bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra‐stable and Sensitive X‐ray Detectors Using 3D Hybrid Perovskitoid Single Crystals
Authors: Xu Lijun , Wang Daohua , Ye Huang , Li Hang , Zhang Chengshu , Guan Qianwen , Zhong Haiqing , Han Zhangtong , Luo Junhua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have shown great potential for direct X‐ray detection in security screening and medical diagnostics. However, their humidity stability is compromised due to the susceptibility of the structural components to water molecules, thereby limiting their practical application. In this work, stable and sensitive X‐ray detection is achieved using high‐quality bulk single crystals of the 3D perovskitoid (DMPZ)Pb2Br6 (DPB, DMPZ = N,N′‐dimethyl‐pyrazinium), wherein N‐acid protons are replaced with hydrophobic alkyl groups. Notably, the crystals maintain phase stability after 60 days of immersion in water at room temperature, demonstrating their significant potential for moisture‐stable X‐ray detectors. Based on the bulk crystals of DPB, the X‐ray detectors are successfully fabricated, achieving a high sensitivity of 6437.2 µC Gyair−1 cm−2 at 70 V bias and a detection limit low to 46.7 nGyair s−1, outperforming most low‐dimensional perovskite detectors. Most strikingly, the detectors retain 79.6% of their initial sensitivity after 14 days of water immersion, highlighting exceptional moisture stability. This work is the first to construct moisture‐stable high‐performance X‐ray detectors using 3D perovskitoid single crystals, advancing the development of stable X‐ray detection.
Pragmatic Awareness and the Need for Greater Emphasis on Pragmatic Preparation in TESOL Programs
Authors: Muyesser Meral 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPragmatics, the social language skills human beings use through everyday social interaction, is a critical and complicated segment of learning a new language. Thus, it is essential to teach pragmatics in English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms and ESL teachers have pragmatic knowledge. This qualitative case study was designed to investigate community college ESL teachers' awareness and application of the field of pragmatics and explore if community college ESL teachers receive sufficient training in their TESOL preparation programs regarding teaching pragmatics. The purposefully selected sample was composed of 15 ESL instructors from a community college in the Mid‐Atlantic Region. Semistructured interviews were used as the primary instrument, and observations and document review were utilized as a supportive data collection method. Inductive analysis was used, and the data were coded and organized according to the research questions, and analysis and interpretation of the findings were organized into five themes that were based on the study's conceptual framework, the Interaction Hypothesis. This research revealed that ESL instructors are not fully aware of the field of pragmatics, and the understanding of its application to their teaching practice is limited. The study elevates a number of opportunities for future research, highlights a strong need in the area of practice, and emphasizes the importance of integrating pragmatic learning and teaching in both ESL teachers' preparation programs and ESL programs.
Production, characterization and life cycle analysis of ZnO doped LDPE films
Authors: Koçak Mutlu Gözde , Taskin Elif Gamze , Karahan Mehmet , Kara Ali , Üstün Gökhan Ekrem 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, virgin and recycled polymer films doped with ZnO in different proportions were prepared by extrusion. ZnO was first incorporated into LLDPE to produce masterbatches, which were then added to LDPE at a 10% ratio to fabricate the composite films. The produced films were analyzed using FTIR, SEM, TGA, DSC and tensile tests to evaluate their optical, thermal and mechanical properties. In addition, a life cycle assessment was carried out for each film and the environmental impacts were compared. A functional unit of 1 kg of film was selected and the process from raw material extraction to film production was analyzed in detail using the cradle‐to‐gate model. The findings indicate that the recycled film produced with 1% ZnO addition exhibits superior optical and thermal properties, high tensile and break strength, and offers positive environmental benefits. Therefore, recycled film produced with 1% ZnO additive was considered the most sustainable and suitable option for bag production.Highlights
Virgin and recycled polymer films were doped with ZnO and produced.
Films' optical, thermal, and mechanical properties were studied.
The 1% ZnO doped recycled film exhibited high optical and thermal properties.
LCA show 1% ZnO doped recycled film is the optimal sustainable product.
Long‐term management of clinical myopathy and terminal disseminated intravascular coagulation in a 7‐year‐old female okapi (Okapia johnstoni)
Authors: Brisson Lucie , Thorel Milan , Lemberger Karin , Huberdeau Pierre , Goddard Nicolas , Pouillevet Hanae , Roch Camille , Leclerc Antoine , Lamglait Benjamin , Mulot Baptiste 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA 7‐year‐old female okapi (Okapia johnstoni) was treated for 17 days on a clinical suspicion of myopathy. Intensive care was initiated, including anti‐inflammatory and analgesic drugs, preventive antibiotic therapy, vitamins, anti‐acidosis and anti‐colic treatments, aggressive fluid therapy, forced feeding and parenteral nutrition, as well as laser therapy, regular positional changes and muscle relaxants. Assisted lifting of the okapi was performed to allow for care and physiotherapy. Despite improvement in blood muscular parameters, cardiorespiratory arrest occurred on day 17. Histological examination revealed systemic vascular thrombosis compatible with a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) process, with tissue complications such as haemorrhages, necrosis and suppuration affecting multiple organs. Focal necrotic muscular lesions of the right forelimb were attributed to a compression issue on day 1. These focal lesions and/or myopathies may be the origin of terminal DIC. Subclinical, chronic underlying deficiency in vitamin E and selenium could not be ruled out.
Deriving birth timing of roe deer fawns from body measurements to limit mowing mortality
Authors: Stehr Ferdinand Paul , Baur Sophie , Peters Wibke , König Andreas 
Published: January 2025

Every spring, hiding roe deer fawns Capreolus capreolus in meadows are injured or killed by mowing activities. To assess the temporal overlap between mowing activities and the fawning period, and thus help reduce the risk of mowing death, we have determined the average parturition date in three regions of Bavaria, southern Germany.Data on physical body parameters were collected from 1387 fawns over four consecutive springs (2020–2024). Across all of the years studied, data collection started at the end of April, independent of spring mowing activities. We searched for fawns mainly using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and recorded the status of the umbilical cord, body mass, hind foot length, total body length, head length, crown–rump length, and presence of siblings of each detected fawn. A total of 118 of the 1387 fawns were found and measured multiple times. To estimate age, we fitted a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) as a function of multiple physical parameters and subsequently determined the age and birth date of all fawns based on this predictive model. Body mass, head length, crown–rump length, and the presence of siblings were the most important predictors of fawn age (R2 = 0.74). The estimated ages were used to calculate the mean parturition dates for the region. The results show that the first fawns were born as early as April. Across years the mean parturition date was the 135th day of the year (DOY).Our results confirmed that fawn birth dates and the hiding phase highly overlapped with spring mowing events. However, based on the derived knowledge of the exact birth times, our study can contribute to reducing mowing‐related mortality rates. Our predictive model may also provide researchers in other regions with an approach to accurately determine the ages of roe deer fawns.
Dynamical boundary value problem for a viscoelastic half-space with cut
Authors: Shavlakadze Nugzar , Odishelidze Nana , Pachulia Bachuki , Criado-Aldeanueva F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The dynamical boundary value problem for viscoelastic half-space with cut in the form of a strip is considered. The problem is reduced to the singular integral equation of first kind. Using the method of orthogonal polynomials, the integral equation is reduced to an infinite system of linear algebraic equations. The quasi-completely regularity of the obtained system is proved and the reduction method for approximate solution is developed.
Can surgeons trust AI? Perspectives on machine learning in surgery and the importance of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
Authors: Brandenburg Johanna M. , Müller-Stich Beat P. , Wagner Martin , van der Schaar Mihaela 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This brief report aims to summarize and discuss the methodologies of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and their potential applications in surgery.

Methods
We briefly introduce explainability methods, including global and individual explanatory features, methods for imaging data and time series, as well as similarity classification, and unraveled rules and laws.

Results
Given the increasing interest in artificial intelligence within the surgical field, we emphasize the critical importance of transparency and interpretability in the outputs of applied models.

Conclusion
Transparency and interpretability are essential for the effective integration of AI models into clinical practice.
Neonatal outcomes in twin pregnancies in Finland from 2008 to 2023
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Twin pregnancies are associated with higher risks of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes compared to singleton pregnancies. This retrospective nationwide cohort study analyzed trends in twin pregnancy outcomes in Finland from 2008 to 2023 using data from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Outcomes assessed included perinatal mortality, stillbirths, neonatal mortality, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, and hospitalization rates at one week of age. A total of 23,588 twin births were included, with an overall stillbirth rate of 9.0 per 1000 and a perinatal mortality rate of 16.0 per 1000. Neonatal mortality rates declined significantly, with term twins showing a rate of 0.9 per 1000 and preterm twins 4.6 per 1000 in the latest years of 2022–2023. NICU admission rates remained stable for preterm twins but showed an increasing trend for term twins. The rate of hospitalized neonates at the age of seven days decreased over time.

Conclusion: These trends align with improved antenatal care and Finland’s reputation for low neonatal mortality. However, increasing maternal age and obesity rates may contribute to rising NICU admissions in term twins. The study highlights the need for continuous monitoring of neonatal outcomes to ensure high standards of care in the context of declining fertility and delivery rates in Finland.

What is Known:
• Twin pregnancies are associated with higher risks of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes compared to singleton pregnancies.
• Finland has one of the lowest neonatal mortality rates globally.

What is New:
• Neonatal mortality rates declined significantly both in term and preterm twins from 2008 to 2023.
• NICU admission rates remained stable for preterm twins but showed an increasing trend for term twins.
Structured surgical training in minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) increases textbook outcome–a risk-adjusted learning curve
Authors: Seika Philippa , Martin Friederike , Serwah Armanda , Maurer Max Magnus , Winter Axel , Ossami-Saidy Ramin Raul , Ritschl Paul V. , Dobrindt Eva , Kurreck Annika , Raakow Jonas , Pratschke Johann , Biebl Matthias , Denecke Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy (MIE) is a complex surgical procedure that has become a cornerstone in the management of esophageal cancer. This study aims to delineate the learning curve associated with MIE and its impact on patient outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 191 patients who underwent MIE between 2015 and 2022. The cohort was divided into two groups according to the level of competence: Trainer (n = 100) and Trainee (n = 91). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and surgical parameters were examined. RA-CUSUM methodology was employed to monitor patient outcomes, adjusting for variations in risk profiles using varying-coefficient logistic regression models to establish the MIE proficiency learning curve.

Results
The trainee achieved competence in terms of operative time within 47 cases, following risk adjustment. Similarly, the learning curve in terms of major complications was completed after the 55th consecutive case. The LC was completed in terms of increased incidence of TO achievement in the trainee group after 83 cases (Trainer vs. Trainee, 27.00% vs. 40.66%, p = 0.046). Anastomotic leakage (Trainer vs. Trainee, 10.00% vs. 7.69% (p = 0.575)) could be identified with consistent rates for both trainer and trainee during the observational period. Pulmonary complications accounted for the majority of complications. After a follow-up of 2 years, no effect of the learning curve on overall (p = 0.436) or disease-free (p = 0.305) survival could be concluded, indicating consistent quality and patient safety during the surgical training.

Conclusions
While technical competence can be achieved after approximately 55 cases, achievement of 'textbook outcome' (TO) requires 83 cases. The findings demonstrate that structured surgical training can progress in tandem while maintaining oncological safety for patients. While technical competence is crucial, the ultimate goal should be achieving a TO.

Graphical Abstract
The epidemiology of alcohol involved facial injuries
Authors: Sherafat Arya , Sangalang Brian , Punjabi Nihal , Waldrop Ian , Dubina Emily , Inman Jared C. , Sheets Nicholas W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Alcohol use has been shown to affect injury patterns and risk of trauma. This study aims to characterize the epidemiologic characteristics of alcohol involved facial injuries presenting to US emergency departments.

Methods
This study reports a cross-sectional analysis of patients with facial injuries within the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). Demographics, disposition, and mechanism of injury were compared between facial injury patients with reported/suspected alcohol consumption prior to or during the time of injury (AIFI+) and facial injury patients with no alcohol consumption (AIFI-).

Results
A total of 37,777 facial injuries were reported within the NEISS. Out if these, 3,336 patients experienced an alcohol involved facial injury (AIFI+). AIFI + patients were younger than AIFI- patients (47 vs. 57, p < 0.001), more likely to be male (68.5% vs. 31.5%, p < 0.001), and more likely to be White (51.6% vs. 53.6%, p = 0.03). Patients with AIFI were less likely to be injured at home (41.5% vs. 45.5%, p < 0.001) and more likely to be injured in the street (8.5% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.001). Disposition differed with AIFI + patients less likely to be treated and released (78.8% vs. 83.3%, p < 0.001) and more likely to leave without being seen (3.8% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our study reports that AIFI + patients are younger, more likely to be injured on the street, and more likely to be injured by stairs than AIFI- patients. Additionally, patients with an AIFI + are more likely to leave the hospital without being seen.
Exploring the limits of csq-Zr-MOFs in Adsorption Heat Pumps: a computational study of their potential for cooling and heating applications
Authors: Suyetin Mikhail , Peskov Maxim V. , Schwingenschlögl Udo , Sarkisov Lev 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Adsorption Heat Pumps (AHPs) promise to play a leading role in achieving targets for decarbonization and reducing worldwide energy consumption. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively explored in recent years as the medium for AHP due to their outstanding tunability, large surface area, and pore volume. In this work, we computationally design a series of Zr-MOFs with a csq topology using organic linkers of varying lengths to investigate the improvement of the coefficient of performance for heating (COP

H
) and cooling (COP

C
). Employing DFT methods, we assess the mechanical stability of these csq-Zr-MOFs by analyzing bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Young’s modulus. We set criteria for mechanical stability, requiring hypothetical csq-Zr-MOFs to have superior or at least equal mechanical properties compared to the experimentally obtained reference MOFs: DUT-6, DUT-60, and MOF-399. It is encouraging to observe that mechanically stable, in silico designed csq-Zr-MOF-5T demonstrates superior cooling performance with a COP

C

= 0.88. Furthermore, 5T approaches the theoretical COP

H
limit with a COP

H

= 1.91. This highlights the importance of pore engineering in optimizing MOF properties. In addition to creating new types of MOFs, we advocate for fine-tuning the existing MOFs using molecular simulations as a guidance.
Daily power generation forecasting for a grid-connected solar power plant using transfer learning technique
Authors: Tajjour Salwan , Chandel Shyam Singh , Malik Hasmat , Márquez Fausto Pedro García , Alotaibi Majed A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Deep learning is efficiently used for photovoltaic power generation forecasting to handle the intermittent nature of solar energy. However, big data are required for training deep networks which are not available for newly installed plants. Therefore, in this study, a novel strategy is proposed to train a deep learning model using a transfer learning technique to cop up with the unavailability of enough training datasets. A new 400 kWp solar power plant installed in the Himalayan region is considered as a case study to evaluate the proposed model. The proposed approach utilizes solar radiation data to train a deep neural network and then fine-tune the model using the power generation data from the plant. The network architecture is optimized using grey wolf optimizer to find the best suitable model for the data. The evaluation results show that the same model can achieve higher performance in generation forecasting with percentage error improved by 2% and R-value increased by 7.7% after applying transfer learning. Moreover, SHapley Additive exPlanation and Partial Dependence Plots are used to interpret the model behavior and showed that the model is mostly dependent on the previous generation values (up to 4 days) followed by the temperature and solar radiation.
Unveiling sextortion in sport: a global inquiry into the nexus of sexual violence, abuse of power, and corruption for enhanced safeguarding
Authors: Bragagnolo Whitney , Lezama Yaneí 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sextortion, a distinct form of sexual misconduct intersects with both sexual violence and corruption. Within the sphere of sport, marked by inherent power differentials and hierarchical structures, cases of sexual abuse and corruption persist, with sextortion emerging as a concerning manifestation of these pervasive issues. While sextortion shares commonalities with other forms of sexual abuse, such as harassment and assault, a distinguishing feature lies in how coercion is leveraged through authority or power imbalances. Unlike more overt forms of abuse, sextortion often involves subtle or implicit threats, where compliance is sought in exchange for perceived privileges or opportunities within the sporting environment. Leveraging Institutional Theory and Applied Ethics, this study aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of sextortion in sport. Despite increasing awareness, research on sextortion in sport remains limited. Previous studies lack data specific to this elusive misconduct, primarily relying on empirical data related to sexual abuse. This study represents the first empirical investigation into sextortion in sport, drawing on data collected from 49 countries and endeavours to quantifiably communicate the scale of sextortion. Through data analysis of over 500 elite athletes, community sport practitioners, and sport industry professionals aged 17 and above, the research sheds light on experiences related to abuses of entrusted power for sexual gain. Results found 20% (n = 96) of global respondents experienced sextortion, including 37 minors at the time of the incident, encompassing diverse genders, abilities, and identities. Sextortion was identified across 41 of the 49 surveyed nationalities and within 19 of 26 sport categories from grassroots to elite levels. This research deepens the understanding of sport-related sextortion and underscores the importance of addressing this pervasive issue through further theoretical and empirical inquiry. It emphasises the critical role of good governance, clear safeguarding protocols, increased awareness of power dynamics, consent, and the importance of diverse regional data in effectively combating sextortion in the sporting domain.
Microstructural and Strength Changes During Multi-Axial Forging of Ta-10 wt% W and its Comparison with Ta
Authors: Kedharnath A. , Kapoor Rajeev , Sarkar Apu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The study aims to bring out the effect of microstructural modification and W addition in TaW on the strength as these alloys find applications in ballistics, high temperature and corrosive environments. Coarse-grained tantalum-10 wt% tungsten (Ta-10 W) was multi-axially forged (MAF) to 3, 6, and 9 passes corresponding to equivalent strains of 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2, respectively. The MAF Ta-10 W samples were characterized for their microstructural and mechanical properties. The average grain size decreased from 20 μm in the starting material to 3 μm after 3 passes and to 0.38 μm after 9 passes. The fraction of high angle grain boundaries (
$$\:{f}_{hagb}$$
) increased from 0.26 (3 passes) to 0.56 (9 passes) and the fraction of recrystallized grains (
$$\:{f}_{recry}$$
) increased from 0.31 (3 passes) to 0.92 (9 passes). The yield stress increased from 964 MPa after 3 passes to 1202 MPa after 9 passes. It was found that the contribution from GBs as compared to that from dislocations was lower after 3 passes than after 9 passes. The addition of tungsten to tantalum increased the flow locus during MAF and yield stress of MAF samples to almost double as compared to Ta. As compared to MAF Ta, MAF Ta-10 W showed finer grains, higher
$$\:{f}_{hagb}$$
, and higher
$$\:{f}_{recry}$$
.

Graphical Abstract