bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Approach to Predict Cardiovascular Disease in Bangladesh: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in 2023.
Authors: Hossain Sorif , Hasan Mohammad Kamrul , Faruk Mohammad Omar , Aktar Nelufa , Hossain Riyadh , Hossain Kabir 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) are widely considered the leading cause of death worldwide. Lower and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Bangladesh are also affected by several types of CVDs such as heart failure and stroke. The leading factors of death in Bangladesh have increasingly switched from severe infections and parasitic illness to CVDs recently.
Materials and methods
The study dataset is a random sample of the 391 CVD patients' medical records collected between August 2022 and April 2023 using simple random sampling. Moreover, 260 data are also collected from individuals with no CVD problem for comparison purposes. Crosstabs and chi-square are used to find the association between CVD and explanatory variables. Logistic regression, Naïve Bayes classifier, Decision Tree, AdaBoost classifier, Random Forest, Bagging Tree, and Ensemble learning classifiers are used to predict CVD in this study. The performance evaluations encompassed accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AU-ROC) curve.
Result
Random Forest has the highest precision among the five techniques considered. The precision rates for the mentioned classifiers are as follows: Logistic Regression (93.67%), Naïve Bayes (94.87%), Decision Tree (96.1%), AdaBoost (94.94%), Random Forest (96.15%), and Bagging Tree (94.87%). The Random Forest classifier maintains the highest balance between correct and incorrect predictions. With 98.04% accuracy, the Random Forest Classifier achieves the best precision (96.15%), robust recall (100%), and a high F1 score (97.7%). In contrast, the Logistic Regression model achieves the lowest accuracy at 95.42%. Remarkably, the Random Forest classifier attains the highest AUC value (0.989).
Conclusion
This research is mainly focused on identifying factors that are critical in impacting CVD patients and predicting CVD risk. It is strongly advised that the Random Forest technique be implemented in the system for predicting cardiac disease. This research may change clinical practice by giving doctors a new instrument to determine a patient's prognosis for CVD.
Impact of COVID-19 on posttraumatic stress disorder in ICU survivors: a prospective observational comparative cohort study
Authors: Kalfon Pierre , El-Hage Wissam , Geantot Marie-Agnès , Favier Constance , Bodet-Cotentin Laetitia , Kuteifan Khaldoun , Olivier Pierre-Yves , Thévenin Didier , Pottecher Julien , Crozon-Clauzel Jullien , Mauchien Bénédicte , Galbois Arnaud , De Varax Roland , Valera Sabine , Estagnasie Philippe , Berric Audrey , Nyunga Martine , Revel Nathalie , Simon Georges , Kowalski Benjamin , Sossou Achille , Signouret Thomas , Leone Marc , Delalé Charles , Seeman Aurélien , Lasocki Sigismond , Quenot Jean-Pierre , Monsel Antoine , Michel Olivier , Page Mathieu , Patrigeon René-Gilles , Nicola Walid , Thille Arnaud W. , Hekimian Guillaume , Auquier Pascal , Baumstarck Karine 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) can affect one in five ICU survivors. At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, admission to the ICU for COVID-19 was stressful due to the severity of this disease. This study assessed whether admission to the ICU for COVID-19 was associated with a higher prevalence of PTSD compared with other causes of ICU admission after adjustment for pre-ICU psychological factors.
Methods: This prospective observational comparative cohort study included 31 ICUs. Eligible patients were adult ICU survivors hospitalized during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in France, regardless of the reason for admission. The prevalence of substantial PTSD symptoms at 6 months was assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Sociodemographics, clinical data, history of childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire [CTQ]), and exposure to potentially traumatic events (Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 [LEC-5]) were assessed.
Results: Of the 778 ICU survivors with COVID-19, 417 were assigned to the COVID-19 cohort patients in the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cohorts, respectively. Fourteen (4.9%) and 11 (4.9%), respectively, presented with presumptive diagnosis of PTSD at 6 months (p = 0.976). After adjusting for age, sex, severity score at admission, use of invasive mechanical ventilation, ICU duration, CTQ and LEC-5, COVID-19 status was not associated with presumptive diagnosis of PTSD using the PCL-5. Only female sex was associated with presumptive diagnosis of PTSD. However, COVID-19 patients reported significantly more intrusion and avoidance symptoms than non-COVID patients (39% vs. 29%, p = 0.015 and 27% vs. 19%, p = 0.030), respectively. The median PCL-5 score was higher in the COVID-19 than non-COVID-19 cohort (9 [3, 20] vs. 4 [2, 16], p = 0.034).
Conclusion: Admission to the ICU for COVID-19 was not associated with a higher prevalence of PTSD compared with admission for another cause during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in France.
Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT03991611, registered on June19, 2019
“Do I feel safe here?” Organisational climate and mental health peer support worker experience
Authors: Reeves Verity , Loughhead Mark , Halpin Matthew , Procter Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
In Australia, lived experience peer support workforces are expanding making it one of the fastest growing emerging disciplines in transdisciplinary mental health settings. This article provides insight for organisations on the contextual realities peer workers face, increases understanding of peer support services to improve service delivery environments and contribute to mental health systems reform. This study aimed to qualitatively explore peer support workers experience integrating into and working within transdisciplinary mental health service teams.
Method
Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 18 peer support workers currently working in mental health services in Australia. The research was a qualitative descriptive study design. All data collected were analysed utilising thematic analysis.
Results
Peer workers found their experience in the workplace was influenced by their colleagues and the organisations understanding of the peer support role. Factors relating to organisational culture and climate were a central theme throughout discussions noting that a negative climate was perceived as harmful to peer workers. Influences between positive and negative experiences by peer workers included the role of leadership, attitudes and behaviours of colleagues, provision of psychologically safe environments, the organisations messaging and use of language and organisational structures and policy.
Conclusion
This study contributes to evidence for the impact of organisational culture on integrating and supporting peer support workers in mental health service delivery. This study provides insights into peer worker experiences of the workforce, highlighting positive and negative impacts of organisational culture and climate on acceptance and integration of peer support roles in transdisciplinary settings.
Removal of Fe3+ ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption on natural eco-friendly Brazilian palygorskites
Authors: Middea Antonieta , Ferreira Luciana Spinelli , Junior Fernando Gomes  de Souza Junior de Souza , Fernandes Thais de Lima Alves Pinheiro , de Lima Luiz Carlos , Barthem Vitoria Maria Tupinamba Souza , Gomes Otávio da Fonseca Martins , Neumann Reiner 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This work focuses on the characterization of five palygorskite clays from the Brazilian state of Piaui and their feasibility as eco-friendly adsorbents for the removal of Fe3+ ions from aqueous solutions. For characterization, we applied the techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), size distribution measurements, density measurement by He pycnometry, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA), zeta potential measurement, hydrophobicity determination by contact angle, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis (BET technique) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Batch experiments were performed in function of process parameters such as contact time and initial concentration of Fe3+. The natural palygorskites (Palys) had excellent performance for the removal of Fe3+ from aqueous solutions by adsorption (around 60 mg/g), and the Langmuir model best fitted the experimental data.
Study on mechanism of action of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in treating osteoporosis: Network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking verification
Authors: luo xinlei , Liu JingJing , wang xiaoxi , Chen Qiaojun , lei yanfa , he zewei , wang xiaowei , ye yan , Na Qiang , lao changtao , Yang Zhengchang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective Buyang Huanwu Decoction is a classic Chinese medicine, which is often used to prevent and treat stroke. Studies have shown that it has a significant effect on cerebral ischemia, atherosclerosis, spinal cord injury and other diseases. In recent years, some scholars have begun to use it for the treatment of osteoporosis, and have achieved remarkable results. However, its mechanism on osteoporosis has not been explored so far. Therefore, this study will use network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking methods to predict its mechanism, so as to provide reference for future research.
Methods Related active ingredients and targets of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were collected through TCMSP database, and related disease targets of osteoporosis were collected through GeneCards, OMIM and DisGeNET database. Venny 2.1.0 software was used to obtain the intersection target genes of Buyang Huanwu decoction and osteoporosis. Cytoscape 3.9.0 software was used to construct PPI network and select core targets.Metascape database was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of related targets. Finally, the main active ingredients and key targets were verified by molecular docking.
Results There were 166 potential targets of Buyang Huanwu decoction in the treatment of osteoporosis, including 42 core targets. The signaling Pathways mainly include pathways in cancer, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Chemical carcinogenesis receptor activation, Relaxin signaling pathway, Proteoglycans in cancer, etc. Molecular docking results showed that the main active components of Buyang Huanwu decoction had stable binding activity with key targets.
Conclusions Buyang Huanwu Decoction can improve bone mineral density and delay the progression of osteoporosis through multiple targets and signaling pathways.
A Mathematical Review of a Dynamical Growth Model With Endogenous Savings and Subsistence Consumption
Authors: Benites-Soria Thales Luis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We provide formal mathematical support for an endogenous saving rate extension, as suggested by King and Rebelo in a Solow-Swan model context. The saving rates st are determined by the workers’ decisions through a Stone-Geary utility function over subsistence income ψ and livelihood consumption ˜c. This endogenous saving rate gives rise to two critical points: one lower equilibrium kψ analogous to a poverty trap and a higher long-term equilibrium k∗. The lower equilibrium is repulsive and unstable, and the higher equilibrium is proven to be unique and stable.
Tick acetylcholinesterases mediate the repellent effect of cinnamaldehyde, a primary compound found in cinnamon oil
Authors: kuang Ceyan , Cao Jie , Zhou Yongzhi , Zhang Houshuang , Wang Yannan , Zhou Jinlin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background The control and prevention of ticks and tick-borne diseases relies on chemical insecticides and repellents. Plant-derived compounds potentially represent new and safer repellents. Cinnamaldehyde, a component of cinnamon oil, exhibits antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, acaricidal and repellent activity against ticks. Here we studied the molecular mechanism of the repellent effects of cinnamaldehyde on ticks. Methods Assessment of cinnamaldehyde as a tick repellent was conducted using a Y-tube olfactometer, transcriptomics and metabolomic analyses. Nymphs were exposed to cinnamaldehyde for 30 min, and the tick acetylcholinesterase (AchE) family was cloned and characterized. The role of AchE in cinnamaldehyde repellency was elucidated through the specific activity of the enzyme, electrophysiology, RNA interference and repellency tests. Results A 2% cinnamaldehyde treatment resulted in more than 90% nymph repellency within 6 h. Nymphs were exposed to cinnamaldehyde for 30 min, and subsequent transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed the involvement of AchE in the response process. The HL-AchE family was cloned and functionally explored. AchE was transcribed in all tick developmental stages and tissues. Following cinnamaldehyde treatment, the transcript and protein levels of AchE were altered, and the specific activity of the enzyme significantly increased. RNAi was used to validate these findings. Following RNAi, electroantennography (EAG) tests demonstrated a significant decrease in response to various repellents as well as a significant decrease in repellency. Conclusions AchE mediates cinnamaldehyde-induced tick repellency, and the results provide insights into the mechanism of plant-derived tick repellents.
Optimized protoplast isolation and transfection with a breakpoint: Accelerating Cas9/sgRNA cleavage efficiency validation in monocot and dicot
Authors: Panda Debasmita , Karmakar Subhasis , Dash Manaswini , Tripathy Swagat Kumar , Das Priya , Banerjee Sagar , Qi Yiping , Samantaray Sanghamitra , Mohapatra Pradipta Kumar , Baig Mirza J , Molla Kutubuddin A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The CRISPR-Cas genome editing tools are revolutionizing agriculture and basic biology with their simplicity and ability to modify target genomic loci precisely. Software-predicted guide RNAs (gRNAs) often fail to induce efficient cleavage at target loci. Many target loci are inaccessible due to complex chromatin structure. Currently, there is no suitable tool available to predict the architecture of genomic target sites and their accessibility. Hence, significant time and resources are spent on performing editing experiments with inefficient guides. Although in vitro-cleavage assay could provide a rough assessment of gRNA efficiency, it largely excludes the interference of native genomic context. Transient in-vivo testing gives a proper assessment of the cleavage ability of editing reagents in a native genomic context. Here, we developed a modified protocol that offers highly efficient protoplast isolation from rice, Arabidopsis, and chickpea using a sucrose gradient, transfection using PEG (polyethylene glycol), and validation of single guide RNAs (sgRNAs)’ cleavage efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9. We have optimized various parameters for PEG-mediated protoplast transfection and achieved high transfection efficiency using our protocol in both monocots and dicots. We introduced plasmid vectors containing Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting genes in rice, Arabidopsis, and Chickpea protoplasts. Using dual sgRNAs, our CRISPR-deletion strategy offers straightforward detection of genome editing success by simple agarose gel electrophoresis. Sanger sequencing of PCR products confirmed the editing efficiency of specific sgRNAs. Notably, we demonstrated that the isolated protoplast can be stored for up to 24/48 hours with little loss of viability, allowing researchers to take a pause between isolation and transfection. This high-efficiency protocol for protoplast isolation and transfection enables rapid (less than 7 days) validation of sgRNA cleavage efficiency before proceeding with stable transformation. The isolation and transfection method can also be utilized for rapid validation of editing strategies, evaluating diverse editing reagents, regenerating plants from transfected protoplasts, gene expression studies, protein localization and functional analysis, and other applications.
Screening of medicinal insects from Burkina Faso with potential antibacterial activity against pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: OUANGO Mamadou , CISSE Hama , DRABO Samuel Fogné , ROMBA Rahim , SEMDE Rasmané , SAVADOGO Aly , GNANKINE Olivier 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Insects and their products are used to treat various pathologies, particularly in traditional medicine. This treatment is performed empirically. Currently, the antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms is growing exponentially. To deal with this situation, it is essential to find other sources of bioactive molecules. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of aqueous extracts of medicinal insects against Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. A total of thirteen aqueous extracts of medicinal insects at different stages of development were tested on seven Gram-positive pathogenic strains. Antibacterial activity of insect extracts was tested using the sol inhibition diameter medium diffusion method. Imipenem was used as the reference antibiotic. The inhibition was revealed by the appearance of clear rings around the discs. XLSTAT 2019 and R 4.2.1 software were used for data analysis.
Results Extraction yields varied from one insect to another. All aqueous insect extracts exhibited inhibitory activity against the different pathogenic strains tested. Inhibition diameters varied from one bacterial strain to another and from one extract to another. The largest inhibition diameter reported was 22.5±0.5mm with Acheta domesticus extract against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. The lowest diameter of 8.5±0.5mm against Clostridium sporogenes MAR03 19404 has been reported with Cirina butyrospermi extract. All of these bacterial were susceptible to imipenem. The highest bacterial multidrug resistance index was 0.69, reported with Staphylococcus saprophyticus 652615, and the lowest was 0.23, reported with Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124.
Conclusion This study revealed the antibacterial activity of insect extracts used by traditional health practitioners to treat their patients. Entomotherapeutic could be an alternative for treating bacterial pathologies, particularly those related to multi-resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
Coming-of-Age in Videospielen
Authors: Zelling Wendy 
Published: December 2023

[English title and abstract below]
Obwohl Videospiele lange Zeit als der Inbegriff eines jugendkulturellen Mediums galten, scheint die Adoleszenz als Sujet erst durch das Erwachsenwerden der Durchschnittsspieler:innen in virtuellen Welten anzukommen. Diese veränderte soziokulturelle Wahrnehmung des Mediums sowie die gewachsenen Ansprüche des gealterten Kernpublikums begründen mit dem technischen Fortschritt die jüngst angestoßene intermediale Adaption des Coming-of-Age-Genres im Videospiel. Jedoch existieren schon vor der Herausbildung des Genres der Adolescent Games mit seinen facettenreichen Spielarten einige kreative Verhandlungsweisen der Individuation, die sich der Thematik im Rahmen ihrer gegenwärtigen Möglichkeiten annehmen. Um sich den verschiedenen Genreausprägungen der Adolescent Games sowie ihrer Vorgänger holistisch zu nähern, widmet sich der vorliegende Beitrag eingangs grundlegenden Genrediskussionen der Games Studies, die aufgrund der inhärenten Wandelbarkeit des interaktiven Mediums oftmals als ‚unmögliches Unterfangen‘ gelten.
Coming-of-Age in Video Games Thoughts on Adolescent Games as a Genre
Even though video games have been regarded as the medial epitome of youth culture, coming-of-age has only recently become a more frequently explored topic in virtual worlds, ultimately leading to the intermedial adaptation of the coming-of-age-genre in video games. Reasons for this development can be traced to several factors, such as changes in the socio-cultural perception of the medium, new demands of a matured core audience, as well as ongoing technical advances. However, well before the formation of the genre of adolescent games and its multifaceted variants in terms of play, there were already various ludonarrative ways to explore the topic of individuation within the current limits of the medium. In order to holistically approach the various forms of adolescent games as well as their predecessors, this article initially outlines the current genre discussions in Games Studies, often regarded as an impossible endeavour due to the inherent transformability of the interactive medium.
Dialog mit der Stille
Authors: Staskewitsch Lena 
Published: December 2023

[English title and abstract below]
Kinder- und jugendliterarische Annäherungen an den Holocaust, insbesondere die Thematik des Genozids an der jüdischen Minderheit, stehen in einem Spannungsfeld aus Intentionen der (Ver-)Schonung kindlicher Rezipient:innen und Gefahren der Bagatellisierung des Gegenstandes, aus didaktischen Zielsetzungen der Vermittlung historischer Begebenheiten sowie Forderungen nach literarästhetischen Zugängen. In diesem Kontext lässt sich Stille im kinderliterarischen Medium neu perspektivieren: Unter Voraussetzung ihrer textuellen Markierung und Anlegung, ihres Framings, etabliert sich Stille als Möglichkeit der Annäherung an die grausamsten Aspekte des Holocaust in Form impliziter Darstellung. “Silence as a means of representation in itself,” um Joanne Pettitt zu zitieren, wird im Folgenden als Auslöser einer gewissen Resonanz etabliert, die den Impuls für eine im Text begründete Dialogizität bildet und das Wechselspiel aus Nähe und Distanz sowie die Involvierung der Rezipient:innen zu regulieren intendiert.

Dialogue with Silence The Holocaust in Children’s and Young Adult Literature
Approaches to representing the Holocaust in children’s and young adult literature, especially in works that address the genocide of the Jewish minority, exist in a tension between wanting to spare child readers from the atrocities of the subject matter and the risk of trivialising it, between the didactic goals of conveying historical events and the literary aesthetic-driven approaches. In this context, the function of silence in children’s literature can be repositioned. Presupposing its textual framing, silence establishes itself as a means of approaching the grimmest aspects of the Holocaust in the form of implicit representation. „Silence as a means of representation in itself,” to cite Joanne Pettitt, is seen as triggering a particular resonance that forms the impulse for dialogue grounded in the text, and which aims to regulate the interplay of proximity and distance and the involvement of the readers.
Epidemics as a Reason for Studying the Region: V.I. Isaev's 1901 Expedition to Astrakhan Province
Authors: Афанасьева А.Э. 
Published: December 2023

В статье рассматриваются организация и содержание масштабной экспедиции 1901 года под руководством В.И. Исаева в Букеевскую орду Астраханской губернии. Результатом подробного обследования степи, вызванного необходимостью объяснить появление чумных вспышек, стало не только изменение представлений об эпидемиологии чумы в европейской России, но и создание целого корпуса нового знания о географии и этнографии степи.
The article looks at the organisation and materials of a large-scale expedition of 1901 led by V.I. Isaev to the Bukeevskaya Horde of Astrakhan province. The detailed survey of the steppe, inspired by the need to explain plague outbreaks, resulted not only in the change of ideas about the epidemiology of plague in European Russia, but also in the production of a whole body of new knowledge about the geography and ethnography of the steppe.