bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genes and social skills
Authors: Scourfield Jane , McGuffin Peter , Thapar Anita 
Published: February 2005

AbstractEvidence for one or more loci on the human X chromosome influencing social cognition was recently presented by Skuse et al.(1). The imprinted locus is only expressed from a paternally inherited X chromosome, which means that boys do not express it because their only X chromosome comes from their mother. This raises the possibility of genetic as well as cultural influences on sex differences in behaviour and cognition. It may also offer some explanation for why boys are more vulnerable to developmental disorders that affect social behaviour, such as autism.
Index for predicting mortality in elderly surgical patients
Authors: Lloyd H , Ahmed I , Taylor S , Blake J R S 
Published: February 2005

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to validate a mortality index for use in patients over 65 years of age undergoing operative treatment or conservative management.

Methods
From a study conducted more than 20 years ago of elderly patients admitted with a surgical condition, 11 variables were identified as being significant in predicting mortality: age, white cell count, serum urea concentration, pulse rate, mean blood pressure, type of admission, urgency of operation, complexity of surgery, conservative management, and diagnostic categories of vascular disease and malignancy. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, a mortality index was devised. This index was validated in a separate study of comparable patients treated in 1999–2001.

Results
Comparison of the derivation and validation data sets showed similarity in the distribution of variables with no significant difference in mortality (overall mortality rate 9·3 per cent for the derivation set versus 9·6 per cent for the validation set; χ2 = 0·084, 1 d.f., P = 0·771). Tests of calibration and discrimination showed no significant difference in predicted to actual deaths, and the receiver–operator characteristic plots of the two data sets showed good discrimination.

Conclusion
This mortality index was derived specifically for patients over 65 years of age receiving either operative or conservative treatment. It could be of use when counselling patients and their relatives about the possible outcome of treatment.
Quantitative structure–retention relationships for ionic and non‐ionic compounds in biopartitioning micellar chromatography
Authors: Escuder‐Gilabert L. , Sagrado S. , Villanueva‐Camañas R. M. , Medina‐Hernández M. J. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractQuantitative structure–retention relationships, QSRRs, represent a powerful tool in chromatography. The objectives of QSRR studies are to predict the chromatographic retention behaviour of solutes based on their structural properties, to elucidate retention mechanisms, to optimize the separation of complex mixtures or to prepare experimental designs. In this paper, using the retention factors of 151 structurally unrelated solutes that cover a wide range of hydrophobicity, molecular size, hydrogen bonding properties and ionization degrees obtained in biopartitioning micellar chromatography (BMC) at different Brij35 micellar concentrations, several multivariate QSRR models are tested. It is demonstrated that the chromatographic retention of any molecule in BMC, independently of its family, can be adequately described by its hydrophobicity (expressed as log P) and its anionic and cationic total molar charge (expressed as αA and αB). Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Approaches to correct device malposition in percutaneous PFO closure: Anatomical and technical implications
Authors: Muench Andreas , Boccalandro Fernando , Ellis Keith , Smalling Richard W. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe describe three patients with initial failure of transcatheter patent foramen ovale closure. Two patients had residual defects successfully closed during the initial session, and one patient had a persistent shunt, which was corrected at a later time. Anatomical and technical considerations and the role of intracardiac ultrasound are discussed. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:338–344. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transcatheter closure of a 22 mm patent ductus arteriosus with an Amplatzer atrial septal occluder
Authors: Spies Christian , Ujivari Franz , Schräder Rainer 
Published: February 2005

AbstractTranscatheter techniques for closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) have been used for almost 40 years. We report a case of a 24‐year‐old female with a 22 mm PDA, congestive heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. She underwent transcatheter PDA closure with an Amplatzer atrial septal occluder (ASO). Following the procedure, she developed hemolysis due to a large residual shunt. However, the shunt gradually resolved until complete closure was achieved within 8 months. An attempt to restore sinus rhythm with electrical cardioversion was successful and the patient is now, 2 years after procedure, in New York Heart Association functional class I. Off‐label use of an ASO for closure of a very large PDA yielded an excellent clinical result. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:352–355. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Left ventricular conditioning in the elderly patient to prevent congestive heart failure after transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect
Authors: Schubert S. , Peters B. , Abdul‐Khaliq H. , Nagdyman N. , Lange P.E. , Ewert P. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractTranscatheter closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs) is a safe and effective treatment. Over the past years, an increasing number of elderly patients (age > 60 years) have been admitted for transcatheter closure to prevent ongoing congestive heart failure from volume overload. However, recent data point to the risk of serious acute left ventricular dysfunction leading to pulmonary edema immediately after surgical or transcatheter ASD closure in some patients. In this study, we used a technique described before to recognize in advance patients at risk of left heart failure after ASD closure. Those patients at risk were then treated with preventive conditioning medication for 48–72 hr before definitive transcatheter ASD closure was performed. Fifty‐nine patients aged over 60 years (range, 60–81.8 years; median, 68 years) were admitted to our institution for transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect. All patients received evaluation of atrial pressures before and during temporary balloon occlusion of the ASD. Patients with left ventricular restriction due to increased mean atrial pressures (> 10 mm Hg) during ASD occlusion received anticongestive conditioning medication with i.v. dopamine, milrinone, and furosemide for 48–72 hr before definitive ASD closure with an Amplatzer septal occluder was performed. In 44 patients without any signs of left ventricular restriction, ASD closure was performed within the first session. Fifteen (25%) out of 59 patients showed left ventricular restriction. In the majority of patients with LV restriction, the mean left atrial pressures with occluded ASD were significantly decreased after 48–72 hr of conditioning medication. Definitive ASD closure was then performed in a second session. Only two patients received a fenestrated 32 mm Amplatzer occluder due to persistent increased atrial pressures > 10 mm Hg even after conditioning medication. There were no significant differences in shunt, device size, or defect size between the two groups. Balloon occlusion of atrial septal defects identifies patients with left ventricular restrictive physiology before ASD closure. Intravenous anticongestive conditioning medication seems to be highly effective in preventing congestive heart failure after interventional closure of an ASD in the elderly patient with a restrictive left ventricle. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:333–337. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endovascular treatment of basilar artery stenosis with drug‐eluting stent: A case report and literature review
Authors: Lee Sang Hak , Jung Jae Hun , Shim Won‐Heum 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSymptomatic basilar artery stenosis can be treated with stents. However, it still has limitations such as technical difficulty and restenosis. We describe a 61‐year‐old man with episodic vertigo and significant basilar artery stenosis, who was successfully treated with drug‐eluting stent. At 6 month follow‐up, cerebral angiography revealed patent basilar artery. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:296–300. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nanocap‐Shaped Tin Phthalocyanines: Synthesis, Characterization, and Corrosion Inhibition Activity
Authors: Beltrán Hiram I. , Esquivel Raquel , Lozada‐Cassou Marcelo , Dominguez‐Aguilar Marco A. , Sosa‐Sánchez Arturo , Sosa‐Sánchez Jose L. , Höpfl Herbert , Barba Victor , Luna‐García Rolando , Farfán Norberto , Zamudio‐Rivera Luis S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThermal and microwave reactions between [PcSnIVCl2] (1) and the potassium salts of eight fatty acids (2 a–h) led to cis‐[(RCO2)2SnIVPc] compounds (3 a–h) in yields ranging from 54 to 90 %. Compounds 3 a–h were fully characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopy (IR, UV/Vis, multinuclear NMR), and seven X‐ray diffraction structures, whereby two different allotropes were observed in two cases. The two carboxylates in 3 have a cis anisobidentate binding mode, octacoordination of the tin atoms with square‐antiprismatic geometry, and π‐electron‐rich nanocap shapes. On account of the latter characteristics, 3 a–h compounds have anticorrosion properties. LPR and Tafel electrochemical methods were used to characterize the behavior of these derivatives in naturally aerated sour brine, which is a common environment in petroleum production and refinery operations. The measurement of the corrosion rate of carbon steel AISI 1018 in the presence of 3 a–h (500 ppm) gave efficiencies of 61–87 % for the inhibitor performance. Of the different derivatives examined, compounds 3 e and 3 h were the most effective corrosion inhibitor prototypes.
Ligand Functionality as a Versatile Tool to Control the Assembly Behavior of Preformed Titania Nanocrystals
Authors: Polleux Julien , Pinna Nicola , Antonietti Markus , Hess Christian , Wild Ute , Schlögl Robert , Niederberger Markus 
Published: February 2005

AbstractNanoparticle powders composed of surface‐functionalized anatase crystals with diameters of about 3 nm self‐organize into different structures upon redispersion in water. The assembly is directed by a small amount of a low‐molecular‐weight functional ligand (the “assembler”) adsorbed on the surface of the nanoparticles. The ligand functionality determines the anisotropy of the resulting structures. Multidentate ligands, such as trizma ((HOCH2)3CNH2) and serinol ((HOCH2)2CNH2), with a chargeable terminal group preferentially induce the formation of anisotropic nanostructures several hundreds of nanometers in total length, whereas all the other investigated ligands (ethanolamine H2N(CH2)2OH, glycine hydroxamate H2NCH2CONHOH, dopamine (OH)2C6H3(CH2)2NH3Cl, tris (HOCH2)3CCH3) mainly lead to uncontrolled agglomeration. Experimental data suggests that the anisotropic assembly is a consequence of the water‐promoted desorption of the organic ligands from the {001} faces of the crystalline building blocks together with the dissociative adsorption of water on these crystal faces. Both processes induce the preferred attachment of the titania nanoparticles along the [001] direction. The use of polydentate and charged ligands to functionalize the surface of nanoparticles thus provides a versatile tool to control their arrangement on the nanoscale.
Efficient Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 1,4‐Benzodiazepin‐5‐one Derivatives and Related Compounds by Intramolecular Aza–Wittig Reactions
Authors: Gil Carmen , Bräse Stefan 
Published: February 2005

AbstractDue to their widespread biological activities and favorable pharmacokinetic properties, benzodiazepines were among the first classes of small molecules to be synthesized on solid supports. Since then, there have been numerous reports on the synthesis of similar skeletons. We have employed the T1 triazene linker to yield 1,4‐benzodiazepin‐5‐one. Starting from various substituted triazene resins, cleavage in the presence of an azide donor, such as trimethylsilylazide, gave rise to aryl azides. Intramolecular aza–Wittig reactions produced the appropriately functionalized N‐heterocycles. By using this route, the natural product deoxyvasicinone and related compounds were prepared.
RhoA, RhoB, RhoC, Rac1, Cdc42, and Tc10 mRNA levels in spinal cord, sensory ganglia, and corticospinal tract neurons and long‐lasting specific changes following spinal cord injury
Authors: Erschbamer Matthias K. , Hofstetter Christoph P. , Olson Lars 
Published: February 2005

AbstractInhibition of RhoA has been shown to enhance axonal regeneration following spinal cord injury. Here we mapped mRNA expression patterns of RhoA, B, and C, Rac1, Cdc42, and Tc10 in spinal cord, sensory ganglia, and sensorimotor cortex in uninjured rats, and following spinal cord injury or sham laminectomy. In the intact spinal cord, neurons displayed high levels of Rac1, Cdc42, and Tc10 mRNA hybridization signal. GFAP‐immunoreactive astrocytes expressed primarily RhoB and Rac1, while oligodendrocyte‐like cells expressed RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42. Injury caused profound, long‐lasting upregulation of RhoA, Rac1, Cdc42, and Tc10 mRNA in the spinal cord, while RhoB was modestly increased and RhoC did not change. GFAP‐immunoreactive reactive astrocytes exhibited a dramatic increase of RhoA mRNA expression along with increases of Rac1 and Cdc42. Injury also led to elevation of RhoA, Cdc42, and Tc10 in neurons and modest increases of RhoA, Rac1, and Tc10 in oligodendrocyte‐like cells. Laminectomy caused similar, but less pronounced alterations of investigated mRNA species. In dorsal root ganglia neuronal RhoA, Rac1, Cdc42, and Tc10 mRNA levels were increased similarly by spinal cord injury and sham surgery. The CST pyramidal cells expressed Tc10 mRNA and the CST itself was Tc10‐immunoreactive. Tc10‐immunoreactivity disappeared distal to injury. We conclude that there are gene‐specific patterns of expression of the six different Rho‐GTPases in normal spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia, and that specific changes of temporal and spatial expression patterns occur in response to spinal cord injury, suggesting different roles of these GTPases in the cellular sequelae of CNS injury. J. Comp. Neurol. 484:224–233, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Network traffic prediction based on a new time series model
Authors: Yin Hao , Lin Chuang , Sebastien Berton , Li Bo , Min Geyong 
Published: February 2005

AbstractFast and accurate methods for predicting traffic properties and trend are essential for dynamic network resource management and congestion control. With the aim of performing online and feasible prediction of network traffic, this paper proposes a novel time series model, named adaptive autoregressive (AAR). This model is built upon an adaptive memory‐shortening technique and an adaptive‐order selection method originally developed by this study. Compared to the conventional one‐step ahead prediction using traditional Box–Jenkins time series models (e.g. AR, MA, ARMA, ARIMA and ARFIMA), performance results obtained from actual Internet traffic traces have demonstrated that the proposed AAR model is able to support online prediction of dynamic network traffic with reasonable accuracy and relatively low computation complexity. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
XTbx1 is a transcriptional activator involved in head and pharyngeal arch development in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Ataliotis Paris , Ivins Sarah , Mohun Timothy J. , Scambler Peter J. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe development of pharyngeal arch derivatives in mouse and zebrafish embryos depends on the activity of the transcription factor Tbx1. We cloned the Xenopus laevis orthologue of Tbx1 (XTbx1) and show that the pattern of expression is similar to that in other vertebrate species. Zygotic transcripts are first detected shortly after the mid‐blastula transition and are localized to the presumptive mesoderm at mid‐gastrula stages. XTbx1 expression persists in the lateral plate mesoderm at neurula stages and is found in the pharyngeal arches and otic vesicles from early tail bud stages onward. We demonstrate that XTbx1 is a transcriptional activator and that this trans‐activation requires the C‐terminal region of the protein. A dominant interfering mutant of XTbx1 disrupts the development of Xenopus head structures and pharyngeal arch derivatives. Lineage labeling reveals a requirement for XTbx1 function in cells that contribute to the pharyngeal mesoderm and for fgf8 expression. Developmental Dynamics 232:979–991, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cloning of cDNAs and the differential expression of A‐type cyclins and Dmc1 during spermatogenesis in the Japanese eel, a teleost fish
Authors: Kajiura‐Kobayashi Hiroko , Kobayashi Tohru , Nagahama Yoshitaka 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe cloned A‐type cyclins (cyclins A1 and A2) and Dmc1 cDNAs from the eel testis. Cyclin A1 mRNA was predominantly expressed in the livers, ovaries, and testes of the eels. In contrast to cyclin A1 mRNA, a very high expression of cyclin A2 mRNA was observed in the brains, livers, kidneys, spleens, ovaries, and testes of the eels. Dmc1 mRNA was predominantly expressed in the testes and ovaries; expression in the brain was also detected. In the eel testis, a few type‐A spermatogonia incorporating 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) were seen before the initiation of spermatogenesis by hormonal induction. On day 1 after hormonal induction, the number of BrdU‐labeled spermatogonia increased remarkably, and after 3 and 6 days, many labeled type‐B spermatogonia were also observed. The expression of cyclin A2 increased 1 day after the induction of spermatogenesis and reached a plateau after 6 days, when many type‐B spermatogonia with high proliferative activity were found. In contrast, the expression of cyclin A1 mRNA was detected after 9 days, coincident with the first appearance of spermatocytes. Cyclin A1 mRNA was localized in germ cells of all stages, from primary spermatocytes to round spermatids, whereas cyclin A2 mRNA was specifically localized in spermatogonia, secondary spermatocytes, round spermatids, and testicular somatic cells, including Sertoli cells. Dmc1 was localized only in the earlier stages of primary spermatocytes; before this stage, cyclin A1 mRNA was not detectable. Overall, cyclin A2, Dmc1, and cyclin A1 are expressed in spermatogenic cells sequentially before and during meiosis in the eel testis. Developmental Dynamics 232:1115–1123, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Iron(II) Formate [Fe(O2CH)2]·1/3HCO2H: A Mesoporous Magnet − Solvothermal Syntheses and Crystal Structures of the Isomorphous Framework Metal(II) Formates [M(O2CH)2]·n(Solvent) (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Mg)
Authors: Viertelhaus Martin , Adler Peter , Clérac Rodolphe , Anson Christopher E. , Powell Annie K. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractRecrystallisation of iron(II) formate dihydrate from formic acid under solvothermal conditions results in single‐crystals of the iron(II) formate, α‐Fe(O2CH)2·1/3HCO2H. The crystal structure of this phase has been determined by X‐ray diffraction and reveals an open framework structure with formic acid molecules occupying channels in the lattice which is stable even after removal of the solvent molecules. Magnetic susceptibility and Mössbauer measurements show that the compound undergoes 3D magnetic ordering below TC = 16 K. α‐Fe(O2CH)2·1/3HCO2H and the corresponding magnesium, cobalt, nickel and zinc formates form an isomorphous series. In contrast to the iron compound, the magnetic behaviour of the cobalt analogue is dominated by antiferromagnetic interactions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Formation of ArPdXL(amine) Complexes by Substitution of One Phosphane Ligand by an Amine in trans‐ArPdX(PPh3)2 Complexes
Authors: Jutand Anny , Négri Serge , Principaud Anna 
Published: February 2005

AbstractAmines (piperidine, morpholine, diisopropylamine, terbutylamine), which may be used as bases in copper‐free palladium‐catalyzed Sonogashira reactions, substitute one phosphane PPh3 in trans‐ArPdX(PPh3)2 complexes (Ar = Ph, 4‐NC–C6H4, 4‐MeOC–C6H4, 2‐thienyl; X = I, Br, Cl) to generate ArPdX(PPh3)(amine) complexes in a reversible reaction whose equilibrium constant is determined in chloroform, THF, and DMF. The equilibrium constant depends on Ar, X, the basicity, and the steric hindrance of the amine. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Vanadium(IV and V) Complexes of Schiff Bases and Reduced Schiff Bases Derived from the Reaction of Aromatic o‐Hydroxyaldehydes and Diamines: Synthesis, Characterisation and Solution Studies
Authors: Correia Isabel , Pessoa João Costa , Duarte M. Teresa , da Piedade M. Fátima Minas , Jackush Tamás , Kiss Tamás , Castro M. Margarida C. A. , Geraldes Carlos F. G. C. , Avecilla Fernando 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSeveral sal2en‐type reduced Schiff bases have been prepared from the reaction of 2 equiv. of salicylaldehyde (or derivatives) with ethylenediamine followed by reduction with NaBH4 and subsequently characterised. The water‐soluble ligands (SO3‐sal)2en and R(SO3‐sal)2en (SO3‐sal = salicylaldehyde‐5‐sulphonate) have been studied by pH potentiometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy and the protonation constants of R(SO3‐sal)2en have been determined. The Schiff bases are more susceptible to hydrolysis than the corresponding reduced Schiff bases. The crystal structures of H2(o‐van)2en and KH(o‐van)2en (o‐van = o‐vanillin) have been determined by X‐ray diffraction. The vanadium(IV) complexes have been prepared and characterised by magnetic measurements and IR, UV/Vis and EPR spectroscopy. The colours, magnetic susceptibilities and IR spectra of the new vanadium(IV) complexes of the reduced Schiff bases now obtained suggest oligomeric/polymeric structures for the compounds while the corresponding VIVO–Schiff‐base complexes are monomeric.The complexation of [VIVO]2+ and [VVO2]+ with R(SO3‐sal)2enin aqueous solution has been studied by pH potentiometry, UV/Vis as well as by EPR spectroscopy for the VIVO system and 1H and 51V NMR spectroscopy for the VVO2 system. Complex formation constants have been determined and binding modes have been proposed. N,N′‐ethylenebis(pyridoxylaminato) (Rpyr2en) has also been obtained and the structure of Na[VVO2(Rpyr2en)]·CH3OH·3H2O determined by X‐ray diffraction. The Rpyr2en2– ligand coordinates through both the N‐amine and O‐phenolate moieties in a symmetrical α‐cis type coordination mode, i.e. with both O‐phenolato donors cis to the O‐oxo atoms and trans to each other. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Synthesis, Characterisation of Carbon‐Bridged (Diphenolato)lanthanide Complexes and Their Catalytic Activity for Diels–Alder Reactions
Authors: Xu Xiaoping , Ma Mengtao , Yao Yingming , Zhang Yong , Shen Qi 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe synthesis and structures of new lanthanide complexes supported by the carbon‐bridged diphenolato ligand 2,2′‐methylenebis(6‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methylphenolato) (MBMP2–) are described. Reactions of anhydrous lanthanide trichlorides with Na2MBMP in a 1:2 molar ratio in THF at room temperature afforded the corresponding “ate” (diphenolato)lanthanide complexes [(THF)nLn(MBMP)2Na(THF)2] [Ln = Nd (1), Sm (2),n= 2; Ln = Yb,n= 1 (3)]. Recrystallisation of complexes1–3from toluene in the presence of DME gave the discrete ion‐pair complexes [(MBMP)2Ln(THF)2][Na(DME)2(THF)2] [Ln = Nd (4), Sm (5), Yb (6)]. These complexes have been fully characterised. The single‐crystal structural analyses of1,3and6revealed that the coordination geometries of the lanthanide ions can be best described as distorted octahedral in complexes1and6and distorted trigonal‐bipyramidal in complex3. It was found that these lanthanide complexes are able to act as Lewis acids to catalyse the Diels–Alder reactions of cyclopentadiene with substituted dienophiles with good activity and stereoselectivity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)