bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat-Treated Inconel 625 by Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Microstructure, Tensile Properties, and Residual Stress Evolution
Authors: Marchese Giulio , Piscopo Gabriele , Lerda Serena , Salmi Alessandro , Atzeni Eleonora , Biamino Sara 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis work investigates the impact of different heat treatments on the evolution of the microstructure, tensile properties, and residual stresses of Inconel 625 (IN625) processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Applying a heat treatment is an essential step to mitigate the high residual stresses in the components produced by LPBF and, simultaneously, to design the mechanical properties of the components. A high magnitude of residual stress can involve deformation and reduce the fatigue resistance of the components. In the current work, heat treatments performed at 600, 800, and 870 °C provided minimal modification on the dimensions of the grains but involved the formation of new phases, which increased the tensile strength. The results showed mitigation of the residual stresses at 800 and 870 °C correlated with the formation of Cr-rich M23C6 carbides and δ phases, respectively. Finally, the solution annealing at 1150 °C triggered recrystallization with the formation of sub-micrometric carbides, reducing the residual stresses. The solution annealing treatment involved an improvement of the ductility and a reduction in tensile strength. This work provides a guide to understanding the microstructure, residual stress, and mechanical properties evolution of the IN625 alloy under heat treatments.
Empowering Pacific Patients on the Weight Loss Surgery Pathway: A Co-designed Evaluation Study
Authors: Taylor Tamasin Ariana , Beban Grant , Yi Elaine , Veukiso Michael , Sang-Yum Genevieve , Dewes Ofa , Wrapson Wendy , Taufa Nalei , Campbell Andrew R. T. , Siegert Richard J. , Shepherd Peter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Despite having the highest medical needs by population for weight loss treatment, Pacific patients in Aotearoa New Zealand face substantial levels of attrition in publicly funded weight loss surgery programs. In collaboration with the Auckland City Hospital bariatric surgery team, a Pacific-led preoperative weight loss surgery program was co-designed, delivered, and evaluated between 2020 and 2023.

Materials and Methods
This was a single-arm, prospective co-designed evaluation study that took place at Auckland City Hospital in Aotearoa New Zealand. Participants were Pacific patients (n = 14) referred to the weight loss surgery program. Survey and video diaries were analyzed to determine if the program had the potential to increase Pacific patient retention through the preoperative stage of weight loss surgery, increase surgery completion rates, and improve the quality of treatment experiences.

Results
Nine out of 14 participants attended all preoperative sessions. Six participants subsequently underwent weight loss surgery. Program components that had positive impacts on patient success and satisfaction were accessibility, information quality, having Pacific role models, cultural safety, and the group support system. The patients found the program to be culturally anchored and there was support for the implementation of the program going forward.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated how a culturally anchored intervention can increase patient retention for those patients who may not respond to mainstream treatment. Adjusting existing preoperative weight loss surgery programs to integrate Pacific-led models of healthcare has the potential to increase Pacific patient resiliency to follow through with surgery.

Graphical Abstract
Effects of Boric acid as Maternal Feed Additives on the Development and Sex Ratio of Mouse pups
Authors: Aykal M. B. , Gecin M. N. , Sogut I. , Kar F. , Taskin A. C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBoron is primarily used in industrial applications, with recent interest revolving around its effects on metabolism. In this study, we administered boric acid (BA), which has positive effects on reproduction, in conjunction with feed supplementation to serve as a model for experimental animal development and breeding. The pregnancy performance, offspring development, and biochemical effects of mice given feed supplemented with BA at concentrations of 0 (control group), 250, and 500 ppm (BA groups) were investigated. A total of 18 female Balb-C mice were utilized for pregnancy. The mice were given the BA-supplemented feed during a period encompassing three weeks of pregnancy and three weeks of lactation. The numbers and weights of offspring born in cages on days 19–21 were determined. Blood and tissue samples were collected from the offspring during the third week postnatal, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant and oxidant status (TAS, TOS, and OSI) levels were determined. A significant increase in female offspring was observed in the groups born to mice fed with BA compared to the control group. Positive development in organ weights was observed in the 250-ppm BA group. The 250-ppm group exhibited a significant increase in TAS compared to the control group, while TOS and MDA levels showed a decrease. Also, the levels of BA groups were found to decrease in both the OSI index serum and organ samples compared to the control group. Thus, the use of 250-ppm BA demonstrated positive effects on female offspring production, organ development, and antioxidant levels.
Towards stronger tobacco control policies to curb the smoking epidemic in Spain
Authors: Pérez-Ríos Mónica , Ahluwalia Jasjit , Guerra-Tort Carla , García Guadalupe , Rey-Brandariz Julia , Mourino-Castro Nerea , Teijeiro Ana , Casal-Fernández Raquel , Galán Iñaki , Varela-Lema Leonor , Ruano-Ravina Alberto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSmoking and exposure to secondhand smoke pose a significant risk to the health of populations. Although this evidence is not new, the commitment of countries to implement laws aimed at controlling consumption and eliminating exposure to secondhand smoke is uneven. Thus, in North America or in Europe, locations like California or Ireland, are pioneers in establishing policies aimed at protecting the population against smoking and secondhand smoke. Identifying measures that have worked would help control this important Public Health problem in other countries that are further behind in tobacco control policies. In Spain, there has been almost 15 years of little political action in legislation oriented to control the tobacco epidemic. If we want to achieve the tobacco endgame, new legislative measures must be implemented. In this paper, we have elucidated tobacco control policies that could be implemented and show how different countries have done so.
Multijoints and Factorisation
Authors: Tang Michael Chi Yung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe solve the dual multijoint problem and prove the existence of so-called factorisations for arbitrary fields and multijoints of $$k_j$$

k
j

-planes. More generally, we deduce a discrete analogue of a theorem due in essence to Bourgain and Guth. Our result is a universal statement which describes a property of the discrete wedge product without any explicit reference to multijoints and is stated as follows: Suppose that $$k_1 + \ldots + k_d = n$$

k
1

+
…
+

k
d

=
n

. There is a constant $$C=C(n)$$

C
=
C
(
n
)

so that for any field $$\mathbb {F}$$
F
and for any finitely supported function $$S : \mathbb {F}^n \rightarrow \mathbb {R}_{\ge 0}$$

S
:

F

n

→

R

≥
0

, there are factorising functions $$s_{k_j} : \mathbb {F}^n\times {{\,\mathrm{{Gr}}\,}}(k_j, \mathbb {F}^n)\rightarrow \mathbb {R}_{\ge 0}$$

s

k
j

:

F

n

×

Gr

(

k
j

,

F

n

)

→

R

≥
0

such that $$\begin{aligned} \left( V_1 \wedge \cdots \wedge V_d\right) S\left( p\right) ^d \le \prod _{j=1}^d s_{k_j}\left( p, V_j\right) , \end{aligned}$$

V
1

∧
⋯
∧

V
d

S

p

d

≤

∏

j
=
1

d

s

k
j

p
,

V
j

,

for every $$p\in \mathbb {F}^n$$

p
∈

F

n

and every tuple of planes $$V_j\in {{\,\mathrm{{Gr}}\,}}(k_j, \mathbb {F}^n)$$

V
j

∈

Gr

(

k
j

,

F

n

)

, and $$\begin{aligned} \sum _{p\in \pi _j} s(p, e(\pi _j)) =C \left| \left| S\right| \right| _d, \end{aligned}$$

∑

p
∈

π
j

s

(
p
,
e

(

π
j

)

)

=
C

S

d

,

for every $$k_j$$

k
j

-plane $$\pi _j\subset \mathbb {F}^n$$

π
j

⊂

F

n

, where $$e(\pi _j)\in {{\,\mathrm{{Gr}}\,}}(k_j,\mathbb {F}^n)$$

e

(

π
j

)

∈

Gr

(

k
j

,

F

n

)

, is the translate of $$\pi _j$$

π
j

that contains the origin and $$\wedge $$
∧
denotes the discrete wedge product.
Deep Multi-task Learning for Animal Chest Circumference Estimation from Monocular Images
Authors: Zhang Hongtao , Gu Dongbing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe applications of deep learning algorithms with images to various scenarios have attracted significant research attention. However, application scenarios in animal breeding managements are still limited. In this paper we propose a new deep learning framework to estimate the chest circumference of domestic animals from images. This parameter is a key metric for breeding and monitoring the quality of animal in animal husbandry. We design a set of feature extraction methods based on a multi-task learning framework to address the challenging issues in the main estimation task. The multiple tasks in our proposed framework include object segmentation, keypoint estimation, and depth estimation of cow from monocular images. The domain-specific features extracted from these tasks improve upon our main estimation task. In addition, we also attempt to reduce unnecessary computations during the framework design to reduce the cost of subsequent practical implementation of the developed system. Our proposed framework is tested on our own collected dataset to evaluate its performance.
Muscle Oximetry in Sports Science: An Updated Systematic Review
Authors: Perrey Stephane , Quaresima Valentina , Ferrari Marco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the last 5 years since our last systematic review, a significant number of articles have been published on the technical aspects of muscle near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), the interpretation of the signals and the benefits of using the NIRS technique to measure the physiological status of muscles and to determine the workload of working muscles.ObjectivesConsidering the consistent number of studies on the application of muscle oximetry in sports science published over the last 5 years, the objectives of this updated systematic review were to highlight the applications of muscle oximetry in the assessment of skeletal muscle oxidative performance in sports activities and to emphasize how this technology has been applied to exercise and training over the last 5 years. In addition, some recent instrumental developments will be briefly summarized.MethodsPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines were followed in a systematic fashion to search, appraise and synthesize existing literature on this topic. Electronic databases such as Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed and SPORTDiscus were searched from March 2017 up to March 2023. Potential inclusions were screened against eligibility criteria relating to recreationally trained to elite athletes, with or without training programmes, who must have assessed physiological variables monitored by commercial oximeters or NIRS instrumentation.ResultsOf the identified records, 191 studies regrouping 3435 participants, met the eligibility criteria. This systematic review highlighted a number of key findings in 37 domains of sport activities. Overall, NIRS information can be used as a meaningful marker of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and can become one of the primary monitoring tools in practice in conjunction with, or in comparison with, heart rate or mechanical power indices in diverse exercise contexts and across different types of training and interventions.ConclusionsAlthough the feasibility and success of the use of muscle oximetry in sports science is well documented, there is still a need for further instrumental development to overcome current instrumental limitations. Longitudinal studies are urgently needed to strengthen the benefits of using muscle oximetry in sports science.
The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorder features and comorbid psychopathology among adolescents with anorexia nervosa and matched controls: a comparative cohort design study
Authors: Bracké Katrien , Steegers Cathelijne , van der Harst Tess , Pons Rozemarijn , Legerstee Jeroen , Dierckx Bram , de Nijs Pieter , Bax-van Berkel Marieke , van Elburg Annemarie , Hekkelaan Marion , Hokke Joke , de Jong-Zuidema Hetty , Korthals Altes Lucas , Lengton-van der Spil Farida , Luijkx Judith , Schuurmans Femke , Smeets Carien , van Wijk Lia , Woltering Claire , Vernooij Meike , Hillegers Manon , White Tonya , Dieleman Gwen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To examine implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorder (ED) features and psychopathology in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).

Method
In total 79 females with first-onset AN (aged 12–22 years) were included and were followed up across a period of 1 year. We assessed AN participants recruited pre-pandemic (n = 49) to those recruited peri-pandemic (n = 30). Pre- (n = 37) and peri-pandemic (n = 38) age-, and education-matched typically developing (TD) girls (n = 75) were used as a reference cohort. ED features and psychopathology were assessed at baseline. After 1 year of follow-up the association between pandemic timing and clinical course was assessed. Analyses of covariance were used to examine differences in ED features and psychopathology.

Results
Peri-pandemic AN participants experienced less ED symptoms at baseline compared to pre-pandemic AN participants. In particular, they were less dissatisfied with their body shape, and experienced less interpersonal insecurity. In addition, the peri-pandemic AN group met fewer DSM-IV criteria for comorbid disorders, especially anxiety disorders. In contrast, peri-pandemic AN participants had a smaller BMI increase over time. In TD girls, there were no differences at baseline in ED features and psychopathology between the pre- and peri-pandemic group.

Conclusion
Overall, peri-pandemic AN participants were less severely ill, compared to pre-pandemic AN participants, which may be explained by less social pressure and peer contact, and a more protective parenting style during the pandemic. Conversely, peri-pandemic AN participants had a less favorable clinical course, which may be explained by reduced access to health care facilities during the pandemic.

Level of evidence
Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.
Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Cities: Seasonal Variability and Influential Factors
Authors: Dewan Ashraf , Islam K. M. Ashraful , Enan Muhammad Esmat , Fariha Tanzim Rahman , Rafiuddin M. , Adnan Mohammed Sarfaraz Gani 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUrban-induced land use changes have a significant impact on local weather patterns, leading to increased hydro-meteorological hazards in cities. Despite substantial threats posed to humans, understanding atmospheric hazards related to urbanisation, such as thunderstorms, lightning, and convective precipitation, remains unclear. This study aims to analyse seasonal variability of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning in the five large metropolitans in Bangladesh utilising six years (2015–2020) of Global Lightning Detection Network (popularly known as GLD360) data. It also investigates factors influencing CG strokes. The analysis revealed substantial seasonal fluctuations in CG strokes, with a noticeable increase in lightning activity during the pre-monsoon months from upwind to metropolitan areas across the five cities. Both season and location appear to impact the diurnal variability of CG strokes in these urban centres. Bivariate regression analysis indicated that precipitation and particulate matter (PM) significantly influence lightning generation, whilst population density, urban size, and mean surface temperature have negligible effects. A sensitivity test employing a random forest (RF) model underscored the pivotal role of PM in CG strokes in four of the five cities assessed, highlighting the enduring impact of extreme pollution on lightning activity. Despite low causalities from CG lightning, the risk of property damage remains high in urban environments. This study provides valuable insights for shaping public policies in Bangladesh, a globally recognised climate hotspot.
Targeting Anhedonia in Adolescents: A Single Case Series of a Positive Imagery-Based Early Intervention
Authors: Hutchinson Taryn , Lau Jennifer Y. F. , Smith Patrick , Pile Victoria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInterventions targeting anhedonia in depression demonstrate encouraging results in adults but are lacking for adolescents. Here, we have adapted a brief imagery-based intervention (IMAGINE), which has shown promising results in reducing symptoms of depression in young people, to focus specifically on reducing symptoms of anhedonia (IMAGINE-Positive). We augment positive mental imagery generation with techniques to upregulate positive affect. Eight participants completed the four-session intervention. Data on feasibility and acceptability were collected. Questionnaires of symptomology and cognitive mechanisms (e.g. depression, anhedonia and future imagery vividness) were administered at pre-intervention, post-intervention and 3-month follow-up. The intervention was feasible to deliver and acceptable to participants. There was a large reduction in depression symptom scores from pre- to post-intervention (d = 1.12) and 63% of participants showed reliable improvement (RI), which was maintained at follow-up (d = 2.51, RI = 86%). Although there were only small reductions in anhedonia from pre to post (d = 0.38, RI = 0), there was a large reduction from pre to follow-up (d = 1.28, RI = 29%). There were also large increases in positive future imagery vividness (post, d =  − 1.08, RI = 50%; follow-up, d =  − 2.02, RI = 29%). Initial evidence suggests that IMAGINE-Positive is feasible and acceptable and may have clinical utility, but future randomised controlled trials are needed to further evaluate efficacy.
Unsupervised Machining Recognition from a Vibration Signal
Authors: Kristóf Lajber , Mátyás Dr Andó 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
In unattended machining, monitoring the cutting processes holds significant importance. A crucial aspect to consider is whether chip formation occurs at a specific moment or not. Acquiring this knowledge can enhance production reliability and minimize losses.

Methods
To address this, an algorithm is proposed for detecting chip formation using vibration signals obtained from a CNC machine. The algorithm relies on the spindle RPM and vibration signal to identify the occurrence of machining cycles (chip formations). The evaluation process involved comparing the results of the algorithm to those obtained by a human manually selecting the machining parts from the same signal.

Results
Its effectiveness was evaluated across various feedrates, demonstrating its applicability under different conditions.

Conclusions
This method is able to detect the real machining more accurate than the use of G-code-based method.
Mortality from extreme meteorological and hydrogeological events in Italy: a rising health threat connected to climate change
Authors: Dalmastri Claudia , Uccelli Raffaella 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of the present work is to assess mortality associated to extreme meteorological and hydrological events (storms, floods, landslides, avalanches) for the period 2003–2020 in Italy. These extreme events are particularly worrying phenomena due to their increasing frequency and intensity connected to climate change. The considerable rise of extreme meteorological events in Italy has been having a dramatic impact on the environment and territories, particularly on intrinsically fragile ones, and on resident populations. More than 90% of Italian municipalities are at risk for extreme events, with more than 8 million inhabitants exposed. Number of deaths and SMRates due to such extreme events (X International Classification of Diseases: X36, X37 and X38) in Italy were calculated from regional to municipal level by ENEA mortality database (data source ISTAT). Geographic maps were elaborated by QGIS software (QGIS, RRID:SCR_018507) version 3.28. In the selected period, 378 overall deaths were detected: 321 deaths due to landslides and avalanches, 28 to cataclysmic storm, and 29 to floods. The regions with the highest mortality levels and/or number of municipalities involved and the municipalities at highest risk were identified. In consideration of the forecasted increase of such extreme events in Italy, the knowledge of Italian areas at highest risk can be used in the decision-making processes to assess priorities, allocate financial resources, define warning measures, and undertake preventive or mitigation actions. Moreover, the attributable mortality levels can be a useful basis for further risk assessment research aimed at estimating the cost in terms of human lives’ loss associated to such events in future climatic scenarios.
Young people’s experiences of being involved in quality improvement of youth mental health services
Authors: Bjønness Stig , Leidland Charlotte , Ellis Louise A. , Ree Eline 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
There is a worldwide concern regarding young people’s mental health and the complexities of designing mental health services to meet these challenges. By integrating user knowledge in the design of mental health services, the services will be better suited to meet the distinctive requirements of youth, as well as uphold their entitlement to participate and influence. This study delves into the viewpoints of young people with experience from mental health services, exploring their perceived advantages and challenges related to their involvement in the enhancement of mental health services’ quality.

Methods
A qualitative study with in-depth interviews and thematic analysis were conducted. Ten young, experienced users participated in the study.

Results
Youth user involvement in quality improvement of mental health services yielded notable benefits experienced as fostering personal recovery. Simultaneously, this involvement entailed challenging responsibilities. The participants experienced challenges associated with navigating their memories and expressing concern for their peers. The success of user involvement was closely associated with open-minded cooperative healthcare professionals, facilitation within the services, and provision of support for the young participants.

Conclusions
This study elucidates perceived benefits and challenges related to user involvement at an organizational level. It identifies pivotal conditions to success and underscores the value of incorporating user experience in the improvement of services, not only to create services tailored to the needs of youth but also to instill a positive self-identity and empower those participating. Recognizing the value of experienced users in quality improvement of the services will promote development of youth-friendly services.