bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Fluoxetine and Escitalopram on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Serum Potassium Level in Patients of Depression and Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Machhi Truptiben R , Patel Chetna R. , Pandya Sajal K. , Kantharia N. D. 
Published: December 2023

Background The present study was conducted to generate data regarding the effect of fluoxetine as an anti-depressant and escitalopram as an antianxiety agent on heart rate variability (HRV). There is a scarcity of data regarding the correlation between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serum potassium levels. Purpose To find out the effect of SSRIs on HRV, and whether it is either dependent or independent of serum potassium level. Materials and Methods In this prospective, open-label, observational study, 70 participants were enrolled and divided into two groups, the fluoxetine group ( n = 35) and the escitalopram group ( n = 35) suffering from depression and anxiety, respectively. Parameters, like HRV, serum potassium level, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, were measured baseline and after the first, second, and third months of treatment. HRV was calculated by root mean square deviation of successive differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD). ECG (electrocardiogram) was recorded by Physio Pac Digital Polygraph software. All values were expressed as mean ± SD, and statistical analysis was done by using the repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with Greenhouse–Geisser correction, post hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction, and SPSS 20.0 software. Results Among a total of 70 participants, post hoc tests using the Bonferroni correction showed a statistically significant difference between the HRV of the pretreatment group and after the second, and third month of fluoxetine therapy ( p < 0.05). In the escitalopram group, the Bonferroni correction showed a significant difference between the HRV of the pretreatment and third-month value ( p < 0.05). Repeated measure ANOVA with Greenhouse–Geisser correction showed no statistical significance of serum potassium at different time points ( p > 0.05). There were also no significant changes in heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure at different points of time in both groups. Pearson’s correlation coefficient test for a relationship between HRV and serum potassium was negative at different time points. Conclusion Fluoxetine significantly increased HRV from the pretreatment value to the second and third months of treatment, whereas in the escitalopram group of participants, the third-month value of HRV was increased compared to the first month. The effect of SSRIs on HRV was independent of serum potassium levels at different time points suggesting that the effect of SSRIs on HRV was independent of serum potassium level.
Caregiver Engagement in Serious Illness Communication in a Long-Term Acute Care Hospital Setting
Authors: Levoy Kristin , Ashare Rebecca L. , Ganta Niharika , O’Connor Nina , Meghani Salimah H. 
Published: December 2023

Context Prolonged management of critical illnesses in long-term acute care hospitals (LTACH) makes serious illness communication (SIC), a clinical imperative. SIC in LTACH is challenging as clinicians often lack training and patients are typically unable to participate—making caregivers central. Objectives This qualitative descriptive study characterized caregiver engagement in SIC encounters, while considering influencing factors, following the implementation of Ariadne Labs’ SIC training at a LTACH in the Northeastern United States. Methods Clinicians’ documented SIC notes (2019-2020) were analyzed using directed content analysis. Codes were grouped into four categories generated from two factors that influence SIC—evidence of prognostic understanding (yes/no) and documented preferences (yes/no)—and caregiver engagement themes identified within each category. Results Across 125 patient cases, 251 SIC notes were analyzed. In the presence of prognostic understanding and documented preferences, caregivers acted as upholders of patients’ wishes (29%). With prognostic understanding but undocumented preferences, caregivers were postponers of healthcare decision-making (34%). When lacking prognostic understanding but having documented preferences, caregivers tended to be searchers, intent on identifying continued treatment options (13%). With poor prognostic understanding and undocumented preferences, caregivers were strugglers, having difficulty with the clinicians or family unit over healthcare decision-making (21%). Conclusion The findings suggest that two factors—prognostic understanding and documented preferences—are critical factors clinicians can leverage in tailoring SIC to meet caregivers’ SIC needs in the LTACH setting. Such strategies shift attention away from SIC content alone toward factors that influence caregivers’ ability to meaningfully engage in SIC to advance healthcare decision-making.
Boston Keratoprosthesis type 1 (KPro) without contact lens wearing in end-stage corneal disease: The APEC experience
Authors: De Wit-Carter Guillermo , Hernández-Chavarría César , Navarro-Naranjo Pedro-Ivan , Manzanillo-Rosario Cristal , Navarro-Saucedo Ricardo , García-Albisua Ana Mercedes , Hernandez-Quintela Everardo , Cabrera-Martínez Emmanuel , Ordoñez-Ranz Gabriela , Sanchez-Huerta Valeria 
Published: December 2023

Purpose To report the visual outcomes and survival analysis of keratoprosthesis without contact lens wearing in a tertiary eye care hospital in Mexico City, Asociación Para Evitar La Ceguera (APEC, Coyoacán, México). Design Retrospective cohort with survival analysis Participants Twenty-three eyes (22 patients) received KPro type 1 between 2015 and 2020 with a follow-up time of three years. Methods We included analyzed data about past medical history, preoperative diagnosis, best-spectacle visual acuity (BSCVA), postoperative complications and retention rate. Univariate, bivariate and survival analysis were performed and reported. Results The mean age was 58 ± 13.5 years (SD). 60.86% were male patients (14 eyes). Twelve-eyes (52%) achieved a BSCVA of 20/200 or better in the first and second year of follow-up. At 3 years, only 35% achieved 20/200 or better (BSCVA). Retention rate of Boston type 1 KPro was 87% (20 eyes) at 3 years follow-up. The most common complication was retroprosthetic membrane (RPM) which occurred in 9 eyes (39.1%), followed by corneal melting in 7 eyes (30.4%). Conclusions We report the results of a retrospective cohort of twenty-three eyes (22 patients) who were implanted with a Boston type 1 KPro without contact lens wearing to treat corneal blindness. BSCVA improved significantly in most patients achieving 20/200 or better at the 2-year follow-up. Retention rate was 87%, with the presence of RPM as the most common complication.
Indigenous identity identification in administrative health care data globally: A scoping review
Authors: Gray Mandi , Williams Kienan , Oster Richard T. , Bruno Grant , Cooper Annelies , Healy Chyloe , Rich Rebecca , Scott Claringbold Shayla , Teare Gary , Wessel Samara , Henderson Rita I. 
Published: December 2023

Objective Both Indigenous and non-Indigenous governments and organizations have increasingly called for improved Indigenous health data in order to improve health equity among Indigenous peoples. This scoping review identifies best practices, potential consequences and barriers for advancing Indigenous health data and Indigenous data sovereignty globally. Methods A scoping review was conducted to capture the breadth and nature of the academic and grey literature. We searched academic databases for academic records published between 2000 and 2021. We used Google to conduct a review of the grey literature. We applied Harfield’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool (QAT) to all original research articles included in the review to assess the quality of health information from an Indigenous perspective. Results In total, 77 academic articles and 49 grey literature records were included. Much of the academic literature was published in the last 12 years, demonstrating a more recent interest in Indigenous health data. Overall, we identified two ways for Indigenous health data to be retrieved. The first approach is health care organizations asking clients to voluntarily self-identify as Indigenous. The other approach is through data linkage. Both approaches to improving Indigenous health data require awareness of the intergenerational consequences of settler colonialism along with a general mistrust in health care systems among Indigenous peoples. This context also presents special considerations for health care systems that wish to engage with Indigenous communities around the intention, purpose, and uses of the identification of Indigenous status in administrative databases and in health care settings. Partnerships with local Indigenous nations should be developed prior to the systematic collection of Indigenous identifiers in health administrative data. The QAT revealed that many research articles do not include adequate information to describe how Indigenous communities and stakeholders have been involved in this research. Conclusion There is consensus within the academic literature that improving Indigenous health should be of high priority for health care systems globally. To address data disparities, governments and health organizations are encouraged to work in collaboration with local Indigenous nations and stakeholders at every step from conceptualization, data collection, analysis, to ownership. This finding highlights the need for future research to provide transparent explanation of how meaningful Indigenous collaboration is achieved in their research.
Association between non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and the risk of incident dementia: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Sang Hyuk , Han Kyungdo , Park Jongkyu , Park Dong Won , Moon Ji-Yong , Sim Yun Su , Kim Tae-Hyung , Kim Sang-Heon , Sohn Jang Won , Yoon Ho Joo , Lee Hyun , Choi Hayoung 
Published: December 2023

Background Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, are associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, few data are available regarding the risk of dementia in individuals with bronchiectasis. Objectives To explore the association between bronchiectasis and the risk of incident dementia using a longitudinal population-based cohort. Methods A total of 4,068,560 adults older than 50 years without previous dementia were enrolled from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database in 2009. They were followed up until the date of the diagnosis of dementia or December 31, 2020. The study exposure was the diagnosis of bronchiectasis, and the primary outcome was incident dementia comprising Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Results During the median follow-up duration of 9.3 years, the incidence of all-cause dementia was 1.6-fold higher in individuals with bronchiectasis than in those without bronchiectasis (15.0 vs. 9.3/1000 person-years, p < .001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the risk of all dementia was significantly higher in individuals with bronchiectasis than in those without bronchiectasis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.14). In a subgroup analysis by dementia type, individuals with bronchiectasis had an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease compared to those without bronchiectasis (aHR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.12); the risk of vascular dementia did not significantly differ between the two groups (aHR 1.05, 95% CI 0.90–1.21). Conclusion Bronchiectasis was associated with an increased risk of dementia, especially Alzheimer’s disease.
Chemotherapy-induced Emesis: Experienced Burden in Life, and Significance of Treatment Expectations and Communication in Chemotherapy Care
Authors: Widgren Ylva , Silén Marit , Wåhlin Ingrid , Lindberg Magnus , Fransson Per , Efverman Anna 
Published: December 2023

Objective: Because antiemetics have become more effective and integrative therapies such as acupuncture are used in combination with antiemetics, people receiving chemotherapy for cancer today might expect less emesis than in the past. It is not previously described if and how people receiving modern antiemetics during chemotherapy experience emesis. The objective of this study was to describe experiences regarding emesis among persons undergoing emetogenic chemotherapy, and how it affects their quality of life, daily life and work. A further aim was to describe views on the significance of treatment expectations and communication with healthcare personnel while undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. Method: Fifteen participants (median age 62 years, n = 1 man and n = 14 women, with breast (n = 13) or colorectal (n = 2) cancer) undergoing adjuvant or neo-adjuvant highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy were interviewed individually. The data were then analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Three themes described the participants’ experiences: “Your whole life is affected, or continues as usual,” covering descriptions of emesis limiting some participants’ everyday lives, while others experienced no emesis at all or had found ways to manage it. Overall, participants described satisfaction with their antiemetic treatment. “Experiences and expectations more important than information”, that is, the participants reported wanting all the information they could get about possible adverse effects of treatment, although they believed previous experiences were more important than information in creating expectations about treatment outcomes. The participants reported that being seen as a unique person was of utmost importance: “ Meet me as I am.” This creates trust in healthcare personnel and a feeling of safety and security in the situation. Conclusions: These findings underline the importance of person-centered care and support in creating positive treatment expectations. Future research is called for regarding the potential antiemetic effects of positive communication regarding strengthening positive treatment expectations during emetogenic chemotherapy.
Current Characteristics of Herbal Medicine Interventions for Cancer on Clinical Databases: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Youn Bo-Young , Kim Ji-Hyun , Jo Yong-Kyu , Yoon Sanghoon , Im Ji-Yeong , Kim Hyo-Jung , Lee Jae-Dong , Ko Seong-Gyu 
Published: December 2023

Background: The utilization of herbal medicine has been noteworthy for treating cancer; however, there is not enough information regarding the characteristics of clinical trials of herbal medicine interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristic of registered trials using herbal medicine interventions for cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed via the website ClinicalTrials.gov, ISRCTN registry, Chinese clinical trial registry, and international clinical trials registry platform to gather associated registered clinical trials using an advanced search with the developed keyword strategy as of March 26, 2023. All obtainable information from the trials was collected without any restrictions to conduct a comprehensive review. Results: A total of 169 registered trials were included for evaluation. Of all trials, 102 trials were eligible for this study. Countries from Asia registered the most trials (62.75%), and hospitals sponsored most of the trials (42.16%). Randomized, Phase 2, interventional trials were dominant, and approximately 64.71% of the trials anticipated recruiting less than 100 participants. More than half of the trials were from 2016 to 2023 (53.92%). While 45 trials were completed, only 16 trials had results for further analysis. According to the completed results, the types of herbal medicines from the trials mainly focused on lung, breast, and colorectal cancer. Conclusion: This study is the first to explore the characteristics of clinical trials of herbal medicine for cancer registered in large clinical databases. The acquired trials had relatively informative data; however, better-designed trials may be needed for health professionals to consider herbal medicine as an option when treating cancer patients.
Scripts for consensual sex as risk factors for sexual aggression: A three-wave longitudinal study with university students in Germany
Authors: Krahé Barbara , Berger Anja 
Published: December 2023

Background: Sexual aggression is a major problem among young adults. Sexual scripts are cognitive schemata representing typical elements of sexual interactions and serve as guidelines for sexual behavior. They may be linked to the risk of sexual aggression if they contain elements known to be associated with the perpetration of sexual aggression, such as alcohol use, sex with casual partners, and ambiguous communication of sexual intentions. Objectives: The study was designed to examine pathways from risky sexual scripts for consensual sex to risky sexual behavior and sexual aggression perpetration in men and women. Design: The study employed a three-wave longitudinal design with 12-month intervals. Participants were 2425 university students in Germany (58% female). Methods: At each wave (Time 1–Time 3), participants completed measures of risky sexual scripts and risky sexual behavior, defined by three aspects: Casual sex, alcohol consumption, and ambiguous communication of sexual intentions. Reports of sexual aggression perpetration were collected since the age of consent (14 years; Time 1) or in the past 12 months (Time 2 and Time 3) using the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale. Results: Perpetration rates for men were 9.8% at Time 1, 12.2% at Time 2, and 9.5% at Time 3. For female participants, the corresponding rates were 6.0% at Time 1, 6.3% at Time 2, and 5.1% at Time 3. The gender difference was significant at Time 1 and Time 2, but not at Time 3. As hypothesized, more risky sexual scripts prospectively predicted more risky sexual behavior, which predicted a higher risk of sexual aggression perpetration. The findings held for men and women and for participants with exclusively opposite-sex and with both opposite- and same-sex contacts. Conclusion: Scripts for consensual sex may be risk factors for sexual aggression among men and women if they contain elements identified as risk factors for sexual aggression. The findings suggest that changing risky sexual scripts for consensual sex may be a promising strategy for preventing sexual aggression perpetration.
The pivotal role of timing of intravenous thrombolysis bridging treatment prior to endovascular thrombectomy
Authors: Molad Jeremy , Hallevi Hen , Seyman Estelle , Ben-Assayag Einor , Jonas-Kimchi Tali , Sadeh Udi , Rotschild Ofer , Simaan Naaem , Horev Anat , Cohen Jose , Leker Ronen R. , Honig Asaf 
Published: December 2023

Background: The role of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) as bridging treatment prior to endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is under debate and better patient selection is needed. Objectives: As the efficacy and safety of IVT diminish with time, we aimed to examine the impact of bridging treatment within different time frames from symptom onset. Design: A retrospective registry study. Methods: Data were extracted from ongoing prospective EVT registries in two large tertiary centers. The current study included IVT-eligible patients with onset to door (OTD) < 4 h. We examined the efficacy and safety of bridging treatment through a comparison of the IVT + EVT group with the direct-EVT group by different time frames. Results: In all, 408 patients (age 71.1 ± 14.6, 50.6% males) were included, among them 195 received IVT + EVT and 213 underwent direct EVT. Both groups had similar characteristics. In the IVT + EVT group only, longer OTD was associated with lower rates of favorable outcome ( p = 0.021) and higher rates of hemorrhagic transformation (HT; p = 0.001). In patients with OTD ⩽ 2 h, IVT + EVT compared to direct EVT had higher rates of TICI 2b-3 (86.2% versus 80.7%, p = 0.038). In patients with OTD > 2 h, IVT + EVT had lower rates of favorable outcome (33.3% versus 56.9%, p = 0.021), worse discharge National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [7 (2–13) versus 3 (1–8), p = 0.024], and higher rates of HT (34.0% versus 8.5%, p < 0.001). Discussion: In this study, we found OTD times to have a significant effect on the impact of IVT bridging treatment. Our study shows that among patients with OTD < 2 h bridging treatment may be associated with higher rates of successful recanalization. By contrast, in patients with OTD > 2 h, bridging treatment was associated with worse outcomes. Further time-sensitive randomized trials are needed.
MicroRNA-322 Attenuates Cartilage Matrix Degradation in Osteoarthritis via Direct Suppression of TRAF3
Authors: Wang Jirong , Chai Lan , Tang Ying , Wang Guofu , Bao Yizhong , Ma Bo 
Published: December 2023

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease. A growing number of studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of OA. However, the specific function of miR-322 in OA is unknown. This study was aimed to explore the ability of miR-322 in the cartilage matrix degradation and the mechanism in OA. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect miR-322 expression in cartilage and OA-associated gene expression in chondrocytes treated with miR-322 mimics/inhibitors or interleukin (IL)-1β, respectively. The targets of miR-322 were analyzed using software and the luciferase reporter experiment. In vivo, intra-articular injection of miR-322 mimics was administered at the knee of DMM mice. After 12 weeks, the knee joints of mice were collected for histological analysis. Results The expression of miR-322 was decreased in knee cartilage of DMM mice and was significantly reduced by IL-1β. miR-322 mimics inhibited IL-1β-induced extracellular matrix degradation, as evidenced by higher expression of Col2α1 and Aggrecan, and lower expression of Adamts5, MMP3, and MMP13. In contrast, miR-322 inhibitor promoted extracellular matrix degradation of chondrocytes. TRAF3 was the predicted target of miR-322 from databases. Luciferase reporter assay verified the targeting relationship between miR-322 and TRAF3. The effect of miR-322 on extracellular matrix degradation was partially reversed by overexpression of TRAF3. In addition, H&E and Safranin-O fast green staining assays in OA mouse models showed that miR-322 mimics attenuated the progression of OA in vivo. Conclusions miR-322 suppressed chondrocytes matrix degradation and alleviated OA cartilage injury via inhibition of the TRAF3.