bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Primary Particle Morphology and Hydrophilicity of Carbon Matrix on Electrode Coating Quality and Performance of Practical High‐Energy‐Density Li–S Batteries
Authors: Li Shanglin , Chen Zhaoyue , Yamamoto Kentaro , Watanabe Toshiki , Uchimoto Yoshiharu , Mori Yuki , Inoue Gen , Ohuchi Kazuya , Inagaki Satoshi , Ueno Kazuhide , Dokko Kaoru , Watanabe Masayoshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLi–S batteries have attracted attention as the next‐generation secondary batteries. While substantial progress is made in understanding Li–S chemistry at a fundamental level, only a limited number of studies are dedicated to achieving high energy density at the practical pouch cell level. The challenge lies in attaining high‐energy‐density Li–S batteries under harsh conditions, which involve a minimal amount of electrolyte and a relatively high areal S‐loading cathode. This discrepancy creates a substantial gap between fundamental material research and comprehensive cell‐level investigations. In this study, it is investigated how the morphology and properties of two carbon materials, namely Ketjen black (KB) and mesoporous carbon nano‐dendrites (MCND), influence the composite cathode architecture and determine the performance of Li–S batteries. Unlike KB, MCND allows for a higher sulfur‐loading cathode without evident cracks in the composite cathode. This achievement can be attributed to the high porosity, excellent wettability, and high conductivity exhibited during an identical electrode preparation procedure. Furthermore, large‐format Li–S pouch cells incorporating MCND/S cathodes are successfully fabricated. These cells demonstrate an energy density surpassing 250 Wh kg−1 and an initial discharge capacity of 3.7 Ah under challenging conditions (S‐loading > 5 mg cm−2 and E/S < 3.5 µL mg−1).
A High Throughput Tunable Filter Module for Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Chen Xiao , Guo Tingbiao , Lin Zijian , Xu Xinan , Zhang Zhi , Wang Nan , He Sailing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTunable filters are vital not only for dynamic display but also in the miniaturized spectral imaging system. Yet, the present tunable devices possess low optical throughput, bulky volume, slow response, or complex configuration. In this paper, the study proposed and experimentally demonstrated a compact tunable filter module based on metagratings combined with liquid crystals (LC). By the synergetic effect between the birefringent LC and the dichroic metagratings, the module possesses distinct transmissive features by electrically tuning the LC material, resulting from the polarization interference effect. A simple nanoimprinting method, which is suitable for the mass production of nanostructures is adopted for low‐cost fabrication. These unique features endow the present tunable filter module with low cost, high optical throughput, and compact volume. As a proof of concept, a multispectral imager is built with this filter based on a commercial microscope. Experimental results show the system response is five times higher in optical throughput across the whole visible region than the traditional liquid crystal tunable filter and the signal‐to‐noise ratio can be improved by 7 dB. Considering the feasibility of nanoimprinting, this module paves the way for spectral imaging in low‐light conditions and on‐site scenarios such as tongue diagnosis and food quality inspection.
Asymmetric Construction of Substituted Purine Esters with Tunable N‐9/N‐7 Regioselectivity via Enzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Liu Changming , Han Maochun , Li Xinyu , Hu Lei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe report an enzyme‐catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution protocol for the one‐pot asymmetric synthesis of substituted purine derivatives. The controllable N‐9/N‐7 substitution, which posed formidable challenges in organic synthesis, could be accomplished by choosing different types of enzymes as catalysts. This method was proved scalable and was used to prepare a series of prodrugs of medicinally active acids. In addition, the recyclability test of the biocatalysts indicated the potential of this strategy for applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
Lithium‐Ion Accelerated Regulators by Locally‐Zwitterionic Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets
Authors: Jiang Guoxing , Zou Wenwu , Zhang Weifeng , Ou Zhaoyuan , Qi Shengguang , Ma Tongmei , Cui Zhiming , Liang Zhenxing , Du Li 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRational regulation of the Li‐ion (Li+) migration behaviors and charge distribution at the electrolyte–electrode interface is of great significance in pursuit of high‐performance lithium metal battery (LMB) chemistry. Herein, unique locally‐zwitterionic covalent organic framework nanosheets (ziCOFNs) are developed as Li+ accelerated regulators, whose functions include not only kinetics‐boosted Li+ migration but also induces uniform charge distribution in LMBs. The zwitterions act as “dissociation enhancers” to trigger efficient Li+ desolvation, while the abundant ─COO− units within the nanopores favor rapid Li+ diffusion. In addition, the ordered ionic skeleton dynamically homogenizes the interfacial charge, thereby inhibiting Li dendrite growth and stabilizing the Li‐interface chemistry. When implemented as a functional interlayer in the cell configuration, ziCOFNs display ultrahigh transfer number (0.84) and ionic conductivity beyond 4.5 mS cm−1. With such a layer, stable Li plating/stripping (over 6500 h) at 3 mA cm−2 in symmetric cells, and superior long‐term cycle performance in high‐loading LiFePO4 (9.4 mg cm−2) full cells are achieved. Detailed experimental characterizations combined with theoretical calculations elucidate the mechanism of the zwitterionic framework tuning Li+ migration behaviors. This work is anticipated to shed fresh light on the exploration of zwitterionic crystalline materials in next‐generation LMBs.
Association of mild and complex multimorbidity with structural brain changes in older adults: A population‐based study
Authors: Valletta Martina , Vetrano Davide Liborio , Calderón‐Larrañaga Amaia , Kalpouzos Grégoria , Canevelli Marco , Marengoni Alessandra , Laukka Erika J , Grande Giulia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe quantified the association of mild (ie, involving one or two body systems) and complex (ie, involving ≥3 systems) multimorbidity with structural brain changes in older adults.METHODSWe included 390 dementia‐free participants aged 60+ from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after 3 and/or 6 years. Using linear mixed models, we estimated the association between multimorbidity and changes in total brain tissue, ventricular, hippocampal, and white matter hyperintensities volumes.RESULTSCompared to non‐multimorbid participants, those with complex multimorbidity showed the steepest reduction in total brain (β*time −0.03, 95% CI −0.05, −0.01) and hippocampal (β*time −0.05, 95% CI −0.08, −0.03) volumes, the greatest ventricular enlargement (β*time 0.03, 95% CI 0.01, 0.05), and the fastest white matter hyperintensities accumulation (β*time 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.07).DISCUSSIONMultimorbidity, particularly when involving multiple body systems, is associated with accelerated structural brain changes, involving both neurodegeneration and vascular pathology.Highlights
Multimorbidity accelerates structural brain changes in cognitively intact older adults
These brain changes encompass both neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular pathology
The complexity of multimorbidity is associated with the rate of brain changes’ progression
Characterization and comparative evaluation of polysulfone and polypropylene hollow fiber membranes for blood oxygenators
Authors: Teber Oğuz Orhun , Altinay Ayşegül Derya , Naziri Mehrabani Seyed Ali , Zeytuncu Bihter , Ateş‐Genceli Esra , Dulekgurgen Ebru , Gölcez Tansu , Yıldız Yahya , Pekkan Kerem , Koyuncu İsmail 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBlood oxygenators are used to saturate oxygen levels and remove carbon dioxide from the body during cardiopulmonary bypass. Although the natural lung is hydrophilic, commercially used oxygenator materials are hydrophobic. Surface hydrophobicity weakens blood compatibility, as long‐term contact with the blood environment may lead to different degrees of blood activity. Polysulfone may be considered an alternative hydrophilic material in the design of oxygenators. Therefore, it may be directed toward developing hydrophilic membranes. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of achieving blood gas transfer with a polysulfone‐based microporous hollow fiber membrane and compare it with the commercially available polypropylene membranes. Structural differences in the membrane morphology, surface hydrophilicity, tortuosity, mass transfer rate, and material properties under different operation conditions of temperature and flow rates are reported. The polysulfone membrane has a water contact angle of 81.3°, whereas a commercial polypropylene membrane is 94.5°. The mass transfer resistances (s/m) for the polysulfone and polypropylene membranes are calculated to be 4.8 × 104 and 1.5 × 104 at 25°C, respectively. The module made of polysulfone was placed in the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit in parallel with the commercial oxygenator, and pH, pO2, pCO2 levels, and metabolic activity were measured in blood samples.
The characteristics and flocculation performance of hydrophobic association poly‐(3‐methacryloylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride)
Authors: Guo Yiming , Li Xiaoxiao , Ming Anqi , Sun Jun , Wang Hua , Chen Lin , Tian Xingyou , Cao Yuxiang , Yuan Yun , Feng Yujun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe cationic polymer plays a crucial role in the flocculation process for solid–liquid separation. A hydrophobic‐associated cationic polymer was prepared through micellar free‐radical polymerization of cationic monomer 3‐methyl acrylamide propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC) and hydrophobic monomer Poly (ethylene glycol) Octadecyl methacrylate (OEMA). The Poly‐MAPTAC‐OEMA can form network structure through intermolecular hydrophobic association in aqueous solution, which leads to the solution viscosity increase and the salt thickening property. The critical associating concentrations (CACs) of Poly‐MAPTAC‐OEMA are 5818–6992 mg/L in aqueous solution. For the diatomite suspensions, at the dosage above about 5 mg/L, the Poly‐MAPTAC‐OEMA can show higher flocculation efficiency compared with Poly‐MAPTAC. Specifically, at the dosage of 8 mg/L, the enhancement rate of sedimentation rate can reach 7.27%–32.31%. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic association mainly enhances the bridging ability but has no significant effect on the improvement of the electric neutralization ability of Poly‐MAPTAC‐OEMA. The flocculation performance‐enhanced dosage of Poly‐MAPTAC‐OEMA is obviously lower than the CAC of Poly‐MAPTAC‐OEMA; this may be because during the flocculation process, the Poly‐MAPTAC‐OEMA first absorb and deeply concentrate on the particle surface, and then the hydrophobic association and bridging enhancement of Poly‐MAPTAC‐OEMA can occur more easily on the particle surface.
Suppressing Li dendrite by a guar gum natural polymer film for high‐performance lithium metal anodes
Authors: Fei Guiqiang , Du Yifan , Liu Xuan , Yin Zheng , Shu Kewei , Niu Huizhu , Han Yun , Wang Yu , Liu Hui , Wang Haihua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLithium dendrites pose a major hurdle for enhancing the energy density of lithium metal batteries, and the artificial solid electrolyte interface layer offers a potential solution. In this work, a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly guar gum film is applied to the artificial protective layer. The guar gum artificial solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer formed naturally, enriched with OH and AOA groups, displayed exceptional electrochemical stability, and achieved an impressively high transference number of 0.88 for lithium‐ion movement. In symmetric cells, the Li@GG‐Cu anode displays remarkable cycling performance even during extended periods. This is evidenced by its ability to maintain a surface capacity of approximately 850 h (1 mA cm−2, 1 mAh cm−2). In addition, when utilizing a complete cell setup comprising a LiFPO4 cathode (weighing 1.5 mg cm−2) and anode coated with a guar gum film, the capacity retention of an impressive 96.2% showcases outstanding preservation of battery performance over time even after 700 cycles. This performance surpasses that of a lithium foil electrode (87.1%) and a copper anode with lithium deposition (0%). Our work exhibits a promising material for a novel configuration of artificial SEI, effectively stabilizing lithium metal anode.
Enhancement of electrical parameters of PANI—A conducting polymer with low concentration nanofiller for optoelectronic and electrical application
Authors: Kumar Tamilarasi , Muthukrishnan Meena , Thiagamani Senthil Muthu Kumar , Khan Anish , Althomali Raed H. , Hashem Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectrical conductivity is emerging as one of the most essential material's qualities of the 21st century due to the lightning‐fast advancements in the electronics sector and the continuously improving electrical goods. As conductive materials are used in the majority of the modern items we use, including power sources, energy generating systems, electrical circuits, sensors, and many others, continuing advancement in this field is very crucial. The novelty of this work lies in the dispersion of ferrite nanoparticles, which was synthesized using egg albumen to enhance the electrical behavior of PANI polymer films. In this research work, a simple casting approach was used to ex situ polymerize aniline to fabricate ultrathin and flexible CuFe2O4 distributed PANI films for electrical conductivity applications. The combustion approach was used to produce the copper ferrite nanoparticles, while egg albumen was not only used as the fuel but also it was used a capping agent to control the size of ferrite NPs with a size much lower than that already reported. Studies on the structural, morphological, and electrical properties of pure and various weight percent of (1 , 3 , and 5 wt%) CuFe2O4 loaded PANI films were performed. Comparing the different films, the 5 wt% CuFe2O4 dispersed PANI films exhibited remarkable and greatly improved permittivity and electrical conductivity with low dielectric loss. This indicates the 5 wt% CuFe2O4 dispersed PANI films have the prospective uses in high‐tech industries where there is a need for flexible, thin, and lightweight high electrical conducting materials with lesser loss factor.
Long‐term stability of planetary orbits between Jupiter and Saturn
Authors: Dvorak Rudolf , Cuntz Manfred 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe extend our two previous studies on the existence of stable orbits in the Solar System by examining the domain between Jupiter and Saturn. We place (1) a massless object, (2) a Moon‐mass object, (3) a Mars‐mass object, (4) an Earth‐mass object, and (5) a Uranus‐mass object in the said region. Note that these objects are considered separately in the framework of our simulations. Our goal is to explore the orbital stability of those objects. We employ the Lie‐integration method, which is fast and well established, allowing us to solve the respective differential equations for the ‐body system. Hence, we consider the celestial bodies spanning from Jupiter to Neptune, including the aforementioned test object, the main focus for our model simulations. The integrations indicate that in some models the test objects placed in the region between Jupiter and Saturn reside in that region for more than 600 Myr. Between 5 and 10 au, mean‐motion resonances (MMRs) take place acting upon the test objects akin to simulations of Paper I and II. Our models indicate relatively small differences for the long‐term stability of the five test objects notwithstanding their vastly different masses. Generally, it is found that between and 7.13 au the orbits become unstable mostly within 5 million years and further out, that is, up to au, the duration of stability lengthens to up to hundreds of millions of years.
Impact of reciprocal peer observation on teacher collaboration perceptions
Authors: Corcelles‐Seuba Mariona , Sala‐Bars Ingrid , Soler Mireia , Duran David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aims to assess the effectiveness of reciprocal peer observation (RPO) as a form of professional collaboration among teachers in enhancing their perceptions of teacher collaboration within a school setting. The Teacher Collaboration Perceptions Questionnaire (TCPQ) was specifically designed and validated for this purpose, using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The study employed a longitudinal observational design, with 400 teachers in a pre/post‐test study. The impact of RPO was examined on three dimensions related to professional collaboration: collaborative school culture, collective agency and teachers' attitudes towards collaboration. The results revealed that participants' perceptions of collaboration improved significantly after the implementation of RPO. The study confirms the utility of RPO as a professional collaborative practice that can foster changes in teachers' perceptions of the collaborative school culture, teachers' sense of collective agency and teachers' preference for collaboration over individual work. The study concludes with a discussion of its educational implications.
An AI‐assisted integrated, scalable, single‐cell phenomic‐transcriptomic platform to elucidate intratumor heterogeneity against immune response
Authors: Tostado Christopher P. , Da Ong Lucas Xian , Heng Joel Jia Wei , Miccolis Carlo , Chia Shumei , Seow Justine Jia Wen , Toh Yi‐Chin , DasGupta Ramanuj 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present a novel framework combining single‐cell phenotypic data with single‐cell transcriptomic analysis to identify factors underpinning heterogeneity in antitumor immune response. We developed a pairwise, tumor‐immune discretized interaction assay between natural killer (NK‐92MI) cells and patient‐derived head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines on a microfluidic cell‐trapping platform. Furthermore we generated a deep‐learning computer vision algorithm that is capable of automating the acquisition and analysis of a large, live‐cell imaging data set (>1 million) of paired tumor‐immune interactions spanning a time course of 24 h across multiple HNSCC lines (n = 10). Finally, we combined the response data measured by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis against NK‐mediated killing with downstream single‐cell transcriptomic analysis to interrogate molecular signatures associated with NK‐effector response. As proof‐of‐concept for the proposed framework, we efficiently identified MHC class I‐driven cytotoxic resistance as a key mechanism for immune evasion in nonresponders, while enhanced expression of cell adhesion molecules was found to be correlated with sensitivity against NK‐mediated cytotoxicity. We conclude that this integrated, data‐driven phenotypic approach holds tremendous promise in advancing the rapid identification of new mechanisms and therapeutic targets related to immune evasion and response.
Optimum timing of lung resection surgery following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection for non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Yanbo , Niu Lingli , Zhu Yunke , Wu Zhu , Xia Liang , Xiao Congjia , Shen Xu , Xiao Xin , Tian Conglin , Lin Feng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection on postoperative recovery of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is need to be understood, thereby informing the optimal timing of surgical decision‐making during the COVID‐19 pandemic for NSCLC patients. This study reports the postoperative outcomes of surgical NSCLC patients with preoperative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.MethodThis single‐center retrospective cohort study included 241 NSCLC patients who underwent lobectomy or sub‐lobectomy between December 1, 2022 and February 14, 2023. Surgical outcomes of patients with preoperative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (stratified by the time from diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection to surgery) were compared with those without preoperative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The primary outcomes were total postoperative complications and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), the secondary outcomes included operation time, total postoperative drainage and time, length of hospital stay (LOS), 30‐day and 90‐day postoperative symptoms.ResultsThis study included 153 (63.5%) patients with preoperative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and 88 (36.5%) patients without previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In patients with a preoperative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis, the incidence of total postoperative complications (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.12–8.01; p = 0.028) and PPCs (OR, 4.20; 95% CI, 1.11–15.91; p = 0.035) both increased in patients infected having surgery within 2 weeks compared with non‐infection before surgery. However, patients who underwent lung resection more than 2 weeks after SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis had a similar risk of postoperative complications and surgical outcomes with those non‐infection before surgery.ConclusionThis is the first study to provide evidence regarding the optimum timing of lung resection surgery and assessing early outcomes after surgery in NSCLC patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Our study documents that the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection did not complicate surgical procedures for lung cancer, and suggest that lung surgery should be postponed at least 2 weeks after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection for NSCLC patients.
An individualized stemness‐related signature to predict prognosis and immunotherapy responses for gastric cancer using single‐cell and bulk tissue transcriptomes
Authors: Zheng Linyong , Chen Jingyan , Ye Wenhai , Fan Qi , Chen Haifeng , Yan Haidan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, many stemness‐related signatures have been developed for gastric cancer (GC) to predict prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes. However, due to batch effects, these signatures cannot accurately analyze patients one by one, rendering them impractical in real clinical scenarios. Therefore, we aimed to develop an individualized and clinically applicable signature based on GC stemness.MethodsMalignant epithelial cells from single‐cell RNA‐Seq data of GC were used to identify stemness‐related signature genes based on the CytoTRACE score. Using two bulk tissue datasets as training data, the enrichment scores of the signature genes were applied to classify samples into two subtypes. Then, using the identified subtypes as criteria, we developed an individualized stemness‐related signature based on the within‐sample relative expression orderings of genes.ResultsWe identified 175 stemness‐related signature genes, which exhibited significantly higher AUCell scores in poorly differentiated GCs compared to differentiated GCs. In training datasets, GC samples were classified into two subtypes with significantly different survival times and genomic characteristics. Utilizing the two subtypes, an individualized signature was constructed containing 47 gene pairs. In four independent testing datasets, GC samples classified as high risk exhibited significantly shorter survival times, higher infiltration of M2 macrophages, and lower immune responses compared to low‐risk samples. Moreover, the potential therapeutic targets and corresponding drugs were identified for the high‐risk group, such as CD248 targeted by ontuxizumab.ConclusionsWe developed an individualized stemness‐related signature, which can accurately predict the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy for each GC sample.