bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MXene-Based Perfect Absorber Design and Refractive Index Sensing Performance
Authors: Korkmaz Huseyin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, a MXene-based electromagnetic absorber with a simple design at terahertz frequencies is proposed. An absorber that has a MXene layer drilled into with square and circular cavities and a thin aluminum layer as a reflector was examined. With the proper design of the structure dimensions, a MXene-based refractive index sensor with a dual-band at THz frequency and

$$99.93\%$$

99.93
%

and

$$97.85\%$$

97.85
%

absorption levels were obtained. The proposed design achieved 1983 and 1935 Q-factor values at frequencies of 0.446 THz and 0.583 THz, respectively. The proposed sensor with fractional bandwidth of

$$0.050\%$$

0.050
%

and

$$0.052\%$$

0.052
%

has sensitivity values of 686.2 and 557.6 (GHz/RIU). The figure of merit of the proposed sensor is calculated as 3049.8 and 1852.5 (1/RIU), and the proposed sensor is compared with sensor available in the literature. Since the designed absorber can detect refractive index changes, it also has potential applications in the identification of biological samples.
Manufacturing ownership rights in practice: Property dynamics in an urban poor settlement in Mumbai—The exemplary case of Dharavi
Authors: Patil Varun , Fuchs Martin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a case study of Dharavi, an urban poor settlement in Mumbai, often called Asia’s largest slum. It seeks to understand the ownership of urban property through an empirical—anthropological and sociological—study asking how various socially disadvantaged groups “do” property on the ground and try to thicken their claims on tenements and land. Advancing the analytics of legal pluralism, the paper shows how different legal registers of property interact in property conflicts over urban renewal and exposes their hybrid character. Refining the formal/informal binarity, the article shows how legal dimensions are woven into the livelihood strategies of urban poor and are reshaped in their everyday struggles for recognition as legitimate urban citizens who try to strengthen their right to the city.
Fast polynomial arithmetic in homomorphic encryption with cyclo-multiquadratic fields
Authors: Blanco-Chacón Iván , Pedrouzo-Ulloa Alberto , Njah Nchiwo Rahinatou Y. , Barbero-Lucas Beatriz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We discuss the advantages and limitations of cyclotomic fields to have fast polynomial arithmetic within homomorphic encryption, and show how these limitations can be overcome by replacing cyclotomic fields by a family that we refer to as cyclo-multiquadratic. This family is of particular interest due to its arithmetic efficiency properties and to the fact that the Polynomial Learning with Errors (PLWE) and Ring Learning with Errors (RLWE) problems are equivalent for it. Likewise, we provide exact expressions for the condition number for any cyclotomic field, but under what we call the twisted power basis. As a tool for our result, we obtain refined polynomial upper bounds for the condition number of cyclotomic fields with up to 6 different primes dividing the conductor. From a more practical side, we also show that for this family, swapping between NTT (Number Theoretic Transform) and coefficient representations can be achieved at least twice faster than for the usual cyclotomic family.
A bibliometric analysis of the 50 most cited articles on acromioclavicular joint reconstruction
Authors: O’Dwyer L. , Murphy B. , Davey M. S. , Morrissey D. , Cassidy J. T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The aim is to identify the 50 most cited papers and thus the most influential papers pertaining to ACJ reconstruction, and specifically, analysing the level of evidence (LOE), article content, journals occurring, and countries represented within the 50 most cited. A search of the Web of Science database was carried out using the following terms: “Acromioclavicular joint” OR “AC joint” (Topic) AND Reconstruction OR Repair (Topic). The top 50 relevant articles were analysed in relation to citations, citation density, geographic origin of the article, year published, and article type. The articles were cited a total of 6053 times. The most cited article was cited 347 times. The highest citation density was 20.02, with a mean citation density of 7.71 ± 4.13. Seventy per cent of the articles involved clinical research, 74% of which involved level IV evidence. Fifty-two per cent of the articles were published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine (AJSM). Most authors originated from USA (n = 26 or 52%), followed by Germany (n = 14 or 28%). This study revealed a paucity of articles with higher LOE among the most cited. Eight of the top 10 are either theoretical or biomechanical studies, and one reports an examination technique. Only two of the top 10 reported outcomes following surgical intervention and can thus directly guide treatment. Future research in the area of ACJ reconstruction should focus on generating high-quality interventional studies capable of informing/impacting patient care. Publishing in journals such as AJSM or Arthroscopy may lead to more citations.
Wandering and Wondering with Natural Stones: Unusual Geoscience Communication and Education Experiences in Constructed Spaces in Brazil and Finland
Authors: Eerola Toni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Raising public awareness of geosciences is an interesting field with potential for diverse experiments in geoscience communication. Such experiments can also be multi- and cross-disciplinary by mixing geosciences, arts, and humanities. Natural stones are an asset for such activities in constructed environments. Here, examples of such experiences are reported from Finland and Brazil. In the Brazilian experience, geoaesthetics and psychogeography were applied in shopping malls in Florianópolis in 2002–2004. Geography students located, mapped, described, and documented natural stones found in walls, balconies, floors, and columns of the malls by wandering. This “odd” activity was considered as a “performance” in the semi-public space. The reactions of customers towards the activity were also observed. The unusual behavior of the students aroused the curiosity of passersby, as well as of security staff, and for this reason, permission was needed to carry out the exercise. In the example from Finland, an urban geowalk took place during an International Performance Festival in the downtown area of Turku in 2014. Beyond the above-mentioned concepts and activities, georhythmics was also applied. The geological meaning of natural stones and their importance in architecture and for society were explained to the participants. This was also reinforced by sensorial and corporeal exercises involving the simulation of geological processes, i.e., georhythmics. These multidisciplinary and artistic interventions in constructed spaces were interesting and useful experiences. They involved the adaptation, development, and application of uncommon practices in unusual places for geoscience communication and education, mixing art, geology, architecture, and vanguard anti-art concepts. Such practices may help to raise public awareness of geosciences. They lift natural stones from their familiar urban contexts to enable appreciation of their origin, geoaesthetics, and applications.
Drivers of Soil Carbon Variability in North America’s Prairie Pothole Wetlands: A Review
Authors: Chizen Chantel J. , Bedard-Haughn Angela K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There is an ongoing demand for region-specific soil organic carbon estimates to support sustainable land management and inform carbon credit programs. The Prairie Pothole Region is prominent agricultural area that extends through Canada and the United States, and features a significant number of wetlands commonly referred to as prairie potholes. The contribution of these wetlands to landscape-level soil organic carbon storage is complex and may not be consistent across the region as influenced by several environmental and management factors. This study reviews existing literature to identify the main factors that contribute to variability in soil organic carbon stocks in prairie pothole wetlands. Soil organic carbon stock data from 10 studies in the Prairie Pothole Region were summarized through a meta-analysis. Variable importance and regression analyses were used to assess which factors explain variability in soil organic carbon. Wetland class explained up to 26.6% of the variability in soil organic carbon. Other important factors included ecoregion as well as land management. There were significant differences in average wetland soil organic carbon stocks across the ecoregions. Data limitations restricted our ability to accurately estimate the stocks for wetland class and land management. The findings from this study highlighted the need for targeted studies in the Northern short grassland ecoregion as well as studies that consider wetland classes under various land uses. To advance wetland carbon research in the Prairie Pothole Region, recommendations were provided on landscape-level carbon modelling, soil carbon measurement and monitoring, and improved wetland classification systems.

Graphical Abstract
Free Vibration of MEE Plate with Honeycomb Core Subjected to Thermomechanical Loads
Authors: Eroğlu Mustafa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This paper examines the vibration buckling of a sandwich nanoplate. The top and bottom layers are piezoelectric Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) and Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4), while the core is a metal (Ti6Al4V) honeycomb.

Methods
Nonlocal strain gradient elasticity and sinusoidal higher-order deformation theories were applied. The sandwich nanoplate’s motion equations were calculated using Hamilton’s principle and the piezoelectric surface plates’ magnetostrictive, electroelastic, and thermal properties. Next, Navier equations were solved. The study considered the geometric properties of the honeycomb-shaped core of the sandwich nanoplate, its nonlocal characteristics, temperature change, and the effects of electric and magnetic potentials. The study aimed to examine the sandwich nanoplate’s dimensionless fundamental natural frequencies.

Results
Considering the given context, the natural frequencies decrease significantly when the temperature difference is applied to the sandwich nanoplate, which has a metal honeycomb structure at its core. Vibration buckling takes place at around 1980 K. In addition, when the thickness ratio of the honeycomb structure is increased, the natural frequencies decrease, whereas they increase with an increase in the edge ratio.

Conclusion
This research presents innovative findings regarding the creation and utilization of nanosensors, transducers, and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) engineered for high-temperature environments, enhancing the current state-of-the-art in nanoscale-free vibration analysis.
African American College Students’ Contextual Emotion Expression
Authors: Brown Deon W. , Lozada Fantasy T. , Serpell Zewelanji N. , Dzokoto Vivian A. , Dunsmore Julie C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The current study aimed to explore patterns of self-reported emotion expression across familial and college campus contexts among African American college students and the associations of these patterns with contextual features on college campuses (i.e., racial demographics of the university overall and students’ friend group and racial discrimination experiences). Theoretical support included Triple Quandary Theory and emotional development models. Online survey data from 169 self-identified African American college students (62.4% female; M
age = 20.60) across three college campuses were analyzed to compare reports of emotion expression with family members and emotion expression on campus. Additionally, family and campus emotion expression reports were analyzed via latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify latent profiles of emotion expression and their predictors. Four profiles of emotion expression across familial and college campus contexts emerged: Positive Low Expressors (n = 55; 32%), High Family – Low Campus Expressors (n = 44; 26%), Consistent Expressors (n = 37; 22%), and Low Family Positive – Consistent Negative Expressors (n = 33; 20%). College campus type was not a significant predictor of profile membership. However, campus experiences of racial discrimination and racial composition of friend group were significant predictors. African American college students’ varying emotion expression in familial domains relative to public domains (i.e., college campuses) may reflect variation in their racial experiences. These findings have implications for a contextual based understanding of African Americans’ emotional competence, broadly, and the necessity for colleges to consider how campus experiences shape African American college students’ emotional functioning.
Sacral Alar-Iliac (SAI) screw diameter is not associated with pelvic fixation failure for neuromuscular scoliosis patients
Authors: Tetreault Tyler A. , Myers Annika Y. , Valenzuela-Moss Jaqueline , Wren Tishya A. L. , Heffernan Michael J. , Andras Lindsay M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Determine if Sacral Alar-Iliac (SAI) screw diameter is associated with pelvic fixation failure in pediatric patients with neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS) treated with posterior spinal fusion (PSF).

Methods
NMS patients from a single institution who underwent PSF with bilateral SAI screw fixation from 2010 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical parameters, SAI screw sizes, and radiographic outcomes were analyzed. Patients with greater or less than two SAI screws, > 21 years old, or with < 2 years of radiographic follow-up were excluded.

Results
142 patients had 284 SAI screws placed. Mean(± SD) age was 13.6 ± 2.7 years. Preoperative curve magnitude averaged 84.3 ± 29.1°. Mean patient weight was 36.4 ± 14.1kg and BMI was 18 ± 5.1. Radiographic follow-up averaged 4.6 ± 2.0 years. Most screws (234/284,82.4%) were < 8.5 mm and 7.5 mm screws were most frequently used (158/248,55.6%). Mean screw diameter was 7.4 ± 0.7 mm. Patients with greater age, weight, and BMI trended towards larger screws. Three patients had five screw complications (1 screw fracture and 4 set screw dislodgments). One screw fracture (1/284,0.4%;7.5 mm diameter) and contralateral set screw dislodgement occurred in a patient at 14 months but was not revised. One patient who had bilateral set screws dislodge 3 months after PSF underwent revision. The remaining patient was asymptomatic and was observed. Screw diameter was not associated with risk of postoperative complications (p = 0.245).

Conclusion
SAI screw fracture is rare after PSF in pediatric patients with NMS. Contrary to pelvic fixation in adults, smaller diameter SAI screws, which may be optimal in patients with smaller anatomy, were not associated with increased risk of screw failure.

Level of evidence
III.
Approaching the Past through Practice: Reconstruction of a Historical Greenlandic Dog Sled
Authors: Vitale Emma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since the emergence of the Thule culture (AD 1200), dog sledding has been perceived as a central means of transportation in traditional Inuit life in the Arctic. However, there is an absence of research concerning Inuit dog-sled technology and the tradition of the craft. This study investigates the Inuit dog-sled technocomplex using enskilment methodologiesby employing experimental and ethno-archaeological observations to explore the relationship between knowledge and technical practice. It involves the reconstruction of a historical West Greenlandic dog sled, shedding light on carpentry techniques and construction processes. This method emphasizes the interaction between humans, technology, and time, providing essential practical data for future archaeological and historical research, particularly for comprehending fragmented archaeological remains. By focusing on process rather than end product, this research provides insight into understanding Inuit dog sled technology and the complexity of the practice. The connection between artifacts and materially situated practice is demonstrated through the reconstruction of a dog sled, which illustrates the value of physicality in enskilment. It highlights how experimental archaeology can improve our insights into the historical and prehistoric Arctic societies’ technologies, economies, and practices.
Taxing data when the United States disagrees
Authors: Diniz Magalhães Tarcísio , Christians Allison 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
What is the best way to tax data-driven business models without contravening the existing global quasi-constitutionalist order on tax, trade, and investment law? A number of countries in Europe and around the world have begun imposing standalone digital services taxes pending multilateral agreement on a coordinated reform of bilateral income tax treaties (aka the OECD-G20/Inclusive Framework’s ‘Pillar 1’). But if Pillar 1 fails to materialise and countries go forward with unilateral digital services taxes, the United States and U.S. firms will likely seek redress using domestic measures as well as trade and investment treaties where applicable. This Article argues that in the face of such U.S. resistance, EU member states and countries elsewhere ought to reconsider using the income tax system to achieve their goals instead. We first review the events that led countries to avoid the income tax in favour of standalone taxes only to become embroiled in domestic U.S. trade policies. We then explain how European and other source jurisdictions for business services related to data collection, mining, and commercialisation could revisit the income tax to get to the same tax base, namely by taking an ambulatory interpretation approach to provisions in existing tax treaties in a way that renders possible to accommodate withholding taxes on those services. We show that an ambulatory interpretation approach could achieve the underlying goals of taxing data-driven businesses, in some cases even without any domestic law or treaty reform, with treaty-based rules for dispute resolution a ready tool to draw upon if and when the United States disagrees.
Skeptical Disagreement is a Kind of Deep Disagreement
Authors: Miranda Vilchis Rogelio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to expose the intimate relationship between deep disagreements and skepticism. Philosophers have explored how deep disagreements lead to skepticism about their resolution at the metalevel (about whether one knows that P), but they have paid little attention to how they also lead to first- or object-level skepticism (about whether P is the case) and how skepticism also produces deep disagreements. I show how engaging in a discussion about any topic against a radical skeptic position always leads to deep disagreement. Furthermore, the disagreement engendered by radical skepticism is a kind of deep disagreement at the level of epistemic evaluation of propositions that covaries with deep disagreements at the object level. Deep disagreement and radical skepticism are intimately linked.
Caregiver characteristics and behaviors: quantitative associations with child depression amongst refugees in Uganda
Authors: Meyer Sarah R. , Mosha Neema , Kasujja Roscoe , Namukwaya Sarah , Upadhaya Nawaraj , Smallegange Eva S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For refugee children, there are a number of risk factors for poor mental health and psychosocial well-being, many of them exacerbated for those refugee children living in low-resource settings. There is some evidence that caregiver warmth, parenting self-efficacy and positive relationships between caregivers and children can act as protective factors against poor mental health outcomes for children and adolescents. This study sought to assess if caregiver-level factors (parental warmth and affection, positive child-caregiver interaction and parenting self-efficacy) are protective for symptoms of child depression. To address these questions, a quantitative survey was implemented (n = 501) in the Imvepi refugee settlement in Uganda. Results indicated bivariate associations between several caregiver-level factors and child depression. However, in multivariate models, which included measures of economic stress, both parental warmth and affection and child-caregiver interaction were no longer significantly associated with child-reported depression. Parenting self-efficacy was found to be significantly associated with lower child-reported depression. These findings indicate the need to examine and explore how or if caregiver-level factors, such as warmth and parenting self-efficacy, as well as child-caregiver relationships overall, operate in the context of chronic stress. Whereas caregiver-level factors are potentially protective against poor mental health for refugee children, contextual factors, such as poverty and livelihood opportunities, may constrain the positive impacts of parenting.
Prospective, crossover, comparative study of two methods of chlorhexidine bathing
Authors: Hankins Richard Jordan , Handke Luke , Fey Paul D. , Cavalieri Ruth Jennifer , Cawcutt Kelly A. , Van Schooneveld Trevor , Lyden Elizabeth , High Robin , Rupp Mark E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Bathing intensive care unit (ICU) patients with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) decreases healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The optimal method of CHG bathing remains undefined.

Methods:
Prospective crossover study comparing CHG daily bathing with 2% CHG-impregnated cloths versus 4% CHG solution. In phase 1, from January 2020 through March 2020, 1 ICU utilized 2% cloths, while the other ICU utilized 4% solution. After an interruption caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, in phase 2, from July 2020 through September 2020, the unit CHG bathing assignments were reversed. Swabs were performed 3 times weekly from patients’ arms and legs to measure skin microbial colonization and CHG concentration. Other outcomes included HAIs, adverse reactions, and skin tolerability.

Results:
411 assessments occurred after baths with 2% cloth, and 425 assessments occurred after baths with 4% solution. Average microbial colonization was 691 (interquartile range 0, 30) colony-forming units per square centimeter (CFU/cm2) for patients bathed with 2% cloths, 1,627 (0, 265) CFUs/cm2 for 4% solution, and 8,519 (10, 1130) CFUs/cm2 for patients who did not have a CHG bath (P < .001). Average CHG skin concentration (parts per million) was 1300.4 (100, 2000) for 2% cloths, 307.2 (30, 200) for 4% solution, and 32.8 (0, 20) for patients without a recorded CHG bath. Both CHG bathing methods were well tolerated. Although underpowered, no difference in HAI was noted between groups.

Conclusions:
Either CHG bathing method resulted in a significant decrease in microbial skin colonization with a greater CHG concentration and fewer organisms associated with 2% CHG cloths.