bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Quality of Canal Obturation Using the Continuous Wave Method after Shaping with Different NiTi Rotary Instruments by Micro-CT
Authors: Junior Adirson Jorge , Gelio Mariana Bena , Galvani Lucas David , Monteiro Jardel Camilo do Carmo , Zaniboni Joissi Ferrari , Neto Paulo Fermino da Costa , Almeida Bernardo Mattos , Kuga Milton Carlos 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective The aim of this article was to evaluate the influence of mesial root canal preparation of mandibular molars with the reciprocal systems (RCP) and self-adjusting file (SAF) in the incidence of voids spaces in endodontic obturation performed by modified continuous wave compaction (MCWC) technique, through images obtained in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).
Materials and Methods Mesial roots of 15 mandibular molars, with two independent root canals, were divided into three groups (n = 5/roots), according to the endodontic instrumentation strategy (RCP, SAF, and twisted file [TWF]). After the root canals (n = 10, for each instrumentation system) were filled with MCWC, images of each specimen were obtained by micro-CT followed by three-dimensional reconstruction. The percentage of voids was obtained (in mm3) in relation of the total volume, cervical–middle, and apical thirds.
Statistical Analysis The data obtained were submitted to statistical analysis by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests (p < 0.05).
Results With respect to the total volume of root canal, TWF demonstrated a lower percentage in comparison to SAF (p < 0.05). No significant difference was obtained between TWF and RCP or RCP and SAF (p > 0.05). In the apical third, RCP showed a smaller percentage of voids when compared with SAF (p < 0.05); however, TWF demonstrated similarity with RCP and SAF (p > 0.05). The middle–cervical third exhibited no statistically difference between TWF and RCP or RCP and SAF (p > 0.05), whereas TWF was lower than SAF (p < 0.05).
Conclusion Root canal preparation of mesial root of mandibular molars with TWF provides a lower incidence of voids in the endodontic filling performed by MCWC.
Effect of Plasma Fibrinogen Levels on the Risk of Stroke in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Daugaard Nicoline , Bladbjerg Else-Marie , Maat Moniek P.M. de , Münster Anna-Marie Bloch 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aims In this systematic review, we assessed the literature on the association between fibrinogen levels and stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods MEDLINE and Ovid searches of English reports were performed on the relation between fibrinogen, stroke, and T2D in humans. The search was completed on May 4, 2023. Studies were eligible when T2D patients ≥18 years had stroke confirmed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, plasma fibrinogen was measured, and a relation between fibrinogen and stroke in T2D patients was reported. Screening of reports and extraction of data were done independently by two authors, and study quality was assessed by predefined issues.
Results Five studies of different designs were included. Three studies reported on significantly increased fibrinogen levels in T2D patients with stroke compared with T2D patients without stroke. Two studies did not observe a significant association between fibrinogen levels and stroke risk.
Conclusion No consistent association was observed between fibrinogen levels and risk of stroke in T2D patients. Due to differences in study design, low sample size, and poorly defined study participants, larger and better-defined studies are needed to elucidate the role of fibrinogen as a stroke risk marker in T2D patients.
Increasing Use of Total Wrist Arthroplasty—An Australian National Joint Registry Report
Authors: Taylor Fraser , Gilpin Bradley David , Sivakumar Brahman Shankar , Holder Carl , Page Richard , Graham David James 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and Purpose There is limited literature reporting the long-term results and outcomes of total wrist arthroplasty (TWA). The aim of this study was to describe the incidence, usage, and survival of wrist arthroplasty using data from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR).
Methods Data included all primary TWA procedures from 2006 to 2021. The primary outcome assessed was revision surgery. Utilization of TWA, etiology leading to TWA, patient demographics, and surgical factors were also assessed.
Results There were 439 primary TWA procedures performed across the 16-year reporting period. Four prostheses (Motec, Universal 2, Freedom, and ReMotion) have been used, with a recent increased usage toward the Motec, which accounted for 97.4% of prostheses implanted in 2021. There has also been an increase in the number of surgeons performing TWA over time. The most common underlying etiology was osteoarthritis (72.7%), followed by rheumatoid arthritis (15.9%). Implantation for inflammatory arthropathy remained relatively constant across time; however, TWA has been utilized with increasing frequency for the treatment of osteoarthritis and other indications more recently. The cumulative percent revision at 10 years was 18.3%. Loosening accounted for 25.6% of all revisions, followed by osteolysis (12.8%), pain (12.8%), and instability (7.7%). Attempted conversion to an arthrodesis occurred in 10.3% of all revisions.
Conclusion There has been an increase in both the volume of TWA performed and the number of surgeons undertaking this procedure in Australia over the past 16 years. The Motec system has become the prosthesis of choice. Medium-term revision rates are inferior when compared with Australian data for hip, knee, and shoulder arthroplasty.
A Jehovah's Witness Patient with Polytrauma: Deontology, Law, and Faith
Authors: Gali Yagna Munesh , Reddy K. Subba , Alam M.I. , Ratnam B.G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPolytrauma involving traumatic brain injury poses serious threats like hemorrhagic shock and consumption coagulopathy. Blood and blood components are a necessity for maintenance of homeostasis in these patients. Elizabeth Topley and R. Clarke, in their study, demonstrated a considerable drop in red cell volume following a major trauma, nearly 11% in the next 14 days. Use of extensive perioperative blood salvage techniques, recombinant erythropoietin, iron complex injections, and antifibrinolytic agents cannot replace the benefits of blood and blood component transfusion. The real challenge of blood transfusion arises in Jehovah's Witness (JW) patients where a licensed medical practitioner (LMP) is caught in the loop of protecting the sanctity of faith over saving a patient's life. This case report highlights the successful management of a 19-year-old JW patient without transfusion of blood or blood products despite an absolute indication for transfusion. We also discuss the legal and ethical perspectives necessary for a legal medical practitioner, when treating patients of JW faith.
Neglected Cervical Facet Dislocation without Neurological Deficit: A Simple Solution to a Complex Problem—A Case Series and Review
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Rai Ankit , Dhatt Sarvdeep Singh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCervical facet dislocation is a disastrous injury. Delayed presentation is not uncommon owing to various reasons in developing countries. Autofusion and a halt in progression are seen in spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Conservative treatment with close observation can be offered to the carefully selected patients with neglected cervical facet dislocations with intact neurology, as the injury is stable after autofusion. We registered eight male patients with cervical facet dislocation with delayed presentation for various reasons. Dynamic radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were done to rule out any instability, cord compression, or bony fusion. Patients were followed up for 6 months clinically and radiologically. A total of eight patients presented with cervical facet dislocation, with a mean delay in presentation of 33 weeks (range: 14–54 weeks). Postinjury, all the patients were neurologically intact, with the only complaint of cervical pain at presentation. Dynamic radiographs did not show any instability. No cord compression or changes were noted on the MRI. Conservative management was advised for all eight patients. A subsequent follow-up CT scan demonstrated bony fusion at the dislocated facets in three of these patients. All the patients remained neurologically intact, with no further progression of the deformity. Surgical management is the mainstay of treatment for neglected facet dislocations. A combined approach has been advocated in most of the studies for proper reduction and alignment in these cases, which is quite extensive and has its own morbidity. A trial of conservative treatment can be offered to selected patients with intact neurology.
Determining the Normal Glenoid Version in the Indian Population
Authors: Sonve Ashwini Sankhe , Joshi Anagha Rajeev , Rai Pareekshith R. , Achhapalia Yash 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Glenoid version refers to the angle subtended by the glenoid with the scapula. On average, it is 0 ± 10 degrees with a slight propensity toward retroversion. Numerous factors such the dominance(handedness), gender, ethnicity, and pathology are known to affect version. Version has important consequences on the biomechanics of the shoulder joint and is altered in those with arthritis and shoulder joint instability.
Aim Our study aimed to determine the normal range of glenoid version in the population. Further, we aim to assess the relationship between gender and version.
Settings and Design We conducted a retrospective observational study in a tertiary referral hospital with a target sample size of 200 shoulders.
Methods and Materials The computed tomography images were retrospectively reviewed to determine the scapular shape and the glenoid version angle.
Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v.22 software with p-value less than 0.05 considered as significant.
Results The mean age of the individuals in our study was 44 years. In our study, irrespective of gender, most individuals had some degree of anteversion and males had lower degree of anteversion. Previous studies have shown that most normal individuals usually have retroverted shoulder joints. The mean glenoid version was significantly lower in the right than in the left shoulder and males had significantly lower mean glenoid version than females in both shoulders. Most individuals in our study had a flat scapular spine.
Conclusion This study shows that the Indian population may have a slight propensity toward anteversion and this has an important bearing on shoulder arthroplasty. Further, this study shows that significantly lower degrees of version are found on the right side and that the degree of version is significantly lower in males. Understanding the role of glenoid version in shoulder biomechanics will go a long way in the early identification of pathology, the preoperative planning of shoulder arthroplasty, and the operative restoration of a functional shoulder joint.
Massive Craniocerebral Wound Reconstruction Using Fascia Lata Graft: A Case Report and Technical Note
Authors: Champeaux Depond Charles , Bernat Anne-Laure , Metellus Philippe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPenetrating head injury is rare and, their management is nonstandard with persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage being possibly challenging to treat. A 34-year-old man with no past medical history was referred in emergency room for an impressive accidental penetrating craniocerebral wound through which the brain was extruding due to the raised intracranial pressure. Computed tomography scan showed a comminuted frontal fracture extended to the anterior skull base and a severe bifrontal lobe concussion with a diffuse intracranial hemorrhage. A debridement and washout of the craniocerebral wound were achieved with careful hemostasis followed by a decompressive craniectomy. Fortunately, the patient survived but, the CSF continued to leak through the anterior skull base fracture with no endoscopic treatment possibility. Fifteen days after the initial trauma, a surgical sealing was decided using a large fascia lata sheath harvested on the right thigh by a “S”-shaped incision. A significant piece of fascia lata was cut off and meticulously sutured to the remaining dura mater rims in double-layered watertight fashion. Both cranial and right thigh wounds healed uneventfully and the CSF leak never reoccurred. Twenty-two weeks after the initial trauma, a custom-made titanium cranioplasty was inserted without any dissection difficulty. In case of persistent CSF leakage not amenable to endonasal endoscopic treatment, the use of a large piece of facia lata harvested on the thigh using an “S”-shaped incision is a simple, reliable way to efficiently repair a large dura mater defect. It requires neither special skills nor sophisticated instruments.
Real-World Experiences of Next-Generation Sequencing in Oncology: From an Indian Multicenter Registry and Collaborative Centers
Authors: Philips Ashwin Oommen , Panda Soumya Surath , Cyriac Sunu , Moharana Lalatendu , Kilaru Sindhu , Kolluri Spoorty , Rathnam Krishnakumar , Saju S.V. , Raju Honey Susan , Kayal Smita , Biswajit Dubashi , Sehrawat Amit , Sundriyal Deepak , Jose Anil T. , Raju Sreeja , Paul Preethi , Ganesan Prasanth 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background The integration of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in guiding personalized therapy for oncology faces the challenges, primarily, of cost and drug accessibility. Limited data from Indian academic centers accentuate the need for comprehensive insights into the real-world applications of NGS in oncology.
Methods The Network of Oncology Clinical Trials in India (NOCI), accessible at www.noci-india.com, compiled data on patients who underwent NGS for solid organ cancers from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. This study aimed to elucidate the testing indications, sample types analyzed, and the resultant impact on patient care.
Results Analysis of data from six centers included 278 subjects, with 24 specimens (9%) excluded due to quality test failure. Tissue constituted 59.7% of specimens, blood 38.5%, and both 1.8%. Predominantly, NGS was employed for identifying BRCA1/2 mutations (56%) and for targeted therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC; 28%). Only 41 (16%) patients with other cancers underwent multigene NGS panels in pursuit of targetable mutations. Among them, 13 exhibited targetable mutations, and 3 received treatment based on NGS findings.
Conclusion This study underscores that the majority of NGS applications focused on screening for BRCA1/2 mutations and identifying targetable mutations in NSCLC. However, among those undergoing NGS for advanced cancers, only a limited number received personalized therapy. The findings underscore the challenges of utilizing NGS in off-label indications within resource-constrained settings.
Fraturas periprotéticas do fêmur no peroperatório das artroplastias totais primárias do quadril
Authors: Trentini Conrado Auer , Balsano Marcela de Andrade , Deeke Mark , Zaniolo Francisco José 
Published: January 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Determinar a incidência de fraturas periprotéticas do fêmur no peroperatório em artroplastias primárias do quadril e correlacioná-las com os fatores de risco inerentes aos pacientes, implantes e ao diagnóstico de coxoartrose e/ou fratura do colo do fêmur.
Métodos Estudo transversal, com análise retrospectiva de prontuários e exames de imagem de arquivos dos pacientes operados entre 2014 e 2019. As variáveis analisadas seguiram o proposto pela literatura mundial, sendo elas: idade, sexo, índice de Dorr, indicação cirúrgica, classificação de Vancouver, local, tipo de fixação (cimentada ou não cimentada), modelo do implante utilizado, diagnóstico intraoperatório e tratamento instituído. Todas as cirurgias utilizaram a mesma via de acesso póstero-lateral e foram realizadas pelo mesmo grupo de cirurgiões.
Resultados Dentro da amostra de 2.217 artroplastias (2.154 pacientes) foram identificadas 12 fraturas (0,56%) em 12 pacientes. A amostra foi composta por 8 pacientes do gênero feminino e 4 do gênero masculino, com média de idade de 62,53 anos. Em todos os casos diagnosticados foram adicionadas cerclagens de proteção ao nível do pequeno trocanter e ou do grande trocanter e em 3 casos houve mudança de hastes femorais não cimentadas para cimentadas e apenas 1 evoluiu com necessidade de revisão.
Conclusão A análise dos dados permite afirmar que o risco de fratura periprotética intraoperatória é maior em mulheres e com o uso de hastes não cimentadas. A ocorrência destas neste estudo teve taxa inferior a 1%.
Examining One-Star Reviews in Orthopaedic Hand Surgeons in Large U.S. Cities
Authors: Hitchman Kyle J. , Anastasio Albert T. , Baumann Anthony N. , Welch Sarah E. , Walley Kempland C. , Klifto Christopher S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction Physician-review websites are a commonly used resource by patients when choosing a surgeon. While data exist regarding some surgical specialties, no study has examined negative one-star reviews for orthopaedic-trained hand surgeons. The goal of this study was to investigate one-star reviews regarding orthopaedic-trained hand and upper extremity surgeons in the 10 largest cities in the United States to determine the associated factors behind unsatisfied patients to improve patient care.
Methods Patient reviews and narratives of orthopaedic-trained hand surgeons were collected from the 10 largest cities in the United States using Vitals.com. One-star reviews (out of a five-star maximum) with comments were identified and classified as operative or nonoperative. These reviews were further subclassified based on the nature of the comment.
Results A total of 830 one-star reviews with 1,662 complaints were included in this study. Of these complaints, 557 (33.5%) were from patients who received operative care and 1,105 (66.5%) were from nonoperative care patients. Nonoperative patient one-star reviews had a significantly higher proportion of complaints related to bedside manners (37.6 to 19.6%, p < 0.001), not enough time spent with the provider (18.1 to 4.5%, p < 0.001), and wait time (13.3 to 3.2%, p < 0.001) as compared with operative patient one-star reviews. Operative patient one-star reviews had a higher proportion of complaints related to disagreement with the physician's decision or plan (15.6 to 10.2%, p = 0.002); uncontrolled pain (14.4 to 7.9%, p < 0.001); and medical staff or institution (17.2 to 12.9%, p = 0.018) as compared with nonoperative patients.
Discussion Most one-star reviews regarding orthopaedic-trained hand surgeons referenced nonclinical components—bedside manner was the most common complaint. It was determined that surgical patients were less likely to leave a one-star review; however, if they did, the most common complaint was in reference to a disagreement with the physician's decision or uncontrolled pain postoperatively.
Type of Study Outcomes 2c.
Association of Posterior Horn Meniscus Tears with Obesity: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Siller Ryan L. , Raja Hamza , Lindeman Robert W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOur study aims to determine the association between obesity and meniscal tears involving the posterior third of the medial meniscus and meniscal root tears. We conducted a 3-year retrospective review of isolated operatively treated meniscal injuries in adult patients performed by a single surgeon. Cases with concomitant pathology were excluded. Patient demographics, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded and compared against location of meniscus tear noted via magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic imaging. Eighty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria, of which 65.2% were obese (BMI > 30) and 10.1% were morbidly obese (BMI > 40). Average BMI across all patients was 32.6 ± 6.7. Forty-four patients had a tear involving the posterior horn of the medial meniscus, including 20 involving the meniscal root. The average BMI of patients with tears involving the meniscal root was 35.7 ± 6. There was a statistically significant association between type of meniscus tear and BMI as well as height. Obese patients were more likely to have a posterior horn of the medial meniscus tear (odds ratio [OR]: 1.59) and meniscal root tear (OR: 124.67), as were morbidly obese patients (OR: 2.21 and 5.41, respectively). Elevated BMI is associated with posterior horn of the medial meniscus tear. Obesity and morbid obesity are strongly associated with meniscal root tears and tears included in the posterior third of the medial meniscus.
Blondel’s African Presidential Republics: proof presidentialism can perform even in the most challenging contexts?
Authors: Cheeseman Nic 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe debate on the ‘perils of presidentialism’ has been raging for over 30 years and gone through at least three waves. It began with the influential work of Juan Linz and most recently has seen the emergence of a rich literature on coalitional presidentialism, which has demonstrated the capacity of presidents to manage fragmented multi-party legislatures, and hence overcome the dangers of political deadlock. Jean Blondel’s last book (African Presidential Republics, Oxford, Routledge, 2019) belongs to this latest wave in the sense that he argues that presidential systems can overcome their limitations, and that certain aspects of the presidential models actually give them an advantage over parliamentary equivalents. This article reviews Blondel’s argument against the latest developments in African politics. I suggest that there are fewer instances of positive presidentialism today than Blondel hoped for, in part because democratic progress has often proved to be particularly vulnerable to later autocratization due to a tendency not to entrench gains via constitutional reforms. Despite this cautionary note, however, I conclude that Blondel is right to reject the idea that African cases provide support for the ‘perils of presidentialism’. This is not only because Blondel highlights a number of presidents who played a benign or positive role in their country’s political development, but also because the coalitional presidentialism literature suggests that there is little evidence that parliamentary systems would perform significantly better.
A self-powered triboelectric sensor for basketball monitoring
Authors: Yang Hailin , Zhang Shuai , Li Jianghua 
Published: January 2024

Recently, flexible sensors have attracted attention in sports monitoring. Here, we developed a novel PDMS@MXene@BaTiO3-based triboelectric nanogenerator (PMB-TENG) by using various processing techniques, including ion treatment and dielectric regulation, for energy harvesting and basketball motion sensing. The polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film has achieved improved triboelectric properties through ion treatment. The pressed PET film and PDMS@MXene@BaTiO3 film serve as the triboelectric layers. In detail, the improvement in the PMB-TENG output in open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Isc), and transferred charge (Qsc) was more than 5.2 times (from 31.2 to 164.4 V), 4.4 times (from 0.96 to 4.08 µA), and 3.1 times (from 9.72 to 31.2 nC), respectively, which demonstrates the function of ion modification. When the resistance value of the load reaches 70 MΩ, the output power of the PMB-TENG reaches its maximum of 2.4 W/m2. The PMB-TENG can be installed on the foot, knee, and wrist to monitor the human posture in basketball. This research will promote the development of basketball monitoring equipment.