bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthodontic treatment need in 14-16 year-old Tehran high school students
Authors: Safavi Seyed Mohammadreza , Sefidroodi Aliakbar , Nouri Mahtab , Eslamian Ladan , Kheirieh Sanam , Bagheban Alireza Akbarzadeh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim
To assess orthodontic treatment need in a Tehran high school population.

Methods
The Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was used by 21 trained examiners to estimate the orthodontic treatment need in 5200 Tehran high school students. The children, between 14 and 16 years of age, attended 84 high schools in 21 educational areas in Tehran and the neighbouring city of Rey. Children who had had orthodontic treatment and those who had not been treated were assessed. Children under treatment were excluded. Major components of the DHC were recorded.

Results
When the DHC is considered, 2 per cent of Tehran school children showed ‘Extreme need’, 18 per cent ‘Severe need’, 23 per cent ‘Moderate need’, 37 per cent ‘Little need’ and 20 per cent had ‘No need’ of orthodontic treatment. In those needing treatment (Grades 4 and 5) common deviations were hypodontia, contact point displacements, crossbites and increased overjet. A small number of the subjects (N = 36) who had received orthodontic treatment required further treatment. Of these, 18 subjects (50 per cent) had hypodontia, 10 subjects (28 per cent) had contact point displacements and 4 subjects (11 per cent) had increased overjet.

Conclusion
Twenty per cent of Tehran high school students needed orthodontic treatment (IOTN Grades 4 and 5).
Effects of levelling of the curve of Spee on the proclination of mandibular incisors and expansion of dental arches: a prospective clinical trial
Authors: Pandis Nikolaos , Polychronopoulou Argy , Sifakakis Iosif , Makou Margarita , Eliades Theodore 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the effects of levelling the curve of Spee (COS) on the inclination of the mandibular incisors and the width of the mandibular arch.

Methods
Fifty patients, 10–18 years of age, were selected using the following inclusion criteria: nonextraction treatment in the mandibular arch; eruption of all mandibular teeth; no spaces in the mandibular arch; no crowding in the posterior mandibular segments; a mandibular irregularity index greater than 2.5. The depth of the COS, the amount of crowding of the mandibular anterior dentition and the intercanine and intermolar widths were measured on standardised photographs of the casts. The inclinations of the mandibular incisors were measured on cephalometric radiographs. The paired t-test was used to analyse changes in the intercanine and intermolar widths and incisor inclinations before and after treatment, whilst the Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to examine changes in the COS with treatment. The data were further analysed with a regression analysis to determine the measurements that predicted a reduction of the curve of Spee at the 5 per cent level of significance.

Results
The COS showed a median decrease of 0.9 mm, with 50 per cent of the cases ranging between 0.4 mm and 1.4 mm. The sole predictor of curve flattening was the lower incisor to mandibular plane angle.

Conclusions
The COS is mainly ‘flattened’ by proclining the mandibular incisors. For 1 mm of levelling the mandibular incisors were proclined 4 degrees, without increasing arch width.
Evaluation of the therapeutic performance of ICON infiltration resin in the treatment of White Spot Lesions in esthetic dental areas. Clinical Report.
Authors: Stoica Alexandra Mihaela , Stoica Oana Elena , Dako Timea , Kovàcs-Ivàcson Andrea-Csinszka , Monea Monica , Bardocz-Veres Zsuzsanna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
White spot lesions, pathologically characterized by enamel demineralization, present a significant challenge in dentistry. Notably, intervention at the white spot stage is crucial to impede further lesion progression. Recent advances studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of flowable resin infiltration as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional treatment modalities. This technique allows for the concurrent treatment of multiple lesions in a single appointment, circumventing the necessity for local anesthesia or extensive cavity preparation. Clinically, this method has shown consistent stability, evidenced by maintained enamel integrity, enhanced rigidity, and preservation of adjacent healthy dental tissues. Additionally, the aesthetic outcomes of this approach are noteworthy, with a gradual diminution of lesion visibility over time. The present case report elucidates the long-term clinical outcomes and the efficaciousness of the Icon kit in the targeted management of specific white spot lesion pathologies.
Insurrection, Disqualification, and the Presidency
Authors: Vlahoplus John 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment provides in part that anyone who takes an oath as an officer of the United States to support its Constitution but engages in insurrection may not hold any civil or military office under it until Congress removes the disability by a two-thirds vote of each House. The insurrection of January 6, 2021, and the coming presidential election raise two pressing constitutional questions. For purposes of Section 3, is the President an officer of the United States, and is the Presidency an office under the United States?
This Article makes the case that the President is an officer of, and holds an office under, the United States for those purposes. It contributes to the debate over the provision's reach by setting out the broad case for Section 3's application to Presidents and the Presidency, utilizing text, purpose, legislative history, canons of construction, ordinary usage, and contemporaneous judicial and executive interpretations.
The Article demonstrates public understandings before and after ratification that Section 3 bars eligibility to the Presidency, both in general and for the most important disqualified rebel—Jefferson Davis. It catalogues descriptions of Presidents as officers of the United States from Washington in 1794 to Jefferson, Jackson, Van Buren, Harrison, Polk, Taylor, Fillmore, Buchanan, Lincoln, Johnson, Grant, and Garfield, many of which occurred in the context of the President's election, constitutional position, and role in preventing domestic violence, preserving the Union, and enforcing the law during Reconstruction. Finally, it ties related Reconstruction statutes, legislative history, and contemporaneous judicial and executive interpretations into the broad case that Section 3 bars faithless Presidents from again taking the oath to “preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States” until Congress permits.
First Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Paratylenchus vandenbrandei (Rhabditida: Tylenchulidae) in Iran
Authors: Abdolkhani Abbas , Azimi Sedighe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Paratylenchus vandenbrandei, has been recovered from the rhizospheric soil of Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) in the Karkheh protected area of Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran. The species was identified as P. vandenbrandei by the presence of three lines in the lateral fields; conoid rounded lip region; presence of submedian lobes, a stylet 24.0–28.8 μm long; an excretory pore at the level of the anterior part of the pharyngeal bulb; a round-to-oval spermatheca; presence of vulval flaps; and a conoid tail, with a terminus that is rounded or slightly pointed in some specimens. Males have a conoid tail, with a rounded-to-slightly-pointed terminus. The phylogenetic relationships of the species were reconstructed and investigated using partial sequencing of the D2-D3 expansion segments of large subunits, as well as internal transcribed spacer regions (LSU D2-D3 and ITS rDNA) based on Bayesian inference (BI). P. vandenbrandei has formed a clade with P. neonanus, P. minor, P. nainianus, P. chongqinjensis, P. pedrami, P. baldaccii, P. leptos and P. rostrocaudatus with maximal support (BPP = 1.00). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. vandenbrandei in Iran and the first molecular characterization of the species worldwide.
Perkembangan Pendidikan Dengan Penerapan Pembelajaran Secara Daring Di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Sinaga Devi Yusnila , Muniro Jahro , Hidayat Syarif , Hasibuan Sukron Habibi 
Published: December 2023

Pendidikan adalah segala daya upaya dan semua usaha untuk membuat masyarakat dapat mengembangkan potensi manusia agar memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, berkepribadian. Pendidikan dikembangkan untuk dapat membentuk kepribadian melalui pendidikan lingkungan yang bisa dipelajari baik secara sengaja maupun tidak. Dalam perkembangan pendidikan, situasi dan kondisi sekitar sangat berpengaruh dalam proses keberlangsungannya. Hal ini berkaitan dengan kurikulum dan sistem pendidikan yang diterapkan disuatu kondisi pendidikan.
Sistem Pendidikan di Indonesia berkembang dengan sistem yang bernama kurikulum 2013. Pembelajaran yang dilakukan untuk memusatkan kemampuan peserta didik dan mengembangkan bakat peserta didik. Mengaitkan sistem pendidikan sekarang dengan keadaan masa pandemic sungguh bertolak belakang. Pendidikan yang dilakukan secara daring memberikan jalan baru untuk dunia pendidikan mengembangkan pembelajaran yang lebih modern. Pendidikan dengan menggunakan teknologi ini, dapat diterapkan untuk mengatasi dan mengantisipasi keadaan pandemi yang mengharuskan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan teknologi. Pendidikan diterapakan dengan penyesuaian kondisi dan keadaan lingkungan disekitar. Pendidikan berupaya untuk dapat menerapkan pembelajaran yang efektif. Salah satu upaya pendidikan untuk mewujudkan pembelajaran efektif diera pandemic ialah dengan pembelajaran secara daring.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka yang sesuai dikembangkan. Studi pustaka tersebut terdiri dari 4 langkah, yaitu pemilihan topic artikel, mencari serta menyeleksi artikel dan buku yang berkaitan dengan topik, menganalisis dan mensintesis literatur, dan mengorganisasikan tulisan.
Praktik yang dikembangkan dalam pendidikan dengan menerapkan pembelajaran secara daring memberikan pengaruh besar. Sistem pembelajaran daring mengenalkan peserta didik tentang pemanfaatan teknologi, pembelajaran yang lebih kondusif serta belajar mandiri. Pemanfaatan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan sistem daring membantu perkembangan pendidikan kearah yang lebih maju. Sehingga pembelajaran daring memberikan inovasi baru terhadap dunia pendidikan.
PERSEPSI PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VII TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDI PEKERTI DI SMP WIDYA SAKTI DENPASAR
Authors: Ni Luh Made Anggriantini  , Ni Made Anggreni  , Ni Nyoman Mariani  
Published: December 2023

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan berbagai macam perubahan, salah satunya yakni pada bidang pendidikan, yang pada awalnya pembelajaran dilakukan secara tatap muka kini berubah menjadi pembelajaran daring. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring khususnya pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti sudah ditempuh oleh peserta didik kelas VII. Namun, persepsi terhadap pembelajaran tersebut belum diketahui, maka perlu adanya penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi peserta didik kelas VII terhadap pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti di SMP Widya Sakti Denpasar. Adapun masalah yang akan dibahas adalah bagaimanakah persepsi peserta didik kelas VII terhadap pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti di SMP Widya Sakti Denpasar?
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah angket dengan 34 butir pernyataan. Uji coba instrumen penelitian dilakukan pada 30 peserta didik diluar sampel penelitian. Angket dinyatakan valid dan reliabel (r hitung = 0,361). Sampel penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VII di SMP Widya Sakti Denpasar yang berjumlah 36 responden yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik Propotional Random Sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif yang meliputi distribusi frekuensi, dan histogram.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi peserta didik kelas VII terhadap pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti di SMP Widya Sakti Denpasar dari segi proses kealaman tergolong baik, dari segi proses fisiologis tergolong cukup baik, dari segi psikologis tergolong cukup baik, dan dari segi tanggapan atau prilaku tergolong cukup baik.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDI PEKERTI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SMP PGRI 2 DENPASAR
Authors: Ni Putu Damiyani  , Kadek Aria Prima Dewi PF  , Ida Ayu Gde Wulandari  
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the education system in Indonesia, according to the SE of the Ministry of Education and Culture Number 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Education in the Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Emergency Period. In this condition, all teachers or educators are required to replace learning using E-learning or through online media, including at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar. The formulation of the problems that will be studied in this research are: (1) How is the planning of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar?, (2) How is the implementation of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid pandemic? -19 at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar?, (3) How is the evaluation of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar?. This study aims to: (1) describe the planning of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic, (2) Analyzing the implementation of Hindu religious learning and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic, (3) Analyzing how to evaluate Hindu religious learning and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar, the problems in this study were studied using constructivism theory and behaviorism theory. This study uses data collection techniques of observation, interviews, literature study, documentation. The data that has been collected was analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques through three stages of data reduction activities, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of research and data analysis, it shows that: (1) planning for learning Hinduism and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar through the stages of preparing the design of learning materials, preparing learning media and choosing Hindu religion and character learning methods in the time of the covid-19 pandemic. (2) the implementation of learning about Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar through preliminary activities, core activities, and closing activities. (3) evaluation of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar through assessment of student knowledge, assessment of student attitudes and assessment of student skills.
Keywords: Learning, Hindu religious education and manners, the Covid-19 pandemic
TRADISI MEMUTRU PADA UPACARA NGABEN DI DESA DARMASABA KECAMATAN ABIANSEMAL KABUPATEN BADUNG (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu)
Authors: Rai Budayasa I Made , I Nengah  Sumantra  , I Gede Garbha Putra  
Published: December 2023

Tradisi memutru adalah salah satu tradisi yang ada di Desa Adat Darmasaba yang dilaksanakan pada upacara ngaben. Adapun masalah yang akan dibahas antara lain: (1) Bagaimanakah prosesi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba?, (2) Apakah fungsi dari tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba?, (3) Bagaimanakah internalisasi nilai pendidikan agama Hindu yang terdapat dalam tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba?. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Untuk menjelaskan proses pelaksanaan tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba, (2) Untuk mendeskripsikan fungsi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben, di Desa Darmasaba (3) Untuk menganalisis internalisasi nilai pendidikan agama hindu yang terdapat dalam prosesi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di desa Darmasaba. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis masalah adalah: teori religi, teori fungsional struktural, teori behavior. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara, keputakaan dan dokumentasi. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisis data hasil yang didapat adalah (1) Prosesi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben diawali dengan menentukan dewasa ayu dan menyiapkan sarana prasarana. Selanjutnya dilaksanakan prosesi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben. (2) Fungsi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba yakni fungsi religi dalam memantapkan sradha dan bhakti, fungsi pendidikan agama Hindu, fungsi penyucian, pemuliaan, pembebasan, fungsi pelestarian budaya kearifan lokal genius Bali.(3)internalisasi nilai pendidikan agama Hindu dalam tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di desa Darmasaba yakni internalisasi nilai pendidikan yakni, Teologi Ketuhanan, etika sosial, etika cinta kasih, yadnya, estetika, nilai prema/ kebahagiaan tertinggi
Técnicas inovadoras de entrega transdérmica de fármacos na leishmaniose cutânea
Authors: Fialho Saara Neri , Branco Junior Arlindo Gonzaga , Oliveira Vitória Morais de , Gouveia Aurileya de Jesus , Martinez Leandro do Nascimento , Ferreira Amália Santos , Silva Minelly Azevedo da , Teles Carolina Bioni Garcia 
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Identificar os estudos que analisaram o uso de distintos sistemas de entrega transdérmica, tanto para novas substâncias com potencial leishmanicida, quanto para os fármacos incluídos no arsenal terapêutico para o tratamento da leishmaniose cutânea. Métodos: Para tanto, foram utilizadas as seguintes etapas: identificação do tema, formulação da pergunta norteadora, delimitação dos descritores e seleção das bases de dados, estabelecimento de critérios de exclusão e de inclusão dos trabalhos, busca da amostragem na literatura e pré-seleção dos trabalhos (leitura de resumos e títulos); leitura dos estudos selecionados e, por fim, a interpretação dos resultados. Resultados: Diante disso, foram encontrados 903 estudos, sendo 305 com os descritores “leishmaniasis” AND “drug delivery systems” e 598 com os descritores “leishmaniasis” AND “transdermal administration”. Desses, foram excluídos 820, após a leitura dos títulos e resumos e mais 67 após a leitura integral do trabalho. Após análise e leitura minuciosa foram selecionados 16 trabalhos. Considerações finais: Os estudos revisados neste artigo demonstram que os sistemas de entrega transdérmica têm se mostrado promissores e inovadores no tratamento da leishmaniose cutânea.
NILAI PERSAHABATAN DALAM FILM YOWIS BEN 2
Authors: Novansyah Rendhy , Hakim Lukman 
Published: December 2023

Sahabat merupakan teman sebaya yang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan bersama, saling mendukung dan berbagi kedekatan. Kisah-kisah persahabatan seringkali menjadi plot utama dalam alur cerita film. Film Yowis Ben yang berdurasi 1 jam 49 menit ini diangkat dari genre komedi-drama Indonesia karya Fajar Nugros dan Bayu Skak menggambarkan perjalanan sebuah band lokal yang berbasis Bahasa Jawa dalam membersarkan nama bandnya hingga ranah Nasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan para tokoh dalam film “Yowis Ben 2” tentang nilai-nilai persahabatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan semiotika Roland Barthes yang didasarkan pada penalaran melalui tanda dan makna. Tiga bagian dasar pembangkitan tanda didukung oleh model Denotasi, Konotasi, dan Mitos. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa film “Yowis Ben 2” nilai persahabatan diantaranya kepedulian, solidaritas dan kekompakan.
Kelas Ibu Hamil sebagai Media Komunikasi Tenaga Kesehatan dan Ibu Hamil
Authors: Aisyah Farah Aulia , Prastyanti Shinta , Ganjar Runtiko Agus 
Published: December 2023

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Kabupaten Banyumas tahun 2021 adalah 44 kasus kematian ibu atau sebesar 181,09 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Target AKI dalam RPJMN tahun 2019-2024 sebesar 70/100.000 kelahiran hidup. Artinya target RPJMN Kabupaten Banyumas belum tercapai. Dari data Angka Kematian Ibu di Kabupaten Banyumas, yang perlu dilaksanakan salah satunya adalah kelas ibu hamil sebagai media komunikasi antara ibu hamil dan tenaga kesehatan. Ibu hamil dapat menambah wawasan kehamilan. Dan tenaga kesehatan dapat lebih memahami kondisi kesehatan dari masing-masing ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji bagaimana kelas ibu hamil menjadi media komunikasi antara ibu hamil dan tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pemilihan informan purposive sampling. Informan dari penelitian ini berjumlah tiga orang dari tenaga kesehatan di Puskesmas Banyumas dan lima orang dari peserta kelas ibu hamil. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah Program Kelas Ibu Hamil di Desa Sudagaran. Data didapat melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kelas ibu hamil di Desa Sudagaran telah diadakan sejak tahun 2012. Sebagai media komunikasi, kelas ibu hamil di Desa Sudagaran memiliki fungsi untuk infromasi, diskusi, serta pendidikan dan pegajaran nilai kepada ibu hamil di Desa Sudagaran.