bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutual support groups in rheumatic diseases: Effects and participants' perceptions
Authors: Savelkoul Manon , de Witte Luc P. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate in a randomized controlled trial the effects of mutual support groups in rheumatic diseases on social network size, social skills, loneliness, daily functioning, and life satisfaction as well as to identify patients' perceptions of the support group.MethodsParticipants were 112 patients with chronic rheumatic disorders affecting the joints. Data were collected with self‐report questionnaires and group interviews.ResultsEffects have been found on social skills only. More specifically, mutual support groups at postintervention decreased distress in expressing negative feelings toward other people. This effect did not persist at the 6‐month followup evaluation, but at that time an increase in frequency in making one's wishes known to others was found. In patients who attended at least 5 of all 10 sessions, an increase in expressing positive feelings toward others was found at followup. Mutual support groups were evaluated positively.ConclusionMutual support groups are recommended for patients experiencing difficulties in social interactions.
Positron emission tomography in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and healthy controls
Authors: Yunus Muhammad B. , Young Carter S. , Saeed S. Atezaz , Mountz James M. , Aldag Jean C. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractObjectiveAbnormal brain findings have previously been described in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) by single‐photon–emission computed tomography. Our goal was to investigate change in regional cerebral glucose metabolism in people with FMS by positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG).MethodsTwelve patients with FMS and no comorbid psychiatric diagnosis and 7 healthy pain‐free controls were studied with FDG‐PET in a blinded manner. Those with a psychiatric diagnosis were excluded. Brain scans were obtained using a PET scanner. Semiquantitative analysis of regional 18F‐FDG uptake was performed in both cortical and subcortical brain structures.ResultsIn the resting state, there were no significant differences in 18F‐FDG uptake between patients and controls for all brain structures measured.ConclusionFDG‐PET scan findings in FMS were not significantly different from healthy controls. Normal results in our study may be explained by discordance between regional cerebral blood flow and regional cerebral glucose metabolism.
Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups. XIX. Natural history of the accrual of the American College of Rheumatology criteria prior to the occurrence of criteria diagnosis
Authors: Alarcón Graciela S. , Mcgwin Gerald , Roseman Jeffrey M. , Uribe América , Fessler Barri J. , Bastian Holly M. , Friedman Alan W. , Baethge Bruce , Vilá Luis M. , Reveille John D. ,   Lumina Study Group
Published: August 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo determine how the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) accrue in a multiethnic cohort of SLE patients.MethodsSLE patients enrolled in a longitudinal study of outcome were analyzed (LUMINA; Lupus in Minorities: Nature versus nurture) for the manner in which ACR criteria manifestations occurred prior to the accrual of 4 of them. Time at which a criterion was said to be present was determined by review of all previously available medical records and interview. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were examined for the association with time to accrual of 4 ACR criteria; results were reported as hazard ratios.ResultsThere were 103 Texas Hispanic (of Mexican or Central America ancestry) patients, 55 Puerto Rico Hispanics, 176 African Americans, and 137 Caucasians. The mean ± SD and median (range) time to accrual of 4 ACR criteria were 29.4 ± 52.0 months and 9.1 (0–328.7) months; time was shortest for the Texas Hispanics (18.4 ± 42.8 and 5.0 [0–248] months) and longest for the Caucasians (39.9 ± 59.3 months and 17.7 [0–324.6] months). Arthritis was the most frequent first criterion (34.5%); it was followed by photosensitivity (18.8%). When 2 criteria occurred from the outset, the most frequent combination was arthritis and antinuclear antibody positivity followed by malar rash and photosensitivity. A Cox‐regression multivariable model identified Hispanic ethnicity (from Texas) and HLA–DRB1*0301 as predictors of short time to criteria accrual, whereas older age and married/living together were associated with long time to criteria accrual.ConclusionSignificant variability in the evolution of ACR criteria manifestations does occur. Texas Hispanics are more likely to have a rapid evolution of criteria manifestations, but several years may elapse before ACR criteria are accrued.
Die verbundlose interne Längsvorspannung
Authors: Fritsche Thomas , Hennecke Markus , Pfisterer Hans , Willberg Uwe 
Published: August 2004

AbstractIm Zuge der Erweiterung des Autobahnrings BAB A99 München‐West wurden von der Bayerischen Straßenbauverwaltung zwei Pilotprojekte zur verbundlosen internen Längsvorspannung im Brückenbau initiiert. Das Pilotprojekt Streiflacher Weg (BW 92/1) baut auf den Erfahrungen aus einem Schwesterbauwerk in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft auf. Über die konzeptionellen Ansätze und die konstruktive Umsetzung wird nachfolgend berichtet.
Vorgespannte Bodenplatten – ein brachliegendes Potential
Authors: Friedrich Thomas 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBodenplatten stellen eine attraktive Gründungsmöglichkeit dar: Sie übernehmen nicht nur die Tragfunktion, sondern bilden auch, einen dichten und durchgehenden Abschluß der Gebäudekonstruktion, gegenüber dem Baugrund. Allerdings sind Bodenplatten hoch beanspruchte Bauteile, die entsprechend der Einwirkung hohe Biege‐ und Schubwiderstände erfordern. Eine entsprechende Konstruktionstärke mit hohen Bewehrungsgraden für Biegung und insbesondere für den Schub sind die Folge. Diesen hohen Beanspruchungen läßt sich jedoch sehr wirkungsvoll, mit einer Vorspannbewehrung entgegenwirken. Im Gegensatz zur schlaffen Bewehrung ist die Vorspannung ein aktives Bewehrungselement. Der aktive Anteil der Vorspannbewehrung erzeugt Umlenkkräfte, mit denen die einzelnen Einwirkungen direkt aufgenommen und gleichmäßig über die Platte verteilt werden. Diese Direktabtragung reduziert folglich die Beanspruchungen und führt demzufolge zu schlankeren Konstruktionen mit geringeren Bewehrungsgraden. Die durch die Vorspannung erzeugte Druckspannung über den Plattenquerschnitt veringert die Rißbildung und erhöht die Dichtigkeit.
Bayesian Modeling of Joint Regressions for the Mean and Covariance Matrix
Authors: Cepeda Edilberto C. , Gamerman Dani 
Published: August 2004

AbstractAn important problem in agronomy is the study of longitudinal data on the growth curve of the weight of cattle through time, possibly taking into account the effect of other explanatory variables such as treatments and time. In this paper, a Bayesian approach for analysing longitudinal data is proposed. It takes into account regression structures on the mean and the variance‐covariance matrix of normal observations. The approach is based on the modeling strategy suggested by Pourahmadi (1999,Biometrika86, 667–690). After revising this methodology, we present the Bayesian approach used to fit the models, based on a generalization of the Metropolis‐Hastings algorithm of Cepeda and Gamerman (2000,Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics,14, 207–221). The approach is used to the study of growth and development of a group of deaf children. The paper is concluded with a few proposed extensions. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Five Confidence Intervals of the Closed Population Size in the Capture‐recapture Problem under Inverse Sampling with Replacement
Authors: Lui Kung‐Jong 
Published: August 2004

AbstractIn the capture‐recapture problem for two independent samples, the traditional estimator, calculated as the product of the two sample sizes divided by the number of sampled subjects appearing commonly in both samples, is well known to be a biased estimator of the population size and have no finite variance under direct or binomial sampling. To alleviate these theoretical limitations, the inverse sampling, in which we continue sampling subjects in the second sample until we obtain a desired number of marked subjects who appeared in the first sample, has been proposed elsewhere. In this paper, we consider five interval estimators of the population size, including the most commonly‐used interval estimator using Wald's statistic, the interval estimator using the logarithmic transformation, the interval estimator derived from a quadratic equation developed here, the interval estimator using the χ2‐approximation, and the interval estimator based on the exact negative binomial distribution. To evaluate and compare the finite sample performance of these estimators, we employ Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the coverage probability and the standardized average length of the resulting confidence intervals in a variety of situations. To study the location of these interval estimators, we calculate the non‐coverage probability in the two tails of the confidence intervals. Finally, we briefly discuss the optimal sample size determination for a given precision to minimize the expected total cost. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Parametric and Nonparametric Analyses of Repeated Ordinal Categorical Data
Authors: Singer Julio M. , Poleto Frederico Z. , Rosa Patrícia 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe compare two models for the analysis of repeated ordinal categorical data: the classical parametric model for means of scores assigned to the categories of the response variable and a nonparametric model based on relative effects derived from the marginal distribution functions of the response. An example in the field of Dentistry is used to illustrate and to compare the models. We also consider a simulation study to evaluate the type‐I error rates and the power of tests under both models in a balanced design setup. The simulation results suggest that both approaches behave similarly for equally spaced scores but may perform differently otherwise. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Conditional Rejection Probabilities of Student's t‐test and Design Adaptations
Authors: Posch Martin , Timmesfeld Nina , König Franz , Müller Hans‐Helge 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor clinical trials with interim analyses conditional rejection probabilities play an important role when stochastic curtailment or design adaptations are performed. The conditional rejection probability gives the conditional probability to finally reject the null hypothesis given the interim data. It is computed either under the null or the alternative hypothesis. We investigate the properties of the conditional rejection probability for the one sided, one sample t‐test and show that it can be non monotone in the interim mean of the data and non monotone in the non‐centrality parameter for the alternative. We give several proposals how to implement design adaptations (that are based on the conditional rejection probability) for the t‐test and give a numerical example. Additionally, the conditional rejection probability given the interim t‐statistic is investigated. It does not depend on the unknown σ and can be used in stochastic curtailment procedures. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Randomized clinical trial of the effects of immediate enteral nutrition on metabolic responses to major colorectal surgery in an enhanced recovery protocol
Authors: Soop M , Carlson G L , Hopkinson J , Clarke S , Thorell A , Nygren J , Ljungqvist O 
Published: August 2004

Abstract

Background
The effects of immediate postoperative enteral nutrition on postoperative nitrogen balance and insulin resistance were studied in patients subjected to an enhanced-recovery protocol.

Methods
Eighteen patients undergoing major colorectal surgery in an enhanced-recovery protocol were randomized to immediate postoperative enteral feeding for 4 days with either complete or hypocaloric nutrition. Nitrogen balance and changes in glucose kinetics, substrate utilization (indirect calorimetry) and insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp) were measured. Values are mean(s.e.m.).

Results
Mean postoperative urinary nitrogen losses were low (10·7(1·0) versus 10·5(0·7) g per day for complete versus hypocaloric nutrition) and insulin resistance was insignificant (−20(7) versus − 27(11) per cent), with no difference between groups. Complete enteral feeding was given without hyperglycaemia (blood glucose concentration 5·8(0·4) versus 5·0(0·4) mmol/l) and resulted in nitrogen balance (+0·1(0·8) versus − 12·6(0·6) g nitrogen per day; P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
This enhanced-recovery protocol was associated with minimal postoperative insulin resistance and nitrogen losses after surgery. Immediate postoperative enteral nutrition was provided without hyperglycaemia and resulted in nitrogen balance.
The role of glutathione in cancer
Authors: Balendiran Ganesaratnam K. , Dabur Rajesh , Fraser Deborah 
Published: August 2004

AbstractGlutathione is an abundant natural tripeptide found within almost all cells. Glutathione is highly reactive and is often found conjugated to other molecules via its sulfhydryl moiety. It instils several vital roles within a cell including antioxidation, maintenance of the redox state, modulation of the immune response and detoxification of xenobiotics. With respect to cancer, glutathione metabolism is able to play both protective and pathogenic roles. It is crucial in the removal and detoxification of carcinogens, and alterations in this pathway, can have a profound effect on cell survival. However, by conferring resistance to a number of chemotherapeutic drugs, elevated levels of glutathione in tumour cells are able to protect such cells in bone marrow, breast, colon, larynx and lung cancers. Here we present a number of studies investigating the role of glutathione in promoting cancer, impeding chemotherapy, and the use of glutathione modulation to enhance anti‐neoplastic therapy. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protective effect of L‐carnitine on renal ischaemia–reperfusion injury in the rat
Authors: Görür Sadık , Bagˇdatogˇlu Özlen Tubay , Polat Gürbüz 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThis study was designed to investigate the effect of l‐carnitine in ischaemia and reperfusion of the rat kidney. Rats were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (control group; n = 6) received no treatment. Group II (isotonic saline group; n = 6), received 2 ml of isotonic saline 15 min before the renal ischaemia, and group III (carnitine group; n = 6) received l‐carnitine hydrochloride (100 mg kg−1) intraperitoneally. At the end of the reperfusion period, rats were sacrificed. Tissue malondialdehyde level (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and nitrite/nitrate (NO) level of renal tissue were measured to evaluate the lipid peroxidation, neutrophil function, and nitric oxide metabolism, respectively. The tissue levels of MDA, MPO and NO were lower in group III (71.8 ± 8.4, 172.1 ± 27.4 U g−1 tissue, 76.3 ± 29.7 μmol l−1 respectively) than levels in groups I (103.4 ± 13.4 nmol g−1, 325.9 ± 20.2 U g−1 tissue, 144.5 ± 39.2 μmol l−1, respectively) and II (103.5 ± 11.4 nmol g−1, 317.1 ± 41.5 U g−1 tissue, 148.9 ± 23.9 μmol l−1, respectively). It is shown that carnitine protects kidney tissue against ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reversible Collapse of Brushlike Macromolecules in Ethanol and Water Vapours as Revealed by Real‐Time Scanning Force Microscopy
Authors: Gallyamov Marat O. , Tartsch Bernd , Khokhlov Alexei R. , Sheiko Sergei S. , Börner Hans G. , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Möller Martin 
Published: August 2004

AbstractEnvironment‐controlled scanning force microscopy allowed us to study adsorption and desorption of single poly(methacrylate)‐graft‐poly(n‐butyl acrylate) brush molecules on mica in real time. The molecules transform reversibly from a two‐dimensional, extended wormlike state to a compact globular state. The dynamics of the conformational transition was sufficiently slow in order to allow its observation by scanning force microscope in real time. The reversible transformation is effected by coadsorption of water or ethanol, the latter introduces the collapse. Adsorbing ethanol and water from the vapour atmosphere results in a change of the surface properties of mica, either favouring adsorption or desorption of the graft polymer. When the extended, tightly adsorbed poly(n‐butyl acrylate) brush molecules are exposed to ethanol vapour, the macromolecules swell and contract to form compact globules. Exchanging the ethanol vapour to a humid atmosphere caused the molecules to extend again to a wormlike two‐dimensional conformation. Coexistence of collapsed and extended strands within the same molecule indicates a single‐molecule first‐order transition in agreement with observations on Langmuir films previously reported.
Cooperative Near‐IR to Visible Photon Upconversion in Yb3+‐Doped MnCl2 and MnBr2: Comparison with a Series of Yb3+‐Doped Mn2+ Halides
Authors: Gerner Pascal , Reinhard Christine , Güdel Hans U. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractYb3+‐doped MnCl2 and MnBr2 crystals exhibit strong red upconversion luminescence under near‐infrared excitation around 10 000 cm−1 at temperatures below 100 K. The broad red luminescence band is centred around 15 200 cm−1 for both compounds and identified as the Mn2+ 4T1g→6A1g transition. Excitation with 10 ns pulses indicates that the upconversion process consists of a sequence of ground‐state and excited‐state absorption steps. The experimental VIS/NIR photon ratio at 12 K for an excitation power of 191 mW focused on the sample with a 53 mm lens is 4.1 % for MnCl2:Yb3+ and 1.2 % for MnBr2:Yb3+. An upconversion mechanism based on exchange coupled Yb3+–Mn2+ ions is proposed. Similar upconversion properties have been reported for RbMnCl3:Yb3+, CsMnCl3:Yb3+, CsMnBr3:Yb3+, RbMnBr3:Yb3+, Rb2MnCl4:Yb3+. The efficiency of the upconversion process in these compounds is strongly dependent on the connectivity between the Yb3+ and Mn2+ ions. The VIS/NIR photon ratio decreases by three orders of magnitude along the series of corner‐sharing Yb3+‐Cl−‐Mn2+, edge‐sharing Yb3+‐(Cl−)2‐Mn2+ to face‐sharing Yb3+‐(Br−)3‐Mn2+ bridging geometry. This trend is discussed in terms of the dependence of the relevant super‐exchange pathways on the Yb3+–Mn2+ bridging geometry.
Expanded Utility of the Native Chemical Ligation Reaction
Authors: Yeo Dawn S. Y. , Srinivasan Rajavel , Chen Grace Y. J. , Yao Shao Q. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe post‐genomic era heralds a multitude of challenges for chemists and biologists alike, with the study of protein functions at the heart of much research. The elucidation of protein structure, localization, stability, post‐translational modifications, and protein interactions will steadily unveil the role of each protein and its associated biological function in the cell. The push to develop new technologies has necessitated the integration of various disciplines in science. Consequently, the role of chemistry has never been so profound in the study of biological processes. By combining the strengths of recombinant DNA technology, protein splicing, organic chemistry, and the chemoselective chemistry of native chemical ligation, various strategies have been successfully developed and applied to chemoselectively label proteins, both in vitro and in live cells, with biotin, fluorescent, and other small molecule probes. The site‐specific incorporation of molecular entities with unique chemical functionalities in proteins has many potential applications in chemical and biological studies of proteins. In this article, we highlight recent progress of these strategies in several areas related to proteomics and chemical biology, namely, in vitro and in vivo protein biotinylation, protein microarray technologies for large‐scale protein analysis, and live‐cell bioimaging.
A Novel Self‐Complementary Three‐Dimensional Inorganic Network Organized by H‐Bond Dimers of Inorganic Chains — Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (C6H16N2)[Zn(HPO4)2].
Authors: Zhang Xian‐Ming , Bai Chan‐Juan , Zhang Yan‐Li , Wu Hai‐Shun 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxidation of Allylic Alcohols, Amines, and Sulfides Mediated by Assembled Triphase Catalyst of Phosphotungstate and Non‐cross‐linked Amphiphilic Copolymer.
Authors: Yamada Yoichi M. A. , Tabata Hidetsugu , Ichinohe Masato , Takahashi Hideyo , Ikegami Shiro 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
N‐Phthaloyl‐2‐amino Alcohols. Synthesis and Antileukemic Activity.
Authors: Osintsev A. V. , Levit G. L. , Krasnov V. P. , Mails D. Kh. , Solodnikov S. Yu. , Gun E. A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Diastereoselective Allylations of Allyl—Propargyl Hybrid Cations: Synthesis of Conjugated 1,5‐Dien‐7‐yne Frameworks Bearing C(4)‐Stereogenic Centers.
Authors: Ishikawa Teruhiko , Aikawa Toshiaki , Mori Yumiko , Saito Seiki 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of a Novel 1‐Alkylaminomethyl‐2,4‐diaryl‐butadiene‐1,3 Fragment Integrated within Cyclohex(pent)enes.
Authors: Zhao Kejun , Wang Yongfeng , Zhao Linxiang , Ji Zhizhong , Li Dan , Tisdale Michael J. , Schwalbe Carl H. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Alkene Aziridination Mediated by PhI(OAc)2: A Facile One‐Pot Procedure.
Authors: Kwong Hoi‐Lun , Liu Di , Chan Ka‐Yee , Lee Chi‐Sing , Huang Ka‐Hung , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Styrylheterocycles as a Novel Class Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase‐2‐Mediated Prostaglandin E2 Production.
Authors: Lee Sang Kook , Park Eun‐Jung , Lee Eunjung , Min Hye‐Young , Kim Eun‐Young , Lee Taeho , Kim Sanghee 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactivity and Enantioselectivity in the Reactions of Scalemic Stereogenic α‐(N‐Carbamoyl)alkylcuprates.
Authors: Dieter R. Karl , Oba Gabriel , Chandupatla Kishan R. , Topping Chris M. , Lu Kai , Watson Rhett T. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A New Dirhodium(II) Carboxamidate Complex as a Chiral Lewis Acid Catalyst for Enantioselective Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reactions.
Authors: Anada Masahiro , Washio Takuya , Shimada Naoyuki , Kitagaki Shinji , Nakajima Makoto , Shiro Motoo , Hashimoto Shunichi 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New and Improved Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐4‐Bromo‐7,8‐dimethoxy‐isochroman‐3‐one, a Key Intermediate for the Elaboration of (.+‐.)‐cis‐Alpinine and (.+‐.)‐cis‐Alpinigenine.
Authors: Bianchi Dario A. , Kaufman Teodoro S. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 3‐Substituted 4‐Piperidinones via a One‐Pot Tandem Oxidation—Cyclization—Oxidation Process: Stereodivergent Reduction to 3,4‐Disubstituted Piperidines.
Authors: Bahia Perdip S. , Snaith John S. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Quinolin‐2‐(1H)‐ones via Tandem Ugi—Knoevenagel Condensations.
Authors: Marcaccini Stefano , Pepino Roberto , Pozo M. Cruz , Basurto Sara , Garcia‐Valverde Maria , Torroba Tomas 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Methylation of Acridin‐9‐ylthioureas. Structure, Fluorescence and Biological Properties of Products.
Authors: Bernat Juraj , Balentova Eva , Kristian Pavol , Imrich Jan , Sedlak Erik , Danihel Ivan , Boehm Stanislav , Pronayova Nad'a , Pihlaja Kalevi , Klika Karen D. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.