bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applications of Time‐Frequency Domain Polarization Filtering to InSight Seismic Data
Authors: Brinkman N. , Sollberger D. , Schmelzbach C. , Stähler S. C. , Robertsson J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe seismometer Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) onboard the InSight lander was used to continuously record the seismicity on Mars from February 2019 to December 2022. To maximize the information that can be extracted from the seismic data, it is critical to identify and to suppress undesired features (e.g., environmental noise, scattered waves, seismic imprint of lander vibrations) and non‐seismic noise (e.g., instrument related artifacts). We present an advanced polarization filtering workflow in the time‐frequency domain to suppress undesired features and to enhance the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the SEIS recordings. We estimate time‐frequency‐dependent polarization attributes such as the ellipticity, directionality of the particle motion, and the degree of polarization to identify and filter out undesired data parts. After filtering in the time‐frequency domain, the seismic data are transformed back to the time domain, yielding broadband waveform data that can be used for further seismological analysis. We illustrate the benefits of our filtering approach with three use cases. Firstly, we show how polarization filtered data can help to constrain the source mechanism of the sol 1,222 event, the largest marsquake detected so far. Using the proposed polarization filtering techniques, we are able to enhance the S‐wave arrival by suppressing interfering randomly polarized scattered waves to successfully infer on the moment tensor of this event. Secondly, we show that polarization filters can be used to suppress instrument‐related glitches and, thirdly, to remove the seismic imprint left by the vibrating lander (mechanical resonances of the lander).
Providing capacity in glaucoma care using trained and accredited optometrists: A qualitative evaluation
Authors: Gunn Patrick J. G. , Read Simon , Dickinson Christine , Fenerty Cecilia H. , Harper Robert A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The role of optometrists in glaucoma within primary and secondary care has been well described. Whilst many studies examined safety and clinical effectiveness, there is a paucity of qualitative research evaluating enablers and barriers for optometrists delivering glaucoma care. The aims of this study are to investigate qualitatively, and from a multi-stakeholder perspective whether optometric glaucoma care is accepted as an effective alternative to traditional models and what contextual factors impact upon their success.

Methods
Patients were recruited from clinics at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital and nationally via a Glaucoma UK registrant database. Optometrists, ophthalmologists, and other stakeholders involved in glaucoma services were recruited via direct contact and through an optometry educational event. Interviews and focus groups were recorded and transcribed anonymously, then analysed using the framework method and NVivo 12.

Results
Interviews and focus groups were conducted with 38 participants including 14 optometrists and 6 ophthalmologists (from all 4 UK nations), and 15 patients and 3 commissioners/other stakeholders. Themes emerging related to: enablers and drivers; challenges and barriers; training; laser; professional practice; the role of other health professionals; commissioning; COVID-19; and patient experience.

Conclusion
Success in developing glaucoma services with optometrists and other health professionals is reliant on multi-stakeholder input, investment in technology and training, inter-professional respect and appropriate time and funding to set up and deliver services. The multi-stakeholder perspective affirms there is notable support for developing glaucoma services delivered by optometrists in primary and secondary care, with caveats around training, appropriate case selection and clinical responsibility.
Medical ethics of long-duration spaceflight
Authors: Rajput Siddharth , Mayor Ivy , Diamond Madison , Rosenberg Mark , Cole Victor , Bhakare Nikita , Aziz Omar , Wilder Anderson L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the advent of novel and emerging technologies, long duration spaceflight will become more common; along with it, an increase in its inherent health risks. However, health-related ethical issues arising during long-duration spaceflight remain poorly characterized, uncertain and unpredictable. Medical ethics is defined as a set of moral principles, beliefs and values that guides choices about medical care. This set of principles, founded in our sense of right and wrong, helps us make fair and just decisions. The paper conceptually and analytically investigates the ethical issues likely to arise from medical complications during spaceflight, mapping unfilled gaps of the current status quo. Furthermore, this paper explores broad ethical themes of autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence and justice, while also delving deeper into specific scenarios within each theme. The manuscript represents an up-to-date review of the available literature in the field of space medical ethics and recommends guiding ethical principles and a framework for their application to negotiate the resolution of complex ethical scenarios during long-duration spaceflight.
Generation of “OP7 chimera” defective interfering influenza A particle preparations free of infectious virus that show antiviral efficacy in mice
Authors: Dogra Tanya , Pelz Lars , Boehme Julia D. , Kuechler Jan , Kershaw Olivia , Marichal-Gallardo Pavel , Baelkner Maike , Hein Marc D. , Gruber Achim D. , Benndorf Dirk , Genzel Yvonne , Bruder Dunja , Kupke Sascha Y. , Reichl Udo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInfluenza A virus (IAV) defective interfering particles (DIPs) are considered as new promising antiviral agents. Conventional DIPs (cDIPs) contain a deletion in the genome and can only replicate upon co-infection with infectious standard virus (STV), during which they suppress STV replication. We previously discovered a new type of IAV DIP “OP7” that entails genomic point mutations and displays higher antiviral efficacy than cDIPs. To avoid safety concerns for the medical use of OP7 preparations, we developed a production system that does not depend on infectious IAV. We reconstituted a mixture of DIPs consisting of cDIPs and OP7 chimera DIPs, in which both harbor a deletion in their genome. To complement the defect, the deleted viral protein is expressed by the suspension cell line used for production in shake flasks. Here, DIP preparations harvested are not contaminated with infectious virions, and the fraction of OP7 chimera DIPs depended on the multiplicity of infection. Intranasal administration of OP7 chimera DIP material was well tolerated in mice. A rescue from an otherwise lethal IAV infection and no signs of disease upon OP7 chimera DIP co-infection demonstrated the remarkable antiviral efficacy. The clinical development of this new class of broad-spectrum antiviral may contribute to pandemic preparedness.
The association between leisure-time physical activity and blood pressure changes from adolescence to young adulthood: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Yari-Boroujeni Reza , Farjad Mohammad-Farid , Olazadeh Keyvan , Cheraghi Leila , Parvin Parnian , Azizi Fereidoun , Amiri Parisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe effectiveness of long-term leisure time physical activity (LTPA) on blood pressure (BP) changes is still under debate. Since adolescence lifestyle behaviors shape the adulthood health profile, this study aimed to investigate the sex-specific impact of LTPA on BP changes from adolescence to young adulthood. This longitudinal study uses the data of 1412 adolescents (52% females) aged 12–18 years through a median follow-up of 12.2 years in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) framework. LTPA was calculated using the reliable and valid Iranian version of the modified activity scale (MAQ), and BP was measured at least twice by trained physicians. The linear mixed model was used to examine the study variables, considering individual and intrapersonal differences during the study. The majority of participants consistently demonstrated insufficient LTPA throughout the follow-up assessments, ranging from 54.7 to 67.1% for males and 77.7–83.4% for females. Despite a declining trend in LTPA (β = − 2.77 for males and β = − 1.43 for females), an increasing trend was noticeable in SBP, DBP, and BMI (β = 1.38, β = 1.81, β = 0.97 for males, and β = 0.10, β = 0.20, β = 0.97 for females, respectively). The unadjusted model revealed a significant trend in all variables for both sexes, except for female BP (P = 0.45 for SBP and P = 0.83 for DBP). Using the adjusted model, no significant association was observed between LTPA and changes in BP over time in both sexes. Our study indicates no association between LTPA and BP changes from adolescence to young adulthood. Insufficient LTPA levels, particularly among Iranian females, are likely the primary factor. Further research is crucial to identify appropriate LTPA levels to promote cardiovascular health and implement targeted interventions to achieve optimal LTPA levels in the Iranian population.
Endoscopic gallbladder inside-stenting combined with aspirated lavage for calculous cholecystitis in poor surgical candidates: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Inoue Tadahisa , Kitano Rena , Ibusuki Mayu , Kobayashi Yuji , Ito Kiyoaki , Yoneda Masashi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough long-term stent placement via endoscopic gallbladder stenting (EGBS) reportedly reduces cholecystitis recurrence in patients unfit to undergo cholecystectomy, it can increase the frequency of other late adverse events (AEs) such as cholangitis. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of endoscopic gallbladder inside-stenting (EGB-IS) with lavage and aspiration. This prospective, single-center, pilot study enrolled 83 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis who were poor candidates for surgery. A dedicated catheter with eight side holes was used for lavage and aspiration, and a dedicated single-pigtail stent equipped with a thread was used for EGB-IS. Outcomes such as technical success, clinical success, early AEs, recurrence of cholecystitis, and other symptomatic late AEs associated with EGB-IS with lavage and aspiration were evaluated. The technical and clinical success rates were 80.7% (67/83) and 98.5% (66/67), respectively. The rate of early AEs was 3.6% (3/83). The rate of recurrent cholecystitis was 4.5% (3/66) and that of symptomatic late AEs (besides cholecystitis) was 6.1% (4/66). Consequently, the rate of overall late AEs (cholecystitis plus other events) was 10.6% (7/66). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year cumulative incidence rates of all late AEs were 3.2%, 11.2%, and 18.9%, respectively. EGB-IS with lavage and aspiration for calculous cholecystitis showed promising results in poor surgical candidates. EGB-IS may be useful when EGBS with long-term stent placement is planned, since prevention of cholecystitis recurrence, without a rise in the incidence of other AEs, is anticipated.
Energy dissipation on magic angle twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Ollier Alexina , Kisiel Marcin , Lu Xiaobo , Gysin Urs , Poggio Martino , Efetov Dmitri K. , Meyer Ernst 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTraditional Joule dissipation omnipresent in today’s electronic devices is well understood while the energy loss of the strongly interacting electron systems remains largely unexplored. Twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) is a host to interaction-driven correlated insulating phases, when the relative rotation is close to the magic angle (1.08∘). We report on low-temperature (5K) nanomechanical energy dissipation of tBLG measured by pendulum atomic force microscopy (p-AFM). The ultrasensitive cantilever tip acting as an oscillating gate over the quantum device shows dissipation peaks attributed to different fractional fillings of the flat energy bands. Local detection allows to determine the twist angle and spatially resolved dissipation images showed the existence of hundred-nanometer domains of different doping. Application of magnetic fields provoked strong oscillations of the dissipation signal at 3/4 band filling, identified in analogy to Aharonov-Bohm oscillations, a wavefunction interference present between domains of different doping and a signature of orbital ferromagnetism.
Transport and deposition of ocean-sourced microplastic particles by a North Atlantic hurricane
Authors: Ryan Anna C. , Allen Deonie , Allen Steve , Maselli Vittorio , LeBlanc Amber , Kelleher Liam , Krause Stefan , Walker Tony R. , Cohen Mark 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe atmosphere can transport large quantities of microplastics and disperse them throughout the globe to locations inaccessible by many other transport mechanisms. Meteorological events have been proven to pick up and transport particulate matter, however, how they influence the transport and deposition of atmospheric microplastics is still poorly understood. Here we present samples of atmospheric fallout collected during Hurricane Larry as it passed over Newfoundland, Canada in September 2021. During the storm peak, 1.13 × 105 particles m−2 day−1 were deposited, with a decline in deposition after the storm passed. Back-trajectory modelling and polymer type analysis indicate that those microplastics may have been ocean-sourced as the hurricane traversed the garbage patch of the North Atlantic Gyre. This study identifies the influence of North Atlantic hurricanes on the atmospheric transport and deposition of ocean-sourced microplastics and the possible consequences of increased exposure to microplastics in remote areas.
Learning filter selection policies for interpretable image denoising in parametrised action space
Authors: Xi Runtao , Lyu Jiahao , Ma Tian , Sun Kang , Zhang Yu , Chen XiaoLin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe denoising of images is an important research direction in computer vision. We consider the image denoising task as an estimation problem of the filtering policy related to image features, which is different from end‐to‐end image mapping. Commonly used simple filters such as gaussian filtering and bilateral filtering have fixed global denoising policies. However, the denoising policies of different filters can only adapt to limited image features. To solve this problem, we propose a method that applies different filters to different spatial ranges and adjusts the parameters of these filters simultaneously. Since not all filters can be easily transformed into differentiable forms and it is difficult to obtain paired datasets of filter action areas, we use reinforcement learning (RL) methods to estimate the spatial domain action range and adjustable parameters of filters, respectively. Furthermore, for removing higher intensity noise, simple filters can iteratively approximate higher‐order denoising policies and obtain more accurate and stable denoising results with the increase of iteration steps. Experimental results show that our proposed method can not only generate intuitive and interpretable denoising policies but also achieve comparable or better visual effects and computational efficiency than baseline methods.
HD‐Net: A hybrid dynamic spatio‐temporal network for traffic flow prediction
Authors: Liu Lijuan , Wang Fengzhi , Liu Hang , Zhu Shunzhi , Wang Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAccurately predicting traffic flow is crucial for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In recent years, many deep learning‐based prediction models have been widely applied in traffic flow prediction, and various spatio‐temporal networks have been proposed. However, most of the existing models follow a general technical route to extract the spatio‐temporal features, which lack the capacity of extracting the important historical information with the high spatial and temporal correlations dynamically and deeply. How to develop a well‐performance traffic flow prediction model for a complex transportation network is still facing some challenges. In this paper, a hybrid dynamic spatio‐temporal network (HD‐Net) for traffic flow prediction is proposed. In HD‐Net, the authors first extract the dynamic spatio‐temporal features using dynamic graph convolution and bidirectional gate recurrent uni (BiGRU). Subsequently, the authors extract the important features with high spatial and temporal correlations from the obtained dynamic spatio‐temporal features using an auto‐correlation mechanism from a local perspective, and self‐attention mechanism from a global perspective, respectively. Extensive experiments have been conducted on two real‐world traffic datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed HD‐Net outperforms the baselines in the field of capturing the dynamic and important spatio‐temporal features with high correlations.
Quantum computing applications for Internet of Things
Authors: Peelam Mritunjay Shall , Rout Anjaney Asreet , Chamola Vinay 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rapidly developing discipline of quantum computing (QC) employs ideas from quantum physics to improve the performance of traditional computers and other devices. Because of the dramatically improved speed at which it processes data, it can be applied to various issues. QC has many potential applications, but three of the most exciting applications are unstructured search, quantum simulation, and network optimisation. Several existing technologies, such as machine learning, may benefit from its increased speed and precision. In this study, the authors will explore how the principles of QC might be applied to the Internet of Things (IoT) to improve its accuracy, speed, and security. Several approaches exist for achieving this goal, such as network optimisation in IoT using QC, faster computation at IoT endpoints, securing IoT using QC, a quantum sensor for IoT, quantum digital marketing, quantum‐secured smart lock etc.
Impact of Google searches and social media on digital assets’ volatility
Authors: Said Fathin Faizah , Somasuntharam Raja Solan , Yaakub Mohd Ridzwan , Sarmidi Tamat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdvanced digitalization and financial technology have of recent times become among the most crucial tools. Data mining and sentiment analysis have revealed the importance of digitalization in modern times. This study examines the influence of Google search activity on the volatility of digital assets. We analyzed six digital asset prices for Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ethereum, Ethereum Classic, Litecoin, and Ripple from the Coinmarketcap database. We used tweets on Twitter to survey users’ sentiment by using the Twitter search Application Programming Interface and Google trend search from web searches, news searches, and YouTube searches data using RStudio software. The study spanned 1 September 2019 to 31 January 2020 and employed the Vector Autoregression (VAR) approach for analysis. The VAR estimation revealed that Google search variables have significantly influenced the volatility of Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, and Ripple, as supported by the Granger causality test and impulse response function. The results of this study could be useful for investors and policymakers in drawing up strategies to reduce market volatility. These results should thus be useful to investors in developing profitable investment strategies to mitigate the impact of market turbulence.
Spin-dependent electrochemistry and electrochemical enantioselective recognition with chiral methylated bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalenes
Authors: Stefani Andrea , Bogdan Alexandra , Pop Flavia , Tassinari Francesco , Pasquali Luca , Fontanesi Claudio , Avarvari Narcis 
Published: November 2023

Enantio-discrimination and spin-dependent electrochemistry (SDE), as a manifestation of the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, are important phenomena that can be probed by “chiral” electrochemistry. Here, we prepared chiralized surfaces of gold and nickel, to serve as working electrodes, through effective chemisorption of enantiopure dimethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (DM-BEDT-TTF) 1, tetramethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (TM-BEDT-TTF) 2, and their capped silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) aggregate by simple incubation of the metallic substrates. The effective chemisorption was checked by means of ultrahigh vacuum x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by electro-desorption experiments, i.e., cyclic voltammetry (CV) scans showing a first electro-desorption peak at about −1.0 V. The Au|1 and Au|2 chiral electrodes were successfully used in CV experiments exploiting chiral redox probes. Finally, the hybrid interfaces Ni|enantiopure 1 or 2|AgNPs served as working electrodes in SDE experiments. In particular, the hybrid chiral interfaces Ni|(R)-2|AgNPs and Ni|(S)-2|AgNPs exhibited a significant spin-filtering ability, as a manifestation of the CISS effect, with average spin polarization values of 15%.
Doing gender at the far right
Authors: Gustin Archibald 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Debates over the difference between populism and nationalism have been at the forefront of political research on the far right in recent years. This paper aims to provide an empirical support for the claim that nationalism and populism are two distinct phenomena by analysing the articulations of both discourses in Vlaams Belang gender politics. In this perspective, this paper starts by presenting Benjamin De Cleen and Yannis Stavrakakis’s discursive-theoretical distinction of populism and nationalism (De Cleen and Stavrakakis 2017, 2020), before to introduce the literature on far right gender politics. The contribution then analyses Vlaams Belang's gender discourses by mobilizing this theoretical framework in order to show how this distinction can help us identifying the different dimensions underlying contemporary far right gender discourses. The article concludes by suggesting new avenues for a better understanding of the various discursive strands composing far right politics.
Modelling Small Artefact for Preservation – A Case Study of Perlis Heritage
Authors: Gopal L , Shukor S A A 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHeritage preservation is essential for preserving historical sites and cultural artefact for future generations. However, they are prone to damages and destructions due to weather conditions and other factors. 3D models and reconstructions can aid in the conservation of historical sites and artefact. LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology can be utilized to obtain accurate 3D representation of object or area of interest. This project aims to preserve one of the historical artefact in Perlis, Malaysia which is known as ‘Batu Nisan Acheh’ or the Acheh Gravestone by using 3D model and reconstruction. iPhone 13 Pro Max LiDAR scanner is used to collect the raw dataset of the artefact with Scaniverse application. MATLAB is employed for data processing which includes data filtering, noise reduction, downsampling and 3D surface reconstruction. In addition, a GUI application is also developed in enabling users to upload their desired point cloud files and produce its 3D model for future usage. Results show that the accuracy, effectiveness, and usability of heritage preservation initiatives are improved by combining iPhone 13 Pro Max LiDAR scanning with MATLAB processing, which is useful for virtual displays, restoration, and future study.