bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diurnal activity budget and aggressive behaviour during feeding in captive Javan deer (Cervus timorensis)
Authors: Narami C R F C R , Limin N A , Hatta S N N F , Hatta S K M , Yusof N N M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Javan deer (Cervus timorensis) is an Indonesia’s native species which has been introduced to Malaysia and kept in captivity for various purposes such as deer farming, education and tourist attraction. Despite being farmed in Malaysia since early 1990s, very limited studies have been conducted to investigate the behaviour of captive Javan deer which is important as monitoring tool for their overall well-being. Therefore, in this study the diurnal activity of captive Javan deer and their aggressive behaviour during feeding were investigated. The activity budget was determine using instantaneous scan sampling while continuous observation was used to observe aggressive behaviour during feeding. From the results, adult deer showed significantly higher proportion in displaying alert and feeding behaviour compared to the juvenile. They also displayed significantly higher alert and feeding behaviour in the morning compared to the afternoon session. Juvenile on the other hand were observed to be more inactive compared to adult. During concentrate feeding, adult displayed significantly higher aggressive behaviour compared to the juvenile. As the study on activity budget can give insight on behavioural alteration due to environmental changes, further behavioural studies on Javan deer in different captivity should be conducted to enhance their welfare and general well-being.
Native arbuscular mycorrhiza colonization in seedling root of dogfruit (Archidendron pauciflorum) planted as seed-ball in field
Authors: Yuniar R , Sukarno N , Tanio R , Anwar S , Nugraha T S , Fadillah W N 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is a mutualistic symbiosis between soil fungi and plants, including dogfruit (Archidendron pauciflorum). Archidendron pauciflorum is a local plant from Southeast Asia, including Indonesia that is used for food and animal forest feed. Planting A. pauciflorum seedlings on revegetation land with a sharp slope is difficult and dangerous to workers. Therefore, seed-ball planting technique is required for revegetation of post-mining sharp slope areas. This research aimed to study the ability of the native AM fungi to colonize A. pauciflorum seedlings grown as a seed-ball in the field for revegetation purposes. The seed-ball was made using three types of fungal inoculum sources, namely control without AM fungi, natural forest, and stockpile inoculum. All colonization structures, such as entry points, coils, arbuscules, and vesicles, were observed. All seedlings were colonized by AM fungi, with root colonization ranging from 2% to 16%. Stockpile inoculum had a higher AM colonization than the natural forest inoculum. Both sources of native AM fungi tended to improve the growth of the seedling. There were two types of AM spores found in all treatments, Glomus sp. 1 and Glomus sp. 2. Glomus sp. 2 is the dominant species of AM fungi in all treatments.
Vegetation dynamics of permanent plot in dipterocarp forest Bukit Bangkirai, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Rosleine D , Dandi R , Susanti R , Pratama B A , Suzuki E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Vegetation dynamics in dipterocarp forest permanent plots after fire (1997-1998) is important to monitor due to the successional process. Monitoring was conducted from 2001 to 2013 to record tree individuals with a more than 4.8 cm diameter. The highest species diversity was found in 2013 (249 species), then decreased in 2022 (237 species). Dominant species during monitoring change from Macaranga gigantea (Euphorbiaceae) and Madhuca kingiana (Sapotaceae) (2001-2002) to M. gigantea (Euphorbiaceae) and Vernonia arborea (2005-2013) and then M. gigantea (Euphorbiaceae) and M. kingiana (Sapotaceae) (2022). Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) in 2022 indicates that species diversity in this permanent plot is high (4.85). The class diameter of trees in the permanent plot is dominated by small individuals (DBH <10 cm). The highest diameter increments are M. gigantea (0.42 cm year-1) and V. arborea (0.41 cm year-1) in the 5-10 cm diameter class. The highest tree recruitment found in 2005 (41.62%). Mortality rate from 2013-2022 was 3.16%, with high contribution from M. gigantea (141 individuals). Carbon storage value from 2001 to 2022 increased from 38.91 tons ha-1 (2001) to 114.29 tons ha-1 (2022). Successional process in this permanent plot needs to be monitored to assess forest health.
First identification of potential bioactive compounds from ethanol extracts of Lepista sordida from Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayat O D , Putra I P , Sibero M T , hermawan R , Karimah S N , Anita S H , Yanto D H Y , Kristanto M A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mushrooms species are well known to have a high potential for bioactive compounds for decades. In the era of modern technologies, it is possible to uncover and explore the hidden ethnopharmacological values, comprising complex bioactive compounds of substantial health benefits. Lepista sordida is an edible and medicinal mushroom, and its distributed from Europe to Southeast Asia. However, there was no prior study on the bioactive compounds of L. sordida from Indonesia. In this present study, ethanol extracts of L. sordida were obtained and their extract properties were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 13 different chemical compounds were found in L. sordida ethanol extracts through GC-MS analysis. 4-O-Methylmannose, n-Hexadecanoic acid, and cis-13-Octadecenoic acid were noted as the major compounds with area percentages of 10.09%, 8.19%, and 6.49%, respectively. The result of PASS Server analysis suggested that the ethanolic extract of L. sordida has the pharmaceutical effect to treat phobic disorder and skin damage, preventing blood clotting, anti-inflammatory, and treating several infections which cause by bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Therefore, it is strongly suggested to conduct further bioassay to confirm the pharmaceutical properties of this mushroom.
Fiber drink from Eucheuma cottonii and red dragon popping boba with honey pineapple extract
Authors: Amini R , Ekayanti I , Palupi E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The large production of Eucheuma cottonii, red dragon fruit, and honey pineapple in Indonesia offers economic and health potential, as it contains beneficial nutritional components such as fiber and bioactive compounds. This study aimed to formulate a dietary fiber drink with acceptable organoleptic properties and analyze the nutrient content, dietary fiber, antioxidants, and nutritional claims of the formulation of popping boba with honey pineapple extract. This study was conducted in a completely randomized design with a single factor, seaweed (RL) and red dragon (NM) formulation. The treatment in this study was the RL: NM formula in percent was 100:0 (F1), 80:20 (F2), 75:25 (F3), 70:30 (F4). The results showed that the F3 formula had a total of 5.76% dietary fiber with acceptable organoleptic properties based on the ranking test (1.8) and hedonic test (6.83 out of 9), strong antioxidant activity (88.97 ppm), and compliance with nutritional claims. The F3 formula showed compliance with dietary fiber source claims, acceptable organoleptic properties, and strong antioxidant activity, so it has the potential to be developed as a modern popping boba rich in fiber and antioxidants that is sustainable, functional, and profitable in economic value.
Growth capacity of hybridoma clones producing monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2 in low-serum media
Authors: Sulfîanti A , Sopandi V T , Ningsih F N 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are biorecognition molecules in the COVID-19 detection. Previously, we used the hybridoma technique to generate anti-Spike SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies. The resulting mAbs captured the commercial Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 on an indirect ELISA platform, and afterward, the hybridomas were adapted to live in low-serum media. However, a validated hybridoma cell and a specific mAb should be established due to its critical role in large-scale production. Hence, this study aimed to observe the hybridoma cell’s growth capacity and its mAbs production in low-serum media. Two hybridoma clones, SF2 and RF10, were grown in RPMI media supplemented with 3% FBS for 11 days. Their viable cell density, growth rate, and doubling time were measured and calculated. According to the data, the SF2 clone grew slower than the RF10 clone. However, SF2 had shown greater cell density on the logarithmic phase. This finding is linear to the ELISA result, showing that SF2 produces higher absorbance levels. These findings demonstrated that the SF2 clone had the potential to survive under low-serum circumstances and still produce mAbs. This clone might be used to produce mAbs against Spike protein SARS-CoV-2 at a low cost.
Expression of recombinant human insulin precursor by Pichia pastoris in a 10 liter bioreactor
Authors: Puspitasari D J , Mahsunah A H , Nurdiani D , Astuti R I , Meryandini A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recombinant insulin is a vital medicine for diabetic patients. This hormone is produced by microbes such as Pichia pastoris that carry the recombinant gene of a human insulin precursor (HIP). Large-scale protein production involves a bioreactor to promote the optimal condition for the yeast to express the protein target. In order to obtain a large amount of insulin, the cultivation of recombinant P.pastoris/pD902-IP carrying human insulin precursor gene in a bioreactor 10 Liter was developed. The isolate was cultivated in a half concentration of basal salt media for 124.5 hours. Induction of the protein was done by continual methanol feeding. The fermentation condition was set to have a temperature at 28°C, agitation at 300 rpm, aeration at 2 L/min and a pH value of around 5. Dry cell weight (DCW) was measured, and HPLC quantified the content of HIP, glycerol and methanol. This work’s DCW and HIP concentrations were 46.5 g/L and 928 mg/L, respectively. The results can be higher by increasing the number of cells in the culture or extending the cultivation time so that the HIP concentration may exceed 1 g/L.
Preparation, characterization, and in-vitro evaluation of liposome-coated chitosan nanoparticle as immune adjuvant candidate in RAW 264.7 cells
Authors: Tarwadi  , Adliani A D , Setyawati D R , Ningsih F N , Kurniawan D W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chitosan has been explored for various biological applications due to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this research, we prepared, characterized, and evaluated liposome-coated chitosan nanoparticles for immune adjuvant against bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a vaccine model. The liposome was formulated using DPPC, cholesterol, and DSPE-PEG with a molar ratio of 9.5:9.5:1. The BSA-chitosan nanoparticle was generated using the ionic gelation method prepared at pH 2.8, 5.5, and 8.7 before it was encapsulated with the liposome. The adjuvant was evaluated for its degree of encapsulation efficiency by Bradford reagent, and the particle size was determined using Zetasizer. Cell viability and nitric oxide release assays were carried out in RAW 264.7 cells. It was found that encapsulation efficiency was in the range of 72% to 85%, and the smallest particle size of the adjuvant-BSA was approximately ∼ 200 nm with a polydispersity index of ∼ 0.04. MTT assays have shown that cell viability was around 80%-90% compared to the control and capable of inducing nitric oxide release (p<0.05). Further exploration should be carried out in order to further discover cytokine release, humoral, and cellular immune responses.
Cognitive analysis based on EEG measurements on children with stunting-indicated in East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Syahidah S , Fitri L L , Kusumawardani S R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Children with stunting have been associated with delayed brain development and poor cognitive performance by a lack of attentional control. The aim of the present study was to determine characteristics of stunting children based on theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (12-30 Hz) oscillation at anterofrontal (AF) and temporoparietal (TP). This research involved two groups: Stunting Group (SG, N=14) and Control Group (C; N=8) from East Nusa Tenggara. EEG was recorded during an eyes-open condition at baseline and puzzle task. Our result revealed alteration of theta oscillation in SG AF8 and TP10 during puzzle task, supporting role of theta oscillation in higher working memory loads although it was not accompanied by proper TP connectivity. Higher alpha and beta AF7 activity in SG compared to control group implying decreasing attentional processing and higher arousal. According to Laterality Index (LI), we revealed alteration in temporoparietal SG during puzzle task. These findings provide new insights about theta, alpha, and beta oscillation in stunting children may reflect that declining attentional functioning during the puzzle task leads to poor cognitive performance.
Analysis of silicon-induced genes related to defense system in banana
Authors: Pambudi A , Maryanto B A , Effendi Y , Sudirman L I , Miftahudin M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Management of diseases in bananas, such as wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum, has not been effective in controlling the disease. Silicon (Si) can be used as an alternative practice to mitigate the disease. In several plants, Si increases resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The research aims to analyze the expression of several genes related to the defense system in banana cv. Raja sereh (AAB) plantlets induced by Si. The in-vitro banana plantlets were supplemented with three different Si concentrations (0, 1.6, and 2.4 mM) for eight weeks. Total RNA was isolated from whole plantlets using the organic extraction method. Expression analysis of AOS, ATP6V1A, PAL, PIP, PPO, PR1, WRKY33, and WRKY71 was done using the qRT-PCR with the Actin gene used as an internal control. The proline content of plantlets was also analyzed. The results showed that the banana plantlets significantly increased the proline content with the Si concentration. The WRKY33, WRKY71, AOS, and ATPV1 genes were upregulated with 1.6 mM Si treatment, then decreased at 2.4 mM Si. Meanwhile, the PAL, PIP, PPO, and PR1 genes were not upregulated with Si treatment and showed lower expression levels. Si could induce the defense system in bananas.
Design of Ir/Pt dual electrocatalysts loaded on exfoliated acetylene black for Li air battery application
Authors: Zhou Lihang , Higashimine Koichi , Badam Rajashekar , Matsumi Noriyoshi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study introduces a novel type of electrocatalysts, where Pt and Ir nanoparticles were incorporated onto exfoliated acetylene black (FAB) substrate. These electrocatalysts were engineered to exhibit dual activity, simultaneously facilitating both oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. The successful creation of these dual-function electrocatalysts, namely FAB180-Pt/Ir and FAB60-Pt/Ir, was confirmed through characterization techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). Ultimately, this bimetallic Pt-Ir catalyst, supported on exfoliated acetylene black (FAB), hold potential for application in Li-air batteries.
The effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on hospitalised adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Alqurashi Helal B , Robinson Katie , O’Connor Dominic , Piasecki Mathew , Gordon Adam L , Masud Tahir , Gladman John R F 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a treatment to prevent or reverse acquired disability in hospitalised adults. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of its effectiveness.

Method
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL) and the Cochrane library. Inclusion criteria: randomised controlled trials of hospitalised adult patients comparing NMES to control or usual care. The primary outcome was muscle strength. Secondary outcomes were muscle size, function, hospital length of stay, molecular and cellular biomarkers, and adverse effects. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. We used Review Manager (RevMan) software for data extraction, critical appraisal and synthesis. We assessed certainty using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool.

Results
A total of 42 papers were included involving 1,452 participants. Most studies had unclear or high risk of bias. NMES had a small effect on muscle strength (moderate certainty) (standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0.33; P &lt; 0.00001), a moderate effect on muscle size (moderate certainty) (SMD = 0.66; P &lt; 0.005), a small effect on walking performance (moderate certainty) (SMD = 0.48; P &lt; 0.0001) and a small effect on functional mobility (low certainty) (SMD = 0.31; P &lt; 0.05). There was a small and non-significant effect on health-related quality of life (very low certainty) (SMD = 0.35; P &gt; 0.05). In total, 9% of participants reported undesirable experiences. The effects of NMES on length of hospital stay, and molecular and cellular biomarkers were unclear.

Conclusions
NMES is a promising intervention component that might help to reduce or prevent hospital-acquired disability.
Developing a list of core competencies for medical aspects of healthcare delivery in care homes: scoping review and Delphi process
Authors: McCarthy Lauren , Borley Kayla , Ancelin Thomas , Carroll Rachael , Chadborn Neil , Blundell Adrian G , Gordon Adam L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Care home residents live with frailty and multiple long-term conditions. Their medical management is complex and specialised. We set out to develop a list of core competencies for doctors providing medical care in long-term care homes.

Methods
A scoping review searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CAB Abstracts, supplemented by grey literature from the Portal of Online Geriatrics Education and the International Association of Geriatrics and Gerontology, looking for core competencies for doctors working in care homes. These were mapped to the UK nationally mandated Generic Professional Competencies Framework. A Delphi exercise was conducted over three rounds using a panel of experts in care homes and medicine of older people. Competencies achieving 80% agreement for inclusion/exclusion were rejected/accepted, respectively.

Results
The scoping review identified 22 articles for inclusion, yielding 124 competencies over 21 domains. The Delphi panel comprised 23 experts, including 6 geriatricians, 4 nurses, 3 general practitioners, 2 advanced clinical practitioners, 2 care home managers, and one each of a patient and public representative, palliative care specialist, psychiatrist, academic, physiotherapist and care home audit lead. At the end of three rounds, 109 competencies over 19 domains were agreed. Agreement was strongest for generic competencies around frailty and weaker for sub-specialist knowledge about specific conditions and competencies related to care home medical leadership and management.

Conclusion
The resulting competencies provide the basis of a curriculum for doctors working in long-term care homes for older people. They are specialty agnostic and could be used to train general practitioners or medical specialty doctors.
SARS-CoV-2 induced vascular endothelial dysfunction: direct or indirect effects?
Authors: Lui Kathy O , Ma Zhangjing , Dimmeler Stefanie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Clinical evidence reveals that manifestations of endothelial dysfunction are widely observed in COVID-19 and long-COVID patients. However, whether these detrimental effects are caused by direct infection of the endothelium or are indirectly mediated by systemic inflammation has been a matter of debate. It has been well acknowledged that endothelial cells (ECs) of the cardiovascular system ubiquitously express the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), yet accumulating evidence suggests that it is more predominantly expressed by pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells of the mammalian blood vessel. Besides, replicative infection of ECs by SARS-CoV-2 has yet to be demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we review latest research on endothelial ACE2 expression in different vascular beds, and the heterogeneity in various EC subsets with differential ACE2 expression in response to SARS-CoV-2. We also discuss ACE2-independent alternative mechanisms underlying endothelial activation in COVID-19, and the clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2-induced endothelial dysfunction. Altogether, understanding ACE2-dependent and ACE2-independent mechanisms driving SARS-CoV-2-induced vascular dysfunction would shed light on strategies of more effective therapies targeting cardiovascular complications associated with COVID-19.
Mitochondrial lipid dynamics regulated by MITOL-mediated ubiquitination
Authors: Yamano Koji , Kinefuchi Hiroki , Kojima Waka 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites in mammals provide platforms for various reactions, such as calcium signaling, lipid metabolism, organelle dynamics and autophagy. To fulfill these tasks, a number of proteins assemble at the contact sites including MITOL/MARCHF5, a critical mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase. How MITOL regulates mitochondrial function from the contact site, however, has been largely unresolved. Recently, a new role for MITOL in the active transport of phosphatidic acid from the ER to mitochondria was reported. In this commentary, we briefly summarize our current understanding of mitochondria–ER contact sites and discuss the recently elucidated mechanism of MITOL fine-tuning phospholipid transfer activity through ubiquitination.
Tophaceous gouty arthritis with spondylolysis: a case report
Authors: Ye Yongsheng , Deng Fangyue , Luo Jiahui , Huang Xiongfei , Qu Xiliang , Zhuang Shabin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Spinal gout is a rare occurrence, and the combination of gout with lumbar spondylolysis has not been reported. We present a unique case involving a 29-year-old male who complained of low back pain for 1 month. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed articular subchondral erosions and a mass in the left L5-S1 facet joints. Initially treated for a spinal infection, the patient subsequently underwent lumbar spinal canal decompression and fusion, achieving complete relief. Postoperative pathology confirmed the spinal lesions to be tophaceous gout. Dual-energy CT or biopsy can assist in confirming the diagnosis. This report discusses another rare case of tophaceous gouty arthritis with spondylolysis to be added to the literature.