bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Measured and Estimated Creatinine Clearance in Patients With Advanced HIV Disease
Authors: Huang Eric , Hewitt Ross G. , Shelton Mark , Morse Gene D. 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To assess the accuracy of five creatinine clearance equations in predicting measured creatinine clearance in hospitalized patients with human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infection.Design. Prospective evaluation over a 6‐month period.Setting. Erie County Medical Center, a 550‐bed teaching institution.Patients. Forty‐seven HIV‐positive patients (39 men, 8 women) who were admitted for a variety of HIV‐related illnesses and judged clinically to have stable renal function. Of the 47 original patients, 44 were evaluable based on exclusion criteria.Interventions. Serum creatinine and 24‐hour measured creatinine clearance were performed in each patient.Measurements and Main Results. The estimated creatinine clearance from each of the equations (Cockcroft‐Gault, two Jeliffe equations, Mawer et al, and Hull et al) was compared with the measured creatinine clearance. Statistical analysis of these comparisons was performed and all of the equations were found to overestimate the measured creatinine clearance (mean error 34–45%).Conclusions. Many HIV‐infected patients have a decreased creatinine clearance despite a serum creatinine concentration within the normal range. Each of the equations overestimated the measured creatinine clearance.
Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of a New Hydroxypropyl‐β‐Cyclodextrin Formulation of Itraconazole
Authors: Van de Velde Vera J.S. , Van Peer Achiel P. , Heykants Joseph J.P. , Woestenborghs Robert J.H. , Van Rooy Patricia , De Beule Karel L. , Cauwenbergh Geert F.M.J. 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To compare the pharmacokinetics of a single 100‐mg oral dose of itraconazole administered as 10 ml of a 10‐mg/ml itraconazole solution in hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin under fasting versus postprandial conditions.Design. Open‐label, two‐way, randomized, crossover study.Setting. Janssen Research Foundation, Belgium.Patients. Twelve healthy volunteers.Interventions. Blood samples were obtained for pharmacokinetic analyses immediately before dosing and at regular intervals up to 96 hours after each dose. Blood and urine samples were obtained for hematologic, biochemical, and urinary safety analyses at baseline and at the end of the study.Measurements and Main Results. The mean peak plasma concentrations of both itraconazole and its active metabolite hydroxy‐itraconazole were significantly higher under fasting conditions than under postprandial conditions. The mean times to peak concentration for both the parent compound and its metabolite were significantly shorter under fasting than under nonfasting conditions. The mean areas under the curve (AUC0–∞ and AUC0–24 hrs) were also significantly higher under fasting than under postprandial conditions.Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the higher bioavailability of this new formulation of itraconazole may be of benefit in seriously ill patients who are not able to ingest adequate quantities of food. The fact that the solution was also well tolerated and was not associated with clinically significant changes in any laboratory value further underscores the potential utility of this dosing form.
Serum Iron Concentrations and Symptoms of Acute Iron Poisoning in Children
Authors: Chyka Peter A. , Butler Adrianne Y. , Holley Joseph E. 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To determine whether serum iron concentrations correlate with the development of symptoms of iron poisoning in children.Design. A retrospective study of medical records from January 1976 through June 1992.Setting. A tertiary care children's medical center.Patients. Criteria for patient selection included an acute ingestion of iron‐containing drugs, measurement of serum iron prior to deferoxamine administration, and a serum iron concentration (obtained within 2–9 hours of exposure) that was greater than 150 μg/dl (27 μmol/L). Of the 128 children who were hospitalized for acute iron poisoning, 92 patients (mean age 2.3 ± 2.2 years) met the selection criteria.Interventions. None.Measurements and Main Results. The mean (± SD) serum iron concentrations (μg/dl) of patients who exhibited cardiovascular instability (725 ± 555, n = 6; p < 0.001) differed from those categorized with central nervous system changes (373 ± 77, n = 30), gastrointestinal symptoms (334 ± 83, n = 44), and no symptoms (368 ± 102, n = 12). Serum iron concentrations in patients with cardiovascular instability ranged from 205–500 μg/dl (37–269 μmol/L), whereas those with no symptoms ranged from 170–513 μg/dl (30 to 92 μmol/L) demonstrating considerable overlap of ranges.Conclusions. Serum iron concentrations do not necessarily relate to acute toxicity, and further study is needed to demonstrate the value of serum iron concentrations and to identify alternative strategies in the emergency assessment of the acutely poisoned child.
Repeatability of Quantitative Knee Cartilage T1, T2, and T1ρ Mapping With 3D‐MRI Fingerprinting
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , de Moura Hector L. , Monga Anmol , Zibetti Marcelo V. W. , Kijowski Richard , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThree‐dimensional MR fingerprinting (3D‐MRF) techniques have been recently described for simultaneous multiparametric mapping of knee cartilage. However, investigation of repeatability remains limited.PurposeTo assess the intra‐day and inter‐day repeatabilities of knee cartilage T1, T2, and T1ρ maps using a 3D‐MRF sequence for simultaneous measurement.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsFourteen healthy subjects (35.4 ± 9.3 years, eight males), scanned on Day 1 and Day 7.Field Strength/Sequence3 T/3D‐MRF, T1, T2, and T1ρ maps.AssessmentThe acquisition of 3D‐MRF cartilage (simultaneous acquisition of T1, T2, and T1ρ maps) were acquired using a dictionary pattern‐matching approach. Conventional cartilage T1, T2, and T1ρ maps were acquired using variable flip angles and a modified 3D‐Turbo‐Flash sequence with different echo and spin‐lock times, respectively, and were fitted using mono‐exponential models. Each sequence was acquired on Day 1 and Day 7 with two scans on each day.Statistical TestsThe mean and SD for cartilage T1, T2, and T1ρ were calculated in five manually segmented regions of interest (ROIs), including lateral femur, lateral tibia, medial femur, medial tibia, and patella cartilages. Intra‐subject and inter‐subject repeatabilities were assessed using coefficient of variation (CV) and intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively, on the same day and among different days. Regression and Bland–Altman analysis were performed to compare maps between the conventional and 3D‐MRF sequences.ResultsThe CV in all ROIs was lower than 7.4%, 8.4%, and 7.5% and the ICC was higher than 0.56, 0.51, and 0.52 for cartilage T1, T2, and T1ρ, respectively. The MRF results had a good agreement with the conventional methods with a linear regression slope >0.61 and R2 > 0.59.ConclusionThe 3D‐MRF sequence had high intra‐subject and inter‐subject repeatabilities for simultaneously measuring knee cartilage T1, T2, and T1ρ with good agreement with conventional sequences.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 1
Situational anxiety in head and neck cancer: Rates, patterns and clinical management interventions in a regional cancer setting
Authors: Forbes Erin , Clover Kerrie , Oultram Sharon , Wratten Chris , Kumar Mahesh , Tieu Minh Thi , Carter Gregory , McCarter Kristen , Britton Ben , Baker Amanda L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionResearch indicates that the immobilisation mask required for radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancers can provoke intense anxiety. However, little is known about the rates of this anxiety, whether it changes over a course of treatment and how it is managed in clinical practice. This study aimed to describe the rates and patterns of situational anxiety in patients undergoing RT for head and neck cancer and the use of anxiety management interventions in current clinical practice in a major regional cancer setting in New South Wales, Australia.MethodsSituational anxiety rates and patterns were assessed at five time points using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory prior to treatment planning (SIM), the first three treatment sessions (Tx 1, Tx 2 and Tx 3) and treatment 20 (Tx 20). Sessions were observed to record the use of general supportive interventions (music and support person) and anxiety‐specific interventions (break from the mask, relaxation techniques and anxiolytic medication). Sociodemographic and clinical information was extracted from the medical record.ResultsOne hundred and one patients were recruited. One‐third had clinically significant anxiety at any of the first three time points (33.3–40%), and a quarter at Tx 3 (26.4%) and Tx 20 (23.4%). Of the sample, 55.4% had available data for categorisation into one of four pattern groups: ‘No Anxiety’ (46.4%); ‘Decreasing Anxiety’ (35.7%); ‘Increasing Anxiety’ (7.1%); and ‘Stable High Anxiety’ (10.7%). Most participants had social support present at SIM (53.5%) and listened to music during treatment (86.7–92.9%). Few participants received relaxation techniques alone (1.2–2.3%). Anxiolytic medication was provided for 10% of patients at some stage during the treatment journey and 5% required a break from the mask at SIM, with frequency decreasing throughout the treatment course.ConclusionsIn this regional cancer setting, situational anxiety was common, but generally decreased throughout treatment. Some patients experience persistent or increasing anxiety, with up to 10% of patients receiving specific anxiety management interventions.
Preparation and characterization of zein/gelatin electrospun film loaded with ε‐polylysine and gallic acid as tuna packaging system
Authors: Li Qiuying , Zhou Wenxuan , Yu Xinrui , Cui Fangchao , Tan Xiqian , Sun Tong , Li Jianrong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDComposite nanofiber films loaded with ε‐polylysine (PL) and gallic acid (GA) were prepared using a zein/gelatin (ZG) electrospinning method to develop effective active packaging films for tuna preservation. The morphology, structure, thermal stability, hydrophobicity, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of the films, and their application for tuna during a period of storage of 4 °C were investigated.RESULTSPL reduced the average diameter of ZG fibers, whereas GA increased it. The PL/GA/ZG film possessed a well distributed fiber morphology with an average diameter of 810 ± 150 nm. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction results showed the physical loading of PL and GA in ZG film with the main chemical bonds and crystal structure unchanged. The addition of both PL and GA reduced hydrophobicity of the ZG film while the PL/GA/ZG film was still hydrophobic. GA enhanced its thermal stability and contributed to its antioxidant activity. PL and GA synergetically enhanced the antibacterial activity of ZG film against Shewanella putrefaciens. PL combined with GA is more suitable for modifying ZG film than GA alone. The PL/GA/ZG film effectively inhibited total viable counts, total volatile base nitrogen, fat oxidation, and texture deterioration of tuna fillets at 4 °C storage, and could extend the shelf life by 3 days.CONCLUSIONSThe PL/GA/ZG nanofiber film demonstrated promising potential for application in the preservation of aquatic products as a new antibacterial and antioxidant food packaging. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Blood compatible biomaterials: Hydrophilicity vs. hydrophobicity
Authors: Sevastianov Viktor I. , Drushlyak Irina V. , Eberhart Robert C. , Wan Kim Sung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA tendency towards unification of adsorption properties of hemocompatible hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces within the first minutes of contact with protein was demonstrated. Nevertheless the change of adsorption properties of blood compatible hydrophilic surface after passivation with proteins is much less in comparison with the one for blood compatible hydrophobic surface.
Ultra‐High Temperature Treatment of Liquid Infant Formula, Systemic Immunity, and Kidney Development in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Sun Jing , Akıllıoğlu Halise Gül , Zhong Jingren , Muk Tik , Pan Xiaoyu , Lund Marianne Nissen , Sangild Per Torp , Nguyen Duc Ninh , Bering Stine Brandt 
Published: October 2023

ScopeReady‐to‐feed liquid infant formulas (IFs) are increasingly being used for newborn preterm infants when human milk is unavailable. However, sterilization of liquid IFs by ultra‐high temperature (UHT) introduces Maillard reaction products (MRPs) that may negatively affect systemic immune and kidney development.Methods and resultsUHT‐treated IF without and with prolonged storage (SUHT) are tested against pasteurized IF (PAST) in newborn preterm pigs as a model for preterm infants. After 5 days, blood leukocytes, markers of systemic immunity and inflammation, kidney structure and function are evaluated. No consistent differences between UHT and PAST pigs are observed. However, SUHT increases plasma TNFα and IL‐6 and reduces neutrophils and in vitro response to LPS. In SUHT pigs, the immature kidneys show minor upregulation of gene expressions related to inflammation (RAGE, MPO, MMP9) and oxidative stress (CAT, GLO1), together with glomerular mesangial expansion and cell injury. The increased inflammatory status in SUHT pigs appears unrelated to systemic levels of MRPs.ConclusionSUHT feeding may impair systemic immunity and affect kidney development in preterm newborns. The systemic effects may be induced by local gut inflammatory effects of MRPs. Optimal processing and length of storage are critical for UHT‐treated liquid IFs for preterm infants.
Isogeometric cohesive zone modeling of interfaces in reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Klarmann Simon , Kikis Georgia , Klinkel Sven , Chudoba Rostislav 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn reinforced concrete structures, the correct representation of the bond between concrete and reinforcement is a challenging task, since different mechanisms are acting simultaneously. On the other hand, the exact description of the reinforcement's geometry is not sufficient when using Lagrange shape functions and can additionally alter the modeling of this interaction. Isogeometric analysis enables the exact representation of complex geometries, and thus, can improve the correct description of the interface mechanisms. The concrete matrix and the reinforcement are modeled using boundary representation together with Non‐Uniform Rational B‐Spline (NURBS) and B‐splines Scaled Boundary Isogeometric Analysis (SBIGA) which is in accordance with the modeling technique in Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools. This allows for a straightforward use of the design model in the analysis process. The interaction mechanisms between reinforcement and concrete are modeled using a zero‐thickness interface in combination with a thermodynamically consistent cohesive zone model that captures the decohesion, compression and sliding effects. It includes a coupled damage‐plasticity dissipation for the normal and tangential direction. The model is verified using experimental results and a comparison to the standard finite element method (FEM) is carried out in order to investigate the benefits of applying isogeometric analysis for the exact representation of the reinforcement.
Complete composition analysis of polysaccharides based on HPAEC‐PAD coupled with quantitative analysis of multi‐components by single marker
Authors: Yan Xiao‐Hui , Liu Xue‐Qing , Liang Jun , Kuang Hai‐Xue , Xia Yong‐Gang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionMonosaccharide compositions analysis (MCA) is indispensable for structural characterisations and structure–activity relationships of plant polysaccharides.ObjectivesTo develop a concise and direct MCA method, we established a quantitative analysis of the multi‐monosaccharaides by single marker (QAMS) by high‐performance anion‐exchange chromatography with pulsed‐amperometric detection (HPAEC‐PAD) method.MethodologyA stable and reproducible HPAEC‐PAD method for simultaneous determination of aldoses, ketoses and uronic acids (i.e., l‐arabinose, d‐xylose, d‐ribose, l‐rhamnose, d‐fucose, d‐mannose, d‐glucose, d‐galactose, d‐fructose, d‐glucuronic acid and d‐galacturonic acid) was established by systematic optimisation of stationary phases, column temperatures and elution programmes. On this basis, the QAMS method was proposed through comprehensive investigations of relative correction factor (RCF) variations under different influencing factors, for example, sample concentrations, flow rates, and column temperatures.ResultsUsing rhamnose as an internal reference standard, the contents of the other monosaccharide components in polysaccharides from Panax quinquefolium L. and Achyranthes bidentata Bl. samples were simultaneously determined by QAMS, and there was no significant difference between the results from the QAMS and external standard method (t test, P > 0.520). In addition, a MCA fingerprinting of 30 batches of P. quinquefolium polysaccharide was established by HPAEC‐PAD, and six common peaks were assigned and determined.ConclusionsThe established HPAEC‐PAD‐QAMS method was successfully applied to the MCA of polysaccharides from P. quinquefolium and A. bidentata after optimisation of hydrolysis conditions. HPAEC‐PAD‐QAMS was proposed and established for MCA of plant polysaccharides for the first time.
Evaluating the carbon footprint of the integrated DBD‐plasma bi‐reforming unit via laboratory scale experiments and scaled‐up process modeling
Authors: Cao Guoqiang , Gonzalez‐Casamachin Diego Alexander , Xiao Yue , Chen Chien‐Hua , Uddi Mruthunjaya , Baltrusaitis Jonas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCatalytic dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor experiments were performed in a tubular glass reactor with a 2 mm gap at 550°C to facilitate the reaction kinetics of steam added dry reforming or bireforming. The best specific energy input obtained was 11.2 eV/molecule feed at CO2:CH4:H2O of 4.5:1:4.5 ratio and gas hour space velocity (GHSV) = 432 h−1. This value was used to design a conceptual process and assess the environmental impact of methane steam reforming‐based H2 production 18.4 kmol/h CO2 emission processing into H2:CO = 2 syngas, with an emphasis on the carbon footprint.
Two three‐electron bonds in two triatomic molecules? The cases of C2O and N2C in their ground states
Authors: Pino‐Rios Ricardo , Denis‐Alpizar Otoniel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe chemical bonding of CO and NC is analyzed in this work through the topological quantum approach using the electronic localization function (ELF) at the CASSCF level and by energetic calculations at the CCSD(T) level using four different basis sets. The results show that the dissociation of the molecules occurs via cleavage of the C‐C bond in the case of CO, while in the case of NC, it occurs via cleavage of the N‐C bond. Furthermore, the results obtained with ELF show monosynaptic basins containing excess electrons and disynaptic basins with a low electron population. This leads us to indicate the existence of three‐center‐two‐electron bonds according to previous results. From the valence bond model, a series of resonance structures have been proposed that support our calculations. In addition, the proposed structures have an ionic nature, indicating a charge shift character.
Coupling MoSe2 with Non‐Stoichiometry Ni0.85Se in Carbon Hollow Nanoflowers for Efficient Electrocatalytic Synergistic Effect on Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Long Yuxin , Li Qiang , Zhang Zidong , Zeng Qingxi , Liu Dong , Zhao Lanling , Liu Yao , Li Yebing , Zhang Yiming , Ji Kunqian , Zhou Zhaorui , Han Xue , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLi‐O2 batteries could deliver ultra‐high theoretical energy density compared to current Li‐ion batteries counterpart. The slow cathode reaction kinetics in Li‐O2 batteries, however, limits their electrocatalytic performance. To this end, MoSe2 and Ni0.85Se nanoflakes were decorated in carbon hollow nanoflowers, which were served as the cathode catalysts for Li‐O2 batteries. The hexagonal Ni0.85Se and MoSe2 show good structural compatibility with the same space group, resulting in a stable heterogeneous structure. The synergistic interaction of the unsaturated atoms and the built‐in electric fields on the heterogeneous structure exposes abundant catalytically active sites, accelerating ion and charge transport and imparting superior electrochemical activity, including high specific capacities and stable cycling performance. More importantly, the lattice distances of the Ni0.85Se (101) plane and MoSe2 (100) plane at the heterogeneous interfaces are highly matched to that of Li2O2 (100) plane, facilitating epitaxial growth of Li2O2, as well as the formation and decomposition of discharge products during the cycles. This strategy of employing nonstoichiometric compounds to build heterojunctions and improve Li‐O2 battery performance is expected to be applied to other energy storage or conversion systems.
Hofmann‐Type Cyanide Bridged Coordination Polymers for Advanced Functional Nanomaterials
Authors: Hegazy Mohamed Barakat Zakaria , Hassan Fathy , Hu Ming 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSince the discovery of Hofmann clathrates of inorganic cyanide bridged coordination polymers (Hofmann‐type CN‐CPs), extensive research is done to understand their behavior during spin transitions caused by guest molecules or external stimuli. Lately, research on their nanoscale architectures for sensors and switching devices is of interest. Their potential is reported for producing advanced functional inorganic materials in two‐dimensional (2D) morphology using a scalable solid‐state thermal treatment method. For instance, but not restricted to, alloys, carbides, chalcogenides, oxides, etc. Simultaneously, their in situ crystallization at graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet surfaces, followed by a subsequent self‐assembly to build layered lamellar structures, is reported providing hybrid materials with a variety of uses. Hence, an overview of the most recent developments is presented here in the synthesis of nanoscale structures, including thin films and powders, using Hofmann‐type CN‐CPs. Also thoroughly demonstrated are the most recent synthetic ideas with the modest control over the size and shape of nanoscale particles. Additionally, in order to create new functional hybrid materials for electrical and energy applications, their thermal decomposition in various environments and hybridization with GO and other guest molecules is examined. This review article also conveyed their spin transition, astounding innovative versatile adhesives, and structure features.