bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
صورة الماضي وانعكاسها في قصائد لاريسا ميلر وفيرا بافلوفا
Authors: حسين علي خضير بهاري أ.م. 
Published: January 2024

أجرينا في هذا البحث تحليلاً مقارناً لأعمال شاعرتين معاصرتين هما لاريسا ميلر وفيرا بافلوفا، اللتين عاشتا قبل انهيار الاتحاد السوفييتي وبعده، ووجدنا أن صورة الماضي في أعمال لاريسا ميلر تعكس تصوراتها للحياة السوفيتية وتجاربها في تلك الحقبة، وأن صورة الطبيعة تؤدي دوراً مهما في التعبير عن المواقف تجاه الماضي. تعبر فيرا بافلوفا عن موقفها من الماضي من خلال تجربة الحياة، أي أن صورة الماضي في أعمالها مليئة بالمشاعر والعواطف و التصورات الذاتية، وتثير القراء لأجل التعاطف مع أشعارها الوجدانية
تهريب المخدرات عبر الحدود الامريكية المكسيكية 1900-1960
Authors: فاضل رحم العايدي م. د 
Published: January 2024

تعد الحدود الأمريكية المكسيكية عاشر اطول حدود في العالم , إذ مرت بمراحل مختلفة, حيث شهدت الولايات الأمريكية تدفق كبير للمهاجرين عبر الحدود المكسيكية ممن يتوقون للبحث عن عمل, فكانت الفرصة سانحة لمزاولة تجارة المخدرات. استخدمت البلدان الأمريكية المخدرات كعلاج لبعض الحالات المرضية, لاسيما في بلدان الانديز وأمريكا اللاتينية, وهذا ما جعل الأمر سهلا ًنوعا ًما لانخراط الفلاحون في زراعة المخدرات, ونتيجة للمشاكل الاقتصادية التي شهدتها المكسيك وتعاون الحكومات المكسيكية المتعاقبة مع مهربي المخدرات بوصفها عمل لكثير من الفلاحين؛ اثر ذلك سلبا ً على المجتمع الأمريكي الذي وجدها فرصة مناسبة للهروب من الفقر والبطالة, وفي السياق ذاته كان استخدم الصينيون والعمال الذين يشتغلون بالأعمال الشاقة الى تعاطي الكوكايين الذي يمنح العامل اللياقة والقوة البدنية للاستمرار بالعمل, مما سهل تداوله بين البلدين وعلى اثر ذلك انتشرت مافيات المخدرات في المكسيك, واصبحت ممرا ً لتهريب المخدرات من شرق اسيا واوربا وأمريكا اللاتينية إلى الأراضي الأمريكية, وسلك المهربون المناطق الصحراوي والوعرة التي يصعب على جهات إنفاذ القانون الوصول اليها, كما جندوا النساء والاطفال لتهريب المخدرات, وشكلت العصابات تحالفات سياسية مع شرطة الحدود الأمريكية لدخول المخدرات, فكانت احد اوجه الفساد الاجتماعي في البلاد.
ان الإدارات الأمريكية لم تقيَد تجارة المخدرات إلا بعد عام 1914 بقانون هاريسون الذي فرض ضريبة على حاملي الأفيون و الكوكايين ان الجهة المسؤولة عن مراقبة المخدرات وتنفيذ القانون قبل عام 1930هي وزارة الخزانة, بينما في عام 1930 تغيرت استراتيجية المخدرات, وتم انشاء مكتب مكافحة المخدرات, يتمتع بصلاحيات واسعة من بينها تدويل قضية المخدرات بوصفها تتعلق بأمن البلاد, واخذت بعين الاعتبار الخطر القادم من المكسيك ونقلت المسألة الى عصبة الامم.
ASPHALT BINDERS EMPLOY VARIOUS ORGANIC ADDITIVES: PHYSICAL AND RHEOLOGICAL QUALITIE
Authors: Adel Ismael Omar , Idan Salih Siham 
Published: January 2024

Several studies aim to reduce surface temperatures and improve the performance of hot mix asphalt. These studies have occurred to reduce the global warming phenomena and economic concerns. We're researching how organic materials affect the viscosity of modified asphalt. Asphaltan A, Asphaltan B, Asphaltan C, and T-grade are organic additives. temperatures with the asphalt binder were employed in the current study. These organic additives were used to improve the characteristics of hot-mix asphalt. In addition, it increases the durability, and lifespan of pavement and reduces mixing and compaction temperatures. A penetration grade bitumen of 40/50 was used in this study. Then, pure bitumen was added to the organic additives to modify binders containing varying concentrations of each additive. Physical properties were performance at different levels of additives. In the research, conventional bitumen/asphalt should be adjusted due to climate conditions, strong traffic loads, and growing axial loads. As a result, asphalt mixtures comprehending bitumen with a high penetration index are less prone to low-temperature cracking and irreversible deformation. Traditional asphalt studies found that bitumen samples with the softening point of warm mix asphalt additives were greater rate, and were less susceptible to temperature changes. The introduction of organic compounds increased the penetration and softening point of the asphalt substantially. This indicated that the stiffness and thermal expansion of the binder had gotten better.
INSULATED GATE BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR TEMPERATURE CALCULATION USING SIMSCAPE/SIMULINK ENVIRONMENT WITH VARIOUS SWITCHING FREQUENCY
Authors: Shihab Ahmed Ahmed , Ghanim Omar Riyadh 
Published: January 2024

Because of developments in high-power converters, it has become crucial to investigate how effective inverter performance is. consequently, via being aware of the temperature value of the junction for the inverter switch. The rise in the switching frequency of the inverter, as well as the kind of control technique used, all have an impact on the value of junction temperature. The traditional methods for determining the junction temperature are imprecise and challenging to use. Therefore, a novel approach was used in this study to compute the junction temperature in a simple manner utilizing the MATLAB/Simulation SIMSCAPE environment. The junction temperature of the inverter's switches is easily estimated, where the heat conveyed over the layers of the IGBT can be indicated by using the simple thermal model of Foster. Because the semiconductors within the SIMSCAPE environment exhibit boosted design together with a direct thermal port. As a result, the estimation of the junction temperature is more precise and direct. This feature is only openable in the newest categories of the MATLAB program (2019-2023) This paper presents the losses formed in an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors, and thermal behavior analysis to represent IGBT's layers. The simulation included the influence of various operating switching frequencies on the temperature value of the junction. The results show that the temperature value of the junction increases as the switching frequency value increases and the Space Vector pulse width modulation technique has a value of junction temperature lower than the Sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique at the same switching frequency.
Efikasi Diri Mahasiswa Pada Perkuliahan Matematika Diskrit
Authors: Indah Ratna Puspita , Farida Anisatul 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this qualitative research is to describe in detail the profile of students' self-efficacy in dealing with discrete mathematics courses. The subjects of this study were 21 students of class TI21A4 Informatics Engineering Study Program, Duta Bangsa University, Surakarta, who were taking a Discrete Mathematics course. The information gathering tool consisted of a self-efficacy questionnaire and a guide for interview sessions. Participants filled out a questionnaire related to self-efficacy. The output of the self-efficacy questionnaire showed that 5% of students showed a very high level of self-efficacy, 39% had a high level of self-efficacy, 33% had a moderate level of self-efficacy, and 23% experienced a low level of self-efficacy. After that, 6 students were selected to be research subjects, consisting of 2 students each with high, medium, and low self-efficacy levels. Students with high and medium self-efficacy in solving Discrete Mathematics questions do not give up easily, while students with low self-efficacy give up easily when solving these problems. Students with high and moderate self-efficacy have been able to learn independently, while students with low self-efficacy have not been able to learn difficult Discrete Mathematics material independently and need guidance from the lecturer. Even so, students with high, medium, and low self-efficacy were able to complete assignments and submit assignments on time. Students with low self-efficacy, their learning efforts are less than optimal for various reasons so that they have not been able to achieve the targeted learning achievements. While students with high and moderate self-efficacy are already optimal with regard to their learning efforts
Keywords: self-efficacy; student; discrete mathematics
Evaluation of the effect of Musa paradisiaca L. rhizome on Saccharomyces glucose absorption and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity
Authors: Chathurika P.T.C.  , Vivitharani M.  , Dias N.T.B.  , Siriwardhene M.A.  
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Musa paradisiaca is a common edible plant used in traditional medical systems for its medicinal properties. In this study, in vitro anti-hyperglycaemic potential and in vitro antioxidant activity of M. paradisiaca rhizome were investigated. Methods: Dried rhizome of M. paradisiaca was sequentially extracted to hexane and dichloromethane using cold maceration technique. Stock concentrations of hexane extract (35.35 mg/mL) and dichloromethane extract (22.14 mg/mL) were diluted to prepare different concentrations and were used to evaluate the effects of plant extracts on glucose uptake potential by yeast cells and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity compared to metformin and ascorbic acid standards respectively. Results: The extracts improved the glucose uptake through yeast plasma membrane, since a linear relationship in glucose uptake by yeast cells wasobserved with gradual increase in concentration of the plant extract. In terms of glucose adsorption capacity, dichloromethane extract of plant possessed a significant (p<0.05) activity compared to the hexane extract at higher glucose concentrations, but this activity was significantly less compared to metformin standard (p<0.05). Further, dichloromethane extract demonstrated a higher level of glucose adsorption potential than hexane extract. Same extract had the highest DPPH radical scavenging potential in antioxidant assay. However, this activity was concentration-dependent, and both extracts showed lower radical scavenging potentials compared to the ascorbic acid standard. Conclusion: Dichloromethane extract of M. paradisiaca rhizome is more biologically active compared to its hexane extract in terms of in vitro glucose adsorption potential and antioxidant properties. However, both extracts showed significantly lower activity compared to metformin in glucose uptake assay while ascorbic acid showed the highest activity in free radical scavenging.
Keywords: DPPH, Glucose adsorption, Musa paradisiaca rhizome, Saccharomyces
Satisfaction and associated factors of E-learning among nursing undergraduates during COVID-19 pandemic in two selected state universities of Western Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: Alahakoon A.N.J.  , Meegoda M.K.D.L.  
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The global education system was seriously impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. During this time, the majority of education institutions all over the world had to discontinue their face-to-face teaching and learning methods and switch to online learning. Therefore, university students struggled with the rapid change in the education system, and they needed to adapt to the new educational environment. This study was carried out to assess the satisfaction of E-learning and associated socio -demographic characteristics among nursing undergraduates during COVID-19 pandemic in two selected universities of Western Province, Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among conveniently selected 395 undergraduate nursing students from the two study settings using a web-based/online survey. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire prepared as a Google form was sent to all the nursing undergraduates in the two selected state universities in Sri Lanka.Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Ethical approval was received from the Ethics Review Committee of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura. Results: The response rate for the survey was 93.6%. The majority of the participants (n=298, 75.4%) were females. Most of the respondents (n=168, 44.8%) agreed with the clarity of the lecture material provided online, and 46.2% were satisfied with the guidance and services of the lecturers. Of the sample, half (50.1%) of the participants had a good level of satisfaction on E-learning. Only the gender was associated with the satisfaction on E-learning (p=0.024). Most of the (n=159) female participants had a good level of satisfaction on E-learning than male participants. Conclusions: More than half of the undergraduate nursing students in the two selected state universities of Western Province were satisfied with the E-learning they had received during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant association between gender and satisfactions on E-learning. Females had a good level of satisfaction on E-learning.
Keywords: E-learning, Satisfaction, COVID-19, Nursing undergraduates
Possible cholestatic hepatitis with clindamycin therapy: A case report
Authors: Wettasinghe I.  , Samarasinghe S.M.  , Puthra S.  , Sugathapala A.G.H.  
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic that is effective against streptococci, staphylococci, and anaerobic bacteria. Though it predominantly undergoes hepatic metabolism, no dose adjustments are recommended for patients with hepatic dysfunction. Hepatotoxicity is a rare side effect and even though transient elevation of liver enzymes has been reported, there are very few cases of acute idiosyncratic liver injury. Case Presentation: A 49-year-old male from Sri Lanka, with no knowncomorbidities, was treated with oral clindamycin for left lower limb cellulitis. He was investigated for a low platelet count and was diagnosed to have chronic liver cell disease (CLCD) on day two of admission following an ultrasound scan of the liver. On day four of treatment, the patient developed deep icterus and asterixis. The serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels rose from normal levels to 681 U/L and 1100 U/L respectively. Total bilirubin had risen to 158.5 micromole/L with a high direct fraction of 116.1 micromole/L and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was 108 U/L. Drug induced liver injury (DILI) was suspected immediately and clindamycin treatment was withheld. The patient’s symptoms improved over the next few days and the AST, ALT levels dropped immediately and returned to normal within three weeks. Serum anti-nuclear antibody and anti-mitochondrial antibody were negative. IgM antibodies for hepatitis A, C, E, and Epstein-Barr virus were negative and the test for hepatitis B surface antigen was negative. The serum ferritin and transferrin saturation were normal and there were no Kayser–Fleischer rings in the eyes. The urine toxicology screen was negative. Conclusion: This case highlights a rare but important complication of clindamycin treatment. Clinicians should be vigilant when starting clindamycin in a patient diagnosedor suspected to have CLCD and such patients should be monitored for DILI. Early recognition of DILI is essential and immediate discontinuation of drug is the most important intervention which alone can lead to resolution of the injury.
Keywords: Clindamycin, Cholestasis, Hepatitis
OPTIMAL CLUSTERING OF WIRELESS MULTIPATHS BY UNIFORM MANIFOLD APPROXIMATION AND PROJECTION-ASSISTED DBSCAN
Authors: Trinidad Emmanuel , Materum Lawrence 
Published: January 2024

Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) is applied to reduce the multipath dataset into 2-dimensions (2D) for visualization and clustering. Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is used as the clustering approach and the performance of different search radius epsilon ?. The proposed approach was used to cluster semi-urban scenarios of the COST2100 channel model (C2CM), which has many multipath components (MPCs). The approach is validated by comparing the clustering results to the ground truth and computing the Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) and the cluster-wise Jaccard index . The results suggest that lowering the search radius up to 0.3 achieved a median below 0.6 in the multiple-links scenarios due to the overlapping nature of clusters. Nevertheless, the median values above 0.7 and 0.8 for the ARI and Jaccard index , respectively for the single-link scenarios indicate the robsutness of the approach.
ABSTRAK: Anggaran Manifold Seragam dan Unjuran (UMAP) 2-dimensi (2D) digunakan sebagai penggambaran dan pengelasan bagi mengurangkan set data pelbagai laluan. Aplikasi pengelasan ruangan bersama bunyi berdasarkan ketumpatan (DBSCAN) ini mengguna pakai pendekatan pengelasan dan prestasi pelbagai radius carian epsilon ?. Pendekatan yang dicadangkan ini digunakan bagi pengelasan senario separa-bandar model saluran COST2100 (C2CM), di mana komponen ini mempunyai banyak laluan (MPCs). Pendekatan ini disahkan dengan membandingkan dapatan pengelasan kepada kesahihan lapangan, pengiraan Indeks Rawak Terlaras (ARI) dan indeks Jaccard pengelasan ?. Dapatan menunjukkan pengurangan radius carian sehingga 0.3 dicapai pada median di bawah 0.6 dalam senario pelbagai pautan disebabkan oleh sifat pertindihan pengelasan. Walau bagaimanapun, nilai median di atas 0.7 dan 0.8 untuk ARI dan indeks Jaccard ?, masing-masing menunjukkan kaedah ini berkesan bagi senario pautan-tunggal.
SPECTROSCOPY DATA CALIBRATION USING STACKED ENSEMBLE MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Mahmud Iwan Solihin  , Yuan Chan Jin , Hong Wan Siu , Pui Liew Phing , Kit Ang Chun , Hossain Wafa , Machmudah Affiani 
Published: January 2024

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a widely used analytical technique for non-destructive analysis of various materials including food fraud detection. However, the accurate calibration of NIRS data can be challenging due to the complexity of the underlying relationships between the spectral data and the target variables of interest. Ensemble learning, which combines multiple models to make predictions, has been shown to improve the accuracy and robustness of predictive models in various domains. This paper proposes stacking ensemble machine learning (SEML) for calibration of NIRS data with two levels of learning involved. Eight (8) spectroscopy datasets from public repository and previously published works by the authors are used as the case study. The model well generalized the data in the respective regression tasks with of at least »0.8 in the test samples and in the respective classification tasks with classification accuracy (CA) of at least »0.8 also. In addition, the proposed SEML can improve, or at least reach par with, the accuracy of individual base learners in both train and test samples for all cases of regression and classification datasets. It shows superior performance in test samples for both regression and classification datasets with respectively ranging from 0.86 to nearly 1 and CA ranging from 0.89 to 1.
ABSTRAK: Spektroskopi inframerah dekat (NIRS) adalah teknik analitikal yang banyak digunakan bagi analisa pelbagai bahan tanpa merosakkan bahan termasuk ketika mengesan penipuan makanan. Walau bagaimanapun, kalibrasi yang tepat bagi data NIRS adalah sangat mencabar kerana hubungan antara data spektral dan pemboleh ubah sasaran yang ingin dikaji bersifat kompleks. Gabungan pembelajaran (Ensemble learning), iaitu gabungan pelbagai model bagi membuat prediksi, telah terbukti dapat meningkatkan ketepatan dan kecekapan model prediksi dalam pelbagai bentuk. Kajian ini mencadangkan Turutan Gabungan Pembelajaran Mesin (Stacking Ensemble Machine Learning ) (SEML), bagi teknik penentu ukuran data NIRS melibatkan dua tahap pembelajaran. Lapan (8) set data spektroskopi dari repositori awam dan kajian terdahulu oleh pengarang telah digunakan sebagai kes kajian. Model ini menggeneralisasi data dalam tugas regresi masing-masing sebanyak ?0.8 bagi sampel ujian dan pengelasan tugas masing-masing dengan ketepatan klasifikasi (CA) sekurang-kurangnya ?0.8. Tambahan, SEML yang dicadangkan ini dapat membantu, atau sekurang-kurangnya setanding dengan ketepatan individu dalam pembelajaran berkumpulan dalam kedua-dua sampel latihan dan ujian bagi semua kes set data regresi dan klasifikasi. Ia menunjukkan prestasi terbaik dalam sampel ujian bagi kedua-dua kumpulan set data regresi dan klasifikasi dengan masing-masing antara 0.86 hingga hampir 1 dan antara julat 0.89 hingga 1 bagi CA.
THIOL FUNCTIONALIZED GOLD NANOBIPYRAMIDS-BASED PLASMONIC SENSOR FOR GLUCOSE DETECTION
Authors: Salsabiila Natasya , Morsin Marlia , Hasbullah Muhammad Hanif , Nafisah Suratun , Razali Nur Liyana , Iwantono  
Published: January 2024

Gold nanobipyramids (GNBPs) have high selectivity in detecting changes in their surrounding medium because of their electric field enhancements and larger surface areas. In this study, we functionalized GNBPs using a thiol group that acts as a ligand to improve the detection performance of the analytes. The investigation is carried out by varying the functionalization periods from 12 to 72 hours. The optimum thiol-functionalized GNBPs (t-GNBPs) are obtained in 60 hours, with a length of 36.84 ± 2.05 nm, a width of 24.02 ± 0.74 nm, and an aspect ratio of 1.54 ± 0.11. Then, the optimum t-GNBPs are used as a sensing material in a plasmonic sensor to detect glucose. The limit of detection (LoD) of glucose is 1 µM for this sensor. The plasmonic sensor has been successfully built with reliable performance in detecting glucose with excellent linearity, sensitivity and R2 = 1; good selectivity compared to four similar chemical structure analytes; high stability with a low error value, i.e., ± 0.02 a.u.; and almost consistent repeatability values in each cycle with low percent variance of 0.000025% for the t-SPR area and 0.000032% for the l-SPR area. Therefore, a plasmonic sensor based on t-GNBPs is an alternative method of detecting glucose with high sensitivity, selectivity and repeatability.
ABSTRAK: Nanobipiramid Emas (GNBPs) memiliki selektiviti yang tinggi dalam mengesan perubahan medium sekitar kerana memiliki peningkatan medan elektrik dan luas permukaan yang besar. Kajian ini merupakan fungsionalisasi terhadap GNBPs dengan menggunakan kumpulan thiol sebagai ligan bagi meningkatkan prestasi pengesanan analit. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan mempelbagaikan tempoh masa fungsionalisasi dalam julat waktu 12 hingga 72 jam. GNBPs optimum yang difungsionalisasi oleh thiol (t-GNBPs) diperoleh pada 60 jam, dengan panjang 36.84 ± 2.05 nm, lebar 24.02 ± 0.74 nm, dan nisbah aspek 1.54 ± 0.11. Kemudian, t-GNBPs optimum digunakan sebagai bahan penderia pada sensor plasmonik bagi mengesan glukosa. Limit pengesanan glukosa (LoD) bagi sensor ini adalah sebanyak 100 µM. Sensor plasmonik telah berhasil dibangunkan dengan kecekapan boleh percaya dalam mengesan glukosa dengan lineariti dan sensitiviti sebanyak R2 = 1. Pemilihan yang baik dibandingkan dengan 4 analit yang sama dari segi struktur kimia. Kestabilan yang tinggi dengan nilai ralat rendah iaitu ± 0.02 a.u, dan memiliki nilai keberulangan yang hampir konsisten pada setiap kitar dengan peratusan varian rendah iaitu sebanyak 0.000025% bagi bahagian t-SPR dan 0.000032% bagi l-SPR. Oleh itu, pengesan plasmonik berdasarkan t-GNBPs ini adalah kaedah alternatif bagi mengesan glukosa dengan sensitiviti, selektiviti, dan kebolehulangan yang tinggi.