bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a diagnostic platelet aggregation test strategy for platelet rich plasma samples with low platelet counts
Authors: Altahan Rahaf Mahmoud , Mathews Natalie , Bourguignon Alex , Tasneem Subia , Arnold Donald M. , Lim Wendy , Hayward Catherine P. M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionLight transmission aggregometry (LTA) is important for diagnosing platelet function disorders (PFD) and von Willebrand disease (VWD) affecting ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation (RIPA). Nonetheless, data is lacking on the utility of LTA for investigating thrombocytopenic patients and platelet rich plasma samples with low platelet counts (L‐PRP). Previously, we developed a strategy for diagnostic LTA assessment of L‐PRP that included: (1) acceptance of referrals/samples, regardless of thrombocytopenia severity, (2) tailored agonist selection, based on which are informative for L‐PRP with mildly or severely low platelet counts, and (3) interpretation of maximal aggregation (MA) using regression‐derived 95% confidence intervals, determined for diluted control L‐PRP (C‐L‐PRP).MethodsTo further evaluate the L‐PRP LTA strategy, we evaluated findings for a subsequent patient cohort.ResultsBetween 2008 and 2021, the L‐PRP strategy was applied to 211 samples (11.7% of all LTA samples) from 192 unique patients, whose platelet counts (median [range] × 109/L) for blood and L‐PRP were: 105 [13–282; 89% with thrombocytopenia] and 164 [17–249], respectively. Patient‐L‐PRP had more abnormal MA findings than simultaneously tested C‐L‐PRP (p‐values <0.001). Among patients with accessible electronic medical records (n = 181), L‐PRP LTA uncovered significant aggregation abnormalities in 45 (24.9%), including 18/30 (60%) with <80 × 109 platelets/L L‐PRP, and ruled out PFD, and VWD affecting RIPA, in others. The L‐PRP LTA strategy helped diagnose VWD affecting RIPA, Bernard Soulier syndrome, familial platelet disorder with myeloid malignancy, suspected ITGA2B/ITGB3‐related thrombocytopenia, and acquired PFD.ConclusionDiagnostic LTA with L‐PRP, using a strategy that considers thrombocytopenia severity, is feasible and informative.
GnRH antagonist monotherapy versus a GnRH agonist plus bicalutamide for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer; KYUCOG‐1401
Authors: Yokomizo Akira , Shiota Masaki , Morokuma Futoshi , Eto Masatoshi , Matsuyama Hideyasu , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Kamoto Toshiyuki , Terada Naoki , Kawahara Kazuya , Enokida Hideki , Tatarano Shuichi , Fujimoto Naohiro , Higasijima Katsuyoshi , Sakai Hideki , Hakariya Tomoaki , Igawa Tsukasa , Suekane Shigetaka , Kamba Tomomi , Sugiyama Yutaka , Kishimoto Junji , Naito Seiji 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo compare the effectiveness and safety of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist monotherapy to combined androgen blockade (CAB) with a GnRH agonist and bicalutamide in patients with advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC).MethodsThe study was conducted as KYUCOG‐1401 trial (UMIN000014243) and enrolled 200 patients who were randomly assigned to either group A (GnRH antagonist monotherapy followed by the addition of bicalutamide) or group B (CAB by a GnRH agonist and bicalutamide). The primary endpoint was PSA progression‐free survival. The secondary endpoints were the time to CAB treatment failure, radiographic progression‐free survival, overall survival, changes in serum parameters, including PSA, hormones, and bone and lipid metabolic markers, and adverse events.ResultsPSA progression‐free survival was significantly longer in group B (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.40, 1.01–1.95, p = 0.041). The time to CAB treatment failure was slightly longer in group A (HR, 95% CI; 0.80, 0.59–1.08, p = 0.146). No significant differences were observed in radiographic progression‐free survival or overall survival. The percentage of patients with serum testosterone that did not reach the castration level was higher at 60 weeks (p = 0.046) in group A. No significant differences were noted in the serum levels of bone metabolic or lipid markers between the two groups. An injection site reaction was more frequent in group A.ConclusionsThe present results support the potential of CAB using a GnRH agonist and bicalutamide as a more effective treatment for advanced HSPC than GnRH antagonist monotherapy.
Investigation of phenotypic, genetic and genomic background of Milk spectra in Sarda dairy sheep
Authors: Congiu Michele , Falchi Laura , Carta Silvia , Cesarani Alberto , Dimauro Corrado , Correddu Fabio , Macciotta Nicolò Pietro Paolo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAim of this study was to analyse the genetic background of milk Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra in dairy sheep. Individual milk FTIR spectra, with 1060 wavenumbers each, were available for 793 adult Sarda breed ewes genotyped at 45,813 SNP. The absorbance values of each wavenumber was analysed using a linear mixed model that included dim class, parity and lambing month as fixed effects and flock‐test date and animal as random effects. The model was applied to estimate variance components and heritability and to perform a genome‐wide association study for each wavenumber. Average h2 of wavenumbers absorbance was 0.13 ± 0.08, with the largest values observed in the regions associated with the characteristic bonds of carbonylic and methylenic groups of milk fat (h2 = 0.57 at 1724–1728 cm−1; and h2 = 0.34 at 2811–2834 cm−1, respectively). The absorbance values of wavenumbers were moderately correlated with the estimated heritabilities. After the Bonferroni correction, a total of nine markers were found to be significantly associated with 32 different wavenumbers. Of particular interest was the SNP s63269.1, mapped on chromosome 2, that was found to be associated with 27 wavenumbers. Genes previously found to be related to traits of interest (e.g. disease resistance, milk yield and quality, cheese firmness) are located close to the significant SNP. As expected, the heritability estimated for the absorbance of each wavenumbers seems to be associated with the related milk components.
Elevational range sizes of woody plants increase with climate variability in the Tropical Andes
Authors: Montaño‐Centellas Flavia , Fuentes Alfredo F. , Cayola Leslie , Macía Manuel J. , Arellano Gabriel , Loza M. Isabel , Nieto‐Ariza Beatriz , Tello J. Sebastián 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe climate variability hypothesis proposes that species subjected to wide variation in climatic conditions will evolve wider niches, resulting in larger distributions. We test this hypothesis in tropical plants across a broad elevational gradient; specifically, we use a species‐level approach to evaluate whether elevational range sizes are explained by the levels of thermal variability experienced by species.LocationCentral Andes.Time PeriodPresent day.TaxonWoody plants.MethodsCombining data from 479 forest plots, we determined the elevational distributions of nearly 2300 species along an elevational gradient (~209–3800 m). For each species, we calculated the maximum annual variation in temperature experienced across its elevational distribution. We used phylogenetic generalized least square models to evaluate the effect of thermal variability on range size. Our models included additional covariates that might affect range size: body size, local abundance, mean temperature and total precipitation. We also considered interactions between thermal variability and mean temperature or precipitation. To account for geometric constraints, we repeated our analyses with a standardized measure of range size, calculated by comparing observed range sizes with values obtained from a null model.ResultsOur results supported the main prediction of the climate variability hypothesis. Thermal variability had a strong positive effect on the range size, with species exposed to higher thermal variability having broader elevational distributions. Body size and local abundance also had positive, yet weak effects, on elevational range size. Furthermore, there was a strong positive interaction between thermal variability and mean annual temperature.Main ConclusionsThermal variability had an overriding importance in driving elevational range sizes of woody plants in the Central Andes. Moreover, the relationship between thermal variability and range size might be even stronger in warmer regions, underlining the potential vulnerability of tropical montane floras to the effects of global warming.
Effects of resistance training on alleviating hypoxia‐induced muscle atrophy: Focus on acetylation of FoxO1
Authors: Fu Pengyu , Zhu Rongxin , Gao Weiyang , Gong Lijing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study aims to explore the role of FoxO1 and its acetylation in the alleviation of hypoxia‐induced muscle atrophy by resistance training. Forty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: normoxic control group (C), normoxic resistance training group (R), hypoxic control group (H) and hypoxic resistance training group (HR). Rats in R and HR groups were trained on an incremental weight‐bearing ladder every other day, while those in H and HR groups were kept in an environment containing 12.4% O2. After 4 weeks, muscles were collected for analysis. Differentiated L6 myoblasts were analysed in vitro after hypoxia exposure and plasmids transfection (alteration in FoxO1 acetylation). The lean body mass loss, wet weight and fibre cross‐sectional area of extensor digitorum longus of rats were decreased after 4 weeks hypoxia, and the adverse reactions above was reversed by resistance training. At the same time, the increase in hypoxia‐induced autophagy was suppressed, which was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of nuclear FoxO1 and cytoplasmic Ac‐FoxO1 by resistance training. The L6 myotube diameter increased and the expression of autophagic proteins were inhibited under hypoxia via intervening by FoxO1 deacetylation. Overall, resistance training alleviates hypoxia‐induced muscle atrophy by inhibiting nuclear FoxO1 and cytoplasmic Ac‐FoxO1‐mediated autophagy.
Intestinal injury in paracetamol overdose (ATOM‐8)
Authors: Perananthan Varan , Shihana Fathima , Chiew Angela L , George Jacob , Dawson Andrew , Buckley Nicholas A 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimParacetamol, a widely used medication, is known for its delayed hepatotoxicity in cases of overdose. However, the potential for intestinal toxicity resulting from very high paracetamol concentrations during absorption is not well explored. This study aims to investigate the presence of intestinal toxicity and its correlation with observations in early and late paracetamol toxicity.MethodsSerial samples of 30 patients with acute paracetamol overdose (> 10 g or 200 mg/kg) were prospectively tested. Markers of enterocyte damage, including plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) and selected gut‐related microRNAs (miR‐21, miR‐122, miR‐194, and miR‐215), were analyzed. Sub‐analysis was performed on patients presenting with hyperlactatemia defined as a lactate greater than 2 mmol/L within 12 h post ingestion.ResultsIn paracetamol overdose patients, median plasma IFABP was significantly elevated compared with healthy controls (720 μg/L [interquartile range, IQR, 533–1644] vs 270 μg/L [IQR 153–558], P < 0.001). Four patients had early hyperlactatemia and had significantly higher median plasma IFABP compared with those without early hyperlactatemia (3028 μg/L [IQR 1399–3556] vs 574 μg/L [IQR 526–943], P = 0.007). Furthermore, two microRNAs (miR‐122 and miR‐215) were downregulated in early hyperlactatemia (P = 0.019 and P = 0.006, respectively). Plasma IFABP concentrations correlated with paracetamol concentration (Spearman's r = 0.55) and lactate (r = 0.60).ConclusionsParacetamol overdose causes concentration‐related intestinal toxicity, and this is a possible explanation for the early hyperlactatemia syndrome. Intestinal toxicity has potential impacts on pharmacokinetics of other agents ingested and on the evolution of hepatotoxicity. Further studies are required to explore the mechanisms and prognostic implications of intestinal toxicity.
A novel low‐power pure‐cut hot snare polypectomy for 10–14 mm colorectal adenomas: An ex vivo and a clinical prospective feasibility study (SHARP trial)
Authors: Imai Kenichiro , Hotta Kinichi , Ito Sayo , Kishida Yoshihiro , Takada Kazunori , Suwa Tetsuya , Ashizawa Hiroshi , Minamide Tatsunori , Yamamoto Yoichi , Yoshida Masao , Maeda Yuki , Kawata Noboru , Sato Junya , Ishiwatari Hirotoshi , Matsubayashi Hiroyuki , Oishi Takuma , Sugino Takashi , Mori Keita , Ono Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimHot snare polypectomy using blend or coagulation current is widely used; however, it causes deeper tissue heat injury, leading to adverse events. We hypothesized that hot polypectomy using low‐power pure cut current (PureCut, effect 1 10 W) could reduce deeper tissue heat injury. We conducted animal experiments to evaluate the deeper tissue heat injury and conducted a prospective clinical study to examine its cutting ability.MethodsIn a porcine rectum, hot polypectomy using Blend current (EndoCut, effect 3 40 W) and low‐power pure cut current was performed. The deepest part of heat destruction and thickness of the non‐burned submucosal layer were evaluated histologically. Based on the results, we performed low‐power pure cut current hot polypectomy for 10–14 mm adenoma. The primary endpoint was complete resection defined as one‐piece resection with negative for adenoma in quadrant biopsies from the defect margin.ResultsIn experiments, all low‐power pure‐cut resections were limited within the submucosal layer whereas blend current resections coagulated the muscular layer in 13% (3/23). The remaining submucosal layer was thicker in low‐power pure cut current than in blend current resections. In the clinical study, low‐power pure‐cut hot polypectomy removed all 100 enrolled polyps. For 98 pathologically neoplastic polyps, complete resection was achieved in 84 (85.7%, 95% confidence interval, 77–92%). The lower limit of the 95% confidence interval was not more than 15% below the pre‐defined threshold of 86.6%. No severe adverse events occurred.ConclusionsA novel low‐power pure‐cut hot polypectomy may be feasible for adenoma measuring 10–14 mm. (UMIN000037678).
Visualisation of microalgal lipid bodies through electron microscopy
Authors: Verwee Ellen , Van de Walle Davy , De Bruyne Michiel , Mienis Esther , Sekulic Mirna , Chaerle Peter , Vyverman Wim , Foubert Imogen , Dewettinck Koen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cryo‐scanning electron microscopy (cryo‐SEM) were evaluated for their ability to detect lipid bodies in microalgae. To do so, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Nannochloropsis oculata cells were harvested in both the mid‐exponential and early stationary growth phase. Two different cryo‐SEM cutting methods were compared: cryo‐planing and freeze‐fracturing. The results showed that, despite the longer preparation time, TEM visualisation preceded by cryo‐immobilisation allows a clear detection of lipid bodies and is preferable to cryo‐SEM. Using freeze‐fracturing, lipid bodies were rarely detected. This was only feasible if crystalline layers in the internal structure, most likely related to sterol esters or di‐saturated triacylglycerols, were revealed. Furthermore, lipid bodies could not be detected using cryo‐planing. Cryo‐SEM is also not the preferred technique to recognise other organelles besides lipid bodies, yet it did reveal chloroplasts in both species and filament‐containing organelles in cryo‐planed Nannochloropsis oculata samples.
Lived experience of critical care nurses serving in a war zone: A phenomenological study
Authors: Muhammad Gooshi , Zohre Vafadar , Hamid Peyrovi , Soleyman Heydari , Morteza Khaghanizade 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundWar has always been a part of human life, and nurses are among the first people to attend to the battlefield alongside the soldiers. Nurses' experiences of being in war zones have long been of interest to researchers. In the conflicts in Syria, Iranian nurses have played a crucial role in saving the lives of many people.AimThis qualitative study aims to explore the lived experience of Iranian critical care nurses deployed to battlefields in Syria between 2014 and 2020.Study DesignThis qualitative study adopted a hermeneutic phenomenology approach using Van Manen's methodology. The data was obtained through semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with 15 nurses who experienced war zones. Purposive sampling was used and interviews with the participants were conducted at the agreed place. Interviews were recorded, wrote verbatim and analysed with MAXQDA10 software. COREQ, a 32‐item checklist, guided method selection, data analysis and the findings' presentation.ResultsThe four main themes that emerged include ‘blossoming of talents on the battlefield’, ‘capable nurses at war’, ‘nursing jihad’ and ‘mental preoccupations’. These themes include 12 subthemes and 32 primary subthemes that explain the meaning of Iranian nurses being in war zones in Syria.ConclusionsNurses in the war zones of Syria gained valuable experiences of the blossoming of talents in themselves and others. The lived experiences of the nurses revealed that working in the war zones of Syria is a concept of nurses' capabilities. They considered being in the war zones of Syria as a form of nursing jihad. In spite of the many positive aspects of their experience, the nurses expressed their mental preoccupations during their deployment.Relevance to Clinical PracticeNursing care in a war zone for the critically wounded is a unique experience. The experience and ongoing impact of those experiences offer invaluable information for nursing and health policy stakeholders who are planning future deployments.
Considerations for liver transplantation in deoxyguanosine kinase deficiency: A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Duong Jennifer T. , Pacheco M. Cristina , Hsu Evelyn , Blondet Niviann 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundDeoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) deficiency is a rare mitochondrial disorder characterized by early onset liver failure and varying degrees of neurologic dysfunction. Patients typically present during infancy with progressive hepatic dysfunction leading to liver failure, which can precede neurologic deterioration. Outcomes posttransplantation are historically worse than average and the role of liver transplantation remains controversial. These factors, in combination with the increasing number of patients being diagnosed via molecular genetic testing, may impede waitlist access.MethodsWe report our single‐center experience with three patients with DGUOK deficiency, all of whom were considered for transplant. We review the current literature regarding management and discuss the role of liver transplantation in DGUOK deficiency‐associated liver failure.ResultsTwo patients presented with hypoglycemia, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, and lactic acidosis within the first week of life, were diagnosed with DGUOK deficiency prior to 2 months of age and had severe neurologic involvement. The third patient presented in later infancy was diagnosed with DGUOK deficiency at 18 months of age and had minimal neurologic involvement. All three patients were considered for transplant, though only two patients were listed. All three died from complications of end‐stage liver failure prior to liver transplantation between the ages of 5–20 months.ConclusionSelection for liver transplantation in DGUOK deficiency is complex, requiring a multidisciplinary team approach. Recent data suggest that liver transplantation can be successful in select patients with absent or mild neurologic manifestations. National databases reporting long‐term outcomes posttransplantation are needed.
Changes in graft outcomes in recipients <10 kg over 25 years of pediatric kidney transplantation in the United States
Authors: Kilduff Stella , Steinman Benjamin , Hayde Nicole 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundKidney transplant (KT) was initially associated with poor outcomes, especially in smaller recipients. However, pediatric transplantation has evolved considerably over time. We investigated the impact of weight at the time of transplant and whether outcomes changed over 25 years for <10 kg recipients.MethodsUsing the UNOS database, pediatric recipient outcomes were analyzed between 1/1/99 and 12/31/14. KT weight was stratified: <8.6 kg (mean weight of recipients <10 kg), 8.6–9.9 kg, 10–14.9 kg, 15–29.9 kg, and ≥30 kg. Outcomes in recipients <10 kg were then compared between 1990–1999 and 2000–2014.Results17 314 pediatric KT recipients were included; 518 (3%) had a transplant weight <10 kg. The highest rates of allograft loss and death were in recipients <8.6 kg and ≥30 kg. Recipients <8.6 kg also had higher rates of delayed graft function, rejection, and longer hospital length of stay. In the multivariable Cox regression model, transplant weight was not a predictor of allograft loss. When compared with recipients <8.6 kg, patient survival hazard ratios associated with recipient weight of 10–14.9 kg, 15–29.9 kg, and ≥30 kg were 0.61 (95%CI: 0.4, 1), 0.42 (95%CI: 0.3, 0.7) and 0.32 (95%CI: 0.2, 0.6), respectively. In the later era of transplant, recipients <10 kg had improved outcomes on univariate analysis; however, the era of transplantation was not an independent predictor of allograft loss or patient survival in Cox regression models.ConclusionsOutcomes in children weighing 8.6–9.9 kg at the time of KT were similar to higher weight groups and improved over time; however, special precautions should be taken for recipients <8.6 kg at the time of transplant.
Historic redlining and health outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Kraus Noa T. , Connor Sarah , Shoda Krista , Moore Scott Emory , Irani Elliane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the existing literature on the associations between historic redlining and modern‐day health outcomes across the lifespan.MethodThis review searched PubMed and CINAHL for peer‐reviewed, data‐based articles examining the relationship between historic redlining and any health outcome. Articles were appraised using the JBI critical appraisal checklist. The results were synthesized using a narrative summary approach.ResultsThirty‐six articles were included and focused on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular outcomes, breast cancer incidence and mortality, firearm injury or death, birth‐related outcomes, and asthma outcomes. Most of the included articles (n = 31; 86%) found significant associations between historic redlining and adverse health outcomes such as increased cardiovascular disease, higher rates of preterm births, increased cancer incidence, reduced survival time after breast cancer diagnosis, and increased firearm injury incidence.DiscussionThis review demonstrates the persistent effect of historic redlining on individuals’ health. Public health nurses should recognize redlining as a form of structural racism when caring for affected communities and should advocate for policies and programs that advance health equity. Nurse researchers should develop and test multilevel interventions to address systemic racism and improve health outcomes in communities affected by redlining.