bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DC magnetic deviation in the matching transformer of a series active filter, and its suppression
Authors: Hasegawa Hiroshi , Srianthumrong Sunt , Akagi Hirofumi , Fujita Hideaki 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis paper deals with a series active filter for harmonic‐current compensation of a large‐capacity diode rectifier with a capacitive load. Flux saturation may occur in a series matching transformer for connecting the series active filter to the ac side of the diode rectifier. This paper develops an analog controller of a dc magnetizing current flowing in the matching transformer, along with a model for the controller, to avoid the flux saturation. Operating characteristics of the controller are theoretically and experimentally discussed, taking into account both an offset voltage in the controller and an error in a current sensor. Finally, this paper discusses a relation between magnetizing characteristics of the matching transformer and the amplitude of the magnetizing current. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 144(2): 63–72, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10188
An analytical study of the plasma conditions and performance of an MHD generator
Authors: Murakami Tomoyuki , Nakata Yoshitaka , Okuno Yoshihiro , Yamasaki Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn order to investigate the effects of plasma conditions on fluid‐dynamical prediction of the performance of an MHD generator, local steady‐state calculations are employed. The effective Hall parameter and effective electrical conductivity are estimated by taking the linear theory of ionization instability into account. The results of analytical calculations are compared with experimental ones. Although a fully ionized seed condition, which suppresses instability, provides the highest power generation performance, the condition could be realized only at a high seed fraction in the experiments. It is suggested by the analysis that the fully ionized seed plasma produced at a low seed fraction is desirable in order to achieve high performance. The analysis implies that instability due to insufficient or excessive electron temperatures is a performance‐limiting factor. The effects of plasma conditions on performance are clearly explained by the present simple analysis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 144(2): 9–15, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10196
Development of a laser radar using LDS dye and sum frequency generation for NO2 measurement
Authors: Mori Hideto , Nayuki Takuya , Cao Nianwen , Fukuchi Tetsuo , Fujii Takashi , Nemoto Koshichi , Takeuchi Nobuo 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA laser radar for measuring vertical concentration profiles of atmospheric NO2 was developed. The laser transmitter uses an LDS765 dye laser pumped by a Nd:YAG laser. The dye laser output is converted to wavelengths 446.8 and 448.1 nm, which are used for NO2 measurement, by sum frequency generation (SFG) using a pair of KD*P crystals. The dependence of the LDS765 dye laser output on wavelength and dye concentration was investigated, and the performance of the laser transmitter was evaluated. Compared to the Coumarin 445 dye laser conventionally used for NO2 measurement, this laser transmitter represents a significant improvement in output stability, as well as in maximum output energy and overall conversion efficiency. Using the newly developed laser radar, NO2 concentrations of 20 to 40 ppb were measured for vertical range 500 to 1000 m, which were in rough agreement with values monitored on the ground. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 144(2): 26–33, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10231
Influence of the type of olive‐crusher used on the quality of extra virgin olive oils
Authors: Caponio Francesco , Gomes Tommaso , Summo Carmine , Pasqualone Antonella 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAn experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate the quality of virgin olive oils obtained when either a hammer‐crusher or a disk‐crusher were used for the olive paste preparation; the effect of the temperature rise caused by rapid olive crushing was also assessed. Oxidative degradation in the oils obtained from hammer‐crushed olives was significantly higher than in those obtained from disk‐crushed olives as shown by the levels of oxidised triacylglycerols and the results of the oven test. A significant inverse correlation (p <0.001) was found between the Rancimat induction time values and the amounts of oxidised triacylglycerols as determined by the high‐performance size exclusion chromatography analysis of polar compounds. These findings suggested that polar compound analyses, just as routine analyses, may be used as a suitable analytical tool to effectively evaluate the quality of virgin olive oils.
Influence of heating time and oxygen availability on lipid oxidation in meat emulsions
Authors: Andreo Alejandra I. , Doval Mirtha M. , Romero Ana M. , Judis Maria A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of heating time and oxygen availability on lipid oxidation during chill storage, using different step indicators, in a meat emulsion model.Lipid oxidation was measured by conjugated dienes, hydroperoxides and 2‐thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation on raw and cooked meat emulsion at 80 °C in different oxygen availability bags, at 0 °C during 35 d.The results obtained showed that heat treatment and oxygen availability affected conjugated dienes, hydroperoxides and 2‐thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation during chill storage. Besides cooked meat emulsion did not have a similar behaviour to that of raw samples.Thus, is very important to follow primary and secondary products of oxidative deterioration to understand the effect of heat treatment and oxygen availability overall lipid oxidation process in meat emulsion.
Some physical properties of castor oil esters and hydrogenated castor oil esters
Authors: Kulkarni Mangesh G. , Sawant Sudhirprakash B. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractEsters of castor oil and hydrogenated castor oil were prepared with C6, C12, C16, C18 fatty acids, using tetra‐n‐butyl titanate as a catalyst and n‐butyl benzene as a water entrainer. Physical properties such as melting point, refractive index, viscosity, and specific gravity of these esters were measured. Slip melting points of the esters were very low in both cases. These esters did not crystallize even at low temperature. The highest slip melting point obtained was 21 °C with stearoyl hydrogenated castor oil ester and lowest slip melting point obtained was —6 °C with hexanoyl castor oil ester.
Effects of seed damage on the oxidative stability of poppy seed oil
Authors: Wagner Karl‐Heinz , Isnardy Bettina , Elmadfa Ibrahim 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis study was conducted to assess the reduction of life time and quality of poppy seeds considering a mechanical damage, which may occur during harvesting.Vienna, Vienna, Austria Poppy seeds were crushed to receive 90%, 80%, 70%, 60% and 50% intact seeds, the undamaged 100% intact seeds served as controls. The samples were stored at 40 °C for 175 d and oxidation experiments performed periodically by assessing conjugated dienes, p‐anisidine reactive products, the iodine value, the acid value and γ‐tocopherol content.With increasing degree of mechanical damage the shelf life declined, the oxidation products were formed more rapidly and the main antioxidant in poppy seeds γ‐tocopherol was consumed. Considering the reduction of life time by including all quality parameters the shelf life of the 10% damaged seeds was reduced by 50.5%. This reduction was reached up to 82% for the 50% damaged seeds compared to the control. A high correlation was found between the increase in oxidation products and the degradation of γ‐tocopherol.This study show that increased damage during harvesting (10‐50%) is responsible for a faster loss of product quality especially in seeds containing high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids like poppy seeds.
Lipids and phenols in table olives
Authors: Bianchi Giorgio 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe olive fruit is essentially constituted by the epicarp, or skin, mesocarp, or pulp, and the endocarp, or stone, and the latter includes the seed. Table olives (also called eating olives) are prepared from healthy, specifically cultivated, olive varieties picked at the right maturation stage and whose quality, after appropriate processing, corresponds to that of an edible well preserved product. The most important industrial preparations of table olives are the Spanish (or Sevillian) for green olives, the Californian for oxidised black olives, and the Greek for naturally black olives.In the Spanish and Californian procedures, olives are treated with a diluted aqueous NaOH solution, that brings about several changes in the susceptible classes of compounds in the fruit. Note, however, that the composition of the triglycerides remain unaffected by these procedures. After the treatment the olives are rinsed to remove the alkali, and the fruit is then left to ferment in brine for several months. The production of naturally black olives in brine, according to the Greek traditional method, is a simple, natural process which does not use chemicals. The main phenols in the olive are oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol (β(3‐4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol), tyrosol (β(4‐hydroxyphenyl) ethanol) and verbascoside; the major polycyclic triterpenes are the oleanolic and maslinic acids. The NaOH treatment hydrolysed oleuropein into β(3‐4‐dihydroxyphenyl) ethanol, oleoside 11‐methylester and oleoside. These last glucosides and the oleuropein itself, in acidic medium, yielded glucose and a number of compounds called, collectively, oleuropein aglycones. During the fermentation process phenols diffuse from the pulp into the brine. Also, even during the alkaline treatment, there is the rapid diffusion of the pentacyclic oleanolic and maslinic acids salts into the brine.
Organically Modified Sol‐Gel/Chitosan Composite Based Glucose Biosensor
Authors: Chen Xu , Jia Jianbo , Dong Shaojun 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA new type of organically modified sol‐gel/chitosan composite material was developed and used for the construction of glucose biosensor. This material provided good biocompatibility and the stabilizing microenvironment around the enzyme. Ferrocene was immobilized on the surface of glassy carbon electrode as a mediator. The characteristics of the biosensor were studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The effects of enzyme‐loading, buffer pH, applied potential and several interferences on the response of the enzyme electrode were investigated. The simple and low‐cost glucose biosensor exhibited high sensitivity and good stability.
Direct Electrochemical Oxidation of DNA on Polycrystalline Gold Electrodes
Authors: Ferapontova Elena E. , Domínguez Elena 
Published: May 2003

AbstractElectrochemical CV and SWV studies were performed with double stranded DNA from salmon testes (dsDNA) and single stranded DNAs, containing 25 nucleotides (ssDNA) directly adsorbed at polycrystalline Au electrodes. A distinct oxidation peak at +730 mV (SWV, scan rate 0.248 V s−1) or at +730 – +780 mV (CV, scan rate from 0.3 to 1 V s−1) was obtained with DNA‐modified Au electrodes after a time‐dependent prepolarization step at a positive potential value, i.e., at +500 mV (vs. Ag|AgCl), performed with the DNA‐modified Au electrodes dipped in a blank buffer solution. No electrochemical activity was detected when ssDNA, containing no guanines, was used for adsorptive modification of the Au electrodes. Electrochemical impedance measurements registered a possible reorganization of the adsorbed DNA layer in the course of the prepolarization, accompanied by decreasing in‐phase impedance. The results enable us to relate the oxidation process observed at the DNA‐modified Au electrodes with the oxidation of guanine residues in DNA.
A Model for Characterization of Successive Hydrogen Bonding Interactions with Electrochemically Generated Charged Species. The Quinone Electroreduction in the Presence of Donor Protons
Authors: Gómez Martín , González Felipe J. , González Ignacio 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn this work, it is considered that charged molecules, such as the semiquinone (Q.−) and the benzoquinone dianion (Q2−), interact with weak donor protons (DH) via hydrogen bonding through consecutive association steps which depend on the concentration of DH. On the basis of a reversible voltammetric behavior, a model is presented for determining integer numbers of associated molecules of DH and the thermodynamic constants (βi) related with each association equilibrium. The electrochemical reduction of 1,4‐benzoquinone (Q) in the presence of different aliphatic alcohols and diols, in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), illustrates the utility of the model. Based on analysis of half‐wave potential variation according to the DH concentration, the association constants were determined for the Q.− and Q2− complexes with the different alcohols studied and mole‐fraction distribution diagrams were constructed. These diagrams explain the fractional values, produced using the typical model, widely reported in the literature, for study the hydrogen bonding between the electrochemically generated charged species with donor protons.
Voltammetric Behavior and Determination of Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid in Presence of Other Antioxidants Using PLS Calibration
Authors: Galeano Diaz Teresa , Espinosa‐Mansilla Anunciación , Murillo Belén Roldán , Salinas Francisco 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe voltammetric behavior of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) has been studied (glassy carbon electrode, 20% acetonitrile‐water medium) with different techniques. A DPV procedure is proposed to determine NDGA alone, at pH 4.0 with Britton‐Robinson buffer. The sampled DC mode, together with the PLS type 1 multivariate approach, allows us to analyze NDGA in presence of TBHQ and PG. The proposed methods were applied for the determination of NDGA in different samples of olive oil, sunflower oil and packet soup, with, in general, satisfactory recovery results.
The Protective Nature of Dodecanethiol Self‐Assembled Monolayers Deposited on Au for the Electropolymerization of 3‐Methylthiophene
Authors: Gonçalves Débora , Irene Eugene A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSelf‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of dodecanethiol spontaneously deposited on Au were investigated as electrodes for the electropolymerization of 3‐methylthiophene. The bare Au and SAM‐Au electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and spectroscopic ellipsometry in order to study their surface characteristics. The SAMs on Au showed a thickness of 15–20 Å and a densely packed nature that precluded dissolution of Au during the polymer growth in non‐aqueous acidic solutions. The electrodeposition of poly‐3‐methylthiophene films on the bare and SAM‐Au electrodes was carried out by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The presence of the SAM on the electrode surface inhibited the first stages of polymerization of 3‐methylthiophene, but after an induction time, compact and uniform films were obtained on the SAM‐Au electrodes.
Dendrimer Modified Thiolated Gold Surfaces as Sensor Devices for Halogenated Alkyl‐Carboxylic Acids in Aqueous Medium. A Promising New Type of Surfaces for Electroanalytical Applications
Authors: Ledesma‐García J. , Manríquez J. , Gutiérrez‐Granados S. , Godínez Luis A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThiolated gold electrodes bearing either carboxylic or amino terminal groups were exposed to dilute PAMAM dendrimer aqueous solutions in which the ramified polymers have the complementary opposite charge. The novel interfaces that result from dendrimer electrostatic aggregation, were then probed as electrochemical sensors for three halogenated carboxylic acid compounds in aqueous solution. The results show an increased sensitivity for the electrochemical detection of the three acids using the modified surfaces as compared to bare gold electrodes. The use of this type of novel interfacial architecture, is presented as a potentially new and important approach for the development of electroanalytical sensors for the detection of organic contaminants in water.
Label‐Free Bioelectronic Detection of Point Mutation by Using Peptide Nucleic Acid Probes
Authors: Kerman Kagan , Ozkan Dilsat , Kara Pinar , Erdem Arzum , Meric Burcu , Nielsen Peter E. , Ozsoz Mehmet 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAn electrochemical hybridization biosensor based on peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes with a label‐free protocol is described. The detection of PNA‐DNA and DNA‐DNA hybridizations were accomplished based on the oxidation signal of guanine by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at carbon paste electrode (CPE). It was observed that the oxidation signals of guanine obtained from the PNA and DNA probe modified CPEs were higher than those obtained from the PNA‐DNA and DNA‐DNA hybrid modified CPEs due to the accessible unbound guanine bases. The detection of hybridization between PNA probe and point mutation containing DNA target sequences was clearly observed due to the difference of the oxidation signals of guanine bases, because the point mutation was guanine nearly at the middle of the sequence. The effect of the DNA target concentration on the hybridization signal was also observed. The PNA probe was also challenged with excessive and equal amount of noncomplementary DNA and also mixtures of point mutation and target DNA.
Computers, e‐mail and therapy in eating disorders
Authors: Robinson Paul , Serfaty Marc 
Published: May 2003

AbstractMany ethical and practical questions have been asked in relation to the delivery of therapy via e‐mail including: is therapy delivered via e‐mail acceptable to clients? Are people recruited into treatment via an e‐mailed advertisement similar to a clinical sample? Is such therapy effective? Is there a therapeutic relationship which involves expression of emotion, therapist empathy, and other features of the face‐to‐face therapeutic interaction? Is such therapy safe? This paper attempts to answer these questions based on findings from ongoing studies on the use of cognitive behavioural treatment (CBT) delivered via e‐mail to individuals with bulimic disorders. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa delivered via telemedicine
Authors: Mitchell James E. , Myers Tricia , Swan‐Kremeier Lorraine , Wonderlich Steve 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe authors are involved in an ongoing trial comparing the efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with bulimia nervosa delivered via telemedicine versus delivered via an on‐site therapist. The overall purpose of the study is to see if psychotherapy can be delivered effectively via telemedicine, and if such administration is acceptable to patients. This trial evolved out of growing concerns that manual‐based psychotherapies for various psychiatric conditions are not widely available, particularly to people in rural areas. Some of the practical aspects of delivering psychotherapy via telemedicine are discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
The use of palmtop computers in the treatment of bulimia nervosa
Authors: Norton Margo , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Myers Tricia , Mitchell James E. , Crosby Ross D. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractPalmtop computers may provide an innovative and effective extension of psychotherapeutic treatment for eating disorders. Palmtop applications have been used historically in studies utilizing ecological momentary assessment methodology, and in this capacity their portability and immediacy have been advantageous. In this paper, a new treatment for bulimia nervosa will be described which includes palmtop modules as therapy extension devices. The format of the therapy will be reviewed along with the specific content of the modules. Advantages of such microcomputer applications will be discussed, as well as methodological challenges. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Factors determining uptake of a CD‐ROM‐based CBT self‐help treatment for bulimia: patient characteristics and subjective appraisals of self‐help treatment
Authors: Murray Kathryn , Pombo‐Carril Maria Guadelupe , Bara‐Carril Nuria , Grover Miriam , Reid Yael , Langham Chris , Birchall Helen , Williams Chris , Treasure Janet , Schmidt Ulrike 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBackground:Cognitive‐behavioural self‐help treatments are widely advocated as the first step in the management of bulimia nervosa. Very little is known about the characteristics and attitudes of patients who are able to utilize self‐help treatments.Aims:The aim of this study was to identify whether there are any pre‐treatment differences in patient characteristics and patients' expectations about computerized self‐help between those who do or do not take up this type of treatment.Subjects and Methods:81 patients who were offered a CD‐ROM‐based self‐help treatment for bulimia nervosa completed baseline assessments including a questionnaire assessing their attitudes to and past experiences with self‐help, confidence in using a computer and knowledge about and ability to manage aspects of their eating disorder.Results:Patients who did not take up the CD‐ROM‐based treatment had a significantly lower expectation of the usefulness of self‐help for themselves but not for others. There were no baseline differences between groups in terms of mean BMI and symptom severity, in particular there were no differences in previous utilization of self‐help or attitudes to previous self‐help, or differences in confidence in using a computer. Qualitative comments of participants who failed to take up the package highlighted a diverse range of concerns and anxieties about computer treatment, some of which were based on misunderstandings about this treatment.Conclusions:These findings show that patients' views about self‐help need to be carefully explored and misconceptions corrected if self‐help treatment is to be considered by a subgroup of patients. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Use of text messaging in the aftercare of patients with bulimia nervosa
Authors: Bauer S. , Percevic R. , Okon E. , Meermann R. , Kordy H. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe development of a text messaging (SMS) based intervention for the aftercare treatment of bulimia nervosa is reported. The programme is offered to bulimic patients for 6 months following discharge from inpatient psychotherapy in a German hospital for psychosomatic medicine. The intervention consists of weekly messages from the patients on their bulimic symptomatology and a corresponding weekly feedback that is a mixture of pre‐programmed parts and individually tailored information. An ongoing pilot study is described, designed to investigate the acceptance, the practicability, and the effectiveness of the intervention. Preliminary results indicate that the programme is well‐accepted and gives support to bulimic patients after finishing inpatient treatment. Advantages and limitations of the use of the SMS intervention programme in the treatment of bulimia nervosa are discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.