bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Noxious Electrical Stimulation and Eccentric Exercise on Mechanical and Thermal Pain Sensitivity in Recreational Runners with Achilles Tendinopathy
Authors: Stackhouse Scott K. , Eckenrode Brian J. , Madara Kathleen C. 
Published: February 2025

Background Achilles tendinopathy is a common overuse condition that can become persistent despite conservative treatment. Sensitization of both the peripheral and central nervous systems may contribute to the persistent pain. Both exercise and electrical stimulation have the potential to modulate the nervous system’s sensitivity to painful stimuli. Hypothesis/Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe the changes in pain sensitivity and self-reported function in runners with chronic Achilles tendon pain following sequential treatment with noxious electrical stimulation (NxES) and eccentric plantarflexion exercise. Study Design Single group, repeated measures design. Methods Sixteen participants with chronic Achilles tendinopathy completed the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles scale (VISA-A) and quantitative sensory tests (pressure pain threshold, heat temporal summation, and heat pain threshold) at baseline, one week, seven weeks, and then at a one month post intervention follow-up. The NxES was applied for one week, then followed by plantarflexion eccentric exercise for six weeks. Changes across timepoints were assessed using repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc analysis to describe differences. Hedges g effect sizes were also calculated. Results There was a significant improvement in LEFS (p < 0.001) and VISA-A (p < 0.001) from baseline to one month follow-up, with a mean change of 9.6 ± 7.7 and 19.4 ± 17.7 points respectively. Pressure pain threshold of the involved Achilles tendon increased over time (p < 0.001) with significant improvements after NxES application (p = 0.002) and after six weeks of eccentric exercise (p < 0.001). There were significant improvements from baseline to one month follow-up for heat temporal summation (p = 0.001) and heat pain threshold ( p < 0.001). Conclusions For individuals with chronic Achilles tendinopathy, a sequential treatment of NxES followed by eccentric exercise resulted in a clinically significant improvement in self-reported pain and function. During the first week of treatment there was a reduction in mechanical hyperalgesia during the NxES-only phase, while a large reduction in primary heat hyperalgesia and additional desensitization to mechanical pain occurred during the eccentric training phase of treatment. Level of Evidence 2b
Effectiveness of Vestibular Rehabilitation in Children Post-Concussion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tiwari Devashish , Erdal Melisa , Alonzo Kristyn , Twombly Victoria , Concannon Paige , West August , O'Byrne Mairead 
Published: February 2025

Background Concussion in children is a significant public health burden in the United States with 2.3 million children under the age of 17 years sustaining a concussion in 2022 alone. Children post-concussion experience a wide range of symptoms of vestibular dysfunction. Vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) has been shown to substantially decrease dizziness and improve gait and balance function in adults post-concussion, but limited information is available for children. Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of VRT on improving vestibular function, postural control, and gait in children post-concussion. Study design Systematic review. Methods An electronic search of MEDLINE and CINAHL was conducted in October 2022 and later updated in April 2024 using MeSH terms and keywords related to vestibular rehabilitation, concussion, and children. Quality appraisal was conducted independently by two reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist and Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were utilized for screening and data extraction. Results Overall, twelve studies (three randomized controlled trials, five cohort studies, two case series and two case reports) were included in the review. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) was the most frequently utilized measure (five studies). Three studies reported a statistically significant improvement in DHI (change scores = 19-25, p < 0.05), gait speed (F = 38.3, p < 0.001), Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) (change score percentage 12.1 – 52%, p < 0.01), and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale (change = 20-29 points, p <0.01). Conclusion VRT shows promise and may result in symptom improvements in children post-concussion when used as part of a multimodal intervention plan. Further research with larger samples is recommended to make informed decisions about dosage and long-term functional outcomes in children post-concussion. Level of Evidence 3
Reliability of Ultrasound Based Compressibility of the Lower Leg Anterior Tibial Muscle Compartment in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: van Heeswijk Kay , Spek Daniëlle , Muijsenberg Jesse , Janssen Loes , Winkes Michiel , Hoogeveen Adwin R. , Scheltinga Marc 
Published: February 2025

Background Some individuals have exercise-induced lower leg pain (ELP) caused by a chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS). As intracompartmental muscle pressure measurements are invasive with suboptimal test characteristics, other diagnostic tools are needed. Recently, ultrasound-based muscle compartment thickness analysis at 10mmHg (d10) and 80mmHg (d80) external pressure was introduced for this purpose. The difference in compartment thickness at these two external pressures induced by the study device is used to calculate muscle compressibility, a possible marker for CECS. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of a novel ultrasound compressibility technique using two distinct internal landmarks at the lower leg in a diverse group of asymptomatic adults. Study design Cross-sectional study Methods Healthy volunteers (n=35; 21 female; median age 40 years, range 19-72; BMI 24.1 kg/m2, range 18.3-31.6) not having ELP underwent serial compressibility measurements (n=1678) of both legs by three observers at the tibialis anterior (TA) using the interosseous membrane (IM) and transition zone IM to tibial bone (TZIT) as internal landmarks. Inter- and intra-observer reliability was calculated for values of d10, d80 and compressibility using intraclass correlations (ICC). Results TA compartments are less compressible using the IM landmark compared to the TZIT landmark (10.5% vs 12.5%; p<0.001). Inter-observer ICC for IM was always higher (d10 0.85; d80 0.82; compressibility 0.51) than for TZIT (d10 0.65; d80 0.53; compressibility 0.20). The intra-observer reliability for d10 and d80 was excellent (ICC>0.90) for all three observers. ICC of compressibility varied among observers and ranged from 0.76 to 0.48, with higher ICCs demonstrated for IM compared to TZIT. Conclusion Ultrasound based anterior tibial muscle compressibility measurements have moderate inter-observer reliability and excellent intra-observer reliability if the interosseous membrane is used as internal landmark. Future studies are aimed to test muscle compressibility after exercise and in CECS. Level of Evidence Level 3
Reliability and Agreement of Hand-Held Dynamometry Using Three Standard Rater Test Positions
Authors: Aerts Frank , Sheets Holly , Anderson Chance , Bussie Natalie , Hoskins Rose , Maninga Amanda , Novak Emily 
Published: February 2025

Background The use of portable hand-held dynamometers is increasing in popularity due to their ease of use in different clinical settings, convenient size, portability, and overall affordability. Reported reliability for external fixation and rater-stabilized hand-held dynamometry (HHD) strength measurements have been found to be ‘good’ to ‘excellent’. Inconsistent agreement has been found between the two stabilization methods and isokinetic HHD testing. Purpose / Hypothesis Determine the reliability and agreement of HHD measurements in three different rater test positions against three different mechanically produced force magnitudes. The study compared measurements obtained by rater-stabilization to external fixation methods. Study Design Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability study. Methods Ten raters took measurements in three different rater test positions against three different force magnitudes created by an external force. Raters were blinded to the randomized force magnitudes. The rater’s measurements were compared to measurements taken against an external fixation stabilization device. To establish reliability, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) were used. To establish agreement, error rates between the rater-stabilized and external fixation stabilization measurements were calculated. Results ICC’s were found to be ‘excellent’ at .97 and above. The relative SEM ranged from 0.2% to 0.9 % and the relative MDC ranged from 0.7% to 2.8%. The overall error rate was 15.5% and was influenced by force magnitude. Conclusion The use of standardized rater test positions resulted in ‘excellent’ intra-rater, inter-rater reliability, low SEM, and low MDC for rater-stabilized HHD measurements. A systematic error was observed, with rater-stabilized measurements resulting in higher values compared with values obtained with the external fixation method. Level of Evidence 3
Excellent Reliability for an Instrumented Test of Ankle Plantarflexion Force
Authors: Glaied Moez , Whiteley Rodney 
Published: February 2025

Background/Purpose The assessment of ankle plantarflexion force is commonly required in athletic performance and clinical rehabilitation settings to assess the integrity of the calf and lower limb musculature. The force generating capacity of the soleus muscle is thought to be important in many aspects of sporting and everyday function. Unfortunately, there are only a few reliable tests describing the assessment of the strength of the soleus muscle, especially in dorsiflexion greater than plantar grade/neutral which mimics ankle joint positions associated with higher ground contact forces. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to describe the reliability, feasibility, and clinimetrics of a novel test of plantarflexion force in a clinical setting Methods Test-retest reliability of a seated isometric plantar flexion strength test performed a minimum of one day apart (maximum of six) using the maximum value of four trials was investigated using a force plate and custom apparatus in 61 volunteer adults (of varying activity levels (Tegner one to ten). Inter-rater reliability (ICC2,1), Bland-Altman, and minimal detectable change values were estimated. Results Sixty-one subjects were tested (49 male, 12 female, 39.6±12.6 years, 81.1±13.8kg). Excellent test-retest reliability was demonstrated (ICC2,1)=0.976 [0.97 to 0.98], p<0.001; and minimal detectable change (MDC) was found to be 118N. Conclusion Excellent test-retest reliability and a minimal detectable change of 118N (14.8% bodyweight) were demonstrated for this measure of plantar flexion force. MDC data can inform clinical progression and between-limb differences in healthy and injured individuals. Further, these results can be used to explore the clinical importance of the measurement using the instrumentation. Level of Evidence 3b
Patellofemoral Joint Loading During Bodyweight One-Legged and Two-Legged BOSU and Floor Squats
Authors: Escamilla Rafael , Zheng Naiquan , MacLeod Toran D. , Imamura Rodney , Wilk Kevin E , Wang Shangcheng , Asuncion Robert , Thompson Irwin S. , Aguinaldo Arnel L. , Fleisig Glenn S 
Published: February 2025

Background While one-legged and two-legged bodyweight squats on unstable and stable surfaces are commonly used during patellofemoral rehabilitation, patellofemoral loading during these exercises is unknown. Understanding how patellofemoral force and stress magnitudes affects different squat variations will aid clinicians in determining how and when to prescribe and progress these squatting types of exercises in patients with patellofemoral pain. Hypothesis/Purpose To quantify patellofemoral force and stress between two squat type variations (BOSU squat versus floor squat) and between two leg variations (one-legged squat versus two-legged squat). It was hypothesized that patellofemoral force and stress would be greater in BOSU squat than floor-squat, and greater in one-legged squat than two-legged squat. Study Design Controlled laboratory biomechanical, repeated-measures, counterbalanced design. Methods Sixteen healthy participants performed one-legged and two-legged BOSU and floor squats. Kinematic and ground-reaction force data were used to calculate resultant knee force and torque using inverse-dynamics, with electromyographic data employed in a knee muscle model to predict resultant knee force and torque at every 10° between 10°-100° knee-angles during the squat-descent and squat-ascent. Repeated-measures 2-way ANOVA (p < 0.01) was employed for statistical analyses. Results Collapsed across one-legged and two-legged conditions, patellofemoral joint force and stress were significantly greater during floor squats than BOSU squats at 40°, 50°, and 70° knee-angles during squat descent and 60° and 50° knee-angles during squat ascent. Collapsed across BOSU and floor squats, patellofemoral joint force and stress were significantly greater for one-legged squats than two-legged squats at all knee-angles. Significant interactions between squat types and leg conditions were found at 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, and 100° knee-angles during squat-descent, and 100°, 90°, 80°, and 70° knee-angles during squat-ascent, with patellofemoral joint force and stress significantly greater in two-legged floor-squat than two-legged BOSU squat, but no significant differences between one-legged floor-squat and one-legged BOSU squat. Conclusions Squatting progression employing lower to higher patellofemoral loading over time during PFP rehabilitation may be considered: 1) two-legged BOSU squats at lower knee angles (0° - 50°); 2) two-legged floor squats at lower knee angles (0° - 50°); 3) one-legged BOSU and floor squats at lower knee angles (0° - 50°); 4) two-legged BOSU squats at lower and higher knee angles (0° - 100°); 5) two-legged floor squats at lower and higher knee angles (0° - 100°); 6) one-legged BOSU and floor squats at lower and higher knee angles (0° - 100°). Level of Evidence 2
The Effect of the Addition of Core Exercises to Supervised Physiotherapy in Patients With Subacromial Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Gutiérrez-Espinoza Héctor , Méndez-Rebolledo Guillermo , Zavala-González Jonathan , Torreblanca-Vargas Serghio , Araya-Quintanilla Felipe 
Published: February 2025

Background Weakness of the rotator cuff has been reported in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). A novel therapeutic approach proposes adding exercises for the core musculature to aid in functional recovery in these patients. Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the short-term effects of adding a core exercise program to supervised physiotherapy on improve lateral rotator strength and functional outcomes in patients with SIS. Study Design A pre–post single-group study. Methods A total of 47 participants with SIS were recruited. All patients were treated with five weeks of supervised physiotherapy plus a core exercise program. The primary outcomes were isometric lateral rotator strength and grip strength, measured with a dynamometer. Secondary outcomes included muscular endurance assessed with the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST), shoulder function with the Constant-Murley (CM) questionnaire, and pain intensity reported using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Need a brief statement of statistical approach. Results At end of the five week intervention, isometric lateral rotator strength showed an increase of 9.2 kg (d = 2.1; p < 0.001) and grip strength an increase of 10.6 kg (d = 2.4; p < 0.001). The CKCUEST showed an increase of 5.6 repetitions (d = 3.7; p < 0.001), the CM questionnaire showed an increase of 30.3 points (d = 4.9; p < 0.001) and the VAS showed a decrease of 3.9 cm (d = 6.0; p < 0.001). All outcomes showed large effect sizes and statistically significant differences. Conclusion In the short term, adding a core exercise program to supervised physiotherapy showed statistically and clinically significant differences in lateral rotator strength and functional outcomes in patients with SIS. Level of Evidence Level 3
A NEURONUTRIÇÃO E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A PREVENÇÃO E MANEJO DOS SINTOMAS EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM TDAH: UM MULTI-CASO
Authors: Meireles Adriano Fontineles , Barros Ivanna Leônia Azevedo , Carvalho Maria Raimunda de Lima , Santana Isis Terezinha Santos de , Jankowitsch Jhonata , Pinheiro Weider Silva , Costa Robson Antonio Tavares 
Published: February 2025

Introdução: O transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH) tem sintomas que, durante muito tempo, foram pouco compreendidos, em parte devido à falta de estudos aprofundados e por se tratar de um transtorno que não apresenta sinais físicos visíveis. No entanto, pesquisas recentes têm indicado que a alimentação pode impactar diretamente a qualidade de vida de pessoas com TDAH, com nutrientes específicos contribuindo para a prevenção e o manejo dos sintomas do transtorno.

Objetivo: O presente estudo busca entender como a Neuronutrição pode contribuir para o manejo e a prevenção dos sintomas do TDAH em crianças e adolescentes.

Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com dois grupos distintos de participantes: o primeiro, composto por profissionais que atendem crianças e adolescentes diagnosticados com TDAH, e o segundo, por pais ou responsáveis das crianças/adolescentes. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de um questionário específico, contendo 10 perguntas direcionadas para cada grupo. A análise foi conduzida de forma quanti-qualitativa, para oferecer uma visão ampla e detalhada sobre a percepção dos participantes quanto ao papel da alimentação no controle dos sintomas do TDAH.

Resultados: A pesquisa revelou que, embora a frequência de refeições entre as crianças e adolescentes com TDAH seja considerada adequada, o conteúdo nutricional delas não supre as necessidades para prevenção e controle eficaz dos sintomas. Além disso, poucos profissionais envolvidos no atendimento desses pacientes têm especialização ou conhecimento suficiente sobre estratégias alimentares que poderiam ajudar na redução dos sintomas. Isso indica uma carência de formação voltada à Neuronutrição, o que afeta a capacidade dos profissionais de orientar e monitorar adequadamente os pacientes e suas famílias.

Conclusões: A Neuronutrição desempenha um papel significativo no manejo e prevenção dos sintomas do TDAH em crianças e adolescentes. A inclusão de refeições ricas em nutrientes e vitaminas e a exclusão de alimentos com altos teores de açúcar, conservantes e corantes parecem beneficiar o desempenho cognitivo e o comportamento dessas crianças. Há uma necessidade de aprimoramento na formação dos profissionais que atendem esse público, para que possam fornecer um acompanhamento especializado e contribuir para a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com TDAH.
FELICIDADE CORPORATIVA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE A PROMOÇÃO DO BEM-ESTAR NO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO
Authors: Ribeiro Fabrício Souza , Silva Valdirene Ramos da , Jankowitsch Jhonata , Costa Robson Antonio Tavares 
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A crescente relevância da felicidade corporativa e seus impactos no bem-estar, produtividade e satisfação dos colaboradores reflete sua importância para a eficiência organizacional e a retenção de talentos.

Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo explorar as relações entre fatores organizacionais e o bem-estar no ambiente de trabalho de um cartório em Goiás, com foco na felicidade corporativa e na saúde mental dos colaboradores.

Método: Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário estruturado em escala Likert de 5 pontos, aplicado a 72 participantes. A análise estatística foi conduzida utilizando o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson para examinar as associações entre variáveis.

Resultados: Os resultados indicaram fortes correlações positivas entre estresse no trabalho e melhorias no ambiente (r = 0,77), suporte contra estresse e saúde mental (r = 0,71), e critérios de meritocracia e reconhecimento (r = 0,75). Contudo, observaram-se correlações negativas moderadas entre desenvolvimento profissional e melhorias no ambiente (r = -0,32), sugerindo a influência de variáveis externas. Surpreendentemente, a remuneração foi considerada menos relevante para a felicidade no trabalho, contradizendo a literatura existente.

Conclusões: Conclui-se que, embora o ambiente de trabalho mostre práticas positivas para promover o bem-estar, o aumento do estresse e as contradições nas respostas sugerem a necessidade de estratégias mais eficazes para mitigar fatores negativos. Recomenda-se uma avaliação interna contínua para compreender melhor os impactos das mudanças organizacionais e implementar melhorias que promovam saúde mental e satisfação.
How Stereotype Threat and Stress Affect Learning: From Theory to Empirical Evidence
Authors: Aridah  
Published: February 2025

Stereotype threat and stress are prevalent factors in education. Students experiencing one of these two psychological phenomena often demonstrate lower academic or learning performance. This article reviews and synthesizes some research findings, emphasizing on how stereotype threat and stress affect learning. It examines different domains, including science education such as mathematics and physics and second or foreign language learning. It also examines different demographic groups which include races, ethnic minority, gender and social class. By integrating theoretical perceptive with empirical evidence, this article offers a comprehensive overview of how stereotype threat and stress affect learning process and provides educators and parents with strategies of how to deal with threat and stress. The results of the analysis give some implications on learning in general and in language learning in particular.
Bridging the gap: using communicative language testing to assess real-world language skills
Authors: Setiawan Damar Adjie , Wulandari Lutfi 
Published: February 2025

Communicative Language Testing has to be applicable for four language skills: listening, reading, speaking and writing. Language assessment has an important role in monitoring the progress of language learning. Assessment of productive skills that occurs in the classroom is to be considered specific language skills in real world contact. Language assessment is not only to measure its performance and the language skills of the students and to monitor the progress of the students, but also to identify the difficulties of the students in learning the target language. This observation is focusing on the assessment of students' communicative competence, since hospitality students learn English for Specific Purposes (ESP). The objective of hospitality students learns English is to be able to apply their knowledge to meaningful communicative situations based on the students demand and their real world required.