bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Handgrip Strength (Possible Sarcopenia) With Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tajima Tsubasa , Kaga Hideyoshi , Someya Yuki , Tabata Hiroki , Naito Hitoshi , Kakehi Saori , Ito Naoaki , Yamasaki Nozomu , Sato Motonori , Kadowaki Satoshi , Sugimoto Daisuke , Nishida Yuya , Kawamori Ryuzo , Watada Hirotaka , Tamura Yoshifumi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Context
Older adults with sarcopenic obesity are at high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, few East Asians have sarcopenic obesity. Since many East Asians have insulin resistance (IR) without obesity, it is possible that older East Asians with sarcopenia and IR might be at high risk for T2DM. However, this relationship has not been studied.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 1629 older adults aged 65 to 84 years registered in the Bunkyo Health Study. All underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and handgrip strength measurement. Participants were classified into 4 groups by possible sarcopenia (handgrip strength &lt;28 kg in men and &lt;18 kg in women) and IR status (triglyceride glucose [TyG] index ≥8.79 for men and ≥8.62 for women [third quartile]). Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate relative risk (RR) and 95% CIs for T2DM with adjustment for confounding factors.

Results
The mean age was 73.1 ± 5.4 years. T2DM was diagnosed in 212 (13.0%) participants. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, use of lipid-lowering medications, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, possible sarcopenia and IR were associated with T2DM, with their coexistence showing a notably stronger association (control: RR, 1.00 [Reference]; possible sarcopenia: RR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.04-2.30]; IR: RR, 2.69 [95% CI, 1.99-3.65]; and IR possible sarcopenia: RR, 4.76 [95% CI, 3.34-6.79]).

Conclusion
Possible sarcopenia based on low handgrip strength and IR based on the TyG index are independently associated with T2DM in older Japanese individuals. Their coexistence shows a particularly strong association with T2DM.
Measuring spectral extinction with digital holography
Authors: Berg Matthew J. , Aleau Killian , Ceolato Romain 
Published: February 2024

The optical extinction caused by a small particle, such as an aerosol
particle, is an important measurable quantity. Understanding the
influence of atmospheric aerosols on the climate, assessing visibility
in urban environments, and remote sensing applications such as lidar
all need accurate measurements
of particle extinction. While multiple methods are known to measure
extinction, digital in-line holography (DIH) features the unique
ability to provide contact-free images of particles simultaneously
with estimates for the extinction cross section. This is achieved
through an integration of a measured hologram followed by an
extrapolation. By means of a supercontinuum laser, we investigate the
measurement of the cross section via DIH for stationary particles
across a broad spectrum, from 440 nm to 1040 nm. The
particles considered include a 50 µm glass microsphere, a
volcanic ash particle, and an iron(III) oxide particle. The results
show the ability to estimate a particle’s cross section to within 10%
error across portions of the spectrum and approximately 20% error
otherwise. An examination of the accompanying hologram-derived
particle images reveals details in the images that evolve with
wavelength. The behavior suggests a basic means to resolve whether
absorption or scattering dominates a particle’s extinction.
More than malware: unmasking the hidden risk of cybersecurity regulations
Authors: Kianpour Mazaher , Raza Shahid 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCybersecurity investments are made within a complex and ever-evolving environment, where regulatory changes represent a significant risk factor. While cybersecurity regulations aim to minimize cyber risks and enhance protection, the uncertainty arising from frequent changes or new regulations can significantly impact organizational response strategies. This paper explores the determinants and implications of regulatory risks associated with cybersecurity, aiming to provide a deeper understanding of how these risks influence strategic decision-making. The study delves into the suggestion of preventive and mitigative controls that enable businesses to adapt to and mitigate potential disruptions caused by regulatory changes, thereby preserving their established cybersecurity practices. Another key contribution of this study is the introduction of a stochastic econometric model that illustrates how regulatory risks and uncertainties can affect investment behaviors, often prompting a “wait-and-see” stance. This model synthesizes the complex relationship among investment choices, regulatory changes, and cybersecurity risks, providing insights into the dynamic nature of cybersecurity investment strategies. The research findings offer valuable guidance for risk management and strategic planning in cybersecurity investments. By comprehensively understanding the drivers and impacts of regulatory risks, businesses and policymakers can develop more effective risk evaluation and management approaches. This is essential for sustaining a strong cybersecurity posture while navigating the changing regulatory environment.
Effect of montelukast in preventing dengue with warning signs among patients with dengue: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Nitinai Nattapat , Nasomsong Worapong , Chuerboonchai Worayon , Tweekittikul Akarawin , Khingmontri Vutthikorn , Panuvatvanich Bawornnan , Bangchuad Thananut , Pongpraijaroen Maynanchaya , Roongfa-ngarm Tanapol , Vasikasin Vasin 
Published: February 2024

Background
Montelukast has shown potential as a candidate treatment for dengue. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of montelukast in preventing dengue with warning signs.

Methods
This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled adult participants with NS1 antigenemia in Thailand. The participants were randomly assigned to receive either oral montelukast (10 mg) or a placebo for 10 days or until all symptoms resolved.

Results
Between January 2021 and June 2023, 358 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either montelukast or placebo. The incidence rate of warning signs in the montelukast group and the placebo group were 9.5% and 7.8% per day, respectively. There was no difference between the two groups (HR 1.36; 95%CI 0.94–1.96, P = 0.105). No statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence rate of severe dengue, hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, admission, or recovery from dengue. Neither dengue shock, nor mortality occurred. The montelukast group exhibited a decreased incidence rate of transaminase elevations (0.7% vs 1.4% per day, HR: 0.48, 95%CI 0.25–0.90, P = 0.023).

Conclusion
Oral montelukast does not reduce the incidence of warning signs among patients with dengue. Nevertheless, the observed decrease in transaminase elevations warrants further investigation to evaluate the potential effect of montelukast.

Clinical Trials Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04673422, registered on 9 December 2020
Understanding the current acute aortic syndrome (AAS) pathways—The Collaborative Acute Aortic Syndrome Project (CAASP) protocol
Authors: Zhong Jim , Vigneswaran Ganesh , Safdar Nawaz Z. , Mandal Indrajeet , Singh Aminder A. , Nandhra Sandip ,   on behalf of the CAASP steering committee
Published: February 2024

Background
Acute aortic syndrome (AAS) is an emergency associated with high peri-hospital mortality rates. Variable clinical presentation makes timely diagnosis challenging and such delays in diagnosis directly impact patient outcomes.

Aims and objectives
The aims of the Collaborative Acute Aortic Syndrome Project (CAASP) are to characterise and evaluate the current AAS pathways of a cohort of hospitals in the UK, USA and New Zealand to determine if patient outcomes are influenced by the AAS pathway (time to hospital admission, diagnosis and management plan) and demographic, social, geographic and patient-specific factors (clinical presentation and comorbidities). The objectives are to describe different AAS pathways and time duration between hospital admission to diagnosis and management plan instigation, and to compare patient outcomes between pathways.

Methods
The study is a multicentre, retrospective service evaluation project of adult patients diagnosed on imaging with AAS. It will be coordinated by the UK National Interventional Radiology Trainee Research (UNITE) network and Vascular and Endovascular Research Network (VERN) in conjunction with The Aortic Dissection Charitable Trust (TADCT). All AAS cases diagnosed on imaging between 1st January 2018 to 1st June 2021 will be included and followed-up for 6 months. Eligibility criteria include aortic dissection (AD) Type A, Type B, non A/B, penetrating aortic ulcer, and intramural haematoma. Exclusion criteria are non-AAS pathology, acute on chronic AAS, and age<18. This project will evaluate patient demographics, timing of presentation, patient symptoms, risk factors for AD, physical examination findings, timing to imaging and treatment, hospital stay, and mortality. Univariate and multivariate analysis will be used to identify predictors associated with prolonged time to diagnosis or treatment and mortality at 30 days.
Understanding coverage of antenatal care in Palestine: Cross-sectional analysis of Palestinian Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 2019–2020
Authors: Horino Masako , Massad Salwa , Ahmed Saifuddin , Abu Khalid Khalid , Abed Yehia 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Antenatal care is an essential component of primary healthcare, providing opportunities to screen, prevent, and treat morbidity to preserve the health of mothers and offspring. The World Health Organization now recommends a minimum of eight antenatal care contacts, instead of four, which is challenging in countries exposed to political violence and structural disparities in access to social, economic and healthcare resources as exist in Palestine. This study examines the compliance of the recommend standard of antenatal care in Palestine.

Methods
We analyzed data from the UNICEF’s Palestinian Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019–2020. The eligible sample consisted of 2,028 women, 15–49 years of age, living in Palestine, on whom data were available on reported antenatal care services received during the most recent pregnancy within the last two years. Outcome variables of interest were the reported frequencies of antenatal care visits, gestational timing of 1st visit, and services received. Potential risk factors were assessed in women attending less than eight versus eight or more antenatal contacts, as recommended by WHO, by estimating prevalence ratios with 95% Confidence Intervals.

Results
Overall, 28% of women did not meet the WHO’s recommendation of eight or more antenatal contacts, varying from 18% in Central West Bank to 33% in South West Bank across the four areas of Palestine (North, Central, and South West Bank and Gaza Strip). Twelve percent of women reported having had no antenatal contacts in the 1st trimester, and these women were two- to three-folds more unlikely to meet WHO recommendation of antenatal contacts than mothers who initiated the antenatal contact in the 1st trimester. Women who had less than eight antenatal contacts were generally poorer, higher in parity, lived in North and South West Bank, sought ANC from either doctor or nurse/midwife only, and initiated antenatal contact in 2nd-to-3rd trimesters.

Conclusion
There were considerable socioeconomic and geographic inequalities in the prevalence of not meeting WHO recommended number of antenatal contacts in Palestine, offering the opportunity to inform, improve and continuously reassess coverage of antenatal care.
Endocuff With or Without Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Colonoscopy in Detection of Colorectal Adenoma: A Randomized Colonoscopy Trial
Authors: Lui Thomas Ka-Luen , Lam Carla Pui-Mei , To Elvis Wai-Pan , Ko Michael Kwan-Lung , Tsui Vivien Wai Man , Liu Kevin Sze-Hang , Hui Cynthia Ka-Yin , Cheung Michael Ka-Shing , Mak Loey Lung-Yi , Hui Rex Wan-Hin , Wong Siu-Yin , Seto Wai Kay , Leung Wai K. 
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Both artificial intelligence (AI) and distal attachment devices have been shown to improve adenoma detection rate and reduce miss rate during colonoscopy. We studied the combined effect of Endocuff and AI on enhancing detection rates of various colonic lesions.

METHODS:
This was a 3-arm prospective randomized colonoscopy study involving patients aged 40 years or older. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to undergo Endocuff with AI, AI alone, or standard high-definition (HD) colonoscopy. The primary outcome was adenoma detection rate (ADR) between the Endocuff-AI and AI groups while secondary outcomes included detection rates of polyp (PDR), sessile serrated lesion (sessile detection rate [SDR]), and advanced adenoma (advanced adenoma detection rate) between the 2 groups.

RESULTS:
A total of 682 patients were included (mean age 65.4 years, 52.3% male), with 53.7% undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy. The ADR for the Endocuff-AI, AI, and HD groups was 58.7%, 53.8%, and 46.3%, respectively, while the corresponding PDR was 77.0%, 74.0%, and 61.2%. A significant increase in ADR, PDR, and SDR was observed between the Endocuff-AI and AI groups (ADR difference: 4.9%, 95% CI: 1.4%–8.2%, P = 0.03; PDR difference: 3.0%, 95% CI: 0.4%–5.8%, P = 0.04; SDR difference: 6.4%, 95% CI: 3.4%–9.7%, P < 0.01). Both Endocuff-AI and AI groups had a higher ADR, PDR, SDR, and advanced adenoma detection rate than the HD group (all P < 0.01).

DISCUSSION:
Endocuff in combination with AI further improves various colonic lesion detection rates when compared with AI alone.
Kesuburan Perairan Berdasarkan Kandungan Nutrien Pada Ekosistem Mangrove Di Kawasan Hutan Mangrove Pasar Banggi, Rembang - Jawa Tengah
Authors: Romadhony Muchammad Yusuf , Hartoko Agus , Muskananfola Max Rudolf 
Published: February 2024

Nutrien memiliki peranan penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan biota laut. Kandungan nutrien merupakan salah satu indikator terhadap kesuburan sebagai deskripsi kualitatif suatu perairan. Secara alamiah konsentrasi nutrien dalam perairan bervariasi dan dalam kondisi tertentu dapat terjadi keadaan di luar batas optimal bagi organisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrien Nitrat, Fosfat, Organik Terlarut dan Makrozoobentos dan mengetahui tingkat kesuburan perairan Hutan Mangrove Desa Pasar Banggi, Kecamatan Rembang, Kabupaten Rembang. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, sedangkan pemilihan lokasi pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling method. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah kandungan nutrien nitrat pada area penelitian menunjukkan variasi yang cukup besar yaitu antara kurang dari 0.02 - 0.621 mg/L tergolong dalam klasifikasi oligotrofik, Kandungan fosfat masih relatif sama di semua titik pengamatan yaitu kurang dari 0.018 mg/L. Kandungan C-organik bervariasi yaitu kurang dari 0,5 mg/L - 0.67 mg/L tergolong dalam klasifikasi oligotrofik, dan zat organik mencapai 4,74 mg/L - 34.128 mg/L, bentos jenis Terebralia sp dan Telescopium telescopium hidup pada seluruh lokasi pengamatan sementara hanya ditemukan di 3 stasiun pengamatan, bentos jenis Gyraulus sp memiliki jumlah yang paling banyak ditemukan dan kandungan nutrien perairan tergolong rendah atau termasuk perairan oligotrofik. Sifat hidup makrozoobentos memberikan keuntungan untuk digunakan sebagai indikator biologi diantaranya memiliki habitat hidup yang menetap. Dengan demikian, perubahan-perubahan kualitas air tempat hidupnya akan berpengaruh terhadap komposisi dan kelimpahannya.
Comparative Performance Evaluation of Ultrasonic Welding and Conventional Sewing Methods in Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Küçük Mehmet , Pamuk Oktay , Topbaş Özlem 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
When transforming two-dimensional fabric pieces into three-dimensional clothing with different sewing methods, choosing the proper technique is one of the primary factors affecting the quality of the product. Within the scope of the study, five different types of knitted fabric alternatives, which are frequently used in products for daily use, are discussed. The conventional joining methods (lock stitch and overedge stitching) and ultrasonic welding were evaluated in terms of joint performance. All the evaluations made in terms of seam strength and seam efficiency showed that the overedge stitch is more performant in sewing knitted fabrics. One of the critical advantages of ultrasonic welding, the absence of the need for needle and thread and the absence of these costs, necessitated the evaluation of one more feature of the joining methods in the study. In this context, the energy consumption values of all the methods were evaluated. As a result, the energy consumption value of ultrasonic welding is approximately 1.3 times higher than overedge stitching and approximately 10.7 times higher than lockstitching.
Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Thyroid Operations as a Method of Reducing Neurological Deficit
Authors: Pilewski Dawid , Zomkowska Edyta 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Intraoperative neuromonitoring consists in current stimulation of the laryngeal nerve located near the thyroid gland. The intensity is usually set in the range of 1–2 mA in order to give the desired effect, but also to give the selectivity of the controlled nerves. The charge is designed to stimulate the vocal cords and motor innervation within the larynx, especially in the area of tissues subjected to surgery.
Aim. The aim of the study was to present intraoperative monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve as a method of reducing the incidence of side effects associated with damage to the laryngeal nerve and to compare the quality of life of patients who were neuromonitored during procedures with those who underwent surgery without the use of intraoperative neuromonitoring.
Material and Methods. The study was conducted in two research groups. The first group consisted of 100 patients from CentroMedica Sp. z o. o. from all over Poland, who underwent surgery to remove a thyroid tumor with the help of neuromonitoring. The second research group consisted of 100 patients of the same company. They also underwent thyroid tumor excision, but in their case without the use of neuromonitoring. In the study described in this paper, the diagnostic survey method was used using the HAQ health questionnaire and the analysis of medical records.
Results. In patients after procedures without the use of intraoperative monitoring, postoperative complications were observed more often than in patients with monitoring. Patients after procedures without neuromonitoring more often had hoarseness as a complication after the procedure.
Conclusions. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroid surgery has an impact on the better quality of life of patients after surgery. (JNNN 2023;12(3):112–119)
The radioactive contamination of ground and surface water near a uranium mine in Malawi
Authors: Majawa L. J. , Jegede O. A. , Tshivhase V. M. , Chobeka B. T. , Mokgele T. D. 
Published: February 2024

Ground and surface water in the uranium mining area of Kayelekera in Malawi was assessed for concentration levels of radioactive metals. Potential health risks associated with the intake of these metals in drinking water from various sources were also estimated. Surface, groundwater and mine discharge water samples were collected and analysed for radio elemental concentration using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analytical technique. The results indicated a high concentration of 238U in water samples from lower Sere river. The activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K were however below WHO recommended limit. Health risk assessment using average committed effective dose were below the global average. Excess lifetime cancer risk values with an average of for borehole water was calculated and found to be below the global average. Radiologically, the water quality of Kayelekera area post uranium mining activities has not been compromised, however close monitoring and treating of drinking water is recommended
Social and behavioral risk factors associated with cognitive impairment among the middle-aged and elderly Russian population
Authors: Imaeva A. E. , Kapustina A. V. , Kutsenko V. A. , Balanova Yu. A. , Maksimov S. A. , Muromtseva G. A. , Kotova M. B. , Karamnova N. S. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Litinskaya O. A. , Pokrovskaya M. S. , Imaeva N. A. , Gomanova L. I. , Doludin Yu. V. , Efimova I. A. , Borisova A. L. , Svinin G. E. , Kuzyakina S. O. , Yarovaya E. B. , Repkina T. V. , Gonoshilova T. O. , Kudryavtsev A. V. , Belova N. I. , Shagrov L. L. , Glukhovskaya S. V. , Levina I. A. , Shirshova E. A. , Dorzhieva E. B. , Urbanova E. Z. , Borovkova N. Yu. , Kurashin V. K. , Tokareva A. S. , Ragino A. S. , Simonova G. I. , Khudyakova A. D. , Nikulin V. N. , Aslyamov O. R. , Khokhlova O. V. , Solovyova A. V. , Rodionov A. A. , Kryachkova O. V. , Shamurova Yu. Yu. , Tantsyreva I. V. , Baryshnikova I. N. , Ataev M. G. , Radjabov M. O. , Umetov M. A. , Elgarova L. V. , Khakuasheva I. A. , Isakhanova M. M. , Yamashkina E. I. , Esina M. V. , Kunyaeva T. A. , Nikitina A. M. , Savvina N. V. , Spiridonova Yu. E. , Naumova E. A. , Keskinov A. A. , Yudin V. S. , Yudin S. M. , Shalnova S. A. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To assess the associations of social and behavioral risk factors with cognitive impairment in the Russian population aged 55-74 years.Material and methods. This study was conducted as part of the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation-3 (ESSE-RF3) study. A total of 13736 participants living in 14 Russian regions were examined. Cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score as follows: cognitive impairment was recorded in the total score<24, based on 30 points. Associations were assessed using logistic regression after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, drinking status, and the presence of hypertension and stroke.Results. According to the multivariate analysis, no higher education (odds ratio (OR) 2,5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1,98-3,27), p=0,001), no marriage (OR 1,6 (95% CI: 1,29-2,00), p=0,001), unemployment (OR 2,2 (95% CI: 1,71-2,86), p=0,001), and low income (OR 2,04 (95% CI: 1,60-2,57), p=0,001) are significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Of the 4 behavioral risk factors studied, only insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits was significantly associated with cognitive impairment (OR 1,52 (95% CI: 1,18-1,99), p=0,001)Conclusion. The study results indicate an association between cognitive impairment and education, marital status, income, employment, professional activity, as well as insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits.
Police and robber game on infinite chessboard
Authors: Азамов Абдулла Азамович , Аzamov Аbdulla , Кувватов Фатхул , Кuvatov Fatxull , Туйлиев Хасан , Tuyliyev Hasan 
Published: February 2024

It is considered two variants of the game "Policeman and a robber", on an infinite chessboard that is a graph giving a regular partition of the plane into squares. Heuristic and precise definitions of the concepts "the initial state is winning for the pursuer", and "the initial state is winning for the evader" are formulated. Then, criteria for determining if a given initial state is winning for the pursuer or for the evader is given.