bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authorship Patterns in the Orthopaedic Journals of Low-Income and Lower-Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Young Jason , Xie Michael , Choi Soy , Osazuwa Isaiah , Robbins Jordan , Bain Paul A. , May Collin 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Extensive research collaborations exist between researchers from high-income countries (HICs) and those from low-income countries (LICs) and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Previous research has suggested that authors from LICs and LMICs are underrepresented as first and last authors in the orthopaedic literature on local populations, particularly in LICs. We present a bibliometric analysis of authorship solely in studies published in orthopaedic journals that are based in LICs and LMICs.

Methods:
The Global Index Medicus was queried, and all articles published from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2021, in journals with a focus on orthopaedic surgery that were based in an LIC or an LMIC were included. Logistic regressions were calculated to assess the predictors of local authorship.

Results:
Over 92% of studies included in our analysis had first or last authors from LICs or LMICs. In terms of study type, the majority (89%) of studies were clinical, although largely of low-level evidence (78% of clinical studies were case reports, case series, or descriptive studies). None received funding. LIC or LMIC first authorship and last authorship were less likely for most types of nonclinical studies. LIC or LMIC first authorship was more likely when there were more study authors. LIC or LMIC first authorship and last authorship were less likely when there were more countries affiliated with the study authors. Finally, when compared with studies with only LIC or LMIC authors, those with a combination of HIC and LIC or LMIC authors had significantly lower rates of LIC or LMIC first authorship (93.3% versus 62.5%) and last authorship (97.7% versus 70.8%).

Conclusions:
Our study presents one of the first analyses to assess authorship patterns in the orthopaedic literature of locally published journals in LICs and LMICs. Future studies are needed to contextualize our findings within a broader bibliometric landscape in order to better address the ongoing challenges to building research capacity in LICs and LMICs.

Clinical Relevance:
Our study highlights important observations regarding authorship in international, collaborative research in orthopaedics.
Diurnal cortisol, neuroinflammation and cerebrovascular dysfunction biomarkers in a memory clinic cohort: findings from the Co-STAR study
Authors: Daniilidou Makrina , Holleman Jasper , Hagman Göran , Kåreholt Ingemar , Sindi Shireen , Aspö Malin , Brinkmalm Ann , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Solomon Alina , Kivipelto Miia , Matton Anna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Cortisol dysregulation, neuroinflammation and cerebrovascular dysfunction are biological processes that have been separately shown to be affected in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we aimed to identify biomarker signatures reflecting these pathways in 108 memory clinic patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCI, N=40), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N=39) and AD (N=29). Participants were from the well characterized Cortisol and Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease (Co-STAR) cohort, recruited at Karolinska University Hospital. Salivary diurnal cortisol measures and 41 CSF proteins were analyzed. Principal component analysis was applied to identify combined biosignatures related to AD pathology, synaptic loss and neuropsychological assessments, in linear regressions adjusted for confounders, such as age, sex, education and diagnosis. We found increased CSF levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interferon γ-inducible protein (IP-10), thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in MCI patients. Further, markers of cortisol dysregulation (flattened salivary cortisol awakening response and flattened cortisol slope) correlated with increased levels of placental growth factor (PlGF), IP-10 and chitinase 3-like 1 (YKL-40) in the total cohort. A biosignature composed of cortisol awakening response, cortisol slope and CSF IL-6 was downregulated in AD patients. Moreover, biomarker signatures reflecting overlapping pathophysiological processes of neuroinflammation and vascular injury were associated with AD pathology, synaptic loss and worsened processing speed. Our findings suggest an early dysregulation of immune and cerebrovascular processes during the MCI stage and provide insights into the interrelationship of chronic stress and neuroinflammation in AD.
Divergent transcriptomic profiles in depressed individuals with hyper- and hypophagia implicating inflammatory status
Authors: Klengel Torsten , Dan Shu , Hall Julia , Holsen Laura 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a heterogenous and etiologically complex disease encompassing a broad spectrum of psychopathology, presumably arising from distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Divergent appetitive phenotypes including Hyperphagic MDD (characterized by an increased appetite) and Hypophagic MDD (characterized by a decrease in appetite) are important clinical characteristics that are closely related to comorbidities, including cardiometabolic disorders. Prior evidence supports the notion that hyperphagia is associated with atypical depression, decreased stress-hormone signaling, a pro-inflammatory status, hypersomnia, and poorer clinical outcomes. Yet, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of Hyperphagic and Hypophagic MDD is limited, and knowledge of associated biological correlates of these endophenotypes remain fragmented. We performed an exploratory study on peripheral blood RNA profiling using bulk RNAseq in unmedicated individuals with Hyperphagic and Hypophagic MDD (n=8 and n=13, respectively) and discovered individual genes and gene pathways associated with appetitive phenotypes. In addition, we used the Maastricht Acute Stress Task to uncover stress-related transcriptomic profiles in Hyper- and Hypophagic MDD.
Robust Online Multi-robot Simultaneous Exploration and Coverage Path Planning
Authors: Nair Vishnu G , V Dileep M , R Guruprasad K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In this paper, a robust online Multi-robot Simultaneous exploration and coveragepath planning problem is presented. The entire workspace is initially partitionedusing the Manhattan Voronoi partitioning method, and the robots execute Multi-Robot Simultaneous Exploration and Coverage (MRSimExCoverage) using theSpanning Tree Coverage (STC) algorithm and cover the workspace. Once the robot(s) failure is detected the uncovered portions of the Voronoi cell of the failedrobot will be shared between other eligible robots or a replacement strategy,ifavailable, is performed. Simulation experiments within the V-rep environment isused to demonstrate and validate the performance of the proposed algorithm.Though the authors used the STC algorithm for path planning for the purposeof demonstration, any suitable coverage algorithm may be used.
The impact of extreme heat and cold on energy poverty
Authors: Li Ang , Toll Mathew , Bentley Rebecca 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Climate change is shifting the distribution of temperature. The occurrence of more intense, prolonged, and frequent extreme ambient temperatures is redistributing the experience of energy hardship from a problem primarily affecting colder climates to a global issue. To better understand the relationship between climate change and energy poverty, and to develop public policy cognizant of the economic consequences for households, we examine the relationship between temperature and energy hardship risk across climate zones in Australia. Using large nationally representative data (281,956 observations) on energy poverty linked to temperature records between 2005 and 2021, the study investigates the effect of the intensity, duration, and frequency of extreme heat and cold temperatures on energy hardship, and how this risk is differently experienced depending on individual, housing and neighbourhood vulnerabilities and adaptive capacities. Our findings suggest that the risk of energy poverty increases at an accelerating rate with hotter temperatures, and the upward trend in the risk of energy poverty was more pronounced after the average maximum temperature reached 30℃. Conversely, the risk of energy poverty decreases with cold extremes becoming warmer. Middle-aged people (especially in their 30s), women, lone parents, group or multi-family households, and rental tenants were most at risk, though these individual vulnerabilities can be offset by high-quality housing that was protective of the effect of temperature extremes on energy hardship. The risk of energy poverty under a high emissions global warming scenario is projected to increase by 1.08%-1.98% attributable to hotter extreme heat and decrease by 1.63%-2.84% attributable to warmer winter temperatures in long run. Energy hardship will remain a concern despite raising temperatures driven by more extreme heat, especially for populations with individual vulnerabilities and lacking adapted housing and neighbourhoods.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Rifampicin Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis among Human Immune Virus Sero-Positive Patients in South Western Uganda
Authors: Nakigozi Harriet , Mukama Paul , Tumwine Gabriel , Nanteza Ann , Kato Drago , Owinyi David Okello , Othieno Emmanuel , Nabadda Susan , Ssengooba Willy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis is treated using rifampicin and isoniazid as the first line drugs, with rifampicin playing a pivotal role in the effective treatment of tuberculosis. However, resistance to rifampicin is common and used as a valuable surrogate marker for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Furthermore, HIV co-infection complicates the management of PTB.
Methods
Across sectional study was conducted in South Western Uganda between December 2014 and May 2015. A total of 859 smear positive and smear negative HIV-positive individuals who were presumptive for TB, newly diagnosed and previously treated TB patients, aged ≥ 18years were enrolled. A standardized questionnaire was administered to patients who consented to collect their socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for TB. Sputum samples were obtained from the participants and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay performed. Data was analyzed for proportions and factors associated with rifampicin resistant TB (RR-TB) in a multivariate analysis.
Results
A total of 510 (59.4%) were male, 238 (27.8%) were new cases and 159 (18.5%) were M. tuberculosis positive. The prevalence of RR-TB was 09 (5.7%). Male HIV-positive individuals had a higher risk of contracting TB than females (P = 0.001). Rifampicin resistant M. tuberculosis was 06 (1.2%) among male and03 (0.9%) among female TB patients. Having rifampicin resistant M. tuberculosis was significantly associated, OR (95%CI: P value) with TB history 4.99 (95% CI; P = 0.001) and smoking tobacco 2.05 (95% CI: P = 0.001).
Conclusion
There is a considerable high prevalence of PTB in South western Uganda despite the low magnitude of RR-TB among HIV positive individuals. Risk factors such as history of TB, and smoking should be included in the preventive measures for better outcomes. Continuous screening of HIV-positive individuals for TB and RR-TB is highly recommended.
The Influence of Group Psychology on Network Cluster Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Jianjun Ni , Zhangbo Xiong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2137 college students from more than 10 colleges and universities in Zhejiang Province and Jiangsu Province. The data were analyzed by correlation analysis and moderated mediation model test. The results showed that group psychology such as emotional infection, depersonalization, silent spiral, relative deprivation, group polarization and action mobilization can positively predict network cluster behavior; The action mobilization of opinion leaders plays a mediating effect between emotional infection and network cluster behavior; Group polarization plays a mediating effect between the silent spiral and network cluster behavior; Group efficacy plays a regulatory role in the latter half of the intermediary process of group polarization affecting network cluster behavior.
Association of body-mass index with physiological brain pulsations across adulthood– a fast fMRI study
Authors: Raitamaa Lauri , Kautto Joona , Tuunanen Johanna , Helakari Heta , Huotari Niko , Järvelä Matti , Korhonen Vesa , Kiviniemi Vesa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background/Objective: Obesity is a risk factor for several brain-related health issues, and high body-mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk for several neurological conditions, including cognitive decline and dementia. Cardiovascular, respiratory, and vasomotor brain pulsations have each been shown to drive intracranial cerebrovascular fluid (CSF) flow, which is linked to the brain metabolite efflux that sustains homeostasis. While these three physiological pulsations are demonstrably altered in numerous brain diseases, there is no previous investigation of the association between physiological brain pulsations and BMI.Subjects/Methods: We measured the amplitudes of the physiological brain pulsations using amplitude of low frequency fluctation (ALFF) based method with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging via high temporal resolution whole-brain magnetic resonance encephalography (MREG) in 115 healthy subjects. We next undertook multiple linear regression to model the BMI effect voxel-wise whole-brain on very low frequency (VLF), respiration, cardiovascular, and respiratory induced modulation of cardiovascular pulsation amplitudes with age, pulse pressure, and gender as nuisance variables.Results In our study population, BMI was positively associated with the amplitudes of vasomotor, respiratory, and respiratory induced modulations of cardiovascular pulsations (p < 0.05), while negatively associated with the amplitudes of cardiovascular pulsations (p < 0.05).Conclusions The findings suggest that BMI is a significant factor in alterations of cardiovascular pulsation of neurofluids. As physiological pulsations are the drivers of CSF flow and subsequent metabolite clearance, these results emphasize the need for further research into the mechanisms through which obesity affects brain clearance.
Attribution of Subseasonal Temperature Modes as the Drivers of Dry and Moist Heat Discomfort for the Heat Hazard monitoring over the Indian region
Authors: Lekshmi S , Chattopadhyay Rajib , Pai D. S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Heatwaves are often driven by subtropical persistent highs and quasi-stationary Rossby waves, along with regional factors such as soil moisture. Both temperature and humidity variability play an important role in the regional heatwave patterns. Studies have differentiated the dry and moist heatwave-related extremes both in terms of their driving mechanism and in their impact on human health. With the increase in the intensity, frequency and duration of heatwaves in recent decades, the impact-based forecasting and monitoring (IBF) of heatwaves has assumed significance. Current operational IBF indices, especially over the Indian region, are empirical and do not necessarily consider the modal dynamics or their role in the impact of dry and moist heat-related discomfort.
In this study, based on two large-scale intraseasonal modes of summer temperature variability, the driving mechanisms of dry and moist heat extremes over the Indian region are identified. The regional scale impact, identified based on the Heat Index, is driven by these two large-scale modes. The first mode provides conditions conducive for the formation of the dry heat extremes. The second mode drives the regional circulation, supporting the moisture inflow towards the coastal states. This inflow, along with the modal temperature pattern, drives the moist heat extremes over India. Based on the location of the principal components of these modes in the phase space, the heat-related health risk associated with the dominant modes is assessed. Warnings for different phases of dry and moist heat extremes occurring over the Indian region are also proposed for operational use.
Dapagliflozin added to metformin reduces perirenal fat layer in type 2 diabetic patients with Obesity
Authors: Cuatrecasas Guillem , De Cabo Francisco , Coves Mº José , Patrascioiu Ioana , Aguilar Gerardo , Cuatrecasas Gabriel , March Sonia , Calbo Marta , Rossell Olga , Balfego Mariona , Benito Camila , Gregorio Silvana Di , Garcia-Lorda Pilar , Munoz-Marron Elena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Sodium-glucose co-transporters type 2 inhibitors (SLGT2i) are highly effective in controlling type 2 diabetes, mainly by inducing net glucose output at the proximal renal tubule, but reported beneficial cardiovascular effects suggest broader actions on insulin resistance. Weight loss may be initially explained by glycosuria net caloric output and secondary volumetric excretion, but its maintenance is mainly due to loss of visceral fat mass. Structured ultrasound (US) imaging of abdominal adipose tissue (“eco-obesity”) is a recently described, noninvasive, easily reproducible methodology used to measure 5 consecutive layers of abdominal fat (superficial subcutaneous (SS), deep subcutaneous (DS), preperitoneal (PP), omental (Om) and right perirenal (RK), not assessable by DEXA or CT scan. PP, Om and RK are predictors of metabolic syndrome (MS) with defined cut-off points. To assess the effect of SLGT2i effect on every fat depot we enrolled 29 patients with type 2 Diabetes (HbA1c 6,5–9%) and Obesity (IMC > 30 Kg/m2) in an open-label, randomized, single-center, phase IV trial (EudraCT: 2019-000979-16): the Omendapa trial. Diabetes was diagnosed < 12 months before randomization and all patients were treatment naïve. 14 patients were treated with metformin alone (cohort A) and 15 were treated with metformin + dapaglifozin (cohort B). Anthropometric measures and laboratory tests for glucose, lipid profile, insulin, HOMA, leptin, ultrasensitive-CRP and microalbuminuria (MAL) were done at baseline, 3rd and 6th months. At 6th month, weight loss was − 5.5 ± 5.2 Kg (5.7% from initial weight) in cohort A and − 8.4 ± 4.4 Kg (8.6%) in cohort B. Waist circumference showed a -2.7 ± 3.1cm and − 5.4 ± 2.5cm reduction, respectively (p = 0.011). Both Metformin (-19.4 ± 20.1mm; -21.7%) alone or combined with Dapaglifozin (-20.5 ± 19.4mm; -21.8%) induced significant Om fat reduction. 13.3% of cohort A patients and 21.4% of cohort’s B reached Om thickness below the cut-off for MS criteria. DS, PP, Om and RK fat thickness showed significant reduction within the Met + Dapa group, whereas only DS and RK fat reduced with metformin alone. RK fat relative change was significantly higher in cohort B group compared to cohort A at both kidneys. Om fat loss correlated with leptin, CRP and MAL and RK fat loss correlated with HOMA-IR, only in the Met + Dapa group. US is a useful clinical tool to assess pharmacological efficacy to reduce ectopic fat depots. Both Metformin and Dapaglifozin induce fat loss in layers involved with MS (Om) but combined treatment is particularly effective in RK fat layer reduction and correlates with cardiovascular risk markers. Perirenal fat should be considered as a potential target for cardiovascular dapaglifozin beneficial effects.
Does decreased fetal growth estimation, in the appropriate for gestational age range affect delivery outcomes?
Authors: Ovadia Michal , Gluska Hadar , Cohen Gal , Schreiber Hanoch , Biron-Shental Tal , Kovo Michal , Maor Gil Shechter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To study the effect of decreased estimated fetal weight (EFW) percentiles in appropriate for gestational age fetuses.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included women who had second and third trimester ultrasound examinations. Delivery and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies with decreased EFW of ≥ 30 percentiles and those without were compared. Deliveries with EFW or birthweight ≤ 10th percentile were excluded.
Results
Among 1610 deliveries, 57 were in the decreased growth group and 1553 in the control group. Maternal characteristics did not differ between the groups except for higher rate of nulliparity in the decreased growth group. We found similar rates of Category 2 monitoring, cesarean deliveries due to non-reassuring fetal heart rate and adverse neonatal outcomes. Neonatal birthweight was lower in the decreased growth group as compared to controls.
Conclusion
Appropriate for gestational age fetuses with decreased growth are not at increased risk for adverse outcomes.
Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Electrospun BAG/CMC/β-CD Nanofibers for Flutamide Drug Delivery
Authors: Seyed-Sadjadi Mirabdullah , Tajik Masoumeh , Zare Karim , Farhadyar Nazanin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A diverse range of therapeutic agents, such as antibiotics, anti-cancer drugs, and wound healing materials, have been physically or chemically formulated on the surface of electrospun nanofibers for achieving controlled topical release within a specific time. In this work, a nanofiber network of a bioactive glass/carboxymethyl cellulose/β-cyclodextrin (BAG/CMC/β-CD) was fabricated through electrospinning. Various analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the synthesized samples. The BAG/CMC/β-CD nanofibers with a diameter of 10 nm were intended to be used for flutamide drug delivery in a simulated intestinal environment. The loading and release effects of flutamide at different times under in vitro conditions were investigated by UV-Vis Spectroscopy. The findings suggested that BAG/CMC/β-CD NF had a high drug loading efficiency of 99.65% and a sustained drug release capacity without an initial burst release, making them a promising candidate for flutamide drug delivery.