bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and surface groups of Stöber silica
Authors: Li Shanshan , Yang Shuguang , Xu Shu , Wan Quan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Heat treatment is routinely utilized in preparing nanoporous materials (including Stöber silica), and can substantially affect their performance in diverse application fields. However, the effects of heat treatment at different temperatures on the structure and surface properties of Stöber silica have not been systematically investigated before. In this work, Stöber silica (washed with water or ethanol) was calcined at different temperatures (from 250 °C to 1000 °C), and the heat-treated samples were characterized through nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, scanning electron microscopy, simultaneous thermal analysis, elemental analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that there is no significant difference in the morphology and particle size of the calcined samples. The internal micropores almost collapse after calcination at 500 °C, and the pores with a smaller diameter are the first to shrink during calcination. The variation in the number of the surface hydroxyl groups and ethoxyl groups with the calcination temperature is discussed in detail. The carbon content analysis and differential scanning calorimetry curves reveal that the surface ethoxyl groups (for the samples washed with ethanol) are completely removed after calcination at 500 °C. After calcination at temperatures above 800 °C, the hydroxyl groups almost completely condense into siloxanes. The specific surface area calculated according to the thermogravimetric mass loss and surface hydroxyl density is found to be significantly different from the measured Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area. Our results may offer practical guidance for the application of Stöber silica subjected to similar heat-treatment processes.
Efficient network exploration by means of resetting self-avoiding random walkers
Authors: Colombani Gaia , Bertagnolli Giulia , Artime Oriol 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The self-avoiding random walk (SARW) is a stochastic process whose state variable avoids returning to previously visited states. This non-Markovian feature has turned SARWs a powerful tool for modeling a plethora of relevant aspects in network science, such as network navigability, robustness and resilience. We analytically characterize self-avoiding random walkers that evolve on complex networks and whose memory suffers stochastic resetting, that is, at each step, with a certain probability, they forget their previous trajectory and start free diffusion anew. Several out-of-equilibrium properties are addressed, such as the time-dependent position of the walker, the time-dependent degree distribution of the non-visited network and the first-passage time distribution, and its moments, to target nodes. We examine these metrics for different resetting parameters and network topologies, both synthetic and empirical, and find a good agreement with simulations in all cases. We also explore the role of resetting on network exploration and report a non-monotonic behavior of the cover time: frequent memory resets induce a global minimum in the cover time, significantly outperforming the well-known case of the pure random walk, while reset events that are too spaced apart become detrimental for the network discovery. Our results provide new insights into the profound interplay between topology and dynamics in complex networks, and shed light on the fundamental properties of SARWs in nontrivial environments.
Normative Data for the Judgment of Line Orientation Test (Long and Short Forms) in the Quebec-French Population Aged between 50 and 89 Years
Authors: Hudon Carol , Belleville Sylvie , Belzile Florence , Landry Mariane , Mulet-Perreault Hannah , Trudel Corinne , Macoir Joël 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) Test of Benton assesses visuospatial processing without requiring motor skills. The test is frequently used in geriatric or brain-injured populations. As with other cognitive tests, performance on the JLO test may vary according to age, level of education, sex, and cultural background of individuals. The present study aimed to establish normative data for a short (15 items) and a long (30 items) form of the JLO. The sample for the short and long forms comprised 198 and 260 individuals, respectively, aged 50–89 years. All participants were French-speaking people from the province of Quebec, Canada. Using regression-based norming, the effects of age, years of formal education, and sex on JLO performance were estimated. The normative adjustment of the JLO short and long forms considered the weight of each predictor on test performance. Results indicated that JLO performance was positively associated with years of formal education and male sex, whereas it was negatively associated with age. Accordingly, normative data were generated using Z-scores and adjusted scaled scores derived from the regression equations. To conclude, the present norms will ease the detection of visuospatial impairment in French-Quebec middle-aged and older adults.
MMiKG: a knowledge graph-based platform for path mining of microbiota–mental diseases interactions
Authors: Sun Haoran , Song Zhaoqi , Chen Qiuming , Wang Meiling , Tang Furong , Dou Lijun , Zou Quan , Yang Fenglong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The microbiota–gut–brain axis denotes a two-way system of interactions between the gut and the brain, comprising three key components: (1) gut microbiota, (2) intermediates and (3) mental ailments. These constituents communicate with one another to induce changes in the host’s mood, cognition and demeanor. Knowledge concerning the regulation of the host central nervous system by gut microbiota is fragmented and mostly confined to disorganized or semi-structured unrestricted texts. Such a format hinders the exploration and comprehension of unknown territories or the further advancement of artificial intelligence systems. Hence, we collated crucial information by scrutinizing an extensive body of literature, amalgamated the extant knowledge of the microbiota–gut–brain axis and depicted it in the form of a knowledge graph named MMiKG, which can be visualized on the GraphXR platform and the Neo4j database, correspondingly. By merging various associated resources and deducing prospective connections between gut microbiota and the central nervous system through MMiKG, users can acquire a more comprehensive perception of the pathogenesis of mental disorders and generate novel insights for advancing therapeutic measures. As a free and open-source platform, MMiKG can be accessed at http://yangbiolab.cn:8501/ with no login requirement.
ScSmOP: a universal computational pipeline for single-cell single-molecule multiomics data analysis
Authors: Jing Kai , Xu Yewen , Yang Yang , Yin Pengfei , Ning Duo , Huang Guangyu , Deng Yuqing , Chen Gengzhan , Li Guoliang , Tian Simon Zhongyuan , Zheng Meizhen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Single-cell multiomics techniques have been widely applied to detect the key signature of cells. These methods have achieved a single-molecule resolution and can even reveal spatial localization. These emerging methods provide insights elucidating the features of genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic heterogeneity in individual cells. However, they have given rise to new computational challenges in data processing. Here, we describe Single-cell Single-molecule multiple Omics Pipeline (ScSmOP), a universal pipeline for barcode-indexed single-cell single-molecule multiomics data analysis. Essentially, the C language is utilized in ScSmOP to set up spaced-seed hash table-based algorithms for barcode identification according to ligation-based barcoding data and synthesis-based barcoding data, followed by data mapping and deconvolution. We demonstrate high reproducibility of data processing between ScSmOP and published pipelines in comprehensive analyses of single-cell omics data (scRNA-seq, scATAC-seq, scARC-seq), single-molecule chromatin interaction data (ChIA-Drop, SPRITE, RD-SPRITE), single-cell single-molecule chromatin interaction data (scSPRITE) and spatial transcriptomic data from various cell types and species. Additionally, ScSmOP shows more rapid performance and is a versatile, efficient, easy-to-use and robust pipeline for single-cell single-molecule multiomics data analysis.
Disentangling interspecific and intraspecific variability in height–diameter allometry of dominant tree species in the Rocky Mountains across broad spatial scales
Authors: Liu Shuai , Liu Yu , Li Gaofei , Mou Cun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Height–diameter (H-D) allometric relationships provide us with insights into tree growth strategies and resource utilization. Yet, we have a poor understanding about the underlying drivers that limit or alter tree H-D allometries at large scales. Based on 569 502 pairs of height versus diameter from 53 808 plots of 20 species in the Rocky Mountains, USA, we used a mixed-effects approach to model the variability in H-D allometry across species (interspecific variation) and within-species (intraspecific variation) along gradients of site condition, climate, and competition. The allometric theories derived from physics or biological laws provide a fundamental framework for tree growth and performance, but our findings also show that physiological and environmental factors further shape the interspecific and intraspecific patterns in tree allometry with the intraspecific variation being smaller than the interspecific variation along all the gradients we considered. In general, trees growing in favorable site conditions and highly competitive environments tend to comparatively invest more in height growth, while trees may preferentially invest in diameter growth when constrained by water stress or other unfavorable climatic condition. Trees will choose the most appropriate growth strategies with corresponding allometric patterns to adapt to environmental changes. Our study is expected to provide applied value for estimating biomass and carbon stocks at broad environmental scales.
Associations Between Sleep Traits and Social Isolation: Observational and Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wang Jiao , Wang Ying , Jiang Chao Qiang , Zhu Tong , Zhu Feng , Jin Ya Li , Zhang Wei Sen , Xu Lin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Social isolation has been found associated with multiple sleep traits in conventional observational studies. However, whether this association is causal and if so, its direction is uncertain. We analyzed the association between social isolation and multiple sleep traits in 30 430 participants from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. In bidirectional Mendelian randomization, we used 6, 17, and 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with attendance at sports club/gym, religious group, and pub/social club from the UK Biobank (n = 452 302), respectively, and 152 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with insomnia from the combination of UK Biobank and 23andme (n = 1 331 010). Observationally in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study, insomnia (yes/no) (beta = 0.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10–0.16) and poor sleep quality (yes/no) (beta = 0.12, CI: 0.08–0.15), but not sleep duration and chronotype, were associated with a higher social isolation score (severe social isolation). In bidirectional MR, genetically predicted insomnia decreases the odds of attendance at sports club/gym (beta = 0.98, CI: 0.98–0.99) and religious groups (beta = 0.99, CI: 0.98–0.99), but not pub/social club. However, these 3 types of social activity were not associated with insomnia. Our results support the causal effects of insomnia on social activity. Further clinical investigations into the utility of insomnia treatment in alleviating social isolation are needed.
The Efficacy of Whole-Body Vibration in Managing Postburn Victims’ Complications: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mortada Hossam , Ali Zahreldin Ahmed , Shafiek Saleh Marwa , Shahien Mostafa , Elfeky Amr , Ibrahim Abdelhamed Ahmed , Elaraby Abdelrahman , Elzalabany Ahmed , Samir Hammad Yara , Elshennawy Shorouk 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Burn injury is a complicated traumatic event with both systemic and local consequences. These complications include long periods of bed rest, pain, muscle weakness, vitamin D deficiency, and bone mineral density loss. Whole-body vibration demonstrated effectiveness in improving muscle power and bone mineral density in various musculoskeletal populations. This systematic review of randomized controlled trials aims to assess evidence for the effectiveness of using whole-body vibration on postburn survivors with at least 1% total body surface area on sensory and motor outcomes. A systematic search was conducted across six databases, which are, PubMed, Cochrane, PEDro, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, from inception till March 2022. Retrieved studies were screened by title and abstract and full-text in two stages using Rayyan web-based. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool ROB 2.0. Six randomized controlled trials with 203 participants were included. Five of the included studies demonstrated an overall high risk of bias. Compared to conventional physiotherapy programs, whole-body vibration demonstrated improvement in functional mobility and balance using timed up and go and Biodex balance assessment, respectively. However, there were no differences between whole-body vibration and conventional physiotherapy program alone in bone mineral density and muscle power. Although the current evidence of whole-body vibration is limited, whole-body vibration combined with traditional physical therapy programs may improve functional mobility and balance in postburn survivors compared to physical therapy programs alone.
Pessimism, Disagreement, and Economic Fluctuations
Authors: Pei Guangyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The pessimistic bias and the cross-sectional dispersion of households’ subjective beliefs heighten during recessions. We provide empirical evidence for a dominant non-inflationary aggregate demand shock that accounts for the bulk of business-cycle fluctuations not only in real quantities but also in (1) pessimism—to what degree households are more pessimistic than the rational expectation benchmark and (2) disagreement—the cross-sectional dispersion of households’ beliefs. To rationalize the empirical findings, this paper develops a theory of ambiguity-driven business cycles, where the Bayesian formulation of the ambiguity shock can generate positive co-movements across real quantities together with counter-cyclical pessimism and disagreement within the real business-cycle framework. Our theory reproduces the salient features of the business cycles extended with survey data on households’ expectations. Quantitatively, the ambiguity shock alone accounts for a significant fraction of the business-cycle fluctuations in pessimism, disagreement, and real quantities.
Variations of the HCO+, HCN, HNC, N2H+, and NH3 deuterium fractionation in high-mass star-forming regions
Authors: Pazukhin A G , Zinchenko I I , Trofimova E A , Henkel C , Semenov D A 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We use spectra and maps of the J = 1 − 0 and J = 2 − 1 DCO+, DCN, DNC, $\rm N_2D^+$ lines, and 111−101 ortho- and para-NH2D lines, obtained with the  Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)-30 m telescope, as well as observations of their hydrogenated isotopologues to study deuteration processes in five high-mass star-forming regions. The temperature was estimated from CH 3CCH lines, also observed with the IRAM-30 m telescope, and from NH 3 lines, observed with the 100 m radio telescope in Effelsberg, as well as using the integrated intensity ratios of the J = 1 − 0 H13CN and HN13C lines and their main isotopologues. Applying a non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer model with radex, the gas density and the molecular column densities were estimated. D/H ratios are 0.001–0.05 for DCO+, 0.001–0.02 for DCN, 0.001–0.05 for DNC, and 0.02–0.4 for NH2D. The D/H ratios decrease with increasing temperature in the range of 20–40 K and slightly vary at densities $n(\rm H_2) \sim 10^4\!-\!10^6$ cm−3. The deuterium fraction of $\rm N_2H^{+}$ is 0.008–0.1 at temperatures in the range of 20–25 K and at a density of ∼105 cm−3. We also estimate relative abundances and find ∼10−11–10−9 for DCO+ and DNC, ∼10−11–10−10 for $\rm N_2D^+$, and ∼10−10–10−8 for NH2D. The relative abundances of these species decrease with increasing temperature. However, the DCN/H2 ratio is almost constant (∼10−10). The observational results agree with the predictions of chemical models (although in some cases there are significant differences).
Beyond Gentrification: Housing Loss, Poverty, and the Geography of Displacement
Authors: Hepburn Peter , Louis Renee , Desmond Matthew 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We assess the relationship between gentrification and a key form of displacement: eviction. Drawing on over six million court cases filed in 72 of the largest metropolitan areas across the United States between 2000 and 2016, we show that most evictions occurred in low-income neighborhoods that did not gentrify. Over time, eviction rates decreased more in gentrifying neighborhoods than in comparable low-income neighborhoods. Results were robust to multiple specifications and alternative measures of gentrification. The findings of this study imply that focusing on gentrifying neighborhoods as the primary site of displacement risks overlooking most instances of forced removal. Disadvantaged communities experienced displacement pressures when they underwent gentrification and when they did not. Eviction is not a passing trend in low-income neighborhoods—one that comes and goes as gentrification accelerates and decelerates—but a durable component of neighborhood disadvantage.
Facilitation of Symplastic Effector Protein Mobility by Paired Effectors Is Conserved in Different Classes of Fungal Pathogens
Authors: Talbi Nacera , Blekemolen Mila C. , Janevska Slavica , Zendler Daniel , van Tilbeurgh Herman , Fudal Isabelle , Takken Frank L. W. 
Published: October 2023

It has been discovered that plant pathogens produce effectors that spread via plasmodesmata (PD) to allow modulation of host processes in distal uninfected cells. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici ( Fol) facilitates effector translocation by expansion of the size-exclusion limit of PD using the Six5/Avr2 effector pair. How other fungal pathogens manipulate PD is unknown. We recently reported that many fungal pathogens belonging to different families carry effector pairs that resemble the SIX5/ AVR2 gene pair from Fol. Here, we performed structural predictions of three of these effector pairs from Leptosphaeria maculans ( Lm) and tested their ability to manipulate PD and to complement the virulence defect of a Fol SIX5 knockout mutant. We show that the AvrLm10A homologs are structurally related to FolSix5 and localize at PD when they are expressed with their paired effectors. Furthermore, these effectors were found to complement FolSix5 function in cell-to-cell mobility assays and in fungal virulence. We conclude that distantly related fungal species rely on structurally related paired effector proteins to manipulate PD and facilitate effector mobility. The wide distribution of these effector pairs implies Six5-mediated effector translocation to be a conserved propensity among fungal plant pathogens. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Whole-Genome Resource of Seven Botrytis cinerea Sensu Lato Isolates with Resistance or Sensitivity to Seven Site-Specific Fungicides
Authors: Lukasko Nicole T. , Hausbeck Mary K. 
Published: October 2023

Botrytis cinerea is among the most important fungal pathogens in ornamental greenhouses due to its ability to cause severe Botrytis blight on various crops throughout the year. Fungicides are a key component in disease management programs, but frequencies of resistance in pathogen populations are notoriously high, leading to its role as a model system for fungicide resistance research. Here, we present seven high-quality genomes of North American B. cinerea sensu lato isolates collected from ornamental greenhouses with resistance (five) or sensitivity (two) to seven chemical classes representative of all commonly used site-specific fungicides. This resource can contribute to the exploration of multifungicide resistance mechanisms, host specificity, and geographic relatedness in populations of B. cinerea. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Aberrant glucose metabolism underlies impaired macrophage differentiation in glycogen storage disease type Ib
Authors: Jang Yuyeon , Park Tae Sub , Park Byung‐Chul , Lee Young Mok , Heo Tae‐Hwe , Jun Hyun Sik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD‐Ib) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency in the glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P) transporter (G6PT) that is responsible for transporting G6P into the endoplasmic reticulum. GSD‐Ib is characterized by disturbances in glucose homeostasis, neutropenia, and neutrophil dysfunction. Although some studies have explored neutrophils abnormalities in GSD‐Ib, investigations regarding monocytes/macrophages remain limited so far. In this study, we examined the impact of G6PT deficiency on monocyte‐to‐macrophage differentiation using bone marrow‐derived monocytes from G6pt−/− mice as well as G6PT‐deficient human THP‐1 monocytes. Our findings revealed that G6PT‐deficient monocytes exhibited immature differentiation into macrophages. Notably, the impaired differentiation observed in G6PT‐deficient monocytes seemed to be associated with abnormal glucose metabolism, characterized by enhanced glucose consumption through glycolysis, even under quiescent conditions with oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, we observed a reduced secretion of inflammatory cytokines in G6PT‐deficient THP‐1 monocytes during the inflammatory response, despite their elevated glucose consumption. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the significance of G6PT in monocyte‐to‐macrophage differentiation and underscores its importance in maintaining glucose homeostasis and supporting immune response in GSD‐Ib. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of GSD‐Ib and potentially pave the way for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions.