bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of metallocene hydride intermediates by methylaluminoxane in alkene dimerization and oligomerization
Authors: Parfenova Lyudmila , Kovyazin Pavel , Bikmeeva Almira , Palatov Eldar , Ivchenko Pavel , Nifant'ev Ilya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Homogeneous catalytic systems based on metallocenes, organoaluminum compounds, and activators proved to be efficient in alkene dimerization, oligomerization, and polymerization reactions. Metal hydrides can act as highly reactive species of these catalytic systems. Despite the large number of experimental and theoretical studies in this field, the effect of the activator on the structure and dynamics of hydride intermediates is an open question. In order to elucidate the dependence of the structure and reactivity of the bimetallic hydride intermediates formed in the systems metal complex – OAC – activator on the nature of the transition metal atom and ligand environment, we used NMR spectroscopy to study reactions of a series of L2MCl2 complexes (M = Hf, Zr; L2 = Cp2, CpMe2, ansa-(Me2C)2Cp2, ansa-Me2CInd2) with HAlBui2 and ММАО-12 activator. As a result, M,Al-bimetallic intermediates containing [L2ZrH3] and [(L2Zr)2H3] type moieties were detected for both hafnium and zirconium complexes with cyclopentadienyl ligands. The [L2ZrH3] type structure predominates in the system based on the ansa-linked bis-indenyl zirconium complex. The detected complexes provide associates with ММАО-12 and, hence, they can act as precursors of active sites determining the alkene dimerization and oligomerization routes.
Novel Intrusion Detection System for MANETs using Hybrid Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer based deep recurrent neural network model
Authors: SATHIYA R , YUVARAJ N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The advent growth of wireless networks and their applications in different fields has been more prominent in the previous few years and specifically mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) has gained the importance from consumers and researchers due to their reliability and sustainability. MANET is widely employed for communicating and sending and receiving packets in a network without any requirement of specific hardware structure, due to which these are employed in different sectors. Because of its wide applicability, there exist numerous challenges in handling MANETs, especially with respect to network security. Intrusion is one of the key security problem faced in MANETs during the transmission of data packets within the communication system. The occurrence of malicious node in MANETs shall lead to removal of information packets during data transfer and thus intrusion detection system (IDS) are successfully designed to handle the node behaviours and identify the malicious nodes in the network and their behaviours. Henceforth, this research study develops a novel IDS model using the proposed improved grey wolf optimizer (ImGWO) hybridized with that of the deep recurrent neural network (DRNN) model for predicting and observing the behaviour of malicious nodes in MANETs. The developed novel hybrid ImGWO-DRNN model is applied on the KDD Cup 1999 datasets and training and testing of the proposed IDS technique is studied. Evaluation metrics was set to analyse and validate the proposed IDS technique and the results prove the superiority of this ImGWO-DRNN intrusion detection system over the previous techniques from literature for the MANETs.
Challenges and coping mechanisms of parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a qualitative study
Authors: Mesfin Wongelawit , Habtamu Kassahun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that has manifestations of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects every facet of a child’s life, including one’s own emotions, family and school life, and social interaction. The few available studies on ADHD conducted in Ethiopia focus on teachers’ awareness and the prevalence of ADHD. None of these studies has taken into account parents of children who have ADHD. The present study, therefore, aimed to find out the challenges and coping mechanisms of parents who have children with ADHD.
Methods
A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted to explore the experiences of parents who have children with ADHD. The study was carried out in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia. Fourteen parents and two healthcare providers were involved in the study. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. In-depth interviews were conducted with parents of children with ADHD (n = 8) and healthcare providers (n = 2). Focus group discussion (FGD) was also conducted with parents (n = 6). A topic guide for conducting the interviews and FGD was developed. Interviews and the FGD were audio-recorded. The data were transcribed verbatim, translated into English, and then analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.
Results
With regard to challenges of parents of children with ADHD, three themes emerged: social challenges, economic challenges and psychological challenges. Stigma is found to be the most common challenge. Other challenges included worry about the child's future, lack of social support, strained relationships with others, impact on their job, and marital conflict. Concerning coping mechanisms, two themes emerged: Inward and outward means of coping. The inward means of coping included prayer and developing an optimistic mindset whereas the outward means were family support, healthcare providers’ guidance, and social avoidance.
Conclusions
The study found that parents of children with ADHD experience several aspects of psychological, social, and economic challenges. Support from healthcare professionals, family members, and the community at large is found to be useful for parents to cope with these challenges. Future research should focus on evaluating interventions that would help parents with ADHD cope with the challenges they experience.
Assessing the risk factors associated with sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis: a case-control study
Authors: Xiao LeYao , Dai Mei , Zhao Fei , Shen YouShu , KWAN Rick Yiu Cho , Salvador Jordan Tovera , Yang Ping , Zhang Li , Luo YaWen , Liu Qian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study investigated sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors in cirrhosis patients admitted from July 2021 to November 2022. Of 271 participants, 27.7% had sarcopenia. Prevalence was higher in ≥60-year-olds (38.3%) and those exercising <3 times/week (36.4%). Binary regression analysis identified factors linked to sarcopenia. Lower body mass index (BMI) (OR 0.663; 95% CI 0.551–0.799, p < 0.001), mid-upper arm muscle circumference (OR 0.833; 95% CI 0.716–0.969, p = 0.018), albumin (OR 0.831; 95% CI 0.762–0.907, p < 0.001), and total cholesterol (OR 0.389; 95% CI 0.230–0.659, p < 0.001) were negatively correlated with sarcopenia. Conversely, exercise <3 times/week (OR 2.498; 95% CI 1.063–5.874, p = 0.036), hepatic encephalopathy (OR 3.658; 95% CI 1.539–8.694, p = 0.003), high malnutrition risk (OR 2.579; 95% CI 1.127–5.898, p = 0.025), high alkaline phosphatase level (OR 1.007; 95% CI 1.003–1.011, p < 0.001), and age (OR 2.688; 95% CI 1.012–7.137, p = 0.047) were positively correlated with sarcopenia. Adjusting for gender weakened the age-sarcopenia link. In conclusion, sarcopenia was prevalent in cirrhosis patients, with age, physical activity, BMI, nutritional status, and albumin independently associated with it. Serum ALP and total cholesterol were linked to sarcopenia development. Regular exercise may help maintain grip strength and delay liver function deterioration in cirrhotic individuals.
Incidence, management, and outcome of incidental meningioma – what has happened in 10 years?
Authors: Näslund Olivia , Strand Per Sveino , Solheim Ole , Masri Mohammad Al , Rapi Okizeva , Thurin Erik , Jakola Asgeir S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to study the use of brain scanning, and the subsequent findings of presumed incidental meningioma in two time periods, and to study differences in follow-up, treatment, and outcome.
Methods
Records of performed CT and MRI of the brain were retrospectively reviewed in search for patients with presumed incidental meningioma. Their medical health records were the used to study clinical handling and outcome.
Results
An identical number of unique patients underwent brain imaging during the two time periods (n = 22 259 vs. 22 013). In 2018–2019, 25% more incidental meningiomas were diagnosed compared to 2008–2009 (n = 161 vs. 129, p = 0.052). MRI was used more often in 2018–2019 (34.8 vs. 28.5%), and the use of contrast enhancement, irrespective of modality, also increased (28.6 vs. 12.2%). In the most recent cohort, patients were older (median 79 years vs. 73 years, p = 0.03). Indications showed a significant increase of cancer without known metastases among scanned patients.
Conclusions
Despite the same number of unique patients undergoing brain scans in the time periods, there was a trend towards more patients diagnosed with an incidental asymptomatic meningioma in the more recent years. This difference may be attributed to more contrast enhanced scans and more scans among the elderly. Patients in the cohort from 2018–2019 more often had non-metastatic cancer, with their cause of scan screening for metastases. There was no significant difference in management decision at diagnosis, but within 3 years of follow up significantly more patients in the latter cohort had been re-scanned.
CNN-BLSTM with Attention Model for Speech Emotion Recognition
Authors: Xia Yuguo , Zhao Li 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In order to further enhance the discrimination of speech emotion feature, an approach for speech emotion recognition using CNN-BLSTM based on 3D Cepstrum Feature and Attention Model is proposed. On the basis of extracting typical feature MFCC, the 3D cepstrum feature is constructed by fusing its first-order and second-order difference to form dynamic input feature vector. Then CNN-BLSTM is constructed using convolutional neural network and bidirectional long short-term memory network for long-term modeling, and attention mechanism is utilized to further enhance the weight of key emotional features of speech. The experimental results show the proposed method can focus on the useful information of the feature and effectively improving the accuracy of speech emotion recognition.
Transgenic Tg(Kcnj10-ZsGreen) Fluorescent Reporter Mice Allow Visualization of Intermediate Cells in the Stria Vascularis
Authors: Strepay Dillon , Olszewski Rafal T. , Nixon Sydney , Korrapati Soumya , Adadey Samuel , Griffith Andrew J. , Su Yijun , Liu Jiamin , Vishwasrao Harshad , Gu Shoujun , Saunders Thomas , Roux Isabelle , Hoa Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The stria vascularis (SV) is a stratified epithelium in the lateral wall of the mammalian cochlea, responsible for both endolymphatic ion homeostasis and generation of the endocochlear potential (EP) critical for normal hearing. The SV has three layers consisting predominantly of basal, intermediate, and marginal cells. Intermediate and marginal cells form an intricate interdigitated network of cell projections making discrimination of the cells challenging. To enable intermediate cell visualization, we engineered by BAC transgenesis, reporter mouse lines expressing ZsGreen fluorescent protein under the control of Kcnj10 promoter and regulatory sequences. Kcnj10 encodes KCNJ10 protein (also known as Kir4.1 or Kir1.2), an ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifying potassium channel critical to EP generation, highly expressed in SV intermediate cells. In these transgenic mice, ZsGreen fluorescence mimics Kcnj10 endogenous expression in the cochlea and was detected in the intermediate cells of the SV, in the inner phalangeal cells, Hensen’s, Deiters’ and pillar cells, in a subset of spiral ganglion neurons, and in glial cells. We show that expression of the transgene in hemizygous mice does not alter auditory function, nor EP. These transgenic Tg(Kcnj10-ZsGreen) mice allow live and fixed tissue visualization of ZsGreen-expressing intermediate cells and will facilitate future studies of stria vascularis cell function.
Automatic detection of fake tweets about COVID-19 Vaccine in Portuguese
Authors: Geurgas Rafael , Tessler Leandro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic induced an unprecedented wave of of disinformation in social media in Brazil. In particular Twitter (currently X) was used to spread fake news about COVID-19 vaccines that helped to induce vaccine hesitation.This article presents a BERT-based neural network for automatic detection of fake tweets.The optimized architecture relies upon BERTimbau, a BERT implementation pre-trained in Brazilian Portuguese, fine-tuned using three fully connected layers.All 2,857,908 tweets in Portuguese containing the word \textit{vacina} (vaccine in Portuguese) were collected over a 7-month period.A subset of 14,400 tweets was manually classified as real or fake.The network was fine-tuned using the 1,144 curated fake tweets and a random sample of 2000 real tweets.Optimal results were achieved melting the last four layers of the BERTimbau.The best results obtained were 77.1\% f1-score and 76.9\% accuracy.These results are already acceptable for practical applications.They can be improved increasing the size of the training dataset.State of the art performance was obtained training the same neural network architecture with a larger curated balanced English language training dataset.
The effects of silymarin supplementation on cellular damage and stress indices after an acute aerobic exercise: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked clinical study
Authors: Gharakhanlou Bahram Jamali , Rahmani Bita , Amaghani Akram , Solaimanian Shahabaddin , Shiri-Shahsavar Mohammad Reza 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Intense physical activity leads to muscle damage associated with increased oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant balance. This study aims to evaluate the effect of silymarin extract supplementation on damage indicators and cellular stress in active men after acute aerobic exercise. Materials and Methods: Twenty athletic men (average age of 25.09 ± 2.11 years) were placed in two groups of silymarin (n = 10) and placebo (n = 10) in a double-masked design. After 14 days of supplementation, both groups participated in an aerobic exercise protocol. Changes in serum creatine kinase (CK), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were measured before and immediately after the workout. The data were analyzed using the analysis of the covariance test at a significancy level of p < 0.05. Results: The results showed that acute aerobic exercise significantly increased CK and MPO levels in both groups (p ≤ 0.05). However, this increment was lower in the silymarin group compared to the placebo group. In addition, the TAC increased significantly in the silymarin group after two weeks of supplementation compared to the placebo group (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the present research findings, a 14-day silymarin supplementation likely prevents muscle damage and oxidative stress caused by performing a residual aerobic session in men.
Cosmological Gravitational Redshift and Hubble Tension
Authors: III Charles H. McGruder 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
For almost a century since its first measurement by Hubble in 1929 the value of the Hubble constant, H, has been the subject of intense debate. In the last few years a new dimension has been added to this debate because there appears to be a significant discrepancy between the values of H derived from present-day universe (cepheids, supernova, lensed quasars, tip of the red giant branch), which are minimally dependent on cosmological theory and those derived from early universe observations (cosmic microwave background and baryon acoustic oscillations), which are based on the standard cosmological theory, $\Lambda CDM$, whereby $\Lambda CDM$ in turn is based on the assumption that the universe is expanding. This discrepancy is known as Hubble tension. We resolve the Hubble tension by introducing a universe which is govern by the Taub-NUT solution to the field equations of general relativity. The Taub-NUT universe is not expanding. In this universe the observed cosmological redshift is due to the gravitational redshift associated with the Taub-Nut solution, which we refer to as cosmological gravitational redshift. Time dilation in this stationary universe has the same dependency on redshift, that generally has been seen as proof that space is expanding.
Influences of teleconnections on climate variables in northern and northeastern Thailand
Authors: Nakburee Arisara , Shrestha Sangam , Mohanasundaram S. , Loc Ho Huu , Maharjan Manisha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Teleconnection events can influence normal regional weather patterns and affect weather forecast accuracy. To improve the forecast ability, the relationship between main teleconnections such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and climate variables (rainfall, maximum and minimum surface temperature, vertical mixing ratio, and vertical maximum temperature) was established using lag correlation coefficient and t-test methods. The results reveal moderately significant correlations between El Niño, positive IOD and rainfall, and vertical mixing ratio, which can be associated with lower-than-usual rainfall. The coincidence between El Niño and positive IOD events can worsen drought. Even though the MJO and regional weather correlations were significant, the magnitude of correlation coefficients was negligible. In addition, the spatiotemporal distribution of ENSO shows that the strong El Niño has more influence on rainfall anomalies in the post-1980s. Since there are insufficient studies on the association between teleconnections and climate variables, especially vertical mixing ratio, our findings can benefit prediction development for teleconnection-induced regional climate anomalies for extreme events and water management preparations in northern and northeastern Thailand.
Novel solar simulated photocatalytic heterolysis of pharmaceutical wastewater via slag nanocomposite immobilization: Optimization using response surface methodology
Authors: Safo Kingsley , Noby Hussien , Mitsuhara Masatoshi , Naragino Hiroshi , El-Shazly Ahmed H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This study converted slag from the steelmaking industry into an Fe2O3-rich nanocomposite using solvothermal technique for photodegradation of pharmaceutical wastewater in an immobilized mode. The nanocomposite was characterized using XRF, SEM, EDX, TEM, FTIR, XRD, and UV–Vis spectrometer. The XRF analysis result reveals a significant increase in the weight percent of Fe2O3 and SiO2, with a decrease in CaO content. The SEM images revealed the spherical and heterogeneous nature of the nanocomposite in shape and structure, while the FTIR confirms the increase in the vibration band of Si–O–Si and Fe–O with a reduction in the wide stretch mode of Ca–O. The XRD result illustrated the crystalline peak of Fe2O3 with a nanoparticle crystal size of 15.17 nm. The slag nanocomposite was used for the photodegradation of paracetamol. The optimum operating parameters were obtained using response surface methodology at an R2 value of 0.99 and p-value &lt; 0.05. The degradation efficiency obtained at the optimum value was 96.96%. The degradation efficiency of the fifth repeated cycle of the immobilized nanocomposite was 77.89%. The degradation mechanism revealed that OH• radical was the major species of the degradation process. This work showed that slag nanocomposite might be effectively used for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
Innovative integration of environmental and economic development related to water–food–energy relations
Authors: Xiang Qianhe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Due to severe water pollution, gradual shortage of energy resources, and increasing demand for food, the environment related to the water,food, and energy nexus has caused serious damage and pollution and has had a significant impact on economic development.“ to ”The intensification of water pollution, the gradual shortage of energy resources, and the increasing demand for food have caused serious damage and pollution to the natural environment and also had a significant impact on economic development.
Control de fitopatógenos con extractos de biomasa de chile y de maíz
Authors: Jiménez-Ortega Luis Alfonso , Valdez-Baro Octavio , Heredia-Bátiz Jorge Miguel , García-Estrada Raymundo S. , Basilio Heredia José 
Published: October 2023

México es uno de los principales productores de chile y de maíz a nivel mundial. Actividad de la que se originan grandes cantidades de biomasa y subproductos agrícolas, los cuales se pretende que sean valorizados para mitigar el daño al medio ambiente y generar así un valor agregado. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener fitoquímicos con actividad antibacteriana y antifúngica de biomasa de chile y de maíz contra fitopatógenos de importancia económica para la agricultura, al emplear métodos de extracción basados en la química verde. Para la extracción de los fitoquímicos se dispuso de dos tipos de Disolventes Eutécticos Profundos (DES), y una fermentación láctica con Lactobacillus plantarum. Los extractos se evaluaron in vitro e in vivo contra Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Xanthomonas vesicatoria, Ralstonia solanacearum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. licopersici, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea y Alternaria solani. Los resultados in vitro demostraron que los extractos obtenidos con los DES fueron efectivos contra las bacterias, a diferencia de las pruebas in vivo que inhibieron el crecimiento de los hongos. El potencial de los extractos de las biomasas contra los microorganismos fitopatógenos, las señala como una herramienta de biocontrol agrícola, que asegura la sustentabilidad y se aprovecha el beneficio de los DES que son eficientes, biodegradables, inocuos, y con capacidad de extracción de fitoquímicos antimicrobianos y antifúngicos.
El Diablo en Chile Colonial. Alhué 1792
Authors: Ortiz Espinoza Ricardo 
Published: October 2023

El estudio narra el caso de Santiago Barreta, acusado de estupro reiterado contra sus hijas, en la localidad de Alhue en 1792. Sin embargo, lo interesante del mismo es la curiosa atribución de culpabilidad al Diablo.
Se reconoce que, a pesar de la influencia de la Ilustración europea, en el Chile de la época persistían creencias tradicionales arraigadas en el derecho divino, donde el pecado y el delito estaban entrelazados.
El estudio, de carácter heurístico, se convierte en una herramienta para entender cómo estas creencias populares y la realidad se fusionan en una estructura única. En este caso, el Diablo se convierte en el chivo expiatorio, un reflejo de la influencia que ejerce en la sociedad, más allá de su historia real, que es inaccesible excepto a través de las percepciones humanas, haciendo que las representaciones imaginarias se volvieran reales en la medida en que la sociedad las aceptaba como verdades arraigadas en su acervo cultural.