bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semi‐blind demodulation algorithm for short burst FM‐MFSK based on STFT
Authors: Gao Chunfang , Lee Choong Hyun , Wei Xiaoji , Gong Yong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the blind reception of non‐cooperative signals in short‐time burst communication, signal time domain detection is the premise and key of signal modulation parameter estimation, signal demodulation, decoding, interpretation, information acquisition and interference guidance. In this paper, the semi‐blind demodulation method of short‐time burst FM‐MFSK signal is studied under the condition of low signal‐to‐noise ratio. A short‐time burst FM‐MFSK semi‐blind demodulation method based on STFT is proposed. When SNR is higher than 3 dB, the correct demodulation probability for FM‐MFSK signal can reach 90%.
A robust watermarking algorithm against JPEG compression based on multiscale autoencoder
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chen Rongrong , Wang Bin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe network structure of digital watermarking algorithm based on deep learning is usually encoder‐noise layer‐decoder. Most of the existing encoders suffer from the problem of insufficient feature extraction, and the introduction of simulated differentiable joint photographic experts group (JPEG) compression in the noise layer cannot ensure the robustness under real JPEG. In this paper, a watermarking algorithm based on multi‐scale auto‐encoder is proposed, which can effectively extract the image feature information by combining with the channel attention mechanism. At the same time, some parameters of decoder and encoder are shared to reduce redundant feature embedding and improve extraction accuracy. This paper also proposes a robust training scheme against JPEG compression, which can guide the model to store the watermark in the low‐frequency region needed for decoding. Experimental results show that the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) of the proposed algorithm is above 48 and the decoding rate is above 99% under JPEG compression with quality factor Q = 50. Moreover, this scheme can effectively promote the combination of noise layer in training. In addition, the proposed algorithm is also robust to other common network noises.
Investigation of cell damage of periodontopathic bacteria exposed to silver, zirconium oxide, and silicon oxide nanoparticles as antibacterial agents
Authors: Dağlıoğlu Yeşim , Yavuz Mustafa Cihan , Ertürk Omer , Ameen Fuad , Khatami Mehrdad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is one of the biggest public health problems of our time. The nanoparticles are a powerful alternative to these antibiotics. Engineered nanoparticles show toxic effects on bacteria by different mechanisms. The bacteria–cell interaction of engineered nanoparticles exerts their toxic effects through changes in cell wall, cell membrane, and cytoplasm content/density. Thus, death occurs as a result of cell deformation. In this study, the cellular damage of silver nanoparticles, which are known to have strong antibacterial properties, and zirconium oxide and silicon oxide engineering nanoparticles, which are less known, on periodontopathic (Prevotella intermedia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) bacteria, were investigated by ultrastructural changes. The lysis of the cytoplasm and separation of the membrane cytoplasm were observed. Both types of bacteria treated with Ag ENP show more hollow cytoplasm than bacteria treated with the other two nanoparticles.
Wind-mass transfer in S-type symbiotic binaries
Authors: Skopal A. , Shagatova N. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Observational indications of wind-mass transfer from an evolved giant to its distant white dwarf (WD) companion in symbiotic binaries are rare. Here, we present a way to examine the neutral wind from the giant in symbiotic binaries, which is temporarily observable throughout the orbital plane during outbursts.
Aims. We find that the mass-loss rate from giants in the orbital plane of S-type symbiotic binaries is high, indicating a high wind-mass-transfer efficiency in these systems.
Methods. We modeled hydrogen column densities in the orbital plane between the observer and the WD for all suitable eclipsing S-type symbiotic binaries during outbursts in any orbital phase.
Results. The mass-loss rate from the giant in the orbital plane is on the order of 10−6 M⊙ yr−1, which is a factor of ∼10 higher than rates derived from nebular emission produced by the ionized wind from normal giants in symbiotic stars. This finding suggests a substantial focusing of the giant’s wind toward the orbital plane and, thus, its effective transfer onto the WD companion.
Conclusions. Our finding suggests that wind focusing on the orbital plane may be a common property of winds from giants in S-type symbiotic stars. Such wind-focusing resolves a long-standing problem of the large energetic output from their burning WDs and deficient fueling by the giant via a standard Bondi–Hoyle accretion. It also allows the WD to grow faster in mass, which lends support to the possibility that S-type symbiotic binaries are progenitors of Type Ia supernovae.
Zwischen neuer Verantwortung und Routinetätigkeit: Die Rolle
der VERAH in der hausärztlichen Versorgung – Eine qualitative
Sekundärdatenanalyse am Beispiel des softwaregestützten Case
Management
Authors: Forstner Johanna , Mangold Jasmin , Litke Nicola , Weis Aline , Szecsenyi Joachim , Wensing Michel , Ullrich Charlotte 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Konzept der Versorgungsassistentin in der Hausarztpraxis
(VERAH) wurde entwickelt, um nicht-ärztliches Personal stärker
in die hausärztliche Versorgung einzubinden und somit dem steigenden
Versorgungbedarf und der gleichzeitigen Verknappung von ärztlichem
Personal zu begegnen. VERAHs werden zunehmend auch im softwaregestützten
Case Management eingesetzt und sind somit mit neuen Aufgaben und
Verantwortungsgefügen konfrontiert. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es daher,
zu explorieren, wie sich die Rolle der VERAH in hausärztlichen Praxen
darstellt.
Methoden Bei der vorliegenden Studie handelt es sich um eine qualitative
Sekundärdatenanalyse im Rahmen der Projekte VESPEERA und TelePraCMan. Es
wurden 20 Einzelinterviews und 2 Fokusgruppen mit insgesamt 30
Ärzt:innen, VERAHs und Medizinischen Fachangestellten aus der
hausärztlichen Versorgung durchgeführt. Die Analyse der Daten
fand qualitativ in Anlehnung an Emerson statt. Kontext- und soziodemographische
Daten wurden mit einem begleitenden Fragebogen erhoben.
Ergebnisse Die VERAHs aller Hausarztpraxen, aus denen
Interviewpartner:innen teilnahmen, nehmen Aufgaben innerhalb des
softwaregestützten Case Management wahr. In den Aussagen zur Rolle der
VERAH ließen sich drei Themen identifizieren: a) Beschreibung der
konkreten Aufgaben der VERAH im softwaregestützten Case Management
innerhalb des Praxisteams, b) Stellenwert des softwaregestützten Case
Managements innerhalb der Tätigkeiten der VERAHS und c) Beziehung der
VERAHs zu den Patient:innen.
Schlussfolgerung Die Wahrnehmung von Aufgaben des
softwaregestützten Case Managements kann zu einer Stärkung und
Erweiterung der Rolle der VERAH beitragen. Künftig sollte
verstärkt auf eine klare Beschreibung der neuen Rolle geachtet und die
Rahmenbedingungen der Aufgabenerfüllung der VERAH berücksichtigt
werden.
Fataler Verlauf nach erfolgreicher pulmonaler Endarteriektomie – der seltene Fall
Authors: Abel Peter , Bülow Robin , Stubbe Beate , Heine Alexander , Ewert Ralf 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Wir berichten über eine 43-jährige Frau, die sich nach stattgehabten rezidivierenden Lungenarterienembolien mit Entwicklung einer chronischen thromboembolischen pulmonalen Hypertonie einer primär erfolgreichen pulmonalen Endarteriektomie unterzog. Zwei Jahre später, nach stattgehabter SARS-CoV-2-Infektion und trotz konsequent eingenommener oraler Antikoagulation, wurde die Patientin erneut vorstellig mit klinischen Zeichen einer Lungenarterienembolie, die sich bildgebend als fulminante Lungenarterienembolie darstellte. Trotz medikamentöser Fibrinolysetherapie und dem Versuch einer interventionellen Thrombusaspiration gelang es nicht, die große Embolielast zu beherrschen, sodass die Patientin bedauerlicherweise verstarb.
Application of N-Bromosuccinimide in Carbohydrate Chemistry
Authors: Bera Smritilekha , Mondal Dhananjoy , Chatterjee Bhaskar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article describes the use of N-bromosuccinimide in different organic group transformations in carbohydrate chemistry. A comprehensive discussion on the synthesis of deoxysugars through selective O-benzylidene fragmentation, photobromination, halogenation, oxidation, and polymerisation of different carbohydrate moieties with the aid of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) is presented. The use of NBS in the most significant glycosylation methods and in oligosaccharide synthesis is also discussed.
Statewide Implementation of Universal Third-Trimester Repeat HIV Testing in Illinois
Authors: Yee Lynn M. , Ayala Laurie D. , Roach Alexis M. , Statton Anne , Randhawa Sukhdeep , Garcia Patricia M. , Miller Emily S. 
Published: October 2023

Objective This article aims to assess statewide uptake of HIV repeat testing in the first 2 years after the implementation of an amendment to the Illinois Perinatal HIV Prevention Act (IPHPA) mandating universal repeat HIV testing in the third trimester.
Study Design This is a retrospective, population-based study of all birthing individuals in Illinois (2018–2019). Data were collected using the state-mandated closed system of perinatal HIV test reporting. We evaluated the incidence of mother–infant pairs with negative early tests and repeat third-trimester tests (RTTTs) performed in adherence with the law, as well as the timing of the performance of the RTTTs (outpatient vs. inpatient). Chi-square tests of trend by quarter were performed to ascertain sustainability.
Results Of 138,805 individuals delivered in 2018, 80.6% presented with early test and RTTTs. In 2018, outpatient RTTTs improved from 71.8% (quarter 1) to 85.1% (quarter 4; p < 0.001). In 2018, the proportion of mother–infant dyads who received testing that was adherent to the IPHPA Amendment was 92.1, 95.5, 96.7, and 96.4% in quarters 1 through 4, respectively (p < 0.001). In 2019, outpatient RTTTs performance remained high (87.4%) and stable (p = 0.06). In 2019, 99.9% of mother–infant dyads had testing adherent to the mandate in quarters 1 through 4 (p = 0.39). Of individuals who presented without RTTTs, 93.5% (2018) and 98.8% (2019) underwent inpatient testing before delivery.
Conclusion Implementation of RTTTs in Illinois was rapid, successful, and sustained in its first 2 years. Public health methodologies from Illinois may benefit other states implementing RTTT programs.
Key Points
The Spanish Gough maps: first pre-postal maps of the Iberian Peninsula in its European context
Authors: Pablo-Martí Federico , López-Requena Jesús 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study two singular maps, the Modern Map of Spain, attributed to Cardinal Margarit, and Spagna con le distantie de li loci; made in northern Italy in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. Like the British Gough map, both already show communication networks with expressed distances. Using formal analysis, statistical methodology, and computer processing, we present the cartographic characteristics of each one and relate them to their historical context, updating the scarce information available until now. We explain their relationship as two milestones of the same cartographic process. At the same time, we study the routes represented, finding out the units of measurement used and the communication networks that both maps show us in the context of the Revolution of Communications that the Renaissance represented in Europe. The research has allowed us to attribute a new dating to them, question the traditional authorship, and advance a theory on the transport networks’ functionality, demonstrating that both maps are part of a cartographic and historical process at the European level. All these updates to the vision on the first maps of communications in Western Europe established new contributions to the relationship between maps and itineraries. It contributes to filling a void occupied in solitary, until now, by the map of Gough of Great Britain.
The use of lichen and fungal collections in Australian herbaria to identify temporal changes in air pollution and assist environmental management: challenges to conserving herbarium specimens for the future
Authors: Wu Liqin , Merrick John R. , Downing Alison , Milne Josephine 
Published: October 2023

Context Global environmental modification is placing increased demand on taxonomic resources, especially herbarium collections, which are being utilised for information and as biological resource material in ways never previously envisaged. This increased use of herbarium collections presents current and on-going management challenges. Aims To demonstrate, with two Australian studies, the essential role of herbarium collections in investigating long-term pollution; to emphasise the importance of on-going collecting for herbaria and make recommendations for future collection management. Methods Australian case studies of a long-term pollution problem are used to show how verified lichen and fungal taxa in Australian herbaria were crucial in identifying sources of air pollution over time. Key results Chemical and isotopic analyses of lead in samples from curated herbarium collections were used to reconstruct patterns of atmospheric lead deposition over 150 years in eastern Australia. This extended time series of samples facilitated documentation of the full cycle from natural background concentrations to the introduction and increasing usage of lead both in industry and motor vehicles, to the eventual discontinuation of its use in automotive fuel. In addition to demonstrating the value of regular, long-term sampling of selected taxa and potential applications to emerging environmental problems, the importance of strict protocols for destructive sampling and analysis of herbarium specimens, especially for older collections containing small quantities of material, has been highlighted. Conclusions Both the Australian and previous studies have identified a number of problems and potential challenges to maintaining and maximising the utilisation of finite herbarium resources for the future. While acknowledging that Australasian herbaria have well documented policies and protocols for studies that sample their collections, six recommendations are made, for future implementation as appropriate. Implications Current management strategies for finite reference collections are summarised and recommendations for the future include the following: repeated, ongoing collecting over broader areas; periodic re-collection of larger samples from select reference sites with detailed field data; preparation and storage of specimens under controlled environmental conditions, with minimal chemical pest control; utilisation of common widespread taxa for research; careful supervision of destructive sampling techniques to assess compounds present; and adequate funding to facilitate the digitisation of herbarium specimens to increase access and optimise use of curated collections.
A multilingual approach to the interaction between frames and constructions
Authors: Czulo Oliver , Willich Alexander , Ziem Alexander , Torrent Tiago T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The comparison of constructions across languages faces a major challenge: Both similarities and differences can
appear on the whole scale from form to meaning. In this paper, we propose an approach combining the descriptive and explanatory
power of Construction Grammar and Frame Semantics by applying the analysis of constructions and frames on a full-text scale. More
concretely, we propose a contrastive and translatological analysis of (partially) schematic constructions in English, Brazilian
Portuguese and German which may diverge in form, but are relatable to one another across languages by their conventional
pragmatics and/or the semantic frames they evoke.
Frame integration and head-switching
Authors: Hasegawa Yoko , Ohara Kyoko Hirose 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEmploying Frame Semantics as implemented in the Berkeley FrameNet database, this paper analyzes English sentences expressing concerns of risk derived from the British National Corpus and their Japanese translations (created for the purposes of the current study). It introduces the ideas of content and interpretation predicates, frame integration, and head-switching as effectual devices for recognizing obscure constructional equivalences across languages. Our findings shed light on the development of a new contrastive framework for verbal predicativity: that is, a framework based on the recognition of content and interpretation predicates and how it intersects with the categorical distinction in lexicalization patterns between verbs and adverbs.
Constructional change and frameelement selection
Authors: Law James 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
While most work in diachronic construction grammar considers individual constructional changes, these changes share an understudied relationship with broader changes at the level of the semantic frame. Literary corpus data shows that in the Spending frame in French, between the 12th and 20th centuries, the selection rates of four alternating frame elements shifted: Purpose, Cause of expense, Goods, and Seller. This frame-level shift is examined alongside related constructional changes including lexicalization, pejoration, and constructional loss. The analysis suggests that constructional change does not proceed independently but is driven by shifts in framing due in part to sociocultural changes.
Deconvolution-based methods to extract uncertainty components
Authors: Ferrero Alessandro , Salicone Simona , Vardhana Jetti Harsha , Ronaghi Sina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A measurement result is supposed to provide information about the distribution of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand. However, in general, it provides the distribution of values returned by the employed measuring system, when the measurand is given as the input quantity to this system. This distribution of values is mathematically given by the convolution of two probability density functions (PDFs): the one representing the actual distribution of values of the measurand and the one representing the uncertainty contribution of the employed measuring system. In principle, if the uncertainty contribution of the measuring system is known, the distribution of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand can be obtained by applying a proper deconvolution algorithm: this distribution is, indeed, the one of interest in any industrial measurement process. Similarly, if the PDF representing the distribution of values of the measurand is known, the PDF representing the uncertainty contribution of the measuring system to the resulting distribution of values returned by the instrument can be obtained by applying a proper deconvolution algorithm: this distribution is, indeed, the one of interest when a calibration is performed. In practical situations, deconvolution algorithms provide rather inaccurate results when applied to PDFs, especially when they are experimentally obtained from histograms of collected data. This paper proposes a deconvolution method, based on the use of Fuzzy variables (or Possibility Distributions) to represent distribution of values, which proves to provide much more accurate results. Simulation results, as well as experimental results are discussed to validate the proposed method.
Improving input contrast estimation to an x-ray imaging system
Authors: González-López Antonio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. An appropriate parameter to study the performance of an x-ray imaging system is contrast transfer, or the system’s ability to capture contrast in the radiation beam and bring it to the image. However, determining the input contrast to the system is difficult, as it is heavily affected by secondary radiation, which in turn depends on a multitude of factors. This work presents a method to improve the calculation of input contrast to the imaging system when PMMA phantoms are used. Approach. An expression to obtain input contrast from primary radiation attenuation and scatter-to-primary ratio is shown, and the approximation upon which it is based is discussed. Primary and secondary radiation emerging from the phantoms are calculated for monoenergetic pencil beams impinging on planar PMMA phantoms of different thicknesses. Monte Carlo simulations of two types of anti-scatter grids are also incorporated into the calculations. Main results. The primary and secondary components of radiant energy and grid transmission factors are presented for monoenergetic beams with energies from 10 to 150 keV. These results are then used to calculate input contrast for polyenergetic beams when using a commercial image quality phantom combined with different thicknesses of PMMA and anti-scatter grids. Significance. The information of the object contrast carried by the beam constitutes the input to the imaging system. An accurate determination of this input contrast can be carried out in a wide variety of situations from the study of a reduced number of cases, as those presented in this work for monoenergetic beams, PMMA phantoms of different thicknesses and anti-scatter grids. The relationship between the input contrast and the contrast due to primary radiation used in this work provides a good approximation for the different combinations of inserts, phantoms, grids, and energy spectra analyzed here.
A novel 4H-SiC multiple stepped SGT MOSFET with improved high frequency figure of merit
Authors: Zhang Jingping , Luo Houcai , Wu Huan , Wang Zeping , Zheng Bofeng , Zhang Guoqi , Chen Xianping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A novel 4H-SiC Multiple Stepped SGT MOSFET (MSGT-MOSFET) is presented and investigated utilizing TCAD simulations in this paper. We have quantitatively studied the characteristics of the device through simulation modeling and physical model calculations, and comparatively analyzed the performance and application prospects of this novel device. The gate-to-drain capacitance (Cgd) and gate-to-drain charge (Qgd) of the MSGT-MOSFET are significantly reduced in comparison with the double trench MOSFET (DT-MOSFET) and the conventional SGT MOSFET (CSGT-MOSFET), due to the reduction of the overlapping area of the split gate (SG) structure and drift region. Therefore, the obtained high frequency figure of merit (HF-FOM) defined as [Ron × Cgd] reduced by 23.9% compared with DT-MOSFET and CSGT-MOSFET. And the HF-FOM [Ron × Qgd] for the MSGT-MOSFET significantly decreased by 71% and 50%, respectively, compared to that of the DT-MOSFET and CSGT-MOSFET. Furthermore, the switching loss is also simulated and calculated. And the total switching loss of the proposed MSGT-MOSFET realizes 42.9% and 21.7% reduction in comparison with the DT-MOSFET and CSGT-MOSFET. The overall enhanced performances suggest that the MSGT-MOSFET is an excellent choice for high frequency power electronic applications.