bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coastal mortality burden on school holidays 2004–2021: an Australian perspective
Authors: Strasiotto Luke , Ellis Annabel , Daw Shane , Lawes Jasmin C 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionSchool holidays are a known period of increased risk of paediatric drowning. However, the risk of coastal death for all age groups is unknown.MethodsThis case–control study aimed to identify high-risk demographics and behaviours relating to coastal deaths during the school holidays. We address this knowledge gap by comparing unintentional coastal deaths (drowning deaths and other coastal fatalities) in Australia between 1 July 2004–30 June 2021 to a survey sample representative of the Australian population.ResultsSchool holidays increased the risk of coastal death increased overall by 1.39 times (95% CI 1.32 to 146, p=0.00019). This increased risk differed across activities, behaviours and demographics. Few between-group differences were detected, indicating that school holidays pose an increased risk to the wider Australian population on the coast, regardless of demographics and practices. Increased school holiday mortality risk was identified broadly across groups, but notably for young adults (risk ratio, RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.53, p<0.001), when attempting a rescue (RR 1.85, 95% CI 1.42 to 2.39, p=0.0002), scuba diving (RR 1.82, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.23, p<0.0001) and swimming/wading (RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.56 to 1.89, p<0.0001). Children did not have a significantly increased risk of death (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.87, p=0.054).ConclusionThese results highlight that while school holiday risk research regarding drowning has focused on the safety of children, these time periods also pose significant safety concerns to the rest of the population for both drowning deaths and other fatalities. Overall, the research highlights ongoing need for public education for all carers of children, as well as continuing to extend risk education to the broader community. Mitigation strategies, that is, advocacy for extending life-saving service and engaging with accommodation providers during school holidays are proposed.
Constant roll inflation and Finsler geometry: exploring anisotropic universe with scalar factor parametrization
Authors: Narasimhamurthy S. K. , Praveen J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the concept of cosmological constant-roll inflation within the framework of Finslerian space-time. We approach the theory of cosmic evolution using Finsler geometry, incorporating the parametrization of the anisotropic parameter by the scalar factor a(t) by $$\eta \left( t \right) =a\left( t \right) ^{-n}$$

η

t

=
a

t

-
n

, where n is any real number. Our exploration mainly focuses on constant roll inflation, The analytical expression for Hubble parameter is found by using constant roll condition, and we derive crucial cosmological parameters such as scalar factor a(t), scalar spectral index $$(n_{s})$$

(

n
s

)

, and tensor-to-scalar ratio (r) for the inflationary universe. By using the analytical expressions for slow-roll parameters and the number of e-folds number we have found the values of $$n_{s}$$

n
s

and r. Further, we identify the range of $$\alpha $$
α
values for which the theoretical values of spectral indices align with the observed Planck’s data. This work significantly contributes to our understanding of inflationary dynamics within the context of Finsler geometry.
Analysis of the geometry of the zero-velocity curves in the N-body ring problem depending on the mass ratio parameter
Authors: Boureghda Zahra , Martínez-Belda M. C. , Navarro Juan F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of the present study is the investigation of the effect of the mass ratio parameter, $$\beta$$
β
, on the geometry of the zero-velocity curves, when there are $$N=3,4,\ldots ,100$$

N
=
3
,
4
,
…
,
100

peripheral bodies. It is well known that there is a bifurcation value of the $$\beta$$
β
parameter in the N-body ring problem that produces a change in the number of stationary solutions in the system from 5N to 3N. By examining the behavior of the critical values of the Jacobi constant that define each of the zones of stationary solutions, we have unveiled the existence of other bifurcations or critical values of $$\beta$$
β
in the scenario with 5N stationary solutions, which cause different changes in the geometry of the zero-velocity curves, which in turn affect the threshold for the total opening of the curves of zero velocity.
Impact of a unilateral horizontal gene transfer on the evolutionary equilibria of a population
Authors: Gárriz Alejandro , Léculier Alexis , Mirrahimi Sepideh 
Published: January 2024

How does the interplay between selection, mutation and horizontal gene transfer modify the phenotypic distribution of a bacterial or cell population? While horizontal gene transfer, which corresponds to the exchange of genetic material between individuals, has a major role in the adaptation of many organisms, its impact on the phenotypic density of populations is not yet fully understood. We study an elliptic integro-differential equation describing the evolutionary equilibrium of the phenotypic density of an asexual population. In a regime of small mutational variance, we characterize the solution which results from the balance between competition for a resource, mutation and horizontal gene transfer. We show that in a certain range of parameters polymorphic equilibria exist, which means that the phenotypic density may concentrate around several dominant traits. Such polymorphic equilibria result from an antagonist interplay between horizontal gene transfer and selection, while similar models which neglect the transfer lead only to monomorphic equilibria.
New asymptotic lower bound for the radius of analyticity of solutions to nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Getachew Tegegne , Belayneh Birilew 
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we show that the radius of analyticity [Formula: see text] of solutions to the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation [Formula: see text] is bounded from below by [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] and by [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] as [Formula: see text], given initial data that is analytic with fixed radius. This improves results obtained by Tesfahun [On the radius of spatial analyticity for cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equations, J. Differential Equations 263(11) (2017) 7496–7512] for [Formula: see text] and Ahn et al. [On the radius of spatial analyticity for defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 40(1) (2020) 423–439] for any odd integers [Formula: see text], where they obtained a decay rate [Formula: see text] for larger [Formula: see text]. The proof of our main theorems is based on a modified Gevrey space introduced in [T. T. Dufera, S. Mebrate and A. Tesfahun, On the persistence of spatial analyticity for the beam equation, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 509(2) (2022) 126001], the local smoothing effect, maximal function estimate of the Schrödinger propagator, a method of almost conservation law, Schrödinger admissibility and one-dimensional Sobolev embedding.
Animals’ Mobilities in Popular Fiction: Time, Duration, and Desire in Sheila Burnford’s The Incredible Journey
Authors: Howell Philip 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In Sheila Burnford’s 1961 novel The Incredible Journey, three domestic animals undertake an arduous trek through the forests of northern Ontario to be reunited with their owners and family. As an example of “homing instinct” stories, The Incredible Journey has been influential, notably as a result of the 1963 Disney film. The genre is easily dismissed as sentimentally anthropomorphic, but this paper treats Burnford’s novel as a sophisticated treatment of animals’ mobilities in terms of literary animal studies. Drawing on the philosophy of Henri Bergson, The Incredible Journey is presented as an adventure in time rather than in space, contrasting the human perspective of maps and miles with the Bergsonian concept of duration, the real experience of the passage of time, and with related themes of free will, instinct, and desire. This paper concludes that Burnford offers a less anthropocentric perspective on animals’ mobility.
From Positive to Negative Historical Statecraft: The Shifting Use of History in China’s Diplomacy
Authors: Smith Nicholas Ross , Fallon Tracey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Typically, China has tried to use positive aspects of its history, such as its previous grandeur and its philosophical and cultural heritage, to guide its diplomatic strategic narratives – a kind of historical statecraft. However, this has largely failed to inspire international audiences. Analysis of China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ regular press conferences over a twenty-year period reveals there is an observable seeping of more negative aspects of history into China’s diplomatic language during Xi Jinping’s second term. Negative history appears in China’s strategic narratives to highlight changes in the international order by reframing understandings of China and the nature of other major powers. Negative history of this type might afford Xi significant domestic legitimacy, as well as some international supporters, for its assertive articulations; at the same time, however, it reduces China’s ability to win over international audiences and positively disseminate its vision of international order.
A cross-sectional study of the willingness to consume insects in a culture without entomophagy
Authors: Peksever D. , Ruby M.B. , El S.N. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Entomophagy is the technical term for eating insects and traditionally a part of daily diet in many tropical and subtropical countries. The rapidly increasing world population, industry and human-induced environmental pollution, and global warming reduce agricultural lands and clean water resources and make it difficult to produce sufficient food and therefore protein. Although edible insects are a promising opportunity as they require fewer natural resources than other animal foods, they are not considered as the food of the future in many Western countries for reasons such as disgust. A growing body of research in a diverse array of cultural contexts has examined people’s attitudes towards eating insects, but this work has not yet included Türkiye, a country with a well-established traditional cuisine and where entomophagy is highly novel. This study examined attitudes toward eating insects, and predictors thereof, in a large Turkish community sample (n = 914). For willingness to eat whole insects, age was a significant positive predictor, and food neophobia, disgust sensitivity, and being female were negative predictors for both whole insects and insect flour foods. For both types of insect foods, disgust was a negative predictor and belief in the benefits of eating insects was a positive predictor. This pattern of results is concordant with work from many other cultural contexts in the Americas, Asia, and Western Europe, providing further evidence for the importance of reducing food neophobia and disgust sensitivity and providing information about the benefits of insect foods in order to improve attitudes toward entomophagy.
Effect of graphene nano-platelets on the low-velocity-impact and compression-after-impact strength of the glass fiber epoxy composite laminates
Authors: Anuse Vaibhav Somaji , K Shankar , Velmurugan R , Ha Sung Kyu , Han Hyeonseok 
Published: January 2024

Detecting the low-velocity impact damage on the FRP composite structures can be challenging because the visible signs on the surface may be subtle. Mitigating the effects of BVID (Barely Visible Impact Damage) is crucial in ensuring the safety and reliability of composite components, especially in industries where these materials are commonly used, such as aerospace and automotive. This article explores the experimental investigations of the impact and post-impact damage propagation under compression in the Graphene Nano-Platelets (GNPs) infused glass fiber epoxy composite laminates. A comparative study of varying the percentage of the nano-platelets (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75%) in the matrix material of the composite laminate is presented. The impact tests at low energies (15 J, 20 J, and 25 J), followed by the quasi-static compression tests, are carried out as per the procedures mentioned in the ASTM D7136/D7137. The digital image correlation technique (DIC) is used to measure strains and plot the strain field on the impacted face of the specimen under compression. Damage envelopes of the impact and compression tests are studied using X-ray CT scans. Micro-level failures are observed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to get better insights into the failure mechanism of the composite materials under impact and compression loadings. Upon completing the study, it is found that the addition of the GNP into the matrix materials not only increased the impact performance but also increased the load-carrying capacity of the laminate under compressive loading. A decrement of 2–21% in the energy absorbed in the damage formation is seen with the incorporation of GNPs into composite materials. A maximum increment of 17% in the compressive strength is observed for the composite laminates with the 0.75% GNPs. However, for a particular percentage of the GNP, the compressive strength of the laminate is reduced with an increase in impact energy compared with its virgin counterpart. From X-ray CT scans, it is seen that the laminate under the compression tests fails due to excessive ply-splitting and the delamination at the damage site created during the impact. Fiber breakage, fiber brooming, matrix cracking, fiber-matrix debonding, etc., are some of the other failure modes observed in SEM studies.
YOLOvT: CSPNet-based attention for a lightweight textile defect detection model
Authors: Hu Xiaohan , Dai Ning , Hu Xudong , Yuan Yanhong 
Published: January 2024

Fabric inspection is a crucial process in the textile industry's quality control. Due to the varying structures, textures, geometric features, and spatial distributions of fabric defects, manual fabric inspection is costly and inefficient. Existing fabric defect detection algorithms struggle to strike a balance among efficiency, accuracy, applicability, and deployment costs. In this model, an efficient lightweight fabric defect detection and classification algorithm based on deep convolutional neural networks is proposed. First, the algorithm performs cluster analysis on the fabric defect dataset to ensure that prior boxes better recall objects with fabric defect geometries and spatial characteristics. Next is fusing the convolutional block attention module attention mechanism and Swin Transformer module with the CSPNet structure. This fusion enhances the model's focus on local features and its ability to capture global contextual information without sacrificing the model's inference speed. Moreover, WIoU or Wise-IoU is used as the bounding box loss function of the model, which improves the convergence speed of the bounding box loss and enhances the positioning ability of the model. Finally, the performance of the improved model was validated on a public dataset, showing varying degrees of improvement compared to the baseline model and other state-of-the-art algorithms, meeting the requirements of modern textile processes.
Development of A Suicide Prevention Training Module for Social Work Students in India
Authors: Rathinam Bharath , Cherian Anish V. , Loganathan Santosh , Chandra Prabha S. , Armstrong Gregory 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Social workers constitute a significant task force that serves diverse populations experiencing psychosocial challenges in their daily lives. Lack of suicide prevention content/training in the Master of Social Work program may affect the student’s self-esteem/ability to intervene when they come across a person with suicidality in the field. Developing a suicide prevention training module for social work students would be a suitable measure for upbringing their skills in dealing with individuals with suicidality. Method: The purpose of the present study was to develop a suicide prevention training module for social work students at the postgraduate level. The researcher conducted two Focused Group Discussions (FGD) each with social work students ( n = 13) and social work educators ( n = 15) on an online platform. Notes were taken during the discussion, and the contents were videotaped. The videotaped content was transcribed, and content analysis was used to analyze the data. The content that emerged from the FGD with social work students and educators was discussed in later FGD with mental health experts (two psychiatrists, one psychologist, two psychiatric social workers, and two mental health nurses). The discussion with experts clarified what components to retain for the training program. Results: Five major themes and 22 sub-themes emerged from the two FGDs each with students and educators, and one FGD with mental health professionals are described. The five major themes were understanding of suicidality, understanding suicide education in the master of social work curriculum, experience with suicidality, training content suggestion, and suggestions for future implications. Conclusions: The present study identified the need for suicide prevention training in postgraduate-level social work students. Furthermore, a lack of suicide prevention training was observed indicating the incorporation of suicide education in the postgraduate curriculum.
Parameter design of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic resin composites via in situ-curing 3D printing technology
Authors: Dong Wencai , Bao Chonggao , Liu Rongzhen , Li Shijia 
Published: January 2024

To improve the print quality and mechanical properties, the process parameters of the continuous carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic resin (CF/PF) composites were systematically investigated based on the in situ-curing 3D printing technology. The printing spacing and printing thickness affected the bonding between fiber bundles. Under the optimized parameters, the surface of the CF/PF composites was smooth and flat, without obvious gaps between the adjacent prepregs and printing layers. Especially, we optimized the resin impregnation temperature ( T i) and analyzed the influence mechanism on mechanical properties. With the increasing impregnation temperature, the resin content and the squeezing force applied to fiber bundles decrease, while the wettability between fiber and resin increases. The resin contents and the squeezing force play more important role on the mechanical properties of the CF/PF composites. With the combined influence of the above effects, the flexural strength of CF/PF composites reaches maximum value of 471.1 MPa under the impregnation temperature of 30°C, printing spacing of 0.80 mm, and printing thickness of 0.10 mm, with minimum defect volume, uniform distribution of fiber and resin, and appropriate fiber/resin interaction.
Resident and Caregiver Dyads Talk About Death and Dying in Assisted Living: A Typology of Communication Behaviors
Authors: Vandenberg Ann E. , Bender Alexis A. , Kemp Candace L. , Perkins Molly M. 
Published: January 2024

Background In the U.S., assisted living (AL) is increasingly a site of death, and anxiety about dying has been identified in long-term care residents and their caregivers. Communication about death and dying is associated with better quality of life and care at end of life (EOL). Objective To understand communication behaviors used by AL residents and their informal caregivers (i.e., family members or friends) related to death and dying, and address communication needs or opportunities applicable to EOL care in AL. Design A thematic analysis of in-depth interviews and fieldnotes from a subsample of data from a 5-year NIA-funded study. Setting/Subjects Participants included 15 resident-caregiver dyads from three diverse AL communities in Atlanta, Georgia in the U.S. Measurements Interview transcripts were coded for communication behavior. Concordances and discordances within dyads were examined. Results We identified a typology of four dyadic communication behaviors: Talking (i.e., both partners were talking with each other about death), Blocking (i.e., one partner wanted to talk about death but the other did not), Avoiding (i.e., each partner perceived that the other did not want to communicate about death), and Unable (i.e., dyads could not communicate about death because of interpersonal barriers). Conclusions Older residents in AL often want to talk about death but are blocked from doing so by an informal caregiver. Caregivers and AL residents may benefit from training in death communication. Recommendations for improving advance care planning and promoting better EOL communication includes timing these conversations before the opportunity is lost.
Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation on Fatigue, Motor Function and Cognition: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Liu Changjiang , Dong Xiaoling , Jia Jia , Ha Mei 
Published: January 2024

Dietary astaxanthin supplementation has been demonstrated to have many beneficial and health-promoting effects. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effect of astaxanthin supplementation on fatigue, cognition, and exercise efficiency. A total of 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 346 healthy participants were included. The random effects model and pooled standardized mean difference (SMDs) were used according to Hedge’s g for the meta-analysis, and a meta-regression was also conducted. The results of the two existing studies showed a positive trend for astaxanthin in subjective fatigue relief. The effects of astaxanthin supplementation for 8–12 weeks on cognitive accuracy were marginally significant (SMD: .12; 95% CI: −.02–.26) and on reaction time was not significant (SMD: −.08; 95% CI: −.26 to .10). Remarkably, astaxanthin supplementation combined with regular training could enhance the fat oxidation (SMD: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.24–3.89), and significantly improve the physical performance (SMD: .62; 95% CI: .17–1.06). The subgroup analysis further showed significantly greater benefits when performing the aerobic exercises performance (SMD: .45; 95% CI: .13–.76), when the dose was ≥ 20 mg (SMD: .37; 95% CI: .11–.63), and when the supplementation duration was > 12 weeks (SMD: .66; 95% CI: .13–.63). We conclude that astaxanthin supplementation could significantly enhance aerobic exercise efficiency, especially at higher doses and for longer durations. Further studies based on large sample sizes are imperatively warranted.