bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self Efficacy, Parental Attitude, and Social Support as Determinant of Vocational Choice Among Adolescents With Hearing Impairment in Oyo State
Authors: Salvagain Okwara , Oyewole Diran , Dipeolu Oluwafemi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study was set out to investigate the influence of self efficacy, parental attitude and social support on the vocational choice of adolescent with hearing impairment in Oyo State. It was discovered that adolescent with hearing impairment are having difficulties in the choice of chosen career that could best fit into their strengths. Consequently, it was discovered that both personal and environmental factors could serves as supports for an appropriate choice of career among the adolescent with hearing impairment in Ibadan north local government area of Oyo state, Nigeria.
The study adopted a descriptive survey design with a sample of forty-four respondents (44) participants which was randomly selected to examine the studied relationship among the variables; however, the variables in the study were validated instrument. Three research hypotheses and two research questions were answered. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), and Multiple Regression Analytical methods.
The independent variables were self-efficacy, parental attitude and social support) to the prediction of vocational choice of adolescents with hearing impairment in Oyo state; F (3, 44) = (3, 44) = 395.256, P<0.001.The independent variables jointly account accounted for 84% (Adj.R2= .840) variance in the prediction of vocational choice of adolescents with hearing impairment in the studied area and the most potent predictor factor was parental attitude (Beta = .975, t=16.960, p<0.05) respectively was ranked first in its contribution to vocational choice of adolescents with hearing impairment in the study.
Based on the findings, it was concluded that the variables utilized for the study were efficiently predicted the sources and choices of career information made available to hearing impaired students also from their fellow colleagues and the mass media. It was recommendations were made based on the findings. Firstly, counsellors and special educators are advised to attend workshops, seminars that will help to broaden their skills and knowledge, especially in the area of handling clients with special needs. The government should provide the needed accessibility to school facilities for visually impaired students in senior secondary schools such as library, laboratories and so on. This is to enable them develop interest in the area of Sciences. Also, the curriculum planners should as a matter of urgency and necessity address the general science curriculum. With a view to making special adaptations that will soothe the educational needs of students with special needs at all levels of the Nigerian educational system. Areas such as teaching methodology, teaching aids and so on must be reviewed for special adaptations. This may go a long way in making visually impaired students to develop interest in vocational choice of careers development in their endeavours.
Characterization and identification of the powdery mildew resistance gene in wheat breeding line Jimai 809
Authors: Zhao Ya , Han Guohao , Qie Yanmin , Xiao Bei , Wang Jiaojiao , Qian Zejun , Huang Xiaomei , Liu Ruishan , Zhang Jiadong , Song Lihong , Jin Yuli , Ma Pengtao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a severe disease that seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. Using resistant cultivars in the production is the preferred strategy to control this disease. In the current study, the wheat breeding line Jimai 809 from Shandong Province of China showed high resistance to powdery mildew at the whole growth stage. To dissect the genetic basis for this resistance, Jimai 809 was crossed with the susceptible wheat cultivar Junda 159 to produce F1, F2 and F2:3 populations. Genetic analysis showed that a single dominant gene, temporarily named PmJM809, conferred the resistance to the Bgt isolate E09. Further molecular markers analysis showed that PmJM809 was located on chromosome 2BL and flanked by the markers CISSR02g-1 and CIT02g-13 with the genetic distances 0.4 and 0.8 cM, respectively, corresponding to a physical interval of 704.12-708.24 Mb referred to Chinese Spring reference genome sequence v1.1. PmJM809 differed from the Pm genes previously reported on chromosome arm 2BL in origin, resistance spectrum, physical position and genetic diversity of the interval, and hence was most likely a novel Pm gene or new allele of these reported Pm genes. To analyze and screen the candidate genes of PmJM809, six genes related to disease resistance in the candidate interval of PmJM809 were evaluated their expression pattern using an additional set of wheat samples and time-course analysis post-inoculation of Bgt isolate, and among them, three genes were locked as the key candidate genes. To efficiently transfer and track PmJM809 in different wheat genetic backgrounds, 13 of 19 closely linked/co-segregated markers were selected to be suitable for marker-assisted selection.
Comparison of HIIT and MICT and further detraining on metabolic syndrome and asprosin signaling pathway in metabolic syndrome model of rats
Authors: Rahim Hiwa Ahmed , Damirchi Arsalan , Babaei parvin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Physical activity promotes various metabolic benefits by balancing pro and anti-inflammatory adipokines. Recent studies suggest that asprosin might be involved in progression of metabolic syndrome (MetS), however, the underlying mechanisms have not been understood yet. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of High-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and further detraining on MetS indices, insulin resistance, serum and the liver levels of asprosin, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in menopause–induced MetS model of rats. A total of 64 Wistar rats were used in this study and divided into 8 groups: Sham1, OVX1(ovariectomized), Sham2, OVX2, OVX + HIIT, OVX + MICT, OVX + HIIT + Det (detraining) and OVX + MICT + Det. Animals performed the protocols, and then serum concentrations of asprosin, TNF-α, insulin, fasting glucose, and lipids profile (TC, LDL, TG, and HDL) were assessed. Additionally, the liver expression of asprosin, AMPK, P-AMPK were measured by western blotting. Both HIIT and MICT caused a significant decrease in weight, waist circumference, BMI, and serum levels of glucose, insulin, asprosin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and TNF-α, but an increase in AMPK, P-AMPK, and P-AMPK/AMPK in the liver (P = 0.001), compared with OVX2 nonexercised group(P = 0.001). MICT was superior to HIIT in reducing serum asprosin, TNF-a, TG, LDL, insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, QUEKI index, AMPK and p-AMPK. Although after two month of de-training almost all indices returned to the pre exercise values (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that MICT effectively alleviates MetS–induced by menopause at least partly via activating liver signaling of P-AMPK and reducing asprosin and TNF-α.
Study of anatomical variations of the thenar recurrent branch of Median nerve.
Authors: Das Sarbani , Paul Mithu , Saha Ankita , Ghosh Susmita , Seth Tridib Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The Median nerve (MN) is one of the important nerves in Superior extremity and have a wide distribution up to wrist and palm. The course and branches of the MN in the wrist vary widely among the population. Awareness of anatomical variations of the median nerve at wrist is important in repair of traumatic injuries. It is essential to avoid iatrogenic nerve injury during treatments of it’s decompression surgery in Carpal tunnel release for Carpal tunnel syndrome. Due to significant differences in the reported cases of such variations, extensive knowledge on the anatomy of the MN is very helpful for the surgeons.
Our aim was to find out the prevalence rates of anatomical variations of the MN in the carpal tunnel and wrist, along with the variations of the million dollar nerve of hand, the thenar recurrent branch of median nerve.
Materials & Methods: 50 upper limbs of 25 well embalmed cadavers of both sexes above the age of 18 were dissected during routine UG dissections for 2 academic sessions 21-22 & 22-23 in West Bengal after taking institutional ethical clearance. All the variations of median nerve under the headings of, variation in branching pattern of median nerve in carpal tunnel,variation in origin course and termination of thenar recurrent nerve ,communication with ulnar nerve ,variations of common digital nerve was noted.
Results: Thenar recurrent nerve is commonly presented as single nerve, in 96% cases and in 74% cases the nerve originated from the radial side of median nerve. Only in 2 out of 50 cases we noted accessory TRN was present. In 36 out of 50 cases course of TRN is extraligamentous variety ,which is the most common presentation, followed by transligamentous variety which was noted in 20% cases (10 out of 50) and the least common type was Subligamentous variety present in 8% cases.
Conclusion: During release of flexor retinaculum for carpal tunnel syndrome or during other operative procedures involving the thenar muscles surgeons has to be more careful to protect thenar recurrent branch of median nerve as it is lying in intimate relation to flexor retinaculum and having varied origin & courses.
A Real-World Experience of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Microsatellite Instability-High and/or Tumor Mutation Burden-High Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Outcome Analysis
Authors: Kase Adam , Mosalem Osama , Tan Winston , Bryce Alan , Dronca Roxanna , Childs Daniel , Pagliaro Lance , Orme Jacob 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of pembrolizumab monotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients when stratified by MSI-H and/or TMB-H is poorly defined. Additionally, outcomes based on sequencing source (i.e., tissue or liquid biopsy) have not been well described. We sought to assess outcomes of pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with mCRPC and compare efficacy based on MSI-H and/or TMB-H when identified by tissue or liquid biopsy.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed of mCRPC patients treated at Mayo Clinic with pembrolizumab monotherapy between 2018 and 2023. Objective response rates (ORR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and overall survival (mOS), were determined by RECIST v1.1 criteria.
Results
Twenty-two patients with mCRPC received pembrolizumab monotherapy for at least 3 cycles for an MSI-H or TMB-H indication. All patients had next generation sequencing (NGS) performed via tissue (n = 11) or liquid (n = 10) biopsy source. The ORR was 50% (27.3% complete response and 22.7% had partial response). The mPFS for TMB 10-14.9 mut/Mb (n = 4), TMB 15-24.9 mut/Mb (n = 6), and TMB ≥ 25 mut/Mb (n = 10) was 2.1, not reached (NR), and NR, respectively (p = 0.0003). The mOS for these same groups was 5.1 months, 20.5 months, and not reached, respectively. Among patients with TMB-H without co-occurring MSI-H or CDK12 (n = 6), none experienced a response and only one patient had stable disease compared to patients with MSI-H (n = 12) for whom the ORR was 75%. Immunotherapy responsive alterations such as ATRX and PTCH1 mutations were frequently noticed among patients who had complete response (CR).
Conclusions
Our study highlights that MSI-H drives the efficacy of pembrolizumab in mCRPC with better survival outcomes as TMB increases. Clinicians should consider alternative treatment strategies for advanced prostate cancer when TMB-H is present without co-occurring MSI-H or CDK12. This study further demonstrates the utility of liquid biopsy NGS for identifying MSI-H and/or TMB-H disease.
Role of Autoreactive Tc17 Cells in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE)
Authors: Peng Yong , Zhang Xiu-Li , Tang Yan-dan , He Shun-qing , Rao Gui-lan , Chen Quan , Xue Ya-hui , Jin Hong , Liu Shu , Zhou Zi-yang , Xiang Yun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), is primarily mediated by T cells. However, recent studies have only focused on CD4 + T-helper cells that secrete interleukin-17 (IL-17), also known as Th17 cells. This study aims to determine the similarities and differences between Th17 cells and CD8+ T-cytotoxic cells that secrete IL-17 (Tc17) in the context of MS/EAE.Methods Female C57BL/6 mice (n = 20) were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptides 35–55 (MOG35 − 55), pertussis toxin, and Complete Freund’s adjuvant to establish the EAE animal model. T-cells were isolated from the spleen (12–14 days post-immunization) and purified into CD4+ and CD8+ using flow cytometry. These cells were differentiated into Tc17 and Th17 using MOG35-55 and IL-23. Secretion levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-17 were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using cultured CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells supernatant. Pathogenicity of Tc17 and Th17 cells was tested through adoptive transfer (tEAE), with the clinical course assessed using an EAE score (0–5). Hematoxylin and eosin and Luxol fast blue staining were used to examine the spinal cord.Results Purified CD8+CD3+ and CD4+CD3+ cells were differentiated into Tc17 and Th17 cells, and then stimulated with MOG35 − 55 peptide for proliferation assays. The results showed that Tc17 cells exhibited a weaker response to MOG35 − 55 compared to Th17 cells. However, this response was not dependent on Th17 cells. Tc17 cells secreted lower levels of IFN-γ and IL-17. In the tEAE mouse model, similar EAE scores and slight inflammation and demyelination were observed in Tc17 cell-induced tEAE mice compared to Th17 cell-induced tEAE mice.Conclusion Although Tc17 cells were pathogenic in EAE, their degree of pathogenicity was lower than that of Th17 cells. Tc17 cells secreted similar levels of IL-17 to Th17 cells after antigen stimulation, but their IFN-γ secretion was significantly lower.
Inflows towards Bipolar Magnetic Active Regions and Their Nonlinear Impact on a Three-Dimensional Babcock-Leighton Solar Dynamo Model
Authors: Teweldebirhan Kinfe , Miesch Mark , Gibson Sarah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The changing magnetic fields of the Sun are generated and maintained by a solar dynamo, the exact nature of which remains an unsolved fundamental problem in solar physics. Our objective in this paper is to investigate the role and impact of converging flows toward Bipolar Magnetic Regions (BMR inflows) on the Sun's global solar dynamo. These flows are large-scale physical phenomena that have been observed and so should be included in any comprehensive solar dynamo model. We have augmented the Surface ﬂux Transport And Babcock–LEighton (STABLE) dynamo model to study the nonlinear feedback effect of BMR inflows with magnitudes varying with surface magnetic fields. This fully-3D realistic dynamo model produces the sunspot butterfly diagram and allows a study of the relative roles of dynamo saturation mechanisms such as tilt-angle quenching and BMR inflows. The results of our STABLE simulations show that BMR inflows significantly affect the evolution of the BMRs themselves and result in a reduced buildup of the global poloidal field due to local flux cancellation within the BMRs, to an extent that is sufficient to saturate the dynamo. As a consequence, for the first time, we have achieved fully 3D solar dynamo solutions in which BMR inflows alone regulate the amplitudes and periods of the magnetic cycles.
Perinatal Outcomes and Long-Term Infectious Morbidity of Offspring Born to Mothers with Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Asher Itay , Sheiner Eyal , Willner Nata Tifferet , Zeller Lior , Pariente Gali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate perinatal outcomes and long-term infectious morbidity in children of mothers with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).
Methods
A population-based cohort study comparing perinatal outcomes and long-term infectious morbidity of offspring of mothers with and without FMF was conducted. All singleton deliveries between the years 1991–2021 in a tertiary medical center were included. The study groups were followed until 18 years of age for long-term infectious morbidity. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare the cumulative incidence of long-term infectious morbidity, and generalized estimation equation (GEE) models as well as Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to control for confounders.
Results
During the study period, 356,356 deliveries met the inclusion criteria. 411 of them were women with FMF. Using GEE models, preterm delivery, cesarean delivery, and low birth weight were independently associated with maternal FMF. The total infectious-related hospitalization rate was significantly higher in offspring born to mothers with FMF compared to the comparison group (Kaplan–Meier survival curve, log-rank p < 0.001). Using a Cox proportional hazards model, controlling for gestational age, maternal age, diabetes mellitus, cesarean delivery, and hypertensive disorders, being born to a mother with FMF was found to be an independent risk factor for long-term infection-related hospitalization of the offspring.
Conclusion
Maternal FMF was found to be independently associated with long-term infection-related hospitalization of the offspring. This positive correlation may reflect an intra-uterine pro-inflammatory environment which may result in the offspring's long-term susceptibility to infection.
Game Digital Therapeutics for reducing perioperative anxiety in Children: Exploring Multi-Sensory Interaction Experience
Authors: Wang Su , liu YueLin , Mei XiaoXue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The repercussions of the perioperative period on children's mental health deserve attention. Children's special characteristics lead to anxiety during the perioperative period, resulting in affecting the treatment outcome. Gamified digital therapy has been offered as a potential aid, especially true for children, however, many popular digital therapy tools have not been designed to address the needs of children. We propose that a game design approach based on multisensory interactive experiences intervenes in the field of children's mental health. It could be a foundation for digital anxiety interventions. Therefore, we designed and implemented a gamified interventions system, to study how multisensory experience design could be applied within this context. This approach uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative user research to clarify the relationship between children's multisensory experiences (visual, hearing, touch) and design elements, and presents the strategies of game therapy development. To describe this method, we present its application in the design and development of a Leap motion-based game for children. Finally, findings from a formal user testing study with 6 children showed the effectiveness of the game therapy in reducing perioperative anxiety. This research provides new insights and creative solutions for the child's mental health.
Predicting 10 year incidence of dyslipidemia based on novel anthropometric indices, using exploratory regression models and data mining
Authors: Takhttavous Alireza , Saberi-Karimian Maryam , Hafezi Somayeh Ghiasi , Esmaily Habibollah , Hosseini Marzieh , Amirfakhrian Elham , Ghamsary Mark , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Alinezhad-Namaghi Maryam , Ferns Gordon A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
This study aimed to establish a 10 year dyslipidemia incidence model, investigating novel anthropometric indices using exploratory regression and data mining.
Methods:
A total of 1776 individuals without dyslipidemia were enrolled from phase 1 of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) study. People who were diagnosed with dyslipidemia in phase 2 (n = 1097) were compared with healthy people in this phase. The association of dyslipidemia with novel anthropometric indices including C-Index (conicity index), BRI (body roundness index), VAI (Visceral Adiposity Index), LAP (Lipid Accumulation Product), AVI (Abdominal volume index), WWI (weight-adjusted-waist index), BMI (body mass index), BAI (Body Adiposity Index) and BSA (body surface area) have been evaluated in this study. Logistic regression (LR) and decision tree (DT) analysis were utilized to evaluate the association. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of DT were assessed through the performance of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve using R software.
Results:
A total of 1776 subjects including 1097 and 679 individuals with and without dyslipidemia encountered the study. There were 586 (53.4%) females and 511(46.6%) males with dyslipidemia. According to the results, VAI has been identified as the most significant risk factor for dyslipidemia (OR: 2.81, (95% CI: 2.07, 3.81)) in all models. Moreover, the DT showed that VAI followed by BMI and LAP as the most critical variables in the prediction of dyslipidemia incidence.
Conclusions:
Based on our findings, the VAI was the principal anthropometric factor for predicting dyslipidemia incidence.
Race and Ethnic Background in Parkinson’s Disease: A Literature Review and Risk Factor Analysis
Authors: Siddiqi Sara , Li Juan , Ortiz Zoe , Lawrence Kamaya , Redmond Melissa , Tomlinson Julianna , Schlossmacher Michael , Salmaso Natalina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Importance: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common, neurodegenerative disorder. Inclusion of ethno-racial groups is critical to expanding current understanding of PD risk factors, pathogenesis, and increasing generalizability across diverse research populations. Presently, there is a lack of large-scale studies that evaluate links between race/ethnicity and PD risk.
Objective: (1) Using a literature review, we aimed to evaluate and assess the inclusion of ethno-racial factors in studies on PD risk. (2) Using a cross-sectional study, we aimed to validate findings in the literature and compare the relationship between PD prevalence, race, and risk factors.
Design, Setting and Participants: Targeted literature review: A PubMED search was conducted to identify studies published 2000-2023 detailing PD risk and epidemiology. Cross-sectional analysis: data downloaded in March 2022 from the Fox Insight study cohort was analysed.
Exposures: Literature review: inclusion of race/ethnicity. Cross-sectional analysis: current PD diagnosis, sex, age of diagnosis, smoking status, family history of PD, select DNA markers, history of anosmia, depression and anxiety.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Literature review: accounting for race/ethnicity in the data set. Cross-sectional analysis: logistic regression modelling was used to determine the prevalence odds ratios for PD, pairwise comparisons of age at PD diagnosis across race were conducted and minor allele frequencies were calculated.
Results: Literature review: only 22 of 497 (4.4%) articles reviewed included ethno-racial factors as an integral part of their analysis. Cross-sectional analysis: out of the 48,566 respondents, 22,776 were male (46.9%), the mean age was 65.8 (SD=12.1), 34,859 (71.7%) respondents had a diagnosis of PD, 45,712 (94.1%) self-identified with the White race. Multiracial respondents had 22% reduced odds of PD (POR=0.78 95% CI [0.65-0.93]) compared to the White race group, adjusted for age, sex and income. Race did not impact the association between PD prevalence and known risk factors.
Conclusions and Relevance: Our literature search revealed that race/ethnicity has been understudied in the context of PD risk; despite this, our data analysis demonstrated that race groups differ in prevalence. To best inform understanding of PD pathogenesis and future care, further analyses are needed with consideration of access to care and other determinants of health.