bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symmetry resolution of the computable cross-norm negativity of two disjoint intervals in the massless Dirac field theory
Authors: Bruno Andrea , Ares Filiberto , Murciano Sara , Calabrese Pasquale 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We investigate how entanglement in the mixed state of a quantum field theory can be described using the cross-computable norm or realignment (CCNR) criterion, employing a recently introduced negativity. We study its symmetry resolution for two disjoint intervals in the ground state of the massless Dirac fermion field theory, extending previous results for the case of adjacent intervals. By applying the replica trick, this problem boils down to computing the charged moments of the realignment matrix. We show that, for two disjoint intervals, they correspond to the partition function of the theory on a torus with a non-contractible charged loop. This confers a great advantage compared to the negativity based on the partial transposition, for which the Riemann surfaces generated by the replica trick have higher genus. This result empowers us to carry out the replica limit, yielding analytic expressions for the symmetry-resolved CCNR negativity. Furthermore, these expressions provide also the symmetry decomposition of other related quantities such as the operator entanglement of the reduced density matrix or the reflected entropy.
The chiral Lagrangian of CP-violating axion-like particles
Authors: Di Luzio Luca , Levati Gabriele , Paradisi Paride 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We discuss the construction of the most general CP-violating chiral Lagrangian for an axion-like particle (ALP). Starting with an effective Lagrangian containing light quarks and gluons, we provide its matching onto a chiral effective Lagrangian at $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(p2) described in terms of mesons and baryons, identifying the correspondence between the Jarlskog invariants of the two theories. After deriving the ALP interactions with mesons and baryons, we analyse a few relevant phenomenological implications such as the permanent electric dipole moments of nucleons and the CP-violating ALP and kaon decays. This work provides the necessary tools for further phenomenological analyses connecting low-energy observables with the couplings of the underlying ultraviolet complete theory.
Perturbative BF Theory in Axial, Anosov Gauge
Authors: Schiavina Michele , Stucker Thomas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe twisted Ruelle zeta function of a contact, Anosov vector field, is shown to be equal, as a meromorphic function of the complex parameter $$\hbar \in \mathbb {C}$$

ħ
∈
C

and up to a phase, to the partition function of an $$\hbar $$
ħ
-linear quadratic perturbation of BF theory, using an “axial” gauge fixing condition given by the Anosov vector field. Equivalently, it is also obtained as the expectation value of the same quadratic, $$\hbar $$
ħ
-linear, perturbation, within a perturbative quantisation scheme for BF theory, suitably generalised to work when propagators have distributional kernels.
Dosimetric advantages for cardiac substructures in radiotherapy of esophageal cancer in deep-inspiration breath hold
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Allam , Douglas Melina Nausikaa , Bruners Philipp , Eble Michael J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Radiotherapy is one of the main treatment options for patients with esophageal cancer; however, it has been linked with an increased risk of cardiac toxicities. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of planning the radiation in deep-inspiration breath hold (DIBH) on the dose sparing of cardiac substructures and lung.

Materials and methods
In this study, we analyzed 30 radiation therapy plans from 15 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer planned for neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Radiation plans were generated for 41.4 Gy and delivered in 1.8 Gy per fraction for free-breathing (FB) and DIBH techniques. We then conducted a comparative dosimetric analysis, evaluating target volume coverage, the impact on cardiac substructures, and lung doses across the two planning techniques for each patient.

Results
There was no significant disparity in target volume dose coverage between DIBH and FB plans. However, the Dmean, D2%, and V30% of the heart experienced substantial reductions in DIBH relative to FB, with values of 6.21 versus 7.02 Gy (p = 0.011), 35.28 versus 35.84 Gy (p = 0.047), and 5% versus 5.8% (p = 0.048), respectively. The Dmean of the left ventricle was notably lower in DIBH compared to FB (4.27 vs. 5.12 Gy, p = 0.0018), accompanied by significant improvements in V10. Additionally, the Dmean and D2% of the left coronary artery, as well as the D2% of the right coronary artery, were significantly lower in DIBH. The dosimetric impact of DIBH on cardiac substructures proved more advantageous for middle esophageal (ME) than distal esophageal (DE) tumors.

Conclusion
Radiotherapy in DIBH could provide a method to reduce the radiation dose to the left ventricle and coronaries, which could reduce the cardiac toxicity of the modality.
Inzidenz, Behandlung und Prognose des Prostatakarzinoms in Baden-Württemberg: Analyse anhand von Krebsregisterdaten
Authors: Worst Thomas Stefan , Surovtsova Irina , Vogel Tilo , Zauser Martin , Neuberger Manuel Christian , Wessels Frederik , Michel Maurice Stephan , Nuhn Philipp , Morakis Philipp 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Prostatakarzinom (PCa) ist die häufigste solide Tumorerkrankung des Mannes in Deutschland. Die Erfassung epidemiologischer und klinischer Daten erfolgt seit mehreren Jahren aufgrund gesetzlicher Vorgaben zentralisiert über die Landeskrebsregister. Damit ist die Meldung von Erstdiagnosen (ED), Therapien und Verläufen von Krebserkrankungen in Deutschland verpflichtend. Entsprechend der Fragestellungen der Behandler müssen diese Daten aufbereitet werden.

Ziele
Intention dieser Arbeit war die Darstellung der Entwicklung von Neuerkrankungen, Erkrankungsstadien, Behandlungsverfahren und Prognose des PCa in Baden-Württemberg (BW).

Methoden
Ausgewertet wurden hierfür die Daten des Krebsregisters BW von Patienten mit PCa in den ED-Jahren 2013 bis 2021. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels deskriptiver Statistik, χ2-Test und Kaplan-Meier-Analysen.

Ergebnisse
Gemeldet wurden 84.347 PCa-ED. Bei 55,3 % der Patienten lag das klinische Stadium und bei 75,7 % das ISUP-Grading vor. Bis 2019 zeigte sich ein Anstieg der ED. Der Anteil primär metastasierter Erkrankungen war rückläufig (2013: 19,6 %, 2021: 12,0 %), der Anteil lokalisierter Tumoren (2013: 65,5 %, 2021: 77,1 %) nahm zu. Bei der Therapie lokal begrenzter Tumoren dominierte die radikale Prostatektomie (RP) mit im Mittel 60,1 %. Der Anteil der roboterassistierten Operationen stieg von 23,7 % (2013) auf 60,8 % (2021) bei einem Rückgang der R1-Rate von 34,8 % auf 26,2 %. Das progressionsfreie Überleben korrelierte mit dem Tumorstadium und der ISUP-Gruppe.

Schlussfolgerung
Es zeigte sich ein Anstieg der gemeldeten PCa-Fälle, wobei der Anteil der spät diagnostizierten Tumoren abnahm. Die Behandlung erfolgte in lokalisierten Stadien zumeist operativ, mit steigendem Anteil der roboterassistierten RP. Langfristig prognoseentscheidend sind die frühzeitige Diagnosestellung und Behandlung.

Graphic abstract
Warming-induced flowering and fruiting in the seagrass Posidonia oceanica and uncertainties due to context-dependent features
Authors: Stipcich Patrizia , La Manna Gabriella , Ceccherelli Giulia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impacts of global warming on the reproductive efforts of Posidonia oceanica, a key seagrass species endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. By analyzing data from five areas in Sardinia in February 2023, we have investigated the relationship between thermal descriptors and P. oceanica flowering and fruiting variables. In fact, whether climate change has been affected the distribution of seagrasses by changing their reproductive efforts is still controversial and our findings contribute to this ongoing debate, highlighting a noticeable increase in reproductive events potentially affected by rising temperature. Overall, mean summer sea surface temperature (SST) was positively associated to inflorescence density, presence of living fruits and fruit size; living fruits and fruit size were also influenced positively by the maximum SST within 3 months before sampling (November–February). Both flowering and fruiting were negatively affected by the maximum SST within 1 month before inflorescence observation and mean winter SST, respectively, suggesting that P. oceanica reproductive effort depends on the duration and the temporal context in which the anomaly occurs. However, the high variability between meadows of the same area highlights the need of future studies to focus on the uncertainties related to local factors.
Recombinant mannan-binding lectin magnetic beads increase pathogen detection in immunocompromised patients
Authors: Xiao-Ping Chen , Hao Zheng , Ru-Li Feng , Jin-Xing Lu , Yu-Jun Dong , Ze-Yin Liang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The microbiological diagnosis of infection for hematological malignancy patients receiving chemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) patients relies primarily on standard microbial culture, especially blood culture, which has many shortcomings, such as having low positive rates, being time-consuming and having a limited pathogenic spectrum. In this prospective observational self-controlled test accuracy study, blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected from chemotherapy or allo-HSCT patients with clinical symptoms of infections who were hospitalized at Peking University First Hospital. Possible pathogens were detected by the method based on recombinant mannan-binding lectin (MBL) magnetic bead enrichment (M1 method) and simultaneously by a standard method. The analytical sensitivity of M1 method was close to that of standard culture method. Besides, the turn-around time of M1-method was significantly shorter than that of standard culture method. Moreover, the M1 method also added diagnostic value through the detection of some clinically relevant microbes missed by the standard method. M1 method could significantly increase the detection efficiency of pathogens (including bacteria and fungi) in immunocompromised patients.

Key points
• The detection results of M1-method had a high coincidence rate with that of standard method
• M1 method detected many pathogens which had not been found by standard clinic method
Quality assessment of the MRI-radiomics studies for MGMT promoter methylation prediction in glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Doniselli Fabio M. , Pascuzzo Riccardo , Mazzi Federica , Padelli Francesco , Moscatelli Marco , Akinci D’Antonoli Tugba , Cuocolo Renato , Aquino Domenico , Cuccarini Valeria , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the methodological quality and diagnostic accuracy of MRI-based radiomic studies predicting O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status in gliomas.

Methods
PubMed Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched to identify MRI-based radiomic studies on MGMT methylation in gliomas published until December 31, 2022. Three raters evaluated the study methodological quality with Radiomics Quality Score (RQS, 16 components) and Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD, 22 items) scales. Risk of bias and applicability concerns were assessed with QUADAS-2 tool. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled area under the curve (AUC) and to assess inter-study heterogeneity.

Results
We included 26 studies, published from 2016. The median RQS total score was 8 out of 36 (22%, range 8–44%). Thirteen studies performed external validation. All studies reported AUC or accuracy, but only 4 (15%) performed calibration and decision curve analysis. No studies performed phantom analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, and prospective validation. The overall TRIPOD adherence score was between 50% and 70% in 16 studies and below 50% in 10 studies. The pooled AUC was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.73–0.83, I2 = 94.1%) with a high inter-study heterogeneity. Studies with external validation and including only WHO-grade IV gliomas had significantly lower AUC values (0.65; 95% CI, 0.57–0.73, p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Study RQS and adherence to TRIPOD guidelines was generally low. Radiomic prediction of MGMT methylation status showed great heterogeneity of results and lower performances in grade IV gliomas, which hinders its current implementation in clinical practice.

Clinical relevance statement
MGMT promoter methylation status appears to be variably correlated with MRI radiomic features; radiomic models are not sufficiently robust to be integrated into clinical practice to accurately predict MGMT promoter methylation status in patients with glioma before surgery.

Key Points
• Adherence to the indications of TRIPOD guidelines was generally low, as was RQS total score.
• MGMT promoter methylation status prediction with MRI radiomic features provided heterogeneous diagnostic accuracy results across studies.
• Studies that included grade IV glioma only and performed external validation had significantly lower diagnostic accuracy than others.
Neurological sphincter deficiency: is there a place for artificial urinary sphincter?
Authors: Vrijens Desiree , Kendall Harry , Hervé François 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Neurogenic stress urinary incontinence (N-SUI) is a condition with serious impact on the quality of life. There are several treatment modalities of which the artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) stands out as the most suitable technique for addressing sphincter insufficiency. In this article, the purpose is to describe practical considerations, outcomes, and complications of the artificial urinary sphincter in neurological sphincter deficiency in both males and females.

Methods
A narrative review of the current literature.

Results
The outcomes of AUS are reasonably good in patients with NLUTD, the surgical technique is discussed as well as the limitations and special considerations in this complex and heterogeneous patient population.

Conclusion
The available evidence suggests that its efficacy and functional durability may be lower in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) compared to those without neurological deficits. However, studies have shown that AUS can still provide effective and safe continence outcomes in both male and female patients, with long-term device survival rates ranging from several years to over a decade.
Involvement of sodium–glucose cotransporter-1 activities in maintaining oscillatory Cl− currents from mouse submandibular acinar cells
Authors: Takeyasu Misa , Kozai Katsuyuki , Sugita Makoto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn salivary acinar cells, cholinergic stimulation induces elevations of cytosolic [Ca2+]i to activate the apical exit of Cl− through TMEM16A Cl− channels, which acts as a driving force for fluid secretion. To sustain the Cl− secretion, [Cl−]i must be maintained to levels that are greater than the electrochemical equilibrium mainly by Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter-mediated Cl− entry in basolateral membrane. Glucose transporters carry glucose into the cytoplasm, enabling the cells to produce ATP to maintain Cl− and fluid secretion. Sodium–glucose cotransporter-1 is a glucose transporter highly expressed in acinar cells. The salivary flow is suppressed by the sodium–glucose cotransporter-1 inhibitor phlorizin. However, it remains elusive how sodium–glucose cotransporter-1 contributes to maintaining salivary fluid secretion. To examine if sodium–glucose cotransporter-1 activity is required for sustaining Cl− secretion to drive fluid secretion, we analyzed the Cl− currents activated by the cholinergic agonist, carbachol, in submandibular acinar cells while comparing the effect of phlorizin on the currents between the whole-cell patch and the gramicidin-perforated patch configurations. Phlorizin suppressed carbachol-induced oscillatory Cl− currents by reducing the Cl− efflux dependent on the Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter-mediated Cl− entry in addition to affecting TMEM16A activity. Our results suggest that the sodium–glucose cotransporter-1 activity is necessary for maintaining the oscillatory Cl− secretion supported by the Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter activity in real time to drive fluid secretion. The concerted effort of sodium–glucose cotransporter-1, Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter, and apically located Cl− channels might underlie the efficient driving of Cl− secretion in different secretory epithelia from a variety of animal species.
Atmospheric responses to the interannual variability of sea surface temperature front in the summertime Southern Ocean
Authors: Rao Qian-Rong , Zhang Li , Ren Xuya , Wu Lixin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAir–sea interactions in mid-latitudes and their climatic effects have long been a research focus. However, the influence of the variability of the Southern Oceanic Front (SOF) on atmospheric processes at interannual timescales remains somewhat ambiguous from existing studies. Using reanalysis data, our findings reveal that the SOF reaches its maximum intensity during the austral summer, characterized by pronounced interannual variability and an insignificant trend. On the one hand, an enhanced SOF intensifies the meridional temperature gradient and atmospheric baroclinicity, accompanied by increased local and downstream baroclinic energy conversion. This amplifies storm track activities in both the lower and upper troposphere. On the other hand, the atmospheric circulation in mid- and high-latitudes exhibits an equivalent barotropic response. This is attributed to the feedback of storm tracks on the mean flow, dominated by the transient eddy vorticity forcing. Moreover, we compare the relative contributions of the South Indian Oceanic Front (SIOF) and South Atlantic Oceanic Front (SAOF) variability to storm track and atmospheric circulation. Results indicate that the SIOF variability dominates the downstream development of storm track response and modulates the anomalous atmospheric circulation around the Antarctic, while the SAOF variability produces only a limited local atmospheric response.
Quality indicators for ambulatory colectomy: literature search and expert consensus
Authors: Coeckelberghs Ellen , Bislenghi Gabriele , Wolthuis Albert , Teunkens An , Dewinter Geertrui , Coppens Steve , Vanhaecht Kris , D’Hoore André 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Care for patients undergoing elective colectomy has become increasingly standardized using Enhanced Recovery Programs (ERP). ERP, encorporating minimally invasive surgery (MIS), decreased postoperative morbidity and length of stay (LOS). However, disruptive changes are needed to safely introduce colectomy in an ambulatory or same-day discharge (SDD) setting. Few research groups showed the feasibility of ambulatory colectomy. So far, no minimum standards for the quality of care of this procedure have been defined. This study aims to identify quality indicators (QIs) that assess the quality of care for ambulatory colectomy.

Methods
A literature search was performed to identify recommendations for ambulatory colectomy. Based on that search, a set of QIs was identified and categorized into seven domains: preparation of the patient (pre-admission), anesthesia, surgery, in-hospital monitoring, home monitoring, feasibility, and clinical outcomes. This list was presented to a panel of international experts (surgeons and anesthesiologists) in a 1 round Delphi to assess the relevance of the proposed indicators.

Results
Based on the literature search (2010–2021), 3841 results were screened on title and abstract for relevant information. Nine papers were withheld to identify the first set of QIs (n = 155). After excluding duplicates and outdated QIs, this longlist was narrowed down to 88 indicators. Afterward, consensus was reached in a 1 round Delphi on a final list of 32 QIs, aiming to be a comprehensive set to evaluate the quality of ambulatory colectomy care.

Conclusion
We propose a list of 32 QI to guide and evaluate the implementation of ambulatory colectomy.
Construction of A-stable explicit last-stage diagonal implicit Runge–Kutta (ELDIRK) methods
Authors: Mahnken Rolf , Westermann Hendrik 
Published: February 2024

AbstractELDIRK methods are defined to have an Explicit Last stage in the general Butcher array of Diagonal Implicit Runge-Kutta methods, with the consequence, that no additional system of equations must be solved, compared to the embedded RK method. Two general formulations for second- and third-order ELDIRK methods have been obtained recently in Mahnken [21] with specific schemes, e.g. for the embedded implicit Euler method, the embedded trapezoidal-rule and the embedded Ellsiepen method. In the first part of this paper, we investigate some general stability characteristics of ELDIRK methods, and it will be shown that the above specific RK schemes are not A-stable. Therefore, in the second part, the above-mentioned general formulations are used for further stability investigations, with the aim to construct new second- and third-order ELDIRK methods which simultaneously are A-stable. Two numerical examples are concerned with the curing for a thermosetting material and phase-field RVE modeling for crystallinity and orientation. The numerical results confirm the theoretical results on convergence order and stability.
Covering young avocado ‘Hass’ trees with high-density shading nets during the winter mitigates frost damage and improves tree performance
Authors: Lahak Michal , Alon Eitan , Chen Assaf , Rubinovich Lior 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Key message
Covering young ‘Hass’ trees with Silver 60% shading nets during cold winters mitigates frost damage and improves tree performance, apparently through a mechanism other than increasing nighttime air temperature.

Abstract
Avocado is a commercially important subtropical evergreen fruit tree. Severe frost may damage foliage, floral buds, flowers and fruit, thereby reducing avocado crop yield and restricting its geographical distribution and expansion. Shading nets are frequently used to protect agricultural crops from climate-related damage. To determine their ability to mitigate frost damage, Silver 60% shading nets were deployed over young ‘Hass’ trees during two consecutive winters and uncovered trees served as controls. Freezing and chilling temperatures occurred in the experimental orchard during the winter of each year, from December to March, reaching − 2.49 ℃ in January 2022. In the control, 93% of the examined floral buds were severely damaged compared to 4% in the Silver 60% trees. Damage to young vegetative shoots was assessed at 4.35 out of 5 in the control compared to 0.5 out of 5 in the Silver 60% trees. In both years, minimum air temperatures under the Silver 60% shading nets were similar to those of the control. Leaf-level photosynthetic photon flux density was ~ 60% lower under the shading nets. In most measurements, CO2-assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) and chlorophyll concentration in the leaves of the Silver 60% trees were higher than, or similar to the controls. Trunk diameter and flowering intensity of the Silver 60% trees were higher than for the control. These results indicate that covering young ‘Hass’ trees with Silver 60% shading nets during cold winters can mitigate frost damage and improve tree performance.