Kesiapan Teknisi Awak Pesawat Udara Menghadapi Pajanan Bahan Toksik di Bandar Udara
Authors: Subiakto Yuli 
Published: January 2025

Transportasi udara merupakan sarana transportasi secara cepat ke daerah yang jauh. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi tahun 2020 sampai dengan pertengahan tahun 2022 terjadi penurunan jumlah penumpang dan barang, tetapi pasca pandemi Covid-19 tahun 2022 s.d 2023 terjadi peningkatnya jumlah penumpang dan barang domestik dan penerbangan internasional. Bandar udara sebagai area penyiapan pesawat udara dan pergerakan sarana transportasi pendukung terjadi polusi udara akibat pembakaran mesin pesawat dan transportasi pendukung. Semakin banyaknya jumlah penerbangan di bandar udara berdampak terhadap peningkatan polutan berupa sisa pembakaran, sisa pelumas, sisa pembakaran bahan bakar berupa Karbon monoksida (CO), Hidrogen sianida (HCN), Natrium dioksida (NO2), Sulfur dioksida (SO2), dan bahan lain. Kondisi tersebut berdampak terhadap kesehatan personel penerbangan khususnya teknisi awak pesawat. Efek tersebut dapat mengganggu kinerja dan kesehatan teknisi awak pesawat mulai dari gangguan pernafasan, gangguan mata, gangguan kulit, gangguan darah, gangguan saraf, gangguan sistem imun, kanker dll. Teknisi awak pesawat diharapkan memiliki derajat kesehatan yang tinggi agar tidak mempengaruhi kinerja dan memiliki kesiapan yang tinggi dalam menyiapkan pesawat udara. Sehingga teknisi pesawat udara harus memiliki derajat kesehatan yang tinggi terbebas dari paparan bahan bakar, sisa bahan bakar, dan bahan pelumas pada saat mempersiapkan pesawat di bandar udara. Langkah yang disiapkan untuk mencegah paparan bahan toksik di bandar udara tersebut dilakukan langkah promotive, preventif, kuratif dan rehabilitative.
Air transportation is a means of transportation that is capable of moving people and goods quickly to distant areas. During the Covid-19 pandemic which occurred in 2020 to mid-2022, there was a decrease in the number of passengers and goods, but after the Covid-19 pandemic in 2022 to 2023, there was an increase in the number of domestic passengers and international flights. Airports as an area for preparing aircraft and the movement of supporting transportation means cause air pollution due to the combustion of aircraft engines and supporting transportation. The increasing number of flights at airports has an impact on increasing pollutants in the form of combustion residue, lubricant residue, fuel combustion residue in the form of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), sodium dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and other materials. This condition has an impact on the health of flight personnel, especially flight crew technicians. These effects can interfere with the performance and health of flight crew technicians, ranging from respiratory problems, eye problems, skin disorders, blood disorders, nervous disorders, immune system disorders, cancer, etc. Flight crew technicians are expected to have a high level of health so as not to affect performance and have high readiness in preparing the aircraft. Aircraft technicians must have a high level of health free from exposure to fuel, residual fuel and lubricants when preparing the aircraft at the airport. The steps taken to prevent exposure to toxic materials at airports include promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative.