bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bamboo stumps that are artificially in use put pressure on Dengue and Chikungunya vector control in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Rajib , Faria Shyla , Chowdhury Vashkar , Islam Md Sahidul , Akther Shireen , Akter Sakila 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background & objectives:

Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes breed in natural and artificial containers, and they transmit dengue and chikungunya. Therefore, a study was conducted to identify the contribution of bamboo stumps to these disease vectors that were used in the flower garden as pillars to hold the bamboo flex fence.

Methods:
Two sizes of whole bamboo were used to hold fences around gardens at Dhaka University, Bangladesh, and they were painted red and green. Mosquito larvae and pupae were collected from bamboo stumps between July and August, and vectors were identified up to the species level. The data were analyzed using the STATA/MP 14.2 version.

Results:
We found 83.5% and 0.2% were Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti, respectively, and the rest were Culex and Armigeres species. Ae. albopictus, Ae. aegypti, and both species-positive bamboo stumps were 46.9, 0.7, and 47.1 percent, respectively. 54.5% of bamboo stumps had at least one mosquito species. The average stump depth for Aedes positive stumps (mean =11.7 cm, SE = 0.5) was significantly (p <0.001) higher than the Aedes negative stumps (mean = 9.5 cm, SE = 0.4). 53.8% and 38.0% stumps were found Aedes positive on the ground and upper sides of fences, respectively, and found significant (p<0.01) differences between both sides. A zero-inflated negative binomial count model is significant at a 5% level of significance, χ2(4) = 11.8, p = 0.019 (<0.05) for Ae. albopictus. Stump depth is found to have a significant positive effect on the number of Aedes-positive stumps.

Interpretation & conclusion:
Artificially used natural containers are adding pressure to current mosquito control activities as mosquitoes are breeding on them, which needs additional attention.
Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and associated extra-renal anomalies in fetal autopsies
Authors: Aytekin Esra Çobankent , Sanhal Cem Y. , Toru Havva Serap 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives and Background:
According to studies, 1% of all pregnancies have an abnormality, with 20–30% of those affecting the genitourinary system. Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) is one of the primary causes of perinatal and neonatal mortality in children. Many extra-renal congenital illnesses accompany these defects, affecting the patient’s prognosis. This study aims to determine the subtypes, frequency, and extra-renal defects associated with congenital anomalies of the urinary system, which is the major cause of mortality in fetal and infant autopsies throughout the perinatal and neonatal eras. We believe that our study will contribute to the literature because few autopsy investigations can give this data.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 110 fetal autopsies between January 1997 and May 2019. 10% were newborns under the age of one year, and 90% were fetus autopsies.

Results:
Males accounted for 67.3% of the cases, while females accounted for 35 (31.8%) (the gender of one case could not be determined). Renal dysplasia was the most frequent CAKUT, with a rate of 22.73%, followed by renal agenesis, with a rate of 20.0%. Eighty-four cases (76.3%) showed disease in at least one other organ system. Musculoskeletal system (MSS) abnormalities were the most common associated system anomaly, with one or more MSS anomalies (34.55%) detected in 38 cases.

Conclusion:
Finally, we want to underline that CAKUT and its associated anomalies are not uncommon. Prenatal imaging, genetic investigation, and/or postmortem examination should all be used to screen for CAKUT. This information is helpful for the mother’s future pregnancy management and parental genetic counseling.
Prevalence and clinicopathological Spectrum of Auto-Immune Liver Diseases & Overlap syndrome
Authors: Varadarajan Annapoorani , Rastogi Archana , Maiwall Rakhi , Bihari Chhagan , Thomas Sherin , Sood Vikrant , Shasthry Saggere Muralikrishna 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) represent a spectrum of related yet distinct immune-mediated disorders. The literature on the prevalence of these AILDs in Indian population is scarce. This study aims to assess the prevalence and clinicopathological spectrum of various AILDs especially the overlap syndrome.

Materials and Methods:
A 10-year (2011–2020) cross-sectional, retrospective observational study of histological proven cases of AILD was conducted. Clinical, demographic, and laboratory parameters were retrieved. Two pathologists independently reviewed the liver biopsies and reassessed 18 histopathological parameters.

Results:
During the study period, 17664 liver biopsies were received, out of which 1060 (6%) biopsies of AILD were identified. After exclusion, we had 721 cases which revealed a distribution of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)-64.7%, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)-14.8%, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)-7.6%, overlap AIH-PBC 11%, and overlap AIH-PSC 1.7%. AIH patients had significantly higher prevalence for severe lobular inflammation (27%, P ≤ 0.001), several lobular plasma cells (37%, P ≤ 0.001), central perivenulitis (30%, P ≤ 0.001), hepatic rosettes (51%, P ≤ 0.001), and necrosis (35.5%, P ≤ 0.001), while PBC patients had significantly higher frequency of florid duct lesions (11.2%, P ≤ 0.001), duct loss (83.17%, P ≤ 0.001), bile duct damage (76.6%, P ≤ 0.001), and periportal copper deposits (19.6%, P ≤ 0.001). Overlap AIH-PBC group had the highest proportion of severe portal inflammation (27.5%, P ≤ 0.001), prominent portal plasma cells (75%, P ≤ 0.001), moderate interface activity (53.7%, P ≤ 0.001), Mallory-Denk bodies (27.5%, P ≤ 0.001), and periportal cholate stasis (25%, P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion:
Prevalence of biopsy-proven AILDs in our study cohort is 6%. AIH (64.7%) is the most common AILD followed by PBC (14.8%). Overlap syndrome (AIH-PBC) showed prevalence of 11%.
Clinical Profile and Predictors of Poor Prognosis in Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Ealias Bejoy V , Narayanapillai Jayaprasad , Madhavan Suresh , Jayaprakash V L , Baiju R. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Infective endocarditis (IE) is associated with high morbidity and mortality despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. A recent knowledge of the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of IE is essential for prompt recognition and effective therapy.

Aims:
This study aims to determine the clinical profile, and outcome of patients with IE and to identify the clinical and laboratory predictors of poor prognosis in patients with IE.

Settings and Design:
This is a prospective observational study among patients diagnosed with IE in a tertiary care center over a period of 12 months.

Subjects and Methods:
We collected the demographic, clinical, and laboratory evaluation details of consecutive patients admitted with IE. All the patients were followed during hospitalization for mortality, complications, and need for surgery.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The comparison of mean values across the different outcome groups was done using one-way analysis of variance test. The association between the categorical independent variables with the outcome was evaluated using the Pearson Chi-square test.

Results:
Among 75 patients admitted with IE rheumatic heart disease was the most common predisposing condition. Blood culture was positive in 80%. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism. Total in-hospital mortality was 32%. Staphylococcal IE had 43% mortality and fungal IE had 57% mortality. Prosthetic valve endocarditis also had 57% mortality. Surgery was undertaken in 28% of patients and surgical mortality was 19%. Presence of heart failure, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, high serum creatinine, and C-reactive protein were associated with high mortality.

Conclusions:
The mortality associated with IE remains high. Clinical and laboratory parameters can reliably predict poor prognosis in IE.
Effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on anxiety among hospitalized elderly undergoing abdominal surgery
Authors: Tandon Ritika , Gupta Rajesh , Sharma Sunita , Thakur Mukta 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Elderly patients having abdominal surgery report decreased independence and different rehabilitation needs. Hospitalized elderly patients undergoing surgery may experience anxiety due to various reasons such as fear of surgery and anesthesia, fear of surgical complications, discomfort, and pain during or after surgery. Reminiscence therapy is commonly used for boosting the psychological well-being of the geriatric population. Teaching elderly patients how to employ anxiety-reducing interventions like reminiscence therapy will have a positive effect on the course of their rehabilitation.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to determine the level of anxiety among hospitalized elderly undergoing abdominal surgery and to determine the effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on anxiety among hospitalized elderly undergoing abdominal surgery.

Materials and Methods:
A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the surgical unit. The Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) provided ethical approval (INC/IEC/2021/SPL.1146 and dated on 28/07/21). Participants were recruited after written consent. A total of 60 study participants were enrolled using the purposeful sampling technique and were randomized into experimental and control groups by alternate allocation. The data were gathered in July–September 2021 by interviewing patients in accordance with a schedule that included sociodemographic profile, clinical profile, and Geriatric Anxiety Scale.

Results:
Findings show that there is a significantly higher percentage of study participants who had mild anxiety (96.6%) in the experimental group (P ≤ r0.001), after the intervention, while no change was observed in the control group which showed that reminiscence therapy had a significant effect on anxiety among hospitalized elderly undergoing abdominal surgery.

Conclusion:
It is observed that a considerable proportion of elderly patients who are admitted to hospitals for abdominal surgery suffer from anxiety. These psychiatric distresses might exacerbate the physical disease and slow the rehabilitation process. Reminiscence therapy is an acceptable mental health intervention that can be organized for their management.
Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota: A Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Cabanillas-Lazo Miguel , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Pascual-Guevara Milagros , Guerrero Maria Eugenia , Barja-Ore John , Espinoza-Carhuancho Fran , Mayta-Tovalino Frank 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjective:To perform a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production related to intestinal microbiota and bariatric surgery between January 2016 and December 2022.Materials and Methods:A bibliographic search was performed in the Scopus database to identify published papers. Free and controlled terms (MeSH and Emtree) were used. The information collected was analyzed with SciVal.Results:A total of 518 published papers were included in the analysis. Carel Le Roux was the author with the highest scientific production; however, Edi Prifti had the highest impact. French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale) was the institution with the highest number of published articles. Six of the 10 institutions with the highest production were in France, yet the United States had the highest volume of scientific production in this research topic. Most papers were published in first quartile journals. Articles with international collaboration had the highest impact. There is a sustained increase in the number of publications since 2019.Conclusions:The study found that the vast majority of research on gut microbiota changes following bariatric surgery are conducted in the United States and European countries. In addition, the sustained increase in production coupled with the articles being published in high-quality journals and having good citation impact are indictors of the current interest in this research field.
Persistent pupillary membrane and accessory iris membrane in cataract surgery
Authors: Cheng Ya-Feng , Lin Hung-Yu , Chao Shih-Chun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Incomplete involution of the anterior tunica vasculosa lentis is observed in most newborns, including persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) and accessory iris membrane (AIM). PPM is a common congenital ocular anomaly characterized by delicate iris strands along the pupil. AIM is a rare congenital ocular anomaly characterized by iris tissue strands arising from the iris collarette, forming a pseudopupil. Although most of these membranes do not lead to visual impairment, they can pose challenges during cataract surgery. Our case highlights a unique scenario involving the concurrent presence of PPM and AIM in cataract surgery. The surgeries were performed uneventfully without postoperative complications. To prevent unnecessary interventions and potential disappointment, it is essential to individually assess and plan strategies for patients with either PPM or AIM.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KURANGNYA MINAT BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VI SD NEGERI 10 KOTA BARU
Authors: Wahyunda Rahmi , Wibowo Deki , Lestari Novika 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this studi was to determine the factors affecting the lack of interest in lerning mathematics for sixth grade students of SD Negeri 10 Kota Baru. The subjects in this study were students and teacher of mathematics six grade SD Negeri 10 Kota Baru.This study uses qualitative research methods, data collection techniques in this study using interviews and documentation, research instruments using interview sheets. Data analysis in this study is data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. While the validity of the data used is triangulation data sources.The results of the study found that the factors that influence the lack of interest in learning mathematics for grade VI students of SD Negeri 10 Kota Baru are factors from within students (internal) and factors from outside (external). The internal factors include student attitudes, student motivation and intelligence, while external factors include the family environment, social environment, as well as teachers and how to educate. The attitude of students who are not good, and low motivation towards a learning and the level of student ability that is less can result in a lack of student interest in a learning. In addition, the way teachers teach is less effective, the family environment and social environment are not good also affect students' interest in learning mathematics.
Telepharmacy knowledge, attitude, and experience among pharmacy students in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ilma Dewi Latifatul , Putri Kiasati Mumpuni , Mustikaningtias Ika , Sholihat Nia Kurnia , Parmasari Damairia Hayu 
Published: January 2024

Background: The advancement of technology in healthcare services has given rise to telepharmacy. The success of telepharmacy depends on the knowledge, attitude, and experience of pharmacy students. However, telepharmacy is relatively new in the Indonesian pharmacy education system.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to evaluate pharmacy students' knowledge, attitude, and experience related to telepharmacy.
Results: The questionnaire was completed by 442 pharmacy students. Among them, 97.96% demonstrated a high level of knowledge about telepharmacy, and 96.60% had a positive attitude toward it. However, 85.97% of students had limited experience with telepharmacy. While there was a significant correlation between knowledge and attitude, no such correlation was observed between attitude and experience.
Conclusion: The findings revealed that pharmacy students had high knowledge and attitude, but limited experience with telepharmacy. Additionally, there is a significant correlation between knowledge of telepharmacy and a positive attitude towards its use. To better prepare future pharmacists to provide effective telepharmacy services, it is essential to integrate telepharmacy practice models into the curriculum.
Metatheoretical approach to the study of legal technology: new opportunities and prospects
Authors: Карпунина В.В. 
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются отдельные дискуссионные стороны понятия «юридическая техника» в контексте метатеоретического подхо- да. Обращается внимание, что сложившаяся неопределенность в понимании сущностных сторон юридической техники обусловлена недостаточным вниманием к исследованию метатеоретических феноменов. Рассматриваются основные черты и особенности метатеоретического подхода к анализу правовых явлений. Аргументируется положение о необходимости реализации такого подхода в исследованиях юридической техники. В числе приоритетных направлений метатеоретического анализа указываются исследование стиля технико-юридического мышления, а также формирование понятийного ряда юридической техники. Делается вывод о том, что развитие широкого подхода к юридической технике как технике правового регулирования находится в прямой зависимости от изучения метатеоретических феноменов, совершенствования методологии метатеоретического анализа как относительно самостоятельного направления научных исследований.
The article considers some controversial aspects of the concept “legal technique” in the context of a meta-theoretical approach. Attention is drawn to the fact that the current uncertainty in understanding essential aspects of legal technology is due to insufficient attention to the study of metatheoretical phenomena. The main features and peculiarities of the meta-theoretical approach to the analysis of legal phenomena are considered. The need to implement a metatheoretical approach in the research of legal technology is substantiated. Crucial areas of metatheoretical analysis are the study of the style of technical and legal thinking and the formation of a conceptual range of legal techniques. It is concluded that the development of a broad approach to legal technologies as a technique of legal regulation is directly dependent on the study of metatheoretical phenomena and the improvement of the metatheoretical analysis methodology as a relatively independent area of scientific research.
Transformation of the liberal idea in the legal culture of modern society
Authors: Оботурова Н.С. 
Published: January 2024

В статье анализируются основные направления трансформации либеральной идеи в правовой культуре современного общества, выявляются их причины и основания. Показано, что одним из направлений трансформации либеральной идеи является абсолютизация индивидуалистического и группового начал, которая трактуется автором как концентрированное выражение в правовой культуре особенностей общей культурной ситуации постмодерна. Обоснована необходимость рассмотрения индивидуальных прав и свобод человека в их многосторонней системной связи с социальными обязанностями, моральным долгом, исторической ответственностью. В качестве нового поля проблем в интерпретации либеральной идеи рассмотрен трансгуманистический проект морфологической свободы, показано, что его реализация не только не увеличит права и свободы человека, но, напротив, заведет общество в тупик биологической стратификации, в которой права человека и право в целом утратят всякий смысл.
The article analyzes key directions of the transformation of the liberal idea in the legal culture of modern society, identifies their causes and grounds. It is shown that one of the liberal idea transformation directions is the absolutization of individualistic and group principles, interpreted by the author as a concentrated expression in the legal culture of features of the general cultural situation of postmodernity. The necessity of considering individual human rights and freedoms in their multilateral systemic connection with social responsibilities, moral duty, and historical responsibility is substantiated. The transhumanistic project of morphological freedom is considered as a new field of problems in the interpretation of the liberal idea. It is shown that its implementation will not only increase human rights and freedoms, but, on the contrary, will lead society into a dead end of biological stratification, in which human rights and law as a whole will lose all meaning.
Plebiscite in historical retrospect
Authors: Перебинос Ю.А. 
Published: January 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме соотношения понятий «плебисцит» и «референдум», анализу политико-правовой практики в исторической ретроспективе с целью выявления особенностей и отличительных черт института плебисцита. В качестве примера взят опыт Франции в силу того, что она имеет давние и стабильные традиции проведения плебисцитов. Исследование показало, что какого-либо принципиального различия между понятиями «плебисцит» и «референдум» в законодательстве России, зарубежных стран и на практике нет. Отличия между указанными дефинициями отмечены научной общественностью. В исследовательской литературе разграничение сводится к предмету голосования.
The article considers the problem of correlation of the concepts “plebiscite” and “referendum”, the analysis of political and legal practice in historical retrospect in order to identify features and distinctive features of the institution of plebiscite. The experience of France is taken as an example due to the fact that it has a long and stable tradition of holding plebiscites. The study shows that there is no fundamental difference between concepts “plebiscite” and “referendum” in the legislation of Russia, foreign countries and in practice. The differences between these definitions are noted by the scientific community. In the research literature, the distinction is reduced to the subject of voting.
Legal personality of artificial intelligence: theoretical and legal problems
Authors: Саттаров В.Д. 
Published: January 2024

В статье анализируются проблема признания правосубъектности искусственного интеллекта, связанные с этим закономерности, а также ряд теоретико-правовых особенностей, присущих данной технологической инновации. Искусственный интеллект – это техническое средство, способное к самообучению, а также к воспроизводству когнитивных и коммуникативных функций, традиционно характерных для человеческого разума. Эмоциональный искусственный интеллект способен также понимать эмоции и подражать им. Автором систематизируются распространенные научные концепции, идеи и подходы, обосновывающие потребность признания правосубъектности искусственного интеллекта либо отрицающие подобную возможность, сформулирована позиция по вопросу правосубъектности искусственного интеллекта. По мнению автора, исследуемое техническое средство не способно в полной мере выступать субъектом правовых отношений по причине отсутствия свободы воли как важного условия приобретения правосубъектности.
The article analyzes the problem of recognizing legal personality of artificial intelligence, the associated patterns, as well as a number of theoretical and legal features inherent in this technological innovation. Artificial intelligence is a technical tool capable of self-learning, as well as reproduction of cognitive and communicative functions traditionally characteristic of the human mind. “Emotional” artificial intelligence is also able to understand emotions and imitate them. The author systematizes widespread scientific concepts, ideas and approaches that justify the need to recognize legal personality of artificial intelligence or deny such a possibility, and formulates the author’s position on the issue of the legal personality of artificial intelligence. According to the author, the studied technical means is not able to fully act as a subject of legal relations due to the lack of free will as an important condition for acquiring legal personality.