bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unprecedented, catalyst‐free, and rapid one‐pot, three‐component green synthesis of substituted 3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles in water
Authors: Patil Mayur G. , Thakur Ganesh A. , Kadu Rupashri K. , Thakur Pramod B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn efficient, unprecedented, catalyst‐free, and rapid synthesis of substituted 3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles is described by the one‐pot, three‐component reaction of hydrazine hydrate, ethyl acetoacetate, and isatins in water. The reported protocol is a green and general route for the simple preparation of new heteroaromatic substituted 3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles in quantitative yields under very mild reaction conditions by using simple, cheap, and readily available materials. The developed method is effectively applicable to a variety of isatin substrates. Operational simplicity, mild and greener reaction conditions, short reaction time, a wide scope of substrates, good isolated yields of the products, and environmentally benign reaction medium are the distinctive features of the present method.
Assessment of Pulmonary Arteries Hemodynamics and Its Relationship With Cardiac Remodeling and Myocardial Fibrosis in Athletes With Four‐Dimensional Flow MRI
Authors: Tang Mingsong , Zhang Fan , Liu Binyao , Liu Qian , Qi Wanying , Tang Min , Luo Yong , Chen Jing 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundExercise‐induced cardiac remodeling (CR) and myocardial fibrosis (MF) can increase cardiovascular risk in athletes. Early detection of pulmonary arterial hemodynamics parameters among athletes may be beneficial in optimizing the frequency of clinical follow‐ups.PurposeTo analyze the hemodynamics of pulmonary arteries and its relationship with CR and MF in athletes using four‐dimensional (4D) flow MRI.Study TypeProspective.PopulationOne hundred twenty‐one athletes (median age, 24 years; mean exercise per week 10 hours, for mean of 5 years) and twenty‐one sedentary healthy controls (median age, 25 years; exercise per week <3 hours, irregular pattern).Field Strength/SequenceTrue fast imaging with steady state free precession, time‐resolved 3D Cartesian phase‐contrast, and phase sensitive inversion recovery late gadolinium enhancement sequences at 3.0 T.AssessmentCR was defined as any cardiac parameters exceeding the 99th percentile upper reference limits, encompassing ventricular function, bi‐atrium and bi‐ventricle diameters, and ventricular wall thickness. MF was visually evaluated by three independent radiologists. 4D flow parameters were assessed in the main, right, and left pulmonary arteries (MPA, RPA, and LPA, respectively) and compared between different groups. Four machine learning (ML) models were developed to differentiate between athletes with and without CR and/or MF.Statistical TestsUnivariate analysis was used to compare groups. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the performance of the ML models.ResultsAthletes had significantly higher WSSmax in the MPA, RPA, and LPA than controls. Athletes with CR and/or MF (N = 30) had significantly lower RPmax from MPA to RPA than those without (N = 91). Among the ML models, the gradient boosting machine model had the highest performance, with an AUC of 0.90.ConclusionThe pulmonary arterial hemodynamics parameters could differentiate CR and/or MF in athletes, which may be potential to assist in optimizing frequency of follow‐up.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2
PET imaging of synaptic density in Parkinsonian disorders
Authors: Martin Sarah L. , Uribe Carme , Strafella Antonio P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSynaptic dysfunction and altered synaptic pruning are present in people with Parkinsonian disorders. Dopamine loss and alpha‐synuclein accumulation, two hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology, contribute to synaptic dysfunction and reduced synaptic density in PD. Atypical Parkinsonian disorders are likely to have unique spatiotemporal patterns of synaptic density, differentiating them from PD. Therefore, quantification of synaptic density has the potential to support diagnoses, monitor disease progression, and treatment efficacy. Novel radiotracers for positron emission tomography which target the presynaptic vesicle protein SV2A have been developed to quantify presynaptic density. The radiotracers have successfully investigated synaptic density in preclinical models of PD and people with Parkinsonian disorders. Therefore, this review will summarize the preclinical and clinical utilization of SV2A radiotracers in people with Parkinsonian disorders. We will evaluate how SV2A abundance is associated with other imaging modalities and the considerations for interpreting SV2A in Parkinsonian pathology.
ECG abnormality and predictor of new‐onset atrial fibrillation in hypertension and diabetes mellitus population: An observational analytic study from cardiovascular outpatient clinic at a National Cardiovascular Center in Indonesia
Authors: Kikuko Irawati Hajar , Julario Rerdin , Puspitasari A’rofah Nurlina , Intan Ryan Enast , Azmi Yusuf , Nisa’i Fatimah Fahrun , Savitri Cornelia Ghea , Firmanda Dwika Rasyid , Suhandoko Lidya Pertiwi , Fildzah Dini Atikah S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPopulation‐based studies have also found that diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) are independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, less is known about new‐onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) risk factors and its correlation with DM and HT. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of ECG abnormalities, and the predictor of NOAF in patients with HT and DM.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital from May until December 2021. All medical record data from outpatients who had both diagnoses HT and DM were included in this study. Data from patients with unstable hemodynamics and lack of complete medical record data were excluded. Then, patient history, medical records, ECG, and laboratory information were reviewed.ResultsThere were 162 patients included in this study. Arrhythmia was found in 14.2% of the population, with new‐onset AF (NOAF) as the most common finding with 8.6% incidence, followed by PVC (3.1%) and PAC (2.5%). Bivariate analysis showed that valvular heart disease, random blood glucose, LVEF, and infection status were associated with a higher incidence of NOA. Model from multivariate logistic regression showed that valvular heart disease and random blood glucose level were independently correlated with NOAF (p = .009).ConclusionIt can be concluded that random blood glucose level at a certain point and valvular heart disease can be used as a risk predictor of NOAF in the hypertension population with concomitant DM.
The 2023 Orthopaedic Research Society International Consensus Meeting on musculoskeletal infection
Authors: Moriarty Thomas F. , Hickok Noreen J. , Saeed Kordo , Schaer Thomas P. , Chen Antonia F. , Schwarz Edward M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Orthopaedic Research Society's Research Interest Group completed its international consensus meeting (ICM) on musculoskeletal infections (MSKI) following the 2023 Annual Meeting. The work products from this ICM include the 65 questions with recommendation and rationale, and the voting results from the 72 delegates. There are also five Consensus Articles in this issue of the Journal of Orthopaedic Research from the ICM Sections: Host Immunity, Established Infection‐Treatment, Clinical Questions not addressed by the prior MSKI ICMs, In Vitro, and Animal Models. This Introduction summarizes the 3‐year Delphi process used by the ICM with timelines and critical milestones. It also highlights several challenges that had to be addressed, and a large body of work that remains.
Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for monitoring the nutritional composition of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and frass
Authors: Alagappan Shanmugam , Hoffman Louwrens , Mikkelsen Deirdre , Mantilla Sandra Olarte , James Peter , Yarger Olympia , Cozzolino Daniel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe demand for protein obtained from animal sources is growing rapidly, as is the necessity for sustainable animal feeds. The use of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) reared on organic side streams as sustainable animal feed has been receiving attention lately. This study assessed the ability of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with chemometrics to evaluate the nutritional profile of BSFL instars (fifth and sixth) and frass obtained from two different diets, namely soy waste and customised bread‐vegetable diet. Partial least squares (PLS) regression with leave one out cross‐validation was used to develop models between the NIR spectral data and the reference analytical methods.RESULTSCalibration models with good [coefficient of determination in calibration (Rcal2): 0.90; ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) value: 3.6] and moderate (Rcal2: 0.76; RPD value: 2.1) prediction accuracy was observed for acid detergent fibre (ADF) and total carbon (TC), respectively. However, calibration models with moderate accuracy were observed for the prediction of crude protein (CP) (Rcal2: 0.63; RPD value: 1.4), crude fat (CF) (Rcal2: 0.70; RPD value: 1.6), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (Rcal2: 0.60; RPD value: 1.6), starch (Rcal2: 0.52; RPD value: 1.4), and sugars (Rcal2: 0.52; RPD value: 1.4) owing to the narrow or uneven distribution of data over the range evaluated.CONCLUSIONThe near‐infrared (NIR) calibration models showed a good to moderate prediction accuracy for the prediction of ADF and TC content for two different BSFL instars and frass reared on two different diets. However, calibration models developed for predicting CP, CF, starch, sugars and NDF resulted in models with limited prediction accuracy. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Clinical factors influencing olfactory performance in patients with persistent COVID‐19 smell loss longer than 1 year
Authors: Pendolino Alfonso Luca , Ottaviano Giancarlo , Navaratnam Annakan V. , Scarpa Bruno , Andrews Peter J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesFactors affecting persistence of COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction (OD) remain partially unknown. We aim to evaluate the clinical factors which could influence olfactory performance in patients with persistent COVID‐19‐related smell loss.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 100 patients with persistent COVID‐19‐related OD was performed between October 2020 and December 2022 at a single‐center long‐COVID smell clinic. All subjects underwent smell assessment using Sniffin' Sticks (S'S) extended test, nasal endoscopy, nasal airflow evaluation (peak nasal inspiratory flow [PNIF]), allergy test (skin prick test [SPT]) for common aeroallergens, MRI of the head and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs—VAS, SF‐36, Short QOD‐NS, SNOT‐22). Based on S'S score, subjects were divided into normosmics (TDI ≥ 30.75) and dysosmics (TDI < 30.75).ResultsThe median age was 42 years and the median length of patient‐reported OD was 1.4 years. 20 patients (20.0%) were normosmic at the time of S'S assessment. Dysosmic patients were found to have significantly lower scores at the SF‐36 health domains for energy/fatigue (p = .0004) and emotional wellbeing (p = .04) when compared to normosmics. A moderate correlation (r = .45–.59) between S'S scores and some PROMs was also demonstrated. At the multivariate analysis higher PNIF scores positively influenced odor threshold (p = .001) while positivity to SPT negatively influenced odor identification (p = .04).ConclusionsImpairment of nasal airflow and sensitivity to aeroallergens can negatively affect olfactory performance in COVID‐19‐related OD. Long‐COVID smell loss deeply affects QoL although recovery of olfaction can bring it back to a normal range.Level of EvidenceIV.
Photoacclimation dynamics in coral holobionts responding to thermal and irradiance changes correlate with photon pressure per symbiont
Authors: Mason Robert A. B. , Skirving William J. , Dove Sophie G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhotoacclimation is a key homeostatic process that enables photosymbiotic reef corals to flourish within highly variable light environments. However, the temporal dynamics of photoacclimation remain poorly characterized. We studied photoacclimation at several time points over 24 d in two scleractinian coral taxa (mounding Porites spp. and branching Acropora muricata). Coral specimens preacclimated at 24°C and 171 μmol quanta m−2 s−1 were exposed to three light levels (−32%, +27%, and +65% relative to that of the acclimation period) at two temperatures (control, 24°C; mildly stressful, 29°C). Intra‐tissue light environment—specifically, photon pressure per symbiont—increased dramatically with each additional light dose and again with increasing temperature in Porites spp.; net photosynthesis (Pnet) rates continued to change for at least 2 weeks following light increase but not light reduction, and vice versa for symbiont densities. Intra‐tissue light environments were substantially dimmer and more homogeneous among all light treatments in A. muricata, which continued to increase its light‐use efficiency and Pnet through time in most or all treatments. Consequently, prolonged change in Fv/Fm at elevated temperature in Porites spp. but not A. muricata may have been caused by differing photodamage loads. Moderation of light levels by conditions within the coral tissue seems to affect the temporal dynamics of the photoacclimation response, and this finding emphasizes new avenues for photoacclimation research.
Frequency‐Resolved Optical Gating in Transverse Geometry for On‐Chip Optical Pulse Diagnostics
Authors: Yu Huakang , Lun Yipeng , Lin Jintian , Li Yantong , Huang Xingzhao , Liu Bodong , Wu Wanling , Wang Chunhua , Cheng Ya , Li Zhi‐yuan , Khurgin Jacob B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA new on‐chip diagnostic tool is developed, allowing for real‐time full characterization of waveguided ultrashort optical pulses. This technique, called transverse frequency‐resolved optical gating (T‐FROG), relies on second harmonic generation (SHG) in a transverse (surface emitting) geometry. The T‐FROG is implemented on a thin‐film lithium niobate (LN) platform, demonstrating its versatility and consistency in accurately characterizing waveguided femtosecond pulses, including information about chirp and self‐phase modulation. In contrast to traditional FROG techniques, T‐FROG represents a significant improvement as it provides temporal amplitude and phase profiles of ultrafast optical pulses directly inside photonic integrated circuits. The real‐time in situ characteristics and dynamics of optical pulses offered by T‐FROG show promise for their potential applications in the design, testing, and optimization of ultrafast photonic integrated circuits.
Soft Hydrogels with Double Porosity Modified with RGDS for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Podhorská Bohumila , Chylíková‐Krumbholcová Eva , Dvořáková Jana , Šlouf Miroslav , Kobera Libor , Pop‐Georgievski Ognen , Frejková Markéta , Proks Vladimír , Janoušková Olga , Filipová Marcela , Chytil Petr 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study develops and characterizes novel biodegradable soft hydrogels with dual porosity based on N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers cross‐linked by hydrolytically degradable linkers. The structure and properties of the hydrogels are designed as scaffolds for tissue engineering and they are tested in vitro with model mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs). Detailed morphological characterization confirms dual porosity suitable for cell growth and nutrient transport. The dual porosity of hydrogels slightly improves rMSCs proliferation compared to the hydrogel with uniform pores. In addition, the laminin coating supports the adhesion of rMSCs to the hydrogel surface. However, hydrogels modified by heptapeptide RGDSGGY significantly stimulate cell adhesion and growth. Moreover, the RGDS‐modified hydrogels also affect the topology of proliferating rMSCs, ranging from single‐cell to multicellular clusters. The 3D reconstruction of the hydrogels with cells obtained by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) confirms cell penetration into the inner structure of the hydrogel and its corresponding microstructure. The prepared biodegradable oligopeptide‐modified hydrogels with dual porosity are suitable candidates for further in vivo evaluation in soft tissue regeneration.
A Novel PEtOx‐Based Nanogel Targeting Prostate Cancer Cells for Drug Delivery
Authors: Gülyüz Sevgi , Sessevmez Melike , Ukuser Gokcen , Khalily Melek Parlak , Tiryaki Selen , Sipahioglu Tarik , Birgül Kaan , Ömeroğlu İpek , Özçubukçu Salih , Telci Dilek , Küçükgüzel Ş. Güniz , Durmuş Mahmut , Cevher Erdal , Yılmaz Özgür 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on creating a specialized nanogel for targeted drug delivery in cancer treatment, specifically targeting prostate cancer. This nanogel (referred to as SGK 636/Peptide 563/PEtOx nanogel) is created using hydrophilic poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PEtOx) through a combination of living/cationic ring‐opening polymerization (CROP) and alkyne‐azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) “click” chemical reactions. A fluorescent probe (BODIPY) is also conjugated with the nanogel to monitor drug delivery. The characterizations through 1H‐NMR, and FT‐IR, SEM, TEM, and DLS confirm the successful production of uniform, and spherical nanogels with controllable sizes (100 to 296 nm) and stability in physiological conditions. The biocompatibility of nanogels is evaluated using MTT cytotoxicity assays, revealing dose‐dependent cytotoxicity. Drug‐loaded nanogels exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity against cancer cells in vitro compared to drug‐free nanogels. Targeting efficiency is examined using both peptide‐conjugated and peptide‐free nanogels, with the intracellular uptake of peptide 563‐conjugated nanogels by tumor cells being 60‐fold higher than that of nanogels without the peptide. The findings suggest that the prepared nanogel holds great potential for various drug delivery applications due to its ease of synthesis, tunable functionality, non‐toxicity, and enhanced intracellular uptake in the tumor region.
Multiblock Poly‐ε‐Caprolactones: One‐Step Synthesis toward Programmable Properties
Authors: Shen Ting , Deng Kaicheng , Chen Yuewei , He Yong , Zhu Yang , Xu Junting , Ling Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractControl of monomer sequence enables predictable structure–property relationships in versatile polymeric materials. The facile synthesis of multiblock copolymers (MBCPs) with controlled chain structure is highly challenging, particularly for those prepared via one‐pot copolymerization of mixed monomers. Herein, poly‐ε‐caprolactone MBCPs, a series of thermoplastic elastomers with tailored thermal, mechanical, rheological, and degradable properties, are synthesized by Janus polymerization. Melting temperature, tensile strength, ductility, viscosity, and enzymatic degradability are governed by block length which is in turn dictated by the monomer‐to‐catalyst feed ratio. The relationships between the physicochemical properties and the architectures are investigated in detail.
Influence of a commonly accepted hardness tolerance on the thermo‐mechanical and vibration‐insulating properties of an acrylonitrile‐butadiene elastomer
Authors: Frick A. , Ernst C. , Taha I. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDie Shore‐Härte dient nach wie vor als charakteristisches Merkmal für Elastomere. Gummimischungen mit einer Härte von 60 Shore A werden u. a. für Elemente zur Schwingungsisolierung eingesetzt; die Härte von Dichtungen für die Pneumatik liegt im Bereich 80 Shore A und für die Hydraulik bei etwa 95 Shore A. Die Härte einer Gummimischung wird u. a. durch den Füllstoffgehalt im Kautschuk bestimmt, mit zunehmendem Füllstoffgehalt steigen die Härte und damit die Steifigkeit einer Mischung. Industrielle Gummihersteller tolerieren ihre Werkstoffe häufig mit einer Toleranz von ±3 Shore A. Dieser Wert erscheint gering und wird deswegen von den Anwendern oft akzeptiert. Die Bedeutung dieser Toleranz für die Gebrauchseigenschaften wird am Beispiel einer Acrylnitril‐Butadien‐Mischung mit einer Shore‐Härte von 60 Shore A und Härtetoleranz von ±3 Shore A untersucht. Die Ergebnisse von Zugversuchen und der dynamisch‐mechanischen‐thermischen Analyse an den Proben zeigen, bereits eine geringe Abweichung von der nominellen Härte bewirkt einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Materialsteifigkeit und Dämpfung im gesamten Anwendungstemperaturbereich. Durchgeführte Vibrationstests belegen ebenso eine große Variation im Schwingungsübertragungsverhalten, die eine solche Härtetoleranz bedingt.
Factors influencing enterprise organizational resilience: Evidence based on machine learning
Authors: Meng Tao , Zhang Tiankai , Chen Mengyuan , Cao Jiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper synthesizes the differences in the predictive power of multidimensional firm characteristics on organizational resilience and further identifies the key characteristics and their specific impact patterns. It is found that the firm's stability during the crisis depends more on the pre‐crisis firm's operating conditions, while the post‐crisis firm's flexibility depends more on the firm's internal and external resources. Besides, some firm characteristics rank higher in predicting the importance of organizational resilience. This study examines organizational resilience characteristics from a more comprehensive perspective and provides empirical evidence on how managers can better respond to systemic crises and enhance organizational resilience.
Trends of sustainable recycling technology for lithium‐ion batteries: Metal recovery from conventional metallurgical processes to innovative direct recycling
Authors: Dong Yongteng , Ji Haocheng , Wu Xiaoxue , Zheng Nengzhan , Wang Junxiong , Ji Guanjun , Chen Yuanmao , Zhou Guangmin , Liang Zheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe remarkable market growth of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) for various applications has been witnessed in the past two decades. However, as a retirement wave of more and more LIBs approaches, the disposed end‐of‐life batteries represent a growing hazard to ecosystem and human health. Recycling valuable metals from those spent LIBs still remain challenging because the current conventional metallurgical recycling processes involve the emission of toxic gas and waste chemicals as well as intensive energy consumption. These processes are not considered as green recycling approaches that contradict with the principles of carbon neutrality and circular economy embraced by the world. Hence, implementing green and sustainable recycling technologies of spent LIBs, especially for cathode materials, is an urgent need. This review provides a comprehensive understanding and critical evaluation of traditional pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and state‐of‐the‐art direct recycling for recovering valuable metal materials from the spent LIB cathode. The fundamentals, methods, efficiencies, and feasibility of the three recycling approaches are also assessed. In addition, the recent progress for green innovation of hydrometallurgical and direct recycling processes as well as the potential research tendency for spent LIBs are discussed.