bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of state-selective single-electron capture in slow Ne7+ colliding with He and H2 target
Authors: Zhu X B , Xing D D , Lin K Z , Cui S C , Zhu X L , Gao Y , Guo D L , Zhao D M , Zhang S F , Ma X 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Using the cold target recoil-ion momentum spectroscopy, we measured the state-selective single electron capture in collisions of 3.5–6.3 keV u−1 Ne7+ ions and He and H2. The Q-value spectra and angular distributions as a function of the projectile incident energy were obtained. The results show that the single electron capture into n = 4 states is the dominant reaction channel for the Ne7+-He system, while the capture into n = 4 and n = 5 states both are dominant processes for the Ne7+-H2 system. The molecular coulombic barrier model and the potential energy curves can qualitatively explain the measured state populations for both systems.
Self-bound droplets with uncorrelated disordered potentials
Authors: Abbas Karima , Boudjemâa Abdelâali 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We investigate the effects of an external random δ-correlated potential on the bulk properties of self-bound droplets in three-dimensional binary Bose–Einstein condensates. The ground-state energy and the quantum fluctuation induced by disorder are computed utilizing the Bogoliubov theory. We provide a comprehensive stability phase-diagram for the resulting dirty droplets. At finite temperature, we calculate the free energy, and the thermal equilibrium density in terms of the disorder parameters. We show that the intriguing interplay of the thermal correction and the disorder may dissolve the droplet.
Analytical model of eddy current bobbin coil probe responses at support plates in steam generator and heat exchanger tubes
Authors: Hawkins Frank , Sullivan Sean P , Krause Thomas W 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The steam generators (SGs) of CANadian Deuterium Uranium nuclear reactors require periodic inspections to ensure their safe operation. Eddy current (EC) testing is the primary method by which the SG tubes are inspected. Many conditions in the SG tubes affect the EC response, such as fretting, pitting, cracking, as well as tube expansion, and the presence of tubesheet and support structures. When two or more of these parameters overlap, the EC signals from degradation induced wall losses are frequently difficult to interpret because these wall loss signals are often distorted due to interference with background signal variations. In this paper, a novel analytical model that describes the impedance of a bobbin coil with a plate encircling an arbitrary number of cylindrical conductors is developed. The model is validated against finite element method modelling and experiment. This model can be used to simulate the main probe response, while inspecting SG tubes near the tubesheet and support structures and thereby, provides the potential to separate out smaller flaw responses.
1.43 kV GaN-based MIS Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: Huang Fuping , Chu Chunshuang , Wang Zhizhong , Tian Kangkai , Gong Hehe , Zhang Yonghui , Li Yongjian , Ye Jiandong , Zhang Zi-Hui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this letter, we report on a quasi–vertical GaN-based metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with an insertion of 2 nm thick Al2O3 dielectric layer. It shows a turn-on voltage of 0.7 V, a specific on-resistance of 3.5 mΩ·cm2, and a high on/off current ratio of 1011. The proposed structure enables a breakdown voltage of 1430 V, rendering a Baliga’s power figure-of-merit of 0.58 GW cm−2. The enhanced performance is attributed to defect-related leakage can be suppressed and the direct tunneling process dominates at the MIS-based Schottky contact interface.
Griffiths-like behavior and magnetocaloric properties of rare-earth silicide Tb2Co0.8Si3.2
Authors: U D Remya , K Arun , S Swathi , S R Athul , Dzubinska Andrea , Reiffers Marian , Ramamoorthi Nagalakshmi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Novel rare-earth silicide, Tb2Co0.8Si3.2 compound, crystallizes in Lu2CoGa3 structure, a distorted substitution variant of the AlB2
structure. The compound exhibits a complex magnetic state, with a ferromagnetic transition at 58 K, followed by successive antiferromagnetic transitions at 24 K and 8 K, respectively. Isothermal and magnetic hysteresis studies indicate the prominence of competing antiferro and ferromagnetic interactions in the compound. However, this does not lead to the formation of spin glass behavior, as confirmed by AC magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity studies. In the paramagnetic state, the short-range ferromagnetic ordering of cobalt creates a Griffiths-like anomaly that is suppressed at higher magnetic fields. Investigation of magnetocaloric and magnetoresistance properties identifies the compound as a conventional second-order magnetocaloric material with negative magnetoresistance. Furthermore, the determination of Landau coefficients and subsequent analysis indicate that the isothermal entropy change of the compound can be calculated from these coefficients.
Magnetic properties of ferro-antiferromagnetic spin triangle chain
Authors: Dmitriev D V , Krivnov V Ya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Frustrated spin-

1
2

model consisting of a linear chain of triangles with ferro (F)- and antiferromagnetic interactions connected by ferromagnetic interactions (triangles chain) is studied. The ground state phase diagram depending on the interaction ratios consists of ferromagnetic, two ferrimagnetic and singlet phases. The magnetic properties in these phases are analyzed both analytically and numerically. We show that in some regions of the singlet phase the magnetization curves have magnetization plateau and magnetization jumps. We study the thermodynamics and its relation to the specific structure of the excitation spectrum of the triangle chain.
Magnetic anisotropy and ferromagnetic resonance in inhomogeneous demagnetizing fields near edges of thin magnetic films
Authors: Solovev P N , Belyaev B A , Boev N M , Skomorokhov G V , Izotov A V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Using local ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we have studied the magnetic properties near edges of thin tangentially magnetized permalloy films, in which a well-defined uniaxial magnetic anisotropy was induced perpendicular to one of the edges. In the experiment, two samples with thicknesses of 90 and 300 nm and with slightly different compositions were examined. To explain the magnetization dynamics near edges, we propose a simple yet effective model of a film in the form of a rectangular prism, which yields the modified Kittel formula for the resonance frequency. In this formula, the locally averaged distance-dependent demagnetizing field that emerges near the edges is included as an additional uniaxial anisotropy term. The measurements reveal that at a certain distance from the edge, the resulting (apparent) anisotropy, determined from the angular dependencies of the resonance field, almost vanishes. Moreover, its easy axis reorients to become parallel to the edge. The model predictions agree well with these results, proving that the main resonance mode behavior near the film edges can be accurately described by introducing additional effective uniaxial anisotropy, provided the measuring area is relatively large. However, for the thick (300 nm) sample, additional precession modes are also observed. These modes distort the angular dependence of the main mode, thus demonstrating the limitations of the model.
An overview of technological advancements in the application of structural health monitoring on glass elements
Authors: Ahani Elshan , Zhang Yiping , Wang Feiliang , Yang Jian , Zhou Lian , Tang Lina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The concepts behind employing structural health monitoring (SHM) to the glass structures are in their early stages. While limited information by the application of SHM on glass-made elements could obtain through the literature, recent technological advances enrich the state of the art around the glass elements. As yet because of the novelty in both using SHM and the application of laminated glasses (LGs) for structural purposes, the historical background around the application of SHM on glass elements does not exceed 20 years, and the novelty of the concepts around the LGs may be even more. With this in mind, the demanded assessments have to be incepted from the very basis of both the glass and SHM sciences to place the stepping stones of the fundamental stage, which would be a platform for the extending evaluations of glass elements at higher levels. This study is an endeavor to bring forward the available approaches for elaborating SHM on structural elements composed of glass with an emphasis on glass façades. According to the outcomes, the requirement for early detection due to its brittle content proffers SHM as the limited available alternatives for damage detection of the systems composed of it.
Multi-scale fusion for image enhancement in shield tunneling: a combined MSRCR and CLAHE approach
Authors: He Zhendong , Mo Haichuan , Xiao Yanqiu , Cui Guangzhen , Wang Pengpeng , Jia Lianhui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aiming at addressing the complex lighting conditions in shield construction environments and enhancing the contrast of low-light images while preserving image details, this paper presents an image enhancement technique based on multi-scale fusion. The proposed method first duplicates the input image into two copies. Subsequently, the first copy undergoes color and contrast adjustment via the adaptive weighted Retinex algorithm for color restoration (A-MSRCR) algorithm. Meanwhile, the second copy undergoes contrast enhancement and detail preservation by combining Gamma correction and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). Finally, a normalized weight map is introduced to facilitate multi-scale fusion of the two enhanced images, ensuring an overall enhancement in both contrast and detail. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides better visual quality and objective data than the compared methods. Moreover, it offers valuable support for subsequent recognition and localization tasks.
Large bandwidth and dynamic range current sensor based on micro-PCB Rogowski coil
Authors: Wang Lisong , Han Yongliang , Ji Yunfan , Tang Fan , Su Wei , Wu Jingen , Guan Mengmeng , Hu Zhongqiang , Wang Zhiguang , Liu Ming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A micro-PCB Rogowski coil with a volume of only 0.032 cm3 was proposed in this paper, and a magnetic flux concentration structure was introduced while ensuring the high-frequency performance of the coil to improve the measurement ability of the Rogowski coil sensor for weak current characterization. We have systematically investigated the magnetic core materials suitable for high-frequency current sensing, and the performance of core at high frequency has also been verified theoretically and experimentally. In addition, a high-precision signal processing circuit, whose main functions are amplification and integration, has also been developed. Experiments have shown that the developed PCB Rogowski coil current sensor can measure the current in the μA level with a bandwidth of 10 MHz, a sensitivity of up to 180 V A−1 and a resolution of up to 50 μA. The response time of the sensor to a step signal is within 30 ns, and it also has good waveform following ability. Compared with commercial TMR sensors, the sensor proposed in this work also has certain advantages in terms of noise.
High-resolution EEG source localization in personalized segmentation-free head model with multi-dipole fitting
Authors: Hirata Akimasa , Niitsu Masamune , Phang Chun Ren , Kodera Sachiko , Kida Tetsuo , Rashed Essam A , Fukunaga Masaki , Sadato Norihiro , Wasaka Toshiaki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) are often used to monitor brain activity. Several source localization methods have been proposed to estimate the location of brain activity corresponding to EEG readings. However, only a few studies evaluated source localization accuracy from measured EEG using personalized head models in a millimeter resolution. In this study, based on a volume conductor analysis of a high-resolution personalized human head model constructed from magnetic resonance images, a finite difference method was used to solve the forward problem and to reconstruct the field distribution. Approach. We used a personalized segmentation-free head model developed using machine learning techniques, in which the abrupt change of electrical conductivity occurred at the tissue interface is suppressed. Using this model, a smooth field distribution was obtained to address the forward problem. Next, multi-dipole fitting was conducted using EEG measurements for each subject (N = 10 male subjects, age: 22.5 ± 0.5), and the source location and electric field distribution were estimated. Main results. For measured somatosensory evoked potential for electrostimulation to the wrist, a multi-dipole model with lead field matrix computed with the volume conductor model was found to be superior than a single dipole model when using personalized segmentation-free models (6/10). The correlation coefficient between measured and estimated scalp potentials was 0.89 for segmentation-free head models and 0.71 for conventional segmented models. The proposed method is straightforward model development and comparable localization difference of the maximum electric field from the target wrist reported using fMR (i.e. 16.4 ± 5.2 mm) in previous study. For comparison, DUNEuro based on sLORETA was (EEG: 17.0 ± 4.0 mm). In addition, somatosensory evoked magnetic fields obtained by Magnetoencephalography was 25.3 ± 8.5 mm using three-layer sphere and sLORETA. Significance. For measured EEG signals, our procedures using personalized head models demonstrated that effective localization of the somatosensory cortex, which is located in a non-shallower cortex region. This method may be potentially applied for imaging brain activity located in other non-shallow regions.
Disorder-induced heating as a mechanism for fast neutral gas heating in atmospheric pressure plasmas
Authors: Acciarri M D , Moore C , Baalrud S D 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent findings suggest that ions are strongly correlated in atmospheric pressure plasmas if the ionization fraction is sufficiently high (≳10−5). A consequence is that ionization causes disorder-induced heating (DIH), which triggers a significant rise in ion temperature on a picosecond timescale. This is followed by a rise in the neutral gas temperature on a longer timescale of up to nanoseconds due to ion–neutral temperature relaxation. The sequence of DIH and ion–neutral temperature relaxation suggests a new mechanism for ultrafast neutral gas heating. Previous work considered only the case of an instantaneous ionization pulse, whereas the ionization pulse extends over nanoseconds in many experiments. Here, molecular dynamics simulations are used to analyze the evolution of ion and neutral gas temperatures for a gradual ionization over several nanoseconds. The results are compared with published experimental results from a nanosecond pulsed discharge, showing good agreement with a measurement of fast neutral gas heating.
Effect of the cathode surface temperature on the cathode fall layer parameters: experiment and simulation
Authors: Simonchik Leanid , Tomkavich Mikalai , Islamov Gubad , Eylenceoglu Ender , Rafatov Ismail 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Combined experimental and numerical studies reveal a significant effect of the cathode temperature on the basic parameters (such as the electric field profile, thickness of the cathode fall layer, current density, and gas temperature) of the cathode fall of the self-sustained normal direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) in helium. Numerical models are spatially one- and two-dimensional and based on drift-diffusion theory of gas discharges. It was observed that heating of the cathode, resulting from a flow of the discharge current in APGD with a constricted positive column, leads to an increase of the interelectrode voltage if the cathode is not cooled and its temperature increases. With additional heating of the cathode by an external heat source, the interelectrode voltage tends to decrease. Radially inhomogeneous profiles of the reduced electric field on the uncooled cathode surface were measured. Simulation results exhibit reasonably good agreement with experiment for APGDs with cooled and uncooled cathodes.
Further understanding the interaction between dark energy and dark matter: current status and future directions
Authors: Wang B , Abdalla E , Atrio-Barandela F , Pavón D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The interaction between dark matter and dark energy (DE) can be incorporated into field theory models of DE that have proved successful in alleviating the coincidence problem. We review recent advances in this field, including new models and constraints from different astronomical data sets. We show that interactions are allowed by observations and can reduce the current tensions among different measurements of cosmological parameters. We extend our discussion to include constraints from non-linear effects and results from cosmological simulations. Finally, we discuss forthcoming multi-messenger data from current and future observational facilities that will help to improve our understanding of the interactions within the dark sector.
Dynamic braille display based on surface-structured PVC gel
Authors: Tian Chengbo , Yu Min , Wu Yuwei , Yin Guoxiao , Hu Runqi , Ge Hengzao , Tong Xiaojie , Wang Gengying , Li Hongkai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Braille displays are a class of human–computer interaction electromechanical devices that display dynamic braille through an array of actuators. However, existing actuators for braille displays suffer from issues such as bulky size, heavy weight, and small tactile displacement, leading to difficulties in improving their resolution and readability. To address the above issues, we developed a novel electroactive artificial muscle actuator and applied it to braille displays. The novel actuator consists of a surface-structured PVC gel and planar electrodes. To investigate the effect of surface structure on the performance of novel PVC gel actuators, four types of surface-structured PVC gels were fabricated by a casting process, and their actuation performance was tested. The results show that the conical and frustum conical array structures are more favorable for improving the displacement of novel PVC gel actuators, while the cylindrical and quadrangular array structures are more favorable for improving their recovery forces. We observed both surface structure and dynamic electrical actuation, suggesting that the actuation of the novel actuator is mainly caused by the deformation of the surface structure of the array. We also analyzed electrowetting effects in PVC gels using the Lippmann–Young equation, to explain the differences in the performance of surface-structured PVC gels with different contact angles. Moreover, six multilayer actuators composed of PVC gels with a conical surface array structure are applied to the braille display unit to display the braille digits from 0 to 9. It has been shown that the novel PVC gel actuator has excellent mechanical properties, which makes it an ideal solution for braille displays.
A 0.6 V voltage reference circuit with 57 ppm/°C temperature coefficient, 73 KΩ output impedance and 0.080%/V line sensitivity for energy efficient applications
Authors: Banerjee Soham , Chatterjee Soumita , Mukherjee Koyel , Pandit Soumya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a voltage reference circuit generating 0.6 V developed in the Semiconductor Laboratory (SCL) 0.18 μm standard CMOS technology has been presented. It is based on the principle of Beta multiplier circuit. Operating under a supply voltage of 1.8V, the proposed reference accomplishes a line sensitivity as low as 0.080%/V across a voltage range of 1.8 V to 3.5 V. In addition to a low line sensitivity, it achieves a low temperature coefficient of 57 ppm/ °C over the temperature range of −40 °C to +85 °C. The circuit furnishes a power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of −75.72 dB. The improved load regulation feature allows the circuit to drive loads as low as 73 KΩ with minimum variation. A reliable nature of the circuit has been observed on examining the response for different process corners and variations.
Tailoring structural, electronic, elastic and optical properties of Strontium-based XSrO3 (X = Rb, Cs) oxide perovskites employing density functional theory
Authors: Ullah Wasi , Husain Mudasser , Rahman Nasir , Sfina Nourreddine , Elhadi Muawya , Tirth Vineet , Azzouz-Rached Ahmed , Humayun Q. , Uzair Muhammad , Khan Aurangzeb 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The structural, electrical, optical, and elastic characteristics of Strontium-based oxide perovskites, specifically RbSrO3 and CsSrO3, have been meticulously examined using the Wien2k package inside the density functional theory (DFT) framework. Our structural analysis has confirmed the stability of these compounds, indicating that they adopt a cubic crystal structure belonging to the pm-3m (#221) space group. Moving on to their electrical characteristics, band shape, and state density have been calculated, which collectively point to the metallic characteristics of both RbSrO3 and CsSrO3. Additionally, delving into the elastic properties of these materials, considering elastic constants, bulk modulus, anisotropy factor, Poisson’s ratio, Pugh’s ratio. Pugh’s ratio, in particular, sheds light on the ductile character of these optoelectronic compounds, while the ionic character is resolved through the evaluation of the Cauchy pressure. Furthermore, the optical properties have been investigated, covering several factors, including the refractive index, dielectric function, absorption coefficient, reflectivity, and optical conductivity within an energy range spanning from 0 eV to 15 eV. Our comprehensive analysis of these compounds reveals their potential as promising candidates for optoelectronic devices, showcasing their diverse and favorable properties in this regard.
The shadow of Kerr-Newman black hole surrounded by perfect fluid matter in Rastall gravity
Authors: Ma Ju , Wang Jian-cheng , Gao Quan-gui , Qin Long-hua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We investigate analytically the apparent shadows cast by Kerr-Newman black hole with surrounding perfect fluid matter in Rastall gravity theory. With the help of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation and Carter constant separable method, we derive the null geodesics of the black hole space-time and calculate the numerical results of the horizon structures. The results reveal that three horizons (Cauchy horizon r
−, event horizon r
+ and cosmological horizon r

q
) occur in the space-time, and the horizon structure could degenerate while the Rastall parameter k
λ arrives the critical value. By fixing the value of equation state parameter

ω

˜

of surrounding substance for both cases of dark matter (

ω

˜

=
−
1

/

3

) and dark energy (

ω

˜

=
−
2

/

3

), we study the effects of the perfect fluid matter intensity N

s
, the Rastall parameter k
λ, the black hole spin a and the black hole charge Q on black hole shadows in detail. Furthermore, the effective potentials for black hole space-time and the energy emission rate of the black hole are also conducted and discussed.