bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescent health care and perceptions in a provincial hospital in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Suwary Leilani , Frank Dale , Oswyn Gilchrist , Rero Allanie , Duke Trevor 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesAdolescents make up an estimated 22 % of the 11.8 million population of Papua New Guinea (PNG), yet, as in many low and middle income countries, there are limited specific services for adolescents, who in traditional health service design fall between paediatric and adult patients. With more survivors of chronic illnesses, including tuberculosis and HIV, congenital and acquired heart disease, epilepsy and cerebral palsy, diabetes, cancer and other chronic conditions, there are gaps in the care of such young people, and in their eventual transition to adult services. Moreover, traditional health service design rarely addresses many adolescent health concerns – mental health, self-esteem, substance use, and adolescent-friendly sexual and reproductive health. This study, amongst a cohort cared for in a provincial hospital in Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, aimed to explore the perceptions of adolescents on the health care they receive, and their views on their health priorities.MethodsA qualitative study was carried out from April to August 2022, amongst adolescents (persons aged 10–19 years) attending or admitted to Alotau Provincial Hospital. Data were collected via semi-structured wide-ranging interviews, and contextual data obtained from their medical charts. Thematic data analysis was done.ResultsFifty-four adolescents were interviewed. Adolescents were generally content with the care they received, although many raised concerns regarding feeling out of place in a ward with older adults or infants, and staff attitudes towards them including not directly communicating. Forty four adolescents preferred an adolescent-friendly setting, as opposed to the adult or children’s wards, stating that it would allow for positive peer-interaction, improve their experience in the hospital, and improve the quality of health care received. Many adolescents with chronic illnesses had concerns regarding loneliness and isolation, and uncertainty of their future. Pregnant adolescents highlighted the lack of education on sexual and reproductive health, and experiences of gender-based violence.ConclusionsThis study shows that adolescents can perceive the need for adolescent-friendly health services and advocate for improvement in the quality of health care they receive, and the breadth of adolescent health care concerns.
Boldine: a narrative review of the bioactive compound with versatile biological and pharmacological potential
Authors: Lamba Deepak , Dwivedi Durgesh Kumar , Yadav Monu , Kumar YR Sanjaya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
Boldine is a plant-derived bioactive compound that has a beneficial impact on human health. Boldine is an aporphine alkaloid mainly obtained from the leaves and bark of the Chilean Boldo tree (Peumus boldus, Family: Monimiaceae). There are plenty of preclinical evidence supports that boldine exerts its beneficial effects against various diseases. Lumiskin™, a patented and marketed formulation by Revitol Skincare for skin brightening, contains Dicetyl boldine, a boldine derivative.

Content
All the available information on the Chilean boldo tree (P. boldus Molina) species was actualized by systematically searching the scientific databases (PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and others) and scientific literature. This article covers the recent advances in pharmacokinetic, toxicological, pharmacological/biological activities, and molecular mechanisms of the bioactive compound to understand health benefits of boldine better.

Summary
Boldine exerts antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-diabetic, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-epileptic, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, anti-arthritis, anticancer and nootropic effects. Moreover, boldine exhibits its various pharmacological activities by altering antioxidant parameters (MDA, superoxide dismutase, glutathione), peroxynitrite, inflammatory markers apoptotic index, caspase-3, acetyl-cholinesterase, myeloperoxidase, TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-α), iNOS, Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), ACE-1(Angiotensin-converting enzyme-1), dopamine D2 receptors and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Boldine has the potential to modulate a variety of biological networks.

Outlook
Due to its versatile pharmacological effects reported in various experimental animals as well as in randomized clinical trials for the treatment of facial melasma and for treatment of urinary stone lithotripsy in children as a complementary phytotherapy; in the future, this compound might be developed as a novel drug for a different indication
Factors associated with neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, a case-control study
Authors: Rattanasakol Thanaporn , Kitsommart Ratchada 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to identify perinatal risk factors associated with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in neonates. Secondary objectives included an examination of clinical and biochemical characteristics at the time of diagnosis and an exploration of the duration of diazoxide therapy.

Methods
A case-control study was conducted, involving individual chart reviews of inborn infants diagnosed with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (the HH group) between 2014 and 2021. These cases were paired with controls (the non-HH group) belonging to the same gestational age (GA) strata who did not exhibit HH or only had transient postnatal hypoglycemia.

Results
A total of 52 infants with HH were matched with corresponding controls. The mean GA in the HH group was 34.4 ± 3.1 weeks. Notably, the HH group exhibited lower mean minimum plasma glucose (PG) levels and required higher glucose infusion rates in comparison to the non-HH group (26.5 ± 15.6 vs. 49.1 ± 37.7 mg/dL and 12.9 ± 3.8 vs. 5.7 ± 2.1 mg/kg/min, respectively; p<0.001 for both). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, only two variables, fetal growth restriction (FGR) and neonatal sepsis, demonstrated significant associations with HH (adjusted odds ratio [95 % confidence interval]: 8.1 [2.1–31.0], p=0.002 and 6.3 [1.9–21.4], p=0.003, respectively). The median duration of diazoxide therapy for the HH group was 4 months.

Conclusions
FGR and neonatal sepsis emerged as notable risk factors for HH. These infants exhibited lower PG levels and necessitated higher glucose infusion rates compared to their non-HH counterparts. Importantly, a substantial proportion of the HH group received diazoxide therapy, with a median treatment duration of 4 months.
Magnetospectroscopy of shallow donors in two dimensions in the presence of fluctuations of the electrostatic potential
Authors: Karpierz Krzysztof , Szot Michał , Wojtowicz Tomasz , Łusakowski Jerzy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Spectroscopy of shallow donors is a tool to test theoretical models and to reveal properties of semiconductors. In this work we consider intra-shallow impurity transitions by studying a CdTe/(Cd, Mg)Te structure grown by a molecular beam epitaxy in which both a CdTe quantum well and (Cd, Mg)Te barries are uniformly doped with iodine donors. Measurements of a photocurrent (PC) at the far-infrared were carried out at 4.2 K and magnetic fields B up to 7 T with the energy of photons originated from a molecular laser in the range 2.2 meV–12.8 meV. Spectra (a PC signal vs. B, at a constant energy of photons) show lines which position does not depend on the photon energy but shifts with the in-plane electric field. These dependencies, which do not follow a well-established picture of shallow donor magnetospectroscopy in quantum wells, are explained within a model which unifies the role of fluctuations of the electrostatic potential and a magnetic-field induced electron localization.
Few-emitter lasing in single ultra-small nanocavities
Authors: Ojambati Oluwafemi S. , Arnardóttir Kristín B. , Lovett Brendon W. , Keeling Jonathan , Baumberg Jeremy J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Lasers are ubiquitous for information storage, processing, communications, sensing, biological research and medical applications. To decrease their energy and materials usage, a key quest is to miniaturise lasers down to nanocavities. Obtaining the smallest mode volumes demands plasmonic nanocavities, but for these, gain comes from only a single or few emitters. Until now, lasing in such devices was unobtainable due to low gain and high cavity losses. Here, we demonstrate a form of ‘few emitter lasing’ in a plasmonic nanocavity approaching the single-molecule emitter regime. The few-emitter lasing transition significantly broadens, and depends on the number of molecules and their individual locations. We show this non-standard few-emitter lasing can be understood by developing a theoretical approach extending previous weak-coupling theories. Our work paves the way for developing nanolaser applications as well as fundamental studies at the limit of few emitters.
Impact of mulching and planting time on spring-wheat (Triticum aestivum) growth: A combined field experiment and empirical modeling approach
Authors: Alhassan Abdul-Rauf Malimanga 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effect of straw-mulching and sowing time on spring-wheat growth and also evaluate the suitability of nonlinear models (Logistic, Gompertz, Richards and Weibull models) in forecasting crop growth. The experiment followed a factorial design with two factors: three planting times (early, normal and late sowing times) at two different straw-mulching rates (3.75 t/ha straw [mulch] and 0 t/ha straw [no-mulch]). The following treatments were established from these factors: (1) early sowing without straw-mulch (ESW-T), (2) early sowing with straw-mulch (ESW-TS), (3) normal sowing without straw-mulch (NSW-T), (4) normal sowing with straw-mulch (NSW-TS), (5) late sowing without straw-mulch (LSW-T) and (6) late sowing with straw-mulch (LSW-TS). The results showed that, generally mulching improved soil water storage and enhanced biomass growth while early sowing combined with mulching (ESW-TS) gave the greatest results in terms of biomass growth. Furthermore, the logistic model was the most suitable for crop forecasting with a coefficient of determination (r
2) of 0.887 and a change in Akaike information criterion (∆AIC) of 0. The Gompertz model was next with r
2 = 0.884 and ∆AIC = 0.53, followed by the Weibull model (r
2 = 0.883, ∆AIC = 2.83). The Richards model showed the least performance (r
2 = 0.882, ∆AIC = 3.42). These results implied that the adoption of early sowing and straw-mulching could enhance soil water storage, improve wheat yields and improve climate resilience of agroecosystems on the Loess Plateau and similar dryland ecosystems. Furthermore, the logistic regression model can be a useful decision tool for testing the effectiveness of climate adaptation strategies.
Exploring the potential of Meldrum’s acid-bearing chain extenders for mechanical recycling of PET
Authors: Goksu Yonca Alkan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a widely used thermoplastic polymer with exceptional properties, making it a cornerstone in various industries. However, the extensive global demand for PET, particularly in the packaging sector, has led to significant ecological concerns due to inadequate recycling rates. This paper explores the potential of Meldrum’s acid-based chain extenders as a solution to enhance PET recycling. Initially, 2,2,5-trimethyl-5-(4-vinylbenzyl)-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (St-MA) was synthesized, and its homopolymers were produced through free radical polymerization and characterized through 1H NMR, FTIR and TGA analyses. Dynamic interactions between recycled PET (rPET) and the synthesized chain extender (HP) in an extrusion environment was further explored, resulting in higher T
g and T
c for rPET when 0.5 wt% of HP was added as a reactive chain extender. The chemical tunability of this functional ketene-based chain extender holds promise to enhance PET recycling practices. The continuous evolution of regulatory frameworks and environmental concerns may prompt the exploration of novel approaches, such as tailored Meldrum’s acid-bearing chain extenders, which might have the potential to reduce the ecological consequences associated with post-consumer PET waste.
Seeking an optimal design of Search and Merge: its consequences and challenges
Authors: Goto Nobu , Ishii Toru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe propose that Merge, both External Merge and Internal Merge, is totally free from Minimal Search, and more specifically, Search Σ to determine the input of Merge only obeys Binarity and the Phase Impenetrability Condition but not Minimal Search (theMinimal Search-free Merge Hypothesis). We argue that our proposal provides a unified account of various movement restrictions, such as the freezing effect, thethat-trace effect, the anti-locality effect, the vacuous movement hypothesis, and the economy of derivation. We also argue that our proposal derives the insights/consequences of Minimal Yield such as ruling out so-called extensions of Merge by limiting the search space at a later stage of a derivation in terms of Binarity and the PIC. We further expand the empirical and theoretical scope of our proposal by considering exceptions to the freezing effect. We suggest that the exceptions can be dealt with by adopting Form Copy.
Modification of the Asphalt Binder with Nano-aluminum Oxide: An Alternative to Improve the Thermal Conductivity and the Rheological Properties of the Asphalt Matrix
Authors: Broering Wellington Borba , de Melo João Victor Staub , Manfro Alexandre Luiz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article presents the results of research that aimed to develop asphalt nanocomposites (conventional asphalt binder + nano-aluminum oxide [Al2O3]) with greater thermal conductivity and better rheological/mechanical properties, at high and intermediate temperatures, when compared to a reference matrix. The end goal was to be able to recommend a range of additional nanoparticle content to the conventional binder, establishing a direction for future investigations into the healing ability of asphalt mixtures with nano-Al2O3, both in the laboratory and in service. Conventional asphalt was modified with 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 4 %, 5 %, and 6 % of nano-Al2O3 content in relation to the mass of the binder. Tests with a conductivity meter and a dynamic shear rheometer were performed on the developed nanocomposites. Rheological parameters related to susceptibility to permanent deformation and tolerance to fatigue damage were specially analyzed. As main findings, the addition of nanoparticles increased the thermal conductivity of the binder at the rate of 0.004 W/mK/%nano, improved the rheological parameters of asphalt at high temperatures (susceptibility to permanent deformation) for any incorporation content between 1–6 %, and impaired fatigue damage tolerance (at 20°C) with percentages greater than 3 %. The main conclusion of this research is that nano-Al2O3 can increase the thermal conduction capacity of the matrix and improve the rheological performance of the conventional binder, at high and intermediate temperatures, with certain percentages of incorporation (1–3 %). Finally, for future studies with asphalt mixtures, an additional range of nano-Al2O3 in the conventional binder from 1–3 % is recommended.
Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Sejarah Lokal Kabupaten Kudus Dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah di SMA NU Al Ma’ruf Kudus
Authors: Rofiqoh Anna , Atmaja Hamdan Tri 
Published: January 2024

Pemaparan sejarah lokal dapat menjembatani peserta didik dalam memahami peristiwa sejarah di masyarakat sekitar dan menunjang minat peserta didik terhadap pembelajaran sejarah. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah mendeskripsikan cara guru menanamkan nilai- nilai kesejarahan Kabupaten Kudus kepada siswa, mendeskripsikan memori siswa terhadap kesejarahan Kabupaten Kudus, dan menganalisis sejauh mana kesadaran sejarah siswa terhadap peninggalan-peninggalan sejarah Kabupaten Kudus. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan lokasi penelitian ini di SMA NU Al Ma’ruf Kudus. Hasil penulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai sejarah lokal kabupaten Kudus, strategi awal yang dipakai guru adalah menarik minat siswa terlebih dahulu dan memberikan pengetahuan-pengetahuan meliputi tokoh penyebar agama Islam di Kudus, dakwah dan ajarannya, serta peninggalan kesejarahan di Kudus. Ingatan siswa terhadap kesejarahan lokal kabupaten Kudus identik dengan kesejarahan Islam. Siswa yang merupakan anak pondok pesantren lebih paham akan nilai toleransi dengan memahami makna larangan penyembelihan sapi sebagai ajaran yang berkembang di Kudus saat masuknya Islam, dan siswa lainnya cukup mengetahui tokoh penyebar agama Islam di Kudus dan cara dakwah setiap tokoh tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Nilai Sejarah Lokal, Memori Siswa, Kesadaran Sejarah
Exposure to local history can help students bridge their understanding of historical events in the surrounding community and foster their interest in learning history. The purpose of this paper is to describe how teachers instill historical values in Kudus Regency among students, delineate students' memories of the history of Kudus Regency, and analyze the extent of students' historical awareness regarding the historical heritage of Kudus Regency. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with the research conducted at SMA NU Al Ma'ruf Kudus. The findings of this paper suggest that, in instilling local historical values in Kudus district, the initial strategy employed by teachers is to capture students' interest first and then provide knowledge, including information about key figures who spread Islam in Kudus, da'wah, teachings, and historical heritage in Kudus. Students' memory of the local history of Kudus district is closely associated with Islamic history. Children from Islamic boarding schools, in particular, have a better understanding of the value of tolerance, as they grasp the meaning behind the prohibition of slaughtering cows—a teaching that originated in Kudus when Islam entered the region. Other students are familiar with the figures who spread Islam in Kudus and the methods employed by each of these figures in their preaching.
Keywords: Local history value, student memory, historical awareness
Numerical modelling of bridge deck reinforcement corrosion based on analysis of GPR data
Authors: Bachiri Tahar , Khamlichi Abdellatif , Hamdaoui Mohammed , Bezzazi Mohammed , Faize Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impact of corrosion on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) responses through practical experiments and numerical modelling, focusing on rebar diameter reduction, corrosion product layer thickness, crack formation and corrosion product filling in vertical and transverse crack. Practical experiments involved GPR testing of reinforced concrete slab. By analyzing B-scans we identify areas with moderate and severe corrosion. Numerical modelling using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Method to model GPR signal propagation in a concrete bridge deck with corrosion is applied. Key finding includes a significant 26.70% increase in reflected wave amplitude when corrosion product filling in vertical crack increased by 400%, highlighting its extensive effect on signal GPR propagation. Reduced rebar diameter led to a 9.79% amplitude decrease and a 0.06 ns arrival time delay. Increased corrosion product layer thickness primarily affected arrival time with a 0.06 ns extension but significantly amplified GPR signal amplitude. These findings offer insights for improving GPR based corrosion detection and assessment methods, leading to more robust systems for concrete bridge deck inspection and maintenance. This paper contributes to understanding how corrosion affects the signal that is detected by GPR. This information can be used to improve the way that we manage and assess corrosion in concrete bridge deck.
РОЛЬ И МЕСТО СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В УСТОЙЧИВОМ РАЗВИТИИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: Шумская Елена Николаевна 
Published: January 2024

Цель исследования — показать роль и место стратегического менеджмента в устойчивом развитии предприятия.
Методология основывается на использовании общенаучных методов исследования: анализа, синтеза, индукции, аналогий, обработки информации.
Результаты исследования. На основе анализа различных определений сущности стратегического менеджмента дано авторское понятие категории. Выявлены проблемы стратегического менеджмента. Предложен процесс управления в стратегическом менеджменте. Исследованы инструменты стратегического менеджмента. Разработан алгоритм выбора инструментов стратегического менеджмента для разработки стратегии. Выделены основные моменты, на которые нужно обратить внимание при выборе стратегии.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в применении инструментов стратегического менеджмента для повышения эффективности деятельности предприятия.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ФИЛОСОФСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ ИНСТИТУТА ВЛАСТИ: ТРАДИЦИОННЫЙ ПОДХОД
Authors: Пичко Наталья Сергеевна , Лясковская Евгения Михайловна 
Published: January 2024

Цель исследования. Авторы работы в рамках статьи ставят цель — провести анализ изменений института власти с точки зрения социально-философского анализа.
Методологический конструкт. В работе социально-философская рефлексия института власти выстраивается на основе традиционного и синергетического подходов к властным отношениям.
Результаты исследования. Современное общество переживает в последние годы трансформационные этапы, что не может не отражаться на институте власти, на уровне его стабильности. Традиционными подходами к социально-философскому анализу нестабильности института власти и властных изменений являются формационный, цивилизационный, революционный, реформационный и трансформационный подходы. Авторы работы отмечают, что функционирование института власти — это синтез традиционного и инновационного.
Перспективой исследования является социально-философское осмысление трансформационных процессов института власти в пространстве полицентричного мира.