bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of cabbage antioxidant system response on early infection stage of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
Authors: Liu Zeci , wang Jie , Yue Zhibin , Wang Jue , Dou Tingting , Chen Tongyan , Li Jinbao , Dai Haojie , Yu Jihua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Black rot, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) significantly affects the production of cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables. Plant antioxidant system plays an important role in pathogen invasion and is one of the main mechanisms underlying resistance to biological stress. Therefore, it is important to study the resistance mechanisms of the cabbage antioxidant system during the early stages of Xcc. In this study, Xcc race1 was inoculated on "zhonggan 11" cabbage using the spraying method. The effects of Xcc infection on the antioxidant system before and after Xcc inoculation were studied by physiological indexes determination and transcriptome and metabolome analyses. We concluded that early Xcc infection can destroy the balance of the active oxygen metabolism system, increase the generation of free radicals, and decrease the scavenging ability, leading to membrane lipid peroxidation, resulting in the destruction of the biofilm system and metabolic disorders. In response to Xcc infection, cabbage clears a series of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during Xcc infection via various antioxidant pathways. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) increased after Xcc infection, and the ROS scavenging rate increased. The biosynthesis of non-obligate antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH), is also enhanced after Xcc infection. Moreover, the alkaloid and vitamin contents increased significantly after Xcc infection. We concluded that cabbage could resist Xcc invasion by maintaining the stability of the cell membrane system and improving the biosynthesis of antioxidant substances and enzymes after infection by Xcc. Our results provide a theoretical basis for subsequent research on the cabbage’s resistance mechanism to Xcc.
Isolation and characterization of lytic bacteriophages from various sources in Addis Ababa against antimicrobial-resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains and evaluation of their therapeutic Potential
Authors: Sada Tamirat Salile , Tessema Tesfaye Sisay 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Escherichia coli is a common fecal coliform, facultative aerobic, gram-negative bacterium. Pathogenic strains of such microbes have evolved to cause diarrhea, urinary tract infections, and septicemias. The emergence of antibiotic resistance urged the identification of an alternative strategy. The use of lytic bacteriophages against the control of pathogenic E. coli in clinics and different environmental setups (waste and drink water management) has become an alternative therapy to antibiotic therapy. Thus, this study aimed to isolate and characterize lytic bacteriophage from various sources in Addis Ababa, tested them against antimicrobial-resistant diarrheagenic E. coli strains and evaluated their therapeutic potential under in vitro conditions. A total of 14 samples were processed against six different diarrheagenic E. coli strains. The conventional culture and plaque analysis agar overlay method was used to recover lytic bacteriophage isolates. The phage isolates were characterized to determine their lytic effect, growth characteristics, host range activity and stability under different temperature and pH conditions. Phage isolates were identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and molecular techniques (PCR). In total, 17 phages were recovered from 84 tested plates. Of the 17 phage isolates, 11 (65%) were Myoviridae-like phages, and 6 (35%) phage isolates were Podoviridae and Siphoviridae by morphology and PCR identification. Based on the host range test, growth characteristics and stability test 7 potent phages were selected. These phages demonstrated better growth characteristics, including short latent periods, highest burst sizes, and wider host ranges, as well as thermal stability and the ability to survive in a wide range of pH levels. The promising effect of these phages against AMR pathogens has raised the possibility of their use in the biological control of bacterial infections.
YouTube as a Source of Recognizing Acute Stroke; Progress in 2 years
Authors: özdemir zeynep , acar erkan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
YouTube™ has a great role in providing information, which includes educational videos, to more than 2 billion users, making it the second most popular application in the world. BE-FAST is a modified version of the FAST mnemonic and is used to detect acute ischemic stroke by the patients or their relatives. The purpose of this study is to assess the overall usefulness of the information of YouTube in acute stroke patients.
Methods
YouTube was searched for the following five terms: “stroke”, ‘‘stroke diagnosis”, “stroke signs”, “brain attack” and “what is stroke” in November 2021 and May 2023, separately. Two independent neurology specialists scored each video by using Global Quality Scale (GQS).
Results
Among the total of 150 videos, the number that met inclusion criteria was 91 for the November 2021 search and 104 for the May 2023 search. For the 2021 search, in 30 videos (33%), the FAST mnemonic or its contents were noticed, whereas BE-FAST was mentioned in only four videos (4.4%). For the 2023 search, the FAST mnemonic or its contents were noticed in 36 videos (34.6%) and BE-FAST was mentioned in 11 videos (10.6%). Among the 2021 and 2023 searches, the mean GQS values were 3.09 and 2.96 points, 50 (54.8%) vs 56 (53.8%) videos rated 3.5 points or higher (high quality), respectively. GQS scores of the videos mentioning balance, eyes, face, arms, speech, and time, the basic and further information about radiology and treatment, and mentioning FAST, BE-FAST, and TPA were significantly higher.
Conclusion
We conclude that YouTube is not yet useful enough to detect acute ischemic stroke, though has made positive progress with the developing use of social media for healthcare information and education.
MicroRNA-297 exerts angiogenesis and cardioprotection after myocardial infarction via through targeting FTO-dependent m6A
Authors: Sun Tong , Zhang Qian , Wang Lingzhun , Zhu Junfeng , Han Jie , Zhao Xinsui , Chen Xiaohu , Tang Shuhua , Chen Jiandong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Emerging evidence suggests that microRNA (miRNA) and m6A RNA methylation are involved Pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction. However, the potential role of m6A in regulating ischemic cardiac regeneration and angiogenesis remains unclear. In this study, the effects of our microRNA-297 (miR-297) on myocardial infarction and endothelial cell damage.
Methods
The intermodulation of miR-297/FTO/VEGF axes was verified by RT-qPCR, western blotting, m6A quantitative assay and Di luciferase reporter detection. At the same time, the expression, function and prognosis of miR-297 in myocardial infarction were studied through RT-qPCR, western blotting and rescue experiments.
Results
In this study, we identified the downregulation of m6A demethylase FTO and miR-297 in cardiac and hypoxia-induced HUVEC cells after myocardial infarction. The expression of miR-297 significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, while knocked down miR-297 had the opposite effect. After myocardial infarction in mice, forced expression of miR-297 by adeno-associated virus significantly decreases expression of VEGF and weakens cardiac function, while simultaneous increased expression of FTO can reverse this effect. Thus, a feedback loop containing the miR-297/FTO/VEGF axis is formed.
Conclusion
miRNA is involved in m6A-mediated cardiac protection. Determining the role of m6A-regulated miRNAs in cardiac protection may provide new therapeutic and preventive targets for ischemic heart disease.
A landscape of energy metabolism as essential role in apical hook development of Arabidopsis etiolated seedlings
Authors: chen Jiahong , Yang Lei , Wang Yuan , Zhang Hehua , Ruan junbin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Dicotyledonous plants form an apical hook structure in attempt to protect their young cotyledons from mechanical damage as they break out from the coarse soil. In agricultural production, farmers sometimes apply glucose to the soil to improve plant growth performance. Here, we found that the energy molecules, such as sucrose and glucose, play an essential role in the apical hook development. When sucrose and glucose were available, the apical hooks were able to be sustained longer compared to that grown in sugar-free conditions. And this phenomenon is dose-dependent. Several energy metabolisms pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, play highly important roles in the apical hook development. Furthermore, RNA-seq data showed that the genes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism were up-regulated in plants grown in sugar-free conditions compared to that grown in sugar-treated plants, while genes related to phenylpropanoid metabolism were down-regulated. Our study demonstrated the important role of energy metabolism during the apical hook development of Arabidopsisetiolated seedlings.
Functional analysis of a wheat class III peroxidase gene, TaPer12-3A, in seed dormancy and germination
Authors: Gao Wei , Jiang Yating , Yang Xiaohu , Li Ting , Zhang Litian , Yan Shengnan , Cao Jiajia , Lu Jie , Ma Chuanxi , Chang Cheng , Zhang Hai-ping 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Class III peroxidases (PODs) perform crucial functions in various developmental processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, their roles in wheat seed dormancy (SD) and germination remain elusive.
Results
Here, we identified a wheat class III POD gene, named TaPer12-3A, based on transcriptome data and expression analysis. TaPer12-3A showed decreasing and increasing expression trends with SD acquisition and release, respectively. It was highly expressed in wheat seeds and localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasm. Germination tests were performed using transgenic Arabidopsis and rice lines as well as wheat mutant mutagenized with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) in a Jing 411 (J411) background. These tests indicated that TaPer12-3A negatively regulated SD and positively mediated germination. Further studies showed that TaPer12-3A maintained H2O2 homeostasis by scavenging excess H2O2 and participated in the biosynthesis and catabolism of gibberellic acid and abscisic acid to regulate SD and germination.
Conclusion
These findings not only provide new insights for future functional analysis of TaPer12-3A in regulating wheat SD and germination but also provide a target gene for breeding wheat varieties with high SD and pre-harvest sprouting resistance by gene editing technology.
Sirolimus-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity without Recurrence more than 8 Years after Everolimus Replacement in a Renal Transplant Patient with Recurrent Skin SCC: A Case Report
Authors: Ghasemi Golsa , Shahidi Shahrzad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: IP (Interstitial Pneumonitis) is one of the pulmonary complications associated with mTOR-Is (mammalian Target of Rapamycin-Inhibitors). Sirolimus and Everolimus belong to mTOR-Is. According to studies, IP is caused by both.
Case presentation: We want to present a case of IP after 50 months of Sirolimus consumption. Sirolimus was discontinued, and Cyclosporine was started. Thirty-seven months later, Everolimus was prescribed as an alternative to Cyclosporine due to the recurrence of skin SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma). Fortunately, no respiratory manifestations were seen after more than 8 years of Everolimus consumption.
Conclusions: In conclusion, in cases with Sirolimus-induced IP, discontinuation of Sirolimus and replacement with Everolimus are recommended after resolving clinical symptoms and pulmonary lesions.
Penoscrotal Transposition: Long-term Outcome in 29 Patients
Authors: Perez Dolev , Kocherov Stanislav , Jaber Gaudat , Raisin Galiya , Chertin Boris 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
Penoscrotal transposition (PST) is a rare anomaly of the external genitalia characterized by malposition of the penis in relation to the scrotum. This transposition may be partial or complete and may be associated with hypospadias and chordee, as well as other anomalies. We have reviewed our experience with the surgical repair of PST utilizing a modified Glenn-Anderson technique.
Material and Methods
Twenty-nine patients with a median age of 5.6 years (8 months -15 years) underwent surgical repair of PST at our institution between 2004-2022. Of those, 20 (69%) had complete PST, while 9 (31%) had partial PST. All children were divided into three groups; In the first group of 8 (28%) children, repair of PST was an integral part of one-stage male genitoplasty; in the second group of 18 (62%) children, repair of PST was an isolated last stage of the staged hypospadias repair, and the remaining 3 (10%) children underwent PST repair without the presence of hypospadias. All patients underwent modification of the Glenn-Anderson technique involving utilization of bilateral rotational advancement scrotal flap, complete de-tethering of the testis from the internal part of the scrotum when indicated, and relocation of the scrotal compartment in a normal dependent position. The follow-up ranged from 6 months to 18 years.
Results
In the first group, five children (62%) underwent Onlay Prepucial Island Pedicle Flap (OIF) hypospadias repair, and three (38%) underwent Long Tubularized Incised Plate Repair (TIP).
In the second group, 8 (44%) underwent OIF hypospadias repair, 2 (12%) had Long TIP repair, and the remaining 8 (44%) underwent staged hypospadias repair. Post-operative Clavien Dindo grade III presented among three patients in group I and only in one patient in group II. In the third group, no postoperative complications were observed.
Conclusions
Our data show that penoscrotal transposition correction utilizing the Glenn-Anderson technique is a reliable and durable surgery in the pediatric population. These children require careful monitoring till adolescence to ensure that no re-operation is needed.
Ecological differentiation of the halophyte Suaeda salsa under different habitat conditions
Authors: Wang Zhaohua , Pan Jiankun , Gao Ting , Wang Qiang , Zhou Daquan , Dong Xiaoyu , Yang Hongxiao , Zhang Xinfang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Suaeda salsa serves as an excellent species for environmental remediation in saline-alkali areas. However, its ecological differentiation in different habitats is not clear. Therefore, plant samples of S. salsa from two main habitats in northern China, including populations of saltmarshes and inland were collected, and their differences in external morphology, gene and chemical composition were comprehensively compared. The results showed 1) the basic composition of various organs of S. salsa plants in two habitats was consistent, but there were certain differences in height, color, size, etc. 2) 102 psbA-trnH sequences of S. salsa under different habitats belonged to two distinct haplotypes, with a high level of intraspecific genetic variation. The NJ phylogenetic tree analysis revealed the psbA-trnH sequence successfully distinguished 105 samples of S. salsa from two different habitats. 3) A total of 699 differential metabolites were detected in the two different habitats of S. salsa. The results showed that S. salsa populations were morphologically, genetically and chemically differentiated in different habitats, but there was no substantial difference in the characteristics of reproductive organs. Based on the above analysis, we concluded that S. salsa produced different ecotypes at morphological, genetic and chemical levels to adapt to different habitats.
The usefulness of the MALDI TOF MS technique in the determination of dairy samples microbial composition – comparison of new EXS 2600 system with MALDI Biotyper platform
Authors: Czeszewska-Rosiak Grażyna , Złoch Michał , Radosińska Monika , Florkiewicz Aleksandra Bogumiła , Tretyn Andrzej , Pomastowski Paweł 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study compared the EXS 2600 system with the MALDI Biotyper for identifying microorganisms in dairy samples. Of the 196 bacterial isolates from milk, whey, buttermilk, cream, and dairy wastewater, the species and genus consistent identification between two systems showed 74% and 99%, respectively. However, the microorganism’s species identification rate exhibited distinct difference of Zybio 76.0% higher than Bruker 66.8%. Notably, the EXS 2600 system performed better with certain yeast species and H. alvei, while the Biotyper excelled with Pseudomonas bacteria. Unique microbial compositions were found in 85% of dairy samples, with whey and buttermilk having the highest diversity. This research highlights the EXS 2600's potential as a reliable dairy microbial identification tool and underscores the need for a more diverse and comprehensive spectral database, despite the database's focus on clinical applications (as announced ).
Survival and hormone production of isolated mouse follicles in three-dimensional artificial scaffolds after stimulation with bpV(HOpic)
Authors: Keckstein Philip , Dittrich Ralf , Bleisinger Nathalie , Hoffmann Inge , Beckmann Matthias W. , Gebhardt Albrecht , Schmid Benjamin , Keckstein Simon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
To preserve fertility before gonadotoxic therapy, ovarian tissue can be removed, cryopreserved, and transplanted back again after treatment. An alternative is the artificial ovary, in which the ovarian follicles are extracted from the tissue, which reduces the risk of reimplantation of poten-tially remaining malignant cells. The PTEN inhibitor bpV(HOpic) has been shown to activate human and bovine ovarian follicles, and it is therefore considered a promising substance for de-veloping the artificial ovary.
Methods:
A comparative analysis was performed, studying four different groups that differed either in the scaffold (polycaprolactone scaffold versus polyethylene terephthalate membrane) or in the medium — bpV(HOpic) versus control medium. The observation period was 10 days. On days 2, 6, and 10, the viability and morphology of the mice follicles were checked using fluorescence or confocal microscopy. Furthermore, hormone levels of estrogen (pmol/L) and progesterone (nmol/L) were determined.
Results:
When comparing the survival rates (SR) of follicles among the four groups, it was observed that on day 6, the study groups utilizing the polycaprolactone scaffold with bpV(HOpic) in the me-dium (SR: 0.48 ± 0.18) or functionalized in the scaffold (SR: 0.50 ± 0.20) exhibited significantly higher survival rates compared to the group using only the polyethylene terephthalate membrane (SR: 0.34 ± 0.15). On day 10, a significantly higher survival rate was only noted when comparing the polycaprolactone scaffold with bpV(HOpic) in the medium to the polyethylene terephthalate membrane group (SR: 0.38 ± 0.20 versus 0.21 ± 0.11). Higher levels of progesterone were partly associated with better survival rates, but only reached significance in the group with the poly-caprolactone scaffold functionalized with bpV(HOpic).
Conclusion:
This study demonstrates that three-dimensional polycaprolactone scaffolds improve the survival rates of isolated mice follicles in comparison with a conventional PET membrane. Higher rates of progesterone were also partly associated with improved survival.
Optimize the use of antibiotics in the neonatal intensive care unit: an interrupted time series study
Authors: Zhang Yuanzhen , Chen Li , Chen Xiuping , Li Shiyi , Wang Pengbo , Zhang Yuqin , Nie xiaojing , Chen Guangming 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: This study aims to monitor and evaluate the use of antibiotics in neonates over a 22-month period. The goal is to inform antibiotic stewardship strategies in level 3 neonatal intensive care units (NICU), identify scenarios where antibiotic use could be reduced, and implement interventions while ensuring safety.
Methods: Children admitted to NICU from January 1, 2020, to October 31, 2021, constituted the baseline group, while those admitted from November 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, formed the intervention group. We employed an interrupted time series to analyze variables including the duration of antibiotic use, length of hospital stay, incidence of hospital-acquired infections, and antibiotic resistance in both groups.
Results: The study involved a total of 1678 infants, with 1138 in the baseline period and 540 in the intervention period. Analysis of antibiotic utilization in patients during the baseline period revealed statistically significant differences in factors such as positive maternal GBS colonization, mechanical ventilation, prematurity, asphyxia resuscitation, premature rupture of membranes at term exceeding 24 hours, elevated inflammatory markers exclusively, and amniotic fluid III° contamination. The rate of antibiotic use decreased from 182.2 days per 1000 patient days in the baseline period to 31.6 days per 1000 patient days in the intervention period. Additionally, the duration of hospitalization, occurrences of nosocomial infections, and the percentage of multidrug-resistant bacteria in blood cultures were significantly lower in the baseline period.
Conclusion: In cases of suspected EOS in children where clear evidence of infection is lacking, judicious administration of antibiotics is recommended. This is particularly important in situations involving pregnant mothers with positive GBS colonization, preterm delivery, contaminated amniotic fluid, elevated inflammatory markers exclusively, premature rupture of membranes in term infants exceeding 24 hours, resuscitation for asphyxia, and mechanical ventilation. Such careful use of antibiotics may lead to a reduction in the duration of antibiotic treatment, a decrease in the occurrence of nosocomial infections, and a lower prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms.
Intrathecal pemetrexed in patients with EGFR-TKI resistant refractory leptomeningeal metastasis lung adenocarcinoma : a retrospective study
Authors: Yao Rongrong , Lin Hao , Li Jing , Ge Mengxi , Wang Qing , Liang Xiaohua , Zhou Xinli 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The incidence of meningeal metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutation is increasing annually. Refractory meningeal metastasis following EGFR-TKI resistance has no effective treatment and a lethal complication of tumors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential antitumor efficacy and safety of intrathecal pemetrexed in patients with EGFR-TKI resistance refractory meningeal metastasis. From November 1, 2020 to November 1 2022, a total of 10 patients were enrolled in the study, and all patients underwent NGS and CEA testing of cerebrospinal fluid. The patients had entered the stage of symptomatic and supportive treatment before intrathecal pemetrexed, experienced EGFR-TKI resistance, systemic intravenous chemotherapy and bevacizumab treatment previously. Intrathecal pemetrexed was well-effective and tolerated, occurring at the 20mg or 40mg once a week dose. The disease control rate of intrathecal injection was 88.8% (8/9); 10% (1/10) had negative cerebrospinal fluid cytology; concurrently, the quality of life (QoL)score improved, and cerebrospinal fluid CEA decreased. The median PFS of intrathecal injection was five months, and the median OS was 8.15 months. Ninety percent of patients experienced adverse events of varying degrees, with nausea, vomiting, and myelosuppression being the most common. The incidence of grade three or higher adverse events was 40% (4/10), primarily myelosuppression, which improved after systemic treatment; no treatment-related deaths occurred.This study suggests intrathecal pemetrexed can be used for salvage treatment of refractory meningeal metastatic in EGFR-TKI resistant lung adenocarcinoma.