bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Singularity Over Stratified Uncertainty Space
Authors: Jonckheere Edmond A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Originally the Morse theory was developed for real-valued functions defined on compact, differentiable manifolds [Morse 1925], [Milnor 1963]. Unfortunately, this does not lead us further than the multivariable phase margin problem where, typically,[ineq]. In many other structured stability problems, the set of uncertainties D x n is more complicated than a mere compact differentiable manifold. It suffices that the uncertainty manifold has a boundary for the “global” results of the previous chapter to fail, although the “local” results remain valid modulo some revisions. Early generalizations of the Morse theory to include the case of manifolds-with-boundary are due to Morse himself. This effort and other early attempts to extend the Morse theory have, more recently, crystallized around the so-called the Stratified Morse Theory [Goresky and MacPherson 1988]. The stratified Morse theory extends the classical Morse theory to the socalled stratified spaces, that encompass practically all sets of uncertainties encountered in robust stability. The idea of the stratified Morse theory, which comprises the case of an uncertainty manifold with boundary, is to decompose, or “stratify,” the space in a disjoint union of submanifolds, or “strata,” of varying dimensions.
Philosophy, the Emotions, and Psychopathology
Authors: Lyons William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It matters a great deal what theory of emotion is presumed by anyone involved in psychopathology. Putting this another way, I should make it clear that there can be no such things as free-standing or theory-neutral definitions, including those in psychopathology. Definitions always involve theory. Coming to an agreed definition, at least at its best, involves argument, evidence, and decision. Even to define such an ordinary, uncontroversial thing as a rabbit involves theorizing of a quite involved sort. To define rabbit (as does the Oxford English Dictionary [OED]) as “burrowing rodent of hare family, brownish grey in natural state” already presupposes a host of theoretical decisions, decisions such as what is to count as a rodent: “animal of the order Rodentia with strong incisors and no canine teeth” (says the OED). So, agreeing on what a rodent is depends on a decision about how we are to pick out orders, a decision about why having incisors and no canine teeth is to be considered a sufficiently salient difference so as to be the basis of an order, and so on.
Dyadic Interaction Regulation, Emotion, and Psychopathology
Authors: Krause Rainer , Steimer-Krause Evelyne , Merten, Jorg , Ullrich Burkhard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In our research we have been dealing with questions and problems usually centered around the psychoanalytic concepts of transference and countertransference. Laplanche and Pontalis (1972) define transference “as the process through which unconscious wishes are actualized with specific objects within the frame of specific types of relations, having been relevant for these objects” (p. 5 50). According to this definition transference must encompass strategies to create specific relationship patterns. In addition, according to this psychoanalytic assumption, these patterns should be repetitions of past experiences with significant others. Most, if not all, schools of psychotherapy would agree that mentally ill people can be characterized by high degrees of negentropy within their cognitive-affective organization. The related phenomena are called “Klischee” (Freud, 1912), schemas (Horowitz, 1994), or role relationship models (Horowitz, 1991).
Some Emotional Dynamics Underlying the Genesis of False Memory Syndrome
Authors: Rivera Joseph de 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Two months after mailing the letter from which the above segment is excerpted, a turn of events led the woman who wrote it to stop seeing her therapist, to completely retract her accusation, and to reconcile with her family. Letters, such as the one excerpted above, have been received by thousands of bewildered families in the United States. They are a reflection of what has come to be called false memory syndrome, a disorder in which a person’s identity and relationship are centered about a belief in memories of traumatic experiences that are objectively false (Kihlstrom, in press).
Spherical Bubble Dynamics
Authors: Brennen Christopher E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Having considered the initial formation of bubbles, we now proceed to identify the subsequent dynamics of bubble growth and collapse. The behavior of a single bubble in an infinite domain of liquid at rest far from the bubble and with uniform temperature far from the bubble will be examined first. This spherically symmetric situation provides a simple case that is amenable to analysis and reveals a number of important phenomena. Complications such as those introduced by the presence of nearby solid boundaries will be discussed in the chapters which follow.
Revisions of Liberalism: Interdependence Theory
Authors: Crane George T , Amawi Abla 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Modern liberalism has both affirmed and denied the theoretical project of international political economy. Neoclassical analysis essentially ignores the problem of how economics and politics interact, focusing exclusively on “pure economics.” On the other hand, John Maynard Keynes, with his ideas of macroeconomic aggregates and countercyclical state intervention, lays the analytic groundwork for a revised liberal IPE theory. Although Keynes himself did not fully develop the political side of the argument, his ideas have been incorporated and extended by interdependence theorists.
Keynesianism resonates in the work of Richard Cooper, one of the first to popularize the notion of interdependence. Cooper suggests that advances in transportation, communications, technology transfer, and the like have fundamentally altered the conditions of international economics. Most importantly, differences in comparative costs appear to be diminishing. This implies that the gains from trade seen by Smith and Ricardo may not be as obvious as they once were. Furthermore, global economic integration may thwart equilibrating world market forces: “in normal periods prospective imbalances in international payments ... are likely to be more frequent and of larger amplitude than they have been in the past.” In a manner similar to Keynes’s discussion of the difficulties of achieving domestic equilibrium, Cooper argues that new policies arc needed to address the unprecedented conditions of international interdependence.
The Components Of Action Systems: Subsystems And Their Interaction
Authors: Goldfield Eugene C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines how the particular relation between body and brain that has evolved in humans supports the dynamic processes discussed in the previous chapters. In the first chapter, I highlighted the motor-action controversy, and observed that the information processing metaphor treated movement as the output of a motor program organized into a command hierarchy. A more traditional chapter on the nervous system in a book on “motor” development would focus on the anatomy of the perceptual and motor systems relative to a kind of flowchart of input-output relations (e.g., Brooks, 1986; Ghez, 1985).
Selection And The Emergence Of Specialized Functions
Authors: Goldfield Eugene C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Chapter 5, I examined how the assembly of coordinative structures was an example of spontaneous pattern formation (biological morphogenesis). Morphogenesis of action is the process by which the microscopic degrees of freedom of the body self-assemble into macroscopic units. As we shall see in this chapter, there is also a fundamental question of “how” in all complex biological systems, the means by which coordinative structures become useful for special functions, i.e., to serve as special-purpose devices. In order to address this question, I discuss the significance of Darwinian selection on the self-organization evident in morphogenesis, with respect to both graph dynamics (the time scale of ontogeny and evolution) and parameter dynamics (the time scale of learning).
Conclusions And Directions
Authors: Goldfield Eugene C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this book, I have presented a tapestry of ideas whose colors and textures derive from disciplines often outside the purview of scientists interested in human development: dynamic systems, developmental biology, and ecological psychology. These ideas were used as the foundation for a theory of the assembly and tuning of action systems during infancy. Earlier developmentalists, especially Piaget, recognized the importance of a theory of behavioral development with strong ties to physics and biology (see, e.g., his Biology and knowledge, 1971). Owing to training in biology at the beginning of this century, Piaget incorporated fundamental concepts from Darwin into his theory of behavioral development. As a young malacologist, Piaget studied variation in shell patterns. Later, when he applied biology to behavior, Piaget proposed that infant learning was based upon repetition of an action that led to an initial random event (i.e., a circular reaction).
Future Applications of PCR to Conservation Biology
Authors: Carter Deidre , Reynolds Rebecca , Fildes Nicola , White Thomas J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since the first article on the polymerase chain reaction was published (Saiki et al., 1985), it has become possible to do experiments that could not be considered previously. Further advances in the method and its applications over the past nine years have extended PCRs utility to many new fields such as molecular archeology and conservation biology (White et al., 1989; Arnheim et al., 1990). In this article we review several recent modifications to the PCR technique that overcome some of its limitations and promise to make its use routine among conservation biologists by the end of the decade.
Conservation Genetics and Molecular Techniques: A Perspective
Authors: Hedrick Philip W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As the human population and human impact on natural areas has increased over the past few decades, there have been heightened threats to rare and endangered species throughout the world. Largely because of this trend, the rate of extinction has increased and there has been great public and scientific interest in trying to reverse the trend toward extinction of many rare and endangered species. Although the factors that appear to be important in ultimately causing extinction are thought to be multifold (e.g., Shaffer, 1981; Soule, 1986; Lande, 1988), in the scientific efforts in conservation biology, there has often been an emphasis on the importance of genetic factors in influencing extinction.
The History & Practice of Ancient Astronomy
Authors: Evans James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy combines new scholarship with hands-on science to bring readers into direct contact with the work of ancient astronomers. While tracing ideas from ancient Babylon to sixteenth-century Europe, the book places its greatest emphasis on the Greek period, when astronomers developed the geometric and philosophical ideas that have determined the subsequent character of Western astronomy. The author approaches this history through the concrete details of ancient astronomical practice. Carefully organized and generously illustrated, the book can teach readers how to do real astronomy using the methods of ancient astronomers. For example, readers will learn to predict the next retrograde motion of Jupiter using either the arithmetical methods of the Babylonians or the geometric methods of Ptolemy. They will learn how to use an astrolabe and how to design sundials using Greek and Roman techniques. The book also contains supplementary exercises and patterns for making some working astronomical instruments, including an astrolabe and an equatorium. More than a presentation of astronomical methods, the book provides a critical look at the evidence used to reconstruct ancient astronomy. It includes extensive excerpts from ancient texts, meticulous documentation, and lively discussions of the role of astronomy in the various cultures. Accessible to a wide audience, this book will appeal to anyone interested in how our understanding of our place in the universe has changed and developed, from ancient times through the Renaissance.
The Birth of Astronomy
Authors: Evans James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The oldest surviving works of Greek literature are the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, which were put into written form probably around the end of the eighth century B.C. Only a little younger is Hesiod’s Works and Days, which dates from about 650 B.C. When Homer and Hesiod were writing, the Greeks were just emerging from their dark age. Literacy had been gained, then lost in the convulsions of the twelfth century B.C., then regained. Historians turn to Homer and Hesiod for insight into the Greek societies about 700 B.c. —for insight into the Greeks’ economic life, their social organization, and their religious practices. We can profitably inquire of Homer and Hesiod just what the Greeks knew of astronomy.
Planetary Theory
Authors: Evans James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Figure 7.1 shows the constellation Leo on January 14, 1980. The two bright objects near the center of the photo are planets—Jupiter in right center, Mars in left center. To an untrained eye, observing on a single night, these planets are indistinguishable from stars. Thus, the two planets in figure 7.1 might seem to be a permanent part of the constellation Leo. Only if we carefully note the positions of the stars of Leo with respect to one another and watch them over a period of weeks or months will we notice anything strange. In figure 7.2, we see Mars and Jupiter in Leo about three months later, on April 10, 1980. In figure 7.2, Jupiter and Mars are again the brightest objects in the photo, Jupiter being a little lower than Mars. In the course of three months, Mars and Jupiter dramatically shifted their places with respect to the background stars.
Totem as Practically Reason: Revisiting the Rationality Debate
Authors: Bruner Jerome 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chapters 5 and 6 explored some of the cognitive implications of a thoroughly machine-mediated environment and the modularity schema it has produced. Perhaps the most striking thing about the modularity schema is that it has led to an odd coupling: a highly developed notion of rationality wed to an impoverished notion of meaning. The hyperrational orientation is inherent in the very notion of modularity, with its tendency to analyze reality into elementary units that are subject to rule-governed recombination and substitution.
Kwakiutl Animal Symbolism: Food for Thought
Authors: Bruner Jerome 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is no coincidence that the problem of totemism engaged so many important thinkers for so many years. Nor is it surprising that noted psychologists and philosophers joined anthropologists in trying to understand what totemistic classifications were all about. As we saw in the previous chapter, the interpretation of totemism depends inevitably on a stated or unstated theory of human classification and symbolization. And to theorize about symbols and classification is to propose a theory of mind. Important matters were at stake in how totemism was accounted for.
For generations of theorists, totemism was the battleground on which theories about the relation between culture and mind were waged. Totemism provided ample food for the most diverse thoughts about the mind. To some, the mystical totemic identifications between species suggested the workings of “prelogical” mental processes. To others, they represented repressed memories of a primal scene at the dawn of humanity. More recently, rationalists like Levi-Strauss found comfort in the universal taxonomic sensibility to which such classifications seemed to point.
When Models Collide: Cultural Origins of Ambivalence
Authors: Bruner Jerome 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The last chapter considered a case of multiple cultural models for the same domain, in this case village space. Two Samoan spatial models, formally characterized as concentric and diametric dualism, provide for Samoans alternative ways to orient themselves within village settings. Though given conventional cultural form in Samoa, these alternative models are probably related to the basic differences between ego-centric and sociocentric spatial perception in all humans.
Not all cases of multiple models can be neatly explained by this sort of appeal to contextual dissociation. Alternative models, like those discussed in the preceding chapter, are usually allocated to different social contexts and become part of the complex rhetoric of cultural communication. But sometimes cultural models simply collide and are not rescued by context in the way alternative models are (D’Andrade and Strauss, 1992). In this chapter I want to look at what happens when cultural models come into direct conflict. As in the preceding chapter, the cases to be discussed are taken from my own Samoan fieldwork.
Analogical Transfer and the Work of Culture
Authors: Bruner Jerome 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To study the place of culture in mind requires more than just a coordination of concepts from different disciplines. It also means relating models at very different levels of abstraction and organization. The notion that phenomena are ordered at different levels is a common assumption in all the sciences. To study the behavior of an object in motion is different from studying that object’s constituent molecules. Likewise, the study of animal behavior is not normally assumed to be reducible to the study of its cell behavior. The various disciplines and subdisciplines in the sciences are usually defined in terms of such distinctive levels of analysis, each with emergent properties (Polanyi, 1966).
Advances in science often require a bracketing of the consideration of how phenomena at one level of analysis (like neural networks) are related to phenomena at a higher level (concepts, for example) or a lower level (such as cells).
Boo!
Authors: Simons Ronald C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The startle reflex provides a revealing model for examining the ways in which evolved neurophysiology shapes personal experience and patterns of recurrent social interaction. In the most diverse cultural contexts, in societies widely separated by time and space, the inescapable physiology of the reflex both shapes the experience of startle and biases the social usages to which the reflex is put. This book describes ways in which the startle reflex is experienced, culturally elaborated, and socially used in a wide variety of times and places. It offers explanations both for the patterned commonalities found across cultural settings and for the differences engendered by diverse social environments. Boo! will intrigue readers in fields such as psychological anthropology, medical anthropology, general cultural anthropology, social psychology, cross-cultural psychiatry, evolutionary psychology, and human ethology.
Culture, Biology, and Individual Experience
Authors: Simons Ronald C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book has presented a curious assemblage of material: a description and analysis of the startle-reflex and attention-capture; stories from the lives of people living in a variety of cultures; a discussion of fright illnesses; excerpts from novels, plays, poems, and newspapers; descriptive and historical discussions of latah; and briefer descriptions and discussions of a number of other culture-bound syndromes. Each of the pieces of data pre-sented might have been analyzed in many different ways, but here the emphasis has been on what they have in common.
Game Theory, Reproductive Skew, and Nepotism
Authors: Reeve Hudson Kern 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Our understanding of the evolution of cooperative kin groups has been greatly advanced by kin selection models (Hamilton 1964, West-Eberhard 1975) and, more recently, by a melding of such models with game-theoretic models to explain and predict the outcomes of a variety of intragroup conflicts (Trivers&Hare 1976, Gra fen 1979, Emlen 1982, Vehrencamp 1983, Reeve 1991, Reeve&Ratnieks 1993, Reeve&Keller 1995, Mock et al., this volume). In this chapter, I focus on potential conflicts within kin groups over both the partitioning of reproduction and the expres sion of nepotism, the latter conflict arising when resolution of the former leads to reproductive sharing among group members.
In particular, I shall argue that new game-theoretic models are needed to shed light on two fundamental problems: (1) the joint evolution of reproductive partitioning and genetic composition of cooperative groups, especially when potential group-joiners have a choice of groups to join or residents have a choice of joiners to accept, and (2) the selective mechanisms underlying the surprising absence of within group nepotism in kin groups, most notably in social insect colonies.
C
Authors: Bunson Margaret 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cairo Calendar a text discovered in a papyrus that dates to the reign of ramesses ii (1290–1224 B.C.) of the 19th Dynasty. This was a calendar of lucky and unlucky days of the year. The good or bad fortune of a single day was determined by past events connected to that particular date, concerning the gods, omens, battles or prophecies recorded for that specific time period.
G
Authors: Bunson Margaret 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Garf Husein a site below the First Cataract near the wadi alaki, where a temple of ramesses ii of the 19th Dynasty (c. 1290–1224 b.c.) was discovered. The shrine was dedicated to the Memphite god ptah and was built into a rocky cliff. A pylon led to a court where three porticos were stylishly decorated. The subterranean level contained a pillared hall and five sanctuaries designed in the form of crosses.
V
Authors: Bunson Margaret 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Valley of the Kings (Biban el-Muluk) the desert necropolis on the west bank of the Nile opposite the ancient Egyptian capital of thebes. The 18th Dynasty, having cleared Egypt of the hyksos, the Asiatic invaders of the Second Intermediate Period (1640–1532 b.c.), began to build elaborate mortuary complexes of great splendor at Thebes. amenhotep i (1525–1504 b.c.) is credited with having devised the plan of separating the royal tombs from mortuary temples, but he was buried probably at Dra’Abu-el-Naga’. tuthmosis i, his successor, was the first king to have a tomb cut into the cliffs of the Valley of the Kings.
XYZ
Authors: Bunson Margaret 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Xois the modern Sakha, located in the central Delta, a city of ancient Egypt. During the Second Intermediate Period the nobles from this region began the Xoite Dynasty (14th Dynasty), which ruled contemporaneously with the hyksos and Asiatic line and with the Theban dynasty in the south. Manetho listed 76 Xoite kings and 72 of the names were confirmed by the turin payrus. During the 20th Dynasty, in the reign of ramesses iii (1194–1163 b.c.), Xois was one of the towns overrun by the Libyan forces under the command of the meshwesh. Ramesses III defeated the Libyans and set Xois and its neighboring communities free of the foreign domination.