bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative genomic prediction of resistance to Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum race 2) in watermelon: parametric and nonparametric approaches
Authors: Biswas Anju , Wechter Pat , Ganaparthi Venkat , Jarquin Diego , Kousik Shaker , Branham Sandra , Levi Amnon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Complex traits influenced by multiple genes pose challenges for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding. Genomic selection (GS) is a promising strategy for achieving higher genetic gains in quantitative traits by stacking favorable alleles into elite cultivars. Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) race 2 in watermelon is a polygenic trait with moderate heritability. This study evaluated GS as an additional approach to quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis/marker-assisted selection (MAS) for enhancing Fon race 2 resistance in elite watermelon cultivars. Objectives were to: (1) assess the accuracy of genomic prediction (GP) models for predicting Fon race 2 resistance in a F2:3 versus a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, (2) rank and select families in each population based on genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) for developing testing populations, and (3) determined how many of the most superior families based on GEBV also have all QTL associated with Fon race 2 resistance. GBS-SNP data from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) for two populations were used, and parental line genome sequences were used as references. The GBLUP and random forest outperformed the other three parametric (GBLUP, Bayes B, Bayes LASSO) and three nonparametric AI (random forest, SVM linear, and SVM radial) models, with correlations of 0.48 and 0.68 in the F2:3 and RIL population, respectively. Selection intensities (SI) of 10%, 20%, and 30% showed that superior families with highest GEBV can also comprise all QTL associated with Fon race 2 resistance, highlighting GP efficacy in improving elite watermelon cultivars with polygenic traits of disease resistance.
An experimental approach for dimensional tolerance analysis using 3D printed parts
Authors: Armillotta Antonio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In 2D or 3D tolerance analysis, a dimension chain involves a complex propagation of random deviations from individual parts to the controlled assembly requirement. This can be calculated by setting up complex mathematical models, possibly with the help of CAD-based software tools. The paper studies the feasibility of an alternative approach, which uses measurements on assemblies of 3D printed parts to estimate the coefficients of a linearized error propagation model. The analysis is structured as a designed experiment, where each dimension is varied in two levels resulting in two different printed parts. The experimental plan consists of building assemblies from selected combinations of parts and measuring the assembly dimension on each combination. Among the possible designs of the plan, the paper compares two methods based on finite differences and least squares. The comparison includes both simulations with randomly generated dimension chains and physical tests on simple cases. The results show that a least squares plan allows a significant improvement in the accuracy on the estimation of model coefficients compared to a finite difference plan, with just a marginally higher number of assembly combinations. However, dimensional and geometric deviations in the 3D printing process are shown to play a critical role, and criteria are suggested to reduce or compensate them.
Minimality of Vortex Solutions to Ginzburg–Landau Type Systems for Gradient Fields in the Unit Ball in Dimension $$N\ge 4$$
Authors: Ignat Radu , Nahon Mickael , Nguyen Luc 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We prove that the degree-one vortex solution is the unique minimizer for the Ginzburg–Landau functional for gradient fields (that is, the Aviles–Giga model) in the unit ball

$$B^N$$

B
N

in dimension

$$N \ge 4$$

N
≥
4

and with respect to its boundary value. A similar result is also prove in a model for

$$\mathbb {S}^N$$

S

N

-valued maps arising in the theory of micromagnetics. Two methods are presented. The first method is an extension of the analogous technique previously used to treat the unconstrained Ginzburg–Landau functional in dimension

$$N \ge 7$$

N
≥
7

. The second method uses a symmetrization procedure for gradient fields such that the

$$L^2$$

L
2

-norm is invariant while the

$$L^p$$

L
p

-norm with

$$2< p < \infty $$

2
<
p
<
∞

and the

$$H^1$$

H
1

-norm are lowered.
Influence of parkinson’s disease on complications and revisions in total hip and knee arthroplasty: insights from a matched pair analysis
Authors: Holzapfel Dominik Emanuel , Kappenschneider Tobias , Schuster Marie Farina , Pagano Stefano , Azar Fady , Holzapfel Sabrina , Meyer Matthias 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The outcome of elective total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is controversial due to the concomitant risk profile. This study investigated postoperative complications and revision rates following total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with PD.

Methods
Ninety-six patients with PD undergoing THA or TKA were matched 1:1 with non-PD patients using propensity score matching for age, sex and comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity index, CCI). Rates of revisions, medical and surgical complications were compared. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were calculated.

Results
PD patients exhibited higher rates of revision-surgeries within 90 days (13.5% vs. 5.2%; p = 0.048), medical complications (68.8% vs. 43.8%; p < 0.001) and surgical complications (40.6% vs. 21.9%; p = 0.005). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed PD as a significant risk factor for complications and long-term revision-surgeries.

Conclusion
PD increases the risk of adverse outcomes following THA and TKA. Improvements in pre-operative planning and post-operative care are critical to the improvement of outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Does physical activity level and total energy expenditure relate to food intake, appetite, and body composition in healthy older adults? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dericioglu Dilara , Methven Lisa , Clegg Miriam E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
With ageing, older adults (≥ 65 years) may experience decreased appetite, contributing to declines in body weight and muscle mass, potentially affecting physical capabilities. Physical activity (PA) has been suggested as a potential strategy to enhance appetite in older adults, but evidence supporting this is insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PA levels, total energy expenditure (TEE), body composition, energy intake (EI) and appetite in older adults.

Methods
One hundred and eight healthy older adults (age 70 ± 4 years; BMI 24.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2) were categorised into three groups (low, medium, high) based on accelerometer-measured PA level (AMPA) and TEE from 7-day PA diaries. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Energy and nutrient intakes were assessed using 3-day weighed food diaries. Appetite was assessed using the visual analogue scales at 30-min intervals throughout 1 day.

Results
TEE was positively correlated with EI and % muscle mass (p < 0.05), with higher % muscle mass and TEE associated with higher EI. Energy and protein intake were significantly higher in the high TEE group than the low group (p = 0.03, p = 0.01; respectively). No significant differences in energy and macronutrient intake were observed across AMPA groups, and appetite components (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective consumption) did not differ significantly in either the AMPA or TEE groups.

Conclusions
Higher TEE is associated with higher energy and protein intake, with body composition playing a crucial role. These findings highlight the importance of considering PA, TEE, and body composition in interventions aimed at improving EI in older adults.

Clinical Trail registration: clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05067036. Registered 2 October 2021, https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05067036
Bovine dairy products and flow mediated dilation (FMD): a systematic review of the published evidence
Authors: Rooney Martina , Lambe Joyce , O’Connor Aileen , Dunne Simone , Mills Andrea , Feeney Emma L. , Gibney Eileen R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Evidence suggests bovine dairy products may have neutral or beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health, despite being a source of saturated fat. The dairy matrix, the structure and combination of protein, fat, and other nutrients, and how they interact with each other, is purported to be responsible for these beneficial health effects. Whether this relationship extends to endothelial function, as assessed by flow mediated dilation (FMD), remains to be elucidated.

Methods
Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central) were searched from inception until 5th September 2024. This review included randomised controlled trials (RCT) investigating any bovine dairy intervention which considered endothelial function using FMD in humans with a non-dairy or alternative dairy control.

Results
Of 4,220 records identified, 18 reports from 11 RCT including 508 (53.3% male) participants, examined endothelial function by FMD and were eligible for evidence synthesis. Eight papers reported an improvement, nine reported no effect and one reported a decrease in FMD. The greatest effects were found in those with impaired health at baseline, with whey protein and high dairy intakes observed to be most beneficial.

Conclusion
Bovine dairy intake has neutral or beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health. This review demonstrates that this relationship extends to endothelial function as assessed by FMD. Whey protein and high dairy intakes may be most effective, although further high quality RCT in this area are warranted.
Depression, anxiety and stress in taxi drivers: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Marín-Berges Marta , Villa-Berges Enrique , Lizana Pablo A. , Gómez-Bruton Alejandro , Iguacel Isabel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Mental health is a global public health challenge, with mental disorders being a major cause of morbidity. Particularly, taxi drivers face unique challenges related to long working hours, economic instability, and hazardous working conditions. To summarise the existing scientific literature on mental disorders in taxi drivers and identify associated variables.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were examined from inception to April 2024 following the PRISMA guidelines. Two authors independently selected original studies. We included observational studies published in English or Spanish or Portuguese, which assessed the mental health of taxi drivers. The Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHBLI) was used to assess the quality of the articles.

Results
From an initial pool of 618 studies, eleven met the inclusion criteria and were included in the present systematic review. The findings indicate a considerable prevalence of mental health issues among taxi drivers in comparison to the general population. The prevalence of depression ranged from 14.3 to 60.5% and were driven by a number of factors, including perceived mental strain, lack of respect from operators, a stressful personal life, insufficient sleep, poor working conditions, work-family conflict and low work engagement. Anxiety was reported by 24.1–47% of drivers, with a lack of sufficient sleep being identified as a primary contributing factor. The prevalence of stress ranged from 19 to 55%, with key contributing factors including discrimination, smoking, limited language proficiency, sleep disorders and younger age. Furthermore, 33% of drivers displayed elevated levels of psychological distress, frequently linked to traumatic experiences and occupational hazards.

Conclusions
Rates of depression, anxiety, stress and psychological distress are higher in taxi drivers than in general population, therefore prevention strategies should target this group.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023360073.
Study of shallow-water effects on ship maneuverability using free-running model tests
Authors: Okuda R. , Yasukawa H. , Sano M. , Matsuda A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, we conducted turning tests with rudder angles

$$\pm 35^\circ$$

±

35
∘

and

$$\pm 20^\circ /20^\circ$$

±

20
∘

/

20
∘

zig-zag maneuver tests in deep and shallow water using a model of a 3,600 TEU container ship called KCS. Through the comparison of these test results with the free-running test results of three other ships, the shallow-water effect on the maneuverability was investigated. The shallow-water effects obtained during the turning and zig-zag maneuvers are as follows: Turning: The advance (

$$A_D$$

A
D

) decreases slightly when the water depth-to-ship draft ratio (h/d) is approximately 2.0 and increases significantly as the water depth decreases. The tactical diameter (

$$D_T$$

D
T

) (up to

$$h/d = 2.0$$

h
/
d
=
2.0

) is approximately the same as that in deep water and becomes significantly larger when h/d becomes smaller than 2.0. Thus, there is a slight difference in the appearance of the shallow-water effects in

$$A_D$$

A
D

and

$$D_T$$

D
T

. Zig-zag maneuvers: The overshoot angle increases slightly near

$$h/d = 2.0$$

h
/
d
=
2.0

compared with that in deep water and becomes significantly smaller as the water depth becomes shallower. The forward distance (

$$l_{20}$$

l
20

), until reaching the heading

$$+20^\circ /-20^\circ$$

+

20
∘

/
-

20
∘

after steering, was approximately the same as that in deep water or decreased slightly, until approximately

$$h/d = 2.0$$

h
/
d
=
2.0

. Furthermore, it increased as the water depth decreased. This is because the course stability of the ship deteriorated at approximately

$$h/d = 2.0$$

h
/
d
=
2.0

.
Impacts of amino acid-linked platinum(II) complexes on DNA structure
Authors: Shrestha Deepak , Kimutai Bett , Chow Christine S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The discovery of cisplatin (cisPt) as an effective anticancer agent was a milestone in the health industry. Despite its success, undesired side effects and acquired resistance still limit the therapeutic usefulness of cisPt. Intrastrand adduct formation at consecutive purines and structural modifications of DNA caused by platinum(II) complexes are important factors for antitumor efficacy. In this study, we examined amino acid-linked platinum(II) complexes, collectively referred to as AAPt, for antiproliferative activity and ability to induce DNA bending. The antiproliferative activity of one AAPt complex tested against a prostate cancer cell line was comparable to that of cisPt, whereas only activity of the AAPt complex was lower in a normal human prostate cell line. Various AAPt analogues were examined for impact on the structures of DNAs with four different purine dinucleotide target sites (GG, AG, GA, and AA) and compared to the parent cisPt. The roles of side-chain identity, chirality, and coordination type (e.g., (N,O) vs. (N,N)) of AAPt complexes are discussed with respect to DNA adduct formation and ability to induce DNA bending. Although the AAPt complexes display different nucleotide preferences (A for AAPt vs. G for cisPt), DNAs containing GG-platinum adducts display a greater degree of bending compared to DNAs with AA-platinum adducts.

Graphical abstract
Partial regularity for minima of higher-order quasiconvex integrands with natural Orlicz growth
Authors: Irving Christopher 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A partial regularity theorem is presented for minimisers of

$$k^{\textrm{th}}$$

k
th

-order functionals subject to a quasiconvexity and general growth condition. We will assume a natural growth condition governed by an N-function satisfying the

$$\Delta _2$$

Δ
2

and

$$\nabla _2$$

∇
2

conditions, assuming no quantitative estimates on the second derivative of the integrand; this is new even in the

$$k=1$$

k
=
1

case. These results will also be extended to the case of strong local minimisers.
Macroinvertebrate colonisation of macroplastic litter in minimally disturbed river sites, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Ali Andrew A. , Akamagwuna Frank C. , Nnadozie Chika F. , Odume Oghenekaro N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Macroplastic pollution remains a growing global environmental concern, and our understanding of its interaction with aquatic organisms is underdeveloped. It is also less clear how hydraulic biotopes influence macroinvertebrates colonisation of macroplastic relative to natural substrates. We investigated temporal and spatial patterns of macroinvertebrate colonisation on macroplastic litters in contrasting stream hydraulic biotopes (riffle, pool, and run) in minimally impacted headwater streams of Eastern Cape, South Africa. Plastic substrates of different proportions of natural and plastic litter were deployed across four sites. The Substrate group included 100% natural substrates (NS), 50% natural material and 50% plastic litters (NP), and 100% plastic (PD) litters. Each substrate group was deployed in riffle, pool, and run habitats for six months at each site. Across hydraulic biotopes, macroinvertebrate colonised substrate groups equally (PERMANOVA, p > 0.05). Macroinvertebrate diversity indices were statistically different across substrate groups in pools but not in other hydraulic habitats (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05). We observed that NS had significantly higher macroinvertebrate Margalef’s richness, Shannon, and Simpson diversity values than macroplastic substrates in pools. This difference suggests that specific-hydraulic biotope characteristics, such as sediment accretion and stream discharge, influence macroinvertebrate diversities. However, the dominant taxa had a marked presence in all substrate groups within hydraulic biotopes throughout the study, resulting in temporal variance that was not significant. Our findings highlight the importance of hydraulic biotope influence on macroinvertebrate colonisation of macroplastic substrates. It also provides a baseline for further research involving riverine macroplastic pollution.
Distribution and population structure of introduced rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in Cyprus
Authors: Spairani Michele , Boz Bruno , Papatheodoulou Athina , Polazzo Anna , Tziortzis Iakovos , Dörflinger Gerald , Oggioni Alessandra , Tremolada Paolo , Iacovides Ayis , Balestrieri Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss has been widely introduced throughout Europe, self-sustaining populations are rare and unevenly distributed. In Cyprus, this invasive salmonid was introduced for recreational fishing at the end of the nineteenth century. To test whether rainbow trout have established in some water catchments of the island, between September 2020 and September 2022 we assessed the species’ distribution and analysed the age structure (by Bhattacharya’s method) and weight-length relationship of its major populations. The rainbow trout was recorded in 17 out of 86 sampling sites (19.7%), belonging to nine rivers and five catchments. Well-structured populations (N of cohorts ≥ 4) occurred in the River Kryos, where water temperatures were suitable for reproduction. Only a few individuals older than 4 years were sampled. Overall, both environmental conditions and population parameters suggest that the rainbow trout may self-sustain at least in the central, mountainous part of the island (rivers Kryos and Limnatis), where it occasionally coexists only with other introduced species. Nonetheless, its impact on native freshwater communities needs to be carefully assessed.
New Zealand Myrtaceae are susceptible to a strain from the Eucalyptus biotype of Austropuccinia psidii present in South America
Authors: Soewarto Julia , Pérez Carlos , Bartlett Michael , Somchit Chanatda , Ganley Beccy , Sutherland Roanne , Simeto Sofía , Stewart Jane E. , Ibarra Caballero Jorge R. , Fraser Stuart , Scott Peter M. , Nadarajan Jayanthi , Waipara Nick , Marsh Alby , Ryan Julie , Miller Elizabeth , Smith Grant R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The international spread of the myrtle rust pathogen, Austropuccinia psidii, can be largely attributed to the “pandemic” biotype that has more than 450 host species. However, within South America, the putative native range of A. psidii, multiple biotypes have been characterised, each with a restricted known number of hosts. These biotypes may pose a significant biosecurity threat to countries already affected by the pandemic biotype. Here, we report the susceptibility of four species of Myrtaceae from New Zealand, pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa), mānuka (Leptospermum scoparium), kānuka (Kunzea ericoides), and rawiri mānuka (Kunzea ericoides ‘gumland ecotype’), to a strain of the Eucalyptus biotype of A. psidii. Symptoms and signs developed on inoculated plants of all species. Qualitative resistance phenotypes, with no disease development, were observed for all four species. However, no hypersensitive responses were observed. As seen for other biotypes, pōhutukawa had the greatest susceptibility, while kānuka had the lowest. These findings are consistent with prior work, showing that the Eucalyptus biotype can infect a broader range of species than its field host association implies. As well as uredinia (asexual spores), telia (sexual spores) developed on several plants, indicating that these species could provide a universal host for sexual reproduction and outcrossing between biotypes. Knowledge that the Eucalyptus biotype of A. psidii is virulent on several indigenous New Zealand Myrtaceae will inform future biosecurity risk assessments. These findings highlight the need to develop diagnostics tools to differentiate between biotypes and allow rapid responses to potential future incursions.
Anodized Ti6Al4V-ELI, electroplated with copper is bactericidal against Staphylococcus aureus and enhances macrophage phagocytosis
Authors: Giraldo-Osorno Paula Milena , Turner Adam Benedict , Barros Sebastião Mollet , Büscher Robin , Guttau Simone , Asa’ad Farah , Trobos Margarita , Palmquist Anders 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Implants aim to restore skeletal dysfunction associated with ageing and trauma, yet infection and ineffective immune responses can lead to failure. This project characterized the microbiological and host cell responses to titanium alloy with or without electroplated metallic copper. Bacterial viability counting and scanning electron microscopy quantified and visualized the direct and indirect bactericidal effects of the Cu-electroplated titanium (Cu-Ep-Ti) against two different Staphylococcus aureus strains. Human THP-1 macrophage adhesion and viability was analyzed, along with phagocytosis. Results showed potent antimicrobial activity alongside promising host-immunomodulatory properties. Direct and indirect exposure to Cu-Ep-Ti produced potent bactericidal effects resulting in 94–100% reductions in bacterial viability at 24 h, with complete eradication in some cases. As expected, cytotoxicity was observed in THP-1 macrophages without media exchange, though when media was exchanged at 8, 24 and 48 h cell viability was equivalent to Control-Ti. Interestingly macrophages adhered to the copper material or grown in the presence of copper ions showed 7-fold increase in phagocytosis of S. aureus bioparticles compared to Control-Ti, suggesting a dual bactericidal and host immunomodulatory mechanism. In conclusion, this Cu-electroplated Ti biomaterial can limit bacterial contamination on the implant surface, whilst simultaneously promoting a beneficial antimicrobial immune response.

Graphical Abstract