bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CURATE.AI-assisted dose titration for anti-hypertensive personalized therapy: study protocol for a multi-arm, randomized, pilot feasibility trial using CURATE.AI (CURATE.AI ADAPT trial)
Authors: Truong Anh T L , Tan Shi-Bei , Wang Golda Z , Yip Alexander W J , Egermark Mathias , Yeung Wesley , Lee V Vien , Chan Mark Y , Kumar Kirthika S , Tan Lester W J , Vijayakumar Smrithi , Blasiak Agata , Wang Laureen Y T , Ho Dean 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aims
Artificial intelligence–driven small data platforms such as CURATE.AI hold potential for personalized hypertension care by assisting physicians in identifying personalized anti-hypertensive doses for titration. This trial aims to assess the feasibility of a larger randomized controlled trial (RCT), evaluating the efficacy of CURATE.AI-assisted dose titration intervention. We will also collect preliminary efficacy and safety data and explore stakeholder feedback in the early design process.

Methods and results
In this open-label, randomized, pilot feasibility trial, we aim to recruit 45 participants with primary hypertension. Participants will be randomized in 1:1:1 ratio into control (no intervention), home blood pressure monitoring (active control; HBPM), or CURATE.AI arms (intervention; HBPM and CURATE.AI-assisted dose titration). The home treatments include 1 month of two-drug anti-hypertensive regimens. Primary endpoints assess the logistical (e.g. dose adherence) and scientific (e.g. percentage of participants for which CURATE.AI profiles can be generated) feasibility, and define the progression criteria for the RCT in a ‘traffic light system’. Secondary endpoints assess preliminary efficacy [e.g. mean change in office blood pressures (BPs)] and safety (e.g. hospitalization events) associated with each treatment protocol. Participants with both baseline and post-treatment BP measurements will form the intent-to-treat analysis. Following their involvement with the CURATE.AI intervention, feedback from CURATE.AI participants and healthcare providers will be collected via exit survey and interviews.

Conclusion
Findings from this study will inform about potential refinements of the current treatment protocols before proceeding with a larger RCT, or potential expansion to collect additional information. Positive results may suggest the potential efficacy of CURATE.AI to improve BP control.

Trial registration number
NCT05376683
Trends in caesarean section rates in Europe from 2015-2019 using Robson's Ten-Group Classification System: A Euro-Peristat registry study
Authors: Amyx M , Philibert M , Farr A , Donati S , Smarason A , Fernandez Elorriaga M , Heller G , Krypianou T , Mierzejewska E , Zile-Velika I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To assess changes in caesarean section (CS) in Europe from 2015-2019 and utilise the Robson Ten Group Classification System (TGCS) to evaluate the contribution of different obstetric populations to overall CS rates and trends

Methods
This was an observational study utilising routine population birth data from 28 European countries participating in the Euro-Peristat network. We included all births ≥22 weeks gestational age, from 2015 to 2019. A federated model used individual-level data from routine sources in each country formatted to common data model to generate anonymous, aggregate data tables on yearly CS rates and the Robson TGCS classification. We computed the Robson group-specific relative size, CS rate, relative and absolute contribution to overall CS rate

Results
Among the 28 European countries, CS rates (2015: 16.0-55.9%; 2019: 16.0-52.2%) and trends varied (-3.7-+4.7%; 9 countries decreasing, 7 stable [ ≤ ±0.2], 12 increasing). Using the Robson Classification (17 countries), in most countries, labour induction increased (Groups 2a, 4a), while multiple pregnancies (Group 8) decreased. In countries with decreasing overall CS rates, CS tended to decrease in most Robson groups, while in countries with increasing overall CS rates, CS tended to increase in most Robson groups. In countries with the greatest increase in CS rates (&gt;1%), absolute contributions of Groups 1 (nulliparous term cephalic singletons, spontaneous labour), 2a and 4a, 2b and 4b (prelabour CS), and 10 (preterm cephalic singletons) to overall CS tended to increase.

Conclusions
Analysis of the Robson Classification shows varying CS trends and rates across Europe. Comparisons between European countries, particularly those with divergent trends, could provide insight into strategies to reduce CS without indication.
Impact of child poverty and adversity on perceived family support in adolescence
Authors: Adjei N K , Russell Jonsson K , Straatmann V , Melis G , McGovern R , Kaner E , Wolfe I , Taylor-Robinson D C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Emotional support from family members may have an important effect on adolescent health outcomes, and has been identified as a target for policy to protect against the impacts of poverty and adversity. However, few studies have assessed the extent to which poverty and adversity themselves influence the nature of emotional support that parents can provide to adolescents. We therefore aimed to investigate the impact of trajectories of poverty and family adversities on young people's relationships with their families and perceived emotional support received.

Methods
We analysed longitudinal data on 10976 children from the nationally representative UK Millennium Cohort Study. Exposure trajectories of poverty and family adversities were characterised using group-based multi-trajectory models. The outcomes were perceived emotional support and quality of family relationships, measured by the three-item Short Social Provisions Scale (SPS-3) and levels of parent-adolescent closeness and conflict, measured at age 14. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models.

Results
At age 14 the overall prevalence of low perceived emotional support was 13%. Children of mothers with lower socioeconomic status (SES) were more likely to report low emotional support, with a clear social gradient. Compared with children exposed to low levels of poverty and adversity, children in the persistent adversity trajectory groups experienced higher odds of low emotional support and low-quality parent-adolescent relationship; those exposed to both persistent poverty and poor parental mental health were particularly at increased risk of experiencing poor family relationships and low perceived emotional support (aOR 2·2; 95% CI 1·7- 2·9).

Conclusions
Policies to improve levels of family support for UK adolescents should focus on improving modifiable determinants such as child poverty and family mental health.

Key messages
• Children of parents with lower socioeconomic status are more likely to experience low perceived emotional support in adolescence.
• Children who experience persistent poverty and poor parental mental health are at increased risk of poor family relationships and low perceived emotional support in adolescence.
2.A. Workshop: (Re)imagining food: representations of food to move towards more sustainable food cultures
Authors:   Organised by: EUPHA-LAW, EUPHA-GH, EUPHA-FN, EUPHA-ENV, University of Essex (UK), Dublin City University (Ireland),   Chair persons: Elena Petelos (EUPHA-HTA, EUPHA-GH)
Published: October 2023

Abstract

How food is produced, sold and consumed reveals much about people, culture, policies and environments, and the relationships between them. Food has ‘meaning’. These meanings matter: they helps to express our values and what we are connected to. The various meanings of food in society are shaped by how food is represented. These representations develop and vary in time and between fields. Recent years have also witnessed growth food meanings developing in discourses on the environment. How food is represented in various fields - not least news media, social media, video games, accounts, policies and regulations, and popular culture - shape our views on health and sustainability. This workshop will explore contemporary policy and public debates about food and sustainability. It will uncover how societies approach and conceive the relationships between food, environment, and human health.
The workshop will explore several themes, including the following:
• Understanding representations of food and the natural environment in fields (eg science and technology) and in various media.
• How these representations create meaning.
• How these meanings become drivers of food and sustainability movements.
• How movements contribute to laws and policies which can support or undermine effective action on promoting sustainable consumption.
• How stakeholders - including consumers, journalists, governments and politicians, and commercial actors - can enhance narratives and their communication strategies towards a transition to a more sustainable food system.
With its interdisciplinary methodologies, this workshop will be of interest to a wide range of policy makers, practitioners and researchers working on reducing obesity and other diet-related non-communicable diseases while promoting environmental sustainability to preserve and improve the ability of generations to meet their own needs. Presentations will be short (5 minutes each) and will stimulate debates with the audience not only to disseminate knowledge but also develop policy recommendations.

Key messages
• Representations of food and the environment create meanings which, in turn, influence views, policies and strategies affecting health and environmental sustainability.
• Understanding how different actors construct representations can help enhance narratives and communication strategies to help transition towards a more sustainable food system.
Changing perceptions of ‘healthy’ food in the UK in the late 20th and early 21st century
Authors: Zhou X 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
My presentation examines changing public perceptions in the UK about what constitutes ‘healthy’ food in the late 20th and early 21st century. Over and above measuring the historical and cultural impact of the dichotomy of ‘healthy’ food as cure rather than food as the cause of disease as found in both public health claims as well as popular culture means engaging both lay people and scientists in understanding the impact of the meanings associated with food representations on food choice, the eating habits and nutrition. I shall also explore how foodways and food practices intersect with state public health goals as well as engaging, positively or negatively, cultural and religious practices dealing with food preparation and consumption. The corollary will also be discussed, the impact of ethnic foodways on UK nutritional practice and the claims of health and illness. Together with other presentations for this workshop, it will stimulate much needed discussions about appropriate and healthy diets as well as sustainable food culture.
Supporting drug and alcohol service users to cut down or stop smoking: review and evidence.gaps
Authors: Mc Callum A K , McKenna A , Pringle B , Gringras D , Fowler J , Martine M , Dobbie F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Globally, drug and alcohol service users are underserved by smoking cessation and tobacco control services despite their high rates of smoking, smoking-related disease and interest in quitting or cutting down. DASHES (drug and alcohol users help to exit smoking) is developing and evaluating a tobacco harm reduction intervention with service users and staff of specialist third sector and NHS services, public health, and policymakers. It combines NHS Scotland behavioural change, pharmacotherapy, NRT delivered as vapes and tailored support. We sought evidence of approaches on which to build and assess our model.

Methods
Rapid review of smoking cessation interventions for drugs and/or alcohol service users. Papers screened by title and abstract, extracted using Covidence and appraised by 4 researchers using CASP guidance. Included papers were quality reviewed. We used PROGRESS-PLUS to assess consideration of equity. Narrative synthesis explored components of smoking cessation/reduction interventions.

Results
We quality reviewed 29 eligible studies. Heterogeneity and lack of power precluded meta-analysis and limited estimation of effect sizes. Some interventions fell short of existing, evidence-based practice. Despite funders and authorities requiring commitment to increasing equity and diversity of research participation, few studies monitored or addressed equity of participation, barriers to smoking cessation or provision of trauma-informed care explicitly. Promising interventions included designs and supportive features that mitigate healthcare inequities for other conditions.

Conclusions
Our review identified promising components for inclusion in DASHES but effective and equitable delivery of smoking cessation/reduction services for people using drug and alcohol services remains understudied. Lack of attention contributes to the ongoing burden of avoidable disease and death associated with tobacco-related harm in this population.

Key messages
• Smoking-related inequities will continue and drug and alcohol service users remain underserved by smoking cessation/tobacco control services until gaps in the evidence base are addressed.
• Action to assure equity in research participation, quality and design of interventions remains limited and must be addressed by policymakers funders, researchers and services.
Measuring resilience to misinformation: Development and Validation of an instrument in Portuguese
Authors: Rosário R , Martins S , Silva M J , Duarte A , Martins J , Lopes C , Augusto C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
A noisy information environment has led to an increase in people seeking health information; however, they may encounter and act upon misinformation that can be widely disseminated through social media. Currently, there is limited evidence regarding valid instruments for measuring resilience to misinformation in adults. We aim to develop and validate a resilience to misinformation instrument.

Methods
The development of the resilience to misinformation instrument followed standardized criteria (e.g., selecting and formulating items, scoring issues, pilot and field-testing). The items formulation was based on the examination of resilience instruments, such as the OCDE Study on Social and Emotional Skills. A panel of experts (n = 5) from the field of communication, psychology and health, and childreńs parents assessed the items for comprehensibility, relevance and completeness. A final instrument with 15 items was completed by 554 parents (82.3% mothers) with mean age of 38.7 years old (SD = 5.49). Participants were asked to indicate their agreement from ‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’ for each item. Data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to of the scale, while Cronbach's alpha and Omega MacDonald coefficients were estimated to assess its reliability.

Results
Exploratory factor analyses were conducted, and a two-factor model was obtained and tested using confirmatory factor analysis. The two factors identified (stress persistence and resistance) exhibited good internal consistency (α = 0.73; ω = 0.69).

Conclusions
The Portuguese version of the resilience to misinformation instrument demonstrated adequate psychometric criteria, indicating that it can be confidently used to assess resilience to misinformation. However, more studies are needed to provide valuable insights about resilience to misinformation among different target groups, and identify areas where further interventions are required.

Key messages
• Misinformation can be widely disseminated through social media.
• The Portuguese version of the resilience to misinformation instrument demonstrated adequate psychometric criteria.
Literacy and Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccine in Cancer Patients
Authors: Ataoğlu B , Hıdıroğlu S , Alan O , Domruk ÖF , Aldağ Y , Save D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Identifying motives of the patients’ decision to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and assessing their attitudes towards the vaccine will provide them acquire the most convenient health care. The aim of this study is to assess the cancer patients’ COVID-19 vaccine literacy and attitudes toward the vaccine.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 198 participants who were submitted treatment from the oncology department of Pendik Training and Research Hospital in October 2022. The socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were examined, including the knowledge on COVID-19 infection and vaccination. COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy Scale and Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccine Scale were evaluated. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests are used in SPSS 28. The statistical significance was set at 0.05 level.

Results
All of the patients had at least one malignancy history, and 88.4% (n = 175) of them had received at least one COVID-19 vaccine. Positive vaccination attitude was higher in those patients who are male (p &lt; 0.05) or older than 60 years (p &lt; 0.001). The vaccine literacy was higher in the male patients, those who had higher education, and those who had vaccination intention (p &lt; 0.05, p &lt; 0.05, p &lt; 0.05). The ones who get influenza or pneumococcal vaccines were more likely to have the next COVID-19 vaccine (p &lt; 0.05, p &lt; 0.05). The male patients had higher scores in functional skills (p &lt; 0.05). While functional skill scores were lowest in those aged 18 to 45 (p &lt; 0.05), communication skill scores were highest (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
As with all infectious diseases, COVID-19 is an important public health concern. Identifying risk groups of the community based on the vaccine attitude would allow health practitioners and policymakers to be prepared for probable crisis situations such as pandemic.

Key messages
• Special groups such as cancer patients are needed to be specifically assessed about the possible outcomes of the vaccination.
• It is essential to provide vaccination consultation during pandemics due to the limited availability and accessibility of healthcare services.
The nexus of food and nutrition security in youth: linking a Canadian survey and administrative data
Authors: Webb N , Slater J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Food insecurity is impacted by social determinants of health and is a risk factor for poor nutrition. Simultaneously, nutrition insecurity remains a pervasive public health concern in wealthy countries, especially for children. This study describes characteristics of youth that may increase risk of food and nutrition insecurity.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of grade nine students took place in 37 schools in Manitoba, Canada. Students completed a web-based survey on food security, diet, and nutrition-related behaviours. When consenting, parents/guardians could provide their child's health number. This sub-sample (n = 943) was linked with social and health variables through a de-identified data repository and used for this study. Bivariate associations explored relationships between sociodemographic information, diet quality, eating behaviours, mental health, and food security. A multivariable logistic regression model determined adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence limits for food security, and a general linear model for diet quality. Significance was set at p &lt; 0.05 for all analyses.

Results
Twenty percent of participants were food insecure and 70% had sub-optimal diets. Food security was positively associated with living in a rural area, in higher income neighbourhoods and eating family dinner more frequently, while living in a northern area or in social housing, were negatively associated. Food security was not significantly related to diet quality; however, better nutrition was associated with being female, higher self-rated health, absence of a mental health diagnosis, and more frequent breakfast consumption, while receiving social assistance and living in a northern area were negatively associated with diet.

Conclusions
While results show a socioeconomic and geographic vulnerability to food insecurity, the diet quality of most adolescents was low. A multidimensional public health approach is needed to resolve these connected yet different issues.

Key messages
• Food insecurity and nutrition insecurity are public health concerns that require distinct but related interventions.
• Scaling up income supports to resolve food insecurity is insufficient to improve dietary quality across adolescent populations.
Women's autonomy and completion of continuum of care in maternal healthcare
Authors: Jung S H , Kim R K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
In low- and middle-income countries, interventions to improve maternal health services throughout pregnancy, during labor, and after delivery are often targeted independently. For health optimization, it is important to adopt a more comprehensive approach and identify factors that hinder women's continuum of care (CoC) in maternal health services. This study aimed to assess the association between women's autonomy and completion of CoC in maternal health services in India.

Methods
Using the fifth National Family Health Survey, 25,515 women aged 15-49 years who had births in the past five years were analyzed. Women's autonomy was determined based on their control over decision-making (either by themselves or jointly with husband/partner) about healthcare utilization, large purchases, visits to family/relatives, and spending of money. Women were considered as having completed CoC in maternal health services if they received at least eight antenatal care visits, gave birth in health facility with skilled birth attendants, and received postnatal care within 24 hours of birth. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results
Overall, 64.55% of women were identified as having autonomy and 13.68% had completed CoC in maternal health services. Women's autonomy was associated with significantly increased odds of completing CoC in maternal health services (AORs: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36), after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic covariates.

Conclusions
Despite substantial progress made on maternal health services, completion of CoC remains low in India. Fostering a social climate to promote women's autonomy should be considered in comprehensive interventions to ensure completion of CoC for healthy pregnancy.

Key messages
• In India, the percentage of women who received full completion of care (CoC) in maternal healthcare services remained low.
• Women's autonomy was significantly associated with higher CoC in maternal health services, highlighting the significance of women's participation in the household decision-making process.