bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Gayatri Sadhana Camp on Stress and Well-being Parameters: A Mixed-method Study
Authors: Sharma Nitesh , Kumar Jyoti , Patel Viralkumar , Garg Rahul 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Meditation using mantras is widely practiced in India and the world. Among the ancient Vedic mantras, the Gayatri Mantra (GM) holds profound significance. Despite its importance, limited scientific studies explore its effects. However, the research on the comprehensive effect of GM sadhana, including its components as explained in the traditional text, has been underexplored. Therefore, this study explores the effect of GM-based practices in a camp on the stress and well-being indicators of individuals by employing a mixed-method study design.

Methodology:
The study involved 32 participants (18 males, 14 females; mean age = 50.44 years) attending a residential camp of Gayatri Sadhana. Psychological assessments were conducted using the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Scale of General Well-Being, Peace of Mind Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale, at the beginning and end of the camp. In addition, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interview schedules to understand the participant’s experiences with the Gayatri Sadhana program.

Results::
Result showed a significant improvement in positive affect, general well-being, peace of mind, and a significant reduction in stress and negative affect among all participants (P < 0.01). The qualitative interview responses revealed mental health benefits across various domains. The findings from the standard questionnaire strongly correlated with the qualitative responses from the interview schedule.

Conclusion:
Gayatri Sadhana appears to possess the potential to alleviate stress and enhance the general well-being of individuals. This study sheds light on the benefits of this ancient mantra-based practice and suggests its relevance in promoting overall well-being.
Sudarshan Kriya Yoga and its Effects on Sleep: A Systematic Review of a Breathing Technique for Sleep Improvement
Authors: Castro Paulo B. , Kowdley Hrday G. , Joyner Robert L. , Kowdley Gopal C. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
This systematic review of the literature examines the published data on Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) and its effects on sleep.

Aims:
SKY is a rhythmic breathing technique consisting of four stages of breathing and takes approximately 30 min to complete. SKY has shown beneficial effects in anxiety reduction, well-being, stress reduction, and sleep. We performed a systematic review looking for evidence of SKY’s effectivity on sleep quality.

Methods:
The review procedure followed the PRISMA methodology. Articles included in this review were identified using PubMed, Cochrane Review, and expert recommendation. The search terms used were SKY, Sudarshan Kriya, sleep, breathing, and meditation. Inclusion criteria required the article to use SKY with sleep as a measured outcome. Patients with psychiatric disorders were excluded. Nine articles were agreed upon by all authors for inclusion.

Results:
All nine studies showed some beneficial effects of SKY on sleep; however, return to baseline sleep patterns was noted in two of the studies. Sleep quality improved with the regular and more frequent practice of SKY in a cross-sectional study.

Conclusions:
SKY shows beneficial effects on sleep for participants who learn the technique. A strong recommendation is difficult to offer based on the small nature of the trials, lack of systematic controls, and some trials showing a return to baseline sleep quality, after a latent period. Further, investigation through controlled and prospective studies specifically designed to measure sleep quality with this technique is needed.
The Double Trouble Monster – Unmasking Hidden Tuberculosis in Silicosis Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Shankar S. Gowri , Kumar D. Suresh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tuberculosis occurs commonly in silicosis and is difficult to diagnose. We are presenting four cases of silicotuberculosis. The first three cases of silicotuberculosis have occupational risk factors such as borewell driller, construction sites, and quarry presented with silicotuberculosis clinic radiological features with negative sputum acid-fast bacilli and positive results for tuberculosis obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage samples. The last case developed silicosis due to inhalational burned sugarcane crops. Antituberculosis therapy started after microbiological confirmation for tuberculosis. Hence, a vigorous search of tuberculosis in silicosis patients is highly warranted.
Primary Mediastinal B-cell Lymphoma in Two Male Patients
Authors: Rajeev Vyshnavi , Ramakrishnan Gayathri Anur , Srinivasan Sankar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a rare subtype of lymphoma with female predominance. Lymphomas are divided into Hodgkin’s lymphoma (accounts for 10% of all lymphomas) and nonHodgkin’s lymphoma. Pulmonologist often comes across lymphoma which can present as a mediastinal mass. PMBCL is an example of such a condition which represents 2%–3% of nonHodgkin lymphoma cases. This case report is about two male patients with PMBCL who presented with mediastinal mass, which was diagnosed by histopathological examination.
Frequency and prescription patterns of laboratory investigations in evaluating physical morbidity among psychiatric inpatients – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pushpalal Gargi , Balasundaram Sivaprakash , Subramanian Karthick , Hanifah Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Comorbid physical illnesses worsen the morbidity and mortality in patients with mental illness. There is inadequate consensus regarding the optimal level of laboratory investigations and there is a need to know regarding the assessment of physical morbidity. Our study was conducted to study the frequency of prescription of laboratory investigation in evaluating psychiatric inpatients in a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the inpatient psychiatry unit of a tertiary care hospital for one and a half years. Patients diagnosed with any mental illness and required hospitalization were included in the study. Sociodemographic data, illness details, and data regarding frequency and indications of laboratory investigations were recorded using a semistructured pro forma. For inferential analysis, P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
One hundred and sixty-two participants were included in the study. “Endocrine, nutritional, or metabolic diseases” were the most common preexisting and newly diagnosed group of physical illness. A total of 705 additional tests were ordered for the study sample. Blood biochemistry was the most frequently ordered investigation. The most frequent blood biochemistry test, hematological test, and imaging were the estimation of glycemic indices, complete blood count, and ultrasound abdomen, respectively. One in two additional laboratory tests had abnormal or out-of-reference range (ORR) values in the results. Hematological tests were the most common, with abnormal or ORR values, followed by imaging and blood biochemistry. Clinician judgment was the most frequent reason for ordering an additional investigation.

Conclusion:
The study revealed that age, gender, the type of psychiatric illness, and the illness course-related characteristics significantly influenced the prescribing frequency of additional investigations and the proportion of abnormal/outside reference range results.
Inclusion of systems-based practice in medical education: Is it a necessity?
Authors: Manjareeka Magna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Systems-based practice (SBP) is a core competency that concentrates on the foundation of health care in good medical practice. It is to be aware of the systems in which we work and to make sure to achieve the maximum outcome response in our work by remaining in the system. Compared to medical schools, fellowship programs are active in developing and evaluating SBP curricula. The Graduate Medical Education Regulation-2019 describes competency-based learning which includes designing and implementing a medical education curriculum that focuses on the desired and observable ability in real-life situations. For achieving good patient care, good medical practice is a requirement. For attaining optimal medical practice, it is important to understand how one functions within the system as a whole and how one’s actions affect all other aspects of the system. The graduating residents immediately start participating in the health-care system as a whole. Therefore, residents must be aware of the health-care systems in which they have to operate and also have the ability to provide high-quality, cost-effective medical care to the patients with the available resources. These residents should have enough exposure to SBP to efficiently work in a team. Competency-based medical education should include SBP as a competency where doctors would understand what is happening to the health-care system in which they practice, why the system is changing so rapidly, and what they can do about it.
Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia
Authors: Kala Nitya , Prasad Harikrishnan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a poorly understood entity and is probably a misnomer too. Although this lesion is thought to be predominantly found in young children, a significant number of cases have also been reported in adults. A 41-year-old female patient presented with an erythematous, velvety-appearing gingival mass in the mandibular anterior region. The lesion was recurrent in nature, although it was asymptomatic. A diagnosis of LJSGH was made after correlating the clinical and histopathological features. A literature search revealed that a large number of cases have been reported in adults, some as old as 87 years old. There seems to be no gender predilection, and the lesion is frequently noticed in relation to maxillary anterior gingiva. Recurrence is a characteristic feature of this lesion, although its etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood till date. Since it has a unique behavior in terms of high recurrences, dentists and periodontists need to be made aware about spongiotic gingival hyperplasia since the lesion may be mistaken for common reactive lesions.
Comparative analysis of platelet-rich fibrin membrane and 0.2% hyaluronic acid gel on healing following gingival depigmentation procedure
Authors: Kale Aishwarya Madhukar , Sethi Kunal S. , Mahale Swapna A. , Karde Prerna A. , Kale Lata Madhukar , Choudhary Sneha H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) accelerates wound healing by promoting faster cicatricial tissue remodeling and excellent neovascularization. Hyaluronic acid (HA) being biocompatible, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic leads to improvement in the rate of wound healing.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of PRF membrane and 0.2% HA gel on wounds after gingival depigmentation surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This study was carried out on 30 systemically healthy individuals recruited from the pool of patients who visited the department of periodontology. After depigmentation procedure in every patient, the sites were divided into three even groups. Group A received PRF membrane and periodontal dressing, Group B received 0.2% HA gel application and periodontal dressing, and Group C served as a control group in which only periodontal dressing was placed. The individuals were evaluated for the healing index (HI) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) on the 3rd and 5th day. Epithelialization test (ET) was performed on the 5th day. Gingival biotype was reassessed and compared to preoperative value after 3 months. The clinical trial was expressed in terms of mean and standard deviation. Intra-group comparison and inter-group comparison were done through the Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA test. All statistical tests were performed through SPSS version 25.0 (IBM).

Results:
The inter-group statistical analysis concerning NRS, HI, and ET showed statistically significant results in Groups A and B compared to Group C (P < 0.05), while gingival biotype showed statistically significant results in Group A compared to Groups B and C.

Conclusion:
The use of PRF membrane and HA gel to protect the raw wound site of depigmented gingiva proved to be an effective approach, resulting in faster healing.
Evaluation and comparison of three-dimensional finite element analysis of stress distribution in immediately placed and loaded conventional and customized three-dimensional printed dental implants
Authors: Saini Priya , Grover Vishakha , Sood Shaveta , Jain Ashish , Kalra Parveen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the stress distribution patterns in immediately placed and loaded conventional and customized three-dimensional (3D) printed dental implants by 3D finite element analysis.

Materials and Methods:
Twelve 3D finite element models [Group A-3 models; Group B-9 models] with 72 test conditions which were modeled and compared from customized 3D printed dental implants [Group A] and 3 commercially available implant systems [Group B] (Straumann, Ankylos, and Astratech) using “SolidWorks”. All models were embedded in extraction socket models of the maxillary central incisor (CI) and Canine (C), Mandibular 1st Premolar. An occlusal loading by axial and nonaxial force of 100 N and 150 N at 30° and 45° was applied on the abutment using the “ANSYS” Suite. Customized 3D printed dental implant (Group A) for maxilla (Max.) CI, Max. C, and mandibular 1st premolar (PM) socket model was compared with three commercial available dental implant systems (Group B) for Max. CI, Max. C, and mandible (Mand.) 1st PM socket model to understand the stress distribution patterns.

Results:
With increasing oblique loads, von Mises stresses were reduced for the customized group as compared to conventional implants. Increased axial loads caused proportionate increase in the stresses for both groups, yet remained under the physiologic limits in all test conditions. Higher stresses were observed in cortical bone than in cancellous bone at bone–implant contact in general. Marked reduction in von Mises stress was observed at the boundary between compact and cancellous bone. Customized 3D printed implants performed better for oblique loads and comparable for axial load stress distribution in comparison to conventional implant systems in Max. CI and C, Mand. 1st PM.

Conclusion:
Thus, customized 3D printed implants appear a promising alternative for immediately placed immediately loaded protocols, with additional benefits in specific clinical situations.
The Patterns of Persistence and Recurrence Following Parathyroidectomy for Renal Hyperparathyroidism: A 10-year Review
Authors: Wu Si-Yuan , Chiu Yu-Cheng , Hsu Shun-Neng , Yu Fu-Chiu , Lin Shih-Hua , Shih Ming-Lang 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Renal hyperparathyroidism can be effectively treated with parathyroidectomy. However, managing persistence or recurrence after the initial surgery is still challenging. Understanding the anatomical patterns observed in reoperative parathyroidectomies can help localize the disease during initial and subsequent surgeries.

Aim:
This study aimed to identify the patterns of persistence and recurrence following parathyroidectomy for renal hyperparathyroidism and assess the performance of various localization studies.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on dialysis patients who underwent reoperative parathyroidectomy at a single center. Patient demographics, laboratory test results, localization study findings, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes were obtained through the chart reviews. Persistence was defined as an intact parathyroid hormone level >300 pg/mL within 6 months after the primary surgery; otherwise, recurrence was defined as > 6 months.

Results:
Among 377 patients who underwent parathyroidectomies, 20 (5.3%) required reoperations. Supernumerary glands were the primary cause of persistence (70%) and recurrence (50%), predominantly located posteriorly within the tracheoesophageal groove. Besides, overgrowth of the forearm graft accounted for 30% of recurrences. Neck ultrasound (US) showed 6 out of 19 false negatives (68% sensitivity and 100% specificity), whereas 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) had one false negative (95% sensitivity and 100% specificity). CT scans accurately localized the disease in cases where US and sestamibi scintigraphy yielded discordant results.

Conclusion:
Supernumerary glands frequently contribute to the persistence and recurrence of renal hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy. In the reoperative context, sestamibi SPECT/CT and CT scans detect affected parathyroid tissue in the neck and mediastinum more effectively than neck USs.
Predictive value of machine learning models for lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer: A two-center study
Authors: Lu Tong , Lu Miao , Wu Dong , Ding Yuan-Yuan , Liu Hao-Nan , Li Tao-Tao , Song Da-Qing 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system, ranking sixth in incidence and fourth in mortality worldwide. Since 42.5% of metastatic lymph nodes in gastric cancer belong to nodule type and peripheral type, the application of imaging diagnosis is restricted.
AIM
To establish models for predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients using machine learning (ML) algorithms and to evaluate their predictive performance in clinical practice.
METHODS
Data of a total of 369 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy at the Department of General Surgery of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou, China) from March 2016 to November 2019 were collected and retrospectively analyzed as the training group. In addition, data of 123 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy at the Department of General Surgery of Jining First People’s Hospital (Jining, China) were collected and analyzed as the verification group. Seven ML models, including decision tree, random forest, support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting machine, naive Bayes, neural network, and logistic regression, were developed to evaluate the occurrence of lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer. The ML models were established following ten cross-validation iterations using the training dataset, and subsequently, each model was assessed using the test dataset. The models’ performance was evaluated by comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of each model.
RESULTS
Among the seven ML models, except for SVM, the other ones exhibited higher accuracy and reliability, and the influences of various risk factors on the models are intuitive.
CONCLUSION
The ML models developed exhibit strong predictive capabilities for lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer, which can aid in personalized clinical diagnosis and treatment.
The lived psychological experiences of the youth resulting from the use nyaope drug in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Mamukeyani Eric , Mashamba Takalani Joyce , Onya Hans 
Published: January 2024

Substance abuse among the youth is emerging as one of the gravest social and Public Health global concerns. This paper aims to share the psychological experiences of the youth who used a newly invented local drug called nyaope in rural communities, Limpopo province, South Africa. A qualitative study, using focus group discussion was conducted among nyaope users between 18-35 years. Thematic data analysis was applied to develop themes, sub-themes, and categories. Findings indicated that nyaope users encountered devastating psychological experiences such as; self-blame, stress, mental relaxation, drug dependency, and addiction. Furthermore, the life of nyaope users seem to revolve around acquiring more nyaope than seeking rehabilitative interventions to counteract the addiction. The Ubuntu theory was used to guide intervention in combating the nyaope problem. It is essential to recruit, train and capacitate more social workers and social auxiliary workers who would specialize in substance abuse services and prevention programmes. There should also be more rehabilitation centres to curb the growing number of drug addicts in the local communities as well as increased funding for non-government organizations that render substance abuse prevention services.
How to reference using ASWNet style:
Mamukeyani, E., Mashamba, T. J. & Onya, H. (2023). The lived psychological experiences of the youth resulting from the use nyaope drug in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province, South Africa. African Journal of Social Work, 13(3), 147-154. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i3.3
Visit journal website: https://ajsw.africasocialwork.net
Effets du mode d’application d’engrais phosphatés (CBKCa et TSP) sur la productivité du mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br) au centre ouest du Burkina Faso
Authors: Nignan Iliassou , Ouedraogo Jean , Nakamura Satoshi , Serme Idriss , Coulibaly Kalifa 
Published: January 2024

La distance d’application des phosphatés pourrait influencer la réponse des cultures à la fertilisation phosphatée due à la faible mobilité du phosphore. Ainsi, une étude a été conduite en 2021 et 2022 à Saria, pour évaluer l’effet de la distance d’application de deux engrais phosphatés sur la productivité du mil. Se sont le Burkina Phosphate calciné enrichi en calcium (CBKCa) et triple super phosphate (TSP). Pour ce faire, un dispositif factoriel avec quatre répétitions a été installé. Les phosphates ont été appliquées sur les parcelles principales à trois distances d’application (0 ; 5 et 10 cm du collet du mil), sur les parcelles secondaires. 23 kg P2O5.ha-1 de ces engrais a été appliqués en combinaison avec du NKSB (37-14-6-1). Les résultats ont montré que quelle que soit l’année et indépendamment de la distance, le CBKCa et le TSP ont enregistré des valeurs moyennes identiques concernant les paramètres de croissance et la production de biomasse. L’application des phosphates, à 5 cm, a entraîné une augmentation significative du rendement en grain de 42% et 35% en 2021 par rapport à l’apport à 10 et 0 cm. En 2022, ces augmentations étaient de 111% et 33%. L’application de CBKCa à 5 cm pourrait être recommandée.
The distance of application of phosphates could influence the response of crops to phosphate fertilization due to the low mobility of phosphorus. Thus, a study was conducted in 2021 and 2022 in Saria, to evaluate the effect of the distance of application of two phosphate fertilizers on millet productivity. These are Burkina Calcined Phosphate enriched with calcium (CBKCa) and triple super phosphate (TSP). To do this, a factorial design with four repetitions was installed. The phosphates were applied to the main plots at three application distances (0, 5 and 10 cm from the millet collar), to the secondary plots. 23 kg P2O5.ha-1 of these fertilizers was applied in combination with NKSB (37-14-6-1). The results showed that whatever the year and independently of the distance, CBKCa and TSP recorded identical average values regarding growth parameters and biomass production. The application of phosphates, at 5 cm, led to a significant increase in grain yield of 42% and 35% in 2021 compared to the application at 10 and 0 cm. In 2022, these increases were 111% and 33%. Application of CBKCa at 5 cm could be recommended.