bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Men's passage to fatherhood: an analysis of the contemporary relevance of transition theory
Authors: Draper Jan 
Published: March 2003

Men's passage to fatherhood: an analysis of the contemporary relevance of transition theory This paper presents a theoretical analysis of men's experiences of pregnancy, birth and early fatherhood. It does so using a framework of ritual transition theory and argues that despite its earlier structural‐functionalist roots, transition theory remains a valuable framework, illuminating contemporary transitions across the life course. The paper discusses the historical development of transition or ritual theory and, drawing upon data generated during longitudinal ethnographic interviews with men undergoing the transition to fatherhood, analyses its relevance in understanding contemporary experiences of fatherhood.
Are micturition systems influenced by sleep‐arousal system?
Authors: Yamao Yutaka , Koyama Yoshimasa , Kawauchi Akihiro , Jodo Eiichi , Kayama Yukihiko , Miki Tsuneharu 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTo clarify a relation between contractile condition of the urinary bladder and vigilance condition, bladder pressure was monitored simultaneously with cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) in urethane‐anesthetized rats. Slow waves of large amplitude and those of lower amplitude appeared in EEG alternately. The bladder showed no contractile activity in the former EEG condition, while it contracted intermittently or continuously to urinate in the latter EEG condition. The relative power of EEG delta waves was significantly different in these two conditions. These results suggest that activity of the micturition system changes according to vigilance conditions, which may serve to prevent enuresis during sleep.
Mothers’ wakefulness at night in the post‐partum period is related to their infants’ circadian sleep–wake rhythm
Authors: Nishihara Kyoko , Horiuchi Shigeko , Eto Hiromi , Uchida Sunao 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe relationship between a post‐partum mother’s wakefulness at night and her infant’s circadian sleep–wake rhythm was examined. The subjects were seven primipara and their infants. Actigraphic recordings for the mothers and their infants were made over three to five continuous days during Weeks 3, 6, 9 and 12. A 24‐h peak of autocorrelograms of the infants’ movements appeared in two cases at Week 6, in six cases at Week 9, and in seven cases at Week 12. The mothers’ night‐time movements significantly decreased from Week 3 to Week 12. Mothers’ wakefulness during night sleep in the post‐partum period is related to their infants’ obtaining circadian sleep–wake rhythm.
A new periodogram using one‐way analysis of variance for circadian rhythms
Authors: Shono Mayumi , Shono Hideaki , Ito Yuji , Muro Masami , Maeda Yuri , Sugimori Hajime 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA new periodogram was proposed using one‐way analysis of variance ( ANOVA), termed
ANOVA periodogram, in order to reveal a precise significant periodicity. Thirty 3‐day complex computer‐simulated time series with known periodicity (24 h) and three 2‐h data‐missing occurring periodically (23 h, 20 min) were used to compare the
ANOVA periodogram with Enright’s one. In results, the
ANOVA periodogram was superior to Enright’s periodogram in the accuracy of assessing the major periodicity.
Quantitative characteristics of alpha and theta EEG activities during sensory deprivation
Authors: Iwata Kazuki , Nakao Mitsuyuki , Yamamoto Mitsuaki , Kimura Masayuki 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOur previous study showed that theta and alpha electroencephalographic (EEG) activities occurred together during sensory deprivations (SD). The respective activities are expected to manifest different physiological states. In this study, we investigate statistical properties of both types of EEG activities during SD. Wavelet analyses of the original EEG activities during SD and the corresponding surrogation data can distinguish meaningful alpha and theta activities in the original data from accidentally detected ones. As a result, the mean duration of the theta wave is found to be longer than that of the alpha wave. This result could be useful to disclose physiological processes during SD.
Comparison in symptoms between aged and younger patients with narcolepsy
Authors: Furuta Hisakazu , Thorpy Michael J. , Temple Helen M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe investigated the age‐related changes in symptoms in narcolepsy. Fifty patients, 65‐year‐old and over (aged group), were recruited from the National Narcolepsy Registry. Thirty‐four patients, younger than 65 (younger group), were selected by random sampling. Although there was no difference in the age of disease onset between the two groups, the age of diagnosis was significantly earlier for the younger group. Methylphenidate was used significantly more in the aged group, and modafinil in the younger group. The aged group had lower total scores on the Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale, because the scores for cataplexy were significantly less for the aged group. There was no significant difference in excessive daytime sleepiness between the two groups.
Parent–infant relationship global assessment scale: A study of its predictive validity
Authors: AOKI YUTAKA , ZEANAH CHARLES H. , HELLER SHERRYL SCOTT , BAKSHI SUDHA 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe Parent–Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIRGAS; Zero to Three, 1994) provides a continuously distributed scale of infant–parent relationship adaptation, raging from ‘well‐adapted’ to ‘dangerously impaired’. The present study examines the predictive validity of the PIRGAS in a high‐risk sample by coding relationship adaptation level from a single sample of 10 min of unstructured free play between mothers and their 20‐month‐old infants and examining its relationship to subsequent interaction with mothers and behavior problems at 24 months. Relationship adaptation assessed reliably from observations of only 10 min of free play between mothers and their infants at 20 months of age using PIRGAS predicted subsequent mother– infant interaction in a laboratory based problem‐solving paradigm (Crowell procedure) at 24 months and internalizing symptomatology of Child Behavior Checklist at age 24 months. These results contribute to the predictive validity of the PIRGAS as a measure of mother–infant relationship adaptation.
A behavior therapy program combined with liquid nutrition designed for anorexia nervosa
Authors: OKAMOTO AKIKO , YAMASHITA TATSUHISA , NAGOSHI YASUHIDE , MASUI YUKO , WADA YOSHIHISA , KASHIMA AKIKO , ARII ICHIRO , NAKAMURA MICHIHIKO , FUKUI KENJI 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe have introduced behavior therapy as standard in‐patient treatment for anorexia nervosa and have modified the treatment program. At first, we used Fukamachi's activity restriction therapy (FT), followed by Token economy therapy (TET), which combined token economy with FT. Finally, we have developed Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Behavior Therapy (KPT). According to KPT, only liquid formula is given in the early stages of hospitalization and a target weight is not set at admission. We examined the effect of these three programs with respect to bodyweight gain. Thirty‐five anorexic patients participated in these three programs in our hospital: seven completed FT, seven completed TET and 21 coompleted KPT. We compared the effects of these three programs on body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, the effects of these three programs on BMI were compared at admission, 1 month after admission and at discharge, 6 months after discharge. In addition, the rate of increase of BMI for the following three periods was investigated: 1 month after admission, total hospitalization (from admission to discharge) and from admission to 6 months after discharge. The result is that KPT was the most effective of the three programs with regard to both the amount and the rate of increase of BMI at all points and there is a significant difference between KPT and FT. This effectiveness may be attributable to the use of an oral liquid formula, the setting of target weight at a later stage of hospitalization and the release of activity restriction based on weight gain.
Four cases of panic disorder successfully treated with Kampo (Japanese herbal) medicines: Kami‐shoyo‐san and Hange‐koboku‐to
Authors: MANTANI NAOKI , HISANAGA AKITO , KOGURE TOSHIAKI , KITA TOSHIAKI , SHIMADA YUTAKA , TERASAWA KATSUTOSHI 
Published: March 2003

AbstractKampo medicines have been used to treat patients with psychogenic disorders from ancient times. In the present report the cases are described of four patients with panic disorder successfully treated with Kampo medicines. These four patients fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria for panic disorder with agoraphobia. The Kampo medicine Kami‐shoyo‐san (TJ‐24) relieved panic attacks, anticipatory anxiety and agoraphobia in two patients, and Hange‐koboku‐to (TJ‐16) relieved these symptoms in the other two patients. The patients in whom Kami‐shoyo‐san was effective were older and complained of more symptoms than those in whom Hange‐koboku‐to was effective. These Kampo medicines may be useful as additional or alternative treatments for panic disorder.
Mass family hysteria: A report from India
Authors: MATTOO SURENDRA K. , GUPTA NITIN , LOBANA APRAJITA , BEDI BALRAJ 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe case of a 31‐member family displaying mass hysteria in up to 10 members at one time is reported. The mass hysteria emerged in the context of the strong religious and cultural beliefs held by this closely knit family. The varied presentations included somatoform disorder, recurrent vomiting, conversion, dissociative and possession attacks. Two members had bipolar affective disorder that was recognized by the family as a ‘medical’ illness in contrast to other problems attributed to religiosity. The rarity of mass hysteria in a family and issues related to its medical and social management are highlighted.
Solitary infantile myofibromatosis in the femur
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuji , Mizuno Kosaku , Hanioka Keisuke 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report on a case of the solitary type of infantile myofibromatosis of the right femur in an 11‐month female. Radiographically, a well‐defined osteolytic lesion was seen in the diaphysis of the right femur. Pathological study revealed that the spindle‐shaped cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm were arranged in a fascicular and intertwining fashion. The cleft‐shaped vascular spaces were observed between tumor nodules. Immunohistochemical staining caused many tumor cells to react for vimentin, α‐smooth muscle actin and desmin. Ultrastructural study revealed numerous thin and intermediate types of filaments in the cytoplasm of the cells. To our best knowledge, this is the third reported case of solitary infantile myofibromatosis of long bones.
Pulmonary capillaritis associated with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and rapid response to plasmapheresis
Authors: Waterer Grant W , Latham Bruce , Waring Justin A. , Gabbay Eli 
Published: March 2003

Objective:Pulmonary capillaritis is an uncommon complication of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome but has important therapeutic implications.Case Report:A patient with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome presented with haemoptysis and respiratory failure. Investigation including open lung biopsy, demonstrated vasculitis as the underlying pathology, rather than thrombosis. The patient responded promptly to methyprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and plasmapheresis. Conclusion: Plasmapheresis has not previously been described in this setting and the rapid response suggests that it should be considered in severe disease.
Computed tomography or ultrasonically guided pigtail catheter drainage in multiloculated pleural empyema: A recommended procedure?
Authors: Maier Alfred , Domej Wolfgang , Anegg Udo , Woltsche Michael , Fell Birgit , Pinter Hans , Smolle‐JÜttner Freyja M. 
Published: March 2003

Objectives:The role of image‐guided pigtail catheter drainage in the treatment of pleural empyema is associated with different outcomes, dependent on the stage of the disease. No agreement concerning its use exists. Methodology: Fourteen patients at a fibropurulent stage of pleural empyema initially treated with computed tomography (CT) or ultrasonically guided pigtail catheter drainage were reviewed. All patients were admitted with clinical symptoms of sepsis. Chest X‐ray, CT scan and/or ultrasonography and thoracentesis with biochemical examination revealed multiloculated pleural empyema. Despite the diagnosis of multiloculated empyema, CT or ultrasonically guided pigtail catheter drainage was performed. However, septic symptoms deteriorated and all cases proceeded to thoracotomy with decortication. Results: Image‐guided drainage failed in all patients. Septic symptoms disappeared within 24– 48 h after decortication. The patients recovered without sequela, were discharged 6–15 days (mean: 9.2 days) postoperatively and were able to return to normal physical activity. Conclusions: Computed tomography or ultrasonically guided pigtail catheter drainage can not be recommended in the case of a fibropurulent stage of empyema thoracis.
Reperfusion lung injury after unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion
Authors: Permpikul Chairat , Wang Huan‐You , Kriett Jolene , Konopka Ronald G. , Moser Kenneth M. , Spragg Roger G. 
Published: March 2003

Objective:To test the hypothesis that reperfusion of the canine lung after 1 week of vascular occlusion results in acute injury of the reperfused lung with concurrent impairment in gas exchange.Methodology: In 11 conditioned dogs, the left pulmonary artery was completely occluded by a vascular clip placed at thoracotomy. One week later, at repeat thoracotomy, the clip was removed in six animals (reperfused group) but left in place in five (sham group). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) components, gas exchange, haemodynamics and histological alterations were examined.Results: During occlusion, the mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance increased significantly, and after 6 days there was a significant increase in ventilation to high ventilation perfusion ratio (V/Q) areas. With reperfusion, the previously occluded lung demonstrated, in comparison to the contralateral lung, a significant increase in BAL cellularity and neutrophil fraction, gross and histological evidence of oedema, and impaired surfactant activity. Shunt fraction, measured by the inert gas technique, also increased only after reperfusion, although mild hypoxaemia occurred in both groups. Endothelial abnormalities and perivascular oedema were noted in both groups, but were more marked in the reperfused lungs.Conclusion: Reperfusion of the canine lung after 1 week of complete occlusion resulted in evidence of mild acute lung injury. The aetiology of this injury was multifactorial.
Management and treatment perceptions among young adults with asthma in Melbourne: The Australian experience from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey
Authors: Reid David , Abramson Michael , Raven Joan , Walters Haydn E. 
Published: March 2003

Objectives:As part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) in 1992–1993 we assessed management practices and treatment perceptions among young asthmatic adults in Melbourne, Australia.Methodology:We conducted a postal questionnaire survey of 4500 randomly selected adults (aged 20–44 years), drawn from three electoral districts, of whom 3200 (71%) subjects responded. A randomly selected sample of 1642 respondents, ‘enriched’ by a further 433 symptomatic subjects, was invited to complete a second phase respiratory questionnaire.Results:The questionnaire was completed by 757 subjects who underwent laboratory testing. A further 119 subjects who were unable to attend the laboratory completed an identical questionnaire by telephone interview (42% response rate). In the second phase, 16% of subjects reported ‘current asthma’ (group I) as defined by physician confirmation and a recent attack (within 1 year), 10% had confirmed asthma but reported no recent attack (group II) and 74% did not have asthma (group III). Inhaled corticosteroid use was significantly higher in group I than in group II subjects (45%vs 24%, P < 0.01), but only 11% of asthmatic subjects overall reported daily prophylactic use. Regular treatment in any form was considered to be ‘bad’ by 65% of asthmatic subjects and only 43% took medication as prescribed all of the time.Conclusion:Despite national education campaigns, the majority of young asthmatic adults in Melbourne did not adhere to prescribed treatment, but continued to rely upon β2‐agonists alone with neglect of regular inhaled corticosteroid which has probably contributed to Australia's continued high asthma morbidity and mortality rates.
Clinicopathological features of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: HAYAKAWA HIROSHI , SHIRAI MASAHIRO , SATO ATSUHIKO , YOSHIZAWA YASUYUKI , TODATE AKIHITO , IMOKAWA SHIRO , SUDA TAKAFUMI , CHIDA KINGO , TAMURA RYOJI , ISHIHARA KYOUSUKE , SAIKI SHIGEKI , ANDO MASAYUKI 
Published: March 2003

Objective: Only limited information exists concerning the clinical and pathological features of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in Japan and elsewhere. We present data on clinicopathological features of chronic HP obtained through a Japanese nationwide survey.Methodology: We studied the clinical and pathological findings in 10 patients with chronic HP who underwent surgical lung biopsy or postmortem examination.Results: There were three types of clinical course: six of the 10 patients had persistent symptoms followed by repeated acute episodes; two showed a subacute onset with persistent symptoms; and two exhibited an insidious onset. Five patients made no attempt to avoid antigen exposure and they all had progressive disease. Pathological findings indicated that lesions were mainly centrilobular with or without epithelioid cell granulomas in specimens obtained during the acute or subacute stage. In contrast, most patients in the chronic stage predominantly showed interstitial fibrosis with a usual interstitial pneumonia pattern.Conclusions: The pathological findings of chronic HP depend on the stage of the disease at tissue sampling.
Ultraflex stents for the management of airway complications in lung transplant recipients
Authors: CHHAJED Prashant N. , MALOUF Monique A. , TAMM Michael , GLANVILLE Allan R. 
Published: March 2003

Objective:  We present our experience with the use of the Ultraflex (nitinol) stents in the management of airway complications in lung transplant (LT) recipients.Methodology:  Nine LT recipients underwent insertion of uncovered Ultraflex stents. Mean change in FEV1, duration to formation of granulation tissue and follow‐up post‐stent insertion were compared with results obtained in LT recipients who had undergone Gianturco stent (n = 10) and Wallstent insertion (n = 16).Results:  Mean improvement in FEV1 after insertion of Gianturco, Wallstent and Ultraflex stents was 670 ± 591 mL, 613 ± 221 mL and 522 ± 391 mL, respectively. No patient with an Ultraflex stent developed mucus plugging or stenosis at stent extremity at a follow up of 263 ± 278 days. The mean and median duration to stenosis at stent extremity for patients with Gianturco stents was 102 ± 85 days and 73 days, respectively, compared with 132 ± 87 days and 142 days, respectively, for patients with Wallstents. Stricture formation in the middle of the Ultraflex stent occurred bilaterally, at the level of anastomosis in one patient in whom stent placement was undertaken in the presence of inflammation. Stent migration in one patient was related to undersizing of the stent diameter relative to the airway diameter. A larger diameter relative stent was subsequently inserted successfully.Conclusion:  Ultraflex stents appear to have fewer long‐term complications when used in the management of airway complications following LT.
Some current approaches to the evolution of plant–herbivore interactions
Authors: Futuyma Douglas J. 
Published: March 2003

Abstract‘Coevolution’ between plants and herbivorous arthropods has several meanings: cospeciation, reciprocal adaptation, and a history of ‘escape‐and‐radiation’. Few well documented examples of each are known. Most evolutionary research on insect‐plant interactions concerns the adaptations of insects to plants or of plants to insects, but little of it expressly addresses reciprocal adaptation. Modern phylogenetic research confirms that host associations in many clades of specialized insects are evolutionarily conservative. An example from leaf beetles (Ophraella) is presented, in which the historical conservatism of host shifts is mirrored by patterns of paucity of genetic variation in the ability to use novel hosts. In several species of Ophraella, genetic variation was more often discerned in responses to plants closely related to the insect’s normal host plant than to more distantly related plants. Thus availability of genetic variation might bias the evolution of host shifts, and account for the phylogenetic pattern. The difficult problem of showing that chemical and other resistance features of plants evolved for their defensive function is slowly yielding to investigation. One difficulty is that most insect herbivores are thought to be usually too rare to impose appreciable selection. Insects collectively could exert quite strong selection on resistance characters if these characters have genetically correlated effects across many species of herbivores (i.e., if selection were ‘diffuse’). Surprisingly, the little available evidence does not suggest that pervasive genetic correlations are common. I conclude that more, and more multidisciplinary, research is needed to understand the evolution of plant resistance and defense.
Natural hybridization between Pseudostellaria davidii and Pseudostellaria palibiniana (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Choi Kyung , Kim Jung Sung , Pak Jae‐Hong 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis is a report of a natural hybrid between Pseudostellaria davidii and Pseudostellaria palibiniana. Mulitivariate analysis with 19 morphological characters demonstrated that an unidentified taxon was intermediate between P. davidii and P. palibiniana. Somatic chromosome numbers of these three taxa were all identical (2n = 32). Pollen sterility was only found in the unidentified taxon. Twelve 10‐mer primers produced 18 species‐specific random amplified polymorphic DNA markers, eight for P. davidii and 10 for P. palibiniana, and all of the 18 markers also appeared in the unidentified taxon. Based on these data, this new taxon should be considered as a natural hybrid between P. davidii and P. palibiniana.