bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retail Buyer and Manufacturer Influence
Authors: Subramanian Upender , Zhang Z. John 
Published: February 2024

Retailers often employ professionals known as retail buyers to determine the right quantities of products to order. However, in many economies and industries, a manufacturer may seek to unduly influence the buyer through various means. One such means is to offer the buyer kickbacks (incl. entertainment, travel, gifts) in return for a large order. Despite prominent examples of retailers taking initiatives against kickbacks, the practice persists in many economies and industries. To aid initiatives combating kickbacks, one needs to do the right diagnosis and identify the root cause. To this end, in this paper, we introduce the retail buyer as a distinct player in the retail channel and study the implications of the tug-of-war between the retailer and the manufacturer to influence the buyer. Interestingly, we find when kickbacks are feasible, the manufacturer need not always benefit, and the retailer need not always be the victim. We show a well-designed buyer compensation plan is key for the retailer to avoid kickbacks from distorting the buyer’s demand assessments. Moreover, when the reputational harm from kickbacks is not too high, the retailer may be the one tacitly facilitating kickbacks by undercompensating the buyer and influencing her demand assessments such that it can leverage kickbacks for shifting some of its buyer compensation cost to the manufacturer. This sharing of cost may allow for better channel coordination. Furthermore, this cost-shifting mechanism of kickbacks we have identified in this paper can explain their persistence. No retailer tolerates kickbacks when the reputational harm is high. This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.01646 .
Risk Hedging and Loan Covenants
Authors: Babenko Ilona , Bessembinder Hendrik , Tserlukevich Yuri 
Published: February 2024

We study lending agreements and derivative positions of U.S. oil and gas producers, showing that loan covenants are important determinants of hedging policies. Hedging covenants appear in more than 85% of sample loan agreements, with explicit minimum hedging requirements in more than half. Covenants are more common when expected default costs are larger. The well-documented positive relation between borrowing and hedging is largely attributable in our sample to binding covenants, as the relation is much weaker in their absence. These results suggest that understanding firms’ hedging choices requires the consideration of lender interests along with those of owners and managers. This paper was accepted by Lukas Schmid, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01616 .
Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: risk factors and strategies for prevention
Authors: Mancino Fabio , Kayani Babar , Gabr Ayman , Fontalis Andreas , Plastow Ricci , Haddad Fares S. 
Published: February 2024

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common and debilitating knee injuries in professional athletes with an incidence in females up to eight-times higher than their male counterparts. ACL injuries can be career-threatening and are associated with increased risk of developing knee osteoarthritis in future life. The increased risk of ACL injury in females has been attributed to various anatomical, developmental, neuromuscular, and hormonal factors. Anatomical and hormonal factors have been identified and investigated as significant contributors including osseous anatomy, ligament laxity, and hamstring muscular recruitment. Postural stability and impact absorption are associated with the stabilizing effort and stress on the ACL during sport activity, increasing the risk of noncontact pivot injury. Female patients have smaller diameter hamstring autografts than males, which may predispose to increased risk of re-rupture following ACL reconstruction and to an increased risk of chondral and meniscal injuries. The addition of an extra-articular tenodesis can reduce the risk of failure; therefore, it should routinely be considered in young elite athletes. Prevention programs target key aspects of training including plyometrics, strengthening, balance, endurance and stability, and neuromuscular training, reducing the risk of ACL injuries in female athletes by up to 90%. Sex disparities in access to training facilities may also play an important role in the risk of ACL injuries between males and females. Similarly, football boots, pitches quality, and football size and weight should be considered and tailored around females’ characteristics. Finally, high levels of personal and sport-related stress have been shown to increase the risk of ACL injury which may be related to alterations in attention and coordination, together with increased muscular tension, and compromise the return to sport after ACL injury. Further investigations are still necessary to better understand and address the risk factors involved in ACL injuries in female athletes.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(2):94–100.
High-performance Ge-on-insulator lateral p-i-n waveguide photodetectors for electronic–photonic integrated circuits at telecommunication wavelengths
Authors: Huang Tzu-Yang , Bansal Radhika , Ghosh Soumava , Lee Kwang Hong , Chen Qimiao , Tan Chuan Seng , Chang Guo-En 
Published: February 2024

We report high-performance germanium-on-insulator (GeOI) waveguide photodetectors (WGPDs) for electronic–photonic integrated circuits (EPICs) operating at telecommunication wavelengths. The GeOI samples were fabricated using layer transfer and wafer-bonding techniques, and a high-quality Ge active layer was achieved. Planar lateral p-i-n WGPDs were fabricated and characterized, and they exhibited a low dark current of 0.1 µA. Strain-induced alterations in the optical properties were observed, resulting in an extended photodetection range up to λ = 1638 nm. This range encompasses crucial telecommunication bands. The WGPDs exhibited a high responsivity of 0.56 A/W and a high detectivity of D∗ = 1.87 ×109cmHz1/2W - 1 at 1550 nm. A frequency-response analysis revealed that increasing the bias voltage from −1 to −9 V enhances the 3-dB bandwidth from 31 to 49 MHz. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of GeOI WGPDs, fostering high-performance EPICs with implications for telecommunications and beyond.
Healthcare waste generation and quantification in public health centres in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Tadesse Menelik Legesse 
Published: February 2024

Background
Healthcare waste produced in healthcare activities entails higher risk of infection and injuries than municipal waste. In developing countries healthcare waste has not received much attention and has been disposed of together with municipal wastes. Modern method of disposal of healthcare waste have been introduced to most healthcare institutions mismanagement and increased in production in public health centres in Ethiopia is important issues. The aim of the study was to assess the type of healthcare waste generation and quantification in selected public health centres in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution based cross-sectional study were conducted from January to February 2018. Fifteen health centres in Addis Ababa City Administration were selected for this study. Data were collected by using by different color plastic bags (Black plastic bags for non-hazardous wastes, Yellow plastic bags for hazardous wastes and Yellow safety box for needles and Red bags for pharmaceutical wastes and toxic wastes). The collected wastes were measured by weighing scale and were written to data entry sheet. To assure the data quality calibration of weighing scale was made by the standard weight every morning. EPI INFO TM7 and IBM SPSS were used for data entry, cleaning and analysis.

Results
The mean healthcare waste generation was 10.64+5.79Kg/day of which 37.26% (3.96+2.20Kg/day) was general waste and 62.74% (6.68+4.29) was hazardous waste from the studies health centres. Total hazardous waste; sharps, infectious, pathological and pharmaceutical wastes constitutes mean (±SD) 0.97 ±1.03, 3.23 ± 2.60, 2.17±1.92 and 0.25 ±0.34 kg/day respectively. Healthcare waste 29.93% and 0.32% were generated from delivery and post-natal case team and nutrition and growth monitoring case team respectively. The annual mean+ SD of healthcare waste generation rate per health centres were 3807.53+ 2109.84 Kg/year.

Conclusion
The finding in this study showed there was an increased in hazardous healthcare waste in amount as compared to the WHO standard 85% non-hazardous waste and 10% hazardous waste and 5% toxic wastes. The healthcare waste management practices about segregation, collection, transportation and disposal at the source is crucial to decrease in quantity. Generally unselective handling and disposal of healthcare wastes is a concern.
Experiences of adolescents living with HIV on transitioning from pediatric to adult HIV care in low and middle-income countries: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis Protocol
Authors: Petinger Charné , Crowley Talitha , van Wyk Brian 
Published: February 2024

In South Africa, it is estimated that approximately 320,000 adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) will transition from pediatric to adult antiretroviral treatment (ART) by 2028. However, the age period of 10–19 years is accompanied by a myriad of barriers that challenge the transition process, and continued adherence to ART. The transition process involves ALHIV taking charge of their own health and disease management which raises challenges for their retention in care. Managing transition becomes particularly challenging in low-resource contexts as their healthcare systems are not adapted to the specific needs it requires. There is a need to garner an understanding of existing transition practices which address the specific needs of adolescents and is optimized to their requirements and available resources within a low- or middle-income country context. This review will include all qualitative and mixed method studies which will facilitate a deeper understanding the experiences of ALHIV on transition experiences. The review will specifically look at studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries. The included studies must be presented in the English language and published between 2010–2023. The search strategy will be finalized with consultation with an information specialist. All three reviewers will be present throughout all stages of the review. One reviewer will work independently on the initial screening of studies and another reviewer will assist in checks. After data is extracted, the data will be thematically analyzed with the use of Atlas.Ti computer software. No ethics approval is required and the review will be published in peer reviewed journals and submitted to conferences.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023396459.
Changes in ocular extorsion after horizontal muscle surgery in patients with intermittent exotropia coexisting with hypertropia and mild inferior oblique overaction
Authors: Lee Soo Jung , Yoon Sook Hyun , Kim Sook Young , Lee Donghun 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
To investigate changes in vertical strabismus and extorsion in patients with intermittent exotropia and mild unilateral inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) who underwent horizontal muscle surgery without vertical or oblique muscle surgery.

Methods
The medical records of 41 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were followed up for at least 6 months after surgery. Fundus photography was performed before and after surgery, and the sum of the angles of torsion in both eyes was used to measure changes in extorsion using ImageJ software. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to the degree of IOOA: patients with grade 1 IOOA were placed in +1 IOOA group and those with grade 2 IOOA in +2 IOOA group. The pre- and postoperative angles of horizontal and vertical strabismus and extorsion were compared between the two groups.

Results
The +1 IOOA and +2 IOOA groups included 24 and 17 patients, respectively. The angle of preoperative exotropia did not differ significantly: 25.54 ± 5.68 prism diopters (PD) and 25.65 ± 8.11 PD in the +1 IOOA and +2 IOOA groups, respectively. In the +1 IOOA and +2 IOOA groups, hypertropia was 2.67 ± 1.52 PD and 2.82 ± 1.13 PD, respectively, and extorsion angles were 7.14 ± 2.77° and 7.94 ± 2.87°, respectively. As the IOOA degree increased, the extent of hypertropia and extorsion also increased. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Postoperative angles of hypertropia and extorsion significantly decreased in both groups (p < 0.001) after surgery. The degree of change in hypertropia and extorsion was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.563 and p = 0.354, respectively).

Conclusions
Hypertropia and extorsion improved significantly after horizontal muscle surgery in patients with mild unilateral IOOA and intermittent exotropia. There was no significant difference in the improvement in hypertropia or extorsion between IOOA grades I and II.
Comparative evaluation of double- and single-armed two-suture longitudinal intussusception techniques in microsurgical vasoepididymostomy: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Hong , Zhou Shan , Chen Qiang , Ding Yilang , Yang Peng , Huang Hailin , Chen Xi , Zhou Huiliang , Tang Songxi 
Published: February 2024

Background
This study aimed to compare the outcomes of double−armed two−suture longitudinal intussusception microsurgical vasoepididymostomy (LIVE) and single−armed two−suture LIVE techniques in patients with epididymal obstructive azoospermia (EOA). The main outcomes assessed were patency rates, patency time, semen quality and natural pregnancy rates.

Methods
Data from patients with EOA who underwent two−suture LIVE were obtained from databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Weighted data were analyzed using a random−effects model, and weighted mean differences were reported.

Results
A total of 1574 patients with EOA from 24 studies were included. The overall patency rate was approximately 68% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63–72%), with a patency time of approximately 4.63 months (95% CI: 4.15–5.12). The sperm concentration reached 26.90 million/ml and the sperm motility was 23.74%. The natural pregnancy rate was 38% (95% CI: 31–46%). The different definitions of patency do not seem to have any meaningful impact when comparing patency rates. There was no significant difference in patency rates, patency time, semen quality and natural pregnancy rates between the double−armed and single−armed LIVE techniques.

Conclusion
The single−armed LIVE is a potential alternative surgical option when high quality double−needle sutures are not easily accessible.
Music and Social Inclusion: International Research and Practice in Complex Settings, Oscar Odena (ed.) (2023)
Authors: Willingham Lee 
Published: February 2024

Reviewe of: Music and Social Inclusion: International Research and Practice in Complex Settings, Oscar Odena (ed.) (2023)
New York: Routledge Press, 290 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-03203-719-6, h/bk, £90
التجديد في علم أصول الفقه
Authors: Hamadameen Othman k. 
Published: February 2024

التجديد مصطلح إسلامي، وظاهرة إسلامية، جزء من ثقافةِ وتعليم الرسالة السماوية العالمية التي جاء بها النبـي r، وبهذا فلسفة تطويرية لضمان بقاء الحضارة الإنسانية، لأنها مستقاة من حديث: «إن الله يبعث لهذه الأمة على رأس كلَ مأة سنة مَنْ يُجدّد لها أمر دينها».
التجديد في علم أصول الفقه ليس لهُ حدّ معلوم أو مفهوم محدّد، بل يختلف باختلاف العصور وتصور الباحثين حوله بما يُناسب ثقافتهم بشرط أن لا يورث الخلل في ثوابت العقيدة والعبادات وما ورد من الكتاب والسنة من أحكام قطعية، بل يكون مداره هو إعمال العقل والفكر في مشكلات الحياة المعاصرة التي أوجدتها المتغيرات التي حدثت في المجتمع، لاسنتباط الأحكام المناسبة لها من أدلتها الشرعية.
ويعدّ التجديد في أصول الفقه من الإشكلات، التي عرفها الفكر الإسلامي خلال الأوان الأخيرة، وذلك لخطورته من حيث ملامسته لأصول الخطاب الشرعي وأسسه العلمية، ولعدم وضوح الرؤية وبيان التصور في عملية التجديد في هذا المجال، وللقيمة العلمية لهذا العلم، الذي هو منطِق للشرع كلِّه.
إنّ الحديث حول مصطلح التجديد في أصول الفقه ليس على طريقة واحدة، لأن الحديث عنه يأتي من جانبين مختلفين، نوع يأتي من خارج النسق الإسلامي، والآخر يأتي من داخل النسق الإسلامي، لذلك اختلف موقف العلماء تجاهه إلى ثلاثة مواقف، أحدها يريد نقض هذا العلم وقطع الروابط بين هذا العلم والنصوص الشرعية، ومن جهة أخرى قطع الصلة بين ثقافة سلف هذه الأمة وخلفها. وصنف آخر في مقابل هؤلاء ينكرون ويردون أيّ تجديد حفاظاً على الشريعة، ورداً لفعلهم. والصنف الثالث وهم الاصلاحيون، فإن عملهم وجهدهم هو الذي يطّلعنا على عقيدتهم وفكرتهم، وبالتالي موقع حالهم.
Tingkat Ramah Lingkungan Alat Tangkap Ikan di Wilayah Perairan Kecamatan Kupang Barat
Authors: Surbakti Joi Alfreddi , Basri M. 
Published: February 2024

Kecamatan Kupang Barat adalah salah satu kecamatan yang memiliki potensi perikanan tangkap di Kabupaten Kupang, Potensi perikanan tangkap di Kecamatan Kupang Barat belum dikembangkan secara optimal. Nelayan di Kecamatan ini masih menggunakan alat tangkap yang tradisional. Jumlah produksi yang masih rendah terkadang membuat nelayan memodifikasi alat tangkapnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis unit penangkapan yang sesuai dengan Code of Conduct Responsible for Fisheries (CCRF) di perairan Kecamatan Kupang Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik sampling quota sampling, pada bulan April-Juli 2021. Alat tangkap ikan yang menjadi objek penelitian ini adalah pukat cicin, jaring insang, jala buang, pancing tonda dan pancing rawai dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 50 responden. Rentang nilai 4 kategori alat tangkap ramah lingkungan alat yang dijadikan sampling, Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu alat tangkap yang masuk kategori sangat ramah lingkungan 36 pada alat tangkap pancing rawai dan pancing tonda. West Kupang district is one of the districts that has captive fishing potential in Kupang District, the captivating potential in West Kupanga district has not been optimally developed. The fishermen in this district still use traditional catch tools. The low levels of production sometimes cause fishermen to modify their catch tools. The purpose of this research is to analyze catch units in accordance with the Code of Conduct Responsible for Fisheries (CCRF) in the waters of the West Kupang district. The research method used is a descriptive method with a quota sampling technique, in the month of April-July 2021. The objects of this research are fish catch tools such as purse seine, gill net, throw net, longline fish and troll line with the number of respondents as much as 50 respondents. The range of values of 4 categories of environment-friendly capture tools used as sampling, the results obtained from this research are capture devices that are in the category of very environmentally friendly 36 longline fish and troll line.
Senyawa Bioaktif Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty, 1988 Sebagai Antibakteri
Authors: Marhaeny Annisa , Pramesti Rini , Suryono Suryono 
Published: February 2024

Bakteri yang menyebabkan penyakit pada inangnya disebut patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui senyawa bioaktif dan aktivitas antibakteri yang terkandung dalam ekstrak metanol K. alvarezii. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Bakteri yang diujikan yaitu Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Hasil ekstraksi dilanjutkan dengan uji fitokimia. Ekstrak diencerkan menggunakan dimetil sulfoksida (DMSO) sampai diperoleh konsentrasi uji 500 µg/disk, 1000 µg/disk, dan 1500 µg/disk. Cefadroxil dan DMSO digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan kontrol negatif. Metode difusi cakram digunakan untuk uji aktivitas antibakteri. Inokulum diinkubasi selama 3x24 jam pada suhu 37ºC. Zona hambat dihitung setiap 24 jam sekali. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol K. alvarezii terhadap bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli menunjukkan zona hambat terbesar pada konsentrasi 500 µg/disk pada waktu 48 jam sebesar 4,95 mm dan 5,1 mm. Senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung dalam ekstrak metanol K. alvarezii yaitu senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid dan tanin. Bacteria that cause disease in their hosts are called pathogens. This study aims to determine the bioactive compounds and antibacterial activity in the methanol extract of K. alvarezii. The research was conducted using a exploratory descriptive method. The bacteria tested were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Extraction then phytochemical tests were carried out The extract was diluted using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to obtain test concentrations of 500 µg/disk, 1000 µg/disk, and 1500 µg/disk. Cefadroxil and DMSO were used as positive and negative controls. Antibacterial activity test using disc diffusion method. The inoculum was incubated for 3x24 hours at 37°C. The inhibition zone is calculated every 24 hours. The results of the antibacterial activity test of K. alvarezii methanol extract against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria showed the largest inhibition zone at a concentration of 500 µg/disk in 48 hours of 4.95 mm and 5.1 mm. The bioactive compounds contained in the methanol extract of K. alvarezii are alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and tannins.
„Romantičarska“ slika djetinjstva u stvaralaštvu Jovana Sundečića
Authors: Kalezić-Radonjić Svetlana 
Published: February 2024

In this paper I analyze one of the first collections of poems for children in the SCBM language, Niz dragocijenoga bisera ili Duhovne i moralne pjesme za djecu by Jovan Sundečić (Zadar 1856, Cetinje 1865). Although many have stated that it is one of the first original publications intended for children and young readers of the South Slavic area, there has been no detailed analysis of it until now. In the introductory part of the paper, I will look at the circumstances which led to creation of literature for children and young people, in the central part, through the analysis of Sundečić’s book, I will show why Romanticism in children’s literature inevitably intertwined with Enlightenment, and I will try to illuminate the socio-historical circumstances that led to the reprint. In the conclusion, I make an evaluation of the book from the viewpoint of Romanticism, as the period in which it was created, as well as the contemporary moment, which tends to mark the timeless literary qualities.
The bounded variation capacity and Sobolev-type inequalities on Dirichlet spaces
Authors: Xie Xiangyun , Liu Yu , Li Pengtao , Huang Jizheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this article, we consider the bounded variation capacity (BV capacity) and characterize the Sobolev-type inequalities related to BV functions in a general framework of strictly local Dirichlet spaces with a doubling measure via the BV capacity. Under a weak Bakry-Émery curvature-type condition, we give the connection between the Hausdorff measure and the Hausdorff capacity, and discover some capacitary inequalities and Maz’ya-Sobolev inequalities for BV functions. The De Giorgi characterization for total variation is also obtained with a quasi-Bakry-Émery curvature condition. It should be noted that the results in this article are proved if the Dirichlet space supports the weak

(

1
,
2

)

\left(1,2)

-Poincaré inequality instead of the weak

(

1
,
1

)

\left(1,1)

-Poincaré inequality compared with the results in the previous references.