bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of education attainment on 24-hour movement behavior in emerging adults: evidence from a population-based study
Authors: You Yanwei , Mo Leiyu , Tong Jing , Chen Xiangyu , You Yujun 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between education level and health behavior including sleep, work activity, exercise activity, and sedentary behavior among emerging adults.MethodsThis study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2007 and 2018. The study sample included 4,484 emerging adults aged 18–25 years and the weighted participants were 30,057,813. Weighted multivariable regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between education level and the aforementioned health behavior, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, poverty-income ratio, BMI, smoking, and alcohol drinking status.ResultsThis study revealed that higher education level was associated with shorter sleep duration [Fully adjusted model, β (95% CI): −0.588 (−0.929, −0.246), p &lt; 0.001]. Additionally, those with higher education levels were more likely to allocate time in sedentary behavior [β (95% CI): 90.162 (41.087, 139.238), p &lt; 0.001]. Moreover, higher education level was related to less work activity [β (95% CI): −806.991 (−1,500.280, −113.703), p = 0.023] and more exercise activity time [β (95% CI): 118.196 (−21.992, 258.385), p = 0.097]. Subgroup analysis further verified this trend and detected that males with higher education level tended to participate in less work activity [β (95% CI): −1,139.972 (−2,136.707, −143.237), p = 0.026] while females with higher education level tended to engage in more exercise activity [Fully adjusted model, β (95% CI): 141.709 (45.468, 237.950), p = 0.004].ConclusionThis study highlighted the importance of education level as a significant factor in promoting healthy behavior among emerging adults. The findings underscored the need for the Ministry of Education to prioritize educating this demographic about the significance of maintaining adequate sleep patterns and reducing sedentary habits. Encouraging them to allocate more time for work and physical activities can significantly contribute to their overall wellbeing and success, ultimately fostering a healthier next generation.
Consistency between self-reported disease diagnosis and clinical assessment and under-reporting for chronic conditions: data from a community-based study in Xi’an, China
Authors: Liu Haobiao , Zhao Yanru , Qiao Lichun , Yang Congying , Yang Ying , Zhang Tianxiao , Wu Qian , Han Jing 
Published: January 2024

AimsThe current study aims to investigate the consistency between the surveyees’ self-reported disease diagnosis and clinical assessment of eight major chronic conditions using community-based survey data collected in Xi’an, China in 2017. With a focus on under-reporting patients, we aim to explore its magnitude and associated factors, to provide an important basis for disease surveillance, health assessment and resource allocation, and public health decision-making and services.MethodsQuestionnaires were administered to collect self-reported chronic condition prevalence among the study participants, while physical examinations and laboratory tests were conducted for clinical assessment. For each of the eight chronic conditions, the sensitivity, specificity, under-reporting, over-reporting, and agreement were calculated. Log-binomial regression analysis was employed to identify potential factors that may influence the consistency of chronic condition reporting.ResultsA total of 2,272 participants were included in the analysis. Four out of the eight chronic conditions displayed under-reporting exceeding 50%. The highest under-reporting was observed for goiter [85.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 85.25–86.62%], hyperuricemia (83.94, 95% CI: 83.22–84.66%), and thyroid nodules (72.89, 95% CI: 72.02–73.76%). Log-binomial regression analysis indicated that senior age and high BMI were potential factors associated with the under-reporting of chronic condition status in the study population.ConclusionThe self-reported disease diagnosis by respondents and clinical assessment data exhibit significant inconsistency for all eight chronic conditions. Large proportions of patients with multiple chronic conditions were under-reported in Xi’an, China. Combining relevant potential factors, targeted health screenings for high-risk populations might be an effective method for identifying under-reporting patients.
Does social isolation mediate the association between hearing loss and cognition in adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
Authors: Dhanda Nisha , Hall Amanda , Martin James 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThere has been extensive research on the relationship between hearing and cognitive impairment in older adults but little examination of the role of mediating factors. Social isolation is a potential mediator, occurring because of hearing loss, and contributing to accelerated cognitive decline. Previous systematic reviews on this topic area have not considered the temporal nature of hearing loss and cognitive impairment exclusively or examined potential mediators within a longitudinal study design.MethodsA systematic review was conducted. Electronic searches were performed in Web of Science, PubMed (Medline), Scopus, EMBASE, PsychInfo, and ProQuest (PsychArticles and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses) based on a search string of keywords relating to hearing loss, social isolation, and cognitive impairment/dementia in June 2023. Papers were critically appraised using the CASP checklists for cohort studies. Risk of bias in the selected studies was assessed using the Item Bank for Assessment of Risk of Bias and Precision for Observational Studies of Interventions or Exposures.ResultsEleven of the 15 included studies provide evidence of a dose-dependent association between hearing threshold (40 dB HL or greater) and later cognitive impairment or incident dementia. Only one study included social isolation as a mediator, which was found to not be a significant contributing factor. The meta-analysis of 5 studies pooled hazard ratio for cognitive impairment due to hearing loss is 1.11 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.15, p &lt; 0.001). The pooled hazard ratio for incident dementia due to hearing loss was HR 1.21 (95% CI: 1.11 to 1.31, p = 0.002).ConclusionThe analysis of included studies indicate that hearing threshold level affects later cognitive status or dementia diagnosis. There is not enough evidence to determine the role of social isolation as a mediator. Future epidemiology studies need to measure different elements of social isolation and ensure that hearing and cognition are measured at multiple time points.
Early results of high tibial osteotomy versus combined arthroscopic surgery
Authors: Zhang Zhenbin , Yan Zhaolong , Wang Gongteng , Zhang Wenqi , Li Guangxing , Wang Xufeng , Sun Huaqiang , Li Shufeng 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the early effect of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) compared with combined arthroscopic surgery.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent HTO at The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2018 to January 2022. 138 patients (163 knees) with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) treated with HTO were selected. The medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), joint line convergence angle (JLCA), femoral tibial angle (FTA), hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, weight-bearing line (WBL) ratio of the knee joint, opening gap, opening angle, American Knee Society score (KSS), US Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score were measured to determine the different effects between HTO and HTO combined with arthroscopic by logistic regression analysis.ResultsPatients with HTO combined with arthroscopic surgery have improved functional scores as well as imaging perspectives compared to preoperative. By multivariate logistic analysis, it was concluded that arthroscopic surgery and gender are influential factors in the outcome of HTO surgery. The postoperative KSS score was 2.702 times more likely to be classified as excellent in the HTO combined with arthroscopy group than in the HTO group [Exp (β) = 2.702, 95% CI (1.049–6.961), P = 0.039]; the postoperative KSS score was 0.349 times more likely to be classified as excellent in women than in men [Exp (β) = 0.349, 95% CI (0.138–0.883), P = 0.026].ConclusionBetter results with HTO combined with arthroscopic surgery. HTO combined with arthroscopy is a better choice in the surgical treatment of KOA.
Water Flow Boiling in Micro/Mini Channels Using Volume of Fluid Model
Authors: Khan Mughal Muhammad Umer , Waheed Khalid , Sadiq Muhammad Imran , Molla Altaf Hossain , Harun Zambri , Etminan Amin 
Published: January 2024

Recent advancements in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have triggered research in the field of heat exchangers. Driven by the need to decrease the size of heat exchangers, many researchers have exploited the higher heat transfer achieved by replacing single-phase flow systems with boiling counterparts. The concept of using mini-channels to provide compact heat exchangers while maintaining heat transfer performance is relatively new. A minimal number of researchers have reported simulations of water-steam systems in mini-channels. This paper presents a numerical study of the heat transfer performance (HTP) of mini channels in a water-steam system using the volume of fluid (VOF) model coupled with the Lee phase change model on commercial CFD software ANSYS. The numerical model consisted of a 1 mm × 1.5 mm × 52 mm channel with boundary conditions: top adiabatic; constant heat flux at the bottom surface; left/right periodic; mass flow inlet and pressure outlet. A mesh independence study was carried out for the proposed model, and simulations were validated against the experimental results of heat transfer versus vapor quality for a wide range of mass and heat fluxes. The VOF model best predicts experimental HTC at high mass fluxes, although the results at low mass fluxes were predicted with reasonable accuracy. Based on the agreement of numerical and numerical results, the VOF model turned out to be a promising candidate for designing compact micro/mini channel heat exchangers.
Novità lessicali nel Codice Diplomatico Barese : le Pergamene di S. Nicola di Bari (939-1266)
Authors: D'Argenio Elisa 
Published: January 2024

Il contributo presenta i risultati di un’indagine lessicografica volta all’individuazione e all’esame delle novità lessicali che si trovano nei documenti editi nei volumi quarto, quinto e sesto del Codice Diplomatico Barese. Questa raccolta documentaria, come si sa, riveste particolare importanza per il progresso della lessicografia mediolatina, in quanto documenta numerosi vocaboli che non sono ancora registrati nei dizionari di latino medievale. Sono in questa sede analizzati alcuni significativi neologismi semasiologici <i>(altare, calaprix, capitellum, castrum, cervical, costalis, dalfinus, manganellum, pasola, nauclerius) e semantici (abstractor, adpignerare, appignatio, bardarius, camminatella, celame, corbarius, confectarius, milella, pisarola, serrone, serrosus, suppinnum, suppinnulum, suppinnatus, specclulina, tectumen, triscile).
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A Modern View on the Centralization of the Blood Service at Regional Levels by Rebranding
Authors: Гольдинберг Б.М. , Климович О.В. 
Published: January 2024

Цель. Обобщить механизм централизации региональной службы крови путем ребрендинга. Материалы и методы. Материалом исследования стали статистические отчеты и нормативные документы службы крови. Применен метод системного анализа для установления составляющих ребрендинга применительно к службе крови. Результаты. На основании собственного опыта и теоретического обобщения материалов изучены риски ребрендинга и разработаны чек-листы для внедрения современных подходов к централизации службы крови региональных уровней. Выводы: 1. Централизация СК на региональных уровнях не имеет альтернативных решений, поскольку главной ее целью является соблюдение национальных стандартов качества производимых компонентов крови для эффективного оказания трансфузионной помощи пациентам. 2. Ребрендинг подразумевает не просто смену названия СК, а проведение комплекса качественных изменений как внутри самой СК, так и в работе с пациентами. 3. Предлагаемые чек-листы позволяют разработать программу внедрения современных подходов к централизации СК региональных уровней.
Purpose. To generalize the mechanism of centralization of the regional blood service by rebranding. Materials and methods. The research material includes statistical reports and regulatory documents of the blood service. The analytical analysis method was applied to establish the components of the rebranding in relation to the blood service. Results. Based on our own experience and theoretical generalization of the materials the risks of rebranding have been studied and checklists have been developed for the introduction of modern approaches to centralize blood services at regional levels. Conclusion. 1. The centralization of the blood service at regional levels has no alternative solutions, since its main goal is to comply with national quality standards of blood components produced for the effective provision of transfusion care to patients. 2. Rebranding implies not just changing the name of blood services but carrying out a complex of qualitative changes both within the blood service itself and in working with patients. 3. The proposed checklists allow us to develop a program for the introduction of modern approaches to the centralization of blood services at regional levels.
Pharmacoeconomical Analysis of Time-Fixed Use of Monotherapy with Targeted Drugs, as Well as Combinations of Targeted Drugs with Anti-CD20-Monoclonal Antibody of the 2nd Generation (Obinutuzumab) for the Therapy of Previously Untreated Patients with CLL
Authors: Лис А.П. , Морозова О.М. 
Published: January 2024

Хронический лимфолейкоз – самый распространенный вид лейкоза у взрослых; является теоретически неизлечимым заболеванием. Цель назначения того или иного лечения для пациентов с хроническим лимфолейкозом – максимальное продление жизни. Современное лечение основано на использовании таргетных лекарственных препаратов как в монотерапии, так и в комбинации с моноклональными антителами. Высокая стоимость новых молекул является ограничительным фактором применения такой терапевтической опции у пациентов с хроническим лимфолейкозом. Длительное непрерывное лечение до прогрессии или непереносимой токсичности или конечное по времени лечение – выбор, который делает гематолог с учетом эффективности и безопасности, а также доступности терапии для пациента.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most common type of leukemia in adults and is theoretically an incurable disease. The purpose of prescribing a particular treatment for patients with CLL is to maximize the prolongation of their life. Modern treatment is based on the use of targeted drugs both in monotherapy and in combination with monoclonal antibodies. The high cost of new molecules is a limiting factor in the use of such a therapeutic option in patients with CLL. Long–term continuous treatment before the event or progression of the disease or the final treatment in time is a choice made by a hematologist taking into account the effectiveness and safety, as well as the availability of therapy for the patient.
PENGARUH EDUKASI KESEHATAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN TINDAKAN PENCEGAHAN ULKUS KAKI DIABETIK DI WILAYAH KERJA UPTD PUSKESMAS AIR MOLEK
Authors: Redho Ahmad , Septinawati Yesi 
Published: January 2024

Diabetes Melitus (DM) didefinisikan sebagai suatu penyakit atau gangguan metabolisme kronis dengan multi etiologi yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula darah disertai dengan gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lipid, dan protein sebagai akibat insufisiensi fungsi insulin. Salah satu komplikasi umum dari DM adalah masalah kaki diabetik.Ulkus kaki diabetik tidak akan terjadi bila penderita DM mempunyai pengetahuan dan mau menjaga serta merawat kaki secara rutin Masih rendahnya Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan perawatan kaki penderita DM dapat disebabkan oleh kurangnya informasi mengenai ulkus kaki diabetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan pencegahan ulkus kaki diabetik. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy experiment. Sampel berjumlah 38 responden dengan tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Terdapat pengaruh edukasi kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan pencegahan ulkus kaki diabetik dengan p value 0,000. Terdapat pengaruh edukasi kesehatan terhadap sikap pencegahan ulkus kaki diabetik dengan p value 0,000. Terdapat pengaruh edukasi kesehatan terhadap tindakan pencegahan ulkus kaki diabetik dengan p value 0,000. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diusulkan sebagai acuan untuk pelaksanaan program pendidikan kesehatan mengenai ulkus kaki diabetik sehingga dapat diaplikasikan kepada masyarakat.
Analisis Variasi Jarak Stiffener pada Balok Baja WF Terhadap Tekuk Lokal Baja Menggunakan Software Abaqus V.20
Authors: Ando Gerald Pratama Oktoleano , Simatupang Partogi H. , Hangge Elsy E. 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi jarak stiffener terhadap tekuk lokal baja yang disebabkan oleh gaya aksial atau gaya yang bekerja pada sumbu utama penampang struktur. Stiffener diposisikan bervariasi dengan jarak simetris (a) pada profil yang akan dianalisis. Stiffener dianalisis secara tiga dimensi menggunakan software Abaqus V.20 dengan pemodelan elemen balok baja yang menggunakan WF 350 x 350. Analisis dibagi menjadi 6 pemodelan dengan 1 pemodelan balok tanpa penggunakan stiffener dan 5 variasi dengan jarak stiffener 800 mm,900 mm,1000 mm,1100 mm dan 1200 mm. Dari analisa struktur yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Stiffener memberikan kontribusi pada balok baja dalam menahan beban yang diberikan,stiffener juga efektif dalam menahan tekuk lokal pada baja. variasi jarak pengaku (stiffener) 1200 mm, karena memiliki nilai interaksi geser lentur dan juga lendutan yang paling kecil dibandingkan dengan variasi jarak pengaku (stiffener) 800 mm,900 mm,1000 mm dan 1100 mm.
أبو بشر الأنصاري وسيرته العلمية
Authors: د.قاسم جواد خلف الجي ا زني  
Published: January 2024

ﺘﻌد اﻟﺤﻀﺎرة اﻟﻌرﺒﻴﺔ اﻻﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻤن اﻋظم اﻟﺤﻀﺎ ارت اﻟﺘﻲ ظﻬرت اﻟﻰ اﻟوﺠود اﻻﻨﺴﺎﻨﻲ
واﻟﺘـﻲ ﻛـﺎن ﻟﻬـﺎ اﻟﺸـرف اﻟرﻓﻴـﻊ ﻓـﻲ دﻓـﻊ ﺤرﻛـﺔ اﻟﺘطـور اﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ واﻟﻤﻌرﻓـﻲ واﻻﻨﺴـﺎﻨﻲ وﺒﻘﻴـﺔ ﻤﺠـﺎﻻت
ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻫو أﻓﻀﻝ . ﻓﻛﺎن ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻨب اﻟﻔﻛري واﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ أﺜرﻩ اﻟواﻀـﺢ واﻟﻛﺒﻴـر ٬ ﻓﻠﻘـد اﻋﺘـرف
اﻟﻘﺎﺼـﻲ واﻟـداﻨﻲ ان اﻟﻌــرب ﻫــم أوﻝ ﻤـن اﻟــف ﻓــﻲ ﻛﺘــب اﻟﺘــ ارﺠم واﻟﺴـﻴر واﻻﻨﺴـﺎب ٬ وﻟﻬــم اﻟﻴــد

اﻟطوﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ .

ٕواذا ﻤـﺎ ﺘﺘﺒﻌﻨـﺎ ﻤـﺎ أﻨﺠـزﻩ اﻟﻌـرب اﻟﻤﺴـﻠﻤون ﻓـﻲ ﻫـذا اﻟﻤﺠـﺎﻝ ﻟﻤـﺎ اﺴـﺘوﻋﺒﺘﻪ ﻫـذﻩ اﻟﻤﻘدﻤـﺔ ٬
وﻟﻛﻨﻨﺎ ﻨﺴﺠﻝ ﺒﻔﺨر واﻋﺘ ازز ﻟﻠﻌرب اﻟذﻴن ﻛﺎﻨوا ﻴﻌﺘﻨون ﺒﺄﻨﺴﺎﺒﻬم ﻛﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﺘزون ﺒﻬﺎ ٬ وﻫذا أﻤـر ﺘﻔﺘﻘـر
اﻟﻴﻪ اﻟﺸﻌوب اﻷﺨرى اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟـﻴس ﻟﻬـﺎ ﻤـﺎ ٍض ﻤﺠﻴـد ﻛﻤﺎﻀـﻲ اﺠـدادﻨﺎ اﻟﻌظـﺎم . ﻓﻌﻨـدﻤﺎ ﺠـﺎء اﻻﺴـﻼم
ﺤﺎوﻝ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻝ ﻤن اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ وان اﻟوﻻء ﻫو ﻟﻼﺴﻼم ٬ ﻟﻛﻨﻪ اﻛد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻀرورة اﻟﻨﺴب واﻟﻌروﺒﺔ
. وﻫذا ﻤﺎ ظﻬر ﻟﻨﺎ ﺠﻠﻴﺎً ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﺼـﻨﻔﺎت اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﻨـﺎوﻝ ﻤـن ﺨﻼﻟﻬـﺎ اﻟﻌﻠﻤـﺎء اﻟﻌـرب اﻟﻤﺴـﻠﻤون ﺘﺴـﺠﻴﻝ
اﻟﺴﻴرة اﻟﻨﺒوﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻤـن ﺨﻼﻟﻬـﺎ اﺴـﺘوﺠب ﻋﻠـﻴﻬم ان ﻴﺘرﺠﻤـوا ﻟﻤـن أزر اﻟرﺴـوﻝ اﻟﻛـرﻴم ( ﺼـﻠﻰ اﷲ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ واﻟﻪ وﺴﻠم ) وﻨﺼرﻩ ﻤـن اﻟﺼـﺤﺎﺒﺔ أرﻀـﻰ اﷲ ﻋـﻨﻬم أﺠﻤﻌـﻴن ) ﻓﻠﻬـذا ظﻬـرت ﻛﺘـب اﻟﺘـ ارﺠم ٬
وﻨظ اًر ﻟوﺠود اﻷﺤﺎدﻴث اﻟﻨﺒوﻴﺔ اﻟﺸرﻴﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘب اﻟﺴﻴر ﺘطﻠﺒـت اﻟﺤﺎﺠـﺔ اﻟـﻰ اﻻﻋﺘﻨـﺎء ﺒﺎﻟﺴـﻨد اﻟـوارد

ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠك اﻻﺤﺎدﻴث اﻟﺸرﻴﻔﺔ وﻟﻬذا ظﻬر ﻋﻠم اﻟرﺠﺎﻝ وﻫو ﻋﻠم اﻟﺠرح واﻟﺘﻌدﻴﻝ .
ﺍﻟﺗﻐﻳﻳﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻧﻔﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺳﻣﺎﻟﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺭﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﺣﻳﺔ ﺷــﺭﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍء
Authors: د.ﻋﺒد اﻻﻤﻴر ﺤﺴن ﻋﻠﻲ  
Published: January 2024

ﺘﻌﺘﺒـر اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟدواﺌﻴـﺔ ﻤـن اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﺴـﺘ ارﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ وﻗـد اﺴـﺘطﺎﻋت ان ﺘﻨﻤـو

ﺒﺸــﻛﻝ ﻤﺴــﺘﻤر وان ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﺼــﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺘﺘﻤﻴــز ﺒﺨﺼــﺎﺌص واﻋﺘﺒــﺎ ارت ﻋــن ﻏﻴرﻫــﺎ ﻤــن

اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﺨـرى اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ و ﺒﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺎﻨـﻪ ﻋﻨـد د ارﺴـﺔ اي ﻤوﻀـوع ﻴﺘﻌﻠـق ﺒﺎﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺔ

اﻟدواﺌﻴﺔ ﻴﺠـب اﻟﺘرﻛﻴـز ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤﺠﻤوﻋـﺔ ﻋواﻤـﻝ ﺘﺠﻌـﻝ اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻤﺘﻤﻴـزة ﻨـذﻛر اﻨﻬـﺎ ﺘﺘطﻠـب

اﻨﻔﺎﻗﺎ ﻛﺒﻴ ار و وﻗﺘﺎ طوﻴﻼ و ﻨﻔﻘﺎت ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺠدا .

ﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻌواﻤـﻝ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺠﻌﻠﻬـﺎ ﺘﺘﻤﻴـز ان اﻟﺘﺴـوﻴق ﻴﻠﻌـب دو ار ﻫﺎﻤـﺎ ﺠـدا ﻓـﻲ
اﻨﺠـﺎح اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟدواﺌﻴـﺔ و ﻴﺨﺘﻠـف اﻟﺘﺴـوﻴق ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟدواﺌﻴـﺔ ﻋـن اﻟﺘﺴـوﻴق
ﻓــﻲ اﻟﺼــﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﺨــرى ﺤﻴــث ﺘﻌﺘﺒــر اﻟﺘﺴــوﻴق ﻋﻤﻠﻴــﺔ ﻤﻌﺘﻤــدة ﻓــﻲ اﻟﺼــﻨﺎﻋﺎت
اﻟدواﺌﻴﺔ و ﻴﻛﻤن اﻫم ﻋﺎﻤﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠك اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻛون ﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﻗ ارر اﻟﺸـ ارء ﻟﻠـدواء اﻟطﺒﻴـب و ﻟـﻴس
اﻟﻤرﻴض(اﻟﻤﺸـﺘري ) ﺒﺎﻻﻀـﺎﻓﺔ اﻟـﻰ اﻟﻤﺘطﻠﺒـﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻛﻔـﺎءات واﻟﻤﻬـﺎ ارت ﻟﻠﻌـﺎﻤﻠﻴن
ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺘﺴـوﻴق اﻟـدواﺌﻲ ﻟﻛـون اﻟـدواء ﺴـﻠﻌﺔ ﻫﺎﻤـﺔ وﻻ ﻴﻤﻛـن ﻤﻘﺎرﻨﺘﻬـﺎ ﻤـﻊ ﻏﻴرﻫـﺎ ﻤـن اﻟﺴـﻠﻊ ﻟـذا
ﻴﺘطﻠـب ﺘﺴـوﻴﻘﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻌرﻓـﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴـﺔ ﺒﺠﻤﻴـﻊ ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺘﻬـﺎ. ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺘﺘﻤﻴـز اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟدواﺌﻴـﺔ ﺒﺘﻌـدد
اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت و ﺘﻨوع ﺘﺸﻛﻴﻼﺘﻬﺎ و ﺘﻌﺘﺒر ﺴوق اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟدواﺌﻴـﺔ ﺴـوق ﺘﻨﺎﻓﺴـﻴﺔ ﺤـﺎدة وﺘﻠﻌـب
ﻋﻤﻠﻴــﺔ اﻟﺒﺤــث واﻟﺘطــوﻴر واﻟﺘﺴــوﻴق اﻟــدور اﻻﻛﺒــر ﻟﻠﺴــﻴطرة ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺴــوق ﻟــذﻟك ﺘﻌﺘﺒــر
اﻟﻘـ ار ارت اﻻﺴـﺘﺜﻤﺎرﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻫـذا اﻟﻘـﺎطﻊ ﻤـن اﻻﻫﻤﻴـﺔ ﻟﻛـﻝ ﻤـن اﻻدارة واﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺜﻤرﻴن ﻟﻛوﻨﻬـﺎ
ﺘﻨطوي ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻐﻴر ﻤﻠﻤوس ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎت اﻟ ارﺴﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ و ﻟﻛوﻨﻬﺎ ﻗ ار ارت ﻴﺼﻌب اﻟﻐـﺎء اﺜرﻫـﺎ دون

ﺨﺴﺎﺌر ﺠﺴﻴﻤﺔ واﺜرﻫﺎ اﻟﻤﺘوﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻرﺒﺎح و اﻟﺘدﻓﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻘدﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ اﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴﺎ.
The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Company Value in Industries Affected by Covid-19
Authors: Fatmasari Yuli , Hisamuddin Nur , Wardhaningrum Oktaviani Ari 
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This study aims to examine the effect of intellectual capital on company value in industries affected by covid-19 and to examine whether there are differences in intellectual capital between the two industries affected by covid-19.
Research Method - This research is quantitative research. The sample was selected based on a purposive sampling technique with certain criteria. After the sample selection process was carried out, it resulted in 62 total data samples obtained from 18 hotel, restaurant, and tourism industry companies and 13 health industry companies. The data covers the period from 2020-2021. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics with simple linear regression and different independent sample t-tests.
Findings - The results of the simple linear regression test show that intellectual capital has a significant effect on firm value. The results of the independent sample t-test show that there are differences between intellectual capital in the hotel, restaurant, and tourism industry and the health industry.
Implication - Company value is a representation of the state of a company, where potential investors will give a special assessment related to the good and bad performance of the company. Nevertheless, investors should consider the company’s intellectual capital too. Moreover, result of this research shows that the Covid-19 outbreaks make a significant difference to company value. Investors should take this into a concern in deciding investment decision.
Keywords: Intellectual Capital, Company Value, Covid-19