bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Renin–angiotensin System Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitors in Preventing Recurrence After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Sun Qian , Cui Wenyan , Zhang Xinhui , Tian Yunfei , Huang Guangliang , He Wenjuan , Zhao Yonghong , Zhao Xiaojuan , Li Dan , Liu Xiuju 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) and angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors in preventing the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after atrial fibrillation ablation, we have written this meta-analysis. We systematically searched randomized controlled trials or cohort studies on RASIs and angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor-sacubitril/valsartan (SV) in preventing the recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Afterward, the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. This meta-analysis results showed that the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation after ablation in subjects using RASIs was lower than that in subjects not using them [relative risk = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.72–0.99), P = 0.03]; the recurrence rate in subjects using SV was lower than that in subjects using RASIs [RR= 0.50, 95% CI (0.37–0.68), P < 0.00001]. These results show that both the use of RASIs and SV can prevent the recurrence of after atrial fibrillation ablation, among which the use of SV is more effective.
Risk factors associated with haptic malposition in eyes implanted with implantable collamer lenses
Authors: Chang Weiteng , Niu Lingling , Zhou Xingtao , Wang Xiaoying , Yu Zhiqiang , Qian Yishan 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:To examine the risk factors for haptic malposition in eyes with implantable collamer lens (ICL).Setting:Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.Design:Prospective nonrandomized observational study.Methods:This study included 134 (77.9%) of 172 initially enrolled patients who underwent ICL implantation and completed a 1-year follow-up. The extent of haptics present in the ciliary sulcus (ICS) was measured. Patients were categorized based on ICS count (0 to 4). The position of the haptics was quantified as the distance between the iris root and the terminal tip of ICL haptics (iris root to haptic tip, IRH). The related factors to the ICS count and its correlation with the central vault were analyzed.Results:ICS distribution was 0 ICS in 19 eyes (14.2%), 1 in 22 eyes (16.4%), 2 in 32 eyes (23.9%), 3 in 29 eyes (21.6%), and 4 in 32 eyes (23.9%). Parameters like maximum ciliary body thickness (CBTmax,P= .008), iris–ciliary process distance (ICPD,P< .001), and ciliary process length (P= .034) varied significantly across ICS groups. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the iris–ciliary angle (P= .006), CBTmax (P= .007), the distance between the sulcus-to-sulcus plane and the anterior crystalline lens surface (STSL,P= .035), and ICL size (P= .015) were significantly associated with IRH. Spherical equivalents (P= .042), STSL (P= .001), and ICS count (P= .020) significantly correlated with the central vault.Conclusions:Shortened ciliary process is a primary risk for haptic malposition. The ICS count significantly relates to the central vault.
Hemodynamic monitoring in liver transplantation ‘the hemodynamic system’
Authors: Kandil Sherif , Sedra Ashraf 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of hemodynamic monitoring in liver transplantation.

Recent findings
Radial arterial blood pressure monitoring underestimates the aortic root arterial blood pressure and causes excessive vasopressor and worse outcomes. Brachial and femoral artery monitoring is well tolerated and should be considered in critically ill patients expected to be on high dose pressors. The pulmonary artery catheter is the gold standard of hemodynamic monitoring and is still widely used in liver transplantation; however, it is a highly invasive monitor with potential for serious complications and most of its data can be obtained by other less invasive monitors. Rescue transesophageal echocardiography relies on few simple views and should be available as a standby to manage sudden hemodynamic instability. Risk of esophageal bleeding from transesophageal echocardiography in liver transplantation is the same as in other patient populations. The arterial pulse waveform analysis based cardiac output devices are minimally invasive and have the advantage of real-time beat to beat monitoring of cardiac output. No hemodynamic monitor can improve clinical outcomes unless integrated into a goal-directed hemodynamic therapy. The hemodynamic monitoring technique should be tailored to the patient's medical status, surgical technique, and the anesthesiologist's level of expertise.

Summary
The current article provides a review of the current hemodynamic monitoring systems and their integration in goal-directed hemodynamic therapy.
The Mediating Effects of Perceived Family Support in the Relationship Between Anxiety and Problematic Smartphone Use
Authors: Long Jiang , Liu Yueheng , Wang Yingying , Pottié Aurore , Cornil Aurélien , Deleuze Jory , Wu Qiuxia , Chen Shubao , Ma Yuejiao , Wang Qianjin , Hao Yuzhu , Lu Jing , Radu Ilinca-Gabriela , Liu Tieqiao , Billieux Joël 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Problematic smartphone use (PSU) is frequently considered a public health issue, especially in East Asia and Europe. Yet, there is a paucity of research focusing on cultural and familial determinants of PSU. This cross-cultural study aimed to investigate smartphone usage patterns and possible mediating effects of perceived family support (PFS) from a stress-coping perspective. Convenience samples of 790 Chinese and 439 Belgian undergraduates completed an online survey that focused on sociodemographics and psychological variables (i.e., anxiety, depression, PFS, and PSU). In both samples, PSU was positively associated with anxiety and depression, and negatively associated with PFS. However, after controlling for sex and age in structural equation models, the consistent mediating effects of PFS were only found between anxiety and PSU in both cultural settings. These findings suggest that psychological interventions that take into account familial factors could be helpful for young people presenting with anxiety and PSU.
The Relationship Between Elbow Flexion Postures and Overhead Reaching in Birth Brachial Plexus Injuries
Authors: Goins T. R. , Fox John , Saul Katherine , Servello Cindy , Sullivan Jane E. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alterations in muscle length of the biceps in various elbow postures during shoulder elevation and muscle activation.

Methods:
Participants aged 5 years and older with a birth brachial plexus injury were asked to perform elevation shoulder (abduction and flexion) in 7 elbow conditions. Surface electromyography was applied to bilateral biceps and triceps.

Results:
Peak shoulder elevation was present in the immobilized 20° elbow posture. Muscle activity of the triceps and biceps was impacted by the elbow posture via immobilization.

Conclusions:
Elbow postures in elongated postures, via immobilization, may result in higher shoulder elevation due to increased passive forces when there is an altered muscle state of the biceps in this population. Clinicians should consider the optimal elbow joint posture (<30°) to improve overhead reaching in this population.
Examining Characteristics of Local Public Health Systems With Exceptional Tribal Organization Participation
Authors: Bauer Kyla L. , Mitchell Amelia L. , Mays Glen P. 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
To learn feasible ways to increase multisector community partnership with tribal organizations, meaning tribal health authorities or American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN)–serving organizations, by examining characteristics of local public health systems with exceptional tribal organization participation.

Design, Setting, and Participants:
In total, 728 local public health departments were surveyed in 2018 to generate a nationally representative sample of local public health systems in the United States. A positive deviance approach using logistic regression helped identify local public health systems that had tribal organization participation despite characteristics that make such participation statistically unlikely. Local public health systems with exceptional tribal organization participation were compared with systems with conventional participation, examining measures known to impact the formation of public health partnerships.

Main Outcome Measure:
This study used an exploratory logistic regression approach to identify unique characteristics of local public health systems with exceptional tribal organization participation.

Results:
Of 728 health systems surveyed, 21 were identified as having exceptional tribal organization participation. Across varying thresholds to identify exceptional participation, having a higher network density and prioritizing equity in public health activities were found to consistently distinguish exceptional tribal organization participation in both nonrural and rural areas.

Conclusions:
Public health partnerships with tribal organizations are possible even in circumstances that make them unlikely. Efforts to build denser networks of collaborating organizations and prioritize equity may help public health systems achieve success with tribal organization partnerships.
Do the Ultrasonographic Measures of Midurethral Sling Location Relate With Surgical Outcomes?
Authors: Seval Mehmet Murat , Cetinkaya Serife Esra , Baydemir Kaan , Varli Bulut , Dokmeci Fulya 
Published: November 2023

Importance
The proper placement of a midurethral sling (MUS) is the key factor for a successful surgical outcome.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of perineal ultrasonographic measures of the tape location with subjective and objective outcomes after MUS surgery at midterm follow-up of women.

Methods
The tape percentile (TP; total urethral length/bladder neck tape distance×100) and urethra tape distance (UTD; the shortest distance from the longitudinal smooth muscle complex of the urethra to the midpoint of the tape) were correlated with midterm surgical success. Patient satisfaction measured with the visual analog scale (VAS) was considered as the primary outcome. The presence of stress urinary incontinence on direct questioning, the Urinary Distress Inventory 6 (UDI-6) scores, findings of the cough stress test, free uroflowmetry, postvoid residual volume, and single-cycle voiding ambulatory urodynamic monitoring (AUM) were the other outcomes.

Results
Seventy-eight women were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 4.4 ±3.3 years. Women who were highly satisfied (VAS ≥ 8) had a significantly higher TP (64.7% vs 50.8%, P < 0.001) and lower UTD (3.6 vs 4.5 mm, P = 0.018). Irritative, stress, and obstructive scores at UDI-6 increased as the tape was located closer to the bladder neck (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P = 0.044, respectively), and stress symptoms decreased with a tape closer to the urethra (P < 0.001). Women with detrusor overactivity at AUM were found to have a lower TP (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The perineal ultrasonographic evaluation of tape location with UTD and TP seems to be well correlated with the women's midterm MUS surgical outcomes.
Central vestibular networking for sensorimotor control, cognition, and emotion
Authors: Dieterich Marianne , Brandt Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
The aim of this study was to illuminate the extent of the bilateral central vestibular network from brainstem and cerebellum to subcortical and cortical areas and its interrelation to higher cortical functions such as spatial cognition and anxiety.

Recent findings
The conventional view that the main function of the vestibular system is the perception of self-motion and body orientation in space and the sensorimotor control of gaze and posture had to be developed further by a hierarchical organisation with bottom-up and top-down interconnections. Even the vestibulo-ocular and vestibulo-spinal reflexes are modified by perceptual cortical processes, assigned to higher vestibulo-cortical functions. A first comparative fMRI meta-analysis of vestibular stimulation and fear-conditioning studies in healthy participants disclosed widely distributed clusters of concordance, including the prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, temporal and inferior parietal lobe, thalamus, brainstem and cerebellum. In contrast, the cortical vestibular core region around the posterior insula was activated during vestibular stimulation but deactivated during fear conditioning. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence from studies in animals and humans that the central vestibular system has numerous connections related to spatial sensorimotor performance, memory, and emotion. The clinical implication of the complex interaction within various networks makes it difficult to assign some higher multisensory disorders to one particular modality, for example in spatial hemineglect or room-tilt illusion.

Summary
Our understanding of higher cortical vestibular functions is still in its infancy. Different brain imaging techniques in animals and humans are one of the most promising methodological approaches for further structural and functional decoding of the vestibular and other intimately interconnected networks. The multisensory networking including cognition and emotion determines human behaviour in space.
Antimicrobial resistance research in Singapore – mapping current trends and future perspectives
Authors: Poon Selina , Goh Dai Mei , Khoo Astrid , Lin Yueh Nuo , Leo Yee Sin , Lee Tau Hong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) research is increasing globally, but its extent in Singapore is unclear. The aim of this study was to review the current research trends on AMR in Singapore and identify the types of research conducted. Scientific literature on AMR from Singapore published between 2009 and 2019 were retrieved from databases using a search string that included search terms that would encompass the range of terminologies related to “antimicrobial resistance” and “Singapore”. A total of 741 AMR research and review articles published between 2009 and 2019 were identified, which described research led by researchers from Singapore, that involved researchers from Singapore in overseas collaborations, or involved samples or data from Singapore. Articles were assigned to the most appropriate research domain and relevant sector(s) (animal, environment, food or human). Although an upward trend in the number of AMR research articles published was observed, articles that described research on AMR knowledge, awareness, socioeconomic impacts and transmission remained scarce. Furthermore, the higher proportion of research articles from the human sector highlighted that more research from the non-human sectors was needed, which coincidentally began to gradually increase in the last five years. By reviewing the types of studies that were conducted in each domain, broad areas where research gaps exist could be identified, as well as currently unexplored topics. With increasing complexity of the AMR problem and its impacts on multiple sectors, having a comprehensive overview of the evidence gaps is paramount to the development of a relevant One Health research agenda in AMR.HighlightsA review of the trend and scope of AMR research including all sectors was conductedAMR research in Singapore is on the upward trendAMR research in the non-human sectors remained lowResearch on socio-behavioural factors and transmission of AMR to be prioritised
Cell-mediated cholesterol crystal processing and clearance observed by 3D cryo-imaging in human atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: Capua-Shenkar Jenny , Kaestner Antonia , Rechav Katya , Brumfeld Vlad , Kaplan-Ashiri Ifat , Avinoam Ori , Speter Chen , Halak Moshe , Kruth Howard , Addadi Lia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a pathology affecting the arteries, characterized by the buildup of plaques in the blood vessel walls. Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases, which constitute the leading cause of death in the world. Cholesterol crystals are the main components of the plaques, which actively participate in plaque growth and rupture and do not dissolve in aqueous environments. Employing novel cryo-scanning electron microscopy techniques, we examined human atherosclerotic plaques at high resolution, in 3D, and in close to native conditions. We show that cholesterol crystal clearance occurs in advanced human plaques through the activity of cells. We suggest that this occurs by enzymatic esterification of cholesterol to cholesteryl ester, which aggregates into intra- and extra-cellular pools. This discovery provides further understanding of the disease process in atherosclerosis, and may inspire new therapeutic approaches.
Engraftment and injury repair in regionally conditioned rat lungin vivoby lung progenitors derived from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Liu Hsiao-Yun , Predella Camilla , Chen Ya-Wen , Wang Jing , Pezet Mikael , Liang Songjingyi , Farè Silvia , Murray John W. , Saqi Anjali , Vunjak-Novakovic Gordana , Snoeck Hans-Willem , Dorrello N. Valerio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough lung disease is a major cause of mortality, the mechanisms involved in human lung regeneration are unclear because of the lack of experimental models. Here we report a novel model where human pluripotent stem cell-derived expandable cell lines sharing features of airway secretory and basal cells engraft in the distal rat lung after conditioning by locoregional de-epithelialization followed by irradiation and immunosuppression. The engrafting cells, which we named distal lung epithelial progenitors (DLEPs), contributed to alveolar epithelial cells and generated ‘KRT5-pods’, structures involved in distal lung repair after severe injury, but only rarely to distal airways. Most strikingly, however, injury induced by the conditioning regimen was largely prevented by the engrafting DLEPs. The approach described here provides a model to study mechanisms involved in human lung regeneration, and potentially lays the foundation for the preclinical development of cell therapy to treat lung injury and disease.
pyaging: a Python-based compendium of GPU-optimized aging clocks
Authors: de Lima Camillo Lucas Paulo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMotivationAging is intricately linked to diseases and mortality and is reflected in molecular changes across various tissues. The development and refinement of biomarkers of aging, healthspan, and lifespan using machine learning models, known as aging clocks, leverage epigenetic and other molecular signatures. Despite advancements, as noted by the Biomarkers of Aging Consortium, the field grapples with challenges, notably the lack of robust software tools for integrating and comparing these diverse models.ResultsI introducepyaging, a comprehensive Python package, designed to bridge the gap in aging research software tools.pyagingintegrates over 30 aging clocks, with plans to expand to more than 100, covering a range of molecular data types including DNA methylation, transcriptomics, histone mark ChIP-Seq, and ATAC-Seq. The package features a variety of model types, from linear and principal component models to neural networks and automatic relevance determination models. Utilizing a PyTorch-based backend for GPU acceleration,pyagingensures rapid inference even with large datasets and complex models. The package supports multi-species analysis, currently including humans, various mammals, and C. elegans.Availability and Implementationpyagingis accessible athttps://github.com/rsinghlab/pyaging. The package is structured to facilitate ease of use and integration into existing research workflows, supporting the flexible anndata data format.Supplementary InformationSupplementary materials, including detailed documentation and usage examples, are available online at thepyagingdocumentation site (https://pyaging.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html).
Impact of the Excitatory-Inhibitory Neurons Ratio on Scale-Free Dynamics in a Leaky Integrate-and-Fire Model
Authors: Dehghani-Habibabadi Mohammad , Safari Nahid , Shahbazi Farhad , Zare Marzieh 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTThe relationship between ratios of excitatory to inhibitory neurons and the brain’s dynamic range of cortical activity is crucial. However, its full understanding within the context of cortical scale-free dynamics remains an ongoing investigation. To provide insightful observations that can improve the current understanding of this impact, and based on studies indicating that a fully excitatory neural network can induce critical behavior under the influence of noise, it is essential to investigate the effects of varying inhibition within this network. Here, the impact of varying ratios on neural avalanches and phase transition diagrams, considering a range of control parameters in a leaky integrate-and-fire model network, is examined. Our computational results show that the network exhibits critical, sub-critical, and super-critical behavior across different control parameters. In particular, a certain ratio leads to a significantly extended dynamic range compared to others and increases the probability of the system being in the critical regime. To address differences between various ratios, we utilized the Kuramoto order parameter and conducted a finite-size scaling analysis to determine the critical exponents associated with phase transitions. In order to characterize the criticality, we examined the distribution of neuronal avalanches at the critical point and the scaling behavior characterized by specific exponents.