bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale‐20 in a community physiotherapy clinic sample
Authors: Coons Michael J. , Hadjistavropoulos Heather D. , Asmundson Gordon J.G. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe PASS‐20 was developed to assess pain‐related anxiety among a variety of pain populations. This measure was constructed by extracting 20 items from its 40‐item parent measure (PASS). Initial studies of the PASS‐20 suggest that the psychometric properties have been preserved. The purpose of the present study extended this research and explored the factor structure of the PASS‐20, and its reliability and validity in a sample of pain patients receiving treatment in a community physiotherapy clinic. Patients with current pain (n=201) were asked to complete a battery of self‐report measures related to the experience of pain on two separate occasions (3‐month interval). Results of principal components analyses suggested that a 4‐factor solution representing fear of pain, escape‐avoidance, physiological symptoms, and cognitive symptoms of anxiety provided the best fit to these data. Results also showed that the total and subscale scores of the PASS‐20 have good reliability (internal consistency, test—retest) and validity (construct) correlating greater with other conceptually similar measures than distinct constructs. These results suggest that this measure has good utility for both clinical and research applications. Directions for future evaluation are also discussed.
Plasma endothelin‐1 levels in patients with complex regional pain syndrome
Authors: Eisenberg Elon , Erlich Tomer , Zinder Oren , Lichinsky Sophie , Diamond Eric , Pud Dorit , Davar Gudarz 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe clinical characteristics of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) – spontaneous and stimulus‐evoked pain, autonomic abnormalities, motor dysfunction, and trophic changes in the affected limb—are well known. However, its pathogenesis is unclear, and the diagnosis is often delayed, in part due to lack of objective laboratory tests. Endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) is a potent vasoconstrictor that has recently been shown to produce pain, allodynia, edema, and muscle weakness, as well as to exert a direct excitatory effect on nociceptive afferents. Furthermore, new evidence indicates that ET‐1 is involved in various cancer‐ and non‐cancer‐related painful conditions. The aim of the present explorative study was to determine the ET‐1 plasma levels in patients with CRPS in an attempt to identify a ‘laboratory marker’ for CRPS and to search for evidence suggesting that ET‐1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of CRPS. ET‐1 plasma levels were determined in 20 severely affected CRPS patients, in eight patients with non‐CRPS chronic painful conditions, and in 10 healthy volunteers. The results showed that there were no significant differences in ET‐1 plasma levels between the three groups. We conclude that the plasma level of ET‐1 cannot be regarded as a ‘marker’ for CRPS. Yet, the possibility that ET‐1 is involved in the pathophysiology of CRPS has not been excluded and deserves further investigation.
Cross-sectional similarities and differences between schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and mania or mixed mania with mood-incongruent psychotic features
Authors: Pini Stefano , de Queiroz Valeria , Dell'Osso Liliana , Abelli Marianna , Mastrocinque Concettina , Saettoni Marco , Catena Mario , Cassano Giovanni B. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractBackground. – The cross-sectional clinical differentiation of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder from mood-incongruent psychotic mania or mixed mania is difficult, since pathognomonic symptoms are lacking in these conditions.Aims of the study. – To compare a series of clinical variables related to mood and cognition in patient groups with DSM-III-R diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, mood-incongruent psychotic mania and mood-incongruent psychotic mixed mania.Methods. – One hundred and fifty-one consecutive patients were evaluated in the week prior to discharge by using the structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R-patient edition (SCID-P). Severity of psychopathology was assessed by the 18-item version of the brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) and negative symptoms by the scale for assessment of negative symptoms (SANS). Level of insight was assessed with the scale to assess unawareness of mental disorders (SUMD).Results. – There were no differences in rates of specific types of delusions and hallucinations between subjects with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic mania and psychotic mixed mania. SANS factors scores were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in the bipolar groups. Patients with mixed state scored significantly higher on depression and excitement compared to schizophrenia group and, to a lesser extent, to schizoaffective group. Subjects with schizophrenia showed highest scores on the SUMD indicating that they were much more compromised on the insight dimension than subjects with psychotic mania or mixed mania.Conclusion. – Negative rather than affective symptomatology may be a useful construct to differentiate between schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders from mood-incongruent psychotic mania or mixed mania.
Response-related fMRI of veridical and false recognition of words
Authors: Heun Reinhard , Jessen Frank , Klose Uwe , Erb Michael , Granath Dirk-Oliver , Grodd Wolfgang 
Published: January 2004

AbstractObjectives. – Studies on the relation between local cerebral activation and retrieval success usually compared high and low performance conditions, and thus showed performance-related activation of different brain areas. Only a few studies directly compared signal intensities of different response categories during retrieval. During verbal recognition, we recently observed increased parieto-occipital activation related to false alarms. The present study intends to replicate and extend this observation by investigating common and differential activation by veridical and false recognition.Methods. – Fifteen healthy volunteers performed a verbal recognition paradigm using 160 learned target and 160 new distracter words. The subjects had to indicate whether they had learned the word before or not. Echo-planar MRI of blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal changes was performed during this recognition task. Words were classified post hoc according to the subjects’ responses, i.e. hits, false alarms, correct rejections and misses. Response-related fMRI-analysis was used to compare activation associated with the subjects’ recognition success, i.e. signal intensities related to the presentation of words were compared by the above-mentioned four response types.Results. – During recognition, all word categories showed increased bilateral activation of the inferior frontal gyrus, the inferior temporal gyrus, the occipital lobe and the brainstem in comparison with the control condition. Hits and false alarms activated several areas including the left medial and lateral parieto-occipital cortex in comparison with subjectively unknown items, i.e. correct rejections and misses. Hits showed more pronounced activation in the medial, false alarms in the lateral parts of the left parieto-occipital cortex.Conclusions. – Veridical and false recognition show common as well as different areas of cerebral activation in the left parieto-occipital lobe: increased activation of the medial parietal cortex by hits may correspond to true recognition, increased activation of the parieto-occipital cortex by false alarms may correspond to familiarity decisions. Further studies are needed to investigate the reasons for false decisions in healthy subjects and patients with memory problems.
The biological validation of ADCP acoustic backscatter through direct comparison with net samples and model predictions based on acoustic-scattering models
Authors: Fielding S. , Griffiths G. , Roe H.S.J. 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
Mean volume-backscattering strength (MVBS) data collected using a 153-kHz, narrowband Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) were compared with zooplankton abundance and biovolume data collected using a Longhurst–Hardy Plankton Recorder (LHPR). A direct comparison showed that there was a linear relationship between MVBS and log-transformed zooplankton dry weight. This linear relationship, determined from a mixed zooplankton-species population, was then compared with that reported in previous work from a region dominated by a single species of copepod and found to be significantly different. The scatter around the linear relationships determined between MVBS and log-transformed dry weights in regions of complex, mixed zooplankton populations results in our inability to distinguish different relationships that could be expected from different populations in varying oceanic regions. It is suggested that, without further manipulation of the data, ADCP MVBS cannot be used to determine quantitative estimates of zooplankton abundance and biomass in mixed populations.
“Observed MVBS” was compared with model-predicted backscattering, calculated using acoustic models and abundance and size measurements of zooplankton from net samples. The results show that at high backscattering intensities (>−80 dB) the observed MVBS from an ADCP was generally consistent with the model predictions. Abundance, biovolume, and model-predicted backscattering contributions of six “significant acoustic-scattering” groups (amphipods, chaetognaths, copepods, euphausiids, fish, and pteropods) are shown to vary disproportionately. In particular, a rare and small but strong acoustic scatterer such as a pteropod can contribute as little as 0.1% to the total sample abundance and 0.1% to the biovolume but represent 69.5% of the total model-predicted backscattering.
Model, instrumental, and methodological artefacts are identified as potential sources of inconsistencies between the observed and model-predicted backscattering. These include the effect of the orientation of zooplankton, inadequate knowledge of model parameters such as the sound-speed and density contrasts, the mismatch between sampling volumes of the net and acoustic instrument, and net avoidance by the more mobile scatterers.
Effects of supplier trust on performance of cooperative supplier relationships
Authors: Johnston David A , McCutcheon David M , Stuart F.Ian , Kerwood Hazel 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThis study tests a path analytic model of buyer–supplier relationships, linking the supplier’s level of trust to three categories of inter‐firm cooperative behaviors and these behaviors to the buyer’s perception of the relationship’s performance. Data was used from a survey of 164 dyads composed of a purchasing manager and a counterpart in a firm that they identified as their most cooperative suppliers. Higher levels of inter‐organizational cooperative behaviors such as shared planning and flexibility in coordinating activities were found to be strongly linked to the supplier’s trust in the buyer firm. However, not all of the types of cooperative behaviors, particularly joint responsibility for problem solving, had significant impacts on the buyer’s perceptions of the relationship’s performance.
Chondrocyte cell death and intracellular distribution of COMP and type IX collagen in the pseudoachondroplasia growth plate
Authors: Hecht Jacqueline T. , Makitie Outi , Hayes Elizabeth , Haynes Richard , Susic Miki , Montufar‐Solis Dina , Duke P. Jackie , Cole William G. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractCartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is a large extracellular matrix protein expressed in cartilage, ligament and tendon. Mutations in the COMP gene cause two dominantly inherited skeletal dysplasias, pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH) and Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia (MED/EDM1). We report on a novel point mutation D511Y in the seventh calcium‐binding repeat of the COMP gene and the resulting iliac crest growth plate pathology. The PSACH iliac crest growth plate is comprised of a large region of resting chondrocytes above a narrow region composed of clusters of disorganized proliferative and hypertrophic chondrocytes. Chondrocytes in all zones show massive intracellular retention of COMP and the surrounding extracellular matrix is deficient in COMP. Moreover, the 511Y COMP mutation selectively affects type IX collagen as little is found in the growth plate matrix whereas type II collagen and aggrecan are abundant in the matrix. Chondrocyte remnants are observed in the chondrocyte clusters and dead cells are found throughout the growth plate. Apoptosis studies demonstrate an unusual pattern of TUNEL staining in the PSACH chondrocytes compared to the control growth plate. These in vivo findings support our previous observation that retention of COMP leads to chondrocyte death. These results also add to the increasing evidence that PSACH and EDM1 are rER storage diseases and that impaired linear growth and joint erosion are caused by the disruptive effect of massive amounts of COMP within the chondrocytes. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Analysis of a retrieved UHMWPE acetabular cup crosslinked in air with 1000 kGy of gamma radiation
Authors: Sugano N. , Saito M. , Yamamoto T. , Nishii T. , Yau S.‐ S. , Wang A. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe oxidation and degradation that accompany high dose gamma irradiation in air for crosslinking and sterilization are important because they could affect the clinical performance of polyethylene total joint implants. We report a clinical case of a 1000 kGy gamma‐irradiated, highly crosslinked ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene acetabular cup retrieved 24 years postoperatively. Performance evaluations included absorbed radiation dose, total wear penetration, average wear rate, crystallinity, oxidation, and equibiaxial tensile properties. A retrieved acetabular cup of the same grade of polyethylene but gamma‐sterilized using a conventional dose was used as control. The highly crosslinked and control cups took in about 1300 and 30 kGy of radiation, respectively, as measured using a trans‐vinylene index. Direct dimensional measurements revealed average wear rates of the highly crosslinked and control cups were 0.04 and 0.06 mm/year, respectively. The oxidation index of the highly crosslinked cup was very high (0.679), but equivalent to that of a 1000 kGy irradiated reference cup. The retrieved highly crosslinked cup showed much higher equibiaxial ultimate tensile strength than the retrieved control cup. Based on these observations, the increased wear resistance and equibiaxial tensile properties that resulted from extensive crosslinking in the presence of air were partially offset by the adverse effects caused by immediate oxidation during the process. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
In vivo gene delivery to articular chondrocytes mediated by an adeno‐associated virus vector
Authors: Ulrich‐Vinther M. , Duch M. R. , Søballe K. , O'Keefe R. J. , Schwarz E. M. , Pedersen F. S. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractPurposes. (1) To investigate the efficiency of direct in vivo adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vector‐mediated gene transduction to chondrocytes in relation to normal and injured articular cartilage. (2) To evaluate the effects of ultra‐violet light‐activated gene transduction (LAGT) in chondrocytes in vivo. (3) To determine dissemination of active rAAV vector after intra‐articular administration.Methods. Rabbit knees with either normal or injured cartilage received an intra‐articular injection with 1.5 × 1012 infectious rAAV‐eGFP particles. The right knees received rAAV‐eGFP alone, whereas the left knees were given LAGT‐treatment. The transduction efficiencies were determined at 1 and 3 weeks after infection by fluorescence‐activated cell scanning. The occurrence of active shedding was monitored in serum and various tissues.Results. After 1 week, 7% of the chondrocytes in normal cartilage were transduced by direct rAAV transduction technique. Chondrocytes in cartilage defects demonstrated higher transduction rates compared to chondrocytes in normal cartilage. LAGT increased the cellular eGFP expression in the internal zones to 12%, but did not have any effect in the external zones in defects. Finally, infectious particles were not detected in either serum or tissue samples.Conclusions. Direct rAAV‐mediated gene transfer in vivo to articular chondrocytes is possible. LAGT improves rAAV transduction of chondrocytes in vivo but appears to have a very limited range of effect induction. Expression of eGFP was not determined in other tissues than synovium and cartilage in the treated joints. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Suppression of early experimental osteoarthritis by gene transfer of interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist and interleukin‐10
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Mao Zebing , Yu Changlong 
Published: January 2004

AbstractGene therapy offers a radically different approach to the treatment of arthritis. We demonstrated that cDNA coding for human interleukin‐1 receptor‐antagonist protein (IL‐1Ra) and cDNA coding for human interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) can be delivered, by ex vivo techniques, to the synovial lining of joints, intra‐articular expression of gene significantly reduced cartilage matrix degradation and cartilage breakdown. To achieve this, lapine synoviocytes were first transduced in culture by retroviral infection. The genetically modified synoviocytes were then transplanted by intra‐articular injection into the knee joints of OA rabbits, assay of joint lavages confirmed that the gene expression was not lost 14 days after transfer. Knees receiving the IL‐1Ra gene had significantly reduced cartilage breakdown. Delivery of the IL‐10 gene was less effective, having only a moderate effect on cartilage breakdown. When both genes were injected together, there was a greater inhibition of cartilage breakdown, suggesting that simultaneous gene delivery may be necessary to treat OA by targeting the activities of multiple inflammatory effectors. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Attitudes of Potential Providers Towards Preconceptional Cystic Fibrosis Carrier Screening
Authors: Poppelaars Francis A. M. , Adèr Herman J. , Cornel Martina C. , Henneman Lidewij , Hermens Rosella P. M. G. , van der Wal Gerrit , Kate Leo P. ten 
Published: January 2004

AbstractTo determine the attitudes of potential providers (general practitioners and Community Health Service workers) towards preconceptional cystic fibrosis (CF) carrier screening and to determine which factors are associated with a positive attitude. A survey was conducted among 200 general practitioners (GPs) and 134 Community Health Service (CHS) workers. Fifty‐two percent of the eligible GPs participated and 84% of the CHS workers. Fifty‐five percent of the GPs and 73% of the CHS workers had a positive attitude towards routinely offering CF carrier screening, and more than 80% were in favor of informing the target population about the possibility of having a CF carrier test. A positive attitude was associated with (a) high perceived severity of CF, (b) religion (nonreligious compared to Reformed), (c) low perceived barriers, and (d) high perceived test reliability. The care providers who are most likely to be involved in a preconceptional CF carrier screening program, i.e. GPs and CHS workers, generally have a positive attitude towards the implementation of such a program.
Adjunct Prenatal Testing: Patient Decisions Regarding Ethnic Carrier Screening and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
Authors: Sturm Erica L. , Ormond Kelly E. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractLittle has been reported regarding how women make decisions about genetic carrier screening for Ashkenazi Jewish genetic disease and cystic fibrosis (CF), and for fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) during pregnancy. Thirty‐seven women who underwent genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis were interviewed about their prenatal decision making. Respondents were largely Caucasian (95%), and undergoing prenatal diagnosis because of maternal age (78%). Sixty‐three percent of those who reported having genetic carrier screening correctly defined it; 83% felt positively about it. Primary reasons reported for electing screening were: to get information, to be prepared, perception of risk, wanting peace of mind and percieved inability to care for an affected child. Women who declined screening felt they had very little or no risk, and some were deterred by cost. Ninety‐five percent of respondents elected to have FISH; most were motivated by its speed in providing information and peace of mind or by timing of when the procedure was performed. Those who declined FISH reported being less concerned about having an affected child, receiving bad news, or waiting 2 weeks for results and slightly less affected by their “feelings toward medical testing” or physician's suggestion. These findings suggest decision‐making factors differ between those electing and declining adjunct prenatal testing and increased knowledge about these factors may impact the way in which these services are offered by health care professionals. Prospective research with a larger population will be useful in further delineating the factors that influence prenatal decisions about adjunct testing measures.
“Family Matters”: A Conceptual Framework for Genetic Testing in Children
Authors: McConkie‐Rosell Allyn , Spiridigliozzi Gail A. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractGenetic testing in minor children presents a complex ethical and social problem. Current guidelines state that genetic testing of children is recommended only under circumstances where a clear medical or psychosocial benefit to the child can be demonstrated. Because of the difficulty in determining a psychosocial benefit, the discussion about genetic testing of minors ultimately tends to focus on who has the right to make the decision and whose right to autonomy is jeopardized, the parent's or the child's, when there is no identified medical benefit. Historically, a western bioethics paradigm, Principlism, has been used to guide genetic counseling sessions and genetic‐testing guidelines for minors. This bioethics paradigm is guided by the principles: respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Genetic testing in children, when viewed through a traditional bioethics filter is limited by its focus on the individual because children are not only individuals, they are also integral parts of a larger social context, that of their family. Because this bioethics paradigm places a strong emphasis on individual autonomy, the family's beliefs and values and the parents' concern for their children may be overshadowed by the medical community's attempt to preserve the child's “right” to an autonomous decision about genetic testing. The purpose of this paper is to first discuss the circumstances in which genetic testing of minors occurs and then present a theoretical and ethics‐based conceptual framework that may be useful in the development of genetic counseling interventions.