bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ehrlich ascites carcinoma provokes renal toxicity and DNA injury in mice: Therapeutic impact of chitosan and maitake nanoparticles
Authors: Abosharaf Hamed A. , Gebreel Doaa T. , Allam Sahar , El‐Atrash Afaf , Tousson Ehab 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, the impact of chitosan (CS) and maitake (GF) nanoparticles towards the renal toxicity induced by Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in vivo model was conducted. Besides benchmark negative control group, EAC model was constructed by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of 2.5 × 106 cells. Alongside positive control, two groups of EAC‐bearing mice received 100 mg/kg of CS and GF nanoparticles/body weight daily for 14 days. The kidney function was conducted by measuring urea, creatinine, ions, (anti)/oxidative parameters and DNA damage. Also, measuring immunoreactivity of P53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2) and apoptosis protein. The outcomes illustrated notable kidney toxicity, which indicated by elevations in urea, creatinine, oxidative stress, DNA damage and induction of apoptosis. These events were supported by the drastic alteration in kidney structure through histological examination. Administration of CS and GF nanoparticles was able to enhance the antioxidant power, which further reduced oxidative damage, DNA injury, and apoptosis. These results indicated the protective and therapeutic role of biogenic chitosan and maitake nanoparticles against nephrotoxicity.
Effective growth hormone replacement with once‐weekly somapacitan in Japanese children with growth hormone deficiency: Results from REAL4, a phase 3 clinical trial
Authors: Mori Jun , Ohata Yasuhisa , Fujisawa Yasuko , Sato Yukihito , Röhrich Sebastian , Rasmussen Michael Højby , Bang Rikke Beck , Horikawa Reiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveSomapacitan is a long‐acting growth hormone (GH) derivative developed for the treatment of GH deficiency (GHD). This study evaluates the efficacy and tolerability of somapacitan in Japanese children with GHD after 104 weeks of treatment and after switch from daily GH.DesignSubanalysis on Japanese patients from a randomised, open‐labelled, controlled parallel‐group phase 3 trial (REAL4, NCT03811535).Patients and MeasurementsThirty treatment‐naïve patients were randomised 2:1 to somapacitan (0.16 mg/kg/week) or daily GH (0.034 mg/kg/day) up to Week 52, after which all patients received somapacitan. Height velocity (HV; cm/year) at Weeks 52 and 104 were the primary measurements. Additional assessments included HV SD score (SDS), height SDS, bone age, insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) SDS, and observer‐reported outcomes.ResultsAt Week 52, observed mean HV was similar between treatment groups (10.3 vs. 9.8 cm/year for somapacitan and daily GH, respectively). Similar HVs between groups were also observed at Week 104: 7.4 cm/year after continuous somapacitan treatment (soma/soma) and 7.9 cm/year after 1‐year somapacitan treatment following switch from daily GH (switch). Other height‐related endpoints supported continuous growth. IGF‐I SDS increased in both groups with mean IGF‐I SDS within −2 and +2 during the study. Somapacitan was well tolerated, one mild injection site reaction was reported, with no reports of injection site pain. Patient preference questionnaires showed that most patients and their caregivers (90.9%) who switched treatment at Week 52 preferred once‐weekly somapacitan over daily GH treatment.ConclusionsSomapacitan showed sustained efficacy in Japanese children with GHD over 104 weeks and for 52 weeks after switching from daily GH. Somapacitan was well tolerated and preferred over daily GH.
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) deficiency: Our experience and systematic review for phenotype–genotype correlation
Authors: Phadte Aditya , Dhole Charushila , Hegishte Samiksha , Sarathi Vijaya , Lila Anurag , Gada Jugal V. , Memon Saba Samad , Arya Sneha , Karlekar Manjiri , Patil Virendra , Varthakavi Premlata K. , Shah Nalini , Bhagwat Nikhil M. , Bandgar Tushar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveLipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia (LCAH) is caused by mutations in STAR. A systematic review of phenotype–genotype correlation and data on testicular histology in LCAH patients is unavailable. We aim to describe our experience and provide phenotype–genotype correlation.Design, Patients and MeasurementsRetrospective review of three genetically proven LCAH patients from our centre and per‐patient data analysis from a systematic review of 292 probands. The phenotypic subgroups of 46,XY were Group A (typical female genitalia), Group B (atypical genitalia) and Group C (typical male genitalia).ResultsWe report three new LCAH probands from India, all diagnosed post‐infancy with preserved gonadal function and one novel variant. The systematic review reports 46,XY to 46,XX LCAH ratio of 1.1 (155:140). Patients with 46,XY LCAH in Group A were diagnosed in infancy (116/117) and had higher mineralocorticoid involvement than Group C (96.4% vs. 75%, p = 0.035), whereas Group C had preserved gonadal function. Hyperplastic adrenals are noted in ~60% of LCAH diagnosed with primary adrenal insufficiency in infancy. There was no report of gonadal germ cell cancer and rare reports of germ cell neoplasia in situ in adolescents, especially with intraabdominal gonads. Two‐thirds of LCAH probands were East‐Asian and 11/16 regional recurrent variants were from East Asia. There was minimal overlap between variants in Groups A (n = 55), B (n = 9) and C (n = 8). All nonsense and frameshift and most of the splice‐site variants and deletion/insertions were present in Group A.ConclusionsWe report three new cases of LCAH from India. We propose a phenotype‐derived genotypic classification of reported STAR variants in 46,XY LCAH.
Trends in contact sensitization, results, and implications from a contact dermatitis clinic in Israel
Authors: Slodownik Dan , Bar Jonathan , Daniely Danny 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe baseline series includes common allergens, evolves over time, and differs by location. Our study aims to characterize allergen sensitization trends among the Israeli population during the last two decades, compare our results to American and European registries, as well as to highlight significant allergens in additional series outside the European baseline series (OEBS).MethodsWe analysed patch test results of 2086 patients from a designated contact dermatitis clinic in Tel Aviv between 2019 and 2022, compared them to European and North American registries and to 2156 patch test results conducted in Israel two decades ago.Results38.6% of patients had at least one positive reaction to an allergen in the European baseline series (EBS), nickel sulphate (14.6%), fragrance mix I (4.6%), and Methylchloroisothiazolinone methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI; 3.7%) were the most common among them. N‐Isopropyl N‐Phenyl‐4‐Phenylenediamine (NIPPD; 0%), Propolis (0.1%), Sesquiterpene lactone mix (0.1%), and Budesonide (0.1%) elicited a sensitization frequency significantly lower than the proposed threshold for baseline inclusion. Chi‐square test revealed a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the sensitization frequency of fragrance mix I, Formaldehyde, Potassium dichromate, Neomycin sulphate, Myroxylon pereirae, Sesquiterpene lactone, and NIPPD during the last two decades. The overall sensitization frequency to the majority of allergens was lower in our cohort in comparison to the North American and European registries.ConclusionsMCI/MI and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐2 (HEMA) are common, relevant allergens, with high SPIN (significance and prevalence index number) and should be better regulated by the authorities. While among the EBS, NIPPD, Propolis, Sesquiterpene lactone, and Budesonide usually do not elicit a positive reaction and therefore should be reconsidered in baseline series, among the OEBS, Chloramphenicol, Quaternium 15, Propyl gallate, and Amerchol L101 have elicited high SPIN values and should be vigilantly examined in the suitable clinical scenario. Significantly lower sensitization frequency to propolis raises the possibility of a protective effect due to early oral exposure among the Israeli population.
Value of hemophagocytosis in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in critically ill patients
Authors: Nyvlt Peter , Schuster Friederike S. , Ihlow Jana , Heeren Patrick , Spies Claudia , Hiesgen Josephine , Schenk Thomas , von Brünneck Ann‐Christin , Westermann Jörg , Brunkhorst Frank M. , La Rosée Paul , Janka Gritta , Lachmann Cornelia , Lachmann Gunnar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundFerritin is an established biomarker in the diagnosis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), which is diagnosed by the HLH‐2004 criteria. Among these criteria, detection of hemophagocytosis through invasive procedures may delay early life saving treatment. Our aim was to investigate the value of hemophagocytosis in diagnosing HLH in critically ill patients.MethodsIn this secondary analysis of a retrospective observational study, we included all patients aged ≥18 years and admitted to any adult ICU at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin between January 2006 and August 2018, who had hyperferritinemia (≥500 μg/L) and underwent bone marrow biopsy during their ICU course.ResultsTwo hundred fifty‐two patients were included, of whom 31 (12.3%) showed hemophagocytosis. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, maximum ferritin was independently associated with hemophagocytosis. By removing hemophagocytosis from HLH‐2004 criteria and HScore, prediction accuracy for HLH diagnosis was only marginally decreased compared to the original scores.ConclusionsOur results strengthen the diagnostic value of ferritin and underline the importance of considering HLH diagnosis in patients with high ferritin but only four fulfilled HLH‐2004 criteria, when hemophagocytosis was not assessed or not detectable. Proof of hemophagocytosis is not required for a reliable HLH diagnosis.
Embracing the other: Revisiting the epistemological foundations of family systems therapy
Authors: Wetzel Norbert A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFamily systems therapy originated in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s through the work of innovative thinkers and clinicians. However, despite the creative contributions of the mentioned colleagues and of later innovations in family therapy theory and practice, it seems as though the dominant culture of establishment psychiatry in the United States (and in most Western countries) to this day has not seriously incorporated relationships, social context, or community connectedness into the treatment of individuals with psychiatric diagnoses. For the “psychiatric” patients diagnosed according to the DSM‐5, the dominant underlying epistemological perspective is the medical “scientific” paradigm. Within this approach there is a dearth of reflections about the truthfulness of so‐called “empirical facts” and a lack of skepticism about the techniques of “measurement” of the psychiatric illness. The alternative, relationship‐oriented, context‐sensitive, and community‐connected thinking paradigm is highlighted here in contrast to the “psychiatric” foundation. This paradigm consists of (a) the awareness that all human Subjects (including “psychiatric” clients) are constituted as such by their relational connection to others; (b) the awareness of our sensitivity to and embeddedness in a socio‐economic, cultural, and racial context; and (c) the awareness of our involvement in and connectedness with many kinds of communities.
New product family demand planning: AddressingSKU‐level spread bias
Authors: Saunders Lance W. , Merrick Jason R. W. , Autry Chad W. , Holcomb Mary C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNew product supply chain planning is challenging, primarily due to the lack of historical demand data. Rarely, however, do the academic literature or companies differentiate the demand forecasting process for new products from existing ones, despite their increased reliance on judgmental estimates. This research focuses on how judgmental errors lead to an under‐estimation of the difference between the highest‐ and lowest‐demand stock‐keeping units (SKUs), and consequently negatively impact supply chain planning for new product family introductions. A generalized empirical model and accompanying discrete event simulation are developed and applied to data from a major consumer packaged goods (CPG) firm during the launch of a new cosmetics product family. This application allows us to identify a focal type of judgmental error (identified as the SKU‐level spread bias) inherent to new product forecasting and to provide a new theoretical understanding of how this type of bias harms supply chain performance. Via an empirically driven theory‐building approach that iterates between the simulation outcomes and existing literature, SKU‐level spread bias is demonstrated to harm demand forecasts and, thereby, supply chain plans. Our unique theory‐building approach advances theory by identifying planner SKU‐level spread bias as a new source of bias that firms should seek to mitigate when introducing new product families.
Suicide prevention: Introducing the Lothian Safekeeping Plan© for parents as a clinical innovation for use alongside safety plans for children and young people
Authors: Abbott‐Smith Susan , Dougall Nadine , Ring Nicola 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTopicInternationally, preventing suicide in children and young people is a priority and there are a range of preventative approaches available for health professionals to use, including brief interventions. Safety planning is one such brief intervention. Safety plans have long been recommended for use with young people who are suicidal but, these were initially developed for adults. A recent scoping review revealed safety plans need to be tailored to children and young people. This review also identified an important practice gap, that parents also require plans supporting them to keep their child safe.PurposeThis paper highlights how a Scottish clinical child and adolescent mental health setting in the UK's National Health Service developed and implemented evidence‐based safety plans for suicidality–the Lothian Safety Plan for young people and the Lothian Safekeeping Plan for parents. This paper outlines both plans and gives recommendations for their use by healthcare professionals. The parental Lothian Safekeeping Plan is discussed in more depth as this is a novel intervention.ConclusionThe Lothian Safekeeping Plan is a clinically led evidence‐based practice innovation. It is a specific suicide prevention plan for use by parents as an additional, complementary, and enhanced resource to the Lothian Safety Plan for young people. It is recommended that healthcare professionals also use a parental safety plan when supporting young people presenting with suicidal crisis. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of these plans.
Disease: An ill‐founded concept at odds with the principle of patient‐centred medicine
Authors: Arandjelović Ognjen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite the at least decades long record of philosophical recognition and interest, the intricacy of the deceptively familiar appearing concepts of ‘disease’, ‘disorder’, ‘disability’, and so forth, has only recently begun showing itself with clarity in the popular discourse wherein its newly emerging prominence stems from the liberties and restrictions contingent upon it. Whether a person is deemed to be afflicted by a disease or a disorder governs their ability to access health care, be it free at the point of use or provided by an insurer; it also influences the treatment of individuals by the judicial system and employers; it even affects one's own perception of self.AimsAll existing philosophical definitions of disease struggle with coherency, causing much confusion and strife, and leading to inconsistencies in real‐world practice. Hence, there is a real need for an alternative.Materials and MethodsIn the present article I analyse the variety of contemporary views of disease, showing them all to be inadequate and lacking in firm philosophical foundations, and failing to meet the desideratum of patient‐driven care.ResultsIlluminated by the insights emanating from the said analysis, I introduce a novel approach with firm ethical foundations, which foundations are rooted in sentience, that is the subjective experience of sentient beings.DiscussionI argue that the notion of disease is at best superfluous, and likely even harmful in the provision of compassionate and patient‐centred care.ConclusionUsing a series of presently contentious cases illustrate the power of the proposed framework which is capable of providing actionable and humane solutions to problems that leave the current theories confounded.
Emotions of endometriosis in clinical encounters: An analysis of women's experiences of health care
Authors: Abraham Julia M. , V. Rajasekaran 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundA large number of illnesses that lack physical visibility are characterised by troubled clinical encounters. Endometriosis is one such condition with very real and often debilitating symptoms that remain invisible to the clinician's eye, but are experienced and lived by the patient.MethodThis paper probes into two first person accounts of endometriosis to find out how endometriosis patients experience health care. The Tiger and the Cage: A Memoir of a Body in Crisis (2022) by Emma Bolden and Vagina Problems: Endometriosis, Painful Sex, and Other Taboo Topics (2020) by Lara Parker are both memoirs that details on the trivialisation and delegitimization of the women's accounts of their own lived reality by a health care system that often privileges medical evidence over lived experiences of the patients. After giving a brief introduction on the condition, the paper goes on to detail on the method and conceptual frameworks chosen for analysis. This is followed by an in‐depth analysis into the two texts using thematic analysis proposed by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke to identify shared patterns of meanings in the texts.DiscussionThe identified themes take the form of emotions repeatedly narrated by the women. The findings indicate instances of disrespect, epistemic invalidation and compromised autonomy, due to which six shared categories of negative emotions are experienced by the patients: self‐doubt, shame, fear, powerlessness, self‐blame and anger.ConclusionThe paper concludes by indicating the urgency of improved medical training, that better educates and facilitates health care professionals in dealing with conditions with complicated aetiology, difficult diagnosis and no cure.
Development and validation of a food frequency questionnaire to assess habitual iodine intake among women of childbearing age
Authors: Kelliher Lisa , Kiely Mairead E. , Hennessy Áine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdequate iodine status is critical for thyroid hormone synthesis, which is essential for foetal brain development. Suboptimal iodine status has been reported in young women across Europe. Although urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is a good indicator of recent exposure, it does not reflect habitual iodine intake. This study aimed to develop and validate an iodine‐specific food frequency questionnaire (I‐FFQ) to assess habitual intake in Irish women aged 18−50 years.MethodsA 47‐item interviewer‐administered I‐FFQ, informed by national food consumption data on Irish women aged 18–35 years, was developed and validated in a study of 100 nonpregnant women using a 4‐day weighed food diary (FD) and UIC as the reference methods. Correlation, cross‐classification and Bland–Altman analyses were used to assess agreement and bias between the I‐FFQ and FD. Validity coefficients were calculated using the method of triads.ResultsMedian (interquartile range [IQR]) UIC was 82 (49, 139) µg/L. Median (IQR) intakes were 161 (106, 217) and 133 (98, 182) µg/day for the I‐FFQ and FD, respectively (p = 0.001). Estimates were moderately correlated (r = 0.434), and the I‐FFQ classified 89% of participants into the same or adjacent tertile of intake as the FD. Validity coefficients for the I‐FFQ, FD and UIC were 0.542, 0.800 and 0.228, respectively. Though repeatability analyses 10 weeks later (n = 69) showed slight differences in estimates of intake (I‐FFQ1: 164 (104, 210) µg/day; I‐FFQ2: 132 (67, 237) µg/day), intakes were highly correlated between administrations (r = 0.627, p = 0.001).ConclusionsThe I‐FFQ provides a reasonable estimate of habitual iodine intake in young women.
Prepregnancy weight loss and maternal metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers during pregnancy: An analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Yu Yang , Ma Qianheng , Groth Susan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimWomen with overweight or obesity are recommended to lose weight before conception to optimize pregnancy outcomes. However, the obstetrical implications of prepregnancy weight loss have been minimally examined. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between prepregnancy weight loss and maternal metabolic and inflammatory profiles during a subsequent pregnancy.MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2003–2018). Participants were women who were pregnant at the time of assessment. Prepregnancy weight loss was described as percent weight change based on self‐reported baseline (1 year before pregnancy) and prepregnancy weight. Metabolic (e.g., blood pressure [BP]) and inflammatory biomarkers (i.e., high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [hs‐CRP]) were determined by standard medical tests. Statistical analyses included linear regressions with appropriate imputation, weighting, and variance estimation techniques.ResultsParticipants (N = 236) reported a mean percent weight loss of 4.6% (standard error [SE] = 0.3%) during the year before pregnancy. Regression models showed that prepregnancy weight loss was inversely associated with levels of total cholesterol (β = −1.24, p = 0.01), low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (β = −0.79, p < 0.01), and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (β = −0.18, p < 0.01). The effect of prepregnancy weight loss on BP, insulin sensitivity, and hs‐CRP was not significant, although there was a trend toward higher levels of diastolic BP (β = 0.24, p = 0.07) and hs‐CRP (β = 0.10, p = 0.08).ConclusionsThis study found favorable changes in lipid profiles following prepregnancy weight loss. Due to limitations such as a relatively small sample size, self‐reported weight measures, and missing data on several outcome variables, future studies are needed to confirm study findings.