bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural assignment of isomeric 2‐aminopyridine‐derivatized oligosaccharides using negative‐ion MSn spectral matching
Authors: Takegawa Yasuhiro , Deguchi Kisaburo , Ito Shinya , Yoshioka Shinji , Nakagawa Hiroaki , Nishimura Shin‐Ichiro 
Published: March 2005

AbstractTo investigate the possibility of structural assignment based on negative‐ion MS2 spectral matching, three isomeric pairs of 2‐aminopyridine (PA)‐derivatized non‐fucosylated, fucosylated, and sialylated oligosaccharides (complex type N‐glycans) were analyzed using high‐performance liquid chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC/ITMS) with a sonic‐spray ionization (SSI) source. In the SSI negative‐ion mode the deprotonated molecule [M–2H]2− becomes prominent. Negative‐ion MS2 spectra derived from such ions contain many fragment types (B and Y, C and Z, A, and D) and therefore are more informative than the positive‐ion MS2 spectra derived from [M+H+Na]2+ ions, which usually consist mainly of B and Y fragment ions. In particular the internal ions (D‐ and E‐type ions) provided useful information about the α1‐6 branching patterns and the bisecting GlcNAc residue. Spectral matching based on the correlation coefficients between negative‐ion MS2 spectra was performed in a manner similar to the positive‐ion MS2 spectral matching previously reported. It was demonstrated that negative‐ion MS2 spectral matching is as useful and applicable to the structural assignment of relatively large non‐fucosylated, fucosylated, and sialylated PA‐oligosaccharide isomers as its positive‐ion counterpart. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry determination of amphetamine‐related drugs and ephedrines in plasma, urine and hair samples after derivatization with 2,2,2‐trichloroethyl chloroformate
Authors: Frison Giampietro , Tedeschi Luciano , Favretto Donata , Reheman Aikebaier , Ferrara Santo Davide 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA new analytical approach, based on derivatization with 2,2,2‐trichloroethyl chloroformate and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), was investigated for qualitative and quantitative analyses of a large range of amphetamine‐related drugs and ephedrines in plasma, urine and hair samples. Sample preparation involved alkaline extraction of analytes from biological samples using Extrelut columns, after addition of the internal standard 3,4‐methylenedioxypropylamphetamine (MDPA), and subsequent derivatization to produce 2,2,2‐trichloroethylcarbamates. GC/MS analyses, in splitless mode using a slightly polar 30‐m capillary column, were performed with quadrupole or ion trap instruments. MS acquisition modes were electron ionization (EI) in full‐scan or selected ion monitoring (SIM) modes (quadrupole), and full‐scan MS or MS/MS modes with chemical ionization (CI) conditions (ion trap). EI spectra of 2,2,2‐trichloroethylcarbamates showed variably abundant molecular ions as well as abundant diagnostic fragment ions, both characterized by ion clusters reflecting the isotope distribution of three chlorine atoms in the derivatized molecules. CI spectra showed abundant protonated molecules. Quantitative studies using EI SIM conditions gave recoveries in the range 74–89%, linear response over ranges of 10–2000 ng/mL (plasma and urine) and 0.20–20 ng/mg (hair), with corresponding limits of detection in the ranges 2–5 ng/mL and 0.1–0.2 ng/mg. Potential applications (following full method validation) include clinical and forensic toxicology, as well as doping control. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cores in random hypergraphs and Boolean formulas
Authors: Molloy Michael 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe describe a technique for determining the thresholds for the appearance of cores in random structures. We use it to determine (i) the threshold for the appearance of ak‐core in a randomr‐uniform hypergraph for allr, k≥ 2,r+k> 4, and (ii) the threshold for the pure literal rule to find a satisfying assignment for a random instance ofr‐SAT,r≥ 3. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2005
Preparation and Characterization of Aligned Carbon Nanotube–Ruthenium Oxide Nanocomposites for Supercapacitors
Authors: Ye Jian‐Shan , Cui Hui Fang , Liu Xiao , Lim Tit Meng , Zhang Wei‐De , Sheu Fwu‐Shan 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA novel type of ruthenium oxide (RuO2)‐modified multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) nanocomposite electrode (RuO2/MWNT) for supercapacitors has been prepared. The nanocomposites were formed by depositing Ru by magnetic‐sputtering in an Ar/O2 atmosphere onto MWNTs, which were synthesized on Ta plates by chemical vapor deposition. Cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance measurements were applied to investigate the performance of the RuO2/MWNT nanocomposite electrodes. The capacitance of the MWNT electrodes in 1.0 M H2SO4 is significantly increased from 0.35 to 16.94  mF cm−2 by modification with RuO2. The RuO2 film on the surface of the nanotubes is composed of small crystal grains with tilted bundle‐like microstructures, as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate a promising route to prepare RuO2/MWNT‐based double‐layer supercapacitors.
Fetal congenital cardiac diverticulum with pericardial effusion: two cases with different presentations in the first trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Prefumo F. , Bhide A. , Thilaganathan B. , Carvalho J. S. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractTwo cases of fetal congenital cardiac diverticula diagnosed at 14 and 12 weeks of gestation are reported. Both presented with a large pericardial effusion. One fetus presented with increased NT which evolved into fetal hydrops. Pericardiocentesis at 16 weeks led to progressive resolution of hydrops. The other showed no hemodynamic compromise, normal nuchal translucency (NT) and spontaneous regression of the effusion. Both children were well at 22 and 17 months of age at the time of writing. Copyright © 2005 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cardiac diverticulum with pericardial effusion: report of two new cases treated by in‐utero pericardiocentesis and a review of the literature
Authors: McAuliffe F. M. , Hornberger L. K. , Johnson J. , Chitayat D. , Ryan G. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractCongenital cardiac diverticula are rare abnormalities that may occur as isolated malformations. They are often associated with pericardial effusions, which may cause both pulmonary hypoplasia and progressive fetal hydrops. Few cases are reported in fetal life. Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, has previously reported two cases of cardiac diverticula complicated with pericardial effusion successfully treated in utero with aspiration of the pericardial fluid. Here a further two cases of isolated apical right ventricular diverticula with large pericardial effusion, one diagnosed at 16 weeks and another at 13 weeks' gestation are described. In‐utero drainage of pericardial effusion was performed once in each case at 16 and 14 weeks' gestation, respectively, with good neonatal outcome. Both had normal karyotype and there was no evidence of maternal or fetal infection. The pericardial effusion did not recur in either case. Given the otherwise favorable prognosis for this lesion, and the excellent response in these cases, prenatal pericardiocentesis should be considered in similar cases. Copyright © 2005 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cat‐scratch disease: Otolaryngologic manifestations and management
Authors: Ridder Gerd Jürgen , Boedeker Carsten Christof , Technau‐Ihling Katja , Sander Anna 
Published: March 2005

OBJECTIVEThe bacteria Bartonella henselae has been known as the principal causative agent of cat‐scratch disease (CSD) since 1992. It is an important cause of infectious lymphadenopathies in the head and neck. Nevertheless, CSD often remains unrecognized in cases of cervicofacial lymph node enlargement.STUDY DESIGNBetween January 1997 and May 2003, we conducted a prospective clinical study including 721 patients with primarily unclear masses in the head and neck.RESULTSCSD was diagnosed by serology and molecular investigations in 99 patients (13.7%; median age 33 years). Cervicofacial lymphadenopathy was the most common manifestation. Atypical manifestation of CSD including Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome, swelling of the parotid gland and erythema nodosum were diagnosed in 8.1%, 8.1%, and 2.0% of cases, respectively.CONCLUSIONSOur results demonstrate that CSD is a major cause of enlarged cervicofacial lymph nodes and should therefore be included in the differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathy in the head and neck region.
Long‐term results of cochlear implantation in children
Authors: Haensel JAN , Engelke Jan‐Christian , Ottenjann Wiebke , Westhofen Martin 
Published: March 2005

OBJECTIVESSince the first implantation of a multichannel cochlear implant over 15 years ago there have been improvements in implant devices, surgical techniques, speech coding strategies and rehabilitation matters. There also have been concerns, whether the first implanted systems are stable and the benefit for the patients is constant over a long time. This study analyzes long‐term results of prelingually deaf children who were implanted at Aachen University Hospital.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGWe examined 16 prelingually deaf children, who underwent cochlear implantation at our department between 1990 and 1993 over a time period of 10 to 13 years. The indication, perioperative complications, technical parameters, speech test results as well as the psychosocial development of the children were analyzed. A questionnaire containing questions about the daily use, expectations and the personal evaluation of the procedure was sent to all patients.RESULTSThe mean age of all patients was 9 years at time of implantation. In two cases we saw postoperative complications which needed an intervention. The speech test results remained stable after reaching a plateau after 5 years. Eighty‐eight percent of all patients would undergo the procedure again and 94% would recommend cochlear implantation to others.CONCLUSIONCochlear implantation in cases of prelingual deafness is feasible without severe complications and leads to an increasing quality of life demonstrated by long‐term observation.
Paragangliomas in patients with mutations of the SDHD gene
Authors: Boedeker Carsten Christof , Neumann Hartmut P. H. , Ridder Gerd Jürgen , Maier Wolfgang , Schipper Jörg 
Published: March 2005

OBJECTIVEParagangliomas represent neoplasms of neural crest origin that arise from paraganglia. Mutations in the gene encoding succinate dehydrogenase subunit D (SDHD) are responsible for a percentage of hereditary paragangliomas. We previously described a group of 271 pheochromocytoma patients, 11 of whom had mutations of the SDHD gene. The objective of this study was to find out whether those 11 patients had additional paragangliomas.STUDY DESIGNTen patients participated in our clinical screening program that included MRI of the skull base and neck, thorax, and abdomen, as well as an 18Fluoro‐DOPA positron emission tomography (DOPA‐PET).RESULTSFive patients presented with head and neck paragangliomas, 1 patient with a thoracic paraganglioma, and 2 patients with intraabdominal paragangliomas.CONCLUSIONSThe screening for paragangliomas in patients with mutations of the SDHD gene offers the chance to diagnose those tumors in an early stage.SIGNIFICANCEBecause morbidity after surgical resection increases with tumor size, early surgery will minimize the potential risks.
Elective neck dissection versus observation in primary parotid carcinoma
Authors: Zbären P. , Schüpbach J. , Nuyens M. , Stauffer E. 
Published: March 2005

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of elective neck dissection in the clinically negative neck of patients with primary carcinoma of the parotid gland.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGA retrospective analysis was undertaken at a university Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery on 83 previously untreated patients with primary carcinoma of the parotid gland and a clinically negative neck. The reliability of fine needle aspiration cytology, frozen section, and the clinico‐pathologic findings of patients with occult neck metastases were analyzed. The regional recurrence rate and the outcome were compared among 2 groups; one with elective neck dissection (N = 41) and one without elective neck dissection (N = 42).RESULTSThe diagnosis of malignancy was known preoperatively in 59 (71%) cases, the exact histologic tumor type in 36 (43%) and the grade in 37 (44%) of 83 cases. Occult metastases were detected in 8 (20%) of 41 cNO patients, in 5 cases associated with a high‐grade and in 3 cases with a low‐grade carcinoma. Recurrence of disease developed in 5 (12%) patients in the elective neck dissection group and in 11 (26%) patients in the observation group. All of the 7 neck recurrences occurred in the observation group. The 5‐year actuarial and disease‐free survival rate was 80% and 86% for patients with elective neck dissection and 83% and 69% for patients without neck dissection.CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCEA routine elective neck dissection is suggested in all patients with primary carcinoma of the parotid gland. The efficacy of elective neck dissection, nevertheless, has never been evaluated prospectively.
Idiopathic submandibular sialoceles in the neck
Authors: Ang Annette H. C. , Goh Yau‐Hong 
Published: March 2005

A submandibular sialocele is a subcutaneous cavity containing saliva. The clinical and radiologic features of 3 patients with an idiopathic submandibular sialocele are presented. All 3 patients were males in their twenties. Submandibular sialocele presents as a soft cystic and compressible neck mass, with no history of previous trauma or diseases of the salivary gland. Computed tomography (CT) of the neck revealed a homogenous lesion with enhancing rim. The lesion appeared to be insinuating into the surrounding tissue. Excision of the sialocele, leaving the submandibular gland intact, was performed for the first patient. Recurrence of a neck mass occurred after 4 months. Complete excision of the sialocele with associated submandibular gland was subsequently performed. There was no recurrence after a follow‐up period of 3 years. Excision of gland and sialocele was performed for the other 2 patients. There was no recurrence after a follow‐up of 2 years and 10 months, respectively.
The influence of tracheotomy tubes on the swallowing frequency in neurogenic dysphagia
Authors: Seidl Rainer O. , Nusser‐Müller‐Busch Ricki , Ernst Arne 
Published: March 2005

OBJECTIVESTo compare the swallowing frequency in patients with neurogenic dysphagia with or without tracheotomy tubes (TT) to assess the underlying mechanisms of dysphagia to improve rehabilitation strategies.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGProspective study, 10 patients (64 ± 7 years) with neurogenic dysphagia. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) less than 8 points, tracheotomy due to the dysphagia 2 weeks before the examination. The swallowing frequency (1 or less over 5 min) was assessed over 5 consecutive days with or without TT.RESULTSThe swallowing frequency increased after removal of the TT. These findings did not influence the GCS or the Coma Remission Scale. Over a 5‐day period, the frequency of swallowing was increased.CONCLUSIONTTs decisively influence the swallowing behavior of vegetative patients. This phenomenon could be based on an improved sensitivity under re‐established physiological expiration. We strongly favor removing the TT or deflating the cuff of the TT under therapeutic conditions in a rehabilitation therapy setting.
Overexpression of MMP‐2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A potential indicator for poor prognosis
Authors: Liu Wei‐Wei , Zeng Zong‐Yuan , Wu Qiu‐Liang , Hou Jing‐Hui , Chen Yi‐Yong 
Published: March 2005

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of gelatinases (MMP‐2 and MMP‐9) in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGIn a retrospective study of 72 consecutive patients with LSCC hospitalized in a single cancer center, immunohisto‐chemistry was used to examine the expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in surgical samples. The results were compared to clinicopathological features and prognosis.RESULTSThe positive expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in patients with LSCC was 50% (36/72) and 73.6% (53/72), respectively. According to the expression scale, there were 36 patients of ‐, 26 patients of +, 7 patients of + +, and 3 patients of + + + expression of MMP‐2; 19 patients of ‐, 26 patients of +,16 patients of ++, and 11 patients of + + + expression of MMP‐9. There was no significant relationship found between the expression of MMP‐2 or MMP‐9 and clinicopathological features of LSCC, such as histological grade, primary site, T stage, N stage, and clinical stage. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) rate calculated by Kaplan‐Meier method in patients with negative and positive expression of MMP‐9 and MMP‐2 was 73.68%, 50.94%, 73.68%, and 49.06% in MMP‐9 and 72.22%, 41.67%, 72.22%, and 38.89% in MMP‐2, respectively. Significant 5‐year survival difference was found between patients with negative and positive expression of MMP‐2 (log rank = 6.74, P = 0.0094). There was significant lower survival rate in patients with higher positive expression of MMP‐2 (log rank = 11.77, P = 0.0028). In glottic laryngeal cancer, positive expression of MMP‐2 could predict poor survival and was more likely to present primary recurrence.CONCLUSIONThe expression of MMP‐2 could be used as a potential predictor for poor prognosis in patients with LSCC.
Can mobile phone emissions affect auditory functions of cochlea or brain stem?
Authors: Sievert UWE , Eggert Siegfried , Pau Hans Wilhelm 
Published: March 2005

PROBLEMS ADDRESSEDDespite their abundant spread, mobile phones are suspected by a major share of the population to cause adverse effects on health and welfare. The ear as the sense organ next to the individual device has rarely been Investigated for short‐term effects in this regard. In a previous article, we could not prove any impact on the vestibular part of the inner ear. Our present examinations are concerned with the question whether mobile phone emissions could affect cochlear or auditory brain stem functions.METHODS AND MEASURESIn 12 healthy test persons with normal hearing, auditory brain stem reflexes recordings were performed before, during, and after exposure to electromagnetic emissions by standardized mobile phone devices. Two modes of electromagnetic emissions fields were administered: pulsed and continuous. For acoustic stimulation simultaneous to field exposure, special “plug‐in” earphones had to be used.RESULTSNo impact on auditory brain stem reflexes recordings in terms of absolute and interpeak latencies could be found.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCETogether with the results of a previous article concerned with the vestibular part of the inner ear, we can state that there are no adverse effects of mobile phone emissions on the ear function, at least on a short‐term range. Of course, any long‐term effects cannot be excluded by our study.
Routine histopathology in uncomplicated sinus surgery: Is it necessary?
Authors: Romashko Alexander A. , Stankiewicz James A. 
Published: March 2005

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the incidence of occult pathology in routine, uncomplicated endoscopic sinus surgery, and to suggest guidelines for when to send specimens for histopathologic exam.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGRetrospective analysis of case records of 790 patients who underwent 868 endoscopic sinus surgeries at a tertiary care center from 1986 to 2003. Indications were chronic sinusitis, recurrent acute sinusitis, nasal polyposis, or combinations of these diagnoses. All cases were considered routine and did not involve preoperative suspicion of neoplasm or other complicating factors. Charts were reviewed for surgical indication, patient age, laterality of disease, history of prior sinus surgery, intraoperative suspicion of tumor, and final histopathology.RESULTSIn 868 cases of endoscopic sinus surgery, occult neoplasm was diagnosed in 2 patients (0.23%). In one patient, the initial surgery cured the lesion. Final histopathology of the remaining 866 (99.8%) specimens was consistent with inflammation and/or nasal polyposis. In 121 cases of unilateral sinusitis, none was positive for neoplasm. In 277 cases involving bilateral nasal polyposis and 13 involving unilateral polyposis, no neoplasms were found. Intraoperative suspicion of neoplasm occurred in 12 cases, with all specimens read as consistent with sinusitis and/or polyposis.CONCLUSIONSHistopathologic review of every specimen obtained in routine sinus surgery for sinusitis and/or nasal polyposis is not indicated. Submission of specimen is indicated in routine cases when: 1) there is intraoperative suspicion of tumor, 2) unilateral nasal polyposis is present, 3) unilateral sinus opacification is present, and 4) additional diagnostic information is needed (eg, presence of eosinophils, fungal forms, etc.).SIGNIFICANCEEstablishes a safe and reasonable standard of care, with potential cost savings and medico‐legal ramifications.
Molecular Basis for the RIN4 Negative Regulation of RPS2 Disease Resistance
Authors: Day Brad , Dahlbeck Douglas , Huang Jeffrey , Chisholm Stephen T. , Li Donghui , Staskawicz Brian J. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that RPS2, a plasma membrane–localized nucleotide binding site/leucine-rich repeat protein from Arabidopsis thaliana, associates with RPM1 Interacting Protein 4 (RIN4) and that this association functions to modulate the RPS2-mediated defense pathway in response to the bacterial effector protein AvrRpt2. In addition to negatively regulating RPS2 activity, RIN4 is also a target of AvrRpt2, a Cys protease and cognate bacterial effector protein of RPS2. Nicotiana benthamiana has been employed as a heterologous expression system to characterize the RPS2–RIN4 association, defining the domains in RIN4 required for the negative regulation of RPS2 activity. Upon inoculation of N. benthamiana leaves with Agrobacterium tumefaciens expressing RPS2, a rapid hypersensitive response (HR) is detected with 22 h of infiltration. The HR can be blocked by infiltrating the leaf with A. tumefaciens expressing RPS2 in the presence of RIN4, recapitulating the ability of RIN4 to interfere with RPS2-mediated resistance in Arabidopsis. Moreover, in the presence of RIN4, the RPS2-mediated HR can be restored by the delivery of AvrRpt2 via A. tumefaciens. This assay has been developed as a phenotypic marker for (1) the HR-inducing phenotype associated with RPS2, (2) negative regulation of RPS2 by RIN4, and (3) the AvrRpt2-mediated disappearance of RIN4. Here, we present a series of deletion and site-directed mutation analyses to identify amino acids in RIN4 required for the RPS2–RIN4 association and to distinguish these from residues in RIN4 that serve as a target sequence for AvrRpt2. In addition to characterizing the RPS2–RIN4 association in N. benthamiana, we have moved forward to show that the biological relevance of these amino acid changes is applicable in Arabidopsis as well. To this end, we have identified specific amino acids within the C-terminal half of RIN4 that are required for RPS2 regulation and association.