bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Hard Questions, Easy Answers
Authors: Seidman Louis Michael , Tushnet Mark V 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Constitutional rhetoric is the language of American politics. Politicians regularly invoke the Constitution to support arguments on all sides of virtually every public question. Throughout our history, they have reflexively transformed policy controversies into constitutional problems. Earlier generations saw disputes about alcohol consumption, wage and hour legislation, federal taxation, and state regulation of private markets as implicating our foundational document. Today there are concerted efforts to constitutionalize issues as diverse as federal fiscal policy, family law, school discipline, the practice of medicine, and even the most insignificant aspects of police-citizen interaction.
Speed and Preparation
Authors: McNeilly Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In business, as in war, speed is essential. The very nature of business competition is change, and its pace continues to accelerate; to be slow is to become extinct. To survive and prosper in the dynamic and chaotic world that is today and tomorrow’s business environment, a company must move with rapid relentlessness. And to execute Sun Tzu’s principles successfully, your company must be able to seize the opportunities it has created.
Character-Based Leadership
Authors: McNeilly Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Truly, leaders of this caliber are unique and hard to find. As the passage suggests, they are desirable because of their willingness to put the needs of others before their own; they have strong, well-developed characters. To become such a leader, to put others before yourself, is not an easy task. It demands sacrifice. You must be willing to:
• Build your character, not just your image
• Lead with actions, not just words.
• Share employee’s trials, not just their triumphs.
• Motivate emotionally, not just materially.
• Assign clearly defined missions to all, avoiding mission overlap and confusion.
• Make your strategy drive your organization, not the reverse.
Conclusion: A Lexicon for the New Organizational Era
Authors: Arthur Michael B , Rousseau Denise M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book has dealt with change-in “the new organizational era.” Change has been examined through a new conceptualization of careers-boundary less careers-which replaces more circumscribed conceptualizations that have come before. The chapters in this book have extended our exploration of change along the new pathways that boundary less careers suggest. These pathways have led to new perspectives on the world of work, and new viewpoints on what we once took to be familiar. In response, this chapter offers a brief guide to the new pathways: We offer a lexicon, of meanings old and new, delineating the phenomena brought into view. Our lexicon is directed at both those who study and those directly engaged in boundaryless career activity.1
The Good Community and the Good Organization
Authors: Hartman Edwin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I have suggested that, instead of trying to determine what the foundational principles of morality are and what communal or organizational arrangements best encourage people to act according to them, we try to say something about what a good community looks like and what it requires of those who live there. This chapter is about some of the characteristics of a good community and, in particular, a good organization. Intended to be compatible with a Rawlsian approach, it focuses largely on structures and procedures. It is in part a review of major points I have made. Life in a community develops one’s sense of what is desirable and valuable and of what constitutes a good life. Hence, standard moral theories do not readily provide a neutral or very useful means of adjudication among different communities. The question therefore arises, On what basis can one evaluate a community’s standards? For surely a community or an organization may itself be morally good or bad. The claim that each community has its own moral principles, or at least its own versions of them, applies in a less radical way to organizations as well. I argued in Chapter 6 that corporate culture may impose a certain conception of the good life and may pressure employees to have desires that fit with the local definition of success, which may view, for example, the pleasure of normal family life as a consolation prize for wimps and losers.
Generating Ideas with Impact: 3M, HP, and Other “Idea Machines”
Authors: Yeung Arthur K , Ulrich David O , Nason Stephen W , Glinow Mary Ann Von 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the industrial society of the mid-twentieth century, corporations competed through the efficient use of physical assets. Coming up with innovative products certainly mattered to many businesses of the 1950s and 1960s, but efficiency was the key criterion for success. But in the current postindustrial or knowledge society, corporations compete with their intellectual assets, and new ideas form the basis of today’s competition. Corporations that fail to generate new ideas rapidly enough to meet customers’ demands, that don’t keep abreast of deep and radical technological changes, or that are unable to respond to all kinds of challenges posed by traditional and unconventional competitors will die. It’s that urgent and that final. Consider what some top executives say about the new business game.
Numerals
Authors: Heine Bernd 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Numeral systems have received a remarkable amount of scholarly attention, and many generalizations have been proposed by linguists, mathematicians, and other students of the subject. My goal in the following paragraphs is a modest one: to draw attention to some crosslinguistic regularities in the structure of numerals and to account for these regularities. In doing this, my main interest is not with description but with explanation.
Of central importance in the present, as well as in subsequent, discussions is the human body, for various reasons: First, because it represents a well-studied semantic domain for which a wider range of research findings is available; second, because it is a conceptually rich domain that is used as a source for structuring numerous other domains; and third, because the human body also serves as a conceptual template for the development of grammatical categories.
Introduction
Authors: Fletcher George P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sometimes a simple formula can reduce an entire discipline of thought to its essential concern. Robert Natick wrote that philosophy began in puzzlement.1 By analogy to this insight, what would we say about economics, religion, and law? In what human sentiment do they get their traction? Economists claim that their discipline begins in scarcity . Abraham Joshua Herschel argued that religion begins in awe.3 Others might say that it be- gins in gratitude.
Language
Authors: Fletcher George P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Lawyers have no tools but words. Whatever we say about criminal responsibility, we have no choice but to express it in language, and the particular vocabularies and structures of diverse languages both facilitate and limit our communication. Every language develops its own vocabulary in an effort to capture the depths of guilt and punishment. There are some terms, such as “intention” and “causation,” that are readily translated across languages, but others are unique to particular linguistic cultures. Not everyone understands what Americans mean by “fairness” and “due process,” and Americans do not understand what Germans mean by Zumutbarkeit1 or what the Talmud means by rodef.
Unenumerated Rights
Authors: Yarbrough Tinsley E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Rehnquist Court, as seen in the previous chapter, has raised serious doubts about the continued viability of the double standard under which issues of economic governmental power and the scope of economic freedoms, including those mentioned nowhere in the Constitution’s text, have been left largely to the political process since 1937. In this chapter, we turn to the status of unenumerated noneconomic rights on the Court.
Introduction
Authors: Miceli Thomas J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The application of economic analysis to the law is based on the proposition that economic efficiency is useful for examining legal rules and institutions. Although this is not an uncontroversial proposition, the continuing vitality of the field of law and economics suggests that it has at least some validity, as I hope this book exemplifies.
When we say that economic efficiency is ‘‘useful’’ for examining the law, we can mean one of two things. First, we can mean that efficiency is useful in explaining the actual structure of the law. This type of argument, which is a form of positive analysis, suggests that the law tends to evolve in the direction of greater efficiency, not necessarily as a result of the conscious choices of judges or other participants in the legal process, but by the accumulation of the decisions of rational agents acting in their own self-interest. Thus, positive claims about the tendency of the law toward efficiency closely resemble Invisible Hand-type arguments regarding the efficiency of markets.
Punishment, Communication, and Community
Authors: Duff R A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In chapter 2 i discussed the nature of a liberal political community as structured by the defining values of autonomy, freedom, privacy, and pluralism; the role of the criminal law in such a polity as defining or creating a range of ‘public’ wrongs that concern the whole community; and the role of the criminal trial as a process through which members of the community are called to answer for their alleged commissions of such wrongs, and to be publicly censured if those allegations are proved. Such a criminal process treats those subjected to it as members of the political community. They are called to answer for their alleged wrongdoings by a law that claims to be their law—to bind them as members of the community; and the process respects their autonomy, freedom, and privacy.
The U.S. Corporation and Technical Progress
Authors: Mowery David C , Nelson Richard R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his magisterial Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy (Schumpeter 1950), first published over fifty years ago, Joseph Schumpeter argued that contemporary neoclassical economic models of capitalism and competition overlooked the key characteristics of these phenomena. Capitalism and competition essentially were about technical innovation and economic growth, rather than the achievement of static “economic efficiency.” Large firms with considerable market power were, in Schumpeter’s view, the major sources of technical innovation. One of the concomitants of the dynamic power of modern capitalism was that the system always seemed to be operating somewhat inefficiently in the static sense, at least in comparison with the economists’ theoretical norm of perfect competition. But according to Schumpeter, the dynamic gains to society from the economic growth generated by this system vastly outweighed such theoretical and imaginary static inefficiencies.
Performing Interpretation: A Legacy of Civil Rights Lawyering in Brown v. Board of Education
Authors: Davis Peggy Cooper 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On August 22, 1861, James McCune Smith, an African American abolitionist, wrote a letter to Gerrit Smith, a European American abolitionist. Gerrit Smith had published an arguably conciliatory appeal to the New York State Democratic Committee, urging that it express solidarity with President Lincoln against the Confederacy. James McCune Smith chided his colleague in antislavery struggle for giving attention to a “dead Democratic Committee” and neglecting to insist upon immediate emancipation as the only moral means of restoring the Union. For James McCune Smith, the moral and political error of Gerrit Smith’s course was apparent from the terms of his argument to the Democratic Committee. In what may be the earliest recorded example of a critical race theory analysis of American political discourse, the African American Smith wrote: “A single sentence . . . shows that you fail to see ‘the Situation.’ You say ‘for whilst the other President (Davis) is cheered and strengthened by the entire devotion . . . to his cause of all around him.’ &c. &c. Is this true? Is it not virtually ignoring one half of those around Jeff Davis (I mean the Slaves)?” Gerrit Smith was able to imagine Jefferson Davis cheered and strengthened by the entire devotion of all around him, I think, because when he imagined the Confederate community—when he imagined the political and social entity that the South had become-he instinctively imagined a white community.
Brown in Context
Authors: Friedman Lawrence m. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For those of us above a certain age, it is startling to realize that Brown v. Board of Education1 has celebrated its fortieth anniversary. The subject of this great case, as everybody knows, was race segregation in the schools; and, as everybody knows, the Court declared this practice unconstitutional. Brown was only the first in a long line of important civil rights cases, which ended up outlawing every aspect of the southern system of apartheid—and attacking much of the more subtle northern system as well. It says something, perhaps, about this momentous decision that it is hard for most people to imagine what the world was like before Brown. Is there any Supreme Court case, in this century, that has sunk down deeper roots? I can’t imagine anybody trying to overrule Marbury v. Madison, and the school segregation case is not very far behind.
Social Engineers or Corporate Tools?: Brown v. Board of Education and the Conscience of the Black Corporate Bar
Authors: Wilkins David B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If Thurgood Marshall were alive today, he would tell us that 1995 and not 1994, the fortieth anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education, was the most important anniversary associated with the civil rights movement. That year marked the centennial of the birth of Marshall’s former dean and mentor Charles Hamilton Houston. As Marshall frequently acknowledged, Houston was the architect of the legal strategy that produced Brown. More important, Houston created the educational and organizational strategy that produced Marshall and the other black lawyers whose hard work, skill, and determination resulted in the landmark victory we celebrate today.
Self And Indexicals: Language And Locus Of Control
Authors: Wilce James M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Western common-sense links between first-person pronoun use and egocentricity, I have argued, need deconstructing. The “I” of discourse is not unifunctional. Still, what people think about language forms like pronouns cannot be ignored, since linguistic ideologies shape not only worldviews but also the evolution of discourse practice and linguistic structure (Silverstein 1979, 1985). In the United States today, neither parents, teachers, nor assertiveness trainers typically consider themselves ideologues. But, in order to introduce (for American readers at least) the theme of how linguistic indexing of “locus of control” is significant for comparative cultural analysis, I am asserting here that the American embrace of “I-language” is strongly ideological. An explicitly promulgated linguistic ideology trains American children, when they feel hurt, to “use their words” (not their fists), while assertiveness courses teach adults to “own their feelings” by using!language, which the courses model in utterances such as “I feel hurt/angry/etc. when you do that.” Such assertiveness training has recently spread to American elementary schools, in classes on conflict resolution for children being initiated as peer mediators. This movement encouraging I-language and the owning of one’s feelings reflects an ideology of self as locus of control over “privately owned” words and affect. A different kind of person is constituted in Bangla ways of speaking or verbal culture-including the Bangla preference for experiencer-subject constructions in troubles talk, described previously-and dominant Bangla linguistic ideologies.
Legitimacy, Illegitimacy, And Madness In Bangladesh
Authors: Wilce James M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Matlab people have a proverbial saying they use when someone speaks in a loud, uncontrolled manner: pagal-c ki na kay (What won’t the mad say!). The proverb does not specify just what it is that the mad do say; it does not provide the benchmarks of eccentricity. Egocentricity in speech is surely one of those. The notion of pagalami in Bangladesh (glossed as “madness” and thoroughly described [in its West Bengal form] by Bhattacharyya 1986) occupies an important place in local discourses about selfhood.
The Politics of Sincerity
Authors: Truesdell Matthew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At a bit before ten on a brisk October morning in Paris in 1865, a dark unmarked coach drawn by two horses clattered up to the entrance of the Hopital Beaujon in the Faubourg Saint-Honoré in Paris. A handsome woman in her late thirties, elegantly but soberly attired in a black silk dress and grey bonnet, stepped out of the coach and was respectfully greeted by a small group of doctors and nurses. At the woman’s request, the doctors escorted her to the wards reserved for the victims of the cholera epidemic then ravaging Paris. There, the woman approached each of the beds and said a few words to each patient. By the end of the day, she had visited the cholera wards of two more hospitals, and for the next week, all Paris talked of little else. The woman was the Empress Eugénie, and in making these dangerous visits, she had found a particularly powerful means of conveying an image of a caring and solicitous regime.
Introduction
Authors: Ahlbrandt Roger S , Fruehan Richard J , Giarratani Frank 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In crisis there is sometimes opportunity, and so it has been for steelmakers in the United States. What was perceived by many as the collapse of this industry in the face of an onslaught by foreign competitors is now well recognized as the industry’s rebirth. In this remarkable turnaround important elements of industrial competitiveness are exposed. They are known to some who have taken part in the renewal and to others as observers of the process, but more often the lessons involved have been buried by political rhetoric or by mounting social costs in dying steel towns.
Market Focus and Strategic Success
Authors: Ahlbrandt Roger S , Fruehan Richard J , Giarratani Frank 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the competitive struggle that we have described, some firms stand out from the rest as examples of achievement. Among the traditional integrated producers, the industry leader, United States Steel Group (USS), a division of USX Corporation, exemplifies successful restructuring. It eliminated inefficient mills or whole plants, got rid of unprofitable businesses, cut out layers of unneeded management, invested strategically in new technologies, and found the resources to carry out these needed investments. By the early to mid-1990s, this firm and a few other industry giants had been recast. Their gains were achieved at a tremendous cost to both workers and communities. But while the decisions involved were difficult and costly, they were necessary to the survival of the companies. Most were operating at less than 50 percent of capacity in the early 1980s, posting huge losses, and were not equipped to compete against imports or expanding minimills on either a cost or quality basis for many product lines. USS made the transition from this sorry state to an efficient producer of quality steel, and it made the transition especially well.
The Study of Rhythm: Retemporalizing the Detemporalized Object of Linguistic Research
Authors: Auer Peter , Couper-Kuhlen Elizabeth , Müller Frank 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rhythm is one of the most pervasive aspects of the human condition; it is in the world around us and in the world within us, in our bodies and our minds, our living and our thinking. This book argues that human language, quite predictably, is deeply rhythmic as well. In addition, we try to show that the rhythm of verbal inter action is synchronized between co-participants and, at the same time, achieved by co-participants.
A Summary and Some Conclusions
Authors: Auer Peter , Couper-Kuhlen Elizabeth , Müller Frank 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In contrast to the dominant tradition within linguistics, which decontextualizes and at the same time detemporalizes language into ‘langue’ or ‘competence’, we have advocated a thoroughly pragmatic, contextual and dynamic approach to language in this book, in which structure and usage are not separate but are seen as complementing each other. We have argued that the retemporalization of language requires a break with a number of metalinguistic presuppositionsin Western thinking about language-lay and professional-particularly a break with its referential representational bias.
Resulting Patterns and Consequences
Authors: Earley P Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Throughout the remainder of this book, I will attempt to integrate through a series of examples and applications the face and behavior framework that I propose. All of the pieces that I have discussed-face, social actor, harmony, societal context, and organizational context and structure-are interdependent, and a full understanding of the model I propose requires a multilevel analysis of these constructs. Al though I have attempted to provide an integration of these constructs as I presented them, there is an obvious utility in applying them in several specific contexts in order to better illustrate the functioning of the model.
Semantic Solutions to the Problem P
Authors: O’Dowd Elizabeth M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
continuum, it may allow us to view prepositional meanings on a sort of grammaticization scale, where nonpredicative case markers are most grammaticized and fully predicative prepositions are least grammaticized. In fact, such a scale would reflect the principles of current grammaticization theory, which show a universal historical tendency for prepositions to evolve toward greater grammaticization. Although Jolly herself does not propose this line of inquiry, it will be followed in chapter 9.
The Historical Picture: P and Specialization
Authors: O’Dowd Elizabeth M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chapter 8 mapped out a grammatical framework showing how P’s many constructional meanings could be contained and its syntactic idiosyncracies explained, by its interactions with other constituents at different syntactic levels. The unifying principle for these interactions was that particles always situate and prepositions always link. But one significant question remains from chapter 1: Why are all prepositions not P-forms? We have seen that pure prepositions such as of share the case-marking function with P-prepositions, and that pure particles (or directional adverbs) such as away share the focal predicator function with P-particles. But neither of these pure types of element ever shares the adprep function with P: of never sublexicalizes a landmark, and away never lexicalizes a landmark.
Information Behavior and Culture
Authors: Davenport Thomas H , Prusak Laurence 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Changing how people use information—and ultimately building a supportive information culture—is the crux of information ecology. Yet in many areas of business, managers at every level have discovered, to their chagrin, that the behavioral and cultural dimension of change is often the most difficult to accomplish. Whether firms are trying to improve quality, redesign processes, or increase customer satisfaction, they find that “the soft stuff is the hard stuff.” And designing new work processes, organizational structures, or business strategies can seem like child’s play compared with changing day-to-day attitudes and behaviors.