bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolically activated and highly polyfunctional intratumoral VISTA+ regulatory B cells are associated with tumor recurrence in early stage NSCLC.
Authors: Tartaro Domenico Lo , Aramini Beatrice , Masciale Valentina , Paschalidis Nikolaos , Lofaro Francesco Demetrio , Neroni Anita , Borella Rebecca , Santacroce Elena , Ciobanu Alin Liviu , Samarelli Anna Valeria , Boraldi Federica , Quaglino Daniela , Dubini Alessandra , Gaudio Michele , Manzotti Gloria , Reggiani Francesca , Torricelli Federica , Ciarrocchi Alessia , Neri Antonino , Bertolini Federica , Dominici Massimo , Filosso Pier Luigi , Stella Franco , Gibellini Lara , De Biasi Sara , Cossarizza Andrea 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

B cells have emerged as central players in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, although there is clear evidence for their involvement in cancer immunity, scanty data exist on the characterization of B cell phenotypes, bioenergetic profiles and possible interactions with T cells in the context of NSCLC. In this study, using polychromatic flow cytometry, mass cytometry, and spatial transcriptomics we explored the intricate landscape of B cell phenotypes, bioenergetics, and their interaction with T cells in NSCLC. Our analysis revealed that TME contains diverse B cell clusters, including VISTA+ Bregs, with distinct metabolic and functional profiles. Target liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry confirmed the expression of VISTA on B cells. Pseudotime analysis unveiled a B cell differentiation process leading to a branch formed by plasmablasts/plasma cells, or to another made by VISTA+ Bregs. Spatial analysis showed colocalization of B cells with CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes in TME. The computational analysis of intercellular communications that links ligands to target genes, performed by NicheNet, predicted B-T interactions via VISTA-PSGL1 axis. Notably, tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells expressing PSGL1 exhibited enhanced metabolism and cytotoxicity. In NSCLC patients, prediction analysis performed by PENCIL revealed the presence of an association between PSGL1+CD8+ T cells and VISTA+ Bregs with lung recurrence. Our findings suggest a potential interaction between Bregs and T cells through the VISTA-PSGL1 axis, able of influencing NSCLC recurrence.
Novel FOXP2 Variant Associated with Speech and Language Dysfunction in a Chinese Family and literature review
Authors: che fengyu , Li chenhao , Zhang Liyu , Qian Chenxi , Mo Lidangzhi , Li Benchang , Wu Haibin , Wang Lifang , yang ying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Since its initial identification, the Forkhead Box P2 gene (FOXP2) has maintained its singular status as the archetypal monogenic determinant implicated in Mendelian forms of human speech and language impairments. Despite the passage of two decades subsequent to its discovery, extant literature remains disproportionately sparse with regard to case-specific instances and loci of mutational perturbations. The objective of the current investigation centers on furnishing an enriched delineation of both its clinical manifestations and its mutational heterogeneity.
Methods
Clinical phenotypes and peripheral blood samples were assiduously amassed from familial subjects. Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing methodologies were deployed for the unambiguous identification of potential genetic variants and for corroborating their co-segregation within the family pedigree. An exhaustive review of published literature focusing on patients manifesting speech and language disorders consequent to FOXP2 genetic anomalies was also undertaken.
Results
The investigation yielded the identification of a novel heterozygous variant, c.661del (p.L221Ffs*41), localized within the FOXP2 gene in the proband, an inheritance from his symptomatic mother. The proband presented with an array of symptoms, encompassing dysarthric speech, deficits in instruction comprehension, and communicative impediments. In comparison, the mother exhibited attenuated symptoms, including rudimentary verbalization capabilities punctuated by pronounced stuttering and dysarthria. A comprehensive analysis of articles archived in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) classified under "DM" disclosed the existence of 74 patients inclusive of the subjects under current examination, sub-divided into 19 patients with null variants, 5 patients with missense variants, and 50 patients with gross deletions or complex genomic rearrangements. A conspicuous predominance of delayed speech, impoverished current verbal abilities, verbal comprehension deficits, and learning difficulties were observed in patients harboring null or missense FOXP2 variants, as compared to their counterparts with gross deletions or complex rearrangements. Developmental delays, hypotonia, and craniofacial aberrations were exclusive to the latter cohort.
Conclusions
The elucidated findings augment the existing corpus of knowledge on the genetic architecture influencing both the proband and his mother within this specified familial context. Of critical importance, these discoveries furnish a robust molecular framework conducive for the prenatal diagnostic evaluations of prospective progeny within this familial lineage.
Proton-induced Behavioral Alterations approved Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Kim Gyutae , Kim Kyu-Sung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A long-term space exploration faces extremely hazardous environmental stresses, and the exposure to space radiation has been considered as one of the most dangerous factors in Space. For the safety of astronauts, even a low amount of proton exposure in space radiation is necessary to be understood to protect their body systems and maintain the functional balance. However, the endpoint test based on behavioral responses lead to an undetermined consequence in the functional declines by producing the inconsistent results despite of the accumulated proofs in the molecular and the cellular damages by proton. To clarify the systemic link between the proton exposure and the cognitive decline in behaviors, some fundamental behavioral tests, such as rota-rod, open field test, and novel object recognition, were revisited, and the proton-induced alteration was examined by computing behavioral markers in time basis. A portion out of total population (28 SD rats) involved for each test, and the relevant behavioral markers in time were calculated to assess the proton-induced effects in emotion, locomotion and memory. The examination in 3 months of behavioral responses after the different amount of exposure (control, 30cGy-, and 1Gy-exposed animals) identified the emotional and locomotive alterations while few memory-related changes were observed. The computed behavioral markers suggested a quantitative approach to demonstrate the cognitive behavioral effects by a low amount of proton (30cGy) as well as the direct relation between the proton exposure and the cognitive alteration.
Terahertz sensing of L-Valine and L- Phenylalanine solutions
Authors: Shu Jingyi , Zhou Xinli , Hao Jixuan , Zhao Haochen , An Mingming , Zhang Yichen , Zhao Guozhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

An asymmetric folded double-open ring of metasurface sensor based on the Fano resonance has been designed, with its resonant frequency matching the absorption peak of L-Valine at 1.7 THz. A mixture of water and glycerol in a volume ratio of 2:8 was proposed as a solvent to reduce the absorption of terahertz waves by water. A sample chamber with a controlled liquid thickness of (15 μm) was fabricated. A vertical incidence of terahertz time-domain spectrometer (THz-TDS) was constructed to allow solutions to be placed horizontally, and two different concentrations of amino acid solutions were subsequently measured. As the concentration of L-Valine solution varied from 0 to 20mM, the resonance peak of sensor shifted from 1.39 THz to 1.58 THz, demonstrating a concentration sensitivity of 9.98GHz/mM. The resonance peak shift in the L-Phenylalanine solution was not pronounced. It is speculated that the coupling enhancement between the solute absorption peak and the sensor resonance peak in the solution leads to an increased frequency shift, highlighting the distinctive sensing detection.
Children from High-income families may not be happy in commuting to school-- evidence from China
Authors: Mou Zhenhua , Wang Qingbin , Kong Weilin , Zhang Luyu , Wang Peng , Chen Yanyan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The uneven distribution of high-quality education resources leads to an increasing number of children choosing schools far from their homes, resulting in longer commuting times. This not only occupies the rest time of parents and children, but also reduces their happiness. Taking Lixia District of Jinan as a research area, this paper uses the Thiessen Polygon Method to define school districts, introduces the actual weight of children's school selection based on children’s OD data of commuting to school, combines the 4×1767×62 travel planning data obtained from Autonade API platform to jointly build the model of actual accessibility to commuting to school and the model of accessibility to commuting to school within school districts, and then studies the accessibility and transportation equity of households with different income in commuting to school. The results show that there are great differences in flow characteristics, accessibility and transportation equity of households with different income, and the dynamic spatial characteristics of children's commuting to school are affected by household income. Specifically, the actual accessibility of high-income households is smaller than that of other households, indicating that the children from high-income households spend longer time in commuting to school, and take up more of their rest time, which reduces their senses of satisfaction and happiness. Compared with the actual commuting to school, in commuting to school within school districts, the difference between households with different income has a greater impact on transportation inequality. Therefore, promoting reasonable and organized school selection processes can effectively reduce transportation accessibility gaps among households. This research contributes to enhancing urban accessibility and travel efficiency, and provide a basis for governments to formulate fairer and more rational transport policies.
Occurrence of tinea infection with comparative study of commercial antifungal and traditional herbs in district Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Uddin Muhammad Nazir , Shah Farhad Ali , liaqat Saima , khan Wajid , Din Taj-Ud- , Muhammad Muhammad , Aziz Fariha , Din Nisar Ud 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The current study was aimed to pinpoint the prevalence of tinea infection causing pathogens, comparative study of commercial antifungal drugs and traditional herbs against two fungal species Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from dermatophytosis patients in Swat. A total of 190 samples were collected from skin, nails and hairs of infected peoples in different hospitals and private medical facilities. The samples were cultured on potato dextrose medium, labelled carefully and incubated. Moreover, the growths were observed under microscope and species were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics. A total of 12 different fungal species were isolated. Among all T. rubrum specie was recorded with high percentage 25%, followed by Candida (19.4%) and Penicillium spp (16.6%). The minimum rate was recorded for Aureobasidium pullans, Epidermphyton floccosum, Trichophyton basicola, T. verrucosum, T. tonsurans and T. tonsultans with 2.78% each. A total of six anti-fungal were examined in which fluconazloe and clotrimazole showed best results against T. rubrum and A. fumigatus. A total of eight traditional herbs were studied against T. rubrum and A. fumigatus. Ethyl acetate extract showed best results against both species followed by methanol extract. n Hexane extract was found less effective. The study concluded that fluconazole, clotrimazole and Ethyl acetate extract of medicinal plants were more effective against T. rubrum and A. fumigatus.
Metaheuristic hybrid deep learning-based channel estimation and precoding for millimeter-wave massive MIMO system
Authors: Shailender Shailender , Khera Shelej , Singh Sajjan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In mm-wave massive MIMO systems, the inefficiency of the digital or analogue precoders necessitates that each antenna has its own radio frequency chain. From this standpoint, a method of hybrid precoding that is economically viable has been devised. Digital beamformers are used for controlling antenna elements using short-dimensional precoding. From this standpoint, a method of hybrid precoding that is economically viable has been devised. During the channel estimation phase, we propose using deep recurrent convolutional neural networks (Deep RCNNs). Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) and Tuna Swarm Optimization (TSO) algorithms are combined in a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm to improve Deep RCNN's channel estimation efficiency. O-BiLSTM, or optimised bidirectional long short-term memory, is utilised by hybrid precoding in order to execute the optimal precode across the anticipated channel. In relation to spectral efficiency and normalised mean square error (NMSE), the enhanced channel estimation approach surpasses the existing schemes through the implementation of Deep RCNN. The spectrum efficacy of the O-BiLSTM hybrid precoder design method is observed to be superior when compared to alternative approaches.
Accuracy and efficacy of artificial intelligence-derived automatic measurements of transthoracic echocardiography in routine clinical practice
Authors: Shiokawa Noriko , Izumo Masaki , Shimamura Toshio , Kurosaka Yui , Sato Yukio , Okamura Takanori , Akashi Yoshihiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the gold standard modality for evaluating cardiac morphology, function, and hemodynamics in clinical practice. While Artificial Intelligence (AI) is expected to contribute to improved test accuracy and is being applied clinically, its impact on daily clinical practice has not been fully evaluated.
Methods
We retrospectively examined 30 consecutive patients who underwent TTE at a single institution. All patients underwent manual and automatic measurements of TTE parameters using the AI-equipped TTE. Measurements were performed by three sonographers with varying experience levels: beginner, intermediate, and expert.
Results
A comparison between manual and automatic measurements assessed by the experts showed extremely high agreement in the left ventricular (LV) filling velocities (E wave: r = 0.998, A wave: r = 0.996; both p < 0.001). Automated measurements of LV end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters were slightly smaller (-2.41mm, and − 1.19mm) than the manual measurements, although without significant differences and both methods showing high agreement (r = 0.942 and 0.977, both p < 0.001). However, LV wall thickness showed low agreement between automated and manual measurements (septum: r = 0.670, posterior: r = 0.561; both p < 0.01), with automated measurements tending to be larger. Regarding interobserver variabilities, statistically significant agreement was observed between the measurements of experts and intermediate and beginner sonographers for all measurements. In terms of measurement time, automatic measurement significantly reduced measurement time compared to manual measurement (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that automated measurement using AI in routine clinical TTE may be highly consistent with conventional manual measurement and could reduce interobserver variabilities and measurement time.
Study on The Stability and Experimental Study of Non-uniform Allowance Chattering of Thin-Walled Parts Based on ɛ Influence Factor
Authors: Wu Yan , Han ShiZhan , Liu Xvhui , Zheng Gang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aiming at the chattering problem generated in the machining process of thin-walled parts with complex curved surfaces, a process optimization strategy based on the non-uniform allowance of ɛ influence factor is proposed from the finishing margin with the goal of simplicity and practicality. Firstly, the machining allowance is planned using the ɛ influence factor, and then the theoretical evaluation of the chattering stability of milling operations for uniform allowance blades and nonuniform allowance blades based on the ɛ influence factor by semi-discrete time-domain analysis is carried out and compared, and the results show that the stabilizing region of the optional spindle speed and depth of cut is increased by about 50%, thus effectively improving the productivity. Finally, through the test machining of the whole impeller and the surface contour inspection of the whole impeller, it is verified that the process optimization strategy based on the non-uniform allowance of ɛ influence factor has an obvious effect on the suppression of chattering, which is instructive for the machining and manufacturing of thin-walled parts with complex curved surfaces.
Hydrogen sulfide alleviates neural degeneration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats probably through reducing oxidative stress and aldose reductase expression
Authors: Shen# Wenqi , Hu# Yanyun , Zhang Xiaoyan , Hu Tingyu , Wang Xin , Lu Junxi , Lu Huijuan , Liu Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. In this study, we investigated the potential role of H2S as a novel therapy for DPN in diabetic rats.
Method
All the rats were divided into non-diabetic control group(n = 10), diabetic control group (n = 10) and H2S treated diabetic group (n = 10). A single dose of streptozotocin (60mg/kg) was applied to the rats for the diabetic models. Sodium bisulfide (50µmol/kg/d) was intraperitoneally injected daily for 2 weeks as H2S treatment. Biochemical assay, electromyogram, hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, transmission electron microscopy, western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were then performed.
Results
H2S treatment did not affect the body weight, blood glucose levels or liver and kidney function in diabetic rats. Cell atrophy and axon degeneration of sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in diabetic rats were relieved after H2S treatment through observation of light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase levels in serum and superoxide dismutase2 in sciatic nerve of diabetic rats were lower than non-diabetic rats, but restored obviously after H2S treatment. Serum and sciatic nerve homogenate malondialdehyde and aldose reductase expression were obviously higher in diabetic rats, but decreased significantly after H2S treatment. Finally, the sciatic nerve conduction velocity of diabetic rats improved after H2S treatment compared with diabetic control group, however without statistical significance.
Conclusions
Our study revealed that H2S alleviates neural degeneration in diabetic rats probably through reducing oxidative stress and downregulating aldose reductase expression.
Self-Supporting Nanosheet Electrode for Efficient Oxygen Evolution in a Wide pH Range: Engineering Electronic Structure of Co 3 O 4 by Fe Doping
Authors: Cheng Xiaobo , Han Ningning , He Guangli , Xu Zhuang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Developing low-cost and efficient non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great significance for large-scale application of water electrolysis technology. Herein, we present a facile and scalable one-step pyrolysis strategy to fabricate a self-supporting nanosheet electrode involving Fe-doped Co3O4 catalyst (Fe-Co3O4) in-situ grown on carbon paper for efficient and durable OER catalysis in both alkaline and acidic electrolyte. Results show that doping Fe induces the formation of uniform a nanosheet-like morphology with larger specific surface area that facilitates the full exposure of active sites with accessible contact with electrolyte. Electrochemical test results show that the obtained Fe-Co3O4 exhibits superior activity and high stability for OER catalysis in wide pH range, showing the low overpotentials of 263 and 295 mV in 1.0 M KOH and in 0.5 M H2SO4, respectively, outperforming commercial IrO2, and also exhibiting outstanding electrochemical stability up to 420 h in 1.0 M KOH and 15 h in 0.5 M H2SO4 at 10 mA cm− 2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and DFT theoretical calculations reveal that doping Fe modifies the electronic structure of Co3O4 by decreasing the valence state of Co, which upwards d band center of Co site and then promotes adsorption intensity of oxygen intermediates, leading to an enhanced OER activity. Furthermore, doping Fe also increases the cobalt vacancy formation energy in Fe-Co3O4, which inhibits the thermodynamics of Co dissolution, thus improving the structural stability during OER catalysis. This work provides a new insight into the design of high-performance of Co3O4-based non-precious electrocatalysts in both alkaline and acidic electrolyte for large-scale application of water electrolysis.
Evaluation of fish habitat suitability based on stream hydrodynamics and water quality using SWAT and HEC-RAS linked models
Authors: Park Jinseok , Jang Seongju , Lee Hyeokjin , Gou Jaejun , Song Inhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate fish habitat suitability by simulating hydrodynamic and water quality factors using integration model of SWAT and HEC-RAS models considering time-series analysis. The 2.9 km reach of the Bokha stream was selected for the habitat evaluation of Zacco platypus, a dominant fish species of the stream reach. Streamflow and water quality at stream inlet were simulated with the SWAT model and subsequent cross-sectional stream velocity and water depth along with water temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) were estimated using the HEC-RAS. The linked model was calibrated and validated for the 10 years period from 2013 to 2022. The aquatic habitat was assessed using the weighted usable area (WUA) and time-series analysis was conducted considering the continuity of stream habitat. Overall, SWAT and HEC-RAS simulation accuracy were evaluated as satisfactory or higher in all habitat influence indicators. High water temperature appeared to be the most influential habitat indicator of which impact was particularly pronounced in shallow streamflow areas during hot summer seasons. The time-series analysis identified a 28% threshold of WUA/WUAmax, equivalent to a streamflow of 0.48 m³/s, as the minimum ecological streamflow to mitigate the impact of water temperature rise. The proposed method by linking watershed-stream models could serve as a useful tool for ecological stream management.