bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Same-day discharge after craniotomy for brain tumor resection: enhancing patient selection through a prognostic scoring system
Authors: Levy Adam S. , Merenzon Martin A. , Bhatia Shovan , Costello Meredith C. , Di Long , Lu Victor M. , Morell Alexis A. , Daggubati Lekhaj , Shah Ashish H. , Komotar Ricardo J. , Ivan Michael E. 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
Neurosurgery, among other surgical fields, is amid a shift in patient management with enhanced recovery and same-day discharge (SDD) protocols slowly becoming more popular and feasible. While such protocols reduce the risk of nosocomial complications and improve patient satisfaction, appropriate patient selection remains an area of debate. The authors aimed to better quantify selection criteria through a prospective follow-up study of patients undergoing brain tumor resection with SDD.

METHODS
Three arms of analysis were carried out. First, clinical data of SDD patients were prospectively collected between August 2021 and August 2022. In parallel, a retrospective analysis of patients who qualified for SDD but were excluded at surgeon clinical discretion over the same period was performed. Third, a comparative analysis of the pilot and follow-up studies was done from which a clinical scoring system for patient selection was derived.

RESULTS
Over the duration of the study, 31 of 334 patients were selected for SDD while 59 qualified for SDD by previously defined criteria but were not selected at the surgeon’s discretion. There was no difference in outcomes between the two groups, and there were no postoperative complications among the SDD group within 30 days of surgery. Preoperative clinical characteristics found to be significantly different between the two cohorts (left-sided lesion, extra-axial pathology, prior treatment of brain tumor, and tumor volume ≤ 11.75 cm3) were included in a predictive scoring system for successful SDD. The scoring system was found to significantly predict high or low likelihood for successful SDD when tested on the mixed prospective cohort.

CONCLUSIONS
This study provides a straightforward clinical scoring system for appropriate selection of candidates for SDD after craniotomy for brain tumor resection. This clinical tool aims to aid clinicians in appropriate admission course selection and builds on the growing literature surrounding same-day and outpatient cranial neurosurgery.
The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocol for the perioperative management of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors/pituitary adenomas
Authors: Cossu Giulia , Belouaer Amani , Kloeckner Julie , Caliman Catalina , Agri Fabio , Daniel Roy Thomas , Gaudet John G. , Papadakis Georgios E. , Messerer Mahmoud 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal perioperative care pathway that has radically modified the management of patients in multiple surgical specialties. Until now, no ERAS Society guidelines have been formulated for the management of cranial pathologies. During the process of ERAS certification for their neurosurgical department, the authors formulated an ERAS protocol for the perioperative care of patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET), along with a compliance checklist to monitor the adherence to it and its feasibility. The authors describe the protocol and checklist and report the results, including a cost-minimization analysis, with the application of the ERAS philosophy.

METHODS
The steps that led to the development of this ERAS protocol, including items concerning the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative period, are detailed. The authors report their preliminary results through the comparison of the care practice of a historical cohort with a consecutive surgical cohort of patients with PitNET who underwent operation after the implementation of this ERAS protocol. A compliance checklist with key performance indicators was useful to monitor the adherence to the protocol and the changes in the perioperative management.

RESULTS
Following the introduction of this ERAS protocol, the authors significantly shortened the duration of the antibiotic therapy (p < 0.00001) and increased the use of mechanical (p < 0.00001) and pharmacological measures to prevent deep venous thrombosis (p = 0.002). The median length of hospital stay was significantly shorter for the ERAS group (p = 0.00014), and there was no increase in readmission rate or postoperative complications. The documentation and data tracking strongly improved in the ERAS cohort and the authors were more attentive in pain evaluation (p = 0.001), postoperative hormonal supplementation (p = 0.001) and early feeding and mobilization (p = 0.0008 and p < 0.00001, respectively). More patients were discharged on day 3 after surgery in the ERAS group (p < 0.00001). The compliance to the whole process increased from 64.2% to 89.5% (p = 0.016), and the compliance per patient was also found to have significantly increased (p < 0.00001).

CONCLUSIONS
The introduction of a standardized ERAS protocol for the perioperative management of patients with PitNET allowed the authors to improve the multidisciplinary management of these patients. With the application of simple cost-effective interventions and with the avoidance of unnecessary measures, gains were made in terms of early mobilization and feeding, thereby resulting in a shorter in-hospital stay.
The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocol for the surgical management of craniosynostosis: Lausanne experience
Authors: Belouaer Amani , Cossu Giulia , Al-Tayyari Soulayma , Bubenikova Adela , Caliman Catalina , Agri Fabio , Perez Maria-Helena , Chanez Vivianne , Boegli Yann , Mury Caroline , Daniel Roy Thomas , Messerer Mahmoud 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
Over the past decade, the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program has demonstrated its effectiveness and efficiency in improving postoperative care and enhancing recovery across various surgical fields. Preliminary results of ERAS protocol implementation in craniosynostosis surgery are presented.

METHODS
An ERAS protocol was developed and implemented for cranial pediatric neurosurgery, focusing on craniosynostosis repair. The study incorporated a pre-ERAS group consisting of a consecutive series of patients who underwent craniosynostosis repair surgery prior to the implementation of the ERAS protocol; the results were compared with a consecutive group of patients who had been prospectively collected since the introduction of the ERAS for craniosynostosis protocol. The safety, feasibility, and efficiency of the ERAS protocol in pediatric neurosurgery was evaluated, through the collection of clinical data from the pre-, intra-, and postoperative phase. Surgery-related complications were evaluated according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Costs of the stays were obtained using a microcosting approach.

RESULTS
A total of 35 pre-ERAS patients and 10 ERAS patients were included. Scaphocephaly was the most common pathology in both groups. The overall compliance with the pre-, intra-, and postoperative criteria significantly increased—from 35.5%, 64.4%, and 54.7%, respectively, in each phase to 94%, 90%, and 84% (p < 0.001). The authors noticed a reduction in the average opioid dose used per patient in the ERAS group (p = 0.004), and they observed a trend toward a decreased mean length of stay from 5.2 days in the pre-ERAS group to 4.6 days in the ERAS group, without an increase of the rate of readmission within 30 days of surgery. The rate of complications decreased but this difference was not statistically significant. The hospital costs lowered significantly: from 21,958 Confederatio Helvetica Francs (CHF) in the pre-ERAS group to 18,936 CHF in the ERAS group (p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS
The ERAS protocol represents a safe and cost-effective tool for the perioperative management of craniosynostosis. It showed its positive impact on the analgesia provided and on the reduction of in-hospital costs for these patients. ERAS protocols may thus be interesting options in the pediatric neurosurgical field.
Long-term tumor control in Koos grade IV vestibular schwannomas without the need for gross-total resection
Authors: Roethlisberger Michel , Moffa Giusi , Rychen Jonathan , Saemann Attill , Straumann Sven , Taub Ethan , Zumofen Daniel W. , Neddersen Heike , Westermann Birgit , Bodmer Daniel , Mariani Luigi 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
The modern management of patients with Koos grade IV vestibular schwannomas (VSs) aims at functional preservation and long-term tumor control. Gross-total resection (GTR) leads to optimal tumor control but frequently also results in permanent facial nerve (FN) palsy. Subtotal resection (STR) or near-total resection (NTR) followed by a wait-and-scan protocol and second-line radiation therapy (RT) in case of progressive residuals yields excellent tumor control rates with less permanent morbidity.

METHODS
The authors present the results of their prospective cohort of Koos grade IV VS patients who underwent less-than-total resection followed by a wait-and-scan protocol between January 2009 and December 2019 and discuss the latest evidence on this controversial subject. The cohort was followed up with annual clinical and volumetric outcome analyses after standardized MRI.

RESULTS
Forty-eight patients were included in the analysis. The mean extent of resection was 87% (median 91%, range 45%–100%), best fitting into the definition of STR rather than NTR. In 2 cases, the proximal portion of the FN at the brainstem could not be reliably identified and monitored during the initial operation, and a second-stage resection was necessary. At 4.4 years after surgery, 81% (39/48) of the tumor residuals regressed or were stable in size. The percentage of regressive tumor residuals increased over time. Nineteen percent (9/48) of the tumor residuals displayed volumetric progression within a mean time of 35 months (median 36 months, range 14–72 months), resulting in a Kaplan-Meier estimate for progression-free survival of 79% after 4 years; higher postoperative volume showed a linear correlation with higher volumetric progression (factor 1.96, 95% CI 1.67–2.30; p < 0.001). Thirty-four of the 48 (71%) patients continue to undergo a wait-and-scan protocol. Second-line RT was performed in 14 patients (29%) within a mean time of 25 months (median 23 months, range 5–54 months), 12 (86%) of whom responded with post-RT pseudoprogression, resulting in an overall tumor control rate of 96%. At the 4.4-year follow-up from the initial resection, 92% of the patients had a good facial outcome (House-Brackmann [HB] grade I or II), 6% had a fair facial outcome (HB grade III), and 2% had a poor facial outcome (HB grades IV–VI). So far, there has been no need for salvage surgery after RT.

CONCLUSIONS
STR followed by observation and second-line RT in cases of progression leads to good facial outcome and an excellent tumor control rate in the longer term.
Management and outcomes of pediatric traumatic brain injury in Africa: a systematic review
Authors: Gupta Nithin , Kasula Varun , Waguia Kouam Romaric , Seas Andreas , Esene Ignatius , Malomo Adefolarin O. , Shokunbi Matthew T. , Haglund Michael M. , Fuller Anthony T. , Ukachukwu Alvan-Emeka K. 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) carries a major global burden of disease; however, it is well established that patients in low- and middle-income countries, such as those in Africa, have higher mortality rates. Pediatric TBI, specifically, is a documented cause for concern as injuries to the developing brain have been shown to lead to cognitive, psychosocial, and motor problems in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reported demographics, causes, management, and outcomes of pediatric TBI in Africa.

METHODS
A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Global Index Medicus, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, and Web of Science. Various combinations of "traumatic brain injury," "head injury," "p(a)ediatric," "Africa," and country names were used. Relevant primary data published in the English language were included and subjected to a risk of bias analysis. Variables included age, sex, TBI severity, TBI cause, imaging findings, treatment, complications, and outcome.

RESULTS
After screening, 45 articles comprising 11,635 patients were included. The mean patient age was 6.48 ± 2.13 years, and 66.3% of patients were male. Of patients with reported data, mild, moderate, and severe TBIs were reported in 57.6%, 14.5%, and 27.9% of patients, respectively. Road traffic accidents were the most reported cause of pediatric TBI (50.53%) followed by falls (25.18%). Skull fractures and intracerebral contusions were the most reported imaging findings (28.32% and 16.77%, respectively). The most reported symptoms included loss of consciousness (24.4%) and motor deficits (17.1%). Surgical management was reported in 28.66% of patients, with craniotomy being the most commonly reported procedure (15.04%). Good recovery (Glasgow Outcome Scale score 5, Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended score 7–8) was reported in 47.17% of patients. Examination of the period post-2015 demonstrated increased spread in the literature regarding pediatric TBI in Africa.

CONCLUSIONS
This study provides a comprehensive overview of the literature regarding pediatric TBI in Africa and how it has evolved alongside global neurosurgical efforts. Although there has been increased involvement from various African countries in the neurosurgical literature, there remains a relative paucity of data on this subject. Standardized reporting protocols for patient care may aid in future studies seeking to synthesize data. Finally, further studies should seek to correlate the trends seen in this study, with primary epidemiological data to gain deeper insight into the disease burden of pediatric TBI in Africa.
Sarcopenia in paraspinal muscle as a risk factor of proximal junctional kyphosis and proximal junctional failure after adult spinal deformity surgery
Authors: Park Jin Seong , Cho Kyu Jung , Kim Jeong Seok , Park Sung Jun , Baek Hyeon 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF), including paraspinal muscle atrophy.

METHODS
Fifty-seven consecutive patients who underwent a long-instrumented fusion for adult spinal deformity (ASD) with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were included in the study. Patient, surgical, and radiological factors were evaluated. Muscle volume was measured using the muscle/vertebra ratio of the multifidus, erector spinae (ES), and psoas muscles, and muscle function was evaluated using the degree of fat infiltration at the L4–5 level.

RESULTS
The study included 57 consecutive patients: 25 patients in the combined PJK/PJF group (13 with PJK and 12 with PJF) and 32 in the control group (without PJK or PJF). The mean time to onset of PJK and PJF was 15.7 and 1.7 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that greater pre- and postoperative sagittal vertical axis was associated with the occurrence of PJK/PJF. ES muscle atrophy was more significant in the PJK/PJF group than in the control group, and more severe in the PJF than in the PJK group.

CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that PJF occurred much earlier than PJK after ASD surgery. Paraspinal muscle atrophy was identified as a significant risk factor for PJK and PJF, especially PJF. The possibility of PJK and PJF development should be considered when long-segment fusion is planned for patients with paraspinal muscle atrophy.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Poster & Picture Card Media in Teaching the Water Cycle to Elementary Students
Authors: Nikmah Fitria Surya  
Published: December 2023

This study explores the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of Postcard learning media in the classroom. Employing a Research and Development approach, the study utilized the ADDIE model, encompassing Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The research was conducted with 17 fifth-grade students at SDN 1 Watudandang. The study involved quantitative analysis to assess the Postcard learning method's implementation, employing a variety of data collection techniques. These included validity questionnaires from media and material experts, teacher and student response questionnaires, and pretest-posttest scores. Validity testing revealed that the Postcard learning media were rated as "very valid" by experts, with scores of 91% from material experts and 84% from media experts. Practicality assessment, based on teacher and student response questionnaires, yielded scores of 91% and 88% respectively, placing it in the "very practical" category. The effectiveness of the media was demonstrated through significant differences in student learning outcomes, as evidenced by pretest and posttest scores. The Paired Samples T Test indicated a t-count greater than the t-table, with a significance value of 0.000. Furthermore, the N-Gain score of 0.75 fell into the "high" category, suggesting that the media were "effective enough". In conclusion, the Postcard learning media proved to be both valid and practical, and sufficiently effective for educational use in teaching fifth graders, notably in enhancing their understanding of the subject matter.
Modus operandi Penitencjarii Apostolskiej w udzielaniu zwolnien z cenzur, dyspens, zamian, sanacji, umorzeń i innych łask
Authors: Nykiel Krzysztof 
Published: December 2023

W niniejszym opracowaniu Autor przedstawia modus operandi Penitencjarii Apostolskiej, Trybunału Kurii Rzymskiej, mającego kompetencje we wszystkim tym, co dotyczy forum wewnętrznego i udzielania odpustów, jako wyrazu miłosierdzia Bożego. W tym celu, po krótkim scharakteryzowaniu pojęcia forum wewnętrznego, tzn. ukrytego obszaru osobistych, duchowych relacji między Miłosiernym Bogiem a wiernym, penitentem, przedstawione zostały kompetencje Penitencjarii Apostolskiej w świetle opublikowanej w ostatnim czasie konstytucji apostolskiej Praedicate Evangelium papieża Franciszka, i następnie koncentruje się szczególnie na sześciu przestępstwach zarezerwowanych Stolicy Apostolskiej oraz na tym, jak powinien się zachować spowiednik wobec penitenta, który zaciągnął karę ekskomuniki latae sententiae. Po omówieniu sposobu postępowania Penitencjarii Apostolskiej w zakresie zwalniania z kar kościelnych, stosowna uwaga została poświęcona udzielaniu dyspens od nieprawidłowości i innych łask, odsyłając, w razie potrzeby pogłębienia wiedzy na ten temat, do publikacji podanych w załączonej do tekstu bibliografii.
Review on Gastroprotective Effect of Herbal Medicines
Authors: Soni Sakshi , Verma Vishal , Kataria Udichi 
Published: December 2023

Herbal medicines are very important to cure the various ailments of human. Demands of the herbal
medicines are increasing in both developed and under developed countries due to growing recognition of natural plants being lesser of side effect, easily available in surrounding place with low coast. Despite extensive research, the etiology ofpeptic ulcer disease remains unclear. Given the multiple processes that control acid and pepsin secretion and defense and repair of the gastroduodenal mucosa, it is likely that the cause of ulceration differs between individuals. Acid and pepsin appear to be necessary but not sufficient ingredients in the ulcerative process.. NSAIDs cause a significant number of gastric and duodenal ulcers; this is probably due to inhibition of prostaglandin production with loss of its protectiveeffects. In the absence of NSAIDs and gastrinoma, it appears that most gastric ulcers and all duodenal ulcers occur in the setting of H. pylori infection. Gastric ulcer often occurs with decreased acid-peptic activity, suggesting that mucosaldefensive impairments are more important. The combination of inflammation, protective deficiencies, and moderate amounts of acid and pepsin may be enough to induce ulceration. Many questions remain in understanding the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease. The physiology and pathophysiology of mucosal regeneration and the mechanisms by which H. pylori and inflammation disrupt normal gastroduodenal function will be fruitful areas of future investigation. In this review attempts have been made to know the antiulcer drug of natural origin with their suggestedmedicinal part.
Key Words: Peptic ulcer , H.pylori , Herbal Medicines ,NSAID’s
Electronic evidence in criminal proceedings: problematic issues of theory and practice
Authors: Fomina T. H. , Rachynskyi O. O. 
Published: December 2023

The article summarises the scientific developments regarding the concept and essence of electronic evidence and provides the author’s own definition to the concept of “electronic (digital) evidence” in criminal proceedings; examines the regulatory framework for the use of electronic (digital) evidence in criminal proceedings; analyses the investigative and judicial practice and the practice of the Supreme Court regarding the admissibility of such evidence in criminal proceedings.
It has been admitted that today the problem of regulating electronic (digital) evidence is relevant. The analysis of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine makes it possible to understand that electronic (digital) evidence has almost no legal regulation, which negatively affects the quality and effectiveness of criminal proceedings. As a result, a number of legislative contradictions arise. Unlike other procedural laws (commercial, civil and administrative), criminal procedural legislation does not contain any provisions on electronic (digital) evidence. At the same time, there are positive trends at the legislative level to recognise the need to regulate electronic (digital) evidence in criminal proceedings.
It has been determined that today there is no unified approach among scholars to understanding the concept, features and place of electronic evidence in the system of sources of evidence in criminal proceedings. It is proposed to use the term “electronic (digital) evidence” at the legislative level. This is substantiated by the fact that “electronic” indicates the type of device with which the evidence was created and stored, and “digital” refers to the type of recording the formation on the relevant device.
The analysis of investigative and judicial practice has highlighted the ambiguity in the understanding of law enforcement officers regarding the collection of electronic evidence. This issue was the subject for consideration by the judges of the Criminal Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court (in particular, the procedure for assessing electronic evidence and its admissibility was explained in the decision of the Joint Chamber of the Criminal Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court dated 29 March 2021 in case No. 554/5090/16-к).
Taking into account international experience in collecting electronic (digital) evidence allows the use of the Berkeley Protocol in criminal proceedings in Ukraine, as it is actively used by the international community and is relevant in the context of russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine.