bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EROSION OF KOBADAK RIVER AND ADAPTATION PROCESS OF THE LOCAL PEOPLE
Authors: BACHCHU SHEIKH  
Published: November 2023

All the families who have settled after the riverbank erosion in Padmapukur village have been faced the disaster. It has been found that even after the breakdown, changes in the different elements of the family have been made during the breakdown. However, research has shown that changes in various aspects of life are observed before the river erosion everywhere. It has been found in the study that there is no family that has become financially viable, rather than their socio-economic status has become more detorioted day after day. And through this changing situation, people of Padmapukur village are trying to stay on their own homesteads with the last penny of life. During the erosion of the river, it has been observed that a broad difference is seen between the present and previous profession. It has been found that during the breakdown of the river, the villagers who have been victims of river erosion, even lost the arable land, have taken shelter in nearby villages, Upazillas or adjacent districts. However, many of them have settled on the previous land, but this has been possible when the transit was created after the breakdown. However, in these cases, there can be no specific change in the social status. Among these divergent conditions, the people Padma Pukur have been staying.
Research has found that despite the repeated disruption of riverbank erosion, people try to adopt with ther short-term and long-term procedures. But in this case, people are not seen to be very vocal. But government and non-governmental organizations play a helpful role.
WOMEN IN MEDIA: THE NEPALESE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: PRAKRITI K.C.  
Published: November 2023

A journalist is a person who involves in activities such as writing/ reporting for newspapers, magazines or on news websites in order to be published/ broadcasted. The journalists have social responsibility i.e. objective reporting. Media is the "Fourth Estate" and journalists are the watchdogs of society. In order to carry out the healthy practice of journalism the journalists need to be free and the circumstances need to be safe. Journalist safety is the most important aspect of press freedom.
The other question that arises time and again is about the representation of women in Media. Even the concept of gender inequality might have changed over the course of time and the representation of women is still minimal. Women have not gained parity with men in terms of participation and decision making.
PRIORITIES OF FOREIGN POLICY OF BANGLADESH SINCE 2005
Authors: ALI AKBAR  , MIRAZ RAHMAN KHAN  
Published: November 2023

Foreign Policy is usually viewed as an extension of domestic policy. Foreign policy refers to the policy of a sovereign state to achieve its desired goals to the foreign countries. The foreign policy of Bangladesh, like that of any other state is also primarily a projection of the country's socio-economic and political compulsions in international politics. The Foreign Policy of Bangladesh emanates from the following provisions of the Bangladesh Constitution. These provisions are stated in Article 25 of the Constitution. 1.The State shall base its international relations on the principles of respect for national sovereignty and equality, non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries, peaceful settlements of international disputes, and respect for international law and the principles enunciated in the United Nations Charter. 2. The state shall endeavor to consolidate, preserve and strengthen fraternal relations among Muslim countries based on Islamic solidarity.
FOUNDATION OF RELIGIOUS LIBERALISM IN BANGLADESH: CONTRIBUTION OF BANGABANDHU SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN AND AWAMI LEAGUE
Authors: SAEYD RASHED HASAN CHOWDURY  , MUHAMMOD NASER NAFIS  
Published: November 2023

The Father of the Nation Bangabandu[1] Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1920-1975) is the great architect and the immortal morphologist of a new map of independent Bangladesh. During his rule, he took various steps for the welfare of the country and the nation. He took realistic and effective measures to propagate Islam because of the economic, social and physical infrastructural measures in it, keeping in mind the religious sentiments and values of the people of the Muslim majority in Bangladesh. The outstanding contribution he has made to spread Islam, the promotion and establishment of Islamic values ​​during his reign has become a rare example in the contemporary Muslim world. He was always trying to make Bangladesh a country of peace for all people of all religions. He is not only a great architect of an independent sovereign state but also, he is the architect of spreading Islam under government-sponsored Bangladesh. Especially by establishing the Islamic Foundation Bangladesh, he provided a solid institutional basis for the spread of Islam. He gave greater importance to all citizens who have equal rights regardless of religion and have been an assurance of all religions, which serves as a protector against intolerance when drafting the constitution of Bangladesh. However, the research tries to highlight how Bangabandhu contributed to reducing the religious hatred and extremism, fanaticism, and fundamentalism and establishing peaceful co-existence of various cultures and religions among the people of Bangladesh. Therefore, the result of my study shows how the role of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and his Awami league is establishing or has contributed in establishing status equality, love, promote religious cohesion, tolerance, and brotherhood among the masses and taught people to respect each other's religion, emotions, and practices in Bangladesh.
NAJIB AL-KILANI AS A POSTCOLONIAL WRITER
Authors: DR. AYDIN GÖRMEZ  , ABDULLAH SAEED  
Published: November 2023

The increasing studies on colonial readings in the past years focus particularly one of the most controversial literary theories and criticism, that is postcolonial theory, which carries various meanings from politics to economy and to all other aspects of life, and this critical approach aims to dismantle the colonial discourse and trying to review the history of colonized countries, their literature, by different methodologies, in the views of the colonized. There is a bit odd coincidence on the timing: academic attention in colonialism ascended when great powers had already missed their worldwide validity and trust. Previously when colonialism was a purpose of mobilization, researchers and the elite were most fascinated by the freedom activities and the likelihood of modernization and advancement of the societies, but nowadays they are not so optimistic about that, which is seen in the novels and writings of some important authors.
Najib Al-Kilani as an effective Arab-African writer, in respect of presenting the subject of colonialism in the studies depending on literary art, but not based on the Western world, was one of the pioneers in Arab African literature medium, and he could reveal the great effects for western colonialism movement in the societies that have been colonized. This study sheds light on his contributions in the pathways of contemporary Arabic literature, focusing on two of his famous novels Turkistan Nights and Napoleon in Al-Azhar which represent his prominent writing style and reflect post-colonial literature in the Arab world.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN PADA KOPERASI SETIA USAHA KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ULU TIMUR
Authors: Arafik Arafik , Kurniawan Deni 
Published: November 2023

Abstrak : Permasalahan yang dihadapi Koperasi Setia Usaha Belitang OKU Timur bagaimana pengaruh organisasi terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan, sedangkan tujuan pada skripsi ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan pada Koperasi Setia Usaha Belitang OKU Timur serta bentuk budaya organisasi yang dilakukan. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah adanya pengaruh yang kuat antara budaya organisasi terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan pada Koperasi Setia Usaha Belitang OKU Timur. Dari hasil perhitungan tersebut ternyata diperoleh r = 0,331. Setelah dikonsultasikan dengan standar konservatif ternyata 0,331 terletak antara 0,200 – 0,399 yang termasuk pada korelasi rendah. Kemudian untuk menjawab uji hipotesis yang diajukan pada bab sebelumnya mempunyai hubungan atau tidak, maka di uji dengan uji hipotesa dan didapat t hitung = 0,992. Sedangkan nilai t tabel pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% untuk ( n – 2 ) = 1,860. Maka dapat diketahui nilai t hitungnya 0,992 lebih kecil dari pada nilai t tabel yaitu = 1,860, dengan demikian berarti ( Ho ) dapat diterima dan ( Ha ) ditolak.Kata Kunci : Budaya Organisasi, Produktivitas kerjaAbstract : The problems faced by the Setia Usaha Belitang OKU East Cooperative are how the influence of the organization on employee work productivity, while the purpose of this thesis is to determine the magnitude of the influence of organizational culture on employee work productivity at the Setia Usaha Belitang OKU East Cooperative and the forms of organizational culture that are carried out. The hypothesis put forward is that there is a strong influence between organizational culture on employee work productivity at the Setia Usaha Belitang Cooperative east OKU. From the results of these calculations it turns out that r = 0.331. After being consulted with a conservative standard it turns out that 0.331 lies between 0.200 – 0.399 which includes a low correlation. Then to answer the hypothesis test proposed in the previous chapter whether there is a relationship or not, then it is tested with a hypothesis test and obtained t count = 0.992. While the value of t table at the 95% confidence level for (n – 2) = 1.860. Then it can be seen that the calculated t value is 0.992 which is smaller than the t table value, namely = 1.860, thus meaning (Ho) can be accepted and (Ha) is rejected..Key Word : Organizational Culture, Work Productivity
Mediating Role of Leadership Style on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Public Service Sector
Authors: Allieu Sophie , Moriba Samba 
Published: November 2023

This study examined the relationships between transformational and transactional leadership and organizational citizenship behavior in the Public Service Sector of Sierra Leone.
While most prior studies have examined transformational leadership-organizational citizenship behavior and transactional leadership-organizational citizenship behavior relationships in developed countries from the western world, testing the mediating inﬂuence of transactional and transformational leaderships on employees’ citizenship behaviors in public sector organizations in Africa remains scarce.
It also tries to ﬁll a critical research gap in human resource management by focusing on a non-western context. The constructs: transformational and transactional leadership, organizational citizenship behavior are not very familiar in the human resource research domain in Sierra Leone as opposed to other styles of leadership like Autocratic, Laissez faire etc that are commonly used. Consequently, the broader objective of this research was to examine the links between transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and organizational citizenship behavior at the Public Service Sector in Sierra Leone.
To enrich the debate further, this study explored the relationship between transformational and transactional leadership styles and employees’ organizational citizenship behavior.
The research questions focused on the correlation between leadership styles and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).
To achieve the objective of the research, a case study research design was used; Quantitative research technique also used; the main variables in the study were used to design a questionnaire in collecting the data: using a sample population of 250 through simple random sampling to conduct this study. This research followed a structural equation model (SEM) approach with validity and reliability tests done to validate the data before testing the hypothesis.
The survey planet - a virtual data analysis software was used to analyze the completed online survey items. It has an automated analysis system. The likert scale of 1 to 5 was used to gauge responses from respondents. Statistical analysis method is used for the analysis. Based on the results obtained, the study deduces implications for both theory and practice. Hence, all public service institutions must raise managers' awareness and train them properly so that they can eﬃciently improve and manage the aﬀairs of the institution.
Limitations and suggestions for upcoming studies have been discussed.
An'ām of Abdullah Ibn Salih from the Gornji Vakuf: Synergy of Picture and Text in Devotional Practice
Authors: Babović Dželila 
Published: November 2023

An'ām is the name for manuscript codices that contain selected surahs from the Qur’an, prayers, blessings, pictures, graphics and seals that symbolically connect their owner or reader with the God Almighty, the Prophet Muhammad and holy places and important figures of Islamic history. These codices were long thought to be intended for private and socially restricted devotional use. However, the practice of enshrining them in public institutions, especially mosques and tekkes, as well as the existence of a large number of manuscript copies, shows that anʻām were very present and were used in wider social circles.
In this paper, we will present the Anʻ'ām of Abdullah ibn Salih from Gornji Vakuf, stored in the manuscript collection of the Oriental Institute of the University of Sarajevo (OIS, R 86). By compiling selected religious texts and combining them with illustrations, Abdullah ibn Salih created a work that offers an insight into pious practices in Bosnia at the end of the 18th century and documented how the prayer texts were read, used and integrated into everyday life. Using a phenomenological approach in the analysis of Abdullah ibn Salih’s An'ām, we will point out the importance and role of text, representative images and graphics in the sacred context, and deal with their ritual use and the discovery of the hidden meanings of their empirical manifestation.
Green method for preparation ZnO nanoparticles using red peony leaves extracts
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyet Mai  , Pham Thi Thuy  , Ta Ngoc Dung  , Pham Thanh Huyen  , Huynh Dang Chinh  , Nguyen Tuyet Nga  , Luu Thi Lan Anh  
Published: November 2023

The source of clean, dry red peony leaves has been carefully packaged and preserved. Then the red peony leaves were extracted to get the extracts solution at the optimum extraction temperature, extraction time and leaves sample weight. The precursor material used to prepare ZnO nanoparticles with spherical wurtzite structure was zinc acetate dihydrate salt (Zn(O2CCH3)2.2H2O) with the reducing and stabilized agent being flavonoid extraction from red peony leaves. The structure and characterizations of the fabricated ZnO nanoparticles were studied by measurement methods such as XRD, SEM, EDX, reflectance spectra. The study results showed that the extraction parameters of peony leaves to obtain the optimal flavonoid extraction yield were red peony leaves weight of 20 grams extracted in 100 ml of distilled water, extraction time of 60 minutes and extraction temperature of 70 °C. ZnO spherical wurtzite nanoparticles were prepared by wet chemical method at low temperature of 110 oC, with particle size according to SEM were about of 200-400 nm. The band gap was determined by the Kubelka-Munk method to achieve Eg» 3.05-3.17 eV. The ZnO spherical wurtzite nanoparticles were prepared in this our study with further purposes will be modified to reduce the Eg bandgap energy for applications as highly effective absorbents, photocatalysts in the visible light region.
FISIOTERAPIA SEM FRONTEIRA
Authors: Santos Ana Cristina Silva dos , Reis Gabriella Ferreira dos , Martins Isabela Pereira 
Published: November 2023

A fisioterapia é uma ciência que atua em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde, estando presente na atenção básica, média e de alta complexidade. Uma equipe interdisciplinar é capaz de oferecer um atendimento qualificado no processo saúde-doença. Os fisioterapeutas possuem diversas atribuições dentro do cenário da atenção primária (APS), tendo um papel importante no ambiente da prática. Este artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a fisioterapia sem fronteira. Para a confecção do artigo foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico e foram selecionados 16 artigos para construção do conteúdo desta pesquisa, por se adequarem aos critérios de inclusão estabelecidos. A inserção de fisioterapeutas no atendimento ao cuidado da saúde na APS, torna-se possível devido a ampliação do papel da fisioterapia na prática avançada. Existem diversas ONGs filantrópicas que têm o objetivo em comum de levar assistência a comunidades que carecem de acesso à saúde. Na Tanzânia, há uma ONG chamada Acts Of Life. Dentro dessa ONG existe um projeto chamado Fisioterapia Sem Fronteira, que tem como objetivo desenvolver atividades que geram qualidade de vida a todos. Conclui-se que a atuação da fisioterapia em ações de APS é de suma importância para a promoção de saúde a indivíduos que por algum motivo carecem do acesso a unidades de saúde. Entretanto, a quantidade de estudos que relatam a atuação da fisioterapia é escassa, portanto, faz-se necessário a realização de mais estudos relacionados à atuação da mesma no âmbito da atenção primária e mais relatos sobre a fisioterapia sem fronteira
ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITION OF TWO LOCALLY MANUFACTURED PESTICIDES USED BY FISH TRADERS IN UYO, NIGERIA.
Authors: ARCHIBONG H. O. , UMOHATA I. A. , UBULOM P. M. E. , UMOH G. S. , ETTEOBONG E. O. 
Published: November 2023

The use of locally made chemical pesticides often exerts deleterious effects on man and his environment. In recent times, there has been an observed increase in the indiscriminate use of locally made chemical pesticides for the protection of food materials including fishes in Uyo metropolis. As a result, it has become necessary to analyze the composition of some locally made pesticides used by fish traders in Uyo metropolis, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. Test pesticides (“Diamond Knockdown” and “Best Fighter”) were purchased from traders in Uyo. The pesticides were subjected to physico-chemical, chemical composition and heavy metal analysis using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer. The two pesticides were found to be acidic, with a pH value of 3.6 for “Diamond Knockdown” and 3.8 for “Best Fighter”. Formaldehyde, isopropyl alcohol, camphor, dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) and naphthalene were detected in both pesticides. However, “Diamond Knockdown” had I-hexene as one of the chemical constituents but it was not found in “Best Fighter” while Xylene was detected in “Best Fighter” but was absent in “Diamond Knockdown”. Dichlorvos had the highest chemical concentration for the two pesticides while formaldehyde had the lowest. Chromium, cadmium, mercury and lead were the heavy metals detected in concentrations of 0.012, 0.205, <0.001 and <0.001mg/l respectively for “Diamond Knockdown” while “Best Fighter” had 0.019, 0.039, <0.001 and <0.001mg/l concentrations respectively for chromium, cadmium, mercury and lead. The concentration of cadmium in “Diamond Knockdown” (0.205mg/l) slightly exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit (0.2mg/kg). Mercury and lead constituted the lowest amount (<0.001mg/l) of heavy metals for both pesticides. Repeated exposure to pesticides often results in bioaccumulation leading to deleterious effect on human health as well as the environment. Therefore, the indiscriminate manufacture and use of pesticides should be strongly discouraged and stiff penalties to offenders should be enforced.
Global-, regional- and country-level estimates of the work-related burden of diseases and accidents in 2019
Authors: Takala Jukka , Hämäläinen Päivi , Sauni Riitta , Nygård Clas-Håkan , Gagliardi Diana , Neupane Subas 
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE: This study provides the global-, regional- and country-level estimates on the work-related burden of diseases and accidents for 2019, including deaths, disability adjusted life years (DALY) and economic losses.
METHODS: Data on occupational illnesses and injuries from international organizations, institutions, and public websites were used. Risk ratios (RR) and population attributable fractions (PAF) for the risk factor-outcome pairs were derived from the literature. Estimated mortality and DALY for a group of seven major diseases covering 120 risk-outcome pairs attributable to work were calculated for 181 countries.
RESULTS: Globally, 2.9 million deaths were attributed to work, with 2.58 million deaths due to work-related diseases and 0.32 million related to occupational injuries. Globally, work-related diseases with a long latency period are increasing, while the number of occupational injuries has decreased. Work-related circulatory diseases were the major cause of 912 000 deaths globally, followed by 843 000 work-related malignant neoplasms. In high-income, American, Eastern European and Western Pacific World Health Organization (WHO) regions, however, work-related malignant neoplasms comprised the biggest disease group. DALY attributable to work were estimated to be 180 million in 2019, with an associated economic loss of 5.8% of global GDP. New estimates of psychosocial factors increased the global loss.
CONCLUSIONS: The burden of work-related diseases and injuries increased by 26% from 2.3 million annual deaths in 2014 to 2.9 million in 2019. The DALY attributable to work have also substantially increased from 123 million in 2014 to 180 million in 2019 (47% increase). We found large regional and country variations.