bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Concise Review on Magnetic Nanoparticles: Their Properties, Types, Synthetic Methods, and Current Trending Applications
Authors: Meenakshi M. , Bhaskar R. , Kumar S.K. Ashok , Kumar R. Selva 
Published: December 2023

:
In recent years, there has been significant research on developing magnetic nanoparticles
(MNPs) with multifunctional characteristics. This review focuses on the properties and various
types of MNPs, methods of their synthesis, and biomedical, clinical, and other applications.
These syntheses of MNPs were achieved by various methods, like precipitation, thermal, pyrolysis,
vapor deposition, and sonochemical. MNPs are nano-sized materials with diameters ranging
from 1 to 100 nm. The MNPs have been used for various applications in biomedical, cancer
theranostic, imaging, drug delivery, biosensing, environment, and agriculture. MNPs have been
extensively researched for molecular diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutic outcome monitoring
in a range of illnesses. They are perfect for biological applications, including cancer therapy,
thrombolysis, and molecular imaging, because of their nanoscale size, surface area, and absence
of side effects. In particular, MNPs can be used to conjugate chemotherapeutic medicines (or)
target ligands/proteins, making them beneficial for drug delivery. However, up until that time,
some ongoing issues and developments in MNPs include toxicity and biocompatibility, targeting
accuracy, regulation and safety, clinical translation, hyperthermia therapy, immunomodulatory
effects, multifunctionality, and nanoparticle aggregation.
The Mechanism of Energy Changes That Occur Depending on the Ratio of
Force and Speed in The Example of Bicycle Ergometric Testing
Authors: Yura Nedotsuk , Laptev Aleksej 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
For the first time, in the aspect of biophysics, the reasons for the increase in the power of the threshold of anaerobic metabolism developed by the test person during
functional diagnostics.

Methods:
This occurs with an increase in the pedaling frequency with which the specified load on
a bicycle ergometer in the range from 40 to 140 rpm (0.73-2.56 m/s) is overcome, have been substantiated.

Results:
It was determined that the ratio of force and velocity in the studied range of pedaling frequencies (muscle contractile speed) corresponds to the hyperbolic type with displaced axes

Conclusion:
At the same time, with an increase in pedaling frequency, power increases in a cubic dependence, and the rate of oxygen consumption by the test subject decreases linearly in the
process of overcoming the same fixed-power load set on a bicycle ergometer and vice versa.
Cell Death Mechanisms Elicited by Multifactorial Stress Inducers- A Minireview
Authors: Girigoswami Agnishwar , Girigoswami Koyeli 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Throughout the cell cycle, the cells are exposed to various endogenous and exogenous factors
that could damage the cell at the molecular or extracellular level, leading to its death. Cells can
undergo oxidative stress when they are exposed to repeated doses of oxidants produced by metabolism
or the result of exposure to toxic chemicals, radiations, nanoparticles, harmful smoke, etc. Reactive
oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are examples of these oxidants, and the
body's primary defense, i.e., the antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant molecules, attempt to scavenge
them. Repair mechanisms can protect the DNA to some extent even when they are escaped from this
defense system. However, damaged cells can also choose to die in different ways. Different types of
cell death can be caused by exposure to different types of nanoparticles, nanostructures, toxic molecules,
oxidants, and radiation. This mini-review will discuss reported types of cell death in the literature
such as necrosis, necroptosis, secondary necrosis, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, oncosis, and
other eight types of cell death. The different pathways of these types of cell deaths are also described in
detail mentioning the differences of enzymes involved in these pathways.
Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) Bisbee Group, Arizpe area, northern Sonora, Mexico: Integrated biostratigraphy, age and provenance from U-Pb and Hf isotopes
Authors: González-León Carlos M , Sierra-Rojas María Isabel , Scott Robert W. , Solari Luigi A. , Lawton Timothy F. , Noury Mélanie , Vásquez-Salazar Michelle 
Published: December 2023

New data on the stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, detrital zircon U-Pb, and Hf isotope geochronology of a Lower Cretaceous succession of the Bisbee Group in northern Sonora, Mexico that accumulated in the Altar-Cucurpe sub-basin help to constrain ages of their formations and documents the detrital provenance. These tectonically shortened strata, studied in the Arizpe area, crop out in the Cerro La Ceja block (CCB) composed of the upper Morita Formation, the complete Mural Limestone, and Cintura Formations, and the lower part of La Juana Formation. The Sierra Los Azulitos block (SAB), composed of the Mural Limestone, is thrust eastward over the CCB. A measured section of the Mural Limestone in the SAB block includes the upper Tuape Shale, Los Coyotes, Cerro La Puerta, and part of the Cerro La Espina members whose age is constrained as upper Aptian to lower Albian based on benthic and planktonic foraminifera, bivalves and echinoderms. The age of the boundary between the Morita and Tuape Shale Member is constrained by detrital zircon maximum depositional ages (MDA) of 115.8 ± 1.1 Ma and 113.9 ± 0.8 Ma, respectively. The MDA of the upper Mural is 111.6 ± 1.6 Ma and the MDA of basal Cintura Formation is 108.8 ± 1.1 Ma. The La Juana Formation has upper Albian bivalves and echinoderms.
About one-quarter of the detrital zircon grains dated from the five sandstone samples have Proterozoic ages with age peaks that clearly indicate provenance from basement rocks of southwestern Laurentia. More than two-thirds of the grains are of Jurassic and Early Cretaceous age in about the same proportions, and have main peaks at 166, 150, and 118 Ma. The Jurassic grains may have sources in rocks of the Jurassic Cordilleran continental magmatic arc of southwestern North America, and the most probable sources for the Cretaceous grains are arcs of the Peninsular Ranges batholith that by that time were located adjacent to coastal Sonora. Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous zircons dated from 195.3 to 106.8 Ma both have mixed εHf(t) values that range from 9.53 to -21.28, and TDM model ages between 0.4 to 0.8 Ga for the primitive grains, and 0.8 to 1.3 Ga for the more evolved zircons. The probable source for the Jurassic grains with negative εHf values might be local granites of that age in northern Sonora that have Neoproterozoic TDM model ages. In contrast, sources for the Jurassic zircon with positive Hf values may be Jurassic igneous and metaigneous rocks of the Peninsular Ranges Batholith of the Californias, although data reported are scarce. Similarly, the Early Cretaceous detrital zircon grains with mixed positive and negative εHf values may have provenance from igneous rocks of the Peninsular Ranges Batholith-Sierra Nevada magmatic arc.
Experiencia de los cuidadores informales en Colombia: Revisión sistemática y metasíntesis
Authors: Torres-Sanmiguel Andres Felipe , Carreño-Moreno Sonia , Chaparro-Diaz Lorena 
Published: December 2023

Introducción: Los cuidadores tienen una forma particular de vivir la experiencia de cuidar, adaptándose al sistema de salud que no los reconoce como sujetos de cuidado, y que descarga en ellos labores para las cuales no están preparados ni acompañados en su trayectoria. Objetivo: Integrar los hallazgos de estudios primarios en una metasíntesis cualitativa para describir la experiencia de los cuidadores informales en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Revisión sistemática de literatura cualitativa o metasíntesis cualitativa. Búsqueda sistemática en metabuscadores incluyendo los descriptores: cuidadores, experiencia, investigación cualitativa, Colombia. La selección de los estudios se realizó con base en la metodología PRISMA y la herramienta COREQ, disponible en la red EQUATOR. Resultados: Se incluyeron 20 estudios primarios cualitativos, se codificaron en 250 códigos nominales, clasificados en 6 categorías centrales: relación entre la diada con su contexto, tocar fondo para fortalecerse espiritualmente, entrega, sobreprotección y limitación propia, momentos claves para adaptarse a cuidar, relación consigo mismo, sistema de salud, políticas y apoyo institucional. Conclusión: Los cuidadores comparten la experiencia de enfermedad junto con su ser querido. Se necesita transformar el sistema de salud para satisfacer las necesidades de las diadas en lugar de las necesidades del enfermo o discapacitado.
Book review: Lyubimov A.G., Novozhilova L.A. At the breaking: from the history of the Orenburg Cossacks: articles, essays (Chelyabinsk, 2023)
Authors: Aminov Rustem Ravilevich 
Published: December 2023

This review is an analysis of a new collection of articles and essays on the history of the Orenburg Cossack army (OCA), covering mainly the period from 1914 to the 1930s. The work is replete with rich factual material, collected for the most part in the archives. Here the reader discovers information about the missing, wounded, killed Cossacks during the First World War (1914–1918) and the Civil War (1917– 1922). The authors focus their attention on the events that took place on the territory of the modern Chelyabinsk region. When publishing memoirs about N.D. Kashirin provides comments and brief information about the contemporaries of the events.
For citation: Aminov R.R. Book review: Lyubimov A.G., Novozhilova L.A. At the breaking: from the history of the Orenburg Cossacks: articles, essays (Chelyabinsk, 2023). From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2023, vol.13, no.3, pp.161–166. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2023-13-3.161-166 (In Russian)
The image of the Golden Horde womens in the notes of an Arab traveler Ibn Battuta
Authors: Sayfetdinova Elmira Gadelzyanovna 
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the image of the woman of the Golden Horde in the description of the Arab traveler Ibn Battuta, who visited the headquarters of the Golden Horde ruler Uzbek Khan in 1334. The author focuses on the view of the Arab traveler to the attitude of the Jochids towards their women and the effective use of their potential in the politics and public life of the state. Information is given in which the traveler tells in detail about the meeting with women and assesses the status of the women of the ruling elite of the Golden Horde, who left their mark on the development of the country.
For citation: Sayfetdinova E.G. The image of the Golden Horde womens in the notes of an Arab traveler Ibn Battuta. From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. vol.13, no.4, pp.10–17. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2023-13-4.10-17 (In Russian)
Ufa ladies’ fashion (formation of provincial fashion industry in post-reform Russia)
Authors: Rodnov Mikhail Igorevich 
Published: December 2023

The process of formation of one of the branches of commercial and industrial activity – the fashion industry, which included the sale and production of goods for women in the Russian province in the 1860s–1880s – is considered. The subject of study is gender history, raising the status of a woman who becomes an independent owner or manager of a business. In the post-reform period, the rapid development of trade in women’s goods began for representatives of the "middle" and "upper" classes of Ufa, the capital of a separate province that emerged in 1865. Due to the transport isolation of the region, only during the summer navigation period the river shipping company operated, the delivery of "fashionable" goods from the capitals and abroad through Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan sharply increased the cost of products. Therefore, an independent system for the production of women’s clothing, hats, shoes and even jewelry is being developed in Ufa. It was practically the only purely female business in the city, covering about a third to a quarter of all establishments. Either the owners or managers who actually managed the business were women. Initially, the fashion industry of Ufa as an entertainment for wealthy officials and merchants who dreamed of breaking out of everyday life, quickly transformed into a serious business, acquiring the features of small-scale production with a considerable number of employees. Women’s entrepreneurship in the fashion industry was distinguished by a higher socio-cultural level; noblewomen (officials) and merchant women made up 2/3 of the owners of establishments, while the production of men’s clothing and shoes was dominated by the bourgeoisie. This situation persisted for about 30 years, until the railroad arrived in Ufa in 1888. The influx of cheaper imports has dramatically changed the situation.
For citation: Rodnov M.I. Ufa ladies’ fashion (formation of provincial fashion industry in post-reform Russia). From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2023. vol.13, no.4, pp.49–68. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2023-13-4.49-68 (In Russian)
The diagnostic accuracy of the NICE risk‑stratification algorithm in predicting pre-eclampsia: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Morris James , Abualnaja Siraj , Baumgarten Miriam 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of
pregnancy which, left untreated, can cause significant foeto-maternal
morbidity. Accordingly, the National Institution for Health and Care
Excellence (NICE) recommends that high-risk women be prescribed daily
prophylaxis with 75-150mg aspirin from twelve weeks’ gestation until
delivery. NICE stratifies risk using eleven maternal risk factors;
however, no secondary research has been published evaluating the
diagnostic accuracy of this algorithm. This systematic review and
meta-analysis evaluates the sensitivity and specificity of the NICE
risk‑stratification algorithm in predicting pre‑eclampsia in pregnant
women ≥16 years. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted
using PubMed, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS to identify relevant papers
with a CBEM Level of Evidence ≤4. A total of twenty eligible studies and
892,061 pregnancies were included in our analyses. The logit-transformed
sensitivities and specificities from each study were modelled as a
bivariate distribution with random effects in order to generate
maximum-likelihood estimates (MLEs) for the overall sensitivity and
specificity of the algorithm in predicting
pre-eclampsia. Results: MLEs for the NICE algorithm’s
sensitivity and specificity were 44.4% (95% CI 33.7-55.5) and 88.3%
(95% CI 83.9-91.6), respectively. Significant heterogeneity was
exhibited between the sensitivities (I=99.8%, 95%
CI = 99.54-99.65) and specificities (I=99.88%, 95%
CI = 99.87-99.89) calculated by each of the included studies.
Consequently, there is a low degree of certainty in these
estimates. Conclusions: The NICE risk‑stratification algorithm
performs remarkably poorly when used to predict pre‑eclampsia in any of
three gestational categories. Clinicians should advise women that around
1 in 5 high-risk patients and 1 in 25 low-risk patients go on to develop
pre‑eclampsia. However, future studies will likely alter the values of
these statistics and the confidence therein. Key
Words: Pre-eclampsia, High-risk Pregnancy, Sensitivity and Specificity,
Predictive Value of Tests, Clinical Decision Rules.
Method of justification of the requirements for metrological support of repair of objects with variable structure
Authors: Ryzhov Yevhen , Sakovych Lev , Kuriata Yana , Sliusarchuk Oleksandr , Volkov Oleksandr , Nastishin Yuriy 
Published: December 2023

A new method of justification of the requirements for measuring equipment (ME) is proposed. For the first time, the method accounts for the potential variability of the product structure during its intended use, and thus, allows minimizing the requirements concerning the probability of estimating the values of diagnostic parameters of the product during its current repair (CR), thereby reducing the cost of ME. In addition, partial (in particular, time between failures and average recovery time) and multi-component (in particular, the readiness/non-readiness factors) values of the reliability indices are quantitatively estimated and which meet the requirements. The task is solved algorithmically using the approaches of technical diagnostics and metrology. Based on the prescribed requirements for the reliability indices of the product, the justified ME for CR is selected. To achieve the goal, recent advances in modelling the reliability of large-scale facilities and systems with variable structure, as well as metrology methods for assessing the impact of the reliability of the ME on the value of the average recovery time of multimode facilities during their CR are involved. To our best knowledge, the application of these possibilities has not been reported yet. The paper formalizes the procedure for applying the obtained results in the form of an algorithm, which allows increasing the efficiency of the method, benefiting from its advantages. The application of the proposed method is illustrated for a piece of real communication equipment, namely a subsystem controlling the functioning of a high-power radio transmitter. It is demonstrated that, based on the requirements stated in the guidance documents regarding the value of the average recovery time of an object with variable structure, the selection of metrological characteristics and type of ME can be justified. Alternatively, the problem can be solved based on the given value of the reliability index of a multicomponent product, the so-called readiness factor. An example of assessing the efficiency by the proposed method is presented. The proposed method is recommended for the development of metrological support for CR of prospective radio-electronic tools with variable structure.
Campur Kode Dalam Video Blog Channel Youtube Erikacang
Authors: Octhalia Ranti , Putri Meira Anggia 
Published: December 2023

Code mixing is a phenomenon that can be encountered in everyday life, but there are still many who do not realize that when communicate, sometimes we do code mixing. Youtube is a video-based social media that has social interactions in it. One type of video found on YouTube is a video blog and we can found code mixing on several video blogs. This study aims to describe the forms and causes of code mixing on the Erikacang YouTube video blog channel. This type of research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. In this study, 17 data were found in the mixed code in the form of insertion, 28 mixed code for alternation forms, and one data for the form of congruent lexicalization. Meanwhile the findings of the cause of code mixing were 32 data caused by the habits of the speakers, three data was caused by there are no proper words in the used language, and 11 data because the speaker wanted to show off his learning or position.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN GAME EDUKASI EDUCANDY TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN GOI SISWA SMAN 6 PADANG
Authors: Irvan Muhammad , Arni Rita 
Published: December 2023

Numerous students consider it is challenging to master goi when learning Japanese, and the enormous amount of goi is one of the obstacles to learning Japanese. This study discovered that students find it challenging to master goi based on observations performed while conducting Educational Field Experience Practice (PPLK) at the Senior High School of 6 Padang and being interviewed by Japanese teachers. Due to students’ lack of enthusiasm and motivation in learning goi; thus, students did not have much ability to learn goi. Therefore, teaching media is necessary to engage students’ interest and facilitate their learning goi. The usage of educational media can overcome this issue. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational media on the ability of goi in tenth-grade students of Senior High School of 6 Padang. This study employed a quantitative and experimental design with a post-test control group design. The data collected comprised 72 sampled from tenth-grade students majoring in Mathematics and Natural Sciences 3 and Mathematics and Natural Sciences 2. Based on the findings of the independent sample t-test, it can be inferred that h1 was accepted at a sig. level was 0.0045<0.05, indicating that the goi ability of students in the experimental class is superior to that of students in the control class. In other words, the usage of educandy media affected the goi skills of tenth-grade students of Senior High School of 6 Padang.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ СВЯЗИ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ МИКРОЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ С ТАБАКОКУРЕНИЕМ
Authors: Спирин Владимир , Долич Владимир , Комлева Наталия , Заикина Инна , Поздняков Михаил , Скворцова Надежда , Чекмизова Елена 
Published: December 2023

Представлены результаты исследования, посвященного изучению влияния табакокурения на функциональное состояние микроциркуляторного русла с помощью высокочастотной ультразвуковой допплерографии.
Цель исследования – изучение показателей микроциркуляции у лиц трудоспособного возраста с учетом табакокурения.
Материалы и методы. В рамках одномоментного исследования на базе Саратовского медицинского научного центра гигиены ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» обследованы 75 лиц трудоспособного возраста (35-45 лет) мужского пола. Основную группу (n=50) составили лица, курящие в настоящее время табачные изделия, контрольную группу (n=25) – лица, у которых в анамнезе отсутствует курение табачной и иной курительной продукции. Для оценки состояния микроциркуляторного русла применяли ультразвуковой диагностический прибор ММ-Д-К «Минимакс Допплер-К». Показатели регистрировали в области мочки левого уха: Vas – максимальная систолическая скорость кровотока по кривой средней скорости; PI – индекс эластичности сосудов или индекс пульсации (Гослинга); RI – индекс периферического сопротивления (Пурсело). Статистическая обработка полученных данных была проведена с помощью программы Statistica 10 (StatSoft Inc., США).
Результаты. Полученные данные показывают, что табакокурение способствует снижению эластичности сосудистой стенки, повышению периферического сопротивления сосудистой стенки. Также установлены корреляционные связи между следующими показателями: Vas и PI; Vas и RI; PI и RI. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о системной дисфункции эндотелия, обусловленной табакокурением. Выявленные нарушения состояния микроциркуляторного русла под воздействием табакокурения являются одним из звеньев патогенеза различных неинфекционных хронических заболеваний. Таким образом, весьма перспективно исследование с целью изучения роли табакокурения в развитии ряда заболеваний с применением высокочастотной ультразвуковой допплерографии.
Використання нечітких моделей у дослідженнях сейсмологічних процесів регіону
Authors: Сабов Д. П. , Шаркаді М. М. , Сабо Т. Ш. 
Published: December 2023

Землетруси здатні спричиняти масштабні руйнування та завдавати шкоди людському
життю, тому це є предметом багатьох досліджень. Вчені та дослідники прагнуть покращити
наше розуміння природи підземних поштовхів та пропонують різні методи передбачення їх
початку та оцінки їх впливу.
Нечітке моделювання знаходить широке застосування в дослідженні землетрусів, охоплюючи
передбачення землетрусів, оцінку небезпеки, аналіз ризику та розробку систем підтримки
прийняття рішень. Нечіткі моделі здатні інтегрувати дані різного типу, такі як сейсмічні
дані, геодезичні вимірювання та геологічні дані, щоб передбачити ймовірність і силу
майбутніх землетрусів. Крім того, ці моделі можуть враховувати зміни в часі та просторі
під час виникнення землетрусів, дозволяючи ідентифікувати регіони з високим ризиком і
обчислювати потенційні збитки.
У статті запропоновано застосування підходу нечіткого моделювання в сейсмічних
дослідженнях, а також використання нечіткої логіки в сейсмічному моделюванні для обробки
неточних даних і врахування невизначеностей. Комбінації нечітких моделей з іншими
обчислювальними методами та джерелами даних використані для підвищення точності та
передбачуваності.