bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate social responsibility in Indian banking sector: A moderated‐mediation approach linking corporate social responsibility to purchase intention
Authors: Hurrah Shabir Ahmad , Dar Arsheed Ahmad , Gulzar Ishfaq 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to empirically examine the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices on the purchase intention of Indian banking customers. It also investigates the conditional indirect effect on purchase intention via customer trust. The data were collected using a questionnaire from 324 customers having bank accounts either in state bank of India or housing development finance corporation Bank. Conformity factor analysis was used to assure the reliability and validity of all constructs; structural equation modeling was used to testify the proposed hypotheses. This study reveals important findings first, CSR practices have a significant effect on purchase intention and customer trust; second, CSR awareness significantly moderates CSR and purchase intention relationship; and finally, the relationship between CSR and purchase intention (PI) via customer trust (CT) is significant using moderated mediation model. This study has been carried out using a sample of customers from the service industry, that is, state bank of India and housing development finance corporation banks. Similar analyses can also be conducted in other sectors of the economy. This study adds to the scarce literature on moderating role of corporate social responsibility awareness and the conditional indirect effect of CSR on purchase intention through customer trust.
Reasoning and causal inference regarding surgical options for patients with low‐grade gliomas using machine learning: A SEER‐based study
Authors: Zhu Enzhao , Shi Weizhong , Chen Zhihao , Wang Jiayi , Ai Pu , Wang Xiao , Zhu Min , Xu Ziqin , Xu Lingxiao , Sun Xueyi , Liu Jingyu , Xu Xuetong , Shan Dan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDue to the heterogeneity of low‐grade gliomas (LGGs), the lack of randomized control trials, and strong clinical evidence, the effect of the extent of resection (EOR) is currently controversial.AimTo determine the best choice between subtotal resection (STR) and gross‐total resection (GTR) for individual patients and to identify features that are potentially relevant to treatment heterogeneity.MethodsPatients were enrolled from the SEER database. We used a novel DL approach to make treatment recommendations for patients with LGG. We also made causal inference of the average treatment effect (ATE) of GTR compared with STR.ResultsThe patients were divided into the Consis. and In‐consis. groups based on whether their actual treatment and model recommendations were consistent. Better brain cancer‐specific survival (BCSS) outcomes in the Consis. group was observed. Overall, we also identified two subgroups that showed strong heterogeneity in response to GTR. By interpreting the models, we identified numerous variables that may be related to treatment heterogeneity.ConclusionsThis is the first study to infer the individual treatment effect, make treatment recommendation, and guide surgical options through deep learning approach in LGG research. Through causal inference, we found that heterogeneous responses to STR and GTR exist in patients with LGG. Visualization of the model yielded several factors that contribute to treatment heterogeneity, which are worthy of further discussion.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Ganoderma Species and Their Activity against Multi Drug Resistant Pathogens
Authors: Ali Syed Iffraz , Alvi Iqbal Ahmad , Fiaz Muhammad , Ahmad Junaid , Butt Sadia , Ullah Amin , Ahmed Iftikhar , Niaz Zeeshan , Khan Sayab , Hayat Shubana , Ashique Sumel , Zengin Gokhan , Farid Arshad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe widespread and indiscriminate use of broad‐spectrum antibiotics leads to microbial resistance, which causes major problems in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, advances in nanotechnology using mushrooms have opened up new domains for the synthesis and use of nanoparticles against multidrug‐resistant pathogens. Mushooms have recently attracted attention and are exploited for food and medicinal purposes. The current study focuses on the molecular identification, characterization of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV‐Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and antibacterial analysis of extract and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis from Ganoderma resinaceum against multidrug resistant microbes. Accurate identification of mushrooms is key in utilizing them for the benefit of humans. However, morphological identification of mushrooms is time consuming, tedious and may be prone to error. Molecular techniques are quick and reliable tools that are useful in mushroom taxonomy. Blast results showed that G. resinaceum (GU451247) obtained from Pakistan was 97 % same to the recognized G. resinaceum (GU451247) obtained from China as well as G. resinaceum (GU451247) obtained from India. The antimicrobial potential of mushroom composite and AgNPs showed high efficacy against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (ZOI 23 mm) K. pneumonia (ZOI 20 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ZOI 24 mm) and E. fecalis and A. baumannii (ZOI 10 mm), and multidrug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii (ZOI 24 mm). XRD evaluation revealed the crystalline composition of synthesized NPs with diameter of 45 nm. UV‐Vis spectroscopy obsorption peaked of 589 nm confirmed the presence of AgNPs. SEM results showed the cubic morphology of AgNPs. The FTIR analysis of NPs obtained from G. resinaceum containing C=O as well as (O=C−H) stretching revealed presence of hydrogen, carbonyl and amide groups. The synthesized extract and AgNPs showed promising minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 2 mg concentration against the MDR strains. AgNPs are observed to be efficient as they need less quantities to prevent bacterial growth. In the view of challenges for developing antimicrobial NPs of variable shape and size by various other methods, tuning nanoparticles synthesized via mushrooms can be a wonderful approach to resolve existing hurdles.
CoFeSe2@DMSA@FA Nanocatalyst for Amplification of Oxidative Stress to Achieve Multimodal Tumor Therapy**
Authors: Song Yingzi , Liu Lekang , Li Shulian , Jiang Xiaolei , Zheng Xiuwen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNanomedicine has significantly advanced precise tumor therapy, providing essential technical blessing for active drug accumulation, targeted consignment, and mitigation of noxious side effects. To enhance anti‐tumor efficacy, the integration of multiple therapeutic modalities has garnered significant attention. Here, we designed an innovative CoFeSe2@DMSA@FA nanocatalyst with Se vacancies (abbreviated as CFSDF), which exhibits synergistic chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), leading to amplified tumor oxidative stress and enhanced photothermal effects. The multifunctional CFSDF nanocatalyst exhibits the remarkable ability to catalyze the Fenton reaction within the acidic tumor microenvironment, efficiently converting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into highly harmful hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH). Moreover, the nanocatalyst effectively diminishes GSH levels and ameliorates intracellular oxidative stress. The incorporation of FA modification enables CFSDF to evade immune detection and selectively target tumor tissues. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have consistently demonstrated that CFSDF optimizes its individual advantages and significantly enhances therapeutic efficiency through synergistic effects of multiple therapeutic modalities, offering a valuable and effective approach to cancer treatment.
Making EU refugee policy in 2001, applying it in 2022: Directive 2001/55/EC and its use in 2022
Authors: Fink Simon , Kader Md Abdul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Ukraine crisis brings European Union (EU) refugee policy into the spotlight. Temporary protection for Ukrainian refugees was granted under Directive 2001/55/EC—a directive that had never been applied until 2022. This article seeks to explain why a directive that had not been used for 20 years was now applied. Our argument rests on liberal intergovernmentalism: Conflicts between countries with high and low migration pressure dominated negotiations in the Council of Ministers. These intergovernmental conflicts were not solved but built into the wording of the Directive. Each attempt to apply the Directive triggered a new round of intergovernmental conflict. However, in the Ukraine crisis, the cost–benefit calculation of the countries that had hitherto opposed application of the Directive changed, because they received most of the refugees. Hence, a policy window opened, and the Commission could use old ‘dormant’ legislation to further integration.
Norm collisions in European Union sectoral governance during the COVID‐19 pandemic: How the European Commission reconfigures norms in crises
Authors: Felder Alina , Stockmann Nils 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article argues that the COVID‐19 pandemic has incited the collision of norms in sectoral European Union (EU) governance and provided an open juncture for the European Commission to engage in norm reconfiguration. Herewith, the paper expands the conceptual scope of EU‐related norm research, which by focussing on the diffusion of norms within and beyond the EU has largely omitted dynamic perspectives on norms so far. We combine International Relations norm research with EU governance literature to scrutinise the normative underpinnings of the immediate crisis response within Commission sectoral strategies and working programs. Empirically, the paper focuses on the higher education and transport sectors, which have been particularly impacted by the COVID‐19 crisis and targeted by the EU crisis response. The interpretative‐qualitative analysis uncovers COVID‐19‐related collisions within the ideational constellation of EU governance and shows that the European Commission has engaged in different reconfiguration practices, potentially altering the norm constellation in the investigated sectoral governance areas.
Fabrication of High Surface Area Fe/Fe3O4 with Enhanced Performance for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wei Yuao , Yu Yingjie , Chen Jie , Wei Mo , Huang Yuting , Zhou Xinru , Liu Wenjing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe development of high‐efficient and large‐scale non‐precious electrocatalysts to improve sluggish reaction kinetics plays a key role in enhancing electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) for ammonia production under mild condition. Herein, Fe3O4 and Fe supported by porous carbon (denoted as Fe/Fe3O4/PC‐800) composite with a high specific surface area of 1004.1 m2 g−1 was prepared via a simple template method. On one hand, the high surface area of Fe/Fe3O4/PC‐800 provides a large area to enhance N2 adsorption and promote more protons and electrons to accelerate the reaction, thereby greatly improving the dynamics. On the other hand, mesoporous Fe/Fe3O4/PC‐800 provides high electrochemically active surface area for promoting the occurrence of catalytic kinetics. As a result, Fe/Fe3O4/PC‐800 exhibited significantly enhanced NRR performance with an ammonia yield of 31.15 μg h−1 mg−1cat. and faraday efficiency of 22.26 % at −0.1 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). This study is expected to provide a new strategy for the synthesis of catalysts with large specific area and pave the way for the foundational research in NRR.
Pd‐Catalyzed Vicinal Intermolecular Annulations of Iodoarenes, Indoles, and Carbazoles with Enynes
Authors: Babu Undamatla Suri , Kotipalli Ramesh , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu , Reddy Maddi Sridhar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReaching the formidable C−H corners has been one of the top priorities of organic chemists in the recent past. This prompted us to disclose herein a vicinal annulation of 2‐iodo benzoates, indoles, and carbazoles with N‐embedded 1,6‐enynes through 7‐/8‐membered palladacycles. The relay does not require the assistance of any directing group, leading to multicyclic scaffolds, which are readily diversified to an array of adducts (with new functional tethers and/or three contiguous stereocenters), in which we showcase a rare benzylic mono‐oxygenation.
New Multifunctional Bipyrimidine‐Based Chromophores for NLO‐Active Thin‐Film Preparation**
Authors: Bora Umut , Abdallah Stephania , Mhanna Rana , Nicolas Prescillia , Dok Ahmet , de Coene Yovan , Van Cleuvenbergen Stijn , Jeannin Olivier , Malval Jean‐Pierre , Clays Koen , Bellec Nathalie , Ocak Hale , Bilgin‐Eran Belkis , Camerel Franck , Akdas‐Kiliç Huriye 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNew synthesized bipyrimidine‐based chromophores presenting alkoxystyryl donor groups carrying aliphatic achiral and chiral chains in the 4 position, connected to electron‐accepting 2,2‐bipyrimidine cores have been synthesized. Their linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were investigated as well as their mesomorphic properties by various techniques (light‐transmission measurements, polarized‐light optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry measurements and two‐photon excited fluorescence). The derivatives with achiral linear carbon chains were found to exhibit liquid‐crystal properties with the formation smectic phases over large temperature ranges, which were confirmed by small‐angle X‐ray scattering analysis via stacking models. The nonlinear optical properties in the solid state for derivatives with C14 and the citronellol chains have been studied by wide‐field second‐harmonic generation and multi‐photon fluorescence imaging, confirming centrosymmetry for these achiral mesogens and their excellent third‐order nonlinearity whereas the chiral compound exhibits non‐centrosymmetric organization resulting in a strong Second Harmonic Generation at the crystal state.
Total Synthesis of Cyanobactin Natural Product Balgacyclamide B
Authors: Torres‐Hernandez Arnaldo X. , Desman Prathibha , Nguyen Thi , Hoang Vinh , Zhang Yichao , Bartels Ashley , Rafferty Ryan J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBalgacyclamide A−C are a family of cyanobactin natural products isolated from freshwater cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. These macrocyclic peptides are characterized by their oxazoline‐thiazole core, their 7 or 8 stereocenters, and their antiparasitic activities. Balgacyclamide B is known for its activity towards Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine‐resistant strain K1, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, and Leishmania donovani. In this report, the first total synthesis of Balgacyclamide B is described in a 17‐steps pathway and a 2 % overall yield. The synthetic pathway toward balgacyclamide B can be adapted for the future syntheses of balgacyclamide A and C. In addition, a brief history background of oxazolines syntheses is shown to emphasize the importance of the cyclization conditions used to interconvert or retain configuration of β‐hydroxy amides via dehydrative cyclization.
Synthesis and Properties of Fluorenone‐Containing Cycloparaphenylenes and Their Late‐Stage Transformation
Authors: Bliksted Roug Pedersen Viktor , Price Tavis W. , Kofod Nicolaj , Zakharov Lev N. , Laursen Bo W. , Jasti Ramesh , Brøndsted Nielsen Mogens 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) are the smallest possible armchair carbon nanotubes, the properties of which strongly depend on their ring size. They can be further tuned by either peripheral functionalization or by replacing phenylene rings for other aromatic units. Here we show how four novel donor–acceptor chromophores were obtained by incorporating fluorenone or 2‐(9H‐fluoren‐9‐ylidene)malononitrile into the loops of two differently sized CPPs. Synthetically, we managed to perform late‐stage functionalization of the fluorenone‐based rings by high‐yielding Knoevenagel condensations. The structures were confirmed by X‐ray crystallographic analyses, which revealed that replacing a phenylene for a fused‐ring‐system acceptor introduces additional strain. The donor–acceptor characters of the CPPs were supported by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic studies, electrochemical studies (displaying the CPPs as multi‐redox systems undergoing reversible or quasi‐reversible redox events), as well as by computations. The oligophenylene parts were found to comprise the electron donor units of the macrocycles and the fluorenone parts the acceptor units.
Brook Rearrangement as Trigger for Dearomatization Reaction: Synthesis of Non‐Aromatic N‐Heterocycles**
Authors: Mondal Rajarshi , Agbaria Mohamed , Cohen Orit , Nairoukh Zackaria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe [1,2]‐Brook rearrangement stands as a potent technique for constructing complex molecules. In this study, we showcase its power in the dearomatization of aromatic N‐heterocycles. Through a concise four‐step process that integrates lithiation, nucleophilic addition, Brook rearrangement and dearomatization reaction, we demonstrate a versatile strategy for generating diverse non‐aromatic N‐heterocycles which exhibit ambident reactivities. Various acyl silanes, halo‐pyridines, and quinolines have been explored within this context. The synthetic utility of this methodology is demonstrated through the construction of complex architectures.
Association between prediagnostic prostate‐specific antigen and prostate cancer probability in Black and non‐Hispanic White men
Authors: Lee Kyung Min , Bryant Alex K. , Lynch Julie A. , Robison Brian , Alba Patrick R. , Agiri Fatai Y. , Pridgen Kathryn M. , DuVall Scott L. , Yamoah Kosj , Garraway Isla P. , Rose Brent S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough Black men are more likely than non‐Hispanic White men to develop and die from prostate cancer, limited data exist to guide prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening protocols in Black men. This study investigated whether the risk for prostate cancer was higher than expected among self‐identified Black than White veterans based on prebiopsy PSA level.MethodsMultivariable logistic regression models were estimated to predict the likelihood of prostate cancer diagnosis on first biopsy for 75,295 Black and 207,658 White male veterans. Self‐identified race, age at first PSA test, prebiopsy PSA, age at first biopsy, smoking status, statin use, and socioeconomic factors were used as predictors. The adjusted predicted probabilities of cancer detection on first prostate biopsy from the logistic models at different PSA levels were calculated.ResultsAfter controlling for PSA and other covariates, Black veterans were 50% more likely to receive a prostate cancer diagnosis on their first prostate biopsy than White veterans (odds ratio [OR], 1.50; 95% CI, 1.47‐1.53; p < .001). At a PSA level of 4.0 ng/mL, the probability of prostate cancer for a Black man was 49% compared with 39% for a White man. This model indicated that Black veterans with a PSA of 4.0 ng/mL have an equivalent risk of prostate cancer as White veterans with a PSA of 13.4 ng/mL.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that, at any given PSA level, Black men are more likely to harbor prostate cancer than White men. Prospective studies are needed to better evaluate risks and benefits of PSA screening in Black men and other high‐risk populations.
Recent Advances in Acoustofluidics for Point‐of‐Care Testing
Authors: Chen Xian , Duan Xuexin , Gao Yunhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbstract: Point‐of‐care testing (POCT) has played important role in clinical diagnostics, environmental assessment, chemical and biological analyses, and food and chemical processing due to its faster turnaround compared to laboratory testing. Dedicated manipulations of solutions or particles are generally required to develop POCT technologies that achieve a “sample‐in‐answer‐out” operation. With the development of micro‐ and nanotechnology, many tools have been developed for sample preparation, on‐site analysis and solution manipulations (mixing, pumping, valving, etc.). Among these approaches, the use of acoustic waves to manipulate fluids and particles (named acoustofluidics) has been applied in many researches. This review focuses on the recent developments in acoustofluidics for POCT. It starts with the fundamentals of different acoustic manipulation techniques and then lists some of representative examples to highlight each method in practical POC applications. Looking toward the future, a compact, portable, highly integrated, low power, and biocompatible technique is anticipated to simultaneously achieve precise manipulation of small targets and multimodal manipulation in POC applications.
Phenanthroline‐Decorated Covalent Organic Framework for Catalytic Synthesis of 2‐Aminobenzothiazoles in Water
Authors: Wang Jian‐Cheng , Yu Zhi‐Gao , Yang Wen‐Ting , Du Jia‐Qi , Chen Zhi , Kan Jing‐Lan , Dong Ying , Dong Yu‐Bin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract2‐Aminobenzothiazoles are widely used in the fields of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Herein, we report a metal‐free protocol for the preparation of 2‐aminobenzothiazoles by a covalent organic framework (COF) catalyzed tandem reaction. In the presence of catalytic amount of phenanthroline‐decorated COF (Phen‐COF), a variety of 2‐aminobenzothiazoles are obtained in excellent yields by the cross‐coupling of 2‐iodoanilines with isothiocyanates at room temperature in water. In addition, the COF‐catalyst is very stable and can be reused at least seven times without loss of its catalytic activity.
Using ExpressAnalyst for Comprehensive Gene Expression Analysis in Model and Non‐Model Organisms
Authors: Ewald Jessica , Zhou Guangyan , Lu Yao , Xia Jianguo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExpressAnalyst is a web‐based platform that enables intuitive, end‐to‐end transcriptomics and proteomics data analysis. Users can start from FASTQ files, gene/protein abundance tables, or gene/protein lists. ExpressAnalyst will perform read quantification, gene expression table processing and normalization, differential expression analysis, or meta‐analysis with complex study designs. The results are presented via various interactive visualizations such as volcano plots, heatmaps, networks, and ridgeline charts, with built‐in functional enrichment analysis to allow flexible data exploration and understanding. ExpressAnalyst currently contains built‐in support for 29 common organisms. For non‐model organisms without good reference genomes, it can perform comprehensive transcriptome profiling directly from RNA‐seq reads. These common tasks are covered in 11 Basic Protocols. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: RNA‐seq count table uploading, processing, and normalizationBasic Protocol 2: Differential expression analysis with linear modelsBasic Protocol 3: Functional analysis with volcano plot, enrichment network, and ridgeline visualizationBasic Protocol 4: Hierarchical clustering analysis of transcriptomics data using interactive heatmapsBasic Protocol 5: Cross‐species gene expression analysis based on ortholog mapping resultsBasic Protocol 6: Proteomics and microarray data processing and normalizationBasic Protocol 7: Preparing multiple gene expression tables for meta‐analysisBasic Protocol 8: Statistical and functional meta‐analysis of gene expression dataBasic Protocol 9: Functional analysis of transcriptomics signaturesBasic Protocol 10: Dose‐response and time‐series data analysisBasic Protocol 11: RNA‐seq reads processing and quantification with and without reference transcriptomes