bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy and complicated familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Shimoni Y. , Shalev E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFamilial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an inherited disease, closely following the pattern of autosomal recessive inheritance. Amyloidosis is the most severe complication of the disease. The prevalence of pregnancy loss in women with FMF is considered to be high. There is no information to support the possibility of increase risk of late pregnancy complications or change in the natural course of the disease. Two cases are presented with complicated FMF. One case with proved amyloidosis and the second patient with ascites. Pregnancy and neonatal outcome were uneventful in both. No further deterioration in the systemic disease occurred.
Chronic utero‐rectal fistula with menochezia and amenorrhea
Authors: Pinto P. , Sharma L. , Kini P. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractUtero‐intestinal fistulas are commonly acute in nature and usually follow malignancies of the intestines. Here we report a chronic uterorectal fistula with uncommon symptom of cyclical rectal bleeding (menochezia) and amenorrhea.
Features of menopause and menopausal age in Nigerian women
Authors: Okonofua F.E. , Lawal A. , Bamgbose J.K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe age of menopause and the clinical features of menopause were investigated by questionnaire survey in 563 Nigerian women of Yoruba descent who have been menopausal for at least 5 years. The mean and median ages of menopause were 48.4 and 48.0 years, respectively. No relationship could be established between menopausal age and various biosocial factors such as age of menarche, social class, parity, smoking and place of residence. The commonest menopause related symptoms were joint pains and hot flush and only 42% of them still practiced sexual intercourse. These findings when compared to those from other populations indicate that there is need for more work on menopause in Nigerian women.
Conservative management of cerebellar hemorrhage in pregnancy
Authors: Kawasaki N. , Uchida T. , Yamada M. , Fukumura A. , Okamura H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of cerebellar arteriovenous malformation (AVM) during pregnancy is reported. A 26‐year‐old primigravida had cerebellar hemorrhage at 32 weeks of gestation. She was conservatively controlled until term with a good outcome accomplished by elective cesarean section. AVM in the left cerebellar hemisphere was confirmed by angiography after delivery and successfully removed. Here we present a review of AVM during pregnancy and a few case reports of cerebellar AVM‐complicated pregnancy published in available literatures.
Ectopic pregnancy in Zimbabwe
Authors: De Muylder X. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOne hundred four consecutive ectopic pregnancies were systematically analysed. During the study period, the incidence rate was 110 per 100 000 14–44 year old females per year. A history of prior pelvic infection was given by 53.8% of the cases and was suggested by surgical findings or by histological analysis among 74.9%. Serological evidence of previous chlamydial infection was much more common when ectopic pregnancy occurred in abnormal tubes than in normal tubes or compared to intrauterine pregnancies. The influence of schistosomiasis, endometriosis and ovarian cyst was limited to a very few cases. The analysis of contraceptive habits shows a much higher number of extrauterine pregnancies when the woman is using progestin‐only pill than when she is on combined oral tablets.
The variation of endometrial protein PP14 in different parts of the human endometrium
Authors: Li T.C. , Pockley G. , Bolton A.E. , Cooke I.D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe levels of the endometrial protein PP14 were shown to vary greatly in different sites in the endometrium (coefficient of variation ranged from 55% to 92%, mean = 73%). The variation was found to have no consistent pattern in the seven subjects studied and was unlikely to be the result of problems related to tissue sampling, processing or assay (intra‐assay coefficient of variation of the PP14 assay used was less than 10%). Such a large variation in results suggests that the measurement of PP14 concentration in endometrial tissue may be of limited diagnostic value.
Transvaginal color Doppler imaging for hemodynamic assessment of reproductive tract tumors
Authors: Hata K. , Makihara K. , Hata T. , Takahashi K. , Kitao M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTransvaginal color Doppler flow imaging was carried out on 68 Japanese women (normal, 10; uterine myoma, 21; cervical carcinoma, 7; endometrial carcinoma, 10; benign ovarian tumor, 12; ovarian carcinoma, 8). Blood flow velocity waveforms were evaluated by calculation of the resistance index (RI). In 6 patients with cervical carcinoma neovascularization was evident within the cervix. In all patients with endometrial carcinoma such signs were present adjacent to and/or within the endometrium. These findings were absent in normal women and in those with myomata. There was a significant difference between the RI (0.510 ± 0.097) in patients with cervical carcinoma and in normal women (0.881 ± 0.048) in the ascending branch. In endometrial carcinoma the RI (0.535 ± 0.158) was significantly lower in the arcuate artery compared to the normal uterus (0.768 ± 0.075) and patients with uterine myoma (0.679 ± 0.131), respectively. There was no area of neovascularization in the normal ovaries. Neovascularization was confirmed in four patients with a benign ovarian tumor and in all patients with an ovarian carcinoma. A significantly lower RI was obtained in cases of ovarian carcinoma (0.503 ± 0.122) than in patients with benign ovarian tumors (0.888 ± 0.216). Transvaginal color Doppler imaging and pulsed Doppler analysis may be useful diagnostic tools to differentiate benign and malignant tumors.
Ruptured uterus
Authors: Kafkas S. , Taner C.E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractUterine rupture, an important cause of maternal and fetal mortality, is still occasionally seen in our region. In this study we reviewed 41 cases of uterine rupture encountered between the years 1983 and 1988, in a total of 3962 hospital deliveries with a frequency of 1 in 96.6 deliveries. Sixteen cases (39.0%) were over 35 years old. Twenty‐five patients (60.9%) were grand multiparous (more than five pregnancies). There were no uterine ruptures in primigravid women. Ruptures were mostly (75.6%) due to cephalopelvic disproportion. Subtotal hysterectomy was the first choice of management for 35 cases. The maternal mortality rate was 7.3% while fetal mortality was 82.9%. Midwife education, regular antenatal care and hospital deliveries are important factors in prevention of this obstetric hazard.
Multiple myeloma in pregnancy
Authors: Pajor A. , Kelemen E. , Mohos Z. , Hambach J. , Váradi G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis is a report on pregnancy complicated by multiple myeloma. Severe refractory anemia was present throughout the pregnancy and multiple myeloma was diagnosed in the second trimester. The anemia ceased after delivery but recurred one year later along with other signs of disease progression. The infant remained healthy after a 2‐year follow‐up.
Pregnancy and its complications after cardiac valve replacement
Authors: Ayhan A. , Yapar E.G. , Yüce K. , Kişnişci H.A. , Nazli N. , Özmen F. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe outcome of 64 pregnancies in 40 women who conceived after cardiac valve replacement were reviewed. Fetal wastage was 53.2% (25/47) in coumarin administered pregnancies, 36.4% (4/11) using heparin and 16.7% (1/6) without anticoagulants. Two fetal malformations were noted in coumarin administered pregnancies. There were two maternal deaths. Maternal morbidity due to antenatal bleeding, atrial fibrillation, thromboembolic episodes and cardiac failure were found to be 20.0% (8/40), 17.5% (7/40), 10.0% (4/40) and 10.0% (4/40), respectively.
Fetal binocular distance as a predictor of menstrual age
Authors: Tongsong T. , Wanapirak C. , Jesadapornchai S. , Tathayathikom E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe relation between fetal binocular distance and menstrual age was determined by cross‐sectional analysis of 555 normal fetuses (14–40 weeks) using real‐time sonography. Mathematical modelling of the data demonstrated that the binocular distance growth curve, similar to the biparietal diameter, is nonlinear. Predicted binocular values at various points in gestation were comparable to the results of other investigators. Predicted menstrual age in weeks for specific binocular distance measurements in millimeters were calculated and are reported in tabular form. The variability (±2 SD) associated with predicting menstrual age from binocular distance is ±14 days between 14 and 27 weeks, but between 29 and 40 weeks the variability is ±24 days. Binocular distance can be used as an adjunct in estimating menstrual age and may be useful in the diagnosis of some abnormalities, e.g. hypotelorism or hypertelorism.
Maternal weight, weight gain during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome
Authors: Ekblad U. , Grenman S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of abnormal maternal weight or weight gain on pregnancy outcome. METHOD: Records for 191 mothers with abnormal prepregnancy weight (≥20%) above, or under, ideal body weight for height) or weight gain ≥20 kg, or ≤ 5 kg during pregnancy were reviewed. The control group ccnsisted of 166 mothers with normal prepregnancy weight and normal weight gain during pregnancy. Data on mothers and their infants were analyzed by one‐way analysis of variance. RESULTS: Obese women and mothers with excessive weight gain during pregnancy had an increased incidence of induced labor (P ≤0.05) and tendency for emergency cesarean sections during the delivery. Obese women had more large‐for‐date babies than controls (P ≤0.05). Weight gain ≤5 kg during pregnancy was most common in slightly obese women and did not carry any special obstetric or neonatal risk. Underweight women had a significant risk for delivering a small‐for‐data baby. CONCLUSION: Obese women and women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy need special follow‐up and counseling during pregnancy and delivery. Underweight women may need prepregnancy nutritional counseling to guarantee normal fetal growth. In developed countries suboptimal weight gain (≤5 kg) during pregnancy seems not to need any medical intervention.
Potential relationship between dengue fever and neural tube defects in a Northern District of India
Authors: Sharma J.B. , Gulati N. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA sudden increase in number of births of newborns with neural tube defects (NTD) was observed from June, 1989 to September, 1989 in Medical College and Hospital, Rohtak and various other government and private hospitals of the district of Rohtak. Out of a total 4785 deliveries whose records were collected, there were 87 newborns with NTD with an incidence of 18.18/1000 births which was three times higher than the previous incidence of 6.8/1000 births in the preceding 4 years. There was an epidemic of dengue fever in this area from September, 1988 to December, 1988 affecting almost one member from each family. This coincided with the period of their first trimester. Of these, 18 patients suffered clinically from dengue fever, 21 patients had positive dengue fever history in their family members, 21 patients had positive history in their neighbors. The cluster of NTD appears to be due to dengue virus infection.
Maternal morbidity in developing countries: A review and comments
Authors: Liskin L.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe incidence and prevalence of postpartum maternal morbidity in developing countries are poorly understood. Methodologic problems, such as lack of standard definitions, misclassification of illnesses, use of nonrepresentative samples, and inadequate validation for self‐reported data, tend to compromise existing studies. Available data suggest that serious acute illnesses are common, affecting as many as 20% of mothers who deliver in hospitals in some areas. Providing good antenatal and family planning services should significantly reduce acute and chronic sequelae after parturition.
Tuberculous vesico‐vaginal fistula
Authors: Ba‐Thike K. , Than‐Aye  , Nan‐Oo  
Published: April 2004

AbstractA 32‐year‐old female with a past history of pulmonary tuberculosis presenting with dribbling of urine per vaginam had a small fistulous opening in the anterior vaginal wall. Chest X‐ray showed active tuberculosis. Right hydronephrosis and hydroureter with autonephrectomy of left kidney and vesico‐vaginal fistula were demonstrated on intravenous urography. On cystoscopy, the bladder was contracted with two small fistulous openings. Cecocystoplasty and repair of fistulae were successfully done. Histology of bladder wall showed tuberculous cystitis.
Anticardiolipin antibodies in eclampsia
Authors: Arun Rao A. , Ananthakrishna N.C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwenty patients with eclampsia were studied for the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies by the standard microflocculation test (quantitative) used in the VDRL. Four out of 20 patients (20%) were positive for anticardiolipin antibodies. Anticardiolipin antibodies which are antiphospholipid antibodies by decreasing the prostacyclin production may damage the vascular endothelium and cause thrombosis in the vessels. Hence, the presence of anticardiolipin antibody in eclampsia may have association with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome described by Harris et al. (Lancet ii: 1211, 1983) and its central nervous system sequelae.
Nutritional factors and rest reduce pregnancy‐induced hypertension and pre‐eclampsia in positive roll‐over test primigravidas
Authors: Herrera J.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: The possibility of reducing pregnancy‐induced hypertension and preeclampsia in primigravidas with low doses of nutritional factors and relative rest in the left lateral position was investigated in a randomized controlled, double‐blind trial. METHOD: Seventy‐four normotensive women at 28–29 weeks' gestation, judged to be at risk of PIH or pre‐eclampsia because they presented with a mean blood pressure of 80 mmHg or higher and a positive roll‐over test, were studied. The treatment protocol was received by 37 women and the other 37 women received standard antenatal control until delivery. RESULT: Twenty‐nine (78.3%) women in the control group developed PIH and/or pre‐eclampsia, as opposed to only 4 (10.8%) cases in the treatment group (P < 0.001). There were no adverse effects of treatment in mothers or infants. CONCLUSION: This protocol reduces PIH and pre‐eclampsia in primigravidas judged to be at risk of hypertension. Further studies are required to evaluate prostacyclin and prostanglandin E2changes.
Anuric acute renal failure due to bilateral accidental ureteric ligation during abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Mate‐Kole M.O. , Yeboah E.D. , Affram R.K. , Ghosh T.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of accidental ureteric ligation causing acute anuric renal failure (AARF) at the KorleBu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Between August 1984 and December 1991. METHOD: The records and operative data of all cases managed with acute anuric renal failure at the hospital during the period were reviewed. RESULT: The 7 patients with AARF presented with mean pre‐referral anuria of 3.2 days. Total abdominal hysterectomy (4 for fibroids, 2 for carcinoma of uterus and 1 for post partum hemorrhage) was the cause of ureteric ligation. The 7 patients mean age 38.5 years were anemic (mean HB 4.1 g/dl) and uremic (mean blood urea 40.51 mmol/l) on admission. Abdominal ultrasonography was useful for diagnosis of obstructive uropathy. Hemodialysis was required in all cases prior to laparotomy and ureteroneocystostomy. The ureters were usually ligated at the distal 3 cm. Five survived ureteroneocystostomy and 2 died before laparatomy from septicemia and/or pulmonary edema. CONCLUSION: Abdominal hysterectomy is a major cause of anuric acute renal failure and early recognition and treatment prevents death.
Cervical human papilloma virus infection of women attending social hygiene clinics in Hong Kong
Authors: Ngan H.Y.S. , Collins R.J. , Wong K.Y. , Cheung A. , Lai C.F. , Liu Y.T. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To find the prevalence of HPV infection in women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Hong Kong. METHOD: Cervical HPV infection was identified by cervical cytology and DNA filter in situ‐hybridization (Virapap™) techniques in 207 women attending a social hygiene clinic. Other risk factors for cervical cancer were assessed and any association with HPV infection was sought. Statistical analysis was carried out using the χ2‐test. RESULT: The prevalence of HPV infection in the 207 Chinese women was 8.2% by cervical smear and 12.6% by DNA filter in‐situ‐hybridization. Risk factors for cervical cancer were not significantly associated with HPV infection in this group, 95% of whom were prostitutes. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HPV infection in this group at high risk for cervical cancer is higher than in low‐risk pregnant women, however the prevalence of HPV infection in Hong Kong is at the low end of the range of figures quoted for Caucasians. The cause of such a low prevalence is yet to be determined.
Influence of labor and route of delivery on the frequency of respiratory morbidity in term neonates
Authors: Hales K.A. , Morgan M.A. , Thurnau G.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to compare the frequency of respiratory morbidity (RDS‐Type I, RDS‐Type II and PFC) in term neonates relative to three different delivery modes (cesarean delivery without labor, cesarean in labor, vaginal delivery). METHODS: A case‐control study was performed consisting of 692 maternal/neonate pairs at term gestation with either a documented mature lung profile at an obstetrical age ≥37 weeks' gestation or a Dubowitz age ≥ 38 weeks' gestation. RESULTS: Overall, the frequency of neonatal respiratory morbidity was 5.1%. Neonatal respiratory morbidity was observed in 23 (12.4%) of 186 cases when cesarean delivery was performed prior to the onset of labor; in 10 (5.6%) of 177 cases when the cesarean delivery was performed after labor had ensued; and in 2 (0.6%) of 329 cases when the fetus was delivered vaginally (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The frequency of respiratory morbidity in term neonates is influenced by labor and route of delivery, and it is highest when cesarean delivery is performed prior to the onset of labor.
Institutional maternal mortality in Mali
Authors: Mallé D. , Ross D.A. , Campbell O.M.R. , Huttly S.R.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjectives: To measure the institutional maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in Mali and suggest ways to reduce it. Methods: Routinely recorded data from 24 health institutions in three regions were reviewed for 1988 to 1992. Results: The overall MMR in the institutions was 201 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births. Hemorrhage, toxemia and infections accounted for 80% of the 360 recorded maternal deaths, almost all of which were preventable. The main reasons why these conditions result in death lie in poor quality and maldistribution of health services, lack of transport and late use of allopathic services. Conclusions: Maternal mortality is still a major public health problem in Mali, even among the small proportion of women who reach health facilities. Substantial new initiatives are urgently needed to reduce this major cause of preventable adult female mortality.
Preterm breech delivery in a developing country
Authors: Malhotra D. , Gopalan S. , Narang A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVES: To determine if cesarean section offers any advantage over vaginal delivery for a preterm breech fetus in a developing country. METHODS: A retrospective analysis from hospital records was done at a tertiary care center in North India. Two hundred and twenty‐four preterm breech deliveries (28–36 completed weeks) between January 1988 and December 1991 from a total of 13 149 deliveries at the hospital during this period formed the study group. Fetal death and lethal congenital malformations diagnosed antepartum were excluded. Intrapartum and neonatal morbidity and mortality in vaginal versus cesarean deliveries were the main outcome measures. RESULTS: Although the combined intrapartum and neonatal mortality was significantly higher for vaginal delivery (35.9% vs. 17.7%), there was no significant difference when the data was correlated with birthweight or gestational age. The neonatal morbidity was also similar in both these groups. In women with a poor obstetric history, the neonatal survival was better in the cesarean group (93% vs. 43%; P = 0.0004). CONCLUSION: Even with optimum neonatal care facilities, cesarean section does not offer any advantage over vaginal delivery for a preterm breech fetus in a developing country. The present study does not advocate the routine use of cesarean section for this group of fetuses. However, it is the preferred route of delivery for women with a poor obstetric history.
The influence of a return to school on the long‐term adjustment of school refusers
Authors: Valles Enrique , Oddy Michael 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThere is currently a strong emphasis on an early return to school in the management of school refusers. However, many of the studies in this area show a certain similarity in that the efficacy of treatment is measured by the disappearance of school avoidance rather than the long‐term adjustment of the child. Very few studies have followed the school refuser into adulthood and even fewer have looked at the prognostic implications of a return to school.This paper reports a study of 34 young people all of whom had been admitted to an in‐patient adolescent unit because of school refusal. Half had returned to school and the other half had never done so. The influence of this return on their emotional and social adjustment in young adulthood was assessed.
Beggary in West Africa
Authors: D'Hondt Walter , Vandewiele Michel 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWesterners visiting Africa for the first time are often surprized—if not shocked—at the large number of beggars in the streets and the relative ease with which people solicit or give help although pure adherents of Islam are in favour of restricting beggary. A first reason for this is that most West African societies are deeply Islamized and that begging is a characteristic feature of Islamic societies. But a closer look at the traditional structures shows that the ancestral principle of mutual solidarity is also at the basis of most people's attitude. However, the increasing number of beggars and forms of begging have turned the phenomenon into a national concern. Senegalese novelists and film‐makers, even Senegalese members of the Parliament often engage in debates about that national plague and what to do about it. This paper analyzes the various motives for begging and giving alms and discusses youth's attitude towards the issue. Its tentative conclusion is that despite the overall acceptance of the phenomenon for religious reasons—a position of principle—there are clear indications of an increasingly critical attitude towards begging.