bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of exercise and pharmacotherapy on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Kandel Amrita , Pant Poonam , Todi Sushila , KC Sudhamshu , Pandey Sudip 
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the emerging liver diseases affecting 20%–30% of the population creating a burden on public health worldwide and has been associated with the causation of multiple diseases. Besides exercise, several drugs are being used in patients based on clinical evidence especially vitamin E, a potent antioxidant to reduce the oxidative stress responsible for the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This study aims at evaluating the effect of exercise and pharmacotherapy on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Design: A prospective follow-up study with purposive sampling was done at a liver clinic for 3 months. Baseline characteristics such as anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters were recorded and compared after 3 months to determine the effect of therapy. Descriptive analysis using a parametric test was used to assess the change in biochemical parameters and a non-parametric test was applied to find out the association between non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Results: Out of 177 patients, 67.2 % were male and 32.8% were female with the mean age ±SD of 46.8 ± 12.06 years. Mean ± SD weight and body mass index of the patients were changed from 74.88 ± 11.61 kg to 72.37 ± 11.61 kg and from 28.41 ± 4.02 kg/m2 to 27.31 ± 4.58 kg/m2 respectively which was found to be statistically significant. There was a significant change in all the biochemical parameters with the p-value < 0.05 through both non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Conclusion: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease management through exercise and pharmacotherapy shows significant improvement in biochemical parameters indicating that alone or in combination with both approaches play an effective role in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Trajectories of self-reported daytime sleepiness post-ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: A propensity score matching study versus non-stroke patients
Authors: Baillieul Sébastien , Tamisier Renaud , Gévaudan Bastien , Alexandre Sarah , Detante Olivier , Dauvilliers Yves , Bassetti Claudio , Pépin Jean-Louis , Bailly Sébastien 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Severe sleep apnea (SA) affects one-third of stroke patients. Sleepiness, one of the cardinal symptoms of SA, negatively impacts functional stroke outcomes. The impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on post-stroke sleepiness is poorly described. We aimed to compare through a propensity score matching the trajectories of self-reported sleepiness post-stroke with matched individuals including SA patients adherent or not to CPAP. Patients and methods: Sixty five (80.2%) ischemic stroke and 16 (19.8%) TIA patients (median [Q1;Q3] age = 67.0 [58.0;74.0] years, 70.4% male, body mass index [BMI] = 26.1 [24.5;29.8] kg·m−2, admission NIHSS = 3.0 [1.0;5.0]), with polysomnography and an Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) performed within 1 year following stroke and with a follow-up ESS (delay = 236 [147;399] days) were included in the analysis. A 2:1 propensity score matching based on age, gender, BMI, and the apnea-hypopnea index was performed to identify 162 matched individuals referred for SA suspicion, free of stroke or TIA. Multivariable negative binomial regression models were performed to identify the determinants of sleepiness trajectories post-stroke. Results: Baseline ESS was comparable between stroke/TIA and matched individuals (median [Q1; Q3] ESS = 7 [4;10] versus 6 [4;10], p = 0.86). The range of improvement in ESS was higher in stroke patients compared to controls (∆ESS = −2 [−4;1] vs −1 [−3;2], p = 0.03). In multivariable analysis, comorbid SA and CPAP treatment did not influence trajectories of sleepiness post-stroke. Discussion and conclusion: Sleepiness improvement was unexpectedly higher in stroke patients compared to matched individuals, with no significant influence of comorbid SA and CPAP on its trajectory. Sleepiness may not be primarily indicative of SA in stroke or TIA patients.
Undiagnosed hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus among Marshallese adults in the Republic of the Marshall Islands
Authors: Andersen Jennifer A , Rowland Brett , Gloster Erin , O’Connor Gail , Ioanna Bing Williamina , Niedenthal Jack , Riklon Sheldon , McElfish Pearl A 
Published: January 2024

Background: Given the lack of healthcare access in the Republic of the Marshall Island (RMI) and the potential for complications related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, it is crucial to examine these conditions among Marshallese in the RMI. Objectives: This study aims to identify the proportion of Marshallese adults in the RMI with undiagnosed T2DM and hypertension. Design: Using a community-based participatory research approach, screening events were conducted at 20 churches in Majuro Atoll. Methods: Participants completed a questionnaire and biometric data measures, including hemoglobin A1c and blood pressure. Results: Among participants with blood pressure data ( N = 528), 11.9% had readings indicative of hypertension, and 38.1% were undiagnosed. Among participants with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) data ( N = 450), 45.3% had readings indicative of T2DM, and 39.2% were undiagnosed. Conclusion: This study utilized a community-based participatory research approach that promotes equitable and ethical research. Results reaffirm the need to identify strategies for increasing healthcare access and for research to address health disparities in the RMI.
The base metal sulfide and Ni–Co arsenide-bearing veins of Valsassina, Lombardy, Italy: a preliminary study
Authors: Vergani Fabrizio , Moroni Marilena , Gentile Paolo , Gatta G. Diego 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Valsassina (Lombardy, Northern Italy) is located in the Lombard Southern Alps and is characterised by the presence of a metamorphic basement, by a major late Variscan intrusive complex and by Carboniferous–Permian volcano-sedimentary cover units. These rocks host a pervasive system of inadequately studied mineralised veins. These veins are characterised by base metal (Pb, Zn, Cu and Fe) and complex polymetallic assemblages.
In this study, we have investigated the ore textures, mineral compositions of sulfides and sulfosalts (by EMPA–WDS and LA–ICP–MS analyses), and stable isotopes (C and O) in carbonate gangue minerals of various mineralised veins to determine the conditions of deposition of these ore deposits. Two different vein families can be recognised in Valsassina: NNW–SSE veins characterised by a complex polymetallic sulfide–sulfosalt assemblage, also with Ni–Co–Fe arsenides and other Ag–Bi-bearing minerals; and NE–SW veins with a simpler, base metal sulfide assemblage. The Ni–Co-bearing NNW–SSE veins have some distinctive features of the ‘five-element vein’ type deposits, with the Ni–Co–Fe arsenide ore stage pre-dating a sulfide-tetrahedrite-dominated ore stage. LA–ICP–MS data for pyrite and sphalerite, and stable isotopic compositions (C and O) of the carbonate gangue minerals, show no clear differences between the two families of veins, which are probably linked genetically. The isotopic compositions of the Valsassina vein carbonates are closely comparable with the signature of several major five-element ore districts. Preliminary temperature estimates for the Valsassina vein systems were based on the sphalerite composition, applying the GGIMFis geothermometer. The estimated temperatures for the sulfide-dominated ore stage post-dating the Ni–Co minerals precipitation range between 100 and 250°C. The crosscutting relationships, observed for all the veins with the host rocks, suggest a possible late to post Variscan (late Permian) age, making these vein systems comparable with other late–post Variscan polyphase hydrothermal events affecting large sectors of the Southern Alpine domain.
Possible melatonin-induced salt stress tolerance pathway in Phaseolus vulgaris L. using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses
Authors: Yang Xiaoxu , Liu Dajun , Liu Chang , Li Mengdi , Yan Zhishan , Zhang Yu , Feng Guojun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMelatonin plays important roles in multiple stress responses; however, the downstream signaling pathway and molecular mechanism remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the transcriptional regulation of melatonin-induced salt stress tolerance in Phaseolus vulgaris L. and identify the key downstream transcription factors of melatonin through transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. The melatonin-induced transcriptional network of hormones, transcription factors, and functional genes was established under both control and stress conditions. Among these, eight candidate transcription factors were identified via gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, one gene related to transmembrane transport of salts (Phvul.004G177300). These genes may play a role in maintaining the cell structure and excreting sodium ions outside the cell or transporting them to the vacuoles for storage. Melatonin regulates the Phvul.009G210332 gene and metabolites C05642 (N-acetyl-N-2-formyl-5-methoxycanurine), C05643 (6-hydroxymelatonin), C05660 (5-methoxyindoleacetic acid) involved in tryptophan metabolism. The metabolites C05642 and C05643 were identified as decomposition products of tryptophan, indicating that exogenous melatonin entered the P. vulgaris tissue and was metabolized. Melatonin promotes the synthesis and metabolism of tryptophan, which is crucial to plant metabolism, growth, maintenance, and repair.
Evaluation of patients treated with direct-acting anti-viral therapy for chronic hepatitis C and their risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Hong Kong
Authors: Chow Victor Yung Sin , Cheung Wing I 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background & aim
To evaluate the risk of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in Hong Kong, as it has not been studied before in this locality.

Methods
Three hundred thirty-three consecutive chronic hepatitis C patients treated with DAAs from two hospitals over the past 6 years were identified. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate cumulative HCC incidence. Cox regression was used to identify factors associated with HCC development.

Results
During a median follow-up of 23.4 months after DAA started, 15 (5.4%, 95% CI 3.3–8.7%) out of 279 total included patients developed HCC. The overall sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 98.9%. The 1-year cumulative incidence for de-novo HCC and HCC recurrence were 0.8 and 30.9%, respectively (log-rank test p < 0.001). The 1-year cumulative HCC incidence for patients without and with cirrhosis were 0.7 and 5.1%, respectively (log-rank test p = 0.036). Univariate analysis showed that significant factors associated with HCC after DAA were: history of treated HCC, cirrhosis, evidence of portal hypertension, higher AFP at the start or end of DAA therapy, higher bilirubin, lower platelets, lower albumin, and older age. From receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the optimal cut-off level of AFP for predicting HCC was 10.5 ng/mL at the start and 5.6 ng/mL at the end of DAA therapy.

Conclusions
The risk of early HCC recurrence remains high despite achieving SVR following DAA therapy, whereas the risk of early de-novo HCC occurence is low. AFP levels, both at the start and end of DAA therapy, can be useful in stratifying risks of HCC development.
A case of Wilson’s disease combined with intracranial lipoma and dysplasia of the corpus callosum with review of the literature
Authors: Zhang Liangjie , Zhu Ling , Ci Chunling , Ai Wenlong , Wang Yu , Wang Xun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Wilson’s disease (WD) is an inherited disorder of copper metabolism. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is the complete or partial absence of the major united fiber bundles connecting the cerebral hemispheres. Intracranial lipoma is an adipose tissue tumor resulting from an abnormal embryonic development of the central nervous system. The simultaneous occurrence of these three disorders is rare and has not been reported. This report focuses on the pathogenesis and association between the three disorders and highlights the importance of recognizing and effectively managing their coexistence.

Case presentation
The purpose of this study was to present a patient with coexisting WD, intracranial lipoma, and corpus callosum dysplasia. We reviewed a female patient hospitalized in 2023 with clinical manifestations of elevated aminotransferases and decreased ceruloplasmin, as well as genetic testing for an initial diagnosis of Wilson’s disease. Subsequently, a cranial MRI showed corpus callosum dysplasia with short T1 signal changes in the cerebral falx, leading to a final diagnosis of Wilson’s disease combined with intracranial lipoma and corpus callosum dysplasia. The patient’s WD is currently stable after treatment with sodium dimercaptosulfonamide (DMPS) and penicillamine, and the patient’s abnormal copper metabolism may promote the growth of intracranial lipoma.

Conclusion
The pathogenesis of WD combined with intracranial lipoma and corpus callosum dysplasia is complex and clinically rare. The growth of intracranial lipomas may be associated with abnormal copper metabolism in WD. Abnormal copper metabolism affects lipid metabolism and triggers inflammatory responses. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are beneficial for improvement. Each new case of this rare co-morbidity is important as it allows for a better assessment and understanding of these cases’ more characteristic clinical manifestations, which can help estimate the course of the disease and possible therapeutic options.
Clinical activity and safety of sintilimab, bevacizumab, and TMZ in patients with recurrent glioblastoma
Authors: Lu Yinghao , Liao Limin , Du Kunpeng , Mo Jianhua , Zou Xia , Liang Junxian , Chen Jiahui , Tang Wenwen , Su Liwei , Wu Jieping , Zhang Junde , Tan Yujing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
There are limited and no standard therapies for recurrent glioblastoma. We herein report the antitumour activity and safety of sintilimab, bevacizumab and temozolomide (TMZ) in recurrent glioblastoma.

Methods
We retrospectively analysed eight patients with recurrent glioblastoma treated with sintilimab (200 mg) every three weeks + bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) every three weeks + TMZ (200 mg/m²orally) (5 days orally every 28 days for a total of four weeks). The primary objective was investigator-assessed median progression-free survival(mPFS). Secondary objectives were to assess the 6-month PFS, objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR) accroding to RANO criteria.

Results
The mPFS time for 8 patients was 3.340 months (95% CI: 2.217–4.463), The longest PFS was close to 9 months. Five patients were assessed to have achieved partial response (PR), with an overall remission rate of 62.5%, Four patients experienced a change in tumour volume at the best response time of greater than 60% shrinkage from baseline, and one patient remained progression free upon review, with a DOR of more than 6.57 months. The 6-month PFS was 25% (95% CI: 5.0–55.0%). Three patients had a treatment-related adverse events, though no grade 4 or 5 adverse events occurred.

Conclusion
In this small retrospective study, the combination regimen of sintilimab, bevacizumab and TMZ showed promising antitumour activity in treatment of recurrent glioblastoma, with a good objective remission rate.
Real-world data on neoadjuvant chemotherapy with dual-anti HER2 therapy in HER2 positive breast cancer
Authors: Yang Zheng-Jun , Xin Fei , Chen Zu-Jin , Yu Yue , Wang Xin , Cao Xu-Chen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with dual-targeted therapy is the standard treatment for human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. Although the dual-targeted therapy has significantly improved the pathological complete response (pCR) rate, further investigation is needed to identify biomarkers that predict the response to neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzed 353 patients with HER2-positive breast invasive ductal carcinoma. The correlation between clinicopathological factors and pCR rate was evaluated. A nomogram was constructed based on the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict the probability of pCR.

Results
The breast pCR (b-pCR) rate was 56.1% (198/353) and the total pCR (t-pCR) rate was 52.7% (186/353). Multivariate analysis identified ER status, PR status, HER2 status, Ki-67 index, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens as independent indicators for both b-pCR and t-pCR. The nomogram had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.68–0.78). According to the nomogram, the t- pCR rate was highest in the ER-PR- HER2-positive patients (131/208) and lowest in the ER + PR + HER2-positive patients (19/73). The subgroup analyses showed that there was no significant difference in pCR rate among the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in ER positive, PR positive, HER2 IHC 2 + , Ki67 index < 30% population. However, for ER-PR-HER2-positive patients, the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen has a great influence on the pCR rates.

Conclusions
Patients with ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2 3 + and high KI-67 index were more likely to achieve pCR. THP may be used as an alternative to AC-THP or TCbHP in selected HER2-positive patients.
Tumor-derived KLK8 predicts inferior survival and promotes an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tian He , Wei Ran , Xiao Chu , Fan Tao , Che Yun , Liu Tiejun , Zheng Bo , Li Chunxiang , He Jie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is the second most common lung cancer worldwide, leading to millions of deaths annually. Although immunotherapy has expanded the therapeutic choices for LUSC and achieved considerable efficacy in a subset of patients, many patients could not benefit, and resistance was pervasive. Therefore, it is significant to investigate the mechanisms leading to patients’ poor response to immunotherapies and explore novel therapeutic targets. Using multiple public LUSC datasets, we found that Kallikrein-8 (KLK8) expression was higher in tumor samples and was correlated with inferior survival. Using a LUSC cohort (n = 190) from our center, we validated the bioinformatic findings about KLK8 and identified high KLK8 expression as an independent risk factor for LUSC. Function enrichment showed that several immune signaling pathways were upregulated in the KLK8 low-expression group and downregulated in the KLK8 high-expression group. For patients with low KLK8 expression, they were with a more active TME, which was both observed in the TCGA database and immune marker immunohistochemistry, and they had extensive positive relations with immune cells with tumor-eliminating functions. This study identified KLK8 as a risk factor in LUSC and illustrated the associations between KLK8 and cancer immunity, suggesting the potentiality of KLK8 as a novel immune target in LUSC.
Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in critically ill adults with mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Cuiping , Yang Feng , Wang Qimin , Gao Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is widely used as a rehabilitation methods to restore muscle mass and function in prolonged immobilization individuals. However, its effect in mechanically ventilated patients to improve clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PEDro, and the Cochrane Library from their inception until December 24th, 2023. The search targeted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing NMES with physical therapy (PT) or usual ICU care (CG), for improving clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients. We performed a network meta-analysis utilizing Stata version 14.0 and R 4.3.1.

Results
We included 23 RCTs comprising 1312 mechanically ventilated adults. The treatments analyzed were NMES, PT, NMES combined with PT (NMES+PT), and CG. Network meta-analyses revealed that NMES or NMES+PT significantly improved extubation success rate compared to CG, with ORs of 1.85 (95% CI: 1.11, 3.08) and 5.89 (95% CI: 1.77, 19.65), respectively. Additionally, NMES exhibited a slight decrease in extubation success rate compared with NMES+PT, with OR of 0.31 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.93). Nevertheless, neither NMES nor NMES+PT showed any significant improvement in ICU length of stay (LOS), ventilation duration, or mortality when compared with PT or CG. NMES+PT emerged as the most effective strategy for all considered clinical outcomes according to the ranking probabilities. The evidence quality ranged from “low” to “very low” in this network meta-analysis.

Conclusions
NMES appears to be a straightforward and safe modality for critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients. When combined with PT, it significantly improved the extubation success rate against standard ICU care and NMES alone, and showed a better ranking over PT or NMES alone for clinical outcomes. Therefore, NMES combined with PT may be a superior rehabilitation strategy for this patient group.
Bereaved parents’ perceptions of memory making: a qualitative meta-synthesis
Authors: Xu Dan-dan , Zhang Guang-xiong , Ding Xin-bo , Ma Jing , Suo Ya-xi , Peng Yang-yao , Zeng Ji-li , Liu Miao , Hou Rui-tong , Li Jin , Hu Fen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to investigate the experiences of parents who have experienced bereavement in their efforts to preserve memories of their deceased child.

Methods
Employing a qualitative meta-synthesis approach, this study systematically sought relevant qualitative literature by conducting searches across various electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley, up until July 2023.

Results
Nine studies are eligible for inclusion and included in the meta-synthesis. Three overarching categories are identified: (1) Affirming the Significance of Memory Making. (2) Best Practices in Memory Making. (3) Barriers to Effective Memory Making.

Conclusion
Bereaved parents highly value the act of creating lasting memories, emphasizing its profound significance. While forming these memories, it is imperative to offer family-centered care and honor diverse preferences and needs. It is essential to offer effective support to parents, offering them a range of choices. Furthermore, a more comprehensive examination of memory-making practices is required to better understand their influence on parents’ recollections of their deceased child.