bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miocene caddisflies from Australia: iron-rich sediments preserve internal organs, tracheoles, and corneal nanocoating of larvae and pupae
Authors: Frese Michael , McCurry Matthew R , Wells Alice 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Trichoptera (caddisflies) are insects with terrestrial adults and aquatic larvae. Although caddisflies spend most of their lives as larvae and pupate in the water, fossils of these stages are rarely found. However, ~100 pupae and uncased larvae were discovered at McGraths Flat, an Australian Miocene Lagerstätte. Many of the fossils are extremely well preserved. In addition to external features that include a spinneret among the mouthparts and claws on the abdominal prolegs, some larvae show silk glands, parts of the gastrointestinal tract, and tracheoles. The pupae are all at the pharate stage; in some, large compound eyes can be seen, and some exhibit male genitalia. Scanning electron microscopy revealed ommatidial structures, such as rhabdoms, corneas, and most remarkably the corneal nanocoating. Two caddisfly morphotypes are preserved at McGraths Flat. The larger morphotype belongs to the suborder Annulipalpia and can be assigned, most probably, to the family Dipseudopsidae. The smaller morphotype closely resembles extant members of the family Hydroptilidae (suborder Spicipalpia). No adult caddisflies or individual wings, no immature pupae, and no larval or pupal cases have been found in the deposit. This unusual fossil record suggests an unstable palaeoenvironment characterized by abrupt change.
Association of Sickle Cell Disease With Racial Disparities and Severe Maternal Morbidities in Black Individuals
Authors: Boghossian Nansi S. , Greenberg Lucy T. , Saade George R. , Rogowski Jeannette , Phibbs Ciaran S. , Passarella Molly , Buzas Jeffrey S. , Lorch Scott A. 
Published: February 2024

(Abstracted from JAMA Pediatr 2023;177:808–817)
It has been shown that Black individuals bear a disproportionate burden of severe maternal morbidity (SMM). Some of this can be attributed to the more common presence of risk factors in this population, such as preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, and preexisting diabetes.
Cytoreductive Surgery With or Without Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer (OVHIPEC-1): Final Survival Analysis of a Randomised, Controlled, Phase 3 Trial
Authors: Aronson S. Lot , Lopez-Yurda Marta , Koole Simone N. , Schagen van Leeuwen Jules H. , Schreuder Hendrik W.R. , Hermans Ralph H.M. , de Hingh Ignace H.J.T. , van Gent Mignon D.J.M. , Arts Henriëtte J.G. , van Ham Maaike A.P.C. , van Dam Peter A. , Vuylsteke Peter , Aalbers Arend G.J. , Verwaal Victor J. , Van de Vijver Koen K. , Aaronson Neil K. , Sonke Gabe S. , van Driel Willemien J. 
Published: February 2024

(Abstracted from Lancet Oncol 2023;24:P1109–P1118)
Although the 5-year survival of patients with advanced ovarian cancer has improved, overall survival at 10 years remains approximately 13%. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) involves the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents directly into the peritoneum in combination with hyperthermia, which enhances penetration and increases sensitivity to platinum compounds by inducing a transient state of homologous recombination deficiency.
Effectiveness and Safety of REBACIN as a Non-invasive Intervention for Persistent High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Real-World Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Fei , Zhang Guo-Nan , Lei Wei , Zhou Shu-Guang , Zhang Ying , Liu Lin , Jia Ying , Xie Rong-Kai , Tian Xiu-Fang , Guo Jie , Yang Yue-Bo , Wang Xue-Feng , Wu Xiao-Mei , Sun Qi-Jian , Zhou Xu , Lin Yang , Zhang You-Zhong , Ma Jun-Qi , Liu Yu-Xiu , Cheng Yi-Fan , Chen Jian-Cui , Qu Quan-Xin , Du Dong-Mei , Wang Gui-Yu , Wang Sheng , Ling Yu-Li , Wu Dai-Fei , Zhang Chun-Fa , Lang Jing-He 
Published: February 2024

(Abstracted from Gynecol Oncol 2023;178:8–13)
High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection is an essential factor in the development of cervical cancer, making timely treatment of this infection important. The number of individuals with persistent hrHPV in the gynecological outpatient setting remains high, and no effective hrHPV drug has been brought to market.
Treating Mild Chronic Hypertension During Pregnancy
Authors: Doshi Uma , Chaiken Sarina , Hersh Alyssa , Gibbins Karen J. , Caughey Aaron B. 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the cost effectiveness of targeting a blood pressure of less than 140/90 mm Hg compared with 160/105 mm Hg.

METHODS:
A decision-analytic model was constructed to compare the treatment of chronic hypertension in pregnancy at mild-range blood pressures (140/90 mm Hg) with the treatment of chronic hypertension before 20 weeks of gestation at severe-range blood pressures (160/105 mm Hg) in a theoretical cohort of 180,000 patients with mild chronic hypertension. Probabilities, costs, and utilities were derived from literature and varied in sensitivity analyses. Primary outcomes included incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), cases of preeclampsia, preeclampsia with severe features, severe maternal morbidity (SMM), preterm birth, maternal death, neonatal death, and neurodevelopmental delay. The cost-effectiveness threshold was $100,000 per QALY.

RESULTS:
Treating chronic hypertension in a population of 180,000 pregnant persons at mild-range blood pressures, compared with severe-range blood pressures, resulted in 14,177 fewer cases of preeclampsia (43,953 vs 58,130), 11,835 of which were cases of preeclampsia with severe features (40,530 vs 52,365). This led to 817 fewer cases of SMM (4,375 vs 5,192), and 18 fewer cases of maternal death (102 vs 120). Treating at a lower threshold also resulted in 8,078 fewer cases of preterm birth (22,000 vs 30,078), which led to 26 fewer neonatal deaths (276 vs 302) and 157 fewer cases of neurodevelopmental delay (661 vs 818). Overall, treating chronic hypertension at a lower threshold was a dominant strategy that resulted in decreased costs of $600 million and increased effectiveness of 12,852 QALYs.

CONCLUSION:
Treating chronic hypertension at a threshold of mild-range blood pressures is a dominant (lower costs, better outcomes) and cost-effective strategy that results in fewer neonatal and maternal deaths compared with the standard treatment of treating at severe range blood pressures.
Health Economic Evaluation of Patients With Colorectal Liver Metastases Randomized to ALPPS or TSH: Analysis From the LIGRO Trial
Authors: Hasselgren Kristina , Henriksson Martin , Røsok Bård I. , Larsen Peter N. , Sparrelid Ernesto , Lindell Gert , Schultz Nicolai A. , Bjørnbeth Bjorn A. , Isaksson Bengt , Rizell Magnus , Larsson Anna Lindhoff , Sandström Per , Björnsson Bergthor 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
This is a preplanned, health economic evaluation from the LIGRO trial. One hundred patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) and standardized future liver remnant <30% were randomized to associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) or two-staged hepatectomy (TSH).

Summary Background Data:
TSH, is an established method in advanced CRLM. ALPPS has emerged providing improved resection rate and survival. The health care costs and health outcomes, combining health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and survival into quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), of ALPPS and TSH have not previously been evaluated and compared.

Methods:
Costs and QALYs were compared from treatment start up to 2 years. Costs are estimated from resource use, including all surgical interventions, length of stay after interventions, diagnostic procedures and chemotherapy, and applying Swedish unit costs. QALYs were estimated by combining survival and HRQoL data, the latter being assessed with EQ-5D 3L. Estimated costs and QALYs for each treatment strategy were combined into an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Nonparametric bootstrapping was used to assess the joint distribution of incremental costs and QALYs.

Results:
The mean cost difference between ALPPS and TSH was 12,662€, [95% confidence interval (CI): −10,728–36,051; P = 0.283]. Corresponding mean difference in life years and QALYs was 0.1296 (95% CI: −0.12–0.38; P = 0.314) and 0.1285 (95% CI: −0.11–0.36; P = 0.28), respectively. The ICER was 93,186 and 92,414 for QALYs and life years as outcomes, respectively.

Conclusions:
Based on the 2-year data, the cost-effectiveness of ALPPS is uncertain. Further research, exploring cost and health outcomes beyond 2 years is needed.
Diversity Management: Practical Application in a Healthcare Organization
Authors: Gardenswartz Lee , Rowe Anita 
Published: February 2024

If you are not confused, you don't know what's going on.
—Jack Welch
In commenting on the business environment today (1994), Jack Welch could have been talking about healthcare organizations experiencing the double-barreled assault on two sweeping changes simultaneously. Not only are hospitals preparing for yet-to-be-determined changes in national healthcare delivery systems but they are doing so in the midst of shifting demographics in both the population and employee base. While many make the case for managing diversity, we would like to go one step further in offering a framework for developing an organization's ability to build an inclusive environment that gets the best from its staff and provides the best service to its customers.
Primary and Specialty Care Trainees’ Perceptions About Proton Pump Inhibitor Use
Authors: Al Khoury Alex , Taheri Tanjani Maryam , Hari Bretton , Almadi Majid A. , Martel Myriam , Barkun Alan N. 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed with proven efficacy in many indications, yet longstanding controversy about potential adverse events persists. We aimed to acquire knowledge about perceptions of outpatient PPI long-term prescribing (≥8 wk) among primary and specialty care trainees at 2 Canadian Universities.

Methods:
Family medicine, internal medicine, and gastroenterology trainees completed a web-based survey that included 20 clinical scenarios assessing trainee knowledge about PPI efficacy. Contextual PPI prescribing decisions were also elicited, balancing possible PPI indications versus side effects. Management strategies were compared between junior and senior trainees, as well as across training programs.

Results:
Over a 4-month period,163 trainees (age <26 y: 12%; age 26 to 45: 88%; 59% females) participated in the survey (family medicine: 51%, internal medicine: 44%, and gastroenterology: 5%); 83% were considered junior residents. Only 42% had received formal education on prescribing PPI long-term. Overall, 93% believed they would benefit from such teaching, with 98% stating they would follow related guidelines. No between-group differences were noted in knowledge of appropriate PPI indications nor possible side effects when comparing juniors to seniors, or among different specialties. Across different management scenarios, inappropriate PPI discontinuation was chosen by 14.3% to 67.2%, whereas inappropriate PPI continuation was reported in up to 57%. Trainee seniority and specialty did not differ in appropriate deprescribing rates.

Conclusions:
Training level and primary versus specialty care settings are associated with frequent inappropriate PPI prescribing and deprescribing. These findings highlight the need for and may inform future educational programs on PPI usage.
Myoprotective whole foods, muscle health and sarcopenia in older adults
Authors: Granic Antoneta , Cooper Rachel , Robinson Sian M. , Sayer Avan A 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
Sarcopenia increases in prevalence at older ages and may be exacerbated by poor diet. Whole foods rich in specific nutrients may be myoprotective and mitigate the risk of sarcopenia. Here we review recent evidence published from observational and intervention studies regarding myoprotective foods and explore their benefit for the prevention and/or treatment of sarcopenia in older adults.

Recent findings
We found limited new evidence for the role of whole foods in sarcopenia and sarcopenia components (muscle mass, strength, physical performance). There was some evidence for higher consumption of protein-rich foods (milk and dairy) being beneficial for muscle strength in observational and intervention studies. Higher consumption of antioxidant-rich foods (fruit and vegetables) was associated with better physical performance and lower odds of sarcopenia in observational studies. Evidence for other protein- and antioxidant-rich foods were inconsistent or lacking. There remains a clear need for intervention studies designed to identify the role of whole foods for the treatment of sarcopenia.

Summary
Although evidence for myoprotective roles of dairy, fruit and vegetables is emerging from observational studies, higher level evidence from intervention studies is needed for these foods to be recommended in diets of older adults to prevent and/or treat sarcopenia.
Tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine metabolites in cancer: systemic nutritional and metabolic implications
Authors: Molfino Alessio , Imbimbo Giovanni , Gallicchio Carmen , Muscaritoli Maurizio 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
To describe the role of Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism and Kynurenine (Kyn) metabolites in nutritional and metabolic changes in cancer.

Recent findings
Trp is in part utilized for protein and neurotransmitters biosynthesis, but more than 95% is implicated in Kyn pathways. In this molecular cascade, metabolites are produced with distinct biological activities regulating the immune response and neurotransmission with potential implications in malnutrition/cachexia during cancer. Immune dysfunction is a phenomenon occurring during cancer and malnutrition. Kyn metabolites regulate lymphocytes activity and recent data in animals showed that the inhibition of i
ndoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) via 1-methyl-tryptophan determines partial amelioration of inflammation, but no positive effects on the preservation of muscularity were observed. Kynurenines seem to contribute to muscle catabolism via NAD+ biosynthesis and ROS generation. Trp metabolism via the serotonin biosynthesis is involved in appetite control in cancer. Moreover, kynurenines have a role in determining fatigue in conditions associated with inflammation.

Summary
Trp metabolism has implications in immune and energy balance in cancer. The modulation of Trp and kynurenines have impact on central nervous system mechanisms, including appetite, fatigue, and muscle wasting/cachexia. Research focusing on these clinical implications will open new scenario for therapeutic interventions aimed at counteracting nutritional derangements in cancer.
Luteal Phase Defects and Progesterone Supplementation
Authors: Collins Lucas C. , Gatta Luke A. , Dotters-Katz Sarah K. , Kuller Jeffrey A. , Schust Danny J. 
Published: February 2024

Importance
Luteal phase defects (LPDs), or an insufficiency of progesterone production during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, have been identified as a potential cause of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), but its exact contribution to RPL is not well-defined. In addition, the role of exogenous progesterone supplementation during pregnancy remains controversial.

Objective
The goal of this review is to provide an updated, evidence-based summary of LPD, including prevalence and potential pathophysiologic mechanisms, and to explore the current controversies regarding progesterone supplementation for management and treatment of RPL.

Evidence Acquisition
A literature review identified relevant research using a PubMed search, Cochrane summaries, review articles, textbook chapters, databases, and society guidelines.

Results
Endogenous progesterone plays a crucial role in the first trimester of pregnancy, and therefore, insufficiency may contribute to RPL. However, the precise relationship between LPD and RPL remains unclear. Luteal phase defect is primarily a clinical diagnosis based on a luteal phase less than 10 days. Although there may be a possibility of incorporating a combined clinical and biochemical approach in defining LPD, the current lack of validated diagnostic criteria creates a challenge for its routine incorporation in the workup of infertility. Moreover, no treatment modality has demonstrated efficacy in improving fertility outcomes for LPD patients, including progesterone supplementation, whose inconsistent data do not sufficiently support its routine use, despite its minimal risk. It is imperative that women diagnosed with LPD should be worked up for other potential conditions that may contribute to a shortened luteal phase. Future work needs to focus on identifying a reproducible diagnostic test for LPD to guide treatment.

Conclusions and Relevance
Currently, the perceived relationship between LPD and RPL is challenged by conflicting data. Therefore, patients with an abnormal luteal phase should undergo a thorough workup to address any other potential etiologies. Although supplemental progesterone is commonly utilized for treatment of LPD and RPL, inconsistent supporting data call for exogenous hormone therapy to be only used in a research setting or after a thorough discussion of its shortcomings.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians

Learning Objectives
After completing this activity, the learner will be better able to explain the various definitions, diagnostic criteria, and potential pathophysiologic mechanisms of LPD; discuss the current controversies surrounding the role of LPD within RPL; and delineate the current studies and recommendations for treatment, specifically the use of progesterone supplementation.
Reconstruction of Full-Thickness Eyelid Defects Following Tumor Resection: The Bucket Handle Modification
Authors: Gur Zvi , Men Clara , Ozzello Daniel J. , Liu Catherine Y. , Kikkawa Don O. , Korn Bobby S. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
To describe a modified approach for full-thickness lower eyelid defect reconstruction.

Methods:
This is a retrospective review of 5 patients with large full-thickness lower eyelid defects after tumor resection requiring reconstruction. For these lower eyelid defects, a lateral-based or superior-based tarsoconjunctival pedicle flap from the upper eyelid was used to rebuild the posterior lamella. In all cases, the anterior lamella was supplied from an adjacent myocutaneous flap in a bucket handle configuration. Data collection included tumor type and location, size of eyelid defect, presence of canalicular involvement, postoperative eyelid position, patient satisfaction, and complication rates.

Results:
Five eyelids of 5 patients underwent Mohs micrographic excision of basal cell carcinoma followed by reconstruction with a bucket handle flap. Age range was 68 to 96 years old (mean of 81 y). Five patients presented with lower eyelid involvement. The defect size ranged from 80% to 100% of the eyelid. Three patients had canalicular involvement and required bicanalicular nasolacrimal stent placement. After reconstruction, all patients showed good eyelid apposition to the globe with excellent esthetic outcome. No revision procedures were done. Average follow-up time was 13 months (range of 8 to 21 mo)

Conclusion:
The bucket handle flap for full-thickness eyelid reconstruction is a simple technique that allows for preservation of all anatomical layers of the anterior lamella. This technique shows promising functional and esthetic outcomes.
The Effect of Perioperative Dexamethasone on Postoperative Complications After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Chen Haoda , Wang Ying , Jiang Kuirong , Xu Zhiwei , Jiang Yu , Wu Zhichong , Lu Xiaojian , Wang Chao , Weng Yuanchi , Wang Weishen , Ding Rui , Zheng Shifan , Li Yilong , Fu Xu , Shi Guodong , Wang Jiancheng , Chen Hao , Peng Chenghong , Deng Xiaxing , Qiu Yudong , Luo Yan , Sun Bei , Shen Baiyong 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of perioperative dexamethasone on postoperative complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background:
The glucocorticoid dexamethasone has been shown to improve postoperative outcomes in surgical patients, but its effects on postoperative complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy are unclear.

Methods:
This multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted in four Chinese high-volume pancreatic centers. Adults undergoing elective pancreaticoduodenectomy were randomized to receive either 0.2 mg/kg dexamethasone or a saline placebo as an intravenous bolus within 5 minutes after anesthesia induction. The primary outcome was the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI) score within 30 days after the operation, analyzed using the modified intention-to-treat principle.

Results:
Among 428 patients for eligibility, 300 participants were randomized and 265 were included in the modified intention-to-treat analyses. One hundred thirty-four patients received dexamethasone and 131 patients received a placebo. The mean (SD) CCI score was 14.0 (17.5) in the dexamethasone group and 17.9 (20.3) in the placebo group (mean difference: −3.8; 95% CI: −8.4 to 0.7; P = 0.100). The incidence of major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥III; 12.7% vs 16.0%, risk ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.44 to 1.43; P = 0.439) and postoperative pancreatic fistula (25.4% vs 31.3%, risk ratio: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.19; P = 0.286) were not significantly different between the two groups. In the stratum of participants with a main pancreatic duct ≤3 mm (n = 202), the CCI score was significantly lower in the dexamethasone group (mean difference: −6.4; 95% CI: −11.2 to −1.6; P = 0.009).

Conclusions:
Perioperative dexamethasone did not significantly reduce postoperative complications within 30 days after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
The comparison of RBV-based competitiveness of Hungarian family-owned and non-family-owned SMEs
Authors: Varga Anna Róza , Sipos Norbert , Rideg Andras , Lukovszki Lívia 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the differences between Hungarian family-owned businesses (FOBs) and non-family-owned businesses (NFOBs) concerning the elements of SME competitiveness and financial performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The research covers the Hungarian data set of the Global Competitiveness Project (GCP, www.sme-gcp.org) of 738 (data collection between 2018 and 2020) non-listed SMEs, of which 328 were FOBs. The study uses the comprehensive, multidimensional competitiveness measurement of the GCP built on the resource-based view (RBV) and the configuration theory. Financial performance was captured with two composite indicators: short-term and long-term financial performance (LTFP). The comparative analysis between FOBs and NFOBs was conducted using binary logistic regression.

Findings
The results show that FOBs are more prone to focusing on local niche markets with higher longevity and LTFP than NFOBs. However, FOBs have lower innovation intensity and less organised administrative procedures. The most contradicting finding is that the FOBs’ higher LTFP is accompanied by significantly lower competitiveness than in the case of NFOBs.

Originality/value
This study goes beyond other GCP studies by including composite financial performance measures among the variables examined. The combination of performance-causing (resources and capabilities) and performance-representing (financial performance) variables provides a better understanding of the non-listed SMEs in terms of family ownership. The results help academia to enrich the RBV-competitiveness, the non-listed SME management and finance literature, and policymakers to design business development and support schemes. They also show future entrepreneurs the impact of family ownership on entrepreneurial success.