bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug‐eluting stent task force: Final report and recommendations of the working committees on cost‐effectiveness/economics, access to care, and medicolegal issues
Authors: Hodgson John McB. , Bottner Randy K. , Klein Lloyd W. , Walpole Howard T. , Cohen David J. , Cutlip Donald E. , Fenninger Randolph B. , Firth Brian G. , Greenberg Dan , Kalisky Ilona , Meskan Thomas , Powell Wayne , Stone Gregg W. , Zito James P. , Clark Mary Ann 
Published: April 2004

AbstractCoronary artery disease remains a major health problem worldwide. Since introduction of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stents, much progress has been made. Percutaneous coronary intervention, however, has been limited by restenosis (repeat obstruction of arteries that have been previously treated. Introduction of drug‐eluting stents (DESs) in April 2003 was a major breakthrough in preventing restenosis. In March 2003, The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) published a position statement on the clinical implications of DESs, recommending an evidence‐based adoption strategy. Subsequently, in May 2003, SCAI formed a multidisciplinary Drug Eluting Stent (DES) Task Force to address the significant nonclinical ramifications posed by DESs: medicolegal, financial, and access to care. The Task Force included representatives from physician societies, industry, academia, the reimbursement community, and health policy organizations. The resultant report presents analyses, options, and recommendations regarding those nonclinical issues based on the collective experience and knowledge of the Task Force members. The Task Force trusts that this report will be of value to the diverse constituencies involved with introduction of this important new technology. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;62: 1–17. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two‐Photon Absorption in Quadrupolar π‐Conjugated Molecules: Influence of the Nature of the Conjugated Bridge and the Donor–Acceptor Separation
Authors: Zojer Egbert , Beljonne David , Pacher Peter , Brédas Jean‐Luc 
Published: April 2004

AbstractQuadrupolar‐type substitution of π‐conjugated chromophores with donor and acceptor groups has been shown to increase their two‐photon absorption (TPA) response by up to two orders of magnitude. Here, we apply highly correlated quantum‐chemical calculations to evaluate the impact of the nature of conjugated bridge and the charge‐transfer distance on that enhancement. We compare chromophores with phenylenevinylene‐, thienylenevinylene‐, polyene‐, and indenofluorene‐type backbones substituted by dimethylamino and cyano groups. In all compounds, we find a strongly TPA‐active Ag state (either 2Ag or 3Ag) in the low‐energy region, as well as a higher lying TPA‐active state (mAg) at close to twice the energy of the lowest lying one‐photon allowed state; the smaller energy detuning in the mAg states results in very large TPA cross sections δ. We also investigate the influence of the degree of ground‐state polarization on TPA. Independent of the nature of the backbone and the donor–acceptor separation, δ displays the same qualitative evolution with a maximum before the cyanine‐like limit; the highest TPA cross sections are calculated for distirylbenzene‐ and polyene‐based systems.
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal intraoperative chemotherapy after cytoreductive surgery for the treatment of abdominal sarcomatosis
Authors: Rossi Carlo Riccardo , Deraco Marcello , De Simone Michele , Mocellin Simone , Pilati Pierluigi , Foletto Mirto , Cavaliere Francesco , Kusamura Shigeki , Gronchi Alessandro , Lise Mario 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDAbdominal sarcomatosis is a rare nosologic entity with a poor prognosis. After a Phase I study on cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal intraoperative chemotherapy (HIIC), the authors reported the results of the treatment of 60 patients using this novel multimodal approach.METHODSTwenty‐nine patients had multifocal primary disease and 31 patients had recurrent abdominal sarcoma. Tumor histology was represented by visceral (n = 26 [43%]) and retroperitoneal (n = 34 [57%]) sarcoma. All patients underwent cytoreductive surgery (with no or minimal residual disease) and 90‐minute HIIC with doxorubicin (15.25 mg/L of perfusate) and cisplatin (43 mg/L). The clinical outcome and the prognostic value of 11 clinicopathologic variables were analyzed.RESULTSNo postoperative deaths occurred. The morbidity rate was 33% and the moderate to severe locoregional toxicity rate was 15%. The median time to local disease progression and the median overall survival were 22 months and 34 months, respectively. Using multivariate analysis, histologic grading and completeness of surgical cytoreduction predicted patient prognosis, indicating that both local progression‐free and overall survival were affected significantly by tumor aggressiveness and local disease control.CONCLUSIONSAlthough these results were encouraging, there was no definitive conclusion reached regarding the therapeutic activity of this locoregional treatment. In addition, the toxicity rate was substantial. In the absence of effective systemic agents, the therapeutic potential of cytoreductive surgery plus HIIC should be explored further in comparative trials. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Quantitative morphometry of hippocampal pyramidal cells: Differences between anatomical classes and reconstructing laboratories
Authors: Scorcioni Ruggero , Lazarewicz Maciej T. , Ascoli Giorgio A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe dendritic trees of hippocampal pyramidal cells play important roles in the establishment and regulation of network connectivity, synaptic plasticity, and firing dynamics. Several laboratories routinely reconstruct CA3 and CA1 dendrites to correlate their three‐dimensional structure with biophysical, electrophysiological, and anatomical observables. To integrate and assess the consistency of the quantitative data available to the scientific community, we exhaustively analyzed 143 completely reconstructed neurons intracellularly filled and digitized in five different laboratories from 10 experimental conditions. Thirty morphometric parameters, including the most common neuroanatomical measurements, were extracted from all neurons. A consistent fraction of parameters (11 of 30) was significantly different between CA3 and CA1 cells. A considerably large number of parameters was also found that discriminated among neurons within the same morphological class, but reconstructed in different laboratories. These interlaboratory differences (8 of 30 parameters) far outweighed the differences between experimental conditions within a single lab, such as aging or preparation method (at most two significant parameters). The set of morphometrics separating anatomical regions and that separating reconstructing laboratories were almost entirely nonoverlapping. CA3 and CA1 neurons could be distinguished by global quantities such as branch order and Sholl distance. Differences among laboratories were largely due to local variables such as branch diameter and local bifurcation angles. Only one parameter (a ratio of branch diameters) separated both morphological classes and reconstructing laboratories. Compartmental simulations of electrophysiological activity showed that both differences between anatomical classes and reconstructing laboratories could dramatically affect the firing rate of these neurons under different experimental conditions. J. Comp. Neurol. 473:177–193, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metastasis‐associated S100A4 (Mts1) protein is expressed in subpopulations of sensory and autonomic neurons and in Schwann cells of the adult rat
Authors: Sandelin Martin , Zabihi Sheller , Liu Li , Wicher Grzegorz , Kozlova Elena N. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractS100A4 (Mts1) is a member of a family of calcium‐binding proteins of the EF‐hand type, which are widely expressed in the nervous system, where they appear to be involved in the regulation of neuron survival, plasticity, and response to injury or disease. S100A4 has previously been demonstrated in astrocytes of the white matter and rostral migratory stream of the adult rat. After injury, S100A4 is markedly up‐regulated in affected central nervous white matter areas as well as in the periventricular area and rostral migratory stream. Here, we show that S100A4 is expressed in a subpopulation of dorsal root, trigeminal, geniculate, and nodose ganglion cells; in a subpopulation of postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons; in chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla; and in satellite and Schwann cells. In dorsal root ganglia, S100A4‐positive cells appear to constitute a subpopulation of small ganglion neurons, a few of which coexpressed calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) and Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin (GSA) isolectin B4 (B4). S100A4 protein appears to be transported from dorsal root ganglia to the spinal cord, where it is deposited in the tract of Lissauer. After peripheral nerve or dorsal root injury, a few S100A4‐positive cells coexpress CGRP, GSA, or galanin. Peripheral nerve or dorsal root injury induces a marked up‐regulation of S100A4 expression in satellite cells in the ganglion and in Schwann cells at the injury site and in the distal stump. This pattern of distribution partially overlaps that of the previously studied S100B and S100A6 proteins, indicating a possible functional cooperation between these proteins. The presence of S100A4 in sensory neurons, including their processes in the central nervous system, suggests that S100A4 is involved in propagation of sensory impulses in specific fiber types. J. Comp. Neurol. 473:233–243, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mean curvature flows and isotopy of maps between spheres
Authors: Tsui Mao‐Pei , Wang Mu‐Tao 
Published: April 2004

AbstractLet f be a smooth map between unit spheres of possibly different dimensions. We prove the global existence and convergence of the mean curvature flow of the graph of f under various conditions. A corollary is that any area‐decreasing map between unit spheres (of possibly different dimensions) is isotopic to a constant map. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Concatenation of space‐time block codes and turbo trellis coded modulation (ST‐TTCM) over Rician fading channels with imperfect phase
Authors: N. Ucan Osman , Osman Onur 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn this paper, the performance of space time‐turbo trellis coded modulation (ST‐TTCM) is evaluated over Rician and Rayleigh fading channels with imperfect phase. We modify Baum–Welch (BW) algorithm to estimate the fading and phase jitter parameters for multi‐antenna configurations. Thus, we assume that the channel parameters change slower than carrier frequency. We know that, at high data rate transmissions over wireless fading channels, space–time block codes (STBC) provide the maximal possible diversity advantage. Here, the combined effects of the amplitude and the phase of the received signal are considered, each one modelled by Rician and Tikhonov distributions, respectively. We investigate space time‐turbo trellis coded modulation (ST‐TTCM) for 8‐PSK for several Rician factorKand phase distortion factorη. Thus, our results reflect the degradations both due to the effects of the fading on the amplitude and phase noise of the received signal while the channel parameters are estimated by BW algorithm. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increasing of oxidative stress from mitochondria in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Nakanishi Shuhei , Suzuki Gen , Kusunoki Yoichiro , Yamane Kiminori , Egusa Genshi , Kohno Nobuoki 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBackgroundRecent evidence increasingly indicates that oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. Mitochondria has received much attention as an important organ in the generation of oxidative stress. However, the importance of oxidative stress among diabetic patients without vascular complications is unclear.MethodsWe compared oxidative stress produced from mitochondria of the mononuclear cells in peripheral blood obtained from 26 diabetic subjects without clinical vascular complications and 52 healthy age‐matched subjects using a flow cytometer. Oxidative stress from the mononuclear cells was evaluated by measuring fluorescence of oxidized production from dihydrorhodamine‐123, which is a pro‐fluorescent compound that selectively accumulates in the mitochondria of living cells. Stimulation of the cells was carried out with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator. We then calculated the relative fluorescence variation (RFV) that indicated an increasing rate of oxidative stress levels by stimulation with PMA against the levels obtained at baseline. Additionally, we measured the urinary stress markers, 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG) and 8‐epi‐prostaglandin F2α (isoprostane).ResultsCompared to healthy subjects, diabetic subjects did not exhibit significantly elevated oxidative stress levels at baseline, but did have significantly elevated basal urinary 8OHdG, urinary isoprostane and oxidative stress levels after PMA stimulation as well as RFV.ConclusionsAmong diabetic subjects without clinical vascular complications, there was a possibility that mitochondrial oxidative stress balance between generation and scavenging against the additive PKC stimulation was thought to have already been lost. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia on energy intake and food choice at a subsequent test meal
Authors: Dewan Shivani , Gillett Angela , Mugarza Julie A. , Dovey Terence M. , Halford Jason C. G. , Wilding John P. H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBackground and aimsHypoglycaemia is assumed to increase food intake, but there is little data on the magnitude or qualitative nature of this effect. We have therefore investigated the effects of insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia on food intake at a test meal.MethodsSixteen healthy men (age 29.8 ± 11 years; mean ± SD) were studied; either insulin (0.05 units/kg) or saline was given intravenously in a double‐blind crossover design. Blood glucose was monitored at regular intervals. Participants were given an ad libitum breakfast 20 min after injections and food intake and appetite scores were recorded.ResultsBlood glucose was unchanged following saline (4.3 ± 0.4 to 4.4 ± 0.3 mmol/L). There was a transient decline in blood glucose after insulin with a nadir at 20 min (4.31 ± 0.34 to 2.41 ± 0.45 mmol/L, p < 0.0001), which returned to baseline at 40 min. Total energy intake was 17% higher (1701.1 ± 895.3 kcal vs 1427.7 ± 815 kcal, p = 0.026) following insulin administration compared to that following saline. Macronutrient analysis revealed a significant increase in high‐fat foods (muffins) (69.2 ± 54.1 vs 29 ± 42.3 g, p = 0.009) after insulin. Appetite scores were similar after saline and insulin despite these changes in food intake.ConclusionsTransient insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia increases energy intake. Participants consumed more fat after insulin compared to that after saline. High‐fat foods can lead to passive overconsumption and have a low glycaemic index, which may prolong hypoglycaemia. Both factors could ultimately promote weight gain in individuals with recurrent hypoglycaemia. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A preliminary investigation into the feasibility and efficacy of a CD‐ROM–based cognitive‐behavioral self‐help intervention for bulimia nervosa
Authors: Bara‐Carril Nuria , Williams Christopher J. , Pombo‐Carril Maria G. , Reid Yael , Murray Kathryn , Aubin Susan , Harkin Patrick J.R. , Treasure Janet , Schmidt Ulrike 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjectiveMany patients with bulimia nervosa find it hard to access evidence‐based treatment such as cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a novel CD‐ROM–based cognitive‐behavioral multimedia self‐help intervention for the treatment of bulimia nervosa.MethodPatients with bulimia nervosa referred to a catchment area‐based eating disorder service were offered eight sessions of a novel CD‐ROM cognitive‐behavioral self‐help treatment without any added therapist input. We report here the take‐up and drop‐out rates and efficacy of this intervention.ResultsOf 60 participants who were offered the intervention, 47 took it up. At follow‐up, there were significant reductions in binging and compensatory behaviors, most clearly in self‐induced vomiting.DiscussionThis intervention has potential as a first step in the treatment of bulimia nervosa and for dissemination to nonspecialist settings. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 35: 538–548, 2004.
The development of eating pathology in Chinese‐Australian women: Acculturation versus culture clash
Authors: Humphry Tamara A. , Ricciardelli Lina A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjectiveRecent research suggests there has been an increase in the incidence of eating pathology among Asian women residing in the West. Two alternate explanations for the development of this eating pathology have been proposed; acculturation versus culture clash. The current study was designed to further examine the influence of acculturation versus culture clash on the development of eating pathology in Chinese‐Australian women.MethodEighty‐one Chinese‐Australian women completed a questionnaire investigating their level of eating pathology, perceived sociocultural influences to lose weight, parental overprotection and care, self‐perceptions of physical appearance, sociability and global self‐worth, and the strength of their ethnic identity.ResultsIt was found that, overall, low levels of satisfaction with physical appearance, high levels of parental overprotection, and high levels of perceived pressure from best female friends to lose weight predicted greater eating pathology in both acculturated and traditional women. However, acculturated women who perceived higher levels of pressure from their fathers and best male friends to lose weight and traditional women who experienced higher levels of parental care reported the greatest eating pathology.DiscussionThe findings suggest that there are both similarities and differences between the risk factors that correlate with eating pathology between acculturated and traditional women. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 35: 579–588, 2004.
Differences between women with anorexia nervosa and restrained eaters on shape and weight concerns, self‐esteem, and depression
Authors: Wilksch Simon , Wade Tracey D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe current study examined the relation among shape and weight concerns, domain‐specific self‐esteem, dietary restraint, and depression.MethodWomen with anorexia nervosa (AN; n = 19), restrained eaters (n = 20), and unrestrained eaters (n = 21) completed measures of shape and weight concerns, depression, and self‐esteem.ResultsWomen with AN had significantly higher shape and weight concerns and lower self‐esteem than restrained eaters. However, once depression was controlled, these significant differences disappeared on all but the morality self‐esteem subscale. Unrestrained eaters had significantly lower shape and weight concerns and higher self‐esteem than restrained participants both before and after depression was controlled.DiscussionShape and weight concerns and low self‐esteem are associated with dietary restriction. However, results from the current study suggest these two variables may not be the primary driving forces behind extreme dietary restriction. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 35: 571–578, 2004.
Guided self‐help versus cognitive‐behavioral group therapy in the treatment of bulimia nervosa
Authors: Bailer Ursula , de Zwaan Martina , Leisch Friedrich , Strnad Alexandra , Lennkh‐Wolfsberg Claudia , El‐Giamal Nadia , Hornik Kurt , Kasper Siegfried 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to evaluate whether guided self‐help was effective in the short and long term in the treatment of bulimia nervosa.MethodEighty‐one patients with bulimia nervosa were randomly assigned to either a self‐help manual with a maximum of 18 short weekly visits (guided self‐help) or to 18 weekly 1.5‐h sessions of cognitive‐behavioral group therapy (CBT). The primary outcome variables were monthly frequencies of self‐reported binge eating and vomiting episodes. Secondary outcome variables were eating disorder‐related psychopathology (assessed with the Eating Disorders Inventory [EDI]) and depression (assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]). Patients were followed up 1 year after the end of treatment.ResultsA mixed‐effects linear regression analysis indicated that subjects in both treatment conditions showed a significant decrease over time in binge eating and vomiting frequencies, in the scores of the EDI subscales, and in the BDI. Both treatment modalities led to a sustained improvement at follow‐up. A separate analysis of the completer sample showed significantly higher remission rates in the self‐help condition (74%) compared with the CBT condition (44%) at follow‐up.ConclusionsGuided self‐help incorporating the use of a self‐help manual offers an approach that can be effective in the short and long‐term treatment of bulimia nervosa. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 35: 522–537, 2004.
Pathologic fear conditioning and anorexia nervosa: On the search for novel paradigms
Authors: Strober Michael 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAlthough eating disorders have been the focus of an unprecedented explosion of clinical interest in recent years, the etiology of anorexia nervosa remains elusive. It is hypothesized that an underlying causative mechanism involves a propensity to extreme fear conditioning and greater than normal resistance to its extinction. Knowledge accrued from recent behavioral, genetic, and neuroanatomic research on anxiety may yield further insight into the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa, which can be subjected to experimental validation using objective measures of classical fear conditioning and functional neuroimaging of brain structures mediating fear behavior. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 35: 504–508, 2004.
Bedload transport resistance in rough open‐channel flows
Authors: Gao Peng , Abrahams Athol D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractDuring bedload movement by saltation, streamwise momentum is transferred from the ﬂow to the saltating grains. When the grains collide with other grains on the bed or in the ﬂow, streamwise momentum is reduced, and there is a decrease in streamwise ﬂow velocity and an increase in ﬂow resistance, herein termed bedload transport resistance fbt. Based on experiments in two ﬂumes with ﬁxed and mobile plane beds and previously published data, an equation is developed that may be used to predict fbt for both capacity and non‐capacity ﬂows. The variables in this equation are identiﬁed by dimensional analysis and the coefﬁcients are determined by non‐linear regression. This equation applies to rough turbulent open‐channel ﬂows, where the relative submergence is between 1 and 20 and the entire sediment load moves by saltation. An investigation of the relative magnitudes of fbt and grain resistance fc suggests that where dimensionless shear stress θ is less than 1 and saltation is the dominant mode of bedload transport, fbt/fc increases with θ but never exceeds 1. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.