bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Arab Countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alalawi Mai , Alsalloum Muath A. , Garwan Yusuf M. , Abuzeid Mya , Alalawi Hassan , Eljaaly Khalid , Thabit Abrar K. , Jose Jimmy 
Published: January 2024

Background
Vaccine hesitancy is a major obstacle to the large efforts made by governments and health organizations toward achieving successful COVID-19 vaccination programs. Healthcare worker’s (HCWs) acceptance or refusal of the vaccine is an influencing factor to the attitudes of their patients and general population. This study aimed to report the acceptance rates for COVID-19 vaccines among HCWs in Arab countries and identify key factors driving the attitudes of HCWs in the Arab world toward vaccines.

Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched using pre-specified keywords. All cross-sectional studies that assessed COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and/or acceptance among HCWs in Arab countries until July 2022, were included. The quality of the included studies and the risk of bias was assessed using the JBI critical appraisal tool. The pooled acceptance rate of the COVID-19 vaccine was assessed using a random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval.

Results
A total of 861 articles were identified, of which, 43 were included in the study. All the studies were cross-sectional and survey-based. The total sample size was 57,250 HCWs and the acceptance rate of the COVID-19 vaccine was 60.4% (95% CI, 53.8% to 66.6%; I2, 41.9%). In addition, the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate among males was 65.4% (95% CI, 55.9% to 73.9%; I2, 0%) while among females was 48.2% (95% CI, 37.8% to 58.6%; I2, 0%). The most frequently reported factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were being male, higher risk perception of contracting COVID-19, positive attitude toward the influenza vaccine, and higher educational level. Predictors of vaccine hesitancy most frequently included concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety, living in rural areas, low monthly income, and fewer years of practice experience.

Conclusion
A moderate acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccines was reported among HCWs in the Arab World. Considering potential future pandemics, regulatory bodies should raise awareness regarding vaccine safety and efficacy and tailor their efforts to target HCWs who would consequently influence the public with their attitude towards vaccines.
Prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among street adolescents in adama town, oromia regional state, Ethiopia, 2023: A cross sectional study
Authors: Tesfaye Tsinukal , Bayana Kebede Ebissa , Bagilkar Vinod , Meseret Fentahun 
Published: January 2024

Background
Undernutrition remains a serious public health problem in developing countries, including Ethiopia. In particular, street adolescents are more at risk for undernutrition because they are the most underprivileged population. However, there is a paucity of information about undernutrition among street adolescents in Ethiopia.

Objective
To assess the prevalence of undernutrition (stunting and thinness) and factors associated with undernutrition among street adolescents in Adama town, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia, 2023.

Method
A community-based cross sectional study was conducted among 358 street adolescents from January 15–30, 2023. A convenience sampling technique was used to select the required sample size. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from the respondents. The collected data were checked, coded, entered into Epidata 4.6 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Both Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the factors that are associated with thinness and stunting. P values below 0.05 at the 95% confidence interval were considered indicative of a statistically significant association. Finally, statements, graphs, tables and charts were used for result presentation.

Result
This study revealed that, the prevalence of undernutrition was 47.2%. Thinness and stunting accounted for 20.4% and 34.1% respectively and 7.3% both thinness and stuting. Age (adusted odd ratio = 1.41; 95% confidence interval: 1.17–1.71), skipped one or more meals per day ((adusted odd ratio = 3.50; 95% confidence interval: 1.23–9.94), drinking unprotected water source ((adusted odd ratio = 3.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.49–6.98) and use of mastish ((adusted odd ratio = 2.91; 95% confidence interval: 1.19–7.12) were factors statistically associated with thinness. Being skipped one or more meals per day ((adusted odd ratio = 4.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.87–9.14), washing hands before meals ((adusted odd ratio = 0.46; 95% confidence interval: 0.26–0.81) and moderate depression ((adusted odd ratio = 2.93; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–8.15) were factors significantly associated with stunting.

Conclusion and recommendation
In conculusion, the prevalence of undernutrition (thinness, stunting or both together) was high among street adolescents. To enhance street adolecents’ nutritional status, targeted nutritional treatments, providing health services and good hygiene and sanitatios practices are urgently needed.
Hyperoxia‐induced airflow restriction and Renin‐Angiotensin System expression in a bronchopulmonary dysplasia mouse model
Authors: Dowell Jasmine , Bice Zachary , Yan Ke , Konduri Girija G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMechanisms underlying hyperoxia‐induced airflow restriction in the pediatric lung disease Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are unclear. We hypothesized a role for Renin‐Angiotensin System (RAS) activity in BPD. RAS is comprised of a pro‐developmental pathway consisting of angiotensin converting enzyme‐2 (ACE2) and angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2), and a pro‐fibrotic pathway mediated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1). We investigated associations between neonatal hyperoxia, airflow restriction, and RAS activity in a BPD mouse model. C57 mouse pups were randomized to normoxic (FiO2 = 0.21) or hyperoxic (FiO2 = 0.75) conditions for 15 days (P1–P15). At P15, P20, and P30, we measured airflow restriction using plethysmography and ACE2, AT1, and AT2 mRNA and protein expression via polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot. Hyperoxia increased airflow restriction P15 and P20, decreased ACE2 and AT2 mRNA, decreased AT2 protein, and increased AT1 protein expression. ACE2 mRNA and protein remained suppressed at P20. By P30, airflow restriction and RAS expression did not differ between groups. Hyperoxia caused high airflow restriction, increased pulmonary expression of the pro‐fibrotic RAS pathway, and decreased expression of the pro‐developmental in our BPD mouse model. These associated findings may point to a causal role for RAS in hyperoxia‐induced airflow restriction.
Role of the Ste20‐like kinase SLK in podocyte adhesion
Authors: Cybulsky Andrey V. , Papillon Joan , Bryan Craig , Navarro‐Betancourt José R. , Sabourin Luc A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSLK controls the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and migration. Podocyte‐specific deletion of SLK in mice leads to podocyte injury as mice age and exacerbates injury in experimental focal segment glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; adriamycin nephrosis). We hypothesized that adhesion proteins may be substrates of SLK. In adriamycin nephrosis, podocyte ultrastructural injury was exaggerated by SLK deletion. Analysis of a protein kinase phosphorylation site dataset showed that podocyte adhesion proteins—paxillin, vinculin, and talin‐1 may be potential SLK substrates. In cultured podocytes, deletion of SLK increased adhesion to collagen. Analysis of paxillin, vinculin, and talin‐1 showed that SLK deletion reduced focal adhesion complexes (FACs) containing these proteins mainly in adriamycin‐induced injury; there was no change in FAC turnover (focal adhesion kinase Y397 phosphorylation). In podocytes, paxillin S250 showed basal phosphorylation that was slightly enhanced by SLK; however, SLK did not phosphorylate talin‐1. In adriamycin nephrosis, SLK deletion did not alter glomerular expression/localization of talin‐1 and vinculin, but increased focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation modestly. Therefore, SLK decreases podocyte adhesion, but FAC proteins in podocytes are not major substrates of SLK in health and disease.
Variation in leukocyte indices and immunoglobulin levels according to host density, sex, flea burden and tularemia prevalence in the common vole Microtus arvalis
Authors: Mougeot François , Morales Manuel B. , Pérez Álvarez María José , Muñoz López Miguel , Rodríguez-Pastor Ruth , Luque-Larena Juan José 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Rodent populations often undergo large, regular fluctuations. We studied immunological condition and physiological stress in the common vole and how it varied with environmental factors linked with population fluctuations, namely flea and Francisella tularensis (the bacterium causing tularemia) prevalence. We used two leukocyte indices, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N:L) and proportion of eosinophils, as physiological long-term stress indicators, and measured levels of immunoglobulins (Ig) as a generic index of immunological condition. Leukocyte indices showed a hump-shaped relationship with Ig levels, consistent with an interdependence between physiological stress and immunological condition. N:L was negatively associated with vole density only in males. Eosinophil proportion was explained by the interaction between flea burden and tularemia prevalence, with highest levels in flea-infested voles also infected with tularemia. Ig levels did not vary with sex or flea prevalence but increased in tularemia-infected voles. When Ig levels were included as covariates in our models, the associations between leukocyte indices and environmental factors remained significant. Results suggest sex-specific associations between physiological stress and population density, and an influence of tularemia infection depending on ectoparasite load. We recommend using immunological parameters complementarily to leukocyte indices when studying physiological stress and infection dynamics in wild populations.
Diagnosis sobre la especie del filósofo
Authors: Hernández Pineda Juan Carlos 
Published: January 2024

Este artículo esboza una suerte de impresión diagnóstica de la figura del filósofo. Aunque esta tarea pueda convocar a otras ramas del conocimiento humano, no constituye un estudio psicológico de personalidad ni mucho menos la propuesta para una nueva nosología. Si bien para el tema resulta inevitable señalar el conjunto cualitativo de rasgos, tendencias afectivas y disposiciones corporales usualmente asociados al filósofo, el desarrollo procura apegarse al terreno propiamente filosófico y, al principio, arrancarlo desde una perspectiva literaria. Si se habla de diagnosis, se hace en un sentido figurado más que clínico. Si se habla de especie, es desde la lógica aristotélica. Y para responder a la pregunta cómo es un filósofo, de entre todos sus exponentes, Nietzsche se erige como la principal guía, ya que fue él quien resumió con un adjetivo, de gran polivalencia metafórica, cómo es, cómo ha de ser, un filósofo: un intempestivo.
Studies on the effect and mechanism of CD147 on melanoma stem cells
Authors: Jiang Yuan , Liang Renyi , Li Liqun , Guan Jian 
Published: January 2024

Background: Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. Melanoma stem cells (MSCs) are one of the driving forces of melanoma invasion and metastasis. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the mechanisms that maintain the stemness of MSCs. In this study, CD147-positive (CD147+) MSCs derived from A375 cell line were characterized.
Methods: Side population (SP) and non-SP cells were sorted from A375 cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were conducted to determine the expression of CD147 in SP and non-SP cells. Subsequently, CD147+ and CD147-negative (CD147-) cells were isolated from SP cells. Stem cell characteristics and metastatic potential of CD147+/- antigen-presenting cells were identified by sphere-forming, wound-healing, and transwell assays. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the protein levels of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFβ1) and neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (Notch1) signaling pathway. Xenograft tumor experiments were conducted to investigate the tumorigenic capacity of CD147+ cells in vivo.
Results: CD147 was highly expressed in SP cells of A375 cell line. CD147+ cells have stronger abilities for sphere forming, migration, and invasion in vitro. The protein levels of TGFβ1, notch1, jagged1, and Hes1 were higher in CD147+ cells than in CD147- cells. Moreover, the CD147+ cells showed stronger tumorigenic and metastatic potential in vivo.
Conclusion: SP cells of A375 cell line expressed high levels of CD147, and CD147+ SP cells possessed much stronger stem-like characteristics and motility, which is linked to the activation of TGFβ and notch pathways.
Toll-like receptors and Streptococcus mutans: An updated review article
Authors: Muhammad Al-Alawi Fatima Zuhair , Kariminik Ashraf , Tajbakhsh Elaheh 
Published: January 2024

It has been reported that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the main innate immune receptors that recognize gram-positive pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The molecules can induce expression of the innate immune-related molecules that are essential against the bacteria. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a potential caries-associated pathogen, and innate immunity plays a key role in inhibiting its development and the progression of inflammatory responses. Recently, the roles played by TLRs against S. mutans and the induction of inflammatory responses were evaluated by several investigations. This review article discusses updated information regarding the roles played by TLRs and their potential therapeutic effects against S. mutans.
Telling Other Stories: Dominican Black Cosmopolitanism in Aída Cartagena Portalatín's Tablero
Authors: Russ Elizabeth 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this article, I examine divergent ideological impulses at play in the oeuvre of Aída Cartagena Portalatín (Dominican Republic, 1918–94), including Eurocentric cosmopolitanism, nationalism (of a leftist variety), and pan-Africanism. By exploring key moments in Cartagena's intellectual development and analyzing her 1978 short story collection Tablero (Blackboard), I argue that such apparent incongruities should be understood through the lens of what I call Dominican black cosmopolitanism, a writerly performance of intersectionality that strategically employs contradictory notions of culture and citizenship to illuminate the complex history of the Dominican Republic and propose a new model of national identity. Drawing on Ifeoma Kiddoe Nwankwo's conceptualization of black cosmopolitanism and an innovative body of scholarship on Dominican history and identity, I show how Cartagena deploys opposing discourses within a single text to reimagine Dominican identity in a global context, elucidate the Afro-Dominican experience, and plumb the liberating possibilities of pan-African alliances.
“Worlds Together Shined”: Bīdil, Traherne, and Collaborative Comparison
Authors: Harrison Timothy M. , Mikkelson Jane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAt the same moment in the seventeenth century in two distant parts of the globe, two poets who did not know of each other's existence both confronted an ancient philosophical question—How does human knowledge begin?—by imaginatively reconstructing their own originary experiences. In poetry and autobiographical prose, Thomas Traherne (in England) and Mīrzā ʿAbd al-Qādir Bīdil Dihlavī (in India) describe being in the womb, birth, nursing, first thoughts. Deeply original with respect to their own contexts yet strikingly similar to each other, these accounts demand comparison. In this essay, we draw on Carlo Ginzburg's concept of “conjunctive anomalies,” Bruce Lincoln's “weak” comparison, and Roland Greene's “obversive poetics,” among other frameworks, to reveal the overlooked early modern world of Avicennan thought. By collaboratively comparing traditions that do not fully belong to either of us, we attempt to dislodge the siloed ways of thinking that have come to structure the study of early modern literatures.
Mobilidades comunicativas, virtuais e imaginativas: uma nova forma de experienciar a atividade turística?
Authors: Da Silva Danielli Nogueira Alves , Souza Ivanise Borges , Cesário Marilia Ferreira Paes , Perinotto André Riani Costa 
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo possui como objetivo analisar imagens da rede social Instagram compartilhadas entre dezembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022 e que incluem o uso da hashtag #descubra associada aos estados brasileiros do Espírito Santo (Sudeste), Pernambuco e Piauí (Nordeste), buscando identificar mudanças na maneira de experienciar as viagens. O período em questão, além de marcado pelo verão e pelas férias escolares, foi a primeira alta temporada após o início da vacinação contra a COVID-19 e relaxamento das medidas de isolamento/afastamento social. Para realização do estudo foi utilizado o método da netnografia e foram definidas três hashtags compartilhadas pelos estados mencionados. O arcabouço teórico se fundamenta no paradigma das mobilidades de John Urry (1946–2016) e na economia da experiência de Pine e Gilmore (1998). Os conceitos de mobilidades comunicativas, virtuais e imaginativas são utilizados para a leitura dos símbolos e performances de corpos, objetos, imagens e ideias representadas nas imagens turísticas e na própria ação de compartilhamento de imagens indexadas, fazendo uma leitura do momento e de como a experiência turística transformou-se. Foi percebido que as imagens turísticas expressam mais sobre o comportamento dos indivíduos e suas performances do que sobre a própria paisagem do primeiro plano. Elas comunicam para além de seu enquadramento, sobre os corpos e lugares que são focalizados e os que estão fora do foco, ou desfocados. As redes sociais e seu imperativo sobre o comportamento das pessoas desvelam também sobre a mobilidade e/ou imobilidade dos lugares e todos os outros elementos que o compõem.
Turismo gastronômico sem uma culinária nacional: O caso dos Emirados Árabes Unidos
Authors: Martín Eloísa 
Published: January 2024

Os Emirados Árabes Unidos têm investido fortemente em turismo, o que inclui o turismo gastronômico, como estratégia de diversificar sua economia. No entanto, não se evidencia um esforço semelhante para constituir uma culinária nacional, que poderia agregar a dimensão do patrimônio ao turismo gastronômico. Nesse artigo vou analisar os desafios na invenção de uma culinária nacional emirati discutindo três teorias, levantadas por chefs profissionais da área. As teorias apontam ora para a falta de variedade e ou quantidade de ingredientes vernáculos; ora para a ausência de chefs emiratis, que limitaria a “verdadeira” comida emirati ao espaço doméstico; ou, ainda, para as “caraterísticas culturais” da comida emirati que impediriam adaptá-la aos padrões da gastronomia internacional. Para os chefs, no momento, a única saída para que comida emirati seja apreciada pelos turistas seria transformá-la através da fusão.
Experiencias en lactancia materna, vivencia desde la mujer que amamanta: estudio cualitativo
Authors: Acevedo-Bedoya Sindy Yurany , Londoño-Sierra Diana C. , Sterling-Villada Maria de los Angeles , Osorio-Posada Angelica , Garnica-Cardona Camila , Restrepo-Mesa Sandra L. 
Published: January 2024

Objetivos: comprender las experiencias sobre la lactancia materna desde la perspectiva de las mujeres, en un grupo de madres lactantes primerizas.
Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo, bajo la perspectiva de etnografía, enfocado en un grupo de mujeres de la región oriente del departamento de Antioquia (Colombia). Por muestreo intencional y hasta la saturación de los datos se seleccionaron 16 mujeres lactantes primerizas, de 18 años o más, con hijos menores de 24 meses y que se encontraran amantando o hubiesen amantado de forma exclusiva al menos durante tres meses. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante; el análisis de los datos se desarrolló por triangulación y codificación abierta y axial. Los resultados se presentan a través de la descripción de categorías.
Resultados: se identificaron cuatro categorías frente a la experiencia del amamantamiento: el agotamiento y el dolor que se disipan con amor, la lactancia y el nuevo orden de las cosas, las emociones de una mujer en el cuerpo de una madre y la lactancia: un acto social.
Conclusiones: proteger la lactancia materna requiere poner especial cuidado a la mujer como sujeto, más allá del amamantamiento, dando prioridad a su salud física y emocional como elementos esenciales que deben ser considerados por los profesionales en salud. Se requieren estudios que evalúen los efectos de la creación de grupos de apoyo que propicien el intercambio de saberes para acompañar a la mujer lactante.
An Efficient Hairy Root Transformation Method for Common Bean based on Petiole Explants
Authors: Liu Y.H. , Cai X.Q. , Ning K. , Xu P. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a major food legume with high nutritional value and economic importance globally. A remarkable attribute of this plant is its propensity to generate adventitious roots from petioles of detached leaves when moisture is appropriate. This distinctive feature presents promising prospects for harnessing petioles in the facilitation of transgenic hairy root production. Methods: We achieved the successful induction of transgenic hairy roots from common bean petioles through the utilization of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain K599. Our experimentation encompassed a diverse array of common bean varieties and leaves of varying ages. Subsequently, we refined and optimized the procedure for hairy root induction. Result: Our investigations have revealed that the most conducive conditions for hairy root transformation with K599 are attained using 5-day-old leaves from the cultivar ‘Honghuaqingjia’, exhibiting a remarkable induction efficiency of 59%. The usefulness of this system was demonstrated through a subcellular localization analysis of the transcription factor PvTCP2 protein in combination with GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein).