bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward food preservatives among pregnant women
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Liu Weimei , Shen Zhixin , Ren Meitian , Hao Shuangying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Food preservatives extend shelf life but can be toxic. Sodium benzoate, a common preservative, can harm fetuses. Knowledge of preservatives’ health impact, especially among pregnant women, is limited. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of pregnant women regarding food preservatives. This cross-sectional study enrolled pregnant women in Henan Province (China) between March and April 2023. The study collected 515 valid questionnaires [303 (58.83%) < 30 years]. The knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 10.21 ± 2.90 (possible range: 0–17), 29.59 ± 2.73 (possible range: 8–40), and 22.86 ± 3.56 (possible range: 6–30; 76.20%), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the knowledge (OR = 1.144, 95%CI: 1.061–1.234, P < 0.001), attitude (OR = 1.112, 95%CI: 1.028–1.203, P = 0.008) were significantly associated with the practice. The structural equation model (SEM) showed that the knowledge of food preservatives directly affected attitude (β = 0.168, P = 0.005) and practice (β = 0.250, P = 0.021) and indirectly affected practice (β = 0.047, P = 0.004). The food preservatives attitude directly affected practice (β = 0.280, P = 0.021). In conclusion, pregnant women in Henan have poor knowledge but favorable attitudes and active practices toward food preservatives. This study identified knowledge items that should be targeted by education interventions.
The association between empathy and burnout in medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cairns Patrick , Isham Aleksandra Eriksen , Zachariae Robert 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Burnout levels in medical students are higher than in other student groups. Empathy is an increasingly desired outcome of medical school. Empathy is negatively associated with burnout in physicians. Our objective was to quantitatively review the available literature on associations between empathy and burnout in medical students, and to explore associations between specific empathy aspects (cognitive and affective) and burnout sub-dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment).
Methods
A comprehensive search of the literature published up until January 2024 was undertaken in the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO databases. Two independent reviewers screened 498 records and quality-rated and extracted data from eligible studies. The effect size correlations (ESr) were pooled using a random-effects model and between-study variation explored with meta-regression. The review was preregistered with PROSPERO (#CRD42023467670) and reported following the PRISMA guidelines.
Results
Twenty-one studies including a total of 27,129 medical students published between 2010 and 2023 were included. Overall, empathy and burnout were negatively and statistically significantly associated (ESr: -0.15, 95%CI [-0.21; -0.10], p < .001). When analyzing sub-dimensions, cognitive empathy was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion (ESr: -0.10, 95%CI [-0.17; -0.03], p = .006) and depersonalization (ESr: -0.15, 95%CI [-0.24; 0.05], p = .003), and positively associated with personal accomplishment (ESr: 0.21, 95%CI [0.12; 0.30], p < .001). Affective empathy was not statistically significantly associated with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or personal accomplishment. Supplementary Bayesian analysis indicated the strongest evidence for the positive association between cognitive empathy and personal accomplishment. Response rate and gender moderated the relationship so that higher response rates and more male respondents strengthen the negative association between empathy and burnout.
Conclusion
Greater empathy, in particular cognitive empathy, is associated with lower burnout levels in medical students. This appears to be primarily driven through cognitive empathy's positive association with personal accomplishment.
Protocol Registration: #CRD42023467670
RETRACTED: Hierarchical Pore Engineering by Graphene Nanoscroll for All-Solid-State Fiber Supercapacitors
Authors: Oh Seongjae , Lee Seon , Kim Hyunsoo , Song Young-Chul , Kim Hyun , Lee Youngbok , Lim Seong Chu , Suh Dongseok , Kim Shi Hyeong , Kim Keon Jung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Trophic niche overlap &amp; increasing populations of a nonnative invader in the coastal Everglades
Authors: Kahmann Grace , Rehage Jennifer , Massie Jordan , Nelson James , Corujo Rolando Santos , Viadero Natasha , James Ryan , Boucek Ross , Crane Derek , Rezek Ryan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The Florida Everglades is a critically important, but highly threatened ecosystem that is becoming increasingly susceptible to the invasion of non-native species. This study investigated the ecological role of the invasive peacock eel (Macrognathus siamensis) within this ecosystem using 19 years of electrofishing data. We investigated the population trends of peacock eels at the marsh-mangrove ecotone of the Shark River Estuary, emphasizing the environmental factors contributing to their abundance and the potential interactions they may have with native fish assemblages and coastal food webs. We used stable isotope analysis to provide insights into the basal resource contribution to peacock eels and hypervolume analysis methods to determine peacock eel niche size and overlap with native species. Results of this study found that peacock ell abundance has rapidly increased, and their populations are strongly affected by hydroclimatic regimes—with warmer water temperatures and greater marsh inundation periods explaining greater abundance. We found that the trophic niche of peacock eels, though significantly smaller in volume, overlaps 98.8% with native sunfishes (Lepomis spp.) suggesting a potential for inter-specific competition. In recent years, the catch of peacock eels has outnumbered the catch of all native sunfishes combined. Peacock eel populations are predicted to continue to increase, highlighting the importance of continued monitoring of their impact on native fish assemblages and food webs.
Microwave-Assisted Reverse Micellar Synthesis of Sm0.42Ca0.58MnO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: . Pratheek , Hegde B G , Bhat SV 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The control of size and dispersity of particles is a crucial aspect of nanoparticle preparation. In this work we report on microwave assisted reverse micelle method of preparation of nanoparticles of the doped rare earth manganite Sm0.42Ca0.58MnO3 and compare the results with those obtained from conventional sonication assisted reverse micelle method. We find that the microwave assisted method enables the preparation of particles of smaller size and minimal polydispersity. The study of such particles may lead to the resolution of the longstanding issue of the nature of the charge order (CO) melting in nanomangnites, namely whether the size induced melting of CO in nanomangnites is complete or some residual short-range CO still persists.
Defence mechanism through a biochemical pathway in Kabuli chickpea genotypes against Ascochyta blight
Authors: Abassy Omer , Kaur Satvir Grewal , Rani Upasana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), the second-largest global pulse crop, plays a crucial role in providing essential minerals and dietary fiber. Ascochyta blight, caused by the necrotrophic pathogen Ascochyta rabiei, poses a substantial threat to chickpea cultivation. Contemporary cultivars often lose resistance to this disease, necessitating improved management strategies. In this study, six Kabuli chickpea genotypes underwent at treated and controlled conditions, identifying GLK 10–40, GLK 20055, FLIP 09-194C, FLIP 04-219C, and ICCV 55215 resistant and GLK 17301 susceptible to Ascochyta blight. The exploration into the biochemical responses of these genotypes revealed dynamic shifts in enzymatic activities and biochemical components post-fungal infection. PAL enzyme activity witnessed a remarkable 45.5-fold increase at 96 hours post inoculation in the resistant genotype GLK 10–40, underscoring its essential role in the early defense cascade against Ascochyta blight. TAL and PPO activity peaked at 96 hours post inoculation notably in GLK 20055 and GLK 10–40 respectively, emphasizing its participation in the initial defense response. POD activity, a crucial element in plant immunity, reached its peak at 96 hours post inoculation, particularly in the resistant line GLK 20055, signifying prolonged defense mechanisms. Lignin content exhibited a consistent increase till 144 hour post inoculation notably in GLK 20055, highlighting its structural contribution to defense against Ascochyta blight. Total phenol content, crucial in resisting microbial infection, showed heightened levels till 144 hour post inoculation in resistant line FLIP 04-219C maintaining sustained high levels. These findings unveil the biochemical intricacies of chickpea defense mechanisms against Ascochyta blight, laying the groundwork for targeted breeding or genetic engineering. The identified genotypes, such as GLK 10–40, GLK 20055, and FLIP 04-219C, hold promise for developing resilient chickpea cultivars to counter this challenging disease, crucial for ensuring global food security.
Structural, Spectroscopic and Electrical Characterization of Strontium doped Lanthanum Cobaltite (LSC) as Cathode for SOFC
Authors: Kamble B. S. , Chougale U. M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Lanthanum Strontium Cobaltite (LSC) thin films with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mol % strontium were synthesized by spray pyrolysis technique (SPT). These thin films were sintered at 1100 ℃ and structural characterization has been studied by XRD for confirmation of phase and to find the crystalline size. By using FESEM surface morphological analysis was done to calculate grain size. Elemental analyses were done by EDAX. The morphological structure was studied by AFM and it was found uniform and spongy morphology of LSC thin films. At different positions, FWHM was calculated by using Micro Raman spectroscopy. The surface properties of the thin film were studied by XPS. The D. C. electrical resistivity and dielectric constant were measured with a variation of temperature, and it exhibited semiconducting behavior. Impedance study of LSC samples was studied and it was found that space charge polarization occurs in the samples.
Sports promote brain evolution: A Resting-State fMRI Study of volleyball athlete
Authors: Zhang Jun-Peng , Zhu Ping , Cai Zengliang , Xing Xiang-Xin , Wu Jia-Jia , Zheng Mou-Xiong , Hua Xu-Yun , Gong Bo-Min , Xu Jian-Guang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Long-term skill learning can lead to structure and function changes in the brain. Different sports can trigger neuroplasticity in distinct brain regions. Volleyball, as one of the most popular team sports, heavily relies on individual abilities such as perception and prediction for high-level athletes to excel. However, the specific brain mechanisms that contribute to the superior performance of volleyball athletes compared to non-athletes remain unclear.
Method
We conducted a study involving the recruitment of ten female volleyball athletes and ten regular female college students, forming the athlete and novice groups, respectively. Comprehensive behavioral assessments, including Functional Movement Screen and audio-visual reaction time tests, were administered to both groups. Additionally, resting-state magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) data were acquired for both groups. Subsequently, we conducted in-depth analyses, focusing on the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF), regional homogeneity(ReHo), and functional connectivity (FC) in the brain for both the athlete and novice groups.
Results
No significant differences were observed in the behavioral data between the two groups. However, the athlete group exhibited noteworthy enhancements in both the ALFF and ReHo within the visual cortex compared to the novice group. Moreover, the functional connectivity between the visual cortex and key brain regions, including the left primary sensory cortex, left supplementary motor cortex, right insula, left superior temporal gyrus, and left inferior parietal lobule, was notably stronger in the athlete group than in the novice group.
Conclusion
This study has unveiled the remarkable impact of volleyball athletes on various brain functions related to vision, movement, and cognition. It indicates that volleyball, as a team-based competitive activity, fosters the advancement of visual, cognitive, and motor skills. These findings lend additional support to the early cultivation of sports talents and the comprehensive development of adolescents. Furthermore, they offer fresh perspectives on preventing and treating movement-related disorders.
Immunogenicity of DNA vaccine encoding spike protein against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in mammalian model
Authors: sherif Mohamed E. Abo , Shama Noura M. Abo , Mahmoud Sara H. , El-Desouky Mohamed A. , Hanna Demiana H. , Ahmed Ali 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is currently a major threat to public health worldwide. There are, as of yet, no licensed MERS-CoV vaccines or therapeutics. The rapid development and deployment of low-cost and effective vaccines against emerging variants has renewed interest in DNA vaccine technology. So, the aim of the current study is the generation and immunological evaluation of DNA vaccine candidates against MERS-CoV.
Methods:
The spike gene was selected to generate the DNA vaccine, which encodes the spike protein of coronaviruses that plays a pivotal role in viral entry into host cells and serves as a primary target for host immune responses. Moreover, the antibody responses post-immunization with spike-DNA fragment and inactivated coronaviruses vaccines was explored, using a microneutralization assay with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), and the log2 antibody titers at different time points (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks) post-vaccination was measured.
Results:
The inactivated MERS-CoV and pCDNA3.1-S-MERS-CoV vaccines maintained steady log2 antibody titers, showing no specific response to SARS-CoV-2 in the control group (PBS). Microneutralization against MERS-CoV showed no significant antibody titers for Inactivated SARS-CoV-2, suggesting no cross-reactivity. Sustained antibody titers for Inactivated MERS-CoV indicate vaccine-induced stability.
Conclusion:
This study sheds light on antibody responses induced by these vaccines against MERS-CoV, aiding rapid development and deployment of low-cost and effective vaccines. These insights are crucial for optimizing vaccine strategies, particularly in the context of the evolving MERS-CoV pandemic.
Executive Functions, Anxiety, Social Participation and Quality of Life in Children with Migraine During COVID-19
Authors: Genizi Jacob , Samet Hila , Huseein Zaitoon , Elimelech Uriel , Kerem Nogah C. , Kessel Aharon , Shalata Adel , Nathan Keren , Engel-Yeger Batya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: To compare executive functions (EF), anxiety, social participation, and quality of life (QoL) between children with migraine and healthy controls during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to examine these parameters in children in each group who did vs. did not contract COVID-19.
Background: Migraine is among the most prevalent headache disorders in children, especially in adolescents. Migraine is exacerbated by stress, and it holds potential to affect patients’ emotional and cognitive state and, by extension, their functioning and wellbeing – parameters that were also affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study. The patient group comprised children seen in our pediatric neurology clinic for migraine, and the control group was composed of aged-matched healthy children with no neurological findings or developmental disorders. Participants’ parents completed a health and demographic questionnaire, BRIEF (child/adolescent version), PedsQL, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) and CASP. Participants or their parents furnished information on whether the participant had contracted COVID-19.
Results: 84 children and adolescents aged 6–17.5 participated in the study: 33 with migraine (17 boys, 16 girls); 51 healthy controls (28 boys, 23 girls). Children with migraine showed significantly lower EF due to reduced behavioral regulation, higher trait anxiety, and lower physical, emotional, and school related QoL. Reduced EFs correlated with intensity of migraine attacks, higher anxiety, reduced social participation, and reduced QoL. Lower social participation correlated with reduced QoL and predicted emotional and social QoL. The BRIEF metacognition scale predicted school-related QoL. Healthy children who contracted COVID-19 showed significantly lower EF than children with migraine in the inhibition (56.66±10.56 vs 45.71±7.12-, p=.013) and initiation (60.01±11.89 vs 46.01±6.54, p=.005) BRIEF scales, and in the general metacognition index (65.83±14.48 vs 46.75±9.19, p=.003).
Healthy children who contracted COVID-19 had significantly worse initiation and working memory compared to those who did not contract COVID-19 (initiation: 60.01±11.89 vs 46.81±8.89, p=.007), working memory: 61.16±15.48 vs 47.21±11.06, p=.021).
Conclusion: Migraine has a significant negative impact on executive functions in children and adolescents, even more than contracting COVID-19. Executive dysfunction influences their emotional state, participation in social activities, and quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic had a less deleterious effect on migraine patients compared to the healthy control group. Further research on pediatric migraine is warranted.
A study on the temperature of cutting fluid in the micro-cutting of commercially pure titanium
Authors: Assis João Octávio Marçal , Lauro Carlos Henrique , Pereira Robson Bruno Dutra , Brandão Lincoln Cardoso , Arruda Étory Madrilles , Davim João Paulo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The sustainable machining is a delicate issue because it does not depend only on the environment aspects. A simple solution would be to remove the use of cutting fluids, however, in the machining of difficult-to-cut materials, the use of cutting fluid can be strongly recommended. In these materials, the high temperature during the cut can cause damages that compromise the component efficiency, likes cracks, microstructure, and others. In recent years, the micro-cutting has been employed to obtain more detailed components and/or great surface quality, regardless of dimensions. In this work, the orthogonal micro-cutting of commercially pure titanium was investigated, employing the dry condition and the use of cutting fluid at different temperature, room temperature and the cooled. To know the cutting fluids effects, forces, friction, specific cutting energy, chip compression, chip deformation, and shear plane angle was compared. These outcomes indicated that, under the test conditions, the use of cutting fluid, principally when cooled, had a negative effect on micro-cutting performance.
Factors Associated with Antenatal Care Visit and Measles Immunization of Children in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Maliki Iya , Njoh Andreas Ateke , Castetbon Katia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Antenatal care is critical for improving maternal and newborn health. Late-onset antenatal care limits the effectiveness of addressing obstetrical problems. Measles is one of the leading causes of mortality among children, and the utilization of prenatal care relates to child immunization. There is an impact of antenatal care visits on child immunization. This study, therefore, sought to determine the factors associated with the first antenatal care visit and complete measles immunization coverage in children older than twelve months in Nigeria.
Methods
The study is a cross-sectional analysis of household sample demographic and health survey (DHS) in Nigeria from 2008 to 2013. It reviews reproductive-age females 15 to 49 years and their children older than 12 months. Data on gestational age at the first antenatal care (ANC) visit and measles immunization of children were checked. The logistic model was used to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted OR, while the Student, ANOVA, and linear regression model eased the evaluation of unadjusted and adjusted mean change in gestational age at the first antenatal care visit. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Data from 5968 females and 3994 children were sampled. The residence type was statistically significant with the age of the first antenatal visit. In univariate analysis, education attainment, wealth index, and occupation were statistically significant. Living in a rural area, wealth index, first ANC, and the child’s age (> 24) increased the odds of measles immunization statistically significantly in logistics regression. The observation was similar except for the wealth index in the multivariate analysis.
Conclusion
The woman’s education level, first ANC by a midwife, and the child’s age (> 24) are determinants of children’s complete measles immunization. These factors demand attention when addressing ANC and measles vaccination in Nigeria.
Research on Image Information Mining Needed for Multi-modal Knowledge Graph Construction and Application
Authors: Peng Jinghui , Hu Xinyu , Yang Jian , Li Yi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
An image is an important form of information transmission and contains a lot of effective information. With the explosive growth of multi-modal data represented by pictures, the multi-modal knowledge graph (MMKG) has become an effective means to manage and apply. It is necessary to obtain comprehensive and effective image data to construct a high-quality MMKG. This research focuses on the construction of MMKG, mainly from the analysis of graph structure and characteristics. Firstly, the structural characteristics and elements composition of the MMKG are described. Then, introduced the existing forms of image entity recognition, multi-features capture, scene graphs generation respectively, and description text generation is in the graph and summarized the main mining methods. Finally, analyzed several applications of image data in a commodity multi-modal knowledge graph.