bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel sensitive DDoS attacks against statistical test in network traffic fusion
Authors: Kulandaivel Madhumitha , Kumar Ganesh , Sathiyamoorthi Velayutham , Gupta Sachin Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDistributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are common attacks that limit casual users from cracking critical network resources. A method to find the DDoS attack comes to light as an essential and hot research issue. Therefore, the increment in network usage scale demands more challenges to see the DDoS attack. Non‐real‐time collection of network traffic will make sincere complications inaccuracy; DDoS attack detection, and efficiency. Lately, sketch data structures play an excellent role in high‐speed networks to suppress and combine network traffic issues. However, the sketch data structure has issues rebuilding the reverse keys that behave abnormally due to the reversible hash function. To rectify the above difficulties, we include the Chinese Remainder Theorem‐based Reverse Sketching (CRTRS). However, Reverse Sketching is not good at suppressing and combining heavy network traffic, but it can easily detect abnormal keys. According to the network traffic records setup by CRTRS, we add the Modified Cumulative Sum Quality Control Scheme (MCSQCS) that encourages DDoS attack detection. The enforcement of the proposed work with DDoS attack detection has two kind of different data sets. The result of the experiments shows that it gives more accuracy and efficiency in detecting DDoS attacks. Therefore, comparing other DDoS detecting methods with the sketch data structure has fewer computational complications. Improving the anomalous keys is the most critical challenge in this proposed work. To illustrate the accuracy rate, we experiment with a new technique called CIC‐Friday Heavy network traffic fragment. We also explain the experimental results of the MAWI heavy network fragment with the various parameter setups. To compare our proposed method with other similar existing methods, we use a sketch data structure to manage the network traffic data. It also uses the MSPCA method to detect the DDoS attack. The information‐based analysis helps to see the DDoS attack. The result analysis of True Positive Value (TPV) and False Positive Value (FPV) with MSPCA techniques has 79% and .1% accuracy. Similarly, information‐based detection has an accuracy of about 90% and 5%. Hence, the proposed method gives more accuracy for the detection of DDoS attacks.
Device and circuit level performance assessments of gate engineered Ge/GaAs heterojunction doping less TFET
Authors: Som Arnab , Jana Sanjay Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecently, the doping‐less tunnel FET has gained popularity due to its lower process complexity than conventional TFETs with heavily doped source and drain regions. In this literature, we have introduced a symmetric gate Ge/GaAs heterojunction doping‐less TFET(SG HJ DL TFET) using 4.6 eV work function for both the top gate and bottom gate and an asymmetric gate Ge/GaAs heterojunction doping‐less TFET (AG HJ DL TFET) using 3.9 eV work function as top gate and 4.6 eV work function as a bottom gate. A comparative study has been performed between these two devices. The back gate misalignment engineering in the AG HJ DL TFET induces higher charge plasma near the source‐channel junction which will enhance the drain current. Due to a larger drain current, an improved ratio (11.8 times), and steeper SS (37%) are achieved in optimized AG HJ DL TFET than SG HJ DL TFET. Furthermore, the Analog/Radio Frequency and linearity performance parameters have been examined, and a significant improvement is noticed in the optimized AG HJ DL TFET. The impact of different interface trap charges (ITCs) on device performances is also investigated and it is found that AG HJ DL TFET shows more immunity to ITCs than SG HJ DL TFET. Finally, the Verilog‐A‐based model has been developed for the AG HJ DL TFET to utilize its circuit‐level behavior. The optimized device‐based Common Source amplifier (CS amplifier) has been simulated in the Cadence Virtuoso tool. The AG HJ DL TFET‐based CS amplifier offers a 6.83% improvement in voltage gain over the other reported work.
Manganese sulfate application promotes berry flavonoid accumulation in Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ by regulating flavonoid metabolome and transcriptome profiles
Authors: Ren Ruihua , Chen Huangzhao , Xie Rui , Yuan Haohao , Xie Sha , Zhang Zhenwen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlavonoids are vital for the development of high‐quality grapes and wine, and manganese deficiency decreases grape berry coloration. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of action of manganese sulfate on grape metabolic profiles have not been adequately researched. In this study, three concentrations of manganese sulfate solutions, 0.5 μmol·L−1 (low, L), 5 μmol·L−1 (middle, M – the standard manganese concentration of Hoagland nutrient solution, control), and 1000 μmol·L−1 (high, H), were applied to the ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) to explore the effect on berry composition.RESULTSManganese application improved manganese concentration effectively in grape organs. Furthermore, the concentrations of malvidin 3‐O‐(6‐O‐acetyl)‐glucoside, malvidin 3‐O‐glucoside, malvidin‐trans‐3‐O‐(6‐O‐p‐coumaryl)‐glucoside, and peonidin 3‐O‐(6‐O‐acetyl)‐glucoside increased significantly under H treatment. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that the structural genes (VvDFR, VvUFGT, and VvOMT) of flavonoid biosynthesis were upregulated under H treatment, and their transcription levels correlated positively with malvidin‐ and peonidin‐derived anthocyanin concentrations.CONCLUSIONSThis study suggested that manganese application regulates berry transcriptional and flavonoid metabolic profiles, providing a theoretical basis for improving the color of red grapes and wines. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Integrating new variables into a framework to support cacao denomination of origin: a case study in Southwest Colombia
Authors: González‐Orozco Carlos E , Porcel Mario , Yockteng Roxana , Caro‐Quintero Alejandro , Rodriguez‐Medina Caren , Santander Margareth , Zuluaga Martha , Soto Mauricio , Rodriguez Cortina Jader , Vaillant Fabrice Eric , Escobar Parra Sebastian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCocoa quality plays a pivotal role in establishing denominations of origin, with genotypes, geography, climate and soil conditions being key variables. However, these factors have not been comprehensively explored in defining cacao denominations of origin. The present study addresses this gap by laying the foundation for cacao denomination of origin, focusing on the Buenaventura region on Colombia's Pacific coast. Our goal is to provide a holistic understanding of the elements underpinning cacao denomination of origin, emphasizing Buenaventura's unique cocoa quality and geographical significance.RESULTSThrough the Buenaventura case, we propose a robust framework applicable to other cacao‐producing regions, elevating the recognition and value of cacao denomination of origin. Our framework encompasses geography, agronomy, genetics, microbial diversity, pests and diseases and cocoa quality. In a pioneering move, we propose a cacao denomination of origin in Colombia, specifically examining Bajo Calima, Sabaletas and Cisneros within Buenaventura region. Buenaventura stands out for its cocoa quality, characterized by fruity flavors attributed to the rich biodiversity of the lowland rainforest.CONCLUSIONOur analysis indicates specific geographical indicators for each of the study zones, with Buenaventura identified as a region with natural characteristics to produce fine flavour cocoa products. Each zone exhibited a high differentiation and diversity of cacao cultivars. Buenaventura has the potential to be designated as a future denomination of origin for cacao from the Pacific region of Colombia, characterized by its unique fruity‐aroma chocolates. Our framework is adaptable to other cacao‐producing regions, facilitating the establishment of denominations of origin within the cocoa industry and agriculture. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Phytochemical analysis and biological evaluation ofFerulago setifoliaK. Koch
Authors: Gözcü Sefa , Akşit Zeynep , Şimşek Samed , Kandemir Ali , Aydın Ali , Yılmaz Mustafa Abdullah , Akşit Hüseyin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFerulago setifoliaK. Koch (Apiaceae) has been the subject of this study, aiming to comprehensively determine its phenolic fingerprint and evaluate its various biological activities. The liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the 70% methanol extract ofF. setifolia(FS) revealed the presence of 23 phytochemicals, among which chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, kaempferol‐3‐O‐glucoside, and quercetin‐3‐O‐glucoside were identified as the major phenolics in the extract.RESULTSThe biological screening included examinations of antioxidant, antibacterial, antiproliferative, and cytotoxic activities. The FS extract displayed moderate 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and ferric‐reducing capacity, indicating moderate antioxidant activity. Furthermore, FS exhibited significant antiproliferative effects on cancer cells while showing low cytotoxicity on normal cells. The antibacterial activity findings revealed that FS demonstrated potent activity againstPseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus cereus,Staphylococcus aureus, andEscherichia coli.CONCLUSIONThe findings of this study suggest that the methanolic extract of FS holds promise as a potential source of biologically active compounds. It can be utilized for the development of pharmaceutical formulations, thanks to its significant antiproliferative and antibacterial activities. Additionally, FS can serve as a valuable source of chlorogenic acid for industrial applications. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Penile Elastography Versus Penile Duplex Ultrasonography in Diagnosing Non‐Responders to Intracavernosal Injection
Authors: Hassanin Ahmed Mohamed , Elnabarawy Ramzy , El‐Azizi Hatem , GamalEl Din Sameh Fayek , Ghaly Mahmoud Fawzy 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesThe current study aims to investigate the value of penile elastography in assessing the fibrotic changes in the corpora cavernosa.Patients and MethodsEighty participants were included in the study. These were divided into two equal groups: a study group (group 1) included patients with ED who did not respond to intracavernosal injection (ICI), and an age‐matched control group (group 2) included age‐matched subjects with normal erection. All subjects answered an International Index of Erectile Function‐5 (IIEF‐5) questionnaire. The first group was evaluated by two ICI trials of 1 mL Quadmix, each took place 1 week apart, followed by a color duplex/Doppler ultrasonography (CDDU) scan using also a 1 mL Quadmix. All the above was done a week before the penile shear wave elastography (SWE) scan. It comprised a 12‐section scan of both corpora cavernosa. Each corpus was scanned in three different segments (proximal, mid‐shaft, and distal), and in both longitudinal and transverse axes.ResultsComparisons of the laboratory data were non‐significant, apart from the glycosylated hemoglobin which proved significant (P value <.001) in both groups. Also, the IIEF‐5 scores were significantly lower in the study group (P value <.001). Significantly higher SWE readings (indicating higher fibrotic) were found in the study group compared with the control group in almost all of the scanned segments and their combinations (P value <.05).ConclusionSWE can effectively assess the fibrotic changes occurring in the corpora cavernosa. Hence, SWE could be utilized as a modality that helps diagnose patients with ED.
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of 3D‐Printed Biocomposites of Polylactic Acid and Thermally Modified Wood Flour with Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Yurttas Elif , Ayrilmis Nadir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of thermal treatment and silver nanoparticles on the mechanical and thermal properties of additively manufactured wood/polylactic acid (PLA) specimens. The 5 and 10 wt% additions of the wood flour into the PLA matrix are done in the twin screw extruder. The test specimens are produced from the filaments with a diameter of 1.75 mm using 3D printer. The mechanical properties of the 3D‐printed wood/PLA specimens are affected by the wood flour content, thermal treatment of wood, and silver nanoparticles. The 3D‐printed neat PLA specimens have better mechanical properties than the wood flour‐filled PLA specimens. The bending strength of the specimens enhances with increasing wood flour content while the tensile strength decreases. The increases in the mechanical properties reveal that the thermal treatment of the wood improves the compatibility between wood and PLA matrix, which hereby improves the interfacial adhesion. The addition of the silver nanoparticles positively affects the mechanical properties and it is more compatible with thermally modified wood particles as compared to the untreated wood particles.
Me and my AI: Exploring the effects of consumer self‐construal and AI‐based experience on avoiding similarity and willingness to pay
Authors: Loureiro Sandra Maria Correia , Jiménez‐Barreto Jano , Bilro Ricardo Godinho , Romero Jaime 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping consumer interaction with brands, but little is known about how brands can implement AI tools effectively. Drawing on consumer uniqueness and self‐construal theories, the authors examine the implementation of branded AI tools and their influence on consumers' experience, sense of uniqueness, and spending behavior. Across five studies, this research examines consumers' narratives about interacting with a branded AI tool (Study 1); tests the relationships between self‐construal, AI‐enabled consumer experiences, and avoidance of similarity (Studies 2A and 2B); evaluates in situ experience with a branded AI tool and its implications for spending behavior (Study 3); and delineates consumer preferences about the attributes of branded AI tools (Study 4). The findings reveal that individuals characterized by independent self‐construal are prone toward perceiving higher recognition and hedonic values during their experience with branded AI tools, partially enhancing consumer avoidance of similarity and influencing their willingness to pay for products that the AI tool recommends. For practitioners, the findings suggest developing a two‐fold value proposition strategy for consumers by generating personal and psychological value together with product and service recommendations.
Tax incentive and corporate hiring decisions: Evidence from China's VAT credit refund policy
Authors: Li Jiaxuan , Ge Liming , Zeng Lin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuman capital acts as an increasingly crucial factor for firms to sustain stable performance and maintain competitiveness. However, we know little about how tax incentive affects corporate hiring decision concerning highly skilled employees. Using the policy of value‐added tax (VAT) credit refund in China as a quasi‐natural experiment, we explore whether and how VAT credit refund affects firms' hiring decisions on highly skilled employees. The Difference‐in‐Differences (DiD) estimate reveals that the VAT credit refund policy significantly increases the proportion of highly skilled employees. Further, the policy effect becomes more prominent in firms with heavier tax burdens, lower capital intensity, and higher financial constraints. Our mechanism tests reveal that credit refund alleviates liquidity constraints and improves capital‐skill complementarity, thus exerting a positive effect on corporate human capital upgrading. In addition, we find that the VAT credit refund policy improves earnings‐per‐worker and labor productivity but plays an insignificant role in labor income share. Our findings support the proposition that VAT credit refund leads to a positive effect on corporate human capital upgrading, offering new insights for policymakers to improve corporate employment skill structure and support the implementation of tax incentives to upgrade the labor force.
Puerarin Alleviates Oxidized Oil‐Induced Oxidative Injury and Inflammation via Inhibition of the Nrf2/Keap1 and HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK Signaling Pathways: An Investigation in a Chicken Model
Authors: Zhou Hua , Shi Xuan , Yu Yingmei , Yang Lei , OuYang Jingxin , Bian Yinhao , Liu Yichun , Li Guanhong 
Published: September 2023

ScopePuerarin has possessed a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the protective effects of puerarin on the oxidized oil‐induced injury. Here, the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects of puerarin are described using a chicken model.Methods and resultsA total of 360 broilers are arranged in four treatments. Diets include two types of soybean oil (fresh or oxidized) and two levels of puerarin (0 or 750 mg kg−1). Results show that puerarin alleviates oxidized soybean oil‐induced hepatic and thymic oxidative injury. This effect is observed by increasing the SOD activity and the expressions of Nrf2 signaling pathway‐related genes and reducing the MDA content in the liver and thymus. Moreover, puerarin supplementation decreases the concentrations and mRNA levels of pro‐inflammatory factors in the liver and thymus. The potential mechanism responsible for this is the decrease in the mRNA or protein levels of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88, and p65 in the liver or thymus. Western blotting results indicate that puerarin also decreases the phosphorylation of JNK1/2, ERK1/2, and p38 in the liver and thymus.ConclusionThis study demonstrates puerarin may be a potential nutrient supplement in the treatment of oxidized oil‐induced damage, and the Nrf2/Keap1 and HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK signaling pathways might be its important target.
A controlled experimental assessment of intraperitoneal PIT tag injection on survival of Blueback Herring
Authors: Hill C. Ryan , Culberson Abigale , O'Sullivan Antóin M. , Adesola Joke , Curry R. Allen , Linnansaari Tommi , Harrison Philip M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
Passive integrated transponder (PIT) telemetry is commonly used to monitor fish movements and behavior. To reduce inferential bias in PIT telemetry studies, it is important to quantify the effects of tagging procedures on fish survival. To this end, we conducted a controlled experiment to test the hypothesis that intraperitoneal injection of 23-mm PIT tags would have no effect on the survival of adult Blueback Herring Alosa aestivalis.

Methods
We compared mortality rates of tagged and untagged Blueback Herring (n = 174; size range 202–277 cm) that were retained in experimental tanks for 14 days.

Result
We observed no difference in the probability of survival between tagged (50% survival) and untagged (42%) groups.

Conclusion
These results suggest that intraperitoneal tag injection is a safe and effective method of PIT tagging adult Blueback Herring and supports the use of this technique in field telemetry studies.
Validation of publication pressure questionnaire‐revised into Chinese nurses from a university hospital
Authors: Xi Xinxue , Mao Jing , Zeng Tieying , Ju Dandan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo translate and validate the Publication Pressure Questionnaire‐revised (PPQ‐r) among the Chinese nurses.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive study.MethodsThe classical forward/backward translation of the PPQ‐r was conducted first, and then the psychometric values were tested using the data collected in September, 2021 among 924 Chinese nurses from a university hospital in China by calculating its content validity index, construct validity, both convergent and discriminant validity, and internal consistency reliability following the COSMIN guidelines.ResultsThe proposed three‐factor structure of original PPQ‐r cannot be confirmed in present study. With exploratory factor analysis, a new two‐factor structure with 9 items was extracted, accounting for 62.718% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated satisfactory goodness of all fit index values: χ2 = 75.53; df = 23; χ2/df = 3.28; CFI = 0.973; TLI = 0.958; RMSEA = 0.07 and SRMR = 0.047. Both sub‐scales yielded good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha being 0.845 and 0.876, respectively. The Chinese version of PPQ‐r could be accepted as a reliable and valid tool to measure the Chinese nurses' publication pressure.Patient or Public ContributionParticipation of nurses in this study was limited to the data provided through participant survey.
Interpreting the chemical changes and therapeutic effect of Coptidis Rhizoma against ulcerative colitis before and after processing based on mathematical statistics and network pharmacology
Authors: Li Chunxia , Huo Dongna , Liu Xiuxue , Yang Hongxia , Pang Yuqing , Tang Qian , Xing Hong , Shi Yumeng , Chen Xiaopeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionCoptidis Rhizoma (CR) is one of the most frequently used herbs to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) and is often processed before usage. However, the composition changes and therapeutic effects of CR before and after processing in the treatment of UC are still unclear.ObjectiveThe purpose of the study is to explore the chemical components and therapeutic effects of crude and processed CR.Material and methodsCR was processed according to the 2020 version of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and multivariate statistical analysis were used to screen the different compounds before and after processing. The network pharmacological prediction was carried out. The mechanism and therapeutic effects between crude and processed CR were verified by using dextran sulphate sodium‐induced UC mice assay.ResultsTen compounds distinguish crude and processed CR based on multivariate statistical analysis. Network pharmacology predicts that the 10 compounds mainly play a role through TNF‐α and IL‐6 targets and PI3K/Akt and HIF‐1 signalling pathways, and these results are verified by molecular biology experiments. For IL‐6, IL‐10 and TNF‐α inflammatory factors, CR is not effective, while CR stir‐fried with Evodiae Fructus (CRFE) and ginger juice (CRGJ) are. For PI3K/p‐Akt, Cleaved caspase3, NF‐ κBp65 and HIF‐1α signalling pathways, CR has therapeutic effects, while CRFE and CRGJ are significant.ConclusionOverall, CRFE and CRGJ show better effects in treating UC. The chemical changes of processing and the efficacy of processed CR are correlated, which provides a scientific basis for the clinical use of crude and processed CR.