bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrete phase space-continuous time relativistic Klein–Gordon and Dirac equations, and a new non-singular Yukawa potential
Authors: Das Anadijiban , Chatterjee Rupak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with the second quantization of interacting relativistic Fermionic and Bosonic fields in the arena of discrete phase space and continuous time. The mathematical formulation involves partial difference equations. The corresponding Feynman diagrams and a new $$S^{\#}$$

S
#

-matrix theory is developed. In the special case of proton-proton Møller scattering via an exchange of a neutral meson, the explicit second order element $$\langle f | S^{\#}_{(2)} |i \rangle $$

⟨
f
|

S

(
2
)

#

|
i
⟩

is deduced. In the approximation of very low external three-momenta, a new Yukawa potential is explicitly derived from $$\langle f | S^{\#}_{(2)} |i \rangle $$

⟨
f
|

S

(
2
)

#

|
i
⟩

. Moreover, it is rigorously proved that this new Yukawa potential is divergence-free. The mass parameter of the exchanged meson may be set to zero to obtain a type of scalar Boson exchange between hypothetical Fermions. This provides a limiting case of a new Coulomb type potential directly from the new singularity free Yukawa potential. A divergence-free Coulomb potential between two Fermions at two discrete points is shown to be proportional to the Euler beta function. Within this relativistic discrete phase space continuous time, a single quanta is shown to occupy the hyper-tori $$S^{1}_{n^1} \times S^{1}_{n^3} \times S^{1}_{n^3}$$

S

n
1

1

×

S

n
3

1

×

S

n
3

1

where $$S^{1}_{n}$$

S
n
1

is a circle of radius $$\sqrt{2n+1}$$

2
n
+
1

.
Loading of green-synthesized cu nanoparticles on Ag complex containing 1,3,5-triazine Schiff base with enhanced antimicrobial activities
Authors: Pormohammad Elham , Ghamari kargar Pouya , Bagherzade Ghodsieh , Beyzaei Hamid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe physicochemical properties of materials change significantly in nanometer dimensions. Therefore, several methods have been proposed for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Plant extracts and essential oils are applied as natural and economic resources to prepare nanomaterials especially metal nanoparticles. In this project, a green, simple and efficient method has been designed for the synthesis of Cu nanoparticles using Purple cabbage extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. They were successfully loaded onto a new Ag complex containing 1,3,5-triazine Schiff base as ligand to form Cu@Ag-CPX nanocomposite. Phytochemical contents of extract were identified by standard qualitative analyses. The chemical structure of all synthesized compounds was characterized using spectral data. In FT-IR, coordination of C=N bond of Schiff base ligand to Ag+ ions shifted the absorption band from 1641 to 1632 cm−1. The UV–Vis spectrum of Cu@Ag-CPX nanocomposite shown the peak related to Cu nanoparticles in the region of around 251 nm. 5:7 molar ratio of Cu to Ag in Cu@Ag-CPX was determined using ICP-OES. The FESEM, TEM, and DLS techniques provided valuable insights into the morphology and size distribution of the nanocomposite, revealing the presence of rods and monodispersed particles with specific diameter ranges. These analyses of the nanocomposite displayed rods with diameters from 40 to 62 nm as well as monodispersed and uniform particles with average diameter of 45 nm, respectively. The presence of elements including carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, Cu and Ag was proved by EDX-EDS analysis. The XRD pattern of Cu@Ag-CPX shown the diffraction peaks of Cu and Ag particles at 2θ values of 10°–80°, and confirmed its crystalline nature. The inhibitory properties of the synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro against four Gram-negative and two Gram-positive bacteria, as well as two fungal strains. The MIC, MBC and MFC values obtained from microdilution and streak plate sensitivity tests were ranged from 128 to 4096 µg ml−1. While Cu nanoparticles and Ag complexes were effective against some pathogens, they were not effective against all them. However, the growth of all tested microbial strains was inhibited by Cu@Ag-CPX nanocomposite, and makes it as a new promising antimicrobial agent. Modification of nanocomposite in terms of nanoparticle and complex can improve its blocking activities.
Mindsets and self-efficacy beliefs among individuals with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lo Carolyn J. , Lee Leonard , Yu Weichang , Tai E Shyong , Yew Tong Wei , Ding Isabel L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGrowth mindsets and self-efficacy beliefs have been known to predict and promote resilience, challenge seeking, and improved outcomes in areas such as education and intelligence. However, little is known about the role of these two potentially influential beliefs in the context of type 2 diabetes (T2D), specifically in terms of whether and in which domains (i.e., beliefs toward general life, general health, or condition-specific domains) these beliefs—or lack thereof—is prevalent among individuals with T2D. Given the lifelong challenges that individuals with diabetes often encounter with managing their disease, many may slip into a conceding negative belief that their diabetes is “too difficult to control” or simply “out of their hands,” inhibiting proactive self-management efforts. Results from our study (n = 893) revealed that individuals with T2D had a significantly lower growth mindset towards their blood glucose level and lower self-efficacy towards their general health, blood glucose, and cholesterol levels compared to those without T2D. Among participants with T2D, further analyses showed a pattern of higher HbA1c among those with lower growth mindsets and self-efficacy toward their general health or blood glucose level. These findings identify the belief-domains that may pose barriers to necessary self-care behaviors, informing future interventions to promote improved diabetes care and management.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal that ABA increases the salt tolerance of rice significantly correlated with jasmonic acid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis
Authors: Han Chunning , Chen Guanjie , Zheng Dianfeng , Feng Naijie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) has been shown to mitigate the deleterious effects of abiotic stresses and to regulate plant growth and development. Salinity is one of the important abiotic stresses affecting plant cell metabolism and physiology, which causes serious damages to crops. In this study, we investigated the protective role of exogenous ABA on leaves in response to salinity stress using rice seedlings (two leaf-one heart) subjected to three treatments: ZCK (control), ZS (50 mM NaCl), and ZSA (5 mg L–1 ABA + 50 mM NaCl). We carried out transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to identify the molecular mechanisms by which ABA protects plants against salt stress. Results showed that 1159 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (916 up-regulated, 243 down-regulated) and 63 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) (42 up-regulated, 21 down-regulated) were identified between the ZS and ZSA treatments, respectively. In addition, ABA pretreatment regulated the expression pattern of genes responsible for oxidation redox, starch and sucrose metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that 16 DEGs and 2 DAMs were involved in Flavonoid biosynthesis and 8 DEGs and 2 DAMs were involved alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism which are responsible for salinity stress tolerance through induced by exogenous ABA. Overall, ABA could enhance rice leaves growth and development mainly by regulating flavonoid biosynthesis and linoleic acid metabolism pathway.
Association of C-reactive protein with mortality in Covid-19 patients: a secondary analysis of a cohort study
Authors: Li Fei , He Mingjun , Zhou Mingchao , Lai Yuyao , Zhu Yongjie , Liu Ziji , Wang Yulong , Wang Yao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOur study aimed to explore the association between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and COVID‐19 mortality. This is a retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to 4 hospitals within the Montefiore Health System between March 1 and April 16, 2020, with SARS-CoV-2 infection. All-cause mortality were collected in 7 May 2020. The mortality risk was estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Of the 3545 patients with a median age of 63.7 years, 918 (25.9%) died within the time of cohort data collection after admission. When the CRP was < 15.6 mg/L, the mortality rate increased with an adjusted HR of 1.57 (95% CI 1.30–1.91, P < 0.0001) for every 10 mg/L increment in the CRP. When the CRP was ≥ 15.6 mg/L, the mortality rate increased with an adjusted HR of 1.11 (95% CI 0.99–1.24, P = 0.0819) for every 10 mg/L increment in the CRP. For patients with COVID‐19, the association between the CRP and the mortality risk was curve and had a saturation effect. When the CRP was small, the mortality rate increased significantly with the increase of CRP. When CRP > 15.6 mg/L, with the increase of CRP, the mortality rate increases relatively flat.
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes coordinate changes in the expression of metabolic genes with developmental progression
Authors: Bordet Guillaume , Bamgbose Gbolahan , Tulin Alexei V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetabolism, known to be temporally regulated to meet evolving energy demands, plays a crucial role in shaping developmental pace. Recent studies have demonstrated that two key proteins PARP1 and PARG play a regulatory role in the transcription of both morphogenic and metabolic genes. Intriguingly, in Drosophila, the depletion of PARP1 or PARG proteins causes a developmental arrest before pupation, resulting in individuals unable to complete their development. This phenotype highlights the critical involvement of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes in regulating the metamorphic process. In this study, we provide compelling evidence that these enzymes intricately coordinate transcriptional changes in both developmental and metabolic pathways during metamorphosis. Specifically, they promote the expression of genes crucial for pupation, while simultaneously negatively regulating the expression of metabolic genes before the transition to the pupal stage. Additionally, these enzymes suppress the expression of genes that are no longer required during this transformative period. Our findings shed light on the intricate interplay between poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes, developmental processes, and metabolic regulation before metamorphosis and highlight a new role of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes in the global regulation of transcription.
Three-dimensional mapping of pipelines using laser ranging and a gyroscope
Authors: Cui Songtao , Liang Jie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConventional underground gas pipeline equipment can only map straight pipelines at close distances. As such, a dual-robot mapping technique is proposed in this study, based on laser ranging and a gyroscope, for application to straight, bent, or sloped underground pipelines. This process is facilitated by two robots (a detecting vehicle and a mapping vehicle) alternately moving from the entrance to the exit of a pipe system. The two vehicles acquire data using individual distance sensors and a gyroscope, producing 3D maps of each section. Mapping results can then be produced for the entire pipeline by splicing images from multiple sections. Simulated validation experiments were conducted using horizontal straight, bent horizontal fixed turning radius, sloped uphill or downhill, and composite sections. Results showed this approach could effectively map different types of pipelines with inner diameters of 300–500 mm. Distance errors over 2000 m of travel were within 1 m, while the angular error was within 1.5°, demonstrating our approach to be highly accurate for complex pipeline system mapping.
Disorder-induced bulk photovoltaic effect in a centrosymmetric van der Waals material
Authors: Cheon Cheol-Yeon , Sun Zhe , Cao Jiang , Gonzalez Marin Juan Francisco , Tripathi Mukesh , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Luisier Mathieu , Kis Andras 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSunlight is widely seen as one of the most abundant forms of renewable energy, with photovoltaic cells based on pn junctions being the most commonly used platform attempting to harness it. Unlike in conventional photovoltaic cells, the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) allows for the generation of photocurrent and photovoltage in a single material without the need to engineer a pn junction and create a built-in electric field, thus offering a solution that can potentially exceed the Shockley–Queisser efficiency limit. However, it requires a material with no inversion symmetry and is therefore absent in centrosymmetric materials. Here, we demonstrate that breaking the inversion symmetry by structural disorder can induce BPVE in ultrathin PtSe2, a centrosymmetric semiconducting van der Waals material. Homogenous illumination of defective PtSe2 by linearly and circularly polarized light results in a photoresponse termed as linear photogalvanic effect (LPGE) and circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE), which is mostly absent in the pristine crystal. First-principles calculations reveal that LPGE originates from Se vacancies that act as asymmetric scattering centers for the photo-generated electron-hole pairs. Our work emphasizes the importance of defects to induce photovoltaic functionality in centrosymmetric materials and shows how the range of materials suitable for light sensing and energy-harvesting applications can be extended.
Hallmarks of ageing in human skeletal muscle and implications for understanding the pathophysiology of sarcopenia in women and men
Authors: Granic Antoneta , Suetterlin Karen , Shavlakadze Tea , Grounds Miranda D. , Sayer Avan A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAgeing is a complex biological process associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Nine classic, interdependent hallmarks of ageing have been proposed involving genetic and biochemical pathways that collectively influence ageing trajectories and susceptibility to pathology in humans. Ageing skeletal muscle undergoes profound morphological and physiological changes associated with loss of strength, mass, and function, a condition known as sarcopenia. The aetiology of sarcopenia is complex and whilst research in this area is growing rapidly, there is a relative paucity of human studies, particularly in older women. Here, we evaluate how the nine classic hallmarks of ageing: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication contribute to skeletal muscle ageing and the pathophysiology of sarcopenia. We also highlight five novel hallmarks of particular significance to skeletal muscle ageing: inflammation, neural dysfunction, extracellular matrix dysfunction, reduced vascular perfusion, and ionic dyshomeostasis, and discuss how the classic and novel hallmarks are interconnected. Their clinical relevance and translational potential are also considered.
Newborn Hearing Screening in Québec, Canada
Authors: Trottenberg Gabriel , Funnell W. Robert J. , Motallebzadeh Hamid 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
This study discusses the history and current state of the newborn hearing screening program in Québec and aims to assess general challenges associated with establishing universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) programs.

Method:
We reviewed the statistics of the occurrence and long-term effects of congenital hearing loss and the immediate and long-term benefits of UNHS and its limitations. The resources for this study included financial reports related to establishing UNHS in different health care systems; Canadian provincial, territorial, and federal regulations and publications; local and nationwide media; and interviews health care staff and program managers.

Results:
Because of its benefits and its cost-effectiveness, UNHS programs have been implemented in many health care systems around the world. Despite Canada's success in offering a wide array of health care services to its citizens, certain provinces trail behind others in developing UNHS programs. Although there have been recent improvements in the screening rate of the province of Québec, nearly half of all Québec newborns continue to not be screened for hearing loss. The reasons for the current low screening rate include delays in implementation, information-technology complications, operating costs, and lack of public awareness.

Conclusions:
For UNHS to be implemented in a timely fashion, those involved in the process should first understand what challenges may arise. Québec's experience with this process may provide useful lessons for other health care systems.
Synoptic maps from two viewpoints
Authors: Loeschl P. , Hirzberger J. , Solanki S. K. , Schou J. , Valori G. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Over recent decades, various kinds of magnetic synoptic chart products have seen major improvements in observation cadence, resolution, and processing, but their creation is still limited by the 27.27 day rotation rate of the solar surface.
Aims. Co-observation from a second vantage point away from the Earth–Sun line with SO/PHI enables the creation of combined magnetic synoptic maps from observation periods that are significantly shorter than a typical Carrington rotation, and therefore provides a data product with magnetic information that is temporally more consistent.
Methods. We upgraded the SDO/HMI synoptic map pipeline in order for it to be compatible with SO/PHI observations at variable distances and a much lower and variable observation cadence. This enabled us to produce combined magnetic synoptic maps using SO/PHI data taken from the far side of the Sun.
Results. We present a pipeline to produce combined magnetic synoptic maps from simultaneous SO/PHI and SDO/HMI observations. Depending on the orbital position of SO/PHI, our combined synoptic maps can be produced up to 13 days faster than any other comparable data product currently available. This strongly reduces the time-lag between the observations that are used to build the map and thereby provides a more consistent map of the magnetic field across the solar surface.
Relativistic electron beams accelerated by an interplanetary shock
Authors: Jebaraj I. C. , Dresing N. , Krasnoselskikh V. , Agapitov O. V. , Gieseler J. , Trotta D. , Wijsen N. , Larosa A. , Kouloumvakos A. , Palmroos C. , Dimmock A. , Kolhoff A. , Kühl P. , Fleth S. , Fedeli A. , Valkila S. , Lario D. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Vainio R. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Collisionless shock waves have long been considered to be among the most prolific particle accelerators in the universe. Shocks alter the plasma they propagate through, and often exhibit complex evolution across multiple scales. Interplanetary (IP) traveling shocks have been recorded in situ for over half a century and act as a natural laboratory for experimentally verifying various aspects of large-scale collisionless shocks. A fundamentally interesting problem in both heliophysics and astrophysics is the acceleration of electrons to relativistic energies (> 300 keV) by traveling shocks.
Aims. The reason for an incomplete understanding of electron acceleration at IP shocks is due to scale-related challenges and a lack of instrumental capabilities. This Letter presents the first observations of field-aligned beams of relativistic electrons upstream of an IP shock, observed thanks to the instrumental capabilities of Solar Orbiter. This study presents the characteristics of the electron beams close to the source and contributes to the understanding of their acceleration mechanism.
Methods. On 25 July 2022, Solar Orbiter encountered an IP shock at 0.98 AU. The shock was associated with an energetic storm particle event, which also featured upstream field-aligned relativistic electron beams observed 14 min prior to the actual shock crossing. The distance of the beam’s origin was investigated using a velocity dispersion analysis (VDA). Peak-intensity energy spectra were anaylzed and compared with those obtained from a semi-analytical fast-Fermi acceleration model.
Results. By leveraging Solar Orbiter’s high temporal resolution Energetic Particle Detector (EPD), we successfully showcase an IP shock’s ability to accelerate relativistic electron beams. Our proposed acceleration mechanism offers an explanation for the observed electron beam and its characteristics, while we also explore the potential contributions of more complex mechanisms.
Inanspruchnahme medizinischer und paramedizinischer Versorgung bei
Säuglingen mit exzessivem Schreien: Querschnittsanalyse und
Eltern-Survey
Authors: Kittel Jochen , Nonnenmacher Lena , Apfelbacher Christian , Seelbach-Göbel B. , Kabesch Michael , Melter Michael , Brandstetter Susanne ,   & KUNO-Kids study group
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bei Säuglingen kann es zu exzessiven Schreiphasen
kommen, welche diese, deren Familien und das Gesundheitssystem erheblich
belasten.
Ziel der Arbeit Ziel war zu untersuchen, wie häufig Eltern von
Säuglingen mit exzessivem Schreien Hilfe im medizinischen
und/oder paramedizinischen Versorgungssystem suchen und welche
Maßnahmen verordnet werden.
Material und Methoden Die KUNO-Kids Studie bildete die Grundlage. Familien
erhielten 4-Wochen nach Geburt ihres Kindes einen Fragebogen, mit dem exzessives
Schreien (nach modifizierten Wessel-Kriterien) gescreent wurde. Familien, die
für ihr Kind exzessives Schreien angaben, bearbeiteten einen
zusätzlichen Bogen zur Symptomatik/ Umgang mit dem exzessiven
Schreien sowie zur Inanspruchnahme verschiedener Leistungen. Die Daten wurden
mittels deskriptiver Statistik ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Für 238 Säuglinge lagen Fragebögen zum
exzessiven Schreien vor, 105 hiervon erfüllten die modifizierten
Wessel-Kriterien. 37 Kinder (36%) wurden wegen Weinens bzw. Quengelns
Kinderärzten/-innen vorgestellt. 57 (55%) bekamen
daraufhin Medikamente empfohlen. 51 (49%) der Eltern gaben an,
alternative Therapien in Anspruch genommen zu haben, am häufigsten
Osteopathie. 45 (43%) Eltern reagierten mit der Umstellung der
Ernährung des Kindes bzw. der Eigenen.
Diskussion Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen u. a. Probleme der Eltern im
Umgang mit dem exzessiven Schreien der Kinder auf. Es entsteht ein
erhöhter Betreuungsbedarf, der sich z. B. in häufiger
Inanspruchnahme von Kinderärzten/-innen und alternativen
Therapien zeigt. Es werden verschiedene Diagnosen für das Schreien
genannt, verfügbare Optionen wie simeticonhaltige Arzneimittel,
homöopathische und manuelle Therapien werden trotz fehlender Evidenz
verordnet.
Erfahrungen mit Diospyros kaki Creveld, dem Kakibaum
Authors: Moonen Resie 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungVor über 20 Jahren wurde Diospyros kaki Creveld von Marijke Creveld als
neue Arznei in die Homöopathie eingeführt. In der Zwischenzeit
konnten einige klinische Erfahrungen gesammelt werden, und auch der
phythopharmakologische Kenntnisstand hat sich erweitert. Es wird eine Kasuistik
einer Patientin mit Brustkrebs vorgestellt, die im Verlauf der Behandlung eine
schwere Beeinträchtigung erfuhr, die mit dieser Arznei gut behandelt
werden konnte.