bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of DNA double‐strand break repair pathways throughout the carbon ion spread‐out Bragg peak beam
Authors: Buglewicz Dylan J. , Buglewicz Jessica K. F. , Hirakawa Hirokazu , Kato Takamitsu A. , Liu Cuihua , Fang YaQun , Kusumoto Tamon , Fujimori Akira , Sai Sei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFollowing carbon ion beam irradiation in mammalian cells, such as used in carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT), it has been suggested that the balance between whether nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) is utilized depends on the DNA double‐strand break (DSB) complexity. Here, we quantified DSB distribution and identified the importance of each DSB repair pathway at increasing depths within the carbon ion spread‐out Bragg peak (SOBP) beam range. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines were irradiated in a single biological system capable of incorporating the full carbon ion SOBP beam range. Cytotoxicity and DSB distribution/repair kinetics were examined at increasing beam depths using cell survival as an endpoint and γ‐H2AX as a surrogate marker for DSBs. We observed that proximal SOBP had the highest number of total foci/cell and lowest survival, while distal SOBP had the most dense tracks. Both NHEJ‐ and HR‐deficient CHO cells portrayed an increase in radiosensitivity throughout the full carbon beam range, although NHEJ‐deficient cells were the most radiosensitive cell line from beam entrance up to proximal SOBP and demonstrated a dose‐dependent decrease in ability to repair DSBs. In contrast, HR‐deficient cells had the greatest ratio of survival fraction at entrance depth to the lowest survival fraction within the SOBP and demonstrated a linear energy transfer (LET)‐dependent decrease in ability to repair DSBs. Collectively, our results provide insight into treatment planning and potential targets to inhibit, as HR was a more beneficial pathway to inhibit than NHEJ to enhance the cell killing effect of CIRT in targeted tumor cells within the SOBP while maintaining limited unwanted damage to surrounding healthy cells.
Are Turkish doctors in deep water? The role of professional ethics and factors affecting the medical brain drain: A qualitative study from Turkey
Authors: Önal F. Gülsüm , Akay Fatih Erkan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the increased rate of the Turkish medical brain drain (MDB) in recent years, there is a need for more comprehensive studies to elucidate its vague migratory factors. The aim of this paper is to try to narrow that gap by analyzing present impacts of the MDB in Turkey and to evaluate if these aspects were driven by professional ethical values, and if so, what ethical principles they were based on. In‐depth interviews were conducted with 19 doctors from various backgrounds, followed by a thematic analysis. The MDB in Turkey demonstrated a multifactorial structure, with prominent push factors that are intertwined at macro‐meso‐micro levels. The effort to maintain the principles of beneficence, non‐maleficence, and protecting professional autonomy were the most important in the context of professional ethics. Only deep‐rooted regulations might ensure the prevention of the MDB in Turkey and the prospect of doctors returning in the future. Conclusively, the recent criticisms the MDB has been garnering may inspire improvements in deteriorating human and health rights in Turkey.
Autoimmune encephalitis antibody profiles and clinical characteristics of children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis
Authors: Yang Jiaxin , Luo Hanyu , Ding Ran , Fang Zhixu , Gui Jianxiong , Han Ziyao , Yang Xiaoyue , Huang Dishu , Ma Jiannan , Jiang Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo identify the spectrum of autoimmune encephalitis antibody biomarkers (AE‐Abs) in children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis and explore the clinical features indicating AE‐Abs presence.MethodWe included children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis who underwent AE‐Abs tests at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between June 2020 and June 2022. Clinical features suggestive of AE‐Abs were analysed based on AE‐Abs test results.ResultsA total of 392 children were tested for AE‐Abs with suspected autoimmune encephalitis. Of these, 49.5% were male, with a median age of 7 years 11 months (6 months–17 years 11 months); 93.6% (367/392) of all patients had both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests performed. The antibody‐positive rate in the cohort was 23.7% (93/392), the serum antibody‐positive rate was 21.9% (84/384), and the CSF antibody‐positive rate was 20.8% (78/375). Eleven different AE‐Abs were detected. Serum analysis revealed that N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor immunoglobulin‐G (NMDAR‐IgG) (15.1%) was greater than myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)‐IgG (14.6%) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)‐IgG (3.3%). CSF analysis revealed that NMDAR‐IgG (16.3%) was greater than MOG‐IgG (13.8%) and GFAP‐IgG (3.3%). Compared with antibody‐negative patients, antibody‐positive patients were more often female (odds ratio [OR] 1.86, p = 0.03), with memory impairment (OR 2.91, p = 0.01) and sleep disorders (OR 2.08, p = 0.02).InterpretationIn children, the most frequent AE‐Abs detected were NMDAR‐IgG and MOG‐IgG. Female sex, memory impairment, and sleep disorders predict a higher likelihood of AE‐Abs.
Design Education in the Post‐Digital Age By John Maeda
Authors: Nussbaum Bruce 
Published: October 2023

Recently, the Museum of Art and Design (MAD) in New York City put on an exhibition called Materializing the Postdigital. It showcased the original and beautiful clothes and sculptures that can now be designed and created using 3D printing and other digital making technologies. The most powerful message of the exhibition was the title itself because it highlighted, for the first time, the fact that we have finally incorporated a new generation of making technologies and can finally get back to the heart and soul of design—the making itself.Which is why John Maeda's “Design Education in the Post‐Digital Age” is so important. For 20 years, a generation really, designers, entrepreneurs, business managers and professors have been busy struggling with the new technologies of making. It has been a tense and difficult time, particularly in education, where change comes slowly. Maeda aptly highlights these struggles in academia and how the rise of new digital design technologies has led to conflict between older and younger designers and between older professors and younger students. He also states boldly what so many have said quietly, which is that the obsession with digital technology has often led to a segregation of creativity from technology. Or, for those who reject digital technology entirely, it has led to a stifling of creativity.Maeda's message is singularly clear. Let's get on with integrating technology into our process so we can return to our true goals as artists and innovators creating the new and building a better future for people. The growing integration of design with high‐tech startups shows us what can be accomplished.
Brand Design Imperatives for Emerging Global Markets By Jerome C. Kathman
Authors: Kathman Jerome C. 
Published: October 2023

Fifteen years ago, I wrote an article concerning the emerging global marketplace for fast‐moving consumer goods. I shared some lessons from our practice as we helped consumer‐goods multinationals navigate what was a time of rapid and accelerating change. Reading this article a decade and a half later, I am pleased that the counsel provided then remains valuable today.At the time, the command economies of Eastern Europe were collapsing and the emerging markets in South Asia and South America were rising. The global marketplace for consumer brands was exploding.Now, in 2015, packaged‐goods brands and retailers continue their march towards globalization. Hyper markets today are found in every corner of the world. The emerging middle class in China, Russia, Brazil, and many other countries is larger and more sophisticated than I would have imagined possible back then.The consumer's voice is more powerful than ever in the age of social media. The role of e‐commerce is today at a scale unimagined at the time this paper was published.The amount of information available today about the world's consumer is overwhelming. Loyalty cards and other big data tools allow consumer‐goods companies to understand purchasing patterns and consumer habits as never before.The new, more discerning middle‐class consumer will continue to drive change and innovation in the marketplace. For companies, making good choices and making them quickly will determine the winners and losers in the marketplace for brands.
Setting the Standard for Environmental Sustainability: The Need for Good Metrics
Authors: Schultz Tobias 
Published: October 2023

Drought in California, record heat in Europe, collapsing ice shelves in Antarctica, and bigger storms, it seems, everywhere. Our world faces environmental impacts that threaten human sustainability—in some places, within just 20 years. Designers want to work with sustainability in mind. But where can they find reliable, scientifically sound metrics to help them make the inevitable tradeoffs?What does environmental sustainability really mean? And—amid all the competing claims of greenness—where can designers get reliable information about the materials they are using?
Strategic Design Versus Silent Design: A Reckoning
Authors: Shams Maha , Lam Busayawan 
Published: October 2023

When non‐designers take on design duties, the results are often not what was intended. It's not that these marketing managers, programmers, and engineers don't intend to do right by their companies; it's that no one in their organizations has thought of design and its place in the big picture of corporate strategy and planning. The consequences are significant.Silent design speaks just as loudly as strategic design. But not in a good way.
Design Value Index Exemplars Outperform the S&P 500 Index (Again) and a New Crop of Design Leaders Emerge
Authors: Rae Jeneanne 
Published: October 2023

The Power & Value of Design Continues to Grow across the S&P 500 A Special Report Sponsored by the Design Management Institute in Partnership with Motiv StrategiesThe Design Management Institute 2015 Design Value Index (DVI) shows a 211% return over the S&P 500. This marks the third year in a row we have seen results in excess of 200% over the S&P.
10 Things for the Ideal Design RFP
Authors: Calde Steve 
Published: October 2023

RFPs can be an obstacle between a firm and the client, making it hard for both parties to evaluate the match. While it's important to request information from potential design partners that allows for side‐by‐side comparisons about capabilities, costs and approaches, you should also discern whether a firm is a good philosophical and culture fit.Ten recommendations for making a Request for Proposal (RFP) a highly effective tool for finding the perfect design and strategy partner.
Modern Infringements: The Unsavory Side of 3D Printing and Digital Replicas
Authors: Katz Robert S. 
Published: October 2023

Once upon a time, knock‐off products were fodder for swap meets and city street corners. Now technological advancements have created the opportunity and market for new types of infringements‐ the creation, use and sale of 3D printable files and products originally created by others.If your company is making products that are sold to consumers, the chances are high that you will encounter 3D model patent infringements.
Q&A
Authors: Mayo Noel , Justice Lorraine , Woods Meshella Eddye , Nyanning Kwame , Harrison Charles 
Published: October 2023

Noel Mayo was the first African‐American—not to mention the first African‐American industrial designer—to graduate from Philadelphia's University of the Arts. And even after that, he says, “I learned the hard way that I had to exceed all expectations.”From Pittsburgh to Columbus, Ohio, to Hong Kong to Atlanta and Rochester, New York, Dr. Lorraine Justice's career has gone from one pioneering role to the next.Looking back on a life spent creating opportunities and paving the way for those to come—in the federal government and elsewhere.“It takes a special kind of designer to be successful at a place like the Firm,” says McKinsey's vice president of experience design.During his career, Harrison executed more than 700 designs, a significant number of which were successful in the marketplace, and received the National Design Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2008. He was also Sears Roebuck's first African‐American executive. It was not easy getting there.
Ideas for Mapping Lifeworld and Everyday Life in Practical Social Pedagogy
Authors: Úcar Xavier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSince the 1970s, the concepts of “lifeworld” and “everyday life” have been part of the discourse of social pedagogy and social and educational work in general. Xavier Úcar's objective in this article is to generate and communicate socio‐pedagogical knowledge that helps social pedagogues to build socio‐educational relationships that are more effective, more sustainable, more satisfactory, and ultimately richer in terms of both experiences and learning for participants. A conceptually oriented, nonsystematic analysis procedure was used to conduct this research. The procedure involved an in‐depth investigation of documents that focus on the two target areas of this study: (1) social pedagogy, and (2) lifeworld and everyday life. The results describe the theoretical background of lifeworld and everyday life, discuss the development of the perspective of “lifeworld orientation” within the framework of social pedagogy in Germany, and analyze how everyday life is understood through actions undertaken by social pedagogues. These results provide ideas for mapping the essential dimensions of everyday life from the perspective of social pedagogy.
Emotional intelligence, spelling performance and intelligence quotient differences based on the executive function profile of schoolchildren
Authors: Muñoz‐Parreño Julián Alfonso , Belando‐Pedreño Noelia , Valero‐Valenzuela Alfonso 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the correlation of intelligence quotient with spelling performance, executive functions and emotional intelligence and to analyse the profiles in executive functions presented by the participants and the differences at the level of intelligence quotient, spelling performance and emotional intelligence. The sample consisted of 125 Spanish primary school students (58 girls and 67 boys) in a rural environment, with a mean age of 10.92 (±.68) years. Intelligence quotient and spelling performance were measured using the BADyG test; executive functions were assessed using the NIH EXAMINER battery and emotional intelligence was assessed using the Bar‐On questionnaire. The results show a high correlation of intelligence quotient with spelling performance, executive functions and two emotional intelligence dimensions (adaptability and interpersonal). Two clusters were observed: a high executive functions profile (n = 74, 59.7%), with high scores on all measured variables (working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility, inhibition and verbal fluency), and a low executive functions profile (n = 50, 40.3%) with low scores on all executive functions‐related variables. The multivariate analysis of variance (MANCOVA) found variations between the different clusters in the intelligence quotient, spelling performance and interpersonal emotional intelligence variables, showing that students with a higher executive functions profile had a higher intelligence quotient, spelling performance and interpersonal emotional intelligence values. This study could help to better define what kind of teaching methodology favours the development of academic performance in schoolchildren and the connections between important educational aspects such as emotional intelligence and executive functions.
Intracardiac thrombi fluttering like hair in the wind at VT ablation
Authors: Hasegawa Kanae , Powers Edward M. , Yoneda Zachary T. , Richardson Travis D. , Stevenson William G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionIntracardiac echocardiography (ICE) reveals mobile thrombus on implantable electronic device leads in some patients undergoing electrophysiologic procedures.MethodsICE was performed in a patient undergoing ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation.ResultsICE showed extensive mobile thrombi on the implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of VT from perimitral scar was safely performed via a retrograde aortic approach. After the procedure, chronic anticoagulation was initiated. CT‐angiography of the chest 2 months later showed no pulmonary emboli.ConclusionsThe significance of these thrombi, as related to chronic pulmonary embolization, warrants further study.
Anteroseptal accessory pathways: Killing one bird with two stones
Authors: Abdelrahim Elsheikh , Miller John , Maskoun Waddah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAblation of anteroseptal accessory pathways (AS‐AP) is challenging, with lower success and more complications compared to other APs. AS‐APs can be successfully ablated from the right atrium (RA) or the aortic valve's noncoronary cusp (NCC). We report two patients who required a hybrid ablation approach to achieve successful abolition of both anterograde and retrograde AS‐AP conduction.Methods and ResultsA 21‐year‐old female with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and pre‐excitation on electrocardiogram (ECG) underwent electrophysiology study (EPS) confirming an AS‐AP with anterograde and retrograde conduction. Ablation in the NCC achieved immediate and persistent anterograde conduction block. Electrophysiological maneuvers showed persistent retrograde AP conduction and orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia (ORT) remained easily inducible. Additional ablation in the NCC did not eliminate retrograde conduction. Further ablation in the RA opposite the NCC at the site of earliest retrograde atrial activation during ORT restored sinus and eliminated retrograde AP conduction. A 52‐year‐old male with SVT and ECG with pre‐excitation underwent EPS that confirmed an AS‐AP with anterograde and retrograde conduction. Ablation was performed in the NCC resulting in immediate elimination of pre‐excitation. Retrograde conduction was still present and confirmed by repeating electrophysiological maneuvers. Ablation was performed in the RA opposite the successful ablation site in the NCC, eliminating retrograde AP conduction.ConclusionTwo cases of AS‐AP with anterograde and retrograde conduction and successful elimination of pathway conduction required a hybrid ablation approach from the NCC and RA. This approach may be helpful in other cases to improve success rates without using excessive ablation near the normal conduction system.
The Ripple Effects of Compliance: Reconfiguring EU Policy Effectiveness in Transboundary Environmental Governance
Authors: Lappe‐Osthege Teresa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResearch on EU policy effectiveness focuses on implementation and compliance within the EU; however, there is a need for a greater understanding of how and why transboundary socio‐ecological issues challenge policy effectiveness beyond the EU's borders. This article introduces the innovative concept of ‘ripple effects’ of compliance, which are harms perpetuated by structural inequalities, and discusses their implications for EU environmental governance. Contributing to transnational compliance research by integrating political ecology and green criminology, the analysis builds on qualitative data on the illegal bird trade from the Western Balkans into the EU. It demonstrates that compliance with conservation policies within Member States undermines EU policy objectives through crime displacement and institutional misfit, which externalise environmental harm to the Western Balkans. Increased enforcement and monitoring of policy implementation alone cannot function as a panacea for policy ineffectiveness. Addressing these dynamics requires strengthened multilevel and cross‐jurisdictional governance that encompasses entire ecosystems.
α‐SMA+ cancer‐associated fibroblasts increased tumor enhancement ratio on contrast‐enhanced multidetector‐row computed tomography in stages I–III colon cancer
Authors: Wang Zhanhuai , Han Shugao , Xu Kailun , Yang Qi , Wang Xinhong , Tang Yang , Shao Yingkuan , Ye Yao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimOur prior research revealed that the tumor enhancement ratio (TER) on triphasic abdominal contrast‐enhanced MDCT (CE‐MDCT) scans was a prognostic factor for patients with stages I–III colon cancer. Building upon this finding, the present study aims to investigate the proteomic changes in colon cancer patients with varying TER values.MethodsTER was analyzed on preoperative triphasic CE‐MDCT scans of 160 stages I–III colon cancer patients. The survival outcomes of those in the low‐TER and high‐TER groups were compared. Proteomic analysis on colon cancer tissues was performed by mass spectrometry (MS) and verified by immune‐histological chemistry (IHC) assays. In vivo, mouse xenograft models were employed to test the function of target proteins identified through the MS. CE‐MDCT scans were conducted on mice xenografts, and the TER values were compared.ResultsPatients in the high‐TER group had a significantly worse prognosis than those in the low‐TER group. Proteomic analysis of colon cancer tissues revealed 153 differentially expressed proteins between the two groups. A correlation between TER and the abundance of α‐SMA protein in tumor tissue was observed. IHC assays further confirmed that α‐SMA protein expression was significantly increased in high‐TER colon cancer, predominantly in cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the cancer stroma. Moreover, CAFs promoted the growth of CRC xenografts in vivo and increased TER.ConclusionsOur study identified the distinct protein changes in colon cancer with low and high TER for the first time. The presence of CAFs may promote the growth of colon cancer and contribute to an increased TER.
Metabolic changes with intermittent fasting
Authors: Lange Maria G. , Coffey Alice A. , Coleman Paul C. , Barber Thomas M. , Van Rens Thijs , Oyebode Oyinlola , Abbott Sally , Hanson Petra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of obesity is rising globally and effective strategies to treat obesity are needed. Intermittent fasting, a dietary intervention for weight management, has received growing interest from the general public, as well as healthcare professionals, as a form of lifestyle intervention.MethodsWe executed a rapid review using PUBMED database to identify systematic reviews that examined the impact of intermittent fasting on metabolic indices, published between 2011 and 2022.ResultsIntermittent fasting leads to weight loss of a similar magnitude to continuous energy restriction. Most of the evidence shows that intermittent fasting leads to greater fat loss as measured by fat mass (kg) or body fat percentage compared to an ad libitum diet, but fat loss attained during intermittent fasting is not significantly different to continuous energy restriction, although recent evidence shows intermittent fasting to be superior. There is mixed evidence for the impact of intermittent fasting on insulin resistance, fasting glucose and lipid profile. Some studies focused on populations of Muslim people, which showed that Ramadan fasting may lead to weight loss and improvement of metabolic parameters during fasting, although the effects are reversed when fasting is finished.ConclusionsIntermittent fasting is more effective than an ad libitum dietary intake, and equally or more effective as continuous energy restriction, for weight management. However, there is inconclusive evidence on whether intermittent fasting has a clinically beneficial effect on glucose and lipid metabolism.