bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrin expression in colon cancer cells is regulated by the cytoplasmic domain of the β6 integrin subunit
Authors: Niu Jun , Dorahy Douglas J. , Gu Xinhua , Scott R.J. , Draganic Brian , Ahmed Nuzhat , Agrez Michael V. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have previously reported that the αvβ6 integrin upregulates its own expression in a protein kinase C‐dependent manner with increasing cell density. The wild‐type β6 integrin subunit has also been shown to promote tumour growth in vivo and its growth‐enhancing effect is regulated by both a MAP kinase binding motif on β6 and the 11 amino acid C‐terminal cytoplasmic extension unique to the β6 subunit. Herein, we show that the 11 amino acid cytoplasmic extension is essential for the cell density‐dependent increase in β6 expression and that the 11 amino acid tail exerts a dominant negative effect on cell density‐ and PKC‐mediated β5 expression in αvβ6‐expressing colon cancer cells. Cells that express β6 lacking the 11 amino acid tail respond to PKC simulation with increased expression of only the β5 subunit as seen for cells that lack constitutive αvβ6 expression. In contrast, loss of the ERK binding site on β6 markedly impairs cell density‐ and PKC‐dependent expression of either β6 or β5 in the presence or absence of the 11 amino acid tail, respectively. Our findings suggest that in αvβ6‐expressing cells, a hierarchy of kinase signalling cascades exists and that the β6‐ERK2 interaction dominates over PKC‐mediated signalling pathways responsible for integrin upregulation with cell confluence. Given the dominance of the β6‐ERK2 interaction over PKC‐mediated expression of both β5 and β6 integrin subunits, targeting the β6‐ERK2 interaction may prove useful as an anticancer strategy in colon cancer. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of HLA‐B27–restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope from carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Huarte Eduardo , Sarobe Pablo , Lasarte Juan José , Brem Gottfried , Weiss Elisabeth H. , Prieto Jesús , Borrás‐Cuesta Francisco 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCharacterization of epitopes recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in the sequence of tumor antigens is an important step in the development of tumor therapies. Because carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein expressed in a high number of epithelial tumors, it is an interesting target to study. We screened for the presence of HLA‐B27–restricted CTL epitopes from CEA by studying the binding to HLA‐B27 of 31 synthetic peptides predicted to bind to this molecule. This afforded 16 peptides with moderate or high binding affinity. Immunization of HLA‐B27 transgenic mice with the best binder peptides yielded 4 immunogenic peptides: CEA(9–17), CEA(9–18), CEA(138–146) and CEA(360–369). However, splenocytes from mice immunized with a vaccinia virus–expressing CEA recognized only CEA(9–18). These CTLs were of the CD8+ phenotype, which upon stimulation with peptide specifically produced IFN‐γ. Moreover, they did not cross‐react against peptides of region 9–18 from proteins of the CEA family. Our results show that CEA(9–18) may induce specific CTL responses against CEA. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microwave imaging of parallel perfectly conducting cylinders
Authors: Qing Anyong 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper considers microwave imaging of parallel perfectly conducting cylinders using a solution of the scattering problem by the point‐matching method. A cubic B‐spline, real‐coded genetic algorithm and an adaptive hybrid algorithm are proposed to solve the inverse problem. Previous shape functions in trigonometric series with arbitrary coefficients are nondefinite, which intensify the ill‐posedness and slow the early time convergence of the algorithm. A novel shape function based on cubic B‐splines is developed and the real‐coded genetic algorithm is modified accordingly. Numerical simulation examples show that the early time convergence of the real‐coded genetic algorithm is improved significantly. Next, the adaptive hybrid algorithm is developed to improve the late time convergence of the cubic B‐spline real‐coded genetic algorithm. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol 11, 365–371, 2000
Caring for the caregiver: Early Head Start/family child care partnerships
Authors: Buell Martha J. , Pfister Ilka , Gamel‐McCormick Michael 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study explores the results of partnering with an Early Head Start program for four family child care providers. Providers reported on their perceptions of caregiving, the types of support they found useful from the program, and ways the Early Head Start program could better serve the community. Results indicate that providers feel that they benefited from their partnership with the Early Head Start program in both emotional and instrumental ways, that through the partnership they were able to enhance both the quality of their program and increase their sense of support and professionalism. These results are discussed in terms of supporting infant and toddler development by supporting providers. Policy recommendations are also given. ©2002 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health.
Building Portals for Higher Education
Authors: Pickett Richard A. , Hamre William B. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPersonalized profiles and information for each customer or group of customers have been already put in practice by many businesses. The key premise underlying this concept is that customers want on‐demand access to information that is tailored to their needs and preferences. The chapter discusses the concept of portals and its application in higher education for building personalized, Web‐deployed Intranet and decision support systems.
Off‐site monitoring systems for predicting bank underperformance: a comparison of neural networks, discriminant analysis, and professional human judgment
Authors: Swicegood Philip , Clark Jeffrey A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study compares the ability of discriminant analysis, neural networks, and professional human judgment methodologies in predicting commercial bank underperformance. Experience from the banking crisis of the 1980s and early 1990s suggest that improved prediction models are needed for helping prevent bank failures and promoting economic stability. Our research seeks to address this issue by exploring new prediction model techniques and comparing them to existing approaches. When comparing the predictive ability of all three models, the neural network model shows slightly better predictive ability than that of the regulators. Both the neural network model and regulators significantly outperform the benchmark discriminant analysis model's accuracy. These findings suggest that neural networks show promise as an off‐site surveillance methodology. Factoring in the relative costs of the different types of misclassifications from each model also indicates that neural network models are better predictors, particularly when weighting Type I errors more heavily. Further research with neural networks in this field should yield workable models that greatly enhance the ability of regulators and bankers to identify and address weaknesses in banks before they approach failure. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A composite graft material containing bone particles and collagen in osteoinduction in mouse
Authors: Tsai Chung‐Hung , Chou Ming‐Yung , Jonas Mecrehild , Tien Yung‐Tico , Chi Emily Y. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDemineralized allogenic bone matrices (DABM) and demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft (DFDBA) have been successfully used as bone‐graft materials in the treatment of acquired and congenital cranio–maxillofacial defects and in some orthopedic surgery. However, these bone‐graft “powders” have many shortcomings. For example, placement of particulate graft material in a hemorrhaging site can result in inadequacies or inaccurate attachment as well as loss of the graft materials. To minimize the inadequacies of powderlike graft materials, xenogenic collagen isolated from human tendon, skin, or bone was added to the bone‐graft particles to form a composite spongelike implant. This material is commercially available and consists of 60% collagen and 40% DFDBA (DynaGraft™, GenSci Co., Irvine, CA). The goal of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of composite graft implants in the mineralization process in an animal model in comparison with DFDBA powder and pure collagen. Seventy‐two Swiss Webster mice were divided into three groups: an experimental group implanted with DynaGraft,™ two comparison groups implanted with either DFDBA or collagen only. All the graft materials were surgically implanted and inserted into the left thigh muscle. Mice were humanely killed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks. Then the muscle tissues in the vicinity of the implants were excised and processed for histology. Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), the Von Kossa method, and Masson's trichrome. Some selected specimens were processed for transmission electron microscopic observation. After 1 week of implantation, the DynaGraft™ group showed calcium deposition on the collagen material and on the periphery of the DFDBA particles. Increased calcification and bone‐forming cells were observed at 4–6 weeks. After 8 weeks, the implant formed a calcified nodule and only heavily mineralized connective tissue was observed at the implanted site. The group implanted with DFDBA powder showed calcification around the particulates. The collagen‐sponge control group revealed no calcification or bone formation during the period of implantation. The light microscopic findings were confirmed by electron microscopy. Quantitative radiographic density DynaGraft™ and DFDBA graft followed sequentially over a period 120 days. It was concluded that a higher rate of calcification and bone formation was produced in the composite graft implant compared to the DFDBA implant. The composite graft material (DynaGraft™), which contains both collagen and DFDBA, proved to be more effective for bone formation than particle components alone. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 63: 65–70, 2002
Histological characterization of the early stages of bone morphogenetic protein‐induced osteogenesis
Authors: Vehof J. W. M. , Takita H. , Kuboki Y. , Spauwen P. H. M. , Jansen J. A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOn the basis of currently available knowledge, we hypothesize that the initial bone formation, as induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), is influenced by the chemical composition and three‐dimensional spatial configuration of the used carrier material. Therefore, in the current study, the osteoinductive properties of porous titanium (Ti) fiber mesh with a calcium phosphate (Ca‐P) coating (Ti‐CaP), insoluble bone matrix (IBM), fibrous glass membrane (FGM), and porous particles of hydroxy apatite (PPHAP) loaded with rhBMP‐2 were compared in a rat ectopic assay model at short implantation periods. Twelve Ti‐CaP, 12 IBM, 12 FGM, and 12 PPHAP implants, loaded with rhBMP‐2, were subcutaneously placed in 16 Wistar King rats. The rats were sacrificed at 3, 5, 7, and 9 days post‐operative, and the implants were retrieved. Histological analysis demonstrated that IBM and Ti‐CaP had induced ectopic cartilage and bone formation by 5 and 7 days, respectively. However, in PPHAP, bone formation and cartilage formation were seen together at 7 days. At 9 days, in Ti‐CaP, IBM, and PPHAP, cartilage was seen together with trabecular bone. At 9 days, in FGM, only cartilage was observed. Quantitative rating of the tissue response, using a scoring system, demonstrated that the observed differences were statistically significant (Wilcoxon rank sum test, p < 0.05). We conclude that IBM, CaP‐coated Ti mesh, FGM, and PPHAP provided with rhBMP‐2 can indeed induce ectopic bone formation with a cartilaginous phase in a rat model at short implantation periods. Considering the different chemical composition and three‐dimensional spatial configuration of the carrier materials used, these findings even suggest that endochondral ossification is present in rhBMP‐2‐induced osteogenesis, even though the amount of cartilage may differ. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 61: 440–449, 2002
Structural alteration of erythrocyte cell membrane in presence of artificial prostheses: A radiowave dielectric spectroscopy study
Authors: Basoli A. , Bordi F. , Cametti C. , Gili T. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe exposure of a biomaterial to blood gives rise to complex reactions playing an important role in many biological phenomena, such as the problem of biocompatibility and the mechanism of cardiovascular and thromboembolic diseases. In the present work, we use a frequency‐domain dielectric spectroscopy approach to evaluate possible changes in the passive electrical parameters of the erythrocyte membrane, i.e., the membrane conductivity σs and the membrane permittivity ϵs, after the insertion of a prosthesis (mean implantation time 8 days) in the circulatory system of patients treated for aortic aneurysm and the consequent interactions of erythrocyte cells with the biomaterial surface. We observe an increase of both the membrane conductivity and membrane permittivity, indicating changes at molecular level in the structural organization of the membrane. These membrane alterations can be viewed as precursory events for the initiation of the complex sequence of enzymatic reactions that take place on the material surface. Our results, although preliminary imply that a direct interaction between erythrocyte cell membrane and vascular prostheses may occur, causing a marked alteration in the electrical properties of the cell membrane. These findings might have relevant clinical implications and might offer possibilities to predict biocompatibility of biomaterials and give some further suggestions to resolve the problem of biomaterial‐associated thrombogenicity. © 2001 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 59: 100–109, 2002
Shopping for Bargain‐Priced Companies? Avoid Asset Impairment Traps
Authors: Martinson Otto B. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWith the shaky economy, many companies may be available at bargain prices. But new accounting rules can trip
you up, warns the author. He explains how to avoid problems and gives solid advice on strategy for today's
conditions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Signalling pathways involved in the direct effects of IGFBP‐5 on breast epithelial cell attachment and survival
Authors: McCaig Catherine , Perks Claire M. , Holly Jeff M.P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have demonstrated previously that IGFBP‐5 can confer survival against apoptosis induced by ceramide, C2, or a small synthetic arginine–glycine‐aspartic acid (RGD)‐containing peptide in a direct manner. The endogenous ceramide‐induced pathway is normally counter‐balanced by survival signals mediated by sphingosine kinase (SK) and protein kinase C (PKC). In order to investigate whether these pathways are involved in the IGFBP‐5 survival effect, we have used inhibitors of SK (N, N‐di‐methyl sphingosine, DMS) and PKC (chelerythrine chloride, CC). The effect of pre‐incubating Hs578T breast cancer cells with IGFBP‐5 on cell adhesion or on subsequent cell death induced by C2 or RGD was investigated with and without the presence of DMS or CC. Cell death was determined by trypan blue cell counts and apoptosis confirmed by morphological assessment and flow cytometry. Cell attachment was determined by a cell adhesion assay. The presence of IGFBP‐5 significantly inhibited cell death induced by C2 or RGD, compared to the triggers of apoptosis alone (P < 0.01 in both cases). In the presence of either IGFBP‐5, CC or DMS, there was no significant effect on cell death compared to the control. IGFBP‐5 in the presence of either inhibitor resulted in a significant increase in cell death; IGFBP‐5 also lost its ability to confer survival on C2 and RGD‐induced apoptosis and in contrast significantly increased cell death. In the cell adhesion assay, IGFBP‐5 significantly increased cell attachment over basal levels. In the presence of either inhibitor the IGFBP‐5 effect on cell adhesion was reversed and cell attachment was reduced to below basal levels. These data suggest that IGFBP‐5 promotes the attachment and survival of Hs578T cells by modulating the balance between ceramide and opposing survival signals. J. Cell. Biochem. 84: 784–794, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CDP and AP‐2 mediated repression mechanism of the replication‐dependent hamster histone H3.2 promoter
Authors: Wu Frank , Lee Amy S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe replication‐dependent hamster histone H3.2 promoter contains two tandem CCAAT repeats located upstream of the TATA element. It has been shown that the NF‐Y/CBF complex binds to a single CCAAT motif with high affinity, whereas the CCAAT displacement protein (CDP) binds to at least two CCAAT motifs in close proximity. Here, we report that the two CCAAT motifs within the H3.2 promoter confer transcriptional repression of the promoter during the cell cycle. While we cannot detect direct association of CDP with Rb in vitro, we discover that CDP can bind AP‐2, a ubiquitous factor that interacts with Rb. The interaction domains between CDP and AP‐2 are mapped to the highly conserved cut repeats of CDP as well as the basic and dimerization region of AP‐2. Further, in transfection assays, CDP and AP‐2 act synergistically to suppress the H3.2 promoter. Together, these data support a repression mechanism mediated by CDP and AP‐2 that regulates H3.2 gene expression during the mammalian cell cycle. J. Cell. Biochem. 84: 699–707, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Global chimeric exchanges within the intracellular face of the bradykinin B2 receptor with corresponding angiotensin II type Ia receptor regions: Generation of fully functional hybrids showing characteristic signaling of the AT1a receptor
Authors: Yu Jun , Prado Gregory N. , Taylor Linda , Piserchio Andrea , Gupta Abhas , Mierke Dale F. , Polgar Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe intracellular (IC) face of the G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCR), bradykinin (BK) B2 and angiotensin (AT) 1a, is similar in sequence homology and in size. Both receptors are known to link to Gαi and Gαq but differ markedly in a number of physiologic actions, particularly with respect to their hemodynamic action. We made single as well as multiple, global replacements within the IC of BKB2R with the corresponding regions of the AT1aR. When stably transfected into Rat‐1 cells, these hybrid receptors all bound BK with high affinity. Single replacement of the intracellular loop 2 (IC2) or the distal 34 residues of the C‐terminus (dCt) with the corresponding regions of AT1aR resulted in chimera, which turned over phosphotidylinositol (PI) and released arachidonic acid (ARA) as WT BKB2R. In contrast, incorporation of the AT1aR IC3 in a single replacement abolished signal transduction. However, the simultaneous exchange of IC2 and IC3 of BKB2R with AT1aR resulted in a receptor responding to BK with PI turnover and ARA release approximately 4‐fold greater than WT BKB2R. Likewise, the simultaneous replacement of IC2 and dCt resulted in a 2.8‐ and 1.6‐fold increase in PI turnover and ARA release, respectively. In contrast, the dual replacement of IC3 and dCt could not overcome the deleterious effects of the IC3 replacement, resulting in very low PI activation and ARA release. Replacement of all three IC domains (IC2, IC3, and dCt) resulted in PI closer to that of AT1aR than BKB2R. The uptake of the receptor chimeras was similar to that of WT BKB2R with the exception of the IC3/dCt dual mutant, which exhibited very poor internalization (18% at 60′). When transfected into Rat‐1 cells, the AT1aR markedly increased the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA, while BK slightly decreased it. The dual IC2/dCt and triple IC2/IC3/dCt hybrids both upregulated CTGF mRNA in response to BK. These results show that the IC face of the BKB2R can be exchanged with that of AT1aR, producing hybrid receptors, which take on the functional characteristics of AT1aR. The characterization of the chimera with stepwise replacement of the IC domains should allow for assignment of specific roles to the individual loops and C‐terminus in the signaling and internalization of the BKB2R and facilitate the generation of a receptor with BKB2R binding and AT1aR function. J. Cell. Biochem. 85: 809–819, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of p38MAP kinase potentiates the JNK/SAPK pathway and AP‐1 activity in monocytic but not in macrophage or granulocytic differentiation of HL60 cells
Authors: Wang Xuening , Studzinski George P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMonocytic differentiation of HL60 cells induced by 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25 D3) has been recently shown (Exp Cell Res 258, 425,2000) to be enhanced by an exposure to SB203580 or to SB202190, specific inhibitors of p38MAP kinase, with concomitant up‐regulation of the c‐jun N terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. In the present study we inquired if this enhancement and the JNK up‐regulation are limited to 1,25 D3‐induced differentiation, or if they occur more generally in HL60 cell differentiation. We found that dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)‐induced differentiation, and to a lesser extent tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)‐induced macrophage differentiation were also potentiated by the p38MAPK inhibitors, but that granulocytic differentiation in response to all‐trans retinoic acid (RA) was not. The enhancement of differentiation by p38MAPK inhibitors was accompanied by an activation of the JNK MAPK pathway, as shown by the phosphorylation levels of these kinases and by AP‐1 binding, but only in 1,25 D3‐treated cells. This shows that an up‐regulation of the JNK stress pathway during 1,25 D3‐induced monocytic differentiation occurs selectively in this lineage of differentiation and is not necessary for the expression of the differentiated phenotype. J. Cell. Biochem. 82: 68–77, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extracting hydration sites around proteins from explicit water simulations
Authors: Henchman Richard H. , McCammon J. Andrew 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTwo new methods are assessed for determining the location of hydration sites around proteins from computer simulation. Current methods extract hydration sites from peaks in the water density constructed in the protein frame. However, the dynamic nature of the water molecules, the nearby protein residues, and the protein reference frame as a whole tend to smear out the water density, making it more difficult to resolve sites. Two techniques are introduced to better resolve the water density. The first is to construct the water density from the time‐averaged position of each water molecule in the protein frame while the water remains within a given distance of this averaged position. The second technique is to construct the water density from the time‐averaged position of each water in the reference frame only of the nearby residues. Criteria for determining hydration sites from the water density are examined. Both techniques are found to significantly improve the detail in the water density and the number of hydration sites detected. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 861–869, 2002