bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chapter IV
Authors: Tenney Tabitha Gilman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The next morning, the cunning James, as soon as he saw Dorcasina, took the opportunity of presenting his master’s compliments, and of informing her that he felt so well that he intended doing himself the pleasure of dining below. This agreeable piece of intelligence set Dorcasina all into a flutter. She had not been in the chamber of the invalid for more than a week, consequently she had not seen him in all that time, although she fancied she had passed almost every evening in his company. She was now transported with joy, at his being so far recovered, that she could have the pleasure of seeing him below, in the day time, in company with her father. She went immediately, her countenance beaming with satisfaction, to communicate to him the joyful intelligence; after which, she added, “this ought to be a day of jubilee, and I think on such an occasion, we should call in our friends to rejoice with us. Suppose we invite Mr. and Mrs. Stanly, and Harriot, to dine with us.” “With all my heart, my dear,” replied Mr. Sheldon, “I shall be very happy to see them.” A servant was accordingly dispatched with an invitation.
Chapter XI
Authors: Tenney Tabitha Gilman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It was now April, the trees began to put forth their infant buds, the tender grass began to spring, and numerous birds were heard at early dawn, rejoicing in the rennovated year. Dorcasina, not insensible to the charms of the season, her health now improved by the almighty and irresistible power of love, dressed herself with unusual care, intending, with the assistance of John, to leave her chamber, and visit the house below, a thing she had not done for four months before.
Chapter XIII
Authors: Tenney Tabitha Gilman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
On the day of this direful disaster, Miss Stanly waited, with the utmost impatience, for evening. “Twilight grey,” at length “clad all things in its sober livery,” and this charming girl hastened to her chamber, and clad herself in the military livery of her country. Her coat was blue, faced with buff, and her underclothes of the latter colour. She turned back her hair; her eyebrows, which were regular and arched, as if drawn by a pencil, she altered and enlarged with a burnt cork, and adding a little rouge to her native red, her appearance became quite masculine; and seldom have mortal eyes beheld a more beautiful young fellow than she appeared to be. Hanging a sword by her side, and throwing over the whole a broadcloth cloak, she set out, in high spirits, for the mansion of Dorcasina.
A Gift of Peace
Authors: Clark E Culpepper 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
When Dean Adams went public with the university ‘s view of Lucy and Myers, he turned to Wayne Phillips of the New York Times. Of all the reporters in Tuscaloosa, none took a more sympathetic approach to the university ‘s problems. Phillips was a maturing reporter who, along with Tad Szulc and Bernard Kalb, occupied the second row on the rewrite bank at the Times. These three were gifted, “very fast and lively,” and the city editor did not object when they hung a sign over their desks that proclaimed: “Greatest Bank in the World-Human Interest Compounded Nightly.”1 Phillips displayed his talent in a feature for the New York Times Magazine titled “Tuscaloosa: A Tense Drama Unfolds.”2 ‘ ‘Tuscaloosa,” he wrote, “could be a middlesized city in any part of the United States.
Class of‘65
Authors: Clark E Culpepper 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The class of ‘65 experienced campus life in a radically different way. Transforming events took place during their school days. There was still time to join fraternities, to “twist and shout,” to wear madras shirts, Villager dresses, and Bass Weejun shoes; still time to sweat through hot September football games and take your girl to the drive-in theater, where an unlucky fellow might see My Fair Lady in its entirety without distraction. But slow-dancing to “Moon River” or whiling away time at Pug ‘s were happy hours enacted against a backdrop of profound change; change with which each student in the class of ‘65 would have to come to terms.
The Secularization of Technology and Work
Authors: Sommerville C John 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Any discussion of the secularization of work will reveal certain assumptions. It would be well to mention them at once so that they may be tested, but also so that they can direct us to the evidence, which is slim for this most important topic. While work filled up most people’s lives, it seems to have been the last thing they wanted to write about. The hints which we find must be magnified to get a sense of their importance.
Jewish Migration in Postwar America: The Case of Miami and Los Angeles
Authors: Moore Deborah Dash 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Second World War and its aftermath ushered in a period of enormous changes for American Jews. The destruction of European Jewry shattered the familiar con tours of the Jewish world and transformed American Jews into the largest, wealthiest, most stable and secure Jewish community in the diaspora. American Jews’ extensive participation in the war effort at home and abroad lifted them out of their urban neighborhoods into the mainstream of American life. In the postwar decades, internal migration carried Jews to new and distant parts of the United States. Occurring within the radically new parameters of the postwar world-the extermination of European Jewry, the establishment of the state of Israel and the United States’ achievement of unrivaled prominence on the world political scene Jewish migration nonetheless represented a response to domestic pressures.
Calamity: 1794–1827
Authors: Nagel Paul C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Richard Bland Lee’s first campaign for a wife failed dismally. He sought to win a daughter of King Carter’s grandson and namesake, Robert Carter of Nomini Hall, a great Potomac estate situated near Lee Hall. At Christ mas time 1790, Carter loftily rejected Richard’s suit. Ostensibly, the reason was Carter’s disagreement with Congressman Lee’s political views. Perhaps equally harmful to Richard’s cause was that Carter knew all about the Lees and the rising problem at Stratford. The prospect of a daughter married to a brother of Harry Lee could not have appealed to the Carter family.
The Pharmacology of Brain Injury Repair
Authors: Stein Donald G , Brailowsky Simon , Will Bruno 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Currently, no available medications exist that can be used clinically to repair brain damage caused by stroke or trauma. A contributing factor is that the scientific and medical community has been skeptical about the possibility of restoring function to damaged nerve cells. If most authorities believe that damage to the central nervous system and spinal cord cannot be repaired, few drug companies will invest the time and money that are required to develop new drugs.
The Display of Sovereign Prerogative
Authors: Peirce Leslie P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
According to Evliya (;elebi, the seventeenth-century traveler and recorder of Ottoman customs and mores, the mosque of the valide sultan Nurbanu was “a mountain of light.”1 This was an apt tribute to the public monument of a woman whose name meant “lady of light.” Visible in other areas of the city from its location on a hill above the district of Uskiidar, this imposing structure was the only imperial mosque to be built in the capital by a member of the dynastic family between the construction of the Siileymaniye in 1557 and the mosque of Ahmet I in 1617. Completed in 1583, the year of Nurbanu’s death, her large complex included the mosque, a religious college, a school for the study of prophetic tradition, a primary school, a school to teach reading to the illiterate, a dervish convent, and a hospital. It also contained a large public complex for travelers and the homeless consisting of two hostels, small heated rooms in which visitors might rest or eat, a refectory, a soup kitchen for the poor and homeless, a storehouse, and other attendant structures.2 Nearby was located a public bath, the income from whose fees was devoted to the upkeep of the mosque and its affiliated institutions. Among the amenities of the complex noted by Evliya was the Thursday evening meal served in the soup kitchen, which featured a dish of sweetened rice colored with saffron, a treat normally reserved for weddings.3
Early American Historians of Psychiatry: 1910–1960
Authors: Mora George 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The first scholarly writing in the United States on the history of psychiatry appeared well after that in the major Western and Central European countries. In the New World, the long, cumulative cultural traditions of classical antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the Renaissance were lacking. By and large, throughout the nineteenth century, intellectual and scientific inquiry remained at a level far below Europe’s. As a consequence, nineteenth-century American asylum physicians displayed almost no interest in the history of the care of the mentally ill. There is no evidence in the publications or private libraries of American alienists during this period of the historical writings of figures such as Philippe Pinel, J. E. D. Esquirol, J. C. A. Heinroth, and E. Feuchtersleben. Even the British literature on the history of psychiatry, such as Daniel Hack Tuke’s Insanity in Ancient and Modern Life (1878), which was available to American doctors in view of the common language, elicited little resonance in psychiatric circles. To be sure, some of the earliest representatives of American psychiatry (particularly Pliny Earle) spent time in European centers and visited old and well-known facilities for the mentally ill, such as the famous colony of Gheel in Belgium. But their reports about these travels focused on current practical approaches to the mentally ill rather than on historical background. A perusal of the volumes of the American Journal of Insanity indicates that the overriding emphasis was on institutional and clinical matters.2 Similarly, the pioneering historical monographs by nineteenth-century German psychiatrists that Otto Marx discussed in the preceding essay in this volume seem to have remained unknown in America until the advent of the twentieth century.
Philip Rieff: The Critic of Psychoanalysis as Cultural Theorist
Authors: Piver Kenneth S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Beyond all the particularities of therapeutic techniques and psychological complexes, there lies at the center of the Freudian text, according to Philip Rieff, an answer to a question of such tremendous significance that it has been resisted by some of the greatest minds of this century; not least, Freud himself. As one of the foremost scholars of the cultural significance of Freud and his theory, Rieff in recent years has come to assert the provocative, yet highly problematic, idea that Freud has reduced the “parent” question of humanity, i.e., “Am I Thy master or art Thou mine?” to merely “a question of parents” and thus resisted his own greatest insight.1 For over thirty years, Philip Rieff has been minding the mind of Sigmund Freud in an attempt to find his way closer to a response to this question at the core of all received notions of culture, character, and conduct. To this end, since the publication of the now classic exegesis Freud: The Mind of the Moralist in 1959, Rieff has been probing the tension between instinctual candor and the renunciations essential for civilized culture. From that work hence, it is my theory that Rieff has slowly, and more or less wittingly, evolved from a primarily analytical interpreter of the cultural significance of psychoanalysis into a classically conservative prophet of cultural demise.
Transaction Cost Economics
Authors: Williamson Oliver E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent and continuing headway notwithstanding, transaction cost economics maintains that our understanding of the economic institutions of capitalism-firms, markets, hybrids, bureaus-is very primitive. It subscribes to the following modest research objective: “to organize our necessarily incomplete perceptions about the economy, to see connections that the untutored eye would miss, to tell plausible ... causal stories with the help of a few central principles, and to make rough quantitative judgments about the consequences of economic policy and other exogenous events” (Solow, 1985, p. 329).
Comparative Economic Organization: The Analysis of Discrete Structural Alternatives
Authors: Williamson Oliver E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Although microeconomic organization is formidably complex and has long resisted systematic analysis, that has been changing as new modes of analysis have become available, as recognition of the importance of institutions to economic performance has grown, and as the limits of earlier modes of analysis have become evident. Information economics, game theory, agency theory, and population ecology have all made significant advances.This chapter approaches the study of economic organization from a comparative institutional point of view in which transaction-cost economizing is featured. Comparative economic organization never examines organization forms separately but always in relation to alternatives. Transaction-cost economics places the principal burden of analysis on comparisons of transaction costs-which, broadly, are the “costs of running the economic system” (Arrow, 1969, p. 48).
Transaction Cost Economics and Organization Theory
Authors: Williamson Oliver E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Economic and sociological approaches to economic organization have reached a state of healthy tension. That is to be contrasted with an earlier state of affairs in which the two approaches were largely disjunct, hence ignored one another, or described each other’s research agendas and research accomplishments with disdain (Swedberg, 1990, p. 4). Healthy tension involves genuine give-and-take. Neither the obsolescence of organization theory, to which Charles Perrow has recently alluded (1992, p. 162), nor the capitulation of economics, to which James March (tongue-in-cheek) remarks, is implied.
Introduction: The United States and Czarist Russia
Authors: Powaski Ronald E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It seems, in hindsight, that the Cold War was inevitable. From the very beginning of the Russian-American relationship, except for a brief period in 1917, the ideologies of the two nations were fundamentally incompatible. Founded in 1776, the young United States was republican and democratic; Russia, on the other hand, was an old autocracy, hostile to democracy, xenophobic, and known for ruthless suppression of its numerous subjects.
Eisenhower and the Globalization of the Cold War, 1953-1961
Authors: Powaski Ronald E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Cold War deepened and expanded during the administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower. While the superpower stalemate was maintained in Europe, the rearmament of West Germany, the Hungarian Revolution, and the status of Berlin were among the issues that aggravated Cold War tensions on that continent during the Eisenhower years. Although Eisenhower kept his promise to end the Korean War, Sino-American relations remained frigid, and, in fact, were aggravated during two crises in the Tai¬ wan Strait. During the Eisenhower years, the United States also became more deeply involved in Indochina and took the first steps down the slippery slope to the Vietnam quagmire. The Cold War also intensified in the Middle East, as a result
Sound and Fury
Authors: staccatto sempre 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
When John Grierson ( 1898-1972), son of a Scots schoolmaster and grandson of a lighthouse keeper, was studying at Glasgow University and earning distinction in moral philosophy, he was already thinking about film. He sensed that film and other popular media had acquired leverage over ideas and actions once exercised by church and school. These thoughts became the mainspring of his life.
Clouded Lens
Authors: ritardo poco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Several trends emerged as the smoke of battle cleared. One was toward documentary-like fiction. The widespread ruins of war helped set this trend in motion: they served as invitation to reconstruct the war experience and at the same time to mythologize it. Thus an environment of devastation gave birth to the Italian Open City (Roma, Città Aperta, 1945) by Roberto Rossellini, and Vittorio de Sica’s Shoeshine (Sciuscià, 1946), based on a script by Cesare Zavattini— films that launched a “neorealist” movement. The trend was widely followed: in France with Railway Battle (Bataille du Rail, 1945), by René Clément; in Germany with a number of “rubble films” including The Murderers Are Among Us (Die Mörder Sind Unter Uns, 1946), by Wolfgang Staudte; and in the Swiss production The Search (1948), directed by Fred Zinnemann. All depended heavily on location-shooting. While they showed the influence of war documentaries, they were really a step back into the latitudes of fiction.
Mandatory Parade Permits
Authors: Baker C Edwin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
During a single hour on the evening of July 8, 1939, approximately 26,000 people passed by an intersection in Manchester, New Hampshire. Included among those 26,000 were about eighty-eight Jehovah’s Witnesses divided into four or five small groups. The people in each group walked single file and carried small staffs and signs. The only legally relevant difference between their conduct and that of the other 26,000 is that the Jehovah’s Witnesses walked “in formation” in small, organized groups or “moving assemblies” in order to be expressive rather than singly or in groups in order to engage in shopping, business, travel or other similar pursuits. This single difference in what these people did, walking in an “assembly” that the first amendment presumably protects, turned out to be crucial. It made them guilty of a criminal offense. The law required these Jehovah’s Witnesses, unlike all other people walking by the intersection that evening, to apply to the government for special permission and pay the government a special fee.
Absolute Protection: Tentative Principles
Authors: Baker C Edwin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An absolutist approach to time, place, and manner regulations must determine which rules or government practices “abridge” freedom of speech or the right to assemble peaceably. Not all laws that have the effect of restricting some speech or assembly amount to an abridgement. For example, laws outlawing trespass on “private” property are not unconstitutional merely because of their restrictive effect on some expressive conduct. Whether an abridgement occurs depends on how the rule restricts freedom and whether restricting freedom should be understood as the rule’s purpose.
Commercial Speech: A Problem in the Theory of Freedom
Authors: Baker C Edwin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Judicial analysis of commercial speech has exhibited doctrinal flux and intellectual failure. When in 1942 the Court first considered the issue, in an opinion that Justice Douglas later described as “casual, almost offhand [and as] not surviv[ing] reflection,” the Court in Valentine v. Chrestensen2 denied all first amendment protection to “purely commercial advertising.” For the next thirty three years, this commercial speech exception continually eluded either theoretical justification3 or precise definition.4 During the later portion of this period, both academic5 and judicial6 criticism of the exception grew. Predictably, the situation was unstable. Finally, the Court changed course in two decisions in 1975 and 1976, Bigelow v. Virginia,7 and Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council.8 It announced that it could find no justification for excluding commercial speech from first amendment protection and accordingly would henceforth treat commercial speech like other varieties of speech.9
Videoportraits and Authority
Authors: Tichi Cecelia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
These kinds of irreverent lines seem woven into the very fabric of memoir and fiction of the 197os-199os, and they can appear quite casual, as if Presidents naturally draw skeptical or scathing remarks whenever their close-up images appear on television. And why not?-satiric tradition thrives on such iconoclasm. The comedian, Lennie Bruce, convulsed night club audiences in the early 1960s with his imitation of Richard Nixon, and the popularity of Vaughan Meader’s record album, The First Family, a spoof of the Kennedys, was curtailed only by the November, 1963, assassination. And television itself has broadcast successful presidential satire, from Dan Ackroyd’s Nixon through Dana Carvey’s George Bush on Saturday Night Live.
Elizabeth Bishop
Authors: Doreski C K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Doreski’s book examines Elizabeth VBishop’s rhetorical strategies as they shape the formal and thematic movements of her poetry and stories. It deals with her poetic not as a visual or geographical one, but as a series of linguistic stratgegies designed to create the maximum illusion of representation whilst resisting the romantic devices of self-revelation and solipsistic narration. Her poetry emphasizes control over language, voice and personality, yet becomes autobiographical in a more profound way than has usually been assumed. Unlike other recent studies of Bishop, this concerns itself less with her visual imagery than with her poetic, which is Emersonian and Worsworthian, yet critiques the romantic use of transcendence and epiphany. Bishop takes advantage of the inadequacies of language, and with a post-modern sense of limitation explores silences and bridges them with the mundane - thus leaving an air of emotional intimacy without committing itself to the banality of full exposure. Finding the poems and stories mutually illuminating, this study moves back and forth among Bishop’s works, but acknowledges the intelligent ordering of the volumes Bishop published in her lifetime.
Law in a Digital World
Authors: Katsh M Ethan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The world of law is a world of information. Rules, judgments, decisions, interpretations, and agreements all involve using and communicating information. Today, we are experiencing a significant transition, from letters fixed on paper to information stored electronically. The digital era, where information is created, stored, and communicated electronically, is quickly approaching, if not already here. The future of law will no longer be found in impressive buildings and leather-bound books, but in small pieces of silicon, in streams of light, and in millions of miles of wires and cable. It will be a world of new relationships and greater possibilities for individual and group communication, an environment where the value of information increases as it is shared. In Law in a Digital world, M. Ethan Katsh explores how these new technologies will alter one of our most central institutions. He considers the different ways in which people will not only electronically read and write, but also interact with our vast storehouses of legal knowledge and information. He envisions how sounds and pictures will play into the largely imageless print world of law, and looks at the future importance of graphic and nontextual communication. He explores how the flexible, personalized organization of data will transform the way we gather information, and whether information can or cannot be contained, raising questions of copyright and privacy. What happens to the law when information is more plentiful and accessible? What happens to those people who suddenly have access to information never before available? Does the use of information in a new form change the institution, the user, and those who come in contact with the user? And, what role does the lawyer play in all of this? For citizens, for lawyers, for all those who will be part of the digital world rushing toward us, Katsh answers these questions while considering the implications of this new era.