bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control Strategies for Solution‐Processed ZTO‐Based Thin‐Film Transistors Tailored Toward Volatile Organic Compound Detection
Authors: Miller Lauren R. , Galán‐González Alejandro , Nicholson Ben , Bowen Leon , Monier Guillaume , Borthwick Robert J. , White Freddie , Saeed Mana , Thompson Richard L. , Robert‐Goumet Christine , Atkinson Del , Zeze Dagou A. , Chaudhry Mujeeb U. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA breakthrough in the fabrication of amorphous Zn‐Sn‐O (ZTO)‐based thin‐film transistors (TFTs) is presented for volatile organic compound (VOC) detection. The incorporation of highly abundant materials offers substantial economic and environmental benefits. However, analyses for the design of a multilayer channel are still limited. This work demonstrates that the chemical environment influences ZTO‐based TFTs' carrier transport properties and can be tailored for detecting specific VOCs, ensuring high specificity in diagnosing life‐threatening conditions through simple breath analysis. A low‐cost, high‐throughput, fully solution‐processed ZTO and ZnO multilayering strategy is adopted. The in‐depth compositional and morphological analyses reveal that low surface roughness, excellent Zn and Sn intermixing, high oxygen vacancy (31.2%), and M‐OH bonding (11.4%) contents may account for the outstanding electrical and sensing performance of ZTO‐ZTO TFTs. Notably, these TFTs achieve near‐zero threshold voltage (2.20 V), excellent switching properties (107), and high mobility (10 cm2V−1s−1). This results in high responsivity to alcohol vapors at low‐voltage operation with peak responsivity for methanol (R = 1.08 × 106) over two orders of magnitude greater than acetone. When miniaturized, these devices serve as easy‐to‐operate sensors, capable of detecting VOCs with high specificity in ambient conditions.
Efficacy and Safety Results With Rilzabrutinib, an Oral Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, in Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenia: Phase 2 Part B Study
Authors: Cooper Nichola , Jansen A. J. Gerard , Bird Robert , Mayer Jiří , Sholzberg Michelle , Tarantino Michael D. , Garg Mamta , Ypma Paula F. , McDonald Vickie , Percy Charles , Košťál Milan , Goncalves Isaac , Bogdanov Lachezar H. , Gernsheimer Terry B. , Diab Remco , Yao Mengjie , Daak Ahmed , Kuter David J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCurrent treatments for persistent or chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) are limited by inadequate response, toxicity, and impaired quality of life. The Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor rilzabrutinib was evaluated to further characterize safety and durability of platelet response. LUNA2 Part B is a multicenter, phase 1/2 study in adults with ITP (≥ 3 months duration, platelet count < 30 × 109/L) who failed ≥ 1 ITP therapy (NCT03395210, EudraCT 2017–004012‐19). Oral rilzabrutinib 400 mg bid was given over 24 weeks, with optional long‐term extension (LTE). Primary endpoints were safety and platelet counts ≥ 50 × 109/L on ≥ 8 of the last 12 weeks of main treatment without rescue medication. From 22 March2018 to 31 January2023, 26 patients were enrolled. Patients had baseline median platelet count 13 × 109/L, ITP duration 10.3 years, and six prior ITP therapies (46% splenectomized). Nine (35%) patients achieved the primary endpoint. Platelet counts ≥ 50 × 109/L or ≥ 30 × 109/L and doubling from baseline without rescue therapy were sustained for a mean 9.3 weeks. 11 (42%) LTE‐eligible patients were ongoing with median LTE platelet > 80 × 109/L. Three (12%) patients received rescue medication during main treatment, none in LTE. Clinically meaningful improvements were observed in fatigue and women's health. With a median treatment duration of 167 days (main treatment), 16 (62%) patients had ≥ 1 treatment‐related adverse event (AE), mainly grade 1, including diarrhea (35%), headache (23%), and nausea (15%). There was no treatment‐related grade ≥ 2 bleeding/thrombotic events/infections, serious AE, or death. Rilzabrutinib continues to demonstrate durable platelet responses with favorable safety profile in previously treated ITP patients.
Trial Registration: NCT03395210, EudraCT 2017‐004012‐19
Unraveling the neuroprotective effect of perampanel and lacosamide combination in the corneal kindling model for epilepsy in mice
Authors: Tehreem Saba , Sabir Azka , Farooq Maryam , Ashraf Waseem , Alqahtani Faleh , Ahmad Tanveer , Imran Imran 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundScientific evidence to guide clinicians on the use of different antiseizure drugs in combination therapy is either very limited or lacking. In this study, the impact of lacosamide and perampanel alone and in combination was tested in corneal kindling model in mice, which is a cost‐effective mechanism for screening of antiseizure drugs.MethodsThe impact of lacosamide (5 mg/kg) and perampanel (0.125 mg/kg) alone and their combination was tested in corneal kindling process (3‐mA current for 3 s applied twice daily for consecutive 12 days) in male BALB/c mice. Post‐kindling, mice were subjected to a battery of behavioral tests assessing anxiety, memory, and depression‐like behaviors. Brain tissues were then harvested for analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers.ResultsOur results showed that the combination therapy of lacosamide and perampanel was more effective in reducing seizure progression than monotherapy of these drugs. Animals treated with combination therapy showed significant behavioral improvements, as reduced anxiety and depression were noticed, and their cognitive abilities were notably better compared to animals of all other groups. Moreover, biochemical assays of isolated brains from combination‐treated group revealed lesser amount of oxidative stress. In addition, outcomes of dual regime were comparable to the phenytoin in seizure control but showed superior benefits in mitigation of kindling‐prompted behavioral dysfunction and oxidative stress.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the lacosamide and perampanel combination therapy worked noticeably better in halting the corneal kindling process in mice and improved the epilepsy‐associated psychiatric disorders that might be due to antioxidant effects of both drugs.
High‐throughput markerless pose estimation and home‐cage activity analysis of tree shrew using deep learning
Authors: Wang Yangzhen , Su Feng , Cong Rixu , Liu Mengna , Shan Kaichen , Li Xiaying , Zhu Desheng , Wei Yusheng , Dai Jiejie , Zhang Chen , Tian Yonglu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundQuantifying the rich home‐cage activities of tree shrews provides a reliable basis for understanding their daily routines and building disease models. However, due to the lack of effective behavioral methods, most efforts on tree shrew behavior are limited to simple measures, resulting in the loss of much behavioral information.MethodsTo address this issue, we present a deep learning (DL) approach to achieve markerless pose estimation and recognize multiple spontaneous behaviors of tree shrews, including drinking, eating, resting, and staying in the dark house, etc.ResultsThis high‐throughput approach can monitor the home‐cage activities of 16 tree shrews simultaneously over an extended period. Additionally, we demonstrated an innovative system with reliable apparatus, paradigms, and analysis methods for investigating food grasping behavior. The median duration for each bout of grasping was 0.20 s.ConclusionThis study provides an efficient tool for quantifying and understand tree shrews' natural behaviors
Separation of Ethanol–Water Azeotrope Using Waste Carrageenan Filter‐Cake Adsorbent
Authors: Flores Dharyl C. , Martin Alvin Mar V. , Tagalog Shaira Kyle M. , Tabañag Ian Dominic F. , Go Alchris W. , Cabatingan Luis K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe final step in the downstream processing of bioethanol is typically the removal of water from the ethanol–water azeotrope (95.6 wt.% ethanol) to obtain fuel‐grade ethanol (> 99 wt.%). This can be done by various techniques including distillation (azeotropic or extractive), membrane‐based separation, and adsorption using molecular sieves or bio‐based adsorbents. In this work, a waste by‐product of carrageenan production is studied for its efficacy as water adsorbent. This waste carrageenan filter‐cake (CFC) material is primarily composed of organics (22 wt.% cellulose and carrageenan) and ash (78 wt.% perlite) as inferred from the proximate analysis. The functional groups present in the material were identified by FTIR analyses, and the surface morphology was checked by FESEM. Liquid phase water adsorption isotherms at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C were established and were found to be adequately described by both Langmuir (R2 = 0.93 to 0.97) and Brouers‐Sotolongo (R2 = 0.96 to 0.97) models. An enthalpy change of adsorption of about −17 kJ/mol was computed through the van't Hoff equation. An azeotropic mixture (95.6 wt.% ethanol) was successfully purified to above 99.2 wt.% ethanol in a CFC‐packed column. The CFC adsorbent was used in three adsorption–desorption cycles without much loss in capacity. Moreover, the Thomas model adequately described the breakthrough curves.
Fabrication of Polytetrafluoroethylene Composite Membrane via Laser Perforating and Nanosilica Coating for Efficient Oil–Water Separation
Authors: Zhang Denan , Lyu Zhenbei , Peng Delian , Peng Wenhai , Xue Wei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOil/water separation membrane has attracted increasing attention due to the environmental issue caused by industrial oily wastewater and frequent oil spill incidents. Techniques for preparation of high‐performance membranes are still in need of advancing. In this work, an environment‐friendly polytetrafluoroethylene composite membrane was fabricated with a two‐step method, i.e., picosecond laser perforating and subsequent nano‐silica composite coating. The in‐air water contact angle of the prepared membrane was 0°, and the underwater oil contact angle was over 150°, showing excellent superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic properties and self‐cleaning performance. Results also showed that an average separation efficiency above 96% was obtained for the composite membrane for a variety of oil–water mixtures. The tailored wettability and separation efficiency remained after abrasion and corrosion tests, indicating good durability of the membrane in harsh environment.
Ermüdungsverhalten von Spannstahllitzen in UHFB
Authors: Lanwer Jan‐Paul , Empelmann Martin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractZur Untersuchung des Ermüdungsverhaltens von einbetonierten Spannstahllitzen wurden am iBMB der TU Braunschweig im Rahmen eines DIBt‐Forschungsvorhabens mehrere Serien von Dauerschwingversuchen an kleinformatigen Versuchskörpern durchgeführt. Darin wurden die Litzen in normalfesten Beton sowie in faserfreien ultrahochfesten Beton (UHFB) und faserbewehrten ultrahochfesten Beton (FBUHFB) einbetoniert und unter unterschiedlichen Schwingbreiten bis zum Erreichen der Ermüdungsfestigkeit geprüft. Die Versuchsergebnisse (Bruchlastspielzahlen) wurden in die Wöhlerlinie für Spannstahl im sofortigen Verbund nach EC2/NA eingeordnet. Im Mittel weisen die in faserfreiem UHFB einbetonierten Litzen zunächst geringere Bruchlastwechselzahlen auf als die in normalfestem Beton und faserbewehrtem ultrahochfestem Beton (FBUHFB) einbetonierten Litzen. Die Berechnungen der 5 %‐Quantile zeigen aber eine noch ausreichende Absicherung durch die Wöhlerlinie in EC2/NA.
Harnessing the ubiquitin proteasome system as a key player in stem cell biology
Authors: Atta Hind , Kassem Dina H. , Kamal Mohamed M. , Hamdy Nadia M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntracellular proteins take part in almost every body function; thus, protein homeostasis is of utmost importance. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) has a fundamental role in protein homeostasis. Its main role is to selectively eradicate impaired or misfolded proteins, thus halting any damage that could arise from the accumulation of these malfunctioning proteins. Proteasomes have a critical role in controlling protein homeostasis in all cell types, including stem cells. We will discuss the role of UPS enzymes as well as the 26S proteasome complex in stem cell biology from several angles. First, we shall overview common trends of proteasomal activity and gene expression of different proteasomal subunits and UPS enzymes upon passaging and differentiation of stem cells toward various cell lineages. Second, we shall explore the effect of modulating proteasomal activity in stem cells and navigate through the interrelation between proteasomes' activity and various proteasome‐related transcription factors. Third, we will shed light on curated microRNAs and long non‐coding RNAs using various bioinformatics tools that might have a possible role in regulating UPS in stem cells and possibly, upon manipulation, can enhance the differentiation process into different lineages and/or delay senescence upon cell passaging. This will help to decipher the role played by individual UPS enzymes and subunits as well as various interrelated molecular mediators in stem cells' maintenance and/or differentiation and open new avenues in stem cell research. This can ultimately provide a leap toward developing novel therapeutic interventions related to proteasome dysregulation.
Application of Multiple Base‐Editing Mediated by Polycistronic tRNA‐gRNA‐Processing System in Pig Cells
Authors: Zhao Wudi , Zhu Xiangxing , Huang Guobin , Gu Hao , Bi Yanzhen , Tang Dongsheng , Ren Hongyan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGene edited pigs have extensive and important application value in the fields of agriculture and biomedicine. With the increasing demand in medical research and agricultural markets, more and more application scenarios require gene edited pigs to possess two or even more advantageous phenotypes simultaneously. The current production of multi gene edited pigs is inefficient, time‐consuming, and costly, and there is an urgent need to develop efficient and accurate multi gene editing application technologies. The polycistronic tRNA‐gRNA‐processing system (PTG), developed based on endogenous tRNA self‐processing systems, has been shown to exhibit efficient multi gene editing in plants. This study aims to combine a PTG strategy with multiple gRNA production functions with an adenine base editor (ABE) to test its feasibility for efficient and precise multi gene base editing in pig cells. The results indicate that the PTG based integrated ABE plasmid can perform efficient base editing at multiple gene loci in pig cells. And while the gene editing efficiency was significantly improved, no indel and sgRNA dependent off target effects caused by DSB were detected. This work permit will provide a solid foundation for the production of multi gene edited pigs with agricultural and medical applications.
Highly blue‐emissive CBZ‐functionalized salen–In complexes: Influence of structural rigidity and donor substituent quantity
Authors: Kim Yoseph , Kim Jaehoon , Lee Ji Hye , Moon Hyeongkwon , Hwang Hyonseok , Lee Junseong , Kang Houng , Park Jun Hui , Kim Youngjo , Park Myung Hwan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIndium–salen complexes with electron‐donating carbazole (CBZ) groups at positions 4 (CBZIn1) and both 4 and 6 (CBZIn2) were synthesized and characterized to explore the impact of the number of substituents and the structural rigidity on their photophysical properties. The single‐crystal structure of CBZIn2 revealed highly twisted arrangements between the CBZ groups and salen moieties, with torsion angles of 80°–81° at 6‐position and 45°–47° at 4‐position. The In center adopted a nearly square‐pyramidal geometry. Both complexes displayed blue fluorescence in toluene at 298 K and in rigid environments (toluene at 77 K and in films), with emission originating from intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) transitions. The photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of CBZIn1 and CBZIn2 were low in solution but significantly higher in rigid states. Notably, the film‐state PLQY of CBZIn2 (78.7%) was over eight times greater than that of CBZIn1 (9.0%). A similar trend was observed in toluene at 77 K. These results highlight the positive influence of structural rigidity and a great number of CBZ donors on ICT‐based radiative decay. The experimental observations were consistent with computational predictions, further supporting the proposed mechanism.
Transgender History, Part I: An Anthropology of Gender‐Nonconformity Across Ages and Cultures
Authors: Fontenele Rodrigo , Abi Zeid Daou Margarita 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTransgender experiences have been attested since the dawn of civilization. Long before gender was reinterpreted as socially constructed and non‐binary by 20th‐century Western scholarship, concepts such as not belonging to the gender assigned at birth, transitioning, and being “neither a man nor a woman” integrated the belief systems and practices of various societies worldwide. This review examines anthropological and historical records of trans, non‐binary, and gender‐nonconforming behavior spanning six continents and five millennia. Moreover, we investigate how trans experiences interact with local traditions, family structures, laws, religions, and other social institutions. Finally, we explore trans‐inclusive historiographical trends and discuss the relevance of transgender history awareness for professional and academic endeavors beyond the social sciences.
Relative Impact of Underreporting and Desistance on the Dark Figure of Sexual Recidivism
Authors: Scurich Nicholas , John Richard S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSexual recidivism rates based on arrests or convictions underestimate actual reoffending due to underreporting. A previous Monte Carlo simulation estimated actual recidivism rates under various reporting and conviction assumptions but did not account for desistance—the decreasing likelihood of reoffending over time. This study addresses that gap by incorporating a 12.3% annual desistance rate (from a well‐known empirical study) and exploring its impact alongside varying charge rates (100%–5%). The results showed that reductions in charge rates lead to disproportionately large increases in recidivism. For instance, lowering the charge rate from 50% to 25% results in a much larger increase in actual recidivism than reducing it from 100% to 75%, despite both being 25% reductions. This indicates that as charge rates decrease, actual recidivism grows more sharply. A sensitivity analysis also examined desistance rates of 0%, 5%, 12.3%, and 20%. Higher desistance rates cause reoffending to occur earlier but have little impact on long‐term totals. Over 25 years, reoffending rates remain similar across desistance rates, suggesting desistance affects the timing, but not the overall amount of reoffending.
Elastic Recoil and Deployment Asymmetry of the Transcatheter Heart Valve in Bicuspid Versus Tricuspid Anatomy
Authors: Iskandar Odette , Layoun Habib , Ramu Shivabalan Kathavarayan , Vannan Judah Rajendran Ravi Raja Malar , Asala Elian Abou , Bhalla Jaideep Singh , Ghandakly Elizabeth , Besir Besir , Yun James , Reed Grant , Puri Rishi , Harb Serge , Krishnaswamy Amar , Kapadia Samir R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundData supporting the use of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is limited compared to tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) anatomy, as the BAV anatomy poses unique challenges to prosthesis expansion and symmetric deployment.AimsWe aim to compare the acute recoil and asymmetry of the SAPIEN‐3 valve between BAV and TAV anatomies and their impact on procedural outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center study of patients who underwent TAVR with the SAPIEN‐3 valve. We measured acute recoil, deployment asymmetry, and length asymmetry from intraprocedural angiogram before and after postdilation, as well as before and after predilation. Hemodynamic and procedural outcomes were studied.ResultsAmong 946 patients, 9% had BAV. In the RAO view, BAV patients had significantly higher absolute and relative acute recoil across all diameters, while in the LAO view, only central diameter relative recoil was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Deployment asymmetry was more common in BAV patients with an OR of 1.88 (CI 1.19, 2.96; p = 0.01). Predilation reduced both length and deployment asymmetry in RAO and LAO views for TAV and BAV patients (p < 0.001). Postdilation significantly reduced acute valve recoil in both groups (p = 0.002 and p = 0.032). Hemodynamic outcomes were comparable between TAV and BAV patients, and there were no significant associations between deployment or length asymmetry and procedural outcomes.ConclusionsAcute recoil, deployment asymmetry, and length asymmetry are common in BAV patients but do not affect short‐term clinical outcomes or hemodynamics.
Numerical Study on the Intensification of 3D Fluidized Bed Flue Gas Desulfurization Process by Multi‐Jet Structure
Authors: Yang Huimin , Wang Shuai , Wu Shengxiao , Jin Jiao , Wu Feng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere are problems such as short residence time, high particle packing density, and insufficient interphase contact in traditional fluidized beds (FBs), which greatly reduce the efficiency of the reactor. Based on this issue, this article simulates and analyzes the flow field characteristics in a 3D FB with different inlet angles (45°, 90°, 102.5°). The results show that in an FB with an inlet angle of 90°, the radial distribution of particles is uniform, and the best interphase mixing effect is achieved. On the basis of the traditional FB, a 3D multi‐jet FB (MJFB) structure was designed to study the semi‐dry flue gas desulfurization process. The results show that the multi‐jet structure enhances the turbulence of gas and the radial pulsation of gas–liquid–solid three‐phase, improving the phenomenon of uneven radial distribution of solid particles. In addition, the heat transfer coefficient between the phases has been improved. Compared with FB, the moisture content of MJFB outlet flue gas increased by 33.69 %, and the multi‐jet structure reduced the sulfur content of outlet flue gas, which helps to improve desulfurization efficiency.
A Unique Case of ′in Situ’ Bifluoride Triggered Formation of Supramolecular Organogels Using Isophthalamide Hydrogen Bond Donating Receptors.
Authors: Picci Giacomo , D'Anna Francesca , Marullo Salvatore , Montis Riccardo , Lippolis Vito , Orton James , Coles Simon , Frontera Antonio , Gomila Rosa M. , Caltagirone Claudia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA novel isopthalamide based receptor H2L2 featuring two p‐benzoic acid units has been synthesised and its anion binding properties analysed by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy in DMSO‐d6/0.5 % H2O. As expected, in the presence of tetrabutylammonium (TBA) fluoride the deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moieties was observed. However, the deprotonated receptor L22− was able to bind the in situ formed HF2− via the formation of H‐bonds with the amide NHs. When H2L2 was dissolved in THF and 4 equivalents of TBAF were added in CH3CN a unique sol‐gel transition occurred giving rise to a stable thixotropic supramolecular gel. Theoretical calculations elucidated the gelation mechanism and strongly support the findings observed experimentally.