bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polish mental and sexual health specialists working with transgender and gender diverse persons – who are they and what is their background?
Authors: Grabski Bartosz , Koziara Karolina , Kania Toni , Pliczko Mateusz Piotr , Mijas Magdalena Ewa 
Published: February 2024

Cel pracyPrzedstawienie charakterystyki demograficznej i zawodowej polskich specjalistek, specjalistów i osób specjalizujących się w obszarze zdrowia psychicznego i seksualnego (mental and sexual health specialists, MSHS) mających doświadczenie w pracy klinicznej z osobami transpłciowymi i różnorodnymi płciowo (transgender and gender diverse; TGD).MetodaBadanie miało charakter przekrojowy i przeprowadzone zostało za pomocą platformy LimeSurvey. Udział w badaniu wzięło 239 MSHS o różnorodnym wykształceniu zawodowym i na różnych etapach kariery zawodowej, mających doświadczenie pracy z pacjentami/tkami TGD. Osoby uczestniczące w badaniu poproszone zostały o podanie podstawowych danych demograficznych (np. tożsamości płciowej i seksualnej) i zawodowych (np. znajomość wiodących standardów i wytycznych). Zastosowano metody statystyki opisowej.WynikiWiek badanej próby wynosił średnio 39,5 lat (SD 7,92) i większość stanowiły osoby o przypisanej płci żeńskiej (73,2%). W grupie badanej dominowali psychoterapeuci/tki (70%), inne grupy zawodowe to psychologowie/żki (53%), lekarze/rki (31%) i certyfikowani seksuolodzy/żki (5,9%). Większość (72%) praktykowała w dużych miastach (>500 tys.). 68,6% osób podało tożsamość kobiecą, 24,7% męską, a 6,3% TGD. 63,2% osób było heteroseksualnych, 12,1% homoseksualnych, 12,6% biseksualnych, a 12,1% podało inną tożsamość seksualną. Znaczenie i praktykowanie religii było znacząco mniejsze niż dla ogółu polskiego społeczeństwa. Większość osób, które wzięły udział w badaniu oceniła swoją znajomość podstawowych wytycznych w pracy z osobami TGD jako niesatysfakcjonującą lub złą, a szkolenia w trakcie kształcenia zawodowego jako niewystarczające.WnioskiOsoby świadczące usługi kliniczne dla klientów i klientek TGD stanowią zróżnicowaną zawodowo grupę. Istnieje pilna potrzeba poszerzenia i intensyfikacji szkoleń zawodowych kierowanych do MSHS w zakresie tematyki dotyczącej opieki nad zdrowiem osób TGD.
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination
Authors: Yoshino Yuta , Tsuboi Ken 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Large-scale clinical studies for COVID-19 vaccines have shown the infection-preventing effect and short-term adverse effects. Some rare illnesses such as eosinophilia can develop following COVID-19 vaccinations. Case description: We report a case of 65-year-old man with unexplained abdominal pain that developed 2 weeks after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. The patient had received a second dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and revealed eosinophilia at the first visit to our hospital. Eosinophil infiltration was observed in the lamina propria of the duodenum by a step biopsy. Montelukast 10 mg was administered as the initial treatment of eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE), and the abdominal pain was improved. Discussion: The strong influence of COVID-19 vaccination on the development of EGE remains unproven. Reports of eosinophilia following COVID-19 vaccination have discussed that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination triggered an eosinophilic response. Conclusion: This case presented EGE that developed following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, which would be a rare adverse event.
Bystander experiences of domestic violence and abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Walker Alex , Fenton Rachel A. , Parry Bryony , Barton Emma R. , Snowdon Lara C. , Donovan Catherine , Bellis Mark A. , Hughes Karen 
Published: February 2024

This article seeks to understand the experiences of bystanders to domestic violence and abuse (DVA) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales. Globally, professionals voiced concern over the COVID-19 restrictions exacerbating conditions for DVA to occur. Yet evidence suggests this also increased opportunities for bystanders to become aware of DVA and take action against it. This mixed methods study consists of a quantitative online survey and follow-up interviews with survey respondents. Conducted in Wales, UK, during a national lockdown in 2021, this article reports on the experiences of 186 bystanders to DVA during the pandemic.
Results suggest that bystanders had increased opportunity to become aware of DVA due to the pandemic restrictions. Results support the bystander situational model whereby respondents have to become aware of the behaviour, recognise it as a problem, feel that they possess the correct skills, and have confidence in their skills, before they will take action. Having received bystander training was a significant predictor variable in bystanders taking action against DVA; this is an important finding that should be utilised to upskill general members of the community.
“Hidden phase” in two-wavelength adaptive optics
Authors: Hyde Milo W. , McCrae Jack E. , Kalensky Matthew , Spencer Mark F. 
Published: February 2024

Two-wavelength adaptive optics (AO), where sensing and correcting (from a beacon) are performed at one wavelength λ
B
and compensation and observation (after transmission through the atmosphere) are performed at another λ
T
, has historically been analyzed and practiced assuming negligible irradiance fluctuations (i.e., weak scintillation). Under these conditions, the phase corrections measured at λ
B
are robust over a relatively large range of wavelengths, resulting in a negligible decrease in AO performance. In weak-to-moderate scintillation conditions, which result from distributed-volume atmospheric aberrations, the pupil-phase function becomes discontinuous, producing what Fried called the “hidden phase” because it is not sensed by traditional least-squares phase reconstructors or unwrappers. Neglecting the hidden phase has a significant negative impact on AO performance even with perfect least-squares phase compensation. To the authors’ knowledge, the hidden phase has not been studied in the context of two-wavelength AO. In particular, how does the hidden phase sensed at λ
B
relate to the compensation (or observation) wavelength λ
T
? If the hidden phase is highly correlated across λ
B
and λ
T
, like the least-squares phase, it is worth sensing and correcting; otherwise, it is not. Through a series of wave optics simulations, we find an approximate expression for the hidden-phase correlation coefficient as a function of λ
B
, λ
T
, and the scintillation strength. In contrast to the least-squares phase, we determine that the hidden phase (when present) is correlated over a small band of wavelengths centered on λ
T
. Over the range λ
B
,λ
T
∈[1,3]µm and in weak-to-moderate scintillation conditions (spherical-wave log-amplitude variance σ
χ
2∈[0.1,0.5]), we find the average hidden-phase correlation linewidth to be approximately 0.35 µm. Consequently, for |λ
B
−λ
T
| greater than this linewidth, including the hidden phase does not significantly improve AO performance over least-squares phase compensation.
Pomegranate extract-loaded sphingosomes for the treatment of cancer: Phytochemical investigations, formulation, and antitumor activity evaluation
Authors: AlMadalli Huda Jamal , Abdul Rasool Bazigha K. , Shehab Naglaa Gamil , Sala Francesca Della , Borzacchiello Assunta 
Published: February 2024

Aim
Formulation of Pomegranate Extracts (PE)-loaded sphingosomes as an antitumor therapy for the intravenous and passive targeted delivery to various tumor types, especially that of the breast, colon, and uterus; to increase the therapeutic activity and decrease the adverse effects profile.

Methods
The pericarp and seeds’ juice of Punica granatum were each extracted using D.W. and ethanol. Phytochemical investigation of all extracts was carried out including total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins contents, the antioxidant activity, as well as HPLC analysis of phenolics and flavonoids. The antitumor potential of all extracts was also tested utilizing three cell lines: MCF-7, HeLa, and HCT116. The candidate extract was chosen for the formulation phase and was entrapped into the sphingosomes using the thin-film hydration method and employing three different PE: lipids weight ratios. The synthesized formulations were characterized for their size, morphological features, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release and kinetics modeling studies. The optimized formula was further analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy and electron microscopy. The antitumor activity of F2 was also investigated using the same cancer cell lines compared to the plant extract.

Results
The highest phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins contents were observed in the ethanolic pericarps extract (EPE), followed by the ethanolic seeds extract (ESE). Consequently, EPE showed a higher antitumor activity hence it was selected for the formulation phase. PE-loaded sphingosomes formula (F2) was selected for having the highest EE% (71.64%), and a sustained release profile with the highest in vitro release (42.5±9.44%). By employing the DDSolver, the Weibull model was found the most suitable to describe the PE release kinetics compared to other models. The release mechanism was found to follow Fickian diffusion. Simulated pharmacokinetic parameters have portrayed F2 as the candidate formula, with the highest AUC (536.095) and slowest MDT (0.642 h). In addition, F2 exhibited a significant (p>0.05) stronger and prolonged anticancer effect against MCF-7, HeLa, and HCT116 cell lines at all concentrations tested compared to the free extract.

Conclusion
The results proved that sphingosomes are an effective delivery system, improving pharmacological efficacy and reducing serious side effects of anticancer medications and natural products.
Time to tuberculosis development and its predictors among HIV-positive patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ajema Abraham Teka , Simachew Yilkal , Meshesha Meiraf Daniel , Gari Taye 
Published: February 2024

Objectives
To assess the incidence and predictors of time to Tuberculosis (TB) development among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients attending follow-up care in health facilities of Hawassa, Ethiopia.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study from April 1–30, 2023. A total of 422 participants were selected using a simple random sampling method. Data was collected from the medical records of patients enrolled between January 1, 2018 –December 31, 2022, using the Kobo toolbox. We used Statistical Package for Social Studies (SPSS) version 26.0 for data analysis. To estimate the duration of TB-free survival, we applied the Kaplan-Meier survival function and fitted Cox proportional hazard models to identify the predictors of time to TB development. Adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and statistical significance was declared at a P-value of 0.05.

Results
The overall incidence rate of TB among HIV-positive patients was 6.26 (95% CI: 4.79–8.17) per 100 person-years (PYs). Patients who did not complete TB Preventive Therapy (TPT) were more likely to have TB than those who did (AHR = 6.2, 95% CI: 2.34–16.34). In comparison to those who began antiretroviral therapy (ART) within a week, those who began after a week of linkage had a lower risk of TB development (AHR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.21–0.89). Patients who received ART for six to twelve months (AHR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05–0.61) and for twelve months or longer (AHR = 0.004, 95% CI: 0.001–0.02) exhibited a decreased risk of TB development in comparison to those who had ART for less than six months.

Conclusion
The incidence of TB among HIV-positive patients is still high. To alleviate this burden, special attention should be given to regimen optimization and provision of adherence support for better completion of TPT, sufficient patient preparation, thorough clinical evaluation for major (Opportunistic Infections) OIs prior to starting ART, and ensuring retention on ART.
Allogeneic limbo-deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (Limbo-DALK)—A novel surgical technique in corneal stromal disease and limbal stem cell deficiency
Authors: Schöneberger Verena , Tahmaz Volkan , Matthaei Mario , Roters Sigrid , Schlereth Simona L. , Schaub Friederike , Cursiefen Claus , Bachmann Björn O. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
To describe a novel corneal surgical technique combining Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) with grafting of allogeneic limbus (Limbo-DALK) for the treatment of eyes with corneal stromal pathology and limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).

Methods
Clinical records of six Limbo-DALKs performed in five patients diagnosed with LSCD and corneal stromal pathology requiring keratoplasty were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were diagnosed with LSCD due to various pathologies including thermal and chemical burns, congenital aniridia or chronic inflammatory ocular surface disease. Parameters analysed included demographics, diagnoses, clinical history, thickness measurements using anterior segment OCT, visual acuity, and epithelial status. Regular follow-up visits were scheduled at 6 weeks as well as 3, 6, 9, and 12 and 18 months postoperatively. Main outcome measures were time to graft epithelialisation and the occurrence of corneal endothelial decompensation.

Results
Two grafts showed complete epithelial closure at 2 days, two at 14 days. In one eye, complete epithelial closure was not achieved after the first Limbo-DALK, but was achieved one month after the second Limbo-DALK. No endothelial decompensation occurred except in one patient with silicone oil associated keratopathy. Endothelial graft rejection was not observed in any of the grafts.

Conclusion
Based on the data from this pilot series, limbo-DALK appears to be a viable surgical approach for eyes with severe LSCD and corneal stromal pathology, suitable for emergency situations (e.g. corneal ulceration with impending corneal perforation), while minimising the risk of corneal endothelial decompensation.
Who is our friend and who is our enemy? The enregisterment of tribalising digital discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hua Zhu , Wei Li 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study demonstrates how tribalism and nationalism, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, have given rise to the enregisterment of a cultural discursive practice – dui (怼) – on Chinese social media. Based on a sample of social media posts collected through a combination of ‘noticing’ and systematic data scanning and archiving over a month, our analysis shows that dui shifted from a discursive practice of friendly teasing, a specific function that underpinned its rise of popularity prior to the onset of the pandemic, to an oppositional discursive practice characterised by wrangling, words of violence and a conversationalised journalistic discourse of refuting. We argue that COVID-19 has heightened Chinese netizens’ sensitivities towards China’s perceived friends and enemies. This politicisation, together with the associated traditional discourses of national pride and humiliation, contributed to the emergence of dui as a tribalising discourse, which in turn has further destabilised and polarised the user community on Chinese social media and beyond. The study illustrates the mutually constitutive nature of the enregisterment of discursive practices and social relationships and the importance of bringing together discourse analytical and socio-cultural perspectives in analytical terms.
The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Technological Innovation of Enterprises: Based on Empirical Evidences of the Implementation of Pollution Charges in China
Authors: Wang Yuxing , Ye Wenhui , Wang Bichun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Environmental protection is closely related to high-quality economic developments. Based on the matching of micro-databases from 2000 to 2008, this study used the “Regulations on the Collection and Use of Pollution Fees” policy implemented in China in 2003 as the exogenous impact to construct the intensity Difference in Differences model in order to investigate the effects of pollutant discharge fee on technological innovation of enterprises and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that governmental environmental regulations significantly improved the level of technological innovation of enterprises, and the conclusion was still valid after a series of robustness tests. The results of the parallel trend verified the rationality of the differential setting and the dynamic effects showed that the pollutant discharge fees had a continuous promoting effect on the technological innovation of enterprises. The results of the placebo tests rejected the original hypothesis of the mistaken model. The mechanism verifications revealed that the strengthening of environmental regulation by the government acted on the innovation level of enterprises through the two mechanisms, i.e., the promotion of enterprises’ fixed asset investments and government subsidies, and finally improved the enterprises’ technological innovation levels.
Effect of nano-TiO2 on physical and rheological properties of asphalt cement
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Mahir , Abed Alaa H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent years, nano-modified asphalt has gained significant attraction from researchers in the design of asphalt pavement fields. The recently discovered Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) are among the most exciting and promising nanomaterials. This study examines the effect of 1, 3, 5, and 7% of nano-TiO2 by weight of asphalt on some of its rheological and hardened properties. The experimental study included physical and rheological properties. The asphalt penetration, softening point, ductility, and rotational viscometer tests indicate that 5% nano-TiO2 is the ideal amount to be added to bitumen as a modifier. The study of the rotating viscosity test showed that the addition of nano-TiO2 helped to increase viscosity and lessen bituminous sensitivity. Rutting factor in terms of G*/sin δ indicated the addition of 3 to 7% of nano-TiO2 increased the rutting resistance of asphalt against higher temperatures and promoted performance grade by about one grade at 3% and two grades at a range of 5–7% this suggests that nano-TiO2 increased the stiffness of the asphalt and leading to enhance the rutting performance of asphalt. While fatigue parameter, G*.sin δ shows that as nanocontent increases, higher stiffness at 5 and 7% of TiO2 content leads to an increase in complex modulus and a decrease in fatigue parameter. Higher creep stiffness and higher m-values were noted at low temperatures as nano increases in asphalt binder, increasing stiffness and decreasing the m-value at −6 and 12°C. As a result, using 5% nano-TiO2 will improve asphalt’s physical properties and enhance asphalt anit-rutting and fatigue resistance.
A fast convergent solution of wave propagation for multilayer inhomogeneous cylindrical dielectric waveguides using a semianalytical method
Authors: Weng Qianru 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an accurate and efficient semianalytical method based on the Galerkin procedure for solving electromagnetic wave propagation problems in multilayer inhomogeneous cylindrical dielectric waveguides. The method represents the field in each inhomogeneous layer by a linear combination of eigenfunctions with unknown coefficients, which are expressed using the inner products of a series of basis functions, following the Galerkin procedure. The continuity of the field and its radial derivative is enforced at the interface between adjacent layers. By applying this procedure to all inhomogeneous layers, the Helmholtz equations are transformed into linear algebraic equations with expanded coefficients in matrix form, allowing the complicated wave propagation problem in a multilayer inhomogeneous waveguide to be solved as a matrix eigenvalue problem. The method is validated by providing detailed propagation characteristics for various multilayer inhomogeneous cylinders with different permittivity profiles. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are demonstrated through comparisons with results obtained using other numerical techniques.
Design of a dual-band wearable flexible MIMO antenna system for ISM band applications
Authors: Yang Lingsheng , Sun Yuhan , Zhang Jiaru , Xie Yizhuang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article proposes a dual-band (2.4/5.8 GHz) wearable MIMO antenna system that can be applied to the ISM band. The antenna element uses an improved coplanar waveguide feeding structure. The four-element antenna system achieves high isolation between antenna elements through the self-decoupling structure of the antenna element and the orthogonal placement. The use of a floating ground structure effectively suppresses back radiation. Through the combination of coplanar waveguide feeding and floating ground, the antenna not only has a low profile but also improves the front-to-back ratio of antenna radiation, reducing the SAR value. The antenna also uses felt as a flexible dielectric substrate and conductive cloth as a radiation element, making the antenna flexible.
Manganese and copper-coated nickel oxide nanoparticles synthesized from Carica papaya leaf extract induce antimicrobial activity and breast cancer cell death by triggering mitochondrial caspases and p53
Authors: Alzahrani Badr , Elderdery Abozer Y. , Alsrhani Abdullah , Alzerwi Nasser A. N. , Althobiti Maryam Musleh , Rayzah Musaed , Idrees Bandar , Elkhalifa Ahmed M. E. , Alabdulsalam Abdulrahim A. , Alsultan Afnan , Bakhsh Ebtisam , ALSuhaymi Naif , Kumar Suresh S. , Mok Pooi Ling 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the present work, manganese–copper co-infused nickel oxide nanoparticles (MnCu co-doped NiO NPs) were formulated via a green process using Carica papaya extract. The MnCu co-doped NiO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis, Fourier transform infrared, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. The XRD pattern demonstrated that synthesized MnCu co-doped NiO NPs exhibit cubic structure. On the PL spectrum, various surface defects were identified. MnCu co-doped NiO NPs exhibited ferromagnetic properties at 37°C. The antimicrobial activity of green synthesis MnCu co-doped NiO NPs against human pathogens (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Candida albicans as fungal strains were demonstrated. The MnCu co-doped NiO NPs treatment considerably reduced MDA-MB-231 cell viability while not disturbing HBL-100 cell viability. Different fluorescent staining analyses revealed that MnCu co-doped NiO NPs induced nuclear and mitochondrial damage to improve free radical production, altering mitochondrial membrane protein potential, which led to apoptotic cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells. The MnCu co-doped NiO NP treatment enhanced pro-apoptotic protein expression and inhibited the cell cycle at the S phase in MDA-MB-231 cells. This makes it easy, cheap, and environmentally friendly to make MnCu co-doped NiO NPs using C. papaya extract, which has excellent antimicrobial properties.