bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propolis versus Nigella sativa Oil challenging the apoptotic pathway in Propylthiouracil-induced Hypothyroidism on parotid gland
Authors: AbdelFattah Shereen , El-din Mohamed Emad , Abdelfattah Nourhan , Nady Ghada 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Defending parotid gland against deleterious effects of hypothyroidism may be conquered by using herbal substances such as propolis or Nigella sativa oil. Aim of work: This study was theorized to evaluate probolis versus NsO in amelioration of hazards of Propylthiouracil-induced Hypothyroidism on parotid gland; amending the influences of apoptosis and oxidative stress Material and Methods: 30 male rats were utilized; group I (control), group II (sham control), group III (PTU-induced hypothyrodism), Group IV: (PTU + probolis), Group V: (PTU + NsO), Histo-pathological; H&E, masson trichrome, toluidine blue, α-SMA were performed. MDA and GPx, molecular studies for Bcl2, Bax, caspase and p53 were evaluated. Results: severe pathological alterations in group III; irregular outline, shrunken acini with darkly stained pyknotic nuclei, interstitial exudate, inflammatory infiltrates, and extravasated blood were encountered. Marked increment in mean values of collagen, mast cells, SMA, P53, Bax and caspase. Surprisingly, Nso and probolis ameliorated these deleterious changes in an outstanding manner.
End-of-life outcomes of advanced cancer patients enrolled in palliative care
Authors: Lynch Andrew , Lyon Liisa , Ramalingam Nirmala , Whitehead Hannah , Liu Raymond 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE:
We sought to understand how Palliative Care (PC) enrollment differs between patient demographics and whether enrollment affects end of life (EOL) outcomes in an integrated system.
METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study included Stage IV solid cancer patients who died within 1 year of diagnosis within Kaiser Permanente Northern California between 1/1/2018-12/31/2020. Demographics and EOL outcomes were compared by PC enrollment. Categorical and continuous comparisons were made using Pearson’s χ2 and Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests. Logistic regression was performed to assess independent predictors of EOL outcomes.
RESULTS:
Among 3,575 patients, 45.1% enrolled in PC. Age and comorbidities (p < 0.01) differed between groups; race (p = 0.32) and socioeconomic status (p = 0.54) did not. PC was associated with lower odds of hospitalization (OR 0.62, CI 0.54–0.72) and ICU admission (OR 0.30, CI 0.32–0.50) in the last 30 days of life (DOL) and higher odds of hospice enrollment (OR 2.12, CI 1.81–2.41). More PC visits correlated with more hospice enrollment (49.2% 4 + PC visits, 43.6% 2–3 visits, and 39.9% 1 visit, p = 0.01) and less hospitalization in the last 30 DOL (33.5% vs. 34.4% vs. 45.4%, p < 0.01). Patients in PC had shorter hospital stays (4.0 days vs. 5.0 days, p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION:
There was improvement in EOL outcomes for patients in PC in their last year of life, with greater improvements as PC visits increased. No racial/ethnic or socioeconomic disparities were observed in enrollment.
Longitudinal analyses reveal that aging-related alterations in the intestinal environment promote HFD-induced obesity
Authors: Nakanishi Yumiko , Nozu Ryoko , Ueno Masami , Hioki Kyoji , Ishii Chiharu , Murakami Shinnosuke , Suzuki Kenta , Ka Yuyo , Ogura Tomoyuki , Ito Ayumi , Tachibana Naoko , Kato Tamotsu , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Sugimoto Masahiro , Soga Tomoyoshi , Ito Mamoru , Tomita Masaru , Ohno Hiroshi , Fukuda Shinji 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Aging is a progressive decline of cellular functions that ultimately affects whole-body homeostasis. Alterations in the gut microbiota associated with aging have been reported, however, these studies were mainly based on the simple comparison of young and old subjects. In this study, we longitudinally analyzed fecal microbial community composition, together with fecal and plasma metabolomes, in C57BL/6J mice over a period of 72 weeks.
Result: By using longitudinal microbiome and metabolome analyses, we found aging-related alterations in fecal microbiota and metabolome profiles. There was a significant reduction in gut microbial diversity with ageand, in addition, the fecal metabolome showed a significant decrease in monosaccharides and an increase in the metabolites of energy metabolism. In the age-related change of plasma metabolites, amino acids were significantly increased. The features of age-related changes in the fecal bacteria and metabolites were consistent with those observed in obesity and diabetes studies. Consistently, fecal microbiota transplantation from agedspecific pathogen-free (SPF) mice into young germ-free (GF) mice resulted in increased weight gain and impaired glucose tolerance.
Conclusion: Our findings provide new insights into the relationships between host aging and gut environmental changes and may contribute to the development of a solution to aging-related diseases such as obesity.
Does the Appointment Referral Reform Improve the Efficiency of Health Resource Allocation? -----Evidence Based on Beijing Samples
Authors: Wang Shuyun , Sun Zesheng , Yang Chenyi , Wang Shuhong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The structural congestion of health resources in China is serious. Under the guidance of "Healthy China 2030" development plan, the hierarchical medical reform has been carried out all over the country, with a view to realizing the pattern of hierarchical medical by guiding patients to make initial diagnosis and appointment for referral, thus improving the allocation efficiency of health resources and realizing the sustainable development of health undertakings. In this paper, county-level data were collected, and 16 counties in Beijing were taken as the treated group samples, and 101 counties in Guangzhou and Henan provinces were taken as the control group samples. The supply index(input index),demand index(output index) and efficiency index (input-output ratio) were calculated by entropy weight method, and the policy impact of the hierarchical medical reform on the allocation efficiency of health resources was explored by using propensity score matching difference-in-differences method(PSM-DID). The results show that the hierarchical medical reform in Beijing with appointment referral as a breakthrough has significantly improved the number of outpatients and the allocation efficiency of health resources, but it has no significant impact on the input index and output index. It can be seen that appointment referral has some effects on the demand side; The main reason is that the appointment referral optimizes the transfer of local residents between low-level hospitals and high-level hospitals, which has a demand conversion effect and a certain resource optimization effect, and has obvious influence on the urban areas and weak influence on the suburbs; Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of health resource allocation, both demand-side reform and supply-side reform are needed.
Spectral characterizations and integer powers of tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrices
Authors: Solary Maryam Shams , SERRA-CAPIZZANO STEFANO 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this note, we consider real nonsymmetric tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrices $\bold{B}_n$. First we give the asymptotic spectral and singular value distribution of the whole matrix-sequence $\{\bold{B}_n\}_n$, which is described via two eigenvalue functions of a $2\times 2$ matrix-valued symbol. In connection with the above findings, we provide a characterization of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of real tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrices $\bold{B}_n$ of even order, thatcan be turned into a numerical effective scheme for the computation of all the entries of $\bold{B}_n^l$, $n$ even and $l$ positive and small compared to $n$. We recall that a corresponding eigenvalue decomposition for odd order tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrices was found previously, while, for even orders, an implicit formula for all the eigenvalues is obtained.
AMS SC 15B05; 15A18; 65F15.
Metformin mediates AMPK/KIF1B signalling pathway to inhibit metastasis in bladder cancer cells
Authors: Wen Tianbin , Huang Fei , Zha Mingyong , Wang Qi , Tang Yong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the inhibitory effect of metformin on metastasis of bladder cancer cells and its potential mechanism.
Methods
The CCK-8 method and RTCAxCELLigence cell function analyzer were used to monitor and evaluate metformin activity changes and migration inhibition of SW780, RT4 and UMUC3. On this basis, Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of AMPKα/P-AMPKα, mTOR, AKT/P-AKT and KIF1B antibodies in bladder cancer cells after adding metformin. In vivo, the metastatic inhibitory effect of metformin on bladder cancer was experimentally assessed by establishing a hematogenous lung metastasis model of bladder cancer in C57BL/6 mice by MB49 cells. Then the expression of AMPKα/P-AMPKα and KIF1B antibodies was again assessed in the tumour tissues of the two groups of mice using Western blotting.
Results
Low concentration of metformin can significantly inhibit the proliferation of SW780 and UMUC3, and a high concentration of metformin can significantly inhibit the proliferation of RT4. The IC50 of the three cells was 26.0 ± 1.4 mM, 32.9 ± 5.3 mM and 20.0 ± 3.4 mM, respectively. The migration of SW780 and UMUC3 was significantly inhibited by metformin when the concentration of metformin was more than 5MM and the time of action was more than 72h (P < 0.05). After adding metformin, P-AMPK was increased in RT4 and UMUC3, and the expression of KIF1B, AKT and mTOR antibodies was decreased. In vivo, The mean time of tumour formation in the metformin group was 34.5 ± 8.3 days, significantly longer than in the control group (24.8 ± 3.7 days, P = 0.035). In addition, the median survival time of mice in the metformin group was 40 days (P = 0.016). Compared with the control group, p-AMPK was up-regulated, and KIF1B was down-regulated in the metformin group.
Conclusions
Metformin can effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SW780 and UMUC3 cells in vitro. Metformin can inhibit the migration of MB49 cells in vivo and increase mice's survival time. The mechanism of inhibiting the migration of UMUC3 in vitro and MB49 in vivo may be mediated by the AMPK pathway, which directly or indirectly inhibits the expression of its downstream KIF1B gene by activating P-AMPK.
Syntactic priming in the classroom: using narratives to prime L2 Arabic speakers
Authors: Alzahrani Alaa , Almalki Hanan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

A robust finding in psycholinguistics is syntactic priming, namely that prior language experience influences subsequent language processing. However, most of the empirical evidence for L2 syntactic priming comes from lab-based experiments, which might not reflect how priming occurs in typical language activities in the L2 classroom. As such, we conducted a classroom-based priming study and exposed 52 L2 Arabic speakers to eight story-reading sessions over two weeks that either included a high proportion of the fronted temporal phrase (TP) strucutre (experimental group) or included no fronted TPs (controls). The effect of L2 proficiency was also investigated. Results revealed that the experimental group did not significantly increase their use of fronted TPs in the immediate posttest or the one-week delayed posttest. Similarly, there was no observed effect for Arabic L2 proficiency on priming. We discuss our findings in light of related priming theories and previous findings. This study highlights the need for more research on syntactic priming via common language tasks in the L2 classroom.
Demographic models predict end-Pleistocene arrival and rapid expansion of pre-agropastoralist humans in Cyprus
Authors: Bradshaw Corey J. A. , Reepmeyer Christian , Saltré Frédérik , Agapiou Athos , Kassianidou Vasiliki , Demesticha Stella , Zomeni Zomenia , Polidorou Miltiadis , Moutsiou Theodora 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The antiquity of human dispersal into Mediterranean islands and ensuing coastal adaptation have remained largely unexplored due to the prevailing assumption that the sea was a barrier to movement, and that islands were hostile environments to early hunter-gatherers (Cherry & Leppard 2018; Leppardet al.2022). Using the latest archaeological data, hindcasted climate projections, and age-structured demographic models, we demonstrate clear evidence for early arrival (14,257 to 13,182 calendar years ago) to Cyprus, and predicted that large groups of people (~ 1,000 to 1,375) arrived in 2–3 main events occurring within < 100 years to ensure low extinction risk. These results indicate that the post-glacial settlement of Cyprus involved only a few large-scale, organised events requiring advanced watercraft technology. Our spatially debiased and Signor-Lipps-corrected estimates indicate rapid settlement of the island within < 200 years, and expansion to a median of 4,000–5,000 people (0.36–0.46 km− 2) in < 11 human generations (< 300 years). Our results do not support the hypothesis of inaccessible and inhospitable islands in the Mediterranean by pre-agropastoralists, agreeing with analogous conclusions for other parts of the world such as the Indo-Pacific (Birdet al.2019; Bradshawet al.2019). Our results also highlight the need to revisit these questions in the Mediterranean and test their validity in light of new technologies, field methods, and data. By applying stochastic models based on both temporally and spatially explicit data for the first time to the Mediterranean region, we are able to place Cyprus and large islands in general as attractive and favourable destinations for palaeolithic peoples.
Characterization of myeloproliferative neoplasms based on genetics only and prognostication of transformation to blast phase
Authors: Meggendorfer Manja , Walter Wencke , Nadarajah Niroshan , Hutter Stephan , Müller Heiko , Haferlach Claudia , Kern Wolfgang , Haferlach Torsten 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a heterogeneous group of clonal disorders characterized by aberrant hematopoietic proliferation and an intrinsic risk of progression to blast phase. The WHO classification 2022 identifies chronic myeloid leukemia and the BCR::ABL1 negative MPNs polycythemia vera, primary myelofibrosis and essential thrombocythemia as individual entities. However, overlaps, borderline findings or transitions between MPN subtypes occur and incomplete clinical data often complicates diagnosis. Through comprehensive genetic characterization, we developed a machine learning model based on 12 genetic markers, which can stratify MPN patients with high accuracy and can be translated into a simple decision tree. Comparing samples at chronic and blast phase revealed, that one third of patients lost their MPN driver-gene mutation, while mutations in splicing and chromatin modifying genes were stable, indicating a shared founder clone of chronic and blast phase with different driver mutations and therefore different progressing capacities. This was further supported by gain of typical de novo AML gene mutations, accompanied by gain of complex karyotypes and RAS pathway gene mutations. Our data suggest to perform a broader genetic screening at diagnosis and also at clinical progress, as driver mutations may change and the MPN driver mutations present at diagnosis may disappear.
Impact of boron in ultraviolet quantum well-based light emitting diodes
Authors: Dhivyasri G. , Manikandan M. , Ajayan J. , Sree S. , Remya R. , Nirmal D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The ByAlxGa1-x–yN system validates promise as a suitable option for fabricating opto-electronic devices like Light-Emitting-Diodes (LEDs) & laser diodes. This study conducts a comparative analysis between two types of LEDs: one with a single quantum well (SQW) composed of AlGaN and another with BAlGaN, containing 1% boron, 22% aluminum, and a 3 nm thickness. These LEDs are designed as AlGaN-based Quantum Well (LED1) and BAlGaN-based Quantum well devices (LED2). Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) Silvaco physical simulator is used to perform simulations and comparisons in terms of both optical and electrical characteristics. The simulations encompass the anode current with respect to anode voltage, luminous power and wall-plug efficiency relative to injection current, and power spectral density concerning wavelength. Remarkably, even with a mere 1% boron content within the quantum well, the LED's performance displays a 2.3% enhancement in power spectral density and a 10% boost in wall-plug efficiency.
Enhancement in the Design of VDMOS for Elimination of Parasitic BJT
Authors: Prasad Madhulika , Sahu Satish Kumar , Parmar Onika 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work provides solution to wipe out the effect of inherent parasitic bipolar junction transistor(BJT) present in the conventional power MOSFET. In this design, source and drain doping is eliminated from the design process using charge plasma technique leading to the removal of parasitic BJT from the device. A vertical metal oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor(VMOS) is proposed employing this technique. It is simulated and compared with the conventional vertical double diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor(VDMOS). In this work, proposed VMOS is also tested with various materials that can be used for plasma formation. When compared to the conventional VDMOS, the proposed VMOS exhibits 54.21% increment in breakdown voltage, 55.03% reduction in ON-resistance and approximately two times of the drain current density.
IPBFS: Inference-aware Pruning with Bayesian Optimization based on Filter Similarity
Authors: Asadpour Mohammad , Aghayengejeh Nazila Pourhaji 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Deep neural networks (DNNs) are significant tools for solving different problems in abundant fields. However, DNNs have large-scale parameters and weight redundancy and require high resources. Therefore, using DNNs is limited to devices such as wearable devices, mobile phones, and other edge devices that do not have enough resources to run. Using neural network pruning techniques, neural network models can be accelerated, and deep neural networks can be deployed on edge devices. However, the presence of filters with similar feature maps in each convolution layer increases redundancy, parameters, and the count of floating-point operations (FLOP) of deep models. In this paper, by combining the filter similarity algorithm and Bayesian optimization, the filters with a high percentage of similarity between their output feature maps and have a trivial effect on the model accuracy are automatically pruned. The proposed method has been applied to VGG16, ResNet20, and ResNet39 models on CIFAR10 and CIFAR100. Based on the best results, the FLOP and the count of parameters of the VGG16-CIFAR10 have decreased by 92.53% and 54.98%, and in the VGG16-CIFAR100 by 92.26% and 55.3%, respectively. Also, in the ResNet20 model, the count of parameters and FLOP operations have decreased by 31.48% and 13.89%, and in the ResNet39 model by 41.07% and 17.87%.
The Influence of Calibrated Equipment on Monitoring and Process Control
Authors: Barradas José 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
These days, where competition between companies is great, it is essential that they hold the most optimized processes possible, ensuring the quality of products and services and reducing operational costs. Thus, the use of tools or methodologies to meet the performance of processes and facilitate the detection of problems to reduce the variability is essential to ensure their competitiveness. The Statistical Process Control, is one of the seven quality tools used to provide information for more effective diagnosis in the prevention and detection of defects and problems in the evaluated processes and, consequently, helping increase productivity and results of the company, avoiding waste, being of greatest importance to guarantee the quality of the company.
In this study, we intend to discuss / evaluate the variability introduced into a process capability study, using control charts, and having on base the use of uncalibrated measurement equipment vs. calibrated measurement equipment.
Binary Integer Reformulations for Adiabatic Quantum Annealing Hardware
Authors: Barr Richard S. , Huskinson Toby 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It has been demonstrated that Binary Integer Programming (BIP) formulations can be reformulated to a corresponding quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem. The reformulation allows for BIPs to run as QUBOs on adiabatic quantum annealing hardware. Current BIP to QUBO reformulation techniques propagate dense QUBO structures that are not ideal for current hardware where quantum bits, and the connections between them, are scarce. We propose a methodology for BIP to QUBO reformulation that results in a sparse QUBO that, when used to embed set-partitioning problems onto a D-Wave Pegasus topology, requires 80% fewer qubits and is embedded is 41 times faster. The same methodology for set-covering problems requires 77% fewer qubits and is embedded 26 times faster. We discuss the limitations of the technique and avenues for future extensions.
Financial conflicts of interest among authors of clinical practice guideline for headache disorders and board-certified neurologists in Japan
Authors: Murayama Anju , Senoo Yuki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aims: To evaluate fraction and size of financial conflicts of interest (COIs) between authors of Clinical Practice Guideline for Headache Disorders (CPGHD) and pharmaceutical companies in Japan.Methods: This retrospective analysis of personal payments data disclosed by pharmaceutical companies examined extents of financial relationships between all CPGHD authors and pharmaceutical companies in Japan. To compare the size and prevalence of payments to CPGHD authors with general neurologists, all neurologists who were board-certified by the Japanese Society of Neurology were also included in this study. Personal payments from pharmaceutical companies to the CPGHD authors and neurologists between 2016 and 2020 were extracted from public database and each pharmaceutical company.Results: Among 57 CPGHD authors, 56 (98.3%) received personal payments totalling $2.7 million from pharmaceutical companies between 2016 and 2020. Median five-year payments were $89,955 for CPGHD authors, while $521 for board-certified neurologists. The CPGHD chairperson and vice chairperson received substantial payments during the guideline development period. Nevertheless, because of less rigorous and transparent COI policy compared to international standard policies, only 10 authors disclosed their financial relationships with the pharmaceutical companies in the guideline.Conclusion: More than 98% of CPGHD authors received much higher personal payments from pharmaceutical companies than those to board-certified neurologists during the guideline development period in Japan. These findings would highlight the urgent need for policy interventions and increased transparency in financial relationships between guideline authors and pharmaceutical industry in Japan.