bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oropharyngeal free flap reconstruction: Transoral robotic surgery versus open approach
Authors: Virós Porcuna David , Viña Soria Constanza , Vila Poyatos Jordi , Palau Viarnès Mar , Malagon López Paloma , Gonzàlez Lluch Carlota , Higueras Suñe Carmen , Pollán Guisasola Carlos M. , Carrasco López Cristian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) has evolved since its 2009 US Food and Drug Administration approval for use in local stage T1–T2 oropharyngeal carcinoma. The ability to resect increasingly larger and more complex lesions has led to the need to introduce reconstructive techniques through this route, avoiding the classic transmandibular or pull‐through approach. Few studies have compared the safety, efficacy, and advantages of TORS versus classic open approaches in oropharyngeal salvage surgery with reconstruction using microanastomosed flaps. Here we retrospectively compare our center's experience with the open approach and TORS and describe the technical variations used.MethodsBetween 2013 and 2021, 30 stage III–IV oropharyngeal cancer patients underwent salvage surgery with reconstruction in our center. From 2013 to 2017, 15 patients underwent surgery with the classic open approach, and from 2018 to 2021, an additional 15 patients underwent TORS. We have compared surgical outcomes, post‐surgical results, and survival in the two groups.ResultsPatient characteristics were similar in the two groups. TORS was associated with shorter surgical time (p < .001), fewer complications (p = .01), shorter hospital stay (p < .001), and lower feeding tube requirements (p = .003). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in the free margin rate or survival.ConclusionOropharyngeal salvage surgery with TORS with free flap reconstruction reduced associated morbidity compared to the open approach in a patient cohort with poor prognosis.Level of Evidence4.
Assembling Two Self‐Trapped Exciton Emissions in 0D Metal Halides with Near‐Unity Quantum Yield and Zero Thermal‐Quenching Photoluminescence
Authors: Zhang Guodong , Dang Peipei , Lian Hongzhou , Li Kai , Tian Long , Yang Wei , Cheng Ziyong , Lin Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractZero‐dimensional (0D) lead‐free metal halides with efficient photoluminescence (PL) have wide application prospects in the optoelectronics field due to their unique structures and physicochemical properties. However, thermal quenching seriously hinders the practical applications of metal halide materials. Herein, this challenging effort is spearheaded to design novel lead‐free 0D indium‐based chloride K3InCl6:Sb3+ single crystals with zero‐thermal quenching and a near‐unity PL quantum yield based on an effective strategy to suppress non‐radiative transitions. Experimental and computational studies indicate that the intense PL emission originates from self‐trapping excitons (STEs). The extremely low temperature of 7 K and time‐resolved spectra reveal the existence of two individual STEs emissions induced by the distinguished octahedrons in K3InCl6:Sb3+ crystals. Meanwhile, the K3InCl6:Sb3+ crystals can maintain PL stability without thermal quenching over a wide temperature range. Furthermore, the phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diodes can stably operate in the long term, benefitting from the significant structural and PL stability of Sb3+‐doped 0D indium‐based chlorides. Therefore, this work not only presents new 0D metal halides with high efficiency and remarkable stability, but also provides insights into designing high‐performance optoelectronic materials.
THE WORK OF SANE LEADERSHIP
Authors: Wheatley Margaret 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe author, a consultant, senior‐level advisor, and teacher, discusses and explains the concept of sane leadership. “We need,” she writes, “to restore sanity by reviving the human spirit. We can only achieve this if we undertake the most challenging and meaningful work of our lives: creating Islands of Sanity.” She further contends: “Sanity is an honest relationship with reality. Sanity is seeing clearly, free of our filters, judgments, biases. When we see what’s going on, then we can discern what actions might be useful. Sanity creates possibilities.” She outlines 10 design principles within these areas, which in her words are, 1. Diversity: Complex issues demand difference to find solutions. 2. Inclusion: People need to feel needed. 3. Equality: begin and end as equals. 4. The Work: Place the work in the center and keep it there. 5. Motivation: Strong emotions are to be channeled not feared. 6. Learning: Learning from experience keeps us alive. 7. Experimentation: Life always gives us feedback. 8. Confidence: Both success and failure build confidence. 9. Community: The well‐being of our community supersedes all other concerns. 10. Evaluate: Are these design principles working? She concludes: “Do you choose to be a sane leader? Do you feel you have a choice?”
Fish distribution in three dimensions around the Block Island Wind Farm as observed with conventional and volumetric echosounders
Authors: Jech J. Michael , Lipsky Andrew , Moran Patrick , Matte Guillaume , Diaz Gabriel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Offshore wind development is expected to expand rapidly along the East Coast of the United States within the next 10 years and will impact the biology and ecology of the flora and fauna as well as human activities, such as commercial and recreational fishing. The Block Island Wind Farm is a five-turbine, 30-MW wind array located about 6 km off the coast of Rhode Island and has been in operation since 2016.

Methods
We conducted a 4-day acoustical and biological survey of the area during daylight hours to gain insight on the spatial distribution of fish species in and around the turbines. We utilized a hull-mounted, downward-looking Simrad 38-/200-kHz ES70 and a pole-mounted iXblue SeapiX steerable Mills Cross, 150-kHz, 1.6° resolution multibeam echosounder oriented downward to map the two- and three-dimensional distributions using spiral and straight-line transect patterns. We collected fish by using hook and line to verify the sources of acoustic backscatter and to measure length, sex, and diet.

Result
Black Sea Bass Centropristis striata were the most commonly caught species and appeared to be the primary constituents of the fish aggregations that were mapped by the acoustic systems. We found increased levels of acoustic backscatter within 200 m of the turbine structures, suggesting that they were attractive structures.

Conclusion
These levels were not greater than backscatter levels in the surrounding area, suggesting that the proximate effect of the wind array was spatially limited.
The reproductive biology and fecundity of female Atlantic Menhaden
Authors: Latour Robert J. , Gartland James , Schueller Amy M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus support fisheries that yield the largest landings by volume on the U.S. East Coast and fulfill a critical ecological role as a forage species. The spawning reference point of the stock assessment model that is routinely applied to this species requires information on total annual fecundity. The goal of this study was to generate a contemporary, histology-based evaluation of the reproductive biology and fecundity of female Atlantic Menhaden.

Methods
Female Atlantic Menhaden (n = 559) were collected between Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, from 2013 to 2019. Ovarian tissues were prepared using standard histological techniques which, when coupled with oocyte size-frequency and count data, were used to classify reproductive mode and estimate batch fecundity, spawning frequency, and maturity. Monthly gonosomatic indices were combined with published female reproductive information and spatiotemporal patterns in larval and juvenile abundance to designate spawning seasonality.

Result
Histological preparations and oocyte size-frequency patterns of female Atlantic Menhaden ovaries were consistent with indeterminate batch spawning. Batch fecundity increased with fork length, while spawning seasonality extended from September 15 to April 15 with a spawn every 7.5 ± 2.3 days. Female maturity probabilities transitioned from 0.2 to 0.8 over fork lengths of 214.8–226.5 mm (approximately ages 2.0–2.3 years). Estimated mean per capita female annual fecundity varied from 465,757 to 3,250,135 oocytes for fish ranging from 215.8 to 284.8 mm fork length (ages 2–6 years), which represented a 614–2267% (mean = 1656%) increase in annual female reproductive output relative to previous estimates.

Conclusion
Female Atlantic Menhaden exhibit indeterminant batch spawning while spawning seasonality and mean per capita female annual fecundity were appreciably greater than previously reported. This new reproductive information illuminates the robust reproductive productivity of this species and will aid routinely conducted stock assessments.
Tripartite evolutionary game analysis of supply chain low‐carbon transformation considering the coupling of carbon tax and subsidy regulations
Authors: Yu Liying , Xu Hui , Zhang Ziyuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConsidering the coupling of the differential carbon tax and subsidy policies, this paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model. Then the factors influencing the behavior of each party are analyzed. Results show that the increasing rate of manufacturer income and retailer income when taking low‐carbon strategy can affect their enthusiasm to adopt low‐carbon behavior. In terms of the external regulation, the combination of differential carbon tax policy and subsidy policy can effectively restrain manufacturer's free‐riding behavior and encourage the manufacturer to complete the low‐carbon transformation. However, such policy combination has poor supervision effect on retailer's free‐riding behavior.
Stress‐hybrid virtual element method on quadrilateral meshes for compressible and nearly‐incompressible linear elasticity
Authors: Chen Alvin , Sukumar N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article, we propose a robust low‐order stabilization‐free virtual element method on quadrilateral meshes for linear elasticity that is based on the stress‐hybrid principle. We refer to this approach as the stress‐hybrid virtual element method (SH‐VEM). In this method, the Hellinger–Reissner variational principle is adopted, wherein both the equilibrium equations and the strain‐displacement relations are variationally enforced. We consider small‐strain deformations of linear elastic solids in the compressible and near‐incompressible regimes over quadrilateral (convex and nonconvex) meshes. Within an element, the displacement field is approximated as a linear combination of canonical shape functions that are virtual. The stress field, similar to the stress‐hybrid finite element method of Pian and Sumihara, is represented using a linear combination of symmetric tensor polynomials. A 5‐parameter expansion of the stress field is used in each element, with stress transformation equations applied on distorted quadrilaterals. In the variational statement of the strain‐displacement relations, the divergence theorem is invoked to express the stress coefficients in terms of the nodal displacements. This results in a formulation with solely the nodal displacements as unknowns. Numerical results are presented for several benchmark problems from linear elasticity. We show that SH‐VEM is free of volumetric and shear locking, and it converges optimally in the norm and energy seminorm of the displacement field, and in the norm of the hydrostatic stress.
Bridging the gap? Public–private partnerships and genetically modified crop development for smallholder farmers in Africa
Authors: Dowd‐Uribe Brian , Rock Joeva Sean , Spreadbury Trevor , Chiril Patricia , Uminsky David 
Published: November 2023

Societal Impact StatementGenetically modified (GM) crops have the potential to address multiple challenges for African smallholder farmers but are limited by several institutional constraints. Public–private partnerships (PPPs) are seen as an organizational fix to one such constraint, bringing privately held intellectual property rights on key crop technologies to African public institutions to develop GM crops for smallholder farmers. Here, a new comprehensive dataset of GM crops in Africa is used to understand the extent and efficacy of PPP‐led GM crop development for smallholder farmers and discuss what might limit their potential in the future.SummaryGenetically modified (GM) crops are promoted as a key tool to address multiple challenges in Africa, including the impacts of climate change and food insecurity. Observers have noted, however, significant institutional challenges to achieving such goals, most notably, intellectual property rights (IPR) to key GM traits being held by private companies who have limited incentives to develop those technologies for smallholder farmers. To bridge the gap between privately held IPR and pro‐poor crop breeding, advocates have called for increased funding for institutional innovations such as public–private partnerships (PPPs) to facilitate the transfer of crop technologies from private companies to public research institutes.For the past two decades, donors and firms have invested considerable resources toward PPPs. However, to date, few research efforts have empirically examined the extent and effectiveness of PPPs at the continental scale.This study draws from a new comprehensive dataset on GM crop research and development in Africa to examine whether the anticipated advantages of PPPs have resulted in an improved ability to deliver GM crops to smallholder farmers.We find that although PPP research has focused on crops and traits more relevant for smallholder farmers, many of these efforts have been suspended, with only one crop thus far reaching the hands of farmers. PPPs can address some issues related to GM crop development but still appear constrained by other institutional challenges, which may limit their development, reach, and the achievement of targeted benefits for smallholder farmers.
Formulation and use of 3D‐hybrid and 4D‐hybrid ensemble covariances in the Météo‐France global data assimilation system
Authors: Berre Loïk , Arbogast Etienne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe global data assimilation (DA) system at Météo‐France is currently based on a 4D‐Var formulation relying on wavelet‐based 3D background‐error covariances. These covariances are specified at the beginning of the DA window and are evolved implicitly in the DA window through tangent linear and adjoint model integrations. Further research and development steps on data assimilation at Météo‐France are conducted in the framework of the Object‐Oriented Prediction System (OOPS), which is developed in collaboration with the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). For instance, 3D background‐error covariances can be made hybrid through a linear combination between wavelet‐based covariances and ensemble‐based covariances that are filtered through spatial localisation. This allows covariances to be made more anisotropic in a flow‐dependent way, and implementation of this hybridation in the OOPS framework is shown to have general positive impacts on the forecast quality. This 3D‐hybrid approach can also be extended to a 4D‐hybrid approach in the OOPS framework: this relies on a linear combination between 4D ensemble covariances on the one hand and 4D linearly propagated covariances on the other hand, corresponding to initial covariances that are evolved more explicitly by tangent linear and adjoint versions of the model. This provides a unifying framework for implementations of DA schemes that correspond to 4DEnVar, 4D‐Var, and new 4D‐hybrid formulations. This is thus considered as a novel way to combine the respective attractive features of 4D‐Var and 4DEnVar approaches, leading in particular to a new 4D‐hybrid formulation of 4DEnVar. Its properties and implementation in the OOPS framework are presented, and first experimental results show that this new formulation of 4DEnVar is competitive with 4D‐Var, in relation with the improved hybridisation.
Tropical convection in ERA5 has partly shifted from parameterized to resolved
Authors: Buschow Sebastian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn a recent study, Benestad and colleagues found that the distribution of global precipitation variability in ERA5 appears to have shifted towards smaller spatial scales over the course of the twentieth century. Using an alternative wavelet‐based analysis, we demonstrate that the trends are located almost entirely over the tropical oceans. The phenomenon can be explained by a remarkable shift from parameterized to explicitly resolved convection in this region. The slightly coarser resolved JRA‐55 reanalysis data set exhibits no such trend. A comparison with the conventional data‐only version JRA‐55C reveals that assimilated satellite data can introduce an additional trend in tropical precipitation amount, but does not, on its own, alter the characteristics of tropical precipitation in JRA‐55. An artificial dual‐diurnal cycle in ERA5 total precipitation and convective available potential energy (CAPE) leads us to the conclusion that the unexpected regime shift is induced primarily by changes in the observation system and not real‐world climate change.
Objective identification of tropical cyclone‐induced remote moisture transport using digraphs
Authors: Xiao Shiqi , Zhang Aoqi , Chen Yilun , Li Weibiao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTropical cyclone (TC)‐induced remote moisture transport is the fundamental cause of TC‐induced remote precipitation. However, despite increasing attention having been paid to TC‐induced remote moisture transport over the past few decades, a method for the objective identification of TC remote moisture transport remains lacking, which is crucial to understanding the complex rainfall mechanisms associated with TC‐induced remote moisture transport over recent decades. We set out to solve this issue in the present study by using a series of newly developed processing algorithms. Firstly, we identified vertically integrated water vapour transport (IVT) pathways using spatially smoothed moving window quantiles, and then used the maximum gradient method to segment IVT clusters from pathways. Relationship digraphs were constructed for IVT clusters to flexibly interpret the spatio‐temporal merging and splitting processes among them. Finally, TC clusters (TCCs) and TC remote clusters (TRCs) were identified in succession based on the TC tracks and diagraphs of IVT clusters. Applications of these processing algorithms showed that the TCCs and TRCs at the same time step can be identified successfully by applying our method. The generality of the objective identification method was validated using data covering four decades. Our algorithms revealed discontinuous and uneven moisture transport, especially those associated with TCs, which benefits studies of remote rainfall associated with TCs. Furthermore, it facilitates the construction of IVT pathway and cluster datasets covering the past several decades, which can be used for analysing related characteristics and thereby revealing possible physical mechanisms underlying the nature of TRCs.
Robust H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ continuous‐discrete hybrid impulsive dynamic output feedback control for delays descriptor Markovian jump systems with multidimensional impulsive operator
Authors: Zhu Qingyu , Zhuang Guangming , Xia Jianwei , Xie Xiangpeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the robust continuous‐discrete hybrid impulsive dynamic output feedback (DOF) control issue for time delays descriptor Markovian jump systems (TDDMJSs) with multidimensional impulsive operator. By applying an improved impulse‐time‐dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii (L‐K) functional, the novel stochastic admissibilization conditions are formulated as linear matrix inequalities. A desired hybrid impulsive DOF controller is achieved, which includes a continuous DOF controller and a discrete impulsive DOF controller. The stochastic admissibilization of the closed‐loop TDDMJSs can be satisfied by virtue of the desired hybrid impulsive DOF controller. In the end, the validity of the proposed hybrid impulsive DOF controller design method is demonstrated by two examples, including an oil catalytic cracking process.
Targeting necroptosis in fibrosis
Authors: Hassanein Emad H. M. , Ibrahim Islam M. , Abd El-Maksoud Mostafa S. , Abd El-Aziz Mostafa K. , Abd-alhameed Esraa K. , Althagafy Hanan S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNecroptosis, a type of programmed cell death that resembles necrosis, is now known to depend on a different molecular mechanism from apoptosis, according to several recent studies. Many efforts have reported the possible influence of necroptosis in human disorders and concluded the crucial role in the pathophysiology of various diseases, including liver diseases, renal injuries, cancers, and others. Fibrosis is the most common end-stage pathological cascade of several chronic inflammatory disorders. In this review, we explain the impact of necroptosis and fibrosis, for which necroptosis has been demonstrated to be a contributing factor. We also go over the inhibitors of necroptosis and how they have been applied to fibrosis models. This review helps to clarify the role of necroptosis in fibrosis and will encourage clinical efforts to target this pathway of programmed cell death.
Graphical abstract
On Husserl’s Twin Earth
Authors: Hirvonen Ilpo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn a 1911 research manuscript, Husserl puts forth an idea that resembles Putnam’s Twin Earth thought experiment presented in the 1970s. In this paper, I study Husserl’s “Twin Earth” passage and assess various readings of it to determine whether Husserl is better understood as an internalist or an externalist. I define internalism as the view that content depends solely on internal factors to the subject, whereas I distinguish between two versions of externalism: weak externalism, according to which content can also depend on other subjects’ conceptions, and strong externalism, which maintains that content can also depend on the real world. Only strong externalism maintains what McGinn calls “the philosophical significance of externalism” because it entails realism about the world. I argue that Husserl is better understood as an externalist when it comes to the “Twin Earth” passage, but the more precise question regarding weak and strong externalism requires further evidence. This additional evidence concerns Husserl’s concepts of the identity of sense (Sinnesidentität) and worldly meaning (weltlicher Sinn). In evaluating externalist Husserl interpretations, I classify Smith’s externalist interpretation as weak, whereas I take Crowell’s externalist interpretation to be ambivalent. Crowell’s excellent but somewhat embryonic interpretation leaves the dependence relation between content and the real world ambiguous. I clarify this relation by assessing McGinn’s argument for the philosophical significance of externalism from the Husserlian viewpoint. Although this study is historical, it also serves a systematic purpose because the externalist interpretation of Husserl calls into question central issues in phenomenology and externalism.