bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased IRP1 and IRP2 RNA binding activity accompanies a reduction of the labile iron pool in HFE‐expressing cells*
Authors: Roy Cindy N. , Blemings Kenneth P. , Deck Kathryn M. , Davies Paige S. , Anderson Emily L. , Eisenstein Richard S. , Enns Caroline A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIron regulatory proteins (IRPs), the cytosolic proteins involved in the maintenance of cellular iron homeostasis, bind to stem loop structures found in the mRNA of key proteins involved iron uptake, storage, and metabolism and regulate the expression of these proteins in response to changes in cellular iron needs. We have shown previously that HFE‐expressing fWTHFE/tTA HeLa cells have slightly increased transferrin receptor levels and dramatically reduced ferritin levels when compared to the same clonal cell line without HFE (Gross et al., 1998, J Biol Chem 273:22068‐22074). While HFE does not alter transferrin receptor trafficking or non‐transferrin mediated iron uptake, it does specifically reduce 55Fe uptake from transferrin (Roy et al., 1999, J Biol Chem 274:9022–9028). In this report, we show that IRP RNA binding activity is increased by up to 5‐fold in HFE‐expressing cells through the activation of both IRP isoforms. Calcein measurements show a 45% decrease in the intracellular labile iron pool in HFE‐expressing cells, which is in keeping with the IRP activation. These results all point to the direct effect of the interaction of HFE with transferrin receptor in lowering the intracellular labile iron pool and establishing a new set point for iron regulation within the cell. J. Cell. Physiol. 190: 218–226, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel variant isoform of G‐CSF receptor involved in induction of proliferation of FDCP‐2 cells: Relevance to the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Awaya Norihiro , Uchida Hideo , Miyakawa Yoshitaka , Kinjo Kentaro , Matsushita Hiromichi , Nakajima Hideaki , Ikeda Yasuo , Kizaki Masahiro 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRecent studies have shown that point mutations in granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor receptor (G‐CSFR) are involved in the pathogenesis of severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) and in the transformation of SCN to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). It is reasonably speculated that the abnormalities in the signal transduction pathways for G‐CSF could be partly responsible for the pathogenesis and the development to AML in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Therefore, we investigated the structural and functional abnormalities of the G‐CSFR in 14 patients with MDS and 10 normal subjects. In in vitro colony forming assay, MDS samples showed reduced response to growth factors. However, G‐CSF, but not GM‐CSF and IL‐3, enhanced clonal growth in three cases of high risk patients with MDS (RAEB, RAEB‐t, and MDS having progressed to acute myeloid leukemia (AML)) and one low risk patient (RA). Eight out of 14 patients including above 4 patients demonstrated a common deletion of the G‐CSFR cDNA; a deletion of three nucleotides (2128–2130) in the juxtamembrane domain of the G‐CSFR, which resulted in a conversion of Asn630Arg631 to Lys630. To assess the functional activities of this deletion in the G‐CSFR isoform, a mutant with the same three‐nucleotide deletion was constructed by site‐directed mutagenesis. FDCP‐2 cells expressing the G‐CSFR isoform responded to G‐CSF, and exhibited proliferative responses than did those cells having wild‐type G‐CSFR. Moreover, these isoforms showed prolonged activation of STAT3 in response to G‐CSF than did the wild‐type. These results suggest that the deletion in the juxtamembrane domain of the G‐CSFR gives a growth advantage to abnormal MDS clones and may contribute to the pathogenesis of MDS. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rapamycin‐sensitive phase of 3T3‐L1 preadipocyte differentiation after clonal expansion
Authors: Gagnon Annemarie , Lau Stephen , Sorisky Alexander 
Published: August 2002

AbstractInhibition of insulin‐induced 3T3‐L1 preadipocyte differentiation by rapamycin has been attributed to a blockade of the early critical clonal expansion phase of the adipogenic program. Rapamycin binds to, and inhibits, mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), leading to diminution of p70 S6 kinase activity and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (eIF4E‐BP1) function. Our objective was to determine if rapamycin‐sensitive pathways exist subsequent to the clonal expansion phase. We determined that the mitotic clonal expansion was complete by day 4 of the differentiation protocol, based on the response to Ara‐C (cytosine β‐d‐arabinofuranoside), which only inhibits differentiation when administered during this phase. Treatment of differentiating 3T3‐L1 cells with rapamycin, starting on day 4, exerted potent negative effects on glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase activity, and triacylglycerol accumulation, as well as on the protein expression of adipogenic transcription factors, C/EBPα and PPARγ. Insulin‐stimulated p70 S6 kinase activity, and its inhibition by rapamycin, were comparable in preadipocytes at day 0 vs. day 4 post‐differentiation. We conclude that a component of the adipogenic program, operating after the completion of clonal expansion, is inhibited by rapamycin, suggesting an ongoing need for mTOR function in this process. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulatory issues for phage‐based clinical products
Authors: Withington Roger 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPhage‐based therapeutic products are members of a growing and diverse group of products categorised as ‘biologics’, ‘biologicals’ or ‘biotechnological products’. They are regulated in much the same way as conventional drugs although in America they have their own division at FDA, the Centre for Biologics Evaluation and Research, ‘CBER’ (as opposed to ‘CDER’, the corresponding drugs division). The distinction is important because there are significant differences between the two divisions in the amount of toxicological characterisation, clinical testing and manufacturing data that must be submitted for approval. Also, there are important differences in the extent to which multiparty manufacturing arrangements are permitted. There are a number of regulatory issues surrounding phage‐based clinical products that, if addressed early during product development, will not become blocks to progress later on. The regulatory issues arise in part because of the unique nature of phage‐based clinical products and in part because of their intended clinical use.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of an electric field on the transport of Th(IV) in the presence of Eu(III) and U(VI) through supported liquid membrane containing di‐2‐ethylhexylphosphoric acid
Authors: Gasser M S , Zaki E E , Aly H F 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper investigates the transport of Th(IV) ions in nitric acid media through a supported liquid membrane (SLM) impregnated with di‐2‐ethylhexylphosphoric acid (HDEHP) in kerosene using an electric field. The transport was carried out in a three compartment cell fitted with microporous cellulose nitrate (SLM) and cation exchange membrane (Nafion). The effect of different parameters including nitric acid concentration in the feed solution, HDEHP concentration in the membrane, and HCl concentration were studied. The optimal conditions for Th(IV) transport were 0.1 mol dm−3 HDEHP, 10−3 mol dm−3 HNO3 in the feed solution, 1 mol dm−3 HCl in compartment 2 and 1 mol dm−3 HCl in compartment 3 at 25 °C. Under the optimal conditions of Th(IV) transport the recovery factor after 90 min was 0.25 without applying an electrostatic field, compared with 0.9 when the electric field was applied. The effect of electric current on the flux of Th(IV) through the membrane was also studied. The flux increased as the current density increased from 10 to 30 mA cm−2 to reach a maximum value at 30 mA cm−2 (8 × 10−9 g eq cm−2 s−1). The transport percentages of 0.3 g dm−3 Th(IV) in the presence of 0.1 g dm−3 Eu(III) and 1 g dm−3 U(VI) were 66, 84 and 15%, respectively. The determined selectivities of U(VI)–Th(IV) and Th(IV)–Eu(III) were 0.12 and 0.3, respectively, after 90 min. Therefore, the order of selectivity of this system is Eu(III) > Th(IV) > U(VI).© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of p‐hydroxybenzoic acid 2: Photo‐assisted Fenton oxidation
Authors: Beltran J , Torregrosa J , Dominguez J R , Peres J A 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOxidation of p‐hydroxybenzoic acid in aqueous solution by the photo‐assisted Fenton reaction (Fe2+ + H2O2 + UV) has been studied. The effects of ferrous ion concentration (0.05, 0.14 and 0.29 mmol dm−3), temperature (10, 20, 30 and 40 °C), and initial hydrogen peroxide concentration (0.7, 1.4, 2.2 and 2.9 mmol dm−3) on the p‐hydroxybenzoic acid conversion were established. Experimental results indicate that the kinetics of this oxidation process fits pseudo‐first‐order kinetics well. The overall kinetic rate constant was split into two components: direct oxidation by UV radiation (photolysis) and oxidation by free radicals (mainly OH·) generated in the system. The importance of these two reaction paths for each specific value of ferrous ion concentration, temperature and initial hydrogen peroxide concentration was evaluated. A semi‐empirical expression is proposed for the overall reaction rate which takes into account both oxidation pathways and is a function of operating variables.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Intensification of the bio‐processing of cotton textiles by combined enzyme/ultrasound treatment
Authors: Yachmenev Val G , Bertoniere Noelie R , Blanchard Eugene J 
Published: August 2002

AbstractUtilization of highly specific enzymes for various textile‐processing applications is becoming increasingly popular because of their ability to replace harsh organic/inorganic chemicals currently used by the textile industry. Thus, a significant decrease in the amount and toxicity of textile wastewater effluents is achievable. It was established that ultrasound does not inactivate the complex structures of enzyme molecules and as a consequence there was significant improvement in the performance of both cellulase and pectinase enzymes. The experimental data indicate that the maximum benefit provided by sonication occurs at relatively low enzyme concentrations. Ultrasonic energy significantly intensified enzymatic activity on various types of cotton fabrics, but it did not contribute to a decrease in tensile strength. The combined enzyme/sonication treatment of cellulosic textiles offers significant advantages such as less consumption of expensive enzymes, shorter processing time, less fiber damage and better uniformity of treatment.Published in 2002 for SCI by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Concentration and separation of glycyrrhizic acid by foam separation
Authors: Ma Jun‐Gang , Xiu Zhi‐Long , Zhang Dai‐Jia , Jia Ling‐Yun 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBy the aid of the surface activities of glycyrrhizic acid, foam separation can be used to extract and concentrate it. The effects of operating parameters such as flow rate of air, initial feed concentration, pH and ionic strength on the enrichment ratio and recovery yield of glycyrrhizic acid are investigated in detail. In addition, the influences of other surface‐active substances in solution, such as proteins, on the separation of glycyrrhizic acid are also discussed. The experimental results show that foam separation is a simple and effective method to separate and concentrate glycyrrhizic acid.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
The removal of iron and cobalt from aqueous solutions by ion exchange with Na‐Y zeolite: batch, semi‐batch and continuous operation
Authors: Kim Jong Sung , Keane Mark A 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe removal of single component and binary mixtures of divalent cobalt and iron from water by ion exchange with synthetic Y zeolite has been studied in batch, semi‐batch and continuous modes of operation; the initial metal solution concentration did not exceed 2 mmol dm−3. Binary Co/Na and Fe/Na ion exchange equilibrium isotherms (294 K) are presented wherein exchange site heterogeneity is evident in the case of the iron treatment. Under conditions of stoichiometric ion exchange, removal efficiencies for both cobalt and iron decrease with increasing metal concentration (0.2–2 mmol dm−3) and the values were similar for both metals. Removal of cobalt under transient conditions was found to be temperature dependent. In the fixed bed operation, break‐through behavior was sensitive to changes in both flow rate and inlet concentration. The break‐through profiles for both metals under competitive and non‐competitive conditions are presented; iron removal is lower in the presence of cobalt and vice versa. An in situ regeneration of the fully loaded zeolite by back exchange with sodium is considered and the exchange capacity of the regenerated zeolite is reported. The feasibility of employing cycles of heavy metal uptake/zeolite regeneration is addressed.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Deactivation kinetics of Escherichia coli cells correlated with intracellular superoxide dismutase activity in photoreaction with titanium dioxide particles
Authors: Koizumi Yoshiyuki , Yamada Rumiko , Nishioka Motomu , Matsumura Yoshinobu , Tsuchido Tetsuaki , Taya Masahito 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn the photoreaction of Escherichia coli IM303 (superoxide dismutase (SOD)‐deficient mutant) and MM294 (wild‐type strain) with TiO2 particles, the viability of strain IM303 decreased linearly with photoreaction time, while the time profile of the viability of strain MM294 exhibited a curved form. Using strain MM294 with varied initial SOD activities, the TiO2 photoreaction tests were conducted at incident light intensities of I0 = 4,8 and 14 W m−2, and the time profiles of bacterial viabilities were analyzed on the basis of the series‐event model. The value of n (corresponding to the step number in the series reaction kinetics described by the model) increased with an increase in initial SOD activity (ASOD,0), giving a mean value of ASOD,0/n = 7.1 × 10−9 U cell−1 under the conditions examined. SOD activities in the cells of strain MM294 with ASOD,0 = 1.9 × 10−8 and 4.0 × 10−8 U cell−1 decreased with the progress of photoreaction conducted at I0 = 14 W m−2. The transition of intracellular SOD activities expressed was in agreement with the observed data by considering the changes in bacterial cell populations with varied SOD activities based on the proposed model.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Plantar fibromatosis: Most common sonographic appearance and variations
Authors: Bedi Deepak G. , Davidson David M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to describe the most common sonographic appearances of plantar fibromatosis, thus enabling sonographic diagnosis of this benign, focally invasive fibrous neoplasm.MethodsThe medical records, pathologic reports, and sonographic reports and images of 22 patients with palpable plantar masses were reviewed retrospectively. The sonographic findings were used to characterize those masses with respect to location, shape, size, and echogenicity. Sixteen patients were included in this study because of the proximity of their lesions to the plantar fascia; 6 patients were excluded because their lesions were metatarsophalangeal bursae or ganglia.ResultsThe 20 feet examined in the 16 patients studied contained 43 distinct lesions, all located on the surface of the plantar fascia. Thirty‐seven (86%) of the 43 were 20 mm long or less. Thirty‐seven (86%) of the 43 lesions were elongated; the remaining 6 (14%) were round or oval. Twenty‐five (68%) of the 37 elongated lesions had tapered ends, and the other 12 (32%) had rounded ends. Thirty‐one (72%) of the 43 lesions were hypoechoic; 25 (81%) of these 31 measured as long as 10 mm. Ten (83%) of the 12 lesions that had mixed echogenicity were longer than 10 mm.ConclusionsThe lesions of plantar fibromatosis were characteristically located on the surface of the plantar fascia, sagittally elongated, most often less than 20 mm long, fusiform, and hypoechoic. Lesions longer than 10 mm often exhibited mixed echogenicity. The superficial location and appearance should strongly suggest plantar fibromatosis, although careful examination is required to exclude other possibilities, such as sarcoma. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 29:499–505, 2001.
Computed tomographic and transcranial Doppler sonographic findings in acute and subacute phases of middle cerebral artery strokes
Authors: Leányvári Zsolt , Vastagh Ildikó , Fülesdi Béla , Szirmai Imre , Lengyel András , Csiba László , Bereczki Dániel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to compare the sensitivities of visual and densitometric analyses of CT scans and transcranial Doppler sonograms (TCD) in detecting early changes in acute stroke.MethodsCT and TCD were each performed twice in 12 patients; first in the acute phase (within 28 hours of stroke onset), then in the subacute phase (mean ± standard deviation, 6 ± 3 days after onset) of a stroke. Hypodensity on the CT scans was evaluated visually, and the optical density of both the stroke region and the corresponding region on the unaffected side was measured. Measurement of flow parameters in the middle cerebral artery was carried out with TCD before or shortly (within 4 hours) after CT scanning.ResultsIn the acute phase, blood flow velocities were significantly lower on the affected side than they were on the unaffected side (means, 42 ± 13 and 55 ± 25 cm/second, respectively; p = 0.012). Marked asymmetry in flow velocity was found in 3 of the 4 patients who had normal CT scans in the acute phase. The asymmetry in flow velocity disappeared by the sixth day after the stroke. The resistance index did not correlate with the final infarct size.ConclusionsIn some patients, the use of TCD in acute stroke may show alterations that reflect tissue damage that is undetectable on CT. Therefore, CT and TCD should be considered complementary diagnostic tools in the acute phase of stroke. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:33–37, 2002.
Endoanal sonography in the assessment of perianal endometriosis with external anal sphincter involvement
Authors: Hernández‐Magro Paulino Martínez , Villanueva Sáenz Eduardo , Alvarez‐Tostado Fernández Fernando , Luis Rocha Ramírez José , Valdés Ovalle Miguel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEndoanal sonography can be used in the assessment of benign and malignant anal conditions and to evaluate the anatomy of the anal sphincters. We used endoanal sonography with a 10‐MHz rotating endocavitary probe to evaluate a 45‐year‐old woman with a perianal mass, fecal incontinence, and menses‐associated perianal pain. She had had 2 vaginal deliveries requiring episiotomies. Biopsy of the mass showed endometrial tissue. The ultrasound examination showed a perianal mass and an external anal sphincter injury. A wide excision and sphincteroplasty were performed, with improvement of fecal continence and pain. Histopathologic examination of the mass confirmed perianal endometrioma in an episiotomy scar. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:245–248, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcu.10055
Diagnosis of an intracranial arteriovenous malformation using extracranial carotid doppler sonography
Authors: Anbarasu Arangasamy , Gould Derek A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCarotid sonography is a well‐established technique in the evaluation of patients with neurologic symptoms. We describe the case of a woman in whom duplex Doppler sonography of the extracranial carotid circulation showed high‐velocity diastolic flow and a low resistance index without turbulence or morphologic abnormality of the artery. A suspected cause of this finding was low‐resistance distal circulation secondary to low‐resistance intracranial circulation due to an arteriovenous malformation. This diagnosis was later confirmed by CT. Because of the significant risk of bleeding associated with an asymptomatic intracranial arteriovenous malformation, duplex Doppler sonographic findings suggesting a low‐resistance waveform in the presence of a morphologically normal carotid artery should prompt further imaging. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:249–252, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcu.10061
Sonographically guided removal of a double J ureteral stent in an infant
Authors: Jutti Ramesh C. , Subramaniam Raman , Balsingh Davaraj , Qureshi Akhtar M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA 2‐month‐old male infant with a prenatally diagnosed obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction underwent a dismembered Anderson‐Hynes pyeloplasty. A transanastomotic double J ureteral stent was placed between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder. This report describes the subsequent removal of the double J ureteral stent from the patient's urinary bladder without the aid of a cystoscope: a rigid biopsy forceps was introduced trans‐urethrally into the urinary bladder, and the stent was removed with sonographic guidance. Removal of a ureteral stent with sonographic guidance has not been previously reported in infants. This technique may be particularly useful in developing countries, where appropriate‐sized cystoscopes and accessories may not be available. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:232–235, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcu.10062
Sonographic appearance of a free‐floating atheromatous plaque in a patient with acute stroke
Authors: Cho Yong Pil , Kwon Tae Won , Kim Geun Eun 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report the case of a neurologically unstable acute stroke patient in whom carotid sonography identified the need for emergency carotid surgery because of an increased risk of distal embolization from a free‐floating atheromatous plaque. Longitudinal and transverse sonograms revealed a 6‐mm free‐floating thrombus loosely attached to the wall of the left common carotid artery. During emergency surgery, a free‐floating atheromatous plaque was seen at this location, along with extensive atheromatous lesions. The diseased segment of the common carotid artery was resected and repaired with an interposition graft, and the patient recovered uneventfully, with no recurrence of stroke. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:317–321, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www. interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcu.10064