bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Conformal Radiotherapy on Thyroid and Parathyroid Functions in Head-and-neck Carcinoma: A Single-institutional, Prospective, and Observational Study
Authors: Pal Rupasree , Barman Debottam , Dutta Bodhisattwa , Pal Bithi , Hazra Snigdha , Deb Asit Ranjan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Assessment of acute and late effects of conformal radiotherapy on thyroid and parathyroid functions along with the evaluation of Dosimetric correlation with radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RIH) was the purpose of this study.

Subjects and Methods:
In this study, thyroid and parathyroid functions were obtained from 40 patients of head-and neck carcinoma who had received conformal radiotherapy, at baseline, 6 weeks and 6 months after radiotherapy. The mean radiation dose (Dmean), volume, V20, V30 and V50 of thyroid gland were analyzed for Dosimetric correlation with RIH.

Statistical Analysis:
IBM SPSS software version 23 was used for the statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and pair sample t-test were performed.

Results:
The median follow-up period was 29 months. During the follow-up, 40% of total patients had developed RIH, among whom 37.5% of patients had laryngeal carcinoma as primary site. Dmean and volume of thyroid gland were found to be the strong predictors for RIH with P < 0.01. Fall in parathyroid hormone level after 6 weeks and 6 months of radiotherapy was also significant.

Conclusion:
Conformal radiotherapy has substantial effect on thyroid and parathyroid functions. Dmean and volume of thyroid gland can be considered as useful risk assessment tools for RIH.
Density functional theory study on the crystal structure of quercetin
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Junlong , Cui Jiajun , Du Hongchen , Pan Rongkai , Dong Xiqing , Niu Yuzhen , Feng Lijuan , Du Jingyi , Huan Weiwei 
Published: January 2025

A molecular mechanics method with COMPASS and Dreiding force fields were used to predict molecular packings for quercetin (P21/c, P212121, P-1, Pbca, C2/c, Pna21, and P21). According to the minimum energy principle, the most likely crystal accumulation mode of quercetin belongs to P-1. Then, periodic band calculations were performed on the predicted crystals using the density functional theory generalized gradient approximation with revised Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (DFT-GGA-RPBE) functional method. LUCO (the lowest unoccupied crystal orbital) is mainly contributed by the p-state of the C atom, while HOCO (the highest occupied crystal orbital) is mainly composed of the p-states of the O atom.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(4), 799-805.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i4.15
Assessment on the Safety and Efficacy of a Modification of the Terms of Authorisation Regarding the Feed Additive Consisting of Liquid L-lysine Base Produced With Corynebacterium Glutamicum NRRL B-67439 or NRRL B-67535 for All Animal Species (ADM Specialty Ingredients (Europe) B.V.) (RP2109)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: January 2025

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency in July 2023 from ADM specialty ingredients (Europe) B.V. (“the applicant”) for the modification of the terms of authorisation consisting of liquid L-lysine base produced with Corynebacterium glutamicum NRRL B-67439 or NRRL B-67535 under the category ‘nutritional feed additive’, functional group ‘amino acids, their salts and analogues’ for all animal species. Under Assimilated Regulation (EU) No 2020/997 the liquid L-lysine base produced with C. glutamicum NRRL B-67535 or NRRL B-67439 is currently authorised for use as a nutritional additive in complete feed and water for drinking for all animal species. This application requested a modification to the current authorisation to include C. glutamicum NRRL B-68248 as a production strain. The new production strain qualifies for the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach for production purposes as it was clearly identified as C. glutamicum. In addition, the strain was shown to lack acquired antimicrobial resistance determinants relevant for antibiotics of human and veterinary importance. All genetic modifications were deemed safe, with no viable cells or DNA from strain NRRL B-68248 detected in the final product. Therefore, L-lysine base produced using C. glutamicum NRRL B-68248 poses no safety concerns for target species, consumers, or the environment. The additive is not an eye or skin irritant and is not a skin sensitiser. Using C. glutamicum NRRL B-68248 as a production strain produces an L-lysine base that is considered an efficacious source of the essential amino acid L-lysine for non-ruminant animals. To achieve similar efficacy in ruminants, protection against degradation in the rumen would be required. The FSA/FSS has reviewed the applicant’s modification of the terms of authorisation application, supporting documentation, and other regulators’ risk assessments, most notably the EFSA risk assessment opinion and considers that sufficient evidence has been demonstrated to conclude without the need for further questions or risk assessment.
Safety Assessment on the Safety of Cannabidiol (CBD) Isolate as a Novel Food for Use in a Range of Food Categories Including Food Supplements (RP349)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: January 2025

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in February 2021 from Mile High Labs International (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of cannabidiol (CBD) isolate as a novel food. The novel food is an isolated, ≥98% pure form of CBD which is intended to be used as a food ingredient in food supplements for adults excluding pregnant and lactating women and other specifically identified vulnerable groups, beverages, and confectionary. To support the FSA and FSS in their evaluation of the application, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) were asked to review the dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. Please note the Committee did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the food is safe, and not putting consumers at a nutritional disadvantage. The novel food was assessed based on the data provided. This review indicated it was appropriate for the provisional ADI for 98% or greater CBD to form part of the evidence for this assessment. For CBD a provisional Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 10 mg/day for a healthy 70kg adult has been published by the FSA and was considered in assessing this novel food. The provisional ADI (section 2.7) was recommended, subject to the existing advice to consumers that pregnant and breastfeeding women and people taking any prescription medication should avoid the consumption of CBD. Consumers on regular medications should seek advice from a medical professional before using any type of CBD food product. In addition, children and prospective parents trying for a baby are advised against consumption of CBD, as are those who are immunosuppressed, due to remaining data gaps and residual uncertainties concerning the safety of CBD for these groups of consumers. These contraindications would also apply to this novel food. The FSA and FSS concluded that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure the novel food, isolated cannabidiol (CBD), was safe under the proposed conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the proposed use in food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous. The views of the ACNFP have been taken into account in the regulatory assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.
El arte como medio pedagógico para fomentar la conciencia ambiental en la educación ecuatoriana
Authors: Estrada-García Alex , Villa-Tigre Rommel 
Published: January 2025

La educación escolarizada ecuatoriana busca formar sociedades con valores y conciencia ambiental para enfrentar los problemas relacionados con el medio ambiente. El abordaje de estos problemas se realiza desde las diversas disciplinas que constituyen el currículo a través de proyectos inter y transdisciplinares. En este escenario, la propuesta del arte como medio pedagógico plantea trabajar el arte visual con un enfoque ecológico, de esta manera, se fomenta la motivación y la creatividad de los estudiantes. El objetivo es analizar la función del arte visual como medio pedagógico en el proceso educativo para motivar el aprendizaje y estimular la creatividad, fomentando una conciencia ambiental en los estudiantes. Los resultados teorizan y argumentan técnicas artísticas visuales que pueden ser utilizadas en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje con el propósito de fortalecer el vínculo entre los estudiantes y la naturaleza, construyendo así una educación que ofrezca respuestas a los desafíos contemporáneos a partir de la articulación de las diversas áreas del conocimiento.
Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar: Menelaah Trend Model Pembelajaran Di Sekolah Dan Madrasah
Authors: Asy'arie Bima Fandi , Aziz Mahbub Humaidi , Bahy Moh. Buny Andaru , Rahman Aulia , Mariyana Weni 
Published: January 2025

Mengingat pentingnya model pembelajaran, tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis beberapa model pembelajaran yang kerap digunakan dalam penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar KMB di sekolah dan madrasah. Artikel ini memberikan rekomendasi pada satuan pendidikan (SD/MI, SMP/MTs, SMA/MA, sederajat). Penelitian ini adalah jenis kepustakaan (library research), dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh dari tiga sumber “Google Scholar”, “ScienceDirect”, dan “DOAJ”. Diskusi dalam artikel ini membahas tren model pembelajaran dalam penerapan KMB, yang mencakup lima model pembelajaran utama, yaitu: (1) model “inquiry learning” menekankan proses eksplorasi dan investigasi mandiri oleh siswa, memungkinkan mereka mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah. (2) model “problem-based learning” (PBL) menantang siswa untuk menyelesaikan masalah nyata, memfasilitasi pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman. (3) model “project-based learning” (PjBL) melibatkan siswa dalam proyek jangka panjang yang menghubungkan teori dan praktik, meningkatkan keterampilan kolaboratif dan kreatif. (4) model “blended learning” menggabungkan pembelajaran tatap muka dan daring, memberikan fleksibilitas dalam proses belajar-mengajar serta memudahkan akses terhadap materi pembelajaran. (5) model “flipped classroom” membalik pendekatan pembelajaran tradisional dengan mengharuskan siswa mempelajari materi di rumah dan melakukan kegiatan praktik serta diskusi di kelas. Dengan demikia, kelima model pembelajaran ini berperan penting dalam mendukung prinsip-prinsip KMB, seperti penguatan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa, peningkatan kreativitas, serta kemandirian belajar. Sehingga model pembelajaran yang digunakan guru terbukti memberikan kontribusi positif dalam mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi tantangan global dan mengembangkan keterampilan abad ke-21.
Transfer of aflatoxin M1 and sterigmatocystin from buffalo milk to soft cheeses
Authors: Cossu Maurizio , Sanna Andrea , Chessa Giannina , Sdogati Stefano , Pecorelli Ivan , Di Marco Pisciottano Ilaria , Lambiase Sara , Gallo Pasquale , Massafra Stefania , Torres Elena , Gili Marilena , Lo Cascio Giovanni , Vella Antonio , Condoleo Roberto , Neri Bruno , Militello Guglielmo , Giangolini Gilberto , Boselli Carlo 
Published: January 2025

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) may be present in milk as a result of the ingestion of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which could potentially be contained in dairy feed due to contamination by molds such as Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. AFM1 is a toxic molecule classified by the IARC as “potentially carcinogenic to humans” in Group 1. In addition to the four aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2), these fungi also produce other toxins such as Sterigmatocystin (STC), while Aflatoxicol (AFL) is a metabolite of AFB1. The aim of this study was to investigate the transfer of AFM1 and STC from naturally contaminated buffalo milk to soft cheeses. During routine activities carried out in the Lazio region (Italy) between July 2022 and May 2023, eight bulk buffalo milk samples, with AFM1 incidence, were found on eight different farms. Bulk milk samples were immediately collected to conduct eight experimental mini-cheese-making procedures, following the traditional production method of mozzarella and ricotta. These soft cheeses were manufactured, and samples of whey, and spinning water were collected. All samples were analysed for AFM1, AFL, and STC was determined with the LC-MS/MS system. The concentrations in milk were: AFM1 range of 6-87 ng/kg; STC range of 0.3-0.8 ng/kg (detected in only five lots). AFL was never detected (LoQ>4 ng/kg). Mycotoxins detected in cheese were, for mozzarella, AFM1 concentration range of 15-233 ng/kg; STC concentration range of 0.9-10 ng/kg; while for ricotta, AFM1 concentration range 4.2-92 ng/kg and STC concentration range 0.5-4 ng/kg. AFL was never detected (LoQ>10 ng/kg). Interestingly, the range concentration of AFM1 in the spinning water was 1.2 – 21 ng/kg. Even though it is to a small extent, the processing technology, which uses hot water to spin the mozzarella, can act as a detoxifier. The assessment of the AFM1 enrichment factor (EF) in cheeses made with contaminated milk, revealed an EF of 2.4 for mozzarella and 1.2 for ricotta; EFs were calculated as the ratio (%) between AFM1 in the respective cheese and AFM1 in milk. In conclusion, the EFs found in our study are similar to those reported in the literature for these cheeses, and below the suggested value proposed by the Italian Ministry of Health of 3.0 for soft cheese like mozzarella and ricotta. Among the other toxins analysed, only STC was found, although in low concentrations, while AFL was never detected.
Experiencias, violencias y expresión de las subjetividades de personas en situación de habitanza en calle. Una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Salvador-Rincón Juliana , Zapata-García José Gabriel 
Published: January 2025

Esta es una revisión sistemática exploratoria de la literatura (scoping review) sobre las experiencias de vida, las experiencias corporales, la expresión de la subjetividad y las dinámicas sociales que convergen en los procesos de vivir en la calle en Colombia y Latinoamérica. Metodología: se limita a artículos de investigación, trabajos de grado y estados del arte publicados entre 2007 a 2023, consultados en las bases de datos con acceso desde el buscador integrado de la biblioteca de la Universidad Externado de Colombia (EBSCO), Redalyc, Dialnet y Open Access Theses and Dissertations. Resultados y discusión: se encuentra que la definición del concepto de “habitante de calle” es múltiple, diversa, contextual, histórica y problemática, también que la construcción de las experiencias vitales de las personas que viven en las calles suele estar enmarcada en discusiones acerca de la salud, la garantía de derechos y las tensiones sociales que vive esta población: como la violencia, la exclusión, la discriminación y el estigma. En tanto, se encuentra en el campo bibliográfico la importancia de los espacios, los territorios, los lugares, los no-lugares y la corporalidad como oportunidad de expresar subjetividades. Conclusiones: se concluye con algunos apuntes generales de la producción académica y las discusiones articuladas en cinco categorías emergentes para organizar la información, también se brindan propuestas para futuras investigaciones acerca del tema.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MEDIA CANVA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS GURU DI UPTD SDN 016532 PUNGGULAN
Authors: Ansi Rahma Yunita , Manurung Tarida Ilham , Fatonah Sitorus Tri Nur Sefti , Julia Ade , Zahra Amanda Luthfia , Amri Alsya Dwiva 
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Canva training is part of the school’s efforts to improve learning through the use of technology. This research analyzes the process of implementing Canva training in schools, from planning to implementation and evaluation. Research shows that Canva training is effective when supported by school involvement, the availability of appropriate facilities and infrastructure, and ongoing professional support. Canva training is also a model for other schools in improving the quality of learning through the use of technology. This PkM activity is carried out using lecture methods, discussions and question and answer sessions, and in the end will be evaluated using Google Forms. The method used aims to achieve maximum activity. Both in terms of obtaining teaching materials, training and the ability of all teachers to immediately understand and put into practice the knowledge they have acquired. Keyword: learning media; canva application;teacher. Abstrak: Pelatihan Canva merupakan bagian dari upaya sekolah untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran melalui pemanfaatan teknologi. Penelitian ini menganalisis proses pelaksanaan pelatihan Canva di sekolah, mulai dari perencanaan hingga pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan Canva efektif bila didukung oleh keterlibatan sekolah, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana yang sesuai, dan dukungan profesional yang berkelanjutan. Pelatihan Canva juga menjadi model bagi sekolah lain dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran melalui pemanfaatan teknologi. Kegiatan PkM ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, dan sesi tanya jawab, dan pada akhirnya akan dievaluasi menggunakan Google Forms. Metode digunakan bertujuan untuk mencapai aktivitas yang maksimal. Baik dari segi perolehan bahan ajar, pelatihan maupun kemampuan seluruh guru untuk langsung memahami dan mempraktekkan ilmu yang diperolehnya. Kata kunci: media pembelajaran; aplikasi canva; guru.
PENGENALAN APLIKASI GAME EDUKASI HURUF HIJAIYAH BERBASIS ANDROID PADA TK NUSA INDAH PADANG
Authors: Safaria Sayendra , Christy Tika , Wendra Yumai , Syafwan Havid , Putri Pristiyanilicia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract: One of the interactive learning media that has been widely implemented at various levels of education is educational games. Educational games have their own appeal for development because they offer several advantages over conventional educational methods. TK Nusa Indah is one of the kindergartens that has received an A accreditation. So far, the teaching process at this kindergarten has been carried out manually, where the introduction of letters, numbers, and hijaiyah letters still uses flashcards as teaching media. The introduction of educational games aims to help kindergarten children understand that the use of mobile phones is not only limited to watching YouTube or playing online games, but can also be utilized as an interactive and educational learning medium. This educational game application is designed to assist teachers in the teaching and learning process, while also serving as an alternative in conducting learning activities. Keyword: Educational game, application, Hijaiyah letters. Abstrak: Salah satu media pembelajaran interaktif yang sudah banyak di terapkan di beberapa tingkat pendidikan sekolah yaitu game edukasi. Game edukasi memiliki daya tarik tersendiri untuk dikembangkan karena menawarkan sejumlah keunggulan dibandingkan metode edukasi konvensional. TK Nusa Indah merupakan salah satu Taman Kanak-Kanak yang sudah memiliki akreditasi A, selama ini proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru-guru di TK tersebut masih dilakukan secara manual dimana proses pengenalan huruf, angka dan huruf hijaiyah masih menggunakan kartu-kartu huruf sebagai media ajar. Pengenalan game edukasi bertujuan agar anak-anak TK memahami bahwa penggunaan ponsel tidak hanya terbatas untuk menonton YouTube atau bermain game online, tetapi juga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pembelajaran yang interaktif dan mendidik. Aplikasi game edukasi ini dirancang untuk membantu para guru dalam proses belajar mengajar, sekaligus menjadi alternatif dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran. Kata kunci: aplikasi. game edukasi, huruf hijaiyah,
OPTIMIZING TIME MANAGEMENT WITH PAPER CRAFT CREATIVITY
Authors: Sinaga Hommy DorthyEllyany , M. Desma Erica Maryati , Nainggolan Elisabeth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This community service activity was carried out by the faculty team of STIE Eka Prasetya at the request of the Chairwoman of the Dharma Wanita Persatuan of the Asahan District Health Office on Februari 2, 2024. The activity, titled Optimizing Time Management with Paper Craft Creativity, aimed to enhance creativity, foster a sense of togetherness, and optimize the free time of the Dharma Wanita members through the creation of paper flower crafts using tissue paper. The materials taught included crafting tulip and aster flowers as well as aesthetic flower pots made from plastic straws. The results of the activity demonstrated high enthusiasm from the participants, who produced beautiful and neat creations. The outputs of this activity were two flower pots containing tulip and aster flowers, while the outcomes included increased creativity, knowledge of paper crafts, a sense of togetherness, and better time management. A total of 99% of participants stated that the activity was highly beneficial. This article discusses the background, implementation, results, and implications of the activity, aimed at empowering the Dharma Wanita community through productive and creative activities. Keywords: Dharma Wanita, Aesthetic Flower, Paper Craft, Time Management Abstrak: Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan oleh tim dosen STIE Eka Prasetya atas permintaan Ketua Dharma Wanita Persatuan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Asahan pada 2 Desember 2024. Kegiatan bertajuk Optimizing Time Management with Paper Craft Creativity bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kreativitas, rasa kebersamaan, dan pemanfaatan waktu luang ibu-ibu Dharma Wanita dengan membuat kerajinan bunga dari kertas tisu. Materi yang diajarkan meliputi pembuatan bunga tulip dan aster serta pot bunga estetik dari sedotan plastik. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan antusiasme tinggi dari peserta, yang menghasilkan karya cantik dan rapi. Output dari kegiatan ini adalah dua pot bunga berisi bunga tulip dan aster, sementara outcome mencakup peningkatan kreativitas, pengetahuan kerajinan kertas, rasa kebersamaan, dan pengelolaan waktu. Sebanyak 99% peserta menyatakan kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat. Artikel ini membahas latar belakang, pelaksanaan, hasil, dan implikasi kegiatan dalam rangka meningkatkan pemberdayaan komunitas ibu-ibu Dharma Wanita melalui aktivitas kreatif yang produktif. Kata kunci: Bunga Estetik, Dharma Wanita, Kerajinan Kertas, Manajemen Waktu