bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality risks from a spectrum of causes associated with sand and dust storms in China
Authors: Zhang Can , Yan Meilin , Du Hang , Ban Jie , Chen Chen , Liu Yuanyuan , Li Tiantian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSand and Dust Storms (SDS) pose considerable health risks worldwide. Previous studies only indicated risk of SDS on overall mortality. This nationwide multicenter time-series study aimed to examine SDS-associated mortality risks extensively. We analyzed 1,495,724 deaths and 2024 SDS events from 1 February to 31 May (2013–2018) in 214 Chinese counties. The excess mortality risks associated with SDS were 7.49% (95% CI: 3.12–12.05%), 5.40% (1.25–9.73%), 4.05% (0.41–7.83%), 3.45% (0.34–6.66%), 3.37% (0.28–6.55%), 3.33% (0.07–6.70%), 8.90% (4.96–12.98%), 12.51% (6.31–19.08%), and 11.55% (5.55–17.89%) for ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke, hypertensive heart disease, myocardial infarction, acute myocardial infarction, acute ischemic heart disease, respiratory disease, chronic lower respiratory disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respectively. SDS had significantly added effects on ischemic stroke, chronic lower respiratory disease, and COPD mortality. Our results suggest the need to implement public health policy against SDS.
Chromatinization modulates topoisomerase II processivity
Authors: Lee Jaeyoon , Wu Meiling , Inman James T. , Singh Gundeep , Park Seong ha , Lee Joyce H. , Fulbright Robert M. , Hong Yifeng , Jeong Joshua , Berger James M. , Wang Michelle D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractType IIA topoisomerases are essential DNA processing enzymes that must robustly and reliably relax DNA torsional stress. While cellular processes constantly create varying torsional stress, how this variation impacts type IIA topoisomerase function remains obscure. Using multiple single-molecule approaches, we examined the torsional dependence of eukaryotic topoisomerase II (topo II) activity on naked DNA and chromatin. We observed that topo II is ~50-fold more processive on buckled DNA than previously estimated. We further discovered that topo II relaxes supercoiled DNA prior to plectoneme formation, but with processivity reduced by ~100-fold. This relaxation decreases with diminishing torsion, consistent with topo II capturing transient DNA loops. Topo II retains high processivity on buckled chromatin (~10,000 turns) and becomes highly processive even on chromatin under low torsional stress (~1000 turns), consistent with chromatin’s predisposition to readily form DNA crossings. This work establishes that chromatin is a major stimulant of topo II function.
Aversive stimulus-tuned responses in the CA1 of the dorsal hippocampus
Authors: Barth Albert M. , Jelitai Marta , Vasarhelyi-Nagy Maria Flora , Varga Viktor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThroughout life animals inevitably encounter unforeseen threatening events. Activity of principal cells in the hippocampus is tuned for locations and for salient stimuli in the animals’ environment thus forming a map known to be pivotal for guiding behavior. Here, we explored if a code of threatening stimuli exists in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus of mice by recording neuronal response to aversive stimuli delivered at changing locations. We have discovered a rapidly emerging, location independent response to innoxious aversive stimuli composed of the coordinated activation of subgroups of pyramidal cells and connected interneurons. Activated pyramidal cells had higher basal firing rate, more probably participated in ripples, targeted more interneurons than place cells and many of them lacked place fields. We also detected aversive stimulus-coupled assemblies dominated by the activated neurons. Notably, these assemblies could be observed even before the delivery of the first aversive event. Finally, we uncovered the systematic shift of the spatial code from the aversive to, surprisingly, the reward location during the fearful stimulus. Our results uncovered components of the dorsal CA1 circuit possibly key for re-sculpting the spatial map in response to abrupt aversive events.
Realistic prediction and engineering of high-Q modes to implement stable Fano resonances in acoustic devices
Authors: Kronowetter Felix , Maeder Marcus , Chiang Yan Kei , Huang Lujun , Schmid Johannes D. , Oberst Sebastian , Powell David A. , Marburg Steffen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractQuasi-bound states in the continuum (QBICs) coupling into the propagating spectrum manifest themselves as high-quality factor (Q) modes susceptible to perturbations. This poses a challenge in predicting stable Fano resonances for realistic applications. Besides, where and when the maximum field enhancement occurs in real acoustic devices remains elusive. In this work, we theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate the existence of a Friedrich-Wintgen BIC in an open acoustic cavity. We provide direct evidence for a QBIC by mapping the pressure field inside the cavity using a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV), which provides the missing field enhancement data. Furthermore, we design a symmetry-reduced BIC and achieve field enhancement by a factor of about three compared to the original cavity. LDV measurements are a promising technique for obtaining high-Q modes’ missing field enhancement data. The presented results facilitate the future applications of BICs in acoustics as high-intensity sound sources, filters, and sensors.
Detection of magnetospheric ion drift patterns at Mars
Authors: Zhang Chi , Nilsson Hans , Ebihara Yusuke , Yamauchi Masatoshi , Persson Moa , Rong Zhaojin , Zhong Jun , Dong Chuanfei , Chen Yuxi , Zhou Xuzhi , Sun Yixin , Harada Yuki , Halekas Jasper , Xu Shaosui , Futaana Yoshifumi , Shi Zhen , Yuan Chongjing , Yun Xiaotong , Fu Song , Gao Jiawei , Holmström Mats , Wei Yong , Barabash Stas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMars lacks a global magnetic field, and instead possesses small-scale crustal magnetic fields, making its magnetic environment fundamentally different from intrinsic magnetospheres like those of Earth or Saturn. Here we report the discovery of magnetospheric ion drift patterns, typical of intrinsic magnetospheres, at Mars using measurements from Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission. Specifically, we observe wedge-like dispersion structures of hydrogen ions exhibiting butterfly-shaped distributions (pitch angle peaks at 22.5°−45° and 135°−157.5°) within the Martian crustal fields, a feature previously observed only in planetary-scale intrinsic magnetospheres. These dispersed structures are the results of drift motions that fundamentally resemble those observed in intrinsic magnetospheres. Our findings indicate that the Martian magnetosphere embodies an intermediate case where both the unmagnetized and magnetized ion behaviors could be observed because of the wide range of strengths and spatial scales of the crustal magnetic fields around Mars.
The practice of reaction window in an electrocatalytic on-chip microcell
Authors: Xia Hang , Sang Xiaoru , Shu Zhiwen , Shi Zude , Li Zefen , Guo Shasha , An Xiuyun , Gao Caitian , Liu Fucai , Duan Huigao , Liu Zheng , He Yongmin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo enhance the efficiency of catalysis, it is crucial to comprehend the behavior of individual nanowires/nanosheets. A developed on-chip microcell facilitates this study by creating a reaction window that exposes the catalyst region of interest. However, this technology’s potential application is limited due to frequently-observed variations in data between different cells. In this study, we identify a conductance problem in the reaction windows of non-metallic catalysts as the cause of this issue. We investigate this problem using in-situ electronic/electrochemical measurements and atom-thin nanosheets as model catalysts. Our findings show that a full-open window, which exposes the entire catalyst channel, allows for efficient modulation of conductance, which is ten times higher than a half-open window. This often-overlooked factor has the potential to significantly improve the conductivity of non-metallic catalysts during the reaction process. After examining tens of cells, we develop a vertical microcell strategy to eliminate the conductance issue and enhance measurement reproducibility. Our study offers guidelines for conducting reliable microcell measurements on non-metallic single nanowire/nanosheet catalysts.
The role of antipsychotics and other drugs on the development and progression of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Authors: Kyotani Yoji , Zhao Jing , Nakahira Kiichi , Yoshizumi Masanori 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but serious and sometimes fatal complication in patients taking antipsychotic drugs, and its underlying mechanism still remains unclear. The pharmacotherapy for psychotic disorders is complicated and often involves a combination of two or more drugs, including drugs other than antipsychotics. In the present study, we used the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database to broadly investigate the drugs associated with NMS, following their related pathways, as well as the drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in NMS. All analyses were performed using data from the JADER database from April 2004 to May 2022. Single-drug signals were evaluated using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and proportional reporting ratio (PRR), and drug pathways were investigated using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). DDIs were evaluated using the Ω shrinkage measure and Chi-square statistics models. All drugs associated with 20 or more NMS cases in the JADER database exhibited signals for NMS, including non-antipsychotics. Pathways associated with the drugs included the dopaminergic or serotonergic synapses related to antipsychotics. DDIs leading to NMS were confirmed for several drug combinations exhibiting single-drug signals. This study confirmed the significant association of various drugs, including non-psychotics, with NMS and suggested that various pathways related to these drugs may be involved in the progression of NMS. In addition, several combinations of these drugs were found to interact (DDI), increasing the risk of NMS, which suggests that appropriate caution should be taken when administering these drugs.
Preparation, characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study of ginsenoside Rb1-PLGA nanoparticles
Authors: Du Lixin , Lu Huiling , Xiao Yifei , Guo Zhihua , Li Ya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to construct a Ginsenoside Rb1-PLGA nano drug delivery system, optimize its preparation process, characterize and evaluate the resulting Ginsenoside Rb1-PLGA Nanoparticles (GRb1@PLGA@NPs). GRb1@PLGA@NPs were prepared using the emulsion solvent evaporation method. The optimal preparation process was determined using Plackett–Burman design combined with Box-Behnken experiments. Physical characterization and in vitro release studies were conducted. LC–MS/MS technique was employed to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of GRb1 and GRb1@PLGA@NPs in rat plasma. The optimal preparation process yielded GRb1@PLGA@NPs with a particle size of 120.63 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.172, zeta potential of − 22.67 mV, encapsulation efficiency of 75%, and drug loading of 11%. In vitro release demonstrated sustained drug release. Compared to GRb1, GRb1@PLGA@NPs exhibited a shortened time to peak concentration by approximately 0.72-fold. The area under the plasma concentration–time curve significantly increased to 4.58-fold of GRb1. GRb1@PLGA@NPs formulated using the optimal process exhibited uniform distribution and stable quality, its relative oral bioavailability was significantly improved compared to free GRb1.
Rational design of ZIF-derived nanocarbon with dual metal active sites via molten salt strategy for advancing oxygen electrocatalysis
Authors: Bhardwaj Sakshi , Boruah Tribani , Dey Ramendra Sundar 
Published: October 2023

This work demonstrates a versatile molten-salt-assisted pyrolysis strategy for dual metal (Fe,Co)-doped highly porous graphene nanosheets that shows promising activity with an E1/2 of 0.84 V for ORR, E10 of 1.54 V for OER, and ΔE of 0.70 V.
Emergency and Disaster Preparedness for Individuals Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication: A Pilot Study on Supported Planning Using a Toolkit
Authors: Barton-Hulsey Andrea , Boesch Miriam C. , Chung Yoosun , Caswell Tina , Sonntag Amy Miller , Quach Wendy 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
When emergencies or disasters arise, individuals who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) are particularly vulnerable. It is critical that individuals who use AAC are supported to make decisions that impact their own lives and are able to communicate during such a crisis. Preparedness efforts that include a plan around communication needs and supports are necessary for ensuring that individuals who use AAC are able to understand options that ensure personal safety and express their needs during a time of crisis.

Method:
Qualitative methods were used to identify and describe the experiences of two young adults who use AAC and their caregivers when engaging in person-centered planning intervention sessions to complete the activities of the United States Society for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (USSAAC) emergency/disaster preparedness toolkit. Pre-intervention interviews and subjective, objective, assessment, and plan (SOAP) notes taken after each intervention session were done to describe their preparedness and experiences completing the toolkit. Themes were identified to describe participant experiences and change in their perceived preparedness.

Results:
Five themes and 18 subthemes emerged from the pre-intervention interviews and the SOAP notes across 14 intervention sessions that captured each participant and their caregiver's awareness of needs, barriers in emergency situations, challenges in completing the toolkit, and actions during person-centered planning with the toolkit (e.g., personalizing communication boards, making a go bag, and scheduling visits with local emergency agencies).

Conclusions:
This study highlights the need for preparedness activities that are person-centered and account for the communication support needs of individuals who use AAC if faced with an emergency/disaster. Outcomes suggest that these methods were feasible and supported positive change in perceived preparedness in the young adults who used AAC and their caregivers.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24415567
List Equivalency and Critical Differences of a Mandarin Bamford-Kowal-Bench Sentence in Babble Noise Test for Adults and Preschool Children With Normal Hearing
Authors: Xi Xin , Li Jia-Nan , Yuen Kevin C. P. , Chen Ai-Ting , Li Si-Qi , Hong Meng-Di , Wang Qian , Ji Fei , Dillon Harvey , Ching Teresa Y. C. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the speech recognition equivalence of Mandarin Bamford-Kowal-Bench (BKB) sentence lists with adults and children with normal hearing.

Method:
A total of 32 lists, each of nine sentences, were compiled from a corpus of BKB-like sentences with paired babble in Mandarin. Interlist equivalence, critical differences, and sensitivity of performance to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were examined. Experiment 1 included 64 native Mandarin-speaking adults with normal hearing. Experiment 2 included 54 native Mandarin-speaking children with normal hearing aged 4–6 years.

Results:

Among the 32 sentence lists, 28 lists were confirmed to be equivalent in adults, with a mean SNR required for 50% correct (SNR
50
) of −5.9 ± 0.1 dB, a mean slope of 22.3%/dB ± 1.5%/dB, and a grand 95% critical difference subsequently calculated as 27.2% for score. From the 28 equivalent lists, 27 lists were selected and observed to be equivalent in children, with a mean SNR
50
threshold of −2.0 ± 0.2 dB, a mean slope of 15.8%/dB ± 1.1%/dB, and a grand 95% critical difference of 24.6% for score.

Conclusions:
The Mandarin BKB sentences in babble noise test offers an opportunity for clinicians and researchers to assess speech understanding in adults and preschool children in an efficient manner. For comparisons of performance in different test conditions, 28 equivalent lists are available for adults and 27 equivalent lists for preschool children. The 95% critical difference values can be used for total percentage correct or SNR for 50% performance. Future work will examine the clinical utility for school-age children and children who are deaf and hard of hearing.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24400066
A Primer on Neurodiversity-Affirming Speech and Language Services for Autistic Individuals
Authors: Gaddy Caroline , Crow Hillary 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this tutorial is to educate speech-language pathologists (SLPs) on the need for and positive outcomes associated with neurodiversity-affirming care. This primer will outline what neurodiversity is, why it is central to the provision of evidence-based practice and culturally responsive care, and introduce the reader to neurodiversity-affirming clinical practices.

Method:
This tutorial is based on a review of literature, including academic research and written works from autistic and disability activists, existence in autistic spaces, conversations within the autistic community, lived experience as autistic individuals, and clinical experience as SLPs.

Discussion:
SLPs specializing in developmental disabilities will provide services for children with a variety of diagnoses and co-occurring conditions. Consequently, SLPs are likely to work with autistic and otherwise neurodivergent individuals. In supporting autistic clients, SLPs may promote communication development, provide and support augmentative and alternative communication, teach executive functioning strategies, educate family members and/or other members of the support team, and more. As such, it is imperative that SLPs have an understanding of the neurodiversity paradigm, how it relates to providing culturally responsive care, and the positive outcomes associated with incorporating it into our practice. This tutorial provides descriptions of neurodiversity-affirming care principles and definitions of related terms through visuals, discussion, and fictitious case scenarios and examples.

Conclusion:
Clinicians may use this primer to integrate neurodiversity-affirming care principles into their practice.
A Rare Case of Obstructive Shock due to Cardiac Tamponade in a Term Pregnancy
Authors: Masten Megan , Kaliounji Haya , Chou Josephine , Tumolo Alexis , Hirshberg Jonathan S. , Sayres Lauren 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObstructive shock due to cardiac tamponade is a rare, life-threatening occurrence in the peripartum period. Etiologies include preeclampsia, infection, autoimmune conditions, and malignancy. Early recognition of the underlying disease process allows for multidisciplinary treatment and a favorable outcome.A 33-year-old presented for cardiac tamponade identified in the peripartum period. She was diagnosed with preeclampsia with severe features immediately prior to her repeat cesarean delivery and received magnesium prophylaxis. Postoperatively, she developed hypotension, tachycardia, and shortness of breath and was found to have a pericardial effusion with tamponade physiology. She underwent pericardial drain placement which was initially successful. However, she had recurrent symptomatic tamponade and thus a pericardial window was performed resulting in improvement of her symptoms. Workup revealed pericardial inflammation possibly secondary to a viral source, and she was successfully treated with anti-inflammatory therapy.We hypothesize that this patient's cardiac tamponade was caused by inflammatory pericarditis exacerbated by severe preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a disease characterized by cardiovascular remodeling and fluid shifts in other compartments and thus is theorized to have contributed to this patient's effusion. Cardiac tamponade should be considered in the differential for any parturient presenting with hypotension and shortness of breath.
Always trust your gut?
Authors: Vallerossa Francesco , Bardel Camilla 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study examines how three undergraduate beginner students of Italian as L3 make sense of Italian tense-aspect morphology based on other languages. All students had knowledge of Swedish, English, and French, in each case acquired in a particular chronological order. The participants completed two C-tests and three interpretation tests of aspectual contrasts in English, French, and Italian. The latter was complemented by written comments. The results of the Italian interpretation test varied depending on tense-aspect configurations. A qualitative analysis of the comments revealed four categories of metalinguistic reflections, referring to: (i) explicit rules, (ii) intuition, (iii) other languages, and (iv) uncertain/unknown, differently distributed among the students. The results suggest that the students relied on their L1(s) as well as their L2(s) depending on type of transfer, whether linguistic or conceptual, which is discussed in light of some recent L3 models.
Complete Hemifacial Paralysis Post-facelift: Making Sense of a Plastic Surgeon's Worst Nightmare
Authors: Venditto Chelsea M , Grotting James C , Auersvald Andre , Johnson Debra J , Labbé Daniel , Hodgkinson Darryl , Barrera Alfonso , Warren Richard J , Botti Giovanni , Von Laeken Nancy , Bald Madeline 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Postrhytidectomy hemifacial paralysis is a frightening clinical condition affecting the proximal facial nerve and most often associated with Bell's palsy. Associated symptoms are common and include auditory, salivary, vestibular, and gustatory complaints.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to provide increased awareness of postrhytidectomy hemifacial paralysis secondary to Bell's palsy in the plastic surgery community.

Methods
Following a roundtable discussion with the senior author's (J.C.G.) plastic surgery colleagues located all over the world, 8 surgeons reported having had firsthand experience with hemifacial paralysis in patients following facelift. Descriptions of their cases, including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative courses were collected and reported.

Results
A total of 10 cases of postrhytidectomy hemifacial paralysis were analyzed based on results of a clinical questionnaire. Eight of the 10 cases involved all facial nerve branches, with 2 cases sparing the marginal mandibular branch. The vast majority of cases were referred to a neurologist and steroids initiated. Two patients were returned to the operating room for exploration. Associated symptoms reported included pain in the ear, hearing loss, ocular symptoms such as tearing or dryness, vestibular symptoms such as vertigo, changes in taste, and in 1 patient an electric-shock type sensation to the face.

Conclusions
Hemifacial paralysis associated with Bell's palsy following rhytidectomy is a rare but known clinical entity that should be included in the preoperative informed consent process before facelift. Current management trends are neurology referral and steroid initiation.

Level of Evidence: 4