bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of electronic screening for sepsis in National Health Service acute hospitals in England
Authors: Honeyford Kate , Nwosu Amen-Patrick , Lazzarino Runa , Kinderlerer Anne , Welch John , Brent Andrew J , Cooke Graham , Ghazal Peter , Patil Shashank ,   DiAlS Co-investigators, Costelloe Ceire E 
Published: January 2024

Sepsis is a worldwide public health problem. Rapid identification is associated with improved patient outcomes—if followed by timely appropriate treatment.ObjectivesDescribe digital sepsis alerts (DSAs) in use in English National Health Service (NHS) acute hospitals.MethodsA Freedom of Information request surveyed acute NHS Trusts on their adoption of electronic patient records (EPRs) and DSAs.ResultsOf the 99 Trusts that responded, 84 had an EPR. Over 20 different EPR system providers were identified as operational in England. The most common providers were Cerner (21%). System C, Dedalus and Allscripts Sunrise were also relatively common (13%, 10% and 7%, respectively). 70% of NHS Trusts with an EPR responded that they had a DSA; most of these use the National Early Warning Score (NEWS2). There was evidence that the EPR provider was related to the DSA algorithm. We found no evidence that Trusts were using EPRs to introduce data driven algorithms or DSAs able to include, for example, pre-existing conditions that may be known to increase risk.Not all Trusts were willing or able to provide details of their EPR or the underlying algorithm.DiscussionThe majority of NHS Trusts use an EPR of some kind; many use a NEWS2-based DSA in keeping with national guidelines.ConclusionMany English NHS Trusts use DSAs; even those using similar triggers vary and many recreate paper systems. Despite the proliferation of machine learning algorithms being developed to support early detection of sepsis, there is little evidence that these are being used to improve personalised sepsis detection.
Pilot feasibility study of a digital technology approach to the systematic electronic capture of parent-reported data on cognitive and language development in children aged 2 years
Authors: Modi Neena , Ribas Ricardo , Johnson Samantha , Lek Elizabeth , Godambe Sunit , Fukari-Irvine Edit , Ogundipe Enitan , Tusor Nora , Das Nayan , Udayakumaran Abinithya , Moss Becky , Banda Victor , Ougham Kayleigh , Cornelius Victoria , Arasu Anusha , Wardle Steve , Battersby Cheryl , Bravery Amanda 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe assessment of language and cognition in children at risk of impaired neurodevelopment following neonatal care is a UK standard of care but there is no national, systematic approach for obtaining these data. To overcome these challenges, we developed and evaluated a digital version of a validated parent questionnaire to assess cognitive and language development at age 2 years, the Parent Report of Children’s Abilities-Revised (PARCA-R).MethodsWe involved clinicians and parents of babies born very preterm who received care in north-west London neonatal units. We developed a digital version of the PARCA-R questionnaire using standard software. Following informed consent, parents received automated notifications and an invitation to complete the questionnaire on a mobile phone, tablet or computer when their child approached the appropriate age window. Parents could save and print a copy of the results. We evaluated ease of use, parent acceptability, consent for data sharing through integration into a research database and making results available to the clinical team.ResultsClinical staff approached the parents of 41 infants; 38 completed the e-registration form and 30 signed the e-consent. The digital version of the PARCA-R was completed by the parents of 21 of 23 children who reached the appropriate age window. Clinicians and parents found the system easy to use. Only one parent declined permission to integrate data into the National Neonatal Research Database for approved secondary purposes.DiscussionThis electronic data collection system and associated automated processes enabled efficient systematic capture of data on language and cognitive development in high-risk children, suitable for national delivery at scale.
Comparative study of ChatGPT and human evaluators on the assessment of medical literature according to recognised reporting standards
Authors: Roberts Richard HR , Ali Stephen R , Hutchings Hayley A , Dobbs Thomas D , Whitaker Iain S 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAmid clinicians’ challenges in staying updated with medical research, artificial intelligence (AI) tools like the large language model (LLM) ChatGPT could automate appraisal of research quality, saving time and reducing bias. This study compares the proficiency of ChatGPT3 against human evaluation in scoring abstracts to determine its potential as a tool for evidence synthesis.MethodsWe compared ChatGPT’s scoring of implant dentistry abstracts with human evaluators using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials for Abstracts reporting standards checklist, yielding an overall compliance score (OCS). Bland-Altman analysis assessed agreement between human and AI-generated OCS percentages. Additional error analysis included mean difference of OCS subscores, Welch’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.ResultsBland-Altman analysis showed a mean difference of 4.92% (95% CI 0.62%, 0.37%) in OCS between human evaluation and ChatGPT. Error analysis displayed small mean differences in most domains, with the highest in ‘conclusion’ (0.764 (95% CI 0.186, 0.280)) and the lowest in ‘blinding’ (0.034 (95% CI 0.818, 0.895)). The strongest correlations between were in ‘harms’ (r=0.32, p<0.001) and ‘trial registration’ (r=0.34, p=0.002), whereas the weakest were in ‘intervention’ (r=0.02, p<0.001) and ‘objective’ (r=0.06, p<0.001).ConclusionLLMs like ChatGPT can help automate appraisal of medical literature, aiding in the identification of accurately reported research. Possible applications of ChatGPT include integration within medical databases for abstract evaluation. Current limitations include the token limit, restricting its usage to abstracts. As AI technology advances, future versions like GPT4 could offer more reliable, comprehensive evaluations, enhancing the identification of high-quality research and potentially improving patient outcomes.
NSDIE: Noise Suppressing Dark Image Enhancement Using Multiscale Retinex and Low-Rank Minimization
Authors: Jha Manvi , Bhandari Ashish Kumar 
Published: January 2024

It is inevitable for dark images to have crucial information obscured by low-light conditions, which are worsened by the presence of noise in these images. This work introduces a groundbreaking solution, Noise-Suppressing Dark Image Enhancement for Web Apps (NSDIE), to address the challenging task of enhancing low-light images marred by noise. The proposed work utilizes a low-rank model with simultaneous enhancement of reflectance and illumination components to improve the nighttime scenes while also eradicating the present noise of the image. The reflectance component is further processed using a multiscale retinex model to compensate for the possible color distortions while the illumination component is enhanced using the camera response model to ensure the genuineness of the scene. The proposed work is also tested for a standalone application and is presented to the user through a web portal to aid the concerns of dark image enhancement in the daily life of the user. Rigorous quantitative and qualitative analyses assert NSDIE's superiority over existing techniques, establishing its pivotal role in addressing the critical concern of dark image enhancement.
Self-Efficacy, Core Behavioral Competence and Performance of Teachers: A Scaffold for Proficient and Highly Proficient Teachers
Authors: Bantoc Aris A. , Yazon Alberto D. 
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy, core behavioral competence and level of performance among Public Elementary and Secondary School teachers in two (2) Districts in Mauban, Division of Quezon. The following hypotheses were tested in this study (a) there is no significant relationship between teacher's level of self-efficacy, core behavioral competence and performance among public elementary and secondary school teachers in Mauban District; and (b) teacher's self-efficacy and core behavioral competencies do not significantly predict their level of performance.

A descriptive quantitative research design was used in this study, incorporating descriptive survey, correlation, comparative and causal-comparative methods to answer the specific research problems. The study's respondents were the 247 public elementary and secondary proficient and highly proficient teachers from 39 schools of the two districts in Mauban, Quezon – the Mauban North District and Mauban South District. A stratified random sampling technique was used in selecting the teachers-respondents. A 45-item Likert scale survey questionnaire, the main research instrument, was used.

This study found no significant difference in the teachers' self-efficacy and core behavioral competence when grouped according to their number of teaching/ ancillary load, highest educational attainment, number of years in service and teaching position. The level of self-

efficacy in practicing the PPST domains and teachers' performance level has a strongly positive correlation. Likewise, the level of core behavioral competence in practicing the PPST domains and the level of performance have a strong positive correlation.

Regarding the strength of the relationship, there is a strong positive correlation between teachers' self-efficacy and core behavioral competence on the overall teachers' performance. The predicting capacity of self-efficacy and core behavioral competence to the overall performance of teachers is statistically significant. Self-efficacy and core behavioral competencies are predictors of teachers' performance. The higher the teachers' self-efficacy level, the better their performance; the higher the core behavioral competence, the higher their performance.
SUMOylation Fine-Tunes Endothelial HEY1 in the Regulation of Angiogenesis
Authors: Ren Ruizhe , Ding Sha , Ma Kefan , Jiang Yuanqing , Wang Yiran , Chen Junbo , Wang Yunyun , Kou Yaohui , Fan Xiao , Zhu Xiaolong , Qin Lingfeng , Qiu Cong , Simons Michael , Wei Xiyang , Yu Luyang 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Angiogenesis, which plays a critical role in embryonic development and tissue repair, is controlled by a set of angiogenic signaling pathways. As a TF (transcription factor) belonging to the basic helix-loop-helix family, HEY (hairy/enhancer of split related with YRPW motif)-1 (YRPW motif, abbreviation of 4 highly conserved amino acids in the motif) has been identified as a key player in developmental angiogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying HEY1’s actions in angiogenesis remain largely unknown. Our previous studies have suggested a potential role for posttranslational SUMOylation in the dynamic regulation of vascular development and organization.

METHODS:
Immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics analysis were used to determine the biochemical characteristics of HEY1 SUMOylation. The promoter-binding capability of HEY1 was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation, dual luciferase, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The dimerization pattern of HEY1 was determined by coimmunoprecipitation. The angiogenic capabilities of endothelial cells were assessed by CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8), 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine staining, wound healing, transwell, and sprouting assays. Embryonic and postnatal vascular growth in mouse tissues, matrigel plug assay, cutaneous wound healing model, oxygen-induced retinopathy model, and tumor angiogenesis model were used to investigate the angiogenesis in vivo.

RESULTS:
We identified intrinsic endothelial HEY1 SUMOylation at conserved lysines by TRIM28 (tripartite motif containing 28) as the unique E3 ligase. Functionally, SUMOylation facilitated HEY1-mediated suppression of angiogenic RTK (receptor tyrosine kinase) signaling and angiogenesis in primary human endothelial cells and mice with endothelial cell–specific expression of wild-type HEY1 or a SUMOylation-deficient HEY1 mutant. Mechanistically, SUMOylation facilitates HEY1 homodimer formation, which in turn preserves HEY1’s DNA-binding capability via recognition of E-box promoter elements. Therefore, SUMOylation maintains HEY1’s function as a repressive TF controlling numerous angiogenic genes, including RTKs and Notch pathway components. Proangiogenic stimuli induce HEY1 deSUMOylation, leading to heterodimerization of HEY1 with HES (hairy and enhancer of split)-1, which results in ineffective DNA binding and loss of HEY1’s angiogenesis-suppressive activity.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings demonstrate that reversible HEY1 SUMOylation is a molecular mechanism that coordinates endothelial angiogenic signaling and angiogenesis, both in physiological and pathological milieus, by fine-tuning the transcriptional activity of HEY1. Specifically, SUMOylation facilitates the formation of the HEY1 transcriptional complex and enhances its DNA-binding capability in endothelial cells.
Design Activism in South Africa: Design Interventions as Invented Spaces to Encourage Activist Citizenship
Authors: Cassim Fatima 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article is premised on the role of design as a vehicle for social and political intervention, with specific reference to design activism. Owing to design activism's prognostic stance, the article explores how South African design interventions facilitated new sites and actors of citizenship beyond the traditional political arena. The examples of design interventions and the subsequent discussion are grounded in empirical data. As such, the South African context of the research brings “theory from the south” into conversation with current design activism discourse. Furthermore, the article makes visible the relationship between acts of design activism and activist citizenship.
Effects of a Passive Back-Support Exosuit on Postural Control and Cognitive Performance During a Fatigue-Inducing Posture Maintenance Task
Authors: Kim Jiwon , Kang Sang Hyeon , Li Jinfeng , Mirka Gary A. , Dorneich Michael C. 
Published: January 2024

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of passive back-support exosuit on postural control and cognitive performance during a fatigue-inducing posture maintenance task. Background Wearable support systems (exoskeletons/exosuits) reduce physical demands but may also influence postural control and cognitive performance by reducing muscular fatigue. Method Eighteen participants visited on two different days to test an exosuit system and performed dual-task cognitive assessments based on human information processing (information acquisition, information integration, and action implementation) while maintaining a 35° trunk flexion posture for 16 minutes. Center-of-pressure (CoP), cognitive performance, and perceived workload were recorded, while erector spinae muscle activity was captured to quantify muscle fatigue. Results The exosuit was effective in reducing erector spinae muscle fatigue during the static posture maintenance task (61% less in Δmedian frequency: −9.5 Hz (EXO-Off) versus −3.7 Hz (EXO-On)). The fatigue-inducing task increased CoP velocity as a function of time (29% greater: 9.3 mm/sec (pre) versus 12.0 mm/sec (post)), and exosuit use decreased CoP velocity (23% less: 12.1 mm/sec (EXO-Off) versus 9.4 mm/sec (EXO-On)). The exosuit was also effective at mitigating cognitive degradation, as evidenced by a higher hit-to-signal ratio (8% greater: 81.3 (EXO-Off) versus 87.9 (EXO-On)) in the information integration task and reducing perceived workload in all stages of human information processing. Conclusion Exosuit provided benefits of postural control and information integration processing during a 16-min static posture maintenance task. Application Torso exoskeletons/suits can have positive implications for occupations with concurrent physical and cognitive demands.
Effectiveness of information technology assisted relapse prevention program on relapse among people who live with severe mental disorders
Authors: Ehsani Mona , Maarefvand Masoomeh , Hosseinzadeh Samaneh , Zabihi Poursaadati Maryam 
Published: January 2024

Background: Severe Mental Disorders (SMDs) cause mental health worldwide challenges because of several relapses and extensive recovery periods of hospitalization, which put a lot of economic and social burden on families and governments. Therefore, interventions are necessary to decrease the relapse of these disorders. Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Information Technology Assisted Relapse Prevention Program (ITAREP) on relapse among people who live with SMDs. Method: This study was a randomized clinical trial with intervention and control groups. ITAREP is a remote intervention based on monitoring the Early Warning Signs (EWS) to decrease the number of potential relapses. Using convenience sampling, people with SMDs admitted to Sina Juneqan Psychiatric Hospital and their caregivers were recruited in this study and randomly allocated to the control and intervention groups. Two checklists of the EWS for the patient and the patient’s caregiver were used for monitoring the relapse signs. Data were collected at baseline and 90 days after discharge and were analyzed using t-test and Chi-square statistical tests and linear regression in SPSS software. Results: Fifty-two patients who lived with SMDs participated in this study (26 in the intervention group and 26 in the control group). The two groups were homogeneous regarding age, gender, type of mental disorder, and duration of the disorder. Forty-two males and ten females participated in this research. Most of the participants were diagnosed with schizophrenia. The results showed that the number of relapses in the intervention group was significantly lower than in the control group in the post-test. Conclusion: Social workers, as the case managers and a member of the interdisciplinary psychiatric team, can actively perform follow-up measures after discharge using ITAREP, and it can be expected that these interventions will reduce the number of relapses among patients who live with SMDs.
Metal Artifact Reduction by Using MARS System of a CBCT Unit with Different Components of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: An In vitro CBCT Analysis
Authors: Nazir Sheikh Zahid , Mushtaq Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

Introduction During Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging in the head and neck region of patients who are undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment, the different components of fixed orthodontic appliances can produce various metal artifacts which may degrade the diagnostic image quality in the region of interest. Therefore, the metal artifact reduction software (MARS) system can be used in most CBCT units to reduce the amount of artifacts generated from various fixed orthodontic appliance components including skeletal anchorage devices. Aims and Objectives The main purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of MARS system of a CBCT unit in reducing the amount of artifacts generated by various fixed orthodontic appliance components during CBCT imaging. Materials and Methods Four dental arch shaped phantoms that were fabricated along with different fixed orthodontic appliance components (metal bracket, molar band, transpalatal arch, mini-implant) underwent CBCT scanning without and with the MARS setting option. After using the MARS system of a CBCT unit, the reduction in the amount of artifacts that were generated by various fixed orthodontic appliance component was calculated by using Google Colab software that utilized Python code and OpenCV system to generate a binary mask image. The resulting mask image highlights the areas where artifacts are detected, allowing for further analysis or visual inspection. The contours found within the mask image represent the boundaries of the artifact regions. Results After calculating the percentage decrease in artifact area for each component of fixed orthodontic appliance, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed to compare the percentage decrease in artifact area for each component of fixed orthodontic appliances. *P-values are calculated using one-way analysis of variance ( p < 0.05). The percentage decrease in artifact area for different components of fixed orthodontic appliance ranged from 39.67% to 48.58%. The stainless steel bracket showed the significant artifact area reduction with a mean percentage decrease of 48.58% as compared to other components. Conclusion The effect of MARS system in reducing the amount of metal artifacts generated varied according to the component type of fixed orthodontic appliance and, MARS system was more efficient for stainless steel brackets as compared to other components. CBCT imaging of head and neck region can be carried out without taking off the orthodontic appliances by applying MARS system which can significantly decrease the artifact area.
Grey matter structure within the visual networks in migraine with aura: multivariate and univariate analyses
Authors: Niddam David M. , Lai Kuan-Lin , Hsiao Yi-Ting , Wang Yen-Feng , Wang Shuu-Jiun 
Published: January 2024

Background The visual cortex is involved in the generation of migraine aura. Voxel-based multivariate analyses applied to this region may provide complementary information about aura mechanisms relative to the commonly used mass-univariate analyses. Methods Structural images constrained within the functional resting-state visual networks were obtained in migraine patients with (n = 50) and without (n = 50) visual aura and healthy controls (n = 50). The masked images entered a multivariate analysis in which Gaussian process classification was used to generate pairwise models. Generalizability was assessed by five-fold cross-validation and non-parametric permutation tests were used to estimate significance levels. A univariate voxel-based morphometry analysis was also performed. Results A multivariate pattern of grey matter voxels within the ventral medial visual network contained significant information related to the diagnosis of migraine with visual aura (aura vs. healthy controls: classification accuracy = 78%, p < 0.001; area under the curve = 0.84, p < 0.001; migraine with aura vs. without aura: classification accuracy = 71%, p < 0.001; area under the curve = 0.73, p < 0.003). Furthermore, patients with visual aura exhibited increased grey matter volume in the medial occipital cortex compared to the two other groups. Conclusions Migraine with visual aura is characterized by multivariate and univariate patterns of grey matter changes within the medial occipital cortex that have discriminative power and may reflect pathological mechanisms.