bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on conventional and modern breeding approaches for developing climate resilient crop varieties
Authors: Prabhu Kruti Rajendra , Kumar Ashutosh , Yumkhaibam Rufida Shahni , Janeja Harmeet Singh , Krishna Bal , Talekar Nilesh 
Published: September 2023

The escalating threat of climate change is a major challenge to global food security. One of the ways to mitigate its impact is by developing crops that can withstand environmental stresses such as drought, heat, and salinity. Plant breeders have been employing conventional and modern approaches to achieve climate-resilient crops. Climate-resilient crops refer to both crop and crop varieties that exhibit improved tolerance towards biotic and abiotic stresses. These crops possess the capacity to maintain or even increase their yields when exposed to various stress conditions, such as drought, flood, heat, chilling, freezing and salinity. Conventional breeding entails selecting and crossing plants with desirable traits, while modern breeding deploys molecular techniques to identify and transfer specific genes associated with stress tolerance. However, the effectiveness of both methods is contingent on the crop species and the targeted stress. Advancements in gene editing, such as CRISPER-cas9 and genomics-assisted breeding, offer new opportunities to hasten the development of climate-resilient crops. These new technologies include Marker Assisted Selection, Genome-Wide Association Studies, Mutation breeding, Transcriptomics, Genomics, and more. The review concludes that these cutting-edge techniques have the potential to enhance the speed and precision of developing crops that can endure the challenges posed by climate change.
The Drying kinetics of Cissus quadrangularis dried in a Fluidized bed dryer
Authors: Venkatasami M. , Rajkumar P. , Balakrishnan M. , Rani C. Indu , Amirtham D. , Lakshmanan A. 
Published: September 2023

Cissus quadrangularis is an extensively utilized medicinal plant in India which has numerous health benefits. Hence, the drying kinetics of Cissus was studied using fluidized bed dryer to identify suitable drying conditions and to understand moisture removal and its connection to process variables. The present research aimed to determine a suitable drying model of fluidized bed drying of Cissus quadrangularis Linn., determine the effective moisture diffusivity of the drying process and the activation energy, and investigate the effects of temperatures on the drying kinetics of Cissus. The drying experiments were conducted at three different air temperatures (40, 50 and 60 ºC), bed thickness of 5 cm, constant air velocity of 8 m/s and 0.5-1 cm length Cissus samples. The experimental drying data was fit into thirteen thin layer models and the best model describing the drying of Cissus was selected based on the correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE), and reduced chi-square (χ2). The drying process occurred in a falling rate period for all the drying air temperatures and a constant rate period was not observed. Among all the thirteen models tested, approximation of diffusion was found to explain the thin layer drying behavior of C. quadrangularis accurately. The effective moisture diffusivity for Cissus was in the range of 1.54 - 3.12x 10-10 m2/s and the activation energy was 30.76 kJ/ mole, respectively. Hence, fluidized bed drying is more effective for convective drying of Cissus and the drying models are useful for selecting the best operational condition for fluidized bed dryer and design of an equipment.
Heterologous expression of phytase in Schizochytrium sp. as a fortified feed additive for the Livestock industry
Authors: Singarapu Ravi Kumar , Reddy Bala Reddy Bheema , Rajesh Mathur 
Published: September 2023

Phytates present in plant-derived feed can chelate nutrients and reduce their bioavailability for monogastric animals such as poultry and swine. The addition of hydrolase, phytase can alleviate this problem but is hindered by its cost. The goal of the current study is to clone, express and purify the phytase gene from Bacillus sp. (DS11) into Schizochytrium sp. ATCC 20888 is also a good producer of Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This is expected to enhance animal nutrition and reduce phosphate pollution. The DNA sequence analysis using multiple sequence alignments showed significant similarity to the phytase gene from Bacillus sp. (DS11). Subsequently, specific primers were designed based on the consensus sequence of the Bacillus phytase gene obtained from sequencing. The coding DNA sequence was determined to have a length of 1152 base pairs. Phytase gene was successfully cloned into the pRI201-AN DNA vector and transformed into Schyzochytrium sp. Screening on G418 plates showed 53 resistant colonies and from this 11 prominent colonies were chosen for further testing. Out of this, 8 colonies tested positive, with colony PCR having 1.5 kb with a phytase activity of 1.77 U/ml of crude lysate. Further purification with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography provided a specific activity of 15.59 U/mg. This appears to be the first ever reported recombinant phytase produced in Schizochytrium sp. The phytase recommendations are 250U/Kg of feed preparation for broiler & swine diets . It was also determined that 72.64 U/5.2 gm of wet biomass and 1.80% of w/w microalgae would fulfil these requirements per kg of feed preparation.
Pyrosociality
Authors: Fowler Cynthia Twyford 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pyrosociality is a framework for theorizing the simultaneous production of forests and fires while discerning who is powerful and who is vulnerable in multispecies encounters mediated by fire. This article reviews literature about fire science and situates academic dialogue about the ecological consequences of social processes within real-world goings-on in the Blue Ridge Mountains. Pyrosocial theory draws from posthumanism, science and technology studies, and feminist anthropology to assess fire management. Qualitative data from properties managed by the Nantahala- Pisgah National Forests, North Carolina Forest Service, and South Carolina Forestry Commission ground pyrosocial theory in shifting ideas and practices related to excluding, suppressing, fostering, and igniting fires. When centering fire, what facts, truths, complexities, and subtleties come to light? The pyrosocial approach reveals pyropower, or individual variabilities and structural hierarchies related to controlling or influencing more-than-human communities. Focusing on power and vulnerability within habitats co-constructed by multispecies agents and biophysical forces accentuates meaningful relationships.
OPTIMAL CONTROL IN THE DIRICHLET PROBLEM FOR ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS WITH DEGENERATION
Authors: Pukalskyy I. , Yashan B. 
Published: September 2023

The theory of optimal control of systems, which is described by partial differential equations, is rich in results and is actively developing nowadays. The popularity of this kind of research is connected with its active use in solving problems of natural science, in particular hydro and gas dynamics, heat physics, diffusion, and the theory of biological populations.

The problem of optimal control of the system described by the Dirichlet problem for the elliptic equation of the second order is studied. Cases of internal control are considered. The quality criterion is given by the volumetric integral. The coefficients of the equation admit power singularities of arbitrary order in any variables at some set of points. Solutions of auxiliary problems with smooth coefficients are studied to solve the given problem. Using a priori estimates, inequalities are established for solving problems and their derivatives in special Hölder spaces. Using the theorems of Archel and Riess, a convergent sequence is distinguished from a compact sequence of solutions to auxiliary problems, the limiting value of which will be the solution to the given problem.

The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the optimal solution of the system described by the Dirichlet problem for the elliptic equation with degeneracy have been established.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Siswa Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati di Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Luwuk
Authors: Lama'u Sryfaida , Nurlia Nurlia , Anggo Sulasmi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Choosing the right learning model during the learning process is a very important thing for a teacher to do, to increase student learning activities. This research aims to find out the influence of learning model the Contextual Teaching and Learning toward student learning activities on biodiversity material in class X SMA Negeri 1 Luwuk. This research is a quasi-experimental research with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design research design. The population of the research was class X students of SMA Negeri 1 Luwuk for the 2022/2023 school year. The samples of this research were class Xb as an experimental class and class Xe as a control class, each of which consists of 39 students. The data collection technique was used students learning activity sheets with 8 aspects of assessment, namely observing teacher lessons, expressing questions, doing group assignments, listening to discussion group friends’ conversations, solving problems, presenting group assignments, answering questions, and approve and receiving opinions. The data were analyzed using a normality test and a t-test with the help of an SPSS application. The results of this research showed that there was an influence of learning model the Contextual Teaching and Learning on student learning activities on biodiversity material in class X SMA Negeri 1 Luwuk with a calculated tcount = 5.470 ˃ ttable = 1.665 and a significant value of 0.000 ˂ 0.05. Keywords: Learning Activities, Contextual Teaching and Learning
Pengaruh Penggunan Model Pembelajaran Tipe Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pada Materi Sistem saraf di SMA Negeri 2 Pulau Taliabu
Authors: Sarianti Sarianti , Haruna Moh. Fahri , Nurlia Nurlia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using the Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes in class XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Pulau Taliabu. This research was carried out in the even semester of the 2020/2021 Academic Year from April to May 2021. The research design was in the form of a Pretest Posttest Control Group Design. The population of all students in class XI, amounting to 86 students. The research sample consisted of an experimental class with 22 students and a control class with 22 students, so that the total sample size was 44 students. The instrument used is test questions, in the form of pretest and posttest with a total of 20 multiple choice questions each. The data collected from the test results is processed and tested using the t-test (t-test). to see the influence of the learning model, then to test the hypothesis using the F test, with a significant α = 0.05. Based on the results of the study, the value of tcount > ttable (2.887> 1.682) was obtained, so that it was found that there were differences in the effect of learning outcomes with conventional learning models and two stay two stray learning models. So it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of using the two stay two stray (TSTS) type learning model on student learning outcomes in class XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Pulau Taliabu. Keywords: Cooperative Learning; Pulau Taliabu ; Two Stay Two Stray
Keanekaragaman Serangga Permukaan Air di Sungai Batu Gong Desa Tataba Kecamatan Buko Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan
Authors: Lige Firga Nabila , Anggo Sulasmi , Karim Wahyudin Abdul , Samak Nurtini 
Published: September 2023

Insects can be found in almost all areas above the earth’s surface, on land, sea and air. Insect life has existed since 400 milion years ago, ranging from 2-3 milion insect species that have been identified. Insects are one of the groups of animals that have high level of diversit. This study aims to determine the diversity of surface water insects in the Batu gong river, Tataba Village, Buko District, Banggai Islands Regency. The type of research used was descriptive quantitative at Batu Gong River, Tataba Village, Buko District, Banggai Islands Regency. The sampling technique was carried out using the roaming method. The data were analyzed using the Shannon Winner Diversity Index. The results of this study indicate that the diversity of surface water insects in the Batu Gong River, Tababa Village, Buko District, Banggai Islands Regency was in the medium category whit a value of 1.71 At each station starting from station 1, the diversity index was found at a value of 1.72 in the medium category, while at station 2, the diversity index was at a value of 1.65 whit as medium category, and station 3, the diversity index was at a value of 1.62 with a lower category.Keywords: Water Insects, Batu Gong River
Keanekaragaman Serangga di Perkebunan Kakao Desa Kawalo Kecamatan Taliabu Barat Kabupaten Pulau Taliabu
Authors: Duwila Ila , Karim Wahyudin Abdul , Anggo Sulasmi , Lige Firga Nabila 
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Cocoa is biodiversity that must be preserved. In addition, cocoa is one of the main pillars of the plantation area which plays an important role in the community's economy. Meanwhile, insects are part of biodiversity with the ultimate goal of increasing cocoa productivity. Insects are organisms that harm plants, especially cocoa. The purpose of this research is to determine the types of insects found in the Cocoa Plantation of Kawalo Village, West Taliabu District, Taliabu Island Regency. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative. This research was conducted in June-July 2022 By using a purposive sampling method or deliberately determining as many as 9 points with an area of 1 Ha with the sampling technique using the Yellow trap method. Based on the results of research from 9 traps conducted in Kawalo Village, Taliabu Barat District, Taliabu Island Regency, it found that 49 individuals from 11 insect species, including Amata aperta, Bactrocera dorsalis, Colletidae, Euagoras plagiatus, Herpetogramma licarsisalis, Megachile plut, Nisotra bicolorata, Oechopila smaragdina, Riptortus linearis, Sphaeroderma testaceum, Telostylinus lineolatus. Insect Diversity Index found results using the Shannon-Wienner Index, namely the variety of H' (1.78611) in the medium category. It's because the location of the Kawalo Village Cocoa Plantation is visited by the community almost every day, and those who visit the cocoa plantation often do pruning of the cocoa tree which causes disturbance to insect activity. On environmental factors obtained in the morning taken at 08.00 WITA with temperature (29.2), humidity (60%) in the afternoon taken at 17.00 WITA with temperature (30.00), humidity (61%). Keywords: Cocoa Plantation, Diversity, Insects, Taliabu
Analisis Tingkat Serapan Dan Daya Tampung Karbon Tanaman Mangrove di Desa Munte
Authors: Syamsir W Syamsir W , Nurmalasari Nurmalasari , Cambaba Sunarti 
Published: September 2023

Abstract: One of the benefits of mangrove plants is to reduce pollution and reduce air pollution. The purpose of this study was to find out how much carbon absorption and storage capacity was carried out by mangrove plants in Munte Village. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive analysis. This research will be carried out in August 2021 on the coast of Munte Village. The data obtained were analyzed using density calculation analysis (Density), Calculation of Aboveground Biomass Value (Stems), Calculation of Belowground Biomass Value (Roots), Calculation of Total Biomass Value, Calculation of Carbon Content, and Calculation of carbon dioxide absorption. on transect 1 the biomass was 11280.58% for the species Sonneratia alba and the smallest was 3.82cm with a biomass of 7.27% for the species Avicennia officinalis. So that a total carbon biomass of 14572.23% was obtained, and a total carbon content of 7286.12% and a carbon absorption of 26740.04% were obtained. In transect 2, the biomass was 6309.51% for Avicennia officinalis and the smallest was 3.18 cm with a biomass of 4.77% for Avicennia officinalis. In order to obtain a total carbon biomass of 9106.35% and a total carbon content of 4553.17% and a carbon absorption of 16710.15%. Keywords: Carbon biomass, Mangrove, Munte Village
OPTIMIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL YIELD ON THE IMPACT OF OZONE AND SULPHUR DIOXIDE USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Bodunwa Oluwatoyin Kikelomo , Aladeniyi Olubodun Bodunde , Adewole Iyabo Ayoade 
Published: September 2023

In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to the analysis of ozone and Sulphur dioxide on soybean. The data used was secondary data which came from research on the effects of air pollutants on crop yields conducted in North Carolina State University and USDA in 1981. From the analyses, the adequacy of the model used was validated with the F-value of 18.71 and 18.55 respectively suggests the models are significant. The Coefficient of Determination the Adjusted ,written as and Predicted were also used to find the adequacy of the model used. Effects of ozone and Sulphur dioxide were looked into in the yields of soybean in two different locations. It was found that the 0.395 inlet of sulphur and 0.018 inlet of ozone gives optimum yield of 724.427 grams of soybeans in yield 1 and same quatity gives optimum yield of 248.282 grams of soybeans in yield 2 which made ozone and sulphurdioxide to have significant effect on the yield of soyabeans.
TOWARDS PREDICTION OF CEREBROSPINAL MENINGITIS DISEASE OCCURRENCE USING LOGISTICS REGRESSION – A WEB BASED APPLICATION
Authors: Babatunde Ronke S. , Adigun Oyeranmi A. , Okikiola Folashade 
Published: September 2023

Cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) is characterized by acute severe infection of the central nervous system causing inflammation of the meninges with associated morbidity and mortality. The information about its symptoms, time and season of spread, most affected region, its fatality rate, type and how easily it causes major disabilities in patients can be modelled and utilized in its treatment, and prevention. This research uses data mining techniques to predict the occurrence of CSM in terms of those liable to be infected by the disease using feature information about the region and the patient. It encompasses data collection, preprocessing, exploration, algorithm training, prediction, and web hosting. The intention is to help in managing the resources needed for both treatment and prevention. The outcome of the research indicated that the proposed technique is viable for the task, considering the number of correct predictions that was reported when the application was deployed and tested.
The Moderating Effect of Institutional Shareholders on the Relationship between Board Attributes and Auditor Selection among Listed Financial Service Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Musa Haruna Muhammed 
Published: September 2023

The study examines the moderating effect of institutional ownership on the relationship between board attributes and auditor selection among listed financial service firms in Nigeria. It investigated whether institutional shareholding moderate the relationship between board size, board independence, board gender diversity, board meeting attendance and auditor selection among listed financial firms in Nigeria. The study used secondary data extracted from the published financial statements of the sampled firms for the period 2007 to 2020. The population of the study consists of 53 listed financial service firms in Nigeria. The study adopts correlational research design using logistic regression as a tool of analysis. This study presents evidence that higher levels of institutional ownership strengthen the effect of board attributes (gender diversity and board meeting attendance) on auditor selection. Hence, the result implies that managers may face stringent monitoring when institutional investors, board gender diversity and board meeting attendance interacts. Such superior monitoring may compel managers to consider hiring an industry specialist auditor to audit the firm which leads to boosting the firm’ value. The finding of this investigation has an important policy implication on enhancing sound corporate governance practices, particularly for firms operating in developing countries where the market for corporate control is ineffective.
Robert Burns and Modern Ulster-Scots Poetry
Authors: Dornan Steve 
Published: September 2023

Robert Burns’s influence on Scottish culture and literature is well attested, though in recent years bardology has been counterbalanced by a rising fashion for “bardoclasm”. In Ulster too Burns has featured prominently in official presentations of Ulster-Scots by the Ulster-Scots Agency and other public bodies. High-profile Burns Night concerts are now a staple and TV programmes have been commissioned to mark the occasion. Burns’s image also features prominently on the Ulster-Scots Agency websites and promotional materials. This essay will explore how Burns’s increased visibility in Ulster is replicated in the work of modern poets who use Ulster-Scots in their work. Modern writers from Ulster who use Ulster-Scots tend to have a slightly different relationship to the work of Burns than their predecessors, or modern Scottish writers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Ulster-Scots writers would have been intimately familiar with the poetry of Robert Burns. In modern Scotland, Scots writing, and Robert Burns especially, features prominently in school curricula. Despite some efforts to incorporate more Scots and Ulster–Scots literature into the school curricula in Ulster, these do not generally feature. This means that Burns and Scottish poetry is introduced, if at all, through less formal channels. Modern Ulster-Scots poetry began in the 1990s with the Ulster-Scots Language Society’s Ullans magazine. The major writers to emerge from this revival were James Fenton and Philip Robinson. The early 2020s has witnessed an upsurge in writing in Ulster-Scots. This essay will explore Burns’s complex influence on this corpus of work. A strand of Ulster-Scots poetry is fairly traditional, with a focus on nostalgic, rural themes and concerns. It may be intuitive to think, therefore, that Burns may feature as part of this. However, it is perhaps in the work of the most self-consciously literary of modern Ulster-Scots writers where Burns’s work is most tangible. There are traces of Burns’s influence in several areas: in the forms and themes used, and in the way in which voice is created. Burns also at times functions as a sort of symbol for the vernacular itself, and provides a source of vindication for writers using a tongue which still often attracts opprobrium and ridicule in popular discourse.