bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scoping review on the role of the family doctor in the prevention and care of patients with foetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Authors: Leruste Sébastien , Doray Bérénice , Maillard Thierry , Lebon Christophe , Marimoutou Catherine , Spodenkiewicz Michel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the leading preventable cause of nongenetic mental disability. Given the patient care pathway, the General Practitioner (GP) is in the front line of prevention and identification of FASD. Acknowledging the importance of the prevalence of FASD, general practitioners are in the front line both for the detection and diagnosis of FASD and for the message of prevention to women of childbearing age as well as for the follow-up.

Objectives
The main objective of the scoping review was to propose a reference for interventions that can be implemented by a GP with women of childbearing age, their partners and patients with FASD. The final aim of this review is to contribute to the improvement of knowledge and quality of care of patients with FASD.

Methods
A scoping review was performed using databases of peer-reviewed articles following PRISMA guidelines. The search strategy was based on the selection and consultation of articles on five digital resources. The advanced search of these publications was established using the keywords for different variations of FASD: "fetal alcohol syndrome," "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder," "general medicine," "primary care," "primary care"; searched in French and English.

Results
Twenty-three articles meeting the search criteria were selected. The interventions of GPs in the management of patients with FASD are multiple: prevention, identification, diagnosis, follow-up, education, and the role of coordinator for patients, their families, and pregnant women and their partners. FASD seems still underdiagnosed.

Conclusion
The interventions of GPs in the management of patients with FASD are comprehensive: prevention, identification, diagnosis, follow-up, education, and the role of coordinator for patients, their families, and pregnant women and their partners.
Prevention interventions would decrease the incidence of FASD, thereby reducing the incidence of mental retardation, developmental delays, and social, educational and legal issues.
A further study with a cluster randomized trial with a group of primary care practitioners trained in screening for alcohol use during pregnancy would be useful to measure the impact of training on the alcohol use of women of childbearing age and on the clinical status of their children.
Association of personal and systemic factors on intrapartum risk perception and obstetric intervention rates: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Peterwerth Nina H , Halek Margareta , Schäfers Rainhild 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Risk perception is fundamental to decision-making; therefore its exploration is essential to gaining a comprehensive understanding of the decision-making process for peripartum interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between personal and systemic factors of the work setting and the risk perception of obstetric healthcare professionals, and in turn how this might influence decisions regarding obstetric interventions.

Methods
Case vignettes were used to measure risk perception. A quantitative cross-sectional online survey was performed within an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design, and an intervention readiness score created. Associations were calculated using location and dispersion measures, t-tests and correlations in addition to multiple linear regression.

Results
Risk perception, as measured by the risk assessment score, was significantly lower (average 0.8 points) for midwives than for obstetricians (95%-CI [-0.673; -0.317], p < .001). Statistically significant correlations were found for: years of experience and annual number of births in the current workplace, but this was not clinically relevant; hours worked, with the groups of participants working ≥ 30,5 h showing a statistically significant higher risk perception than participants working 20,5–30 h (p = .005); and level of care of the current workplace, with the groups of participants working in a birth clinic (Level IV) showing a statistically significant lower risk perception than participants working in Level I hospital (highly specialised obstetric and neonatal care; p = .016). The option of midwife-led birthing care showed no correlation with risk perception. The survey identified that risk perception, occupation, years in the profession and number of hours worked (i.e. full or part time) represent significant influences on obstetric healthcare professionals’ willingness to intervene.

Conclusions
The results of the survey give rise to the hypothesis that the personal and systemic factors of professional qualification, occupation, number of hours worked and level of acuity of the workplace are related to the risk perception of obstetric healthcare professionals. In turn, risk perception itself made a significant contribution to explaining differences in willingness to intervene, suggesting that it influences obstetricians’ and midwives’ decision-making. Overall, however, the correlations were weak and should be interpreted cautiously. The significant variations in the use of interventions must be addressed in order to provide the highest quality and best possible care for childbearing women and their families. To this end, developing strategies to improve interdisciplinary relationships and collaboration is of great importance.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00017172 (18.06.2019).
A nomogram for predicting adverse pathologic features in low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Authors: Gong Lei , Li Ping , Liu Jingjing , Liu Yan , Guo Xinghong , Liang Weili , Lv Bin , Su Peng , Liang Kai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Identifying risk factors for adverse pathologic features in low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) can provide valuable insights into the necessity of surgical or non-surgical treatment. This study aims to develop a nomogram for predicting the probability of adverse pathologic features in low-risk PTMC patients.

Methods
A total of 662 patients with low-risk PTMC who underwent thyroid surgery were retrospectively analyzed in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from May 2019 to December 2021. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for adverse pathologic features, and a nomogram was constructed based on these factors.

Results
Most PTMC patients with these adverse pathologic features had tumor diameters greater than 0.6 cm (p < 0.05). Other factors (age, gender, family history of thyroid cancer, history of autoimmune thyroiditis, and BRAFV600E mutation) had no significant correlation with adverse pathologic features (p > 0.05 each). The nomogram was drawn to provide a quantitative and convenient tool for predicting the risk of adverse pathologic features based on age, gender, family history of thyroid cancer, autoimmune thyroiditis, tumor size, and BRAFV600E mutation in low-risk PTMC patients. The areas under curves (AUC) were 0.645 (95% CI 0.580–0.702). Additionally, decision curve analysis (DCA) and calibration curves were used to evaluate the clinical benefits of this nomogram, presenting a high net benefit.

Conclusion
Tumor size > 0.60 cm was identified as an independent risk factor for adverse pathologic features in low-risk PTMC patients. The nomogram had a high predictive value and consistency based on these factors.
Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index with CKD progression and estimated glomerular filtration rate in the American CKD population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Zichen , Li Lei , Jiang Luqing , Zhai Ying , Tang Yu , Liu Daoqin , Wu Qiwen 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The number of CKD patients is on the rise worldwide, and diet has become an essential aspect influencing the treatment and prognosis of CKD. However, limited research has explored the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with CKD progression and the essential kidney function indicator, eGFR, in CKD patients. This study aimed to analyze the association between DII and CKD progression and eGFR in the US CKD population using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods
This study utilized data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2007 to 2018, with a total sample size of 2,488 individuals. Study used multiple imputation, based on 5 replications and a chained equation approach method in the R MI procedure, to account for missing data. Weighted multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between DII and the risk of higher CKD stage and a weighted multiple regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between DII and eGFR. Weighted Generalized Additive Models and smoothed curve fitting were applied to detect potential non-linear relationships in this association.

Results
In all three models, it was found that DII was positively associated with the risk of higher CKD stage (P < 0.0001), and an increase in DII was associated with a decrease in eGFR (P < 0.0001). The trend across quartiles of DII remained statistically significant, revealing a gradual elevation in higher CKD stage risk and reduction in eGFR levels for the second, third, and fourth quartiles compared to the lowest quartile (P for trend < 0.0001). Upon adjusting for age, gender, race, education level, poverty income ratio (PIR), marital status, body mass index (BMI), metabolic equivalent (MET) score, drinking, smoking, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, cotinine, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total triglycerides, and total cholesterol, we found a positive correlation between DII and the risk of higher CKD stage (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14–1.40). Further investigation revealed that an increase in DII was associated with a decrease in eGFR (β = -1.29, 95% CI: -1.75, -0.83). Smooth curves illustrated a non-linear positive correlation between DII and CKD risk, while a non-linear negative correlation was observed between DII and eGFR.

Conclusions
Our study results indicate that an increase in DII is associated with an increased risk of higher CKD stage and a decrease in eGFR in all three models. In the fully adjusted model, the risk of higher CKD stage increased by 26% and the eGFR decreased by 1.29 ml/min/1.73 m2 for each unit increase in DII. This finding suggests that in patients with CKD in the US, improved diet and lower DII values may help slow the decline in eGFR and delay the progression of CKD.
Gräberfelder der Czarna Hańcza Gruppe. Die Bestattungsbräuche der alten Sudauer
Authors: Jończyk Ludwika 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag ist den Bestattungsbräuchen in der Zeit vom Ende des 9. bis zum 13. Jh. in dem Gebiet gewidmet, das historisch mit dem Stamm der Sudauer (Jaćwingowie) verbunden ist. Auf einer Übersichtskarte, die die frühmittelalterliche Besiedlung auf preußischem Gebiet darstellt, ist eine Ansammlung von Fundstellen hervorgehoben, die als Czarna Hańcza Gruppe bezeichnet wird. Innerhalb dieses Komplexes wurden bisher 16 Gräberfelder entdeckt. Deren Analyse ergab, dass im Laufe von mehr als 150 Jahren Forscher aus verschiedenen Ländern ähnliche Nekropolen entdeckt haben. Sie befanden sich auf dem Staatsgebiet mehrerer Länder (zuerst Russland und Ostpreußen, dann Polen und Litauen) und wurden in den meisten Fällen stichprobenartig untersucht und nie zusammengeführt.
Es handelt sich um flache Brandgräberfelder. In einigen von ihnen wurden sehr flache und ausgedehnte Gruben beobachtet, in den Konzentrationen von verbrannten Knochen und Ausrüstung beobachtet wurden, osteologisches und archäologisches Material aber auch verstreut in den ganzen Gruben zu finden war. In anderen Fällen konnten nur erhebliche Mengen von verbrannten menschlichen Knochen und mitunter sehr reiche Ausrüstungsbeigaben in der Oberflächenschicht festgestellt werden.
Die Ausstattung weist sehr oft Spuren von vorsätzlicher Zerstörung (Schneiden, Biegen, Brechen) und Verbrennung auf dem Scheiterhaufen auf. Eine Übersicht, die Tausende von Fundfragmenten, die bisher aus der Czarna Hańcza Gruppe bekannt sind einbezieht, ermöglichte es, die Leitfunde für diese Region zu definieren.
Penerapan Deep Learning Untuk Klasifikasi Kesegaran Daging Sapi Berbasis Mobile Apps
Authors: Ekamila Teris , Rahayu Fajar , Zuchriadi Achmad , Octa Indarso Andhika 
Published: February 2024

Tingginya konsumsi daging sapi di Indonesia membuat kebutuhan daging sapi di Indonesia selalu naik secara signifikan setiap tahun. Hal ini berbanding terbalik dengan produksi daging sapi di Indonesia yang menyebabkan impor dan harga daging sapi terus melonjak naik. Keadaan ini membuat pedagang daging sapi melakukan kecurangan mencampur daging sapi segar dengan tidak segar. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dibutuhkan suatu sistem untuk mengklasifikasi dan mendeteksi kesegaran daging sapi sesuai karakteristik yang dimilikinya. Salah satu metode deep learning yang banyak digunakan saat ini yaitu Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Pada CNN, citra diolah menjadi sebuah model yang mampu mengklasifikasikan kelas pada kesegaran daging sapi. Model klasifikasi terbaik pada penelitian ini yaitu akurasi sebesar 100% pada data latih dan data uji, nilai loss sebesar 0,0233 dengan learning rate, epoch dan optimizer ADAM untuk meningkatkan tingkat akurasi pada model. Implementasi model pada mobile apps berbasis Android yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi tingkat kesegaran daging sapi.
Studi Kasus Kestabilan Emosi Mahasiswa Yang Menikah Pada Masa Perkuliahan
Authors: Putriana Haryani , Mz Ihsan , Erawati Desi 
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to observe the description of the emotional stability of IAIN Palangka Raya students who were married, considering the two roles that were brought simultaneously. Focusing on aspects of emotional stability, namely, emotional adequacy, emotional maturity, and emotional control. This type of qualitative research, with data collection techniques using interviews and observation. Data analysis using the NVivo application. The research informants consisted of four pairs of husband and wife, eight people with the characteristics of students who were married and actively attend lectures. The results showed that emotional stability of married IAIN Palangka Raya students in terms of the emotional adequacy aspect was owned by four couples, as evidenced by a sudden change in circumstances. Emotional control, found in all four pairs, was based on the response that arised to emotional impulse. Furthermore, emotional maturity appears in two pairs, one of the two was experienced only by husbands and wives from couples who were not included in the emotional maturity aspect.
THE MICROBIAL “FINGERPRINTS” FROM THE CONTINENTAL LOWER PERMIAN OF POLAND
Authors: SADLOK GRZEGORZ 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Microbes colonize sediment and alter its properties creating a bio-mineral medium. The microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) are the fossil record of an interaction between the physical environment and such a medium. The present report documents bedding surface structures from the Cisuralian (Asselian) Sandstone Building Member (BSM) of the Słupiec Formation, a unit that outcrops in the south-western Poland, in the Sudetes Mountains. The BSM represents likely continental (fluvial) sedimentary settings. The sedimentary structures on bedding surfaces in the BSM are interpreted as the MISS. The observations of the bedding structures are supplemented with thin section data that support the microbial interpretation of the bedding surface structures. The Słupiec Formation MISS record supplements the global patchy fossil record of the post-Cambrian (Paleozoic) MISS from the non-marine settings.
Fabrication, characterization, and testing of a sharp cutting-edge radius sapphire tool for ultra-precision machining
Authors: Dodmani Amit , Subbiah Sathyan , Kumar A. Senthil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Achieving a smooth surface finish in optical components by machining requires wear resistant sharp cutting tools. Single crystal diamond as a cutting tool material has met this requirement so far, but at a cost disadvantage. An economical alternative, such as alumina single crystal(sapphire), with sufficient hardness, wear resistance, and chemical inertness, is explored in this work. A sapphire cutting tool with a zero rake, seven-degree clearance, and edge radius of about 430 nm is fabricated using lapping, polishing, and chemical mechanical polishing processes. The performance of the tool was evaluated via orthogonal cutting of OFHC copper, free-cutting brass, Al6061, and Stavax ESR steel. The influence of parameters, such as cutting speed and uncut chip thickness, on surface finish, cutting force, thrust force, friction coefficient, and chip morphology are analyzed. It was observed that the sapphire tool generates surfaces with average roughness ranging from 10–40 nm on copper and aluminum alloys. However, minimal tool wear observed in the machining of copper alloys and excessive in the aluminum alloy and Stavax. Furthermore, built-up edge was significant in Al6061, and edge chipping was dominant in Stavax during machining. Sapphire is a suitable alternative cutting tool material for machining copper alloys.
A Prospective Study of Sleep Quality in Women Undergoing Chemotherapy for Breast, Ovarian, and Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Cantillo Evelyn , Sharkey Katherine , Luis Christine , Raker Christina , Robison Katina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To describe changes and assess associations in sleep quality and quality of life (QOL) among chemotherapy naïve women undergoing treatment for breast, ovarian, or endometrial cancer
Methods
A prospective cohort study was performed in a Women’s Oncology Program. Sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and QOL using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) prior to-, halfway through-, at completion of-, and 6 months after chemotherapy. Patients with ovarian and endometrial cancers were combined into one group (GynCa) for analysis. The PSQI and FACT scores were analyzed using multivariable linear and logistic regression.
Results
Of the 102 eligible patients, 97 participants enrolled: breast (n=47), ovarian (n=27), and endometrial (n=23). Prior to starting chemotherapy, 59% of women reported poor sleep quality. By mid-treatment, both groups experienced worsening sleep quality: breast (p=.05) and GynCa (p=.04), and QOL: breast (p=0.0001) and GynCa (p=0.02). Changes in sleep quality did not persist at treatment completion. A significant QOL improvement was reported among GynCa patients compared to the breast cohort at 6-months post-treatment (p=0.047). Poorer sleep quality was associated with lower QOL at most study time points.
Conclusions
The majority of chemotherapy naïve women reported poor sleep at baseline. By treatment completion, average PSQI scores continued to show clinically significant sleep disturbances. Poor sleep quality is associated with lower QOL, a prognostic indicator for survival. Future work should examine whether disturbed sleep during chemotherapy worsens treatment outcomes. Poor sleep may be a novel therapeutic target in this population
Feasibility of a Restrictive Transfusion Strategy for Patients Undergoing Malignant Tumour Resection: A Multicentre Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Yu Xiaochu , Chen Yali , Wang Lei , Huang Yuguang , Wang Yipeng , Liu Zhong , Xin Shijie , Lei Guanghua , Yu Xuerong , Wang Zixing , Zhao Jing , Chen Wangyue , Yang Cuihong , Jiang Jingmei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The recommended transfusion threshold for surgical oncology patients remains unclear owing to insufficient evidence from randomized controlled trials. Evidence from observational studies has been questioned because of huge patient heterogeneity. We aimed to assess the safety of restrictive transfusion at a minimum tolerable haemoglobin threshold for surgical oncology patients with observational data using a tailored design and analysis.
Methods
Data were collected from four representative regional hospitals in China during 2015 − 2016. Surgical inpatients with seven types of cancer (total cancers) comprised 6055 participants as the base population. In our design, we (1) derived a primary analytic sample by the interested zone of transfusion decision: 6–10 g/dL; (2) selected the control group according to trigger haemoglobin threshold; (3) evaluated the patient heterogeneity between the transfused and non-transfused groups with key covariates according to standardized mean difference (SMD) values. Analysis is mainly based on two datasets: The base population to obtain a natural pattern of transfusion practice; and the primary analytic sample to evaluate the safety of a restrictive transfusion strategy.
Results
In the base population, 836 (13.81%) were transfused and showed high heterogeneity compared with non-transfused patients (SMD: 7.1–71.31%); there was a significant positive association between transfusion and the composite outcome (in-hospital complications and death) (P < 0.05). In the primary analytic sample, patient heterogeneity was greatly reduced (all SMD ≤ 10%). Compared with non-transfusion, transfusion no longer increased the risk of the composite outcome for total cancers at haemoglobin 6–10 g/dL (odds ratio [OR]: 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71–1.98), especially for colorectal cancer at 6 − 8 g/dL (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.17–1.68). Compared with those transfused at haemoglobin 8–10 g/dL, patients transfused at 6–8 g/dL did not increase the risk of the composite outcome for total cancers (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.44–2.65), especially for colorectal cancer (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.12–1.82).
Conclusions
A restrictive transfusion threshold of 8 g/dL may be feasible for total cancers, with a threshold as low as 6 g/dL for colorectal cancer. Restrictive transfusion evidence can be complemented with observational data using a tailored design and analysis.
A Frequency Domain Adversarial Attack in Medical Image Analysis System
Authors: Guan Xiaohui , Chen Guoxiang , He Shuke , Sun Xinxin , Qian Yaguan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Deep neural networks (CNNs) have gained popularity in medical image analysis tasks, such as cancer diagnosis and lesion detection. However, recent research has revealed that medical deep learning systems are vulnerable to adversarial examples. In this paper, We propose a novel attack method from a spatial-domain perspective, named TextureDrop. The method crafts adversarial examples by dropping the high-frequency components (HFC) of medical images, thus making the medical image classification model misclassified. Additionally, we have developed a training method for medical neural networks. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of our method, which is not only more destructive but also stealthy. Furthermore, our approach introduces a new assessment framework for evaluating the robustness of medical networks from a frequency-domain perspective.