bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of charge imbalance resolved negativity after a local joining quench
Authors: Chen Hui-Huang , Huang Zun-Xian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the dynamics of charge imbalance resolved negativity after a local joining quench in the 1 + 1 dimensional free complex boson CFT. In the first part, we study the local joining quench by applying conformal maps, obtaining analytical universal results. We first calculate the quench dynamics of charged logarithmic negativity. Then using the Fourier transformation, we obtain the charge imbalance resolved negativity. The total negativity can be recovered from the charge-resolved ones. In the second part, we test our CFT predictions against the underlying lattice model numerically. Finally, we explain our results based on the quasi-particle picture.
Conservative treatment versus transverse pinning in fifth metacarpal neck fractures in active adults: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zawam Sherif Hamdy , Abdelrazek Begad Hesham , Elmofty Aly , Morsy Ahmed , Abousayed Mahmoud 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Compare two simple ways for treating boxer’s fractures in active adults; conservative management by ulnar gutter slab and transverse pinning in fixation of fifth metacarpal's neck fracture regarding union, functional outcomes, and complications.

Patients and methods
Ninety patients with fifth metacarpals' neck fractures with palmar angulation (30–70°) were managed either conservatively by an ulnar gutter slab or surgically by transverse pinning technique from January 2020 to December 2021. Only 84 patients completed a 1-year follow-up. Patients with old, open, or mal-rotated fractures were excluded. The block-randomization method was used to create equal groups. Patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically every 2–3 weeks until union, then at 6 and 12 months. Functional assessment at the final visit was done using the quick DASH score, total active motion (TAM), and total Active Flexion (TAF).

Results
The mean radiological union time for the conservative group in this study was 7.76 weeks, while for the transverse pinning group, it was 7.38 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between the two techniques regarding union rates and functional outcomes. All patients returned to their pre-injury jobs and level of activity.

Conclusion
Both conservative management in ulnar gutter slab and percutaneous transverse pinning are considered effective methods in the treatment of simple extra-articular fifth metacarpal neck fractures with angulation between 30 and 70 degrees (AO: 77 A3.1). The functional and radiological results using both methods were satisfactory and statistically comparable.
Manufacturer calibrations of GPS transmit antenna phase patterns: a critical review
Authors: Montenbruck Oliver , Steigenberger Peter , Mayer-Gürr Torsten 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, the Global Positioning System has released pre-flight calibrations for the transmit antennas of the Block IIR/IIR-M, Block IIF, and GPS III satellites that make up the current GPS constellation. Frequency-specific phase variations (PHVs) provided as part of these data sets are of key interest for an accurate and consistent modeling of GNSS carrier phase observations in precise point positioning applications as well as orbit and clock offset determination of the GPS satellites themselves. For proper utilization of the manufacturer calibrations, complementary information on the phase center offset (PCO) from the spacecraft center-of-mass is required. We describe necessary processing steps for converting the raw phase calibrations of Lockheed Martin and Boeing into a representation compatible with antenna models of the International GNSS Service (IGS), and provide a detailed discussion of inherent assumptions for combining PHVs and PCOs from different sources. Comparison with estimated antenna data from globally distributed monitoring stations shows good consistency of PHVs and suggests the use of manufacturer-calibrated, azimuth-dependent patterns in future releases of the IGS antenna model. In terms of PCOs, the new Block IIF calibrations exhibit a systematic bias of about 12 cm from PCOs estimates based on the IGS20 reference frame. This value closely matches the bias observed for manufacturer calibrations of GPS III and Galileo satellites, and suggests a careful review of the contribution that GNSS can make to the scale definition of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF).
Bounds for Kloosterman sums on $$\textrm{GL}(n)$$
Authors: Blomer Valentin , Man Siu Hang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper establishes power-saving bounds for Kloosterman sums associated with the long Weyl element for $$\textrm{GL}(n)$$

GL
(
n
)

for arbitrary $$n \geqslant 3$$

n
⩾
3

, as well as for another type of Weyl element of order 2. These bounds are obtained by establishing an explicit representation as exponential sums. As an application we go beyond Sarnak’s density conjecture for the principal congruence subgroup of prime level. We also obtain power-saving bounds for all Kloosterman sums on $$\textrm{GL}(4)$$

GL
(
4
)

.
Disentangled representation transformer network for 3D face reconstruction and robust dense alignment
Authors: Li Xiangzheng , Li Xiaofei , Deng Jia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a disentangled representation transformer network (DRTN) for 3D dense face alignment and reconstruction. Unlike traditional 3DMM-based approaches, the target parameters, such as shape, expression, and pose, are individually estimated without considering their direct influences on one another and then jointly optimized. Hence, DRTN aims to enhance the representation of facial attributes in a semantic sense by learning the correlation of different 3D facial attribute parameters. To achieve this, we present a novel strategy to design disentangled 3D face attribute representation, which decomposes the given facial attributes into identity, expression, and poses. Specifically, the 3D face parameter estimation in the regression network depends on the correlation of other face attribute parameters rather than being independent. The branching of the identity component aims to reinforce learning the expression and pose attributes by preserving the overall face geometry structure and identity. Accordingly, the expression and pose parts of the branch preserve the consistency of expression and pose attributes, respectively. Moreover, DRTN helps refine the reconstruction and alignment of facial details in large poses, mainly by coupling other facial attribute parameters. Extensive qualitative and quantitative experimental results on widely evaluated benchmarking datasets demonstrate that our approach achieves competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.
A multiplexed immunochemical microarray for the determination of cardiovascular disease biomarkers
Authors: Colom Gloria , Hernandez-Albors Alejandro , Barallat Jaume , Galan Amparo , Bayes-Genis Antoni , Salvador Juan-Pablo , Marco Maria-Pilar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA fluorescence antibody microarray has been developed for the determination of relevant cardiovascular disease biomarkers for the analysis of human plasma samples. Recording characteristic protein molecular fingerprints to assess individual’s states of health could allow diagnosis to go beyond the simple identification of the disease, providing information on its stage or prognosis. Precisely, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are complex disorders which involve different degenerative processes encompassing a collection of biomarkers related to disease progression or stage. The novel approach that we propose is a fluorescent microarray chip has been developed accomplishing simultaneous determination of the most significant cardiac biomarkers in plasma aiming to determine the CVD status stage of the patient. As proof of concept, we have chosen five relevant biomarkers, C-reactive protein (CRP) as biomarker of inflammation, cystatin C (CysC) as biomarker of renal failure that is directly related with heart failure, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) as already established biomarker for cardiac damage, heart fatty acid binding protein as biomarker of ischemia (H-FABP), and finally, NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide), a well-established heart failure biomarker. After the optimization of the multiplexed microarray, the assay allowed the simultaneous determination of 5 biomarkers in a buffer solution reaching LODs of 15 ± 5, 3 ± 1, 24 ± 3, 25 ± 3, and 3 ± 1 ng mL−1, for CRP, CysC, H-FABP, cTnI, and NT-proBNP, respectively. After solving the matrix effect, and demonstrating the accuracy for each biomarker, the chip was able to determine 24 samples per microarray chip. Then, the microarray has been used on a small pilot clinical study with 29 plasma samples from clinical patients which suffered different CVD and other related disorders. Results show the superior capability of the chip to provide clinical information related to the disease in terms of turnaround time (1 h 30 min total assay and measurement) and amount of information delivered in respect to reference technologies used in hospital laboratories (clinical analyzers). Despite the failure to detect c-TnI at the reported threshold, the microarray technology could be a powerful approach to diagnose the cardiovascular disease at early stage, monitor its progress, and eventually providing information about an eminent potential risk of suffering a myocardial infarction. The microarray chip here reported could be the starting point for achieving powerful multiplexed diagnostic technologies for the diagnosis of CVDs or any other pathology for which biomarkers have been identified at different stages of the disease.
Graphical Abstract
Significant variation in computed tomography imaging of pregnant trauma patients: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Lucas Alexa N. , Tay-Lasso Erika , Zezoff Danielle C. , Fierro Nicole , Dhillon Navpreet K , Ley Eric J , Smith Jennifer , Burruss Sigrid , Dahan Alden , Johnson Arianne , Ganske William , Biffl Walter L. , Bayat Dunya , Castelo Matthew , Wintz Diane , Schaffer Kathryn B , Zheng Dennis J , Tillou Areti , Coimbra Raul , Tuli Rahul , Santorelli Jarrett E. , Emigh Brent , Schellenberg Morgan , Inaba Kenji , Duncan Thomas K , Diaz Graal , Kirby Katharine A. , Nahmias Jeffry 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Following motor vehicle collisions (MVCs), patients often undergo extensive computed tomography (CT) imaging. However, pregnant trauma patients (PTPs) represent a unique population where the risk of fetal radiation may supersede the benefits of liberal CT imaging. This study sought to evaluate imaging practices for PTPs, hypothesizing variability in CT imaging among trauma centers. If demonstrated, this might suggest the need to develop specific guidelines to standardize practice.

Methods
A multicenter retrospective study (2016–2021) was performed at 12 Level-I/II trauma centers. Adult (≥18 years old) PTPs involved in MVCs were included, with no patients excluded. The primary outcome was the frequency of CT. Chi-square tests were used to compare categorical variables, and ANOVA was used to compare the means of normally distributed continuous variables.

Results
A total of 729 PTPs sustained MVCs (73% at high speed of ≥ 25 miles per hour). Most patients were mildly injured but a small variation of injury severity score (range 1.1–4.6, p < 0.001) among centers was observed. There was a variation of imaging rates for CT head (range 11.8–62.5%, p < 0.001), cervical spine (11.8–75%, p < 0.001), chest (4.4–50.2%, p < 0.001), and abdomen/pelvis (0–57.3%, p < 0.001). In high-speed MVCs, there was variation for CT head (12.5–64.3%, p < 0.001), cervical spine (16.7–75%, p < 0.001), chest (5.9–83.3%, p < 0.001), and abdomen/pelvis (0–60%, p < 0.001). There was no difference in mortality (0–2.9%, p =0.19).

Conclusion
Significant variability of CT imaging in PTPs after MVCs was demonstrated across 12 trauma centers, supporting the need for standardization of CT imaging for PTPs to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure while ensuring optimal injury identification is achieved.
Evaluating Energy Security using Choquet Integral: analysis in the southern E.U. countries
Authors: Bilbao-Terol Amelia , Cañal-Fernández Verónica , Gónzalez-Pérez Carmen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to introduce a novel approach for assessing the risks to the continuous availability of cost-effective energy sources by proposing a Multi-Criteria Decision Making method that considers the interdependence between the indicators utilised in the measurement process. The paper focuses on Spain and Portugal into the EU energy market and investigates the consequences of their particular conditions. To account for the significance of each criterion and its subsets, the Choquet Integral is integrated into the analysis. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in incorporating expert knowledge into Energy Security evaluations, which can be utilised to develop enhancement policies.
Transesterification with CE15 glucuronoyl esterase from Cerrena unicolor reveals substrate preferences
Authors: Perna Valentina , Agger Jane Wittrup 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Glucuronoyl esterases (GE, family CE15) catalyse the cleavage of ester linkages in lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs), and this study demonstrate how transesterification reactions with a fungal GE from Cerrena unicolor (CuGE) can reveal the enzyme’s preference for the alcohol-part of the ester-bond.

Methods
This alcohol-preference relates to where the ester-LCCs are located on the lignin molecule, and has consequences for how the enzymes potentially interact with lignin. It is unknown exactly what the enzymes prefer; either the α-benzyl or the γ-benzyl position. By providing the enzyme with a donor substrate (the methyl ester of either glucuronate or 4-O-methyl-glucuronate) and either one of two acceptor molecules (benzyl alcohol or 3-phenyl-1-propanol) we demonstrate that the enzyme can perform transesterification and it serves as a method for assessing the enzyme’s alcohol preferences.

Conclusion
CuGE preferentially forms the γ-ester from the methyl ester of 4-O-methyl-glucuronate and 3-phenyl-1-propanol and the enzyme’s substrate preferences are primarily dictated by the presence of the 4-O-methylation on the glucuronoyl donor, and secondly on the type of alcohol.
Modulating the PI3K Signalling Pathway in Activated PI3K Delta Syndrome: a Clinical Perspective
Authors: Berglund Lucinda J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractActivated phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) δ syndrome (APDS) is an inborn error of immunity characterised by immune dysregulation. Since the discovery of genetic mutations resulting in PI3Kδ overactivation, treatment of APDS patients has begun to focus on modulation of the PI3K pathway in addition to supportive therapies. The mTOR inhibitor sirolimus has been used effectively for some clinical manifestations of this condition, however the arrival of specific PI3Kδ inhibitor leniolisib has shown promising early results and may provide a more targeted approach. This review summarizes key aspects of PI3K pathway biology and discusses potential options for nuanced modulation of the PI3K pathway in APDS from a clinical perspective, highlighting differences from PI3K inhibition in haematological malignancies.
TOPOLOGICAL MODULES GEOMETRY
Authors: García-Pacheco Francisco Javier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe extremal structure of zero-neighbourhoods of a topological module is analyzed reaching unexpected conclusions when the module topology is not Hausdorff. These results motivate us to introduce the notion of metric modules, which are modules endowed with a translation-invariant metric, turning them into an (additive) topological group. We study the central and diametral points of additively symmetric subsets and find examples of convex sets which are not symmetric translates (translates of addivitely symmetric subsets). As a consequence of all of these, it seems natural to transport the well-known Bishop-Phelps property from the category of real topological vector spaces to general topological modules over topological rings. Then we stick to particular topological rings, the unital $$C^*$$

C
∗

-algebras, showing that the subset of positive elements lying below the unity is an effect algebra. We also prove that every continuous linear operator on a Hausdorff locally convex topological vector space that commutes with all continuous linear projections of one-dimensional range is a multiple of the identity. Finally, we discuss how to transport the previous result to $$C^*$$

C
∗

-algebras.
Bayesian tensor factorisations for time series of counts
Authors: Wang Zhongzhen , Dellaportas Petros , Kosmidis Ioannis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe propose a flexible nonparametric Bayesian modelling framework for multivariate time series of count data based on tensor factorisations. Our models can be viewed as infinite state space Markov chains of known maximal order with non-linear serial dependence through the introduction of appropriate latent variables. Alternatively, our models can be viewed as Bayesian hierarchical models with conditionally independent Poisson distributed observations. Inference about the important lags and their complex interactions is achieved via MCMC. When the observed counts are large, we deal with the resulting computational complexity of Bayesian inference via a two-step inferential strategy based on an initial analysis of a training set of the data. Our methodology is illustrated using simulation experiments and analysis of real-world data.
Intelligent transportation system using wireless optical communication: a comparative study
Authors: El-Garhy Suzan M. , Khalaf Ashraf A. M. , Abaza Mohammed , Aly Moustafa H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) are being proposed, examined, and applied to enhance road safety and traffic efficiency. However, the automotive industry has stringent criteria for safety applications that demand connections that are dependable and have low latency, and high data rates. In this paper, it is widely agreed that both Visible Light Communication (VLC) and Free Space Optics (FSO) represent promising solutions, because of their complementary advantages compared to Radio Frequency (RF). VLC technology is chosen in ITS overall other optical wireless systems primarily due to its low cost and lack of licensing or new infrastructure requirements. Hence, a comparative study is applied between standalone VLC system, and a hybrid FSO/VLC system in term of Bit Error Rate (BER), coverage distance, and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). The VLC/FSO system provides a reliable communication link over a long distance (900 m) compared to VLC standalone system with 10−6 BER and acceptable SNR of $$\sim$$
∼
25 dB.
Screening for atrial fibrillation in care homes using pulse palpation and the AliveCor Kardia Mobile® device: a comparative cross-sectional pilot study
Authors: Savickas V. , Stewart A. J. , Short V. J. , Mathie A. , Bhamra S. K. , Veale E. L. , Corlett S. A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of stroke in older people. Exacerbated by age and co-morbidities, residents of care homes are more likely to develop AF and less likely to receive oral anticoagulants.

Aim
To determine the prevalence of AF using the design and methodology of the Pharmacists Detecting Atrial Fibrillation (PDAF) study in a care home setting.

Method
A cross-sectional AF screening pilot study within four UK care homes, three residential and one residential/nursing. Screening followed the original PDAF protocol: a manual pulse check, followed by a single-Lead ECG (SLECG, AliveCor Kardia Mobile (KMD)) delivered by a pharmacist. All recorded SLECG were reviewed by a cardiologist and any residents requiring follow-up investigations were referred to their general practitioner.

Results
Fifty-three of 112 care home residents participated. From 52 SLECGs recorded, the cardiologist interpreted 13.5% (7/52) as having possible AF of which 9.6% (5/52) were previously unknown. One resident with previously unknown AF received anticoagulation.

Conclusion
This study has shown a need for AF screening in care homes and that elements of the PDAF screening protocol are transferable in this setting. Early diagnosis and treatment of AF are essential to reduce the risk of stroke in this population.
Structure, status, and span: gender differences in co-authorship networks across 16 region-subject pairs (2009–2013)
Authors: Bunker Whittington Kjersten , King Molly M. , Cingolani Isabella 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlobal and team science approaches are on the rise, as is attention to the network underpinnings of gender disparities in scientific collaboration. Many network studies of men’s and women’s collaboration rely on bounded case studies of single disciplines and/or single countries and limited measures related to the collaborative process. We deploy network analysis on the scholarly database Scopus to gain insight into gender inequity across regions and subject areas and to better understand contextual underpinnings of stagnancy. Using a dataset of over 1.2 million authors and 144 million collaborative relationships, we capture international and unbounded co-authorship networks that include intra- and inter-disciplinary co-authorship ties across time (2009–2013). We describe how gender informs structural features and status differences in network relationships, focusing on men and women authors in 16 region-subject pairs. We pay particular attention to how connected authors are (first- and second-order degree centrality), attributes of authors’ collaborative relationships (including the “quality” and other characteristics of these ties), tendencies towards gender homophily (proportion of same-gender ties), and the nature of men’s and women’s interdisciplinary and international reach. Men have more advantageous first-order connections, yet second-order collaborative profiles look more similar. Men and women exhibit homophilous attachment to authors of the same gender, consistent over time. There is notable variation in the level of gender disparity within subjects across countries. We discuss this variation in the context of global trends in men’s and women’s scientific participation and cultural- and country-level influences on the organization and production of science.