bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do the dimensions of peri‐implant mucosa affect marginal bone loss in equicrestal and subcrestal position of implants? A 1‐year clinical trial
Authors: Quispe‐López Norberto , Gómez‐Polo Cristina , Zubizarreta‐Macho Álvaro , Montero Javier 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionThere is evidence that the apico‐coronal implant position and the mucosal phenotype can affect the extent of peri‐implant bone loss. This clinical trial analyzes the bone remodeling and marginal bone loss that occur around conical‐connection implants placed equicrestally and subcrestally, assessing the effect of the peri‐implant soft‐tissue phenotype.MethodsFifty‐one patients received 56 implants of distinct diameters (3.5 mm Ø n = 6; 4.3 mm Ø n = 41; 5 mm Ø n = 9) in the posterior part of the maxilla or mandible. The implants were placed equicrestally, 1 mm subcrestally and >1 mm subcrestally, depending on the initial supracrestal tissue height (STH). After 3 months of non‐submerged healing, single metal‐ceramic screw‐retained implant‐supported crowns were placed. Longitudinal measurements of STH, mucosal thickness and keratinized mucosa width (KMW) were made at the time of implant placement (T0), crown placement (T1), and after 3 (T2) and 6 months (T3) of prosthetic loading. At each of these points, a radiographic evaluation of bone remodeling and marginal bone loss was also performed.ResultsSTH was significantly greater for implants placed >1 mm subcrestally than for those placed 1 mm subcrestally. After 12 months of follow‐up, a very significant (p < 0.001) loss of KMW was observed, in addition to a marginal bone loss of 0.08 ± 0.1, 0.15 ± 0.2, and 0.14 ± 0.2 mm in the groups placed equicrestally, 1 mm subcrestally and >1 mm subcrestally, respectively. After the multiple linear regression, marginal bone loss was found to depend primarily on KMW (β = −0.43), while also being affected by STH (β = 0.32) and implant diameter (β = −0.28).ConclusionsMarginal bone loss may be influenced by the position with respect to the bone crest, as well as the KMW, STH, and implant diameter. However, more well‐controlled studies are needed to verify these above‐mentioned findings with different implant designs and connections.
“Belief” and Belief
Authors: Marcus Eric 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOur interest in understanding belief stems partly from our being creatures who think. However, the term ‘belief’ is used to refer to many states: from the fully conscious rational state that partly constitutes knowledge to the fanciful states of alarm clocks. Which of the many ‘belief’ states must a theory of belief be answerable to? This is the scope question. I begin my answer with a reply to a recent argument that belief is invariably weak, i.e., that the evidential standards that are required for belief are low. Although one state we refer to using the term ‘belief’ fits this profile, other ‘belief’ states do not. Crucially, when ‘belief’ is heard in a weak sense, it attributes a state that only a rational creature can be in. I will use this observation as a starting point for an argument that the study of (our) belief should not be constrained by the requirement that the illuminated state be held in common with any non‐rational being. This lends support to the Transformative Theory of Rationality, according to which rationality does not merely add powers or complexity to the animal mind, but transforms it into a different kind of mind altogether.
Validation of a novel algorithm with a high specificity in ruling out MDS
Authors: Schulz Felicitas , Nachtkamp Kathrin , Oster Howard S. , Mittelman Moshe , Gattermann Norbert , Schweier Sarah , Barthuber Carmen , Germing Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionA previously published web‐based App using Gradient‐boosted models (GBMs) of eight laboratory parameters was established by Oster et al. to facilitate diagnosis or exclusion of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in patients.MethodsTo validate their algorithm, we compared 175 anemic patients with MDS diagnosis from our German MDS Registry with 1378 non‐MDS anemic patients who consulted various specialties in the Düsseldorf university hospital.ResultsBased on hemoglobin level, leukocyte and platelet count, mean corpuscular volume, absolute neutrophil count, absolute monocyte count, glucose and creatinine, plus the patients' gender and age, we could not reproduce a high negative predictive value (NPV), but confirmed a useful specificity of 90.9% and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 77.1%. 1192 of 1378 controls were correctly categorized as “probably not MDS (pnMDS)” patients. A total of 65 patients were wrongly classified as “probable MDS (pMDS),” of whom 48 had alternative explanations for their altered laboratory results. In a second analysis, we included 29 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) resulting in only one label as possible MDS, suggesting that highly proliferative bone marrow disorders are correctly excluded.ConclusionThe possibility of reliably excluding MDS from differential diagnosis based on peripheral blood lab work appears to be attractive for patients and physicians alike while the confirmation of MDS diagnosis still requires a bone marrow biopsy.
Low‐temperature sintered 0.5Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.16PbZrO3–0.34PbTiO3 piezoelectric textured ceramics by Li2CO3 addition
Authors: Cho Seong Wook , Na Yong‐Hyeon , Baik Jeong Min , Park Hyeon Jun , Park Kwi‐Il , Jeong Young Hun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBaTiO3(BT)‐templated 0.5Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.16PbZrO3–0.34PbTiO3 with 0.2 wt% Li2CO3 (PNN‐PZT + LC) ceramics were successfully sintered at temperatures less than 1050°C. Their structural, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties were systematically investigated as a function of amount of BT, which ranged from 2 to 10 vol%. The PNN‐PZT + LC ceramics sintered at 1000°C showed highly textured morphologies with preferred (0 0 1) orientation, having Lotgering factors (fL) of 85% and higher. When sintering temperature exceeded 1000°C, the epitaxial grain growth of PNN‐PZT + LC rhombohedral phase, driven by BT templates, was hindered by dramatically enlarged matrix grains. In situ X‐ray diffractometry analyses are performed to identify phase transition behavior depending on temperature. Properties of d33 (1180 pC/N) and kp (80.3%) were obtained for the 2 vol% BT‐templated PNN‐PZT + LC ceramic sintered at 1000°C, along with ferroelectric properties of 2Pr (56.1 μC/cm2) and 2Ec (1.26 kV/mm) at 3.5 kV/mm. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and piezo‐response force microscopy were utilized to investigate domain structure and epitaxial grain growth between templated BaTiO3 and matrix ceramics. The low‐temperature sintered specimen showed an extremely large electrostrain characteristic (d33*) of 1215 pm/V at 1 kV/mm. Furthermore, textured multilayer piezoelectric actuators exhibited higher actuator performance and lower energy loss compared to untextured multilayer piezoelectric actuators, indicating their potential for use in piezoelectric actuator devices.
Synthesis of new rare earth containing MAX phases Sc2AC (A = Ga, In) by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Zhang Qiqiang , Luo Jia , Wen Bo , Zhou Yanchun , San Xingyuan , Chen Hui , Feng Qingguo , Hu Chunfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, two new ternary layered MAX phase ceramics, Sc2GaC and Sc2InC, were successfully synthesized by spark plasma sintering. The crystal structures of two new compounds were determined by X‐ray diffraction. The lattice parameters were a = 3.3609(0) Å and c = 14.5849(9) Å for Sc2GaC, and a = 3.3453(6) Å and c = 15.2236(3) Å for Sc2InC, wherein the Sc atoms were located at (1/3, 2/3, 0.07330[Ga]/0.08268[In]), the A atoms were located at (1/3, 2/3, 3/4), and the C atoms were located at (0, 0, 0). Scanning electron microscopy images of two new MAX phase ceramics were also given in this paper, showing obvious layered characteristics.
Is human height based on a Lucas sequence relationship between the foot height, tibial length, femur length and upper body length?
Authors: Paley Dror , Sutaria Sahra , Pinsky Daelan , Roberts Darin , Robbins Craig 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis is a retrospective chart and radiographic review of 145 patients who underwent full‐body EOS imaging; 109 males and 36 females. The mean ages of the female and male subsets are 28.8 (SD = 11.6) years and 29.5 (SD = 11.8) years, respectively. The sum of the foot height (Ft) and the tibial length (T) for each subject was compared to their femur length (Fe). Subsequently, the sum of the tibial (T) and femoral lengths (Fe) were compared to their respective upper body lengths (UB), as measured from the tops of the femoral heads. A linear regression test was performed to determine whether a Lucas sequence‐based relationship exists between Ft + T and Fe, and between T + Fe and UB. The regression for the relationship between Ft + T and Fe for the entire cohort (R = 0.82, R2 = 0.70), the female subset (R = 0.94, R2 = 0.88) and the male subset (R = 0.75, R2 = 0.57), all demonstrated a strong positive correlation between Ft + T and Fe and showed that Ft + T is a likely predictor of Fe. The regression test for the entire cohort demonstrated a moderately positive correlation between T + Fe and UB (R = 0.41, R2 = 0.17, F(1, 145) = 29.42, p = 2.4E‐07). A stronger correlation was found for the relationship between T + Fe and UB (R = 0.57, R2 = 0.32, F(1, 35) = 16.64, p = 2.5E‐05) for the female subset relative to the male subset (R = 0.20, R2 = 0.038, F(1, 35) = 4.37, p = 0.04). There appears to be a Lucas sequence relationship between the lengths of the foot height, tibial length, femoral length and upper body length, which together make up standing height. This mathematical proportion relationship is stronger in females than males.
Association of the neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio with outcome in sick hospitalized neonatal foals
Authors: Samuels Amanda N. , Kamr Ahmed M. , Reed Stephen M. , Slovis Nathan M. , Hostnik Laura D. , Burns Teresa A. , Toribio Ramiro E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in human medicine is an objective biomarker that reflects prognosis. The NLR as an independent biomarker to help predict nonsurvival in hospitalized neonatal foals has not been thoroughly interrogated.Objectives/HypothesisRetrospectively evaluate if the NLR at admission is associated with nonsurvival in sick hospitalized foals <4 days old. We hypothesized that a lower NLR will be associated with nonsurvival.AnimalsOne thousand one hundred ninety‐six client‐owned foals <4 days old of any breed and sex: 993 hospitalized foals and 203 healthy foals.MethodsRetrospective multicenter study. Medical records of foals presenting to 3 equine referral hospitals were reviewed. Foals were included if they had complete CBCs, sepsis scores, and outcome data. The NLR was calculated by dividing the absolute neutrophil count by the absolute lymphocyte count. Data were analyzed by nonparametric methods and univariate analysis.ResultsOf the 993 sick hospitalized foals, 686 were sick nonseptic and 307 were septic. The median NLR was lower in sick hospitalized foals (median [95% confidence interval], 3.55 [0.5‐13.9]) compared with healthy foals (6.61 [3.06‐18.1]). Septic foals had the lowest NLR (2.00 [0.20‐9.71]). The NLR was lower in nonsurviving (1.97 [1.67‐2.45]) compared with surviving foals (4.10 [3.76‐4.33]). Nonsurviving septic foals had the lowest NLR (1.47 [1.70‐3.01]). Foals with a NLR of <3.06 or <1.6 at admission had odds ratio of 3.21 (2.24‐4.29) and 4.03 (2.86‐5.67) for nonsurvival, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceA NLR < 3.06 at admission in sick hospitalized foals is readily available and clinically useful variable to provide prognostic information.
Functional promiscuity of small multidrug resistance transporters from Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Francisella tularensis
Authors: Spreacker Peyton J. , Wegrzynowicz Andrea K. , Porter Colin J. , Beeninga Will F. , Demas Sydnye , Powers Emma N. , Henzler‐Wildman Katherine A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSmall multidrug resistance transporters efflux toxic compounds from bacteria and are a minimal system to understand multidrug transport. Most previous studies have focused on EmrE, the model SMR from Escherichia coli, finding that EmrE has a broader substrate profile than previously thought and that EmrE may perform multiple types of transport, resulting in substrate‐dependent resistance or susceptibility. Here, we performed a broad screen to identify potential substrates of three other SMRs: PAsmr from Pseudomonas aeruginosa; FTsmr from Francisella tularensis; and SAsmr from Staphylococcus aureus. This screen tested metabolic differences in E. coli expressing each transporter versus an inactive mutant, for a clean comparison of sequence and substrate‐specific differences in transporter function, and identified many substrates for each transporter. In general, resistance compounds were charged, and susceptibility substrates were uncharged, but hydrophobicity was not correlated with phenotype. Two resistance hits and two susceptibility hits were validated via growth assays and IC50 calculations. Susceptibility is proposed to occur via substrate‐gated proton leak, and the addition of bicarbonate antagonizes the susceptibility phenotype, consistent with this hypothesis.
Effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy in pediatric cedar pollinosis: A real‐world database study
Authors: Matsushita Rie , Tanaka‐Mizuno Sachiko , Takeuchi Masato , Kawakami Koji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPediatric allergic rhinitis (AR), including cedar pollinosis (CP), is increasing in Japan. We investigated the effects of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), which has limited studies of its effectiveness in real‐world settings, on children with CP.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used a claim database in 2018–2021. Children aged ≤15 years with CP records in 2019 were eligible and were followed up through 2021. We included 2962 CP children undergoing SLIT and 547 who were not. The medication score was used to evaluate SLIT effectiveness in the cedar pollen dispersal season each year. Adverse events and the occurrence of allergic diseases were also evaluated.ResultsMedication score was higher in the SLIT group during the index period but lower in 2021 compared to the non‐SLIT group (mean ± standard deviation: 5.17 ± 2.39 and 4.74 ± 2.38 in 2019, 3.13 ± 2.30 and 3.55 ± 2.48 in 2021, respectively). The adjusted mean difference between groups from 2019 to 2021 was −0.62 (95% confidence interval: −0.86 to −0.39, p < .0001), and the medication score was reduced in the SLIT group (risk ratio: 1.2: 1.1 to 1.3). The occurrence of adverse events involving abdominal disorders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.64: 0.51 to 0.81), asthma exacerbation (aOR: 0.37: 0.24 to 0.57), and allergic diseases involving hay fever unrelated to CP (aOR: 0.60: 0.45 to 0.80) or asthma (aOR: 0.71: 0.58 to 0.86) was lower in the SLIT group.ConclusionIn children with CP, SLIT is effective, well tolerated, and could decrease the occurrence of other allergic diseases.
Association of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation duration with cost‐related medication non‐adherence and emergency department visits
Authors: Sanjeevi Namrata , Monsivais Pablo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveAdministrative requirements could disrupt sustained Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation among income‐eligible individuals. To meet their food needs, low‐income individuals without consistent SNAP benefits may compromise on medication use, posing a risk to their health. The objective of this study is to examine the association of SNAP participation duration in a given year with cost‐related medication nonadherence (CRN) and emergency department (ED) use in income‐eligible individuals.DesignCross‐sectional.SampleNon‐elderly and elderly adults who used prescription medications and participated in SNAP the previous year in 2016–2018 National Health Interview Survey. Subsamples included individuals with specific chronic conditions.MeasurementsCRN and ED usage.ResultsSNAP participation for <12 months in the previous year was related to increased CRN and ED use in nonelderly adults taking prescription medication, as well as in those with hypertension, cardiovascular disease and asthma. Further, <12‐month SNAP participation was associated with greater odds of having at least one ED visit in nonelderly and elderly adults.ConclusionsSustained SNAP participation could help income‐eligible individuals better adhere to their prescribed medications and reduce health complications requiring ED visits. Findings suggest the importance of addressing SNAP participation gaps among income‐eligible individuals in health care settings.
Computed tomographic appearance of canine hepatic alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Reuter Adina , Wennemuth Jan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, affecting dogs as accidental intermediate hosts. CT is increasingly used for abdominal imaging in small animals, providing valuable information, particularly for large masses and limited ultrasound accessibility. This study describes CT findings of hepatic lesions in 13 dogs with AE. All cases displayed well‐defined cavitary lesions in the liver. Lesions showed minimal to no contrast uptake in the periphery, no uptake centrally, irregular internal walls, and soft tissue septa. Eight of 13 cases exhibited large cavitary masses (mean diameter 18.7 cm) with thick walls and feathery mineralization. Three of 13 cases had multiple smaller cavitary lesions with thin walls and without mineralization (mean diameter 8.4 cm). Two of 13 cases presented with both lesion types. These findings suggest two typical CT appearances correlated with AE: large thick‐walled‐ and smaller thin‐walled lesions. These groups may represent different stages of AE, with smaller lesions merging and progressing into larger ones. In conclusion, CT provides valuable information in evaluating hepatic lesions in dogs with AE. Large cavitary, thick‐walled liver lesions with feathery wall mineralization, irregular inner margination, septation, and no central contrast uptake strongly indicate hepatic AE in dogs, differentiating it from other masses.
Development of Biomechanical Response Curves for the Calibration of Biofidelic Measuring Devices Used in Robot Collision Testing
Authors: Behrens Roland , Zimmermann Jan , Wang Zechang , Herbster Sebastian , Elkmann Norbert 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Collaborative robots (cobots) can be employed in close proximity to human workers without safety fences. The operation mode Power and Force Limiting requires that cobots not exceed the biomechanical limits of ISO/TS 15066 to ensure protection against injuries caused by collisions with them. Collision tests must be performed to prove that cobots cannot exceed the biomechanical limits. Such tests are performed with a biofidelic measuring device that measures contact forces and replicates the biomechanics of the human body. Biomechanical response curves serve as a reference for the calibration of such devices. In order to be able to compare measurements and limits correctly and reliably, the limits and response curves for calibration must be obtained from the same data with the same methodology. In this article, we present a new technique for developing biomechanical response curves, which employs a statistical model we used to calculate biomechanical limits for cobots in a previous study. This technique's development process entails normalizing the data over force, resampling them and then fitting the newly obtained samples to a log-normal distribution. The statistical model makes it possible to produce response curves for the same quantile we used for the limits. Our technique adds a confidence region around each response curve to express the sufficiency of the available data. We have produced response curves for 24 different body locations for which we have calculated limits. These curves will enable manufacturers of cobot testing equipment to calibrate their measuring devices precisely.
Trajectories and correlates of poor mental health in India over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide survey
Authors: Nichols Emma , Petrosyan Sarah , Khobragade Pranali , Banerjee Joyita , Angrisani Marco , Dey Sharmistha , Bloom David E , Schaner Simone , Dey Aparajit B , Lee Jinkook 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic had large impacts on mental health; however, most existing evidence is focused on the initial lockdown period and high-income contexts. By assessing trajectories of mental health symptoms in India over 2 years, we aim to understand the effect of later time periods and pandemic characteristics on mental health in a lower-middle income context.MethodsWe used data from the Real-Time Insights of COVID-19 in India cohort study (N=3709). We used covariate-adjusted linear regression models with generalised estimating equations to assess associations between mental health (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) score; range 0–12) and pandemic periods as well as pandemic characteristics (COVID-19 cases and deaths, government stringency, self-reported financial impact, COVID-19 infection in the household) and explored effect modification by age, gender and rural/urban residence.ResultsMental health symptoms dropped immediately following the lockdown period but rose again during the delta and omicron waves. Associations between mental health and later pandemic stages were stronger for adults 45 years of age and older (p<0.001). PHQ-4 scores were significantly associated with all pandemic characteristics considered, including estimated COVID-19 deaths (PHQ-4 difference of 0.10 units; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.13), government stringency index (0.14 units; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.18), self-reported major financial impacts (1.20 units; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.32) and COVID-19 infection in the household (0.36 units; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.50).ConclusionWhile the lockdown period and associated financial stress had the largest mental health impacts on Indian adults, the effects of the pandemic on mental health persisted over time, especially among middle-aged and older adults. Results highlight the importance of investments in mental health supports and services to address the consequences of cyclical waves of infections and disease burden due to COVID-19 or other emerging pandemics.