bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding how social norms influence access to and utilization of adolescent sexual and reproductive health services in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Taiwo Modupe Oladunni , Oyekenu Oluwatoyin , Hussaini Rahinatu 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThis study explored the influence of social norms on the access and utilization of sexual and reproductive health services by adolescents. Apart from individual and environmental barriers, social norms influence contraceptive decisions and ultimately sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Social norms that shape group behavior describe acceptable standards of behavior and evoke sanctions when such behavior standards are not adhered to. Sexually active adolescents in Nigeria have a relatively low level of modern contraceptive use being influenced by social norms. Scaling up adolescent reproductive health interventions that integrate normative change for a wider impact of programs remains challenging.MethodsUsing data from 18 communities, 188 married and unmarried adolescents (F52% and M48%) and 69 (F37%; M63%) reference group participants were purposively sampled and participated in a social norms exploration intervention study conducted through focus group discussion and in-depth interviews between October and November 2019. The Advancing Learning and Innovation on Gender Norms (ALIGN) Social Norms Exploration Tool (SNET) was adapted for the data collection into discussion guides and vignettes. Pilot testing of the tools informed review and validation prior to actual data collection.FindingsLow contraceptive uptake by adolescents was characterized by early and forced marriage in childhood; a prominent practice enshrined in social norms around girl-childchastity, family honor, and disapproval of pre-marital sex and pregnancy out of wedlock.ConclusionThe understanding of harmful social norms, normative change actors, and potential norm-shifting factors for contraceptive decisions by adolescents is essential for effective adolescent sexual and reproductive health interventions for wider impact and adaptive programming in behavior change interventions for improving the access to and utilization of modern contraceptives by adolescents for improved sexual health outcomes, the attainment of the Family Planning (FP) 2030 commitment and universal health coverage policy.
The Sufficiency of Solutions for Non-smooth Minimax Fractional Semi-Infinite Programming with (BK,ρ)−Invexity
Authors: Yang Hong , Cui Angang 
Published: October 2023

Minimax fractional semi-infinite programming is an important research direction for semi-infinite programming, and has a wide range of applications, such as military allocation problems, economic theory, cooperative games, and other fields. Convexity theory plays a key role in many aspects of mathematical programming and is the foundation of mathematical programming research. The relevant theories of semi-infinite programming based on different types of convex functions have their own applicable scope and limitations. It is of great value to study semi-infinite programming on the basis of more generalized convex functions and obtain more general results. In this paper, we defined a new type of generalized convex function, based on the concept of the K−directional derivative, that is, uniform (BK,ρ)−invex, strictly uniform (BK,ρ)−invex, uniform (BK,ρ)−pseudoinvex, strictly uniform (BK,ρ)−pseudoinvex, uniform (BK,ρ)−quasiinvex and weakly uniform (BK,ρ)−quasiinvex function. Then, we studied a class of non-smooth minimax fractional semi-infinite programming problems involving this generalized convexity and obtained sufficient optimality conditions.
Identifying prior signals of bipolar disorder using primary care electronic health records: a nested case–control study
Authors: Morgan Catharine , Ashcroft Darren M , Chew-Graham Carolyn A , Sperrin Matthew , Webb Roger T , Francis Anya , Scott Jan , Yung Alison R 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundBipolar disorders are serious mental illnesses, yet evidence suggests that the diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder can be delayed by around 6 years.AimTo identify signals of undiagnosed bipolar disorder using routinely collected electronic health records.Design and settingA nested case–control study conducted using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD dataset, an anonymised electronic primary care patient database linked with hospital records. ‘Cases’ were adult patients with incident bipolar disorder diagnoses between 1 January 2010 and 31 July 2017.MethodThe patients with bipolar disorder (the bipolar disorder group) were matched by age, sex, and registered general practice to 20 ‘controls’ without recorded bipolar disorder (the control group). Annual episode incidence rates were estimated and odds ratios from conditional logistic regression models were reported for recorded health events before the index (diagnosis) date.ResultsThere were 2366 patients with incident bipolar disorder diagnoses and 47 138 matched control patients (median age 40 years and 60.4% female:n= 1430/2366 with bipolar disorder andn= 28 471/47 138 without). Compared with the control group, the bipolar disorder group had a higher incidence of diagnosed depressive, psychotic, anxiety, and personality disorders and escalating self-harm up to 10 years before a bipolar disorder diagnosis. Sleep disturbance, substance misuse, and mood swings were more frequent among the bipolar disorder group than the control group. The bipolar disorder group had more frequent face-to-face consultations, and were more likely to miss multiple scheduled appointments and to be prescribed ≥3 different psychotropic medication classes in a given year.ConclusionPsychiatric diagnoses, psychotropic prescriptions, and health service use patterns might be signals of unreported bipolar disorder. Recognising these signals could prompt further investigation for undiagnosed significant psychopathology, leading to timely referral, assessment, and initiation of appropriate treatments.
GEBELİKTE KİLO YÖNETİMİ İÇİN AKILLI TELEFON KISA MESAJ GİRİŞİMLERİNİN KULLANIMI: DERLEME
Authors: YILDIZ Gizem , DAŞIKAN Zeynep 
Published: October 2023

Bu derlemenin amacı, akıllı telefon aracılığıyla gönderilen sağlıklı beslenme ve fiziksel aktivite yaşam tarzı kısa mesaj girişimlerinin gebelikte kilo yönetiminde kullanımını literatür doğrultusunda incelemektir.
Obez kadınların %60’ı, aşırı kilolu kadınların %68’i ve gebelerin %50’si uygun kilo alım aralığını aşmaktadır. Gebelerin akıllı telefona sahip olduğu ve interneti aktif kullandığı bilinmektedir. Aşırı gestasyonel kilo alımına yönelik akıllı telefon üzerinden yapılan internet temelli kısa mesaj girişimlerinin gebelerde kilo alımını azalttığı çalışmalar vardır. Fakat kilo alımına etki etmediği çalışma sonuçları da literatürde mevcuttur. Konuyla ilgili girişimler planlanırken mesaj gönderim sıklığının oldukça önemli olduğu, telefon görüşmelerinin de dahil edilmesi gerektiği, çift yönlü iletişim kurabilen uygulamaların gebelerde daha etkili olacağı düşünülmektedir. Aşırı gestasyonel kilo alımını önlemeye yönelik akıllı telefon kısa mesaj girişimlerinin yapıldığı çalışmalar yetersizdir. Hemşirelerin bu konuda aktif rol alması, konuyla ilgili daha fazla çalışma yapılması ve telefon görüşmeleriyle de gebelerin desteklenmesi önerilmektedir.
القبائل المحلية تحت سلطة الخيمة العثمانية وصناعة التخلف
Authors: Kharous.mustafa Kharous.mustafa 
Published: October 2023

رغم ما يشكّله النظام القبلي في الجزائر من رصيد تاريخي وموروث اجتماعي أصيل إلا أنّه ساهم في عرقلة مسيرة التحضّر والتمدين في فترات تاريخية حاسمة من الجزائر كان بالإمكان استيعابه وادماجه ضمن تيارات التغيير الوافدة للحصول على أكبر قوة ومنعة لصالح البلد والمجتمع إلا أنّ ردات الفعل كانت قوية ضد أي محاولة للتغيير .لكن مع العهد العثماني كانت سياسة الأمر الواقع غالبة على مدار ثلاث قرون كاملة التقت سياسات الأتراك المانعة لأي وحدة داخل القبيلة مع أهداف وغايات شيوخها وزعمائها الساعيين للحفاظ على امتيازاتهم ومصالحهم الريعية بعيدا عن المصلحة العامة في وقت كانت أوروبا تمر بمرحلة انصهار خرجت منه كتلة جديدة فرضت منطقها وقوتها على غيرها من البلدان والمجتمعات القابعة في بؤرة التخلف.
يهدف بحثنا لإبراز طبيعة النظام العثماني في الجزائر، سياسته تجاه القبائل ، وسياسة التخلف التي ثرت على مستقبل الجزائر وفق منهج تاريخي تحليلي
The Civic Technopreneurship in Creating A Student Self-Reliance Character
Authors: Hendri Hendri , Utaminingsih Sri , Anwar Saiful 
Published: October 2023

In the 20s, everything was still conventionally based, and the competition was not much and stiff. But in the 21st century, it is more massive and productive. As a form of development, planting awareness has the character of independence. Of course, it needs new breakthroughs that are in line with the times, namely learning based on Etnopreneur Technology (Technopreneurship). This study aims to describe and analyze the creative results of senior high school in Bandung City students, as a vehicle for the formation of students' independent character, which is carried out through a technopreneurship learning approach. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by observational studies, documentation, and interviews. While the respondents are those who have relevance and expertise in these activities. The results obtained in the study were that students were able to create applications as a breakthrough as an effort to build student character with learning innovations that utilized technology. This breakthrough is an optimization of the character of independence in dealing with life's challenges during a pandemic and the provision of knowledge after graduation in order to develop one's own business with the provision of knowledge of innovative technology. The implication is that students are able to think creatively and innovatively, take responsibility. The impact of student responsibility is an effort to create applications that utilize digital technology as a means of building entrepreneurship as a form of student independence in building businesses.
Exploring Communicative Language Teaching to Investigate English Communication Willingness in EFL Learners’ Classroom
Authors: Williyan Aldha , Apriani Eka , Sirniawati Sirniawati , Rosalina Utami 
Published: October 2023

Being Willing to Communicate (WTC) in English is significant since communicating in another language is considered to be a crucial part of learning a foreign language. Without it, the students only learn English in a passive way. This study, therefore, aims to explore the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) to investigate the Willingness to Communicate (WTC) in English of EFL learners. This research uses mixed methods, especially Embedded Design, to explore CLT and investigate WTC in English of EFL learners. Qualitative analysis begins this research through observation and interviews. The results of both are then strengthened by the results of quantitative analysis through the questionnaire. It was found that there were various communicative activities implemented by the teacher. Those are effectively conducted by the teacher to promote communicative language teaching in the classroom. Another finding is that there are six WTC patterns, and the pattern of voluntary participation in class activities has the highest percentage of occurrences. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research is that the willingness to communicate (WTC) in English for EFL learners is regarded as high or very willing.
Can Computer Virtual Influencers Replace Human Influencers in the Future? An Empirical Investigation in the Age of Digital Transformation
Authors: Al Masri Yazeed , Hamadneh Samer , Al-Dmour Rand , Al-Okaily Manaf 
Published: October 2023

Marketers often face challenges when pursuing and working with social-media influencers. However, these challenges can be bypassed when choosing virtual influencers. This paper investigates computer-generated virtual influencers’ impact on a new fashion brand associations and buying intentions. Drawing on virtual humans’ literature and human influencer marketing literature, this study utilizes a fictional fashion brand and manipulates this brand using a popular Instagram virtual influencer.
To understand the effect of virtual influencers’ characteristics on brand associations and buying intentions, 225 survey forms were distributed using a random-sampling method. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the virtual influencer attributes’ effects on brand attitudes and buying intentions. The study concluded that replacing human influencers in the fashion context, especially for new brands to establish a proper brand positioning, is integral to success. The study contributes to influencers’ marketing literature by integrating the virtual influencer concept into a celebrity endorsement discourse. Furthermore, the study offers a blueprint for marketing managers who are keen to understand virtual influencers’ attributes required to have an effective endorsement.
Single-scan polarization-resolved saturated absorption spectra using hybridly polarized beam in 85Rb atomic vapor
Authors: Jiang Binru , Yuan Jiaqi , Cheng Xuemei , Wang Xing , Ren Zhaoyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We report on a single-scan polarization-resolved saturated absorption spectra (SAS) method utilizing a hybridly polarized beam as the probe. Owning to the spatial-variant polarization of a hybridly polarized probe, the polarization-resolved information can be retrieved from the single signal image. Then, the polarization dependence of SAS from two transitions are investigated. Strong polarization dependence is observed from the “closed two-level transition” as |5S
1/2, F = 3> → |5P
3/2, F′ = 4> of 85Rb. By contrast, no polarization dependence is observed from “open two-level transition” as |5S
1/2, F = 3> → |5P
3/2, F′ = 3>. The method would be meaningful for the samples with poor stability or the ultrafast processes.
AdaptEdge: Targeted Universal Adversarial Attacks on Time Series Data in Smart Grids
Authors: Khan Sultan Uddin , Mynuddin Mohammed , Nabil Mahmoud 
Published: October 2023

<p> Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a key technique in smart grid operations for task classification of power quality disturbances (PQDs). Even though these models have considerably improved the efficiency of power infrastructure, their susceptibility to adversarial attacks presents potential difficulties. For the first time, we introduce a novel algorithm called Adaptive Edge (AdaptEdge), which effectively employs targeted universal adversarial attacks to deceive DL models working with time series data. The unique contribution of this algorithm is its ability to maintain a delicate balance between the fooling rate and the imperceptibility of perturbations to human observers. Our results demonstrate a fooling rate of up to 90.78% in the ResNet50 model—the highest achieved thus far—while maintaining an optimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 3dB and ensuring signal integrity. We implemented our algorithm across various advanced DL models and found considerable efficacy, demonstrating its adaptability and versatility across diverse architectures. The results of our study highlight the pressing need for developing more robust DL model implementations in the context of the smart grid. Additionally, our proposed approach demonstrates its effectiveness in addressing this need. </p>
Cross-Tier Resource Allocation in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks for Internet of Remote Things
Authors: Khodadadi Zahra , Tabataba Foroogh Sadat , Fazel Mohammad Sadegh , Naderi Soorki Mehdi , Yanikomeroglu Halim 
Published: October 2023

<p>We Present a new architecture of the 3D SAG wireless access networks for uplink communication between IoRT and LEO satellite, utilizing several multi-antenna UAV relays. The most important structural features of this network are as follows:</p>
<p>1) Due to the prominence of multi-antenna systems technology as a promising solution to achieve advanced telecommunication systems, multi-antenna UAV relays are considered in our system model. These relays have the capability to communicate with each other using singular value decomposition (SVD) beamforming technique.</p>
<p>2) To control the number of remote connections, only selected UAVs act as gateways to connect to the satellite.</p>
<p>3) The proposed architecture incorporates FSO space communication links to address limitations of the RF spectrum resource and achieve higher data rates for air-space links.</p>
<p>We formulate a new joint optimization problem of gateway selection, channel allocation, UAV deployment, and UAV power allocation for multi-tier communication in order to minimize the weighted sum of the number of gateways and the total UAV power consumption. Our proposed solution includes a two-step approach using constrained k-means clustering for channel allocation between IoRT devices and UAVs, and UAV location, and an algorithm inspired by simulated annealing (SA) for gateway selection, channel allocation between UAVs and gateways, and UAV transmit power optimization. The UAV power optimization is solved using the successive convex approximation (SCA) method.</p>
<p>Various simulations are performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed system model and the proposed optimization schemes. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme in achieving optimal clustering, UAV deployment, and gateway selection. The required number of gateways for different scenarios is also determined. Notably, by implementing the SA algorithm to jointly optimize UAV transmit power, gateway selection, and UAV to gateway channel allocation, our proposed scheme achieves an average performance improvement of 48% compared to the case where only clustering is performed. The results also highlight the impact of the number of UAVs and the number of their antennas on the system performance. </p>
Integration of Fiber Tracts in Anatomically Accurate Brain Models during Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Authors: Lewis Connor , Harris Connor , Mittal Neil , Peterson Carrie , Hadimani Ravi 
Published: October 2023

<p>Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique used in the treatment of several neurological conditions. The dosage parameter for TMS protocols is the resting motor threshold (RMT) which has been shown to vary between participants with limited understanding. The goal of this study was to investigate how white matter-derived fiber tracts integrated into finite element analysis simulations influence TMS response in the form of RMT. Ten healthy participants were included in this study who underwent TMS, diffusion tensor imaging, and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomically accurate head models were created and fiber tracts were extracted from Diffusion tensor imaging and integrated into these head models before finite element analysis simulations were performed to model the effects of empirical TMS. Linear mixed effects models were used to evaluate how the induced electric field strength on the fiber tracts (EFSTract) influenced RMT. We found the induced electric field strength along fiber tracts did influence RMT, however the effect of this relationship on RMT is not clinically relevant due to its small magnitude. This suggests finite element analysis of the fiber tracts is not meaningful when tracts are considered a homogenous material and thus lacking physiology. However, tractography provides a valuable framework within which to organize physiological models of signal transmission, and it is likely a combination of this approach with more physiologically detailed modeling would provide more accurate RMT prediction. </p>
Violencia de género en los trayectos cotidianos en transporte urbano en el Área Metropolitana de Monterrey
Authors: Soto Canales Karina 
Published: October 2023

Las investigaciones cualitativas generadas en torno a la movilidad cotidiana y los usuarios del transporte urbano, son escasas; el presente documento pretende señalar, desde lo individual, el amplio espectro conductual (exclusión, dominación, control) con respecto de la violencia de género en los trayectos cotidianos de las usuarias del transporte público del Área Metropolitana de Monterrey (AMM[1]). La metodología utilizada define algunas características que tipifican este campo socioespacial a través de entrevistas a profundidad e historias de vida de mujeres, con las cuales se recuperan percepciones tangibles e intangibles de las usuarias, lo que permite que mediante el análisis de contenido (clasificación y análisis de las experiencias), establecer tres categorías predominantes sobre el fenómeno de estudio: horarios (predictibilidad), percepción y vestimenta. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre las prácticas de dominación, control y subordinación en la ciudad (calle, parabús y el camión) como obstáculo para la utilización y ocupación justa del espacio urbano, como derecho a la ciudad; los hallazgos a su vez, sugieren nuevas posibilidades para el abordaje del tema, así como la redelimitación del universo de estudio en función a otras caracterizaciones (etarias, actividades económicas, solo por mencionar algunos).

[1] El AMM la conforman junto a Monterrey, los municipios de: Apodaca, Escobedo, García, Guadalupe, Juárez, San Nicolás de los Garza, San Pedro Garza García y Santa Catarina.
The Jena Audiovisual Stimuli of Morphed Emotional Pseudospeech (JAVMEPS): A database for emotional auditory-only, visual-only, and congruent and incongruent audiovisual voice and dynamic face stimuli with varying voice intensities
Authors: von Eiff Celina I. , Kauk Julian , Schweinberger Stefan R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe describe JAVMEPS, an audiovisual (AV) database for emotional voice and dynamic face stimuli, with voices varying in emotional intensity. JAVMEPS includes 2256 stimulus files comprising (A) recordings of 12 speakers, speaking four bisyllabic pseudowords with six naturalistic induced basic emotions plus neutral, in auditory-only, visual-only, and congruent AV conditions. It furthermore comprises (B) caricatures (140%), original voices (100%), and anti-caricatures (60%) for happy, fearful, angry, sad, disgusted, and surprised voices for eight speakers and two pseudowords. Crucially, JAVMEPS contains (C) precisely time-synchronized congruent and incongruent AV (and corresponding auditory-only) stimuli with two emotions (anger, surprise), (C1) with original intensity (ten speakers, four pseudowords), (C2) and with graded AV congruence (implemented via five voice morph levels, from caricatures to anti-caricatures; eight speakers, two pseudowords). We collected classification data for Stimulus Set A from 22 normal-hearing listeners and four cochlear implant users, for two pseudowords, in auditory-only, visual-only, and AV conditions. Normal-hearing individuals showed good classification performance (McorrAV = .59 to .92), with classification rates in the auditory-only condition ≥ .38 correct (surprise: .67, anger: .51). Despite compromised vocal emotion perception, CI users performed above chance levels of .14 for auditory-only stimuli, with best rates for surprise (.31) and anger (.30). We anticipate JAVMEPS to become a useful open resource for researchers into auditory emotion perception, especially when adaptive testing or calibration of task difficulty is desirable. With its time-synchronized congruent and incongruent stimuli, JAVMEPS can also contribute to filling a gap in research regarding dynamic audiovisual integration of emotion perception via behavioral or neurophysiological recordings.