bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomes: Friends or Foes in Microbial Infections?
Authors: Teymouri Samane , Pourhajibagher Maryam , Bahador Abbas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
The use of new approaches is necessary to address the global issue of infections caused by
drug-resistant pathogens. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising approach that
reduces the emergence of drug resistance, and no resistance has been reported thus far. APDT involves
using a photosensitizer (PS), a light source, and oxygen. The mechanism of aPDT is that a
specific wavelength of light is directed at the PS in the presence of oxygen, which activates the PS
and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), consequently causing damage to microbial cells. However,
due to the PS's poor stability, low solubility in water, and limited bioavailability, it is necessary
to employ drug delivery platforms to enhance the effectiveness of PS in photodynamic therapy
(PDT). Exosomes are considered a desirable carrier for PS due to their specific characteristics, such
as low immunogenicity, innate stability, and high ability to penetrate cells, making them a promising
platform for drug delivery. Additionally, exosomes also possess antimicrobial properties, although in
some cases, they may enhance microbial pathogenicity. As there are limited studies on the use of
exosomes for drug delivery in microbial infections, this review aims to present significant points that
can provide accurate insights.
Yiqi Jiedu Xiaoying Decoction Improves Experimental Autoimmune
Thyroiditis in Rats by Regulating Th17/Treg Cell Balance
Authors: Zhu Hui , Mu Shumin , Liu Shiyin , Cui Yang , Ren Jianyu , Yang Enquan , Wang Lining , Cui Xiaoke , Ren Ailing 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) is a widely used animal
model to study the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Yiqi Jiedu
Xiaoying Decoction (YJXD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula with potential immunomodulatory
effects. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of YJXD on EAT in
rats and explored its underlying mechanisms.

Methods:
Female Wistar rats were induced to develop EAT by immunization with thyroglobulin
(Tg) and taken sodium iodide water (0.05%) and then treated with YJXD or sodium selenite.
HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of thyroid tissue in EAT rats. Th17 and
Treg cell frequencies were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of Th17- and
Treg-related cytokines and thyroid autoantibody were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). The expression of Th17- and Treg-related transcriptional factors was detected
by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results:
Our results demonstrated that treatment with YJXD significantly attenuated the severity
of EAT, as evidenced by reduced thyroid gland inflammatory infiltration and decreased serum thyroglobulin
autoantibody levels. Importantly, YJXD treatment effectively modulated the Th17/Treg
cell balance by suppressing Th17 cell differentiation and promoting Treg cell expansion. Moreover,
YJXD was also found to regulate the expression levels of Th17- and Treg-related cytokines
and transcriptional factors, further supporting its immunomodulatory effects in EAT.

Conclusion:
YJXD exerted therapeutic effects on EAT by regulating the Th17/Treg cell balance,
modulating the production of Th17- and Treg-related cytokines and the expression of
transcriptional factors.
Analisa Stabilitas Bendung Penggung Kecamatan Wonosegoro Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Alvianto Hanindyatama Gusti , Runi Asmaranto  , Andre Primantyo H  
Published: February 2024

Bendung Penggung dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan irigasi maupun memenuhi kebutuhan air bagi masyarakat. Kerusakan pada bendung ini dapat menghambat peran dari Bendung. Analisia stabilitas bendung diperlukan untuk mengatasi kerusakan yang terjadi. Analisis ini dapat dilakukan dengan bantuan software Plaxis 2D Versi 2.0. Berdasarkan hasil analisis stabilitas, diketahui bendung ini tidak aman terhadap piping, sehingga diperlukan penambahan creep length sepanjang 4 meter. Di samping itu, stabilitas terhadap tahan terhadap guling, geser, dan daya dukung telah memenuhi syarat dimana Sf > 1,5. Setelah melakukan analisis stabilitas, diperlukan analisis Rancangan Anggaran Biaya (RAB).Penambahan creep length pada Bendung Penggung diperlukan biaya sebesar Rp 114,238,433.95.
PENGALAMAN PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RSIA MARDI WALOEJA RAMPAL, MALANG
Authors: Elyana Dipa , Utarini Adi , Sari Betha Candra 
Published: February 2024

Background: In recent years, there has been a trend away from global satisfaction measures to a more detailed measurement of the patient experience. While the measurement of service quality through patient experience is still rarely done in Indonesia. The number of hospitals in Malang city increase every year that creates fairly tough competition in hospital business. To answer that challenge, RSIA Mawar has measured the patient satisfaction index with an achievement of 82-89% with the lowest satisfaction score in outpatient services. Even so, hospital still received several negative comments written by patients in the 'suggestions and input' column on the patient satisfaction form. This indicates that the patient satisfaction survey has not described the real experience that patients receive.
Objectives: To describe the outpatient experience and formulate recommendations for improving the outpatient experience at RSIA Mardi Waloeja Rampal, Malang.
Methods: The design of this study is a retrospective case study. The research subjects were patients in outpatient services, doctors and nurses in outpatient services, and related hospital management. Quantitative data were collected by translated and modified outpatient experience questionnaire (OPEQ). Quantitative data will be processed and presented descriptively. Qualitative data were obtained by in-depth interviews with outpatients, doctors, and nurses as well as discussions with groups of hospital management. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically.
Results: Quantitative studies show that the majority of respondents agree with the statements in the outpatient experience questionnaire. Qualitative studies dig deeper informations into quantitative results and also generate recommendations for improvement. In addition to the seven dimensions of outpatient experience, it was found that the number of human resources in the hospital was also considered to influence the patient experience.
Conclusions: The dimension that has provided a good experience in outpatient services is the dimension of nurse-patient communication. The dimensions that still need improvement are the dimensions of health information and medical costs. There are several recommendations that have been formulated to improve the outpatient experience. RSIA Mawar is expected to be able to measure patient experiences and discuss it regularly.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENERIMAAN PENGGUNA REKAM MEDIS ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Muna Izzatul , Sanjaya Guardian Yoki 
Published: February 2024

Background: The benefits of using electronic medical records have encouraged the government and hospitals in Indonesia to continue developing them. Many factors support and hinder the successful implementation of electronic medical records. User acceptance is a key variable in the mandatory use of electronic medical records. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology is the theory used to evaluate EMR and factors that influence user acceptance, namely intention to use RME.
Objective: This study aims to identify the influence of UTAUT indicators on the behavior intention to use outpatient electronic medical records.
Methods : This research used a descriptive case study approach with a location at PKU Muhammadiyah Wonosobo Hospital with a sample of all users of outpatient electronic medical records. The research was conducted with in-depth interviews with 10 informants and distributing questionnaires to 95 respondents who were analyzed using SmartPLS.
Results: Outpatient RME users at PKU Muhammadiyah Wonosobo Hospital accept to use and utilize the system now and in the future due to positive perceptions of performance expectations, effort expectations, and facility conditions. Obstacles are still found that hamper the acceptance of outpatient RME users including RME not yet integrated with all services in the hospital, RME feature dysfunction, interoperability interference, data access is not automatic, availability of inappropriate infrastructure, lack of availability of skilled IT human resources, lack of regulation. Performance expectation has a positive and significant effect on usage intention (t=2.381; p=0.018). Expectation of effort has a positive and significant effect on intention to use (t=2.004; p=0.046). Facility conditions have a positive and significant effect on usage intention (t=2.245; p=0.025). Social influence has an insignificant positive effect on intention to use (t=1.179; p=0.239).
Conclusion : Increasing user acceptance of EMR is done by increasing performance expectations, business expectations, and facility conditions that support implementation. User expectations for the use of RME in the future are system improvements, all user needs accommodated, and interoperability so that the system can be fully integrated.
Islamic Boarding School Economic Empowerment through Halal Industry Development in Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Ari Widiati  , Samsul Hidayat  
Published: February 2024

Islamic boarding school as one of the educational institutions in Indonesia has an important role in assisting the government in advancing the religious spirituality of the students. In addition, Islamic boarding school also play a role in community economic development, one of the Islamic boarding schools that contributes to the economy is the Muinul Islamic boarding school in Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat. With the specifications of the halal honey kelulut industry. This research aims to describe 1) How is the halal management process for the kelulut honey industry in Islamic Boarding School? 2) What is the achievement of developing the kelulut honey industry business? 3) What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in the halal business of the kelulut honey industry? This type of research uses descriptive qualitative data collection through observation and in-depth interviews. The results of this research are 1) Halal management of the kelulut honey industry at Muinul Islamic boarding school is in accordance with halal standards set by the government. 2) The achievements of the kelulut honey industry business are a) There is a new business unit for kelulut honey farms, b) It already has business legality such as pirt permits, NIB and halal certification c) Learning media for students d) The proceeds from the sale of kelulut honey can be additional income for Islamic boarding schools 3) The supporting factors are internal (complete vegetation in Islamic boarding school environment, high entrepreneurial interest from Islamic boarding school managers and the existence of a marketing network) and external (support from government institutions and universities). The inhibiting factor is the weather in the rainy season and not increasing the amount of vegetation.
Keywords: Islamic Boarding School Economic Empowerment, Halal Industry Development
PERBANDINGAN PENGEREMAN PENGUJIAN REM STATIS DAN PENGUJIAN REM JALAN PADA KENDARAAN PICK UP L300
Authors: Nurlina Ika Tyas , Kosjoko Kosjoko , Mufarida Nely Ana 
Published: February 2024

Keselamatan adalah unsur utama dalam pelayanan jasa transportasi. Pemerintah berkewajiban memastikan bahwa kendaraan bermotor yang beroperasi di jalan memenuhi syarat teknis dan laik jalan. Terpenuhinya ambang batas minimal efisiensi pengereman, merupakan salah satu persyaratan teknis yang harus dipenuhi agar kendaraan dapat beroperasi di jalan. Pengujian efisiensi pengereman dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu Static Brake Test dan Road Test. Hasil pelaksanaan kedua pengujian tersebut menunjukkan adanya perbedaan hasil yang diperoleh yaitu untuk Pengujian Rem Statis menghasilkan efisiensi pengereman sebesar 64,8% sedangkan untuk Pengujian Rem Jalan menghasilkan efisiensi pengereman sebesar 53% dan hal ini dapat menimbulkan hasil yang berbeda terhadap pemenuhan syarat teknis dan laik jalan kendaraan.
Perancangan Algoritma Optimasi Menggunakan Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Untuk Model Wind Turbine Farm
Authors: Habiby Jawwad Sulthon , Triwiyatno Aris , Andromeda Trias 
Published: February 2024

Di Indonesia dengan tuntutan energi listrik yang terus meningkat, produksi bahan bakar yang berupa batu bara dan minyak bumi mungkin akan mencapai batasnya dalam beberapa dasawarsa, disertai peningkatan sejumlah kasus cuaca ekstrim dan pemanasan global. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari semacam solusi terhadap pemenuhan listrik dengan pemanfaatan energi alternative terbarukan yang cukup berpotensi di Indonesia. Salah satu energi alternatif terbarukan yang saat ini adalah penggunaan teknologi turbin angin dimana energi angin yang diperoleh bebas dari alam, akan diubah sedemikian rupa hingga menjadi energi listrik. Dalam tesis ini dipelajari tentang efek dari penggunaan turbin angin dengan jarak hub yang berbeda di sebuah wilayah produksi pembangkitan listrik tenaga angin, untuk mencari jarak dan jumlah turbin terbaik yang digunakan. Disajikan sebuah formulasi matematis dalam membangun sistem multi-turbin. Mengingat turbin angin dengan jarak dan jumlah turbin yang bervariasi maka model tersebut diselesaikan menggunakan metode Algoritma Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Dengan hasil konfigurasi turbin yang terbaik akan diperoleh biaya yang minimum dan pembangkitan daya yang maksimum.
DESAIN & ANALISIS VARIASI KETEBALAN PEGAS DAUN PARABOLIC PADA MINI BUS
Authors: Hamdi Fadlil 
Published: February 2024

Dijaman yang modern ini moda transportasi Indonesia sudah sangat pesat perkembangannya baik secara system atau pun nonsystem. Tetapi ada yang menjadi bagian penting dalam dunia transportasi salah satunya pegas. Disini penulis ingin mengetahui desain dan permodelan pada pegas daun serta pengaruh variasi pada kekuatan pegas daun terhadap uji tekan yang diperoleh setelah melalui uji finite of element analisys. Dalam studi ini akan dilakukan analisa pembebanan menggunakan FEA pada pegas daun yang hasilnya akan dibandingkan dengan pegas daun original. Pada prosesnya pegas daun akan diberi kekuatan tekan sebesar 2350 N. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai di angka 15 tentu aman terhadap beban 2350 N. Sedangkan Von Misses ada diangka 38.515 tentu aman karena masih jauh di bawah angka 710.000.000.
Kontrol Sistem Water Loop Untuk Pendingin Showcase Makanan dan Minuman
Authors: Wilarso Wilarso , Fitriaji Abdul Azis , Saepudin Asep , Dharmanto Asep 
Published: February 2024

Dalam artikel ini, sistem pendingin pada bagian pengubah zat refrigerant berbentuk gas ke bentuk cair telah dimodifikasi yang dimana siklus tersebut terjadi pada unit PHE (Plate Heat Exchanger) dengan dilakukanya proses putaran air. Sistem water loop ini merupakan perubahan dari sistem pada umumnya. Dimana siklus air digabungkan dengan sistem pendingin menggunakan kompresor berkecepatan variabel. Untuk unit PHE (Plate Heat Exchanger) memiliki fungsi dimana fluida gas yang bertekanan tinggi akan mengalami proses pertukaran kalor oleh putaran air secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 2 unit showcase yang berbeda tipe secara observasi, dengan mengamati pada saat uji coba tes running di PT.XYZ. Selanjutnya dilakukan perbandingan hasil dari penelitian yang menggunakan sistem water loop dengan sistem pendingin pada umumnya melalui data. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian bahwa penggunaan sistem water loop, unit menjadi lebih terdistribusi, penggunaan pipa tembaga lebih sederhana, menghemat zat refrigeran, dan mengurangi kebisingan. Lalu pada hasil uji tes running didapat hasil suhu mencapai target yaitu -0,1 dengan daya 1,0255 KW pada showcase pertama, dan nilai suhu mencapai -21dengan daya 1,3695 Kw pada showcase kedua, dengan waktu yang berbeda
PENGARUH KOMPOSIT SANDWICH DENGAN PENGUAT SKIN CARBON CORE SERAT ALAM TERHADAP UJI BENDING DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO
Authors: Wijaya Risqi Wahyu , Putra Wawan Trisnadi , Malyadi Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

Komposit merupakan suatu material yang terbentuk dari kombinasi antara dua atau lebih material pembentuk yang diproduksi dengan proses pencampuran. Keunggulan dari material komposit ini adalah strength to weight ratio yang tinggi, kekuatan, ketangguhan, dan ketahanan terhadap korosi yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan logam. Pada penelitian ini jenis serat yang digunakan untuk lapisan skin adalah serat carbon fiber, Serat nanas dan serat pisang sebagai core, dan resin epoxy sebagai matriks. Dengan metode yang digunakan pada proses pembuatan spesimen menggunakan Hand Lay Up (HLU) merupakan laminasi secara manual. Dilanjutakn dengan pengujian bending dan struktur mikro. Hasil uji bending memperoleh hasil Komposit sandwich serat carbon dengan core campuran serat nanas dan pisang yang diproses post-curing 900C selama 5 jam mendapatkan hasil rata-rata kekuatan bending tertinggi sebesar 113,67 Mpa dan komposit sandwich serat karbon dengan core serat nanas yang diproses post-curing 800C selama 5 jam mendapatkan hasil rata-rata kekuatan bending terendah sebesar 86,44 Mpa. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwasannya meningkatnya penggunaan temperature pada saat proses post-curing dan bertambahnya perpaduan serat yang digunakan maka akan membuat meningkatkan kekuatan bending komposit. Setelah dilakukannya pengujian struktur mikro dapat dilihat semakin tinggi perlakuan panas yang dilakukan maka ronga yang ada pada setiap spesimen akan semakin sedikit keterikatan resin terhadap serat semakin baik.
ANALISIS SEM (SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE) DAN FOTO MIKRO PADA MATERIAL KOMPOSIT SERAT TANGKAI JAGUNG DENGAN MATRIKS PLASTIK POLIPROPILEN
Authors: Hariyanto Agus 
Published: February 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui analisis Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) pada material serat serbuk tangkai jagung dengan matrik plastik polipropilen serta penggambaran struktur mikro dan karakteristik dari komposit biodegradable. Pencemaran lingkungan merupakan suatu permasalahan yang harus ditanggapi secara serius oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat, khususnya pencemaran yang diakibatkan oleh pembebanan sampah plastik. Jumlah sampah plastik yang dihasilkan rata-rata sekitar 10% dari total volume sampah, dimana kurang dari 1% plastik dapat dihancurkan karena sampah plastik berbahan dasar polimer sintetik dan sulit diuraikan oleh bakteri pengurai. Guna mengatasi masalah lingkungan ini, salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu mengembangkan bahan biodegradable plastik (bioplastik) yaitu plastik yang mudah diurai oleh mikroorganisme menjadi senyawa sederhana yang ramah lingkungan. Pada metode pengujian yang dilakukan pada komposit ini ialah SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) dan foto mikro, Objek yang difoto penampang melintang serat pada spesimen, Untuk komposit yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan matrik plastik polipropilen dengan serat serbuk tangkai jagung dengan variasi komposisi sebesar 95% plastik polipropilen, 5% serbuk tangkai jagung, komposisi sebesar 90% plastik polipropilen, 10% serbuk tangkai jagung dan komposisi sebesar 85% plastik polipropilen, 15% serbuk tangkai jagung. Hasil pengujian SEM menunjukan variasi 85:15% lebih merekat antara plastik dan polipropilen dapat memberi dampak yang lebih signifikan terhadap sifat mekanik komposit, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan foto hasil Scanning Electron Microscopy dimana permukaan serat terlihat lebih baik.
التعرف على مستوى الضغوط المهنية و الشخصية لدى رؤساء ومقرري الأقسام في الجامعة و علاقتهم ببعض المتغيرات العلمية و الاجتماعية
Authors: محمد نصرالدين 
Published: February 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على الضغوطات المهنية و الشخصية لدى رؤساء ومقرري الأقسام في جامعة زاخو والتعرف على الفروق تبعاً لمتغيرات البحث، وتألفت عينة البحث من (42) رئيس ومقرر قسم في الجامعة، وأستخدم الباحث مقياساً جاهزاً لهذا الغرض، والمؤلف من (40) فقرة، حيث كان فقرات الضغوطات المهنية (15) فقرة ، و (25) فقرة لمجال الضغوطات الشخصية، من إعداد (سعيد، 2006)، وتم استخراج الخصائص السيكومترية للمقياس ، ولغرض معالجة البيانات احصائياً، تم استخدام الحقيبة الاحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS) ، و اشارت النتائج إلى عدم شعور أفراد عينة البحث بضغوطات مهنية و شخصية ، وعدم وجود فروق ذو دلالة إحصائية لدى أفراد عينة البحث تبعاً لمتغيرات البحث، كما و بينت النتائج أن هناك علاقة طردية قوية بين المجالين، و استناداً الى نتائج البحث قام الباحث بتقديم بعض مقترحات للبحوث مستقبلا و توصيات للجهات المعنية .
‘When they’re lying, and they say you’re lying, then there’s no hope’: Asylum-seeking, trauma, and the abusive state
Authors: Wheeler William 
Published: February 2024

This article explores the story of Sanwar, who fled Bangladesh following persecution for his sexuality, and spent five years struggling for asylum in the UK. Analysing our conversations together with his asylum paperwork, I show how trauma was apprehended in the asylum process, and how the process itself produced more trauma. Taking this trauma as diagnostic of state violence, I advance the notion of ‘the abusive state’: the disbelief Sanwar faced constituted gaslighting, echoing childhood abuse from his father, while the pressure to ‘change his story’, to perform as someone he was not, further figured as the impossible demand of a capricious, false authority. In the final section, I reflect on the moments when things fell apart and Sanwar attempted suicide, pointing to the ways in which suicidal subjectivities emerge in the asylum system. What might it mean to put suicide at the heart of our thinking, and feeling, about asylum?
Keywords: asylum seeking; trauma; abuse; the state; suicide; immigration law
PENGARUH JOB INSECURITY DAN JOB AUTONOMY TERHADAP INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR
Authors: Majid Al Idrus Ode Abdul , Herachwati Nuri 
Published: February 2024

Abstract : Innovative work behavior of employees is very important for the effectiveness of an organization. Innovative work behavior is influenced by predictors, namely the level of job insecurity and job autonomy, there are factors that strengthen the relationship between job autonomy, work engagement with innovative work behavior, namely creative self-efficacy. Creative self-efficacy can strengthen the relationship between job autonomy and work engagement with innovative work behavior. employee attachment to the company/workplace will be easier to implement innovative behavior. The study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 183 pharmacists at the Indonesian pharmacist association organization for the Surabaya branch, East Java. The sampling technique used was random sampling. Respondents' answers were scored using a Likert scale of 1-5 and then analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) which was tested with the outer and inner models. The results show that there is a significant positive effect of job autonomy on innovative work behavior and there is a significant negative and significant effect of job insecurity on innovative work behavior. The results of the mediation test show that work engagement mediates the relationship between all independent and dependent variables. The results of the moderation test showed that creative self-efficacy moderated the relationship between job autonomy and innovative work behavior but did not moderate the relationship between work engagement and innovative work behavior.Keywords: job autonomy; job insecurity; Innovative work behavior; work engagemen; creative self efficacy