bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SMART: The microstent's ability to limit restenosis trial
Authors: Heuser Richard , Lopez Alejandro , Kuntz Richard , Reduto Lawrence , Badger Rodney , Coleman Patrick , Whitlow Patrick , Iannone L. A. , Safian Robert , Yeung Alan , Moses Jeffrey 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this randomized, prospective, multicenter trial (n = 661) of patients with de novo or restenotic coronary lesions, 330 patients received the MicroStent® II (MSII), and 331 received the Palmaz‐Schatz® (PS) stent. The short‐term procedural success rates were 94.4% and 95.7%, respectively (P = 0.47). The 30‐day cumulative incidence of major adverse events [death, myocardial infarction, CVA, target lesion revascularization (TLR)] was 6.4% for the MSII and 4.5% for the PS stent (P = 0.31). The in‐stent binary restenosis rate at 6 months was 25.2% for the MSII and 22.1% for the PS stent (P = 0.636). Using Kaplan‐Meier estimates, the incidence of clinically driven TLR was 8.9% for the MSII and 9.2% for the PS stent at 180 days; at 270 days, it was 12.8% and 12.1%, respectively (P = 0.83). MSII and the PS stents were comparable with respect to short‐term procedural success, complications, and late clinical and angiographic restenosis. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;52:269–277. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Safety and efficacy of suture‐mediated closure after percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Rinder Morton R. , Tamirisa Praveen K. , Taniuchi Megumi , Kurz Howard I. , Mumm Kimberly , Lasala John M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPercutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) performed with concomitant use of heparin and platelet inhibitors are safe procedures with reported vascular complication rates of approximately 6.1%. EPILOG investigators demonstrated that utilizing a low‐dose heparin regimen with abciximab, along with early sheath removal, vascular access‐related bleeding was significantly lower than that reported in EPIC. Recently, a suture‐mediated closure (SMC) device has been reported to be safe, appears effective, and may improve patient comfort by allowing early ambulation. We conducted a retrospective analysis (January 1999 to March 2000) of complication frequencies among PCI patients who underwent SMC and those who had manual compression (non‐SMC). Furthermore, we compared the overall rates of complications to patients who underwent PCI prior to the introduction of SMC (1995–1998). When comparing the current cohort to the historical cohort, there was a significant decrease in the number of retroperitoneal bleeds (0.3% vs. 0.9%; P = 0.003), hematomas (5% vs. 9%; P < 0.001), pseudoaneurysms (1.2% vs. 2.7%; P < 0.001), and need for vascular surgery (0.9% vs. 2.8%; P < 0.001). There was no difference in the number of arterio‐venous fistulas and a slight increase in transfusion needs (12% vs. 10%; P = 0.03). Within the current cohort, there was no difference in the vascular complications between SMC and non‐SMC PCI patients, although there were lower rates of pseudoaneurysms (0.5% vs. 1.8%; P = 0.02) and transfusion requirements (72/880 vs. 132/874; P < 0.001). These results suggest that the complication rates for SMC are not different and may be lower when compared to non‐SMC patients after PCI. At our institution, the practice of early sheath removal and less aggressive heparin dosing has led to a decrease in vascular complication rates and a 66% reduction in vascular surgeries on post‐PCI patients. Because of the limitations of retrospective analyses, further studies will be necessary to confirm these findings. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:146–151. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two‐dimensional separation of [7]helicene enantiomers on Cu(111)
Authors: Ernst K.‐H. , Kuster Y. , Fasel R. , Müller M. , Ellerbeck U. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe adsorption of heptahelicene, a helically shaped polyaromatic hydrocarbon (C30H18), on a Cu(111) surface was studied by means of thermal desorption mass spectrometry (TDMS) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) at temperatures between 130–1,000 K under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. The molecule in the monolayer remains intact up to 400 K. Above that temperature it decomposes in several steps into carbon and hydrogen, desorbing subsequently as H2. In the saturated monolayer of the racemate the enantiomers are separated into two different domains on the surface which are mirror images of each other. After adsorption of one enantiomer only, no mirror domains were observed. Chirality 13:675–678, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of beta radiation on the crystallization of sodium chlorate from water: A new type of asymmetric synthesis
Authors: Mahurin Shannon , McGinnis Michael , Bogard J.S. , Hulett L.D. , Pagni Richard M. , Compton Robert N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSodium chlorate is an achiral molecule that crystallizes from water in the chiral space group P213. In the absence of chiral perturbations, a random distribution of (+) and (−) crystals is obtained. Kondepudi2 has shown that constantly stirring an evaporating NaClO3 solution gives mostly either (+) or (−) crystals. Repeating this experiment many times gives equal numbers of (+) and (−) sets of crystals. Herein we report that when evaporating aqueous NaClO3 is subjected to beta particles from an Sr‐90 source, an asymmetric distribution of (+) and (−) crystals favoring the (+) crystals is obtained. The beta particles are energetic polarized electrons that are approximately 80% of left‐handed helicity. By a poorly understood mechanism, the spin polarized electrons produce chiral nucleating sites that favor formation of the (+)‐NaClO3 crystals. Exposure of the evaporating solution instead to energetic positrons from an Na‐22 source yields mainly (−)‐NaClO3 crystals. Polarized positrons are of predominantly right‐handed helicity. One may conclude that the chirality of the radiation is correlated with the chirality of the crystals being generated. Chirality 13:636–640, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lymphomas of the breast
Authors: Domchek Susan M. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Fleming Mark D. , Pinkus Geraldine S. , Canellos George P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe involvement of the breast by lymphoma is a rare form of extralymph node lymphoma and represents either primary disease or systemic involvement. The authors hypothesized that screening mammography may influence the detection of lymphomatous involvement of the breast.METHODSAll patients (n = 81 patients) who were diagnosed with lymphomatous involvement of the breast at the study institution between 1988 and 1999 were evaluated retrospectively.RESULTSClinical information was available for 73 patients who could be classified into three major groups according to their diagnosis: primary breast lymphoma (PBL) (44%), breast involvement from disseminated disease at the time of initial diagnosis (29%), and recurrence of preexisting lymphoma to the breast (27%). The majority of PBL were of intermediate or high grade, and the majority of disseminated lymphomas involving the breast were of low grade. Lymphomatous recurrence to the breast was slightly more likely to be of intermediate grade rather than low grade. In 91% of patients, the diagnosis of lymphoma was made after the evaluation of a palpable mass. All patients who were identified after the evaluation of an abnormal screening mammogram (9%) had low‐grade lymphomas. Of the 32 patients with PBL, screening mammography discovered only 1. Nineteen percent of patients with PBL also had a history of an autoimmune disorder.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that screening mammography has not altered substantially the detection of breast lymphoma. The clinical outcome of patients with breast lymphoma is dependent on histology and appears to parallel that of patients with lymphoma of similar histology involving other sites. Cancer 2002;94:6–13. © 2002 American Cancer Society.
The prognostic value of immunohistochemically detected CD44v3 and CD44v6 expression in patients with surgically staged vulvar carcinoma
Authors: Hefler Lukas A. , Concin Nicole , Mincham David , Thompson Jane , Swarte Nikkie B. , van Eijkeren Marion A. , Sie‐Go Daisy M.D.S. , Hammond Ian , McCartney Anthony J. , Tempfer Clemens B. , Speiser Paul 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDIsoforms of the adhesion molecule CD44 are involved in carcinogenesis and the metastatic cascade of tumor cells by increasing the affinity of malignant cells to their extracellular matrix. Preliminary data with respect to the prognostic value of the CD44 isoforms CD44v3 and CD44v6 in patients with vulvar carcinoma showed promising results. The current multicenter study aimed to determine the prognostic value of CD44v3 and CD44v6 in patients with surgically staged vulvar carcinoma.METHODSExpression of CD44v3 and CD44v6 in vulvar carcinoma tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemic staining was performed according to established protocols. Results were correlated to clinical data.RESULTSA positive CD44v3 and CD44v6 staining was detected in 33.3% (33 out of 99) and 39.4% (39 out of 99) of the tumor samples, respectively. Overexpression of CD44v6 was associated with an impaired prognosis with respect to disease‐free survival (P = 0.01) and overall survival (P = 0.04). Multivariate analysis showed that CD44v6 provided prognostic information with respect to disease‐free survival (P = 0.001) and overall survival (P = 0.005) independently of the two established prognosticators, tumor stage and groin lymph node involvement. Overexpression of CD44v3 had no impact on patient survival.CONCLUSIONSThe current multicenter study, involving a large series of patients with surgically staged vulvar carcinoma, allowed for multivariate survival analysis and showed that CD44v6 confers prognostic information in addition to that provided by the established clinicopathologic parameters of tumor stage and lymph node status. Cancer 2002;94:125–30. © 2002 American Cancer Society.
31Phosphorus‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess histologic tumor response noninvasively after isolated limb perfusion for soft tissue tumors
Authors: Kettelhack Christoph , Wickede Minette v. , Vogl Thomas , Schneider Ulrike , Hohenberger Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn patients with unresectable soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities, isolated limb perfusion (ILP) has been reported to result in significant tumor regression enabling limb‐sparing resection in the majority of patients. However, clinical tumor response as evaluated by imaging and histopathology (extent of tumor necrosis) often differ significantly. The current study was initiated to evaluate prospectively the role of 31phosphorus‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P‐MRS) in the noninvasive assessment of histologic response in patients treated with ILP.METHODSThirty‐two patients with locally advanced and unresectable soft tissue tumors (sarcoma in 28 patients and bulky melanoma in 4 patients) were treated by ILP with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor‐α and melphalan or with cytostatics. 31P‐MRS was performed prior to treatment and at regular intervals after ILP until definite tumor resection. Clinical response parameters according to the World Health Organization as well as the histopathologic necrosis rate of the resection specimen were correlated with changes in the energy‐rich phosphorous metabolites phosphocreatine (PCR); α‐, β‐, γ‐adenosine triphosphate (ATP); phosphomonoesters (PME); and inorganic phosphate (Pi).RESULTSClinically, 15 of 32 patients (response rate [RR] of 47%) demonstrated a partial response (PR). The ratios of PME/PCR and PME/β‐ATP decreased significantly after ILP in comparison with preoperative values (P < 0.001). The changes in the PME/β‐ATP ratio were significantly different between clinical responders and nonresponders (P < 0.02) in contrast with the PME/PCR ratios (P < 0.09). Histologic necrosis of > 90% (pathologic (p) PR) was present in 17 resection specimens, 7 of which demonstrated no clinical response. Seven tumors demonstrated a pathologic complete response (pCR). When combining PR, pPR, and pCR (RR of 68%), 31P‐MRS was able to predict response with a specificity of 94% and a sensitivity of 68% (P < 0.006, by the chi‐square test).CONCLUSIONSThe considerable difference between clinical and pathologic RR after ILP underlines the shortcomings of established response criteria. Utilizing changes in PME/β‐ATP ratios, 31P‐MRS is a highly specific tool with which to predict histologic response in this setting. This finding may be of major value in those patients in whom the decision to perform a major resection or amputation must be made for local tumor control. Cancer 2002;94:1557–64. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10361
Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of vincristine after bolus intravenous dosing
Authors: Kellie Stewart J. , Barbaric Draga , Koopmans Pauline , Earl John , Carr Deborah J. , de Graaf Siebold S. N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDVincristine (VCR) is used widely in oncology practice, and regular dosing is commonly associated with the development of sensorimotor or autonomic neuropathies. However, the incidence of VCR‐related central nervous system (CNS) toxicity is comparatively low, suggesting that the blood‐brain barrier may limit drug penetration into the brain parenchyma. This study determined whether measurable concentrations of VCR could be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as a surrogate marker of brain parenchyma penetration, after bolus intravenous injection in children without primary CNS pathology.METHODSThe authors studied 17 pediatric patients ages 2.5–14.1 years (median, 6.8 years) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non‐Hodgkin lymphoma without evidence of leptomeningeal disease. Patients received VCR 1.5 mg/m2 by intravenous bolus injection followed at varying intervals by lumbar puncture for scheduled intrathecal methotrexate administration under general anesthesia. Paired VCR concentrations in both plasma and CSF were measured in each patient simultaneously at times ranging from 8 minutes to 146 minutes after the VCR injection. Three patients were studied twice. The paired samples were stored at −40 °C until analysis using a high performance liquid chromatography assay with a sensitivity of 0.1 μg/L in CSF and 0.4 μg/L in plasma.RESULTSPlasma VCR concentrations ranged from 2.2 μg/L to 91.2 μg/L. No measurable VCR concentrations were detected in the CSF samples.CONCLUSIONSMeasurable concentrations of VCR in CSF are not achieved after the administration of standard intravenous bolus doses of VCR. The current observations are consistent with the relative rarity of VCR‐related CNS neurotoxicity compared with the commonly observed sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathies. These findings suggest that the penetration of VCR into the brain parenchyma of patients with a relatively intact blood‐brain barrier is low and that VCR may have a limited role in the CNS‐directed therapy of these patients. Cancer 2002;94:1815–20. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10397
Malignant placental site trophoblastic tumor
Authors: Xue Wei‐Cheng , Guan Xin‐Yuan , Ngan Hextan Y. S. , Shen Dan‐Hua , Khoo Ui‐Soon , Cheung Annie N. Y. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlacental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is a rare form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasm composed predominantly of intermediate trophoblast. Most showed benign behavior whereas 10–15% of PSTTs were clinically malignant with later recurrence and metastasis. Currently, there are no reliable means to predict clinical outcome, and cytogenetic information is scanty.METHODSThe clinicopathologic features of two cases of malignant PSTT were analyzed. Cytogenetic analysis was performed by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and chromosome in situ hybridization (CISH) using frozen tissue and paraffin embedded sections, respectively.RESULTSBoth patients were 32 years old at time of diagnosis. One patient with PSTT presented with menorrhagia, and the other presented with symptoms of missed abortion. Elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was detected in both patients. Histologic examination showed the typical features of PSTT with high mitotic count (> 5/10 high‐power fields). Ovarian and lung metastasis occurred in both patients. Immunohistochemical staining revealed an equal distribution of HCG and human placental lactogen. Cytogenetic studies by CISH showed that karyotypes of these two malignant PSTTs were diploid. Analysis of the tumor tissue by CGH did not show any changes in DNA copy numbers.CONCLUSIONSThe authors' study indicated that the two metastasizing PSTTs had balanced diploid karyotype. The malignant behavior of PSTTs may be not related to the DNA copy number changes. Such cytogenetic study may be useful in distinguishing metastatic PSTT from choriocarcinoma. Cancer 2002;94:2288–94. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10424
HER‐2/neu is overexpressed infrequently in patients with prostate carcinoma
Authors: Lara Primo N. , Meyers Frederick J. , Gray Carl R. , Gandour Edwards Regina , Gumerlock Paul H. , Kauderer Caren , Tichauer Garrett , Twardowski Przemyslaw , Doroshow James H. , Gandara David R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe overexpression of HER‐2/neu is found in 20–30% of patients with breast carcinoma and is an adverse prognostic factor. HER‐2 overexpression also has been reported in up to 60% of patients with hormone‐refractory prostate carcinoma (HRPC) and was correlated with shortened survival. Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to the HER‐2 receptor and has antitumor activity in patients with HER‐2‐overexpressing breast carcinoma. The authors report the results of HER‐2 screening from a Phase II trial of chemotherapy with trastuzumab and docetaxel in patients with HER‐2‐overexpressing prostate carcinoma.METHODSArchival paraffin embedded tumor tissue was obtained from potentially eligible patients and was screened for HER‐2 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a specialized test kit. Shed HER‐2 antigen in serum also was determined using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HER‐2 gene amplification was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Patients with IHC scores of 2+ or 3+ were considered to have HER‐2 overexpression and were eligible for the trial. To date, 62 patients with HRPC have been screened.RESULTSThe median patient age was 72 years, and Gleason scores were < 5 in 1 patient, 5–7 in 24 patients, > 7 in 23 patients, and not specified in 14 patients. IHC HER‐2 expression was 0 in 28 patients, 1+ in 14 patients, 2+ in 4 patients, and 3+ in 1 patient. Fifteen patients had either suboptimal tissue (13 patients) for interpretation or had pending results (2 patients). Therefore, 8% of all patients screened (5 of 62 patients) had HER‐2 overexpression by IHC. Quantitative ELISA for shed HER‐2 was available in 32 patients; this level was elevated (> 15 ng/mL) in only 2 patients, and neither had HER‐2 expression by IHC. Of the 5 patients with 2+ or 3+ HER‐2 expression by IHC, none had elevated shed HER‐2 antigen levels by ELISA. FISH for HER‐2 amplification was performed on 12 specimens; 5 of these specimens were uninterpretable due to specimen artifact, and none of the remaining 7 specimens had HER‐2 amplification, defined as a ratio > 1. Patient age and Gleason score were not correlated with HER‐2 status.CONCLUSIONSUnlike breast carcinoma and contrary to prior reports, HER‐2 overexpression by IHC in archival prostate tissue from patients who eventually developed hormone‐ refractory disease was infrequent. There did not appear to be any correlation between HER‐2 overexpression by IHC and shed HER‐2 antigen levels in serum by ELISA in this tumor type. Whether trastuzumab possesses single‐agent activity or modulates chemotherapy response in tumor types other than breast carcinoma remains to be determined. Cancer 2002;94:2584–9. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10526
How many nodes must be examined to accurately stage gastric carcinomas?
Authors: Bouvier Anne‐Marie , Haas Olivier , Piard Françoise , Roignot Philippe , Bonithon‐Kopp Claire , Faivre Jean 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere are few population based data about lymphadenectomy practices in resections for stomach carcinoma. The aim of the current study was to describe these practices and to determine how many nodes must be examined in order to accurately stage gastric carcinoma.METHODSThe current study included all patients (749 patients total) with TNM Stage I, II, or III resected gastric carcinoma diagnosed over a 21 year period (1976–1996) in a well‐defined French population. A model of the relationship between the proportion of positive nodes and the number of examined nodes was performed. The relationship between the proportion of positive nodes and the number of nodes examined was modeled to determine the number of nodes beyond which the proportion of N+ tumors no longer changed.RESULTSThe average number of examined lymph nodes was 8.4 per patient. More than 15 lymph nodes were examined in 17.6% of patients. Under 10 examined nodes, the proportion of N+ classified tumors significantly decreased with the number of examined nodes, whereas it remained stable beyond this value. The type of gastrectomy and patient age were the two factors independently associated with the resection of at least 10 nodes, whereas the diagnosis period was not associated. After adjustment for the type of surgical resection, three variables independently influenced the prognosis of TNM Stage I or II tumors: extension within the gastric wall (extension T3/T4 vs. T1/T2; odds ratio [OR] = 2.05, P < 0.001), age at diagnosis (age ≥ 70 years vs. < 70 years; OR = 4.06, P < 0.001), and the number of examined nodes (10 resected lymph nodes vs. 0–9; OR = 0.57, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThe current study strongly suggests that staging is not reliable when fewer than 10 lymph nodes are examined. The number of examined lymph nodes should be used as a stratification criterion in clinical trials and as an adjustment variable in survival studies. Cancer 2002;94:2862–6. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10550