bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene addition for beta thalassemia
Authors: Kwiatkowski Janet L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIndividuals with transfusion‐dependent beta thalassemia require a high burden of care and experience significant morbidity from the underlying disease and its treatment, which negatively impact the quality of life. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation offers the chance for a cure, but donor availability and transplant‐related risks, especially in older patients, limit its use. Gene addition utilizing autologous CD34+ cells is an alternative, potentially curative, treatment option. Several clinical trials have investigated the use of lentiviral vectors containing a functional beta globin gene, including Lentiglobin BB305, GLOBE, and TNS9.3.55. The efficacy and safety data from these ongoing trials are discussed in this review.
Cement‐Augmented Screw Fixation with PHILOS Plating for Osteoporotic Proximal Humeral Fractures: An Observation of Mid‐ and Long‐Term Curative Efficacy
Authors: She Rongfeng , Zhang Bin , Jiang Kundou , Yang Shuaiqi , Zhang Yi 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesThe mid‐ and long‐term clinical outcomes of cement‐augmented screws in the treatment of osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures have rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to observe the mid‐ and long‐term efficacy of combined cement‐augmented screw fixation and PHILOS plating in the treatment of osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed data from 19 patients with osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus who had undergone internal fixation at the Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from February 2017 to May 2021. The cohort was comprised of six males and 13 females, aged 75–87 (mean age: 82.52 ± 1.24) years. According to the Neer classification, three, 12, and four patients had two‐part, three‐part, and four‐part fractures, respectively. All patients were treated with open reduction internal fixation with cement‐augmented screws and PHILOS plating. Time until fracture healing was recorded postoperatively. Patients were observed for postoperative complications, including humeral head necrosis, loosening or breaking of the augmented screws, screw perforation of the humeral head, and varus fracture displacement. Visual analog scale and Constant scores of the shoulder joint were compared 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Scores at the most recent follow‐up were used to evaluate shoulder joint function. Measured data conforming to a normal distribution were expressed as mean ± SD. Analysis of variance or rank sum tests were used for intergroup comparisons. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsAll 19 patients followed up for 1–4 (average: 2.13 ± 0.61) years. Fractures united in all cases, with a healing time of 8–14 (average: 10.25 ± 1.72) weeks. There were no cases of humeral head necrosis, screw loosening, fractures, or perforation of the humeral head. One patient had mild varus fracture displacement with a reduced neck‐shaft angle. There were significant differences in visual analog scale and Constant scores 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery (p < 0.05). The visual analog scale score was 0 at final follow‐up in all cases. The Constant score of the shoulder joint was excellent, good, fair, and poor in two, 12, four, and one case, respectively, yielding an excellent and good rate of 73.68%.ConclusionsCement‐augmented screw fixation combined with PHILOS plating of osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures had good mid‐ and long‐term clinical efficacy. It should be considered a new option for fracture treatment in such patients.
Genome editing in rice using CRISPR/Cas12i3
Authors: Lv Ping , Su Fei , Chen Fangyuan , Yan Chunxue , Xia Dandan , Sun Hui , Li Shanshan , Duan Zhiqiang , Ma Changle , Zhang Hui , Wang Mugui , Niu Xiaomu , Zhu Jian‐Kang , Zhang Jinshan 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe CRISPR/Cas type V‐I is a family of programmable nuclease systems that prefers a T‐rich protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) and is guided by a short crRNA. In this study, the genome‐editing application of Cas12i3, a type V‐I family endonuclease, was characterized in rice. We developed a CRIPSR/Cas12i3‐based Multiplex direct repeats (DR)‐spacer Array Genome Editing (iMAGE) system that was efficient in editing various genes in rice. Interestingly, iMAGE produced chromosomal structural variations with a higher frequency than CRISPR/Cas9. In addition, we developed base editors using deactivated Cas12i3 and generated herbicide‐resistant rice plants using the base editors. These CRIPSR/Cas12i3‐based genome editing systems will facilitate precision molecular breeding in plants.
When old and new selves collide: Identity conflict and entrepreneurial nostalgia among ex‐entrepreneurs
Authors: Nielsen Jordan D. , Gish J. Jeffrey 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPeople undergoing career transitions often bring aspects of old roles into their new work contexts, and this interface can create conflict between lingering aspects of one's work self and the newer aspects of one's work self. Yet, we know little about how this conflict between old and new selves shapes employee outcomes. We examine this issue among ex‐entrepreneurs—individuals who have transitioned from a business owner to a wage employee. Drawing from role identity theory, we develop a model of the consequences of conflict between a lingering entrepreneur identity and a current work role identity. We propose that ex‐entrepreneurs who experience higher levels of identity conflict will be more likely to experience burnout and less likely to engage in boosterism of their employer, and that these relationships are explained by lower levels of perceived professional identity growth (i.e., progressive identity). We further suggest that the negative effect of conflict on progressive identity is exacerbated by nostalgia for one's entrepreneurial past. In a three‐stage field survey of ex‐entrepreneurs and their romantic partners, we found support for these hypotheses using both partner‐rated outcomes and self‐rated outcomes. We discuss implications for the literature on entrepreneurship careers and work identity in organizations.
Desperate or desirable? Perceptions of individuals seeking dates online and offline
Authors: Johanis Trenton C. , Midgley Claire E. , Lockwood Penelope 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPast research suggests that people who use the Internet to pursue romantic relationships have been stereotyped negatively—as unattractive, desperate, or creepy. It is possible, however, that as finding dates online has grown in popularity, individuals who have themselves used online methods to meet a partner are less likely to apply these negative stereotypes than non‐users. In addition, as options for dating online have proliferated, it is not clear that users of all online formats are viewed negatively, or how perceptions of users of online methods might differ from perceptions of daters using various offline methods. This study examined perceptions of those who use various online (algorithm‐based, profile‐browsing, or social media) and offline (meeting through family/friends, luck, groups, work, or going out) methods to meet a partner. Participants (N = 214), who were themselves users or non‐users of online methods of meeting partners, were recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk system to complete online questionnaires. Results indicated that participants viewed individuals who used online methods more negatively than those using offline methods; however, individuals who had themselves used online methods viewed other online users more positively than did non‐users.
Current management of symptomatic vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric kidney transplantation—A European survey among surgical transplant professionals
Authors: Zirngibl Matthias , Weitz Marcus , Luithle Tobias , Tönshoff Burkhard , Nadalin Silvio , Buder Kathrin ,   Collaborators
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundVesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is common in children and adolescents undergoing kidney transplantation (KTx) and may adversely affect allograft kidney function.MethodsTo explore the current management of symptomatic native and allograft VUR in pediatric KTx recipients, an online survey was distributed to European surgical transplant professionals.ResultsSurgeons from 40 pediatric KTx centers in 18 countries participated in this survey. Symptomatic native kidney VUR was treated before or during KTx by 68% of the centers (all/selected patients: 33%/67%; before/during KTx: 89%/11%), with a preference for endoscopic treatment (59%). At KTx, 90% favored an anti‐reflux ureteral reimplantation procedure (extravesical/transvesical approach: 92%/8%; preferred extravesical technique: Lich‐Gregoir [85%]). Management strategies for symptomatic allograft VUR included surgical repair (90%), continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (51%), bladder training (49%), or noninterventional surveillance (21%). Redo ureteral implantation and endoscopic intervention for allograft VUR were equally reported (51%/49%).ConclusionsThis survey shows uniformity in some surgical aspects of the pediatric KTx procedure. However, with regard to VUR, there is a significant variation in practice patterns that need to be addressed by future well‐designed and prospective studies. In this way, more robust data could be translated into consensus guidelines for a more standardized and evidence‐based management of this common condition in pediatric KTx.
Embracing self‐defeat in normative theory
Authors: Fullhart Samuel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSome normative theories are self‐defeating. They tell us to respond to our situations in ways that bring about outcomes that are bad, given the aims of the theories, and which could have been avoided. Across a wide range of debates in ethics, decision theory, political philosophy, and formal epistemology, many philosophers treat the fact that a normative theory is self‐defeating as sufficient grounds for rejecting it. I argue that this widespread and consequential assumption is false. In particular, I argue that a theory can be self‐defeating and still internally consistent, action‐guiding, and suitable as a standard for criticism.
Beyond lawfare: An analysis of law's temporality through Russian‐doll urbanization from Turkey
Authors: Civelek Cansu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article opens a discussion about how temporalities in spatial and legal spheres are interlinked and shape both policymaking and governance mechanisms and resistance practices. Taking a case study from Eskişehir, Turkey, the research examines several urban renewal attempts of a municipality on the same urban lands over two decades that used different laws and policy tools in each case while all of which were annulled by court suits. From a perspective of legal anthropology, the analysis shows the limits of lawfare discussions that remain incapable of explaining cases that cannot be categorized with domination and resistance. Instead of focusing on detecting who wins or loses, the article claims that such complex cases could be understood better by scrutinizing temporal dynamics: how do legal, spatial, and social temporalities intertwine and impact policymaking? More specifically, how does the law's temporality (re)shape urbanization? Even further, what political work do temporalities generate? The article offers Russian‐doll urbanization as an analogy and ethnographic metaphor to examine several layers and endlessness of renewal initiatives within the broader process of urbanization. Studying the revelation of each layer unravels entangled temporalities of law and socio‐spatial dynamics and their consequences in policymaking and resistance.
p‐aminobenzoic acid and vitamin B9 enhance rice defence against sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Yang Fang , Xu Xing , Xie Jialian , Yu Wenjuan , Zhang Shu , Wu Hanlin , Peng Yunliang , Ji Hongli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSheath blight is one of the most important rice diseases and its control is generally achieved by the use of fungicides, but the economic and environmental costs involved have led to a search for alternative management approaches. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of eight defence inducers against the rice sheath blight pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani AG1‐IA. The results showed that 10 mM p‐aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and 3 mM vitamin B9 (VB9)‐treated plants had significantly lower disease indices, at 2.56 and 3.49, respectively, compared to the control at 5.36 in growth room conditions. The direct effect studies showed that PABA significantly suppressed fungal mycelial growth, sclerotial formation and hyphal regeneration ability. However, VB9 showed no effect on mycelial growth but promoted sclerotial formation and hyphal regeneration. Histological observation showed a decreased lesion size and lower amount of hyphal DNA in inducer‐treated leaves. Reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR revealed that OsPR1b was significantly induced by VB9 and the expression of OsPR5 was potentiated by PABA, which indicates that the salicylic acid pathway is possibly involved in VB9‐induced resistance, and the antifungal protein OsPR5 probably contributes partially to PABA protection against R. solani. Immediate control effects of PABA and VB9 were also found after disease establishment. Under greenhouse conditions, the control effects of PABA and VB9 were 29.8% and 40.5%, respectively. These findings reveal that the application of PABA and VB9 to complement plant resistance to sheath blight appears to be an effective strategy.
Improvement of diluted semen from Muscovy (Cairina moschata) drakes by the addition of water‐soluble antioxidants
Authors: Gerzilov Vasko , Andreeva Madlena , Tsvetanova Elina , Georgieva Almira , Alexandrova Albena 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antioxidant supplementation in diluted semen from Muscovy drakes after the induction of oxidative stress (OS) on the sperm motility, kinematic parameters and biochemical markers – lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and total glutathione (tGSH) concentration. The pooled semen was distributed equally into three parts, diluted (1:3 v/v) with IMV Canadyl, HIA‐1 or AU, and stored at 4°C for 6 h. Later, the semen was equilibrated at 20–25°C for 15 min, and divided in Eppendorf tubes. The sperm samples (final concentration of 50 × 106 sperm cells/mL per sample) were incubated at 37°C for 30 min in the absence (−) or presence (+) of 0.1 mM FeSO4 + 0.5 mM H2O2 (Fenton system) and the following combinations of antioxidants: ascorbic acid + Trolox (A + T); ascorbic acid + Desferal (A + D); Trolox + Desferal (T + D) and ascorbic acid + Trolox + Desferal (A + T + D), all of them in a final concentration of 0.1 mM. Thus, the total number of samples was 30 and in each one, the sperm motility, velocity parameters, LPO and tGSH were determined. The motility and kinematic parameters of the diluted semen with added antioxidants were restored by up to 20% after inducing OS via the Fenton reaction. Dual combinations of antioxidants (A + T, A + D, and T + D) lowered LPO levels, but not equally across different extenders. After the induction of OS, the tGSH levels in diluted semen with IMV–Canadyl were not affected by the added antioxidants. Whereas antioxidant combinations in diluted semen with HIA‐1 or AU had a beneficial effect and partially restored tGSH levels. In conclusion, the results showed that the extender IMV–Canadyl is well balanced and protected the Muscovy semen under OS conditions, while the other two extenders HIA‐1 and AU can be improved by adding antioxidants.
Haunting details: A mixed‐methods study on predictors of details recalled from a victim narrative
Authors: Groggel Anne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNarratives are used to make sense of traumatic experiences. However, little attention has been paid to the way one processes another's traumatic personal narrative that is often disorganized and contains emotional language. I examine the orientations a sample of 734 participants took when encountering a protection order court narrative. Participants who took a substantive orientation approached the narrative through the lens of human experience and recalled physical violence, threats, injuries, and emotions experienced by the victim. However, some participants had an analytic orientation, focusing on the clarity of the narrative or the victim's marital status. The extent to which participants cognitively took the victim's perspective shaped whether they adopted a substantive or analytic orientation. Those who cognitively placed themselves in the perspective of the victim were more likely to recall the violence the victim faced and were more likely to find the scenario concerning.
Redundant function of the Arabidopsis phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate 5‐kinase genes PIP5K4–6 is essential for pollen germination
Authors: Kato Mariko , Watari Machiko , Tsuge Tomohiko , Zhong Sheng , Gu Hongya , Qu Li‐Jia , Fujiwara Takashi , Aoyama Takashi 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYPhosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate 5‐kinase (PIP5K) is a key enzyme producing the signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2] in eukaryotes. Although PIP5K genes are reported to be involved in pollen tube germination and growth, the essential roles of PIP5K in these processes remain unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive genetic analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana PIP5K4, PIP5K5, and PIP5K6 genes and revealed that their redundant function is essential for pollen germination. Pollen with the pip5k4pip5k5pip5k6 triple mutation was sterile, while pollen germination efficiency and pollen tube growth were reduced in the pip5k6 single mutant and further reduced in the pip5k4pip5k6 and pip5k5pip5k6 double mutants. YFP‐fusion proteins, PIP5K4‐YFP, PIP5K5‐YFP, and PIP5K6‐YFP, which could rescue the sterility of the triple mutant pollen, preferentially localized to the tricolpate aperture area and the future germination site on the plasma membrane prior to germination. Triple mutant pollen grains under the germination condition, in which spatiotemporal localization of the PtdIns(4,5)P2 fluorescent marker protein 2xmCHERRY‐2xPHPLC as seen in the wild type was abolished, exhibited swelling and rupture of the pollen wall, but neither the conspicuous protruding site nor site‐specific deposition of cell wall materials for germination. These data indicate that PIP5K4–6 and their product PtdIns(4,5)P2 are essential for pollen germination, possibly through the establishment of the germination polarity in a pollen grain.
Ex vivo comparison of pin placement with patient‐specific drill guides or freehand technique in canine cadaveric spines
Authors: Guevara Francisco , Foss Kari D. , Harper Tisha A. M. , Moran Clara A. , Hague Devon W. , Hamel Philip E. S. , Schaeffer David J. , McCoy Annette M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare vertebral implant placement in the canine thoracolumbar spine between 3D‐printed patient‐specific drill guides (3DPG) and the conventional freehand technique (FH).Study designEx vivo study.AnimalsCadaveric canine spines (n = 24).MethodsImplant trajectories were established for the left and right sides of the T10 through L6 vertebrae based on computed tomography (CT) imaging. Customized drill guides were created for each vertebra of interest. Each cadaver was randomly assigned to one of six veterinarians with varying levels of experience placing vertebral implants. Vertebrae were randomly assigned a surgical order and technique (3DPG or FH) for both sides. Postoperative CT images were acquired. A single, blinded observer assessed pin placement using a modified Zdichavsky classification.ResultsA total of 480 implants were placed in 240 vertebrae. Three sites were excluded from the analysis; therefore, a total of 238 implants were evaluated using the FH technique and 239 implants using 3DPG. When evaluating implant placement, 152/239 (63.6%) of 3DPG implants were considered to have an acceptable placement in comparison with 115/248 (48.32%) with FH. Overall, pin placement using 3DPG was more likely to provide acceptable pin placement (p < .001) in comparison with the FH technique for surgeons at all levels of experience.ConclusionThe use of 3DPG was shown to be better than the conventional freehand technique regarding acceptable placement of implants in the thoracolumbar spine of canine cadavers.Clinical significanceUtilizing 3DPG can be considered better than the traditional FH technique when placing implants in the canine thoracolumbar spine.
Tapered Origami Tubes With Non-Planar Cross Sections
Authors: Lv Weilin , Nie Wansui , Zhang Jianjun , Wang Yutong , Guo Shijie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Rigidly foldable origami tubes are widely used in origami-inspired engineering designs. Here, using a mechanism construction process, we show that these tubes can be combined with tapered adding parts to form new tubes with different-sized cross sections that are rigidly foldable. A tapered tube is proposed, whose geometries are provided based on the kinematics of spherical 4R linkages. Several variations of the tapered tubes are presented, and the flat-foldability of these tubes is studied, leading to the right-angled and non-right-angled tubes which can be folded along their radial direction. The approach can be applied to both single and multilayered tubes. Moreover, the thick-panel form of the right-angled tubes is developed. Our work provides designers great flexibility in the design of tubular structures that require large shape changes. The results can be readily utilized to build new structures for engineering applications ranging from deployable structures, meta-materials to origami robots.
Numerical Analysis of the Thermal–Hydraulic Performance of Supercritical Liquefied Natural Gas in Airfoil Fin PCHEs
Authors: Meng Xiangfeng , Yuan Qiuyang , Li Yaning , Lin Xiaochen , Liu Na 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As a novel, compact, and efficient plate-fin heat exchanger, the Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE) is a prospective candidate for liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporization at low-temperature and high pressure. Generally, the airfoil fin PCHE has better thermal–hydraulic performance than the zigzag channel PCHE. In this study, the thermal–hydraulic performance of supercritical LNG in PCHEs with different airfoil fin types and arrangements is investigated by numerical simulations. First, the effects of six different airfoil fin types, NACA0010, NACA0020, NACA0025, NACA0030, NACA 0040, and NACA 0050, on the thermal–hydraulic performances were studied. The results show that NACA0025 has the best comprehensive heat transfer performance. Then, the effects of the airfoil fin arrangement's staggered, vertical, and horizontal pitch on thermal–hydraulic performance were investigated. The results show that the optimal values of the dimensionless number for staggered and vertical arrangements are 1 and 4, respectively. The comprehensive performance does not change much when the dimensionless horizontal pitch number exceeds 3.0. Finally, the thermal–hydraulic performance of uniformly distributed, three front sparse and rear dense, and three front-dense and rear-sparse distributed airfoil fins was investigated. The results show that the front-dense and rear-sparse airfoil fins enhance and the front-sparse and rear-dense airfoil fins reduce the comprehensive performance compared to the uniform arrangement. The results show that a denser arrangement of airfoil fins near the quasi-critical point can improve the comprehensive performance while keeping the number of airfoil fins constant.