bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GLP-1RA Use and Thyroid Cancer Risk
Authors: Brito Juan P. , Herrin Jeph , Swarna Kavya Sindhu , Singh Ospina Naykky M. , Montori Victor M. , Toro-Tobon David , Umpierrez Guillermo E. , Galindo Rodolfo J. , Deng Yihong , Mickelson Mindy M. , Shao Hui , Polley Eric C. , McCoy Rozalina G. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceThe increasing use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) demands a better understanding of their association with thyroid cancer.ObjectiveTo estimate the risk of incident thyroid cancer among adults with type 2 diabetes being treated with GLP-1RA vs other common glucose-lowering medications.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a prespecified secondary analysis of a target trial emulation of a comparative effectiveness study using claims data for enrollees in commercial, Medicare Advantage, and Medicare fee-for-service plans across the US. Eligible participants were adults with type 2 diabetes at moderate risk for cardiovascular disease and without history of thyroid cancer who had newly filled prescriptions for GLP-1RA, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i), or sulfonylurea from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021. Data were analyzed February 1 to October 31, 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOverall and piecewise (&amp;lt;1, 1-2, and ≥2 years since treatment initiation) hazard ratios (HRs) for thyroid cancer with use of GLP-1RA vs the other 3 drug classes were estimated using inverse propensity score weighted Cox proportional hazards models. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) (primary) and as-treated (sensitivity) analyses were performed.ResultsOf 351 913 patients (mean [SD] age, 65.3 [8.5] years; 173 391 [49.3%] females and 178 522 [50.7%] males), 41 112 started treatment with GLP-1RA; 76 093, with DPP4i; 43 499, with SGLT2i; and 191 209, with sulfonylurea therapy. The numbers of patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer were 69 (0.17%) in the GLP-1RA group, 172 (0.23%) in the DPP4i group, 72 (0.17%) in the SGLT2i group, and 381 (0.20%) in the sulfonylurea group. In the mITT analysis, GLP-1RA initiation was not significantly associated with increased overall risk for thyroid cancer compared to the other 3 diabetes drugs (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.88-1.76). However, the risk for thyroid cancer was significantly higher within the first year after GLP-1RA initiation (HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.11-3.08) and was amplified in the overall as-treated analysis that censored patients when therapy was discontinued or another medication was added (HR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.10-3.95).Conclusions and RelevanceThis secondary analysis of a target trial emulation of a comparative effectiveness study found that despite the low absolute risk of thyroid cancer among patients receiving GLP-1RA therapy, there was an increased risk of new thyroid cancer diagnoses within the first year of GLP-1RA initiation compared to 3 other diabetes drugs. This finding may have been due to enhanced early detection; therefore, further research is necessary to understand the underlying causes of this association.
Third Proceedings of The North American Airway Collaborative (NoAAC)
Authors: Davis Ruth J. , Akst Lee M. , Allen Clint T. , Battafarano Richard J. , Born Hayley L. , Bryson Paul C. , Clary Matthew S. , Crosby Tyler , Dhillon Vaninder K. , Dion Greg , Kavookjian Hannah , Leahy Kevin P. , Lina Ioan , Mirza Natasha , Morrison Robert J. , Motz Kevin M. , Nelson Rebecca C. , Preciado Diego , Sandu Kishore , Spiegel Joseph R. , Walsh Jonathan , Hillel Alexander T. , Gelbard Alexander 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceAirway stenosis is a rare but debilitating disorder that significantly degrades the quality of life in affected patients. Treatments are primarily surgical, and disease management lacks established medical therapies. The North American Airway Collaborative held its third symposium at The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, on April 15, 2024, focused on strategies to advance the care of these patients. The proceedings summarize the discussion of trial design in airway stenosis and the resulting North American Airway Collaborative consensus regarding clinical end points for rigorous study of novel therapies.ObservationsThe lectures and panels centered on the translation of a growing body of preclinical data into therapeutic targets. Additionally, detailed discussion explored design of clinical trials to evaluate safety and efficacy of novel therapeutics. The need for a consensus regarding clinically meaningful end points in airway stenosis was identified to facilitate the comparison of outcomes across institutions and future multi-institutional trials.Conclusions and RelevanceThe group achieved consensus regarding change in peak expiratory flow as the primary clinical end point in airway stenosis. Additional clinical measures, such as disease recurrence (identified as time to recurrent intervention), anatomical characterization of subglottic scar via axial computed tomography imaging, and patient-reported outcome measures (Clinical COPD Questionnaire [CCQ], Voice Handicap Index–10 [VHI-10], Eating Assessment Tool–10 [EAT-10], and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2 [SF-12]) were identified as essential secondary outcomes.
Duration of Disease and Long‐Term Outcomes in Patients With Difficult‐To‐Treat Recurrent Pericarditis: A Chronic Condition Treated With Nonsteroidal Anti‐Inflammatory Drugs, Colchicine, Corticosteroids, and Anti–Interleukin‐1 Agents
Authors: Ceriani Elisa , Agozzino Francesco , Berra Silvia , Gidaro Antonio , Bindi Paolo , Pavarani Alberto , Macchi Silvia , Vena Letizia , Moda Francesco , Sicignano Ludovico Luca , Murace Celeste Ambra , Gerardino Laura , Verrecchia Elena , De Carlini Caterina Chiara , Maestroni Silvia , Marinaro Gabriella , Bizzi Emanuele , Brucato Antonio , Imazio Massimo 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the remission rate and disease duration in idiopathic or post–cardiac injury pericarditis and risk factors for disease duration and anti–interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) agent discontinuation.MethodsThis was a multicenter, longitudinal, observational study including 370 patients (51.4% female). The remission rate was the proportion of patients who stopped all pericarditis‐related therapies for at least 6 months without recurrences.ResultsThe median follow‐up was 4.9 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.8–8.4) years, and the median age at the end of follow‐up was 49 (IQR 37–60) years. A median of 1.1 (IQR 0.6–1.9) recurrences/year and 0.4 (IQR 0.1–0.9) hospitalizations/year were recorded. The remission rate at follow‐up was 34.0%, 7% per year. Disease duration was shorter for patients in remission (3.1 years, IQR 1.6–6.2 years) than for those still receiving treatment (4 years, IQR 2.2–7.8; P = 0.02). Use of “guidelines‐based therapy” (hazard ratio [HR] 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–2.73; P = 0.02) and colchicine use at first attack (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.02–2.23; P = 0.038) were protective factors, whereas steroid use was associated with longer disease duration (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.35–0.81; P = 0.003). Corticosteroids were used in 77.3% of patients, with a median duration of therapy of 1.1 (IQR 0.4–2.6) years. Anakinra was used in 25.9% with a median duration of therapy of 2.4 (IQR 0.9–5.0) years; only 19.8% were able to stop anakinra at the end of observation period.ConclusionThis study reports the largest and longest follow‐up in patients with recurrent pericarditis. Guideline adherence from the first attack is associated with a shorter course. The disease was long and impacting in terms of recurrences and hospitalizations, often requiring a long‐term treatment, in particular with anti–IL‐1 agents.image
Dual‐Channel Optical‐to‐Microwave Links Based on Space‐Polarization‐Division Multiplexed Optoelectronic Metasurface
Authors: Sun Ya Lun , Zhang Xin Ge , Cui Tie Jun , Jiang Wei Xiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractVisible light communication offers distinctive advantages such as low cost, rich spectrum, high communication speed, and environmental protection. Hybrid communication technologies integrate the advantages of radio frequency (RF) communication and visible light communication, playing an essential role in multi‐domain communication systems. However, the access of optical communication to the RF communication network in free space and cross‐media transmission of optical communication remain challenges. To achieve efficient hybrid wireless communications, optical and microwave signal conversion in full space and cross‐domain signal transmission is heavily requisite. Here, dual‐channel optical‐to‐microwave links based on a space‐polarization‐division multiplexed optoelectronic metasurface are proposed and realized, which are realized by double‐sided metasurface based on varactors and two rapid photoelectric conversion circuits integrated into each surface respectively. The dual‐channel optical‐to‐microwave links can achieve direct conversions of light to microwave signals at different polarizations on two surfaces of the metasurface independently and simultaneously. To demonstrate the capability of the conversion links, a dual‐channel hybrid transmission system is constructed and successfully operated. The dual‐channel optical‐to‐microwave conversion links can provide interfaces for visible light communications and RF communications, as well as for multi‐domain communication network interconnection.
A Trinity DNAzyme Circuit with Dual‐Confinement Effect for Imaging‐Guided Combined Gene/Chemo‐Dynamic Therapy
Authors: Zhao Shuang , Wang Xuesong , Deng Ruijia , Tang Xiaoqi , Xie Zuowei , Huang Ping , Wu Xianlan , Luo Jie , Tang Yu , Sheng Jing , Yang Sha , Chen Ming , Chang Kai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSynthetic catalytic DNAzyme circuits have gained great attention as versatile theranostic toolboxes, but their accuracy and efficiency is restricted by uncontrolled signal leakage and inefficient circuitry activation. Here, a trinity DNAzyme circuit (TriDC) is constructed using a unique logic gate bioswitchable DNA tetrahedral walker@MnO2 nanosheets structure. The AND logic gate bioswitchable DNA tetrahedral walker, composed of dual allosteric DNAzyme (termed “commander” and “soldier”) and tetrahedral scaffold, is used to execute imaging‐guided gene therapy by avoiding undesired signal leakage and cascade “walking” in a confined space. Glutathione‐mediated reduction of MnO2 nanosheets provides secondary confinement to stack the DNA tetrahedral walker in situ, offering abundant Mn2+ as a cofactor to achieve self‐sufficiency of DNAzyme circuits and induce chemo‐dynamic therapy. The structure increases local reaction concentrations by ≈100‐fold according to the collision frequency model, enabling the AND logic detection of microRNA‐10b and microRNA‐155 at a limit of detection of 98.97 pm, thereby facilitating the precise imaging of breast cancer cells. The combined gene/chemo‐dynamic therapy achieves 66.2% tumor growth inhibition efficiency. The TriDC offers novel insights into tumor theranostics and also presents a paradigm for the in situ implementation of higher‐order DNAzyme circuits.
Automated Microfluidic Platform for High‐Throughput Biosensor Development
Authors: Devrani Shitanshu , Tietze Daniel , Tietze Alesia A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBiorecognition elements immobilized into nanopores have transformed point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostics by converting molecular interactions into electrical and fluorescent signals.This study introduces Bio‐Sensei, a high‐throughput screening (HTS) microfluidic platform based on nanopore biosensing. Integrating a robotic sampler, electrochemical, and fluorescence setup, Bio‐Sensei operates as an Internet of Things (IoT) platform with integrated data analysis. The platform's utility is demonstrated on functionalized with an amino terminal Cu(II)‐ and Ni(II)‐binding (ATCUN) peptide ion track‐etched membrane. Automated testing atchieves a significantly higher F‐stat value than the critical treshold, while unsupervised clustering reveals optimalnanopores pore size. The biosensordemonstrates remarkable stability, selectivity, and sensitivity with detection limits of 10−6 using fluorescence and 10−15 Musing cyclic voltammetry measurements. Combining these methods enhances machine learning models for Cu2+ concentration prediction, achieving receiver operating characteristic area under the curve values exceeding 95%.
Ammonia Synthesis Over an Iron Catalyst with an Inverse Structure
Authors: Hattori Masashi , Miyashita Kento , Nagasawa Yuki , Suzuki Ryo , Hara Michikazu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAchieving a substantial increase in the ammonia productivity of the Haber‐Bosch (HB) process at low temperatures has been a significant challenge for over 100 years. However, the iron catalyst designed over 100 years ago remains at the forefront of this process because it is difficult to exceed the industrial iron catalyst in terms of the ammonia synthesis rate/catalyst volume that determines ammonia productivity in a reactor. Here, a new catalyst with an inverse structure of a supported metal catalyst that consists of metallic iron particles loaded with an aluminum hydride species is reported. The iron catalyst is readily prepared from an α‐Fe2O3 precursor and ammonia could be synthesized at more than twice the ammonia synthesis rate/catalyst volume of the conventional industrial iron catalyst, even though the specific surface area of the former is only half that of the latter. In addition, ammonia synthesis over the catalyst is observed with a small apparent activation energy at 50 °C. Mechanistic studies suggested that an increase in the active sites with strong electron‐donating capability on the iron catalyst significantly increased the ammonia synthesis rate/catalyst surface area, which resulted in high catalytic activity/catalyst volume.
Integration of Phytomelatonin Signaling With Jasmonic Acid in Wound‐induced Adventitious Root Regeneration
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Xiaoyun , Jing Shirui , Jia Congyang , Li Hongxin , Li Chonghua , He Qiuyu , Zhang Na , Guo Yang‐Dong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlants exhibit remarkable regenerative abilities under stress conditions like injury, herbivory, and damage from harsh weather, particularly through adventitious root formation. They have sophisticated molecular mechanisms to recognize and respond to wounding. Jasmonic acid (JA), a wound hormone, triggers auxin synthesis to stimulate root regeneration. Melatonin (MT), structurally similar to auxin, also significantly influences root induction, but its specific mechanism is unclear. Phytomelatonin's signal transduction is discovered in wound‐induced root formation, identifying SlPMTR1/2 as phytomelatonin receptors, transmitting signals to SHOOT BORNE ROOTLESS 1 (SlSBRL1), a key regulator of wound‐induced root regeneration, via the G protein α subunit 1 (SlGPA1). Additionally, SlPMTR1/2 is activated by JA, and targeted by SlMYC2. Overall, the specific mechanisms of phytomelatonin on wound‐induced root regeneration is uncovered and revealed a crosstalk between phytomelatonin and JA, offering new insights into plant repair mechanisms.
How Shallow and Deep Defects Drive Carrier Dynamics in Tin‐Iodide Perovskites
Authors: Treglia Antonella , Olivati Andrea , Romano Valentino , Iudica Andrea , Paternò Giuseppe Maria , Poli Isabella , Petrozza Annamaria 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTin‐halide perovskites (THP) exhibit complex carrier dynamics due to the interplay between electronic doping and carrier trapping, both of which affect device performance. Evaluating the impact of trap states is challenging because the timescales of photogenerated electron recombination with dopant holes and trapping often overlap. Here, Transient Absorption Spectroscopy (TAS) is used across a broad spectral and temporal range, spanning from visible to near‐infrared and from femtoseconds to microseconds, to probe both sub‐bandgap and band‐edge transitions, while manipulating defect and doping densities via chemical treatments. Focusing on tin triiodide perovskites, the rapid carrier recombination due to high electronic doping density is considered the main source of carrier loss. However, deep electron trap states originated by two distinct type of defects are identified: surface Sn(IV) defects and tin interstitials. Surface Sn(IV) defects play a key role in the loss of photo‐generated carriers, but their density can be mitigated by the addition of SnF2, improving carrier lifetimes. Nevertheless, excessive SnF2 promotes the stabilization of tin interstitial traps, highlighting a delicate balance in defect control. Moreover, near‐infrared TAS reveals sub‐bandgap transitions associated with shallow traps, which contribute to band‐edge repopulation within tens of picoseconds. This work disentangles the contributions of doping and trap‐mediated processes to the optoelectronic mechanisms in THP, offering insights into defect management for performance optimization.
Robust bilayer Ni–Sb–SnO2 combined with continuous flow stacked electrolyzer for electrochemical ozone production
Authors: Wang Xiaosa , Xu Zaixiang , Lu Mengmeng , Ding Lei , Shi Huaijie , He Jiahui , Cao Haoqiang , Cao Yunyi , Zhong Xing , Wang Jianguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNi–Sb–SnO₂ (NATO) has demonstrated significant practical advantages for electrochemical ozone production (EOP) and wastewater treatment. However, its limited lifetime poses challenges for environmental applications. In this study, bilayer electrocatalysts (NATO/C‐ATO) with an inner layer doped with carbon material were synthesized by electrodeposition combined with multiple quenching processes. It exhibited excellent EOP activity and stability under acidic conditions, achieving a current efficiency of 34.4% and an accelerated lifetime of 121 h. Additionally, a continuous flow stacked electrolyzer was designed via a combination of flow field simulation and experimental validation. Compared to conventional batch reactors, this design intensifies the mass and heat transfer processes in operation, enabling the production of ozonated water at a high concentration of 36.6 mg h−1 and the rapid degradation of organic pollutants. This work provides new insights into the design of efficient electrocatalysts and application equipment for advanced oxidation processes.
Brassinin from Brassica campestris L. inhibits colorectal cancer by inducing p62/NRF2/GPX4‐regulated ferroptosis
Authors: Wen Shi‐Yuan , Gao Rui‐Rui , Chen Yan‐Yan , Wang Yi‐Jie , Wang Xin‐Tong , Liu Hai‐Xin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundIndole phytoalexins, plant‐derived compounds present in cruciferous vegetables, have demonstrated anticancer properties. Brassinin (BSN), derived from Brassica campestris L. var. campestris, is known for its potent antitumor effects on various cancers. However, the role of ferroptosis in regulating the antitumor effects of BSN has not been fully elucidated.MethodsThe components of B. campestris L. against colorectal cancer (CRC) were analyzed by network pharmacology. CCK‐8 assay and colony formation assay detected cell viability induced by BSN. Molecular docking verified the binding of BSN to the target protein. Western blot and reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) assay revealed whether BSN can inactivate the NRF2 signaling and inhibit the expression of p62 and HO‐1. The RKO‐xenograft tumor models were established and then were treated by 75 or 150 mg/kg BSN to verify the antitumor efficacy and side effects of BSN.ResultsNetwork pharmacology suggested that BSN is the most important component of B. campestris L. against CRC. BSN inhibits CRC cell viability in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Furthermore, this inhibitory effect is associated with the induction of ferroptosis, as BSN suppresses the cell viability of CRC by inducing GPX4‐regulated ferroptosis. BSN may bind to NRF2 protein to inactivate the NRF2 signaling, inhibiting the expression of p62 and HO‐1. Importantly, a low dose or a high dose of BSN significantly reduced the tumor growth in vivo.ConclusionsOur findings reveal that BSN blocks CRC growth by inducing p62/NRF2/GPX4‐regulated ferroptosis, which may be a novel lead compound for tumor treatment.
Gabexate mesylate thermo‐sensitive in‐situ gel is effective for treating grade‐III pancreatic trauma in beagle dogs guided by contrast‐enhanced ultrasound
Authors: Gao Hanjing , Yang Shanshan , Song Qing , Tang Wenjing , Wang Yiru , Shi Bin , Tang Jie , Luo Yukun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluates the efficacy of gabexate mesylate thermosensitive in‐situ gel (GMTI) in the treatment of beagle grade III pancreatic trauma (PT) with the assistance of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and investigates its mechanism of action.MethodsA grade III PT model consisting of 15 beagle dogs with severed main pancreatic ducts was created and treated with cephalic vein injection of gabexate mesylate (GM) (1.54 mL/10 kg, TID) and peripancreatic injection of GMTI (4.63 mL/10 kg, QD) guided by CEUS within 24 h post‐surgery. Ascites and serum levels of amylase (AMY), lipase (LPS), C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)‐6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and urinary trypsinogen activating peptide (TAP) were detected by ELISA. Histopathological changes in the canine pancreas were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.ResultsCEUS accurately displayed pancreatic lesions and guided catheterisation. Compared to the control group, the ascites was significantly reduced after treatment (p < 0.01). AMY and LPS ascites significantly decreased on post‐operative 1st and 2nd day (p < 0.01). The levels of AMY, LPS, CRP, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in serum were decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Urinary TAP was decreased 1 and 2 days after treatment (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01, respectively). In the control group, pancreatic tissue necrosis was evident in the wound area. Normal glandular cell structures and fibrous tissue hyperplasia were observed in the wound area after GMTI treatment. The GMTI group performed better than the GM group in improving pancreatic histology and reducing AMY levels in the early post‐operative period.ConclusionGuided by CEUS, daily peripancreatic injections of GMTI in Beagles effectively inhibit pancreatic enzyme activity and aid in the adjuvant treatment of pancreatic trauma.
Valence State Hydrogen Channel Enhances Sustained and Controllable Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Diabetic Skin Wound Healing
Authors: Luo Xianzhu , Zhang Xiangcheng , Wen Xue , Wang Rui , Zhang Qingguo , Luo Pan , Yu Fabiao , Cao Hongshuai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDiabetes significantly increases the risk of serious health issues, including prolonged skin inflammation and delayed wound healing, owing to inferior glucose control and suppression of the immune system. Although traditional hydrogen (H2) therapy is slightly effective, its ability to tailor the release of H2 on the skin is limited. Accordingly, this study proposed a novel strategy for electrocatalytic H2 release under neutral conditions to promote wound healing in diabetic mice and rabbit. Herein, a defect‐engineered cobalt phosphide (CoP) catalyst was designed by introducing a neutral single‐metal electrocatalytic Hydrogen valence state channel into CoP. By effectively regulating the formation and transfer of *H active species during the CoP catalytic process, a considerable enhancement in neutral electrocatalytic H2 evolution performance was achieved (−78.0 mV@‐10.0 mA cm−2). Based on this superior catalytic performance, we developed a flexible electrode (namely, CoP/flexible gold electrode made by screen printing (FGSP) by combining a convenient electrolysis platform with continuous electrolyte supply and FGSP, enabling customized H2 release and accelerating wound healing in diabetic mice and rabbits. Notably, the designed flexible electrode features adjustable dimensions, interchangeable substrates, and material adaptability, meeting the diverse needs of clinical and basic research and demonstrating significant potential for applications in clinical medicine.