bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of cancer genomic profile testing for advanced or metastatic solid tumors in clinical practice
Authors: Fukada Ippei , Mori Seiichi , Hayashi Naomi , Hosonaga Mari , Xiaofei Wang , Yamazaki Masumi , Ueki Arisa , Kiyotani Kazuma , Tonooka Akiko , Takeuchi Kengo , Ueno Takayuki , Takahashi Shunji 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCancer genomic profile (CGP) testing, which is covered by the national health insurance system in Japan, has been introduced as a routine clinical practice. However, the effects of CGP testing on prognoses remain unclear. Drug accessibility rates and prognoses after CGP testing were retrospectively investigated in 713 patients who underwent CGP testing examined by our molecular tumor board between November 2019 and October 2022,. Overall survival (OS) was examined using the log‐rank test and the Kaplan–Meier method. The median age of patients (326 males and 387 females) was 58 years (12–85 years). CGP testing revealed one or more gene mutations in 681 cases (95.5%), among which actionable gene mutations were detected in 439 (61.6%). Although treatment options were recommended for 285 cases (40.0%) by the molecular tumor board, only 45 received treatment based on their gene mutations. During the median observation period of 8.6 months, 351 (49.2%) patients died of the exacerbation of existing diseases. No significant differences were observed in OS between patients treated with and without genomically matched therapy (p = 0.285). According to clinical responses to treatment based on gene mutations, median OS was significantly longer in patients who achieved partial response and stable disease (26.5 months; 95% CI 14.4–38.6) than in those with progressive disease and not evaluated (9.8 months; 95% CI 5.8–13.8, p = 0.013). Responses to treatment based on gene mutations may improve prognoses, and it is important to increase the drug accessibility rate after CGP testing.
Perception of parents and caregivers about the need for dental appointments for adolescents from a Brazilian birth cohort
Authors: Tillmann Thais Freitas Formozo , de Camargo Maria Beatriz Junqueira , Cascaes Andréia Morales , Barros Aluísio J. D. , Santos Iná S. , Corrêa Marcos Britto , Matijasevich Alicia , D'Ávila Otávio Pereira , Silva Alexandre Emidio Ribeiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the perception of parents or caregivers regarding the need for dental appointments for adolescents aged 12–13 years and associated factors.MethodsData from the Pelotas 2004 Birth Cohort were used. The outcome variable was the need for dental appointments for young adolescents perceived by parents or caregivers. Demographic and economic exposure variables were obtained from the first (2004) and sixth general follow‐up (2015), respectively. The exposure variables ‘previous history of dental pain’, ‘self‐rated oral health’, clinical variables and the outcome variable were obtained from the second oral health follow‐up (2017). Unadjusted and adjusted multivariate Poisson regression analyses provided prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsAt the first oral health follow‐up (2009), 1303 five‐year‐old children were recruited, 996 of whom were reassessed and underwent oral health examinations at 12 and 13 years of age (response rate: 76.4%). The findings showed that 72.4% of parents/caregivers perceived that the adolescents needed dental appointments. No associations were found between the outcome and sociodemographic or economic variables. After adjustments, the outcome remained positively associated with previous history of toothache (PR 1.22; 95% CI 1.14–1.32), self‐rated oral health as fair or poor (PR 1.26; 95% CI 1.15–1.39), the presence of dental caries (PR 1.27; 95% CI 1.20–1.38) and severe or disabling malocclusion (PR 1.14; 95% CI 1.05–1.25).ConclusionsThe perception of parents/caregivers regarding the need for dental appointments on the part of their adolescent sons and daughters was associated with oral health problems, and these findings can serve as the basis for creating and improving oral health programmes that seek a better understanding on the part of parents and caregivers regarding the importance of integral care for their adolescent children.
Impact of levothyroxine therapy for maternal subclinical and overt hypothyroidism on early child neurodevelopment: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Zhekun , Zhao Huanqiang , Xiong Yu , Zhou Qiongjie , Li Xiaotian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTreatment indication of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is undetermined, despite the wide administration of levothyroxine for maternal overt hypothyroidism (OH). This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of levothyroxine for maternal SCH and OH in real‐world practice, with a focus on early child neurodevelopment.DesignProspective cohort study.Patients and MeasurementsPregnant women diagnosed with SCH at the first antenatal visit were enroled and compared to those diagnosed with OH. Thyroid follow‐ups were conducted during pregnancy. Early child neurodevelopment was assessed using the Gesell Development Diagnosis Scale (GDDS) at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of age.ResultsFrom January 2012 to December 2013, a total of 442 pregnant women were included in final analysis, among whom 194 and 248 were assigned to the SCH and OH groups, respectively. The percentage of levothyroxine therapy at the first antenatal visit was significantly lower in the SCH group than that in the OH group (91.24% vs. 97.58%, p < .01), with a similar treatment rate at delivery (99.4% vs. 100%, p > .05). Notably, GDDS scores were lower in the SCH group than those in the OH group at 6 months to 2 years of age, which was confirmed by subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsChildren born with maternal SCH demonstrated slightly lower neuropsychological scores at 6 months to 2 years of age compared to those with maternal OH in the clinical practice. The therapeutic effect of maternal SCH on the child neurodevelopment requires further exploration.
Meta‐analysis of multi‐modality therapies in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma—A timely update
Authors: See Alicia Su Yun , Chu Clarisse , Lim Isis Claire Zhen Yu , Tan Benjamin Kye Jyn , Ang Sheryl Xiu Qi , Xu Shuhui , Teo Neville Wei Yang , Charn Tze Choong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesSinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is a rare but aggressive tumour with very poor prognosis. There are currently no well‐established clinical trials to guide therapy and the impact of various treatment modalities on survival is not well defined. We aim to provide an updated systematic review on current treatment modalities on survival outcomes.Design and SettingIndividual patient data were extracted, and survival data pooled in a one‐stage meta‐analysis. Descriptive statistics were analysed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Patient‐level comparisons stratified by treatment modalities, adjusted for demographics, were conducted using shared‐frailty Cox regression.Participants and Main outcome measuresParticipants include all patients diagnosed with SNUC based on histological evidence. We looked at the overall cumulative survival outcome for different treatment modalities and overall survival by treatment modality in low versus high stage SNUC patients.Results and ConclusionSeventeen studies were identified, comprising 208 patients from 1993 to 2020. There was no significant difference in cumulative overall survival in low versus high stage patients, and no significant difference in outcomes by treatment modality. The overall cumulative survival of SNUC is 30% at 95 months. Among patients treated with various combinations of treatment modalities, patients with chemoradiotherapy had the highest cumulative survival of 42% at 40 months. Definitive chemoradiotherapy was associated with improved disease survival rate. Regardless of tumour stage, patients should be treated early and aggressively, with no superiority of one treatment regimen over another. Trimodality treatment does not confer survival advantage over bimodality treatment.
Nevus lipomatosus superficialis: A series of six cases
Authors: AbdullGaffar Badr , Keloth Tasnim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNevus lipomatosus still imposes diagnostic, categorization, and etiologic challenges. Even though an intradermal adipose tissue is a histopathologic prerequisite, the lesions are clinically divided into classic multiple forms and a solitary variant, which some consider a separate so‐called lipofibroma clinicopathologic entity. This further complicates the true prevalence, classification and etiopathogenesis of nevus lipomatosus. Case reports and series studies have reflected either consistent or variable and sometimes conflicting clinicopathologic findings. A few have reported electron microscopic findings. Immunohistochemistry is lacking. We report two multiple and four solitary forms of nevus lipomatosus in six patients, highlighting their salient histopathologic features and immunohistochemical profile. Both forms showed intradermal groups of perivascular S100+ lipogenic and CD34+ mesenchymal cells intermixed with scattered CD1a+ and FXIIIa+ dendrocytes, CD3 lymphocytic and CD117 mast cells in a fibromyxoid milieu. Epidermal nevoid and comedonal follicular alterations, attenuated dermal connective tissue and adnexal structures were variably present in both forms. We compared our findings with seven series of studies reporting classic and solitary forms. Both forms showed similar histopathologic findings, comparable clinicopathologic features, predominantly pelvic, and shoulder girdle distribution patterns in bimodal age onsets. Even though some lipomatous skin lesions clinically and histopathologically overlap with nevus lipomatosus, certain findings are helpful distinguishing features. Small intradermal islands of lipocytic fibroplasia have characteristic perivascular milieu that may function as a niche of preadipose CD34 mesenchymal stem cells. They are most likely represented in the dermis of the pelvic and shoulder areas in certain individuals prone to maintain these embryonic reservoirs, which are clinically manifested at different ages. Some may have unifocal or multifocal residues reflecting multiple and solitary forms.
Treatment responses to basal insulin glargine 300 U/ml and glargine 100 U/ml in newly defined subphenotypes of type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis of the EDITION 3 randomized clinical trial
Authors: Landgraf Wolfgang , Owens David R. , Frier Brian M. , Bolli Geremia B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo compare responses to basal insulin glargine 300 U/ml (IGlar‐300) and 100 U/ml (IGlar‐100) in newly defined subphenotypes of type 2 diabetes.MethodsInsulin‐naive participants (n = 858) from the EDITION 3 trial were assigned to subphenotypes ‘Mild Age‐Related Diabetes (MARD)’, ‘Mild Obesity Diabetes (MOD)’, ‘Severe Insulin Resistant Diabetes (SIRD)’ and ‘Severe Insulin Deficient Diabetes (SIDD)’. Key variables were analysed at baseline and 26 weeks.ResultsParticipants were comprised of MOD 56.1% (n = 481), SIDD 22.1% (n = 190), MARD 18.2% (n = 156) and SIRD 3.0% (n = 26). After 26 weeks a similar decrease in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of 16‐19 mmol/mol and 1.4‐1.7 mmol/L, respectively, occurred in MARD and MOD with both insulins. SIDD had the most elevated HbA1c and FPG (80‐83 mmol/mol/11.1‐11.4 mmol/L) and reduction in both HbA1c and FPG was greater with IGlar‐100 than with IGlar‐300 (−18 vs. −15 mmol/mol and −1.6 vs. −1.3 mmol/L, respectively; each p = .03). In SIDD, despite receiving the highest basal insulin doses, HbA1c decline (57‐60 mmol/mol/7.3‐7.6%) was suboptimal at week 26. In MOD and SIDD lower incidences with IGlar‐300 were found for level 1 nocturnal hypoglycaemia [odds ratio (OR) 0.59, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.36‐0.97; OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.24‐0.99]. In addition, fewer level 2 hypoglycaemia episodes occurred at any time with IGlar‐300 in SIDD (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.13‐0.77).ConclusionBoth insulins produce comparable outcomes in type 2 diabetes subphenotypes, but in SIDD, add‐on treatment to basal insulin is required to achieve glycaemic targets.
A new perspective for nucleation and nanocrystallization from interfacial energy and nanoscale composition fluctuations in glasses
Authors: Komatsu Takayuki , Honma Tsuyoshi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNucleation behaviors in glasses/supercooled liquids (SCLs) such as lithium disilicate Li2O–2SiO2, cordierite Mg2Al4Si5O18, fresnoite Ba2TiSi2O8, and K2O–Nb2O5–GeO2/TeO2 glasses were analyzed and discussed from the interfacial energy γ at SCL–nucleus interfaces and nanoscale composition fluctuations. Based on the fragility concept for SCLs and the intrinsic origin of γ, the magnitude order of γ(fragile SCL) < γ(strong SCL) was proposed to be a crucial guide for an understanding of high homogeneous nucleation rates and prominent nanocrystallization. The role of nucleating agent TiO2/ZrO2 in accelerating the nucleation rate in cordierite‐based and β‐spodumene‐type Li2O–Al2O3–SiO2‐based glasses was discussed from the new perspective of γ(homoepitaxial‐like nucleation) < γ(heteroepitaxial‐like nucleation). Ferroelectric nanocrystals such as SrxBa1–xNb2O6 in borate glasses and fluoride nanocrystals such as CaF2 are also well understood from the proposed guidelines. The present article provides a new perspective for nucleation in glasses/SCLs, contributing to the comprehensive composition design of new innovative glass‐ceramics.
Effect of phage and rhamnolipid on Salmonella Infantis biofilm removal and biological control of phage on food deterioration
Authors: Erol Hilal Basak , Kaskatepe Banu 
Published: October 2023

SummaryBacteria adherence to the surface and the resulting biofilm have serious harmful effects in food. Biofilm formation in foods can lead to food deterioration and disease transfer easily. Some alternative applications are being tried to remove biofilms. Among these, biosurfactants and bacteriophages are promising owing to their low toxicity, easy availability, and high activity. In our study, the action of phage and rhamnolipid, a biosurfactant, on the biofilm of Salmonella Infantis, which is an important pathogen in food, was examined. Additionally, the efficacy of phages in the biocontrol of foods was tested. It is observed that the phage significantly reduces the bacterial concentration in milk in the first 4 h at 4 °C and 25 °C and maintains its effect for 24 h at 4 °C. The p_S3 phage, rhamnolipid (RML), and p_S3 phage + RML mixture on the 48‐h biofilm decreased the biofilm mass by 44.9–81.8%, 20.8–81.1%, and 12–60%, respectively. On a 1‐week‐old biofilm, the p_S3 phage, RML, and p_S3 phage + RML mixture decreased the biofilm mass by 43–60%, 55–72%, and 49.7–61.7%, respectively. It is seen that the p_S3 phage and RML co‐administration on biofilm can be a biosafe application in food production facilities where it is a more effective application in removing the biofilm in long‐term exposure.
Mycoprotein as a meat substitute: production, functional properties, and current challenges‐a review
Authors: Khan Rahim , Brishti Fatema Hossain , Arulrajah Brisha , Goh Yong Meng , Abd Rahim Muhamad Hafiz , Karim Roselina , Hajar‐Azhari Siti , Kin Kit Sam , Anwar Farooq , Saari Nazamid 
Published: October 2023

SummaryMeat has historically been an essential source of animal‐based protein. However, due to population growth, health problems linked to the consumption of red meat, and concerns over environmental challenges, there is an increased need for alternative protein sources. Various plant‐based meat alternatives have recently been explored, with ongoing advancements in industrial‐scale production. Mycoprotein has been proposed as a sustainable alternative to meat due to its distinctive functional food properties and fibrous structure. However, some challenges still prevail related to large‐scale production, texture, sustainability, and acceptability of mycoprotein products. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of scientific research on mycoprotein, focusing on nutritional composition, functional properties, production technology, and health benefits. This study also examines the current challenges related to product safety, environmental impact, and prospects of this innovative food.
Well‐being, turnover intention, and stigma attitudes of mental health transition‐to‐practice nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Foster Kim , Steele Michael , Metcalfe James , Toomey Nigel , Alexander Louise 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere is global recognition that mental health nursing can be stressful and have detrimental effects on nurses' well‐being and retention. With substantial nursing shortages, there is an urgent need to attract and retain nurses to sustain this workforce and provide effective mental healthcare. Mental health transition programs provide vital recruitment pathways and support novice registered nurses, enrolled nurses and experienced registered generalist nurses moving into this field. There is little evidence, however, on the well‐being, resilience, and retention of nurses transitioning into mental health. The primary aims for this cross‐sectional study were to describe demographic characteristics, perceived stress, well‐being, resilience, mental illness stigma attitudes, work satisfaction, and turnover intention of four nurse cohorts entering mental health transition programs: generalist registered nurses, graduate and post‐graduate registered nurses, and enrolled nurses; to explore relationships between these variables; and explore differences between these four nurse cohorts. Findings (n = 87) included overall moderate perceived stress, moderate well‐being and resilience, high work satisfaction, low stigma, and low turnover intention. Higher turnover intention was associated with lower age and work satisfaction, and higher perceived stress. Generalist RNs had significantly higher stress and stigmatizing attitudes than Enrolled Nurses. Secondary analysis of well‐being scores identified 14 nurses with scores indicating depression, with significantly lower resilience and work satisfaction, and significantly higher stress than the rest of the sample. To help prevent attrition, it is vital that mental health services provide tailored well‐being initiatives during transition and intervene early to provide support for nurses with mental distress.
Investigating the developmental onset of regenerative potential in the annelid Capitella teleta
Authors: Boyd Alicia A. , Seaver Elaine C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn animal's ability to regrow lost tissues or structures can vary greatly during its life cycle. The annelid Capitella teleta exhibits posterior, but not anterior, regeneration as juveniles and adults. In contrast, embryos display only limited replacement of specific tissues. To investigate when during development individuals of C. teleta become capable of regeneration, we assessed the extent to which larvae can regenerate. We hypothesized that larvae exhibit intermediate regeneration potential and demonstrate some features of juvenile regeneration, but do not successfully replace all lost structures. Both anterior and posterior regeneration potential of larvae were evaluated following amputation. We used several methods to analyze wound sites: EdU incorporation to assess cell proliferation; in situ hybridization to assess stem cell and differentiation marker expression; immunohistochemistry and phalloidin staining to determine presence of neurites and muscle fibers, respectively; and observation to assess re‐epithelialization and determine regrowth of structures. Wound healing occurred within 6 h of amputation for both anterior and posterior amputations. Cell proliferation at both wound sites was observed for up to 7 days following amputation. In addition, the stem cell marker vasa was expressed at anterior and posterior wound sites. However, growth of new tissue was observed only in posterior amputations. Neurites from the ventral nerve cord were also observed at posterior wound sites. De novo ash expression in the ectoderm of anterior wound sites indicated neuronal cell specification, although the absence of elav expression indicated an inability to progress to neuronal differentiation. In rare instances, cilia and eyes re‐formed. Both amputations induced expanded expression of the myogenesis gene MyoD in preexisting tissues. Our results indicate that amputated larvae complete early, but not late, stages of regeneration, which indicates a gradual acquisition of regenerative ability in C. teleta. Furthermore, amputated larvae can metamorphose into burrowing juveniles, including those missing brain and anterior sensory structures. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess regenerative potential of annelid larvae.
The relationship between urban greenspace perception and use within the adolescent population: A focused ethnography
Authors: Lyons Rachel , Colbert Alison , Browning Matthew , Jakub Karen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionGreenspace is beneficial for improving adolescent mental health, yet healthcare professionals still do not understand the connection between the built environment and subjective mental well‐being. We also need to understand how this population uses greenspace and how they feel when in it.AimThe aim of this qualitative study was threefold: to understand why adolescents use greenspace, to identify how they use greenspace and to explore how they feel when they are in greenspace.DesignFocused ethnography.MethodsData were collected between June 2022 and August 2022 using participant observation, photo elicitation and semi‐structured interviews. Braun and Clarke's (2006) six phases of thematic analysis were used to guide data collection and analysis.ResultsA total of 11 adolescents between ages 12 and 18 who resided in and around Newark, NJ, were recruited. Three themes were identified from the data: (1) A tranquil space in an unsafe place; (2) Park means family connection with burgeoning independence; and (3) My park: Sense of ownership and responsibility.ConclusionsThis study deepens the understanding between subjective mental well‐being and urban greenspace exposure. Adolescents accepted responsibility for maintaining “my park”, which strengthens community cohesion, detailing the importance of youth input during urban planning.Implications for PracticeImplications from this study suggest that environmental interventions may help ameliorate an ongoing mental health care crisis among adolescents. Healthcare providers should consider the built environment as another approach to promoting mental health.Patient or Public ContributionNone other than research participants.