bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aligning Medications With What Matters Most: Conversations Between Pharmacists, People With Dementia, and Care Partners
Authors: Green Ariel R. , Rosado Rosalphie Quiles , Daddato Andrea E. , Wec Aleks , Gleason Kathy , McPhail Tobie Taylor , Merrey Jessica , Weffald Linda , Swarthout Meghan , Feeser Scott , Boyd Cynthia M. , Wolff Jennifer L. , Blinka Marcela D. , Bayliss Elizabeth A. , Boxer Rebecca S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionSuccessful deprescribing for people with dementia (PWD) depends on communication about medication‐related priorities between PWD, care partners and clinicians. The objective of this study was to gain in‐depth knowledge of how elicitation of PWD and care partner medication‐related priorities during a deprescribing intervention shaped discussions with pharmacists about medications.MethodsQualitative analysis of audio‐recorded interactions between pharmacists and patient‐care partner dyads in a pilot study of a pharmacist‐led deprescribing intervention for PWD in primary care. Patients ≥ 65 years taking ≥ 7 medications and care partners were recruited from an integrated delivery system in Colorado and a community‐based medical practice in Maryland. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze 82 transcripts from encounters with 55 patient‐care partner dyads.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of PWD was 81 (8.1) years; 45% were women, 33% Black, and 15% Hispanic. PWD took an average of 13 (±5.3) medications at baseline. Care partners were on average 66 (13) years of age and most were spouses/partners of the PWD. Content analysis identified five themes: (1) Reducing medication‐related treatment burden; (2) Alleviating burdensome symptoms; (3) Maintaining cognition and function; (4) Discussion of tradeoffs; (5) Challenges to deprescribing. After eliciting patient and care partner priorities, pharmacists recommended both deprescribing and prescribing.ConclusionFindings from this secondary analysis of a pilot deprescribing intervention suggest eliciting medication‐related priorities of PWD and care partners can support goal‐concordant care. These results can inform development of interventions to optimize medications for this population.
Navigating an Uninformative Genomic Test Result: A Practical Guide
Authors: St Clair Laura , Wong Claire , Elliot Christopher , Jones Kristi J. , Shah Margit , Josephi‐Taylor Sarah , Sandaradura Sarah , Adès Lesley , Smith Janine , Sachdev Rani , Ma Alan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough genomic testing is increasingly standard of care for diagnosing children and adults with genetic conditions, over 50% of genomic testing will return an uninformative result.AimTo provide a practical guide for paediatricians on how to approach an uninformative genomic test result, and the pathways which may be available to uncover a genetic diagnosis for their patients.MethodsInput from multiple genetics healthcare professionals including genetic counsellors, the literature, and a general paediatrician were used to construct this guide. We also provide a hypothetical case vignette, to further demonstrate the various options for a patient after receiving an uninformative result.ResultsThere are several reasons why an underlying genetic diagnosis may not be diagnosed with current testing, including incomplete phenotyping, a different underlying genetic mechanism requiring specialised testing, and limitations in knowledge at the time of the test.ConclusionUninformative results are very common, and it is important to understand these results in the context of the limitations of genomic testing. General paediatricians play an important role in supporting families through their diagnostic odyssey, as well as reassessing the phenotype, referring for sub‐specialty inputs, and discussion with local genetics services for consideration of alternative testing options or enrolment into research pathways.
Thermoregulatory Response, Growth Performance and Organ Weights of FUNAAB‐Alpha Chicken Genotypes Administered Sweet Citrus Peel Powder
Authors: Majekodunmi Bukola Christiana , Wheto Mathew , Oke Oyegunle Emmanuel , Akinjute Obafemi Foluso , Ojoawo Henry Temitope , Chika Chinedu Ruth , Adekunle Oluwatobiloba Motunrayo , Adeyeri Yusuf Oluwatobiloba , Abioja Monsuru Oladimeji 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThermoregulatory response and growth performance of FUNAAB‐Alpha chickens administered sweet citrus peel powder (SCPP) were investigated in a twelve weeks experiment. A total of 360 1‐day‐old FUNAAB Alpha chicks were used for the study, comprising 120 birds per genotype: Normal feather (NF), Naked neck (NN) and Frizzle feather (FF). Birds were randomly allotted into 12 treatment groups: NF: 0 g, 3 g, 6 g and 9 g of SCPP, NN: 0 g, 3 g, 6 g and 9 g of SCPP, FF: 0 g, 3 g, 6 g and 9 g of SCPP. Each treatment was replicated thrice with 10 birds per replicate. No (p > 0.05) interactive and main effect of genotype and dosage of SCPP was observed on the Rectal temperature, Skin temperatures under wing and of the breast among the treatments. Similar (p > 0.05) interactive effect was observed on the respiratory rate (RR), however, higher (p < 0.001) RR was recorded in NN and FF compared with NF. Birds in the control group had the highest (p < 0.005) RR compared with birds administered 3 g and 9 g of SCPP/L of water. Interaction and main effect of SCPP dosage on heterophil (H), lymphocyte (L) and heterophil lymphocyte ratio (H/L) were not significant (p > 0.05) across the treatment groups. However, genotype significantly (p < 0.000) influenced H, L and H/L. The FF and NN had significantly (p < 0.000) lower H/L compared with the NF. Higher (p < 0.000) weight gain (WG) was observed in FF and NN compared to NF chickens. Significantly (p < 0.020) lower FCR was observed in 6 g/L (2.26), 3 g/L (2.65) and 9 g/L (2.66) of FF compared with NF on 9 g/L (4.03). Dosage of SCPP significantly (p < 0.001) influenced the relative weights of the intestine. In conclusion, lower H/L, higher WG and better FCR were observed in the NN and FF genotypes with the best FCR recorded at 6 g SCPP/L of water.
Essential Oil of Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Enhances Growth and Immunity in Cold‐Stressed Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus)
Authors: Shehata Akram Ismael , Shahin Shimaa A. , Taha Sara Ahmed , Elmaghraby Ayaat M. , Alhoshy Mayada , Soliman Ali A. , Amer Asem A. , Hendy Amany M. , Gewaily Mahmoud S. , Teiba Islam I. , El Basuini Mohammed F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBay laurel (Laurus nobilis) essential oil is known for its antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study examined the effects of L. nobilis oil (LN) on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under cold stress conditions (16°C). Tilapia (initial weight, 5.02 ± 0.02 g) were acclimatized to 16°C for 14 days before being fed diets containing 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 g/kg LN oil for 84 days. The 1.5 g/kg LN oil group exhibited the highest final body weight and weight gain (p ≤ 0.05), while survival rates peaked at 1 g/kg. Biometric indices and feed efficiency were significantly enhanced, particularly at 1.5 g/kg (p ≤ 0.05). Histological analysis revealed improved intestinal and hepatic structures in LN‐supplemented groups, although mild alterations were observed at 2.0 and 2.5 g/kg. Blood biochemical analysis showed increased total protein and reduced cholesterol in supplemented groups. Immune responses, including serum lysozyme activity and bacterial inhibition, were significantly enhanced at 1.5 g/kg or higher (p ≤ 0.05). Antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), increased (p ≤ 0.05) with LN oil supplementation, while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased, indicating reduced oxidative stress. Gene expression analysis demonstrated increased insulin‐like growth factor 1 and glucose transporter 4 levels with 1.5 g/kg LN oil, and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha expression decreased at higher dosages. Dietary LN oil, particularly at 1.5 g/kg, enhances growth, immunity, and antioxidant defense in Nile tilapia under cold stress. Future studies should optimize dosages and explore broader applications across species and conditions.
FGF21 Analogues in Patients With Metabolic Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Theofilis Panagiotis , Oikonomou Evangelos , Karakasis Paschalis , Pamporis Konstantinos , Dimitriadis Kyriakos , Kokkou Eleni , Lambadiari Vaia , Siasos Gerasimos , Tsioufis Konstantinos , Tousoulis Dimitris 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsLiver‐related complications are frequent in patients with metabolic diseases, with limited treatment options currently available. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess the effect of fibroblast growth factor‐21 (FGF21) analogues on hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in patients with metabolic diseases.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of FGF21 analogues on hepatic steatosis evaluated by hepatic fat fraction (HFF), inflammation and fibrosis compared to placebo. Adverse events (AEs) were also recorded.ResultsTreatment with FGF21 analogues was associated with metabolic‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) resolution without fibrosis worsening (5 studies, risk ratio [RR] 4.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.41, 8.03, p < 0.001) and fibrosis improvement by 1 grade without MASH worsening (6 studies, RR 1.79, 95% CI: 1.24, 2.59, p = 0.002). FGF21 analogues significantly lowered HFF compared to placebo (6 studies, SMD ‐1.08, 95% CI: −1.28, −0.88, p < 0.001), while patients receiving FGF21 analogues were more likely to exhibit a reduction in HFF by 30% (10 studies, RR 4.08, 95% CI: 3.08, 5.40, p < 0.001) or 50% (6 studies, RR 10.43, 95% CI: 5.47, 19.87, p < 0.001). HFF normalisation (≤ 5%) was more frequently achieved with FGF21 analogues (6 studies, RR 14.58, 95% CI: 4.70, 45.18, p < 0.001). The results remained robust after sensitivity analyses. Serious AE and AE leading to drug discontinuation were similar in patients receiving FGF21 analogues or placebo.ConclusionsFGF21 analogues can reduce hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in patients with metabolic diseases, representing a possible treatment option for steatotic liver disease.
A Comprehensive Review of Antinutrients in Plant‐Based Foods and Their Key Ingredients
Authors: Yılmaz Tuncel Neşe , Polat Kaya Havva , Andaç Ali Emre , Korkmaz Fatma , Tuncel Necati Barış 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn recent years, the growing popularity of vegan and vegetarian diets, along with the rising demand for plant‐based foods, has led researchers to concentrate on examining the presence and effects of antinutrients. While there are existing literature reviews focusing on antinutritional compounds, particularly on their reduction, this review aims to provide a comprehensive description of antinutrients for producers, food scientists, professionals, legislators and consumers, emphasising the complexity of the subject and the necessity for diverse approaches while identifying aspects that still require further research. Antinutrients, including protease inhibitors, amylase inhibitors, phytic acid, lectins, saponins, tannins, cyanogenic glycosides, oxalic acid, polyphenols, goitrogens and pyrimidine glycosides, are described, encompassing various aspects such as their structural characteristics, analytical detection methods, distribution, physiological impacts and strategies for mitigation or elimination. Specifically, our review concentrates on assessing the presence of antinutrients in plant‐based food products and the primary ingredients, categorised into five distinct groups, cereals, pseudocereals, pulses, seeds and nuts, which are commonly used in their production. Among these categories, legumes are identified as the richest source of anti‐nutritional compounds, followed by cereal grains. However, certain pseudocereals, seeds and nuts also demonstrate high levels of specific antinutrients. While antinutrients are generally regarded as harmful to nutrient absorption, recent studies have revealed some potential health benefits associated with them. Therefore, further in vivo research is essential to elucidate the behaviour of antinutritional compounds within the human body. Additionally, there is a significant lack of formal regulations and guidelines regarding antinutrients, and food products currently do not feature labelling related to these compounds.
The Performative Power of Digital Nursing Platforms: Norms, Values and Identities in Alternative Work Realities
Authors: Dingelstad Justien , Grommé Francisca , Wallenburg Iris 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFeminised sectors such as healthcare are underrepresented in labour platform research. This study focuses on emerging platforms for licensed nurses and combines a multimodal analysis of the promotional materials of 12 Dutch nursing platforms with interviews with platform directors and representatives. Our analysis shows how nursing platforms construct ‘alternative work realities’ that include features of seamless integration of work and private life, individualism, quantifiable professionalism and a predictable workforce. We demonstrate how interplays of modes, such as text, layout and interaction options, make the alternatives experiential and relatable for both nurses and care organisations, granting them performative power. By making alternative work settings relatable and accessible, nursing platforms introduce novel norms, values and identities to nursing work, thereby engaging in governance of work. This enables nurses to renegotiate traditional norms of self‐sacrifice and altruism, yet it simultaneously normalises new forms of unpaid work and social and economic risks.
Does Less Education Harm Health? Evidence From a Natural Experiment in a Developing Country
Authors: Khalil Islam , Mallick Debdulal , Nicholas Aaron 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe investigate the health outcome effects of a reduction in years of schooling in Egypt in 1988, a policy change that moves in the opposite direction in relation to the extant literature. We exploit this policy change as a natural experiment and employ a fuzzy regression discontinuity design to investigate a range of objectively measured health outcomes and behaviours. Despite the policy's adverse effect on students' years of schooling and ability to complete educational milestones, there is no statistical effect on any health outcomes. Results also suggest that the reduction in years of schooling had no effect on labour market outcomes, thus providing a rationale for the lack of effect on health outcomes. While increasing education often leads to improved health outcomes, our findings suggest that decreasing education does not necessarily result in poorer health outcomes.
Evaluation of External Apical Root Resorption and the Relevance of Intermediate Radiography in Non‐Extraction Treatment With Fixed Appliances for Adolescents With Crowding: A Multicenter Randomised Controlled Trial Using CBCT
Authors: Johansson Kristina , Christell Helena , Brechter Anna , Paulsson Liselotte 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe objectives are to assess the severity and frequency of clinically relevant external apical root resorption (EARR) ≥ 2 mm during orthodontic treatment with Damon passive self‐ligating and Victory conventional standardised fixed appliance systems and to evaluate the relevance of intermediate radiographic examinations for early detection and prevention of severe EARR.Materials and MethodsAdolescents aged 12–17 years with crowded and displaced teeth planned for non‐extraction treatment were recruited from three orthodontic clinics. Participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to treatment with either Damon Q (n = 35) or Victory (n = 40) using stratified blocks, with allocation concealed. EARR was assessed for all roots from incisors to molars using multiplanar reconstruction in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired from various CBCT machines before, during and after treatment.ResultsSixty‐two patients were included in the EARR analysis. The upper incisors were the most affected tooth group, with mean EARR values of 0.20 mm for Damon and 0.51 mm for Victory (NS, alpha 1%). The frequency of clinically relevant EARR in this tooth group was 5.0% for Damon and 7.2% for Victory (NS, alpha 5%). Only one case with clinically relevant EARR after treatment was identified in the intermediate radiographic examinations.ConclusionsThe overall severity and frequency of EARR were below clinically relevant levels in both treatment groups. The results strengthen the evidence that routine intermediate radiography appears to be of limited relevance for early detection and prevention of severe EARR in non‐extraction treatments for adolescents with crowded teeth.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05664282
The role of the epithelium in intraocular lens and corneal power calculation
Authors: Wendelstein Jascha A. , Atchison David A. , Gatinel Damien , Cooke David L. , Langenbucher Achim 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the influence of the corneal epithelium on corneal power, particularly in special cases such as post‐refractive surgery and keratoconus.MethodsA retrospective observational study. Measurement data were obtained from a high‐resolution anterior segment analyser (CSO MS‐39). Corneal curvature and power data, as well as surface height data, were organised in a cylindrical coordinate system. Calculations considered one, two and three refractive surfaces, examining the role of epithelial thickness and stromal curvature.ResultsThe effect of the epithelium on corneal power was minimal (<0.1 D) in normal corneas, but it was considerable in keratoconus and post‐refractive surgery cases, with differences up to 0.9 D. The effect decreased for larger measurement zones.ConclusionIncorporating epithelial thickness and stromal curvature into corneal power calculations is a crucial next step in accurate corneal power and intraocular lens calculation in eyes with previous refractive surgery or keratoconus. This study highlights the need for advanced diagnostic and calculation methods in complex cases.
The Fundamental Wrong of Colonialism
Authors: Agrawal Ritwik , Buchanan Allen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe offer an account of the nature and structure of the immorality of colonialism. We distinguish between the fundamental wrong of colonialism and the other wrongs that the fundamental wrong facilitated. On our view, the fundamental wrong was that colonizers regarded the colonized as incapable of managing their own affairs, in effect relegating them to the status of minors or mentally incompetent adults. We call this the nonautonomy assumption. It could also be called the inferior status assumption, for reasons that will become clear as we proceed. We argue that, in addition to the nonautonomy assumption, the most serious wrongs of colonialism were severe economic injustices and practices of humiliation, and that these wrongs can reasonably be seen to be facilitated by or grounded in the fundamental wrong. We make the case that our analysis has two virtues: it provides a more comprehensive characterization of the wrongs of colonialism and the relationships between them than extant philosophical accounts and it helps make sense of the concepts of neocolonialism and internal colonialism, which extant accounts are unable to do. This has the added advantage of bringing discussions that have hitherto taken place in fields such as political theory, postcolonial studies, history, and critical theory into the ambit of analysis by political philosophers, using tools and concepts that philosophers have at their command, such as the notions of autonomy and inferior status. After developing our own view, we offer a critical appraisal of three prominent recent attempts to identify “the wrong” of colonialism, the views of Anna Stilz, Massimo Renzo, and Lea Ypi. We argue that by focusing on defects of the political structure of colonialism such as the deprivation of collective self‐determination, these accounts do not clearly identify the fundamental wrong of colonialism and either completely ignore or pay insufficient attention to severe economic injustices and practices of humiliation; and that they also render the notions of neocolonialism and internal colonialism unintelligible. While acknowledging that the nonautonomy assumption encouraged colonialists to deprive the colonized of collective self‐determination and recognizing that this was a serious wrong, we deny that the deprivation of collective self‐determination was the fundamental wrong of colonialism, as the denial of autonomy is more basic than the denial of political self‐management. The analysis we offer makes it clear that colonialism is not a topic of merely historical interest. The most serious wrongs suffered by colonized people did not end with decolonization, that is, the achievement of independent statehood. The fundamental wrong of colonialism was grounded in inequalities of power that persist today and that continue to contribute to economic injustices and to the failure to regard the weaker as equals, in a variety of contexts, including, but not limited to the case of formerly colonized peoples.
Leveraging Phenotypic Plasticity in Seed Oil Content for Climate‐Adapted Breeding and Production
Authors: Zeng Lingju , Han Xu , Gou Xiangjian , Pei He , Shao Yang , Cao Yilan , Zhang Zhenwei , Li Xianran , Yu Jianming , Yan Jianbing , Guo Liang , Guo Tingting 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPhenotypic plasticity is the property of an organism to change in response to different environments. Understanding and leveraging crop phenotypic plasticity is crucial for mitigating threats caused by climate change. Here, we assessed phenotypic plasticity in multi‐environment trials over 4 years, using 505 inbred lines from a Brassica napus genetic diversity panel. The variation in seed oil content (SOC) plasticity was primarily associated with three environmental indices: precipitation, diurnal temperature range, and ultraviolet B during the flowering or pod‐filling stage, alongside five major plasticity genes. Leveraging this information with climate records, we developed a predictive model to estimate SOC for various planting dates in seven major production regions and validated our predictions in new environments. As climate change necessitates new breeding materials with improved genetics, we examined the genetic potentials of existing lines for enhanced SOC in future climates. Using projected environmental data and the identified major plasticity genes, we predicted SOC of genotypes across production regions. We also identified an optimal haplotype, a specific combination of alleles, for each production region to sustainably produce high SOC for future climates. This study offers insights and selection methods that contribute to mitigating the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture.
Factor Substitution Possibilities, Labor Share Dynamics, and Inequality in an Age of Intangibles
Authors: Velic Adnan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe examine the economy‐wide degree of substitutability between intangible capital and other factor inputs in production using a large sample of advanced countries. In this context, we turn to studying the implications of intangible and tangible capital growth for labor income share dynamics. Compared to tangible capital, we find that intangible capital more strongly complements skilled labor. The analysis further indicates relative fungibility between tangible capital and a composite of intangible capital and skilled labor, in line with the rising prominence of knowledge‐intensive tasks and AI‐driven online platforms. The intrinsic nature of intangibles and their asymmetric effects across skilled and unskilled labor productivity based on our substitution elasticities suggest that intangible capital growth increases income inequality more aggressively.