bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explainable Text-Tabular Models for Predicting Mortality Risk in Companion Animals
Authors: Burton James , Farrell Sean , Moubayed Noura Al , Noble Peter-John Mäntylä 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

As interest in using machine learning models to support clinical decision-making increases, explainability is an unequivocal priority for clinicians, researchers and regulators to comprehend and trust their results. With many clinical datasets containing a range of modalities, from the free-text of clinician notes to structured tabular data entries, there is a need for frameworks capable of providing comprehensive explanation values across diverse modalities. Here, we present a multimodal masking framework to extend the reach of SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to text and tabular datasets to identify risk factors for companion animal mortality in first-opinion veterinary electronic health records (EHRs) from across the United Kingdom. The framework is designed to treat each modality consistently, ensuring uniform and consistent treatment of features and thereby fostering predictability in unimodal and multimodal contexts. We present five multimodality approaches, with the best-performing method utilising PetBERT, a language model pre-trained on a veterinary dataset. Utilising our framework, we shed light for the first time on the reasons each model makes its decision and identify the inclination of PetBERT towards a more pronounced engagement with free-text narratives compared to BERT-base's predominant emphasis on tabular data. The investigation also explores the important features on a more granular level, identifying distinct words and phrases that substantially influenced an animal's life status prediction. PetBERT showcased a heightened ability to grasp phrases associated with veterinary clinical nomenclature, signalling the productivity of additional pre-training of language models.
All-optic logical operations based on the visible-near infrared bipolar optical response
Authors: Wang Liming , You Jie , Zhang Ningning , Han Zhao , Zhang Qiancui , Huang Chao , Wang Bo , Hao Yuekai , Miao Tian , Liu Yang , Jiang Zuimin , Lin Dongdong , Zhang Yimeng , Ma Rui , Guo Hui , Hu Huiyong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The burgeoning need for extensive data processing has sparked enthusiasm for development of a novel optical logic gate platform due to the constraints of current electronic logic gates in achieving precise and rapid computations. In this study, junction field-effect phototransistors based on MoS2/Ge heterojunctions are constructed as optical logic units. This device demonstrates a positive photoresponse that is attributed to the photoconductivity effect occurring upon irradiation with visible light (< 800 nm). Under the illumination of near infrared optics with wavelengths (800-1800 nm) within the communication band, the device shows a negative photoresponse, which is associated with the interlayer exciton effect. A current state of the device can be effectively modulated as different logical states by precisely tuning the wavelength and power density of the optical devices. Within a 3×3 MoS2/Ge phototransistor array, five essentially all-optical logic gates (“AND”, “OR”, “NAND”, “NOT” and “NOR”) can be achieved in every signal unit. Furthermore, three complex all-optical logical operations (Y = A·B + C, Y = A·B + B·C + A·C and Y = A·B + C) are demonstrated by integrating two MoS2/Ge phototransistors in series. Compared to electronic designs, these all-optical logic operations based on the MoS2/Ge phototransistor offer a significant reduction in transistor number, with savings of 50-94% when implementing the abovementioned functions. These results offer valuable insights into the potential of silicon-based optical logical circuits and present opportunities for the development of photonic chips with low power consumption, high fidelity and large volumes.
Synchronous primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and multiple lung primary adenocarcinoma with pulmonary cryptococosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: YAO KE-LIN , YU ZHONG-QIANG , JIN KAI , WU JIAN-JUN , WANG LIANG 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The coexistence of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the stomach and multiple primary lung adenocarcinomas with pulmonary cryptococcosis has rarely been reported.
Case presentation:
We herein present a 75-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital due to hematemesis. Gastroscopy and imaging revealed extensive stomach wall thickening and multiple lung lesions, including nodules and cavernous lesion. The patient was diagnosed with primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma via gastroscopy and bilateral lung primary adenocarcinoma with cryptococcal infection via percutaneous CT-guided puncture biopsy. He subsequently underwent six cycles of R-CHOP regimen for gastric lymphoma, along with CT-guided radiofrequency ablation for bilateral primary lung adenocarcinoma, supplemented with antifungal therapy. After a definite diagnosis and systemic treatment, the patient was followed up for twenty-seven months with no tumor recurrence, progression or metastasis.
Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the complex combination of multiple primary malignancies and pulmonary cryptococcal infection. The diagnosis is been confusing and challenging. CT-guided needle biopsy can help achieve pathological diagnosis, elucidate the type and stage of the tumor, and even change the clinical treatment strategy, which is necessary and beneficial.
Human Cancer Risk due to Heavy Metals in Soil and its Bioaccumulation in Earthworms in Punjab Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Sarwar Aqsa , Rehman Raheela , Ahmed Zaheer , Altaf Javaria , Hussain Rabiya , Jehangir Kiran , Aziz Safia , Faisal Aqsa , Fatima Areej 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Earthworms are considered as the intestine of the soil and play a key role as ecological engineers. The earthworms along with soil were sampled from different regions of Punjab. The soil and earthworm samples were digested using standard protocol and further heavy metal analysis was done through ICP-MS in central Hi-Tech Lab Government College University Faisalabad. The pollution index, bioaccumulation factor and health risk assessment, due to heavy metal contamination, was calculated. The data were subjected to regression analysis to find the relationship between abiotic factors and heavy metals, heavy metal concentration and its bioaccumulation. The highest pollution index was due to cadmium contamination in Bahawalnagar i.e.,4.5. The pollution index of heavy metals shows a trend Cd ≥ Pb ≥ Sr ≥ Fe ≥ Cu ≥ Mn ≥ Co ≥ Cr ≥ Zn ≥ Ni ≥ Ca. The highest bioaccumulation was of Calcium recorded in the region of Faisalabad i.e., 8.18 and lowest bioaccumulation was of Nickel recorded the region of Muzaffargarh is -2.58. The bioaccumulation of other heavy metals shows a trend Mn ≥ Cu ≥ Sr ≥ Zn ≥ Co ≥ Cr ≥ Cd ≥ Fe ≥ Pb ≥ Ni. The highest average daily dose (ADD) was of cadmium through ingestion of soil in Children was found in the region Bahawalnager is 0.002. The maximum hazard quotient (HQ) of was of cadmium through ingestion of soil in children was found in Bahawalnager is 1.13. The highest carcinogenic risk (CR) was due to lead through ingestion of soil in children, was found in the region Muzaffargarh showing 3 persons per 10000 at cancer risk. Most potent impact on BAF has been found of electrical conductivity, including cadmium, followed by moisture and total dissolved solids followed by pH followed by total suspended solids. The lead has negative relationship with BAF of strontium, manganese, cobalt, chromium and cadmium. This study provides an insight regarding bioaccumulation of heavy metals and bioremediation of the soil through earthworms in Punjab Pakistan.
Preparation and properties of semi-alicyclic thermoplastic polyimide sheets with improved optical properties and good mechanical properties from stereoisomeric hydrogenated pyromellitic dianhydrides and fluorinated diamine
Authors: Qi Yuexin , He Zhibin , Han Shujun , Wang Zhenzhong , Yang Changxu , Dai Shengwei , Ren Xi , Yu Haifeng , Liu Jin-gang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Two semi-alicyclic thermoplastic polyimides (PI) have been prepared from stereoisomeric hydrogenated pyromellitic dianhydrides, including 1S,2R,4S,5R-hydrogenated pyromellitic dianhydride (ccHPMDA or H-PMDA) and 1R,2S,4S,5R-hydrogenated pyromellitic dianhydride (ctHPMDA or Hʹʹ-PMDA) and a fluorine-containing diamine, 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane (BDAF), respectively. The derived PI-1 (ccHPMDA-BDAF) and PI-2 (ctHPMDA-BDAF) resins were easily soluble in polar aprotic solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and meanwhile they also exhibited good thermoplasticities. Thus, the PI films (thickness: ~25 µm) and sheets (thickness: ~3 mm) were separately prepared from the PI solutions in DMAc and the PI powders, respectively. The stereoisomeric effects in the ccHPMDA-derived PI-1 and the ct-HPMDA-derived PI-2 apparently affected the melt-flowability of the polymers. PI-2 exhibited lower melting viscosities than that of the PI-1 counterpart. The PI sheets exhibited obviously reduced optical transparency compared with those of the PI films; however better optical transparency than those of the common thermoplastic PI sheets. For example, PI-2 sheet showed the optical transmittance value at the wavelength of 760 nm (T760) of 69.6%, which was 19.5% lower than that of the analogous PI-2 film (T760 = 89.1%), however 50.3% and 65.7% higher than those of the commercially available PI-ref1 sheet (T760 = 19.3%) derived from 3,3ʹ,4,4ʹ-oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA) and 4,4ʹ-oxydianiline (ODA) and the PI-ref2 sheet (T760 = 3.9%, Aurum® PL450C, Mitsui Chem. Co, Ltd., Japan), respectively. Meanwhile, the PI-1 and PI-2 sheets showed the heat deflection temperatures (HDT) of 261.0 oC and 265.0 oC, respectively, which were obviously higher than those of the referenced PIs. At last, the PI sheets exhibited good mechanical properties, including high flexural strength (130.0 ~ 132.0 MPa), flexural modulus (2.87 ~ 2.96 GPa), compression strength (124.4 ~ 149.3 MPa), compression modulus (1.49 ~ 1.59 GPa), and impact strength (129.0 ~ 139.6 KJ/m2).
The impact of lncRNAs MIR503HG, TTN-AS1, and FEZF1-AS1 and their association with miR-107 expression in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Abedi Zahra , Salehi Zivar , Zaersabet Mona , Sojoudi Kiana , Mashayekhi Farhad , Motamed Behrang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease characterized by insulin resistance and insulin secretion defects. Its causes are unknown, but genetic and environmental factors play a role. Obesity and insulin resistance are associated withhsa-miR-107dysregulation. Evidence suggests that several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in gene regulation of β-cells and T2DM pathogenesis. This study evaluated the association between lncRNAs andhsa-miR-107and then identified the proteins involved in T2DM usingin silicoanalyses. Three lncRNAs including MIR503HG, TTN-AS1, and FEZF1-AS1 were selected based on the research literature. In this study, 80 T2DM patients and 110 healthy individuals were recruited, and their peripheral blood was collected for biochemical measurements and RNA extraction. The expression levels of the selected lncRNAs andhsa-miR-107were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results showed that individuals with T2DM had higher levels of the lncRNAMIR503HGandTTN-AS1, while the expression ofFEZF1-AS1was lower than in the control group. Furthermore, when T2DM patients were compared to healthy individuals, there was a significant upregulation of thehsa-miR-107transcript. In conclusion, our data implicate the importance ofMIR503HG,TTN-AS1,FEZF1-AS1andhsa-miR-107expression in T2DM which might yield insight into the complex mechanisms underlying the T2DM pathogenesis.
Fetal liver CD34+ contain human immune and endothelial progenitors and mediate solid tumor rejection in NOG mice
Authors: Celhar Teja , Li Xinyi , Zhao Yunqian , Tay Hui Chien , Lee Andrea , Liew Hui Hua , Shepherdson Edwin Kunxiang , Rajarethinam Ravisankar , Fan Yiping , Mak Anselm , Chan Jerry Kok Yen , Singhal Amit , Takahashi Takeshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Transplantation of CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) into immunodeficient mice is an established method to generate humanized mice harbouring a human immune system. Different sources and methods for CD34+ isolation have been employed by various research groups, resulting in customized models that are difficult to compare. A more detailed characterization of CD34+ isolates is needed for a better understanding of engraftable hematopoietic and potentially non-hematopoietic cells. Here we have performed a direct comparison of CD34+ isolated from cord blood (CB-CD34+) or fetal liver (FL-CD34+) and their engraftment into immunocompromised NOD/Shi-scid Il2rgnull (NOG) mice.
Methods
Three separate cohorts of NOG mice were transplanted with either CB-CD34+, FL-CD34+ or FL-CD34+ depleted of CD14+ endothelial cells to generate CB-NOG, FL-NOG and FL-CD14−-NOG, respectively. After 15–20 weeks, the mice were sacrificed and human immune cell reconstitution was assessed in blood, bone marrow, spleen, lungs and liver. Liver sections were pathologically assessed upon Haematoxylin and Eosin staining. To assess the capability of allogenic tumor rejection in CB- vs FL-reconstituted mice, animals were subcutaneously engrafted with an HLA-mismatched melanoma cell line. Tumor growth was assessed by calliper measurements and a Luminex-based assay was used to compare the cytokine/chemokine profiles.
Results
We show that CB-CD34+ are a uniform population of HSPC that reconstitute NOG mice more rapidly than FL-CD34+. In addition to HSPC, FL-CD34+ isolates contain non-hematopoietic CD14+ endothelial cells that enhance the engraftment of the human immune system in FL-CD34+-transplanted NOG (FL-NOG) mice. We demonstrate that these CD14+CD34+ cells are capable of reconstituting Factor VIII-producing liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) in FL-NOG. However, CD14+CD34+ also contribute to hepatic sinusoidal dilatation and immune cell infiltration, which may culminate in a graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) pathology upon long-term engraftment. Finally, using an HLA-A mismatched CDX melanoma model, we show that FL-NOG, but not CB-NOG, can mount a graft-versus-tumor (GVT) response resulting in tumor rejection.
Conclusion
Our results highlight important phenotypical and functional differences between CB- and FL-NOG and reveal FL-NOG as a potential model to study hepatic sinusoidal dilatation and mechanisms of GVT.
Causal Relationships between IL-17C and Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis in European Populations: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Li Ya , Cai Jun , Chong Huimin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are only two of the inflammatory diseases that have been linked to IL-17C. However, it is unclear if there is a genetic link between IL-17C and developing psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In this study, the possible link between genetically predisposed IL-17C and the risk of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis was comprehensively investigated. There was no overlap in the participant populations between IL-17C and psoriasis and atopic dermatitis genome-wide association studies, which provide the genetic resources. Inverse variance weighting, often used as MR analysis, is the main method. To guarantee the accuracy of our findings, a number of sensitivity studies were carried out. MR analysis revealed that IL-17C was reported to increase the risk of psoriasis (OR = 1.15, 95%CI[1.02ཞ1.3], P = 0.02) in this study. At the same time, this study did not observe that IL-17C would increase the risk of atopic dermatitis (OR = 0.96, 95%CI [0.87ཞ1.08], P = 0.53). Under all sensitivity assessments, the results remained stable. There is evidence that IL-17C raises the risk of psoriasis, but there is no such rise in the risk of atopic dermatitis.
Respiratory outcomes of neonates born after previable premature rupture of membranes and treated with gentle ventilation
Authors: Brady Sinead , Martin Mary , Keerthy Divya , Liao Grace , Breslin Noelle , Parravicini Elvira 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective: We aim to describe neonatal respiratory outcomes following previable preterm premature rupture of membranes(PPROM) when gentle ventilation is utilized. We also report maternal morbidity and mortality.
Study Design: This is a retrospective single center cohort study of infants delivered between 2016 and 2020 that included infants born at ≥23 weeks without major congenital anomaly after a pregnancy complicated with PPROM before 23-week gestation. Statistical analysis utilized unpaired Student’s t test or Mann-Whitney U test when appropriate.
Results: 35 infants from 33 pregnancies were included. 91.4% of infants survived until discharge and 12.1% developed Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia(BPD). Those who developed BPD had significantly lower amniotic fluid levels prior to delivery(p<0.05). There was no significant maternal morbidity or mortality in this cohort.
Conclusion: This cohort had high survival and low rates of respiratory morbidities. This suggests the use of gentle ventilation might be the optimal strategy for patients born after previable PPROM.
The Usability and User Experience of an Interactive E-Learning Platform to Empower Older Adults When Using Electronic Personal Health Records: An Online Intervention Study
Authors: Perotti Luis , Stamm Oskar , Dietrich Michael , Buchem Ilona , Müller-Werdan Ursula 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Since the introduction of the electronic Personal Health Record (ePHR) in Germany in 2021, usage rates among those with statutory health insurance have remained below one percent. The patient-administered conception of the ePHR presents access barriers, particularly for older adults. This study aimed to evaluate an e-learning platform as an empowerment tool for ePHR usage, tailored toward older adults.
Methods:
In this explorative study, a micro-learning-based prototype platform for effective utilization of the ePHR was evaluated through both an online (n = 53) and a face-to-face (n = 6) intervention. The usability of the e-learning platform was measured using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and user experience with the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ).
Results:
The mean rating in the SUS was 67.9 in the online group and 70.4 in the face-to-face group. The results of the UEQ in the online group, based solely on the subscale perspicuity, were above average compared to the benchmark. There was a strong positive correlation between usability and the perception of how learning content was presented in the online group (p = <.001, r(40) = .72). An investigation of the face-to-face group helped identify key usability challenges.
Conclusion:
The results of our study suggest that aspects of the target group-oriented design of the learning platform, in particular, still need to be improved. The insights gleaned from this study will contribute to the ongoing development of the learning platform in subsequent phases. Future studies will investigate the platform’s effectiveness in empowering older adults.
Romantic relationship status during the year after traumatic brain injury in an Ecuadorian sample
Authors: Mascialino Guido , Rodríguez-Lorenzana Alberto , Paz Clara , Perrin Paul B. , Watson Jack , Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and often leads to long-lasting emotional, physical, and cognitive changes and results in reduced functioning across multiple domains. These changes often lead to strain in marital relationships, as the uninjured spouse grapples with adapting to changes in their partner.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate romantic relationship status after TBI at 6- and 12-months following injury and to identify predictor variables of these changes.
Methods
Ninety-seven TBI survivors were recruited while hospitalized at a tertiary care center in Quito, Ecuador, and followed at 6 and 12 months after their injury. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to examine baseline predictors of linear romantic relationship probability trajectories across 6 and 12 months after injury. The final set of HLMs included each of the previously significant predictors from the first model, time, and interaction terms between time and the previously significant predictor.
Results
The first HLM showed that the probability of having a romantic relationship remained stable between 6 and 12 months after TBI. Individuals who were employed at baseline had higher romantic relationship probability trajectories than did those who had been unemployed. Older individuals had higher romantic relationship probability trajectories than younger individuals did, and women had higher romantic relationship probability trajectories than men did.
Conclusions
This is the first study to examine romantic relationship probability trajectories for an Ecuadorian adult population with TBI, and the data are highly valuable for understanding post-TBI outcomes in the region. These results can inform interventions and support systems to bolster marital resilience in the aftermath of TBI. Further research is warranted to explore the nuances of these relationships and to validate these findings in diverse populations.
Evaluation of Arbitrage Behavior of Electricity Selling Companies Based on Structural Entropy Weight Method
Authors: Wang Linfeng , Wu Xiangming , Ma Guozhen , Li Hangtian , li yanmei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The evaluation of arbitrage behavior of power selling companies is a multi-attribute decision-making problem. In the process of evaluation, the main method is to collect qualitative evaluation information from experts to determine the weight of indicators and evaluate accordingly. The research on power selling companies is of great significance for regional development. Based on the basic overview of the power market, appropriate evaluation indicators are selected, with the structural entropy weight method used to assign weights to each evaluation indicator. Combined with the operating mechanism of the power market, an evaluation model is designed for the trading behavior of power selling companies. Finally, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is adopted to evaluate the model.