bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Highly Wearable Single-electrode Mode Triboelectric Nanogenerator Made of Flexible Polyvinylidene Fluoride Transparent Film for Muscular Motion Monitoring
Authors: Vivekananthan Venkateswaran , Arunmetha S. , Srither S. R. , Babu Patcha Satya Srinivasa , Hajra Sugato , Dudem Bhaskar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The present study reports the design and fabrication of a single-electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENGs) which can overcome the drawbacks present in the conventional triboelectric nanogenerator which works on two electrodes and two dielectric layers. The proposed concept eliminates the dual electrodes thereby reducing the complexity of the device and the higher fabrication cost enabling the device to be used for extended applications. The fabricated TENG device uses Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the active material that is capable to generate the electrical response upon contact with the human skin when the device was worn on the skin. The device generates the highest electrical output of ~ 50 V and a current of ~ 600 nA under a 1 Hz operating frequency. The device also shows good stability and durability by powering continuously for 300 s without any interruption in its electrical output response. The device shows its applicability in utilizing it powering low-power electronic devices, bio-mechanical energy scavenging upon actuated by hand and foot tapping, as well as demonstrated for the self-powered muscular monitoring system. The study greatly expands the opportunity of using TENGs for applications in the field of healthcare, bio-medical, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
Determination of water availability and long growth period of maize plant in Boalemo Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Nurdin  , Rauf A , Rahim Y , Musa N , Zakaria F , Dude S , Rahman R , Malatani A S , Mooduto R , Mobilingo S , Suryadi  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The lack of water availability and the short period of maize growth has the potential to be the main obstacles to achieving optimal production. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the water availability and long growth period (LGP) of maize plants in Boalemo Regency, which was included in the agrokilmat zone E2. Rainfall and temperature data from Saritani, Tangkobu, and Bubaa climate stations in Boalemo Regency were used over ten years, from 2012 to 2022. The soil profile moisture content data used pF 2.5 and pF 4.2 while the tool used Cropwat8.0. Furthermore, the determination of available water and LGP was conducted using a water balance table with the Thornwaite method. The results showed that the highest and lowest water availabilities were 556 mm and 118 mm at the Saritani and Tangkobu climate stations, with a maximum LGP of maize at 242 days and 181 days, respectively. Based on climate stations, the availability of water and the amount of LGP follow the pattern of Saritani climate station > Bubaa climate station > Tangkobu climate station.
SPAD Total Chlorophyll as an Initial Indicator of the Effect of 2,4-D Dimethyl Amine Herbicide for Lowland Rice and Barnyardgrass Weed
Authors: Alridiwirsah  , Tampubolon K , Basyuni M , Mustamu N E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Barnyardgrass populations (Echinochloa crus-galli) can inhibit the growth and yield of lowland rice. The use of herbicides as an alternative control can affect the growth of lowland rice, especially the total chlorophyll content. This study was to obtain initial information on the effect of the 2,4-D dimethyl amine herbicide by detecting the total chlorophyll of lowland rice and barnyardgrass. A completely randomized block design with a non-factorial was selected in this study. 40 populations of barnyardgrass from Serdang Bedagai District, North Sumatra, Indonesia, and a population for comparison were sprayed with the herbicide 2,4-D dimethyl amine at a dose of 1,080 g ai ha−1 with three replications. This study was conducted from August to October 2022 and the parameters were analyzed using one-way ANOVA as well as followed by the Duncan test at P<0.05. The findings showed that the effect of the 2,4-D dimethyl amine herbicide was safe by 70.73 % for lowland rice. There was a significant decrease in the total chlorophyll of barnyardgrass exposed to the 2,4-D dimethyl amine. A decrease in the total chlorophyll can be used as initial information to indicate the effect of the 2,4-D dimethyl amine.
Seed morphology and germination of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia)
Authors: Susilowati A , Rachmat H H , Yulita K S , Ginting I M , Iswanto A H , Sucipto T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Eurycoma longifolia is a traditional medicine plant with numerous bioactive components. Because of its medicinal properties, particularly its aphrodisiac properties, pasak bumi has seen a tremendous increase in demand and is now threatened with extinction in the wild. As a result, species must be protected as soon as possible through propagation techniques. The research was conducted to determine the success of pasak bumi propagation using various media combinations. In this study, 360 pasak bumi seeds were sown in four different germination media: pure sand (M1), a 1:1 v/v soil and sand mixture (M2), a 1:1 v/v sand and rice husk mixture (M3), and a 1:1 v/v sand and compost mixture (M4). Seedlings were weaned at 8 weeks of age using three different media treatments: soil and carbonized rice husk 1:1 (M1), pure carbonized rice husk (M2), and a mixture of sand and soil 1:1 v/v (M3). To analyze the data, a non-factorial completely randomized design was used. The results showed that a combination of sand and soil media resulted in the highest average percentage of germination (34%). The variance results revealed that the planting medium had no significant effect on shoot growth but did affect the number and length of roots. The pure carbonized rice husk medium produces the best growth parameters.
Potential soil degradation of paddy fields through observation approaches from various sources of environmental diversity
Authors: Romadhon M R , Mujiyo M , Cahyono O , Maro’ah S , Istiqomah N M , Irmawati V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Soil is classified as a vital and non-renewable natural resource for food production. We also could produce good-quality, healthy, and nutritious food through healthy soil. Good quality soil was rare to find. Typically, land used for food crop cultivation is regarded as having substantially degraded soil, characterized by a low proportion of soil macro primer nutrients and organic C content. This study aimed to determine the soil degradation of paddy field through environmental diversity that occur on the field. This research result showed that conventional paddy field cultivation is classified as degraded soil. Moreover, organic paddy field cultivation was classified as low degraded soil. After classifying the soil, proceed challenges of recommendations have been formulated this research aims. Monitoring the soil degradation level is necessary to set some recommendations for cultivation to prevent the ongoing degradation of rice fields and threaten food security. This research will produce a guideline and a body of literature highlighting the necessity of monitoring soil degradation levels and identifying limiting variables so that a paddy soil management strategy based on soil health can be adopted to sustain food security.
Effect of giving biochar and chicken manure compost enriched with phosphate solubilizing fungi to the growth and production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Andisol soil
Authors: Sembiring M , Hibatullah F H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Phosphorus is considered a primary nutrient for plant growth and is needed to sustain optimum plant production and quality. This research aims to determine the effect of giving oil palm shell biochar and chicken manure compost enriched with phosphate solubilizing fungi on the growth of potato in Andisol soil. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Soil Biology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara. This research used Factorial Randomized Block Design with 2 Treatment Factors and 3 replications. First factor is oil palm shell biochar, namely; control, 210 g/plant, 315 g/plant, 420 g/plant. The second factor is chicken manure compost enriched with phosphate solubilizing fungi, namely; control, 25 g/plant, 50 g/plant, 75 g/plant. The interaction of oil palm shell biochar and chicken manure compost enriched with phosphate solubilizing fungi increased plant height, number of leaf stalks, number of tubers per plant, and tuber weight per plant.
Phytochemical Screening and DPPH Assay of Talas Padang (Colocasia gigantea) Ethanol Leaf Extract
Authors: Widyawati T , Sari D K , Sumantri I B , Mustanti L F , Yusoff N A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The leaf stalk of Talas padang (Colocasia gigantea) is used as a vegetable in parts of Southeast Asia. It leaves has been reported as one of potential natural sources to treat diabetes mellitus, hypertension, immune disease, and cancer. This study aims to determine phytochemical screening and 1,1-diphenyl-2-dipicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test of C. gigantea leaf simplicial and extract. The study was carried out extraction by maceration method using ethanol (96%) followed by phytochemical screening and DPPH test. Both of simplicial and extract contained of alkaloids, glycoside, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids/terpenoids. extract showed weak antioxidant activity as indicated by the assay DPPH value of 143.29 ppm.
Oryzalin delays germination and induces putative polyploidy plants in local North Sumatra garlic (Allium sativum L.)
Authors: Rodiansah A , Sinuraya M , Hanafiah D S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Oryzalin is anti-mitotic herbicide. It has been used to induce polyploidy in several plants. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of oryzalin in inducing polyploids and its physiological effects on North Sumatran local garlic (Allium sativum L.) germination. This study used a factorial completely randomized block design (CRBD). The first factor was oryzalin concentration with 5 treatment levels, namely R1 (0 µM), R2 (100 µM), R3(200 µM), R4 (300 µM) and R5 (400 µM). The second was soaking duration, consisting of H1 (24 hours) and H2 (48 hours). The parameters observed were percentage of germination and sprout morphology, observed at 1 and 3 weeks after treatment. The collected data were processed using ANOVA and if they were significantly different, it was continued with the DMRT test at a 5% significant level. The results showed that oryzalin suppressed garlic germination in the first week, but the effect disappeared and there was no significant difference in germination percentage at 3 weeks after soaking. Treatment with 200 µM for 48 hours and 400 µM oryzalin for 24 hours induced putative polyploidy garlic, the morphological shoot showed higher and thicker leaves than control.
The effect of various natural growth regulatory substances and the origin of stem cuttings on the vegetative growth of white jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.)
Authors: Agustinur  , Harahap E J , Lizmah S F , Muslimah Y , Irfan B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Jasmine is a native plant of the archipelago in Indonesia. Jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.) is a plant that has many ingredients, including as an ornamental plant, the chemical content of jasmine flowers, namely indole, benzyl, livalyacetat, is believed to be able to treat diseases such as headaches, shortness of breath, fever, excess breast milk and eye pain. Shallot extract is one of the natural growth regulators, namely the auxin group which contains indole and naphthalene compounds which function to stimulate the development of adventitious root meristems. Bean sprouts are one type of vegetable that is commonly used for consumption, easy to obtain, has economic value, and does not have toxic compounds. Bean sprout extract contains growth regulators, namely auxins and cytokinins. Based on the research results, it was found that the concentrations of various natural growth regulators were significantly different with respect to the number of shoots, shoot length, and number of leaves. The best treatment of natural growth regulators was found in shallot extract 50% (Z2). The type of cutting material differed significantly with the number of shoots, shoot length, and number of leaves. The best cutting material treatment was found in the middle of the branch (B2).
Performances of 34 shallot accessions in Lembang highland
Authors: Saadah I R , Pinilih J , Faoji N , Azmi C , Soedomo P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Identification of the appearance of shallot accession is needed in the selection of new superior varieties of shallots. Therefore, performance identification of shallot accessions from various parental backgrounds was carried out. Thirty-four shallot accessions were planted on open land in Lembang highlands (1250 m asl) from May to September 2022. The performance of shallot plants was observed starting from percentage of flowering, number of tillers, plant fresh weight, bulb dry weight, weight loss, bulb number, weight, height and diameters of bulbs and cloves. The data were analysed descriptively. The results showed that there were 11 accessions with 100% flowering percentage, 10 accessions with more than 5 tillers per plant, 5 accessions with weight loss potential of less than 40%, 3 accessions with more than 10 bulbs per plant, 6 accessions with bulb weight more than 10 grams, 11 accessions with bulb diameter more than 2.5 cm and 6 accessions with clove diameter more than 2.5 cm. There were 2 accessions that have a combination of superior traits, namely accessions BLK and C89.
Production of biomass and flavonoids in black cumin tissue culture
Authors: Jannah M , Damanik R I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As an herbal plant, the many parts of black cumin are able to cope with various kinds of diseases including viruses. The need to provide bioactive ingredients in that time short is not accompanied by the availability of land and germplasm. With the existence of these problems, tissue culture techniques can be used to addressing the tissue. Callus culture is a heterotrophic cultivation. By paying attention to the large content of secondary metabolite compounds useful ones can be produced through callus induction techniques. Currently, the study has started using MS media, and modification of the type of tissue culture media by adding Picloram of 1 ppm combination with GA3 of 2 ppm can increased the percentage of callus growth. likewise affects the formation of phenolic and flavonoid content of black cumin callus.
Does the COVID-19 epidemic impact on economic sustainability of big agricultural firms in Indonesia?
Authors: Ika S R , Nugroho R A , Santoso B A , Takril N F , Widagdo A K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The current research seeks to determine whether the economic sustainability of large agricultural firms in Indonesia be affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. The agricultural sector’s economic sustainability assures the food supply chain, which ultimately maintains the nation’s food security. In the current research, big agricultural companies are represented by those listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in two consecutive years, 2019 and 2020. Meanwhile, economic sustainability refers to companies’ business performance, which is assessed by some financial ratios, namely the Altman Z-model for forecasting financial difficulties, liquidity, profitability, and leverage. The Altman Z-model is utilized to identify whether the monetary soundness of the business is good, in a precautionary situation, or in bad shape. Surprisingly, our data analysis shows an increase in the sample company’s Z score, liquidity, and profitability from 2019 to 2020. The average Altman Z-score indicates that big agricultural companies are financially healthy. The outcomes of the paired samples t test indicate no disparity in the economic performance of Indonesia’s largest agricultural firms. This study provides evidence that large agricultural companies are resilient in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the poverty status of cassava farmers in the Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Arbianti  , Rahayu E S , Sutrisno J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
International extreme poverty increased in 2020 as the disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic under the power of conflict and climate change slowed progress in poverty reduction. Wonogiri Regency is the largest cassava producer in Central Java, with a poverty rate of 11.55% in 2021. This study aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the poverty status of cassava farmers in the Wonogiri Regency. The analysis method uses the Fosteer-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) index and logistic regression. The analysis showed a poverty index of cassava farmers of 0.254, a poverty gap index of 0.095, and a poverty severity index of 0.036. COVID-19 had an impact on increasing the poverty of cassava farmers. Factors affecting the poverty status of cassava farmers, in addition to COVID-19, are education, farming experience, land area, and farmer group membership. The implication is that it is necessary to increase the intensity of counseling for cassava farming, maximize the participation of farmer groups, use of non-productive land, and regenerate highly educated and quality farmers. The government is expected to stabilize the price of production inputs and selling prices of cassava and establish an agro-industry in farmer groups to increase incomes and reduce the poverty of cassava farmers.
Environmentally friendly method in determining the water content of coffee by NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Ayu P C , Sebayang N U W , Sinamo K N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Coffee quality could be determined from several aspects, one of those is the water content inside. Along the storage, it must be low and for coffee export it must be below 12.5%. Nowadays, the determination of water content is conducted by the chemical method like the gravimetry method which spend time, destructive also can not represent all of the products. Therefore, it is not in line with the industries which need an actual measurement that could measure all of the products nondestructively and also keep considering the environment. This study aimed to develop a PLS model to determine the water content of green bean coffee, nondestructively. This study used green bean coffee from several region in Indonesia with a high range data concentration (7.18% - 12.16%), a NIR wavelength of 1000-2500 nm, followed by determination of water content using gravimetry method. After that, the NIR data was processed using data pretreatment such as normalization, first derivative, second derivative, multiple scatter correction and standard normal variate and followed by the calibration using PLS and validation. Result showed that NIR spectroscopy could be used to calculate the percentage of water inside coffee beans, indicated by high R value above 0.8% and high consistency above 90%.
Volatile compounds of grapefruit (Citrus Grandis (L.) Osbeck) peel essential oil by cold pressing and hydrodistillation methods
Authors: Tran T H , Dao T P , Le X T , Huynh B L , Minh L T N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study of the essential oils (EOs) extraction with high medicinal properties is necessary to contribute to the use of natural compounds. By using cold pressing and hydrodistillation methods, the content of grapefruit peel (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) EOs was extracted. The chemical components of EOs was determined by GC-MS method. Results have shown that 10-12 compounds were detected in the grapefruit peel EOs, which are mainly monoterpenes such as D-Limonene (71.21%-74.83% and γ-Terpinene (15.70%-17.68%). The findings from the present study demonstrated a new research direction on chemical composition of the grapefruit EO, thereby contributing to applications ofthe natural compounds with high medicinal properties from grapefruit.
Development of sustainable arabica coffee fermentation using yeast starter
Authors: Mardhatilah D , Padama F , Ngatirah  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research aims to improve the quality of fermented coffee products, especially in environments with poor quality due to pollution, so that they have limited good microflora. Giving yeast in this study aims to add good microflora in coffee processing. This study used yeast variations and variations in the length of fermentation time to determine their effect on the chemical and organoleptic processes of coffee with the full wash processing method. The design used was a two-factor completely randomized block design. The first factor is yeast concentration in three levels, namely A1 (1%), A2 (3%), A3 (5%). The second factor is fermentation time, B1 (18 hours), B2 (24 hours) and B3 (30 hours). The results showed that there was a significant effect between yeast concentration and fermentation time on the decrease in acidity and sweetness. Fermentation time of 30 hours has a significant effect on reducing sugar and caffeine in coffee. Based on the organoleptic test using the specialty coffee association (SCA), the highest score was obtained at the concentration of 3% yeast addition and 24 hours of fermentation time with a score of 7.18.
Characterization of the addition of crude extract of yellow pumpkin (Cucurbita maschata) as a natural coloring agent in seaweed wet noodles
Authors: Bungsu M A , Tahir M M , Zainal  , Rahmaniar  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The use of pumpkin as a food ingredient can also support government programs to diversify food consumption that is diverse, nutritious, and balanced. Besides containing carbohydrates, pumpkin is also rich in vitamins, especially vitamins A and C which are antioxidants. Carotenoids in pumpkin such as beta-carotene of 1187.23 g/g. It can replace of dye methanil yellow in making seaweed wet noodles. This research was conducted to determine the effect of solvent concentration and extraction time using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method using ethanol with solvent concentrations of 75%, 85%, and 95%. The duration of extraction used was 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes. The parameters observed were moisture content, the color of pumpkin extract, the yield of pumpkin extract, and the density of pumpkin extract. This research was conducted 3 times for replication. The study’s findings indicated that the relationship between solvent concentration and extraction time both a single factor of solvent concentration and extraction time also had a significant effect on the color of pumpkin extract, yield, and density of pumpkin extract. The extraction using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method resulted in a color of 65.56 (b*), a yield of 63.58%, and a density of 48.41g/cm3.
Antioxidant, total phenolic content and physicochemical properties of modified cassava flour
Authors: Khasanah Y , Indrianingsih A W , Triwitono P , Murdiati A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and nutritional properties of the yellow cassava variety called Adira. Sample was freeze dried cassava (cassava); oven dried cassava (cassava flour) and modified cassava flour (mocaf). Antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated using a DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) assay and phenolic content using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Nutritional properties such as water, ash, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate were analyzed. Antioxidant activity was 25.03%, 30,37%, and 31.23% for cassava, cassava flour, and mocaf respectively and in line with phenolic content mocaf had the highest total phenolic content of 3.46 mg/g GAE. Carbohydrate was the major content in Adira mocaf of > 85%, while the other content was protein of 1.44 % - 2.41 %, ash of 2.21 % - 2.85 %, and lipid of 0.04 % - 0.10 %. Analysis by the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) analysis presented the OH group which may have been generated from phenolic and flavonoids compounds in the mocaf.