bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic Analysis of the Effect of Ibuprofen Degradation Products on
the Interaction between Ibuprofen and Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Ploch-Jankowska Anna 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most
commonly used groups of medicinal compounds in the world. The wide access to NSAIDs and the
various ways of storing them due to their easy accessibility often entail the problem with the stability and durability resulting from the exposure of drugs to external factors.
The aim of the research was to evaluate in vitro the mechanism of competition between ibuprofen
(IBU) and its degradation products, i.e., 4'-isobutylacetophenone (IBAP) and (2RS)-2-(4-
formylphenyl)propionic acid (FPPA) during transport in a complex with fatted (HSA) and defatted
(dHSA) human serum albumin.

Methods:
The research was carried out using spectroscopic techniques, such as spectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Results:
The comprehensive application of spectroscopic techniques allowed, among others, for
the determination of the binding constant, the number of classes of binding sites and the cooperativeness constant of the analyzed systems IBU-(d)HSA, IBU-(d)HSA-FPPA, IBU-(d)HSA-IBAP;
the determination of the effect of ibuprofen and its degradation products on the secondary structure of albumin; identification and assessment of interactions between ligand and albumin; assessment of the impact of the presence of fatty acids in the structure of albumin and the measurement temperature on the binding of IBU, IBAP and FPPA to (d)HSA.

Conclusion:
The conducted research allowed us to conclude that the presence of ibuprofen degradation products and the increase in their concentration significantly affect the formation of the
IBU-albumin complex and thus, the value of the association constant of the drug, changing the
concentration of its free fraction in the blood plasma. It was also found that the presence of an ibuprofen degradation product in a complex with albumin affects its secondary structure.
Timing of Surgery for Asymptomatic Primary Mitral Regurgitation:
Possible Value of Early, Serial Measurements of Left Ventricular Sphericity
Authors: Stanley Alfred , Athanasuleas Constantine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract::
Asymptomatic primary mitral regurgitation due to myxomatous degeneration of the
mitral valve leaflets may remain so for long periods, even as left ventricular function progresses
to a decompensated stage. During the early compensated stage, the ventricle’s initial response to
the volume overload is an asymmetric increase in the diastolic short axis dimension, accomplished
by a diastolic shift of the interventricular septum into the right ventricular cavity, creating
a more spherical left ventricular diastolic shape, increasing diastolic filling and stroke volume.
Early valve repair is recommended to reduce postoperative left ventricular dysfunction.
Early serial measurements of left ventricular sphericity index [LV-Si]. during the compensated
stage of mitral regurgitation might identify subtle changes in left ventricular shape and assist in
determining the optimal earliest timing for surgical intervention.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, and Interaction of Emodin Alkyl
Azoles with DNA and HSA
Authors: Zhou Yu-Hang , Wang Ying , Zhang Hui-Zhen 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to overcome the growing antibiotic resistance. Moreover,
the new series of emodin alkyl azoles were synthesized.

Method:
The novel emodin alkyl azoles were synthesized using commercial emodin and azoles by
alkylation. The NMR and HRMS spectra were employed to confirm the structures of novel prepared
compounds. The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the prepared emodin compounds
were studied by the 96-well plate method. The binding behavior between emodin 4-nitro
imidazole compound 3c and S. aureus DNA was researched using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
Furthermore, fluorescence spectrometry was used to explore the interaction with human
serum albumin (HSA).

Results:
The in vitro antimicrobial results displayed that compound 3c gave relatively strong activities
with MIC values of 4−16 μg/mL. Notably, this compound exhibited 2-fold more potent activity
against S. aureus (MIC = 4 μg/mL) and E. coli (MIC = 8 μg/mL) strains than clinical drug Chloromycin
(MIC = 8 and 16 μg/mL). The UV-vis absorption spectroscopy showed that 4-nitro imidazole
emodin 3c could form the 3c-DNA complex by intercalating into S. aureus DNA, inhibiting
antimicrobial activities. The simulation results displayed that the emodin 3c and DNA complex
were formed by hydrogen bonds. The spectral experiment demonstrated that compound 3c could be
transported by human serum albumin (HSA) via hydrogen bonds. The molecular simulation found
that the hydroxyl group and the nitroimidazole ring of the emodin compound showed an important
role in transportation behavior.

Conclusion:
This work may supply useful directions for the exploration of novel antimicrobial
agents.
Ocular Findings and Blurring of Vision Associated with COVID-19 Virus during Pandemics in Iraq
Authors: Hashim Zainab Adel , Salih Suzan Kahatan M. , Abdulla Marwan Younis 
Published: February 2024

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged with a number of ophthalmologic manifestations. The most significant ocular symptoms included conjunctival discharge, redness, tears, itching, and a feeling of a foreign body in the eye.

Aim
To review and critically appraise ophthalmologic manifestations of COVID-19 in the form of rate and severity of visual impairment following ocular and systemic COVID-19 infections.

Methods
A cross-sectional study that was carried out at the outpatients’ clinic in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital from October 2020 to October 2022 were 135 patients seeking advice regarding their ocular complaints. They are PCR and /or CT-scan approved COVID-19 infection. Comprehensive eye examination done for these patients started with visual acuity assessment by Snellen chart, then refraction followed by examination of the eye and its adnexa by slit lamp for signs of inflammation.

Results
The patients had a mean age of 47.5 years, and the rate of blurring of vision was 39.3%, whether they had ocular manifestation or not, and it showed substantial association with disease severity.

Conclusion
COVID-19 infection was associated with visual impairment, and the ophthalmologic manifestations severity was related to systemic morbidity.
Modelling Exchange with Blockchain for the Collaborative Design of a Building Envelope in BIM
Authors: Hsu Chih Lin , Wang Jui Tang , Xie Huang Jun 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
The main challenge in using building information modelling (BIM) is the centralised collaborative framework in the various design software (e.g., AutoCAD, Revit, RHINO, and ArchiCAD) used by professionals across various disciplines, which causes difficulties during data exchange.

Methods
The existing framework may increase the project lead time, require more effort, and result in design conflicts and misunderstandings. Thus, this paper has proposed a dynamic information storage with blockchain system (DISBS) using a physical curtain wall project for practical implementation. In addition, this paper has further discussed the linkages and verified and analysed the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

Results
Through the DISBS proposed in this research, the characteristics and achievable functions of blockchain technology are presented. Various applications for the field of construction engineering are highly developable within this research.

Conclusion
The DISBS can improve not only the management quality of construction projects, but also promote mutual trust in the construction industry and optimize architecture, engineering, and construction (AECO) productivity.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width as a Diagnostic Marker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic Patients
Authors: Hawash Nehad , Gameaa Reham , Elwy Doaa , Mansour Shimaa 
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim
Although α-fetoprotein (AFP) is the main marker used for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), its sensitivity and specificity as a screening tool have been questionable. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been involved as a prognostic tool for many diseases and cancers including liver diseases. Still, its role in the diagnosis of HCC needs to be identified. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical importance of RDW as a novel marker in the diagnosis of HCC in Egyptian cirrhotic patients.

Patients and Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out on 162 cirrhotic patients who attended Tropical medicine department clinics and inpatient wards at the Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University. Then they were divided into 2 groups of 81 patients each depending on their diagnosis with or without HCC (group I and group II respectively). Complete blood picture (CBC) that included red cell distribution width- coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) and AFP were obtained from all patients.

Results
There was a statistically significant elevation in RDW-CV in the HCC group as its mean± SD was 15.2.± 1.86 in HCC group versus 13.8 ± 1.99 in non HCC group (P<0.001). In addition, AFP was significantly elevated in group I than in group II (P<0.001). RDW-CV at a cut–off >14% had a 66.76%sensitivity and 61.73%specificity while AFP at a cut-off value>20 ng/ml had a 60.49%sensitivity and 79.01%specificity in the diagnosis of HCC. The combination of RDW-CV and AFP increased the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of HCC(72.84% and 87.65% respectively) than each marker alone.

Conclusions
RDW may be considered a novel and cheap biomarker for the diagnosis of HCC either alone or in combination with AFP as it is readily available in CBC and does not need sophisticated techniques.
Phytochemical and Bioactive Profile of Medicinal Plants Used Traditionally
in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Ibragic Saida , Mesinovic Aisa , Arnaut Selma , Delic Emina , Besta-Gajevic Renata , Dahija Sabina , Dizdar Muamer , Karalija Erna 
Published: February 2024

Introduction::
This paper aimed to characterize the phytochemical profile and bioactivities
of 22 plant species used in the traditional medicine of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The utilization of
plants in traditional medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina holds significant importance, not only as a
reflection of cultural heritage but also as a sustainable and time-tested approach to healthcare, fostering
a harmonious connection between nature and well-being.

Method::
The comprehensive analyses encompassed the determination of total phenolic and flavonoid
content, alongside assessing antioxidant activity using DPPH and FRAP assays. Additionally,
antimicrobial activity was tested against S. aureus. ssp. aureus, MRSA, P. aeruginosa, S. abony and
C. albicans. Many of the analyzed plant extracts showed a high phenolic content (C. avellana, V.
myrtillus) and antioxidant activity (C. avellana, V. myrtillus, B. pendula, S. officinale, E. angustifolium,
J. globifera ssp. hirta).

Result::
The majority of extracts showed good antimicrobial activity for S. aureus ssp. aureus and
MRSA. The E. angustifolium extract was effective against all tested bacterial strains, with MIC values
ranging from 1.25-10 mg/mL. The research identified significant levels of secondary metabolites
and identified plant species with potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.

Conclusion::
The study also revealed significant correlations among various phytochemical parameters
and bioactivities.
Dietary Intake Assessment Using a Novel, Generic Meal–Based Recall and a 24-Hour Recall: Comparison Study
Authors: O'Hara Cathal , Gibney Eileen R 
Published: February 2024

Background
Dietary intake assessment is an integral part of addressing suboptimal dietary intakes. Existing food-based methods are time-consuming and burdensome for users to report the individual foods consumed at each meal. However, ease of use is the most important feature for individuals choosing a nutrition or diet app. Intakes of whole meals can be reported in a manner that is less burdensome than reporting individual foods. No study has developed a method of dietary intake assessment where individuals report their dietary intakes as whole meals rather than individual foods.

Objective
This study aims to develop a novel, meal-based method of dietary intake assessment and test its ability to estimate nutrient intakes compared with that of a web-based, 24-hour recall (24HR).

Methods
Participants completed a web-based, generic meal–based recall. This involved, for each meal type (breakfast, light meal, main meal, snack, and beverage), choosing from a selection of meal images those that most represented their intakes during the previous day. Meal images were based on generic meals from a previous study that were representative of the actual meal intakes in Ireland. Participants also completed a web-based 24HR. Both methods were completed on the same day, 3 hours apart. In a crossover design, participants were randomized in terms of which method they completed first. Then, 2 weeks after the first dietary assessments, participants repeated the process in the reverse order. Estimates of mean daily nutrient intakes and the categorization of individuals according to nutrient-based guidelines (eg, low, adequate, and high) were compared between the 2 methods. P values of less than .05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
In total, 161 participants completed the study. For the 23 nutrient variables compared, the median percentage difference between the 2 methods was 7.6% (IQR 2.6%-13.2%), with P values ranging from <.001 to .97, and out of 23 variables, effect sizes for the differences were small for 19 (83%) variables, moderate for 2 (9%) variables, and large for 2 (9%) variables. Correlation coefficients were statistically significant (P<.05) for 18 (78%) of the 23 variables. Statistically significant correlations ranged from 0.16 to 0.45, with median correlation of 0.32 (IQR 0.25-0.40). When participants were classified according to nutrient-based guidelines, the proportion of individuals who were classified into the same category ranged from 52.8% (85/161) to 84.5% (136/161).

Conclusions
A generic meal–based method of dietary intake assessment provides estimates of nutrient intake comparable with those provided by a web-based 24HR but with varying levels of agreement among nutrients. Further studies are required to refine and improve the generic recall across a range of nutrients. Future studies will consider user experience including the potential feasibility of incorporating image recognition of whole meals into the generic recall.
An Entity Extraction Pipeline for Medical Text Records Using Large Language Models: Analytical Study
Authors: Wang Lei , Ma Yinyao , Bi Wenshuai , Lv Hanlin , Li Yuxiang 
Published: February 2024

Background
The study of disease progression relies on clinical data, including text data, and extracting valuable features from text data has been a research hot spot. With the rise of large language models (LLMs), semantic-based extraction pipelines are gaining acceptance in clinical research. However, the security and feature hallucination issues of LLMs require further attention.

Objective
This study aimed to introduce a novel modular LLM pipeline, which could semantically extract features from textual patient admission records.

Methods
The pipeline was designed to process a systematic succession of concept extraction, aggregation, question generation, corpus extraction, and question-and-answer scale extraction, which was tested via 2 low-parameter LLMs: Qwen-14B-Chat (QWEN) and Baichuan2-13B-Chat (BAICHUAN). A data set of 25,709 pregnancy cases from the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, was used for evaluation with the help of a local expert’s annotation. The pipeline was evaluated with the metrics of accuracy and precision, null ratio, and time consumption. Additionally, we evaluated its performance via a quantified version of Qwen-14B-Chat on a consumer-grade GPU.

Results
The pipeline demonstrates a high level of precision in feature extraction, as evidenced by the accuracy and precision results of Qwen-14B-Chat (95.52% and 92.93%, respectively) and Baichuan2-13B-Chat (95.86% and 90.08%, respectively). Furthermore, the pipeline exhibited low null ratios and variable time consumption. The INT4-quantified version of QWEN delivered an enhanced performance with 97.28% accuracy and a 0% null ratio.

Conclusions
The pipeline exhibited consistent performance across different LLMs and efficiently extracted clinical features from textual data. It also showed reliable performance on consumer-grade hardware. This approach offers a viable and effective solution for mining clinical research data from textual records.
Modern diagnostic approaches to osteoarticular manifestations in Navy diving personnel: retrospective study
Authors: Krukov Evgeniy V. , Kireeva Elena B. , Chumakov Aleksandr V. , Cherkashin Dmitry V. , Yazenok Arkadiy V. , Makiev Ruslan G. , Agafonov Pavel V. 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE. Study the features of the pathogenesis and clinical picture of musculoskeletal disorders in different categories of the Navy military personnel and pensioners of the Defense Ministry (DM) based on a set of clinical, instrumental, laboratory and genetic examination methods.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. There was screening and study of medical records of 98 Navy military personnel and pensioners of DM in the following groups: I — the Navy military personnel with no hyperbaric exposure in the anamnesis, II — military personnel, belonging to deep water divers with moderate experience (total work experience in hyperbaric conditions: 20–500 hours), III — military personnel, belonging to deep water divers with considerable experience (total work experience in hyperbaric conditions: 700–2500 hours), IV — pensioners of DM, whose professional activities were related to operations on extreme depth (aquanauts), V — pensioners of DM with no hyperbaric exposure in the anamnesis. There was a detailed laboratory and instrumental examination of bone metabolism, including digital radiography, osteodensitometry, MRI, CT and genetic testing.
RESULTS. The Navy diving personnel experience significant osteoarticular manifestations by type of dysbaric osteonecrosis, most pronounced in pensioners of DM – aquanauts.
DISCUSSION. Digital radiography and MRI are found to be an optimal diagnostic method of dysbaric osteonecrosis and “dysbarogenic osteoarthropathy”. As a method of express diagnostics, it is advisable to use innovative urine test strips to determine threshold concentrations of β-crosslaps and α-crosslaps markers of bone resorption.
Smart Vehicle Driving Behavior Analysis Based on 5G, IoT and Edge Computing Technologies
Authors: Jin Haoxuan , Zhang Hongkuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the development of science and technology, the realization of intelligent vehicle autonomous driving has become a popular research. In order to realize the optimal autonomous driving behavior, this paper proposes a vehicle-splittable task offloading algorithm for edge offloading in the IoT environment based on the study of edge computing technology and the integration of 5G communication. On this basis, a task offloading model is built by combining Markov decision learning algorithm in order to improve the ability of real-time computation of intelligent vehicles in real driving environment and, at the same time, to realize the recording of dynamic driving behavior of the vehicle and the prediction of intelligent and safe paths in the dynamic IoV environment. Simulation experiments verify the performance of the VPEO algorithm. When there are varying numbers of vehicles and tasks, the VPEO algorithm performs better according to the experimental results. After 750 iterations, the VPEO algorithm achieves a 94% success rate when calculating tasks and stabilizes. In the intelligent warning experiments, the VPEO algorithm measured the average accuracy of lane offset distance, the average judgment correctness of vehicle class, and vulnerable traffic participant in relation to the position of the lane line were 84.66%, 92.26% and 94.69%, respectively. The VPEO algorithm can perform real-time calculations of intelligent driving information, and warnings about intelligent driving safety can be provided.
Research on a parametric model-based algorithm for sports intensity assessment
Authors: Fang Yongliang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, people’s demand for healthy exercise is growing rapidly, appropriate exercise can effectively improve physical function, and good exercise effect cannot be separated from the assessment of exercise intensity. In this paper, through the construction of a knowledge graph and parameterized inference model, the elastic network algorithm is introduced to assess the exercise intensity, and the three indexes of myocardial force, heart rate and blood supply are chosen as references through the test experiments to compare the exercise intensity level and the prediction results of the parameter model, to validate the validity and accuracy of parameter model assessment method, and then to compare the assessment effect of BP neural network and the parameter model of the present paper on the exercise prescription. Finally, it was concluded that the critical values of exercise intensity classifications obtained from the experimental tests of the three indexes of myocardial force, heart rate and cardiac blood supply were 4.002, 25.742 and −0.301, respectively, and the assessment results obtained from the parametric model were 3.722, 23.793 and −0.276, which were close to each other. A comparison of different levels of exercise intensity testing and assessment results can be obtained. The accuracy of the three test groups is 96%, 93% and 89%, indicating that the accuracy of the parametric model assessment is higher. The best values of the BP neural network and the parametric model in the paper in terms of the accuracy of the assessment of exercise prescription are 95% and 96%, respectively, in terms of the combined parametric model convergence better error loss.
Artificial Intelligence and Digital Museum VR Environment Design Based on Embedded Image Processing
Authors: Luo Jing , Aumeboonsuke Vesarach , He Zenghua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
As a carrier of human cultural heritage, it is of great practical significance to apply VR technology to the construction of modern digital museums. This paper combines artificial intelligence and SNN algorithms for image segmentation and proposes the overall framework of ‘embedded image acquisition and SNN segmentation processing’. This system is utilized to improve the picture clarity and delay efficiency of VR technology and reduce the vertigo feeling of the user experience. The VR environment of the digital museum is designed according to the user’s intentions. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed museum VR environment is verified by evaluating the comfort, interaction, and emotional experience of the VR museum. The experimental results show that in terms of comfort experience, the SSQ scale score of the VR museum experience based on the embedded image processing is 7.1, which is nearly double the score of the original VR museum experience. In terms of interaction and emotional experience, the overall satisfaction score of the VR environment design of the M museum was 9.4. The two aspects of emotional experience and cultural communication effects were evaluated as 4.27 and 4.05, respectively. It indicates that the user satisfaction of the VR environment design of the AI and digital museum based on the embedded image processing is high, and that this VR environment design can effectively improve the communication of the museum.