bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An electromagnetic shape optimisation for perfectly electric conductors by the time-domain boundary integral equations
Authors: Takahashi Toru 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study proposes a shape optimisation framework for unsteady electromagnetic scattering problems on the basis of the time-domain boundary integral equation method, focusing on the perfectly electric conductors (PECs). The boundary-only formulation is ideal for treating a shape optimisation problem in exterior domains. However, the electromagnetic shape optimisation in concern has been unrealised with the boundary integral approach regardless of the fact that the boundary-type shape derivative has been known in the literature. The first contribution of the present study is to derive a novel expression of the shape derivative in terms of the surface current densities of the primary and adjoint problems, by considering that the surface current density is handled by usual integral equations methods. The second contribution is to clarify the integral representations and equations of the adjoint electromagnetic fields in terms of the reversal time. These theoretical achievements possess a high affinity with the standard spatial discretising approach (i.e. RWG basis) whenever the temporal basis is sufficiently smooth. The numerical experiments confirmed the reliability of the proposed shape optimisation methodology and indicated the capability to deal with scientific and engineering applications.
Coal falling trajectory and strength analysis of drum of shearer based on bidiectional coupling method
Authors: Zhang Meichen , Zhao Lijuan , Shi Baisheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The cutting and crushing of coal and rock containing gangue is the result of the coupling effect of multiple factors. The geometric parameters of the working mechanism, the Kinematics parameters of the shearer, and the physical and mechanical properties of the coal and rock to be cut will all affect the cutting and crushing process of the shearer. In order to study the coal falling trajectory of spiral drum cutting coal and rock, obtain its optimal cutting parameters, and achieve efficient cutting of spiral drum, a coal falling trajectory and strength analysis of drum of shearer based on bidirectional coupling technology was proposed based on particle discrete element contact theory and virtual prototype technology. The DEM-MFBD (Discrete Element Method Multi Flexible Body Dynamics) two-way coupling technology was used to realize the cutting and interactive information of the spiral drum on the complex coal seam with gangue. Construct the cutting conditions of the spiral drum under different cutting depths, rotational speeds, and traction speeds. Monitoring the movement status of coal and rock particles under different working conditions. Compile the coal falling trajectory equations of coal and rock particles under different working conditions and draw the coal falling trajectory curve. The optimal coal loading rate was used as the measurement standard for the coal falling trajectory, and the optimal coal falling trajectory of the drum was obtained through full factor experiments. Extract the load of the drum and pick, analyze their stress and deformation, and perform fatigue life analysis on the pick with the highest stress. The results indicate that the maximum deformation occurs on the cutting teeth that are cutting hard gangue. The stress of the tooth seat is mainly concentrated at the root of the tooth seat, and its maximum equivalent stress is less than the yield limit value of the selected material. Therefore, the material selection and structural design of the drum are safe and reliable. By building a coal mining machine cutting coal and rock experimental platform, monitoring the working status of the designed spiral drum, it meets the usage requirements. Based on industrial experiments conducted underground, the measured average coal loading rate of the shearer drum was 46.31%, achieving stable operation and verifying that the designed drum of shearer has efficient cutting ability.
Body composition measures as a determinant of Alpelisib related toxicity
Authors: Shachar Eliya , Raphael Ari , Katz Uriel , Kessner Rivka , Shachar Shlomit Strulov 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Body composition has emerged as an important prognostic factor in patients treated with cancer. Severe depletion of skeletal muscle, sarcopenia, has been associated with poor performance status and worse oncological outcomes. We studied patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving alpelisib, to determine if sarcopenia and additional body composition measures accounting for muscle and adiposity are associated with toxicity.
Methods
A retrospective observational analysis was conducted, including 38 women with metastatic breast cancer and a PIK3CA mutation, treated with alpelisib as advanced line of therapy. Sarcopenia was determined by measuring skeletal muscle cross-sectional area at the third lumbar vertebra using computerized tomography. Various body composition metrics were assessed along with drug toxicity, dose reductions, treatment discontinuation, and hospitalizations.
Results
Sarcopenia was observed in half of the patients (n = 19, 50%), spanning normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals. Among the body composition measures, lower skeletal muscle density (SMD) was associated with an increased risk of treatment-related hyperglycaemia (P = 0.03). Additionally, lower visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was associated with alpelisib-induced rash (P = 0.04) and hospitalizations (P = 0.04). Notably, alpelisib treatment discontinuation was not impacted by alpelisib toxicity.
Conclusion
Body composition measures, specifically SMD and VAT may provide an opportunity to identify patients at higher risk for severe alpelisib related hyperglycemia, and cutaneous toxicity. These findings suggest the potential use of body composition assessment to predict toxicity, allowing for personalized therapeutic observation and intervention.
hinotori TM vs da Vinci®: propensity score-matched analysis of surgical outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Kohjimoto Yasuo , Yamashita Shimpei , Iwagami Sohei , Muraoka Satoshi , Wakamiya Takahito , Hara Isao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
hinotori™ is a recently-developed surgical robot system. The present study aims to compare surgical outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) by the hinotori™ system compared with those of the longer-established da Vinci® system. This study includes 100 consecutive patients who underwent RARP by da Vinci® and 60 patients who underwent RARP by hinotori™. To minimize imbalances of patient demographics between the two groups, a 1:1 propensity score-matching was performed, and 43 patients each were assigned to both the da Vinci® and hinotori™ groups after matching. In the propensity score-matched cohort, there were no significant differences in patient demographics between the two groups. Regarding surgical outcomes, operative time and console time in the hinotori™ group were significantly longer than those in da Vinci® group. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in other surgical outcomes between the two groups, such as estimated blood loss, intraoperative complications, major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade 3 or 4) or length of hospital stay after surgery. Pathological features including positive cancer margin were also similar between the groups. Moreover, there were no significant differences of urinary continence rates 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery between the da Vinci® and hinotori™ groups. Our results suggest that the hinotori™ surgical robot system could provide comparable surgical outcomes to that of the da Vinci® system for patients undergoing RARP.
Development and validation of an algorithm to estimate incidence and prevalence of breast cancer patients with distant metastasis in Northern Ireland: A population-based study
Authors: Hawkins Sinéad Teresa , Ashok Amisha , Kelly Jackie , Savage Gerard , Fitzpatrick Deirdre , Mitchell Helen , McBrien Ann , Bennett Damien 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction: The lack of systematic collection and reporting of breast cancer with distant metastasis (BCDM) means incidence and prevalence is largely unknown.
Methods: Patients with primary breast cancer (BC) (Stage I-III and “Stage not known”) and de novo patients (Stage IV at diagnosis) were identified from the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry and linked to hospital inpatient (PAS) and death records (GRO) over the period 1993 to 2020. An expert rules-based algorithm was developed to identify BCDM cases. This was validated using a dataset of 1,028 BC patients diagnosed in 2009 and followed up until 2017 for BCDM (184 BCDM cases). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) were calculated, and incident and prevalent cases reported.
Results: Validation demonstrated high sensitivity (95.1%), specificity (99.2%), PPV (96.2%) and NPV (98.9%).
Between 2009–2020 incident cases were stable, averaging 254 per year, while the prevalent population increased from 587 to 911 (55% increase), suggesting improved survivorship.
In 2020 the highest proportion of patients living with BCDM were existing cases from previous years (71.2%), with 66.6% having progressive BCDM and 33% de novo BCDM.
Conclusion: The novel algorithm accurately identified BCDM cases which will help planning, care and support for BCDM patients.
Polyetheretherketone Bioactivity Induced by Farringtonite: The Effect on Mineralization and Differentiation of Osteoblasts
Authors: Martínková Martina , Zárybnická Lucie , Viani Alberto , Killinger Michael , Mácová Petra , Sedláček Tomáš , Oralová Veronika , Klepárník Karel , Humpolíček Petr 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is considered as an excellent biomaterial for bone grafting and connective tissue replacement. The clinical potential is, however, limited by its bioinertness, poor osteoconduction, and weak antibacterial activity. These disadvantages can be overcome by introducing suitable additives to produce mineral-polymer composites or coatings. In this work, a PEEK-based bioactive composite has been obtained by blending the polymer with magnesium phosphate (Mg3(PO4)2) particles in amounts ranging from 1 to 10 wt.% using the hot press technique. The obtained composite exhibited improved mechanical and physical properties, above the lower limits set for bone engineering applications. The tested grafts were found to not induce cytotoxicity. The presence of magnesium phosphate induced the mineralization process with no adverse effects on the expression of the marker crucial for osteoblastic differentiation. The most promising resulted the grafts with embedding 1 wt.% of magnesium phosphate within the PEEK matrix. The improved bioactivity of grafts, together with suitable physical-chemical and mechanical properties, indicate this composite as a promising orthopedic implant material.
How were people affected by vaccination trials during COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Karina Oleinik 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
COVID 19 infection originated in Wuhan, China in 2019 and impacted human health significantly. The public health emergency took urgent efforts to develop resistant vaccine to combat COVID 19 pandemic. The emergency use approval has been granted to COVID 19 vaccines before the completion of conventional phases of clinical vaccine trials. Nevertheless, there are few of comprehensive reviews of safety reported from the vaccine trials. This research examined the mechanism of COVID 19 vaccine and its impact on life’s sustainability. Furthermore, the research aims to provide the consequences of the vaccine trials using trustworthy and reliable sources of information. I searched three major databases (Google Scholar, PubMed and Embase) for published studies and articles between December 2019 and 2021. The researches I have read contained information about the infection itself, the vaccine and the way it works. Furthermore, I have created a survey about the vaccination and 55 volunteers have answered the questions. The analysis of the survey was shown as diagrams and charts. The statistics showed that 50% experienced cough, 37,5% had fever, 64,3 had severe headache, 21,4% had weight loss and 26,8% had breathing difficulties. Furthermore, 55% volunteers felt as usual and did not notice any changes in their well-being, 25% felt the same as during the infection,20% felt better and some of the symptoms started disappearing through the time. Talking about the vaccines, the most acceptable vaccine is Sputnik (30,4%). Novavax is also common among the volunteers (30,2%). Pfizer vaccine was applied to 17,9% and Moderna to 13,6%. 7,9% of volunteers have gone through other types of vaccines. Satisfaction with the vaccine’s impact on volunteer’s well-being is the most essential part of the survey. 25% of volunteers were glad about the vaccine, 25% were satisfied, though they noticed some pitfalls. 25% were not happy about the vaccine outcomes. 19,4% were unsatisfied with the consequences of the vaccine. Finally, 5,6% of volunteers regret about going through vaccination and have negative outcomes. In conclusion, people are frightened of vaccine trials because it is believed to be something unique and dangerous as it is unknown and must be proved on people by trials. A few volunteers have enough courage to take part in various experiments and save the humanity from severe infection. The main conclusion of the research is the evidence that vaccine trials must be held due to their positive results, though not all of them are successful. From the ethical side, human trials are brutal and should not be held because it may impact human’s well-being negatively.
Metagenomic analysis reveals differential effects of sewage treatment on the microbiome and antibiotic resistome in Bengaluru, India
Authors: Nataraj Annamalai , Mondhe Divya , Srikanta Vishwananth , Ishtiaq Farah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Climate change and health are closely linked to urban wastewater. In India, water security is a pressing issue. Water scarcity and decreased availability of agricultural water have led to a growing interest in using recycled irrigation water. Sewage treatment plants (STPs) provide environments that present great ecological opportunities, as well as niche availability for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) among pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. Reusing treated wastewater for irrigation can provide both economic and environmental advantages, as wastewater is a valuable source of nutrients. However, there is limited monitoring of treated wastewater parameters and its impact on ecosystem health.
Methods
In this study, we conducted a metagenomic analysis of the microbial diversity and antibiotic resistomes of 26 STPs in the urban sewage network of Bengaluru, India. We examined the differential effect of sewage processing methods from the inlet to the outlet of STPs.
Results
The overall pattern of microbiome diversity showed no change with seasons, there were temporal differences and a significant reduction in ARGs. We screened of 478 ARGs and found 273 ARGs in wastewater, including clinically relevant genes such as CTX-M, qnr, sul-1, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to six major classes of antibiotics. The richness of ARGs was higher in sewage inlets compared to outlets, and there was significant variation in the clustering of ARGs among STPs, but not among sewage processing methods. We observed a downward shift in drug classes from inlet to outlet samples, except for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, MLSB, and tetracycline. Inlet samples exhibited more complex and dense correlations between ARGs, and bacteria compared to outlet samples, indicating a higher diversity of ARGs in the sewage inflow.
Conclusions
Our findings serve as a baseline study that could aid in the quantification of genes from both culturable and nonculturable taxa. These findings will assist in the development of policies and strategies to address water quality issues such as the possible persistence of bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens associated with the use of recycled water. This is crucial for mitigating the impact of wastewater on the ecosystem health.
IMPROVING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANK IN INDONESIA THROUGH ISLAMIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND EARNING MANAGEMENT
Authors: Munifatussaidah Asma , Nurrahmaningsih Fauziah 
Published: January 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Islamic Corporate Governance dan Manajemen Laba terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Bank Syariah. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data sekunder. Data penelitian diperoleh dari dua belas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia tahun 2018-2022, yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Kemudian, teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Islamic corporate governance dan manajemen laba berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja keuangan bank syariah. Temuan penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa variabel Islamic corporate governance dapat membantu bank syariah di Indonesia dalam meningkatkan kinerja keuangan dengan adanya manajemen laba yang terkendali dari pihak bank syariah. Selain itu, temuan ini akan berkontribusi terhadap literatur mengenai variabel penentu kinerja keuangan bank syariah.
Kata Kunci: Kinerja Keuangan, Islamic Corporate Governance, Manajemen Laba, Bank Syariah

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of Islamic Corporate Governance and Earning Management variable toward the Financial Performance of Islamic Banks. The examination technique utilizes a quantitative methodology with optional information. The exploration information were acquired from 12 (twelve) Islamic Business Banks in Indonesia in 2018-2022 period, which were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Then, the analysis technique uses Pooled Least Square of regression analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that Islamic corporate governance and earnings management have a significant effect on the financial performance of Islamic banks. The findings of this study provide evidence that Islamic corporate governance variables can assist Islamic banks in Indonesia, improving financial performance with controlled earnings management on the part of Islamic banks. Furthermore, these discoveries will add to the writing with respect to the determinants of Islamic bank monetary execution.
Keywords: Financial Performance, Islamic Coporate Governance, Earning Management, Islamc bank.
THIRD PARTY FUNDS AND WORKING CAPITAL FINANCING AT ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA: ARDL-ECM APPROACH
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Riza Akmal 
Published: January 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dana pihak ketiga dan tingkat margin pembiayaan terhadap realisasi pembiayaan modal kerja yang disalurkan bank syariah pada sektor UMKM di Indonesia. Menggunakan data time series selama periode 2014.6-2018.9, model analisis yang digunakan adalah autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL). Penelitian mengungkapkan adanya hubungan kointegrasi jangka panjang antara realisasi pembiayaan dengan dana pihak ketiga dan tingkat margin pembiayaan. Dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek, dana pihak ketiga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pembiayaan modal kerja. Selanjutnya, tingkat margin berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan dalam jangka pendek, tetapi tidak berpengaruh dalam jangka panjang.
Kata kunci: Pembiayaan Modal Kerja, Dana Pihak Ketiga, tingkat Margin Pembiayaan, ARDL-ECM.

Abstract: This research aims to analyze the influence of third-party funds and the yield rate of financing on the realization of working capital financing distributed by Islamic banks to the MSMEs sector in Indonesia. Using time series data for the period 2014M6-2018M9, the analysis model used is autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL). The research pointed out that there is a long-term cointegration relationship between the realization of Islamic financing with third-party funds and the yield rate. In the long term and short term, third-party funds have a positive and significant effect on working capital financing. Furthermore, the yield rate has a negative and significant effect in the short term but has no effect in the long term.
Keywords: Working capital financing, Third-party funds, Yield rate of financing, ARDL-ECM.
Coupling Monte Carlo simulation with CRITIC-enhanced water quality assessment for the Weishui Reservoir
Authors: Ye Hui , Chen Libin , Zou Kaipeng , Wu Wenqi , Dan Ruming , Wang Yiran 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Traditional methods for water quality assessment often overlook the uncertainty of water quality data during the sample collection process, leading to limitations in their application. Therefore, this study combines the comprehensive water quality index (CWQI) method and the improved CWQI method based on CRITIC with the Monte Carlo method to evaluate the water quality in the Weishui Reservoir watershed. The results indicate that (1) there is a noticeable difference in water quality between the Shaxiping and Dayanzui sampling points. The water quality at the Shaxiping sampling point is excellent, with a water quality classification of Class I. In contrast, the water quality at the Dayanzui sampling point is comparatively poorer, with an average water quality classification of Class III. (2) Sensitivity analysis shows that TN, NH4+-N, and TP are more sensitive than other indicators, suggesting that they are the primary factors influencing the evaluation results. (3) Compared to the traditional CWQI method, combining the CRITIC-based improved CWQI method with the Monte Carlo method is more scientifically rigorous. It considers the variety of evaluation indicators, allocates weights rationally, and provides evaluation results that align better with seasonal variations, resulting in higher discriminative power.
Markers of Oxidative Stress and Tyrosinase Activity in Melasma Patients:
A Biochemical Investigation
Authors: Katiyar Shweta , Yadav Dhananjay , Singh Sanjeev K. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Melasma, oxidative stress, tyrosinase, antioxidants, Homogenized skin tissues, hyperpigmentation disease.

Aims:
To compare the levels of oxidative stress and tyrosinase activity in melasma patients with
healthy volunteers.

Methods:
After written consent, 130 patients were enrolled in a case–control study. 65 cases were
of melasma disorder, and 65 were served as control. Homogenized skin tissues were taken and
used to estimate superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione
peroxidase (GPx) (antioxidants), malondialdehyde (MDA) and tyrosine hydroxylase
(TH).

Results:
Melasma patients had lower basal levels of systemic antioxidants than healthy subjects.
Tyrosinase activity was shown to be greater in lesional skin than in non-lesional skin. In controls,
there was a good positive relationship between TH and MDA and an excellent negative relationship
between GPx and GSH. In melasma patients, there were significant associations between
CAT, GPx, SOD and MDA.

Conclusions:
Increased oxidative stress may affect tyrosinase activity and eumelanin synthesis
via the anabolic pathway of melanin synthesis, according to our findings. In conclusion, we discovered
a negative relationship between antioxidants and tyrosinase activity.