bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term prognosis for Guillain‐Barré syndrome: Evaluation of prognostic factors and clinical experience of automated double filtration plasmapheresis
Authors: Cheng Ben‐Chung , Chang Wen‐Neng , Chen Jin‐Bor , Chee Esther Chung‐Yin , Huang Chi‐Ren , Lu Cheng‐Hsien , Chang Chin‐Jung , Hung Pi‐Lien , Chuang Yao‐Cheng , Lee Chien‐Te , Lee Ping‐Yu , Wang Kuo‐Wei , Chang Hsueh‐Wen 
Published: December 2003

AbstractSixty patients with Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS), aged 16–83 years, have been identified over a period of 7 years. Of 60 patients, 30 received the double filtration plasmapheresis (DFP), 4 received intravenous immunoglobulin, and the other 26 received supportive care only. Therapeutic outcomes at 1 year were determined using a modified Barthel index. At a follow‐up of 1 year or longer, 31 patients (52%) had recovered, 24 (40%) had residua, and 5 (8%) had died. According to the statistical analysis, disability at the nadir and electrophysiological signs significantly influenced the long‐term outcomes. Complications associated with DFP procedures included physiologic change, technique‐related complications, and vascular access‐related complications. None of our patients had fatal complications related to DFP treatment. Contrary to the established belief that the disease has a favorable outcome, several hospital‐treated patients may still die or present residua even several months after the onset of symptoms. Because disability at the nadir influences the outcomes, early diagnosis and choice of appropriate treatment, which might include DFP, to prevent further neurological deficits, are essential to maximize the potential for survival. J. Clin. Apheresis 18:175–180, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efficacy and safety of DALI LDL‐apheresis at high blood flow rates: A prospective multicenter study
Authors: Wendler T. , Schilling R. , Lennertz A. , Sodemann K. , Kleophas W. , Meßner H. , Riechers G. , Wagner J. , Keller C. , Bosch T. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractDirect adsorption of lipids (DALI) is the first LDL‐apheresis method compatible with whole blood. Usually, the blood flow rate is adjusted at 60–80 ml/min, which results in session times of about 2 hr. The present study was performed to test the safety and efficacy of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] removal by DALI at high blood flow rates in order to reduce treatment time. Thirteen chronic DALI patients in seven centers suffering from hypercholesterolemia (LDL‐C 162 ± 42 mg/dl at baseline) and coronary artery disease were treated on a weekly or biweekly basis by DALI apheresis. The blood flow rate QB was held constant for at least two sessions, respectively, and was increased from 60 to 80, 120, 160, 200, and 240 ml/min. All patients had pre‐existing av‐fistulas. The anticoagulation was performed by a heparin bolus plus ACD‐A at a ratio of citrate: blood ranging from 1:20 to 1:90. Clinically, the sessions were well tolerated and only 26/201 sessions (12%) of the treatments were fraught with minor adverse events. Acute LDL‐C reductions (derived from LDL‐C levels determined by lipoprotein electrophoresis) averaged 72/66/60/53/50/48% for QB = 60/80/120/160/200/240 ml/min. Lp(a) reductions were 68/67/62/60/58/56%, whereas HDL‐C losses were ≤10%. Routine blood chemistries and blood cell counts remained in the normal range. Treatment times averaged 142/83/45 min at Qb = 60/120/240 ml/min. On average, DALI LDL‐apheresis could be performed safely and effectively at high blood flow rates up to at least 120 ml/min in patients with good blood access, which significantly reduced treatment time from 142 to 83 min (−42%). J. Clin. Apheresis 18:157–166, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heat insoluble cryoglobulin associated with gangrene in multiple myeloma
Authors: Modarressi Amir , Kuriyan Mercy , Harvey Gail , Strair Roger 
Published: December 2003

AbstractCryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that have tendency to precipitate in temperatures below 37°C and dissolve with rewarming. Monoclonal cryoglobulins are usually associated with a distinct hematological disorder and often are asymptomatic. Heat insoluble cryoglobulin has been described with Sjogren's syndrome and glomerulonephritis but, not with multiple myeloma. Severe sensitivity to cold occurs with high thermal insolubility of the cryoprotein, with dramatic symptoms when exposed to minimal lowering of the temperature.We report a case of a 49 year old man with multiple myeloma and an unusual type I cryoglobulin that caused occlusive gangrene. The cryoglobulin appeared as a milky white precipitate that was resistant to re‐suspension and did not dissolve at 37°C. Immunoelectrophoresis of the cryoglobulin, which dissolved at 56°C, showed it to be composed of a monoclonal IgG kappa protein (3.5 g/dl). Unlike most high thermal insoluble cryoglobulin, cold associated symptoms were not seen. In addition to steroids, plasmapheresis was initiated thrice a week with albumin fluid replacement.Plasmapheresis caused a marked decline in cryocrit levels from 21% to less than 0.5% in 9 days after 4 procedures with resolution of the gangrene of the feet and after 6 treatments, vasculitic symptoms improved dramatically. The cryoglobulin test was negative 2 weeks after initiation of treatment. The patient was treated for the myeloma and there was no recurrence of occlusive symptoms.Proper laboratory procedure and careful examination and handling of cryoglobulinemic samples facilitate detection of unusual cryoglobulins. This is a unique report of multiple myeloma with gangrene of lower extremities that has a heat insoluble cryoglobulin. J Clin Apheresis 18:190–193, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Harvesting peripheral blood stem cells from healthy donors on 4th day of cytokine mobilization
Authors: Sohn Sang Kyun , Kim Jong Gwang , Sung Woo Jin , Kim Dong Hwan , Suh Jang Soo , Lee Kun Soo , Lee Kyu Bo 
Published: December 2003

AbstractA pilot study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of harvesting peripheral blood stem cells from normal healthy donors on day 4 after mobilization with G‐CSF at 10 μg/kg for 4 days or a sequential combination of GM‐CSF at 10 μg/kg for 2 days and G‐CSF at 10 μg/kg for 2 more days. Harvesting over the target dose (>4 × 106 kg) of CD34+ cells based on the lst leukapheresis performed on day 4 was possible from 7 (53.8%) out of 13 donors. The 7 matched recipients all exhibited early engraftment, except for one who experienced transplant‐related mortality, and no differences were observed with the recipients transplanted with stem cells harvested after a 5–6‐day growth‐factor (GF) treatment. Accordingly, harvesting from normal healthy donors on day 4 after mobilization treatment with a GF was found to be feasible for allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and more economical in terms of the cost of the GF and the donor's commitment. J. Clin. Apheresis 18:186–189, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theoretical study on the rate constants for the C2H5 + HBr → C2H6 + Br reaction
Authors: Sheng Li , Li Ze‐Sheng , Liu Jing‐Yao , Xiao Jing‐Fa , Sun Chia‐Chung 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe reaction C2H5 + HBr → C2H6 + Br has been theoretically studied over the temperature range from 200 to 1400 K. The electronic structure information is calculated at the BHLYP/6‐311+G(d,p) and QCISD/6‐31+G(d) levels. With the aid of intrinsic reaction coordinate theory, the minimum energy paths (MEPs) are obtained at the both levels, and the energies along the MEP are further refined by performing the single‐point calculations at the PMP4(SDTQ)/6‐311+G(3df,2p)//BHLYP and QCISD(T)/6‐311++G(2df,2pd)//QCISD levels. The calculated ICVT/SCT rate constants are in good agreement with available experimental values, and the calculate results further indicate that the C2H5 + HBr reaction has negative temperature dependence at T < 850 K, but clearly shows positive temperature dependence at T > 850 K. The current work predicts that the kinetic isotope effect for the title reaction is inverse in the temperature range from 200 to 482 K, i.e., kHBr/kDBr < 1. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 423–428, 2004
Theoretical model of internal rotation in monosubstituted derivatives of furfural
Authors: Crespo‐Otero Rachel , Montero Luis A. , Rosquete Giselle , Padrón‐García J. Alexander , González‐Jonte Raúl H. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe present work explores the effect of substitution in all free positions of furfural on conformational preferences of formyl group by using ab‐initio calculations at the MP2/6‐31G(p,d) level of theory. Theoretical modeling was made in vacuo. The selected substituents were CH3, NH2, NO2 and F groups in 3, 4, 5 and ipso carbonyl positions. Geometries of all derivatives were analyzed and it is ascertained that substitution has not important consequences on furan ring geometry. Differences of energy between OO‐cis and trans conformers and energy barriers between them are described and extreme cases are explained. Interesting features appear in the cases of NH2 and NO2 groups, and particularly when the 3 and ipso carbonyl positions are substituted. Variations in energy barriers are correlated with variations in C2‐C6 distances for the transition states and planar forms. Substitution effect on Mülliken charges are analyzed and related with internal rotation energy barriers and differences between conformers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 429–438, 2004
Analysis of the intermolecular interactions between CH3OCH3, CF3OCH3, CF3OCF3, and CH2F2, CHF3
Authors: Urata Shingo , Tsuzuki Seiji , Takada Akira , Mikami Masuhiro , Uchimaru Tadafumi , Sekiya Akira 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe intermolecular interaction energy curves of CH3OCH3CH2F2, CF3OCH3CH2F2, CF3OCF3CH2F2, CH3OCH3CHF3, CF3OCH3CHF3, and CF3OCF3CHF3complexes were calculated by the MP2 levelab initiomolecular orbital method using the 6‐311G** basis set augmented with diffuse polarization functions. We investigate the fluorine substitution effects of both methane and dimethyl ether on intermolecular interactions. In addition, orientation dependence of intermolecular interaction energies is also studied with utilizing eight types of orientations. Our analyses demonstrate that partial fluorinations of methane make electrostatic interaction dominant, and consequently enhance attractive interaction at several specific orientations. On the contrary, fluorine substitutions of dimethyl ether substantially decrease the electrostatic interaction between ether and CH2F2or CHF3; thus, there is no such characteristic interaction between the CH of fluorinated methane and ether oxygen of CF3OCF3as conventional hydrogen bonding, due to reduced polarity of fluorinated ether. The combination of different pairs of the electrostatic interaction is therefore responsible for the intermolecular interaction differences among the complexes investigated herein and also their orientations. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 447–459, 2004
Separation of some metal ions by high performance centrifugal partition chromatography with di‐2‐methylnonylphosphoric acid
Authors: Nagaosa Yukio , Wang Tao 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe separation of such metal ions as Cu(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Mg(II) and Ca(II) has been investigated by high performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC) employing di‐2‐methylnonylphosphoric acid/heptane as a stationary phase. The four transition metal ions have mutually been separated by the two‐step elution method, changing the pH of the chloroacetic acid mobile phase, and the two alkaline earth metal ions have been separated by an isocratic elution. The HPCPC system was operated with 2136 partition channels, at a rotation speed of 800 rpm, and at a flow rate of 2.0 cm3 min−1. The elution curve was obtained by monitoring the absorbance of each metal complex post‐labeled with chromogenic compounds. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Protease and xylanase activities and thermophilic populations as potential process monitoring tools during thermophilic aerobic digestion
Authors: Ugwuanyi J Obeta , Harvey Linda M , McNeil Brian 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThermophilic aerobic digestion (TAD) of potato process waste slurry was carried out in a batch process in a continuously stirred tank reactor at 55 °C for a total of 156 h. The pH of the slurry was either unregulated, or regulated at 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0 and 9.5, and aeration rate was 0.5 vvm. The effect of aeration rate on the digestion process was studied at 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 vvm at pH 7.0 and 55 °C. The development of thermophiles (55 and 65 °C populations) and hydrolytic enzyme activities (protease and xylanase) in the process were monitored. Thermophiles developed rapidly to reach peak populations in 24h or earlier, and remained stable at all fixed pH reactions. The thermophile population was only minimally affected by the aeration rate, and they were present mostly as spores after 96h of digestion. Xylanase enzyme appeared rapidly, reached a peak in approximately 60h, and declined rapidly thereafter. Highest activities were produced in neutral reactions and higher aeration rates. Aeration rates affected protease activity profoundly. The profile of both enzymes closely reflected the development of microbial activity and the overall progress of TAD, in a medium where their substrates were not predominant and not the preferred carbon sources. The relatively simple process of measuring the activities of these enzymes is potentially a more direct measure of the progress of TAD than enumeration of the microbial populations and thus, has greater potential in process monitoring. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Separation of strontium and cadmium ions from nitrate medium by ion‐exchange membrane in an electrodialysis system
Authors: Gasser MS , Nowier HG 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe separation of strontium and cadmium ions in a system containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a complexing agent has been studied using a three‐compartment electrolytic cell. The results suggest that under the influence of an electric field, Sr ions were exclusively transported to the cathode as positively charged uncomplexed cations while cadmium ions removed from the middle compartment of the electrolytic cell migrated to the anode as negatively charged complexes. The effect of the EDTA complexing agent on the separation was studied within the pH range 2–4 at 100 mA (12.4 mA cm−2). Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Kinetics of the oxidative degradation of thionine dye by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by supported transition metal ions complexes
Authors: Gemeay Ali H , Mansour Ikhlas A , El‐Sharkawy Rehab G , Zaki Ahmed B 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe kinetics of the catalyzed oxidative mineralization of the thionine dye (TH) (3,7‐diamino‐phenothiazin‐5‐ylium acetate) with H2O2 has been studied. The catalysts used were supported silica, alumina, and cation‐exchange resins (Dowex‐50W, 2 and 8% DVB) in the form of transition metal complexes. These complexes were [Cu(amm)4]2+, [Co(amm)6]2+, [Ni(amm)6]2+, [Cu(en)2]2+, and [Cu(ma)4]2+ (amm = ammonia, en = ethylenediamine, and ma = methylamine). The reaction exhibited first‐order kinetics with respect to thionine dye concentration, [TH], while the order with respect to [H2O2] was dependent on the catalyst type and the concentration range. The reactivity of the catalysts is correlated with the redox potential of metal ions, the amount of complex per gram of air‐dried support, and the type of support. The rate of the reaction increased with increasing pH of the medium. Addition of β‐cyclodextrin exhibited three distinct effects depending on the concentration range. The inclusion of the substrate and the oxidizing species has been evaluated. The irradiation of the reaction with UV‐light enhanced the rate of TH mineralization by about 20%. The reaction was enthalpy‐controlled as confirmed from the isokinetic relationship. A reaction mechanism was proposed with the formation of free radicals as reactive intermediates. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Microbial composition and structure of a multispecies biofilm from a trickle‐bed reactor used for the removal of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons from a waste gas
Authors: Hekmat Dariusch , Feuchtinger Annette , Stephan Markus , Vortmeyer Dieter 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe microbial composition and structure of a multispecies biofilm of a laboratory‐scale trickle‐bed bioreactor for the treatment of waste gas was examined. The model pollutant was a volatile organic compound‐mixture of polyalkylated benzenes called Solvesso 100®. Fluorescent in‐situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were applied. Two new Solvesso 100®‐degrading Pseudomonas sp strains were isolated from the multispecies biofilm. Corresponding isolate‐specific oligonucleotide probes were designed and applied successfully. A major finding was that the fraction of Solvesso 100®‐degrading bacteria in the biofilm was low (about 3–6% during long‐term operation). The majority of the active cells were saprophytes which utilized intermediates and cell lysis products. The measured fraction of extracellular polymeric substances of the mature biofilm was 89–93% of the total biomass. The CLSM examinations of a 3‐days‐old approx 10 µm thick biofilm revealed highly heterogeneous structures with distinguished three‐dimensional matrix‐enclosed microcolony bodies spread across the substratum surface. The 28‐days‐old 80–960 µm thick biofilm exhibited voids, cell‐free channels, and pores of variable sizes. In both cases, an even distribution of active cells and pollutant‐degrading bacteria throughout the biofilm cross‐section as well as through the biofilm depth was observed. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Biodepyritisation of coal
Authors: Acharya C , Sukla LB , Misra VN 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThis review provides a detailed summary of the recent and past research activities in the area of biodesulfurisation of coal. It provides information about microorganisms important for biodesulfurisation of coal, with the emphasis on Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. The review presents an insight into various methods of desulfurisation of coal combining physical and biological methods. Also, there are discussions on coal structure, distribution, mechanism and kinetics of pyrite oxidation and jarosite precipitation. Finally, areas requiring further research are identified. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Two‐phase anaerobic treatment system for fat‐containing wastewater
Authors: Kim Sang‐Hyoun , Han Sun‐Kee , Shin Hang‐Sik 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of a two‐phase anaerobic treatment system for fat‐containing wastewater. The two‐phase system was composed of a continuously stirred tank reactor for acidogenesis and an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for methanogenesis. Its performance was compared with a conventional single‐phase system of a UASB reactor treating synthetic wastewater containing major long‐chain fatty acids (LCFAs). LCFAs did not cause any significant problem up to the LCFA mixture loading rate of 1.21 kg LCFA‐COD m−3 day−1 (3500 mg LCFA‐COD dm−3) in both systems. However, the efficiency of the single‐phase system deteriorated at loading rates above 1.38 kg LCFA‐COD m−3 day−1 (4000 mg LCFA‐COD dm−3), while that of the two‐phase system was still satisfactory. More than 19.2% of LCFAs were degraded and 11.5% of unsaturated LCFAs were saturated in the acidogenesis of the two‐phase system, which led to the enhanced specific methane production rate and the reduced scum layer of the subsequent UASB reactor. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Regression and the hypothesis of accelerated life
Authors: Hutchinson TP 
Published: December 2003

AbstractExperiments on accelerated aging assume that curves of performance (vertical axis) versus logarithm of time (horizontal axis) are parallel in different conditions (eg temperatures), in the sense of being a constant horizontal distance apart. It is shown how multiple regression may be adapted to the estimation of the horizontal shifts, which can then be related to objective measures of the conditions. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Ferumoxide‐enhanced MR imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation with histologic tumor grade and tumor vascularity
Authors: Kato Hiroki , Kanematsu Masayuki , Kondo Hiroshi , Goshima Satoshi , Matsuo Masayuki , Hoshi Hiroaki , Moriyama Noriyuki 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate ferumoxide‐enhanced MR imaging findings of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in correlation with the histologic tumor grades and the tumor vascularity evaluated by CT hepatic arteriography (CTHA) and CT during arterial portography (CTAP) combined.Materials and MethodsBy searching the radiologic, surgical, and pathologic reports of our institution between January 1999 and February 2001, we identified 43 patients with 51 pathologically confirmed HCCs who underwent ferumoxide‐enhanced MR imaging and combination CTHA and CTAP within two weeks. The HCCs consisted of 17 well‐differentiated, 28 moderately differentiated, and six poorly differentiated tumors. The MR and CT were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists in consensus for signal intensity on MR images and vascularity on CT. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated to correlate the frequency of tumors with ferumoxide uptake with the histologic tumor grades and the tumor vascularity on CTHA and CTAP.ResultsA total of 45 tumors (88%) did not take up ferumoxide, and thus showed distinct, homogeneous hyperintensity. Six tumors (12%) ranging 5–16 mm in size (mean, 11 mm) took up ferumoxide, and thus showed isointensity, mixed intensity, or hypointensity, including five of 17 (29%) well‐differentiated tumors and one of 28 (4%) moderately differentiated tumors. Five of the six tumors (83%) showed hyper‐ or hypovascularity on CTHA or hypovascularity on CTAP. The frequency of tumors with ferumoxide uptake showed weak correlation with tumor grades (coefficient = 0.26, P < 0.01) and vascularity on CTHA (–0.35, P < 0.05) and CTAP (0.39, P < 0.01).ConclusionAlthough a small number of well‐differentiated HCC take up ferumoxide and show iso‐, mixed, or hypointensity, most such tumors show increased hepatic arterial or decreased portal venous perfusion. The present results suggest the limitation of reticuloendothelial contrast imaging, particularly in the diagnosis of small, well‐differentiated HCC. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:76–81. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.