bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging gamification technology to motivate environmentally responsible behavior: An empirical examination of Ant Forest
Authors: Zhang Qingyu , Anwar Muhammad Azfar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRealizing the role of their consumers in mitigating environmental problems, companies have started leveraging gamification technology with persuasive interventions to induce consumers’ behavioral changes. Ant Forest—a gamified initiative launched by a prominent Chinese fintech company—empowers users to manage their ecological footprint and promote ethical behavior. However, the research community has primarily focused on Ant Forest's adoption and continuation intention, paying limited attention to how gamification promotes users’ environmentally responsible behavior (ERB) in the postadoption stage. This study contributes to this domain by developing a model based on persuasion and motivation theories and the “affordances–psychological outcomes–behavioral outcomes” framework. This model highlights the impact of gamification on consumers' ERB through psychological need satisfaction and belief or attitude persuasion. A total of 1869 survey responses regarding the use of Ant Forest were collected from nine cities in China. The results demonstrate that, from gamification experiences with Ant Forest, users perceive psychological need satisfaction (i.e., perceived autonomy, competence, and relatedness), which significantly explains their green beliefs and attitudes (i.e., green task performance, green belief confirmation, and green self‐identity), leading to increased ERB. Additionally, users with a higher green absorptive capacity demonstrate a stronger link between green beliefs or attitudes and ERB. This research shifts the focus from adoption and continuation intention to postadoption behavioral modification and offers insights into creating effective gamification systems for fostering ethical behavior and addressing environmental concerns.
Impact of a dual glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide/glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist tirzepatide on heart rate among patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and pairwise and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Yucheng , He Liyun , Liu Peng , Wang Jialu , Yang Na , Li Ziyi , Ping Fan , Xu Lingling , Li Wei , Zhang Huabing , Li Yuxiu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the impact of a dual glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist tirzepatide (TZP), and its potential dose‐response effect, on heart rate.MethodsArticles were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and clinical trials registries (ClinicalTrials.gov) databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TZP at doses of 5, 10 and 15 mg in adults with type 2 diabetes were included. Six study arms were summarized from original research (TZP 5, 10 and 15 mg, GLP‐1 receptor agonists [GLP‐1RAs], insulin, placebo). The GLP‐1RA and non‐GLP‐1RA groups were combined to form a control group. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of each study. Mean differences (MDs) were calculated as effect estimates for continuous outcomes. Pairwise meta‐analyses and network meta‐analyses were conducted. The study protocol was prospectively registered (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023418551).ResultsEight articles were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. The mean baseline heart rate ranged from 65.2 to 75.7 beats per minute. Pairwise meta‐analysis showed that, compared with combined the control group, there were significantly greater increases in heart rates in the TZP group (MD 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75, 2.89). Similar significant rises were identified when comparing TZP with GLP‐1RAs and non‐GLP‐1RAs (GLP‐1 RAs: MD 2.29, 95% CI 1.00, 3.59; non‐GLP‐1RAs: MD 1.58, 95% CI 0.26, 2.91). TZP 5 mg was associated with smaller increases in heart rates compared to TZP 10 mg and TZP 15 mg (TZP 10 mg: MD −0.97, 95% CI −1.79, −0.14; TZP 15 mg: MD −2.57, 95% CI −3.79, −1.35). TZP 10 mg increased heart rate less than TZP 15 mg (MD −1.5, 95% CI −2.38, −0.82). Network meta‐analysis indicated that TZP 15 mg was associated with significant increases in heart rate compared with TZP 5 mg (MD 2.53, 95% CI 1.43, 3.62), TZP 10 mg (MD 1.44, 95% CI 0.35, 2.53), GLP‐1RAs (MD 3.46, 95% CI 1.67, 5.25), insulin (MD 2.86, 95% CI 1.32, 4.41) and placebo (MD 2.96, 95% CI 1.36, 4.57).ConclusionsOur study showed not only that there was a greater increase in heart rate in the TZP group than in the control, GLP‐1RA and non‐GLP‐1RA groups, but also that the 15‐mg dose of TZP had the strongest impact on increasing heart rates compared with the other five inventions, with a TZP dose‐response impact on heart rate. Further research on the effects of TZP treatment‐related increases in heart rate is required.
Evolutionary and ecological forces shape nutrient strategies of mycorrhizal woody plants
Authors: Guo Lulu , Deng Meifeng , Li Xuefei , Schmid Bernhard , Huang Junsheng , Wu Yuntao , Peng Ziyang , Yang Lu , Liu Lingli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe associations of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) or ectomycorrhiza (EcM) fungi with plants have sequentially evolved and significantly contributed to enhancing plant nutrition. Nonetheless, how evolutionary and ecological forces drive nutrient acquisition strategies of AM and EcM woody plants remains poorly understood. Our global analysis of woody species revealed that, over divergence time, AM woody plants evolved faster nitrogen mineralization rates without changes in nitrogen resorption. However, EcM woody plants exhibited an increase in nitrogen mineralization but a decrease in nitrogen resorption, indicating a shift towards a more inorganic nutrient economy. Despite this alteration, when evaluating present‐day woody species, AM woody plants still display faster nitrogen mineralization and lower nitrogen resorption than EcM woody plants. This inorganic nutrient economy allows AM woody plants to thrive in warm environments with a faster litter decomposition rate. Our findings indicate that the global pattern of nutrient acquisition strategies in mycorrhizal plants is shaped by the interplay between phylogeny and climate.
Urban military geographies: New directions in the (re)production of space, militarism, and the urban
Authors: Spanu Giacomo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractArmed forces in urban areas are a very visible source of socio‐spatial and urban change. Even in contemporary cities ‘at peace’, this presence and ensuing changes can be wide‐ranging, evident across infrastructure, organisations, narratives of place, events, and everyday activities. Although over the past 2 decades critical military studies and urban geopolitics have explored some of these themes, an urban studies perspective on such military geographies in peacetime has elicited far less attention. The aim of this article is to open up opportunities for deeper conceptualisation and research on urban military geographies. This article establishes a dialogue between critical military studies and urban geopolitics, to review the different dimensions of the influence of a military presence in urban space, and to provide a synthesis of these two bodies of literature. Using Lefebvre's dialectical theory of spatial production, this review shows how cities can be privileged spaces for the reproduction of militarism and preparation for war. Moreover, it examines how the presence of military forces in peacetime can influence the material and immaterial production of urban space.
Effect of gluten protein levels on physicochemical and fermentation properties of corn dough
Authors: Xie Dongdong , Li Xing , Li Xinhao , Ren Shuncheng 
Published: October 2023

SummaryIn this experiment, the effects of gluten protein levels of 6.83% (low gluten), 10.24 (medium gluten), and 13.65% (high gluten), on the physicochemical and fermentation properties of corn dough, were studied. The water absorption and weakening of corn dough increased significantly with gluten protein addition, but the development time was gradually shortened. The gas retention capacity of the dough was improved by the addition of gluten protein, which delayed the gas leakage time. The G′ and G" modulus decreased, while Tan δ increased with the increase of gluten protein content. After fermentation, corn dough with 13.65% gluten protein content had the least amount of free water. Total sulfhydryl bond content and disulfide bond content were highest in the dough with a gluten protein content of 13.65%, but irregular curling was not observed. Doughs with gluten protein content of 6.83% were less viscoelastic and elastic compared to doughs with gluten protein content of 10.24%. The gluten protein content of over 10.24% greatly improved the rheological properties of corn dough to a greater extent by strengthening the network structure of the dough.
Pre‐stroke anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in primary English speakers and non‐primary English speakers: a multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bacchi Stephen , Kovoor Joshua G. , Goh Rudy , Gupta Aashray K. , Tan Sheryn , Ovenden Christopher D. , To Minh‐Son , Moey Andrew , Sanders Prashanthan , Chew Derek P. , Schultz David , Kovoor Pramesh , Kleinig Timothy , Jannes Jim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnticoagulation can prevent most strokes in individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF); however, many people presenting with stroke and known AF are not anticoagulated. Language barriers and poor health literacy have previously been associated with decreased patient medication adherence. The association between language barriers and initiation of anticoagulation therapy for AF is uncertain.AimsThe aims of this study were to determine whether demographic factors, including non‐English primary language, were (1) associated with not being initiated on anticoagulation for known AF prior to admission with stroke, and (2) associated with non‐adherence to anticoagulation in the setting of known AF prior to admission with stroke.MethodsA multicentre retrospective cohort study was conducted for consecutive individuals admitted to the three South Australian tertiary hospitals with stroke units over a 5‐year period.ResultsThere were 6829 individuals admitted with stroke. These cases included 5835 ischaemic stroke patients, 1333 of whom had pre‐existing AF. Only 40.0% presenting with ischaemic stroke in the setting of known pre‐existing AF were anticoagulated. When controlling for demographics, socioeconomic status and past medical history (including the components of the CHADS2VASC score and anticoagulation contraindications), having a primary language other than English was associated with a lower likelihood of having been commenced on anticoagulant for known pre‐stroke AF (odds ratio: 0.52, 95% confidence interval: 0.36–0.77, P = 0.001), but was not associated with a differing likelihood of anticoagulation adherence.ConclusionsA significant proportion of patients with stroke have pre‐existing unanticoagulated AF; these rates are substantially higher if the primary language is other than English. Targeted research and interventions to minimise evidence‐treatment gaps in this cohort may significantly reduce stroke burden.
Prevalence of wound infections and postoperative complications after total elbow arthroplasty for rheumatoid arthritis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Qi‐Yuan , Liu Li , Gu Fang‐Zhou 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to systematically evaluate the prevalence of surgical site wound infections and postoperative complications after total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for clinical research and application. Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wanfang databases were electronically searched to collect clinical studies on the application of TEA in the treatment of RA from inception to August 2023. Two independent researchers performed literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. A meta‐analysis was performed using the R 4.3.1 software. Overall, 26 studies with a total of 2374 patients were included. The results of the meta‐analysis revealed that after TEA in patients with RA, the prevalence of surgical site wound infections and postoperative complications was 3.37% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.68%–4.13%), and 31.63% (95% CI: 24.97%–38.28%), respectively. The prevalence of surgical site wound infections is low, whereas that of postoperative complications is high; thus, the safety of TEA remains debatable. Owing to limitations on the quality and number of included studies, the findings need to be verified in higher‐quality studies.
2 Epidemiology of Suicide in the Elderly
Authors: McIntosh John L. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTSuicide rates in the United States and most other countries are higher among the elderly than among the population as a whole. Typically, rates peak in older adulthood. Epidemiological data for the current levels and trends in suicide among the elderly are presented with a focus on United States figures. Age, sex, race, marital status, and methods of suicide as factors in suicide among the old are detailed, followed by a discussion of past trends and future predictions of changes in elderly suicide rates. In addition to fatal suicidal behaviors, the data and literatures on parasuicide and survivors of elderly suicide are briefly noted.
4 Biology of Elderly Suicide
Authors: Rifai A. H. , Reynolds C. F. , Mann J. J. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTMost studies of suicide in younger patients have demonstrated significant alterations in the serotonin system. Although a high percentage of completed suicides occur in late‐life, to date very few studies of the biology of suicide have focused on this age group. This chapter describes age‐related changes in the central nervous system pertinent to the biology of suicide, then reviews port‐mortem biological studies of the brains of suicides and suicide attempters. As suicide attempts in the elderly are characterized by the use of violent means, biologic studies of impulsive violence are discussed. Finally we describe data on the effect of degenerative diseases on the serotonin system and the possible link to increased suicidal behavior in affected patients. This review underscores the need for further study of the biology of suicide in the geriatric age group.
Generalist CEOs and conditional accounting conservatism
Authors: Hrazdil Karel , Liang Yi , Ruan Lufei , Song Hakjoon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGeneralist chief executive officers (CEOs) have accumulated transferrable general skills by working in multiple firms or industries. Recent decades have witnessed an increasing demand for generalist CEOs, which has resulted in a favorable job market for them. Favorable outside job opportunities reduce generalist CEOs’ career concerns and increase their agency problems and risk‐taking incentives. We examine the relation between generalist CEOs and conditional conservatism. On the one hand, conditional conservatism could be positively associated with generalist CEOs because debtholders and shareholders often demand conservatism to alleviate heightened agency problems. On the other hand, a negative association could obtain because generalist CEOs can (1) create better information environments for firms, reduce information asymmetry and lessen stakeholders’ demand for conservatism and (2) have greater bargaining power and reduce the supply of conservatism. We document a positive association between generalist CEOs and conditional conservatism and show that the relationship is more pronounced in firms with a higher demand for conservatism. Our results are robust to a variety of sensitivity tests.
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ablation with a novel temperature‐controlled CF‐sensing catheter: Q‐FFICIENCY clinical and healthcare utilization benefits
Authors: Hussein Ayman A. , Delaughter M. Craig , Monir George , Natale Andrea , Dukkipati Srinivas , Oza Saumil , Daoud Emile , Di Biase Luigi , Mansour Moussa , Fishel Robert , Valderrabano Miguel , Ellenbogen Kenneth , Osorio Jose ,   the Q‐FFICIENCY investigators
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter Q‐FFICIENCY study demonstrated the safety and 12‐month efficacy of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation with the novel QDOT MICRO temperature‐controlled, contact force‐sensing, radiofrequency (RF) catheter. Participants underwent pulmonary vein isolation with very high‐power short‐duration (vHPSD) mode (90 W, ≤4 s) alone or combined with conventional‐power temperature‐controlled (CPTC) mode (25–50 W). This study aimed to assess quality‐of‐life (QOL) and healthcare utilization (HCU) benefits experienced by Q‐FFICIENCY study participants.MethodsBesides evaluating procedural efficiency, QOL and HCU were assessed through 12 months postablation via Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality‐of‐Life Tool (AFEQT) score, antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) use, and incidence of cardioversion and cardiovascular hospitalization.ResultsOf 191 participants enrolled, 166 were ablated with the new catheter. Compared to baseline, statistically significant, clinically meaningful improvements in composite and subcategories of AFEQT scores were observed at 3 months and sustained through 12 months (12‐month increase, 29.3–44.2 points). Class I/III AAD use decreased from 97.6% (162/166) at baseline to 19.6% (31/158) during Months 6–12, representing a significant 79.9% reduction. The cardioversion rate significantly declined by 93.9% from 31.3% (12 months preablation) to 1.9% (evaluation period). One‐year Kaplan–Meier estimates of freedom from all‐cause and cardiovascular hospitalization were 80.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74.8%–86.9%) and 88.8% (95% CI, 84.0%–93.7%), respectively.ConclusionsParoxysmal AF ablation with the novel temperature‐controlled RF catheter in vHPSD mode, alone or with CPTC mode, led to clinically meaningful improvement in QOL and significant reduction in AAD use, cardioversion, and cardiovascular hospitalization.
RETRO‐mapping: A novel algorithm automating wavefront categorization using activation mapping during persistent atrial fibrillation demonstrates a reduction in wavefront collisions following pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Coyle Clare , Kanella Ilektra , Mann Ian , Qureshi Norman , Linton Nick W. F. , Kanagaratnam Prapa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRETRO‐mapping was developed to automate activation mapping of atrial fibrillation (AF). We used the algorithm to study the effect of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) on the frequency of focal, planar, and colliding wavefronts in persistent AF. An AFocusII catheter was placed on the left atrial endocardium to record 3 s of AF at six sites pre and post‐PVI in patients undergoing wide circumferential PVI for persistent AF. RETRO‐mapping analyzed each segment in 2 ms time windows for evidence of focal, planar, and colliding waveforms and the automated categorizations manually validated. Ten patients were recruited. A total of 360 s of data in 120 segments of 3 s from 60 left atrial locations were analyzed. RETRO‐map was highly effective at identifying focal waves and collisions during AF. PVI significantly reduced collision frequency but not focal and planar activation frequency. However, there was a significant reduction in the dispersion of activation directions. Larger studies may help determine factors associated with successful clinical outcome.
Epigenetic regulation of N‐hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis by the AIPP3‐PHD2‐CPL2 complex
Authors: Lan Jiameng , Chen Siyu , Pico Joana , Ao Kevin , Xia Shitou , Wang Shucai , Li Xin , Castellarin Simone D. , Zhang Yuelin 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTN‐Hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) is a signaling molecule crucial for systemic acquired resistance (SAR), a systemic immune response in plants that provides long‐lasting and broad‐spectrum protection against secondary pathogen infections. To identify negative regulators of NHP biosynthesis, we performed a forward genetic screen to search for mutants with elevated expression of the NHP biosynthesis gene FLAVIN‐DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE 1 (FMO1). Analysis of two constitutive expression of FMO1 (cef) and one induced expression of FMO1 (ief) mutants revealed that the AIPP3–PHD2–CPL2 protein complex, which is involved in the recognition of the histone modification H3K27me3 and transcriptional repression, contributes to the negative regulation of FMO1 expression and NHP biosynthesis. Our study suggests that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in controlling FMO1 expression and NHP levels in plants.
Pushed Out and Drawn In: Exclusionary Discipline, Mental Health, and Protective Factors Among Youth in Public Schools
Authors: So Marvin , Freese Rebecca L. , Barnes Andrew J. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundExclusionary discipline (ED) has long been an educational equity concern, but its relationship with student health and protective factors is less understood.MethodsUsing population‐based public school student data (N = 82,216), we examined associations between past‐month ED and positive depression and anxiety screening instrument results. We also assessed whether each of 9 potential protective factors moderated the ED‐mental health relationship by testing interaction effects.ResultsOver 1 in 10 youth experienced past‐month ED, with variation by sex, gender identity, special education status, poverty, region, race/ethnicity, and adverse childhood experiences. Net of sociodemographic factors, youth who experienced ED had higher likelihood for current depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.55, 1.73) and anxiety (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.41, 1.58) symptoms. Significant associations were robust across 5 racial/ethnic groups, except for anxiety among American Indian/Alaska Native youth. Individual, interpersonal, and school‐level protective factors appeared to mitigate depression and anxiety regardless of disciplinary experience.Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and EquityOur findings document ED disproportionality and possible ramifications for emotional well‐being.ConclusionsIn concert with structural efforts to reduce reliance on ED, strategies that bolster protective factors may support youth already impacted by ED and/or mental health problems.