bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management and Salicylic Acid Application on Relative Water Content, Plant Height and Grain Yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Authors: Patnaik Girija Prasad , Baliarsingh Anupama , Dwibedi Sanat Kumar , Rath Bama Shankar , Mishra Dayanidhi , Panda Narayan , Samal Kailash Chandra 
Published: November 2023

Aims: A field study was conducted to quantify the effect of moisture deficit stress at different critical stages of quinoa and different mitigation approaches were adopted in order to alleviate moisture deficit stress.
Study Design: The experiment was designed in split plot design comprising of six main plots (water management) and four sub plots (stress mitigation approaches). The treatments in main plots viz., no irrigation at branching (M1), at ear formation (M2), flowering (M3), grain filling (M4) stages, irrigating at all four stages (M5) and irrigating as and when required (M6), and sub plot treatments viz., soil test-based fertilizer recommendation (STBFR) (S1), STBFR + Salicylic acid spray at 100 ppm (S2), STBFR + rice straw mulching (S3) and integrated nutrient management (S4) were tested.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar during Rabi 2021-22.
Methodology: Moisture deficit stress was imposed by withholding irrigation water and not irrigating in the defined period. The treatments in the subplots were imposed as per the schedule.
Results: Optimal results, including significantly taller plants, elevated relative water content, and increased grain yield, were achieved when irrigation was applied on an as-needed basis (M6). Conversely, the lowest grain yield was observed when moisture deficit stress was imposed during the branching stage of quinoa. This outcome was primarily linked to a more substantial reduction in both relative water content and plant height. Among the various stress mitigation approaches, integrated nutrient management (S4) emerged as the most effective management practice, followed closely by STBFR + Salicylic acid spray at 100 ppm (S2).
Conclusion: The result indicated that branching stage is the most critical stage for irrigation in quinoa and integrated nutrient management could be the best approach under moisture deficit stress in quinoa among the other treatments.
Studies on Selection Indices for Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Improvement Using Interrelationship and Path Analysis under Sub-Tropical Conditions of Indore Region
Authors: Afrayeem Syed , Patidar Sachin , Kumar Hemant , Pandey Pratibha , Mohan Nitin 
Published: November 2023

In Rabi 2022–2023 at Central Research Farm, Oriental University Indore, Madhya Pradesh, twenty varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were used in this investigation, which was conducted using an RBD design with three replications. Thirteen quantitative characters were used to record data in order to study the relationships and path analysis between the characters. Correlation studies showed that biomass yield (0.891**, 0.511**), number of grains per spike (0.844**, 0.538**), and thousand seed weight (0.544**, 0.359**) exhibited significant positive correlation with grain yield at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Based on mean performance, JW 3020 (343.687 g) displayed the highest grain yield per running meter. At both the genotypic and phenotypic levels, the characters such as days to maturity (-0.473**, -0.609**) showed a negative correlation with grain yield per running meter. Path analysis showed that characters such as days to maturity (-0.005, -0.0055) had negative direct effects on grain yield per running meter at both phenotypic and genotypic levels, and characters like number of grains per spike (0.835, 0.035), biomass yield (0.71, 0.765), and harvest index (0.089, 0.598) had direct positive effects on grain yield per running meter at both genotypic and phenotypic levels.
Assessing the Efficacy of Bio-rational Insecticides for Controlling Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) Infestations on Mustard Crops
Authors: Upadhyay Ankit , Biswas S. K. , Dwivedi R. K. , Maurya C. L. , Kumar Kaushal , Bharathi K. , Pal Deepak Singh 
Published: November 2023

Among the various treatments evaluated for their bio-rational effect against mustard aphid on Indian mustard during year- 2021-22 at C. S. Azad University of Agriculture & Technology Kanpur Uttar Pradesh, the descending order are the followed treatments are NSKE @10% > NSKE @5% > Cow Urine @ 10% > Verticillium lecanii @ 1.5kg/ha. > Lantana leaf extract @ 10 % > Castor leaf extract @ 10% > Lantana leaf extract @ 5 % > Castor leaf extract @ 5% > Cow Urine @ 5%. India, the spray of NSKE 10% @ 60 lit/ha followed by NSKE 5 % @ 30 lit/ha was proved to be the best treatments with pooled mean aphid population of 5.42, 5.10, 4.96, 4.85, 5.39, 5.26, 5.42, 5.23, 5.13, and 7.29 aphid/pant in the control after 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of treatment, respectively. The treatment NSKE 10 % was proved best and significantly superior over all treatments with highest reduction of Infestation of Lipaphis erysimi kalt. in both the years.
Exploring Sustainable Practices in Modern Agronomy and their Environmental Impact- A Review
Authors: Rajput Aashu , Roy Shalini , Waghmare M. N. , Singh Swati , Shukla Vineet Kumar , Singh Vikash , Singh Prachi 
Published: November 2023

The field of agronomy is undergoing a seismic shift towards sustainability, driven by an increasing understanding of the long-term benefits and a global urgency to act against climate change. It aims to explore the multifaceted realm of sustainable agronomy, scrutinizing its practices, benefits, challenges, and future prospects. It delve into the types of sustainable practices currently in use, such as crop rotation, organic farming, and conservation tillage, highlighting their positive impact on soil health, water quality, and biodiversity. We also offer a comparative analysis, contrasting these sustainable practices with conventional methods in terms of yield, economic benefits, and environmental impact. Also, dedicated to policy implications, discussing existing government policies that support sustainable practices and offering recommendations for further policy interventions. Case studies from India and abroad serve to demonstrate the practical application and success of these methods. The transition to sustainable agronomy is fraught with challenges. Technological needs, such as the requirement for advanced machinery and analytics tools, can be a hurdle, especially for small-scale farmers. Educational gaps also present a significant challenge, as current agronomy curricula in many parts of the world are not geared towards sustainable practices. Financial constraints, often exacerbated by inadequate support systems, add another layer of complexity to the transition. Despite these challenges, the review identifies multiple avenues for future research, including the development of cost-effective technologies, educational reforms, and alternative financing models to support farmers.
Effect of Intercropping System of Vegetables on Yield and Economics of Arecanut Plantation
Authors: Desai Nagappa , Shreenivasa K. R. , Anitha M. S. , Shankara M. H. 
Published: November 2023

The on farm trials were conducted to study the effect of intercropping system of vegetables on yield, economics and soil fertility status of Arecanut plantation during the year from 2015-16 to 2016-17 at various villages in Tiptur taluk of Tumkur district, Karnataka state. The three intercropping systems involved viz., Treatment T1- Arecanut as mono-cropping (farmers practice), Treatment T2 - Arecanut intercrops with vegetable cowpea and Treatment T3- Arecanut intercrops with vegetable french bean conducted at seven farmers field as replication. The 26 year old Arecanut plantation of Gubbi local variety planted with 2.7 m x 2.7 m spacing. The result reveals that the two year mean data of experiments were recorded. The maximum chali yield of Arecanut was recorded (12.53 q/ha/year) in Arecanut plantation intercrops with vegetable french bean, which is on far with Arecanut plantation (12.25 q/ha/year) intercrops with vegetable cowpea. Whereas, significantly minimum chali yield of arecanut was obtained in Arecanut as mono-cropping system in farmers practice. The cultivation of Arecanut intercrops with vegetable french bean was obtained highest net annual income (Rs. 2,56,832/ha) and B:C ratio (2.85) with additional income of the farmers and high market demand of vegetable beans as compared to cultivation of Arecanut plantation intercrops with vegetable cowpea at Rs. 2,29,083/ha with B:C ratio of 2.72 with less demand of vegetable cowpea at market, whereas, cultivation of Arecanut as monocropping system was recorded lowest net annual income (Rs.1,45,290/ha) with B:C ratio (2.29) and no additional income from arecanut mono-cropping system practices in farmers field.
The soil samples were collected from arecanut plantation before initiated and after the experiment, analyzed the soil fertility status of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash availability, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) in soil. Soil pH and organic matter content of samples were slightly alkaline to neutral and low to high respectively. The soil fertility status of Arecanut plantation intercrops with vegetable French beans was recorded numerical improved (P<0.05) in all three major nutrients over the pre-treatment observation in the soil, which is on far with soil fertility status of Arecanut plantation intercrops with vegetable cowpea, whereas, soil fertility status of NPK were found to lowest in Arecanut as mono- cropping system as farmers practices. This might be due to incorporated residue of French bean and cowpea biomass into soil, which fixes atmospheric nitrogen as results in improved of soil fertility status. Arecanut plantation intercrops with vegetable french bean were recorded higher net returns and sustainability of the soil fertility by cultivating more suitable cropping system to enhanced income of farmers.
Radiation therapy margin reduction for patients with localized prostate cancer: A prospective study of the dosimetric impact and quality of life
Authors: Kumarasiri Akila , Chetty Indrin J. , Devpura Suneetha , Pradhan Deepak , Aref Ibrahim , Elshaikh Mohamed A. , Movsas Benjamin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the impact of reducing Clinical Target Volume (CTV) to Planning Target Volume (PTV) margins on delivered radiation therapy (RT) dose and patient reported quality‐of‐life (QOL) for patients with localized prostate cancer.MethodsTwenty patients were included in a single institution IRB‐approved prospective study. Nine were planned with reduced margins (4 mm at prostate/rectum interface, 5 mm elsewhere), and 11 with standard margins (6/10 mm). Cumulative delivered dose was calculated using deformable dose accumulation. Each daily CBCT dataset was deformed to the planning CT (pCT), dose was computed, and accumulated on the resampled pCT using a parameter‐optimized, B‐spline algorithm (Elastix, ITK/VTK). EPIC‐26 patient reported QOL was prospectively collected pre‐treatment, post‐treatment, and at 2‐, 6‐, 12‐, 18‐, 24‐, 36‐, 48‐, and 60‐month follow‐ups. Post ‐RT QOL scores were baseline corrected and standardized to a [0–100] scale using EPIC‐26 methodology. Correlations between QOL scores and dosimetric parameters were investigated, and the overall QOL differences between the two groups (QOLMargin‐reduced‐QOLcontrol) were calculated.ResultsThe median QOL follow‐up length for the 20 patients was 48 months. Difference between delivered dose and planned dose did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.1) for both targets and organs at risk between the two groups. At 4 years post‐RT, standardized mean QOLMargin‐reduced‐QOLcontrol were improved for Urinary Incontinence, Urinary Irritative/Obstructive, Bowel, and Sexual EPIC domains by 3.5, 14.8, 10.2, and 16.1, respectively (higher values better). The control group showed larger PTV/rectum and PTV/bladder intersection volumes (7.2 ± 5.8, 18.2 ± 8.1 cc) than the margin‐reduced group (2.6 ± 1.8, 12.5 ± 8.3 cc), though the dose to these intersection volumes did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.1) between the groups. PTV/rectum intersection volume showed a moderate correlation (r = −0.56, p < 0.05) to Bowel EPIC domain.ConclusionsResults of this prospective study showed that margin‐reduced group exhibited clinically meaningful improvement of QOL without compromising the target dose coverage.
A coupled recursive least squares algorithm for multivariable systems and its computational amount analysis by using the coupling identification concept
Authors: Jin Yu , Ding Feng 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIn order to solve the problem of the parameter identification for large‐scale multivariable systems, which leads to a large amount of computation for identification algorithms, two recursive least squares algorithms are derived according to the characteristics of the multivariable systems. To further reduce the amount of computation and cut down the redundant estimation, we propose a coupled recursive least squares algorithm based on the coupling identification concept. By coupling the same parameter estimates between sub‐identification algorithms, the redundant estimation of the subsystem parameter vectors are avoided. Compared with the recursive least squares algorithms, the proposed algorithm in this article have higher computational efficiency and smaller estimation errors. Finally, the simulation example tests the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Interface Engineering of Heterogeneous NiSe2‐CoSe2@C@MoSe2 for High‐Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Zhai Naixin , Luo Juhua , Mei Jie , Wu Yuhan , Shu Pengcheng , Yan Wenxing , Li Xiaopeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOptimization of components and micromorphology regulation are shown to be effective in boosting electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA). One approach to achieve this enhancement is by utilizing the polarization effects of heterogeneous interfaces. Herein, NiSe2‐CoSe2@C@MoSe2 composites derived from NiCo‐MOF‐74 are fabricated via a facile selenization reaction and subsequent hydrothermal method. By varying the mass ratios of NiSe2‐CoSe2@C and MoSe2, a series of NiSe2‐CoSe2@C@MoSe2 composites with hierarchical flower‐like core–shell structures are obtained. The EMWA properties of the composites display a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing with the increasing content of MoSe2. Interestingly, when the mass ratio of NiSe2‐CoSe2@C and MoSe2 is 3:2, the minimum reflection loss (RL) value is −50.10 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (RL< −10 dB) value can reach 4.80 GHz (13.20–18.00 GHz). The remarkable EMWA capability can be ascribed to the synergy effects of conductive loss, polarization loss, and suitable impedance matching. This work establishes a new pathway for the synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenides‐based composites, which hold great promise as high‐performance materials for EMWA applications.
Dion–Jacobson Phase Perovskite Crystal Assembled by π‐Conjugated Aromatic Spacer for X‐Ray Detectors with an Ultralow Detection Limit
Authors: Fan Qingshun , Ma Yu , You Shihai , Xu Haojie , Guo Wuqian , Liu Yi , Tang Liwei , Li Wenjing , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract2D Dion–Jacobson (DJ) perovskites recently have attracted extensive attention for X‐ray detection owing to their structural rigidity and environmental stability. The chemical incorporation of π‐conjugation aromatic spacing cations into DJ phase perovskites will increase the rigidity of cation and electron cloud density between adjacent inorganic slabs, thus facilitating structural rigidity and charge transport. However, it is still a challenge to synthesize high‐quality single crystals of DJ phase perovskite with aromatic spacers for detecting X‐ray applications. Here, a new DJ phase perovskite by introducing π‐conjugated aromatic cation spacer, (4ABA)PbI4 (1, 4ABA = 4‐aminobenzylamine), eliminating the van der Waals gap is designed. High‐quality single crystals of 1 are grown via the facile solution method, exhibiting high resistivity (1.97 × 1011 Ω cm), low trap density (3.36 × 109 cm−3), and large carrier mobility‐lifetime product (1.03 × 10−3 cm2 V−1) under X‐ray illumination. Such remarkable physical characteristics endow single crystal 1 detector with high‐performance X‐ray detection including a high sensitivity of 572 µC Gyair−1cm−2, an ultralow detection limit of 7.50 nGyair s−1 and exceptional radiation stability. The X‐ray detection limit of 1 is over 700 times lower than that of routine medical diagnosis (5500 nGyair s−1), demonstrating potential applications in medical examination.
A pH‐Responsive Virus‐Like Particle as a Protein Cage for a Targeted Delivery
Authors: Kim Kwan‐Jip , Kim Gijeong , Bae Jin‐Ho , Song Ji‐Joon , Kim Hak‐Sung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA stimuli‐responsive protein self‐assembly offers promising utility as a protein nanocage for biotechnological and medical applications. Herein, the development of a virus‐like particle (VLP) that undergoes a transition between assembly and disassembly under a neutral and acidic pH, respectively, for a targeted delivery is reported. The structure of the bacteriophage P22 coat protein is used for the computational design of coat subunits that self‐assemble into a pH‐responsive VLP. Subunit designs are generated through iterative computational cycles of histidine substitutions and evaluation of the interaction energies among the subunits under an acidic and neutral pH. The top subunit designs are tested and one that is assembled into a VLP showing the highest pH‐dependent structural transition is selected. The cryo‐EM structure of the VLP is determined, and the structural basis of a pH‐triggered disassembly is delineated. The utility of the designed VLP is exemplified through the targeted delivery of a cytotoxic protein cargo into tumor cells in a pH‐dependent manner. These results provide strategies for the development of self‐assembling protein architectures with new functionality for diverse applications.
Electrochemical Evolution of Ru‐Based Polyoxometalates into Si,W‐Codoped RuOx for Acidic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Jeon Dasom , Kim Dong Yeon , Kim Hyeongoo , Kim Nayeong , Lee Cheolmin , Seo Dong‐Hwa , Ryu Jungki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite intensive studies over decades, the development of electrocatalysts for acidic water splitting still relies on platinum group metals, especially Pt and Ir, which are scarce, expensive, and poorly sustainable. Because such problems can be alleviated, Ru‐based bifunctional catalysts such as rutile RuO2 have recently emerged. However, RuO2 has a relatively low activity for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and low stability for oxygen evolution reactions (OER) under acidic conditions. In this study, the synthesis of a RuOx‐based bifunctional catalyst (RuSiW) for acidic water splitting via the electrochemical evolution from Ru‐based polyoxometalates at cathodic potentials is reported. RuSiW consists of the nanocrystalline RuO2 core and Si,W‐codoped RuOx shell. RuSiW exhibits outstanding HER and OER activity comparable to Pt/C and RuO2, respectively, with high stability. Computational analysis suggests that the codoping of RuOx with W and Si synergistically improves the HER activity of otherwise poor RuO2 by shifting the d‐band center and optimizing atomic configurations beneficial for proper hydrogen adsorption. This study provides insights into the design and synthesis of unprecedented bifunctional electrocatalysts using catalytically inactive and less explored elements, such as Si and W.
Bimetallic‐MOF Derived Carbon with Single Pt Anchored C4 Atomic Group Constructing Super Fuel Cell with Ultrahigh Power Density And Self‐Change Ability
Authors: Chai Lulu , Song Jinlu , Kumar Anuj , Miao Rui , Sun Yanzhi , Liu Xiaoguang , Yasin Ghulam , Li Xifei , Pan Junqing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPursuing high power density with low platinum catalysts loading is a huge challenge for developing high‐performance fuel cells (FCs). Herein, a new super fuel cell (SFC) is proposed with ultrahigh output power via specific electric double‐layer capacitance (EDLC) + oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) parallel discharge, which is achieved using the newly prepared catalyst, single‐atomic platinum on bimetallic metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐derived hollow porous carbon nanorods (PtSA/HPCNR). The PtSA‐1.74/HPCNR‐based SFC has a 3.4‐time higher transient specific power density and 13.3‐time longer discharge time with unique in situ self‐charge and energy storage ability than 20% Pt/C‐based FCs. X‐ray absorption fine structure, aberration‐corrected high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscope, and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the synergistic effect of Pt single‐atoms anchored on carbon defects significantly boosts its electron transfer, ORR catalytic activity, durability, and rate performance, realizing rapid “ ORR+EDLC” parallel discharge mechanism to overcome the sluggish ORR process of traditional FCs. The promising SFC leads to a new pathway to boost the power density of FCs with extra‐low Pt loading.
Amphoteric Ion Bridged Buried Interface for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Yuling , Yu Runnan , Li Minghua , He Zhangwei , Dong Yiman , Xu Zhiyang , Wang Ruyue , Ma Zongwen , Tan Zhanao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSynergistic morphology and defects management at the buried perovskite interface are challenging but crucial for the further improvement of inverted perovskite solar cells (PerSCs). Herein, an amphoteric organic salt, 2‐(4‐fluorophenyl)ethylammonium‐4‐methyl benzenesulfonate (4FPEAPSA), is designed to optimize the film morphology and energy level alignment at the perovskite buried interface. 4FPEAPSA treatment promotes the growth of a void‐free, coarse‐grained, and hydrophobic film by inducing the crystal orientation. Besides, the dual‐functional 4FPEAPSA can chemically interact with the perovskite film, and passivate the defects of iodine and formamidine vacancies, tending to revert the fermi level of perovskite to its defect‐free state. Meanwhile, the formation of a p‐type doping buried interface can facilitate the interfacial charge extraction and transport of PerSCs for reduced carrier recombination loss. Consequently, 4FPEAPSA treatment improves the efficiency of the perovskite devices to 25.03% with better storage, heat, and humidity stability. This work contributes to strengthening the systematic understanding of the perovskite buried interface, providing a synergetic approach to realize precise morphology control, effective defect suppression, and energy level alignment for efficient PerSCs.
Base‐Mediated Synthesis of 1,3‐Diazaphenothiazines from 2‐Methylbenzothiazoliums, Aryl Aldehydes and Amidines
Authors: Liang Baihui , Deng Haiyin , Xu Shengting , Huang Jie , Liu Jingyu , Cai Xiangya , Chen Tian‐Xiang , Chen Xiuwen , Zhu Zhongzhi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we developed a process for the [2+1+3] cyclization of 2‐methylbenzothiazole salts, aldehydes and amidine hydrochlorides, which allows rapid synthesis of 1,3‐diazaphenothiazines with moderate to good yields. The use of ethanol as solvent, oxygen as the terminal oxidant, mild reaction conditions, good functionality tolerance show the promising application in organic synthesis.