bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-border child abduction from the UK: comparative analysis of Polish and Lithuanian court cases
Authors: Limante Agne , Wysocka-Bar Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of court cases related to parental child abduction addressed by Polish and Lithuanian courts, with a particular focus on those involving the UK. It aims to shed light on the legal complexities and challenges inherent in resolving such cases, particularly in relation to the interpretation and application of the 1980 Hague Convention on International Child Abduction in national legal systems. For this purpose, the article analyses court judgements rendered by Polish and Lithuanian courts over a 5-year period, from 2019 to 2023. By doing so, it seeks to uncover recurring patterns and trends in judicial decision-making processes and highlight any noticeable discrepancies and inconsistencies in legal proceedings. The article not only contributes to the academic discourse in this field but also offers practical insights for legal professionals dealing with cross-border child abduction cases.
Session 3: Beginning to Tackle Avoidance of Trauma Cues, Mindfulness (Part II)
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter explains how clients can utilize mindfulness to tackle their avoidance of trauma cues. Developing mindfulness skills can also help clients get more out of the Group CBT program, as they will be better able to absorb the material and use the new knowledge to their benefit. The chapter explains how exposure represents a powerful tool to reduce distress from trauma-related cues and outlines the best ways for clients to learn about their cues. Clients will be working with exposure at their own pace. The chapter outlines the rules for exposure, which include factors for gauging distress and the importance of repetition of exposure.
Mental Health Nursing Skills
Authors: Callaghan Patrick , Dickinson Tommy , Felton Anne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The second edition of Mental Health Nursing Skills is an evidence-based, user-friendly, practical textbook designed so students and newly qualified nurses can develop and apply the skills required for compassion-focused, inclusive, effective, evidence-based, contemporary mental health nursing practice. The book balances theory and practice with clear sections on evidence, step-by-step guidance, and practical examples of essential skills, clearly showing the student and newly qualified nurse what to do and why. Written by world-leading mental health nursing academics, clinicians, researchers, and people with lived experience of mental health care, the book reflects the art, science, and craft of mental health nursing. The authors have expanded the content to add new topics and updated existing chapters to reflect current practice, policy, and essential professional competencies. Thus, students and newly qualified nurses can be assured that their practice is rigorous. Like the first edition, the new edition of Mental Health Nursing Skills is accompanied by free online resources that provide students and lecturers with interactive resources to develop and practice the skills discussed in the text.
Building your psychotherapy skills
Authors: Rinaldi Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dreams are an opportunity to build an increasingly complex understanding of training patients. They can be understood as interpretations in themselves, encoded messages, a picture of the inner world, and a transference communication. In this chapter, these ways of understanding dreams are explained and a hierarchical, step-wise process for working with dreams is suggested, particularly focusing on affect. Some suggestions are made for promoting dream activity and how patients might work with their dreams between sessions.
Addressing discretization-induced bias in demographic prediction
Authors: Dong Evan , Schein Aaron , Wang Yixin , Garg Nikhil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Racial and other demographic imputation is necessary for many applications, especially in auditing disparities and outreach targeting in political campaigns. The canonical approach is to construct continuous predictions—e.g. based on name and geography—and then to often discretize the predictions by selecting the most likely class (argmax), potentially with a minimum threshold (thresholding). We study how this practice produces discretization bias. For example, we show that argmax labeling, as used by a prominent commercial voter file vendor to impute race/ethnicity, results in a substantial under-count of Black voters, e.g. by 28.2% points in North Carolina. This bias can have substantial implications in downstream tasks that use such labels. We then introduce a joint optimization approach—and a tractable data-driven threshold heuristic—that can eliminate this bias, with negligible individual-level accuracy loss. Finally, we theoretically analyze discretization bias, show that calibrated continuous models are insufficient to eliminate it, and that an approach such as ours is necessary. Broadly, we warn researchers and practitioners against discretizing continuous demographic predictions without considering downstream consequences.
High-impact Chronic Pain in a Cohort of Urologic Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Patients
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Bergmans Rachel , Minc Alexa , Krieger John , Harris Richard E. , Lai Henry H. , Clemens J. Quentin , Harte Steven E. , Kaplan Chelsea , Williams David A. , Naliboff Bruce , Gallop Robert , Till Sara , Schrepf Andrew 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
An emerging concept in the chronic pain literature, high-impact chronic pain (HICP), refers to pain that occurs very frequently and results in major disruption of daily life. Previous epidemiologic investigations have noted that lower educational attainment, age, and race appear to be associated with the frequency of HICP, but condition-specific investigations of HICP have been less common.

Methods:
Here we investigate HICP status and its clinical/demographic correlates in the Multidisciplinary Approach to the study of chronic Pelvic Pain research network Symptom Pattern Study.

Results:
Participants were 476 urologic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) patients, 64% of whom were female. Of these, 22% were classified as having HICP, based on responses to the several questions about pain interference in daily life. We confirmed that African-American individuals and those with lower educational attainment were more likely to experience HICP (both P<0.05). Additionally, those with HICP demonstrated much greater levels of disability, genitourinary pain, urinary symptoms, widespread pain, pelvic floor tenderness, and were more likely experience pain in response to consuming standardized amounts of water (all P<0.05). Binary logistics regression showed that genitourinary pain, widespread pain, and race were the strongest prediction of pain in multivariate models. Furthermore, HICP status was associated with more self-reported healthcare utilization over the subsequent 18 months (P<0.05).

Discussion:
These findings suggest that HICP affects more than 1 out of 5 UCPPS patients, with significant associated morbidity. Demographic and clinical characteristics associated with HICP may be useful for identifying at-risk UCPPS patients.
The Correlation Between Gender, Age, Curvature, and Symptom-related Changes in C6 and C7 Slope in 10,000 Subjects
Authors: Sha Zongshuo , Yang Xue , Ran Yu , Liu Yixing , Qin Zerui , Xu Lin , Mu Xiaohong , Li Jinyu , Quan Lei , Chen Jiang , Han Dongran 
Published: January 2025

Study Design.
A cross-sectional analysis of 10,000 cervical spine X-rays.

Objective.
This study investigates the variations in C6S and C7S across demographic factors (gender, age, cervical curvature, symptoms) and explores their correlation. Additionally, machine learning models are applied to improve the accuracy of C7S prediction.

Summary of Background Data.
The C7S is crucial for assessing cervical balance but is often limited by visibility issues. This study uses a large sample to validate the feasibility of the C6S as a substitute for C7S across diverse populations with varying ages, genders, symptoms, and cervical curvatures.

Methods.
A retrospective study was conducted on 10,000 subjects who underwent cervical sagittal X-ray imaging. Four orthopedic specialists labeled key points, which were cross-validated, and an algorithm was then used to measure C6S and C7S. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the relationship between C6S and C7S, and linear regression derived a predictive equation for C7S. Various machine learning models were compared to improve C7S prediction accuracy.

Results.
The average angles for C6S and C7S were 15.4° (16.8° in males, 14.7° in females) and 19.1° (21.1° in males, 18.2° in females), respectively, with C7S generally larger than C6S, except in Sigmoid 1 curvature. Males exhibited higher values for both C6S and C7S, and both slopes increased after age 20. Both angles increased significantly with age from 20 to 90 years. A strong positive correlation was found between C6S and C7S (r>0.75, P<0.001), confirmed by linear regression (R²=0.688). Among the machine learning models, both Ridge Regression and Linear Regression performed better than the others, with R²=0.855 in predicting C7S.

Conclusion.
The strong correlation between C6S and C7S suggests that C6S can substitute for C7S when visibility is limited. Machine learning models further enhance prediction accuracy, demonstrating promising clinical potential.
Staged versus Simultaneous Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Verma Aman , Bondarde Parshwanath , Kumar Anil , Sethy Siddharth Sekhar , Jain Aakash , Abrol Vibhor , Ahuja Kaustubh , Kandwal Pankaj 
Published: January 2025

Study Design.
Systematic review and meta analysis.

Objective.
To assess the safety and efficacy of staged versus same-day spinal fusion surgeries in Adult spinal deformity (ASD).

Background.
ASD surgeries are associated with high complication rates, ranging from 10% to 40%. Among the strategies to enhance safety, staging the procedure into two smaller procedures has been evaluated as an effective alternative.

Methods.
A systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Embase. Studies comparing staged and same-day spinal fusion for ASD were included. Perioperative data, patient-reported outcomes (ODI, SRS), radiological outcomes, and complication rates were analysed. The extracted data was analyzed and forest plots were generated to draw comparisons between the staged and the same day groups.

Results.
Eleven studies, including 1323 patients (541 staged, 782 same-day) were analyzed. Staged surgeries were associated with longer operative time and length of hospital stay. There was no significant difference in estimated blood loss, clinical and radiological outcomes, or overall complication rates between groups. However, venous thrombo-embolism (VTE) rates were significantly higher in staged surgeries (odds ratio=4.33). In the staged group, surgical site infections was the most common complication with a rate of 10.5%, whereas neurological complications were the most frequent group of complications in same-day group.

Conclusion.
Staged surgeries for ASD result in longer operative time, length of hospital stay and increased VTE risk but show similar efficacy in clinical and radiological outcomes compared to same-day surgeries. Careful patient selection is crucial to balance risks and optimize outcomes in ASD surgical planning.
HPV vaccine hesitancy in the United States
Authors: Joshi Riya , Kilinsky Alexandra 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common STI and accounts for roughly 37 000 HPV-associated cancers annually in the United States. Despite documented safety and effectiveness of the HPV vaccine, vaccination rates should be higher. We summarize literature surrounding vaccine hesitancy, a main reason for suboptimal vaccine coverage. We aim to describe the complex factors that lead to hesitancy in order to support improvement of vaccination rates in our communities.

Recent findings
Studies document sustained immunogenicity and effectiveness 10 years post HPV vaccination. Vaccine coverage was rising until 2022, when initiation declined. Primary reasons for hesitancy are: perceived lack of provider recommendation, a lack of parental knowledge and necessity especially if an adolescent is not sexually active, and safety concerns. The COVID-19 pandemic challenged access to care and exacerbated vaccine-related discourse. Studies of hesitant adopters reveal that social processes, including conversations with community members, have a substantial impact on decisions to vaccinate.

Summary
We highlight recent literature behind parental hesitancy toward the HPV vaccine, focusing on concerns about its necessity and safety, exacerbated by medical mistrust and misinformation. We summarize findings of successful educational outreach and community-based interventions to improve vaccination rates in the postpandemic social media era.
Trends in mortality and disparities in dilated cardiomyopathy across gender, race, and region in the United States (1999-2020)
Authors: Ashraf Taimoor , Abunada Omar , Kumar Aashish , Ahmed Saboor , Ali Siddiqui Muhammad Basit , Memon Umer , Dev Shah , Meghjiani Aashish , Turesh Muskan , Khatri Govinda , Rai Aneesh , Manan Abdul , Deepak Fnu , Kumar Mukesh , Yusuf Salih Abdella , Siddiq Mohammad Arham , Haseeb Abdul , Shafique Muhammad Ashir 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a significant contributor to heart failure and sudden cardiac death in the United States. Understanding mortality trends associated with DCM is crucial to inform healthcare strategies and policy interventions to mitigate its burden.

Objectives:
This study aimed to assess temporal trends in DCM-related mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2020, including an analysis of age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs), annual percent changes (APCs), and disparities across gender, racial/ethnic, geographic, and urbanization categories.

Methods:
A retrospective observational study was conducted using data from the CDC WONDER database. DCM-related mortality was identified using the ICD-10 code I42.0. The study population included individuals in the United States with DCM listed as a contributing or primary cause of death from 1999 to 2020. AAMRs were calculated and standardized to the U.S. 2000 standard population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to evaluate trends and calculate APCs and subgroup analyses were conducted to assess disparities.

Results:
From 1999 to 2020, 168 702 deaths were attributed to DCM. The overall AAMR declined significantly from 9.33 per 100 000 individuals in 1999 to 6.61 in 2020 (APC: −3.43%, 95% CI: −4.09 to −2.70; P < 0.001). Males exhibited higher mortality rates (AAMR: 3.4) compared to females (AAMR: 1.5), with gender disparities persisting throughout the study. Blacks/African Americans and residents of the Western region experienced slower mortality declines compared to other groups. Geographic disparities were evident, with the Northeast showing the most significant drop (APC: −4.32%). In recent years, heart transplantation and advancements in Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) have significantly improved outcomes for end-stage DCM patients.

Conclusions:
While DCM-related mortality declined significantly, persistent gender, racial, and regional disparities highlight the need for targeted interventions. The evolving role of heart transplantation and LVADs underscores the importance of equitable access to advanced therapies to reduce DCM-related mortality further.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical students toward Mpox in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Peer-Zada Feham , Mahmoud Hadil , Rahman Heba , Abdulmowla Ola Muwafak , Mohamed Shaimaa , Raziq Tehreemah , Sajjad Maryam , Arai Momo , Dahman Huda , Naimi Hamna Waseem , Shibl Atef , Dirar Qais 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Public health awareness is critical for preventing transmission of the Mpox virus, which is considered as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the WHO.

Objectives and methods:
We used a cross-sectional study across different academic phases to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical students at a Saudi university regarding Mpox.

Results:
Our data revealed that 84% of participants across all academic phases demonstrated poor knowledge of Mpox (score <13), with an average knowledge score of 8.58 out of 20. The widest knowledge gap was observed in 64% of respondents who were unaware of the Mpox misnomer, 73% not knowledgeable about the course of Mpox symptoms, and 68% unaware of the Mpox vaccine. About 72% of the respondents reported poor public awareness, but 57% expressed willingness to comply with preventative measures. Only 10% of our population did not adopt any proactive precautionary measures, and 65% were willing to get vaccinated against Mpox if made available in Saudi Arabia.

Conclusion:
Our findings revealed a general lack of adequate knowledge of Mpox symptoms, transmission, and vaccine options. We emphasize the need for greater public engagement through awareness campaigns and educational programs to mitigate the spread of this infectious disease.
A rare case of Takayasu arteritis with aortic dissection in a young male patient presented with hypertensive urgency
Authors: Pudasaini Kshitiz Raj , Ghimire Moniska , Basnet Prava , Shrestha Bikesh , Thapa Shovit , Shrestha Sheetal 
Published: January 2025

Introduction and importance:
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a granulomatous, large vessel inflammation characterized by occlusion, stenosis or aneurysm of the aorta and its branches. Aortic dissection (AD) is one of the rare manifestations of TA, which can present as uncontrolled hypertension. This case illustrates the severe rare cardiovascular complication that arises in a 21-year male patient with TA, including hypertensive urgency, AD and significant renal artery involvement.

Case presentation:
A 21-year-old male presented with complaints of fever, malaise and dizziness. On clinical examinations, a discrepancy in blood pressure was noted in bilateral arms. All the laboratory parameters were within normal limits. Echocardiography confirmed moderate concentric hypertrophy with Grade II diastolic dysfunction and a preserved ejection fraction. To rule out secondary causes of hypertension, an arterial Doppler was done, which showed features of renal artery stenosis and stenosis in the descending aorta. CTA revealed an intimal tear/dissection in the thoracoabdominal aorta consistent with Stanford Type B AD.

Clinical discussion:
Based on clinical presentation and imaging findings, large vessel vasculitis such as TA or giant cell arteritis (GCA) was suspected. Later, TA was diagnosed using the 2022 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR classification criteria for TA. The patient had rapid symptomatic improvement using antihypertensive drugs, corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.

Conclusion:
This explains rare manifestation of TA in a young male patient with normal inflammatory markers and underlying AD with hypertensive urgency. In those suspected with TA, screening for life threatening conditions such as AD should be done.
Experiences of Birthing Individuals Receiving Perinatal Behavioral Health Care in the Military Health System and Civilian Care With TRICARE Insurance
Authors: Wyatt Brelahn , Vereen Rasheda J. , Ryals Teri R. , Blevins Erin M. , Haischer-Rollo Gayle , Drumm Caitlin M. , Spalding Carmen N. , Plowden Torie C. , Fuller Shara M. , Musilli Megan G. , Konopasky Abigail , Lutgendorf Monica A. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE:
To explore birthing individuals' experiences of mental health care in the Military Health System or through TRICARE insurance.

METHODS:
We conducted a qualitative study. This was an IRB-approved protocol for individuals who delivered within the previous 5 years at military treatment facilities or with TRICARE insurance at civilian hospitals and were recruited for semi-structured qualitative interviews from February 2023 to June 2023. Interviews focused on participants' experiences of care during pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period. Purposive and snowball sampling was used to ensure diverse participation. Interviews were recorded and transcribed with deductive coding, and themes were identified until saturation was reached.

RESULTS:
Thirty-one individuals completed interviews, with 12 main themes identified: importance of support from their obstetric clinician and colleagues, importance of mental health check-ins during pregnancy, challenges accessing care, feelings of dismissiveness regarding mental health needs, inadequate assessment of symptoms, curtailing of symptoms and situational stress, lack of postpartum care, waiting extended periods for postpartum visits, privacy concerns leading to the concealment of symptoms to avoid documentation, concern for the adverse effect on careers, and support from doulas and support groups postpartum. A common theme included the need to improve screening for depression and anxiety.

CONCLUSION:
These results indicate varied perinatal mental health care experiences. Some individuals had supportive care, whereas others experienced delays and challenges accessing care despite having universal insurance. Opportunities to improve perinatal behavioral health care include timely access and expanding support programs.
Autocrine signaling in hormonally active cancer induces antigen expression for immunotherapy
Authors: Schauer Marc P. , Weber Justus , Altieri Barbara , Spieler Peter , Gehrke Leon , Sbiera Silviu , Kircher Stefan , Kurlbaum Max , Kroiss Matthias , Kiseljak-Vassiliades Katja , Wierman Margaret E. , Nerreter Thomas , Einsele Hermann , Fassnacht Martin , Landwehr Laura-Sophie , Hudecek Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEndocrine, but also many non-endocrine cancers produce hormones that modulate immune-recognition and -therapy. We used adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) as model that produces high amounts of glucocorticoids (GCs) and studied cancer antigen expression and recognition. Our study revealed that the oncofetal antigen ROR1 is induced by autocrine GC-signaling and that its transcription is regulated by GC-activated human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR) in complex with STAT3. To exploit the exalted ROR1 expression on ACC, we engineered ROR1-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells that were shieled from the immune-suppressive effect of GCs, and conferred complete remission of GC-producing ACC xenograftsin vivo. Our study identifies autocrine signaling as a mechanism that induces antigen expression in hormonally active cancer, which can be leveraged for effective immunotherapy with genetically-engineered CAR-T cells.One-Sentence SummaryAutocrine glucocorticoid (GC) signaling induces the oncogenic driver ROR1 in hormonally active adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), and exposes ACC to elimination by GC-resistant ROR1-specific CAR-T cells.