bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of lysosomal cathepsins in the cleavage of DNA topoisomerase I during necrotic cell death
Authors: Pacheco Fabio J. , Servin Jacqueline , Dang David , Kim Jim , Molinaro Christine , Daniels Tracy , Brown‐Bryan Terry A. , Imoto‐Egami Mizue , Casiano Carlos A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractObjectiveAutoantibodies to DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) are associated with diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc), appear to be antigen driven, and may be triggered by cryptic epitopes exposed during in vivo topo I fragmentation. These autoantibodies recognize topo I and fragments of this autoantigen generated during apoptosis and necrosis. We undertook this study to determine whether lysosomal cathepsins are involved in topo I fragmentation during necrosis.MethodsTopo I cleavage during necrosis was assessed by immunoblotting of lysates from L929 fibroblasts exposed to tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and the broad caspase inhibitor Z‐VAD‐FMK, and by immunoblotting of lysates from endothelial cells treated with HgCl2. Purified topo I and L929 nuclei were incubated with cathepsins B, D, G, H, and L, and topo I cleavage was detected by immunoblotting. The intracellular localization of cathepsin L activity and topo I in necrotic cells was examined using fluorescence microscopy.ResultsTreatment of L929 cells with TNFα and Z‐VAD‐FMK induced caspase‐independent cell death with necrotic morphology. This cell death involved topo I cleavage into fragments of approximately 70 kd and 45 kd. This cleavage profile was reproduced in vitro by cathepsins L and H and was inhibited by the cathepsin L inhibitor Z‐FY‐CHO. During necrosis, cathepsin L activity diffused from lysosomes into the cytoplasm and nucleus, whereas topo I partially relocalized to the cytoplasm. Z‐FY‐CHO delayed necrosis and partially blocked topo I cleavage. The topo I cleavage fragments were also detected in necrotic endothelial cells and recognized by SSc sera containing anti–topo I antibodies.ConclusionThese results implicate cathepsins, particularly cathepsin L, in the cleavage of topo I during necrosis. This cleavage may generate potentially immunogenic fragments that could trigger anti–topo I immune responses in SSc.
Requirement of activation of complement C3 and C5 for antiphospholipid antibody–mediated thrombophilia
Authors: Pierangeli Silvia S. , Girardi Guillermina , Vega‐Ostertag Mariano , Liu Xiaowei , Espinola Ricardo G. , Salmon Jane 
Published: June 2005

AbstractObjectiveAntiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been shown to induce thrombosis, activate endothelial cells, and induce fetal loss. The pathogenesis of aPL‐induced thrombosis, although not completely understood, may involve platelet and endothelial cell activation as well as procoagulant effects of aPL directly on clotting pathway components. Recent studies have shown that uncontrolled complement activation leads to fetal death in aPL‐treated mice. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that aPL are responsible for activation of complement, thus generating split products that induce thrombosis.MethodsTo study thrombus dynamics and adhesion of leukocytes we used in vivo murine models of thrombosis and microcirculation, in which injections of aPL were used.ResultsMice deficient in complement components C3 and C5 were resistant to the enhanced thrombosis and endothelial cell activation that was induced by aPL. Furthermore, inhibition of C5 activation using anti‐C5 monoclonal antibodies prevented thrombophilia induced by aPL.ConclusionThese data show that complement activation mediates 2 important effectors of aPL, induction of thrombosis and activation of endothelial cells.
Symmetry‐breaking in mammalian cell cohort migration during tissue pattern formation: Role of random‐walk persistence
Authors: Huang S. , Brangwynne C.P. , Parker K.K. , Ingber D.E. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCoordinated, cohort cell migration plays an important role in the morphogenesis of tissue patterns in metazoa. However, individual cells intrinsically move in a random walk‐like fashion when studied in vitro. Hence, in the absence of an external orchestrating influence or template, the emergence of cohort cell migration must involve a symmetry‐breaking event. To study this process, we used a novel experimental system in which multiple capillary endothelial cells exhibit spontaneous and robust cohort migration in the absence of chemical gradients when cultured on micrometer‐scale extracellular matrix islands fabricated using microcontact printing. A computational model suggested that directional persistence of random‐walk and dynamic mechanical coupling of adjacent cells are the critical control parameters for this symmetry‐breaking behavior that is induced in spatially‐constrained cell ensembles. The model predicted our finding that fibroblasts, which exhibit a much shorter motility persistence time than endothelial cells, failed to undergo symmetry breaking or produce cohort migration on the matrix islands. These findings suggest that cells have intrinsic motility characteristics that are tuned to match their role in tissue patterning. Our results underscore the importance of studying cell motility in the context of cell populations, and the need to address emergent features in multicellular organisms that arise not only from cell‐cell and cell‐matrix interactions, but also from properties that are intrinsic to individual cells. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 61:201–213, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improving the quality of life of patients with prostate carcinoma
Authors: Giesler R. Brian , Given Barbara , Given Charles W. , Rawl Susan , Monahan Patrick , Burns Debra , Azzouz Faouzi , Reuille Kristina M. , Weinrich Sally , Koch Michael , Champion Victoria 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDTreatments for clinically localized prostate carcinoma are accompanied by sexual, urinary, and bowel dysfunction and other sequelae that can result in significant distress and reduced well being. Methods capable of improving quality of life are needed that can be integrated into clinical practice. To address this need, a nurse‐driven, cancer care intervention was developed and tested.METHODSWithin 6 weeks after completing treatment, 99 patients, along with their partners, were enrolled into a prospective, controlled trial and were randomized to receive the cancer care intervention or to receive standard care. Participants in the intervention arm met once each month for 6 months with an oncology nurse intervenor, who helped patients identify their quality‐of‐life needs using an interactive computer program. The intervener then provided education and support tailored to participants' needs. Primary outcome variables included 1) disease‐specific quality of life, including sexual, urinary, and bowel outcomes and cancer worry; 2) depression; 3) dyadic adjustment; and 4) general quality of life. Outcomes data were collected prior to randomization and again at 4 months, 7 months, and 12 months posttreatment.RESULTSPatients in the intervention arm experienced long‐term improvements in quality‐of‐life outcomes related to sexual functioning and cancer worry compared with patients who received standard care. Baseline depression moderated the impact of the intervention on several other quality‐of‐life outcomes.CONCLUSIONSThe findings of the current study indicated that a computer‐assisted, nurse‐driven intervention was capable of providing durable improvements in the quality of life of men who underwent treatment for clinically localized prostate carcinoma. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Estrogen regulation of cell proliferation and distribution of estrogen receptor‐α in the brains of adult female prairie and meadow voles
Authors: Fowler Christie D. , Johnson Frank , Wang Zuoxin 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAdult female prairie (Microtus ochrogaster) and meadow (M. pennsylvanicus) voles were compared to examine neural cell proliferation and the effects of estrogen manipulation on cell proliferation in the amygdala, ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (DG). Unlike prior studies, our study focused on the amygdala and VMH, because they are involved in social behaviors and may underlie behavioral differences between the species. Meadow voles had a higher density of cells labeled with the cell proliferation marker 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) in the amygdala and DG than did prairie voles. Treatment with estradiol benzoate (EB) for 3 days increased the density of BrdU‐labeled cells in the amygdala, particularly in the posterior cortical (pCorA) and medial (pMeA) nuclei, in meadow, but not prairie, voles. Furthermore, the majority of the BrdU‐labeled cells in the pCorA and pMeA displayed either a neuronal or a glial progenitor phenotype, but no species or treatment differences were found in the percentage of neuronal or glial progenitor cells. To understand better estrogen's effects on adult neurogenesis, we also examined estrogen receptor‐α (ERα) distribution. Meadow voles had more ERα‐labeled cells in the pCorA and VMH, but not in the pMeA or DG, than did prairie voles. In addition, more than one‐half of the BrdU‐labeled cells in the amygdala of both species coexpressed ERα labeling. Together, these data indicate that estrogen alters cell proliferation in a species‐ and region‐specific manner, and some of these effects may lie in the specific localization of estrogen receptors in the adult vole brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 489:166–179, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative anatomy of α2 and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [3H]clonidine and [3H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry
Authors: Zikopoulos Basileios , Dermon Catherine R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe present study aimed to determine the anatomic distribution and developmental profile of α2 and β adrenoceptors (AR) in marine teleost brain. Alpha 2 and β adrenoceptors were studied at different developmental stages by using [3H]clonidine and [3H]dihydroalprenolol, respectively, by means of in vitro quantitative autoradiography. Furthermore, immunohistochemical localization of the receptor subtypes was performed to determine their cellular distribution. Saturation studies determined a high‐affinity component of [3H]clonidine and [3H]dihydroalprenolol binding sites. High levels of both receptors were found in preglomerular complex, ventral hypothalamus, and lateral torus. Dorsal hypothalamus and isthmus included high levels of α2 AR, whereas pretectum and molecular and proliferative zone of cerebellum were specifically characterized by high densities of β AR. From the first year of life, adult levels of both AR were found in most medial telencephalic, hypothalamic, and posterior tegmental areas. Decreases in both receptors densities with age were prominent in ventral and posterior telencephalic, pretectal, ventral thalamic, hypothalamic, and tegmental brain regions. Immunohistochemical data were well correlated with autoradiography and demonstrated the presence of α2A, α2C, β1, and β2 AR subtype‐like immunoreactivity. Both the neuronal (perikaryal or dendritic) and the glial localization of receptors was revealed. The localization and age‐dependent alterations in α2 and β AR were parallel to plasticity mechanisms, such as cell proliferation in periventricular thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. In addition, the biochemical characteristics, distribution pattern, and neuronal or glial specificity of the receptors in teleost brain support a similar profile of noradrenergic transmission in vertebrate brain evolution. J. Comp. Neurol. 489:217–240, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of actin polymerization in bending of the early heart tube
Authors: Latacha Kimberly S. , Rémond Mathieu C. , Ramasubramanian Ashok , Chen Amy Y. , Elson Elliot L. , Taber Larry A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractDuring cardiac c‐looping, the heart transforms from a straight tube into a c‐shaped tube, presenting the first evidence of left–right asymmetry in the embryo. C‐looping consists of two primary deformation components: ventral bending and dextral rotation. This study examines the role of actin polymerization in bending of the heart tube. Exposure of stage 9–11 chick embryos to low concentrations of the actin polymerization inhibitors cytochalasin D (5 nM–2.0 μM) and latrunculin A (LA; 25 nM–2.0 μM) suppressed looping in a stage‐ and concentration‐dependent manner in both whole embryos and isolated hearts. Local exposure of either the dorsal or ventral sides of isolated hearts to LA also inhibited looping, but less than global exposure, indicating that both sides contribute to the bending mechanism. Taken together, these data suggest that ongoing actin polymerization is required for the bending component of cardiac c‐looping, and we speculate that polymerization‐driven myocardial cell shape changes cause this deformation. Developmental Dynamics 233:1272–1286, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nude thymic rudiment lacking functional foxn1 resembles respiratory epithelium
Authors: Dooley James , Erickson Matthew , Roelink Henk , Farr Andrew G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe epithelial compartment of the thymus arises from endoderm of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch. As it moves from a cervical to a mediastinal position during development, this epithelium becomes populated by lymphoid progenitor cells from the blood and begins to support their differentiation along the T cell lineage. Productive differentiation of thymic epithelium is strictly dependent on the foxn1 transcription factor, as evidenced by the lack of functional thymic tissue in nude mice that carry a spontaneous loss‐of‐function mutation of foxn1. Evaluation of the thymic rudiment epithelium from nude mice revealed phenotypic properties and tissue organization that was strongly reminiscent of respiratory epithelium. These data suggest that foxn1 may be involved in directing lineage choices of multi‐potential progenitor epithelial cells rather than simply affecting the terminal differentiation program of epithelial cells specified to a thymic fate. Developmental Dynamics 233:1605–1612, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self‐Assembly of 1D to 3D Cadmium Complexes: Structural Characterization and Properties
Authors: Li Xing , Cao Rong , Bi Wenhua , Yuan Daqiang , Sun Daofeng 
Published: June 2005

AbstractSelf‐assembly reactions of 5‐sulfoisophthalic monosodium salt (NaH2sipa), Cd(NO3)2·4H2O and 2,2'‐bipyridine (or 4,4'‐bipyridine) under hydrothermal condition give rise to four polymeric complexes, namely {[Cd3(sipa)2(2,2'‐bpy)4(H2O)2]·6H2O}n (1), {[Cd(sipa)(H‐4,4'‐bpy)(H2O)]·2H2O}n (2); {[Cd2(sipa)(4,4'‐bpy)3(H2O)3]·[Cd(sipa)(4,4'‐bpy)(H2O)]·8H2O}n (3),and {[Cd3(sipa)2(4,4'‐bpy)4(H2O)2]·3H2O}n (4), respectively. X‐ray diffraction analyses reveal that complex 1 possesses a 1D rail‐like chain structure, 2 is a 1D double chain, 3 has a 2D network consisting of an independent [Cd2(sipa)(4,4'‐bpy)3(H2O)3]nn+ cationic layer and a [Cd(sipa)(4,4'‐bpy)(H2O)]nn– anionic layer, and 4 is a novel 3D self‐penetrating network constructed from two mixed bridging ligands. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and fluorescent measurements of complexes 1–4 have also been performed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Ruthenium Complexes of the Scorpionate Ligand Bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)dithioacetate and the Effect of Nitric Oxide Coordination
Authors: Ortiz Mayreli , Penabad Ariadna , Díaz Alicia , Cao Roberto , Otero Antonio , Antiñolo Antonio , Lara Agustín 
Published: June 2005

AbstractSix new ruthenium(II) complexes with the scorpionateligand bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)dithio‐κ3N,N,S‐acetate (bdmpzdta) were obtained by treatment of the ligand with RuCl3 or [RuCl3(NO)] in 1:1 or 2:1 molar ratios in the presence or absence of ethylenediamine. In all six complexes the pyrazolic rings lie in the equatorial plane. The mononitrosyl complexes present a sharp ν(NO) band in the range 1864–1859 cm–1 for samples prepared either as KBr tablets or dichloromethane solutions. In the case of [Ru(NO)(bdmpzdta)2]Cl (7), the dithiocarboxylate group of one of the ligands is not coordinated (κ2N,N). In the other five complexes, however, bdmpzdta behaves as a κ3N,N,S scorpionate ligand. When the complexes obtained from RuCl3 were dissolved in dichloromethane and NO was bubbled through the solution, a high degree of coordination of NO+ was observed, according to IR, UV and voltammetric studies. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Synthesis and Crystal Structures of [W(3,6‐dichloro‐1,2‐benzenedithiolate)3]n– (n = 1, 2) and [Mo(3,6‐dichloro‐1,2‐benzenedithiolate)3]2–: Dependence of the Coordination Geometry on the Oxidation Number and Counter‐Cation in Trigonal‐Prismatic and Octahedral Structures
Authors: Sugimoto Hideki , Furukawa Yuuki , Tarumizu Makoto , Miyake Hiroyuki , Tanaka Koji , Tsukube Hiroshi 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe novel complexes (Et4N)2[W(bdtCl2)3] (1a), (Ph4P)2[W(bdtCl2)3] (1b), (Et4N)[W(bdtCl2)3] (2a), (Ph4P)[W(bdtCl2)3](2b), (C5NH6)[W(bdtCl2)3] (2c), and (Et3NH)2[Mo(bdtCl2)3] (3a) (bdtCl2 = 3,6‐dichloro‐1,2‐benzenedithiolate) were prepared and characterized by X‐ray crystallographic, UV/Vis spectroscopic, and electrochemical methods. Versatile geometrical changes around the tungsten centers were observed. The trigonal‐prismatic structure of the tungsten center in (Et4N)2[W(bdtCl2)3] (1a) is changed to an intermediate structure between trigonal prismatic and octahedral upon solid‐state oxidation of the complex to (Et4N)[W(bdtCl2)3] (2a). Replacement of the counter‐cation of (Et4N)2[W(bdtCl2)3] (1a) with Ph4P+ also resulted in geometrical changes and somewhat of an octahedral contribution is included in (Ph4P)2[W(bdtCl2)3] (1b). However, almost the same coordination structures are present in the series of structures (Et4N)[W(bdtCl2)3] (2a), (Ph4P)[W(bdtCl2)3] (2b), and (C5NH6)[W(bdtCl2)3] (2c), with an oxidation number of +5. These structures adopt an intermediate geometry between trigonal prismatic and octahedral. No geometrical change was observed upon changing the metal center from tungsten to molybdenum in [M(bdtCl2)3]2– (M = W and Mo). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Self‐Assembled Triorganotin(IV) Moieties with 1,3,5‐Benzenetricarboxylic Acid: Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Monomeric, Helical, and Network Triorganotin(IV) Complexes
Authors: Ma Chunlin , Han Yinfeng , Zhang Rufen , Wang Daqi 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA series of novel triorganotin(IV) complexes of the type [(R3Sn)3(TMA)]·Y·L [R = CH3, Y = 3CH3OH (1); R = CH3, Y = 2CH3OH (2); R = C6H5CH2(3); R =o‐F‐C6H4CH2(4); R =o‐Cl‐C6H4CH2(5); R = C6H5, L = CH2Cl2(6); R = C6H5, L = EtOH·2H2O (7); R = C6H5, L = Et2O·CH2Cl2(8); H3TMA = 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid] and [(CH3)3Sn]2(HTMA)·H2O (9) have been synthesized. All complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and by IR,1H,13C, and119Sn NMR spectroscopy. Except for4and5, all complexes were also characterized by X‐ray crystallography. Complex1possesses a network structure where TMA acts as a tridentate ligand coordinated to three trimethyltin(IV) moieties and three methanol molecules that are involved in a hydrogen‐bond system, whereas2possesses a helical structure where TMA acts as a tetradentate ligand coordinated to three trimethyltin(IV) ions and two methanol molecules that bend into the helical turn in the intra‐helix hydrogen‐bond system. Complexes3–8are monomeric structures where TMA acts as a hexadentate ligand coordinated to triorganotin(IV) ions and9possesses a network structure where TMA acts as a tetradentate ligand coordinated to trimethyltin(IV) ions and water molecules in the hydrogen‐bond system that links the neighboring layers into a 3D network. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Valence Tautomerism: New Challenges for Electroactive Ligands
Authors: Evangelio Emilia , Ruiz‐Molina Daniel 
Published: June 2005

AbstractValence tautomeric complexes combine redox‐active ligands and transition metal ions with two or more accessible oxidation states, exhibiting two nearly degenerated electronic states with localized electronic structures. Charge distribution in such electronic isomers has an appreciable sensitivity to the environment so an external perturbation, like photons, temperature and/or pressure, may lead to an intramolecular electron transfer between both redox active units and therefore to a reversible interconversion between the two degenerated electronic states. Moreover, since each electronic isomer exhibits different optical, electronic and/or magnetic properties, these complexes are being proposed as candidates for future use in molecular electronic devices and switches. Most of the valence tautomeric complexes reported thus far are based on quinone or quinone‐type ligands with a series of transition metal ions such as Co, Cu, Ni and Mn. Nevertheless, in the last few years, the number of electroactive ligands identified to be active in valence tautomeric complexes is being expanded by including new radical ligands such as polychlorotriphenylmethyl, phenoxyl or tetraphenylporphyrin radicals. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Sensitization of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Films with Carboxy‐Functionalized Bis(indolyl)maleimide
Authors: Kükrer Kaletas Basak , Kozhevnikov Valery N. , Zimine Mikhail , Williams René M. , König Burkhard , De Cola Luisa 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe immobilization on a semiconductor surface of a bis(indolyl)maleimide functionalized with two carboxylic acid groups by alkylation of the indole nitrogen atoms is presented and its synthesis is described. The compound, 3,4‐bis[1‐(carboxymethyl)‐3‐indolyl]‐1H‐pyrrole‐2,5‐dione is strongly colored and emissive and the imide part can coordinate an oxidizable substrate. Its absorption and emission spectra on TiO2 are substantially changed as compared to the spectra obtained in neat acetonitrile, indicating surface bonding through the carboxy groups. The quenching of the fluorescence of the sensitizer by the TiO2 surface is almost complete, reflecting the high degree of association between the TiO2 and the dye, fast charge injection and good electronic coupling between the sensitizer and the semiconductor. Nanosecond transient absorption spectra of the free sensitizer and of TiO2 surface bound sensitizer are recorded and compared. While the free chromophore in neat acetonitrile shows a transient absorption spectrum that decays on the nanosecond timescale (like the emission), the transient absorption spectra of the sensitized TiO2 film show a band at 360 nm, and a decay on the microsecond time scale. This is assigned to a slow recombination reaction of the charge‐separated state. The properties discussed indicate that our system can be considered as a model compound for the development of photocatalysts immobilized on surfaces. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
A Mild and Efficient Asymmetric Hetero‐Diels–Alder Reaction of the Brassard Diene with Aldehydes
Authors: Fan Qian , Lin Lili , Liu Jie , Huang Yaozong , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis paper describes the successful development of the hetero‐Diels–Alder (HDA) reaction of the Brassard diene with aldehydes in the presence of a series of titanium(IV) tridentate Schiff‐base complexes under mild conditions. The influence of the substituent of the chiral Schiff‐base ligands on the enantioselectivities of the reaction was studied. It was found that ligand L13 is a highly enantioselective ligand for the Ti‐catalyzed HDA reaction, affording 6‐substituted 4‐ethoxy‐5,6‐dihydropyran‐2‐one in up to 99 % ee. The mechanism of the HDA reaction between the Brassard diene and benzaldehyde in the presence of the (Schiff base)TiIV complex was investigated. The results indicate that the reaction pathway is influenced by reaction temperature: at higher temperature (0 °C), the reaction is mostly a Diels–Alder process, whereas at lower temperature (–78 °C) it is a Mukaiyama aldol process. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)