bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decision tree‐based task offloading in vehicle edge computing
Authors: Tay Muhammet , Şentürk Arafat 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThere are significant developments in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) field, and the requirements needed in this area are increasing rapidly. When these needs are examined in the near future, it appears that the demand for connected, autonomous, shared, and electric vehicles will increase. Therefore, fundamental problems such as big data flow and storage will arise in the IoV field. Another problem is the delay sensitivity of IoVs and the need to minimize data loss. The use of edge computing (EC) tools can play an important role in obtaining effective solutions to overcome these problems. Delay, bandwidth, and energy consumption rate, which are important qualities in EC systems, emerge as a problem that needs to be improved for delay‐sensitive systems. These improvements belong to the category of nonlinear challenging problems. Effective optimization or machine learning methods can be used to improve these types of problems. In this study, a two‐stage machine learning method is proposed for a more efficient task completion rate and service time. According to the proposed method, in the first stage, the decision tree algorithm is used to select the computing tool to which the task will be sent, and the decision is made on which computing tool to send it to. In the second stage, a linear regression‐based classification method is used to select a delay‐sensitive computing tool. The performance analysis of the proposed method was made using the edgeCloudSim simulation tool, and according to the results obtained, the proposed method provides better results than other algorithms in the literature.
Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous zinc oxide nanoparticles and evaluation of their biocompatibility in L929 fibroblasts
Authors: Jowkar Zahra , Moaddeli Ali , Shafiei Fereshteh , Tadayon Tara , Hamidi Seyed Ahmadreza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to synthesize and characterize mesoporous zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and also to evaluate the cytotoxicity of mesoporous ZnO NPs on L929 mouse fibroblast cell lines using 3‐(4,5‐ dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Materials and MethodsThe synthesized mesoporous ZnO NPs were extensively characterized using X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectra (EDAX), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The cytotoxicity of mesoporous ZnO NPs was assessed by MTT assay. The study groups for cytotoxicity assay were normal saline, 0.1% calcined mesoporous ZnO NP solution, 1% calcined mesoporous ZnO NP solution, 0.1% noncalcined mesoporous ZnO NP solution, 1% noncalcined mesoporous ZnO NP solution, 0.1% ZnO NP solution, 1% ZnO NP solution, 2% chlorhexidine, and phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS). The percentages of mean ± standard deviation of viable cells were analyzed.ResultsCharacterization of mesoporous ZnO NPs revealed that all the particles were in a more or less spherical shape with a wide particle size distribution of 70–100 nm. TEM image showed the uniformed and aggregated ZnO NPs with a typical size of 10–15 nm. BET analysis showed a mesoporous structure for the prepared mesoporous ZnO NPs. According to the MTT assay, chlorhexidine had the lowest cell viability percentage. Cell viability percentages of 0.1% mesoporous ZnO NP solutions (calcined and noncalcined) were statistically, significantly higher than 0.1% ZnO NP solution (p < .05). Cell viability percentages of 0.1% calcined and noncalcined mesoporous ZnO NP solutions and 0.1% ZnO NP solution were statistically, significantly higher than the 1% solutions (p < .05).ConclusionMesoporous ZnO NPs exhibited less cytotoxicity against L929 mouse fibroblast cell lines compared to CHX and ZnO NPs, hence are safe to use.
The impact of sociodemographic determinants and diabetes type‐2 on oral health outcomes: An analytical cross‐sectional study
Authors: Alkahtani Ashwaq , Anderson Paul , Baysan Aylin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study compared adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and those without diabetes (ND) from East London in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, oral health behaviors, dietary practices, and alcohol and tobacco‐related habits.Materials and MethodsA total of 182 participants (n = 91 for each group) were recruited and requested to complete the validated questionnaire with 33 items.ResultsResults showed that the mean ± SD age was 61 ± 11.7 in the T2DM, while 51 ± 11.2 in the ND group. The mean ± SD age at T2DM diagnosis was 43 ± 10. There was a significant gender difference, with more males in the T2DM group (67.7%) and more females in the ND group (64.8%). Asian‐British (38.4%) were significantly high in the T2DM group when compared to other ethnicities. 92.3% of T2DM participants were significantly more likely to use medications in comparison to the ND group (29.7%). The T2DM participants' personal statements on general health were fair (34%) and good (46.2%) when compared with the ND group (15.4% and 59.3%, respectively). The majority of T2DM and ND participants (98%) lacked dental insurance. In the T2DM group, 31.8% were receiving benefits, and 39.5% were retired, while 46% of the ND group were full‐time employees. Tooth brushing twice a day was slightly less common in T2DM (68%) when compared to the ND group (78%). Nearly half of the participants in both groups failed to carry out interdental cleaning (T2DM = 52%; ND = 47%), and 38.5% of the T2DM group used mouthwash occasionally, while 30% of the ND group had it twice daily. There was a weak association between chewing paan and annual income in ND participants (r = .90, p = .49). There were significant differences in the presence of removable prostheses, juice, and sweetened juice consumptions between the two groups (p < .05).ConclusionWithin the confines of this study, being male, Asian British, retired due to disability, polypharmacy, and the presence of removable prostheses were all significant factors for T2DM.
Pilot study on the filling rate of parallel AA‐MBBR fillers in plateau areas
Authors: Peng Xianpai , Zong Yongchen , You Junhao , Wang Jun , Fu Chunhui , Ji Jiaao , Zhang Dongyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractComparative analysis of the effects of different filling rates of polypropylene filler on the operational effectiveness, microbial abundance and diversity, and metabolism of the AA‐MBBR system for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The results showed that under the condition of the optimal filling rate of 40%, the average removal rates of BOD5, COD, NH3‐N, TN, and TP in the AA‐MBBR system were 93.63%, 90.02%, 81.25%, 80.07%, and 74.51%, respectively, and the effluent COD was 143.05 mg/L and the effluent NH3‐N was 37.03 mg/L; the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the AA‐MBBR system with the optimal fill rate was 595, which was higher than 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50%, and it was also found that the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria (DNB) and polyphosphate bacteria (Paos) increased with the increase of biofilm fill rate, DNB increased by about 32.9% at TCL (fill rate) 40 compared to TCL10, Paos increased by about 21.6% at TCL30 compared to TCL10. the AA‐MBBR system with a fill rate of 40% showed better pollutant removal than the other systems with other fill rates The bacterial diversity was higher than that of the systems with other filling rates.
Experimental study on rock strata movement and stope stress distribution law under mining height regulation
Authors: Shi Zhanshan , Zhao Hanwei , Qin Bing , Liang Bing , Hao Jianfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhen pressure relief mining of a non‐all‐coal protective layer, to realize the accurate regulation of the pressure relief range and pressure release value of mining height, it is necessary to carry out research on the migration of overburden and the stress distribution law of stope under mining height control. Through similar material simulation experiments, four groups of similar material simulation experimental models were established. The laws of rock strata movement and stress distribution at 2, 4, and 5 m mining heights under different geological conditions, and the laws of rock strata movement and stress distribution at 5 and 8 m mining heights under the same geological conditions were obtained. The research results show that the geological conditions and mining height do not affect the evolution of the rock strata movement range. The highest position of the strata movement and deformation is linearly related to the advancing distance of the coalface. The maximum height of rock strata movement increases abruptly when encountering the key strata, but it still has a linear relationship. The highest position of each expansion of the fracture zone has an exponential relationship with the advancing distance of the coalface. When the key strata are encountered, the maximum height of the fracture zone increases abruptly. The change in mining height only affects the distribution range of the “three zones.” The mining height controls the stress distribution of stope by adjusting the “three zones” of the roof. With the increase in mining height, the caving zone and fracture zone range increase. The corresponding pressure relief range and pressure relief value show the change law of first increasing and then decreasing. There is an optimal mining height, which can make the pressure relief effect of stope best.
The convenience yield under commodity financialization
Authors: Milonas Nikolaos T. , Photina Evangelia K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA number of papers have dealt with commodity financialization finding strong evidence for its existence and its effect on commodity prices and volatility. We chose convenience yield (CY) to study the effect of commodity financialization based on the theory of storage and on the argument that CY resembles a call option. Using quarterly data in the period 1995–2018, on soybeans stocks, cash and futures prices, a dynamic Autoregressive Distributed Lag with Exogenous model is estimated to measure the effects of independent variables from both the financial and commodity markets on CY. The evidence reveals that financial markets volatility along macroeconomic global variables affect soybeans CY giving support to the existence of commodity financialization. Besides, we find a statistically significant and negative relation between volatility index and CY. Support for this evidence rests on the theory of storage, Real Option Analysis, and behavioral finance.
Early coronary angioplasty fails to lower all‐cause mortality in patients with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest without ST‐segment elevation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rashid Khalid , Waheed Muhammad Aamir , Ansar Farrukh , Makram Abdelrahman M. , Hasan Ahmedyar , Ahmed Shahab , Khan Saad Tariq , Ubaid Aamer , Ibad Ahmad Al , Basri Rabia , Makram Omar Mohamed , Khan Yahya , Rashad Nabhan , Elzouki Abdelnaser 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionOut‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is defined as the loss of functional mechanical activity of the heart in association with an absence of systemic circulation, occurring outside of a hospital. Immediate coronary angiography (CAG) with percutaneous coronary intervention is recommended for OHCA with ST‐elevation. We aimed to evaluate the effect of early CAG on mortality and neurological outcomes in OHCA patients without ST‐elevation.MethodsThis meta‐analysis and systemic review was conducted as per principles of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis (PRISMA) group. A protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, Ref No. = CRD42022327833). A total of 674 studies were retrieved after scanning several databases (PubMed Central, EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials).ResultsA total of 18 studies were selected for the final analysis, including 6 randomized control trials and 12 observational studies. Statistically, there was no significant difference in primary outcome, i.e., mortality, between early and delayed CAG. In terms of the grade of neurological recovery as a secondary outcome, early and delayed CAG groups also showed no statistically significant difference.ConclusionEarly CAG has no survival benefits in patients with no ST elevations on ECG after OHCA.
Evaluation of optimal interpolation and segmentation of the optic nerves on magnetic resonance images for cross‐sectional area measurement
Authors: Chow Li Sze , Paley Martyn N. J. , Hickman Simon J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigated nine combination methods produced from three interpolation (Lanczos, iterative curvature based interpolation, and contrast‐guided) and three segmentation (spatial fuzzy C‐means, modified fuzzy C‐means [mFCM], and level set method) models from optic nerve magnetic resonance images (MRI). The aim was to produce sharp edges of the optic nerves for cross‐sectional area measurement. Lanczos‐mFCM was identified as the best combination in terms of: image quality; Dice similarity coefficient; a similar area compared with measurements from raw images but with higher reproducibility; and the highest signal‐to‐noise and contrast‐to‐noise ratios. It was then applied to ten normal datasets. The mean cross‐sectional areas were 12.57 ± 1.92mm2from proton density images, 12.98 ± 2.18mm2from T2‐weighted (T2W) images including the optic nerve sheath, and 1.68 ± 0.69mm2from the T2W images of the optic nerve only. The Lanczos‐mFCM method is recommended for future quantitative studies on optic nerve MRI.
Therapeutic strategies for drug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Zhan Yujuan , Hu Huiting , Yu Ying , Chen Cuimei , Zhang Jingwen , Jarnda Kermue Vasco , Ding Ping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a widely prevalent opportunistic pathogen. Multiple resistant strains of PA have emerged from excessive or inappropriate use of antibiotics, making their eradication increasingly difficult. Therefore, the search for highly efficient and secure novel antimicrobial agents is crucial. According to reports, there is an increasing exploration of nanometals for antibacterial purposes. The antibacterial mechanisms involving the nanomaterials themselves, the release of ions, and the induced oxidative stress causing leakage and damage to biomolecules are widely accepted. Additionally, the study of the cytotoxicity of metal nanoparticles is crucial for their antibacterial applications. This article summarizes the types of metal nanomaterials and metal oxide nanomaterials that can be used against PA, their respective unique antibacterial mechanisms, cytotoxicity, and efforts made to improve antibacterial performance and reduce toxicity, including combination therapy with other materials and antibiotics, as well as green synthesis approaches.
Zirconia–sugarcane bagasse fly ash as a novel solid acid nanocatalyst for selective dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether
Authors: Abd El‐Aal Mohamed , Goda Mohamed N. , Abd El‐Wahab Mohamed M. M. , El‐Gamal Nadia O. , Said Abd El‐Aziz A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the current study, two series of catalysts were synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. In the first series of catalysts, a chemical precipitation method was used for loading 1–20 wt. % ZrO2 on the surface of sugarcane bagasse fly ash (SCBFA) with the goal of finding out the optimal ZrO2 loading. In the second series, the 20% ZrO2/SCBFA composition was modified by (1–10 wt. %) SO42− by wet impregnation method. The acidity of these catalysts was determined through the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol and the chemisorption of pyridine and 2,6‐dimethyl pyridine. The catalytic efficiency for the dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether (DME) in a fixed‐bed reactor at atmospheric pressure was investigated. A ~ 95% yield toward DME is maximized over the 10% SO42−/20% ZrO2/SCBFA catalyst at a reaction temperature of 400°C. Additionally, it maintained nearly the same efficiency over a 90‐h period and demonstrated outstanding long‐term stability. The specific surface area and the acidity are the most important factors responsible for enhancing the catalytic performance in this reaction. Our study reflects that SCBFA‐supported zirconia and that modified with SO42− are low‐cost, effective, eco‐friendly, and recyclable catalysts that are highly suited to apply for production of DME from methanol.
Tumour tissue‐derived small extracellular vesicles reflect molecular subtypes of bladder cancer
Authors: Dong Liang , Feng Mingxiao , Kuczler Morgan D. , Horie Kengo , Kim Chi‐Ju , Ma Zehua , Lombardo Kara , Lyons Heather , Amend Sarah R. , Kates Max , Bivalacqua Trinity J. , McConkey David , Xue Wei , Choi Woonyoung , Pienta Kenneth J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractmRNA‐based molecular subtypes have implications for bladder cancer prognosis and clinical benefit from certain therapies. Whether small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) can reflect bladder cancer molecular subtypes is unknown. We performed whole transcriptome RNA sequencing for formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumour tissues and sEVs separated from matched tissue explants, urine and plasma in patients with bladder cancer. sEVs were separated using size‐exclusion chromatography, and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nano flow cytometry and western blots, respectively. High yield of sEVs were obtained using approximately 1 g of tissue, incubated with media for 30 min. FFPE tumour tissue and tumour tissue‐derived sEVs demonstrated good concordance in molecular subtype classification. All urinary sEVs were classified as luminal subtype, while all plasma sEVs were classified as Ba/Sq subtype, regardless of the molecular subtypes indicated by their matched FFPE tumour tissue. The comparison within urine sEVs, which may exclude the sample type specific background, could pick up the different biology between NMIBC and MIBC, as well as the signature genes related to molecular subtypes. Four candidate sEV‐related bladder cancer‐specific mRNA biomarkers, FAM71E2, OR4K5, FAM138F and KRTAP26‐1, were identified by analysing matched urine sEVs, tumour tissue derived sEVs, and adjacent normal tissue derived sEVs. Compared to sEVs separated from biofluids, tissue‐derived sEVs may reflect more tissue‐ or disease‐specific biological features. Urine sEVs are promising biomarkers to be used for liquid biopsy‐based molecular subtype classification, but the current algorithm needs to be modified/adjusted. Future work is needed to validate the four new bladder cancer‐specific biomarkers in large cohorts.
Serum hepatitis B virus spliced RNA proportion increases with liver disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Lu Xingyu , Li Wanying , Deng Rui , Zhou Bin , Yu Rui , Hou Jinlin , Shen Sheng , Sun Jian , Liu Shi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSerum hepatitis B virus (HBV) spliced RNAs (spRNAs) are ubiquitous in HBV‐infected patients; however, their clinical significance remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between HBV spRNAs and liver disease progression in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients; in vitro cell line assessment was also performed. The serum HBV wild‐type RNA (wtRNA) and spRNA levels were individually quantified in a cohort of 279 treatment‐naïve, hepatitis B e antigen positive CHB patients with or without cirrhosis. The spRNA proportion was determined as (spRNA × 100%)/(spRNAs + wtRNA). 20 patients' serum samples underwent spRNA species profiling using next‐generation sequencing. Serum spRNA species 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were the most common variants. The spRNA proportion varied from 0.00% to 19.02%, with higher levels in HBV genotype C patients than in those with genotype B (1.76% vs. 0.84%, p < 0.001). The spRNA proportion was positively associated with the alanine aminotransferase levels (r = 0.144, p = 0.053) and significantly higher in cirrhotic than in non‐cirrhotic patients (1.69% vs. 1.04%, p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed a 2.566‐fold higher risk of cirrhosis in patients with elevated spRNA proportion (p = 0.024). In vitro experiments confirmed that spRNAs contributed to hepatic stellate cell activation, which is critical in liver fibrosis development. Therefore, increased HBV spRNA expression poses a risk for liver disease progression. Quantifying serum HBV spRNAs can aid in monitoring liver disease progression. Furthermore, the therapeutic targeting of spRNAs may improve the prognosis of patients with CHB.
Genetic characteristics involved in COVID‐19 severity. The CARGENCORS case‐control study and meta‐analysis
Authors: Camps‐Vilaró Anna , Pinsach‐Abuin Mel·lina , Degano Irene R. , Ramos Rafel , Martí‐Lluch Ruth , Elosua Roberto , Subirana Isaac , Solà‐Richarte Clàudia , Puigmulé Marta , Pérez Alexandra , Vilaró Ingrid , Cruz Raquel , Diz‐de Almeida Silvia , Nogues Xavier , Masclans Joan R. , Güerri‐Fernández Roberto , Marin Judith , Tizon‐Marcos Helena , Vaquerizo Beatriz , Brugada Ramon , Marrugat Jaume 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPre‐existing coronary artery disease (CAD), and thrombotic, inflammatory, or virus infectivity response phenomena have been associated with COVID‐19 disease severity. However, the association of candidate single nucleotide variants (SNVs) related to mechanisms of COVID‐19 complications has been seldom analysed. Our aim was to test and validate the effect of candidate SNVs on COVID‐19 severity. CARGENCORS (CARdiovascular GENetic risk score for Risk Stratification of patients positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 [COVID‐19] virus) is an age‐ and sex‐matched case‐control study with 818 COVID‐19 cases hospitalized with hypoxemia, and 1636 controls with COVID‐19 treated at home. The association between severity and SNVs related to CAD (n = 32), inflammation (n = 19), thrombosis (n = 14), virus infectivity (n = 11), and two published to be related to COVID‐19 severity was tested with adjusted logistic regression models. Two external independent cohorts were used for meta‐analysis (SCOURGE and UK Biobank). After adjustment for potential confounders, 14 new SNVs were associated with COVID‐19 severity in the CARGENCORS Study. These SNVs were related to CAD (n = 10), thrombosis (n = 2), and inflammation (n = 2). We also confirmed eight SNVs previously related to severe COVID‐19 and virus infectivity. The meta‐analysis showed five SNVs associated with severe COVID‐19 in adjusted analyses (rs11385942, rs1561198, rs6632704, rs6629110, and rs12329760). We identified 14 novel SNVs and confirmed eight previously related to COVID‐19 severity in the CARGENCORS data. In the meta‐analysis, five SNVs were significantly associated to COVID‐19 severity, one of them previously related to CAD.