bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leaky echo state network based on methane topology applied to time series prediction
Authors: Gong Yuanpeng , Lun Shuxian , Li Ming , Yin Hang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a proposed echo state network (ESN) model called F‐ESN is based on methane topology. Due to the neurons in the reservoir of the ESN model being random and sparsely connected, the stability of the system structure could be better, and the prediction accuracy could be higher. To solve this issue, the reservoir's neuronal connectivity is modified to a certain methane structure. A master neuron governs each little unit and communicates with the others to pass information. In addition, MFO optimized by adaptive dynamic operators is used to optimize the three parameters of ESN : leakage rate , spectral radius of the connection weight matrix , and input scale factor . To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, low‐frequency sin time series, high‐frequency SIN time series, and MG time series are simulated. The experimental results show that the methane topology can further improve the prediction accuracy of leakage echo state networks.
Line‐of‐sight probability for UAV communications in 3D grid urban streets
Authors: Song Mengan , Liang Zhonghua , Huo Yiming , Liu Ren 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this letter, the authors present a novel expression for the probability of line‐of‐sight (LoS) between a UAV and ground users situated on a gridded street within urban and dense urban environments. Firstly, this study conducts extensive ray‐tracing simulations, encompassing over 50,000 receivers positioned along streets in Brooklyn and Manhattan, respectively. Moreover, the impact of street width on the probability of LoS is investigated, considering three different average widths. By fitting the LoS probability data corresponding to the UAV's elevation angle in two urban environments obtained by simulations, a unified expression representing the relationship between the LoS probability and the UAV's elevation angle is obtained. This obtained LoS probability expression is compared with three existing expressions. The findings presented in this letter can provide some valuable insights for analytical studies on channel modelling between UAVs and ground‐based street users including vehicles.
Compact dielectric impulse radiating antenna with a flat feed arm structure for low‐frequency gain enhancement
Authors: Lee Junseop , Kim Kangwook 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA compact dielectric impulse radiating antenna (IRA) with flat coplanar conical plate (CCP) feed arms was proposed for low‐frequency gain enhancement. An empirical equation was proposed to predict the characteristic impedance of the CCP arms submerged in a dielectric half‐space. The predicted value was used to determine the termination resistors that connect the feed arms to the reflector. Both the dielectric‐filled and conventional air‐filled IRAs were fabricated, and their performances were measured. The gain of the proposed dielectric‐filled IRA is shown to be higher at frequencies lower than 3 GHz, where the diameter of the reflector is one wavelength.
Fault line selection algorithm for distribution networks based on AdapGL‐GIN network
Authors: Lu Tong , Hou Sizu , Xu Yan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen a grounding fault occurs in the distribution network with distributed generation, the network topology becomes intricate, making it challenging to extract fault characteristics, resulting in a decrease in the precision of fault discrimination. To address this issue, a graph isomorphism network (GIN) approach based on the parameterized adaptive graph learning (AdapGL) module is proposed, transforming the distribution network fault selection problem into a graph classification task. First, the adjacency matrix of the distribution network's topology graph is initialized. This matrix, combined with feature vectors from the robust local mean decomposition energy entropy and transient dielectric loss angle of line, will be input into the GIN. Then, the AdapGL module is integrated into the GIN, dynamically learning and updating the one‐way relationships between actual network nodes to complete the graph classification task. Finally, a radial distribution network model (RDNM) and an improved IEEE 34 nodes model are established, and the fault selection results of the AdapGL‐GIN method are compared with those of other methods. The results indicate that the proposed method achieves higher accuracy than other methods, demonstrating significant practical importance in engineering applications.
TRACL: Temporal reconstruction and adaptive consistency loss for semi‐supervised video semantic segmentation
Authors: Liang Zhixue , Dong Wenyong , Zhang Bo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile existing supervised semantic segmentation methods have shown significant performance improvements, they heavily rely on large‐scale pixel‐level annotated data. To reduce this dependence, recent research has proposed semi‐supervised learning‐based methods that have achieved great success. However, almost all these works are mainly dedicated to image semantic segmentation, while semi‐supervised video semantic segmentation (SVSS) has been barely explored. Due to the significant difference between video data and image, simply adapting semi‐supervised image semantic segmentation approaches to SVSS may neglect the inherent temporal correlations in video frames. This paper presents a novel method (named TRACL) with temporal reconstruction (TR) and adaptive consistency loss (ACL) for SVSS, aiming to fully utilize the temporal relations of internal frames in video clip. The authors’ TR method implements the reconstruction from the feature and output levels to narrow the distribution gap between internal video frames. Specifically, considering the underlying data distribution, the authors construct Gaussian models for each category, and use probability density function to obtain the similarity between different feature maps for temporal feature reconstruction. The authors’ ACL can adaptively select two pixel‐wise consistency loss including Flow Consistency Loss and Reconstruction Consistency Loss, providing stronger supervision signals for unlabelled frames during model training. Additionally, the authors extend their method to unlabelled video for more training data by employing mean‐teacher structure. Extensive experiments on three datasets including Cityscapes, Camvid and VSPW demonstrate that the authors’ proposed method outperforms previous state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Category‐related attention domain adaptation for one‐stage cross‐domain object detection
Authors: Guan Shengxian , Dong Shuai , Gao Yuefang , Zou Kun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCross‐domain object detection aims to generalize the distribution of features extracted by an object detector from an annotated domain to an unknown and unlabelled domain. Although one‐stage cross‐domain object detectors have significant advantages in deployment than two‐stage ones, they suffer from two problems. First, neglect of category features and inaccurate alignment between multiple category features would lead to decreased domain adaptation efficiency. Second, one‐stage detectors are more sensitive to imbalance of samples and negative samples severely affect the alignment process of domain adaptation. To overcome these two problems, an innovative category‐related attention domain adaptive method that refines discrimination for each category's feature has been proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, a group of domain discriminators is assigned to each category to refine the fine‐grained features between categories. The discriminators are trained via an adversarial discriminant framework to align the fine‐grained distributions cross different domains. A category attention alignment (CAA) module is proposed to navigate more attention to the foreground regions in instance‐level, which effectively alleviates the negative migration problem caused by the positive and negative sample imbalance of the one‐stage detector. Specifically, two sub‐modules in the CAA module are developed: a local CAA module and a global CAA module. These modules aim to optimize the domain offsets in both the local and global dimensions. In addition, a progressive global alignment module is designed to align image‐level features, offering prior knowledge of migration for the CAA module. The progressive global alignment module and CAA module collaboratively engage in benign competition with the backbone network across various levels. Extensive transferring experiments are conducted among cityscapes, foggy cityscapes, SIM10K, and KITTI. Experimental results show that the proposed method has much superior performance than other one‐stage cross‐domain detectors.
Generalisable convolutional neural network model for radio wave propagation in tunnels
Authors: Huang Siyi , Wang Shiqi , Zhang Xingqi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPropagation models are essential for the prediction of received signal strength and the planning of wireless systems in a given environment. The vector parabolic equation (VPE) method has been widely applied to the modelling of radio wave propagation in tunnels. However, carrying out simulations for large‐scale environments is still computationally expensive. A convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based propagation model, which can provide high‐fidelity received signal strength prediction based on results from low‐cost VPE simulations, is proposed. A thorough study of the generalisability, including both interpolation and extrapolation capabilities, of the proposed CNN model is conducted. It is found that the proposed model can achieve significant computational savings while maintaining acceptable accuracy, and its performance is validated in both simulations and actual tunnel cases.
Breakdown effect of periodic perturbations to the robustness of topological phase in a gyromagnetic photonic crystal
Authors: Tian Y. , Zhou Rui , Liu Zheng‐Rong , Liu Y. , Lin Hai , Zhou Bin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the known field of topological photonics, what remains less so is the breakdown effect of topological phases deteriorated by perturbation. In this study, the authors investigate the variance on topological invariants for a periodic Kekulé medium perturbed in unit cells, which was a gyromagnetic photonic crystal holding topological phases induced by synchronised rotation of unit cells. Two parameters for geometric and material perturbation are respectively benchmarked to characterise the topological degradation. Our calculation demonstrates that such a periodic perturbation easily destructs the topological phase and thus calls for further checkups on robustness under such unit‐cell‐perturbation in realisation.
Differential magnetic field probe calibration based on symmetric de‐embedding technology
Authors: Hou Bo , Xue Shan , Ding Rui , Tian Xinxin , Shao Weiheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe de‐embedding calibration method has been proposed to achieve high‐precision calibration for a single port electric field or magnetic field probe, which can effectively eliminate the calibration ripple. However, the method's effectiveness for a four‐port calibration system has not been verified yet. In this paper, a four‐port de‐embedding calibration method with a differential magnetic field probe is proposed, and its effectiveness is proved. Two symmetric grounded coplanar waveguide transmission lines are applied in the proposed method to solve the ABCD‐matrix of the embedded part of the calibrator. The de‐embedded S‐parameter model of the four‐port calibration system for differential magnetic field probe can be obtained. The calibration results indicate that the proposed method can also reduce the calibration ripple and compensate for the attenuation caused by the calibrator. Compared with the traditional calibration method using a microstrip line calibrator, the ripples of the proposed method can be reduced by 34%. The analysis results of the frequency interval of the ripple (FIR) in different methods show that the de‐embedding method can reduce the FIRs (except around 1.2 GHz) caused by the reflection of the calibrator and retain the FIR (about 1.2 GHz) caused by the reflection of the probe itself.
Identification of toll‐like receptor 5 and acyl‐CoA synthetase long chain family member 1 as hub genes are correlated with the severe forms of COVID‐19 by Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis
Authors: Wang Luoyi , Mao Zhaomin , Shao Fengmin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSince a 25% mortality rate occurred in critical Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients, investigating the potential drivers remains to be important. Here, the authors applied Weighted Gene Co‐expression Network Analysis to identify the potential drivers in the blood samples of multiple COVID‐19 expression profiles. The authors found that the darkslateblue module was significantly correlated with critical COVID‐19, and Gene Ontology analysis indicated terms associated with the inflammation pathway and apoptotic process. The authors intersected differentially expressed genes, Maximal Clique Centrality calculated hub genes, and COVID‐19 related genes in the Genecards dataset, and two genes, toll‐like receptor 5 (TLR5) and acyl‐CoA synthetase long chain family member 1 (ACSL1), were screened out. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis further supports their core role in the inflammatory pathway. Furthermore, the cell‐type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcript demonstrated that TLR5 and ACSL1 were associated with neutrophil enrichment in critical COVID‐19 patients. Collectively, the aurthors identified two hub genes that were strongly correlated with critical COVID‐19. These may help clarify the pathogenesis and assist the immunotherapy development.
Magali Deleuil : « L’astrophysique, une passion depuis toujours ! »
Authors: Escoffier Stéphanie , Morin Sandrine 
Published: October 2023

Magali Deleuil est professeure des universités au Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Marseille (LAM/CNRS). Elle a été responsable scientifique du programme de la mission spatiale CoRoT, qui a permis la découverte de la première planète rocheuse en transit autour d’une étoile semblable au Soleil.
Aujourd’hui, elle est responsable pour la France de la mission européenne CHEOPS, lancée en 2019, qui vise à déterminer les propriétés des populations des petites exoplanètes, proches de leur étoile. Pour la future mission spatiale PLATO, elle est membre du Conseil scientifique de l’Agence spatiale européenne (ESA). Par ailleurs, Magali Deleuil est membre sénior de l’Institut universitaire de France depuis 2016.
Elle vient de recevoir le prix CNES-Astrophysique et sciences spatiales 2023 de l’Académie des sciences.
Horse allergy: Curly Horses can mediate immune tolerance
Authors: Mitlehner Alexandra , Mitlehner Caspar , Reißmann Monika , Stoll Peter , Swoboda Ines , Mitlehner Wolfgang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAmerican Bashkir Curly Horses are claimed to be hypoallergenic, but this has not been clinically proven. In the present study, the effect of exposure to Curly Horses was investigated in 141 patients allergic to horses by measuring their lung function and nasal patency during Curly Horse contact. Continuous contact with Curly Horses, including riding and brushing, decreased the allergic ridersʼ reactivity as measured by FEV1, PEF, and PNIF. Subsequent visits (up to 40 or more hours of riding) further reduced reactivity to the Curly Horses. Allergic events to horses occurred only in 72 out of 1312 riding hours, mainly in the first ten riding hours.In 41 out of the 141 patients, it was further investigated whether repeated exposure to Curly Horses could induce tolerance to other horses. Patients in the tolerance induction study were tested annually for horse allergy using a nasal provocation test. The tolerance induction study showed that exposure to Curly Horses induced immune tolerance to other horses in 88% of patients who completed the study.To understand the mechanism causing hypoallergenicity, we performed IgE immunoblots to determine whether Curly Horse hairs contain IgE binding proteins. However, no differences in IgE reactivity were found between Curly and non-Curly Horses. Moreover, the immune tolerance induction study patients did not show decreased IgE reactivity to hairs from Curly or non-Curly Horses even though patients had developed tolerance. However, we did find increasing levels of anti-horse IgG antibodies in the study patients.Overall, our data strongly suggests that continuous exposure to Curly Horses can induce immune tolerance, rendering these patients non-reactive to horses. The reason for the reduced clinical allergenicity of Curly Horses remains unclear, but the data suggest that blocking IgG antibodies may be of importance for immune tolerance development.
Pathologie der Nierentransplantatabstoßung
Authors: Büttner-Herold Maike , Velden Joachim , Amann Kerstin 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Abstoßungsdiagnostik an Biopsien der Transplantatnieren erfolgt unter Anwendung der Banff-Klassifikation, die auf eine lange Historie von Anpassungen an den Stand der aktuellen Kenntnis zurückblickt. Die neueste Banff-Klassifikation stammt aus dem Jahr 2019 1. Neben den einzelnen Abstoßungskategorien werden morphologische Parameter, die zur Diagnose einer Rejektion herangezogen werden sollen, semiquantitativ definiert, und es wird empfohlen die einzelnen Parameter als Liste oder Tabelle im Befundbericht neben der Kategorie anzugeben. Bei der Bewertung der Befunde ist es wichtig, diese im Kontext anderer Nierenveränderungen und der klinischen Befunde der Patienten sowie der Erfahrungswerte der Pathologen zu interpretieren. Diese Herangehensweise hat sicherlich ihre Limitationen, u. a. was die Reproduzierbarkeit der morphologischen Parameter angeht und was die Dichotomisierung in antikörpervermittelte Abstoßung (ABMR: „antibody mediated rejection“) und T-Zell-vermittelte Prozesse (TCMR: „T-cell mediated rejection“) angeht, gibt jedoch medizinischem Personal, das in die Betreuung nierentransplantierter Patienten involviert ist, eine gemeinsame Basis und Sprache an die Hand. Über die Jahre hat sich die Banff-Klassifikation Schritt für Schritt aus einer Expertenmeinung in eine evidenzbasierte Klassifikation weiterentwickelt.
Tapirira guianensis is Selectively Cytotoxic, Induces Apoptosis to the Glioblastoma and Decreases Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis in vivo
Authors: Oliveira Ana Gabriela Silva , Rocha Marina Andrade , de Azevedo Lucas Santos , Coelho Aline Thaynara de Moura , Chagas Rafael César Russo , Santos Hélio Batista , Thomé Ralph Gruppi , Samuel Peter , Wolfram Evelyn , Kim Bonglee , Reis Rui Manuel , Ribeiro Rosy Iara Maciel Azambuja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most frequent primary malignant brain tumor without effective treatment, which makes this work extremely relevant. The study of the bioactive compounds from medicinal
plants plays an important role in the discovery of new drugs.This research investigated the constituents of Tapirira guianensis and its antitumor potential (in vitro and in vivo) in glioblastoma. The T. guianensis extracts
were characterized by mass spectrometry. The ethyl acetate partition (01ID) and its fractions 01ID-F2 and 01ID-F4 from T. guianensis showed potential antitumor treatment evidenced by
selective cytotoxicity for GAMG with IC50 14.1 µg/mL, 83.07 µg/mL, 59.27 µg/mL and U251 with IC50 25.92 µg/mL, 37.3 µg/mL and 18.84 µg/mL. Fractions 01ID-F2 and 01ID-F4 were 10 times more
selective when compared to TMZ and 01ID for the two evaluated cell lines. T. guianensis also reduced matrix metalloproteinases 2 – 01ID-F2 (21.84%), 01ID-F4 (29.6%) and 9 – 01ID-F4
(73.42%), ID-F4 (53.84%) activities, and induced apoptosis mainly through the extrinsic pathway. Furthermore, all treatments significantly reduced tumor size (01ID p < 0,01,
01ID-F2 p < 0,01 and 01ID-F4 p < 0,0001) and caused blood vessels to shrink in vivo. The present findings highlight that T. guianensis exhibits considerable antitumor
potential in preclinical studies of glioblastoma. This ability may be related to the phenolic compounds and sesquiterpene derivatives identified in the extracts. This study deserves further
in vivo research, followed by clinical investigation.
A Novel, Deep Learning-Based, Automatic Photometric Analysis Software for Breast Aesthetic Scoring
Authors: Park Joseph Kyu-hyung , Baek Seungchul , Heo Chan Yeong , Jeong Jae Hoon , Myung Yujin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Breast aesthetics evaluation often relies on subjective assessments, leading to the need for objective, automated tools. We developed the Seoul Breast Esthetic Scoring Tool (S-BEST), a photometric analysis software that utilizes a DenseNet-264 deep learning model to automatically evaluate breast landmarks and asymmetry indices.
Methods S-BEST was trained on a dataset of frontal breast photographs annotated with 30 specific landmarks, divided into an 80–20 training–validation split. The software requires the distances of sternal notch to nipple or nipple-to-nipple as input and performs image preprocessing steps, including ratio correction and 8-bit normalization. Breast asymmetry indices and centimeter-based measurements are provided as the output. The accuracy of S-BEST was validated using a paired t-test and Bland–Altman plots, comparing its measurements to those obtained from physical examinations of 100 females diagnosed with breast cancer.
Results S-BEST demonstrated high accuracy in automatic landmark localization, with most distances showing no statistically significant difference compared with physical measurements. However, the nipple to inframammary fold distance showed a significant bias, with a coefficient of determination ranging from 0.3787 to 0.4234 for the left and right sides, respectively.
Conclusion S-BEST provides a fast, reliable, and automated approach for breast aesthetic evaluation based on 2D frontal photographs. While limited by its inability to capture volumetric attributes or multiple viewpoints, it serves as an accessible tool for both clinical and research applications.
Staged Tendon Repair to Improve Range of Motion in Tamai Zone 4 Replantation: Two Case Reports
Authors: Matsusue Takeo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTamai zone 4 replantation, defined as the replantation at a level proximal to the flexor digitorum superficialis' insertion and distal to where the common digital artery branches into the proper digital artery, has poor functional results because making orthosis and rehabilitation protocols that protect the bone and the flexor and extensor tendons simultaneously difficult. Two cases of Tamai zone 4 replantation are presented: one case of an index finger replantation at the proximal phalanx and a case of ring finger replantation at the proximal interphalangeal joint. The author did not repair the flexor tendon intentionally in the primary replantation and performed two-stage flexor tendon reconstruction later. The total active motions (TAMs) at the last follow-up were 215 and 180 degrees, respectively, with the latter distal interphalangeal joint being an arthrodesis. Both cases had no extension lag in the proximal interphalangeal joint. These results were much better than those in previous reports, in which the mean TAM was 133 degrees or less. The good results appeared to be mainly due to the reasonable and clear postoperative rehabilitation protocols made by the proposed procedure. This procedure may be useful for obtaining reproducible functional results even in Tamai zone 4 replantation.