bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary slow flow research: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Tong Jing , Bei Gui-Guang , Zhang Li-Bo , Yang Ben-Qiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundStudies on coronary slow flow are receiving increasing attention, but objective evaluations are still lacking. The purpose of this study was to visualize the current status and research hotspots of coronary slow flow through bibliometric analysis.MethodsAll relevant publications on coronary slow flow from 2003 to 2022 were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database and analyzed by VOSviewer and CiteSpace visualization software. Year of publication, journal, country/region, institution, and first author of each paper, as well as research hotspots were identified.ResultsA total of 913 publications were retrieved. The journal with the most publications was Coronary Artery Disease. The country/region with the most publications was Turkey, followed by China and the United States. The institution with the largest publication volume was Turkey Specialized Higher Education Research Hospital. The author with the largest publication volume was Chun-Yan Ma from China. Keyword analysis indicated that “treatment and prognosis”, “pathogenesis and risk factors” and “diagnosis” were the clustering centers of coronary slow flow, and the research hotspots gradually changed with time, from pathogenesis to treatment and prognosis.ConclusionFuture research will focus on the search for effective and non-invasive detection indicators and treatments of coronary slow flow. Collaboration needs to be enhanced between different institutions or countries/regions, which would improve clinical outcomes for patients with coronary slow flow.
Identification of a novel NPM1 mutation in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Yao Yiyi , Lin Xiangjie , Wang Chen , Gu Ying , Jin Jie , Zhu Yinghui , Wang Huafeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNucleophosmin (NPM1) is a widely expressed nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein with prominent nucleolar localization. It is estimated that 25–35% of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) carryNPM1mutations. The classicNPM1type A mutation occurs in exon 12, which accounts for 75–80% of adult patients withNPM1-mutated AML. It produces an additional leucine and valine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) at the C-terminus, and causes aberrant cytoplasmic dislocation of NPM1 protein. Notably, emerging evidence indicates that besides the classic type A mutation, rare mutants occurring in other exons may also lead to the imbalance of the nucleocytoplasmic shuttle of NPM1. Identification of novel non-type A mutants is crucial for the diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification and disease monitoring of potential target populations. Here we reported a novelNPM1mutation in exon 5 identified from a de novo AML patient. Similar to the classic type A mutation, the exon 5 mutation had the NPM1 mutant bound to exportin-1 and directed the mutant into the cytoplasm by generating an additional NES sequence, resulting in aberrant cytoplasmic dislocation of NPM1 protein, which could be reversed by exportin-1 inhibitor leptomycin B. Our findings strongly support that besides the exon 12 mutation, the exon 5 mutant is anotherNPM1“born to be exported” mutant critical for leukemogenesis. Therefore, similar to the classic type A mutation, the identification of our novelNPM1mutation is beneficial for clinical laboratory diagnosis, genetic risk assessment and MRD monitoring.
Definitions, End Points, and Clinical Trial Designs for Bladder Cancer: Recommendations From the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer and the International Bladder Cancer Group
Authors: Kamat Ashish M. , Apolo Andrea B. , Babjuk Marek , Bivalacqua Trinity J. , Black Peter C. , Buckley Roger , Campbell Matthew T. , Compérat Eva , Efstathiou Jason A. , Grivas Petros , Gupta Shilpa , Kurtz Neil J. , Lamm Donald , Lerner Seth P. , Li Roger , McConkey David J. , Palou Redorta Joan , Powles Thomas , Psutka Sarah P. , Shore Neal , Steinberg Gary D. , Sylvester Richard , Witjes J. Alfred , Galsky Matthew D. 
Published: October 2023

PURPOSE There is a significant unmet need for new and efficacious therapies in urothelial cancer (UC). To provide recommendations on appropriate clinical trial designs across disease settings in UC, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) and the International Bladder Cancer Group (IBCG) convened a multidisciplinary, international consensus panel. METHODS Through open communication and scientific debate in small- and whole-group settings, surveying, and responses to clinical questionnaires, the consensus panel developed recommendations on optimal definitions of the disease state, end points, trial design, evaluations, sample size calculations, and pathology considerations for definitive studies in low- and intermediate-risk nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), high-risk NMIBC, muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings, and metastatic UC. The expert panel also solicited input on the recommendations through presentations and public discussion during an open session at the 2021 Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network (BCAN) Think Tank (held virtually). RESULTS The consensus panel developed a set of stage-specific bladder cancer clinical trial design recommendations, which are summarized in the table that accompanies this text. CONCLUSION These recommendations developed by the SITC-IBCG Bladder Cancer Clinical Trial Design consensus panel will encourage uniformity among studies and facilitate drug development in this disease.
Exosomes: Mediators of cellular communication in potentially malignant oral lesions and head and neck cancers
Authors: Solomon Monica Charlotte , Chandrashekar Chetana , Kulkarni Spoorti , Shetty Nisha , Pandey Aditi 
Published: October 2023

Exosomes are a unique type of extracellular vesicles that contain a plethora of biological cargo such as miRNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids. Exosomes serve as very effective means of intercellular communication. Due the presence of a lipid bilayer membrane, exosomes are resistant to degradation and are highly stable. This makes them easily identifiable in blood and other bodily fluids such as saliva. The exosomes that are secreted from a parent cell directly release their contents into the cytoplasm of a recipient cell and influence their cellular activity and function. Exosomes can also transfer their content between cancer cells and normal cells and regulate the tumor microenvironment. Exosomes play a vital role in tumor growth, tumor invasion and metastasis. Exosomes provide a multitude of molecular and genetic information and have become valuable indicators of disease activity at the cellular level. This review explores the molecular characteristics of exosomes and the role that exosomes play in the tumorigenesis pathway of potentially malignant oral lesions and head and neck cancers The application of exosomes in the treatment of oral cancers is also envisioned. Exosomes are very small and can easily pass through various biological barriers, making them very good delivery vectors for therapeutic drugs as well as to selectively induce DNA’s mRNA and miRNAs into targeted cancer cells.
Novel five-phase model for understanding the nature of misophonia, a conditioned aversive reflex disorder
Authors: Dozier Thomas , Mitchell Nathanael 
Published: October 2023

Background: Misophonia is a recently identified condition in which a person perceives a subtle stimulus (e.g., eating sounds, hair twirling) and has an intense, negative emotional response. Misophonia cannot be classified with established nosological systems. Methods: We present a novel five-phase model of misophonia from a cognitive-behavioral framework. This model identifies a learned reflex of the autonomic nervous system as the primary etiology and maintenance of misophonia. Phase one is anticipatory anxiety and avoidance. Phase two is a conditioned physical reflex (for example, the tensing of calf muscles) that develops through stimulus-response Pavlovian conditioning. Phase three includes intense negative emotional responses and accompanying physiological distress, thoughts, urges, and emotion-driven behavior. Phase four is the individual’s coping responses to emotional distress, and phase five is the environmental response and resulting internal and external consequences of the coping behaviors. Each phase helps explain the maintenance of the response and the individual’s impairment. Results: Anticipatory anxiety and avoidance of phase one contribute to an increased arousal and awareness of triggers, resulting in increased severity of the trigger experience. Both the Pavlovian-conditioned physical reflex of phase two and the emotion-driven behavior caused by the conditioned emotional response of phase three increase with in vivo exposure to triggers. A newly identified feature of phase four is a covert review of the trigger experience. Phase five includes the consequences of those behaviors with internal consequences of beliefs and new emotions (e.g., shame, guilt) based on environmental responses to anger and panic. Conclusions: We assert the Mitchell-Dozier model provides a novel framework to understanding misophonia as a multi-sensory reflex condition. Our model states that misophonia initially develops as a Pavlovian-conditioned physical reflex and subsequent conditioned emotional responses. Treatments that identify patients’ specific conditioned physical reflex of phase two have shown promising early results, further supporting this model
Burning mouth syndrome - causes and modern treatment methods
Authors: Blicharz Monika , Miazga Dominika , Bartosik-Zielińska Diana , Bartosik Magdalena 
Published: October 2023

Introduction and purpose: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a chronic painful disorder characterized by a burning or stinging sensation in the oral mucosa. It is a condition that affects a significant portion of the population, and its definition has recently been clarified. BMS can be divided into primary (idiopathic) or secondary forms, depending on the presence or absence of an identifiable cause.
Brief description of the state of knowledge: Currently, it is estimated that BMS affects 1 in 1000 people, with women over the age of 60 being particularly susceptible. The exact causes of BMS are not well understood, but research suggests they may have a multifactorial nature, involving neuropathic, endocrinological, and psychosocial factors. BMS symptoms include oral burning, taste disturbances, dry mouth, tingling, and numbness of the tongue. Patients often experience burning sensations on the tongue, palate, gums, lower lip, and throat. In addition to physical symptoms, the condition can lead to sleep disturbances, health problems, and psychological disorders. Diagnosing BMS is challenging and time-consuming. A physician must rule out other causes of symptoms, such as oral infections or nutritional deficiencies. A detailed medical history, intraoral examination, and laboratory tests are necessary for diagnosis. Treating BMS requires the collaboration of multiple specialists, including neurologists, dentists, orofacial pain specialists, and psychologists.
Summary: Burning Mouth Syndrome remains poorly understood in terms of its causes and treatment. Patients often experience not only physical discomfort but also psychological issues such as depression and anxiety. Treatment is challenging and often does not provide complete relief. Continued research into this condition is crucial to better understand its nature and find more effective treatment methods.
Keywords: BMS, Burning Mouth Syndrome, stomatodynia
EUROPEAN UNION AT THE DAWN OF TECHNOLOGICAL COLD WAR
Authors: Gajewski Tomasz 
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study was to construct a picture of the EU’s global position in a world defined by the US-Chinese technological Cold War. Morphological analysis has been used to enable a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the technological and social domains. Structured interviews were also used to support the analytical process. The results of the exploration showed a picture of the EU’s multi-level technological weakness compared to competing powers. While the EU is not a weak entity, its future international position will depend on the creation of its own technological capabilities and on cooperation with the United States. Both lines of action are subject to multiple risks. Firstly, some aggressive technological developments (such as the plans to place microchips production in Europe) can generate more problems than diversification. Secondly, the EU must extend its work on high-tech (primarily AI) beyond the logic of market regulation and focus on their geopolitical and military dimension. It must also be ready for possible obstacles in cooperation with the United States. The alternative to this track, as the analysis shows, is the technological, and hence the political and economic peripheral status, where two technological superpowers – the United States and authoritarian China will compete. The most negative result for the EU is the status of “digital colony”. The paper aspires to be a part of the effort to fill the existing void in the scientific output of Polish social sciences, regarding exploration of the geopolitical dimension of technological progress, especially its impact on EU’s position in the new power distribution model, which will be the result of the rivalry between the US and China.
Explorando el discurso de enfermos crónicos sobre la legalización de la muerte médicamente asistida
Authors: Ordóñez Vázquez Norma Alicia 
Published: October 2023

Introducción: Las enfermedades crónicas van en aumento, y conllevan múltiples consecuencias que en un determinado momento, con el paso de los años, puede llegar a un estado terminal de la enfermedad. Es importante conocer la visión de estos enfermos sobre la muerte médicamente asistida.
Objetivo: Conocer y analizar el discurso de enfermos crónicos sobre la muerte digna, la eutanasia y el suicidio médicamente asistido para visibilizar la necesidad de la regulación de la muerte digna.
Método: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa que se inserta dentro del paradigma del construccionismo social. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas utilizando una guía semiestructurada. Se utilizó el análisis del discurso para encontrar convergencias y diferencias en los discursos.
Resultados: Se entrevistaron siete participantes que padecen una enfermedad crónica. Los discursos convergen hacia una muerte digna sin dolor, sufrimiento, tranquila y en casa. Coinciden sus discursos en legalizar la eutanasia y el suicidio médicamente asistido; sin embargo, algunas difieren en cuanto a solicitarlas. Las experiencias previas de muerte de sus seres queridos es un factor que influye para desear una muerte digna.
Discusión y conclusiones: La experiencia de la enfermedad crónica es un factor importante para aceptar en un futuro la muerte médicamente asistida, si ser una carga para otros y evitar el dolor y sufrimiento al final de la vida. La religión influye en las decisiones, pero se puede observar una mayor apertura para aceptar la legalización de la muerte médicamente asistida.
Palabras clave: enfermedad crónica, muerte digna, eutanasia, suicidio médicamente asistido, análisis del discurso.
Mass casualty triage: using virtual reality in hazardous area response teams training
Authors: Thompson Steven 
Published: October 2023

Background: In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has become a pedagogic resource that complements the general training health professionals receive. VR could revolutionise hazardous area response team (HART) mass casualty incident (MCI) triage training. Aims: The study aimed to establish whether VR could improve the overall effectiveness of HART triage training and increase practitioner confidence and preparedness for an MCI. Methods: The author co-developed a VR marauding terrorist attack (MTA) triage scenario at a football stadium. The software was loaded onto Oculus Quest 2 VR headsets. HART paramedic participants completed an online survey before the exercise, which focused on demographics and experience. They were then familiarised with the VR equipment, which incorporated a tutorial on patient interaction. This was followed by a VR MTA exercise with 15 casualties, after which they completed an online survey to gauge their opinions. Results: All 36 HART paramedics recruited agreed VR would improve the effectiveness of HART paramedic training for mass casualty triage. Furthermore, 30 (83%) agreed that VR was more effective than the sand manikins currently used in training. Following the VR scenario, 31 (86%) of participants reported increased confidence in responding to an MCI and carrying out mass casualty triage. Conclusion: VR can improve the effectiveness of the HART triage training and may increase HART paramedic confidence in responding to an MCI and carrying out primary triage. Further studies with larger samples could determine if the results from this study can be generalisable across all frontline paramedic clinicians. Additionally, participant accuracy and time on task data should be evaluated.
Prevalence of malaria and dengue co-infections among febrile patients during dengue transmission season in Kassala, eastern Sudan
Authors: Alsedig Khider , Eldigail Mawahib H. , Elduma Adel Hussein , Elaagip Arwa , Altahir Omnia , Siam Hanaa Adli , Ali Yousif , Abdallah Tajeldin 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundMalaria and dengue are common mosquito-borne diseases around the world that cause high mortality and morbidity. The number of cases of both diseases is currently rising in Sudan and is associated with climate and environmental changes. Limited information is available on malaria and dengue co-infections and the severity of the two diseases among febrile patients in eastern Sudan. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of malaria and dengue co-infections among febrile patients in Kassala, eastern Sudan.Methodology/Principal findingsA cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted among febrile patients from September to December 2019. A total of 395 patients were enrolled after consenting to participate in the study. Demographic and clinical data were collected by structured questionnaires. Blood samples were provided to diagnose malaria infections using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and for serology diagnosis of dengue using enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) IgM. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between demographic information, clinical symptoms and malaria and dengue co-infections.Out of 395 febrile patients examined 158 (40%) were malaria positive and 67 (17%) were dengue positive. The prevalence of malaria and dengue co-infections was 6.6% (26/395). Results of multiple logistic regression indicated that elder patients (41–60 years) had less rate of co-infections (OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.81,p-value = 0.018), while patients of co-infections were eight times more likely to have fatigue, and two times more likely to suffer from joint and muscle pain and this difference was statistically significant with (OR = 8.3, 95% CI: 1.89 to 37.22,p-value = 0.005) and (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.10 to 5.39,p-value = 0.027), respectively.Conclusions/SignificanceThis study confirmed the existence of malaria and dengue co-infections among febrile patients in Kassala, eastern Sudan for the first time. The severity of clinical symptoms of patients with malaria and dengue co-infections was observed, and the co-infections were found prevalent among young people.
The diagnostic tests and functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in young adults: A 4-year hospital-based observational study
Authors: Sakseranee Jakraphat , Sethabouppha Peerapong , Pattarasakulchai Tanapat , Klaewkla Theerawee , Thiankhaw Kitti 
Published: October 2023

Background and objectives
Ischemic strokes in young adults have been a significant concern due to various potential etiologies and had substantial clinical and public health impacts. We aimed to study the diagnostic tests, etiologies, and functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA) in young adult patients.

Methods
The data were retrieved from the Chiang Mai University Hospital Stroke Registry between January 2018 and December 2021. Consecutive AIS or TIA patients were included if they were 18–50 years and had no stroke mimics. Study outcomes were proportions of positive diagnostic tests, and 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS).

Results
Of 244 enrolled patients, 59.0% (n = 144) were male, and 38.1% (n = 93) were aged 18–40, classified as the younger age group. There was a high incidence of diabetes (24.5%) and dyslipidemia (54.3%) among patients aged 41–50, associated with small-vessel occlusion and large-artery atherosclerosis stroke classification in this age group. Patients aged 18–40 years had more other determined etiologies (39.8%), with hypercoagulability (8.2%), arterial dissection (7.8%), and cardiac sources (6.6%) being the first three causes, which were associated with higher anticoagulant treatment. The cerebrovascular study, cardiac evaluation using echocardiography, and antiphospholipid syndrome testing were commonly performed, of which computed tomography angiography provided a high proportion of positive results (80.3%). 76.3% of young adult patients had excellent functional outcomes (mRS 0–1) with a median mRS of 0 (interquartile range 0–1) at 90-day follow-up.

Conclusions
Stroke of other determined etiology remained the common cause of stroke in young adults, and most affected individuals had excellent clinical outcomes. Blood tests for arterial hypercoagulability and noninvasive vascular and cardiac evaluations are encouraged in selected patients to determine the stroke etiology and guide for appropriate preventive strategies.
Analysis of Multi-Threading and Cache Memory Latency Masking on Processor Performance Using Thread Synchronization Technique
Authors: Ehis Akhigbe-mudu Thursday 
Published: October 2023

Multithreading is a process in which a single processor executes multiple threads concurrently. This enables the processor to divide tasks into separate threads and run them simultaneously, thereby increasing the utilization of available system resources and enhancing performance. When multiple threads share an object and one or more of them modify it, unpredictable outcomes may occur. Threads that exhibit poor locality of memory reference, such as database applications, often experience delays while waiting for a response from the memory hierarchy. This observation suggests how to better manage pipeline contention. To assess the impact of memory latency on processor performance, a dual-core MT machine with four thread contexts per core is utilized. These specific benchmarks are chosen to allow the workload to include programs with both favorable and unfavorable cache locality. To eliminate the issue of wasting the wake-up signals, this work proposes an approach that involves storing all the wake-up calls. It asserts the wake-up calls to the consumer and the producer can store the wake-up call in a variable. An assigned value in working system (or kernel) storage that each process can check is a semaphore. Semaphore is a variable that reads, and update operations automatically in bit mode. It cannot be actualized in client mode since a race condition may persistently develop when two or more processors endeavor to induce to the variable at the same time.
This study includes code to measure the time taken to execute both functions and plot the graph. It should be noted that sending multiple requests to a website simultaneously could trigger a flag, ultimately blocking access to the data. This necessitates some computation on the collected statistics. The execution time is reduced to one third when using threads compared to executing the functions sequentially. This exemplifies the power of multithreading.