bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Cardiovascular Disease Prediction: Harnessing Random Forest Algorithm with Advanced Feature Selection
Authors: B Kalaivani , A Ranichitra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) stand as prevalent and severe health concerns, significantly impacting individuals. The potential for early diagnosis to prevent or relieve CVDs, thereby reducing mortality rates, underscores its critical role. In this effort, adopting machine learning models to identify risk factors emerges as a promising strategy. Additionally, feature selection methods prove invaluable in identifying crucial attributes, contributing to the reduction of diagnostic expenditures. The analysis in this work was consolidated and improved by using a dataset from Cleveland, Long Beach, VA, Switzerland, Hungarian, and Stat log. In our proposed Method, a hybrid Differential Entropy-based information gain and LASSO algorithm are employed for feature selection. The proposed hybrid model, when combined with machine learning techniques like the Random Forest approach, minimizes data dimensions, improve classification performance, and enhances the efficiency of identifying and training feature sets. Finally, the proposed model produces enhanced performance metrics, encompassing accuracy, precision, and recall.
Finite Key Analysis for Discrete Phase Randomized BB84 Protocol
Authors: Jin Xiao-Hang , Yin Zhen-Qiang , Wang Shuang , Chen Wei , Guo Guang-Can , Han Zheng-Fu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method that relies on the inherent randomness of quantum mechanics to ensure information-theoretic security. The first and most widely used QKD protocol is BB84, and the proof of BB84's security is vital. The Discrete Phase Randomized BB84 protocol is a variant of the decoy BB84 protocol. It has been proven to be promising in the development of high-speed QKD systems. However, it still lacks an analysis with a finite number of pulses. This paper presents a comprehensive security analysis of the discrete phase BB84 protocol, using two different methods under different conditions. The analysis involves simulations and optimizations to determine the optimal parameter settings. It is confirmed that for typical scenarios, if the number of discrete phases exceeds 30, one can calculate the key rate by assuming that a continuous phase randomization process was in operation. On the other hand, for a relatively smaller number of discrete values, we have developed a numerical method to calculate the key rate. We have confirmed that its performance is reduced but still acceptable with a finite number of pulses.
Acoustic emission applied to stochastic modeling of microdamage in compact bone
Authors: Sanchez-Molina David , García-Vilana Silvia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Exploring the stochastic intricacies of bone microstructure is a promising way to make progress on the practical issue of bone fracture. This study investigates the fracture of human complete ribs subjected to bending and using Acoustic Emission (AE) for microfailure detection. As the strain increases, the number of AE signals per unit of time rises until, beyond a certain threshold, an avalanche of signals occurs, indicating the aggregation of numerous microfailures into a macroscopic fracture.
Since microfailures appear randomly throughout the bending test, and given the lack of a deterministic law and the random nature of microfailures during the bending test, we opted to develop a stochastic model to account for their occurrence within the irregular and random microstructure of the cortical bone. Notable discoveries encompass the significant correlation between adjusted parameters of the stochastic model and the total number of microfailures with anthropometric variables such as age and body mass index (BMI). The progression of microfailures with strain is significantly more pronounced with age and BMI, as measured by the rate of bone deterioration. In addition, the rate of microfailures is significantly impacted by BMI alone. It is also observed that the average energy of the identified AE events adheres to a precisely defined Pareto distribution for every specimen, with the principal exponent exhibiting a significant correlation with anthropometric variables.
From a mathematical standpoint, the model can be described as a double Cox stochastic and explosive (coxplosive process) model. This further provides insight into the reason why the ribs of older individuals are considerably less resilient than those of younger individuals, breaking under a considerably lower maximum strain εmax).
Decentralized Renewable Energy Integration in the Urban Energy Markets: A System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Rozhkov Anton 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The ongoing transition in energy systems, driven by factors such as renewable energy adoption, data quality improvement, and grid decentralization, holds promise for addressing climate change and advancing environmental justice. This shift towards decentralized energy production, including prosumer engagement and microgrids, aims to reduce transmission losses and enhance grid resilience. Utilities are also adapting, transitioning to renewable sources, and integrating with existing grids. However, the policy and urban planning aspects of this transition have received limited attention. This research employs system dynamics modeling to explore various scenarios, from traditional utility-centered approaches to urban planning-driven customer choices, in achieving a climate-neutral energy system within 50 years. The study underscores the importance of comprehensive energy policies, socio-economic benefits, carbon reduction, and customer engagement. With highlighting potential solutions, it suggests avenues for future research to support the transition towards cleaner, more sustainable electricity solutions in regions like northern Illinois (USA).
Unveiling New Insights: Reinterpreting DES Mutation, p.Arg383His, through a Study of an Iranian Family with Isolated Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Implication for Phenotype‒Genotype Correlation Analysis
Authors: Kavousi Saeideh , Kamali Farzad , Rabbani Bahareh , Behmanesh Mehrdad , Mahdieh Nejat , Noruzinia Mehrdad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Desmin, a crucial intermediate filament in muscle cells, maintains structural integrity in cardiac muscle and provides stability to striated muscle cells. Mutations in the DES gene lead to desminopathies, causing diverse cardiac and skeletal myopathies. We examine a new Iranian family with a highly penetrant p.Arg383His variant in the DES gene, resulting in severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) without skeletal phenotypes. Moreover, we discuss all reported disease-causing missense variants, examining their clinical manifestations across different domains.
Methods
We assessed demographic data, clinical characteristics, and genetic analyses of family members. Whole genome sequencing (WGS), in silico structural and functional predictions, was also used to investigate genetic entities. A comprehensive search was performed across various databases, including to identify all disease-causing missense variants within the DES gene.
Results
WGS identified a p.Arg383His variant in the DES gene in the Iranian family. Analyzing 119 disease-causing missense variants in desmin revealed limited correlation between variant location and phenotypes. A significant prevalence (36.9%) of conduction diseases was linked to variants in various domains. Heart failure was associated with variants in coil2B, while syncope occurred with variants in coil2B and the tail regions. Coil1B variants showed no connection with end-stage cardiac phenotypes. Different domains showed varying associations with specific clinical outcomes, such as spine ankylosis in the tail domain and dysphonia in the desmin head domain.
Conclusion
The present study reports an Iranian family exhibiting severe HCM due to a novel DES gene variant, lacking skeletal myopathy phenotypes. Examining all missense variants highlighted clinical heterogeneity and complex inheritance patterns among carriers. In this context, genetic analysis is a valuable diagnostic tool for effectively managing affected patients, identifying carriers, and facilitating future family planning decisions.
Prevalence of Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome and Kidney Cancer Surveillance in Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Garza Denisse , Millward Michael , Cuthbertson Laura , Burke Jo , Jose Matthew , Wallis Mathew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Birt-Hogg Dubé Syndrome (BHD) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterised by a predisposition to benign skin lesions, pulmonary cysts, spontaneous pneumothorax and kidney cancer. An audit of the Tasmanian Clinical Genetics Service database was conducted to identify individuals with molecularly confirmed BHD. To ensure Tasmanians with BHD would be able to meet contemporary national screening guidelines, individuals diagnosed with BHD seen by the Tasmanian Clinical Genetics Service between 2010 and 2021 were invited to complete a survey regarding screening practices. We identified 37 individuals (23 women and 14 males, mean age 62 years old) with molecularly confirmed BHD, giving an estimated population prevalence in 2021 of 7 per 100,000. The majority (80%) lived in inner-regional locations with up to a one-hour travel time to medical imaging facilities. Of those identified, 14 (37%) completed the screening survey, with 8 (57%) reporting at least one screening test for kidney cancer since diagnosis; only 4 (28%) met current guidelines on screening frequency. Our findings showed that Tasmania had an unexpectedly high population prevalence of BHD yet screening for kidney cancer was suboptimal. This is the first study that demonstrates BHD is more prevalent in Tasmania compared to the global average and highlights the need for improved access and education on cancer surveillance.
How to develop accessible Information Systems: an experimental study in tourism and proposal of a roadmap to support the development of accessible solutions
Authors: Teixeira Pedro , Teixeira Leonor , Eusébio Celeste 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The right to tourism has become a crucial aspect of society. In that sense, through more accessible tourism, it is possible to improve travel conditions for people with disabilities (PwD). Nonetheless, barriers still exist, with the lack of information about accessibility conditions, as well as communication accessibility itself, representing some of the main obstacles. Information systems (IS) can help overcome these hurdles. However, it is verified, that methodologies to support the development of accessible IS are currently very scarce. Thus, this study intends to develop an accessible IS for accessible tourism and propose a roadmap to support the creation of accessible IS solutions. To obtain the intended accessible tourism solution, an action research methodology was followed, which involved adapting already established frameworks, that combine Agile development and user-centered design techniques. Adjustments were made to incorporate accessibility, taking into consideration the requirements of the accessible tourism market. The methodology resulted in a web-based IS named access@tour by action. This mobile solution is capable of improving information management within the accessible tourism market. From this experimental study, another emerging result was a proposal for a methodological roadmap. This roadmap helps better understand how to develop accessible IS, by demonstrating techniques for gathering accessibility requirements and validating them. The roadmap is adaptable and suitable for IS projects involving accessibility, regardless of the area. Both results provide a better perspective on how to integrate accessibility during the development of IS, possibly supporting future researchers in creating accessible solutions.
Prognostic significance and molecular mechanisms of LPCAT1 in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shi Dayou , Zeng Lingzhi , Zha Yayun , Liu Anwen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
LPCAT1 acts as an oncogene in a variety of cancers, but its effect on lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) has not been reported. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of LPCAT1 by bioinformatics analyses and to confirm its effect on LUSC cell functions by in vitroexperiments. The expression data and clinical information were obtained from the public database. The prognostic value of LPCAT1 was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curves, nomogram analysis, and Cox regression analyses. The relationships of LPCAT1 and immune features were also estimated. Then, expressions of LPCAT1 and PTEN/Akt pathway in LUSC cell lines (NCI-H226 and NCI-H520) were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell viability, invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. The bioinformatics analyses suggested that LPCAT1 is an independent prognostic risk factor of LUSC and has predictive potential. Meanwhile, LPCAT1 was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint gene expressions. Experiment data suggested that LPCAT1 can promote proliferation and invasion but inhibit apoptosis in LUSC cell lines. LPCAT1 can also significantly decrease the PTEN expression but increase the p-Akt expression in vitro. LPCAT1 indicates prognosis and correlates with immune features in LUSC. Experiment data indicated that LPCAT1 may promote proliferation and invasion but inhibit apoptosis of LUSC cell lines via the PTEN/Akt pathway.
Objective evaluation of the pharyngoesophageal segment as a source of substitute phonation in patients after total laryngectomy
Authors: Daikhes N. A. , Reshulskiy S. S. , Isaeva M. L. , Vinogradov V. V. 
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to identify objective predictors of the successful voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy to select the optimal method of voice restoration.Material and Methods. The study included 60 laryngectomized male patients who were stratified into 2 equal groups depending on the patient’s choice of voice restoration: tracheoesophageal puncture or esophageal voice. A comprehensive assessment of the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the pharyngoesophageal segment was carried out using the diagnostic procedures, such as: fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, high-speed video endoscopy, and high-resolution pharyngoesophageal manometry. The results of examination of the pharyngoesophageal segment were compared with the results of voice rehabilitation.Results. A significant difference in the resting pressure in the pharyngoesophageal segment between patients with successful and unsuccessful voice rehabilitation was found. The resting pressure in the pharyngoesophageal segment was higher in patients with unsuccessful voice rehabilitation than in patients with successful voice rehabilitation. Among patients with failed voice rehabilitation, 64 % had pseudodiverticula, 25 % had cicatricial strictures and 11 % had pharyngospasm. Pseudodiverticula were found only in patients who underwent vertical or apparatus pharyngeal closure. We described vibrating patterns of substitute phonation in laryngectomized patients and identified 5 different types of pseudoglottis. No significant differences between the methods of substitute phonation were found.Conclusion. The state of pharyngoesophageal segment is an objective predictor of successful substitute phonation and depends on the surgical technique of pharyngeal closure, the volume of cancer treatment and the course of the postoperative period. A comprehensive assessment of the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the pharyngoesophageal segment using fiberendoscopic, fuoroscopic studies and highresolution pharyngoesophageal manometry allows prediction of voice rehabilitation outcomes.
Changes in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function after chemotherapy for breast cancer with doxorubicin
Authors: Karput I. A. , Snezhitskii V. A. , Kurbat M. N. , Gorustovich V. A. , Karpovich Yu. I. , Rubinskii A. Yu. , Smirnova T. A. , Babenka A. S. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Detection of the cardiotoxic effect during chemotherapy (CT) for malignant neoplasms is one of the most important tasks of a practicing physician. Purpose: to study changes in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function using echocardiography (EchoCG) during chemotherapy with doxorubicin in patients with primary breast cancer (BC) and to identify potential markers of early cardiotoxicity (CT).Material and Methods. The study included 100 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer who were treated at the health care institution “Grodno University Clinic” (Grodno, Belarus).Results. In the study sample, a number of EchoCG parameters were measured before and after chemotherapy in 100 patients with breast cancer. Depending on the choice of the threshold level of relative reduction in global longitudinal strain (GLS) in %, different median values were recorded in the subgroups with and without CT (before and after chemotherapy). Data are presented on the difference in the relative dynamics of EchoCG indicators in % between the subgroups with CT and without CT, which shows how large the differences between the subgroups are in % after the end of chemotherapy. Against the background of the absence of statistically significant differences, trends towards an increase or decrease in indicators were recorded, which can characterize them as potential CT markers.Conclusion. We hypothesize that indexed end-systolic volume, indexed end-diastolic volume, early diastolic peak velocity of lateral mitral annulus motion may be considered as potential CT markers in the subclinical stage along with GLS; if it is impossible to measure a relative decrease in GLS, these indicators collectively may indicate the development of a CT effect at the subclinical stage. When diagnosing a relative decrease in the GLS index by less than 15 %, but by more than 10 %, we propose to consider the indexed end-systolic volume index as a marker of the early CT effect if its increase after the end of chemotherapy is recorded by 10 % or more, respectively.
Non-invasive diagnosis of upper airway malignancies based on the analysis of markers in exhaled air
Authors: Kulbakin D. E. , Choynzonov E. L. , Fedorova I. K. , Obkhodskaya E. V. , Obkhodskiy A. V. , Rodionov E. O. , Sachkov V. I. , Chernov V. I. 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study was to evaluate diagnostic capabilities of the gas analysis sensor device used for the study of exhaled gas samples obtained from patients with oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancers.Material and Methods. Exhaled gas samples from 31 oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancer patients and 31 healthy volunteers were studied using a diagnostic device based on the detection of volatile compounds in inhaled air using semiconductor gas sensors with subsequent neural network analysis.Results. Based on the signals from gas sensors, the neural network classified and identified patients with malignant neoplasms. The sensitivity and specificity of the method were 67.74% and 87.1%, respectively.Conclusion. The gas analysis sensor device and the method for detecting oropharyngeal and laryngeal tumors using the exhaled gas analysis are an accessible and cheap diagnostic tools, and are promising for screening the population in order to select individuals for a comprehensive examination (endoscopic, radiological and morphological) in identifying suspicion of cancer.
<I>BRCA1/2</I> mutation spectrum in Armenian patients with breast and ovarian cancers
Authors: Belysheva Y. V. , Bakaeva E. K. , Venina A. R. , Romanko A. A. , Raskin G. A. , Sokolenko A. P. , Suspitsin E. N. , Avetisyan A. A. , Orlov S. V. , Imyanitov E. N. 
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to compare the spectra of pathogenic BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants in patients with hereditary breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) from two groups of ethnic Armenians: Yerevan and cities of southern Russia.Material and Methods. 106 BC patients from the V.A. Fanardjian National Centre of Oncology (Yerevan, Republic of Armenia) and 117 BC and OC patients of Armenian origin who were referred to the Petrov National Medical Centre of Oncology (St. Petersburg, Russia) from several cancer centers of Russia (Krasnodar, Sochi, Pyatigorsk) were included into the study. The coding sequences of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were analyzed by the method of targeted high-throughput sequencing.Results. Pathogenic variants of BCRA1 and BCRA2 genes were detected in 16/106 (BRCA1: n=9, BRCA2: n=7; 15%) BC patients from Yerevan. The only recurrent mutation was the BRCA1 nonsense variant c.5444G>A [W1815X], accounting for 44% of all pathogenic alleles identified. In patients of Armenian origin from Russia, pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants were detected in 16/117 (14%) individuals (BRCA1: n=6, BRCA2: n=10). The proportion of samples with mutations was 13% in the group of BC patients and 19% in the group of OC patients. 75% of pathogenic alleles were represented by five recurrent mutations: BRCA1 c.2649_2650insGGCA, BRCA2 c.2808_2808_2811delACAA, BRCA1 c.4065_4068delTCAA, BRCA2 c.9027delT and BRCA2 c.8437G>T [G2813X]. The independent origin of the pathogenic BRCA2 c.2808_2808_2811delACAA variant in Armenian and non-Armenian patients was shown.Conclusion. A significant difference in the spectrum of BRCA1/2 mutations between Armenian patients from Yerevan and patients from southern regions of Russia was found. This should be taken into account when developing diagnostic programs.
Nanobiohybrids for pollution control and resource recovery
Authors: Kumari P. , Kumari R. , Prabhakar R. , Samadder S. R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The rapid growth of human population, industrialization, and urbanization has led to an increase in pollution and resource depletion. This has created a need for highly efficient pollution abatement technologies and resource recovery methods. While there are already pre-existing techniques for both pollution abatement and resource recovery, they are often costly, involving the use of harmful chemicals, generating unsafe by-products, and are slow. On the other hand, nanobiohybrids (NBHs) have emerged as promising approaches with substantial benefits over traditional approaches and have gained global recognition in recent decades. The integration of functional nanomaterials with living systems has given rise to this fascinating area of study, which lies at the intersection of materials engineering and biological science. These NBHs have the ability to remove pollutants and recover resources from different sources. This chapter provides an overview of the potential application of NBHs in different types of pollution control and resource recovery techniques from various sources. Different NBHs have so far been extensively studied and successfully applied in the removal of pollutants from water and wastewater but their application in soil and air as well as in resource recovery is still incipient. Thus, the limitations and challenges of using NBHs have been identified and discussed in this chapter as well. The findings in this chapter provide new insights and future prospects for further research and development for the wider applicability of NBHs.