bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Image Processing in Post-Stack Seismic Data to Delineated Structural Geological Features
Authors: Aqrawi A. A. , Aqrawi A. A. 
Published: October 2023

Seismic attribute calculations have been traditionally used for measuring specific traits in seismic data for further interpretation (Chopra and Marfurt 2007). These calculations tend to have a fixed operator or window size from one sample to the other during the computation. They also tend to focus on single measurements and rely heavily on user input for parameterization. This tends to make it hard to reproduce results between users or even understand the certain choices made by various experts as they do their measurements and calculations on the seismic data. This can also be very limiting given the varied nature of the seismic signal and aspects such as seismic attenuation. One will tend to easily over sample or under sample at any given state in the seismic data as the signal changes, ultimately yielding results that need to be tweaked repetitively to get the perfect fit for the given depth/time the features of interest are in. We have looked at how we can calculate signal decomposition features for typical fluvial system detection in an adaptive fashion to overcome some of these challenges (Aqrawi and Aqrawi 2014).
In the past few decades, the concept of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to develop Machine Learning (ML) models to solve challenging issues in the various industrial sectors and in academia has skyrocketed, and for a good reason as well. As time has gone on, it has become clear that the "fourth industrial revolution" is the digital transformation, which is characterized by the convergence of technologies like robotics, artificial intelligence, and autonomous vehicles that blur the lines between the physical, digital, and biological realms (Sircar, et al. 2021) (See Figure 1, which represents the various fields of AI and ML).
Machine learning, which is a subset of AI, is defined as a computing paradigm in which the ability to solve the presented problem is developed by referring to similar prior cases called training examples. It reasons the problem by "learning" from the training examples. There are several tasks to which we can apply ML methods to. These include:
Systematic Modelling and Laboratory Testing to Allow the Potential for Economic Inorganic Scale Control in the Brazilian Pre-Salt Fields
Authors: Littlehales Ian , Simões Neto Saul , Dias Neto Jose Mateus , Lee Ji-young , Ko Saebom , Mendes Marcello , Graham Gordon , Dyer Sarah , Peat Stephnie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pre-salt oil fields such as those produced in the Offshore market in Brazil, offer a unique set of challenges related to the control of inorganic scale deposits. Scale deposition has the potential to negatively impact production rates and profitability of the operations.
Often laboratory testing studies examine the performance of scale inhibitors using so called industry standard techniques like the Dynamic Scale Loop (DSL) but can sometimes be conducted under unrealistic scaling conditions considered by the operators or laboratory scientist to be "worst case". This however can severely limit the number of products that can be successfully qualified for application in the field and lead to recommendations of very high dose rates, which may not be achievable as water cuts increase. To successfully test chemicals in the laboratory prior to field application, the conditions of the tests must closely represent the field. This includes the brine chemistry of the well, the CO2 concentration and pH of the fluids.
This paper will detail the results of a new modelling and laboratory study which shows an extremely severe scaling regime that could be expected under the pre-assigned worst case field conditions leading to the failure of chemicals to economically prevent scale. However, when all parameters are considered, laboratory conditions were optimized to represent field conditions more closely, resulting in a more representative (milder) in-situ scaling regime such that chemical performance was significantly improved.
Ultimately when the laboratory conditions were tuned to the newly modelled in-situ field conditions, there was a significant reduction in the minimum effective dose (MED) determined in the lab for all conditions, offering the potential for effective treatments to be achieved even at increased water cuts.
This work shows that only focusing on one system parameter like maximum field pH results in an overly severe testing regime, limiting the number of products available to the Operating Company. The "worst case" approach also results in the dose rates of those chemicals which are selected being unrealistically high for field application at high water cuts. When more representative in-situ conditions are modelled and then utilised in the laboratory, a wide range of scale inhibitor chemistries would potentially be available for field applications allowing the operator to realize significant OPEX savings. The paper also highlights how careful modelling and optimisation of test conditions is a critical aspect associated with scale inhibitor qualification and highlights the best practice approach to selecting and optimising test conditions in the laboratory to ensure they remain representative of the field conditions.
FPSO Compressed Air System Optimization
Authors: Costa Fernando Homem 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Offshore facilities typically use compressed air to operate their instrumentation, control valves, and auxiliary services, mainly in classified areas. Depending on the characteristics of the offshore facility, compressed air can even participate in the industrial process. To meet this demand for compressed air, offshore facilities use a specific system to generate the required compressed air reliably. Generally, the systems that generate compressed air are made up of motorized air compressors, filters, air dryers, and tanks for storage. Considering an FPSO (Floating, Production, Storage, and Offloading), the compressed air system supplies air to the plant and ship for instrumentation and service, and several other moto compressors feed air accumulators to start up diesel motors mainly for emergency electric generators and firefighting pumps. This paper presents a proposal for FPSOs using compressed air in a gas turbine to feed all the systems that require compressed air. This feed is carried out through the bleeding part of the compressed air in the gas turbine compressor before it enters the combustor of the gas turbine to supply the compressed air systems. The supply is made through piping, valves, and heat exchangers designed to connect the gas turbine compressor to the FPSO air compressor systems. Besides increasing the compressed air system efficiency and reliability, a reduction in moto compressors is also expected.
Program MBKM: Meningkatkan Soft Skills Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi
Authors: Rahman Novita , Erwing Erwing , Adiansyah Romi , Amin Astuti Muh. 
Published: October 2023

Independent campus is the Merdeka Learning Campus Merdeka (MBKM) program organized by the Ministry of Education and Culture. This study aims to determine whether through MBKM the soft-skills of biology education study program students have increased. this research is a type of quantitative descriptive research. data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires distributed to biology education study program students who take part in the MBKM program. The results showed that the existence of MBKM activities had a good impact on improving the hard-skills and soft-skills of students, which could be seen from a number of respondents' answers, namely: 1) the ability to follow the MBKM program online; 2) the ability to adapt to new friends; 3) the ability to discuss, collaborate, provide advice in teams/groups; 4) the ability to use technological media; 5) the ability to analyze problems and solve problems in teams/groups; 6) the ability to make decisions with consideration of comparing opinions with one another; 7) the ability to follow the rules in MBKM activities as an attitude to improve learning discipline, besides that the improvement of hard-skills and soft-skills through the MBKM program can be seen in the Student Report obtained after the MBKM program is completed which lists the competency scores of hard-skills and soft-skills. Keywords: Biology Education Study Program Students, Merdeka Learning Merdeka Campus (MBKM), Soft Skills
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Script terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Istiqamahigobula
Authors: Ummah Marwatul , Tabaika Rosita , Karmila Fitriyah 
Published: October 2023

Education plays an important role in building a country. The better the education in a country, the more developed the country will be. This is because good education will create good Human Resources (HR), and good Human Resources (HR) will certainly be more optimal in developing and advancing the country. Regarding the importance of education for a citizen in an effort to realize a virtuous nation's civilization, the Indonesian government provides a concrete formulation of national education goals. The learning outcomes are not only in the form of mastery of knowledge, but also skills and skills in seeing, analyzing and solving problems, making plans and making distributions. work, thus the activities and products resulting from these learning activities get an assessment. Assessment is not only done in writing, but also orally and performance appraisal. This study aims to analyze the effect of the cooperative script learning model on student learning outcomes at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Istiqamah Igobula.The type of research used in this study was quasi-experimental The design used in this study was the Two group pretest-posttest design. In this design, two groups were selected, then given a pretest to find out early whether there were differences between the experimental groups. and control group. The experimental group is the group that is treated with the Cooperative Script learning model and the control group is the group that is not treated with the conventional learning model. The results of student activities during the learning process are quite good, as well as the activities of a researcher who is observed by the teacher in question is in accordance with the lesson plan that has been set. Based on the results of the analysis carried out with the t test, the t value obtained = 1.733 at a significant level of 0.05 which states that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. This means that there is a significant influence between the influence of the Cooperative Script learning model on the learning outcomes of students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Istiqamah Igobula. Keywords: Cooperative script learning ourcome
Pengaruh Bahan Pencemar (Deterjen) Terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: J. Pelu Nurfina , Tabaika Rosita , Umagap Wirda Az 
Published: October 2023

Detergent is a clothing cleanser that contains surfactants. Surfactants are active substances that are in the composition of detergents and are able to remove dirt on clothes. The effect of excessive use of detergents can damage the gills of fish, causing the survival of fish contained in water bodies cannot survive. If the water is polluted by high enough detergent, it can cause the tilapia icon to not be able to adapt until it finally collapses and dies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pollutant (detergent) on the survival of tilapia and the concentration of the detergent that had the most effect and at what time the tilapia was lethal. The method in this study is a laboratory experiment. This research was conducted in the MIPA laboratory at IAIN Ternate with a room temperature of 29◦C, which was designed for 2 repetitions. The sample of tilapia used was 40 fish with a length of 9-10cm totaling 20 fish in 2 replications. Quantitative data analysis using the Survival Rate (SR) formula or survival. The results of the study found that higher levels of detergent could cause tilapia to be unable to survive more than four days because tilapia were only able to adapt to the lowest detergent concentration range. Tilapia will die if they are not able to adapt to the presence of detergent doses in water bodies and decreased dissolved oxygen.Keywords: Pollution Materials (Detergent), Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Survival.
Etnobotani: Pengetahuan Masyarakat Desa Tabangame dalam Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat
Authors: Sahil Isran , Juniartin Juniartin 
Published: October 2023

Traditional knowledge of rural communities about medicinal plants should be documented by academics ar researchers and even local people as a legend from their ancestors that should be protected and preserved. The method used in this study is using descriptive qualitative method, data collection techniques through free interviews purposive sampling technique. Respondents in this study consisted of village heads who represented the community and had knowledge of medicinal plants, a healer as a person who often treated sick people and one patient who shared his experiences when using medicinal plants to treat his illness. The research method above can be explained as follows: (1) Interviews were conducted with the people of Tabangame Village to find out the types of plants, their processing and use as traditional medicine, (2) The local name, its characteristics, the parts used, how to use it and how it is used are recorded, (3) Documentation of each plant used by the community as a treatment. There are four types of plants used for traditional medicine, namely jatropha or balacai (Jatropha curcas L) can treat shortness of breath, poison and internal medicine, betel nut or siri (Piper betle) can treat hives , Matoa or motoa (Pometia Pinnata) can treat ulcers and itching and cashew or yakis fruit (Anacardium occidentale) can treat cough. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Tabangame Village, Tradisional Knowledge
A INFLUÊNCIA DA SORÇÃO E SOLUBILIDADE NAS PROPRIEDADES DOS COMPÓSITOS RESINOSOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Narrely Santos ALVES Layla , GADELHA VASCONCELOS Marcelo , VASCONCELOS RODRIGO GADELHA 
Published: October 2023

Introdução: A resina composta tem sido amplamente utilizada por suas propriedades restauradoras. No entanto, quando exposta à água, o material resinoso sofre diferentes mecanismos químicos e físicos, como a sorção de água e solubilidade. Esses efeitos podem produzir alterações volumétricas e mudanças físicas, alterando as características do material. Objetivo: discorrer acerca das consequências clínicas dos fenômenos de sorção e solubilidade na resina composta. Materiais e Métodos: uma revisão da literatura foi realizada por meio de artigos científicos publicados nos últimos anos presentes em bases de dados eletrônicos, como PubMED/Medline, Lilacs e Scielo. Resultados e Discussão: Os compósitos de resina não são estáveis, pois interagem constantemente com o ambiente oral. Sua principal interação é com água, que se difunde na matriz. As resinas compostas que contêm, além do BIS-GMA, uma alta concentração de TEGDMA, tendem a absorver mais água devido às ligações éter hidrofílicas presentes nesses compósitos. Com isso, uma série de efeitos deletérios podem ocorrer. Conclusão: A expansão volumétrica, lixiviação, degradação hidrolítica e instabilidade da cor são as principais consequências da sorção e solubilidade da resina composta. Esses fenômenos provocam alterações dimensionais e diminuição das propriedades mecânicas repercutindo, sobremaneira, na longevidade das restaurações em resina composta.
Concordância entre medida de comprimento de trabalho por radiografia e localizador foraminal na dentição decídua: revisão integrativa
Authors: Beatriz Pires Sampaio  , Taiomara Vieira Mania  , SOUZA NERY SILVA IANE 
Published: October 2023

Introdução: O estabelecimento do comprimento de trabalho (CT) é uma etapa fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico, principalmente na dentição decídua. O exame radiográfico é um dos principais meios de definir o CT. A mensuração desse comprimento também pode ser obtida por meio de dispositivos eletrônicos. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura acerca da concordância entre a medida de CT por radiografia e localizadores foraminais (LF) na dentição decídua. Metodologia: A busca bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane Library e BVS, seguindo uma estratégia de combinação de palavras-chave, filtrando apenas pesquisas clínicas. A seleção dos artigos foi realizada em duas etapas: através da leitura dos títulos e resumos e, em seguida, por meio da obtenção e leitura dos artigos completos selecionados. Resultados: sete artigos foram selecionados, publicados entre 2011 e 2020. Todos foram analisados quanto à qualidade metodológica e à caracterização como tamanho da amostra, objetivo, metodologia, resultados e conclusão. Todos possuíam os dados necessários para contemplar o objetivo dessa pesquisa. O uso dos LF mostrou-se tão preciso quanto o método radiográfico (n=6), e em um estudo, o método eletrônico foi superior ao radiográfico para determinação do CT. Conclusão: O método eletrônico possui eficácia na determinação do CT durante o tratamento endodôntico de dentes decíduos sendo comparável ao radiográfico.
DESMITIFICANDO A HALITOSE
Authors: Mói Ana Beatriz , Silveira Elcia Maria Varize , Rovaris Priscila , Paula Bruna Luísa de 
Published: October 2023

A halitose apresenta um impacto social negativo e provoca desconforto aos indivíduos, de tal maneira a afetar a qualidade de vida e a autoconfiança, sendo, por isso, um dos principais motivos de procura a atendimento odontológico. Na maior parte dos casos, sua etiologia tem origem intrabucal, principalmente em decorrência do metabolismo microbiano no dorso lingual e das doenças periodontais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a realização de uma revisão de literatura sobre halitose, abrangendo informações relacionadas à sua etiopatogenia, ao seu diagnóstico e ao seu tratamento. A coleta de dados foi feita nas bases de dados virtuais PubMed, Scielo e Google Acadêmico, com a busca das palavras-chave: “halitose”, “etiologia”, “saburra lingual”, “língua” e “doenças periodontais”, utilizando publicações em língua portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola, sem limite definido de ano de publicação. Foram utilizados 84 artigos, publicados entre os anos 1939 e 2021, levantando informações relevantes para a construção do texto. A halitose é resultado da degradação de substratos proteicos pelos microrganismos da cavidade bucal. Como produto dessa degradação são formados os compostos sulfurados voláteis, grupo de componentes químicos responsável pela halitose. As doenças periodontais possuem forte relação com a ocorrência da halitose, e é sabido que a intensidade do odor é diretamente proporcional à severidade da doença e que os portadores de doenças periodontais possuem maior quantidade de saburra lingual se comparados aos indivíduos periodontalmente saudáveis. O terço posterior do dorso da língua pode ser considerado a principal fonte da halitose, devido à sua anatomia, que apresenta superfície irregular, fissuras e papilas capazes de reter substratos. Anteriormente à busca de um profissional para diagnosticar e tratar a halitose, é possível que o paciente tenha procurado um profissional baseado na percepção de pessoas do seu convívio ou, até mesmo pela autoavaliação do hálito. O tratamento da halitose varia de acordo com a necessidade e com o diagnóstico relacionado à origem do mau hálito; no entanto, para todos os pacientes devem ser feitos esclarecimentos específicos e orientação de higiene bucal individualizada para cada caso.
RELATO DE CASO: ESCLEROSE TUBEROSA DIAGNOSTICADA NA INFÂNCIA.
Authors: Fasolo Laura , Do Rocio Valenga Baroni Eloina , Esperidião Ramos Cristine , Benassi Gabriela 
Published: October 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A esclerose tuberosa é uma doença autossômica dominante, rara, multissistêmica e de apresentação variável. É possível o acometimento do sistema renal, cardíaco, nervoso e dermatológico, manifestos em 90% dos pacientes. O diagnóstico é realizado através de critérios clínicos, contudo, exames genéticos podem ser solicitados. RELATO DE CASO: O caso relatado é de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 13 anos, diagnosticada, há 10 anos, com esclerose tuberosa, manifesta manchas hipocrômicas de distribuição difusa e lesões ungueais em mãos e pés. Além disso, paciente refere início recente de lesões hipercrômicas em face acompanhadas de prurido e hematomas. CONCLUSÃO: Faz-se necessário a identificação precoce da esclerose tuberosa, em vista de minimizar as repercussões multissistêmicas na vida do paciente.
Palavra-chave: Dermatopatias, Esclerose Tuberosa, Dermatologia.
THE RATE OF ASYMPTOMATIC THROAT CARRIAGE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF QUEEN ARWA UNIVERSITY IN SANA’A CITY, YEMEN
Authors: Al-Aomary Nasser Mohammad , Edrees Wadhah Hassan , Al-Ofairi Bashir Ahmed , Alrahabi Lutf Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

The throat carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes could play a crucial role in the transmission of infection to households and community settings. In Yemen, there is no information about S. pyogenes throat carriage among university students. This study aimed to find out the rate of asymptomatic throat carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes and its associated risk factors among medical students at Queen Arwa University in Sana’a City, Yemen. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Queen Arwa, between December 2022 and April 2023. A total of 300 throat swabs were randomly collected from medical university students. Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated and identified using standard bacteriological procedures. Additionally, the required data were obtained by using the designed questionnaire. Out of 300 specimens, 5 (1.7%) were positive for S. pyogenes throat carriage. The high rate of S. pyogenes was among females (2%), the age group of 25–30 years (8.3%), dental students (3.9%), and those who studied at the third level (3.7%). Additionally, the high rate of carriage was among those whose fathers’ were in the trading field (3.7%) and whose mothers were housewives (2%), whose fathers and mothers held a university certificate (2.9%) and primary school (6.5%), respectively, with a low income (12.5%), none of their families have a sore throat (2.1%), or a history of hospitalization (3.2%). There was a relatively low rate of S. pyogenes throat carriage in healthy medical students compared with international investigations. Standard precautions such as adequate hand and respiratory hygiene and avoiding overcrowded settings are used to prevent and control the transmission of GAS infections.
دراسة تصنيفية لجنس الهليوتروبيوم HELIOTROPIUM L. من الفصيلة البوراجينية BORAGINACEAE في مديريتي تبن والمسيمير، محافظة لحج، الجمهورية اليمنية
Authors: Atif Mazen Alawi Ali Salim , Al-Hawshabi Othman Saad Saeed 
Published: October 2023

تناولت الدراسة الحالية جنس الهليوتروبيوم Heliotropium في مديريتي تبن والمسيمير، محافظة لحج، اليمن، خلال الفترة من أغسطس 2020 حتى مارس 2023م، أسفرت الدراسة عن تواجد 7 أنواع نباتية وهي: H. bacciferum، H. europaeum، H. longiflorum var. longiflorum، H. ovalifolium، H. pterocarpum، H. ramosissimum و H. strigosum. اثبتت الدراسة ان الـ Heliotropium longiflorum var. longiflorum متوطن في الجزيرة العربية (اليمن والمملكة العربية السعودية)، كما اثبتت الدراسة ان الصفات المورفولوجية والتكاثرية ذات قيمة عالية في التعريف والتصنيف على مستوى الانواع، حيث لوحظ أن طول النورة والثميرة من حيث كونها مجنحة او غير ذلك وعدد الثميرات (ثنائية أو رباعية) ووجود الزغب أو عدم وجوده تعد صفات ذات قيمة عالية في التعريف والتصنيف لأنواع جنس الهليوتروبيوم Heliotropium.