bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES IN ACCEPTANCE OF ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS: INSIGHTS FROM OLDER AUSTRALIANS
Authors: Hansen Abigail , Kiely Kim , Attuquayefio Tuki , Hosking Diane , Regan Michael , Eramudugolla Ranmalee , Ross Lesley , Anstey Kaarin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) are in-vehicle technologies that promise to improve driver safety and may help support older drivers to drive safer for longer, however there is little research examining acceptance and use of ADAS among older adults. This study investigated age and gender differences in attitudes to ADAS and use of ADAS. We conducted an online survey of 1330 drivers aged 65 years or older (M=72, SD=6.9, 23% women) in partnership with National Seniors Australia. ADAS use was self-reported, classifying respondents in to users (96%) and non-users (4%). ADAS acceptance was measured by the Partial Automation Acceptance Scale. Linear regression estimated gender and age differences in acceptance. Logistic regression estimated differences in ADAS use by gender, age and acceptance. Older age was associated with higher levels of trust in ADAS (β = 0.032, p = 0.04) and lower perceived ease of use (β = -0.02, p = 0.02). Women were less likely to report ADAS use (β = -0.99, p = 0.008) but had higher levels of trust (β = 0.86, p = 0.001) than men. After adjusting for age and gender, positive attitudes towards ADAS (β = 0.12, p = 0.003) and lower perceived risk (β = 0.22, p = 0.046) were associated with higher levels of ADAS use. Consideration of the gender and age differences may inform future vehicle design, and older drivers may benefit from education on the risks and benefits of ADAS to aid in the acceptance and consequent use of ADAS.
LIVING WITH A ROBOT AT HOME: THE COMPLEXITY OF LIVING WITH ASSISTIVE ROBOTS LABRADOR AND DOUBLE IN EVERYDAY LIFE
Authors: Hung Lillian , Case Donna , Ren Haopu , Velazquez Nathan , Petrovskaya Olga 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The potential for assistive robots to support older adults’ independence and social connections requires careful consideration of their implications in everyday use. This study investigates the use of two assistive robots, Labrador and Double, in older adults, guided by Actor-Network Theory (ANT). Labrador (a delivery robot) assists with medication management, meals, laundry, house cleaning to support independence, while Double (a teleprence robot) enables virtual social visits. ANT offers a way to understand how the robots interact with different actors, such as older adults, family members, staff, and the environment in which they operate. We applied a qualitative approach to explore how users construct meanings, use, and make sense of the robots in their everyday contexts. Semi-structured interviews and ethnographic fieldwork were conducted with participants to generate data. Reflexive thematic analysis was performed, and three themes emerged: (1) the human-robot relationship, (2) the robot’s agency, and (3) ethical implications. The findings suggest that having the robots in everyday life is a process of constant negotiation with the people, practice, and the robot. The study highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of robots to improve quality of life in senior care. While there is a fear that assistive robots will dehumanize caring practices, our study shows that they have the potential to foster innovative user-technology relationships, which requires further research.
PRELIMINARY EFFICACY OF CARFREEME™-DEMENTIA: A DRIVING RETIREMENT PROGRAM FOR FAMILIES IN THE US
Authors: Peterson Colleen , Ingvalson Stephanie N , Birkeland Robyn , Louwagie Katie , Koffski Maya , Gaugler Joseph 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Driving retirement can be a disruptive decision for people with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) and their families. Retiring drivers with AD/ADRD may lose their sense of independence and connection to community. Family members can experience relationship stress convincing persons with dementia to stop driving and feel strained taking on transportation responsibilities. CarFreeMe™-Dementia (CFM™-D) is an individualized psychosocial driving retirement program for families who are planning for, implementing, or adjusting to driving retirement. A small feasibility study of the program in the U.S. indicated that participants found it acceptable and useful for navigating driving retirement. Phase 2 of this study, enrolling 17 care partners, 16 retiring drivers, and 17 dyads, evaluated the preliminary efficacy of CFM™-D to provide emotional support and increase driving retirement readiness. Data from baseline, 3-, and 6-month surveys and an exit semi-structured interview were collected. Interviews confirmed that CFM™-D provided emotional support and practical preparation for driving retirement. Chi-square analyses comparing baseline to 6-month follow-up data showed fewer caregivers reached thresholds for concern on scales of strain (p = .019) and isolation (p = .001). Retiring drivers reported reductions in loneliness at 6-months (p = .017) and improved Assessment of Readiness for Mobility Transition scores at 3- and 6-month follow-ups (p = .003, p = .014, respectively). Findings have informed intervention delivery improvements for a future randomized trial evaluating whether CFM™-D is an efficacious tool for addressing the psychosocial complexities of driving retirement amongst people with AD/ADRD and their family.
CALORIC RESTRICTION AND AGING: FROM CALORIES TO FASTING Times
Authors: de Cabo Rafael 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The caloric content and manipulations of nutrient composition have defined our research focus over decades, leading to the formulation of ideal diets and supplements for every phase of life. In the last few years, the control of meal size, frequency, and timing have become a powerful strategy to ameliorate and postpone disease onset and delay aging. Emerging evidence highlights the importance of prolonged fasting periods for the health and survival benefits of calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) across multiple species. Furthermore, there is new evidence of the potential combinatorial use of these dietary interventions with established therapeutical approaches to enhance outcomes, particularly in anticancer treatments.
A P21-CRE MOUSE MODEL TO MONITOR AND MANIPULATE P21-HIGHLY-EXPRESSING SENESCENT CELLS IN VIVO
Authors: Xu Ming 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The role of senescent cells has been implicated in various tissue dysfunctions associated with aging, obesity and other pathological conditions. We generated a p21-Cre mouse model, containing a p21 promoter-driving inducible Cre, enabling us to examine p21Cip1-highly expressing (p21high) cells, a previously unexplored cell population exhibiting several characteristics typical of senescent cells. By crossing p21-Cre mice with different floxed mice, we managed to monitor, sort, image, eliminate or modulate p21high cells in vivo. We showed that p21high cells can be induced by various conditions, and percentages of p21high cells varied from 1.5% to 10% across different tissues in 23-month-old mice. Intermittent clearance of p21high cells improved physical function in 23-month-old mice. p21-Cre mouse model might be a valuable and powerful tool for studying p21high cells to further understand the biology of senescent cells in aging.
OUTCOMES OF A PILOT PRAGMATIC TRIAL IMPLEMENTING PALLIATIVE CARE IN NURSING HOME CARE
Authors: Carpenter Joan , Hanson Laura , Hodgson Nancy , Jackson Amy , Gurlu Merve , Zhu Shijun , Ersek Mary 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Palliative care that aligns treatments with preferences for people living with serious illness in nursing homes (NHs) can improve quality of life. Given limited access to specialty palliative care in NHs, enhanced primary palliative care is needed. We conducted a pilot pragmatic clinical trial to establish feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of an NH primary palliative care intervention. Nurse practitioners, employed by each intervention site, attended a 5-hour virtual course, one-day intensive workshop, and monthly 1-hour facilitation sessions to enhance palliative care practices. We recruited residents living with serious illness and palliative care needs from 12 NHs in the MidAtlantic US. Using a nonequivalent group design, participants were clustered by site and assigned to intervention or control group in a 2:1 (respectively) ratio. Our primary outcome was the Palliative Outcome Scale Version 2 (POSv2, range 0-40). Of 318 residents screened, 119 met inclusion criteria, and 45 consented for participation (n=35 intervention; n=10 control). Participants (mean age=86) were mostly White (98%), female (76%), and able to make their own decisions (58%). Clinician intervention fidelity and participant acceptability were high. At 21 days, quality of life did not differ between control (POSv2=8.79) and intervention groups (POSv2=10.03; p=0.72). We conclude that an NH primary palliative care intervention is feasible and acceptable; effectiveness to improve quality of life may depend upon the successful implementation of a highly tailored intervention and longer-term follow-up.
PERSONS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA AND MULTIPLE CHRONIC CONDITIONS IDENTIFYING HEALTH PRIORITIES WITH CARE PARTNERS
Authors: Vu Thi , Mroz Emily , Hernandez-Bigos Kizzy , Chow Denise , Samper-Ternent Rafael , Johnson Kalisha Bonds , Tinetti Mary , Monin Joan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Many older persons living with dementia (PLWD) also live with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs). Care partners of PLWD will increasingly need to make care decisions for PLWD, but the health care priorities of PLWD with MCCs may vary. The Patient Priorities Care Health Priorities Identification Process is an evidenced-based tool to support older adults with MCCs to identify and communicate their health priorities. In this pilot study, we adapted this tool to engage care partners of PLWD as active listeners while the PLWD discussed their healthcare goals and priorities. We recruited dyads consisting of a care partner and a care recipient in the early stages of dementia. We assessed feasibility and acceptability of going through the process together through open-ended questions. Two coders used thematic analysis to examine their responses. Five dyads (N=10) participated in the pilot study. The PLWD ranged in age from 70-83 years and had a range of three to eight chronic conditions. Care partners ranged from 39-78 years of age. The PLWD had no issues completing the process with their care partners present and enjoyed having their care partner present. Care partners valued engaging as active listeners and had a better understanding of the PLWD’s health care priorities. Engagement in this process also helped them recognize that the PLWD is proactive in their own health goals. Involving care partners in a healthcare priorities identification process is a valuable, feasible, and acceptable way to prepare care partners to be care proxies.
SINGLE-TIE CORE NETWORKS AMONG OLDER EUROPEANS: A POSITION OF PRECARITY AND LONELINESS?
Authors: Sun Haosen , Lee Jina , Schafer Markus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The problems of late-life social isolation and loneliness prompt significant concern. Individuals who have core personal networks limited to a single connection may be especially susceptible to loneliness, particularly when that connection is no longer available. The present research considers: 1) how prevalent such single-tie networks are and who is most likely to embed in them; 2) whether older adults in single-tie networks are more lonely than people with more expanded network forms; and 3) whether such networks put people at highest of loneliness in the event of network member loss. Using ego-centric network data from Waves 4 (2011) and Wave 6 (2015) of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we conduct lagged dependent variable logistic regressions. Results show that a total of 28.2% of older Europeans rely on a single person as an important personal tie. Among those maintaining a single-tie network, spouses are the most common choice (62.4%), followed by a child (15.2%), a relative (8.5%), and a non-relative (13.8%). Factors significantly associated with holding different types of single-tie networks include age, gender, education, financial pressure, rural residence, participation in social activities, and grandparental roles. Child-only networks are significantly associated with greater levels of loneliness compared to multi-tie networks. Meanwhile, the loss of a partner as the only connection is associated with significantly increased loneliness, even after considering possible network additions. Future research should investigate how to better protect older adults in precarious network settings, especially during network losses.
STABILITY AND CHANGE IN SOCIAL ISOLATION PROFILES OVER TIME AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Sung Pildoo , Chan Angelique 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study examined transitions in social isolation profiles over time and factors associated with them, using longitudinal data from 1,305 older adults in Singapore. While prior studies have investigated social isolation profiles that combine objective measures of social disconnectedness and subjective feelings of loneliness, less is known about the stability and change in these profiles over time. We utilized random-intercept latent transition analysis to identify social isolation profiles and their transition patterns over time. Multivariable regression then examined whether health and sociodemographic characteristics were associated with specific transitions of interest. The empirical analyses yielded three key findings. First, at baseline, about 10% of older adults were “disconnected and lonely,” while 30% were “disconnected but less lonely.” The remaining respondents were “connected and less lonely.” Second, at follow-up, 44% retained their baseline profiles, while 56% transitioned into different profiles. Third, older adults with lower socioeconomic status were more likely to transition from the “connected and less lonely” profiles to the disconnected and less lonely profile. Older adults with declining mental health were more likely to remain in or transition into the “disconnected and lonely” profile. In summary, approximately half of the older Singaporeans were socially disconnected, and one in five of them perceived loneliness occasionally or more often. Socioeconomically disadvantaged older adults were more likely to experience social disconnectedness over time, but this does not necessarily accompany loneliness. Rather, it is declining mental health that leads to both social isolation and loneliness, which calls for tailored interventions.
EFFECTS OF ENGAGEMENT IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BY INFORMAL CAREGIVERS ON THEIR QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: A’Azman Shamirah , Sung Pildoo , Malhotra Rahul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Informal caregivers are more likely to have poorer health and wellbeing than non-caregivers. Studies have shown the health benefits of engagement in physical activity (PA) among caregivers. However, little is known about whether and how caregiver engagement in PA promotes or protects caregiver wellbeing. We examined (1) the association of caregiver engagement in PA with caregiver quality of life (QoL) and (2) the moderating effect of caregiver engagement in PA on the relationship between caregiving stressors and QoL. We used data on 278 care-recipient/caregiver dyads from the baseline interview of a longitudinal study of caregivers of older adults in Singapore. Multivariable regression first examined whether caregiver engagement in PA (assessed by number of days in a week with at least 30 minutes of PA, self-reported) was associated with physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains of QoL. Subsequently, interaction terms between caregiving stressors (care-recipient physical, memory, behavioral, and mood impairments) and caregiver engagement in PA were introduced and tested. We found that caregiver engagement in PA had a positive association with psychological, social, and environmental domains of QoL. Furthermore, caregiver engagement in PA mitigated the negative association between care-recipient mood impairment and caregiver QoL in the physical and social domains. Our findings suggest that QoL of informal caregivers of older adults may be improved or protected by their regular engagement in PA, especially if their care-recipients have mood impairments. Providers serving caregivers should encourage caregivers to engage in PA and equip them with the necessary support to do so.
HIGHER STRESS AMONG ETHNIC MINORITY ADULT-CHILD CAREGIVERS COMPARED TO SPOUSAL CAREGIVERS IN DEMENTIA CARE
Authors: Lee Jung-Ah , Ju Eunae , Kim Julie , Sabino-Laughlin Eilleen , Hong Seunghye 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ethnic minority family caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) suffer from negative health conditions resulting from continuous care responsibility for PWD. While adult-child caregivers have additional family care and job responsibilities, cultural and linguistic needs in ethnic minority families further compound caregiving challenges. Little research examines ethnic minority caregivers’ health statuses. This study aimed to understand the emotional health status and dementia care experiences of minority caregivers, between spouses and adult-children. The study collected cross-sectional survey data on perceived stress and utilizations of caregiving resources: Alzheimer’s agencies, state-funded in-home supportive service, adult-day service, support groups, and caregiving education. Recruitment focused on diverse communities with special emphasis on minority caregivers who speak Spanish, Vietnamese, or Korean in California. Seventy-six caregivers participated in surveys in their respective language; 42% Korean, 38% Vietnamese, 20% Spanish; 49% spouses/partners vs 51% adult-children/grandchildren; 78% females; 55% PWD with Medicaid; Mean English Proficiency (EP) of 3/5(1.3). Sixty-four percent of adult-child caregivers were employed (full-time or part-time) compared to 5% of spousal caregivers (P&lt;.05). Adult-child caregivers showed higher stress compared to spousal caregivers (P&lt;.05) despite no differences in PWD’s activities of daily living (ADL) scores and instrumental ADL scores. Although EP of adult-child caregivers was higher than spousal caregivers (P&lt;.05), both caregivers underutilized care resources and showed little awareness of Alzheimer’s agencies. Findings demonstrated higher caregiving stress of adult-child caregivers compared to spousal caregivers of PWD among minority groups. Tailored interventions with appropriate language and cultural aspects should consider the caregiver’s relationship to the PWD.
RURAL–URBAN DIFFERENCES IN INFORMAL CAREGIVER RESOURCES, CAREGIVING INTENSITY, AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Cohen Steven , Ahmed Neelam , Greaney Mary 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rural-urban health disparities are pervasive among older adults and their caregivers. Rural areas in the US have a disproportionately high population of older adults, have reduced access to services, and are more reliant on family and friends for care. Research examining rural-urban disparities for informal caregivers is limited. There is a critical need to understand how caregiving intensity, access to resources, and caregiver health-related quality of life (HRQoL) differ by rural-urban status. Study objectives were to explore rural-urban differences in caregiving resources, intensity, and HRQoL. Data were abstracted from Waves 1 and 5 of the National Study of Caregiving. Rural-urban status was based on Rural Urban Continuum Codes. Generalized linear models, accounting for complex sampling, were used to explore associations between rural-urban status and caregiver resource utilization, caregiving intensity, and HRQoL. Compared to urban caregivers, rural caregivers were significantly more likely to be female (OR 1.19, 95%CI 1.12-1.26), older (beta=1.13 years, 95%CI 0.70-1.55), have obesity (OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.17-1.32), report poor/fair health (OR 1.08, 95%CI 1.01-1.16), and higher numbers of comorbidities (beta=0.18, 95%CI 0.13-0.22). Compared to urban caregivers, rural caregivers were significantly less likely to attend support groups (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.46-0.65), but more likely to have caregiver training (OR 1.46, 95%CI 1.33-1.62). They assisted with fewer instrumental activities of daily living (beta=0.54, 95%CI 0.44-0.65), although there was not a significant difference for activities of daily living. Findings can facilitate the translation and adaption of policies, programs, and interventions to support and address the unique needs of rural caregivers.
UNPAID CAREGIVERS’ PROCESS OF COLLABORATING DURING OLDER ADULT HOSPITAL TO HOME TRANSITIONS
Authors: Liebzeit Daniel , Geiger Olivia , Jaboob Saida , Bjornson Samantha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Unpaid/family caregivers often provide support critical to older adult hospital to home transitions, but commonly lack time and preparation for their role. There is limited evidence regarding important collaboration and resources for caregivers during the transition. The objective of this grounded theory study was to examine caregivers’ process of collaborating with others during older adult hospital to home transitions. Interviews were conducted with unpaid caregivers of adults aged 60 and older and recently discharged from a medical/surgical unit at a large Midwestern teaching hospital, were audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. Caregiver participants (N = 16) included spouses (n = 8), friends (n = 4), children (n = 3), and siblings (n = 1) of an older adult transitioning from hospital to home, were mostly female (n=14), and all were white, non-Hispanic. A conceptual model was developed which illustrates participants’ process of collaborating with a caregiving team, providers, networks, and other resources to support themselves and their older person. The process began with the participants taking on and identifying their role, and ultimately led to either supporting their older person’s progress towards independence or providing long-term caregiver support. Conditions, including finances, caregiver health, expectations, proximity, and availability, impacted the collaborative process. Consequences varied based on participants’ approach to caregiving, such a team versus individual approach. Implications include opportunities to promote active engagement of caregivers in the transition process and facilitation of a team-based approach to supporting the older person and caregivers.