bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inspección Visual con Ácido Acético y Papanicolaou para Detección de Lesiones Cervicales en una Comunidad Urbana de Guayaquil
Authors: Zerna Cruz Marisol , Calle Cáceres Amarilis , Álvarez Reyes Shayra , Valarezo Laínez Manuel , Kou Juana 
Published: December 2023

Introducción: El cáncer de cuello uterino es un problema de salud pública sobre todo en países en desarrollo. El Ecuador, no es ajeno a esta realidad por lo que es una prioridad continuar buscando alternativas de solución al problema a través de estrategias accesibles y medios sencillos como la inspección visual con ácido acético (IVAA) y Papanicolaou (PAP), siendo estas pruebas las más recomendadas. El valor diagnóstico de estas pruebas de tamizaje usuales como el PAP e IVAA, aún son objeto de estudio en algunos países latinos. Objetivo: Comparar la validez diagnóstica de la inspección visual con ácido acético (IVAA), la citología cervical (Papanicolaou) y la asociación de ambas, en la detección de lesiones intraepiteliales (LIE) de cuello uterino. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en pacientes atendidas en una comunidad urbana de Guayaquil - Ecuador desde enero -agosto del 2023 tomando en el mismo procedimiento el Papanicolaou y la prueba de la inspección visual a simple vista con mota de algodón empapada con ácido acético al 5% a quienes presentaron resultados IVAA positivo o negativo y seguidamente, luego de una espera de 10 días para el resultado PAP, se compararon con tablas de contingencia en programa estadístico los resultados positivos y negativos por parte de una lectura inicial de la IVAA y con resultados de PAP tanto positivo de parte y parte pasaron a confirmación con colposcopia. Resultados: La prueba de Papanicolaou presentó una sensibilidad de 67,9%, una especificidad de 73,8%, un valor predictivo positivo de 68,1% y un valor predictivo negativo de 67,3%; mientras que el IVAA alcanzó una sensibilidad de 71,4%, una especificidad con resultado más bajo 60,5%, un valor predictivo positivo de 50,0% y un valor predictivo negativo de 56,8%. El resultado de pacientes con Lesiones intraepiteliales (LIE) se verificó los resultados mediante biopsia cervical, Conclusiones: El Papanicolaou constituye aún una prueba importante para la detección de las lesiones de cuello uterino, pero en paciente con lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado son muy comparables la IVAA y PAP.
Recruiting PE Teachers Based on Regional Socio-Economic Status Evaluation and Recommendation Algorithm
Authors: Long Haitao , Lu Yinfu 
Published: December 2023

The most important step in creating a teaching force for physical education (PE) is finding enough qualified teachers. In order to better absorb the PE teaching talents who are more suitable for the job requirements, the ability variables of sports talents, the expected regional social and economic status, and historical data are considered, the intelligent matching of talents and positions is made, and the Bayesian variational network recommendation model considering the needs are constructed. According to the experimental findings, this model's highest recommendation accuracy in the normal scenario is 0.5888 and its maximum recommendation accuracy in the training and test sets is roughly 0.6 and 0.68. The model has good convergence and high accuracy of recommendation, which is conducive to matching PE teaching talents and teaching positions, providing job seekers with positions that meet their needs, providing teaching talents to meet the requirements, and creating a team of PE teachers that match people and posts.
Temporal and Spectral Properties of the Persistent Radio Source Associated with FRB 20190520B with the VLA
Authors: Zhang Xian , Yu Wenfei , Law Casey , Li Di , Chatterjee Shami , Demorest Paul , Yan Zhen , Niu Chenhui , Aggarwal Kshitij , Anna-Thomas Reshma , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Connor Liam , Tsai Chao-Wei , Zhu Weiwei , Luo Gan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Among more than 800 known fast radio bursts (FRBs), only two, namely FRB 20121102A and FRB 20190520B, are confirmed to be associated with persistent radio sources (PRSs). Here, we report evidence of apparent temporal variability in the PRS associated with the bursting FRB 20190520B based on Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array observations taken in 2020 and 2021. Based on the analysis of the epoch-to-epoch variability of the PRS at the L, S, C, and X bands (1–12 GHz), we detected not only overall marginal variability, but also a likely radio flux decrease (σ ∼ 3.2) between the observations taken in 2020 and 2021 at 3 GHz. Assuming no spectral variation in the PRS during these observations, we found evidence for an overall broadband radio flux decrease by about 20% between the 2020 and the 2021 observations, suggesting that the PRS probably evolves on a yearly timescale. If we attribute the marginal variability at 3 GHz as intrinsic or due to scintillation, the size of the potential variable component of the PRS is constrained to be subparsec. On the other hand, the size of the PRS can be also constrained to ≳0.22 pc from the time-averaged radio spectrum and the integrated radio luminosity in the 1–12 GHz band, based on equipartition and self-absorption arguments. We discuss the potential origins of the PRS and suggest that an accreting compact object origin might be able to explain the PRS’s temporal and spectral properties. Confirmation of the variability or flux decline of the PRS will be critical for our understanding of the PRS and its relation to the bursting source.
Nigeria : Boko Haram, les chrétiens... et les autres
Authors: Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine 
Published: December 2023

Les violences de la secte « islamiste » Boko Haram contre les chrétiens au Nigeria pourraient laisser croire à une manifestation du « choc des civilisations ». Mais la réalité est plus complexe. Il faut prendre en compte la situation globale du pays, économiquement très hétérogène et gangréné par la corruption.
Identité nationale et identité européenne
Authors: Castillo Monique 
Published: December 2023

La confiance en soi est nécessaire à l’avenir de l’Europe. Bien qu’il soit banal de penser que la crise qui frappe l’Europe est d’ordre économique, chacun a le sentiment qu’il s’agit, bien plus profondément, d’une crise de confiance dans les institutions et dans les hommes qui les incarnent. La nature culturelle de la crise se révèle dans l’impossibilité de se ressourcer collectivement dans une même confiance en soi.
Une politique hybride de développement
Authors: de Charentenay Pierre 
Published: December 2023

La notion de développement nécessite d’être repensée. Ni la transposition du modèle occidental, ni le seul appui sur les traditions locales ne sont satisfaisants. La solution semble être une position intermédiaire, « hybride », qui intègre les réalités culturelles locales, y compris religieuses, dans le cadre d’institutions étatiques fortes.
Les nouvelles figures de l'autorité
Authors: Arènes Jacques 
Published: December 2023

Les instances traditionnelles d’autorité, qui étaient aussi celles de la transmission, dans la famille, l’école, la religion, le monde du travail, la politique, souffrent d’une crise de légitimité ; cependant que de nouveaux espaces sociaux se créent, de nouvelles figures d’autorité émergent.
La fin des droits de l'homme ?
Authors: Jeangène Vilmer Jean-Baptiste 
Published: December 2023

Plusieurs facteurs portent à la mise en question des droits de l’homme dans le monde : progression des régimes autoritaires, affaiblissement moral de l’Occident, crise des institutions internationales, etc. Mais il apparaît à l’examen que leur prétendu déclin est plutôt une crise de croissance. La démocratie libérale et le respect des droits humains répondent davantage aux aspirations des populations. Il importe d’en faire un des critères non pas d’affichage mais de détermination de la politique étrangère de la France.
Des astronefs dans la littérature
Authors: Mannooretonil Agnès 
Published: December 2023

La littérature de science-fiction semble victime d’une injustice durable. Ses meilleures œuvres, celles dont le génie créatif ou le caractère visionnaire est reconnu de tous, tendent à être récupérées par la littérature générale, dite « littérature blanche » par les amateurs de science-fiction. Ces deux littératures ne se situent-elles pas du même côté de la magie ?
L’énergie contre l’alimentation
Authors: Petit Michel 
Published: December 2023

La transition énergétique pose de redoutables défis. Peut-on à la fois accroître la production agricole, afin de fournir alimentation et ressources énergétiques (biocarburants), réduire la pauvreté et protéger l’environnement ? L’exemple de l’évolution du prix du maïs est significatif de la complexité des enjeux.
Le projet d’entreprise
Authors: Segretain Philippe 
Published: December 2023

L’entreprise, collectif paradoxal, est fondée par ses actionnaires mais ne crée de la richesse que parce qu’elle appartient aussi à ses salariés, son encadrement et son marché. Le projet d’entreprise peut être le récit qui décrit ce lien. À quelles conditions est-il un outil de reconnaissance des travailleurs et non un élément instrumentalisant les valeurs déclarées ?
La rencontre mondiale des mouvements populaires au Vatican
Authors: Czerny Michael , Foglizzo Paolo , Faux Jean-Marie 
Published: December 2023

La rencontre des mouvements populaires « est un signe, un grand signe », a affirmé le pape en recevant leurs représentants au Vatican le 28 octobre 2014. Que recouvre l’expression « mouvements populaires » ? Comment est née l’idée de les inviter au Vatican et comment s’est passée la rencontre ? Mais surtout : ce signe, que nous fait-il découvrir de la direction dans laquelle le pape François invite l’Église et le monde à se mettre en chemin ?
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of a Combination of Tamsulosin and Mirabegron versus Tamsulosin Alone in the Management of Overactive Bladder in Males with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms – TAME-Overactive Bladder: An Open-labeled Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Anwar Azhar , Gorka Vivek , Chahal Harmandeep Singh , Sharma Sandeep , Tandon Sunit , Singhal Naman , Narwade Pankaj Chandrakant , Chauhan Nikhil , Bansal Namita , Kaur Simran 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition in elderly men with coexisting benign prostatic enlargement (BPE), and it significantly impairs their quality of life (QoL).

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of adding beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist (mirabegron 50 mg) to tamsulosin 0.4 mg for symptomatic men with BPE and OAB symptoms (OABS).

Materials and Methods:
It was an open-labeled randomized controlled trial. Ninety men with BPE and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of more than seven with predominant OABS were enrolled for the study. A detailed history, uroflowmetry, and baseline scores, including IPSS, OABS score (OABSS), and QoL assessment, were done for each patient. After written informed consent, patients were randomized into two groups of 45 each. Group-1 received tamsulosin 0.4 mg and placebo, and Group-2 received a combination of tamsulosin 0.4 mg plus mirabegron 50 mg once daily at bedtime. Follow-up of patients was done at 2nd, 4th, and 8th weeks. Efficacy at 8 weeks was assessed using repeat history for symptoms, uroflowmetry, IPSS, OABSS, and QoL score.

Results:
After 8 weeks of therapy, collected data were compared to baseline parameters in both groups. Significant improvement with respect to OABSS (P = 0.046), IPSS (P = 0.006), and QoL (P = 0.038) was observed with combination therapy versus tamsulosin alone. There were mild adverse effects, which were self-limiting.

Conclusions:
A combination of tamsulosin with mirabegron is effective and safe in improving the OABSS, IPSS, and QoL in men with BPE who have predominant OABS.
Diagnostic Efficacy of New Xpert Ultra for Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Using Culture and Composite Reference Standard
Authors: Chaudhary Jyoti , Chawla Divjot Singh , Gupta Veenu , Singh Akashdeep , Aggarwal Manisha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Xpert Ultra (Cepheid, USA) is recently introduced with an extra category of trace-positive results and higher sensitivity for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert Ultra for extrapulmonary samples using culture and composite reference standard (CRS) as the gold standard.

Materials and Methods:
In a 1-year (March 2021–22) prospective observational study, samples of suspected extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) patients were subjected to Ziehl–Neelsen staining, culture, and Xpert Ultra (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA) tests. Relevant clinical and treatment information was noted. The diagnostic accuracy of Xpert Ultra compared with culture and CRS was calculated.

Results:
Out of 1720 suspected patients of EPTB, 223 (13%), predominantly males 135 (60%), with a mean age of 41.46 ± 19.81 years, were diagnosed as TB positive following CRS criteria. The maximum cases were of pleural TB (35.4%), followed by central nervous system TB (17.9%), gastrointestinal TB (17.5%), and lymph node TB (12.1%). Of all samples, 150 (8.7%) were microbiologically confirmed, including 141 detected by Xpert ultra, 67 culture positive, and only 16 smear positive. Among the Xpert Ultra-positive samples, 35 showed trace results, including six false-positive results. Considering culture and CRS as the gold standard, the sensitivity (86.57%, 59.64%) and specificity (94.98%, 99.47%) of Xpert Ultra were calculated, respectively. Rifampicin resistance was detected in 1 (0.70%) sample.

Conclusion:
Diagnosis of EPTB is a challenge and Xpert Ultra may detect TB at a very early stage. However, it is essential to rule out false-positive results. Additional studies are needed on Xpert Ultra to interpret trace results better.
Comparative Evaluation of Demineralizing Resistance over Deciduous Teeth Enamel Using Silver Diamine Fluoride and Fluoride Varnish
Authors: Dutta Arpita , Acharya Sonu , Mohanty Susant , Chandak Ankita , Sahoo Dipmalla , Acharya Sheetal 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
Dental caries pose a significant concern among pediatric populations and can substantially impact a child's overall health. The application of topical fluoride in different forms has been an accurate strategy for combating decay on a global scale. The work done here aims to compare the outcomes of using topical fluoride therapy and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on deciduous tooth enamel.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 nondecayed anterior deciduous teeth were collected from patients undergoing tooth extraction due to exfoliation or retained deciduous teeth. Following crown removal using diamond disks, the enamel samples were affixed to acrylic blocks, exposing the buccal (outer) surface. Baseline surface microhardness measurements were acquired for all enamel samples. The specimens were then randomly assigned to three groups, each comprising twenty samples: the control group (C) treated with distilled and deionized water, the fluoridated varnish group (V) treated with fluoride varnish, and the SDF group treated with SDF solution. Subsequent to exposure to pH-cycling solutions, microhardness measurements were taken again to evaluate changes in enamel hardness.

Results:
The group treated with fluoride varnish exhibited the highest mean enamel microhardness, measuring 251.80 ± 56.10. The SDF group displayed a mean enamel microhardness of 226.75 ± 60.25, while the control group (treated with distilled and deionized water) showcased the lowest mean enamel microhardness of 207.75 ± 35.19.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this study determined that the fluoride varnish group demonstrated a more effective resistance to enamel demineralization compared to the SDF group. These findings suggest that topical fluoride therapy in the form of varnish is more successful in preventing dental caries in deciduous tooth enamel when compared to treatment with SDF.
Development and Validation of “OHL-Ortho” Measurement Tool and Causal Model of Oral Health Behavior among Adult Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Thirasupa Neeranart , Intarakamhang Ungsinun , Kasevayuth Kasekarn 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
Oral health literacy (OHL) significantly influences oral health behavior (OHB) and plays a crucial role in effective oral health promotion and achieving improved outcomes. This research aims to develop a measurement tool for evaluating OHL, named “OHL-Ortho,” and OHB in orthodontic patients. Furthermore, the study explores the extended causal relationship model from OHL to OHB.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted between February and June 2023 among Thai working-age adults undergoing fixed orthodontic appliances. Participants were randomly selected and stratified from diverse healthcare facilities. OHL and OHB questionnaires were developed and subjected to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were utilized to analyze data and evaluate the causal relationship between OHL and OHB.

Results:
The sample consisted of 321 participants, with an average age of 28.44 ± 7.56 years. Regarding construct validity, the 31-item OHL Scale achieved an overall Cronbach α of 0.97, with factor loadings ranging from 0.52 to 0.85. Similarly, the 14-item OHB Scale achieved an overall Cronbach α of 0.89, displaying factor loadings ranging from 0.42 to 0.64. Additionally, the causal relationship model of OHB aligned with empirical data, indicating that OHL exhibited a highly significant positive direct effect on OHB at a level of 0.01 (effect size = 0.81), explaining 66.00% of the variance in OHB.

Conclusion:
The developed scales serve as high-quality assessment tools for healthcare providers. The study underscores the significant impact of OHL on OHB among orthodontic patients.
Evaluation of Root Biomodification as an Adjunct to Platelet-Rich Fibrin Versus Amniotic Membrane and Coronally Advanced Flap in Class I and Class Ii Gingival Recession Defects
Authors: Kumar Rodda A. , Koduganti Rekha R. 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
This study aimed to compare the effects of root bio modification only with coronally advanced flap (CAF; control group) versus placement of either platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) or amniotic membrane (AM) after root biomodification (test groups) using the CAF technique in class I or class II gingival recession defects. Hence, this study evaluated the role of root biomodification alone and as an adjunct with PRF or AM membrane in class I and class II gingival recessions.

Materials and Methods:
This was a randomized, parallel-arm, clinical trial conducted on 24 patients. Subjects were equally divided into three groups. Patients in group 3 (control group) were treated with CAF alone and hyaluronic acid (HA) root conditioning and those in group 2 underwent CAF with AM and HA root conditioning whereas those in group 1 underwent CAF with PRF and HA root conditioning for class I or class II gingival recessions. The clinical variables were assessed pre and 3 months and 6 months postsurgery. The visual analog scale (VAS) was assessed on the 10th and 30th day, postsurgery. Intragroup analysis was done by repeated one-way analysis of variance test followed by Bonferoni's multiple comparisons test. Intergroup comparison used repeated two-way analysis of variance test for continuous data. All P value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:
A comparison within the groups yielded insignificant results in group 3 (control group), whereas in group 1 (PRF + HA root conditioning) the probing depth (PD) and percentage root coverage (PRC) values did not improve significantly and in group 2 (AM + HA root conditioning) the PRC values did not show significant improvement. Between the groups, however, it was observed that the test groups 1 and 2 performed better than the control group related to all the clinical parameters and the VAS scores reflected superior results in group 2.

Conclusion:
CAF was effective as a treatment modality. The test group yielded a better percentage of root coverage than the control group, though statistically insignificant.
Genetic Polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GPX1 Genes and Smoking Susceptibility in the Saudi Population
Authors: Al-Zahrani Maryam Hassan , Almutairi Nawal Marzoog 
Published: December 2023

Background/Objective/Methods:
Glutathione-S-transferase Mu1 (GSTM1) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) are known antioxidant enzymes that help protect cells from the oxidative damage that occurs from smoking. This study explored the correlation between GSTM1 and GPX1 levels between a group of smokers with the GSTM1 and GPX1 genes in the Saudi population and a control group and investigated the genetic risk factors in the group of smokers.

Results:
The control and smokers’ group (n = 50; aged 22.3 ± 3.1 years; BMI 24.6 ± 5.9 kg/m
2
) were genotyped using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In comparison with the control group, the smokers’ group displayed a different genotype disruption of GSTM1 and GPX1. Carriers of the homozygous (TT) genotype of GSTM1 had more than a twofold (OR = 2.71, 95% CI = 0.10–70.79, P = 1.000) smoking risk than the carriers of the heterozygous (CT) genotype. Those with the GPX1 gene showed no risk in the control and smokers’ groups. Smokers with the TT/GG combination (homozygous for GPX1 and normal for GPX1) were identified as high risk (OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 0.096–69.341).

Conclusion:
The main outcomes showed no significant association between genetic polymorphism of the GSTM1 and GPX1 genes and cigarette smoking in the Saudi Arabian population. However, the results showed a slight decrease in the number of GSTM1 and GPX1 gene modifications among smokers.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Jos: Prospects and perspectives
Authors: Ale Alexander Femi , Peter Solomon D. , Ismaila Bashiru O. , Misauno Michael A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now done in a lot more private and public hospital settings presently in low-income countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. Though it is not routinely done in these centres, the percentage of cholecystectomies done laparoscopically has increased over the years. Laparoscopic surgery services were introduced at our hospital in 2011 and this retrospective study reviews our outcomes with the procedure over a 6-year period. A total of 87 cholecystectomies were done in the period under review. Forty-eight (55.2%) were laparoscopic cholecystectomies, 30 (44.8%) were open cholecystectomies, and 9 (10.3%) were mini-laparotomy cholecystectomies. There were 32 (66.7%) women and 16 (33.3%) men who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy giving a male-to-female ratio of 1:2. The mean age of the patients was 41.0 years (SD = 14.3 years). The most common indication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy was calculous cholecystitis. The most common co-morbidity was hypertension in 23 (47.9%) patients, followed by sickle cell anaemia in 10 (20.8%) patients. The operating time ranged from 70 min to 120 min with a mean of 86.6 (SD = 14.5). There were three conversions and two intra-operative complications. Twenty-five patients (52.1%) were discharged within 24 h, 16 (33.3%) within 48 h and the rest (14.6%) were discharged later. The duration of surgery had a significant association with duration of hospital stay. There was 1 mortality in our study. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers unique advantages over open such as decreased length of hospital stay and reduced wound complications. Most of the cholecystectomies in our setting are now performed laparoscopically with a low conversion rate and low incidence of bile duct injuries. Patients with sickle cell disease constitute a significant percentage of patients requiring this procedure.