bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Differential Diffusion Theory for Participating Media
Authors: Cen Yunchi , Li Chen , Li Frederick W. B. , Yang Bailin , Liang Xiaohui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe present a novel approach to differentiable rendering for participating media, addressing the challenge of computing scene parameter derivatives. While existing methods focus on derivative computation within volumetric path tracing, they fail to significantly improve computational performance due to the expensive computation of multiply‐scattered light. To overcome this limitation, we propose a differential diffusion theory inspired by the classical diffusion equation. Our theory enables real‐time computation of arbitrary derivatives such as optical absorption, scattering coefficients, and anisotropic parameters of phase functions. By solving derivatives through the differential form of the diffusion equation, our approach achieves remarkable speed gains compared to Monte Carlo methods. This marks the first differentiable rendering framework to compute scene parameter derivatives based on diffusion approximation. Additionally, we derive the discrete form of diffusion equation derivatives, facilitating efficient numerical solutions. Our experimental results using synthetic and realistic images demonstrate the accurate and efficient estimation of arbitrary scene parameter derivatives. Our work represents a significant advancement in differentiable rendering for participating media, offering a practical and efficient solution to compute derivatives while addressing the limitations of existing approaches.
Data‐Driven Ink Painting Brushstroke Rendering
Authors: Madono Koki , Simo‐Serra Edgar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough digital painting has advanced much in recent years, there is still a significant divide between physically drawn paintings and purely digitally drawn paintings. These differences arise due to the physical interactions between the brush, ink, and paper, which are hard to emulate in the digital domain. Most ink painting approaches have focused on either using heuristics or physical simulation to attempt to bridge the gap between digital and analog, however, these approaches are still unable to capture the diversity of painting effects, such as ink fading or blotting, found in the real world. In this work, we propose a data‐driven approach to generate ink paintings based on a semi‐automatically collected high‐quality real‐world ink painting dataset. We use a multi‐camera robot‐based setup to automatically create a diversity of ink paintings, which allows for capturing the entire process in high resolution, including capturing detailed brush motions and drawing results. To ensure high‐quality capture of the painting process, we calibrate the setup and perform occlusion‐aware blending to capture all the strokes in high resolution in a robust and efficient way. Using our new dataset, we propose a recursive deep learning‐based model to reproduce the ink paintings stroke by stroke while capturing complex ink painting effects such as bleeding and mixing. Our results corroborate the fidelity of the proposed approach to real hand‐drawn ink paintings in comparison with existing approaches. We hope the availability of our dataset will encourage new research on digital realistic ink painting techniques.
Dissection Puzzles Composed of Multicolor Polyominoes
Authors: Kita N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDissection puzzles leverage geometric dissections, wherein a set of puzzle pieces can be reassembled in various configurations to yield unique geometric figures. Mathematically, a dissection between two 2D polygons can always be established. Consequently, researchers and puzzle enthusiasts strive to design unique dissection puzzles using the fewest pieces feasible. In this study, we introduce novel dissection puzzles crafted with multi‐colored polyominoes. Diverging from the traditional aim of establishing geometric dissection between two 2D polygons with the minimal piece count, we seek to identify a common pool of polyomino pieces with colored faces that can be configured into multiple distinct shapes and appearances. Moreover, we offer a method to identify an optimized sequence for rearranging pieces from one form to another, thus minimizing the total relocation distance. This approach can guide users in puzzle assembly and lessen their physical exertion when manually reconfiguring pieces. It could potentially also decrease power consumption when pieces are reorganized using robotic assistance. We showcase the efficacy of our proposed approach through a wide range of shapes and appearances.
3D Object Tracking for Rough Models
Authors: Song Xiuqiang , Xie Weijian , Li Jiachen , Wang Nan , Zhong Fan , Zhang Guofeng , Qin Xueying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVisual monocular 6D pose tracking methods for textureless or weakly‐textured objects heavily rely on contour constraints established by the precise 3D model. However, precise models are not always available in reality, and rough models can potentially degrade tracking performance and impede the widespread usage of 3D object tracking. To address this new problem, we propose a novel tracking method that handles rough models. We reshape the rough contour through the probability map, which can avoid explicitly processing the 3D rough model itself. We further emphasize the inner region information of the object, where the points are sampled to provide color constrains. To sufficiently satisfy the assumption of small displacement between frames, the 2D translation of the object is pre‐searched for a better initial pose. Finally, we combine constraints from both the contour and inner region to optimize the object pose. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance on both roughly and precisely modeled objects. Particularly for the highly rough model, the accuracy is significantly improved (40.4% v.s. 16.9%).
A Post Processing Technique to Automatically Remove Floater Artifacts in Neural Radiance Fields
Authors: Wirth T. , Rak A. , Knauthe V. , Fellner D. W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeural Radiance Fields have revolutionized Novel View Synthesis by providing impressive levels of realism. However, in most in‐the‐wild scenes they suffer from floater artifacts that occur due to sparse input images or strong view‐dependent effects. We propose an approach that uses neighborhood based clustering and a consistency metric on NeRF models trained on different scene scales to identify regions that contain floater artifacts based on Instant‐NGPs multiscale occupancy grids. These occupancy grids contain the position of relevant optical densities in the scene. By pruning the regions that we identified as containing floater artifacts, they are omitted during the rendering process, leading to higher quality resulting images. Our approach has no negative runtime implications for the rendering process and does not require retraining of the underlying Multi Layer Perceptron. We show on a qualitative base, that our approach is suited to remove floater artifacts while preserving most of the scenes relevant geometry. Furthermore, we conduct a comparison to state‐of‐the‐art techniques on the Nerfbusters dataset, that was created with measuring the implications of floater artifacts in mind. This comparison shows, that our method outperforms currently available techniques. Our approach does not require additional user input, but can be be used in an interactive manner. In general, the presented approach is applicable to every architecture that uses an explicit representation of a scene's occupancy distribution to accelerate the rendering process.
Surgical correction of chronic penile retroversion through a castration incision in a horse
Authors: Loyd Avery F. , Husby Kirsty A. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThis is a clinical case report describing the surgical correction of a penis retroverted through a scrotal castration site fistula of at least 4 months duration. The penile retroversion was not observed in the immediate post‐operative period or for the first 2 months of ownership by the owner. Surgical correction involved breaking down adhesions, replacing the penis into its proper anatomic position and debriding and closing the scrotal fistula. The gelding was discharged 1 day post‐operatively without any complications. Follow‐up communication with the owner revealed no apparent concerns with surgical site healing or abnormalities in ability to urinate long‐term.
Physiological roles of human interleukin‐17 family
Authors: Liu Yucong , Ouyang Ye , You Wanchun , Liu Wenqi , Cheng Yufan , Mai Xinming , Shen Zhu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInterleukin‐17 s (IL‐17s) are well‐known proinflammatory cytokines, and their antagonists perform excellently in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis. However, their physiological functions have not been given sufficient attention by clinicians. IL‐17s can protect the host from extracellular pathogens, maintain epithelial integrity, regulate cognitive processes and modulate adipocyte activity through distinct mechanisms. Here, we present a systematic review concerning the physiological functions of IL‐17s. Our goal is not to negate the therapeutic effect of IL‐17 antagonists, but to ensure their safe use and reasonably explain the possible adverse events that may occur in their application.
„Der Lettern Heer, durch deren Erzt man lauter spricht“: Stimmenamplifikation und die Dialektik der Aufklärung in Gottscheds „Jubelode auf das dritte Jahrhundert der edlen Buchdruckerkunst“
Authors: Brass Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDer Aufsatz untersucht, wie Gottscheds „Jubelode auf das dritte Jahrhundert der edlen Buchdruckerkunst“, 1740 zum 300. Jubiläum gedruckt, den Buchdruck mit beweglichen Lettern als Distributionsmedium für Wissen und Tugend feiert – und dabei daran mitarbeitet, dass Aufklärung in Mythos zurückschlägt. Zum einen inszeniert der Text den Buchdruck als Wunderwaffe im Kulturkrieg mit Frankreich und fordert die Deutschen dazu auf, ihn als Propagandamaschine sowie als deutschen Mythos zu instrumentalisieren, um einen kollektiven Minderwertigkeitskomplex zu heilen. Zum anderen macht die Ode selbst von einer kommunikativen Asymmetrie und einer Amplifikation der gedruckten Stimme Gebrauch, wie hier im Dialog mit medientheoretischen Auseinandersetzungen mit der Gattung, der Aufklärung und der akustischen Propaganda des Nationalsozialismus argumentiert wird. Anhand eines close reading einer wenig bekannten Ode sowie einer Rede Gottscheds zum selben Anlass beleuchtet der Beitrag eine Verbindung, die zwei Jahrhunderte nach der „Jubelode“ Horkheimer und Adorno andeuten, wenn sie das Radio als die „sublimierte Druckerpresse“ bezeichnen.
Vat‐photopolymerization‐based complex ceramic: Optimization of slurry, printing process, and postprocessing parameters
Authors: Kong Dekun , Guo Anfu , Wu Hailong , Zhou Xiaoyan , Li Xunjin , Qu Peng , Wang Shaoqing , Han Wenchao , Xiang Guo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVat photopolymerization is an effective and economical method for preparing ceramic specimens with complex structures. However, the improper selection of process parameters during the preparation process limits the scope of its application. In this study, the most suitable shear rate was determined based on the solid content and rheological properties of the ceramic slurry. In addition, the specific printing‐process parameters were objectively selected, and the gray correlation method was used to determine the improved weight resolution coefficient through orthogonal experiments combined with the entropy weight method to select the most suitable printing parameters. Finally, the main debinding and sintering parameters that affect the heat treatment performance were considered, and multiple characterization methods were used to detect the specimens and study the impact of parameter changes on specimen performance. The experimental results show that when the laser power is 210 mW, the slice layer thickness is .04 mm, the scanning spacing is .05 mm, and the filling mode is XY, the green bodies have the best forming quality. When the sintering temperature is 1600°C, and the holding time is 4 h, the specimens have the best mechanical properties (the flexural strength reaches 114 MPa).
Deficiencies in reporting inclusion/exclusion criteria and characteristics of patients in randomized controlled trials of therapeutic interventions in pressure injuries: a systematic methodological review
Authors: Miranda Jéssica Steffany , Abbade Luciana P. F. , Abbade Joelcio Francisco , Thabane Lehana , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Pascon Gisele Chicone , Campanili Ticiane Carolina Gonçalves Faustino , Santos Larissa Paula , de Gouveia Santos Vera Lúcia Conceição 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWound care is a complex procedure and the related research may include many variables. Deficiencies in the sample inclusion and exclusion criteria may limit the generalizability of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for wound patients in the real world. This study aimed to evaluate deficiencies in reporting the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the characteristics of patients in RCTs of pressure injuries (PI) therapeutic interventions. We conducted a systematic methodological review in which 40 full text RCTs of PI treatment interventions published in English, from 2008 to 2020, were identified. Data on the general characteristics of the included RCTs and data about inclusion/exclusion criteria and characteristics of patients were collected. The inclusion/exclusion criteria were categorized into five domains (definition of disease, precision, safety, ethical/legal and administrative). Study duration (in weeks) was 8.0 (quartile 1: 2.0; quartile 3: 48.0); only 5.0% of the trials mentioned race, skin colour or ethnicity, and 37.5% reported the duration of the wound. Only 9 (22.5%) studies reported the drugs that the included patients were using and 10 (25.0%) RCTs reported adverse events. The presence of the five domains was observed only in 12.5% of RCTs and only 12 (30.0%) had the precision domain. Much more research is required in systematic assessments of the external validity of trials because there is substantial disparity between the information that is provided by RCTs and the information that is required by clinicians. We concluded that there are deficiencies in reporting of data related to inclusion/exclusion criteria and characteristics of patients of RCTs assessing PI therapeutic interventions.
The origin of microstructural inhomogeneity in vacuum‐sintered ZrO2‐doped Lu2O3 transparent ceramics
Authors: Ren Yi , Li Xiaodong , Mu Haojie , Zhu Qi , Zhang Mu , Sun Xudong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHighly transparent Lu2O3 ceramics were prepared by using co‐precipitation combined with vacuum sintering method with ZrO2 as sintering aid. The effect of ZrO2 on densification, transmittance, and microstructure evolution of the Lu2O3 ceramics was carefully studied. It was found that the addition of ZrO2 was very effective in improving densification of Lu2O3. The highest transmittance (at 600 nm) of the 3 at.% ZrO2 doped Lu2O3 ceramic (1.6‐mm thickness) sintered at 1800°C reached 80.1%. Microstructural inhomogeneity was found after vacuum sintering with larger grain sizes at the central. The microstructural inhomogeneity mainly occurred in the final stage of sintering. Doping ZrO2 mitigated microstructural inhomogeneity and decreased markedly the grain size of Lu2O3 ceramics. Raman measurements indicated that the disordered structure was formed due to oxygen vacancy, and the oxygen vacancy concentration at the central was higher than at the peripheral. The oxygen vacancy concentration gradient is the dominant factor governing nonuniform microstructure evolution during vacuum sintering. Furthermore, a uniform microstructure was obtained by the inhibition of oxygen vacancy formation by the Lu2O3/ZrO2 double powder bed.
The reported experiences of internationally qualified nurses in aged care: A scoping review
Authors: Sheehy Louise , Crawford Tonia , River Jo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo examine the experiences of internationally qualified nurses, including those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, transitioning to and working in the aged care sector of high‐income countries.DesignA scoping review.Data SourcesCINAHL, MEDLINE and PSychINFO databases were searched to find eligible literature published from January 2010 onwards.Review MethodsThis scoping review was based on the framework by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. The literature search was conducted by the first author, and all three authors reviewed the retrieved studies for eligibility and inclusion.ResultsFourteen articles were eligible. Data was categorized into three broad themes: stress of migration and transition; miscommunication, racism and discrimination; and aged care specific challenges which included two sub‐themes ‘shock of aged care’ and ‘bottom care’.ConclusionInternationally qualified nurses, particularly if they are culturally and linguistically diverse, face unique stresses and challenges in aged care and face barriers in the recognition of skills and qualifications. The under‐utilization of skills is not only a loss in terms of patient care but is linked to fears of de‐skilling, losing professional development and opportunities for career progression.ImpactInternationally qualified nurses are positioned as a solution to aged care shortages in high‐income countries; however, there is a scarcity of research exploring their experiences. In the context of the global aged care staffing crisis, an understanding of the stresses and challenges faced by internationally qualified nurses will further strengthen efforts to recruit, support and retain skilled nurses in aged care.
Differential effects of soil conservation practices on arthropods and crop yields
Authors: Lichtenberg Elinor M. , Milosavljević Ivan , Campbell Alistair J. , Crowder David W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany agricultural management tactics, such as reduced tillage, aim to promote biodiversity and ecosystem services. Responses to such tactics can be context dependent, however, and differentially impact (i) functional groups of service‐providing organisms and (ii) crop yields. In canola (Brassica napus L., B. rapa L.) crop fields, we assessed how soil tillage and landscape context (amount of semi‐natural habitat within 1 km of each field) affected arthropod biodiversity and crop yield. We assessed effects of full (multiple tillage passes that leave soil surface bare), intermediate (tilled once and some stubble remains), or no (seed planted directly into last year's stubble) tillage on functional groups with unique diets and reproductive strategies: (i) herbivores, (ii) kleptoparasites, (iii) parasitoids, (iv) pollinators, and (v) predators. Effects of tillage and landscape context on arthropod abundance and diversity varied across functional groups. Pollinators responded strongest to tillage, benefitting from intermediate tillage. Predators and herbivores responded strongly to landscape context, as both were more abundant in landscapes with more semi‐natural habitat. Our results suggest that natural history differences among functional groups mediate effects of landscape context on biodiversity. However, variation in arthropod communities had little effect on canola crop yield. The effects of soil management practices on aboveground arthropods are complex, and practices thought to increase some aspects of agricultural sustainability may not be beneficial in other contexts. Identifying practices such as intermediate tillage that may increase soil quality and arthropod diversity is a key to designing agricultural ecosystems that will effectively benefit both biodiversity and human well‐being.
Use of low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance for moisture variation analysis of fresh in‐shell peanut during different drying methods
Authors: Chen Pengxiao , Li Yu , Jiang Mengmeng , Zhu Wenxue , Wang Dianxuan , Chen Liang , Zhang Runyang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn exploring the law of heat transfer and water diffusion of peanut, low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF‐NMR) was used to analyze moisture migration in peanuts subjected to hot air drying (HAD), infrared drying (IRD), and sequential hot air‐infrared drying (HAD‐IRD) at 40, 50, 60, and 70°C. In HAD and IRD, free water was removed first, and some of free water was converted into loosely bound water. In HAD‐IRD, free water and loosely bound water were primarily removed. Regression models were used to predict changes of free water in peanuts. Based on MRI, the binding force on water decreases with the increase of temperature, and water migration from the inside to the outside is accelerated. HAD‐IRD can promote the removal of free water and the conversion of bound water into more easily removable water. This study revealed that HAD‐IRD can effectively reduce the drying time compared with HAD and IRD. Moreover, LF‐NMR can be an effective tool for detecting moisture changes in peanuts. The research results provide guidance for the selection of peanut processing technique.Practical applicationsDrying is an important food processing and preservation method based on the principle of reducing the moisture content of materials. Our study shows that HAD‐IRD is a superior, feasible drying method, as compared with other published works. This drying method removes a large amount of free water by hot air in the early stage and removes the remaining water by radiant heating in the later stage, which achieves rapid dehydration and greatly reduces the drying time. By identifying the moisture migration mechanism of the three drying methods, this study improves the drying theory and provides a theoretical basis for drying in the peanut processing industry.
Cholinesterase inhibitors and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and the risk of peptic ulcers: A self‐controlled study
Authors: Szilcz Máté , Wastesson Jonas W. , Calderón‐Larrañaga Amaia , Prieto‐Alhambra Daniel , Blotière Pierre‐Olivier , Maura Géric , Johnell Kristina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be used with caution in adults aged 65 years and older. Their gastrointestinal adverse event risk might be further reinforced when using concomitant cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs). We aimed to investigate the association between NSAIDs and ChEI use and the risk of peptic ulcers in adults aged 65 years and older.MethodsRegister‐based self‐controlled case series study including adults ≥65 years with a new prescription of ChEIs and NSAIDs, diagnosed with incident peptic ulcer in Sweden, 2007–2020. We identified persons from the Total Population Register individually linked to several nationwide registers. We estimated the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of peptic ulcer with a conditional Poisson regression model for four mutually exclusive risk periods: use of ChEIs, NSAIDs, and the combination of ChEIs and NSAIDs, compared with the non‐treatment in the same individual. Risk periods were identified based on the prescribed daily dose, extracted via a text‐parsing algorithm, and a 30‐day grace period.ResultsOf 70,060 individuals initiating both ChEIs and NSAIDs, we identified 1500 persons with peptic ulcer (median age at peptic ulcer 80 years), of whom 58% were females. Compared with the non‐treatment periods, the risk of peptic ulcer substantially increased for the combination of ChEIs and NSAIDs (IRR: 9.0, [6.8–11.8]), more than for NSAIDs alone (5.2, [4.4–6.0]). No increased risks were found for the use of ChEIs alone (1.0, [0.9–1.2]).DiscussionWe found that the risk of peptic ulcer associated with the concomitant use of NSAIDs and ChEIs was over and beyond the risk associated with NSAIDs alone. Our results underscore the importance of carefully considering the risk of peptic ulcers when co‐prescribing NSAIDs and ChEIs to adults aged 65 years and older.