bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitiligo non‐responding lesions to narrow band UVB have intriguing cellular and molecular abnormalities that may prevent epidermal repigmentation
Authors: Goldstein Nathaniel B. , Steel Andrea , Tomb Landon , Berk Zachary , Hu Junxiao , Balaya Velmurugan , Hoaglin Laura , Ganuthula Kavya , Patel Meet , Mbika Erica , Robinson William A. , Roop Dennis R. , Norris David A. , Birlea Stanca A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe have discovered that human vitiligo patients treated with narrow‐band UVB (NBUVB) demonstrated localized resistance to repigmentation in skin sites characterized by distinct cellular and molecular pathways. Using immunostaining studies, discovery‐stage RNA‐Seq analysis, and confirmatory in situ hybridization, we analyzed paired biopsies collected from vitiligo lesions that did not repigment after 6 months of NBUVB treatment (non‐responding) and compared them with repigmented (responding) lesions from the same patient. Non‐responding lesions exhibited acanthotic epidermis, had low number of total, proliferative, and differentiated melanocyte (MC) populations, and increased number of senescent keratinocytes (KCs) and of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells as compared with responding lesions. The abnormal response in the non‐responding lesions was driven by a dysregulated cAMP pathway and of upstream activator PDE4B, and of WNT/β‐catenin repigmentation pathway. Vitiligo‐responding lesions expressed high levels of WNT10B ligand, a molecule that may prevent epidermal senescence induced by NBUVB, and that in cultured melanoblasts prevented the pro‐melanogenic effect of α‐MSH. Understanding the pathways that govern lack of NBUVB‐induced vitiligo repigmentation has a great promise in guiding the development of new therapeutic strategies for vitiligo.
Eruptive syringomas associated with milia‐like idiopathic calcinosis cutis
Authors: March‐Rodriguez Alvaro , Alcalá Rebeca , Pujol Ramon M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old boy presented generalized eruptive syringomas (ESs) associated with multiple milia‐like whitish palmar papules corresponding to dermal calcium deposits. A relationship between calcium deposits distribution to an underlying eccrine duct was noted on pathology. The observation of dermal calcium deposits and its association with generalized ESs may support a possible sweat duct origin of this uncommon and peculiar form of superficial calcinosis cutis.
An analysis of information about infantile hemangiomas on TikTok: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yun Sonora , Garzon Maria C. , Morel Kimberly D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe video app TikTok, a controversial platform, has increasingly been utilized for the dissemination of health‐related topics. In this study, the quality of information on the top 50 most viewed TikTok videos on infantile hemangiomas (IHs) labeled #hemangioma was analyzed. The results showed that the videos were skewed toward more severe subtypes of IH, and most were directed at raising awareness about IH or combating stigmatizing attitudes toward birthmarks. Providers should be aware that social media applications such as TikTok are a commonly used venue for parents to cope and connect but may relay inaccurate or misleading information.
African communitarian ethics: An externalist justification for altruism
Authors: Odeyemi Idowu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe most popular defense of altruism has come from ethicists, mostly Western ethicists, who argue that for an action to hold any justification as it pertains to altruistic commitments, such an altruistic action must stem from the agent's internal states such as beliefs, practical reasoning, desires, or deliberative attitudes. I refer to this as the internalist justification for altruism. On this internalist approach, the mere recognition of others—which I shall refer to as an externalist justification—albeit necessary for an agent who wants to perform an altruistic act, is insufficient in accounting for the agent's altruism. This paper offers an African model of communitarian ethics (ACE) under which the externalist justification for altruism is satisfied. I argue that at its core, ACE holds a normative conception of community and personhood that accounts for a sufficient externalist justification for altruism, which proponents of internal altruism have argued is insufficient.
The politics of China's policy processes: A comparative review of the Advocacy Coalition Framework's applications to mainland China
Authors: Li Wei , Pierce Jonathan J. , Chen Fang , Wang Fuguo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDrawing on a review of 112 Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) applications to China published during 2006–2022, this article finds that, consistent with ACF assumptions, policy processes in China are complex processes of top‐down decision making, horizontal negotiation, networked influence, and bottom‐up initiation. The review finds policy processes in many subsystems of China inconsistent with one implicit assumption of the framework: the difficulty of reconciling conflicting beliefs between warring coalitions. Compared with the results from a review of the English ACF applications to countries around the globe, policy‐oriented learning and imposition by a hierarchically superior jurisdiction were identified more frequently as pathways to policy change in reviewed applications to China. The Xi Jinping administration encourages between‐coalition learning and negotiation to pursue the ideal of building a well‐off and equitable society. At the same time, his top‐level reforms have changed the long‐time status quo in some subsystems by national policy reforms.Related ArticlesNam, Aerang, and Christopher M. Weible. 2023. “Examining Experts' Discourse in South Korea's Nuclear Power Policy Making: An Advocacy Coalition Framework Approach to Policy Knowledge.” Politics & Policy 51(2): 201–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12522.Nwalie, Martin Ike. 2019. “Advocacy Coalition Framework and Policy Changes in a Third‐World Country.” Politics & Policy 47(3): 545–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12302.von Malmborg, Fredrik. 2023. “Combining the Advocacy Coalition Framework and Argumentative Discourse Analysis: The Case of the ‘Energy Efficiency First’ Principle in EU Energy and Climate Policy.” Politics & Policy 51(2): 222–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12525.
SlPHL1 positively modulates acid phosphatase in response to phosphate starvation by directly activating the genes SlPAP10b and SlPAP15 in tomato
Authors: Liu Yanan , Li Chengquan , Zhang Duanmei , Huang Shaoxuan , Wang Yi , Wang Enhui , Zhu Lin , Chen Mingxue , Zhang Xinyao , Yuan Rui , Zhang Lang , Wang Wei , Jia Qi , Liu Zhongjuan , Zhang Yongqiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIncreased acid phosphatase (APase) activity is a prominent feature of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) responses to inorganic phosphate (Pi) restriction. SlPHL1, a phosphate starvation response (PHR) transcription factor, has been identified as a positive regulator of low Pi (LP)‐induced APase activity in tomato. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this regulation remains to be elucidated. Here, SlPHL1 was found to positively regulate the LP‐induced expression of five potential purple acid phosphatase (PAP) genes, namely SlPAP7, SlPAP10b, SlPAP12, SlPAP15, and SlPAP17b. Furthermore, we provide evidence that SlPHL1 can stimulate transcription of these five genes by binding directly to the PHR1 binding sequence (P1BS) located on their promoters. The P1BS mutation notably weakened SlPHL1 binding to the promoters of SlPAP7, SlPAP12, and SlPAP17b but almost completely abolished SlPHL1 binding to the promoters of SlPAP10b and SlPAP15. As a result, the transcriptional activation of SlPHL1 on SlPAP10b and SlPAP15 was substantially diminished. In addition, not only did transient overexpression of either SlPAP10b or SlPAP15 in tobacco leaves increase APase activity, but overexpression of SlPAP15 in Arabidopsis and tomato also increased APase activity and promoted plant growth. Subsequently, two SPX proteins, SlSPX1 and SlSPX4, were shown to physically interact with SlPHL1. Moreover, SlSPX1 inhibited the transcriptional activation of SlPHL1 on SlPAP10b and SlPAP15 and negatively regulated the activity of APase. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SlPHL1‐mediated LP signaling promotes APase activity by activating the transcription of SlPAP10b and SlPAP15, which may provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of tomato response to Pi‐limited stress.
Direct dating rodingitization in the northern North China Craton using garnet U–Pb geochronometry
Authors: Ran Jing , Wang Hao , Yang Jin‐Hui , Wu Shi‐Tou , Zhu Yu‐Sheng , Wu Ya‐Dong , Xu Lei , Huang Chao , Zhou Bao‐Quan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe formation of rodingites has been a continually controversial topic, largely due to the absence of minerals that can be unambiguously dated. Here, we present a case study that utilized LA‐ICPMS garnet U–Pb dating, in conjunction with field investigations, petrology and Raman spectroscopy, to reveal the age and petrogenesis of rodingite in the northern North China Craton. The rodingites are spatially associated with mafic and alkaline rocks. Our findings indicate that rodingitization occurred at ca. 388 Ma, making it about 5–10 Myr younger than its mafic protoliths, but contemporaneous with the adjoining alkaline plutons. These observations suggest that the rodingitization may be attributed to hydrothermal fluids from the alkaline magmas. Our study emphasizes the importance of utilizing garnet U–Pb dating to determine the timing of rodingitization and introduces a novel perspective on the relationship between rodingitization and alkaline magmas in extensional continental settings.
A New Method for Solving Physical Problems With Nonlinear Phoneme Within Fractional Derivatives With Singular Kernel
Authors: Syam Sondos M. , Siri Z. , Altoum Sami H. , Aigo Musa Adam , Kasmani R. Md. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel numerical approach for solving nonlinear problems with a singular kernel. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution for these models as well as the uniform convergence of the function sequence produced by our novel approach to the unique solution. Additionally, we offer a closed form and prove these results for a specific class of these problems where the free term is a fractional polynomial, an exponential, or a trigonometric function. These findings are new to the best of our knowledge. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our numerical method and how to apply our theoretical findings, we solved a number of physical problems. Comparisons with various researchers are reported. Findings demonstrate that our approach is more effective and accurate. In addition, compared to methods that address this type of problems, our approach is simple to implement and has lower computing costs.
Alternate Forms to Lagrange–D'Alembert Principle for Treatment of Rheonomic Constraints
Authors: Shabana Ahmed A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lagrange–D'Alembert principle is based on the concept of the nonactual and nonmeasurable virtual displacement and the assumption that the system-constraint forces are workless. Because time is not considered in defining the virtual displacements, virtual changes in prescribed displacements that characterize rheonomic constraints, referred to as driving constraints, are zero. Consequently, Lagrange–D'Alembert principle does not account systematically, from the outset, for rheonomic constraints, which are not workless and have power associated with them. In multibody system implementations, rheonomic-constraint forces are considered as constraint forces and not as applied forces. Consequently, the statement of the virtual-work principle that virtual work of the system-inertia forces is equal to the virtual work of the system-applied forces because the virtual work of system-constraint forces is zero omits inclusion of rheonomic constraints forces. This paper discusses using alternate forms to Lagrange–D'Alembert principle to account for rheonomic constraints from the outset by using actual and measurable motion variables to replace the virtual displacements. The analysis presented in this paper, which is applicable to both holonomic and nonholonomic systems, shows that the power of the system-inertia forces is equal to the power of the system-applied forces plus the power of rheonomic-constraint forces. It is demonstrated that the existence of Lagrange multipliers is not rooted in the definition of the virtual displacement or virtual work, but in the independence of the constraint functions. It is shown that when redundant coordinates are used, the effect of the rheonomic constraints appears explicitly in the constraint equations while this effect appears as generalized inertia forces when using the independent coordinates.
Chaotic Dynamics of a Duffing Oscillator Subjected to External and Nonlinear Parametric Excitations With Delayed Feedbacks
Authors: Ding Aijia , Hu Sengen , Zhou Liangqiang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Duffing oscillator with delayed feedback is widely used in engineering. Chaos in such system plays an important role in the dynamic response of the system, which may lead to the collapse of the system. Therefore, it is necessary and significant to study the chaotic dynamical behaviors of such systems. Chaotic dynamics of the Duffing oscillator subjected to periodic external and nonlinear parameter excitations with delayed feedback are investigated both analytically and numerically in this paper. With the Melnikov method, the critical value of chaos arising from heteroclinic intersection is derived analytically. The feature of the critical curves separating chaotic and nonchaotic regions on the excitation frequency and the time delay is investigated analytically in detail. Under the corresponding system parameters, the monotonicity of the critical value to the excitation frequency, displacement time delay, and velocity time delay is obtained rigorously. The chaos threshold obtained by the analytical method is verified by numerical simulations.
The Approximate Analysis of Higher-Order Frequencies of Nonlinear Vibrations of a Cantilever Beam With the Extended Galerkin Method
Authors: Meng Baochen , Lian Chencheng , Wang Ji , Jing Huimin , Wu Rongxing , Lin Ji , Elishakoff Isaac 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The nonlinear vibrations of elastic beams with large amplitudes are frequently treated as a typical problem of an elastica. As the continuation of the analysis of the deformation of an elastica, the nonlinear vibration equation of the elastic beam in the rotation angle of the cross section has been established. Using the deformation function, the nonlinear equation with the inertia effect has been solved by the newly proposed extended Galerkin method (EGM). The solution to the vibration problem of the elastica is compared with earlier approximate solutions including the frequencies and mode shapes obtained by other methods, and the rotation angle and energy of each mode at the high-order frequency are also calculated. This solution procedure provides an alternative technique to the elastica problem by the EGM with possible applications to other nonlinear problems in many fields of science and technology.
Influence of Unbalance and Differential Pressure on the Stability of Vertical Rotor-Seal System
Authors: Kimura Shogo , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Taura Hiroo , Heya Akira 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The rotordynamic (RD) fluid force generated in fluid elements such as seals in turbomachinery affects the stability of turbomachinery and causes shaft vibrations. Various studies have been conducted to clarify the effects of seals on the stability of rotor systems. Many studies have investigated the rotor dynamics of horizontal rotating shaft systems, considering the RD fluid force generated in the seals, and in these studies, the stability of horizontal rotating shaft systems has been assessed via eigenvalue analysis using RD coefficients. However, few studies have analyzed vertical rotating shaft systems. The dynamic behavior of vertical rotating shafts differs significantly from that of horizontal rotating shafts because the weight of the rotor does not act on the seal in a vertical rotating shaft system. Vertical rotating shaft systems are generally prone to instability because of the fluid film whirl, and the amplitude of the shaft whirl tends to be large. When the amplitude is large, the RD fluid force cannot be linearized around the equilibrium point using RD coefficients. Therefore, destabilization and stabilization phenomena that appear in vertical rotating shaft systems cannot be predicted using eigenvalue analysis. Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analysis that considers the interaction between the shaft vibration and the RD fluid force generated in seals is required to predict such phenomena. This study used FSI analysis to investigate the effects of unbalance and differential pressure on the stability of a vertical rotating shaft system subjected to RD fluid force generated in the seal.
Genome sequences of
Vibrio cholerae
strains isolated in the DRC between 2009 and 2012
Authors: Lemopoulos Alexandre , Miwanda Berthe , Drebes Dörr Natália C. , Stutzmann Sandrine , Bompangue Didier , Muyembe-Tamfum Jean-Jacques , Blokesch Melanie 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Vibrio cholerae
has caused seven cholera pandemics in the past two centuries. The seventh and ongoing pandemic has been particularly severe on the African continent. Here, we report long read-based genome sequences of six
V. cholerae
strains isolated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 2009 and 2012.
Characterization of a new
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Queuovirinae bacteriophage
Authors: Whiteley Lauren E. , Whiteley Marvin 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

The ESKAPEE pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is a common cause of chronic wound and cystic fibrosis lung infections, as well as acute burn and nosocomial infections. Many of these infections are recalcitrant to conventional antibiotic therapies due to both traditional antibiotic resistance mechanisms and antimicrobial tolerance. Recent successes with bacteriophage (phage) therapy to treat chronic human
P. aeruginosa
infections have led to a renewed interest in isolating and characterizing new
P. aeruginosa
phages. Here, we isolated and characterized a new lytic phage (termed PIP, pili-infecting phage) capable of infecting
P. aeruginosa
PA14. PIP is a tailed phage with an icosahedral head and flexible tail containing a genome that is 57,462 bp in length. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that PIP belongs to the subfamily Queuovirinae and genus Nipunavirus but is highly divergent in gene content from known Nipunaviruses. By isolating and characterizing a
P. aeruginosa
strain that spontaneously evolved resistance to PIP, we show that the receptor for PIP is Type IV pili. In summary, we isolated a new
P. aeruginosa
phage species with a unique genome, thus increasing the diversity of phages known to infect this important human pathogen.

IMPORTANCE

The opportunistic pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
causes both acute and chronic human infections. These infections are notoriously difficult to treat due to both antibiotic resistance and antibiotic tolerance. The increasing frequency of antibiotic failure in
P. aeruginosa
infections has led scientists to explore other treatment options, including bacteriophage (phage) therapy. To this end, there has been a significant effort to identify new
Pseudomonas
phages. Here, we isolated and characterized a bacteriophage (termed PIP, pili-infecting phage) that infects
P. aeruginosa
PA14. Examination of the PIP genome revealed that this phage represents a new species in the subclass Queuovirinae. The isolation and characterization of spontaneous PA14 mutants that are resistant to PIP infection revealed Type IV pili as the PIP receptor. Ultimately, this study characterizes a new species of
Pseudomonas
phage, thus enhancing the known diversity of phages that infect this important pathogen.
Identification of genetic determinants of bedaquiline resistance in
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
in Ural region, Russia
Authors: Umpeleva Tatiana , Chetverikova Elena , Belyaev Danila , Eremeeva Natalya , Boteva Tatiana , Golubeva Ludmila , Vakhrusheva Diana , Vasilieva Irina 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Collecting data on rare
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(
Mtb
) clinical isolates with resistance to the new anti-tuberculosis drug bedaquiline is an important task for improving antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods. Nanopore whole genome sequencing, the proportion method on Middlebrook 7H11 medium, and BACTEC MGIT 960 assays were used to analyze genotypic and phenotypic resistance to bedaquiline. We found four mutations:
atpE
I66M,
atpE
А63Р,
Rv0678
А36Т, and
Rv0678
S53P in five isolates with different levels of phenotypic bedaquiline resistance.

IMPORTANCE
Bedaquiline (BDQ) is a new anti-tuberculosis drug. The phenotypic and genotypic data describing the mechanism of drug resistance are critical for the design of rapid and accurate diagnostic tests. We consider that our work, which describes genotypic and phenotypic resistance to BDQ, can contribute to the standardization of drug susceptibility testing.
Effect of COVID-19 protective measures on the epidemiology characteristics of rotavirus, adenovirus, and coinfections among pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Zhou Jianming , Sun Yanhong 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Human rotavirus (RV) and adenovirus (AdV) have been recognized as common enteric viruses associated with viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children aged<5 years. However, with the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been suppressed due to various aggressive and effective anti-epidemic measures, the prevalence of other viruses has also been affected. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiological characterization of RV, AdV, and coinfections among children with AGE in a hospital in Hangzhou from 2019 to 2023. The overall changes, seasonal distribution, and age distribution of enteroviruses were analyzed based on 5 years of records. All data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0. A total of 102,049 samples were analyzed from January 2019 to August 2023, and among them 15,911 (15.59%) were positive specimens, 11,646 (11.41%) were RV-positive, 4,057 (3.98%) were AdV-positive, and 208 (0.20%) were coinfection. The positive rate among males was 15.54%, while among females was 15.66% with a male-to-female ratio of 1.42:1. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of enterovirus infection between males and females. Significant associations were found between the month group and RV/AdV infection, with RV detection peaking in winter (74.18%) and early spring (29.22%), while AdV has a high prevalence in summer (16.03%) and spring (12.71%). The age group was also found to be significantly associated with RV/AdV infection, with RV being most prevalent in the 1–3-year-old age group (16.99%), while AdV was highest in the 3–5-year-old age group (8.10%).

IMPORTANCE

This study highlights the epidemiological changes of rotavirus (RV), adenovirus (AdV), and coinfections in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) before, during, and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) periods. There was a highly statistically significant difference in the positive rates of RV-positive, AdV-positive, and coinfection (
P
< 0.001), indicating that RV remains the main pathogen causing AGE. It emphasizes the importance of continuous surveillance of RV and AdV at both local and global levels. Regular surveillance of prevalent rotavirus strains will facilitate the development of new inactivated rotavirus vaccines and aid in disease prevention and control.