bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prolonged bleeding time and lupus anticoagulant: A second paradox in the antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Urbanus R. T. , de Laat H. B. , de Groot P. G. , Derksen R. H. W. M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) often appear concomitantly. Lupus nephritis and antiphospholipid antibody–related ischemic nephropathy cannot be distinguished clinically, although their etiology and treatment differ greatly. Examination of a renal biopsy sample is therefore essential in order to provide the correct treatment. We have observed that patients with lupus anticoagulant (LAC), a serologic marker for APS, often have a prolonged bleeding time, which is a contraindication for performing a percutaneous renal biopsy. We undertook this study to evaluate systematically the bleeding time in 27 consecutive patients.MethodsThe bleeding time was measured in 27 patients who were persistently positive for LAC and who were not exposed to aspirin or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Platelet function and von Willebrand factor (vWF) parameters were subsequently assessed in patients with a prolonged bleeding time.ResultsTwenty‐one of 27 patients (78%) had a prolonged bleeding time despite a normal platelet count in the majority of patients (81%). Platelet functioning and vWF parameters in these 21 patients were normal, except for those in 1 patient with a mild storage pool disease.ConclusionWith this study, we introduce yet another paradox in the phenomenon of APS. Although a prolonged bleeding time is generally accepted to be a sign of defective primary hemostasis, LAC is associated with thrombosis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism behind this disturbance of primary hemostasis.
Rituximab improves peripheral B cell abnormalities in human systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Anolik Jennifer H. , Barnard Jennifer , Cappione Amedeo , Pugh‐Bernard Aimee E. , Felgar Raymond E. , Looney R. John , Sanz Iñaki 
Published: November 2004

AbstractObjectiveB lymphocyte depletion has recently emerged as a promising approach to the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). As part of a phase I/II dose‐ranging trial of rituximab in the treatment of SLE, we evaluated the fate of discrete B cell subsets in the setting of selective depletion by anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody and during the B cell recovery phase.MethodsB cell depletion and phenotype were examined by flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells for CD19, CD20, CD27, IgD, and CD38 expression. Changes in autoreactive B lymphocytes and plasma cells were assessed by determination of serum autoantibody levels (anti–double‐stranded DNA and VH4.34) and by direct monitoring of a unique autoreactive B cell population bearing surface antibodies whose heavy chain is encoded by the VH4.34 gene segment.ResultsCompared with normal controls, SLE patients displayed several abnormalities in peripheral B cell homeostasis at baseline, including naive lymphopenia, expansion of a CD27−,IgD− (double negative) population, and expansion of circulating plasmablasts. Remarkably, these abnormalities resolved after effective B cell depletion with rituximab and immune reconstitution. The frequency of autoreactive VH4.34 memory B cells also decreased 1 year posttreatment, despite the presence of low levels of residual memory B cells at the point of maximal B cell depletion and persistently elevated serum autoantibody titers in most patients.ConclusionThis study is the first to show evidence that in SLE, specific B cell depletion therapy with rituximab dramatically improves abnormalities in B cell homeostasis and tolerance that are characteristic of this disease. The persistence of elevated autoantibody titers may reflect the presence of low levels of residual autoreactive memory B cells and/or long‐lived autoreactive plasma cells.
Use of 3H‐glucosamine and 35S‐sulfate with cultured human chondrocytes to determine the effect of glucosamine concentration on formation of chondroitin sulfate
Authors: Mroz Paula J. , Silbert Jeremiah E. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether addition of glucosamine will stimulate synthesis of chondroitin sulfate by cultures of human chondrocytes, and to compare the relative contribution of endogenous glucosamine to exogenous glucosamine in forming chondroitin sulfate.MethodsCultured human chondrocytes were incubated with 35S‐sulfate and various amounts of glucosamine to determine whether any incremental formation of chondroitin 35S‐sulfate occurred. Similarly, chondrocytes incubated with variable concentrations of 3H‐glucosamine were examined to determine how much the incorporation into 3H‐chondroitin sulfate was diluted by provision of endogenous glucosamine that was derived by metabolism from glucose.ResultsNo stimulation of chondroitin 35S‐sulfate synthesis was found at concentrations of glucosamine up to 1 mM, a concentration of 3H‐glucosamine well above the concentrations that could be presented to cartilage after ingestion of advertised amounts of glucosamine. Furthermore, there was significant dilution of exogenous glucosamine by endogenous glucosamine provided by metabolism from glucose.ConclusionThe results indicate that exogenous glucosamine does not stimulate chondroitin sulfate synthesis by human chondrocytes. Furthermore, the cells have the capacity to form amounts of glucosamine from glucose far in excess of that provided from exogenous sources, except at concentrations greater than could possibly be achieved with oral administration of glucosamine.
The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone on lumbar spine bone mineral density in patients with quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Hartkamp A. , Geenen R. , Godaert G. L. R. , Bijl M. , Bijlsma J. W. J. , Derksen R. H. W. M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractObjectiveBecause dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an adrenal steroid hormone with weak intrinsic androgenic properties that can be converted in peripheral tissues into more potent sex hormones, one might expect a positive effect of DHEA on bone mineral density (BMD). We evaluated the effects on lumbar BMD of oral DHEA, 200 mg/day, for 1 year in female patients with quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsThe study subjects were 60 women with SLE. All participants gave informed consent to participate in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study on the effects of DHEA on fatigue and general well‐being. BMD was measured with dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at baseline and after 12 months.ResultsFifty‐eight patients (mean age 42.6 years) could be evaluated; 2 patients (both in the DHEA group) refused to undergo DEXA a second time. In premenopausal women, DHEA did not influence BMD significantly. There was a significant increase in BMD with use of DHEA in postmenopausal women who were not receiving bisphosphonates or estrogen‐containing medications. This increase was not observed in the group receiving placebo.ConclusionIn premenopausal women with quiescent SLE, use of DHEA does not have a significant effect on BMD. DHEA may increase BMD in postmenopausal SLE patients if they are not already protected from bone loss by use of estrogens or bisphosphonates. Small numbers, due to the absence of stratification for menopausal status, and the use of antiresorptive agents at randomization preclude firmer conclusions based on the results of this study.
Do breast‐feeding and other reproductive factors influence future risk of rheumatoid arthritis?: Results from the Nurses' Health Study
Authors: Karlson Elizabeth W. , Mandl Lisa A. , Hankinson Susan E. , Grodstein Francine 
Published: November 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the contribution of female hormonal factors occurring prior to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), such as age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, breast‐feeding, use of oral contraceptives (OCs), irregular menstrual cycles, and postmenopausal hormone (PMH) use, to the subsequent development of RA in a large female cohort.MethodsWe studied female reproductive and hormonal risk factors for RA in a cohort of 121,700 women enrolled in the longitudinal Nurses' Health Study. The diagnosis of incident RA (between 1976 and 2002) in 674 women was confirmed by a connective tissue disease screening questionnaire and blinded medical record review for American College of Rheumatology criteria. Sixty percent of the patients with RA were rheumatoid factor positive. The relationship between potential risk factors, including age, age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, total lifetime history of breast‐feeding, use of OCs, and irregular menstrual cycles and the multivariate‐adjusted risk of RA was estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsUsing a multivariate model that adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, parity, and other hormonal factors, we observed a strong trend for decreasing risk of RA with increasing duration of breast‐feeding (P for trend = 0.001). For women who breast‐fed (compared with parous women who did not breast‐feed), the risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were as follows: breast‐feeding for ≤3 total months, RR 1.0 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.8‐1.2); for 4–11 total months, RR 0.9 (95% CI 0.7–1.1); for 12–23 total months, RR 0.8 (95% CI 0.6–1.0); and for ≥24 total months, RR 0.5 (95% CI 0.3–0.8). Very irregular menstrual cycles were associated with an increased risk of RA (RR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0–2.0). Age at menarche ≤10 years was associated with an increased risk of seropositive RA (RR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.4) but not significantly associated with risk of RA. Parity, total number of children, age at first birth, and OC use were not associated with an increased risk of RA in this cohort.ConclusionIn this large cohort, breast‐feeding for >12 months was inversely related to the development of RA. This apparent effect was dose‐dependent, with a significant trend toward lower risk with longer duration of breast‐feeding. Irregular menstrual cycles and earlier age at menarche increased the risk of RA. Other reproductive hormonal factors were not associated with RA risk.
Judgment of information quality and cognitive authority in the Web
Authors: Rieh Soo Young 
Published: November 2004

AbstractIn the Web, making judgments of information quality and authority is a difficult task for most users because overall, there is no quality control mechanism. This study examines the problem of the judgment of information quality and cognitive authority by observing people's searching behavior in the Web. Its purpose is to understand the various factors that influence people's judgment of quality and authority in the Web, and the effects of those judgments on selection behaviors. Fifteen scholars from diverse disciplines participated, and data were collected combining verbal protocols during the searches, search logs, and postsearch interviews. It was found that the subjects made two distinct kinds of judgment: predictive judgment, and evaluative judgment. The factors influencing each judgment of quality and authority were identified in terms of characteristics of information objects, characteristics of sources, knowledge, situation, ranking in search output, and general assumption. Implications for Web design that will effectively support people's judgments of quality and authority are also discussed.
Wie heiß wurde der Spannstahl der Brücke über die BAB 2 während des Brandes am 16. 07. 2004?
Authors: Herschelmann Falk , Schmidt‐Döhl Frank , Richter Ekkehard , Schwick Wulf 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWährend eines Brandes am 16. 07. 2004 wurde eine Brücke über die BAB 2 stark beschädigt. Die Sanierungsfähigkeit hängt i. w. davon ab, welche Temperatur die Spannstähle während des Brandes erreicht haben. Mit Hilfe rechnerischer Simulationen und bauchemischer Untersuchungen des Betons konnte ermittelt werden, daß die Spannstähle eine Temperatur von 200 °C nicht erreicht haben. Plastische Dehnungen und bleibende Festigkeitseinbußen des Spannstahls können daher mit großer Sicherheit ausgeschlossen werden. Die Brücke ist damit sanierungsfähig, und zwar mit verhältnismäßig geringem Aufwand.
Monitoring the biological activity of the composting process: Oxygen uptake rate (OUR), respirometric index (RI), and respiratory quotient (RQ)
Authors: Gea Teresa , Barrena Raquel , Artola Adriana , Sánchez Antoni 
Published: November 2004

AbstractComposting of several organic wastes of different chemical composition (source‐separated organic fraction of municipal solid waste, dewatered raw sludge, dewatered anaerobically digested sludge and paper sludge) was carried out under controlled conditions to study the suitability of different biological indexes (oxygen uptake rate, respirometric index, and respiratory quotient) to monitor the biological activity of the composting process. Among the indexes tested, oxygen uptake rate (also referred to as dynamic respirometric index) provided the most reliable values of microbial activity in a compost environment. On the other hand, values of the static respirometric index measured at process temperature, especially in the early stages of the composting process, were significantly lower than those of the dynamic index, which was probably due to oxygen diffusion limitations present in static systems. Both static and dynamic indexes were similar during the maturation phase. Static respirometric index measured at 37°C should not be used with samples obtained during the thermophilic phase, since it resulted in an underestimation of the respiration values. Respiratory quotient presented only slight variations when changing the process temperature or the waste considered, and its use should be restricted to ensure aerobic conditions in the composting matrix. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Media coverage of ‘decades of disparity’ in ethnic mortality in Aotearoa
Authors: Hodgetts Darrin , Masters Bridgette , Robertson Neville 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor some time we have known that factors such as economic prosperity, community cohesion, and social justice bear on health. These societal influences are particularly pertinent to the health of indigenous groups, such as Maori, who are still responding to processes of colonization. In July 2003 the New Zealand Ministry of Health published a report entitled ‘Decades of Disparity’, which proposed (among other things) that neoliberal policies of the last two decades impacted negatively on mortality rates for Maori and Pacific peoples, when compared with Pakeha. In this article we explore media coverage of this report through analyses of media releases, radio, television and newspaper items. It is argued that as the story evolved media increasingly challenged the importance of societal determinants of health, preferring individual level explanations. As a result coverage failed to give due emphasis to structural health concerns for Maori, which necessitate social change. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Triple‐Helix Directed Cleavage of Double‐Stranded DNA by Benzoquinoquinoxaline‐1,10‐phenanthroline Conjugates
Authors: Zaid Ahmed , Sun Jian‐Sheng , Nguyen Chi‐Hung , Bisagni Emile , Garestier Thérèse , Grierson David S. , Zain Rula 
Published: November 2004

AbstractOligonucleotide‐directed triple‐helix formation provides a rational means to interfere with genomic DNA targets and to direct modifications at specific sites. We have developed a new class of compounds that, at low concentrations, efficiently targets and damages double‐stranded DNA specifically at the site where a triple‐helical structure is formed. In these new compounds, a triple‐helix‐specific intercalator—benzoquinoquinoxaline (BQQ)—was coupled to one of two isomeric 1,10‐phenanthrolinecarboxaldehyde derivatives. 1,10‐Phenanthroline derivatives are known to cleave DNA in the presence of copper ions. The obtained BQQ‐1,10‐phenanthroline (BQQ–OP) conjugates were compared with regard to their ability to cleave triple‐helix DNA. Both conjugates displayed a sequence preference inside the triple‐helical site, as judged from the more pronounced cleavage obtained at stretches of T⋅A×T base triplets.
Cofactor‐Apoprotein Hydrogen Bonding in Oxidized and Fully Reduced Flavodoxin Monitored by Trans‐Hydrogen‐Bond Scalar Couplings
Authors: Löhr Frank , Yalloway Gary N. , Mayhew Stephen G. , Rüterjans Heinz 
Published: November 2004

AbstractHydrogen bonding plays a key role in the tight binding of the FMN cofactor and the regulation of its redox properties in flavodoxins. Hydrogen bonding interactions can be directly observed in solution by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy through the scalar couplings between donor and acceptor nuclei. Here we report on the detection of intermolecular trans‐hydrogen‐bond couplings (hJ) between the flavin ring system and the backbone of Desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin in the oxidized and the two‐electron reduced states. For this purpose, experiments are adapted from pulse sequences previously applied to determining hJ coupling constants in nucleic acid–base pairs and proteins. The resulting h2JN,N, h4JN,N, h3JC,N, and h1JH,N couplings involve the 15N(1), 13C(2), and 15N(3) nuclei of the pyrimidine moiety of FMN, whereas no such interactions are detectable for 13C(4) and 15N(5). Several long‐range 15N–15N, 13C–15N, and 1H–15N J‐coupling constants within the flavin are obtained as “by‐products”. The magnitudes of both hJ and regular J couplings are found to be dependent on the redox state. In general, good correlations between hJ coupling constants and donor‐group 1H chemical shifts and also crystallographic donor–acceptor distances are observed.
Limitations of successive transradial approach in the same arm: The Japanese experience
Authors: Sakai Hideaki , Ikeda Satoshi , Harada Takashi , Yonashiro Suguru , Ozumi Kiyoshi , Ohe Haruto , Ochiai Masahiko , Miyahara Yoshiyuki , Kohno Shigeru 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe transradial approach (TRA) has been used for diagnostic and interventional cardiology. It has not previously been determined how many times the same radial artery can be cannulated without complications. A total of 812 patients (502 men and 310 women) underwent angiography or angioplasty via the TRA between 1997 and 1999 at our institution with a total of 1,438 procedures. Sheaths were 5 (55%) or 6 Fr (45%). Dropout rates of 3.5% and 7.9% were found at the second TRA attempt in the men and the women, respectively. Of the 62 TRA failures, 56 (90%) were due to narrowing or occlusion of the radial artery after the previous TRA procedure. A third TRA procedure was possible in 90% of the men and 80% of the women. A fifth TRA procedure was possible in 70% of the men and 50% of the women. The dropout rates for TRA increased as successive punctures were performed. This was primarily due to vessel narrowing and occlusion occurring as a function of multiple punctures. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:204–208. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Comparative Study of the Film‐Drainage Models for Coalescence of Drops and Bubbles at Flat Interface
Authors: Ghosh P. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFilm‐drainage models are widely used to estimate the coalescence time of drops and bubbles. These models were developed and studied based on the experimental data obtained from only a few systems. Recent studies have shown that there are many systems where the estimation based on these models is quite different from the experimental observations. The present work investigates the applicability of these models by using data from a wide variety of systems. Coalescence times of a single drop and bubble are studied at flat liquid‐liquid and air‐water interfaces. Systems having different physical properties are studied. All these systems contain surface‐active substances. The models are compared with the experimental data. The possible reasons for deviation of these models from the experimental data are pointed out.
[2 + 2] Carbonylative Cycloaddition Catalyzed by Palladium: Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Lactams.
Authors: Troisi Luigino , De Vitis Luisella , Granito Catia , Pilati Tullio , Pindinelli Emanuela 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of Some ω‐(1H‐Imidazol‐1‐yl)‐N‐phenylacetamide and Propionamide Derivatives.
Authors: Soyer Zeynep , Kilic Fatma Sultan , Erol Kevser , Pabuccuoglu Varol 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Differential Antiproliferative Activity of New Benzimidazole‐4,7‐diones.
Authors: Garuti Laura , Roberti Marinella , Pizzirani Daniela , Pession Annalisa , Leoncini Emanuela , Cenci Valentina , Hrelia Silvana 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxime‐Based Methods for Synthesis of Stereodefined Acyclic Polyfunctionalized δ‐Azido‐nitriles and 5‐Substituted Isoxazoles from Carbohydrate Derivatives.
Authors: Passacantilli Pietro , Pepe Simona , Piancatelli Giovanni , Pigini Daniela , Squarcia Antonella 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Clinical utility of indium 111‐capromab pendetide immunoscintigraphy in the detection of early, recurrent prostate carcinoma after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Raj Ganesh V. , Partin Alan W. , Polascik Thomas J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDDespite the ability of radical prostatectomy to eradicate prostate carcinoma, biochemical evidence of recurrent prostate carcinoma may be seen in approximately 40% of patients 15 years after they undergo surgery. Localization of recurrent disease after radical prostatectomy is difficult and may greatly influence subsequent clinical management. The authors examined the utility of indium 111 (111In)‐capromab pendetide immunoscintigraphy to detect recurrent prostate carcinoma radiographically in men with early biochemical evidence of failure (serum prostate specific antigen [PSA] ≤ 4.0 ng/mL) and assessed the minimum serum PSA level necessary for imaging recurrent disease.METHODSBetween May 1987 and August 1995, 255 hormone‐naïve men with a mean (± standard deviation) age of 65 years ± 7 years who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate carcinoma were followed without adjuvant therapy until early PSA recurrence in this multicenter study. Preoperatively, all patients had negative bone scans and pathologically negative lymph nodes, and they did not undergo hormonal ablation, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy preoperatively or postoperatively until the 111In‐capromab pendetide scan was performed. All men in this study had postoperative serum PSA levels ≤ 4.0 ng/mL at the time of radionuclide imaging. All men underwent imaging with the capromab pendetide scan to localize recurrent disease, and charts were reviewed to document clinical evidence of recurrence.RESULTSPathologic findings included mean Gleason scores of 6.7 ± 1.2; pathologic tumors classified as pT2a (18%), pT2b (26%), pT3a (38%), pT3b (16%), and pT4a (2%); a pathologic lymph node status of pN0 (100%); positive surgical margins (44%); and perineural invasion (42%). Capromab pendetide uptake was seen in 72% of 255 men throughout a range of patients' postoperative serum PSA levels (0.1–4.0 ng/mL), with 31% of men having local uptake (prostatic fossa) only. Of 151 men who underwent additional imaging studies, 16 of 139 men (12%) and 15 of 92 men (16%) showed evidence of recurrent disease by bone scintigraphy and computed tomography scans, respectively. Gleason score, pathologic stage, perineural invasion, and margin status were not correlated significantly with the 111In‐capromab pendetide scan.CONCLUSIONSCapromab pendetide imaging can localize early PSA recurrence and may guide appropriate treatment after patients undergo radical prostatectomy. No minimum serum PSA value was needed to potentially detect radiographic disease after surgery. Further confirmatory studies and long‐term follow‐up of this cohort documenting response to salvage therapy are needed to validate these imaging findings. Cancer 2002;94:987–96. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10337