bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting Muscle Invasion of Bladder Cancer: An Application of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Ratio and Vesical Imaging‐Reporting and Data System
Authors: Qin Cai , Tian Qi , Zhou Hui , Qin Yihan , Zhou Siyu , Wu Yutao , Tianjiao E  , Duan Shufeng , Li Yueyue , Wang Xiaolin , Chen Zhigang , Zheng Guihua , Feng Feng 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundIndependent factors are needed to supplement vesical imaging‐reporting and data system (VI‐RADS) to improve its ability to identify muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).PurposeTo assess the correlation between MIBC and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) ratio, VI‐RADS, and other factors (such as tumor location).Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationSixty‐eight patients (50 males and 18 females; age: 70.1 ± 9.5 years) with bladder urothelial carcinoma.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T, conventional diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), and DKI (single shot echo‐planar sequence).AssessmentThree radiologists independently measured the diffusion parameters of each bladder cancer (BCa) and obturator internus, including the mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean), mean kurtosis (MK), and mean diffusion (MD). And the ratio of diffusion parameters between BCa and obturator internus was calculated (diffusion parameter ratio = bladder cancer:obturator internus). Based on the VI‐RADS, the target lesions were independently scored. Furthermore, the actual tumor‐wall contact length (ACTCL) and absolute tumor‐wall contact length (ABTCL) were measured.Statistical TestsMulticollinearity among independent variables was evaluated using the variance inflation factor (VIF). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors of MIBC. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of each variable in detecting MIBC. The DeLong test was used to compare the area under the curve (AUC). A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMKratio (median: 0.62) and VI‐RADS were independent risk factors for MIBC. AUCs for MKratio, VI‐RADS, and MKratio combined with VI‐RADS in assessing MIBC were 0.895, 0.871, and 0.973, respectively. MKratio combined with VI‐RADS was more effective in diagnosing MIBC than VI‐RADS alone.Data ConclusionsMKratio has potential to assist the assessment of MIBC. MKratio can be used as a supplement to VI‐RADS for detecting MIBC.Level of Evidence4Technical EfficacyStage 2
Two‐Year Outcomes After Radiofrequency Neurolysis of Posterior Nasal Nerve in Chronic Rhinitis
Authors: Lee Jivianne T. , Abbas Gregory M. , Charous Daniel D. , Cuevas Mandy , Göktas Önder , Loftus Patricia A. , Nachlas Nathan E. , Toskala Elina M. , Watkins Jeremy P. , Brehmer Detlef 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the long‐term safety and effectiveness of temperature‐controlled radiofrequency (TCRF) neurolysis of the posterior nasal nerve (PNN), a minimally invasive treatment for chronic rhinitis.MethodsA prospective, single‐arm study of 129 patients at 16 centers (United States, Germany) was conducted. Patient‐reported outcome measures were the 24‐h reflective total nasal symptom score (rTNSS) and mini rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (MiniRQLQ). Postnasal drip and cough symptoms were assessed using a 4‐point scale.ResultsThe mean pretreatment rTNSS was 7.8 (95% CI, 7.5–8.1). The significant rTNSS treatment effect at 3 months (−4.2 [95% CI, −4.6 to −3.8]; p < 0.001) was sustained through 2 years (−4.5 [95% CI, −5.0 to −3.9]; p < 0.001), a 57.7% improvement. At 2 years, the proportion of patients with a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of ≥30% improvement in rTNSS from baseline was 80.0% (95% CI, 71.4%–86.5%). Individual postnasal drip and cough symptom scores were significantly improved from baseline through 2 years. The proportion of patients who reached the MCID for the MiniRQLQ (≥0.4‐point improvement) at 2 years was 77.4% (95% CI, 68.5%–84.3%). Of 81 patients using chronic rhinitis medications at baseline, 61.7% either stopped all medication use (28.4%) or stopped or decreased (33.3%) use of ≥1 medication class at 2 years. No device/procedure‐related serious adverse events were reported throughout 2 years.ConclusionTCRF neurolysis of the PNN resulted in sustained improvements in chronic rhinitis symptom burden and quality of life through 2 years, accompanied by a substantial decrease in medication burden.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:2077–2084, 2024
Flaws in the methodologies for organic carbon analysis in seagrass blue carbon soils
Authors: Serrano Oscar , Mazarrasa Ines , Fourqurean James W. , Serrano Eduard , Baldock Jeffrey , Sanderman Jonathan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ability to accurately measure organic carbon (OC) in marine sediments or soils is overall taken for granted in scientific communities, yet this seemingly mundane task remains a methodological challenge when the soil matrix contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3), creating inaccuracies in Blue Carbon estimates. Here, we compared five common methods combining acidification, combustion, and wet oxidation pre‐treatments for determination of OC in sediments and soils containing CaCO3 based on the analyses of artificial soil mixtures made of different OC and CaCO3 contents, and multiple soils from Australian seagrass cores. The results obtained showed that methods involving acidification pre‐treatment entailed −17 ± 0.2% (mean ± SE) underestimation of OC content (ranging from −8% to −26%), whereas the combustion‐based method was accurate for samples with high CaCO3 content but entailed 32–47% overestimation in samples with low CaCO3 content. The Heanes method (wet oxidation method) showed <5% deviation from the known OC content, but this method is not suitable for soil samples containing reduced iron, sulfur and potentially manganese compounds. The differences observed among methods have significant impacts on local, regional, and global Blue Carbon storage calculations. We provide key methodological guidelines for the analysis of OC in soils with high and low CaCO3 contents, aiming at improving accuracy in current Blue Carbon science.
Novel PNKP mutations associated with reduced DNA single‐strand break repair and severe microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay
Authors: Thuresson Ann‐Charlotte , Brazina Jan , Akram Talia , Albrecht Julia , Dahl Niklas , Soussi Zander Cecilia , Caldecott Keith W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicrocephaly with early‐onset seizures (MCSZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the DNA strand break repair protein, polynucleotide kinase 3′‐phosphatase (PNKP).MethodsWe have used whole genome sequencing and Sanger sequencing to identify disease‐causing variants, followed by a minigene assay, Western blotting, alkaline comet assay, γH2AX, and ADP‐ribose immunofluorescence.ResultsHere, we describe a patient with compound heterozygous variants in PNKP, including a missense variant in the DNA phosphatase domain (T323M) and a novel splice acceptor site variant within the DNA kinase domain that we show leads to exon skipping. We show that primary fibroblasts derived from the patient exhibit greatly reduced levels of PNKP protein and reduced rates of DNA single‐strand break repair, confirming that the mutated PNKP alleles are dysfunctional.ConclusionThe data presented show that the detected compound heterozygous variants result in reduced levels of PNKP protein, which affect the repair of both oxidative and TOP1‐induced single‐strand breaks, and most likely causes MCSZ in this patient.
Recent advances in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) recycling
Authors: Ait‐Touchente Zouhair , Khellaf Maya , Raffin Guy , Lebaz Noureddine , Elaissari Abdelhamid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolyvinyl chloride (PVC) recycling is crucial for mitigating the environmental impact of PVC wastes, which take decades to decompose in landfills. This review examines the current state of PVC recycling processes, focusing on challenges and future research opportunities. It explores the types and sources of PVC wastes, including post‐consumer, industrial, and construction wastes. Conventional recycling methods such as mechanical, thermal, and chemical recycling are discussed, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and successful applications. Furthermore, recent advances in PVC recycling, including biological, plasma‐assisted, and solvent‐based recycling, are explored, considering their potential benefits and challenges. The review emphasizes the European context of PVC recycling, as the region has implemented regulatory initiatives and collaborations. It points out the Circular Economy Action Plan and directives targeting PVC waste management, which have promoted recycling and established a supportive framework. Challenges of current PVC recycling methods and technologies, such as low yield and high energy consumption, are identified. The review calls for the development of efficient and cost‐effective recycling technologies, along with improvements in recycling infrastructure and consumer awareness. Assessing the environmental and economic impacts, PVC recycling significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions and conserves resources compared to virgin PVC production. The economic benefits include job creation and reduced raw material costs.
Neue Computermodelle erklären Sternexplosionen
Authors: Janka Hans‐Thomas 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Explosionen der meisten massereichen Sterne als Supernovae werden durch den Energieübertrag von Neutrinos aus dem heißen, entstehenden Neutronenstern auf die ihn umgebende Materie verursacht. Selbstkonsistente 3D‐Simulationen der Fluiddynamik des stellaren Plasmas inklusive allgemein‐relativistischer Effekte und detaillierter Neutrino‐ und Kernphysik stützen nun diese Theorie. Die Modelle können zahlreiche beobachtete Eigenschaften von Supernovae und von deren kompakten und gasförmigen Überresten erklären. Der Ablauf des neutrinogetriebenen Mechanismus hängt vom radialen Aufbau und von Asymmetrien in den innersten, konvektiven Brennschalen der Vorläufersterne ab.
Military Leadership: Concepts and Theoretical Approaches
Authors: Kernic Franz , Elbe Martin , Richter Gregor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLeadership is a key concept in military organizations which refers to processes of direct influence and command. In this chapter, the subject, basic concepts, and central issues of military leadership are described. General leadership concepts such as military leadership myths and archetypes as well as leadership theories in philosophy and the social sciences show the broadness of the ideas about leadership. Theoretical approaches, explanatory models, and empirical findings concerning military leadership are discussed in this paper, too. Leadership concepts in modern armed forces finally help us to improve our understanding of nowadays military leadership.
The Religious Space of Knowledge: The Basel Mission, Worldwide Webs and Pietist Purity
Authors: Ratschiller Nasim Linda Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines the ideological and social context in which the Basel Mission emerged and scrutinises the changing meaning of Pietist purity over the nineteenth century. The Basel Mission drew upon the support of wealthy and powerful patrician families from Basel and far-flung Pietist networks across Europe and beyond. However, it swiftly transformed into a grassroots movement, funded by small donations from a large number of people in urban and rural areas of Switzerland and Germany. The Basel Mission’s evangelising efforts abroad were linked to charitable activities at home, which tackled the ostensible problem of de-Christianisation within Europe and fundamentally depended on voluntary work, especially by women and children. Although healing had been part of Pietism ever since the movement gained momentum, most adherents had reservations about the morality and efficacy of scientific medicine, discernible in their preference for healing and deliverance theology. The Basel missionaries’ prolonged experience of death and illness in West Africa, however, allowed for the reformulation of Pietist concepts of purity and healing through the integration of scientific theories of disease and hygiene.
Inference in Probabilistic Answer Set Programming Under the Credal Semantics
Authors: Azzolini Damiano , Riguzzi Fabrizio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProbabilistic Answer Set Programming under the credal semantics (PASP) describes an uncertain domain through an answer set program extended with probabilistic facts. The PASTA language leverages PASP to express statistical statements. A solver with the same name allows to perform inference in PASTA programs and, in general, in PASP. In this paper, we investigate inference in PASP, propose a new inference algorithm called aspcs based on Second Level Algebraic Model Counting (2AMC), and implement it into the aspmc solver. Then, we compare it with PASTA on a set of benchmarks: the empirical results show that, when the program does not contain aggregates, the new algorithm outperforms PASTA. However, when we consider PASTA statements and aggregates, we need to replace aggregates with a possibly exponential number of rules, and aspcs is slower than PASTA.
Reducing racism in education: embedding Indigenous perspectives in curriculum
Authors: Murray Gabrielle , Campton Stacey 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper begins with a discussion of a program of work to map and embed Indigenous perspectives at RMIT University, outlines issues relating to the uptake of its guiding principles and actions, and then proposes a rethinking of the work. The authors argue that non-Indigenous educators are often ill equipped to undertake curriculum deconstruction or review. They lack a comprehensive understanding of colonial history, truth telling, racism, and the impact of power dynamics, with its institutional privileging of whiteness. It is often only with this foundational knowledge that staff are positioned to undertake curriculum analysis and ensure that their teaching environments are culturally safe. While this paper is case specific, the original project and the reconsideration of behaviours and actions are relevant to all educational institutions facing similar stumbling blocks when it comes to informing educators in the knowledge and capabilities required to include Indigenous perspectives in curricula and to create safe teaching environments.
A case of massive hemoptysis caused by lung cancer saved by V-V ECMO and hemostasis achieved by radiotherapy
Authors: Takizawa Daichi , Ishida Toshiki , Nakano Hidehiko , Tachi Hiroaki , Yamamoto Yusuke , Shimizu Kei , Iizumi Takashi , Sumiya Taisuke , Ohnishi Kayoko , Sakurai Hideyuki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMassive hemoptysis is one of the fatal complications of lung cancer. There is no established standard treatment method for it, and it often causes sudden suffocation, and some cases may be difficult to save. A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with dyspnea, and developed massive hemoptysis from lung cancer shortly after admission. The tumor had obstructed the right main bronchus and had invaded the right pulmonary artery. Surgery and interventional radiology were judged impossible. The patient was successfully saved by the introduction of Veno-Venous Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (V-V ECMO), and hemostasis was obtained by radiotherapy. Two months after completion of radiotherapy, he was weaned off the ventilator and discharged on his own. He died of increased peritoneal dissemination and other complications 1 year and 1 month later, but no recurrence of hemoptysis was noted until his death. We experienced a case of massive hemoptysis in which V-V ECMO and radiation therapy succeeded in saving life and stopping bleeding. The use of V-V ECMO by emergency care teams and multimodality therapy, including radiotherapy, were effective for massive hemoptysis from lung cancer.
Contextualizing Contemporary Research Ethics Policies and Practices in Significant Historical Events
Authors: Mead Jasperse Sarah C. , Kelly Michelle P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTheEthics Code for Behavior Analysts(BACB Code; Behavior Analyst Certification Board®, 2020) includes six items in “Section 6—Responsibility in Research'' that cover the protection of human participants in research activities conducted by Board Certified Assistant Behavior Analysts® and Board Certified Behavior Analysts®. This article provides a brief primer regarding significant historical events and foundational documents that have resulted in the contemporary research ethics policies and practices in the field of behavior analysis. This walk through the last century from the Nuremberg Code to the Declaration of Helsinki, the Belmont Report, and 45 CFR Part 46—Protection of Human Subjects provides a summary of why the codification of requirements such as “informed consent” and “Institutional Review Board” oversight was necessary. The linkages between these historical events and the current BACB Code items are discussed. In addition, situations in which the BACB Code does not provide explicit instruction but foundational documents may provide additional guidance are considered. Finally, opportunities for future data-driven decision making in research ethics are offered.
Religion and worldviews education and the paradox of inclusivity
Authors: Moulin Daniel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractParadoxes of inclusivity occur when attempts at inclusivity clash with the exclusive claims of some of the positions they seek to accommodate. In this article I identify and consider how such a paradox manifests in multi-faith religious education pedagogies—what I call the ‘paradox of interreligious inclusivity’ or ‘PIRI’, for short. After presenting some relevant and illuminating examples, I consider PIRI in regard to proposals in England for ‘religion and worldviews education’. By defining the conceptual problem at the root of challenges posed by such an innovation and pedagogical models more generally, I suggest greater recognition of the deep implications of PIRI are essential in any context when educators seek to include those of all religions and those of none in programmes of religious education.
Markets as dualistic, semi-decentralized organizations
Authors: Jackson William A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe theoretical ideal of a competitive market is generally assumed to separate organizing from trading, in an implicit dualism. Traders sell or buy within the market but do not organize it. This paper proposes an alternative, more realistic conceptual scheme based on duality, in which organizing and trading are distinct but intertwined. While the exchange of property rights is overseen centrally, many details of market trade are decided locally by traders. Producers and retailers may arrange the trading venue, specify the items traded, set and publish prices, provide information, and transport goods. They cultivate relationships with customers, recasting the pattern of trade and the social structures that underlie the market. Such dualistic, semi-decentralized organizing generates other dualities, including stability-change and continuity–creativity. A duality perspective can encompass the complexity of markets, as well as illustrate the numerous ways they may evolve.
Physicochemical, microbiological, and sensorial properties of chickpea yogurt analogue produced with different types of stabilizers
Authors: Mohd Fazla Sofia Nadhirah , Marzlan Anis Asyila , Meor Hussin Anis Shobirin , Abd Rahim Muhamad Hafiz , Madzuki Iffah Nadhira , Mohsin Aliah Zannierah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is a growing need for plant-based yogurts analogue that meet consumer demands in terms of texture and sensory qualities. Stabilizers are crucial in plant-based yogurt's physical properties which help develop a thicker and creamier texture, mimicking dairy yogurt. Thus, the study aims to evaluate the effect of pectin, corn starch, and locust bean gum (LBG) at different ratios on the physical, chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of chickpea yogurts analogue (CYA). The concentration of stabilizer significantly influenced (p < 0.05) the proximate compositions, physicochemical and textural properties, and cell viability. CYA with 0.5% pectin showed the highest fat (4.75 ± 0.07) and protein content (2.39 ± 0.07), which were significantly different from other formulations. A significant increase (p < 0.05) was observed in yogurt viscosity with the addition of corn starch and LBG at 1.0%. Firmness and consistency were improved in samples supplemented with 1.0% corn starch. The sensory evaluation indicated that adding LBG at the ratio of 0.5% generated better preference among panelists in terms of the appearance, color, and texture aspects. Meanwhile, commercial CYA showed significantly higher overall acceptability (p < 0.05) than other samples. The stabilizer’s behavior significantly impacts the features of CYA, and which with 0.5% LBG received high consumer acceptance, indicating good potential for CYA to be on the same shelf with other commercial yogurts analogue in the market.
“Just give me pregabalin, doctor”: pregabalin use disorder in two undocumented migrants from North Africa
Authors: Cunha Catarina , Corvacho Mafalda , França Gustavo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Pregabalin is a widely prescribed medication for various medical conditions, including neuropathic pain and anxiety disorders. Recently, several studies have shown an increase in the recreational use of pregabalin, particularly among vulnerable populations, such as the migrant population.

Methods
The authors aim to present two case reports of pregabalin use disorder observed among migrants residing in a temporary detention center for undocumented migrants in Portugal, and to conduct a non-systematic review of the literature on the potential abuse of pregabalin.

Results
A growing body of research suggests an increasing global trend toward the inappropriate use linked with gabapentinoid medications, particularly pregabalin. The occurrence of euphoria, sedation, and dissociation at higher doses appears to be related to its abuse potential. Studies show that pregabalin abuse occurs particularly in patients with substance use disorders and in vulnerable populations such as migrants.

Conclusion
The migrant population appears to be particularly vulnerable to pregabalin abuse. Healthcare professionals should be aware of this emerging problem, especially if they work directly with this population. Prescribing should be done with caution, and when suspected, screening for abuse should be conducted.
An Augustinian Christology
Authors: Walker-Lenow Joseph 
Published: November 2023

In An Augustinian Christology: Completing Christ, Joseph Walker-Lenow advances a striking christological thesis: Jesus Christ, true God and true human, only becomes who he is through his relations to the world around him. To understand both his person and work, it is necessary to see him as receptive to and determined by the people he meets, the environments he inhabits, even those people who come to worship him. Christ and the redemption he brings cannot be understood apart from these factors, for it is through the existence and agency of the created world that he redeems. To pursue these claims, Walker-Lenow draws on an underappreciated resource in the history of Christian thought: St. Augustine of Hippo's theology of the 'whole Christ.' Presenting Augustine's christology across the full range of his writings, Joseph Walker-Lenow recovers a christocentric Augustine with the potential to transform our understandings of the Church and its mission in our world.