bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of exercise on improving myocardial mitochondrial function in decreasing diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhang Feng , Lin Jian jian , Tian Hao nan , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a significant cause of heart failure in patients with diabetes, and its pathogenesis is closely related to myocardial mitochondrial injury and functional disability. Studies have shown that the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy is related to disorders in mitochondrial metabolic substrates, changes in mitochondrial dynamics, an imbalance in mitochondrial Ca2+regulation, defects in the regulation of microRNAs, and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Physical activity may play a role in resistance to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy by improving myocardial mitochondrial biogenesis, the level of autophagy and dynamic changes in fusion and division; enhancing the ability to cope with oxidative stress; and optimising the metabolic substrates of the myocardium. This paper puts forward a new idea for further understanding the specific mitochondrial mechanism of the occurrence and development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and clarifying the role of exercise‐mediated myocardial mitochondrial changes in the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. This is expected to provide a new theoretical basis for exercise to reduce diabetic cardiomyopathy symptoms.
Sentient cells as basic units of tissues, organs and organismal physiology
Authors: Baluška František , Miller William B. , Reber Arthur S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCells evolved some 4 billion years ago, and since then the integrity of the structural and functional continuity of cellular life has been maintained via highly conserved and ancient processes of cell reproduction and division. The plasma membrane as well as all the cytoplasmic structures are reproduced and inherited uninterruptedly by each of the two daughter cells resulting from every cell division. Although our understanding of the evolutionary emergence of the very first cells is obscured by the extremely long timeline since that revolutionary event, the generally accepted position is that the de novo formation of cells is not possible; all present cells are products of other prior cells. This essential biological principle was first discovered by Robert Remak and then effectively coined as Omnis Cellula e Cellula (every cell of the cell) by Rudolf Virchow: all currently living cells have direct structural and functional connections to the very first cells. Based on our previous theoretical analysis, all cells are endowed with individual sentient cognition that guides their individual agency, behaviour and evolution. There is a vital consequence of this new sentient and cognitive view of cells: when cells assemble as functional tissue ecologies and organs within multicellular organisms, including plants, animals and humans, these cellular aggregates display derivative versions of aggregate tissue‐ and organ‐specific sentience and consciousness. This innovative view of the evolution and physiology of all currently living organisms supports a singular principle: all organismal physiology is based on cellular physiology that extends from unicellular roots.
Development of an Artificial Intelligence Model to Predict Combustion Properties, With a Focus on Auto-Ignition Delay
Authors: Bounaceur Roda , Heymes Romain , Glaude Pierre-Alexandre , Sirjean Baptiste , Fournet René , Montagne Pierre , Auvray Alexandre , Impellizzeri Eric , Biehler Pierre , Picard Alexandre , Prieur-Garrouste Bastien , Molière Michel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hydrogen-compatible gas turbines are one way to decarbonize electricity production. However, burning and handling hydrogen is not trivial because of its high reactivity and tendency to detonate. Mandatory safety parameters, such as auto-ignition delay times, can be estimated thanks to predictive detailed kinetic models, but with significant calculation times that limit coupling with fluid mechanic codes. An auto-ignition prediction tool was developed based on an artificial intelligence (AI) model for fast computations and an implementation into an explosion model. A dataset of ignition delay times (IDTs) was generated automatically using a recent detailed kinetic model from National University of Galway (NUIG) selected from the literature. Generated data cover a wide operating range and different compositions of fuels. Clustering problems in sample points were avoided by a quasi-random Sobol sequence, which covers uniformly the entire input parameter space. The different algorithms were trained, cross-validated, and tested using a database of more than 70,000 ignitions cases of natural gas/hydrogen blends calculated with the full kinetic model by using a common split of 70/30 for training, testing. The AI model shows a high degree of robustness. For both the training and testing datasets, the average value of the correlation coefficient was above 99.91%, and the mean absolute error (MAE) and the mean square error (MSE) were around 0.03 and lower than 0.04, respectively. Tests showed the robustness of the AI model outside the ranges of pressure, temperature, and equivalence ratio of the dataset. A deterioration is, however, observed with increasing amounts of large alkanes in the natural gas.
Generalized Semistability and Stochastic Semistability for Switched Nonlinear Systems Using Fixed Point Theory
Authors: Shaho Alaviani Seyyed , Kelkar Atul G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper generalizes our previous results on semistability and stochastic semistability for switched nonlinear systems published in the Proceedings of 2021 Modeling, Estimation and Control Conference. The paper also provides the results on semistability in mean square for switched nonlinear discrete-time systems. The theoretical result involves generalized sufficient conditions for (stochastic) semistability and semistability in mean square of discrete-time nonlinear dynamical systems under time-varying or random (arbitrary) switching by means of Fixed Point Theory. An advantage of these results is to overcome fundamental challenges arising from using existing methods such as Lyapunov and LaSalle methods. As an application of the theoretical results presented, a constrained distributed consensus problem over random multi-agent networks is considered for which a generalized asynchronous and totally asynchronous iterative algorithm is derived. The algorithm is able to converge even if the weighted matrix of the graph is periodic and irreducible under synchronous protocol. Finally, a numerical example is given in which there is a distribution dependency among communication graphs to demonstrate the results.
Development of a Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation Framework for Aerothermal Analyses of Electric Vehicle Battery Packs
Authors: Misar Adit , Jain Ayushi , Xu Jun , Uddin Mesbah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The rise of electric vehicles has driven the extensive adoption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their favorable attributes—compactness, low resistance, high power density, and minimal self-discharge. To enhance LIB reliability, an efficient battery thermal management system is imperative. This paper introduces a finite volume-based aerothermal analysis framework for a 32-cell high-energy density LIB pack. We also explore the effectiveness of various turbulence models in capturing local hotspots, discharge rates, and current levels across different geometries and inlet velocities. Our approach involves modeling the battery using Simcenter Battery Design Studio and importing it into Simcenter star-ccm+ for aerothermal simulations in which temperature distribution, discharge rates, current levels, and maximum temperature across are monitored for aligned, cross, and staggered configurations of the battery pack under varying inlet velocities. Our findings highlight the significant impact of boundary condition modeling on simulation stability. Also we observed that the standard k–ε model provides the most accurate predictions, with prediction accuracy within 3–10% of experimental data. Moreover, we identify substantial dependencies between heat generation and discharge current, as well as thermal gradients and inlet velocity. Finally, we conclude that the aligned cell arrangement offers the best thermal uniformity and cooling efficiency.
Influence of Multiple Modifications on the Fatigue Behavior of Bitumen and Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Sorge Ronny , Rochlani Mrinali , Riedl Steffen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study included six bitumens, one unmodified and five modified, and their corresponding asphalt mixtures. The first bitumen was the base bitumen and further five variants were made by the authors using the same base bitumen and different combinations of modifiers which included styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), Fischer–Tropsch wax (FTW), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), reactive elastomeric terpolymer (RET), and natural asphalt (NA). The influence on the fatigue life of bitumen and asphalt due to modification, bitumen rheology, preload, water storage, and aging was studied. A new temperature range was developed—the fatigue-relevant temperature range (FRTR) for specifying fatigue test temperatures for bitumen and asphalt. A new methodology that includes preload and water storage was also done to study the active adhesion behavior between bitumen and aggregates and its influence on fatigue life. Overall, modifications showed positive influence on the fatigue behavior of bitumen and asphalt. Variants E (SBS and RET) and F (SBS and NA) showed the greatest positive influence with an increase in the fatigue life by 500% and 210% for bitumen and 200% and 375% for asphalt respectively. With water storage, the fatigue life reduced by 500% for unmodified asphalt and in the range of 333–1350% for modified ones. Due to aging, the fatigue life reduced from 700% for unmodified and between 700% and 2500% for modified asphalt mixtures.
Comparison of Tribological Characteristics of LM13/B4C and LM13/Ilmenite Composites at High-Temperature Conditions
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Nanda Tarun , Pandey O. P. , Singhal Varun , Bansal Sandeep , Raman Ravi Shankar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, high-temperature tribological characteristics of ilmenite-reinforced LM13 aluminum alloy–based matrix composites (AMCs) and boron carbide–reinforced AMCs are compared. Stir-cast composites were processed using boron carbide (covalently bonded discontinuous particles (CDP)) and ilmenite (natural discontinuous particles (NDP)) particles separately as reinforcements. The particle size range was 106–125 µm, and reinforcement levels were 5, 10, and 15 wt% for both types of composites. Both composites exhibited a uniform distribution of reinforced particles and grain refinement. Compared to the LM13 base alloy, NDP composite containing 15 wt% reinforcement showed significant improvement in hardness (57%), coefficient of friction (57%), mild-to-severe wear transition temperature, average steady-state wear-rate (49%), and coefficient of thermal expansion (55%). CDP-15 composite showed slightly better properties than NDP-15 composite. Microstructure refinement, increased dimensional stability, formation of the oxide layer, and formation of tribolayer due to reinforcement of the ceramic fillers were the main reasons for the improvement in properties of processed AMCs. Scanning electron microscope (SEM)-energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of wear tracks-debris showed abrasive/delamination wear as the main mechanism for materials loss. The research showed that the low-cost ilmenite particles can substitute for the very costly boron carbide particles as reinforcements in AMCs used for dry sliding wear applications under high operating temperatures–applied load conditions of the order of 300 °C–49 N.
Designing Mixed-Category Stochastic Microstructures by Deep Generative Model-Based and Curvature Functional-Based Methods
Authors: Xu Leidong , Naghavi Khanghah Kiarash , Xu Hongyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bridging the gaps among various categories of stochastic microstructures remains a challenge in the design representation of microstructural materials. Each microstructure category requires certain unique mathematical and statistical methods to define the design space (design representation). The design representation methods are usually incompatible between two different categories of stochastic microstructures. The common practice of preselecting the microstructure category and the associated design representation method before conducting rigorous computational design restricts the design freedom and hinders the discovery of innovative microstructure designs. To overcome this issue, this article proposes and compares two novel methods, the deep generative modeling-based method, and the curvature functional-based method, to understand their pros and cons in designing mixed-category stochastic microstructures for desired properties. For the deep generative modeling-based method, the variational autoencoder is employed to generate an unstructured latent space as the design space. For the curvature functional-based method, the microstructure geometry is represented by curvature functionals, of which the functional parameters are employed as the microstructure design variables. Regressors of the microstructure design variables–property relationship are trained for microstructure design optimization. A comparative study is conducted to understand the relative merits of these two methods in terms of computational cost, continuous transition, design scalability, design diversity, dimensionality of the design space, interpretability of the statistical equivalency, and design performance.
Inactivation of dried cells and biofilms of
Listeria monocytogenes
by exposure to blue light at different wavelengths and the influence of surface materials
Authors: Olszewska Magdalena A. , Dev Kumar Govindaraj , Hur Minji , Diez-Gonzalez Francisco 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Antimicrobial blue light (aBL) in the 400–470 nm wavelength range has been reported to kill multiple bacteria. This study assessed its potential for mitigating an important foodborne pathogen,
Listeria monocytogenes
(Lm), focusing on surface decontamination. Three wavelengths were tested, with gallic acid as a photosensitizing agent (Ps), against dried cells obtained from bacterial suspensions, and biofilms on stainless-steel (SS) coupons. Following aBL exposure, standard microbiological analysis of inoculated coupons was conducted to measure viability. Statistical analysis of variance was performed. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to observe the biofilm structures. Within 16 h of exposure at 405 nm, viable Lm dried cells and biofilms were reduced by approx. 3 log CFU/cm
2
with doses of 2,672 J/cm
2
. Application of Ps resulted in an additional 1 log CFU/cm
2
at 668 J/cm
2
, but its effect was not consistent. The highest dose (960 J/cm
2
) at 420 nm reduced viable counts on the biofilms by 1.9 log CFU/cm
2
. At 460 nm, after 800 J/cm
2
, biofilm counts were reduced by 1.6 log CFU/cm
2
. The effect of material composition on Lm viability was also investigated. Irradiation at 405 nm (668 J/cm
2
) of cells dried on polystyrene resulted in one of the largest viability reductions (4.0 log CFU/cm
2
), followed by high-density polyethylene (3.5 log CFU/cm
2
). Increasing the dose to 4,008 J/cm
2
from 405 nm (24 h), improved its efficacy only on SS and polyvinyl chloride. Biofilm micrographs displayed a decrease in biofilm biomass due to the removal of biofilm portions from the surface and a shift from live to dead cells suggesting damage to biofilm cell membranes. These results suggest that aBL is a potential intervention to treat Lm contamination on typical material surfaces used in food production.

IMPORTANCE
Current cleaning and sanitation programs are often not capable of controlling pathogen biofilms on equipment surfaces, which transmit the bacteria to ready-to-eat foods. The presence of native plant microbiota and organic matter can protect pathogenic bacteria by reducing the efficacy of sanitizers as well as promoting biofilm formation. Post-operation washing and sanitizing of produce contact surfaces might not be adequate in eliminating the presence of pathogens and commensal bacteria. The use of a dynamic and harmless light technology during downtime and close of operation could serve as a useful tool in preventing biofilm formation and persistence. Antimicrobial blue light (aBL) technology has been explored for hospital disinfection with very promising results, but its application to control foodborne pathogens remains relatively limited. The use of aBL could be a complementary strategy to inactivate surfaces in restaurant or supermarket deli settings.
Public awareness of childhood, teenager and young adult cancer signs and symptoms in Great Britain: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Liu Jo-Fen , Shanmugavadivel Dhurgsharna , Ball-Gamble Ashley , Stewart Angela , Walker David 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo assess public awareness of the risks and symptoms of cancer in children, teenagers, and young adults (CTYA) aged <18 years in Great Britain.MethodsA face-to-face computer-assisted opinion survey was conducted by Ipsos MORI. Participants were a population-based sample of 1000 adults (475 men, 525 women) aged >18 years, with 26% having children aged 6–15 in their households. Questions covered perception about cumulative cancer risk, confidence in recognising signs and symptoms, recognition and perceived urgency of classical signs and symptoms.ResultsOnly 32% of respondents felt confident in recognising CTYA cancer signs and symptoms. Symptoms deemed to require medical assessment within 48 hours by over 50% of participants included seizures/fits, blood in urine or stool, and persistent vomiting. All symptoms except one were selected for assessment within 3 months. On average, respondents identified 10.6 out of 42 classical signs and symptoms. The most recognised symptoms included lump, swelling in pelvis, testicle or breast (46%), blood in urine or stool (44%), changes to moles (43%), lump/swelling in the chest wall or armpits (41%) and weight loss (40%). The least recognised symptoms were early/late puberty (10%), developmental delay in children aged <2 years (11%) and slow growth (13%), with 8%, 2% and 6%, respectively, perceiving no need to discuss them with a doctor.ConclusionsPublic awareness of childhood cancer risks and symptoms is substantially lower compared with adult cancer awareness in Great Britain. These findings indicate knowledge and awareness gaps among the general public, highlighting the need for a child cancer awareness campaign.
Effect of malnutrition on outcomes of hospitalisations for acute pulmonary embolism: a national inpatient database study
Authors: Li Si , Lio Ka U , Ho Truong-An , Wang Yichen , Rali Parth 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundTo evaluate the occurrence of malnutrition in pulmonary embolism (PE)-related hospitalisations and assess the impact of malnutrition on the outcomes of patients with PE.MethodsA retrospective observational study using data extracted from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2016 to 2018. Hospitalisations with a principal diagnosis of PE were obtained using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes and divided into groups based on a secondary diagnosis of malnutrition.ResultsOf 563 135 PE hospitalisations, 30 495 (5.4%) had malnutrition. PE patients with malnutrition were older (mean age±SD, 69.1±14.5 vs 62.3±16.6, p<0.001) and with higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score (3 to 5, 24.8% vs 12.9%, p<0.001). Concurrent malnutrition was associated with higher adjusted OR (aOR) of in-hospital mortality (aOR 2.43, 95% CI 2.18 to 2.70, p<0.001), acute kidney injury (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.45 to 1.67, p<0.001), sepsis (aOR 4.37, 95% CI 3.79 to 5.03, p<0.001), shock (aOR 2.52, 95% CI 2.25 to 2.81, p<0.001), acidosis (aOR 2.55, 95% CI 2.34 to 2.77, p<0.001) and mechanical ventilation (aOR 2.95, 95% CI 2.61 to 3.33, p<0.001). Patients with PE and malnutrition had an increased mean length of stay (adjusted difference 3.39 days, 95% CI 3.14 to 3.65, p<0.001), hospital charges (adjusted difference US$34 802.11, 95% CI US$31 005.01 to US$38 599.22, p<0.001) and costs (adjusted difference US$8 332.01, 95% CI US$7489.09 to US$9174.94, p<0.001).ConclusionConcurrent PE and malnutrition were associated with worse outcomes. The study highlights the importance of identifying malnutrition in patients with PE to improve outcomes and reduce healthcare utilisation.
Measurement of polarization observables $$\textbf{T}$$, $${\textbf{P}}$$, and $${\textbf{H}}$$ in $$\mathbf {\pi ^0}$$ and $$\mathbf {\eta }$$ photoproduction off quasi-free nucleons
Authors: Jermann N. , Krusche B. , Metag V. , Afzal F. , Badea M. , Beck R. , Bielefeldt P. , Bieling J. , Biroth M. , Blanke E. , Borisov N. , Bornstein M. , Brinkmann K.-T. , Ciupka S. , Crede V. , Dolzhikov A. , Drexler P. , Dutz H. , Elsner D. , Fedorov A. , Frommberger F. , Gardner S. , Ghosal D. , Goertz S. , Gorodnov I. , Grüner M. , Hammann C. , Hartmann J. , Hillert W. , Hoffmeister P. , Honisch C. , Jude T. C. , Kalischewski F. , Ketzer B. , Klassen P. , Klein F. , Klempt E. , Knaust J. , Kolanus N. , Kreit J. , Krönert P. , Lang M. , Lazarev A. B. , Livingston K. , Lutterer S. , Mahlberg P. , Meier C. , Meyer W. , Mitlasoczki B. , Müllers J. , Nanova M. , Neganov A. , Nikonov K. , Noël J. F. , Ostrick M. , Ottnad J. , Otto B. , Penman G. , Poller T. , Proft D. , Reicherz G. , Reinartz N. , Richter L. , Runkel S. , Salisbury B. , Sarantsev A. V. , Schaab D. , Schmidt C. , Schmieden H. , Schultes J. , Seifen T. , Spieker K. , Stausberg N. , Steinacher M. , Taubert F. , Thiel A. , Thoma U. , Thomas A. , Urban M. , Urff G. , Usov Y. , van Pee H. , Wang Y. C. , Wendel C. , Wiedner U. , Wunderlich Y. ,   CBELSA/TAPS Collaboration
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe target asymmetry T, recoil asymmetry P, and beam-target double polarization observable H were determined in exclusive $$\pi ^0$$

π
0

and $$\eta $$
η
photoproduction off quasi-free protons and, for the first time, off quasi-free neutrons. The experiment was performed at the electron stretcher accelerator ELSA in Bonn, Germany, with the Crystal Barrel/TAPS detector setup, using a linearly polarized photon beam and a transversely polarized deuterated butanol target. Effects from the Fermi motion of the nucleons within deuterium were removed by a full kinematic reconstruction of the final state invariant mass. A comparison of the data obtained on the proton and on the neutron provides new insight into the isospin structure of the electromagnetic excitation of the nucleon. Earlier measurements of polarization observables in the $$\gamma p \rightarrow \pi ^0 p$$

γ
p
→

π
0

p

and $$\gamma p \rightarrow \eta p$$

γ
p
→
η
p

reactions are confirmed. The data obtained on the neutron are of particular relevance for clarifying the origin of the narrow structure in the $$\eta n$$

η
n

system at $$W = 1.68\ \textrm{GeV}$$

W
=
1.68

GeV

. A comparison with recent partial wave analyses favors the interpretation of this structure as arising from interference of the $$S_{11}(1535)$$

S
11

(
1535
)

and $$S_{11}(1650)$$

S
11

(
1650
)

resonances within the $$S_{11}$$

S
11

-partial wave.