bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specialized pro‐resolving mediators enhance the clearance of dead cells
Authors: Fredman Gabrielle , Khan Sayeed 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe failure to resolve inflammation underpins to several prevalent diseases, like atherosclerosis, and so identifying ways to boost resolution is unmet clinical needs. The resolution of inflammation is governed by several factors such as specialized pro‐resolving mediators (SPMs) that counter‐regulate pro‐inflammatory pathways and promote tissue repair without compromising host defense. A major function of nearly all SPMs is to enhance the clearance of dead cells or efferocytosis. As such, phagocytes, such as macrophages, are essential cellular players in the resolution of inflammation because of their ability to rapidly and efficiently clear dead cells. This review highlights the role of SPMs in the clearance of apoptotic and necroptotic cells and offers insights into how targeting efferocytosis may provide new treatments for non‐resolving diseases, like atherosclerosis.
The evolution of corporate twitter usage
Authors: Al Guindy Mohamed , Naughton James P. , Riordan Ryan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe study the evolution of corporate Twitter usage from 2006 to 2021 using a comprehensive dataset of over 19 million tweets covering publicly listed US firms. Overall, we find that Twitter usage has changed substantially over the past 15 years, with a broader set of firms using Twitter and with more firms using Twitter to communicate financial information. The stock market response to tweets, measured using abnormal returns and trading volume, is positive and significant in all periods but has declined over time. Retweeting and “liking” behavior has increased substantially in recent years, suggesting broader dissemination. In addition, although firms continue to use press releases for the most economically important information, our results suggest that firms are increasingly substituting tweets for press releases. Moreover, we find that firms continue to be strategic with both the content and timing of their Twitter usage. Collectively, our findings provide useful context for the interpretation of prior studies and valuable information for the design of future studies on the corporate use of social media.
Quantitative assessment of transient autonomic modulation after single‐shot pulmonary vein isolation with pulsed‐field ablation
Authors: Del Monte Alvise , Cespón Fernández María , Vetta Giampaolo , Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni , Pannone Luigi , Mouram Sahar , Sorgente Antonio , Bala Gezim , Ströker Erwin , Sieira Juan , Almorad Alexandre , Sarkozy Andrea , Chierchia Gian‐Battista , de Asmundis Carlo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with thermal energy is characterized by concomitant ablation of the surrounding ganglionated plexi (GP). Pulsed‐field ablation (PFA) selectively targets the myocardium and seems associated with only negligible effects on the autonomic nervous system (ANS). However, little is known about the dynamic effects of PFA on the GP immediately after PVI. This study sought to investigate the degree and acute vagal modulation induced by the FarapulseTM PFA system during PVI compared with single‐shot thermal ablation.MethodsA total of 76 patients underwent first‐time PVI with either FarapulseTM PFA (PFA group, n = 40) or cryoballoon ablation (thermal ablation group, n = 36) for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). The effect on the ANS in the two groups was assessed before and after PVI with extracardiac vagal stimulation (ECVS). To capture any transient effects of PFA on the ANS, in a subgroup of PFA patients ECVS was repeated at three predefined timepoints: (1) before PVI (T0); (2) immediately after PVI (T1); and (3) 10 min after the last energy application (T2).ResultsDespite similar baseline values, the vagal response induced by ECVS after PVI almost disappeared in the thermal ablation group but persisted in the PFA group (thermal group: 840 [706–1090] ms, p < .001 compared to baseline; PFA group: 11 466 [8720–12 293] ms, p = .70 compared to baseline). Intraprocedural vagal reactions (defined as RR increase >50%, transitory asystole, or atrioventricular block) occurred more frequently with PFA than thermal ablation (70% vs. 28%, p = .001). Moreover, heart rate 24 h post‐PVI increased more with thermal ablation than with PFA (16.5 ± 9.0 vs. 2.6 ± 6.1 beats/min, p < .001). In the subgroup of PFA patients undergoing repeated ANS modulation assessment (n = 11), ECVS demonstrated that PFA determined a significant acute suppression of the vagal response immediately after PVI (p < .001 compared to baseline), which recovered almost completely within 10 min.ConclusionPVI with the FarapulseTM PFA system is associated with only transitory and short‐lasting vagal effects on the ANS which recover almost completely within a few minutes after ablation. The impact of this phenomenon on AF outcome needs to be further investigated.
Systolic blood pressure levels and mortality in Australian medical inpatients
Authors: Tsang Jin Nuo Joan , Bacchi Stephen , Kovoor Joshua G. , Gupta Aashray K. , Stretton Brandon , Gluck Samuel , Gilbert Toby , Sharma Yogesh , Woodman Richard , Mangoni Arduino A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe epidemiology of elevations in blood pressure is incompletely characterized, particularly in Australia. Given the lack of evidence regarding the frequency and the optimal management of in‐hospital hypertension, the authors performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of consecutive medical admissions in South Australia over a 2‐year period to investigate systolic blood pressure levels and their association with in‐hospital mortality. Among 16 896 inpatients, 76% had at least one systolic blood pressure reading of ≥140 mmHg and 11.7% of ≥180 mmHg during hospitalization. A statistically significant negative relationship was observed between having at least one reading ≥140 mmHg and a likelihood of in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio 0.41, 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.49, P < .001). Our results suggest that elevations in systolic blood pressure are common in Australian medical inpatients. However, the inverse association observed between systolic blood pressure values ≥140 mmHg and in‐hospital mortality warrants further research to determine the clinical significance and optimal management of blood pressure elevations in this group.
Ethical evaluation in acute stroke decision‐making
Authors: Shamy Michel , Dewar Brian , Fedyk Mark 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRationaleThe evidentiary standards and epistemic models of clinical care, especially those of evidence‐based medicine, are dissimilar to those used in philosophy and examination of how the two systems intersect may help clinicians make more informed treatment decisions.Aims and ObjectivesThis paper examines the use of ethical frameworks in routine clinical decision‐making, using the example of acute stroke treatment decisions to demonstrate that ethical evaluation is integral to clinical practice.MethodUtilising acute stroke care as a lens through which to examine the phenomenon of ethical evaluation in medical practice, we offer a philosophical analysis of the presence of ethical evaluation in medicine.Results and ConclusionWe find that the medical establishment should embrace ethical evaluation as intrinsic to medical practice and that medical training and treatment guidelines should reflect this reality. Patients deserve clarity and transparency about how physicians make determinations about their treatment, and physicians should be prepared to offer explanations for those decisions.
Clin‐STAR corner: Practice changing advances in prescribing for geriatric emergency department patients
Authors: Goldberg Elizabeth M. , Dresden Scott M. , Carpenter Christopher R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReducing adverse drug events among older adults in heterogeneous and often chaotic emergency department (ED) settings requires a multidisciplinary approach. Recent research evaluates the impact of multicomponent protocols designed to reduce ED physician prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), including transdisciplinary training and leveraging electronic health records to provide real‐time alternative safer pharmaceuticals while providing personalized feedback to prescribers. Most new research is not randomized trial data. Although this current research does not consistently demonstrate a reduction in the prescribing of PIMs, these studies provide a foundation for emergency medicine healthcare teams, geriatricians, and pharmacists to collaborate with health informatics to continue advancing the frontiers of safer medication prescribing during episodes of acute care.
“A fine wine, better with age”: Circular economy historical roots and influential publications: A bibliometric analysis using Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS)
Authors: Chedrak Chembessi , Paulin Gohoungodji , Rajaonson Juste 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, we used the Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS) method to explore the historical roots and influential publications of circular economy (CE) studies. Unlike traditional literature reviews, this method allows us to analyze frequently cited works over specified years, assisting in tracing the growth of research subjects over time and quantifying the impact of these citations. We reviewed over 8395 publications and 302,377 cited references, ranging from 1521 to 2021. Our study uncovered three distinct periods in the evolution of CE studies: (i) a precursor phase (1521–1988) that presented foundational yet indirectly related ideas; (ii) the “historical roots” (1989–2017) featuring seminal research during 12 notably influential years; and (iii) a recent period (2018–2021) characterized by other highly cited studies. Additionally, we identified several influential publications that have introduced innovative viewpoints and advocated for a systematic approach to CE, shaping the present direction of CE research. Our study not only provides essential context for future studies, helping scholars identify thematic gaps, but also frame their research within the existing body of knowledge, and contribute toward a comprehensive, multifaceted understanding of CE.
The asset‐pricing implications of carbon risk in Korea
Authors: Park Dojoon , Lee Jiyoon , Park Hyejin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between carbon risk and stock returns for listed firms in Korea, where firms are legally obligated to disclose their carbon emissions. While previous research mostly focuses on major markets like the United States and the European Union, demonstrating the impact of climate change on asset prices, there is a scarcity of studies examining emerging markets. Using data from Korean‐listed firms from 2011 to 2021, we investigate the association between a firm's exposure to carbon risk and cross‐sectional stock returns. We find that stocks with high exposure to carbon risk exhibit higher average returns and the abnormal returns associated with carbon risk are statistically significant and cannot be explained by the Fama‐French three‐ or five‐factor models. Furthermore, this phenomenon is more evident among stocks with high foreign ownership. Finally, the carbon factor commands a significantly positive risk premium, suggesting that carbon risk is an important risk factor even in emerging markets like Korea.
Modification of the association between nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and anxiety by personality trait during early pregnancy: A longitudinal study of Japanese pregnant women
Authors: Maruya Saho , Tamakoshi Koji , Hirose Masami , Takahashi Yuki , Yamada Akiko , Kato Noriko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to elucidate whether personality traits modify the relationship between nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) and anxiety, stratified by three pregnancy periods: 5–8 weeks, 9–12 weeks, and 13–20 weeks.MethodsThis longitudinal study was conducted from August 2018 to February 2019 at a perinatal outpatient unit in a general hospital. We included 153 pregnant women aged ≥20 years and under 20 weeks of gestation at their first prenatal visit. They completed the Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching, and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to measure anxiety in terms of both trait (STAI‐T) and state anxiety (STAI‐S), and retook them at follow‐up checkups for a maximum of three times.ResultsUsing longitudinal data until 20 weeks' gestation, changes in NVP and trait anxiety were significantly associated with changes in state anxiety independently, with trait anxiety being more strongly involved than the change in NVP. This tendency was pronounced in the high‐trait anxiety group with STAI‐T scores of ≥45. Cross‐sectional analyses by gestational week showed similar results in the low‐trait anxiety group (STAI‐T < 45). In the high‐trait anxiety group, only trait anxiety was significantly associated with state anxiety up to 12 weeks gestation. However, only NVP was significantly associated with state anxiety after 13 weeks.ConclusionsPregnant women who tend to be anxious temperamentally may have other factors that cause anxiety besides nausea immediately after the discovery of pregnancy. Understanding personality traits may help reduce anxiety in pregnant women.
Spreading depolarizations pose critical energy challenges in acute brain injury
Authors: Lindquist Britta E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpreading depolarization (SD) is an electrochemical wave of neuronal depolarization mediated by extracellular K+ and glutamate, interacting with voltage‐gated and ligand‐gated ion channels. SD is increasingly recognized as a major cause of injury progression in stroke and brain trauma, where the mechanisms of SD‐induced neuronal injury are intimately linked to energetic status and metabolic impairment. Here, I review the established working model of SD initiation and propagation. Then, I summarize the historical and recent evidence for the metabolic impact of SD, transitioning from a descriptive to a mechanistic working model of metabolic signaling and its potential to promote neuronal survival and resilience. I quantify the energetic cost of restoring ionic gradients eroded during SD, and the extent to which ion pumping impacts high‐energy phosphate pools and the energy charge of affected tissue. I link energy deficits to adaptive increases in the utilization of glucose and O2, and the resulting accumulation of lactic acid and CO2 downstream of catabolic metabolic activity. Finally, I discuss the neuromodulatory and vasoactive paracrine signaling mediated by adenosine and acidosis, highlighting these metabolites' potential to protect vulnerable tissue in the context of high‐frequency SD clusters.image
Autonomous Agency in Anti‐Dualistic Social Ontologies: A Compatibilist Notion
Authors: Piiroinen Tero 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnti‐dualistic social ontologies, those highlighting the intrinsic interdependency of agency and structure as two sides of the same coin, are sometimes criticized for failing to provide a satisfactory account of autonomous – capable and free – agency, or even denying the reality of such agency. This paper contests these claims, arguing that anti‐dualistic ontologies only conflict with autonomous agency when the latter is understood in a highly voluntaristic sense, whose ideational roots go to what philosophers of free will call “incompatibilist” intuitions of freedom. Those intuitions suggest that actions (intentions, decisions) ultimately determined by extrinsic causes lack the kind of freedom presupposed by moral responsibility, so when agentive autonomy is presumed to involve such freedom, it does indeed cohere poorly with the anti‐dualistic picture of intrinsically structured agency. Herein, however, an alternative, “compatibilist” notion of autonomy is advanced, such that does not conflict with extrinsic determination and is therefore congruent with anti‐dualistic social ontologies.
Complementarities among types of education in affecting firms' productivity
Authors: Bolli Thomas , Pusterla Filippo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article uses Swiss firm‐level panel data to show that complementarities among workers with different types of education affect firms' productivity. We consider workers with four different types of education: no post‐secondary education, upper secondary vocational education and training (VET), tertiary professional education, and tertiary academic education. To account for possible endogeneity, we exploit within‐firm variation and employ a structural estimation technique that uses intermediate inputs as a proxy for unobserved productivity shocks. Our results suggest that workers with an upper secondary VET education are complementary to workers with a tertiary academic education, while workers with no post‐secondary education are complementary to workers with a tertiary professional education. Altogether, our findings highlight the importance of vertical and horizontal education diversity within firms.
Comparison of prognostic impact of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus lenvatinib in patients with intermediate‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Kumada Takashi , Hiraoka Atsushi , Hirooka Masashi , Kariyama Kazuya , Tani Joji , Atsukawa Masanori , Takaguchi Koichi , Itobayashi Ei , Fukunishi Shinya , Tsuji Kunihiko , Ishikawa Toru , Tajiri Kazuto , Ochi Hironori , Yasuda Satoshi , Toyoda Hidenori , Ogawa Chikara , Nishimura Takashi , Hatanaka Takeshi , Kakizaki Satoru , Shimada Noritomo , Kawata Kazuhito , Tada Fujimasa , Ohama Hideko , Nouso Kazuhiro , Morishita Asahiro , Tsutsui Akemi , Nagano Takuya , Itokawa Norio , Okubo Tomomi , Arai Taeang , Imai Michitaka , Kosaka Hisashi , Naganuma Atsushi , Matono Tomomitsu , Aoki Tomoko , Kuroda Hidekatsu , Yata Yutaka , Koizumi Yohei , Nakamura Shinichiro , Kaibori Masaki , Iijima Hiroko , Hiasa Yoichi , Kudo Masatoshi ,   the Real‐life Practice Experts for HCC (RELPEC) Study Group and the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Experts from 48 clinics in Japan (HCC 48) Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground & AimsThe study goal was to compare the outcomes of patients with intermediate‐stage (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC]‐B) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) or lenvatinib (LEN) as first‐line systemic therapy.MethodsA total of 358 patients with BCLC‐B HCC treated with Atezo/Bev (n = 177) or LEN (n = 181) as first‐line systemic therapy were included.ResultsThe median progression‐free survival (PFS) times in the Atezo/Bev and LEN groups were 10.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.8–12.6) and 7.3 months (95% CI, 6.3–8.5), respectively (p = .019). In the propensity score‐matched cohort, the median PFS times in the Atezo/Bev (n = 151) and LEN (n = 151) groups were 10.2 months (95% CI, 7.0–12.3) and 6.9 months (95% CI, 5.9–8.1), respectively (p = .020). Restricted mean survival times of PFS were significantly higher in the Atezo/Bev group than in the LEN group at landmarks of 12 and 18 months (p = .031 and .012, respectively). In a subgroup analysis of patients with HCC beyond the up‐to‐seven criteria, the median PFS times in the Atezo/Bev (n = 134) and LEN (n = 117) groups were 10.5 months (95% CI, 7.0–11.8) and 6.3 months (95% CI, 5.5–7.3), respectively (p = .044).ConclusionsThe use of Atezo/Bev as first‐line systemic therapy in patients with BCLC‐B HCC is expected to result in good PFS.
Endophytic ancestors of modern leaf miners may have evolved in the Late Carboniferous
Authors: Knecht Richard J. , Swain Anshuman , Benner Jacob S. , Emma Steve L. , Pierce Naomi E. , Labandeira Conrad C. 
Published: October 2023

Summary

Endophytic feeding behaviors, including stem borings and galling, have been observed in the fossil record from as early as the Devonian and involve the consumption of a variety of plant (and fungal) tissues. Historically, the exploitation of internal stem tissues through galling has been well documented as emerging during the Pennsylvanian (c. 323–299 million years ago (Ma)), replaced during the Permian by galling of foliar tissues. However, leaf mining, a foliar endophytic behavior that today is exhibited exclusively by members of the four hyperdiverse holometabolous insect orders, has been more sparsely documented, with confirmed examples dating back only to the Early Triassic (c. 252–250 Ma).

Here, we describe a trace fossil on seed‐fern foliage from the Rhode Island Formation of Massachusetts, USA, representing the earliest indication of a general, endophytic type of feeding damage and dating from the Middle Pennsylvanian (c. 312 Ma).

Although lacking the full features of Mesozoic leaf mines, this specimen provides evidence of how endophytic mining behavior may have originated.

It sheds light on the evolutionary transition to true foliar endophagy, contributes to our understanding of the behaviors of early holometabolous insects, and enhances our knowledge of macroevolutionary patterns of plant–insect interactions.
Histone acetylation, BET proteins, and periodontal inflammation
Authors: Clayton Nicholas , Pellei David , Lin Zhao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPeriodontitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases in humans. The susceptibility to periodontitis is largely determined by the host response, and the severity of inflammation predicts disease progression. Upon microbial insults, host cells undergo massive changes in their transcription program to trigger an appropriate response (inflammation). It is not surprising that successful keystone pathogens have developed specific mechanisms to manipulate the gene expression network in host cells. Emerging data has indicated that epigenetic regulation plays a significant role in inflammation. Acetylation of lysine residues on histones is a major epigenetic modification of chromatin, highly associated with the accessibility of chromatin and activation of transcription. Specific histone acetylation patterns are observed in inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. Bromo‐ and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins recognize acetylated histones and then recruit transcription factors and transcription elongation complexes to chromatin. BET proteins are regulated in inflammatory diseases and small molecules blocking the function of BET proteins are promising “epi‐drugs” for treating inflammatory diseases.
Actor roles in co‐production—Introducing intermediaries: Findings from a systematic literature review
Authors: Haug Nathalie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPublic service ecosystems are used to understand how multiple actors co‐produce public services and create public value. Especially interactions between public service providers and service users are essential. However, systematic examinations of these interactions and what roles the different actors play are rare. This study closes this gap by conducting a systematic literature review with three main findings. First, public service providers play an important role: they facilitate co‐production by micromanaging or facilitating collaboration, empowering service users, and translating the results of the process back into the organization. Second, service users contribute to co‐production by providing resources. Third, a new category of actors is proposed: the co‐production intermediary. Intermediaries are formal organizations whose primary role is to support service providers in service delivery. This study comprehensively analyzes the different actors and power constellations between them.