bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and interobserver variability of a grading system of ventricular distension in dogs
Authors: Czerwik Adriana , Schmidt Martin Jürgen , Olszewska Agnieszka , Hinz Steven , Büttner Kathrin , Farke Daniela 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionInternal hydrocephalus is the most common malformation of the central nervous system in dogs. Although the grades of ventricular distension have importance for long-term prognosis, there is no standard classification scheme describing the grade of the ventricular distension in dogs.Materials and methodsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 147 dogs of various breed, sex, skull conformation, and weight were reviewed retrospectively and blinded between three observers. Based on objectively assessable morphologic characteristics, the lateral cerebral ventricles were graded as normal, minimally, mildly, moderately, severely enlarged or end stage (grade 0 to grade 5), respectively. Evans’ index or the ventricle brain index was also measured in all animals. Interobserver agreement between a very experienced, experienced, and unexperienced person was evaluated by the Spearman coefficient and kappa tests. Additionally, correlation to the ventricle brain index was determined using the Spearman coefficient and F-tests.ResultsThe Spearman correlation coefficient reached a very strong correlation (r = 0.97) between the experienced and very experienced observer and a strong correlation (r = 0.91) between the very experienced and unexperienced observer. The kappa value revealed excellent interobserver agreement between the very experienced and experienced observers (weighted kappa 0.91) and moderate between the very experienced and unexperienced observers (weighted kappa 0.75). The ventricular-brain index correlated (r = 0.94, Spearman coefficient test) with the grading system, indicating that a more elevated ratio was related to a more advanced degree of ventricular enlargement. The interobserver agreement with regard to the grade between the neurologist in training and a board-certified neurologist was excellent and between the board-certified neurologist and general practitioner achieved lower values.ConclusionThe presented MRI-based grading of ventricular enlargement is a reliable and functional method for an objective grading of the ventricular system in dogs. Some experience in MRI and brain anatomy is needed for interpretation and grading.
Emerging threat of ranavirus: prevalence, genetic diversity, and climatic drivers of Ranavirus (Iridoviridae) in ectothermic vertebrates of Asia
Authors: Herath Jayampathi , Sun Dan , Ellepola Gajaba , Subramaniam Kuttichantran , Meegaskumbura Madhava 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionRanavirus disease, caused by viruses within the genus Ranavirus (Iridoviridae), is considered a globally emerging infectious disease linked to mass mortality events in both wild and cultured ectothermic vertebrates. Surveillance work is, however, limited in Asia hence prevalence and the dynamics of the disease remain poorly understood. To understand disease burden and the potential biotic and abiotic drivers in southern China region, we conducted a systematic surveillance of the ranavirus across Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region (GAR).MethodsFor this, we used a multifaceted approach involving screening of amphibians and other potential hosts, diagnostic tests, phylogenetic analyses, prevalence estimation, co-infection assessments, and climatic niche analyses. Over one thousand individuals were sampled across 25 sampling sites.ResultsWe found ninety-two individuals from 18 species of ectothermic vertebrates to be infected with ranavirus. Two lineages were responsible – Rana nigromaculata ranavirus and tiger frog virus were identified using phylogenetic analysis based on the major capsid protein (MCP) gene fragment. Out of these two lineages, the presence of tiger frog virus is rare as we came across only one case. We also found evidence of a co-infection with ranavirus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis that can be highly detrimental to host populations; possibly the first such documentation in Asia. Our niche modelling analysis suggests that precipitation seasonality plays an important role in ranavirus prevalence in GAR – southwestern, southeastern, central and northeastern regions of GAR can be considered to be optimum habitats for ranaviruses. Infection rates in wild frog species have reached 100% in some areas, even in nature reserves.DiscussionOur research also indicates that culture facilities and pet markets are frequently infected, serving as likely vectors for the regional and global spread of ranaviruses. The knowledge generated suggests the need for systematic surveillance, stringent biosecurity measures, and control of international animal trade to prevent further transmission and protection of biodiversity and aquaculture industries across Asia.
Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characteristics of Salmonella from broilers in Shandong Province
Authors: Zhao Liyuan , Liu Gang , Tang Wenli , Song Xiangbin , Zhao Xiaoyu , Wang Chu , Li Youzhi , Zou Ming 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Salmonella, which is a genus of important zoonotic pathogens, has aroused great public health concern worldwide.MethodsIn this study, 167 strains of Salmonella were isolated from 947 samples from broiler farms, slaughterhouses, and markets in Shandong Province. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed, and 70 strains of Salmonella were screened out by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to evaluate serotypes, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), the prevalence of class 1 integrons, the plasmid carriage rate, and phylogenetic characteristics and for multilocus sequence typing (MLST).ResultsThe results showed that the 167 isolates showed the highest resistance to ampicillin (AMP, 87.4%), sulfamethoxazole (SF, 87.4%), compound sulfamethoxazole (SXT, 81.4%), nalidixic acid (NAL, 80.2%), and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (A/C, 77.8%). All the strains were sensitive to meropenem (MEM), and 91.0% of the isolates were MDR strains. We screened a total of 45 ARGs, with the highest detection rate observed for the tetracycline (TET) resistance gene tet (A) (81.4%). A total of 21 types of plasmid replicons were detected in Salmonella, of which IncX1 was the most common (74.3%), and 62.9% of the isolates carried a class 1 integron. In addition, a total of 11 different serotypes were detected, with S. enteritidis as the predominant serovar., followed by S. infantis and S. Newport. Twelve different sequence types (STs) were detected, among which ST11 was the main type. There was a strong correspondence between serotypes and STs. We also found that S. Indiana and S. Kentucky had extremely high rates of resistance to ciprofloxacin (CIP) and third-generation cephalosporins. System-wide genome analysis showed the occurrence of long-distance transmission across fields.ConclusionIn conclusion, the detection of multidrug resistance and isolates carrying multidrug resistance genes is the main problem, and emergency strategies should be implemented to address this issue.
Scenario-Based Seismic Risk Assessment for the Reykjavik Capital Area
Authors: Bessason Bjarni , Rupakhety Rajesh , Bjarnason Jón Örvar 
Published: November 2023

About two-thirds of the population in Iceland lives in the Reykjavik capital area (RCA), which is close to active volcanoes and seismic zones. In the period 1900–2019, a total of 53 earthquakes of Mw≥5.0 struck in these zones. The two largest events in the Reykjanes Peninsula, Mw6.36 and Mw6.12, occurred in 1929 and 1968, respectively. Both events were less than 20 km from the outskirts of the RCA. Late in the year 2020, the seismicity on the peninsula greatly increased due to magma intrusion and volcanic activity, which has so far resulted in three eruptions, in 2021, 2022, and 2023, and six earthquakes of Mw≥5.0. Based on historical and geological data, the ongoing activity is probably the initial phase of an active period ahead that could continue for many decades, and has the potential to trigger larger earthquakes like those in 1929 and 1968. Further east, in the South Iceland Seismic Zone, two earthquakes of Mw6.52 and 6.44 struck in June 2000, and in May 2008, a Mw6.31 earthquake occurred. In both cases, around 5000 buildings were affected. Insurance loss data from these events have been used to develop empirical vulnerability models for low-rise buildings. In this study, the loss data are used to calibrate seismic vulnerability models in terms of the source-site distance. For a given magnitude scenario, this provides a simpler representation of seismic vulnerability and is useful for emergency planning and disaster management. These models are also used to compute different types of scenario risk maps for the RCA for a repeat of the 1929 earthquake.
Ritmo corporal y coordinación audiomotriz
Authors: Pun Lay León Carlos Efraín 
Published: November 2023

Esta investigación tuvo como principal objetivo determinar la influencia del Programa de psicomotricidad Pun Lay en la coordinación audiomotriz de los estudiantes de una universidad de Lima. Está estructurado en 16 sesiones de aprendizaje de psicomotricidad cuya aplicación mejoró significativamente la coordinación audiomotriz a través de diversas actividades psicomotrices para la mejora de la percepción de la duración del tiempo, en la percepción del silencio, en la percepción de estructuras rítmicas y en el reconocimiento de Ritmos en los estudiantes de una universidad de Lima. Este estudio es de tipo cuantitativo y con un diseño cuasi experimental aplicado a dos grupos, uno de control y otro experimental compuesto por una muestra de 54 estudiantes de una universidad de Lima. Con respecto a los resultados estadísticos, muestran el nivel de significancia (U-Mann-Whitney:p=000 p=.286), puntajes obtenidos del pretest. Por consiguiente, en el postest del grupo experimental, presenta una gran diferencia significativa en los puntajes obtenidos del grupo control (U-Mann-Whitney:***p<.001)
Hubungan Pola Patah Tulang dengan Gejala Klinis pada Patah Tulang Dasar Kepala (PTDK) Anterior
Authors: Musu Hardianto , Prasetyo Eko , Oley Maximilian C. , Langi Fredrik G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury can occur due to skull base fracture at the anterior, middle, and posterior parts with life-threatening complications. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between anterior skull base fracture pattern and its clinical signs and symptoms. This was a retrospective chart review with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were 50 patients with anterior skull base fracture based on 3D CT scan, and then their clinical signs and symptoms were evaluated. Data were analyzed bivariately using the Pearson Chi-Square test and the Fisher Exact alternative. The results showed that the most common clinical signs and symptoms in type I was anosmia; in type II, related to eyes; in type III, rhinorrhea; and in type IV, signs and symptoms of all entities. The most common fracture pattern in the subjects was frontolateral type (type III). There was a significant relationship between the pattern of fracture based on the 3D CT scan with the clinical signs and symptoms of patients including cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, anosmia, racoon eyes, and visual deficit (p<0.001). In conclusion, there is a signifinat relationship between pattern of anterior skull base fracture with clinical signs and symptoms.
Keywords: traumatic brain injury; anterior skull base fracture; 3D CT scan; clinical signs and symptoms

Abstrak: Cedera otak akibat trauma (COT) dapat terjadi akibat patah tulang dasar kepala (PTDK) baik pada basis tengkorak anterior, tengah, dan posterior, dengan komplikasi mengancam jiwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hubungan pola patah tulang dengan gejala klinis pada PTDK anterior. Jenis penelitian ialah retrospektif menggunakan rekam medis dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian ialah 50 pasien PTDK anterior dengan pola patah tulang sesuai 3D CT scan dan dievaluasi kondisi klinisnya. Uji bivariat menggunakan uji Pearson chi-square dengan alternatif Fisher exact. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan gejala klinis yang paling umum: tipe I yaitu anosmia; tipe II yaitu gejala berhubungan dengan mata; tipe III yaitu rinorea; dan tipe IV memberikan gejala yang mencakup semua entitas. Pola patah tulang terbanyak ialah patah tulang frontolateral (tipe III). Pola patah tulang yang dinilai melalui 3D CT-scan berhubungan bermakna dengan derajat gejala klinis pasien PTDK anterior meliputi rinorea cairan serebrospinal, anosmia, racoon eyes, dan defisit visual (p<0,001). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pola PTDK anterior dengan gejala klinis.
Kata kunci: cedera otak akibat trauma; patah tulang dasar kepala anterior; 3D CT scan; gejala klinis
Arka Noego dla świata roślin. Znaczenie ogrodów botanicznych w ochronie różnorodności roślin
Authors: Rucińska Anna , Puchalski Jerzy , Nowak Arkadiusz , Znój Anna 
Published: November 2023

W związku z nieustanną utratą siedlisk wielu gatunków i zmianami środowiska naturalnego spowodowanymi zmianami klimatycznymi, kolekcje ex situ w ostatnim czasie stały się bardzo cenioną formą zachowania różnorodności roślin. Szacuje się, że trzecia część wszystkich poznanych gatunków roślin na świecie oraz ponad 40% gatunków zagrożonych, reprezentowane są w ogrodach botanicznych na świecie. Różnorodność gatunków roślin zagrożonych w Europie została zabezpieczona w 62.7% jako efekt współpracy banków nasion flory naturalnej. Ogrody botaniczne z całym swoim zapleczem i zasobami w nich zgromadzonymi w bankach nasion, herbariach, szklarniach, szkółkach, laboratoriach i kolekcjach żywych roślin, mają znaczący wkład w ochronę różnorodności roślin na świecie i dlatego określane są jako Arka Noego dla roślin. W kolekcjach ex situ PAN Ogrodu Botanicznego CZRB dotychczas zabezpieczono około 30% rodzimej flory Polski oraz 58% gatunków o zagrożonych pulach genowych. Niniejsze opracowanie przedstawia stan zabezpieczenia różnorodności flory naturalnej na przykładzie pracy jednej instytucji zaangażowanej wraz z rekomendacjami do wdrożenia zintegrowanej ochrony świata roślin.
Perencanaan Kapasitas Produksi Janur Woka di UD. Pulu Bali Menggunakan Metode CRP (Capacity Requirement Planing)
Authors: Junus Stella , Rasyid Abdul , Wunarlan Irwan , Ardiana I Wayan 
Published: November 2023

UD. Pulu Bali merupakan usaha kecil menengah yang bergerak dibidang pengolahan janur woka dan produksinya menggunakan cara make to order dan make to stok. Perencanaan kapasitas memberikan kontribusi dalam penentuan tingkat kapsitas yang dibutuhkan dalam melakukan penjadwalan produksi agar dapat memenuhi target produksi. UD. Pulu Bali dalam melakukan produksinya belum bisa memenuhi permintaan konsumen, sehingganya untuk memenuhi permintaan tersebut, UD. Pulu Bali mengambil janur woka di produsen lain. Peramalan adalah langkah pertama dalam poses perencanaan dan pengendalian produksi yang digunakan dalam kegiatan produksi untuk mengetahui berapa banyak orang yang menginginkan suatu produk atau jasa. Capacity Requirement planning (CRP) merupakan proses untuk mengukur, mengetahui dan mengubah tingkat kapasitas atau proses untuk mengetahui berapa banyak sumber daya manusia dan sumbar daya mesin yang dibutuhkan dalam melaksanakan suatu proses produksi. Tujuan penelitian diharapkan dapat mengetahui produksi dengan menggunakan etode Capacity Requirement Planning (CRP) di UD. Pulu Bali. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan yang telah diuraikan dalam bab sebelumnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk mengetahui kapasitas produksi dari bulan Juni 2022 hingga Mei 2023 dilakukan perencanaan kapasitas produksi dengan menggunakan metode CRP untuk merencanakan target produksi 25000 pcs janur woka per bulan. Dalam hal ini membutuhkan waktu produksi 216 jam atau 27 hari kerja per bulan, dengan menambahkan tiga tenaga kerja dan satu stasiun kerja perebusan.Kata Kunci: Perencanaan Produksi, Kapasitas Produksi, Peramalan, Capacity Requirement planning
Variability in Early Post-main-sequence Stars in Globular Cluster NGC 3201
Authors: Ulloa-Solís D. , Cortés C. C. , Villanova S. , Albornoz Á. Llancaqueo , Ahumada J. A. , Parisi C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper we study stellar variability in the globular cluster NGC 3201 in the magnitude range V = 16–17, corresponding to the subgiant branch and blue stragglers region of the cluster. Our aim is to expand the sample of new type of variables with low amplitude and a short period found in previous papers. We used observations obtained at the Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito. We applied statistical tests and analyzed periodograms obtained by generalized Lomb–Scargle and phase dispersion minimization methods. We found five stars considered as variables and one as a possible variable. According to their periods (fluctuating between 0.33 and 0.57 days), amplitudes (between 0.03 and 0.87 V magnitudes), the position in the color–magnitude diagram, and the shape of their phased light curves, they do not resemble any known variable star. Because stellar variability could be produced by more than one process, we propose to complement this work with a spectroscopic analysis to confirm our results.
Reconnection Rate and Transition from Ion-coupled to Electron-only Reconnection
Authors: Guan Yundan , Lu Quanming , Lu San , Huang Kai , Wang Rongsheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Standard collisionless magnetic reconnection couples with both electron and ion dynamics. Recently, a new type of magnetic reconnection, electron-only magnetic reconnection without ion outflow, has been observed, and its reconnection rate has been found to be much higher than that in ion-coupled reconnection. In this paper, using 2D particle-in-cell simulations, we find that when the ion gyroradius is much smaller than the size of the simulation domain, magnetic reconnection is standard with ion outflows. As the ion gyroradius increases, the ion response gradually weakens, and the reconnection rate becomes higher. Electron-only reconnection occurs when the ion gyroradius is comparable to the size of the simulation domain. This trend applies to both strong and weak guide field situations. Therefore, the key factor that controls the transition from ion-coupled reconnection to electron-only reconnection is the ratio between the ion gyroradius and the size of the simulation domain. We further show that, in electron-only reconnection, when the initial electron current sheet is thinner, the reconnection rate and the electron outflow speed are higher.
Digitalisation & the EU Budget: a Case of Incomplete Budget Mainstreaming
Authors: Groenendijk Nico 
Published: November 2023

Cet article traite de la dimension budgétaire de la politique numérique de l’UE et de la numérisation comme l’une des six priorités politiques de l’UE. Sur la base d’un cadre analytique original, l’intégration budgétaire de la numérisation, en tant que priorité politique horizontale essentielle, fait l’objet d’une évaluation critique. La principale conclusion qui découle de cette analyse est que la numérisation est très bien priorisée, mais que son intégration budgétaire ne l’est pas.	En général, les dépenses de numérisation ne sont pas étiquetées exhaustivement, et la numérisation n’a pas d’objectifs de dépenses formels. Bien qu’il existe de nombreux indicateurs de performance dans les programmes de dépenses liés à la numérisation, ces indicateurs sont d’une utilité limitée pour l’intégration budgétaire et la budgétisation de la performance, si les dépenses ne sont pas correctement étiquetées. Du côté des recettes du budget de l’UE, il n’y a pas de lien entre la numérisation et les ressources de l’UE.	Dans le contexte de la Facilité pour la reprise et la résilience, cependant, l’intégration budgétaire de la numérisation est très bien développée, conformément à son importance politique.
Caractéristiques des patients sortis sans avis médical au service de psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgodo Ouédraogo (CHU-YO), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Sourabié Oumar , Nanema Désiré , Goumbri Patrice , Sawadogo B , Téguéra M , Karfo Kapouné , Ouango Jean-Gabriel , Ouedraogo Arouna 
Published: November 2023

Les sorties sans avis médicale (SSAM) ont fait l’objet de peu de travaux en Afrique. L’objectif de cette étude était d’étudier les SSAM au service de psychiatrie du CHU-YO. Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale rétrospective de 10 ans. A partir du registre d’hospitalisation nous avons inclus les patients. Les données collectées ont été saisies traitées avec le logiciel SPSS 20. La prévalence moyenne des SSAM était de 12.02 %. L’âge moyen des patients était de 31.32 ans. La durée moyenne de leur hospitalisation était de 9.54 jours. Ces patients avaient des ATCD psychiatriques (70.70 %). L’agitation (69.10 %) et l’agressivité (60.90 %) étaient les motifs d’hospitalisation les plus fréquents. Près de la moitié des patients (47.30 %) consommaient des SPA. Les troubles schizophréniques étaient le diagnostic le plus fréquent (51.20 %). Près de la moitié des patients (48.80 %) quittaient l’hôpital pendant la première semaine.
Le burnout chez les gendarmes sénégalais déployés en Haïti, dans le cadre des missions onusiennes de maintien de la paix
Authors: Ndiaye Mbayang , Makhtar Ba El Hadji , Diédhiou Bocar Baïla , Ndiaye Khourédia , Manga Marc , Loucar Souleymane , Diéganetine Jean Augustin 
Published: November 2023

Introduction : Le burnout est un phénomène décrit chez les policiers et les militaires. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’épidémiologie de ce syndrome en début et en fin de mission onusienne. Méthodologie : Nous avons réalisé une étude transversale, descriptive à visée analytique du 01 novembre 2017 (à deux mois de mission) au 31 octobre 2018 (à douze mois de mission). La population d’étude était l’ensemble du personnel du contingent. Les données étaient recueillies à l’aide d’un questionnaire lors d’un entretien semi-directif. L’inventaire de l’épuisement professionnel de Maslach (MBI) était utilisé. Résultats : Cent dix-huit (118) gendarmes étaient enrôlés. L’âge moyen de l’échantillon était de 33,1 ± 5,6 ans. La sex-ratio était de 6,9 en faveur des hommes. La prévalence du burnout était de 43,2 % en début de mission contre 38,4 % en fin de mission. Une différence négative non significative du MBI était observée entre la fin et le début de la mission (p=0,83). Par contre, elle était positive et significative avec l’épuisement émotionnel (p=0,017). Conclusion : Le burnout est une réalité chez les militaires sénégalais déployés dans les théâtres d’opérations extérieures. Ainsi, il est important de promouvoir un suivi plus strict dans leur accompagnement psychologique.