bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Nanoadjuvant Simultaneously Depresses PD‐L1/TGF‐β1 and Activates cGAS‐STING Pathway to Overcome Radio‐Immunotherapy Resistance
Authors: Yi Lei , Jiang Xin , Zhou Zaigang , Xiong Wei , Xue Fei , Liu Yu , Xu Haozhe , Fan Bo , Li Yuan , Shen Jianliang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCurrently, certain cancer patients exhibit resistance to radiotherapy due to reduced DNA damage under hypoxic conditions and acquired immune tolerance triggered by transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and membrane‐localized programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1). Meanwhile, cytoplasm‐distributed PD‐L1 induces radiotherapy resistance through accelerating DNA damage repair (DDR). However, the disability of clinically used PD‐L1 antibodies in inhibiting cytoplasm‐distributed PD‐L1 limits their effectiveness. Therefore, a nanoadjuvant is developed to sensitize cancer to radiotherapy via multi‐level immunity activation through depressing PD‐L1 and TGF‐β1 by triphenylphosphine‐derived metformin, and activating the cGAS‐STING pathway by generating Mn2+ from MnO2 and producing more dsDNA via reversing tumor hypoxia and impairing DDR. Thus, Tpp‐Met@MnO2@Alb effectively enhances the efficiency of radiotherapy to inhibit the progression of irradiated local and abscopal tumors and tumor lung metastases, offering a long‐term memory of antitumor immunity without discernible side effects. Overall, Tpp‐Met@MnO2@Alb has the potential to be clinically applied for overcoming radio‐immunotherapy resistance.
In Situ Reprogramming of Immune Cells Using Synthetic Nanomaterials
Authors: Nie Shihong , Qin Yuyang , Ou Liyuan , Chen Xiaoyuan , Li Ling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the past decade, adoptive cell therapy with chimeric antigen receptor‐T (CAR‐T) cells has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, the complexity and high costs involved in manufacturing current adoptive cell therapy greatly inhibit its widespread availability and access. To address this, in situ cell therapy, which directly reprograms immune cells inside the body, has recently been developed as a promising alternative. Here, an overview of the recent progress in the development of synthetic nanomaterials is provided to deliver plasmid DNA or mRNA for in situ reprogramming of T cells and macrophages, focusing especially on in situ CAR therapies. Also, the main challenges for in situ immune cell reprogramming are discussed and some approaches to overcome these barriers to fulfill the clinical applications are proposed.
Performance Enhancement of the Li6PS5Cl‐Based Solid‐State Batteries by Scavenging Lithium Dendrites with LaCl3‐Based Electrolyte
Authors: Xu Shijie , Cheng Xiaobin , Yang Shunjin , Yin Yichen , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Yuzhe , Ren Dehang , Sun Yujiang , Sun Xiao , Yao Hongbin , Yang Yongan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLi6PS5Cl (LPSC) is a very attractive sulfide solid electrolyte for developing high‐performance all‐solid‐state lithium batteries. However, it cannot suppress the growth of lithium dendrites and then can only tolerate a small critical current density (CCD) before getting short‐circuited to death. Learning from that a newly‐developed LaCl3‐based electrolyte (LTLC) can afford a very large CCD, a three‐layer sandwich‐structured electrolyte is designed by inserting LTLC inside LPSC. Remarkably, compared with bland LPSC, this hybrid electrolyte LPSC/LTLC/LPSC presents extraordinary performance improvements: the CCD gets increased from 0.51 to 1.52 mA cm−2, the lifetime gets prolonged from 7 h to >500 h at the cycling current of 0.5 mA cm−2 in symmetric cells, and the cyclability gets extended from 10 cycles to >200 cycles at the cycling rate of 0.5 C and 30 °C in Li|electrolyte|NCM721 full cells. The enhancing reasons are assigned to the capability of LTLC to scavenge lithium dendrites, forming a passive layer of Ta, La, and LiCl.
Interior‐Confined Vacancy in Potassium Manganese Hexacyanoferrate for Ultra‐Stable Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Xiaoxia , Guo Tianqi , Shang Yang , Zheng Tian , Jia Binbin , Niu Xiaogang , Zhu Yujie , Wang Zhongchang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetal hexacyanoferrates (HCFs) are viewed as promising cathode materials for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) because of their high theoretical capacities and redox potentials. However, the development of an HCF cathode with high cycling stability and voltage retention is still impeded by the unavoidable Fe(CN)6 vacancies (VFeCN) and H2O in the materials. Here, a repair method is proposed that significantly reduces the VFeCN content in potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate (KMHCF) enabled by the reducibility of sodium citrate and removal of ligand H2O at high temperature (KMHCF‐H). The KMHCF‐H obtained at 90 °C contains only 2% VFeCN, and the VFeCN is concentrated in the lattice interior. Such an integrated Fe–CN–Mn surface structure of the KMHCF‐H cathode with repaired surface VFeCN allows preferential decomposition of potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) in the electrolyte, which constitutes a dense anion‐dominated cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) , inhibiting effectively Mn dissolution into the electrolyte. Consequently, the KMHCF‐H cathode exhibits excellent cycling performance for both half‐cell (95.2 % at 0.2 Ag−1 after 2000 cycles) and full‐cell (99.4 % at 0.1 Ag−1 after 200 cycles). This thermal repair method enables scalable preparation of KMHCF with a low content of vacancies, holding substantial promise for practical applications of PIBs.
Synergy of Pd2+/S2−‐Doped TiO2 Supported on 2‐Methylimidazolium‐Functionalized Polypyrrole/Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Nitrogen Electrooxidation
Authors: Mao Hui , Sun Yuheng , Li Huinan , Wu Shuyao , Liu Daliang , Li Hui , Li Shuo , Ma Tianyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe electrosynthesis of nitrate catalyzed by electrochemical nitrogen oxidation reaction (NOR) is considered as an alternative and sustainable approach to the conventional industrial manufacture, but optimizing the electrocatalytic NOR performance and fabricating the efficient NOR electrocatalysts at the design level still encounter great challenges. Herein, unique Pd2+‐ and S2−‐doped TiO2 (Pb/S–TiO2) nanoparticles are successfully in situ grown on the surface of 2‐methylimidazolium‐functionalized polypyrrole/graphene oxide (2‐MeIm/PPy/GO), which present the typical hierarchical micro‐nanostructures, resulting in the excellent electrocatalytic NOR performance with the highest NO3− yield of 72.69 µg h−1 mg−1act. and the maximum Faraday efficiency of 8.92% at 2.04 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) due to the synergistic effect of each component. Due to the doping effect, the appropriate oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity is achieved by Ti‐site, where OER principally occurs, providing *O during the non‐electrochemical step of NOR, while the electrocatalytic NOR process as the electrochemical conversion of inert N2 to active *NO intermediates mainly occurs at the Pd‐site. Especially, the sulfate radicals in situ formed on Pb/S–TiO2@2‐MeIm/PPy/GO further promote nitrogen adsorption and decrease the reaction energy barrier, resulting in the acceleration of NOR. It provides theoretical and practical experience for the design and preparation of NOR electrocatalysts.
Cu Direct Nanopatterning Using Solid‐State Electrochemical Dissolution at the Anode/Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Interface
Authors: Tsuji Atsuki , Morimoto Eita , Takizawa Masaru , Murata Junji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPatterned copper (Cu) has applications in various electronic devices such as metal interconnects. Electrochemical approaches to patterning, such as electrochemical machining and electroplating, are promising methods for the direct fabrication of patterns on Cu surfaces. However, owing to the use of electrolytes, this technique suffers from issues such as low patterning resolution and significant environmental impact. Herein, a novel direct electrochemical patterning technique for the anodic dissolution of Cu using a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) stamp with a patterned surface instead of a liquid electrolyte, is proposed. In this technique, an electrochemical reaction selectively ionizes the Cu surface in contact with the PEM stamp, enabling the fabrication of patterns on Cu surfaces with a resolution of several hundred nanometers under a low‐temperature air atmosphere. Overall, the proposed all‐solid‐state electrochemical patterning technique employing PEM stamps offers a facile, environmentally friendly, and direct process that does not use resists or harsh chemicals, making it a cost‐effective approach that can improve processing efficiency.
Ultralow Power Consumption Liquid Crystal Display Retaining Superior Image Qualities
Authors: Kim MinSu , Lee DaYeon , Park HanByeol , Jung Ha Young , Jung Junho , Baek Seung‐Hwa , Jung Jong‐Wook , Park Sun‐Mi , Kwon Ki‐Sun , Jin Heui‐Seok , Lee Dong‐Jin , Kim GwangTae , Park JeongKi , Lee Seung Hee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlobal energy policies have urged power consumption reductions for electronic devices. However, this is inconsistent with the users' need for enhanced device performance. In this work, converse flexoelectricity is used to reduce power consumption while maintaining the superior display image quality of liquid crystal display (LCD). The first 1 Hz‐refresh‐rate and flicker‐free fringe‐field switching (FFS) LCD for a 13.4‐inch laptop are reported. A noticeable brightness deviation is inevitable when driving voltage polarity is altered during low‐frequency driving, which is caused by the flexoelectric effect and voltage‐holding failure. The nature of the converse flexoelectric contribution of mesogenic systems with the optimum flexoelectric coefficients and molecular polarity, and developed materials based on findings is investigated. The quality of static images and videos at 1‐ and 10 Hz refresh rates, respectively, is maintained, and the measured power consumptions are reduced by 83% and 47% compared to that at a 60 Hz refresh rate, and minimal flicker level is measured by −68 dB. It is believed that this will serve as a new paradigm for energy consumption in electronic devices with superior display performance of FFS LCDs.
Direct Laser Write‐Read‐Erase in a Functional Molecular Phase Change Material–Polymer Nanocomposite Thin Film
Authors: Maurya Ritesh Singh , Chaudhary Nitin , Srujana P. , Rajput Vinod K. , Naraharisetty Sri Ram G. , Radhakrishnan T. P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhase change materials based on organics and salt hydrates with large latent heats of transition are used extensively in energy storage systems; those based on low melting alloys exhibiting electrical/optical characteristics switching with amorphous‐crystalline (A ↔ C) transformations are of major interest in information storage devices. The direct laser write‐read‐erase is reported using a functional molecular phase change material. Facile and reversible A ↔ C transformations with concomitant switching of fluorescence emission color and intensity are demonstrated in polymer thin films doped with a diaminodicyanoquinodimethane based fluorophore using thermal operations as well as laser irradiation. In the mask‐less direct write‐erase process developed, the laser power and irradiation time are tuned to write and erase; the reading is carried out by exploiting the characteristic fluorescence signature. This work opens up a novel avenue to develop sensors and encryption systems exploiting organic molecule based optical materials encapsulated in polymer thin films.
Dispersion Engineering of In‐Plane Anisotropic Phonon Polaritons in hBN/Te van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Gong Youning , Zhu Jiaqi , Zhao Yanyu , Zhang Junrong , Hou Tao , Zhu Shan , Zhou Zhichao , Liang Jun , Li Delong , Wu Kedi , Chen Huanyang , Zhang Kai , Bao Qiaoliang , Zhang Yupeng , Wang Guo Ping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHyperbolic phonon polaritons in optically uniaxial hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have shown considerable potential for manipulating light on the deep‐subwavelength scale, but the inherent in‐plane isotropy of hBN hinders their further application in planar polariton meta‐optics. Engineering these polaritons to achieve ultraconfined in‐plane anisotropic propagation is of scientific significance for facilitating light–matter interactions toward an extreme scale. Here, the polariton features are systematically investigated in a vertically stacked van der Waals heterostructure consisting of hBN and tellurium (Te), a highly birefringent van der Waals crystal in the mid‐infrared region. Polaritons in this heterostructure exhibit Te‐thickness‐dependent anisotropic dispersion, and the configurable in‐plane anisotropy and enhanced field confinement are experimentally demonstrated using scanning near‐field optical microscopy. It is concluded that these findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of anisotropic polaritons in hBN van der Waals heterostructures, providing a practical avenue for effectively engineering anisotropic PhPs in an intrinsically isotropic van der Waals material.
Site Preference Induced Dual‐Wavelength Mn2+ Upconversion in K2NaScF6:Yb3+, Mn2+ and Its Application in Temperature Sensing
Authors: Liu Dongxi , Zeng Chuanyu , Wang Juan , Liang Anxian , Zhao Jialong , Zou Bingsuo , Han Xinxin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe realization of dual‐wavelength Mn2+ upconversion (UC) luminescence that exhibits different thermal responsive behaviors is promising for non‐invasive optical temperature sensing applications. However, it remains challenging to achieve such luminescence of Mn2+ ions. Herein, due to the site preference characteristics of Mn2+, color tunable and dual‐wavelength Mn2+ UC luminescence is achieved in K2NaScF6:Yb3+, Mn2+ by simply adjusting the Mn2+ doping concentration. Structural and spectral analysis as well as theoretical calculations reveal that the green and red UC emissions originate from two kinds of face‐sharing Yb3+‐Mn2+ dimers, which exhibit different luminescence properties, including different emission wavelength, excited state lifetime, full width at half maximum (FWHM), and luminescence thermal stability. This unique dual‐wavelength UC luminescence of Mn2+ provides a new type of fluorescence intensity ratio thermometer with absolute and relative sensitivities of up to 0.018 K−1 and 0.525% K−1, respectively. This work not only demonstrates the potential application of K2NaScF6:Yb3+, Mn2+ material in the field of optical thermometry but also provides new perspectives for designing multi‐band Mn2+ UC luminescence.
TRAF4‐Mediated LAMTOR1 Ubiquitination Promotes mTORC1 Activation and Inhibits the Inflammation‐Induced Colorectal Cancer Progression
Authors: Zhao Linlin , Gao Ni , Peng Xiaoping , Chen Lei , Meng Tong , Jiang Cong , Jin Jiali , Zhang Jiawen , Duan Qiuhui , Tian Hongling , Weng Linjun , Wang Xinbo , Tan Xiao , Li Yaxu , Qin Huanlong , Yuan Jian , Ge Xin , Deng Lu , Wang Ping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a conserved serine/threonine kinase that integrates various environmental signals to regulate cell growth and metabolism. mTORC1 activation requires tethering to lysosomes by the Ragulator‐Rag complex. However, the dynamic regulation of the interaction between Ragulator and Rag guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) remains unclear. In this study, that LAMTOR1, an essential component of Ragulator, is dynamically ubiquitinated depending on amino acid abundance is reported. It is found that the E3 ligase TRAF4 directly interacts with LAMTOR1 and catalyzes the K63‐linked polyubiquitination of LAMTOR1 at K151. Ubiquitination of LAMTOR1 by TRAF4 promoted its binding to Rag GTPases and enhanced mTORC1 activation, K151R knock‐in or TRAF4 knock‐out blocks amino acid‐induced mTORC1 activation and accelerates the development of inflammation‐induced colon cancer. This study revealed that TRAF4‐mediated LAMTOR1 ubiquitination is a regulatory mechanism for mTORC1 activation and provides a therapeutic target for diseases involving mTORC1 dysregulation.
A Promising New Model: Establishment of Patient‐Derived Organoid Models Covering HPV‐Related Cervical Pre‐Cancerous Lesions and Their Cancers
Authors: Hu Bai , Wang Renjie , Wu Di , Long Rui , Fan Junpeng , Hu Zhe , Hu Xingyuan , Ma Ding , Li Fang , Sun Chaoyang , Liao Shujie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe lack of human‐derived in vitro models that recapitulate cervical pre‐cancerous lesions has been the bottleneck in researching human papillomavirus (HPV) infection‐associated pre‐cancerous lesions and cancers for a long time. Here, a long‐term 3D organoid culture protocol for high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical squamous cell carcinoma that stably recapitulates the two tissues of origin is described. Originating from human‐derived samples, a small biobank of cervical pre‐tumoroids and tumoroids that faithfully retains genomic and transcriptomic characteristics as well as the causative HPV genome is established. Cervical pre‐tumoroids and tumoroids show differential responses to common chemotherapeutic agents and grow differently as xenografts in mice. By coculture organoid models with peripheral blood immune cells (PBMCs) stimulated by HPV antigenic peptides, it is illustrated that both organoid models respond differently to immunized PBMCs, supporting organoids as reliable and powerful tools for studying virus‐specific T‐cell responses and screening therapeutic HPV vaccines. In this study, a model of cervical pre‐cancerous lesions containing HPV is established for the first time, overcoming the bottleneck of the current model of human cervical pre‐cancerous lesions. This study establishes an experimental platform and biobanks for in vitro mechanistic research, therapeutic vaccine screening, and personalized treatment for HPV‐related cervical diseases.
BMP‐ACVR1 Axis is Critical for Efficacy of PRC2 Inhibitors in B‐Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Liu Dongdong , Li Zhen , Tan Dongxia , An Yang , Chu Liping , Chen Tiancheng , Li Weijia , Zhou Ailin , Xiang Ruijie , Zhang Liye , Qu Yuxiu , Qi Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEZH2 is the catalytic subunit of the histone methyltransferase Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), and its somatic activating mutations drive lymphoma, particularly the germinal center B‐cell type. Although PRC2 inhibitors, such as tazemetostat, have demonstrated anti‐lymphoma activity in patients, the clinical efficacy is not limited to EZH2‐mutant lymphoma. In this study, Activin A Receptor Type 1 (ACVR1), a type I Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) receptor, is identified as critical for the anti‐lymphoma efficacy of PRC2 inhibitors through a whole‐genome CRISPR screen. BMP6, BMP7, and ACVR1 are repressed by PRC2‐mediated H3K27me3, and PRC2 inhibition upregulates their expression and signaling in cell and patient‐derived xenograft models. Through BMP‐ACVR1 signaling, PRC2 inhibitors robustly induced cell cycle arrest and B cell lineage differentiation in vivo. Remarkably, blocking ACVR1 signaling using an inhibitor or genetic depletion significantly compromised the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of PRC2 inhibitors. Furthermore, high levels of BMP6 and BMP7, along with ACVR1, are associated with longer survival in lymphoma patients, underscoring the clinical relevance of this study. Altogether, BMP‐ACVR1 exhibits anti‐lymphoma function and represents a critical PRC2‐repressed pathway contributing to the efficacy of PRC2 inhibitors.
Unraveling Non‐Uniform Strain‐Induced Crystallization Near a Crack Tip in Natural Rubber
Authors: Mai Thanh‐Tam , Yasui Tomohiro , Tanaka Ruito , Masunaga Hiroyasu , Kabe Taizo , Tsunoda Katsuhiko , Sakurai Shinichi , Urayama Kenji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStrain‐induced crystallization (SIC) in natural rubber (NR) near crack tips significantly enhances crack growth resistance, but understanding the interplay between local strain field and crystallization remains challenging due to confined and heterogeneous characteristics. Using micro‐scale digital image correlation (DIC) and scanning wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD, with a narrow 10 µm square beam), this study maps local strain tensor properties and SIC in the vicinity of the crack tip and its peripheral zone (≈3 mm × 1 mm area). The analysis reveals a significant correlation between these properties. In the peripheral zone, there is a noticeable deviation of both the principal strain axis and the crystal orientation from the crack opening direction. These deviations are linearly correlated, which indicates that shear strain plays a significant role in determining the crystal orientation. Crucially, the maximum tensile component in the tensor of local principal strains predominantly dictates local crystallinity. This simplicity is attributed to the limited variation in types of deformation within the SIC region, with corresponding to deformations falling between planar and uniaxial stretching. These findings pave the way for predicting crystallinity distribution using solely strain field data, offering valuable insights into the role of SIC in enhancing the crack growth resistance of NR.
Facile Hydrogen‐Bonding Assisted Crystallization Modulation for Large‐area High‐quality CsPbI2Br Films and Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Li Ming‐Hua , Gong Xueyuan , Wang Shuo , Li Liang , Fu Jiaju , Wu Jinpeng , Tan Zhan'ao , Hu Jin‐Song 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe thermally stable inorganic cesium‐based perovskites promise efficient and stable photovoltaics. Unfortunately, the strong ionic bonds lead to uncontrollable rapid crystallization, making it difficult in fabricating large‐area black‐phase film for photovoltaics. Herein, we developed a facile hydrogen‐bonding assisted strategy for modulating the crystallization of CsPbI2Br to achieve uniform large‐area phase‐pure films with much‐reduced defects. The simple addition of methylamine acetate in precursors not only promotes the formation of intermediate phase via hydrogen bonding to circumvent the direct crystallization of CsPbI2Br from ionic precursors but also widens the film processing window, thus enabling to fabricate large‐area high‐quality phase‐pure CsPbI2Br film under benign conditions. Combining with stable dopant‐free poly(3‐hexylthiophene), the CsPbI2Br solar cells achieve the record‐high efficiencies of 18.14 % and 16.46 % for 0.1 cm2 and 1 cm2 active area, respectively. The obtained high efficiency of 38.24 % under 1000 lux illumination suggests its potential in indoor photovoltaics for powering the Internet of Things, etc.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar‐Chiral Sulfur‐Containing Cyclophanes by Chiral Sulfide Catalyzed Electrophilic Sulfenylation of Arenes
Authors: Zhu Deng , Mu Tong , Li Ze‐Long , Luo Hui‐Yun , Cao Ren‐Fei , Xue Xiao‐Song , Chen Zhi‐Min 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn efficient catalytic asymmetric electrophilic sulfenylation reaction for the synthesis of planar‐chiral sulfur‐containing cyclophanes has been developed for the first time. This was achieved by using a new Lewis base catalyst and a new ortho‐trifluoromethyl‐substituted sulfenylating reagent. Using the substrates with low rotational energy barrier, the transformation proceeded through a dynamic kinetic resolution, and the high rotational energy barrier of the substrates allowed the reaction to undergo a kinetic resolution process. Meanwhile, this transformation was compatible with a desymmetrization process when the symmetric substrates were used. Various planar‐chiral sulfur‐containing cyclophanes were readily obtained in moderate to excellent yields with moderate to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97 % yield and 95 % ee). This approach was used to synthesize pharmaceutically relevant planar‐chiral sulfur‐containing molecules. Density functional theory calculations showed that π‐π interactions between the sulfenyl group and the aromatic ring in the substrate play a crucial role in enantioinduction in this sulfenylation reaction.