bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of liver and renal function tests together with histopathological alterations in rabbits infected with a virulent strain of Proteus vulgaris
Authors: Mahmood Hammadi Khalid 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Gram-negative bacterium Proteus vulgaris is found in animal and human guts. This bacterium can cause renal and vesical calculi, septicemia, and wound infection-related pyrexia. Antibiotics may not cure respiratory infections. This study infected rabbits with a virulent strain of P. vulgaris from bovine mastitis to examine metabolic and histological changes in various organs.

Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on twenty domestic rabbits of both sexes which were divided into two groups. The first group received 1010 CFU\ml\ of virulent Proteus vulgaris subcutaneously. While the second group (control) received subcutaneously 1 cc of phosphate buffered saline (pH = 7.2). On 3,7, 14 days of infection, the animals were checked for their biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, ALP, blood urea and creatinine). Histological alterations in various organs were also studied.

Results: The infected group showed substantial increases (P0.01) in liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP) at 3, 7, and 14 days compared to the control group. In contrast, the infected group showed a substantial rise (P 0.01) in blood urea and creatinine levels at 3, 7, and 14 days compared to pre-infection levels and the control group. Histological analysis of lung tissue showed dilated alveolar gaps with hemorrhagic and fibrinous exudates and many alveolar macrophages. These findings included pulmonary vasodilation and congestion. Intramuscular edema, cellular infiltration, intramuscular hemorrhage, and congestion was present in heart tissue with little muscle fiber separation. The intestines had significant patch proliferation and mononuclear cell infiltration. Blood vascular congestion and mononuclear cell infiltration were also seen in the liver and kidney.

Conclusion: Experimental infection with pathogenic bacterium Proteus vulgaris raised rabbits' blood urea, creatinine, and liver enzymes AST, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase. Cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, intestinal, and pulmonary tissues showed significant postmortem changes.
Frequency of Subclinical Hypothyroidsim Among Patients with end Stage Renal Disease on Hemodialysis Presenting to A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Wajid Abdullah  , Salman Tahir Shafi  , Irfan Ahmad  , Sana Ashraf  
Published: November 2023

Objective: Aim of this study was to determine the frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism among patients with end stage renal disease presenting to tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Nephrology, Sharif Medical City Hospital, Lahore. Pakistan, from Mar 2020 toDec 2020.
Methodology: A total of 200 cases studied. Informed consent was obtained from them. Data was noted in the proforma. Using aseptic techniques blood sample was taken for testing serum TSH and free T4 levels through radioimmunoassay. Results were collected by the researcher next day and were labeled and noted as subclinical hypothyroidism according to its clinical definition. Privacy of the data was maintained.
Results: In 200 study cases age interval was 15-80 years with mean age of 46.22±19.67 years. The minimum Serum TSH level was 4.1 and maximum was 4.6 with mean serum TSH level was 4.31±0.16. The minimum Serum T4 levels was 0.5 and maximum was 2.1 with mean Serum T4 levels was 1.28±0.68. Duration of chronic kidney disease was 3-60 months with mean duration of 17.58±14.14 months. It was observed that there were 56.5% male patients while females were 43.5%. Subclinical Hypothyroidism was present in 9.5% patients with ESRD reporting to tertiary care hospital while it was absent in 90.5% patients.
Conclusion: The frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism was found as 9.5% among patients with end stage renal disease presenting to tertiary care hospital.
Students’ E-complaints on the Promises and Pitfalls of Blended Learning: A Socio-Pragmatic Analysis
Authors: Banguis Justin , Divino Presley Fortes , Jay O. Syting Christian , Maintang Karl Christian 
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to identify the linguistic make up of the 100 students’ e-complaints related to blended learning in the Philippines. The impoliteness strategies and how they are being used in each complaint were unraveled through a socio-pragmatic analysis. Furthermore, the study also examined what politeness strategies were violated in their complaints. In terms of impoliteness strategies, it involves the following: bald on record impoliteness, asserting, claiming, commanding, complaining, deploring, describing, explaining, planning, questioning, and suggesting; mock politeness, commanding, describing, questioning, requesting, stating, and suggesting; negative politeness, asserting, deploring, suggesting; positive politeness, stating, and swearing. On the other hand, the politeness strategies violated include bald on record politeness, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record politeness. This study demonstrates the significance of recognizing impoliteness and its effects, particularly when posting complaints online. As a result, a complaint that appears to be polite is not always polite. In regard to other elements, such as social emotions and civility, direct and/or implicit attacks employed in complaints might still be considered disrespectful if they are unaware of the strategies that embody politeness and impoliteness.
Playing the “Fantastical Gap”: Embedded Soundscapes in Video Games
Authors: O'Hara William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article surveys the techniques of sound and music design that are used to represent games embedded within other games. Theorizing such recursive media through the literary concept of the mise en abyme, the article focuses on the experimental horror game Stories Untold (2017), arguing that sound is both an object of focus (given the game's conceit of embedding a silent, text-based adventure game within a sounding, three-dimensional world) and the crucial factor that alerts the player to the interactions between the game's nested narratives.
On Military Assistance to the Fighters of the Jewish Ghetto in Warsaw
Authors: Libionka Dariusz , Steele Philip Earl 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article describes and analyzes the coalescence and subsequent evolution of the accounts of military assistance provided to the Jewish fighters in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising of April and May 1943. The author carefully illustrates the way these accounts, already during the war, were crafted to serve the contrasting political purposes of their differing narrators, and how the swiftly snowballing stories were thereby distorted above all by self-aggrandizement and, conversely, the belittling of ideological opponents. Indeed, in significant aspects the story-telling was outright hijacked by con men who fabricated whole episodes of coming to the ghetto's assistance. Thus, in weaving together the conflicting, often mythic accounts of Polish communists, former members of the Home Army and other underground organizations, and Jewish veterans of the Jewish Fighting Organization during the postwar decades, a narrative tapestry was created—only to begin to unravel in the 1980s, to become threadbare in the 1990s, and to disintegrate in the first decade of the twenty-first century owing to thorough-going archival research. What remains is the powerlessness of those in Nazi-occupied Warsaw to meaningfully aid one another—and thereafter to come to terms with that powerlessness. The paper concludes with an admonition regarding certain of today's penchants for state-led historical policy.
The Development of Digital Humanities in Poland as an Opportunity for New Research Perspectives
Authors: Smołucha Danuta 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Digital humanities is a new discipline, the emergence of which was determined by several important factors. One of them was the development of computer technologies and the possibilities offered by the automation of tasks performed by computers. The second was the progressive dataization of reality, that is, registering a large amount of information in a digital form. Also, cultural heritage has been digitalized to a great extent and can be processed by advanced algorithms. The development of digital humanities was also influenced by the very nature of contemporary culture, in which the perception of reality takes place mainly through the absorption of images. Digital humanities allows for the transmission of information in a visualized form, and its projects are of interactive and multimedia nature, which is in line with the prevailing cultural trends. The article discusses the processes which influenced the development of digital humanities in Poland over the last thirty years. An attempt is also made to answer the question of the position Poland currently holds in the international arena in the context of the dynamic development of this modern branch of the humanities in the world.
Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Elephantopus scaber Linn. and Elephantopus mollis Kunth. Extract
Authors: Efendi M. Rifqi , Bakhtiar Amri , Rusdi Mesa Sukmadani , Putra Deddi Prima 
Published: November 2023

Elephantopus scaber Linn. and E. mollis Kunth. are medicinal plant that are traditionally used in Indonesia. This research aimed to determine and compare the antibacterial activity of leaf, stem, and root extracts of the two Elephantopus species against various pathogen bacteria strains. The leaves, stem, and roots of E. scaber Linn. and E. mollis Kunth. were extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus. The disk diffusion method for screening antibacterial activity was conducted with a concentration of 50 mg/mL. The activities of the extracts were determined by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assay using broth microdilution method at a concentration range of 2500 to 1.2 µg/mL against nine human pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that all tested extracts demonstrated antibacterial activitied at varying degrees on all pathogen bacteria strains used in this study. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts from both plants were potent antibacterials with MIC values of 19-156 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25 175, Vibrio cholerae Inaba, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The present study also revealed that among the bacteria tested, S. mutans ATCC 25175 was the most susceptible to antibacterial properties of E. scaber Linn. and E. mollis Kunth., especially in ethyl acetate fractions (MIC 19 and 39 µg/mL, respectively). The findings suggested that the leaves of both plants hold promise as sustainable bioresources for the development of antibacterial agents. Additionally, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts were found to be particularly effective for obtaining natural antibacterial agents from these plants. However, further optimization of the extraction process is needed.
Pembinaan Dan Pembekalan Di Hari Tua Dalam Edukasi Manajemen Waktu Dan Manajemen Keuangan Keluarga
Authors: Yanti Novi , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal 
Published: November 2023

Pembinaan dan pembekalan dihari tua sangatlah penting dalam kelangsungan kehidupan Masyarakat kususnya di nagari Koto Dalam kecamatan Padang Sago dimana masyarakat harus mimiliki bekal dan manajemen waktu danmanajemen keuangan yang baik agar bisa bahagia dihari tua.Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah mengedukasi kulaitas kehidupan yang lebih baik dimana mereka ada bekal secara rohani dan bekal perencanaan keuangan yang akurat, dan akuntabel. Kegiatan ini sangat penting dilakukan dikarenakan masyarakat nagari Koto dalam Kecamatan Padang Sago pada umumnya berprofesi sebagai petani dan pedagang yang tidak banyak menempuh pendidikan formal dan pendapatan yang minim dan tidak memiliki kepastian.
Mereka juga belum memliki pengetahuan yang banyak dalm menghadapi hari tua baik secara rohani maupun jasmani, dan akan berpotensi stress yang tinggi dan keuangan yang buruk.
Metode yang dilakukan adalah memberikan penyuluhan, pengetahuan, dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara dengan masyarakat. Hasil dari pengabdian Masyarakat ini dimana masyrakat memiliki ilmu pengetahuan dalam menyongsong hari tua dan prencanaan yang baik dalam keuangan.
Pengaruh Kepimpinan, Disiplin Kerja Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Badan Pengelolaan Dan Aset Daerah Provinsi Papua
Authors: Napitupulu Datok , Ibrahim Muhdi B. Hi. , Idrus Achmad , Lina Ros 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK
Tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan, disiplin kerja, dan lingkungan kerja secara parsial dan simultan terhadap kinerja Pegawai pada Badan Pengelolaan dan Aset Daerah Provinsi Papua.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian penjelasan (explanatory research). Format eksplanasi dimaksud untuk mengambarkan suatu generalisasi atau menjelaskan hubungan satu variabel dengan variabel yang lain. Penelitian penjelasan (explanative reseach) tidak melakukan pengamatan (bersifat non eksperimental ), melainkan hanya menjelaskan hubungan kausal diantara variabel- variabel melalui pengujian hipotesis tanpa pemberian perlakuan. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian asosiatif, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan membuktikan pengaruh kepemimpinan, disiplin kerja, dan lingkungan kerja secara parsial dan simultan terhadap kinerja Pegawai pada Badan Pengelolaan dan Aset Daerah Provinsi Papua. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan Pegawai Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Provinsi papua. Jumlah populasi sebesar 142 orang. Besarnya sampel merupakan fungsi dari variasi pada parameter populasi yang tercakup dalam penelitian, dan merupakan fungsi dari ketetapan estimasi yang dibutuhkan oleh peneliti.. Adapun teknik penarikan sampel adalah teknik random sampling yaitu hanya 35 persen dari jumlah populasi dijadikan sampel.
Temuan membuktikan bahwa: 1). Kepemimpinan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada pegawai pada Badan Pengelolaan dan aset daerah provinsi papua, dengan nilai sig sebesar 0.039., 2). Disiplin Kerja mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pegawai pada Badan Pengelolaan dan aset daerah provinsi papua, dengan nilai sig sebesar 0.004., 3).Lingkungan kerja mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada pegawai pada Badan Pengelolaan dan aset daerah provinsi papua, dengan nilai sig sebesar 0.014, 4).Kepemimpinan, disiplin kerja dan lingkungan kerja secara simultan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada pegawai pada Badan Pengelolaan dan aset daerah provinsi papua, dengan nilai sig sebesar 0.000., dan 5). Disiplin Kerja mempunyai pengaruh yang paling dominan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada pegawai pada Badan Pengelolaan dan aset daerah provinsi papua..
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Keputusan Hedging pada Perusahaan
Authors: Syahrianti Mitha , Murwaniputri Hesti , Kuddy Aprianto L. 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keputusan hedging perusahaan IDX80 periode 2018-2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan data sekunder dimana metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi logistik dan pengujian hipotesis. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan total perusahaan yaitu 60 perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dan analisis data, diketaahui bahwa leverage yang di proksikan dengan debt to equity ratio berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan hedging pada perusahaan IDX80 yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018-2022, ukuran perusahaan (Firm size) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan hedging pada perusahaan IDX80 yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018-2022, dan likuiditas yang diproksikan dengan current ratio berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan hedging pada perusahaan IDX80 yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018-2022.
Capital structure, company liquidity, and company size on company value mediated by credit risk
Authors: Reza Ahmad Khairul , Kufepaksi Mahatma , Jubaedah Jubaedah 
Published: November 2023

This study uses quantitative secondary data to determine the effect of capital structure, company liquidity and company size on company value with credit risk as a mediation variable. The researcher used quantitative approach with descriptive quantitative design. The population of this study is banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2010-2020 totaling 29 banking companies. The data used is a panel data regression method using the eviews version 10 application. Sample selection using full sampling. The results obtained show that (1) Capital structure has a positive effect on company value, (2) Liquidity does not affect company value, (3) Company size does not affect company value, (4) Credit risk does not affect company value, (5) Capital structure has a negative effect on credit risk, (6) Liquidity does not affect credit risk, (7) Company size has a positive effect on credit risk, (8) Credit risk is not proven as an intervening variable in banking companies in Indonesia.
First report of American Pipit (<em>Anthus rubescens</em>) on Cuba
Authors: Good Michael J. , Alayon Giraldo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This is the first report of American Pipit (Anthus rubescens) on Cuba, discovered 3 December 2014 at El Verraco (21°55'51.1"N, 84°30'39.3"W) on Cabo San Antonio, Guanahacabibes National Park, in the Pinar del Río province, known as a significant migrant trap for many fall transients. The Guanahacabibes region of Cuba is an under-studied Important Bird Area for fall migrants.
Keywords: American Pipit, Anthus rubescens, Cuba, first record, Guanahacabibes National Park
Resumen: Primer registro de Anthus rubescens en Cuba—Este es el primer registro de Anthus rubescens en Cuba, descubierto el 3 de diciembre de 2014, en el Verraco (21°55'51.1"N, 84°30'39.3"W) en el Cabo de San Antonio, Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes en la provincia de Pinar del Río. Este parque es conocido como un colector migratorio importante para muchos transeúntes otoñales. La región de Guanahacabibes en Cuba es un Área de Importancia para las Aves poco estudiada para los migrantes otoñales.
Palabras clave: Anthus rubescens, Cuba, Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes, primer registro
Résumé: Premier rapport du Pipit d’Amérique (Anthus rubescens) en Cuba—Nous fournissons le premier rapport du Pipit d’Amérique (Anthus rubescens) en Cuba, découvert le 3 décembre 2014 à El Verraco (21°55'51.1"N, 84°30'39.3"W) en Cabo San Antonio, Parc National Guanahacabibes dans la province Pinar del Río, connu comme un piège important pour les oiseaux migratoires qui passent dans l’automne. La région de Guanahacabibes en Cuba est un zone d’importance pour les oiseaux (IBA) insuffisamment étudié pour les migrateurs de l’automne.
Mots clés: Anthus rubescens, Cuba, Parc National Guanahacabibes, Pipit d’Amérique, premier rapport
SỰ THAY ĐỔI MỘT SỐ XÉT NGHIỆM TUYẾN GIÁP Ở BỆNH NHÂN RỤNG TÓC TỪNG MẢNG
Authors: Trương Thị Huyền Trang , Vũ Thái Hà , Nguyễn Quang Minh , Thái Thị Diệu Vân , Đỗ Thị Thu Hiền , Lê Huyền My , Ngô Thị Vân Anh , Nguyễn Hữu Sáu 
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Rụng tóc từng mảng (RTTM) là bệnh lý về tóc thường gặp. Các nghiên cứu gần đây cho thấy, có nhiều bằng chứng về miễn dịch trong cơ chế bệnh sinh của RTTM cũng như sự xuất hiện các bệnh lý miễn dịch khác đi kèm với RTTM, đặc biệt là bệnh lý về tuyến giáp. Nghiên cứu này khảo sát tần suất bất thường một số xét nghiệm đánh giá chức năng và miễn dịch tuyến giáp ở bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán rụng tóc từng mảng.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu gồm 150 bệnh nhân RTTM ở các thể khác nhau đến khám và điều trị tại bệnh viện Da liễu Trung ương từ tháng 9/2022 đến tháng 8/2023. Các xét nghiệm chức năng tuyến giáp (T3 tự do – FT3, T4 tự do – FT4, TSH), nồng độ tự kháng thể peroxidase tuyến giáp (Anti-TPO) và siêu âm tuyến giáp được thực hiện.
Kết quả: Trong 150 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán rụng tóc từng mảng ở các thể khác nhau được thu thập vào nghiên cứu có 15 (11,7%) có tăng Anti-TPO, 14 bệnh nhân (20,7%) tăng TSH, 5 bệnh nhân (3,3%) giảm TSH, 7 bệnh nhân (2,7%) bệnh nhân có mức FT4 tăng và 10 (6,7%) có mức FT3 tăng. Xét nghiệm siêu âm tuyến giáp: Có 97 bệnh nhân (64,7%) có siêu âm tuyến giáp bình thường và 53 bệnh nhân (35,3%) có bất thường trên siêu âm tuyến giáp với 31 bệnh nhân (20,7%) có nang keo tuyến giáp và bướu tuyến giáp (2,7%), nhân giảm âm (4,7%), nhân tăng âm (2,7%), nhân hỗn hợp (1,3%) và 5 bệnh nhân có kết quả siêu âm TIRADS 3.
Kết luận: Trong nghiên cứu của chúng tôi, chức năng tuyến giáp bị suy yếu và tự kháng thể tuyến giáp trong bệnh nhân mắc bệnh rụng tóc từng mảng được xác định ở mức thấp hơn so với các nghiên cứu trước đây. Tuy nhiên, theo kết quả của nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi vẫn khuyến cáo cần kiểm tra chức năng tuyến giáp ở bệnh nhân rụng tóc từng mảng.
KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ SÙI MÀO GÀ BẰNG LASER CO2 THEO MỨC ĐỘ NGUY CƠ CỦA CHỦNG HPV
Authors: Trần Hậu Thạch Lâm , Lê Hữu Doanh , Phương Quỳnh Hoa , Lê Huyền My , Đào Trọng Khánh , Vũ Huy Lượng 
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả điều trị sùi mào gà bằng Laser CO2 theo mức độ nguy cơ của các chủng HPV
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu can thiệp so sánh trước sau, tiến hành trên 153 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán sùi mào gà và định type HPV tại bệnh viện Da liễu Trung Ương từ tháng 9/2022 đến tháng 8/2023. Loại bỏ thương tổn bằng Laser CO2, theo dõi, xử lý các biến chứng nếu có. Đánh giá kết quả dựa vào thương tổn hết, sạch tại tuần 8 và 12. Theo dõi tái phát bệnh ở tuần 24. Phân tích kết quả theo từng nhóm bệnh nhân bị nhiễm virus nguy cơ cao, nguy cơ thấp
Kết quả: Trong 153 bệnh nhân nghiên cứu có 58,8% nhiễm HPV nguy cơ thấp, 41,2% nguy cơ cao. Không có sự khác biệt về mức độ tổn thương giữa các type nguy cơ khác nhau. Nhóm HPV nguy cơ thấp có tỷ lệ khỏi hoàn toàn sau 12 tuần là 92,2% và tỷ lệ tái phát sau 12 tuần là 28,2%. Ở nhóm nhiễm HPV nguy cơ cao, kết quả thu được cũng tương tự: 90,5% bệnh nhân khỏi hoàn toàn sau 12 tuần điều trị và có 25,8% bệnh nhân bị tái phát sau 12 tuần. Không có sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ khỏi và tỷ lệ tái phát giữa các nhóm nguy cơ.
Kết luận: Sử dụng Laser CO2 điều trị sùi mào gà cho kết quả tương đối tốt và không có biến chứng trầm trọng. Kết quả thu được không có sự khác nhau giữa các nhóm nhiễm HPV nguy cơ cao và nhóm nhiễm vi rut nguy cơ thấp.
Ngày nhận bài: 15/09/2023
Ngày phản biện: 28/09/2023
Ngày chấp nhận đăng: 06/10/2023
Repensar la formación de los abogados en el contexto del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia
Authors: Pérez Arce Christian Nelio 
Published: November 2023

El desarrollo de las siguientes páginas, son el resultado del análisis de los planes de estudio de la Carreras de Derecho del país, caracterizadas por su enfoque jurídico tradicional y los procesos educativos vinculados a la formación de abogados en el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y en particular de la Carrera de Ciencias Jurídicas de la Universidad Mayor de San Simón, en la cual se desarrolló un diagnóstico, que permite entender la realidad de los procesos formativos, que se ejecutan en dicha institución y que se emulan en gran parte del territorio nacional. Y es a partir del análisis de los planes de estudio y del diagnóstico, es que se esbozan algunos criterios destinados a la formación de los abogados, acordes a la pluralidad de necesidades, intereses y expectativas individuales y colectivas del Estado boliviano.