bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Low‐Velocity Impact Damage on Residual Strength and Fatigue Behavior of GFRP Composites
Authors: Karthick P. , Radhakrishnan P. M. , Ramajeyathilagam K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPredicting the residual strength of structures subjected to low‐velocity impact is one of the most difficult problems. Therefore, the residual static strength of the damaged specimens with 5‐ and 10‐J impact energy was assessed by corresponding tension, compression, in‐plane shear, bending tests, and residual fatigue life using tension–tension fatigue test for three stress levels at a stress ratio of 0.1. The reduction in strength is more for 10‐J impact and found to be more than 50% for tensile and compressive, 40% for bending, and around 27% for shear loading compared to unimpacted specimens. Deterioration of fatigue stiffness, progression of cyclic creep strain, and fluctuations in hysteresis loop under cyclic loading have been reported. Furthermore, the fatigue life of impacted specimens has been predicted using analytical models, demonstrating strong concordance with the experimental stress‐life curve. Moreover, the design fatigue life at varying reliability levels has been estimated by a statistical method.
Strengthening Primary Health Care for Epidemic and Pandemic Response: A Scoping Review
Authors: Homayounifar Fatemeh , Abdollahi Zidane , Davar Ghazal , Ostovar Tahereh , Delavari Sajad , Ahmadi Marzaleh Milad , Khosravi Mohsen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsEpidemics strain healthcare systems and reduce care quality, making primary healthcare a crucial frontline component in combating pandemics. The aim of this paper was to explore the experiences of countries in strengthening primary health care to address epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases.DesignIt was a scoping review conducted in 2024. The research was qualitative in nature.MethodsMultiple databases were searched including PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest. Upon screening the references, the Boyatzis approach to thematic analysis was utilised to analyse and categorise the acquired data based on the fundamental building blocks of healthcare systems as presented by the World Health Organisation (WHO).ResultsSixty‐seven studies were included in the study, reporting widespread strategies and interventions implemented in primary healthcare systems around the globe. The majority of these strategies and interventions were within the context of service delivery, leadership/governance, and health workforce.ConclusionThe strategies and interventions implemented by primary healthcare systems worldwide during the pandemic crisis are extensive and varied. Further research is required to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential impacts of such interventions.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThere are numerous strategies and interventions reported in the literature for epidemic and pandemic response, which healthcare policymakers and managers can utilise to improve patient care during times of crisis.ImpactThe study examined challenges in primary healthcare during crises, such as pandemics. It identified various strategies and interventions aimed at addressing these challenges, primarily in service delivery, leadership/governance, and health workforce management. Healthcare policymakers and managers can leverage these findings to enhance patient care during crises.Reporting MethodPRISMA 2020 guideline for review studies.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Nurses' Clinical Decision‐Making About Pressure Injury Prevention in Hospital Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Cordina Joanne , Rolls Kaye , Sim Jenny 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo systematically explore research on nurses' clinical decision‐making and factors influencing pressure injury prevention in hospitalised patients.DesignScoping review.Data SourcesMedline full text, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus with full text, and Scopus.MethodsArksey and O'Malley's five‐step framework guided this scoping review. Studies published prior to 11 July 2024 were included.ResultsThirty‐eight studies were included. The factors influencing nurses' decision‐making in pressure injury prevention included: ‘support systems’, ‘knowledge and attitudes’, ‘barriers to implementing prevention practices’ and ‘risk assessment tools and clinical judgement’. Limited research was conducted on nurses' clinical decision‐making about implementation of pressure injury prevention interventions.ConclusionMore research on nurses' clinical decision‐making related to pressure injury prevention is needed to enhance education, support effective care and reduce the incidence of pressure injuries.ImpactNurses recognise the importance of preventing pressure injuries, however implementation of pressure injury prevention interventions are inconsistent, and pressure injuries remain common in hospitals. Limited research exists on the processes nurses use to make clinical decisions about pressure injury prevention for hospitalised adults at risk of pressure injury.Reporting MethodThis scoping review adhered to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) checklist.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Exploring the Intersection of Gender Diversity and Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review With a Focus on Clinical Care
Authors: Sternberg Kady F. , Cloutier Joanna G. , Ahlers Kaitlyn , Moore Christina , Koth Kathleen A. , Soda Takahiro , Malhi Narpinder Kaur , Verma Shikha , Yeh Lisa C. , McLaren Jennifer L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLittle research has been conducted solely exploring gender diversity in people with intellectual disabilities. This review explores the literature, discusses the prevalence, and identifies clinical best practices for people at the intersection of gender diversity and intellectual disability.MethodA scoping review was conducted utilising PRISMA methodology of the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), Cochrane Library (Wiley), Dissertations & Theses Global (ProQuest), PsycInfo (EBSCO), Scopus and Web of Science.ResultsFive hundred seventy five titles and abstracts were screened, 61 full‐text articles were reviewed and 17 met inclusion criteria. Four major themes were identified: prevalence, trauma and co‐occurring mental health disorders, barriers to care and best practices.ConclusionThis review highlights the lack of research and provides valuable insight into the experiences of people with gender diversity and intellectual disability. Further research is needed to understand the prevalence and explore the intersection and experience of gender‐diverse people with intellectual disabilities.
Urban Flood Exposure and Vulnerability: Insights From Pendik District of Istanbul
Authors: Pala Ozge Naz , Daloglu Cetinkaya Irem , Yazar Mahir 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCities striving to adapt to the impacts of climate change must recognize the significant variability in flood vulnerability across different communities. By examining the interplay between physical and socio‐demographic factors, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the multidimensional aspects of flood exposure and vulnerability in Istanbul's Pendik District. The Pendik District, situated within the Istanbul Metropolitan Area, was chosen for this study as it regularly faces floods exacerbated by climate change. Utilizing a mixed‐methodology approach, ranging from the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to surveys and census data, we find that areas classified as flood‐prone have residential units with lower land market values. Additionally, these high flood‐prone areas within the district tend to be populated by elderly individuals, refugees, and citizens with low education levels. In sum, this study reveals that there is a sharp correlation between socio‐economically disadvantaged communities and their exposure and vulnerability to urban flooding in Pendik District. As long as the current urban design and building stock fail to address the high level of flood exposure among the most disadvantaged urban communities, there is a critical need for inclusive urban planning and disaster management strategies.
Life history data derived from the dental histological analysis of Giraffa camelopardalis: Implications for the palaeohistology of extinct giraffids
Authors: Nacarino‐Meneses Carmen , Jannello Juan Marcos , Chinsamy Anusuya 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe analysis of incremental marks in the enamel, dentine and cementum of extant and extinct species provides important information about the rate and pattern of tooth growth, which permits inferences about key life history traits. Traditionally, such research has mainly focused on primates, while other mammalian groups have remained relatively unexplored. In some cases, this has led to the misidentification of incremental markings and the miscalculation of dental growth parameters in non‐primate taxa, which has highlighted the importance of obtaining more reliable comparative frameworks. Here, we partially fill this gap by providing a detailed analysis of the dental microstructure in the extant giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis. We specifically studied the histology of the different cusps (i.e. protoconid, metaconid, hypoconid, entoconid and hypoconulid) of two first lower molars and two third lower molars with different degree of wear to identify the different incremental markings and to calculate dental growth parameters such as daily secretion rate and enamel formation front angle for each cusp and tooth. Our results show that incremental markings in enamel were more apparent as compared to those in dentine and/or cementum and have permitted a deeper analysis of the former tissue. Enamel laminations, which had a daily periodicity, were the most common incremental lines in all teeth. Supradaily Retzius lines and subdaily cross‐striations and laminations were also recognised in dental enamel, revealing multiple secretory pulses of the ameloblasts in the giraffe. Generally, values of enamel growth parameters (i.e. daily secretion rate and enamel formation front angle) obtained for the first lower molar were comparable to those reported for closely related taxa, while those calculated for the third lower molar present a higher degree of variation that may be linked to differences in general somatic rates of growth. Nevertheless, enamel growth parameters were highly variable within each tooth, suggesting caution when making general (palaeo)biological inferences from dental histology. The giraffe dentine and cementum also register incremental lines. In the dentine, most of these features were classified as daily von Ebner's lines and their counting and measurement revealed values of secretion rates that agree with those previously reported in other artiodactyls. The age calculated from the incremental lines in the dental cementum matches that deduced from dental wear, suggesting that the counting of yearly lines in this tissue is a reliable tool to estimate individual age in giraffids. This study further suggests ways to refine future analyses of dentine and cementum and sets the stage for dental palaeohistology of extinct giraffids and closely related ungulates for which life history information is still unknown.
Flowering plants at Sino‐Himalaya and the Tibetan Plateau face increased extinction risk
Authors: Zhao Li‐Na , Liu Yun , Ye Jian‐Fei , Liu Bing , Hu Hai‐Hua , Lu Li‐Min , Chang Jiang , Guralnick Robert P. , Sun Miao , Chen Zhi‐Duan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe loss of biodiversity is one of the most serious environmental issues in the Anthropocene. Understanding the extinction risk of species is essential for preemptive conservation measures, but is hampered by gaps in geographical and evolutionary knowledge, especially in areas/regions that are highly diverse in species. Combined with a 21 109‐taxon angiosperm mega‐phylogeny and comprehensive species distribution database, we evaluated the characteristics of angiosperm extinction risk at the Sino‐Himalaya and the Tibetan Plateau (SHTP). Overall, our results show that there is a strong interaction between evolutionary and environmental factors on extinction risk, and both contribute spatially to threat processing in the SHTP. The extinction risk of angiosperms in this region is spatially and phylogenetically clustered; the clades with low species richness are significantly more vulnerable to extinction than species‐rich ones; the regions with the highest extinction risk are concentrated in the mountainous areas of southwest China. Integrated with the existing Red List, we further delineated more than 3000 potentially threatened species and proposed practical conservation priorities for four types of species in the SHTP. The extinction risk of angiosperms showed both phylogenetically and spatially aggregate characteristics, serving as an important reference for predicting extinction trends and the formulation of targeted conservation strategies.
Construction and Development of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program for the Surgical Management of Patients With Spinal Metastasis: A Modified Delphi Study
Authors: Li Fanjie , Yu Wenlong , Zhou Haohan , Zhang Fan , Zhou Zihuan , Gao Qiang , Gao Xin , Zhang Luosheng , Yan Yinjie , Huang Quan , Yang Xinghai , Chu Peilin , Yin Mengchen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveAs an effective treatment for spinal metastasis (SM), ERAS protocol can significantly reduce the length of hospital stay and complications in patients. Establishing an ERAS program for perioperative care after SM surgery is a clinical problem that needs to be addressed urgently. We aimed to develop an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program and Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) that conferred clinical benefit to patients with SM and made it relatively easy to manage the condition. We believe that our findings could help establish and promote the continuous improvement of additional ERAS programs for SM.MethodsThis is a modified Delphi study. We used a two‐round process using data acquired from a review of relevant literature and involving a multidisciplinary panel of experts from different hospitals in China. The modified Delphi survey was conducted from February 1, 2024 to April 20, 2024. The experts were invited to evaluate each of the current relevant ERAS recommended topics to determine the appropriateness of inclusion in the ERAS program and SSC with the 5‐point Likert scale. Used the results to create specific ERAS and SSC (70% consensus) programs. Close to consensus (65%–69% consensus) findings were considered for the follow‐up survey.ResultsA multicenter, multidisciplinary group of physicians (n = 75), including clinical workers, researchers, anesthesiologists, nursing specialists, psychologists, nutritionists, and caregivers, with experience in managing patients with SM, were asked to participate. Using the modified Delphi process, we arrived at a consensus for the ERAS program. This included 37 consolidated items in the domains in the following order: preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, and discharge. The SSC included 37 consolidated items in the domains in the following order: before the induction of anesthesia, before skin incision, and before the patient leaves the operating room.ConclusionThis study, based on the modified Delphi process, helped us develop ERAS and SCC consensus‐driven best practice recommendations, including suggestions related to perioperative anesthesia, surgery, and nursing for SM. We hope that this study, in which we integrated both traditional Chinese and Western medical treatment protocols, can provide a basis for a rapid rehabilitation program for surgical interventions in SM.
Individual Behaviors and Health Inequalities: Preterm Birth During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in Mexico
Authors: Caudillo Mónica L. , Villarreal Andrés , Torche Florencia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe evaluate the consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic for preterm birth in Mexico using microdata that include all births from 2014 to 2022. The country's hybrid public/private healthcare system allows us to examine how women's adaptive behaviors to the health crisis shaped their birth outcomes. The proportion of women giving birth in private hospitals increased dramatically after the onset of the pandemic in March 2020. This was likely a strategy to reduce their risk of infection in public hospitals, many of which were overcrowded. Time‐series models suggest that preterm births increased among women who gave birth in public hospitals but decreased among women who gave birth in private settings. Difference‐in‐differences models based on a conception–cohort design with hospital fixed‐effects indicate that the health benefits from receiving private rather than public care were concentrated among women with higher levels of education. The reduction in preterm births among more educated women was partially explained by their choice of higher quality services within the private sector and by changes in the demographic composition of patients who chose private care. Our analysis illustrates how protective behaviors subject to heterogeneous socioeconomic and structural constraints may lead to unequal health outcomes during health emergencies.
A Phosphate‐Starvation Enhanced Purple Acid Phosphatase, GmPAP23 Mediates Intracellular Phosphorus Recycling and Yield in Soybean
Authors: Guo Qi , Zhu Shengnan , Lai Tao , Tian Cang , Hu Meiling , Lu Xing , Xue Yingbin , Liang Cuiyue , Tian Jiang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPlant internal phosphorus (P) recycling is a complex process, which is vital for improving plant P use efficiency. However, the mechanisms underlying phosphate (Pi) release from internal organic‐P form remains to be deciphered in crops. Here, we functionally characterised a Pi‐starvation responsive purple acid phosphatase (PAP), GmPAP23 in soybean (Glycine max). GmPAP23 could hydrolyse a series of Pi‐containing compounds in vitro, such as trehalose‐6‐phosphate and glucose‐l‐phosphate. Moreover, GmPAP23 overexpression led to less P distribution in soybean source organs, including mature leaves and pod shells, but more P distribution in seeds under P sufficient conditions, although no effect was observed for transgenic soybean lines with its suppression. Metabolomic analysis found that a group of P‐containing metabolites exhibited differential accumulations in mature leaves between wild type (WT) and GmPAP23 overexpression lines, such as glucose‐l‐phosphate and trehalose‐6‐phosphate. Moreover, a MYB transcription factor, GmPHR14 was subsequently found to activate the transcription of GmPAP23 via directly binding to its promoter. Collectively, these findings could highlight that the GmPHR14‐GmPAP23 pathway, which controls internal P recycling in soybean, and thus affect yield.
Biflat F‐structures as differential bicomplexes and Gauss–Manin connections
Authors: Arsie Alessandro , Lorenzoni Paolo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe show that a biflat F‐structure on a manifold defines a differential bicomplex on forms with value on the tangent sheaf of the manifold. Moreover, the sequence of vector fields defined recursively by coincides with the coefficients of the formal expansion of the flat local sections of a family of flat connections associated with the biflat structure. In the case of Dubrovin–Frobenius manifold, the connection (for suitable choice of an auxiliary parameter) can be identified with the Levi–Civita connection of the flat pencil of metrics defined by the invariant metric and the intersection form.
A Review of Geometric Modeling Design and Deployment Mechanism of Flasher-based Origami
Authors: Gu Yongxia , Hao Liang , Zhao Jieliang , Xing Wenxu , Ke Shihao , Yu Youhe , Zhang Tianyu , Zhang Chenyang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The flasher origami structure is a complex origami design characterized by multilayered coupling properties and deployment by rotational motion around an axis. This structure boasts an expansion ratio of up to 1:1000, making it highly desirable as a deployable structure in engineering applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the geometric modeling and deployment mechanisms of flasher origami. The current application areas of such structures are also outlined, serving as a foundational reference for future research. By reviewing the historical evolution and major research topics related to flasher origami structures, this paper categorizes related research into two main themes: theoretical research and applied research. Depending on the distinct needs of theoretical and applied research, the design methods and principles of flasher origami structures are adjusted, offering a roadmap for future studies. This paper summarizes the deployment mechanisms and existing applications of flasher origami structures and provides insights into future research directions. The goal is to stimulate innovative applications and guide future research efforts. Finally, common challenges encountered in application scenarios, simulation analysis, usage limitations, and practical implementation of flasher origami structures are addressed, and a forward-looking perspective on the research prospects in this field is offered.
A Study on Eliminating Dip in Head Curve of High Specific Speed Pumps
Authors: Ali Azfar , Jia Kun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
High specific speed pumps often exhibit unstable head-characteristics at low volumetric flow rates, with a dip or positive slope in the head-curve occurring typically between 50 to 65 percent of the BEP flow rate. This results in a limited operating range for the pump. Furthermore, these pumps usually have a high rise to shut-off in terms of head and power. This study is aimed to eliminate these instabilities in the head curve and develop methods to design VCT pumps with a wider operating range of flow rates and lower shut off power without compromising efficiency.
In this study, first the existing baseline design with a dipping head curve was modeled, analyzed, and validated using the commercial CFD tool Simerics-MP+ then new designs were created while maintaining the overall dimensions of the baseline pump and simulations were performed. Simulations were conducted for the entire flow range from Shut-Off to Runout. The CFD studies revealed that many of the new designs are “dipless” with specific speeds ranging from 7000 to 8800 in US units. The pump head and efficiency were evaluated between Pit inlet and Bowl exit, and each model consisted of six components, namely Pit, Suction Bell, Impeller, Mixing Zone, Bowl, and Outlet extension. The mesh count for the models ranged from 2.3 to 4.5 million cells, and all models were transient 3D simulations with a cavitation sub-model to obtain the desired accuracy.
The paper presents findings that suggest that the instability or dip in the head curve can be attributed to one or a combination of factors such as suction recirculation, discharge recirculation, recirculation in the bowl, or excessive head loss in one or more components of the pump. The dip in the head curve represents an excessive head loss occurring at a specific flowrate. There is no singular cause for the dip in the head curve, but rather a combination of losses resulting from the aforementioned phenomena. It is important to note that the Euler’s head or Theoretical head of the impeller is always increasing with reducing flowrate, meaning it does not have any dip or instability.
In addition, our research demonstrates that the commonly accepted notion that discharge recirculation occurring on the hub side of the impeller at low flow rates is the reason for dip in head curve is incorrect for high specific speed VCT pumps. All our dipless designs show discharge recirculation occurring on the hub side of the impeller at low flow rates. In fact, the designs having dip in head curve always show discharge recirculation on the shroud side of the impeller.