bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Canonical Transient Receptor Potential 1 Plays a Role in Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF)/FGF Receptor-1-Induced Ca2+ Entry and Embryonic Rat Neural Stem Cell Proliferation
Authors: Pla Alessandra Fiorio , Maric Dragan , Brazer So-Ching , Giacobini Paolo , Liu Xibao , Chang Yoong Hee , Ambudkar Indu S. , Barker Jeffery L. 
Published: March 2005

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and its major receptor FGF receptor-1 (FGFR-1) play an important role in the development of the cortex. The mechanisms underlying the mitogenic role of bFGF/FGFR-1 signaling have not been elucidated. Intracellular Ca2+concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in proliferating cortical neuroepithelial cells are markedly dependent on Ca2+entry (Maric et al., 2000a). The absence of voltage-dependent Ca2+entry channels, which emerge later, indicates that other membrane mechanisms regulate [Ca2+]iduring proliferation. Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) family channels are candidates because they are voltage independent and are expressed during CNS development (Strübing et al., 2003).Here, we investigated the involvement of TRPC1 in bFGF-mediated Ca2+entry and proliferation of embryonic rat neural stem cells (NSCs). Both TRPC1 and FGFR-1 are expressed in the embryonic rat telencephalon and coimmunoprecipitate. Quantitative fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses of phenotyped telencephalic dissociates show that ∼80% of NSCs are TRPC1+, proliferating, and express FGFR-1. Like NSCs profiledex vivo, NSC-derived progeny proliferatingin vitrocoexpress TRPC1 and FGFR1. Antisense knock-down of TRPC1 significantly decreases bFGF-mediated proliferation of NSC progeny, reduces the Ca2+entry component of the Cai2+response to bFGF without affecting Ca2+release from intracellular stores or 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol-induced Ca2+entry, and significantly blocks an inward cation current evoked by bFGF in proliferating NSCs. Both Ca2+influx evoked by bFGF and NSC proliferation are attenuated by Gd3+andSKF96365, two antagonists of agonist-stimulated Ca2+entry. Together, these results show that TRPC1 contributes to bFGF/FGFR-1-induced Ca2+influx, which is involved in self-renewal of embryonic rat NSCs.
Gepulste digitale Holografie für Schwingungsmessungen an schwer zugänglichen Oberflächen (Pulsed Digital Holography for Vibration Measurement of Inner Surfaces)
Authors: Pedrini Giancarlo , Alexeenko Igor , Osten Wolfgang 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
Drei interferometrische Systeme unter Verwendung eines starren bzw. flexiblen Endoskops sowie eines miniaturisierten Messkopfs werden behandelt. Durch den Einsatz der gepulsten digitalen Holografie werden auf diesem Wege dynamische Verformungsmessungen an schwer zugänglichen Oberflächen auch unter industriellen Bedingungen ermöglicht.
Retrospective family study of childhood medulloblastoma
Authors: Ng David , Stavrou Theodora , Liu Ling , Taylor Michael D. , Gold Bert , Dean Michael , Kelley Michael J. , Dubovsky Elizabeth C. , Vezina Gilbert , Nicholson H.S. , Byrne Julianne , Rutka James T. , Hogg David , Reaman Gregory H. , Goldstein Alisa M. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractMedulloblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor of childhood and can occur sporadically or in association with inherited cancer susceptibility syndromes such as the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS). To determine whether an association existed between the risk of developing medulloblastoma and undiagnosed syndromes, we retrospectively reviewed clinical data on 33 patients with medulloblastoma from a single institution and compared them with their unaffected relatives (n = 46). Six patients had tumors showing desmoplastic histology. Two of the six met diagnostic criteria for NBCCS. One NBCCS patient had a missense mutation of patched‐1 (PTCH1); the other had no identifiable PTCH1 mutation. Two patients with isolated desmoplastic medulloblastoma had an insertion and splice site mutation, respectively, in suppressor of fused (SUFU). All patients with nondesmoplastic medulloblastoma histology received molecular testing for SUFU. None of these patients had an identifiable mutation in PTCH1 or SUFU. We performed a clinical evaluation for Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS) in four medulloblastoma families, who exhibited macrocephaly as the only finding consistent with the diagnosis of GCPS. Molecular analysis of GLI3 in these four families was negative. There was a paucity of clinical findings among the majority of medulloblastoma patients in this study group to suggest a definable cancer genetic syndrome. We conclude that clinically recognizable syndromes are uncommon among patients with medulloblastoma, however, PTCH1 and SUFU mutations are present at a low but significant frequency. Published 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrophilic Activation and Cycloisomerization of Enynes: A New Route to Functional Cyclopropanes
Authors: Bruneau Christian 
Published: March 2005

AbstractTransformations of enynes in the presence of transition‐metal catalysts have played an important role in the preparation of a variety of cyclic compounds. Recent developments in the activation of triple carbon–carbon bonds by electrophilic metal centers have provided a new entry to the selective synthesis of cyclopropane derivatives from enynes. The mechanisms of these reactions involve catalytic species with both ionic and cyclopropylcarbenoid character. This type of activation will undoubtedly be further developed for application to other unsaturated hydrocarbons and inspire new catalytic cascade reaction sequences. This Minireview discusses the recent developments in electrophilic activation of enynes and shows that simple catalysts such as [Ru3(CO)12], PtCl2, and cationic gold complexes are efficient precursors to promote the formation of functional polyclic compounds.
Simultaneous Encapsulation: Molecules Held at Close Range
Authors: Rebek Julius 
Published: March 2005

AbstractReversible encapsulation creates spaces where molecules are temporarily isolated from others in solution. Molecules are held within the space of the capsule for lifetimes ranging from milliseconds to hours, and conventional NMR spectroscopy can be used to report on the chemical and magnetic environment as well as the arrangement of the molecules in the encapsulation complex. The complexes self‐assemble when, and only when, the spaces inside the capsules are appropriately filled. The weak intermolecular forces that hold these self‐assemblies together allow equilibration of the encapsulation complexes at ambient temperatures and pressures in the liquid phase. When two or more molecules are simultaneously encapsulated, intermolecular phenomena are revealed in solution that cannot be observed by other methods. We describe here the unique behavior that emerges from molecules that are simultaneously encapsulated and includes new forms of stereochemistry, isomerism, and asymmetry inside capsules.
Electron‐beam irradiation of low‐density polyethylene in the presence of phenolic stabilizer, carboxylic acid stabilizer, or both
Authors: Ali Z. I. , Legocka I. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe effects of Irganox 1010 and citric acid as antioxidants and modifiers of the network structure and mechanical and thermal properties of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) during electron‐beam crosslinking with different irradiation doses (up to 120 kGy) were investigated. The results showed that the addition of these stabilizers had a retarding effect on the gel fraction of LDPE within the investigated range of electron‐beam‐irradiation doses. However, a noticeable effect on the gel fraction was found for the LDPE formulations compounded with citric acid alone or with its mixture with Irganox 1010 (in an equal ratio), as illustrated by a study of the gel‐fraction/dose relationships. Tensile testing measurements showed that the addition of both stabilizers caused a slight reduction in the stress at break and an increase in the strain at break. On the other hand, the thermal properties of the LDPE batches crosslinked with electron‐beam irradiation were greatly improved as a result of the compounding with these stabilizers, as shown by thermogravimetric analysis studies. In this respect, the temperatures at different weight losses, the temperatures of the maximum rate of thermal decomposition, and the activation energies indicated that compounding with citric acid was more effective for stabilization against thermal decomposition than compounding with Irganox alone or a mixture. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1275–1286, 2005
Reducing the glucose uptake rate in Escherichia coli affects growth rate but not protein production
Authors: Picon A. , Teixeira de Mattos M.J. , Postma P.W. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractAlthough glucose is an inexpensive substrate widely used as a carbon source in Escherichia coli recombinant fermentation technology, 10–30% of the carbon supply is wasted by excreting acetate. In addition to the loss of carbon source, the excretion of a weak acid may result in increased energetic demands and hence a decreased yield. Because glucose can enter the cell via several transport systems, isogenic strains defective in one or two of these transport systems were constructed. The effects of changes in the glucose uptake capacity on the in vivo flux distribution to a desired end product (β‐galactosidase) and to acetate were studied. The lack of one of the components (IICBGlc protein) of the glucose‐ phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system (Glc‐PTS) reduced the growth rate significantly. The maintenance of a low‐copy plasmid in this strain resulted in further arrest of the growth rate. However, β‐galactosidase production had no effect on growth rate. This strain directed more carbon into biomass and carbon dioxide, and less into acetate. β‐Galactosidase was produced in amounts not significantly different from the wild‐type strain from half the amount of glucose. An explanation for the experimental results is given, making use of published results on metabolic regulation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Mesoporous Pt/TiO2 Nanoarchitecture with Catalytic and Photocatalytic Functions
Authors: Wang Xinchen , Yu Jimmy C. , Yip Ho Yin , Wu Ling , Wong Po Keung , Lai Suk Yin 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA novel metal/semiconductor nanocomposite with catalytic and photocatalytic functions has been prepared. The new material consists of highly dispersed platinum (Pt) nanoparticles embedded in a cubic mesoporous nanocrystalline anatase (meso‐nc‐TiO2) thin film. The porous thin film possesses a narrow pore‐size distribution and a large surface area. The diameter of the Pt cluster can be controlled to below 5 nm, and the high dispersion of these clusters gives rise to catalytic activity for the oxidation of carbon monoxide, an important reaction for automobile exhaust treatment. This novel ordered mesoporous Pt/TiO2 nanoarchitecture is also a promising photochemical material, as demonstrated by the photo‐driven killing of Micrococcus lylae cells on the film.
Roxarsone and transformation products in chicken manure: Determination by capillary electrophoresis‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Rosal Charlita G. , Momplaisir Georges‐Marie , Heithmar Edward M. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe determination of the animal feed additive roxarsone (3‐nitro‐4‐hydroxyphenylarsonic acid) and six of its possible transformation products (arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonate, dimethylarsinate, 3‐amino‐4‐hydroxyphenylarsonic acid, and 4‐hydroxyphenylarsonic acid) in chicken manure was investigated using capillary electrophoresis‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (CE‐ICP‐MS). Initial method development was conducted using ultraviolet (UV) detection for ruggedness and time efficiency. Separation of these seven arsenic species was effected using a 20 mM phosphate buffer at pH 5.7. The CE‐ICP‐MS limits of detection in terms of As for each of the species was in the low µg·L−1 range, corresponding to absolute detection limits in the range 20–70 fg As (based on a 23 nL injection). Overall, the method developed in this study provides high selectivity and low limits of detection (1–3 µg·L−1 or low‐ppb, based on As), uses small sample volume (low nL), and produces minimal wastes.
Overexpression of genes on 16q associated with cisplatin resistance of testicular germ cell tumor cell lines
Authors: Wilson Charlotte , Yang Jinshu , Strefford Jon C. , Summersgill Brenda , Young Bryan D. , Shipley Janet , Oliver Tim , Lu Yong‐Jie 
Published: March 2005

AbstractTesticular germ‐cell tumors (TGCTs) show exquisite sensitivity to cisplatin‐based chemotherapy, and therefore this is considered a good model system for studying the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance. Although the genetic alterations related to TGCT have been well studied, little is known about the genetic basis of chemotherapy resistance, which occurs in a small proportion of TGCTs. In this study, we investigated genomic and expression differences between three cisplatin‐sensitive and their paired cisplatin‐resistant lines using combined whole‐genome screen approaches. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis on chromosomes revealed genetic differences between the resistant and parent cell lines in each pair, but did not show any consistent chromosome changes in all three lines. Microarray CGH analysis generated some additional information of DNA copy number gains and losses including some important oncogenes, tumor‐suppressor genes, and drug‐resistance‐related genes. However, no consistent genomic region changes were found in the three cell lines. Interestingly, when comparative expressed sequence hybridization, a technique for gene expression profiling along chromosomes, was applied, we discovered a consistently overexpressed chromosomal region in all three resistant lines compared with their parent lines. The minimum overlapping chromosomal region is at 16q22–23. Further definition of genes in this chromosomal region will aid our understanding of the mechanism of cisplatin resistance and may offer novel therapeutic targets. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The growth of supply and demand of occupational‐based training and certification in the United States, 1990–2003
Authors: Carter Shani D. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe 1990s and early 2000s saw the increased development of advanced training, skills standards, and certification exams by private organizations in the United States. Employers began accepting these skill certifications in lieu of traditional on‐the‐job training, thereby encouraging employees to acquire more credentials. This article examines the increase in the number of skill certifications available, discusses legislative causes of these increases, and notes the current lack of published peer‐reviewed analyses of statistical reliability and validity of certification exams. It presents a call for future research to determine the usefulness of certification.
Development and validation of the learning transfer system inventory in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Hsin‐Chih , Holton III E. F. , Bates Reid 
Published: March 2005

AbstractDue to globalization in recent years, organizations and the government in Taiwan take developing human expertise more seriously than ever before. However, human resource development evaluation practices in Taiwan have somewhat overlooked connecting training to transfer and organizational results. To help close the gap, organizations in Taiwan need a valid and reliable instrument to assess transfer issues. This study validated a research‐based instrument in the United States, the Learning Transfer System Inventory (LTSI), for use in Taiwan. A heterogeneous sample containing 583 responses from twenty organizations was collected. Through a rigorous translation process with qualitatively subjective, quantitatively objective, and pilot evaluations of the translation as well as common factor analyses, a Taiwan version of the LTSI (TLTSI), which contained fifteen statistically reliable factors, was validated. This study also extended the LTSI's generalizability and provided comparable measures of transfer systems between Taiwan and the United States. Translation issues, suggestions for improving the LTSI, implications for HRD, and future research directions are discussed.
Controlled release of heparin from polypyrrole‐poly(vinyl alcohol) assembly by electrical stimulation
Authors: Li Yali , Neoh K. G. , Kang E. T. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA surface modification technique was developed for the covalent immobilization of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)‐heparin hydrogel onto electrically conductive polypyrrole (PPY) film with the objective of achieving controlled release of heparin. First, aldehyde groups were introduced onto PPY film through poly(ethylene glycol) monomethacrylate graft copolymerization and subsequent oxidation in acetic anhydride and dimethyl sulfoxide mixture. Then, the prepared PVA‐heparin hydrogel was cast onto the PPY film and covalently immobilized to the film through the reaction between the aldehyde groups on the PPY film and the hydroxyl groups of PVA. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to characterize the surface‐modified film after each stage. The strong attachment of the PVA‐heparin layer on the PPY film was confirmed by peel test and scanning electron microscopy. The release behavior of heparin from the substrate with and without electrical stimulation was studied and the experimental results showed that the heparin release rate from the prepared substrate using an electric current of 3.5 mA is twofold higher than that without current. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 73A: 171–181, 2005
Cartilage‐derived morphogenetic proteins induce osteogenic gene expression in the C2C12 mesenchymal cell line
Authors: Yeh Lee‐Chuan C. , Tsai Alicia D. , Lee John C. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractCartilage‐derived morphogenetic protein‐1, ‐2, and ‐3 (CDMP‐1, ‐2, and ‐3) are members of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family and have been shown to exhibit a variety of biological activities. In the present study, effects of these CDMPs on the temporal and spatial expression of genes in the pluripotent mesenchymal cell line C2C12 were examined. Cells cultured in the presence of CDMPs lost the characteristic elongated shape of myoblasts. At the molecular level, CDMP treatment did not change the mRNA expression of MyoD, aggrecan, Six1, and tendin. Scleraxis mRNA level was reduced by CDMP treatment. CDMP‐1 and ‐3, but not CDMP‐2, stimulated expression of osteogenic markers, such as alkaline phosphatase (AP), osteocalcin (OC), BSP, and type I collagen, in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. With few exceptions, the three CDMPs changed, with different potencies, the expression profile of different members of the BMP family in a similar temporal pattern. Except at the late phase of treatment, CDMP treatment did not change the expression of ActR‐IA, BMPR‐IA, BMPR‐IB, BMPR‐II, and ALK‐7 mRNAs. Based on the current data, the CDMPs appear to be able to stimulate the C2C12 cells to differentiate into the osteoblast pathway. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of a force field for Li2SiF6
Authors: Liivat Anti , Aabloo Alvo , Thomas John O. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA force field has been developed for Li2SiF6 for subsequent use in Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations involving Li+ and SiF ions in a polymer electrolyte host. Both ab initio calculations and available empirical data have been used. The force field has been verified in simulations of the crystal structure of Li2SiF6 in two different space groups: P321 and P$\bar{3}$m1. The use of MD simulation to assess the correct space group for Li2SiF6 shows that it is probably P321. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 716–724, 2005
A structure/function study of polyaminoamide dendrimers as silica scale growth inhibitors
Authors: Demadis Konstantinos D 
Published: March 2005

AbstractDendrimers have attracted immense attention during the last decade due to their interesting properties both from a basic and an applied research viewpoint. Encapsulation of metal nanoparticles for catalysis, drug delivery and light harvesting are only some applications of dendrimers that are breaking new ground. A novel application of dendrimer technology is described in the present paper that relates to industrial water treatment. Industrial water systems often suffer from undesirable inorganic deposits. These can form either in the bulk or on metallic surfaces, such as heat exchangers or pipelines. Silica (SiO2) scale formation and deposition is a major problem in high‐silica‐containing cooling waters. Scale prevention rather than removal is highly desired. In this paper, benchtop screening tests on various silica inhibition chemistries are reported, with emphasis on materials with a dendrimeric structure. Specifically, the inhibition properties of commercially available STARBURST® polyaminoamide (PAMAM) dendrimers generations 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 are investigated in detail together with other commonly‐used scale inhibitors. Experimental results show that inhibition efficiency largely depends on structural features of PAMAM dendrimers such as generation number and nature of the end groups. PAMAM dendrimers are effective inhibitors of silica scale growth at 40 ppm dosage levels. PAMAM dendrimers also act as silica nucleators, forming SiO2–PAMAM composites. This occurs because the SiO2 formed by incomplete inhibition interacts with cationic PAMAM‐1 and ‐2. The general scope of silica formation and inhibition in industrial waters is also discussed. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Kinetics of phenol oxidation in a trickle bed reactor over active carbon catalyst
Authors: Eftaxias Athanasios , Font Josep , Fortuny Agusti , Fabregat Azael , Stüber Frank 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe wet air oxidation of phenol over a commercial active carbon catalyst was studied in a trickle bed reactor (TBR) in the temperature and oxygen partial pressure ranges of 120–160 °C and 0.1–0.2 MPa, respectively. The performance of the active carbon was compared in terms of phenol and COD destruction. The weight change of active carbon due to reaction was also measured. Finally, oxic phenol adsorption isotherms were assessed in batch conditions at 25, 125 and 160 °C. In order to use the conversion data obtained from the TBR for a kinetic study, special care was taken to check the kinetic control in the TBR experiments. Several kinetic models including power law or Langmuir–Hinshelwood expressions were considered to describe the catalytic oxidation of phenol over active carbon. The simple power law model with first order dependence on both phenol and oxygen concentration predicted satisfactorily the experimental data not only over the entire range of operating conditions studied, but also outside its validity range. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry