bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of sarcopenia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with morbid obesity
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Abovyan A. A. , Mezhunts A. V. , Orekhov A. A. , Karukes R. V. , Rogut A. A. , Khitaryan V. A. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most popular bariatric procedures. However, the Impact of alimentary and biliopancreatic loops lengths on the results of Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass with a maximum restrictive component remains insufficiently studied.Aim. To compare the long-term results of RYGB with a maximum restrictive component at different lengths of alimentary and biliopancreatic loops.Materials and methods. Our retrospective study included 170 patients: 98 (57.6%) in the group with long alimentary and biliopancreatic loops, 72 (42.4%) in the group with short loops. Follow-up examinations were carried out with a follow-up period of at least 24 months (median follow-up 38 months). In the first group, the lengths of the alimentary and biliopancreatic loops were 150 and 100 cm, in the second group – 100 and 60 cm respectively. In the preoperative period, all patients underwent a standard set of examinations with an obligatory determination of the skeletal muscle mass index using the bioelectrical impedance analysis. The size of the gastroenteroanastomosis was assessed 12 months after surgery using fibrogastroscopy.Results. Both groups showed good results in weight loss and control of associated diseases. The prevalence of moderate sarcopenia in the group of RYGB with long loops was 24.5% (19.4% in the preoperative period), severe sarcopenia was observed in 3% of the subjects (initially severe sarcopenia was not detected in any patient). In the group of RYGB with short loops, the incidence of sarcopenia increased from 13 to 16% (the difference is statistically insignificant). No pronounced sarcopenia was detected in this group after surgery.Conclusion. If patients have signs of moderate sarcopenia according to bioelectrical impedance analysis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as in the elderly, it is advisable to perform RYGB with a minimal malabsorptive and maximum restrictive component.
Acute bronchitis: issues and options
Authors: Zaitsev A. A. , Filon E. A. , Budoragin I. E. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Acute bronchitis (AB) is a very common disease of viral etiology. In real-life practice, the treatment of AB is associated with widespread irrational antibiotic prescribing, which requires the overall implementation of patient management algorithms comprising the identification of biomarkers of inflammation, including C-reactive protein. Mucoactive therapy remains the mainstay of treatment for patients with AB, however the debate over the most effective treatments continues to this day. The emergence of new original drugs, in particular, Erdosteine, expands efficient therapeutic opportunities for AB.Aim. To analyse the clinical effectiveness of the use of the mucoactive agent Erdostein (Edomari) vs routine use of mucolytics in AB.Materials and methods. We reviewed the management of 60 patients with AB, 30 of which received Erdosteine (Group 1), the remaining 30 patients received standard mucoactive therapy (Acetylcysteine, Ambroxol, etc.). The following variables were assessed: the time required for reversal of all symptoms of the disease expressed as a total BSS scale score (Bronchitis Severity Score), the time required for reversal of productive cough that needs the use of mucolytics, the period of temporary disability, and levels of C-reactive protein.Results and discussion. The average CRP level at disease onset was 18.4 ± 8.2 mg/L. The average WBC count was 7.8 ± 3.5 (×109/l). In AB, the duration of productive cough in the Erdosteine group was 5.7 ± 1.4 days, while in group 2 (real-life practice) the duration of mucolytics therapy was 7.1 ± 1.3 days (p < 0.05). The total BSS scale score in group 1 on day 7 was 3.2 ± 0.9, in group 2 – 3.5 ± 0.9. The reversal of physical signs of AB required 5.3 ± 1.2 days in the Erdosteine group, and 5.7 ± 1.4 days in group 2. The period of temporary disability in group 1 was 8.7 ± 1.2 days, in group 2 – 9.1 ± 1.3 days.Conclusion. Thus, we collected objective data supporting the possibility of using C-reactive protein test in deciding the issue of antimicrobial therapy prescribing. The CRP level observed (18.4 ± 8.2 mg/l) indicated a viral etiology of AB. The use of original Erdosteine (Edomari) in the treatment of acute bronchitis is estimated as highly effective. The average duration of effective mucolytics therapy in AB is 5–7 days.
A Comprehensive Review of Alternative Therapeutic Approaches for Nausea
and Vomiting Relief in Pregnancy
Authors: Panchal Manish , Rana Priyakshi , Garg Nitika , Dhankhar Sanchit , Sharma Himanshu , Chauhan Samrat 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Alternative medication is used for treating the common problems associated with pregnancy. 80% of women suffer from morning sickness during
pregnancy. Treatment during pregnancy via using non-pharmacological therapy is quite popular all over the world as it is safe and has no negative
effects on the fetus. Nausea and vomiting are one of the most prominent problems faced by pregnant women. Acupressure and Aromatherapy have
been used by pregnant ladies nowadays for relieving nausea and vomiting symptoms. Conventional therapies also aid in medication of morning
sickness in pregnancy duration that covers drugs like Antiemetics, Corticosteroids, Antihistaminic, IV fluids and Vitamin-B6 supplements. Many
scientific studies have demonstrated that few drugs that come under conventional treatment cause severe birth defects and stillbirth. This is the
leading reason pregnant women prefer to use herbs instead of using conventional medical treatment. The prospective of this review article is to find
out the alternative and conventional therapeutic approaches for alleviating the symptoms of morning sickness during pregnancy.
Turnas ezeru grupas limnonīmi: cilme, varianti, mainība
Authors: Jansone Ilga 
Published: December 2023

Rakstā analizēti deviņi Turnas ezeru grupas limnonīmi, kuru oficiālie nosaukumi ir Valdis (Valžezers), Kukris, Rūķis, Vircēlis, Andums, Vēršādiņa, Zūdainis, Trūdis un Mīzums. Avotos sastopama plaša šo ezeru nosaukumu variantu daudzveidība. Četru ezeru nosaukumi atrodami jau 17. gadsimta zviedru kartēs, taču par lielāko daļu nosaukumu informācija pieejama tikai no 20. gadsimta 20.-30. gadiem. Gandrīz visu limnonīmu izcelsme ir problemātiska. Tiek piedāvāti vairāki iespējamie cilmes skaidrojumi. Tā kā visi Turnas ezeru grupas ezeri atrodas salīdzinoši tuvu viens otram, tad raksturīga ir arī nosaukumu sajaukšanās, kad dažādiem ezeriem dažādos avotos tiek piedēvēts viens un tas pats nosaukums.
The Latvian Lord’s Prayer, Two Folk Songs and Some Phrases by Johann Arnold Brand from 1673 Revised
Authors: Kazakėnaitė Ernesta , Thies Felix 
Published: December 2023

This article provides an insight into the Latvian material published in Reysen (1702) by professor of law Johann Arnold Brand (1647–1691). It was recorded during his stay in the Latvian-speaking area in October 1673. The Latvian material includes a Lord’s Prayer, two folk songs, a sentence, some words and a glossary of travel phrases. An analysis of this material makes it clear that none of the Latvian texts had a printed source, but that they reflect the living usage of the period. Brand himself did not speak Latvian, so he must have had informants. However, the spelling of the texts is without a parallel within the Old Latvian tradition. Thus, it remains an open question whether the informants dictated or wrote down the text, as there are no indisputable arguments for or against.
Efficacy and Safety of Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Interventional Evidence
Authors: Seidu Samuel , Kunutsor Setor K. , Ajjan Ramzi A. , Choudhary Pratik 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Traditional diabetes self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) involves inconvenient finger pricks. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM) systems offer CGM, enhancing type 2 diabetes (T2D) management with convenient, comprehensive data.

PURPOSE
To assess the benefits and potential harms of CGM and isCGM compared with usual care or SMBG in individuals with T2D.

DATA SOURCES
We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and bibliographies up to August 2023.

STUDY SELECTION
We analyzed studies meeting these criteria: randomized controlled trials (RCT) with comparison of at least two interventions for ≥8 weeks in T2D patients, including CGM in real-time/retrospective mode, short-/long-term CGM, isCGM, and SMBG, reporting glycemic and relevant data.

DATA EXTRACTION
We used a standardized data collection form, extracting details including author, year, study design, baseline characteristics, intervention, and outcomes.

DATA SYNTHESIS
We included 26 RCTs (17 CGM and 9 isCGM) involving 2,783 patients with T2D (CGM 632 vs. usual care/SMBG 514 and isCGM 871 vs. usual care/SMBG 766). CGM reduced HbA1c (mean difference −0.19% [95% CI −0.34, −0.04]) and glycemic medication effect score (−0.67 [−1.20 to −0.13]), reduced user satisfaction (−0.54 [−0.98, −0.11]), and increased the risk of adverse events (relative risk [RR] 1.22 [95% CI 1.01, 1.47]). isCGM reduced HbA1c by −0.31% (−0.46, −0.17), increased user satisfaction (0.44 [0.29, 0.59]), improved CGM metrics, and increased the risk of adverse events (RR 1.30 [0.05, 1.62]). Neither CGM nor isCGM had a significant impact on body composition, blood pressure, or lipid levels.

LIMITATIONS
Limitations include small samples, single-study outcomes, population variations, and uncertainty for younger adults. Additionally, inclusion of &lt;10 studies for most end points restricted comprehensive analysis, and technological advancements over time need to be considered.

CONCLUSIONS
Both CGM and isCGM demonstrated a reduction in HbA1c levels in individuals with T2D, and unlike CGM, isCGM use was associated with improved user satisfaction. The impact of these devices on body composition, blood pressure, and lipid levels remains unclear, while both CGM and isCGM use were associated with increased risk of adverse events.
Low-Dose Antithymocyte Globulin: A Pragmatic Approach to Treating Stage 2 Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Foster Timothy P. , Jacobsen Laura M. , Bruggeman Brittany , Salmon Chelsea , Hosford Jennifer , Chen Angela , Cintron Miriam , Mathews Clayton E. , Wasserfall Clive , Brusko Maigan A. , Brusko Todd M. , Atkinson Mark A. , Schatz Desmond A. , Haller Michael J. 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
Low-dose antithymocyte globulin (ATG) (2.5 mg/kg) preserves C-peptide and reduces HbA1c in new-onset stage 3 type 1 diabetes, yet efficacy in delaying progression from stage 2 to stage 3 has not been evaluated.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Children (n = 6) aged 5–14 years with stage 2 type 1 diabetes received off-label, low-dose ATG. HbA1c, C-peptide, continuous glucose monitoring, insulin requirements, and side effects were followed for 18–48 months.

RESULTS
Three subjects (50%) remained diabetes free after 1.5, 3, and 4 years of follow-up, while three developed stage 3 within 1–2 months after therapy. Eighteen months posttreatment, even disease progressors demonstrated near-normal HbA1c (5.1% [32 mmol/mol], 5.6% [38 mmol/mol], and 5.3% [34 mmol/mol]), time in range (93%, 88%, and 98%), low insulin requirements (0.17, 0.18, and 0.34 units/kg/day), and robust C-peptide 90 min after mixed meal (1.3 ng/dL, 2.3 ng/dL, and 1.4 ng/dL).

CONCLUSIONS
These observations support additional prospective studies evaluating ATG in stage 2 type 1 diabetes.
O realismo fisicalista no atomismo contemporâneo pré-quântico
Authors: Simões Eduardo 
Published: December 2023

ResumoO presente artigo é parte de uma trilogia que versará sobre a historiografia do atomismo nos séculos XIX e XX. A proposta geral do projeto é apresentar as teorias atômicas sob os seguintes prismas: i) do realismo fisicalista; ii) do antirrealismo científico; e iii) da relação entre atomismo e metafísica nesses mesmos séculos. O que ora se apresenta, portanto, é a primeira parte do primeiro tema dessa trilogia, que trata do realismo fisicalista pré-quântico. Afirma-se isso porque a segunda parte, necessariamente, há de versar sobre o realismo fisicalista no interior da própria mecânica quântica, que está atrelado às interpretações ortodoxas dessa mesma teoria. Aqui, por ora, o que apresentamos como realismo fisicalista, fixa-se na concepção histórica de uma ciência Física que acredita na realidade dos objetos em si, de que eles existem, e cuja existência independe da nossa mente. Essa parece ter sido a postura interpretativa das teorias aqui expostas, que admitem a existência do mundo fora das nossas mentes, mas que veem como imprescindível a atuação da razão no deciframento da própria realidade.Palavras-chave: atomismo, realismo, Física, séculos XIX e XX. AbstractThis article is part of a trilogy that will deal with the historiography of atomism in the 19th and 20th centuries. The general proposal of the project is to present atomic theories under the following points of view: i) physicalist realism; ii) scientific anti-realism; and iii) the relationship between atomism and metaphysics in those same centuries. What is now presented, therefore, is the first part of the first theme of this trilogy, which deals with pre-quantum physicalist realism. This is stated because the second part, necessarily, must deal with physicalist realism within quantum mechanics itself, which is linked to the orthodox interpretations of that same theory. Here, for now, what we present as physicalist realism is fixed on the historical conception of a Physical science that believes in the reality of the objects themselves, that they exist, and whose existence is independent of our mind. This seems to have been the interpretive stance of the theories exposed here, which admit the existence of the world outside our minds, but which see the role of reason in deciphering reality itself as essential.Keywords: atomism, realism, physics, 19th and 20th centuries.
As veias continuam abertas: o rompimento da barragem de Fundão/MG e o modus operandi da Samarco (Vale/BHP Billiton)
Authors: Rojas Claudia Marcela Orduz , Pereira Doralice Barros 
Published: December 2023

Em cinco de novembro de 2015, a barragem de rejeitos de Fundão, de propriedade da Samarco (Vale/BHP Billiton), rompeu, deixando 19 mortos, milhares de atingidos e um rastro de destruição ao longo da Bacia do Rio Doce. A partir desse contexto catastrófico, objetivamos compreender o modus operandi acionado pelas corporações responsáveis para gerir a crise provocada. Concluímos que as mineradoras têm administrado o desastre sob um leque de estratégias que privilegiam arranjos institucionais e judiciais. Tais arranjos revelam um “inédito” e ambicioso programa econômico que inaugura a ascensão do capitalismo de desastres no Brasil.
Penerapan Teknologi Game Education sebagai Media Pembelajaraan pada Siswa Difabel
Authors: Fiati Rina 
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dari kegiatan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat yaitu penerapan teknologi tepat guna untuk mendukung pembelajaran interaktif pada anak tuna rungu. Selain itu dapat memberikan kemudahan dalam menerima pelajaran yang diberikan oleh guru yang berhubungan dengan bahasa dan komunikasi. Metode pelaksanaan melalui pendampingan ddengan memberikan pelatihan pengucapan bahasa isyarat dengan penerapan game education. Lokasi kegiatan dilaksanakan di SD Luar Biasa Cendono Kab.Kudus. Hasil dari kegiatan melatih anak tuna rungu untuk tidak ketergantungan pada orang lain. Pengucapan huruf A-Z dan angka 0-10 dengan disertai peragaan telunjuk jari-jari tangan, dan diperoleh anak-anak tuna rungu dapat mengucapkan meskipun agak tesengal-sengal karena memang faktor kecacatan lahir. Selain itu kegiatan ini mewujudkan kesetaraan pendidikan pada semua anak, sesuai dengan Millenium Development Goal’s (MDGs).
Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Friction Stir Welded and Tungsten Inert Gas Welded Phosphor Bronze
Authors: Gopi S. , Mohan Dhanesh G. , Natarajan Elango 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the mechanical and corrosion properties of Friction Stir Welded (FSW) and Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welded phosphor bronze (CuSn4) joints. Corrosion tests were conducted on the welded joints, and the percentage of weight loss due to corrosion was measured at different time intervals. Results revealed that the percentage of weight loss due to corrosion of the TIG joint increased with time, whereas the percentage of weight loss due to corrosion of the FSW welded joint remained constant. This could be attributed to recrystallisation that happened in the solid-state welding, which reduced corrosion in the FSW welded joint. In addition, tensile tests were conducted to evaluate the strength of the joints. FSW with a spindle speed of 1300 rpm, weld speed of 0.06mm/sec, plunge depth of 0.25mm, pin profile of pentagon, and flat shoulder profile was found to produce good results. TIG welding with a welding speed of 1.75mm/sec, a gas flow rate of 7.5 cm3/min and an amperage of 120A also produced good results. The tensile strength of FSW was found to be approximately 1.6 times higher than that of TIG welding.
Research on Design Concept and Cultural Inheritance System of Tourism Cultural and Creative Products in the Context of Deep Learning
Authors: Yu Ying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the design process of cultural and creative product design is first constructed in the context of deep learning and the categories of cultural idea factors are planned. The training of the network for the image extraction classification task is accelerated due to the deep learning model’s fitting ability. Secondly, the 3D virtual intelligence algorithm is applied to use the point cloud as the basis for reconstruction in order to generate a highly reproducible object surface model. Finally, the K-means algorithm is employed to obtain the final extracted color, which constitutes the technical foundation of the product design system. The final results show that the color matching degree reaches 8.91, while the image design level reaches 9.24, which illustrates the effectiveness of the tourism cultural and creative product design system under deep learning.
Exploring the Research on Media Communication Strategies of Public Welfare and Charity Organizations in the Context of Social Governance Innovation
Authors: Yang Qiwei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the context of social governance innovation, the integration and sharing of information are studied through the construction of an information-sharing platform. The process of interpreting the evolution of new media information dissemination includes analyzing the characteristics and laws of information dissemination on various platforms. Based on the existing scale of public welfare charities, the kinetic evolution equation of the public welfare information dissemination model is established to describe the dissemination process of public welfare information and its influencing factors. The impact of media intervention on the final scale of public welfare information dissemination is analyzed using the collected Facebook dataset as the background, and it is found that the higher the media credibility is at t = 4, the public welfare information attracts media attention. After the release of public interest information, the immunity node began to show a gradual upward trend, reaching a maximum of 1.0. Indicating that after the media release of public interest information, the final scale of dissemination of public interest information increases.
Analysis of Innovative Talent Cultivation Strategy of Vocational Education under the Strategy of Developing the Country through Science and Education Based on Big Data Investigation
Authors: Zhang Yiyin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper is based on the big data survey under the strategy of science and education to develop the country and analyze the talent job skill demand. According to the social demand for education and the characteristics of the student source to design and formulate the talent training structure, through the cultivation of talents and social demand for game analysis, using linear programming methods to establish the game model of talent training mode. Game theory equilibrium theory can be used to solve on the basis of benefit function. The results of the teaching quality monitoring and evaluation system show that the students in this school achieved 9.7 in innovation consciousness and 9.5 in practical ability. The one-time signing rate reached 8.9, and the employment rate reached 7.7. It verifies that the talent cultivation strategy proposed in this paper can improve the quality, reduce the cost of talent cultivation of the enterprises and improve the practicability of the talents.
Color green and sustainable consumption behavior: A self-expansion perspective
Authors: Sun Hongyuan , Wu Zhongda 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The existing literature on color psychology has focused on the cognitive and perceptual processes of colors. However, few researchers have explored the potential role of colors in shaping people’s environmental decision-making and behavior, a crucial issue related to sustainable development. Indeed, recent research has documented the salient effects of colors on consumers’ decision-making and purchasing behavior. Drawing upon the self-expansion theory, this study aims to investigate an interactive effect of people’s color green preference and their nature exposure experiences on sustainable consumption behavior, as well as the mediating mechanism of nature-connectedness. By conducting a survey study (N = 400), we found evidence of a significant interactive effect of color-green preference and nature exposure experiences on nature connectedness, which, in turn, promoted sustainable consumption behavior. This study extends research in color psychology by exploring how people’s preference for green colors could shape their sustainable consumption behavior. Also, it contributes to the literature on environmental behavior by understanding a self-expansion process of when and why green-preferred individuals consume in an environment-friendly manner.
Exploration of Computer Teaching Reform in Colleges and Universities under the Background of Informatization
Authors: Luo Wei , Wang Qi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Computer teaching in colleges and universities under the background of informationization is developing rapidly, but the teaching mode still has more serious problems, and computer teaching reform needs to be emphasized. This paper first proposes solutions to the problems of computer teaching in colleges and universities. Secondly, it uses hierarchical analysis to construct a computer teaching evaluation system model, then carries out educational information data mining through the DMOTE method, and uses C4.5 to optimize the model of DMOTE. Setting up a controlled experiment to analyze the students’ performance after receiving teaching reform, most of the students in the experimental group scored in the two segments of 80-89 and 90 or more, accounting for 60%, and the number of students scoring less than 60 points was less, only 6%. After the reform of the computer model, the students’ performance improvement is more obvious, and the reform effect is good.