bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the crossroads between digital servitization and sustainability from a business marketing perspective
Authors: Tabacco Raffaella , Chiarvesio Maria , Romanello Rubina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we explored the contingency effects of digital servitization enabled by Industry 4.0 technologies and sustainability from the perspective of business-to-business marketing relationships. Our in-depth analysis of an Italian company showed the extent to which digital servitization can improve customers’ sustainability profiles and could be a lever to address the servitization paradox. However, to capture this sustainability value, companies must transform their supplier–customer relationships. Customer relationship management emerged as a critical element in this sense, especially when highly innovative services were offered.
E-coaching systems and social justice: ethical concerns about inequality, coercion, and stigmatization
Authors: Kamphorst B. A. , Anderson J. H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPoor self-regulation has been linked to various behaviors that contribute to pressing societal issues, including rising household debt, inefficient use of sustainable resources, and increasing healthcare demands. In light of this observation, the prospect of individuals receiving automated, tailored support by “e-coaching systems” to scaffold and improve their self-regulation is thought to hold promise for making society-wide progress in addressing such issues. Though there may be legitimate reasons for promoting the use of such systems, and individuals might welcome the support, our aim in the present article is to contribute to the ethics of e-coaching by showing how societal pressures towards the widespread adoption of automated e-coaching systems raise concerns in relation to three distinct aspects of social justice. We argue that societal inequalities may be introduced or exacerbated by (1) unequal access to the technologies, (2) unequally distributed restrictions to liberty and subjection to coercion, and (3) the potentially disparate impact of the use of e-coaching technologies on (self-)stigmatizing perceptions of competence. The article offers a research agenda for studying and addressing these concerns.
Unveiling the ethical positions of conversational AIs: a study on OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s Bard
Authors: McGrath Quintin P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn an era where conversational AIs (CAIs) like OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google's Bard are becoming integral to daily life, understanding their ethical positions is paramount. This research delves into the expressed moral values of these CAIs, exploring how their pre-training influences their ethical stances. The study aims to assess the articulated ethical positions of ChatGPT and Bard, uncovering whether these systems align with particular moral values. By understanding their ethical positions, the research seeks to provide insights into how these CAIs might respond to prompts and guide users in their selection and utilization. Utilizing O’Boyle and Forsyth’s Ethical Position Questionnaire (EPQ-5), the research evaluated the CAIs’ levels of idealism and relativism. The study also involved a third CAI, Anthropic’s Claude and an online human panel, to analyze the reasoning behind the responses, providing a more nuanced understanding of the ethical positions. The initial findings revealed that ChatGPT aligns more with an ‘absolutist’ position, endorsing strict adherence to moral principles, while Bard leans towards a ‘situationist’ stance, valuing flexibility and situational considerations. However, further analysis by Claude and humans suggested a more complex categorization, with ChatGPT fitting the 'exceptionist' categorization and Bard aligning with ‘absolutism.’ The research underscores the significance of recognizing the trained-in ethical positions of CAIs, as they are not neutral but reflect particular ethical leanings. Understanding these positions is vital for interpreting CAI outputs and using these systems effectively and ethically. The study calls for further exploration into how these ethical positions might influence real-world applications of CAIs.
Nicotine in electronic cigarettes
Authors: Althakfi Sara H. , Hameed Ahmed M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectronic cigarettes (ECs) are battery-powered gadgets that heat liquid to produce an aerosol. Nicotine is a primary ingredient in some e-liquids; however, due to a lack of quality control regulations, the nicotine may become tainted, or the measured and labelled values may not correspond. To avoid such issues, it is essential to identify the components that contribute to erroneous nicotine quantification. Herein, the differences between free-base nicotine and nicotine salts are discussed, highlighting the lower volatility of nicotine salts and their longer persistence in the body. Discrepancies were noted in the concentration of nicotine salts in some e-liquid samples, with labelled and measured values of 48 and 68.8 mg/mL, respectively, in one sample, and 24 and 33.1 mg/mL, respectively, in another. Inconsistencies were also observed in e-liquids labelled as nicotine-free: one sample had a nicotine concentration of 21.80 mg/cartridge, while another had a concentration of 23.91 mg/mL. The review also covers differences in the potency, flavour, and storage of nicotine under various conditions. Additionally, the literature suggests that the components in ECs are separated into the liquid and vapour phases; thus, phase selection should be considered to ensure optimal experimental outcomes. For instance, the vapour phase comprises the greatest quantities of volatile organic compounds, even though nicotine has been detected in all phases. Finally, the role of ECs in smoking cessation is discussed. The reviewed findings underscore the need for further research on e-liquids, particularly regarding their long-term clinical effects.
Determinants of adoption of climate smart agricultural technologies in wheat production in Arsi Zone, Oromia Region of Ethiopia
Authors: Geda Mustefa Bati , Haji Jema , Jemal Kedir , Zeleke Fresenbet 
Published: February 2024

AbstractClimate-resilient crop production requires the use of crop technology that can sustainably increase productivity, build resilience to climate change, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Despite countrywide initiatives that promote climate-smart agricultural technology (CSAT) adoption, the rate of adoption has been extremely low. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors that affect the adoption of CSATs in wheat production in the Arsi zone of the Oromia region of Ethiopia. Towards this, plot-level primary data were gathered from 628 plots that were managed by 422 randomly selected wheat-producing smallholder farmers in three selected districts of the Zone. Descriptive statistics and multivariate probit (MVP) model were used to analyze data. The major CSATs adopted for wheat production in the study area were improved wheat varieties (95%), integrated soil fertility management (85%), and irrigation (19%). The result of the MVP model revealed that farmers with higher levels of education, farming experience, and contact with extension workers, have credit access, have access to market information, have greater annual total income, and are closer to the nearest market center are more likely to adopt CSATs in wheat production. Therefore, it is recommended that to enhance the adoption of CSATs in wheat production, policymakers and other development partners should concentrate on the identified factors that were significantly associated with the decisions to adopt CSATs.
Multi-scale Convolutional Feature Fusion Network Based on Attention Mechanism for IoT Traffic Classification
Authors: Liao Niandong , Guan Jiayu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) has been extensively utilized in domains such as smart homes, healthcare, and other industries. With the exponential growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, they have become prime targets for malicious cyber-attacks. Effective classification of IoT traffic is, therefore, imperative to enable robust intrusion detection systems. However, IoT traffic data contain intricate spatial relationships and topological information, which traditional methods for traffic identification lack the capability to fully extract features and capture crucial characteristics. We propose a multi-scale convolutional feature fusion network augmented with a Convolutional Block Attention Module (MCF-CBAM) for accurate IoT traffic classification. The network incorporates three critical innovations: (1) Parallel convolution extracts multi-scale spatial features from traffic data. The 1 × 1 convolution operation reduces the amount of parameters and calculations of the network, thereby improving work efficiency. (2) The attention module suppresses less informative features while highlighting the most discriminative ones, enabling focused learning on decisive features. (3) Cross-scale connections with channel jumps reuse features from prior layers to enhance generalization. We evaluate the method extensively on three widely adopted public datasets. Quantitative results demonstrate MCF-CBAM establishes new state-of-the-art performance benchmarks for IoT traffic classification, surpassing existing methods by a significant margin. Qualitative visualizations of the learned attention weights provide intuitive insights into how the network automatically discovers the most decisive spatial features for identification. With its strong empirical performance and interpretable attention mechanisms, this work presents a promising deep learning solution to augment real-world IoT intrusion detection systems against growing cybersecurity threats.
Nursing Interventions to Improve the Sleep Quality of Hospitalized Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ashghab Akbar , Vahedian-Azimi Amir , Vafadar Zohreh , Mollahadi Mohsen , Sepandi Mojtaba 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of nursing interventions on sleep quality in hospitalized patients.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted, encompassing databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library, with publications up until September 2022 being considered. A random-effects model was utilized to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous outcomes.

Results
A total of 77 studies involving 7771 participants were included in the systematic review. Among these, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis, involving a total of 1153 participants. The meta-analysis results indicated a positive effect of nursing interventions on sleep quality, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score (SMD = −4.21, 95% CI = −5.75 to −2.67, P < 0.001), and the St. Mary’s Hospital Sleep Questionnaire (SMHSQ) (SMD = −1.87, 95% CI = −2.77 to −0.98, P < 0.001). However, there was substantial heterogeneity observed among the studies (I2 = 97.8%, P < 0.001 and I2 = 93.5%, P < 0.001, respectively). While a significant number of individual studies demonstrated that nursing interventions improved both sleep quantity and quality in hospitalized patients.

Conclusions
The meta-analysis identified three specific interventions; relaxation, music therapy, and the use of earplugs/eye masks, that had a positive impact on sleep quantity and quality. It is important to acknowledge that due to variations in methodological quality and heterogeneity among the included studies, drawing definitive conclusions regarding the effectiveness of different interventions is challenging, and interpreting the results with caution is necessary.
Impact of Evidence-Based Standardized Training on Competencies in Critical Care Nurses: A Quasi-Experimental Study Series Protocol on the Behalf of International Developing Standardized Learning Curve Team
Authors: Pandian Vinciya , Rahimi-Bashar Farshid , Gohari-Moghadam Keivan , Senol Celik Sevilay , Ait Hssain Ali , Vahedian-Azimi Amir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Critical care nurses are vital in the care of patients with life-threatening illnesses in intensive care units. To optimize their effectiveness, it is crucial to enhance their proficiency in professional care techniques. Implementing evidence-based training standards can improve nurses' knowledge, skills, and attitudes, ultimately enhancing healthcare services for patients.

Aim/purpose
The aim of this study protocol is to outline a series of quasi-experimental, non-randomized, single-group studies that assess the impact of standardized training courses on the development of competencies in diverse care techniques for critical care nurses.

Methodology
A comprehensive checklist will be created to evaluate nurses' professional qualifications in the specific care techniques under investigation. This checklist will be used during three expert panel sessions for each study. Nurses will then undergo theoretical and practical training to enhance their competence in implementing these techniques. To assess the training effectiveness, each nurse's competency level will be evaluated before, during, and after the training using a checklist to track their learning curve.

Results
This study will use the learning curve model to determine the optimal number of repetitions required for novice intensive care unit nurses to attain a satisfactory level of competence in each targeted care technique after training.

Conclusion
These findings could standardize nursing education practices and optimize skill practice frequency, leading to improved quality of education in the field.

Trial registration
This study is also registered at U.S. National Library of Medicine under "Clinicaltrials.gov" identifier NCT02830971, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02830971, first date registered 13/07/2016 and last updated on 15/04/2021.
Ecological niche modelling of Indigofera oblongifolia (Forssk.): a global machine learning assessment using climatic and non-climatic predictors
Authors: Mathur Manish , Mathur Preet 
Published: February 2024

AbstractClimate change and other extinction facilitators have caused significant shifts in the distribution patterns of many species during the past few decades. Restoring and protecting lesser-known species may be more challenging without adequate biogeographical information. To address this knowledge gap, the current study set out to determine the global spatial distribution patterns of Indigofera oblongifolia (Forssk) a relatively lesser-known leguminous species. This was accomplished by utilizing three distinct bioclimatic temporal frames (current, 2050, and 2070) and four greenhouse gas scenarios (RCPs 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5), in addition to non-climatic predictors such as global livestock population, human modification of terrestrial ecosystems, and global fertilizers application (nitrogen and phosphorus). Furthermore, we evaluate the degree of indigenousness using the geographical area, habitat suitability categories, and number of polygons. This research reveals that climatic predictors outperform non-climatic predictors in terms of improving model quality. Precipitation Seasonality is one of the most important factors influencing this species' optimum habitat suitability up to 150 mm for the current, 2050 RCP 8.5 and 2070-RCPs 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5. Our ellipsoid niche modelling extends the range of precipitation during the wettest quarter and maximum temperature during the warmest month to 637 mm and 26.5–31.80 degrees Celsius, respectively. India has a higher indigenous score in the optimal class than the African region. This findings suggest that the species in question tends to occupy contiguous regions in Africa, while in India, it is dispersed into several smaller meta-populations.
A Pediatric-Focused Self-Assessment Tool on Vulnerabilities to Aid Regional Disaster Planning
Authors: Pintea Michelle , Dahl Grove Deanna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
A significant number of disaster and emergency victims are children. Yet, many hospitals are ill-prepared to care for these patients during disasters, as identified by the National Pediatric Readiness Project’s survey of hospital pediatric disaster plans. The Region V for Kids Center of Excellence created a self-assessment tool to help regions identify vulnerabilities and ways to enhance care for vulnerable children and families.

Methods:
Region V for Kids identified 9 key domains (eg, infrastructures and support mechanisms) that are important to safeguard children’s and families’ care during disasters. A self-assessment tool to assess these domains was distributed to 24 regional health care coalitions along with a 9-question usefulness survey. The self-assessment tool addressed 3 of the original domains, which have regional or national open-source databases and datapoints that health care coalitions can access for their responses.

Results:
The survey received a 50% response rate. Approximately 40% of respondents indicated they were “somewhat likely” to make changes based on data gathered by the tool. The original self-assessment tool was revised to create an expanded web-based version.

Conclusions:
Health care coalitions and localities can use this tool to evaluate pediatric preparedness, identify needed improvements, and improve outcomes for children, families, and communities.
On denseness of horospheres in higher rank homogeneous spaces
Authors: LANDESBERG OR , OH HEE 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLet
$ G $
be a connected semisimple real algebraic group and
$\Gamma <G$
be a Zariski dense discrete subgroup. Let N denote a maximal horospherical subgroup of G, and
$P=MAN$
the minimal parabolic subgroup which is the normalizer of N. Let
$\mathcal E$
denote the unique P-minimal subset of
$\Gamma \backslash G$
and let
$\mathcal E_0$
be a
$P^\circ $
-minimal subset. We consider a notion of a horospherical limit point in the Furstenberg boundary
$ G/P $
and show that the following are equivalent for any
$[g]\in \mathcal E_0$
: (1)
$gP\in G/P$
is a horospherical limit point;(2)
$[g]NM$
is dense in
$\mathcal E$
;(3)
$[g]N$
is dense in
$\mathcal E_0$
.The equivalence of items (1) and (2) is due to Dal’bo in the rank one case. We also show that unlike convex cocompact groups of rank one Lie groups, the
$NM$
-minimality of
$\mathcal E$
does not hold in a general Anosov homogeneous space.
The Brussels Side-Effect: How the AI Act Can Reduce the Global Reach of EU Policy
Authors: Almada Marco , Radu Anca 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOver the last few years, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have become embedded in various domains of social life, prompting legislative efforts at both national and international levels. In the European Union (EU), this drive for legislation has been reflected in various legal instruments, notably the proposed AI Act, which is expected to become a global standard through the “Brussels Effect.” This Article argues that while the AI Act will likely produce a Brussels Effect of its own, such an outcome will be accompanied by a side effect that undermines the EU’s ambition to spread legislative text and values in AI governance. Since the AI Act follows EU product safety legislation, its provisions supply limited protection to some of the values the EU policy intends to protect, such as the protection of fundamental rights. These shortcomings are compounded by the EU’s active efforts to shape alternative instruments, such as the Council of Europe’s proposed convention on AI along the lines of the AI Act. As a result, the diffusion of the AI Act as a global standard will have consequences for the EU policy agenda on AI and the conceptualization of the Brussels Effect.
The impact of faecal diversion on the gut microbiome: a systematic review
Authors: Sam Shien Wenn , Hafeez Bilal , Ong Hwa Ian , Gill Sonia , Smibert Olivia , Lavelle Aonghus , Burgess Adele , Proud David , Mohan Helen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Diversion of the faecal stream is associated with diversion colitis (DC). Preliminary studies indicate that microbiome dysbiosis contributes to its development and potentially treatment. This review aims to characterise these changes in the context of faecal diversion and identify their clinical impact. A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases using a predefined search strategy identifying studies investigating changes in microbiome following diversion. Findings reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Of 743 results, 6 met inclusion criteria. Five reported significantly decreased microbiome diversity in the diverted colon. At phylum level, decreases in Bacillota with a concomitant increase in Pseudomonadota were observed, consistent with dysbiosis. At genus level, studies reported decreases in beneficial lactic acid bacteria which produce short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), which inversely correlated with disease severity. Significant losses in commensals were also noted. These changes were seen to be partially reversible with restoration of bowel continuity. Changes within the microbiome were reflected by histopathological findings suggestive of intestinal dysfunction. Faecal diversion is associated with dysbiosis in the diverted colon which may have clinical implications. This is reflected in loss of microbiome diversity, increases in potentially pathogenic-associated phyla and reduction in SCFA-producing and commensal bacteria.
Working with a Mask: How and When Workplace Mask Wearing Decreases Employee Emotional Exhaustion
Authors: Bai Yang , Liu Wenxing , Guo Li 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite the salutary effects of mask wearing broadly recognized during the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about the consequences of wearing masks in the workplace. The current research raises the question of whether and how mask wearing may impact employees' emotional well-being at work. Drawing on emotion regulation theory (e.g., Gross, 1998, 2015), we propose that mask wearing enables employees to adopt more authentic emotional displays, which in turn decreases emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, guided by the social interaction model of emotion regulation (Coté, 2005), we further posit that for employees whose work requires more frequent face-to-face interaction, the positive impact of mask wearing on emotional exhaustion becomes more significant. Across a pilot study and a three-wave field survey, we find support for this hypothesized model. Implications of these findings for future theorizing and research on mask wearing are discussed.
Philosophy’s Resurrection: Richard Fishacre on Theology, Light, and the Stars
Authors: Crozier William 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article explores Richard Fishacre’s (1200–1248) thinking on the relationship between theology and philosophy. It shows how, despite constructing what, on the surface at least, appears to be a traditional understanding of theology’s relationship to philosophy, Fishacre in practice offers a very creative interpretation of how the two sciences interact. For Fishacre, theology does not simply illumine philosophy by guiding it away from error. Instead, it steps into the fray of ordinary philosophical dispute so as to uncover novel ways of reading natural phenomena, ones which philosophy, by itself at least, is blind to. To demonstrate how this is so, the article explores how Fishacre appeals to Christ’s resurrected body to justify some of his most controversial arguments in the field of natural philosophy. Two specific areas are considered: Fishacre’s claim that light in medio is a body and his assertion that the stars and planets are made from the terrestrial elements as opposed to the celestial quintessence, as Aristotle claims. Each of these aspects of Fishacre’s physics show how, for the Dominican, theology can, when appropriate, step onto the philosophical plane and help the natural philosopher to discover truths that go against the philosophical consensus.