bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhythmic temporal prediction enhances neural representations of movement intention for brain–computer interface
Authors: Meng Jiayuan , Zhao Yingru , Wang Kun , Sun Jinsong , Yi Weibo , Xu Fangzhou , Xu Minpeng , Ming Dong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Detecting movement intention is a typical use of brain–computer interfaces (BCI). However, as an endogenous electroencephalography (EEG) feature, the neural representation of movement is insufficient for improving motor-based BCI. This study aimed to develop a new movement augmentation BCI encoding paradigm by incorporating the cognitive function of rhythmic temporal prediction, and test the feasibility of this new paradigm in optimizing detections of movement intention. Methods. A visual-motion synchronization task was designed with two movement intentions (left vs. right) and three rhythmic temporal prediction conditions (1000 ms vs. 1500 ms vs. no temporal prediction). Behavioural and EEG data of 24 healthy participants were recorded. Event-related potentials (ERPs), event-related spectral perturbation induced by left- and right-finger movements, the common spatial pattern (CSP) and support vector machine, Riemann tangent space algorithm and logistic regression were used and compared across the three temporal prediction conditions, aiming to test the impact of temporal prediction on movement detection. Results. Behavioural results showed significantly smaller deviation time for 1000 ms and 1500 ms conditions. ERP analyses revealed 1000 ms and 1500 ms conditions led to rhythmic oscillations with a time lag in contralateral and ipsilateral areas of movement. Compared with no temporal prediction, 1000 ms condition exhibited greater beta event-related desynchronization (ERD) lateralization in motor area (P< 0.001) and larger beta ERD in frontal area (P< 0.001). 1000 ms condition achieved an averaged left–right decoding accuracy of 89.71% using CSP and 97.30% using Riemann tangent space, both significantly higher than no temporal prediction. Moreover, movement and temporal information can be decoded simultaneously, achieving 88.51% four-classification accuracy. Significance. The results not only confirm the effectiveness of rhythmic temporal prediction in enhancing detection ability of motor-based BCI, but also highlight the dual encodings of movement and temporal information within a single BCI paradigm, which is promising to expand the range of intentions that can be decoded by the BCI.
A review on flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with prestressed carbon fiber reinforced polymer plates
Authors: Tang Weibai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s economy, reinforced concrete structure as an economical and good mechanical properties material, is widely used in buildings. In bridge engineering, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer materials is mostly used as externally bonded reinforcement for flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams. However, this method makes the strength of CFRP plates cannot be fully utilized, while the prestressed technology can significantly improve the efficiency of CFRP materials and the flexural strength of the RC beams. This paper compares different methods of prestressed CFRP plates strengthening RC beams and discuss the development of the technology. The results shows that RC beams strengthened with prestressed CFRP plates have better flexural performance. The cracking, yield and ultimate loads increase significantly compared with ordinary beams or non-prestressed strengthened beams. The effectiveness of strengthening process are related to many factors ranging from anchorage methods, prestress levels, ratio of corrosion to bond length. Future research suggestions are also given. At present, most of the experiments are operated in ordinary environment, which is different from the project in real life. More testing environment like chlorine corrosion must be considered. The trials about prestress loss during strengthening process are not enough. There also need more comparative trials in prestressed CFRP plates strengthening concerning prestress loss and non-prestressed CFRP plates.
Research on the effect of sand content on stress and durability of cement
Authors: Lin Yuquan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With the progress of science and technology and the improvement of people’s quality of life, the demand for materials is getting higher and higher. As one of the most important civil engineering materials, concrete is widely used to repair a large number of broken infrastructures. Its production uses sand and aggregate from quarrying operation. If the use is unreasonable, a large amount of waste will be produced. In addition, there is a significant shortage of natural building raw materials in many regions (especially in developed regions). So improving the sustainability and durability of concrete materials can save transportation costs. This paper mainly discusses the influence of sand content in cement concrete on the performance of the material itself. The maximum pressure resistance of the corresponding specimen is measured by the pressure sensor and other experimental instruments, and compared with the specimen of different shape and volume under the condition of different sand rate. By changing the ambient temperature, the number of times that the specimen does not conform to the specified standard value is measured, and the durability of the specimen with different sand ratio is obtained. In this work, the optimal sand gravel ratio is successfully and relatively accurately measured. And it can be reasonably used in infrastructure construction.
Recent research of materials for emissive layer of OLED
Authors: Huang Yongqi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As time has gone on, a lot of changes in display technology have taken place. Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is the one of the many types of display technology. They have attracted many interests in the academic filed and commercial worlds, and developed rapidly since their earliest introduction. They are now highly regarded and used in the display and lighting industries due to a number of promising characteristics, such as environmentally friendly, high energy efficiency, large area, light weight, and thin shape. Among various light emitting materials, polymers have higher glass transition temperature. Therefore, polymer-based OLEDs exhibit higher stability and have received wide attention. The development of OLED devices can be divided into three main generations of emitter materials based on the technique of the emissive layer of OLEDs. The first generation of OLED is fluorescent OLED (FOLED), the second generation is phosphorescent OLED (POLED), and the third generation is thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TAFD). In this article, device structure, mechanism and development of polymer-based OLEDs are introduced. Specifically, working principles and materials of the three generations are presented with a focus on TADF-based OLEDs. In addition, their device performances including quantum efficiency and lifetime are compared quantitatively.
Application of graphene as sensors: a review
Authors: Wang Yidi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Graphene is a modern material which is currently also a topic in great demand. It has some special characteristics like being super thin, high conductivity, highly flexible, and more. These specialities made graphene a genuine material for developing new sensors. Although graphene is relatively rare in commercial use due to the lack of a wide-range and low-cost production method, many laboratory-based research and studies have already developed excellent sensors using graphene in many fields. After analysing masses of articles, this synthesised review concluded the application of graphene as electrical sensors, indicating the future. This paper finds that based on the physical character of graphene, it is also commonly made to be physical sensors in many perspectives, like measuring pressure, strain, temperature, humidity and even magnetic field strength (using the quantum Hall Effect) and many more. Those sensors are showing extraordinary performance; however, they lack stability under severe environments. Also, more compositive graphene material could be developed to expand the scope of electrochemical sensing. The flexibility of graphene is also under consideration which contains high potential in medical fields by designing wearable sensing systems.
From synthesis to modification - a series of optimization strategies for hydrogels as drug delivery carriers
Authors: He Ziyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent years, hydrogels have been gradually used in the fields of biochemistry and medicine due to their unique structure and properties. Particularly, it plays an important role in the application of tissue stents, coating material and drug delivery systems. However, a major problem with these kinds of application is that they can not satisfy some complex requirements due to their limitations such as poor mechanical properties and lack of specific responsiveness. This study aims to provide a set of feasible modification methods to obtain a hydrogel with better performance in all aspects. The blended hydrogel material and semi-interpenetrating network structure are adopted to enhance the mechanical properties of the product and achieve controllability initially. Moreover, the combination of multi-response hydrogels and 3D printing technology is conducive to manufacturing multilayer smartness hydrogels with high functionality and high controllability in a short period at a low cost. The techniques mentioned in this paper can be used in combination to improve the performance of target products and a set of strategies for realizing smart hydrogel is formed. This paper introduces the current status of advanced hydrogel and the development tendency of this material in the future, which provides a theoretical background for the research direction of hydrogel in drug delivery systems for other scholars.
Recycling of homogenous catalyst using organic solvent filtration and electrochemical separation
Authors: Li Jiawei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Homogenous catalyst has great selectivity and kinetic advantages. However, it is quite difficult to recover because it has same phase as the reaction mixture, so their utilization is being limited. A popular method to recover the catalyst is organic solvent nanofiltration, which use the transmembrane pressure and the different composition of the solvents to achieve the catalyst recovery. In recent research, a new method-separation using electrochemistry had been discovered which seems to increase the recovery percentage. In this paper, both strategies with recent developments are summarized, and focused on how the accompanied components such as solvents, electrolytes and electrode usage will influence the catalyst recovery.
A brief review of nanotechnology
Authors: Zhou Mingyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It has been almost 50 years since the concept of nanotechnology was proposed, and it has had a significant impact on our society over the years. In this article, the development of nanotechnology will be briefly summarized. Besides, two main fabrication methods are going to be introduced, including top-down methods and bottom-up methods. Additionally, three typical nanomaterials, including graphene, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes, are shown, as well as the corresponding preparation methods. What’s more, applications of nanotechnology in environmental protection, food, and agriculture are briefly discussed. It is believed that after decades of effort, nanotechnology will be further developed and have a more profound impact on the development of society. However, there are some problems that need to be fixed, such as the mass production of nanomaterials, the pollution problems and health problems that may occur in the application, etc.
Total synthesis of Oboflavanone B
Authors: Ke Shanwen , Pan Chenghao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Oboflavanone B, a revision of Oboflavanone A, has unique structure. Intrigued by its key 2,8-dioxabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane structure and chromanone structure, this paper discussed and reported a proposal towards the synthesis of this product. This work provides a theoretically feasible retrosynthesis, which utilized coupling reactions to connect the two main parts of the natural product. The key strategy of these syntheses involves Heck reactions, Fries rearrangement and addition reactions. To ensure the chiral of the target product, the chiral of the reactant was restricted in this work. The synthesis went through a total 12 steps process, containing 4 steps on protecting and deprotecting reactions. All the substrates given in each step are available in this strategy.
The conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol simulated by aspen plus
Authors: Wang Litong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The industrial anthropogenic emissions of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2) have surged over the past century. The unconscious emission of carbon dioxide into the environment leads to the greenhouse effect and causes global warming. The cement industry is regarded as one of the major sources of carbon dioxide emissions recently, numerous companies decide to construct relevant installations for mitigating the severe pollution caused by CO2. HeidelbergCement, a multinational building materials company, is also conscious of the issue and concentrates on the capture, usage, and storage of CO2 (CCUS). Apart from the direct use, the captured CO2 has the possibility to become a promising business. In the paper, one of the technologies that convert CO2 into methanol by hydrogenation is presented and simulated with the program named Aspen Plus. The improvements based on the purer output and energy saving on the initial simulation were accomplished. After purifying the solution, there is a rise in the concentration of CH3OH from 96.0%wt to 99.97%wt, which is an exceptionally high level that could be employed for spectroscopic or semiconductor applications. This paper may offer some references for the future studies of CCUS.
Damping Effect on Instability of Pressure Relief Valve Used for Cargo Venting System
Authors: Hu Jie , Zhou Haili , Huang Changan , Wan Ran , Wang Ji 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A mathematical model for predicting an unstable working condition called cycling of a pressure relief valve controlled by weight and spring is proposed. The valve is connected to a reservoir used to store liquid cargo by a long pipe. A transient, compressible and one-dimensional fluid dynamic equation in the pipe is numerically solved, with boundary conditions given by the valve and reservoir dynamics. The effect of valve moving part damping coefficient is analysed, which can be changed by adding dampers. Installing a damper may solve the cycling problem for weight-loaded and spring-loaded pressure relief valves. The damping coefficient of the installed damper should be carefully selected, especially for spring-loaded valves. Too large damping coefficient may cause overpressure in the reservoir when the valve opens and too low pressure when the valve closes. After all, installing damper is a theoretically possible way to prevent cycling occurrence when the pipe length is too long in some practical situations.
Analysis of Cavitation Flow Performance in Centrifugal Pump Using OpenFOAM
Authors: Huang Si , Hu Yuxiong , Wei Yifeng , Mo Yushi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In order to explore the cavitation mechanism and cavitation cloud development process of centrifugal pump, OpenFOAM7.0 open-source software was used to simulate the unsteady cavitation gas-liquid two-phase flow of IS125 centrifugal pump under different flow conditions. Based on the flow field simulation results, the relationship between the flow rate of the centrifugal pump and the NPSHr was predicted and compared with the experimental data. The comparison showed that it is feasible to use OpenFOAM software to simulate the cavitation flow of centrifugal pump under design condition. Under the design condition, when NPSHa was different, the distribution of cavitation clouds in each blade channel was asymmetric. With the decrease of NPSHa, cavitation clouds continue to develop downstream in the impeller channel and appear on the blade pressure surface. Regardless of whether cavitation occurred in the centrifugal pump, the pressure coefficient showed periodic pulsation, and the pulsation number of the impeller in a rotation cycle was equal to the number of blades of the impeller. The research results can provide an effective open-source software calculation method for centrifugal pump performance prediction.
Research on Vibration Test Method of Hydrogen System in Fuel Cell Bus
Authors: Guo Ting , Xu Yue , Wang Guozhuo , Wu Shiyu , Wu Zhen , Wang Zhijun , Liang Rongliang , Zhou Mingyue , Wang Fang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As one of the important structures of fuel cell vehicles, the on-board hydrogen system provides certain fuel for the electrochemical reaction of fuel cell stacks. During the operation of the vehicle, it is necessary to ensure that the on-board hydrogen system does not leak during the vibration process. This paper collects the load spectrum of a commercial vehicle running on the actual social road surface, extrapolates the road load spectrum of the whole life cycle, and establishes a vibration test method for the platform of the on-board hydrogen system based on the principle of user correlation. Taking a bus as an example, this paper introduces the designated route and the result of the method in detail. Through the calculation of equal damage, a more reasonable bench acceleration verification method is established. This method can effectively verify the anti-vibration performance of vehicle hydrogen system and provide certain support for product development.
Numerical Study on the Effect of Partial Delamination of Thermal Barrier Coating on the Cooling Effect of Turbine Blade
Authors: Wang Yuqun , Wang Feilong , Wang Yubin , Zeng Jiawei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A localized delamination modeling method based on a thin-wall thermal resistance model is developed in this study. Numerical investigations are then conducted with this model to analyze the influence of factors such as the position, area, shape, and depth of localized delamination on blade cooling efficiency. Firstly, the simulation results of two coating modeling methods (the thin-wall thermal resistance model and the direct modeling method) are examined. Then, the overall insulation efficiency of the blade surface with a complete thermal barrier coating is analyzed based on the thin-wall thermal resistance model. Subsequently, the impact of different delamination factors on blade cooling effectiveness is explored. The research results indicate that compared to the direct modeling method, the thin-wall thermal resistance model has a simulation deviation of less than 7% and can effectively improve modeling and simulation efficiency while ensuring computational accuracy. The highest insulation efficiency of the thermal barrier coating is observed in the middle section of the blade’s back surface near the cold air inlet, reaching 8.3%. Under a constant delamination area, the shape of the localized delamination has a minor effect on blade cooling effectiveness. When more delamination occurs in areas with higher insulation efficiency, the impact on blade cooling effectiveness becomes more significant.
Numerical Study on Drag Reduction Performance of a New Type of Composite Skin
Authors: Guo Hong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In order to reduce the surface resistance of underwater vehicles, a new type of composite skin is proposed by combining flexible skin with flexible and miniaturized steel wire vibration isolators. Using ANSYS fluent and transient structure to conduct bidirectional Fluid-structure interaction and drag reduction performance of the skin was studied. The effects of flow velocity and material parameters on its drag reduction performance were discussed. Research results indicate that compared with the steel plate without skin, the resistance of the skin is significantly reduced. Analyzing its mechanism, the wall shear stress after laying the skin is reduced. This study provides a new approach for the design of skin for underwater vehicles.
A New Method for Evaluating Fracability Based on Cluster Analysis and Well Logging Petrophysical Facies Division
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Wei Jianguang , Zhou Xiaofeng , Lin Fengpeng , Liu Shiying , Gayubov Abdumalik , Wu Jie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The fracability of rock is a crucial parameter in determining the efficiency of fracturing in tight reservoirs. However, current methods for evaluating fracability have significant limitations. This paper proposes a new method for evaluating reservoir fracability based on cluster analysis of logging petrophysical facies. This method considers rock mechanics characteristics, petrophysical response characteristics, and reservoir physical parameters, among other factors. The Well X of the block was used as the research subject. Using the brittleness index and permeability evaluation index, the reservoir fracability of the target block is classified into five categories: high brittleness and low permeability rock, high brittleness and super low permeability rock, low brittleness and low permeability rock, low brittleness and super low permeability rock, and clay/shale. Geolog software is used to generate fracability prediction profiles for representative wells based on petrophysical facies. To further validate this evaluation method, the fracture construction data and microseismic monitoring interpretation results of Well Y in a tight block of an oil field were synthesized and analyzed to predict its fracability. The overall prediction accuracy reached 81.8%, indicating that the new fracability evaluation method has good application effect.
Study on the Influence of Machining Deviation of Vehicle Automatic Transmission Shifting Control Components on Calibration Parameters
Authors: Yi Chao , Du SongTao , Lei Yan , Qiu Tao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An automatic transmission (AT) shift control model was completed by commercial code Simulation X based on AT shift control system mechanism. The AT shift process under condition of varied machining deviation was analysed by virtual calibration method based on this AT shift model. The results show that the machining deviation of AT shifting control component causes effect on the shift quality, especially affecting the shift impact during the shift process. The machining deviation is larger, accordingly the calibrated parameters such as the hydraulic pressure gradient and the control time increase. It is helpful to improve the shift quality to set the suitable calibration parameters of clutch shift according to different machining deviation.