bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemically detected lymph node metastases from breast carcinoma
Authors: de Mascarel Isabelle , Soubeyran Isabelle , MacGrogan Gaetan , Picot Véronique , Mathoulin‐Pélissier Simone 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe authors applied the sixth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification system to their previously published group of patients with breast carcinoma who had immunohistochemically detected lymph node metastases.METHODSThe original lymph node‐negative slides from 218 patients, including 129 patients with infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC) and 89 patients with infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC), were reviewed and then destained to perform immunohistochemistry. Each tumor cell deposit was measured. Single tumor cells could not counted or measured (because the distance separating the most distant cells could be > 2.0 mm), but they were separated into Class 1 (sparse) and Class 2 (numerous). According to the AJCC classification, isolated tumor cells (ITCs) should be classified as pN0(i+) when they measure ≤ 0.2 mm and pN1mi when they measure ≤ 2.0 mm but > 0.2 mm.RESULTSITCs were found in 13 IDCs (10%) and in 37 ILCs (41%) and corresponded in IDCs to a single deposit of a few tumor cells that measured ≤ 0.2 mm (associated with a single tumor cell in 3 tumors) and were classified as pN0(i+). In ILCs, ITCs corresponded to single tumor cells with an irregular distribution throughout the entire lymph node section (24 ITCs and 13 ITCs in Class 1 and Class 2, respectively) and were difficult to classify.CONCLUSIONSThe results suggest that there are 2 categories of pN0(i+): measurable tumor cell deposits ≤ 0.2 mm, which were found exclusively in IDCs; and nonmeasurable ITCs, which were found in ILCs and rarely in IDCs. The new classification is difficult to apply to ITCs that are detected by immunohistochemistry in ILCs. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Catalytic removal of phenol from aqueous solutions in a trickle‐bed reactor
Authors: Ovejero G , Sotelo JL , García J , Rodríguez A 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe degradation of high concentrations of phenol (1g/dm−3) in aqueous media at high temperatures (100–190 °C) and pressures (2.0 MPa) has been studied by catalytic wet air oxidation in a trickle‐bed reactor. The effect of reaction temperature, weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) and hydrogen peroxide concentration on phenol concentration, total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) conversion by using a commercial copper catalyst has been investigated. At 150 °C, TOC removal increased by 28% with the WHSV of 62.5 h−1. The addition of hydrogen peroxide as a free radical promoter significantly enhanced the depletion rate of phenol. A kinetic study has been carried out leading to the determination of the kinetic constants for the removal of TOC. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Stabilization of bioethanol recovery with silicone rubber‐coated ethanol‐permselective silicalite membranes by controlling the pH of acidic feed solution
Authors: Ikegami Toru , Negishi Hideyuki , Kitamoto Dai , Sakaki Keiji , Imura Tomohiro , Okamoto Masayoshi , Idemoto Yasushi , Koura Nobuyuki , Sano Tsuneji , Haraya Kenji , Yanagishita Hiroshi 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIn order to produce highly concentrated bioethanol by pervaporation using an ethanol‐permselective silicalite membrane, techniques to suppress adsorption of succinic acid, which is a chief by‐product of ethanol fermentation and causes the deterioration in pervaporation performance, onto the silicalite crystals was investigated. The amount adsorbed increased as the pH of the aqueous succinic acid solution decreased. The pervaporation performance also decreased with decreasing pH when the ternary mixtures of ethanol/water/succinic acid were separated. Using silicalite membranes individually coated with two types of silicone rubber, pervaporation performance was significantly improved in the pH range of 5 to 7, when compared with that of non‐coated silicalite membranes in ternary mixtures of ethanol/water/succinic acid. Moreover, when using a silicalite membrane double‐coated with the two types of silicone rubber, pervaporation performance was stabilized at lower pH values. In the separation of bioethanol by pervaporation using the double‐coated silicalite membrane, removal of accumulated substances having an ultraviolet absorption maximum at approximately 260 nm from the fermentation broth proved to be vital for efficient pervaporation. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Ileal digestibility of defatted soybean, lupin and chickpea seed meals in cannulated Iberian pigs: II. Fatty acids and carbohydrates
Authors: Rubio Luis A , Pedrosa Mercedes M , Pérez Alicia , Cuadrado Carmen , Burbano Carmen , Muzquiz Mercedes 
Published: February 2005

AbstractFive castrated male Iberian pigs (100 ± 2 kg mean live body weight) fitted with T‐shaped ileal cannulas were used to determine ileal digestibility of legume seed meals. The diets were based on defatted soybean (256 g kg−1), lupin (451 g kg−1) or chickpea (731 g kg−1) seed meals and contained similar amounts of digestible energy (14.2–15.1 kJ g−1) and protein (107 g kg−1). Only myristic acid (C14:0) ileal apparent digestibility was higher (p < 0.05) in lupin than in chickpea meal. Ileal apparent digestibility of unsaturated fatty acids (FA) (710–920 g kg−1) was higher (p < 0.05) than that of saturated (480–710 g kg−1) FA for both seed meals. Ileal digestibility of chickpea starch was 850 g kg−1. Ileal digestibility of oligosaccharides (sucrose, raffinose, stachyose, verbascose and ciceritol) in lupin (820 g kg−1) and chickpea (690 g kg−1) was higher (p < 0.05) than that of defatted soybean (510 g kg−1). However, total amounts of oligosaccharides digested were higher (p < 0.05) for lupin and chickpea meals (29.6 and 24.6 g kg−1 feed respectively) than for soybean (15.2 g kg−1 feed). Among individual non‐starch polysaccharide (NSP) sugars, ileal digestibility values for rhamnose and xylose in lupins were higher (p < 0.05) than those for soybean or chickpea. Ileal digestibility of lupin meal NSP (650 g kg−1) was higher (p < 0.05) than those of soybean (560 g kg−1) or chickpea (430 g kg−1). Up to the terminal ileum, higher (p < 0.05) amounts of lupin total NSP (94.1 g kg−1) than for soybean (24.3 g kg−1) or chickpea (27.1 g kg−1) were digested. Lactate, acetate and isobutyrate concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) in ileal contents of pigs fed lupin and chickpea seed meals compared with soybean‐fed animals. It is concluded that higher lactate and short chain fatty acids concentrations in ileal contents of pigs fed lupin or chickpea seed meals compared with soybean are likely to be the result of higher total amounts of lupin NSP and/or lupin and chickpea oligosaccharides digested up to the terminal ileum. This might have a protective effect on Iberian pig's intestinal physiology. Both lupin and chickpea meals are likely to constitute a valuable alternative to defatted soybean in Iberian pig feeding. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Mesoscopic Patterning in Thin Polymer Films Formed under the Fast Dip‐Coating Process
Authors: Bormashenko Edward , Pogreb Roman , Stanevsky Oleg , Bormashenko Yelena , Stein Tamir , Gaisin Vladimir‐Zeev , Cohen Ron , Gendelman Oleg V. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: Mesoscopically ordered self‐assembled polystyrene, polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate) films were obtained when polymer solutions were deposited on vertical plates and dried with hot air. It was shown that characteristic size (≈50 μm) of the mesoscopic cell is practically insensitive to the polymer or substrate kind, while the thickness of the substrate plays a decisive role in the mesoscopic patterning. Junction angles of 120 and 90° were observed. Marangoni instability plays an important role in the cell's structure formation. A semi‐quantitative model explaining the phenomenon of mesoscopic cell formation is proposed.Scheme of the dip‐coating process.imageScheme of the dip‐coating process.
Organisation of Designed Nanofibres Assembled in Filaments via Flow Alignment
Authors: Fahmi Amir W. , Brünig Harald , Weidisch Roland , Stamm Manfred 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: Well‐aligned polymeric nanofibres have been prepared by a simple but effective melt‐spinning procedure. The influence of the extrusion process of a diblock copolymer polystyrene‐block‐poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐block‐P4VP) hydrogen bonded with surfactant [Ikkala et al., Science 2002, 295, 2407] pentadecylphenol (PDP) on orientation and their structural features have been investigated. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) demonstrated that the resulting nanofibres were based on PS cylinders within P4VP(PDP) matrix. The large scale orientation of the PS cylindrical structures were formed by microphase segregation in the melt when low flow rates were applied. The diameter of PS nanofibres in P4VP(PDP) matrix was about 90 nm. After removing the PDP surfactant with suitable solvent, polymeric nanofibres were obtained with diameter of 110 nm. The diblock copolymer nanofibres were formed from a PS core with P4VP shell and were more than 15 μm long. These nanofibres can be produced in large quantities, because extrusion is a continuous process. They can serve as templates for further modifications such as metallization [A. W. Fahmi et al., Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 1201] or as components for composites with other materials.Topography image and resulting cross section obtained from AFM of PS/PVP nanofibres.imageTopography image and resulting cross section obtained from AFM of PS/PVP nanofibres.
Case of neuroleptic malignant‐like syndrome precipitated by abrupt fava bean discontinuance
Authors: Ladha Shafeeq S. , Walker Russell , Shill Holly A. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractNeuroleptic malignant‐like syndrome (NMLS) is well described in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The syndrome is characterized by fever, rigidity, autonomic instability, elevated creatine phosphokinase levels, and altered level of consciousness, which is usually precipitated by levodopa withdrawal. In recent years, patients have used fava beans to treat Parkinson's symptoms, because the beans contain appreciable amounts of levodopa and have been thought to be a safe adjunctive therapy. We describe a case of NMLS, which was precipitated by the abrupt cessation of fava bean ingestion. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Mosapride citrate, a novel 5‐HT4 agonist and partial 5‐HT3 antagonist, ameliorates constipation in parkinsonian patients
Authors: Liu Zhi , Sakakibara Ryuji , Odaka Takeo , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Ito Takashi , Asahina Masato , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Yamaguchi Taketo , Hattori Takamichi 
Published: February 2005

AbstractMosapride citrate is a novel selective 5‐HT4 receptor agonist. It facilitates acetylcholine release from the enteric cholinergic neurons. In contrast to cisapride, mosapride does not block K+ channels or D2 dopaminergic receptors. The objective of this study is to perform an open study of mosapride citrate's effects on constipation, a prominent lower gastrointestinal tract disorder in parkinsonian patients. A total of 14 parkinsonian patients (7 with Parkinson's disease, 7 with multiple system atrophy; 10 men, 4 women; mean age, 67 years) with constipation (10 with bowel movement < 3 times/week; 14 with difficulty in defecation) were treated with 15 mg/day of mosapride citrate for 3 months. Pre‐ and posttreatment objective parameters in colonic transit time (CTT) and rectoanal videomanometry were obtained. Statistical analysis was made by Student's t test. Mosapride was well tolerated by all patients except for 1, who discontinued use of the drug because of epigastric discomfort. None had a worsening of parkinsonism or other adverse events. Thirteen patients reported subjective improvements in bowel frequency (>3 times/week, 13) and difficult defecation (13). Mosapride shortened CTT of the left colon (P < 0.01) and the total colon (P < 0.05). During rectal filling, mosapride lessened the first sensation (P < 0.05) and augmented the amplitude in phasic rectal contraction. During defecation, mosapride augmented the amplitude in rectal contraction (P < 0.05) and lessened the volume of postdefecation residuals. The present study showed for the first time that mosapride citrate augmented lower gastrointestinal tract motility, as shown in CTT and videomanometry, and thereby ameliorated constipation in parkinsonian patients without serious adverse effects. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Gabapentin can improve postural stability and quality of life in primary orthostatic tremor
Authors: Rodrigues Julian P. , Edwards Dylan J. , Walters Susan E. , Byrnes Michelle L. , Thickbroom Gary , Stell Rick , Mastaglia Frank L. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractPrimary orthostatic tremor (OT) is characterized by leg tremor and instability on standing. High frequency (13–18 Hz) tremor bursting is present in leg muscles during stance, and posturography has shown greater than normal sway. We report on an open‐label add‐on study of gabapentin in 6 patients with OT. Six patients were studied with surface electromyography, force platform posturography, and a modified Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ‐39) quality of life (QOL) scale before and during treatment with gabapentin 300 mg t.d.s. If on other medications for OT, these were continued unchanged. Of the 6 patients, 4 reported a subjective benefit of 50 to 75% with gabapentin, 3 of whom showed reduced tremor amplitude and postural sway of up to 70%. Dynamic balance improved in all 3 patients who completed the protocol. QOL data from 5 patients showed improvement in all cases. No adverse effects were noted. Gabapentin may improve tremor, stability, and QOL in patients with OT, and symptomatic response correlated with a reduction in tremor amplitude and postural sway. The findings confirm previous reports of symptomatic benefit with gabapentin and provide justification for larger controlled clinical trials. Further work is required to establish the optimal dosage and to validate the methods used to quantify the response to treatment. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Patient‐perceived involvement and satisfaction in Parkinson's disease: Effect on therapy decisions and quality of life
Authors: Grosset Katherine A. , Grosset Donald G. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractPatient‐centered consultation styles are associated with higher patient satisfaction and improved health outcomes in diabetes and hypertension. In outpatient neurology, dissatisfaction with communication relates significantly to noncompliance. We undertook a single‐center study in Parkinson's disease (PD) using standardized questionnaires to score patient‐perceived involvement in therapy decisions (score 4 = low to 25 = high) and satisfaction with the consultation (score 1 = low to 7 = high). Correlation was tested against health outcomes of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Motor score, activities of daily living (UPDRS 2 and Schwab and England), Parkinson's disease quality of life (PDQ‐39), Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Of 117 patients enrolled, 107 (91%) fully completed the questionnaires. Mean patient‐perceived involvement scored 14.4 (SD, 2.8). Mean satisfaction scored 5.3 (SD 0.7). Higher involvement was associated with increased satisfaction (r = 0.28; P = 0.003), particularly distress relief (r = 0.38; P < 0.0001). Communication scores correlated significantly with compliance intent (r = 0.6; P < 0.0001). There was no correlation between either involvement or satisfaction and UPDRS, Schwab and England, MMSE, or GDS. Quality of life was significantly associated with depression, UPDRS, duration of PD, compliance intent, and satisfaction. The significant positive association between compliance intent and quality of life in the more satisfied patient replicates findings in other disease areas. Due attention to these aspects in delivering care to the PD patient is appropriate. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Relationship between cerebroplacental Doppler ratio and birth weight in postdates pregnancies
Authors: Lam H. , Leung W. C. , Lee C. P. , Lao T. T. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the relationship between cerebroplacental Doppler impedance index and birth weight in postdates pregnancies, and to evaluate the use of a combination of Doppler parameters and ultrasound biometry in the prediction of large‐for‐gestational age (LGA) fetuses at 41 weeks of gestation.MethodsThe pulsatility indices of the umbilical (UA‐PI) and middle cerebral (MCA‐PI) arteries, the cerebroplacental pulsatility index ratio (CPR) and the estimated fetal weight (EFW) were obtained in a cohort of 181 ultrasound‐dated pregnancies at 41 weeks' gestation, 2 days before induction of delivery. A regression equation was established and the correlation between umbilical artery impedance and different birth‐weight centile groups was determined. A receiver–operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to compare prediction of LGA fetuses using biometry alone with that using biometry and UA‐PI.ResultsUA‐PI was inversely related to EFW (Spearson's correlation coefficient rho = −0.28, P < 0.001). Logistic regression showed an independent contribution of UA‐PI to the birth‐weight estimation (birth weight = 1356.8 − 232.0 × UA‐PI + 0.65 × EFW). On ROC curve analysis, the prediction of LGA with the regression equation was comparable to that using ultrasound biometry alone.ConclusionUA‐PI was inversely correlated to EFW, but the combination of ultrasound biometry and UA‐PI compared with biometry alone showed similar prediction of LGA fetuses in postdates pregnancies. Further prospective trials on larger populations or groups with a higher prevalence of LGA fetuses would be needed to validate the use of the new formula. Copyright © 2005 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increased first‐trimester fetal nuchal translucency thickness in association with chondroectodermal dysplasia (Ellis–Van Creveld syndrome)
Authors: Venkat‐Raman N. , Sebire N. J. , Murphy K. W. , Carvalho J. S. , Hall C. M. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIncreased nuchal translucency thickness (NT) is an established sonographic marker of fetal chromosomal abnormality. Several structural fetal defects and genetic syndromes including a range of skeletal dysplasias have been reported in association with increased NT. We report the first case of fetal Ellis–Van Creveld syndrome presenting as raised fetal NT at 13 weeks' gestation. Ultrasonography at 18 weeks' gestation demonstrated a narrow thorax, marked shortening of the long bones with bowed femora and hexadactyly of hands and feet. Pregnancy was terminated at 23 weeks' gestation. The postmortem radiological examination revealed short and bowed long bones with rounded metaphyses, postaxial polydactyly of hands and feet, short ribs and narrow thorax. The acetabular roofs were horizontal with medial and lateral spurs. This case adds a further type of severe skeletal dysplasia to the list of genetic syndromes which may present as increased fetal NT in the late first trimester. Copyright © 2005 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantifying two‐dimensional dichromatic patterns using a photographic technique: case study on the shore crab (Carcinus maenas L.)
Authors: Todd P. A. , Ladle R. J. , Briers R. A. , Brunton A. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractContrasting patterns of pigmentation, such as those associated with crypsis and aposematism, are common in many taxa. In order to determine why patterning varies among individuals or populations, it is important to quantify how these patches of pigment are arranged. Here we present a simple technique for measuring areas of pigmentation as well as their spatial distribution, and demonstrate its application to the study of substrate‐associated patterning in shore crabs (Carcinus maenas L.). The results, based on a virtual grid laid over digital images of crab carapaces, allow for correlations to be made among sample populations. The technique, or variations of it, can be applied to any situation where two‐dimensional dichromatic patterns need to be quantified.
Olanzapine treatment in adolescents with severe conduct disorder
Authors: Masi Gabriele , Milone Annarita , Canepa Giovanna , Millepiedi Stefania , Mucci Maria , Muratori Filippo 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe most severe forms of conduct disorder (CD) are highly stable and disabling disorders, more likely to persist in time and to evolve into disruptive or antisocial behaviors. One crucial issue in the prognosis of these forms of CD is the high resistence to both non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments, with antipsychotic drugs being frequently used in refractory cases. Aim of this study was: (1) to explore efficacy and tolerability of olanzapine treatment in adolescents with severe CD; (2) to identify predictors of olanzapine treatment outcome. This was a retrospective study, based on clinical records of the first 23 adolescents diagnosed as having a CD, diagnosed with a clinical interview (K-SADS), either pure or with comorbid diagnoses, and treated with olanzapine. All these patients did not respond satisfactorily to non-pharmacological intervention and to adequate dosages of mood stabilizers (lithium and/or valproate). The sample consisted of 16 males and seven females, 16 inpatients and seven outpatients (mean age 13.6 ± 1.9 years, range 11–17.2 years), followed-up for a period ranging from 6 to 12 months (mean 8.8 ± 2.7 months). Outcome measures included the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS), Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) and Children Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). During the follow-up, all patients were involved in non-pharmacological treatments (psychotherapy, family therapy, or day-hospital group treatments). Based on both an improvement of at least 50% at MOAS and a score 1 or 2 at CGI-I, 14 out of 23 patients (60.9%) were classified as responders at the end of the follow-up. Significant improvement at the last observation was found in MOAS (P < 0.001) and CGAS (P < 0.001) scores. Olanzapine dosage was 8 ± 3.2 mg/day (range 5–20 mg/day). Mean weight gain at the end of the follow-up was 4.6 ± 3 kg. The predictors of a positive treatment response was an impulsive-affective versus controlled-predatory type of aggression. Age at onset of CD and comorbid disorders did not affect treatment response. These preliminary findings suggest that olanzapine may improve behavior in adolescents with severe and treatment-refractory CD and impulsive aggression.