bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allocating Indivisible Goods to Strategic Agents: Pure Nash Equilibria and Fairness
Authors: Amanatidis Georgios , Birmpas Georgios , Fusco Federico , Lazos Philip , Leonardi Stefano , Reiffenhäuser Rebecca 
Published: November 2023

We consider the problem of fairly allocating a set of indivisible goods to a set of strategic agents with additive valuation functions. We assume no monetary transfers, and therefore, a mechanism in our setting is an algorithm that takes as input the reported—rather than the true—values of the agents. Our main goal is to explore whether there exist mechanisms that have pure Nash equilibria for every instance and, at the same time, provide fairness guarantees for the allocations that correspond to these equilibria. We focus on two relaxations of envy-freeness, namely, envy-freeness up to one good (EF1) and envy-freeness up to any good (EFX), and we positively answer the preceding question. In particular, we study two algorithms that are known to produce such allocations in the nonstrategic setting: round-robin (EF1 allocations for any number of agents) and a cut-and-choose algorithm of Plaut and Roughgarden (EFX allocations for two agents). For round-robin, we show that all of its pure Nash equilibria induce allocations that are EF1 with respect to the underlying true values, whereas for the algorithm of Plaut and Roughgarden, we show that the corresponding allocations not only are EFX, but also satisfy maximin share fairness, something that is not true for this algorithm in the nonstrategic setting! Further, we show that a weaker version of the latter result holds for any mechanism for two agents that always has pure Nash equilibria, which all induce EFX allocations. Funding: This work was supported by the Horizon 2020 European Research Council Advanced “Algorithmic and Mechanism Design Research in Online Markets” [Grant 788893], the Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Research project of national interest (PRIN) “Algorithms, Games, and Digital Markets,” the Future Artificial Intelligence Research project funded by the NextGenerationEU program within the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR-PE-AI) scheme [M4C2, investment 1.3, line on Artificial Intelligence], the National Recovery and Resilience Plan-Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (PNRR-MUR) project IR0000013-SoBigData.it, the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Veni Project [Grant VI.Veni.192.153], and the National Recovery and Resilience Plan Greece 2.0 funded by the European Union under the NextGenerationEU Program [Grant MIS 5154714].
Pregnancy care for maternal and fetal wellbeing: an ethnography study
Authors: Rahayu Kusila Devia , Hartiningsih Siti Sugih , Herawati Yanti , Hernawati Yeti , Kartika Ira , Rahmawati Naili , Sari Dian Purnama , Suryani Ida , Risyanti Berty , Syafrullah Haidir , Lestari Weny , Danismaya Irawan , Ermiati Ermiati , Arifin Hidayat 
Published: November 2023

Background/Aims In Indonesia, cultural beliefs affect holistic healthcare practices. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of cultural beliefs on maternity care and fetal wellbeing. Methods This study used an ethnographic-qualitative design and was conducted in a community setting in West Java, Indonesia. A total of 16 participants of Sundanese culture were recruited based on information from local health workers and community leaders. Questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and observation sheets were used to collect data on cultural beliefs that impacted pregnant women. Data were analysed using an editing analysis style. Results The seven themes were: dietary practices and restrictions during pregnancy, hygiene practices, managing sleep and drowsiness, sexual intimacy and interactions, cultural beliefs and religious devotion, family participation and challenges monitoring fetal wellbeing. Conclusions To ensure quality pregnancy and fetal care, and facilitate provision of basic needs and parental empowerment, healthcare workers must consider women's cultural beliefs.
Numerical security analysis of the three-state quantum key distribution protocol with realistic devices
Authors: Peng Sirui , Sun Xiaoming , Zhou Hongyi 
Published: November 2023

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method that utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics to establish secret keys. The central task in the study of QKD is to prove security in the presence of an eavesdropper with unlimited computational power. In this work, we successfully solve a long-standing open question of the security analysis for the three-state QKD protocol with realistic devices, i.e., the weak coherent-state source. We prove the existence of the squashing model for the measurement settings in the three-state protocol. This enables the reduction of measurement dimensionality, allowing for key rate computations using the numerical approach. We conduct numerical simulations to evaluate the key rate performance. The simulation results show that we achieve a communication distance of up to 200 km.
Identification and classification of factors affecting the non-use of safety harness at height among construction workers in Tehran
Authors: Sepehr Parvin , eshaghi Mahboobeh , Jabbari Mousa , Sadeghi Naeini Hassan , Ziaei Mansour , Salehi sahl abadi Ali 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
The accident of falling from a height is high among construction workers. Construction workers do not use harnesses. Thus, the present study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the non-use of harnesses among construction workers in Tehran, Iran.

Materials and methods
In this study was conducted by interviewing professors and construction workers in order to identify factors affecting the non-use of harness. Factors influencing the non-use of safety harnesses were identified from the workers’ point of view. The obtained data were classified and coded using MAXQDA 10 software. After that, the most essential, effective and powerful factors were identified using the degree and intersectionality of social network analysis.

Results
According to the interview results, 27 factors were determined as factors affecting the non-use of harnesses by construction workers and divided into four main groups. The four groups were harness design, management factors, harness comfort, and attitudinal factors. Based on the results of the degree centrality, the non-ergonomic design and attitude of the harness inefficiency were identified as the most influential and powerful factors. The betweenness indicator also showed that the non-ergonomic design could mediate other factors in the non-use of the harness.

Conclusion
The findings showed that by considering various factors such as considering more comfort in the design of the ergonomic harness, it produced a better product. Also, the use of safety harnesses by workers increases.
Gender-based violence among healthcare students: Prevalence, description and associated factors
Authors: Tavolacci Marie-Pierre , Karmaly Alice , El Gharbi-Hamza Najla , Veber Benoit , Ladner Joel 
Published: November 2023

Objectives
The aims of the current study were 1) to provide the prevalence of five types of gender-based violence (GBV) among male and female healthcare students; 2) to describe perpetrators’ status, where the GBV occurred, and psychological and behavioural impacts of the GBV; and 3) to identify factors associated with GBV.

Design
A cross-sectional study was conducted among voluntary healthcare students in France.

Setting
Health Campus at Rouen and nursing schools in Normandy, France.

Participants
Volunteer healthcare students of 18 years and over.

Data collected
Five types of GBV were recorded: GBV1: damage to a person’s image due to a sexual connotation on social networks, GBV2: sexist remarks and behaviour, GBV3: comments with sexual connotations, GBV4: sexual assaults and GBV5: rape or attempted rape. Perpetrators’ status, where the GBV occurred, psychological and behavioural impacts of GBV were also recorded.

Results
One thousand one hundred and fifty-two students were included. The mean age was 20.8 years (SD = 2.26), 82.6% of students were women (0.4% non-binary). Since the beginning of their healthcare study, 41.2% of students CI 95% [39.7–42.6] were victim of at least one type of GBV: 15.8% among men CI 95% [13.2–18.4] and 46.0% CI 95% [44.4–47.6] among women (p < 0.001). The perpetrators were student peers, regardless of the type of GBV, healthcare workers for the GB2 and GBV3, and patients except for GBV5. The main consequences of GBV on health was psychological and eating related. After multivariate analysis, being a woman, LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bi, Trans, Queer and other), a nurse, a physiotherapist student, having a job, living with roommates and year of study were risk factors for GBV.

Conclusion
GBV is so common at healthcare universities and could have such severe consequences for students that more work is needed to generate a culture change and ensure safe learning environments.
Characteristics of ciliary muscle profile in high myopes measured by swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Kwok Hiu Yin , Kwok Hoi Yee , Ng Tsz Nok , Leung Tsz-wing , Kang Byung Soo , Kee Chea-su 
Published: November 2023

Objective
To characterize and compare the ciliary muscle thickness (CMT) between low and high myopes using swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Methods
Forty visually healthy young Chinese adults aged 18–25 years were divided into two groups based on refractive errors: low myopia (n = 20, spherical-equivalent refractive error (SER) between −0.50 D to −3.00 D) and high myopia (n = 20, SER ≤ -6.00 D). Cycloplegic refractions were performed before axial length (AL) and CMT were measured using a partial coherence laser interferometer and an AS-OCT respectively. CMT was measured perpendicularly to the sclera-ciliary muscle interface at 1 mm (CMT_1), 2 mm (CMT_2), and 3 mm (CMT_3) posterior to the scleral spur, and at the location with maximal thickness (CMT_MAX).

Results
High myopes demonstrated thicker CMT at 2 mm (CMT_2, p = 0.035) and 3 mm (CMT_3, p = 0.003) posterior to the scleral spur, but thinner maximal CMT (CMT_MAX, p = 0.005) than low myopes. The apical CMT_1 and CMT_MAX were also thinner in high myopes than in low myopes (both p< 0.001). CMT_MAX, apical CMT_1, and apical CMT_MAX correlated directly with SER and inversely with AL; in contrast, CMT_2 and CMT_3 showed inverse correlations with SER but direct correlations with AL.

Conclusion
Our findings revealed significant differences in CMT between low and high myopes, with high myopes showing thicker CMT at 2 mm and 3 mm posterior to the scleral spur, but thinner maximal CMT. These results provide new evidence of the potential structural differences in ciliary muscles during myopia development and progression.
Imbalanced machine learning classification models for removal biosimilar drugs and increased activity in patients with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Castro Corredor David , Calvo Pascual Luis Ángel 
Published: November 2023

Objective
Predict long-term disease worsening and the removal of biosimilar medication in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Methodology
Observational, retrospective descriptive study. Review of a database of patients with immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases who switched from a biological drug (biosimilar or non-biosimilar) to a biosimilar drug for at least 6 months. We selected the most important variables, from 18 variables, using mutual information tests. As patients with disease worsening are a minority, it is very difficult to make models with conventional machine learning techniques, where the best models would always be trivial. For this reason, we computed different types of imbalanced machine learning models, choosing those with better f1-score and mean ROC AUC.

Results
We computed the best-imbalanced machine learning models to predict disease worsening and the removal of the biosimilar, with f1-scores of 0.52 and 0.63, respectively. Both models are decision trees. In the first one, two important factors are switching of biosimilar and age, and in the second, the relevant variables are optimization and the value of the initial PCR.

Conclusions
Biosimilar drugs do not always work well for rheumatic diseases. We obtain two imbalanced machine learning models to detect those cases, where the drug should be removed or where the activity of the disease increases from low to high. In our decision trees appear not previously studied variables, such as age, switching, or optimization.
Hepatocellular Brg1 promotes CCl4-induced liver inflammation, ECM accumulation and fibrosis in mice
Authors: Wang Baocai , Kaufmann Benedikt , Mogler Carolin , Zhong Suyang , Yin Yuhan , Cheng Zhangjun , Schmid Roland M. , Friess Helmut , Hüser Norbert , von Figura Guido , Hartmann Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
Hepatic fibrosis is a progressive pathological process involving the exhaustion of hepatocellular regenerative capacity and ultimately leading to the development of cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Brg1, the core subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex, was recently identified as important for liver regeneration. This study investigates the role of Brg1 in hepatic fibrosis development.

Methods
Hepatocyte-specific Brg1 knockout mice were generated and injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks to induce liver fibrosis. Afterwards, liver fibrosis and liver damage were assessed.

Results
Brg1 expression was significantly increased in the fibrotic liver tissue of wild-type mice, as compared to that of untreated wild-type mice. The livers of the Brg1 knockout animals showed reduced liver inflammation, extracellular matrix accumulation, and liver fibrosis. TNF-α and NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response was reduced in Brg1 knockout animals.

Conclusion
Brg1 promotes the progression of liver fibrosis in mice and may therefore be used as a potential therapeutic target for treating patients with liver fibrosis due to chronic injury.
High-risk human papillomavirus prevalence among South African women diagnosed with other STIs and BV
Authors: Qulu Wenkosi , Mtshali Andile , Osman Farzana , Ndlela Nonsikelelo , Ntuli Lungelo , Mzobe Gugulethu , Naicker Nivashnee , Garrett Nigel , Rompalo Anne , Mindel Adrian , Ngcapu Sinaye , Liebenberg Lenine 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a leading cause of cervical cancer. Although this relies on infection and persistence of HPV in epithelial cells, often occurring in the context of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and bacterial vaginosis (BV), data on the relationships between these and their relative effects on epithelial barrier integrity in women remain sparse. This study describes the epidemiology of HPV combined with STI and/or BV prevalence and the relative impact on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) among South African women.

Methods
Roche Linear Array was used for HPV genotyping in menstrual cup pellets of 243 HIV-negative women participating in the CAPRISA 083 cohort study. Vulvovaginal swabs were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis using Xpert® CT/NG assay and lateral flow assay, and Gram staining was performed to diagnose BV using Nugent scoring criteria. Concentrations of 5 MMPs were measured in menstrual cup supernatants by multiplexed ELISA. Fisher’s exact tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and multivariable regression models determined associations between HPV infection, STI and/or BV, and MMP concentrations.

Results
HPV was prevalent in 34% of women (83/243; median 23 years, interquartile range (IQR) 21–27 years). Low-risk (lr) (71%, 59/83) and high-risk (hr)-HPV infections (54.2%, 45/83) were common. Hr-HPV was frequently detected in STI and/or BV-positive women compared to women without STIs or BV (p = 0.029). In multivariable analysis, BV was associated with increased odds of hr-HPV detection (OR: 2.64, 95%CI: 1.02–6.87, p = 0.046). Furthermore, Gardasil®9 vaccine-type strains were more frequently detected in women diagnosed with STI and/or BV (55.2%, 32/58 vs 24%, 6/25; p = 0.009). Among STI and/or BV-positive women, HPV detection was significantly associated with increased MMP-10 concentrations (b = 0.55, 95% CI 0.79–1.01; p = 0.022).

Conclusion
Most women with hr-HPV had another STI and/or BV, emphasizing an urgent need for STI and BV screening and intensive scale-up of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination programmes. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for more extensive research to confirm and understand the relationship between HPV infection and barrier integrity.
Impact of youth lay health workers on HIV service delivery in South Africa: A pragmatic cluster randomized trial of the Youth Health Africa program
Authors: Tollefson Deanna , Dasgupta Sayan , Setswe Geoffrey , Reeves Sarah , Charalambous Salome , Duerr Ann 
Published: November 2023

Background
Innovative approaches are needed to increase lay health workers in HIV programs. The Youth Health Africa (YHA) program is a novel approach that places young adults seeking work experience in one-year internships in health facilities to support HIV-related programming (e.g., HIV testing) or administration (e.g., filing).

Methods
We implemented a pragmatic, randomized trial among 20 facilities in Ngaka Modiri Molema district in North West province from October 2020-August 2021 to assess impact of YHA interns on HIV testing, treatment initiation, and retention in care. The primary outcome was proportion of patients tested for HIV. Secondary outcomes assessed HIV positivity, initiation in care, retention in care, and HIV testing among males and adolescents/young adults. We conducted an intention-to-treat analysis accounting for variations in baseline outcomes between control and intervention facilities using difference-in-difference and controlled time series approaches. We repeated this using as-treated groupings for sensitivity analyses.

Results
Fifty interns were placed in 20 facilities; thirty-four interns remained at 18 facilities through August 2021. Compared to control facilities, intervention facilities had a greater improvement in HIV testing (ΔΔ+5.7%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -3.7%-15.1%) and treatment initiation (ΔΔ+10.3%, 95% CI: -27.8–48.5%), but these differences were not statistically significant. There was an immediate increase in HIV testing in intervention facilities after program interns were placed, which was not observed in control facilities; this difference was significant (ΔΔ+8.4%, 95% CI: 0.5–16.4%, p = 0.036). There were no other differences in outcomes observed between intervention and control facilities.

Conclusion
This was largely a null trial, but there were signals that program interns may have positive impact on HIV testing and treatment initiation. As implemented in this study, addition of YHA program interns had little impact on facility-based HIV service delivery. A higher number of interns placed per facility may be necessary to affect HIV services.

Trial registration
Registration: This trial was registered with the ISRCTN (Registration number: ISRCTN67031403) in October 2022.
Validation of the 12‐item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 in individuals with schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, and diabetes in Singapore
Authors: Abdin Edimansyah , Seet Vanessa , Jeyagurunathan Anitha , Tan Sing Chik , Mok Yee Ming , Verma Swapna , Lee Eng Sing , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: November 2023

Background
There is limited evidence on the reliability and validity of the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) in an Asian patient population with mental and physical disorders. The current study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the WHODAS 2.0 among patients with schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, and diabetes.

Methods
A total of 1076 patients (M  =  40.9 years, SD  =  14.7) were recruited from the outpatient clinics of a tertiary psychiatric hospital and a primary care clinic. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability, structural validity, convergent validity, agreement, and floor and ceiling effects were examined.

Results
Our confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that the 1-factor model fits our data. Multigroup CFA demonstrated metric and scalar invariance, indicating the scores can be compared across the four conditions. The WHODAS 2.0 scale had excellent reliability in the overall sample and good to excellent reliability across conditions. The test-retest reliability and agreement between self-administered and interviewer-administered modes were good. The WHODAS 2.0 scores had moderate to strong correlations with the Social and Occupational Functioning Scale and the Sheehan Disability Scale scores in the overall sample and across four conditions.

Conclusion
Findings suggest that the WHODAS 2.0 is a valid tool to measure functioning and disability in those with schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, and diabetes in an Asian patient population.
Post-Hypoglycemic hyperglycemia are highly relevant markers for stratification of glycemic variability and partial remission status of pediatric patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes
Authors: Harvengt Antoine A. , Polle Olivier G. , Martin Manon , van Maanen Aline , Gatto Laurent , Lysy Philippe A. 
Published: November 2023

Aims
To evaluate whether parameters of post-hypoglycemic hyperglycemia (PHH) correlated with glucose homeostasis during the first year after type 1 diabetes onset and helped to distinguish pediatric patients undergoing partial remission or not.

Methods
In the GLUREDIA (GLUcagon Response to hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with new-onset type 1 DIAbetes) study, longitudinal values of clinical parameters, continuous glucose monitoring metrics and residual β-cell secretion from children with new-onset type 1 diabetes were analyzed during the first year after disease onset. PHH parameters were calculated using an in-house algorithm. Correlations between PHH parameters (i.e., PHH frequency, PHH duration, PHH area under the curve [PHHAUC]) and glycemic homeostasis markers were studied using adjusted mixed-effects models.

Results
PHH parameters were strong markers to differentiate remitters from non-remitters with PHH/Hyperglycemia duration ratio being the most sensitive (ratio<0.02; sensitivity = 86% and specificity = 68%). PHHAUC moderately correlated with parameters of glucose homeostasis including TIR (R2 = 0.35, p-value < 0.05), coefficient of variation (R2 = 0.22, p-value < 0.05) and Insulin-Dose Adjusted A1c (IDAA1C) (R2 = 0.32, p-value < 0.05) and with residual β-cell secretion (R2 = 0.17, p-value < 0.05). Classification of patients into four previously described glucotypes independently validated PHH parameters as reliable markers of glucose homeostasis and improved the segregation of patients with intermediate values of IDAA1C and estimated C-peptide (CPEPEST). Finally, a combination of PHH parameters identified groups of patients with specific patterns of hypoglycemia.

Conclusion
PHH parameters are new minimal-invasive markers to discriminate remitters from non-remitters and evaluate glycemic homeostasis during the first year of type 1 diabetes. PHH parameters may also allow patient-targeted therapeutic management of hypoglycemic episodes.