bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How victim sensitivity affects our attitudes and behaviour towards immigrants
Authors: Köhler Lucas John Emmanuel , Gollwitzer Mario 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThree studies explore the relation between victim sensitivity—the sensitivity to being a victim of injustice – and anti‐immigration attitudes and behaviour. Based on theoretical considerations and prior research, we hypothesized that victim sensitivity positively predicts anti‐immigration attitudes and behaviour over and above political orientation and ideology. Results from a longitudinal study (Study 1; N = 1038), a computerized online experiment (Study 2; N = 299), and a laboratory experiment (Study 3; N = 178) provide support for this hypothesis. Studies 2 and 3 indicate that a heightened fear of exploitation mediates the effect of victim sensitivity on anti‐immigration attitudes and behaviour even though attempts to scrutinize this mechanism by ‘switching off’ the psychological process were unsuccessful. We discuss methodological and theoretical implications and possible avenues for future research.
Proteomic analysis identifies HSP90AA1, PTK2B, and ANXA2 in the human entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer's disease: Potential role in synaptic homeostasis and Aβ pathology through microglial and astroglial cells
Authors: Astillero‐Lopez Veronica , Villar‐Conde Sandra , Gonzalez‐Rodriguez Melania , Flores‐Cuadrado Alicia , Ubeda‐Banon Isabel , Saiz‐Sanchez Daniel , Martinez‐Marcos Alino 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, is clinically characterized by cognitive deficits. Neuropathologically, AD brains accumulate deposits of amyloid‐β (Aβ) and tau proteins. Furthermore, these misfolded proteins can propagate from cell to cell in a prion‐like manner and induce native proteins to become pathological. The entorhinal cortex (EC) is among the earliest areas affected by tau accumulation along with volume reduction and neurodegeneration. Neuron–glia interactions have recently come into focus; however, the role of microglia and astroglia in the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. Proteomic approaches allow the determination of changes in the proteome to better understand the pathology underlying AD. Bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data was performed to compare ECs from AD and non‐AD human brain tissue. To validate the proteomic results, western blot, immunofluorescence, and confocal studies were carried out. The findings revealed that the most disturbed signaling pathway was synaptogenesis. Because of their involvement in synapse function, relationship with Aβ and tau proteins and interactions in the pathway analysis, three proteins were selected for in‐depth study: HSP90AA1, PTK2B, and ANXA2. All these proteins showed colocalization with neurons and/or astroglia and microglia and with pathological Aβ and tau proteins. In particular, ANXA2, which is overexpressed in AD, colocalized with amoeboid microglial cells and Aβ plaques surrounded by astrocytes. Taken together, the evidence suggests that unbalanced expression of HSP90AA1, PTK2B, and ANXA2 may play a significant role in synaptic homeostasis and Aβ pathology through microglial and astroglial cells in the human EC in AD.
Recreational screen time behaviour among ambulatory children and adolescents diagnosed with cerebral palsy: A cross‐sectional analysis
Authors: Fonvig Christina Esmann , Troelsen Jens , Holsgaard‐Larsen Anders 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo describe the recreational screen time behaviour of 8–16‐year‐olds diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) and explore associations between health‐related quality of life, sleep duration and physical activity behaviour versus screen time.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used proxy‐reported questionnaire data of 381 ambulatory (with or without assistance) 8–16‐year‐olds diagnosed with CP corresponding to Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I–III. Descriptive statistics were used to report age, sex and the GMFCS level. The potential associations of health‐related quality of life, physical activity behaviour and sleep duration (dependent variables) versus screen time (independent variable) were determined using multiple linear regression. Health‐related quality of life was evaluated using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, including seven dimensions: Daily Activities; School Activities; Movement and Balance; Pain and Hurt; Fatigue; Eating Activities; and Speech and Communication.ResultsThe participants spent a median screen time of 3.9 h daily. The boys spent a longer screen time during weekends than the girls (p = 0.003). Boys spent more time on games (p < 0.001), whereas girls spent more time on social media and video calls (p < 0.001). Increasing age (p < 0.001) was associated with increased screen time but did not differ between the GMFCS levels. Sleep duration, perceived fatigue and perceived movement and balance correlated negatively with screen time.ConclusionThis study sheds light on the recreational screen time habits of ambulatory children and adolescents diagnosed with CP. Further investigation into the observed associations is warranted to investigate potential causation and relationships between sleep behaviour, quality of life and screen time behaviour.
The stark implications of abolishing child welfare: An alternative path towards support and safety
Authors: Garcia Antonio R. , Berrick Jill Duerr , Jonson‐Reid Melissa , Barth Richard P. , Gyourko John R. , Kohl Patricia , Greeson Johanna K. P. , Drake Brett , Cook Victoria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractScholars and advocates are at odds about how to achieve higher levels of child safety and permanency. Calls for change include the recent upEND focus on eradication of child welfare services to a radical refocusing of the present system towards prevention/early intervention. To clarify the implications of reform over abolition, we seek to portray a future in which the abolition of child welfare has occurred, in juxtaposition to maintaining four core elements of established child maltreatment programmes around the world: (1) receiving and responding to community signals about the risk to children; (2) assessment of need coupled with a proportionate response; (3) rights protections to ensure fairness when placement outside the family is required; and (4) procedures for accountability and quality improvement. For each of these functions, we outline abolitionist advocates' positions and implications for children and parents. Across these elements, we delineate how assigning these responsibilities to communities, as suggested by upEND, would likely (1) exaggerate racial and economic inequities and (2) create structural barriers that would increase harm to children. We suggest several evidence‐informed enhancements to practice, research and policy that would mitigate these inequities while also increasing safety and permanency.
Do consumers care about clean labels? Willingness to pay for simple ingredient lists and front‐of‐package labels on beef and plant‐based burgers
Authors: Holt Darnell , Slade Peter , Hobbs Jill 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe use an online hypothetical discrete choice experiment to examine willingness to pay for two dimensions of a clean label: simple ingredient lists and front‐of‐package labels. Experimental subjects were asked to choose between beef burgers, plant‐based burgers, and hybrid burgers made with beef and plant protein. The burgers had either a simple or complex ingredient list and could also be labeled as organic or an excellent source of protein. Subjects were divided into two treatments: a treatment in which ingredient lists were always visible, and a treatment in which the ingredient lists were only visible if subjects clicked on the product image (click treatment). Subjects were willing to pay a premium of $4.55–$5.58 for products with simple ingredient lists in the visible ingredient treatment (relative to base prices of $5.00 to $12.50). This premium was reduced to $1.82–$2.29 in the click treatment. Willingness to pay for the organic and excellent source of protein labels was considerably lower and was generally insignificant, ranging from ‐$0.17 (and statistically insignificant) to $0.73. Willingness to pay for simple ingredient lists and front‐of‐package labels were not correlated, suggesting that demand for these attributes does not stem from an underlying preference for clean labels.
Effectiveness, safety and cost‐effectiveness of sacral neuromodulation for idiopathic slow‐transit constipation: a systematic review
Authors: Heemskerk Stella C. M. , van der Wilt Aart A. , Penninx Bart M. F. , Kleijnen Jos , Melenhorst Jarno , Dirksen Carmen D. , Breukink Stéphanie O. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimSacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a minimally invasive treatment option for functional constipation. Evidence regarding its effectiveness is contradictory, driven by heterogeneous study populations and designs. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness, safety and cost‐effectiveness of SNM in children and adults with refractory idiopathic slow‐transit constipation (STC).MethodOVID Medline, OVID Embase, Cochrane Library, the KSR Evidence Database, the NHS Economic Evaluation Database and the International HTA Database were searched up to 25 May 2023. For effectiveness outcomes, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected. For safety outcomes, all study designs were selected. For cost‐effectiveness outcomes, trial‐ and model‐based economic evaluations were selected for review. Study selection, risk of bias and quality assessment, and data extraction were independently performed by two reviewers. For the intervention ‘sacral neuromodulation’ effectiveness outcomes included defaecation frequency and constipation severity. Safety and cost‐effectiveness outcomes were, respectively, adverse events and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios.ResultsOf 1390 records reviewed, 67 studies were selected for full‐text screening. For effectiveness, one cross‐over and one parallel‐group RCT was included, showing contradictory results. Eleven studies on safety were included (four RCTs, three prospective cohort studies and four retrospective cohort studies). Overall infection rates varied between 0% and 22%, whereas reoperation rates varied between 0% and 29%. One trial‐based economic evaluation was included, which concluded that SNM was not cost‐effective compared with personalized conservative treatment at a time horizon of 6 months. The review findings are limited by the small number of available studies and the heterogeneity in terms of study populations, definitions of refractory idiopathic STC and study designs.ConclusionEvidence for the (cost‐)effectiveness of SNM in children and adults with refractory idiopathic STC is inconclusive. Reoperation rates of up to 29% were reported.
Advances and shortfalls in applying best practices to global tree‐growing efforts
Authors: Schubert Spencer C. , Battaglia Katherine E. , Blebea Christina N. , Seither Cole J. P. , Wehr Helena L. , Holl Karen D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs global tree‐growing efforts have escalated in the past decade, copious failures and unintended consequences have prompted many reforestation best practices guidelines. The extent to which organizations have integrated these ecological and socioeconomic recommendations, however, remains uncertain. We reviewed websites of 99 intermediary organizations that promote and fund tree‐growing projects to determine how well they report following best practices. Nearly half the organizations stated tree or area planting targets, but only 25% had measurable, time‐bound objectives. Most organizations discussed the benefits local communities would receive from trees, but only 38% reported measures of these outcomes. Nonprofit organizations with greater prior experience converged more closely on best practices, and their level of scientific expertise was positively associated with clearer project selection standards. Although many tree‐growing organizations acknowledge the importance of clear goals, local community involvement, and monitoring, our results raise questions regarding whether long‐term benefits are being achieved and emphasize the need for stronger public accountability standards.
Modeling the response of an endangered rabbit population to RHDV2 and vaccination
Authors: Russell Robin E. , Dusek Robert J. , Prevost Stephanie , Clifford Deana L. , Moriarty Megan E. , Takahashi Fumika 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2), recently detected in the western United States, has the potential to cause mass mortality events in wild rabbit and hare populations. Currently, few management strategies exist other than vaccination. We developed a spatially explicit model of RHDV2 for a population of riparian brush rabbits (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius), a subspecies of brush rabbit classified as endangered in the United States, on a subsection of the San Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge. The goal of our model was to provide guidance regarding vaccination strategies for an endangered rabbit species. Our model predicts that increased interactions between rabbits (a proxy for landscape connectivity) and disease transmission rates among susceptible hosts (individual brush rabbits and conspecifics) have the greatest influence on the outcome of a potential vaccination campaign. Our model projects that across a range of parameter estimates (given an RHDV2 incursion), the median estimated population size with a 0%–10% vaccination rate after 1 year is 538 rabbits (95% Confidence Interval [C.I.] 69–1235), approximately 36% of the expected size of the study population of 1470 rabbits without an RHDV2 introduction. With a 10%–20%, 20%–30%, or 30%–40% vaccination rate, the median estimated population size increased to 628 rabbits (95% C.I. 130–1298), 723 rabbits (95% C.I. 198–1317), and 774 rabbits (95% C.I. 228–1410), respectively. These estimates represent 43%, 49%, and 53% of the expected population size without an RHDV2 introduction. Overall, a 1% increase in vaccination rate was associated with a six rabbit (95% C.I. 5–7) increase in total remaining population size. This result is dependent on assumptions regarding environmental transmission, home range size (and contact rates of rabbits). Given the relatively short lifespan of rabbits and the potential need for boosters, vaccination programs are most likely to be successful for small target populations where relatively high vaccination rates can be maintained.
Photoanthropocene: The decentered lens of colonial photography
Authors: Reisz Emma 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotography—what Barthes called “the living image of a dead thing”—is often overlooked in discussions of cultural heritage decolonization. This paper focuses on a historical photograph attributed to the Hong Kong commercial photographer Lai Fong 黎芳, also known as Afong, that documents the aftermath of the Tianjin massacre of 1870. A photographic print of the image is held in the Robert Hart collection, a little‐known collection of historical photographs accumulated by the Irishman Robert Hart during his half‐century as an administrator in China. Like many such collections—and like Tianjin itself in the late Qing period—the photography collection resists easy categorization, and sits uneasily between Europe and Asia, Chinese and foreign, imperial and anti‐imperial. This essay proposes a “photoanthropocene” perspective, drawing on theoretical writing by Mirzoeff, Zylinska, and others to locate colonial photography within the early anthropocene. The photoanthropocene offers new ways to understand, interpret, and decolonize colonial photography.
Hydrocephalus associated with a molar tooth sign: A distinct subtype of Joubert syndrome
Authors: Gafner Michal , Haddad Leila , Gupta Rachna , Leibovitz Zvi , Zilberman Ron Itamar , Ben‐Sira Liat , Libzon Stephanie , Gindes Liat , Boltshauser Eugen , Lerman‐Sagie Tally 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydrocephalus is rarely described in Joubert‐Boltshauser syndrome (JBTS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether this association is a chance occurrence or potentially signifies a new phenotypic subtype. The databases of Wolfson Medical Center, Sourasky Medical Center, and EB's personal collection were reviewed. Records from an additional family were obtained from RG. The patients' medical records, prenatal ultrasounds, and magnetic resonance imaging were assessed. In addition, we reviewed the medical literature for the association of ventriculomegaly/hydrocephalus (VM/HC) in JBTS. Only seven cases (from five families) were found with prenatal onset of VM/HC, diagnosed during the second trimester; three pregnancies were terminated, one was stillborn and three were born, of which one died within a week, and another died at the age of 6 years. Additional central nervous system findings included dysgenesis of the corpus callosum, delayed sulcation, polymicrogyria, and pachygyria. We found 16 publications describing 54 patients with JBTS and VM/HC: only five were diagnosed at birth and three were diagnosed prenatally. Hydrocephalus is extremely rare in JBTS. The recurrence of this association, reported in several publications in multiple family members, suggests that it might represent a new phenotypic subtype of JBTS possibly associated with specific genes or variants. Further genetic studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.What this paper adds

The association of fetal hydrocephalus with Joubert‐Boltshauser syndrome (JBTS) is very rare but not a chance association.
This association represents a new phenotypic subtype of JBTS possibly linked to specific genes or variants.
Using individual‐based trait frequency distributions to forecast plant‐pollinator network responses to environmental change
Authors: Cantwell‐Jones Aoife , Tylianakis Jason M. , Larson Keith , Gill Richard J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDetermining how and why organisms interact is fundamental to understanding ecosystem responses to future environmental change. To assess the impact on plant‐pollinator interactions, recent studies have examined how the effects of environmental change on individual interactions accumulate to generate species‐level responses. Here, we review recent developments in using plant‐pollinator networks of interacting individuals along with their functional traits, where individuals are nested within species nodes. We highlight how these individual‐level, trait‐based networks connect intraspecific trait variation (as frequency distributions of multiple traits) with dynamic responses within plant‐pollinator communities. This approach can better explain interaction plasticity, and changes to interaction probabilities and network structure over spatiotemporal or other environmental gradients. We argue that only through appreciating such trait‐based interaction plasticity can we accurately forecast the potential vulnerability of interactions to future environmental change. We follow this with general guidance on how future studies can collect and analyse high‐resolution interaction and trait data, with the hope of improving predictions of future plant‐pollinator network responses for targeted and effective conservation.
A diagnostic framework to identify vestibular involvement in multi‐sensory neurological disease
Authors: Male Amanda J. , Holmes Sarah L. , Koohi Nehzat , Dudziec Magdalena , Hanna Michael G. , Ramdharry Gita M. , Pizzamiglio Chiara , Pitceathly Robert D. S. , Kaski Diego 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeIdentifying vestibular causes of dizziness and unsteadiness in multi‐sensory neurological disease can be challenging, with problems typically attributed to central or peripheral nerve involvement. Acknowledging vestibular dysfunction as part of the presentation provides an opportunity to access targeted vestibular rehabilitation, for which extensive evidence exists. A diagnostic framework was developed and validated to detect vestibular dysfunction, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or vestibular migraine. The specificity and sensitivity of the diagnostic framework was tested in patients with primary mitochondrial disease.MethodsAdults with a confirmed diagnosis of primary mitochondrial disease were consented, between September 2020 and February 2022. Participants with and without dizziness or unsteadiness underwent remote physiotherapy assessment and had in‐person detailed neuro‐otological assessment. The six framework question responses were compared against objective neuro‐otological assessment or medical notes. The output was binary, with sensitivity and specificity calculated.ResultsSeventy‐four adults completed the study: age range 20–81 years (mean 48 years, ±SD 15.05 years); ratio 2:1 female to male. The framework identified a vestibular diagnosis in 35 participants, with seven having two diagnoses. The framework was able to identify vestibular diagnoses in adults with primary mitochondrial disease, with a moderate (40–59) to very high (90–100) sensitivity and positive predictive value, and moderate to high (60–74) to very high (90–100) specificity and negative predictive value.ConclusionsOverall, the clinical framework identified common vestibular diagnoses with a moderate to very high specificity and sensitivity. This presents an opportunity for patients to access effective treatment in a timely manner, to reduce falls and improve quality of life.
A systematic literature review on the global epidemiology of Dravet syndrome and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome: Prevalence, incidence, diagnosis, and mortality
Authors: Sullivan Joseph , Benítez Arturo , Roth Jeannine , Andrews J. Scott , Shah Drishti , Butcher Emma , Jones Aimee , Cross J. Helen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) are rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathies associated with seizure and nonseizure symptoms. A comprehensive understanding of how many individuals are affected globally, the diagnostic journey they face, and the extent of mortality associated with these conditions is lacking. Here, we summarize and evaluate published data on the epidemiology of DS and LGS in terms of prevalence, incidence, diagnosis, genetic mutations, and mortality and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) rates. The full study protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022316930). After screening 2172 deduplicated records, 91 unique records were included; 67 provided data on DS only, 17 provided data on LGS only, and seven provided data on both. Case definitions varied considerably across studies, particularly for LGS. Incidence and prevalence estimates per 100 000 individuals were generally higher for LGS than for DS (LGS: incidence proportion = 14.5–28, prevalence = 5.8–60.8; DS: incidence proportion = 2.2–6.5, prevalence = 1.2–6.5). Diagnostic delay was frequently reported for LGS, with a wider age range at diagnosis reported than for DS (DS, 1.6–9.2 years; LGS, 2–15 years). Genetic screening data were reported by 63 studies; all screened for SCN1A variants, and only one study specifically focused on individuals with LGS. Individuals with DS had a higher mortality estimate per 1000 person‐years than individuals with LGS (DS, 15.84; LGS, 6.12) and a lower median age at death. SUDEP was the most frequently reported cause of death for individuals with DS. Only four studies reported mortality information for LGS, none of which included SUDEP. This systematic review highlights the paucity of epidemiological data available for DS and especially LGS, demonstrating the need for further research and adoption of standardized diagnostic criteria.