bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitual and supplemented prebiotic diets and their links to inflammatory serum markers and hypothalamic microstructure in young, overweight adults: a pre-registered study
Authors: Töws Emmy , Medawar Evelyn , Thieleking Ronja , Beyer Frauke , Stumvoll Michael , Villringer Arno , Witte A. Veronica 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrebiotic dietary fiber and related metabolites have been suggested to attenuate low-grade systemic and central inflammation through improving gut-brain axis signaling. We here aimed to test whether habitual or short-term high-dose fiber intake is linked to inflammatory markers in blood and to indicators of central hypothalamic inflammation.MethodsIn total, 59 adults (19 women, aged 28.3 years ± 6.6 SD, mean body mass index, BMI, 27.3 ± 1.5 SD) were included into analyses. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire, underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 Tesla for provision of mean diffusivity (MD) as a marker of brain tissue inflammation and donated fasting blood. Measurements took place at up to 4 timepoints, i.e. before and after 14 days of supplementary fiber and placebo intake, respectively. High-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL6) were assessed in serum. The study was preregistered athttps://osf.io/uzbav.ResultsHabitual and interventional high-fiber diet was not significantly associated with neither inflammatory markers (|ßintervention|> 0.1, p > 0.32) nor with hypothalamic MD (|ßintervention| = 1.8, p = 0.07) according to linear mixed effects modeling. Male sex and higher body fat mass related to higher CRP. Further, higher BMI was borderline related to lower hypothalamic MD.ConclusionsIn this sample of overweight adults, dietary fiber intake was not related to inflammatory blood markers or hypothalamic microstructure. Instead, sex and body composition were of higher importance for prediction of interindividual differences in markers of (neuro)inflammation.Significance StatementPrebiotic dietary fiber has been discussed to lower systemic and central inflammation. While previous studies investigated the effects of fiber on inflammatory blood markers, the knowledge of the effect of fiber on neuroinflammation is limited. Thus, in this pre-registered randomized controlled trial analysis we examined the relationship between dietary fiber intake and inflammatory markers in blood and hypothalamus. 3T MRI and blood markers were assessed before and after high-fiber intake and placebo in 59 adults. In our overweight study sample of 19-42 years old adults, fiber intake had no significant impact on inflammatory markers. The current null findings can inform future nutrition neuroimaging trials and add to the discussion about how diet may affect brain structure and function.
Alzheimer’s Disease cerebrospinal fluid Biomarkers and kidney function in normal and cognitively impaired older adults
Authors: Hajjar Ihab , Neal Reem , Yang Zhiyi , Lah James J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImportanceRecent Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical trials have used Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker levels for screening and enrollment. Preliminary evidence suggests Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) risk may be related to impaired renal function but the association of variation in levels of commonly used AD biomarkers with kidney function are unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), CSF levels of AD biomarkers: amyloid beta1–42 (Aβ42), Tau or phosphorylated Tau181 (pTau).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsWe conducted an analysis using data from participants enrolled in two research protocols at the Goizueta Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center that had simultaneous measurements of serum creatinine at the time of their Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection (N=973). The participants had a mean age of 66.52 years, 23.33% were African American, and 63% were women, with 42.46% having mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was obtained from chronic kidney disease Epidemiology Collaboration. All participants had similar CSF collection procedures. Aβ42, Tau or pTau were measured on the Luminex ALZBIO platform. General linear models and individual data were used to assess relationships between biomarkers and eGFR.ResultsLower eGFR was associated with lower Aβ42/Tau ratio (slope= 0.033 units, p<0.0001) and Aβ42 (slope=0.75, p=0.002) and higher Tau (slope= -0.39, p<0.0001) and pTau (slope= -0.13, p=0.0002). Although these associations remained significant after adjusting for cognitive status, we observed interactions between MCI and eGFR. This interaction revealed that the impact of eGFR on AD biomarker levels was more robust in individuals with cognitive impairment (interaction MCI*GFR p-values were 0.005 for Ab42, 0.04 for tau and pTau, and 0.05 for the ratio).ConclusionWe found a significant association between eGFR with CSF AD-biomarkers that may differ by cognitive status. This suggests that kidney function should be considered both in the context of interpreting AD biomarkers as well as exploring potential systemic factors that may increase risk of AD. Future longitudinal studies need to further explore the impact of kidney function on the pathogenesis of AD and related Biomarkers.KEY POINTSQuestionAre Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)AD-biomarker measurements impacted by kidney function?FindingsIn this analysis of data from 973 individuals who had both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD-biomarkers (Aβ42, Tau, and pTau181) and kidney function measurements, there were significant associations between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and measures of CSF AD-biomarkers. These associations were more pronounced in those with cognitive impairment.MeaningKidney function may have a significant impact on AD-biomarker measurements in the CSF, especially in those in the early symptomatic stages of AD.
Prognostic implications of intraventricular conduction disorders for sudden cardiac death in coronary artery disease
Authors: Lahti Roope , Rankinen Jani , Järvensivu-Koivunen Minna , Tynkkynen Juho , Eskola Markku , Nikus Kjell , Hernesniemi Jussi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackround and aimsProlonged QRS duration (≥ 110 ms) and coronary artery disease are risk factors for sudden cardiac death (SCD). We explored the SCD risk associated with intraventricular conduction disorders – a prolonged QRS duration of 110–119 ms, right bundle branch block (RBBB), left bundle branch block (LBBB), and a nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay (NIVCD) – in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsThis is a retrospective study of 9,700 consecutive, invasively treated ACS patients with ECGs available for analysis (2007–2018). SCD definition was based on an in-depth review of written medical records and death certificates describing the circumstances leading to the events. Endpoint data were available until December 31, 2021 (no losses to follow-up). The risk associated with conduction disorders was analyzed by calculating subdistribution hazard estimates (deaths due to other causes being considered competing events).ResultsThe median follow-up time was 6.8 years (IQR 4.0–10.2), during which 3,420 (35.3%) patients died. SCDs were overrepresented as a cause of death among patients with NIVCD (16.4%) or with a prolonged QRS duration (15.3%) when compared to patients with LBBB (5.3%), RBBB (7.1%), or with a normal QRS duration (10.5%). In an analysis adjusted for age, sex, and cardiac comorbities, NIVCD and a prolonged QRS were significant predictors of SCD (HR 3.00, 2.06– 4.35, P < 0.001; and HR 1.80, 1.37–2.35, P < 0.001, respectively). After adjusting the analysis with left ventricular ejection fraction, NIVCD and a prolonged QRS duration remained as significant risk factors for SCD. LBBB and RBBB did not predict SCD.ConclusionThe incidence of SCD is significantly higher in patients with NIVCD and a prolonged QRS duration. Approximately 23% of all SCDs occur among these patients.
FASlprgene dosage tunes the extent of lymphoproliferation and T cell differentiation in lupus
Authors: Bohat Ritu , Liang Xiaofang , Chen Yanping , Xu Chunyu , Zheng Ningbo , Guerrero Ashley , Jaffery Roshni , Egan Nicholas A. , Robles Adolfo , Hicks M. John , Du Yong , Chen Xiqun , Mohan Chandra , Peng Weiyi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSle1andFaslprare two lupus susceptibility loci that lead to manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. To evaluate dosage effects ofFASlprin determining cellular and serological phenotypes associated with lupus, we developed a new C57BL/6 (B6) congenic lupus strain, B6.Sle1/Sle1.Faslpr/+(sle1homo.lprhet) and compared it with B6.Faslpr/lpr(lprhomo), B6.Sle1/Sle1(sle1homo), and B6.Sle1/Sle1.Faslpr/lpr(sle1homo.lprhomo) strains. Whereas Sle1homo.lprhomomice exhibited profound lymphoproliferation and early mortality, sle1homo.lprhetmice had a lifespan comparable to B6 mice, with no evidence of splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Compared to B6 monogenic lupus strains, sle1homo.lprhetmice exhibited significantly elevated serum anti-dsDNA antibodies and increased proteinuria. Additionally, Sle1homo.lprhetT cells had an increased propensity to differentiate into Th1 cells. Gene dose effects ofFaslprwere noted in upregulating serum IL-1α, IL-2, and IL-27. Taken together, sle1homo.lprhetmice emerge as a more faithful model of human SLE, ideal for genetic studies, autoantibody repertoire investigation, and for exploring Th1 effector cell skewing.
BatCRISPRi: Bacillus titratable CRISPRi for dynamic control inBacillus subtilis
Authors: Flórez Andrés F. , Castillo-Hair Sebastian , Gutierrez-Lopez Luis , Eaton Daniel , Paulsson Johan , Garner Ethan C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe discovery of new genes regulating essential biological processes has become increasingly important, and CRISPRi has emerged as a powerful tool for achieving this goal. This method has been used in many model organisms to decrease the expression of specific genes and assess their impact on phenotype. Pooled CRISPRi libraries in bacteria have been particularly useful in discovering new regulators of growth, division, and other biological processes. However, these libraries rely on the induction of dCas9 via an inducible promoter, which can be problematic due to promoter leakiness. This is a widespread phenomenon of any inducible promoter that can result in the unwanted downregulation of genes and the emergence of genetic suppressors when essential genes are knocked down. To overcome this issue, we have developed a novel strategy that eliminates dCas9 leakiness and enables reversible knockdown control using the rapamycin-dependent degron system inBacillus subtilis. This degron system causes rapid degradation of dCas9, resulting in an almost instant reset of the system. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to achieve zero CRISPRi activity in the uninduced state and full activity in the induced state. This improved CRISPRi system will enable researchers to investigate phenotypic changes more effectively while reducing the undesirable effects of leaky expression and noise in their phenotypic data. Moreover, a rapid degradation system could serve as a tool for dynamic perturbation before compensation mechanisms or stress responses kick in. Finally, this approach can be adapted to other organisms and other promoter-inducible systems, potentially opening up strategies for tighter control of gene expression.
Metagenomic Analysis Reveals the Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance from Manure-Fertilized Soil to Carrot Microbiome
Authors: Yang Qing , Yu Kaiqiang , Huang Jianshi , Topp Edward , Xia Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCrops grown in manure-fertilized soil are more likely to be contaminated with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) than when grown in unmanured soil, and therefore more likely to represent a route of ARG exposure to consumers. Existing studies scarcely focused on the residual ARGs on the carrot peel growing in the manured soil after the careful washing. In the present study, residual microbiome and resistome on the carrots surface (Daucus carotasubsp.sativus) at harvest after careful washing was investigated to reveal the impact of manure fertilization. Residual surface bacteria were recovered from the peel, and total bacterial DNA was extracted for the high-throughput sequencing-based metagenomic analysis. Despite the overall unaltered level of alpha diversity in both soil and carrot peel samples, manuring increased the resistome in soil significantly, but not on the carrot peel. The largely overlapped resistome detected on carrots grown with and without manuring, plus the pattern revealed by source tracking analysis indicated a soil-source of ARGs on carrots, whereas the beta-lactamasesCTX-M-84,OXY-4, andCTX-M-122only detected in the manured soil and on the carrot peel harvested from manured soil indicated that beta-lactamases appear to be transferred from manure to the carrot. The evident impact of soil resistome and community on carrot peel microbiome, plus the limited level of plasmid and integron mediated ARGs transfer suggested the main ARGs transfer pathway from manured soil to carrot peel was via the colonization of rhizosphere soil microbes. To further elucidate the ARG propagation within the soil-carrot system, a network was constructed to explore the pattern of nine types of concurrent ARGs genotypes carried by ten different host populations, emphasizing that the residual antibiotic resistance’s transfer via raw carrot represents a risk to human health even after extensive washing.
The genetic basis of dynamic non-photochemical quenching and photosystem II efficiency in fluctuating light reveals novel molecular targets for maize (Zea mays) improvement
Authors: Ferguson John N. , Caproni Leonardo , Walter Julia , Shaw Katie , Thein Min Soe , Mager Svenja , Taylor Georgia , Cackett Lee , Mathan Jyotirmaya , Vath Richard L. , Martin Leo , Genty Bernard , Pe Enrico , Lawson Tracy , Dell’Acqua Matteo , Kromdijk Johannes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMaize (Zea maysL.) is a major global crop species which uses C4 photosynthesis. Although C4 is typically considered to be more efficient than C3 photosynthesis, especially under warmer and drier conditions, there is substantial evidence that its efficiency can still be further improved, which may benefit crop performance. Improving photosynthetic efficiency via targeted manipulation of non-photochemical quenching has focused on a limited set of genes that are known to be important determinants of the NPQ response in C3 plants. The C4 pathway may alter NPQ responses but only relatively few studies have explored genetic variation in NPQ kinetics in species that perform C4 photosynthesis. In addition, studies of NPQ responses in field-grown plants of either C3 or C4 species are especially limited. Here we apply high-definition phenotyping of NPQ responses and photosynthetic efficiency and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using a field-grown maize Multi-parent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) population, which combines the allelic diversity of eight contrasting inbred lines. We find substantial and consistent variation for dynamic NPQ and PSII efficiency for two subsequent field seasons. Further exploration of candidate genes within three major QTL regions identified a strong impact of allelic variation in expression of the minor PSII antenna protein CP24 (LHCB6) on a major QTL for NPQ and efficiency of PSII photochemistry on chromosome 10.
Quality Control for Single Cell Analysis of High-plex Tissue Profiles using CyLinter
Authors: Baker Gregory J. , Novikov Edward , Zhao Ziyuan , Vallius Tuulia , Davis Janae A. , Lin Jia-Ren , Muhlich Jeremy L. , Mittendorf Elizabeth A. , Santagata Sandro , Guerriero Jennifer L. , Sorger Peter K. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTTumors are complex assemblies of cellular and acellular structures patterned on spatial scales from microns to centimeters. Study of these assemblies has advanced dramatically with the introduction of high-plex spatial profiling. Image-based profiling methods reveal the intensities and spatial distributions of 20-100 proteins at subcellular resolution in 103–107cells per specimen. Despite extensive work on methods for extracting single-cell data from these images, all tissue images contain artefacts such as folds, debris, antibody aggregates, optical aberrations and image processing errors that arise from imperfections in specimen preparation, data acquisition, image assembly, and feature extraction. We show that these artefacts dramatically impact single-cell data analysis, obscuring meaningful biological interpretation. We describe an interactive quality control software tool, CyLinter, that identifies and removes data associated with imaging artefacts. CyLinter greatly improves single-cell analysis, especially for archival specimens sectioned many years prior to data collection, such as those from clinical trials.
The small molecule CBR-5884 inhibits theCandida albicansphosphatidylserine synthase
Authors: Zhou Yue , Phelps Gregory A. , Mangrum Mikayla M. , McLeish Jemma , Phillips Elise K. , Lou Jinchao , Ancajas Christelle F. , Rybak Jeffrey M. , Oelkers Peter M. , Lee Richard E. , Best Michael D. , Reynolds Todd B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSystemic infections byCandida spp.are associated with high mortality rates, partly due to limitations in current antifungals, highlighting the need for novel drugs and drug targets. The fungal phosphatidylserine synthase, Cho1, fromCandida albicansis a logical antifungal drug target due to its importance in virulence, absence in the host and conservation among fungal pathogens. Inhibitors of Cho1 could serve as lead compounds for drug development, so we developed a target-based screen for inhibitors of purified Cho1. This enzyme condenses serine and cytidyldiphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) into phosphatidylserine (PS) and releases cytidylmonophosphate (CMP). Accordingly, we developed anin vitronucleotidase-coupled malachite green-based high throughput assay for purifiedC. albicansCho1 that monitors CMP production as a proxy for PS synthesis. Over 7,300 molecules curated from repurposing chemical libraries were interrogated in primary and dose-responsivity assays using this platform. The screen had a promising average Z’ score of ∼0.8, and seven compounds were identified that inhibit Cho1. Three of these, ebselen, LOC14, and CBR-5884, exhibited inhibitory effects againstC. albicanscells, with fungicidal inhibition by ebselen and fungistatic inhibition by LOC14 and CBR-5884. Only CBR-5884 showed evidence of disruptingin vivoCho1 function by inducing phenotypes consistent with thecho1ΔΔ mutant, including a reduction of cellular PS levels. Kinetics curves and computational docking indicate that CBR-5884 competes with serine for binding to Cho1 with aKiof 1,550 ± 245.6 nM. Thus, this compound has the potential for development into an antifungal compound.
Discussion of busy CEO and financial statement footnotes readability: evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Yao Li 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss Harymawan et al. (2023) and suggest a few areas for improvement.Design/methodology/approachThis paper critically assesses Harymawan et al.’s (2023) position in the extant literature and discusses pertinent aspects.FindingsThis paper's primary focus is on Harymawan et al.’s (2023) conceptual development, especially chief executive officers' (CEOs) role in footnote disclosures.Originality/valueThis paper's viewpoints are relevant to readers interested in corporate textual disclosure and governance.
Familiarity and understanding of assistive technology among visually impaired users of libraries of special institutes of Haryana, India
Authors: Singh Dalip , Gupta Dinesh K. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Assistive technology (AT) is like the eyes of visually impaired users (VIUs) and plays a vital role in making them independent in accessing a wide range of library resources and services. It is a revolutionary way to improve the academic performance of VIUs and amalgamate them into mainstream library services. This paper aims to explore the familiarity and understanding of AT among VIUs in accessing library resources and services of three special institutes of Haryana state, India.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used a survey method, and data were collected using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended questions focused on participants’ familiarity, understanding and key barriers VIUs face in accessing existing AT facilities. Scope of the study is to include three special institutions’ libraries serving to VIUs in Haryana (India). Purposive sampling technique was adopted for data collection. The data are tabulated and analyzed with descriptive statistics methods using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0, and the results are presented in tables, diagrams and graphs.

Findings
The study found that most of the VIUs are highly familiar and reported an expert understanding of Daisy player and digital voice recorder, whereas refreshable Braille display, Braille printer/embosser and scanning and reading devices are least familiar with and reported poor understanding. In the software category, it is noted that VIUs are more familiar with screen reading and speech synthesizer software than other software, and participants confirmed a good understanding of the said software.

Practical implications
The literature review revealed that the majority of library staff in the institutions being investigated had limited knowledge about the availability of the most suitable AT tools. So, the study will be beneficial for them to select the most popular AT tools for their libraries to amalgamate VIUs. The study also highlights some barriers VIUs face in using the existing AT facility of their respective libraries that may be helpful for librarians to understand the root cause of low utilization of available AT tools and how to address this problem effectively. The study can also help policymakers in formulating AT policies for academic libraries. Findings will also help to develop a cost-effective AT workstation suiting the needs of VIUs.

Originality/value
This study will provide an idea to library professionals about which AT hardware and software are more popular among VIUs and useful for developing/improving cutting-edge AT facilities in their libraries to amalgamate VIUs in the mainstream of the library.
Hope theory as resistance: narratives of South Asian scholars in Australian academia
Authors: Sum Nicola , Lahiri-Roy Reshmi , Belford Nish 
Published: November 2023

PurposeIdentity, positioning and possibilities intersect differently for South Asian women in white academia. Within a broader migrant community that defines Australian life, these identities and positioning imply great possibility, but pursuing such pathways within academia is a walk on the last strand of resilience. This paper explores this tension of possibilities and constraints, using hope theory to highlight the cognitive resistance evident in the narratives of three South Asian women in Australian academia.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use collaborative autoethnography to share their narratives of working in Australian universities at three different stages of careers, utilising Snyder's model of hope theory to interrogate their own goal-setting behaviours, pathways and agentic thinking.FindingsThe authors propose that hope as a cognitive state informs resistance and enables aspirations to contribute within academia in meaningful ways whilst navigating the terrain of inequitable structures.Originality/valueThe authors' use of hope theory as a lens on the intersectional experiences of career making, building and progression is a new contribution to scholarship on marginalised women in white academe and the ways in which the pathways of resistance are identified.