bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allyl isothiocyanate induces DNA damage and inhibits DNA repair‐associated proteins in a human gastric cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Shih Yung‐Luen , Hsu Sheng‐Yao , Lai Kuang‐Chi , Chueh Fu‐Shin , Huang Yuan‐Li , Kuo Chao‐Lin , Chen Yung‐Liang , Chen Chiung‐Ju , Peng Shu‐Fen , Huang Wen‐Wen , Lu Hsu‐Fen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAllyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is abundant in cruciferous vegetables and it present pharmacological activity including anticancer activity in many types of human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Currently, no available information to show AITC affecting DNA damage and repair‐associated protein expression in human gastric cancer cells. Therefore, in the present studies, we investigated AITC‐induced cytotoxic effects on human gastric cancer in AGS and SNU‐1 cells whether or not via the induction of DNA damage and affected DNA damage and repair associated poteins expressions in vitro. Cell viability and morphological changes were assayed by flow cytometer and phase contrast microscopy, respectively, the results indicated AITC induced cell morphological changes and decreased total viable cells in AGS and SNU‐1 cells in a dose‐dependently. AITC induced DNA condensation and damage in a dose‐dependently which based on the cell nuclei was stained by 4′, 6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole present in AGS and SNU‐1 cells. DNA damage and repair associated proteins expression in AGS and SNU‐1 cells were measured by Western blotting. The results indicated AITC decreased nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2), heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), glutathione, and catalase, but increased superoxide dismutase (SOD (Cu/Zn)), and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in AGS cells, however, in SNU‐1 cells are increased HO‐1. AITC increased DNA‐dependent protein kinase (DNA‐PK), phosphorylation of gamma H2A histone family member X on Ser139 (γH2AXpSer139), and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) in AGS cells. AITC increased DNA‐PK, mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 (MDC1), γH2AXpSer139, topoisomerase II alpha (TOPIIα), topoisomerase II beta (TOPIIβ), HSP90, and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in SNU‐1 cells. AITC increased p53, p53pSer15, and p21 but decreased murine double minute 2 (MDM2)pSer166 and O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in AGS cells; however, it has a similar effect of AITC except increased ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3‐related protein (ATR)pSer428, checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), and checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) in SNU‐1 cells. Apparently, both cell responses to AITC are different, nonetheless, all of these observations suggest that AITC inhibits the growth of gastric cancer cells may through induction off DNA damage in vitro.
Chronic arsenite exposure induced skeletal muscle atrophy by disrupting angiotensin II‐melatonin axis in rats
Authors: Chen Wanying , Wang Dapeng , Ma Lu , Wu Fan , Ren Qian , Tao Junyan , Chen Xiong , Zhang Aihua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArsenic is a well‐known environmental toxicant and emerging evidence suggests that arsenic exposure has potential skeletal muscle toxicity; however, the underlying mechanism has not yet been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation among adverse effects of subchronic and chronic environmental arsenic exposure on skeletal muscle as well as specific myokines secretion and angiotensin II (AngII)–melatonin (MT) axis in rats. Four‐week‐old rats were exposed to arsenite (iAs) in drinking water at environmental relevant concentration of 10 ppm for 3 or 9 months. Results indicated that the gastrocnemius muscle had atrophied and its mass was decreased in rats exposed to arsenite for 9 months, whereas, they had no significant changes in rats exposed to arsenite for 3 months. The levels of serum‐specific myokine irisin and gastrocnemius muscle insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) were increased in 3‐month exposure group and decreased in 9‐month exposure group, while serum myostatin (MSTN) was increased significantly in 9‐month exposure group. In addition, serum AngII level increased both in 3‐ and 9‐month exposure groups, while serum MT level increased in 3‐month exposure group and decreased in 9‐month exposure group. Importantly, the ratio of AngII to MT level in serum increased gradually with the prolongation of arsenite exposure. It showed a certain correlation between AngII–MT axis and gastrocnemius muscle mass, gastrocnemius muscle level of IGF‐1 or serum levels of irisin and MSTN. In conclusion, the disruption of AngII–MT axis balance may be a significant factor for skeletal muscle atrophy induced by chronic environmental arsenic exposure.
Inhabiting the Landscape Through Access Rights and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vergunst Jo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter is about the kinds of inhabitation of the landscape that are made possible by outdoor access rights in Scotland, with reference to walking during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparisons are also made to the Nordic practice of allemansrätten. The pandemic was a particularly acute example of how political and legal structures can shape the everyday experience of movement, and in some ways also brought to light the ways in which governance is reified and made real through ordinary life. In Scotland, outdoor access rights were severely curtailed during the pandemic, but at the same time they were enacted locally in distinctive ways. The perceived ‘margins’ of the landscape were no longer the remote rural parts of the country, but instead became the previously unthought-about and sometimes unnoticed surroundings in people’s immediate lifeworlds. Margins came much closer to home and the forms of mobility used to access them changed. I use Glick Schiller and Salazar’s concept of ‘regimes of mobilities’ to explore the regulation and surveillance of local mobilities in the pandemic, and Salazar’s distinction of essential and existential mobilities to explore people’s responses. Aesthetic relationships with landscape were also grounded in everyday, close to home movements.
Mann-Type Inertial Projection and Contraction Method for Solving Split Pseudomonotone Variational Inequality Problem with Multiple Output Sets
Authors: Alakoya T. O. , Mewomo O. T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the concept of split variational inequality problem with multiple output sets when the cost operators are pseudomonotone and non-Lipschitz. We introduce a new Mann-type inertial projection and contraction method with self-adaptive step sizes for approximating the solution of the problem in the framework of Hilbert spaces. Under some mild conditions on the control parameters and without prior knowledge of the operator norms, we prove a strong convergence theorem for the proposed algorithm. We point out that while the cost operators are non-Lipschitz, our proposed method does not require any linesearch method but uses a more efficient self-adaptive step size technique that generates a non-monotonic sequence of step sizes. Finally, we apply our result to study certain classes of optimization problems and we present several numerical experiments to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method. Several of the existing results in the literature could be viewed as special cases of our result in this study.
Design and synthesis of novel cycloalkanecarboxamide parabanic acid hybrids as anticonvulsants
Authors: Abd-Allah Walaa Hamada , Abd El-Maksoud Mohamed Samir , Elbaset Marawan A. , Hessin Alyaa F. , Hassan Rasha Mohamed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAiming to develop novel anticonvulsant agents a new series of novel cycloalkanecarboxamide parabanic acid hybrids series8,9and10possessing the essential structure requirements for anticonvulsant activity was synthesized starting from cycloalkanones. All final target compounds were primary screened for chemically and electrically induced seizures using pentylenetetrazole “scPTZ” and maximal electroshock seizure “MES” models. In phase I anticonvulsant evaluation compounds8band10bexhibited the highest potency among all the target compounds with 100% protection towards chemically induced seizures. Results of phase II anticonvulsant screening showed that compounds8band10bare more potent than standard drug ethosuximide by about 11 and 9 fold, respectively. Regarding MES test, compounds8band9a-dexhibited 100% protection with ED50values ranged between 0.107–0.177 mmol/Kg. All final compounds did not display any signs of motor impairment in the neurotoxicity screening test. Also, compounds8a,9a-dand10bwere devoid of hepatotoxicity as shown by measurement of serum levels of liver enzymes, albumin as well as total protein. Moreover, the cyclohexyl derivative10bproduced a significant increase of Gamma-aminobutyric acid “GABA” brain’s content of mice compared to control group confirmed its GABAergic modulating activity. Molecular docking, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties were carried out for all compounds as well. These outcomes support that cycloalkanecarboxamide parabanic acid hybrid is a promising scaffold to pave the way towards further development of novel class of antiepileptic drugs.
Clinical trials on curcumin in relation to its bioavailability and effect on malignant diseases: critical analysis
Authors: Khosravi Marten A. , Seifert Roland 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCurcumin is an ingredient of the root Curcuma longa, which is responsible for the characteristic yellow color of curcuma. Curcumin is said to have the potential ability to fight malignant diseases and to have an anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, it is used as a dietary supplement. However, one problem with the use of curcumin is its extremely low bioavailability. The aim of this study is to systematically review and critically analyze clinical studies related to the pharmacokinetics (or bioavailability) and to the use of curcumin in the treatment of malignant diseases. The platforms clinicaltrials.gov and PubMed served as the database for the literature research. A total of 293 available studies on curcumin were filtered according to their focus (bioavailability, therapy of malignant diseases) and other criteria (study results, main substance, topic reference, existing disease/other research purpose, reference to malignant diseases). The studies were further analyzed regarding their outcome measures, their design (number of participants, randomization, placebo group, masking, ethical standards, sponsor, primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, study bias) and their findings. The analysis failed to convincingly demonstrate that curcumin has a significant, positive effect on the therapy of malignant diseases. Regarding the increase in bioavailability, positive results have been obtained, which are in proximity to the pharmaceutical industry. Independent studies could not achieve increased bioavailability of curcumin. The available reviews in the literature also do not provide convincing evidence for the efficacy of curcumin. Thus, at the time being, the use of curcumin in malignant diseases is not justified scientifically.
Mitigating effect of ferulic acid on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced neurocognitive dysfunction in male rats with a comprehensive in silico survey
Authors: Khalifa Mhasen , Fayed Rabie H. , Ahmed Yasmine H. , Sedik Ahmed A. , El-Dydamony Nehad M. , Khalil Heba M. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDi-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most abundant phthalate threatening public health-induced neurotoxicity. This neurotoxicity is associated with behavioral and biochemical deficits in male rats. Our study investigated the neuroprotective effect of ferulic acid (FA) on male rats exposed to DEHP. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups. Group I control rats received corn oil, group II intoxicated rats received 300 mg/kg of DEHP, group III received 300 mg/kg of DEHP + 50 mg/kg of FA, and group IV received 50 mg/kg of FA, all agents administrated daily per os for 30 days. Anxiety-like behavior, spatial working memory, and recognition memory were assessed. Also, brain oxidative stress biomarkers, including brain malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured. Moreover, brain histopathology examinations associated with immunohistochemistry determination of brain caspase-3 were also evaluated. Furthermore, docking simulation was adapted to understand the inhibitory role of FA on caspase-3 and NO synthase. Compared to DEHP-intoxicated rats, FA-treated rats displayed improved cognitive memory associated with a reduced anxious state. Also, the redox state was maintained with increased BNDF levels. These changes were confirmed by restoring the normal architecture of brain tissue and a decrement in the immunohistochemistry caspase-3. In conclusion, FA has potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties that confirm the neuroprotective activity of FA, with a possible prospect for its therapeutic capabilities and nutritional supplement value.
The potential effects of climate change on the climatic suitability patterns of the Western Asian vectors and parasites of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the mid- and late twenty-first century
Authors: Trájer Attila J. , Grmasha Ruqayah Ali 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClimate change alters the global distribution of leishmaniasis vector sandfly species. However, the possible effect of altering environmental factors on sandfly species varies by species and area. The aim of this study was to project the future potential effect of climate change on the Western Asian occurrence of the sandfly vector species Phlebotomus papatasi and Phlebotomus sergenti and the parasites Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica for 2041–2060 and 2081–2100 compared to their modelled climatic suitability patterns in the reference period 1970–2000. The model results suggest that by 2041–2060 and 2081–2100, in the coastal areas of the Levantine countries and the mid-elevation regions of Western Iran and Southeast Turkey, the climatic suitability of all the studied species is predicted to increase. In contrast, the model results suggest the decline of the populations of the studied vectors as well as the disappearance of the parasites in Iraq, North Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the inland regions of Western Asian countries. Considering the present-day population density patterns, it can be said that although in large regions of the region, the climatic suitability values are predicted to decrease, the populated Levantine regions seem to be at risk of climate change-facilitated increase in cutaneous leishmaniasis in the second half of the twenty-first century. The model results suggest that climate change will especially increase the climatic suitability of Leishmania tropica in the Levantine region in the late twenty-first century.
Cognitive abnormalities in Becker muscular dystrophy: a mysterious link between dystrophin deficiency and executive functions
Authors: Pezzoni Laura , Brusa Roberta , Difonzo Teresa , Magri Francesca , Velardo Daniele , Corti Stefania , Comi Giacomo Pietro , Saetti Maria Cristina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Distrophinopathies are a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders due to mutations in the DMD gene. Different isoforms of dystrophin are also expressed in the cerebral cortex and Purkinje cells. Despite cognitive abnormalities in Duchenne muscular dystrophy subjects that have been described in the literature, little is known about a comprehensive cognitive profile in Becker muscular dystrophy patients.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess cognitive functioning in Becker muscular dystrophy patients by using an extensive neuropsychological battery. Our hypothesis is that the most impaired functions are the highly intentional and conscious ones, such as working memory functions, which require a prolonged state of cellular activation.

Methods
We performed an extensive neuropsychological assessment on 28 Becker muscular dystrophy patients from 18 to 65 years old. As control subjects, we selected 20 patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, whose clinical picture was similar except for cognitive integrity. The evaluation, although extended to all areas, was focused on prefrontal control skills, with a distinction between inhibitory processes of selective attention and activating processes of working memory.

Results and conclusions
Significant underperformances were found exclusively in the Dual Task and PASAT tests, to demonstrate a selective impairment of working memory that, while not causing intellectual disability, reduces the intellectual potential of patients with Becker muscular dystrophy.
Young Love “Locked Down”: Adolescent and Young Adult Perspectives on Sexting During the Covid-19 Pandemic in England
Authors: Setty Emily , Dobson Emma 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere were limited opportunities for in-person social, intimate, and sexual interactions in England during 2020–2021, due to restrictions imposed by the UK government in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. While previous studies examined the effects of lockdown on intimate relationships, there is less qualitative research regarding young people’s perspectives on and experiences of digitally mediated intimacy (sexting) during the period. This paper discusses findings from focus groups with 80 adolescents and interviews with 38 young adults that explored the topic. Analysis identified a normalization of non-consensual distribution of intimate images within adolescent peer culture and a reluctance to report or intervene in response to incidents of non-consensual distribution that are witnessed or experienced. The adolescent girls and young adult women also described other forms of unwanted and invasive image-sharing and requests for images. Young adults held various perspectives on sexting during lockdown, with some describing sexting as unfulfilling and/or “risky” and others sharing experiences of using sexting to generate intimacy and, among some, engaging in unwanted sexting with partners. By considering both adolescent and young adult perspectives obtained through focus groups and interviews, the study highlighted how group-level norms and meanings surrounding the risks and rewards of sexting may be reproduced or reworked as individuals transition from adolescence to young adulthood. The study underscores the need to support adolescents and young adults in cultivating healthy digital sexual cultures and interpersonal relationships.
Impact of invasive European catfish (Silurus glanis) on the fish community of Torrejón reservoir (Central Spain) during a 11-year monitoring study
Authors: Encina Lourdes , Rodríguez-Ruiz Amadora , Orduna Carlos , Cid Juan Ramón , de Meo Ilaria  , Granado-Lorencio Carlos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe European catfish (Silurus glanis) has been described as an invasive species exerting a relevant impact on the native fauna of the ecosystems where it is introduced. However, the lack of long-term data and the low catchability of this species with traditional methods have often made it difficult to evaluate its real impact. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the invasive European catfish on the fish community of the Torrejón reservoir (Tagus River, Spain) using both direct fishing and indirect hydroacoustic methods. This study is the result of eleven years of monitoring. The results evidence the impact of European catfish on the reservoir fish assemblage, especially on the Iberian barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei) which significantly decreased its abundance and biomass from 2010 to 2020. The size structure of the fish assemblages in the reservoir allowed the use of hydroacoustic methodology to discriminate and monitor the population of European catfish. Throughout the 11 years of study, statistically significant differences were identified in the abundance of European catfish as a function of the reservoir´s area (dam - tail axis) and of the limnological period (summer vs. winter), while no significant differences were found in relation to bathymetry (surface - bottom axis). We can conclude that S. glanis has currently established in the Torrejón reservoir leading to the decrease of the Iberian barbel population, the only autochthonous species that persisted in the reservoir and dominated the fish community before the appearance of European catfish.
PLA bio-nanocomposites reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) for 3D printing applications
Authors: Agbakoba V. C. , Mokhena T. C. , Ferg E. E. , Hlangothi S. P. , John M. J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study deals with the development of 3D printable bionanocomposites using poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with ≤ 2% D-lactic acid content and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). The CNFs were extracted from the waste sawdust of Eucalyptus grandis via chemical and mechanical techniques. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the CNFs were thermally stable within the intended processing temperature ranges. In this study, a combination of solvent casting and melt extrusion techniques was adopted in the production of PLA containing 1 wt% and 3 wt% CNFs. The neat PLA filament was brittle and frequently broke during fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing. However, the incorporation of triacetin as a green plasticizer resulted in improved filament flexibility and eliminated the inherent brittleness. TGA analysis revealed a slight reduction in the degradation temperature of the bionanocomposites when compared to neat polymer; however, all the specimens were thermally stable within the processing temperature. The scanning electron microscopy images of the 3D printed specimens revealed the presence of voids across the fracture surfaces. The tensile analysis of 3D printed specimens revealed that the PLA/CNF bionanocomposites exhibited higher tensile modulus, and elongation (strain) when compared to PLA-based specimens. The tensile strength of the 3D-printed 1 wt% bionanocomposite specimen was 12% higher than that of the neat specimen, whereas the 3 wt% bionanocomposite remained comparable to neat PLA. In summary, the morphological, tensile and 3D printing analysis revealed that the bionanocomposite filaments possessed adequate roundness, flexibility, and strength. The as-prepared filaments performed well under low printing temperatures without warping.