bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial and Complete Fluid Replacement Maintains Exercise Performance in a Warm Environment Following Prolonged Cold-Water Immersion
Authors: Wheelock Courtney E. , Stooks Jocelyn , Schwob Jacqueline , Hess Hayden W. , Pryor Riana R. , Hostler David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Wheelock, CE, Stooks, J, Schwob, J, Hess, HW, Pryor, RR, and Hostler, D. Partial and complete fluid replacement maintains exercise performance in a warm environment following prolonged cold-water immersion. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): 290–296, 2024—Special warfare operators may be exposed to prolonged immersion before beginning a land-based mission. This immersion will result in substantial hypohydration because of diuresis. This study tested the hypothesis that both partial and full postimmersion rehydration would maintain performance during exercise in the heat. Seven men (23 ± 2 years; V̇o
2max: 50.8 ± 5.3 ml·kg−1·min−1) completed a control trial (CON) without prior immersion and 3 immersion (18.0°C) trials without rehydration (NO) or with partial (HALF) or full (FULL) rehydration. After immersion, subjects completed a 60-minute weighted ruck march (20.4 kg; 5.6 kph) and a 15-minute intermittent exercise protocol (iEPT) in a warm environment (30.0°C and 50.0% relative humidity). The primary outcome was distance (km) covered during the iEPT. A priori statistical significance was set to p ≤ 0.05. Immersion resulted in 2.3 ± 0.4% loss of body mass in all immersion trials (p < 0.01). Distance covered during the first 13-minute interval run portion of iEPT was reduced in the NO rehydration trial (1.59 ± 0.18 km) compared with all other conditions (CON: 1.88 ± 0.18 km, p = 0.03; HALF: 1.80 ± 0.18 km, p < 0.01; FULL: 1.86 ± 0.28 km, p = 0.01). During the final 2 minutes of the iEPT, distance in the NO rehydration trial (0.31 ± 0.07 km) was reduced compared with the FULL rehydration trial (0.37 ± 0.07 km; p < 0.01) but not compared with CON (0.35 ± 0.07 km; p = 0.09) or HALF (0.35 ± 0.07 km; p = 0.08). Both partial and full postimmersion fluid replacement maintained intermittent exercise performance and should be applied as rehydration strategies.
Competitive Season-Long Changes in Countermovement Vertical Jump Force-Time Metrics in Female Volleyball Players
Authors: Cabarkapa Damjana V. , Cabarkapa Dimitrije , Philipp Nicolas M. , Fry Andrew C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cabarkapa, DV, Cabarkapa, D, Philipp, NM, and Fry, AC. Competitive season-long changes in countermovement vertical jump force-time metrics in female volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): e72–e77, 2024—Although force plates remain one of the most widely used tools for neuromuscular performance assessment in applied sports-specific settings, there is still a lack of scientific literature focused on studying changes in countermovement vertical jump (CVJ) performance in team sports such as volleyball, especially within the female athlete population. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine season-long neuromuscular performance changes in volleyball players. Eighteen National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics Division-I collegiate female athletes performed 3 maximal-effort CVJs while standing on a uniaxial force plate system sampling at 1,000 Hz at 5 different testing timepoints throughout a competitive season span (∼11 weeks). The testing sessions were separated 2–3 weeks apart and performed at the approximately same time of the day (12:00 hours). Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed that both concentric and eccentric force-time metrics remain relatively unchanged throughout a regular season span (e.g., concentric peak force and power, eccentric impulse and duration). However, the eccentric metrics such as peak and mean power and peak velocity displayed a slight improvement after a brief tapering period purposely implemented before the post-season competition to optimize the athlete's recovery (∼15, 18, and 14% increase, respectively). In addition, the outcome metrics such as vertical jump height and reactive strength index-modified did not display notable fluctuations across the competitive season span. These findings can help coaches, sports scientists, and strength and conditioning practitioners to obtain a deeper insight into collegiate female athletes' force-time characteristics that may aid with developing adequate training regimens targeted toward optimizing on-court performance.
Optimum Design of Mixture Proportion and Microscopic Analysis of Cement-Stabilized Macadam by Rubber Powder and Fiber
Authors: Chen Gonghong , Liu An , Xu Zheng , Zhou Zhigang , Yang Pengjie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Based on the orthogonal test method, the mixture proportion design of cement-stabilized macadam (CSM) modified with rubber powder and fiber is studied. With strength and dry-shrinkage as key indices, the influence of length of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, fiber content, particle size of rubber powder, and rubber powder content on the performance of CSM is analyzed, and the optimum mixing proportion is determined. Based on this, the modification mechanism of CSM by rubber powder and fiber is further studied from a micro perspective. The results show that the 7-day unconfined compressive strength of CSM gradually increases with the increase of fiber length. With the increase of fiber content, the compressive strength shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The 7-day unconfined compressive strength of CSM gradually increases with the increase of rubber powder mesh size and linearly decreases with the increase of rubber powder content. The 28-day average dry-shrinkage coefficient of CSM shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of fiber length and fiber content, and gradually increasing with the increase of rubber powder mesh number and rubber powder content. Considering the strength and shrinkage characteristics, the optimum mixing parameters are 40 mesh rubber powder, 0.5 % rubber powder, 18-mm fiber length, and 1.2-kg/m3 fiber content. Scanning electron microscopy results show that there is a gap between the rubber powder and the cement matrix, and the interface between the two is discontinuous, with weak bonding, resulting in a decrease in the compressive strength of CSM. PVA fiber can improve the toughness of CSM. It has good adhesion with cement matrix. It forms a three-dimensional network support structure in the CSM mixture and can restrain water loss in the cement matrix, thus greatly improving the cracking resistance of CSM.
Synaptotagmin 7 sculpts short-term plasticity at a high probability synapse
Authors: Chiu Delia N. , Carter Brett C. 
Published: January 2024

Synapses with high release probability (Pr) tend to exhibit short-term synaptic depression. According to the prevailing model, this reflects the temporary depletion of release-ready vesicles after an initial action potential (AP). At the high-Prlayer 4 to layer 2/3 (L4-L2/3) synapse in rodent somatosensory cortex, short-term plasticity appears to contradict the depletion model: depression is absent at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) less than 50 ms, and develops to a maximum at ∼200 ms. To understand the mechanism(s) underlying the biphasic time course of short-term plasticity at this synapse, we used whole-cell electrophysiology and two-photon calcium imaging in acute slices from male and female juvenile mice. We tested several candidate mechanisms including neuromodulation, postsynaptic receptor desensitization, and use-dependent changes in presynaptic AP-evoked calcium. We found that, at single L4-L2/3 synapses, Prvaries as a function of ISI, giving rise to the distinctive short-term plasticity time course. Furthermore, the higher-than-expected Prat short ISIs depends on expression of synaptotagmin 7 (Syt7). Our results show that two distinct vesicle release processes summate to give rise to short-term plasticity at this synapse: i) a basal, high-Prrelease mechanism that undergoes rapid depression and recovers slowly (τ = ∼3 s); and ii) a Syt7-dependent mechanism that leads to a transient increase in Pr(τ = ∼100 ms) after the initial AP. We thus reveal how these synapses can maintain a very high probability of neurotransmission for multiple APs within a short time frame.Significance StatementRelease at single L4-L2/3 synapses violates a commonly held synaptic short-term plasticity rule. Although these synapses transmit with very high probability, they do not undergo profound short-term synaptic depression in the tens of milliseconds following an AP. Syt7 is a calcium-sensing protein important for synaptic facilitation and asynchronous release, but not previously known to play a role at high-Prsynapses. We discovered that Syt7-mediated release shapes L4-L2/3 synaptic transmission by effectively counteracting short-term depression for ∼100 ms. We thus establish a molecular basis for a form of information processing at the synaptic level: the combination of these vesicle release properties results in a notch filter, preferentially conveying both very low and very high frequency signals.
A survey of dental professionals’ opinions around the use of antibiotics in molar 3 extractions and dental implant placement
Authors: Torof Elham , Newton Edward , Morrissey Hana , Ball Patrick A. 
Published: January 2024

Aim. This survey was conducted to determine the type and frequency of antibiotics (AB) use for the prevention of infections in dental third molar (M3) extraction and implantation procedures (DIP) among UK dentists and the opinions underpinning their practice.
Methods and design. Systematic reviews of the evidence were undertaken alongside this survey of practicing dentists in the United Kingdom to identify the opinions and practices of those undertaking the procedures.
With ethical approval, a survey was designed for online delivery and was sent to every dental practitioner in the UK with a publicly available email address or social media contact. The opening page provided the project information sheet and proceeding to complete and submit the questionnaire was considered consent to participate. The online survey was circulated to 900 identified addresses and a total of 145 responses were received. Responses were collated in Microsoft® Excel™ and analyzed using IBM® SPSS™ plus thematic analysis of free text responses.
Results. There were 42% of participants (n=61) who discouraged AB prophylactic use in M3 extractions in people with no systemic conditions and who also preferred postoperative AB use when required. Where, 57.9% of respondents (n=84) supported the short-term use of ABs (5-7 days) for M3 extraction and 53% (n=77) in DIP placement in patients with no relevant medical history. As an ad hoc finding, dentists reported on the negative impact of heavy smoking and oral parafunctional behavior on DIP success.
Conclusion. The use of antibiotics and broad spectrum antibiotics remains higher than current guidelines would recommend. Further research is required to clarify the specific risks arising from underlying medical conditions to further clarify where prophylaxis is required.
Priešmokyklinio ir mokyklinio amžiaus vaikų probleminis interneto naudojimas: tėvų įsitraukimo, požiūrio į vaiko interneto naudojimą ir vaikų veiklų internete vaidmuo
Authors: Puchalska Valerija , Jusienė Roma , Breidokienė Rima 
Published: January 2024

The use of the Internet for communication, education, and entertainment has become an important part of the lives of all users, including teenagers and children. The role of parents is considered to be important to ensure children’s safe use of the Internet and to protect them from excessive involvement in online activities. The current study aimed to investigate the associations between problematic Internet use in children aged 6–14 years and their parents’ involvement in their children’s Internet use and parents’ attitudes towards their child’s Internet use. The sample consisted of 719 parents with children aged six to fourteen years (mean age 9.04 years, 55.2% of the sample were boys). Parents completed the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (Meerkerk et al., 2009) to assess their children’s problematic Internet use, and answered questions about their attitudes towards the impact of the Internet on their child’s health and relationships, their involvement in their child’s Internet use, their child’s online activities, and the time spent using screens. The data were collected as part of the research project „Long-term effects of screens on children’s physical and mental health“, in spring 2021. The results showed that children’s problematic Internet use (PIU) is related to children’s age, the total duration of screen use, online activities, and parents’ attitudes on the impact of the Internet on children’s health and relationships. In a sample of children aged 6–10 years, greater PIU was predicted by male gender, longer screen time, greater children’s involvement in online entertainment and social activities, and less favorable parental attitudes toward children’s health and relationships. Similarly, the same variables predicted PIU in 11–14-year-olds, except for social activities online. The relationships between the variables were also analyzed using structural equation modeling: models add to the results by indicating indirect associations between parental attitudes towards the Internet and children’s PIU in both age groups. In contrast, it is only in younger children that parental involvement indirectly predicts PIN.
Comparative analysis of reagent kits for DNA extraction from dry blood stains
Authors: Sedykh A. V. , Saitgalina M. A. , Ostankova Yu. V. , Totolian A. A. 
Published: January 2024

Neonatal screening is a mandatory newborn screening procedure that detects the presence of genetic diseases. Dry blood stains are used for mass screening of children. This technology is the most affordable and convenient for the transportation and storage of biological material. DNA extraction is one of the important steps in molecular diagnostics, the accuracy of which is particularly important in genetic analysis. Different DNA extraction kits offer different protocols and reagents, which may vary in efficiency and quality of extraction.The aim of our work was to perform a comparative analysis of reagent kits for DNA extraction from dried blood spots.The materials were dried blood drop samples on Guthrie cards obtained from healthy preterm infants on day 3-4 of life as part of a newborn screening program.The study methods included spectrophotometric analysis to determine the concentration and purity of DNA, the simplicity of protocols, the duration of isolation, and the possibility of automating the process were also evaluated. The efficiency of DNA isolation using different reagent kits was additionally monitored by real-time PCR results using a test system to assess the level of TREC and KREC in peripheral blood, since quantitative analysis requires more attention to the material under study.In assessing the purity of the nucleic acid extracted using four kits analyzed, successful deproteinization of DNA samples and relative purity could be observed. The average DNA purity for the “Extra-DNA-Bio” set was 2.2±0.23, for “EXTRA-prep PS” – 1.89±0.23, for “MagnoPrime UNI” with manual and automatic isolation – 2.31±0.21 and 2.85±0.09, respectively. The average DNA concentration for the Extra-DNA-Bio kit was 15.28 μg/mL, for the EXTRA-Prep PS kit it was 16.26 μg/mL, and for the MagnoPrime UNI for manual and automated isolation it was 62.5 μg/mL and 102.28 μg/mL, respectively. According to the applied Kraskell-Wallis criterion and Dunn’s test, significant differences in both TREC and KREC parameters are present between the group of DNA samples extracted using the “MagnoPrime UNI” reagent kit for manual extraction and the groups of samples extracted by other methods (“MagnoPrime UNI” for automatic extraction) or “Extra-DNA-Bio” and “EXTRA-Prep PS” kits.In the course of the present study, four comparable reagent sets demonstrated a high level of convergence of the obtained data, satisfying all the necessary parameters for further molecular genetic analysis, can be used for neonatal screening and in other areas of research requiring DNA extraction from a dried blood spots.
Expression of inhibitory receptors on peripheral blood T cells in pregnant women with preeclampsia
Authors: Smetanenko E. A. , Khonina N. A. , Leplina O. Y. , Tikhonova M. A. , Batorov E. V. , Pasman N. M. , Chernykh E. R. 
Published: January 2024

Maternal adaptation of the immune system aimed at limiting the immune response to fetal antigens is a necessary condition for a successful pregnancy. It involves various mechanisms (Th1/Th2 switching, Treg expansion, induction of anergy and apoptosis of T lymphocytes, development of T cell depletion) that are induced through the ligation of inhibitory receptors. Accordingly, the expression of inhibitory receptors on T cells, including PD-1, CTLA-4, and Tim-3 molecules, may reflect the effectiveness of immune adaptation and its impairment in pregnancy pathology. Preeclampsia (PE), the pathogenesis of which is associated with the impairments of immunological tolerance is a major complication of pregnancy. Accordingly, changes in the expression of inhibitory receptors on T cells may be biomarkers of abnormal gestation and potential therapeutic targets. The aim of this work was to study the expression of inhibitory molecules on peripheral blood T cells in women with PE. The study recruited 29 pregnant women with PE and 36 women with uncomplicated pregnancies in the second half of pregnancy. Pregnant women of the study groups were comparable in terms of gestational age, number of pregnancies and parity of childbirth. The control group consisted of 28 fertile women with children. Relative content of CD8+PD-1+, CD8+CTLA-4+, CD8+TIM-3+, CD8+PD-1+TIM-3+, CD4+PD-1+, CD4+CTLA-4+, CD4+TIM-3+, CD4+PD-1+TIM-3+T cells in blood were analyzed by flow cytometry. It has been shown that uncomplicated pregnancy is associated with increased expression of PD-1 and Tim-3 T cells, which is manifested by an increase in the relative content of CD4+Tim-3+, CD8+PD-1+ and PD-1+Tim-3+T lymphocytes . In PE, on the contrary, there is a reduction in the expression of PD-1 and Tim-3 by T cells, in particular, a decrease in the proportion of CD4+Tim-3+ and CD8+PD-1+ cells; the absence of elevated levels in PD-1+Tim-3+ cells (compared to uncomplicated gestation) and an increase in CTLA-4+ cells within CD4+ lymphocytes. Changes in the expression of inhibitory receptors are associated with the severity of PE. A decrease in CD4+Tim-3+ and CD8+PD-1+T cells is most typical for patients with moderate PE, and an increase in CD4+CTLA-4T cells for pregnant women with severe PE. The relationship between changes in the expression of inhibitory molecules and the onset of PE has also been demonstrated. A distinctive feature of early PE is a decrease in the proportion of CD8+CTLA-4+ cells and a more pronounced increase in CD4+CTLA-4+ cells, while late PE is associated with a decrease in CD4+PD-1+ cells and a more pronounced decrease in CD4+Tim-3+ cells. The results obtained indicate a changes in the expression of CTLA-4, PD-1 and Tim-3 molecules on circulating T cells in pregnant women with PE and the association of these changes with the severity and the onset of PE manifestation.
Features of the pre-analytical stage in quantitative determination of TREC/KREC in peripheral blood
Authors: Saitgalina M. A. , Ostankova Yu. V. , Sedykh A. V. , Totolian A. A. 
Published: January 2024

The use of dried blood spots (DBS) obtained from the heels of infants has many advantages over the collection of whole blood samples. DNA extracted from DBS can be used to detect genetic diseases by PCR, which has contributed to the development of population-based newborn screening worldwide. Since January 2023, the list of identified diseases includes a group of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs), associated with the absence or decrease in the levels of T and/or B lymphocytes, determined as part of screening by the levels of TREC and KREC molecules in peripheral blood, respectively. Quantitative analysis requires special attention to biological material. The aim is to evaluate the impact of the preanalytical step on the quantitative analysis of TREC/KREC levels in peripheral blood.The material included 5219 DBS obtained from infants on days 3-4 of life, as well as DBS prepared from the whole blood of 100 apparently healthy individuals aged 18 to 29 years. A comparative analysis of the TREC/KREC molecules number in correctly and incorrectly collected DBS from newborns and adults, as well as depending on the volume of applied blood, was carried out by RT-PCR using test systems to assess the levels of TREC and KREC in peripheral blood. DBS quality was assessed visually.In the first months of the project, a significant number of incorrectly taken samples were identified – over a third of all DNA maps received for each corresponding month. As a result of additional training of medical staff, the amount of incorrectly collected material decreased to a level not exceeding 1% of all monthly samples collected. When using DNA extracted from DBS with application errors, the majority of samples (64% for newborns, 78% for adults) failed to obtain a result. In the remaining cases, the results obtained were significantly lower than the normal levels of TREC/KREC determined in the same samples with correct DBS collection (all p < 0.0001, 95% CI). The volume of blood used when correctly applied to Guthrie cards did not affect the results obtained, TREC and KREC levels were comparable; when comparing the medians calculated for each group of samples, no significant differences were identified (p > 0.05).When quantitatively analyzing TREC/KREC levels in peripheral blood, correctly taken material is fundamental importance to obtain reliable indicators, primarily to exclude false-positive results. To minimize errors in the preanalytical stage, additional training of medical personnel is necessary to control and/or correct errors.
Seroprevalence of anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> antibodies in population of Azerbaijan, Iran
Authors: Leylabadlo H. E. , Hamzehzadeh S. , Sarbakhsh P. , Zoghi S. , Ghotaslou R. 
Published: January 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common infection which can lead to gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric-originated malignancies. In this study prevalence of seropositivity of each immunoglobulins against H. pylori and also, their association with sex and age were evaluated in a sample of the ordinary population from Tabriz, Iran.In this study, 3733 individuals referred to the laboratory for Para clinical tests between 2019 and 2022, participated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to detect the quantity of anti-H. pylori Immunoglobulin G (IgG), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), and Immunoglobulin A (IgA). The statistical analysis was conducted using the 20th version of SPSS software.Out of 3733 participants, 1235 (33.1%) were male and 2498 (66.9%) were female. 57.9% of the participants have positive IgG serology. Also, this index was 0.3% and 11.6% for IgM and IgA, respectively. The mean (SD) age was 40.72 (16.91). There was no significant relationship between gender and IgG and IgA positiveness (p-values = 0.11 and 0.08 respectively). For IgM, serum positiveness was higher in females (0.4% for females and 0.2% for males; p-value: 0.009). The prevalence of positive IgG was increasing significantly (p-value < 0.001). For IgM and IgA there was a significant increase in the number of seropositive individuals with an increase in age (p-value = 0.005; and < 0.001 respectively).This study reveals that the prevalence of H. pylori in Tabriz is approximately 57% which is in the range estimated to be in Iran, but in comparison to developed countries, it was higher. The prevalence of anti-H. pylori immunoglobulins increases significantly with age.