bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor, cell cycle regulation, toxicity, and tumorigenesis
Authors: Marlowe Jennifer L. , Puga Alvaro 
Published: October 2005

AbstractMost effects of exposure to halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). It has long been recognized that the AHR is a ligand‐activated transcription factor that plays a central role in the induction of drug‐metabolizing enzymes and hence in xenobiotic detoxification. Of late, it has become evident that outside this well‐characterized role, the AHR also functions as a modulator of cellular signaling pathways. In this Prospect, we discuss the involvement of the AHR in pathways critical to cell cycle regulation, mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascades, immediate‐early gene induction, and the functions of the RB protein. Ultimately, the toxicity of AHR xenobiotic ligands may be intrinsically connected with the perturbation of these pathways and depend on the many critical signaling pathways and effectors with which the AHR itself interacts. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of the promoter for the α3 integrin gene in various tumor cell lines: Roles of the Ets‐ and Sp‐family of transcription factors
Authors: Katabami Kouji , Kato Takumi , Sano Rikio , Ogura Masaharu , Mizuno Hiromi , Itoh Saotomo , Tsuji Tsutomu 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe α3β1 integrin is an adhesion receptor for extracellular matrix proteins, including laminin isoforms, and plays crucial roles in the organization of epithelial and endothelial tissues. The aberrant expression of this adhesion molecule on tumor cells is associated with their invasive and metastatic potentials. In the present study, we analyzed the elements essential for α3 integrin gene expression in various tumor cell lines with different tissue origins by luciferase assay. An approximately 0.3 kb fragment of the 5′‐flanking region of the mouse α3 integrin gene (−260/+84, relative to the major transcription start site) showed strong promoter activity in all six examined tumor cell lines. However, we found that these cell lines could be divided into two groups according to the level of dependency on the putative Ets‐transcription factor binding motif located at −133. This motif was previously shown to be crucial for α3 integrin expression in MKN1 gastric carcinoma cells. The gene expression in one group of cell lines was upregulated mainly by the Ets motif, whereas that in the other group was less dependent on the Ets motif. We then postulated that additional regulatory elements were responsible for the expression of α3 integrin, and found that a GC‐rich motif at −69 was another important element. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay using specific antibodies and a Western blot analysis of nuclear proteins revealed that the Sp3‐transcription factor bound to this GC‐rich motif. These results suggest that the Sp3 and Ets transcription factors cooperatively regulate α3 integrin gene expression and that the contribution of each element depends on the type of tumor cells. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Construction of Polycation‐Based Non‐Viral DNA Nanoparticles and Polyanion Multilayers via Layer‐by‐Layer Self‐Assembly
Authors: Ren Kefeng , Ji Jian , Shen Jiacong 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: The multilayers of polycation‐based non‐viral DNA nanoparticles and biodegradable poly(L‐glutamic acid) (PGA) were constructed by a layer‐by‐layer (LbL) technique. Poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) was used to condense DNA to develop non‐viral DNA nanoparticles. AFM, UV‐visible spectrometry, and TEM measurements revealed that the PEI‐DNA nanoparticles were successfully incorporated into the multilayers. The well‐structured, easily processed multilayers with the non‐viral DNA nanoparticles may provide a novel approach to precisely control the delivery of DNA, which may have great potential for gene therapy applications in tissue engineering, medical implants, etc.A TEM image of the cross section of a (PGA/PEI‐DNA nanoparticle)20 multilayer.imageA TEM image of the cross section of a (PGA/PEI‐DNA nanoparticle)20 multilayer.
Deciphering the human nucleolar proteome
Authors: Couté Yohann , Burgess Jennifer A. , Diaz Jean‐Jacques , Chichester Christine , Lisacek Frédérique , Greco Anna , Sanchez Jean‐Charles 
Published: October 2005

AbstractNucleoli are plurifunctional nuclear domains involved in the regulation of several major cellular processes such as ribosome biogenesis, the biogenesis of non‐ribosomal ribonucleoprotein complexes, cell cycle, and cellular aging. Until recently, the protein content of nucleoli was poorly described. Several proteomic analyses have been undertaken to discover the molecular bases of the biological roles fulfilled by nucleoli. These studies have led to the identification of more than 700 proteins. Extensive bibliographic and bioinformatic analyses allowed the classification of the identified proteins into functional groups and suggested potential functions of 150 human proteins previously uncharacterized. The combination of improvements in mass spectrometry technologies, the characterization of protein complexes, and data mining will assist in furthering our understanding of the role of nucleoli in different physiological and pathological cell states. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 25:215–234, 2006
Inhibition of catechol‐O‐methyltransferase contributes to more stable levodopa plasma levels
Authors: Müller Thomas , Erdmann Christoph , Muhlack Siegfried , Bremen Dirk , Przuntek Horst , Woitalla Dirk 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe short plasma half‐life limits the antiparkinsonian efficacy of levodopa/carbidopa (LD/CD). Administration of LD/CD with the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase inhibitor entacapone in one tablet (LCE) may extend plasma half‐life of LD and thus its effect on motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The objectives of this study were to monitor the motor response to a switch from LD/CD to LCE by a simultaneous performance of an instrumental motor test and rating of motor symptoms and to compare the LD plasma behavior between both conditions in terms of stability. Twenty‐one treated PD patients received LD/CD and then the identical oral LD dosage of LCE within a standardized setting on 2 consecutive days. Rating better reflected the motor improvement after LD application than the instrumental test. Motor symptoms of PD patients decreased significantly more during the LCE than the LD/CD condition, probably due to significantly higher LD plasma levels and a significantly less pronounced fall of the LD concentrations following the second LD intake. Our study shows a more stable LD plasma behavior during LCE intake and accordingly a better effect on motor symptoms according to rating outcomes and motor test results to a lesser extent. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Psychogenic parkinsonism: A combination of clinical, electrophysiological, and [123I]‐FP‐CIT SPECT scan explorations improves diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Benaderette Sandrine , Fregonara Paolo Zanotti , Apartis Emmanuelle , Nguyen Charles , Trocello Jean‐Marc , Remy Philippe , Devaux Jean‐Yves , Askienazy Serge , Vidailhet Marie 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe evaluated the concordance between independent clinical, electrophysiological, and [123I]‐FP‐CIT SPECT scan explorations as a staged procedure for an accurate diagnosis in 9 patients referred with a diagnosis of suspected psychogenic parkinsonism. Three patients were reclassified as pure psychogenic parkinsonism (PP), 6 with a form of combined psychogenic parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease (PP + PD), and none with pure Parkinson's disease (PD). Electrophysiological recordings showed the characteristics of psychogenic tremor in 5 of 7 patients with tremor. In two of these 5, PD tremor was also recorded. SPECT scan results were abnormal in five of 9 patients. In one case of clinically suspected PP + PD, SPECT scan results were normal. Long‐term follow‐up supported the final diagnosis of PP (initial clinical misdiagnosis). Electrophysiology contributes to the clinical diagnosis of psychogenic tremor and may help confirm associated organic PD tremor. [123I]‐FP‐CIT SPECT is a robust test to ascertain dopaminergic denervation and increase the confidence of the clinical and electrophysiological diagnosis of associated PD. A combination of clinical, electrophysiological, and [123I]‐FP‐CIT SPECT scan explorations improves diagnostic accuracy in order to distinguish PP from PP + PD. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Subthalamic nucleus influences spatial orientation in extrapersonal space
Authors: Witt Karsten , Kopper Florian , Deuschl Günther , Krack Paul 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWhile the role of frontal and parietal cortex in spatial orientation has been studied extensively, the contribution of the basal ganglia and especially the subthalamic nucleus to spatial orientation remains less clear. Here we use subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) as a reversible model of functional lesioning to evaluate the influence of the STN in extrapersonal space orientation. To this end, 12 PD patients were examined 1 year after implantation of DBS electrodes in the STN after overnight withdrawal ofL‐dopa. Patients were tested in a pseudorandomized order while both stimulators, the right only, the left only, or no stimulator, were switched on. Patients performed line bisection and a reaction time task responding to stimuli of the middle, the left, and the right extrapersonal space. A separate assessment of the right and left hand responding to visual stimuli in each hemispace made it possible to distinguish hemispatial and hemimotor impairments. No asymmetries in space orientation were found when both stimulators were switched OFF, when both stimulators were switched ON, and when only the right stimulator was switched ON. When only the left subthalamic stimulation was switched ON, the reaction times of both hands to visual stimuli in the left extrapersonal hemispace increased significantly and the line bisection test showed a significant orientation to the right. These results lead to the conclusion that the STN and its cortical projections influence the network involved in visuospatial orientation. These patterns of symptoms of neglect demonstrate the influence of the STN on the attentional system of the nondominant hemisphere. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
An effective direct solution method for certain boundary element equations in 3D
Authors: Meyer A. , Rjasanow S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe boundary element method for the Dirichlet problem in a three‐dimensional rotational domain leads to a system of linear equations with a full dense matrix having a special block structure. A direct solution method for such systems is presented, which requires O(N3/2 ln N) arithmetical operations only, using a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT), where N denotes the number of unknowns on the boundary surface.
The resolvent problem for the stokes system in exterior domains: An elementary approach
Authors: Deuring Paul 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe consider the Stokes system with resolvent parameter in an exterior domain:
equation image
under Dirichlet boundary conditions. Here Ω is a bounded domain with C2 boundary, and [λϵℂ\] − [∞, 0], ν >0. Using the method of integral equations, we are able to construct solutions (u, π) in Lp spaces. Our approach yields an integral representation of these solutions. By evaluating the corresponding integrals, we obtain Lp estimates that imply in particular that the Stokes operator on exterior domains generates an analytic semigroup in Lp.
Resonance frequencies of a cavity containing a compressible viscous fluid
Authors: Conca C. , Planchard J. , Vanninathan M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the resonance spectrum of a cavity containing a compressible viscous fluid. This system admits a discrete infinite sequence of eigenvalues whose real parts are negative, which is interpreted as the damping effect introduced by viscosity. Only a finite number of them have non‐zero imaginary parts and this number depends on viscosity; a simple criterion is given for their position in the complex plane. The case of a cavity containing an elastic mechanical system immersed in the fluid is also examined; from a qualitative point of view, the nature of the resonance spectrum remains unchanged.
Resonance phenomena in a semi‐infinite string with a periodic end
Authors: Werner P. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe study the propagation of linear waves, generated by a compactly supported time‐harmonic force distribution, in a semi‐infinite string under the assumption that the material properties depend p‐period‐ically on the space variable outside a sufficiently large interval [0, a]. The spectrum of the self‐adjoint extension A of the spatial part of the differential operator consists of a finite or countable number of bands and a (possibly empty) discrete set of eigenvalues located in the gaps of the continuous spectrum. We show that resonances of order t or t½, respectively, occur if either ω2 is an eigenvalue of A or (i) ω2 is a boundary point of the continuous spectrum of A and (ii) the corresponding time‐independent homogeneous problem has a non‐trivial solution which is p‐periodic or p‐semiperiodic for x > a (‘standing wave’).
Interface problem in holonomic elastoplasticity
Authors: Carstensen Carsten 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe three‐dimensional interface problem with the homogeneous Lamé system in an unbounded exterior domain and holonomic material behaviour in a bounded interior Lipschitz domain is considered. Existence and uniqueness of solutions of the interface problem are obtained rewriting the exterior problem in terms of boundary integral operators following the symmetric coupling procedure.The numerical approximation of the solutions consists in coupling of the boundary element method (BEM) and the finite element method (FEM). A Céa‐like error estimate is presented for the discrete solutions of the numerical procedure proving its convergence.
The stationary and non‐stationary stokes system in exterior domains with non‐zero divergence and non‐zero boundary values
Authors: Farwig Reinhard , Sohr Hermann 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn an exterior domain Ω⊂ℝn, n ⩾ 2, we consider the generalized Stokes resolvent problem in Lq‐space where the divergence g = div u and inhomogeneous boundary values u = ψ with zero flux ∫∂Ωψ·N do = 0 may be prescribed. A crucial step in our approach is to find and to analyse the right space for the divergence g. We prove existence, uniqueness and a priori estimates of the solution and get new results for the divergence problem. Further, we consider the non‐stationary Stokes system with non‐homogeneous divergence and boundary values and prove estimates of the solution in L5(0, T;Lq(Ω)) for 1 < s, q < ∞.
Limiting behaviour of invariant manifolds for a system of singularly perturbed evolution equations
Authors: Ševčovič Daniel 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this paper we consider a class of specific singularly perturbed abstract evolution equations. It is shown that, for small values of the singular parameter, the invariant manifold for the perturbed equation is C1 close to that of the unpertubed equation. The results obtained are applied to the second‐order evolution equations with strong damping arising in the mathematical théory of viscoelasticity.
A Fujita‐type global existence—global non‐existence theorem for a system of reaction diffusion equations with differing diffusivities
Authors: Fila Marek , Levine Howard A. , Uda Yoshitaka 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this paper we condiser non‐negative solutions of the initial value problem in ℝN for the system

where 0 ⩽ δ ⩽ 1 and pq > 0. We prove the following conditions.Suppose min(p,q)≥1 but pq1.
If δ = 0 then u=v=0 is the only non‐negative global solution of the system.
If δ>0, non‐negative non‐globle solutions always exist for suitable initial values.
If 0<⩽1 and max(α, β) ≥ N/2, where qα = β + 1, pβ = α + 1, then the conclusion of (a) holds.
If N > 2, 0 < δ ⩽ 1 and max (α β) < (N ‐ 2)/2, then global, non‐trivial non‐negative solutions exist which belong to L∞(ℝN×[0, ∞]) and satisfy 0 < u(X, t) ⩽ c∣x∣−2α and 0 < v(X, t) ⩽ c ∣x∣−2bT for large ∣x∣ for all t > 0, where c depends only upon the initial data.
Suppose 0 > δ 1 and max (α, β) < N/2. If N> = 1,2 or N > 2 and max (p, q)⩽ N/(N‐2), then global, non‐trivial solutions exist which, after makinng the standard ‘hot spot’ change of variables, belong to the weighted Hilbert space H1 (K) where K(x)  exp(¼∣x∣2). They decay like e[max(α,β)‐(N/2)+ε]t for every ε > 0. These solutions are classical solutions for t > 0.
If max (α, β) < N/2, then threre are global non‐tivial solutions which satisfy, in the hot spot variables

where where 0 < ε = ε(u0, v0) < (N/2)−;max(α, β).Suppose min(p, q) ⩽ 1.
If pq ≥ 1, all non‐negative solutions are global.Suppose min(p, q) < 1.
If pg > 1 and δ = 0, than all non‐trivial non‐negative maximal solutions are non‐global.
If 0 < δ ⩽ 1, pq > 1 and max(α,β)≥ N/2 all non‐trivial non‐negative maximal solutions are non‐global.
If 0 < δ ≥ 1, pq > 1 and max(α,β) < N/2, there are both global and non‐negative solutions.
We also indicate some extensions of these results to moe general systems and to othere geometries.
Diffusion limit for the linear boltzmann equation of the neutron transport theory
Authors: Banasiak J. , Mika J. R. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this paper we present the asymptotic analysis of the linear Boltzmann equation for neutrons with a small positive parameter ϵ related to the mean free path, based upon the Chapman–Enskog procedure of the kinetic theory. We prove that if proper initial conditions derived by considering initial layer solutions are used, the diffusion equation gives the uniform approximation to the neutron density function with the O(ϵ2) accuracy.
Non‐linear stability for the Vlasov–Poisson system—the energy‐Casimir method
Authors: Rein Gerhard 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe problem of stability of stationary solutions of the Vlasov–Poisson system has received a lot of attention in the physics literature, both in the stellar dynamics and the plasma physics cases. The energy‐Casimir method has been used to prove non‐linear stability for various conservative systems, but no rigorous application to the Vlasov–Poisson system has been given yet. We employ this method to prove non‐linear stability of stationary solutions for the plasma physics case in three geometrically different settings.
Connectivity graphs on two‐dimensional surfaces and their application in robotics
Authors: Sun Kang , Lumelsky Vladimir J. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe problem of robot motion planning in an environment with obstacles can often be reduced to the study of connectivity of the robot's free configuration space. In turn, space connectivity can be analysed via the correspondingconnectivity graph. For two‐degree‐of‐freedom robots, the free configuration space presents atwo‐dimensional(2D)surface—a compact subspace of a 2D orientable compact manifold. This paper addresses the following abstract problem: given a compact 2D surface bounded by simple closed curves and lying in an orientable 2D manifold (a sphere, a torus, etc.) and given two points in the subspace, suggest a systematic way of defining the connectivity graph in the subspace, based on its topological properties. The use of space topology results in powerful, from the robotics standpoint, provable algorithms capable of on‐line motion planning in an environment with unknown obstacles of arbitrary shapes. This makes the method distinct from other techniques, which require complete information, algebraic representation of space geometry, and off‐line computation.
Asymptotic characterization of standing waves and of the static limit for a class of wave equations of higher order with a variable coefficient and time‐independent incitation
Authors: Winter Matthias 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe consider the equation (−1)m∇m (p∇mu) + ∂u = ƒ in ℝn × (0, ∞) for arbitrary positive integers m and n and under the assumptions p − 1, ƒ ϵ C(ℝn) and p > 0. Even if the differential operator (−1)m∇m (p∇mu) has no eigenvalues, the solution u(x,t) may increase as t → ∞ for 2m ≥ n. For this case, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of u(x,t) as t → ∞. Furthermore, we characterize the functions occurring in these conditions as solutions of the homogeneous static equation (−1)m∇m (p∇mu) = 0, which satisfy appropriate asymptotic conditions at infinity. We also give an asymptotic characterization of the static limit.
Global solutions for operator Riccati equations with unbounded coefficients: A non‐linear semigroup approach
Authors: Kuiper Hendrik J. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractLet X be a Banach space of real‐valued functions on [0, 1] and let ℒ(X) be the space of bounded linear operators on X. We are interested in solutions R:(0, ∞) → ℒ(X) for the operator Riccati equation

where T is an unbounded multiplication operator in X and the Bi(t)'s are bounded linear integral operators on X. This equation arises in transport theory as the result of an invariant embedding of the Boltzmann equation. Solutions which are of physical interest are those that take on values in the space of bounded linear operators on L1(0, 1). Conditions on X, R(0), T, and the coefficients are found such that the theory of non‐linear semigroups may be used to prove global existence of strong solutions in ℒ(X) that also satisfy R(t) ϵ ℒ(L1(0,1)) for all t ≥ 0.
General mathematical concept of compensation in sports science with quantitative analysis in the case of sprinting performance
Authors: Fuchs P. M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn many of the known sports disciplines, especially in athletics, the criterion which determines the positions of the competitors is a simple physical value, mostly a time or a distance, and the athlete with the minimum or maximum, respectively, takes the first place. Moreover, sports science explains this criterion by a set of the so‐called basic abilities. Compensation means the balance of the inferiority of such a basic ability by the superiority of another one.In the following paper, a general abstract concept to analyse compensation in a quantitative way is presented first. It can be applied to any discipline with a measurable criterion, if, in addition, the performance can be described by a kinematic function.Second, the proceeding is worked out in detail for the short sprint based on the modelling of the velocity function of a sprinter and the indicators for his basic abilities in [6]. The two aspects of compensation, namely the set of indicators which belong to the same criterion and the improvement of the criterion caused by the improvement of a basic ability, are discussed in a quantitative way. They turn out to be describable by the mathematical structures of ‘surfaces of constant pure running time’ and certain gradients, respectively.
Study of a perforated thin plate according to the relative sizes of its different parameters
Authors: El Otmani S. , Sac‐Épée J.‐M. , Paulin J. Saint Jean 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe are interested in the study of a thin plate, periodicially perforated by cylindrical holes, the axes of which are perpendicular to the plane of the plate. A horizontal section of the plate specifies its geometry, and shows a periodicity in the order of ϵ. The thickness of the plate is equal to e. The ratio of material is small, and is characterized by the parameter δ, the thickness of the bars being equal to ϵδ. In this paper, we study the dependence of displacements on e, ϵ and δ, and to give equivalent limits when e, then ϵ, and finally δ, tend towards zero. An interesting result obtained in this work is the negative Poisson coefficient of the final equivalent material. Although this coefficient is theoretically between −½ and 1, most materials encountered in practice have a positive one.