bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there a gender paradox in the association between conduct problems and cannabis use? A cohort‐study among Swedish adolescents
Authors: Karlsson Patrik , Ekendahl Mats , Raninen Jonas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionConduct problems (CP) predict cannabis use prospectively but the research is mixed as to whether this association is stronger among girls. A stronger association among girls would suggest a ‘gender paradox’ as both CP and cannabis use is less common in this group. This study aimed to assess whether the longitudinal association between CP and cannabis use in Swedish adolescents is stronger among girls.MethodsData from two waves of a nationally representative cohort study of Swedish adolescents born in 2001 were used. Baseline measurements were collected in 9th grade (at age 15–16) and follow‐up measures at 11th grade (at age 17–18).ResultsCP at baseline were significantly associated with cannabis use at follow‐up adjusted for hyperactivity problems, emotional problems, socio‐demographics, parental monitoring, school grades and truancy at baseline (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.24) but not when also adjusting for substance use at baseline. Boys were more likely to have used cannabis during the past year, even when controlling for prior substance use (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.76–2.98). The association between CP and cannabis use was significantly weaker for boys (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72–0.95 in the fully adjusted model). The predicted probability of cannabis use was stable at 0.13 for boys across levels of CP, but ranged from 0.05 to 0.16 for girls.Discussion and ConclusionThe longitudinal association between CP and cannabis use was stronger among girls. The findings are indicative of a ‘gender paradox’ in the association between CP and cannabis use.
Do unconditional cash transfers increase fertility? Lessons from a large‐scale program
Authors: Awaworyi Churchill Sefa , Iqbal Nasir , Nawaz Saima , Yew Siew Ling 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe examine the impact of unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) on fertility. We develop a theoretical model that demonstrates how UCTs affect fertility decisions, time allocations for leisure, labor and childrearing, and child health through health spending. We then empirically examine the impact of UCTs on fertility in Pakistan. Our theoretical model suggests that under certain conditions, UCTs are likely to increase fertility if UCTs increase child health regardless of how they affect parental leisure, labor and childrearing time. The empirical results suggest that UCTs have a positive effect on fertility.
Institutional investors, competition and corporate innovation: Evidence from Chinese listed firms
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Kai , Long Cheryl Xiaoning 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBy adapting a well‐known model in the literature, the current paper sharpens the theoretical predictions on how competition intensity and institutional ownership interact to influence corporate innovation decisions, and adopts data from Chinese listed firms to empirically test the validity of two potential mechanisms. The split‐share reform of 2004–2005, whose timing and speed were largely beyond the firms' control, is used as a quasi‐natural experiment to address the potential endogeneity of institutional share. Similar to the existing results, we find support for the career concern mechanism rather than the lazy manager mechanism. But in addition to the complementary effects between institutional share and competition intensity on corporate innovation documented in their work, our findings also imply that competition discourages innovation when the share of institutional investors is low but encourages innovation when the institutional share is high. The opposite effects of competition on innovation with or without institutional shares is accounted for by the negative correlation between competition and innovation success, which is an assumption in our theoretical model that departs from the existing literature, but fits the reality of China's economic transition. Additional evidence relating listed firms' managerial turnover to their institutional shares is also in support of the career concern mechanism. Combined with the substantial increase in innovation after the split‐share reform, these findings demonstrate the strong positive role of institutional investors in encouraging innovation, but also offer more insight into the complex process that determines corporate innovation, especially where ownership structure is still in flux.
The Powers of the Presidency of the Council of the EU to Shape the Rule of Law Enforcement Agenda: The Article 7 Case
Authors: Hernández Gisela 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResearch on enforcing compliance with the European Union's (EU's) rule of law value has focused on the roles of the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Court of Justice of the EU. However, the Council of the EU has attracted less attention. Existing scholarship has convincingly established that the rotating Presidency can crucially influence the functioning of the Council, and, accordingly, this paper examines the discretionary impact the Presidencies have towards Art.7 procedures. Drawing on official documents and statements, this paper compares how the various Presidencies from 2018 to 2022 have used their privileged position on the Council's agenda to decide whether to move forward with hearings. In doing so, they selected appropriate agenda‐shaping strategies, shaped the Commission's perceived opportunities to exercise its agenda prerogatives, avoided compromises on the trios' agendas and, sometimes, benefited from not dealing with Art.7 to pursue other agenda priorities. The Presidency's wide room for manoeuvre hinders the Council's activity in scrutinising backsliding governments.
Opportunistic sightings of manta rays on Brazil's Amazon Coast
Authors: Bucair Nayara , Dias Héllida Negrão , Nunes Ana Rita Onodera Palmeira , Coelho Keyton Kylson Fonseca , de Brito Rafaela Maria Serra , de Luna Sales João Bráullio , Rincon Getulio , Francini‐Filho Ronaldo Bastos , Dias June Ferraz , Cintra Israel H. A. , Nunes Jorge Luiz Silva 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLittle is known about the ecology and distribution of mobulid rays along Brazil's extensive coastline. Here we report opportunistic sightings of manta rays (Mobula cf. birostris) in the Brazilian Amazon estuaries and the Great Amazon Reef System. These sightings consist of manta ray individuals stranded in tide pools, caught in artisanal fisheries, and footage obtained with a submersible. Future investigations on the spatial, temporal, and environmental drivers of manta rays' distribution on the northern Brazilian coast and the threats posed by fishing gear are warranted.
The Impact of Credit Risk Mispricing on Mortgage Lending during the Subprime Boom
Authors: KAHN JAMES A. , KAY BENJAMIN S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe provide new evidence that mispriced mortgage insurance shifted credit supply and contributed to the mortgage boom and bust of the early 2000s. Original data on private mortgage insurance premiums from 1999 to 2016 reveal that before 2008, premiums did not vary across loans with widely different indicators of default risk. We quantify the mispricing of premiums before 2008 and show that even allowing for more optimistic beliefs, the flat premium structure resulted in cross‐subsidies and substantial adverse selection.
Giving it all You've Got: How Daily Self‐Sacrifice and Self‐Esteem Regulate the Double‐Edged Effects of Callings
Authors: Clinton Michael E. , Conway Neil , Sturges Jane , McFarland Alison 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOccupational callings are a combination of passion and enjoyment with a sense of duty and destiny. Pursuing a calling is a double‐edged sword, sometimes beneficial and sometimes detrimental, but it is unclear why it has contradictory effects. We show how daily self‐sacrifice behaviour explains these effects and reveals how workers regulate their callings on a daily basis. We argue that people with intense callings use self‐sacrifice to attain daily calling goals. However, this has a cost to their wellbeing in terms of daily emotional exhaustion. Diary data from church ministers and chaplains reveals that daily self‐sacrifice behaviour mediates the positive effects of calling intensity, via felt obligations, on both daily calling goal attainment and emotional exhaustion. Within‐person, we show how state self‐esteem further regulates this double‐edged process both within a day and from one day to the next. Low morning state self‐esteem promotes daily self‐sacrifice and is indirectly related to higher calling goal attainment and emotional exhaustion via daily self‐sacrifice. But morning self‐esteem is itself predicted positively by the previous days’ goal attainment and negatively by emotional exhaustion. Therefore, state self‐esteem in conjunction with daily self‐sacrifice behaviour and its double‐edged effects represents a daily regulation mechanism for self‐sacrifice in callings.
The social relations of prayer in healthcare: Adding to nursing's equity‐oriented professional practice and disciplinary knowledge
Authors: Reimer‐Kirkham Sheryl , Sharma Sonya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough spiritual practices such as prayer are engaged by many to support well‐being and coping, little research has addressed nurses and prayer, whether for themselves or facilitating patients' use of prayer. We conducted a qualitative study to explore how prayer (as a proxy for spirituality and religion) is manifest—whether embraced, tolerated, or resisted—in healthcare, and how institutional and social contexts shape how prayer is understood and enacted. This paper analyzes interviews with 21 nurses in Vancouver and London as a subset of the larger study. Findings show that nurses' kindness can buffer the loneliness and exclusion of ill health and in this way support the “spirit” of those in their care. Spiritual support for patients rarely incorporated prayer, in part because of ambiguities about permission and professional boundaries. Nurses' engagement with prayer and spiritual support could become a politicized site of religious accommodation, where imposition, religious illiteracy, and racism could derail person‐centered care and consequently enact social exclusion. Spiritual support (including prayer) sustained nurses themselves. We propose that nursing's equity‐oriented knowledge encompass spirituality and religion as sites of exclusion and inclusion. Nurses must be supported to move past religious illiteracy to provide culturally and spiritually sensitive care with clarity about professional boundaries and collaborative models of spiritual care.
Frege: A fusion of horizontals
Authors: Bellucci Francesco , Chiffi Daniele , Zanetti Luca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn Die Grundgesetze der Arithmetik (I, §48), Frege introduces his rule of the fusion of horizontals, according to which if an occurrence of the horizontal stroke is followed by another occurrence of the same stroke, either in isolation or “contained” in a propositional connective, the two occurrences can be fused with each other. However, the role of this rule, and of the horizontal sign more generally, is controversial; Michael Dummett notoriously claimed, for instance, that the horizontal is “wholly superfluous” in Frege's logical system. In this paper, we challenge Dummett's view by providing a comprehensive analysis of the significance of the horizontal stroke. After some preliminary remarks, we argue that even if Frege's connectives in some sense “contain” the horizontal, yet they are total functions. Then, we take up the question of the sense expressed by the horizontal, and we claim that, unlike other sentential operators, the horizontal is not sense‐compositional. Finally, we consider the semantic and pragmatic aspects of Frege's horizontal in connection to his judgment stroke and the double judgment stroke. Contra Dummett, we argue that the horizontal is a special and indispensable element of Frege's logic.
Energy Modeling of an Aquaculture Raceway
Authors: Kuska Mitchell H. , Siddiqui Kamran , DeGroot Christopher T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Large seasonal temperature variations in aquaculture source water leave aquaculture ponds and raceways susceptible to temperature variations leading to nonoptimal growing conditions. Such conditions may slow down the growth rate and make aquatic species vulnerable to disease and potential death, leading to economic setback for aquaculture farmers. Therefore, it is advantageous to predict the temperature of aquaculture raceways under the influence of seasonal variations and study the parameters that contribute to these variations. This allows one to develop strategies and processes to better regulate the raceway temperature to maximize its productivity. A numerical energy model was developed to simulate the temperature of water inside an aquaculture raceway, and a parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of various key parameters on the raceway temperature. It was found that surface area and flowrate have a large effect on the raceway temperature, while depth of raceway had little effect. The largest surface area tested produced outlet temperatures and heat transfer values that were 6.2% and 76% higher, respectively, than the smallest surface area tested. Decreasing flowrate from the reference value of 43 L/s to 1 L/s resulted in an 83% increase in average outlet temperature. It was also observed that the variations in the ambient air temperature alone have negligible effect on the raceway temperature. The model was further implemented to simulate the temperature of raceways located at different geographical locations.
Thermal Resistance of Heated Superhydrophobic Channels With Thermocapillary Stress
Authors: Tomlinson Samuel D. , Mayer Michael D. , Kirk Toby L. , Hodes Marc , Papageorgiou Demetrios T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A pressure-driven channel flow between a longitudinally ridged superhydrophobic surface (SHS) and solid wall is studied, where a constant heat flux enters the channel from either the SHS or solid wall. First, a model is developed which neglects thermocapillary stresses (TCS) in the transverse direction. The caloric, convective, and total thermal resistance are evaluated, and their dependence on the shape of the liquid–gas interface (meniscus), gas ridge width, texture period, channel height, streamwise TCS, Péclet number, and channel length is established. The caloric resistance is minimized with menisci that protrude into the gas cavity, large slip fractions, small channel heights, and small streamwise TCSs. When heating from the SHS, the convective resistance increases, and therefore, a design compromise exists between caloric and convective resistances. However, when heating from the solid wall, the convective resistance remains the same and SHSs that minimize caloric resistance are optimal. We investigate both water and Galinstan for microchannel applications and find that both configurations can have a lower total thermal resistance than a smooth-walled channel. Heating from the solid wall is shown to always have the lowest total thermal resistance. Numerical simulations are used to analyze the effect of transverse TCSs. Our model captures much of the physics in heated superhydrophobic channels but is computationally inexpensive when compared to the numerical simulations.
Uncovering the Potential of CD40 Agonism to Enhance Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Wu Richard C. , Luke Jason J. 
Published: October 2023

Summary
In this CCR Translations, we discuss the therapeutic potential of CD40 agonism, which stimulates antigen-presenting cells (APC) to activate effector T and NK cells. CD40 agonism may lead to development of an interferon-activated, T cell–inflamed tumor microenvironment and has the potential to facilitate long-term response with immune checkpoint blockade.
See related article by Weiss et al., p. 74
Association Between Polyvascular Disease and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes: Insights From the STS/ACC TVT Registry
Authors: Bansal Kannu , Soni Aakriti , Shah Miloni , Kosinski Andrzej S. , Gilani Fahad , Khera Sahil , Vemulapalli Sreekanth , Elmariah Sammy , Kolte Dhaval 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is highly prevalent in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Polyvascular disease (PVD), defined as involvement of ≥2 vascular beds (VBs), that is, coronary, cerebrovascular, or peripheral, portends a poor prognosis in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; however, data on the association of PVD with outcomes of patients undergoing TAVR are limited.

METHODS:
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry was analyzed to identify patients who underwent TAVR from November 2011 to March 2022. The exposure of interest was PVD. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included major vascular complications, major/life-threatening bleeding, myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack/stroke, and valve- and non–valve-related readmissions. Outcomes were assessed at 30 days and 1 year.

RESULTS:
Of 443 790 patients who underwent TAVR, PVD was present in 150 823 (34.0%; 111 425 [25.1%] with 2VB-PVD and 39 398 [8.9%] with 3VB-PVD). On multivariable analysis, PVD was associated with increased all-cause mortality at 1 year (hazard ratio, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.14–1.20]). There was an incremental increase in 1-year mortality with an increasing number of VBs involved (no PVD [reference]; 2VB-PVD: hazard ratio, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.09–1.15]: and 3VB-PVD: hazard ratio, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.26–1.36]). Patients with versus without PVD had higher rates of major vascular complications, major/life-threatening bleeding, transient ischemic attack/stroke, and non–valve-related readmissions at 30 days and 1 year.

CONCLUSIONS:
PVD is associated with worse outcomes after TAVR, and the risk is highest in patients with 3VB-PVD.
LncRNA RP11-58O9.2 predicts poor prognosis and promotes progression of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Miao Xuan , Xi Wen , Bao Yongxia 
Published: October 2023

Objective Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate the novel biomarker, lncRNA RP11-58O9.2, in patients with NSCLC. Methods RP11-58O9.2 expression in NSCLC cells and tissues was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Patient survival was analyzed in relation to RP11-58O9.2 expression levels. RP11-58O9.2 expression was knocked down and endogenous expression was verified in two NSCLC cell lines. Cell proliferation was then assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony-formation assays, and cell invasion and migration were assessed by Transwell and wound-healing assays, respectively. In vivo experiments were performed in mice, and the combination of RP11-58O9.2 and miR-6749-3p was predicted by miRanda. Results RP11-58O9.2 was highly expressed in NSCLC cell lines and tissues, and was associated with advanced stage, lymphatic metastasis, and differentiation group. High RP11-58O9.2 levels were also associated with shorter survival. RP11-58O9.2 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of lung cancer cells, and tumor growth in mouse xenografts in vivo. RP11-58O9.2 may target and regulate miR-6749-3p. Conclusions LncRNA RP11-58O9.2 is associated with NSCLC prognosis and promotes lung cancer progression. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms and the regulatory association between RP11-58O9.2 and miR-6749-3p.
Suffering while resigning to an unacceptable violation of dignity
Authors: Hartviksen Trude A , Aspfors Jessica , Uhrenfeldt Lisbeth 
Published: October 2023

Background The interaction of health personnel with relatives is linked to the quality of care results in nursing homes. However, there is limited knowledge of how relatives perceive being an integral part of the nursing home context. This secondary analysis has its starting point in an ethical concern about relatives’ experiences in a previous study. Aim To critically discuss relatives’ experiences of suffering when their next of kin live in a nursing home in a rural arctic context. Research Design, Participants and Context The critical hermeneutic stance is informed by Habermas. The secondary analysis is conducted on original data from five semi-structured focus groups with 18 relatives of residents of two nursing homes in a rural part of Norway. The theoretical framework concerning dignity, well-being, and suffering, as developed by Galvin and Todres, contrasts the analysis. Ethical Considerations The study followed the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. It was approved by the Norwegian Center for Research Data (NSD) (reg. no. 993360). Findings The main theme of this study is: suffering while resigning to an unacceptable violation of dignity. This theme is deepened by two subthemes: (a) suffering while adapting to a relationship of dependence and (b) suffering while accepting the unacceptable. Conclusions Relatives experience suffering as a cross-pressure in their struggle to interact responsibly with health personnel in nursing homes. This may have a negative outcome, where relatives end up adapting to being silent witnesses to missed care and a violation of dignity.
Use of adapted or modified methods with people with dementia in research: A scoping review
Authors: Conway Emma , MacEachen Ellen , Middleton Laura , McAiney Carrie 
Published: October 2023

People with dementia are excluded from research due to methodological challenges, stigma, and discrimination. Including perspectives of people with dementia across a spectrum of abilities is essential to understanding their perspectives and experiences. Engaging people living with dementia in qualitative research can require adaptation of methods. Qualitative research is typically considered when researchers seek to understand the perspectives, lived experiences, or opinions of individuals’ social reality. This scoping review explores current use of adapted methods with people with dementia in qualitative research, including methods used and impacts on the engagement as it relates to meeting accessibility needs. This review considered rationales for adaptations provided by authors, particularly whether authors identified a human rights or justice rationale for adapting methods to promote accessibility and engagement. This review began with a search of primary studies using qualitative research methods published in English in OECD countries from 2017 to 2022. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts for inclusion. Full texts were reviewed, and data from included studies were extracted using a pre-determined chart. Content analysis of rationales was conducted and reviewed by all authors. Studies were assessed for findings related to impacts of adapted methods. Twenty-eight studies met inclusion criteria. Adaptations to qualitative research methods ranged from minor changes, such as maintaining a familiar interviewer, to more extensive novel methods such as photo-elicitation techniques. Twenty-seven studies provided a rationale for adapting their methods. No studies assessed impacts of their methodology on engagement or accessibility. Five studies observed that their methodology supported engagement. This review helps understand the breadth of adaptations that researchers have made to qualitative research methods to include people with dementia in research. Research is needed to explore adaptations and their impact on engagement of persons with dementia with a range of abilities and backgrounds.