bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐Oxidation Strategy Transforming Waste Foam to Hard Carbon Anodes for Boosting Sodium Storage Performance
Authors: Chen Yuefang , Sun Heyi , He Xiang‐Xi , Chen Qinghang , Zhao Jia‐Hua , Wei Yanhao , Wu Xingqiao , Zhang Zhijia , Jiang Yong , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLarge reserves, high capacity, and low cost are the core competitiveness of disordered carbon materials as excellent anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). And the existence and improper treatment of a large number of organic solid wastes will aggravate the burden on the environment, therefore, it is significant to transform wastes into carbon‐based materials for sustainable energy utilization. Herein, a kind of hard carbon materials are reported with waste biomass‐foam as the precursor, which can improve the sodium storage performance through pre‐oxidation strategy. The introduction of oxygen‐containing groups can promote structural cross‐linking, and inhibit the melting and rearrangement of carbon structure during high‐temperature carbonization that produces a disordered structure with a suitable degree of graphitization. Moreover, the micropore structure are also regulated during the high‐temperature carbonization process, which is conducive to the storage of sodium ions in the low‐voltage plateau region. The optimized sample as an electrode material exhibits excellent reversible specific capacity (308.0 mAh g−1) and initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE, 90.1%). In addition, a full cell with the waste foam‐derived hard carbon anode and a Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode is constructed with high ICE and energy density. This work provides an effective strategy to conversion the waste to high‐value hard carbon anode for sodium‐ion batteries.
Confined In‐Situ Encapsulation of Co/C Composites with Increased Heterogeneous Interface Polarization for Enhanced Electromagnetic Performance
Authors: Qiu Jiahang , Liang Yan , Xiang Yao , Zhang Mu , Zhao Rongzhi , Li Xiaodong , Ma Song , Luo Zhengtang , Zhang Xuefeng , Sun Xudong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is an urgent problem to realize reliable microwave absorption materials (MAMs) with low density. To address this issue, a series of controlled experiments w ere carried out, which indicated that the tubular structure enables excellent microwave absorption properties with a lower powder filling rate. This performance is attributable to the combined dielectric and magnetic loss mechanisms provided by Co/C and the interface polarization facilitated by multiple heterogeneous interfaces. Particularly, Co@C nanotubes, benefiting from the enhanced heterointerface polarization due to their abundant specific surface area and the reduced electron migration barrier induced by their 1D stacked structure, effectively achieved a dual enhancement of dielectric loss and polarization loss at lower powder filling ratios. Furthermore, the magnetic coupling effect of magnetic nanoparticle arrays in tubular structures is demonstrated by micromagnetic simulation, which have been few reported elsewhere. These propertied enable Co@C nanotubes to achieve minimum reflection loss and maximum effective absorption broadband values of 61.0 dB and 5.5 GHz, respectively, with a powder filling ratio of 20 wt% and a thickness of 1.94 mm. This study reveals the significance of designing 1D structures in reducing powder filling ratio and matching thickness, providing valuable insights for developing MAMs with different microstructures.
Estimation of elastic modulus of recycle aggregate concrete based on hybrid and ensemble‐hybrid approaches
Authors: Qu Bing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe utilization of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) within the construction sector has the potential to prevent irreversible harm to the environment and reduce the depletion of natural resources. Nonetheless, it is essential to scrutinize the quality of RAC before utilizing it in practical applications. RAC's most significant design parameter is its elastic modulus, typically determined through time‐consuming and costly experiments. Machine learning (ML) techniques can be a feasible solution to reduce the number of experiments required and obtain accurate estimates. This article employs two robust ML techniques, namely Xtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and Adaptive Boosting regression, in three distinct modes, namely individual, hybrid, and ensemble‐hybrid methods. Furthermore, phasor particle swarm optimization (PPSO) and chaos game optimization (CGO) have been utilized in hybrid and ensemble‐hybrid modes to optimize final results, minimize errors, and obtain highly precise outcomes. As mentioned earlier, several evaluators were employed to identify the most appropriate model to compare the modes. The findings suggest that the relevant optimizers significantly contributed to achieving superior metric values. Specifically, the results indicated that PPSO exhibited greater efficacy than CGO in optimizing outputs and enhancing accuracy. The hybrid models, particularly XGB in conjunction with PPSO, yielded the most favorable correlation coefficient and root mean square error values equal to 0.996 and 0.336 and can serve as an effective ML method to determine elastic modulus of recycle aggregate concrete for time and energy storage.
Mechanical, UV protection, and antibacterial properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/marine mucilage biocomposite films
Authors: Soydan Nazli , Gumus Omer Yunus , Yilmaz Mete 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe mucilage that accumulated in the Sea of Marmara in 2021 turned into an environmental disaster that threatened not only marine life but also the shipping and tourism industries. However, because of the partially organic structure of marine mucilage, it has the potential to be used as an additive for polymer films. In this study, bioplastic films were prepared from PVA with a series of mucilage content from 0% to 50% by mass, and their properties were investigated. The FT‐IR spectra revealed a shift in hydroxyl peaks, suggesting an interaction between the mucilage and PVA. SEM images showed the formation of crystal forms at the higher mucilage content of 20%, indicating ionic saturation of the PVA matrix. EDX and XRD analyses revealed that the crystal was NaCl coming from the mucilage composition. The tensile strength of the neat PVA film was measured as 9.86 MPa and improved to 14.56 MPa with 5% mucilage content, which is attributed to the ionic cross‐linking. The tensile properties were preserved up to 20% of the mucilage content, and then sudden decrements were observed. The transmittance percentage (T%) of the neat PVA film in UV–Vis spectra (800–200 nm) was detected as 75% at 500 nm and decreased down to 39% with increased mucilage content up to 50%. Furthermore, a rising limit of linearity (LOL) of the spectrums was observed from 350 to 580 nm, with increasing mucilage content from 5% to 50%. The biofilms showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Hence, a robust and biodegradable film having UV protection and antibacterial activity was developed from the marine mucilage bio‐waste.Highlights
Poly(vinyl alcohol)/marine mucilage biocomposite films were prepared.
Biocomposite films showed increased UV‐A, UV‐B, and UV‐C protection with increased mucilage content.
Enhanced tensile strength of biocomposite films up to 20 wt% mucilage content was determined due to ionic crosslink formed by NaCl salt ions.
Biocomposite exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Heat transport from atmosphere through the subsurface to drinking‐water supply pipes
Authors: Nissler Elisabeth , Scherrer Samuel , Class Holger , Müller Tanja , Hermannspan Mark , Osmancevic Esad , Haslauer Claus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDrinking‐water quality in supply pipe networks can be negatively affected by high temperatures during hot summer months due to detrimental bacteria encountering ideal conditions for growth. Thus, water suppliers are interested in estimating the temperature in their distribution networks. We investigate both experimentally and by numerical simulation the heat and water transport from ground surface into the subsurface, (i.e., above drinking‐water pipes). We consider the meteorological forcing functions by a sophisticated approach to model the boundary conditions for the heat balance at the soil–atmosphere interface. From August to December 2020, soil temperatures and soil moisture were measured dependent on soil type, land‐use cover, and weather data at a pilot site, constructed specifically for this purpose at the University of Stuttgart with polyethylene and cast‐iron pipes installed under typical in situ conditions. We included this interface condition at the atmosphere–subsurface boundary into an integrated non‐isothermal, variably saturated (Richards') the numerical simulator DuMux 3. This allowed, after calibration, to match measured soil temperatures with ±2°C accuracy. The land‐use cover influenced the soil temperature in 1.5 m more than the soil material used for back‐filling the trench above the pipe.
Endocrine Disruptors and Cancers in Women
Authors: Scharschmidt Lea , Scheffler Florence , Vandecandelaere Albane , Bosquet Dorian , Lefranc Elodie , Bouquet De La Jolinière Jean , Benkhalifa Moncef , Feki Anis , Cabry-Goubet Rosalie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCancers of the female reproductive system are frequent in the general population and have been the subject of numerous studies for several years, which made evident the existence of several risk factors with different degrees of impact.The often hormone-sensitive nature of these cancers raises the question of the possible involvement of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in the onset of the diseases.This work reviews the scientific studies that have questioned the potential promoting effect of certain families of endocrine disruptors on cancers in women, in particular breast cancer. The article research was carried out on PubMed, and articles published from 2000 onward were selected.
Modeling Organogenesis from Biological First Principles
Authors: Montévil Maël , Soto Ana M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnlike inert objects, organisms and their cells have the ability to initiate activity by themselves and thus change their properties or states even in the absence of an external cause. This crucial difference led us to search for principles suitable for the study organisms. We propose that cells follow the default state of proliferation with variation and motility, a principle of biological inertia. This means that in the presence of sufficient nutrients, cells will express their default state. We also propose a principle of variation that addresses two central features of organisms, variation and historicity. To address interdependence between parts, we use a third principle, the principle of organization, more specifically, the notion of the closure of constraints. Within this theoretical framework, constraints are specific theoretical entities defined by their relative stability with respect to the processes they constrain. Constraints are mutually dependent in an organized system and act on the default state.Here we discuss the application and articulation of these principles for mathematical modeling of morphogenesis in a specific case, that of mammary ductal morphogenesis, with an emphasis on the default state. Our model has both a biological component, the cells, and a physical component, the matrix that contains collagen fibers. Cells are agents that move and proliferate unless constrained; they exert mechanical forces that act (i) on collagen fibers and (ii) on other cells. As fibers are organized, they constrain the cells’ ability to move and to proliferate. This model exhibits a circularity that can be interpreted in terms of the closure of constraints. Implementing our mathematical model shows that constraints to the default state are sufficient to explain the formation of mammary epithelial structures. Finally, the success of this modeling effort suggests a stepwise approach whereby additional constraints imposed by the tissue and the organism can be examined in silico and rigorously tested by in vitro and in vivo experiments, in accordance with the organicist perspective we embrace.
Judging Organization: A Plea for Transcendental Logic in Philosophy of Biology
Authors: Van de Vijver Gertrudis , Haeck Levi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEven if the concept of organization is increasingly recognized as crucially important to (philosophy of) biology, the fear of thereby collapsing into vitalism, understood as the metaphysical thesis that “life” involves special principles irreducible to (and that perhaps even run counter to) the principles governing the physical order, has persisted. In trying to overcome this tension, Georges Canguilhem endorsed an attitudinal form of vitalism. This “attitudinal stance” (a term coined by Charles Wolfe) shifts the issue of organization away from ontological commitments regarding the nature of things as they are in themselves, in favor of epistemological issues concerning the stance of the knowing subject. However, it is based on some epistemological tenets that deserve further examination. Firstly, in spite of its anti-Cartesian spirit, the attitudinal stance implicitly relies on a Cartesian perspective on the relation between subject and object. Secondly, it rests on the idea that some objects can meaningfully be identified as persisting individuals—living organisms—in a way in which others cannot, even if it denies that the capacity to be meaningfully identified as such reflects an actual property of them. This chapter outlines a possible alternative viewpoint that takes these challenges to heart by developing a co-constitutive picture of the relation between subject and object—a picture based on Georges Canguilhem’s own theory of judgment, but supplemented by Immanuel Kant’s transcendental logic. Most fundamentally, it is argued that the (self-)organization of living beings draws attention to and is structurally intertwined with the (self-)organization of the thinking subject’s rational (i.e., logical, conceptual, judging) capacities.
The Fourth Perspective: Evolution and Organismal Agency
Authors: Jaeger Johannes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines the deep connections between biological organization, agency, and evolution by natural selection. Using Griesemer’s account of the reproducer, I argue that the basic unit of evolution is not a genetic replicator, but a complex hierarchical life cycle. Understanding the self-maintaining and self-proliferating properties of evolvable reproducers requires an organizational account of ontogenesis and reproduction. This leads us to an extended and disambiguated set of minimal conditions for evolution by natural selection—including revised or new principles of heredity, variation, and ontogenesis. More importantly, the continuous maintenance of biological organization within and across generations implies that all evolvable systems are agents or contain agents among their parts. This means that we ought to take agency seriously—to better understand the concept and its role in explaining biological phenomena—if we aim to obtain an organismic theory of evolution in the original spirit of Darwin’s struggle for existence. This kind of understanding must rely on an agential perspective on evolution, complementing and succeeding existing structural, functional, and processual approaches. I sketch a tentative outline of such an agential perspective and present a survey of methodological and conceptual challenges that will have to be overcome if we are to properly implement it.
On the Evolutionary Development of Biological Organization from Complex Prebiotic Chemistry
Authors: Ruiz-Mirazo Kepa , Moreno Alvaro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this chapter we offer a critical analysis of organizational models about the process of origins of life and, thereby, a reflection about life itself (understood in a general, minimal sense). We begin by demarcating the idea of organization as an explanatory construct, linking it to the complex relationships and transformations that the material parts of (proto-)biological systems establish to maintain themselves under non-equilibrium dynamic conditions. The diverse ways in which this basic idea has been applied within the prebiotic field are then reviewed in relative detail. We distinguish between “network” and “protocell” approaches, discussing their specific implications and explaining the greater relevance of the latter in the current state of affairs. Despite the key role that such organizational approaches play (and should keep playing) to advance on the problem of primordial biogenesis, the second half of our contribution is devoted to argue that they must be combined with other explanatory accounts, which go beyond the physiology of any single (proto-)organism. With that aim, we underline the fundamental differences between the autonomous, metabolic dynamics that individual (proto-)cells perform and the evolutionary and ecological dynamics that take place in a collective and trans-generational dimension. Apart from obvious gaps in the characteristic temporal and spatial scales involved, the corresponding causal and interactive regimes also reveal themselves as neatly distinct, what is reflected in the unpaired functional integration and the agent behavior displayed by biological individuals. Nevertheless, any living organism (and life in a wider, general sense) derives from the deep interweaving of those two phenomenological domains: namely, the “individual-metabolic” and the “collective-evolutionary” domains. At the end of the chapter, we propose the principle of dynamical decoupling as the core idea to develop a more comprehensive theoretical framework to understand how this intricate, causally asymmetric connection must be articulated during the actual process of biogenesis (as it happened here on Earth or anywhere else in the universe), so that life’s minimal complexity threshold is reached.
‘Everything is Bridgeable’ in a Post-Conflict Situation? The Situation of Local Government in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Woelk Jens 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAfter a brief overview of the post-conflict transition of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the chapter illustrates local self-government in the two entities before addressing some common and fundamental problems. This analysis is followed by the case of the city of Mostar, which concentrates all the difficulties of local self-government in BiH in one single case. Despite the separate and different systems, local authorities in both entities face similar challenges: an ageing and shrinking population, the decline of smaller towns and an increasing divide between urban centres and rural areas, fragmented and often expensive local administration, debt burdens, disputes over the allocation of resources (especially in FBH), insufficient cooperation. Therefore, according to a large majority of local politicians and mayors, fundamental reforms are needed. However, despite the clear results of the analysis and the unanimous opinion of many local politicians, a real reform momentum or change from below is hardly to be seen or expected any time soon.
Potential benefits of synchronous action observation and motor imagery: a commentary on Eaves et al. 2022
Authors: Azaad Shaheed , Sebanz Natalie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn a recent Psychological Research article, Eaves et al. (2022) review the literature on how motor imagery (MI) practice combined with action observation (AO) enhances motor performance. The authors propose that the synchronous form of AO and MI (AOMI) affords unique benefits to performance that are not possible when the two interventions are performed asynchronously. We discuss three questions raised by Eaves et al.’s review: (1) are there any clear advantages to synchronous AOMI? (2) Are there super-additive benefits to AOMI, and if so, are they unique to synchronous AOMI? (3) How might coordinative AOMI, in which people imagine complementary actions, facilitate joint actions?
Outcome of COVID-19 patients treated with VV-ECMO in Tyrol during the pandemic
Authors: Peer Andreas , Perschinka Fabian , Lehner Georg , Mayerhöfer Timo , Mair Peter , Kilo Juliane , Breitkopf Robert , Fries Dietmar , Joannidis Michael 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Introduction
A small percentage of patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV‑2) showed severe respiratory deterioration requiring treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). During the pandemic surges availability of ECMO devices was limited and resources had to be used wisely. The aim of this analysis was to determine the incidence and outcome of venovenous (VV) ECMO patients in Tyrol, when criteria based on the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) guidelines for VV-ECMO initiation were established.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of the Tyrol-CoV-ICU-Reg, which includes all patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Tyrol. Of the 13 participating departments, VV-ECMO was performed at 4 units at the University Hospital Innsbruck.

Results
Overall, 37 (3.4%) of 1101 patients were treated with VV-ECMO during their ICU stay. The hospital mortality rate was approximately 40% (n = 15). Multiorgan failure due to sepsis was the most common cause of death. No significant difference in survival rates between newly initiated and experienced centers was observed. The median survival time of nonsurvivors was 27 days (interquartile range, IQR: 22–36 days) after initiation of VV-ECMO. Acute kidney injury meeting the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria occurred in 48.6%. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) was initiated in 12 (32.4%) patients after a median of 18 days (IQR: 1–26 days) after VV-ECMO start. The median length of ICU and hospital stays were 38 days (IQR: 30–55 days) and 50 days (IQR: 37–83 days), respectively.

Discussion
Despite a rapidly increased demand and the resulting requirement to initiate an additional ECMO center, we could demonstrate that a structured approach with interdisciplinary collaboration resulted in favorable survival rates similar to multinational reports.