bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient and process factors associated with opportunities for improvement in trauma care: a registry-based study
Authors: Albaaj Hussein , Attergrim Jonatan , Strömmer Lovisa , Brattström Olof , Jacobsson Martin , Wihlke Gunilla , Västerbo Liselott , Joneborg Elias , Gerdin Wärnberg Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Morbidity and mortality review of selected patient cases is used to improve the quality of trauma care by identifying opportunities for improvement (OFI). The aim of this study was to assess how patient and process factors are associated with OFI in trauma care.

Methods
We conducted a registry-based study using all patients between 2017 and 2021 from the Karolinska University Hospital who had been reviewed regarding the presence of OFI as defined by a morbidity and mortality conference. We used bi- and multivariable logistic regression to assess the associations between the following patient and process factors and OFI: age, sex, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), survival at 30 days, highest hospital care level, arrival on working hours, arrival on weekends, intubation status and time to first computed tomography (CT).

Results
OFI was identified in 300 (5.8%) out of 5182 patients. Age, missing Glasgow Coma Scale, time to first CT, highest hospital care level and ISS were statistically significantly associated with OFI.

Conclusion
Several patient and process factors were found to be associated with OFI, indicating that patients with moderate to severe trauma and those with delays to first CT are at the highest odds of OFI.
Extending the ‘host response’ paradigm from sepsis to cardiogenic shock: evidence, limitations and opportunities
Authors: Buckel Marie , Maclean Patrick , Knight Julian C. , Lawler Patrick R. , Proudfoot Alastair G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecent clinical and research efforts in cardiogenic shock (CS) have largely focussed on the restoration of the low cardiac output state that is the conditio sine qua non of the clinical syndrome. This approach has failed to translate into improved outcomes, and mortality has remained static at 30–50%. There is an unmet need to better delineate the pathobiology of CS to understand the observed heterogeneity of presentation and treatment effect and to identify novel therapeutic targets. Despite data in other critical illness syndromes, specifically sepsis, the role of dysregulated inflammation and immunity is hitherto poorly described in CS. High-dimensional molecular profiling, particularly through leukocyte transcriptomics, may afford opportunity to better characterise subgroups of patients with shared mechanisms of immune dysregulation. In this state-of-the-art review, we outline the rationale for considering molecular subtypes of CS. We describe how high-dimensional molecular technologies can be used to identify these subtypes, and whether they share biological features with sepsis and other critical illness states. Finally, we propose how the identification of molecular subtypes of patients may enrich future clinical trial design and identification of novel therapies for CS.
Graphical Abstract
Discovery of novel alkaline-tolerant xylanases from fecal microbiota of dairy cows
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Miao Qin , Tang Bingling , Mijakovic Ivan , Ji Xiao-Jun , Qu Lingbo , Wei Yongjun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractXylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are considered as a promising type of prebiotics that can be used in foods, feeds, and healthcare products. Xylanases play a key role in the production of XOS from xylan. In this study, we conducted a metagenomic analysis of the fecal microbiota from dairy cows fed with different types of fodders. Despite the diversity in their diets, the main phyla observed in all fecal microbiota were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, one group of dairy cows that were fed probiotic fermented herbal mixture-containing fodders displayed decreased abundance of Methanobrevibacter and increased growth of beneficial Akkermansia bacteria. Additionally, this group exhibited a high microbial richness and diversity. Through our analysis, we obtained a comprehensive dataset comprising over 280,000 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes. Among these, we identified a total of 163 potential xylanase genes and subsequently expressed 34 of them in Escherichia coli. Out of the 34 expressed genes, two alkaline xylanases with excellent temperature stability and pH tolerance were obtained. Notably, CDW-xyl-8 exhibited xylanase activity of 96.1 ± 7.5 U/mg protein, with an optimal working temperature of 55 ℃ and optimal pH of 8.0. CDW-xyl-16 displayed an activity of 427.3 ± 9.1 U/mg protein with an optimal pH of 8.5 and an optimal temperature at 40 ℃. Bioinformatic analyses and structural modeling suggest that CDW-xyl-8 belongs to GH10 family xylanase, and CDW-xyl-16 is a GH11 family xylanase. Both enzymes have the ability to hydrolyze beechwood xylan and produce XOS. In conclusion, this metagenomic study provides valuable insights into the fecal microbiota composition of dairy cows fed different fodder types, revealing main microbial groups and demonstrating the abundance of xylanases. Furthermore, the characterization of two novel xylanases highlights their potential application in XOS production.
Efficacy of a chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin, and pyrantel (Simparica Trio®) in the treatment of sarcoptic mange caused by Sarcoptes scabiei mite infestations in dogs
Authors: Becskei Csilla , Liebenberg Julian , Fernandes Tiago , Borowski Stasia , D’Hanis Lina , Mahabir Sean P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei in dogs is a debilitating disease if left untreated and is transmissible to humans. Two field studies were conducted to confirm the efficacy of orally administered sarolaner in combination with moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio®) in the treatment of sarcoptic mange in dogs.

Methods
Client-owned dogs with S. scabiei infestation were enrolled and received 2 monthly treatments. In the first, small-scale study, 12 dogs each were allocated randomly to treatment with either placebo or Simparica Trio®. Skin scrapings to detect live mites and assessment of clinical signs of sarcoptic mange were conducted on Days 0, 14, 30, 44, and 60. Efficacy was calculated based on the percent reduction in arithmetic mean live mite counts relative to placebo. In the second, large-scale study, 75 dogs were allocated randomly to treatment with Simparica Trio® and 37 to treatment with afoxolaner + milbemycin oxime (NexGard Spectra®). Skin scrapings to detect live mites and assessment of clinical signs of sarcoptic mange were conducted on Days 0, 14, 30, and 60. The parasitological cure rate (percentage of dogs without live mites) was determined and non-inferiority of Simparica Trio® to the control product was assessed.

Results
In the small-scale study, 2 monthly doses of Simparica Trio® resulted in a significant reduction (P ≤ 0.0050) in live S. scabiei mite numbers and provided a 99.2% reduction relative to placebo by Day 60. Clinical signs of sarcoptic mange improved throughout the study in Simparica Trio®-treated dogs. In the large-scale study, the parasitological cure rate on Days 30 and 60 was 97.3% and 100% in the Simparica Trio® group and 91.9% and 100% in the afoxolaner + milbemycin oxime group, respectively. The parasitological cure rate for Simparica Trio® was non-inferior to afoxolaner + milbemycin oxime at both time points. Clinical signs of sarcoptic mange improved throughout the study in both groups.

Conclusions
Two-monthly doses of Simparica Trio® reduced S. scabiei mite counts by 99.2% relative to placebo in one study and eliminated S. scabiei mites in 100% of dogs in the second study, thus confirming that Simparica Trio® is highly effective in the treatment of sarcoptic mange in dogs caused by S. scabiei var. canis.

Graphical abstract
Systematic review of sporozoite infection rate of Anopheles mosquitoes in Ethiopia, 2001–2021
Authors: Aschale Yibeltal , Getachew Aklilu , Yewhalaw Delenasaw , De Cristofaro Antonio , Sciarretta Andrea , Atenafu Getnet 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Adult mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles are important vectors of Plasmodium parasites, causative agents of malaria. The aim of this review was to synthesize the overall and species-specific proportion of Anopheles species infected with sporozoites and their geographical distribution in the last 2 decades (2001–2021).

Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted using databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, African Journals OnLine) and manual Google search between January 1 and February 15, 2022. Original articles describing work conducted in Ethiopia, published in English and reporting infection status, were included in the review. All the required data were extracted using a standardized data extraction form, imported to SPSS-24, and analyzed accordingly. The quality of each original study was assessed using a quality assessment tool adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. This study was registered on PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; registration no. CRD42022299078).

Results
A search for published articles produced a total of 3086 articles, of which 34 met the inclusion criteria. Data on mosquito surveillance revealed that a total of 129,410 anophelines comprising 25 species were captured, of which 48,365 comprising 21 species were tested for sporozoites. Anopheles arabiensis was the dominant species followed by An. pharoensis and An. coustani complex. The overall proportion infected with sporozoites over 21 years was 0.87%. Individual proportions included Anopheles arabiensis (1.09), An. pharoensis (0.79), An. coustani complex (0.13), An. funestus (2.71), An. demeilloni (0.31), An. stephensi (0.70), and An. cinereus (0.73). Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites accounted 79.2% of Plasmodium species. Mixed infection of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum was only reported from one An. arabiensis sample.

Conclusions
Anopheles arebiensis was the dominant malaria vector over the years, with the highest sporozoite infection proportion of 2.85% and an average of 0.90% over the years. Other species contributing to malaria transmission in the area were An. pharoensis, An. coustani complex, An. funestus, An. stephensi, and An. coustani. The emergence of new vector species, in particular An. stephensi, is particularly concerning and should be investigated further.

Graphical Abstract
Data of whole-genome sequencing of Karakul, Zel, and Kermani sheep breeds
Authors: Saadatabadi Leila Mohammadipour , Mohammadabadi Mohammadreza , Ghanatsaman Zeinab Amiri , Babenko Olena , Stavetska Ruslana Volodymyrivna , Kalashnik Oleksandr Mikolayovich , Afanasenko Volodymyr , Kochuk-Yashchenko Oleksandr Anatoliiovych , Kucher Dmytro Mykolaiovych , Nanaei Hojjat Asadollahpour 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
The data provided herein represent the whole-genome sequencing data associated with three sheep breeds of Iranian native breeds. Sheep are the first domesticated animals that, during the long path of the evolution process, have created gene variants with desirable phenotypic effects, so they can be suitable models for biomedical research. In addition, sheep have a vital role in providing protein to a notable part of the human population around the world.

Data description
Ten blood samples were taken from three Iranian native sheep breeds, the Zel, Karakul, and Kermani kinds. Blood samples genomes were extracted using the salting-out technique. The Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform was used to carry out sequencing of the whole genome in a laboratory in China. All sequence information is available through the NCBI database in the sequence read archive (SRA) format under the accession number PRJNA904537. The dataset presented here can provide a useful resource for genome analysis of livestock breeds adapted to hot and dry regions.
Exploring shared neural substrates underlying cognition and gait variability in adults without dementia
Authors: Byun Seonjeong , Lee Hyang Jun , Kim Jun Sung , Choi Euna , Lee Subin , Kim Tae Hui , Kim Jae Hyoung , Han Ji Won , Kim Ki Woong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
High gait variability is associated with neurodegeneration and cognitive impairments and is predictive of cognitive impairment and dementia. The objective of this study was to identify cortical or subcortical structures of the brain shared by gait variability measured using a body-worn tri-axial accelerometer (TAA) and cognitive function.

Methods
This study is a part of a larger population-based cohort study on cognitive aging and dementia. The study included 207 participants without dementia, with a mean age of 72.6, and 45.4% of them are females. We conducted standardized diagnostic interview including a detailed medical history, physical and neurological examinations, and laboratory tests for cognitive impairment. We obtained gait variability during walking using a body-worn TAA along and measured cortical thickness and subcortical volume from brain magnetic resonance (MR) images. We cross-sectionally investigated the cortical and subcortical neural structures associated with gait variability and the shared neural substrates of gait variability and cognitive function.

Results
Higher gait variability was associated with the lower cognitive function and thinner cortical gray matter but not smaller subcortical structures. Among the clusters exhibiting correlations with gait variability, one that included the inferior temporal, entorhinal, parahippocampal, fusiform, and lingual regions in the left hemisphere was also associated with global cognitive and verbal memory function. Mediation analysis results revealed that the cluster’s cortical thickness played a mediating role in the association between gait variability and cognitive function.

Conclusion
Gait variability and cognitive function may share neural substrates, specifically in regions related to memory and visuospatial navigation.
Human placental extract suppresses mast cell activation and induces mast cell apoptosis
Authors: Wu Tongqian , He Jingjing , Yan Shirong , Li Jing , Chen Ke , Zhang Dingshan , Cheng Mingliang , Xiang Zou , Fang Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Human placental extract (HPE) has been documented to facilitate the healing of certain disorders including allergy. However, the effects of HPE on the functionality of mast cells, a critical cell type in allergic diseases, have not been reported.

Methods
To investigate the effects of HPE on the regulation of allergy with respect to the biological functions of mast cells, the mast cell line C57 or HMC-1 cells were treated with HPE followed by the assessment of cell proliferation, apoptosis, activation, chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Mouse peritoneal mast cells were also investigated for their responses to induction of apoptosis by HPE in vivo. Furthermore, the effect of HPE on mast cell degranulation was confirmed using the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) assay, an acute allergy model.

Results
HPE was capable of suppressing mast cell proliferation and inducing mast cell apoptosis. Mast cell degranulation in response to compound 48/80- or anti-DNP IgE and DNP-mediated activation was suppressed. In addition, treatment with HPE compromised the production of cytokines by mast cells and cell chemotaxis. These observations were consistent with the dampened passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) assay following treatment with HPE.

Conclusion
This study revealed a suppressive effect of HPE on overall mast cell activities, suggesting a potential regulatory role of HPE on the alleviation of allergic diseases through mast cells.
Quality of life is lower in food allergic adolescents compared to young children at a community educational symposium
Authors: Nguyen Diem-Tran I. , Pitts Kathleen , Staggers Kristen A. , Davis Carla M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Food allergies (FA) can detrimentally impact physical, emotional, and psychological quality of life (QoL) among pediatric patients. Given the changes from childhood into adolescence, the impact of FA on QoL likely evolves with age. The purpose of this study was to determine whether QoL differed between adolescents and children with FA who participated in a Food Allergy Symposium (FAS).

Methods
Patients with confirmed FA were recruited at an educational community symposium in September 2018 and September 2019. Patients and/or their parents were invited to complete the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaires (FAQLQ). The Food Allergy Independent Measure (FAIM) reflects concerns about accidental food exposure and disease severity. Higher FAIM and FAQLQ scores reflect worse QoL. Summary scores were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test, Fisher’s exact test, or the Chi-square test.

Results
Seventy-four surveys (82% children, 18% adolescents) were included. The FAQLQ total score was higher among adolescents than children (median 5.2 vs 4.2; p = 0.045), and the FAIM was lower in adolescents (median 2.2 vs 2.8; p = 0.037). More adolescents reported previous anaphylaxis than children (91.7% vs 51.8%; p = 0.011). The percentage reassured by having epinephrine was higher in adolescents (81.8% vs 45.8%; p = 0.046). No other QoL scores and survey responses were significantly different.

Discussion
In this study, adolescents were more concerned about their disease and more reassured by epinephrine carriage than younger children, which may reflect increased autonomy and responsibility. Community events are an important way to assess QoL and provide FA-related education to pediatric patients.
Exploring the multidimensional nature of repetitive and restricted behaviors and interests (RRBI) in autism: neuroanatomical correlates and clinical implications
Authors: Lefebvre Aline , Traut Nicolas , Pedoux Amandine , Maruani Anna , Beggiato Anita , Elmaleh Monique , Germanaud David , Amestoy Anouck , Ly-Le Moal Myriam , Chatham Christopher , Murtagh Lorraine , Bouvard Manuel , Alisson Marianne , Leboyer Marion , Bourgeron Thomas , Toro Roberto , Dumas Guillaume , Moreau Clara , Delorme Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Repetitive and restricted behaviors and interests (RRBI) are core symptoms of autism with a complex entity and are commonly categorized into ‘motor-driven’ and ‘cognitively driven’. RRBI symptomatology depends on the individual’s clinical environment limiting the understanding of RRBI physiology, particularly their associated neuroanatomical structures. The complex RRBI heterogeneity needs to explore the whole RRBI spectrum by integrating the clinical context [autistic individuals, their relatives and typical developing (TD) individuals]. We hypothesized that different RRBI dimensions would emerge by exploring the whole spectrum of RRBI and that these dimensions are associated with neuroanatomical signatures—involving cortical and subcortical areas.

Method
A sample of 792 individuals composed of 267 autistic subjects, their 370 first-degree relatives and 155 TD individuals was enrolled in the study. We assessed the whole patterns of RRBI in each individual by using the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. We estimated brain volumes using MRI scanner for a subsample of the subjects (n = 152, 42 ASD, 89 relatives and 13 TD). We first investigated the dimensionality of RRBI by performing a principal component analysis on all items of these scales and included all the sampling population. We then explored the relationship between RRBI-derived factors with brain volumes using linear regression models.

Results
We identified 3 main factors (with 30.3% of the RRBI cumulative variance): Factor 1 (FA1, 12.7%) reflected mainly the ‘motor-driven’ RRBI symptoms; Factor 2 and 3 (respectively, 8.8% and 7.9%) gathered mainly Y-BOCS related items and represented the ‘cognitively driven’ RRBI symptoms. These three factors were significantly associated with the right/left putamen volumes but with opposite effects: FA1 was negatively associated with an increased volume of the right/left putamen conversely to FA2 and FA3 (all uncorrected p < 0.05). FA1 was negatively associated with the left amygdala (uncorrected p < 0.05), and FA2 was positively associated with the left parietal structure (uncorrected p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Our results suggested 3 coherent RRBI dimensions involving the putamen commonly and other structures according to the RRBI dimension. The exploration of the putamen’s integrative role in RSBI needs to be strengthened in further studies.
Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production
Authors: Putra Lingga Aksara , Huber Bernhard , Gaderer Matthias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUsing renewable energy is increasingly prevalent as part of a global effort to safeguard the environment, with a reduction in $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$

CO
2

being one of the primary objectives. A biogas plant provides an opportunity to produce green energy, but its profitability prevents it from being utilized more frequently. A suitable response to this economic issue would be flexible biogas production to exploit fluctuating energy prices. Nevertheless, the complex nature of the anaerobic digestion process that proceeds within the biogas plant and the wide range of substrates that may be utilized as the plant’s feeds make it challenging to achieve flexible biogas production truly. Most plant operators will rely on their experience and intuition to run the plant without knowing exactly how much biogas they will produce with the feed substrate. This work combines a system model estimation and feedback controller to provide an intuitive yet precise feedback control system. The system model estimation represents the biogas plant mathematically, and a total of six distinct approaches have been compared and evaluated. A PT1 model most accurately approximated the step-down and the step-up by the time percentage method, with the Akaike Information Criterion as the primary evaluation criterion for selecting the best model. The downward model was controlled by a discrete PI controller modified with the Root Locus Method and an Anti-Windup scheme, and the upward model was controlled by a state space controller. The quality of the controller was evaluated in both simulation and at the actual biogas plant in Grub, and the controller was able to reduce the biogas production rate approaching the setpoint in the expected period. Furthermore, the developed feedback control system is effortless enough to be installed in many biogas plants.