bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does ramelteon have an ameliorative effect in MTX-induced testicular injury?
Authors: ULUSOY KARATOPUK Dilek , ATASOY Nureddin , KUMBUL DOĞUÇ Duygu 
Published: October 2023

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of Ramelteon (RMT), which exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties, against testicular damage induced by Methotrexate (MTX), which is widely used in the treatment of various diseases, including chemotherapy.
Methods: 32 Wistar albino rats were equally divided into four groups: Control (group I), MTX (group II), MTX+RMT (group III) and RMT (group IV). Histologic evaluation was performed using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical analysis using TNF-alpha and Cas-3, and biochemical evaluation using TAS, TOS and OSI.
Results: Histologic analysis using H&E staining revealed a significant difference between group I and groups II and III (p0.05). While normal histologic structures were observed in groups I and IV, histopathologic findings were noted in groups II and III. Immunohistochemical evaluation of TNF-alpha and Cas-3 showed a significant difference between group I and groups II and III (p0.05). The highest immunostaining intensity was observed in group II. Biochemical evaluation revealed statistically significant differences in TAS, TOS and OSI parameters reflecting oxidative stress differences between the groups (p
Evaluation of the relationship between mitral annular calcification and triglyceride-glucose index
Authors: GÖKALP Gökhan , ÖZBEYAZ Nail Burak , ÖZİLHAN Murat Oguz 
Published: October 2023

Aims: Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is an echocardiographic condition with a multicomponent etiopathogenesis, one of which is insulin resistance. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is an excellent biochemical parameter that has proven itself in determining insulin resistance in recent years. This study aims to reveal the relationship between the TyG index and the presence of MAC.
Methods: The study included 159 patients with MAC and 167 control group. The control group has similar demographic characteristics such as age, gender, presence of hypertension (HT), and diabetes mellitus with the MAC group. TyG index was calculated as a formula: ln[fasting triglyceride (mg/dl) × fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)/2].
Results: The mean age of the patients was 74.2 and 48.2% of the patients were male. Coronary artery disease (CAD) (p: 0.031), glucose (p:0.001), total cholesterol (p:0.009), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p:0.004), triglyceride (TG) (p
Acute heart failure and cardiogenic arterial thromboembolism in cats: clinical and echocardiographic features
Authors: Petrushko A. S. , Grushanska N. H. 
Published: October 2023

Acute heart failure and arterial thromboembolism are common complications of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in cats. These conditions have many common links in pathogenesis, so analyzing the differences between them improves the understanding of the impact of vessel occlusion on the body. In the study, 40 clinical cases were analyzed and two groups were formed: the first – cats with arterial thromboembolism and the second – cats with acute heart failure. The data from anamnesis, clinical examination and echocardiographic examination were collected. Age, sex, breed, weight, temperature, frequency of respiratory movements, signs of dyspnea, presence of pulmonary edema, presence of free fluid in the chest and pericardial cavities were analyzed. The following echocardiographic parameters were analyzed: left ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions, diameters of the aorta and left atrium, heart rate and left ventricular contraction fraction. It was established that the majority of animals from both groups were males. Acute heart failure was registered mainly in young cats (M = 3.7), in contrast to animals with arterial thromboembolism (M = 6.7), (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the values of rectal temperature, weight, heart rate, aortic diameter, and left ventricular contraction fraction. Most animals from both groups had signs of dyspnoea. The difference in the frequency of respiratory movements was significant (P < 0.01). In cats with acute heart failure, pulmonary edema was diagnosed in 85%, free fluid in the thoracic and/or pericardial cavities in 55 %. In animals with thromboembolism, edema was found in 45 %, and effusion in the chest and/or pericardial cavities in 30 % of animals. The established differences indicate that arterial thromboembolism develops in animals that have had heart pathology for a longer period of time, whereas acute heart failure occurs more suddenly in cats.
Estrategias para la prevención de conflictos entre alumnos en el aula
Authors: Velastegui Hernández Rommel Santiago , Arroba López Gissela Alexandra , Melo Fiallos Diego Fernando , Mayorga Ases María José 
Published: October 2023

Introducción. Los conflictos entre alumnos en el aula pueden definirse como desacuerdos, discusiones o disputas entre alumnos que perturban el ambiente de aprendizaje. Mediante la aplicación de estrategias para la prevención de conflictos entre alumnos, los profesores pueden crear un entorno de aprendizaje más positivo y productivo para todos los estudiantes. Existen varias estrategias que los profesores pueden utilizar para prevenir los conflictos entre alumnos en el aula. Implica la creación de una cultura de aula que valore el respeto, la empatía y la comunicación abierta, así como el establecimiento de unas expectativas claras de comportamiento y de las consecuencias de su incumplimiento. Cuando surgen conflictos, es esencial abordarlos con prontitud y eficacia. Los profesores pueden ayudarles a desarrollar las habilidades y actitudes necesarias para resolver conflictos de forma eficaz y respetuosa. Objetivo. Conceptualizar estrategias para la prevención de conflictos entre alumnos en el aula. Metodología. Para la metodología propuesta contiene diez pasos: 1. Diseño de la investigación. 2. Tipo de investigación. 3. Nivel de investigación. 4. Modalidad de investigación. 5. Métodos, procedimientos y técnicas de investigación, contemplando. 6. Población o grupo de estudio. 7. Criterios de inclusión. 8. Criterios de exclusión. 9. Criterios de eliminación. 10. Aspectos. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos se detallan a continuación: Establecer expectativas y normas claras. Fomentar relaciones positivas. Utilizar técnicas eficaces de gestión del aula. Fomentar la comunicación abierta. Enseñar técnicas de resolución de conflictos. Abordar la intimidación y el acoso. Ofrecer oportunidades de colaboración. Tener en cuenta las necesidades individuales de cada alumno. Evaluar y ajustar las estrategias. Conclusión. Los conflictos entre alumnos en el aula pueden prevenirse mediante diversas estrategias. Estas estrategias incluyen el establecimiento de expectativas y normas claras, la promoción de relaciones positivas, y otras considerando la promoción de oportunidades para la colaboración y la consideración de las necesidades individuales de los estudiantes. La mejora continua de las estrategias de prevención de conflictos es la última estrategia clave para prevenir los conflictos de los alumnos en el aula. Esto implica un compromiso con el desarrollo profesional continuo, la búsqueda de nuevos recursos e información, y mantenerse al día con las últimas investigaciones y las mejores prácticas en este campo. Área de estudio general: Educación. Área de estudio específica: Prevención de conflictos en el aula.
Biomechanical evaluation of novel intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation for proximal humerus fractures in the elderly
Authors: Zhu Zhengguo , Chang Zuhao , Zhang Wei , Qi Hongzhe , Guo Hao , Li JiaQi , Qi Lin , Nie Shaobo , Tang Peifu , Liang Yonghui , Wei Xing , Chen Hua 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: A novel intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation method was introduced, which achieved good clinical results in complex proximal humeral fractures; however, evidence of its comparability with traditional fixation is lacking. This biomechanical study aimed to compare it with traditional fixation devices in osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures.Methods: Three-part proximal humeral fractures with osteopenia were created on 12 pairs of fresh frozen humerus specimens and allocated to three groups: 1) lateral locking plate, 2) intramedullary nail, and 3) intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation. The specimens were loaded to simulate the force at 25° abduction. Thereafter, an axial stiffness test and a compound cyclic load to failure test were applied. Structural stiffness, number of cycles loaded to failure, and relative displacement values at predetermined measurement points were recorded using a testing machine and a synchronized 3D video tracking system.Results: In terms of initial stiffness and the number of cycles loaded to failure, the intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation group showed notable improvements compared to the other groups (p &lt;0.017). The mean relative displacement value of measurement points in the intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation group was smaller than that in the other two groups. However, there was no significant difference until 10,000 cycles. The mean relative displacement of the intramedullary nail group (3.136 mm) exceeded 3 mm at 7,500 cycles of loading.Conclusion: In this test model, axial fixation can provide better mechanical stability than non-axial fixation. The intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation is better able to prevent the varus collapse for elderly proximal humeral fractures with posteromedial comminution.
Divergent features of ERβ isoforms in triple negative breast cancer: progress and implications for further research
Authors: Yan Shunchao , Wang Jinpeng , Chen Hong , Zhang Duo , Imam Murshid 
Published: October 2023

Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) was discovered more than 20 years ago. However, the extent and role of ERβ expression in breast cancer remain controversial, especially in the context of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). ERβ exists as multiple isoforms, and a series of studies has revealed an inconsistent role of ERβ isoforms in TNBC. Our recent results demonstrated contrasting functions of ERβ1 and ERβ2/β5 in TNBC. Additional research should be conducted to explore the functions of individual ERβ isoforms and develop targeted drugs according to the relevant mechanisms. Consequently, a systematic review of ERβ isoforms is necessary. In this review, we overview the structure of ERβ isoforms and detail what is known about the function of ERβ isoforms in normal mammary tissue and breast cancer. Moreover, this review highlights the divergent features of ERβ isoforms in TNBC. This review also provides insights into the implications of targeting ERβ isoforms for clinical treatment. In conclusion, this review provides a framework delineating the roles and mechanisms of different ERβ isoforms in TNBC and sheds light on future directions for basic and clinical research.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of nicotine in rat brain: a simultaneous investigation of nicotine metabolites and the release of neurotransmitters in vivo
Authors: Guo Lulu , Mao Jian , Zhang Qidong , Fan Wu , Wang Dingzhong , Li Zhonghao , Huang Jiaqiang , Xie Jianping 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The body’s ability to metabolize nicotine and the disposition of nicotine in the brain are important determinants of its exposure. Limited knowledge about the near real-time changes of neurochemicals during the brain nicotine metabolic process hinders the recognition of its multiple neuropharmacological effects.Methods: An online microdialysis coupled with UHPLC-HRMS/MS method for the in vivo multi-analysis of nicotine metabolites and several neurotransmitters in rat brain was developed. Whether the systemic modulation of metabolic enzyme CYP2B would modulate nicotine pharmacokinetics and local neurochemical effects was further investigated.Results: The dynamic profiles of over 10 nicotine metabolites and neurotransmitters were simultaneously obtained after a single injection of nicotine (2 mg·kg−1, i.p.) using the new method. Proadifen pretreatment (50 mg·kg−1·d−1, i.p., 4 days) caused significant inhibition of brain CYP2B1 activity. When exposed to nicotine, the brain Cmax of nicotine was 1.26 times higher and the levels of nicotine metabolites, nornicotine, and nicotine-N-oxide, were decreased by 85.3% and 34.4% in proadifen-pretreated rats. The higher level of brain nicotine induced a greater release of dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and γ-amino-butyric acid in the nucleus accumbens. The concentrations of nicotine and dopamine were positively correlated, and the average levels of γ-amino-butyric acid and serotonin were 2.7 and 1.2 times higher, respectively, under the inhibition of nicotine metabolism.Discussion: These results demonstrated that inhibiting nicotine metabolism in rats can enhance the residence of brain nicotine and its local neurotransmitter effects. The metabolic activity of nicotine under different physiological conditions could regulate nicotine’s bioavailability and its resulting pharmacology.
A co-produced national climate change risk and vulnerability assessment framework for South Africa
Authors: Ziervogel Gina , Taylor Anna 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThere are mounting demands to undertake climate risk and vulnerability (CRV) assessments for policy, planning, funding, insurance, and compliance reasons. In Africa, given the adaptation imperative, this is particularly important. Increasingly, it has become clear that sub-national assessments are needed to inform adaptation practice. However, there has been relatively little guidance on how to undertake these more local assessments and aggregate them making it difficult for national governments to know the extent and variability of climate vulnerability and risk across the country.MethodsIn South Africa, the national government, led by the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE), undertook to establish a common framework to guide the development and review of CRV assessments. This paper presents the framework that was co-developed through a series of engagements with stakeholders active in implementing and supporting CRV assessments.ResultsThe framework is intended to provide guidance on what to consider when undertaking CRV assessments within diverse South African contexts in order to enable alignment, comparison, and aggregation between them and work towards an effective climate adaptation response across scales. Rather than standardizing a methodology, the framework promotes the use of a standard set of concepts as the basis for each assessment and profiles a diversity of methods, tools and data sources for applying the concepts in a contextually sensitive way. This provides a flexible yet structured sequence of three interlinked steps in a risk and vulnerability assessment process, namely: (1) Planning, (2) Scoping and (3) Assessing. The framework guides users through the choice and application of three assessment depths, depending on decision-context, resourcing and extent of pre-existing data and information. It encourages the integration of participatory and indicator-based methods through an impact chain approach, profiling more than 30 freely available tools and resources. This process builds a strong evidence base and a deepening set of engagements and shared understanding between relevant stakeholders, upon which to act.DiscussionThis South African process can provide insight and support for actors driving the climate agenda in other countries looking to develop comparable assessments as the basis to drive equitable and transformative climate action and learning.
Direct wire pacing during measurement of fractional flow reserve: A randomized proof-of-concept noninferiority crossover trial
Authors: Faurie Benjamin , Acheampong Angela , Abdellaoui Mohamed , Dessus Ilona , Monsegu Jacques , Wintzer-Wehekind Jérôme 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAdenosine administration for fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement may induce heart pauses.AimsTo assess the accuracy and tolerability of direct wire pacing (DWP) during measurement of FFR.MethodsAdults with at least one intermediate coronary artery stenosis (40%–80%) were consecutively enrolled between June 2021 and February 2022 in this randomized, noninferiority, crossover trial (NCT04970082) carried out in France. DWP was applied (DWP) or not (standard method) through the pressure guidewire used for FFR measurement during adenosine-induced maximal hyperaemia. Subjects were randomly assigned to the allocation sequence (DWP first or standard first). A 2-minute washout period was observed between the two FFR measurements performed for each stenosis. The primary endpoint was the reproducibility of FFR measurements between methods.ResultsA total of 150 focal lesions, presented by 94 subjects, were randomized (ratio: 1:1). The FFR values obtained with each method were nearly identical (R = 0.98, p = 0.005). The mean FFR difference of 0.00054 (95% confidence interval: 0.004 to 0.003) showed the noninferiority of FFR measurement with DWP vs. that with the standard method. Higher levels of chest discomfort were reported with DWP than with the standard method (0.61 ± 0.84 vs. 1.05 ± 0.89, p &lt; 0.001), and a correlation was observed between the electrical sensations reported with DWP and chest discomfort (p &lt; 0.001). Pauses (n = 20/148 lesions) were observed with the standard method, but did not correlate with chest discomfort (p = 0.21). No pauses were observed with DWP.ConclusionsDWP during FFR measurement resulted in accurate and reproducible FFR values, and eliminated the pauses induced by adenosine.
Impact of daily artificial gravity on autonomic cardiovascular control following 60-day head-down tilt bed rest
Authors: Hoenemann J.-N. , Moestl S. , Diedrich A. , Mulder E. , Frett T. , Petrat G. , Pustowalow W. , Arz M. , Schmitz M.-T. , Heusser K. , Lee S. M. C. , Jordan J. , Tank J. , Hoffmann F. 
Published: October 2023

Impaired cardiovascular autonomic control following space flight or immobilization may limit the ability to cope with additional hemodynamic stimuli. Head-down tilt bedrest is an established terrestrial analog for space flight and offers the opportunity to test potential countermeasures for autonomic cardiovascular deconditioning. Previous studies revealed a possible benefit of daily artificial gravity on cardiovascular autonomic control following head-down tilt bedrest, but there is a need for efficiency in a long-term study before an artificial gravity facility would be brought to space. We hypothesized that artificial gravity through short-arm centrifugation attenuates functional adaptions of autonomic function during head-down tilt bed rest. 24 healthy persons (8 women, 33.4 ± 9.3 years, 24.3 ± 2.1 kg/m2) participated in the 60-day head-down tilt bed rest (AGBRESA) study. They were assigned to three groups, 30 min/day continuous, or 6(5 min intermittent short-arm centrifugation, or a control group. We assessed autonomic cardiovascular control in the supine position and in 5 minutes 80° head-up tilt position before and immediately after bed rest. We computed heart rate variability (HRV) in the time (rmssd) and frequency domain, blood pressure variability, and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). RR interval corrected rmssd was reduced supine (p = 0.0358) and during HUT (p = 0.0161). Heart rate variability in the high-frequency band (hf-RRI; p = 0.0004) and BRS (p &lt; 0.0001) decreased, whereas blood pressure variability in the low-frequency band (lf-SBP, p = 0.0008) increased following bedrest in all groups. We did not detect significant interactions between bedrest and interventions. We conclude that up to daily 30 min of artificial gravity on a short-arm centrifuge with 1Gz at the center of mass do not suffice to prevent changes in autonomic cardiovascular control following 60-day of 6° head-down tilt bed rest.Clinical Trial Registration: https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00015677, identifier, DRKS00015677
Case Report: Correlation between pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and left-ventricular diastolic pressure during treatment with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Kalra Rajat , Gaisendrees Christopher , Alexy Tamas , Kosmopoulos Marinos , Jaeger Deborah , Schlachtenberger Georg , Raveendran Ganesh , Bartos Jason A. , Gutierrez Bernal Alejandra , John Ranjit , Wahlers Thorsten , Yannopoulos Demetris 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundPulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) is often used as a surrogate for left-ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients (LVEDP) who are on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) support for cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. However, the correlation between PCWP and LVEDP is not clear in the setting of V-A ECMO usage. We sought to evaluate this correlation in this case series.MethodsPatients were referred to our cardiac catheterization laboratory for invasive hemodynamic studies to assess their readiness for VA-ECMO decannulation. All patients underwent simultaneous left and right heart catheterization. Using standard techniques, we measured PCWP and LVEDP simultaneously. Continuous variables were reported as medians with interquartile ranges. The correlation between PCWP and LVEDP was evaluated using simple linear regression and reported as R2.ResultsFour patients underwent invasive hemodynamic studies 4 (2.5, 7) days after VA-ECMO cannulation. All four patients had suffered in-hospital cardiac arrest and had been put on VA-ECMO. At the baseline level of VA-ECMO flow of 4.1 (3.8, 4.4) L/min, the median LVEDP and PCWP were 6 (4, 7.5) mmHg and 12 (6.5, 16) mmHg, respectively. At the lowest level of VA-ECMO flow of 1.9 (1.6, 2.0) L/min, the median LVEDP and PCWP was 13.5 (8.5, 16) mmHg and 15 (13, 18) mmHg, respectively. There was a poor correlation between the simultaneously measured PCWP and LVEDP (R2 = 0.03, p = 0.66).ConclusionsThe PCWP may not correlate well with LVEDP in patients treated with VA-ECMO, particularly at high levels of VA-ECMO support.