bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between body composition standards and eating disorder medical claims among active-duty service women
Authors: Korona-Bailey Jessica , Banaag Amanda , Walker Jasmine , Fortin Stephanie , Eyeler Megan , Koehlmoos Tracey Pérez 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Eating disorders are a worldwide public health concern with the United States having a particularly high prevalence. Eating disorders are of particular concern to the Department of Defense and Military Health System (MHS) because body composition standards are in place for active-duty service members.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of active-duty service women (ADSW) ages 18 and older in the U.S. Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps during fiscal years (FY) 2018–2019. Utilizing claims data from the MHS Data Repository (MDR), we identified ADSW with a Body Mass Index (BMI) measure during the study period and compared their BMI to Service-specific requirements and diagnosis of an eating disorder.

Results
We identified a total of 161,209 ADSW from the MDR in FYs 2018–2019 with a recorded BMI, of whom 61,711 (38.3%) had a BMI exceeding the maximum BMI Service-specific standards during the study period and 0.5% had an eating disorder diagnosis. Increased risk of an eating disorder was found in ADSW with an Underweight BMI. Further, we found that there was no association of disordered eating diagnoses among ADSW who were near the maximum height/weight standard set by their Service.

Conclusion
There appears to be no association between body composition standards of the Services and eating disorder diagnoses in ADSW. We were not able to investigate unhealthy habits around diet or exercise directly related to body composition standards.
Glass eel migration in an urbanized catchment: an integral bottleneck assessment using mark-recapture
Authors: Griffioen A. B. , Wilkes T. , van Keeken O. A. , van der Hammen T. , Buijse A. D. , Winter H. V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiadromous fish such as the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) are hampered by a high density of barriers in estuaries and freshwater systems. Modified and fragmented waterbodies lack tidal flows, and habitat may be less accessible and underutilized compared to free-flowing rivers and estuaries. With rising sea levels and increased occurrence of droughts, the number of barriers may further increase, implying that the need to study migration in such areas may even become more urgent worldwide. To study glass eel migration and behaviour in such highly modified water systems, a mark-recapture study was carried out in the North Sea Canal (NSC) basin, which drains into the North Sea via a large sluice complex. In total, eight uniquely tagged groups (3,797 glass eels) were released near the sluice complex, and 11 groups (2,663 glass eels) were released at inland barriers upstream over a 28 km long stretch in the NSC in spring 2018. The sluice complex attracted 10.3 million glass eel and did not block or delay their immigration. The large and diurnally intensively used coastal ship locks and allowings some saltwater intrusion, efficiently facilitated glass eel migration. Once in the NSC, water outlets from adjacent polders attracted glass eels relative proportional to the discharge of pumping stations. In the NSC, average migration speeds of 0.7 km/day (max. 1.8 km/day) were measured, and this increased with higher temperatures. Redistribution of glass eel from accumulations at inland barriers to other outlet locations was observed in both upstream and downstream directions in the NSC. Passage success and residence time (‘delays’ of 4.1–13.7 days) varied between the different inland barriers. Most of the glass eel, however, appears to settle in the easily accessible habitats within the brackish NSC catchment. This study combined an integral assessment of successive bottlenecks in a modified inland water system.
Correlation study on firing temperature and color of plain pottery excavated from the Tang Dynasty tomb of Liu Jing in Shaanxi, China
Authors: Zhang Biao , Wang Hang , He Xuanliang , Zhu Jianfeng , Luo Hongjie , Liu Daiyun , Wang Fen , Zhao Xichen , Fei Guiqiang , Shi Pei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Plain pottery excavated from the Tang Dynasty tomb of Liu Jing was taken as the research object. The color, chemical composition, microstructure, and phase were tested to investigate the influencing factors of color for plain pottery fragments. The results indicated that the contents of Fe2O3 and TiO2 in all fragments varied little, and the influence of humic acids in clay as well as the firing atmosphere on the appearance color of plain pottery was excluded. Therefore, the main factor affecting color saturation (C*) was identified as the firing temperature (T). More importantly, the correlation between C* and firing temperature was established by replicas fired at different temperatures. Before the appearance of the glass phase, iron-containing minerals played a major role in coloring, and after that, iron ions in the glass phase and iron crystallization rose the important function of coloring. Consequently, with the increase of firing temperature, C* value increased firstly and then decreased. The inflection point of the fitted C* − T curve corresponded to the glass phase formation temperature. By comparing the estimated firing temperatures obtained by the fitted C* − T correlation curve with the known firing temperature of replicas, it was demonstrated that the color measurement is an ideal method for deducing the firing temperatures of ancient plain pottery.
Disaggregation of humanitarian data by disability: a realist evaluation of the use of the Washington Group Questions to support more inclusive practices
Authors: O’Reilly Claire F. , Jagoe Caroline 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPeople with disabilities make up approximately 16% of the world’s population and disproportionately experience the risks and negative impacts of humanitarian emergencies. In humanitarian contexts, understanding who has a disability, where they are located, and what their needs are is crucial to delivering the right assistance at the right place and time. In recent years, global attention to disability inclusion in the humanitarian sector has focused on the generation of disaggregated data, most commonly using one of the Washington Group Sets of Questions. The implicit assumption behind the collection of more and more data disaggregated by disability, that it will lead to more inclusive action and outcomes, is incorrect. Our findings nuance the current push for disability disaggregated data in all settings and advocate a shift away from the blanket application of disaggregation to a more bespoke approach. Humanitarian and development contexts present multiple challenges to disaggregating data sets by demographic factors such as disability, including the use of households rather than individuals as the unit of analysis, small and non-representative samples, and minority languages with limited translation capacity. Through evaluation of the use of the Washington Group set across the world’s largest humanitarian organization, and its cooperating partners, we present five decision-making criteria that can be flexibly but consistently applied across operating contexts. This enables contextualized decision-making that uses consistent logic to predict the likelihood of data disaggregation by disability leading to more inclusive action and outcomes.
Association of interleukin-36α and interleukin-38 with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Nassurat Shahad W. , Salman Isam N. , Ad’hiah Ali H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Interleukin (IL)-36α and IL-38, two novel cytokines of the IL-1 family, have recently been proposed to have a pathophysiological significance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there is a paucity of information regarding their association with diabetic neuropathy (DNP). Therefore, this study aimed to explore these interleukins in T2DM without and with DNP, referred to as T2D and DNP, respectively. The predicted interaction of IL-36α and IL-38 with other proteins was also analyzed bioinformatically. In this study, 85 T2D patients, 21 DNP patients, and 109 controls were recruited. Serum IL-36α and IL-38 concentrations were measured with ELISA kits.

Results
Median (interquartile range) of IL-36α concentrations was significantly greater in T2D and DNP patients compared with controls (62 [54-84] and 52 [45-56] vs. 44 [36-47] pg/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). T2D patients also exhibited significantly greater concentrations of IL-36α than DNP patients (p = 0.004). IL-38 concentrations were significantly greater in T2D and DNP patients compared with controls (208 [149-249] and 200 [130-253] vs. 64 [47-92] pg/mL, respectively; p < 0.001), while T2D and DNP patients showed no significant differences in IL-38 concentrations (p = 0.509). Both cytokines were reliable biomarkers in differentiating diabetic patients from controls, but differentiation performance was better in T2D (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.921 and 0.951, respectively) than in DNP (AUC = 0.881 and 0.844, respectively). Up-regulated IL-36α and IL-38 concentrations were significantly associated with a higher risk of T2D (37.92- and 29.97-fold, respectively) and DNP (10.11- and 32.47-fold, respectively). IL-36α was positively correlated with IL-38 in T2D (correlation coefficient [rs] = 0.487; p < 0.001), but a stronger correlation was found in DNP (rs = 0.683; p < 0.001). IL-36α and IL-38 showed predicted interactions with several cytokines and cytokine receptors of the IL-1 family.

Conclusions
IL-36α and IL-38 concentrations were upregulated in the serum of T2D and DNP patients. Both cytokines were indicated to be potential discriminating biomarkers associated with higher risk of T2D and DNP. Targeting the axis of their interaction with other cytokines of the IL-1 family may be important for understanding the pathophysiology of T2D and DNP.
Computational tools for quantifying actin filament numbers, lengths, and bundling
Authors: Sherer Laura A. , Mahanta Biswaprakash , Courtemanche Naomi 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic filamentous network that assembles into specialized structures to enable cells to perform essential processes. Direct visualization of fluorescently-labeled cytoskeletal proteins has provided numerous insights into the dynamic processes that govern the assembly of actin-based structures. However, accurate analysis of these experiments is often complicated by the interdependent and kinetic natures of the reactions involved. It is often challenging to disentangle these processes to accurately track their evolution over time. Here, we describe two programs written in the MATLAB programming language that facilitate counting, length measurements, and quantification of bundling of actin filaments visualized in fluorescence micrographs. To demonstrate the usefulness of our programs, we describe their application to the analysis of two representative reactions: (1) a solution of pre-assembled filaments under equilibrium conditions, and (2) a reaction in which actin filaments are crosslinked together over time. We anticipate that these programs can be applied to extract equilibrium and kinetic information from a broad range of actin-based reactions, and that their usefulness can be expanded further to investigate the assembly of other biopolymers.
effectiveness of natural probiotics in food
Authors: Urbaś Michał , Kościołek Dawid , Kępczyk Martyna , Kościołek Aleksandra , Surowiecka Kaja , Misiak Jakub , Ojdana Miłosz , Szalbot Konrad , Tokarski Mikołaj , Czchowski Konrad 
Published: February 2024

Introduction and purposeThe term "probiotic" rooted in Latin, signifies 'for life,' reflecting the historical use of fermented products for therapeutic purposes. Defined by the WHO as living microorganisms conferring health benefits when consumed adequately, probiotics, mainly bacteria from Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, play a vital role in maintaining gut microbiota balance, regulating digestion, supporting the immune system and influencing mental and cardiovascular health. While browsing many websites devoted to healthy eating or popular science topics, we often came across the topic of probiotic food without any confirmation by scientific research. The aim of this paper is to confirm or exclude the presence of probiotics in popular foods.
Material and method
In our work, we will look at individual products with an emphasis on verifying whether the microorganisms they contain meet the WHO criteria of probiotics.
Results
Our review managed to prove the probiotic effect of almost all presented food, except for miso. By reviewing many articles, we shed a lot of uncertainty on the repeated myth about the lack of probiotic effect of cucumbers preserved in vinegar and what is more, we found scientific assumptions about the probiotic effect of vinegar itself.
Conclusion
Fermented food contains numerous strains of bacteria that are resistant to acid, bile and temperature in the human digestive tract and can be effectively used as a source of probiotics.
What is more, compared with probiotics from the pharmacy, pickles provide not only probiotics, but also nutritional values, valuable fiber and vitamins. They seem to be a versatile supplement for our health.
Simulation of Long-Term Water Erosion in Rainfed Croplands of Eastern Washington
Authors: Dahal Mugal Samrat , Wu Joan , Dobre Mariana , Ewing Robert P. 
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Water erosion in the inland Pacific Northwest was modeled with WEPP for the past (1940–1982) and present (1983–2020).

Water erosion decreased from past to present in the study watersheds.

Major factors are increased adoption of conservation practices and decrease in large precipitation events.

Abstract. Water erosion is an ongoing problem in eastern Washington due to its hilly terrain, highly erodible silt loam soils, rain on thawing soil, and the prevalence of conventional tillage. The region is characterized by a Mediterranean-type climate with warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters. Three distinct precipitation zones, with annual totals low (&lt;380 mm), intermediate (380–460 mm), and high (&gt;460 mm), dictate the area’s crop rotations. A unique 43-year (1940–1982) dataset of winter erosion measured on multiple agricultural fields in Whitman County, eastern Washington, by Verle Kaiser, a USDA Soil Conservation Service agronomist, showed annual erosion rates averaging 53.8 Mg ha-1, far exceeding the current Natural Resources Conservation Service tolerable limit of 11 Mg ha-1 yr–1 for the soils in the area. Kaiser’s field data allowed us to compare the historical field-measured erosion rates with those simulated by the WEPP (Water Erosion Prediction Project) model. Anthropogenic factors, such as tillage and crop rotation, change with time. Conservation tillage, including reduced- and no-till, has been increasingly adopted in eastern Washington since the mid-1980s. The specific objectives of this study were to (1) apply the WEPP model to simulate soil erosion in eastern Washington and evaluate the interactive effects of climate and management, in addition to topography and soil, on water erosion in the study area, and (2) compare the simulation results with Kaiser’s historical field dataset and elucidate the long-term soil erosion trend. The WEPPcloud interface was used to delineate a watershed within each precipitation zone of the study area. Climate inputs were divided into two periods: the past (1939–1982) and the present (1983–2020). Erosion has noticeably decreased from the past to the present, with WEPP simulated annual erosion averaging 13.5, 34.5, and 52.6 Mg ha-1 for the past, and 9.5, 14.1, and 15.5 Mg ha-1 for the present, in the selected watersheds in the low-, intermediate-, and high-precipitation zones, respectively. The decreasing trend was primarily due to the increased adoption of conservation tillage and crop rotation, as well as a decrease in the number of high-intensity precipitation events in the present climate. Keywords: Inland Pacific Northwest, Soil erosion by water, Temporal trend, WEPP.
Estimating Effective Hydraulic Conductivity (Ke) for the Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model (RHEM)
Authors: Al-hamdan Osama Zuhair , Williams C. Jason , Pierson Fred B. , Hernandez Mariano , Nouwakpo S. Kossi 
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Effective hydraulic conductivity (Ke
) predictive equations in all RHEM versions have satisfactory performance.

New Ke
predictive equations were developed for RHEM applications over broader rangeland conditions.

Ke
values on most rangelands can be estimated through readily measurable ground cover and soil texture data.

Abstract. Effective hydraulic conductivity (Ke) is an important parameter for the prediction of infiltration and runoff by the Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model (RHEM). Three sets of equations to predict Ke have previously been used in RHEM. These equations are mainly based on rainfall simulation data representing undisturbed sites and have not undergone comprehensive evaluation for various rangeland conditions, particularly after disturbances. The goal of this research was to evaluate these equations using independent data obtained from rainfall simulations conducted at multiple rangeland sites. Additionally, we developed and evaluated a new set of Ke predictive equations applying readily measurable cover and soils data spanning a wide range of vegetation, soil textures, and disturbance conditions. The results show that all previous Ke equations in RHEM have a “satisfactory” performance with index of agreement (d) &gt; 0.75 and R2 &gt; 0.4. The new Ke approach resulted in “very good” performance with d &gt; 0.9 and R2 &gt; 0.5. The new set of equations enhances RHEM for applications over broader rangeland conditions, including sparse vegetation cover following disturbances or community transitions. Keywords: Disturbed Rangelands, Hillslope Runoff, Infiltration.
Gap in the Mastery of ICT Soft Skills for Vocational Graduate Workers in Industry: Case Study of LPP Polytechnic
Authors: Harjanti Ratna Sri , Puspasari Dyah , Hidayat Arif , Purnomosidi RY Kun Haribowo , Andari Yuni , Bagaskara Bagaskara , Romadona Mia Rahma , Setiawan Sigit , Budiansyah Andi , Fachrizal Fachrizal , Helmi Rahmi Lestari , Suryadi Suryadi , Maulana Syahrizal , Tsuraya Silmi 
Published: February 2024

<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a global shift toward technical and inventive skills to improve job readiness and productivity. Human resources graduates from diploma levels 3 and 4 must respond with has competitively by adding value from soft skills. This can help them compete in domestic and international job markets. These skills are now required for professional acceptance. This study investigates the role of soft skills in learning and using information technology, the internet, and computers to boost individual and organizational efficiency. This study addresses all research questions and objectives using a combination of methods. We collected quantitative data on technology and innovation mastery ability gaps using online surveys. Comprehensive interviews with educational institutions, government agencies, industry representatives, and vocational diploma level 3 and 4 alumni were also conducted for the study. The data showed no statistically significant difference in alumni' technological proficiency between when they study and when they work. This shows that many former students have learned to use soft skills to boost their professional competitiveness and technical ability. ICT skills improve vocational human resources' employability, making them more competitive and competitive with undergraduate graduates.</p><p> </p>Keywords: Vocational, Soft Skill, Technology, Competencies, productivity, competitiveness
Pandemia de Covid 19 e condição humana: narrativas de mulheres idosas na Zona Leste de São Paulo
Authors: Morais Garcia Lima Lívia , Gouveia de Oliveira Rovai Marta 
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem como proposta refletir sobre os impactos sociais da pandemia de Covid-19 (2020-2021), especialmente em relação à população idosa, moradora da Zona Leste, periferia de São Paulo. A partir da história oral, entrevistamos um conjunto de pessoas, das quais damos destaque a três mulheres, a fim de compreender as relações entre gênero e velhice em condições de vulnerabilidade dadas pelo vírus, pela pobreza e pelas desigualdades de gênero. Histórias orais em tempos de pandemia são uma potência de conhecimento que podem situar relações e transformações numa perspectiva temporal, dinâmica e contingente, excedendo os modelos explicativos mecânico-biológicos. Nesse sentido, a partir da oralidade, foi possível observar o trabalho de memória – escolhas narrativas referentes às formas como as idosas significam o tempo presente num contexto de incertezas, a fim de desenvolverem suas autobiografias a partir das suas conexões temporais entre passado, presente e expectativas futuras. Cada entrevista trouxe construções dialógicas, privilegiando o relato de experiências subjetivas, mas que se ancoram no coletivo, a partir de temas como a própria condição humana em tempos de discursos necropolíticos, que naturalizaram a morte de pessoas velhas pelo Covid-19, a militância social e as relações de solidariedade.
Sentimentale Beobachter und naive Beobachtete
Authors: Penke Niels 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article is about differentiating the notion of cultural contact. Not every journey serves the exchange between different cultures when the travellers take on the role of an observer who does not or rarely interact with the observed, but rather projects his or her ideas and needs into them. Looking at the German authors Ernst Jünger and Edzard Schaper, the paper shows how this ,asymmetrical‘ cultural contact is realised in diaristic writings of both authors and what relationship of ,sentimental‘ observer and ,naïve‘ observed becomes visible in the process.
The Narrative Voice and its Comments: A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Jómsvíkinga saga
Authors: Heiniger Anna Katharina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article pursues two objectives: as a software-based study, it first demonstrates how quantitative methods can be employed to harvest data, which is hard to retrieve as thoroughly and systematically without digital tools. In combination with ‘classic’, qualitative analyses, such an approach can contribute greatly to gaining new perspectives on (medieval) literary sources. Secondly, this article offers a case study of Jómsvíkinga saga (AM 291 4to) with particular focus on the narrative voice and its narratorial comments. They are used intentionally not only to select, structure, and guide the plot but also to embed the saga into the larger extradiegetic narrative tradition. Despite their brevity, the role of the comments goes beyond narratological organisation because they are simultaneously self-reflective on the process of narration. The narrative voice thus crafts a particular, highly artistic narrative about the adventures of the early Danish kings and the Jómsvikings.