bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of qualitative characters of head and grain of local gogo rice from Padang Lawas
Authors: Wahyuni H , Alfi R , Lubis N E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The performance of plant qualitative characters is a very important early stage in plant breeding programs that are influenced by simple genes. This is the basis for selecting parent sources in the assembly program for new high-yielding varieties. This research was conducted in August 2022 without a design (plant per row). The results showed that there were 6 individuals with green stems and 1 individual with yellowish green color. Based on the color character of the base of the stem, 5 individuals were found to be green, 1 individual was green with purple stripes and 1 individual was purple. In the leaf color character, there were 3 green individuals, 3 dark green individuals and 1 light green individual. There are 5 white individuals and 2 red individuals based on the character of the color of the rice. If based on the character of grain color there are 6 individuals with yellow color and 1 individual with brownish yellow color and if based on the character of the presence of grain tails there are 6 individuals who do not have grain tails and 1 individual has grain tails.
Combination of inorganic and bio-organic fertilizer on growth and production of Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Hapsoh  , Dini I R , Wawan  , Rifa’i M , Khoiruddin F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The excessive use of inorganic fertilizers by farmers in Riau Province is quite worrying about the decline in soil quality. Based on this, this study aims to obtain the best combination dose of inorganic fertilizer N, P, K with bio-organic fertilizer on the growth and production of rice. The research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications so that 24 experimental units were obtained with the treatments being tested were P0= 100% inorganic fertilizer + petroganic; P1= 100% inorganic fertilizer; P2= 100% inorganic fertilizer + 100% sludge compost; P3= 75% inorganic fertilizer + 100% sludge compost; P4= 75% inorganic fertilizer + 100% sludge compost + biofertilizer; P5= 50% inorganic fertilizer + 100% sludge compost + biofertilizer. The results showed that the application of a combination of inorganic fertilizers N, P, K with bio-organic fertilizers had not been able to increase plant height and weight of milled dry grain, but can give the same results as the application of 100% N, P, K on rice grain parameters and 1000 grain weight in a combination of 75% inorganic fertilizer, 4 tons/ha of compost, and 10 ml of biofertilizer.
Evaluation of yield attributing characters and grain yield in some promising red rice lines (Oryza sativa L.) grown in the lowland conditions
Authors: Sadimantara G R , Muhidin  , Nuraida W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The research experiment conducted on the farmer paddy field in Ranomeeto village, District of South Konawe, Indonesia from January to May 2022, to evaluate the yield attributing characters and the grain yield in some new promising lines or cultivar of red rice. The red rice lines tested are GS12-1, GS12-2, GS16-1, GS16-2, GS44-1, and control variety Inpari-33, were laid out and arranged in field using randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. The parameter measured were plant height, tiller density, productive tiller density, flowering time, harvesting times, panicle length, panicle density, filled grain percentage, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield. Differences between promising lines of red rice were found to exist when data on various yield-attributing features and grain yield were analysed. GS16-1 (89.37 cm) was the tallest plant and GS12-2 the shortest (72.74 cm). GS16-2 had the longest panicle (25.96 cm) and most grains per panicle (146.62). GS44-1 full grains, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield were highest. G12-1 lines had the most productive tillers, days to flowering, and harvest. Tiller number and productivity are positively correlated (0.908**). Tillers, productive tillers, and full grains percentage positively affect grain yield per plant.
Mycorrhizal inoculation and application of chicken manure to increase sweet potato production in acidic soil
Authors: Rahmawati N , Irmansyah T , Yudhitama D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Increased production of sweet potato can be done by expanding the planting in acid soil. Efforts to increase soil fertility and improve acid soil characteristics while maintaining environmental balance by inoculation of mycorrhizae and the use of chicken drum fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth and production of sweet potato on the application of mycorrhizae and chicken manure in acid soil. The study was conducted in Simalingkar B, Medan Tuntungan sub-district, Medan city, North Sumatra Province, from July to November 2021, using a 2-factor randomized block design. The first factor is the inoculation of mycorrhizae with 2 levels, namely without giving mycorrhizae and giving mycorrhizae 20 g/planting hole. The second factor is the application of chicken manure with 4 levels, namely 0 tons/ha, 37 tons/ha, 42 tons/ha and 47 tons/ha. The results showed that the mycorrhizal treatment had a significant effect on the degree of mycorrhizal infection. The treatment of giving chicken manure significantly affected the degree of mycorrhizal infection, the number of tubers per sample, tuber weight per sample, and harvest index. The interaction of mycorrhizal treatment and chicken manure had a significant effect on tuber weight per sample.
Feasibility of farming and farmer’s perceptions of introduced technology of rice cultivation on tidal swampland
Authors: Darsani Y R , Hairani A , Alwi M , Saleh M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tidal swampland has great potential for increasing rice production through the application of introduced technology of rice cultivation. In 2021, research has been conducted at Terusan Karya village, Bataguh district, Kapuas regency, Central Kalimantan to obtain information on the feasibility of farming and farmer’s perceptions as well as extension workers on the introduced technology of rice cultivation on tidal swampland. The survey was conducted on 10 farmers who were purposively selected, while 11 extension workers and 10 farmers who were not implementing introduced technology were randomly selected as comparisons. The introduced technology includes water management, land preparation, amelioration and fertilization, adaptive varieties, and management of plant-disturbing organisms. Data were collected through interviews with farmers using a structured questionnaire. These data include inputs and outputs of rice farming and perceptions of farmers and extension workers on the introduced technology. The data were analyzed using the balance of costs and revenues. The results showed that the introduced technology increased rice production by 27.79% compared to farmer technology. The introduced technology is profitable and feasible to be developed on a large scale with Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio (MBCR) value >2. The perception of farmers and extension workers is positive towards the introduced technology.
The influence of integrated agro-tourism cluster development on regional development in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Marpaung M , Nasution Z , Sirojuzilam  , Andayani L S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study analyses the relationship between the development of agro-tourism clusters and regional development in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. This study collected various opinions from the government and the public in 18 districts/cities in North Sumatra through in-depth interviews and structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis for hypothesis testing is a certainty test (R2), simultaneous test (F test), and partial test (t test). The results showed that the development of an integrated agro-tourism cluster had a positive and significant impact on the development of the province of North Sumatra. These results have implications for the importance of agro-tourism cluster development policies in North Sumatra Province.
Factor influencing the success of integrated agricultural system in farmer’s group in Boyolali Regency, Central Java
Authors: Purnomo S H , Sari A I , Emawati S , Rahayu E T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The agricultural sector mainly consists of crops and livestock which is an integrated system which has the aim of utilizing each other’s waste so as to reduce the impact of environmental pollution. The goal of this study is to categorize the variables that affect the Boyolali Regency’s integrated agricultural system for rice and beef cattle. Purposive sampling was used in this study, which included 153 respondents from Boyolali Regency’s beef cattle breeders and rice farmers. A survey with questionnaires filled out by participants is the approach used to acquire the data. Validity, reliability, multiple linear regression analysis, followed by the determination test (R2), F test and t test are all meant as the data analysis techniques. The validity and reliability test yielded results that were both valid and reliable. Multiple linear regression analysis obtained the obtained the equation Y = 4.421 + 0.211 X1 + 0.003 X2 + 0.591 X3. Based on the t-test, individual factors and environmental factors of farmers have an important effect on farmers’ business performance, while business behavior factors have no effect. The results showed that individual factors and environmental factors can affect the performance of farmers’ businesses in achieving success in an integrated farming system.
Efficiency of cassava farming with an input-output analysis approach in the Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Cahyaningsih A F , Rahayu E S , Kusnandar  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Wonogiri Regency was the area with the highest cassava production in Central Java in 2021, but the level of productivity is lower than the national productivity. The level of productivity is related to the inefficiency of inputs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficiency of cassava farming through the relationship between the inputs and outputs of cassava and socioeconomic factor which affects the efficiency. The basic method of the research is descriptive and quantitative, with primary data from 105 cassava farmers. Input-output analysis of the efficiency level use approach of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and analysis of socioeconomic factors affecting the efficiency level with Tobit’s regression. The input-output analysis with DEA results showed that 32% of cassava farmers in Wonogiri were already technically efficient, with an average value of 0.855. Increasing productivity through efficiency can be done by reducing the use of slack inputs, especially in the seed, organic fertilizer, and urea fertilizer. The Tobit regression results showed that farmers’ experience, education, and participation in the farmers’ group positively affected cassava’s efficiency in the Wonogiri Regency. The study’s implication is to increase farmer groups’ role in providing information on the efficient use of inputs needed to increase cassava productivity.
Value chain analysis of fresh dairy milk in Sleman Regency
Authors: Wijiono F L , Kusumastuti T A , Putra A R S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The right value chain influences effectiveness and efficiency. The use of the right value chain will provide benefits in economic and environmental. The value chain that can still be maximized is the fresh dairy milk. This paper aimed to analyze the fresh dairy milk channel, marketing margin, and marketing efficiency in Pakem Subdistrict and Cangkringan Subdistrict, Sleman Regency. The research was conducted to collect data from 35 farmers, actors involved, and dairy cooperatives as respondents who were selected using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The results showed that there are four marketing channels of fresh dairy milk but ineffective due to high marketing margins and a low Farmer’s Share (FS) value of <60. Poor marketing channels have an economic impact and environmental impact. The economic impact on decreasing farmers’ income and reducing farmers’ welfare. While the environmental impact is an increase in the use of fuel in the distribution of fresh dairy milk and the performance of the dairy industry.
Production function analysis of green onions in Merdeka Subdistrict, Karo Regency, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Ginting G S B , Pane T C , Supriana T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Green onions were the most widely cultivated commodity in Merdeka Subdistrict. Unfortunately, green onions productivity in Karo Regency was below other regions in Java. This study aimed to analyse the effect of variables of land area, seed, labour, fertilizer, and technology on green onions production, and analyse the efficiency of those production factors. The data was analysed by the Ordinary Least Square method with Cobb-Douglas’s production function. The results of the analysis showed that in Model-1 (with a dummy variable of technology included), the variables of land area, seed, and labour had a positive significant effect. In Model-2 (without a dummy variable of technology included), the variables of land area and seed had a positive significant effect. In Model-3 (for farmers with land area < 1000 m2), the variables of seed, labour, and fertilizer had a positive significant effect, while land area was insignificant. Estimations on the three models showed irrational or inefficient production areas or increasing returns to scale. In Model-4 (for farmers with land area > 1000 m2), the variables of land area and seed had a positive significant effect, while labour and fertilizer were insignificant with rational or efficient production areas or decreasing returns to scale.
The agricultural sustainability in rainfed land through the application of largo super technology packages
Authors: Musfal  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research of largo super technology packages aimed to observe the effect of the complete and incomplete technology packages in rainfed land. This research was conducted in Desa Baru, Batang Kuis District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatera from July to October 2019. The tested treatments were packages of A, B, C, D and farmer method (as comparison). The treatments were arranged according to a randomized block design with three replications on a 4x5 m2 plot. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the tested Largo Super technology packages have different effects. The more complete the components of the technology package provided, the higher the yields and the level of profit obtained. On the other hand, the less technology components provided, the lower the yields and the level of profit provided. On average, the application of direct seeding method with Jarwo planting system provided the higher yields and profit level than the farmer method that using the Tegel planting system. The increase in rice yields according to direct seeding method with the Jarwo planting system, because it is followed by an increase in the plant population.
Analysis of energy used on shallot farming in Food Estate, Hutajulu, North Sumatra
Authors: Sigalingging R , Simanihuruk J , Vinolina N S , Sigalingging C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Food Estates is a government program proposed to meet the growing population’s food needs. Data from the field show the use of diesel fuel, electricity and chemicals in applying pesticides, fertilizers and fungicides that negatively impact the environment and require strategies to improve energy efficiency. This study analyzed the energy used for shallot farming of 0.2 ha. Shallot cultivation involves the following stages: 1) ploughing with a tractor along with a trailer. 2) planting and maintenance, 3) harvesting, and 4) transportation. Each stage of shallot cultivation uses input from natural resources or energy. The result shows that the highest energy was for manure application (23,116.41 MJ/ha), while the lowest was electricity energy.
Tea waste briquette molder as an effort to reuse organic waste
Authors: Harahap L A , Daulay S B , Munir A P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Production and consumption of tea in Indonesia can be considered moderate, thus giving rise to the generation of tea waste. The same potential also exists in tea producing and consuming countries such as China and India. Tea waste itself can be processed further to make charcoal briquettes. The technology in said briquettes has been existed since long, dated to 1989 and up to today. Nowadays various biowaste has been evaluated for use as briquette material. This paper will talk about a series of research that designed a tea waste briquette molder, a modification to the molder while also considering the mix of tea waste with other biowaste materials such as corncob and rice husk. It is generally understood that the molder is feasible to use as means to produce tea waste briquettes, but the mixture of the material itself can be explored further since there is other potential biowaste to use, while corncob and rice husk itself shows not far from standard performance if not beyond it. The molder and its modification holds potential use as a solution on agricultural waste handling, especially on reusing tea waste, combined with other agricultural waste.
Bone powder miller optimization
Authors: Harahap L A , Daulay S B , Munir A P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bone waste has started to emerging problem worldwide with the rise of meat consumption, thus the further processing of bone waste would help in tackling the problem as the powdered bone itself can be used for various use, from animal feed additive to cement replacement in concrete making. The built bone powder miller has performance of effective capacity of 12.03 kg/hour, 8% damaged product, and 0.35% bone powder moisture, in order to attain better performance, the miller thus optimized through the means of varying drying temperature, sieve hole size, rotation speed and testing several levels of workloads and finally testing various bone material to be powdered. Individual optimization procces was able to show best performance for optimized variables, but has no improvement to miller performance using original setting. the bone miller is expected to be able to alleviate cow bone waste problem and converting it to usable materials in form of bone powder, in turn, contributing to waste reduction while adopting zero waste concept for sustainable agricultural production.
Erosion control at Karai Sub Watershed
Authors: Nasution D L S , Ayu P C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Karai Sub watershed was part of Ular Watershed that reported land use changed nowadays. This condition risk to this watershed health condition especially for erosion. This study aims to calculating erosion in existing condition then determine the erosion control scenario based on land use change scenario. This study is conducted by calculate the erosion value by USLE Method using Geographic Information System (GIS). The scenarios of land use change simulation determined by change the production and shrub land use into forest land use for several varying scenario by increasing the existing forest to ten percent higher at scenario 1 and twenty percent higher at scenario 2. The best rational scenario in reducing erosion will be chosen as erosion control at Karai Sub Watershed. The result of study shown the erosion value at existing condition is 220.02 ton/ha/yr and classified as high level hazard. The best scenario is in controlling erosion and sedimentation condition was the second scenario by increasing the forest land use up to forty percent that reduce erosion in to 148.27 and classified as medium hazard level.
Comparison of biogas production from various blends of biomass
Authors: Raju  , Maharani Y 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Because of its high organic content, biomass waste from agriculture and animals can serve as a source of raw materials for the production of biogas. The goal of this study is to determine the ideal volume and rate of biogas generation as well as the digester temperature, and material pH. This research was conducted by experimental method with 3 treatments and 3 replications, namely a mixture of cow dung with rice straw (P1), corn cobs (P2), and water hyacinth (P3). The results showed that the best biogas yield was obtained from a mixture of cow dung and rice straw (P1) with the highest initial and final temperature values of 29.8 0C and 27.3 0C, and the highest initial and final pH of 6.8 and 7.0. The highest biogas volume was 66.03 L and the highest gas production rate was 7.45 L/day.
Utilization of Biogas in Generators to Generate Electricity
Authors: Raju  , Panggabean S , Maharani Y 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Agricultural and livestock biomass waste is a potential source of basic materials in producing biogas because the organic content it has is quite high so it needs to be used in generators as engine fuel mixtures. The purpose of the research is to get the best treatment by looking at the time the generator operates and the highest electrical power produced. This research was conducted using an experimental method with 3 treatments with 3 replications, namely using a mixture of cow dung with rice straw (P1), cow dung with corn cobs (P2), and cow dung with water hyacinth (P3), and the use of biogas and LPG as generator fuel with biogas levels of 5, 10, and 15% and LPG 95, 90, and 85%. The results showed that the best biogas yield was obtained from a mixture of cow dung and rice straw (P1) with a level of 5%. Biogas with a level of 5% can turn on the generator for longer. The generator can operate for 10.10 minutes by producing 946 watts of electrical power.
Pomelo (Citrus maxima. Merr) essential oil extraction by cold pressing and hydrodistillation methods and comparison of chemical composition
Authors: Tran T H , An T N T , Phat D T , Minh L T N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Essential oils extraction from the shell bring many applications in life, as well as contribute to the development of the food flavoring and cosmetic industry. Pomelo (Citrus maxima Merr) essential oil (EO) was extracted by cold pressing and hydrodistillation methods. The EO content obtained was 0.067% and 0.33%, respectively. The chemical composition was determined by the GC-MS analysis method, with 4 main components being D-Limonene, β-Myrcene, α-Pinene, and α-Phellandrene which exhibited high antibacterial and antioxidant capacity). The EO obtained from pomelo peels by cold pressing conditions was limited and less effective with more natural aroma, as compared to the hydrodistillation methods. Therefore, further research on EO pressing equipment and methods that can be used for effective oil extraction and recovery are necessary.