bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Structural Changes between Nickel(II)–Semiquinonato and Nickel(III)–Catecholato States Driven by Chemical and Physical Perturbation
Authors: Ohtsu Hideki , Tanaka Koji 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe selective synthesis of tetracoordinate square‐planar low‐spin nickel(II)–semiquinonato (NiII‐SQ) and nickel(III)–catecholato (NiIII‐Cat) complexes, 1 and 2, respectively, was achieved by using bidentate ligands with modulated nitrogen‐donor ability to the nickel ion. The electronic structures of 1 and 2 were revealed by XPS and EPR measurements. The absorption spectra of 1 and 2 in a noncoordinating solvent, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), are completely different from those in tetrahydrofuran (THF), being a coordinating solvent. As expected from this result, the gradual addition of N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF), which is also a coordinating solvent like THF, into a solution of 1 or 2 in CH2Cl2 leads to color changes from blue (for 1) and brown (for 2) to light green, which is the same color observed for solutions of 1 or 2 in THF. Furthermore, the same color changes are induced by varying the temperature. Such spectral changes are attributable to the transformation from square‐planar low‐spin NiII‐SQ and NiIII‐Cat complexes to octahedral high‐spin NiII‐SQ ones, caused by the coordination of two solvent molecules to the nickel ion.
An investigation of methods to improve input/output waveforms in matrix converters
Authors: Sung Kyungmin , Nakakoji Hajime , Kobayashi Kosuke , Sato Yukihiko 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe matrix converter is a three‐phase AC‐to‐AC direct converter without any energy storage requirement such as DC link capacitors. However, the matrix converter has some practical problems such as the necessity for bidirectional power devices, necessity for special commutation sequence, and complexity of the control method. Thus, there are no practical systems in which matrix converters are used. In this paper, the control strategy for matrix converters with basic configuration is investigated so as to realize practical matrix converters. First, the necessity of the phase detector for the input voltage and the output current sensor is pointed out from the viewpoint of realization of the basic operation. With these sensors required in the basic configuration, the instantaneous control of the output current is realized. It is also pointed out that three‐phase switching is effective in improving the input current waveforms. Some methods for implementation of three‐phase switching are proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed control methods is confirmed by some experimental results employing a test system. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 151(4): 55–64, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20031
Effects of hyperbaric oxygen exposure on experimental head and neck tumor growth, oxygenation, and vasculature
Authors: Shi Yuquan , Lee Caroline S. , Wu Junmin , Koch Cameron J. , Thom Stephen R. , Maity Amit , Bernhard Eric J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBackground.Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) is used to promote healing in irradiated tissues, but concern persists about the possibility that it may promote residual tumor growth.Methods.The tumor growth of SQ20B and Detroit 562 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma xenografts were studied after single‐dose irradiation and 5×/week HBO2 treatment at 2.4 atm absolute for 90 minutes. The effect of HBO2 treatment on tumor hypoxia and vasculature was also examined by immunohistochemical analysis.Results.HBO2 treatment increased tumor oxygenation during the treatment interval but did not promote the growth of either irradiated or unirradiated tumors. No increase in tumor vascular endothelial growth factor expression or vascularization was detected.Conclusions.This study found no evidence for persistent changes in tumor microenvironment or tumor growth promotion caused by hyperbaric oxygen exposure. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 27: XXX–XXX, 2005
Functional expression of TRAIL and TRAIL‐R2 during human megakaryocytic development
Authors: Melloni Elisabetta , Secchiero Paola , Celeghini Claudio , Campioni Diana , Grill Vittorio , Guidotti Lia , Zauli Giorgio 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe expression and function of surface TRAIL and TRAIL receptors were investigated in primary megakaryocytic cells, generated in serum‐free liquid phase from peripheral human CD34+ cells. The surface expression of both TRAIL and “death receptor” TRAIL‐R2 became detectable starting from the early phase of megakaryocytic differentiation (day 6 of culture) and persisted at later (days10–14) culture times. On the other hand, “death receptor” TRAIL‐R1, “decoy receptors” TRAIL‐R3, and TRAIL‐R4 were barely detectable or undetectable at any time point examined. Addition of recombinant TRAIL at day 6 of culture increased the rate of spontaneous apoptosis of CD34+/CD41dim megakaryoblasts and it significantly decreased the total output of mature megakaryocytic cells evaluated after additional 4–8 days of culture. Conversely, addition in culture of TRAIL‐R2‐Fc chimera, which blocked the interaction between endogenous TRAIL and TRAIL‐R2 on the surface of cultured megakaryocytic cells, increased the total megakaryocytic cell count. In addition, recombinant TRAIL promoted a small but reproducible increase of maturation in the surviving megakaryocytic cell population, evaluated by both phenotypic analysis and morphology. A similar pro‐maturation effect was observed when TRAIL was added to bone marrow‐derived CD61+ megakaryocytic cells. Thus, our data suggest a role of TRAIL as a regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temporal and spatial expression of TGF‐β2 in chicken somites during early embryonic development
Authors: Aramaki Shinya , Sato Fuminori , Soh Tomoki , Yamauchi Nobuhiko , Sakai Takafumi , Hattori Masa‐Aki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA multifunctional growth and differentiation factor TGF‐β is expressed at various developmental stages, and its principle role may be involvement in organogenesis. The present study was performed to evaluate the temporal and spatial expression of TGF‐β2 mRNA in developing somites of chicken embryos during their early developmental periods. TGF‐βs were expressed in various tissues of the whole embryo obtained at stage 26 (5 days of incubation) as revealed by whole‐mount in situ hybridization. TGF‐β2 mRNA was predominantly expressed in somites as well as the head, branchial arch, wing buds, and leg buds. TGF‐β2 mRNA first appeared in the rostral somites on E4, and its expression sites expanded to the middle range of somites at stage 26. At stages 29–31 (6–7 days), expression in the rostral somites disappeared, and it appeared in the caudal somites. TGF‐β2 expression was also analyzed in sections of the embryo by in situ hybridization. The expression sites of TGF‐β2 were clearly observed in the myotomal somite tips as well as the neural tube. RT‐PCR analysis showed that TGF‐β2 expression was very low in the blastocyte stage embryo and thereafter increased linearly in the whole trunk until stage 26. These data indicate that TGF‐β2 may be a regulatory factor participating in the somitogenesis of chicken embryos. J. Exp. Zool. 303A:323–330, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐efficiency stimulated Raman scattering from alcohols: theory and experiments
Authors: Echevarría Lorenzo , Rodríguez Luis , Karasiev Valentin , Piscitelli Vincent , Arístides Marcano O. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe coherent Raman emission from primary alcohols [CH3(CH2)nOH, n = 0–10], 2‐propyl alcohol and tert‐butyl alcohol was studied using a frequency‐doubled Nd:YAG pump laser (532 nm). We show that increases in the chain length (CH2 groups) and the number of CH3 groups in the alcohols (CH3 > CH2) enhance the Raman emission efficiency. Theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations and frequency scaling allow one to associate the vibrational wavenumbers with the molecular fragment responsible for the vibration. We obtained good agreement between the observed phenomena and the predictions of the theory. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The potential role of gap junction communication between cumulus cells and bovine oocytes during in vitro maturation
Authors: Atef Ali , François Paradis , Christian Vigneault , Marc‐André Sirard 
Published: April 2005

AbstractPreliminary studies in our laboratory have indicated that modulating cumulus expansion early or late during culture has a profound influence on the subsequent development of cumulus‐enclosed oocytes. Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of short term exposure to recombinant human follicle‐stimulating hormone (r‐hFSH) during in vitro maturation (IVM) on cumulus expansion and developmental competence of bovine oocytes. A highly significant (P < 0.0001) improvement in blastocyst development rate as a proportion of cleaved oocytes after IVM of oocytes was observed in the presence of r‐hFSH for the first 6 hr of culture. To demonstrate the importance of the functional coupling between the oocyte and the cumulus compartment during that period of 6 hr, cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured with r‐hFSH for the first 6 hr followed by 18 hr in presence of 1‐heptanol or 1‐octanol (gap junction inhibitors) to block the communication between the two. With the coupling inhibitors, the blastocyst yield was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). A brief treatment (30 min) with the weak base methylamine, known to reverse the gap junction inhibitors effect, significantly (P < 0.05) reversed the inhibitory action of these agents on the blastocyst rate. Gap junction communication between the oocyte and surrounding cumulus cells was further studied using microinjection of the fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow. Morphological evidences (dye transfer) were obtained that support the presence of functional coupling for a longer period with the FSH short exposure. In conclusion, high developmental rates of bovine oocytes can be achieved with a short exposure to r‐hFSH. This effect is believed to be mediated through gap junctions as developmental competence of oocytes is compromised by the inhibition of their function. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pregnancy associated glycoprotein‐1, ‐6, ‐7, and ‐17 are major products of bovine binucleate trophoblast giant cells at midpregnancy
Authors: Klisch Karl , De Sousa Noelita Melo , Beckers Jean‐FranÇois , Leiser Rudolf , Pich Andreas 
Published: April 2005

AbstractPregnancy associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are extensively glycosylated secretory proteins of ruminant trophoblast cells. In cattle placenta several PAG cDNAs are expressed, but the variety of correspondent proteins and their degree of glycosylation are not well characterized. Thus, we purified PAGs by using a protocol which included a lectin (Vicia villosa agglutinin) affinity chromatography. Due to their specific glycosylation pattern, PAGs derived from binucleate trophoblast giant cells were highly enriched by this protocol. PAGs were purified from cotyledons of 2 day 100 placentas and from a single placenta at day 155 and 180. In all samples three major bands (75; 66; 56 kDa) were detected by one‐dimensional SDS–PAGE. Mass‐spectrometric analysis identified the 75 kDa band as a mixture of PAG‐7 and PAG‐6, the 66 kDa band as PAG‐1 and the 56 kDa band as PAG‐17. N‐terminal sequencing of the day 100 sample confirmed the mass spectrometric identifications. Enzymatic release of N‐glycans with peptide‐N‐glycanase‐F from PAGs reduced the molecular weight to approximately 37 kDa which corresponds to the theoretical molecular mass of PAGs. Limited peptide‐N‐glycanase‐F treatment revealed that all four N‐glycosylation sites are quantitatively occupied in PAG‐1. Compared to PAG‐1 the number of potential N‐glycosylation sites is lower in PAG‐17 (three sites) and higher in PAG‐6 and ‐7 (five and six sites, respectively). This suggests that the number of attached N‐glycans is the main determinant of molecular mass of bovine PAGs. The degree of glycosylation may be a major factor regulating the plasma half life of PAGs. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential Trk expression in explant and dissociated trigeminal ganglion cell cultures
Authors: Genç Barış , Ulupınar Emel , Erzurumlu Reha S. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractDuring embryonic development, expression of neurotrophin receptor tyrosine kinases (Trks) by sensory ganglia is continuously and dynamically regulated. Neurotrophin signaling promotes selective survival and axonal differentiation of sensory neurons. In embryonic day (E) 15 rat trigeminal ganglion (TG), NGF receptor TrkA is expressed by small diameter neurons, NT‐3 receptor TrkC and BDNF receptor TrkB are expressed by large diameter neurons. Organotypic explant and dissociated cell cultures of the TG (and dorsal root ganglia) are commonly used to assay neurotrophin effects on developing sensory neurons. In this study, we compared Trk expression in E15 rat TG explant and dissociated cell cultures with or without neurotrophin treatment. Only a subset of TG cells express each of the three Trk receptors in wholemount explant cultures as in vivo conditions. In contrast, all TG neurons co‐express all three Trk receptors upon dissociation, regardless of neurotrophin treatment. Neurons cultured in low concentrations of one neurotrophin first, and switched to higher concentrations of another after 1 day, survive and display morphological characteristics of neurons cultured in a mixture of both neurotrophins for 3 days. Our results indicate that wholemount explant cultures of sensory ganglia represent in vivo conditions in terms of Trk expression patterns; whereas dissociation dramatically alters Trk expression by primary sensory neurons. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Neurobiol, 2005
Pathology of radiation and anthracycline cardiotoxicity
Authors: Berry Gerald J. , Jorden Michelle 
Published: April 2005

AbstractRadiation‐induced heart disease (RIHD) and anthracycline cardiotoxicity are two patterns of cardiac dysfunction caused by therapeutic interventions to treat malignancies. They occur in both the pediatric and adult populations and there is evidence to suggest that pediatric patients are at greater risk. This is due in part to the longer survival rates but also reflects increased susceptibility to the attendant complications caused by both therapies. Radiation can cause injury to all the components of the heart, including the vasculature, while anthracycline toxicity is generally limited to the myocardium. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;44:630–637. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A structural alphabet for local protein structures: Improved prediction methods
Authors: Etchebest Catherine , Benros Cristina , Hazout Serge , de Brevern Alexandre G. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThree‐dimensional protein structures can be described with a library of 3D fragments that define a structural alphabet. We have previously proposed such an alphabet, composed of 16 patterns of five consecutive amino acids, called Protein Blocks (PBs). These PBs have been used to describe protein backbones and to predict local structures from protein sequences. The Q16 prediction rate reaches 40.7% with an optimization procedure. This article examines two aspects of PBs. First, we determine the effect of the enlargement of databanks on their definition. The results show that the geometrical features of the different PBs are preserved (local RMSD value equal to 0.41 Å on average) and sequence–structure specificities reinforced when databanks are enlarged. Second, we improve the methods for optimizing PB predictions from sequences, revisiting the optimization procedure and exploring different local prediction strategies. Use of a statistical optimization procedure for the sequence–local structure relation improves prediction accuracy by 8% (Q16 = 48.7%). Better recognition of repetitive structures occurs without losing the prediction efficiency of the other local folds. Adding secondary structure prediction improved the accuracy of Q16 by only 1%. An entropy index (Neq), strongly related to the RMSD value of the difference between predicted PBs and true local structures, is proposed to estimate prediction quality. The Neq is linearly correlated with the Q16 prediction rate distributions, computed for a large set of proteins. An “expected” prediction rate QE16 is deduced with a mean error of 5%. Proteins 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Defending OSHA facility siting citations: Issues and recommendations
Authors: Dreux Esq. Mark S. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractSince the Process Safety Management Standard was promulgated, industry has struggled with how to effectively and feasibly comply with the facility siting provision of the Standard. This issue is very complex and involves various industry guidance documents, good engineering practices, and the exercise of professional judgment. Many facets of the issue are evolving and subject to continuous debate within industry. For example, should qualitative or quantitative risk analysis be used? Should credible or worst‐case scenarios be used? Should occupancy criteria be 200 or 400 man hours per week? Should control rooms be moved or reinforced? Because the PSM Standard is a performance standard, industry and individual employers have a great deal of discretion in resolving these issues. This editorial discusses these issues from a lawyer's perspective and includes recommendations. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2005
Two‐photon induced three‐dimensional optical data storage in PMMA films doped with a novel dye
Authors: Guo F. Q. , Tang H. H. , Guo R. , Zhang Q. J. , Huang W. H. , Xia A. D. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractOne‐photon and two‐photon spectroscopic properties of a novel two‐photon dye doped polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were reported. High‐density three‐dimensional (3D) optical data storage was achieved by photobleaching two‐photon fluorescence in the dye‐doped PMMA film with data storage storage density as high as 14 Gbits/cm3 theoretically. Photobleaching decay kinetics at different excitation intensity reveal that the mechanism of two‐photon photobleaching process concerns the action of three photons. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A prospective study of ultrasound screening for molar pregnancies in missed miscarriages
Authors: Johns J. , Greenwold N. , Buckley S. , Jauniaux E. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between ultrasound and histological features in the screening for molar changes in missed miscarriage.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted on all missed miscarriages, with features suspicious of molar pregnancy, on transvaginal ultrasound and/or on histological examination over a 5‐year period. All cases of molar pregnancy diagnosed histologically were examined and cross‐referenced with cases diagnosed on ultrasound and with the supplementary report from the regional referral center. When available, maternal serum β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels were recorded.ResultsFifty‐one cases of suspected molar pregnancy were referred to the regional center for further histological opinion and follow‐up, and five cases were subsequently excluded from the final analysis because of the diagnosis of hydropic abortion (HA). In 33 cases a molar pregnancy was suspected at the initial scan. Of these, 26 (78.8%) were confirmed on histology, resulting in a 56% detection rate using ultrasound alone. In 15 cases hCG results were available, of which nine were greater than two multiples of the median.ConclusionsThe diagnosis of both complete (CHM) and partial (PHM) hydatidiform moles in first‐trimester miscarriages is difficult. hCG is significantly higher in both CHM and PHM and, in conjunction with transvaginal ultrasound, could provide the screening test required to enable clinicians to counsel women more confidently towards non‐surgical methods of management of their miscarriage, where histopathological examination is not available. Copyright © 2005 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Illness behaviour in neurological inpatients with psychiatric morbidity
Authors: Lykouras Lefteris , Vassiliadou Maria , Adrachta Dora , Voulgari Argyro , Kalfakis Nikos , Soldatos Constantine R. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractObjective.The aim of the present study was to examine whether psychiatric morbidity can influence the type of illness behaviour of neurological inpatients.Methods.For this purpose, we compared neurological inpatients with and without psychiatric disorders (DSM-IIIR criteria) for the seven scales of Illness Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ) and searched for possible differences between the two patient subgroups.Results.Of the 105 neurological inpatients who participated in the study, 54 (51.4%) were diagnosed as having some type of psychiatric disorder. These patients scored significantly higher than patients without psychiatric morbidity in the scale of Irritability. A suggestive trend for higher scores in the scales of Hypochondriasis, Disease Conviction, and Affective Disturbance, and significantly lower score in the scale of Denial, in patients with psychiatric morbidity, were also found.Conclusion.The present study has shown that neurological inpatients with psychiatric morbidity tend to develop more intense illness behaviour than those without. The effect of psychiatric morbidity on certain components of illness behaviour in neurological patients can be taken into account when therapeutic strategies are planned.
The recreational fishery off Majorca Island (western Mediterranean): some implications for coastal resource management
Authors: Morales-Nin Beatriz , Moranta Joan , García Cristina , Tugores María Pilar , Grau Antoni Maria , Riera Francisco , Cerdà Margalida 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
The sociology and habits of recreational anglers on the Island of Majorca (western Mediterranean) were evaluated using telephone and on-site surveys, as well as fishing logbooks and recreational fishing competitions. The recreational fishery is one of the island's main leisure activities, 5.14% of the population (37 265 people) participating. Enthusiasts tend to be mainly middle class (most anglers own boats moored at marinas), middle-aged males (90% male, mean age 46 ± 2 years). The most popular fishing method is from a boat (62.9%), followed by fishing from shore (32.4%), and spearfishing (3.6%). The mean time spent fishing is 3.86 ± 0.03 h d−1, and more than one type of gear (mean 1.27 ± 0.21) is used simultaneously by a single angler. The frequency of fishing is 4–6 times per month, mainly on holidays and weekends, increasing in summer. The activity has a sizeable impact on the coastal fauna, with diverse catches of at least 1209.25 t year−1 (about 615 000 fishing outings year−1). Thus, the amount of carbon extracted annually is at least 137.34 kg C km−2 year−1, and the recreational fishery removes about 31% of production at trophic level 4. Although these are gross estimates and more detailed study of the effect on trophic level and local production is needed, the values do highlight the pressure the recreational fishery exerts on coastal fish communities. Assuming that this level of exploitation is common to north-shore Mediterranean countries, there may be cause for concern about sustainable exploitation in the recreational fishery, and the effectiveness of current protection measures is discussed. Despite the limitations of the study, recreational fisheries clearly should be taken into account when considering measures for fisheries management. Moreover, fishing has considerable social import, and the benefits must be taken into account when investments to protect exploited resources are being contemplated.