bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gauging the Effects of Modern Payment Technologies Adoption on the Demand for Money in Nigeria
Authors: Iorngurum Tersoo 
Published: November 2023

In contrast to the global intermediate goals of monetary policy, “financial exclusion” remains prevalent. Therefore, using the Nigerian economy as a point of reference, this paper attempts to shed more light on the role played by modern payment technologies in promoting financial inclusion, especially as it relates to the provision of currency in the hands of the Nigerian public for liquidity services during the period 2009:Q1 to 2017:Q4. In actualizing this objective, the Johansen cointegration method is employed to test for cointegration alongside vector error correction modeling (VECM) techniques, while the Gregory-Hansen cointegration method is employed to test for structural breaks and regime shifts. Subsequently, empirical results from the Johansen cointegration test and the normalized cointegrating coefficients of the estimated vector error correction model (VECM) reveal that real currency in the hands of the Nigerian public is positively cointegrated with real modern payment technologies transactions as well as real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), but negatively cointegrated with real savings interest rates, real quarterly time deposits interest rates, and inflation rate. On the other hand, empirical results from the Gregory-Hansen cointegration method indicate further that there are no structural breaks or regime shifts in the cointegrating coefficients during the period 2009:Q1 to 2017:Q4. In conclusion, the existence of a positive relationship between real modern payment technologies transactions and real currency in the hands of the Nigerian public implies that the former are partly responsible for the growth of the latter, thereby indicating that modern payment technologies are effective in promoting financial inclusion by providing access to liquidity services. Based on this finding the study recommends that the adoption of modern payment technologies should be promoted in order to further extend liquidity services to financially excluded Nigerians.
This article has been corrected. Link to the correction https://doi.org/10.28934/ea.20.53.1.pp187
Educating Girls, Educated Women
Authors: Wenzel Nikolai , Beck-Peter Tricia 
Published: November 2023

After a half-century of failed top-down international aid efforts that ignore basic microeconomics, the New Development Economics (NDE) offers an alternative. First, sound institutions (such as rule of law, property rights, contractual enforcement, etc.); second, respect for basic microeconomic principles (from incentives to knowledge). Within the New Development Economics, development economist William Easterly offers controversial and innovative insights; one of these is the ineffectiveness of education - alone, and without sound institutions - for promoting growth. We argue that Easterly is generally correct, but we improve on Easterly's lessons by dehomogenizing education. Specifically, education for girls has high marginal returns: at the micro level, even a slight increase in education dramatically improves the health of girls - and their daughters - in a virtuous cycle. At the macro level, educated women have a significant marginal impact on growth and institutional improvement. We complement a theoretical approach with a case study that demonstrates the importance and marginal impact of educating girls - even if sounds institutions are not yet present.
Women in Nigeria: Examining the Motivations for Engaging in Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Ihejiamaizu Grace Chinonye , Inyang Juliet John 
Published: November 2023

This paper explored the motivations for women engaging in social entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Using the theoretical lens of African feminism, the paper specifically set out to explore the extent to which three factors- gender, penchant for solving social problems and economic/financial reasons influence the desire of women to engage in social entrepreneurship in a largely patriarchal society like Africa. Existing studies adopting critical feminist perspectives have shown that across the globe, there are embedded biases and institutional constraints which could separate women from men into what is considered appropriate “entrepreneuring” for their sex category (Muntean & Ozkazanc-Pan, 2016). This implies that while it is applauded that women can get self-employed in ventures that create social good, there is the risk of creating biases that unintentionally limits the potential of women toward less-lucrative/tasking self-employment. This phenomenon raised some key questions for this paper: Do women only perform better when it comes to designing enterprises for social good? Or do the narratives show that they could lead in other forms of entrepreneurship but are not because of existing constraints? Simply put, what is the drive or motivation for engaging in social entrepreneurship? Interestingly, such a study is lacking within the African context.
For this research, a qualitative approach was adopted. Secondary data were obtained from the Ashoka.com repository, a reputable organization and social entrepreneurship website, profiled with stories of successful women social entrepreneurs. A total of 6 research subjects were randomly selected for the study. The sample was drawn from the list of published profiles based on the year of fellowship, country and sector of operation. Data were analysed using content analysis. The findings drawn from the analysis were discussed within the purview of African feminist theory and empirical works of other social researchers. The result showed that women social entrepreneurs are majorly motivated by the desire to solve a social problem (rather than make profit), which either stems from a personal experience or those around them. This study recommends that understanding the intrinsic motivation behind their actions can help social activist and feminist organizations supporting social entrepreneurs in their work. The paper further informs interventions that foster the design of social policies and programmes for successful women social entrepreneurship practice in Africa.
Strategi Penyediaan Sarana Kesehatan Guna Meningkatkan Pelayanan Kesehatan di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah
Authors: Ari Yosta Ridho , Sekar Tanjung Adinda , Pradono  
Published: November 2023

Penyediaan sarana dalam suatu wilayah bertujuan memenuhi kebutuhan dan mendukung aktivitas warga, berpengaruh signifikan pada aspek sosial dan kualitas hidup mereka. Sarana kesehatan menjadi kunci penting dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kabupaten Lampung Tengah, dengan luas wilayah yang sangat besar, perlu fokus pada penyediaan sarana kesehatan.
Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Lampung Tengah tahun 2011-2031 telah menetapkan upaya untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan secara merata. Namun, tantangan besar muncul akibat luasnya wilayah ini. Masalah seperti tingginya angka kematian ibu, gizi rendah, dan penanganan COVID-19 yang kurang optimal menjadi sorotan utama. Oleh karena itu, penelitian menjadi krusial dalam merumuskan strategi peningkatan sarana kesehatan.
Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan deduktif kuantitatif untuk menganalisis strategi penyediaan sarana kesehatan di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Tujuannya adalah untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan, memperluas jangkauan pelayanan, dan memperkuat koordinasi antara pemerintah dan sektor swasta.
Beberapa strategi identifikasi melibatkan peningkatan kualitas dan jenis pelayanan kesehatan, penambahan rumah sakit di wilayah yang belum terjangkau, serta peningkatan kerjasama dengan sektor swasta. Upaya ini bertujuan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dan kemampuan mereka dalam mencapai kesehatan optimal.
Dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan kesejahteraan warga Kabupaten Lampung Tengah, penyediaan sarana kesehatan menjadi prioritas utama yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius.
Screening for Hypertension in Asymptomatic Individuals in Nepal: An Expert Consensus Statement
Authors: Regmi Prakash Raj , Sharma Sanjib Kumar , Bhatt Yadav Kumar Deo , Malla Rabi , Maskey Arun , Limbu Yubaraj , Nepal Rajesh , Karn Achutanand Lal , Dhungana Sahadeb Prasad , Gautam Mani Prasad , Kafle Mukunda Prasad , Maskey Robin , Saurav Subhash , Mainali Uttar Kumar , Sherpa Kunjang 
Published: November 2023

Hypertension affects a substantial proportion of the general population in Nepal with prevalence ranging from 20 to 30 percent. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for undiagnosed hypertension and is possible through hypertension screening. The aim of this paper is to provide unified consensus recommendations for the effective screening of hypertension in Nepal. In two National Advisory expert consensus meetings, a total of 42 experts participated, discussed and voted on the key statements for formulating the consensus. Each key statement was scored on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 9 and a mean score was calculated. The consensus statement was accepted if the mean score was seven or more with the voting of more than two-thirds of the experts. The main consensus recommendations are the following. First, screening for hypertension should start among adults from 18 years of age. Second, effective screening of hypertension can aid in the early diagnosis, control, and improve the cardiovascular disease outcomes. Third, in asymptomatic adults, re-screening is necessary every 3 to 6 months and every 3 to 5 years for initial blood pressure levels of 130-139/80-89 mmHg and <130/85 mmHg, respectively. Fourth, hypertension screening is cost-effective in a resource-limited setting. The use of consensus recommendations will help in a unified community screening of hypertension among the asymptomatic adult population of Nepal. Screening of hypertension should be promoted by all the stakeholders in healthcare services.
Incidence, risk factors and outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients with Acute exacerbation
Authors: Regmi Gunjan , Khanal Kanak , Arjyal Batsalya , Pyakurel Kumud , Shah Vibek Prabhat , Shahi Rejina 
Published: November 2023

Background: There is little data on the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of the AKI among COPD patients who are admitted to critical care units with exacerbation of symptoms. This observational study was conducted to evaluate the incidence and outcome of AKI with AECOPD.
Method: We performed an observational study of patients who were admitted in the intensive care unit from August 2021 to February 2023 for acute exacerbation of COPD.
Results: During the study period, a total of 108 patients were admitted to the ICU with acute respiratory failure attributed to COPD exacerbation. AKI occurred in 49 patients (45.4%). Independent risk factors for AKI in patients with AECOPD were advanced age, coronary artery disease, anemia, acute respiratory failure, and mechanical ventilation. Patients with AKI had worse prognostic implications and were more likely to require mechanical ventilation (42.8% vs 22.03%, P<0.05), had a longer ICU stay (6 ±1.3 days vs 5.41±1.1 days, P<0.05) and longer hospitalization (7.65±1.42 days vs 6.9±1.2 days, P<0.05); and higher in-hospital mortality (28.5 % vs 11.8 %, P<0.05) than those without AKI. Compared to patients without AKI who had in-hospital mortality rate of 11.8%, those with stage 2, or 3 AKI had rates of 41.6% and 85.7% respectively, that is 2.1- fold and 6.0-fold increased risk of in-hospital death, respectively.
Conclusion: Incidence of AKI is relatively high in patient with AECOPD requiring intensive care. Patient with AKI had poor outcomes compared to non-AKI patient with AECOPD. AKI can be a prognostic factor for determining patient survival.
Asymptomatic Pulmonary Cryptococcosis And Tuberculosis Co-infection in an immunocompetent Host: A case report
Authors: Giri Rashmi , Khetaan Khusboo , Aryal Gopi , Karthik Ashish , Shrestha Ashish , Gurung Naresh , Shrestha Sanjeet K. 
Published: November 2023

Pulmonary Cryptococcosis is a rare fungal infection that mostly occurs in immunocompromised host. However, with advancement in diagnostic approach like tissue biopsy, cryptococcal infections are now increasingly being recognised.In immunocompetent host, cryptococcal infection is often asymptomatic and rarely becomes disseminated.
Symptom development in immunocompetent host largely depends on burden and virulence of pathogen. Due to similarities in clinical, radiological and pathological findings in Cryptococcosis, Tuberculosis and other fungal infections like Blastomycocosis, it is important to have a tissue biospy to confirm the diagnosis.
The aim of this case report is to highlight the investigation necessary to diagnose both fungal infection and Tuberculosis due to similar clinical, radiological features in both. We report a case of Gene Xpert positive Tuberculosis and histopathology proven Pulmonary Cryptococcos in same patient.
Repercussions of the regional strategic balance on the international powers in the Middle East
Authors: Al-Qaisi Lecture. Dr  Tuka ayad Khalil Ibrahim 
Published: November 2023

The strategic balance in the Middle East is one of the most important topics that have captured the attention of researchers and thinkers. That was due to the potential and capabilities that this region possesses and could have a significant impact on international strategic interests and thus on international and regional balances. The Middle East region witnessed many equilibrium formulas, each of which was an expression of the circumstances and variables that prevailed in the region.
Hence the importance of studying the regional and international powers in the Middle East and the most important pressures facing those powers, especially the great powers represented by the United States, the Russian Federation, and China, and their attempts to achieve a strategic balance in the region.
The research sought to deal with the following problem:
What did the strategic balance look like in the Middle East after 2003, and what regional and international powers were able to impose their will on the region?
The research was divided into three chapters, in addition to an introduction, conclusion, and conclusions reached by the researcher. The first chapter was devoted to the theoretical framework of the concept of the Middle East and the strategic balance, while the second one was devoted to studying regional balances and their reflection on the gains of international balances of power. The focus was on the regional powers that are major players in the region, represented by Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Israel. Finally, the third chapter dealt with the repercussions of regional balances on international competition in the Middle East.
PENGARUH AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARANSI TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN SLEMEN
Authors: Zubaidah Azza Nur , Nugraeni Nugraeni 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana pengaruh akuntabilitas dan transparansi terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan Kabupaten Sleman. Bertanggung jawab atas pengelolaan keuangan yang efektif dan penyediaan layanan publik. Sangat penting untuk memiliki laporan keuangan yang baik untuk memastikan bahwa dana publik digunakan dengan benar dan akuntabel. Penelitian akan berlangsung dari tahun 2020 hingga 2022. Penelitian ini melibatkan pegawai SKPD kecamatan yang bekerja di bidang keuangan. Sampel populasi terdiri dari 36 pegawai SKPD bidang keuangan. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data melalui kuesioner dan analisis statistik. Pertanggungjawaban pengelolaan keuangan, transparansi laporan keuangan, dan pengungkapan informasi adalah cara untuk mengukur akuntabilitas. Faktor yang menentukan kualitas laporan keuangan adalah ketepatan, kejelasan, dan relevansinya. Statistik deskriptif dan analisis linier berganda digunakan untuk melakukan analisis ini, yang dibantu oleh program komputer SPSS versi 25 untuk Windows. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel transparansi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan, sedangkan variabel akuntabilitas tidak berpengaruh. Penelitian ini memiliki konsekuensi nyata bagi pemerintah daerah. Dengan meningkatkan akuntabilitas dan transparansi, laporan keuangan mungkin lebih baik, yang akan sangat membantu pengambilan keputusan, pengawasan, dan membangun kepercayaan publik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berkontribusi besar dalam mendorong sistem manajemen keuangan yang efektif.
Penggunaan Virgin Coconut Oil (Vco) Dalam Pijat Bayi Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Bayi Di Desa Berembeng, Kecamatan Selemadeg, Kabupaten Tabanan
Authors: Dewi Ni Nyoman Anggita Candra , Mediastari A.A Putu Agung , Ariyanti Ni Made Putri 
Published: November 2023

Bayi adalah masa yang baik untuk pertumbuhan manusia, sehingga bayi memerlukan perhatian khusus dalam setiap perkembangannya. Salah satu faktor penting dalam tumbuh kembang bayi adalah tidur dan istirahat. Waktu yang dibutuhkan bayi untuk tidur adalah 14 jam dalam sehari. Bayi yang kurang tidur akan mengakibatkan penurunan kekebalan tubuh, gangguan pertumbuhan, perkembangan fisik dan memiliki dampak terhadap tumbuh kembang otak bayi. Gangguan kualitas tidur pada anak dapat berdampak buruk bagi perkembangan fisik dan kognitifnya yang menjadi indikator perkembangan kesehatannya terutama kemampuan berfikir ketika dewasa. Sehingga kualitas tidur bayi perlu dijaga, serta dapat distimulus melalui pemberian pijat bayi. Tujuan peneliltian adalah mengetahui penggunaan Virgin Coconut Oil dalam pijat bayi terhadap kualitas tidur bayi di Desa Berembeng. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori fungsionalisme struktural. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Virgin Coconut Oil efektif untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur bayi, karena VCO mengandung beberapa zat alami yang menyebabkan bayi tetap merasa hangat dan menurunkan kehilangan panas tubuhnya, merasa nyaman dan lebih rileks. Tata cara pemijatan bayi dilakukan dengan SOP yang berlaku. Serta implikasi dari penggunaan VCO dalam pijat bayi terhadap kualitas tidur bayi adalah memperlancar sistem peredaran darah, memberi rasa nyaman, merileksasi sistem otot, serta dapat memperlancar sistem pencernaan.
The proposal for the implementation of elections in Indonesia: a framework based on the presidential system
Authors: Purnama Taufiq Yuli , Manitra Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea 
Published: November 2023

As a democratic country, in order to promote the general welfare, all citizens have the same right to exercise their political rights. In the context of organizing general elections, a form of democracy adopted by Indonesia. . Elections that are carried out transparently and peacefully and the elected leaders are generated by the most votes, then the country can be called a democratic country. The purpose of this research is to show that the function of political parties in selecting legislative candidates This type of research is normative legal research, using a conceptual approach. The research method is a legal scientific logic research procedure. The results of this study indicate that the application of an open proportional system has a major influence on every determination of the quality of legislative members, and the enactment of an open proportional system causes many popular legislative candidates to be elected without considering the capacity of the ability of legislative candidates who will ascend to office, and an open proportional system that best reflects the basic principles of democracy a In the implementation of several policies of t h e Constitutional Court with the Decision issued by allowing educational institutions as campaign sites. There are pros and cons to this. But basically where the community is smart in politics is one of the requirements in realizing a good democracy. The other main requirements are fair law enforcement and respect for human rights values.
Проблемні та дискусійні питання сфери нормативного забезпечення соціальної адаптації військовослужбовців з огляду на їх системність та ефективність
Authors: Бейкун А. , Топольніцький В. , Каптан М. , Матвієць С. 
Published: November 2023

Можливість реалізації військовослужбовцями своїх прав на різні види і форми соціального забезпечення особливо важлива в умовах критичного загострення зовнішніх загроз і небезпек для національної безпеки, головним чином, в умовах дії особливих правових режимів. одним із найактуальніших завдань є і залишається адекватне, ефективне та системне правове забезпечення соціальної адаптації військовослужбовців, що залишили ряди Збройних Сил України, інших військових формувань, правоохоронних та розвідувальних органів, зокрема, під час дії особливих правових режимів з підстав, передбачених чинним законодавством, до умов цивільного життя як одного із пріоритетних напрямів соціальної сфери військового будівництва.
У статті окреслюється проблематика узагальнення етимологічного та правового змісту соціальної адаптації військовослужбовців як правової категорії, проаналізовано військово-соціальну нормативно-правову базу та програмні документи з огляду на їх ефективність та практичне значення.
Проблему соціальної адаптації військовослужбовців не можна адекватно розв’язати без узагальнення правових норм, що містяться в правових актах різної юридичної значущості, та їхньої інтеграції в єдиний логічно структурований правовий акт, який системно і комплексно регулюватиме відповідну сферу суспільних відносин.
Слід також враховувати, що заходи, спрямовані на приведення соціального та адаптаційного законодавства Збройних Сил до єдиної стрункої та логічно впорядкованої системи, об’єктивно призведуть до необхідності внесення суттєвих змін до трудового законодавства та законодавства про соціальне забезпечення.
Дослідження впливу воєнних дій на національну економіку України: фактичні збитки та втрати
Authors: Косарецький Є. , Сотник В. , Слюсаренко А. 
Published: November 2023

Бойові дії та бомбардування території України впливають на всі сфери життя людей, в тому числі, економічну. Руйнування або ушкодження об’єктів, на яких проводиться господарська діяльність, призводить не лише до витрат, необхідних на відновлення об’єкту, а також і до втрат від простоїв та не відновлювальних ресурсів. Від ефективності діяльності суб'єктів господарювання залежить рівень податкових надходження до державного бюджету, які потім перерозподіляються на оборонну сферу.
Мета статті полягає в оцінці збитків, руйнувань і ушкоджень та аналізі впливу воєнних дій на економічну діяльність суб’єктів господарювання.
Задокументовано, що збитки від руйнувань інфраструктури складають близько 100 млрд. дол. США, збитки від руйнувань житла – близько 35 млрд. дол. США, збитки від руйнувань та ушкоджень інших об'єктів промисловості склали близько 11 млрд. дол. США (особливо слід зазначити втрату таких промислових гігантів, як “Азовсталь” та “ММК Ілліча”, які давали 30% металургійної продукції у ВВП України).
Проаналізовано зміну ВВП України згідно даних Державної служби статистики України. Слід відзначити зменшення ефективності діяльності підприємств у 2022 році порівняно з 2021 роком. Навіть не дивлячись на кризу, спричинену у світовій економіці через коронавірус, економіка України постраждала менше, ніж через рік війни. Враховано рівень інфляції: за даними Мінфіну, у 2022 році індекс споживчих цін склав 126,6 %. Це свідчить про те, що реальний ВВП України у 2022 році є значно меншим за номінальний.
Підприємство не має змоги вплинути на шкоду, яку завдає війна, однак необхідною є адаптація бізнес-процесів. Ефективним бізнес-процесом можна назвати той, який передбачає наявність альтернатив, чіткі сценарії та умови вибору альтернативи. Бізнес-процес має бути розроблений під керівництвом експертів, які мають знання щодо конкретної сфери діяльності, щоб урахувати всі ризики та виключити випадки, коли усі альтернативи побудовані на тій самій основі.