bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnolia Warbler flight calls demonstrate individuality and variation by season and recording location
Authors: Ress Elliott M , Farnsworth Andrew , Morris Sara R , Lanzone Michael , Van Doren Benjamin M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Flight calls are short vocalizations frequently associated with migratory behavior that may maintain group structure, signal individual identity, and facilitate intra- and interspecific communication. In this study, Magnolia Warbler (Setophaga magnolia) flight call characteristics varied significantly by season and recording location, but not age or sex, and an individual’s flight calls were significantly more similar to one another than to calls of other individuals. To determine if flight calls encode traits of the signaling individual during migration, we analyzed acoustic characteristics of the calls from the nocturnally migrating Magnolia Warbler. Specifically, we analyzed calls recorded from temporarily captured birds across the northeastern United States, including Appledore Island in Maine, Braddock Bay Bird Observatory in New York, and Powdermill Avian Research Center in Pennsylvania to quantify variation attributable to individual identity, sex, age, seasonality, and recording location. Overall, our findings suggest that Magnolia Warbler flight calls may show meaningful individual variation and exhibit previously undescribed spatiotemporal variation, providing a basis for future research.
Arabidopsis FIBRILLIN6 influences carotenoid biosynthesis by directly promoting phytoene synthase activity
Authors: Iglesias-Sanchez Ariadna , Navarro-Carcelen Juan , Morelli Luca , Rodriguez-Concepcion Manuel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Carotenoids are health-promoting plastidial isoprenoids with essential functions in plants as photoprotectants and photosynthetic pigments in chloroplasts. They also accumulate in specialized plastids named chromoplasts, providing color to non-photosynthetic tissues such as flower petals and ripe fruit. Carotenoid accumulation in chromoplasts requires specialized structures and proteins such as fibrillins (FBNs). The FBN family includes structural components of carotenoid sequestering structures in chromoplasts and members with metabolic roles in chloroplasts and other plastid types. However, the association of FBNs with carotenoids in plastids other than chromoplasts has remained unexplored. Here, we show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) FBN6 interacts with phytoene synthase (PSY), the first enzyme of the carotenoid pathway. FBN6, but not FBN4 (a FBN that does not interact with PSY), enhances the activity of plant PSY (but not of the bacterial PSY crtB) in Escherichia coli cells. Overexpression of FBN6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves results in a higher production of phytoene, the product of PSY activity, whereas loss of FBN6 activity in Arabidopsis mutants dramatically reduces the production of carotenoids during seedling de-etiolation and after exposure to high light. Our work hence demonstrates that FBNs promote not only the accumulation of carotenoids in chromoplasts but also their biosynthesis in chloroplasts.
A new fossil frog (Lissamphibia: Anura) from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil and the early evolution of neobatrachians
Authors: Santos Rodolfo Otávio , Carvalho Alberto B , Zaher Hussam 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although neobatrachians represent about 95% of anuran diversity, their fossil record, especially during the Mesozoic, remains scarce and often limited to a few damaged specimens with uncertain affinities. In South America, fossil neobatrachians have been identified from the Cretaceous deposits in Chile, Argentina, and Brazil. Here, we describe a new species of fossil neobatrachian from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) Bauru Basin, south-eastern Brazil, based on several well-preserved specimens. The morphology of the new species was described in detail using high-resolution micro-CT, and its taxonomic affinities were investigated through a phylogenetic analysis encompassing both living and extinct taxa. The new taxon was recovered among hyloids, more specifically as closely related to other well-ossified taxa. However, due to the lack of any synapomorphies with extant families, we were unable to assign the new species to a more specific group within Neobatrachia. The discovery of a new fossil frog in the Late Cretaceous Bauru Basin significantly enhances our understanding of neobatrachian early morphology during the Late Cretaceous of South America.
Information Transfer Among Grape Producers in the Western United States on Pest and Disease Management
Authors: Lowder Sarah R. , Moyer Michelle M. , Cooper Monica L. , Pscheidt Jay W. , Mahaffee Walter F. 
Published: November 2023

Knowledge about how producers subjectively assess and communicate about different information resources can help optimize Agricultural Extension efforts. In particular, how do growers use different information resources when making decisions on pest and disease management? Using pest and disease management in wine grapes ( Vitis vinifera) as a case study, three surveys were conducted among grape producers in the western United States to qualitatively explore resource options ( n = 15), examine the relative importance of the 23 different information resources identified ( n = 63), and investigate the social networks where information is passed within and between regions ( n = 65). Five different informational archetypes emerged, demonstrating different preferences for information resource use, which explained 66% of the variance in survey responses. Personal connections (e.g., discussion with professional network, with field foreman and supervisors, and with an Extension agent) were extremely important to the participants. In the communication network analysis, 65 participants were used to form a 324-actor network with 448 links, which were then subdivided into intra-state networks. The networks show evidence of structures that facilitate information diffusion and cooperation between independent producers. Additionally, even with networks much smaller than the grape producer populations in these states, influential individuals could be identified. These individuals, when targeted by outreach professionals, could assist with information dissemination and facilitate changes in opinion or behaviors in the region. [Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 “No Rights Reserved” license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2024.
Downregulation of ALKBH5 rejuvenates aged human mesenchymal stem cells and enhances their therapeutic efficacy in myocardial infarction
Authors: Gao Xiaoyan , Liang Xiaoting , Liu Baojuan , Hong Yimei , He Haiwei , Shen Ying , Chen Jiaqi , Huang Xinran , Hu Bei , Li Weifeng , Li Xin , Zhang Yuelin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite promising results in myocardial infarction (MI), mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐based therapy is limited by cell senescence. N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) messenger RNA methylation has been reported to be closely associated with cell senescence. Nonetheless, its role in the regulation of MSC senescence remains unclear. We examined the role of ALKB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) in regulating MSC senescence and determined whether ALKBH5 downregulation could rejuvenate aged MSCs (AMSCs) to improve their therapeutic efficacy for MI. RNA methylation was determined by m6A dot blotting assay. MSC senescence was evaluated by senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) staining. A mouse model of acute MI was established by ligation of the left anterior decedent coronary artery (LAD). Compared with young MSCs (YMSCs), m6A level was significantly reduced but ALKBH5 was greatly increased in AMSCs. Overexpression of ALKBH5 reduced m6A modification and accelerated YMSC senescence. Conversely, ALKBH5 knockdown increased m6A modifications and alleviated AMSC senescence. Mechanistically, ALKBH5 regulated the m6A modification and stability of CDKN1C mRNA, which further upregulated CDKN1C expression, leading to MSC senescence. CDKN1C overexpression ameliorated the inhibition of cellular senescence of ALKBH5 siRNA‐treated AMSCs. More importantly, compared with AMSCs, shALKBH5‐AMSCs transplantation provided a superior cardioprotective effect against MI in mice by improving MSC survival and angiogenesis. We determined that ALKBH5 accelerated MSC senescence through m6A modification‐dependent stabilization of the CDKN1C transcript, providing a potential target for MSC rejuvenation. ALKBH5 knockdown rejuvenated AMSCs and enhanced cardiac function when transplanted into the mouse heart following infarction.
Endotypic heterogeneity and pathogenesis in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Bai Junqin , Tan Bruce K. , Kato Atsushi 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
This review aims to provide updates in realms of endotypic heterogeneity, pathogenesis at the molecular level, potential of biomarkers, and cutting-edge scope of biologics in CRS.

Recent findings
High-dimensional analyses, such as transcriptomes, and machine learning, have significantly enhanced CRS endotyping, uncovering diverse pathogenetic mechanisms contributing to its heterogeneity. The dynamic process of epithelial remodeling in CRS pathogenesis has gained more clarity and support as exemplified by IL-13 and oncostatin M (OSM) that are shown intricately linked to epithelial barrier dysfunction. Moreover, anti-dsDNA autoantibody, BAFF, periostin, and cystatin SN show promise as potentials biomarkers, offering diagnostic and prognostic value for CRS.

Summary
The identification of inflammatory molecules involved in endotype specific signaling pathways provides insights into the underlying mechanisms and verifiable biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of disease severity. More comprehensive clinical studies should be conducted to facilitate biologics from bench to bedside in treating CRS.
Effect of Repeated Exposure to Sevoflurane on Electroencephalographic Alpha Oscillation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Madariaga Samuel , Devia Christ , Penna Antonello , Egaña José I. , Lucero Vanessa , Ramírez Soledad , Maldonado Felipe , Ganga Macarena , Valls Nicolás , Villablanca Nicolás , Stamm Tomás , Purdon Patrick L. , Gutiérrez Rodrigo 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Pharmacological tolerance is defined as a decrease in the effect of a drug over time, or the need to increase the dose to achieve the same effect. It has not been established whether repeated exposure to sevoflurane induces tolerance in children.

Methods:
We conducted an observational study in children younger than 6 years of age scheduled for multiple radiotherapy sessions with sevoflurane anesthesia. To evaluate the development of sevoflurane tolerance, we analyzed changes in electroencephalographic spectral power at induction, across sessions. We fitted individual and group-level linear regression models to evaluate the correlation between the outcomes and sessions. In addition, a linear mixed-effect model was used to evaluate the association between radiotherapy sessions and outcomes.

Results:
Eighteen children were included and the median number of radiotherapy sessions per child was 28 (interquartile range: 10 to 33). There was no correlation between induction time and radiotherapy sessions. At the group level, the linear mixed-effect model showed, in a subgroup of patients, that alpha relative power and spectral edge frequency 95 were inversely correlated with the number of anesthesia sessions. Nonetheless, this subgroup did not differ from the other subjects in terms of age, sex, or the total number of radiotherapy sessions.

Conclusions:
Our results suggest that children undergoing repeated anesthesia exposure for radiotherapy do not develop tolerance to sevoflurane. However, we found that a group of patients exhibited a reduction in the alpha relative power as a function of anesthetic exposure. These results may have implications that justify further studies.
Corneal Melt Associated With Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Hsu Jerry , Dixit Lena , Jhanji Vishal , Ahmad Sumayya 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to describe cases of corneal melt associated with systemic cancer immunotherapy.

Methods:
This is a case series of 6 patients.

Results:
Corneal melt was noted in all eyes, including 1 patient on an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor and another on a human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) inhibitor that resolved on serum tears; 1 patient on a fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor that stabilized on serum tears and amniotic membrane; 1 patient on a Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor and another on a breakpoint cluster region protein-abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (BCR-ABL) inhibitor that both had corneal thinning with perforation; and 1 patient with bilateral corneal thinning complicated by a fungal superinfection after long-term use of a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor.

Conclusions:
While primarily described with EGFR inhibitors, corneal melt may present with vision-threatening consequences in other classes of cancer immunotherapy including FGFR inhibitors, PD-1 inhibitors, and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Anatomical Bases for Aesthetic Costal Surgery: Assessing the Thoracoabdominal Limits
Authors: Manzaneda Raul M. , Verdugo Juan P. , Vega Héctor Duran , Babaitis Ricardo , Viaro Maurício , Botelho Daniel L. , Adrianzen Gerardo A. , Michels Paulo , Parashar Sanjay 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Knowing the anatomy of the ribs is crucial for understanding various rib procedures. The present study is aimed at describing radiological measurements and ratios of 83 Latin American patients undergoing thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT).

Methods:
A total of 83 thoracoabdominal computed tomography scans of women aged 18–35 conducted at a medical center in Lima, Peru, were reviewed from January 2022 to January 2023. The resulting measurements and ratios were used to calculate frequency distributions. All data were stored in a Microsoft Excel database and analyzed using statistical analysis software SPSS version 28.

Results:
Ratios and measures of the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth ribs are shown in the different tables, and costal characteristics with an adequate statistical significance are defined.

Conclusions:
Using radiological measurements and rib ratios, we were able to find key anatomical relationships with an adequate level of significance, which could help establish objective results in rib procedures.
Equivalence in Color-coded Duplex Sonography Parameters before Complex Microsurgery
Authors: Rendón-Medina Marco Aurelio , Garcia-Gonzalez Ivan , Rojas-Ortiz Jorge Arturo , Hanson-Viana Erik , Mendoza-Vélez María de los Ángeles , Vargas Rocha Jesus Manuel , Hernández-Ordoñez Rubén , Vazquez Morales Hecly Lya , Sandoval-Rodriguez Jorge Isaac , Pacheco Lopez Ricardo Cesar 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) is a widely proposed noninvasive diagnostic tool in microsurgery. CCDS has been applied to lower extremity salvage cases to define appropriate blood flow velocity criteria for achieving arterial success in diabetic foot and complex microsurgery cases. This study aimed to compare the success ratio of free flaps when using CCDS versus cases where CCDS was not used.

Methods:
We included complex microsurgery cases from 2019 to 2021. These cases were subsequently categorized into two groups: group A consisted of cases where CCDS parameters were applied, whereas group B comprised cases where CCDS was not performed at all.

Results:
The study encompassed 14 cases (11 men and three women). The age range varied from 23 to 62 years, with an average age of 42. Using CCDS analysis and planning demonstrated improved outcomes in comparison with cases where CCDS was not performed, albeit without statistical significance (P = 0.064).

Conclusions:
The application of CCDS proves to be beneficial in the realm of microsurgery. Although not achieving statistical significance, our data imply that CCDS utilization holds promise for enhancing microsurgical procedures.
Longitudinal Comparison of Orbital Volumes from Enucleated Eyes with Hydroxyapatite Orbital Implant in Unilateral Retinoblastoma Patients
Authors: Kruglov Aleksandr A. , Laplant Jacquelyn F. , Dryden Stephen C. , Kornblau Ilyse S. , Kaste Sue C. , Wang Fang , Wilson Matthew W. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
To compare the orbital volume between enucleated and contralateral, uninvolved orbits over a 5-year period in patients with unilateral retinoblastoma who underwent enucleation with hydroxyapatite (HA) implant placement by a single surgeon.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed on the clinical records and radiographic images of unilateral retinoblastoma patients who underwent enucleation with primary HA implantation from 2003 to 2020 at a single institution. Bilateral orbital volume measurements were taken from the initial postoperative MRI scan and again at 1- and 5-years postenucleation. The main outcome measure was the longitudinal change in volume difference (∆𝑉). The implant size, age at enucleation, and sex were also evaluated. A linear mixed-effect model was used for analysis.

Results:
A total of 124 patients (73 males) with HA implants following enucleation were included. Overall, the unaffected orbit trended toward having a greater volume compared with the enucleated orbit, but this was not statistically significant (β = 0.003; p = 0.122). The mean age at enucleation was 2.4 years. The median time between enucleation and the initial, 1-year, and 5-year postoperative MRIs was 6 months, 17 months, and 55 months, respectively. There was no statistical correlation between age at enucleation, gender, implant size, or orbital volume at any time points (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Patients treated with enucleation and primary HA implant placement for unilateral retinoblastoma did not display significant asymmetry in orbital volume on 5-year postenucleation MRIs, suggesting that HA implants promote orbital growth comparable to a nonenucleated orbit in the pediatric population.
Predictive factors for severe outcomes in substance abuse-related emergency visits: A 5-year retrospective analysis at a medical center in Taiwan
Authors: Hsieh Chia-Ying , Hsu Jen-Yu , Yang Chen-Chang 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Substance abuse is a considerable medical issue worldwide, yet current surveillance systems in Taiwan offer limited insights into the clinical characteristics and outcomes of substance abuse patients. This study aimed to delineate the epidemiology of emergency department visits related to substance abuse at a hospital in Taiwan and to identify factors predictive of severe complications or mortality.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on substance abuse-related emergency department visits at a medical center in Taiwan between 2009 and 2013. Eligible participants were individuals aged 20 or older who had confirmed substance abuse through urinalysis. Variables such as patient demographics, substances abused, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were collected. Severe outcomes were defined as admission to the intensive care unit, requirement for endotracheal intubation, or in-hospital death. Logistic regression models were employed to identify factors contributing to severe outcomes.

Results:
The cohort consisted of 623 patients, of whom 64.0% were female and 67.1% were aged between 20 and 49 years. Benzodiazepines were detected in 75.3% of patients, while z-drugs (specifically zopiclone, zolpidem, or zaleplon) were found in 27.8%. Depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens were present in 14.9%, 10.6%, and 0.6% of the cases, respectively. Of the patient, 121 (19.4%) experienced severe outcomes, including 116 (18.6%) intensive care unit admissions, 73 (11.7%) intubations, and 11 (1.8%) in-hospital deaths. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed multiple predictors of severe outcomes, such as emergency department triage level, aspiration pneumonia, leukocytosis, abnormal hepatic function, abnormal renal function, hypernatremia, and hypocalcemia.

Conclusion:
In Taiwan, benzodiazepines emerged as the most prevalent substance of abuse among emergency department visitors, and a significant proportion of these patients experienced severe outcomes. Continuous monitoring of severe outcome predictors is essential for enhanced understanding and management.
Evaluation of Serum Soluble CD27 and CXCL-10 Levels in Patients with Vitiligo
Authors: Aboelmagd Marwa A. , Assaf Hanan A. , Hassan Mohammed H. , Abdelmegeed Hanan A. , Abdelwahab Ashraf 
Published: November 2023

Objectives:
Vitiligo is a relatively common skin disfiguring disorder that exhibits a fluctuating course between activity and stability, making monitoring and management challenging. Autoimmunity plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Numerous autoimmune disorders have been associated with both CD27 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10). However, trials evaluating their role in vitiligo are lacking in the Egyptian setting. We evaluated the circulating levels of these two biomarkers in patients with vitiligo and the possible correlation between their levels and disease activity.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 70 patients with vitiligo and 20 healthy controls. The patients were clinically assessed and then divided into active and stable groups according to clinical signs of activity and Vitiligo Disease Activity Scores. The levels of CD27 and CXCL10 in the serum were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in both the patients and the controls, then the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to analyze the data.

Results:
Active and stable vitiligo patients have significantly higher median serum CXCL10 (385.9, and 245.2 pg/ml) and CD27 (61.6, and 66.5 ng/ml) levels compared to the controls (193 pg/ml, and 52.5 ng/ml respectively), p˂0.05 for all. In vitiligo cases, although CXCL10 levels significantly increased with disease activity (P < 0.001), CD27 levels were comparable between the two subgroups (P =0.953). CXCL10 positively correlated with disease activity (r=0.887, P < 0.0001). CXCL10 had higher sensitivity and lower specificity (95.7% and 60% respectively) compared to CD27 (71.4% and 75%, respectively) for differentiating cases from controls.

Conclusion:
There is a possibility that CXCL10 and CD27 are involved in the development and course of vitiligo.
Why Don’t Employees Participate in Well-being Programs? A Research-Informed Systems-Based Model
Authors: Sherman Bruce W. , Stiehl Emily , Wator Caroline , Pratap Preethi Lakshmi 
Published: November 2023

Objective
Employee nonparticipation in well-being programs is common, but not well understood. Development of a systems-based framework to characterize reasons for nonparticipation can inform efforts to enhance engagement.

Methods
Following literature review and building on previous research, a systems-based model was developed to contextualize participation barriers.

Results
Well-being program nonparticipation is more frequent among low-wage workers as well as minority subpopulations. Contributors include employer factors, such as inequitable benefits design, and employee factors, such as lack of perceived relevance, barriers to access, and lower prioritization of personal health needs.

Conclusions
A systems-based approach to evaluating well-being program nonparticipation can help identify factors contributing to employee nonparticipation and lead to targeted policy and practice changes that encourage greater employee engagement.