bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of recombinant factor VIIa to treat persistent bleeding following dental extractions in two cirrhotic patients
Authors: Berthier A.‐M. , Guillygomarc’h A. , Messner M. , Pommereuil M. , Bader G. , De Mello G. 
Published: March 2003

Background and Objectives A single dose of recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) has been shown to be effective and safe in correcting the prothrombin time (PT) in cirrhotic patients, but no clinical data exists demonstrating its efficacy in arresting active bleeding.Materials and Methods rFVIIa was used in two cirrhotic patients for persistent bleeding following dental extractions despite repeated treatment at the wound site and, in one case, repeated administrations of fresh‐frozen plasma (FFP).Results Bleeding stopped promptly in both patients after administration of rFVIIa. However, bleeding recurred in the patient who had not received concomitant treatment at the extraction sites. No recurrence of bleeding was observed in the second patient, who underwent local treatment 15 min after rFVIIa.Conclusions Recombinant factor VIIa arrested bleeding after dental extractions in two cirrhotic patients who had been unsuccessfully treated with FFP. However, additional local treatment is needed to limit the risk of recurrence as a result of the short half‐life of rFVIIa.
Back‐priming of the RCM1™ leucocyte‐reduction filter: consequences for filtration efficacy
Authors: Kjeldsen‐Kragh J. , Golebiowska E. 
Published: March 2003

Background and Objectives The RCM1™ leucocyte‐reduction filter has been incorporated into two types of blood‐donation sets of which one uses back‐priming of the leucocyte filter with SAG‐M solution. In this study we have compared the leucocyte‐reduction efficacy of the RCM1™ filter with or without back priming with SAG‐M solution.Materials and Methods This study was a retrospective analysis of quality control data of 3529 leucocyte‐filtered red cell units. Of these, 1002 whole‐blood units were collected in a donation set that was back‐primed by letting the SAG‐M solution in the final storage bag run backwards through the filter into the bag of concentrated red cells. The remaining 2527 units were collected in a donation set that required no back‐priming. Postfiltration leucocyte concentration was assessed using flow cytometry.Results There was a significant trend towards lower leucocyte concentration in the units in which back‐priming of the filter preceded filtration, as compared to units filtered without back‐priming [χ2trend= 18·8, degrees of freedom (d.f.) = 1, P < 0·0005].Conclusions Back‐priming of the RCM1™ filter for red cells with SAG‐M solution is superior to no back‐priming with regard to leucocyte‐reduction efficacy.
Allogeneic blood transfusion and postoperative duration of mechanical ventilation: effects of red cell supernatant, platelet supernatant, plasma components and total transfused fluid
Authors: Vamvakas E. C. , Carven J. H. 
Published: March 2003

Background and Objectives In patients undergoing open‐heart surgery, allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) may be related to an enhanced inflammatory response and impaired pulmonary function, resulting in a need for prolonged mechanical ventilation. Transfused red blood cell (RBC) supernatant, platelet supernatant or plasma components, may exercise varying effects on pulmonary function, because these fluids differ in their content of soluble biological‐response modifiers.Materials and Methods The records of 416 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft operations at the Massachusetts General Hospital were reviewed. Possible predictors and the number of days of postoperative ventilation, as well as the number of all transfused blood components, were recorded. The association between mechanical ventilation past the day of operation and the volume of transfused RBC supernatant, platelet supernatant, or plasma components, was calculated by logistic regression analyses.Results The volume of each transfused fluid differed (P < 0·0001) among patients ventilated for 0, 1, 2, 3, or ≥ 4 days after the day of the operation. After adjusting for the effects of confounding factors, the volume of administered RBC supernatant was associated (P = 0·0312) with the likelihood of postoperative ventilation past the day of operation, but the volume of platelet supernatant, plasma components, or total transfused fluid was not (P = 0·1528, P = 0·1847, and P = 0·0504, respectively).Conclusions These results are congruent with the hypotheses that ABT may impair postoperative pulmonary function and that any such adverse effect of ABT is probably mediated by the supernatant fluid of stored RBCs. Both hypotheses should be examined further, in future studies of the outcomes of ABT.
Removal of T and B lymphocytes by in‐line filtration: evaluation of the efficiency of a polyester filter type (Pall WBF‐2) by flow cytometric counting
Authors: Guber S. E. , Neumüller J. , Schwartz D. W. M. , Köhler M. , Mayr W. R. 
Published: March 2003

Background and Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate whether in‐line filtration, using a polyester filter for the preparation of red cell concentrates (RCC) and plasma (PL), leads to an altered proportion of T and B lymphocytes in the fraction of residual white blood cells (WBC).Materials and Methods The capacity of Pall WBF‐2 in‐line filters to reduce the numbers of T and B lymphocytes from red blood cell concentrates (RCC) and plasma (PL) of 22 donations was investigated by three‐colour flow cytometry (FC) using the Tritest‐Trucount kit. T and B lymphocytes were identified using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against CD3, CD19 and CD45, conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate, phycoerythrin or peridinin chlorophyll protein‐A, respectively. As the number of B cells was below the detection limit of the FC method, WBC of the respective blood components of healthy donors were concentrated 25‐fold by Percoll density‐gradient centrifugation. In this fraction the absolute numbers of T and B cells, as well as their ratio, were determined using the Attractor software, which provides a discrimination of rare cell counts from FC in relation to debris.Results The mean numbers, as well as minima and maxima of T and B lymphocytes per unit, were as follows. T cells in RCC: 4·51 × 103 (1·68 × 102−4·09 × 104) and in PL: 1·35 × 103 (2·21–1·78 × 104); B cells in RCC: 2·33 × 103 (7·10 × 101−9·15 × 103) and in PL: 2·33 × 102 (7·5 × 102−2·8 × 103). T cells were retained, on average, at a higher level than B cells: 3·01 times higher in RCC and 1·01 times higher in PL.Conclusion After filtration, the ratio of T and B lymphocytes changed in RCC (1·95 : 1) compared with unfiltered blood, where it was 5·83 : 1. In PL the ratio did not change notably compared to unfiltered blood. The results of this research show that cell concentration (using gradient centrifugation) in combination with an appropriate FC acquisition and analysis procedure, allows both residual T and B lymphocytes (being under the detection limit without cell concentration) to be determined.
The influence of platelet additive solutions on cytokine levels and complement activation in platelet concentrates during storage
Authors: Cardigan R. , Sutherland J. , Wadhwa M. , Dilger P. , Thorpe R. 
Published: March 2003

Background and Objectives The accumulation of platelet‐derived cytokines in platelet concentrates (PC) during storage may contribute towards non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions (NHTR). We investigated the effect of platelet storage medium on platelet activation, complement activation and cytokine levels in leucocyte‐reduced PC.Materials and Methods Hyperconcentrated platelets (3000–6000 × 109/l) were collected by apheresis and diluted in 100% plasma, 70% PASIII, or 70% or 80% PASIII supplemented with magnesium and potassium (PAS IIIM).Results Levels of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and regulated on activation, normal, T‐cell expressed, and secreted (RANTES) increased during storage, as did the expression of P‐selectin (CD62P), and were highest in PC stored in PASIII. In PC stored in PASIIIM, however, levels of TGF‐β and RANTES were not significantly different from PC stored in plasma. Levels of CD62P expression, however, remained higher in PASIIIM PC than in those stored in plasma by day 5, but were lower than PC stored in PASIII. C3a des arg levels increased during storage in all media with the exception of PASIII and, on day 7, were higher in PC stored in plasma compared to PC stored in the other media.Conclusions Our results indicate that replacing plasma in PC with unmodified PASIII for storage results in higher levels of platelet‐derived cytokines in PC. Furthermore, it appears that the nature of the medium used for storage of PC has a significant impact on platelet activation and cytokine levels of the PC. These implications should be taken into account when considering replacement of plasma with PAS.
Field treatment of search dogs: lessons learned from the World Trade Center disaster
Authors: Otto Cynthia M , Franz Marc A , Kellogg Barry , Lewis Rick , Murphy Lisa , Lauber Gerald 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjective:To provide a synthesis of information learned by the veterinary community during the care and treatment of search and rescue dogs in a large‐scale urban disaster.Summary:Disaster medicine requires several stages. The most important stage is the planning stage. To function effectively and safely in a disaster situation, a disaster response plan and prior training in disaster response are essential. The execution of a disaster plan requires coordination and communication with multiple agencies. Treatment of search and rescue dogs involves front line field care for life‐threatening emergencies, a first aid station or MASH unit in close proximity to the disaster and/or base of operations for stabilization and general medical care, and local full service veterinary hospitals for specialty and extended care.New or Unique information provided:This report is a summary of experiences gained in preparing for and implementing veterinary care in a major disaster. Medical conditions that affected search and rescue dogs and were treated by veterinary disaster responders at the World Trade Center are presented.
Cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation in small animals – a clinical practice review (Part 1)
Authors: Cole Steven G. , Otto Cynthia M. , Hughes Dez 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjective:To review the principles and practice of cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) in veterinary medicine, and to incorporate recommendations from the human International Guidelines 2000 Conference on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.Data sources:Clinical and experimental studies from the human and veterinary literature were reviewed for this manuscript.Summary:CPCR consists of basic life support measures, advanced life support measures, and post‐resuscitation care. Part I of this article introduces the evidence‐based recommendations from human medicine and reviews basic life support, which consists of establishing a patent airway, providing assisted ventilation, and performing chest compressions. The techniques for both closed chest and open chest CPCR are discussed. Part II of this article will appear in a following issue and will focus on advanced life support and post‐resuscitation care.Conclusions:Although the prognosis of animals receiving CPCR is generally poor, the likelihood of a successful outcome is improved by the rapid recognition of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) and the immediate implementation of CPCR efforts. Basic life support measures are the foundation of all CPCR, and these techniques offer the most effective means to achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Some recent recommendations to improve basic life support in humans may be applied to veterinary patients; however, clinical research evaluating these techniques in veterinary CPCR is still necessary.
Craniofacial anthropometry of Hong Kong Chinese babies: the eye
Authors: Fok TF , Hon KL , So HK , Wong E , Ng PC , Lee AKY , Chang A 
Published: March 2003

Structured Abstract Authors – Fok TF, Hon KL, So HK, Wong E, Ng PC, Lee AKY, Chang A.Objectives – To provide a database of the canthal measurements of Chinese infants born in Hong Kong.Design – Prospective cross‐sectional study.Setting and Sample Population – A total of 2371 healthy singleton, born consecutively at the Prince of Wales Hospital and the Union Hospital from June 1998 to June 2000, were included in the study. The range of gestation was 33 – 42 weeks.Measurements and Results – Canthal parameters were measured and included the outer canthal distance (OCD), intercanthal distance (ICD) and palpebral fissure length (PFL). The data generally show higher values for males in the parameters measured. The measurements were also compared with data published overseas. PFL and OCD were significantly larger in Hong Kong Chinese newborn babies, whereas ICD was smaller.Conclusion – This study establishes the first set of gestational age‐specific standard of such craniofacial parameters for Chinese newborn babies, potentially enabling early syndromal diagnosis. There are significant inter‐racial differences in these canthal parameters.
Contributions to the Analysis of Genotype × Environment Interactions: Comparison of Different Parametric and Non‐parametric Tests for Interactions with Emphasis on Crossover Interactions
Authors: Truberg B. , Hühn M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare five statistical procedures (analysis of variance, the Azzalini/Cox test, the Hildebrand procedure, the Kubinger approach, and the de Kroon/van der Laan technique) for the analysis of genotype × environment interactions in cross‐classified data sets from cultivar performance yield trials with rows = cultivars and columns = environments (locations and/or years). The procedures Hildebrand, Kubinger and de Kroon/van der Laan are non‐parametric methods based on ranks, while analysis of variance and the Azzalini/Cox test proceed from the original absolute yield data. These very different statistical techniques were applied to extensive data sets from German official registration trials (1985–1989) with winter oilseed rape (Brassica napusL.), faba bean (Vicia fabaL.), oat (Avena sativaL.), fodder beet (Beta vulgarisL.) and sugar beet (Beta vulgarisL.). The Azzalini/Cox and de Kroon/van der Laan methods are based on the crossover concept of interaction (different rank orders) while the other methods are based on the usual concept of interaction (deviations from additivity of main effects). For an analysis of usual interactions the procedures Hildebrand, Kubinger and analysis of variance are approximately equivalent. For the crossover concept of interaction, the Azzalini/Cox approach is recommended, especially if one is particularly interested in rank changes between environments within genotypes.
N2O‐Freisetzung auf gemähtem Dauergrünland in Abhängigkeit von Standort und N‐Düngung
Authors: Hoffmann Ch. , Anger M. , Kühbauch W. 
Published: March 2003

N2O Emissions from True Meadows Dependent on Location and N Fertilization Agricultural production is thought to be a main anthropogenic emitter of nitrous oxide (N2O), which contributes to global warming and the destruction of the ozone layer. There is still considerable uncertainty about the amount of N2O emission, and the site‐specific parameters that affect N2O emission. From October 1995 until March 1998 experiments were conducted at established field plots (true meadows) at three different sites, i.e. low mountain range (Eifel), lowland (Niederrhein), and moist meadows (Münsterland). Plots were fertilized with calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) at nitrogen equivalents ranging from 0 to 360 kg N ha–1. N2O fluxes were measured throughout the whole year using the closed‐chamber method. In addition, data on temperature, water‐filled pore space and precipitation were collected. N2O emission rates (mg N2O‐N ha–1 h–1) were highest either after fertilizer application or in winter during frost, depending on the experimental site and N dosage. The annual amount of N losses due to N2O emission was dependent on the experimental site and the type and dosage of fertilizer. Disregarding the 360 kg N ha–1 level of the CAN treatments, the N losses in this experiment were less than 1.5 kg N2O‐N ha–1 yr–1. At low fertilizer dosage there was no reliable correlation between the amount of N that was applied and the amount of N2O that was emitted. However, with high fertilizer levels the N2O emissions increased gradually. Finally, N2O emissions were more influenced by the amount of CAN than by the site.
Effect of Striga hermonthica on the Growth Characteristics of Sorghum Intercropped with Groundnut Varieties
Authors: Tenebe V. A. , Kamara H. M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractField experiments were conducted in 1996 and 1997 on a Striga‐infested field to determine the effect of Striga on the growth characteristics of sorghum intercropped with groundnut varieties (RMP‐12, Yarkasa and Ex‐Dakar). The performance of the intercropped sorghum was significantly better than that of the monoculture in terms of plant height, dry matter, leaf number and leaf area index. Intercropping of sorghum with RMP‐12 resulted in a significant suppression of Striga compared to other groundnut varieties. The dry matter yield of sorghum intercropped with groundnut was significantly higher than that of the sorghum monocrop. The dry matter yield resulting from intercropping of sorghum with the RMP‐12 groundnut variety was significantly higher than that of sorghum intercropped with all other varieties of groundnut.
Association between Yield and Carbon Isotope Discrimination Value in Different Organs of Durum Wheat Under Drought
Authors: Merah O. , Deléens E. , Teulat B. , Monneveux P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractCarbon isotope discrimination (Δ) has been proposed as a selection criterion for transpiration efficiency and grain yield in drought‐prone environments for several C3 species, including cereals. Δ analysis, however, has mainly been concerned with grain or culm tissues and little work has been devoted to other organs. The objective of this study was to describe Δ variation in different organs and to examine the relationships between Δ and grain yield across environments. Six durum wheat genotypes with contrasted grain Δ were cultivated under rainfed conditions during three successive years at Montpellier (South of France). Δ was measured on flag leaf, stalk, awns, chaff and rachis sampled at anthesis and maturity, and on mature grain. Higher genotypic variation and closer correlation with yield were noted for grain Δ compared to other plant parts. The genotype ranking across years was more consistent for grain Δ than for other organs. Consequently, the grain seems the most effective plant part for Δ analysis in durum wheat under Mediterranean conditions. The study of Δ variation in other organs may be useful, however, to evaluate the contribution of those organs to grain filling and final yield according to environmental conditions.
Two‐step versus joint analysis of Von Bertalanffy function
Authors: Varona L. , Moreno C. , Cortés L. A. García , Yagüe G. , Altarriba J. 
Published: March 2003

IntroductionAnimal growth has been modelled using several mathematical functions (Logistic, Von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, etc.). These functions are described by a reduced number of parameters. In some cases, these parameters are assigned a biological interpretation (adult weight, maturing rate, etc.) and so the breeding goal can be closely related to the change of performance in these parameters, with the objective of altering the shape of the growth curve. In this sense, some studies have been focused on the estimation of (co)variance components of these parameters (B rown et al. 1976; F
itzbugh 1976; D
e N
ise and B
rinks 1985; K
oenen and G
roen 1996).These studies are based on a two‐step procedure. In the first step, a growth curve is fitted separately to the data of each individual animal, afterwards, a mixed model analysis is applied to obtain (co)variance components. In this second step the estimates of production function parameters from the previous step are taken as records.Recently, V arona et al. (1997, 1998) have described a Bayesian procedure which allows the particular parameters of any production function to be estimated jointly and the (co)variance components between them. This procedure provides a considerable advantage over Maximun Likelihood approaches to joint analysis (Z
ucker et al. 1995) and makes use of all the available information. The aim of this study is to compare both procedures in a simulation scheme under the assumption of the Von Bertalanffy growth function.
Genetic relationships among taurine (Bos taurus) and zebu (Bos indicus) populations as revealed by blood groups and blood proteins
Authors: Ceriotti G. , Caroli A. , Rizzi R. , Crimella C. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryGenetic relationships among nine cattle populations (Bos indicus and Bos taurus) were investigated using blood group antigenic factors and biochemical loci, for a total of 46 polymorphisms. All the analysed breeds live in hot climatesof Africa (Azaouak, Adamawa‐Gudali, Small East African Zebu, Surqo, Brown Atlas, N'Dama, Somba), Central America (Carora), and Italy (Modicana). The study was carried out on 891 unrelated animals. Average heterozygosity ranged between 0.25 and 0.31 and showed higher values in B. indicus (zebu) populations (Azaouak, Adamawa‐Gudali, Small East African Zebu, Surqo). Genetic distances between breeds were used for dendrogram construction. Two main clusters shared B. taurus and B. indicus. Within taurine (B. taurus) breeds, European or European like taurine populations (Modicana, Brown Atlas and Carora) clustered together, most probably because of the consistent presence of Brown Swiss genes in all of them. Another cluster involved the two African taurine populations (N'Dama and Somba). Multivariate analyses (Principal Component Analysis, Correspondence Analysis) of the allelic frequencies confirmed the breed clustering obtained. Overall relationships among breeds reflected remarkable genetic affinity between some of them.