bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and tolerability of zuranolone in patients with depression: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Qiu Youjia , Tao Yuchen , Duan Aojie , Wei Xingzhou , Wang Menghan , Xie Minjia , Chen Zhouqing , Shang Jing , Wang Zhong 
Published: January 2024

Background: As a novel antidepressant drug, zuranolone has been initially applied in treating depression. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of its administration in patients with depression.Methods: The Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane library databases were searched for available studies up to 1 Nov 2023. The primary outcome was the change on day 15 depression severity scores compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes included remission and response rates on day 15. Safety outcomes included incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and individual AEs. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was used to evaluate the ideal samplesize.Results: Six studies with 1884 patients were included. Zuranolone offered significantly greater changes in day 15 depression severity scores (mean difference = 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36 to 3.49, p &lt; 0.00001) compared to placebo; this was also observed at other time points. Differences in response (relative risk [RR] = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.54, p &lt; 0.0001) and remission (RR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.85, p = 0.002) rates were also statistically significant. For safety outcomes, zuranolone group showed more incidence of TEAE than the placebo group (RR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.25, p = 0.0005, I2 = 0%). As for individual AEs, significant differences were observed in dizziness (RR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.22 to 3.86, p = 0.008) and somnolence (RR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.35 to 4.37, p = 0.003. No significant difference was observed in other AEs. The result of TSA indicated that the cumulative curve crossed the conventional (Z = 1.96) boundary but not reach TSA boundary (RIS = 1910).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that zuranolone has a rapid short-term antidepressant effect during administration. Although more TEAEs were observed in zuranolone, most of them were slight and temporary. However, studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are needed.Systematic Review Registration:https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-5-0104/, identifier INPLASY202350104.
Valsartan attenuates LPS-induced ALI by modulating NF-κB and MAPK pathways
Authors: Zhou Mi , Meng Ling , He Qinke , Ren Chunguang , Li Changyi 
Published: January 2024

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common respiratory disease characterized by persistent hypoxemia and an uncontrolled inflammatory response. Valsartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, is clinically used to treat hypertension and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on gefitinib-induced pneumonia in rats. However, the potential therapeutic effects of valsartan on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI remain unclear. This study investigated the protective role of valsartan in LPS-induced ALI and its underlying mechanisms.Methods: LPS-treated BEAS-2B cells and ALI mouse model were established. BEAS-2B cells were treated with LPS (10 μg/mL) for 24h, with or without valsartan (20, 40, and 80 µM). For ALI mouse models, LPS (5 mg/kg) was administered through intratracheal injection to treat the mice for 24h, and valsartan (10 or 30 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally twice 2 h before and 12 h after the LPS injection. Pulmonary functional parameters were examined by an EMKA pulmonary system. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, flow cytometry, CCK-8 assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and related commercial kits were used to assess the pathological damage to the lungs, neutrophil recruitment in the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), cell viability, inflammation, oxidative activity, and mucus production, respectively. Potential mechanisms were further explored using network pharmacology and Western blotting.Results: Valsartan rescued LPS-reduced cell viability of BEAS-2B cells, improved the pulmonary function, ameliorated pathological lung injury in mice with ALI, ameliorated LPS-induced neutrophil recruitment in BALF and lung tissue of mice, attenuated oxidative stress by increasing the level of SOD and decreasing that of MDA and GSSG, inhibited LPS-induced MUC5AC overproduction, decreased the LPS-induced increase in expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, CXCL-1 and CXCL-2, and restored the expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Mechanistic studies showed that valsartan inhibits LPS-induced phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κΒ) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including P38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in both LPS-treated cells and the mouse model of ALI.Conclusion: Valsartan protects against LPS-induced ALI by attenuating oxidative stress, reducing MUC5AC production, and attenuating the inflammatory response that may involve MAPK and NF-κΒ pathways.
A retrospective cohort analysis of people living with HIV/AIDS enrolled in HIV care at a reference center in Antananarivo, Madagascar
Authors: Raberahona Mihaja , Rakotomalala Rado , Andriananja Volatiana , Andriamamonjisoa Johary , Rakotomijoro Etienne , Andrianasolo Radonirina Lazasoa , Rakotoarivelo Rivonirina Andry , Randria Mamy Jean de Dieu 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe impact of the “Treat all” policy on the individual and in terms of public health is closely related to early diagnosis and retention in care. Patient-level data are scarce in Madagascar. In this study, we aimed to describe the profile of a cohort of newly diagnosed people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), identify their outcomes, and assess factors associated with attrition from care and advanced HIV disease (AHD) at presentation.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of PLHIV aged ≥15 years newly diagnosed at the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2016.ResultsA total of 490 PLHIV were included in the cohort analysis. In total, 67.1% were male. The median age (interquartile range) at enrollment in care was 29 years (24-38). Overall, 36.1% of PLHIV were diagnosed with AHD at baseline. The proportion of patients with WHO stage IV at baseline increased significantly from 3.3% in 2010 to 31% in 2016 (p = 0.001 for trend). The probability of retention in care after the diagnosis at 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months was 71.8%, 65.5%, and 61.3%, respectively. Age ≥ 40 years (aHR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.05–2.29; p = 0.026), low level of education (aHR:1.62; 95% CI: 1.11–2.36; p = 0,013), unspecified level of education (aHR:2.18; 95% CI: 1.37–3.47; p = 0.001) and unemployment (aHR:1.52; 95% CI: 1.07–2.16; p = 0.019) were independently associated with attrition from care. Factors associated with AHD at baseline were age ≥ 40 (aOR: 2.77; 95% CI: 1.38–5.57, p = 0.004), unspecified level of education (aOR: 3.80; 95% CI: 1.58–9.16, p = 0.003) and presence of clinical symptoms at baseline (aOR: 23.81; 95% CI: 10.7–52.98; p &lt; 0.001). Sex workers were independently less likely to have an AHD at presentation (aOR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.05–0.96, p = 0.044).ConclusionSociodemographic determinants influenced retention in care more than clinical factors. The presence of clinical symptoms and sociodemographic determinants were the main factors associated with AHD at baseline.
Improvement of the occupational risk management process in the work safety system of the enterprise
Authors: Bazaluk Oleg , Tsopa Vitalii , Okrasa Małgorzata , Pavlychenko Artem , Cheberiachko Serhii , Yavorska Olena , Deryugin Oleg , Lozynskyi Vasyl 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe research purpose is to improve the management of occupational risks associated with hazards as well as the organization’s capabilities to identify hazardous factors (HFs) using the “BOW-TIE” method in accordance with the provisions of the ISO 45001:2019 standard.MethodsTo improve occupational risk management, the “BOW-TIE” method has been introduced into occupational health and safety management systems. This approach facilitates a comprehensive description and analysis of potential risk development from identifying hazardous factors to studying the consequences. It visually integrates fault and event trees to provide a holistic view of risk dynamics.ResultsThe improvement of the occupational hazard risk management process considers both internal and external factors affecting the organization, thereby increasing the probability and severity of potential hazardous events. The revised approach categorizes risk levels as acceptable, unacceptable, or verifiable. In addition, occupational risk management requires an in-depth analysis of the organization’s external and internal environment to identify hazards that affect the probability and severity of potential hazardous events.ConclusionThis research proposes an innovative approach to occupational risk management by determining the magnitude of occupational risk as the cumulative result of assessing risks associated with all external and internal factors influencing the probability of hazardous event occurring. The introduction of the “BOW-TIE” method, combined with a comprehensive analysis of the organizational environments, facilitates a more effective and nuanced approach to occupational risk management.
Perceived neighborhood disorder and type 2 diabetes disparities in Hispanic, Black, and White Americans
Authors: Yu Min Ying , Velasquez Alfredo J. , Campos Belinda , Robinette Jennifer W. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionApproximately 32 million Americans have type 2 diabetes, and that number continues to grow. Higher prevalence rates are observed among certain subgroups, including members of marginalized racial/ethnic groups as well as residents of disordered neighborhoods (i.e., those with more trash and vandalism). Institutionalized discriminatory practices have resulted in disproportionate representation of marginalized racial/ethnic groups in disordered neighborhoods compared to non-Hispanic Whites. These neighborhood disparities may partially contribute to health disparities, given that signs of neighborhood disorder often relate to a general withdrawal from the neighborhood, minimizing opportunities for both physical and social engagement. Yet, research suggests variability across racial/ethnic groups both in reporting rates of neighborhood disorder and in the extent to which neighborhood disorder is interpreted as posing a threat to health and well-being.MethodsUsing 2016–2018 Health and Retirement Study data (n = 10,419, mean age = 67 years), a representative sample of older US adults, this study examined the possibility of racial/ethnic differences in associations between perceived neighborhood disorder and type 2 diabetes risk. Participants reported their perceptions of neighborhood disorder and type 2 diabetes status. Weighted logistic regression models predicted type 2 diabetes risk by perceived neighborhood disorder, race/ethnicity, and their interaction.ResultsNon-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics had higher type 2 diabetes risk; these two groups also reported more disorder in their neighborhoods compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Perceiving more neighborhood disorder was associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk, but the interaction between race/ethnicity and disorder was not significant.DiscussionFindings from the current study suggest that the negative effects of perceiving neighborhood disorder, a neighborhood-level stressor, extend to increased type 2 diabetes risk.
Mediator Subunit RhMED15a Regulates Drought Tolerance in Rose
Authors: Shang Xiaoman , Xie Nanxin , Li Yalin , Zhao Zixin , Luo Ping , Cui Yongyi , Rao Xianlong , Chen Wen 
Published: January 2024

Mediator is a multiprotein complex integral to the transcription machinery, mediated by RNA polymerase II. Some Mediator subunits have been found to have critical functions in plants’ responses to abiotic stresses. However, the role of plant Mediator subunits in drought responses remains largely enigmatic. Here, we identified a Mediator subunit, RhMED15a, in roses (Rosa hybrida). Its expression was greatly and swiftly induced by dehydration treatment in the root. The promoter sequence of RhMED15a contains cis-acting elements that respond to abscisic acid (ABA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). In addition, the expression of RhMED15a was significantly up-regulated with ABA treatment and inversely down-regulated with MeJA treatment. Silencing RhMED15a using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in roses significantly reduced drought tolerance in rose plants. This resulted in a significant increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and a decreased survival rate in comparison to TRV controls. Moreover, we found that the expression of five drought-related genes, including dehydration responsive element binding factor 1B (DREB1B), responsive to desiccation stress 29A (RD29A), responsive to desiccation stress 29B (RD29B), early response to dehydration 14 (ERD14), and 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 1 (NCED1), was considerably suppressed in RhMED15a-silenced plants during drought stress. Taken together, our results present that the Mediator tail module subunit RhMED15a serves as an enhancer of drought tolerance in rose, probably through the modulation of the expression of some drought-related genes.
Irreversible Thermodynamics of Seawater Evaporation
Authors: Feistel Rainer , Hellmuth Olaf 
Published: January 2024

Under typical marine conditions of about 80% relative humidity, evaporation of water from the ocean is an irreversible process accompanied by entropy production. In this article, equations are derived for the latent heat of irreversible evaporation and the related nonequilibrium entropy balance at the sea surface. To achieve this, linear irreversible thermodynamics is considered in a conceptual ocean evaporation model. The equilibrium thermodynamic standard TEOS-10, the International Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater—2010, is applied to irreversible evaporation under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium. The relevance of local equilibrium conditions for irreversible thermodynamics is briefly explained. New equations are derived for the mass flux of evaporation and for the associated nonequilibrium enthalpies and entropies. The estimated entropy production rate of ocean evaporation amounts to 0.004 W m−2 K−1 as compared with the average terrestrial global entropy production of about 1 W m−2 K−1.
Parasitism of Hirsutella rhossiliensis on Different Nematodes and Its Endophytism Promoting Plant Growth and Resistance against Root-Knot Nematodes
Authors: Sun Xin , Liao Jiaqian , Lu Junru , Lin Runmao , Zou Manling , Xie Bingyan , Cheng Xinyue 
Published: January 2024

The endoparasitic fungus Hirsutella rhossiliensis is an important biocontrol agent of cyst nematodes in nature. To determine the potential parasitism of the fungus on a non-natural host, the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) living in pine trees and the endophytic ability of the fungus on plants, in this paper, we first constructed and utilized a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged H. rhossiliensis HR02 transformant to observe the fungal infection process on B. xylophilus and its colonization on Arabidopsis roots. Then, we compared the fungal parasitism on three species of nematodes with different lifestyles, and we found that the fungal parasitism is correlated with nematode species and stages. The parasitic effect of H. rhossiliensis on adults of B. xylophilus is similar to that on second-stage juveniles (J2) of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita after 24 h of inoculation, although the virulence of the fungus to second-stage juveniles of M. incognita is stronger than that to those of B. xylophilus and Caenorhabditis elegans. Moreover, the endophytism of H. rhossiliensis was confirmed. By applying an appropriate concentration of H. rhossiliensis conidial suspension (5 × 106 spores/mL) in rhizosphere soil, it was found that the endophytic fungus can promote A. thaliana growth and reproduction, as well as improve host resistance against M. incognita. Our results provide a deeper understanding of the fungus H. rhossiliensis as a promising biocontrol agent against plant-parasitic nematodes.
RELATIONSHIP OF STATOR AND ROTOR PARAMETERS IN ELECTRIC MA-CHINES OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS WITH CONCENTRATED STATOR WIND-INGS AND EXCITATION ON THE ROTOR
Authors: Korchagin O. 
Published: January 2024

The issues of choosing design relationships when designing electrical machines with single-tooth windings are considered.
Based on the property of symmetry of the m-phase system of an electric machine, relationships are derived that connect the number of pairs of rotor poles and stator teeth in single-tooth machines, taking into account the number of phases and the number of teeth in a phase group.
The relations derived in the work, in comparison with the previously known ones, allow us to consider a larger number of working options, among which there may be more rational ones, in addition, the proposed relations are easier to use for the developer, since they determine the nomenclature of phases and the direction of winding in both the case of even and and an odd number of phases.
Structural dependencies allow the developer to design a wide range of devices, such as engines, generators and synchronous tachometers with excitation from the rotor side, including from permanent magnets, which can be used in the development of electric machines built into the design of mechatronic modules. In this way, a base of options is created for further in-depth design using finite element modeling and other design tools.
The proposed approach is compared with known and previously used relationships. Using the example of an electric machine with one pair of poles, it is shown that by expanding the options under consideration, more rational implementation options can be obtained.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Integritas Laporan Keuangan: Whistleblowing System Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi
Authors: Oktasia Masnar Rezmika , Devi Safitri  , Nasrizal  
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menguji pengaruh komisaris independen, komite audit, dan internal audit terhadap integritas laporan keuangan dengan whistleblowing system sebagai pemoderasi. Objek dalam penelitian adalah perusahaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2017-2019. Teknik purposive sampling merupakan Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini dan memperoleh sampel sebesar 51 perusahaan. Peneliti menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dokumentasi dari laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan perusahaan. Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) merupakan analisis data yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa komisaris indepeden tidak mempunyai pengaruh terhadap integritas laporan keuangan , namun komite audit dan internal audit secara parsial mempunyai pengaruh terhadap integritas laporan keuangan. Selanjutnya whistleblowing system tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh antara komisaris independen dan internal audit terhadap integritas laporan keuangan, namun whistleblowing system dapat memoderasi komite audit tehadap integritas laporan keuangan. Penelitian ini dapat membantu perusahaan dalam peningkatan integritas laporan keuangan untuk mencegah tejadinya kecurangan pada pelaporan keuangan
Kata Kunci: komisaris independen; komite audit; internal audit; whistleblowing system; integritas laporan keuangan
Ulcera por presión del talón:tratamiento quirúrgico con el colgajo en Cono .
Authors: Calderón Wilfredo Luis , Toloza Aguayo Matías , Camacho Martino Juan Pablo , Obaid Garcia Miguel , Lombardi Azocar Juan José , Subiabre Ferrer Rodrigo 
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La úlcera por presión de talón es de difícil resolución por ser zona de apoyo especialmente cuando existe exposición de calcáneo. Una solución para esta patología es el colgajo fasciocutáneo en cono que es fácil , reproducible y segura.Material y método: Se operó a 12 pacientes con este tipo de úlcera entre 2016 y 2022, siendo 10 hombres y 2 mujeres con edades entre 35 y 65 años portadores de paraplejia. En 6 de Ellos hubo osteomielitis de calcáneo que requirió de tratamiento antibiótico por 6 semanas. En todos ellos se practicó el colgajo en cono, descrito por el autor principal. Técnica quirúrgica: Primeramente se realiza desbridamiento quirúrgico de la zona afectada. Posteriormente se practica el colgajo en cono que consiste en dos colgajos fasciocutáneos: uno de rotación , que cubre la lesión, el defecto dejado por éste es cubierto con un colgajo en avance en V-Y.Resultados: Todos los colgajos sobrevivieron sin signos de necrosis. No hubo recurrencia de las úlceras. La osteomielitis cedió con tratamiento antibiótico.Discusión: La exposición del calcáneo producto de una úlcera por presión de talón es de difícil tratamiento por ser una zona de apoyo constante .El tratamiento con el colgajo fasciocutáneo en cono ha probado ser de fácil resolución, reproducible y seguro para cubrir exposición de calcáneo.Conclusión: El tratamiento quirúrgico de la úlcera por presión de talón con el colgajo en cono es un procedimiento efectivo, reproducible, seguro y sin recidiva en nuestra casuística.
Ocaso quirurgico
Authors: Prado Scott Arturo 
Published: January 2024

He observado a otros cirujanos acercarse al final de su vida laboral y estos son sus casos:1) cirujanos que hacen planes cuidadosos de retiro, confiando cada vez más en colegas más jóvenes, a los que les entregan las riendas y terminan sus carreras suavemente.2) cirujanos que se quedan demasiado tiempo, no le preguntan nada a nadie, se vuelven hacia adentro, lastiman a las personas, son soberbios y se hacen de muchos enemigos, lo que los obliga finalmente a desaparecer sin pena ni gloria.3) cirujanos que tienen unos resultados catastróficos, demandas, y se ven obligados a tirar la toalla y son estigmatizados.4) cirujanos que continúan trabajando hasta que la salud no les da más y en general, son sus asociados los que les dicen que, ya basta.5) cirujanos que estando aún vigentes, cumplen con la edad “quirúrgica tope” de retiro y exigida en Hospitales y Clínicas, y que son sacados del staff con una carta.
Dynamics of the infiltration of liquid pollution into the ballast section of a railway track within the framework of Forchheimer's law
Authors: Стрелков А.К. , Бухман Н.С. , Теплых С.Ю. , Поршина Е.Г. 
Published: January 2024

Рассмотрена динамика инфильтрации слоя жидкости в пористый грунт под действием гравитационных сил в рамках двучленного закона фильтрации (закон фильтрации Форхгеймера). Получены простые формулы для временной зависимости высоты слоя жидкости на грунте и времени полной инфильтрации жидкости в грунт от коэффициента фильтрации и пористости грунта. Показано, что полное время инфильтрации прямо пропорционально высоте исходного слоя жидкости на грунте. Проведены расчеты времени и средней скорости полной инфильтрации для типичных грунтов.
The dynamics of a liquid layer infiltration into porous soil induced by the gravitational forces is considered within the framework of the two-term filtration law (Forchheimer's filtration law). Simple formulas are obtained for the time dependence of the height of the liquid layer on the soil and the time of complete infiltration of liquid into the soil on the filtration coefficient and porosity of the soil. It is shown that the total infiltration time is directly proportional to the height of the initial liquid layer on the ground. Calculations of the time and average speed of complete infiltration for typical soils were carried out.