bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Blade and Solidity on the Performance of H-Darrieus Hydrokinetic Turbines by CFD Simulation
Authors: Cardona-Cárdenas José Daniel , Zuluaga Diego Andrés Hincapié , Marín Juan Gonzalo Ardila , Faria Rafael de Oliveira , Vanegas Carlos Alberto Ramírez 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: In the present work, the 2D design of H-Darrieus turbines with a diameter of 900 mm and NACA blades 0018, 0025, 2415, and 4415 has been carried out for the solidity values of 0,5; 1 and 1,5. In order to know its maximum performance.

Method/design/approach: The 2D simulations were developed with the ANSYS® FLUENT package in the transient state, varying the angular velocity (ω) for a peak velocity ratio (TSR) of 1 to 7 and the SST K-ω turbulence model, for a constant water flow rate of 1 m/s. This in order to know the results of the torque (Nm) generated and thus calculate the power coefficient (Cp).

Results and conclusion: The NACA 0018 blade reached a power coefficient of 0,604 for a solidity of 0,5, followed by NACA 2415 blade at the same solidity with a maximum Cp of 0,594. On the other hand, the NACA 0025 blade for solidity of 1 reached a maximum Cp value of 0,570, while the NACA 4415 profile with a solidity of 1,5 obtained a maximum value of 0.495.

Research implications: These results of maximum Cp values were given in a TSR range of 2 to 4 with a mean value of 3,5 for NACA profiles 0018 and 2415. Thus, evidencing the behavior of this type of turbine reaching maximum values to then begin to decrease.

Originality/value: The present work contributes to the understanding of the impact of geometrical parameters on the operating coefficient of H-Darrieus.
Why don’t People Cooperate? Exploring the Lack of Cooperation Through the use of Experiments
Authors: Mussi Fabricio Baron , Catapan Anderson , Tortato Ubiratã 
Published: October 2023

Objective: This study sought to investigate, from the perspective of Game Theory, the reasons for the “non-cooperation” of certain groups that depend on a specific reservoir for water supply, considering the influence of economic incentives.

Method: Public good game experiments were carried out with 60 recyclable material collectors, 63 indigenous people, 55 university students and 68 professional fishermen. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews complemented the data collection strategy.

Results and conclusion: Among the main results, we can mention the opportunistic behavior in the group of collectors, sociocultural issues in the indigenous context, the perception of inequality of earnings among students, individual work and independence from the group, in this case of fishermen. It appears that understanding this multiplicity of factors involved in the decision not to cooperate can encourage new discussions regarding the formulation of policies aimed at preserving public goods, going beyond the mere use of punishment and reward based on inspection actions.

Originality/value: The need to understand the context of these groups, and others equally benefiting from certain public goods, would be valuable to reduce non-cooperative behavior.
ANALISIS USAHA PEMBENIHAN IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariephinus) (Studi Kasus di Pokdakan Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera Desa Nagarapageuh Kecamatan Panawangan Kabupaten Ciamis)
Authors: Cahya Ekis Aura , Yusuf Muhamad Nurdin , Aziz Saepul 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di pokdakan Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera Desa Nagarapageuh Kecamatan Panawangan Kabupaten Ciamis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : 1) Besarnya biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan pada pokdakan Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera Desa Nagarapageuh Kecamatan Panawangan Kabupaten Ciamis per satu kali proses pembenihan. 2) Besarnya nilai R/C pada pokdakan Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera Desa Nagarapageuh Kecamatan Panawangan Kabupaten Ciamis per satu kali proses pembenihan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Nagarapageuh Kecamatan Panawangan Kabupaten Ciamis dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Penarikan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling pada pokdakan Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : 1) Besarnya total biaya pada pokdakan Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera Desa Nagarapageuh Kecamatan Panawangan Kabupaten Ciamis Rp 10.544.420,83, besarnya penerimaan Rp 17.000.000, besarnya pendapatan Rp 6.455.579,17 dan besarnya nilai R/C 1,61 dalam satu kali proses pembenihan. Kata Kunci : Analisis, Ikan Lele, Usaha Pembenihan, Pendapatan.. ABSTRACTThis research was conducted in the pokdakan Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera, Nagarpageuh Village, Panawangan District, Ciamis Regency. This study aims to determine: 1) The amount of costs, revenues and income at the Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera pokdakan, Nagarpageuh Village, Panawangan District, Ciamis Regency per one seedling process. 2) The amount of R/C value in the pokdakan Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera, Nagarpageuh Village, Panawangan District, Ciamis Regency per one seedling process. This research was conducted in Nagarpageuh Village, Panawangan District, Ciamis Regency using the case study method. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling at the Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera pokdakan. The results showed that: 1) The total cost of the Taruna Mandiri Sejahtera pokdakan, Nagarpageuh Village, Panawangan District, Ciamis Regency was Rp. 10,544,420.83, the amount of revenue was Rp. 17,000,000, the amount of income was Rp. 6,455,579.17 and the value of R/C 1,61 in one seedling process. Keywords : Analysis, Catfish, Hatchery Business, Income
EVALUASI KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL AGROINDUSTRI KOPI BUBUK DI KELURAHAN SUMBER AGUNG KECAMATAN KEMILING KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG (STUDI KASUS KOPI BUBUK CAP GUNUNG BETUNG)
Authors: Ningtyas Luviana Ayu , Abidin Zainal , Murniati Ktut 
Published: October 2023

Kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap kopi terus meningkat sejalan dengan kenaikan jumlah penduduk. Provinsi Lampung menduduki peringkat ke dua sebagai penghasil kopi robusta terbesar di Indonesia, tetapi kurangnya studi mengenai kelayakan usaha terutama dari aspek finansial membuat investor ataupun pemerintah tidak memiliki gambaran yang cukup untuk melakukan investasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan non finansial dan finansial pengembangan usaha. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Agroindustri Kopi Cap Gunung Betung yang berada di Kelurahan Sumber Agung, Kecamatan Kemiling Kota Bandar Lampung. Waktu pengumpulan data pada Bulan Maret s.d. Agustus 2021. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pengelola agroindustri yang berjumlah satu orang pemilik dan enam orang karyawan agroindustri. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis kelayakan finansial usaha dengan beberapa kriteria berupa Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate Return (IRR), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C), Gross Benefit Cost Ratio (Gross B/C), dan Payback Period (PP), serta analisis sensitivitas dengan metode switching value. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan Agroindustri Kopi Cap Gunung Betung ditinjau dari aspek non finansial layak untuk dilakukan, tetapi masih memerlukan perbaikan pada aspek manajemen dan sumber daya terkait dengan kualitas tenaga kerja, perekrutan, dan penentuan jam kerja. Pengembangan Agroindustri Kopi Cap Gunung Betung ditinjau dari aspek kelayakan finansial layak untuk dilakukan, karena memenuhi seluruh kriteria investasi yang terdiri dari, NPV, IRR, net B/C, gross B/C, dan PP. Kelayakan finansial pengembangan Agroindustri Kopi Bubuk Cap Gunung Betung masih tetap layak, meski terjadi penurunan harga jual kopi bubuk, kenaikan harga bahan baku, dan penurunan produksi kopi bubuk.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PADA AGROINDUSTRI KERIPIK SINGKONG
Authors: Yunistriani Risa , Noor Trisna Insan , Isyanto Agus Yuniawan 
Published: October 2023

Agroindustri Arista merupakan industri pengolah singkong menjadi keripik singkong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1). Besarnya biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan Agroindustri keripik singkong. 2). Besarnya nilai tambah yang diperoleh dari pengolahan singkong menjadi keripik singkong. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus pada agroindustri keripik singkong di Desa Muktisari Kecamatan Cipaku Kabupaten Ciamis. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Data primer dan sekunder dengan Teknik wawancara dan pencatatan. Teknik penarikan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive sampling yaitu pada agroindustri keripik singkong Arista. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : 1). Biaya yang dikeluarkan satu kali proses produksi sebesar Rp 894.869,97 penerimaan Rp 1.600.000, sehingga dan pendapatan sebesar Rp 705.130,03 . 2). Nilai tambah yang diperoleh pada agroindustri keripik singkong sebesar Rp 11.300 dalam satu kali proses produksi. Kata kunci : Agroindustri, Biaya, Pendapatan, Nilai Tambah, Keripik Singkong Arista Agroindustry is an industry that processes cassava into cassava chips. This study aims to determine 1). The cost, revenue and income of the cassava chip agroindustry. 2). The amount of added value obtained from processing cassava into cassava chips. The type of research used is a case study on cassava chips Agroindustry in Muktisari Village, Cipaku District, Ciamis Regency. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data with interview and recording techniques. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling, namely the Arista cassava chips agroindustry. The results showed that: 1). The cost incurred in one production process is Rp. 894.869,97, which is Rp. 1.600.000, so that the income is Rp. 705,130,03. 2). The added value obtained in the cassava chips Agroindustri is Rp. 11.300 in one production process. Keywords : Agroindustry, Cost, Income, Value Added, Cassava Chips
Radiologically inserted gastrostomy tube in neurological disease: A retrospective study
Authors: Zaita Brittany Marie , Ghosh Abheek , Lee Sean , Raymond Aislynn , Agnihotri Tanvir , Akhter Nabeel M. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives:
This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of balloon and non-balloon (or dilator) gastrostomy devices in radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG) for patients with neurological disease.

Material and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 152 patients was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from July 2017 to September 2020. 104 and 48 patients were included in the balloon and non-balloon groups, respectively. The frequency of complications per specific neurological indication as well as the breakdown of the different complications pertaining to each indication was recorded for analysis. The recovery time, fluoroscopy time, contrast volume, peak radiation, and pain management dosages for each procedure were all reviewed to evaluate for statistical differences between the balloon and non-balloon groups. An adjusted model odds ratio (OR) was conducted to evaluate how each of the variables (type of gastrostomy tube, body mass index [BMI], age, and gender) affected the frequency of complications within our cohort.

Results:
This study included 152 patients, with an average age of 65.17 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 12.66) and an average BMI of 26.97 (IQR = 7.19). The majority of patients were male (71.1%). The most common indication for the procedure was stroke (24.3%), followed by post-intubation dysphagia (16.4%) and intracranial hemorrhage (11.8%). Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and altered mental status had a similar prevalence at 9.9%. The overall complication rate was 33.8%, overall mortality rate 3.3%, 30-day mortality rate of 2.6%, and no other major complications according to CIRSE criteria. Notably, patients with neurodegenerative disorders exhibited comparable rates of minor complications: 33.3% in ALS (5/15 patients), 50% in myasthenia gravis (1/2 patients), and 100% in muscular dystrophy (1/1 patient). The study compared two groups: the balloon group (104 patients) and the dilator group (48 patients). The balloon group received significantly lower preoperative sedation in the form of fentanyl (Avg = 4.46 min vs. 6.54 min, P = 0.287). The balloon group had shorter fluoroscopy time, lower radiation exposure dose, and shorter operating time compared to the dilator group, though not statistically significant. In the logistic regression model, there was no statistical difference in complication rates between the dilator and balloon groups. BMI, age, and gender did not significantly affect minor complication rates.

Conclusion:
RIG tube insertions may serve as a valuable, alternative approach in providing enteral support in patients with neurological disease.
Sleeve gastrectomy versus endoscopic intragastric balloon in decreasing weight and associated comorbidities in Erbil city: A comparative study
Authors: Saeed Ahmed Baderkhan 
Published: October 2023

Background: Surgical obesity treatment is difficult for both surgeons and patients. The three main categories of bariatric surgery procedures are malabsorptive, restrictive, or both in combination. Intragastric balloon (IB) is an easily applicable restrictive interventional and nonsurgical strategy for obese patients, and the surgical procedure known as laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is frequently used to help obese patients decrease weight.
Objective: To assess and compare these two restrictive approaches.
Patients and Methods: A prospective study of 138 LSG patients was conducted, (n=82) and IB (n=56) between 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2021 in private hospitals in Erbil, Iraq. The study retrospectively evaluates patients' demographic information, changes in total body weight (TBW), changes in body mass index (BMI), and percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), morbidities and change of comorbidities during a year of follow-up, at months 1, 3, 6, and 12 after surgery. Comparative analysis was undertaken for the follow-up results after 6 and 12 months.
Results: In the IB group, 12 patients did not tolerate insertion, leaving 56; in the LSG group, 82 patients completed treatment. In terms of age (p=0.121), gender (p=0.242), and BMI (p=0.078), there were no statistical differences between the IB and LSG groups. The LSG group achieved statistically significant superior treatment outcomes in terms of changes in TBW, BMI, and %EWL.
Conclusion: Both LSG and IB are beneficial in the short term for helping obese patients lose weight. IB has the benefit of being performed as an outpatient procedure with less complications, but it is less successful in helping people lose weight than LSG. The best options for various patient groups in terms of clinical outcomes and health system effectiveness must be determined through prospective, randomized control studies.
Molecular detection of blaTEM, blaSHV,and blaCTX-M genes among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from cases with urinary tract infection in Erbil city-Iraq
Authors: K Ahmed , Kharman , A Hawezy Aumed 
Published: October 2023

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most popular type of diagnosed bacterial illness, and the most frequent cause of bacteria responsible for UTIs is Escherichia coli (E. coli). β-lactamases are the most frequent resistance for gram-negative bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics, especially in E. coli. The number of patients infected by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing E. coli was rising and regarded as a significant global health problem.
Objective: evaluate how frequently blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes were detected in E. coli isolated from UTIs.
Patients and Methods: We collected 54 midstream urine samples from patients with symptomatic UTIs, in all age groups, from the outpatient department in Erbil hospitals from October 1, 2021 to April 1, 2022 for the isolation of E. coli. All samples were analyzed for the detection of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX genes using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.
Results: Most of the samples were taken from females (61.11%); according to their ages, they were divided into two groups, and most of the samples (74.07%) were taken from patients below 40 years old. PCR testing for all ESBL-producing E. coli isolate samples revealed that 16S rRNA 797 was the most frequently detected gene in all analyzed samples (100%), while it was less frequently detected in blaCTX 585 (48.15%).
Conclusion: Colonization with S. aureus and MRSA inversely correlated with younger This found that elevated ESBL genes in E. coli isolated from symptomatic UTIs in our community increase the risk of possible resistance.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Post-Thyroidectomy Stridor
Authors: Salih Abdul-Zahra, Aziz , Hameed Abd Al-Helfy , Sajid , Abass Abdulhassan Bashar 
Published: October 2023

Background: Thyroidectomy is a common procedure performed by the general surgeons. Stridor is an airway sign caused by a variety of post-thyroidectomy complications.
Objective: To determine the incidence of post-thyroidectomy stridor and the risk factors associated with its occurrence.
Patients and Methods: The study included 280 adult patients who had total or partial thyroidectomy performed by various surgeons. Patients were followed up for 6 months after they were discharged from the hospital. Data collected included demographic information, type of thyroid disease, duration of illness before surgery, type of surgery, number of intubation attempts, and the presence of hoarseness and hematoma post-operatively.
Results: Only eighteen patients (6.43%) who underwent thyroidectomy developed stridor during the follow-up period. They were compared to 25 other patients who were chosen from the original sample based regular visit of patients during the follow up. Higher body mass index (BMI), bilateral thyroidectomy, presence of concomitant hoarseness and hematoma, and more than one attempt at intubation were all associated with an increased risk of post-thyroidectomy stridor.
Conclusion: Stridor affects only a small percentage of patients undergoing thyroidectomy. Increased BMI, bilateral thyroidectomy, presence of concomitant hoarseness and hematoma, and frequent tracheal intubation are the most common risk factors for post-thyroidectomy stridor.
Postoperative Bowel and Urinary Dysfunction of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
Authors: Sabah Perdawd Salar 
Published: October 2023

Background: Teratomas are composed of multiple tissues foreign to the organ or site from which they arise. Although teratomas are sometimes defined as having three embryonic layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm), and are generally divided into gonadal and extragonadal types. The most common extragonadal type being sacrococcygeal teratomas which constitute the most prevalent childhood germ-cell cancers.
Objective: To assess postoperative bowel and urinary dysfunction in babies with sacrococcygeal teratomas
Patients and Methods: 23 patients having sacrococcygeal teratomas were received at the time between May 2014 to September 2022 at the department of pediatric surgery in Raparen Teaching Hospital in Erbil city.All recorded data from case note, operation notes together with demographic data and operative details obtained and recorded . The follow-up time span was between three months to seven years.
Results: The age range was from 1 day to 4year, (median 3 days) , Presenting features include posterior sacral mass in 17 cases (73.9%), pelviabdominal mass in 5 cases (21.7%), urinary retention in 4 cases (17.4%), palpable rectal mass in 2 cases 98.7%), intestinal obstruction in 1 case (4.3%), and constipation in 4 cases (17.4%). Eight cases (34.8%) were type I, 6 cases (26.1%) type II and III, and 3 cases (13%) were type IV. postoperative complications were wound infection in 4 patients (17.4%), constipation in 5 cases (21.7%), 1 (4.3%) ugly scar arranged for aesthetic operation, fistula 1(4.3%) case, recurrence in 1(4.3%).
Conclusion: Patients with sacrococcygeal teratoma were more likely to experience uncontrolled urination, difficulties emptying the bladder, pyelonephritis, and constipation than healthy children. Children with big and immature teratomas had a higher prevalence of dysfunctional outcomes.
Assessment of Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity Syndrome in Subjects Lived Near Mobile Phone Base Station: Gender Based Study
Authors: T Ibrahim, Ibrahim , M. Al-Deen, Suad , S.M. Al-Nimer, Marwan , Abdulkareem Yahya Ali 
Published: October 2023

Background: Electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome (EHS) is subjective clinical ‎signs and symptoms caused by exposure to the electromagnetic field.
Objective: To show the gender distribution of each category of EHS in people who lived near the mobile ‎phone base station. ‎
Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the College of Medicine, University of Diyala. A total number of 196 individuals (128 men and 68 women) ‎lived within a 1500 m distance away from the mobile phone base station in the Diyala ‎province in the North East of Baghdad-Iraq included in the study. The authors ‎interviewed the participants and completed the EHS questionnaires.
Results: Participants reported high scores of sleep disturbances, anxiety, and mood ‎fluctuation compared with other complaints. Men had significantly higher scores of ‎transient deafness and migraine-like headache compared with women. There were no ‎significant differences between men and women with subjective signs and symptoms ‎related to the cardiovascular system or skin. Multi-variable linear regression data ‎revealed a significant correlation (R=0.253) between the total scores of EHS with the ‎age, distance from the base station, and the onset of the illnesses). ‎
Conclusion: We conclude that men who lived in the vicinity of the mobile phone base ‎station are significantly vulnerable to sleep disorder, anxiety, and fluctuation of ‎mood induced by electromagnetic radiation.
The role of magnetic resonance imaging technique in detection dentofacial pattern among Diyala Governorate population
Authors: Hakiem Tawfieq Ali 
Published: October 2023

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging is accepted as the most advanced imaging modality for diagnosis of maxillofacial soft tissue abnormalities. It is noninvasive and has the potential to yield high quality tomographic imaging in any plane with bone as well as soft tissue spatial resolution. Additionally, the patient is not exposed to ionizing radiation or any biological hazards.
Objective: To determine the depth of masseter muscle in various vertical dentofacial shapes and to relate masseter muscle depth with craniofacial shapes using magnetic resonance imaging technique (MRI).
Patients and Methods: Thirty youthful, healthy people overall between the ages of 16 and 40 were chosen and divided into three groups of ten, using (MRI), categorize each as a vertical, average, and horizontal grower. The concepts masseter muscles had their different anatomical dimensions sagittal, axial, and coronal directions utilizing MRI perspectives.
Results: Our study found the difference is significant when comparing between the growth patterns in both direction (horizontal and vertical)(p<0.05), also the direction of muscle fibers of masseter muscle (anterior and posterior) away from first molar to the zygomatic arch was saved. In contrast to the horizontal list, when the fibers are attached anteriorly and vertically at the jaw angle, we discovered in our research that the direction of the muscle fibers is toward the posterior side more than anterior side and at a sharper angle.
Conclusion: The study found that the muscle fibers in the extra posterior direction had a steeper angle than the horizontal group, with the vertical fiber orientation having an anterior connection at the angle of the mouth.