bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupling MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) with PISM (Parallel Ice Sheet Model) mitigates the positive melt–elevation feedback
Authors: Delhasse Alison , Beckmann Johanna , Kittel Christoph , Fettweis Xavier 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The Greenland Ice Sheet is a key contributor to sea level rise. By melting, the ice sheet thins, inducing higher surface melt due to lower surface elevations, accelerating the melt coming from global warming. This process is called the melt–elevation feedback and can be considered by using two types of models: either (1) atmospheric models, which can represent the surface mass balance (SMB), or SMB estimates resulting from simpler models such as positive degree day models or (2) ice sheet models representing the surface elevation evolution. The latter ones do not represent the surface mass balance explicitly as well as polar-oriented climate models. A new coupling between the MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) regional climate model and the PISM (Parallel Ice Sheet Model) ice sheet model is presented here following the CESM2 (Community Earth System Model; SSP5-8.5, Shared Socioeconomic Pathway) scenario until 2100 at the MAR lateral boundaries. The coupling is extended to 2200 with a stabilised climate (+7 ∘C compared to 1961–1990) by randomly sampling the last 10 years of CESM2 to force MAR and reaches a sea level rise contribution of 64 cm. The fully coupled simulation is compared to a one-way experiment where surface topography remains fixed in MAR. However, the surface mass balance is corrected for the melt–elevation feedback when interpolated on the PISM grid by using surface mass balance vertical gradients as a function of local elevation variations (offline correction). This method is often used to represent the melt–elevation feedback and prevents a coupling which is too expensive in computation time. In the fully coupled MAR simulation, the ice sheet morphology evolution (changing slope and reducing the orographic barrier) induces changes in local atmospheric patterns. More specifically, wind regimes are modified, as well as temperature lapse rates, influencing the melt rate through modification of sensible heat fluxes at the ice sheet margins. We highlight mitigation of the melt lapse rate on the margins by modifying the surface morphology. The lapse rates considered by the offline correction are no longer valid at the ice sheet margins. If used (one-way simulation), this correction implies an overestimation of the sea level rise contribution of 2.5 %. The mitigation of the melt lapse rate on the margins can only be corrected by using a full coupling between an ice sheet model and an atmospheric model.
Assessing the Impact of ICT, Tourism, Globalization and Urbanization on Environmental Degradation and Economic Growth
Authors: Parveen Asma , Mehmood Kashif , Javed Maryam 
Published: February 2024

This study explores the impact of information and communication technology (ICT), tourism, globalization, and urbanization on the economic growth and environmental degradation of middle-income countries classified as overall, upper and lower-middle-income countries. It uses a micro panel dataset of 65 nations from 2000 to 2021 through a two-step Generalized Method of Moment estimation approach. The results indicate that the influence of ICT on environmental degradation differs across nation groups. Overall countries have a harmful effect, upper-middle countries exhibit a beneficial influence, and lower-middle countries show no significant link. Tourism continually causes environmental deterioration in all sorts of nations, emphasizing the need for eco-friendly tourist initiatives. Globalization has been seen to have a positive correlation with environmental degradation in countries classified as Overall and Upper-middle income, but a negative correlation in Lower-middle-income nations. Urbanization has a favorable influence on environmental deterioration in Overall and Lower-middle-income nations, but it does not have a significant impact in Upper-middle-income countries. These findings underscore the need to tackle the environmental impacts of information and communication technology (ICT), tourism, globalization, and urbanization. To attain a greener and more sustainable future while fostering economic growth, policymakers should prioritize sustainable development, introduce energy-efficient technologies, encourage responsible tourism practices, enforce environmental regulations, and advocate for inclusive urban planning.
PENGARUH PERMAINAN KASTI TERHADAP LARI SPRINT 40 M SISWA KELAS V SDN 2 MUARA RUPIT
Authors: Saleh Khairul , Mori Saputra Deka Ismi , Hamzah Iri , Zunarti Rita , Apdoludin Apdoludin , Sari Yuliani Puspita 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

This research is motivated by the low ability of students in running, especially in the 40M sprint learning lesson. The purpose of this classroom action research is to see the effect of baseball on the 40M sprint for fifth grade students at SDN 2 Muara Rupit.
The method in this study is a quasi-experimental design or quasi-experimental, with one group pretest and posttest design. The population of this study was 229 students and the sampling technique was purposive sampling, the sample of this study was the fifth grade students of SDN 2 Muara Rupit. totaling 25, 10 women and 15 sons. The instrument used was the 40M running test. The data analysis technique of this research used t-test with a significant level of 0.05.
The results showed that there was a significant effect between baseball game training on the 40M sprint run for fifth grade students at SDN 2 Muara Rupit. The results of the t-test obtained the value of tcount=12.10 while ttable=2.06 with a significance level of 0.05. these results show that tcount is greater than ttable. Then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected if Ha is accepted.

Keywords: Sprint, 40 Meter, Game, Kasti.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Shooting Bola Basket Dengan Menggunakan Permainan Target Pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 12 Bungo
Authors: Irman Irman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research was motivated by the difficulties of students shooting into the ring and the students' throwing was still too weak so the balls thrown were not quite on target. Seeing the problems that occur in class XI students at SMA Negeri 12 Bungo, a more effective and efficient learning approach is needed. An approach that leads to how students are trained to be serious, motivated and accustomed to throwing throwing objects precisely to a predetermined place. The learning approach is with a target game.
The study used a Classroom Action Research design which was carried out in two cycles, each cycle consisting of planning, implementing actions, observing and reflecting. The subjects of this study were 20 students of class XI at SMA Negeri 12 Bungo. Data on basketball learning outcomes were obtained through performance tests, observation sheets were used to collect data on student activities in participating in the basketball learning process.
The results of this study were obtained based on an assessment of the ability to shoot basketball using target games in class XI students at SMA Negeri 12 Bungo. From this aspect of the assessment, the percentage of students' completeness scores in cycle I was 40%. The results of the assessment of the aspects of learning basketball in the first cycle showed that students achieved the completeness criterion or a score of > 70. There was a significant increase from the conditions in cycle I to cycle II. The results of the basketball learning assessment obtained from cycle II were as many as 18 students who passed. While in the cycle II stage, the percentage of completeness is 90%. Of the 20 students, 18 were declared to have completed, only 2 students had not achieved completeness. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that learning basketball through target games can improve student learning outcomes. And for Physical Education teachers, they can apply learning effectively according to Physical Education lessons, especially in learning basketball.
Keywords: Target Game, Basketball, Learning
SURVEI KEMAMPUAN SERVIS DALAM PERMAINAN BOLA VOLI KLUB TANGGO RAJO
Authors: Gian Rahmat Sahasra  , M Iqbal Al Ihsan  , Ikhsan Maulana Putra  , Titis Wulandari  
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This research was motivated by not knowing whether the service technique used was correct or not, and not knowing the player's level of ability regarding basic volleyball techniques. This study aims to determine the level of upper serve and lower serve abilities of volleyball players at the Tanggo Rajo club, Kab. Tebo. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The population is all volleyball players at the Tanggo Rajo club, Kab. Tebo, numbering 15 people. The sampling technique used total sampling with a research sample of 15 players. Data collection techniques using tests. The instrument used is the American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation (AAHPER) serving accuracy test. The analysis technique used is to put the frequency into percentage form. The results of this research indicate that the level of service ability of volleyball players at Tanggo Rajo Club, Kab. Tebo is sufficient considering the highest frequency, namely the sufficient category with 7 people, namely 47%. Level of service ability of Tanggo Rajo Club volleyball players, Kab. Tebo was categorized as very good at 13%, good at 13%, fair at 47%, poor at 20%, very poor at 7%. Meanwhile, the lower level of service ability of the Tanggo Rajo Club volleyball players, Kab. Tebo is sufficient considering the highest frequency, namely the sufficient category with 6 people, namely 40%. Level of lower service ability of Tanggo Rajo Club volleyball players, Kab. Tebo was categorized as very good at 7%, good at 20%, fair at 40%, poor at 33%, very poor at 0%..
Keywords : Ability, Upper Serve, Lower Serve
Katekese Umat dan Ibadat Sabda Bersama di Stasi Santo Yosef Ensibau Paroki Santa Perawan Maria Diangkat ke Surga Balai Sebut-Jangkang
Authors: Meman Oktavianey G. P. H. , Karo Karo Irfan , Sitorus Roy Nandus , Candra Candra , Dwimayodi Dwimayodi , Do Kanisius 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK
Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengadakan katekese umat sekaligus melaksanakan ibadat sabda bersama umat di stasi Santo Yosef Ensibau, Paroki Santa Perawan Maria Balai Sebut-Jangkang. Adapun tema dalam katekese umat ini adalah “berpartisipasi aktif dalam hidup menggereja”. Metode dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah pembinaan iman dalam bentuk katekese umat yang diadakan setelah melaksanakan ibadat sabda di gereja stasi. Hasil kegiatan ini diharapkan agar umat, keluarga besar stasi Santo Yosef Ensibau semakin berupaya terlibat dan berartisipasi aktif dalam hidup menggereja serta juga dapat terlibat dalam kegiatan petugas ibadat sabda yang dilakukan di lingkungan maupun stasi tersebut.

Kata kunci: Katekese; ibadat sabda; umat
Katekese Paud/Minggu Gembira di Stasi Santo Yosef Ensibau Paroki Santa Perawan Maria Diangkat ke Surga Balai Sebut-Jangkang
Authors: Astuti Florentina Dwi , Lumban Tobing Ona Sastri , Meman Oktavianey G. P. H. , Handayani Exnasia Retno Palupi , Markus Markus , Gery Julvius 
Published: February 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengadakan katekese kepada PAUD (Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini) dan Minggu Gembira di stasi Santo Yosef Ensibau, Paroki Santa Perawan Maria Balai Sebut-Jangkang. Adapun tema dalam katekese ini adalah “katekese tanda salib (kepada PAUD) dan mengasihi sesama sebagai anak-anak Allah dalam terang (kepada Minggu Gembira). Metode dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah pembinaan iman dalam bentuk katekese kepada PAUD dan Minggu Gembira yang diadakan hari Minggu tanggal 23 Oktober 2022 pada pagi hari sebelum di Gereja Santo Yosef Ensibau. Hasil kegiatan ini diharapkan agar umat; khususnya pengurus Gereja, pembina dan orang dewasa lainnya dapat membantu kegiatan katekese anak; PAUD/Mg yang sudah lama vakum. Serta berupaya menghidupkan kembali kegiatan katekese ini demi keberlangsungan pembinaan iman anak khsuusnya katekese PAUD/MG ini.

Kata kunci: Katekese anak; PAUD/Minggu Gembira
Ocorrência de leishmaniose visceral e tegumentar no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Santos Eva , Silva Anderson 
Published: February 2024

Contexto: A leishmaniose, classificada como antropozoonose, é causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania. É subdividida em forma clínica visceral (LV), que afeta órgãos internos, e tegumentar americana (LTA), que envolve pele e mucosas. Dos casos registrados na América Latina, 90% ocorrem no Brasil. Até a década de 1980, a doença estava restrita ao meio rural, em estados da região nordeste e no município de Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a dinâmica espacial da ocorrência de Leishmaniose Visceral e Tegumentar no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, de 2008 a 2022. Métodos: Utilizamos dados públicos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), referentes aos anos de 2008 a 2022. Os dados foram divididos em três quinquênios, de acordo com a Macrorregião de Saúde (MRGS)/Município de Residência, para ambas as formas clínicas. Resultados: Foram notificados 2751 casos confirmados de LV no Mato Grosso do Sul, sendo 78,70% localizados na MRGS de Campo Grande. Foram registrados 1925 casos de LTA, com 65% localizados na MRGS Campo Grande. Observou-se que, ao longo dos quinquênios, houve diminuição de municípios com as maiores taxas de transmissão de LV e LT. Considerando que a Leishmaniose é uma doença negligenciada, é fundamental investir em ações de educação em saúde e na capacitação das equipes de saúde para aumentar o esclarecimento da população.
URGENSI MATERI MAHFUDZAT DALAM MENUMBUHKEMBANGKAN KARAKTER ANAK DI SANGGAR GENIUS NGRUPIT
Authors: Ibnu Hamdan Muzakki  , Juliyanto  , Pipit Septiana Solikha  
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the urgency and implementation of mahfudzat material in the Genius Ngrupit studio that is able to develop potential and character in children. In an era that has developed and developed, Islamic education is the foundation for revitasliing moral values for one's person. The source of knowledge that instills the value of moral education is taught by teaching mahfudzat. Because it is able to give positive strength to those who study it seriously. The teachings contained in mahfudzat are moral values that can increase one's motivation and status. By using a descriptive qualitative approach, so that the data analysis is carried out by multiplying and finding patterns of relationships according to the actual data about mahfudzat material. Important findings in this study are the concept of character education, the learning pattern of mahfudzat material in the Genius Ngrupit studio and the analysis of the urgency and essence of mahfudzat in growing children's character.
Limitation of Actions and Air Passenger Rights in Thailand: Importing the Law but Leaving Judicial Reasoning Behind
Authors: Kovudhikulrungsri Lalin 
Published: February 2024

This article comparatively analyses limitations regarding the submission of passenger claims in Thailand and the EU. Thailand transposed EU Regulation 261/2004 on denied boarding, delay and cancellation of flights into its national law. Since EU Regulation 261/2004 does not contain any provision referring to a statute of limitations for legal actions, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) found that the limitation period was governed, and continues to be governed, by the domestic law of each Member State, as opposed to the Montreal Convention of 1999 which prescribes a single standard for limitation period. Despite importing this piece of secondary EU legislation, the Thai judicial branch has, so far, not followed the said CJEU judgment. The Thai court selected the two-year limitation period under its domestic law which implemented the Montreal Convention of 1999. Since this lack of harmonization does not benefit the orderly development of international civil aviation, this author suggests that the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) should take action.
Limitation of Actions, Air Passenger Rights, Thailand, Denied Boarding, Time Bar
Unweaving the Tangled Web: The Due Regard Obligation Under Article IX of the Outer Space Treaty
Authors: Carpanelli Elena 
Published: February 2024

This article assesses the content and reach of the due regard obligation under Article IX of the Outer Space Treaty (OST). It first investigates if its substance might be spelled out despite its flexible and context-dependent nature. It then focuses on the ‘reach’ of the obligation, by examining, on the one hand, its practical ‘playing field’ vis-à-vis other ‘competing’ rules and, on the other, its potential application beyond Article IX OST. It concludes that, while it is possible to partially substantiate the content of this obligation, its status under international law remains uncertain and its implementation would be further supported by the adoption of more precise operationalizing frameworks at the multilateral level.
due diligence, consultations, cooperation, impact assessment, Artemis Accords
COVID-19: Business Interruption Insurance Claims: ‘A Double Jeopardy in the History of Mankind’
Authors: Tiwari Pradeep Krishan , Shukla Gaurav 
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the judgments of the UK Supreme Court and the Federal Court of Australia on COVID-19 Business Interruption Insurance claims (BII). The UK Supreme Court found that insurers were liable for losses proximately caused by COVID-19. The Federal Court of Australia, on the other hand, found that business interruption losses were only covered if the BII policy incorporated ‘disease clause’ extensions. Since no physical loss is required for the ‘disease clause’ to operate, it is a matter of mere common sense.
COVID-19, access, disease, prevention, causation, and trigger
Tax Technology for the European Union!
Authors: Ismer Roland 
Published: February 2024

Beyond the adopted Pillar 2 Directive, the European Commission has recently published several legislative initiatives, namely the Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT), the Head Office System of Taxation (HOT), the Fast Track Assured and Safer Tax Excess Refunds (FASTER), the VAT in the digital age (ViDA) as well as the DEBRA proposals. The proposals would, if adopted, add a whole new layer of far-reaching and complex substantive provisions to EU secondary tax law. At the same time, they would mark a decisive step towards digitized taxation processes. The article briefly sketches the corresponding provisions in the ViDA and FASTER proposals, which are particularly relevant in this context. It starts with the ViDA proposal, before turning to the FASTER proposal. It argues that in both cases there are some points that need to be addressed in the legislative procedure so as to fully reap the potential from digitized tax processes. Nevertheless, the proposals are highly welcome, as they promote EU digitized tax processing. These directives may well mark the transition to the age of EU tax technology.
Tax technology, digitized tax processing, ViDA, e-invoicing, VAT reporting, FASTER, eCTR, residence certificates, tax treaty residence
Proposals to Reform the EU Customs Union
Authors: Schippers Martijn L. 
Published: February 2024

On 17 May 2023 the European Commission published the most ambitious and comprehensive proposals to reform the EU Customs Union since the establishing of the Customs Union in 1968. The Commission’s proposals follow a series of studies and consultations and is intended as a response to tensions that have arisen in the customs world as a result of a huge increase in trade volumes, a rapidly rising number of EU standards to be checked at borders, the shifting geopolitical reality and various crises. This contribution provides an overview of and critical reflection on the highlights of the proposals, enabling readers with different levels of expertise in customs law to get familiar with what has been proposed by the European Commission and to pave the way for further, in-depth research on these proposals
EU Customs Union, reform, European Commission, customs legislation, UCC, e-commerce, importer, sanctions, EU Customs Data Hub, Trust and Check traders
Modernization and Digitalization of the EU Withholding Tax Procedure: Opportunities Offered by the FASTER Initiative
Authors: Konstantinou Katherina , Konstantinou Melina 
Published: February 2024

The EU’s Faster and Safer Relief of Excess Withholding Taxes (FASTER) initiative aims to modernize and digitalize the withholding tax procedure. It addresses two key issues: preventing tax abuse and double taxation for cross-border investors. Cum/Ex and Cum/ Cum scandals exposed vulnerabilities in the current system, leading to substantial tax losses. To streamline the process, FASTER introduces a uniform EU Digital Tax Residence Certificate (eTRC), enabling digital reimbursement applications. It also offers two fast-track procedures, ‘relief at source’ and ‘quick refund’, alongside standard reporting obligations for certified financial intermediaries to enhance transparency.
While the initiative promises annual savings of EUR 5.17 billion for investors, it places a significant burden on financial intermediaries. Implementing eTRCs and meeting reporting requirements involve substantial costs. Concerns regarding data protection and implementation timelines exist. The proposal is currently under public consultation until 21 August 2023, and the implementation is targeted for 1 January 2027, subject to further developments and consultations.
In summary, FASTER seeks to modernize the withholding tax process to combat abuse and facilitate cross-border investments, but its impact on financial intermediaries and data protection considerations remain noteworthy.
FASTER, Withholding tax, Digitalization, Tax fraud, Double taxation, eTRC, data protection, reporting obligation, national register, cum/ex
Dynamic References To International Soft Law Agreements: Flexibility With Limits
Authors: Englisch Joachim 
Published: February 2024

The European Union relies increasingly on non-binding international agreements as a blueprint for its legislation on direct taxation. This implies converting a flexible soft law instrument into hard law that is subsequently difficult to amend due to the unanimity principle. A nascent trend to ensure that such Union legislation nevertheless stays in sync with future developments of the underlying soft law agreement are dynamic references to the latter. However, the scope for this approach is limited by the requirements of sufficient democratic legitimacy and legality of taxation, and respect for the institutional balance of the Union. Dynamic references to international soft law standards should therefore primarily be used as a source of interpretation or illustration for the concretization of already executable rules in the relevant EU legal act. They do not normally allow to incorporate also amendments and supplements of the original soft law agreement, unless additional safeguards exist that ensure compliance with the aforementioned Union law principles – at the expense of the desired flexibility, however. In this regard, the better approach would be the conferral of delegated powers upon the Commission to ensure a timely yet controlled alignment of the relevant Union tax legislation with new soft law standards.
soft law, dynamic reference, democratic legitimacy, legality of taxation, institutional balance