bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEACHER’S PERCEPTION TOWARD THE USE OF DIALOGUE IN IMPROVING ENGLISH COMMUNICATION AT PGRI SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF PAGARALAM
Authors: Ferly Herlizon  
Published: October 2023

This research is intended to know and analyze the teacher’s perception toward the use of dialogue in improving English communication at PGRI senior high school of Pagaralam. This research is descriptive qualitative research. Observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documents were used to collect data in this research. Sources of data used by researchers are interviews and questionaires used talks with teachers. because of that researchers get accurate information about what was done during the activity and find out the results of these activities using the data types and data sources described. The results of this research indicate that conversational learning using dialogue could improve communication, and students' motivation to learn English.
Keywords: Perception, Dialogue, English Communication
Profiles of patients with myelomeningocele admitted to the neonatal unit at Universitas Academic Hospital in Bloemfontein, South Africa
Authors: Pillay D N , Moodley P 
Published: October 2023

Background. Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a common neural tube defect with significant sequelae. There are limited recent data on the mortality and morbidity of MMC in South Africa (SA).
Objective. To describe the outcomes and characteristics of patients with MMC admitted to the neonatal unit at Universitas Academic Hospital (UAH) in Bloemfontein, SA.
Methods. A retrospective, descriptive study which included 53 patients with MMC admitted to the neonatal unit between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2019 was conducted. Electronic patient records were reviewed. Data included outcomes, length of stay, complications and maternal and infant characteristics.
Results. The inpatient mortality rate was 11.3% (n=6/53). The median length of stay was 18 days. Notable MMC complications included hydrocephalus (88.7%; n=47/53), Chiari malformation type II (44.7%; n=21/47), lower-limb paralysis (84.9%; n=45/53), lower-limb deformities (60.4%; n=32/53), meningitis (52.8%; n=28/53), neuropathic bladder (37.7%; n=20/53) and loss of anal tone (41.5%; n=22/53). MMC repair was performed in 62.2% (n=33/53) and 27.3% (n=9/33) developed complications. Wound sepsis and breakdown were the most common complications (18.2%, n=6/33), with a median 8 days to complications. Antenatal sonar was not performed in 62% (n=31/50) of cases. MMC was detected antenatally in 20% of cases.
Conclusion. The inpatient mortality rate in thisstudy was lower than the mortality rates reported in other low- and middle-income countries although significant morbidity was identified. A lack of quality antenatal care and access to antenatal sonars were barriers to early detection of MMC. Other healthcare system infrastructural failures may be contributory, which highlights the need for ongoing inter- sectoral collaboration for prevention, early detection and management of MMC to improve patient outcomes.
Impact of workplace violence towards public service emergency care providers on access to emergency medical care in Gauteng Province, South Africa
Authors: Khosa T , Shibiya M N , Mshunqane N 
Published: October 2023

Background. Workplace violence is a global concern that threatens access to equal and efficient healthcare in developing countries. Objective. To discuss the impact of workplace violence towards Gauteng Province-based public service emergency care providers on access to emergency medical care within Gauteng communities.
Methods. This study was based on a larger non-experimental, convergent parallel mixed-methods study guided by an interpretive framework founded on pragmatism. Evidence on workplace violence towards Gauteng-based public service prehospital emergency care providers was collected from the general population of Gauteng, sampled using multistage cluster sampling, public service emergency care providers, sampled using two-stage cluster sampling and purposively sampled managers of Gauteng Emergency Medical Services as well as South African Police Services. Surveys were used to gather information from the general population, focus group discussions were conducted with prehospital emergency care providers and semi-structured interviews were conducted to engage managers. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected concurrently, and findings were triangulated. Parallel mixed-methods analysis that involved separate analysis of the quantitative and qualitative data was used to analyse the data.
Results. A total of 413 survey questionnaires comprising of 196 web-based and 218 paper-based responses were included in the quantitative subphase of the study. The majority (66.1%; n=273) of participants resided in townships, 24.5% (n=101) in the city, 3.6% (n=15) in informal settlements, 2.9% (n=12) in school accommodation or school residences and only 2.9% (n=12) in flats, complexes, rural areas, security estates, smallholdings or suburbs. These are the participants who met the inclusion criteria, and specifically who were non-members of medical schemes and resided in communities where public service emergency care providers mostly render their services. For the qualitative subphase, two subthemes emerged during the interviews of managers supporting access to emergency medical care in Gauteng. The themes were ‘limited access to emergency medical care’ and ‘delayed response time’. At the same time a theme ‘leaving a violent scene’ emerged from the prehospital emergency care providers’ focus group discussions.
Conclusion. The study revealed that workplace violence towards public service prehospital emergency care providers has a negative impact on access to emergency medical care among low- to middle-income communities in Gauteng who depend on state-funded healthcare.
Mamuapuat au bout de la route
Authors: Guimond Laurie , Lapierre Nathalie , Mesténapéo Yvonne , Couture-Cossette Marianne , Bellehumeur Charlotte 
Published: October 2023

Si les relations entre Autochtones et Allochtones sont relativement bien documentées au plan politico-institutionnel, notamment de la gouvernance, des relations de « nation à nation », et des négociations d’ententes territoriales, il s’avère que les modalités de cette rencontre, telle qu’elle se déploie au quotidien, demeurent quant à elles peu connues et valorisées. Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à la cohabitation interculturelle, sur la Côte-Nord, entre la communauté innue de Nutashkuan et le village de Natashquan. À partir d’une démarche partenariale et interculturelle, nous explorons la cohabitation sur les territoires du quotidien, afin de mieux comprendre les facteurs de rapprochement et de distance au sein des communautés ainsi que dans l’arrière-pays, le Nitassinan, territoire ancestral innu, partagés depuis plus de 165 ans avec les Macacains et les Macacaines, de descendance acadienne. Notre article aboutit à une réflexion sur l’expérience des individus et des communautés dites périphériques en mettant de l’avant le vivre-ensemble.
Marco Aurelio tra ortoprassia e «nomen Christianum»
Authors: Zarro Gianluca 
Published: October 2023

Abstract - It is known that the hostile attitude of Marcus Aurelius towards Christianity has even an autograph attestation in a famous fragment of Marc. Aur. Τὰ εἰς ἑαυτόν 11.3, based on this testimony the princeps philosophus, on the one hand reproached the Christians for their lack of reasonableness, on the other the obstinate theatricality with which they faced martyrdom. At the end of an analysis aimed at retracing the testimonies of the acts of the Martyrs, apologists and historians and writers, it was decided to 'drop' the individual episodes attributable to the twenty years of the Aurelian principality in the broader context of administrative and legislative reforms of the princeps . What emerged was the absence of an ad hoc regulatory provision and more generally a hostile attitude of administrators and officials, which also reflected a hostility of the ‘intellighenzia’ of the time. In essence, more elements, local – such as the gladiator shows – and global, such as the plague and religious and normative conservatism, as well as the administrative reorganization, contributed, perhaps beyond an ill-concealed antipathy of the princeps, conservative both in the legislative and in the religious one, to create unfavorable conditions for Christians, during the Aurelian age.
Assessing Sustainable Development Goals Implementation in Pasuruan’s Great Disability House
Authors: Wahyuni Sandiani Sri , Nabilah Sakinah Ilfi , Khusnudin  , Wardana Guntur Kusuma 
Published: October 2023

Sustainable development is a form of achieving social justice for every generation that aims to support economic growth based on social and environmental development. Pasuruan City as one of the cities in Pasuruan Regency which forms a sustainable development program by presenting Great Disability House which was established to facilitate persons with disabilities in Pasuruan City to receive various skills training. The purpose of this study was to determine the goals of sustainable development at Great Disability Home based on OJK (Authority Service Finance) sustainable indicators, and the role of Great Disability House in the sustainable development of Pasuruan City. To conduct research related to these objectives, researchers used a mix-method approach, namely a quantitative method on the results of direct interviews with Great Disability House in Pasuruan City, and a qualitative method with an indicators of sustainable development goals in Indonesia study approach. The results of the study show that indicators of sustainable development can be identified as follows: (1) ecologically sustainable, through creating salable products through recycling both organic and inorganic waste; (2) economic sustainability, through good product marketing through an online sales platform where the output is able to prosper the members of Great Disability House; (3) socio cultural sustainability, through handmade craft products that reflect the local culture of Pasuruan City (4) sustainable politics, defense and security, through the creation of various types of products that do not oppose elements of SARA (Ethnicity, Religion, Race, and Inter-group), elements of political campaign means and elements of plagiarism.
Eligibility for Human Leukocyte Antigen–Based Therapeutics by Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Olivier Timothée , Haslam Alyson , Tuia Jordan , Prasad Vinay 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceThe development of therapeutics for patients who are positive for specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) subtypes evokes the question of whether certain racial and ethnic groups are more or less likely to be eligible for novel products.ObjectiveTo determine whether racial and ethnic inequities were present with regard to trial eligibility in trials investigating a therapeutic restricted to patients with specific HLA subtypes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study included all clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov through March 18, 2022, that investigated an interventional study of a therapeutic strategy and restricted participants to those with at least 1 HLA subtype. Data were analyzed from May 8 to July 1, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe type of therapeutics used in trials, the condition under study, the HLA subtypes used, and the likelihood of being enrolled in such a trial according to race and ethnicity.ResultsOf 2135 trials identified, 263 met inclusion criteria. Overall, the estimated likelihood of being eligible for an HLA-based trial was 50.3%. Individuals of African American descent had the lowest likelihood of eligibility (33.0%), while being an individual of European descent conferred the highest (53.0%; 1.6 times more likely than African American individuals). Most trials studied anticancer therapeutics (258 [98.1%; 95% CI, 96.4%-99.7%]), and most were a therapeutic vaccine (179 [68.1%; 95% CI, 62.4%-73.7%]). The HLA-A*02:01 allele and the HLA-A2 serotype were the most frequent HLA subtypes for trial eligibility. The frequency of the HLA-A*02:01 allele in the population varied, with 11.9% (95% CI, 11.8%-12.0%) in African or African American individuals and 27.1% (95% CI, 27.1%-27.1%) in individuals of European descent.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that enrollment restrictions for clinical trials investigating novel HLA therapeutics may be associated with racial and ethnic inequities with regard to trial eligibility. Overcoming these restrictions poses biological challenges, but solutions must be implemented to provide equal access to innovative strategies regardless of race or ethnicity.
Perinatal Trajectories of Maternal Depressive Symptoms in Prospective, Community-Based Cohorts Across 3 Continents
Authors: Kee Michelle Z. L. , Cremaschi Andrea , De Iorio Maria , Chen Helen , Montreuil Tina , Nguyen Tuong Vi , Côté Sylvana M. , O’Donnell Kieran J. , Giesbrecht Gerald F. , Letourneau Nicole , Chan Shiao Yng , Meaney Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceDepressive symptoms during pregnancy influence the development and health of the offspring, underscoring the need for timely intervention. However, the course of depressive symptoms across the perinatal period remains unclear, thus complicating screening and referral guidelines.ObjectiveTo examine the course and stability of depressive symptoms across the perinatal period in multiple, ethnically diverse independent observational cohorts.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included self-reported depressive symptoms at multiple time points from 7 prospective cohorts spanning 3 continents (United Kingdom: Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children from 1991 to 1995; Canada: Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment from 2003 to 2007; Montreal Antenatal Well-being Study from 2019 to 2022; Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition from 2009 to 2014; and Singapore: Growing Up in Singapore Toward Healthy Outcomes from 2009 to 2013; Singapore Preconception Study of Long-Term Maternal and Child Outcomes from 2015 to 2019; and Mapping Antenatal Maternal Stress from 2019 to 2022). Participants were recruited either during preconception or pregnancy and observed into the postnatal period. All data from each cohort were analyzed from July 2022 to April 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSelf-reported depressive symptoms from pregnancy to 2 years following childbirth using either the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale or the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression were analyzed independently within each cohort using item response theory (IRT) techniques. K-means clustering was used to identify groups of participants with similar trajectories.ResultsA total of 11 563 pregnant women (mean [SD] age, 29 [5] years; 569 [4.9%] East Asian women; 304 [2.6%] Southeast Asian women; 10 133 [87.6%] White women) self-reported depressive symptoms from pregnancy to 2 years following childbirth. Analytic methods from Item Response Theory identified 3 groups of mothers based on depressive symptoms: low, mild, and high levels in each of the 7 cohorts. Mothers within and across all cohorts had stable trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms from pregnancy onwards. Mothers with clinical levels of depressive symptoms likewise showed stable trajectories from pregnancy into the postnatal period.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, trajectories of depressive symptoms remained stable from pregnancy across the perinatal period, a finding that conflicts with a continuing emphasis on postpartum or postnatal onset of depression that persists in some health policy guidelines. Interventions and public health initiatives should focus on reducing depressive symptoms during pregnancy in addition to following birth.
Natural history of Becker muscular dystrophy: a multicenter study of 225 patients
Authors: Nakamura Akinori , Matsumura Tsuyoshi , Ogata Katsuhisa , Mori‐Yoshimura Madoka , Takeshita Eri , Kimura Koichi , Kawashima Takahiro , Tomo Yui , Arahata Hajime , Miyazaki Daigo , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Takahashi Toshiaki , Ishigaki Keiko , Kuru Satoshi , Wakisaka Akiko , Awano Hiroyuki , Funato Michinori , Sato Tatsuharu , Saito Yoshiaki , Takada Hiroto , Sugie Kazuma , Kobayashi Michio , Ozasa Shiro , Fujii Tatsuya , Maegaki Yoshihiro , Oi Hideki , Tachimori Hisateru , Komaki Hirofumi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveBecker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a milder variant of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a lethal X‐linked muscular disorder. Here, we aim to investigat the clinical involvement of skeletal, respiratory, cardiac, and central nervous systems in patients with BMD, as well as genotype–phenotype relationships.MethodsThis nationwide cohort study investigated the clinical manifestations and genotype–phenotype relationships in 225 patients with BMD having in‐frame deletion from 22 medical centers. The primary outcome was to elucidate the association of genotype with skeletal muscle, respiratory, cardiac, and central nervous system disorders. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe average age of the subjects was 31.5 (range, 1–81) years. Initial symptoms of BMD were muscular (60%), followed by asymptomatic hypercreatine kinasemia (32.4%) and central nervous system disorders (5.3%). Gait disturbance was observed in 53.8% of patients and the average age at wheelchair introduction was 36.5 years. The ventilator introduction rate was 6.7% at an average age of 36.6 years. More than 30% of patients had an abnormal electrocardiogram and approximately 15% had heart failure symptoms. Cardiac function on echocardiography varied significantly among the patients. The frequencies of seizures and intellectual/developmental disability were 8.0% and 16.9%, respectively. Exon 45–47deletion (del) was the most common (22.6%), followed by exon 45–48del (13.1%). Patients with exon 45–49del patients demonstrated severe skeletal muscle damage. Patients with exon 45–47del and exon 45–55del patients did not require ventilator use.InterpretationThe study provides important prognostic information for patients and clinicians to establish therapy plans and to implement preventative medicine.
Crystalline Orientation‐Tunable Growth of Hexagonal and Tetragonal 2H─PtSe2 Single‐Crystal Flakes
Authors: Zeng Shiyan , Zhao Minmin , Li Fang , Yang Zhihao , Wu Haijuan , Tan Chao , Sun Qiang , Yang Lei , Lei Li , Wang Zegao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to the narrow bandgap, environment stability, and Pt vacancy‐induced magnetism, PtSe2 has been considered a promising candidate for future broadband photodetection and electronics. However, the growth of single‐crystal PtSe2 is still a challenge. Herein, the synthesis of hexagonal and tetragonal 2H─PtSe2 single‐crystal flakes by precisely tailoring the growth temperature is reported. Through atomic structure analysis, hexagonal and tetragonal flakes are proven c‐axis and a‐axis orientations of 2H─PtSe2, indicating the preferred nucleation orientations are along the basal plane and vertically basal plane, respectively. The crystalline orientation‐dependent properties are studied including high‐pressure and polarized in situ‐Raman, electrical transport. The out‐of‐basal plane vibration (A1g) is sensitive to pressure showing 2.744 and 3.282 cm−1 GPa−1 corresponding to c‐2H─PtSe2 and a‐2H─PtSe2, respectively. The conductivity of c‐2H─PtSe2 is 57 times higher than that of a‐2H─PtSe2. Furthermore, by studying magnetic transport at low temperatures, both c‐2H─PtSe2 and a‐2H─PtSe2 exhibit butterfly‐shaped magnetoresistance hysteresis suggesting their ferromagnetic property. The c‐2H─PtSe2 has a higher |MR| ratio and higher coercive field compared with a‐2H─PtSe2, indicating that across multilayer carrier regulation for c‐2H─PtSe2 is more difficult than intra‐layer carrier regulation for a‐2H─PtSe2. This study opens the way to grow different crystalline orientations of 2D materials and will bring more abundant properties.
Hierarchical Conical Metasurfaces as Ultra‐Broadband Perfect Absorbers from Visible to Far‐Infrared Regime
Authors: Hu Jin , Xu Kang , Huang Peilin , Wang Min , Xu Shaolin , Wei Qi‐Huo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWideband perfect absorbers are widely demanded for various applications, including efficient photodetection, radiation cooling. However, achieving perfect absorption across an extensive range of wavelengths on engraved structured substrate remains a challenge due to the complex light responses. It presents a hierarchical conical metasurface that demonstrates distinct perfect absorption from visible to far‐infrared range (0.4–16 µm), which is composed of surface‐engraved high aspect ratio nanogratings on microcones. The perfect absorption in the typical reststrahlen band of 4H‐SiC primarily relies on a light‐trapping‐enhanced surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) mechanism, where the microcones effectively confine and enhance the SPhPs excited by the nanogratings through light trapping. Outside the reststrahlen band, the dominant mechanism for light antireflection is the light trapping of microcones assisted by nanogratings, which act as an equivalent antireflection layer. The hierarchical cones exhibit exceptional broadband performance, achieving an average absorptance of 98% over the spectrum of 0.4–16 µm with wide‐angle feasibility, and are fabricated using one‐step ultrafast‐laser ablation with ring‐shaped vector beams. Notably, the hierarchical cones can be applied to various materials, showing significant potential for use in photodetectors.
Stem Cell Self‐Triggered Regulation and Differentiation on Polyvinylidene Fluoride Electrospun Nanofibers
Authors: Wu Hanbai , Shi Shuo , Zhou Huiqun , Zhi Chuanwei , Meng Shuo , Io Weng‐Fu , Ming Yang , Wang Yuchao , Lei Leqi , Fei Bin , Hao Jianhua , Hu Jinlian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSmart electroactive materials that can dynamically regulate stem cell fate without external stimuli have fascinated increasing attention. Meanwhile, noninvasive electrical stimulation has emerged as a less restrictive approach, generating considerable interest in its potential biomedical applications. The intricate interplay between cells and materials within complex microenvironments includes encompassing substrate response, ion exchange, and membrane potential alterations. However, the mechanisms by which smart materials influence stem cells have yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, electrospinning technology is utilized to fabricate bone‐mimicking microenvironments comprising disordered and highly oriented polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers. The aligned annealed PVDF (AA) and random annealed PVDF (RA) membranes present high fractions of β‐phase. By comparing the osteogenic ability, calcium activity, and F‐actin distribution of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured with these PVDF nanofibers, it is proposed that the stem cells autonomously regulate their differentiation by remodeling the cytoskeleton on the electrospun membranes. Electrical stimulation, more adhesion area, and active calcium influx support the greater osteogenesis of BMSCs on RA than AA. This mechanism can provide a basic theory for the design and preparation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds and contribute to the further study of cells and microenvironments.