bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
pH/chitinase dual stimuli‐responsive essential oil‐delivery system based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles for control of rice blast
Authors: Ding Yi , Yuan Jun , Wu Shuai , Hu Ke , Ma Yue , Gao Yunhao , Li Ming , Li Rongyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDOwing to their surface modifiability, smart mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) can be designed to respond to plant disease‐microenvironmental stimuli, thereby achieving on‐demand release of active ingredients to control disease by effectively improving citral (CT) stability.RESULTSA pH/chitinase dual stimuli‐responsive essential oil‐delivery system (CT@HMS@CH/TA) was successfully fabricated by encapsulating CT in hollow mesoporous silica (HMS), and coating with tannic acid (TA) and chitosan (CH) within HMS by using the layer‐by‐layer assembly technique (LbL). CT@HMS@CH/TA with an average particle size of 125.12 ± 0.12 nm and a hollow mesoporous nanostructure showed high CT‐loading efficiency (16.58% ± 0.17%). The photodegradation rate of CT@HMS@CH/TA under UV irradiation (48 h) was only 15.31%, indicating a 3.34‐fold UV stability improvement. CT@HMS@CH/TA exhibited a higher CT release rate in response to acidic pH and the presence of chitinase, simulating the prevailing conditions as Magnaporthe oryzae infection. Furthermore, CT@HMS@CH/TA exhibited better adhesion without affecting normal rice growth, significantly upregulating chitinase gene expression and enhancing chitinase activity on M. oryzae, thus enhancing CT antifungal activity.CONCLUSIONCT@HMS@CH/TA improved CT stability and showed intelligent, controlled release‐performance and higher antifungal efficacy, thus providing a new strategy for efficient application of essential oils for green control of rice blast disease. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The collembolan Heteromurus nitidus grazes the wheat fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici on infected tissues: opportunities and limitations for bioregulation
Authors: Bourgeois Thomas P. , Prado Soizic , Suffert Frédéric , Salmon Sandrine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSeptoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is a foliar disease affecting wheat crops against which conventional control methods are not totally effective. During inter‐epidemic periods the fungus survives in wheat residues left on the ground. In this study, we tested the potential of the collembolan Heteromurus nitidus – a springtail species present in field soils and known to interact with different fungal species – as a potential bioregulation agent of Z. tritici on wheat residues through a choice and consumption experiment.RESULTSSpringtails preferred inoculated fresh residues but did not have a preference between inoculated and uninoculated old residues. Springtails grazed on Z. tritici fruiting bodies and reduced pycnidiospore numbers by ten‐fold compared to control inoculated fresh residues. Attraction toward fresh inoculated residues and pycnidiospore reduction support the hypothesis that Z. tritici is a food source for springtails. Heteromurus nitidus showed no preference between inoculated and uninoculated 18‐month‐old residues, probably because they no longer produced ascospores.CONCLUSIONAttraction towards fresh residues and spore reduction support our hypothesis that H. nitidus may contribute to the bioregulation of Z. tritici. Perspectives for field application would be determined by the ability of H. nitidus and Z. tritici to interact at key epidemiological stages. The impact of H. nitidus on the quantity of pathogen primary inoculum over time should be estimated using residues of intermediate age. This would help to identify the optimal period for enhancing the effectiveness of springtails as consumers of Z. tritici. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Rationally Designed Functionalization of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Real‐Time Monitoring of Cholinesterase Activity and Inhibition in Plasma
Authors: Basu Srestha , Hendler‐Neumark Adi , Bisker Gili 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEnzymes play a pivotal role in regulating numerous bodily functions. Thus, there is a growing need for developing sensors enabling real‐time monitoring of enzymatic activity and inhibition. The activity and inhibition of cholinesterase (CHE) enzymes in blood plasma are fluorometrically monitored using near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as probes, strategically functionalized with myristoylcholine (MC)– the substrate of CHE. A significant decrease in the fluorescence intensity of MC‐suspended SWCNTs upon interaction with CHE is observed, attributed to the hydrolysis of the MC corona phase of the SWCNTs by CHE. Complementary measurements for quantifying choline, the product of MC hydrolysis, reveal a correlation between the fluorescence intensity decrease and the amount of released choline, rendering the SWCNTs optical sensors with real‐time feedback in the NIR biologically transparent spectral range. Moreover, when synthetic and naturally abundant inhibitors inhibit the CHE enzymes present in blood plasma, no significant modulations of the MC‐SWCNT fluorescence are observed, allowing effective detection of CHE inhibition. The rationally designed SWCNT sensors platform for monitoring of enzymatic activity and inhibition in clinically relevant samples is envisioned to not only advance the field of clinical diagnostics but also deepen further understanding of enzyme‐related processes in complex biological fluids.
Flat holography and celestial shockwaves
Authors: Hao Zezhuang , Taylor Marika 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper we systematically develop the flat/CFT holographic dictionary, building on AdS/CFT holography. After analysing the behaviour of scalar field modes on hyperbolic slices of Minkowski and performing the holographic renormalisation for the associated onshell action, we obtain a holography dictionary between the bulk theory and the corresponding dual theory on the celestial sphere. We propose that a single scalar field in the bulk is dual to two series of operators on the celestial sphere; the scaling dimension of these operators takes values on the principal series. The real time features of the bulk theory, such as the dynamical and the casual structure, are encoded in the construction of correlation functions on the boundary via the coefficients of the bulk modes. Moreover, we will see that the two series of operators can be interpreted as ingoing and outgoing waves in the bulk. We illustrate our dictionary with the example of a single shock wave. Our results lay foundations for further computation within the flat/celestial CFT correspondence.
Constraints on subleading interactions in beta decay Lagrangian
Authors: Falkowski Adam , González-Alonso Martín , Palavrić Ajdin , Rodríguez-Sánchez Antonio 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We discuss the effective field theory (EFT) for nuclear beta decay. The general quark-level EFT describing charged-current interactions between quarks and leptons is matched to the nucleon-level non-relativistic EFT at the $$ \mathcal{O}\left(\textrm{MeV}\right) $$
O

MeV

momentum scale characteristic for beta transitions. The matching takes into account, for the first time, the effect of all possible beyond-the-Standard-Model interactions at the subleading order in the recoil momentum. We calculate the impact of all the Wilson coefficients of the leading and subleading EFT Lagrangian on the differential decay width in allowed beta transitions. As an example application, we show how the existing experimental data constrain the subleading Wilson coefficients corresponding to pseudoscalar, weak magnetism, and induced tensor interactions. The data display a 3.5 sigma evidence for nucleon weak magnetism, in agreement with the theory prediction based on isospin symmetry.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking from an on-shell perspective
Authors: Bachu Brad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We show how the well known patterns of masses and interactions that arise from spontaneous symmetry breaking can be determined from an entirely on-shell perspective, that is, without reference to Lagrangians, gauge symmetries, or fields acquiring a vacuum expectation value. To do this, we review how consistent factorization of 2 → 2 tree level scattering can lead to the familiar structures of Yang-Mills theories, and extend this to find structures of Yukawa theories. Considering only spins-0, 1/2 and 1 particles, we construct all the allowed on-shell UV amplitudes under a symmetry group G, and consider all the possible IR amplitudes. By demanding that on-shell IR amplitudes match onto on-shell UV amplitudes in the high energy limit, we reproduce the Higgs mechanism and generate masses for spins-1/2 and 1, find that there is a subgroup H ⊆ G in the IR, and other interesting relations. To highlight the results, we show the breaking pattern of the Standard Model U(1)EM ⊂ SU(2)L × U(1)Y, along with the generation of the masses and interactions of the particles.
The planar limit of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 E-theory: numerical calculations and the large λ expansion
Authors: Bobev Nikolay , De Smet Pieter-Jan , Zhang Xuao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study correlation functions of local operators and Wilson loop expectation values in the planar limit of a 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal SU(N) YM theory with hypermultiplets in the symmetric and antisymmetric representations of the gauge group. This so called E theory is closely related to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM and has a holographic description in terms of a ℤ2 orientifold of AdS5 × S5. Using recent matrix model results based on supersymmetric localization we develop efficient numerical methods to calculate two- and three-point functions of certain single trace operators as well as 1/2-BPS Wilson loop expectation values as a function of the ’t Hooft coupling λ. We use our numerical results to arrive at simple analytic expressions for these correlators valid up to sixth order in the λ−1/2 strong coupling expansion. These results provide explicit field theory predictions for the α′ corrections to the supergravity approximation of type IIB string theory on the AdS5 × S5/ℤ2 orientifold.
Spectral Asymptotic Properties of Semiregular Non-commutative Harmonic Oscillators
Authors: Malagutti Marcello , Parmeggiani Alberto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study here the spectral Weyl asymptotics for a semiregular system, extending to the vector-valued case results of Helffer and Robert, and more recently of Doll, Gannot and Wunsch. The class of systems considered here contains the important example of the Jaynes–Cummings system that describes light-matter interaction.
Psychedelika-assistierte Psychotherapie
Authors: Aicher H. D. , Schmid Y. , Gasser P. 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungSeit den späten 1990er-Jahren erfahren Psychedelika eine Renaissance und ziehen international vermehrt die Aufmerksamkeit auf sich. Es gibt zunehmend wissenschaftliche Studien, die sich mit den Möglichkeiten und Risiken der Psychedelika-assistierten Therapie (PAT) befassen. Seit 2014 werden auf der Grundlage von Ausnahmebewilligungen der Schweizer Gesundheitsbehörde (Bundesamt für Gesundheit, BAG) im Rahmen der beschränkten medizinischen Anwendung im Einzelfall Lysergsäurediethylamid (LSD), 3,4-Methylendioxy-N-methylamphetamin (MDMA) und Psilocybin therapeutisch angewendet. Auf Basis dieser gesetzlich verankerten Ausnahmemöglichkeit wurden in den letzten 9 Jahren über 1000 Ausnahmebewilligungen an etwa 60 Therapeut*innen erteilt und schätzungsweise 2000 bis 3000 Behandlungen mit Psychedelika durchgeführt. Dieser Beitrag soll einen Einblick in die aktuelle Behandlungspraxis der PAT in der Schweiz bieten. Antragsverfahren, Indikation, Überlegungen zur transdiagnostischen Perspektive sowie die Gestaltung des Behandlungsrahmens und Settings – etwa die Phasen einer PAT, die psychotherapeutische Einbettung oder die Wahl für ein Einzel- oder Gruppensetting – werden diskutiert. Die Integration von PAT in die Psychotherapie könnte neue Möglichkeiten für die Behandlung psychischer Störungen eröffnen. Die Erfahrung in der Schweiz kann Impulse für die internationale Praxis der PAT setzen. Gleichzeitig befindet sich auch die Situation in der Schweiz in ständiger Weiterentwicklung. Durch das zunehmende Interesse an der PAT entstehen neue Herausforderungen. Auch die Weiterbildung der Therapeut*innen wird in diesem Zusammenhang thematisiert. Von zentraler Relevanz sind ethische Standards und Maßnahmen für die Qualitätssicherung, etwa durch kollegialen Austausch und Vernetzung in Intervision, Supervision und Teilnahme an Fortbildungsveranstaltungen, aber auch systematische Erfassungen der PAT mithilfe von Fragebogen oder Patientenregister.
Neuro-Symbolic Reasoning for Multimodal Referring Expression Comprehension in HMI Systems
Authors: Jain Aman , Kondapally Anirudh Reddy , Yamada Kentaro , Yanaka Hitomi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConventional Human–Machine Interaction (HMI) interfaces have predominantly relied on GUI and voice commands. However, natural human communication also consists of non-verbal communication, including hand gestures like pointing. Thus, recent works in HMI systems have tried to incorporate pointing gestures as an input, making significant progress in recognizing and integrating them with voice commands. However, existing approaches often treat these input modalities independently, limiting their capacity to handle complex multimodal instructions requiring intricate reasoning of language and gestures. On the other hand, multimodal tasks requiring complex reasoning are being challenged in the language and vision domain, but these typically do not include gestures like pointing. To bridge this gap, we explore one of the challenging multimodal tasks, called Referring Expression Comprehension (REC), within multimodal HMI systems incorporating pointing gestures. We present a virtual setup in which a robot shares an environment with a user and is tasked with identifying objects based on the user’s language and gestural instructions. Furthermore, to address this challenge, we propose a hybrid neuro-symbolic model combining deep learning’s versatility with symbolic reasoning’s interpretability. Our contributions include a challenging multimodal REC dataset for HMI systems, an interpretable neuro-symbolic model, and an assessment of its ability to generalize the reasoning to unseen environments, complemented by an in-depth qualitative analysis of the model’s inner workings.
On the quasilinear Schrödinger equations on tori
Authors: Iandoli Felice 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe improve the result by Feola and Iandoli (J Math Pures Appl 157:243–281, 2022), showing that quasilinear Hamiltonian Schrödinger type equations are well posed on $$H^s({{\mathbb {T}}}^d)$$

H
s

(

T

d

)

if $$s>d/2+3$$

s
>
d
/
2
+
3

. We exploit the sharp paradifferential calculus on $${{\mathbb {T}}}^d$$

T

d

developed by Berti et al. (J Dyn Differ Equ 33(3):1475–1513, 2021).
Building Common Ground: How Facilitators Bridge Between Diverging Groups in Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue
Authors: Grimm Julia , Ruehle Rebecca C. , Reinecke Juliane 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe effectiveness of multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) in tackling grand social and environmental challenges depends on productive dialogue among diverse parties. Facilitating such dialogue in turn entails building common ground in form of joint knowledge, beliefs, and suppositions. To explore how such common ground can be built, we study the role of different facilitators and their strategies for bridging the perspectives of competing stakeholder groups in two contrasting MSIs. The German Partnership for Sustainable Textiles was launched in an initially hostile communicative environment, whereas the Fossil Free Sweden Initiative proceeded in a fertile communicative environment. We trace how the facilitators in these initiatives achieved common ground through three bridging strategies—communicative integration, temporal calibration, and process alignment—adapted to the communicative environments of these MSIs. In hostile communicative environments, facilitators achieve common ground by steering diverging stakeholder groups towards ‘reconciling’ their different language registers, knowledge bases, and meaning systems to ‘meet in the middle’ on points of agreement and shared interests. In fertile communicative environments characterised by greater mutual trust, facilitators can steer interactants to ‘strategically appropriate’ to the language, knowledge, and meaning system of a particular stakeholder group to win this group’s support. Our analysis contributes to a better understanding of how productive multi-stakeholder dialogue can be facilitated.
Cutting edge preparation of micro end mills by PVD-etching technology
Authors: Jäckel Christoph Paul , Meijer Alexander Leonard , Stangier Dominic , Lopes Dias Nelson Filipe , Tillmann Wolfgang , Biermann Dirk 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicromilling tools face significant challenges in achieving cutting edge preparation by mechanical processes due to their small size. To address these limitations, a new approach for cutting edge preparation of micro end mills by physical vapor deposition (PVD) etching technology is presented. By adapting the etching strategy, which is conventionally used as pre-treatment process for PVD technology to clean and condition the surface of cemented carbide substrate, cutting edges of micromilling tools were successfully modified. The high-energy process variation by Advanced Arc-Enhanced Glow Discharge (AEGD) offers the possibility of achieving high material removal rates on the tool surfaces and thereby altering the cutting edge geometry. Fundamental investigations on material removal as well as on the effects on surface topography, sub-surface properties, and coating adhesion of a subsequently applied PVD coating are performed. To influence the topography and the cutting edge geometry, the preparation time tp and bias voltage UB were selected. Subsequently, the machining performance of the modified tools is evaluated in a micromilling process of the hardened powder-metallurgical high-speed steel AISI M3:2 with a hardness of 62 ± 1 HRC. For this purpose, micro end mills of cemented carbide with a diameter of D = 1 mm were conditioned, achieving asymmetric geometric properties of cutting edges with varying average cutting edges rounding of $${\overline S}$$

S
¯

= 5.8 … 14.8 µm and a form-factor of K = 2.0 … 2.7. Based on the application tests a positive influence on the process forces was found. Thus, an efficient approach to cutting edge preparation can be identified by specifically designing ion etching in the PVD coating process.
Development of Machine Learning Models for Studying the Premixed Turbulent Combustion of Gas-To-Liquids (GTL) Fuel Blends
Authors: Sadeq Abdellatif M. , Moghaddam Amin Hedayati , Sleiti Ahmad K. , Ahmed Samer F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStudying the spatial and temporal evolution in turbulent flames represents one of the most challenging problems in the combustion community. Based on previous 3D numerical analyses, this study aims to develop data-driven machine learning (ML) models for predicting the flame radius evolution and turbulent flame speeds for diesel, gas-to-liquids (GTL), and their 50/50 blend (by volumetric composition) under different thermodynamic and turbulence operating conditions. Two ML models were developed in this study. Model 1 predicts the variations of the flame radius with time, equivalence ratio, and turbulence intensity, whereas model 2 predicts the variations of the turbulence flame speed with the operating parameters. The k-fold cross-validation technique is used for model training, and the developed neural network-based model is used to investigate the effects of operating parameters on the premixed turbulent flames. In addition, the possible minimum and maximum values of responses at the corresponding operating parameters are found using a genetic algorithm (GA) approach. Model 1 could capture the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) outputs with high precision at different flame radiuses and time instants with a maximum absolute error percentage of 5.46%. For model 2, the maximum absolute error percentage was 6.58%. Overall, this study demonstrates the applicability and promising performance of the proposed ML models, which will be used in subsequent research to analyze turbulent flames a posteriori.
Interfacial Tissue Regeneration with Bone
Authors: Steltzer Stephanie S. , Abraham Adam C. , Killian Megan L. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Interfacial tissue exists throughout the body at cartilage-to-bone (osteochondral interface) and tendon-to-bone (enthesis) interfaces. Healing of interfacial tissues is a current challenge in regenerative approaches because the interface plays a critical role in stabilizing and distributing the mechanical stress between soft tissues (e.g., cartilage and tendon) and bone. The purpose of this review is to identify new directions in the field of interfacial tissue development and physiology that can guide future regenerative strategies for improving post-injury healing.

Recent Findings
Cues from interfacial tissue development may guide regeneration including biological cues such as cell phenotype and growth factor signaling; structural cues such as extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, ECM, and cell alignment; and mechanical cues such as compression, tension, shear, and the stiffness of the cellular microenvironment.

Summary
In this review, we explore new discoveries in the field of interfacial biology related to ECM remodeling, cellular metabolism, and fate. Based on emergent findings across multiple disciplines, we lay out a framework for future innovations in the design of engineered strategies for interface regeneration. Many of the key mechanisms essential for interfacial tissue development and adaptation have high potential for improving outcomes in the clinic.