bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase II Study of Durvalumab Immediately after Completion of Chemoradiotherapy in Unresectable Stage III Non–small Cell Lung Cancer: TORG1937 (DATE Study)
Authors: Nakamichi Shinji , Kubota Kaoru , Misumi Toshihiro , Kondo Tetsuro , Murakami Shuji , Shiraishi Yoshimasa , Imai Hisao , Harada Daijiro , Isobe Kazutoshi , Itani Hidetoshi , Takata Saori , Wakui Hiroshi , Misumi Yuki , Ikeda Satoshi , Asao Tetsuhiko , Furuya Naoki , Hosokawa Shinobu , Kobayashi Yumiko , Takiguchi Yuichi , Okamoto Hiroaki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by durvalumab consolidation for up to 12 months is the standard of care for patients with unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, exactly when to initiate durvalumab therapy after chemoradiation completion remains unknown. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of durvalumab, administered immediately after CCRT completion, for patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC.

Patients and Methods:
This study was a prospective, single-arm, open-label phase II clinical trial. Patients without disease progression after definitive CCRT (two cycles of platinum-based doublet chemotherapy with 60 Gy/30 Fr radiotherapy) received durvalumab (every 2 weeks for up to 12 months) from the next day (up to 5 days) after the final radiation dose. The primary endpoint was the 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) from registration before the start of CCRT.

Results:
From January 2020 to August 2020, 47 of 50 enrolled patients were evaluable for treatment efficacy and safety. The 1-year PFS from registration was 75.0% [60% confidence interval (CI), 69.0–80.0 and 95% CI, 59.4–85.3]. The objective response rate throughout the study treatment and median PFS from registration were 78.7% and 14.2 months (95% CI, 13.4 to not reached), respectively. Grade 3/4 pneumonitis and febrile neutropenia were each 4.3%.

Conclusions:
Our study met the primary endpoint. The incidence of pneumonitis was similar to that of a Japanese subset in the PACIFIC study. Our data support the efficacy and safety of durvalumab administered immediately after the completion of CCRT for patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC.
KDM6A Demethylase Regulates Renal Sodium Excretion and Blood Pressure
Authors: Han Xiaobin , Akinseye Leah , Sun Zhongjie 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
KDM6A (Lysine-Specific Demethylase 6A) is a specific demethylase for histone 3 lysine (K) 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). The purpose of this study is to investigate whether KDM6A in renal tubule cells plays a role in the regulation of kidney function and blood pressure.

METHODS:

We first crossed

Ksp-Cre
+/−
and KDM6A
flox/flox

mice for generating inducible kidney-specific deletion of
KDM6A
gene.

RESULTS:

Notably, conditional knockout of
KDM6A
gene in renal tubule cells (KDM6A-cKO) increased H3K27me3 levels which leads to a decrease in Na excretion and elevation of blood pressure. Further analysis showed that the expression of NKCC2 (Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 2) and NCC (Na-Cl cotransporters) was upregulated which contributes to impaired Na excretion in KDM6A-cKO mice. The expression of AQP2 (aquaporin 2) was also increased in KDM6A-cKO mice, which may facilitate water reabsorption in KDM6A-cKO mice. The expression of Klotho was downregulated while expression of aging markers including p53, p21, and p16 was upregulated in kidneys of KDM6A-cKO mice, indicating that deletion of KDM6A in the renal tubule cells promotes kidney aging. Interestingly, KDM6A-cKO mice developed salt-sensitive hypertension which can be rescued by treatment with Klotho. KDM6A deficiency induced salt-sensitive hypertension likely through downregulation of the Klotho/ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) signaling and upregulation of the WNK (with-no-lysine kinase) signaling.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study provides the first evidence that KDM6A plays an essential role in maintaining normal tubular function and blood pressure. Renal tubule cell specific KDM6A deficiency causes hypertension due to increased H3K27me3 levels and the resultant downregulation of
Klotho
gene expression which disrupts the Klotho/ERK/NCC/NKCC2 signaling.
Conscious Experience of Stimulus Presence and Absence Is Actively Encoded by Neurons in the Crow Brain
Authors: Wagener Lysann , Nieder Andreas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The emergence of consciousness from brain activity constitutes one of the great riddles in biology. It is commonly assumed that only the conscious perception of the presence of a stimulus elicits neuronal activation to signify a “neural correlate of consciousness,” whereas the subjective experience of the absence of a stimulus is associated with a neuronal resting state. Here, we demonstrate that the two subjective states “stimulus present” and “stimulus absent” are represented by two specialized neuron populations in crows, corvid birds. We recorded single-neuron activity from the nidopallium caudolaterale of crows trained to report the presence or absence of images presented near the visual threshold. Because of the task design, neuronal activity tracking the conscious “present” versus “absent” percept was dissociated from that involved in planning a motor response. Distinct neuron populations signaled the subjective percepts of “present” and “absent” by increases in activation. The response selectivity of these two neuron populations was similar in strength and time course. This suggests a balanced code for subjective “presence” versus “absence” experiences, which might be beneficial when both conscious states need to be maintained active in the service of goal-directed behavior.
Young male and female scientists: A quantitative exploratory study of the changing demographics of the global scientific workforce
Authors: Kwiek Marek , Szymula Lukasz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, the global scientific workforce is explored through large-scale, generational, cross-sectional, and longitudinal approaches. We examine 4.3 million nonoccasional scientists from 38 OECD countries publishing in 1990–2021. Our interest is in the changing distribution of young male and female scientists over time across 16 science, technology, engineering, mathematics, medicine (STEMM) disciplines. We unpack the details of the changing scientific workforce using age groups. Some disciplines are already numerically dominated by women, and the change is fast in some and slow in others. In one-third of disciplines, there are already more youngest female than male scientists. Across all disciplines combined, the majority of women are young women. And more than half of female scientists (55.02%) are located in medicine. The usefulness of global bibliometric data sources in analyzing the scientific workforce along gender, age, discipline, and time is tested. Traditional aggregated data about scientists in general hide a nuanced picture of the changing gender dynamics within and across disciplines and age groups. The limitations of bibliometric data sets are explored, and global studies are compared with national-level studies. The methodological choices and their implications are shown, and new opportunities for how to study scientists globally are discussed.
CHIVA for dummies
Authors: Ricci Stefano 
Published: January 2024

Background Sparing the Great Saphenous Vein capital for possible arterial substitution and recurrence decrease may be an alternative to current ablation options for Varicose Veins treatment. Conservative surgery of varicose veins (CHIVA) was suggested in 1988 by Franceschi, by limited veins interruptions in strategic points. However, the method did not diffuse due to the need for high Duplex expertise to determine the procedure in every single patient. Method Evaluation of the literature regarding saphenous sparing, with special reference to CHIVA. Result It has been realized that basic Ultrasound expertise is sufficient for performing GSV conservation. Most of the time, only a few parameters are needed: a junction competence assessment and a re-entry perforator position. Conclusion For achieving the goal of saphenous conservative treatment, a limited phlebectomy and possible Junction interruption (crossotomy) may be a simplified solution.
Social Media Posts About Distal Radius Fracture: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Patient and Provider Perspectives
Authors: Reynolds Christopher A. , Mehta Manish P. , Erkkila Ian P. , Clements Sean , Baskin Robert P. , Shah Chirag M. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Social media offers a popular, unfiltered source of patient and provider perspectives on health care. This study investigated the characteristics of social media posts referencing distal radius fracture (DRF). Methods: Content was queried from Instagram from February 06, 2019, to December 08, 2021, using the hashtags “#distalradiusfracture” and “#wristfracture.” The 1500 most-liked posts were analyzed. Poster demographics including age, gender, region, laterality, and treatment type and post characteristics including post type, number, content, timing relative to treatment, tone, and satisfaction were examined. Variables were compared using χ2 tests. Univariate, multivariate, and stepwise regression were performed. Results: The most popular post formats were single photo (44.5%), multiple photos (32.3%), and single video (13.9%). Patients (40.3%) were the most common poster followed by surgeons (33.4%). Men (48.7%) and women (51.3) were evenly represented. Of the total posts, 87.7% depicted the post-treatment phase of care; 54.8% of posts depicted operative management, while 26.6% depicted non-operative management; and 73.7% of posts were positive in tone, 18.7% neutral, and 7.6% negative. Univariate analysis demonstrated that posters who were patients, friends/family of patients, female, and posts with >100 “likes” were more likely to share negative tones. Multivariate and stepwise regression were consistent with the above. Conclusion: Most posts regarding DRF originate from patients, are post-treatment, and are positive. Negative tone is associated with posts from patients, family/friends of patients, female posters, and posts with >100 likes. With this information, surgeons will be better prepared to address patient concerns, manage expectations, and actively participate in social media themselves.
White matter microstructure of children with sensory over-responsivity is associated with affective behavior
Authors: Wren-Jarvis Jamie , Powers Rachel , Lazerwitz Maia C. , Xiao Jaclyn , Cai Lanya T. , Choi Hannah L. , Brandes-Aitken Annie , Chu Robyn , Trimarchi Kaitlyn J. , Garcia Rafael D. , Rowe Mikaela A. , Steele Mary C. , Marco Elysa J. , Mukherjee Pratik 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Sensory processing dysfunction (SPD) is linked to altered white matter (WM) microstructure in school-age children. Sensory over-responsivity (SOR), a form of SPD, affects at least 2.5% of all children and has substantial deleterious impact on learning and mental health. However, SOR has not been well studied using microstructural imaging such as diffusion MRI (dMRI). Since SOR involves hypersensitivity to external stimuli, we test the hypothesis that children with SOR require compensatory neuroplasticity in the form of superior WM microstructural integrity to protect against internalizing behavior, leaving those with impaired WM microstructure vulnerable to somatization and depression.

Methods
Children ages 8–12 years old with neurodevelopmental concerns were assessed for SOR using a comprehensive structured clinical evaluation, the Sensory Processing 3 Dimensions Assessment, and underwent 3 Tesla MRI with multishell multiband dMRI. Tract-based spatial statistics was used to measure diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) metrics from global WM and nineteen selected WM tracts. Correlations of DTI and NODDI measures with measures of somatization and emotional disturbance from the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, 3rd edition (BASC-3), were computed in the SOR group and in matched children with neurodevelopmental concerns but not SOR.

Results
Global WM fractional anisotropy (FA) is negatively correlated with somatization and with emotional disturbance in the SOR group but not the non-SOR group. Also observed in children with SOR are positive correlations of radial diffusivity (RD) and free water fraction (FISO) with somatization and, in most cases, emotional disturbance. These effects are significant in boys with SOR, whereas the study is underpowered for girls. The most affected white matter are medial lemniscus and internal capsule sensory tracts, although effects of SOR are observed in many cerebral, cerebellar, and brainstem tracts.

Conclusion
White matter microstructure is related to affective behavior in children with SOR.
Latrodectus envenomation in Ethiopia
Authors: Korbu Shimelis , Olika Mosisa , Alemayehu Getu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBlack widows, one of the few spiders that can sting humans with poison, are members of the spider genus Latrodectus and are well-known for the extraordinary potency of their neurotoxic venom. Latrodectism, a symptom marked by excruciating muscular pain, stomach pain, and diaphoresis after envenomation, is very typical. We described a black widow envenomation case that produced a significant reaction, including diaphoresis and excruciating pain throughout the left thigh that later spread to the lower leg, lower back, belly, and chest. Because of the patient’s description of the spider that bit him and his typical clinical state, it was assumed that Latrodectus envenomation was the cause of his symptoms. The patient received 3 days of observation in the ED while receiving opioid analgesic pain management and muscle relaxant treatment with diazepam. The patient's pain and symptoms were satisfactorily managed, and he was sent home. This case report will help further research be done in the area where it was reported to see if there are cases with similar presentations misdiagnosed as other illnesses. Finally, immediate pain relief is the most critical goal for all patients.
Incidence and outcome of laryngeal edema and rhabdomyolysis after ingestion of black rock
Authors: Sayed Aml Ahmed , Abdelrahman Abdelrahman Hamdy , Sayed Zein Elabdeen Ahmed , Abdelhameid Marwa Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Black rock, Kala Pathar or ParaPhenyleneDiamine (PPD), is an aromatic amine widely used as a hair dye ingredient and is also used in textile industries. However, when ingested, PPD is highly toxic resulting in angioneurotic edema, rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, toxic hepatitis, and myocarditis with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and outcome of laryngeal edema and rhabdomyolysis after ingestion of PPD.

Patients and methods
The current research was a cross-sectional study that was conducted at Aswan University Hospital, Aswan, Egypt, from December 2021 to December 2022. It consisted of 100 people who attempted suicide by ingesting black rock. All patients underwent general examinations and investigations, including complete blood count, urea, creatinine, creatine phospho kinase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, calcium, uric acid, phosphorus, urine analysis, and electrocardiography.

Results
The current study consisted of 15 males and 85 females; the most common presentation was stridor (88%) followed by muscle weakness (50%). Twelve percent of patients with stridor required tracheostomy while 14% required tracheal intubation. Regarding the complications of PPD ingestion, the incidence of hepatic injury was (97%) and acute kidney injury (14%) five of them required hemodialysis, with a mortality rate of 13%. Cardiac arrhythmias were noticed in the form of sinus tachycardia (24%), sinus bradycardia (3%), atrial fibrillation (5%), ventricular fibrillation (6%), and ventricular tachycardia (7%). Our study found a significant positive correlation between creatine phosphokinase, muscle weakness, and acute kidney injury (P = 0.005). Whereas a significant positive correlation was noted between stridor, hospital stay, and mortality rate (P = 0.000), (P = 0.003), respectively. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between tracheotomy, mortality rate, and hospital stay (P = 0.000).

Conclusion
PDD toxicity is more frequent in younger females. The intoxication from the black rock is increasingly used in suicide attempts and vital organs are usually affected especially the kidney, liver, and heart causing morbidity and mortality.
Synchromodal transport re-planning: an agent-based simulation approach
Authors: Alaei Shafagh , Durán-Micco Javier , Macharis Cathy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving global marketplace, the logistics sector faces a multitude of challenges that demand implementation of more resilient solutions to respond to any future disturbance. Synchromodal transport, which is viewed as an extension of multimodal transport, is known as a key answer to this issue, as it provides more flexible and sustainable freight transport and also focuses on collaboration between different logistics players. We consider synchromodal transport as a collection of agents that not only have their own characteristics and behaviors, but also interact with each other, which impacts the entire system. In this paper, we study the system using an Agent-Based Modeling approach. The network represents the combination of long-haul and drayage transport, where pre-haulage and end-haulage are done only by truck, and the rest can be done by trucks, trains, or barges. A numerical experiment is conducted to evaluate cost savings and emissions reduction under different logistics service providers’ relation and re-routing scenarios. Our findings show that synchromodal scenarios are more economically and environmentally efficient, and that they lead to higher flexibility and reliability compared to business-as-usual scenarios. Additionally, our model verifies that the cost saving is considerable when logistics service providers collaborate with each other. The results of sensitivity analyses show consistent overall trends when comparing the different scenarios. Therefore, the conclusions drawn from the original experiment appear to be applicable, not only for that specific instance, but have broader relevance and applicability.
Computational application of internationally harmonized defined approaches to skin sensitization: DASS App
Authors: To Kimberly T. , Strickland Judy , Reinke Emily , Borrel Alexandre , Truax Jim , Maldonado Heather , Allen Dave , Kleinstreuer Nicole 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundChemically induced skin sensitization, or allergic contact dermatitis, is a common occupational and public health issue. Regulatory authorities require an assessment of potential to cause skin sensitization for many chemical products. Defined approaches for skin sensitization (DASS) identify potential chemical skin sensitizers by integrating data from multiple non-animal tests based on human cells, molecular targets, and computational model predictions using standardized data interpretation procedures. While several DASS are internationally accepted by regulatory agencies, the data interpretation procedures vary in logical complexity, and manual application can be time-consuming or prone to error.ResultsWe developed the DASS App, an open-source web application, to facilitate user application of three regulatory testing strategies for skin sensitization assessment: the Two-out-of-Three (2o3), the Integrated Testing Strategy (ITS), and the Key Event 3/1 Sequential Testing Strategy (KE 3/1 STS) without the need for software downloads or computational expertise. The application supports upload and analysis of user-provided data, includes steps to identify inconsistencies and formatting issues, and provides predictions in a downloadable format.ConclusionThis open-access web-based implementation of internationally harmonized regulatory guidelines for an important public health endpoint is designed to support broad user uptake and consistent, reproducible application. The DASS App is freely accessible viahttps://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/952311and all scripts are available on GitHub (https://github.com/NIEHS/DASS).
Draft genome assemblies for two species of Escallonia (Escalloniales)
Authors: Chanderbali Andre S. , Dervinis Christopher , Anghel Ioana G. , Soltis Douglas E. , Soltis Pamela S. , Zapata Felipe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Escallonia (Escalloniaceae) belongs to the Escalloniales, a diverse clade of flowering plants with unclear placement in the tree of life. Escallonia species show impressive morphological and ecological diversity and are widely distributed across three hotspots of biodiversity in the Neotropics. To shed light on the genomic substrate of this radiation and the phylogenetic placement of Escalloniales as well as to generate useful data for comparative evolutionary genomics across flowering plants, we produced and annotated draft genomes for two species of Escallonia.

Data description
Genomic DNA from E. rubra and E. herrerae was sequenced with Oxford Nanopore sequencing chemistry, generating 3.4 and 12 million sequence reads with an average read length of 9.4 and 9.1 Kb (approximately 31 and 111 Gb of sequence data), respectively. In addition, we generated Illumina 100-bp paired-end short read data for E. rubra (approximately 75 Gb of sequence data). The Escallonia rubra genome was 566 Mb, with 3,233 contigs and an N50 of 285 Kb. The assembled genome for E. herrerae was 994 Mp, with 5,760 contigs and an N50 of 317 Kb. The genome sequences were annotated with 31,038 (E. rubra) and 47,905 (E. herrerea) protein-coding gene models supported by transcriptome/protein evidence and/or Pfam domain content. BUSCO assessments indicated completeness levels of approximately 98% for the genome assemblies and 88% for the genome annotations.
Genome-wide identification and expression pattern analysis of the kiwifruit GRAS transcription factor family in response to salt stress
Authors: Zhu Ling , Yin Tuo , Zhang Mengjie , Yang Xiuyao , Wu Jiexin , Cai Hanbing , Yang Na , Li Xulin , Wen Ke , Chen Daming , Zhang Hanyao , Liu Xiaozhen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
GRAS is a family of plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) that play a vital role in plant growth and development and response to adversity stress. However, systematic studies of the GRAS TF family in kiwifruit have not been reported.

Results
In this study, we used a bioinformatics approach to identify eighty-six AcGRAS TFs located on twenty-six chromosomes and phylogenetic analysis classified them into ten subfamilies. It was found that the gene structure is relatively conserved for these genes and that fragmental duplication is the prime force for the evolution of AcGRAS genes. However, the promoter region of the AcGRAS genes mainly contains cis-acting elements related to hormones and environmental stresses, similar to the results of GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, suggesting that hormone signaling pathways of the AcGRAS family play a vital role in regulating plant growth and development and adversity stress. Protein interaction network analysis showed that the AcGRAS51 protein is a relational protein linking DELLA, SCR, and SHR subfamily proteins. The results demonstrated that 81 genes were expressed in kiwifruit AcGRAS under salt stress, including 17 differentially expressed genes, 13 upregulated, and four downregulated. This indicates that the upregulated AcGRAS55, AcGRAS69, AcGRAS86 and other GRAS genes can reduce the salt damage caused by kiwifruit plants by positively regulating salt stress, thus improving the salt tolerance of the plants.

Conclusions
These results provide a theoretical basis for future exploration of the characteristics and functions of more AcGRAS genes. This study provides a basis for further research on kiwifruit breeding for resistance to salt stress. RT-qPCR analysis showed that the expression of 3 AcGRAS genes was elevated under salt stress, indicating that AcGRAS exhibited a specific expression pattern under salt stress conditions.