bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the Ballast bed shape using Camcorder video
Authors: Maeda Riho , Nagamine Nozomi , Tsubokawa Yosuke , Goda Wataru 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo properly maintain and manage track surfaces, the amount of collapsed settlement of a ballast bed must be determined. However, high maintenance costs make it difficult for railway operators to fully maintain and manage track surfaces. Therefore, we propose a method of estimating the shape of the ballast bed using Dense Inverse Search (DIS) optical flow in images captured using a camcorder, which is inexpensive. This paper describes the outline of the method, an evaluation of its accuracy through simulation and model experiments, and the results of applying the method to actual images captured.
Pomegranate peel polyphenols as an antioxidant additive for the development and characterization of a new active pectin edible film
Authors: Diaz‐Herrera Rene , Alvarez‐Pérez Olga B. , Ventura‐Sobrevilla Janeth , Ascacio‐Valdés Alberto , Aguilar‐Gonzalez Miguel A. , Buenrostro‐Figueroa Juan , Aguilar Cristobal N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNatural origin products are an appealing substitute for nonbiodegradable materials in the production of new materials to improve the packaging properties and to extend the shelf life quality of foods. The objective of this study was to formulate, elaborate, select, partially characterize, and evaluate the biological properties of an edible film based on pectin, candelilla wax, and glycerol, added with pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPP). An exploratory design 2k Box Hunter and Hunter was made, followed by a Box‐Behnken design 3k to evaluate the properties of water vapor permeability (WVP) of the film, resulting in the film with 0.75% w/v of pectin, 0.2% w/v of candelilla wax, 0.05% v/v of glycerol and 0.02% w/v of PPP with one of the lowest values of WVP (1.78E−10 g/m.s.Pa). After characterization, this treatment showed good structural and optical properties and low humidity values compared to a control film. PPP showed the inhibitory capacity for DPPH (61.2%) and ABTS (48.5%) radicals and reducing activity with the reduction of ferric ion (FRAP) reaching a value of 1676.5 mg TE/g PPP.
Enzyme‐Triggered Reactions for the Synthesis of Organic Molecules
Authors: Martin Aoife , Solanki Ishita , Haarr Marianne Bore , O'Reilly Elaine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe application of enzymes for the synthesis of valuable bioactive molecules, synthetic building blocks, fine chemicals and natural products is now well‐established. Biocatalysis has been embraced by industry for the preparation of both bulk chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients, where high activity and selectivity can be achieved with low environmental impact. In most cases, biocatalytic transformations involve functional group interconversions, such as redox and amination reactions, but do not lead to significant complexity generation in the molecule. This review explores the less prevalent enzyme‐triggered reactions, where the enzymatic transformation triggers a subsequent spontaneous reaction inter/intramolecularly. The examples highlighted in this review showcase the synthetic power of designing smart substrates for enzyme‐triggered reactions and their application for the preparation of structurally complex three‐dimensional small molecules.
Toxicity of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in the Liver and Intestine of Normal and High-Fat-Diet Juvenile Zebrafish
Authors: Du Juan , Hu Yanqiu , Li Zhi , Zhou Jingyi , Xiang Feiyan , Zheng Hao , Xiao Han 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are widely found and threaten environmental and biological safety, because they do not degrade completely. We aimed to preliminarily explore the toxicity of NPs in obese children, because childhood obesity is a growing global health concern. We used zebrafish as a vertebrate toxicological model to examine the hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in juvenile zebrafish exposed to 1000 μg/L polystyrene NPs and a high-fat diet (HFD) using Raman spectroscopy, pathological examination, transcriptome analysis, and 16S sequencing techniques. Our study showed that polystyrene NPs perturb the lipid metabolism and gut microbiota stability in zebrafish. Furthermore, the combined effects of polystyrene NPs and HFD resulted in gastrointestinal injury. Our study is one of the first to investigate the toxicity of polystyrene NPs to normal-diet and HFD juvenile zebrafish using confocal Raman spectroscopy. Our results show the importance of a healthy diet and a reduction in the use of plasticware. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:147–158. © 2023 SETAC
Maternal distress and body mass index in preschoolers living in families experiencing low‐income
Authors: Martoccio Tiffany L. , Brophy‐Herb Holly E. , Choi Hailey H. , Stinson Kayla , Perkins Haiden A. , Mitchell Koi , Lumeng Julie C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHealth disparities among children living in poverty underscore the importance of identifying risk and protective factors for childhood obesity. By applying a family stress framework with an equity lens, this study aimed to test the differential associations between maternal distress and child body mass index (BMI) in preschool‐age children living in low‐income families. Pre‐intervention data from an obesity prevention randomized controlled trial were used to assess mother‐reported parental distress and anthropometry collected from children and mothers in a diverse sample of 450 families enrolled in Head Start. Analyses examined associations between maternal distress and child BMI z‐score (BMIz) and moderation by child sex. The sample of children was 49% female, 42% White, 25% Black, 11% Hispanic and 33% had overweight status or obesity. Results indicated higher BMIz for girls compared to boys (β = 0.10, p = 0.03). Child sex modified the association between maternal distress and child BMIz (β = 0.12, p = 0.01). Greater maternal distress was associated with higher BMIz among girls but not boys. Among preschoolers, the maternal distress–BMIz association differed by child sex. Understanding individual differences in how maternal distress relates to childhood obesity may have important implications for obesity prevention efforts.
Intravenous fluid rate of 250 mL/h versus 125 mL/h in nulliparous women: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Kamran Ateeba , Fakih Nour , Afyouni Ahmad , Naguib Mostafa Mahmoud , Saleh Ahmad Omar , Abdullah Lava , Arshad Sheraz , Mouffokes Adel , Abuelazm Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence regarding the type and rate of intravenous (IV) fluid administration during labor is still inconclusive and the studies assessing the impact of IV fluids had mixed results.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of IV fluids at an infusion rate of 250 mL/h as compared with 125 mL/h on labor outcomes in nulliparous women.Search StrategyWe searched six databases for relevant studies through a search strategy containing the relevant keywords “IV hydration”, “IV fluids”, and “labor” from the inception of these databases to May 1, 2023, without any applied restrictions.Selection CriteriaSearch results were imported to Covidence for screening of eligible articles for this review. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of IV fluids at 250 mL/h on the outcomes of labor in nulliparous women at term (>37 weeks) as compared with 125 mL/h were included only.Data Collection and AnalysisData regarding the characteristics of included studies, participant's baseline characteristics, and concerned outcomes were collected in an Excel spreadsheet and all the concerned outcomes were pooled as risk ratios (RR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in the meta‐analysis models using RevMan 5.4.Main resultsPooled data from 11 RCTs with 1815 patients showed that 250 mL/h infusion rate had a significant reduction in cesarean section rate (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56–0.88, P = 0.002), the first stage of labor duration (MD –46.97, 95% CI –81.79 to −12.14, P = 0.008), the second stage of labor duration (MD –2.69, 95% CI –4.34 to −1.05, P = 0.001), prolonged labor incidence (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58–0.89, P = 0.003), as compared with 125 mL/h. Also, the vaginal delivery rate (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.12, P = 0.009) was higher with a 250 mL/h infusion rate.ConclusionIV fluids at an infusion rate of 250 mL/h during labor in nulliparous women decreased the cesarean delivery rate, increased the vaginal delivery rate, shortened the first and second‐stage labor duration, decreased the incidence of prolonged labor as compared with 125 mL/h. These findings suggest enhanced labor progression and a lower risk of labor complications with higher infusion rates. However, future research involving a more diverse population and exploring the potential benefits of combining IV infusion rates with other interventions, such as adding dextrose or less restrictive oral intake during labor, is needed.
Integrated information management of supply chain in logistics parks based on the IoT
Authors: Ma Xuejun , Zhang Jinzhen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLogistics park is a strategic choice for the growth of logistics industry, and it needs to build a public platform for supply chain management (SCM) suitable for logistics parks. To solve the problems of poor adaptability, high investment risk, and incomplete functionality of the supply chain integrated information management (IM) platform in logistics parks, it is necessary to use Internet of Things (IoT) technology to improve the supply chain integrated IM platform, improve the timely interaction of logistics information and reduce logistics costs. This article analyzed the factors that affect the integrated management of logistics park supply chain, analyzed the architecture of logistics park supply chain, integrated IM under the IoT, and implemented the platform architecture using relevant technologies. In the experiment, the resource allocation, resource scheduling, and resource monitoring effects of the supply chain integrated IM platform were analyzed. The results showed that the supply chain IM platform of logistics parks under the IoT has improved infrastructure by 0.14 compared to traditional platform, resource allocation by 0.16, logistics service level by 0.14, and industrial layout by 0.14. The IoT can effectively enhance the resource allocation and industrial layout rationality of logistics parks and has important significance in improving logistics information security and information exchange.
Applications of nanomaterials in anti‐VEGF treatment for ophthalmic diseases
Authors: Teng Lu , Sun Yabin , Teng Siying , Hui Peng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAngiogenesis has been determined to be essential in the occurrence and metastasis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), tumor, etc. However, the clinical use of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) drugs is currently limited due to its high cost, potential side effects, and need for repeated injections. In recent years, nanotechnology has shown promising results in inhibiting neovascularization and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inflammatory factors. Some nanomaterials can also act as vehicles for drug delivery, such as lipid nanoparticles and PLGA. The process of angiogenesis and its molecular mechanism are discussed in this article. At the same time, this study aims to systematically review the research progress of nanotechnology and offer more treatment options for neovascularization‐related diseases in clinical ophthalmology.
Really a “secondary gill under the skin”? Unveiling “dorsal vessels” in freshwater slugs (Mollusca, Panpulmonata, Acochlidimorpha)
Authors: Neusser Timea P. , Brenzinger Bastian , Schrödl Michael , Jörger Katharina M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe freshwater slugs of the genus Acochlidium (Heterobranchia, Gastropoda, and Acochlidimorpha) are peculiar, one to two centimeter sized animals found only in small coastal rivers and streams of Southeast Asian and Western Pacific islands. When first described by Bücking, the author observed a branching “net of dendritic vessels connected to the heart,” which he assumed to have replaced the original gastropod gill. In the present study, we compare the renopericardial systems of four Acochlidium species in microanatomical, histological and ultrastructural detail and identify where exactly the enigmatic, subepidermal “dorsal vessels” connect to the renopericardial system to examine if they can really function as a gill. Acochlidium have elaborate renopericardial systems compared to their ancestrally marine and also freshwater relatives. The primary site of ultrafiltration is the epicardium of the atrium with podocytes as usual for gastropods. The “dorsal vessels” in Acochlidium are extensions of the outer epithelium of the pericardial cavity and represent true vessels, that is, coelomatic channels, having an endothelium with podocytes. Hence, they considerably enlarge the site of ultrafiltration increasing the pericardial surface. “Dorsal vessels” in Acochlidium are therefore not homologous to externally similar morphological structures in Sacoglossa (marine panpulmonate slugs and snails). The multiplication of renopericardioducts in Acochlidium is a unique feature within Mollusca that enhances the negative pressure necessary for ultrafiltration in the thin, tube‐like dorsal vessels and as a consequence the transport of primary urine from the pericardium to the kidney. The circulatory and excretory systems in Acochlidium are adaptations to a lifestyle in their freshwater environment in which snail bodies are hyposmotic and accrue considerable influx of surplus water into the body, which needs to be expelled.
Non‐destructive prediction of TVB‐N using color‐texture features of UV‐induced fluorescence image for freeze–thaw treated frozen‐whole‐round tilapia
Authors: Wang Huihui , Du Zhonglin , Li Yule , Zeng Fanyi , Qiu Xinjing , Li Gaobin , Li Chunpeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe investigation of UV‐induced fluorescence imaging coupled with machine learning was conducted to non‐destructively detect the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N) of frozen‐whole‐round tilapia (FWRT) during freezing and thawing. The UV‐induced fluorescence images of FWRT at the wavelength of 365 nm were acquired by self‐developed fluorescence image acquisition system. In total, 169 color and texture features based on RGB, hue‐saturation‐intensity and L*a*b* color spaces and gray level co‐occurrence matrix were extracted, respectively. Successive projections algorithm (SPA) was employed to select the optimal 16 features to achieve feature dimension reduction modeling. With full and extracted features as input, the models of partial least squares regression (PLSR), least‐squares support vector machine (LSSVM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) were established for TVB‐N prediction.RESULTSResults indicated that the full features‐based CNN performed better than SPA based prediction models (SPA‐PLSR and SPA‐LSSVM). The CNN model was determined to be the optimal with an RP2 value of 0.9779, RMSEP value of 1.1502 × 10−2 g N kg−1 and RPD value of 6.721 for TVB‐N content predictiin.CONCLUSIONThe CNN method based on UV fluorescence imaging technology has potential for quality and safety detection of FWRT. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
From burden to relief: The economic and quality‐of‐life advantages of pseudo continent perineal colostomy in ultra‐low rectal cancer patients
Authors: Lahnaoui Oumayma , Essangri Hajar , El bahaoui Nezha , Majbar Mohammed Anass , Benkabbou Amine , Mohsine Raouf , Souadka Amine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePseudo Continent Perineal Colostomy (PCPC) is an alternative technique to left iliac colostomy (LIC) after abdominoperineal resection for ultra low rectal cancer (ULRC). It allows placing the stoma in the perineum to preserve patients' body image. However, concerns about its impact on quality of life and management costs have limited its adoption. We aimed to compare the early outcomes and financial burden of PCPC and LIC in ULRC patients in Morocco, a low‐middle‐income country.MethodsFrom January 2018 to December 2019, all patients who underwent abdomino‐perineal resection (APR) with LIC or PCPC were prospectively enrolled. For each patient, baseline characteristics, and in hospital and 90 days morbidity with a focus on perineal complications were reported. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed using the validated EORTC‐C30 and CR29 questionnaires. Financial burden to patients was reported using declarative out‐of‐pocket costs (OOPC) analysis.ResultsAmong 49 patients who underwent APR, 33 received PCPC and 16 received definitive LIC. Similar rates of early perineal complications were observed between the two groups (p = 0.49). Readmission rate at POD90 was higher in the LIC‐group due to perineal sepsis (p = 0.09). QOL analysis at 6 months revealed that patients with PCPC had a higher global health status (p = 0.006), a better physical functioning and reported fewer symptoms of flatulence and fecal incontinence (p = 0.001). Patients with a LIC reported more financial difficulties with higher median OOPC of stoma management up to €23 versus €0 per month for PCPC (p = 0.0024). PCPC was the only predictive factor of improved patient reported outcomes.ConclusionsPCPC is a cost‐effective alternative to the standard definitive colostomy without alteration of the QOL or additional perineal complications during the first 6 months following the surgery. These findings may help convince surgeons to offer this option to patients refusing definitive LIC.
Predicting optimal treatment outcomes in phase‐based treatment and direct trauma‐focused treatment among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder stemming from childhood abuse
Authors: Bremer Susanne , van Vliet Noortje I. , Van Bronswijk Suzanne , Huntjens Rafaele , de Jongh Ad , van Dijk Maarten K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResearch over the last few decades has demonstrated the effectiveness of various treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the question of which treatment works best remains, especially for patients with PTSD stemming from childhood abuse. Using the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI), we explored which patients benefit more from phase‐based treatment and which benefit more from direct trauma‐focused treatment. Data were obtained from a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing a phase‐based treatment condition (i.e., eye‐movement desensitization and reprocessing [EMDR] therapy preceded by Skills Training in Affect and Interpersonal Regulation [STAIR]; n = 57) and a direct trauma‐focused treatment (EMDR only; n = 64) among individuals with PTSD related to childhood abuse. Machine learning techniques were used to examine all pretreatment variables included in the trial as potential predictors and moderators, with selected variables combined to build the PAI model. The utility of the PAI was tested by comparing actual posttreatment outcomes of individuals who received PAI‐indicated treatment with those allocated to a non–PAI‐indicated treatment. Although eight pretreatment variables between PTSD treatment outcome and treatment condition were selected as moderators, there was no significant difference between participants assigned to their PAI‐indicated treatment and those randomized to a non–PAI‐indicated treatment, d = 0.25, p = .213. Hence, the results of this study do not support the need for personalized medicine for patients with PTSD and a history of childhood abuse. Further research with larger sample sizes and external validation is warranted.
Response of grassland birds to management in national battlefield parks
Authors: Massa Megan , Matthews Elizabeth R. , Shriver W. Gregory , Cohen Emily B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGrassland birds are in steep decline, with population declines reported in 74% of North American grassland species in the past 50 years. Declines are particularly severe in the eastern United States where they are influenced by habitat loss and alteration due to urbanization, forest regrowth, and agricultural intensification. The United States National Park Service maintains civil war battlefields in the eastern United States as historical and cultural parks that may also provide habitat refuge for grassland birds within an increasingly urbanized matrix. To assess the conservation importance of battlefield parks and the role of park management in sustaining grassland birds, we surveyed for 2 declining grassland‐breeding species, eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna) and grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum), at 242 points across 4 battlefield parks in Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, USA, from 2014–2019 and in 2021. We modeled the effects of park management activities (prescribed fire, agricultural leases, and delayed harvest) and habitat and landscape characteristics on breeding‐season occupancy. There was support for the influence of local habitat features, landscape, and management. Breeding‐season occupancy of both species was consistently higher in hayfields and pasture than in row crops, and both species responded positively to hay and crop harvest delays intended for grassland bird conservation. Prescribed fire within the past 2 years had a positive effect on occupancy of grasshopper sparrows but did not influence eastern meadowlarks. Eastern meadowlarks responded to land cover at multiple spatial scales that are influenced by land use within and outside the parks. Management activities that maintain the parks' cultural goals, including partnerships between national parks and private agricultural operators, are likely to provide valuable habitat for these 2 obligate grassland birds.
Coexistence of Chiral and Antichiral Edge States in Photonic Crystals
Authors: Wang Hongfei , Xie Biye , Ren Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study reports a modified Haldane model that supports transitions between valley and Chern topological phases in photonic crystals. Berry curvatures of this system can be flexibly diffused, converged, or flipped by endowing different model parameters, thus exhibiting exotic topological interface/edge behaviors, such as topological bound states with ideally zero dispersion. Importantly, the coexistence of chiral and antichiral edge states preserved simultaneously by valley and Chern topological phases is achieved by splicing together two kinds of topological structures as an entirety. It further employs a honeycomb lattice comprising gyromagnetic and ceramic cylinders at microwave frequencies, where inversion and time‐reversal symmetries can be flexibly manipulated. Topological interface transport is demonstrated, including two opposite signs of group velocities jointly protected by topologically distinct regimes. These results bridge the gap between valley and Chern topological physics and shed light on developing reconfigurable integrated device applications for classical (quantum) information processing and photonic computing.