bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: MILD DEGRADATIONS OF SUGARS. V. PHOTOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF 1,5‐ALDONOLACTONES S FROM 2‐OXOPROPYL GLYCOSIDES
Authors: BERNASCONI C. , COTTIER L. , DESCOTES G. , REMY G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDie Oxopropylglycoside (III), (VIb), (VIII), (X) und (XII) werden,wie im Schema angegebemsynthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: A VERSATILE SYNTHESIS OF SPIROBENZYLISOQUINOLINE AND PHTHALIDEISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS. CONVERSION OF A PHTHALIDEISOQUINOLINE TO SPIROBENZYLISOQUINOLINES
Authors: NALLIAH B. C. , MACLEAN D. B. , HOLLAND H. L. , RODRIGO R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractKondensation der Phenethylamine (Ia) bzw. (Ib) mit der Phthalidcarbonsäure (II) ergibt die Amide (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb), die zu Dehydrobicucullin (IVa) bzw. Dehydrocorlumin (IVb) cyclisiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF SPIROBENZYLISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS. PART V. GENERALIZED APPROACH TO THE COMPLETE SET OF ALKALOIDS
Authors: DIME D. , MCLEAN S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPictet‐Spengler‐Reaktion des Phthalides (I) mit dem Dihydroxyphenethylamin (II) nach A) liefert die Halogenide (III), die das Gerüst von Spirobenzylisochinolin‐Alkaloiden aufweisen.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVERGENT ROUTE TO PHTHALIDEISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS VIA DIRECTED METALATION OF TERTIARY BENZAMIDES
Authors: DE SILVA S. O. , AHMAD I. , SNIECKUS V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAus dem Dimethoxybenzaldehyd (I) wird nach klassischer Meth de die Homophthalsäure (IX) dargestellt und über das Anhydrid (X) in das Bromid (X übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF INDOLE AND DIHYDROINDOLE ALKALOIDS. XVII. THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF CATHARINE AND VINAMIDINE (CATHARININE)
Authors: KUTNEY J. P. , BALSEVICH J. , WORTH B. R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAutoxidation des Cleavamins (I) gibt das Epoxid (II) und das Enamid (III); aus dem Dihydrovinblastin (IVa) oder aus Leurosin (IVb) wird durch ähnliche Oxidation Catharin (V) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL SELENIUM‐BRIDGED CYCLONUCLEOSIDE, SE2,2′‐CYCLO‐2‐SELENOCYTIDINE
Authors: WISE D. S. , TOWNSEND L. B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDas aus 2‐Seleno‐cytosin durch Silylierung mit N,O‐Bis‐(trimethylsilyl)‐acetamid und Kondensation mit 1‐O‐Acetyl‐2,3,5‐tri‐O‐benzoyl‐D‐ribofuranose/ Zinntetrachlorid in 3 l%iger Ausbeute dargestellte 2‐Seleno‐cytidin (I) liefert bei Behandlung mit 2‐Acetoxyisobutyrylchlorid und nachfolgend mit Methanol/ Salzsäure das Cycloselenocytidin (II).
ChemInform Abstract: CONSTITUENTS OF EUPHORBIACEAE. V. SYNTHESIS OF CALCIUM 5,5‐DIMETHYL‐2‐OXO‐5,6‐DIHYDRO‐2H‐PYRAN‐3,4‐DICARBOXYLATE
Authors: FALSONE G. , SPUR B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractZum Strukturbeweis der aus dem Milchsaft von Euphorbia biglandulosa isolierten Titelverbindung wird die freie Dicarbonsäure (IV) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPONENTS OF THE GREEN DEATH CUP MUSHROOM. LVI. RECYCLIZATION OF SECOPHALLOIDIN AND SECOPHALLISIN TO THE POISONOUS PARENT COMPOUNDS AND NONPOISONOUS DIASTEREOMERS
Authors: MUNEKATA E. , FAULSTICH H. , WIELAND T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDie aus Phalloidin (Ia) und Phallisin (Ib) erhältlichen Secolactone (II) werden in die Secozwitterionen (III) verwandelt.
ChemInform Abstract: DIISOBORNYLOXYALUMINUM ISOPROPOXIDE ‐ A NEW HIGHLY SELECTIVE MEERWEIN‐PONNDORF‐VERLEY REAGENT
Authors: HUTTON J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDas im Titel genannte Reagens, hergestellt aus Aluminiumisopropylat und D,L‐Isoborneol ist luftstabil und in toluolischer Lösung unbegrenzt lager fähig.
ChemInform Abstract: REDUCTION OF 6α‐ALKYL‐6β‐ISOCYANOPENICILLANATES BY TRI‐N‐BUTYLTIN HYDRIDE. A STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF 6β‐ALKYLPENICILLANATES
Authors: JOHN D. I. , THOMAS E. J. , TYRRELL N. D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDie Isonitrile (I) werden mit Trin‐butylzinnhydrid zu den Verbindungen (II) reduziert, wobei als Nebenprodukt in 15%iger Ausbeute der Heterocyclus (III) aus der entsprechenden Hydroxymethylethylverbindung (I) entsteht.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ORTHOSOMYCINS, A NEW FAMILY OF ANTIBIOTICS
Authors: WRIGHT D. E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReview: Übersicht (Als Beispiele werden beschrieben: Flambamycin; Everninomicin‐B, ‐C, ‐D, ‐2; Hygromycin B; Destomycin‐A, ‐B, ‐C; die Antibiotika SS‐56‐Cund A‐396‐I; Avilamycin‐Aund ‐C).
Cell Free Expression in Proteinosomes Prepared from Native Protein‐PNIPAAm Conjugates
Authors: Gao Mengfei , Wang Dishi , Wilsch‐Bräuninger Michaela , Leng Weihua , Schulte Jonathan , Morgner Nina , Appelhans Dietmar , Tang T‐Y. Dora 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTowards the goal of building synthetic cells from the bottom‐up, the establishment of micrometer‐sized compartments that contain and support cell free transcription and translation that couple cellular structure to function is of critical importance. Proteinosomes, formed from crosslinked cationized protein‐polymer conjugates offer a promising solution to membrane‐bound compartmentalization with an open, semi‐permeable membrane. Critically, to date, there has been no demonstration of cell free transcription and translation within water‐in‐water proteinosomes. Herein, a novel approach to generate proteinosomes that can support cell free transcription and translation is presented. This approach generates proteinosomes directly from native protein‐polymer (BSA‐PNIPAAm) conjugates. These native proteinosomes offer an excellent alternative as a synthetic cell chassis to other membrane bound compartments. Significantly, the native proteinosomes are stable under high salt conditions that enables the ability to support cell free transcription and translation and offer enhanced protein expression compared to proteinosomes prepared from traditional methodologies. Furthermore, the integration of native proteinosomes into higher order synthetic cellular architectures with membrane free compartments such as liposomes is demonstrated. The integration of bioinspired architectural elements with the central dogma is an essential building block for realizing minimal synthetic cells and is key for exploiting artificial cells in real‐world applications.
Magnetic Skyrmions Under Confinement
Authors: Monteil Antonin , Muratov Cyrill B. , Simon Theresa M. , Slastikov Valeriy V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present a variational treatment of confined magnetic skyrmions in a minimal micromagnetic model of ultrathin ferromagnetic films with interfacial Dzylashinksii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in competition with the exchange energy, with a possible addition of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Under Dirichlet boundary conditions that are motivated by the asymptotic treatment of the stray field energy in the thin film limit we prove existence of topologically non-trivial energy minimizers that concentrate on points in the domain as the DMI strength parameter tends to zero. Furthermore, we derive the leading order non-trivial term in the $$\Gamma $$
Γ
-expansion of the energy in the limit of vanishing DMI strength that allows us to completely characterize the limiting magnetization profiles and interpret them as particle-like states whose radius and position are determined by minimizing a renormalized energy functional. In particular, we show that in our setting the skyrmions are strongly repelled from the domain boundaries, which imparts them with stability that is highly desirable for applications. We provide explicit calculations of the renormalized energy for a number of basic domain geometries.
Biopsychosocial factors of quality of life in individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a scoping review
Authors: Mamman Rinni , Grewal Jasleen , Garrone Juliana Nicole , Schmidt Julia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience changes in their quality-of-life (QOL) post-injury. Given the vast literature that exists about QOL after TBI, a scoping review was performed to identify the different biopsychosocial factors that affect a person’s QOL after a moderate to severe TBI.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted using the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO. Terms relating to TBI and QOL were used.

Results
There were 7576 articles obtained from the databases, resulting in 535 full-text articles. Ultimately, 52 articles were extracted, which consisted of biopsychosocial QOL factors after TBI. The biopsychosocial factors of QOL after TBI included 19 biological factors (i.e., sex, TBI severity, cognition), 16 psychological factors (i.e., depression, self-efficacy, coping styles), and 19 social factors (i.e., employment, social participation, social support). Factors such as fatigue, self-awareness, transition, and discharge from hospitals are known issues in TBI literature but were minimally reported in studies in this review, identifying them as potential gaps in research.

Conclusion
Identifying biopsychosocial factors relating to QOL after TBI can enable health services to develop targeted rehabilitation programs for individuals with TBI.
Decisions on Non-oncology Breakthrough Therapy Designation Requests in 2017–2019
Authors: Poddar Atasi , Raggio Miranda , Concato John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The US Food and Drug Administration’s Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) program is intended to facilitate and expedite development of investigational drugs to address unmet medical needs. The objective of this study is to provide an update on FDA’s process for review of BTD requests.

Methods
We reviewed Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) decisions to grant or deny breakthrough therapy designation requests for non-oncology drugs or biological products (“drugs”) from January 1, 2017, through December 31, 2019. Data collection included characteristics of the corresponding drug and condition, reasons for granting or denying breakthrough therapy status, reasons for rescinding or withdrawing breakthrough therapy status after a request was granted (if applicable), and subsequent marketing approval status through 2022.

Results
Among 240 requests, 93 (39%) requests were granted and 147 (61%) requests were denied. Granting of requests was more common for conditions where no therapy was available or for orphan diseases. Common reasons for denial included data-related issues, insufficient treatment effect, inadequate study design, endpoint attributes, safety issues, and reliance on post hoc analyses. Among 28 drugs receiving marketing approval as of the end of 2022 for the indication for which BTD was previously granted, 21 (75%) involved a first-in-class mechanism of action.

Conclusions
This analysis describes CDER’s decision-making process related to review of requests for breakthrough therapy designations and enhances public awareness regarding efforts to expedite drug development.
Deep-learning-based natural-language-processing models to identify cardiovascular disease hospitalisations of patients with diabetes from routine visits’ text
Authors: Guazzo Alessandro , Longato Enrico , Fadini Gian Paolo , Morieri Mario Luca , Sparacino Giovanni , Di Camillo Barbara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWriting notes is the most widespread method to report clinical events. Therefore, most of the information about the disease history of a patient remains locked behind free-form text. Natural language processing (NLP) provides a solution to automatically transform free-form text into structured data. In the present work, electronic healthcare records data of patients with diabetes were used to develop deep-learning based NLP models to automatically identify, within free-form text describing routine visits, the occurrence of hospitalisations related to cardiovascular disease (CVDs), an outcome of diabetes. Four possible time windows of increasing level of expected difficulty were considered: infinite, 24 months, 12 months, and 6 months. Model performance was evaluated by means of the area under the precision recall curve, as well as precision, recall, and F1-score after thresholding. Results showed that the proposed NLP approach was successful for both the infinite and 24-month windows, while, as expected, performance deteriorated with shorter time windows. Possible clinical applications of tools based on the proposed NLP approach include the retrospective filling of medical records with respect to a patient’s CVD history for epidemiological and research purposes as well as for clinical decision making.
Quantum-aided secure deep neural network inference on real quantum computers
Authors: Yu Hanqiao , Ren Xuebin , Zhao Cong , Yang Shusen , McCann Julie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDeep neural networks (DNNs) are phenomenally successful machine learning methods broadly applied to many different disciplines. However, as complex two-party computations, DNN inference using classical cryptographic methods cannot achieve unconditional security, raising concern on security risks of DNNs’ application to sensitive data in many domains. We overcome such a weakness by introducing a quantum-aided security approach. We build a quantum scheme for unconditionally secure DNN inference based on quantum oblivious transfer with an untrusted third party. Leveraging DNN’s noise tolerance, our approach enables complex DNN inference on comparatively low-fidelity quantum systems with limited quantum capacity. We validated our method using various applications with a five-bit real quantum computer and a quantum simulator. Both theoretical analyses and experimental results demonstrate that our approach manages to operate on existing quantum computers and achieve unconditional security with a negligible accuracy loss. This may open up new possibilities of quantum security methods for deep learning.
Predicting dengue transmission rates by comparing different machine learning models with vector indices and meteorological data
Authors: Ong Song Quan , Isawasan Pradeep , Ngesom Ahmad Mohiddin Mohd , Shahar Hanipah , Lasim As’malia Md , Nair Gomesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMachine learning algorithms (ML) are receiving a lot of attention in the development of predictive models for monitoring dengue transmission rates. Previous work has focused only on specific weather variables and algorithms, and there is still a need for a model that uses more variables and algorithms that have higher performance. In this study, we use vector indices and meteorological data as predictors to develop the ML models. We trained and validated seven ML algorithms, including an ensemble ML method, and compared their performance using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) with the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy and F1 score. Our results show that an ensemble ML such as XG Boost, AdaBoost and Random Forest perform better than the logistics regression, Naïve Bayens, decision tree, and support vector machine (SVM), with XGBoost having the highest AUC, accuracy and F1 score. Analysis of the importance of the variables showed that the container index was the least important. By removing this variable, the ML models improved their performance by at least 6% in AUC and F1 score. Our result provides a framework for future studies on the use of predictive models in the development of an early warning system.
Comparison of clinical outcomes of conjunctivo-mullerectomy for varying degrees of ptosis
Authors: Pornpanich Kanograt , Shanokprasith Sunsri , Jaru-ampornpan Pimkwan , Eiamsamarng Akarawit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo compare the success of conjunctivo-mullerectomy in patients with varying degrees of ptosis and identify factors affecting outcomes and complications. The prospective cohort was studied in patients with ptosis undergoing conjunctivo-mullerectomy with or without tarsectomy were enrolled. Ptosis was classified as mild, moderate, and severe per margin-to-reflex distance 1 (MRD1). Postoperative MRD1, complications, and 3-month success rates were evaluated. The study enrolled 258 ptotic eyes of 159 patients. Most eyes (233; 90.3%) achieved surgical success, 14 (5.4%) were overcorrected, and 11 (4.3%) were undercorrected. The success rates for mild, moderate, and severe ptosis were 96.6%, 91.7%, and 83.5%, respectively. The mild and moderate ptosis groups had a nonsignificant difference in success (− 4.9%; 95% CI − 12.0% to 4.5%; P = 0.36). However, the mild and severe ptosis groups’ rates significantly differed (− 13.1%; 95% CI − 23.6% to − 1.9%; P = 0.03). For all 3 ptosis groups, the success rates of individuals undergoing surgery without tarsectomy did not significantly differ. Patients undergoing conjunctivo-mullerectomy with tarsectomy had an increased risk of unsuccessful surgery (OR 3.103; 95% CI 1.205–7.986; P = 0.019). In conclusions, Conjunctivo-mullerectomy is safe and effective for all ptosis severities. The success rate was significantly lower for severe ptosis than mild or moderate ptosis. Levator muscle function was not associated with unsuccessful outcomes, but tarsectomy was.
Highly oxidized albumin is cleared by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells via the receptors stabilin-1 and -2
Authors: Holte Christopher , Szafranska Karolina , Kruse Larissa , Simon-Santamaria Jaione , Li Ruomei , Svistounov Dmitri , McCourt Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOxidized albumin (oxHSA) is elevated in several pathological conditions, such as decompensated cirrhosis, acute on chronic liver failure and liver mediated renal failure. Patient derived oxidized albumin was previously shown to be an inflammatory mediator, and in normal serum levels of oxHSA are low. The removal from circulation of oxidized albumins is therefore likely required for maintenance of homeostasis. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) are prominent scavenger cells specialized in removal of macromolecular waste. Given that oxidized albumin is mainly cleared by the liver, we hypothesized the LSEC are the site of uptake in the liver. In vivo oxHSA was cleared rapidly by the liver and distributed to mainly the LSEC. In in vitro studies LSEC endocytosed oxHSA much more than other cell populations isolated from the liver. Furthermore, it was shown that the uptake was mediated by the stabilins, by affinity chromatography-mass spectrometry, inhibiting uptake in LSEC with other stabilin ligands and showing uptake in HEK cells overexpressing stabilin-1 or -2. oxHSA also inhibited the uptake of other stabilin ligands, and a 2-h challenge with 100 µg/mL oxHSA reduced LSEC endocytosis by 60% up to 12 h after. Thus the LSEC and their stabilins mediate clearance of highly oxidized albumin, and oxidized albumin can downregulate their endocytic capacity in turn.
Secondary Traumatic Stress and the Child Welfare Professional
Authors: Pryce Josephine G , Shackelford Kimberly K , Pryce David H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Becoming a child welfare professional should come with a warning: "beware - this may change you forever and can be dangerous." The change, however, may be good if you can learn to cope with the stress of the work and grow from the experience. Secondary Traumatic Stress and the Child Welfare Professional, a first-of-its kind book, presents the tools to help child welfare practitioners and agency managers identify and provide practical and appropriate interventions. This book is based on the authors' ten-year study of over 600 child welfare practitioners' experience with traumatic stress and child welfare.
Who are Child Welfare Workers, and What is the Cost of Losing Them?
Authors: Pryce Josephine G , Shackelford Kimberly K , Pryce David H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The problem in child welfare is that many foster children are suffering from grief and loss not only from being taken away from their parents but also from losing another important person in their lives—their child welfare worker. It is important to look at the rate of child welfare worker turnover to understand how many children and families this affects, and also to look at what effect the loss of a child welfare worker has on the child, the family, the social worker, the agency, and society. We cannot understand the high turnover rate without first looking at who be- comes a child welfare worker and then examining why anyone would continue in the child welfare field. This chapter examines in detail turnover and retention and their effects.
Psychoeducation in Mental Health
Authors: Walsh Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPsychoeducation involves educating participants about a significant challenge in living, helping participants develop social and resource supports to manage the challenge, and to develop coping skills, and ultimately, to deal with the challenge. In Psychoeducation in Mental Health, Joseph Walsh offers a clear guide to human services practitioners looking to expand their professional toolkit with psychoeducational methods. In this book, Walsh incorporates the theories and fundamental “curative” factors of all psychoeducational interventions, as well as tips for professionals to effectively educate clients and those they rely on for support. He contends that psychoeducation is about “lifestyle regularity and healthy habits, early detection of warning signs, and treatment adherence.” Here, Walsh focuses on alleviating the suffering of those with mental, emotional, and behavioral problems; people with physical health disadvantages; and people experiencing bereavement. Through his decades of experience in direct services in the field of mental health, the author is able to outline practical theories of psychoeducation for professionals in the fields of psychotherapy, counseling, and case management to help practitioners make a lasting difference in the lives of clients and their families.
An Introduction to Psychoeducation
Authors: Walsh Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe term psychoeducation describes a range of individual, family, and group interventions that are focused on educating participants about a significant challenge in living, helping participants develop social and resource supports in managing the challenge, and developing coping skills to deal with the challenge (Griffiths, 2006). Although these three elements characterize all psychoeducational strategies, particular programs may have additional goals, including reducing participants’ sense of stigma, changing participants’ cognitions with regard to an issue, identifying and exploring feelings about the issue, and developing problem-solving skills related to the issue (see exhibit 1.1).
Teaching Skills for Psychoeducation
Authors: Walsh Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo be effective psychoeducators, human service professionals must be effective teachers. Herein lies one of the paradoxes of psychoeducation: the teacher may have a depth of knowledge about a relevant topic but be unable to effectively convey that knowledge to others. It appears to be assumed in the psychoeducation literature that having knowledge qualifies one to dispense it, but this assumption is not necessarily true. Any college student will attest that some of his or her worst teachers were the professors, and some of his or her best teachers were the graduate students in training. For this reason it is important to review some essential components of effective teaching. Formal training in psychoeducation seems to be somewhat limited, as few programs offer course work in its foundations, principles, and theories. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce relevant topics related to effective teaching. There are entire textbooks devoted to each of these points, of course, so this review is brief.