bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Observed Personality Traits in (Mildly) Depressed Adolescents Relate to Nonverbal Responses of Peers
Authors: Schreur Marry , Beek Yolanda van , Hutteman Roos 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDepression in adolescence is related to negative social responses. Previous studies indicate that negative responses precede, co-occur and follow depressive episodes, indicating that more stable characteristics of depressed(to-be) adolescents may trigger such responses. This study examines whether personality traits, as observed in behavior, mediate or moderate responses of peers towards (mildly) depressed adolescents. Nonverbal responses of peers were observed during two short semi-structured interactions, one with a (mildly) depressed partner and one with a nondepressed partner, matched for age and gender. Personality traits of partners were observed. Results show that peers responded more negatively towards (mildly) depressed partners. Personality traits moderated the link between depression and peer responses. In general, but particularly for (mildly) depressed girls, neuroticism strengthened the link between depression and negative peer responses, while expressivity diminished the link between depression and negative peer responses. For boys, small and counterintuitive moderation effects were found which merit further research.
Pilot Study Dismantling the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy: Identifying the Active Ingredients
Authors: Long Lee R. , Foster Mark , Burr Kara , Penberthy J. Kim , Baker Tracy N. , McCullough James P. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
CBASP is a learning acquisition model of psychotherapy and until this present study, has not been systematically dismantled to identify the active ingredient.

Methods
The present investigation is the first formal dismantling pilot-study conducted to date on the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP). The two major treatment components of CBASP, Situational Analysis (SA) and the Interpersonal Discrimination Exercise (IDE), were administered alone and with CBASP treatment-as-usual (the combination of both) to determine if there were active ingredients operative in the model. Secondly, we questioned if the dismantling of CBASP should continue in a larger study in an effort to answer the greater dismantling question of whether to administer both SA and IDE separately based on the active ingredient outcomes.

Results
The study did achieve visually inspected differential data patterns across the three groups of the dependent measures. Based on these outcomes, a larger dismantling study seems warranted and is recommended.

Conclusions
We strongly urge that a larger dismantling study using a similar design be conducted in an effort to further the dismantling process of the CBASP model.
Temporal variation in the relative abundance, suitable habitat selection, and distribution of Ataeniobius toweri (Meek, 1904) (Goodeidae), by life stages, in the Media Luna spring, Mexico
Authors: Rössel-Ramírez D. W. , Palacio-Núñez J. , Espinosa S. , Martínez-Montoya J. F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Media Luna spring, Mexico, is the main reservoir of the endemic and endangered fish Ataeniobius toweri. In the last decades, the ecosystem has been modified by tourism, and the habitat has changed for this species. Therefore, for better conservation management of the natural fish population, it is necessary to understand its abundance status and suitable habitat conditions, in ecological and spatial scenarios, on a temporal scale. In the present study, we modeled A. toweri’s ecological responses and spatial distribution for adult and juvenile life stages, in three summer periods (years 1999, 2009, and 2019). As habitat variables, we used water depth and underwater coverage. Ecological response curves were obtained from a Generalized Linear Model; distribution models were obtained with DOMAIN. In the modeling evaluation, for the Linear Regression Model, we obtained true statistical skills metric > 0.30 and, for DOMAIN, an area under the curve (AUC) > 0.70 with an AUC ratio > 1.00. In general, as the summer periods progressed, we found the highest probability of occurrence (P > 0.20) and distribution (P > 0.60) in areas with conditions of large coverage of underwater vegetation, in the first 1.5 m of depth, and near the shores of the spring. Also, the variations of relative abundance were always observed at sites with these habitat conditions. Thus, we concluded that our models had the performance to discern between suitable and unsuitable habitat conditions for A. toweri, and that areas with little or no anthropogenic pressure are more important for this species.
Operator Space Manifold Theory: Modeling Quantum Operators with a Riemannian Manifold
Authors: Nowaskie Gabriel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Half-Transform Ansatz (HTA) is a proposed method to solve hyper-geometric equations in Quantum Phase Space by transforming a differential operator to an algebraic variable and including a specific exponential factor in the wave function, but the mechanism which provides this solution scheme is not known. Analysis of the HTA’s application to the Hydrogen atom suggests an underlying mechanism which the HTA is a part of. Observations of exponential factors that act on the wave function naturally suggest modeling quantum operator definitions as a point on a Riemannian manifold in the 4D Operator Space, a novel idea we call the Operator Space Manifold Theory. On this manifold, we explore the concepts of superposition, regions of unique energy eigenvalues, and translation operators. We also find the theoretical backing to derive the HTA and how Operator Space Manifold Theory can be used to describe and solve quantum systems by manipulating how a quantum state perceives position and momentum.
Unpaved road verges are attractive habitats for dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in a plantation forestry-grassland mosaic
Authors: Deacon Charl , Pryke James S. , Samways Michael J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRoads have direct and indirect impacts on biodiversity, although the impacts on insects are not yet fully understood. In a plantation forestry-dominated landscape in South Africa, where natural grasslands make up ecological networks of conservation corridors among plantation compartments, we investigated the impact of maintained unpaved roads and unmanaged tracks on dung beetles. We show that these two types of roads have little impact on dung beetle species richness and assemblage structure, indicating that road verges are attractive habitats for dung beetles. Yet, nocturnal dung beetle abundance increased with distance away from roads, suggesting that areas farther away from roads are important to maintain their population sizes. Vegetation characteristics, especially total cover by grasses and overall vegetation height, were important drivers of dung beetles, yet substrate characteristics were unimportant. With vegetation characteristics being related to road maintenance, roads in the landscape have an indirect impact on dung beetle species richness, abundance, and assemblage composition, rather than a direct impact. Road construction in production landscapes is unavoidable, and their edges are attractive to dung beetles. This means that road users should avoid unnecessary road killings by strictly keeping to the road tracks. Habitat heterogeneity across the overall landscape should be encouraged to minimize current and future impacts of roads on dung beetles. The expansion of road networks, or the maintenance of existing road networks, should be done cautiously so as to promote habitat heterogeneity which is important for maintaining regional dung beetle diversity patterns.
Methodical tuning of NH3 gas sensing in WO3 thin films by electron beam irradiation
Authors: Anusha  , Kumari Priyanka , Ani Aninamol , Poornesh P , Chattopadhyay Saikat , Petwal Vikash Chandra , Verma Vijay Pal , Dwivedi Jishnu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present work focuses on the structure, morphology, optical and sensing analysis of Electron Beam Irradiation (EBI) treated WO3 films synthesized by the spray pyrolysis technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a slight shift in the 2θ position, indicating stress generated due to EBI process. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) morphographs presented well-defined grains at higher irradiation dosages. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) studies showed increased oxygen vacancy defects for the 5 kGy treated sample compared to unirradiated WO3. Sensing analysis of unirradiated and EBI-treated films was conducted towards ammonia (NH3) at an optimum operating temperature of 200 °C. Sensor response of 5 kGy treated film increased by − 4.5 fold compared to unirradiated film at 5 ppm NH3 concentration. The current study demonstrates the importance of EBI in tailoring the NH3 sensing properties of WO3 films.
Determining the Spiritual Care Needs of Patients with Indwelling Urinary Catheterization: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study in Turkey
Authors: ORDU Yadigar , YILMAZ Sakine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study was undertaken to ascertain the spiritual care requirements of patients undergoing indwelling urinary catheterization. Identifying the spiritual care needs of patients with indwelling urinary catheterization is crucial for fortifying their resilience and fostering positive health behaviors. Furthermore, it proves pivotal in devising customized nursing interventions. A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 122 participants (50 female, 72 male) undergoing indwelling urinary catheterization within the inpatient clinics of a state hospital in Turkey was conducted. Data were meticulously gathered through a participant information form and the Spiritual Care Needs Scale. The subsequent analysis employed the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, facilitated by the SPSS 22.0 program. This study adhered to the STROBE recommendations in reporting. The findings indicated that individuals with indwelling urinary catheters exhibit spiritual care needs exceeding the norm, with heightened scores in subdimensions such as meaning and hope, caring, and respect. A statistically significant positive association was identified, revealing a difference in spiritual care needs between women and men. Similarly, a positive association, statistically significant, was observed in the spiritual care needs of patients aged 72–98 compared to those aged 41–71. Furthermore, a positive and statistically significant difference surfaced in the spiritual care needs of patients with long-term indwelling urinary catheters as opposed to those with medium and short-term urinary catheters. Therefore, it is imperative to consider the spiritual care needs of patients undergoing indwelling urinary catheterization.
Is woody plant encroachment bad? Benefits of woody plant encroachment—A review
Authors: Aweto Albert Orodena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context
Woody plant encroachment has remarkably altered the structure and functioning of savanna and grassland ecosystems and has become a major ecological concern globally. The majority of the studies/reviews on woody plant encroachment have overwhelmingly concentrated on the negative impacts of the phenomenon and have ignored its benefits to humans.

Objectives
The current paper addresses the question whether woody plant encroachment is bad and goes further to discuss its benefits.

Methods
This review is based primarily on published papers that were procured from the Google Scholar database, utilizing keywords that relate to woody plant encroachment and its impacts.

Results
Woody plant encroachment usually reduces grass cover and results in substantial accumulation of carbon and nutrients in the soil and vegetation as grasslands/savannas become more densely wooded. It appears to have a more drastic impact on commercial farmers in North and South America than small-scale farmers and pastoralists in Africa, South America and Asia, who derive benefits such as increased supplies of fuelwood, medicine, food and browse for livestock from the phenomenon.

Conclusion
Woody plant encroachment should not be regarded as patently unwholesome because of its overarching benefit of carbon sequestration in soil and woody plants in grasslands/savannas that help to mitigate climate change and global warming. Shade-loving grasses that provide fodder for livestock could be planted in rangeland to ameliorate the effect of reduced herbage production.
TLC-XML: Transformer with Label Correlation for Extreme Multi-label Text Classification
Authors: Zhao Fei , Ai Qing , Li Xiangna , Wang Wenhui , Gao Qingyun , Liu Yichun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtreme multi-label text classification (XMTC) annotates related labels for unknown text from large-scale label sets. Transformer-based methods have become the dominant approach for solving the XMTC task due to their effective text representation capabilities. However, the existing Transformer-based methods fail to effectively exploit the correlation between labels in the XMTC task. To address this shortcoming, we propose a novel model called TLC-XML, i.e., a Transformer with label correlation for extreme multi-label text classification. TLC-XML comprises three modules: Partition, Matcher and Ranker. In the Partition module, we exploit the semantic and co-occurrence information of labels to construct the label correlation graph, and further partition the strongly correlated labels into the same cluster. In the Matcher module, we propose cluster correlation learning, which uses the graph convolutional network (GCN) to extract the correlation between clusters. We then introduce these valuable correlations into the classifier to match related clusters. In the Ranker module, we propose label interaction learning, which aggregates the raw label prediction with the information of the neighboring labels. The experimental results on benchmark datasets show that TLC-XML significantly outperforms state-of-the-art XMTC methods.
A Comprehensive Survey on Feature Selection with Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Alirezapour Hanie , Mansouri Najme , Mohammad Hasani Zade Behnam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent growth in data dimensions presents challenges to data mining and machine learning. A high-dimensional dataset consists of several features. Data may include irrelevant or additional features. By removing these redundant and unwanted features, the dimensions of the data can be reduced. The feature selection process eliminates a small set of relevant and important features from a large data set, reducing the size of the dataset. Multiple optimization problems can be solved using metaheuristic algorithms. Recently, the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) has attracted the attention of researchers as a swarm intelligence algorithm based on metaheuristics. An extensive review of papers on GOA-based feature selection algorithms in the years 2018–2023 is presented based on extensive research in the area of feature selection and GOA. A comparison of GOA-based feature selection methods is presented, along with evaluation strategies and simulation environments in this paper. Furthermore, this study summarizes and classifies GOA in several areas. Although many researchers have introduced their novelty in the feature selection problem, many open challenges and enhancements remain. The survey concludes with a discussion about some open research challenges and problems that require further attention.
ADMM-TGV image restoration for scientific applications with unbiased parameter choice
Authors: Zietlow Christian , Lindner Jörg K. N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImage restoration via alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) has gained large interest within the last decade. Solving standard problems of Gaussian and Poisson noise, the set of “Total Variation” (TV)-based regularizers proved to be efficient and versatile. In the last few years, the “Total Generalized Variation” (TGV) approach combined TV regularizers of different orders adaptively to better suit local regions in the image. This improved the technique significantly. The approach solved the staircase problem inherent of the first-order TV while keeping the beneficial edge preservation. The iterative minimization for the augmented Lagrangian of TGV problems requires four important parameters: two penalty parameters $${\rho }$$
ρ
and $${\eta }$$
η
and two regularization parameters $${\lambda _{0}}$$

λ
0

and $${\lambda _{1}}$$

λ
1

. The choice of penalty parameters decides on the convergence speed, and the regularization parameters decide on the impact of the respective regularizer and are determined by the noise level in the image. For scientific applications of such algorithms, an automated and thus objective method to determine these parameters is essential to receive unbiased results independent of the user. Obviously, both sets of parameters are to be well chosen to achieve optimal results, too. In this paper, a method is proposed to adaptively choose optimal $${\rho }$$
ρ
and $${\eta }$$
η
values for the iteration to converge faster, based on the primal and dual residuals arising from the optimality conditions of the augmented Lagrangian. Further, we show how to choose $${\lambda _{0}}$$

λ
0

and $${\lambda _{1}}$$

λ
1

based on the inherent noise in the image.
Lie symmetry analysis, multiple exp-function method and conservation laws for the (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation
Authors: Mbusi S. O. , Adem A. R. , Muatjetjeja B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we take into account the (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation, a nonlinear evolution partial differential equation that describes how gravity waves move across the surface of the ocean. The symmetry reductions and group invariant precise solutions are systematically determined using the Lie symmetry analysis. We derive the precise multiple wave solutions using the multiple exp-function method, and then, using the multiplier method, we give the conservation laws. The dynamics of complicated waves and their interplay are faithfully recreated by the findings.
Estimates of N accumulated below-ground by grain legumes derived using leaf or stem 15N-feeding: in search of a practical method for potential use at remote field locations
Authors: McNeill Ann M. , Unkovich Murray J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Below-ground (BG) N of N2 fixing grain legumes is an important N input to farming systems, likely underestimated as N solely in coarse roots. 15N methodology can improve measures of BG N accumulation. Our objective was to identify a 15N method for potential use at remote field sites. We hypothesised that method and frequency of 15N feeding may result in different estimates of BG N.

Methods
Glasshouse-grown grain legumes, leaf or stem fed 15N once or twice, were sampled three weeks after feed and at physiological maturity. Three BG fractions were isolated using 2 mm sieving; recovered cleaned roots>2 mm, unrecovered roots >2 mm remaining on sieve with adhering soil, and bulk soil that passed through sieve along with fine roots <2 mm. Fractions were measured for N/15N to estimate BGN. Inorganic, total soluble organic and microbial N/15N were also assessed for bulk soil.

Results
Estimates of BG N were not influenced by method or frequency of 15N feeding. Recovered root N was 33–55% of estimated plant BG N at physiological maturity. Low amounts of fed 15N detected as inorganic or soluble organic N (0.1–0.7%) and microbial biomass N (0.2–2.5%) were attributed to rhizodeposition. A large proportion of fed 15N in bulk soil (51–67%) was present as ‘insoluble’ N attributed to fine roots.

Conclusions
A single 15N stem-feeding at remote field sites should suffice to provide a measure of BG N larger than that N measured in recovered roots on a 2 mm sieve. Little evidence for direct leakage into soil labile N pools of highly labelled 15N post-feed.
Investigating demand models with more flexible elasticity functions: empirical insights from rail demand analysis
Authors: Wardman Mark 
Published: February 2024

AbstractModels of rail travel demand take one of three generic functional forms: the generalised cost (GC) function where price and the various time variables are combined into a composite term through the use of appropriate values of time; the generalised journey time and fare (GJT-Fare) approach, where the time-related variables are combined into a single term and fare remains separate; and the specification of separate elasticities for all terms, termed the separate components (SC) approach. This research extends that reported by Wardman and Toner (Transportation 47:75–108, 10.1007/s11116-017-9850-7, 2020) in exploring more flexible functional forms where appropriate parameterisation of the standard GC, GJT and SC models allows them to have more general elasticity properties. Whilst the aforementioned study discounted the standard GC approach on the grounds of inferior fit and undesirable elasticity properties, the analysis reported here, based on large datasets, finds best-fitting more flexible models to have elasticity properties that resemble those of the GC approach. Indeed, the preferred functions can deliver elasticities that are somewhat different from those of the GJT-Fare approach that has long provided the basis of official rail demand forecasts in Great Britain. In addition, the study adds to the existing evidence base by providing credible and precise elasticities for GJT and fare, and importantly for the rarely estimated GC and SC elasticities, reaffirms the need of GC models to directly estimate demand consistent values of time, and indicates that the weights currently attached to headway and interchange in formulating GJT are in need of significant amendment. Although the context is rail in Great Britain, the results have relevance to demand analysis of other modes and in other countries as well as to other transport modelling approaches.
The effects of foreign language anxiety on English word reading among Chinese students at risk of English learning difficulties
Authors: Chan Kevin , Yeung Pui-sze , Chung Kevin Kien Hoa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Foreign language anxiety has influenced reading achievement in English as a second language learning (ESL). However, less is known about how foreign language anxiety affects Chinese students learning English as L2 and the interplay between foreign language anxiety and cognitive-linguistic factors on L2 reading performance. This longitudinal study examined the impact of foreign language anxiety on English word reading and the mediating effect of cognitive-linguistic skills between foreign language anxiety and English word reading in a sample of 177 grades 2 to 3 ESL Chinese students at risk of English learning difficulties. Foreign language anxiety was assessed using parent-rated and child-rated questionnaires at T1. Students were assessed on English word reading at T1 and T2 and cognitive-linguistic skills: phonological awareness, expressive vocabulary knowledge, and working memory at T1. Path analysis showed that parent-rated foreign language anxiety significantly predicted T1 English word reading after controlling for working memory. However, child-rated foreign language anxiety did not significantly predict English word reading. Moreover, mediation analysis showed that parent-rated foreign language anxiety significantly predicted T2 English word reading through T1 English word reading and expressive vocabulary knowledge. Findings highlight the impact of foreign language anxiety on L2 word reading and suggest that mothers’ involvement in children’s ESL is essential.