does not heighten changes in copper absorption, retention, or status indicators in men fed low dietary copper
Authors: Milne David B. , Nielsen Forrest H. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractIn experimental animals, high dietary fructose exacerbates signs of copper deficiency in rats. Thus, an experiment was performed to determine whether high dietary fructose affected copper metabolism and copper status indicators in healthy men who were fed low dietary copper. Six men aged 27 to 37 years completed a metabolic unit study divided into four 7‐week dietary periods with a randomized, double‐blind, 2 × 2 factorial design with variables of 0.6 or 2.6 mg Cu/2500 kcal and fructose or corn starch as 20% of energy. Twice during each dietary period the men consumed a standardized breakfast meal labeled with 2.5 μCi 67Cu, then were counted daily in a whole‐body counter for 3 weeks after each meal. At the end of each dietary period, blood was collected to assess copper status. Neither type of dietary carbohydrate nor intake of copper significantly affected 67Cu absorption, but copper deprivation resulted in a negative copper balance. The source of dietary carbohydrate did not affect the biological half‐life of copper, but it was significantly (P < 0.001) longer when dietary copper was low (35 ± 11 d; mean ± SD) than when supplemented (20 ± 5 days). The natural log of the biological half‐life directly correlated with plasma copper (r = 0.498; P = 0.001) and immunoreactive, or radial immunodiffusion, ceruloplasmin (RID Cp; r = 0.394; P = 0.013), and was inversely related to glutathione (r = −0.510, P = 0.03). When high dietary fructose was fed, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity and RID Cp was lower, and the enzymatic ceruloplasmin/RID Cp ratio was higher during copper depletion than during repletion; just the opposite occurred when corn starch was fed. No other copper status indicator was affected by an interaction between dietary carbohydrate and copper or was heightened by high dietary fructose. The results indicate that men fed approximately 0.6 mg Cu/d for 7 weeks attempted to adapt to this low intake by retaining absorbed copper longer. The adaptation was inadequate because copper balance became negative. However, although copper status was decreased, the response of men to short‐term dietary copper deprivation was not heightened by high dietary fructose. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 16:27–38, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Side effects of lithium on rat cranial arachnoid and dura mater collagen: A quantitative ultrastructural study
Authors: Tzaphlidou Margaret 
Published: January 2003

AbstractLithium is widely used in medicine as an antidepressive drug. Despite abundant literature on the subject, questions on the effects of lithium on collagen, which is one of the major components of tissues and organs, are far from being answered. We have examined the effects of lithium chloride (1.5 meq/kg of body weight) on rat cranial arachnoid and dura mater collagen fibrils by electron microscopy and image analysis. Animals were sacrificed 1 day, 2, 6, and 12 months after the end of a 30‐consecutive days experimental period. In all cases investigated, severe structural abnormalities in collagen fibrils, at the ultrastructural level, were found. These abnormalities consist of decreased mean diameter and irregularity of shape of collagen fibrils (when viewed in cross sections) as well as marked disorganization in the packing of the fibrils. The observed alterations seem to be permanent. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 16:17–26, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experimental stress‐induced changes in trace element levels of various tissues in rats
Authors: Karakoc Yunus , Yurdakos Ertan , Gulyasar Tevfik , Mengi Murat , Barutcu U. Bora 
Published: January 2003

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effects of acute and chronic immobilization stress on the Zn, Cu, and Fe levels of the temporal lobe, brain stem, spleen, and liver tissues in rats. The animals in the acute stress group were put in the cages, one time only for 120 min. For the chronic stress groups (2h and 4h), the rats were kept in the cages daily for 2 and 4 h, respectively, for 5 consecutive days. Controls and immobilized rats were decapitated, and then tissue samples were taken. Zn, Cu, and Fe levels in the temporal lobe, brain stem, spleen, and liver were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Our results showed that acute immobilization stress causes endogenous Zn and Cu release from the brain tissues. In the 2h chronic stress group, Fe levels markedly increase in the temporal lobe and brain stem whereas they decrease in the spleen and liver. In the 4h chronic stress group, Fe levels increase in the temporal lobe and brain stem while Zn and Cu levels increase in the spleen and liver. In the acute and chronic immobilization stress groups, mobilization of Zn and Cu can be related to the induction of metallothionein (MT) in the liver and spleen but not in the brain. On the other hand, excess Fe in the temporal lobe and brain stem causes us to believe think that the brain iron transport proteins may be involved, and enhanced, by immobilization stress. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 16:55–60, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced tolerance to high cytostatic doses by means of oligoelements Mn, Se, and Zn plus Lachesis muta venom: In vivo and in vitro studies
Authors: Crescenti Ernesto J. , Croci Máximo , Rivera Elena , Bergoc Rosa M. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe evaluated, in vivo and in vitro, the increased tolerance to treatment with high doses of chemotherapeutic drugs produced by the administration of oligoelements (Zn, Se, Mn) plus Lachesis muta venom (O‐LM). Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5‐fluoruracil (CMF) were administrated to male rats treated daily with O‐LM. The doses of CMF tested covered from 1‐ to 20‐fold the dose used in human patients. Human neoplastic and normal cell lines were challenged in vitro with increasing doses of 5‐fluoruracil (5‐FU) in the presence and absence of O‐LM. Results indicated a significantly higher global survival in O‐LM‐treated rats versus Control rats. LD50 in O‐LM rats was 18.5‐fold the basic CMF dose versus 14.1 in controls. Eighty percent of Control rats showed severe bone marrow aplasia, sepsis, and secondary leukemia, while only 20% of O‐LM‐treated rats showed these effects and no leukemia cases were observed. O‐LM treatment produced a significant inhibition of cell proliferation of malignant cells, while in normal cells O‐LM increased colony formation. In transformed cells, the cytostatic effect of 5‐FU was significantly enhanced by O‐LM pre‐treatment, in contrast with the protective effect exerted on normal cells. Toxicological studies clearly demonstrated that O‐LM did not produce any toxic or undesirable effect when administered to normal animals. Whole body weight, water and food consumption, and laboratory parameters remained unchanged after O‐LM administration, even with a dose 10‐fold higher than that employed in the experimental work. Results obtained afford the possibility of applying this protective treatment to human patients undergoing high‐dose chemotherapy. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 16:39–53, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contextual constraints in knowledge management theory: the cultural embeddedness of Nonaka's knowledge‐creating company
Authors: Glisby Martin , Holden Nigel 
Published: January 2003

AbstractNonaka and Takeuchi's book The Knowledge Creating Company is one of the most influential in the field of knowledge management. The famous SECI Model, representing the four modes of knowledge creation (socialization, externalization, combination and internalization) seems to have been accepted by the knowledge management community as universally valid in conception and in application. This paper argues that the model must be seen first and foremost as a product of the environment from which it emerged, namely Japan. It is contended that each of the four modes can only be understood with reference to their embeddedness in Japanese social and organizational culture and related value systems. Thus the model should be used with caution. It should be seen as a map rather than a model; or perhaps as a special kind of mirror, which allows us to see ourselves and our knowledge management practices in new ways for directing change. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Us not them! Impeding knowledge management in supply chains
Authors: Kidd John 
Published: January 2003

AbstractFor many years following the Industrial Revolution there was a period of stability where knowledge of processes could be assimilated at a slow pace by new generations of workers: one ploughed the fields, set the seeds, and in due course gathered in the crops. Father taught son, and so life rolled on. This is not so nowadays, capital equipment is much larger and more expensive so it has to be kept working day and (often) at night, and to raise efficiency there are satellite guidance systems (GPS) to locate exactly where in the fields to administer changes in fertilizer regimes following soil and yield assessment. Statistical analyses and data management have become a dominant factor in modern farm management—as has maintaining awareness of global events and regional legislation with respect to production limits and quota systems. In other words, the pace of life has quickened, and knowledge management has become a real need. The acquisition of data has to be fast, and its exchange between workers has to be open to develop an awareness of interlinks between all the pertinent data. We know the world is not ‘ideal’, so in this paper we will look to the factors that might inhibit knowledge transfer, thus delay or deny learning. Further, as each enterprise is but one in a complex web of ‘supply chains’, we will note macro factors that may inhibit better micro performance in multinational companies as they attempt to pursue their global business and exchange their knowledge. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outsourcing best practice: transformational and transactional considerations
Authors: Kakabadse Andrew , Kakabadse Nada 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThis paper argues that outsourcing is a powerful strategic lever, which if effectively utilized by senior management can significantly differentiate the host organization from its competitors. As outsourcing is recognized as a more critical boardroom issue, it is considered that the nature of best practice outsourcing requires examination. A review of the literature highlights particular perspectives concerning outsourcing best practice. Further, the results of a Cranfield School of Management survey emphasize critical transformational and transactional considerations in pursuing best practice application. It is concluded that senior management holding a shared view concerning the strategic advantage outsourcing can provide and them attending to the details of the host organization/supplier contract, is the basis to outsourcing best practice. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Issues on knowledge coordination
Authors: da Silva Flávio Soares Corrêa , Agustí‐Cullel Jaume 
Published: January 2003

AbstractIn the present work we argue thatcoordinationis a key factor for managing knowledge within organisations. Given the classification of organizational principles suggested by C. I. Barnard in the 1930s, based on the proposition that persons in an organization should be regarded either as ‘objects to be manipulated’ or as ‘subjects to be satisfied’ (we identify these principles respectively asstructure‐centricandpeople‐centricorganizational principles), we show how this classification encompasses every management model proposed from Taylor's Scientitic Administration to the most recent ones. We also show how the same principles have been rediscovered recently within the context of knowledge management. Although structure‐centric organizational principles have been regarded as outdated in many situations nowadays, they have received more attention from information technology researchers than people‐centric ones. We analyse this fact from a conceptual viewpoint, identifying the potentialities and advantages of each of these principles, as well as their pitfalls and restrictions. The main conceptual tool for structure‐centric knowledge management areartificial ontologies. Since we have not identified any predominant tool to pair up with artificial ontologies on the side of people‐centric knowledge management, we propose one such tool, which we believe that can be the main contribution of the present work. The conceptual tool we propose is calledstructures of capability providers, for reasons that will become clear when it is presented. The article aims at providing an encompassing view of knowledge coordination, based on the principles above. We are particularly careful to show that much of what has been discussed and used today for knowledge management has been around for at least 60 years. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of knowledge management technology in customer relationship management
Authors: Bose Ranjit , Sugumaran Vijayan 
Published: January 2003

AbstractGiven the important role being played by knowledge management (KM) systems in the current customer‐centric business environment, there is a lack of a simple and overall framework to integrate the traditional customer relationship management (CRM) functionalities with the management and application of the customer‐related knowledge, particularly in the context of marketing decisions. While KM systems manage an organization's knowledge through the process of creating, structuring, disseminating and applying knowledge to enhance organizational performance and create value, traditional CRM have focused on the transactional exchanges to manage customer interactions. True CRM is possible only by integrating them with KM systems to create knowledge‐enabled CRM processes that allow companies to evaluate key business measures such as customer satisfaction, customer profitability, or customer loyalty to support their business decisions. Such systems will help marketers address customer needs based on what the marketers know about their customers, rather than on a mass generalization of the characteristics of customers. We address this issue in this paper by proposing an integrated framework for CRM through the application of knowledge management technology. The framework can be the basis for enhancing CRM development. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sperner spaces and first‐order logic
Authors: Blass Andreas , Pambuccian Victor 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe study the class of Sperner spaces, a generalized version of affine spaces, as defined in the language of pointline incidence and line parallelity. We show that, although the class of Sperner spaces is a pseudo‐elementary class, it is not elementary nor even ℒ︁∞ω‐axiomatizable. We also axiomatize the first‐order theory of this class.
The equality S1 = D = R
Authors: Grossberg Rami , Kolesnikov Alexei , Tomašić Ivan , Van Dieren Monica 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe new result of this paper is that for θ(x; a)‐stable (a weakening of “T is stable”) we have S1[θ(x; a)] = D[θ(x; a), L, ∞]. S1 is Hrushovski's rank. This is an improvement of a result of Kim and Pillay, who for simple theories under the (strong) assumption that either of the ranks be finite obtained the same identity. Only the first equality is new, the second equality is a result of Shelah from the seventies. We derive it by studying localizations of several rank functions, we get the following Main Theorem. Suppose that μ is regular satisfying μ ≥ |T|+, p is a finite type, and Δ is a set of formulas closed under Boolean operations. If either (a) R[p, Δ, μ+] < ∞ or (b) p is Δ‐stable and μ satisfies “for every sequence {μi : i < |Δ| + ℵ0} of cardinals μi < μ we have that $ \prod _{i < \vert \Delta \vert + \aleph _{0}} \mu _{i} < \mu $ holds”, then S[p, Δ, μ+] = D[p, Δ, μ+] = R[p, Δ, μ+].The S rank above is a localized version of Hrushovski's S1 rank. This rank, as well as our systematic use of local stability, allows us to get a more conceptual proof of the equality of D and R, which is an old result of Shelah. A particular (asymptotic) case of the theorem offers a new sufficient condition for the equality of S1 and D[·, L, ∞]. We also manage, due to a more general approach, to avoid some combinatorial difficulties present in Shelah's original exposition.
Topological aspects of numberings
Authors: Menzel Wolfram , Stephan Frank 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe investigate connections between the syntactic and semantic distance of programs on an abstract, recursion theoretic level. For a certain rather restrictive notion of interdependency of the two kinds of distances, there remain only few and “unnatural” numberings allowing such close relationship. Weakening the requirements leads to the discovery of universal metrics such that for an arbitrary recursively enumerable family of functions a numbering compatible with such a metric can uniformly be constructed. We conclude our considerations with some implications on learning theory.
Consequences of neocompact quantifier elimination
Authors: Baratella Stefano , Ng Siu‐Ah 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe provide some consequences of a Quantifier Elimination Property and related properties previously introduced (see [4]) in the setting of Banach space structures. We further consider some applications of quantifierfree definability, such as strict convexity via the definability of certain mapping and the continuity of definable functions.
Making doughnuts of Cohen reals
Authors: Halbeisen Lorenz 
Published: January 2003

AbstractFor a ⊆ b ⊆ ω with b\ a infinite, the set D = {x ∈ [ω]ω : a ⊆ x ⊆ b} is called a doughnut. A set S ⊆ [ω]ω has the doughnut property 𝒟 if it contains or is disjoint from a doughnut. It is known that not every set S ⊆ [ω]ω has the doughnut property, but S has the doughnut property if it has the Baire property ℬ︁ or the Ramsey property ℛ. In this paper it is shown that a finite support iteration of length ω1 of Cohen forcing, starting from L, yields a model for CH + $ \sum ^1 _2 $(𝒟) + $ \neg \sum ^1 _2 $(ℬ︁) + $ \neg \sum ^1 _2 $(ℛ).
Classification of non‐well‐founded sets and an application
Authors: Takashi Nitta , Tomoko Okada , Tzouvaras Athanassios 
Published: January 2003

AbstractA complete list of Finsler, Scott and Boffa sets whose transitive closures contain 1, 2 and 3 elements is given. An algorithm for deciding the identity of hereditarily finite Scott sets is presented. Anti‐well‐founded (awf) sets, i. e., non‐well‐founded sets whose all maximal ∈‐paths are circular, are studied. For example they form transitive inner models of ZFC minus foundation and empty set, and they include uncountably many hereditarily finite awf sets. A complete list of Finsler and Boffa awf sets with 2 and 3 elements in their transitive closure is given. Next the existence of infinite descending ∈‐sequences in Aczel universes is shown. Finally a theorem of Ballard and Hrbáček concerning nonstandard Boffa universes of sets is considerably extended.
Classical linear logics with mix separation principle
Authors: Kamide Norihiro 
Published: January 2003

AbstractVariants of classical linear logics are presented based on the modal version of new structural rule !?mingle instead of the known rules !weakening and ?weakening. The cut‐elimination theorems, the completeness theorems (with respect to Girard's phase models) and a characteristic property named the mix separation principle are proved for these logics.
On the problem of small motions and normal oscillations of a viscous fluid in a partially filled container
Authors: Azizov Tomas Ya. , Hardt Volker , Kopachevsky Nikolay D. , Mennicken Reinhard 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe famous classical S. Krein problem of small motions and normal oscillations of a viscous fluid in a partially filled container is investigated by a new approach based on a recently developed theory of operator matrices with unbounded entries. The initial boundary value problem is reduced to a Cauchy problem

in some Hilbert space. The operator matrix 𝒜 is a maximal uniformly accretive operator which is selfadjoint in this space with respect to some indefinite metric. The theorem on strong solvability of the hydrodynamic problem is proved. Further, the spectrum of normal oscillations, basis properties of eigenfunctions and other questions are studied.
Anisotropic function spaces and related semi–linear hypoelliptic equations
Authors: Dachkovski Serguei 
Published: January 2003

AbstractLooking for the best possible smoothness (in terms of the upper index of the Besov spaces) for the solution of some semi–linear equations we consider a model case of a hypoelliptic operator, which acts between anisotropic Besov spaces. To obtain the best regularity we need some properties for the corresponding spaces, which we prove here. In particular we prove Fatou, Fubini and truncation properties. We give also some characterisations of the Besov and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces.
Iterative solutions for zeros of accretive operators
Authors: Dominguez Benavides Tomas , Lopez Acedo Genaro , Xu Hong–Kun 
Published: January 2003

AbstractTwo iterative schemes are designed to approach zeros of m–accretive operators in Banach spaces. The first one is a kind of contractive iteration process involving with the resolvent and the second one is an averaged iteration process of the identity and the resolvent. Strong convergence for the first scheme and weak convergence for the second scheme are proved. The second scheme is also shown to have superlinear rate of convergence.