bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic stability and functional activity may be lost in telomerase-transduced human CD8+ T lymphocytes
Authors: Schreurs Marco W. J. , Hermsen Mario A. J. A. , Geltink Ramon I. Klein , Scholten Kirsten B. J. , Brink Antoinette A. T. P. , Kueter Esther W. M. , Tijssen Marianne , Meijer Chris J. L. M. , Ylstra Bauke , Meijer Gerrit A. , Hooijberg Erik 
Published: July 2005

AbstractTo obtain the large amount of T cells required for adoptive immunotherapy in a clinical setting, T-cell lifespan extension by human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) transduction is of particular interest. However, constitutive expression of hTERT is associated with malignant transformation and thus warrants a detailed evaluation of the safety of hTERT-transduced T cells before clinical application. In view of this, we performed an extensive cytogenetic analysis of hTERT-transduced MART-1 (melanoma antigen recognized by T cell 1)–and human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E7–specific human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), reactive against melanoma and cervical carcinoma, respectively. Our results, obtained by (spectral) karyotyping and array comparative genomic hybridization, showed the development of minor chromosomal aberrations in an hTERT-transduced MART-1–specific CTL clone, whereas severe clonal aberrations were detected in an hTERT-transduced HPV16 E7–specific CTL clone. Furthermore, hTERT transduction did not protect CTLs from immunosenescence, because the HPV16 E7–specific, hTERT-transduced CTL clone showed a decreased functional activity on prolonged culture. Although the general frequency of major chromosomal aberrations in hTERT-transduced CTLs and the in vivo significance of our observations remain still unclear at this point, the currently available data suggest that clinical application of hTERT-transduced CTLs should proceed with caution.
Toll-like receptor 2 expression is decreased on alveolar macrophages in cigarette smokers and COPD patients
Authors: Droemann Daniel , Goldmann Torsten , Tiedje Thorsten , Zabel Peter , Dalhoff Klaus , Schaaf Bernhard 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackroundCigarette smoke exposure including biologically active lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the particulate phase of cigarette smoke induces activation of alveolar macrophages (AM) and alveolar epithelial cells leading to production of inflammatory mediators. This represents a crucial mechanism in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Respiratory pathogens are a major cause of exacerbations leading to recurrent cycles of injury and repair. The interaction between pathogen-associated molecular patterns and the host is mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRR's). In the present study we characterized the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)- 2, TLR4 and CD14 on human AM compared to autologous monocytes obtained from patients with COPD, healthy smokers and non-smokers.MethodsThe study population consisted of 14 COPD patients without evidence for acute exacerbation, 10 healthy smokers and 17 healthy non-smokers stratified according to age. The expression of TLR2, TLR4 and CD14 surface molecules on human AM compared to autologous monocytes was assessedex vivousing FACS analysis.In situhybridization was performed on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells by application of the new developed HOPE-fixative.ResultsThe expression of TLR2, TLR4 and CD14 on AM from COPD patients, smokers and non-smokers was reduced as compared to autologous monocytes. Comparing AM we detected a reduced expression of TLR2 in COPD patients and smokers. In addition TLR2 mRNA and protein expression was increased after LPS stimulation on non-smokers AM in contrast to smokers and COPD patients.ConclusionOur data suggest a smoke related change in the phenotype of AM's and the cellular response to microbial stimulation which may be associated with impairment of host defenses in the lower respiratory tract.
Cloning and functional characterization of the rabbit C-C chemokine receptor 2
Authors: Lu Deshun , Yuan Xiu-juan , Evans Robert J , Pappas Amy T , Wang He , Su Eric W , Hamdouchi Chafiq , Venkataraman Chandrasekar 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackgroundCC-family chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is implicated in the trafficking of blood-borne monocytes to sites of inflammation and is implicated in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and atherosclerosis. The major challenge in the development of small molecule chemokine receptor antagonists is the lack of cross-species activity to the receptor in the preclinical species. Rabbit models have been widely used to study the role of various inflammatory molecules in the development of inflammatory processes. Therefore, in this study, we report the cloning and characterization of rabbit CCR2. Data regarding the activity of the CCR2 antagonist will provide valuable tools to perform toxicology and efficacy studies in the rabbit model.ResultsSequence alignment indicated that rabbit CCR2 shares 80 % identity to human CCR2b. Tissue distribution indicated that rabbit CCR2 is abundantly expressed in spleen and lung. Recombinant rabbit CCR2 expressed as stable transfectants in U-937 cells binds radiolabeled125I-mouse JE (murine MCP-1) with a calculatedKdof 0.1 nM. In competition binding assays, binding of radiolabeled mouse JE to rabbit CCR2 is differentially competed by human MCP-1, -2, -3 and -4, but not by RANTES, MIP-1α or MIP-1β. U-937/rabbit CCR2 stable transfectants undergo chemotaxis in response to both human MCP-1 and mouse JE with potencies comparable to those reported for human CCR2b. Finally, TAK-779, a dual CCR2/CCR5 antagonist effectively inhibits the binding of125I-mouse JE (IC50= 2.3 nM) to rabbit CCR2 and effectively blocks CCR2-mediated chemotaxis.ConclusionIn this study, we report the cloning of rabbit CCR2 and demonstrate that this receptor is a functional chemotactic receptor for MCP-1.
Histone acetylation and histone deacetylase activity of magnesium valproate in tumor and peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer. A phase I study
Authors: Chavez-Blanco Alma , Segura-Pacheco Blanca , Perez-Cardenas Enrique , Taja-Chayeb Lucia , Cetina Lucely , Candelaria Myrna , Cantu David , Gonzalez-Fierro Aurora , Garcia-Lopez Patricia , Zambrano Pilar , Perez-Plasencia Carlos , Cabrera Gustavo , Trejo-Becerril Catalina , Angeles Enrique , Duenas-Gonzalez Alfonso 
Published: July 2005

Abstract

Background
The development of cancer has been associated with epigenetic alterations such as aberrant histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. It was recently reported that valproic acid is an effective inhibitor of histone deacetylases and as such induces tumor cell differentiation, apoptosis, or growth arrest.

Methods
Twelve newly diagnosed patients with cervical cancer were treated with magnesium valproate after a baseline tumor biopsy and blood sampling at the following dose levels (four patients each): 20 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg, or 40 mg/kg for 5 days via oral route. At day 6, tumor and blood sampling were repeated and the study protocol ended. Tumor acetylation of H3 and H4 histones and HDAC activity were evaluated by Western blot and colorimetric HDAC assay respectively. Blood levels of valproic acid were determined at day 6 once the steady-state was reached. Toxicity of treatment was evaluated at the end of study period.

Results
All patients completed the study medication. Mean daily dose for all patients was 1,890 mg. Corresponding means for the doses 20-, 30-, and 40-mg/kg were 1245, 2000, and 2425 mg, respectively. Depressed level of consciousness grade 2 was registered in nine patients. Ten patients were evaluated for H3 and H4 acetylation and HDAC activity. After treatment, we observed hyperacetylation of H3 and H4 in the tumors of nine and seven patients, respectively, whereas six patients demonstrated hyperacetylation of both histones. Serum levels of valproic acid ranged from 73.6–170.49 μg/mL. Tumor deacetylase activity decreased in eight patients (80%), whereas two had either no change or a mild increase. There was a statistically significant difference between pre and post-treatment values of HDAC activity (mean, 0.36 vs. 0.21, two-tailed t test p < 0.0264). There was no correlation between H3 and H4 tumor hyperacetylation with serum levels of valproic acid.

Conclusion
Magnesium valproate at a dose between 20 and 40 mg/kg inhibits deacetylase activity and hyperacetylates histones in tumor tissues.
Determination of the relative amounts of Gag and Pol proteins in foamy virus particles
Authors: Cartellieri Marc , Rudolph Wolfram , Herchenröder Ottmar , Lindemann Dirk , Rethwilm Axel 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
We determined the relative ratios of Gag and Pol molecules in highly purified virions of spumaretroviruses or foamy viruses (FVs) using monoclonal antibodies and bacterially expressed reference proteins. We found that the cleaved p68Gag moiety dominates in infectious FVs. Furthermore, approximate mean ratios in FV are 16:1 (pr71Gag plus p68Gag:p85RT),12:1 (p68Gag:p85RT), and 10:1 (pr71Gag plus p68Gag:p40IN). Thus, the results indicate that FVs have found a way to incorporate approximately as much Pol protein into their capsids as orthoretroviruses, despite a completely different Pol expression strategy.
Estimated Fall Chinook Salmon Survival to Emergence in Dewatered Redds in a Shallow Side Channel of the Columbia River
Authors: McMichael Geoffrey A. , Rakowski Cindy L. , James Brenda B. , Lukas Joe A. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha often spawn in the tailraces of large hydroelectric dams on the Columbia River. Redds built in shallow habitats downstream of these dams may be periodically dewatered as a result of load-following operations and subsequent changes in water surface elevation before the fry emerge. To determine whether fall Chinook salmon redds in a shallow area subjected to periodic dewatering downstream of Wanapum Dam on the Columbia River produced live fry, we installed seven redd caps and monitored emergence. Large numbers of live fry were captured from the redds between March 9 and May 18, 2003. Estimated survival from egg to fry for these redds, which were dewatered approximately 3.1% of the time during the posthatch intragravel rearing period, ranged from 16.9% to 66.6% and averaged 29.2% (assuming 4,272 viable eggs/redd). The peak emergence date ranged from April 1 to April 29 (average, about April 14). Peak emergence dates corresponded well with predicted emergence dates based on 1,000 accumulated temperature units. For fall Chinook salmon emerging from individual redds the mean fork length for each redd ranged from 38.3 to 41.2 mm, and lengths of fish emerging from individual redds increased throughout the emergence period.
Associations Between Income Inequality and Mortality Among US States: The Importance of Time Period and Source of Income Data
Authors: Lynch John , Harper Sam , Kaplan George A. , Davey Smith George 
Published: July 2005

Objectives. We used census data to examine associations between income inequality and mortality among US states for each decade from 1949 to 1999 and tax return income data to estimate associations for 1989. Methods. Cross-sectional correlation analyses were used to assess income inequality–mortality relationships. Results. Census income analyses revealed little association between income inequality and mortality for 1949, 1959, or 1969. An association emerged for 1979 and strengthened for 1989 but weakened for 1999. When income inequality was based on tax return data, associations were weaker for both 1989 and 1999. Conclusions. The strong association between income inequality and mortality observed among US states for 1989 was not observed for other periods from 1949 through 1999. In addition, when tax return rather than census data were used, the association was weaker for 1989 and 1999. The potential for distal social determinants of population health (e.g., income inequality) to affect mortality is contingent on how such determinants influence levels of proximal risk factors and the time lags between exposure to those risk factors and effects on specific health outcomes.
Cover Picture: Programmable Motion and Separation of Single Magnetic Particles on Patterned Magnetic Surfaces (Adv. Mater. 14/2005)
Authors: Gunnarsson K. , Roy P. E. , Felton S. , Pihl J. , Svedlindh P. , Berner S. , Lidbaum H. , Oscarsson S. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractStructured magnetic surfaces enabling programmable motion of single micrometer‐sized magnetic particles are reported on p. 1730 by Gunnarsson and co‐workers. Patterns of thin‐film magnetic elements are tailored to form transport lines with junctions for the separation of individual particles. This method has the potential to improve and generate new applications in biotechnology. The cover shows a schematic of the transportation and separation of magnetic particles functionalized with antibodies capable of selectively capturing the corresponding analytes from a sample.
Inside Front Cover: From Coordination Polymer Macrocrystals to Nanometric Individual Chains (Adv. Mater. 14/2005)
Authors: Olea D. , Alexandre S. S. , Amo‐Ochoa P. , Guijarro A. , de Jesús F. , Soler J. M. , de Pablo P. J. , Zamora F. , Gómez‐Herrero J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIsolated single chains of the coordination polymer [Cd(6‐MCP)2]n (6‐MCP = 6‐mercaptopurinate) can be prepared by ultrasonic dispersion, ultracentrifugation, and deposition on a treated mica surface, and the mechanical and electrical properties are reported on p. 1761 by Zamora and co‐workers. The observed insulating behavior of the chains can be confirmed using density functional theory calculations. The inside cover shows atomic force microscopy images of the resultant chains at increasing magnification.
Clinical and molecular characterization of the first adult congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) type Ic patient
Authors: Sun Liangwu , Eklund Erik A. , Van Hove Johan L.K. , Freeze Hudson H. , Thomas Janet A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractCongenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) type Ic, the second largest subtype of CDG, is caused by mutations in human ALG6 (hALG6). This gene encodes the α1,3‐glucosyltransferase that catalyzes transfer of the first glucose residue to the lipid‐linked oligosaccharide precursor for N‐linked glycosylation. In this report, we describe the first adult patient diagnosed with CDG‐Ic, carrying two previously unknown mutations. The first is a three base deletion (897‐899delAAT) leading to the loss of I299, the second is an intronic mutation (IVS7 + 2T > G) that causes aberrant splicing. Wildtype hALG6, delivered by a lentiviral vector into patient's fibroblasts, clearly improves the biochemical phenotype, which confirms that the mutations are disease‐causing. Striking clinical findings include limb deficiencies in the fingers, resembling brachydactyly type B, a deep vein thrombosis, pseudotumor cerebri, and endocrine disturbances with pronounced hyperandrogenism and virilization. However, even in adulthood, this patient shows normal magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A report of three patients with an interstitial deletion of chromosome 15q24
Authors: Cushman Lisa J. , Torres‐Martinez Wilfredo , Cherry Athena M. , Manning Melanie A. , Abdul‐Rahman Omar , Anderson Carol E. , Punnett Hope H. , Thurston Virginia C. , Sweeney Danielle , Vance Gail H. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractPartial monosomy of the q2 region of chromosome 15 has been infrequently reported. Moreover, interstitial deletions involving 15q22‐q24 have been described in only nine patients to date. The phenotype of these reported individuals is subject to the extent of the deletion but typically includes altered muscle tone and significant developmental delays. In addition, eye abnormalities, such as strabismus, microphthalmia, or colobomas, ear abnormalities including cleft earlobe and preauricular tags, and urogenital defects are common features. Congenital heart defects, diaphragmatic hernia, abnormalities of the central nervous system, and skeletal anomalies have been reported but appear to be less frequent clinical manifestations. In this report, we describe three new patients with interstitial deletions involving 15q24, two with cryptic deletions identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a probe for the PML gene and one with a cytogenetically visible deletion of 15q22.3‐q24. The clinical presentation of these individuals is similar to those previously described and includes global developmental delays, hypotonia, and genital abnormalities in the males. The identification of these three cases demonstrates that the above clinical features are associated with a new cytogenetic deletion syndrome. Furthermore, we suggest that FISH analysis with a probe for the PML gene be performed in patients with these physical findings. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine mapping of autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing impairment DFNA21 to chromosome 6p24.1‐22.3
Authors: de Brouwer Arjan P.M. , Kunst Hendrikus P.M. , Krebsova Alice , van Asseldonk Karin , Reis André , Snoeckx Rik L. , Van Camp Guy , Cremers Cor W.R.J. , Cremers Frans P.M. , Kremer Hannie 
Published: July 2005

AbstractPreviously, the DFNA21 locus was positioned telomeric to the DFNA13 locus based on testing of candidate loci. One family member in this region did not carry the at risk haplotype, although he had the same nonspecific midfrequency hearing impairment as other affected family members. Hence, we performed a whole genome linkage scan excluding other regions of the genome and confirming the localization of DFNA21 to 6p22.3‐24.1. The DFNA21 interval was determined to span 12.4 Mb (∼22 cM) and is delimited on the telomeric side by BV097155 and on the centromeric side by D6S1691. A maximum lod score of 3.51 (θ = 0.066), was calculated for marker D6S1721. The DFNA21 region does not overlap the adjacent DFNA31 and DFNA13 loci and contains 31 known genes. The coding regions and exon–intron boundaries of four candidate genes, SOX4, MYLIP, CAP2, and RPEL1, were sequenced, but no mutations were identified. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
22q11.2 duplication syndrome: Two new familial cases with some overlapping features with DiGeorge/velocardiofacial syndromes
Authors: Portnoï Marie‐France , Lebas Fanny , Gruchy Nicolas , Ardalan Azarnouche , Biran‐Mucignat Valérie , Malan Valérie , Finkel Lina , Roger Gilles , Ducrocq Sarah , Gold Francis , Taillemite Jean‐Louis , Marlin Sandrine 
Published: July 2005

AbstractTwenty‐one patients, including our two cases, with variable clinical phenotype, ranging from mild learning disability to severe congenital malformations or overlapping features with DiGeorge/velocardiofacial syndromes (DG/VCFS), have been shown to have a chromosome duplication 22q11 of the region that is deleted in patients with DG/VCFS. The reported cases have been identified primarily by interphase FISH and could have escaped identification and been missed by routine cytogenetic analysis. Here we report on two inherited cases, referred to us, to rule out 22q11 microdeletion diagnosis of VCFS. The first patient was a 2‐month‐old girl, who presented with cleft palate, minor dysmorphic features including short palpebral fissures, widely spaced eyes, long fingers, and hearing loss. Her affected mother had mild mental retardation and learning disabilities. The second patient was a 7½‐year‐old boy with velopharyngeal insufficiency and mild developmental delay. He had a left preauricular tag, bifida uvula, bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly, and bilateral cryptorchidism. His facial features appeared mildly dysmorphic with hypertelorism, large nose, and micro/retrognathia. The affected father had mild mental retardation and had similar facial features. FISH analysis of interphase cells showed three TUPLE1‐probe signals with two chromosome‐specific identification probes in each cell. FISH analysis did not show the duplication on the initial testing of metaphase chromosomes. On review, band q11.2 was brighter on one chromosome 22 in some metaphase spreads. The paucity of reported cases of 22q11.2 microduplication likely reflects a combination of phenotypic diversity and the difficulty of diagnosis by FISH analysis on metaphase spreads. These findings illustrate the importance of scanning interphase nuclei when performing FISH analysis for any of the genomic disorders. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel positive‐type photosensitive polyimide with low dielectric constant
Authors: Jin Xing Zhou , Ishii Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA novel positive‐type photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) with a low dielectric constant was developed. The PSPI system was composed of soluble block PI (Bco‐PI) with a hydroxy group and diazonaphthoquinone as a photoreactive compound. The base Bco‐PI was prepared by a direct one‐pot polycondensation of 2,2‐bis(3‐amino‐4‐hydroxy‐phenylhexafluoropropane), 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane, and cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride in the presence of a γ‐valerolactone and pyridine catalyst system using N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone as the solvent. The film of Bco‐PI was colorless and transparent, both important factors for a PSPI. Photosensitive soluble block PI (Bco‐PI), containing 20 wt % ester of 2,3,4‐trihydroxybenzophenone with 1,2‐naphthoquinone‐(2)‐diazide‐5‐sulfonic acid (NT200), showed a sensitivity of 350 mJ/cm2 and a contrast of 1.20 when it was exposed to UV light, followed by development with 5% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution at room temperature. The estimated optical dielectric constants of the PIs with and without NT200 were 2.68 and 2.75, respectively. These values were significantly lower than those of conventional aromatic PIs, such as Kapton film (50EN). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 15–21, 2005
Blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(butylene terephthalate)
Authors: Aravinthan G. , Kale D. D. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractCommercial grade poly(ethylene terephthalate), (PET, intrinsic viscosity = 0.80 dL/g) and poly(butylene terephthalate), (PBT, intrinsic viscosity = 1.00 dL/g) were melt blended over the entire composition range using a counterrotating twin‐screw extruder. The mechanical, thermal, electrical, and rheological properties of the blends were studied. All of the blends showed higher impact properties than that of PET or PBT. The 50:50 blend composition exhibited the highest impact value. Other mechanical properties also showed similar trends for blends of this composition. The addition of PBT increased the processability of PET. Differential scanning calorimetry data showed the presence of both phases. For all blends, only a single glass‐transition temperature was observed. The melting characteristics of one phase were influenced by the presence of the other. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 75–82, 2005