bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is intelligence of preterm children different from full‐term children? Commentary on Rapuc et al. (2023)
Authors: Demetriou Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Rapuc et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023) found that Full‐Scale IQ of preterm children is significantly lower than full‐term children. Also, although the structure of intelligence appeared to involve the same clusters of cognitive ability, relations between abilities were stronger in preterm children, implying that abilities are more differentiated in full‐term than in preterm children. This commentary examined if these findings hold when different modelling methods are used. Instead of the network analysis used in the target article (Rapuc et al., 2023), I used confirmatory factor analysis and special forms of structural equation modelling designed to capture interactions between processes and their differentiation from general cognitive ability. I found, in line with the target article, that premature children scored lower overall in cognitive ability, and that cognitive processes are more strongly related in preterm than in full‐term children. However, in contrast to the target article, specific abilities tended to differentiate with increasing general ability in preterm rather than in full‐term children. In full‐term children, increases in specific abilities were commensurate with increases in general ability. These differences may reflect slower development in preterm children and stronger dependence on executive processes dominating in preschool. Clinical implications are discussed.
DLL4/Notch blockade disrupts mandibular advancement‐induced condylar osteogenesis by inhibiting H‐type angiogenesis
Authors: Hu Yun , Li Hegang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlocking Delta‐like 4 (DLL4)/Notch has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of tumours by deregulating angiogenesis. However, DLL4/Notch serves as a negative regulator of angiogenesis in multiple organs while acting as a positive regulator of H‐type angiogenesis in postnatal long bones. Therefore, the effect of DLL4/Notch signalling blockade on mandibular condylar osteogenesis attracted our attention.ObjectiveTo explore the effect of blocking DLL4/Notch on mandibular advancement (MA)‐induced condylar osteogenesis.MethodsSix‐week‐old young male C57BL/6J mice (n = 40) were randomly divided into four groups: control group, MA group, MA + Anti‐DLL4 group and MA + IgG group. Of note, IgG served as the isotype control for the anti‐DLL4. The femurs, tibias and mandibular condyles were collected after sacrificing mice on Day 31 for morphology, micro‐computed tomography, immunofluorescence, histology and immunohistochemistry evaluation.ResultsFirst, DLL4/Notch blockade shortened femoral length and reduced bone mass by inhibiting H‐type angiogenesis. Second, DLL4/Notch blockade disrupted MA‐induced condylar head volume and quality by inhibiting H‐type angiogenesis. Mechanistically, blocking DLL4/Notch reduced the number of runt‐related transcription factor 2+ (RUNX2+) early osteoprogenitors and the expression of Noggin protein in the condylar subchondral bone by inhibiting H‐type angiogenesis. In addition, blockade of DLL4/Notch also destroyed the condylar cartilage layer.ConclusionDLL4/Notch blockade results in shortened femurs and osteopenia, as well as impaired MA‐induced condylar osteogenic volume and quality in growing mice by inhibiting H‐type angiogenesis. Therefore, when blocking DLL4/Notch is used as a treatment target for diseases, attention should be paid to its impact on the bone mass of mandibular condyle.
Evening prolonged relatively low melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance light exposure increases arousal before and during sleep without altering sleep structure
Authors: He Meiheng , Chen Hanyu , Li Siyu , Ru Taotao , Chen Qingwei , Zhou Guofu 
Published: December 2023

SummaryLight can influence many psychophysiological functions beyond vision, including alertness, circadian rhythm, and sleep, namely the non‐image forming (NIF) effects of light. Melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (mel‐EDI) is currently recommended as the predictor of the NIF effects of light. Although light dose is also critical for entraining and regulating circadian cycle, it is still unknown whether relatively low mel‐EDI light exposure for prolonged duration in the evening would affect pre‐sleep arousal and subsequent sleep. In all, 18 healthy college students (10 females, mean [standard deviation] age 21.67 [2.03] years) underwent 2 experimental nights with a 1 week interval in a simulated bedroom environment. During experimental nights, participants were either exposed to high or low mel‐EDI light (73 versus 38 lx mel‐EDI, 90 versus 87 photopic lx at eye level, 150 photopic lx at table level) for 3.5 h before regular bedtime, and their sleep was monitored by polysomnography. Subjective sleepiness, mood, and resting‐state electroencephalography during light exposure were also investigated. Results showed no significant differences in sleep structure and sleep quality between the two light conditions, whereas 3.5 h of exposure to high versus low mel‐EDI light induced marginally higher physiological arousal in terms of a lower delta but higher beta power density before sleep, as well as a lower delta power density during sleep. Moreover, participants felt happier before sleep under exposure to high versus low mel‐EDI light. These findings together with the current literature suggest that evening prolonged relatively low mel‐EDI light exposure may mildly increase arousal before and during sleep but affected sleep structure less.
The utility of wearable headband electroencephalography and pulse photoplethysmography to assess cortical and physiological arousal in individuals with stress‐related mental disorders
Authors: Blaskovich Borbala , Bullón‐Tarrasó Esteban , Pöhlchen Dorothee , Manafis Alexandros , Neumayer Hannah , Besedovsky Luciana , Brückl Tanja ,   BeCOME Working Group, Simor Peter , Binder Florian P. , Spoormaker Victor I. 
Published: December 2023

SummarySeveral stress‐related mental disorders are characterised by disturbed sleep, but objective sleep biomarkers are not routinely examined in psychiatric patients. We examined the use of wearable‐based sleep biomarkers in a psychiatric sample with headband electroencephalography (EEG) including pulse photoplethysmography (PPG), with an additional focus on microstructural elements as especially the shift from low to high frequencies appears relevant for several stress‐related mental disorders. We analysed 371 nights of sufficient quality from 83 healthy participants and those with a confirmed stress‐related mental disorder (anxiety‐affective spectrum). The median value of macrostructural, microstructural (spectral slope fitting), and heart rate variables was calculated across nights and analysed at the individual level (N = 83). The headbands were accepted well by patients and the data quality was sufficient for most nights. The macrostructural analyses revealed trends for significance regarding sleep continuity but not sleep depth variables. The spectral analyses yielded no between‐group differences except for a group × age interaction, with the normal age‐related decline in the low versus high frequency power ratio flattening in the patient group. The PPG analyses showed that the mean heart rate was higher in the patient group in pre‐sleep epochs, a difference that reduced during sleep and dissipated at wakefulness. Wearable devices that record EEG and/or PPG could be used over multiple nights to assess sleep fragmentation, spectral balance, and sympathetic drive throughout the sleep–wake cycle in patients with stress‐related mental disorders and healthy controls, although macrostructural and spectral markers did not differ between the two groups.
Annotation for computational argumentation analysis: Issues and perspectives
Authors: Lindahl Anna , Borin Lars 
Published: December 2023

AbstractArgumentation has long been studied in a number of disciplines, including several branches of linguistics. In recent years, computational processing of argumentation has been added to the list, reflecting a general interest from the field of natural language processing (NLP) in building natural language understanding systems for increasingly intricate language phenomena. Computational argumentation analysis – referred to as argumentation mining in the NLP literature – requires large amounts of real‐world text with manually analyzed argumentation. This process is known as annotation in the NLP literature and such annotated datasets are used both as “gold standards” for assessing the quality of NLP applications and as training data for the machine learning algorithms underlying most state of the art approaches to NLP. Argumentation annotation turns out to be complex, both because argumentation can be complex in itself and because it does not come across as a unitary phenomenon in the literature. In this survey we review how argumentation has been studied in other fields, how it has been annotated in NLP and what has been achieved so far. We conclude with describing some important current and future issues to be resolved.
Plant hydraulics at the heart of plant, crops and ecosystem functions in the face of climate change
Authors: Torres‐Ruiz José M. , Cochard Hervé , Delzon Sylvain , Boivin Thomas , Burlett Regis , Cailleret Maxime , Corso Déborah , Delmas Chloé E. L. , De Caceres Miquel , Diaz‐Espejo Antonio , Fernández‐Conradi Pilar , Guillemot Joannes , Lamarque Laurent J. , Limousin Jean‐Marc , Mantova Marylou , Mencuccini Maurizio , Morin Xavier , Pimont François , De Dios Victor Resco , Ruffault Julien , Trueba Santiago , Martin‐StPaul Nicolas K. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryPlant hydraulics is crucial for assessing the plants' capacity to extract and transport water from the soil up to their aerial organs. Along with their capacity to exchange water between plant compartments and regulate evaporation, hydraulic properties determine plant water relations, water status and susceptibility to pathogen attacks. Consequently, any variation in the hydraulic characteristics of plants is likely to significantly impact various mechanisms and processes related to plant growth, survival and production, as well as the risk of biotic attacks and forest fire behaviour. However, the integration of hydraulic traits into disciplines such as plant pathology, entomology, fire ecology or agriculture can be significantly improved. This review examines how plant hydraulics can provide new insights into our understanding of these processes, including modelling processes of vegetation dynamics, illuminating numerous perspectives for assessing the consequences of climate change on forest and agronomic systems, and addressing unanswered questions across multiple areas of knowledge.
A B‐box transcription factor OsBBX17 regulates saline‐alkaline tolerance through the MAPK cascade pathway in rice
Authors: Shen Tao , Xu Fengjuan , Chen Dan , Yan Runjiao , Wang Qingwen , Li Kaiyue , Zhang Gang , Ni Lan , Jiang Mingyi 
Published: December 2023

Summary

Rice OsBBX17 encodes a B‐box zinc finger transcription factor in which the N‐terminal B‐box structural domain interacts with OsMPK1. In addition, it directly binds to the G‐box of OsHAK2 and OsHAK7 promoters and represses their transcription.

Under saline‐alkaline conditions, the expression of OsBBX17 was inhibited. Meanwhile, activation of the OsMPK1‐mediated mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascade pathway caused OsMPK1 to interact with OsBBX17 and phosphorylate OsBBX17 at the Thr‐95 site. It reduced OsBBX17 DNA‐binding activity and enhanced saline‐alkaline tolerance by deregulating transcriptional repression of OsHAK2 and OsHAK7.

Genetic assays showed that the osbbx17‐KO had an excellent saline‐alkaline tolerance, whereas the opposite was in OsBBX17‐OE. In addition, overexpression of OsMPK1 significantly improved saline‐alkaline tolerance, but knockout of OsMPK1 caused an increased sensitivity. Further overexpression of OsBBX17 in the osmpk1‐KO caused extreme saline‐alkaline sensitivity, even a quick death.

OsBBX17 was validated in saline‐alkaline tolerance from two independent aspects, transcriptional level and post‐translational protein modification, unveiling a mechanistic framework by which OsMPK1‐mediated phosphorylation of OsBBX17 regulates the transcription of OsHAK2 and OsHAK7 to enhance the Na+/K+ homeostasis, which partially explains light on the molecular mechanisms of rice responds to saline‐alkaline stress via B‐box transcription factors for the genetic engineering of saline‐alkaline tolerant crops.
Comparative analysis of two arecoline‐induced oral submucous fibrosis models
Authors: Tang Shijie , Jiang Lanxin , Zhou Ying , Zhou Tong , Peng Yang , Zhou Shuting , Yue Yuan , Xia Xiaoqiang , Li Jing , Chen Qianming , Jiang Yuchen , Feng Xiaodong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe limited understanding of the molecular mechanism for oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) poses challenges to the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. The lack of suitable animal models is a major hindrance. Therefore, this study aimed to address this issue by comparing commonly used arecoline‐induced water drinking and injection mouse models.Materials and MethodsThe mice were subjected to two protocols: receiving 2 mg/mL arecoline in drinking water and 4 mg/mL arecoline saline solution injections every other day. Tissues were collected at regular 4‐week intervals, with a final time point of 20 weeks. Stereo microscopy and histomorphological analysis were performed on live and harvested tissues, respectively.ResultsDuring arecoline treatment, collagen deposition and myofibroblast proliferation progressively increased in both models. Changes in the collagen I/III ratio indicated that both models exhibited characteristics of the early and intermediate stages of OSF after 20 weeks of arecoline induction. The water‐drinking model also demonstrated multi‐organ fibrosis involving the tongue, lungs, and small intestine.ConclusionBoth the water drinking and injection mouse models effectively induced OSF, but the water‐drinking model better mirrored the observed pathogenesis in patients with OSF. These models provide valuable tools for investigating the mechanisms underlying OSF.
When do bureaucrats choose to unburden clients: A randomized experiment
Authors: Johnson Donavon , Neshkova Milena 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrior work refers to burdens in citizen‐state interactions as administrative, even though most originate from the desk of politicians, not administrators. Even more, bureaucrats often act to unburden their clients via the discretionary powers they wield. This perspective has largely been overlooked in extant research. The present study asks under what conditions bureaucrats alleviate the burdens levied by elected officials on their clients. We propose that bureaucrats are more likely to use their discretion to unburden the most vulnerable groups. The study models vulnerability in terms of age and race, using two single‐factorial randomized experiments on a sample of 580 U.S. public managers in a COVID‐19 rental assistance setting. We find that client vulnerability drives bureaucrats' intent to unburden, but only in the context of age, not race. Also, the more administrators perceive themselves as public representatives, the higher their intention to unburden aid seekers. By contrast, bureaucrats with higher self‐efficacy tend to unburden less.
Probing and perturbing riboswitch folding using a fluorescent base analogue
Authors: Hoeher Janson E. , Sande Natalie E. , Widom Julia R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRiboswitches are mRNA segments that regulate gene expression in response to ligand binding. The Class I preQ1 riboswitch consists of a stem‐loop and an adenine‐rich single‐stranded tail (“L3”), which adopt a pseudoknot structure upon binding of the ligand preQ1. We inserted 2‐aminopurine (2‐AP), a fluorescent analogue of adenine (A), into the riboswitch at six different positions within L3. Here, 2‐AP functions both as a spectroscopic probe and as a “mutation” that reveals how alteration of specific A residues impacts the riboswitch. Using fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy, we found that 2‐AP decreases the affinity of the riboswitch for preQ1 at all labeling positions tested, although modified and unmodified variants undergo the same global conformational changes at sufficiently high preQ1 concentration. 2‐AP substitution is most detrimental to ligand binding at sites proximal to the ligand‐binding pocket, while distal labeling sites exhibit the largest impacts on the stability of the L3 domain in the absence of ligand. Insertion of multiple 2‐AP residues does not induce significant additional disruptions. Our results show that interactions involving the A residues in L3 play a critical role in ligand recognition by the preQ1 riboswitch and that 2‐AP substitution exerts complex and varied impacts on this riboswitch.
Needs Assessment of Residents and Nurses for Interprofessional Cross‐Cultural Curriculum
Authors: Torres Carlos , James Aisha , Lamour Karen , Dzara Kristina , Frey‐Vogel Ariel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinicians must learn to care for patients from different cultures. They must also work in teams for optimal outcomes. Few studies have analysed the intersection of cross‐cultural care and interprofessional education. We completed a needs assessment to determine what paediatric residents and nurses view as essential cross‐cultural components.MethodsWe led a sequential mixed‐methods study of residents and nurses at an urban tertiary care centre. We administered the ‘Residency Training in Cross Cultural Care’ instrument. Survey results informed focus group interview guide development. Thematic analysis of qualitative data was conducted following the five stages to qualitative research framework.FindingsThirty‐five residents (70%) and 46 nurses (66%) completed the survey. Five residents and six nurses attended a focus group. Five themes resulted: 1) lack of clinician diversity and cross‐cultural training, 2) effective cross‐cultural care not always delivered, 3) multiple challenges for delivery of effective cross‐cultural care, 4) call to action for enhanced cross‐cultural education and 5) different cross‐cultural educational needs between nurses and residents.DiscussionResidents and nurses conveyed that meaningful cross‐cultural care education is imperative, lacking, and must offer skills to improve patient care. They call for a robust cross‐cultural curriculum that is up to date and teaches about intersectionality.ConclusionWe have used this data to implement interprofessional interventions to meet their unique learning needs and enhance upstander skills by using facilitated discussions of techniques, case studies and role plays. Ultimately, teaching all clinicians to care for patients of other cultures may lead to more equitable care.
Functional coupling between Piezo1 and TRPM4 influences the electrical activity of HL‐1 atrial myocytes
Authors: Guo Yang , Cheng Delfine , Yu Ze‐Yan , Schiatti Teresa , Chan Andrea Y. , Hill Adam P. , Peyronnet Rémi , Feneley Michael P. , Cox Charles D. , Martinac Boris 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) channel contributes extensively to cardiac electrical activity, especially cardiomyocyte action potential formation. Mechanical stretch can induce changes in heart rate and rhythm, and the mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 is expressed in many cell types within the myocardium. Our previous study showed that TRPM4 and Piezo1 are closely co‐localized in the t‐tubules of ventricular cardiomyocytes and contribute to the Ca2+‐dependent signalling cascade that underlies hypertrophy in response to mechanical pressure overload. However, there was no direct evidence showing that Piezo1 activation was related to TRPM4 activation in situ. In the present study, we employed the HL‐1 mouse atrial myocyte‐like cell line as an in vitro model to investigate whether Piezo1–TRPM4 coupling can affect action potential properties. We used the small molecule Piezo1 agonist, Yoda1, as a surrogate for mechanical stretch to activate Piezo1 and detected the action potential changes in HL‐1 cells using FluoVolt, a fluorescent voltage sensitive dye. Our results demonstrate that Yoda1‐induced activation of Piezo1 changes the action potential frequency in HL‐1 cells. This change in action potential frequency is reduced by Piezo1 knockdown using small intefering RNA. Importantly knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of TRPM4 significantly affected the degree to which Yoda1‐evoked Piezo1 activation influenced action potential frequency. Thus, the present study provides in vitro evidence of a functional coupling between Piezo1 and TRPM4 in a cardiomyocyte‐like cell line. The coupling of a mechanosensitive Ca2+ permeable channel and a Ca2+‐activated TRP channel probably represents a ubiquitous model for the role of TRP channels in mechanosensory transduction.
imageKey points
The transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) and Piezo1 channels have been confirmed to contribute to the Ca2+‐dependent signalling cascade that underlies cardiac hypertrophy in response to mechanical pressure overload. However, there was no direct evidence showing that Piezo1 activation was related to TRPM4 activation in situ.
We employed the HL‐1 mouse atrial myocyte‐like cell line as an in vitro model to investigate the effect of Piezo1–TRPM4 coupling on cardiac electrical properties.
The results show that both pharmacological and genetic inhibition of TRPM4 significantly affected the degree to which Piezo1 activation influenced action potential frequency in HL‐1 cells.
Our findings provide in vitro evidence of a functional coupling between Piezo1 and TRPM4 in a cardiomyocyte‐like cell line.
The coupling of a mechanosensitive Ca2+ permeable channel and a Ca2+‐activated TRP channel probably represents a ubiquitous model for the role of TRP channels in mechanosensory transduction in various (patho)physiological processes.
A Foundry Cost and Accounting System
Authors: Bird William W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper the author outlines the foundry cost and accounting system which has been developed as a result of experiments carried on in connection with the commercial foundry at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
The system, it is stated, is giving good satisfaction, the results being fairly accurate and the comparative monthly data which it keeps before the foundry officials having been found to be thoroughly reliable as a signal system. All of the work involved can be done by the regular clerical force in a small amount of extra time, and the services of an expert accountant are not required.
A Self-Adjusting Spring Thrust Bearing
Authors: Reist H. G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A careful study of the difficulties experienced with the types of thrust bearings used in supporting the heavy loads of water wheels and the electric generators driven by them, led the author to design the flexible bearing described in the paper.
This bearing consists of a runner of a special grade of cast iron resting on a thin steel ring with a babbitted surface. The babbitted stationary ring, in turn, rests on a large number of short helical springs (ordinarily wound of ½-in. wire, 2 in. in diameter and 1½ in. long) and is held against rotation by dowel pins. A saw cut through one side does away with any tendency to dish with a change in temperature. This construction prevents the possibility of undue pressure at any point and compels each element of the surface to carry its share of the load.
Advantages to be derived from the use of such bearings are set forth and figures are given showing a reduction in friction accompanying increased unit pressure. Two designs are described and illustrated.