bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platinum and microspherule peaks as chronostratigraphic markers for onset of the Younger Dryas at Wakulla Springs, Florida
Authors: Moore Christopher R. , Brooks Mark J. , Dunbar James S. , Hemmings C. Andrew , Langworthy Kurt A. , West Allen , LeCompte Malcolm A. , Adedeji Victor , Kennett James P. , Feathers James K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnomalous peak abundances of platinum and Fe-rich microspherules with high-temperature minerals have previously been demonstrated to be a chronostratigraphic marker for the lower Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) dating to 12.8 ka. This study used Bayesian analyses to test this hypothesis in multiple sequences (units) of sandy, weakly stratified sediments at Wakulla Springs, Florida. Our investigations included platinum geochemistry, granulometry, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, and culturally dated lithics. In addition, sediments were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy to investigate dendritic, iron-rich microspherules previously identified elsewhere in peak abundances at the onset of the Younger Dryas (YD) cool climatic episode. Our work has revealed this abundance peak in platinum and dendritic spherules in five sediment sequences at Wakulla Springs. A YDB age of ~ 12.8 ka for the platinum and spherule chronostratigraphic datum in these Wakulla Springs sequences is consistent with the archaeological data and OSL dating. This study confirms the utility of this YDB datum layer for intersequence correlation and for assessing relative ages of Paleoamerican artifacts, including those of likely Clovis, pre-Clovis, and post-Clovis age and their possible responses to environmental changes known to have occurred during the Younger Dryas cool climatic episode.
Quantification of fatty acids in seed oil and important bioactive compounds in Iranian Rosa canina L. ecotypes for potential cosmetic and medicinal uses
Authors: Bakhtiar Ziba , Eghlima Ghasem , Hatami Mehrnaz , Mirjalili Mohammad Hossein 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRosa canina L. (Rosaceae), commonly known as the rose hip, is originated from Europe, Africa, and Asia with a long history in medicinal applications. This study aimed to analyze the morphological traits, fatty acids profile, and content of phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, vitamin C, total carotenoid, total phenol, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of the fruits of eleven Iranian R. canina ecotypes (RCEs). The highest coefficient of variation was obtained in 1000 seed weight (46.57%). The seed oil varied from 8.08 ± 0.17% to 16.91 ± 0.35%. Linoleic (35.41 ± 0.78% to 49.59 ± 0.96%) and eicosanoic (17.67 ± 0.06% to 25.36 ± 0.54%) acids were the predominant fatty acids in the studied samples. The anthocyanin content in the fruits was ranged from 0.98 ± 0.03 to 4.41 ± 0.04 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside/100 g of dry weight (mg C3G/100 g DW). The high content of vitamin C (103.51 ± 1.24–419.70 ± 3.12 mg/100 g DW), total carotenoid (111.22 ± 0.78–206.98 ± 1.25 mg β-carotene equivalents per g of dry weight (mg β-CARE/g DW)), total phenol (52.87 ± 0.82–104.52 ± 0.23 mg GAE/g DW), and total flavonoid (14.20 ± 0.12–25.18 ± 0.47 mg RE/g DW) were observed in the studied samples. Catechin (20.42 ± 0.47–19.22 ± 0.13 µg/g DW) was the major phenolic compound. The high antioxidant activity in the fruits of the plant was recorded in the studied RCEs (IC50 = 12.54 ± 0.18–26.33 ± 0.13 μg/ml). A significant correlation between some phytochemical compounds (dependent variable) and morphological features (independent variable) was found. Based on our findings, the fruit of the studied ecotypes can be used for future breeding programs and drug development.
Future changes in Antarctic coastal polynyas and bottom water formation simulated by a high-resolution coupled model
Authors: Jeong Hyein , Lee Sun-Seon , Park Hyo-Seok , Stewart Andrew L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAntarctic coastal polynyas produce Dense Shelf Water, a precursor to Antarctic Bottom Waters that supply the global abyssal circulation. Future projections of Dense Shelf Water formation are hindered by unresolved small-scale atmosphere-sea ice-ocean interactions in polynyas. Here, we investigate the future evolution of Antarctic coastal polynyas using a high-resolution ocean-ice-atmosphere model. We find that wintertime sea ice production rates remain active even under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Antarctic winter sea ice production rates are sensitive to atmospheric CO2 concentrations: doubling CO2 (734 ppm) decreases sea ice production by only 6–8%, versus 10–30% under CO2 quadrupling (1468 ppm). While considerable uncertainty remains in future ice-shelf basal melting, which is not accounted for in this study, doubling or quadrupling CO2 substantially freshens Dense Shelf Water due to increased precipitation. Consequently, doubling CO2 weakens Dense Shelf Water formation by ~ 75%, while CO2 quadrupling shuts down Dense Shelf Water formation.
Large-scale deep learning analysis to identify adult patients at risk for combined and common variable immunodeficiencies
Authors: Papanastasiou Giorgos , Yang Guang , Fotiadis Dimitris I. , Dikaios Nikolaos , Wang Chengjia , Huda Ahsan , Sobolevsky Luba , Raasch Jason , Perez Elena , Sidhu Gurinder , Palumbo Donna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary immunodeficiency (PI) is a group of heterogeneous disorders resulting from immune system defects. Over 70% of PI is undiagnosed, leading to increased mortality, co-morbidity and healthcare costs. Among PI disorders, combined immunodeficiencies (CID) are characterized by complex immune defects. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is among the most common types of PI. In light of available treatments, it is critical to identify adult patients at risk for CID and CVID, before the development of serious morbidity and mortality.

Methods
We developed a deep learning-based method (named “TabMLPNet”) to analyze clinical history from nationally representative medical claims from electronic health records (Optum® data, covering all US), evaluated in the setting of identifying CID/CVID in adults. Further, we revealed the most important CID/CVID-associated antecedent phenotype combinations. Four large cohorts were generated: a total of 47,660 PI cases and (1:1 matched) controls.

Results
The sensitivity/specificity of TabMLPNet modeling ranges from 0.82-0.88/0.82-0.85 across cohorts. Distinctive combinations of antecedent phenotypes associated with CID/CVID are identified, consisting of respiratory infections/conditions, genetic anomalies, cardiac defects, autoimmune diseases, blood disorders and malignancies, which can possibly be useful to systematize the identification of CID and CVID.

Conclusions
We demonstrated an accurate method in terms of CID and CVID detection evaluated on large-scale medical claims data. Our predictive scheme can potentially lead to the development of new clinical insights and expanded guidelines for identification of adult patients at risk for CID and CVID as well as be used to improve patient outcomes on population level.
Ultrathin quasi-2D amorphous carbon dielectric prepared from solution precursor for nanoelectronics
Authors: An Fufei , Wang Congjun , Pham Viet Hung , Borisevich Albina , Qian Jiangchao , Yin Kaijun , Pidaparthy Saran , Robinson Brian , Chou Ang-Sheng , Lee Junseok , Weidman Jennifer , Natesakhawat Sittichai , Wang Han , Schleife André , Zuo Jian-Min , Matranga Christopher , Cao Qing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMaterials keeping thickness in atomic scale but extending primarily in lateral dimensions offer properties attractive for many emerging applications. However, compared to crystalline counterparts, synthesis of atomically thin films in the highly disordered amorphous form, which avoids nonuniformity and defects associated with grain boundaries, is challenging due to their metastable nature. Here we present a scalable and solution-based strategy to prepare large-area, freestanding quasi-2D amorphous carbon nanomembranes with predominant sp2 bonding and thickness down to 1–2 atomic layers, from coal-derived carbon dots as precursors. These atomically thin amorphous carbon films are mechanically strong with modulus of 400 ± 100 GPa and demonstrate robust dielectric properties with high dielectric strength above 20 MV cm−1 and low leakage current density below 10−4 A cm−2 through a scaled thickness of three-atomic layers. They can be implemented as solution-deposited ultrathin gate dielectrics in transistors or ion-transport media in memristors, enabling exceptional device performance and spatiotemporal uniformity.
Integrating equity-focused planning into coral bleaching management
Authors: González-Espinosa Pedro C. , Bossier Sieme , Singh Gerald G. , Cisneros-Montemayor Andrés M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoral bleaching, associated with warm water temperatures of the oceans, represents the most significant threat to coral reef ecosystems and coastal communities regarding climate change. Coral bleaching prediction models have emerged as essential tools in conservation and policy-making. However, the effectiveness of these models as an equity-focused science-policy nexus remains uncertain when local human community perspectives are disregarded. This paper presents an equity-focused framework for coral bleaching prediction and response, integrating local goals and contexts. We discuss the equity gaps during coral bleaching assessments while emphasizing the importance of early warning systems in promoting and facilitating more accurate reporting of bleaching episodes. Additionally, this research also highlights the complex but inherent interactions of multiple drivers, underscoring the need for cautious and socially inclusive strategies for climate adaptation. This perspective paper advocates for an equitable approach in science-policy networks to support the preservation of coral reefs while safeguarding the well-being of reef-related coastal communities.
Replication of population-level differences in auditory-motor synchronization ability in a Norwegian-speaking population
Authors: Sjuls Guro S. , Vulchanova Mila D. , Assaneo M. Florencia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Speech-to-Speech Synchronization test is a powerful tool in assessing individuals’ auditory-motor synchronization ability, namely the ability to synchronize one’s own utterances to the rhythm of an external speech signal. Recent studies using the test have revealed that participants fall into two distinct groups—high synchronizers and low synchronizers—with significant differences in their neural (structural and functional) underpinnings and outcomes on several behavioral tasks. Therefore, it is critical to assess the universality of the population-level distribution (indicating two groups rather than a normal distribution) across populations of speakers. Here we demonstrate that the previous results replicate with a Norwegian-speaking population, indicating that the test is generalizable beyond previously tested populations of native English- and German-speakers.
Activation of goblet-cell stress sensor IRE1β is controlled by the mucin chaperone AGR2
Authors: Cloots Eva , Guilbert Phaedra , Provost Mathias , Neidhardt Lisa , Van de Velde Evelien , Fayazpour Farzaneh , De Sutter Delphine , Savvides Savvas N , Eyckerman Sven , Janssens Sophie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntestinal goblet cells are secretory cells specialized in the production of mucins, and as such are challenged by the need for efficient protein folding. Goblet cells express Inositol-Requiring Enzyme-1β (IRE1β), a unique sensor in the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is part of an adaptive mechanism that regulates the demands of mucin production and secretion. However, how IRE1β activity is tuned to mucus folding load remains unknown. We identified the disulfide isomerase and mucin chaperone AGR2 as a goblet cell-specific protein that crucially regulates IRE1β-, but not IRE1α-mediated signaling. AGR2 binding to IRE1β disrupts IRE1β oligomerization, thereby blocking its downstream endonuclease activity. Depletion of endogenous AGR2 from goblet cells induces spontaneous IRE1β activation, suggesting that alterations in AGR2 availability in the endoplasmic reticulum set the threshold for IRE1β activation. We found that AGR2 mutants lacking their catalytic cysteine, or displaying the disease-associated mutation H117Y, were no longer able to dampen IRE1β activity. Collectively, these results demonstrate that AGR2 is a central chaperone regulating the goblet cell UPR by acting as a rheostat of IRE1β endonuclease activity.
Unveiling practical considerations for reliable and standardized SERS measurements: lessons from a comprehensive review of oblique angle deposition-fabricated silver nanorod array substrates
Authors: Zhao Yiping , Kumar Amit , Yang Yanjun 
Published: December 2023

Uncover the SERS secrets for silver nanorod substrates: to illustrate insights of growth, mechanisms, optimization, quality, storage, measurement, device, and manufacturing; address practical issues; and unlock potential for different applications.
Spatial feature embedding for robust visual object tracking
Authors: Liu Kang , Liu Long , Yang Shangqi , Fu Zhihao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecently, the offline‐trained Siamese pipeline has drawn wide attention due to its outstanding tracking performance. However, the existing Siamese trackers utilise offline training to extract ‘universal’ features, which is insufficient to effectively distinguish between the target and fluctuating interference in embedding the information of the two branches, leading to inaccurate classification and localisation. In addition, the Siamese trackers employ a pre‐defined scale for cropping the search candidate region based on the previous frame's result, which might easily introduce redundant background noise (clutter, similar objects etc.), affecting the tracker's robustness. To solve these problems, the authors propose two novel sub‐network spatial employed to spatial feature embedding for robust object tracking. Specifically, the proposed spatial remapping (SRM) network enhances the feature discrepancy between target and distractor categories by online remapping, and improves the discriminant ability of the tracker on the embedding space. The MAML is used to optimise the SRM network to ensure its adaptability to complex tracking scenarios. Moreover, a temporal information proposal‐guided (TPG) network that utilises a GRU model to dynamically predict the search scale based on temporal motion states to reduce potential background interference is introduced. The proposed two network is integrated into two popular trackers, namely SiamFC++ and TransT, which achieve superior performance on six challenging benchmarks, including OTB100, VOT2019, UAV123, GOT10K, TrackingNet and LaSOT, TrackingNet and LaSOT denoting them as SiamSRMC and SiamSRMT, respectively. Moreover, the proposed trackers obtain competitive tracking performance compared with the state‐of‐the‐art trackers in the attribute of background clutter and similar object, validating the effectiveness of our method.
A parallel input parallel output current fed front end DC‐DC converter‐based solid state transformer utilised in grid connected mode PV applications
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Agarwal Pramod 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe presented work operated a PIPO Current fed front end converter‐based solid‐state transformer (SST) for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and voltage boost operation in medium power range PV applications. The proposed system employed the perturb and observe (P&O)‐based MPPT technique and upheld the ZVS and ZCS operations of all primary side switches and secondary side rectifier diodes, respectively. The proposed system introduced a new fundamental extractor titled ‘Pre‐filter double fundamental signal extractor (DFSE) based multi‐layered DFSE (p‐DFSE‐MDFSE)’ and utilised it in the grid controller for synchronisation and harmonics mitigation operation. The primary goal was to achieve a compact size, reduced weight and cheaper magnetic component‐based front‐end converter of SST on the PV array side and a fast, secure and trustworthy mitigation control of current harmonics on the utility grid side. The proposed system was inspected on the OPAL‐RT (RT‐LABv2021.3.2.307) platform for various grid anomalies, and its conduct was found to be well within the IEEE 519 norms.
Multiband circularly polarised CubeSat antenna operating in S, C, X, Ku, K, and Ka bands
Authors: Elkady Hesham M. , Abdullah Haythem H. , Darwish Saad M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA novel design of a high‐frequency multiband with a circular polarisation antenna based on a four‐patch antenna system consolidated with an Archimedean spiral antenna for CubeSat applications. The geometry and size are compatible with the CubeSat standard structure dimensions of 10 × 10 cm2. The antenna consists of a spiral antenna in the middle of four patch antennas surrounding it; the first antenna structure consists of two sets of two orthogonal identical patch antennas with a 90° phase shift to cover the band from 1.55 to 1.94 GHz at L‐band, 2, 2.1, and 2.3 GHz at S‐band, the second antenna is an Archimedean spiral antenna to cover all C‐bands, all X‐bands, all Ku‐bands, all K‐bands, and from 26 to 29 GHz at Ka‐band. The measured results show that the reflection coefficients (S11) and (S22) achieve < −10 dB and the axial ratio achieves <3 dB, with a reference impedance of 50 Ω. The simulated and the measured results give a better agreement.
Biopolymer‐based nanoparticles as promising candidate for inducing apoptosis in liver cancer cells
Authors: Hoseinzadeh Mahsa , Mokhtari Mohammad Javad , Kafilzadeh Farshid , Mohammadnejad Javad , Taheri Yaghoob 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLiver cancer is one of the most common causes of death all around the globe. On the other hand, conventional modalities, such as chemotherapy and surgery, have not been effectively suppressed cancer incidence due to some deficiencies. As a result, a novel folic acid (FA)‐decorated poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA)‐Alginate (Alg) nanocarrier was efficiently developed for active doxorubicin (Dox) delivery to human HepG2 liver cancer cells. The in vitro assays, including cell viability assay (MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test), apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and cellular uptake, were applied to evaluate the cancer cell growth suppression and apoptosis‐inducing ability of the nanocarrier. More than 85% cytotoxicity was attained after 24 h of treatment with 400‐nM concentration of FA‐PLGA‐Dox‐Alg. More than 21% and 61% apoptosis were observed after 24 h of treatment with 100‐nM concentrations of FA‐PLGA‐Dox‐Alg in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest assays. The cellular uptake of the FA‐PLGA‐Alg nanocarrier was about 30% higher than that of the PLGA‐Alg carrier which indicated the cancer cell targeting ability of the FA‐PLGA‐Alg sample. These results have indicated the potential capability of FA‐PLGA‐Dox‐Alg in the inhibition of liver cancer cells.
Quantum intelligence in medicine: Empowering thyroid disease prediction through advanced machine learning
Authors: Sha Mohemmed 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe medical information system is rich in datasets, but no intelligent systems can easily analyse the disease. Recently, ML (Machine Learning)‐based algorithms have acted as a handy diagnostic tool to identify whether a person is affected by thyroid or not. However, they produced classification with low accuracy and led to misclassification. Hence, the proposed system combines quantum computing with ML techniques to enhance computational power and precision. The system employs modified QPSO (Quantum Particle Swarm Optimisation) for feature selection since its searching performance is better than that of conventional PSO for selecting the optimum global position of the particle, thus selecting the relevant feature. Whereas, the QSVM (Quantum Support Vector Machine) is implemented for more accurate classification than classical SVM, as it tends to capture complex patterns in data produced due to high dimensional feature space applied by quantum kernel functions. This combination of modified QPSO and QSVM tends to increase the performance accuracy significantly. The efficiency of the proposed model is measured based on derivative parameters, such as F‐1‐score, recall, precision and accuracy, with corresponding confusion matrix and ROC. Further, the classification is compared with other traditional approaches to predict the accuracy of the proposed model with traditional methods.
Long baseline bistatic radar imaging of tumbling space objects for enhancing space domain awareness
Authors: Serrano Alexander , Kobsa Alexander , Uysal Faruk , Cerutti‐Maori Delphine , Ghio Selenia , Kintz Andrew , Morrison Robert L. , Welch Sarah , van Dorp Philip , Hogan Gregory , Garrington Simon , Bassa Cees , Saunders Chris , Martorella Marco , Caro Cuenca Miguel , Lowe Isaac 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLong baseline bistatic radar systems herald enhanced sensitivity and metric accuracy for space objects in geosynchronous orbits and beyond. Radio telescopes are ideal participants in such a system; in particular, they often feature large apertures with low‐noise temperatures and have stable, synchronised clocks. Pairing radio telescopes with high‐power radars creates new methodologies for Space Domain Awareness. This paper describes long baseline bistatic measurements using the Millstone Hill Radar in the USA, the Tracking and Imaging Radar in Germany, multiple receivers of the enhanced multi‐element remotely linked interferometer network array in the United Kingdom, and the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope in the Netherlands. The authors, a Research Task Group formed by the NATO Science and Technology Organisation Sensors and Electronic Technology Panel (SET‐293), performed novel bistatic and monostatic radar imaging experiments with real on‐orbit tumbling rocket bodies. These experiments on tumbling objects at near‐geosynchronous orbits highlight successful demonstrations of advanced bistatic Doppler characterisation across diverse imaging geometries. Specialised Doppler processing on tumbling targets, such as the Doppler superpulse algorithm, enables high‐fidelity rotation period estimation and determination of minimum target size.
Medium term load forecasting using fuzzy logic approach: A case study of Taroudannt province
Authors: Stitou Hicham , Atillah Mohamed Amine , Boudaoud Abdelghani , Mounaim Aqil 
Published: December 2023

Increasing energy efficiency and reliability of power grids is becoming an essential part of grid energy management. Accurately predicting load demand is one of the most important responsibilities of any power utility.This paper focuses on medium term load forecasting for the Moroccan province of Taroudannt using historical monthly load data for five years (2018-2022), temperature and wind speed. This study is the first of its kind in Morocco, particularly within the province of Taroudannt. The main objective is to contribute to the improvement of energy efficiency in the Souss Massa region. To forecast consumed energy, the fuzzy logic approach is used. Three different models are developed, considering three defuzzification methods, namely Centroid, Bisector and smallest of maximum (SOM). The model is tested using data from the year 2022. The simulation results show that the SOM prediction values are less precise, with a mean error of 13 %. In contrast, the other two methods generate the more reasonable and satisfactory values which are closer to the actual load, with the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) less than 8.5 %. The result obtained demonstrate that the proposed model is capable of accurately forecasting future load for Taroudannt province.