bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reading Tool Marks on Egyptian Stone Sculpture
Authors: Serotta Anna 
Published: December 2023

For millennia the ancient Egyptians filled their tombs and temples with stone sculpture. Egyptian stone workers were extremely prolific, quarrying vast quantities of stone from along the Nile Valley and the deserts beyond, and turning it into sculpture ranging from miniature to monumental. Particularly impressive is their exploitation of hard stones, such as granite, granodiorite, graywacke, anorthositic gneiss, or basalt. Although secondary sources including tomb paintings and excavated tools provide insight into hard stone working methods, there is significant disagreement among scholars about the forms and materials of the tools themselves, how they were used by ancient stoneworkers, and how these factors relate to the broad range of surface textures we observe. This paper seeks to demonstrate the utility in addressing these questions through the systematic characterization of tool marks using Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), augmented by the examination of ancient tools, experimental archaeology, and consultation with contemporary stone carvers. This approach is demonstrated through a series of case studies which illustrate useful comparisons between tool marks on Egyptian stone sculpture in the collection of The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Topics addressed include: differences in hard stone and soft stone carving; variations in finishing work on statuary elements; variations in the carving of hieroglyphs; and possible evidence of a changing tool kit.
فك التشفير على النحت الحجري المصري ملخّص
لآلاف السنين، ملأ المصريون القدماء مقابرهم ومعابدهم بالمنحوتات الحجرية. كان إنتاج النحّاتون المصريون كبيراً جداً، حيث كانوا ينحتون آلاف القطع الحجرية على طول وادي النيل والصحاري المجاورة، وتحويلها الى منحوتات مختلفة الأحجام من صغرة إلى ضخمة جداً. يثير للإعجاب بشكل خاص استخدامهم للأحجار الصلبة، مثل الجرانيت أو الجرانوديوريت أو حجر الجرواق أو حجر الآنورثوسايت (صخور فانيرتيك بركانية نارية) أو البازلت. بالرغم من أن المصادر الثانوية، بما في ذلك لوحات القبور وأدوات الحفر التي توفّر معلومات جيدة عن أساليب نحت الحجارة الصلبة، إلا أن هناك خلافاً كبيراً بين الباحثين حول أشكال ومواد الأدوات نفسها، وكيف استُخدِمت من قبل النحاتين القدامى. نحاول من خلال هذا المقال تقديم الجهاز الذي يساعد في معالجة هذه الأمور للرد على تلك الاستفسارات، من خلال الوصف المنهجي لخصائص القطع باستخدام تصوير التحوّل الانعكاسي (RTI)، تتمثل التقنية في التقاط صور متعددة عن طريق تغيير ميل الضوء واتجاهه للكشف عن خصائص السطوح المصوّرة، ومقارنتها مع عينات حجرية حديثة. تعتمد هذه المقالة على مجموعة دراسات توضح اختلاف علامات الأدوات الواضحة على سطح المنحوتات الحجرية المصرية ضمن مجموعة قطع محفوظة في متحف المتروبوليتان للفنون. الموضوعات التي تمت تداولها هي: الاختلافات بين الحجر الصلب والنحت على الحجر، الاختلافات في طرق إنهاء العمل عند نحت التماثيل، الاختلافات في حفر الرموز الهيروغليفية، والأدلّة المحتملة في حالة تغيير مجموعة أدوات النحت.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Stunted Toddlers in the City of Mojokerto
Authors: Wardani Riska Aprilia , Virgia Vera , Herlina Herlina 
Published: December 2023

Â Overcoming the incidence of stunted children under five is one of the achievement targets in SGDs 2030, namely the social pillar with the achievement target of eliminating hunger and ensuring access for all people, especially the poor and those in vulnerable situations, including babies, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food. throughout the year. One of the indicators for the 2030 SGDs target is the reduced prevalence of stunting among toddlers in Indonesia. Along with this, improving the nutritional status of the community, including reducing the prevalence of stunting under five, is one of the priority national development efforts listed in the main targets of the RJPM. Some of the factors identified as having an effect on the incidence of stunted children are the sex of the toddler, the age of the toddler, family status and family income. The research design used was a retrospective cohort study with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used is nonprobability sampling with purposive sampling. The sample in this study were some toddlers at the Balongrawe Posyandu, Kedundung Village, Magersari District, Mojokerto City who met the research criteria as many as 56 respondents. The variables that were studied in this study were the nutritional status of the toddler, the gender of the toddler, the age of the toddler, family status and family income. Test data analysis using binary logistic regression with a significance of Î± (0.05). From the results of the logistic binary regression test, it was found that the dominant factor that influences the incidence of stunted toddlers in toddlers in Mojokerto City is the family status of toddlers with a p value of 0.019 <Î± (0.05) so it can be concluded that family status has a significant partial influence on the incidence stunted toddlers in toddlers in Mojokerto CityÂ Keywords : Family Status, Family Income, Stunted
The Effectiveness of Education on Mothers' Anxiety Levels in Facing Menopause
Authors: Purnama Sari Kurnia Indriyanti , Kiftiyah Kiftiyah 
Published: December 2023

Â Elderly is someone who has reached the age of 60 (sixty) years and over. The world's elderly population (age 60 years and over) is growing very fast, even the fastest when compared to other age groups. Menopause is a condition in a woman who experiences a decrease in ovarian function which results in a decrease in the production of the hormone estrogen. This situation, among other things, will result in the cessation of menstruation forever. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of education on the level of maternal anxiety in facing menopause. The design of this study is analytic with this is a pre-experiment with the One Group Pre-post Test design. By using a cohort approach. Population using total sampling. The population in this study were all mothers who lived in the Cempokolimo elderly hut, Pacet District, Mojokerto Regency. A sample of 31 respondents was obtained in November 2022. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire using the HARS scale with 14 questions and modified according to the emergence of changes, signs and symptoms that can cause anxiety in menopausal women. The statistical test used was the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results showed that most of the anxiety levels before being given education (pre test) were mild anxiety, namely 18 people (58.1%), not anxious 3 people (9.7%), moderate anxiety 8 people (25.8 %) and severe anxiety in 2 people (6.4%). Results Most of the anxiety levels after being given education (post test) were not anxious, namely 18 people (58.1%), mild anxiety 10 people (32.2%) and moderate anxiety 3 people (9.7%) ). Statistical Test Results Based on the results of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test it shows that the significance value is 0.000 <Î± (0.05). Because the significance value is < Î± (0.05), then H0 is rejected, which means that there is an influence on the effectiveness of education on the level of anxiety of mothers in facing menopause. the changes that are going through. Seeing the results of this study, there is still a need for regular health education education to reduce mothers' anxiety in dealing with menopausal changes
International standards for monoclonal antibodies for assessing the biological activity of medicines: A status update
Authors: Gayderova L. A. , Alpatova N. A. , Lysikova S. L. , Baykova M. L. , Guskov A. M. , Zubkov D. A. 
Published: December 2023

Scientific relevance. The clinical effects and the expiration of patents for original (reference) biotechnological medicines based on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) stimulated the development of biosimilar mAbs. The quality profile of a biosimilar mAb should correspond to the quality of the reference medicinal product. When demonstrating biosimilarity and determining the activity of medicines as part of batch quality control, analysts should study the biological properties of mAbs using suitable reference standards. The lack of international standards (ISs) makes mAb manufacturers use in-house reference standards. There is a risk of obtaining non-uniform quality and efficacy data because of the use of in-house reference standards, the heterogeneity and structural complexity of mAbs, and the relationship between the biological activity and efficacy of mAbs.Aim. This study aimed to analyse the relevance of and need for ISs for the biological activity of biotherapeutic mAbs and to define the role of reference medicinal products and ISs in assessing biosimilarity and testing medicines throughout their lifecycle.Discussion. This review covers the issues arising from the lack of ISs for assessing the biological activity of mAbs and the role and significance of reference products and ISs for biosimilars. The authors describe the specifics of studying the biological properties of mAbs and summarise the data on the need to develop and use ISs for the standardisation of biological tests. This review presents the results of studies on the first ISs established by the World Health Organisation to assess the biological activity of mAbs; these results suggest the need to standardise mAbs using ISs to ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of mAb therapy.Conclusions. The use of ISs for mAbs plays a key role in harmonising biological activity assessments. Publicly available ISs serve as primary standards for the calibration of secondary reference materials. Moreover, ISs are required for the harmonisation of activity evaluation (in IU) between laboratories and for the consistency of the activity of various medicinal products from different manufacturers that share the same INN. The use of ISs by mAb manufacturers will contribute to ensuring the quality of mAbs and clinical monitoring of the effectiveness of their use.
The helminthofauna of the pink salmon <i>Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</i> (Walbaum, 1792) of south-east Sakhalin according to the results of many years of research
Authors: Frolov E. V. , Novokreshchennykh S. V. , Vyalova G. P. 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the research is to describe and analyze the qualitative and quantitative composition of pink salmon helminths of southeastern Sakhalin.Materials and methods. Standard parasitological methods of collecting material were used. At the autopsy, the ureters, eyeballs, gill petals and arches, and the brain of fish were not examined. The method of collecting salmon parasites in the laboratory has been unchanged since 1992. Collections of representatives of monogenetic suckers were not carried out. Parasitological studies of pink salmon of southeastern Sakhalin were carried out from 1992 to 2022, a total of 4163 fish specimens were examined. The fish is caught in the estuaries of rivers and the sea coast.Results and discussion. According to the results of their own research and literature data, the pink salmon helminth fauna of southeastern Sakhalin is represented by 23 species: Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis pl., Eubothrium salvelini, Eu. crassum, Nybelinia surmenicola pl., Pelichnibothrium speciosum pl., Tetraphyllidea gen. sp., Brachyphallus crenatus, Cryptocotyle sp. mtc., Hemiurus levinseni, Lecithaster gibbosus, Prosorhynchoides gracilescens, Parahemiurus merus, Derogenes varicus, Capiatestes thyrsitae, Corynosoma strumosum l., Echinorhynchus gadi, Bolbosoma caenoforme juv., B. bobrovoi juv., Rhadinorhynchus trachuri, Anisakis simplex l., Ascarophis pacifica, Ascarophis skrjabini, Hysterothylacium aduncum. The qualitative composition of the helminth fauna is currently undergoing minor changes, while the quantitative characteristics of some helminths are significantly reduced. Thus, the infection of pink salmon with Bolbosoma sp. juv scrapers. decreased to 0.61±0.18.
The EDFAS FA Technology Roadmap—Die-Level Roadmap Council (DLRC)
Authors: Endrinal Lesly , Goh Szu Huat 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The EDFAS Die-Level Roadmap Committee was formed to identify forthcoming challenges related to electrical fault isolation within the next five years and collaborate with various stakeholders, including industry, academia, and tool vendors, to devise practical solutions. To that end, the team has pinpointed five critical areas of focus: (1) laser-based, photon emission, and thermal; (2) 2D/2.5D/3D packaging; (3) product yield, test, and diagnostics; (4) general (leading edge technologies); and (5) system level, analog/RF, and digital functional.
Para além de saltos e saltitos: uma proposta pedagógica na Educação Física escolar no Ensino Fundamental II
Authors: Santos José Carlos dos , Wey Moreira Wagner , De Freitas Brito Aline 
Published: December 2023

Este artigo teve como objetivo apresentar uma proposta pedagógica de planejar, aplicar e avaliar a unidade de ensino “Ginástica acrobática” junto aos alunos do 9° Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública da cidade de Teresina – PI. Amparado por uma abordagem qualitativa, com objetivo descrito-exploratório, a partir do método de pesquisa-ação e tendo como instrumento dois questionários adaptados, analisados à luz da análise de conteúdo, a pesquisa mostra que poucos alunos haviam vivenciado um programa de atividades com o conteúdo ginástica, no qual acabou sendo escolhido como conteúdo pedagógico de ensino, possibilitando aos professores realizarem um planejamento com base nos anseios dos estudantes que, ao final da proposta demonstraram ter gostado das atividades, especialmente, da interação e integração da turma. Reconhecemos que no atual contexto educacional é possível proporcionar as mais diversas práticas corporais na escola. Porém, é interessante sinalizar que os professores de EFE tenham o interesse de pluralizar às suas aulas com outros conteúdos de ensino.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE QUÍMICA NO CONTEXTO DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PRIVADA
Authors: SILVA LUAN ANTONIO DA , NASCIMENTO ALESSANDRA AZEVEDO , LIMA MARIA SABRINA DE MELO , SILVA VANESSA AZEVEDO CABRAL DA 
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo discute a importância do estágio supervisionado, atividade exigida nos cursos de licenciatura na formação de professores, realizado no curso de Química do Instituto Federal de Pernambuco/ Campus Vitória de Santo Antão, e como campo de estágio escolhemos uma instituição privada. O contexto relacional entre teoria e prática apresenta um importante significado na formação de professores, sendo assim imprescindível para obtenção do domínio dos instrumentos necessários para a execução da funções do professor em sala de aula, oportunizando a construção da sua identidade profissional. Isto posto, o estágio supervisionado vem com a função de interligar esses dois pontos, teoria-prática, visando beneficiar a experiência que possibilita ao indivíduo a compreensão da realidade a qual irá encarar em seu cotidiano, seja em escolas públicas ou privadas e promovendo assim a desenvoltura dos futuros docentes no campo profissional. Para isso, foi escolhido um colégio que apresentasse espaço-tempo necessários para realização de metodologias ativas, assim como foi realizado a priori uma busca sobre as formas de ministrar o conteúdo pelos professores das escolas circunvizinhas, o que levou na escolha do professor que mais utilizasse diversas ferramentas na construção do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Na escolha do colégio X (assim o chamaremos para não haver identificação da escola) que é uma instituição privada, localizada na cidade da Vitória de Santo Antão, objetivamos com esse trabalho compreender como a elaboração de recursos didáticos – roteiros experimentais – podem contribuir com a formação inicial de professores no estágio supervisionado, e para observação/atuação foi escolhido a turma de 9° ano do ensino fundamental, a qual tem como professor que ministra a disciplina de ciências da natureza, subdividida em Química e Física e uma eletiva sobre tópicos experimentais também relacionado a Química.
PERAN KOMITE SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PADA SMA NEGERI 1 SEPAUK KABUPATEN SINTANG
Authors: Susanto Edy , Tohardi Ahmad , Juliana Ari 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran komite sekolah sebagai pemberi pertimbangan, dukungan, pengontrol dan mediator dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar pada SMA Negeri 1 Sepauk Kabupaten Sintang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis deskriftif. Metode ini digunakan sebagai upaya untuk mencari informasi sedalam-dalamnya mengenai peran komite sekolah melalui studi dokumen, wawancara, dan observasi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa komite sekolah di SMA Negeri 1 Sepauk Kabupaten Sintang telah melaksanakan perannya sebagai pemberi pertimbangan, dukungan, pengontrol dan mediator dengan baik. Komite sekolah juga terlibat dalam membantu pelaksanaan kegiatan/program sekolah. Komite sekolah diharapkan terus menjadi penghubung yang baik antara sekolah, orang tua siswa dan masyarakat. Karena hubungan yang baik akan menciptakan kerjasama dan meningkatkan peran aktif orang tua siswa dan masyarakat dalam membantu sekolah untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa.Kata Kunci: Komite Sekolah, Prestasi Belajar, SiswaABSTRACTThis study aims to explain the role of the school committee as a giver of consideration, support, controller and mediator in improving learning achievement at SMAN 1 Sepauk, Sintang Regency. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. This method is used as an attempt to find as much information as possible about the role of the school committee through document studies, interviews, and observations.The results of this study indicate that the school committee at SMA Negeri 1 Sepauk, Sintang Regency has carried out its role as a giver of consideration, support, controller and mediator well. The school committee is also involved in assisting the implementation of school activities/programs. The school committee is expected to continue to be a good liaison between the school, parents and the community. Because a good relationship will create cooperation and increase the active role of parents and the community in helping schools to improve student achievement.Keywords: School Committee, Learning Achievement, Students.
OPTIMALISASI PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK HIBURAN DI KABUPATEN KERINCI DALAM MENUNJANG PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH
Authors: Candra Pera , Kana Philips A. 
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai hasil pelaksanaan peraturan Perda di Kabupaten Kerinci No. 21 Tahun 2011. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris. Dari hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa pelaksanaan Peraturan Daerah di Kabupaten Kerinci No. 21 Tahun 2011 tentang Pajak Daerah berdasarkan penerimaan hasil penerimaan pajak di Kabupaten Kerinci menunjukkan periode anggaran perpajakan tahun 2012 pada bulan Desember 2012, tahun anggaran 2013, periode Pada bulan Desember 2013, periode tahun fiskal 2014 pada bulan Desember 2014, dan tahun fiskal 2015 pada bulan Desember 2015 tidak berjalan efektif karena dalam pemungutan pajak menunjukkan setiap bulannya ada tunggakan yang ditunjukkan dari jumlah tagihan pajak acara secara massal, yang mengakibatkan tidak optimal pendapatan daerah dari pajak hiburan ini. Faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaanPeraturan Daerah Kabupaten Kerinci Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 adalah (a) perumusan norma-norma hukum yang mengatur permohonan angsuran dan penundaanpembayaran pajak (b) faktor penegakan hukum (c) Faktor infrastruktur, dan kendaraan untuk Kelapangan ke bawah sudah tua. (D) faktor masyarakat, kepatuhan pajak sebagai masyarakat untuk mengirimkan pajak yang telah dipungut pada konsumen sebagai subjek pajak. (E) faktor budaya hukum, terkait dengan pemahaman wajib pajak substansi Peraturan Daerah yang mengatur pajak hotel.
The possible association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and asthma.
Authors: Al-Zaidi Mahmood Sh. , Kadhim Haider S. , Ahmed Shemran Haider 
Published: December 2023

Background: Many etiological factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Asthma like; viruses, bacteria and Chlamydia pneumoniae. This study focuses on the role of Chlamydiapneumoniae in asthma pathogenesis.Patients and Methods: The detection of Anti-Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies IgA, IgM and IgG in patients by ELISA, for 35 patients, 18 asthmatic patients, 12 patients with chest infection with no history of asthma, and 5 apparently healthy as control subjects.Results: The results showed that 80% and 70% of the patients were negative for anti- Chlamydia pneumonia antibodies IgA and IgM respectively, while significantly (p<0.05) high number (73%) of patients were positive for IgG, of which significant number (p<0.05) of them, 63% were asthmatic and 36% were non-asthmatic chest infection.Conclusion: this study may support the association between Chlamydia pneumoniae and asthma.
Anatomical Study of Axillary Artery Variation.
Authors: Farhan Thaer M. , Selman Mohammad O. 
Published: December 2023

Background: The axillary artery is a direct continuation of the subclavian artery. The axillary artery is usually described as giving off six branches. The first part gives superior thoracic artery. The second part gives lateral thoracic (LT) and thoracoacromial(TAC) arteries. The third part gives three, subscapular(SS), anterior circumflex humeral(ACH)and posterior circumflex humeral(PCH) arteries. Anatomical variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery are quiet common and typically include the subscapular artery(SS), lateral thoracic artery(LT) and the posterior circumflex humeral artery(PCH). The variation of the axillary artery branching pattern has anatomical as well as clinical and surgical relevance given the proximity to the shoulder joint and humerus.Patients & Method: Bilateral axilla dissection was conducted on 26 embalmed axillae (13 cadavers) to allow examination of the axillary artery and its branches. The study was carried out in Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine.Results: The classical branching pattern of the LT originating from the axillary artery posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle and the SS producing the circumflex scapular (CS) artery and thoracodorsal(TD) occurred in 77%. The SS was observed originating from the LT 7% of the time. The LT was observed originating from the SS 5% of the time. The LT was observed producing the circumflex scapular artery and TD in the absence of SS 2.5% of the time. The PCH originated from four different sources, from the third part of axillary artery as is classically described in 77%. From the SS 11%. From deep brachial artery DB 9% and from LT 2%.Conclusion: Vascular variation in the axillary artery and its branches is quiet common , This variation should be considered seriously as will implicate risk of bleeding during surgery in the axilla and also the difficulty in interpretation of the angiography after axillary catheterization.