bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radio frequency modulates the multi-scale structure and physicochemical properties of corn starch
Authors: Ren Liuyang , Zheng Zhaohui , Fu Hanyu , Yang Pei , Xu Jingshen , Xie Weijun , Yang Deyong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hot air (HA) assisted radio frequency (RF) technology is an effective method to improve the drying quality of grains. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of HA-RF heating on multi-scale structure and physicochemical properties of corn starch with different moisture content (MC) levels (30% and 35%) and temperatures (60, 70, and 80℃). The result showed that HA-RF treatment destroyed the crystal structure, increased the amylose content (AC), and promoted the pre-gelatinization of starch. At high MC, the short–range order structure and relative crystallinity decreased, the particle size, gelatinization temperature, and pasting viscosity increased with increasing temperature. Meanwhile, the morphology of starch granules was damaged due to high moisture–temperature conditions. Moreover, as the temperature continued to rise, the increase of starch–protein interaction inhibited the enhance of AC and particle size in treated samples at low MC. However, HA-RF treated starch at low MC was prone to retrograde, and formed the strong network structure in retrograded pastes. The above results indicated that temperature and MC together affected the structure and functionalities of corn starch. The study might help understand the mechanism of the effect of HA-RF treatment on the structural and physicochemical properties of starch.
Key techniques and efficiency analysis of amplification of flanking unknown sequences by inverse PCR
Authors: Xue Xiaodong , Li Wan , Li Qinxia , Chang Weidong , Shi Lujing , Wang Zhe , Zhao Yongping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Inverse PCR (IPCR) is an accurate, simple, feasible, and ideal technique for obtaining unknown sequences. In this study, we used the model monocot Brachypodium distachyon (ecotype Bd21) to standardize the conditions and materials required for successfully performing the IPCR. Analysis of the amplified sequences led us to the following conclusions. First, the distance between the restriction endonuclease cleavage site and the unknown–known sequence boundary should be at least 400 bp. Second, a 6 bp restriction endonuclease such as NdeI produces condensed bands in a size gradient with good specificity, and therefore is a better choice than a 4 bp cutter such as HhaI. Third, a distance of approximately 200 bp between the second primer and the boundary sequence leads to a better amplification effect and effectively ensures the integrity of the unknown flanking sequence. The experimental conditions established in this study serve as a theoretical basis for the amplification of unknown genome sequences of Gramineae crops and other species.
Preliminary study on the enhanced bioremediation of PAHs- contaminated soil in Beijing and assessment of remediation effect based on toxicity tests
Authors: Zhang Dan , Song Jinmei , Cai Minqi , Li Yandan , Wu Yang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in typical coking polluted sites in Beijing, conducts research on PAHs enhanced bioremediation and evaluation methods of remediation effect based on toxicity testing, and examines the changes of pollutant concentration components in the process of ozone preoxidation coupled biodegradation in the tested soil samples. The toxicity effect of mixed PAHs in soil was directly evaluated using the Ames test, and the correlation between mixed PAHs mutagenicity and BaP toxicity was investigated in an effort to establish a carcinogenic risk assessment model based on biological toxicity test to evaluate the remediation effect of PAHs-contaminated soil. It offers a theoretical and methodological foundation for the evaluation of the bioremediation effect of PAHs-contaminated soil in industrially contaminated sites. The results revealed that the removal rate of PAHs after 5 mins of O3 preoxidation and 4 weeks of soil reaction with saponin surfactants and medium was 83.22 %. After restoration, the soil PAHs extract at a dose of 2000 μg/dish exhibited a positive reaction to the TA98 strain and the carcinogenic risk assessed by the Ames toxicity test was 8.98 times that calculated by conventional carcinogenic PAHs toxicity parameters. The total carcinogenic risk of repaired soil samples was approximately one order of magnitude less than that of original soil samples.
Divergent selection for intramuscular fat shapes the gut enterotypes
Authors: Martínez-Álvaro Marina , Zubiri-Gaitán Agostina , Hernández Pilar , Casto-Rebollo Cristina , Ibáñez-Escriche Noelia , Santacreu Maria-Antonia , Artacho Alejandro , Pérez-Brocal Vicente , Blasco Agustín 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is an important trait for both meat production and human health, where the host genetics and its microbiome greatly contribute to its phenotypic variation. An appropriate experimental design allows to approach the linkage between both effects. The aim of this study is to describe the consequences of genetic modification of IMF by selection on the taxonomic composition of the microbiome, using rabbits from the 10th generation of a divergent selection experiment for IMF, in which lines with high (H) and low (L) IMF differ by 3.8 standard deviations.
Results
Microbiability estimate of IMF was 44.5%, with a probability of being greater than 25% of 0.86. Selection altered the composition of the gut microbiota and differentiated the microbiome of the lines into two gut enterotypes attributable to IMF genetic differences. The two enterotypes were better distinguished at the genus level than at the phylum level, with 51 microbial genera capable of classifying between the lines with 91% accuracy. The H-enterotype was mainly enriched in Hungateiclostridium, Limosilactobacillus, Legionella, Lysinibacillus, Phorphyromonas, Methanosphaera, and Desulfovibrio, while the L-enterotype was mainly enriched in Escherichia, Fonticella, Candidatus Amulumruptor, Methanobrevicater, Exiguobacterium, Flintibacter and Coprococcus, among other genera with smaller differences between enterotypes. A microbial biomarker generated from the abundance of 26 of these 51 genera classified the enterotypes with 93% accuracy in a logit regression and predicted IMF with a prediction accuracy of 0.69 in a linear regression.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrate divergent gut enterotype composition in hosts with divergent genotypes for IMF content. Furthermore, we provide a microbial biomarker that can be used as an indicator of host predisposition to muscle lipid accumulation based on its genes, and open the way for research to develop probiotics targeting IMF modulation.
Detection of environmental DNA of finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) in Osaka Bay, Japan
Authors: Hashimoto Nagisa , Iwata Takashi , Kihara Natsumi , Nakamura Kiyomi , Sakata Masayuki , Minamoto Toshifumi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) currently face population decline caused by significant human activities and are categorized as endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List; however, information on their habitats is currently insufficient. Although conducting visual surveys to determine the distribution of cetaceans is common, visual observation of finless porpoises is challenging owing to their specific morphological and ecological characteristics. In this study, we developed an environmental DNA (eDNA) assay for species-specific detection of finless porpoises. To test the utility of the assay, we conducted a visual survey in parallel with an eDNA survey by collecting water samples from 50 sites throughout Osaka Bay. We visually found a finless porpoise at one location and detected eDNA at nine sites, including sites near the visual observation site and those with rare sightings of finless porpoises. Therefore, in this study, we suggest that the use of eDNA analysis for distribution surveys of finless porpoises will enable more efficient surveys. The proposed eDNA technique can not only be applied to the distribution surveys finless porpoises but also to those of other cetacean species.
A Comprehensive Review on Permissions-Based Android Malware Detection
Authors: Sharma Yash , Arora Anshul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The first Android-ready “G1” phone debuted in late October 2008. Since then, the growth of Android malware has been explosive analogous to the rise in the popularity of Android. The major positive aspect of Android has been its open-source nature, which empowers app developers to expand their work. But at the same time, authors with malicious intentions pose grave threats to users. In the presence of such threats, Android malware detection is the need of an hour. Consequently, researchers have proposed various techniques involving static, dynamic, and hybrid analysis to address such threats using numerous features in the last decade. But the feature that most researchers have extensively used to perform malware analysis and detection in Android security is Android permission. Hence, to provide a clarified overview of the latest and past work done in Android malware analysis and detection, we perform a comprehensive literature review using permissions as a central feature or in combination with other components by collecting and analyzing 200 studies from January 2009 to February 2023. We extracted information such as the choice opted by researchers between analysis or detection, techniques used to select or rank the permissions feature set, features used along with permissions, detection models employed, the malware datasets used by researchers, and lastly, the limitations and challenges in the field of Android malware detection to propose some future research directions. Additionally, based on the information extracted, we answer the six research questions designed considering the above factors.
Institutional environment threshold, logistics industry, and manufacturing production efficiency: An Empirical Study in China
Authors: Shen Liang , Li Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

As a key industry for maintaining sustainable economic development, the development or return of manufacturing has become a common expectation of countries around the world. However, achieving this goal is almost a daunting challenge, especially in the context of increasingly frequent global military conflicts. China’s successful industrialization and manufacturing production efficiency provide valuable reference experience for the development of manufacturing in countries around the world. Given some shortcomings in explaining the improvement of China’s manufacturing production efficiency through the development of the logistics industry, this paper proposes a nonlinear relationship between the two based on a review of related research. Using a threshold regression model and measuring the institutional environment threshold variable with a marketization index, it is confirmed that there is a nonlinear regulatory effect in the mechanism of the logistics industry improving manufacturing production efficiency. The research results show that from 2004 to 2012, with the institutional environment as a threshold, the mechanism of the railway logistics industry’s effect on manufacturing production efficiency showed a ‘gradually strengthening’ positive correlation; the mechanism of the highway logistics industry’s effect on manufacturing production efficiency showed a significant ‘positive to negative’ correlation. Due to the existence of the institutional environment threshold effect, there are differences in the improvement of manufacturing production efficiency by the railway and highway logistics industries. Therefore, systematically and dynamically viewing the policies of various countries to establish a good institutional environment and promote the development of highway and railway logistics industries has become an important insight drawn from this paper.
High-Throughput Screening of Catalytically Active Inclusion Bodies Using Laboratory Automation and Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Helleckes Laura Marie , Küsters Kira , Wagner Christian , Hamel Rebecca , Saborowski Ronja , Marienhagen Jan , Wiechert Wolfgang , Oldiges Marco 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background. In recent years, the production of inclusion bodies that retain substantial catalytic activity was demonstrated. These catalytically active inclusion bodies (CatIBs) are formed by genetic fusion of an aggregation-inducing tag to a gene of interest via short linker polypeptides. The resulting CatIBs are known for their easy and cost-efficient production, recyclability as well as their improved stability. Recent studies have outlined the cooperative effects of linker and aggregation-inducing tag on CatIB activities. However, no a priori prediction is possible so far to indicate the best combination thereof. Consequently, extensive screening is required to find the best performing CatIB variant. Results. In this work, a semi-automated cloning workflow was implemented and used for fast generation of 63 CatIB variants with glucose dehydrogenase of Bacillus subtilis (BsGDH). Furthermore, the variant BsGDH-PT-CBDCell was used to develop, optimize and validate an automated CatIB screening workflow, enhancing the analysis of many CatIB candidates in parallel. Compared to previous studies with CatIBs, important optimization steps include the exclusion of plate position effects in the BioLector by changing the cultivation temperature. For the overall workflow including strain construction, the manual workload could be reduced from 59 h to 7 h for 48 variants (88%). After demonstration of high reproducibility with 1.9% relative standard deviation across 42 biological replicates, the workflow was performed in combination with a Bayesian process model and Thompson sampling. While the process model is crucial to derive key performance indicators of CatIBs, Thompson sampling serves as a strategy to balance exploitation and exploration in screening procedures. Our methodology allowed analysis of 63 BsGDH-CatIB variants within only three batch experiments. Because of the high likelihood of TDoT-PT-BsGDH being the best CatIB performer, it was selected in 50 biological replicates during the three screening rounds, much more than other, low-performing variants. Conclusions. At the current state of knowledge, every new enzyme requires screening for different linker/aggregation-inducing tag combinations. For this purpose, the presented CatIB toolbox facilitates fast and simplified construction and screening procedures. The methodology thus assists in finding the best CatIB producer from large libraries in short time, rendering possible automated Design-Build-Test-Learn cycles to generate structure/function learnings.
Development and validation of a generic method for determination of antimalarial drugs using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)
Authors: Mekah Grace Gisela Nkakapen , Kakumba Jocelyn Mankulu , Kitenge Dadit Ive , Bujo Gloria Dhimbe , Menanzambi Tresor Bayebila , Malongo Tresor Kimbeni , Kialengila Didi Mana , Kindenge Jeremie Mbinze 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

A HPLTC method as a generic, semi-quantitative for simultaneous analysis of six known antimalarial drugs was developed, validated and successfully applied to the marketed brands in the Democratic republic of Congo.
The method characterized by its simplicity, rapidity, use in all quality control laboratories with simple equipment consisting of a spotter and UV-254 nm silica gel plates, and proved to be less expensive than HPLC.
The method was validated over the entire assay range (500µg/ml to 1500 µg/ml) using the total error strategy. It showed a good specificity, resulting from the lack of interference with the matrices used at the fixed wavelength (254 nm). The method demonstrated to be faithful, fair and accurate. The method exhibited a good linearity in this assay range, with the determination coefficient close to the unity (R2= 0.9816). The limits of quantification (upper and lower) also were assessed and corresponded to the used assay range.
Modeling of a Nonlinear Coupled Compliant Mechanism via Developed Kinematics-integrated Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Cai Bingyu , Solihin Mahmud Iwan , Chen Chaoran , Lu Xujin , Xie Zhigang , Yang Defu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

A precise motion control for compliant mechanisms hinges on an accurate kinematics model, particularly when dealing with intricate nonlinear coupled mechanisms. The motivation driving this research lies in leveraging existing knowledge to direct traditional neural networks (NN) in acquiring a nonlinear kinematics model (grey box), even with a limited dataset. Within this study, the 3-RRR (Revolute-Revolute-Revolute) flexure mechanism was selected due to its inherent nonlinear Multi-input Multi-output (MIMO) configuration. In relation to this type of flexure mechanism, the convolutional modeling approach based on compliance matrix theory aptly captures the relationship between inputs and outputs. Nonetheless, its linearity poses challenges in achieving utmost precision. In contrast, the NN modeling technique (black box) excels in accurately fitting kinematics models, yet its reliance on extensive data samples hinders practical engineering applications. To achieve a finely-tuned nonlinear kinematic model with a minimal dataset, theoretical prior knowledge serves as a guiding force for the NN to discern the intricate kinematic correlations within the 3-RRR nanopo-sitioner. In-depth, the grey-box network’s training process is steered by a refined learning rate, tailored through convolutional modeling theory (adaptive learning rate). Ultimately, the validation outcomes underscore a substantial enhancement in modeling accuracy.
Using average order spectra to determine point ordering
Authors: Felahi Saci 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This application used order analysis to identify the main and tail rotors of a helicopter as potential sources of high-amplitude vibration in the cabin. First, rpmfreqmap and rpmordermap were used to visualize orders. The RPM-order map provided order separation throughout the RPM range without the smearing artifacts present in the RPM-frequency map. rpmordermap was the best choice to visualize vibration components at lower RPM during the engine run-up and coast-down.
Advances in Ecological Surveillance: Real-Time Wildlife Detection using MobileNet-SSD V2 CNN
Authors: P Geethanjali , . Metun , Rajeshwari M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Across different regions, the ongoing struggle between humans and animals takes various shapes, including the prevalent problems with tigers in urban spaces and crop destruction by wild elephants. Crafting successful approaches to mitigate these human-wildlife confrontations stands as a pressing issue worldwide. Manually analyzing a large volume of photos and collected footage is exceptionally time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. Recent advancements in deep learning techniques have demonstrated promise in the identification of objects and species within images. In this paper, an automated wildlife detection system that leverages computer vision techniques and machine learning methods is introduced where the primary goal is to validate and train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), specifically MobileNet-SSD V2, to detect wildlife captured by camera traps. The approach includes building a versatile CNN framework with labeled images from benchmark datasets, annotated using LabelImg, and implementing it in TensorFlow Lite. Regular updates with fresh camera-trap images will enhance species recognition precision. This method could aid in conserving endangered species.
Ab-Initio Investigation of Electrical, Optical and Thermoelectric Properties of Sb2 S3 By Ag, Au and Cu Doping
Authors: Rafiq Qaiser , Hayat Sardar Sikandar , Azam Sikander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We have conducted a research study utilizing DFT simulations of band structures and Boltzmann transport kinetics equations that are semi-classical to investigate the optoelectronic and transport characteristics of both parental and metal-doped antimony trisulfide crystals. It is crucial to optimize the doping process and related technological parameters for effective performance. The band structure parameters are computed employing the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA). Our research determines that both the parental antimony trisulfide and Sb₂S₃ :( Ag/Au and Cu) exhibit direct band gaps with energy gap values of 1.65 and 1.5, 1.1 and 1.0 eV, respectively. The energy gap decreases notably with higher concentrations of Cu/Ag and Au dopants. Furthermore, we analyze the origins of these bands based on the electronic density of states. The optical dispersion spectra are calculated from the dielectric function spectra. Our theoretical simulations provide strong evidence that these materials have excellent potential for use in optoelectronic and thermoelectric implementations. Additionally, the simulations indicate that specific ion replacements can be employed to enhance their transport properties.
Assessment of farmers' willingness to pay for foot and mouth disease vaccines using the contingent valuation method in Central Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Lemi Misgana , Gebremedhin Endrias , Sarba Edilu , Bune Wakuma 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Foot and mouth disease is among the contagious transboundary and economically devastating viral diseases of cloven-hoofed animals. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on 396 randomly selected livestock-owning farmers from three districts in central Ethiopia to estimate the willingness to pay for foot and mouth disease vaccines using a contingent valuation method based on dichotomous choice bids with double bounds. The study assessed the mean willingness to pay through interval regression and identified the influencing factors.
Results
The study revealed that the farmer's mean willingness to pay for a hypothetical foot and mouth disease vaccine was 37.5 Ethiopian Birr (95% confidence interval [CI]: 34.5 40.58) in all data, while it was 23.84 (95% CI: 21.47–26.28) in the mixed farming system and 64.87 Ethiopian Birr (95% CI: 58.68 71.15) in the market-oriented farming system. We identified main livelihood, management system, breed, keeping animals for profit, and foot and mouth disease impact perception score as significant variables (p ≤ 0.05) that determine the farmers' willingness to pay for the foot and mouth disease vaccine.
Conclusion
Farmers demonstrated a high computed willingness to pay, which can be considered an advantage in Ethiopia's foot and mouth disease vaccination program. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure sufficient vaccine supply services to meet the high demand revealed.