bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grupo de preparação para o parto do Hospital Estadual Sumaré
Authors: Sanfelice Clara Fróes de Oliveira , Anastácio Juliana Vergínia , Montessino Jaqueline Maria Torres , Janhaque Vitória Rocha , Godoy Gabriela Alves , Vieira Daniella Aparecida Nogueira , Silva Heloisa de Moraes e , Barros Júlia Oliveira Monteiro de , Gonçalves Ananda Miranda , Herrmann Catarina Palamartchuk , Carbol Letícia Fiorini 
Published: January 2024

Introdução: Estudos apontam que as mulheres que frequentam grupos de preparação para o parto estão mais propensas a vivenciarem experiências de parto satisfatórias, pois são beneficiadas com o aumento do conhecimento sobre o tema. Este projeto de extensão tem como objetivo ofertar um programa de preparação para a experiência de parto, englobando aspectos fisiológicos e emocionais do processo. Métodos: Encontros semanais no Hospital Estadual Sumaré (HES). As gestantes são convidadas a participar pelos profissionais de saúde que atendem pré-natal no município, ou por outras gestantes já participantes. Em cada encontro é abordado um tema de estímulo e preparação para o parto normal, baseado nas atuais recomendações do Ministério da Saúde e OMS. São utilizadas estratégias educativas diversas e proporcionado um espaço de intensa troca de informações entre gestantes e equipe. Todo mês é realizada uma visita no Centro Obstétrico e Alojamento Conjunto para favorecer a vinculação com o serviço, conforme preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Resultados: Até o momento, cerca de 190 gestantes já passaram pelo grupo. Percebe-se que as gestantes demonstram maior interesse e disposição para a vivência do parto normal após informações recebidas nos encontros. Além disso, as experiências de parto têm se mostrado positivas, o que pode ser observado por meio dos relatos de parto compartilhados no grupo. Conclusão: Os encontros proporcionados pelo grupo parecem impactar positivamente nas experiências de parto das participantes e aumentar a procura pelo parto normal.
Reasons for Students Interest in Learning Physics Subjects in Senior High School
Authors: Kurniawan Affandi Faisal , Ristanto Sigit , Khoiri Nur 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the reasons of students' interest in learning physics in Senior High School. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection method used includes a questionnaire. The questionnaire is in the form of closed questions with a Likert scale from 1-5 addressed to students. This research was conducted in local schools in the city of Semarang that were selected in accordance with the direction and objectives of this research. School A represents superior schools, school B represents mediocre schools, and school C represents non-excellent schools.The results showed that 1) the highest percentage of interest in learning physics was at School A which was 78.72%. Meanwhile, the lowest percentage of interest in learning physics is 46.83% (School C). The percentages are 67.59%, 56.76%, and 55.56%, respectively.
Primary Pulmonary Paraganglioma, Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Bardhi Ledi , Vannucchi Margherita , Corzani Roberto , Galgano Angela , Nicola Libero Antonio , Paladini Piero , Bellan Cristiana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Primary pulmonary paraganglioma (PPPG) is an extremely rare neuroendocrine tumor, counting less than 1% of all paragangliomas (PGs). The incidence of PGs ranges between 2–8 per million in a year. Generally, pulmonary PGs are nonfunctional. The majority of the patients develop respiratory symptoms, such as a cough, chest pain, or dyspnea, as in our case. The average size of the neoplasm is about 7 cm. There seems to be no difference in incidence between the right and left lungs; however, the lower lobe appears to be the most affected.
On gross examination, the neoplasm was well-demarcated with a white-brown cut surface and solid consistency. The tumor cells appear in a typical nested pattern supported by a thin vascular framework producing the classic ‘zellballen’ or the basket pattern. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive for CgA, Syn, and S100.
PPPGs are rare entities, and their differential diagnosis with carcinoid tumors, more typical for this site, is not always easy and lies in subtle morphological and immunophenotypic differences. A correct diagnosis is decisive since mutations in tumor susceptibility genes have been reported in 50% of the patients. Thus genetic testing and counseling should be considered.
Gender issues in myopia: a changing paradigm in generations
Authors: Enthoven Clair , Haarman Annechien , Swierkowska Joanna , Tideman J. Willem L. , Polling Jan Roelof , Raat Hein , Verhoeven Virginie , Labrecque Jeremy , Klaver Caroline 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Myopia is becoming an important cause of visual impairment. Determining risk profiles will help to develop targeted prevention strategies. This study aims to explore the difference in myopia development between genders in two cohorts representing different generations, and to assess whether hypothetical interventions targeting education or lifestyle factors would reduce a gender gap. This study included two Dutch population-based cohorts; 11,109 adults aged ≥ 45 years from the Rotterdam Study I-III born between 1887 and 1960, and 7229 children from the birth cohort Generation R study born between 2002 and 2006 at age 9–13 years. Sequential G-estimation was used to estimate changes in gender-specific myopia prevalence, incidence and spherical equivalent if hypothetical interventions such as education and lifestyle changes would have been implemented. Myopia prevalence was 32.3% in men and 29.3% in women in the generation born between 1887 and 1960 (0.23 dioptre difference in spherical equivalent; p < 0.001); while this prevalence was 20.2% in boys and 24.7% in girls born between 2002 and 2006 at age 13 (0.15 dioptre difference in spherical equivalent; p = 0.02). In the older generation, hypothetically intervening to lower education reduced the difference between genders by -52.4% (-108.0%; -13.2%) for spherical equivalent and − 53.0% (-112.0%; -11.6%) for myopia. In children, hypothetically intervening on reducing reading time (-50.0%, 95%CI=-267.5%; 33.8% for spherical equivalent) and number of books read/week (-76.8%, 95% CI=-349.9%; 20.2% for spherical equivalent) was most prominent, but not statistically significant. The results show that men had a higher prevalence of myopia in our study of older generations; while girls had a higher prevalence in the young generation. Our hypothetical interventions suggest that these generation-specific gender preponderances were largely due to education and, possibly, lifestyle factors in youth.
Does Digital Financial Development Promote Tax to GDP Ratio in the South Asian Region? The Moderating Role of Governance
Authors: Hasan Mohammed Kamrul , Rahman Md Mufizur , alom khairul , Khan Ashik Imran , Ahmed Wayes 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This paper sheds light on digital financial development and its impact on the Tax-to-GDP ratio for the five South Asian countries. The panel pooled mean group, mean group, augmented mean group, and Dumitrescu Hurlin causality models applied to investigate long-run and short run relationship among the variables from 1990 to 2021. The results reveal that digital financial development significantly and robustly impacts the Tax-to-GDP ratio of the South Asian Countries in the long run. However, traditional financial development has failed to impact the region's Tax-to-GDP ratio significantly. The causality test results confirmed that digital financial development has a bi-directional causal link with the tax-to-GDP ratio in the short run. The governance indicator, rule of law also played a decisive moderating role in digital financial development to improve the Tax-to-GDP ratio for South Asian countries. The findings of GMM and DOLS are also constituent that digital financial development has a substantial and positive impact on Tax-to-GDP ratio. Thus, policymakers should be concerned about digitalizing financial sector activities to improve the tax-to-GDP ratio in the region through monitoring and tracking transactions.
Harvesting Nature's Bounty: Leveraging Flood Water Diversion for Sustainable Agriculture and Pisciculture in Wetlands
Authors: Saha Asish , Bora Pradip Kumar , Kurbah Shanbor , Das Ranjit , Chyne Bajitborlang L , Aggarwal Shiv P 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Lakhimpur district extensive river system has been prone to flash floods, causing devastation every year. In the district, wetlands are disappearing at an alarming rate, covering a large part of the land surface. To achieve a reduction in flood magnitude, it is important to investigate the feasibility of diverting flood water to existing wetlands. As a result, the study investigated flood mitigation measures, such as the diversion of floodwater into existing wetlands. LiDAR-DEM was used to determine the capacity of suitable wetlands. An embankment along their edges was constructed to increase their capacity and prevent them from overtopping. To divert flood water, LiDAR-DEM was used to identify suitable routes, and canal sections were designed along those routes using Lacey’s Regime theory. Estimating peak flood discharge in rivers was done using HEC-HMS hydrological modeling software. In-situ Sediment load calculation was carried-out. AHP model was used to identify the suitable sites for Check-dam construction as a controlling measure. Crops that can be grown during non-monsoon seasons were recommended for use of wetland water. Using the Crop Water Requirement for the respective crops, the water availability in the wetland was evaluated. The findings demonstrate that the peak river discharge exceeds the capacity of wetlands, and it is additionally evident that the flow of silt will quickly fill wetlands. Flood water diversion into existing wetlands will not be feasible since it would be unsustainable and expensive. However, economic analysis shows that utilizing wetlands water for irrigation and pisciculture may lead to positive economic growth.
Discovery of antimicrobial peptides targeting Acinetobacter baumannii via a pre-trained and fine-tuned few-shot learning-based pipeline
Authors: Ji Jian , Huang Junjie , Zhang Wentao , Wang Aowen , Lai Yuxian , Xu yanchao , Wang Cong , Zhao Junbo , Zhang Peng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii, a robust Gram-negative bacterium known for inducing nosocomial infections and displaying multidrug resistance, remains a formidable challenge to combat. The limited arsenal of antimicrobial peptides targeting this pathogen underscores the need for innovative strategies. Here, we report a pioneering few-shot learning-based pipeline designed to identify potent antimicrobial peptides targeting A. baumannii. This pipeline effectively scans through the entire libraries of hexapeptides, heptapeptides and octapeptides, encompassing tens of billions of candidates, despite the extreme scarcity of available training data (148 sequences). Comprising classification, ranking, and regression modules as an integration, each module is trained using a few-shot learning strategy involving pre-training and multiple fine-tuning steps while incorporating both similar and true data fine-tuning. This methodology mitigates the potential overfitting concerns, due to the small size of the training samples, then enhances the predictive capability of the pipeline. The leading peptides predicted showcase robust activity against multiple A. baumannii strains, while demonstrating low off-target toxicity and negligible susceptibility to drug resistance. Additionally, the EME7(7) exhibits efficacy in controlling A. baumannii infections within a mouse pneumonia model, notably without inducing kidney injury—a contrast to the observed effects of polymyxin B. This work provides a paradigm for addressing the challenges posed by limited data availability.
The nutritional effect of aqueous extracts of coconut and pomegranate fruits in silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) with the toxic impact of green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Elyamani Enas Moustafa , Abd-Elmonem Hend Mohamed , EL-Shafey Nouran Mohamed , El-Haleem Salwa Abdel-Aziz Ezzat Abdel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Quantitative risk assessment of flash floods based on investigation and evaluation of flash flood disaster in Chongqing
Authors: Qin Jing , Wang Lu , Niu jie , Zhao Lingyun , Zhu Ming , Yi yaning , Yao Ruihu , Niu WE 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Quantitative risk assessment of flash flood is crucial for the development of disaster prevention and mitigation strategies. Based on investigation and evaluation of flash flood disaster and the natural geographic conditions, a flash flood risk assessment framework was constructed considering hazard, vulnerability and resilience. Chongqing, known as the mountain city, was selected as a case study. Results indicate that the risk value of flash flood in Chongqing is between 0.25 and 0.66. The areas of extremely high-risk zone, high-risk zone, medium-risk zone and low-risk zone in Chongqing are 1,707,200, 2,773,800, 2,570,100 and 1,183,700 square kilometers, respectively, which the percentage of area in high risk and above areas is as high as 54.41%. Extremely high-risk areas are mainly concentrated in Wuxi in the northeast of Chongqing, Youyang in the southeast of Chongqing, and Nanan, Rongchang and Hechuan districts in the main urban metropolitan area, while high-risk areas are mainly located in Chengkou in the northeast of Chongqing, Pengshui and Shizhu in the southeast of Chongqing, and Jiangbei and Tongnan districts in the main urban metropolitan area. It is worth noting that extremely high-risk zones are distributed more than 50% in Dadukou, Hechuan, Nanan, Rongchang, Shapingba, Wuxi and Youyang districts, and high-risk zones are distributed more than 50% in Chengkou, Jiangbei, Nanchuan, Pengshui, Shizhu, Tongnan and Yunyang districts, suggesting that these districts should be given more attention in flash flood disaster defense.
Exploring Economic Networks: The Social Accounting Matrix and Its Role in Economic Analysis
Authors: Morales Jeffrey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This study addresses the importance and applications of the SAM in various economic contexts. The SAM for Chile 2017 has been constructed based on the Household Budget Survey and data provided by the Central Bank of Chile. This has been meticulously disaggregated to allow for in-depth analysis. The relevance of the SAM in evaluating two fundamental economic approaches is highlighted: Multipliers and Computable General Equilibrium models. While models based on multipliers estimate the impact that a change in income in a specific sector has on the economy, CGE models offer a more holistic view, considering intersectoral adaptations and thus providing a more accurate scenario. Subsequently, various applications in areas such as environmental economics, public policy, and income distribution are evidence. This paper not only presents a methodology for the development of a SAM but also demonstrates its utility in the field of economic and its ability to outline economic interconnections.
Discovery of a transient megaelectronvolt emission line in the GRB 221023A.
Authors: Jiang Lu-Yao , Wei Daming , Wang Yun , Li Xiang , He Haoning , Ren Jia , Wei Yu-Jia , Jin Zhi-Ping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The detection of spectral line in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is rare and valuable. Up to now, only the narrow emission line feature of about 10 MeV discovered in GRB~221009A has exhibited a significance exceeding $ 5 \sigma$, while the significance of other spectral lines remains controversial. Here, we present a spectral analysis of the broad-band prompt emission data from GRB~221023A. We discovered a narrow emission feature at around 2.1~MeV with a local significance of $ 5.73\sigma$ during the time interval around the main pulse peak ($ 8-30 \ \rm s$). Taking into account the look-elsewhere effect the global significance of the observed excess is $5.44\sigma$. By modelling its profile with a Gaussian function, we find that the central energy $E_{\rm gauss} \sim 2.1 \ \rm MeV$ remains constant over time, while the width $\sigma_{\rm gauss}$ exhibits a decreasing trend as time progresses ($\sim 280 \ \rm keV$ to $\sim 140 \ \rm keV$). The flux of the narrow emission is approximately around $10^{-6} \ \rm erg \ cm^{-2} \ s^{-1}$. We consider one of the potential explanations for this emission line is a MeV nuclear de-excitation line. If it arises from the 4.44 MeV line of $^{12} \rm C$, the redshift for GRB~221023A would be $z\sim 1.1$ with an isotropic bolometric emission energy $E_{\gamma, \rm iso} \sim 1.9\times10^{54} \rm \ erg$. If the narrow emission feature arises from the 6.13 MeV line of $^{16} \rm O$, its redshift should be $z\sim 1.9$ with $E_{\gamma, \rm iso} \sim 4.9\times10^{54} \rm \ erg$. A detailed understanding of the conditions that can give rise to such a feature could provide essential clues to the emission process of GRBs.
Exploration of Clinical Ethics Consultation in Uganda: A case study of Uganda Cancer Institute
Authors: Nanyonga Mayi Mayega , Kutyabami Paul , Kituuka Olivia , Sewankambo Nelson K 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction Globally, healthcare providers (HCPs), hospital administrators, patients and their caretakers are increasingly confronted with complex moral, social, cultural, ethical, and legal dilemmas during clinical care. In high-income countries (HICs), formal and informal clinical ethics support services (CESS) have been used to resolve bioethical conflicts among HCPs, patients, and their families. There is limited evidence of mechanisms used to resolve these issues as well as experiences and perspectives of the stakeholders that utilize them in most African countries including Uganda.Methodology This qualitative study utilized in-depth-interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) to collect data from Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) staff, patients, and caretakers, who were purposively selected. Data was analyzed deductively and inductively yielding themes and sub-themes that were used to develop a codebook.Results There was no formal committee nor mechanism utilized to resolve ethical dilemmas at the UCI. The study uncovered six fora where ethical dilemmas were addressed: individual consultations, tumor board meetings, morbidity and mortality meetings, core management meetings, rewards and sanctions committee meetings, and clinical departmental meetings. Participants expressed apprehension regarding the efficacy of these fora due to their non-ethics related agendas as well as members lacking training in medical ethics and the necessary experience to effectively resolve ethical dilemmas.Conclusion The fora employed at the UCI to address ethical dilemmas were implicit, involving decisions made through various structures without the guidance of personnel well-versed in medical or clinical ethics. There was a strong recommendation from participants to establish a multidisciplinary clinical ethics committee comprising members who are trained, skilled, and experienced in medical and clinical ethics.
Prevalence of trochlea dysplasia in a large cohort
Authors: Vella-Baldacchino Martinique , Cipolla Alessandra , Guy Sylvain , Liarno Sally , Faizan Ahmad , Argenson Jean-Noel , Ollivier Matthieu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Hypothesis/Purpose:
The prevalence of trochlea dysplasia is common in different populations.
Background
The true prevalence of trochlea dysplasia in the general population categorised on gender, race, age and body mass index has been sparse. The purpose of this study was to define the prevalence of trochlea dysplasia based on the latter categories.
Study Design:
Cohort retrospective study.
Methods
1165 skeletal mature healthy femora were obtained from a CT-scan-based modelling system (SOMA). Trochlea dysplasia was measured using Pfirmann’s method. Patient demographics such as age, race and gender were recorded.
Results
There is an overall prevalence of 4.5% and is commoner in Asian female patients.
Conclusion
Although there is a lack of consensus with regards to classification of trochlea dysplasia there is an ongoing focus on treatment of trochlea dysplasia. If more funding is to be directed towards these treatment strategies knowing the overall prevalence and burden on patients is essential for funding bodies.
Oculomotor function captured via an electronic tablet informs on cognition and disease severity in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Koch Nils A. , Voss Patrice , Cisneros-Franco J. Miguel , Drouin-Picaro Alexandre , Tounkara Fama , Ducharme Simon , Guitton Daniel , Villers-Sidani Étienne 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Studying the oculomotor system provides a unique opportunity and window to assess brain health and function in various clinical populations. Although the use of detailed oculomotor parameters in clinical research has been limited due to the scalability of the required equipment, the development of novel tablet-based eye-tracking technologies has created opportunities for reliable and accurate eye tracking measures. Oculomotor measures captured via a mobile tablet-based technology have previously been shown to reliably discriminate between Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients and healthy controls. Here we further the use of oculomotor measures from tablet-based eye-tracking to inform on various cognitive abilities and disease severity in PD patients. When combined using partial least square regression, the extracted oculomotor parameters can explain up to 71% of the variance in cognitive test scores (e.g. Trail Making Test). Moreover, using a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis we show that eye-tracking parameters can be used in a support vector classifier to discriminate between individuals with mild PD from those with moderate PD (based on UPDRS cut-off scores) with an accuracy of 89%.
Mild atopic dermatitis is characterized by increase in non-staphylococcus pathobionts and loss of specific species
Authors: Delanghe Lize , De Boeck Ilke , Malderen Joke Van , Allonsius Camille Nina , Rillaer Tim Van , Bron Peter A. , Claes Ingmar , Hagendorens Margo , Lebeer Sarah , Leysen Julie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is the most common inflammatory skin condition with a severe negative impact on patients’ quality of life. The etiology of AD is complex, with roles for age, genetics, the immune system, environmental factors, and the skin microbiome, with a key role for pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus in the development of severe AD. However, the composition of the skin microbiome in mild AD is understudied. Here, using metagenomic shallow shotgun sequencing, we showed that mild AD lesions did not show a significant difference in the diversity of the skin microbiome compared to samples from non-AD patients and that the relative abundance of S. aureus did not differ in these mild AD lesions. However, when we assessed other taxa, Mycobacterium ostraviense, Pedobacter panaciterrae_A and four Streptomyces species were identified with higher abundances in mild AD lesions and species of 15 genera were decreased in abundance. The highest fold decreases were observed for Paracoccus marcusii, Microbacterium lacticum, Micrococcus luteus, and Moraxella sp002478835. These microbiome compositional insights are a first step towards novel microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics for early intervention at the stage of mild AD and provide a path forward for the functional study of species involved in this often-overlooked patient population.