bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective study on the effect of adipose stem cell transplantation on jaw bone regeneration
Authors: Kizu Yasuhiro , Ishii Ryota , Matsumoto Naoyuki , Saito Ichiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In patients with jaw bone atrophy, dental implant therapy requires bone augmentation on the alveolar ridge. Common methods are autologous bone transplantation or bone substitutes. The latter technique is less surgically invasive because it does not require bone harvesting; however, blood supply from the surrounding tissues and local differentiation of osteoblasts are not guaranteed, so adequate bone regeneration for dental implant therapy is often not achieved. Therefore, at our hospital we introduced a bone regenerative medicine technique that uses adipose stem cells (ASCs) from adipose tissue. The new approach is less surgically invasive and appears to have a better effect on bone regeneration. The current retrospective study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of ASC transplantation in patients who underwent alveolar ridge bone augmentation at our hospital.

Methods
We compared medical records, postoperative radiographic findings, and histological results from patients treated between January 2018 and March 2022 by augmentation of the jaw bone with bone substitutes (carbonate apatite) mixed with ASCs (ASCs+ group) and those treated with bone substitutes (carbonate apatite) alone (ASCs− group).

Results
After 6 months, the survival rate of augmented bone and the gray scale value in dental cone beam computed tomography (a bone density index) were significantly higher in the ASCs+ group than in the ASCs− group. Histological analysis at 6 months showed more adequate bone tissue regeneration in the ASCs+ group.

Conclusions
The findings suggest the effectiveness of using ASCs in bone augmentation on the alveolar ridge in patients with jaw bone atrophy.
A phase II clinical trial of a Vi-DT typhoid conjugate vaccine in healthy Indonesian adolescents and adults: one-month evaluation of safety and immunogenicity
Authors: Koesnoe Sukamto , Medise Bernie Endyarni , Rengganis Iris , Hadinegoro Sri Rezeki , Puspita Mita , Sari Rini Mulia , Yang Jae Seung , Sahastrabuddhe Sushant , Soedjatmiko  , Gunardi Hartono , Sekartini Rini , Wirahmadi Angga , Kekalih Aria , Mukhi Sreshta , Satari Hindra Irawan , Bachtiar Novilia Sjafri 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Typhoid fever is commonly found until today, especially in developing countries. It has fatal complications and measures must be taken to reduce the incidence of typhoid. Vaccinations are a key factor in prevention. This is a phase II randomized observer-blind clinical trial on a novel Vi-DT conjugate vaccine on 200 subjects 12 to 40 years of age.

Methods
Subjects were screened for eligibility after which a blood sample was taken and one dose of vaccine was administered. Investigational vaccine used was Vi-DT and control was Vi-PS. Twenty-eight days after vaccination, subjects visited for providing blood sample to assess immunogenicity and were asked about local and systemic adverse reactions that occurred in the first 28 days.

Results
Subjects had minor adverse reactions. Pain was the most common local reaction. Muscle pain was the most common systemic reaction. There were no serious adverse events up to 28 days post vaccination. Seroconversion rates were 100% in the Vi-DT group and 95.96% in the Vi-PS group. Post vaccination GMTs were increased in both groups but it was significantly higher in the Vi-DT group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Vi-DT typhoid conjugate vaccine is safe and immunogenic in healthy Indonesian subjects 12 to 40 years.

Trial registration
Approved by ClinicalTrials.gov. Clinical trial registration number: NCT03460405. Registered on 09/03/2018. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03460405.
Identifying social outcomes of importance for childhood cancer survivors: an e-Delphi study
Authors: Milner Sarah H. , Feltbower R. G. , Absolom K. L. , Glaser A. W. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk of deficits in their social outcomes, a key aspect of overall health and quality of life. Social outcomes of import are ill-defined leading to potential gaps in research and service provision. In this study, we undertook a preliminary consensus seeking exercise to support the development of a framework of the important social outcomes for CCS.

Methods
A modified e-Delphi study was conducted with four groups: CCS, health professionals, social workers and teachers. Round 1, developed from a literature review, included 34 questions rated for importance on a 7-point Likert scale. Rounds 2 and 3 presented items not achieving consensus, additionally proposed items and in round 3, a ranking question.

Results
Survey 1 was completed by 38 participants, 31 (82%) completed survey 2 and 28 (76%) completed survey 3. A total of 36 items were prioritised across 6 domains (education, independence, work, relationships, community, lifestyle), together forming the final list of social outcomes. Of these, 22 items met consensus for importance. Items rated most important were “having autonomy” and “avoiding social isolation”. Quantitative and qualitative results reflected that social outcomes for survivors and general public should be the same.

Conclusion
We have generated initial consensus on important social outcomes for CCS, highlighting the need for these to be matched to those of the general population. It suggests strategies are required to ensure autonomy and appropriate support for independence and relationships are provided through long-term aftercare and beyond. Further work is needed to validate and develop these findings into a framework to support appropriate social aftercare for CCS.
Using proteomics to compare the molecular structures of sulfide and permeate-depilated sheepskins
Authors: Tu Yi-Hsuan , Loo Trevor S. , Patchett Mark L. , Norris Gillian E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn environmentally friendly method using real or artificial bovine milk permeate to both depilate and preserve sheepskins has been reported which completely and cleanly removed the wool from the hair follicle and had no detrimental effects on the skin. A proteomic analysis, assessing the relative abundance of proteins in matched permeate-depilated and chemically depilated (sulfide) sheepskins, showed variations in the levels of specific collagen types in the skin's basement membrane and other proteins associated with the follicles. These findings were corroborated by biochemical analyses of matched permeate depilated and raw skin samples, and provide clues to the mechanism of non-invasive and complete depilation. They also support the observation that permeate-depilated skins were smoother than their sulfide-depilated counterparts and resulted in leather with a superior surface.
Graphical abstract
Mycotoxic effects of entomopathogenic fungi of fall armyworm
(Spodoptera frugiperda
J.E. Smith) on poultry feed safety
Authors: Silipiwe Sharai , Muriithi Alice Nakhumicha , Ojiewo Christopher Ochieng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study was carried out to analyze mycotoxins of entomopathogenic fungi of fall armyworm (
Spodoptera frugiperda
J.E. Smith) and poultry feed safety. An experiment was set up to assess the types of mycotoxins produced by entomopathogenic fungal parasite of fall armyworm larvae and their subsequent effect on the safety of the larvae as a feed ingredient. Molecular characterization was done to estimate the diversity of entomopathogenic fungi on fall armyworm larvae specimens from the treatment plots. Sequenced data was analyzed and processed using Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis 6.0 software. The results showed relative diversity of fall armyworm larvae with 11 species isolated belonging to
Aspergillus
,
Penicillium
,
Fusarium
,
Trichoderma
,
Bipolaris
and
Irpex
genus. Some of these are potential mycotoxin producing fungi. Although isolated fungi potentially produce Ochratoxin, Fumonisin, Zearalenone and Trichothecene mycotoxins, only aflatoxins were analyzed in this study. About 3.98 μg /kg of aflatoxin was observed using the ELISA total assay which is within the threshold toxicity levels set in Kenya for feed of about 20 μg /kg. While this is under the threshold set by Kenya, it is still enough to cause concern as the cumulative exposure of even low doses can have impacts. This study therefore concludes that,
Spodoptera frugiperda
can be potentially contaminated with aflatoxins and when formulating poultry diets, there is need to monitor production so that the quality is not compromised and feed safety is ensured. Further studies are recommended to determine how much produced aflatoxins are then transferred into the poultry products such as eggs and meat.
High-permittivity ceramics enabled highly homogeneous zero-index metamaterials for high-directivity antennas and beyond
Authors: Liu Yueyang , Dong Tian , Qin Xu , Luo Weijia , Leng Ning , He Yujing , Yuan Yong , Bai Ming , Sun Jingbo , Zhou Ji , Li Yue , Li Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractZero-index metamaterials (ZIMs) can support uniform electromagnetic field distributions at any frequency, but their applications are hampered by the ZIM’s homogenization level—only 3 unit cells per free-space wavelength, which is fundamentally limited by the low-permittivity inclusions (εr ≈ 12) and background matrix (εr ≈ 1). Here, by filling high-permittivity SrTiO3 ceramic (εr ≈ 294) pillars in BaTiO3 (εr ≈ 25) background matrix, we demonstrate a highly homogeneous microwave ZIM with an over threefold increase in the homogenization level. Leveraging such a ZIM, we achieve not only an antenna, approaching the fundamental limit in the directivity with outstanding scalability, but also a concave lens with a focal length of as short as 1λ0. Our highly homogeneous ZIM has profound implications in ceramics, ZIM-based waveguides and cavities, free-space wavefront manipulation, and microwave quantum optics, and opens up enormous possibilities in wireless communications, remote sensing, global positioning satellites, etc.
Psychotropic medicines’ prevalence, patterns and effects on cognitive and physical function in older adults with intellectual disability in Ireland: longitudinal cohort study, 2009–2020
Authors: Odalović Marina , Gorman Ashleigh , Paul Aviejay , McCallion Philip , Burke Éilish , MacLachlan Malcolm , McCarron Mary , Henman Martin C. , Moran Maeve , O'Connell Juliette , Walsh Michael , Shankar Rohit , Ryan Caitriona , O'Dwyer Máire 
Published: February 2024

Background
The frequent prescribing of psychotropics and high prevalence of polypharmacy among older adults with intellectual disabilities require close monitoring.

Aims
To describe change in prevalence, predictors and health outcomes of psychotropic use during the four waves (2009/2010, 2013/2014, 2016/2017, 2019/2020) of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA).

Method
Eligible participants were adults (≥40 years) with intellectual disabilities who participated in all four waves of IDS-TILDA and who reported medication use for the entire period. Differences between groups were tested using Cochran's Q test for binary variables and the McNemar–Bowker test for variables with more than two categories. Generalised estimating equation models were used to assess associations between psychotropic use, participants’ characteristics and health outcomes.

Results
Across waves (433 participants) there were no significant differences in prevalence of psychotropic use (61.2–64.2%) and psychotropic polypharmacy (42.7–38.3%). Antipsychotics were the most used subgroup, without significant change in prevalence between waves (47.6–44.6%). A significant decrease was observed for anxiolytics (26.8–17.6%; P < 0.001) and hypnotics/sedatives (14.1–9.0%; P < 0.05). A significant increase was recorded for antidepressants (28.6–35.8%; P < 0.001) and mood-stabilising agents (11.5–14.6%; P < 0.05). Psychotropic polypharmacy (≥2 psychotropics) was significantly associated with moderate to total dependence in performing activities of daily living over the 10-year period (OR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.21–2.69; P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The study indicates an increase in usage of some classes of psychotropic, a reduction in others and no change in the relatively high rate of antipsychotic use over 10 years in a cohort of older adults with intellectual disabilities and consequent risk of psychotropic polypharmacy and medication-related harm.
Relugolix versus leuprolide in combination with radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer (REVELUTION trial): An initial analysis of patient treatment preferences and quality of life.
Authors: Patel Sagar A. , Goyal Subir , Liu Yuan , Hershatter Bruce W. , Patel Pretesh R. , Dhere Vishal Ramesh , Sebastian Nikhil , Jani Ashesh B. , Mandawat Anant 
Published: February 2024

301 Background: Relugolix, an oral gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, has superior testosterone suppression and may lower cardiovascular (CV) toxicity compared with more commonly used injectable GnRH agonists, such as leuprolide. The Relugolix Versus Leuprolide Trial (REVELUTION, NCT 05320406) is an ongoing, investigator-initiated, randomized trial comparing radiotherapy (XRT) plus relugolix versus XRT plus leuprolide for men with localized prostate cancer (PCa). Primary endpoint is change in coronary plaque on cardiac computed tomography from baseline to 12 months following treatment. Secondary endpoints include patient-reported outcomes (PRO). Herein, we report patient-specific treatment preferences prior to randomization and acute treatment-associated toxicity. Methods: Men with non-metastatic intact or biochemically recurrent PCa pursuing pelvic XRT (1.8-2.5 Gy per fraction) with ≥ 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were enrolled and randomized 1:1 to leuprolide (IM/SC 45 mg q6mo) or relugolix (PO 360 mg day 1, 120 mg daily thereafter). Prior to randomization, each patient completed an ADT preference questionnaire after reviewing an education brochure describing both drugs’ administration, testosterone kinetics, and common toxicities. PROs were assessed by International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Expanded Prostate Index Composite (EPIC-CP) at baseline and 3-/6-months after XRT initiation, with higher scores indicating more severe toxicity. Scores were compared using linear mixed-effects models accounting for within-subject correlations. Results: Between 06/2022 and 07/2023, 65 men were randomized (34 leuprolide, 31 relugolix). Median follow-up was 5 months (IQR 4-8). Prior to randomization, 61 (94%) preferred relugolix over leuprolide, due to faster testosterone recovery (n=36, 59%), lower CV risk (n=23, 38%), or oral administration (n=2, 3%); the four patients who preferred leuprolide all had compliance concerns with a daily oral pill. Compared with XRT+leuprolide, XRT+relugolix was associated with less impact on IPSS urinary score (mean difference [MD] -3.68, p=0.04). There was no difference in EPIC-CP incontinence (MD +0.07, p=0.91), bowel (MD +0.39, p=0.44), sexual (MD -0.74, p=0.43), or vitality (MD +0.17, p=0.80). Conclusions: In this trial of men with localized PCa treated with XRT plus ADT, most preferred relugolix over leuprolide. Relugolix, compared with leuprolide, mitigated acute urinary toxicity from XRT, perhaps due to superior castration resulting in greater prostate gland downsizing and less obstructive uropathy. Longer-term follow up is ongoing, and primary CV toxicity endpoint is expected to be complete in 2024. Clinical trial information: NCT05320406 .
Vulvar Carcinoma: Standard of Care and Perspectives
Authors: Chargari Cyrus , Wasserman Johanna , Gabro Alexandra , Canlobre Geoffroy , Spano Jean-Philippe , Uzan Catherine , Maingon Philippe 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE Treatment of vulvar carcinoma (VC) is challenging. The objectives of this review were to describe for clinicians the epidemiologic and clinical aspects of VC, the standard of care in terms of primary local treatment and systemic therapies, and the recent innovations and perspectives emerging from translational research in immuno-oncology. DESIGN We conducted a comprehensive review outlying the clinical aspects and biologic background of vulvar cancer, highlighting modern treatment strategies on the basis of a personalized approach. RESULTS Epidemiologic data showed a recent rise in incidence of VC, attributed to human papillomavirus. Surgery is the mainstay of primary treatment, but multimodal approaches are frequently required in the presence of adverse prognosis histopathologic factors. Chemoradiation is indicated when organ-sparing surgery is not feasible. However, inability to achieve high locoregional control rates in advanced cases and the morbidity associated with local treatments are still key issues. Recent clinical data showed the benefit of individualized strategies combining organ-sparing surgical strategies, less invasive lymph node staging procedures, and refinement in radiotherapy modalities. Among the most important research area, there is a sound rationale for testing modern systemic approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibitors in selected patients with recurrent and/or metastatic tumors. Although no specific data exist for VC, the role of supportive care and post-treatment rehabilitation strategies is also crucial. CONCLUSION There are still insufficient studies dedicated to patients with VC. Public health programs for prevention, screening, and early diagnosis are required, and clinical research should be strengthened to provide high-quality clinical evidence and improve patients' oncologic and functional outcomes.
Concurrent Denosumab and Parenteral Iron Therapy Precipitating Severe Hypocalcemia and Hypophosphatemia
Authors: Ye Sylvia , Grill Vivian , Luo Jinghang , Nguyen Hanh H 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Denosumab-induced hypocalcemia and iron infusion–related hypophosphatemia are both well described. We describe a case of severe hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia following sequential denosumab and parenteral iron administration. This resulted in respiratory failure due to muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmia, requiring noninvasive ventilation and urgent intravenous electrolyte replacement. This case highlights the severe dysregulation in calcium and phosphate homeostasis that can occur with denosumab and iron infusions when administered in quick succession. Given that these drugs are among the most common therapies prescribed across a range of specialties, we hope to alert clinicians to this potential serious drug-drug interaction and suggest strategies for monitoring and management of the electrolyte derangement.
MiR-145-5p overexpression rejuvenates aged adipose stem cells and accelerates wound healing
Authors: Li Chengcheng , Ren Sen , Xiong Hewei , Chen Jing , Jiang Tao , Guo Jiahe , Yan Chengqi , Chen Zhenbing , Yang Xiaofan , Xu Xiang 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been widely applied in translational and regenerative medicine. During aging, there is a recognized functional decline in ADSCs, which compromises their therapeutic effectiveness. Currently, the mechanisms of aging-induced stem cell dysfunction remain unclear, hence there is a need to elucidate these mechanisms and propose strategies for reversing this functional impairment. In this study, we found that ADSCs isolated from old donors (O-ADSCs) presented inferior phenotypes and decreased miR-145-5p levels compared to those from young donors (Y-ADSCs). To interrogate the role of miR-145-5p in ADSCs, gain- and loss-of-function assays were performed. The results indicated that miR-145-5p overexpression in O-ADSCs promoted cellular proliferation and migration, while reducing cell senescence. Further study demonstrated that miR-145-5p could regulate ADSCs function by targeting bone morphogenetic protein binding endothelial cell precursor-derived regulator (BMPER), which is a crucial modulator in angiogenesis. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that miR-145-5p-overexpressing O-ADSCs accelerated wound healing by promoting wound re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. Collectively, this study indicates that miR-145-5p works as a positive regulator for optimizing O-ADSCs function, and may be a novel therapeutic target for restoring aging-associated impairments in stem cell function.
The Mexican Biobank Project promotes genetic discovery, inclusive science and local capacity building
Authors: Sohail Mashaal , Moreno-Estrada Andrés 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Diversifying genotype–phenotype databases is essential to understanding complex trait and disease etiology across different environments and genetic ancestries. The rise of biobanks across the world is helping reveal the genetic and environmental architecture of multiple disease traits but the diversity they capture remains limited. To help close this gap, the Mexican Biobank (MXB) Project was recently generated, and has already revealed fine-scale genetic ancestries and demographic histories across the country, and their impact on trait-relevant genetic variation. This will help guide future genetic epidemiology and public health efforts, and has also improved polygenic prediction for several traits in Mexican populations compared with using data from other genome-wide association studies, such as the UK Biobank. The MXB illustrates the importance of transnational initiatives and funding calls that prioritize local leadership and capacity building to move towards inclusive genomic science.
Portuguese School Teachers’ Perceptions of Physically Active Learning
Authors: Martins Clarice , Mota Jorge , Santos José , Daly-Smith Andrew , Chalkley Anna E. , Singh Amika , Ottesen Claus , Tammelin Tuija , Archbold Victoria S. J. , Silva Maria Paula 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
Limited evidence is available on teachers’ perceptions of physically active learning (PAL) in southern Europe, where this approach is not widely implemented. The age of incumbent teachers in Portugal has been increasing. Considering that teachers’ years of experience could limit their motivation for and enjoyment of new requirements of instruction, this study explored Portuguese primary school teachers’ perceptions of PAL benefits, delivery, and implementation, according to their years of teaching experience.

Methods
Primary school teachers (n = 119; 45.35 ± 7.45 yr old; 98% female) from 48 schools were allocated into two groups: <20 yr and ≥20 yr of experience. Teachers answered an online survey to assess their perceptions of PAL. Chi-square test was used to associate independent (years of experience) and dependent variables.

Results
More than 80% of the teachers agreed with PAL benefits for children’s outcomes. Associations with years of experience were seen for PAL implementation in mathematics and sciences (P < 0.05), with less experienced teachers agreeing most. Artistic and motor expressions were reported as the most suitable curricular component to use PAL (95.9% and 87.1% for <20 yr and ≥20 yr of teaching experience, respectively). Children’s satisfaction during PAL classes was reported as the main facilitator and difficulty in controlling the class as the main barrier in both groups.

Conclusion
The results showed teachers’ similar perceptions of PAL, independent of their teaching experience, although perception of adequacy of PAL for specific Portuguese curricular components differed according to years of experience. Future initiatives should consider developing training to support the implementation process. The insights learned from this study can be used to help facilitate further support for teachers about how to resolve issues relating to classroom management during PAL activities.