bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clarifying varied Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies: A comprehensive review
Authors: Wu Xiaoqi , Duan Miao , Kong Qingzhou , Zeng Shuyan , Xu Leiqi , Li Yueyue , Yang Xiaoyun , Zuo Xiuli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCurrent global variations exist in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication regimens. Triple therapy (TT), bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT), and high‐dose dual therapy (HDDT) currently represent the predominant regimens. These regimens diverge in terms of treatment duration, the utilization of susceptibility testing, acid‐inhibiting drug administration, and patient education. We conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review on these H. pylori treatment regimens. Our review aims to provide standardized treatment recommendations for H. pylori, reducing the risk of amalgamating findings from diverse eradication regimens. Recent research suggests that the optimal treatment duration for TT and BQT may be 14 and 10 days, respectively. Selecting the appropriate treatment duration for HDDT should rely on regional research evidence, and 14 days may be the optimal duration. The incorporation of susceptibility testing in TT is of paramount importance. In the case of BQT, the absence of susceptibility testing may be considered as an option, contingent upon cost and availability, and should be determined based on local antibiotic resistance patterns and the efficacy of empirical regimens. The type and dosage of acid‐inhibiting drug would affect the efficacy of these regimens. Acid‐inhibiting drugs should be selected and applied reasonably according to the population and therapies. Adequate patient education plays a pivotal role in the eradication of H. pylori. In regions with accessible local research evidence, the 10‐day empirical BQT regimen may be considered a preferred choice for H. pylori eradication.
Er3+/Yb3+ ions doped chiral inorganic nanostructured BiOCl phosphor as a novel temperature sensing material
Authors: Zhang Haoqiang , Chen Hao , Xu Liang , Li Yongjin , Song Zhiguo , Zhou Dacheng , Wang Qi , Long Zhangwen , Yang Yong , Wen Yugeng , Han Jin , Gao Yuan , Qiu Jianbei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInorganic chiral materials have attracted increasing attention due to their application prospects. In this work, we synthesized the chiral nanostructured bismuth oxychloride co‐doped with Er3+/Yb3+ phosphor (D‐BYEP) by hydrothermal growth with a subsequent air‐annealing strategy using chiral sugar alcohols as the chiral inducer. The D‐BYEP emitted bright red light under the excitation of 980 nm near‐infrared laser. The temperature sensing behavior was evaluated by employing the thermally coupled (TCLs) or non‐thermally coupled (NTCLs) levels of Er3+. The maximum relative sensitivities (SR) obtained are 0.84% K−1 and 1.30% K−1 (298 K), respectively. The results show that the D‐BYEP may be ideal candidates for optical temperature sensors. We anticipate that this new type of inorganic chiral phosphor may have a range of applications in temperature measurement of light sources.
Supplemental Material: Subduction polarity reversal facilitated by plate coupling during arc-continent collision: Evidence from the Western Kunlun orogenic belt, northwest Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Tao Zaili , Yin Jiyuan , Xiao W.J. , al. et 
Published: January 2024

<p>Materials and methods, Figures S1–S6, and Tables S1–S7. </p>
Diabetes and chronic kidney disease in Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Wang Xue , Chen Lu , Shi Kexiang , Lv Jun , Sun Dianjianyi , Pei Pei , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Liu Jiaqiu , Yang Xiaoming , Barnard Maxim , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Li Liming , Yu Canqing 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionCohort evidence of the association of diabetes mellitus (DM) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is limited. Previous studies often describe patients with kidney disease and diabetes as diabetic kidney disease (DKD) or CKD, ignoring other subtypes. The present study aimed to assess the prospective association of diabetes status (no diabetes, pre-diabetes, screened diabetes, previously diagnosed controlled/uncontrolled diabetes with/without antidiabetic treatment) and random plasma glucose (RPG) with CKD risk (including CKD subtypes) among Chinese adults.Research design and methodsThe present study included 472 545 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank, using baseline information on diabetes and RPG. The incident CKD and its subtypes were collected through linkage with the national health insurance system during follow-up. Cox regression models were used to calculate the HR and 95% CI.ResultsDuring 11.8 years of mean follow-up, 5417 adults developed CKD. Screened plus previously diagnosed diabetes was positively associated with CKD (HR=4.52, 95% CI 4.23 to 4.83), DKD (HR=33.85, 95% CI 29.56 to 38.76), and glomerulonephritis (HR=1.66, 95% CI 1.40 to 1.97). In those with previously diagnosed diabetes, participants with uncontrolled diabetes represented higher risks of CKD, DKD, and glomerulonephritis compared with those with controlled RPG. The risk of DKD was found to rise in participants with pre-diabetes and increased with the elevated RPG level, even in those without diabetes.ConclusionsAmong Chinese adults, diabetes was positively associated with CKD, DKD, and glomerulonephritis. Screen-detected and uncontrolled DM had a high risk of CKD, and pre-diabetes was associated with a greater risk of DKD, highlighting the significance of lifelong glycemic management.
Diagnostic accuracy of foot length measurement for identification of preterm newborn in rural Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Tikmani Shiyam Sundar , Brown Nick , Inayat Alijaan , Mårtensson Andreas , Saleem Sarah , Mårtensson Thomas 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAssessing gestational age accurately is crucial for saving preterm newborns. In low and middle-income countries, such as Pakistan, where access to antenatal ultrasonography (A-USG) is limited, alternative methods are needed. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of foot length (FL) measurement for identifying preterm newborns in rural Pakistan using A-USG as the reference standard.MethodsA test validation study was conducted between January and June 2023 in rural Sindh, Pakistan, within the catchment area of the Global Network for Maternal Newborn Health Registry, Thatta. Singleton newborns whose mothers had an A-USG before 20 weeks of gestation were enrolled. A research assistant measured FL three times using a rigid transparent plastic ruler within 48 hours of birth and the average FL was reported. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) and likelihood ratios were calculated. The optimal FL cut-off for the identification of preterm newborns was determined using the Youden Index.ResultsA total of 336 newborns were included in the final analysis, of whom 75 (22.3%) were born before 37 weeks of gestation. The median gestational age of the newborns was 38.2 weeks, and the median FL was 7.9 cm. The area under the curve was 97.6%. The optimal FL cut-off for identifying preterm newborns was considered as ≤7.6 cm with a sensitivity of 90.8%, specificity of 96.0%, PPV of 86.7% and NPV of 97.3%. A lower cut-off of ≤7.5 cm had a sensitivity of 95.4%, specificity of 84.0%, PPV of 63.1% and NPV of 98.5%.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study highlights the utility of FL measurement for identifying preterm newborns in rural settings where A-USG is unavailable before 20 weeks of gestation. Optimal cut-offs of ≤7.6 and ≤7.5 cm provide a simple, cost-effective and reliable tool for clinicians and frontline healthcare providers in rural areas, respectively.Trial registration numberNCT05515211.
Plus noise unlock
Authors: Fradkin Meesh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
What happens when speech synthesis applications are incompatible with certain software? This essay considers how inaccessibility within the software and programming language Max is sonically, aesthetically, culturally, and ideologically amplified through a case study of “plus noise unlock,” which is the sound made by the author’s computer when she attempts to use a screen reader within a patcher window.
Gegen wen ist Kuria Doxa 33 gerichtet?
Authors: Robitzsch Jan Maximilian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Scholars usually understand Κύρια Δόξα (ΚΔ) 33 as an antiplatonic polemic. This paper denies the communis opinio. First, it argues for an ontological reading of the maxim according to which justice (understood as virtue) is not a body but a property. Second, it shows that the Stoics hold the very thesis disputed in ΚΔ 33, namely that virtue is a body. This makes the Stoa the natural target of the maxim. Finally, the paper deals with De rerum natura I.464-482: here Lucretius criticizes nameless opponents with regard to the thesis that events are to be understood as bodies. If these opponents can be identified with the Stoics, as is usually assumed, there is further evidence besides ΚΔ 33 that the Epicureans engaged with the Stoic thesis of corporealism.
Incidence and risk factors of early onset VOD/SOS differ in younger vs older adults after stem cell transplantation
Authors: Marcoux Curtis , Saliba Rima M. , Wallis Whitney , Khazal Sajad , Ragoonanan Dristhi , Rondon Gabriela , Tewari Priti , Popat Uday , Oran Betul , Olson Amanda , Bashir Qaiser , Qazilbash Muzaffar , Alousi Amin , Hosing Chitra , Nieto Yago , Alatrash Gheath , Marin David , Rezvani Katayoun , Khouri Issa , Srour Samer , Champlin Richard , Shpall Elizabeth , Kebriaei Partow 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Although increasing awareness and modern transplant techniques have mitigated risk, the interaction of historic risk factors in the current era with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is unknown. We performed a retrospective single-center analysis of adult patients aged ≥18 years undergoing allo-SCT (N = 1561) using predominately PTCy as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis (72%). We found a higher rate of VOD at 16.8% (20 of 119) in those aged ≤25 years compared with 3.8% (55 of 1442) in those aged &gt;25 years, with unique predictors of VOD within each cohort. Multivariate classification and regression tree (CART) analysis confirmed age as the primary independent determinant of the rate of VOD. Among patients aged 18 to 25 years, disease risk index (DRI; 31% with high/very high DRI vs 12% low/intermediate DRI; P = .03) and prior lines of chemotherapy (24% with &gt;1 vs 6% with ≤1; P = .03) were the strongest predictors of VOD. Incidence of VOD in patients aged &gt;25 years of age consistently ranged between 3% and 5% across most risk factors evaluated, with only hepatic factors (baseline elevation of bilirubin, aspartate transferase, alanine aminotransferase) or gemtuzumab exposure associated with increased rates of VOD. There was no significant difference in rates of VOD in those receiving PTCy compared with those receiving alternate GVHD prophylaxis. Our data highlight the differences in incidence and predictors of VOD between younger (≤25) and older (&gt;25) adults undergoing allo-SCT.
The role of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) imaging in clinical outcomes during cardiac arrest: a systematic review
Authors: Zaki Hany A. , Iftikhar Haris , Shaban Eman E. , Najam Mavia , Alkahlout Baha Hamdi , Shallik Nabil , Elnabawy Wael , Basharat Kaleem , Azad Aftab Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Cardiac arrest in hospital and out-of-hospital settings is associated with high mortality rates. Therefore, a bedside test that can predict resuscitation outcomes of cardiac arrest patients is of great value. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has the potential to be used as an effective diagnostic and prognostic tool during cardiac arrest, particularly in observing the presence or absence of cardiac activity. However, it is highly susceptible to “self-fulfilling prophecy” and is associated with prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), which negatively impacts the survival rates of cardiac arrest patients. As a result, the current systematic review was created to assess the role of POCUS in predicting the clinical outcomes associated with out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrests.

Methods
The search for scientific articles related to our study was done either through an electronic database search (i.e., PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Google Scholar) or manually going through the reference list of the relevant articles. A quality appraisal was also carried out with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (QUADAS-2), and the prognostic test performance (sensitivity and sensitivity) was tabulated.

Results
The search criteria yielded 3984 articles related to our topic, of which only 22 were eligible for inclusion. After reviewing the literature, we noticed a wide variation in the definition of cardiac activity, and the statistical heterogeneity was high; therefore, we could not carry out meta-analyses. The tabulated clinical outcomes based on initial cardiac rhythm and definitions of cardiac activity showed highly inconsistent results.

Conclusion
POCUS has the potential to provide valuable information on the management of cardiac arrest patients; however, it should not be used as the sole predictor for the termination of resuscitation efforts.
Severe hemothorax due to traumatic fracture of thoracic vertebra
Authors: Ozono Keigo , Son Kiwa , Momii Kenta , Morifuji Yoshihiro , Ikenaga Naoki , Nakamura Masafumi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Hemothorax occurs in approx. 0.4% of all chest injury patients, but hemothorax due to a thoracic vertebral fracture is rare.

Case presentation
A 76-year-old Japanese man was transported to our hospital for right hemothorax due to a car accident. We performed emergency hemostasis surgery and tried to stop the bleeding by several methods, but it was difficult to control the bleeding because the bleeding point was an artery branch that runs in front of the vertebral body.

Conclusion
It is important to be aware that a fractured vertebra can damage the aorta's arterial branch and follow a severe course.
Plant effects on microbiome composition are constrained by environmental conditions in a successional grassland
Authors: Mészárošová Lenka , Kuťáková Eliška , Kohout Petr , Münzbergová Zuzana , Baldrian Petr 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Below-ground microbes mediate key ecosystem processes and play a vital role in plant nutrition and health. Understanding the composition of the belowground microbiome is therefore important for maintaining ecosystem stability. The structure of the belowground microbiome is largely determined by individual plants, but it is not clear how far their influence extends and, conversely, what the influence of other plants growing nearby is.

Results
To determine the extent to which a focal host plant influences its soil and root microbiome when growing in a diverse community, we sampled the belowground bacterial and fungal communities of three plant species across a primary successional grassland sequence. The magnitude of the host effect on its belowground microbiome varied among microbial groups, soil and root habitats, and successional stages characterized by different levels of diversity of plant neighbours. Soil microbial communities were most strongly structured by sampling site and showed significant spatial patterns that were partially driven by soil chemistry. The influence of focal plant on soil microbiome was low but tended to increase with succession and increasing plant diversity. In contrast, root communities, particularly bacterial, were strongly structured by the focal plant species. Importantly, we also detected a significant effect of neighbouring plant community composition on bacteria and fungi associating with roots of the focal plants. The host influence on root microbiome varied across the successional grassland sequence and was highest in the most diverse site.

Conclusions
Our results show that in a species rich natural grassland, focal plant influence on the belowground microbiome depends on environmental context and is modulated by surrounding plant community. The influence of plant neighbours is particularly pronounced in root communities which may have multiple consequences for plant community productivity and stability, stressing the importance of plant diversity for ecosystem functioning.
Physical comorbidities in people with severe mental disorders: promises and future challenges
Authors: Sartorius N. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The comorbidity of mental and physical disorders is gradually becoming recognized as a major problem for health care. Its public health importance is vast and growing for a variety of reasons including the extension of life expectancy, the imperfection of currently available treatments of mental and many physical disorders and the tendency of fragmentation of medicine into ever more limited specialties. The problems related to comorbidity are also rapidly increasing in low- and middle-income countries where in addition to the issues mentioned above there is also a scarcity of means to deal with them.
The presentation will remind the audience of the complexity of the problems and draw attention to action that could be taken by public health authorities and the medical profession in the areas of teaching, organization of service and research.

Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
Influence of initial check, information exchange, final accuracy check, reaction information nursing on the psychology of elderly with lung cancer
Authors: Jiang Cui , Ma Jing , He Wen , Zhang Hai-Ying 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
As one of the fatal diseases with high incidence, lung cancer has seriously endangered public health and safety. Elderly patients usually have poor self-care and are more likely to show a series of psychological problems.
AIM
To investigate the effectiveness of the initial check, information exchange, final accuracy check, reaction (IIFAR) information care model on the mental health status of elderly patients with lung cancer.
METHODS
This study is a single-centre study. We randomly recruited 60 elderly patients with lung cancer who attended our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022. These elderly patients with lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups, with the control group taking the conventional propaganda and education and the observation group taking the IIFAR information care model based on the conventional care protocol. The differences in psychological distress, anxiety and depression, life quality, fatigue, and the locus of control in psychology were compared between these two groups, and the causes of psychological distress were analyzed.
RESULTS
After the intervention, Distress Thermometer, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for anxiety and the HADS for depression, Revised Piper’s Fatigue Scale, and Chance Health Locus of Control scores were lower in the observation group compared to the pre-intervention period in the same group and were significantly lower in the observation group compared to those of the control group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30), Internal Health Locus of Control, and Powerful Others Health Locus of Control scores were significantly higher in the observation and the control groups compared to the pre-intervention period in their same group, and QLQ-C30 scores were significantly higher in the observation group compared to those of the control group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The IIFAR information care model can help elderly patients with lung cancer by reducing their anxiety and depression, psychological distress, and fatigue, improving their tendencies on the locus of control in psychology, and enhancing their life qualities.
Accidental placement of venous return catheter in the superior vena cava during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe pneumonia: A case report
Authors: Song Xiao-Qin , Jiang Yun-Long , Zou Xian-Bao , Chen Shi-Chao , Qu Ai-Jun , Guo Ling-Ling 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) has become an important treatment for severe pneumonia, but there are various complications during the treatment. This article describes a case with severe pneumonia successfully treated by V-V ECMO, but during treatment, the retrovenous catheter, which was supposed to be in the right internal vein, entered the superior vena cava directly in the mediastinum. The ECMO was safely withdrawn after multidisciplinary consultation. Our experience with this case is expected to provide a reference for colleagues who will encounter similar situations.
CASE SUMMARY
A 64-year-old man had severe pulmonary infection and respiratory failure. He was admitted to our hospital and was given ventilation support (fraction of inspired oxygen 100%). The respiratory failure was not improved and he was treated by V-V ECMO, during which the venous return catheter, which was supposed to be in the right internal vein, entered the superior vena cava directly in the mediastinum. There was a risk of massive mediastinal bleeding if the catheter was removed directly when the ECMO was withdrawn. Finally, the patient underwent vena cava angiography + balloon attachment + ECMO withdrawal in the operating room (prepared for conversion to thoracotomy for vascular exploration and repair at any time during surgery) after multidisciplinary consultation. ECMO was safely withdrawn, and the patient recovered and was discharged.
CONCLUSION
Patients may have different vascular conditions. Multidisciplinary cooperation can ensure patient safety. Our experience will provide a reference for similar cases.
Gestational diabetes mellitus combined with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus, four cases of double diabetes: A case report
Authors: Li Hui , Chai Yun , Guo Wei-Hong , Huang Yu-Meng , Zhang Xiao-Na , Feng Wen-Li , He Qing , Cui Jin , Liu Ming 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM) that occurs during pregnancy or the perinatal period is known as pregnancy-related FT1DM (PF), always without history of abnormal glucose metabolism. Here, we present four patients who developed FT1DM during treatment but were first diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
CASE SUMMARY
The clinical data of four patients with GDM combined with FT1DM admitted to our hospital between July 2018 and April 2021 were collected, and the patients and their infants were followed up. All patients were diagnosed with GDM during the second trimester and were treated. The blood glucose level elevated suddenly during the third trimester and then were diagnosed with FT1DM. Two patients had an insulin allergy, and two had symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection before onset. One patient developed ketoacidosis, and three developed ketosis. Two patients had cesarean section deliveries, and two had vaginal deliveries. The growth and development of the infants were normal. C-peptide levels were lower than those at onset, suggesting progressive impairment of islet function. The frequencies of the DRB1 09:01, DQB1 03: 03, DQA1 03:02, DPA1 01:03, DPA1 02:02, DPB1 05:01, DRB4 01:03, G 01:01, and G 01:04 human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G alleles were high in the present study.
CONCLUSION
In comparison with pregnancy-associated FT1DM (PF), patients with GDM combined with FT1DM had an older age of onset, higher body mass index, slower onset, fewer prodromal symptoms, and less acidosis. The pathogenesis may be due to various factors affecting the already fragile β-cells of GDM patients with genetically susceptible class II HLA genotypes. We speculate that GDM combined with FT1DM during pregnancy, referred to as “double diabetes,” is a subtype of PF with its own unique characteristics that should be investigated further.