bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brief account of evolution of assays to study carbohydrate—protein interaction
Authors: Ballal Suhas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMolecular recognition remains one of the most desirable means of cellular communication. Each cell offers a unique surface pattern of biomolecules that makes it very specific about the nature of molecules that interact with the cell. Protein–glycan interaction has been one of the most common forms of cell signaling. Glycans expressed on the cell surface interact with an exogenous protein, and in many cases lead to a physiological response. These carbohydrate‐binding proteins, commonly known as lectins, are very specific to the glycan they bind to. An exogenous lectin interacting with an animal cell surface glycan is generally studied using the classical hemagglutination assay. However, this method presents certain challenges that make it imperative to design and develop novel methods that are more specific and efficient in their interaction. In the last decade, a few methods have been developed to analyze more diverse reactions and use a lesser amount of sample. In some cases, the processing of the sample is also reduced. This review discusses how the methods have evolved over the decades and how they have reduced error while becoming more efficient.
Handling Missing MRI Data in Brain Tumors Classification Tasks: Usage of Synthetic Images vs. Duplicate Images and Empty Images
Authors: Moshe Yael H. , Buchsweiler Yuval , Teicher Mina , Artzi Moran 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundDeep‐learning is widely used for lesion classification. However, in the clinic patient data often has missing images.PurposeTo evaluate the use of generated, duplicate and empty(black) images for replacing missing MRI data in AI brain tumor classification tasks.Study TypeRetrospective.Population224 patients (local‐dataset; low‐grade‐glioma (LGG) = 37, high‐grade‐glioma (HGG) = 187) and 335 patients (public‐dataset (BraTS); LGG = 76, HGG = 259). The local‐dataset was divided into training (64), validation (16), and internal‐test‐data (20), while the public‐dataset was an independent test‐set.Field Strength/SequenceT1WI, T1WI+C, T2WI, and FLAIR images (1.5T/3.0T‐MR), obtained from different suppliers.AssessmentThree image‐to‐image translation generative‐adversarial‐network (Pix2Pix‐GAN) models were trained on the local‐dataset, to generate T1WI, T2WI, and FLAIR images. The rating‐and‐preference‐judgment assessment was performed by three human‐readers (radiologist (MD) and two MRI‐technicians). Resnet152 was used for classification, and inference was performed on both datasets, with baseline input, and with missing data replaced by 1) generated images; 2) duplication of existing images; and 3) black images.Statistical TestsThe similarity between the generated and the original images was evaluated using the peak‐signal‐to‐noise‐ratio (PSNR) and the structural‐similarity‐index‐measure (SSIM). Classification results were evaluated using accuracy, F1‐score and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and distance.ResultsFor baseline‐state, the classification model reached to accuracy = 0.93,0.82 on the local and public‐datasets. For the missing‐data methods, high similarity was obtained between the generated and the original images with mean PSNR = 35.65,32.94 and SSIM = 0.87,0.91 on the local and public‐datasets; 39% of the generated‐images were labeled as real images by the human‐readers. The classification model using generated‐images to replace missing images produced the highest results with mean accuracy = 0.91,0.82 compared to 0.85,0.79 for duplicated and 0.77,0.68 for use of black images;Data ConclusionThe feasibility for inference classification model on an MRI dataset with missing images using the Pix2pix‐GAN generated images, was shown. The stability and generalization ability of the model was demonstrated by producing consistent results on two independent datasets.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 5
Scabies‐induced perforating dermatosis successfully treated with low dose methotrexate
Authors: Ippoliti Elena , Gori Niccolò , Chiricozzi Andrea , Di Stefani Alessandro , Peris Ketty 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe report the case of an 82‐year‐old diabetic patient, affected by a severe form of scabies‐induced acquired reactive perforating dermatosis, who was successfully treated with low‐dose methotrexate. Acquired reactive perforating dermatosis is a rare cutaneous disease, characterized by the extrusion of abnormal collagen through the epidermis and/or follicular units, mostly occurring in adult patients affected by systemic disorders, sharing itch as a symptom (e.g., diabetes, chronic kidney disease). The induction of acquired perforating dermatosis by scabies has been rarely reported in literature, and in almost all cases occurred in diabetic patients. Several lines of evidence suggest that skin traumatism induced by scratch could elicit perforating disorders in patients with diabetic dermal microangiopathy.
Effect of Vanillin Concentration on the Properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol)‐Based Films Prepared to Potentially Replace Single‐Use Plastics
Authors: Salum María Laura , Iguchi Daniela , Fernández Chevichuk Stefanía , Froimowicz Pablo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPackaging starting materials produced by incorporating vanillin (V) into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to obtain biopolymer films to replace single‐use plastics of limited degradation is presented in this work. Very homogeneous films are obtained by the casting technique. Different concentrations of V as an additive to produce the films and the manner in which they affect spectroscopic, thermal, and mechanical properties as well as their hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity balance and permeability behavior are analyzed. It is observed that increasing the concentration of V in the films increases the thermal stability, tensile strength, and tensile strain at failure, but decreases the Tg values, hydrophilicity, and water vapor permeability (WVP). Thus, the combined results suggest that these films show an excellent potential to be used as raw materials to manufacture eco‐friendly packaging materials as a replacement for non‐degradable single‐use plastics. This procedure may be beneficial in several applied areas, such as in the food industry, where PVA is widely used although many properties must yet be enhanced, as accomplishes in the present work.
Testing the suitability of Marginal Distribution Sampling as a gap‐filling method using some meteorological data from seven sites in West Africa
Authors: Koukoui Djidjoho Renaud Roméo , Mamadou Ossénatou , Hounsinou Miriam , Kounouhéwa Basile 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMeteorological data are useful in many fields related to climate change studies and their use often requires them to be continuous. To date, marginal distribution sampling (MDS), which consists of filling a missing value with an average of the data that are found in similar meteorological conditions over a flexible time window, is widely adopted in the FLUXNET community. In this work, we evaluate the performance of MDS at diurnal and monthly scales for the incoming shortwave radiation (Swin), relative humidity (RH), vapour pressure deficit (VPD), air and soil temperatures (Tair, Tsoil) acquired across seven sites in West Africa. The criteria tested are the MDS's ability to (i) fill gaps while reducing the error rate, (ii) represent proper variability within data and finally (iii) ensure homogeneity between its output and original data. We found during the daytime that MDS is adequate for filling gaps in Swin when both reducing error rate and a good representation of variability are targeted. If the goal is to have a small error rate, then this approach is recommended for all investigated variables except VPD. During nighttime, MDS is satisfactory to minimize the error when filling gaps in Tair, Tsoil and RH while to represent their variabilities it becomes more sensitive to the rate of missing data. At a monthly scale, the gap‐filled data are consistent with the original ones for all variables attributable to data size and a wider sliding window that allows more data under similar conditions to be considered.
A novel pathogenic variant located just upstream of the C‐terminal Ser423‐X‐Ser425 phosphorylation motif in SMAD3 causing Loeys–Dietz syndrome
Authors: Ishii Satoshi , Fujiwara Takayuki , Yagi Hiroki , Takeda Norifumi , Ando Masahiko , Yamauchi Haruo , Inuzuka Ryo , Taniguchi Yuki , Hatano Masaru , Komuro Issei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveLoeys–Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a heritable disorder of connective tissue closely related to Marfan syndrome (MFS). LDS is caused by loss‐of‐function variants of genes that encode components of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) signaling; nevertheless, LDS type 1/2 caused by TGFBR1/2 pathogenic variants is frequently found to have paradoxical increases in TGF‐β signaling in the aneurysmal aortic wall. Here, we present a Japanese LDS family having a novel SMAD3 variant.MethodsThe proband was tested via clinical, genetic, and histological analyses. In vitro analysis was performed for pathogenic evaluation.ResultsThe novel heterozygous missense variant of SMAD3 [c.1262G>A, p.(Cys421Tyr)], located just upstream of the C‐terminal Ser423‐X‐Ser425 phosphorylation motif, was found in this instance of LDS type 3. This variant led to reduced phospho‐SMAD3 (Ser423/Ser425) levels and transcription activity in vitro; however, a paradoxical upregulation of TGF‐β signaling was evident in the aortic wall.ConclusionsOur results revealed the presence of TGF‐β paradox in this case with the novel loss‐of‐function SMAD3 variant. The precise mechanism underlying the paradox is unknown, but further research is warranted to clarify the influence of the SMAD3 variant type and location on the LDS3 phenotype as well as the molecular mechanism leading to LDS3 aortopathy.
Molecular Efficacy of Gnetin C as Dual‐Targeted Therapy for Castrate‐Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Campanelli Gisella , Deabel Rabab Al , Puaar Anand , Devarakonda Lakshmi Sirisha , Parupathi Prashanth , Zhang Joyce , Waxner Noah , Yang Ching , Kumar Avinash , Levenson Anait S. 
Published: October 2023

ScopeResistance of castrate‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) to enzalutamide (Enz) involves the expression of constitutively active androgen receptor splice variant (AR‐V7). In addition to altered AR pathways, CRPC is characterized by “non‐AR‐driven” signaling, which includes an overexpression of metastasis‐associated protein 1 (MTA1). Combining natural compounds with anticancer drugs may enhance drug effectiveness while reducing adverse effects. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of Gnetin C (GnC) alone and in combination with Enz against CRPC are examined.Methods and resultsThe effects of GnC alone and in combination with Enz are assessed by cell viability, clonogenic survival, cell migration, and AR and MTA1 expression using 22Rv1 cells. The tumor growth in vivo is assessed by bioluminescent imaging, western blots, RT‐PCR, and IHC. GnC alone and in combined treatment inhibit cell viability, clonogenic survival and migration, and AR and MTA1 expression in 22Rv1 cells. The underlying AR‐ and MTA1‐targeted anticancer mechanisms of treatments in vivo involve inhibition of proliferation and angiogenesis, and induction of apoptosis.ConclusionThe findings demonstrate that GnC alone and GnC combined with Enz effectively inhibits AR‐ and MTA1‐promoted tumor‐progression in advanced CRPC, which indicates its potential as a novel therapeutic approach for CRPC.
Pandemic‐era changes to medicaid enrollment and funding: Implications for future policy and research
Authors: Dague Laura , Ukert Benjamin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 public health emergency led to federal legislation that changed the landscape of Medicaid coverage for low‐income people in the United States. Policy responses led to a surge in Medicaid caseloads due to new rules preventing Medicaid disenrollment, and total Medicaid enrollment increased more from 2020 to 2023 than the net increase in insurance coverage from 2013 to 2017 following the Affordable Care Act's implementation. It is crucial for scholars and practitioners to understand the implications of this continuous coverage policy and its 2023–2024 unwinding. This paper provides an overview of Medicaid enrollment, renewal, and funding policies, highlighting how policy changed during and immediately following the acute phase of the pandemic; describes enrollment increases and their composition; reviews relevant literature; and identifies key areas for research. By examining this unprecedented period in Medicaid, we can inform future policy decisions and optimize safety net programs to be effective under a broad set of circumstances.
A convolution‐based in vitro‐in vivo correlation model for methylphenidate hydrochloride delayed‐release and extended‐release capsule
Authors: Gupta Pawan Kumar , Incledon Bev , Gobburu Jogarao V. S. , Gomeni Roberto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDelayed‐release and extended‐release methylphenidate hydrochloride (JORNAY PM®) is a novel capsule formulation of methylphenidate hydrochloride, used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in patients 6 years and older. In this paper, we develop a Level A in vitro‐in vivo correlation (IVIVC) model for extended‐release methylphenidate hydrochloride to support post‐approval manufacturing changes by evaluating a point‐to‐point correlation between the fraction of drug dissolved in vitro and the fraction of drug absorbed in vivo. Dissolution data from an in vitro study of three different release formulations: fast, medium, and slow, and pharmacokinetic data from two in vivo studies were used to develop an IVIVC model using a convolution‐based approach. The time‐course of the drug concentration resulting from an arbitrary dose was considered as a function of the in vivo drug absorption and the disposition and elimination processes defined by the unit impulse response function using the convolution integral. An IVIVC was incorporated in the model due to the temporal difference seen in the scatterplots of the estimated fraction of drug absorbed in vivo and the fraction of drug dissolved in vitro and Levy plots. Finally, the IVIVC model was subjected to evaluation of internal predictability. This IVIVC model can be used to predict in vivo profiles for different in vitro profiles of extended‐release methylphenidate hydrochloride.
Factors associated with knowledge and hypoglycemia experience among patients with diabetes mellitus in Ghana: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sakyi Samuel Asamoah , Opoku Stephen , Senu Ebenezer , Korsah Emmanuel Ekow , Effah Alfred , Baidoo Bright Takyi , Arele Eugene Ansah , Frimpong Emmanuel , Naturinda Emmanuel , Kodzo Kini Evans , Amenuvor Anthony , Kwayie Afia Agyapomaa , Bannor Lydia Oppong , Ampofo Ransford Osei , Marfo Brefo Aaron , Mensah‐Bonsu Raphael Osei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmong persons with diabetes on treatment, hypoglycemia is the most common iatrogenic acute metabolic complication. Many factors influence hypoglycemia, highlighting the need for diabetic patients to recognize, and manage these potential factors in order to reduce the rate of hypoglycemia. In this study, we assessed the knowledge, experiences of hypoglycemia, and associated risk factors among Ghanaians with diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 444 clinically diagnosed DM patients from the Suntreso Government Hospital, who were on treatment for at least a year. A structured validated questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical data from the participants. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Version 20.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.ResultsMore than half (52.7%) of the study participants had poor knowledge of hypoglycemia. Moreover, 52.9% of diabetics had experienced hypoglycemia. Participants who were in the age groups of 55–64 and 65–80 years, being retired, being diagnosed with diabetes for 11–20 years and more than 20 years, taking in alcohol, and having adequate knowledge were independent determinants of experiencing hypoglycemia.ConclusionKnowledge level of hypoglycemia among Ghanaian diabetics is low. Prompt recognition of risk factors of hypoglycemia and the careful monitoring and management of glycemic levels in high‐risk groups are important to lessen the prevalence of hypoglycemia in these populations.
Compressed lithium atom under Debye screening
Authors: Doma S. B. , Salem M. A. , El‐Gammal F. N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the present paper, we introduced two approximation methods to investigate the spherically compressed lithium atom under the influence of Debye plasma. Specifically, the diffusion and the variational Monte Carlo methods are used for the first time to study this case. We incorporated an exponential screening into the nuclear Coulomb potential to account for the plasma influence. We focused our investigation on analyzing the combined effect of compression and plasma environment on the behavior of the lithium atom in its ground state. The resulting outcomes exhibited consistent pattern across various confinement radii and Debye plasma lengths . Many of the results are novel contributions, as they have yet to be explored. Moreover, the findings from this study demonstrated reasonable agreement with the limited existing theoretical results.
Quantum evolution speed and its limit in the driven double‐well system
Authors: Xu Feng , Zhang Lei , Huang Wendeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigate quantum evolution speed in the driven double‐well system using the entangled trajectory molecular dynamics method. We emphasize not only the evolution speed of the quantum state but also its limit according to different definitions. The Wasserstein 1‐distance is used to quantify the distance between distinguishable quantum states in the phase space, the quantum speed limit based on the geometry has been shown to be the strictest one. The single trajectory's contribution to the quantum speed limit is discussed, which is related to both the time evolution of the trajectory and its position in the total Wigner function. The resonance and chaos strongly enhance the evolution speed and its limit in the driven double‐well system. The resonance effect makes a large proportion of representative points pass through the well as a whole, nevertheless, the chaos makes the Wigner function disperse in the phase space.
A comparative analysis of the HUGOTM robot‐assisted surgery system and the Da Vinci® Xi surgical system for robot‐assisted sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse treatment
Authors: Collà Ruvolo Claudia , Afonina Margarita , Balestrazzi Eleonora , Paciotti Marco , Piro Adele , Piramide Federico , Bravi Carlo Andrea , Peraire Lores Maria , Sorce Gabriele , Belmonte Mario , Rebuffo Silvia , Ticonosco Marco , Frego Nicola , Gaia Giorgia , De Groote Ruben , Mottrie Alexandre , De Naeyer Geert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to compare the outcomes of Robot‐assisted sacrocolpopexy (RASC) performed using the novel HUGOTM Robot‐Assisted Surgery (RAS) System with the Da Vinci® Xi surgical system.MethodsData from 38 women undergoing RASC for a ≥ 2‐grade pelvic organ prolapse were collected (2021–2023).ResultsOverall, 23 (60.5%) and 15 (39.5%) procedures were performed using the DaVinci® Xi and the HUGOTM RAS system, respectively. The median total operative time was 123 (IQR:106.5–140.5) minutes for the DaVinci® Xi versus 120 (IQR:120–146) minutes for the HUGOTM RAS cases (p = 0.5). No conversion to open/laparoscopic surgery, perioperative complications, or system failures occurred. No differences were recorded according to day of catheter removal and length of stay.ConclusionsThis study represents the first worldwide comparison of RASC executed using the HUGOTM RAS versus the Da Vinci® Xi System. Our data suggest that RASC might be performed with both robotic platforms with similar perioperative outcomes.
Institutional dynamics and corporate innovation: A pathway to sustainable development
Authors: Akbar Ahsan , Usman Muhammad , Lin Teng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractModern corporate success is primarily reliant on a perfect balance of institutional effectiveness, innovation, and sustainability. Therefore, the primary goal of this research is to evaluate the impact of institutional frameworks on corporate innovation in developing countries. To achieve the said objective, we use firm and country data from multiple sources, and the final dataset consists of 24,166 observations from 41 developing countries during 2014–2018. For the analysis, we employ ordered probit and instrumental variable ordered probit regression models. According to the results, the success of corporate innovation in developing countries hinges on the strength of legal, financial, administrative, political, and religious institutions. Moreover, such associations stand out more clearly in nations with strong and stable institutional frameworks. The regression results show that innovative enterprises are more prevalent in strong institutional environments compared to those in poor institutional environments. These results also indicate that a strong rule of law, protection of property rights, easy access to financing, developed financial markets, an ethical environment, control of corruption, a stable political system, a democratic government, religious diversity, and freedom all contribute to corporate innovation. Moreover, institutional efficiency and corporate viability fuel the engine of corporate innovation, encouraging enterprises to create game‐changing products and services. These results contribute to the field of innovation management by considering institutional settings for sustainable development. The results have practical applications for building robust institutions and a creative culture.
Integrating climate change practices in a circular economy context—The perspective from chemical enterprises
Authors: Leal Filho Walter , Frizzo Kamila , Eustachio João Henrique Paulino Pires , Tsani Stella , Özuyar Pınar Gökçin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study describes the relationships between climate change and the concept of a circular economy, outlining the need for synergies within a company's context. It reports on a bibliometric analysis of the relations between climate change and circular economy, and it provides evidence and assessments based on a sample of 11 large companies in the chemical industry. The results show that there is a concern in the academic literature to discuss circular economy efforts to combat climate change, reduce carbon emissions, strengthen the supply chain, assess the life cycle of products, their environmental impact, and waste management, and identify barriers to implementing the circular economy. In addition, there is a close association between the CE concept and tackling climate change in how organisations report their practices to the stakeholders, in considering concepts of recycling, reusing, adopting renewable energy, seeking resource efficiency, and rethinking strategies. The study concludes by providing some suggestions that may assist companies in intensifying their efforts to reduce their carbon footprint, combining them with more circular business models. Efforts from interested stakeholders must focus on defining CE in a more detailed manner, as well as its implementation at the different stages of production and consumption, especially in operations for which no uniform approach or common practice can be established. In this context, implications for positive social and environmental impacts by promoting a faster and more proactive climate transition in the chemical sector are presented. The novelty of this paper relies on the fact that it advances knowledge on matters related to the circular economy under a climate change context, identifying current trends and suggesting some measures which may optimise current business practices of the chemical sector.