bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudo-p-Value-Based Clumping Enhanced Proteome-wide Mendelian Randomization for Identifying Coronary Heart Disease-Associated Plasma Proteins
Authors: Hu Yue-Qing , Wang Yuquan , Cao Yunlong , Chen Dong , Shi Dapeng , Fu Liwan , Chen Anqi , Shen Siyuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a powerful tool for causal inference in epidemiology. However, the presence of weak instrumental variables (IVs) and pleiotropy can lead to biased causal effect estimates. To address these issues, we develop MR-GMM, a novel MR method based on a Gaussian Mixture Model. MR-GMM classifies IVs into four categories--invalid, valid, invalid&null, and null IVs--and models their effects using a two-dimensional spike-and-slab distribution. Simulation studies demonstrate the high efficiency and robustness of MR-GMM compared to existing methods. More importantly, we propose a pseudo-p-value-based linkage disequilibrium (LD) clumping procedure to address selection bias. This refined procedure is capable of enhancing the performance of MR-GMM as well as many existing MR methods in real-world scenarios. Applying MR-GMM in a large-scale proteome-wide MR study, we identify 45 coronary heart disease-associated plasma proteins. Subsequent network and enrichment analyses highlight the potential of these proteins as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and therapeutic development.
High performance relaxor ferroelectric textured ceramics for electrocaloric refrigeration
Authors: Li Fei , Li Xuexin , Li Jinglei , Li Yang , Liu Xuechen , Yang Shuai , Wu Jie , Hou Dingwei , Zhang Jinjing , Wu Haijun , Zhang Yang , Ding Xiangdong , Sun Jun , Zhang Shujun , hongliang Du 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Relaxor ferroelectric ceramics have emerged as promising candidates for electrocaloric cooling systems due to their relatively higher heating and cooling capacities. However, simultaneously achieving high temperature changes (ΔT) and a wide operating temperature range remains a significant challenge, limiting their practical applications. This work proposes a synergistic strategy that involves precise compositional tuning of the BaTiO₃-xKNbO₃ system to customize the rhombohedral-to-cubic phase boundary around room temperature, coupled with engineering grain orientation of the ceramics. Based on this approach, a maximum ΔT of 3.9 K was achieved in <111>c-texture BaTiO₃-KNbO₃ ceramics, outperforming most environmentally friendly ceramics. Notably, the ΔT variation remained within ±10% across a temperature range of 30oC to 80oC, demonstrating a promising material for the design and application of electrocaloric cooling devices. This work provides new insights for the design of ceramics with optimized electrocaloric properties, offering significant potential for improving the efficiency and functionality of next-generation cooling technologies and devices.
Retrospective Analysis in Efficacy and Safety of Modified Stroke Protocol During the COVID-19 Epidemic: Real-World Experience from a Single Healthcare System
Authors: Wang Wei-Sheng , Jhou Hong-Jie , Wu Shey-Lin , Tung Chi-Hsiang , Sun Mu-Chien , Chen Yen-Chung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to healthcare systems and public health. We wonder whether modified stroke protocol (MSP) could provide timely treatment with comparable efficacy in acute stroke care.
Methods
Participants were victims of acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular therapy between January 2021 and July 2021. Modified stroke protocol (MSP) claims to conduct nasopharyngeal swab nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) immediately while encountering a stroke patient suspected of having COVID-19. The efficacy outcome included good functional outcome (mRS score, 0 to 2 at 90 days). Safety outcomes were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 36 hours and overall mortality at 3 months.
Results
Of the 61 patients with acute ischemic stroke who received endovascular therapy enrolled in our analysis, 17 patients were in the MSP group. Overall, there were comparable rates of good functional outcome between the MSP group (23.5%) and the usual care group (23.8%) (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 0.25 to 9.39). Mortality at 90 days was equivalent: 29.4% in the MSP group and 26.2% in the usual care group (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.10 to 4.17). The risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 36 hours was 17.6% in the MSP group and 6.8% in the usual care group (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.01 to 4.37).
Conclusions
Acute ischemic stroke patients in the MSP group had similar functional outcome with those in the usual care group, without significant increase in the rate of mortality at 3 months and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 36 hours.
Effect of Gaza War on Mental Health of Different Egyptian Generations
Authors: Hassan Nadira Mansour , Hammad Rabab Ahmed , karem Amira Ahmed Abd El 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Exposure to unfavorable environmental circumstances including conflicts and wars increases people’s risk of experiencing mental health disturbances. Prevalence rates of anxiety, depression and stress disorders were two- to three-fold higher between people exposed to war or those interested in war news.
Objectives: to explore prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among Tanta university students and their parent representing different Egyptian generations, identify associated factors and their effect on study/or work performance
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from undergraduate medical students at Tanta University and their parent by using random cluster sampling technique. The study included 100 medical students and 200 parent. A self-administrated questionnaire was used which included sociodemographic data, DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale) to measure levels of depression, anxiety and stress and the impact of war on studying /or work performance.
Results: Females were constituting 79.0% of students. All students and vast majority of fathers and mothers reported that they follow war news. Social media networks were the most frequently used source of information especially among students. Depression symptoms were expressed by 97.0% of students, 77.0% of mothers and 65.0% of fathers. Anxiety and stress were reported by about two thirds of students and 51% of mothers and 45.0% of fathers. Multivariant logistic regression analysis showed that the shared predictor that pointed to severe and extremely severe level of depression (p .004), Anxiety and stress (p<0.001) was frequently checkup of war news. On the other hand, young age (p<0.001) and female sex (p=0.023) were significant predictors for depression and urban residence was a significant predictor for severe and extremely severe level of anxiety.
Students’ desire to study and study hours were affected to some degree but among most parent, work performance was not affected.
Conclusion: Mental health problems were more prevalent among students followed by mothers and finally fathers. The students representing the younger generation were following war news frequently and were the worst affected generation. This study pointed that in countries outside wars, screening for different mental health problems, their determinants and predictors among different generations is crucial for identification of people whose condition requires specialized interventions
The expression of the tight junction protein and therapeutical target Claudin 18.2 is heterogeneously distributed within esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pak Svetlana , Simon Adrian Georg , Lyu Su Ir , Tolkach Yuri , Alakus Hakan , Zander Thomas , Buettner Reinhard , Bruns Christiane Josephine , Schroeder Wolfgang , Quaas Alexander 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a therapeutically relevant biomarker in esophageal (EAC) -and gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Little is known about its heterogeneity within the primary tumor and corresponding metastases and how many biopsies are needed to determine the true CLDN18.2 status of a tumor.
CLDN18.2 was assessed in 1,283 patients (822 EAC, 461 GAC), using the antibody clone 43-14A. Eight virtual endoscopic biopsies were taken from digitized whole tumor blocks.
204 of 822 EAC (24.8%) and 132 of 461 GAC (28,6%) were positive for CLDN18.2. In GAC, CLDN18.2 expression showed a trend towards more invasive growth (p = 0.02) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.07) and was more often observed within the EBV-associated subtype (p = 0.01). When comparing the expression in one biopsy with the whole tissue section, the sensitivity for CLDN18.2 was low (58.8%). The sensitivity increased to a maximum of 76.5% with 6 and 8 biopsies. Discordant expression between primary tumor and corresponding local lymph node metastasis was observed in 18.5%.
This study highlights that CLDN18.2 is a heterogeneously expressed biomarker, within the tumor tissue as well as in primary tumor and corresponding lymph node metastasis. In case of CLN18.2-negative results the representativity of the biopsies must be critically assessed and a re-biopsy might be recommendable.
Mental Competence in Esports: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Flexibility in the Relationship Between Negative Problem Orientation and Social Problem Solving
Authors: Kilci Alp Kaan , Yalçıner Serhat , Bekir Seyhan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Mental competence is essential for success in esports, where adaptability and problem-solving skills are critical. Cognitive flexibility supports these abilities by enabling gamers to handle dynamic environments and overcome challenges. Negative problem orientation, however, can hinder problem-solving and performance. This study investigates cognitive flexibility’s role in mediating the relationship between negative problem orientation and social problem-solving in esports.
Methods
The study participants were 966 esports players from Türkiye, classified as semi-professionals, professionals, and hardcore gamers. The data collection tools utilized in the study included the Negative Problem Orientation Questionnaire, the Social Problem-Solving Skills Inventory and Cognitive Flexibility Scale. SPSS PROCESS macro (Model 4) was used for data analysis, with bootstrapping methods applied to evaluate direct and indirect effects. This approach provided insights into the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between negative problem orientation and social problem-solving.
Results
The mediation analysis indicated that cognitive flexibility plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between negative problem orientation and social problem-solving competence (indirect effect = 0.08, CI [0.0565, 0.1217]). The indirect effect suggests that negative problem orientation influences social problem-solving competence through cognitive flexibility. The direct effects were also significant, with negative problem orientation directly predicting social problem-solving competence (t = 5.56, p < .001) and cognitive flexibility having a strong positive effect on social problem-solving competence (t = 15.77, p < .001). The model accounted for 25% of the variance in social problem solving competence (R² = .25, F(2, 963) = 168.29, p < .001), demonstrating the importance of cognitive flexibility in enhancing an individual's adaptability and problem solving abilities in the e-sports context.
Conclusion
In conclusion, cognitive flexibility is a crucial role player between negative problem orientation and social problem-solving competence in esports. This mental skill enhances players' adaptability, problem-solving efficiency and ability to cope with stress, contributing to improved performance and psychological well-being. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating strategies to develop cognitive flexibility in the training and support of esport players.
Distance minimization data-driven method for nonlinear analysis of wooden beams
Authors: Dong Biao , Xu Guolin , Wang Xiangjian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Traditional calculation methods require constitutive models for analyzing the nonlinear response of structures. However, the wood constitutive models fail to accurately describe wood's mechanical behavior, resulting in low accuracy in the nonlinear response analysis of wood structures. This study attempted to apply a distance minimization data-driven method, which does not require constitutive models, to analyze the nonlinear response of wooden structures. Improve the distance minimization data-driven method by modifying the strain-displacement matrix assembly method and the stiffness matrix integration method; Build a wood material database based on tested mechanical parameters of C. Bambusaefolia wood. Three-point bending tests and nonlinear response analyses were performed on C. Bambusaefolia wood beams. The results showed that the method with sufficient accuracy could be applied to the nonlinear response analysis of wooden structures.
Comparison of the relationship between key demographic features and exercise levels across 22 countries
Authors: Lee Chung Gun , Kwon Elizabeth , Paltzer Jason , Okafor Chikwuemeka N. , VanderWeele Tyler J. , Johnson Byron R. , Choi Joo Hee 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The present study aims to examine global trends in exercise levels and explore the potential influence of demographic factors on exercise participation.
Methods
Using data from the Global Flourishing Study (GFS), which includes 202,898 participants from 22 geographically and culturally diverse countries, we assessed the average number of exercise days across various demographic groups (age, gender, marital status, employment, religious service attendance, education, immigration status) and across different countries.
Results
While the findings varied across the 22 countries, our analysis revealed that individuals aged 60 to 69, men, those in domestic partnerships, self-employed individuals, individuals with higher levels of education, frequent attendees of religious services, and those born in the country where the survey was conducted reported the highest mean number of exercise days.
Conclusions
These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the sociodemographic disparities in exercise participation. By documenting exercise patterns across key demographic groups and countries worldwide, this study provides valuable insights into the social determinants of exercise behavior.
Trends and Growth in ADHD Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of Indian Literature Indexed in Scopus
Authors: Kollamkandipalliyali Aswin , Kizhalath Sisira , Ragesh Gangadharan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a widely studied neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing research contributions from India. This study examines the impact of Indian ADHD research, focusing on publication growth, research trends, and resource impact. Using bibliometric methods, it identifies key institutions, authors, funding agencies, and current research trends shaping the field.
Methods: Data for this study were sourced from the Scopus bibliographic database, retrieving 721 documents affiliated with India. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using the bibliometrix R package. Bradford's Law was applied to identify core journals, Lotka's Law was used to assess author productivity, and keyword analysis was used to determine prevalent research themes.
Results: India is a leading contributor to ADHD research, with the highest publication count in 2023. Approximately 36.1% of research publications on ADHD are within medicine. The National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) emerged as the most productive institution, while Prof.Sinha was identified as the most prolific author. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) was the top funding agency. Bradford’s Law revealed 21 core journals publishing ADHD research, and keyword analysis highlighted contemporary research themes.
Conclusion: This study highlights India's significant role in ADHD research, driven by contributions from key institutions, prolific authors, and robust funding. Identifying core journals and emerging research trends offers valuable insights for future research directions in this field.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Plumbagin: Its Current Applications in Cancer and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Zhou Dongsheng , Wang Jiahui , Huang Haitao , Zhang Chong , Yan Jianguo , Zhou Yali 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Plumbagin (PL) is an important natural active ingredient in traditional Chinese
medicine derived from the Plumbago zeylanica L. It possesses a variety of biological
activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective
properties, and has great potential for utilization in disease treatment and
prevention. Cancer and neurological and psychiatric diseases are two major categories
of diseases that currently threaten the physical and mental health of human beings, and
their increasing incidence is causing a serious economic burden to all humanity. Based
on the physical and chemical properties and pharmacokinetics of plumbagin, this study
will focus on summarizing the application research status of plumbagin in cancer, neurological,
and psychiatric diseases and analyze the molecular targets and action pathways
of its therapeutic efficacy. This study will also briefly summarize the application of
plumbagin in other diseases, as well as the existing problems and future development direction
of plumbagin in clinical application, aiming to provide new perspectives and
strategies for the development of new drugs and the treatment of existing diseases.
A Fed-batch Process for the Production of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus (rAAV) Vectors Using the Sf9-Rhabdovirus-Negative Cell Line
Authors: Li Xinran , Gu Jieyi , Wu Haoquan , Xie Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Gene therapy has been effectively applied in many biological studies
and for the treatment of many genetic or cancer diseases. Currently, Recombinant Adeno-
Associated Viruses (rAAVs) are one of the main types of delivery vectors used for gene therapy.
rAAV vectors produced via the Sf9 cells have the advantages of high rAAV yields, easy scaleup,
and low cost.

Method:
Here, we used Sf9 rhabdovirus-negative (Sf9-RVN) cells to validate and optimize the
rAAV production process, and the fed-batch process increased the rAAV production titre.

Results:
In the fed-batch procedure, the cell density reached 12.9×106 cells/mL, which was approximately
twice as high as in the batch culture process. The rAAV titre was also approximately
8-fold higher in the fed-batch process, reaching 1.5×1012 VG/mL. The optimized process was
validated by generating rAAVs with various serotypes and genes of interest (GOI), all of which
gave production titres greater than 1×1012 VG/mL.

Conclusion:
We used Sf9-RVN cells to develop a fed-batch rAAV production process that replaces
Sf9 cells to meet regulatory standards. This process has good applicability, and the rAAV
titre can reach at least 1×1012 VG/mL, which is higher than the level of 1011 VG/mL reported in
the literature.
Effective Synthesis of Dopamine Dimer
Authors: Dejun Zhou , Yuying Zhang , Xiaoyue Liu , Huachuan Zheng 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Dopamine (1) is a commonly used vasopressor, primarily employed to
treat various types of shock, congestive heart failure, and acute renal failure. Dopamine dimer (2) is
an impurity generated during the production process of dopamine raw materials or the metabolism
of dopamine drugs themselves.

Methods:
This article presents an effective method for synthesizing dopamine dimer through the
condensation of methyl 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl acetate (4) and 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethyl amine (5),
followed by reduction and demethylation.

Results:
The product was synthesized from easily accessible raw materials, achieving a total yield
of 48% over five steps.

Conclusion:
This synthesis method is simple and beneficial for pharmaceutical companies to adopt
and implement.
Zeolite Nanoparticles: The Eco-Friendly Solutions for Environmental Contamination
Authors: Sisubalan Natarajan , Sivamaruthi Bhagavathi Sundaram , Kesika Periyanaina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
This review highlighted the innovative utilization of zeolite Nanoparticles (NPs) in
various environmental applications, emphasizing their role in transforming waste materials into
valuable resources. Zeolite-confined metal NPs, particularly Palladium (Pd), exhibit enhanced
catalytic performance in the deep oxidation of light alkanes due to their unique interfaces
and protective zeolite structures. Developing electrospun membranes incorporating cellulose
acetate and nano-zeolites demonstrates promising potential for effective oil removal from
wastewater, achieving up to 97% separation efficiency. The synthesis of silver NPs from Tilapia
fish waste and their valorization within natural zeolites showcases an eco-friendly approach
for ammonia removal and antimicrobial applications. Integrating nano-silicon and
nano-zeolite treatments in combating salinity stress in medicinal plants highlights sustainable
agricultural practices. This review emphasizes the multifaceted benefits of zeolite NPs in addressing
urgent environmental challenges and promotes future research directions to optimize
their applications in pollution control and resource recovery. Prospects include scaling up production
methods, exploring novel composite materials, and investigating the long-term environmental
impacts of these nanomaterials to enhance their practical applicability in diverse settings.
Advancements in AI for Protein Structure Prediction: Impact on Cancer Drug Discovery and Development: A Systematic Review
Authors: Singh Kavya , Prabhu Ashish , Kaur Navjeet 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Recent developments in artificial intelligence-driven tools are
drastically changing drug research and developmental scenarios, especially in the area of
structural protein predictions. This review aims to examine the impact that recent advancements
(AI) in protein structure prediction have had on drug developmental processes, with an initial
emphasis on studies related to cancer and other diseases.

Objective:
The main objective of the article is how these technical advancements, such as
AlphaFold2, as an example, are transforming our knowledge of the functional and structural
changes in proteins that underlie cancer and enhance our defence against them.

Methods:
The structured literature review, with its dependable and reproducible research
process, allowed the authors to acquire 95 peer-reviewed publications from indexing databases,
such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, and EMBASE by utilizing
PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) regulations.
Numerous keyword combinations regarding AI tools and their role in structural biology were
used to create the query syntax.

Results:
Requests for search codes on five online archives served as the foundation for the
review article selection procedure. The search request yielded 1,643 articles; however, only
1,553 articles remained when duplicates were removed, and 1,345 papers were excluded by the
screening process. After screening 208 papers, we decided to focus our review study on 95
reputable publications.

Conclusion:
AI applications in computational biology have reached a significant milestone with
AF2, which initiated the process and has demonstrated exceptional performances in forecasting
protein structures. By accurately predicting protein structures, these AI techniques can expedite
the development process of new cancer treatments and medicines, and more efficiently detect
and verify new targets for drugs, especially for those having no extensive structural knowledge.