bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the synthetic estrogen ethinylestradiol on early life stages of mink frogs and green frogs in the wild and in situ
Authors: Park Bradley J. , Kidd Karen 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Estrogenic contaminants are known to disrupt growth and development in amphibians. Field-based research is needed to elucidate their potential impacts on wild populations. Hatch success, larval growth and development rates, and gonad development were examined in native amphibians exposed to low ng/L concentrations of 17α-efhinylestradiol (EE2) in a whole-lake addition experiment at the Experimental Lakes Area, northwestern Ontario, Canada. Egg masses were reared in situ in the EE2-amended lake and in two reference lakes in 2001 and 2002. Hatching success was reduced significantly in green frogs (Rana clamitans) but not in mink frogs (Rana septentrionalis) exposed to EE2. Ethinylestradiol had no consistent effect on mass or development stage of hatchlings in the early larval stages of the caging study. Ethinylestradiol had no effect on sex ratios of either species in situ, and no intersex gonads were observed in exposed or reference green frog tadpoles or in reference mink frog tadpoles. However, 5.6% (total n = 18) and 12.5% (total n = 56) of EE2-exposed mink frog tadpoles were intersex in the 2001 and 2002 caging studies, respectively. Wild mink frog tadpoles also were examined, and EE2 had no effect on sex ratios. No intersex gonads were observed in reference lake tadpoles or in tadpoles from the experimental lake prior to EE2 additions; however, 2.4, 0, and 28.6% of wild EE2-exposed first-year tadpoles had intersex gonads (2001, 2002, and 2003, respectively). These results indicate that exposure to EE2 in the wild and in situ at concentrations comparable to those detected in effluents and, occasionally, in surface waters can impact gonad development and hatch success in native amphibians.
Reproductive, physiological, and biochemical responses in juvenile female rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to sediment from pulp and paper mill industrial discharge areas
Authors: Orrego Rodrigo , Moraga-Cid Gustavo , González Margarita , Barra Ricardo , Valenzuela Ariel , Burgos Abed , Gavilán Juan F. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Four pulp and paper mills discharge their effluents in the same section of the Biobio River in central southern Chile. Pulp mill effluents are a very complex mixture with characteristics that depend on the type of raw material, the process technology, and the effluent treatment. To investigate the effect of pulp mill effluent discharges, immature Oncorhynchus mykiss were exposed to river sediments in the laboratory for 29 d. Three sampling areas were defined in a spatial gradient in the river: Preimpact, impact, and postimpact zones relative to the pulp and paper mill discharge areas. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activities were significantly higher in fish exposed to impact and postimpact sediments when compared to those exposed to preimpact sediments, and higher levels of vitellogenin were observed in the plasma of female fish exposed to impact and postimpact sediments. Histological analysis of the gonadal tissue showed an induction of gonadal maturation in fish exposed to sediment coming from the impact and postimpact zones (oocytes in a vitellogenic state). No site differences were observed in erythrocytes, although differences were noted in the leukocytes in the exposure areas. Finally, the biomarker approach showed evidence that the sediment associated with pulp mill effluent discharges produces some effects in fish under laboratory conditions.
Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal japanese waters
Authors: Kurihara Ryo , Shiraishi Fujio , Tanaka Noriho , Hashimoto Shinya 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
An analytical method was developed to measure levels of anthracene (ANT) and its derivative compounds 9,10-anthraquinone (ATQ) and eight hydroxy-anthraquinones (hATQs) in seawater from Tokyo Bay and Suruga Bay, Japan. The hATQs produced through photochemical reaction of ANT are known to be toxic. Seawater samples contained ANT at levels ranging from &lt;0.2 to 4.7 ng/L, ATQ from 3.9 to 200 ng/L, 1-hydroxyanthraquinone (1-hATQ) from &lt;0.9 to 5.3 ng/L, and 2-hATQ from 1.6 to 5.5 ng/L. The yeast two-hybrid system was also used to evaluate the estrogenic activity of these compounds. Estrogen agonist and antagonist tests with or without rat liver S9 were carried out. Some compounds showed estrogenic activity: The strongest (2-hydroxyanthraquinone) was of similar potency to p-nonylphenol. Concentrations of some estrogenic derivatives in the samples were higher than those of the parent ANT. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as ANT appear able to be transformed into toxic compounds in the environment when they are irradiated by sunlight, so it is important to monitor not only PAHs but also hydroxyl-PAH-quinones in the environment.
Laboratory culture and life-cycle experiments with the benthic amphipod melita plumulosa (zeidler)
Authors: Hyne Ross V. , Gale Sharyn A. , King Catherine K. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
In Australia, the collection of estuarine invertebrates from the field for whole-sediment toxicity tests is hindered because of temporal variability in their population densities and distributions. The present study aimed to develop culturing procedures for Melita plumulosa (Zeidler), an epibenthic and intertidal, deposit-feeding amphipod that is native to the southeastern coast of Australia. During a 28-d chronic exposure, the species was tested under a range of salinities (5–35‰), temperatures (14–25°C), and sediment particle sizes (sand to silt). Optimal culture conditions with respect to salinity, temperature, sediment particle size, feeding, and light regimes were determined. Compared to survival, amphipod growth and fertility were better predictors of optimal culture conditions. A life-history experiment was undertaken at the initial culture conditions of 22°C and 35‰ salinity to establish the age at maturity, length of reproductive cycle, and life span for each sex. Under these test conditions, posthatch female M. plumulosa released their first offspring at seven weeks, after which each female produced an average of nine juveniles every 16 d. Male M. plumulosa had an average life span of eight months, whereas females had an average life span of 11 months. Optimal culturing conditions established in the present study have been incorporated into toxicity test procedures with this species and are being used to maximize reproductive output of this species in laboratory cultures to provide a supply of juveniles for routine use in whole-sediment toxicity tests.
A short-term sublethal in situ toxicity assay with hediste diversicolor (polychaeta) for estuarine sediments based on postexposure feeding
Authors: Moreira Susana Maria , Moreira-Santos Matilde , Guilhermino Lúcia , Ribeiro Rui 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
This study evaluated a short-term sublethal endpoint for in situ toxicity assays for estuarine sediments, based on postexposure feeding of the polychaete Hediste (Nereis) diversicolor Müller. A method for precisely quantifying postexposure feeding rates of H. diversicolor was established under laboratory conditions using Artemia franciscana Kellog nauplii. The sensitivity of the postexposure feeding response to copper was investigated by comparing postexposure feeding rates to growth and lethality. The 48-h and 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) of copper were 241 and 125 μg/L, respectively, whereas the 48-h median inhibitory concentration (IC50) for postexposure feeding and the 20-d IC50 for growth were 52 and 25 μg/L of copper, respectively. The influence of different exposure conditions (substrate, temperature, salinity, food availability, and light) on H. diversicolor postexposure feeding was assessed; temperature and salinity were found to influence significantly postexposure feeding. The effectiveness of the proposed in situ assay was investigated by deploying it at two reference and six contaminated Portuguese estuaries. A 48-h exposure period was followed by a 1-h postexposure feeding period. High organism recoveries (89–100%) were obtained. Postexposure feeding was depressed significantly (17–90%) at all contaminated sites relatively to reference sites. The proposed in situ assay with H. diversicolor was shown to be a potential useful tool for estuarine sediment toxicity testing.
Influence of water temperature on acetylcholinesterase activity in the pacific tree frog (hyla regilla)
Authors: Johnson Catherine S. , Schwarzbach Steven E. , Henderson John D. , Wilson Barry W. , Tjeerdema Ronald S. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
This investigation evaluated whether acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in Pacific tree frogs (Hyla regilla) from different geographical locations was influenced by different temperatures during early aquatic life stages, independent of pesticide exposure. Tadpoles were collected from both a California coastal pond and a Sierra Nevada mountain range pond, USA. Groups of frogs from each location were raised in temperatures representative of either the Sierra Nevada (8°C) or the coastal (19°C) location. Metamorphs from both locations raised as tadpoles at 19°C had AChE activities of 42.3 and 38.7 nm/min/mg protein, while those raised as tadpoles at 8°C had activities of 26.9 and 28.2 nm/min/mg protein. A two-way analysis of variance revealed temperature to be the significant factor in determining AChE activity (F = 22.3, p &lt; 0.001), although origin was not important (F = 0.09, p = 0.75). Interpretations regarding the influence of pesticides upon AChE activity in Pacific tree frogs must consider the influence of environmental temperature to enable cross-population comparisons.
Reduction in acute toxicity of soils to terrestrial oligochaetes following the removal of bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with mild supercritical carbon dioxide extraction
Authors: Hawthorne Steven B. , Lanno Roman , Kreitinger Joseph P. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Three soil samples contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that caused 100% mortality to terrestrial oligochaetes were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide to remove the bioavailable fraction of PAHs. Although the remaining PAH concentrations were high after supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), 650 to 8,000 mg/kg, acute toxicity to Eisenia fetida and Enchytraeus albidus essentially was eliminated. These results demonstrate that mild SFE with pure carbon dioxide preferentially extracts PAH molecules that are bioavailable toxicologically to the oligochaetes, although biologically unavailable PAHs are not extracted, suggesting that SFE could be used for the removal of toxicity due to hydrophobic organic chemicals in soils during toxicity identification evaluations.
Aqueous photolysis of 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol
Authors: Gauthier Suzanne A. , Mabury Scott A. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
The 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (8:2 FTOH) was photodegraded in aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions, synthetic field water (SFW) systems, and Lake Ontario (Canada) water samples. It was found to undergo indirect photolysis, with the data suggesting that the hydroxyl radical was the main degradation agent and that nitrate promoted photolysis whereas dissolved organic carbon inhibited it. The half-lives of 8:2 FTOH were 0.83 ± 0.20 h (10 mM H2O2), 38.0 ± 6.0 h (100 μM H2O2), 30.5 ± 8.0 to 163.1 ± 3.0 h (SFW systems), and 93.2 ± 10.0 h (Lake Ontario). No significant loss of the parent compound by direct photolysis could be observed. The major monitored products were the 8:2 fluorotelomer aldehyde, the 8:2 fluorotelomer acid (8:2 FTCA), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA); the minor monitored products were the 8:2 fluorotelomer unsaturated acid (8:2 FTUCA) and perfluorononanoate (PFNA). The intermediates, 8:2 FTCA and 8:2 FTUCA, were photodegraded to verify the degradation pathway, and a mechanism for the photolysis was proposed whereby the end products of the photolysis pathway were PFOA (major) and PFNA (minor).
Trophic level and macronutrient shift effects associated with the weaning process in the postclassic Maya
Authors: Williams Jocelyn S. , White Christine D. , Longstaffe Fred J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe weaning process was investigated at two Maya sites dominated by Postclassic remains: Marco Gonzalez (100 BC–AD 1350) and San Pedro (1400–AD 1650), Belize. Bone collagen and bioapatite were analyzed from 67 individuals (n ≤ 6 years = 15, n > 6 years = 52). Five isotopic measures were used to reconstruct diet and weaning: stable nitrogen‐ and carbon‐isotope ratios in collagen, stable carbon‐ and oxygen‐isotope ratios in bioapatite, and the difference in stable carbon‐isotope values of coexisting collagen and bioapatite. Nitrogen‐isotope ratios in infant collagen from both sites are distinct from adult females, indicating a trophic level effect. Collagen‐to‐bioapatite differences in infant bone from both sites are distinct from adult females, indicating a shift in macronutrients. Oxygen‐isotope ratios in infant bioapatite from both sites are also distinct from adult females, indicating the consumption of breast milk. Among infants, carbon‐ and nitrogen‐isotope ratios vary, indicating death during different stages in the weaning process. The ethnohistoric and paleopathological literature on the Maya indicate cessation of breast‐feeding between ages 3–4 years. Isotopic data from Marco Gonzalez and San Pedro also indicate an average weaning age of 3–4 years. Based on various isotopic indicators, weaning likely began around age 12 months. This data set is not only important for understanding the weaning process during the Postclassic, but also demonstrates the use of collagen‐to‐bioapatite spacing as an indicator of macronutrient shifts associated with weaning. Am J Phys Anthropol 127:, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of child morbidity in two contrasting medieval cemeteries from Denmark
Authors: Bennike P. , Lewis M.E. , Schutkowski H. , Valentin F. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis study compares associations between demographic profiles, long bone lengths, bone mineral content, and frequencies of stress indicators in the preadult populations of two medieval skeletal assemblages from Denmark. One is from a leprosarium, and thus probably represents a disadvantaged group (Næstved). The other comes from a normal, and in comparison rather privileged, medieval community (Æbelholt). Previous studies of the adult population indicated differences between the two skeletal collections with regard to mortality, dental size, and metabolic and specific infectious disease. The two samples were analyzed against the view known as the “osteological paradox” (Wood et al. [1992] Curr. Anthropol. 33:343–370), according to which skeletons displaying pathological modification are likely to represent the healthier individuals of a population, whereas those without lesions would have died without acquiring modifications as a result of a depressed immune response. Results reveal that older age groups among the preadults from Næstved are shorter and have less bone mineral content than their peers from Æbelholt. On average, the Næstved children have a higher prevalence of stress indicators, and in some cases display skeletal signs of leprosy. This is likely a result of the combination of compromised health and social disadvantage, thus supporting a more traditional interpretation. The study provides insights into the health of children from two different biocultural settings of medieval Danish society and illustrates the importance of comparing samples of single age groups. Am J Phys Anthropol 127:, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dominant form of vanishing white matter–like leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Labauge Pierre , Fogli Anne , Castelnovo Giovanni , Le Bayon Alice , Horzinski Laetitia , Nicoli François , Cozzone Patrick , Pagès Michel , Briere Caroline , Marty‐Double Christiane , Delhaume Olivier , Gelot Antoinette , Boespflug‐Tanguy Odile , Rodriguez Diana 
Published: July 2005

AbstractLeukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter syndrome (childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination/vanishing white matter disease) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the occurrence of acute episodes of deterioration after minor head trauma or infection, and symmetrical demyelination on magnetic resonance with cavitation aspects. Mutations in each of the five subunits of eIF2B have been identified. We report in an affected man and his mother an adult‐onset form of childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination/vanishing white matter disease–like disorder with no mutations in the EIF2B genes and normal guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B activity, suggesting a new dominant inheritance of this syndrome that may involve other genes. Ann Neurol 2005
Improving judgmental forecasts with judgmental bootstrapping and task feedback support
Authors: O'Connor Marcus , Remus William , Lim Kai 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis study examines the utility of two widely advocated methods for supporting judgmental forecasts—providing task feedback and providing judgmental bootstrapping support. In a simulated laboratory based experiment that focused on producing composite sales forecasts from three individual components, we compared the effectiveness of these two methods in improving final judgmental forecasts. In the presence of cognitive feedback task, feedback led to better forecasts than providing judgmental bootstrap forecasts. Simply providing bootstrap forecasts was of no additional benefit over a control condition. This was true in terms of the Brunswik Lens model measures of achievement, knowledge, and consistency, and in terms of forecast accuracy. This occurred both in stable environments and when special events (unusual one‐time events requiring adjustments to the forecasts) arose. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Die Schreibkreide: Ein Meer am Ende der Kreidezeit
Authors: Reich Mike , Frenzel Peter , Herrig Ekkehard 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDie Schreibkreide ist ein biogenes Gestein der Schelfmeere, gebildet von mikroskopisch kleinen Organismen unter den besonderen Bedingungen einer Treibhauswelt. Durch mehr als 200 Jahre Forschung zur Paläontologie und Geologie der Schreibkreide‐Vorkommen im nördlichen und westlichen Europa wissen wir heute vieles über die Bildung der Schreibkreide und ihre hochdiverse Lebewelt. Das Gestein wurde im Wesentlichen durch herabsinkende, planktische Kalkflagellaten gebildet, die mit ihren Skeletten ein wasserhaltiges Sediment, einen Weichboden schufen. Viele Arten passten sich diesem Weichboden an, andere bevorzugten die wenigen, sekundären Hartgründe. Auffälligste Bewohner der Wassersäule dieser vergangenen Meereswelt waren sicherlich Belemniten und Ammoniten, zwei ausgestorbene Cephalopodengruppen, aber auch Knochenfische und Haie. Riesige Meeresreptilien, die Mosasaurier, waren die Top‐Prädatoren. Die Welt der Ober‐Kreide ging mit einem großen Aussterbe‐Ereignis an der Kreide/Tertiär‐Grenze unter.
Der Darm – ein gefährdetes Ökosystem: Warum “moderne” Nahrungsmittel auch schädlich sein können
Authors: Ledochowski Maximilian 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDer menschliche Dickdarm ist mit vielen Bakterien versehen, die aufgrund ihrer großen Anzahl eine nicht zu vernachlässigende Stoffwechselaktivität aufweisen. So stellt der menschliche Stuhl ein eigenes Ökosystem dar, das vor allem von den nicht resorbierten Nahrungsbestandteilen, aber auch von der Resorptionsleistung des Darmes, der Abschilferung des Darmepithels und den Serumeiweißverlusten in den Darm beeinflusst wird. Damit keine Krankheiten entstehen, muss der menschliche Organismus mit diesem Ökosystem im funktionellen Gleichgewicht stehen. “Moderne” Nahrungsmittel, wie zum Beispiel Pro‐, Prä‐ und Symbiotika, die allgemein als “gesund” gelten, können die Darmflora ins Ungleichgewicht bringen und zu Beschwerden führen. Probiotische Mikroorganismen und Ballaststoffe haben demnach nicht immer nur günstige Eigenschaften und sollten von der Nahrungsmittelindustrie mit größerer Vorsicht eingesetzt werden.
Westerwälder Seenplatte: Die Exkursion
Authors: Roth Hermann J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractAls Kulturlandschaft von hoher ökologischer Bedeutung ist die Westerwälder Seenplatte einmalig für Rheinland‐Pfalz und das Rheinische Schiefergebirge. Als Brut‐ und Rastgebiet bestandsbedrohter Arten, Lebensraum von Reptilien und Amphibien sowie aufgrund seiner seltenen Verlandungs‐ und Teichbodengesellschaften steht ein Teil des innerhalb von 300 Jahren entstandenen Areals unter Naturschutz.
Fürsorglich und flexibel: Die Striemengrasmaus
Authors: Wiedon Annette 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDie im südlichen Afrika weit verbreitete Striemengrasmaus (Rhabdomys pumilio) passt ihr Sozialverhalten an unterschiedliche ökologische Bedingungen an. Diese Flexibilität macht sie zu einem wichtigen Studienmodell, um Einflüsse verschiedener Umweltfaktoren auf Sozialsysteme von Säugetieren zu untersuchen. Das seltene Phänomen der väterlichen Fürsorge ist dabei Teil der sozialen Strategie der Männchen.
“FasziNatur” – Natur entdecken
Authors: Vogtmann Hartmut , Brickwedde Fritz , Schulte Kerstin 
Published: July 2005

AbstractNaturschutzgerechte Landnutzungsformen sowie gemeinsame Initiativen mit Land‐, Forst‐ und Wasserwirtschaft sind mehr denn je gefragt. “FasziNatur”, die Gemeinschaftsausstellung der Deutschen Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU) und des Bundesamtes für Naturschutz (BfN) zeigt hierfür beispielhafte Ansätze. Der Titel verdeutlicht die Ausstellungsziele, denn “Faszination” und “Natur” sind zwei Begriffe, die untrennbar zusammengehören.
Friedrich Schaudinn
Authors: Penzlin Heinz 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDie Syphilis, die wahrscheinlich mit den aus Amerika zurückkehrenden Seeleuten von Kolumbus nach Europa gebracht wurde, ist wegen ihrer Spätfolgen die gefährlichste aller Geschlechtskrankheiten. Sie trat um 1500 erstmals massiv auf und führte zum drastischen Rückgang des städtischen Badelebens. Als Heilmittel fanden das Holz des Guajakbaums und später Quecksilberpräparate Anwendung. Erst die Entdeckung des Erregers durch Fritz Schaudinn stellte die Syphilis‐Forschung auf eine solide Basis. Mit der Einführung des Salvarsans (einem organischen Arsenpräparat) durch Paul Ehrlich und Sahachiro Hata (1910) stand ein relativ wirksames Mittel zur Verfügung, das 1943 vom Penicillin abgelöst wurde.
Crystal Structure of the New Ternary Silicides Dy18Pt50+xSi16‐x (x = 0.28) and Y18Pt50+xSi16‐x (x = 0.56).
Authors: Tursina A. I. , Gribanov A. V. , Noel H. , Rogl P. , Seropegin Y. D. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
X‐Ray Excited Luminescent Properties of Apatitic Compounds Ba5(PO4)3X (X: OH‐, Cl‐, Br‐); Structure and Hydroxyl Ion Conductivity of Barium Hydroxylapatite.
Authors: Duan Cheng‐Jun , Wu Xue‐Yan , Liu Wei , Chen Hao‐Hong , Yang Xin‐Xin , Zhao Jing‐Tai 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Bidimensional Sodium Ionic Conduction of Oxyborates Na2M2(BO3)2O (M: Al, Ga) and Na2‐2xCaxGa2(BO3)2O (x = 0.25, 0.50).
Authors: Corbel Gwenael , Mazza Daniele , Bohnke Odile , Leblanc Marc 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Visible‐Light‐Induced H2 Evolution from an Aqueous Solution Containing Sulfide and Sulfite over a ZnS—CuInS2—AgInS2 Solid‐Solution Photocatalyst.
Authors: Tsuji Issei , Kato Hideki , Kudo Akihiko 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Topotactic Oxidation of TiGaPO‐1, a Pyridine‐Templated Titanium Gallophosphate with a New Octahedral‐Tetrahedral 3‐D Framework Structure Containing TiIII/TiIV.
Authors: Chippindale Ann M. , Grimshaw Mark R. , Powell Anthony V. , Cowley Andrew R. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.