bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expert System for Diagnosing Airborne Diseases Airborne Diseases in Humans with Fuzzy Logic Mamdani Method
Authors: Subekti Dayat , Priyanto Agung , Mukti Agung Permana , Azzuhry Dimas Rully 
Published: January 2024

<p>People in today's information age are increasingly demanding all kinds of information to be presented quickly. One of them is information in the medical field, in this case information about the diagnosis of a disease which is usually in the form of an expert system. Various methods are used in expert systems, one of which is Mamdani fuzzy logic or better known as the Mamdani inference system. The use of fuzzy logic in diagnosing this disease does not require numbers as input.</p><p>The Mamdani fuzzy logic expert system in this study is specifically used to diagnose infectious diseases in humans, namely: whooping cough or pertussis, measles, diphtheria, mumps, meningitis, tuberculosis, variola, and varicella. This system diagnoses diseases based on inputting the characteristics or symptoms suffered. The diagnosis result is a number of possible diagnoses for each disease. The closer the number to 1 (one), the higher the probability of contracting one of the diseases mentioned above.</p><p>The system that has been created can already be used to detect diseases according to the characteristics or symptoms entered. However, this system is only a research and the results cannot be used as a reference for real disease diagnosis.</p><p> </p>
AI-DRIVEN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DISEASE MODELING: A REVIEW OF TECHNIQUES AND THEIR IMPACT ON PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE USA AND AFRICAN CONTEXTS
Authors: Nzubechukwu Chukwudum Ohalete  , Oluwatoyin Ayo-Farai  , Tolulope O Olorunsogo  , Paschal Maduka  , Temidayo Olorunsogo  
Published: January 2024

This scholarly paper embarks on an exploratory journey into the realm of AI-driven environmental health disease modeling, with a keen focus on its implications in the diverse healthcare landscapes of the USA and Africa. The study's background delves into the historical evolution of disease modeling techniques, emphasizing the revolutionary role of AI in modern public health strategies. It meticulously examines the comparative effectiveness of AI models in these distinct regions, addressing the challenges and opportunities inherent in AI-driven health models. Aiming to unravel the multifaceted impact of AI in disease prediction and public health policy, the paper navigates through various thematic corridors. It critically analyzes the significance of data sources and quality, ethical considerations in AI health modeling, and the integration of AI models into public health policies. The scope of the paper encompasses a comprehensive review of AI's efficacy in predicting environmental diseases, its role in enhancing disease surveillance systems, and the geographic and socioeconomic variations affecting model accuracy. The main findings reveal that AI models, while effective in disease prediction and surveillance, encounter challenges related to data integrity and ethical complexities. The study concludes that the integration of AI in healthcare necessitates a balanced approach, advocating for policies that support the development of context-specific AI models and address ethical concerns. Recommendations include fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous evaluation of AI models to align them with evolving healthcare needs and ethical standards. This paper serves as a beacon for understanding AI's transformative potential in environmental health disease modeling, offering insights that are crucial for shaping future public health strategies and interventions.
Keywords: AI in Healthcare, Disease Modeling, Public Health Policy, Data Quality, Ethical Considerations, Geographic Variations.
THE RISE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES: A GLOBAL HEALTH REVIEW OF CHALLENGES AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES
Authors: Olufunke Omotayo  , Chinedu Paschal Maduka  , Muridzo Muonde  , Tolulope O Olorunsogo  , Jane Osareme Ogugua  
Published: January 2024

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have emerged as a major global health concern, posing significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. This paper provides a succinct overview of the rising prevalence of NCDs, examining the key challenges faced and outlining preventive strategies adopted on a global scale. The escalation of NCDs, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and respiratory conditions, is intricately linked to lifestyle factors, urbanization, and demographic transitions. This paper explores the multifaceted challenges posed by the growing burden of NCDs, encompassing economic implications, disparities in healthcare access, and the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Addressing NCDs necessitates a comprehensive and multi-sectoral approach. Prevention strategies are crucial components of global health initiatives, encompassing lifestyle modifications, public health interventions, and policy frameworks. This paper outlines successful preventive measures adopted globally, including tobacco control initiatives, promotion of healthy diets and physical activity, and the integration of early screening and detection programs. Despite notable progress, several challenges persist, requiring sustained efforts to curb the NCD epidemic. Issues such as limited resources, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and the need for cross-sectoral collaboration are explored in this paper. Additionally, the role of education, awareness campaigns, and technological innovations in shaping preventive strategies is emphasized. This paper provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of the global challenges posed by the rise of NCDs and highlights effective prevention strategies. It underscores the urgency for continued collaborative efforts to mitigate the impact of NCDs on global health, with a focus on fostering healthier lifestyles, improving healthcare access, and implementing evidence-based policies.
Keywords: Non-communicable Diseases, Global Health, Prevention, Disease, Review, NCD.
Update on the seismogenic potential of the Upper Rhine Graben southern region
Authors: Michel Sylvain , Duverger Clara , Bollinger Laurent , Jara Jorge , Jolivet Romain 
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The Upper Rhine Graben (URG), located in France and Germany, is bordered by north–south-trending faults, some of which are considered active, posing a potential threat to the dense population and infrastructures on the Alsace plain. The largest historical earthquake in the region was the M6.5±0.5 Basel earthquake in 1356. Current seismicity (M>2.5 since 1960) is mostly diffuse and located within the graben. We build upon previous seismic hazard studies of the URG by exploring uncertainties in greater detail and revisiting a number of assumptions. We first take into account the limited evidence of neotectonic activity and then explore tectonic scenarios that have not been taken into account previously, exploring uncertainties for Mmax, its recurrence time, the b value, and the moment released aseismically or through aftershocks. Uncertainties in faults' moment deficit rates, on the observed seismic events' magnitude–frequency distribution and on the moment–area scaling law of earthquakes, are also explored. Assuming a purely dip-slip normal faulting mechanism associated with a simplified model with three main faults, Mmax maximum probability is estimated at Mw 6.1. Considering this scenario, there would be a 99 % probability that Mmax is less than 7.3. In contrast, with a strike-slip assumption associated with a four-main-fault model, consistent with recent paleoseismological studies and the present-day stress field, Mmax is estimated at Mw 6.8. Based on this scenario, there would be a 99 % probability that Mmax is less than 7.6.
Oreilles ethnographiques
Authors: Pecqueux Anthony 
Published: January 2024

La traduction en français du texte de deux « films-conférences » de Steven Feld est l’occasion pour Anthony Pecqueux, spécialiste entre autres de la dimension sensible des rapports sociaux, de présenter et de questionner les enjeux méthodologiques de la démarche de ce pionnier de l’anthropologie du sonore. Il explore en effet différentes méthodes d’observation et de collecte des environnements, des productions et des savoirs acoustiques de diverses sociétés, et élabore des formats de restitution de ses enquêtes capables de faire entendre ce qu’il nomme les acoustémologies.
Resíduos de endosulfan em solo (Latossolo Roxo) cultivado com soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
Authors: Corrêa Célia M. D. , Oliveira Jorge J. do V. , Tornisielo Valdemar L. 
Published: January 2024

O emprego dos agrotóxicos na agricultura reduz a perda de alimentos ao combater as pragas, porém os seus resíduos podem contaminar o meio ambiente, principalmente o solo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os níveis de resíduos do inseticida endosulfan e seu principal metabólito, sulfato de endosulfan, em solo cultivado com a soja. O experimento com a soja foi conduzido em uma área de 900m2, dividida em três parcelas iguais, destinadas ao controle (sem aplicação do inseticida), ao sistema de manejo integrado de pragas (MIP) e ao sistema convencional, com aplicações de endosulfan nas doses de 437g i.a./ha e 1312g i.a./ha, respectivamente. O endosulfan foi quantificado por cromatografia gasosa com detector de captura de elétrons (63Ni), sete dias e um ano após cada pulverização. Não foi detectado nenhum resíduo do inseticida endosulfan no solo (10-20cm), onde foi cultivada a soja no sistema MIP, dentro do limite de quantificação do método [α-endosulfan (0,005mg/g), β-endosulfan (0,005mg/g) e sulfato de endosulfan (0,1mg/g)]. O resíduo de endosulfan total no solo foi de 0,06mg/g para o MIP na profundidade de 0-10cm e para o sistema convencional os níveis foram 0,14µg/g (0-10cm) e 0,03µg/g (10-20cm). Após um ano da aplicação de endosulfan, nenhum resíduo foi detectado...
Ocorrência de ocratoxina A e aflatoxinas em arroz
Authors: Simionato Eliane M. R. S. , Astray Renato M. , Sylos Célia M. de 
Published: January 2024

Conhecer as micotoxinas que possam ser encontradas no arroz, alimento básico da população brasileira, é importante para a saúde pública. Aflatoxinas e ocratoxina A foram determinadas pelo método de Soares e Rodriguez-Amaya acrescido de partição para ciclohexano. Os testes de recuperação foram realizados em arroz polido e em arroz integral, artificialmente contaminados com aflatoxina B1 (AFB1), com ocratoxina A (OTA) e, com AFB1 e OTA juntas. Recuperações entre 93 e 104% e entre 87 a 103% foram obtidas para AFB1 em arroz polido e em arroz integral, respectivamente. Para a OTA, as recuperações estavam entre 80 e 105% para o arroz polido e entre 83 e 94% para o arroz integral. Os limites de quantificação conseguidos para AFB1, AFB2, AFG1e AFG2 foram de 1, 1, 3 e 1 µg/kg para o arroz polido, e de 3, 1, 4 e 3 µg/kg para arroz integral, respectivamente. Para a OTA foi de 4 µg/kg em arroz polido e de 10 µg/kg em arroz integral. Foram analisadas 68 amostras de arroz e não foi encontrada OTA em nenhuma delas. AFB1 foi detectada em duas amostras de arroz polido tipo 1 (2,9%), com teores de 9 e 6 µg/kg. Uma das amostras apresentou...
Nitritos e nitratos em hortícolas produzidas pelos sistemas de cultivo convencional, orgânico e hidropônico na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba**
Authors: Stertz Sônia C. , Penteado Patricia T. P. S. , Freitas Renato João S. de 
Published: January 2024

Os nitritos e nitratos acumulam-se naturalmente nos vegetais pelo efeito de diversos fatores, como temperatura, pluviometria, irrigação, regime de fertilização nitrogenada e insolação, podendo ocasionar riscos à saúde humana, relacionados à possibilidade de ocorrência da metahemoglobinemia e da formação de N-nitrosaminas com efeitos carcinogênicos, teratogênicos e mutagênicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o teor de nitritos e nitratos presentes em hortícolas convencionais (C), orgânicas (O) e hidropônicas (H), produzidas e/ou comercializadas na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba. Foram coletadas 141 amostras de hortícolas incluindo C, O e H e determinados os teores de nitritos e nitratos por cromatografia iônica de alta eficiência . As culturas que apresentaram as maiores concentrações (em mg/kg) de nitritos e nitratos foram: agrião C, O e H (498,37; 3259,59 e 2623,6); alface C, O e H (798,86; 459,98 e 1778,64); e espinafre C e O (1376,53 e 877,73). Consequentemente, foram as que apresentaram as maiores restrições ao consumo, variando de cerca de 81 e 100 g para o agrião orgânico e hidropônico, 330 e 148 g para a alface convencional e hidropônica e 192 a 301 g para o espinafre convencional e hidropônico, considerando a IDA para nitritose nitratos fixada pela Comunidade Européia...
No Value Found With Routine Early Postoperative Radiographs after Implant Removal in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Garner M. Tyrel , Ibanez Kristen , Erkilinc Mehmet , Espina-Rey Andrea , Ilgenfritz Ryan M. , Lovejoy John F. , Malone Jason B. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Implants are routinely removed in pediatric patients. Fracture through the prior implant site is a common worry after implant removal. Early post–implant removal radiographs are routinely used to evaluate the prior implant removal sites and to assess when a patient may return to normal activities. To our knowledge, the value of early, routine postoperative radiographs after elective implant removal in pediatric patients has not been studied.

Methods:
A retrospective patient cohort of pediatric patients who had implant removal from an extremity from 2017 to 2019 was used in this study. Data were collected for patient demographics, implant site, reason for primary surgery, complications, number of postoperative radiographs, radiation exposure, cost of imaging, and whether the postoperative plan was changed by imaging.

Results:
Two hundred ninety patients were included in the study. Postoperative plans were changed only in 0.69% of patients (n = 2) because of abnormal 2-week radiographs and 1.72% (n = 5) because of abnormal 6-week radiographs. However, the event's proportion difference (change of management) was not statically significant (P = 0.182) between those who had a radiograph obtained and those who did not. The mean follow-up time was 16 months. The mean number of postoperative radiographs obtained was 3.74, the mean cost per radiograph was $103, and the mean postoperative radiation exposure was 1.34 mSv. No fractures were observed after implant removal.

Discussion:
A retrospective review of the value of early, postoperative radiographs after routine orthopaedic implant removal found that postoperative radiographs at 2 and 6 weeks did not change the postoperative plan for most of the patients. Postoperative radiographs have an average cost of $103, and radiation exposure equal to approximately 6 months of natural background radiation.

Level of Evidence:
Level III
Experiências com o uso de Metodologias Ativas no Ensino Remoto Emergencial, mediadas pelas Novas Tecnologias
Authors: Ferreira Bianchini Borges Patrícia 
Published: January 2024

É sabido que as metodologias ativas oportunizam que os alunos sejam sujeitos ativos de seu processo de construção de conhecimentos, trabalhem em equipe, usem tecnologias digitais e se auto avaliem durante o processo e que incorporar as tecnologias digitais na educação não se trata de utilizá-las somente como meio ou suporte para promover aprendizagens ou despertar o interesse dos estudantes, mas sim de utilizá-las com os alunos para que construam conhecimentos com e sobre o uso delas. A reflexão acerca desses fatos deu origem ao tema proposto para este projeto de pesquisa, qual seja: o uso de metodologias ativas e das novas tecnologias no ensino remoto emergencial. A presente pesquisa trata-se, portanto, de uma investigação exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem basicamente qualitativa, permitindo uma investigação da prática pedagógica e das experiências de dois professores de Língua Portuguesa (um deles da rede pública e outro da rede particular de ensino) durante o ensino remoto emergencial, ocorrido nos dois últimos anos, acerca do uso de metodologias ativas no ensino remoto emergencial, mediadas pelas novas tecnologias. Posteriormente, à coleta de dados, procedeu-se a análise do conteúdo, no intuito de evidenciar os porquês das vantagens e/ou dificuldades quanto ao uso das metodologias ativas mediadas pelas novas tecnologias durante o ensino remoto emergencial.
The interpreters of Ainu language in the lands of Ezo in the 17<sup>th</sup> – 18<sup>th</sup> centuries (based on Japanese archive materials)
Authors: Klimova O. V. 
Published: January 2024

This article, based on Japanese sources, discusses the question of how the Ainu language interpreters’ guild was formed, what functions translators performed, and how their status changed in the period from the 17th to the 18th centuries. During this time, Japan pursued the policy of self-isolation, and all contacts with the outside world were closely controlled by the government. However, in the places where contact with foreign culture did occur, interpreters were needed. So, there were interpreters of Chinese, Korean, and Dutch languages. In the island of Hokkaido, where trade with the local Ainu took place, the interpreters of Ainu language were needed. In this article, the history of Ainu language interpreters and their first appearance is researched based on Japanese archive materials. The research also focuses on the functions the interpreters performed and their status in Japanese society at the time. There was a separate category of interpreters of the Ainu language in Matsumae, who were involved exclusively in important official events of the Matsumae clan. Their functions and positions in society, as well as the first mentions of Ainu language experts who succeeded in their profession, are also examined in detail. Particular attention is paid to the status and functions of the interpreters of the Ainu language in Ezo at the beginning of the 18th century, when a new basho trading system was introduced in Japan. The subject of the Ezo interpreters’ level of command of the Ainu language is also in the focus of the research. The study mentions the attempts to compile the first dictionaries of the Ainu language and the difficulties that came with it. The author concludes that the functions of interpreters of the Ainu language have undergone tremendous changes. In the 17th century, the services of interpreters were used only for the occasions of trade, as well as ceremonies of welcoming or escorting a ship. By the end of the 18th century, they stood at the forefront of the Japanese control of the Ainu. Their rights and obligations were so extensive that, in fact, they, as representatives of local authorities, completely controlled the Ainu people.
Melk en Water: verdunning van melk, versterking van schuld
Authors: Cnossen J.P. (Jelle) 
Published: January 2024

Melk en Water: verdunning van melk, versterking van schuld
Het Melk en Water-arrest is gewezen naar aanleiding van een relatief klein strafrechtelijk vergrijp, maar is groot in zijn betekenis. Het staat bij elke (strafrecht)jurist bekend als een ‘doorbraak’ op het terrein van het schuldbeginsel en als het arrest waarin de buitenwettelijke strafuitsluitingsgrond afwezigheid van alle schuld ontstond. Tegelijk roept het arrest ruim honderd jaar later nog vragen op, ondanks regelmatige aandacht voor dit arrest in de literatuur. Ik noem enkele vragen. Waarom moest er een arrest van de Hoge Raad aan te pas komen om het schuldbeginsel – dat toch ook reeds voor 1916 als fundamenteel uitgangspunt van het strafrecht te gelden had – in het materiële strafrecht te effectueren? Had Modderman niet reeds bepaald dat schuld een onmisbaar element van strafbaarheid vormde (ook bij overtredingen)? Waarom gebeurde deze erkenning of explicitering van het schuldbeginsel juist bij het Melk en Water-arrest, en niet al bij een eerdere gelegenheid na invoering van het Wetboek van Strafrecht in 1886? Hoe verhoudt zich de buitenwettelijke uitbreiding van het stelsel van strafuitsluitingsgronden zich tot de ‘geslotenheid’ die de wetgever voor ogen had bij dit stelsel?
De invulling van het begrip ‘zwaar lichamelijk letsel’ bij baby’s met botbreuken
Authors: Remmink T.G. (Thijs) 
Published: January 2024

De invulling van het begrip ‘zwaar lichamelijk letsel’ bij baby’s met botbreuken
In deze bijdrage staan kindermishandelingszaken centraal waarin het slachtoffer een baby met een of meerdere botbreuken is. De hypothese van dit onderzoek luidt dat de omstandigheid dat botbreuken bij baby’s (doorgaans) binnen enkele weken volledig herstellen zonder dat hiervoor medisch ingrijpen nodig is, ertoe leidt dat botbreuken bij baby’s minder snel worden gekwalificeerd als ‘zwaar lichamelijk letsel’ dan bij volwassen slachtoffers. Dit genezingsproces is typerend voor deze groep jonge slachtoffers.Tegen de achtergrond van het rechtsbelang waaronder de mishandelingsdelicten vallen en mede aan de hand van gesprekken met medisch-forensisch deskundigen wordt in deze bijdrage gereflecteerd op de wijze waarop feitenrechters in deze kindermishandelingszaken invulling geven aan het begrip ‘zwaar lichamelijk letsel’.
De strijd tegen de opioïdenepidemie
Authors: Nijssen J. 
Published: January 2024

De strijd tegen de opioïdenepidemie
De afgelopen jaren is er steeds meer aandacht voor de opioïdencrisis in de Verenigde Staten. Dit artikel geeft een overzicht van de waarborgen van de Geneesmiddelenwet en de Opiumwet om een dergelijke crisis in Nederland te voorkomen. Geconcludeerd moet worden dat er in beide wetten verbeteringen mogelijk zijn.
Características físico-químicas de caldas inseticidas e adjuvantes utilizados no controle de percevejos em soja
Authors: Costa Lilian Lúcia , Pereira Flávia Dionísio , Araújo Érica Fernandes Leão , Oliveira Danielle de Paula , Costa Ângela Lúcia 
Published: January 2024

Estudos mais detalhados sobre a ação de adjuvantes na melhoria da qualidade das aplicações são indispensáveis quando se busca atingir o alvo desejado de forma mais eficiente. Objetivou-se avaliar as características físico-químicas de diferentes misturas de inseticidas e adjuvantes no controle de percevejos fitófagos em soja. Os tratamentos foram representados pela combinação de dois inseticidas (Acetamiprido + Alfa-cipermetrina e Zeta-cipermetrina + Bifentrina) combinados com três adjuvantes (Assist® - óleo mineral; Prime® e Prime citrus® - fertilizantes foliares com características de adjuvantes) e um tratamento adicional em que foi aplicado somente água. Foram realizadas as avaliações do espectro das gotas, tensão superficial, ângulo de contato e compatibilidade físico-química das caldas. Os inseticidas e adjuvantes avaliados reduzem a tensão superficial e ângulo de contato em relação à água. O inseticida Hero® associado aos adjuvantes Assist®, Prime® e Prime Citrus® apresentam maior uniformidade do espectro de gotas do que Fastac Duo® associado aos mesmos adjuvantes. O inseticida Fastac Duo® associado ao adjuvante Prime Citrus® oferece maior risco de deriva em relação aos demais. O adjuvante Prime® diminui o pH e a condutividade elétrica das caldas com os inseticidas Hero® e Fastac Duo®. A compatibilidade físico-química entre os inseticidas e os adjuvantes avaliados é dependente do período de repouso sendo fundamental a agitação constante antes e durante a aplicação.