bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer’s Price Sensitivity and Shrinkflation Strategy as A Trailblazer of Chocolate Market
Authors: Dr. P B Banudevi Arathy Joshy, 
Published: February 2024

The chocolate industry is a multifaceted and constantly evolving landscape in which price sensitivity and shrinkflation are paramount in determining sales and profitability. This article sheds light on how changes are marked and prices are adjusted to cater to the discerning tastes of modern-day consumers. Examining new pricing strategies, product innovation, and branding gives an in-depth analysis of recent trends shaping this exciting industry. Therefore chocolate manufacturers need to consider the impact of marking changes on the market and consumer behaviour. The sample size of the study is 100, out of which 4 questionnaires are incomplete. Hence, the sample size of the study is 96, and the sample units are the consumers of chocolates in Kerala. the sample is large and widespread, a purposive sampling method is adopted. In this study, ANOVA, Multiple comparisons, and Chi–square tests are applied and tested. Shrinkflation marketing is one of the untouched areas by the researchers. It is vital to understand the way consumers behave on price sensitivity and do they accept package downsizing. This research aims to uncover how packaging and portion size alterations impact consumer behavior and preferences, to provide a deeper understanding of consumer psychology, which can have a big impact on how consumers perceive value. The effect of marking modifications on the market and customer behaviour must therefore be taken into account by chocolate manufacturers.
Upaya Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Pancadhamma Dengan Menggunakan Metode Discovery Learning (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 02 Keling Jepara)
Authors: Pijimulyati Mita , Widodo Urip , Hatmono Prihadi Dwi 
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri (SMP N) 02 Keling Jepara. Subjek Penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII yang berjumlah 6 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan:Lembar Observasi, Wawancara, Soal. Selain itu untuk mengontrol kegiatan pembelajaran digunakan beberapa instrumen yaitu: Lembar observasi, Pedoman wawancara, dan Soal test. Sedangkan analisis data digunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa:pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode discovery learning dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa pada materi Pancadhamma.Proses pembelajaran siklus I mendapatkan presentase 50% mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II presentase menjadi 100%. Metode discovery learning dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa dan siswa mencapai nilai kriteria ketuntasan minimal.Kelebihan menggunakan metode discovery learning yaitu menambah siswa menjadi aktif dan bersemangat dalam mengikuti pembelajaran, sedangkan kekurangannya yaitu tidak semua topik pembelajaran dapat menggunakan metode discovery learning.
EVALUASI KEMAMPUAN BELAJAR MEMBACA SISWA KELAS 2 DI SD N 6 WONOGIRI
Authors: Wulandari Vemia 
Published: February 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pembelajaran membacapermulaan Bahasa Indonesia di kelas II SD N 6 Wonogiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode evaluasi deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi wawancara dengan guru dan siswa, observasi terhadap kegiatan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi pembelajaran membaca permulaan di sekolah tersebut menggunakan evaluasi hasil yang terdiri dari evaluasi formatif dan sumatif. Evaluasi formatif dilakukan melalui tes lisan, sedangkan evaluasi sumatif dilakukan melalui tes objektif. Evaluasi proses dilakukan untuk meninjau perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pengelolaan proses pembelajaran. Evaluasi perkembangan membaca siswa terbagi menjadi evaluasi proses dan evaluasi produk. Evaluasi hasil belajar meliputi aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran tentang evaluasi pembelajaran membaca permulaan di kelas II SD N 6 Wonogiri dan dapat menjadi dasar untuk perbaikan proses pembelajaran membaca di sekolah tersebut.
Kata Kunci : Evaluasi, Membaca Permulaan, Kelas II SD N 6 Wonogiri
DAMPAK DARI JUDI ONLINE TERHADAP MASA DEPAN PEMUDA, DESA AIR BULUH KEC.IPUH KAB.MUKOMUKO PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Agif Septia Meswari  , Matnur Ritonga  
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana sikap remaja terhadap dampak negatif kebiasaan bermain judi online dilihat dari aspek moral dan hukum di desa air buluh kec.ipuh kab.mukomuko provinsi Bengkulu, Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode asosiatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket, teknik dokumentasi, studi kepustakaan dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa sikap remaja tentang menyenangi/membenci adalah 5 responden (50%) masuk dalam kategori setuju. Sikap remaja tentang mendekati/ menjauhi adalah 4 responden (40%) masuk dalam kategori kurang setuju. Sikap remaja tentang menerima/menolak adalah 5 responden (50%) masuk dalam kategori setuju.
Dampak negatif kebiasaan bermain judi online tentang penyimpangan perilaku yang bersifat amoral adalah 5 responden (50%) masuk dalam kategori tidak setuju. Dampak negatif kebiasaan bermain judi online tentang penyimpangan perilaku yang melanggar hukum adalah 5 responden (50%) masuk dalam kategori kurang setuju. Sikap remaja terhadap dampak negatif kebiasaan bermain judi online menyatakan setuju bahwa hampir 50% remaja yang bermain judi secara online akan mengalami penyimpangan perilaku yang melanggar moral dan hukum. Hal ini tampak dari responden yang tidak menaati hukum / peraturan dalam hidupnya, baik dilingkungan keluarga dan masyarakat. Selain itu, mereka tidak memiliki kesadaran diri dalam mengontrol sikap dan jika diteruskan maka pada akhirnya mereka akan merasakan dan menyadari bahwa judi online membawa dampak negatif yang buruk bagi kehidupanya.
The Sedimentary Phase that Initiated the Concentrating of Gold
Ores, Matachewan-Kirkland Lake-Larder Lake Area, Ontario,
Canada
Authors: Lovell H. L. , Guindon D. L. , Robinson D. R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Matachewan-Kirkland Lake-Larder Lake gold-copper-ironasbestos-barite mining district is situated in Late Archean rocks of the Canadian Precambrian Shield’s Superior Province, -Abitibi sub-province, southwestern part. The structural setting seems to be comparable to Nevada’s Carlin-Battle Mountain “Basin and Range” zone. Prior to modification and in some places up-grading by both tectonically-induced migration and (or) the metasomatic and heatpump effects of later mafic flows and felsic intrusions, a sedimentary phase was essential. Referring to Archean gold deposits in Australia, Tomich (1990) noted that the successful search for new gold ores requires a stratigraphic approach with a structural approach as a secondary adjunct (i.e. the reverse of present practice). A sedimentary phase initiated the accumulation of what has become the Matachewan-Kirkland Lake-Larder Lake and other similar gold ores. The purpose of the following text is to describe this sedimentary protore-generating phase.
The total amount of gold produced from the 100 km-long Matachewan-Kirkland Lake-Larder Lake mining district, from approximately the beginning in 1910 until 1990, was more than 37 million Troy ounces. Most production was selectively mined so that the historical average grade (and in some cases the cut-off grade!) is almost 1/3 of a Troy ounce per short ton (about 10 grams per metric tonne). Among large Canadian gold mining districts this grade is exceeded only by the Northwest Territories (predominantly Yellowknife) and Ontario's Red Lake, and this production only by the Porcupine (Timmins).
In with the Old
Authors: Millington Rob 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
At the turn of the millennium, the United Nations (UN) sought a renewed and more broadly defined approach to development. As part of these efforts, the UN began to incorporate sport within official development policies and apparatuses, including the Millennium Development Goals and the United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace. Drawing upon primary research conducted at the United Nations archives, this article seeks to address a gap in the literature pertaining to the history of sport and development by exploring the UN's use of sport for development since its formation in the 1940s. In highlighting the use of sport in post–World War II reconstruction, decolonization, and peace-building, this article helps to illustrate a much longer history of sport for development within the UN and demonstrates how sport has long been connected to dominant development theories and practices.
Conservative management of an early abdominal complication during a Tullio percutaneous endoscopic excision of renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Bernabei Massimiliano , Fabbri Nicolò , Romeo Danila , Paiolo Elisa , Bandi Martina , Simone Maurizio 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) representing only a small fraction of all urothelial tumors. It predominantly affects the renal pelvis in men, often coexisting with bladder carcinoma. UTUC displays a more aggressive genetic profile compared to bladder neoplasms, with the majority of patients presenting with advanced disease. Histologically, about a quarter of UTUC cases exhibit high-grade subtypes, associated with a worse prognosis. Tobacco use and past exposure to aromatic amines are significant risk factors for UTUC. Imaging modalities such as Uro-computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging play crucial roles in diagnosis. Ureterorenoscopy is vital for direct visualization and biopsy sampling, but its limited sampling capacity presents challenges in determining tumor depth and staging. Traditionally, nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision has been the gold-standard treatment for UTUC. Endoscopic conservative treatment has recently emerged as a viable option for selected patients, offering comparable oncological outcomes to radical surgery. Percutaneous access is also feasible for larger intrarenal tumors.
CASE SUMMARY
We present a case of an 84-year-old woman who underwent percutaneous endoscopic excision of a renal pelvis neoplasm using the Tullio laser. Despite successful tumor removal, the patient experienced a postoperative complication with abdominal fluid leakage. Conservative management effectively resolved the complication. Given the patient's age and refusal for radical surgery, the conservative approach proved to be a valid therapeutic choice.
CONCLUSION
Overall, UTUC remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its rarity. However, advances in endoscopic and percutaneous techniques provide valuable alternatives for selected patients, warranting further exploration in this evolving field.
Molecular Genetic Basis of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Asotic Anida , Doric Mirsad 
Published: February 2024

Background: Cervical cancer is a cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix–the lower part of the uterus that connects it to the vagina and represents a global public health problem. In 2008, 530,000 new cases and 275,000 deaths from cervical cancer were recorded worldwide, and in 2018, an increase to 570,000 new cases and 311,000 deaths was recorded. For many years, it has been known that the main cause of preinvasive lesions and cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus–HPV. The total prevalence of HPV in the cervix in the general population of women is 10%. In developing countries, this prevalence is higher and describe most frequent clinical manifestations in the praxis. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze and describe molecular genetic basis of cervical cancer and the most frequent clinical manifestations in the praxis. Methods: This is cross-sectional study based on meta-analysis of the facts published in scientific literature stored in indexed databases Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, Hinari, etc., about molecular genetic basis of the cervical cancer with description of clinical manifestations and its consequences describing morbidity and mortality rate in the population worldwide. Results and Discussion: In 2008, 530,000 new cases and 275,000 deaths from cervical cancer were recorded worldwide, and in 2018, an increase to 570,000 new cases and 311,000 deaths was recorded. The main cause of preinvasive lesions and cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus–HPV. HPV infection is most common in young, sexually active women under the age of 25, but cervical cancer is more common in older women. Oncogenic types of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 together with HPV 45 and 31 are the causative agents of 80% of cervical cancer cases. HPV 16 has the highest oncogenic potential. Epigenetic changes include DNA methylation and post-translational modifications of histones, such as: methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination and sumoylation. Cervical intraepithelial (CIN / SIL) lesion is a premalignant change of the cervix that occurs due to chronic infection with high-risk types of HPV. Persistent infection with oncogenic types of HPV causes almost all cases of cancer. HPV DNA was detected in 99.7% of cancer samples. Conclusion: There are four main steps in the development of cervical cancer: infection of the metaplastic epithelium of the transformation zone, viral persistence, progression towards precancerous lesions and invasion of the basement membrane. Histologically, in about 80% of cases, squamous cell carcinomas arise from preexisting dysplasias. Adenocarcinoma accounts for about 15-20% of cancer cases. HPV 16 is the main cause of squamous cell carcinoma, unlike HPV 18 which is typically associated with adenocarcinoma.
2023/27 The obligation to record working time in the light of European and national (German) case law – Part 2 (GE)
Authors: Schreiner Paul , Stephan Nina 
Published: February 2024

2023/27 The obligation to record working time in the light of European and national (German) case law – Part 2 (GE)
This article deals with the aftermath of the ECJ’s CCOO judgment (14 May 2019, C-55/18), which has been a major issue in various EU jurisdictions. The article consists of two parts. This second part discusses some particular consequences in Germany.
Formas de tratamento do Lúpus eritematoso sistêmico: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: De Paiva Maykon Jhuly Martins , Cubas Alice Munhoz , Pereira Júnior Cledson Almeida , Almeida Cleisla Maria de Lima , Feitosa Isadora Carvalho , Da Silva Luana Teixeira , Dos Santos Taides Tavares 
Published: February 2024

Introdução: O Lúpus eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) se caracteriza como uma doença autoimune, causando processos inflamatórios em órgãos de vários sistemas, os quais se manifestam como lesões erosivas pelo corpo, além de cansaço, edemas, dores, fadiga, entre outros. Ademais, o diagnóstico é sintomático e por exames de apoio, como o teste de FAN. Metodologia: Nessa égide, esta revisão de literatura integrativa tem como objetivo realizar uma busca de fármacos utilizados no tratamento do LES, bem como identificar os principais tipos utilizados, os princípios ativos e seus efeitos em pacientes com LES. Resultados: Outrossim, os resultados partiram de um apanhado de estudos, que foram selecionados por meio de critérios de exclusão e inclusão nas bases de dados, dos quais restaram 20 artigos. Nesse sentido, em relação aos segmentos para o tratamento do LES, foram encontrados medicamentos como anti-inflamatórios não esteróides e anti-reumáticos, assim como outras terapias biológicas, como fitoterapia e suplementação, com propósitos de prevenção, entre outros. Conclusão: Por fim, conclui-se que as pesquisas a respeito de formas de tratamento para o LES já apresentam vários resultados promissores. Entretanto, se faz necessário novas buscas para meios farmacêuticos de tratamento e manejo clínico para essa doença.
Influence of Minimal Residual Disease at Day 15 of Induction Therapy on Survival of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Samardžić-Predojević Jelica , Đurđević-Banjac Biljana , Malčić-Zanić Dragana 
Published: February 2024

Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of minimal residual disease (MRD) on day 15 of induction therapy (d15) on the treatment outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Materials and Methods. The study included 74 patients (1-18 years) with ALL, who were treated at the Pediatric Clinic of the University Clinical Center Banja Luka from January 2011 to May 2021. All patients were treated according to ALL IC-BFM 2009 protocol. MRD on bone mar- row was assessed d15, using the multiparameter flow cytometry method (FCM).
Results. Of all, 59.46% of patients had MRD d15 0.1−10%, MRD<0.1% had 18.92% of patients, and 21.62% had MRD >10%. Patients with the lowest MRD had the highest 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (89.5% and 91% respectively) and the lowest cumulative risk for relapse or death (9.7% and 8.1%), in contrast to patients with MRD>10% in whom OS was 80.0%, and the risk of recurrence is 20%. Predicted MRD d15 was significantly associated with prednisone response assessed in the peripheral blood on day 8 (P<0.001) and statistically significantly positive correlation (r=0.498; P<0.001) was found.
Conclusion. MRD measurement d15 has a great prognostic significance for patients in the standard and high risk groups, but not for patients in the intermediate risk group. The introduction of additional testing is necessary for better identification of patients with an increased risk of disease recurrence.
ANALYSIS OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION OF BAMBOO HARVESTING LAND BOUNDARIES IN GOLEWA DISTRICT, NGADA REGENCY, EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE
Authors: Yohanes C. Kolo Meko  , Maria M. E Purnama  , Pamona Sinaga  
Published: February 2024

Dalam pemanfaatan bambu di pedesaan terdapat beberapa kendala yang dihadapi baik itu dalam proses pembibitan, pemeliharaan,pemanenan hingga pemasaran, kendala yang terjadi pada pemanenan adalah masalah penebangan yak tak ideal serta masalah konflik tapal batas lahan pemanenan bambu. Berdasarkan observasi yang telah dilakukan di 16 desa yang berada di wilayah administratif Kecamatan Golewa ditemukan lima kasus yang terletak di empat desa yang berbeda yaitu : Desa Ratogesa, Desa Dadawea, Desa Radabags dan Desa Were Iv, masalah yang serupa yaitu sering kali pemanen, memotong bambu melewati batas lahan sehingga masuk ke lahan milik orang lain sehingga hal ini memicu konflik. Dinamika dalam penyelesaian konflik masih bersifat rancu dan cenderung berlarut – larut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penyeban konflik, mekanisme penyelesaian konflik serta dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh konflik tapal batas. Penentuan responden menggunakan metode Snowball Sampling (bola salju) dengan jumlah 8 responden, analisis data menggunakan Metode Rapid Land Tenure Assesment (RaTA). Penyebab terjadinya konflik adalah penentuan letak batas yang umumnya bersifat rancu yakni menggunakan tanaman gose ngusu (tanaman penunjuk batas khas masyarakat kabupaten Ngada), serta pertumbuhan rumpun bambu yang masuk ke lahan milik orang lain. Mekanisme penyelesaian yang terlihat pada ke lima kasus adalah metode resolusi konflik pengaturan sendiri dan pola penyelesaian konflik dengan intervensi pihak ketiga dengan mempunyai pola yang khas yaitu penyelesaian konflik sendiri dengan pola kompetisi (competing) dan kompromi serta pengadilan perdata dan alternative dispute resolution (ADR) serta memiliki dampak positif dan negatif pasca konflik
Experimental Investigations on Advancements of Aluminum Alloys with Friction Stir Process
Authors: Shaik Bazani , Muralidhara Rao M. , Harinath Gowd G. , Durga Prasad B. , Ranga J. 
Published: February 2024

Friction stir processing is a very promising method widely joining varieties of metals in other relatively marine, shipbuilding, automotive industries, aeronautical, and heavy machinery industries due to the following advantages, such as, low porosity, less tendency to cracking, and fewer defects. Research investigates the mechanical properties for input parameters such as welding speed, rotational speed, tilt angle, and axial force, and output parameters such as tensile strength, microhardness on advancements of aluminum alloys by using friction stir processing based on cost. Taguchi L9 used for the carrying research on experiments with trailing on parent materials in different ranges of input responses on welding speed is 60 mm/min, rotational speed 1250 rpm, tilt angle 3°, and axial force of 12 KN output responses tensile strength are 167 MPa measured on the basis of ASTM on specimens and analysis for carrying and using design of experiments and mathematical modeling, the relations with empirical process useful for the development for automated design.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Terpadu Model Webbed Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Damayanti Putri Surya , Pujiarti Titi , Srirahmawati Ija 
Published: February 2024

Pembelajaran terpadu model Webbed yang dapat digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran terpadu model Webbed terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar. Menggunakan metode pre-eksperimen dengan desain one-grup pre-test-posttest. Subyek penelitian ini yakni siswa kelas IV SDN Inpres Sambitangga yang berjumlah 19 orang, terdiri dari 10 laki-laki dan 9 perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar tes dan lembar observasi. Tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dilakukan dengan dua tahap: pretest dan posttest. Dari penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada pretest adalah 72 dan posttest adalah 88. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS 26 for windows dengan uji Paired Sample t-test pada α (0,05), diperoleh nilai sig 0,018 < α (0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pretest dan posttest. Selanjutnya diperoleh nilai N-gain sebesar 0.561 (kategori sedang). Hal ini berarti terdapat pengaruh penggunaan pembelajaran terpadu model Webbed terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan.
Leave or Stay in Homeland
Authors: Bilić Marko , Bilić Andrijana 
Published: February 2024

A short article by Marko and Andrijana Bilić about common doubts of young people in Serbia.
Serbia is a small country with the highest rates of youth emigration in the Western Balkans. Since we are young people ourselves, we are aware of the question that is constantly imposed on young people - Leave or stay in the homeland? This confusion led us to compile a list of reasons in favor of leaving and staying in the country. If you are someone who is troubled by the same questions, maybe our perspective will help you make a decision.