bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Analysis of LCORL Genetic Variant (rs657074013) with Wither-Height in Pakistani Goats
Authors: Khalid Areeb , Ashraf Hajra , Asim Hibba , Ayman Maleeka , Saif Rashid 
Published: January 2024

The goat stands as one of the most valued and economically efficient domestic animals, contributing significantly to human welfare through the provision of meat, milk, fiber, skin, and manure. Notably, the initial two production traits are contingent upon the physical attributes of the animals, exemplified by characteristics such as large body size and skeletal frame. Earlier (GWA) studies, employing high-density arrays, have revealed a noteworthy association of various variants located at the boundaries of NACPG and LCORL genes across diverse livestock species. Objective: To investigate the genetic variability/association of rs657074013A>AT variant of LCORL gene within diverse goats from Pakistan. Methods: ARMS-PCR genotyping technique was used where, a total of 51 goats belongs to diverse breeds were screened with allele-specific set of primers. Results: Current study showed that 27% sampled population is homozygous wild-type (A/A), 24% is homozygous-mutant (AT/AT) and 49% is heterozygous (A/AT) with a significant genetic association X2 p- value = 9.60 x 10-5 using PLINK. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium revealed that overall sampled population obeys the principle with X2 (2, N=51) = 0.046, p = 0.9730. Furthermore, alternative allele frequencies (AAF) of 0.68 and 0.28 were also observed within cases and control cohorts respectively along with an odds-ratio of 5.242 which depicts the AAF is ~5 times higher in cases vs controls. Conclusions: In summary, this pilot-scale study has advanced our genomic understanding by examining the variability and association of this LCORL variant (c.828_829insA) within the Pakistani goat population. The insights gained hold promise for enhancing this economically crucial trait through the implementation of marker-assisted breeding strategies in this particular species and warrant further exploration in other livestock species to broaden our understanding and potential applications
Exploring the Confluence of In-Ovo Mineral Supplementation and Hatching Attributes in Broiler Chick Progeny: A Symphony of Nutritional Enrichment and Broiler Chicks Development
Authors: Ahmed Imran , Rajput Nasir , Laghari Imdad Hussain , Kaleri Rameez Raja , Shamas Shazia , Ahmed Zulfiqar , Khushk Farooque Ahmed , Mukhtar Nasir 
Published: January 2024

Embryonic nutrition is a key factor that influences broiler progeny performance with long-lasting nutritional adequacies or insufficiencies in the developmental phase. Objective: To explores the effects of in-ovo mineral supplementation or day in-ovo feeding on the hatching attributes and chick quality in broiler breeders. Methods: About 1400 hatching eggs of broiler breeders were selected, categorized into seven experimental groups: one control group, three macro mineral (P, Mg, and Ca) groups, and three micro-mineral (Zn, Mn, and Cu) groups. During the 12th and 18th day of incubation, eggs received in-ovo injections of their respective mineral (5% of the total mineral content in a 50g egg) solutions, prepared by dissolving the corresponding salts in deionized water. Post-injection, eggs were placed in the setter, and upon completion of incubation, hatching trays were removed to evaluate hatchability performance and chick quality parameters for each group. Results: The results showed that Zn, Ca, and Mg-supplemented eggs demonstrated the highest (P<0.05) hatchability rates for settable and fertile eggs at day 12 of in-ovo feeding. The chick weight, hatch window, and hatchling size were significantly influenced (P<0.05) by in-ovo feeding and the day of in-ovo feeding. However, no effect of in-ovo mineral feeding and day of in ovo feeding was observed on chick quality (chick grades, navel area, retracted yolk, and membrane score) and post-hatch chick activities (activity, down-appearance, vitality, eye score, and gait score). Conclusions: In conclusion, Zn, Ca, and Mg in ovo feeding improve the hatchability traits when administered at day 12 of incubation.
Ion Exchange Resins and their Applications in Water Treatment and Pollutants Removal from Environment: A Review
Authors: Ali Arslan , Sadia Maimona , Azeem Muhammad , Ahmad Muhammad Zeeshan , Umar Muhammad , Ul Abbas Zain 
Published: January 2024

Ion exchange resin is a porous polymer with a high molecular weight. It has a few groups that can be exchanged into ions in the solution it comes into contact with. Ion exchange resins are available in different types and are widely employed in wastewater treatment. It removes unwanted ions from waste water, because it can exchange unwanted ions with its functional group. Until now, ions exchange mainly employed for the removal of different compounds from water, including dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic carbon, nitrate, copper, N-nitrosodimethylamine, fluoride, Nickel, boron, sulfamethazine, trihalomethanes (THMs) etc. In industry, various techniques are available for condensate water treatment, including flotation, membrane, sedimentation, coagulation, precipitation, chemical adsorption, filtration, catalytic oxidation, and electrochemical techniques. But existing techniques or processes are not feasible for water treatment in a confined place due to few advantages, including less efficiency in purification, being expensive, maintenance challenges, and high energy requirements. In contrast, ion exchange resins benefit from high separation selectivity, simple handling, and reusable resin. Few resins are too much costly, but being they are reusable, it makes them sustainable and cost-effective. Significant research is being conducted worldwide to uncover the potential effects of ion exchange resins. This review discussed their use in environmental cleanup, water treatment, and operational feasibility with multiple factors.
New suid remains of genus Propotamochoerus from the Siwaliks of Pakistan
Authors: Nadeem Amir 
Published: January 2024

Siwaliks of Pakistan are highly fossiliferous and are well-known worldwide for vertebrate fossil excavations. Objective: A field survey was conducted to recover some new fossils from different geological formations visible around the village Hasnot of district Jhelum. Methods: The targeted area was surveyed, and the different formations around the village were keenly examined by the naked eye or by using a magnifying glass when and where needed. Results: New dental remains of the genus Propotamochoerus (Mammalia, Suidae) have been found and described from the Middle Miocene Siwalik beds around Hasnot. The material consists of an isolated tooth, the left third mandibular molar. The genus Propotamochoerus was comprised of small to large-sized suids. Its remains were reported from the Lower to the Middle Siwaliks. The presently described material, i.e., a lower third molar of the left side, sheds a great deal of light on the fundamental dental characteristics of this genus. Conclusions: The recovered material is assigned to the species Propotamochoerus salinus (Pilgrim) based on its morphological assessment. This material can potentially enhance the prevalent knowledge of the species reported from the surroundings of the Salt Range of the Siwaliks of Pakistan.
Perceived Effects of Interpersonal Conflicts among Nurses at Tertiary Care Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Naeem Asra , Zafar Misbah , Farooq Qandeel , Philips Sehrish , Ejaz Marriam , Sadiq Parsikla , Arshad Kanza 
Published: January 2024

Interpersonal conflicts at workplace are not uncommon, it affects the nurses physical and mental health. It creates highly-stress environment and affects quality of patient outcomes. It poorly affects job performance and increases turnover. It creates disputes among nurses and leads to work disruptions. Objective: To examine perceived effects of interpersonal conflicts among nurses Methods: The quantitative descriptive study design and simple random sampling technique was used in this study. Demographic data from the study reveals 187 participants from which data were collected that indicates majority of the participants were 136 females. Only 33.7% of nurses reported that they were treated with love and kindness. However, 28.3% showed sometimes nurses had been faced with excessively harsh criticisms about my work. Results: The participants of this study include 83.4% nurses are Muslim and 16.6% are Christian. 70.6% nurses have 1 to 3 years’ experience, 15.5% nurses have 3 to 5 years’ experience and 13.9% have >5 years’ experience. Conclusions: However, the results of this study could help to aware nurses about workplace conflicts and strategies that promote to reduce conflicts at workplace among nurses.
Prevalence of Depression among Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) Enrolled in Occupational Therapy Unit at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Ayub Ayaz , Rahim Tariq , Bahadar Sher , Saleem Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is one of the most prevalent physical disorder in developmental disabilities among children. This condition may prone the parents for development of depression and anxiety especially the mothers. Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression among mothers of children with CP in Peshawar, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted prior to randomize control trials in Occupational Therapy Department of Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. The sample was calculated through Openepi, consisted of 240 participants through consecutive sampling technique. The quantitative data were collected through Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) scale from mothers whose score was greater than 3 on the general health questionnaire (GHQ-12). Results: The mean age of the participants was 31.63± 7.09 years. In a sample of 240 participants, married were 230 participants followed by 6 divorced and 4 widows. Furthermore, 58% participants have male children affected followed by 42% female children. The mean score of the participants’ depression was 12.49 ± 3.18 in a total score of 21, which was moderate to severe in the current study. Conclusions: The study concluded that mothers of CP child have moderate to severe level of depression. Furthermore, the study highlighted that majority of the participants were married and the prevalence rate of CP was higher male children as compared to female.
Knowledge, Practice and Attitude of Mothers for Ophthalmic Problems in Children in Rural Areas- A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khattak Muhammad Iftikhar , Khan Muhammad Nasrullah , Tahir Muhammad Younis , Rashid Faisal , Iqbal Rana Naveed , Sarfraz Mariyam 
Published: January 2024

Early years are crucial for eye development. Parents are responsible for children's eye care decisions. Objective: To assess the level of awareness and understanding of the practices among mothers regarding eye disorders and visual impairments in their children in rural areas. Methods: A cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge, practice, and attitude of rural mothers regarding eye problems in children. Results: 385 mothers participated in study. 47.3% were aged 41-50. 29.9% had completed graduation, while 16.1% were illiterate. Knowledge was scored from 2.00 to 14.00, with >7 being very knowledgeable, > 4 but ≤ 7 being somewhat knowledgeable, and ≤ 4 being not knowledgeable. Practice was scored from 0 to 5, with ≥ 3 indicating good practice, >1 to ≤ 3 indicating somewhat practicing, and ≤ 1 indicating poor practicing. Mothers had good knowledge of ophthalmic problems (99.4%). Attitude was scored from 0 to 10, with scores ≥ 6 indicating good attitude. Lack of time and convenience was the main reason for not seeking eye care (70.1%). Parents' knowledge of ophthalmic problems significantly correlated with their attitude and practice (r = 0.546, p < 0.01 and r = 0.602, p < 0.01, respectively). Additionally, parents' attitude was significantly correlated with their practice (r = 0.390, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Mothers' knowledge, practice, and attitude play a key role in detecting and diagnosing the early signs of ophthalmic problems like refractive errors, strabismus, allergic conjunctivitis, and amblyopia.
Effectiveness of Kinesio-Taping and Conventional Therapy for Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Tanveer Sehar , Riaz Sana , Tanveer Anjum , Zafar Amirah 
Published: January 2024

Chronic non-specific low back pain, which is treated in orthopedic rehabilitation settings, is a frequent musculoskeletal issue. Lumbar spondylosis, Psychogenic Low Back Pain, Spinal Stenosis and poor posture are all causing pain for the patient. Kinesio-Taping helps to reduce or eliminate discomfort. Objective: To see how effective kinesio-tapping and traditional therapy are for non-specific chronic low back pain. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study design in which 30 patients were recruited using a convenient sampling sample, with 15 individuals in each group (Group A, Kinesio-Tapping with Conventional Therapy includes stretching, strengthening and hot pack) Group B which consists solely of standard conventional therapy. An independent T-Test for inter-group comparison and a paired sample T-Test for within-group analysis were used to assess the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability and Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Results: There was a significant change between the baseline and post-treatment NRPS values. Mean difference of 10.42 and 3.14 were reported between the pretreatment and post treatment values of NPRS in KT taping Group which was significant (p-value < 0.05). Mean difference of 14.18 and 3.68 were reported between the pretreatment and post treatment values of NPRS in Conventional PT Program Group which was significant (p-value < 0.05). Conclusions: Kinesio-Taping in conjunction with Conventional Therapy is more effective than Conventional Therapy alone in treating Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain.
Prevalence of Musculo-Skeletal Pain among Badminton Players in Twin Cities of Pakistan
Authors: Ejaz Rabia , Farooq Muhammad Nazim , Amjad Fatima , Batool Rubia , Khalil Humam , Tasnim Areej , Arshad Anees , Zafar Arfa , Khalid Amna 
Published: January 2024

Badminton is a popular sport with a rich tradition in Pakistan twin cities Islamabad and Rawalpindi. In badminton, players are more susceptible to certain musculoskeletal problems due to the sport's dynamic character, abrupt accelerations and decelerations. Badminton has an injury rate of 1 to 7/1000 hours per person of playing time. Objective: To find out prevalence of musculoskeletal problem including pain among the badminton players played in various clubs of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Methods: 255 badminton players participated in a convenience sample-based cross-sectional study after ethical permission. The incidence of musculoskeletal discomfort in novice badminton players' shoulder, elbow, wrist, hands, thigh, hips, knee and ankle was measured using a self-drafted survey and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Data collection was done sports clubs of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Study ran from September 22, 2021, to June 30, 2022. SPSS version-25 software was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed prevalence was 16.5, back 18.4, hip 7.4, knee 28.6, ankle 16.5, elbow 22.4, wrist 21.2, low back 12.9, and shoulder 49.4. Among badminton players, the most common pain regions were the shoulder and knee. Other areas that players are less likely to have discomfort in include the hands, hips and ankles. Conclusions: Conclusions of study showed younger athletes had higher prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort. Most prevalent pain areas among badminton players were the knee and shoulder.
Класифікація принципів реформування місцевого самоврядування
Authors: Кушнєров О. П. 
Published: January 2024

Розкрито класифікацію принципів реформування місцевого самоврядування. Визначено сутність поняття «децентралізація». З’ясовано, що децентралізацією є делегування функцій управління від центральних органів влади місцевим органам, зростання переліку повноважень нижчестоячих органів управління через зменшення кола повноважень вищих. Визначено принципи місцевого самоврядування. Встановлено, що принципи місцевого самоврядування – це ідеї й правила, що вважаються підґрунтям функціонування територіальних громад і вибраних ними органів та посадових осіб для автономного розв’язання місцевих питань. Розкрито значення принципів місцевого самоврядування в контексті процесу об’єднання територіальних громад в Україні, яке зводиться не лише до їхнього нормативно-регулятивного походження, а також до систематичного постійного впливу на формування, роботу й реформування органів місцевого самоврядування, зважаючи на євроінтеграційні й глобалізаційні процеси, які відбуваються у нашій країні.
Factors that Influence Cash Holding on Property and Real Estate Companies
Authors: Khairunnizam Khairunnizam 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of leverage, firm size, net working capital, growth opportunities, dividend payout towards cash holdings. This type of research is quantitative. The population in this study were property and real estate companies that were listed in Indonesia stock exchange 2018-2020 period amounted to 62 companies. While the sample of this research is 12 companies with 36 observation data. The sampling method in this research is purposive sampling. The data used were secondary data. The data collection of this research is documentary. Test data analysis using multiple linear regression method which is processed using SPSS version 23 program. The result of this study is that leverage, firm size, net working capital, dividend payout affect cash holdings, while growth opportunities do not affect cash holdings..
The History of Orientalist Quran Translation
Authors: Burhani Luthfia Shifaul Amanah , Fitri Annisa 
Published: January 2024

The orientalists' belief in the Qur'ān as a product of human intervention is one of the reasons why Western scholars of Islam study the Qur'ān. Then the crusades that took place between 1095 and 1291, also caused political and religious friction between Western Christians in Palestine and Islam, which had an impact on the spirit of Christian apologetics and their interest in translating the Qur'an in order to try to overthrow Islam with refutation and hatred of the Qur'an. The author focuses on analyzing the history of the emergence of orientalism to the process of translating the Qur'an which includes the periodisation of translation to the development of Qur'anic translation methods from time to time. This research is a type of qualitative research with a library research model using data sources in the form of books, encyclopaedias, dictionaries, and the like. The results of this research show that the study of Islam by orientalists in making translations of the Qur'an began with a Christianisation mission with the aim of insulting the Qur'an. But along with the times, the translation of the Qur'an changed its approach to become more scientific, critical and objective. So that some of the results of their research also contribute to Islam.
Determining Nutritive Value of Dry Ash Leaves (Fraxinus Angustifolia) Harvested in Fall via the Regression Method for Growing Rabbits
Authors: Djellal Farid , Mouhous Azeddine , Guermah Hocine , Kadi Si Ammar 
Published: January 2024

Shortage acute and high price of animal proteins can be mitigated by sustainable farming of small, very prolific animal species with a short production cycle and valuing non-competitive foods on the resources and space reserved for human food. The rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) combines all these assets. Ash leaves are little or not known nutritionally, nutritive value information relating them is very fragmentary and relates specifically to small ruminant herbivores.Therefore, the present work aim is to determine the nutritional value of oxyphylle dry ash leaves(Fraxinus angustifolia), distributed with increasing rates incorporation in pelleted food for growing rabbits. The nutritive value of Ash leaves collected in fall, dried under shade conditions and distributed for growing rabbits. We compared diets containing an increasing incorporation of Ash (Fraxinus angustifolia) leaves (0 to 40%) in substitution to a basal mixture. The crude protein (CP) concentration of Ash leaves was 10.9 % dry matter (DM), while neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre were 30.5 and 19.9%, respectively. A basal diet was formulated (32.51% NDF and 18.2% CP, on DM basis) and pelleted. Two others diets were obtained through substitution of 20 and 40% of basal diet by Ash leaves. Faecal digestibility was measured between 45 and 49 d of age on 12 young rabbits per diet, fed ad libitum since weaning (35 d, 802±197 g). The substitution of 40% of basal diet by Ash leaves didn't reduce the digestibility of organic matter, however digestibility of crude proteins, energy and NDF were reduced from 76 to 70%, 71 to 67% and 34 to 32, (P <0.01), respectively. The digestible energy obtained by regression for shade-dried Ash leaves was 8.67±0.47MJ/kg DM, and the digestible protein content of Ash leaves was 71.55±7.3 g/kg DM.
A Comparison of Two Estrus Synchronization Protocols Utilizing Progesterone Supplement 24 Hours before CIDR-G Removal in Sheep
Authors: Husein Mustafa Q. , Ghozlan Hassan A. 
Published: January 2024

Two experiments investigated the effect of progesterone administration 24 h prior to intravaginal CIDR-G withdrawal using two protocols in two geographical locations and different breeds of sheep. Ewes in both experiments were administered with intravaginal CIDR-G either for 8 days (Expt. 1, n=36 thin tail mixed-breed ewes) in early April or for 12 days (Expt. 2, n=28 fat tail Awassi ewes) in late May. Half of the ewes in each experiment were assigned randomly one day before CIDR-G removal and given 25 mg P4 (P4-treated) and the second half were given saline solution and served as controls. Fertile rams were allowed with the ewes of both experiments immediately following CIDR-G removal (day0, 0h) and estrus was monitored at 6-h intervals for 4 days. Blood samples were collected for analysis P4 and LH levels. Estrus responses differed between the two experiments. P4 profiles during the period of CIDR-G insertion behaved the same way among ewes of both experiments, but levels differed (P < 0.05) on day 0 in response to P4 supplement. The preovulatory LH surge was greater among groups treated with P4 supplement than those that did not. In both experiments, the percentage of ewes exhibiting estrus was greater (P < 0.05) and intervals to estrus were longer (P < 0.05) in P4-treated than control ewes. In the 12-day protocol in Expt. 2, ewes treated with P4 supplement produced greater (P < 0.05) incidence of estrus, longer (P < 0.05) intervals to onset of estrus and LH surge and had higher (P < 0.01) magnitude of LH surge and pregnancy rate than controls and those of the 8-day protocol. In conclusion, P4 supplement 24 h prior to CIDR-G removal in a 12-day protocol can be used successfully to improve reproductive performance of ewes.