bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the structural, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Ti‐V solid solutions
Authors: Pan Yong , Zhu Jiaxin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlthough Ti‐V based high‐temperature alloys are used in aerospace engine, rocket engine and hot sections, the structure and mechanical properties of Ti‐V alloys remains controversy. To explore the correlation between structural and mechanical properties, we apply employed the DFT method to study the phases stability, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Ti‐V solid solution. Two Ti‐V solid solutions: Ti(V)ss solid solution and V(Ti)ss solid solution are discussed. Two Ti‐V solid solutions are thermodynamic stability. In particular, the Ti‐V solid solution prefers to form V(Ti)ss solid solution, in while the V(Ti)ss solid solution remains cubic structure. Furthermore, the Ti(V)ss solid solution is a mechanical instability. However, the V(Ti)ss solid solution is a mechanical stability. Here, the bulk modulus, shear modulus and Young's modulus of V(Ti)ss solid solution are 136.9, 23.5 and 66.7 GPa. In particular, the bulk modulus of V(Ti)ss solid solution is higher than the bulk modulus of the pure Ti. In addition, the V(Ti)ss solid solution shows better ductility compared to the pure Ti and V. Naturally, the stability and mechanical properties of V(Ti) solid solution is related to the Ti‐V metallic bond because of the localized hybridization between the Ti(3d) and V(3d).
3‐Aminopropyl Triethoxysilane Capped ZnO Quantum Dots for Acrylamide Detection
Authors: Saber Goerget , Badie Gamal , El‐Dissouky Ali , Ebrahim Shaker , Shokry Azza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAcrylamide (AA) is a carcinogenic, neurotoxin, and pregnancy‐harmful agent produced in food thermal processing. A specified excellent analytical technique performance is desired for detecting low AA concentration for human protection from its adverse impacts. A photoluminescent sensor APTES capped zinc oxide quantum dots (APTES/ZnO QDs) has been synthesized for AA quantification. Different capping agent's effects, for instance, triethanolamine (TEA), oleic acid (OA), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), 3‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), and ethyl acetate (EA) on ZnO QDs are examined. The photoluminescence (PL) response of pristine ZnO QDs and APTES/ZnO QDs probe toward AA concentrations is investigated. This developed sensor exhibits selectivity as well as sensitivity for detecting AA ranging from 0.01 to 8.0 mM with a strong correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9998 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0019 mM, which is lesser than the WHO and European Union's guideline value. The possible photoluminescence enhancement mechanism of the APTES/ZnO QDs probe for AA detection is studied. Additionally, the reliability and performance of this facile, rapid, and precise analytical technique for quantifying AA in potato chip samples is confirmed and revealed satisfactory recoveries from 99.30 to 101.69% with relative standard deviations (RSD) from 1.4 to 1.6%.
Auxiliary model‐based interval‐varying maximum likelihood estimation for nonlinear systems with missing data
Authors: Xia Huafeng , Wu Zhengle , Xu Sheng , Liu Lijuan , Li Yang , Zhou Yin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe identification problem of nonlinear system with missing data is focused in this article. In order to overcome the system unavailable outputs, an auxiliary model‐based interval‐varying recursive identification method is derived by changing the sampling interval and substituting the missing output with the output of an auxiliary model. Based on the maximum likelihood principle and the least‐squares method, a maximum likelihood‐based interval‐varying recursive least‐squares method is investigated. The validity of the proposed maximum likelihood method is tested by a numerical simulation example and a practical continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) process.
Single‐Ion Conductive Polymer‐Based Composite Electrolytes for High‐Performance Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wen Kaihua , Guan Shundong , Liu Sijie , Yuan Haocheng , Liang Ying , Yu Dengfeng , Zhang Zheng , Li Liangliang , Nan Ce‐Wen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFlexible composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) with inorganic electrolyte fillers dispersed in polymer electrolytes integrate the merits of the polymer and inorganic electrolytes and have attracted much attention in recent years. In order to increase the electrochemical performance, especially the low lithium (Li)‐ion transference number in traditional dual‐ion Li salt‐containing CPEs, single‐ion conductive CPEs are synthesized with a single‐ion polymer conductor (SIPC) as the matrix and Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) particles as the active fillers. The single‐ion conductive CPEs show a high Li‐ion transference number (up to 0.96), high room‐temperature (RT) ionic conductivity (>1.0 × 10−4 S cm−1), wide electrochemical stability window (>5.0 V, vs Li/Li+), and excellent long‐term cycling stability with Li metal at RT (3200 h). Based on the SIPC‐LLZTO CPE, the solid‐state lithium metal batteries with LiFePO4‐ and LiCoO2‐based cathodes deliver average discharge capacities of 159 mAh g−1 for 600 cycles and 119 mAh g−1 for 200 cycles at RT, respectively. This study sheds light on the design of high‐performance CPEs for next‐generation solid‐state lithium metal batteries.
Nanorheology and Nanoindentation Revealed a Softening and an Increased Viscous Fluidity of Adherent Mammalian Cells upon Increasing the Frequency
Authors: Gisbert Victor G. , Espinosa Francsico M. , Sanchez Juan G. , Serrano Maria Concepcion , Garcia Ricardo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe nanomechanical response of a cell depends on the frequency at which the cell is probed. The components of the cell that contribute to this property and their interplay are not well understood. Here, two force microscopy methods are integrated to characterize the frequency and/or the velocity‐dependent properties of living cells. It is shown on HeLa and fibroblasts, that cells soften and fluidize upon increasing the frequency or the velocity of the deformation. This property was independent of the type and values (25 or 1000 nm) of the deformation. At low frequencies (2‐10 Hz) or velocities (1–10 µm s−1), the response is dominated by the mechanical properties of the cell surface. At higher frequencies (>10 Hz) or velocities (>10 µm s−1), the response is dominated by the hydrodynamic drag of the cytosol. Softening and fluidization does not seem to involve any structural remodeling. It reflects a redistribution of the applied stress between the solid and liquid‐like elements of the cell as the frequency or the velocity is changed. The data indicates that the quasistatic mechanical properties of a cell featuring a cytoskeleton pathology might be mimicked by the response of a non‐pathological cell which is probed at a high frequency.
Scalable Preparation of Polyimide Sandwiched Separator for Durable High‐Rate Lithium‐Metal Battery
Authors: Zhou Kangjie , Wang Yang , Mei Jiabing , Zhang Xu , Xue Tiantian , Fan Wei , Zhang Longsheng , Liu Tianxi , Xie Yi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe ever‐growing demands for efficient energy storage accelerate the development of high‐rate lithium‐metal battery (LMB) with desirable energy density, power density, and cycling stability. Nevertheless, the practical application of LMB is critically impeded by internal temperature rise and lithium dendrite growth, especially at high charge/discharge rates. It is highly desired but remains challenging to develop high‐performance thermotolerant separators that can provide favorable channels to enable fast Li+ transport for high‐rate operation and simultaneously homogenize the lithium deposition for dendrite inhibition. Polyimide‐based separators with superior thermal properties are promising candidate alternatives to the commercial polyolefin‐based separators, but previous strategies of designing either nanoporous or microporous channels in polyimide‐based separators often meet a dilemma. Here, a facile and scalable approach is reported to develop a polyimide fiber/aerogel (denoted as PIFA) separator with the microporous polyimide fiber membrane sandwiched between two nanoporous polyimide aerogel layers, which can enable LMBs with remarkable capacity retention of 97.2% after 1500 cycles at 10 C. The experimental and theoretical studies unravel that the sandwiched structure of PIFA can appreciably enhance the electrolyte adsorption and ionic conductivity; while, the aerogel coating can effectively inhibit dendrite growth to realize durable high‐rate LMBs.
Hierarchical‐Bioinspired MOFs Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Rehman Sajid ur , Xu Shuai , Li Zehua , Tao Tongxiang , Zhang Jing , Xia Haining , Xu Hunagtao , Ma Kun , Wang Junfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProteins exhibit complex and diverse multi‐dimensional structures, along with a wide range of functional groups capable of binding metal ions. By harnessing the unique characteristics of proteins, it is possible to enhance the synthesis of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) and modify their morphology. Here, the utilization of biomineralized bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein as a template for synthesizing Mil‐100 with superior microwave absorption (MA) properties is investigated. The multi‐dimensional structure and abundant functional groups of biomineralized BSA protein make it an ideal candidate for guiding the synthesis of Mil‐100 with intricate network structures. The BSA@Mil‐100 synthesized using this method exhibits exceptional uniformity and monodispersity of nanocrystals. The findings suggest that the BSA protein template significantly influences the regulation of nanocrystal and microstructure formation of Mil‐100, resulting in a highly uniform and monodisperse structure. Notably, the synthesized 2‐BSA@Mil‐100 demonstrates a high reflection loss value of −58 dB at 8.85 GHz, along with a maximum effective absorption bandwidth value of 6.79 GHz, spanning from 6.01 to 12.8 GHz. Overall, this study highlights the potential of utilizing BSA protein as a template for MOF synthesis, offering an effective strategy for the design and development of high‐performance MA materials.
Characterization of Cancer Cell Mechanics by Measuring Active Deformation Behavior
Authors: Feng Jiantao , Sun Quanmei , Chen Peipei , Ren Keli , Zhang Yuanyuan , Shi Yahong , Gao Songkun , Song Zhiwei , Wang Jigang , Liao Fulong , Han Dong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractActive deformation behavior reflects cell structural dynamics adapting to varying environmental constraints during malignancy progression. In most cases, cell mechanics is characterized by modeling using static equilibrium systems, which fails to comprehend cell deformation behavior leading to inaccuracies in distinguishing cancer cells from normal cells. Here, a method is introduced to measure the active deformation behavior of cancer cells using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the newly developed deformation behavior cytometry (DBC). During the measurement, cells are deformed and allows a long timescale relaxation (≈5 s). Two parameters are derived to represent deformation behavior: apparent Poisson's ratio for adherent cells, which is measured with AFM and refers to the ratio of the lateral strain to the longitudinal strain of the cell, and shape recovery for suspended cells, which is measured with DBC. Active deformation behavior defines cancer cell mechanics better than traditional mechanical parameters (e.g., stiffness, diffusion, and viscosity). Additionally, aquaporins are essential for promoting the deformation behavior, while the actin cytoskeleton acts as a downstream effector. Therefore, the potential application of the cancer cell active deformation behavior as a biomechanical marker or therapeutic target in cancer treatment should be evaluated.
Targeting immunometabolic pathways for combination therapy in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Erichsen Jennifer , Craft Suzanne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe recent success of disease‐modifying anti‐amyloid monoclonal antibodies in slowing Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms has been an exciting step forward for the field. Despite successfully clearing amyloid from the brain, however, only modest symptomatic improvement has been demonstrated, and treatment‐related side effects such as amyloid‐related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) limit use for some. These limitations suggest that fully efficacious AD treatment may require combination therapy regimens, as are used in other complex disorders such as cancer and HIV. One reasonable strategy may be to use agents that address the biological changes that predict future amyloid accumulation, or accompany amyloid accumulation in preclinical disease states. Immunometabolic pathways, including the insulin signaling pathway, are dysregulated at the earliest stages of AD, concomitant with amyloid accumulation. It is plausible that agents that target these pathways may work synergistically with anti‐amyloid therapies to halt AD progression. Insulin signaling is integrally involved in innate and adaptive immune systems, with pleiotropic effects that moderate pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory responses. Metabolic modulators that enhance insulin sensitivity and function, such as GLP‐1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and insulin itself have been shown to improve immune function and reduce chronic inflammation. Additional effects of insulin and metabolic modulators demonstrated in preclinical and clinical studies of AD include increased clearance of amyloid‐β, slowed tau progression, improved vascular function and lipid metabolism, reduced synaptotoxicity, and improved cognitive and functional outcomes. A large number of compounds that treat metabolic disorders have been extensively characterized with respect to mechanism of action and safety, and thus are readily available to be repurposed for combination therapy protocols. Determining the most successful combination regimens of these agents together with disease‐modifying therapies, and the appropriate timing of treatment, are promising next steps in the quest to treat and prevent AD.
Adiposity as a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease and the mediating effect of metabolic and inflammatory status: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: He Zixuan , Fu Tian , Lu Shiyuan , Sun Yuhao , Zhang Yao , Shi Wenming , Li Zhaoshen , Deng Minzi , Chen Jie , Bai Yu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo examine whether general and abdominal adiposity was a risk factor for the new‐onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the potential mediating effect of metabolic and inflammation status.MethodsA total of 492,998 individuals free of IBD recruited from 2006 to 2010 in the UK Biobank were included in our study, with ongoing follow‐up linking to the health‐related outcome. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to evaluate the associations between general adiposity (body mass index) and abdominal adiposity (waist circumference) and the subsequent risk of IBD and its subtype. We also investigated the potential mediating effects of metabolic and inflammation status by carrying out exploratory mediation analyses.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 12.5 years, we documented 2954 incident IBD cases (915 Crohn's disease [CD] and 2039 ulcerative colitis). After adjustment for important confounders, body mass index (hazard ratio [HR] highest quintile [Q5] vs. lowest quintile [Q1] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.32; P‐trend = 0.006) and waist circumference (HR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.30, 95% CI 1.14–1.49; P‐trend <0.001) showed a positive association with the risk of IBD. The associations were partially mediated by metabolic status (24%; 15%), C‐reactive protein (36%; 19%) and inflammation score (82%; 46%).ConclusionsAdiposity bore a risk factor for incident IBD, whereas unhealthy metabolism, especially inflammation, seemed to be an important intermediate condition between the association. Our findings provide evidence for possible mechanisms relating adiposity to IBD from an epidemiological perspective, and experimental studies are needed for further demonstration.
Bluetongue outbreak in a sheep flock from Iran
Authors: Jahanroshan Navid , Dalir‐Naghadeh Bahram , Lotfollahzadeh Samad , Abdollahi Mostafa , Azarmi Sareh , Moosakhani Farhad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBluetongue virus (BTV) is an arthropodborne Orbivirus that belongs to the Reoviridae family. Bluetongue is one of the most important diseases of sheep. A flock of 300 Lacon sheep just arrived from France, located in the countryside of Qazvin city, Iran, was examined, in August 2022. In history taking and clinical examination, submandibular oedema (216/300, 72%), fever (216/300, 72%), inappetence (216/300, 72%), stomatitis (216/300, 72%), nasal discharge (90/300, 30%) and lameness (30/300, 10%) were recorded. Foot‐and‐mouth disease, bluetongue (BT), contagious ecthyma and peste des petits ruminants were the most important differential diagnosis with reference to clinical signs. Tongue scraping samples from four clinically affected sheep were sent to the laboratory for PCR tests and, in all of them, BTV was detected. The affected flock had a history of vaccination with an attenuated live vaccine in the previous 4 months. The morbidity rate, mortality rate and case fatality rate were 72% (216/300), 7% (21/300) and 9.7% (21/216), respectively. This report is the first documented clinical form of BT in sheep from Iran.
Disposing of Daily Life Resources by Active Modes
Authors: Hachette Maxime , Propeck-Zimmermann Eliane , L’Hostis Alain 
Published: September 2023

AbstractToday, many cities are promoting sustainable mobility. Their policies have already reduced the car’s place, developed pedestrian and bicycle facilities, or renewed public transport. This raises the question of the effects of these policies on the conditions of access to everyday resources. Are the facilities for sustainable mobility configured in such a way as to enable the population’s needs to be met? Globally or selectively? Do active modes (walking and cycling) offer a credible alternative to the car in order to effectively provide the resources necessary for daily life throughout the urban agglomeration?To answer these questions, this chapter presents a geographical analysis approach based on the concept of spatial ergonomics. The application to 12 test areas, using a geographic information system, has revealed cleavage situations within the Eurométropole de Strasbourg, to study finely differentiated situations and to put them in perspective with socio-demographic profiles to analyze socio-spatial disparities.The various levels of information shed light on leeway available to inhabitants, wherever they are located, to change their mode of travel. The method makes it possible to produce territorial diagnoses and to help local authorities to promote effective sustainable development policies.
4 IR Technologies to Facilitate Planning in Smart Cities of the Future
Authors: Williams Densil A. , Charles Curtis B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUrbanization is becoming a grave concern for city planners. Globally, as the urban population continues to grow and places greater demands on resources, citizens require quick, efficient, and cost-effective services, among other things. Critically, city planners must provide relevant infrastructural support to make their city run effectively. These include but are not limited to potable water, electricity, roads and bridges, housing, transportation, and information and communications technologies, among other things.To address this increasing demand in their cities, planners have turned to the use of technology to better assist them in the delivery of services to improve the lives of their citizens and stimulate the growth of their local and national economies. This chapter provides an overview of the types of technological solutions that are available to planners to assist them in facilitating the fast and efficient delivery of services to their citizens. These technological solutions include but are not limited to big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML), as exemplars. City policymakers will be able to use the knowledge generated from this chapter to derive policies around the employment of 4IR technologies to assist their cities in delivering better and more efficient services to citizens.
Smart Energy Cities: The Role of Behavioral Interventions in Reducing Electricity Demand in Buildings in Principality of Monaco
Authors: Belaïd Fateh , Toumi Mira , Lazaric Nathalie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith energy powering the most attractive aspects of urban environments in modern society, from health, transportation, and comfort to information, business, and leisure, energy cities are perfectly positioned to design the smart city of the future by leveraging the energy foundations of the city. This chapter focuses on the emerging concept of energy cities through the lens of sustainable behaviors and their role in alleviating climate change. We use the results of a randomized control trial experiment implemented in Monaco to illustrate our arguments on the role of behavioral intervention in empowering citizens on the importance of saving energy. The results will offer a vision of what steps cities are taking to increase environmental awareness and the role of individual behaviors in tackling climate change.
Navigating the Implementation of the Curriculum Digital Education in Austrian Secondary Schools: Challenges and Teacher Perspectives
Authors: Hörmann Corinna , Schmidthaler Eva , Sabitzer Barbara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor a considerable period, there was only a single year of compulsory Computer Science (CS) education in Austria that was required as part of a student’s academic career. The mandatory curriculum “Digital Education” (Digitale Grundbildung) was launched in September 2018 for all students in lower secondary education, formally integrating 21st-century skills into upper grades. The school’s management could choose to offer “Digital Education” as a stand-alone course or to include it in other classes. The 2022/2023 academic year saw the addition of an altered curriculum, where the subject was added to the normal timetable. Nonetheless, schools continue to deal with the problem of who is teaching what and how due to a staffing shortfall and a lack of instructional materials. This paper reports on experiences with the 2022 curriculum by evaluating a survey that examines the implementation of the mandatory curriculum “Digital Education” in Austrian secondary schools and the challenges that teachers face in navigating this new landscape. Aiming to do so, the qualitative data were interpreted, summarized, and discussed, whereas the quantitative data were analyzed in former papers. Despite the obstacles that emerged, teachers recognized the importance of digital literacy skills for their students and expressed a desire for more support in implementing the curriculum. The findings of this study have implications for policymakers, school administrators, and teacher training programs as they work to ensure the successful integration of “Digital Education” in secondary schools.