bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deterministic Modeling for Radiation Attenuation-integrated Radon Transform in Emission Computed Tomography: Algorithm, Curve Fitting Analysis, and Introduction of Attenuation Hadamard Matrix
Authors: Qutbi Mohsen 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to propose an algorithm to implement and visualize radiation attenuation-integrated Radon transform based on Beer–Lambert law during emission computed tomography simulation using a deterministic model and also to perform image analysis on resulting images.

Methods:
Two types of phantoms are designed: plain-disk phantom and patterned-disk phantom. The large disk is filled with an activity of 5 units and the smaller disks have 10 units of activity of 99mTc isotope as an emission map. Three transmission maps for patterned-disk phantom are created with uniform linear attenuation coefficient. Phantoms are scanned with 360° and 180° acquisition arcs. Then, using the algorithm designed, the exponential Radon transform is implemented. After that, the projections are back-projected and filtered to generate tomographic slices. Finally, all slices are analyzed using profile plotting and curve fitting. Moreover, an attenuation Hadamard matrix is provided to facilitate attenuation modeling.

Results:
The uniform intensity of activity in the phantoms is converted to a disk with progressively decreasing intensity from the periphery to the center in the tomographic slices. Similarly, the circles positioned more centrally appear less intense than those positioned in the periphery, despite all circles having equal activity. When the phantom is scanned in 180° arc, the circles closest to the camera are visualized more intensely. The profile curves of the slices generated by exponential Radon transformation are depicted as U-shaped in profile plotting and are fitted to a bi-exponential function with a near-perfect precision.

Conclusions:
The incorporation of radiation attenuation results in the development of more realistic models for quantification purposes.
Is the severity of alopecia areata associated with arterial stiffness?
Authors: Najafi Mohammad Taghi , Abedini Robabeh , Ghandi Narges , Seraji Shadab , Sadeghi Yasaman 
Published: December 2023

Background:
This study aimed to evaluate the severity of alopecia areata (AA) associations with metabolic syndrome, body composition evaluated by bioimpedance techniques, and arterial stiffness based on pulse-wave velocity analysis.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients referred to AA Clinic at Razi Hospital in 2021 and 2022. Patients with AA with the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score above 20% and receiving no systemic therapy were included. Patient demographic and clinical information, symptoms of metabolic syndrome, and bioimpedance factors were collected, and the relationship between disease severity, metabolic syndrome, and bioimpedance indicators was evaluated.

Results:
In this study, 59 patients were examined, with 26 (44.07%) being female and 33 (55.93%) being male. The mean age of the patients was 37.42 years (standard deviation [SD] =11.28). The severity of the disease was assessed using the SALT score, with the mean severity in terms of the percentage being 69.83% (SD = 28.57%). In the regression model, SALT score was independently related to the severity of vascular stiffness after adjusting for the effect of other variables (beta = 0.033, 95% CI = 0.009–0.057, P = 0.046). Moreover, SALT score was significantly related to metabolic syndrome after adjusting for the effect of other variables (OR = 1.035, 95% CI = 1.012–1.059, P = 0.002).

Conclusion:
This study found that AA severity is associated with a higher chance of having metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness which may lead to cardiovascular diseases in patients with AA, and screening patients regarding cardiometabolic diseases is mandated.
Outcome evaluation of ECF, DCF, FOLFOX, and FLOT chemotherapy regimens as perioperative treatment in elderly patients with resectable gastric cancer; A retrospective comparative study
Authors: Forouhari Ali , Moghaddas Azadeh , Darakhshandeh Ali 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The incidence of gastric cancer is known to be high in the elderly population. Identification of the best perioperative chemotherapy regimen is challenging in patients with resectable gastric cancer. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the outcomes and safety of epirubicin, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (ECF), docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF), oxaliplatin plus 5-Fluorouracil and leucovorin (FOLFOX), and docetaxel, oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and 5-Fluorouracil (FLOT) chemotherapy regimens to identify the most appropriate treatment option for elderly patients with resectable gastric cancer.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective observational cohort study, data were extracted from the medical archives (2017–2021) of Omid Hospital, which is a tertiary oncology referral hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Patients with resectable gastric cancer, above 60 years of age, who were perioperatively treated with one of the mentioned chemotherapy regimens and met the inclusion criteria, were enrolled in this study. The survival parameters and safety profile of the regimens were evaluated and compared in this population.

Results:
A total of 63 patients were included in this study. The median follow-up period of the patients was 24 months (range, 7–51 months). The results of survival analysis revealed that the FLOT and DCF regimens were significantly associated with longer overall survival (OS) as compared to the other regimens (median OS: 38 and 33 months, respectively). Based on the results, the progression-free survival was longer in the DCF regimen (median: 24 months) compared to the other regimens; however, only the difference with the ECF regimen (median: 14 months) was significant. The results of Cox regression analysis showed no significant difference in the overall adjusted hazard ratio of mortality between the FLOT and DCF regimens (P = 0.802). The DCF and FOLFOX regimens accounted for the highest and lowest rates of adverse events (e.g., neutropenia and mucositis), respectively.

Conclusion:
Considering the higher rate of adverse events in the DCF group, besides the significant improvement of OS and the acceptable adverse event profile of patients treated with the FLOT regimen, it can be proposed that this chemotherapy regimen is the most appropriate treatment option for elderly patients with resectable gastric cancer.
Burnout among COVID-19 hospital-based contact tracers in Singapore: results of a mixed-method, cross-sectional multicentre study
Authors: Ng Ian Matthias , Wong Tzu-Jung , Yang Yong , Venkatachalam Indumathi , Sim Jean Xiang Ying , Wee Liang En , Liew Tau Ming , Boon Evelyn , Ng Tong Yong , Han Hwi Kwang , Tan Diana Yuen Lan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, contact tracers were under immense pressure to deliver effective and timely contact tracing, raising concerns of higher susceptibility to burnout. Our study aimed to determine burnout prevalence among hospital-based contact tracers and associated risk factors, so that interventions to reduce burnout risk could be formulated.

Methods:
One hundred and ninety-six active contact tracers across three hospitals within a healthcare cluster were invited to complete an anonymous online survey. To identify burntout, data such as demographics, work-related variables and contact tracing-related variables were collected using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Associated factors were identified using multivariate statistics. Open-ended questions were included to understand the challenges and potential improvements through qualitative analysis.

Results:
A total of 126 participants completed the survey, giving a completion rate of 64%, and almost half of these participants (42.9%) reported burnout. Protective factors included being on work-from-home arrangements (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08–0.56), perception of being well supported by their institution (adjusted OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.08–0.80) and being married (adjusted OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.12–0.64). Risk factors included having an administrative role pre–COVID-19 (adjusted OR 3.62, 95% CI 1.33–9.83). Work-related burnout was related to being activated for more than 1 day in the preceding week (unadjusted OR 3.25, 95% CI 1.33–7.94) and multiple activations in a day (unadjusted OR 3.54, 95% CI 1.44–4.41). Biggest challenges identified by participants were language barrier (62.7%), followed by workflow-related issues (42.1%).

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated burnout and other challenges faced by a team of mostly hospital-based administrative staff redeployed on a part-time basis to ensure timely contact tracing. To mitigate burnout, we recommend choosing staff on work-from-home arrangements and ensuring adequate manpower and rostering arrangements.
Characteristics and outcome of patients with anorexia nervosa on medical nutritional therapy: an institutional study with review of literature
Authors: Teo Denise Elizabeth Shi Yun , Teong Valerie Wei Ling , Ramachandran Rajeev , Lim Su Lin , Lin Charlotte Xianghui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Eating disorders (EDs) are debilitating mental illnesses that can lead to significant medical complications from malnutrition. Eating disorders are on the rise in Asia and the prevalence is expected to increase. The aim of this study was to understand the characteristics of local patients and evaluate our current inpatient nutritional rehabilitation protocol for anorexia nervosa (AN).

Methods:
Retrospective descriptive data were gathered from 47 patients diagnosed with AN. Patients with admissions were further stratified according to their nutritional management based on whether they were on the AN protocol or standard hospital care. Data on their rate of weight gain, length of stay and calorie prescription were collected.

Results:
Similar to previous studies, the majority of AN patients were female (96.7%). However, the age at presentation of AN in this study, as compared with previous local studies, had decreased (14 vs. 16 years). We also found that patients on the AN protocol were prescribed a higher amount of calories than those given standard care (2,700 vs. 2,317 calories). Patients on the AN protocol achieved a higher rate of weight gain per week (1.15 vs. 0.29 kg) and had a shorter length of hospital stay (23 vs. 36 days).

Conclusion:
Patients with AN appear to be presenting at a younger age. Medical stabilisation of AN patients can be achieved more quickly through a higher calorie inpatient AN treatment protocol. Future local studies examining actual calorie consumption, its effect on weight gain trajectory, severity of refeeding syndrome and time to remission will be beneficial.
Males and females with scleroderma: A comparative study in a Brazilian sample
Authors: Costa Matheus , Jorge Igor , Martin Patricia , Nisihara Renato , Skare Thelma 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and serological profile in systemic sclerosis (SSc) by comparing females and males.
Patients and methods: This retrospective study was conducted with 215 SSc patients (193 females, 22 males; mean age: 50.1±14.5 years; range, 16 to 88 years) between September 2005 and September 2020. Disease severity was calculated by the Medsger severity score. Males and females were compared for clinical and serological markers.
Results: Females more frequently had esophageal involvement (p=0.003), telangiectasias (p=0.03), and antinuclear antibodies (p=0.04). Males more frequently had fingertip scars (p=0.03), digital ulcers (p=0.006), and a worse median Medsger severity score (6 in males vs. 4 in females, p=0.05).
Conclusion: In the studied sample, males had more severe disease than females with greater repercussions in periferic circulatory system.
The evaluation of tibial nerve using shear-wave elastography and ultrasound in patients with systemic sclerosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kaymaz Serdar , Yiğit Murat , Ufuk Furkan , Sarılar Burak , Karasu Uğur , Çobankara Veli , Sabir Nuran , Alkan Hakan 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate stiffness and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the tibial nerve (TN) using shear wave elastography (SWE) and ultrasound (US) and investigate the relationship of these with disease activity, quality of life, and severity of neuropathic pain in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).
Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study included 28 SSc patients (1 male, 27 females; mean age: 50±11 years; range, 28 to 67 years) and 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (4 males, 18 females; mean age: 48±6 years; range, 37 to 66 years) between March and April 2022. US and SWE were performed on the TN, and CSA and nerve stiffness were measured. The TN was examined by a radiologist, 4 cm proximal to the medial malleolus. A few days later, an evaluation was performed in the second session by a second observer to investigate inter-and intraobserver agreement. Interobserver agreement was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire, European League Against Rheumatism European Scleroderma Trial and Research (EUSTAR) group activity index, and Douleur-Neuropathique 4 scores of the patients were evaluated. Correlations between the questionnaires and measurements of nerve stiffness and CSA were assessed.
Results: Patients with SSc had significantly higher stiffness and CSA values of the right TN compared to healthy controls (p<0.001 and p=0.015, respectively). The nerve stiffness values of the right TN were positively correlated with the EUSTAR activity index (p=0.004, r=0.552). The CSA of the left TN was larger in patients with SSc (21.3±4.9 mm2 ) than in controls (12.8±3.4 mm2 ), and the nerve elasticity was positively correlated with the EUSTAR activity index (p=0.001, r=0.618). The interobserver agreement was moderate to good for measuring stiffness and CSA of the TN (ICC were 0.660 and 0.818, respectively). There was a good to excellent intraobserver agreement for measuring stiffness and CSA of TN (ICC were 0.843 and 0.940, respectively).
Conclusion: The increased disease activity in patients with SSc is associated with TN involvement, which can be demonstrated by US and SWE.
Hubungan Karakteristik Pasien Hipertensi Dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 Di Pelayanan Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Panti Rahayu Yogyakarta
Authors: Lola Panggah Pertiwi Hedwigis , Subiyanto Paulus , Ratnawati Emmelia 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAC
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new type of coronavirus and became an outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Hypertension patients are the highest comorbidities because it will complicate the patient's condition. COVID-19 such as wearing masks, washing hands, maintaining distance and much more.
Objective: To determine the relationship of characteristics of hypertension patients (age, gender, education, occupation) with the prevention behavior of COVID-19 transmission in outpatient services Panti Rahayu Hospital Yogyakarta.
Methods: The method used is descriptive cross sectional with sampling accidental sampling technique and obtained by 32 respondents. The research instrument which used was questioner developed by the researcher and has been tested for validity, reliability.
Results: The results of data analysis, there is no relationship between the factors of age (P value: 0.170), gender (P value: 1.000), education (P value: 0.567) and employment (P value: 0.433) with Covid-19 prevention behavior in out patient Panti Rahayu Hospital, Yogyakarta.
Conculsion: From the results of the study, it was concluded that there is no relationship between the characteristics of hypertension patients and the prevention behavior of COVID-19 transmission. Hypertension patients are obliged to implement preventive behaviors for the transmission of COVID-19.
Keywords: hypertension, prevention of COVID-19
Hubungan Karateristik Pasien Daibetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 Di Pelayanan Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Panti Rahayu Yogyakarta
Authors: Puji Lestari Monica , Subiyanto Paulus , Ratnawati Emilia 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Coronavirus jenis baru. Penyakit ini diawali dengan munculnya kasus pneumonia yang tidak diketahui etiologinya di Wuhan, China pada akhir Desember 2019. Tanda dan gejala umum infeksi COVID-19 antara lain gejala gangguan pernapasan akut seperti demam, batuk dan sesak napas. Prevalensi diabetes hampir tiga kali lipat lebih tinggi pada pasien COVID-19 dengan kondisi yang buruk (16,2%) dibandingkan dengan mereka yang tidak dalam kondisi buruk (5,7%)
Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan karakteristik pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan perilaku pencegahan penularan COVID - 19 di Pelayanan rawat jalan Rumah Sakit Panti Rahayu

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif cross sectional dilakukan pada populasi pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipes 2 dengan sampel sejumlah 33. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien dengan kasus Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 yang ada di layanan rawat jalan Rumah Sakit Panti Rahayu sebanyak 39 responden. Sampel diperoleh 33 responden degan teknik accidental sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner.

Hasil: Data karakteristik terbanyak adalah usia > 60 tahun (48,5%), jenis kelamin perempuan (66,7%), pendidikan dasar dan menengah (81,8%), pekerjaan degan tidak bekerja (51,5%) dan perilaku pencegahan penularan COVID-19 baik (81,8%) yang meliputi 3M baik (81,8%), peningkatan imunitas tubuh kurang (63,6%), sanitasi lingkungan dalam rumah baik (72,7%). Uji statistik menggunakan uji chi square dan uji alternatif uji fisher yang didapatkan hasil usia-perilaku (p value 0,232), jenis kelamin-perilaku (p value 1,000), pendidikan-perilaku (p value 1,000) dan pekerjaan-perilaku (p value 0,398)
Simpulan: Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara karakteristik pasien Diabete Melitus Tipe 2 dengan perilaku pencegahan penularan COVID-19.

Kata Kunci:Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Perilaku pencegahan penularan, COVID - 19
'LAUDATO SI' E A SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Geiser Rodolfo 
Published: December 2023

Resumo
Este artigo procura refletir sobre o porquê da importância da encíclica Laudato Si’ do Papa Francisco e suas relações com a sustentabilidade. Trata-se de tema vasto e extremamente complexo. Possui incontáveis variáveis. Para expor o assunto, vamos efetuar simplificações, tentar criar um modelo de pensar e fazer algumas propostas para reflexão. Vamos seguir o convite do Papa: pensar diferente. Revolucionariamente. Sem a pretensão de estarmos corretos nessa exposição, mas com a certeza de abrir caminhos para ação.
Palavras-chave: Laudato Si’. Sustentabilidade. Caminhos para a ação.

Abstract
This paper provides a reflection on the importance of Pope Francis’s Laudato Si’ encyclical and its relationship with sustainability. This is a broad and extremely complex theme, with endless variables. In order to discuss this topic, simplification was required, a thinking model was created and some reflection proposals were made. Let us embrace the Pope’s proposal to think along different lines and break new ground. With no intention of providing a single correct version of the issues, this paper will definitely open up new pathways for action.
Keywords: Laudato Si’. Sustainability. Pathways for action.
Penerapan Algoritma Fuzzy Sugeno Dalam Menentukan Keputusan Guru Berprestasi Di SMKS Roudlotun Nasyiin
Authors: Restyo Nugroho Deny , Harliana Harliana , Fauzan Abd Charis 
Published: December 2023

Kualitas sumber daya manusia merupakan salah satu faktor dalam meningkatkan produktivtas kinerja suatu lembaga. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sumber daya manusia yang mempunyai kompetensi tinggi karena keahlian atau kompetensi akan dapat mendukung peningkatan prestasi kerja guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan guru berprestasi di SMK Roudlotun Nasyiin Berat Kulon dengan menggunakan algoritma Fuzzy Sugeno. Algoritma ini dipilih karena mampu membantu mengatasi ketidakpastian dalam pengambilan keputusan mengenai prestasi guru berdasarkan sejumlah aturan. Variable yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kehadiran, pemahaman materi, dan prestasi dengan himpunan fuzzy berupa baik, cukup, dan buruk. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa Fuzzy Sugeno cukup mampu memberikan rekomendasi untuk guru-guru yang berprestasi dengan rata-rata akurasi dihasilkan diatas 75%. Pengujian sistem dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil yang didapatkan dengan dataset asli
Amnon Raz-Krakotzkin, Toda’at Mishnah, Toda’at Mikra. Tsefat ve-ha-tarbut ha-tzionit
Authors: Naiweld Ron 
Published: December 2023

Amnon Raz-Krakotzkin, Toda’at Mishnah, Toda’at Mikra. Tsefat ve-ha-tarbut ha-tzionit [Conciencia de Mishná, conciencia bíblica. Safed y la cultura sionista]

M. M. Kalburgi, Marga: samsodhana prabandhagala samkalana [Marga: Una colección de artículos de investigación]
La sección “Otras voces, otros ámbitos” está dedicada a reseñas de libros en lenguas no habladas en las Américas y en Europa Occidental, es decir, en cualquier lengua de uso corriente en África y Asia, fuera del español, el inglés, el francés, el italiano o el alemán.
Tiene un doble objetivo: por un lado, familiarizar a lectores/as de América Latina con debates de historia intelectual en árabe, ruso (para Asia central), chino, japonés u otras lenguas de los mundos académicos africanos y asiáticos; por el otro, sugerir libros para la traducción al español. Con este propósito, nuestra idea es contactar a especialistas de área o investigadores/as locales y solicitarles reseñas de libros que hayan tenido un cierto peso en los medios académicos eintelectuales de cada región.
Dado que esos debates tienen sus propias temporalidades, y que los libros más nuevos no son necesariamente los másrepresentativos, se reseñarán libros aparecidos en las últimas dos décadas. Aunque los desarrollos más recientes en historia intelectual han subrayado la importancia de extender la escala de observación para analizar acontecimientos centrales de la historia moderna y contemporánea, gran parte de esta producción científica no ha logrado estar a la altura de su promesa de desprovincialización. Es cierto que esta producción logró desligar sus objetos de estudio de antiguos reflejos eurocéntricos, y que supo deshacerse de una retórica deductiva en la reconstrucción de los contextos, pero en muchos casos ha quedado prisionera de debates marcados por barreras lingüísticas. Esta sección busca contribuir entonces a reducir esta brecha entre diferentes espacios del debate académico y a acercar la historiografía latinoamericana a los desarrollos del campo en otras regiones del planeta. No se trata de reivindicar el “sur global”, dado que el “norte” forma parte de la ecuación. Se trata simplemente de diseñar un mapa más preciso de la producción científica en el siglo XXI.
La sección es organizada por Pablo A. Blitstein (École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales).