bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Zeeman effect: applications to solar physics
Authors: Landi Degl'Innocenti E. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis contribution is intended to give a brief review of some of the results concerning the Zeeman effect which have been recently published in the literature or which appear to be particularly relevant at the light of recent technological improvements in observations. The arguments emphasized are the Zeeman effect in molecular lines, the asymmetries observed in Stokes profiles from sunspots, and the interpretation of spectropolarimetric observations in the infrared.
Studying magneto‐convection by numerical simulation
Authors: Vögler A. , Schüssler M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractFollowing a brief overview of the two main approaches to investigate the interaction between magnetic fields and convective flows near the solar surface layers by numerical simulation, namely idealized model problems and ‘realistic’ large‐eddy simulations, we present first results obtained with a newly developed MHD code. The first example concerns the realistic simulation of the magnetic field dynamics in a solar plage region while the second example demonstrates small‐scale dynamo action in idealized compressible convection.
Invasive echocardiography: The use of catheter imaging by the interventional cardiologist
Authors: Rhodes John F. , Lane Geoffrey K. , Tuzcu E. Murat , Latson Larry A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractUltrasound imaging is frequently used for diagnostic purposes or guidance during procedures in the pediatric and congenital cardiac catheterization laboratory. As new imaging modalities emerged, many interventional cardiologists rather than noninvasive specialists are now performing the ultrasound imaging as part of the catheterization. The focus of this discussion will be to detail the technique and application of echocardiography by the interventional cardiologist. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:277–290. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nonhealing wound resulting from a foreign‐body reaction to a radial arterial sheath
Authors: Subramanian Rajesh , White Christopher J. , Sternbergh W. Charles , Ferguson Daniel L. , Gilchrist Ian C. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSeveral patients developed sterile inflammation at their radial arterial access site. Pathologic examination of biopsy material from one patient demonstrated a foreign‐body reaction to material most likely from the gel‐coated arterial access sheath. Surgical excision of the inflamed tissue resulted in healing. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:205–206. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is adjunctive balloon postdilatation necessary after coronary stent deployment? Final results from the POSTIT trial
Authors: Brodie Bruce R. , Cooper Christopher , Jones Michael , Fitzgerald Peter , Cummins Frank 
Published: May 2003

AbstractEarly‐generation balloon‐expandable stents required postdilatation with noncompliant balloons at high pressure to optimize stent deployment. The need for adjunctive balloon postdilatation with modern stent delivery systems is unknown. Patients undergoing elective stenting were randomized to Boston Scientific NIR, Guidant Tri‐Star/Tetra, and Medtronic AVE S670 stents. The primary endpoint was optimum stent deployment defined as a minimal stent diameter (MSD) ≥ 90% of the average reference lumen diameter assessed by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) performed immediately following stent deployment. If, by operator assessment, the primary endpoint was not achieved with the stent delivery system, adjunctive postdilatation with noncompliant balloons was performed. Of 256 patients with IVUS studies adequate for core laboratory analysis, only 29% achieved optimum stent deployment with the stent delivery system. None of the baseline clinical or angiographic variables predicted optimum stent deployment. Of the procedural variables, the type of stent and nominal stent size were not predictors, but higher deployment pressures were associated with a higher frequency of optimum stent deployment (< 12 atm 14% vs. ≥ 12 atm 36%; P = 0.007). The inability to achieve optimum stent deployment was not due to undersizing the stent delivery balloon, but rather to an inability of the stent delivery balloon to expand fully the stent to nominal size. In patients who underwent postdilatation, the frequency of achieving optimum stent deployment increased from 21% to 42%, minimal stent area increased from 6.6 ± 2.2 to 7.8 ± 2.3 mm2, and MSD increased from 2.6 ± 0.5 to 2.8 ± 0.4 mm. These data stress the continued need for adjunctive balloon postdilatation with modern stent delivery systems. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:184–192. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlates of failure following treatment with Sr‐90 beta irradiation for in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Almeda Francis Q. , Chua David Y. , Nathan Sandeep , Kim Susie , Meyer Peter M. , Nguyen Cam , Chu James C.H. , Kavinsky Clifford J. , Snell R. Jeffrey , Schaer Gary L. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractWe sought to determine the correlates of failure following intracoronary radiation therapy (IRT) with Sr‐90 using the Novoste Beta‐Cath system for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis (ISR) in a broad range of patients. IRT has been shown to be more efficacious compared to placebo for the treatment of ISR in large randomized trials. However, even in patients treated with IRT, major adverse cardiac events occur in approximately 20% of cases on follow‐up. This trial sought to elucidate the correlates of failure following successful IRT for ISR. To determine the correlates of IRT failure, we retrospectively compared the demographics, lesion characteristics, and clinical outcomes of 102 consecutive patients with ISR treated with Sr‐90 from September 1998 to July 2001. IRT failure was defined as death, myocardial infarction (MI), or target vessel revascularization (TVR) due to repeat ISR on follow‐up. A comparison of the clinical and angiographic profile of IRT failures (n = 16) vs. IRT successes (n = 86) revealed that a history of smoking (75% vs. 40%; P = 0.012), current use of calcium channel blockers (84% vs. 45%; P = 0.013), ostial location of target lesion (44% vs. 16%; P = 0.020), and mean posttreatment minimal luminal diameter (MLD; 1.64 ± 0.19 vs. 2.21 ± 0.29 mm; P < 0.001), respectively, were correlated with failure using univariate analysis. After multivariate regression analysis, the correlates of failure that remained significant were treatment of an ostial lesion (OR = 31.2; 95% CI = 2.6–382.7; P = 0.007) and final posttreatment MLD (P < 0.001). Ostial location of target lesion and smaller posttreatment MLD are correlated with subsequent death, MI, and TVR following therapy with Sr‐90 for ISR. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:176–183. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vessel caliber and restenosis: A prospective clinical and angiographic study of NIR stent deployment in small and large coronary arteries in the same patient
Authors: Ruygrok Peter N. , Webster Mark W. , Ardill Justin J. , Chan Charles C. , Mak Koon H. , Meredith Ian T. , Stewart James T. , Ormiston John A. , Price Sue 
Published: May 2003

AbstractRetrospective analyses of patient cohorts undergoing stent deployment have shown that small vessel diameter and long lesion length are two angiographic predictors of increased restenosis. We determined the effects of these factors in patients with lesions treated in both small‐ and large‐diameter coronary arteries. This multicenter prospective quantitative angiographic study evaluated patients with de novo coronary disease undergoing intervention who had at least two lesions ≤ 16 mm length, one in a vessel ≤ 2.75 mm diameter (9 or 16 mm length seven‐cell NIR stent) and the other in a vessel ≥ 3.0 mm diameter (9 or 16 mm nine‐cell NIR stent). Of 94 patients enrolled, 76% were male, mean age was 62 years (range, 40–85), 41% were hypertensive, 18% had diabetes, 15% were current smokers, and 64% had hypercholesterolemia. Additional lesions were treated in 23% of patients. The procedural success rate was 99%. Six months postprocedure, there were no deaths or late stent occlusions. One patient suffered a Q‐wave myocardial infarction, one a non–Q‐wave infarction, eight underwent percutaneous reintervention, two coronary artery bypass graft surgery operations, and five stenting of other nonstudy lesions. The mean reference diameter for the small vessel was 2.35 mm and the large vessel 3.22 mm. Six‐month angiography was performed in 87 patients (92% of those eligible). The overall restenosis rate was 24% in the small vessel (9 mm length stent, 17%; 16 mm length stent, 30%) and 15% in the large vessel (9 mm length stent, 3%; 16 mm length stent, 22%), respectively. Multivessel stenting including treatment of lesions in small‐caliber vessels can be performed with a good clinical and angiographic outcome. When the patient, operator, technique, and stent type are the same, vessel caliber and stent length both appear to influence the restenosis rate. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:165–171. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unusual vertebral artery origins: Examples and related pathology
Authors: Koenigsberg Robert A. , Pereira Lorianne , Nair Bronwyn , McCormick Daniel , Schwartzman Robert 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAnomalies of the vertebral arteries are uncommon, but important to recognize in the diagnosis and catheter based evaluation and treatment of patients suffering cerebrovascular disease. This article illustrates our experience with such anomalies. These include the vertebral artery arising as the fourth and most distal branch of the aortic arch, as a right subclavian artery branch arising distal to the right thyrocervical trunk, as a right common carotid artery branch in a patient with an aberrant right subclavian artery, and a case of left vertebral artery proximal duplication, with both aortic and left subclavian vertebral arteries present in the same patient; the latter join to form a single distal cervical vertebral artery. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:244–250. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
One‐step treatment of patent ductus arteriosus and pulmonary artery stenosis by cardiac catheterization
Authors: Santoro Giuseppe , Bigazzi Maurizio Cappelli , Palladino Maria Teresa , Carrozza Marianna , Russo Maria Giovanna , Calabrò Raffaele 
Published: May 2003

AbstractCoexistence of pulmonary artery (PA) stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) may lead to overestimating the relative importance of these malformations. This article reports on a patient with a trivial PDA and severe PA stenosis erroneously diagnosed as moderate PDA. He was successfully submitted to simultaneous PA stenting and PDA embolization. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:271–275. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transcatheter closure of recurrent postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defects utilizing the Amplatzer postinfarction VSD device: A case series
Authors: Goldstein Jeffrey A. , Casserly Ivan P. , Balzer David T. , Lee Richard , Lasala John M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe initial therapy for postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defects is surgical repair of the defect. Unfortunately, a significant number of patients develop recurrent ventricular septal defects (VSDs) following operative repair. Transcatheter closure offers an alternative to reoperation in these critically ill patients. We present a series of four patients in whom recurrent ventricular septal defects were closed using an Amplatzer VSD device. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:238–243. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sterile inflammation associated with transradial catheterization and hydrophilic sheaths
Authors: Kozak Mark , Adams David R. , Ioffreda Michael D. , Nickolaus Michelle J. , Seery Thomas J. , Chambers Charles E. , Ettinger Steven M. , McNulty Patrick H. , Gilchrist Ian C. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn 1999, we noted the development of inflammation and/or abscesses at the site of radial access in a group of patients. Over a 3‐year period, we noted this inflammation in 33 patients out of 2,038 (1.6%) who had catheterization via the radial approach. The radial abscesses occurred in 30 patients out of 1,063 (2.8%) in whom we could confirm the use of a hydrophilic‐coated sheath, but in no patient for whom we can document that an uncoated sheath was used. No infectious agent could be implicated, and the time course for the development of the abscess, typically 2 to 3 weeks, seemed long for a bacterial infection. Later patients had biopsies, and granulomatous reactions were seen in most. Additionally, a few of the biopsies showed an amorphous extravascular substance consistent with the catheter coating. All patients had good long‐term outcomes. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:207–213. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compassionate use of the amplatzer ASD closure device for residual postinfarction ventricular septal rupture following surgical repair
Authors: Lowe Harry C. , Jang Ik‐Kyung , Yoerger Danita M. , MacGillivray Thomas E. , de Moor Michael , Palacios Igor F. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractWe report successful transcatheter closure of a post‐MI ventricular septal rupture acutely following unsuccessful surgical repair. Catheter closure was accomplished by the use of a 26‐mm Amplatzer atrial septal occluder. Initial attempts to close the defect with the use of 28‐mm and 33‐mm CARDIOSEAL were unsuccessful. Closure technique, immediate and long‐term follow‐up outcomes are reported. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:230–233. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Percutaneous interventions in radial artery grafts: Clinical and angiographic outcomes
Authors: Sharma Arvind K. , Ajani Andrew E. , Garg Nidhi , GebreEyesus Afework , Varghese Jerry , Pinnow Ellen , Waksman Ron , Pichard Augusto D. , Lindsay Joseph 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn the modern era, radial artery graft is being used with increasing frequency to replace saphenous vein as a conduit for coronary artery bypass surgery. Several reports have shown encouraging early results of radial grafts compared to saphenous grafts. Despite these advantages, radial artery graft failure requiring revascularization does occur. We report on the clinical, angiographic, and technical characteristics and the follow‐up results of 22 patients who underwent percutaneous intervention of radial grafts. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:172–175. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endovascular brachytherapy for treatment of bilateral renal artery in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Chrysant George S. , Goldstein Jeffrey A. , Casserly Ivan P. , Rogers Jason H. , Kurz Howard I. , Thorstad Wade L. , Singh Jasvindar , Lasala John M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractPercutaneous transluminal angioplasty of renal artery stenosis is an attractive alternative to surgical therapy. However, even with endovascular stenting, the overall rate of restenosis is 21%. While brachytherapy for coronary in‐stent restenosis has proven efficacy, its use for renal artery in‐stent restenosis has not been formally evaluated. We report a case of bilateral in‐stent renal artery restenosis treated with endovascular brachytherapy. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:251–254. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
First case reports of controlled blunt microdissection for percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of chronic total occlusions in peripheral arteries
Authors: Mossop Peter , Cincotta Marion , Whitbourn Robert 
Published: May 2003

AbstractPercutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) can fail to revascularize peripheral arteries when a chronic total occlusion (CTO) cannot be crossed by guidewires. This article describes application of a new controlled blunt microdissection (CMD) catheter designed to cross CTOs. Two men presenting with severe claudication had iliac CTOs that resisted crossing with guidewires. Using standard techniques, the CMD catheter was advanced to the CTO. Following attempts to cross the CTO with guidewires, the jaw of the CMD distal assembly was actuated, advancing through the CTO as plaque was blunt‐dissected. After angioplasty and stenting, restored distal flow was restored. Ischemic symptoms had not recurred at 1‐ and 28‐month follow‐up. The concept of blunt intraluminal microdissection has been applied to convert failing to successful PTA of peripheral arteries. CTOs that had resisted guidewire crossing were successfully crossed using the CMD catheter, allowing treatment by angioplasty and stenting. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:255–258. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The dilemma of success: Percutaneous coronary interventions in patients ≥ 75 years of age—successful but associated with higher vascular complications and cardiac mortality
Authors: Assali Abid R. , Moustapha Ali , Sdringola Stefano , Salloum Joseph , Awadalla Hany , Saikia Sangeeta , Ghani Mohammad , Hale Susan , Schroth G. , Rosales Oscar , Anderson H. Vernon , Smalling Richard W. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractElderly patients are increasingly referred to percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). Recent reports suggest complications rates are declining in the elderly. We sought to determine whether procedural and in‐hospital outcomes are different in patients aged ≥ 75 years undergoing nonemergent PCI as compared to patients age < 75 years. The outcome of 266 consecutive patients age ≥ 75 years undergoing nonemergent PCI was compared to that of 1,681 consecutive patients age < 75 years. Compared with younger patients, greater proportions of elderly patients were women and had a history of hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebral vascular events. Elderly patients had more extensive coronary involvement. Procedural success was similar in both groups (94%). The in‐hospital cardiac death rate was significantly higher in the elderly patients (2.3% vs. 0.7%; P = 0.03). Aged patients also had a significantly higher incidence of vascular and bleeding complications. Blood transfusion was required more often in the elderly group (4.5% vs. 2.6%; P = 0.07). The hospitalization length was significantly higher in the elderly group (4.1 ± 6.0 vs. 2.5 ± 4.3 day; P = 0.0004). By multivariate logistic regression (adjusted for baseline clinical and angiographic variables), age ≥ 75 years was found to be an independent predictor of in‐hospital cardiac death (odds ratio = 3.9; 95% CI = 1.3–11.5; P = 0.015). Although PCI is technically successful in patients aged ≥ 75 years; it is associated with more acute cardiac and vascular complications and higher in‐hospital cardiac mortality. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:195–199. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experimental and Theoretical Multiple Kinetic Isotope Effects for an SN2 Reaction. An Attempt to Determine Transition‐State Structure and the Ability of Theoretical Methods to Predict Experimental Kinetic Isotope Effects
Authors: Fang Yao‐ren , Gao Ying , Ryberg Per , Eriksson Jonas , Kołodziejska‐Huben Magdalena , Dybała‐Defratyka Agnieszka , Madhavan S. , Danielsson Rolf , Paneth Piotr , Matsson Olle , Westaway Kenneth Charles 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe secondary α‐deuterium, the secondary β‐deuterium, the chlorine leaving‐group, the nucleophile secondary nitrogen, the nucleophile 12C/13C carbon, and the 11C/14C α‐carbon kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) and activation parameters have been measured for the SN2 reaction between tetrabutylammonium cyanide and ethyl chloride in DMSO at 30 °C. Then, thirty‐nine readily available different theoretical methods, both including and excluding solvent, were used to calculate the structure of the transition state, the activation energy, and the kinetic isotope effects for the reaction. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical results by using semiempirical, ab initio, and density functional theory methods has shown that the density functional methods are most successful in calculating the experimental isotope effects. With two exceptions, including solvent in the calculation does not improve the fit with the experimental KIEs. Finally, none of the transition states and force constants obtained from the theoretical methods was able to predict all six of the KIEs found by experiment. Moreover, none of the calculated transition structures, which are all early and loose, agree with the late (product‐like) transition‐state structure suggested by interpreting the experimental KIEs.
Role of the Coordination of the Azido Bridge in the Magnetic Coupling of Copper(II) Binuclear Complexes
Authors: Cabrero Jesús , de Graaf Coen , Bordas Esther , Caballol Rosa , Malrieu Jean‐Paul 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIt is well‐known that the azido bridge gives rise antiferromagnetic (AF) or ferromagnetic (F) coupling depending on its coordination mode, namely end‐to‐end or end‐on, respectively. The aim of the present work is to analyse the factors contributing to this different magnetic behaviour. The difference dedicated configuration interaction (DDCI) method is applied to several binuclear CuII azido‐bridged models with both types of coordination. In end‐on complexes, the direct exchange and the spin polarisation contributions are found to be responsible for the ferromagnetic coupling. In end‐to‐end complexes, both the direct exchange and the spin polarisation are small and the leading term is the antiferromagnetic dynamical polarisation contribution. The most relevant physical effects are included in the DDCI calculations so that good quantitative agreement is reached for the coupling constant as well as the spin densities.
One‐Step Preparation, Structural Assignment, and Xray Study of 2,2‐Di‐n‐butyl‐ and 2,2‐Diphenyl‐6‐aza‐1,3‐dioxa‐2‐stannabenzocyclononen‐4‐ones Derived from Amino Acids
Authors: Beltrán Hiram I. , Zamudio‐Rivera Luis S. , Mancilla Teresa , Santillan Rosa , Farfán Norberto 
Published: May 2003

AbstractTwenty‐four 2,2‐di‐n‐butyl‐ and 2,2‐diphenyl‐6‐aza‐1,3‐dioxa‐2‐stannabenzocyclononen‐4‐ones, each having a transannular N→Sn bond, have been prepared by one‐step reactions of α‐amino acids (1 a–l), salicylaldehyde (2), and either di‐n‐butyltin(IV) oxide (3) or diphenyltin(IV) oxide (4). The new methodology constitutes an easy, highly efficient one‐step synthesis of diorganotin(IV) derivatives, such as 5 a–l and 6 a–l, from iminic tridentate ligands without isolation of the Schiff bases. The structures of all the compounds have been established by a combination of 1H, 13C, 15N, and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. In all cases, the 119Sn chemical shifts, as well as the 1J(119Sn,13C) coupling constants, are indicative of pentacoordinated tin atoms in solution. The structures of compounds 5 a, d, f, 6 a, b, b‐racemic, c, d, f, g, and l have been established by single‐crystal Xray diffraction analyses. The tin atoms in 5 d, f, 6 a, b, b‐racemic, c, d, g, and l each have a distorted trigonal‐bipyramidal (TBP) geometry, with the oxygen atoms from the phenol and carboxylate moieties occupying the axial positions, and the imine nitrogen and phenyl or n‐butyl substituents occupying the equatorial positions. Compounds 5 a and 6 f show distorted octahedral (DOC) geometries due to intermolecular coordination of the carbonyl oxygen to the tin atom, in a trans disposition to the N→Sn bond, leading to trimeric 5 a and a polymeric structure for compound 6 f. Additionally, measurement of the one‐bond coupling constants 1J(119Sn,13C) in diphenyltin(IV) complexes (6 a–l) and their correlation with the CSn‐C bond angles has allowed the derivation of an equation that can be applied to assess the geometry around the tin atom for other diphenyltin(IV) compounds in solution.