bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bigger problem for ideography: The pervasiveness of linguistic structure
Authors: Harbour Daniel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Writing systems display ubiquitous linguistic structure, from the recursive syntactic properties of their glyphs to the morphology/phonology of their combinatorics. This extends to Ancient Egyptian, Chinese, and Sumerian ideograms. Pure ideography requires switching this influence off. The pervasive linguistic tinge to the fabric of writing systems suggests that the chances of breaking what Morin terms language's lock-in effect are slim.
Chinese offers a test for universal cognitive processes
Authors: Yan Ming , Kliegl Reinhold 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Chinese writing system is unique in its implementation of graphemic, phonological, morphological, and semantic features. We add nuances to its portrait in the target article and highlight research on radically different timelines of phonological and semantic activation during reading of Chinese and alphabetic script, paving the way for the identification of universal and culture-specific cognitive processing.
Multiple recurrence and popular differences for polynomial patterns in rings of integers
Authors: ACKELSBERG ETHAN , BERGELSON VITALY 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate that the phenomenon of popular differences (aka the phenomenon of large intersections) holds for natural families of polynomial patterns in rings of integers of number fields. If K is a number field with ring of integers
$\mathcal{O}_K$
and
$E \subseteq \mathcal{O}_K$
has positive upper Banach density
$d^*(E) = \delta > 0$
, we show, inter alia:(1)if
$p(x) \in K[x]$
is an intersective polynomial (i.e., p has a root modulo m for every
$m \in \mathcal{O}_K$
) with
$p(\mathcal{O}_K) \subseteq \mathcal{O}_K$
and
$r, s \in \mathcal{O}_K$
are distinct and nonzero, then for any
$\varepsilon > 0$
, there is a syndetic set
$S \subseteq \mathcal{O}_K$
such that for any
$n \in S$
,
\begin{align*} d^* \left( \left\{ x \in \mathcal{O}_K \;:\; \{x, x + rp(n), x + sp(n)\} \subseteq E \right\} \right) > \delta^3 - \varepsilon. \end{align*}
Moreover, if
${s}/{r} \in \mathbb{Q}$
, then there are syndetically many
$n \in \mathcal{O}_K$
such that
\begin{align*} d^* \left( \left\{ x \in \mathcal{O}_K \;:\; \{x, x + rp(n), x + sp(n), x + (r+s)p(n)\} \subseteq E \right\} \right) > \delta^4 - \varepsilon; \end{align*}
(2)if
$\{p_1, \dots, p_k\} \subseteq K[x]$
is a jointly intersective family (i.e.,
$p_1, \dots, p_k$
have a common root modulo m for every
$m \in \mathcal{O}_K$
) of linearly independent polynomials with
$p_i(\mathcal{O}_K) \subseteq \mathcal{O}_K$
, then there are syndetically many
$n \in \mathcal{O}_K$
such that
\begin{align*} d^* \left( \left\{ x \in \mathcal{O}_K \;:\; \{x, x + p_1(n), \dots, x + p_k(n)\} \subseteq E \right\} \right) > \delta^{k+1} - \varepsilon. \end{align*}
These two results generalise and extend previous work of Frantzikinakis and Kra [21] and Franztikinakis [19] on polynomial configurations in
$\mathbb{Z}$
and build upon recent work of the authors and Best [2] on linear patterns in general abelian groups. The above combinatorial results follow from multiple recurrence results in ergodic theory via a version of Furstenberg’s correspondence principle. The ergodic-theoretic recurrence theorems require a sharpening of existing tools for handling polynomial multiple ergodic averages. A key advancement made in this paper is a new result on the equidistribution of polynomial orbits in nilmanifolds, which can be seen as a far-reaching generalisation of Weyl’s equidistribution theorem for polynomials of several variables:(3)let
$d, k, l \in \mathbb{N}$
. Let
$(X, \mathcal{B}, \mu, T_1, \dots, T_l)$
be an ergodic, connected
$\mathbb{Z}^l$
-nilsystem. Let
$\{p_{i,j} \;:\; 1 \le i \le k, 1 \le j \le l\} \subseteq \mathbb{Q}[x_1, \dots, x_d]$
be a family of polynomials such that
$p_{i,j}\left( \mathbb{Z}^d \right) \subseteq \mathbb{Z}$
and
$\{1\} \cup \{p_{i,j}\}$
is linearly independent over
$\mathbb{Q}$
. Then the
$\mathbb{Z}^d$
-sequence
$\left( \prod_{j=1}^l{T_j^{p_{1,j}(n)}}x, \dots, \prod_{j=1}^l{T_j^{p_{k,j}(n)}}x \right)_{n \in \mathbb{Z}^d}$
is well-distributed in
$X^k$
for every x in a co-meager set of full measure.
A chromosome map of Belgica antarctica Jacobs (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Antarctica, including chromosome variability
Authors: Michailova Paraskeva , Kovalenko Pavlo A. , Serga Svitlana , Parnikoza Ivan , Kozeretska Iryna , Convey Peter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBelgica antarctica Jacobs (Diptera: Chironomidae) is the only endemic insect found in the Antarctic Peninsula region and has stimulated considerable research interest. Due to recent rapid changes in regional climate in Antarctica, there is growing interest in studying the responses of this species to environmental changes, in particular at the chromosomal level. Chromosomal inversions are known to play an important role in speciation and adaptation in many insect species, but their frequencies in natural populations are poorly understood. In the current study, we provide the first standard polytene chromosome map for B. antarctica, which will enable the precise location of chromosomal abnormalities in future studies. We further analysed chromosomal polymorphisms in fourth-instar larvae collected from two different locations on Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. We found four previously reported and two new inherited inversions, and we discuss their possible adaptive role in response to environmental stressors in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Our data provide a foundation for future studies exploring the potential role of B. antarctica chromosomal polymorphisms in adaptation to the changing environment.
A question of change: Putting five complementary measures to the test with French polar interrogatives
Authors: Dion Nathalie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper explores how five key complementary features of variable systems—overall rates, variant conditioning, productivity, contextual dispersion, and diffusion in the community—must be marshaled to provide a more comprehensive characterization of change in progress. We illustrate by revisiting a robustly variable sector of Canadian French morphosyntax whose variants are known to be in flux: the polar interrogative domain. Analyses extend the timeline of Elsig (2009)/Elsig and Poplack’s (2006) diachronic analysis by an additional twenty-five years, bringing 2,000+ questions produced by 133 speakers to bear on developments occurring over a period of nearly a century and a half of spontaneous Québec French speech. Results underscore the need to consider more than rates and conditioning in the study of language change. Linguistic dispersion and diffusion in the community provide crucial insight into the mechanics of the transition period and contribute to identifying shifts in variant productivity at each point in time.
Epidemiology of Trauma-Related Hemorrhage and Time to Definitive Care Across North America: Making the Case for Bleeding Control Education
Authors: Jones Allison R. , Miller Justin , Brown Michelle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Uncontrolled trauma-related hemorrhage remains the primary preventable cause of death among those with critical injury.Study Objective:The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the types of trauma associated with critical injury and trauma-related hemorrhage, and to determine the time to definitive care among patients treated at major trauma centers who were predicted to require massive transfusion.Methods:A secondary analysis was performed of the Pragmatic, Randomized, Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios (PROPPR) trial data (N = 680). All patients included were predicted to require massive transfusion and admitted to one of 12 North American trauma centers. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize patients, including demographics, type and mechanism of injury, source of bleeding, and receipt of prehospital interventions. Patient time to definitive care was determined using the time from activation of emergency services to responder arrival on scene, and time from scene departure to emergency department (ED) arrival. Each interval was calculated and then summed for a total time to definitive care.Results:Patients were primarily white (63.8%), male (80.3%), with a median age of 34 (IQR 24-51) years. Roughly one-half of patients experienced blunt (49.0%) versus penetrating (48.2%) injury. The most common types of blunt trauma were motor vehicle injuries (83.5%), followed by falls (9.3%), other (3.6%), assaults (1.8%), and incidents due to machinery (1.8%). The most common types of penetrating injuries were gunshot wounds (72.3%), stabbings (24.1%), other (2.1%), and impalements (1.5%). One-third of patients (34.5%) required some prehospital intervention, including intubation (77.4%), chest or needle decompression (18.8%), tourniquet (18.4%), and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR; 5.6%). Sources of bleeding included the abdomen (44.3%), chest (20.4%), limb/extremity (18.2%), pelvis (11.4%), and other (5.7%). Patients waited for a median of six (IQR4-10) minutes for emergency responders to arrive at the scene of injury and traveled a median of 27 (IQR 19-42) minutes to an ED. Time to definitive care was a median of 57 (IQR 44-77) minutes, with a range of 12-232 minutes. Twenty-four-hour mortality was 15% (n = 100) with 81 patients dying due to exsanguination or hemorrhage.Conclusion:Patients who experience critical injury may experience lengthy times to receipt of definitive care and may benefit from bystander action for hemorrhage control to improve patient outcomes.
Multifaceted role of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway in human health and disease
Authors: Panwar Vivek , Singh Aishwarya , Bhatt Manini , Tonk Rajiv K. , Azizov Shavkatjon , Raza Agha Saquib , Sengupta Shinjinee , Kumar Deepak , Garg Manoj 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a protein kinase that controls cellular metabolism, catabolism, immune responses, autophagy, survival, proliferation, and migration, to maintain cellular homeostasis. The mTOR signaling cascade consists of two distinct multi-subunit complexes named mTOR complex 1/2 (mTORC1/2). mTOR catalyzes the phosphorylation of several critical proteins like AKT, protein kinase C, insulin growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K), transcription factor EB (TFEB), sterol-responsive element-binding proteins (SREBPs), Lipin-1, and Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinases. mTOR signaling plays a central role in regulating translation, lipid synthesis, nucleotide synthesis, biogenesis of lysosomes, nutrient sensing, and growth factor signaling. The emerging pieces of evidence have revealed that the constitutive activation of the mTOR pathway due to mutations/amplification/deletion in either mTOR and its complexes (mTORC1 and mTORC2) or upstream targets is responsible for aging, neurological diseases, and human malignancies. Here, we provide the detailed structure of mTOR, its complexes, and the comprehensive role of upstream regulators, as well as downstream effectors of mTOR signaling cascades in the metabolism, biogenesis of biomolecules, immune responses, and autophagy. Additionally, we summarize the potential of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as an important modulator of mTOR signaling. Importantly, we have highlighted the potential of mTOR signaling in aging, neurological disorders, human cancers, cancer stem cells, and drug resistance. Here, we discuss the developments for the therapeutic targeting of mTOR signaling with improved anticancer efficacy for the benefit of cancer patients in clinics.
Incorporation of multiple supramolecular binding sites into a robust MOF for benchmark one-step ethylene purification
Authors: Wu Enyu , Gu Xiao-Wen , Liu Di , Zhang Xu , Wu Hui , Zhou Wei , Qian Guodong , Li Bin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne-step adsorption separation of C2H4 from ternary C2 hydrocarbon mixtures remains an important and challenging goal for petrochemical industry. Current physisorbents either suffer from unsatisfied separation performance, poor stability, or are difficult to scale up. Herein, we report a strategy of constructing multiple supramolecular binding sites in a robust and scalable MOF (Al-PyDC) for highly efficient one-step C2H4 purification from ternary mixtures. Owing to suitable pore confinement with multiple supramolecular binding sites, Al-PyDC exhibits one of the highest C2H2 and C2H6 uptakes and selectivities over C2H4 at ambient conditions. The gas binding sites have been visualized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies, unveiling that the low-polarity pore surfaces with abundant electronegative N/O sites provide stronger multiple supramolecular interactions with C2H2 and C2H6 over C2H4. Breakthrough experiments showed that polymer-grade C2H4 can be separated from ternary mixtures with a maximum productivity of 1.61 mmol g−1. This material can be prepared from two simple reagents using a green synthesis method with water as the sole solvent, and its synthesis can be easily scaled to multikilogram batches. Al-PyDC achieves an effective combination of benchmark separation performance, high stability/recyclability, green synthesis and easy scalability to address major challenges for industrial one-step C2H4 purification.
Strategies for remediating the impact of math anxiety on high school math performance
Authors: Pizzie Rachel G. , Kraemer David J. M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudents with math anxiety experience excessive levels of negative emotion, including intrusive and distracting thoughts, when attempting to learn about math or complete a math assignment. Consequently, math anxiety is associated with maladaptive study skills, such as avoidance of homework and test preparation, creating significant impediments for students to fulfill their potential in math classes. To combat the impact of math anxiety on academic performance, we introduced two classroom-based interventions across two samples of high school math students: one intervention focused on emotion regulation (ER) using cognitive reappraisal, a technique for reframing an anxious situation, and the other intervention encouraged students to improve their study habits. The Study Skills (SS) intervention was associated with increased grades for highly anxious students during the intervention period, whereas the ER intervention was less efficacious in countering anxiety-related decreases in grade performance. The SS intervention encouraged highly math-anxious students to incorporate self-testing and overcome avoidant behaviors, increasing academic performance and ameliorating performance deficits associated with increased anxiety that were observed in both groups prior to intervention, and that persisted in the ER group. Notably, the benefits observed for the SS group extended to the post-intervention quarter, indicating the potential lasting effects of this intervention. These results support the hypothesis that using better study strategies and encouraging more frequent engagement with math resources would help highly-anxious students habituate to their math anxiety and ameliorate the negative effects of anxiety on performance, ultimately increasing their math comprehension and academic achievement.
Validation of the volumetric flow cytometry for bovine sperm concentration
Authors: Gloria Alessia , Bracco Claudia , Antenucci Emiliana , Contri Alberto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSperm concentration is a stronghold of the andrological evaluation and the production of insemination doses. The use of haemocytometers, although considered the gold standard, is difficult to apply in field conditions because it is subjective and time-consuming. The present study was designed to validate the volumetric flow cytometry (volFC) in order to estimate bovine sperm concentration, comparing it with the performances of haemocytometer, NucleoCounter, and flow cytometry with the use of fluorospheres. Compared with other methods, volFC appeared less affected by large dilution of the sample, with similar concentrations calculated in the range of dilution 1:200–1:800. Using volFc the population detected on the basis of morphological criteria and fluorescence of DNA better represents the real concentration of sperm in the sample. The volFC showed high repeatability compared with the haemocytometer (coefficient of variation 1.85% and 4.52%, respectively) and stable performances with cryopreserved samples, with negligible effects of the medium components. The present study showed that volFC is as accurate and precise as other techniques to estimate sperm concentration in bovine fresh and frozen semen, but it is less affected by operative conditions, such as sample dilution. The possibility to quantify sperm functional subpopulations by volFC could potentially implement the study of the relationship between sperm attributes and fertility.
High-fat diet promotes tumor growth in the patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model of ER positive endometrial cancer
Authors: Shen Ke , Shen Dandan , Jin Dongdong , Zheng Yichao , Zhu Yuanhang , Zhao Xinyue , Zhang Zhenan , Wang Nannan , Chen Huanhuan , Yang Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEndometrial cancer, one of the common gynecological malignancies, is affected by several influencing factors. This study established a unique patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model for the study of influencing factors in ER positive endometrial cancer. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that a high-fat diet can affect the growth of ER positive endometrial cancer PDOX model tumors. The tumor tissues were expanded by subcutaneous transplantation in nude mice, and then the subcutaneous tumor tissues were orthotopically implanted into the nude mouse uterus to establish the PDOX model. After modeling, they were divided into high-fat diet group and normal diet group for 8 weeks of feeding, which showed that high-fat diet significantly promoted tumor growth (P < 0.001) and increased the protein expression level of ERα in tumor tissues. This study demonstrates that PDOX models of endometrial cancer can embody the role of dietary influences on tumor growth and that this model has the potential for preclinical studies of cancer promoting factors.
JOYS: Disentangling the warm and cold material in the high-mass IRAS 23385+6053 cluster
Authors: Gieser C. , Beuther H. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Francis L. , van Gelder M. L. , Tychoniec L. , Kavanagh P. J. , Perotti G. , Caratti o Garatti A. , Ray T. P. , Klaassen P. , Justtanont K. , Linnartz H. , Rocha W. R. M. , Slavicinska K. , Colina L. , Güdel M. , Henning Th. , Lagage P.-O. , Östlin G. , Vandenbussche B. , Waelkens C. , Wright G. 
Published: October 2023

Context. High-mass star formation occurs in a clustered mode where fragmentation is observed from an early stage onward. Young protostars can now be studied in great detail with the recently launched James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).
Aims. We study and compare the warm (>100 K) and cold (<100 K) material toward the high-mass star-forming region (HMSFR) IRAS 23385+6053 (IRAS 23385 hereafter) combining high-angular-resolution observations in the mid-infrared (MIR) with the JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS) project and with the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) at millimeter (mm) wavelengths at angular resolutions of ≈0.″2–1.″0.
Methods. We investigated the spatial morphology of atomic and molecular species using line-integrated intensity maps. We estimated the temperature and column density of different gas components using H2 transitions (warm and hot component) and a series of CH3CN transitions as well as 3 mm continuum emission (cold component).
Results. Toward the central dense core of IRAS 23385, the material consists of relatively cold gas and dust (≈50 K), while multiple outflows create heated and/or shocked H2 and show enhanced temperatures (≈400 K) along the outflow structures. An energetic outflow with enhanced emission knots of [Fe II] and [Ni II] suggests J-type shocks, while two other outflows have enhanced emission of only H2 and [S I] caused by C-type shocks. The latter two outflows are also more prominent in molecular line emission at mm wavelengths (e.g., SiO, SO, H2CO, and CH3OH). Data of even higher angular resolution are needed to unambiguously identify the outflow-driving sources given the clustered nature of IRAS 23385. While most of the forbidden fine structure transitions are blueshifted, [Ne II] and [Ne III] peak at the source velocity toward the MIR source A/mmA2 suggesting that the emission is originating from closer to the protostar.
Conclusions. The warm and cold gas traced by MIR and mm observations, respectively, are strongly linked in IRAS 23385. The outflows traced by MIR H2 lines have molecular counterparts in the mm regime. Despite the presence of multiple powerful outflows that cause dense and hot shocks, a cold dense envelope still allows star formation to further proceed. To study and fully understand the spatially resolved MIR properties, a representative sample of low- and high-mass protostars has to be probed using JWST.
Continuous Monitoring of Blood Oxygen Saturation During Extracorporeal Circulation
Authors: Latridis A. , Heinemann S. , Derocher R. , Osborn J. 
Published: October 2023

The Bentley “oxysat” oxygen saturation meier is a small, digital, battery-operated, dual wave length, optical device. Two probes, arterial and venous, are mounted into the extra corporeal blood line during openheart surgery.
Correlation tests between van Slyke, Lex O2 con, and calculated saturations, have shown accuracy and repeatability of oxygen saturation values during extracorporeal circulation on twenty cardiac patients.
The meter proved useful during extracorporeal circulation by providing access to immediate observation of blood saturation and valuable trend data in the course of perfusion, and allowing better control of gas and blood flow during bypass. It also helped prevent excessive pO2s, gaseous microemboli, effort factor during blood sampling, and blood waste.
Saturation of the anomalous Hall effect at high magnetic fields in altermagnetic RuO2
Authors: Tschirner Teresa , Keßler Philipp , Gonzalez Betancourt Ruben Dario , Kotte Tommy , Kriegner Dominik , Büchner Bernd , Dufouleur Joseph , Kamp Martin , Jovic Vedran , Smejkal Libor , Sinova Jairo , Claessen Ralph , Jungwirth Tomas , Moser Simon , Reichlova Helena , Veyrat Louis 
Published: October 2023

Observations of the anomalous Hall effect in RuO2 and MnTe have demonstrated unconventional time-reversal symmetry breaking in the electronic structure of a recently identified new class of compensated collinear magnets, dubbed altermagnets. While in MnTe, the unconventional anomalous Hall signal accompanied by a vanishing magnetization is observable at remanence, the anomalous Hall effect in RuO2 is excluded by symmetry for the Néel vector pointing along the zero-field [001] easy-axis. Guided by a symmetry analysis and ab initio calculations, a field-induced reorientation of the Néel vector from the easy-axis toward the [110] hard-axis was used to demonstrate the anomalous Hall signal in this altermagnet. We confirm the existence of an anomalous Hall effect in our RuO2 thin-film samples, whose set of magnetic and magneto-transport characteristics is consistent with the earlier report. By performing our measurements at extreme magnetic fields up to 68 T, we reach saturation of the anomalous Hall signal at a field Hc ≃ 55 T that was inaccessible in earlier studies but is consistent with the expected Néel-vector reorientation field.