bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient existence of life without a cell membrane: a novel strategy of siphonous seaweed for survival and propagation
Authors: Ram Monika , Babbar Shashi B. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractSiphonous seaweeds, which constitute a vital component of coral reefs, are structurally simple, single‐celled coenocytic macroscopic green algae. Kim et al.1 have recently shown the extraordinary wound‐repair and propagation mechanism of one such siphonous green alga—Bryopsis plumosa. Nucleocytoplasmic aggregates, which are released after injury to this plant, are membraneless structures that can survive in seawater for 10–20 minutes, before they are surrounded by a gelatinous envelope. Subsequently, a cell membrane and cell wall are synthesized around each of these aggregates and the resulting individual cells, so formed, develop into new plants. This report represents a significant advance in our understanding of wound response and, more significantly, is probably the first example of transient survival of life without a cell membrane! BioEssays 24:588–590, 2002. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ab initio Hartree–Fock/6‐31G** calculation on 9‐β‐D‐arabinofuranosyladenine‐5′‐monophosphate molecule: Application to the analysis of its IR and Raman spectra
Authors: Hernández Belén , Navarro Raquel , Hernanz Antonio , Vergoten Gérard 
Published: October 2002

Abstract9‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosyaldenine‐5′‐monophosphate (5′‐ara‐AMP) is an arabinonucleotide that has antiviral and antitumor activity. The accurate knowledge of the nature of its vibrational modes is a valuable step for the forthcoming elucidation of drug–nucleotide and drug–enzyme interactions. The FTIR and FT Raman spectra (4000–30 cm−1) of 5′ara‐AMP and two deuterated derivatives ara‐AMP‐dC8 (deuteration in C8) and ara‐AMP‐d7 (deuteration in C8, amino and hydroxyl groups) are reported. Theoretical vibrational calculations were performed using the Hartree–Fock/6‐31G** method. An assignment of the observed spectra is proposed considering the scaled potential energy distribution of the vibrational modes of the 5′ara‐AMP molecule and the observed band shifts by deuteration. The scaled ab initio frequencies are in good agreement with the experimental data (<3 cm−1 SD). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Biospectroscopy) 67: 440–455, 2002
Virus safety of a porcine‐derived medical device: Evaluation of a viral inactivation method
Authors: Hodde Jason , Hiles Michael 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a virus‐inactivating process for use during the preparation of porcine‐derived extracellular matrix biomaterials for human clinical implantation. Porcine small intestine, the source material for the tissue‐engineered, small intestinal submucosa (SIS) biomaterial, was evaluated. Relevant enveloped, non‐enveloped, and model viruses representative of different virus families were included in the investigation: porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine reovirus, murine leukemia retrovirus (LRV), and porcine pseudorabies (herpes) virus (PRV). Samples of small intestine were deliberately inoculated with approximately 1 × 107 plaque‐forming units (PFU) of virus which were thereafter exposed to a 0.18% peracetic acid/4.8% aqueous ethanol mixture for time periods ranging from 5 minutes to 2 hours. Enveloped viruses were more easily inactivated than non‐enveloped viruses, but material processed for 30 minutes or longer inactivated all of the viruses. D10 values were calculated and used to extrapolate the extent of inactivation after 2 hours. Viral titers were reduced by more than 14.0 log10 PPV, 21.0 log10 reovirus, 40.0 log10 PRV, and 27.0 log10 LRV, meeting international standards for viral sterility. These results demonstrate that treatment of porcine small intestine with a peracetic acid/ethanol solution leads to a virus‐free, non‐crosslinked biomaterial safe for xenotransplantation into humans. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 79: 211–216, 2002.
Apology in the criminal justice setting: evidence for including apology as an additional component in the legal system
Authors: Petrucci Carrie J. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe criminal justice system has reached unprecedented scope in the United States, with over 6.4 million people under some type of supervision. Remedies that have the potential to reduce this number are continually being sought. This article analyzes an innovative strategy currently being reconsidered in criminal justice: the apology. Despite a legal system that only sporadically acknowledges it, evidence for the use of apology is supported by social science research, current criminal justice theories, case law, and empirical studies. Social psychological, sociological and socio‐legal studies pinpoint the elements and function of apology, what makes apologies effective, and concerns about apology if it were implemented in the criminal justice system. Theoretical evidence is examined (including restorative justice, therapeutic jurisprudence, crime, shame, and reintegration) to explore the process of apology in the criminal justice context. Attribution theory and social conduct theory are used to explain the apology process specifically for victims and offenders. A brief examination of case law reveals that though apology has no formal place in criminal law, it has surfaced recently under the federal sentencing guidelines. Finally, empirical evidence in criminal justice settings reveals that offenders want to apologize and victims desire an apology. Moreover, by directly addressing the harmful act, apology may be the link to reduced recidivism for offenders, as well as empowerment for victims. This evidence combined suggests that apology is worthy of further study as a potentially valuable addition to the criminal justice process. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of defendant remorse on mock juror decisions in a malpractice case
Authors: Bornstein Brian H. , Rung Lahna M. , Miller Monica K. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to observe the effects of defendant remorse on monetary damages awarded to a plaintiff in a malpractice case. In two experiments, the physician‐defendant expressed remorse at the time of the incident and again at trial, expressed remorse at trial, explicitly demonstrated a lack of remorse at trial, or made no mention of remorse (or a lack thereof). Participants decided how much money to award to the plaintiff and evaluated both the plaintiff and the defendant on several dimensions. Participants awarded greater compensation when the physician expressed remorse at the time of the incident than in the other conditions, both when the plaintiff was the injured patient's spouse in a wrongful death suit (experiment 1) and when the patient sued on his own behalf (experiment 2). This effect of remorse was greater for males than for females (experiment 1) and for relatively severely injured plaintiffs (experiment 2). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extensor digitorum brevis manus: Anatomical, radiological and clinical relevance: A Review
Authors: Rodríguez‐Niedenführ Marc , Vázquez Teresa , Golanó Pau , Parkin Ian , Sañudo José R. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM) is a supernumerary muscle in the dorsum of the hand frequently misdiagnosed as a dorsal wrist ganglion, exostosis, tendon sheath cyst or synovitis. Its presence in a living subject, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is presented together with a review of the hitherto reported cases and the results of an anatomical study on 128 adult human cadavers (59 males and 69 females). The EDBM was found in three (2.3%) of the 128 cadavers. It occurred in two (3.4%) of the 59 male cadavers (one bilateral and one unilateral on the right side) and in one (1.5%) of the 69 female cadavers (unilateral on the left side). Consequently, the EDBM was found in four (1.6%) of the 256 upper limbs. It originated from the dorsal wrist capsule within the compartment deep to the extensor retinaculum for the extensor digitorum and inserted into the extensor hood of the index finger in one case and into that of the middle finger in three cases. In both hands of the living subject, the origin was similar but the insertion was into the index and middle fingers. In all cases, it was innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve and its blood supply was provided by the posterior interosseous artery. Clin. Anat. 15:286–292, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploring the climate for women as community college faculty
Authors: Serra Hagedorn Linda , Vigil Laden Berta 
Published: October 2002

AbstractDespite the literature pointing to a “chilly climate” for female students and faculty, there has been little attention to the perceived conditions for women as community college faculty members. This chapter provides a literature review as well as analyses of a national dataset of responses of community college faculty to examine the climate at the nation’s two‐year colleges.
Balloon dilation and stent implant through the side of a previously placed intravascular stent: A new option for the interventionalist
Authors: Rutledge Jennifer M. , Grifka Ronald G. , Bryant Laura L. , Mullins Charles E. , Vincent Julie A. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIntravascular stent placement for relief of vascular stenoses often requires that a stent be positioned across the origin of side‐branch vessels. Most currently available peripheral vascular stents have a closed‐cell design that will not allow catheter manipulation, dilation, or stenting through the stent cells. Therefore, if a side branch arising off a previously stented vessel is stenotic or if its origin has been compromised, transcatheter dilation of the branch vessel has not been possible. We report a series of successful balloon dilation and stent placement through the sides (cells) of previously placed IntraStent DoubleStrut LD stents in the aortic arch and abdominal aorta of pigs. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:387–393. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute and six‐month clinical outcome after Helistent stent implantation in coronary arteries: Results of the French Helistent multicenter registry
Authors: Eltchaninoff Hélène , Pillière Rémi , Traisnel Gilles , Berland Jacques , Cattan Simon , Monségu Jacques , Cribier Alain 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to determine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the new tubular (Helistent) stent (Hexacath, France) in patients with coronary artery disease. Patients were prospectively included in a multicenter French registry: acute results and 6‐month target lesion revascularization rate were assessed. A total of 628 stents were implanted in 527 patients (616 lesions). Mean age was 64 ± 11 years. Predilatation was performed in 77% of cases. The stent was successfully deployed in 99.4% of attempted lesions. Three patients died during the hospital stay and 10 patients developed myocardial infarction. Angiographic stent thrombosis rate was 1.1%. There was no need for urgent cardiac surgery during hospital stay. Six‐month clinical follow‐up was obtained in 95% of patients; target lesion revascularization rate was 8.3%. Eight patients (1.6%) (extracardiac death in three patients) died and three patients (0.6%) developed myocardial infarction. In conclusion, the Helistent stent appears safe and effective in minimizing acute complications of elective coronary interventions. Six‐month major cardiac events were rare and clinical restenosis was low (< 10%). Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:295–299. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rheolytic thrombectomy and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade for stent thrombosis
Authors: Rinfret Stéphane , Cutlip Donald E. , Katsiyiannis Peter T. , Ho Kalon K.L. , Cohen David J. , Carrozza Joseph P. , Laham Roger J. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractConventional transcatheter‐based strategies result in good procedural success but poor clinical outcome in the treatment of intracoronary stent thrombosis. A combined approach of mechanical thrombus burden reduction using AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy with adjunctive glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antagonists has not been studied. Between July 1998 and August 2000, 15 patients (17 procedures) underwent AngioJet thrombectomy for stent thrombosis at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Patients were followed clinically through 6 months following the AngioJet procedure. All patients presented with signs of acute myocardial infarction at a median of 6 days following the original stenting procedure. Most vessels (88%) were occluded at presentation. A GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor was administered during 16 of the 17 procedures. Rheolytic thrombectomy resulted in complete removal of filling defects in all reviewed cases and led to significant improvement in lumen diameter and TIMI flow with reduction in the thrombotic lesion length (all P values < 0.05). Angiographic success (< 30% residual stenosis, TIMI 3 flow) was attained in all but one procedure. No patient required emergent coronary bypass grafting, repeat coronary angioplasty, or died in‐hospital. At 6 months, there were no deaths and repeat revascularization was performed in four patients (29%). A combined approach of rheolytic thrombectomy with adjunctive GP IIb/IIIa blockade was highly effective in resolving stent thrombosis and was associated with favorable acute and long‐term outcomes. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;57:24–30. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluating bias in method comparison studies using linear regression with errors in both axes
Authors: Martínez Àngel , Riu Jordi , Rius F. Xavier 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis paper presents a theoretical background for estimating the probability of committing a β error when checking the presence of method bias. Results obtained at different concentration levels from the analytical method being tested are compared by linear regression with the results from a reference method. Method bias can be detected by applying the joint confidence interval test to the regression line coefficients from a bivariate least squares (BLS) regression technique. This finds the regression line considering the errors in the two methods. We have validated the estimated probabilities of β error by comparing them with the experimental values from 24 simulated data sets. We also compared the probabilities of β error estimated using the BLS regression method on two real data sets with those estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) and weighted least squares (WLS) regression techniques for a given level of significance α. We found that there were important differences in the values predicted with WLS and OLS compared to those predicted with the BLS regression method. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A simple approach to uncertainty propagation in preprocessed multivariate calibration
Authors: Olivieri Alejandro C. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA simple approach is described to estimate the confidence limit for the concentrations predicted by multivariate calibration when preprocessing techniques such as orthogonal signal correction or net analyte calculation are applied. It involves reconstructing the unpreprocessed data using the extracted spectral factors and those employed for prediction in order to correctly estimate the sample leverages. Monte Carlo simulations carried out by adding random noise to both concentrations and analytical signals for theoretical binary mixtures are in excellent agreement with the calculations. Experimental multicomponent examples were studied by a similar Monte Carlo approach, and the obtained variances are also in agreement with the calculated values. Implications concerning the limits of detection in the latter cases are also discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Meeting Review: Epigenetics in Development and Disease
Authors: Mungall Andrew J 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe 2002 Keystone symposia held in Taos, New Mexico (21–26 February)
saw the convergence of two related fields; Epigenetics in Development and
Disease, and RNA Interference, Cosuppression and Related Phenomena. The meeting
highlights presented here concentrate upon the sessions within the Epigenetics
in Development and Disease meeting, although there were joint sessions which
will also be discussed. Of course epigenetic regulation is not restricted
to the vertebrates but I have chosen, rightly or wrongly, to limit the highlights to
those concerning vertebrates. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.
Molecular recognition in solid‐state crystallization: Colored chiral adduct formations of 1,1′‐Bi‐2‐naphthol derivatives and benzoquinone with a third component
Authors: Imai Yoshitane , Tajima Nobuo , Sato Tomohiro , Kuroda Reiko 
Published: October 2002

AbstractMolecular recognition in solid‐state crystallization involving derivatives of 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol and benzoquinone was studied. No adduct crystal was formed when crystals of biphenyl were further added as a third component to a grinding mixture of crystals of chiral 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol and benzoquinone, which by itself did not form an adduct. This contrasts with the case in which further addition of naphthalene crystals to the same mixture produced a new red crystal. Adduct formations using chiral 6,6′‐dibromo‐1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol in place of 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol were also studied. In this case, adducts were produced either with or without biphenyl as a third compound, but the colors of the adducts differed significantly in the two cases: red and bluish‐black. The same three‐component adduct crystals were produced from solid‐grinding and solution crystallization and the structure was determined by X‐ray diffractometry. Based on the crystal structures, theoretical calculations were carried out to compare the mechanism of colorations in the binary and the ternary complexes. Chirality 14:604–609, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microtubule displacements at the tips of living flagella
Authors: Vernon Geraint G. , Woolley David M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe have observed that the flagellar axoneme of the Chinese hamster spermatozoon undergoes periodic changes in length at the same frequency as the flagellar beat. The amplitude of the length oscillation recorded at the tip is maximally about 0.5 μm or 0.2% of the total length. In some favourable cells, it was possible to see the opposing “halves” of the axoneme moving at the tip in a reciprocating manner and 180° out‐of‐phase. This behaviour, when analysed quantitatively, is broadly consistent with predictions made from the sliding‐doublet theory of ciliary and flagellar motility and thus it constitutes an additional verification of the theory, for the first time in a living cell. However, on close examination, there is a partial mismatch between the timing of the length oscillation and the phase of the beat cycle. We deduce from this that there is some sliding at the base of the flagellum, sliding that is accommodated by elastic compression of the connecting piece. Micrographic evidence for such compression is presented. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 52:151–160, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microsatellite instability and mutation analysis of candidate genes in unselected sardinian patients with endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Baldinu Paola , Cossu Antonio , Manca Antonella , Satta Maria P. , Pisano Marina , Casula Milena , Dessole Salvatore , Pintus Adriana , Tanda Francesco , Palmieri Giuseppe 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicrosatellite instability (MSI) is due mostly to a defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR). Inactivation of the two principal MMR genes, hMLH1 and hMSH2, and the PTEN tumor suppressor gene seems to be involved in endometrial tumorigenesis. In this study, Sardinian patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC) were analyzed to assess the prevalence of both the mutator phenotype (as defined by the presence of MSI and abnormal MMR gene expression at the somatic level) and the hMLH1, hMSH2, and PTEN germline mutations among patients with MSI positive EC.METHODSParaffin embedded tissue samples from 116 consecutive patients with EC were screened for MSI by polymerase chain reaction‐based microsatellite analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) with anti‐hMLH1 and anti‐hMSH2 antibodies was performed on MSI positive tumor tissue sections. Germline DNA was used for mutational screening by denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis and automated sequencing.RESULTSThirty‐nine patients with EC (34%) exhibited MSI; among them, 25 tumor samples (64%) showed negative immunostaining for hMLH1/hMSH2 proteins (referred to as IHC negative). No disease‐causing mutation within the coding sequences of the hMLH1/hMSH2 and PTEN genes was found in patients with EC who had the mutator phenotype (MSI positive and IHC negative), except for a newly described hMLH1 missense mutation, Ile655Val, that was observed in 1 of 27 patients (4%). Although MSI was more common among patients with advanced‐stage EC and increased as the tumor grade increased, no significant correlation with disease free survival or overall survival was observed among the two groups (MSI positive or MSI negative) of patients with EC.CONCLUSIONSIn patients with MSI positive EC, epigenetic inactivations rather than genetic mutations of the MMR genes seem to be involved in endometrial tumorigenesis. No prognostic value was demonstrated for MSI in patients with EC. Cancer 2002;94:3157–68. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10606
Brain metastases in locally advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma after multimodality treatment
Authors: Luca Ceresoli Giovanni , Reni Michele , Chiesa Giuseppe , Carretta Angelo , Schipani Stefano , Passoni Paolo , Bolognesi Angelo , Zannini Piero , Villa Eugenio 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDBrain metastases (BM) are frequent sites of initial failure in patients with locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (LAD‐NSCLC) undergoing multimodality treatments (MMT). New treatment and follow‐up strategies are needed to reduce the risk of BM and to diagnose them early enough for effective treatment.METHODSThe incidence rate of BM as the first site of recurrence in 112 patients with LAD‐NSCLC treated with the same MMT protocol was calculated. The influence of patient, disease, and treatment‐related factors on the incidence of BM and on the time‐to‐brain recurrence (TBR) was analyzed.RESULTSBM as the first site of failure was observed in 25 cases (22% of the study population and 29% of all recurrences). In 18 of those cases, the brain was the exclusive site of recurrence. Median TBR was 9 months. The 2‐year actuarial incidence of BM was 29%. Central nervous system (CNS) recurrence was more common in patients younger than 60 years (P = 0.006) and in whom bulky (≥ 2 cm) mediastinal lymph nodes were present (P = 0.02). TBR was influenced by age (P = 0.004) and by bulky lymph node disease (P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis confirmed the prognostic role of age, whereas the presence of clinical bulky mediastinal lymph nodes was of borderline significance.CONCLUSIONSOur study confirmed a high rate of BM in patients with LAD‐NSCLC submitted to MMT. Most of these CNS recurrences were isolated and occurred within 2 years of initial diagnosis. Age younger than 60 years was associated with an increased risk of BM and reduced TBR, whereas the presence of clinical bulky mediastinal lymph nodes was of borderline significance. Although our data require further validation in future studies, our results suggest that additional trials on prophylactic cranial irradiation and on intensive radiologic follow‐up should focus on these high‐risk populations. Cancer 2002;95:605–12. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10687