bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The divorce cooling-off period in China: implementation, effects, and improvements
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Zhang Xiaomei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In recent years, rash divorces have become increasingly common in China, largely due to the simplified divorce process by registration. To address this issue, based on the pilot programme in some regions of China and reference to beneficial overseas legislative experience, Article 1077 of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China (CCPRC) introduced a divorce cooling-off period. In this work, we conduct empirical analysis to reveal the effectiveness of this cooling-off period in curbing rash divorces. It is revealed that the new legislation has led to a reduction in both registered divorces and the crude divorce rate. Despite its success, we find that the cooling-off period implemented by the CCPRC has some drawbacks. These include the excessive restriction of divorce freedom, the failure of this period to maximize the deterrent effects on rash divorce, as well as occasional misuse to delay divorce. In this regard, the authors propose necessary revisions for further improvement.
A Descriptive Analysis of Blood Products Utilized by a Forward Deployed Surgical Team in Syria
Authors: Grimsley Bailey M , Mann-Salinas Elizabeth , Becker Tyson 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Traumatically injured combat casualties urgently need both blood and surgery. Forward Surgical Teams (FSTs) or Role 2 (R2) surgical teams were created to minimize the time-space distance from point of injury to damage control surgery. Our goal is to describe the use of blood products from a Split FST deployed to Green Village from July 2018 to April 2019.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective review of a collection of patients treated by a single R2 was conducted following institutional regulatory approval. De-identified data were input into the study database and were then retrospectively reviewed for patients who presented to and received treatment at the R2 facility.

Results
Of the 470 total patients treated in 10 months: 226 (48%) received blood products and 132 (28%) underwent operative procedures. The patients were 98% male; 74% Host Nationals (HN), 24% North American Treaty Organization members. Mechanism of injury was 75% explosive and 98% penetrating. Documented Injury Severity Scores (n = 214) were: &lt;9 (n = 57/27%), 9 to 15 (n = 34/16%), 16 to 25 (n = 64/30%), and &gt;25 (n = 59/28%). In total 1,052 units of blood products were administered: whole blood (n = 495), red blood cells (n = 200), fresh frozen plasma (n = 109), and liquid plasma (n = 248). HN whole blood used was 337/495 (68%) units for 78 patients; walking blood bank was mobilized six times for HN patients. Of the patients seen, &gt;99% who arrived with a pulse survived to be discharged to a higher level of care.

Conclusions
This analysis describes blood usage associated with one high volume forward deployed operative team and demonstrates the vital importance of the R2 split FST to provide coalition forces with surgical care in proximity to the point of injury. Over time, the supply chain has improved with more component therapy available at R2s; however, the need for walking blood bank and innovative solutions to care for all casualties must be part of small team capabilities. Liquid plasma use should be expanded as soon as it is feasible.
Orbits and dynamical masses for the active Hyades multiple system HD 284163
Authors: Torres Guillermo , Schaefer Gail H , Stefanik Robert P , Latham David W , Jones Jeremy , Lanthermann Cyprien , Monnier John D , Kraus Stefan , Anugu Narsireddy , ten Brummelaar Theo , Chhabra Sorabh , Codron Isabelle , Ennis Jacob , Gardner Tyler , Gutierrez Mayra , Ibrahim Noura , Labdon Aaron , Mortimer Dan , Setterholm Benjamin R 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report near-infrared long-baseline interferometric observations of the Hyades multiple system HD 284163, made with the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy array, as well as almost 43 yr of high-resolution spectroscopic monitoring at the Center for Astrophysics. Both types of observations resolve the 2.39 d inner binary, and also an outer companion in a 43.1 yr orbit. Our observations, combined with others from the literature, allow us to solve for the 3D inner and outer orbits, which are found to be at nearly right angles to each other. We determine the dynamical masses of the three stars (good to better than 1.4 per cent for the inner pair), as well as the orbital parallax. The secondary component (0.5245 ± 0.0047 M⊙) is now the lowest mass star with a dynamical mass measurement in the cluster. A comparison of these measurements with current stellar evolution models for the age and metallicity of the Hyades shows good agreement. All three stars display significant levels of chromospheric activity, consistent with the classification of HD 284163 as an RS CVn object. We present evidence that a more distant fourth star is physically associated, making this a hierarchical quadruple system.
Stellar triples with chemically homogeneously evolving inner binaries
Authors: Dorozsmai Andris , Toonen Silvia , Vigna-Gómez Alejandro , de Mink Selma E , Kummer Floris 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Observations suggest that massive stellar triples are common. However, their evolution is not yet fully understood. We investigate the evolution of hierarchical triples in which the stars of the inner binary experience chemically homogeneous evolution (CHE), particularly to understand the role of the tertiary star in the formation of gravitational-wave (GW) sources. We use the triple-star rapid population synthesis code tres to determine the evolution of these systems at two representative metallicities: Z = 0.005 and Z = 0.0005. About half of all triples harbouring a CHE inner binary (CHE triples) experience tertiary mass transfer (TMT) episodes, an event which is rare for classically evolving stars. In the majority of TMT episodes, the inner binary consists of two main-sequence stars (58–60 per  cent) or two black holes (BHs, 24–31 per cent). Additionally, we explore the role of von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai (ZLK) oscillations for CHE triples. ZLK oscillations can result in eccentric stellar mergers or lead to the formation of eccentric compact binaries in systems with initial outer pericentre smaller than ∼ 1200 R⊙. Approximately 24–30 per cent of CHE triples form GW sources, and in 31 per cent of these, the tertiary star plays a significant role and leads to configurations that are not predicted for isolated binaries. We conclude that the evolution of CHE binaries can be affected by a close tertiary companion, resulting in astronomical transients such as BH–BH binaries that merge via GW emission orders of magnitude faster than their isolated binary counterparts and tertiary-driven massive stellar mergers.
TOI-544 b: a potential water-world inside the radius valley in a two-planet system
Authors: Osborne H L M , Van Eylen V , Goffo E , Gandolfi D , Nowak G , Persson C M , Livingston J , Weeks A , Pallé E , Luque R , Hellier C , Carleo I , Redfield S , Hirano T , Garbaccio Gili M , Alarcon J , Barragán O , Casasayas-Barris N , Díaz M R , Esposito M , Knudstrup E , Jenkins J S , Murgas F , Orell-Miquel J , Rodler F , Serrano L , Stangret M , Albrecht S H , Alqasim A , Cochran W D , Deeg H J , Fridlund M , Hatzes A P , Korth J , Lam K W F 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report on the precise radial velocity follow-up of TOI-544 (HD 290498), a bright K star (V = 10.8), which hosts a small transiting planet recently discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We collected 122 high-resolution High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) and HARPS-N spectra to spectroscopically confirm the transiting planet and measure its mass. The nearly 3-yr baseline of our follow-up allowed us to unveil the presence of an additional, non-transiting, longer-period companion planet. We derived a radius and mass for the inner planet, TOI-544 b, of 2.018 ± 0.076 R⊕ and 2.89 ± 0.48 M⊕, respectively, which gives a bulk density of $1.93^{+0.30}_{-0.25}$ g cm−3. TOI-544 c has a minimum mass of 21.5 ± 2.0 M⊕ and orbital period of 50.1 ± 0.2 d. The low density of planet-b implies that it has either an Earth-like rocky core with a hydrogen atmosphere, or a composition which harbours a significant fraction of water. The composition interpretation is degenerate depending on the specific choice of planet interior models used. Additionally, TOI-544 b has an orbital period of 1.55 d and equilibrium temperature of 999 ± 14 K, placing it within the predicted location of the radius valley, where few planets are expected. TOI-544 b is a top target for future atmospheric observations, for example with JWST, which would enable better constraints of the planet composition.
Nebular emission from young stellar populations including binary stars
Authors: Lecroq Marie , Charlot Stéphane , Bressan Alessandro , Bruzual Gustavo , Costa Guglielmo , Iorio Giuliano , Spera Mario , Mapelli Michela , Chen Yang , Chevallard Jacopo , Dall’Amico Marco 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate the nebular emission produced by young stellar populations using the new galsevn model based on the combination of the sevn population-synthesis code including binary-star processes and the galaxev code for the spectral evolution of stellar populations. Photoionization calculations performed with the cloudy code confirm that accounting for binary-star processes strongly influences the predicted emission-line properties of young galaxies. In particular, we find that our model naturally reproduces the strong He ii λ4686/H β ratios commonly observed at high H β equivalent widths in metal-poor, actively star-forming galaxies, which have proven challenging to reproduce using previous models. Including bursty star formation histories broadens the agreement with observations, while the most extreme He ii λ1640 equivalent widths can be reproduced by models dominated by massive stars. galsevn also enables us to compute, for the first time in a way physically consistent with stellar emission, the emission from accretion discs of X-ray binaries (XRBs) and radiative shocks driven by stellar winds and supernova explosions. We find that these contributions are unlikely to prominently affect the predicted He ii λ4686/H β ratio, and that previous claims of a significant contribution by XRBs to the luminosities of high-ionization lines are based on models predicting improbably high ratios of X-ray luminosity to star formation rate, inconsistent with the observed average luminosity function of XRBs in nearby galaxies. The results presented here provide a solid basis for a more comprehensive investigation of the physical properties of observed galaxies with galsevn using Bayesian inference.
Biophysical and structural characterization of a multifunctional viral genome packaging motor
Authors: Prokhorov Nikolai S , Davis Christal R , Maruthi Kashyap , Yang Qin , Sherman Michael B , Woodson Michael , White Mark A , Miller Lohra M , Jarrold Martin F , Catalano Carlos E , Morais Marc C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The large dsDNA viruses replicate their DNA as concatemers consisting of multiple covalently linked genomes. Genome packaging is catalyzed by a terminase enzyme that excises individual genomes from concatemers and packages them into preassembled procapsids. These disparate tasks are catalyzed by terminase alternating between two distinct states—a stable nuclease that excises individual genomes and a dynamic motor that translocates DNA into the procapsid. It was proposed that bacteriophage λ terminase assembles as an anti-parallel dimer-of-dimers nuclease complex at the packaging initiation site. In contrast, all characterized packaging motors are composed of five terminase subunits bound to the procapsid in a parallel orientation. Here, we describe biophysical and structural characterization of the λ holoenzyme complex assembled in solution. Analytical ultracentrifugation, small angle X-ray scattering, and native mass spectrometry indicate that 5 subunits assemble a cone-shaped terminase complex. Classification of cryoEM images reveals starfish-like rings with skewed pentameric symmetry and one special subunit. We propose a model wherein nuclease domains of two subunits alternate between a dimeric head-to-head arrangement for genome maturation and a fully parallel arrangement during genome packaging. Given that genome packaging is strongly conserved in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses, the results have broad biological implications.
A prophage encoded ribosomal RNA methyltransferase regulates the virulence of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)
Authors: Gong Chen , Chakraborty Dolonchapa , Koudelka Gerald B 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Shiga toxin (Stx) released by Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes life-threatening illness. Its production and release require induction of Stx-encoding prophage resident within the STEC genome. We identified two different STEC strains, PA2 and PA8, bearing Stx-encoding prophage whose sequences primarily differ by the position of an IS629 insertion element, yet differ in their abilities to kill eukaryotic cells and whose prophages differ in their spontaneous induction frequencies. The IS629 element in ϕPA2, disrupts an ORF predicted to encode a DNA adenine methyltransferase, whereas in ϕPA8, this element lies in an intergenic region. Introducing a plasmid expressing the methyltransferase gene product into ϕPA2 bearing-strains increases both the prophage spontaneous induction frequency and virulence to those exhibited by ϕPA8 bearing-strains. However, a plasmid bearing mutations predicted to disrupt the putative active site of the methyltransferase does not complement either of these defects. When complexed with a second protein, the methyltransferase holoenzyme preferentially uses 16S rRNA as a substrate. The second subunit is responsible for directing the preferential methylation of rRNA. Together these findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for rRNA methylation in regulating induction of Stx-encoding prophage.
The cysteine-rich domain in CENP-A chaperone Scm3HJURP ensures centromere targeting and kinetochore integrity
Authors: Folco H Diego , Xiao Hua , Wheeler David , Feng Hanqiao , Bai Yawen , Grewal Shiv I S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Centromeric chromatin plays a crucial role in kinetochore assembly and chromosome segregation. Centromeres are specified through the loading of the histone H3 variant CENP-A by the conserved chaperone Scm3/HJURP. The N-terminus of Scm3/HJURP interacts with CENP-A, while the C-terminus facilitates centromere localization by interacting with the Mis18 holocomplex via a small domain, called the Mis16-binding domain (Mis16-BD) in fission yeast. Fungal Scm3 proteins contain an additional conserved cysteine-rich domain (CYS) of unknown function. Here, we find that CYS binds zinc in vitro and is essential for the localization and function of fission yeast Scm3. Disrupting CYS by deletion or introduction of point mutations within its zinc-binding motif prevents Scm3 centromere localization and compromises kinetochore integrity. Interestingly, CYS alone can localize to the centromere, albeit weakly, but its targeting is greatly enhanced when combined with Mis16-BD. Expressing a truncated protein containing both Mis16-BD and CYS, but lacking the CENP-A binding domain, causes toxicity and is accompanied by considerable chromosome missegregation and kinetochore loss. These effects can be mitigated by mutating the CYS zinc-binding motif. Collectively, our findings establish the essential role of the cysteine-rich domain in fungal Scm3 proteins and provide valuable insights into the mechanism of Scm3 centromere targeting.
Pandemic preparedness from the perspective of Occupational Health professionals
Authors: Chen Y , Ingram C , Downey V , Roe M , Sripaiboonkij P , Buckley C M , Alvarez E , Perrotta C , Buggy C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Prior to any infectious disease emergence as a public health concern, early occupational preparedness is crucial for protecting employees from novel pathogens— coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is no different.

Aims
This study ascertains how occupational safety and health (OSH)/Human Resource (HR) professionals in the Republic of Ireland had managed to prepare their workplaces prior to the advent of COVID-19.

METHODS
As part of a larger COVID-19 workplace study, online focus groups were conducted with OSH/HR professionals. Collected data were transcribed verbatim and entered into NVivo for thematic analysis incorporating intercoder reliability testing.

RESULTS
Fifteen focus groups were conducted with OSH/HR professionals (n = 60) from various occupational settings. Three levels of organizational preparedness were identified: ‘early awareness and preparation’; ‘unaware and not ready’ and ‘aware, but not ready’. Most organizations were aware of the COVID-19 severity, but not fully prepared for the pandemic, especially stand-alone enterprises that may not have sufficient resources to cope with an unanticipated crisis. The experiences shared by OSH professionals illustrate their agility in applying risk management and control skills to unanticipated public/occupational health crises that arise.

Conclusions
General pandemic preparedness such as the availability of work-from-home policies, emergency scenario planning and prior experience in workplace outbreaks of infectious diseases were helpful for workplace-associated COVID-19 prevention. This is the first study conducted with OSH/HR professionals in Ireland regarding COVID-19 preparedness in workplaces, which provides valuable insights into research literature, as well as empirical experience for the preparation of future public health emergencies.
Impaired hospitalized patient mobility is associated with nurse injuries
Authors: McLaughlin K H , Young D L , Colantuoni E , Funk K , Stone A M , Ballreich J , Hoyer E H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Staff injuries adversely affect the health of staff members as well the ability of health care teams to effectively care for patients. Identifying patients who pose an increased risk of injury may allow for the planning of risk mitigation strategies, but few studies have examined patient factors associated with staff injury risk.

Aims
Examine the relationship between staff injury and patient mobility, which has been linked to other key hospital outcomes.

Methods
Linking occupational health and electronic medical record data, we examined documented patient mobility levels, based on the Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AM-PAC) and the Johns Hopkins Highest Level of Mobility (JH-HLM) Scale, on the day prior to injury. In addition, we created a matched cohort of control patients not associated with staff injury to examine the influence of patient mobility on the odds of staff injury.

Results
We identified 199 staff injuries associated with 181 patients with 1063 matched controls. Patients had median scores of 11 and 3 on the AM-PAC and JH-HLM, respectively, indicating moderate–severe mobility impairments. In addition, scores in the lowest AM-PAC tertile (6–15) and lowest JH-HLM tertile (1–4) were associated with a 4.46-fold and 2.90-fold increase in the odds of nurse injury, respectively.

Conclusions
These results indicate that moderate–severe mobility impairments are associated with increased risk of nurse injury. Hospitals and clinical care teams should consider documenting mobility routinely and utilizing these values to identify patients who pose an increased risk of nurse injury.
How Veeries vary: Whole genome sequencing resolves genetic structure in a long-distance migratory bird
Authors: Kimmitt Abigail A , Pegan Teresa M , Jones Andrew W , Winker Kevin , Winger Benjamin M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In high-latitude species with high dispersal ability, such as long-distance migratory birds, populations are often assumed to exhibit little genetic structure due to high gene flow or recent postglacial expansion. We sequenced over 120 low-coverage whole genomes from across the breeding range of a long-distance migratory bird, the Veery (Catharus fuscescens), revealing strong evidence for isolation by distance. Additionally, we found distinct genetic structure between boreal, western montane U.S., and southern Appalachian sampling regions. We suggest that population genetic structure in this highly migratory species is detectable with the high resolution afforded by whole-genomic data because, similar to many migratory birds, the Veery exhibits high breeding-site fidelity, which likely limits gene flow. Resolution of isolation by distance across the breeding range was sufficient to assign likely breeding origins of individuals sampled in this species’ poorly understood South American nonbreeding range, demonstrating the potential to assess migratory connectivity in this species using genomic data. As the Veery’s breeding range extends across both historically glaciated and unglaciated regions in North America, we also evaluated whether contemporary patterns of structure and genetic diversity are consistent with historical population isolation in glacial refugia. We found that patterns of genetic diversity did not support southern montane regions (southern Appalachians or western U.S. mountains) as glacial refugia. Overall, our findings suggest that isolation by distance yields subtle associations between genetic structure and geography across the breeding range of this highly vagile species even in the absence of obvious historical vicariance or contemporary barriers to dispersal.
Transcription factor RhRAP2.4L orchestrates cell proliferation and expansion to control petal size in rose
Authors: Wang Yaru , Qin Meizhu , Zhang Guifang , Lu Jingyun , Zhang Chengkun , Ma Nan , Sun Xiaoming , Gao Junping 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Maintaining proper flower size is vital for plant reproduction and adaption to the environment. Petal size is determined by spatiotemporally regulated cell proliferation and expansion. However, the mechanisms underlying the orchestration of cell proliferation and expansion during petal growth remains elusive. Here, we determined that the transition from cell proliferation to expansion involves a series of distinct and overlapping processes during rose (Rosa hybrida) petal growth. Changes in cytokinin content were associated with the transition from cell proliferation to expansion during petal growth. RNA sequencing identified the AP2/ERF transcription factor gene RELATED TO AP2 4-LIKE (RhRAP2.4L), whose expression pattern positively associated with cytokinin levels during rose petal development. Silencing RhRAP2.4L promoted the transition from cell proliferation to expansion and decreased petal size. RhRAP2.4L regulates cell proliferation by directly repressing the expression of KIP RELATED PROTEIN 2 (RhKRP2), encoding a cell cycle inhibitor. In addition, we also identified BIG PETALub (RhBPEub) as another direct target gene of RhRAP2.4L. Silencing RhBPEub decreased cell size, leading to reduced petal size. Furthermore, the cytokinin signaling protein ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 14 (RhARR14) activated RhRAP2.4L expression to inhibit the transition from cell proliferation to expansion, thereby regulating petal size. Our results demonstrate that RhRAP2.4L performs dual functions in orchestrating cell proliferation and expansion during petal growth.