bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connecting the fields: How ICT improve agricultural productivity in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Eyike Mbongo Louis de Berquin , Djoumessi Yannick Fosso 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study seeks to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the influence of information and communication technology (ICT) on agricultural productivity in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), both through direct and indirect mechanisms. Utilizing data gathered from a sample of 20 sub‐Saharan African nations spanning the period from 1995 to 2014, we employ a rigorous examination through static and dynamic panel models. Our findings robustly indicate a substantial and positive impact stemming from the presence of mobile phones and internet coverage on agricultural productivity in the region. Furthermore, we uncover the indirect effects of ICT, notably through its influence on farmers' education levels and their access to essential agricultural inputs, such as fertilizers. To validate the robustness of our results, we additionally establish a positive and statistically significant association between an ICT adoption index and agricultural productivity in SSA. In light of these findings, we recommend the prioritization of strategies aimed at fortifying the adoption of communication technologies within the agricultural sector. In addition, efforts should be directed toward enhancing farmers' education and improving access to fertilizers, leveraging the potential of ICT tools as key enablers in this process.
Restricted Access to Remembrance: Problematic Usages of Industrial Memories in Belfast's Titanic Quarter
Authors: Davis Christophe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe paper addresses the contemporary usages of collective memory in the Titanic Quarter's project in Belfast, Northern Ireland. In the wake of the Good Friday Agreement, elected officials proposed urban revitalisation policies that aimed to mitigate the effects of deindustrialisation and the ethnonational conflict. On the old shipyard wastelands, public authorities were relying on the redevelopment of the built environment to suggest a shared urbanity but also a shared past, a connection with a common space, mobilising the myths and memories of the Titanic to achieve this. Yet, in a globalised world where memory increasingly surpasses national borders, it bears into question who is the targeted audience of this revitalised urban memory? Through careful observations in the neighbourhood and its flagship museum, the paper aims to criticise the use and manipulation of a conflictual working‐class memory to sidestep Northern Ireland's sectarian divide.
Firearm carrying and adolescent suicide risk outcomes between 2015 and 2021 across nationally representative samples
Authors: Reinbergs Erik J. , Rogers Megan L. , Anderson Jacqueline R. , Pryor Sarah M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionFirearms are the most frequent means of youth suicide for the 14–18‐year‐old age group, and adolescent firearm access confers substantial increases in the risk of suicidal behaviors. There have been significant increases in firearm purchases and firearm violence in the United States since the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis study uses four time points of nationally representative data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) from 2015 to 2021 to examine the differential associations of reporting having carried a firearm and suicide‐related outcomes, after controlling for relevant demographic factors. As a sensitivity analysis, we examined whether a similar risk pattern was seen for the probability of reporting depressed mood.ResultsResults reveal significant increases in suicide‐related outcomes among students who reported carrying a firearm and no significant increases among those who did not. Unlike the suicide‐related outcomes, increases in depressed mood overtime were not limited to students who carried firearms, suggesting that the risk associated with firearms may be specific to suicide‐related outcomes.ConclusionsCarrying a firearm is associated with significant increases in the risk of suicidal ideation and behaviors among youth and this risk has increased between 2015 and 2021. Implications for youth suicide prevention and directions for future research are discussed.
OsbZIP1 regulates phosphorus uptake and nitrogen utilization, contributing to improved yield
Authors: Tanaka Nobuhiro , Yoshida Saki , Islam Md. Saiful , Yamazaki Kiyoshi , Fujiwara Toru , Ohmori Yoshihiro 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARYIncreasing nutrient uptake and use efficiency in plants can contribute to improved crop yields and reduce the demand for fertilizers in crop production. In this study, we characterized a rice mutant, 88n which showed long roots under low nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) conditions. Low expression levels of N transporter genes were observed in 88n root, and total N concentration in 88n shoots were decreased, however, C concentrations and shoot dry weight in 88n were comparable to that in WT. Therefore, 88n showed high nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE). mRNA accumulation of Pi transporter genes was higher in 88n roots, and Pi concentration and uptake activity were higher in 88n than in WT. Therefore, 88n also showed high phosphorus uptake efficiency (PUpE). Molecular genetic analysis revealed that the causal gene of 88n phenotypes was OsbZIP1, a monocot‐specific ortholog of the A. thaliana bZIP transcription factor HY5. Similar to the hy5 mutant, chlorophyll content in roots was decreased and root angle was shallower in 88n than in WT. Finally, we tested the yield of 88n in paddy fields over 3 years because 88n mutant plants showed higher PUpE and NUtE activity and different root architecture at the seedling stage. 88n showed large panicles and increased panicle weight/plant. Taken together, a mutation in OsbZIP1 could contribute to improved crop yields.
The acyl–acyl carrier protein thioesterases GmFATA1 and GmFATA2 are essential for fatty acid accumulation and growth in soybean
Authors: Liao Wenying , Guo Runze , Qian Kun , Shi Wanxuan , Whelan James , Shou Huixia 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARYAcyl‐acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterases (FAT) hydrolyze acyl‐ACP complexes to release FA in plastids, which ultimately affects FA biosynthesis and profiles. Soybean GmFATA1 and GmFATA2 are homoeologous genes encoding oleoyl‐ACP thioesterases whose role in seed oil accumulation and plant growth has not been defined. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing mutation of Gmfata1 or 2 led to reduced leaf FA content and growth defect at the early seedling stage. In contrast, no homozygous double mutants were obtained. Combined this indicates that GmFATA1 and GmFATA2 display overlapping, but not complete functional redundancy. Combined transcriptomic and lipidomic analysis revealed a large number of genes involved in FA synthesis and FA chain elongation are expressed at reduced level in the Gmfata1 mutant, accompanied by a lower triacylglycerol abundance at the early seedling stage. Further analysis showed that the Gmfata1 or 2 mutants had increased composition of the beneficial FA, oleic acid. The growth defect of Gmfata1 could be at least partially attributed to reduced acetyl‐CoA carboxylase activity, reduced abundance of five unsaturated monogalactosyldiacylglycerol lipids, and altered chloroplast morphology. On the other hand, overexpression of GmFATA in soybean led to significant increases in leaf FA content by 5.7%, vegetative growth, and seed yield by 26.9%, and seed FA content by 23.2%. Thus, overexpression of GmFATA is an effective strategy to enhance soybean oil content and yield.
Rescue of secretion of rare‐disease‐associated misfolded mutant glycoproteins in UGGT1 knock‐out mammalian cells
Authors: Tax Gabor , Guay Kevin P. , Pantalone Ludovica , Ceci Martina , Soldà Tatiana , Hitchman Charlie J. , Hill Johan C. , Vasiljević Snežana , Lia Andrea , Modenutti Carlos P. , Straatman Kees R. , Santino Angelo , Molinari Maurizio , Zitzmann Nicole , Hebert Daniel N. , Roversi Pietro , Trerotola Marco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of misfolded glycoproteins is mediated by the ER‐localized eukaryotic glycoprotein secretion checkpoint, UDP‐glucose glycoprotein glucosyl‐transferase (UGGT). The enzyme recognizes a misfolded glycoprotein and flags it for ER retention by re‐glucosylating one of its N‐linked glycans. In the background of a congenital mutation in a secreted glycoprotein gene, UGGT‐mediated ER retention can cause rare disease, even if the mutant glycoprotein retains activity (“responsive mutant”). Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we investigated here the subcellular localization of the human Trop‐2‐Q118E, E227K and L186P mutants, which cause gelatinous drop‐like corneal dystrophy (GDLD). Compared with the wild‐type Trop‐2, which is correctly localized at the plasma membrane, these Trop‐2 mutants are retained in the ER. We studied fluorescent chimeras of the Trop‐2 Q118E, E227K and L186P mutants in mammalian cells harboring CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated inhibition of the UGGT1 and/or UGGT2 genes. The membrane localization of the Trop‐2 Q118E, E227K and L186P mutants was successfully rescued in UGGT1−/−cells. UGGT1 also efficiently reglucosylated Trop‐2‐Q118E‐EYFP in cellula. The study supports the hypothesis that UGGT1 modulation would constitute a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pathological conditions associated to misfolded membrane glycoproteins (whenever the mutation impairs but does not abrogate function), and it encourages the testing of modulators of ER glycoprotein folding quality control as broad‐spectrum rescue‐of‐secretion drugs in rare diseases caused by responsive secreted glycoprotein mutants.
The emerging functions of intraflagellar transport 52 in ciliary transport and ciliopathies
Authors: Udupa Prajna , Ghosh Debasish Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCiliary transport in eukaryotic cells is an intricate and conserved process involving the coordinated assembly and functioning of a multiprotein intraflagellar transport (IFT) complex. Among the various IFT proteins, intraflagellar transport 52 (IFT52) plays a crucial role in ciliary transport and is implicated in various ciliopathies. IFT52 is a core component of the IFT‐B complex that facilitates movement of cargoes along the ciliary axoneme. Stable binding of the IFT‐B1 and IFT‐B2 subcomplexes by IFT52 in the IFT‐B complex regulates recycling of ciliary components and maintenance of ciliary functions such as signal transduction and molecular movement. Mutations in theIFT52gene can disrupt ciliary trafficking, resulting in dysfunctional cilia and affecting cellular processes in ciliopathies. Such ciliopathies caused byIFT52mutations exhibit a wide range of clinical features, including skeletal developmental abnormalities, retinal degeneration, respiratory failure and neurological abnormalities in affected individuals. Therefore, IFT52 serves as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of various ciliopathies, including short‐rib thoracic dysplasia 16 with or without polydactyly. Here, we provide an overview of the IFT52‐mediated molecular mechanisms underlying ciliary transport and describe theIFT52mutations that cause different disorders associated with cilia dysfunction.
The European Union's Global Gateway: An institutional and economic overview
Authors: Tagliapietra Simone 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInfrastructure investments are the material way of turning sustainable development goals into practice. Climate action requires renewable energy plants, power grids and electric‐vehicle charging infrastructure, in the same way that health requires hospitals, education requires schools or connectivity requires ports. In this context, the Global Gateway can help meet the European Union (EU)'s international pledges, such as on climate finance, by supporting partner countries in the implementation of their sustainable development agendas. It can enable EU industry to enter new growing markets, a win for EU industrial policy. On top of this, it can help economic development in the EU's partner countries, providing an invaluable foreign policy dividend for the EU. In geopolitical terms, the Global Gateway can help the EU better position itself in the global infrastructure and connectivity race. Rule‐based cooperation focussed on a clear set of priorities represents an attractive alternative to the Belt and Road Initiative in several partner countries, starting in Africa. By scaling up cooperation on economic and social infrastructure projects, the EU thus has an opportunity to promote its values and vision of sustainability in a way that is tangible and long‐lasting.
On the Σ$\Sigma$‐invariants of Artin groups satisfying the K(π,1)$K(\pi,1)$‐conjecture
Authors: Escartín‐Ferrer Marcos , Martínez‐Perez Conchita 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe consider ‐invariants of Artin groups that satisfy the ‐conjecture. These invariants determine the cohomological finiteness conditions of subgroups that contain the derived subgroup. We extend a known result for even Artin groups of FC‐type, giving a sufficient condition for a character to belong to . We also prove some partial converses. As applications, we prove that the ‐conjecture holds true when there is a prime that divides for any edge with even label , we generalize to Artin groups the homological version of the Bestvina–Brady theorem and we compute the ‐invariants of all irreducible spherical and affine Artin groups and triangle Artin groups, which provide a complete classification of the and properties of their derived subgroup.
Geometry of canonical genus 4 curves
Authors: Rezaee Fatemeh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe apply the machinery of Bridgeland stability conditions on derived categories of coherent sheaves to describe the geometry of classical moduli spaces associated with canonical genus 4 space curves via an effective control over its wall‐crossing. This article provides the first description of a moduli space of Pandharipande–Thomas stable pairs that is used as an intermediate step toward the description of the associated Hilbert scheme, which in turn is the first example where the components of a classical moduli space were completely determined via wall‐crossing. We give a full list of irreducible components of the space of stable pairs, along with a birational description of each component, and a partial list for the Hilbert scheme. There are several long standing open problems regarding classical sheaf theoretic moduli spaces, and the present work will shed light on further studies of such moduli spaces such as Hilbert schemes of curves and moduli of stable pairs that are very hard to tackle without the wall‐crossing techniques.
Training Regimen of an Elite Ultramarathon Runner: A Case Study of What Led Up to the 24-Hour World-Record Run
Authors: Byrne Jonathan , Lynch Sarah , Mokha G. Monique 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Ultramarathon running has gained popularity over several decades. Although there has been considerable research on training for other running events, from the 100-m to the marathon at 26.2 miles (42.2 km), there is little evidence on best practices for ultramarathons, where distances potentially exceed 100 miles (160.9 km). Methods: In this case study, we examine the training regimen of an elite ultramarathon runner who broke 8 world records in 2021 and 2022, including the 24-hour run in which he ran 319.6 km in September 2022. Training data from December 28, 2020, to September 17, 2022, were collected from the Strava application database (recorded on Coros watch) and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Tableau. Results: Our subject completed 5 training blocks, with volume per training block averaging 172.1 to 263 km/wk. Peak running volume per training block occurred on average 3.2 weeks out from races and reached a maximum of 378 km/wk. Recovery was emphasized the week following a race, with less running (19 km/wk) and more cross-training. Interval-type workouts (1- to 10-km repeats) were completed throughout training blocks. The average pace during the 24-hour world-record run was 4 minutes and 30 seconds per kilometer (4:30/km), closely matching the overall average training pace. Conclusions: These findings suggest that training for ultramarathon races should include high-volume running at varied paces and intensity with cross-training to avoid injuries. We hope that this evidence helps athletes understand how to prepare for these ultraendurance events.
Genomic investigation unveils colistin resistance mechanism in carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
clinical isolates
Authors: Vijayakumar Saranya , Swetha Rayapadi G. , Bakthavatchalam Yamuna Devi , Vasudevan Karthick , Abirami Shankar Baby , Kirubananthan Agilandeeswari , Walia Kamini , Ramaiah Sudha , Biswas Indranil , Veeraraghavan Balaji , Anbarasu Anand 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Colistin resistance in
Acinetobacter baumannii
is mediated by multiple mechanisms. Recently, mutations within
pmrABC
two-component system and overexpression of
eptA
gene due to upstream insertion of IS
Aba1
have been shown to play a major role. Thus, the aim of our study is to characterize colistin resistance mechanisms among the clinical isolates of
A. baumannii
in India. A total of 207 clinical isolates of
A. baumannii
collected from 2016 to 2019 were included in this study. Mutations within lipid A biosynthesis and
pmrABC
genes were characterized by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Twenty-eight complete genomes were further characterized by hybrid assembly approach to study insertional inactivation of
lpx
genes and the association of IS
Aba1-eptA
. Several single point mutations (SNPs), like M12I in
pmrA
, A138T and A444V in
pmrB
, and E117K in
lpxD,
were identified. We are the first to report two novel SNPs (T7I and V383I) in the
pmrC
gene. Among the five colistin-resistant
A. baumannii
isolates where complete genome was available, the analysis showed that three of the five isolates had IS
Aba1
insertion upstream of
eptA
. No
mcr
genes were identified among the isolates. We mapped the SNPs on the respective protein structures to understand the effect on the protein activity. We found that majority of the SNPs had little effect on the putative protein function; however, some SNPs might destabilize the local structure. Our study highlights the diversity of colistin resistance mechanisms occurring in
A. baumannii,
and IS
Aba1
-driven
eptA
overexpression is responsible for colistin resistance among the Indian isolates.

IMPORTANCE

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a Gram-negative, emerging and opportunistic bacterial pathogen that is often associated with a wide range of nosocomial infections. The treatment of these infections is hindered by increase in the occurrence of
A. baumannii
strains that are resistant to most of the existing antibiotics. The current drug of choice to treat the infection caused by
A. baumannii
is colistin, but unfortunately, the bacteria started to show resistance to the last-resort antibiotic. The loss of lipopolysaccharides and mutations in lipid A biosynthesis genes are the main reasons for the colistin resistance. The present study characterized 207
A. baumannii
clinical isolates and constructed complete genomes of 28 isolates to recognize the mechanisms of colistin resistance. We showed the mutations in the colistin-resistant variants within genes essential for lipid A biosynthesis and that cause these isolates to lose the ability to produce lipopolysaccharides.
Postfire stream responses to spatial fire patterns in riparian and upland zones
Authors: McMahon Conor , Cooper Scott D. , Wiseman Sheila W. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Wildfire frequency and intensity are increasing in many parts of the world, often with substantial repercussions for stream ecosystems. The severity, scale, and patterns of wildfire burning can differ between riparian and upland zones due to differences in environmental conditions and vegetation. However, little research has focused on differences in burn patterns in riparian versus upland zones and their implications for stream characteristics. We studied fire patterns and postfire vegetation trajectories in riparian versus upland areas across 26 stream sites in coastal southern California over 12 years, as well as the relationships of burn patterns to stream variables after fire. Upland environments burned more severely and more extensively than did riparian woodlands, and this difference was magnified for perennially flowing streams, along which riparian woodlands burned less severely than those along intermittent streams. Burned vegetation returned to prefire canopy cover and greenness in both riparian and upland areas in about 8 years with regrowth delayed by a prolonged drought. Additionally, we observed differences in spatial burn patterns and vegetation regrowth in upland versus riparian zones, with greater local patchiness in upland settings, likely due to differences between upland and riparian areas in the spatial patterns of hydrologic, topographic, and vegetative drivers of fire and vegetation reestablishment. We then assessed relationships between spatial fire patterns and geomorphological, physical, hydrochemical, and biological conditions at creek sites. We observed relationships that were generally attributable to either the local destruction of riparian woodland along the streams or to changes in the basin-scale movement of water, nutrients, and sediment following fire and postfire floods. Basin-scale burn patterns were associated with increases in sediment deposition, reduction in pool and riffle habitat extents, and changes in particulate organic matter during the first and second years after fires; impacts subsided about a year after the first substantial postfire flows. In contrast, loss of riparian canopy cover was associated with increases in light level, temperature, algal cover and biomass, density of algivorous invertebrates and amphibians, and water conductivity, as well as decreases in particulate organic matter and invertebrate shredders. In contrast to impacts from basin-scale burn patterns, impacts from the local loss of riparian canopy cover persisted for longer periods of time, paralleling riparian woodland reestablishment and growth.
Arc-arc amalgamation during accretionary orogenesis: Insights from mid-Paleozoic tectono-magmatic records in eastern Junggar, NW China
Authors: Li Di , Han Yigui , He Dengfa , Hou Shuoqin , Zhen Yu , Yang Hao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Arc-arc amalgamation occurs during the evolution of composite orogens at convergent plate margins and plays a critical role in controlling accretionary patterns and processes. The eastern Junggar terrane in the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt underwent a long-lived subduction-accretion process in the Paleozoic, but whether and how the Yemaquan and Dananhu-Harlik arcs were amalgamated remain debatable. A systematic U-Pb–Hf-O isotopic study was conducted on zircons from Silurian granitic rocks in the Yemaquan arc. The U-Pb dating results suggest that these rocks were emplaced at 433–422 Ma and inherited abundant 536–435 Ma zircons representing a predominant magmatic episode in the Yemaquan arc. Their positive εHf(t) values and young Hf model ages indicate that the Yemaquan arc is dominated by juvenile basement with significant crustal growth during the Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic. The variations in zircon Eu/Eu*, εHf(t), and δ18O values reveal that the Yemaquan arc experienced remarkable crustal thickening and remobilization at ca. 450 Ma, similar to the northern Dananhu-Harlik arc, and this was followed by extension that initiated at ca. 420 Ma. These features support the amalgamation of these two arcs occurring ca. 450–420 Ma. Integrated with regional data, we correlated this amalgamation event in the eastern Junggar terrane with the orogenic event in the Chinese Altai terrane, and we propose a middle Paleozoic tectonic evolution model in the eastern Junggar–Altai area from arc assembly to dispersal in association with a transition in accretionary mode. This scenario probably took place as a response to plate reorganization during the breakup of the northern margin of Gondwana.