bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unusual presentation of pilomatricoma: A case report and comprehensive review of the literature
Authors: Bazargan Afsaneh Sadeghzadeh , Jafarzadeh Alireza , Nobari Niloufar Najar , Dilmaghani Sara , Shayanfar Nasrin 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessagePilomatricoma is a benign proliferative lesion of skin appendages that often affects the head, upper limbs, and lower limbs. The clinical appearance of the lesions is that of asymptomatic nodules measuring less than 3 cm. pathologically, these skin lesions show the presence of basaloid cell islands, eosinophilic cytoplasmic cells without nuclei, as well as hemorrhage and calcification. In this study, we present the case of an 8‐year‐old girl with a 5 × 5 cm skin lesion on the forearm, which lacked the typical firmness associated with pilomatricoma lesions during examination. After biopsy, the lesion was confirmed to be pilomatricoma. Furthermore, we have reviewed studies documenting pilomatricoma lesions with atypical clinical features. Based on reports of different clinical manifestations of pilomatricoma in these studies, we suggest that the clinical diagnosis of pilomatricoma should not be limited to the typical presentation of these lesions. In cases where the lesions exceed 3 cm in size, display cystic characteristics, are painful, or resemble keloids, consideration should also be given to the possibility of pilomatricoma.
Axillary lymph node pigmentation in tattooed patients
Authors: Yamaguchi Toshiyuki 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageTattooed pigments often migrate to the regional lymph nodes, leading to staining and swelling of these nodes. This migration can create confusion for surgeons when evaluating regional lymph nodes for staging of malignant disease like breast cancer.AbstractA 50‐year‐old woman with left breast carcinoma underwent left mastectomy and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy. A cherry blossom tattoo was observed on the left pectoral region, which she had acquired 6 years prior. Two lymph nodes were excised as SLNs and one of the two SLNs exhibited partial pink staining. Serial sections were performed on the block, revealing pinkish particles within the colored area on pathological examination. However, no metastasis was detected.
Resection of chronic expanding hematoma within the liver cyst difficult to differentiate from liver cystadenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Abe Kodai , Tomita Shunsuke , Suzuki Shohei , Kigasawa Yu , Kashiwagi Hironobu , Nishioka Michihito , Kabeshima Yasuo 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageLiver cysts are common benign lesions with rare malignancy potential. Distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors within liver cysts is challenging. We present the case of a patient with a chronically expanding hematoma within a liver cyst that was resected under suspicion of liver cystadenocarcinoma. A 73‐year‐old female patient presented with elevated hepatobiliary enzyme levels, no viral hepatitis, elevated tumor marker levels, and preserved liver capacity (Child–Pugh grade A). Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a large cyst (>10 cm) occupying the right lobe and a 25‐mm mass lesion with mixed echogenicity inside the cyst. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography showed atrophy of the parenchyma of the right lobe and dilation of the right intrahepatic bile duct due to the large cyst. Moreover, in the arterial phase, a point‐like high‐density area was observed inside the nodule, which increased from 25 to 35 mm over 3 months. Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high‐intensity signal within the nodule; however, positron emission tomography did not show an increased accumulation of fluorodeoxyglucose in the same area. Considering the risk of peritoneal dissemination if the cyst was punctured and found to be malignant, we performed a right hepatectomy. Pathological findings revealed a brownish fluid‐filled cyst containing a dark reddish nodule diffusely filled with hematoma, confirming the absence of a malignancy. To date, the patient has not experienced recurrence. We encountered a case of a chronic, expanding hematoma originating from a liver cyst that was difficult to distinguish preoperatively from a liver cystadenocarcinoma.
Pelvic and peritoneal hydatidosis: An uncommon presentation of the common entity
Authors: Kc Milan , Regmi Ishwor , Jha Alok Kumar , Pokhrel Biraj , Pathak Roshan , Kashyap Ashutosh , Gyawali Siddinath , Rijal Deepika , Awale Laligen , Bhattarai Abhishek , Kansakar Prasan Bir Singh 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe pelvic and peritoneal hydatidosis occurs mostly after the traumatic rupture or surgical spillage of Echinococcus from liver or spleen. The treatment is surgical aiming to eradicate local disease, preventing complications, and reducing recurrences.AbstractWe report a unique case of a 26‐year‐old male who presented with acute urinary retention and abdominal distention. Later, CT‐urography revealed peritoneal and pelvic hydatidosis behind this presentation, which was managed surgically.
Occurrence of adult‐onset Still's disease after coronavirus disease 2019 BNT162B2 vaccination in a patient with ulcerative colitis: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Kobayashi Takahiro , Hashimoto Kenichi , Kusanagi Yasuyoshi , Tanaka Yuji 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe report an extremely rare occurrence of adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) in a patient with ulcerative colitis. The possibility of autoinflammatory conditions such as AOSD should be considered when evaluating or treating symptoms suspected as side effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination, regardless of the associated comorbidities.SummaryA woman in her 50s with a history of stable ulcerative colitis (UC) for 20 years, managed using salazosulfapyridine, presented with migratory rashes, spiking fever, edema, and joint pain that started 1 week after receiving the BNT162B2 mRNA vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Laboratory tests revealed extremely high serum ferritin levels. The patient was diagnosed with adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) based on the relevant classification criteria after ruling out other diseases. Detection of high levels of interleukin‐18, an inflammatory cytokine related to AOSD, supported the diagnosis. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug monotherapy alone resulted in significant improvements in both the abovementioned symptoms and the elevated inflammatory marker levels. AOSD in a patient with UC is extremely rare. Only one case of AOSD with UC was reported before the coronavirus disease 2019 era. This case indicates that SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination can trigger a hyperinflammatory response, classified as AOSD, in a patient with UC, which is extremely rare.
Crafting Versatile Modes of Pt(II) Complexes with Flexidentate Pyridyl‐β‐diketones: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Catalytic Behavior in Olefin Hydrosilylation
Authors: Kurpik Gracjan , Walczak Anna , Łukasik Igor , Matela Zuzanna , Stefankiewicz Artur R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCycloplatinated complexes, with their high reactivity, combined with the capability to tailor ligands for specific catalytic processes, play a pivotal role in materials science and coordination chemistry, serving as versatile catalysts for applications in the organic synthesis of industrially relevant processes. In this report, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new family of Pt(II) complexes based on three isomeric pyridyl‐β‐diketones diversified in terms of N‐atom location in the heterocyclic ring. By appropriate control of the reaction conditions, we were able to generate distinct coordination species, featuring ligands arranged as N,C(sp3)‐ and N,O‐chelates, as well as simple pyridyl‐N donors. Various analytical techniques, including X‐Ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy and ESI‐MS spectrometry enabled the characterization of different coordination modes of the central atoms and unambiguously established the complex structures. Furthermore, all the Pt(II) coordination units have been found to be highly active and selective catalyst precursors in the hydrosilylation reactions within a broad scope of olefins with hydrosilanes.
Multi‐objective Firefly algorithm combining logistic mapping and Cauchy mutation
Authors: Fan Feiyan , Cheng Xiaoling , Yan Xijun , Wu Yongqiang , Luo Zhonghua 
Published: December 2023

SummaryIn the process of evolution, the multi‐target Firefly algorithm has a single learning strategy and is easy to fall into premature convergence, resulting in poor comprehensive performance of the algorithm. To solve this problem, a multi‐objective firefly algorithm (MOFA‐LM) combining logistic mapping and Cauchy mutation is proposed in this article. To improve the uneven distribution of the initial population, the initial population with good ergodicity is generated by logistic mapping. Aiming at the problem that the population is easy to fall into local optimal, Cauchy mutation can generate relatively large disturbance when fireflies are updating their positions, which makes it easier to jump out of the local optimal value with a wide range of individual optimization, effectively improve the optimization accuracy of the algorithm, overcome the premature convergence of the algorithm and maintain the convergence of the population. In the experimental part, the proposed algorithm is compared with some multi‐objective optimization algorithms in 19 benchmark test functions, and the effectiveness of the strategy added by MOFA‐LM is verified. The results show that MOFA‐LM has obvious advantages over other algorithms in improving population convergence and distribution.
Covalent inhibitors: An ambitious approach for the discovery of newer oncotherapeutics
Authors: Cheke Rameshwar S. , Kharkar Prashant S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCovalent inhibitors have been used to treat several diseases for over a century. However, strategic approaches for the rational design of covalent drugs have taken a definitive shape in recent times. Since the first appearance of covalent inhibitors in the late 18th century, the field has grown tremendously and around 30% of marketed drugs are covalent inhibitors especially, for oncology indications. However, the off‐target toxicity and safety concerns can be significant issues related to the covalent drugs. Covalent kinase inhibitor (CKI) targeted oncotherapeutics has advanced dramatically over the last two decades since the discovery of afatinib (Gilotrif®), an EGFR inhibitor. Since then, US FDA has approved 10 CKIs for diverse cancer targets. The present review broadly summarizes the ongoing development in the discovery of newer CKIs from 2016 till the end of 2022. We believe that these efforts will assist the modern medicinal chemist actively working in the field of CKI discovery for varied indications.
Women are expected to smile: Preliminary evidence for the role of gender in the neurophysiological processing of adult emotional faces in 3‐year‐old children
Authors: Portengen Christel M. , Junge Caroline M. M. , van Baar Anneloes L. , Endendijk Joyce J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChildren form stereotyped expectations about the appropriateness of certain emotions for men versus women during the preschool years, based on cues from their social environments. Although ample research has examined the development of gender stereotypes in children, little is known about the neural responses that underlie the processing of gender‐stereotyped emotions in children. Therefore, the current study examined whether 3‐year‐olds differ in the neural processing of emotional stimuli that violate gender stereotypes (i.e., male faces with fearful or happy expressions) or confirm gender stereotypes (i.e., female faces with fearful or happy expressions), and whether boys and girls differ in their neural processing of the violation and confirmation of gender stereotypes. Data from 72 3‐year‐olds (±6 months, 43% boy) were obtained from the YOUth Cohort Study. Electroencephalography data were obtained when children passively viewed male and female faces displaying neutral, happy, or fearful facial expressions. This study provided first indications that happy male faces elicited larger P1 amplitudes than happy female faces in preschool children, which might reflect increased attentional processing of stimuli that violate gender stereotypes. Moreover, there was preliminary evidence that girls had larger negative central (Nc) responses, associated with salience processing, toward female happy faces than male happy faces, whereas boys had larger Nc responses toward male happy faces than female happy faces. No gender differences were found in the processing of neutral and fearful facial expressions. Our results indicate that electroencephalography measurements can provide insights into preschoolers’ gender‐stereotype knowledge about emotions, potentially by looking at the early occipital and late fronto‐central responses.
Global overview on groundwater fauna
Authors: Koch Fabien , Blum Philipp , Korbel Kathryn , Menberg Kathrin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGroundwater is an important global resource, providing water for irrigation, industry, geothermal uses and potable water. Moreover, groundwater contains the world's largest terrestrial freshwater biome with ecosystems, inhabited mainly by invertebrates (stygofauna) and microbes, undertaking important services including water purification, as well as nutrient and carbon cycling. Despite investigations on the spatial and temporal variations of groundwater fauna and the influence of environmental parameters on these organisms, in parts of the world, even the most basic knowledge of these ecosystems is still lacking. The aims of this study are to provide an overview on groundwater fauna (stygofauna) research, including the historical evolution of research topics and the development of sampling methods and secondly to identify the global distribution of groundwater fauna research and resulting data gaps. To achieve this, an extensive review of accessible groundwater fauna data was conducted by analysing 859 studies. It was evident that over time, there has been an exponential increase in the number of groundwater fauna studies together with changing paradigms in the research focus, particularly as sampling methods have developed from using simple nets, substrate samples and hand‐pumps in the beginning to recent molecular analyses (e.g. eDNA). As application of molecular methods becomes more common, knowledge on groundwater diversity and functional ecology is expected to increase. Studies on groundwater fauna are spatially uneven and are dominated by research in Europe and Australia, with few studies in Africa, Asia and the Americas. This presently biased view on groundwater biota hinders the identification of biodiversity patterns and ecosystem functions on a wider geographic and climatic scale. In the future, a more evenly distributed stygofauna sampling effort in currently underrepresented areas of the globe is necessary to ensure a more comprehensive perspective on stygofauna biodiversity, roles and functional significances. This is increasingly important with the accumulating knowledge of the sensitivities of these ecosystems to anthropogenic activities, including climate change, and is fundamental to effective management of these ecosystems.
Automated parameterization of velocity pulses in near‐fault ground motions
Authors: Chang Zhiwang , Wu Haoran , Goda Katsuichiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProper parameterization of near‐fault ground motions is of critical importance in earthquake engineering, and this process is traditionally performed by directly fitting an analytical pulse model to the original motion. Yet such a process is usually limited by the trial‐and‐error procedure, which is strongly dependent on the initial guesses and may converge to local rather than global minimums. In this study, we propose a progressive (step‐by‐step) iterative approach that can achieve a fully automated parameterization of the velocity pulse contained in near‐fault motions. Assuming that a velocity pulse can be characterized by a pulse model with four key parameters, the approach is conducted by iteratively matching the pulse model to the smoothed ground motion, and the parameterized pulse is analytically derived by best fitting to the smoothed motion not only in the time domain but also in the spectral domain. Specifically, the velocity time history of interest is initially smoothed by a moving average filter so that the low‐frequency content can be filtered out of the original motion, from which the pulse amplitude as well as its epoch is accordingly determined. The coherent velocity pulse is then progressively extracted by performing the nonlinear least‐square‐fitting of the pulse model to the filtered low‐frequency content, during which the remaining parameters, that is, the pulse period, the number of cycles and the phase of the pulse, are estimated successively. Finally, the above procedure is applied repeatedly to the original ground motion by changing an empirical factor controlling the extent of smoothing of the motion so that convergence to local minimums that frequently occurs in the trial‐and‐error procedure could be largely avoided, and best match of the spectrum of the extracted pulse to that of the original motion can be acquired. Fitting quality of the velocity pulses is examined by comparing with existing methods. Prospective applications of the proposed procedure include the stochastic simulations of near‐fault ground motions and parametric investigations of the influence of velocity pulses on various engineered structures.
Effect of flame‐retardant melamine and dispersants on the mechanical, thermal, and foaming properties of flexible polyurethane foam
Authors: Jeon Yu Yeong , Jeon Euy Sik , Kim Young Shin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of adding flame‐retardant melamine and five different dispersants on the precipitation, foaming, mechanical, and thermal properties of flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF). Precipitation experiments were conducted to analyze the effect of dispersant on the separation of flame retardant and polyol, and the foaming characteristics of polyurethane (PU) foam after adding dispersant were analyzed. The effect of adding a dispersant on mechanical strength was characterized by measuring tensile strength, tearing strength, and hardness, and scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to analyze morphological characteristics. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to analyze the thermal properties of PU foam. A horizontal flame test, limiting oxygen index test, and cone calorimeter tests were conducted to examine the flame retardancy of PU foam with flame retardant melamine and dispersant added. The dispersant ANTI‐TERRA‐U is a solution of a salt of unsaturated polyamine amides and low‐molecular acidic polyesters. And, the dispersant BYK‐220S is a solution of a low molecular weight, unsaturated acidic polycarboxylic acid polyester with a polysiloxane copolymer. The dispersants ANTI‐TERRA‐U and BYK‐220S improved the density, tensile strength, tear strength, and hardness of FPUF. TGA of the top and bottom portions of the foam showed less weight difference for samples containing dispersants, indicating better homogeneity due to improved dispersibility. Therefore, we conclude that dispersants are beneficial additives to improve the mechanical properties and dispersibility of PU foam.
Corrosion performance of carbon/stainless steel in amine‐based solvents under different conditions for CO2 chemical absorption process
Authors: Wang Yuwei , Fang Mengxiang , Wang Tao , Gao Jun , Huang Yan , Li Shuifei , Lu Xiaozheng , Sun Yuhang , Zhang Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe overall corrosion behavior of S304 stainless steel and A3 carbon steel in 30 wt.% MEA (monoethanolamine) and AMP/MEA (2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol / monoethanolamine) blended amine solutions at 40–100°C was investigated. The characterization analysis of the corroded material surfaces was performed, and the changes in the properties of both solvents after long‐term immersion corrosion were measured, including the accumulation of heat stable salts (HSS) and viscosity changes. The results of the long‐term immersion corrosion experiments showed that the corrosion rate of S304 stainless steel was significantly lower than that of A3 carbon steel in both amine solutions. However, the corrosion rate of both materials exhibited a similar trend, initially decreasing and then stabilizing over time. Due to the higher concentration of carbonate ions in the AMP/MEA system, it exhibited better overall corrosion resistance and degradation resistance compared to the MEA system. The main component of the corrosion product on carbon steel was identified as Fe2(OH)2CO3. The electrochemical test results showed that the corrosion current of S304 stainless steel was much smaller than that of A3 carbon steel, and its charge transfer resistance was much higher, indicating that it was less prone to electron loss in the organic amine solutions. Additionally, the AMP/MEA system exhibited superior corrosion resistance. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adolescents' qualitative expressions of functional seizure illness representation
Authors: Tanner Andrea L. , von Gaudecker Jane R. , Crowder Sharron J. , Buelow Janice M. , Miller Wendy R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdolescents with functional (nonepileptic) seizures experience challenges self‐managing this mental health condition, especially at school where adolescents experience stress, bullying, accusations of faking seizures, and stigma. According to the Common Sense Model of Self‐Regulation, adolescents' self‐management decisions and outcomes may be shaped by their functional seizure illness representation (perceptions or mental depictions formed in response to a health threat). However, current research has only explored adults' functional seizure illness representation; little is known about adolescents. The aim of this study was to explore adolescents' expressions of illness representation characteristics (identity, cause, consequence, controllability/curability, and timeline) when describing their experience attending school with functional seizures.MethodsWe analyzed qualitative data from 10 adolescents (age 12–19 years, 100% female) from the United States with functional seizures. Data collection occurred in 2019 via semistructured interviews about adolescents' school experiences. The theme of illness representation emerged without prompting adolescents to discuss illness representation or its characteristics. This study involved inductive analyses and magnitude coding of adolescents' unsolicited expressions of illness representation.ResultsAll five characteristics of illness representation were mentioned by adolescents; however, not all characteristics were mentioned by all adolescents. Adolescents' expressions of illness representation characteristics resulted in the following descriptive themes: clashing labels and mind‐body façade for identity, stress for cause, gains and losses for consequence, control/lack of control for controllability/curability, and no end of seizures in sight for timeline.ConclusionsAdolescents' expressions of illness representation reveal perceptions considered “threatening” within the Common Sense Model, especially those expressing lack of controllability/curability and condition timelines with no end in sight. The Common Sense Model offers a framework for understanding how these threatening perceptions may impact health and academic outcomes or change with intervention.