bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary D-xylose promotes intestinal health by inducing phage production in Escherichia coli
Authors: Hu Jie , Wu Yifan , Kang Luyuan , Liu Yisi , Ye Hao , Wang Ran , Zhao Jinbiao , Zhang Guolong , Li Xilong , Wang Junjun , Han Dandan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElimination of specific enteropathogenic microorganisms is critical to gut health. However, the complexity of the gut community makes it challenging to target specific bacterial organisms. Accumulating evidence suggests that various foods can change the abundance of intestinal bacteria by modulating prophage induction. By using pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATCC 25922 as a model in this research, we explored the potential of dietary modulation of prophage induction and subsequent bacterial survival. Among a panel of sugars tested in vitro, D-xylose was shown to efficiently induce prophages in E. coli ATCC 25922, which depends, in part, upon the production of D-lactic acid. In an enteric mouse model, prophage induction was found to be further enhanced in response to propionic acid. Dietary D-xylose increased the proportion of Clostridia which converted D-lactic acid to propionic acid. Intestinal propionic acid levels were diminished, following either oral gavage with the dehydrogenase gene (ldhA)-deficient E. coli ATCC 25922 or depletion of intestinal Clostridia by administration of streptomycin. D-Xylose metabolism and exposure to propionic acid triggered E. coli ATCC 25922 SOS response that promoted prophage induction. E. coli ATCC 25922 mutant of RecA, a key component of SOS system, exhibited decreased phage production. These findings suggest the potential of using dietary components that can induce prophages as antimicrobial alternatives for disease control and prevention by targeted elimination of harmful gut bacteria.
Effect of mRNA-LNP components of two globally-marketed COVID-19 vaccines on efficacy and stability
Authors: Zhang Lizhou , More Kunal R. , Ojha Amrita , Jackson Cody B. , Quinlan Brian D. , Li Hao , He Wenhui , Farzan Michael , Pardi Norbert , Choe Hyeryun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna successfully developed nucleoside-modified mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein expressed by those vaccines are identical in amino acid sequence, but several key components are distinct. Here, we compared the effect of ionizable lipids, untranslated regions (UTRs), and nucleotide composition of the two vaccines, focusing on mRNA delivery, antibody generation, and long-term stability. We found that the ionizable lipid, SM-102, in Moderna’s vaccine performs better than ALC-0315 in Pfizer-BioNTech’s vaccine for intramuscular delivery of mRNA and antibody production in mice and long-term stability at 4 °C. Moreover, Pfizer-BioNTech’s 5′ UTR and Moderna’s 3′ UTR outperform their counterparts in their contribution to transgene expression in mice. We further found that varying N1-methylpseudouridine content at the wobble position of mRNA has little effect on vaccine efficacy. These findings may contribute to the further improvement of nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccines and therapeutics.
The superior healing capacity of MRL tendons is minimally influenced by the systemic environment of the MRL mouse
Authors: Frankewycz Borys , Bell Rebecca , Chatterjee Monideepa , Andarawis-Puri Nelly 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMurphy Roths Large mice (MRL) exhibit improved tendon healing and are often described as a “super-healer” strain. The underlying mechanisms that drive the superior healing response of MRL remain a controversial subject. We utilized a tendon transplantation model between MRL and “normal-healer” B6-mice to differentiate between the contribution of MRL’s innate tendon and systemic environment to its improved healing capacity. Patellar tendons with a midsubstance punch injury were transplanted back into the same animal (autograft) or into an animal of the other strain (allograft). Findings at 4 weeks showed that the innate MRL tendon environment drives its improved healing capacity as demonstrated by improved stiffness and maximum load in MRL-grafts-in-B6-host-allografts compared to B6-autografts, and higher modulus in MRL-autografts compared to B6-graft-in-MRL-host-allografts. Groups with an MRL component showed an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the 3 days after injury, suggesting an early enhanced inflammatory profile in MRL that ultimately resolves. A preserved range of motion of the knee joint in all MRL animals suggests a systemic “shielding effect” of MRL in regard to joint adhesiveness. Our findings 4-weeks post injury are consistent with previous studies showing tissue-driven improved healing and suggest that the systemic environment contributes to the overall healing process.
Evaluation of and implications for a novel hepatitis C e-consult direct-to-treatment pilot program
Authors: Mohtashemi Neaka Z. , Teng Crystal Y. , Benhammou Jihane , Dong Tien , Goetz Matthew Bidwell , Patel Arpan , Kawamoto Jenna , Bhattacharya Debika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA Hepatitis C (HCV) e-Consult Direct-To-Treatment (DTT) program managed by midlevel providers was developed at the Veteran Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System (VAGLAHS) which provided remote referral and, in some, remote management of HCV. DTT patients were more likely to be initiated on HCV treatment compared to standard of care (SOC), lending support for similar programs of remote engagement in HCV care.
Comparison of the management of Helicobacter pylori infection between the older and younger European populations
Authors: Jonaitis Paulius , Nyssen Olga P. , Saracino Ilaria Maria , Fiorini Giulia , Vaira Dino , Pérez-Aísa Ángeles , Tepes Bojan , Castro-Fernandez Manuel , Pabón-Carrasco Manuel , Keco-Huerga Alma , Voynovan Irina , Lucendo Alfredo J. , Lanas Ángel , Martínez-Domínguez Samuel J. , Almajano Enrique Alfaro , Rodrigo Luis , Vologzanina Ludmila , Brglez Jurecic Natasa , Denkovski Maja , Bujanda Luis , Mahmudov Umud , Leja Mārcis , Lerang Frode , Babayeva Gülüstan , Bordin Dmitry S. , Gasbarrini Antonio , Kupcinskas Juozas , Gridnyev Oleksiy , Rokkas Theodore , Marcos-Pinto Ricardo , Phull Perminder S. , Smith Sinead M. , Tonkić Ante , Boltin Doron , Buzás György Miklós , Šembera Štěpán , Şimşek Halis , Matysiak-Budnik Tamara , Milivojevic Vladimir , Marlicz Wojciech , Venerito Marino , Boyanova Lyudmila , Doulberis Michael , Capelle Lisette G. , Cano-Català Anna , Moreira Leticia , Mégraud Francis , O’Morain Colm , Gisbert Javier P. , Jonaitis Laimas ,   Hp-EuReg investigators, Būmane Renāte , Mammadov Emin , Abdulkhakov Rustam A. , Fadeenko Galina , Huguet Jose M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of Helicobacter pylori remains high in the older population. Specific age-related peculiarities may impact the outcomes of H. pylori treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostics and effectiveness of H. pylori eradication between the younger and older European populations. “European Registry on H. pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)” data from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed. Patients were divided into older (≥ 60 years) and younger (18–59 years) groups. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) and per-protocol (PP) analysis was performed. 49,461 patients included of which 14,467 (29%) were older-aged. Concomitant medications and penicillin allergy were more frequent among the older patients. Differences between younger and older populations were observed in treatment duration in first-line treatment and in proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) doses in second-line treatment. The overall incidence of adverse events was lower in the older adults group. The overall first-line treatment mITT effectiveness was 88% in younger and 90% in the older patients (p < 0.05). The overall second-line mITT treatment effectiveness was 84% in both groups. The effectiveness of the most frequent first- and second-line triple therapies was suboptimal (< 90%) in both groups. Optimal efficacy (≥ 90%) was achieved by using bismuth and non-bismuth-based quadruple therapies. In conclusion, the approach to the diagnostics and treatment of H. pylori infection did not generally differ between younger and older patients. Main differences were reported in the concurrent medications, allergy to penicillin and adverse events both in first- and second-line treatment. Optimal effectiveness rates were mostly achieved by using bismuth and non-bismuth-based quadruple therapies. No clinically relevant differences in the effectiveness between the age groups were observed.
Targeted imaging of uPAR expression in vivo with cyclic AE105 variants
Authors: Leth Julie Maja , Newcombe Estella Anne , Grønnemose Anne Louise , Jørgensen Jesper Tranekjær , Qvist Katrine , Clausen Anne Skovsbo , Knudsen Line Bruhn Schneider , Kjaer Andreas , Kragelund Birthe Brandt , Jørgensen Thomas Jørgen Dyreborg , Ploug Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA comprehensive literature reports on the correlation between elevated levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and the severity of diseases with chronic inflammation including solid cancers. Molecular imaging is widely used as a non-invasive method to locate disease dissemination via full body scans and to stratify patients for targeted treatment. To date, the only imaging probe targeting uPAR that has reached clinical phase-II testing relies on a high-affinity 9-mer peptide (AE105), and several studies by positron emission tomography (PET) scanning or near-infra red (NIR) fluorescence imaging have validated its utility and specificity in vivo. While our previous studies focused on applying various reporter groups, the current study aims to improve uPAR-targeting properties of AE105. We successfully stabilized the small uPAR-targeting core of AE105 by constraining its conformational landscape by disulfide-mediated cyclization. Importantly, this modification mitigated the penalty on uPAR-affinity typically observed after conjugation to macrocyclic chelators. Cyclization did not impair tumor targeting efficiency of AE105 in vivo as assessed by PET imaging and a trend towards increased tracer uptake was observed. In future studies, we predict that this knowledge will aid development of new fluorescent AE105 derivatives with a view to optical imaging of uPAR to assist precision guided cancer surgery.
Nonlinear modeling of magnetic materials for circuit simulations
Authors: Kutorasiński Kamil , Pawłowski Jarosław , Leszczyński Paweł , Szewczyk Marcin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMagnetic materials in the form of magnetic rings are widely used in power engineering products. In many cases, they operate in high frequency and in nonlinear conditions, e.g., as damping elements in electrical power substations equipped with Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) where they provide suppression of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages (VFTOs). To model phenomena in GIS with magnetic rings it is required to have realistic time-dependent models of magnetic materials operating in a wide frequency range and nonlinear conditions. Nowadays, this has become even more relevant due to the actual trend in the industry to create digital twins of physical devices. Models composed of high-precise discrete lumped nonlinear elements are in demand in circuit simulators like SPICE. This work introduces a method based on classical algorithms that find equivalent lumped models of magnetic cores based on frequency-dependent measurements of impedance under DC-bias current. The model is specifically designed to have smooth behavior in the current domain and thanks to that to improve numerical stability in the time domain simulations.
Miniaturization does not change conserved spider anatomy, a case study on spider Rayforstia (Araneae: Anapidae)
Authors: Propistsova E. A. , Makarova A. A. , Eskov K. Y. , Polilov A. A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMiniaturization is an evolutionary trend observed in many animals. Some arachnid groups, such as spiders and mites, demonstrate a strong tendency toward miniaturization. Some of the most miniaturized spiders belong to the family Anapidae. In this study, using light and confocal microscopy and 3D modelling, we provide the first detailed description of the anatomy of a spider of the genus Rayforstia, which is only 900 µm long. In comparison with larger spiders, Rayforstia has no branching of the midgut in the prosoma and an increased relative brain volume. In contrast to many miniature insects and mites, the spider shows no reduction of whole organ systems, no allometry of the digestive and reproductive systems, and also no reduction of the set of muscles. Thus, miniature spider shows a more conserved anatomy than insects of a similar size. These findings expand our knowledge of miniaturization in terrestrial arthropods.
Magnitude and variability of individual elbow load in repetitive baseball pitching
Authors: van Trigt Bart , van Hogerwou Thomas , Leenen Ton A. J. R. , Hoozemans Marco J. M. , van der Helm Frans C. T , Veeger DirkJan H. E. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn baseball pitchers the elbow is exposed to high and repetitive loads (i.e. external valgus torque), caused by pitching a high number of balls in a practice session or game. This can result in overuse injuries like the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury. To understand injury mechanisms, the effect of repetitive pitching on the elbow load magnitude and variability was investigated. In addition, we explored whether repetitive pitching affects elbow muscle activation during pitching. Fifteen pitchers threw each 60 to 110 balls. The external valgus torque and electromyography of three elbow muscles were quantified during each pitch. Linear mixed model analyses were performed to investigate the effect of repetitive pitching. On a group level, the linear mixed models showed no significant associations of repetitive pitching with valgus torque magnitude and variability and elbow muscle activity. Significant differences exist between pitchers in their individual trajectories in elbow valgus torque and muscle activity with repetitive pitching. This shows the importance of individuality in relation to repetitive pitching. In order to achieve effective elbow injury prevention in baseball pitching, individual characteristics of changes in elbow load and muscle activity in relation to the development of UCL injuries should be investigated.
Behavior of higher-order MDD on energy ratios at the interface of thermoelastic and piezothermoelastic mediums
Authors: Barak M. S. , Ahmad Hijaz , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Rajneesh , Gupta Vipin , Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the intricate energy distribution patterns emerging at an orthotropic piezothermoelastic half-space interface by considering the influence of a higher-order three-phase lags heat conduction law, accompanied by memory-dependent derivatives (referred to as HPS) within the underlying thermoelastic half-space (referred to as TS). This study explores the amplitude and energy ratios of reflected and transmitted waves. These waves span various incident types, including longitudinal, thermal, and transversal, as they propagate through the TS and interact at the interface. Upon encountering the interface, an intriguing dynamic unfolds: three waves experience reflection within the TS medium, while four waves undergo transmission into the HPS medium. A graphical representation effectively illustrates the impact of higher-order time differential parameters and memory to offer comprehensive insights. This visual representation reveals the nuanced fluctuations of energy ratios with the incidence angle. The model astutely captures diverse scenarios, showcasing its ability to interpret complex interface dynamics.
Laser nanostructured gold biosensor for proto-oncogene detection
Authors: Hughes Cian , Sreenilayam Sithara , Brabazon Dermot 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe advancement of biosensor research has been a primary driving force in the continuing progress of modern medical science. While traditional nanofabrication methods have long been the foundation of biosensor research, recent years have seen a shift in the field of nanofabrication towards laser-based techniques. Here we report a gold-based biosensor, with a limit of detection (LoD) 3.18 µM, developed using environmentally friendly Laser Ablation Synthesis in Liquid (LASiS) and Confined Atmospheric Pulsed-laser (CAP) deposition techniques for the first time. The sensors were able detect a DNA fragment corresponding to the longest unpaired sequence of the c-Myc gene, indicating their potential for detecting such fragments in the ctDNA signature of various cancers. The LoD of the developed novel biosensor highlights its reliability and sensitivity as an analytical platform. The reproducibility of the sensor was examined via the production and testing of 200 sensors with the same fabrication methodology. This work offers a scalable, and green approach to fabricating viable biosensors capable of detecting clinically relevant oncogenic targets.
Unveiling oxygen vacancy impact on lizardite thermo and mechanical properties
Authors: Pecinatto H. , Rêgo Celso R. C. , Wenzel W. , Frota C. A. , Perrone B. M. S. , Piotrowski Maurício J. , Guedes-Sobrinho Diego , Dias Alexandre C. , Mota Cicero , Gusmão M. S. S. , Frota H. O. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHere, we performed a systematic DFT study assisted by the workflow framework SimStack for the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the clay mineral lizardite in pristine and six different types of O vacancies configurations. In most cases, the defect caused a structural phase transition in the lizardite from the trigonal (pristine) to the triclinic phase. The results show that oxygen vacancies in lizardite significantly reduce the lattice thermal conductivity, accompanied by an elastic moduli reduction and an anisotropy index increase. Through the P–V relation, an increase in compressibility was evidenced for vacancy configurations. Except for the vacancy with the same crystalline structure as pristine lizardite, the sound velocities of the other vacancy configurations produce a decrease in these velocities, and it is essential to highlight high values for the Grüneisen parameter. We emphasize the great relevance of the punctual-defects introduction, such as O vacancies, in lizardite, since this microstructural design is responsible for the decrease of the lattice thermal conductivity in comparison with the pristine system by decreasing the heat transfer ability, turning lizardite into a promising candidate for thermoelectric materials
Efficacy of three different techniques in the fluoroscopy-guided intra-articular steroid injection of the hip: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Taveesuksiri Rakop , Kulalert Prapasri , Jitapunkul Chane , Apivatgaroon Adinun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFluoroscopy-guided injection via the anterior (A), anterolateral (AL), or proximal anterolateral (PAL) approaches are the common hip injection techniques without comparing the efficacy of the three techniques. The prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted from August 2020 to March 2022. Included patients with intra-articular hip disorders indicated an intra-articular steroid injection. Excluded significant spine pathology with radiculopathy or significant neurological deficits, previous hip surgery of the injection side, suspected tumor or infection origins, steroid or contrast media allergy, and body mass index > 35 kg/m2. The primary outcome was the injection attempt defining one attempt and multiple attempts. 90 patients were recruited and allocated to 30 per group. There were no differences between A, AL, and PAL respectively regarding the success in one attempt rate (80%, 80%, 90%; p = 0.533), VAS during local anesthetic injection (4.33 ± 1.99, 3.70 ± 2.34, 4.27 ± 2.49; p = 0.500), VAS during intra-articular injection (4.27 ± 1.87, 4.70 ± 2.37, 4.13 ± 2.37; p = 0.587), radiation doses (0.558 ± 0.313, 0.526 ± 0.485, 0.492 ± 0.275 mGy; p = 0.788), radiation time (0.043 ± 0.017, 0.039 ± 0.021, 0.041 ± 0.015 seconds; p = 0.723), and complications. The post-injection mHHS was improved in all three approaches without significant differences.
Improvement of the effectiveness of sonodynamic therapy: by optimizing components and combination with other treatments
Authors: Wang Xiangting , Xu Xiaohong , Yang Zhe , Xu Xuanshou , Han Shisong , Zhang Heng 
Published: October 2023

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an emerging treatment method. The approaches for selecting ultrasound parameters and sonosensitizers to increase the SDT effect were summarized and the potential of combining SDT with other treatment methods was discussed to further increase the efficiency of SDT.
Manipulating topological Hall-like signatures by interface engineering in epitaxial ruthenate/manganite heterostructures
Authors: Roy Pinku , Zhang Di , Mazza Alessandro R. , Cucciniello Nicholas , Kunwar Sundar , Zeng Hao , Chen Aiping , Jia Quanxi 
Published: October 2023

Exchange coupling leads to an emergent magnetic phase at the interface of SrRuO3/La0.42Ca0.58MnO3 (SRO/LCMO) bilayers and promotes a diffusive Berry phase transition to give rise to a topological Hall effect-like feature.
A versatile classification tool for galactic activity using optical and infrared colors
Authors: Daoutis C. , Kyritsis E. , Kouroumpatzakis K. , Zezas A. 
Published: October 2023

Context.The overwhelming majority of diagnostic tools for galactic activity are focused mainly on the classes of active galaxies. Passive or dormant galaxies are often excluded from these diagnostics, which usually employ emission-line features (e.g., forbidden emission lines). Thus, most of them focus on specific types of activity or only on one activity class, for example active galactic nucleus (AGN) galaxiesAims.In this work we used infrared and optical colors to build an all-inclusive galactic activity diagnostic tool that can discriminate between star-forming, AGN, low-ionization nuclear emission-line region, composite, and passive galaxies, and which can be used in local and low-redshift galaxies.Methods.We used the random forest algorithm to define a new activity diagnostic tool. As the ground truth for the training of the algorithm, we considered galaxies that have been classified based on their optical spectral lines. We explored classification criteria based on infrared colors from the first three WISE bands (bands 1, 2, and 3) supplemented with optical colors from theu, g, andrSDSS bands. From them, we sought the combination with the minimum number of colors that provides optimal results. Furthermore, to mitigate biases related to aperture effects, we introduced a new WISE photometric scheme that combines apertures of different sizes.Results.Using machine learning methods, we developed a diagnostic tool that accommodates both active and passive galaxies under one unified classification scheme using just three colors. We find that the combination ofW1-W2, W2-W3, and g-r colors offers a good performance, while the broad availability of these colors for a large number of galaxies ensures it can be applied to large galaxy samples. The overall accuracy is ~81%, and the achieved completeness for each class is ~81% for star-forming, ~56% for AGN, ~68% for LINER, ~65% for composite, and ~85% for passive galaxies.Conclusions.Our diagnostic represents a significant improvement over existing infrared diagnostics because it includes all types of active galaxies, as well as passive galaxies, extending their application to the local Universe. The inclusion of the optical colors improves its ability to identify low-luminosity AGN galaxies, which are generally confused with star-forming galaxies, and helps us identify cases of starbursts with extreme mid-infrared colors that mimic obscured AGN galaxies, a well-known problem for most infrared diagnostics.