bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Clinical and Craniofacial Changes on the Surgical Outcomes of Lateral Pharyngoplasty in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Solcia-Filho Nelson , Duarte Bruno Bernardo , Almeida Aurélio Rochael , Aquino José Luis Braga de 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective To verify if maxillomandibular retrusion, obesity, and increased neck circumference are factors of worse surgical prognosis for lateral pharyngoplasty in apneic patients.
Materials and Methods We evaluated 53 patients with obstructive sleep apnea who underwent lateral pharyngoplasty. Clinical evaluation was performed before the surgical procedure and included the measurement of body mass index (BMI) in kg/m2, neck circumference in centimeters, and a clinical evaluation of the facial profile obtained through the natural position of the oriented head. The polysomnographic evaluation was performed with at a minimum of 6 months after surgery, and polysomnographic results were correlated with the preoperative clinical data.
Results The mean age of the patients was 38.8 years; the mean BMI was of 29.28kg/m2, and 84.9% of the sample was composed of men and 15.1% of women. There was a significant reduction in the mean value of the main respiratory parameters verified by polysomnography, such as apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from 31.60 events per hour to 8.15 (p < 0.001); NadirO2 went from 81% to 85% (p = 0.002) and mean oxyhemoglobin saturation from 94% to 95% (p = 0.024). It was also observed that the greater the maxillomandibular retrusion, the lower the mean reduction of the AHI after surgery. The increase in neck circumference proved to be a factor associated with the surgical outcome, and for each 1-cm decrease in the neck circumference, the chance of surgical success increased 1.2-fold.
Conclusion Lateral pharyngoplasty is an efficient surgical obstructive sleep apnea treatment. The lower the neck circumference measurement, the greater the chances of surgical success, and clinically evaluated maxillomandibular retrusion can reduce the magnitude of improvement in respiratory parameters after lateral pharyngoplasty in apneic patients.
Mandibular Advancement Appliances in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Cozzi-Machado Carolina , Albertini Fátima Rosana , Silveira Silvana , Machado-Júnior Almiro José 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is defined as intermittent partial or complete collapse of the upper airway during sleep. It is a common condition in childhood, with an incidence ranging from 1.2% to 5.7%, and it can harm several aspects of children's life, such as cognitive, metabolic and cardiovascular functions, among others.There are treatment options, such as adenotonsillectomy, myofunctional therapy, mandibular advancement appliances (MAAs), rapid maxillary expansion, and positive airway pressure devices, but there is still doubt about which method is more suitable for the treatment of OSA in children.
Objective To analyze the effectiveness of MAAs in the treatment of pediatric OSA.
Materials and Methods The search was conducted in August 2021 in different electronic databases, such as PubMed, EBSCO (Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source), LILACS, Ovid, SciELO, Web of Science, EMBASE BIREME, BBO BIREME, and the Cochrane Library.
Results Only three systematic reviews and two meta-analyses were included in the present study. All studies showed improvement in the score on the apnea-hypopnea index after using MAAs in the treatment of pediatric OSA.
Conclusion Although more randomized studies are needed, based on the present umbrella review, MAAs must be considered part of the multidisciplinary treatment for pediatric OSA.
Detecting Lucid Dreams by Electroencephalography and Eyebrow Movements
Authors: Raduga Michael , Shashkov Andrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective When metacognition arises during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, people experience lucid dreaming (LD). Studies on this phenomenon face different obstacles. For example, its standard verification protocol requires at least three types of sensors. We hypothesized that preagreed frontalis movements (PAFMs), as a sign of lucidity, could be seen on electroencephalography (EEG) during REM sleep. In this case, only one EEG sensor would be needed to verify LD.
Method Under laboratory observation, five volunteers were instructed to induce LD, during which they needed to use the standard verification protocol with pre-agreed eye movements (PAEMs) and then immediately raise their eyebrows three times as a PAFM.
Results All participants were able to send signals from a total of eight LDs using one or both methods. Preagreed frontalis movements and PAEMs were equally distinctive on most EEGs, but PAFM quality was strongly dependent on the accuracy of the method. Preagreed frontalis movements exhibited two types of EEG patterns and led to immediate awakening when LD was not stable.
Discussion Though the outcomes show that PAFMs can be used to verify LD, this method was less consistent and apparent than PAEMs. Furthermore, accurate instructions are needed before using PAFMs. When polysomnography is unavailable, PAFMs can be applied, as it requires only one EEG sensor to detect REM sleep and consciousness simultaneously.
OphthoPods: An Analysis of the Educational Content and Changes of Ophthalmology Podcasts
Authors: Greene Isaiah I. , Gold Fradah E. , Tan Nicholas E. , Fang Alexander H. , Hodgson Nickisa M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjective Podcasts are a novel modality for digitally disseminating ophthalmic knowledge, yet minimal information exists on their offerings. This study sought to describe the growth of ophthalmology podcasts, characterize their features, and analyze clinically pertinent content trends.Materials and Methods Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google Podcasts, and Google Search were queried for English- language shows relating primarily to ophthalmology. Ninety-six podcasts and 3,594 episodes were analyzed.Results Of the 48 currently active shows, most cover general ophthalmology topics (n = 25, 52.1%) and are run by multiple hosts (n = 29, 60.4%) in both academics and private practice. The majority of podcasts released episodes monthly (n = 21, 21.9%) or less frequently than monthly (n = 36, 37.5%). Among all episodes, procedural topics (n = 951 episodes, 26.4%) and clinical education (n = 1385, 38.5%) were the most prevalent categories. Retina was the most represented subspecialty in podcast production, while oculoplastics and neuro-ophthalmology had the fewest podcasts. Episodes on disease pathophysiology (p = 0.04) and published research (p < 0.001) each declined over time. The proportion of episodes released from 2020 to 2022 that discussed digital technologies was 33.3% greater versus 2005 to 2019 (p = 0.005). Personal retrospective episodes doubled, career guidance and patient perspectives tripled, and wellness and social justice topics increased fivefold (all p < 0.001).Conclusion In summary, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic coincided with a rise in ophthalmology podcasts and shifts in content. Podcasts have trended toward practical advice and technologies, reflecting their value in sharing modern, peer-to-peer pearls. Emphases on storytelling and social justice offer unique, clinically relevant perspectives compared with traditional modalities.
Simple, near-universal relationships between bond lengths, strengths, and anharmonicities
Authors: Crittenden D. L. 
Published: November 2023

Harmonic bond force constants and bond lengths are shown to generally obey the simple relationships, ke=ζ2Re−3 (hydrides) and ke=10ζ1/2Re−4 (all other bond types), where ζ is the reduced nuclear charge and Re is the equilibrium bond length. Equally simple power-law relationships are found for higher-order bond force constants. Although not spectroscopically accurate, these models are nonetheless of significant heuristic value for identifying strongly multireference states of diatomic molecules (including electronically coupled excited states ill-suited for inclusion in laser-cooling schemes), rationalizing the observed trends in vibrational frequencies for diatomics and/or local mode oscillators within molecules or complexes and estimating and/or validating covalent bonding parameters within molecular mechanics force fields. Particular advantages of our approach over other bond length-strength scaling relationships proposed in the literature include its simplicity and generality and its appropriate asymptotic behavior. Notably, the relationships derived in this work can be used to predict harmonic and higher-order force constant bonds between any pair of atoms in the Periodic Table (including transition metals and lanthanides) without requiring row- or column-dependent parameterization, to accuracies commensurate with conventional force field transferability errors. We therefore anticipate that they will expedite force field development for metal-containing complexes and materials, which are structurally well-characterized but challenging to parameterize ab initio.
A conceptual framework to support hospitals to measure and realise financial benefits from process improvement programs: perspectives from Australia, USA and UK
Authors: Evans Jane , Leggat Sandra G. , Samson Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Objective The objective of this research is to appraise current practice in hospitals against the ‘Framework to achieve value in healthcare’ (the Framework) and to identify additional contributory factors that support or hinder its application. Methods A multi-site case study was undertaken with five hospitals in Australia, the USA and UK using purposeful sampling to identify hospitals to participate. Data collection took place between September and November 2022. The hospitals included in the study had Process Improvement (PI) programs of more than 5 years duration, with strong executive engagement and broad outcomes measurement, including financial benefits. All hospitals were acute public hospitals or private, not for profit. Results All hospitals indicated current practice according to Steps 1–5 for some part of their PI programs. All hospitals indicated that they were more likely to include financial benefits measurement for activities aimed specifically at improving cost rather than reducing non-value adding activities or improving the value of clinical care. Step 5 (reinvestment of cost savings) of the Framework is dependent on the accomplishment of Step 4 (measurement and realisation of financial benefits) and the contributory elements are important in supporting hospitals to utilise the Framework. Conclusions The ‘Framework to achieve value in healthcare’ provides a practical guide for hospitals to reduce non-value adding activities, improve the value of clinical care and reduce costs. Further research is indicated to establish its reliability in hospitals in other countries and hospitals that do not have an established PI program.
Spin Evolution of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154
Authors: Ge Ming-Yu , Yang Yuan-Pei , Lu Fang-Jun , Zhou Shi-Qi , Ji Long , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Zhang Bing , Zhang Liang , Wang Pei , Lee Kejia , Zhu Weiwei , Li Jian , Hou Xian , Li Qiao-Chu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are short pulses observed in radio frequencies usually originating from cosmological distances. The discovery of FRB 200428 and its X-ray counterpart from the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 suggests that at least some FRBs can be generated by magnetars. However, the majority of X-ray bursts from magnetars are not associated with radio emission. The fact that only in rare cases can an FRB be generated raises the question regarding the special triggering mechanism of FRBs. Here we report long time spin evolution of SGR J1935+2154 until the end of 2022. According to ν and

ν

̇

, the spin evolution of SGR J1935+2154 could be divided into two stages. The first stage evolves relatively steady evolution until 2020 April 27. After the burst activity in 2020, the spin of SGR J1935+2154 shows strong variations, especially for

ν

̇

. After the burst activity in 2022 October, a new spin-down glitch with Δν/ν = (–7.2 ± 0.6) × 10−6 is detected around MJD 59876, which is the second event in SGR J1935+2154. At the end, spin frequency and pulse profile do not show variations around the time of FRB 200428 and radio bursts 221014 and 221021, which supply strong clues to constrain the trigger mechanism of FRBs or radio bursts.
Development of a multifunctional real-time data processing system for interferometers on EAST
Authors: Yao Y. , Zhang J. , Liu Y. , Ruan T. , Li W. , Lian H. , Wang S. , Zhang Y. , Lin B. , Jie Y. , Liu H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the latest campaign of EAST experiments, two new interferometers were installed, a dispersion interferometer (DI) based on a Carbon Dioxide laser and a solid source interferometer (SSI) based on microwave multiplier sources. To make them available for the Plasma Control System (PCS) system, each of them needs to be provided with a real-time processing system to extract the detector output signal and afterward obtain the electron density information through signal processing.

To obtain interferometer data quickly and reliably, a unified hardware template was applied to both interferometers. Three main parts are included in this hardware template — digitization, digital signal processing, and output modules. In particular, the digitization section uses a multi-channel Analog-to-Digital Convertor (ADC) to acquire the signals that need to be calculated. The digital signal processing part is implemented by an FPGA, which is the hardware basis of this multifunctional template that can be used for multiple interferometers. This section includes two main parts, wrapped density signal extraction and signal unwrapping. For DI it is a phase calculation based on the intensity ratio, while for SSI it is a phase calculation by means of FFT or phase demodulation. Both computational approaches form independent IP cores to build systems quickly, while these IP cores provide parameter interfaces to adapt to different application scenarios. The output module provides a variety of data transmission methods, including fiber optic transmission and Digital-Analog-Convertor (DAC) based analog transmission, to interface with PCS or other subsequent systems.

This data processing system template has been applied to each of the above two interferometers and valid data were obtained in a recent EAST experiment campaign. It demonstrates the usefulness of the template and provides a reference for the design of data processing systems on future devices.
Global hotspots in soil moisture-based drought trends
Authors: Řehoř Jan , Trnka Miroslav , Brázdil Rudolf , Fischer Milan , Balek Jan , van der Schrier Gerard , Feng Song 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Decreasing soil moisture and increasing frequency and intensity of soil drought episodes are among the frequently discussed consequences of ongoing global climate change. To address this topic, a water balance model SoilClim forced by climate reanalysis ERA5-Land was applied on a global scale to analyze the spatiotemporal variability of changes in soil moisture anomalies. The results revealed that the soil relative available water (AWR) significantly decreased on 31.1% of global non-glaciated land and significantly increased on 5.3% of such global non-glaciated land in 1981–2021. Decreasing AWR trends were detected over all continents and were particularly pronounced in South America, which experienced significant drying on more than half of the continent. The main drought ‘hotspots’ were identified in equatorial Africa, a large part of South America, the Midwest United States, and in a belt extending from eastern Europe to eastern Asia. A seasonal analysis of region-specific patterns further suggested drying in Europe in summer but an absence of a drying trend in winter. These results were supported by an analysis of the area affected by percentile-based drought on individual continents, revealing statistically significant increasing trends of 5th- and 10th-percentile droughts on all continents except Australia at an annual scale. Nevertheless, summer and autumn drought frequency increases were also detected in Australia. The seasonal trends were the most rapid in South America and Europe (except in winter). The distributions of AWR values, evaluated by Z scores, shifted remarkably toward drier conditions during the 2001–2021 period, particularly in South America and Asia. These results underscore the alarming increase in soil drought on a global scale, highlighting the need for effective drought management strategies.
Highly compliant biomimetic scaffolds for small diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) produced via melt electrowriting (MEW)
Authors: Weekes Angus , Wehr Gabrielle , Pinto Nigel , Jenkins Jason , Li Zhiyong , Meinert Christoph , Klein Travis J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Biofabrication approaches toward the development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) have been widely investigated. However, successful translation has been limited to large diameter applications, with small diameter grafts frequently failing due to poor mechanical performance, in particular mismatched radial compliance. Herein, melt electrowriting (MEW) of poly(ϵ-caprolactone) has enabled the manufacture of highly porous, biocompatible microfibre scaffolds with physiological anisotropic mechanical properties, as substrates for the biofabrication of small diameter TEVGs. Highly reproducible scaffolds with internal diameter of 4.0 mm were designed with 500 and 250 µm pore sizes, demonstrating minimal deviation of less than 4% from the intended architecture, with consistent fibre diameter of 15 ± 2 µm across groups. Scaffolds were designed with straight or sinusoidal circumferential microfibre architecture respectively, to investigate the influence of biomimetic fibre straightening on radial compliance. The results demonstrate that scaffolds with wave-like circumferential microfibre laydown patterns mimicking the architectural arrangement of collagen fibres in arteries, exhibit physiological compliance (12.9 ± 0.6% per 100 mmHg), while equivalent control geometries with straight fibres exhibit significantly reduced compliance (5.5 ± 0.1% per 100 mmHg). Further mechanical characterisation revealed the sinusoidal scaffolds designed with 250 µm pores exhibited physiologically relevant burst pressures of 1078 ± 236 mmHg, compared to 631 ± 105 mmHg for corresponding 500 µm controls. Similar trends were observed for strength and failure, indicating enhanced mechanical performance of scaffolds with reduced pore spacing. Preliminary in vitro culture of human mesenchymal stem cells validated the MEW scaffolds as suitable substrates for cellular growth and proliferation, with high cell viability (>90%) and coverage (>85%), with subsequent seeding of vascular endothelial cells indicating successful attachment and preliminary endothelialisation of tissue-cultured constructs. These findings support further investigation into long-term tissue culture methodologies for enhanced production of vascular extracellular matrix components, toward the development of the next generation of small diameter TEVGs.
Modelling the magnetization data of Fe3O4 nanoparticles above blocking temperature
Authors: Kaur Navneet 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nanoparticles of Fe3O4 are prepared by simple co-precipitation method. The sample is characterized using an x-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The x-ray diffraction pattern of the sample clearly shows that it is a single-phase magnetite. The transmission electron micrograph shows that the sample has a narrow distribution in particle size with average particle size of 9.9 nm. The SAED pattern only shows the diffraction planes correspond to magnetite and no other phase impurity is detected. The calculated thickness of the magnetic disordered shell due to the reduction in particle size is found to be 1.7 nm. The magnetization of the sample is measured as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field. The zero-field cooled and field cooled curves of the sample are measured in the presence of 250 Oe applied magnetic field and both the curves bifurcate at 170 K. The peak in the zero-field curve indicates that the sample has a blocking temperature of around 100 K. The magnetization as a function of applied magnetic field data at 200, 225, 250, 275 and 300 K are measured (up to ±20 kOe). These magnetization data are used for the fitting to analyze the magnetic behavior of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. . The magnetization of nanoparticles systems is influenced by several factors such as particle size distribution, disordered surface, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, magnetic moment distribution and magnetic interactions. The ignorance of such factors while analyzing the magnetization data leads to discrepancies in the results. The surface effects are sensitive to the reduction in particle size leading to the spin frustrations on the surface suggesting a magnetic disordered layer which affect the magnetic behavior of nanoparticles. This work presents the analysis of the magnetization data in an appropriate magnetization expression which takes into consideration the effect of magnetic moment distribution. This distribution in the magnetic moment is found to be significantly influenced the magnetization analysis and affected by the magnetic disordered surface which accounts for the presence of magnetic anisotropy and magnetic interactions on the particles surface. The results and observations are discussed in detail.
Evidential deep learning for trustworthy prediction of enzyme commission number
Authors: Han So-Ra , Park Mingyu , Kosaraju Sai , Lee JeungMin , Lee Hyun , Lee Jun Hyuck , Oh Tae-Jin , Kang Mingon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The rapid growth of uncharacterized enzymes and their functional diversity urge accurate and trustworthy computational functional annotation tools. However, current state-of-the-art models lack trustworthiness on the prediction of the multilabel classification problem with thousands of classes. Here, we demonstrate that a novel evidential deep learning model (named ECPICK) makes trustworthy predictions of enzyme commission (EC) numbers with data-driven domain-relevant evidence, which results in significantly enhanced predictive power and the capability to discover potential new motif sites. ECPICK learns complex sequential patterns of amino acids and their hierarchical structures from 20 million enzyme data. ECPICK identifies significant amino acids that contribute to the prediction without multiple sequence alignment. Our intensive assessment showed not only outstanding enhancement of predictive performance on the largest databases of Uniprot, Protein Data Bank (PDB) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), but also a capability to discover new motif sites in microorganisms. ECPICK is a reliable EC number prediction tool to identify protein functions of an increasing number of uncharacterized enzymes.