bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tilted Circumbinary Planetary Systems as Efficient Progenitors of Free-floating Planets
Authors: Chen Cheng , Martin Rebecca G. , Lubow Stephen H. , Nixon C. J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The dominant mechanism for generating free-floating planets has so far remained elusive. One suggested mechanism is that planets are ejected from planetary systems due to planet–planet interactions. Instability around a single star requires a very compactly spaced planetary system. We find that around binary star systems instability can occur even with widely separated planets that are on tilted orbits relative to the binary orbit due to combined effects of planet–binary and planet–planet interactions, especially if the binary is on an eccentric orbit. We investigate the orbital stability of planetary systems with various planet masses and architectures. We find that the stability of the system depends upon the mass of the highest-mass planet. The order of the planets in the system does not significantly affect stability, but, generally, the most massive planet remains stable and the lower-mass planets are ejected. The minimum planet mass required to trigger the instability is about that of Neptune for a circular orbit binary and a super-Earth of about 10 Earth masses for highly eccentric binaries. Hence, we suggest that planet formation around inclined binaries can be an efficient formation mechanism for free-floating planets. While most observed free-floating planets are giant planets, we predict that there should be more low-mass free-floating planets that are as of yet unobserved than higher-mass planets.
X-Ray Polarized View of the Accretion Geometry in the X-Ray Binary Circinus X-1
Authors: Rankin John , La Monaca Fabio , Di Marco Alessandro , Poutanen Juri , Bobrikova Anna , Kravtsov Vadim , Muleri Fabio , Pilia Maura , Veledina Alexandra , Fender Rob , Kaaret Philip , Kim Dawoon E. , Marinucci Andrea , Marshall Herman L. , Papitto Alessandro , Tennant Allyn F. , Tsygankov Sergey S. , Weisskopf Martin C. , Wu Kinwah , Zane Silvia , Ambrosino Filippo , Farinelli Ruben , Gnarini Andrea , Agudo Iván , Antonelli Lucio A. , Bachetti Matteo , Baldini Luca , Baumgartner Wayne H. , Bellazzini Ronaldo , Bianchi Stefano , Bongiorno Stephen D. , Bonino Raffaella , Brez Alessandro , Bucciantini Niccolò , Capitanio Fiamma , Castellano Simone , Cavazzuti Elisabetta , Chen Chien-Ting , Ciprini Stefano , Costa Enrico , De Rosa Alessandra , Del Monte Ettore , Di Gesu Laura , Di Lalla Niccolò , Donnarumma Immacolata , Doroshenko Victor , Dovčiak Michal , Ehlert Steven R. , Enoto Teruaki , Evangelista Yuri , Fabiani Sergio , Ferrazzoli Riccardo , Garcia Javier A. , Gunji Shuichi , Hayashida Kiyoshi , Heyl Jeremy , Iwakiri Wataru , Jorstad Svetlana G. , Karas Vladimir , Kislat Fabian , Kitaguchi Takao , Kolodziejczak Jeffery J. , Krawczynski Henric , Latronico Luca , Liodakis Ioannis , Maldera Simone , Manfreda Alberto , Marin Frédéric , Marscher Alan P. , Massaro Francesco , Matt Giorgio , Mitsuishi Ikuyuki , Mizuno Tsunefumi , Negro Michela , Ng Chi-Yung , O’Dell Stephen L. , Omodei Nicola , Oppedisano Chiara , Pavlov George G. , Peirson Abel L. , Perri Matteo , Pesce-Rollins Melissa , Petrucci Pierre-Olivier , Possenti Andrea , Puccetti Simonetta , Ramsey Brian D. , Ratheesh Ajay , Roberts Oliver J. , Romani Roger W. , Sgrò Carmelo , Slane Patrick , Soffitta Paolo , Spandre Gloria , Swartz Douglas A. , Tamagawa Toru , Tavecchio Fabrizio , Taverna Roberto , Tawara Yuzuru , Thomas Nicholas E. , Tombesi Francesco , Trois Alessio , Turolla Roberto , Vink Jacco , Xie Fei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cir X-1 is a neutron star X-ray binary characterized by strong variations in flux during its eccentric ∼16.6 day orbit. There are also strong variations in the spectral state, and it has historically shown both atoll and Z state properties. We observed the source with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer during two orbital segments, 6 days apart, for a total of 263 ks. We find an X-ray polarization degree in these segments of 1.6% ± 0.3% and 1.4% ± 0.3% at polarization angles of 37° ± 5° and −12° ± 7°, respectively. Thus, we observed a rotation of the polarization angle by 49° ± 8° along the orbit. Because variations of accretion flow, and then of the hardness ratio, are expected during the orbit, we also studied the polarization binned in hardness ratio and found the polarization angle differing by 67° ± 11° between the lowest and highest values of the hardness ratio. We discuss possible interpretations of this result that could indicate a possible misalignment between the symmetry axes of the accretion disk and the Comptonizing region caused by the misalignment of the neutron star’s angular momentum with respect to the orbital one.
An Inward-moving and Asymmetric Velocity Wave Detected in LAMOST-Gaia
Authors: Chen Yuqin , Zhao Gang , Wu Wenbo , Guo Zixi , Zhang Haopeng , Li Zhuohan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The phase space, as coded by kinematic parameters and chemical abundances, is crucial for understanding the formation of the Galactic disk. Using red giant stars from the Galactic thin disk with [Fe/H] > − 0.8 and low-α ratios identified in LAMOST-Gaia, we detect numerous ridges and undulations in the R–V

ϕ
diagram coded by median V

R
. Strikingly, the slope of these features changes from −22 km s−1 kpc−1 to −8 km s−1 kpc−1 at R ∼ 11.5 kpc. Accordingly, the R
g–V

ϕ
plane, also coded by median V

R
, reveals wave-like structures that propagate outwards in the inner disk but reverse direction and move inwards beyond R
g = 11.5 kpc. The most prominent feature is the G1 group, distinguished by its wider spread and negative median V

R
at R
g
∼ 15 kpc, contrasting with the narrower G0 group that exhibits positive median V

R
at R
g < 11.5 kpc. Furthermore, the [C/N] versus [Fe/H] relationship for the G1 group mirrors the opposite trend compared to the G0 group. Since [C/N] serves as a proxy for age, this contrasting behavior suggests an inverse age–metallicity relation for the G1 group. Comparison with the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy reveals that the G1 group possesses distinct [Mg/Fe] and [Al/Fe] ratios, yet its [C/N] versus [Fe/H] pattern is similar to that of the Sgr dwarf galaxy. Based on these observations, we proposed that the inward-moving and asymmetric velocity wave G1 might be linked to the minor merge of the Sagittarius galaxy.
Activity Discovered on Mars-Crossing Jupiter Family Comet 2018 OR by Citizen Scientists
Authors: Farrell Kennedy A. , Chandler Colin Orion , Oldroyd William J. , Trujillo Chadwick A. , Burris William A. , Hsieh Henry H. , Kueny Jay K. , DeSpain Jarod A. , Mendoza Magbanua Mark Jesus , Sedaghat Nima , Sheppard Scott S. , Mazzucato Michele T. , Bosch Milton K. D. , Shaw-Diaz Tiffany , Gonano Virgilio , Lamperti Al , da Silva Campos José A. , Goodwin Brian L. , Terentev Ivan A. , Dukes Charles J. A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present the discovery of cometary activity on 2018 OR as part of our Active Asteroids project, a NASA Partner Program fueled by Zooniverse Citizen Scientists. Volunteers found 2018 OR with a long, diffuse tail in archival images from the Dark Energy Camera on the Blanco 4 m telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Our team identified additional Canada–France–Hawaii–Telescope MegaCam and Zwicky Transient Facility archival data after classification by Citizen Scientists. Activity originating from 2018 OR and directed in the anti-solar and anti-velocity directions was visible in archival images between UT 2018 September 5–18. Our dynamical simulations indicate 2018 OR experiences close encounters with Jupiter over hundred-year timescales. The orbital period and dynamics suggest 2018 OR is a Jupiter Family Comet, and we recommend further observations from the community to reduce observational uncertainties and investigate activity patterns.
A New 2D Energy Balance Model for Simulating the Climates of Rapidly and Slowly Rotating Terrestrial Planets
Authors: Ramirez Ramses M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Energy balance models (EBMs), alongside radiative–convective climate models and global climate models (GCMs), are useful tools for simulating planetary climates. Historically, planetary and exoplanetary EBMs have solely been 1D latitudinally dependent models with no longitudinal dependence, until the study of Okuya et al., which focused on simulating synchronously rotating planets. Following the work of Okuya et al., I have designed the first 2D EBM (PlaHab) that can simulate N2–CO2–H2O–H2 atmospheres of both rapidly and synchronously rotating planets, including Mars, Earth, and exoplanets located within their circumstellar habitable zones. PlaHab includes physics for both water and CO2 condensation. Regional topography can be incorporated. Here, I have specifically applied PlaHab to investigate the present Earth, early Mars, TRAPPIST-1 e, and Proxima Centauri b, representing examples of habitable (and potentially habitable) worlds in our solar system and beyond. I compare my EBM results against those of other 1D and 3D models, including those of the recent Trappist-1 Habitable Atmosphere comparison project. Overall, the EBM results are consistent with those of other 1D and 3D models, although inconsistencies among all models continue to be related to the treatment of clouds and other known differences between EBMs and GCMs, including heat transport parameterizations. Although 2D EBMs are a relatively new entry in the study of planetary/exoplanetary climates, their ease of use, speed, flexibility, wide applicability, and greater complexity (relative to 1D models) may indicate an ideal combination for the modeling of planetary and exoplanetary atmospheres alike.
Data mobilisation in the LWS Herbarium: success and prospects
Authors: Novikov Andriy , Savytska Anastasiia , Kuzyarin Oleksandr , Nachychko Viktor , Susulovska Solomia , Rizun Volodymyr , Susulovsky Andrii , Hushtan Habriel , Hushtan Kateryna , Leleka Dmytro 
Published: January 2024

Digitisation of hosted specimens is a crucial task for all herbaria worldwide and is one of the main streams for today. By digitising their collections and publishing the datasets, the herbaria grant access to essential data to a wide research audience and, as a result, involve their collections in scientific work more actively. Digitisation also allows virtual preservation of the collections, which is especially important in conditions of hostilities, when the entire collection can be destroyed or damaged in one moment. This paper describes two datasets recently published in GBIF in the framework of the LWS herbarium digitisation initiative. It also contains some considerations about further digitisation priorities and plans in the LWS Herbarium in the context of complicated war conditions and limited facilities.
In total, 2,419 occurrence records from Ukraine mobilised from LWS Herbarium were published. These datasets are planned to be dynamic with the addition of new records along with progress of digitisation work at LWS. At least 6,000 more records are planned to be published through these datasets in 2024.
Une flexibilité temporelle libératrice ?
Authors: Flécher Marion 
Published: January 2024

Cherchant à attirer les femmes qui sont encore fortement minoritaires au sein des univers entrepreneuriaux, et en particulier dans le monde des start-up, les discours de promotion de l’entrepreneuriat insistent sur les apports de ce type d’activité en matière de disponibilité temporelle et d’articulation des temps sociaux. À partir d’une enquête qualitative et quantitative menée entre 2017 et 2019 par entretiens (n = 45) et par questionnaire (n = 501) auprès de fondateurs et de fondatrices de start-up, cet article interroge les effets de la flexibilité temporelle offerte par l’entrepreneuriat sur l’investissement des hommes et des femmes dans leur activité professionnelle. Derrière la valorisation des vertus émancipatrices de l’entrepreneuriat, l’enquête met en évidence des usages genrés de la flexibilité qui, loin de libérer les femmes des problématiques de conciliation, viennent limiter leur temps professionnel, lorsqu’ils ne renforcent pas leur assignation à la sphère domestique.
The effect of harvest time on the volatile compounds and bioactive properties of the flowers, leaves, and stems of Echinacea Pallida and its utilization to improve the oxidative stability of vegetable oils
Authors: Kocacik A. , Yalcin H. 
Published: January 2024

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of harvest time on the bioactive properties of Echinacea pallida and to determine the antioxidant effect of its extract in vegetable oils. E. pallida was harvested in June, 2009, June, 2010 and August. 2010. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity analyses of the plant extracts obtained with three different solvents were carried out using spectrophotometric methods. It was determined that harvest time and solvent type had significant effects on bioactive properties. In addition, the effect of E. pallida extract on the oxidative stability of vegetable oils was determined by the rancimat method. The extract (2000 ppm) obtained by ethanol (100%) showed similar oxidative stability on sunflower and canola oils compared to BHA (100 ppm). The GC-MS results revealed various volatile compounds such as bornyl acetate, caryophyllene E, musk ambrette, germacrene D, α-muurolol, musk ambrette, imidazo (1,2-a) pyrimidine, 1-pyrrolidino-1-cyclohexene, 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizine, pyrazine, and benzenaminium.
Evaluation of Educational Environment Using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure-12 – Abridged version of the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure-50 Questionnaire among Final Year M.B.B.S. Students in a Medical College in Ahmedabad
Authors: Mehta Ami , Mehta Karan , Mistry Neha , Mehta Vivek , Saiyad Shaista , Sheth Jay 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Medical education in India is evolving/changing in view of implementation of new curriculum in undergraduate schools. Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) is one of the tools developed specifically to assess the educational environment of medical institutions as perceived by the students. DREEM-12, an abridged version of DREEM-50 had been developed which retains its factors structure, validity, reliability and at the same time avoids respondent fatigue. We used the DREEM-12 questionnaire to assess final M.B.B.S students’ perception about their learning environment at our institute.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done including 215 undergraduate students from the final MBBS. The DREEM-12 questionnaire was shared with all the participants as Google form. The mean score for each variable was calculated. Variable scores were summed up to get each domain score and interpreted.

Results:
We received responses from 60% of students. The highest score was given to faculty’s encouragement towards learning with a mean score of 3.1. Least score - 2.1 was given to the stress support system for students. In the cumulative score, students’ perception of teacher (SPOT) was 8.8 which is interpreted as “model course organizers,” while student’s social self-perceptions was 4.7 which infers “not too bad.” The overall DREEM-12 score of our study is 33.1, which is indicative of a “More Positive than Negative” educational environment.

Conclusion:
The stress support system has the lowest score which suggests that efforts should be made to provide continuous psychological support to students may be in the form of periodical assessment by psychologists to find vulnerable ones early and provide them timely help. Items in SPOT are scored highest, pertaining to faculty’s knowledge about the subject and their encouragement to students about their learning. As this was the first-ever study done at this institute using DREEM-12 it can serve as a baseline to monitor the effects of changes made over a period of time.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Self-directed Learning in 2nd Professional Year Medical Undergraduates
Authors: Sonar Samiksha J. , Gandhi Anuradha M. , Patel Prakruti Parth , Desai Chetna K. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Self-directed learning (SDL) is one of the recommended teaching–learning methods for Indian medical graduates to become a lifelong learner.

Methodology:
The study was conducted in 2nd year medical undergraduates. A lecture (Cholinergic Transmission and Cholinergic Drugs) was conducted followed by sensitization of students for SDL method and sharing of SDL topic (organophosphate poisoning). After 3 days, in the 1st SDL session, students were sensitized for SDL topic. A pretest (multiple-choice questions [MCQs] of SDL topic) was administered and resource materials were shared at its end. In intersession period, case-based scenarios, trigger words, and videos were shared in a preformed WhatsApp group. During the 2nd session, facilitators facilitated discussion of the topic in small groups of students using case-based scenarios. Posttest (MCQs) for students and feedback for students and facilitators were administered.

Results:
Data collected from 61 students showed a statistically significant difference between the means of posttest compared to pretest (standard error: 2.45, P < 0.05, confidence interval – 95%). Posttest scores showed that more than 45% of the students answered correctly 80% of questions, compared to pretest. More than 70% of students and facilitators agreed/strongly agreed that SDL makes topic interesting and effective for teaching/learning and leads to better student–teacher interaction. About 70% of students and 55% of facilitators found that SDL method should be implemented for more topics in curriculum. Learning issues faced by 21 students (need for more information resources, time-consuming method, difficulty in remembering dosage schedule, clinically correlating topic, and language barrier during discussion) were solved by students using of other online and offline information sources, revising the topic and discussing with co-learners.

Conclusion:
SDL was helpful for students in improving knowledge, communication skills, and analyzing case-based scenarios for any given topic.
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Study in Eastern India Based on Diagnostic Modalities
Authors: Adhikari Anindya , Das Tripti , Sardar Ashis , Sinha Anuradha , Majumdar Arijit , Dey Goutam 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The most common site of tubercular infection is lungs, but various extrapulmonary sites also can be affected by tuberculosis (TB). Very few fine-needle aspiration-based studies supplemented by cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) and radiology have been conducted in any center of tribal-based area situated in Eastern India.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty extrapulmonary TB cases (28 males and 32 females) received during 3 years (May 2018–April 2021) were included in this study.

Results:
Diagnoses of different extrapulmonary tubercular lesions were: lymphadenitis (n = 27), cold abscess (n = 18), breast abscess (n = 2), epididymitis (n = 4), oral cavity (n = 3), spine, long bone (n = 2 cases each) and fingertip and TB of the penis (n = 1 case each). Forty-six cases were diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology. CBNAAT diagnosed ten cases where the result of aspiration cytology was inconclusive. Radiology directly diagnosed four cases, whereas it helped another seven cases indirectly to clinch the proper diagnosis of extrapulmonary tubercular lesions.

Conclusion:
Tuberculous lymphadenitis was the most common extrapulmonary lesion. Females outnumber male cases. Aspiration cytology aided by CBNAAT and radiology proved indispensable to diagnose extrapulmonary tubercular lesions, especially for economically constrained persons.
The different prognostic factors between metastatic and nonmetastatic disease of esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Zhong Liping , Pan Yuefen , Han Shuwen , Qi Quan , Liao Haihong , Jiang Yizhen , Shen Junjun 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
The specific risk factors of metastatic and nonmetastatic esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) are still uncertain. Whether primary site surgery is necessary for all patients with esophageal NEC is unknown.

Methods:
Patients with esophageal NEC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2014 were selected. STATA 12 was used to analyze the clinical and pathological features of esophageal NEC.

Results:
In total, 241 patients with esophageal NEC were included. Metastatic patients had shorter overall survival than nonmetastatic patients (6.03 versus 11.90 months, respectively). Prognostic factors varied between metastatic and nonmetastatic esophageal NEC. The location of the primary tumor is a key point for the prognosis of esophageal NEC. For nonmetastatic esophageal NEC, patients with tumors in the upper third of the esophagus had the worst survival, and patients with metastatic esophageal NEC with a primary tumor in the lower part of the esophagus tended to have an increased risk of death. Moreover, age ≥68 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–3.31; P < 0.01) and large cell carcinoma (HR = 2.79; 95% CI: 1.30–6.00; P < 0.01) were independent risk factors in patients with metastatic esophageal NEC. Primary site resection benefited patients with nonmetastatic esophageal NEC (HR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.07–0.56; P < 0.01) rather than patients with metastatic esophageal NEC (HR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.29–2.83; P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Our study presented that primary tumor location is an important risk factor for nonmetastatic esophageal NEC patients. Age and pathological type are important risk factors for patients with metastatic esophageal NEC. Nonmetastatic esophageal NEC will benefit from primary tumor resection. Systematic treatment is recommended for metastatic esophageal NEC.
Diffuse Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor of the Wrist with Joint Destruction and Invasion
Authors: Jerome J. Terrence Jose , Dhanalakshmi  , Lavanya  
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A 54-year-old man took antitubercular drugs for 1 year for right wrist pain, swelling, and restriction of movements, with no improvements. Magnetic resonance imaging wrist reported multiple nodules and soft-tissue mass with intraosseous erosions involving carpal bones, distal radius, and ulna. Resection of the mass, excision of the distal ulna, and wrist arthrodesis were done. The histopathology confirmed a diffuse tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT). No postoperative radiotherapy or systemic therapies were given. The patient remained symptom-free at 2 years of follow-up. Diffuse TSGCT with joint destruction and invasion of the wrist is rare. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is required before considering the most common infective etiologies in the wrist.