bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medición de la concentración de ertapenem en el plasma y líquido ascítico mediante UHPLC-MS/MS. Aplicación en pacientes cirróticos con peritonitis bacteriana espontánea
Authors: Rigo-Bonnin Raúl , Amador Alberto , Núñez-Gárate María , Mas-Bosch Virgínia , Padullés Ariadna , Cobo-Sacristán Sara , Castellote José 
Published: November 2023

Resumen

Objetivos
La peritonitis bacteriana espontánea es una complicación frecuente y grave de los pacientes cirróticos con ascitis. Actualmente, los antibióticos carbapenémicos son el tratamiento de elección en pacientes con peritonitis nosocomiales o relacionadas con el sistema sanitario. Pese a ello, los estudios de eficacia del ertapenem en pacientes cirróticos con peritonitis bacteriana espontánea son limitados y la farmacocinética y farmacodinamia de este antibiótico continúa siendo desconocida. Así, el objetivo de este estudio es desarrollar y validar procedimientos de medida basados en la cromatografía líquida de alta y rápida eficacia acoplada a la espectrometría de masas en tándem (UHPLC-MS/MS) para medir las concentraciones de ertapenem en el plasma y en el líquido ascítico.

Métodos
El pretratamiento de las muestras se realiza utilizando una precipitación de proteínas con acetonitrilo. La separación cromatográfica se lleva a cabo en una columna C18 de fase inversa Acquity®-UPLC®-BEHTM (2,1 × 100 mm id, 1,7 µm) utilizando un gradiente no lineal de agua/acetonitrilo que contiene un 0,1 % de ácido fórmico y an un flujo de 0,4 mL/min. El ertapenem y su patrón interno (ertapenem-D4) son detectados mediante espectrometría de masas en tándem en las modalidades de ionización mediante electroespray positiva y de monitorización múltiple de reacción utilizando, como transiciones de masa, 476,2→346,0/432,2 para el ertapenem y 480,2→350,0 para su patrón interno.

Resultados
No se observan interferencias ni contaminación por arrastre significativas. Las imprecisiones, los sesgos relativos absolutos, así como los efectos matriz y recuperaciones normalizadas son ≤14,5 %, ≤9,3 %, (92,8−104,5) % y (98,8−105,8) %, respectivamente. Los procedimientos de medida cromatográficos son lineales entre (0,50−100) mg/L.

Conclusiones
Los procedimientos de medida basados en la UHPLC-MS/MS desarrollados y validados podrían ser de utilidad para realizar estudios farmacocinéticos y farmacodinámicos en sujetos con cirrosis hepática que presentan peritonitis bacteriana espontánea tratados con ertapenem.
Specifications of qPCR based epigenetic immune cell quantification
Authors: Schildknecht Konstantin , Samans Björn , Gussmann Jasmin , Baron Udo , Raschke Eva , Babel Nina , Oppatt Julia , Gellhaus Katharina , Rossello Araceli , Janack Isabell , Olek Sven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Immune monitoring is an important aspect in diagnostics and clinical trials for patients with compromised immune systems. Flow cytometry is the standard method for immune cell counting but faces limitations. Best practice guidelines are available, but lack of standardization complicates compliance with e.g., in vitro diagnostic regulations. Limited sample availability forces immune monitoring to predominantly use population-based reference intervals. Epigenetic qPCR has evolved as alternative with broad applicability and low logistical demands. Analytical performance specifications (APS) have been defined for qPCR in several regulated fields including testing of genetically modified organisms or vector-shedding.

Methods
APS were characterized using five epigenetic qPCR-based assays quantifying CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T, B and NK cells in light of regulatory requirements.

Results
Epigenetic qPCR meets all specifications including bias, variability, linearity, ruggedness and sample stability as suggested by pertinent guidelines and regulations. The assays were subsequently applied to capillary blood from 25 normal donors over a 28-day period. Index of individuality (IoI) and reference change values were determined to evaluate potential diagnostic gains of individual reference intervals. Analysis of the IoI suggests benefits for individual over population-based references. Reference change values (RCVs) show that changes of approx. Fifty percent from prior measurement are suggestive for clinically relevant changes in any of the 5 cell types.

Conclusions
The demonstrated precision, long-term stability and obtained RCVs render epigenetic cell counting a promising tool for immune monitoring in clinical trials and diagnosis.
Optimal Pressure Recovery Using an Ultra-Weak Finite Element Method for the Pressure Poisson Equation and a Least-Squares Approach for the Gradient Equation
Authors: Pacheco Douglas R. Q. , Steinbach Olaf 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Reconstructing the pressure from given flow velocities is a task
arising in various applications, and the standard approach uses the
Navier–Stokes equations to derive a Poisson problem for the pressure p.
That method, however, artificially increases the regularity requirements
on both solution and data. In this context, we propose and analyze two
alternative techniques to determine

p
∈

L
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

{p\in L^{2}(\Omega)}

. The first is an
ultra-weak variational formulation applying integration by parts to shift
all derivatives to the test functions. We present conforming finite element discretizations and prove optimal
convergence of the resulting Galerkin–Petrov method. The second approach
is a least-squares method for the original gradient equation, reformulated
and solved as an artificial Stokes system. To simplify
the incorporation of the given velocity within the right-hand side,
we assume in the derivations that the
velocity field is solenoidal. Yet this assumption is not restrictive,
as we can use non-divergence-free approximations and even
compressible velocities. Numerical experiments confirm
the optimal a priori error estimates for both methods considered.
Current clinical insights into circRNAs and signal transduction in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Basudkar Vivek , Ajgaonkar Saiprasad , Mehta Dilip , Nair Sujit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic kidney disease that occurs in patients with diabetic mellitus. In the United States of America, one in three people with diabetes suffers from DN. Globally, DN occurs in 30%–40% of patients diagnosed with diabetes. Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) are non-coding, closed-loop RNAs that play critical roles in regulating gene expression by sponging microRNAs (miRNAs). Recent studies have implicated circRNAs in the regulation of various diseases including DN. We delineate circRNA biological networks from the evidence gleaned from clinical studies. Further, we elucidate circRNA-associated signal transduction pathways in the pathogenesis of DN. Taken together, this will facilitate the discovery of novel circRNA and/or miRNA biomarkers for diagnostic and/or therapeutic intervention in DN.
Emerging perspectives and contemporary debates: assessing the landscape of online media communication research in Central Asia
Authors: Mammadov Rashad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This review essay offers an exhaustive examination of the multifaceted role of online media within the Central Asian context. Comprising 11 sections, the essay scrutinizes diverse facets of online media’s impact, spanning from its role in political dynamics to its implications for society, governance, national identity, cultural expression, and e-learning. By identifying recurring patterns, spotlighting ongoing debates, and revealing lacunae in extant scholarship, the essay aims to catalyze further research. Serving as an indispensable resource for scholars, policymakers, and those with an interest in the transformative potential of online media in Central Asia, the review underscores the complexity and dynamism inherent in the influence of online media within the region, fostering a more profound appreciation of this rapidly evolving field of study.
Microglia increase CEMIP expression and promote brain metastasis in breast cancer through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Qin Qi , Wang Chaoying , Li Yongfu , Mo Qiuyu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Brain metastasis is the most lethal metastatic site for patients with breast cancer, and the incidence of brain metastasis is increasing every year. Microglia act a pivotal part in promoting the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells in the brain. Therefore, understanding the biological process of brain metastasis in breast cancer is important to improve therapeutic outcomes and prolong the survival of patients.

Materials and Methods
The role of microglia on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer with brain metastasis was verified by immunohistochemistry and the Kaplan–Meier curve. Cell experiments in vitro were used to analyze the effect of microglia on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Knockdown of cell migration-inducing hyaluronan-binding protein (CEMIP) expression and co-culture experiments were carried out to study the mechanism of microglia on the progression of brain metastasis of breast cancer.

Results
We found that microglia may shorten the survival time of patients with breast cancer by regulating the expression of CEMIP in brain metastatic tumors. Co-culture experiments in vitro indicated that microglia enhance the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of brain metastatic breast cancer cells; however, the knockdown of CEMIP expression suppresses this effect. In addition, we also found that CEMIP expression, increased by microglia, activates the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in brain metastatic breast cancer cells, which induces the secretion of CCL2, IL-6, TGF-β, and VEGF. CCL2 recruits microglia to gather around brain metastases, whereas IL-6, TGF-β, and VEGF induce high CEMIP expression, triggering a positive feedback loop between microglia and brain metastatic breast cancer cells.

Conclusions
Our study proposes a possible mechanism of microglia promoting brain metastasis of breast cancer, indicating that both microglia and CEMIP may be valuable therapeutic targets for patients with breast cancer with brain metastasis.
Pulmonary Vein Occlusion Requiring Lobectomy after Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Jagelavičius Žymantas , Baužienė Ana , Jovaišas Vytautas , Janilionis Ričardas 
Published: November 2023

Pulmonary vein stenosis is a potential complication after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. We present an unusual case of this complication that progressed to vein occlusion and required lobectomy and review the literature. A 54-year-old man presented with persistent chest pain, dry cough, and hemoptysis. Seven months before he underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Chest computed tomography showed a narrowing of the left lower pulmonary vein after the procedure. The patient was treated conservatively. On the presentation, a chest computed tomography scan showed total pulmonary vein occlusion. A quantitative ventilation/perfusion scan revealed no perfusion to the left lower lobe. A balloon angioplasty was performed, however unsuccessfully. The left lower lobectomy was performed. Six years after the lobectomy the patient has neither cardiac nor pulmonary symptoms. Pulmonary vein occlusion after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation leading to lung resection is still a possible severe complication.
Hepatic Angiomyolipoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Strelčenko Jekaterina , Kuliavas Justas , Stratilatovas Eugenijus , Dulskas Audrius 
Published: November 2023

Background. Hepatic angiomyolipomas are uncommon non-cancerous mesenchymal tumors that belong to the perivascular epithelioid cell tumour group. Smooth muscle cells, fat cells and blood vessels can be observed in these types of neoplasm. Case presentation. We present the case of a 50-year-old patient. The patient was referred to the National Cancer Institute after an abdominal ultrasound, which incidentally revealed a mass in the liver. A whole body computed tomography scan showed a large liver mass, in the VII/VIII/V/VI segments. Trisegmenthomy of the right liver lobe was performed. Pathological examination revealed a rare, but benign tumour – angiomyolipoma. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 9. Two months following the surgery, the patient has no recurrence or late complications. Conclusion. Hepatic angiomyolipoma is a rare, usually benign tumour with malignant potential. It is can be diagnosed by radiological tests, biopsy or after surgery. The most common treatment is surgical resection.
Kasus dermatosis langka: confluent and reticulated papillomatosis pada seorang anak
Authors: Karmila I Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi , Saputra Herman , Putri Joice Gunawan , Indah Made Sanitca 
Published: November 2023

Background: Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) or Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome is a rare and chronic skin disorder characterized by hyperpigmented and cofluent papules/macules/plaques forming a reticular pattern. The characteristics especially occur in adolescents and young adults. Treatment of CARP is difficult and has not yielded good results. This case describes CARP in a young male patient.
Case: A 6-year-old male complained of brownish spots on his face, hands and feet since 5 years ago. It were initially appeared small without itching or pain. Dermatological exmaniation showed hyperpigmented macules, hyperpigmented plaques, confluent to form a reticular pattern. Dermoscopy examination showed a brownish appearance, homogeneous separated by white striae. Histopathological examination revealed acanthosis down growth, reticulated, mild distribution of lymphocytes and perivascular mast cells in the superficial and mild dermis. The patient was diagnosed with CARP and given intraoral azithromycin 250 mg every 24 hours for 2 weeks and ketoconazole 2% shampoo 3 times a week. Follow-up at week 4 there was no significant improvement.
Conslucion: Incident cases of CARP are rare, so there is no alternative therapy for the management of this disease. In this case, new lesions were found after administration of therapy and the prognosis for the patient was poor.

Latar belakang: Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) atau sindrom Gougerot-Carteaud merupakan suatu kelainan kulit langka dan kronis dengan karakteristik papul/makula/plak hiperpigmentasi konfluen membentuk pola retikuler. Kelainan ini terutama pada remaja dan dewasa muda. Terapi CARP sulit dan belum memberikan hasil yang baik. Kasus ini mendeskripsikan CARP pada seorang anak laki-laki.
Kasus: Seorang anak laki-laki 6 tahun dengan keluhan bercak kecoklatan pada wajah, tangan dan kaki sejak 5 tahun lalu, awalnya muncul kecil, tanpa disertai gatal maupun nyeri. Status dermatologi didapatkan makula hiperpigmentasi, plak hiperpigmentasi, berkonfluens membentuk pola retikuler. Pemeriksaan dermoskopi didapatkan gambaran kecoklatan, homogen dipisahkan oleh striae putih. Pemeriksaan histopatologi didapatkan gambaran acanthosis down growth, reticulated, sebaran ringan limfosit dan sel mast perivascular pada superfisial dan mild dermis. Pasien didiagnosis CARP dan diberi terapi Azitromisin 250 mg tiap 24 jam intraoral selama 2 minggu dan ketokonazol 2% sampo 3 kali seminggu. Follow-up minggu ke-4 tidak terdapat perbaikan signifikan.
Simpulan: Insiden kasus CARP jarang ditemukan sehingga belum terdapat terapi pilihan untuk tatalaksana penyakit ini. Pada kasus ini masih ditemukan muncul lesi baru setelah pemberian terapi dan prognosis pada pasien adalah dubia ad malam.
Hubungan tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan andropause pada guru sekolah menengah atas di Kota Denpasar tahun 2022
Authors: Anak Agung Bagus Putra Indrakusuma  , Yukhi Kurniawan  , I Gusti Ngurah Pramesemara  , I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya  
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Andropause is clinical syndrome due to testosterone levels reduction below normal in the body experienced by elderly men. The level of physical activity is one of the risk factors for andropause. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of physical activity and andropause in high school teachers in Denpasar City.
Methods: This study is an observational analysis with a cross-sectional approach. Andropause was assessed using the ADAM questionnaire consisting of 10 questions. Meanwhile, the level of physical activity assessed using the GPAQ questionnaire consisting of 16 questions. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling.
Results: Total 50 respondents include in this study. As many as 66% of respondents have low levels of physical activity, 26% moderate physical activity, and 4% high physical activity. A total of 32 (64.0%) respondents experienced andropause and 18 (36.0%) did not experience andropause. There was a significant association between low levels of physical activity and andropause (p=0,05). The odds ratio (OR 95%CI) between andropause with low levels of physical activity is 11,14 (1,0 – 124,33).
Conclusion: The lower level of physical activity teachers at Denpasar City Senior High School, the higher risk of experiencing andropause. This research is expected to motivate and educate men to be more aware of andropause and keep physically active.

Pendahuluan: Andropause adalah sindrom klinis akibat penurunan kadar testosteron di bawah normal dalam tubuh yang dialami oleh pria lanjut usia. Tingkat aktivitas fisik menjadi salah satu faktor risiko terhadap andropause. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan andropause pada guru SMA di Kota Denpasar.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan analisis observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Andropause dinilai menggunakan kuesioner ADAM yang terdiri dari 10 buah pertanyaan. Sementara itu, tingkat aktivitas fisik dinilai menggunakan kuesioner GPAQ yang terdiri dari 16 buah pertanyaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling.
Hasil: Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 50 orang. Sebanyak 66% responden memiliki tingkat aktivtas fisik yang rendah, 26% aktivitas fisik sedang, dan 4% aktivitas fisik tinggi. Sebanyak 32 (64,0%) responden mengalami andropause dan 18 (36,0%) tidak mengalami andropause. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat aktivitas fisik rendah dengan andropause (p = 0,05). Adapun nilai odd ratio (OR 95%CI) antara andropause dengan tingkat aktivitas fisik rendah adalah 11,14 (1,0 – 124,33).
Simpulan: Semakin rendah tingkat aktivitas fisik guru di SMA Kota Denpasar, maka semakin tinggi risiko mengalami andropause. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memotivasi dan mengedukasi pria untuk lebih waspada terhadap andropause serta menjaga fisiknya tetap aktif.
The prognostic role of NLR, PLR, and LMR in predicting mortality of COVID-19 patients in a rural area
Authors: Cempakadewi Ade Ajeng , Budihardja Brigitta Marcia , Chundiawan Carissa Cornelia , Badu Apolonia Berenika , Ake Anselmus , Bidani Gusti Ayu Sri 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 has been a challenge worldwide. This infection can manifest in various characteristics, from asymptomatic to severe, leading to mortality. Predictive tools to predict mortality are highly important in better therapeutic strategies. Hematology ratios, including neutrophil, platelet, lymphocyte, and monocyte, have been suggested as a prognostic tool that is widely available. The study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of NLR, PLR, and LMR in predicting COVID-19 patients' mortality in a rural setting.
Methods: Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at Bajawa Regional General Hospital were included in this retrospective cohort study. The patient's medical records from January 2021 to August 2021 were examined. The patients were separated into two groups; in-hospital death and discharged group. The routine blood examination during admission gave NLR, PLR, and LMR results. Data analysis was processed with SPSS 26. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve is used to determine whether NLR, PLR, and LMR may be used as prognostic indicators for hospitalized patients’ outcomes. The area under the curve (AUC) results were used to rate the accuracy.
Results: There were 91 patients in total. NLR, PLR, and LMR, AUCs were 0.689, 0.635, and 0.653, with cut-off values of 4.28, 184.12, and 2.69, respectively. Each indicator’s sensitivity and specificity remained poor. The cut-off value of PLR was the only indicator that had significant differences when compared between the two groups.
Conclusion: NLR, PLR, and LMR performed poor values as predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Hubungan andropause dengan alopesia androgenik pada aparatur sipil negara di Pusat Pemerintahan Kabupaten Badung tahun 2022
Authors: Anak Agung Ayu Ratih Andira Putri  , Yukhi Kurniawan  , I Gusti Ngurah Pramesemara  , I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya  
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Andropause is a collection of clinical symptoms due to a decrease in testosterone levels below normal limits. Androgenic alopecia is baldness caused by the susceptibility of the follicles to androgen hormones. The aims of study is determining the relationship between androgenic alopecia and andropause in civil servants at the Badung Regency Government Center.
Methods: The study design is cross-sectional with descriptive analytic. ADAM questionnaire is used to assessed andropause. Meanwhile, Norwood-Hamilton baldness scale is used to assessed androgenic alopecia.
Results: Respondents in this study amounted to 40 people. A total of 27 (67.5%) positive andropause respondents and 13 respondents (33.5%) negative andropause. Meanwhile, 21 respondents (52.1%) were positive for androgenic alopecia and 19 respondents (47.5%) were negative for androgenic alopecia. There was a significant relationship (p<0.001) between andropause and androgenic alopecia. The odd ratio value (OR 95%CI) between andropause and androgenic alopecia is 34.3 (3.726-313.837).
Conclusion: Andropause has a significant relationship to androgenic alopecia of civil servants at the Badung Regency Government Center.

Pendahuluan: Andropause adalah kumpulan gejala klinis akibat kadar testosteron yang menurun di bawah batas normal. Alopesia androgenik adalah kebotakan yang disebabkan kerentanan folikel terhadap hormon androgen. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis hubungan andropause dengan alopesia androgenik pada aparatur sipil negara di Pusat Pemerintahan Kabupaten Badung.
Metode: Rancangan penelitian adalah cross-sectional dengan deskriptif analitik. Kuesioner ADAM digunakan untuk menilai andropause dinilai. Sedangkan, alopesia androgenik dinilai dengan menggunakan skala kebotakan Norwood-Hamilton.
Hasil: Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 40 orang. Sebanyak 27 (67,5%) responden positif andropause dan 13 responden (33,5%) negatif andropause. Sementara itu, 21 responden (52,1%) positif alopesia androgenik dan 19 responden (47,5%) negatif alopesia androgenik. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (p<0,001) antara andropause dan alopesia androgenik. Adapun nilai odd ratio (OR 95%CI) antara andropause dan alopesia androgenik adalah 34,3 (3,726-313,837).
Simpulan: Andropause memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap alopesia androgenik pada aparatur sipil negara di Pusat Pemerintahan Kabupaten Badung.