bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific innervation of aromatase neurons by substance P fibers in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in quail
Authors: Evrard Henry C. , Willems Evelyne , Harada Nobuhiro , Balthazart Jacques 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe enzyme aromatase catalyzes the production of estrogens in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord where most of the nociceptive primary afferent fibers terminate. Numerous estrogen receptors are present in this area and the control of spinal aromatase activity is thought to play an important role in the estrogenic control of nociception. The coexistence of aromatase and nociceptive terminals suggests a role for aromatase cells in pain‐related processes, but whether terminals releasing nociceptive neuropeptides (e.g., substance P) actually contact aromatase neurons is unknown and the factors that control spinal aromatase activity have not yet been identified. In the present study we analyzed by double‐label immunocytochemistry the distribution in the Japanese quail spinal cord, of aromatase and of substance P or its receptor (neurokinin 1 receptor). All antigens were mainly localized in laminae I and II as observed in mammals. Most aromatase neurons were colocalized with neurokinin 1 receptors and were in close apposition with substance P‐immunoreactive fibers. These results suggest that aromatase neurons are responsive to noxious stimulation and may participate in the control of nociception. Furthermore, spinal aromatase activity could be controlled by substance P through a regulation of the aromatase gene transcription as reported for the mouse diencephalon and/or through neurokinin 1 receptor‐dependent phosphorylation of the aromatase protein. J. Comp. Neurol. 465:309–318, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hprt(CAG)146 mice: Age of onset of behavioral abnormalities, time course of neuronal intranuclear inclusion accumulation, neurotransmitter marker alterations, mitochondrial function markers, and susceptibility to 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine
Authors: Tallaksen‐Greene Sara J. , Ordway Jared M. , Crouse Andrew B. , Jackson Walker S. , Detloff Peter J. , Albin Roger L. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractWe reported previously a model of polyglutamine repeat disorders with insertion of 146 CAG repeats into the murine hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase locus (Hprt(CAG)146; Ordway et al. [1997] Cell 91:753–763), which does not normally contain polyglutamine repeats. These mice develop an adult‐onset neurologic phenotype of incoordination, involuntary limb clasping, seizures, and premature death. Histologic analysis demonstrates widespread ubiquinated neuronal intranuclear inclusions (NIIs). We now report characterization of the age of onset of behavioral abnormalities, correlated with the time course of occurrence of NIIs in several brain regions, and the occurrence of NIIs in non‐neuronal tissues. Onset of behavioral abnormalities occurred at approximately 22 weeks of age. There was variable time course of expression of NIIs in several brain regions. Assessment of several non‐neuronal tissues revealed nuclear inclusions in hepatocytes and choroid plexus epithelium. γ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA)/benzodiazepine receptors, dopamine D1‐like and D2‐like receptors, and type 2 vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) binding sites were assayed before and after the onset of behavioral abnormalities. GABA/benzodiazepine receptors were unchanged either before or after the onset of behavioral abnormalities in any region analyzed, whereas striatal D1‐like and D2‐like receptors were diminished after but not before the onset of symptoms. Dorsal striatal VMAT2 binding sites were decreased before the onset of behavioral changes. Mitochondrial electron transport chain components were assayed with histochemical methods before and after the onset of behavioral changes. There was no change in behaviorally presymptomatic or symptomatic animals. Hprt(CAG)146 mice did not exhibit increased susceptibility to the mitochondrial toxin 1‐Methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine. Hprt(CAG)146 mice are a useful model for studying polyglutamine repeat disorders. J. Comp. Neurol. 465:205–219, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Large clusters of α7‐containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on chick spinal cord neurons
Authors: Roth Adelheid L. , Berg Darwin K. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractNicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing the α7 gene product are widely expressed in the nervous system and have high calcium permeabilities that allow them to influence numerous calcium‐dependent processes. Though often found at presynaptic locations, where they enhance transmitter release, the receptors can also occupy postsynaptic sites. Highest levels have been reported for chick ciliary ganglion neurons, where the postsynaptic receptors are concentrated on somatic spines arranged in clumps and appear as large receptor clusters. We show here that subpopulations of chick spinal cord neurons also express high levels of α7‐containing receptors and arrange them in large clusters. The populations include peripheral motoneurons, presumptive preganglionic neurons, neurons adjacent to the lateral motor column, and possible interneurons in the ventral horn. In many cases, the receptor clusters codistribute with filamentous actin, as do clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, where the actin represents a somatic spine constituent. In other respects, the spinal cord clusters differ. Those on motoneurons codistribute with the actin‐associated component drebrin, as do the clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, but the clusters on preganglionic neurons do not. Preganglionic neurons do, however, stain for lipid raft components as found for ciliary ganglion neurons, where the rafts embed the receptor‐enriched spines. The results demonstrate that CNS neurons can configure α7‐containing nicotinic receptors into large clusters but also suggest that the clusters are not likely to reflect a common molecular substructure on all neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 465:195–204, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Zonal organization of the vestibulocerebellum in pigeons (Columba livia): III. Projections of the translation zones of the ventral uvula and nodulus
Authors: Wylie Douglas R.W. , Brown Matthew R. , Winship Ian R. , Crowder Nathan A. , Todd Katherine G. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractPrevious electrophysiological studies in pigeons have shown that the complex spike activity of Purkinje cells in the medial vestibulocerebellum (nodulus and ventral uvula) is modulated by patterns of optic flow that result from self‐translation along a particular axis in three‐dimensional space. There are four response types based on the axis of preferred translational optic flow. By using a three axis system, where +X, +Y, and +Z represent rightward, upward, and forward self‐motion, respectively, the four cell types are t(+Y), t(–Y), t(–X–Z), and t(–X+Z), with the assumption of recording from the left side of the head. These response types are organized into parasagittal zones. In this study, we injected the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine into physiologically identified zones. The t(–X–Z) zone projected dorsally within the vestibulocerebellar process (pcv) on the border with the medial cerebellar nucleus (CbM), and labeling was found in the CbM itself. The t(–X+Z) zone also projected to the pcv and CbM, but to areas ventral to the projection sites of the t(–X–Z) zone. The t(–Y) zone also projected to the pcv, but more ventrally on the border with the superior vestibular nucleus (VeS). Some labeling was also found in the dorsal VeS and the dorsolateral margin of the caudal descending vestibular nucleus, and a small amount of labeling was found laterally in the caudal margin of the medial vestibular nucleus. The data set was insufficient to draw conclusions about the projection of the t(+Y) zone. These results are contrasted with the projections of the flocculus, compared with the primary vestibular projection, and implications for collimotor function are discussed. J. Comp. Neurol. 465:179–194, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On a finite element formulation for incompressible Newtonian fluid flows on moving domains in the presence of surface tension
Authors: Dettmer W. , Saksono P. H. , Perić D. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis work is concerned with the numerical modelling of incompressible Newtonian fluid flows on moving domains in the presence of surface tension. The solution procedure presented is based on the stabilized equal order mixed velocity‐pressure finite element formulation of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, which is adapted to a moving domain by means of an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) technique. The accurate and very robust integration in time is achieved by employing the generalized‐αmethod. The surface tension boundary condition is rephrased appropriately within the framework of linear finite elements. The solution procedure is verified by comparing numerical solutions with the corresponding analytical solutions and experimental data. The overall solution procedure proves to be accurate, robust and efficient. It allows the simulation of extensive deformation of the fluid domain without remeshing. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pain perception in recovered bulimia nervosa patients
Authors: Stein Daniel , Kaye Walter H. , Matsunaga Hisato , Myers Daniel , Orbach Israel , Har‐Even Dov , Frank Guido , Rao Rhadika 
Published: August 2003

AbstractObjectiveDecreased pain sensitivity is found in individuals who are ill with bulimia nervosa (BN). The purpose of this study is to determine whether altered pain perception persists after recovery from bulimia nervosa (RBN).MethodsEleven women who were recovered from BN for more than 1 year were compared with 15 healthy volunteer women. The participants received two pain evaluations—thermal pain stimulation (TPS), which evaluates threshold and tolerance to heat, and the submaximal effort tourniquet test (SETT), which assesses threshold and tolerance to ischemic pain induced by inflation of a blood pressure cuff.ResultsCompared with the controls, the RBN women showed elevated pain threshold as measured with the SETT and a tendency to elevated pain threshold on the TPS.DiscussionDecreased pain sensitivity persists after recovery from BN and may reflect altered modulatory function in this illness. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 34: 331–336, 2003.
Predicting the outcome of eating disorders using structural equation modeling
Authors: Fichter Manfred M. , Quadflieg Norbert , Rehm Jürgen 
Published: August 2003

AbstractObjectiveThere is a need for models that predict accurately the course of mental disorders.MethodEating‐disordered female inpatients were assessed longitudinally at the beginning of treatment (t1), at the end of treatment (t2), at 2 or 3‐year follow‐up (t3), and at 6‐year follow‐up (t4). The sample consisted of 196 women with bulimia nervosa (BN) purging type, 103 women with anorexia nervosa (AN), and 68 women with binge eating disorder (BED; N = 367). Confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were used to predict the women's status at 6‐year follow‐up.ResultsThe results for BN and BED show that the specific eating disorder pathology was influenced mainly by specific eating disorder pathology at earlier time points and not by non–eating‐specific (general) psychopathology. Similarly, general psychopathology was influenced mainly by general psychopathology at earlier time points. For AN patients, both categories of psychopathology (eating specific and general) were relevant for the 6‐year outcome. The potential impact of 14 factors on the level of pathology was estimated (a) at baseline (at the beginning of treatment), (b) during the course of illness (baseline controlled), and (c) on the 6‐year outcome of eating disorders (baseline and course controlled). Although there were many correlations between potential factors and baseline pathology, there was only a limited number of significant correlations with the 6‐year outcome. This effect was mediated largely by the level of general psychopathology.DiscussionThe models for outcome prediction based on structural equation modeling techniques were very similar for BN and BED. For both BN and BED, there were almost entirely separate predictions for the specific eating disorder on the one hand and non–eating‐related (general) psychopathology on the other hand. This was true to a lesser degree for AN.ConclusionsThe use of refined path analytic methods in follow‐up studies on larger general populations will be helpful to increase our understanding of the course of illness of psychiatric disorders. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 34: 292–313, 2003.
Season of birth and disordered eating in female college students
Authors: Munn Melissa A. , Klump Kelly L. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractObjectiveEarlier studies have suggested relationships between season of birth and eating disorders. These studies have found that women with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are more likely to be born in the first 6 months rather than in the last 6 months of the year. The current study examines relationships between season of birth and general disordered eating in female college students.MethodSubjects included 155 female twin and triplet participants from the Michigan Twin Study. Disordered eating was assessed with subscales from the Minnesota Eating Disorders Inventory (M‐EDI) and the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ). Both a two‐group comparison and a three‐group comparison of M‐EDI and EDEQ scores were conducted. The two‐group comparison comprised subjects born between January and June and subjects born between July and December. The three‐group comparison comprised subjects born between January and April, between May and August, and between September and December.ResultsNo significant differences in M‐EDI or EDEQ scores were observed in any of the group comparisons.DiscussionThe lack of significant differences across birth periods suggests that season of birth effects may not generalize to general disordered eating characteristics in nonclinical samples. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 34: 343–348, 2003.
The natural course of bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified is not influenced by personality disorders
Authors: Grilo Carlos M. , Sanislow Charles A. , Shea M. Tracie , Skodol Andrew E. , Stout Robert L. , Pagano Maria E. , Yen Shirley , McGlashan Thomas H. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo examine prospectively the natural course of bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) and to test the effects of personality disorder (PD) comorbidity on the outcomes.MethodNinety‐two female patients with current BN (N= 23) or EDNOS (N= 69) were evaluated at baseline enrollment in the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study (CLPS). Eating disorders (EDs) were assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis I Disorders. Personality disorders (PDs) were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview for DSM‐IV PD (DIPD‐IV). The course of BN and EDNOS was assessed with the Longitudinal Interval Follow‐up Evaluation and the course of PDs was evaluated with the Follow‐Along version of the DIPD‐IV at 6, 12, and 24 months.ResultsProbability of remission at 24 months was 40% for BN and 59% for EDNOS. To test the effects of PD comorbidity on course, ED patients were divided into groups with no, one, and two or more PDs. Cox proportional regression analyses revealed that BN had a longer time to remission than EDNOS (p< .05). The number of PDs was not a significant predictor of time to remission, nor was the presence of Axis I psychiatric comorbidity or Global Assessment of Functioning scores. Analyses using proportional hazards regression with time‐varying covariates revealed that PD instability was unrelated to changes in ED.ConclusionsBN has a worse 24‐month course (longer time to remission) than EDNOS. The natural course of BN and EDNOS is not influenced significantly by the presence, severity, or time‐varying changes of co‐occurring PDs, co‐occurring Axis I disorders, or by global functioning. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 34: 319–330, 2003.
Self‐competence and self‐liking in the prediction of change in bulimic symptoms
Authors: Bardone Anna M. , Perez Marisol , Abramson Lyn Y. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship of self‐competence and self‐liking (two distinct dimensions of self‐esteem) to bulimic symptoms.MethodTwo separate longitudinal studies were conducted on undergraduate women from two universities (Study 1, N = 129; Study 2, N = 406). Measures of self‐competence, self‐liking, and bulimic symptoms were administered on two occasions, separated by several weeks.ResultsSelf‐competence demonstrated a stronger relationship than self‐liking to change in bulimic symptoms over time.DiscussionThese findings have significant theoretic implications for the construct of self‐esteem and implications for risk for and treatment of bulimia. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 34: 361–369, 2003.
Occupational exposure to methyl tertiary butyl ether in relation to key health symptom prevalence: the effect of measurement error correction
Authors: Keshaviah Aparna P. , Weller Edie , Spiegelman Donna 
Published: August 2003

AbstractIn 1995, White et al. reported that methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), an oxygenate added to gasoline, was significantly associated with key health symptoms, including headaches, eye irritation, and burning of the nose and throat, among 44 people occupationally exposed to the compound and for whom serum MTBE measurements were available (odds ratio (OR) = 8.9, 95% CI = [1.2, 75.6]). However, these serum MTBE measurements were available for only 29 per cent of the 150 subjects enrolled. Around the same time, Mannino et al. conducted a similar study among individuals occupationally exposed to low levels of MTBE and did not find a significant association between exposure to MTBE and the presence of one or more key health symptoms among the 264 study participants (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = [0.3, 1.21]). In this article, we evaluate the effect of MTBE on the prevalence of key health symptoms by applying a regression calibration method to White et al.'s and Mannino et al.'s data. Unlike White et al., who classified exposure using actual MTBE levels among a subset of the participants, and Mannino et al., who classified exposure based on job category among all participants, we use all of the available data to obtain an estimate of the effect of MTBE in units of serum concentration, adjusted for measurement error due to using job category instead of measured exposure. After adjusting for age, gender and smoking status, MTBE exposure was found to be significantly associated with a 50 per cent increase in the prevalence of one or more key health symptoms per order of magnitude increase in blood concentration on the log10 scale, using data from the 409 study participants with complete information on the covariates (95% CI = [1.00, 2.25]). Simulation results indicated that under conditions similar to those observed in these data, the estimator is unbiased and has a coverage probability close to the nominal value. The methodology illustrated in this article is advantageous because all of the available data were used in the analysis, obtaining a more precise estimate of exposure effect on health outcome, and the estimate is adjusted for measurement error due to using job category instead of measured exposure. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of external heat flux and coating thickness on the thermal insulation properties of two different intumescent coatings using cone calorimeter and numerical analysis
Authors: Bartholmai M. , Schriever R. , Schartel B. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractPolymeric intumescent coatings are fire protective materials that increase their thermal resistance when exposed to high temperatures to prevent building structures from damage. The idea of the investigation was to develop a simple test method to determine the time dependent thermal conductivity of intumescent coatings. Therefore steel plates were coated with two different intumescent systems. During cone calorimeter tests the temperature at the back side of the coated plates was measured. These results were used to calculate the time dependent thermal resistance of the protective layer with the simulation program IOPT2D for different external heat fluxes and different layer thickness. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dietary supplement use in old age: associations with childhood IQ, current cognition and health
Authors: Whalley L. J. , Fox H. C. , Lemmon H. A. , Duthie S. J. , Collins A. R. , Peace H. , Starr J. M. , Deary I. J. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractAimsDietary supplement (DS) use is actively promoted among old people but there is little evidence in favour of DS use or information about the demographic, health and cognitive characteristics of DS users.MethodWe examined 176 healthy, old people without dementia all born in 1921 and living independently in the community. IQ scores aged about 11 years were available for all subjects. DS users were more often female, had a lower BMI and were taking fewer prescribed medications than non‐users.ResultsUsual dietary intake, as measured by food frequency questionnaire, did not differ between DS users and DS non‐users. DS users were seen to have higher Vitamin C (p<0.05), α‐carotene (p<0.05) and lower γ‐tocopherol (p<0.001) and homocysteine (p<0.01). DS users did not differ from DS non‐users in years of education, indices of occupational code, current socio‐economic category or parameters of cardiovascular or respiratory functions. DS users had higher (p<0.05) childhood IQ scores but did not differ in current Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score or performance on Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) either before or after adjustment for childhood IQ.ConclusionsDS users may enjoy somewhat better general health than non‐users but the source of this difference is unknown. Possible health benefits of DS use merit further study. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acceptance of dementia screening in continuous care retirement communities: a mailed survey
Authors: Boustani Malaz , Watson Lea , Fultz Bridget , Perkins Anthony J. , Druckenbrod Richard 
Published: August 2003

AbstractBackgroundIn a recent systematic review of the evidence for dementia screening to support recommendations from the US Preventive Services Task Force, we found no evidence regarding the interest or willingness of older adults to be screened, and insufficient evidence to provide an estimate of the potential harms of dementia screening.ObjectiveIn an attempt to address the acceptability of dementia screening, we asked older adults living in two Continuous Care Retirement Communities (CCRC) if they would agree to routine screening for memory problems.DesignCross‐sectional study using self‐administered mailed survey questionnaires.SettingTwo CCRCs in Orange County, North Carolina.Participants500 residents of the independent living section of CCRCs.ResultsThere was a 64% survey response rate. Of these, 49% of participants stated they would agree to routine screening for memory problems. In comparison to people who would not agree to routine memory screening, those who accepted memory screening were more likely to accept depression screening, be male, use drug‐administration assisted devices, and take more medications.ConclusionApproximately half of the residents in this affluent residential community setting were not willing to be screened routinely for memory problems. This high refusal rate indicates that dementia screening may be associated with perceived harms. We must improve our understanding of the decision‐making process driving individual's beliefs and behaviors about dementia screening before implementing any broad‐based screening initiatives for dementia or cognitive impairment. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.