bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of transvaginal uterine Doppler assessment in an in vitro fertilization program
Authors: Favre R. , Bettahar K. , Grange G. , Ohl J. , Arbogast E. , Moreau L. , Dellenbach P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis study evaluates the prognostic value of uterine Doppler performed on the day of embryo transfer in an in vitro fertilization program. Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of ovarian stimulation. The Doppler investigation was carried out using vaginal sonography. The pulsatility index was used to evaluate the uterine blood flow pattern. The hormonal profile (estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone) was correlated to Doppler results and to the pregnancy rate. The comparison between patients treated with analogs and those who were not shows a significant difference in their hormonal profile. In the first group, we found a higher estradiol and progesterone serum concentration. The LH level and the pulsatility index were statistically lower. The endometrium was thicker in patients treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists. In the group of patients treated with analogs, the statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the mean pulsatility index value in women who achieved a pregnancy and in those who failed. In the group of patients who received no agonists, only one variable was significantly different: the mean age was lower in women who became pregnant. We observed no ongoing pregnancy in women who had a pulsatility index value higher than two standard deviations (pulsatility index = 3.55). We therefore suggest the use of this value as a threshold. Thus, if a patient has a high uterine artery impedance, cryopreservation should be used and embryo transfer should be postponed to a subsequent cycle, or embryo transfer delayed for a few days using co‐culture. This study clearly shows the impact of hormonal response on the Doppler value and on the pregnancy rate. However, the use of a threshold value for uterine artery pulsatility index might have a clinical impact in the future management of patients attending an in vitro fertilization program. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of a rare occurrence of lethal multiple pterygium syndrome in two siblings
Authors: Meizner I. , Hershkovitz R. , Carmi R. , Katz M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report two cases of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of the lethal form of multiple pterygium syndrome in successive pregnancies in the same woman. This extremely rare entity is characterized by multiple pterygia, flexion contractures, facial anomalies and hypoplasia of heart and lungs. The appearance of the congenital cataract is unique and this finding was present in both abortuses. Prenatal detection of this syndrome is feasible, and an ultrasound survey should be offered during genetic counselling to previously affected couples. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Endoscopic laser coagulation of umbilical cord vessels in twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence
Authors: Ville Y. , Hyett J. A. , Vandenbussche F. P. H. A. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn monozygotic twin pregnancies with reversed urterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence, the donor twin is ut high risk of perinatal death. This paper describes the use of endoscopic surgery in the management of this condition. In four cases of TRAP sequence presenting at 17, 20, 26 and 28 weeks' gestation, respectively, an endoscope was introduced into the uterus under local anesthesia and a Nd‐YAG laser was used to coagulate the umbilical cord vessels of the acardiac twin. Laser coagulation was successful in arresting blood flow to the acardiac fetus in the cases treated at 17 and 20 weeks, and healthy infants were delivered at term. In the pregnancies treated at 26 and 28 weeks, the umbilical cords were very edematous and laser coagulation failed to arrest blood flow; healthy infants were delivered after spontaneous labor at 29 weeks. These findings suggest that, during mid‐gestation, endoscopic laser coagulation of the umbilical cord vessels of the acardiac twin is an effective method of treating TRAP sequence. In later pregnancy, alternative methods of treatment are needed. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prevalence in a volunteer population of pelvic cancer detected with transvaginal ultrasound and color flow Doppler
Authors: Schulman H. , Conway C. , Zalud I. , Farmakides G. , Haley J. , Cassata M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOur objective was to find the prevalence of non‐symptomatic endometrial and ovarian neoplasms in a volunteer population of women, aged 40 and over. We offered a free volunteer screening program to asymptomatic women for a study using transvaginal ultrasound and color flow Doppler for the detection of pelvic cancer. In the first 2 years, 2117 women were examined, 51.3% post‐menopausal. An ovarian cyst was defined as having a maximum diameter of more than 2.4 cm. Color flow was used to identify blood vessels feeding pelvic organs and adnexal enlargements. An abnormal Doppler flow velocity for the ovary was defined as a resistance index of less than 0.41. Ovarian cysts of less than 5 cm with normal Doppler indices were followed up in 6 months to 1 year. An adnexal morphology score was created to quantify the usefulness of this parameter, particularly in postmenopausal women. Indications for surgery were pre‐defined as a persistent ovarian cyst of more than 5 cm, a persistent suspicious Doppler and a total endometrial thickness of greater than 0.59 cm in postmenopausal women not taking hormones.A total of 202 women (9.5%) had ovarian cysts. Fourteen women were operated upon because of size criteria, one because of family history and three for persistent abnormal flow. By Doppler study, 15 cysts were predicted to be benign and histology was confirmatory. There were two false positives and one true positive, a stage Ib ovarian cancer. There were no false negatives, although a stage I endometrioid cancer of the ovary was detected 8 months after a negative scan. In those cases in which follow‐up data were available, 56% of the cysts regressed in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, 28% regressed. Twenty of 1086 postmenopausal women had endometrial biopsies. Three had endometrial cancer, two stage I and one stage IIA. Five had atypical or adenomatous hyperplasia, and seven had benign polyps.So many women have small asymptomatic cysts of the ovary that a major reorientation of physicians' attitudes towards the ovary will have to be introduced to adapt to this new information. In this population, the prevalence of benign epithelial ovarian neoplasms was 7/1000, and of malignancy was 05/1000. In postmenopausal women, the prevalence rate for endometrial cancer was 5/1000, with 5/1000 hyperplasias and 7/1000 benign polyps. When endometrial and ovarian cancer screening are combined, the yield is comparable to that seen in breast and cervical cancer screening. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fetal suprarenal masses: sonographic appearance and differential diagnosis
Authors: Rubenstein S. C. , Benacerraf B. R. , Retik A. B. , Mandell J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe present eight cases of suprarenal masses detected sonographically in fetuses of 20–41 weeks. The appearances of the masses included hyperechoic (n = 2, both pulmonary sequestrations), solid isoechoic (n = 1, a neuroblastoma), purely cystic (n = 3, two neuroblastomas, one enteric cyst) and mixed or complex (n = 2, one neuroblastoma and one renal cyst). Three of the fetuses with neuroblastoma had normal scans in the second trimester, and in all four the neuroblastomas were detected after 36 weeks.This study demonstrates the differential diagnosis of suprarenal masses in fetuses. Neuroblastomas can have a solid, purely cystic or complex sonographic appearance. Although not all suprarenal masses are neuroblastomas, the newborn with a prenatally detected suprarenal mass should be evaluated for the possibility of a neuroblastoma, since early diagnosis of this malignancy can be curative. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Toward fetal therapy using needle embryofetoscopy
Authors: Reece E. A. , Homko C. , Goldstein I. , Wiznitzer A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOur objective was to explore the feasibility of using both transvaginal endoscopy and transabdominal needle embryofetoscopy for early prenatal diagnosis. Our experience with both terminating and continuing pregnancies is presented in this report. Following the granting of informed consent, patients undergoing first‐trimester terminations were invited to participate in this program. Initially, a transvaginal endoscope was used in these studies: a rigid fiberoptic endoscope 30 cm in length with a diameter of 1.5 mm. Subsequently, a specially designed 16‐gauge, double‐barrel needle sheath, equipped with a 0.8‐mm fiberoptic endoscope and a customized 27‐gauge heparinized needle were used. In either case, the endoscope was passed under ultrasound guidance in to the exocelomic space, from which the anatomy of the embryo/fetus was scrutinized. For continuing pregnancies, patients were selected when at high risk for various dysmorphology syndromes. To date, we have successfully performed more than 300 transvaginal procedures, successfully visualized the fetus in 95% of cases, and verified sonographically suspected anomalies in all of the five cases studied. We have also performed 20 transabdominal procedures, 15 in terminating pregnancies and five in continuing pregnancies, without adverse effects. Our experience establishes the feasibility of first‐trimester diagnostic endoscopy. This new development is expected to serve as a prelude for further studies that attempt to diagnose and treat congenital diseases in early pregnancy. Potential applications include gene and stem‐cell therapy at a time when the embryo is immunologically naive. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Postpartum surveillance of urinary retention by ultrasonography: the effect of epidural analgesia
Authors: Weissman A. , Grisaru D. , Shenhav M. , Peyser R. M. , Jaffa A. J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOur objective was to investigate by ultrasonography whether the risk for postpartum urinary retention is increased following administration of epidural analgesia during labor and delivery. In a prospective study, 106 healthy women who had undergone vaginal delivery were evaluated. Sixty‐eight of the women had received epidural analgesia during labor and delivery. All subjects had an ultrasound examination at a mean of 42 h after delivery, and residual urine volume was estimated immediately after voiding. Correlations among obstetric parameters, epidural analgesia and residual urine volumes were evaluated. The mean accuracy rate of ultrasonography for estimation of bladder volumes was ± 10.2%. No cases of clinically evident urinary retention were diagnosed in the total puerperal population. There were no significant differences between the groups in the average amounts of residual urine as measured by ultrasonography. With modern obstetric practice, epidural analgesia for labor is not associated with an increased risk for postpartum urinary retention. The non‐invasive nature of ultrasound renders it especially attractive and useful for measuring residual urine volume in postpartum patients. The safety, simplicity and relative comfort of this method over‐ride the slightly imperfect calculations that it currently yields, and makes it preferable to catheterization or cystometry for evaluation of residual urine volume. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Endometrial thickness, morphology, vascular penetration and velocimetry in predicting implantation in an in vitro fertilization program
Authors: Zaidi J. , Campbell S. , Pittrof R. , Tan S. L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA total of 96 women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment were studied on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration by transvaginal ultrasonography with color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound. We assessed endometrial thickness, endometrial morphology, presence or absence of subendometrial or intraendometrial color flow, intraendometrial vascular penetration and subendometrial blood flow velocimetry on the day of hCG administration and related the results to pregnancy rates. The overall pregnancy rate was 32.3% (31/96) and there was no significant difference between the pregnant and non‐pregnant groups with regard to endometrial thickness, subendometrial peak systolic bloodflow velocity (Vmax) or subendometrial pulsatility index (PI). The pregnancy rates based on endometrial morphology were not significantly different, being 17.6% (3/17), 33.3% (2/6) and 35.6% (26/73) for types A (hyperechoic), B (isoechoic) and C (triple‐line) endometria, respectively. In eight (8.3%) patients, subendometrial color flow and intraendometrial vascularization were not detected. This absence of blood flow was associated with failure of implantation (p < 0.05). The pregnancy rates related to the zones of vascular penetration into the subendometrial and endometrial regions were: 26.7% (4/15) for Zone 1 (subendometrial zone), 36.4% (16/44) for Zone 2 (outer hyperechogenic zone) and 37.9% (11/29) for Zone 3 (inner hypoechogenic zone), and were not significantly different. Of cycles with type A endometrium, 23.50% (4/17) had absent subendometrial color, which was greater than the frequency of absent color in the type C endometrium (4.1 (S, p = 0.03). In conclusion, absent subendometrial and intraendometrial vascularization on the day of hCG administration appears to be a useful predictor of failure of implantation in IVF cycles, irrespective of morphological appearance of the endometrium. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sonographic follow‐up of a placenta left in situ after delivery of the fetus in an abdominal pregnancy
Authors: Bajo J. M. , Garcia‐Frutos A. , Huertas M. A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA case of abdominal pregnancy was followed until 34 weeks' gestation, when rupture of the amniotic sac was noted. A live and anatomically normal female weighing 1400 g was delivered by laparotomy and the placenta was left in place.Color Doppler imaging and measurement of serum β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) were successfully used to follow the placental involution after delivery. A progressive increase in the resistance index in the utero‐ovarian and subplacental vessels was observed while β‐hCG disappeared 45 days after laparotomy. The mother and baby left hospital 20 days after delivery and are both doing well. Copyright © 1996 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Three‐dimensional ultrasound: accuracy of distance and volume measurements
Authors: Riccabona M. , Nelson T. R. , Pretorius D. H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of three‐dimensional ultrasound distance and volume measurements using a commercially available three‐dimensional ultrasound scanner. Sixty‐two distance measurements were performed twice on an ultrasound tissue‐mimicking phantom located in a water bath. Three‐dimensional ultrasound distance measurements were compared to the actual distance. Volume measurements were made in a water bath with 21 balloons of various shapes ranging in volume from 20 ml to 490 ml. Three‐dimensional ultrasound volume measurements were compared to actual balloon volumes and to conventional two‐dimensional ultrasound volume calculations.The mean absolute error in three‐dimensional ultra‐sound distance measurements was 1.0 ± 0.8% (range, −2.3 to 4.9%) in the plane of acquisition and 1.0 ± 0.6% (range, −2.0 to −0.2%) for planes with other orientations. Three‐dimensional ultrasound volume measurements showed a mean absolute error of 6.4 ± 4.4% (range, −6.0% to +15.5%), which was considerably better than two‐dimensional ultrasound volume estimates having a mean absolute error of 12.6 ± 8.7% (range, −27.5% to +39.2 %). Volume measurements using two‐dimensional ultrasound methods were much less accurate than three‐dimensional ultrasound methods, for irregularly shaped objects.In conclusion, our data show (that three‐dimensional ultrasound measurements of distance and volume are sufficiently accurate to use clinically. Copyright © 1996 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prenatal findings in chondrodysplasia punctata, tibia—metacarpal type
Authors: Mayden Argo K. , Toriello H. V. , Jelsema R. D. , Zuidema L. J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractChondrodysplasia punctata, a skeletal dysplasia with craniofacial dysmorphism and joint contractures can occur with rhizomelia, mesomelia or both. The rhizomelic form is generally lethal, whereas one form of mesomelic chondrodysplasia punctata has been described that is associated with a presumably normal lifespan and intelligence. We describe a case of a fetus suspected prenatally of having rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata, who was subsequently diagnosed at 1.5 years of age to have the tibia–metacarpal form of chondrodysplasia punctata. The prenatal sonographic findings of second‐trimester micromelic bone shortening and third‐trimester proximal femoral stippling may be present in the rhizomelic form but are not specific to this condition. Copyright © 1996 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fetal hemoglobin changes in the twin oligohydramnios‐polyhydramnios sequence
Authors: Carroll S. G. , McLennan A. , Maxwell D. J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractFetal hemoglobin concentration was measured in each twin from five monochorionic pregnancies complicated by twin‐to‐twin transfusion, diagnosed by growth discordance and coexistent oligohydramnios‐polyhydramnios. In three cases the hemoglobin concentration of the smaller twin with oligohydramnios was lower than the normal mean for gestation, and the hemoglobin difference was more than 5 g/dl in two of these cases. In the other two cases, the hemoglobin concentration of the four fetuses with coexistent oligohydramnios‐polyhydramnios was within the normal range. This suggests that twin‐to‐twin transfusion may occur without hemoglobin changes, or that alternatively coexistent oligohydramnios‐polyhydramnios occurs in the absence of twin‐to‐twin transfusion. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Echogenic material in the fetal gallbladder and fetal disease
Authors: Kiserud T. , Gjelland K. , Bognø H. , Waardal M. , Reigstad H. , Rosendahl K. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe presence of echogenic material within the gallbladder is probably a rare finding in the fetus, and the list of predisposing factors known for postnatal life seems not to be applicable to prenatal diagnosis. In the present study 1656 obstetric scans were performed on referrals to the Unit of Fetal Medicine. No echogenic gallbladder contents were found before 28 weeks. In the subgroup of 523 fetuses who were examined during gestational weeks 28–42, six fetuses were found to have echogenic material in the gallbladder. The echogenicities were found in patients who had the following: extra‐amniotic hematoma with intrauterine growth retardation and oligohydramnios, tetralogy of Fallot, trisomy 21 with atrioventricular septal defect and transient ascites, early abnormally distended fetal gallbladder, chromosomal aberration (translocation 10; 11) with bilateral clubfoot, and gastroschisis. Echogenic densities had disappeared at ultrasound scans performed during early postnatal life in four cases, were absent at five weeks in one case, and still present as calculi 8 months after birth in one case. Although no causative conclusions can be drawn from the report, these conditions are suggested as possible predisposing factors for the presence of echogenic material in the fetal gallbladder. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Two‐dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular systolic function in human fetuses with ductal constriction
Authors: Harada K. , Rice M. J. , Shiota T. , McDonald R. W. , Reller M. D. , Sahn D. J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractVentricular systolic function was assessed in fetuses, 18 with and 18 without constriction of the ductus arteriosus by serial two‐dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic studies. Ductal constriction was defined as maximum systolic velocity of > 140 cm/s and diastolic flow velocity of > 30 cm/s. Ventricular end‐diastolic and end‐systolic areas were measured from a four‐chamber view and area shortening fraction (SF) was calculated: area SF = (area in end‐diastole ‐ area in end‐systole)/area in end‐diastole. In fetuses with ductal constriction, right ventricular end‐diastolic and end‐systolic areas were significantly increased and right ventricular area SF decreased significantly compared with those values in fetuses without ductal constriction (186 ± 48 vs. 150 ± 38 mm2, 112 ± 34 vs. 81 ± 19 mm2 and 0.40 ± 0.05 vs. 0.47 ± 0.03, respectively, p c 0.01) without any significant changes in left ventricular area SF. Serial studies were available in eight ductal constriction fetuses before and during indomethacin administration, and after withdrawal of the drug for a mean of 24 h. Both systolic and diastolic ductal flow velocities in all fetuses returned to normal range after discontinuation of the drug. During ductal constriction during indomethacin therapy, right ventricular end‐diastolic and end‐systolic cavity areas were significantly larger and area SF was significantly less than those values before and after the therapy (179 ± .38 vs. 157 ± 30 and 154 ± 27 mm2, 108 ± 33 vs. 82 ± 15 and 83 ± 15 mm2 and 0.40 ± 0.07 vs. 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.46 ± 0.03, respectively, p < 0.01). This study suggests that ductal constriction influences right ventricular systolic performance. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Betamethasone treatment and fetal lung perfusion evaluated with color Doppler energy imaging
Authors: Dubiel M. , Gudmundsson S. , Pirhonen J. , Breborowicz G. H. , Marsal K. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was semiquantitative evaluation of tissue blood flow in the fetal lung before and after administration of betamethasone. This was carried out by means of computer analysis of ultrasound Doppler signals obtained by the color Doppler energy (CDE) technique. CDE signals were recorded in 20 singleton pregnancies with appropriate growth and imminent preterm delivery between 26 and 33 weeks of gestation. The CDE signal recordings were made before and after intramuscular administration of betamethasone 8 mg/day for 3 days. Fixed preset CDE system control settings for the fetal right lung were used during the examinations. Images from CDE scans were recorded on S‐VHS videotape and transmitted for computer analysis of 8‐bit images at 2.56 gray‐scale levels. The mean flow signal intensity was recorded for the fatal lung before and after betamethasone administration. Additionally, blood velocity waveforms were measured in the intrapulmonary arteries and veins in the peripheral part of the lung.CDE signals from the fetal lung indicated increased energy values after corticosteroid treatment in 16 cases. In three cases there was no change in CDE signal values, and in one case a fall of the signal value was noted. Blood velocity waveforms from the intrapulmonary arteries showed decreased resistance to flow in 1.5 cases, increased resistance to flow in four cases and no change in one case. No significant differences in venous blood flow velocities were found.In conclusion, the results suggest that there is an increase in fetal lung blood perfusion after maternal corticosteroid administration. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology