bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population pharmacokinetics of lisinopril in hypertensive children and adolescents with normal to mildly reduced kidney function
Authors: Sandra Louis , Degraeuwe Eva , De Bruyne Pauline , De Baere Siegrid , Croubels Siska , Van Bocxlaer Jan F. P. , Raes Ann , Vande Walle Johan , Gasthuys Elke , Vermeulen An 
Published: October 2023

AimsLisinopril, an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor, is a frequently prescribed antihypertensive drug in the paediatric population, while being used off‐label under the age of 6 years in the USA and for all paediatric patients globally. The SAFEPEDRUG project (IWT‐130033) investigated lisinopril pharmacokinetics in hypertensive paediatric patients corresponding with the day‐to‐day clinical population.MethodsThe dose‐escalation pilot study included 13 children with primary and secondary hypertension who received oral lisinopril once daily in the morning; doses ranged from 0.05 to 0.2 mg kg−1. Patients were aged between 1.9 and 17.9 years (median 13.5 years) and weight ranged between 9.62 and 97.2 kg (median 53.2 kg). All data were analysed using Monolix version 2020R1 (Lixoft, France) and R version 3.6.2.ResultsA 1‐compartment model with first‐order absorption and first‐order elimination optimally describes the data. Parameter estimates of absorption rate constant (0.075 h−1 [0.062, 0.088], typical value [95% confidence interval]), volume of distribution (31.38 L 70 kg−1 [10.5, 52.3]) and elimination clearance (24.2 L h−1 70 kg−1 [19.5, 28.9]) show good predictive ability. Significant covariate effects include total body weight on elimination clearance, and distribution volume and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on elimination clearance. The effects of eGFR on the elimination clearance are optimally described by a linear effect centred around 105 mL min−1 1.73 m−2. The effects of body weight were implemented using fixed allometric exponents centred around an adult weight of 70 kg.ConclusionLisinopril dose and regimen adjustments for paediatric patients should include eGFR on top of weight adjustments. An expanded model characterizing the pharmacodynamic effect is required to identify the optimal dose and dosing regimen.
A randomized clinical trial of a gamified app for the treatment of perfectionism
Authors: Abramovitch Amitai , Uwadiale Akuekegbe , Robinson Anthony 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesPerfectionism is a common transdiagnostic problem that may lead to substantial distress and functional impairments. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for perfectionism. However, the existing significant barriers to access and utilization of mental health services, including among college students, demand the development of low‐intensity accessible interventions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a low‐intensity CBT‐based self‐help gamified app developed specifically for perfectionism in a sample of college students.MethodsParticipants completed assessments of perfectionism, related symptoms, emotional burden and functional impairments at pretreatment, posttreatment and at one‐month follow‐up.ResultsCompared with the waitlist condition (n = 35), the app condition (n = 35) demonstrated a significant and greater reduction in perfectionism, obsessive‐compulsive symptoms, functional impairments and subjective ratings of emotional burden.ConclusionsResults suggest that a brief, daily app‐based game‐like intervention targeting maladaptive perfectionistic beliefs may be a viable, low‐cost alternative to traditional CBT treatments for vulnerable populations on college campuses.
Glucose metabolism in the pathogenic free‐living amoebae: Tempting targets for treatment development
Authors: Milanes Jillian E. , Kwain Samuel , Drawdy Allyson , Dodson Laura , Monaghan Matthew T. , Rice Christopher A. , Dominy Brian N. , Whitehead Daniel C. , Morris James C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPathogenic free‐living amoebae (pFLA) are single‐celled eukaryotes responsible for causing intractable infections with high morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. Current therapeutic approaches include cocktails of antibiotic, antifungal, and antimicrobial compounds. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these can be limited, driving the need for the discovery of new treatments. Pan anti‐amebic agents would be ideal; however, identifying these agents has been a challenge, likely due to the limited evolutionary relatedness of the different pFLA. Here, we discuss the potential of targeting amoebae glucose metabolic pathways as the differences between pFLA and humans suggest specific inhibitors could be developed as leads for new therapeutics.
Process of co‐production of mental health service plans for refugee children in Turkey
Authors: Seyda Eruyar , Merve Yilmaz , Michelle O' Reilly , Panos Vostanis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRefugee children and young people have high levels of unmet mental health needs. A trauma‐informed service transformation framework was applied with 14 professionals in Turkey. Through participatory focus groups, professionals co‐produced service plans and considered enabling and challenging factors for implementation. Data were analysed through a thematic codebook approach. Established themes suggested that implementation should concurrently address societal barriers, agency fragmentation, lack of contextual interventions and sustainability. These led to the development of a Theory of Change. A trauma‐informed and scaled service model of collaborative care can holistically meet refugee children and young people's complex needs, while maximising sparse resources.
Regulatory mechanism of circular RNAs in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Xiao Feng , He Zhi , Wang Siqi , Li Jiamei , Fan Xiaolan , Yan Taiming , Yang Mingyao , Yang Deying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeurodegenerative disease is a collective term for a category of diseases that are caused by neuronal dysfunction, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non‐coding RNAs without the 3′ cap and 5′ poly(A) and are linked by covalent bonds. CircRNAs are highly expressed in brain neurons and can regulate the pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases by affecting the levels of various deposition proteins.AimsThis review is aiming to suggest that the majority of circRNAs influence neurodegenerative pathologies mainly by affecting the abnormal deposition of proteins in neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsWe systematically summarized the pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases and the regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in various types of neurodegenerative diseases.ResultsNeurodegenerative disease main features include intercellular ubiquitin–proteasome system abnormalities, changes in cytoskeletal proteins, and the continuous deposition of insoluble protein fragments and inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm or nucleus, resulting in impairment of the normal physiological processes of the neuronal system. CircRNAs have multiple mechanisms, such as acting as microRNA sponges, binding to proteins, and regulating transcription. CircRNAs, which are highly stable molecules, are expected to be potential biomarkers for the pathological detection of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and PD.ConclusionsIn this review, we describe the regulatory roles and mechanisms of circRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases and aim to employ circRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Was there a ‘consumer revolution’ in the Ottoman Empire?
Authors: Ceylan Pınar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhether the ‘democratization’ of consumption during the early modern period was specifically a characteristic of the European economic shift or observable in other parts of the world remains a central question in understanding the early roots of consumerism, as well as explaining pre‐industrial growth and divergence. However, the scarcity of quantitative evidence from the non‐Western world limits our ability to make comparisons and grasp the nature of changes that occurred in the material environment. Based on a sample of 380 probate inventories from the Ottoman town of Üsküdar, this paper examines the change in possession of domestic goods from 1700 to 1850. It reveals that, from the 1760s onwards, ordinary Ottomans in the town, who were neither wealthier nor better positioned in the social hierarchy compared with their ancestors in 1700, owned a greater quantity and variety of domestic goods. As a result, they enjoyed richer and more elaborate domestic interiors. The findings strongly suggest that democratization of consumer goods, a hallmark of the early modern consumer revolutions in Europe, was experienced in the Ottoman town of Üsküdar during the second half of the eighteenth century.
Microstructure, physical and mechanical properties of dental polychromic multilayer zirconia of uniform composition
Authors: Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Moschovas Dimitrios , Tulyaganov Dilshat U. , Agathopoulos Simeon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to compare the microstructure, physical, and mechanical properties of three commercially available dental polychromatic multilayer zirconia materials of uniform composition: Dima Mill Zirconia ML, VITA YZ/ST Multicolor, and VITA YZ/XT Multicolor (with 3, 4, and 5 mol% Y2O3, respectively); thus, the influence of Y2O3 content on the above properties of the produced materials was experimentally studied. Homogeneous zirconia ceramics with a dense micro‐ and nanostructure, without pores or defects, were produced after milling the blocks and sintering, which resulted in yttrium‐stabilized tetragonal and cubic zirconia. Statistical analysis of the results of measurable magnitudes was performed by the one‐way ANOVA test. The increase of Y2O3 content (from 3 to 5 mol%) favored larger grain and crystallite sizes and a decrease of the values of the mechanical properties; yet, the differences were statistically insignificant. Clinically, these differences are expected to have no impact on their function in the oral cavity, both in terms of their fracture propensity and the damage that can be caused to the opposing teeth. Accordingly, the experimental results qualify the polychromic multilayer zirconia ceramics of uniform composition fabricated by milling technology for use in dental restorations.
A deep learning algorithm to detect cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on frozen sections in Mohs micrographic surgery: A retrospective assessment
Authors: Davis Matthew J. , Srinivasan Gokul , Chacko Rachael , Chen Sophie , Suvarna Anish , Vaickus Louis J. , Torres Veronica C. , Hodge Sassan , Chen Eunice Y. , Preum Sarah , Samkoe Kimberley S. , Christensen Brock C. , LeBoeuf Matthew R. , Levy Joshua J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntraoperative margin analysis is crucial for the successful removal of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC). Artificial intelligence technologies (AI) have previously demonstrated potential for facilitating rapid and complete tumour removal using intraoperative margin assessment for basal cell carcinoma. However, the varied morphologies of cSCC present challenges for AI margin assessment. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the accuracy of an AI algorithm for real‐time histologic margin analysis of cSCC. To do this, a retrospective cohort study was conducted using frozen cSCC section slides. These slides were scanned and annotated, delineating benign tissue structures, inflammation and tumour to develop an AI algorithm for real‐time margin analysis. A convolutional neural network workflow was used to extract histomorphological features predictive of cSCC. This algorithm demonstrated proof of concept for identifying cSCC with high accuracy, highlighting the potential for integration of AI into the surgical workflow. Incorporation of AI algorithms may improve efficiency and completeness of real‐time margin assessment for cSCC removal, particularly in cases of moderately and poorly differentiated tumours/neoplasms. Further algorithmic improvement incorporating surrounding tissue context is necessary to remain sensitive to the unique epidermal landscape of well‐differentiated tumours, and to map tumours to their original anatomical position/orientation.
Technological challenges in production of goat milk products and strategies to overcome them: a review
Authors: Akshit F.N.U. , Deshwal Gaurav Kr , Sharma Heena , Kumar Parveen , Maddipatla Dharani Kumar , Singh Manan Preet , Goksen Gulden 
Published: October 2023

SummaryIn comparison to bovine milk, compositional differences in goat milk such as lower αs1‐casein and higher β‐casein content, small‐sized fat globules, higher mineral content and medium‐chain fatty acids generate difficulties in manufacturing goat milk products. Majorly, soft and fragile gel structure, lower yield, salty taste and goaty flavour result in decreased acceptability of goat milk products. Therefore, the present review discusses the technological challenges in preparation of goat milk‐based products, mainly yogurt and cheeses. Understanding the challenges involved in preparing goat milk products and overcoming them by modifying the processing parameters and product formulations could help to improve the quality of goat milk products. Thermal treatment, admixture with bovine milk, enzymatic modifications, and membrane processing have shown promising results in improving the final quality of goat milk products. This review strengthens the existing knowledge for producing goat milk products with improved textural and sensorial attributes.
Vignettes as a novel research tool in spiritual care: A methods paper
Authors: Grabenweger Reinhard , Völz Daniela , Bumes Elisabeth , Weck Christiane , Best Megan , Paal Piret 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsTo discuss the construction and use of vignettes as a novel approach in spiritual care research and education.DesignMethods paper.MethodsIn this methods paper, the authors introduce the use of vignettes in spiritual care research and provide insight into the construction of vignettes. The vignette presented was part of a study of neurosurgical nurses' attitudes and responses to the spiritual needs of neuro‐oncology patients. The development process, consisting of four steps, is explained in this paper.ResultsUsing a vignette to explore nurses' attitudes towards spiritual care is an innovative way to understand what behaviours nurses consider appropriate in situations where the patient is seeking meaning and connection. Transparent description of the development process is crucial to ensure reproducibility.ConclusionThe use of theoretically constructed and validated vignettes in spiritual care research is new. Vignettes used in surveys have the potential to elicit nurses' responses to patients' search for meaning and connectedness.ImplicationsIn order to investigate nurses' attitudes and behaviours towards patients' spiritual needs, carefully constructed and validated vignettes are valuable research tools.ImpactVignettes have proven to be a valuable research tool in the social and health sciences. So far, their use as a survey instrument in spiritual care research has not been investigated. Therefore, this method paper introduces vignettes as a novel approach to spiritual care research. Our findings contribute to the further development of vignettes in nursing science, as there are similarities with case development and simulation training in nursing education.Reporting MethodReporting guideline is not applicable.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Efficacy and safety of community‐based moxibustion for primary hypertension: A randomized controlled trial with patient preference arms
Authors: Zhou Xu , Xue Qiuyun , You Jianyu , Li Shuqing , Li Ling , Zhu Weifeng , Fu Yong , Sun Xin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMoxibustion has been shown to have a potential antihypertensive effect, but its applicability for the primary care of hypertension is unclear. The authors conducted a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) with patient preference arms to investigate the effect, safety, cost‐effectiveness, and compliance of moxibustion in community patients with hypertension. Patients with primary hypertension were enrolled from seven communities randomly or nonrandomly assigned to receive self‐administered moxibustion + the original hypertensive regimen or the original hypertensive regimen alone for 6 months. The authors mainly evaluated the effects of moxibustion on hypertensive outcomes and adverse events. As a result, a total of 160 and 240 patients were recruited into the randomized and nonrandomized arms, respectively, with 87.5% completing the follow‐up. At month 6, there was a significantly greater reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (difference: −10.57 mmHg), a higher proportion of responders (82.2% vs. 53.7%; odds ratio 4.00), and better improvements in hypertensive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in the moxibustion group than in the control group in the randomized population, but there was no significant between‐group difference in diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The nonrandomized findings showed the same effect direction for all outcomes, except for DBP. All moxibustion‐related adverse events were mild. In conclusion, moxibustion can reduce SBP and improve hypertensive symptoms and QoL in community patients with hypertension, with good safety and low cost, although its effect on DBP remains uncertain. The findings suggest that moxibustion may be an appropriate technique for community primary care of hypertension.
Patients' perspective, quality of life and treatment goals in Hailey–Hailey disease: Lessons learned from the German National Registry
Authors: Rogner D. , Heimerl L. , Heyer S. , Biedermann T. , Sattler E. , Zink A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundHailey–Hailey disease (HHD) remains a difficult‐to‐treat dermatosis and little is known about the patient's perception of the disease activity, the treatment success and its impact on quality‐of‐life (QoL).ObjectiveTo obtain better understanding of HHD patients' needs regarding their medical condition, financial burden, QoL, subjective well‐being and treatment thereof as well as satisfaction to evaluate common treatments' ‘real‐life’ relevance.MethodsWith initiation of the national registry for Darier's disease (DD; Morbus Darier, MD) and Hailey–Hailey disease (HH) MDHHgermany, patients with HHD diagnosis were included starting June 2020. To assess subjective symptoms, patients filled out questionnaires such as the DLQI (dermatological life quality index), numeric rating scale (NRS) for itch, pain and burning sensation, as well as the SWLS (satisfaction with life scale) questionnaire to quantify overall satisfaction in life. Additionally, data on therapies were collected along with the patients’ satisfaction of those and their medical care. Furthermore, patients assessed financial aspects and work ability.ResultsOne hundred and two patients were recruited from dermatology clinics, office‐based dermatologists and self‐help platforms across Germany between June 2020 and February 2023, 90 were eligible and analysed (mean: 49.91 years, 73.33% females, 26.67% males). 39.77% stated according to the DLQI their life is severely/very severely affected. Satisfaction with life was mediocre. Burning sensation was most pronounced among subjective symptoms (NRS 5.85 ± 2.80). Systemic treatments were rated as ineffective according to 56.92%, 25.56% had never received one. Most prescribed systemic treatments were corticosteroids (73.8%), followed by low‐dose naltrexone (LDN) (26.2%), retinoids (15.4%) and antibiotics (13.8%). Satisfaction with medical care was generally low.ConclusionOur ‘real‐life’ data state a major disease burden and impact on the QoL for affected individuals, as well as limited disease control due to inadequate therapies. MDHHgermany can provide insights into improvement of healthcare support with this debilitating disease and improve QoL. In the long term, it aims to provide basis for further clinical trials, epidemiological studies and immunological investigations.
Factors related to motivation, organisational climate and work engagement within the practice environment of nurse practitioners in the Netherlands
Authors: ten Hoeve Yvonne , Drent Gerda , Kastermans Marijke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo explore motivation, organisational climate, work engagement and related factors within the practice environment of nurse practitioners.BackgroundMotivation in the workplace, organisational climate and work engagement are important to motivate nurse practitioners and prevent early exit. However, little is known about related factors.DesignA cross‐sectional design using a digital survey with multiple‐choice and open‐ended questions. Data were collected from 1 November 2019 to 30 March 2020.MethodsThe survey contained demographic and job‐related data, instruments on motivation in the workplace, organisational climate and work engagement. Three open‐ended questions were added to invite respondents to tell about their next career step, (dis)satisfaction with salary and additional comments. Quantitative data were not normally distributed (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). Kruskal Wallis tests and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to test the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Answers on the open‐ended questions were coded and categorised in themes. The STROBE checklist was followed.ResultsIn total 586 questionnaires were completed. The majority of the respondents were female (85%), and their mean age was 47 years (range 26–66 years). Aged 45 or over, more work experience, working in nursing homes, experiencing more autonomy, collaboration with other nurse practitioners, a firmly anchored position, satisfaction with salary and developmental opportunities contributed positively to the practice environment. Answers on the open‐ended questions supported the quantitative results.ConclusionsWork motivation, organisational climate and work engagement are positively related to a large variety of personal and work‐related factors. Therefore, policymakers and professional organisations should be aware of the impact of these influencing factors to enhance an inspiring work environment.Relevance to Clinical PracticeAwareness of factors that influence nurse practitioners' practice environment can be used as a tool to screen and improve the present work environment.
Bertrand under Uncertainty: Private and Common Costs*
Authors: Lagerlöf Johan N. M. 
Published: October 2023

Does asymmetric information about costs in a homogeneous‐good Bertrand model soften competition? Earlier literature has shown that the answer (perhaps counter‐intuitively) is “no,” while assuming (i) private (i.e., independent) cost draws and (ii) no drastic innovations. I first show, in a fairly general setting, that by relaxing (i) and instead allowing for sufficiently much common (interdependent) cost draws, asymmetric information indeed softens competition. I then study a specification that yields a closed‐form solution and show that relaxing (ii) but not (i) does not alter the result in the earlier literature. While relying on specific functional forms, this specification is quite rich and might be useful in applications. It allows for any (positive) degree of interdependence between the cost draws, for any demand elasticity, and for any number of firms. The closed‐form solution is simple and in pure strategies.