bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent as a marker to assess iron deficiency: A large pediatric tertiary care hospital study
Authors: Poventud‐Fuentes Izmarie , Chong Thomas H. , Dowlin Michael , Devaraj Sridevi , Curry Choladda V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionDetection of iron deficiency (ID) remains challenging. We aimed to evaluate the performance of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret‐He) as a potential diagnostic marker to assess ID and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in a large pediatric cohort.MethodsA total of 3158 patients (aged 15 days to 19 years with a median age of 8.5 years; 60.2% female) were retrospectively studied. Statistical analysis was performed (a) to evaluate relationship of Ret‐He with other relevant complete blood count and iron panel parameters; (b) to compare the levels of Ret‐He in ID and IDA groups to a control group; and (c) to assess sensitivity and specificity of Ret‐He in ID, IDA, and anemia without ID groups.ResultsRet‐He values were significantly positively correlated to ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT). The median Ret‐He was significantly lower in ID. A Ret‐He cutoff of ≤30.0 pg distinguished cases of ID from the control group with a sensitivity of 90.2%, specificity of 59.5%, and area under curve (AUC) of 0.88. Ret‐He showed better diagnostic performance in the IDA group and acceptable performance for ID without anemia. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 90.1%, 80.9%, and 0.93 for IDA at cutoff value of ≤27.4 pg, and 80.8%, 51.1%, and 0.70 for ID without anemia at cutoff value of ≤30.8 pg, respectively.ConclusionOur large pediatric tertiary care hospital study demonstrates that Ret‐He is a reliable marker to help confirm IDA in pediatric population. However, further studies are needed for its use to capture the early stages of ID.
Mg/Ti co‐substituted CaSmAlO4‐based microwave dielectric ceramics with temperature stability in a wide temperature range
Authors: Xu Jialing , Jing Xiangjie , Feng Hengheng , Yu Hongtao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo obtain microwave dielectric ceramics with excellent dielectric properties and temperature stability over a wide temperature range, we co‐substituted CaSmAlO4 ceramics with Mg/Ti and prepared CaSmAl1−x(Mg0.5Ti0.5)xO4 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) ceramics using traditional solid‐state methods. It was found that some Al3+ was replaced by composite ions (Mg0.5Ti0.5)3+, which optimized the dielectric properties of the ceramics. As the substitution amount increases, the dielectric constant of the sample increases synchronously, whereas the quality factor gradually decreases. The temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency first increases and then falls. Finally, the CaSmAl1−x(Mg0.5Ti0.5)xO4 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) ceramics obtained excellent dielectric properties after sintering at 1450°C for 4 h at a substitution x of 0.2: εr = 19.9, Q × f = 64 920 GHz, τf = 3.17 ppm/°C (−40 to 25°C), and 0.17 ppm/°C (25–125°C).
Syrian refugees' experiences while receiving mental health services and psychiatric nursing care: A qualitative study
Authors: Öztürk Gizem , Timarcioğlu Kübra , Dikeç Gül , Karali Ece , Nacaroğlu Hamza , Çakir Hanife , Harmanci Seren Arzu Kader 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimThis study examined the experiences of Syrian refugees in a community centre in Turkiye as they access mental health services and receive psychiatric nursing care.DesignA qualitative design was adopted in the study.MethodsData were collected from southern Turkiye between November and December 2021. The researchers conducted three semi‐structured focus group interviews. Colaizzi's phenomenological method was followed to analyse the qualitative data. A total of 19 Syrian refugees participated in the focus group interviews.ResultsThree key themes related to immigrants' experiences of receiving mental health services and nursing care were identified: barriers to receiving mental health services, coping with negative experiences in Turkiye and satisfaction with mental health services. The participants identified the barriers they experienced while receiving health services as those pertaining to language, discrimination and stigmatization. They also mentioned the methods of coping with these negative experiences in Turkiye. Despite their negative experiences, they expressed satisfaction with the mental health services they received, especially psychiatric nursing care.ConclusionsThis study determined that Syrian refugees face barriers in accessing and receiving mental health services. They stated that mental health professionals in Turkiye approach them with empathy, particularly those in psychiatric nursing. Healthcare professionals may be trained in culturally sensitive care to increase awareness.ImpactStudies have frequently examined the experiences of nurses providing care to refugees, but few have focused on evaluating nursing care from the perspective of refugees. Syrian refugees have reported various obstacles in accessing and receiving mental healthcare services. Health professionals, especially psychiatric nurses in mental health psychosocial support centres, must facilitate the processes to eliminate these obstacles.Reporting MethodThe consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) were used.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public involvement.
Gendered and racial experiences of moral distress: A scoping review
Authors: Mũrage Alice , Morgan Rosemary , Samji Hasina , Smith Julia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo inform efforts to integrate gender and race into moral distress research, the review investigates if and how gender and racial analyses have been incorporated in such research.DesignScoping review.MethodsThe PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta‐Analysis) Extension for Scoping Reviews was adopted.Data SourcesSystematic literature search was conducted through PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science databases. Boolean operators were used to identify moral distress literature which included gender and/or race data and published between 2012 and 2022.ResultsAfter screening and full‐text review, 73 articles reporting on original moral distress research were included. Analysis was conducted on how gender and race were incorporated in research and interpretation of moral distress experiences among healthcare professionals.ImpactThis study found that while there is an upward trend in including gender and race‐disaggregated data in moral distress research, over half of such research did not conduct in‐depth analysis of such data. Others only highlighted differential experiences such as moral distress levels of women vis‐à‐vis men. Only about 20% of publications interrogated how experiences of moral distress differed and/or explored factors behind their findings.ConclusionThere is a need to not only collect disaggregated data in moral distress research but also engage this data through gender and race‐based analysis. Particularly, we highlight the need for intersectional analysis, which can elucidate how social identities and categories (such as gender and race) and structural inequalities (such as those sustained by sexism and racism) interact to influence moral experiences.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareMoral distress as experienced by healthcare professionals is increasingly recognized as an important area of research with significant policy implications in the healthcare sector. This study offers insights for nuanced and targeted policy approaches.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Periodontal phenotype modification in orthodontic patients
Authors: Kadkhodazadeh Mahdi , Amid Reza , Moscowchi Anahita , Mansouri Hamid 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of phenotype modification in orthodontic patients using combined bone and soft tissue grafting substitutes.Clinical ConsiderationThe surgical procedure was conducted on 18 patients (3 males, 15 females). Periodontal phenotype modification was conducted using demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft and a xenogeneic collagen matrix. The following parameters were recorded for each tooth at baseline and 12‐month follow‐up: O'Leary plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival thickness (GT), keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival recession (GR), and vestibular depth (VD). The results showed a statistically significant increase in GT (2.02 ± 0.39 mm), KTW (1.11 ± 0.82 mm), and VD (0.18 ± 1.16 mm) (p < 0.05). GR was also significantly decreased (1.02 ± 0.99 mm) (p < 0.05).ConclusionWithin the limitation of this study, the proposed approach enhanced the periodontal condition in orthodontic patients. However, further studies with a larger sample size are needed to ensure long‐term stability.Clinical SignificanceHard and soft tissue conditions have paramount importance for long‐term periodontal stability. Phenotype modification in orthodontic patients can diminish the probability of adverse consequences and result in optimal esthetic outcomes. The proposed technique using combined bone and soft tissue substitutes indicated promising results and could be recommended in orthodontic patients with thin periodontal phenotypes.
Nonlinear Transmission of Financial Shocks: Some New Evidence
Authors: FORNI MARIO , GAMBETTI LUCA , MAFFEI‐FACCIOLI NICOLÒ , SALA LUCA 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFinancial shocks generate a protracted and quantitatively important effect on real economic activity and financial markets only if the shocks are both negative and large. Otherwise, their role is quite modest. Financial shocks have become more important for economic fluctuations after 2000 and have contributed substantially to deepening the recessions of 2001 and 2008. The evidence is obtained using a new econometric procedure based on a Vector Moving Average representation that includes a nonlinear function of the financial shock. This method is a contribution of the present work.
Prospective analysis of patient‐reported outcomes and physician‐reported outcomes with gynecologic cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Takenaga Tomo , Kuji Shiho , Tanabe Ken‐ichiro , Kanamori Ryo , Imai Haruka , Takeuchi Jun , Kondo Haruhiro , Ohara Tatsuru , Iwatani Tsuguo , Suzuki Nao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveGynecologic cancer chemotherapy impacts the quality of life (QOL) of patients, with lasting adverse events that may require treatment adjustments or discontinuation. Consequently, real‐time symptom monitoring before outpatient visits has resulted in improved QOL for patients and extended survival times. This study investigated whether there are differences between electronic patient‐reported outcomes (e‐PRO‐CTCAE) and physician‐assessed outcomes (NCI‐CTCAE) evaluated in an outpatient setting in gynecologic cancer chemotherapy.MethodsThe study was conducted on 50 patients who received their first chemotherapy treatment at St. Marianna University Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology from July 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. PRO‐CTCAE and NCI‐CTCAE were evaluated at each instance of chemotherapy and 2 weeks after. The PRO‐CTCAE was additionally collected weekly using e‐PRO.ResultsThe values for “Joint Pain,” “Nausea,” “Taste Disturbance,” “Constipation,” “Insomnia,” “Fatigue,” “Limb Edema,” and “Concentration Impairment” were consistently higher in PRO‐CTCAE than in NCI‐CTCAE, indicating that physicians underestimated the severity of adverse events. In contrast, there was no significant difference in “Peripheral Neuropathy,” demonstrating that physicians had a good understanding of this condition in patients. The weekly responses obtained from e‐PRO revealed that symptom exacerbations peaked outside of clinic visits.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated physicians tend to underestimate most adverse events. Moreover, the responses using e‐PRO revealed peak symptom deterioration occurred outside of outpatient visits. This suggested that e‐PRO and actions taken in response to them can improve patients' QOL.
Tax‐Motivated Relocations of Headquarters: The Role of Affinity Bias among Socially‐Responsible Blockholders and CEOs
Authors: Slangen Arjen H. L. , Valboni Riccardo , Eerola Aleksi , Lindner Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile socially‐responsible large shareholders have been shown to have a substantial impact on corporate leaders’ decisions on social responsibility, prior research remains silent on whether that impact is subject to bias among these two sets of actors. To shed light on this issue, we study the role of socially‐responsible blockholders as well as CEOs in the occurrence of tax‐motivated international relocations of corporate headquarters (HQs) – a key form of shareholder‐oriented behaviour. Drawing on stewardship theory and corporate governance research, we first hypothesize that responsible blockholders’ total equity stake in a firm is negatively related to a firm's propensity to undertake a tax‐motivated HQ relocation. Using complementary insights from social identity theory, we then propose that both socially‐responsible blockholders and CEOs tend to identify more strongly with compatriots than with foreigners. This leads us to hypothesize that (a) the stake of responsible domestic blockholders is more negatively related to a firm's relocation propensity than the stake of responsible foreign blockholders, and that (b) the stake of responsible blockholders that are compatriots of their firm's CEO is more negatively related to that propensity than the stake of responsible blockholders with a different nationality than the CEO's. Logit analyses of a sample of US firms covering the period 1998–2017 lend substantial support to our hypotheses, indicating that affinity bias among socially‐responsible blockholders and CEOs shapes the occurrence of a key form of shareholder‐oriented behaviour.
Minimalism's continued creep: Subject matter
Authors: Gert Joshua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe problem of creeping minimalism is the problem of drawing a principled distinction between expressivists and non‐expressivists.Explanationismis a popular strategy for solving the problem, but two of its forms—ontological explanationism and representational explanationism—have fatal problems. Christine Tiefensee and Matthew Simpson have recently, and independently, endorsed a third form: subject matter explanationism. But this form also fails. At bottom, the problem is that it does not note the existence of non‐reductive expressivist views, just as earlier forms of explanationism did not note the existence of error theories, or non‐naturalist realists, or realists who wanted to endorse deflationary views of truth and representation. The failure of this latest version of explanationism—one that does indeed avoid problems with earlier versions—strengthens the case that we may not actually want a solution to the problem of creeping minimalism after all. Rather, a form of global expressivism—neopragmatism—might be regarded as yielding a version of non‐naturalist normative realism.
Coordination of hydraulic and leaf‐level gas exchange traits during water‐deficit acclimation in apple rootstocks
Authors: Han Xiaoyu , Wang Jinfeng , Zhang Linsen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWater deficit episodes impact apple (Malus domestica) productivity through challenging the trees' water status, the influence of extreme high temperature climate has become increasingly prominent in recent years. Rootstocks can bestow specific properties on the fruit trees such as the resistance to drought stress. However, the related hydraulic mechanisms in response to water deficit have not been fully understood. Herein, five rootstocks (SH6, GM256, M9, M26, and MM106) were examined under water limitation. The hydraulic conductance of root (Kroot), shoots (Kshoot), and stems (Kstem‐shoot) in the five rootstocks reduced slightly during drought stress. Whereas the leaf water potential and photosynthesis of five rootstocks decreased dramatically when they were exposed to drought stress. Additionally, the Kshoot and Kstem‐shoot were strongly correlated with the total plant leaf area. Aquaporins (AQPs) involved in the symplastic water transport pathway, the PIP2:1, TIP1:1, and TIP2:2 mRNA levels of all genotypic rootstocks showed significant regulation under drought stress. We examined the relationships among photosynthesis, apoplastic, and symplastic water movement pathways to achieve a comprehensive understanding of rootstocks' hydraulic strategy for improving drought adaptation. The PIP2:1 and TIP2:1 in leaves were more sensitive to root hydraulic conductance in response to drought stress. Furthermore, the coordinated relationship existed in leaf‐specific conductance of shoot (Kl‐shoot) and transpiration rate (Tr) under drought stress in the rootstocks. Overall, the drought resistance in the five dwarfing rootstocks is associated with the rapid re‐establishment of water‐related traits, and the effect of the canopy on the drought resistance in apple rootstocks merits much more attention.
Regeneration of cytosolic thiol peroxidases
Authors: Vogelsang Lara , Dietz Karl‐Josef 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThree soluble type two peroxiredoxins (PRXIIB, C, D) and two glutathione peroxidase‐like enzymes (GPXL2, 8) reside in the cytosol of Arabidopsis thaliana cells and function both as thiol‐dependent antioxidants and redox sensors. Their primary substrate is H2O2, but they also accept other peroxides with a distinct preference between PRXII and GPXL. Less known is their regeneration specificity in the light of the large set of thiol reductases, namely eight annotated thioredoxin h isoforms (TRXh1‐5, 7–9), a few TRX‐like proteins, including CxxS1 (formerly TRXh6) and several glutaredoxins (GRX) associated with the cytosol. This study addressed this open question by in vitro enzyme tests using recombinant protein. GPXL2 and 8 exclusively accepted electrons from the TRX system, namely TRXh1‐5 and TDX, while PRXIIB/C/D were efficiently regenerated with GRXC1 and C2 but not the TRX‐like protein Picot1. They showed significant but low activity (<3% of GRXC2) with TRXh1‐5 and TDX. A similar reduction efficiency with TRX was seen in the insulin assay, only TDX was less active. Finally, the reduction of oxidized cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 1, as measured by regained activity, showed an extremely broad ability to accept electrons from different TRXs and GRXs. The results demonstrate redundancy and specificity in the redox regulatory network of the cytosol.
Advocacy strategies in state preemption: The case of energy fuel bans
Authors: Struthers Cory L. , Ritzler Cary 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInterest group literature suggests reformer advocacy groups, seeking policy change and innovation, are more likely to secure policy victory in local government. Entrenched advocacy groups, favoring current policies, are better suited to win policy battles at the state level. Consequently, entrenched groups have pushed state legislatures to limit local governments' decision authorities through preemption across a wide range of public‐interest issues including tobacco use, gun control, marriage rights, and climate change. Yet few studies have considered how competing advocacy groups strategically frame their agenda in preemption debates. We draw on the “scope of conflict” literature to show that opposing camps vary in their issue definition, relational strategies, and institutional frames. For example, while entrenched advocates focus on the main issue under debate, reformer advocates link multiple issues together. Our study case is preemption legislation that prohibits local governments from banning energy fuels like natural gas in new buildings. We use computational text analysis and descriptive inference to analyze state committee testimony of 117 advocacy groups. Results raise important questions about the effectiveness of conflict expansion strategies in venues like committee systems and provide considerations for reformer advocates in their efforts to secure state support and build clean energy campaigns.
Looking up music in two ‘encyclopedias’ printed in 1501
Authors: Shephard Tim , Hancock Charlotte 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA modern user of a printed encyclopedia expects to find concise entries on a wide range of subjects organised alphabetically for ease of reference. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries a number of scholarly texts of a particularly long and wide‐ranging character were essentially ‘encyclopedized’ through the provision of compendious subject indexes, appearing before the start of the text in some printed editions, to facilitate reference use. Two such texts that enjoyed a particular spike in Italian printed editions in the decades either side of 1501 were Niccolo Perotti's Cornucopiae, and the Aristotelian (or rather pseudo‐Aristotelian) Problemata, which was sometimes packaged together with Problemata by Alexander of Aphrodisias and Plutarch. Working with 1501 ‘encyclopedized’ editions of both texts, this essay asks a simple question: what would a reader learn by looking up music‐related terms in the indexes?
Microborings reveal alternating agitation, resting and sleeping stages of modern marine ooids
Authors: Mono Phyllis , Hoffmann René , Wisshak Max , Lokier Stephen W. , Pederson Chelsea L. , Hennhoefer Dominik , Diaz Mara R. , Swart Peter K. , Nehrke Gernot , Immenhauser Adrian 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTOoids are abundant carbonate grains throughout much of Earth's history, but their formation is not well understood. Here, an in‐depth study of microbial bioerosion features of Holocene ooids from the Schooner Cays ooid shoals (Great Bahama Bank, Eleuthera, Bahamas) and the Shalil al Ud ooid shoals in the Arabian/Persian Gulf (Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates) is presented. No obvious differences were found in ooid size distribution, cortex layer thickness, the composition of nuclei or euendolithic community when comparing ooids from both locations. Microendolithic borings are present in most studied ooid surfaces, but the intensity of (micro‐)bioerosion varies significantly. Applying an epoxy vacuum cast‐embedding technique allowed the identification of ichnotaxa and their inferred producers (various genera of diatoms, cyanobacteria, coccolithophores and unspecified bacteria). Euendolithic taxa have specific low‐light tolerances and light optima. This implies that information about the relative bathymetry (seafloor versus burial within an ooid shoal) and ecology for ooid cortex formation can be obtained via the presence or absence of their respective ichnotaxa. The history of a statistically significant number of ooid cortices can be translated into dune dynamics and the temporal variations thereof by allocating the inferred index producer to a defined burial or light penetration zone. In this context, ooid formation can be divided into four stages: (i) an agitation stage in the water column, characterized by the colonization of grains by photoautotrophs; (ii) a resting stage, characterized by temporary burial of the ooid, leading to immobilization and a shift towards heterotrophs; (iii) a sleeping stage, characterized by prolonged burial and colonization by organotrophs; and (iv) a reactivation stage, characterized by a resurfacing of the ooid and a subsequent shift towards photoautotrophs. The sleeping stage is presumably a stage of ooid degradation where bioerosion, mainly by heterotrophic fungi and bacteria is particularly active.