bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of the United States crop basis and distribution network to precipitation
Authors: Mobarok Mohammad Hasan , Thompson Wyatt , Skevas Theodoros 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigate the influence of precipitation patterns on the differences between Missouri corn and soybean elevator prices and nearby Chicago Board of Trade futures prices, also referred to as basis. Basis reflects the crop transportation network costs, and we use basis data to estimate the sensitivity of this network to precipitation. The estimates show that corn and soybean basis differ in terms of the immediate effect of weekly local precipitation. The growing‐season precipitation exhibits a U‐shaped relationship for both crops, reflecting the role of growing‐season precipitation on yields and the sensitivity of transportation system stress to crop volumes. We also find that the basis is affected by river transportation disruptions proxied by regional precipitation, which indicates when water levels might be too high or too low for normal barge traffic. Given the climate projections, there are concerns regarding precipitation's influence on the infrastructure that links Missouri crops to export facilities, crop growing conditions, and collection point disruptions. Hence, this research speaks to both the state of this part of the food system now and the potential impacts of changing weather patterns on the US crop distribution network. [EconLit Citations: Q13, L90].
Comprehensive phylogenomic time tree of bryophytes reveals deep relationships and uncovers gene incongruences in the last 500 million years of diversification
Authors: Bechteler Julia , Peñaloza‐Bojacá Gabriel , Bell David , Gordon Burleigh J. , McDaniel Stuart F. , Christine Davis E. , Sessa Emily B. , Bippus Alexander , Christine Cargill D. , Chantanoarrapint Sahut , Draper Isabel , Endara Lorena , Forrest Laura L. , Garilleti Ricardo , Graham Sean W. , Huttunen Sanna , Lazo Javier Jauregui , Lara Francisco , Larraín Juan , Lewis Lily R. , Long David G. , Quandt Dietmar , Renzaglia Karen , Schäfer‐Verwimp Alfons , Lee Gaik Ee , Sierra Adriel M. , von Konrat Matt , Zartman Charles E. , Pereira Marta Regina , Goffinet Bernard , Villarreal A. Juan Carlos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPremiseBryophytes form a major component of terrestrial plant biomass, structuring ecological communities in all biomes. Our understanding of the evolutionary history of hornworts, liverworts, and mosses has been significantly reshaped by inferences from molecular data, which have highlighted extensive homoplasy in various traits and repeated bursts of diversification. However, the timing of key events in the phylogeny, patterns, and processes of diversification across bryophytes remain unclear.MethodsUsing the GoFlag probe set, we sequenced 405 exons representing 228 nuclear genes for 531 species from 52 of the 54 orders of bryophytes. We inferred the species phylogeny from gene tree analyses using concatenated and coalescence approaches, assessed gene conflict, and estimated the timing of divergences based on 29 fossil calibrations.ResultsThe phylogeny resolves many relationships across the bryophytes, enabling us to resurrect five liverwort orders and recognize three more and propose 10 new orders of mosses. Most orders originated in the Jurassic and diversified in the Cretaceous or later. The phylogenomic data also highlight topological conflict in parts of the tree, suggesting complex processes of diversification that cannot be adequately captured in a single gene‐tree topology.ConclusionsWe sampled hundreds of loci across a broad phylogenetic spectrum spanning at least 450 Ma of evolution; these data resolved many of the critical nodes of the diversification of bryophytes. The data also highlight the need to explore the mechanisms underlying the phylogenetic ambiguity at specific nodes. The phylogenomic data provide an expandable framework toward reconstructing a comprehensive phylogeny of this important group of plants.
Menarche at Amarna: Timing and the further implications
Authors: Dabbs Gretchen R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis article examines skeletal development in non‐elite individuals from Amarna to identify the age of menarche.Materials and MethodsThe total sample (n = 267; 65 female, 39 male, 163 indeterminate) was examined for six variables indicative of the pubertal stage (mineralization of the mandibular canine root [n = 46], distal radius fusion [n = 227], proximal ulna fusion [n = 220], distal humerus fusion [n = 237], presence of the iliac crest epiphysis [n = 24], iliac crest fusion [n = 199]). Age and sex estimates are based on standard criteria for dental development and eruption, cranial and pelvic morphology, and post‐cranial metric analysis.ResultsThe iliac crest epiphysis is rarely present before age 15 years. Beginning fusion of the distal radius and iliac crest suggests that by age 19, most individuals have entered the maturation phase, providing book ends for the timing of menarche. Variables elucidating the peak height velocity (proximal ulna and distal humerus fusion) narrow that span and suggest menarche is achieved around 15–17 years for most individuals, with a broader estimate of 14–19 years encompassing the known diversity in timing of menarche.DiscussionMenarche is commonly cited as an indicator of adult status. The observed later entrance into this life stage, and the associated reduced fertility, has broader implications for understanding of economic, social, biological, and demographic patterns observed at Amarna and among different social groups in the ancient city, as well as individual life histories.
APOE Christchurch‐mimetic therapeutic antibody reduces APOE‐mediated toxicity and tau phosphorylation
Authors: Marino Claudia , Perez‐Corredor Paula , O'Hare Michael , Heuer Annie , Chmielewska Natalia , Gordon Harper , Chandrahas Anita S. , Gonzalez‐Buendia Lucia , Delgado‐Tirado Santiago , Doan Tri H. , Vanderleest Timothy E. , Arevalo‐Alquichire Said , Obar Robert A. , Ortiz‐Cordero Carolina , Villegas Andres , Sepulveda‐Falla Diego , Kim Leo A. , Lopera Francisco , Mahley Robert , Huang Yadong , Quiroz Yakeel T. , Arboleda‐Velasquez Joseph F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe discovered that the APOE3 Christchurch (APOE3Ch) variant may provide resistance to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This resistance may be due to reduced pathological interactions between ApoE3Ch and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs).METHODSWe developed and characterized the binding, structure, and preclinical efficacy of novel antibodies targeting human ApoE‐HSPG interactions.RESULTSWe found that one of these antibodies, called 7C11, preferentially bound ApoE4, a major risk factor for sporadic AD, and disrupts heparin‐ApoE4 interactions. We also determined the crystal structure of a Fab fragment of 7C11 and used computer modeling to predict how it would bind to ApoE. When we tested 7C11 in mouse models, we found that it reduced recombinant ApoE‐induced tau pathology in the retina of MAPT*P301S mice and curbed pTau S396 phosphorylation in brains of systemically treated APOE4 knock‐in mice. Targeting ApoE‐HSPG interactions using 7C11 antibody may be a promising approach to developing new therapies for AD.
Living Alternating Ring‐Opening Metathesis Copolymerization of 2,3‐Dihydrofuran to Provide Completely Degradable Polymers
Authors: An Taeyang , Ryu Hanseul , Choi Tae‐Lim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract2,3‐Dihydrofuran (DHF) has recently been gaining significant attention as a comonomer in metathesis polymerization, thanks to its ability to provide the resultant polymer backbones with stimuli‐responsive degradability. In this report, we present living alternating copolymerization of DHF with less reactive endo‐tricyclo[4.2.2.02,5]deca‐3,9‐dienes (TDs) and endo‐oxonorbornenes (oxoNBs). By carefully controlling the reactivity of both the Ru initiators and the monomers, we have achieved outstanding A, B‐alternation (up to 98 %) under near stoichiometric DHF loading conditions. Notably, we have also found that the use of a more sterically hindered Ru initiator helps to attain polymer backbones with higher DHF incorporation and superior A, B‐alternation. While preserving the living characteristics of DHF copolymerization, as evidenced by controlled molecular weights (up to 73.9 kDa), narrow dispersities (down to 1.05), and block copolymer formation, our DHF copolymers could be broken down to a single repeat unit level under acidic conditions. 1H NMR analysis of the model copolymer revealed that after 24 hours of degradation, up to 80 % of the initial polymer was transformed into a single small molecule product, and after purification, up to 66 % of the degradation product was retrieved. This study provides a versatile approach to improve the alternation and degradability of DHF copolymers.
Creating a Defined Chirality in Amino Acids and Cyclic Dipeptides by Photochemical Deracemization
Authors: Großkopf Johannes , Plaza Manuel , Kutta Roger Jan , Nuernberger Patrick , Bach Thorsten 
Published: October 2023

Abstract2,5‐Diketopiperazines are cyclic dipeptides displaying a wide range of applications. Their enantioselective preparation has now been found possible from the respective racemates by a photochemical deracemization (53 examples, 74 % to quantitative yield, 71–99 % ee). A chiral benzophenone catalyst in concert with irradiation at λ=366 nm enables to establish the configuration at the stereogenic carbon atom C6 at will. If other stereogenic centers are present in the diketopiperazines they remain unaffected and a stereochemical editing is possible at a single position. Consecutive reactions, including the conversion into N‐aryl or N‐alkyl amino acids or the reduction to piperazines, occur without compromising the newly created stereogenic center. Transient absorption spectroscopy revealed that the benzophenone catalyst processes one enantiomer of the 2,5‐diketopiperazines preferentially and enables a reversible hydrogen atom transfer that is responsible for the deracemization process. The remarkably long lifetime of the protonated ketyl radical implies a yet unprecedented mode of action.
Biomedical potential of hydrothermally synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles for antifungal evaluation and cytotoxicity analysis
Authors: Guleria Geetika , Kumar Sahil , Thakur Sapna , Sharma Dhananjay K. , Thakur Shweta , Kalia Susheel , Shandilya Mamta 
Published: October 2023

As nanotechnology gains popularity in medicine, there is a growing concern that small nanoparticles (NPs) could accumulate and penetrate deep into the human body, posing potential risks to various organs. To ensure safe usage and assess potential hazards, it is crucial to conduct a toxicological evaluation of ZnO NPs on human organs such as the kidney. The present study involved the synthesis of ZnO NPs by using the hydrothermal method. Pure and crystalline phase was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM images displayed less agglomerated surface morphology, implying that the NPs were distributed relatively evenly and exhibited a plate‐like shape. Two pathogenic fungi Fusarium incarnatum and Aspergillus niger were isolated from the capsicum and tomato, respectively, and identified through morphological and molecular analysis. The antimycotic property of synthesized ZnO NPs were examined against Fusariumincarnatum (MT682502) and Aspergillus niger (MT675916) and showed decreased microbial growth after 9 days of incubation. The toxicological evaluation of ZnO NPs on a human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell line showed 88% cell viability with 10 μg/ml, leading to the safe use of ZnO NPs.
Estimation in optimal treatment regimes based on mean residual lifetimes with right‐censored data
Authors: Liu Zhishuai , Zhan Zishu , Lin Cunjie , Zhang Baqun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn optimal individualized treatment regime (ITR) is a decision rule in allocating the best treatment to each patient and, hence, maximizing overall benefits. In this paper, we propose a novel framework based on nonparametric inverse probability weighting (IPW) and augmented inverse probability weighting (AIPW) estimators of the value function when the data are subject to right censoring. In contrast to most existing approaches that are designed to maximize the expected survival time under a binary treatment framework, the proposed method targets maximizing the mean residual lifetime of patients. Specifically, the proposed IPW method searches the optimal ITR by maximizing an estimator for the overall population outcome directly, without specifying the regression model for the conditional mean residual lifetime, whereas the AIPW method integrates the model information of the mean residual lifetime to improve the robustness. Furthermore, to overcome the computational difficulty in a nonsmooth value estimator, smoothed IPW and AIPW estimators are constructed. In theory, we establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed method under suitable regularity conditions. The empirical performances of the proposed IPW and AIPW estimators are evaluated using simulation studies and are further illustrated with an application to the real‐world data set from the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Clinical Trial Group Protocol 175 (ACTG175).
The Memorial Sloan Kettering Prognostic Score: Correlation with survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Wan Mingyu , Ding Yongfeng , Ma Xiaolu , Chen Xiaoyu , Xu Xin , Mao Chenyu , Qian Jiong , Xiao Cheng , Jiang Haiping , Zheng Yulong , Teng Lisong , Xu Nong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNotwithstanding that the past decade has witnessed unprecedented medical progress, gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer death, highlighting the need for effective prognostic markers. The Memorial Sloan Kettering Prognostic Score (MPS) has been validated as a valuable prognostic tool for patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of the MPS in advanced GC.MethodsData from 367 patients were analyzed in the present study. The MPS for each patient was calculated based on the sum of scores based on the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and serum albumin levels. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent clinicopathological parameters associated with overall survival (OS). Further subgroup analyses based on clinicopathological features were conducted.ResultsPatients with MPS 0 (n = 161), MPS 1 (n = 158), and MPS 2 (n = 48) exhibited significantly different OS, with a median survival duration of 20.7 (95%CI: 12.2–29.2), 14.9 (95%CI: 12.5–17.3), and 12.7 (95%CI: 9.3–16.0) months, respectively (p < 0.001). Significant differences in survival were observed among different groups of patients receiving chemotherapy (18.5 months vs. 14.7 months vs. 11.0 months, p = 0.03) or the subgroup receiving chemotherapy plus immunotherapy as first‐line treatment (32.6 months vs. 17.7 months vs. 12.7 months, p = 0.02). The MPS was identified as an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. During subgroup analyses, MPS‐low (MPS 0) was consistently associated with a better prognosis than MPS‐high (MPS 1 or 2).ConclusionsMPS is a practical, simple, and useful prognostic tool for patients with advanced GC. Further studies are warranted to validate its prognostic value in advanced GC.
Apoptotic activity of genipin in human oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro by regulating STAT3 signaling
Authors: Park Dong‐Guk , Jin Bohwan , Lee Won W. , Kim Hyun‐Ji , Kim Ji‐Hoon , Choi Su‐Jung , Hong Seong‐Doo , Shin Ji‐Ae , Cho Sung‐Dae 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGenipin, a natural compound derived from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, was reported to have activity against various cancer types. In this study, we determined the underlying mechanism for genipin‐induced cell death in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The growth‐inhibitory effects of genipin in human OSCC cells was examined by the Cell Counting Kit‐8 and soft agar assays. The effects of genipin on apoptosis were assessed by nuclear morphological changes by 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole staining, measurement of the sub‐G1 population, and Annexin V‐fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining. The underlying mechanism of genipin activity was analyzed by western blot analysis, subcellular fractionation of the nucleus and cytoplasm, immunocytochemistry, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Genipin inhibited the growth of OSCC cells and induced apoptosis, which was mediated by a caspase‐dependent pathway. Genipin reduced the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) at Tyr705 and its nuclear localization. Furthermore, inhibition of p‐STAT3Tyr705 levels following genipin treatment was required for the reduction of survivin and myeloid cell leukemia‐1 (Mcl‐1) expression, leading to apoptotic cell death. The genipin‐mediated reduction in survivin and Mcl‐1 expression was caused by transcriptional and/or posttranslational regulatory mechanisms. The results provide insight into the regulatory mechanism by which genipin induces apoptotic cell death through the abrogation of nuclear STAT3 phosphorylation and suggest that genipin may represent a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of human OSCC.
Functionalization of Dodecaborates by Mild and Efficient Pd‐Catalyzed Formation of B−C Bonds with Boronic Acids**
Authors: Al‐Joumhawy Mahmoud K. , Chang Jui‐Chi , Assaf Khaleel I. , Bassil Bassem S. , Gabel Detlef 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHybrid organic‐inorganic molecules have recently received great interest due to their unique properties, which give access to their implementation in biological and material sciences. Herein, a new synthetic approach for the direct‐linkage of the purely inorganic dodecaborate cluster to organic building blocks through B−C bond is established, using boronic acids as functional groups on the organic moiety, reacting under Suzuki–Miyaura coupling conditions with iodo‐undecahydridododecaborate. The choices of ligand (DavePhos) and solvent (N‐methylpyrrolidone for electron‐poor, CD3CN for electron‐rich groups) are essential for the successful coupling. Ultimately, the newly described methodology is found to be functional‐group tolerant covering a wide spectrum of substrates including electron‐poor arenes.
Automation und Elektrifizierung aus einer Hand
Authors: Reutner Ulla 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGrüner Wasserstoff soll in Zukunft in vielen Bereichen fossile Brennstoffe ablösen. Damit seine Herstellung auch im Industriemaßstab kosteneffizient und so flexibel wie möglich funktioniert, hat die Enapter den AEM Multicore entwickelt. Experten von Phoenix Contact rüsteten die Pilotanlage des Elektrolyseurs mit den Kernkomponenten für die Automatisierung und Elektrifizierung aus und unterstützten beim Engineering und der Programmierung.
Reinigung von grünem Wasserstoff
Authors: Höfling Sophia , Breyer Wolfgang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDurch Power‐to‐X‐Anlagen wird grüner Strom speicherbar. Die Energie kann so zu Verbrauchssektoren, die auf klimafreundliche Brenn‐ und Rohstoffe angewiesen sind, weitergeleitet werden. Doch die Reinheitsanforderungen an den Wasserstoff aus PtX‐Anlagen sind hoch. Wasserstoffreinigungsanlagen, die Verunreinigungen aus elektrolytisch erzeugtem Wasserstoff entfernen, stellen eine wichtige Komponente jeder Produktionsanlage für grünen Wasserstoff dar. Reicat bietet Anlagen, die auch bei hohen Durchsatzschwankungen flexibel und zuverlässig arbeiten.
Optimieren mit System
Authors: Höller Stefan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEin systemischer Ansatz bei der Beurteilung zur Energieeinsparung ist die Vorrausetzung, um auch das gesamte Einsparungspotential einer hydraulischen Anlage zu analysieren. Mit numerischen Modellen und Simulationswerkzeugen für den Pumpenbetrieb können unnötige Verluste leichter erkannt und Problemstellen genauer identifiziert werden.
Resentful and religious: How religiosity can mitigate the detrimental effects of workplace embitterment on helping behaviors
Authors: De Clercq Dirk , Azeem Muhammad Umer , Haq Inam Ul 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to establish how employees' experiences of workplace embitterment may direct them away from voluntary efforts to help coworkers, mediated by emotional exhaustion and moderated by religiosity. Three rounds of survey data, collected from employees and their supervisors in various Pakistani organizations, reveal that a sense of being emotionally overburdened by work links rancorous feelings due to negative work events with tarnished helping behavior, mitigated by employees' ability to draw on their religious faith. As an original contribution, this research addresses the effect of an actually felt negative emotion (workplace embitterment), instead of a source of emotional hardship, on employees' propensity to halt extra‐role work efforts; it also describes how the personal resource of religiosity influences this process.
Probabilistic assessment of the safety profile of the Fischer–Tropsch process with a supercritical solvent
Authors: Herrera‐Ovando Saúl , Jiménez‐Gutiérrez Arturo , Kazantzis Nikolaos K. , El‐Halwagi Mahmoud M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInherent safety assessment during the design stage of chemical processes is typically conducted based on average values for design parameters. Under those conditions, the single‐point deterministic process performance assessment may be affected by the phenomenon known as the ‘flaw of averages’ in the presence of irreducible sources of uncertainty (performance evaluated at average conditions does not represent average performance). In this work, an inherent process safety assessment developed under a probabilistic formulation is presented. An evaluation of the proposed approach is performed in the case of a gas‐to‐liquid process system using a supercritical solvent for Fischer–Tropsch reactor systems. The pertinent uncertainty analysis is carried out using Monte Carlo simulation techniques to account for the propagation of uncertainty through the inherent process safety model and the derivation of probability distribution profiles for the associated metrics, thus statistically characterizing ranges of potential performance outcomes. The response variables were the autothermal reactor and the syngas flows. The results show that the input variables associated to the autothermal flow potentially generate the most hazardous conditions for the process. The results also show how the metrics are affected when uncertainty is explicitly taken into account at the design stage of the process, offering a more nuanced assessment and characterization of the inherent process safety profile.