bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
10 μm‐Level TiNb2O7 Secondary Particles for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fan Jing , Chen Zhengxu , Liang Chennan , Tao Kai , Zhang Ming , Sun Yongming , Zhan Renming 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTiNb2O7 with Wadsley–Roth phase delivers double theoretical specific capacity and similar working potential in comparison to spinel Li4Ti5O12, the commercial high‐rate anode material, and thus can enable much higher energy density of lithium‐ion batteries. However, the inter‐particle resistance within the high‐mass‐loading TiNb2O7 electrode would impede the capacity release for practical application, especially under fast‐charging conditions. Herein, 10–20 μm‐size carbon‐coated TiNb2O7 secondary particle (SP‐TiNb2O7) consisting of initial micro‐scale TiNb2O7 particles (MP‐TiNb2O7) was fabricated. The high crystallinity of active material could enable fast‐charge diffusion and electrochemical reaction rate within particles, and the small number of stacking layers of SP‐TiNb2O7 could reduce the large inter‐particle resistance that regular particle electrode often possess and achieve high compaction density of electrodes with high mass loading. The investigation on materials structure and electrochemical reaction kinetics verified the advances of the as‐fabricated SP‐TiNb2O7 in achieving superior electrochemical performance. The SP‐TiNb2O7 exhibited high reversible capacity of 292.7 mAh g−1 in the potential range of 1–3 V (Li+/Li) at 0.1 C, delivering high‐capacity release of 94.3 %, and high capacity retention of 86 % at 0.5 C for 250 cycles in half cell configuration. Particularly, the advances of such an anode were verified in practical 5 Ah‐level laminated full pouch cell. The as‐assembled LiFePO4||TiNb2O7 full cell exhibited a high capacity of 5.08 Ah at high charging rate of 6 C (77.9 % of that at 0.2 C of 6.52 Ah), as well as an ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.0352 % for 250 cycles at 1 C, suggesting the great potential for practical fast‐charging lithium‐ion batteries.
Comprehensive vasodilatation in women with acute heart failure: Novel insights from the GALACTIC randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wussler Desiree , Belkin Maria , Maeder Micha T. , Walter Joan , Shrestha Samyut , Kupska Karolina , Stierli Michelle , Flores Dayana , Kozhuharov Nikola , Gualandro Danielle Menosi , de Oliveira Junior Mucio Tavares , Sabti Zaid , Noveanu Markus , Socrates Thenral , Bayés‐Genis Antoni , Sionis Alessandro , Simon Patrick , Michou Eleni , Gujer Samuel , Gori Tommaso , Wenzel Philip , Pfister Otmar , Arenja Nisha , Kobza Richard , Rickli Hans , Breidthardt Tobias , Münzel Thomas , Mueller Christian ,   for the GALACTIC Investigators
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsSex‐specific differences in acute heart failure (AHF) are both relevant and underappreciated. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the risk/benefit ratio and the implementation of novel AHF therapies in women and men separately.Methods and resultsWe performed a pre‐defined sex‐specific analysis in AHF patients randomized to a strategy of early intensive and sustained vasodilatation versus usual care in an international, multicentre, open‐label, blinded endpoint trial. Inclusion criteria were AHF with increased plasma concentrations of natriuretic peptides, systolic blood pressure ≥100 mmHg, and plan for treatment in a general ward. Among 781 eligible patients, 288 (37%) were women. Women were older (median 83 vs. 76 years), had a lower body weight (median 64.5 vs. 77.6 kg) and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (median 48 vs. 54 ml/min/1.73 m2). The primary endpoint, a composite of all‐cause mortality or rehospitalization for AHF at 180 days, showed a significant interaction of treatment strategy and sex (p for interaction = 0.03; hazard ratio adjusted for female sex 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.05–2.50; p = 0.03). The combined endpoint occurred in 53 women (38%) in the intervention group and in 35 (24%) in the usual care group. The implementation of rapid up‐titration of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors was less successful in women versus men in the overall cohort and in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (median discharge % target dose in patients randomized to intervention: 50% in women vs. 75% in men).ConclusionRapid up‐titration of RAAS inhibitors was less successfully implemented in women possibly explaining their higher rate of all‐cause mortality and rehospitalization for AHF.Clinical Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, unique identifier NCT00512759.
DFT Studies on Pd/Xiao‐Phos‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Arylation of Secondary Phosphine Oxides
Authors: Liu Si‐Yuan , Li Zhi‐Ming , Guo Hao , Zhang Jun‐Liang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAsymmetric arylation of secondary phosphine oxides (SPOs) has been rapidly developed, while there are few theoretical studies reported. DFT computations were carried out to study the whole catalytic cycle of Pd/Xiao‐Phos‐catalyzed asymmetric arylation of SPOs, and a modified mechanism including tautomerization and arylation was presented. Some new tautomerization mechanisms have been traversed, including base‐assisted and Pd/Xiao‐Phos‐catalyzed tautomerization. These are different from the existing report, where base‐assisted tautomerization is the most favored. The resulting intermediate enters the downstream arylation directly. Furthermore, oxidative addition is identified as the enantioselectivity‐determining step. IGMH analysis results indicate that the different non‐bonding interactions between Xiao‐Phos and SPO parts determine the enantioselectivity. This work not only provides deeper insights into the self‐adaptive property of SadPhos ligands but also offers valuable guidance for ligand design. Newly proposed tautomerization mechanisms will also bring some inspiration to subsequent related research.
Implantation and reimplantation of intracranial EEG electrodes in patients considering epilepsy surgery
Authors: Eelbode Céline , Spinelli Laurent , Corniola Marco , Momjian Shahan , Seeck Margitta , Schaller Karl , Mégevand Pierre 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy who are considering surgery, intracranial EEG (iEEG) helps delineate the putative epileptogenic zone. In a minority of patients, iEEG fails to identify seizure onsets. In such cases, it might be worthwhile to reimplant more iEEG electrodes. The consequences of such a strategy for the patient are unknown. We matched 12 patients in whom the initially implanted iEEG electrodes did not delineate the seizure onset zone precisely enough to offer resective surgery, and in whom additional iEEG electrodes were implanted during the same inpatient stay, to controls who did not undergo reimplantation. Seven cases and eight controls proceeded to resective surgery. No intracranial infection occurred. One control suffered an intracranial hemorrhage. Three cases and two controls suffered from a post‐operative neurological or neuropsychological deficit. We found no difference in post‐operative seizure control between cases and controls. Compared to an ILAE score of 5 (ie, stable seizure frequency in the absence of resective surgery), cases showed significant improvement. Reimplantation of iEEG electrodes can offer the possibility of resective epilepsy surgery to patients in whom the initial iEEG investigation was inconclusive, without compromising on the risk of complications or seizure control.
When Theory Meets Practice: Promoting Participatory Creativity Through World‐Building
Authors: Artigau Ana Inés Jorge , Bosch Teresa , Trosserro Ignacio , Aguilar Florencia 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThis article addresses that there has been a shift in the field of creativity, evidenced in the socio‐cultural manifesto written in 2019. This shift invites us to rethink our focus on education. The change proposed here is a change of perspective: stop focusing on the individual and instead consider the whole picture where the individual encounters a context with others and materials to think. The individual seeks a purpose in the world that allows a point of view to emerge. World‐building proposes a similar shift when it comes to storytelling. The objective is to develop a story not around a character but imagining a world where individuals emerge. This article seeks to understand whether this particular outtake on education might be a way to foster this perspective on creativity. To answer this question, we will analyze the students' final reflections once they finish the semester. The answers belong to two different cohorts, in the year 2021 and 2022, from the Universidad Austral in Argentina. The student's responses will be analyzed using the coding method developed by Strauss and Corbin. The codes will allow us to group the main findings. Each family group will be described to understand if they are similar to what the manifesto states.
Fabrication of myristic acid–potato starch complex nanostructures and assessment of their cytotoxic behavior
Authors: Almushawah Mushawah Abdullah , Athinarayanan Jegan , Periasamy Vaiyapuri Subbarayan , Alshatwi Ali A 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDLipids and carbohydrates perform essential functions in foods. In recent decades, food scientists have studied the effects of carbohydrate‐lipid interactions on the functional properties of food. However, the ways in which carbohydrate‐lipid complex‐derived materials affect the biological system are unknown. In this study, a myristic acid‐potato starch complex was created using a simple cooking approach. The complex was employed as a precursor for the fabrication of myristic acid–potato starch complex‐based nanostructured materials (MPS‐NMs) through a liquid–liquid extraction approach. A study was conducted on the structural and cytotoxic features of the fabricated MPS‐NMs.RESULTSTransmission electron microscopy images confirmed the formation of spherical nanostructures, 3–60 nm in size. After 24 h exposure, the chloroform fraction‐based and n‐hexane fraction‐based MPS‐NMs increased cell death by ~90% and ~ 82%, respectively. Chloroform fraction‐based MPS‐NMs (CMPS‐NMs) triggers apoptotic cell death in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). n‐Hexane fraction‐based MPS‐NMs (HMPS‐NMs) treated cells have red color‐intact nuclei, attributed to necrotic cell death. The CMPS‐NMs and HMPS‐NMs significantly decreased the mitochondria membrane potential and increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. We observed significant downregulation in flavin‐containing monooxygenase (FMO), Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM), and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) gene expression levels in the exposed cells of CMPS‐NMs and HMPS‐ NMs. In addition, we found upregulation of glutathione‐disulfide reductase (GSR) and glutathione S‐transferase A4 (GSTA4) genes in CMPS‐NMs, and HMPS‐NMs exposure.CONCLUSIONThe cooking process may lead to the formation of nanostructured material in food systems. Chloroform fraction‐based MPS‐NMs and HMPS‐NMs may contribute to cell metabolic disorders. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Investigation of alternative two‐phase solvent systems for purification of natural products by centrifugal partition chromatography
Authors: Michel Thomas , Loyet Célestine , Boulho Romain , Eveno Magalie , Audo Grégoire 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionCentrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) is a liquid–liquid chromatography characterised by its solvent flexibility. The compounds undergoing separation are subjected to a continuous partition process between two immiscible phases in a column space free of solid support. In the context of green chemistry, it is important to substitute halogenated and petroleum‐based solvents commonly used in purification processes.ObjectivesThe main goal of the current study was to replace classical solvents used in CPC (e.g., hexane and methanol) by green and renewable alternatives.MethodsSolvents were first selected based on literature. Their commercial availability, price, recyclability, toxicity and ability to form two phases were particularly sought after.Key findingsThe new two‐phase solvent systems were evaluated for the purification of two compounds of interest: piperine and cannabidiol. Using these alternative two‐phase solvent systems allows us to isolate natural products with a high purity level (> 95%).ConclusionSubstituting petroleum‐based solvents with bio‐sourced, renewable alternatives reduces the environmental impact of CPC. Herein, new biphasic solvent systems were built using hexamethyldisiloxane, ethyl isobutyrate and 2‐methyl tetrahydrofuran in combination with ethanol and water. Furthermore, this research provides a scientific basis for developing new and sustainable solvent systems in CPC.
Astaxanthin supplementation impact on insulin resistance, lipid profile, blood pressure, and oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome patients: A triple‐blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jabarpour Masoome , Aleyasin Ashraf , Shabani Nashtaei Maryam , Amidi Fardin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAstaxanthin (ASX) is a natural carotenoid compound found in several of microorganisms and seafood. It may have numerous therapeutic benefits for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ASX on lipid profile, insulin resistance (IR), blood pressure (BP), and oxidative stress (OS) levels in infertile PCOS patients. Overall, 58 infertile women with diagnosed PCOS participated in this triple‐blind randomized clinical trial. They were randomly assigned to two groups, taking either a placebo or ASX (2 × 6 mg/day) for 8 weeks. Blood serum samples were collected from patients before and after the intervention. Fasting Insulin (FI), fasting blood glucose (FBS), OS markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]), and lipid profiles were evaluated in serum. Moreover, based on the relevant formula, several indices associated with IR were calculated. BP was also assessed at the start and end of the study. After 8 weeks of ASX consumption, a significant reduction was observed in fasting blood sugar, HOMA‐IR, FI, MDA, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, and TC/HDL‐C. Conversely, ASX significantly increased TAC, HDL‐C, and QUICKI. After adjusting the analysis for the baseline values of age, body mass index, and biochemical parameters, non‐significant values were obtained for QUICKI and FI, along with no changes in other findings. Overall, ASX appears to be an effective and safe supplement that alleviates insulin metabolism, lipid profile parameters, and OS in infertile PCOS patients.
The hyper‐Wiener Index of diamond nanowires
Authors: Nagy Benedek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCarbon nanowires based on various structures have various applications. In this article, our focus is on diamond nano‐wires, based on the structure of the diamond. Our goal is to characterize these nanowires by providing their hyper‐Wiener index, one of the basic topological graph indices. The diamond is formed by carbon atoms in a compact structure: every atom has exactly four neighbors connected by covalent bonds according to the simplest three‐dimensional polyhedron. Considering an atom in the center of a tetrahedron, its neighbors, the atoms connected to it by bonds, are located in the corners of the tetrahedron. In this article, this “diamond‐grid” structure is analysed in the case that the graphs correspond to connected parts of sequences of unit cells, in this way forming nanowires of various lengths. By a combinatorial approach, a closed formula is proven for the hyper‐Wiener index based on the graph‐distances of every pair of carbon atoms (i.e., the minimal number of edges connecting the atoms), and this formula depends only on the size of the graph in terms of the number of unit cells included.
The Erlang weighted tree, a new branching process
Authors: Moharrami M. , Subramanian V. , Liu M. , Sundaresan R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study a new discrete tree and the resulting branching process, which we call the erlang weighted tree(EWT). The EWT appears as the local weak limit of a random graph model proposed in La and Kabkab, Internet Math. 11 (2015), no. 6, 528–554. In contrast to the local weak limit of well‐known random graph models, the EWT has an interdependent structure. In particular, its vertices encode a multi‐type branching process with uncountably many types. We derive the main properties of the EWT, such as the probability of extinction, growth rate, and so forth. We show that the probability of extinction is the smallest fixed point of an operator. We then take a point process perspective and analyze the growth rate operator. We derive the Krein–Rutman eigenvalue and the corresponding eigenfunctions of the growth operator, and show that the probability of extinction equals one if and only if .
Intestinal injury and vasculitis biomarkers in cats with feline enteric coronavirus and effusive feline infectious peritonitis
Authors: Gülersoy Erdem , Ok Mahmut , Üney Kamil , Durgut Murat Kaan , Parlak Tuğba Melike , Ekici Yusuf Emre 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate intestinal injury, repair and vasculitis biomarkers that may illuminate the progression and/or pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) or feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) infection.Materials and methodsA total of 40 cats with effusive FIP (30 with abdominal effusion, AE group; 10 with thoracic effusion, TE group) and 10 asymptomatic but FECV positive cats (FECV group), all were confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction either in faeces or effusion samples. Physical examinations and effusion tests were performed. Trefoil factor‐3 (TFF‐3), intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I‐FABP), myeloperoxidase‐anti‐neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (MPO‐ANCA) and proteinase 3‐ANCA (PR3‐ANCA) concentrations were measured both in serum and effusion samples.ResultsRectal temperature and respiratory rate were highest in the TE group (p < 0.000). Effusion white blood cell count was higher in the AE group than TE group (p < 0.042). Serum TFF‐3, IAP and I‐FABP concentrations were higher in cats with effusive FIP than the cats with FECV (p < 0.05). Compared with the AE group, TE group had lower effusion MPO‐ANCA (p < 0.036), higher IAP (p < 0.050) and higher TFF‐3 (p < 0.016) concentrations.Clinical significanceMarkers of intestinal and epithelial surface injury were higher in cats with effusive FIP than those with FECV. Compared to cats with abdominal effusions, markers of apoptosis inhibition and immunostimulation to the injured epithelium were more potent in cats with thoracic effusion, suggesting the possibility of a poorer prognosis or more advanced disease in these patients.
Towards Early Dark Energy in string theory
Authors: McDonough Evan , Scalisi Marco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Early Dark Energy (EDE) is a prominent model to resolve the Hubble tension, which employs a dynamical axion with a periodic potential. In this work, we take first steps towards the embedding of this model into stable compactifications of string theory. First, we provide a pedagogical review of the EDE scenario and its main challenges. Second, we construct a simple supergravity toy model using only minimal ingredients. Already at this level, we can understand the origin of the harmonics of the EDE scalar potential in terms of a delicate balance of the leading terms from separate non-perturbative effects. Third and final, we embed the model into a KKLT-type compactification, with the EDE scalar field realized by a two-form axion. We find that a successful embedding, with all moduli stabilized, requires restrictive assumptions, which are lacking at present a known string theory implementation mechanism, both on the Pfaffians and on the exponents of the non-perturbative terms responsible for the EDE dynamics. We point out that such non-generic conditions reflect well known challenges of the EDE model and further investigation might guide us towards a conclusive resolution. An alternative viewpoint suggests that rather than serving as the foundation for a string theory embedding, these conditions might instead indicate that EDE is, in fact, incompatible with string theory, at least in the realizations we study here. Further investigation will be needed to ascertain the status of EDE in string theory.
Next-to-leading power resummed rapidity distributions near threshold for Drell-Yan and diphoton production
Authors: van Bijleveld Robin , Laenen Eric , Vernazza Leonardo , Wang Guoxing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We consider Drell-Yan production and QCD-induced diphoton production and compute their rapidity distributions up to next-to-leading power (NLP) in the threshold variable. We give results for rapidity distributions of the Drell-Yan process up to NNLO accuracy and show that a factorised structure occurs for the leading logarithms (LL) at NLP, generalising the result at leading power. For diphoton production, we generalise methods based on kinematical shifts to find the NLO cross section up to NLP for rapidity distributions. From the results for these two processes, we derive resummed cross sections at NLP LL accuracy that are double differential in the threshold variable and the rapidity variable, which generalise results for single differential resummed cross sections.
Resonances and Weighted Zeta Functions for Obstacle Scattering via Smooth Models
Authors: Delarue Benjamin , Schütte Philipp , Weich Tobias 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider a geodesic billiard system consisting of a complete Riemannian manifold and an obstacle submanifold with boundary at which the trajectories of the geodesic flow experience specular reflections. We show that if the geodesic billiard system is hyperbolic on its trapped set and the latter is compact and non-grazing, the techniques for open hyperbolic systems developed by Dyatlov and Guillarmou (Ann Henri Poincaré 17(11):3089–3146, 2016) can be applied to a smooth model for the discontinuous flow defined by the non-grazing billiard trajectories. This allows us to obtain a meromorphic resolvent for the generator of the billiard flow. As an application we prove a meromorphic continuation of weighted zeta functions together with explicit residue formulae. In particular, our results apply to scattering by convex obstacles in the Euclidean plane.
Anästhesie bei organtransplantierten Patient:innen
Authors: Fiala Anna , Breitkopf Robert , Sinner Barbara , Mathis Simon , Martini Judith 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungOrgantransplantierte Patient:innen, die sich einem operativen Eingriff unterziehen müssen, der nicht im Zusammenhang mit ihrer Transplantation steht, können die betreuenden Anästhesist:innen vor große Herausforderungen stellen. Einerseits gilt es, die Transplantatfunktion in der perioperativen Phase sorgfältig hinsichtlich des Auftretens einer etwaigen Abstoßungsreaktion zu überwachen. Andererseits müssen die laufende Immunsuppression ggf. bezüglich des Wirkstoffes und/oder des Applikationsweges den perioperativen Erfordernissen angepasst sowie das sich aus ihr ergebende erhöhte Infektionsrisiko und mögliche Nebenwirkungen (wie z. B. Myelosuppression, Nephrotoxizität, Beeinträchtigung der Wundheilung usw.) in das perioperative Behandlungskonzept integriert werden. Des Weiteren sind möglicherweise persistierende Komorbiditäten der Grunderkrankung sowie physiologische Spezifika infolge der Organtransplantation zu beachten. Hierbei kann auf die Expertise das jeweiligen Transplantationszentrums zurückgegriffen werden.