bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triple crossing positivity bounds, mass dependence and cosmological scalars: Horndeski theory and DHOST
Authors: Xu Hao , Zhou Shuang-Yong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Scalars are widely used in cosmology to model novel phenomena such as the late-time cosmic
acceleration. These are effective field theories with highly nonlinear interactions, including
Horndeski theory/generalized galileon and beyond. We use the latest fully crossing symmetric
positivity bounds to constrain these cosmological EFTs. These positivity bounds, based on
fundamental principles of quantum field theory such as causality and unitarity, are able to
constrain the EFT coefficients both from above and below. We first map the mass dependence of the
fully crossing symmetric bounds, and find that a nonzero mass generically enlarges the positivity
regions. We show that fine-tunings in the EFT construction can significantly reduce the viable
regions and sometimes can be precarious. Then, we apply the positivity bounds to several models in
the Horndeski class and beyond, explicitly listing the ready-to-use bounds with the model
parameters, and discuss the implications for these models. The new positivity bounds are found to
severely constrain some of these models, in which positivity requires the mass to be
parametrically close to the cutoff of the EFT, effectively ruling them out. The examples include
massive galileon, the original beyond Horndeski model, and DHOST theory with unity speed of
gravity and nearly constant Newton's coupling.
Resonant contribution of the three-body decay process
in perturbative QCD*
Authors: Lü 吕 Gang 刚 , Zhang 张 Chang-Chang 畅畅 , Zhao 赵 Yan-Lin 艳琳 , Zhang 张 Li-Ying 丽英 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate CP violation in the decay process

by considering the interference effects of

,

, and

within the framework of the perturbative QCD method (P refers to π, K, η, and

pseudoscalar mesons). We analyze the mixings of

,

, and

and provide the amplitudes of the quasi-two-body decay processes. The CP violation for the

decay process is obvious in the ranges of the three vector meson interferences. Meanwhile, the localized CP violation can be found to compare with the experimental results from the three-body decay process at the LHC in the near future.
From masses and radii of neutron stars to EOS of nuclear matter through neural network*
Authors: Wu 武 Zehan 则晗 , Wen 文 Dehua 德华 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The equation of state (EOS) of dense nuclear matter is a key factor for determining the internal structure and properties of neutron stars. However, the EOS of high-density nuclear matter has great uncertainty, mainly because terrestrial nuclear experiments cannot reproduce matter as dense as that in the inner core of a neutron star. Fortunately, continuous improvements in astronomical observations of neutron stars provide the opportunity to inversely constrain the EOS of high-density nuclear matter. Several methods have been proposed to implement this inverse constraint, including the Bayesian analysis algorithm, the Lindblom's approach, and so on. Neural network algorithm is an effective method developed in recent years. By employing a set of isospin-dependent parametric EOSs as the training sample of a neural network algorithm, we set up an effective way to reconstruct the EOS with relative accuracy using a few mass-radius data. Based on the obtained neural network algorithms and according to the NICER observations on masses and radii of neutron stars with assumed precision, we obtain the inversely constrained EOS and further calculate the corresponding macroscopic properties of the neutron star. The results are basically consistent with the constraint on EOS in Huth et al. [Nature 606, 276 (2022)] based on Bayesian analysis. Moreover, the results show that even though the neural network algorithm was obtained using the finite parameterized EOS as the training set, it is valid for any rational parameter combination of the parameterized EOS model.
Application of Generalized Poisson Regression for the development of modeling motorcycle accidents based on rider characteristics
Authors: Dinnullah R N I , Abusini S , Fitriani R , Marjono  
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Motorcycles are a mode of transportation that has experienced many traffic accidents in developing countries. This incident can occur intentionally or not and cause great loss of life and property. Therefore, this work aims to develop a model of the number of motorcycle accidents based on driver characteristics using Generalized Poisson Regression in East Java Province, Indonesia. The modeling can identify the relationship between the number of motorcycle accidents with variables that contribute to accident based on driver characteristics. This characteristic is a combination of socioeconomic factors and movements. Research analysis includes descriptive statistics and accident modeling using Generalized Poisson Regression Models. Model parameter values are estimated using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) approach. The optimal solution for parameter estimation uses the Newton-Raphson algorithm. The results found two models and then selected the best model. Based on the parameter significance test, the population density, the percentage of low education, the gender ratio, and the percentage of accident perpetrators without a driver’s license significantly impact the number of motorcycle accidents in East Java Province.
Investigation of the negative speed’s effect on the base of the braitenberg vehicle
Authors: Zhou Tong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Braitenberg vehicle has been applied to various areas. However, it’s noticeable that Braitenberg assumes the vehicle’s speed always remain positive, which implies that certain behaviors, such as moving backward is unlikely to be achieved. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the combination of positive speed and negative speed on the basis of the Braitenberg vehicle and analyze its effects on the vehicle’s behaviors. Three functions are used: a simple non-continuous function, a linear function and an inverse proportional function. Trajectories resulting from each are categorized into certain behaviors and discussed.
Simulation and discussion of typical radio frequency filters
Authors: Chen Xueying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The demand for filters is increasing as the frequency bands for 5G expand. RF filters become the segment with the largest market share of RF front-end chips. More crowded frequency bands, as well as thinner and lighter communication equipment, necessitate higher filter performance. In this paper, several technologies for the implementation of Radio Frequency filter are presented. Essentially three types are considered: (i) Lumped Element (LC) Filter and Integrated Passive Devices (IPD) technology; (ii) Acoustic Wave Filter; and (iii) a composite filter design that combines acoustic and IPD technologies. Benefits and drawbacks of these diverse configurations in terms of their technical performance and current applications are examined, and several models are presented and simulated using ADS software.
A comparison of FLC MPPT techniques and HC MPPT techniques for photovoltaic systems
Authors: Li Yikai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine the behaviour of various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods used with PV systems. The methodologies of hill climbing (HC) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) are assessed in this paper. PV module and DC/DC boost converter models were simulated using PSIM and Simulink software with various MPPT strategies. The PSIM and Simulink software programmes were founder throughout the FLC MPPT method’s development. To employ each software for specific system components, the co-simulation was conducted. The effectiveness of the various MPPT approaches was assessed in response to rapidly varying weather conditions. The results show that for most of the tested MPPT approaches’ usual working ranges, FLC outperforms the HC MPPT approach in transient behavior and constant.
Review of current mechanical design in agricultural end effector
Authors: Guo Bingqing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Agricultural robots have become increasingly crucial in precise agriculture. This paper reviews recent developments in end-effectors applied in the robotic harvesting of fruits and vegetables. The control and harvest function of the end-effector is the focus. Different structures are categorized based on their properties. Advantages and limitations in each category are introduced. For the collection method, the hard-grab method is very popularly for low difficulties and the soft one can protect the fruits adequately and can harvest different fruits of similar size; double-finger type is used widely with the advantages of low cost, while the multi-finger type has the much higher stability. The collection method is divided into the cutting and twisting methods. The former is applied for low difficulties but may spread diseases among plants; therefore, thermal cutting, namely using high temperature to separate stem and crop, and the twisting method is used. Overall, different types of end-effectors show various advantages. With consideration of the target crop physical properties, a proper decision for the harvester can be made.
Comparison and analysis of different ECG denoising methods
Authors: Zhou Weiheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the improvement of medical level, electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used for disease diagnosis. A lot of pathological and physiological information is contained in the ECG, which can be used to record the point activity of normal human heart and diagnose various heart disease. However, the acquired ECG signals are always contaminated with noise which caused by acquisition equipment or other circumstance. Therefore, Efficient denoising method is very important. In this paper, three typical ECG signal denoising methods are listed, including FIR filtering, wavelet filtering and EMD filtering. In this paper, the principles of the three filtering methods are introduced in detail, and their effects are compared. By comparison, it intuitively shows the processing effects of each method on ECG signals. Meanwhile, a simple Butterworth filter is designed to denoise a standard wave, which represents the logic knowledge related to denoising. It is very significant for the medical signal processing field and help to research more effective signal processing methods.
Comparison and analysis of various deep learning models for super-resolution reconstruction of turbulent flows
Authors: Yin Hang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Single image super-resolution (SR) has become a promising research topic, with many deep learning-based models invented to reconstruct high-fidelity high-resolution (HR) images from low-resolution (LR) images. Motivated by a large amount of turbulent flow field data collected by experimental measurements and numerical simulation, researchers begin investigating the application of these data-driven deep learning models to conduct SR reconstruction of LR flow field data. Due to the limitations of experimental equipment and computing power, sometimes researchers can only obtain LR data. However, deep learning models can quickly reconstruct HR spatial-temporal turbulent data from LR data so that researchers can easily conduct further qualitative and quantitative analyses. This article reviews the development of flow field data SR reconstruction models and the problems encountered from the two aspects of network structure and loss function definition. Finally, we propose the research direction of applying the conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) to turbulent flow SR reconstruction since seldom study has been conducted in this field.
xCovNet: A wide deep learning model for CXR-based COVID-19 detection
Authors: Jana Aryyama Kumar , Paul Rudrendu Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The high death toll and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic emphasize the need for effective population screening technologies. The high cost, limited availability, and slow nature of CT scans and PCR-based tests renders them impractical for frequent use among the general public. As chest X-ray (CXR) imaging is fast and economical, a high accuracy CXR-based test would be well-suited for such screenings. Deep learning algorithms are widely used to aid medical image diagnoses. We use a collection of state-of-the-art pre-trained deep neural network models with additional layers to detect the COVID-19 cases from a sample of healthy, COVID-19, and pneumonia patients. We observed models trained with concatenated features of multiple pre-trained deep learning architectures outperform the individual and ensemble models. Our final model obtained a recall of greater than 98% and a precision of greater than 95% on two separate datasets. The wide architecture of xCovNet may contribute to its robust behavior, providing a systematic approach to construct a reliable deep learning model for emerging datasets.
Does Tobacco Smoking Increase Social Isolation? A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Matsuyama Yusuke , Tabuchi Takahiro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the causal effect of smoking on social isolation among older adults in England. Data from older adults of European ancestry who participated in 1 or more waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, from wave 1 (2002/2003) to wave 9 (2018/2019), were analyzed (n = 43,687 observations from 7,008 individuals; mean age = 68.50 years). The effect of current smoking on social isolation (ranging from 0 to 5) was estimated by 2-stage least squares regression using a polygenic score (PGS) for smoking cessation as the instrument. A low PGS for smoking cessation predicted current smoking (per 1–standard-deviation lower PGS, coefficient = 0.023, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.015, 0.030; F = 36.420). The second-stage regression showed that current smoking increased social isolation by 1.205 points (95% CI: 0.308, 2.101). The association was larger for persons with higher socioeconomic backgrounds: 2.501 (95% CI: −0.024, 5.026) and 0.696 (95% CI: −0.294, 1.686) for those with higher and lower educational levels, respectively. This study showed that current smoking instrumented by a PGS for smoking cessation was associated with social isolation. Assuming that the PGS served as a valid instrument in this study, the findings support an effect of smoking on social isolation.
A systematic literature review to explore sustainable energy development practices in Mozambique
Authors: Lazaro Samuel Aires Master , Baba Vanessa Fathia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study thoroughly evaluates sustainable energy practices in Mozambique, identifies suitable activities and suggests future research directions. The authors meticulously detail the research tasks undertaken to achieve the primary objective of the study, including organizing articles by publication year, journal and conference papers; identifying the most frequently cited articles; and recognizing countries that have made significant contributions to the concept of sustainable energy. The study highlights the most relevant sustainable energy development practices for Mozambique, identifies suitable activities and suggests future research directions. Through rigorous analysis, six significant areas of sustainable energy development were identified, including renewable energy (RE) resources, environmental science, social sciences, computer science, management and accounting, and Earth and planetary sciences. The study used Scopus as the selected multidisciplinary peer-reviewed citation database on 20 February 2023, resulting in 76 publications. The study has been conducted nationwide for several months and thoroughly investigates various resources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy. It achieves this by evaluating and characterizing the power generation potential of each RE resource and, in addition, identifying and examining numerous projects at the technical and economic feasibility level to promote the potential of projects and the advantages of RE for the sustainable development of Mozambique. The findings indicate that for sustainable energy development in Mozambique, it is crucial to introduce more policies to support the effectiveness of RE systems while involving the private sector. To achieve this, measures such as reducing investment risks, guaranteeing investment returns and establishing a transparent regulatory framework are required. These steps will attract substantial investments, resolve conflicts and motivate key stakeholders to actively participate in the process.
Capturing Data on Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Trends in Use in Regions of Asia (CAPTURA)
Authors: Holm Marianne , MacWright William R , Poudyal Nimesh , Shaw Alina , Joh Hea Sun , Gallagher Patrick , Kim Jong-Hoon , Shaikh Affan , Seo Hye Jin , Kwon Soo Young , Prifti Kristi , Dolabella Brooke , Taylor Ben E W , Yeats Corin , Aanensen David M , Stelling John , Marks Florian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
In 2015, the UK government established the Fleming Fund with the aim to address critical gaps in surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in low- and middle-income countries in Asia and Africa. Among a large portfolio of grants, the Capturing Data on Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Trends in Use in Regions of Asia (CAPTURA) project was awarded with the specific objective of expanding the volume of historical data on AMR, consumption (AMC), and use (AMU) in the human healthcare sector across 12 countries in South and Southeast Asia.

Methods
Starting in early 2019, the CAPTURA consortium began working with local governments and &gt;100 relevant data-holding facilities across the region to identify, assess for quality, prioritize, and subsequently retrieve data on AMR, AMC, and AMU. Relevant and shared data were collated and analyzed to provide local overviews for national stakeholders as well as regional context, wherever possible.

Results
From the vast information resource generated on current surveillance capacity and data availability, the project has highlighted gaps and areas for quality improvement and supported comprehensive capacity-building activities to optimize local data-collection and -management practices.

Conclusions
The project has paved the way for expansion of surveillance networks to include both the academic and private sector in several countries and has actively engaged in discussions to promote data sharing at the local, national, and regional levels. This paper describes the overarching approach to, and emerging lessons from, the CAPTURA project, and how it contributes to other ongoing efforts to strengthen national AMR surveillance in the region and globally.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Twice-daily Ritonavir-boosted Atazanavir With Rifampicin
Authors: Gausi Kamunkhwala , Mugerwa Henry , Siccardi Marco , Montanha Maiara Camotti , Lamorde Mohammed , Wiesner Lubbe , D’Avolio Antonio , McIlleron Helen , Wilkins Edmund , De Nicolò Amedeo , Maartens Gary , Khoo Saye , Kityo Cissy , Denti Paolo , Waitt Catriona 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Critical drug-drug interactions (DDI) and hepatotoxicity complicate concurrent use of rifampicin and protease inhibitors. We investigated whether dose escalation of atazanavir/ritonavir could safely overcome the DDI with rifampicin.

Methods
DERIVE (NCT04121195, EDCTP) was a dose-escalation trial in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on atazanavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Uganda. Four intensive pharmacokinetic (PK) visits were performed: PK1 300/100 mg OD (baseline); PK2 300/100 mg OD with rifampicin 600 mg; PK3 300/100 mg twice a day (BID) with rifampicin 600 mg OD; PK4 300/100 mg BID with rifampicin 1200 mg OD. Dolutegravir 50 mg BID throughout the study period ensured participants remained protected from subtherapeutic atazanavir concentrations. The data were interpreted with noncompartmental analysis. The target minimum concentration was atazanavir's protein-adjusted IC90 (PA-IC90), 0.014 mg/L.

Results
We enrolled 26 participants (23 female) with median (range) age 44 (28–61) years and weight 67 (50–75) kg. Compared with PK1, atazanavir Ctau, and AUC were significantly reduced at PK2 by 96% and 85%, respectively. The escalation to BID dosing (PK3) reduced this difference in Ctau, and AUC24 to 18% lower and 8% higher, respectively. Comparable exposures were maintained with double doses of rifampicin. Lowest Ctau during PK1, PK3, and PK4 were 12.7-, 4.8-, and 8.6-fold higher than PA-IC90, respectively, whereas 65% of PK2 Ctau were below the limit of quantification (0.03 mg/L), hence likely below PA-IC90. No participant developed significant elevation of liver enzymes, reported a serious adverse event (SAE) or experienced rebound viraemia.

Conclusions
Twice daily atazanavir/ritonavir during rifampicin co-administration was well tolerated and achieved plasma concentrations above the target.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04121195. Registered on 09 October 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04121195.
Fourth Chromosome Resource Project: a comprehensive resource for genetic analysis in Drosophila that includes humanized stocks
Authors: Stinchfield Michael J , Weasner Brandon P , Weasner Bonnie M , Zhitomersky David , Kumar Justin P , O’Connor Michael B , Newfeld Stuart J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The fourth chromosome is the final frontier for genetic analysis in Drosophila. Small, heterochromatic, and devoid of recombination the fourth has long been ignored. Nevertheless, its long arm contains 79 protein-coding genes. The Fourth Chromosome Resource Project (FCRP) has a goal of facilitating the investigation of genes on this neglected chromosome. The project has 446 stocks publicly available at the Bloomington and Kyoto stock centers with phenotypic data curated by the FlyBase and FlyPush resources. Four of the five stock sets are nearly complete: (1) UAS.fly cDNAs, (2) UAS.human homolog cDNAs, (3) gene trap mutants and protein traps, and (4) stocks promoting meiotic and mitotic recombination on the fourth. Ongoing is mutagenesis of each fourth gene on a new FRT-bearing chromosome for marked single-cell clones. Beyond flies, FCRP facilitates the creation and analysis of humanized fly stocks. These provide opportunities to apply Drosophila genetics to the analysis of human gene interaction and function. In addition, the FCRP provides investigators with confidence through stock validation and an incentive via phenotyping to tackle genes on the fourth that have never been studied. Taken together, FCRP stocks will facilitate all manner of genetic and molecular studies. The resource is readily available to researchers to enhance our understanding of metazoan biology, including conserved molecular mechanisms underlying health and disease.