bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model‐Informed Recommendation of Mavacamten Posology for Chinese Adults With Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wu Xiaojie , Puli Shilpa , Chen Nanye , Tian Zhuang , Hsu Peiwen , Sun Jing , Lyu Cheng , Merali Samira , Zhang Jing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMavacamten is a cardiac myosin inhibitor for adults with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Dose optimization is performed 4 weeks after starting mavacamten, guided by periodic echo measurements of Valsalva left ventricular outflow tract gradient (VLVOTg) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Previously, a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model was developed and exposure‐response (E‐R) of VLVOTg (efficacy) and LVEF (safety) was used to identify the mavacamten titration regimen with the optimal benefit/risk ratio, now included in the US prescribing information. Mavacamten is metabolized primarily by cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) (74%), a highly polymorphic enzyme. China has a higher prevalence of poor CYP2C19 metabolizer phenotype compared with the global population; therefore, a previous model was adapted to include Chinese patients with obstructive HCM to identify the optimal dosing regimen for this population. Data from a phase I (healthy Chinese volunteers) and a phase III (EXPLORER‐CN, NCT05174416; Chinese patients with obstructive HCM) trial of mavacamten were added to the previous PPK and E‐R models, and the observed VLVOTg and LVEF from EXPLORER‐CN were successfully simulated. Next, five echocardiography‐guided titration regimens (plus the EXPLORER‐CN regimen) using representative or equal CYP2C19 phenotypes were simulated. The final simulated regimen recommended with an optimal benefit/risk profile across CYP2C19 phenotypes included: down‐titration at Week 4 (if VLVOTg < 20 mmHg), restart at Week 12, and up‐titration at Week 12 (for VLVOTg ≥ 30 mmHg and LVEF ≥ 55%), and every 12 weeks thereafter. This supports the previously recommended regimen for Chinese patients with obstructive HCM, now approved by the National Medicinal Products Administration.
Fentanyl and Fentanyl Analog Screening Using ASAP‐MS With LiveID Confirmation
Authors: Reyes Monroy Karen A. , Koerber Rachel , Verbeck Guido F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRationaleFentanyl and fentanyl analogs continue to pose a serious threat to the public health. The vast number of fentanyl analogs emerging on the black‐market call for optimized analytical methods for the detection, analysis, and characterization of these extremely dangerous drugs.MethodsAtmospheric pressure solids analysis probe (ASAP) mass spectrometry was used for the rapid analysis of 250 synthetic opioid standards, including 211 fentanyl analogs, 32 non‐fentanyl related opioids, and 8 fentanyl precursors. Four cone voltages (5, 15, 35 and 50 V) were used to obtain fingerprint data for each opioid reference sample.ResultsThe generated and processed mass spectra of the 250 synthetic opioids analyzed was utilized to create an ASAP+ database that contains the largest compendium of mass spectra for fentanyl analogs. The built library was integrated into LiveID software, enabling real‐time analyte identification. The efficacy of the software's ability to identify fentanyl analogs in a sample utilizing the spectral library was tested by analyzing five blind and four reaction mixtures. The correct identity of these nine samples was all within the top three ranked matches.ConclusionWe demonstrate how the RADIAN ASAP, alongside a real‐time sample recognition software, can be utilized as a presumptive tool for the screening of fentanyl analogs within samples in question, making it a promising alternative to some of the most commonly used analytical screening techniques.
Novel Logarithmic Sliding Mode Control of Chaos in Seventh‐Order Power Systems
Authors: Cao Qian , Wei Du Qu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn seventh‐order power systems, chaotic oscillations can significantly compromise system stability, arising from intricate interactions among system parameters and initial conditions. This study introduces a robust chaos control strategy tailored for such high‐dimensional systems. The approach begins by integrating a dynamic model of an energy storage device, specifically designed to absorb surplus active power, thereby constructing a controlled ninth‐order power system with coupled dynamics. To further enhance stability and rapid response, we propose a novel logarithmic sliding mode control (LSMC) surface. This innovation incorporates natural logarithms to achieve a high‐gain effect at the equilibrium points of the reduced‐order sliding mode system, facilitating rapid re‐stabilization of the power system. Additionally, we employ the super‐twisting algorithm to address the inherent chattering issues associated with traditional sliding mode control. Theoretical analyses and simulation experiments validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, demonstrating its capability to swiftly restore system stability.
Improving Localization Accuracy of Offline Navigation Algorithms for Intelligent Pipeline Inspection Gauges and In‐Line Inspection Robotic Systems
Authors: Yoo Kwanghyun , Kim Dae‐Kwang , Kim Jae‐Jun , Yang Seung‐Ung , Yoo Hui‐Ryoung , Song HongSeok , Jeong Han‐You , Nguyen Hoa‐Hung , Song Jin Woo , Kim Dong‐Kyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntegrity management of pipeline networks is crucial for preemptive maintenance and preventing accidents. In this study, various methods for improving the localization accuracy of the offline navigation algorithm for an intelligent pipeline inspection gauge (PIG) and in‐line inspection (ILI) robotic system are proposed. The digital mapping algorithm utilizes the extended Kalman filter (EKF) with a Rauch–Tung–Striebel (RTS) smoother. Two ILI tools are introduced—magnetic flux leakage (MFL) PIG, which is a typical intelligent PIG for detecting corrosion defects in pipelines, and a new low‐friction geometry robot (LFGR) for inspecting the mechanical defects in low‐pressure, low‐flow pipelines. The MFL PIG has only three odometers to measure the speed of the PIG along the moving direction. Hence, a compensation method for the measured speed was developed and utilized. In addition, an optimization procedure for the parameters of sensor uncertainty modeling was proposed and validated. These methods increased the localization accuracy of the digital mapping algorithm of the MFL PIG. Specifically, the root mean squared value of the two‐dimensional distance error decreased by 47.73%. The proposed methods were applied to the LFGR equipped with four odometers and a high‐accuracy inertial measurement unit. Moreover, additional sensors and a new algorithm for attitude angle correction of the robot were utilized. The proposed methods were successfully validated using field ILI results. The methods enhance the effectiveness of the integrity management of pipeline systems, thus contributing toward their safe and reliable operation.
Innovation Strategies for Ecological Sustainability: Effects of Natural Resources and Energy Consumption
Authors: Abbass Kashif , Voinea Cosmina L. , Roijakkers Nadine , Usman Muhammad , Song Huaming 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo attain global ecological sustainability within the framework of ecological modernization, this study scrutinizes the multifaceted interaction among environmental‐related patent technologies (ERPT), natural resources, energy consumption (both renewable and nonrenewable energy usage) and globalization on the ecological footprint. To assess the novel aspects of the ongoing objective, this study employs Disc/Kraay, fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) regression to generate comparative results across a panel of technologically advanced countries and resource‐rich least‐developed countries from 1990 to 2022. The empirical outcomes indicate that economies leading in eco‐friendly technologies and renewable sources of energy enhance environmental sustainability by minimizing their ecological footprint over time. In contrast, countries that rely heavily on natural resource extraction to meet energy demands tend to exacerbate ecological degradation. The process of globalization demonstrates the same trend for both developed and developing countries over the long term significantly elevating the level of ecological footprint. The Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test discloses a reverse causal connection among concerning variables such as natural resources, ERPT, and energy reliance excluding globalization over the extended duration. The recommendations derived from the results suggest that governments in developing countries should strategically promote the adoption and dissemination of innovative, eco‐friendly resource extraction technologies. Meanwhile, governments in developed countries should focus on overhauling their ecological policies to play a crucial role in supporting and advancing ecological sustainability efforts in developing nations.
Eco‐Friendly Approach on One‐Step Chloride Decoration over R‐Graphene for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Jemina I. , Mani N. , Ramesh Pugalenthi , Pitchaimani Jayaraman 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChlorinated rGO is a promising 2D material with unique properties. A new synthesis method combines chlorine intercalation and graphite sheet surface reduction into a single step. Various tests confirmed the chloride content improves storage capacity. The high chloride content of the material improved the electrolyte's d‐spacing and ion mobility, leading to increased storage capacity. Additionally, the potential of chlorinated RGO as an electrode material was examined using a 1 M H2SO4 solution as the electrolyte, and various tests including CV, EIS, and GCD were conducted. At a current density of 1 A/g, the chlorinated graphene material exhibited a specific capacitance of 373.4 F/g at a high rate, along with EDL capacitance. It also demonstrated excellent stability over 5000 cycles. These halogenated graphene compounds are highly promising for supercapacitor applications.
Insights into the Oxidative Esterification of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Toward Furan‐2,5‐dimethylcarboxylate over MnO@Co‐CN Catalyst
Authors: Jiang Wei , Zhao Chenkang , Liu Yanfeng , Zu Yu , Guo Hongyu , Zhao Guanghui , Wang Weizhong , Sun Yong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs a versatile platform molecule derived from biomass, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has the potential to be transformed into a variety of chemicals. Of these, furan‐2,5‐dimethylcarboxylate (FDMC) stands out as an excellent precursor for the synthesis of poly(ethylene furandicarboxylate) (PEF), a polymer with broad applications in the production of various polymeric materials. However, a majority of studies have focused on the use of noble metal catalysts to achieve the direct oxidative esterification of HMF for the production of FDMC. Given the scarcity and high cost of noble metal catalysts, there is a pressing need to develop non‐noble metal catalysts to efficiently facilitate the direct oxidative esterification of HMF. Accordingly, a bimetallic catalyst, MnO@Co‐CN, was prepared in this paper by a simple coprecipitation method, and a 90.3% FDMC yield was obtained under optimal conditions. The findings revealed that in the oxidative esterification of HMF, MnOx predominantly adsorbs the reactants onto the catalyst surface, whereas CoOx is primarily responsible for the oxidation. The synergistic interaction between Mn and Co enhances the catalytic performance, leading to the superior oxidative esterification outcomes. This work offers a cost‐effective, scalable method for FDMC synthesis, highlighting potential for industrial applications.
Incorporating Indium Oxide into Microplasma Reactor for CO2 Conversion to Methanol
Authors: Jin Ru , Wu Qi , He Haochuan , Wang Changhua , Li Yuanyuan , Jin Dexin , Liang Shuang , Ma He , Li Dashuai , Wang Rui , Li Yingying , Zhang Xintong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe clean conversion of CO2 is a strategic issue for addressing global climate change and advancing energy transformation. While the current clean CO2 conversion is limited to the H2 pyrolysis process, using H2O as a proton source is more promising and sustainable. A microplasma discharge method is developed, driven by electricity, and utilized for CO2 conversion with H2O. The microplasma integrates the advantages of high energy density in discharge plasma and microchannel reaction spaces, achieving a rapid resource conversion process of CO2 and water and a high selectivity for methanol production. By further combining In2O3 with microplasma and optimizing the structure of In2O3, is improved the selectivity of methanol production to 86.66%. The methanol production rate reached 72.64 mmol g−1 h−¹, which is higher than other clean energy‐driven conversion technologies. This work provides a green route for uphill reactions in clean CO2 conversion, offering a new approach for CO2 emission reduction and resource utilization.
“Native” or “Non‐Native”: Who's Worth More? Where Do We Stand on Medgyes' “Worthiness” Question After 30 Years?
Authors: Selvi Ali Fuad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDifferent from critical literature reviews offering macro‐level perspectives on non‐native speakerhood/teacherhood traditionally characterized by such terms as native English‐speaking teachers and non‐native English‐speaking teachers (Calafato, Kamhi‐Stein, Selvi and Swearingen), this paper adopts a micro‐level focus on the provocative question raised in the title of Peter Medgyes' seminal article—who's worth more? Interrogating the notions of value, legitimacy, and competency encapsulated in this question of worthiness, the micro‐level focus of this conceptual paper is built on three key premises: (1) recognizing the significance of his scholarship as the cornerstone of the NNEST movement, (2) critically examining the provocative question raised in his article and exploring the unintended consequences of this binary perspective as a form of residual discourse, and (3) advocating for interpretations that provide a more nuanced and complex understanding of (non)native speakerhood/teacherhood beyond his original stance—both epistemologically and ideologically.
Confocal Endomicroscopy Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Abnormalities in Individuals Without Documented Gastro‐Intestinal Disease
Authors: Trieu Thanh‐Hien , Vieujean Sophie , Delhougne Nicolas , Seidel Laurence , Louis Edouard , Loly Jean‐Philippe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and aimsProbe‐based confocal endomicroscopy (pCLE) allows real‐time microscopic visualization of the intestinal mucosa surface layers. Despite remission achieved through anti‐tumor necrosis factor or vedolizumab therapy, anomalies in the intestinal epithelial barrier are observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Our study aimed to assess these abnormalities in non‐IBD individuals and compare them with IBD patients in endoscopic remission to identify the associated factors.MethodsThe study involved 84 patients, 40 with IBD under biologic therapy for over 6 months and in endoscopic remission, and 44 without IBD or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) undergoing colorectal screening colonoscopy. White light endoscopy and probe‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy were performed in the ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum. Demographic, clinical, biological, and morphological factors were examined.ResultspCLE revealed abnormalities in both non‐IBD individuals and those with IBD in endoscopic remission, such as fluorescein leakage, blood vessel dilatation, and hypervascularization across all segments, as well as epithelial gaps in the ileum, and crypt dilatation in the colon. Comparing the two groups, IBD patients exhibited slightly more gaps in the ileum, increased fluorescein leakage in the transverse colon, and fewer vessel dilatation in the transverse colon. Abnormalities were more frequent in cases of hypertension (p = 0.03), dyslipidemia (p = 0.02), female gender (p = 0.02), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (p = 0.03), and family history of IBD (p = 0.04) or colorectal cancer (p = 0.03).ConclusionConfocal endomicroscopy abnormalities are present in both non‐IBD individuals undergoing colorectal cancer screening colonoscopy as in those with IBD in endoscopic remission. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of these abnormalities and their clinical impact.
On a Rayleigh-type quotient involving a variable exponent which depends on test functions
Authors: Mihăilescu Mihai , Stancu-Dumitru Denisa , Teca Anisia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Let

$$p:{{\mathbb {R}}}\rightarrow (1,\infty )$$

p
:
R
→
(
1
,
∞
)

be a bounded and continuous function. In this paper, we are concerned with the study of the positivity of the infimum

$$\inf \limits _{u\in C_0^\infty (\Omega ){\setminus }\{0\}}\frac{\displaystyle {\int _\Omega }|\nabla u(x)|^{p(u(x))}\;dx}{\displaystyle {\int _\Omega }|u(x)|^{p(u(x))}\;dx}\,$$

inf

u
∈

C
0
∞

(
Ω
)

\

{
0
}

∫
Ω

|
∇
u

(
x
)

|

p
(
u
(
x
)
)

d
x

∫
Ω

|
u

(
x
)

|

p
(
u
(
x
)
)

d
x

for all open and bounded domains

$$\Omega \subset {{\mathbb {R}}}^N$$

Ω
⊂

R

N

(

$$N\ge 1$$

N
≥
1

). In particular, we give some sufficient conditions on the function p in order to get the positivity of the above infimum and we provide examples of functions p for which the infimum vanishes.
Rigid body in compressible flow with general inflow–outflow boundary data
Authors: Axmann Šimon , Nečasová Šárka , Radošević Ana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The paper deals with the problem of the motion of a rigid body in a domain filled by the compressible fluid. We consider the nonhomogeneous boundary condition of the velocity and inflow boundary condition for the density. The existence of the weak solutions is shown. The novelty lies in the fact we are considering the general inflow–outflow boundary data, which were not considered before in the context of fluid–structure interaction.
HEW-Score – ein Werkzeug zur Homogenisierung der Spendermeldungen an die DSO
Authors: Lehmann Felix , Ehrentraut Stefan F. , Görtzen-Patin Jan , Söhle Martin , Langer Juliane , Banat Mohammed , Schrader Daniel , Kraus Holger , Weller Johannes 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Die anhaltend niedrige Anzahl postmortaler Organspenden in Deutschland führte wiederholt zu politischen Diskussionen und zuletzt zur Novellierung des Transplantationsgesetzes mit Stärkung der Rolle des Tansplantationsbeauftragten und Einführung eines Registers zur Dokumentation des Spendewillens. Hintergrund dieser Entscheidungen war die Annahme, dass ein relevanter Anteil potenzieller Organspender in den Krankenhäusern übersehen werden. Aufgrund fehlender Vorgaben, wann ein potenzieller Organspender an die DSO („Deutsche Stiftung Organspende“) gemeldet werden muss, ist die bestehende Datenlage jedoch nur von eingeschränkter Aussagekraft.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Transplantationsbeauftragten der Universitätsklinika in NRW verständigten sich daher auf den hier vorgestellten Hirnfunktionsausfall-Eignung-Wille(HEW)-Score als Standard für die Meldung potenzieller Organspender.

Material und Methoden
Durch Zuordnung der Punktwerte von 1–3 zu jedem der 3 inkludierten Merkmale ergibt sich ein Score von 111–333 und ab Überschreitung des Schwellenwerts 213 wird eine Meldung an die DSO empfohlen. Zur Implementierung wurden retrospektiv die HEW-Scores der durch TransplantCheck ermittelten Fälle der Universitätsklinika Bonn, Essen und Düsseldorf aus 2022 erhoben und in dieser Arbeit dargestellt.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt lag die Anzahl der gemäß HEW-Score zu meldenden Fälle in allen 3 Standorten 13,5 % unter den tatsächlich gemeldeten Fällen (126 vs. 109). In allen 3 Standorten war die Ablehnungsquote mit 54,5–64,9 % hoch.

Diskussion
Zusammenfassend stellt der HEW-Score ein Werkzeug zur detaillierten Erfassung und standardisierten Meldung potenzieller Organspender dar und kann ein homogenisiertes Meldeverhalten als Datengrundlage für zukünftige Verbesserungsansätze ermöglichen.
Hybridizing 3D printing and electroplating for the controlled forming of metal structures within fused deposition modelled contours
Authors: Müller Tobias , Scholz Steffen , Ehrhardt Marco , Ruíz Trujillo Sonia , Cogollo de Cádiz Mar , Díaz Lantada Andrés , Guttmann Markus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
An innovative approach for metal electroforming is presented, exemplified with proof-of-concept geometries and illustrated with an industrial application. The proposed production chain hybridizes 3D polymer printing and nickel electroplating for the design-controlled forming of metals within fused deposition modelled contours or patterns, which provide a selective functionalization of the substrate for metal deposition on demand. Applying the developed process, Ni electrodes for streamer discharge plasma generators are structured. These components stand out for their needle-like details, required for promoting streamer discharge phenomena, which would be challenging to obtain employing traditional milling processes. Current capabilities, main challenges and foreseen research directions, for this novel hybrid 3D printing and electroplating process and for its industrial applications, are discussed. Overall, the described process contributes to the already fruitful connections among additive manufacturing technologies and metal electrodeposition procedures, providing an interesting route towards accessible and straightforward electroforming of large components and structures.
Directed capacity-preserving subgraphs: hardness and exact polynomial algorithms
Authors: Chimani Markus , Ilsen Max 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We introduce and discuss the problem: given a directed graph with edge capacities

$$\textit{cap} $$

cap

and a retention ratio

$$\alpha \in (0,1)$$

α
∈
(
0
,
1
)

, find the smallest subgraph that, for each pair of vertices (u, v), preserves at least a fraction

$$\alpha $$

α

of a maximum u-v-flow’s value. This problem originates from the practical setting of reducing the power consumption in a computer network: it models turning off as many links as possible, while retaining the ability to transmit at least

$$\alpha $$

α

times the traffic compared to the original network. First we prove that is NP-hard already on a restricted set of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) with unit edge capacities. Our reduction also shows that a closely related problem (which only considers the arguably most complicated core of the problem in the objective function) is NP-hard to approximate within a sublogarithmic factor already on DAGs. In terms of positive results, we present two algorithms that solve optimally on directed series-parallel graphs (DSPs): a simple linear-time algorithm for the special case of unit edge capacities and a cubic-time dynamic programming algorithm for the general case of non-uniform edge capacities. Further, we introduce the family of laminar series-parallel graphs (LSPs), a generalization of DSPs that also includes cyclic and very dense graphs. Their properties allow us to solve on LSPs by employing our DSP-algorithms as subroutines. In addition, we give a separate quadratic-time algorithm for on LSPs with unit edge capacities that also yields straightforward quadratic time algorithms for several related problems such as and on LSPs.