bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A strategic neurological research agenda for Europe: Towards clinically relevant and patient‐centred neurological research priorities
Authors: Boon Paul , Lescrauwaet Emma , Aleksovska Katina , Konti Maria , Berger Thomas , Leonardi Matilde , Marson Tony , Kallweit Ulf , Moro Elena , Toscano Antonio , Rektorova Irena , Crean Michael , Sander Anja , Joyce Robert , Bassetti Claudio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeNeurological disorders constitute a significant portion of the global disease burden, affecting >30% of the world's population. This prevalence poses a substantial threat to global health in the foreseeable future. A lack of awareness regarding this high burden of neurological diseases has led to their underrecognition, underappreciation, and insufficient funding. Establishing a strategic and comprehensive research agenda for brain‐related studies is a crucial step towards aligning research objectives among all pertinent stakeholders and fostering greater societal awareness.MethodsA scoping literature review was undertaken by a working group from the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) to identify any existing research agendas relevant to neurology. Additionally, a specialized survey was conducted among all EAN scientific panels, including neurologists and patients, inquiring about their perspectives on the current research priorities and gaps in neurology.ResultsThe review revealed the absence of a unified, overarching brain research agenda. Existing research agendas predominantly focus on specialized topics within neurology, resulting in an imbalance in the number of agendas across subspecialties. The survey indicated a prioritization of neurological disorders and research gaps.ConclusionsBuilding upon the findings from the review and survey, key components for a strategic and comprehensive neurological research agenda in Europe were delineated. This research agenda serves as a valuable prioritization tool for neuroscientific researchers, as well as for clinicians, donors, and funding agencies in the field of neurology. It offers essential guidance for creating a roadmap for research and clinical advancement, ultimately leading to heightened awareness and reduced burden of neurological disorders.
Critical role of water conditions in the responses of autumn phenology of marsh wetlands to climate change on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Shen Xiangjin , Shen Miaogen , Wu Chaoyang , Peñuelas Josep , Ciais Philippe , Zhang Jiaqi , Freeman Chris , Palmer Paul I. , Liu Binhui , Henderson Mark , Song Zhaoliang , Sun Shaobo , Lu Xianguo , Jiang Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau, housing 20% of China's wetlands, plays a vital role in the regional carbon cycle. Examining the phenological dynamics of wetland vegetation in response to climate change is crucial for understanding its impact on the ecosystem. Despite this importance, the specific effects of climate change on wetland vegetation phenology in this region remain uncertain. In this study, we investigated the influence of climate change on the end of the growing season (EOS) of marsh wetland vegetation across the Tibetan Plateau, utilizing satellite‐derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data and observational climate data. We observed that the regionally averaged EOS of marsh vegetation across the Tibetan Plateau was significantly (p < .05) delayed by 4.10 days/decade from 2001 to 2020. Warming preseason temperatures were found to be the primary driver behind the delay in the EOS of marsh vegetation, whereas preseason cumulative precipitation showed no significant impact. Interestingly, the responses of EOS to climate change varied spatially across the plateau, indicating a regulatory role for hydrological conditions in marsh phenology. In the humid and cold central regions, preseason daytime warming significantly delayed the EOS. However, areas with lower soil moisture exhibited a weaker or reversed delay effect, suggesting complex interplays between temperature, soil moisture, and EOS. Notably, in the arid southwestern regions of the plateau, increased preseason rainfall directly delayed the EOS, while higher daytime temperatures advanced it. Our results emphasize the critical role of hydrological conditions, specifically soil moisture, in shaping marsh EOS responses in different regions. Our findings underscore the need to incorporate hydrological factors into terrestrial ecosystem models, particularly in cold and dry regions, for accurate predictions of marsh vegetation phenological responses to climate change. This understanding is vital for informed conservation and management strategies in the face of current and future climate challenges.
Single‐cell sequencing identifies inflammation‐promoting fibroblast–neutrophil interaction in peri‐implantitis
Authors: Mo Jia‐ji , Lai Yi‐rao , Huang Qian‐ru , Li Yin‐ran , Zhang Yi‐jie , Chen Rui‐ying , Qian Shu‐jiao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo reveal the cellular composition and molecular environment of the periodontal and peri‐implant inflammatory infiltrates through a single‐cell sequencing technique, which may explain the pathological difference between these two diseases. A special focus was placed on the phenotypes and potential roles of neutrophils and fibroblasts in peri‐implant/periodontal tissue immunity.Materials and MethodsHigh‐throughput single‐cell transcriptomic profiling of peri‐implant tissues from patients with peri‐implantitis as well as periodontal tissues from patients with periodontitis and healthy donors was performed. Immunofluorescence analysis was carried out to further validate the identified cell subtypes and their involvement in peri‐implantitis and periodontitis.ResultsBased on our single‐cell resolution analysis, a quantified proportional increase of neutrophil (Neu) subtypes was shown in peri‐implantitis. Among these, a predominance of Neutro_CXCR2 was revealed. We also found the involvement of inflammation‐promoting fibroblasts as well as a predominance of CXCL8+ fibroblast–CXCR2+ neutrophil interaction in peri‐implantitis.ConclusionsOur study indicated that the predominance of CXCL8+ fibroblast–CXCR2+ neutrophil interaction might underline the enhanced host response in peri‐implantitis compared with periodontitis. This information offers a molecular basis by which fibroblast and neutrophil subtypes might be diagnostically and therapeutically targeted in peri‐implantitis.
The role of media connections in seasoned equity offerings
Authors: García‐Feijóo Luis , Gropper Daniel , Hossain Md Miran , Javakhadze David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe present evidence that corporate connections to the media are associated with a greater likelihood of a seasoned equity offering (SEO), more negative announcement returns, and poorer long‐term performance. The effect of media connections on announcement returns is more pronounced for firms with higher information asymmetry, greater financial constraints, and lower advertising expenditures. Media connections are positively associated with media coverage and sentiment before the SEO announcements. Our findings are consistent with the notion that SEO issuers use their connections with media firms to actively manage media coverage and successfully offer new equity.
Preconceptional and in utero exposure of sheep to a real‐life environmental chemical mixture disrupts key markers of energy metabolism in male offspring
Authors: Ghasemzadeh‐Hasankolaei Mohammad , Elcombe Chris S. , Powls Samantha , Lea Richard G. , Sinclair Kevin D. , Padmanabhan Vasantha , Evans Neil P. , Bellingham Michelle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOver recent decades, an extensive array of anthropogenic chemicals have entered the environment and have been implicated in the increased incidence of an array of diseases, including metabolic syndrome. The ubiquitous presence of these environmental chemicals (ECs) necessitates the use of real‐life exposure models to the assess cumulative risk burden to metabolic health. Sheep that graze on biosolids‐treated pastures are exposed to a real‐life mixture of ECs such as phthalates, per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and metabolites thereof, and this EC exposure can result in metabolic disorders in their offspring. Using this model, we evaluated the effects of gestational exposure to a complex EC mixture on plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations and metabolic and epigenetic regulatory genes in tissues key to energy regulation and storage, including the hypothalamus, liver, and adipose depots of 11‐month‐old male offspring. Our results demonstrated a binary effect of EC exposure on gene expression particularly in the hypothalamus. Principal component analysis revealed two subsets (B‐S1 [n = 6] and B‐S2 [n = 4]) within the biosolids group (B, n = 10), relative to the controls (C, n = 11). Changes in body weight, TG levels, and in gene expression in the hypothalamus, and visceral and subcutaneous fat were apparent between biosolid and control and the two subgroups of biosolids animals. These findings demonstrate that gestational exposure to an EC mixture results in differential regulation of metabolic processes in adult male offspring. Binary effects on hypothalamic gene expression and altered expression of lipid metabolism genes in visceral and subcutaneous fat, coupled with phenotypic outcomes, point to differences in individual susceptibility to EC exposure that could predispose vulnerable individuals to later metabolic dysfunction.
Tooth Wear Evaluation System 2.0—Evaluation of diagnostic reliability in the assessment of signs and symptoms for tooth wear by non‐experts
Authors: Roehl Jakob C. , Katzer Lukasz , Jakstat Holger A. , Wetselaar Peter , Ahlers M. Oliver 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundTooth wear is a multifactorial condition that manifests through various signs and symptoms. These individual signs and symptoms were described in multiple studies, leading to the inclusion in TWES 2.0 (Tooth Wear Evaluation System 2.0) and the forthcoming DC‐TW (Diagnostic Criteria for Tooth Wear). However, a study evaluating their reliability has yet to be conducted.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine the reliability in the assessment of 6 signs of pathological tooth wear and 18 clinical signs and symptoms determining aetiology, all of which are included in the TWES 2.0/DC‐TW.Methods48 dental students (operators) evaluated patient cases from a patient pool of 14 patients on dental casts and high‐resolution intraoral photographs. The agreement between all operators for each sign and symptom was calculated based on ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficients). Additionally, the agreement of each operator's evaluation with a predefined sample solution was calculated based on Cohen's kappa.ResultsInter‐user agreement ranged from near perfect (0.91) to poor (0.02) for the various pathology signs or aetiology symptoms of tooth wear (mean 0.32). The agreements of the operator's ratings compared to the sample solution resulted in Cohen's kappa from 0.18 to 1 (mean 0.59) for the pathology signs and ranged from 0.02 to 0.51 for the aetiology signs (mean 0.38).ConclusionsThe reliability of the signs and symptoms examined and the ability of individual investigators to correctly identify and assign signs and symptoms varied widely. The current assessment tools for the qualification of tooth wear need further refinement, and examiners need intensive training in tooth wear assessment.
Digital superimposition of scans for recording and transferring vertical relation from provisional restorations when rehabilitating worn‐out dentition: A dental technique
Authors: Kurian Nirmal , Varghese Kevin George , Wadhwa Samiksha , Daniel Angleena Y. , Thomas Prathibha Mariam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExcessive wear of the natural dentition results in the loss of tooth anatomy and the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) which may necessitate full mouth rehabilitation. Successful full‐mouth rehabilitation with increased VDO requires accurate recording and transfer of the newly raised VDO with provisional restorations. Conventional bite registration can incur errors during the recording and transfer of vertical dimensions. This article introduces a digital approach—the superimposition of scans using an intraoral scanner (IOS) to transfer VDO, occlusion, and aesthetic data from provisional restorations for designing and fabricating indirect restorations in the management of worn‐out dentition.
How does health spending among demographic groups compare to Affordable Care Act premium regulations?
Authors: Hanson Caroline , Minicozzi Alexandra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Affordable Care Act (ACA) substantially altered regulations in the nongroup and small group health insurance markets and those markets continue to receive significant policy attention. To understand how those markets have functioned in recent years and how they would be impacted by policy changes, we estimated enrollment and spending by age and sex using claims data covering enrollment in ACA risk‐adjusted plans in 2017–2019 and compared spending to a federal default age‐rating curve for premiums. Our results suggest that women aged 55–64 helped stabilize the nongroup market through high enrollment and relatively low spending. Men enrolled in the marketplace also subsidized other nongroup enrollees but to a lesser extent than expected. In fact, men aged25–50 enrolled in nongroup plans spent 18% more than their counterparts enrolled through a small employer. These unique spending patterns have interesting policy implications, including that lowering the Medicare eligibility age would likely increase premiums in the nongroup market.
A Nominal Group Technique to finalise Safewards Secure model and interventions for forensic mental health services
Authors: Maguire Tessa , Harrison Maicee , Ryan Jo , Lang Ryan , McKenna Brian 
Published: December 2023

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

Safewards was developed for acute mental health units, and while could be effective in forensic mental health services, there are some gaps in the model for such services, where factors including offending behaviour and longer term care can have an influence.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

The importance of acknowledging and addressing responses related to offending behaviour in forensic mental health settings, while also understanding the vulnerability of the consumer group and responsibilities to the maintenance of professional boundaries.

Enhancing collaboration with consumers/families/carers/supporters is important in a forensic mental health setting, and an important element of Safewards Secure.

What are the implications for practice?

This study completes the development of Safewards Secure, designed to foster collaboration, address issues pertinent to forensic mental health settings to enhance implementation and acceptance of the model and reduce conflict and containment.

AbstractIntroductionSafewards is a model developed for acute mental health settings designed to reduce conflict and containment; however, it requires adaptation to forensic mental health settings.AimTo develop the Safewards Secure model, a model to assist forensic mental health services to reduce conflict and containment.MethodA literature review was conducted to elicit possible modifiers and adjustments to the interventions. A Nominal Group Technique was then used to engage forensic mental health experts who had experience implementing Safewards (n = 12) to seek feedback about the suggestions and reach consensus on the Safewards Secure model and interventions. Data were thematically analysed.ResultsExperts reached consensus on all suggestions, however, did recommend minor additions and modifications. Two themes were also interpreted: Safewards Secure is just as much for staff as it is for consumers, and the proposed additions encourage more meaningful staff to consumer collaboration.DiscussionThis study identified key challenges experienced by nurses working in forensic mental health settings, however, these challenges were not seen as insurmountable. The Safewards Secure model offers prompts and suggestions to encourage reflection, collaboration and a humanistic approach to care in forensic mental health settings.Implications for PracticeAddressing reactions to offending behaviour and encouraging more collaboration might assist in ensuring a more person‐centred approach to forensic mental health nursing care.
E Pluribus Unum? Constructing a Typology of Contemporary Dutch Evangelicals
Authors: Vermeer Paul , Glas Saskia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAgainst the background of the assumed polymorphous character of evangelicalism as a trans‐denominational movement, this article aims to construct a typology of Dutch evangelicals and, subsequently, to test whether this religious typology also manifests sociodemographic differences. Two research questions are addressed: Which types can be distinguished among contemporary Dutch evangelicals on the basis of their core religious convictions and religious orientations? and To what extent do these types also display sociodemographic differences? Analyzing survey data on more than 1100 Dutch evangelicals using latent class analysis reveals five types of evangelicals: Proclaiming Orthodox, Engaged Orthodox, Spiritual Orthodox, Seeking Orthodox, and Questing Liberals. These five types basically seem to represent an orthodox‐liberal continuum and mainly differ in terms of gender, age, income, education, and marital status.
Shifts in internal stem damage along a tropical precipitation gradient and implications for forest biomass estimation
Authors: Flores‐Moreno Habacuc , Yatsko Abbey R. , Cheesman Alexander W. , Allison Steven D. , Cernusak Lucas A. , Cheney Rose , Clement Rebecca A. , Cooper Wendy , Eggleton Paul , Jensen Rigel , Rosenfield Marc , Zanne Amy E. 
Published: December 2023

Summary

Woody biomass is a large carbon store in terrestrial ecosystems. In calculating biomass, tree stems are assumed to be solid structures. However, decomposer agents such as microbes and insects target stem heartwood, causing internal wood decay which is poorly quantified.

We investigated internal stem damage across five sites in tropical Australia along a precipitation gradient. We estimated the amount of internal aboveground biomass damaged in living trees and measured four potential stem damage predictors: wood density, stem diameter, annual precipitation, and termite pressure (measured as termite damage in downed deadwood).

Stem damage increased with increasing diameter, wood density, and termite pressure and decreased with increasing precipitation. High wood density stems sustained less damage in wet sites and more damage in dry sites, likely a result of shifting decomposer communities and their differing responses to changes in tree species and wood traits across sites.

Incorporating stem damage reduced aboveground biomass estimates by > 30% in Australian savannas, compared to only 3% in rainforests. Accurate estimates of carbon storage across woody plant communities are critical for understanding the global carbon budget. Future biomass estimates should consider stem damage in concert with the effects of changes in decomposer communities and abiotic conditions.
Osteochondral Regeneration in the Knee Joint with Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cells plus Hyaluronic Acid after Arthroscopic Subchondral Drilling: Report of Five Cases
Authors: Saw Khay‐Yong , Anz Adam W. , Jee Caroline Siew‐Yoke , Low Soo‐Fin , Dawam Amal , Ramlan Alisha 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundTreatment of osteochondral defects (OCDs) of the knee joint remains challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of osteochondral regeneration following intra‐articular injections of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) plus hyaluronic acid (HA) after arthroscopic subchondral drilling into OCDs of the knee joint.Case PresentationFive patients with OCDs of the knee joint are presented. The etiology includes osteochondritis dissecans, traumatic knee injuries, previously failed cartilage repair procedures involving microfractures and OATS (osteochondral allograft transfer systems). PBSC were harvested 1 week after surgery. Patients received intra‐articular injections at week 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 after surgery. Then at 6 months after surgery, intra‐articular injections were administered at a weekly interval for 3 consecutive weeks. These 3 weekly injections were repeated at 12, 18 and 24 months after surgery. Each patient received a total of 17 injections. Subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores and MRI scans were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively at serial visits. At follow‐ups of >5 years, the mean preoperative and postoperative IKDC scores were 47.2 and 80.7 respectively (p = 0.005). IKDC scores for all patients exceeded the minimal clinically important difference values of 8.3, indicating clinical significance. Serial MRI scans charted the repair and regeneration of the OCDs with evidence of bone growth filling‐in the base of the defects, followed by reformation of the subchondral bone plate and regeneration of the overlying articular cartilage.ConclusionThese case studies showed that this treatment is able to repair and regenerate both the osseous and articular cartilage components of knee OCDs.
Kirschner Wire Internal Fixation of the Medial Tibiotalar Joint for Indirect Repair of Deltoid Ligament Injury: A Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: Yang Tao , Zhu Fenghua , Wang Haibin , Wu Bin , Jia Dailiang , Meng Chunyang , Zhao Yifeng 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveAnkle joint fractures are often accompanied by medial deltoid ligament rupture. There is controversy over whether or how to treat deltoid ligament rupture. This study was aimed to explore the feasibility of repairing the medial deltoid ligament using Kirschner wire internal fixation of the medial tibiotalar joint combined with external fixation.MethodsForty‐six patients with ankle fractures involving deltoid ligament rupture, treated between October 2012 and February 2021, were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty‐five patients were treated with a Kirschner wire to fix the tibiotalar joint and indirectly repair the deltoid ligament as the repaired group. Twenty‐one patients underwent reduction and fixation of internal and external malleolus fractures, and the deltoid ligament was not repaired in the unrepaired group. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle‐hindfoot score, visual analog scale (VAS), Medical Outcomes Short Form 36‐item questionnaire score (SF‐36), and Medial clear space perpendicular (preoperative, postoperative, final follow‐up) were used for functional evaluations and reduction assessments. Mann–Whitney test were used to compare the differences between the groups.ResultsThe follow‐up time was 13–112 months with a mean of 59.32 months for the repaired group and 11–94 months with a mean of 53.43 months for the unrepaired group. There was no significant difference in the operative time or intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (p > 0.05). At the last follow‐up, the AOFAS ankle‐hindfoot and SF‐36 scores of the repaired group were significantly higher than those of the non‐repaired group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the VAS pain score was significantly lower and the Medial clear space perpendicular was significantly narrower in the repaired group than that in the unrepaired group.ConclusionTibiotalar joint fixation using Kirschner wires is a simple and effective technique that can indirectly reduce and repair the deltoid ligament and stabilize the ankle.