bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activated Carbon Based on Chitin Derived from Tiger Shrimp Shell (Penaeus Monodon) with Self-doping Nitrogen-Oxygen for Supercapacitor Material
Authors: Farma Rakhmawati , Valensia Indira , Apriyani Irma , Awitdrus Awitdrus , Taer Erman 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak. Material karbon berbasis biopolimer chitin yang tersedia secara alami mendapat perhatian yang substansial sebagai sumber karbon berpori untuk elektroda sel superkapasitor. Fokus utama pada penelitian ini adalah pada karbon berpori berasal dari biopolimer Chitin berbasis cangkang udang dengan doping heteroatom beserta kompositnya dalam aplikasi sel superkapasitor. Tahap pembuatan elektroda karbon melalui proses pra-karbonisasi, aktivasi kimia KOH 0, 0,3 dan 0,5 M, karbonisasi-aktivasi fisika masing-masing dialiri gas N2 dan CO2. Selain itu, untuk menghadirkan permukaan hidrofibik dalam sistem larutan elektrolit yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja sel superkapasitor dapat dilakukan dengan pendopingan oksigen dan nitrogen secara internal. Elektroda karbon yang dihasilkan dikarekterisasi untuk menentukan sifat fisisnya seperti karakterisasi XRD dan FTIR. Analisis sifat elektrokimia sel superkapasitor untuk menentukan nilai kapasitansi spesifik dengan menggunakan metode CV dan GCD. Elektroda yang dihasilkan menunjukkan puncak landai dan beberapa puncak tajam yang mengindikasikan struktur mikrokristalin serta gugus fungsi yang mengandung oksigen dan nitrogen dengan nilai kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi sebesar 227 F/g pada laju pemindaian 1 mV/s di dalam larutan H2SO4 1 M. Studi ini memaparkan strategi yang efektif untuk pengembangan superkapasitor berkinerja tinggi secara ekonomis dari limbah biomassa berbasis chitin yang bersifat terbarukan. Abstract. Naturally available chitin biopolymer-based carbon materials are receiving substantial attention as porous carbon sources for supercapacitor cell electrodes. The main focus of this research is on porous carbon derived from shrimp shell-based Chitin biopolymer with doping heteroatoms and their composites in supercapacitor cell applications. The steps for making carbon electrodes were through a process of pre-carbonization, chemical activation 0, 0.3 and 0.5 M KOH, carbonization-physical activation, each flowed with N2 and CO2 gas. In addition, to presenting a hydrophobic surface in the electrolyte solution system which can improve the performance of supercapacitor cells can be done by doping oxygen and nitrogen internally. The resulting carbon electrode is characterized to determine its physical properties such as XRD and FTIR characterization. Analysis of the electrochemical properties of supercapacitor cells to determine specific capacitance values using CV and GCD methods. The resulting electrode showed a sloping peak and several sharp peaks indicating a microcrystalline structure and functional groups containing oxygen and nitrogen with the highest specific capacitance value of 227 F/g at a scan rate of 1 mV/s in 1 M H2SO4 solution. This study describes an effective strategy for the economic development of high-performance supercapacitors from chitin-based biomass waste which is renewable.
The Influence of Temporality: Exhibiting Architecture and the Prospect of Immediacy of Discipline at the Venice Biennale
Authors: Ereš Davor 
Published: October 2023

The state of architecture being exhibited and (re)exposed through formats of public display does not present the central framework of architectural production. However, the condition of exhibiting architecture is opening a set of valuable prospects for the discipline – it creates a specific temporal form of displacement for architecture in which a multifaceted set of connotations and views of this discipline is being provoked. The exhibition and its structure are understood here primarily as a point in time; a specific temporal form with its own tactics of appearance that make the notion of contemporaneity occur.
Taking the context of the Venice Biennale of Architecture as the most prominent platform for global overview of architectural practice, this paper will reflect on today’s relevance of architecture as an aesthetic discipline related not only to designing (projection and production of architecture), but to its post-production (exhibiting architecture) as well. Claiming that architectural contemporaneity is motivated primarily by the urge for actuality – setting the new emerges as the formative property of the discipline.
This paper aims to prove that the specific temporal form of exhibition reveals a proposition for regenerating the competency of architectural discipline. This proposition about being present manifests itself as a prospect for the immediacy of the discipline, as the qualitative evidence of architecture’s immanency to continuously reconstitute and actualize, maintaining the passage to keep its influence in shaping our world.
Factors Influencing the Perception and its Impact on Self-rated Health: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Singh Lami , Sahithi Bogireddy , Ahad Hindustan Abdul , Kumar Bandaru Pavan , Madhusudhan Vadde 
Published: October 2023

Objectives:
A cross-sectional survey was made on self-rated health, which is a simple and easy-to-administer measure of general health. It is a valid and reliable measure among those without cognitive impairment. Initially, it replaced clinical assessments in survey research and clinical settings.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a cross-sectional survey and the study was conducted in a community-based online survey of 6-month duration. Psychologically ill patients, pregnant women, and pediatrics were excluded from this study. The sample size was set to be >800, and the collected data were 806. The data was procured from every willing individual in the age group of 18-60 years old. To identify the similarity and variances in their responses, they were correlated with the health rating of the responders. The physicians at RDT Hospital, Bathalapalli, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh Prepared and validated the data collection form.

Results:
This study was evaluated to check the impact of health literacy on one’s health. All the factors were included and taken into consideration while framing the questionnaire. The parameters and the respondent’s answers were compared and correlated they were assessed by two-tailed test and significantly correlated using Pearson’s correlation. The self-rating of the health of the responders was found to be 47%. The major factors affecting health are age, gender, body mass index (BMI), occupation, weight profile, work profile, surrounding hygiene, quality of life, physical activity, eating habits, regular sleep cycle, sleep quality, stress factor, psychological and mental health, comorbidities, side effects, nutritional supplements, self-medication or doctor’s prescription, and literacy score. Respondent’s physical activities were collected and found to be 89.7% negative and statistically significant. The BMI of the responders was classified into four categories: Underweight (16.7%), normal (51.86%), overweight (20.09%), and obese (7.94%). It was found to be negatively significant and two-tailed correlated.

Conclusion:
The study has now provided evidence on what factors influence an individual’s health self-rating and how these factors correlate to influence each other on the same platform.
Trace Fossils Of The Selorejo Formation, Rembang Zone, North East Java Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Rizkianto Yody , Choiriah Siti Umiyatun , Subandrio Achmad , Haty Intan Paramita , Isnani Desi Kumala , Nurwantari Nanda Ajeng , Syah Darmawa Muhammad Ardiyan , Wirandoko Hendry 
Published: October 2023

The Rembang Zone of the North East Java Basin is a zone that develops as a petroleum system and is one of the areas with Indonesia’s largest oil reserves. One of the lithologies in the Rembang Zone is a sedimentary rock carbonated as a marker of marine sediments. The outcrop is continuous and rich in trace fossils, especially in the Ledok and Selorejo Formations. The existence of trace fossil outcrops is crucial for the learning process of earth science, biology, and other sciences, but recently these outcrops have been closed and have become damaged. Their numbers are decreasing due to community mining activities, so unique research on trace fossils in the Rembang Zone must be done immediately. This research aims to discover the variation of trace fossils found in the Selorejo Formation. The methods used are field mapping, measured stratigraphic measurements, rock sampling, and laboratory analysis (sedimentology, petrography, and paleontology). The research shows trace fossils in Planolites, Helminthopsis, Thalassinoides, Conichnus, Chondrites, Macaronichnus, Bergauria, Ophiomorpha, Skolithos, Terebellina, Palaeophycus, and Asterosoma.
A geological overview of the limestone members of the Woyla Group of Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Adhari Muhammad Ridha , Hidayat Rahmat 
Published: October 2023

Mesozoic limestone units of the Woyla group were identified in many places across the northern part of Sumatra, Indonesia. Even though these sedimentary rocks may play an important role as an element of the potential Pre-Tertiary hydrocarbon play of Sumatra, their characteristics are still not well understood. This study tries to fill this research gap and aims to better understand the characteristics of the limestone members of the Woyla group. There are three objectives of this study: (1) to characterise structural features, and deformation of the Woyla Group; (2) to provide sedimentary characteristics of the limestone members of the Woyla Group; and (3) to understand the main influences on the development of the limestone members of the Woyla Group. An integrated geological analyses, including structural scanline analysis, petrographic analysis, and acid digestion analysis, was conducted to achieve the objectives of this study.
Findings from this research show that the limestone members of the Woyla group were strongly deformed, and structural features such as bedded strata, faults, folds, and joints were identified within these rocks. The limestone units of the Woyla group consist of at least six microfacies. These are wackestone, packstone, wackestone-packstone, packstone-rudstone, fossiliferous sandstone, and fossiliferous shale. Depositional processes, sea level fluctuations, tectonisms, and climatic variations are interpreted as the main factors influencing the development and evolution of these limestone units. It is expected that the results of this study could advance our understanding of the Pre-Tertiary carbonate rocks in general, and the Woyla group of Sumatra in particular.
The Effect of Citrus amblycarpa Hassk Extract Against Rattus norvegicus Body Weight with High-Fat Diet
Authors: Panghiyangani Roselina , Utami Juliyatin Putri , Rosida Lena , Pratiwi Dewi Indah Noviana 
Published: October 2023

Background: Obesity is a complex disease that is generally accompanied by insulin resistance and increased oxidative stress and the expression of inflammatory markers that contribute to the accumulation of body fat mass. Lemons contain high levels of flavonoids and essential oils so that they have the potential to control appetite and play a role in fat breakdown. Purpose: to determine the effect of Citrus amblycarpa Hass extract on weight loss of rats fed a high-fat diet.Objective: Rattus novergicus Wistar strain aged 2-3 months and randomly divided into 6 groupsMethods: The dried Citrus amblycarpa Hass peel was extracted by maceration method with 70% ethanol as solvent. Variations in the dose of Citrus amblycarpa Hass peel extract given were 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg BW. There were 6 groups of treated rats with 30 rats total sample. The weight of the mice from each treatment group was measured for 6 weeks and then the average body weight of each group was analyzed using Kruskall Wallis with the Mann-Whitney further test.Results: The data showed that administration of Citrus amblycarpa Hass peel extract had a significant effect on weight loss of Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet with p= 0.00 (p <0.05). The average body weight of the 300 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW extract treated rats was significantly different from the control group that was not given the C. amblycarpa Hass peel extract, but the average body weight in the 200 mg/kg BW dose group did not show a significant difference.Conclusion: There is an effect of C. amblycarpa Hass peel extract in reducing the body weight of Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet significantly at doses of 300 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW.
Association Between LMP-1 and p16 Expression with Prognostic Factor of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Nur Rizki Widya , Karlowee Vega , Prasetyo Awal 
Published: October 2023

Background: LMP-1 and p16 expression are potential biomarkers for nasopharyngeal prognostic factors. EBV interferes with intracellular signaling processes related to cell cycle regulation and LMP-1, inactivating p16 expression and increasing cell proliferation. LMP-1 has been also reported to remove the promoter of p16 via methylation and inactivation of the p16 gene leads to uncontrolled proliferation of cell tumors.Objective: To analyze the association between LMP-1 and p16 expression with prognostic factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods: This is a cross-sectional design analyzed that LMP-1 and p16 expression based on immunostaining of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The patient clinical data used as prognostic factors are histopathological type, quality of life, TNM, and tumor stage. Statistical analysis used chi-square and spearman correlation.Results: Of the 61 patients, 49 were non-keratinizing carcinoma, undifferentiated type (80,3%). About 54 (88.5%) of the 61 samples are LMP-1 positive, 47 of which were non-keratinizing carcinoma. We figured out the significant association between the p16 expression with lymph node involvement (p=0.026) and staging (p = 0.196) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. No correlation between LMP and p16 expression (p=0,134) (r=-0,194).Conclusion: p16 overexpression is associated with lymph node involvement and advanced stage in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Mental Health Status Among UNIMAS Medical Students During the Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Ramli Norhida , Zhimin Foong , Mohammed Maziah Fathiah , Rasid Aizuddin Zhafri , Othman Nurodarina , Ahmad Razali Shazrina 
Published: October 2023

Background: Due to the outbreak of Covid-19, medical students were suffering from poor mental health, leading to depression, anxiety, and stress. Research to better understand mental health is essential because of the high prevalence of poor mental health among students during the pandemic.Objective: Therefore, the study aims to determine the mental health status of UNIMAS medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic. In this study, the predictive validity of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) for the presence of a depressive disorder and its associated coping factors were investigated among medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students from the University Malaysia Sarawak's Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. The DASS-21 was administered to 411 respondents, and data were analyzed using Man-Whitney and Chi-Square tests.Results: The result showed that most medical students had normal levels of depression (75.7%), anxiety (74.2%), and stress (92.5%). The highest coping method used was rest and sleep (95.1%), followed by singing and listening to music (91.5%).Conclusion: Most UNIMAS medical students were in good mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. They tend to have a better-coping mechanism before the stressful condition deteriorates.
Germ Cell Tumors Ovary “Dysgerminoma” with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome
Authors: Basoeki Rijanto Agoeng , Nabiila Alyaa , Narulitia Adinda , Saputra Yoga Eko , Olfah Trimayanti , Nursucahyo Eko , Anas Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Background: Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors originate from primitive germinal cells and can be either malignant or benign. MRKH syndrome is characterized by congenital hypoplasia of the uterus and upper vagina and can occur due to disrupted fusion of the Mullerian ducts. Diagnosis of ovarian tumors in MRKH patients is difficult but can be characterized by abdominal pain and distended.Objective: The aim of this case report is to explain the diagnostic methods and interventions performed in patients with ovarian tumors and MRKH syndrome.Case Presentation: A 25-year-old female came to the hospital with complaints of a lower abdominal lump three months ago. It was followed by severe pain, weight loss, shortness of breath, and yellowish vaginal discharge. Physical examination showed anemia, obesity, and a vagina size of 7cm with a probe. Chest X-ray showed a mass in the mediastinum and pleural effusion, and USG showed suspicion of an ovarian cyst and uterine agenesis.Conclusion: Ovarian tumor with MRKH syndrome is a rare case. Diagnosis was based on the patient’s history, clinical findings, radiologic examination, and confirmed with laparotomy and histopathology. Regular examinations are recommended to prevent and identify genital tract problems and pelvic diseases in women, especially adolescents.
Le mécanisme de garantie des droits de l’homme de la CEDEAO: entre emprunt et appropriation des instruments du système continental
Authors: Yougbaré Robert 
Published: October 2023

RÉSUMÉ: La Communauté Economique des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO) compte, depuis ce début de 21eme siècle, parmi les organisations de garantie des droits de l’homme, avec la révision du mandat de sa Cour de justice en 2005. Depuis, cette Cour officie dans le domaine des droits de l’homme, avec audace et volontarisme. Toutefois, l’exercice de ce mandat suscite quelques interrogations, relativement notamment à sa légalité et à son opportunité. En se penchant sur certaines de ces questions, la présente étude révèle qu’en dépit du silence des textes, le lien intrinsèque entre les droits de l’homme et la réalisation de son objet, légitime la revendication par l’organisation d’une compétence pour les protéger. Quant au dispositif - atypique – qui, en l’absence d’un catalogue propre, repose sur des normes exogènes que s’approprie l’organisation, il ne souffre d’aucune irrégularité. Des ressources du droit international, en général, et du droit de la CEDEAO, en particulier, soutiennent sa régularité, même si le régime des règles ainsi importées demeure indécis. Outre cette légalité établie, le mécanisme de la CEDEAO peut se prévaloir d’une certaine efficacité, en raison de la nature communautaire du système d’ancrage et de la juridiction immédiate qu’a revendiquée la Cour sur les cas de violations des droits de l’homme.

TITLE AND ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: The ECOWAS human rights protection mechanism amid borrowing and appropriation of the instruments of the continental system
ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the 21st century, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been ensuring respect for human rights. This shift in the mandate of ECOWAS was made possible by way of the revision of the substantive jurisdiction of its Court of Justice in 2005. The ECOWAS Court has since then courageously and actively adjudicated human rights matters. However, the jurisdiction of the Court raises some issues with respect to its legality. Looking at some of these issues, this study demonstrates that, despite the lack of any express provisions in the legal instruments, the relationship between human rights and the realisation of the ECOWAS objectives justifies the claim by the organisation to protect fundamental rights. Regarding the sui generis regime, which, absent its own bill of rights, relies on external norms (including the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights) borrowed by the organization, it does not suffer from any illegality. Its regularity remains evidenced by the recourse to international law sources, in general, and particularly to sources of ECOWAS Community law, although the legal regime of these imported norms and standards remains unclear. Besides its well-grounded legality, the ECOWAS mechanism can, in addition, claim to be effective because of the communitarian nature of the anchoring system and the immediate jurisdiction the Court has claimed over cases of human rights violations.
Combating corruption-related illicit financial flows from Africa: legal approaches and challenges
Authors: Duri Jorum 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: For decades, Africa has been a ‘net creditor’ to the world with resources leaving the continent through illicit financial flows (IFFs) more than combined investments and aid received. IFFs threaten domestic resource mobilisation required for sustainable development and have deleterious effects on human rights in Africa. African countries have shown anti-corruption commitments by dedicating the year 2018 to fighting corruption. Winning the fight against corruption includes successfully combating IFFs from the continent. The paper highlights the role of corruption as a source of IFFs, and as an enabler or facilitator of all other sources of IFFs. Without significant anti-corruption efforts at national, regional and international level, the problem of IFFs will remain a stumbling block to sustainable development and the enjoyment of human rights in Africa. The main argument of the paper is that anti-corruption measures can, and should, play a pivotal role in combating IFFs from Africa. The paper analyses key anti-corruption measures to combat IFFs. It highlights the main challenges faced by each anti-corruption measure and offers possible solutions.

TITRE ET RÉSUMÉ EN FRANCAIS: Lutte contre la corruption liée aux flux financiers illicites en provenance de l’Afrique: approches et défis juridiques
RÉSUMÉ: La lutte contre les flux financiers illicites (FFI) est devenue l’un des principaux objectifs en Afrique. Pendant des décennies, le continent est resté un « créancier net » du monde, ses ressources ayant quitté le continent dépassant à la fois les investissements étrangers et l’aide reçus. Les FFI menacent la mobilisation des ressources nationales nécessaires au développement durable et ont des effets néfastes sur les droits de l'homme en Afrique. Les pays africains ont pris des engagements contre la corruption en consacrant l'année 2018 à la lutte contre la corruption. Pour lutter contre la corruption, il faut lutter efficacement contre les flux financiers illicites provenant du continent. Cet article souligne le rôle de la corruption en tant que source de FFI. Il souligne aussi la manière dont la corruption facilite toutes les autres sources de FFI. Sans efforts significatifs de lutte contre la corruption sur le plan national, régional et international, le problème des FFI restera un obstacle au développement durable et à la jouissance des droits de l'homme en Afrique. Le principal argument de cet article est que les mesures de lutte contre la corruption peuvent et doivent jouer un rôle central dans la lutte contre les flux financiers illicites en provenance d'Afrique. L’article analyse les principales mesures de lutte contre la corruption pour combattre les FFI. Il met en évidence les principaux défis de chaque mesure anti-corruption et propose des solutions possibles.