bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clay larvae do not accurately measure biogeographic patterns in predation
Authors: Rodriguez‐Campbell Antonio , Rahn Olivia , Chiuffo Mariana C. , Hargreaves Anna L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimSpatial variation in predation can shape geographic patterns in ecology and evolution, but testing how predation varies across ecosystems is challenging as differing species compositions and defensive adaptations can mask underlying patterns. Recently, biogeography has borrowed a tool from ecology: clay prey models. But clay models have not been adequately tested for geographic comparisons, and a well‐known problem –that clay prey only appeal to a subset of potential predators– could bias detected geographic patterns whenever the relative importance of predator guilds varies among sites. Here, we test whether clay larvae accurately capture geographic differences in predation on real larvae.Location90° of latitude and >2000 m elevation across the Americas.TaxonVertebrate and invertebrate predation on ‘superworms’ (Zophobas larvae).MethodsAcross six sites that vary dramatically in latitude, elevation, and biome, we quantified predation on live, dead, and clay larvae. We physically excluded vertebrate predators from some larvae to distinguish total predation and invertebrate‐only predation.ResultsPredation on live superworms almost doubled from our high‐elevation high‐latitude site to our low‐elevation tropical site. Geographic patterns were consistent among live and dead larvae, but clay larvae missed extremely high predation at some sites and therefore mis‐measured true geographic patterns. Clay larvae did a particularly bad job at capturing geographic patterns in predation by invertebrates, although sample sizes for invertebrate predation were small.Main ConclusionsClay larvae are inappropriate for comparing predation rates across sites. They should be abandoned for biogeographic studies and reserved for comparisons within, rather than across, predator communities.
Bottom‐up dynamics in circular innovation systems: The perspective of circular start‐ups
Authors: Henry Marvin , Kirchherr Julian , Raven Rob , Hekkert Marko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe concept of circular economy (CE) is proposed to lead humanity toward a sustainable future. Public authorities increasingly build on CE narratives. The progress of private sector actors is key to enable more circular resource flows. Still, the world falls far short from becoming circular and large‐scale implementation of CE in actual problem–solution spaces is scarce. This study sheds light into the external strategies of circular start‐ups (CSUs) in building an adequate socio‐institutional embedding for circular business models (CBMs) and puts the findings in the context of CE and sustainability transformations research. CSUs are a distinct group of CE‐oriented actors that build and implement CBMs wholistically and from scratch. Thereby, they can directly and indirectly contribute to the creation of circular innovation systems. This study defines the common CE mission of CSUs, sets it in context of respective socio‐political CE missions, and scrutinizes the roles that CSUs adopt to drive systemic CE implementation. We observe that CSUs’ strategic interventions go further than only novelty creation. This article proposes and elaborates on four roles that CSUs adopt:conveners,reinforcers,pioneers, andchampions. The roles differ according to the CSU business models, stakeholders, the institutional elements that are addressed, as well as the directionalities that CSUs set. The findings are discussed considering the governance, policies, and strategic management of various directionalities in which CE innovation develops. It sheds light on inadequacies and limitations for bottom‐up CE innovation in existing norms and cognition, policy, and network governance.
Phenotyping Down syndrome: discovery and predictive modelling with electronic medical records
Authors: Nguyen T. Q. , Kerley C. I. , Key A. P. , Maxwell‐Horn A. C. , Wells Q. S. , Neul J. L. , Cutting L. E. , Landman B. A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with Down syndrome (DS) have a heightened risk for various co‐occurring health conditions, including congenital heart disease (CHD). In this two‐part study, electronic medical records (EMRs) were leveraged to examine co‐occurring health conditions among individuals with DS (Study 1) and to investigate health conditions linked to surgical intervention among DS cases with CHD (Study 2).MethodsDe‐identified EMRs were acquired from Vanderbilt University Medical Center and facilitated creating a cohort of N = 2282 DS cases (55% females), along with comparison groups for each study. In Study 1, DS cases were one‐by‐two sex and age matched with samples of case–controls and of individuals with other intellectual and developmental difficulties (IDDs). The phenome‐disease association study (PheDAS) strategy was employed to reveal co‐occurring health conditions in DS versus comparison groups, which were then ranked for how often they are discussed in relation to DS using the PubMed database and Novelty Finding Index. In Study 2, a subset of DS individuals with CHD [N = 1098 (48%)] were identified to create longitudinal data for N = 204 cases with surgical intervention (19%) versus 204 case–controls. Data were included in predictive models and assessed which model‐based health conditions, when more prevalent, would increase the likelihood of surgical intervention.ResultsIn Study 1, relative to case–controls and those with other IDDs, co‐occurring health conditions among individuals with DS were confirmed to include heart failure, pulmonary heart disease, atrioventricular block, heart transplant/surgery and primary pulmonary hypertension (circulatory); hypothyroidism (endocrine/metabolic); and speech and language disorder and Alzheimer's disease (neurological/mental). Findings also revealed more versus less prevalent co‐occurring health conditions in individuals with DS when comparing with those with other IDDs. Findings with high Novelty Finding Index were abnormal electrocardiogram, non‐rheumatic aortic valve disorders and heart failure (circulatory); acid–base balance disorder (endocrine/metabolism); and abnormal blood chemistry (symptoms). In Study 2, the predictive models revealed that among individuals with DS and CHD, presence of health conditions such as congestive heart failure (circulatory), valvular heart disease and cardiac shunt (congenital), and pleural effusion and pulmonary collapse (respiratory) were associated with increased likelihood of surgical intervention.ConclusionsResearch efforts using EMRs and rigorous statistical methods could shed light on the complexity in health profile among individuals with DS and other IDDs and motivate precision‐care development.
The potential use of daphnia meal as substitute for fishmeal in diets of hybrid red tilapia affects growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, antioxidant, immune status and intestinal histological parameters
Authors: Abo‐Taleb Hamdy A. , Mabrouk Mohamed M. , El‐Tabakh Mohamed A. M. , Abdelzaher Othman F. , Nabeeh Ahmed , Elokaby Mohamed A. , Ashour Mohamed , Sallam Ahmed E. , Mansour Abdallah T. , El‐feky Mohamed M. M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe current study aimed to evaluate growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant status, nonspecific immune response and intestinal histological status of red tilapia fed Daphnia meal (DM) as a substitute for fishmeal (FM). Hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis aureus) fry (0.54 ± 0.05 g fish−1) was allocated in nylon haba cages (100 fry m−3) for 2 weeks as an acclimation period. The fish were divided into five groups (three replicates each). The experimental diets were prepared by replacing FM with DM at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively. The results indicated that fish fed increasing levels of DM (50%–75%) experienced high growth performance, feed utilisation and protein content. The activities of digestive enzymes were significantly increased in all groups fed DM diets compared to the control. The antioxidant balance was improved by decreasing the level of malondialdehyde and increased the total antioxidant capacity, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities in the liver of fish fed DM. The nonspecific immune response, including lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase activities and total protein level improved significantly with increasing FM substitution levels by DM in a dose‐dependent manner. Histometric analysis of the intestinal wall revealed an increase in the villus length, crypts depth and goblet cells number in groups fed DM meal up to 50% substitution level compared to other treatments. It may be concluded from results of this feeding trial that in the aquaculture of hybrid tilapia, FM may be substituted with up to 50% DM without compromising intestinal health, growth performance and immune status of the fish.
Assembling an illustrated family‐level tree of life for exploration in mobile devices
Authors: Del Risco Andrés A. , Chacón Diego A. , Ángel Lucia , García David A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSince the concept of the tree of life was introduced about 150 years ago, a considerable fraction of the scientific community has focused its efforts on its reconstruction, with remarkable progress during the last two decades with the advent of DNA sequences. However, the assemblage of a comprehensive and explorable tree of life has been a difficult task to achieve due to two main obstacles: (i) information is scattered into several individual sources and (ii) practical visualization tools for exploring large trees are needed. To overcome both challenges, we aimed to synthesize a family‐level tree of life by compiling over 1400 published phylogenetic studies, choosing the source trees that represent the best phylogenetic hypotheses to date based on a set of objective criteria. Moreover, we dated the tree by employing over 550 secondary calibrations using publicly available sequences for more than 5000 taxa and by incorporating age ranges from the fossil record for over 2800 taxa. Additionally, we developed a mobile app for smartphones to facilitate the visualization and exploration of the resulting tree. Interactive features include exploration by the zooming and panning gestures of touch screens, collapsing branches, visualizing specific clades as subtrees, a search engine, and a timescale to determine extinction and divergence dates, among others. Small illustrations of organisms are displayed at the terminals to better visualize the morphological diversity of life. Our assembled tree currently includes over 7000 families, and its content will be expanded through regular updates to cover all life on earth at the family level.
Respect for others' risk attitudes and the long‐run future
Authors: Mogensen Andreas L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhen our choice affects some other person and the outcome is unknown, it has been argued that we should defer to their risk attitude, if known, or else default to use of a risk‐avoidant risk function. This, in turn, has been claimed to require the use of a risk‐avoidant risk function when making decisions that primarily affect future people, and to decrease the desirability of efforts to prevent human extinction, owing to the significant risks associated with continued human survival. I raise objections to the claim that respect for others' risk attitudes requires risk‐avoidance when choosing for future generations. In particular, I argue that there is no known principle of interpersonal aggregation that yields acceptable results in variable population contexts and is consistent with a plausible ideal of respect for others' risk attitudes in fixed population cases.
Speciation in the Iranian plateau: Molecular phylogeny and evolutionary history of the Persian long‐tailed desert lizard
Authors: Boroumand Hamid , Saberi‐Pirooz Reihaneh , Bafti Soheila Shafiei , Böhme Wolfgang , Ahmadzadeh Faraham 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMesalina watsonana is a well‐known species of small lacertid lizards with an extensive species distribution that exhibits high genetic diversity. The species has a wide distribution range in Iran, some parts of Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northwest India. This study aims to generate phylogenetic and phylogeographic evidence to derive taxonomic recommendations supporting. Furthermore, this species can be used as a model for examining Iranian Platuea's historical biogeography. We conducted a very detailed sampling of its distribution and used genetic approaches. Phylogenetic analyses were done implementing two mitochondrial (Cytb and 16S) and one nuclear (C‐mos) gene fragments. Combination of these results indicated that seven well‐supported distinct clades exist within this species complex, i.e. Kerman clade, Esfarayen clade, Halil clade, Ardestan clade, M. watsonana clade, Bardaskan Clade, and Khuzestan Clade in Iran. Also, our results revealed that several distinct clades diverged due to geologic events when the Dasht‐e‐Kavir and the Zagros Mountains were formed. It seems that the ancestor of M. watsonana spread to Iranian Plateau before the formation of the Zagros Mountains. Orogenic activities of the Zagros Mountains and the formation of deserts have influenced the separation of these lineages from the Late Miocene by allopatric speciation. Generally, our findings suggest that each of the seven clades corresponding to distinct geographic regions deserves to be elevated to the species level.
Objetos domésticos, piel re-negra: entre la mirada colonial y la herejía en la obra de Liliana Angulo
Authors: Pineda Repizo Fabrizio 
Published: February 2024

Este artículo presenta una reflexión en torno a la relación entre la obra de la artista Liliana Angulo y la crítica a la mirada colonial como vector configurador de la subjetividad en Latinoamérica. El recurso de Angulo de hacer visible la relación entre objetos domésticos y “negrita” da cuenta de la intersección entre género y raza en los prejuicios culturales de la sociedad colombiana y la mirada colonial heredada con la que se establece la jerarquía de clasificación de los cuerpos en esta. Para explorar esta relación y su posible resistencia expresada desde el arte, se desarrollarán tres análisis. Primero, la disposición del cuerpo femenino afrodescendiente en correlación con objetos domésticos que signan una jerarquía de dominación generizada y racializada encuentra resonancia en las maneras en que se ha forjado el sujeto colonial tanto en la circulación de un mimetismo como en la posibilidad de invertir los códigos del orden unívoco de la colonialidad y sus efectos en la gradiente del género y la raza. Segundo, en efecto, en la manera en que las mujeres de las imágenes de Angulo performan la relación con los objetos y articulan formas de expresión se puede plantear una potencia de expresión hereje que confronta estos códigos. Finalmente, la herejía, y el sujeto hereje, expresado en esa relación entre cuerpo y objetos en la obra de Angulo, pueden ser proyectados
como una línea estética del arte colombiano.
Clima escolar y funcionalidad familiar como factores asociados a la intimidación escolar en Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Moratto Váquez Nadia Semenova 
Published: February 2024

Objetivo.
Determinar la relación entre clima escolar, funcionalidad familiar e intimidación escolar en
estudiantes de Antioquia (Colombia).
Método.
Se encuestaron 2421 estudiantes, con edades comprendidas
entre los 9 y los 18 años, que asistían a instituciones educativas en las nueve subregiones del departamento.
Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la Escala de Clima Escolar, APGAR familiar y CIE-A abreviada.
Resultados.
Los análisis multivariados y de regresión logística binomial encontraron que en los estudiantes antioqueños
que reportaron un clima escolar inadecuado tienen una probabilidad de riesgo de presentar alta intimidación
escolar cuatro veces mayor, mientras que la probabilidad de riesgo medio de intimidación es tres veces mayor,
frente a los jóvenes que reportaron una percepción de un clima escolar adecuado. A su vez, el reporte de
disfunción familiar indicó asociación con un clima escolar inadecuado.
Conclusión.
Se evidenció no solo una
estrecha vinculación entre la percepción de un clima escolar inadecuado y la aparición de la intimidación
escolar en este contexto, sino que la funcionalidad familiar es la base fundamental para resolver las di
fi
cultades
que en el día a día se presentan en el ambiente escolar.
Efectos del juego grupal en el desarrollo psicológico de un niño con síndrome de Down
Authors: González Moreno Claudia Ximena , Solovieva Yulia 
Published: February 2024

Objetivo.
Evaluar los efectos de una intervención basada en el juego grupal en el desarrollo psicológico de un
niño de siete años con síndrome de Down.
Método.
El programa fue diseñado a partir de las propuestas de la
concepción histórico-cultural de la actividad de juego y el desarrollo psicológico, bajo un diseño metodológico
de pretest y postest, con comparaciones intra e intersujeto.
Resultados.
El análisis mostró que el juego grupal
fomenta el desarrollo positivo de la comunicación, la interacción social, la expresión de las emociones, la
actividad voluntaria, la actividad objetal y la función simbólica del niño del caso experimental. El niño del
caso control no mostró los mismos resultados en la evaluación postest.
Conclusión.
Se discute la utilidad de la
aplicación del juego de roles en grupos de niños con retraso del desarrollo, en la que se tenga en cuenta el tipo
de actividad predominante y el nivel de desarrollo psicológico para asegurar que los niños con esta condición
médica se bene
fi
cien de la intervención.
El racismo del cuerpo: procesos psicosociológicos de discriminación escolar
Authors: Kaplan Carina Viviana , Szapu Ezequiel 
Published: February 2024

Objetivo.
Reflexionar en torno a los resultados de un estudio socioeducativo, el cual tenía el propósito de
comprender la construcción social de los cuerpos y las emociones de los estudiantes y sus relaciones con
la producción de las violencias. Esto, teniendo en cuenta que la convivencia se enmarca en un entramado
de vínculos sociales, cuya matriz emocional se codifica y decodifica a través de los cuerpos.
Método.
Se
empleó la entrevista en profundidad por medio de una guía semiestructurada. Para el análisis de datos se
empleó un procedimiento inductivo-deductivo.
Resultados.
El análisis de los testimonios brindados por
jóvenes atravesados por condiciones materiales y simbólicas de marginalidad urbana, permitió interpretar
ciertos rasgos corporales que funcionan como signos de humillación y autohumillación, particularmente la
piel. El racismo del cuerpo se expresa en los modos de la interacción escolar, en la que unos grupos se creen
superiores y subsumen a los otros a quienes consideran de menor valía social.
Conclusión.
Ante el sentimiento
de exclusión y negación de la subjetividad se pueden desencadenar ciertos comportamientos asociados con
la violencia hacia los otros, o bien generar prácticas de autodestrucción. La piel es depositaria de este dolor
social que puede traducirse en autoagresiones corporales.
Estimating the joint association of adverse childhood experiences and asthma with subsequent depressive symptoms: a marginal structural modelling approach
Authors: Takemura Yuta , Sato Koryu , Liang Richard , Isobe Masanori , Kondo Naoki , Inoue Kosuke 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundThe relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and depression risk has been well documented. However, it remains unclear whether stress-related chronic conditions associated with ACEs, such as asthma, increase the long-term mental health burden of ACEs.ObjectiveTo investigate the joint association of ACEs and asthma with subsequent depressive symptoms among US adults.MethodsThis study used data from the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System 2010, including 21 544 participants over 18 years old from four states where participants were questioned about ACEs. We used logistic regression models to calculate the adjusted OR (aOR) for elevated depressive symptoms evaluated by Patient Health Questionnaire-8 according to ACEs and asthma, along with marginal structural models (MSM) to consider ACE-related confounders between asthma and depression. We evaluated the additive interaction between ACEs and asthma on depressive symptoms with the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).FindingsOf the 21 544 participants (mean age: 56, women: 59.5%), 52.3% reported ≥1 ACEs, 14.9% reported a history of asthma and 4.0% had depressive symptoms. ACEs and asthma were independently associated with elevated depressive symptoms (aORs (95% CI) were 2.85 (2.30 to 3.55) and 2.24 (1.50 to 3.27), respectively). Furthermore, our MSM revealed an additive interaction between ACEs and asthma for depressive symptoms (RERI (95% CI)=+1.63 (0.54 to 2.71)).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that asthma amplifies the risk of depressive symptoms associated with ACEs.Clinical implicationsPrevention and treatment of asthma, along with establishing preventive environments and services against ACEs, are effective in mitigating the potential burden of ACEs on mental health.
First exploration of the on-treatment changes in tumor and organ uptake of a radiolabeled anti PD-L1 antibody during chemoradiotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer using whole body PET
Authors: Pouw Johanna E E , Hashemi Sayed M S , Huisman Marc C , Wijngaarden Jessica E , Slebe Maarten , Oprea-Lager Daniela E , Zwezerijnen Gerben J C , Vugts Danielle , Ulas Ezgi B , de Gruijl Tanja D , Radonic Teodora , Senan Suresh , Menke-van der Houven van Oordt C Willemien , Bahce Idris 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundIn patients with locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), durvalumab, an anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody, has shown improved overall survival when used as consolidation therapy following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). However, it is unclear whether CRT itself upregulates PD-L1 expression. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the changes in the uptake of the anti PD-L1 antibody [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab in tumors and healthy organs during CRT in patients with NSCLC.MethodsPatients with NSCLC scheduled to undergo CRT were scanned 7±1 days after administration of 37±1 MBq [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab at baseline, 1-week on-treatment and 1 week after finishing 6 weeks of CRT. First, [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab uptake was visually assessed in a low dose cohort with a mass dose of 2 mg durvalumab (0.13% of therapeutic dose) and subsequently, quantification was done in a high dose cohort with a mass dose of 22.5 mg durvalumab (1.5% of therapeutic dose). Tracer pharmacokinetics between injections were compared using venous blood samples drawn in the 22.5 mg cohort. Visual assessment included suspected lesion detectability. Positron emission tomography (PET) uptake in tumoral and healthy tissues was quantified using tumor to plasma ratio (TPR) and organ to plasma ratio, respectively.ResultsIn the 2 mg dose cohort, 88% of the 17 identified tumor lesions were positive at baseline, compared with 69% (9/13) for the 22.5 mg cohort. Although the absolute plasma concentrations between patients varied, the intrapatient variability was low. The ten quantitatively assessed lesions in the 22.5 mg cohort had a median TPR at baseline of 1.3 (IQR 0.7–1.5), on-treatment of 1.0 (IQR 0.7–1.4) and at the end of treatment of 0.7 (IQR 0.6–0.7). On-treatment, an increased uptake in bone marrow was seen in three out of five patients together with a decreased uptake in the spleen in four out of five patients.ConclusionsThis study successfully imaged patients with NSCLC with [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab PET before and during CRT. Our data did not show any increase in [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab uptake in the tumor 1-week on-treatment and at the end of treatment. The changes observed in bone marrow and spleen may be due to an CRT-induced effect on immune cells.Trial registration numberEudraCT number: 2019-004284-51