bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between a lifestyle score and all-cause mortality: a prospective analysis of the Chilean National Health Survey 2009–2010
Authors: Petermann-Rocha Fanny , Diaz-Toro Felipe , Troncoso-Pantoja Claudia , Martínez-Sanguinetti María Adela , Leiva-Ordoñez Ana María , Nazar Gabriela , Concha-Cisternas Yeny , Díaz Martínez Ximena , Lanuza Fabian , Carrasco-Marín Fernanda , Martorell Miquel , Ramírez-Alarcón Karina , Labraña Ana María , Parra-Soto Solange , Villagran Marcelo , Lasserre-Laso Nicole , Cigarroa Igor , Mardones Lorena , Vásquez-Gómez Jaime , Celis-Morales Carlos A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To investigate the association between a lifestyle score and all-cause mortality in the Chilean population.

Design:
Prospective study.

Settings:
The score was based on seven modifiable behaviours: salt intake, fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol consumption, sleep duration, smoking, physical activity and sedentary behaviours. 1-point was assigned for each healthy recommendation. Points were summed to create an unweighted score from 0 (less healthy) to 7 (healthiest). According to their score, participants were then classified into: less healthy (0–2 points), moderately healthy (3–4 points) and the healthiest (5–7 points). Associations between the categories of lifestyle score and all-cause mortality were investigated using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for confounders. Nonlinear associations were also investigated.

Participants:
2706 participants from the Chilean National Health Survey 2009–2010.

Results:
After a median follow-up of 10·9 years, 286 (10·6 %) participants died. In the maximally adjusted model, and compared with the healthiest participants, those less healthy had 2·55 (95 % CI 1·75, 3·71) times higher mortality risk due to any cause. Similar trends were identified for the moderately healthy group. Moreover, there was a significant trend towards increasing the mortality risk when increasing unhealthy behaviours (hazard ratio model 3: 1·61 (95 % CI 1·34, 1·94)). There was no evidence of nonlinearity between the lifestyle score and all-cause mortality.

Conclusion:
Individuals in the less healthy lifestyle category had higher mortality risk than the healthiest group. Therefore, public health strategies should be implemented to promote adherence to a healthy lifestyle across the Chilean population.
A compact and fully integrated $\text{0.48}\,\text{THz}$ FMCW radar transceiver combined with a dielectric lens
Authors: Starke David , Bott Jonathan , Vogelsang Florian , Sievert Benedikt , Barowski Jan , Schulz Christian , Rücker Holger , Rennings Andreas , Erni Daniel , Rolfes Ilona , Pohl Nils 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectronic measurement systems in the THz frequency range are often bulky and expensive devices. While some compact single-chip systems operating in the high millimeter-wave frequency range have recently been published, compact measurement systems in the low THz frequency range are still rare. The emergence of new silicon-germanium (SiGe) semiconductor technologies allow the integration of system components, like oscillators, frequency multipliers, frequency dividers, and antennas, operating in the low THz frequency range, into a compact monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC), which contains most components to implement a low-cost and compact frequency-modulated continuous-wave-radar transceiver. This article presents a single transceiver solution containing all necessary components. It introduces a $0.48\,\mathrm{THz}$ radar transceiver MMIC with a tuning range of $43\,\mathrm{GHz}$ and an output power of up to $-9.4\,\mathrm{dBm}$ in the SG13G3 $130\,\mathrm{nm}$ SiGe technology by IHP. The MMIC is complemented by a dielectric lens antenna design consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, providing up to $39.3\,\mathrm d\mathrm B\mathrm i$ of directivity and half-power beam widths of 0.95∘ in transmit and receive direction. The suppression of clutter from unwanted targets deviating from antenna boresight more than 6∘ is higher than $24.6\,\mathrm d \mathrm B$ in E- and H-Plane.
Einsatz von Demonstrationsvideos zur Psychotherapie im Psychologiestudium
Authors: Hannse Christin , Drückler Annika , Kröger Christoph 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Demonstrationsvideos (DVs) mit Simulationspatient_innen sind eine innovative Lehrmethode. Fragestellung: Eignen sich DVs für die Lehre verschiedener Psychotherapieverfahren im Bachelorstudium Psychologie und als Klausurvorbereitung? Methode: In einer Pilotstudie wurde Studierenden je ein DV zur tiefenpsychologischen, gesprächspsychotherapeutischen, verhaltenstherapeutischen und systemischen Therapie nach der dazugehörigen Vorlesung gezeigt. Das Abschneiden der Studierenden in verfahrensspezifischen Klausurfragen wurde mit den Ergebnissen aus dem Vorjahr verglichen. In einer zweiten, randomisiert-kontrollierten Studie (RCT) wurden dieselben DVs im Vergleich zu Lehrbuchtexten nach der Vorlesung eingesetzt. Anschließend beantworteten die Studierenden Fragen zu verfahrensspezifischem Wissen und bewerteten verfahrensspezifische Merkmale. Ergebnisse: In der Pilotstudie schnitt die Studierendengruppe mit DVs ( n = 59) in Klausurfragen besser ab als die Gruppe aus dem Vorjahr ohne DVs ( n = 65). In der RCT ( n = 43 – 53) konnte die Videogruppe die Wissensabfrage zur Tiefenpsychologie und Verhaltenstherapie besser beantworten. Verfahrensspezifische Merkmale wurden teilweise erkannt. Schlussfolgerungen: DVs sind eine vielversprechende Lehrmethode, jedoch Lehrbuchtexten nicht immer überlegen.
Evaluating the Representation of Tropical Stratocumulus and Shallow Cumulus Clouds As Well As Their Radiative Effects in CMIP6 Models Using Satellite Observations
Authors: Črnivec Nina , Cesana Grégory , Pincus Robert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLow clouds over tropical oceans reflect a great proportion of solar radiation back to space and thereby cool the Earth, yet this phenomenon has been poorly simulated in several previous generations of climate models. The principal aim of the present study is to employ satellite observations to evaluate the representation of marine tropical low clouds and their radiative effect at the top of the atmosphere in a subset of latest climate models participating in CMIP6. We strive for regime‐oriented model validation and hence introduce a qualitative approach to discriminate stratocumulus (Sc) from shallow cumulus (Cu). The novel Sc‐Cu categorization has a conceptual advantage of being based on cloud properties, rather than relying on a model response to a cloud‐controlling factor. We find that CMIP6 models underestimate low‐cloud cover in both Sc‐regions and Cu‐regions of tropical oceans. A more detailed investigation of cloud biases reveals that most CMIP6 models underestimate the relative frequency of occurrence (RFO) of Sc and overestimate RFO of Cu. We further demonstrate that tropical low cloudiness in CMIP6 models remains too bright. The regime‐oriented validation represents the basis for improving parameterizations of physical processes that determine the cloud cover and radiative impact of Sc and Cu, which are still misrepresented in current climate models.
Evaluating Mesoscale Convective Systems Over the US in Conventional and Multiscale Modeling Framework Configurations of E3SMv1
Authors: Hsu Wei‐Ching , Kooperman Gabriel J. , Hannah Walter M. , Reed Kevin A. , Akinsanola Akintomide A. , Pendergrass Angeline G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrganized mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) contribute a significant amount of precipitation in the Central and Eastern US during spring and summer, which impacts the availability of freshwater and flooding events. However, current global Earth system models cannot capture MCSs well and misrepresent the statistics of precipitation in the region. In this study, we investigate the representation of MCSs in three configurations of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SMv1) by tracking individual storms based on outgoing longwave radiation using a new application of TempestExtremes. Our results indicate that conventional parameterizations of convection, implemented in both low (LR; ∼150 km) and high (HR; ∼25 km) resolution configurations, fail to capture almost all MCS‐like events, in‐part because they underestimate high‐level cloud ice associated with deep convection. On the other hand, the multiscale modeling framework (MMF; cloud‐resolving models embedded in each grid‐column of ∼150 km resolution E3SMv1) configuration represents MCSs and their annual cycle better. Nevertheless, relative to observations, the E3SMv1‐MMF spatial distribution of MCSs and associated precipitation is shifted eastward, and the diurnal timing is lagged. A comparison between the large‐scale environment in E3SMv1‐MMF and ERA5 reanalysis suggests that the biases during the summer in E3SMv1‐MMF are associated with biases in low‐level humidity and meridional moisture transport within the low‐level jet. The fact that conventional parameterizations of convection, even with high‐resolution, cannot capture MCSs over the US suggests that methods with explicit representation of kilometer‐scale convective organization, such as the MMF, may be necessary for improving the simulation of these convective systems.
Spatial–temporal evolution of soil gas Rn before two Ms ≥ 5.0 earthquakes in the mid-eastern of the Qilian fault zone (QLF)
Authors: Zhou Huiling , Wan Yue , Su Hejun , Li Chenhua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe mid-eastern segment of the Qilianshan fault zone (QLF) on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is considered one of the key seismic hazard areas. The Zhangye Ms5.0 earthquake and Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake are the two Ms ≥ 5.0 earthquakes in recent years. The spatio-temporal evolution of Rn across the fault before the two Ms ≥ 5.0 earthquakes were explored by combining a solid seismogenic model and numerical simulation results in this study. The results demonstrates the spatial distribution of Rn concentration intensity varies over time, indicating the evolving characteristics of fracture zone activity. The time-series variation characteristics are closely related the Zhangye Ms5.0 earthquake and Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake. Overall, in the seismic source area and surrounding medium area of Zhangye Ms5.0 earthquake, the soil gas Rn anomaly across faults characterized by a turning upward trend after continuous decline. The closer to the source area, the more obvious the upward trend. For Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake, the survey line (HT1) located in the main fracture zone of the earthquake and the survey line (HT7,30km from the epicenter) closer to the epicenter also showed a similar trend, while the other measurement lines in far-field exhibit declining trend before the Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake. Therefore, the continuous decline trend of soil gas may be crucial information for medium-term earthquake preparation in the seismogenic zone, and the trend of turning upward after continuous decline is a significant signal of short-term seismogenic event in far-field. This research could improve the understanding of the anomalous features of soil gas precursors and tracking the active sections of the fault. According to the model, the earthquake area canseismic source area, the surrounding medium area be divided into three sections: the seismic source area, the surrounding medium area, and the fracture fragmentation area.
The interaction of mast cells with membranes from lung cancer cells induces the release of extracellular vesicles with a unique miRNA signature
Authors: Shemesh Rachel , Laufer-Geva Smadar , Gorzalczany Yaara , Anoze Alaa , Sagi-Eisenberg Ronit , Peled Nir , Roisman Laila C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMast cells (MCs) are immune cells that play roles in both normal and abnormal processes. They have been linked to tumor progression in several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the exact role of MCs in NSCLC is still unclear. Some studies have shown that the presence of a large number of MCs is associated with poor prognosis, while others have suggested that MCs have protective effects. To better understand the role of MCs in NSCLC, we aimed to identify the initial mechanisms underlying the communication between MCs and lung cancer cells. Here, we recapitulated cell-to-cell contact by exposing MCs to membranes derived from lung cancer cells and confirming their activation, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of the ERK and AKT kinases. Profiling of the microRNAs that were selectively enriched in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by the lung cancer-activated MCs revealed that they contained significantly increased amounts of miR-100-5p and miR-125b, two protumorigenic miRNAs. We explored the pathways regulated by these miRNAs via enrichment analysis using the KEGG database, demonstrating that these two miRNAs regulate p53 signaling, cancer pathways, and pathways associated with apoptosis and the cell cycle.
Novel method of building train and test sets for evaluation of machine learning models related to software bugs assignment
Authors: Chmielowski Lukasz , Kucharzak Michal , Burduk Robert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNowadays many tools are in use in processes related to handling bug reports, feature requests, supporting questions or similar related issues which should be handled during software development or maintenance. Part of them use machine learning techniques. In introduction is presented a review of fundamental methods used for evaluation of machine learning models. This paper points out weak points of currently used metrics for evaluation in specific context of the cases related to software development especially bug reports. The disadvantages of state of the art are related to disregarding time dependencies which are important to be applied for creating train and test sets as they may have impact on results. Extensive research of the art has been conducted and has not been found any article with the use of time dependencies for evaluation of machine learning models in the context of works related to software development applications like machine learning solutions to supporting bug tracking systems. This paper introduces a novel solution which is devoid of these drawbacks. Experimental research showed the effectiveness of the introduced method and significantly different results obtained compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
A two‐stage scheduling model for urban distribution network resilience enhancement in ice storms
Authors: Zhao Yuheng , Wan Can , Wang Chong , Wang Naiyu , Deng Ruilong , Li Binbin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a two‐stage stochastic scheduling model for urban distribution network resilience enhancement against ice storms, which coordinates mobile deicing equipment routing and distributed energy resources dispatching. An improved line ice thickness prediction model and a photovoltaic power generation prediction method in accordance with conditional generative adversarial networks are proposed to provide data boundaries for scheduling strategy. Facing the uncertainty of line failure, a two‐stage scenario‐based distribution network optimization model is established. At first stage, the mobile deicing equipment routing strategy is decided to mitigate the impact caused by ice storms. The Monte‐Carlo simulation method is introduced to describe the uncertainty of line failure due to ice acceleration. For the second stage, based on the results of photovoltaic forecasting and possible distribution line failure scenario generated by Monte‐Carlo simulation method, the optimal distributed energy resources dispatching strategy can be obtained through the mixed integer programming. The proposed model is simplified to a mixed integer linear programming model that can be solved by a commercial solver. The test results on the modified IEEE 33‐node system and modified 69‐node system demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively improve the resilience performance of urban distribution network under ice storms.
A Tale of Two Civil Religions: Ritual, Transcendence, and the Crisis of Meaning in American Politics
Authors: Fordahl Clayton 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article does three things to advance the study of civil religion and American society. First, it identifies and examines a conceptual cleavage between the initial use of civil religion (deistic civil religion) and a later adaptation (Durkheimian civil religion), both of which offer distinct liberal-humanistic alternatives to how aspects of traditional religion might be used in contemporary, secular-modern political life. Second, it measures these two civil religions to assess the relative place of each in American public life. This reveals a puzzle: while the original, deistic conception of civil religion demonstrates a persistent presence in American public life, the later, the Durkheimian version of civil religion, is less vital and more polarized. The third portion of this article presents one explanation for this puzzle. This article argues that the story of the two civil religions demonstrates the ways in which modern political theories have fallen short in their goal of replicating the functions of traditional religion.
Functional Independence of Children With Arthrogryposis
Authors: Hyer Lauren C. , Shull Emily R. , Wagner Lisa V. , Westberry David E. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Arthrogryposis (AMC) is a descriptive term to characterize a child born with multiple joint contractures. Treatment aims to improve functional independence, yet the literature objectively describing functional independence in this population is scarce. This study aimed to describe the functional independence of children with AMC through the lens of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) and observational activities of daily living (ADL) tasks.

Methods:
Patients with AMC between the ages of 3 and 12 years participated in this prospective study. Parents completed the PEDI-CAT while a trained occupational therapist observed children as they completed a checklist of functional ADL tasks. Patients were grouped according to developmental age groups: “preschoolers” (3 to 5 y), “early school-age” (6 to 9 y), and “late school-age” (10 to 12 y). Patient’s PEDI-CAT normative scores were described, comparing the study population to typically developing children, and differences in each domain were examined between developmental age groups. The observed ADL tasks completed were also described, and differences in scores were examined between developmental age groups.

Results:
Forty-four patients (mean age of 7±2.86 y) were enrolled. The distribution between age groups was nearly even. Mean daily activities T-score for patients with AMC was 25.80±11.98 and the mean mobility T-score was 17.39±9.77. Late school-age children scored significantly lower than preschool-age children in both of these domains (P<0.01). Observed ADL tasks demonstrated a high level of required assistance for patients (range: 27.3% to 61.4%), although older school-age children did show greater independence with tested activities than preschool-age children (P=0.05).

Conclusion:
Children with AMC are significantly limited in functional independence, particularly regarding age-appropriate daily activities and mobility. Outcomes from this study provide a reference to help gauge the results of nonoperative and surgical treatment toward improving functional independence in this population.

Level of Evidence:
Level III: prognostic study.
Delayed sleep wake phase disorder in adolescents: an updated review
Authors: Narala Bhavya , Ahsan Muhammad , Ednick Mathew , Kier Catherine 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
This review examines the most common circadian rhythm disorder in adolescents, delayed sleep phase disorder. It explores the etiology, prevalence, clinical features, diagnostic tools and criteria, and treatment options to identify sleep disorders early in the course. This is important to help improve youths in terms of education and quality of life.

Recent findings
Recent studies indicate that delayed sleep wake phase disorder has a range of prevalence between 1% and 16%. It is often associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (i.e. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder) as well as psychopathology (i.e. substance use, anxiety, and depression). It can present with a myriad of symptoms, such as insomnia, restless sleep, and poor daytime cognitive function, often seen in pediatric practice. Important diagnostic measures incorporate history-taking, sleep logs, actigraphy (i.e. Apple watches) and measurement of dim light melatonin onset. Treatments include improved sleep hygiene, chronotherapy, exogenous melatonin administration, and bright light therapy.

Summary
There are many environmental and genetic factors that can predispose an individual to circadian rhythm disorders. Delayed sleep phase disorder has detrimental effects on overall health, cognition, and behavior. It is important to screen for this disorder in routine pediatric clinic visits. The goal of early intervention is to prevent health and behavioral complications and treat adolescents using a multimodal approach, especially those with affective/neurodevelopmental conditions, who are prone to having delayed sleep wake phase disorder.
DPA714 PET Imaging Shows That Inflammation of the Choroid Plexus Is Active in Chronic-Phase Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Yao Shaobo , Gao Zhuyu , Fang Wenhua , Fu Ying , Xue Qianqian , Lai Tianmin , Shangguan Huangcheng , Sun Weiwei , Lin Yuanxiang , Lin Fuxin , Kang Dezhi 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Our aims were to investigate the presence of choroid plexus (CP) inflammation in chronic-phase intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients and to characterize any inflammatory cells in the CP.

Patients and Methods
An in vivo 18F-DPA714 PET study was undertaken in 22 chronic-phase ICH patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University or Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from April 2017 to June 2020. Ten control participants with nonhemorrhagic central nervous system diseases were included. Choroid plexus 18F-DPA714 uptake was calculated as the average SUVR. To aid the interpretation of the 18F-DPA714 uptake results at the CP level, Cy5-DPA714 in vivo imaging and immunofluorescence staining were used to show the presence of CP inflammation in an ICH mouse model during the chronic phase (14 weeks after ICH). Then immunofluorescence staining against translocator protein and other specific biomarkers was used to characterize the cells present in the inflamed CP of ICH mice in the chronic phase.

Results
PET imaging showed that CP DPA714 SUVRs in chronic-phase ICH patients were higher than in controls (mean CP SUVR ± SD; ICH group: 1.05 ± 0.35; control group: 0.81 ± 0.21; P = 0.006). Immunofluorescence staining of the CP in ICH model mice identified a population of CD45+ immune cells, peripheral monocyte-derived CD14+ cells, CD68+ phagocytes, and CD11b+ resident microglia/macrophages expressing translocator protein, possibly contributing to the increased 18F-DPA714 uptake.

Conclusions
Our study shows that CP DPA714 uptake in chronic-phase ICH patients was higher than that of participants with nonhemorrhagic central nervous system diseases, which means that CP inflammation is still active in chronic-phase ICH patients.