bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does carbon dioxide emission influence food security in the United States amidst economic expansion, population growth, and inflation? A QARDL and Wavelet Coherence analysis
Authors: Somoye Oluwatoyin Abidemi , Mar'I Muhammad , Olowu Gbolahan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFood security is an indispensable concept because human life depends on it. Although numerous studies have examined food security in developing economies, there has been a lack of attention given to this issue in developed countries. Thus, this study investigates the influence of carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) on food security in the United States from 1965 to 2022 using Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag (QARDL) and Wavelet Coherence methods. Food security is proxied by the food production index (FPI), while the control variables are gross domestic product (GDP), population growth (POP), and inflation. The Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag results show that: (i) In the short‐run, CO2 influences FPI positively at the 0.05 quantile, while it harms food security at the 0.50 and 0.95 quantiles. However, in the long‐run, the impact is positive across all quantiles; (ii) In the short‐run, GDP harms FPI at the 0.05 quantile while it benefits FPI at the 0.50 and 0.95 quantiles. In the long‐run, GDP's impact across all quantiles is beneficial; (iii) In the short‐run, POP negatively influences FPI at 0.05 and 0.50 quantiles, while it positively spurs FPI at 0.95 quantiles. In the long‐run, POP positively influences FPI at quantiles of 0.05, whereas it negatively influences FPI at 0.50 and 0.95 quantiles; (iv) inflation positively influences FPI in the short and long‐run across all quantiles; (v) The Wavelet Coherence analysis showed a robust correlation across all frequencies. Policy suggestions and implications are discussed further.
Ethnicity, socio‐economic deprivation and postpartum outcomes following caesarean delivery: a multicentre cohort study
Authors: O'Carroll J. E. , Zucco L. , Warwick E. , Radcliffe G. , Moonesinghe S.R. , El‐Boghdadly K. , Guo N. , Carvalho B. , Sultan P. ,   the ObsQoR Collaborators
Published: February 2024

SummaryDisparities relating to postpartum recovery outcomes in different socio‐economic and racial ethnic groups are underexplored. We conducted a planned analysis of a large prospective caesarean delivery cohort to explore the relationship between ethnicity, socio‐economic status and postpartum recovery. Eligible patients were enrolled and baseline demographic, obstetric and medical history data were collected 18 h and 30 h following delivery. Patients completed postpartum quality of life and recovery measures in person on day 1 (EuroQoL EQ‐5D‐5L, including global health visual analogue scale; Obstetric Quality of Recovery‐10 item score; and pain scores) and by telephone between day 28 and day 32 postpartum (EQ‐5D‐5L and pain scores). Socio‐economic group was determined according to the Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile of each patient's usual place of residence. Data from 1000 patients who underwent caesarean delivery were included. There were more patients of Asian, Black and mixed ethnicity in the more deprived quintiles. Patients of White ethnicities had shorter postpartum duration of hospital stay compared with patients of Asian and Black ethnicities (35 (28–56 [18–513]) h vs. 44 (31–71 [19–465]) h vs. 49 (33–75 [23–189]) h, respectively. In adjusted models at day 30, patients of Asian ethnicity had a significantly greater risk of moderate to severe pain (numerical rating scale ≥ 4) at rest and on movement (odds ratio (95%CI) 2.42 (1.24–4.74) and 2.32 (1.40–3.87)), respectively). There were no differences in readmission rates or incidence of complications between groups. Patients from White ethnic backgrounds experience shorter postpartum duration of stay compared with patients from Asian and Black ethnic groups. Ethnic background impacts pain scores and recovery at day 1 postpartum and following hospital discharge, even after adjusting for socio‐economic group. Further work is required to understand the underlying factors driving differences in pain and recovery and to develop strategies to reduce disparities in obstetric patients.
MicroRNA‐guided drug discovery for mitigating persistent pulmonary complications in critical COVID‐19 survivors: A longitudinal pilot study
Authors: García‐Hidalgo María C. , Benítez Iván D. , Perez‐Pons Manel , Molinero Marta , Belmonte Thalía , Rodríguez‐Muñoz Carlos , Aguilà María , Santisteve Sally , Torres Gerard , Moncusí‐Moix Anna , Gort‐Paniello Clara , Peláez Rafael , Larráyoz Ignacio M. , Caballero Jesús , Barberà Carme , Nova‐Lamperti Estefania , Torres Antoni , González Jessica , Barbé Ferran , de Gonzalo‐Calvo David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection pose a significant global challenge, with nearly 50% of critical COVID‐19 survivors manifesting persistent lung abnormalities. The lack of understanding about the molecular mechanisms and effective treatments hampers their management. Here, we employed microRNA (miRNA) profiling to decipher the systemic molecular underpinnings of the persistent pulmonary complications.Experimental ApproachWe conducted a longitudinal investigation including 119 critical COVID‐19 survivors. A comprehensive pulmonary evaluation was performed in the short‐term (median = 94.0 days after hospital discharge) and long‐term (median = 358 days after hospital discharge). Plasma miRNAs were quantified at the short‐term evaluation using the gold‐standard technique, RT‐qPCR. The analyses combined machine learning feature selection techniques with bioinformatic investigations. Two additional datasets were incorporated for validation.Key ResultsIn the short‐term, 84% of the survivors exhibited impaired lung diffusion (DLCO < 80% of predicted). One year post‐discharge, 54.4% of this patient subgroup still presented abnormal DLCO. Four feature selection methods identified two specific miRNAs, miR‐9‐5p and miR‐486‐5p, linked to persistent lung dysfunction. The downstream experimentally validated targetome included 1473 genes, with heterogeneous enriched pathways associated with inflammation, angiogenesis and cell senescence. Validation studies using RNA‐sequencing and proteomic datasets emphasized the pivotal roles of cell migration and tissue repair in persistent lung dysfunction. The repositioning potential of the miRNA targets was limited.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur study reveals early mechanistic pathways contributing to persistent lung dysfunction in critical COVID‐19 survivors, offering a promising approach for the development of targeted disease‐modifying agents.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue Non‐coding RNA Therapeutics. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v182.2/issuetoc
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of novel triphenylphosphonium‐functionalized substituted pyrimidines
Authors: Muzychka Liubov V. , Humeniuk Nataliia I. , Boiko Iryna O. , Vrynchanu Nina O. , Smolii Oleg B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe increase in the prevalence of antibiotic‐resistant pathogens leads to a decrease in the number of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infections and prompts researchers to search for new effective antimicrobial drugs. This study reports the synthesis of novel triphenylphosphonium‐functionalized substituted pyrimidines and in vitro evaluation of their antibacterial and antibiofilm activity. Most of the synthesized derivatives showed high antibacterial activity (MIC = 0.39–1.56 μg/mL) against the methicillin‐resistant strain of S. aureus 222. Compounds 2a and 11 exhibited a high level of antibiofilm activity against S. aureus 222 and E. coli 311. The triphenylphosphonium‐containing pyrimidines 11 and 2a reduced S. aureus 222 biofilm formation by 99.1% and 95.8%, respectively. In addition, compound 2a was the most active against E. coli 311 biofilm formation (the biomass decreased by 98.4%).
The role of glutamate and glutamine metabolism and related transporters in nerve cells
Authors: Zhang Dongyang , Hua Zhongyan , Li Zhijie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundGlutamate and glutamine are the most abundant amino acids in the blood and play a crucial role in cell survival in the nervous system. Various transporters found in cell and mitochondrial membranes, such as the solute carriers (SLCs) superfamily, are responsible for maintaining the balance of glutamate and glutamine in the synaptic cleft and within cells. This balance affects the metabolism of glutamate and glutamine as non‐essential amino acids.AimsThis review aims to provide an overview of the transporters and enzymes associated with glutamate and glutamine in neuronal cells.DiscussionWe delve into the function of glutamate and glutamine in the nervous system by discussing the transporters involved in the glutamate‐glutamine cycle and the key enzymes responsible for their mutual conversion. Additionally, we highlight the role of glutamate and glutamine as carbon and nitrogen donors, as well as their significance as precursors for the synthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH).ConclusionGlutamate and glutamine play a crucial role in the brain due to their special effects. It is essential to focus on understanding glutamate and glutamine metabolism to comprehend the physiological behavior of nerve cells and to treat nervous system disorders and cancer.
iPSC‐derived cells stimulate ABCG2+/NES+ endogenous trabecular meshwork cell proliferation and tissue regeneration
Authors: Xi Gaiping , Feng Pengchao , Zhang Xiaoyan , Wu Shen , Zhang Jingxue , Wang Xiangji , Xiang Ailing , Xu Wenhua , Wang Ningli , Zhu Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA major risk factor for glaucoma, the first leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is the decellularisation of the trabecular meshwork (TM) in the conventional outflow pathway. Stem cell‐based therapy, particularly the utilisation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), presents an enticing potential for tissue regeneration and intraocular pressure (IOP) maintenance in glaucoma. We have previously observed that differentiated iPSCs can stimulate endogenous cell proliferation in the TM, a pivotal factor in TM regeneration and aqueous humour outflow restoration. In this study, we investigated the response of TM cells in vivo after interacting with iPSC‐derived cells and identified two subpopulations responsible for this relatively long‐term tissue regeneration: ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2 (ABCG2)‐positive cells and Nestin (NES)‐positive cells. We further uncovered that alterations of these responsive cells are linked to ageing and different glaucoma etiologies, suggesting that ABCG2+ subpopulation decellularization could serve as a potential risk factor for TM decellularization in glaucoma. Taken together, our findings illustrated the proliferative subpopulations in the conventional outflow pathway when stimulated with iPSC‐derived cells and defined them as TM precursors, which may be applied to develop novel therapeutic approaches for glaucoma.
The association between gender role attitudes, rape myth acceptance and dating sexual violence: Different mechanisms among Chinese college students of different sexual orientations
Authors: Peng Yunqi , Wu Jiarui , Chen Binli , Wang Xiying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDating sexual violence (DSV) is a serious social problem among college students worldwide. This study examines the effects of gender role attitudes (GRA) in DSV and the mediating role of rape myth acceptance (RMA) among students of different sexual orientations in China. A total of 2134 Chinese college students (553 men and 1581 women, 1751 heterosexuals and 383 sexually diverse groups) participated in this study. We found that sexually diverse men have the highest DSV perpetration (47.13%) and victimization rates (40.23%) and that sexually diverse women have the most equal gender attitudes. RMA is identified as a mediator of the relationship between GRA and DSV perpetration and victimization among heterosexuals, but not among sexually diverse groups. The need for more sexually inclusive educational interventions to decrease DSV on college campuses is discussed.
Deficits in basal and evoked striatal dopamine release following alpha‐synuclein preformed fibril injection: An in vivo microdialysis study
Authors: Centner Ashley , Del Priore Isabella , Chambers Nicole , Cohen Sophie R. , Terry Michelle L. , Coyle Michael , Glinski John , Stoll Anna C. , Patterson Joseph R. , Kemp Christopher J. , Miller Kathryn M. , Kubik Michael , Kuhn Nathan , Luk Kelvin C. , Sortwell Caryl E. , Bishop Christopher 
Published: February 2024

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the accumulation of misfolded alpha‐synuclein (α‐syn) protein, forming intraneuronal Lewy body (LB) inclusions. The α‐syn preformed fibril (PFF) model of PD recapitulates α‐syn aggregation, progressive nigrostriatal degeneration and motor dysfunction; however, little is known about the time course of PFF‐induced alterations in basal and evoked dopamine (DA). In vivo microdialysis is well suited for identifying small changes in neurotransmitter levels over extended periods. In the present study, adult male Fischer 344 rats received unilateral, intrastriatal injections of either α‐syn PFFs or phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS). At 4 or 8 months post‐injection (p.i.), animals underwent in vivo microdialysis to evaluate basal extracellular striatal DA and metabolite levels, local KCl‐evoked striatal DA release and the effects of systemic levodopa (l‐DOPA). Post‐mortem analysis demonstrated equivalent PFF‐induced reductions in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive nigral neurons (~50%) and striatal TH (~20%) at both time points. Compared with reduction in striatal TH, reduction in striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) was more pronounced and progressed between the 4‐ and 8‐month p.i. intervals (36% ➔ 46%). Significant PFF‐induced deficits in basal and evoked striatal DA, as well as deficits in motor performance, were not observed until 8 months p.i. Responses to l‐DOPA did not differ regardless of PBS or PFF treatment. These results suggest that basal and evoked striatal DA are maintained for several months following PFF injection, with loss of both associated with motor dysfunction. Our studies provide insight into the time course and magnitude of PFF‐induced extracellular dopaminergic deficits in the striatum.
Couple differentiation and health‐related quality of life
Authors: Worch Sarah , Bartle‐Haring Suzanne 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine whether couple differentiation influenced mental and physical health‐related quality of life in couple members. Data for this study were derived from a larger study at a couple a family therapy clinic. One hundred and thirty‐three couples were included in a latent profile analysis, and seventy‐two couples were included in analyses of mean differences. The latent profile analysis resulted in three distinct groups by level of couple differentiation: high, moderate, or low in differentiation of self. Analyses of variance indicated evidence that couple differentiation influenced health‐related quality‐of‐life measures. Findings are discussed in the context of Bowen Family Systems Theory and the existing literature.
Increased burden of rare protein‐truncating variants in constrained, brain‐specific and synaptic genes in extremely impulsively violent males with antisocial personality disorder
Authors: Mušálková Dita , Přistoupilová Anna , Jedličková Ivana , Hartmannová Hana , Trešlová Helena , Nosková Lenka , Hodaňová Kateřina , Bittmanová Petra , Stránecký Viktor , Jiřička Václav , Langmajerová Michaela , Woodbury‐Smith Marc , Zarrei Mehdi , Trost Brett , Scherer Stephen W. , Bleyer Anthony J. , Vevera Jan , Kmoch Stanislav 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe genetic correlates of extreme impulsive violence are poorly understood, and there have been few studies that have characterized a large group of affected individuals both clinically and genetically. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) in 290 males with the life‐course‐persistent, extremely impulsively violent form of antisocial personality disorder (APD) and analyzed the spectrum of rare protein‐truncating variants (rPTVs). Comparisons were made with 314 male controls and publicly available genotype data. Functional annotation tools were used for biological interpretation. Participants were significantly more likely to harbor rPTVs in genes that are intolerant to loss‐of‐function variants (odds ratio [OR] 2.06; p < 0.001), specifically expressed in brain (OR 2.80; p = 0.036) and enriched for those involved in neurotransmitter transport and synaptic processes. In 60 individuals (20%), we identified rPTVs that we classified as clinically relevant based on their clinical associations, biological function and gene expression patterns. Of these, 37 individuals harbored rPTVs in 23 genes that are associated with a monogenic neurological disorder, and 23 individuals harbored rPTVs in 20 genes reportedly intolerant to loss‐of‐function variants. The analysis presents evidence in support of a model where presence of either one or several private, functionally relevant mutations contribute significantly to individual risk of life‐course‐persistent APD and reveals multiple individuals who could be affected by clinically unrecognized neuropsychiatric Mendelian disease. Thus, Mendelian diseases and increased rPTV burden may represent important factors for the development of extremely impulsive violent life‐course‐persistent forms of APD irrespective of their clinical presentation.
The McClure Mountain Syenite Apatite as a Potential Age Control Reference Material for LA‐ICP‐MS AFT and U‐Pb Double Dating
Authors: Cogné Nathan , Derycke Alexis , Gallagher Kerry 
Published: February 2024

Apatite fission track (AFT) dating is now routinely performed using LA‐ICP‐MS, and U‐Pb age data are often acquired at the same time, allowing double dating of individual grains. Furthermore, additional geochemical data, such as REE mass fractions are readily acquired during the analysis. It is therefore of practical interest to identify a single material as a quality control on ages and composition. Here we present AFT and U‐Pb data for the McClure Mountain Syenite (MMS) apatite, already widely used as an age reference material by the U‐Pb community. We performed double dating on 238 grains, in thirteen measurement sessions over two years. The AFT data show remarkable reproducibility with an overall central age of 254.1 ± 5.1 Ma. The U‐Pb results agree with the reference age for individual sessions (and for all data together). The results show that that the McClure Mountain apatite is a valid quality control material for double dating, allowing the use of the same material for both methods. We also propose to extend the quality control using MMS to trace element measurements performed in conjunction AFT and U‐Pb dating.
Role of miRNAs in T‐cell activation and Th17/Treg‐cell imbalance in acquired aplastic anemia
Authors: Sabreen G. , Rahman Khaliqur , Gupta Ruchi , Chaturvedi Chandra P. , Srivastava Jyotika , Chandra Dinesh , Singh Manish K. , Yadav S. , Sharma Akhilesh , Sarkar Manoj , Kashyap Rajesh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAltered T‐cell repertoire with an aberrant T‐cell activation and imbalance of the Th17/Treg cells has been reported in acquired aplastic anemia (aAA). miRNAs are well known to orchestrate T‐cell activation and differentiation, however, their role in aAA is poorly characterized. The study aimed at identifying the profile of miRNAs likely to be involved in T‐cell activation and the Th17/Treg‐cell imbalance in aAA, to explore newer therapeutic targets.MethodsFive milliliters peripheral blood samples from 30 patients of aAA and 15 healthy controls were subjected to flow cytometry for evaluating Th17‐ and Treg‐cell subsets. The differential expression of 7 selected miRNAs viz; hsa‐miR‐126‐3p, miR‐146b‐5p, miR‐155‐5p, miR‐16, miR‐17, miR‐326, and miR‐181c was evaluated in the PB‐MNCs. Expression analysis of the miRNAs was performed using qRT‐PCR and fold change was calculated by 2−ΔΔCt method. The alterations in the target genes of deregulated miRNAs were assessed by qRT‐PCR. The targets studied included various transcription factors, cytokines, and downstream proteins.ResultsThe absolute CD3+ lymphocytes were significantly elevated in the PB of aAA patients when compared with healthy controls (p < 0.0035), however, the CD4:CD8 ratio was unperturbed. Th17: Treg‐cell ratio was altered in aAA patients (9.1 vs. 3.7%, p value <0.05), which correlated positively with disease severity and the PNH positive aAA. Across all severities of aAA, altered expression of the 07 miRNAs was noted in comparison to controls; upregulation of miR‐155 (FC—2.174, p‐value‐0.0001), miR‐146 (FC—2.006, p‐value‐0.0001), and miR‐17 (FC—3.1, p‐value‐0.0001), and downregulation of miR‐126 (FC—0.329, p‐value‐0.0001), miR‐181c (FC—0.317, p‐value‐0.0001), miR‐16 (FC—0.348, p‐value‐0.0001), and miR‐326 (FC—0.334, p‐value‐0.0001). Target study for these miRNAs revealed an increased expression of transcription factors responsible for Th1 and Th17 differentiation (T‐bet, RORϒt, IL‐17, IL‐6, and IFN‐ϒ), T‐cell activation (NFκB, MYC, and PIK3R2), downregulation of FOX‐P3, and other regulatory downstream molecules like SHIP‐1, ETS‐1, IRAK‐1, TRAF‐6, and PTEN.ConclusionThe study for the first time highlights the plausible role of different miRNAs in deregulating the Th17/Treg‐cell imbalance in aAA, and comprehensively suggest the role of altered NF‐kB and mTOR pathways in aAA. The axis may be actively explored for development of newer therapeutic targets in aAA.
Effects of alternating pressure patterns on sacral skin blood flow responses in people with spinal cord injury
Authors: Pauly Serah , Mo Pu‐Chun , Elliott Jeannette , Bleakney Adam , Pappu Suguna , Jan Yih‐Kuen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlternating pressure support surface (APSS) is a common support surface for treating pressure injury in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, conflicting results on the effectiveness of APSS have been reported and may be associated with inappropriate configurations of APSS. The objectives of this study were to compare the different pressure amplitudes (75/5 mmHg [alternating between 75 and 5 mmHg] vs. 65/15 mmHg) and cycle periods (5 min [4 cycles] vs. 2.5 min [8 cycles]) of alternating pressure on sacral skin blood flow responses in 10 individuals with SCI. Sacral skin blood flow during and after loading of four alternating pressure protocols was assessed using laser Doppler flowmetry and was normalised to the value before loading (10‐min baseline, 20‐min loading and 10‐min recovery). The results demonstrated that during the high‐pressure phase, there was a significant difference between the 75/5 and 65/15 mmHg protocols (0.3658 ± 0.0688 for 75/5 mmHg and 0.1702 ± 0.0389 for 65/15 mmHg, p < 0.05); and during the low‐pressure phase, there was a significant difference between the 75/5 and 65/15 mmHg protocols (1.7184 ± 0.262 for 75/5 mmHg and 0.5916 ± 0.1378 for 65/15 mmHg, p < 0.05). There were no differences between cycle periods in skin blood flow responses. No adverse events were reported. Our finding indicates that the pressure amplitude of alternating pressure is a significant factor affecting sacral skin blood flow responses. An appropriate configuration of alternating pressure is needed to effectively increase skin blood flow and tissue viability in individuals with SCI.