bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of electroactive antibacterial material and electrical stimulation in enhancing skin tissue regeneration: A next‐generation dermal wound dressing
Authors: Zang Xi‐Liang , Gao Fei , Zhang Zhao , Shen Lin‐Hua , Pan Yue‐Hai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to develop an electroactive antibacterial material for the treatment of skin wound diseases.MethodTo this aim, we modified chitosan (CS), a biocompatible polymer, by coupling it with graphene (rGO) and an antimicrobial polypeptide DOPA‐PonG1. The material's effect on skin injury healing was studied in combination with external electrical stimulation (EEM). The structure, surface composition, and hydrophilicity of the modified CS materials were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and contact angle measurements. We studied NIH3T3 cells cultured with modified materials and subjected to EEM to assess viability, adhesion, and tissue repair‐related gene expression.ResultsSEM data demonstrated that rGO was distributed uniformly on the surface of the CS material, increasing surface roughness, and antimicrobial peptides had minimal impact on surface morphology. FTIR confirmed the uniform distribution of rGO and antibacterial peptides on the material surface. Both rGO and DOPA‐PonG1 enhanced the hydrophilicity of CS materials, with rGO also improving tensile strength. The dual modification of CS with rGO and DOPA‐PonG1 synergistically increased antibacterial efficacy. Cellular events and gene expression relevant to tissue repair process were enhanced by these modifications. Furthermore, EEM accelerated epidermal regeneration more than the material alone. In a rat skin wound model, DOPA‐PonG1@CS/rGO dressing combined with electrical stimulation exhibited accelerated healing of skin defect.ConclusionOverall, our results demonstrate that CS materials modified with rGO and DOPA‐PonG1 have increased hydrophilicity, antibacterial characteristics, and tissue regeneration capacities. This modified material in conjunction with EEM hold promise for the clinical management for dermal wounds.
Housing Commodification and Increasing Potential Ground Rents in Post‐Socialist Budapest
Authors: Olt Gergely , Simonovits Borbála , Bernát Anikó , Csizmady Adrienne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn post‐socialist Budapest, gentrification has remained modest for decades after the regime change (1989) due to politically controlled economic relations besides marketisation. Political control was transformed but maintained after 2010 in the illiberal Orbán regime. Populist housing privatisation for tenants, insufficient regulation of rental housing, mortgage policy and urban rehabilitations with systemic corruption caused moderate level of housing market commodification. However, gentrification accelerated from 2014. Among other factors, the restriction of mortgage lending and the unplanned expansion of tourism increased the commodification of real estate market. Similar contextual issues were mentioned in the gentrification literature before; however, they remained external modifying effects of the assumed nomothetic political economic mechanisms behind rent gaps under neoliberal governance assumed everywhere. We suggest connecting institutional, social and political factors with dynamics of land rent through the concept of commodification and its effects on potential ground rent to include them within the mechanisms of gentrification.
Drivers of cross‐border bank claims: The role of foreign‐owned banks in emerging countries
Authors: Brana Sophie , Chenaf‐Nicet Dalila , Lahet Delphine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudies of the determinants of cross‐border bank claims are based on the economic situations of the lending and borrowing countries—the traditional push/pull factors—but fail to take into account the situation of the international lending banks and the presence of their subsidiaries in emerging countries. They also fail to explain the huge decrease in cross‐border bank flows after the 2008 global financial crisis. In this paper, we analyse the determinants of cross‐border bank claims on a panel of 28 emerging countries and explicitly integrate banking determinants. Thus, we account for the financial situation of international lender banks and the existence of foreign locations in emerging countries as a potential pull stabilising factor. We show that the presence of foreign banks in emerging countries is clearly a factor of attraction for cross‐border bank claims. It remains when we explicitly take into account the 2008 crisis but to a lower extent and in favour of interbank loans. This may be proof of support from the international parent banks to their affiliates. Last, the financial situation of international banks, notably their liquidity and ability to respect prudential rules, also plays a role in their financing strategies in emerging countries.
Neutral sphingomyelinase regulates mechanotransduction in human engineered cardiac tissues and mouse hearts
Authors: Turner Daniel G. P. , De Lange Willem J. , Zhu Yanlong , Coe Christopher L. , Simcox Judith , Ge Ying , Kamp Timothy J. , Ralphe J. Carter , Glukhov Alexey V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the USA and is known to be exacerbated by elevated mechanical stress from hypertension. Caveolae are plasma membrane structures that buffer mechanical stress but have been found to be reduced in pathological conditions associated with chronically stretched myocardium. To explore the physiological implications of the loss of caveolae, we used human engineered cardiac tissue (ECT) constructs, composed of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived cardiomyocytes and hiPSC‐derived cardiac fibroblasts, to develop a long‐term cyclic stretch protocol that recapitulates the effects of hypertension on caveolae expression, membrane tension, and the β‐adrenergic response. Leveraging this new stretch protocol, we identified neutral sphingomyelinases (nSMase) as mechanoregulated mediators of caveolae loss, ceramide production and the blunted β‐adrenergic response in this human cardiac model. Specifically, in our ECT model, nSMase inhibition via GW4869 prevented stretch‐induced loss of caveolae‐like structures, mitigated nSMase‐dependent ceramide production, and maintained the ECT contractile kinetic response to isoprenaline. These findings are correlated with a blood lipidomic analysis in middle‐aged and older adults, which revealed an increase of the circulating levels of ceramides in adults with hypertension. Furthermore, we found that conduction slowing from increased pressure loading in mouse left ventricle was abolished in the context of nSMase inhibition. Collectively, these findings identify nSMase as a potent drug target for mitigating stretch‐induced effects on cardiac function.
imageKey points
We have developed a new stretch protocol for human engineered cardiac tissue that recapitulates changes in plasma membrane morphology observed in animal models of pressure/volume overload.
Stretch of engineered cardiac tissue induces activation of neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase), generation of ceramide, and disassembly of caveolae.
Activation of nSMase blunts cardiac β‐adrenergic contractile kinetics and mediates stretch‐induced slowing of conduction and upstroke velocity.
Circulating ceramides are increased in adults with hypertension, highlighting the clinical relevance of stretch‐induced nSMase activity.
Numerical Treatment for the Solution of Stochastic Fractional Differential Equation Using Lerch Operational Matrix Method
Authors: Singh P. K. , Saha Ray S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The article aims to propose the Lerch operational matrix method to solve a stochastic fractional differential equation. In this approach, the Lerch polynomials have been used as a basis function. Then, the product operational matrix, integral operational matrix, stochastic operational matrix, and operational matrix of fractional integral based on the Lerch polynomials have been constructed. The main characteristic of this method is to reduce the stochastic fractional differential equation into a system of algebraic equations by using derived operational matrices and suitable collocation points. Moreover, the convergence and error analysis of the presented method is also discussed in detail. Additionally, the applicability of the proposed technique is also demonstrated by solving some examples. To confirm the accuracy and effectiveness of the suggested technique, a comparison between the results produced by the proposed method and those obtained by other methods has been provided.
Robust Tip Gap Measurements: A Universal In-Situ Dynamic Calibration and Demonstration in a Two-Stage High-Speed Turbine
Authors: Castillo Sauca Antonio , Paniagua Guillermo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tip clearance monitoring is essential for the active health monitoring of turbomachinery and their development toward more efficient systems. Proper sensor calibration is paramount to this purpose, frequently being a time-consuming process. This paper introduces a novel in situ dynamic calibration routine for high-frequency capacitance sensor measurements for tip clearance. The method predicts the calibration curve based on a single clearance measurement, the evolution of the acquired signal through various operational conditions, and the dimensional features of the multirim squealer-tip passing blades. The experimental data were obtained at 2 MHz in a state-of-the-art two-stage high-speed turbine operated by the purdue experimental turbine aerothermal lab (PETAL). A description of the empirical setup is provided, emphasizing the capacitance probes, the conditioning and acquisition systems, the metrology instruments used, and other ancillary instrumentation relevant to the calibration procedure. The prior filtering and data identification from the raw signal are detailed. The step-by-step development of the algorithm is presented, including justification of the curves imposed by the method. The resulting calibrations are provided, achieving accuracies of a few microns. The results are compared against previously used calibration techniques, emphasizing the potential advantages of the presented routine. Finally, the time-resolved tip clearance is analyzed against high-frequency aerothermal data within the gap region, identifying relationships between the tip gap, unsteady pressure, and heat flux on the shroud.
Investigation of the Defect Width Effect on the Burst Capacity of Composite-Repaired Pipelines With Corrosion Defects Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Silva R. , Zhou W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of the defect width on the burst capacity of corroded pipelines repaired with fiber reinforced polymer composite. Parametric finite element analyses are carried out to evaluate the burst capacities of composite-repaired pipes containing localized and full-circumferential corrosion defects. The analysis results indicate that burst capacities of composite-repaired pipes containing localized defects can be markedly lower than those of composite-repaired pipes with full-circumferential defects. The burst capacity model derived from the design equation recommended in the ASME PCC-2 code is found to be nonconservative for composite-repaired pipes with localized defects based on the parametric finite element analyses. An empirical equation for the defect width correction factor is then developed and shown to be highly effective in improving the predictive accuracy of the PCC-2 burst capacity model.
Dynamic Electrochemical Action of Low Temperature Plasma Exposed NaFePO4/Activated BCC Nanocomposites in Cathode Applications
Authors: Saveetha S. , Vijayalakshmi K. A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this research, we designed a high performance cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries derived from cold plasma exposed NaFePO4/activated bamboo charcoal (BCC). XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) were used to examine the crystal structure, functional groups, morphological features, and surface area of the composites. The material's surface characteristics, such as wettability, adhesion, and conductivity analysis, were proved, and the energy storage capacity of the material and these characteristics were magnified by exposure to DC glow discharge plasma. In this work, the NaFePO4/activated BCC was subjected to DC glow discharge plasma with various plasma producing gases. The electrochemical investigation shows that the air plasma-treated composite produces the best results when compared to the untreated sample. The enhancement of the diffusivity of the composite reveals that the plasma-treated materials are appropriate for energy storage devices.
Investigation on the Effects of Nanorefrigerants in a Combined Cycle of Ejector Refrigeration Cycle and Kalina Cycle
Authors: Seckin Candeniz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to carry out the thermodynamic analysis of a new power/refrigeration combined cycle which consists of an ejector refrigeration cycle (ERC) and a Kalina cycle. In ERC, nanorefrigerants are used as the working fluid. Used nanorefrigerants are homogenous mixtures of different base refrigerants (R134a, R152a, and R290) and nanoparticles (TiO2 and Al2O3) with 0–5 wt% nanoparticle concentration. The effects of variation in system operational parameters (nanoparticle mass fraction, evaporator pressure, condenser pressure) on energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the combined cycle are reported. Additionally, net power production, refrigeration capacity, heat input to the combined cycle, and their exergy contents are given for the case of TiO2/R290 nanorefrigerant use in ERC. This study is the first ERC analysis in which the effect of R152a and R290 base refrigerants and TiO2 nanoparticle use on ERC performance is investigated. The results show that as the nanoparticle concentration and evaporator pressure increase and condenser pressure decreases, the energy and exergy efficiencies of the cycle increase. Under all the considered operational conditions of the combined cycle, the highest efficiency results are obtained for R290 and the lowest for R134a-based refrigerants.
Study on Additive Effect of Film Cooling Effectiveness in Two Rows of Fan-Shaped Holes
Authors: Li Chen , An Baitao , Liu Jianjun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The coolant jet interaction has a great influence on the superposition prediction of multirow film cooling. Although there have been many efforts to reveal the mechanics of additive effect in multirow film cooling, the available knowledge about developing the superposition method is still limited. The present work examines the film cooling effectiveness in two rows of fan-shaped holes by pressure sensitive paint technique, at the blowing ratios of 0.5–2.0 and the density ratio of 1.0. It is found that the impact of upstream flow on the downstream cooling film is reflected in the variation of turbulence intensity. The enhanced turbulence intensity is detrimental to the downstream film cooling effectiveness especially at the far away region. The mixing of upstream flow and coolant ejection starts at the leading edge of the hole exit. Thus, the streamwise width of the hole exit should be taken into consideration for better predicting the film cooling effectiveness around the holes. The cause of additive effect is that the coolant ejection at the second row affects the local mainstream entrainment. Then, a new correction factor, which characterizes the influence of coolant ejection on the mainstream entrainment of the upper row, is proposed for improving the classical Sellers method. The final result shows a good agreement with experimental data.
Understanding the Effect of Three-Dimensional Design in Tandem Blade
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Akshay , Chhugani Hitesh , More Shubhali , Pradeep A. M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In order to maximize the pressure ratio and efficiency, compressor designers have tried several unconventional design approaches. Tandem blading is one such unconventional design that promises a higher pressure ratio per stage through a higher diffusion factor. The nozzle shape created between the forward and aft blades of a tandem configuration acts as a passive boundary layer control mechanism. The boundary layer growth over the aft rotor is therefore effectively controlled with the help of this gap-nozzle flow. The flow complexity is likely to increase in the case of a tandem rotor due to the twin leakage vortices, twin wake regions, and their interaction with the hub and casing boundary layers. Modern compressor blades are often designed with three-dimensional blade techniques such as sweep, lean, dihedral, end bent, etc., to reduce the various losses and achieve optimum performance. However, to the best of the author’s knowledge, the effect of 3D blade designs on the performance of tandem rotors has not been fully explored so far. A comprehensive numerical investigation is undertaken to understand the effect of 3D designs on the performance of tandem blades. Axial sweep and dihedral failed to improve the performance of the tandem rotor. Significant improvement in the stall margin is observed for the forward chordwise-swept and negative lean tandem rotors and is largely attributed to lower tip incidence. The performance penalty of the forward-swept and negatively leaned cases can be reduced by integrating compound or variable lean and sweep into the design.
The Effects of Channel Supplies on Overall Film-Cooling Effectiveness
Authors: Veley Emma M. , Thole Karen A. , Bogard David G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cooling components in the hot section of a gas turbine are essential to component durability. Common methods of cooling include rib turbulators in internal passages and film cooling on external surfaces. The holes that produce the film cooling are fed from the internal channels often containing ribs. Consequently, there is an interdependence of internal heat transfer and external film cooling. The purpose of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the interaction of ribs and film cooling. To quantify the cooling performance, the surface temperatures were measured, from which overall effectiveness was calculated. For the experiments, additively manufactured test coupons were made of Inconel 718 to match engine Biot numbers. These test coupons had internal feed channels with and without ribs and had both cylindrical holes and meter-diffuser-shaped holes with 15 deg lateral expansion angles and a 1 deg forward expansion angle. A single rectangular channel was one type of feed channel. The other type of feed channel was individual circular channels, with each circular channel supplying an individual film-cooling hole. The experimental results showed that the circular individual channels have 80% higher baseline overall effectiveness than the single rectangular channels without any film cooling. Ribbed turbulators without film cooling also increased the overall effectiveness by 21% for single rectangular channels and by 29% for the circular individual channels compared to the respective non-ribbed channels. While the film cooling increased the overall effectiveness of all geometries, the single rectangular channels had increased overall effectiveness levels by up to twice that of the no film-cooling case. On average, the single rectangular channels had an 80% improvement from film cooling, whereas the individual channel feeds, on average, had only a 50% improvement, given their high baseline effectiveness levels.
Bone Conduction: A Linear Viscoelastic Mixed Lumped-Continuum Model for the Human Skin in the Acoustic Frequency Range
Authors: Lüchtrath Linda , Nijman Eugène 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In conventional and skin-drive bone conduction, the performance of the exciter is strongly influenced by the mechanical impedance of the skin. This impedance is characterized by the resonance of the cutis on the underlying adipose layer. Although the existing Kelvin–Voigt-based lumped parameter skin model allows satisfactory approximation of the magnitude of the measured skin impedance, substantial deviations appear in the associated phase. The use of the existing skin model in coupled exciter-skin response calculations may thus lead to prediction errors at resonance peaks. The present work proposes an alternative model which considers the bending wave propagation in the cutis using a continuum model combined with a Zener material model for the underlying adipose tissue. It shows good agreement with the measurement results and leads to insights in the role of the different skin layers in the observed dynamic response.
Numerical Study on Keying Capacity of Gravity Installed Anchors in Sand
Authors: Liu Haixiao , Jiao Depeng , Li Zhou , Zhang Chenyang , Yang Yancheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Being the latest representative of gravity installed anchors (GIAs), the OMNI-Max anchor can perform comprehensive behaviors in the seabed, like keying and diving, by adjusting orientation and position to derive higher capacity and to avoid anchor failure. During the keying process of GIAs, many factors may influence the keying capacity, such as the embedment depth, the anchor orientation, the rotational center, the bearing area, and the soil strength. Based on the coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) technique, large deformation finite element analyses combined with a bounding-surface plasticity constitutive model are performed to investigate systematically the keying behavior of GIAs in sand. A series of analytical cases involving multiple factors are designed and analyzed to explore the effects of various factors on the keying capacity of GIAs, defined by the soil resistance coefficient during keying. The soil resistance coefficient increases with increasing soil density, while it tends to be stable with the increase of the embedment depth. The closer the rotational center approaches to the two ends of the anchor, the greater the soil resistance coefficient becomes. When the loading arm angle is in π/6–π/4, the soil resistance coefficient takes a relatively small value, while the degree of influence decreases with increasing embedment depth. An explicit expression of the soil resistance coefficient during keying is derived to quantify the effects of various factors, whose applicability and accuracy are validated by different ways. These findings are helpful to understand further the comprehensive anchor behaviors and to promote the application of GIAs in offshore engineering.
The Effect of Sex, Maturity, and Training Status on Maximal Sprint Performance Kinetics
Authors: Runacres Adam , Mackintosh Kelly A. , McNarry Melitta A. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The development of sprint running during youth has received renewed interest, but questions remain regarding the development of speed in youth, especially the influences of sex, training, and maturity status. Methods: One hundred and forty-seven team sport trained (69 girls; 14.3 [2.1] y) and 113 untrained (64 girls; 13.8 [2.7] y) youth completed two 30-m sprints separated by 2-minute active rest. Velocity was measured using a radar gun at >46 Hz, with power and force variables derived from a force–velocity–power profile. Results: Boys produced a significantly higher absolute peak power (741 [272] vs 645 [229] W; P < .01) and force (431 [124] vs 398 [125] N; P < .01) than girls, irrespective of maturity and training status. However, there was a greater sex difference in relative mean power and peak velocity in circa peak height velocity adolescents (46.9% and 19.8%, respectively) compared with prepeak height velocity (5.4% and 3.2%) or postpeak height velocity youth (11.6% and 5.6%). Conclusions: Sprint development in youth is sexually dimorphic which needs considering when devising long-term training plans. Further research is needed to explore the independent, and combined, effects of sex, training, and maturity status on sprint performance kinetics in youth.