bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and Antibiogram Profile of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Isolated from Two Abattoir Settings in Northwest Ethiopia: A One Health Perspective
Authors: Abey Solomon Lulie , Teka Mersha , Bitew Abebe Belete , Molla Wassie , Ejo Mebrat , Dagnaw Gashaw Getaneh , Adugna Takele , Nigatu Seleshe , Mengistu Bemrew Admassu , kinde Mebrie Zemene , Berju Adugna , Belete Mequanint Addisu , Temesgen Wudu , Dagnachew Shimelis , Tesema Tesfaye Sisay 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a zoonotic pathogen that contaminates abattoir workers, slaughter environments, slaughter equipment, and carcasses during abattoir processing. Infection with E. coli is associated with the consumption of contaminated food and water, and it is a potential threat to the health and welfare of both humans and animals. Hence, this study aimed to detect diarrheagenic E. coli and assess its antimicrobial profile in two abattoir settings, in one health lens.
Methods
A cross-sectional study in one health approach was conducted from December 2020 to June 2021. The samples include swabs from abattoir workers’ hands, carcasses, and knives, as well as samples of cattle feces, abattoir water and effluents. A total of 384 samples were collected. Bacterial culture and biochemical tests were conducted to isolate E. coli, while conventional polymerase chain reaction was performed to identify virulence genes. The antibiogram of diarrheagenic E. coli was tested against nine antimicrobials using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method.
Results
a total of 115 (29.95%) E. coli were isolated from the 384 samples, and about 17 (14.8%) were confirmed to be diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC). From the DEC, nine (52.94%), five (29.4%), and three (17.65%) were Shiga toxin-producing, enterohemorrhagic, and enterotoxigenic E. coli, respectively. Among the DEC pathotypes, 14 (82.35%) isolates harbored the Stx2 gene, five (29.41%) the eae gene, five (29.41%) the hlyA gene and three (17.65%) harbored the st gene. All the DEC isolates were resistant to erythromycin and vancomycin; whereas, all were susceptible to ampicillin, nalidixic acid and norfloxacin. Furthermore, 64.7% of DEC isolates showed resistance to both ceftazidime and kanamycin and 88.24% of the isolates showed multidrug resistance.
Conclusion
This study detected DEC isolates having different virulence genes, which showed single and multiple antimicrobial resistance. Given the existing poor hygienic and sanitary practices along the abattoir-to-table food chain, coupled with the habit of raw meat consumption, this result indicates a potential public and animal health risk from the pathogen and AMR.
Relationships between fault friction, slip time, and physical parameters explored by experiment-based friction model: A Machine Learning Approach Using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs)
Authors: UHMB Tae-hoon , Hamada Yohei , Hirose Takehiro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Understanding the relationship between fault friction and physical parameters is crucial for comprehending earthquake physics. Despite various friction models developed to explain this relationship, representing the relationships in a friction model with greater detail remains a challenge due to intricate correlations, including the nonlinear interplay between physical parameters and friction. Here we develop new models to define the relationship between various physical parameters (slip velocity, axial displacement, temperature, rate of temperature, and rate of axial displacement), friction coefficient, and slip time. The models are established by utilizing Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to analyze continuous data in high-velocity rotary shear experiments (HVR), as reported by previous work. The experiment has been conducted on diorite specimens at a constant slip velocity (0.004 m/s) in various normal stress (0.3-5.8 MPa). At this conditions, frictional heating occurs inevitably at the sliding surface, reaching temperature up to 68˚C. We first identified the optimal model by assessing its accuracy in relation to the time interval for defining friction. Following this, we explored the relationship between friction and physical parameters with varying slip time and conditions by analyzing the gradient importance of physical parameters within the identified model. Our results demonstrate that the importance of physical parameters continuously shifts over slip time and conditions, and temperature stands out as the most influential parameter affecting fault friction under slip conditions of this study accompanied by frictional heating. Our study demonstrates the potential of deep learning analysis in enhancing our understanding of complex frictional processes, contributing to the development of more refined friction models and improving predictive models for earthquake physics.
Italian ryegrass desiccation periods on corn performance: is growth inhibition due to the release of plant allelochemicals or nitrogen immobilization?
Authors: Marchese José Abramo , Trezzi Michelangelo M. , Scariotto Silvia , Pagnoncelli Fortunato B. , Brusamarello Antonio P. , Salomão Helis M. , Adami Paulo F. , Sartor Laércio R. , Oldoni Tatiane L.C. , Rogers Craig D. , Junior Marcus V. Talamini 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There are contradictions among researchers and farmers about the best time between Italian ryegrass desiccation and corn sowing. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate: the effects of different desiccation periods of annual Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and nitrogen fertilization management on corn development; and to determine whether growth inhibition is due to the release of plant allelochemicals or nitrogen immobilization. The results indicated that the presence of ryegrass straw caused a corn yield reduction of approximately 2,128 kg ha-1. Corn seed germination speed and germinability were not significantly different for the aqueous ryegrass extracts collected 15 and 30 days after desiccation, regardless of their concentration. Corn seedling coleoptile length, when subjected to increasing concentrations of ryegrass extract, was reduced by approximately 230 and 320% reduction in comparison with the control. Epicatechin and caffeic acid were identified in ryegrass root and shoot extracts, these substances are known to have an allelopathic effect. Our results showed that Italian ryegrass desiccation periods of less than 30 days before corn sowing had affected the germination and emergence of corn, due to nitrogen immobilization and allelopathic influences of caffeic acid and epicatechin, released as residues decomposed. These resulted in corn plants with a shorter stature at the beginning of their development and decreased grain yield. From this, it can be concluded that nitrogen management on the day of sowing and desiccation 30 days before corn planting can prevent the negative effects of Italian ryegrass on corn development and yield.
The Distance-Decay Law and Circular Differentiation Structure of Coach Transportation Connections from Megacities — Beijing as an Example
Authors: Bo Ai , Wang Chengjin , Gou Yichao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The distance-decay law is a foundational and essential rule in the formation and evolution of regional spatial structure. In this paper, the Beijing coach transportation timetable is used to identify the parameter changes and circular structure of the distance-decay law of the overall passenger transportation connections. The distance-decay law and circular structure are discussed in depth based on the hierarchy of nodes and the directional differentiation of transport corridors. In addition, the spatial pattern and distance-decay pattern of passenger transportation connections in megacities are summarized. We found that with an extension of distance, the variation of passenger transportation connections from megacities presents a periodic fluctuation structure, in which peak concentration forms three stages: the growing stage, sharply decreasing stage, and steady stage; and the wave trough coverage presents two stages: continuous stage and discrete stage. The space of passenger interaction from megacities can be divided into five geographical circles. With 35 km and 2625 km as boundaries, the passenger-interaction space forms three circles: the public transport circle, coach circle, and railway aviation circle. With 175 km and 735 km as boundaries, the coach transportation space is further divided into three circles due to the differentiation of distance-decay characteristics. The spatial embeddedness of nodes changes the socio-economic connotation, the depth of space and density of passenger transportation connections in the circle. The trunk and branch structure and corridor nature of the transportation network cause regional heterogeneity in distance decay, generating differences in refinement characteristics such as amplitude differentiation, threshold moving, circle separation, and circle merging. This paper reveals the spatial and geographical response pattern of spatial interactions from megacities to distance, which can provide a theoretical basis for megacities and regions to optimally perform the hub-leading role, build cooperation networks, and configure infrastructure systems.
Effects of a Competitive Season on the Plasma Lipid Profile of Soccer Players
Authors: My Giulia , Marsigliante Santo , Selmi Okba , Hawani Aymen , MUSCELLA Antonella 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a soccer season period on the lipid parameters of professional soccer players. Eighty-seven soccer players participated in the study.
Methods
Blood for determination of lipid profiles was obtained before the beginning of the training period (T0), just after the 4-week training period (T1), at the middle of the season (T2, after 23 weeks from T0), and at the end of the season (T3, after 43 weeks from T0).
Results
During the competitive season, a significant decrease in BMI and in the percentage of body fat and an increase in fat-free mass was observed. The plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC) (in T0: 172.85 ± 22.7, in T3: 154.70 ± 20.3 mg/dl, p = 0.004) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (in T0: 106.87 ± 22.7 mg/dl, in T3: 91.06 ± 20.5mg/dl, p = 0.001) significantly decreased, whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations increased significantly in response to training (in T0: 56.64 ± 10.3 in T3: 63.69 ± 10.7 mg/dl, p = 0.005). Furthermore, the soccer season period significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) levels (in T0: 159.19 ± 38.2, in T1 137.63 ± 34.2 mg/dl, p < 0.0001) as well as TC/HDL ratio (in T0: 3.14 ± 0,6, in T3: 137.63 ± 34.2 mg/dl, p < 0.0001).
Conclusions
the decrement of LDL, TC, and TG, as well as the increment of HDL in soccer players at the end of the season, may suggest a beneficial effect of regular soccer training on atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease risk as well.
Rapid and prolonged response of oligodendrocyte lineage cells in standard acute cuprizone demyelination model revealed by in situ hybridization
Authors: He Yuehua , Xie Hua , Zhang Liuning , Feng Yuanyu , Long Yu , Xu Zhengtao , Zou Yanping , Zheng Wei , Wang Shuming , He Yongxiang , Li Jiong , Xiao Lin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Dietary administration of a copper chelator, cuprizone (CPZ), has long been reported to induce intense and reproducible demyelination of several brain structures such as the corpus callosum (CC) in mice, followed by spontaneous remyelination after drug withdrawal. Despite the widespread use of CPZ as an animal model for demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), the mechanism by which it induces demyelination and then allows robust remyelination is still unclear. An intensive mapping of the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cell dynamics during the de- and remyelination course would be of particular importance for a deeper understanding of this model. Here, using a panel of OL lineage cell markers as in situ hybridization (ISH) probes, including Pdgfra, Plp, Mbp, Mog, Enpp6, combined with immunofluorescence staining of CC1, SOX10, we provide a detailed dynamic profile of OL lineage cells during the entire course of the model from 3.5 days, 1, 2, 3, 4,5 weeks of CPZ treatment, i.e. the demyelination period, as well as after 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks of recovery (drug withdrawal) from 5 weeks of CPZ treatment, i.e. the remyelination period. The result showed an unexpected early death of mature OLs and response of OL progenitor cells (OPCs) in vivo upon CPZ challenge, and a prolonged upregulation of myelin-forming OLs compared to the intact control even 4 weeks after CPZ withdrawal. These data may point to the need to optimize the timing windows for the introduction of pro-remyelination therapies in demyelinating diseases such as MS, and may serve as a basic reference system for future studies of the effects of any intervention on demyelination and remyelination using the CPZ model.
Caerin 1.1/1.9-mediated antitumor immunity depends on IFNAR-Stat1 signalling of tumour infiltrating macrophage by autocrine of IFNα and is enhanced by CD47 blockade
Authors: Li Junjie , Luo Yuandong , Fu Quanlan , Tang Shuxian , Zhang Pingping , Fanzer Ian H. , Liu Xiaosong , Wang Tianfang , Ni Guoying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy has greatly changed the landscape of cancer therapy; however, only a subset of patients responds to immune checkpoint blockade or to CAR-T based therapy. Previously, we demonstrated that natural host-defence peptide caerin1.1/caerin1.9 (F1/F3) increases the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and therapeutic vaccine, in a HPV16 + TC-1 tumour model, but the anti-tumor mechanism of F1/F3 is still unclear.
Methods
In this study, we explored the impact of F1/F3 on the tumor microenvironment in a transplanted B16 melanoma model, and further investigated the mechanism of action of F1/F3 using monoclonal antibodies to deplete relevant cells, gene knockout mice and flow cytometry.
Results
we show that F1/F3 is able to inhibit the growth of melanoma B16 tumour cells both in vitro and in vivo. Depletion of macrophages, blockade of IFNα receptor, and Stat1 inhibition each abolishes F1/F3-mediated antitumor responses. Subsequent analysis reveals that F1/F3 increases the tumour infiltration of inflammatory macrophages, upregulates the expression of IFNα receptor, and promotes the secretion of IFNα by macrophages. Interestingly, F1/F3 upregulates CD47 expression on tumour cells; and blocking CD47 increases F1/F3-mediated antitumor responses. Furthermore, F1/F3 intratumor injection, CD47 blockade, and therapeutic vaccination significantly increases the survival time of B16 tumour-bearing mice. These results indicate that F1/F3 may be effective to improve the efficacy of ICB and therapeutic vaccine-based immunotherapy for human epithelial cancers and warrants consideration for clinical trials.
Best treatment option for secondary mitral regurgitation surgery: a network meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized controlled studies.
Authors: Nappi Francesco , Salsano Antonio , Dimagli Arnaldo , Santini Francesco , Gambardella IvanCarmine , Ellouze Omar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This study aims to determine whether subvalvular papillary muscle (PMs) repair (SPM-r) plus restrictive mitral valve (MV) annuloplasty (RMA) is the most effective treatment for patients with secondary ischemic mitral regurgitation. A network meta-analysis was conducted to investigate outcomes of randomized controlled trials, propensity-matched studies, and observational studies, comparing various treatments for secondary ischemic mitral regurgitation. The average follow-up duration for late mortality was 4.4 years. CABG without mitral valve surgery had a late mortality incidence of 3.7%. RMA demonstrated a rate of 6.5%, while RMA + CABG resulted in a rate of 4.1%. SPM-r plus RMA ± CABG and MV-rpl + CABG had rates of 4.4% and 5.1%. SUCRA analysis showed that coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was the most effective treatment for reducing late mortality (70.0%). This was followed by SPM-r plus RMA with or without CABG (62.4%). The top strategy for decreasing early death, reoperation, and readmission to the hospital for heart failure is SPM-r plus RMA with or without CABG, based on SUCRA probabilities (84.6%, 85.54%, and 86.3%, respectively). SPM-s plus RMA ± CABG has potential to reduce the risks associated with early mortality, reoperation, and re-hospitalization for heart failure. However, further research is required to substantiate these findings.
Characteristics and Risk Factors of Hypertension among Residents on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Qi Shenggui , Li Li , Wei Kai , Liu Chang , Meng Jian , Huo Chengjuan , Ma Xiaofeng , Gengdeng Gengdeng , Fan Hongguang , Zhu Fangyi , Wang Xiaozhou 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The relationship between blood pressure (BP) and high altitude is still controversial. Few studies have compared the prevalence of hypertension between plateau-native group (PNG) and non-plateau-native group (nPNG) populations at the same altitude. We explored the characteristics and risk factors for hypertension among residents on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
From 2014 to 2019, the blood pressure of 6987 PNG and nPNG ≥ 18 years of age in Qinghai, China, was analyzed. Participants were divided into three groups by altitude: the 2000~2999-meter, 3000~3999-meter and ≥4000-meter groups. The association between altitude and BP was assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The prevalence of hypertension among residents on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was approximately 30.53%. We found a V-shaped association between altitude and blood pressure and an inverted V-shaped association between altitude and the prevalence of sinus bradycardia (SB). Both systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels in the 3000~3999-meter PNG group were lower than those in the nPNG group at the same altitude (P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the hypertension risk factors at high altitudes were age, altitude, body mass index (BMI), abnormal total cholesterol (TC) levels, abnormal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, abnormal hemoglobin levels, alcohol consumption and sinus bradycardia. We concluded that the relationship between hypertension prevalence and altitude among residents living at high altitudes had a V-shaped distribution. Risk factors for hypertension varied with altitude. Participants in the PNG exhibited better adaptation at 3000~3999 meters; at altitudes above 4000 meters, the adaptation advantages of the PNG disappeared.
Assessing Predictive Capability of Selected Bed Load Equations Using Experimental and Flume Data
Authors: Jiten Vankar Jitendrakumar Pravinbhai , Sanjay Sanjay M. Yadav 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Bed load transport in alluvial rivers is the principle link between river hydraulics and river form and is responsible for building and maintaining the channel geometry. Bed load prediction is of primary importance for river engineering, fluvial geomorphology, ecohydrology, environmental surveys & management and hazard prediction. In this study, for bed load transport analysis data sets and experimental data were used. The data sets of Casey, Graf & Suszka, HPY, Mavis, Paintal and MPM were used to compute bed load transport. Experimental work was carried out in advanced hydraulic laboratory in Civil Engineering Department. The bed load was measured for three mixtures. The measured bed load was compared with computed bed load using MPM, Einstein, Soulsby, Van Rijn, Parker, Ashmore and Wong & Parker approaches. The analysis of measured and computed bed load is in good agreement for MPM, Ashmore & Soulsby. At the same time for MPM data set the measured and predicted bed load is in good agreement. For all data sets and experimentally measured bed load Van Rijn approach under predicts the bed load.
Occurrence of vertical bone loss in molar furcation of adult rural population
Authors: Menk Flávia Letícia Bueno , Ferreira Ticiane de Góes Mário , Oliveira Leandro Machado , Liedke Gabriela Salatino , Moreira Carlos Heitor Cunha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to report the occurrence and severity of the vertical subclassification of furcation involvement (FI) in the first and second molars and evaluation of risk indicators associated with vertical bone loss in the furcation area.
Material and methods
This study is nested to a representative sample of individuals who participated in an epidemiologic survey in a rural area of South Brazil. Individuals with at least one first and/or second molar with horizontal furcation involvement class II or III (n = 167) were included. Complete periodontal examinations were performed in six sites per tooth. FI was evaluated with Nabers probe. Periapical radiographs were performed with a digital sensor. Radiograph subclassification of the vertical component of FI was established according to the bone loss until the coronal third of the root (Subclass A), until the medium third (subclass B), or apical third (subclass C).
Results
89 individuals with 139 teeth were evaluated. The maxilla molars showed a higher occurrence of vertical bone loss associated with FI. 48% of these teeth had infrabony defects in the furcation area. Dental plaque, gingival bleeding, Probing deep > 4mm and former and smokers were associated with a greater percentage of the vertical bone loss in the furcation area.
Conclusion
Upper molars showed more occurrence of vertical subclass more severe compared with mandibular molars, which may be associated with poor prognosis for maintenance of these teeth in follow-up. Dental plaque, gingival bleeding, deep pockets and smoker status were associated with more severity in vertical bone loss inside furcation area.
Clinical relevance
: Vertical subclassification defined by periapical radiographs can evaluate residual attachment, prognosis, select appropriate treatment, and personal support needs to retain teeth for a long period after treatment.
STNG (Synthetic Tabular Neural Generator): A Novel and Fully Automated Platform for Synthetic Tabular Data Generation and Validation
Authors: Rashidi Hooman , Albahra Samer , Rubin Brian , Hu Bo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Healthcare data accessibility for machine learning (ML) is encumbered by a range of stringent regulations and limitations. Using synthetic data that mirrors the underlying properties in the real data is emerging as a promising solution to overcome these barriers. To address this, we introduce a novel approach: a fully automated Synthetic Tabular Neural Generator (STNG). This innovative tool not only generates synthetic data that closely mirrors the characteristics of actual data but also incorporates an Auto-ML module for rigorous validation and comparison of datasets synthesized using various methodologies. To showcase STNG's efficacy, we conducted an extensive empirical study across twelve distinct datasets. The results highlight STNG's robustness and its pivotal role in enhancing the accessibility of validated synthetic healthcare data, thereby offering a promising solution to a critical barrier in ML applications in healthcare.