bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Content of Personalised Network-Based Case Formulations
Authors: van den Bergh Robin , Olthof Merlijn , Goldbeck Florens , Hegewald Konstantin , Pommerien-Becht Florian , Daniels-Wredenhagen Nora , Weggemans Rianne J. , Scholz Silvia , Daalmans Serena , Otten Roy , Aas Benjamin G. , Lichtwarck-Aschoff Anna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCase formulation is at the heart of personalised care in psychotherapy. Scientific research into case formulations can provide new insights in the heterogeneity of psychopathology which are relevant for advances in personalised psychopathology research and practice. This mixed-methods study examined the content of 483 fully personalised network-based case formulations in psychotherapy in terms of uniqueness (i.e., frequencies of concepts) and commonality (i.e., the presence of common themes over the different case formulations). In a real-world clinical care setting, patients co-created network-based case formulations with their therapist as part of their routine diagnostic process. These case formulations feature concepts that are relevant to individual patients and their current situation. We assessed how often concepts were used by different patients to quantify uniqueness. We applied a bottom-up thematic analysis to identify patient-relevant themes from the concepts. The case formulations of 483 patients diagnosed with mood and/or anxiety disorders contained a total of 4908 interpretable concepts of which 4272 (87%) were completely unique. Through thematic analysis, we identified seven overarching themes in the concepts: autonomy, connectedness, emotions, self-care, identity, self-efficacy, and bodily sensations. Case formulations were highly unique, thereby illustrating the importance of personalised diagnostics. The unique concepts could be grouped under seven overarching themes which seem to encompass basic human needs. Current advancements in personalised diagnostics and assessment should have a broader scope than symptoms alone, and could use the themes identified here as part of a topic list in the generation of (network-based) case formulations.
HYPERCYCLICITY OF OPERATORS THAT $$\lambda$$-COMMUTE WITH THE HARDY BACKWARD SHIFT
Authors: Amouch Mohamed , León-Saavedra Fernando , Rosa M. P. Romero de la 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn operator T acting on a separable complex Banach space $$\mathcal {B}$$
B
is said to be hypercyclic if there exists $$f\in \mathcal {B}$$

f
∈
B

such that the orbit $$\{T^n f:\ n\in \mathbb {N}\}$$

{

T
n

f
:

n
∈
N
}

is dense in $$\mathcal {B}$$
B
. Godefroy and Shapiro (J. Funct. Anal., 98(2):229–269, 1991) characterized those elements, which are hypercyclic, in the commutant of the Hardy backward shift. In this paper, we study some dynamical properties of operators X that $$\lambda$$
λ
-commute with the Hardy backward shift B, that is, $$BX=\lambda XB$$

B
X
=
λ
X
B

.
Performing SiO2-MWCNT/water hybrid nanofluid with differently shaped nanoparticles to enhance first- and second-law features of flow by considering a two-phase approach
Authors: Ekiciler Recep 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe utilization of hybrid nanofluids has gained essential consideration in thermal engineering. Changes in the thermal characteristics of the base fluid are responsible for the improved thermal conductivity brought about by hybrid nanoparticles and their shapes. For this goal, in this paper, the two-phase 60%:40% SiO2-MWCNT/water hybrid nanofluid flow at the Reynolds number range of 3000–10,000 in a square duct is investigated concerning first- and second-law analysis. The turbulent flow regime is modeled using the RNG k–ε turbulence approximation. The hybrid nanofluid is modeled via a mixed model. The parameters used in this study are three different nanoparticle shapes (cylindrical, spherical, and platelet) and nanoparticle volume fractions (0.2%, 0.6%, and 1.0%). The distributions of the Nusselt number, friction factor, entropy generation, exergy destruction, exergy efficiency, temperature, and velocity contours are investigated in detail for the above parameters. It is found that the most significant increases in PEC are seen in hybrid nanofluids with the PC and PP shapes, at 2.27 and 3.24%, respectively. It has been shown that the exergy destruction of hybrid nanofluids with the second nanoparticle forms C and P is 43.90% and 58.74% more than that of a S one when PS-, PC-, and PP-shaped nanoparticles are utilized. The hybrid nanofluid with the PS shape has the highest exergy efficiency, whereas the SP-shaped nanofluid has the lowest.
Do provisioning ecosystem services change along gradients of increasing agricultural production?
Authors: Ahammad Ronju , Tomscha Stephanie A. , Gergel Sarah E. , Baudron Frédéric , Duriaux-Chavarría Jean-Yves , Foli Samson , Gumbo Davidson , Rowland Dominic , van Vianen Josh , Sunderland Terry C. H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Context
Increasing agricultural production shapes the flow of ecosystem services (ES), including provisioning services that support the livelihoods and nutrition of people in tropical developing countries. Although our broad understanding of the social-ecological consequences of agricultural intensification is growing, how it impacts provisioning ES is still unknown.

Objectives
We examined the household use of provisioning ES across a gradient of increasing agricultural production in seven tropical countries (Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Nicaragua and Zambia). We answered two overarching questions: (1) does the use of provisioning ES differ along gradients of agriculture production ranging from zones of subsistence to moderate and to high agriculture production? and (2) are there synergies and/or trade-offs within and among groups of ES within these zones?

Methods
Using structured surveys, we asked 1900 households about their assets, livestock, crops, and collection of forest products. These questions allowed us to assess the number of provisioning ES households used, and whether the ES used are functionally substitutable (i.e., used similarly for nutrition, material, and energy). Finally, we explored synergies and trade-offs among household use of provisioning ES.

Results
As agricultural production increased, provisioning ES declined both in total number and in different functional groups used. We found more severe decreases in ES for relatively poorer households. Within the functional groups of ES, synergistic relationships were more often found than trade-offs in all zones, including significant synergies among livestock products (dairy, eggs, meat) and fruits.

Conclusions
Considering landscape context provides opportunities to enhance synergies among provisioning services for households, supporting resilient food systems and human well-being.
Distributed and explainable GHSOM for anomaly detection in sensor networks
Authors: Mignone Paolo , Corizzo Roberto , Ceci Michelangelo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe identification of anomalous activities is a challenging and crucially important task in sensor networks. This task is becoming increasingly complex with the increasing volume of data generated in real-world domains, and greatly benefits from the use of predictive models to identify anomalies in real time. A key use case for this task is the identification of misbehavior that may be caused by involuntary faults or deliberate actions. However, currently adopted anomaly detection methods are often affected by limitations such as the inability to analyze large-scale data, a reduced effectiveness when data presents multiple densities, a strong dependence on user-defined threshold configurations, and a lack of explainability in the extracted predictions. In this paper, we propose a distributed deep learning method that extends growing hierarchical self-organizing maps, originally designed for clustering tasks, to address anomaly detection tasks. The SOM-based modeling capabilities of the method enable the analysis of data with multiple densities, by exploiting multiple SOMs organized as a hierarchy. Our map-reduce implementation under Apache Spark allows the method to process and analyze large-scale sensor network data. An automatic threshold-tuning strategy reduces user efforts and increases the robustness of the method with respect to noisy instances. Moreover, an explainability component resorting to instance-based feature ranking emphasizes the most salient features influencing the decisions of the anomaly detection model, supporting users in their understanding of raised alerts. Experiments are conducted on five real-world sensor network datasets, including wind and photovoltaic energy production, vehicular traffic, and pedestrian flows. Our results show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art anomaly detection competitors. Furthermore, a scalability analysis reveals that the method is able to scale linearly as the data volume presented increases, leveraging multiple worker nodes in a distributed computing setting. Qualitative analyses on the level of anomalous pollen in the air further emphasize the effectiveness of our proposed method, and its potential in determining the level of danger in raised alerts.
A chromosome arm from Thinopyrum intermedium × Thinopyrum ponticum hybrid confers increased tillering and yield potential in wheat
Authors: Türkösi Edina , Szakács Éva , Ivanizs László , Farkas András , Gaál Eszter , Said Mahmoud , Darkó Éva , Cséplő Mónika , Mikó Péter , Doležel Jaroslav , Molnár-Láng Márta , Molnár István , Kruppa Klaudia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTiller number is a key component of wheat plant architecture having a direct impact on grain yield. Because of their viability, biotic resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance, wild relative species are a valuable gene source for increasing wheat genetic diversity, including yield potential. Agropyron glael, a perennial hybrid of Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum, was created in the 1930s. Recent genome analyses identified five evolutionarily distinct subgenomes (J, Jst, Jvs, Jr, and St), making A. glael an important gene source for transferring useful agronomical traits into wheat. During a bread wheat × A. glael crossing program, a genetically stable translocation line, WT153397, was developed. Sequential in situ hybridizations (McGISH) with J-, St-, and D-genomic DNA probes and pSc119.2, Afa family, pTa71, and (GAA)7 DNA repeats, as well as molecular markers specific for the wheat 6D chromosome, revealed the presence of a 6DS.6Jvs Robertsonian translocation in the genetic line. Field trials in low-input and high-input breeding nurseries over four growing seasons demonstrated the Agropyron chromosome arm’s high compensating ability for the missing 6DL, as spike morphology and fertility of WT153397 did not differ significantly from those of wheat parents, Mv9kr1 and ‘Mv Karizma.’ Moreover, the introgressed 6Jvs chromosome arm significantly increased the number of productive tillers, resulting in a significantly higher grain yield potential compared to the parental wheat cultivars. The translocated chromosome could be highly purified by flow cytometric sorting due to the intense fluorescent labeling of (GAA)7 clusters on the Thinopyrum chromosome arm, providing an opportunity to use chromosome genomics to identify Agropyron gene variant(s) responsible for the tillering capacity. The translocation line WT153397 is an important genetic stock for functional genetic studies of tiller formation and useful breeding material for increasing wheat yield potential. The study also discusses the use of the translocation line in wheat breeding.
Breeding for durable resistance against biotrophic fungal pathogens using transgenes from wheat
Authors: Camenzind Marcela , Koller Teresa , Armbruster Cygni , Jung Esther , Brunner Susanne , Herren Gerhard , Keller Beat 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBreeding for resistant crops is a sustainable way to control disease and relies on the introduction of novel resistance genes. Here, we tested three strategies on how to use transgenes from wheat to achieve durable resistance against fungal pathogens in the field. First, we tested the highly effective, overexpressed single transgene Pm3e in the background of spring wheat cultivar Bobwhite in a long-term field trial over many years. Together with previous results, this revealed that transgenic wheat line Pm3e#2 conferred complete powdery mildew resistance during a total of nine field seasons without a negative impact on yield. Furthermore, overexpressed Pm3e provided resistance to powdery mildew isolates from our worldwide collection when crossed into the elite wheat cultivar Fiorina. Second, we pyramided the four overexpressed transgenes Pm3a, Pm3b, Pm3d, and Pm3f in the background of cultivar Bobwhite and showed that the pyramided line Pm3a,b,d,f was completely resistant to powdery mildew in five field seasons. Third, we performed field trials with three barley lines expressing adult plant resistance gene Lr34 from wheat during three field seasons. Line GLP8 expressed Lr34 under control of the pathogen-inducible Hv-Ger4c promoter and provided partial barley powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance in the field with small, negative effects on yield components which might need compensatory breeding. Overall, our study demonstrates and discusses three successful strategies for achieving fungal disease resistance of wheat and barley in the field using transgenes from wheat. These strategies might confer long-term resistance if applied in a sustainable way.
Navigating the landscape of concept-supported XAI: Challenges, innovations, and future directions
Authors: Shams Khoozani Zahra , Sabri Aznul Qalid Md , Seng Woo Chaw , Seera Manjeevan , Eg Kah Yee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis comprehensive review of concept-supported interpretation methods in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) navigates the multifaceted landscape. As machine learning models become more complex, there is a greater need for interpretation methods that deconstruct their decision-making processes. Traditional interpretation techniques frequently emphasise lower-level attributes, resulting in a schism between complex algorithms and human cognition. To bridge this gap, our research focuses on concept-supported XAI, a new line of research in XAI that emphasises higher-level attributes or 'concepts' that are more aligned with end-user understanding and needs. We provide a thorough examination of over twenty-five seminal works, highlighting their respective strengths and weaknesses. A comprehensive list of available concept datasets, as opposed to training datasets, is presented, along with a discussion of sufficiency metrics and the importance of robust evaluation methods. In addition, we identify six key factors that influence the efficacy of concept-supported interpretation: network architecture, network settings, training protocols, concept datasets, the presence of confounding attributes, and standardised evaluation methodology. We also investigate the robustness of these concept-supported methods, emphasising their potential to significantly advance the field by addressing issues like misgeneralization, information overload, trustworthiness, effective human-AI communication, and ethical concerns. The paper concludes with an exploration of open challenges such as the development of automatic concept discovery methods, strategies for expert-AI integration, optimising primary and concept model settings, managing confounding attributes, and designing efficient evaluation processes.
Direct evidentiality and discourse in Southern Aymara
Authors: Martínez Vera Gabriel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses the discourse contrasts that arise in connection to direct evidentiality in Southern Aymara (henceforth, Aymara), an understudied Andean language. Aymara has two direct evidentials, the enclitic=waand the covert morpheme-∅, which are used whenever the speaker has the best possible grounds for some proposition. I make the novel observation that a sentence with=wacan be felicitously uttered if the speaker attempts to update the common ground by addressing an issue on the table. In fact, the sentence with=wathat is uttered must be congruent with prior discourse; I tie this to the claim that=wais a (presentational) focus marker (Proulx in Language Sciences 9(1):91–102, 1987). This paper thus claims that=wais a marker that combines evidentiality and focus. In contrast, uttering a sentence with-∅ entails that the speaker’s contribution is already in the common ground, which likens this evidential to common ground management operators—there is no congruence requirement in this case. I identify which construction can be used in different discourse settings (conversation openers and telling anecdotes). I implement a formal analysis based on Farkas and Bruce (Journal of Semantics 27:81–118, 2010) and Faller (Semantics and Pragmatics 12(8):1–53, 2019) that links evidentiality and discourse.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection of trace metal contents of children cosmetics
Authors: Kopru Semiha , Soylak Mustafa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConsumption of cosmetic products in daily life in order to improve skin quality or appearance is becoming quite common. Over time, it may expose consumers to skin problems and effects caused by the absorption of chemical elements. Clean cosmetic production is important for our health. However, heavy metals can be found as impurities in raw materials or as by-products of the cosmetic production process. Women's ingestion and exposure to organic and inorganic contaminants in cosmetics through dermal absorption, due to reasons such as personal habits and characteristics of the living environment, may contribute to carcinogenic risks following daily dietary exposure. NCS ZC 81002b (Human Hair) was performed as a certified reference material in method validation. This work was conducted to evaluate element concentrations of selected elements (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Hg, Cd and Pb) in 3 different brands of children's cosmetic products such as bright and colorful 22 eye shadows (7 different colour) 4 lipsticks (3 different colour) and 4 nail polishes (3 different colour) used by children in Turkey. The sample solutions were analyzed with the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique after the microwave digestion system. Consequently, the highest concentration of Al used as pigment was found in the eye shadow, lipstick and nail polish samples for the 3 brands, while the Se concentrations were the lowest in lipstick samples. The results of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, which are restricted or banned for use in cosmetic products in most countries, are below the limits set by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Health Canada Product Safety Laboratory (PSL).
Attention, moral skill, and algorithmic recommendation
Authors: Schuster Nick , Lazar Seth 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recommender systems are artificial intelligence technologies, deployed by online platforms, that model our individual preferences and direct our attention to content we’re likely to engage with. As the digital world has become increasingly saturated with information, we’ve become ever more reliant on these tools to efficiently allocate our attention. And our reliance on algorithmic recommendation may, in turn, reshape us as moral agents. While recommender systems could in principle enhance our moral agency by enabling us to cut through the information saturation of the internet and focus on things that matter, as they’re currently designed and implemented they’re apt to interfere with our ability to attend appropriately to morally relevant factors. In order to analyze the distinctive moral problems algorithmic recommendation poses, we develop a framework for the ethics of attention and an account of judicious attention allocation as a moral skill. We then discuss empirical evidence suggesting that attentional moral skill can be thwarted and undermined in various ways by algorithmic recommendation and related affordances of online platforms, as well as economic and technical considerations that support this concern. Finally, we consider how emerging technologies might overcome the problems we identify.
Ground by Status
Authors: Vogt Lisa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhat is the explanatory role of ‘status-truths’ such as essence-truths, necessity-truths and law-truths? A plausible principle, suggested by various authors, is Ground by Status, according to which status truths ground their prejacents. For instance, if it is essential to a that p, then this grounds the fact that p. But Ground by Status faces a forceful objection: it is inconsistent with widely accepted principles regarding the logic of grounding (Glazier in Philos Stud 174(11):2871–2889, 2017a, Synthese 174(198):1409–1424, 2017b; Kappes in Synthese 199(1–2):2575–2595, 2020, Philos Stud 178(4):1267–1284, 2021). I defend Ground by Status against this objection.
The impact of gender inclusion on the profits of global public tourism companies
Authors: De la Torre-Torres Oscar V. , Bollain-Parra Leticia , Álvarez-García José , Galeana-Figueroa Evaristo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present paper tests the impact of women’s inclusion and general equity market sentiment on Global tourism companies’ return on equity (ROE). With data panel regressions of the historical ROE data of the members of Refinitiv Global Hotel, we estimated several models that used the leverage and market capitalization, sentiment indexes (such as Economic Policy news, geopolitical news, pandemic news, currency market, commodity market or social media uncertainties) and the level of inclusion measured with the percentage of women in the board of directors, the percentage of women top managers or the percentage of women in the company. Our results suggest that there is only an inverse relationship between top management inclusion and ROE in leisure and recreation companies. From a geographical perspective, this negative relationship holds only in Asia, Europe, and Northern America. In Australasia (Australia), there is a positive relationship between top management inclusion and ROE. As expected, the company size has a direct and significant relationship with ROE, and the leverage is negative. Also, only the pandemic news fear harms profits due to sales reduction, management decisions due to fear, or cost increase. Our results align with the position that women’s inclusion has a weak impact on profits, suggesting more women inclusion without return loss in the company. Also, they contribute to the discussion that women’s management is more conservative and is exposed to a crystal cliff once they overcome a crystal roof in the company.
Unprofitable Cartels: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in the UK
Authors: Symeonidis George 
Published: January 2024

AbstractI analyse the effect of collusion on profitability with the use of evidence from a natural experiment of policy reform: the introduction of anti-cartel legislation in the UK in the late 1950s. This caused an intensification of price competition in previously collusive industries but did not affect industries that had not been collusive. Three main results are established: First, a comparison of the two groups of industries shows that the breakdown of collusion had no significant overall effect on profitability in the long run—although it had a strong negative effect on firm numbers. Second, the larger was the decrease in firm numbers, the smaller was the decline of profitability in previously collusive industries; however, no such correlation exists in industries that were not affected by the cartel law. Third, most cartels did not restrict entry; but in industries where entry had been restricted, profitability rather than firm numbers decreased when collusion broke down. These results are consistent with theories that emphasise the role of entry conditions for profitability: Cartels are often unprofitable because of entry even when collusion is effective.