bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of parameters on radiofrequency guidewire ablation: In vitro and in vivo experiments
Authors: Zuo Zhongyin , Li Sainan , Xuan Fengqi , Zhang Jie , Liu Zichen , Zhang Shibei , Liang Ming , Wang Zulu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundA novel ablation technique with guidewire has emerged as a promising approach for mapping and ablation of arrhythmias originating from left ventricular summit. However, its biophysical characteristics have not been fully clarified.Methods and ResultsIn the in vitro experiment, guidewire ablation (GA) was performed in vessel models of 1.17 and 2.24 mm to determine the maximum safety power. Then with the maximum safety power, the predictive value of generator impedance (GI) drop on lesion radius was explored. In the in vivo experiment, the feasibility of the maximum safety power and lesion formation was verified in the living swine. It was found that in both groups, the incidence of steam pops increased along with the raise of ablation power, and the maximum safety power was 10 W for the 1.17‐mm group and 15 W for the 2.24‐mm group. There was a strong linear correlation between GI drop and maximum lesion radius (in 1.17 mm‐10‐W group: r = .961; in 2.24 mm‐15‐W group: r = .918). In the in vivo experiment, besides ventricular fibrillation happened once, no other complications were observed, and lesions were found at both 48‐h and 8‐week groups.ConclusionsThe safety power of GA should be adjusted according to the diameter of the vessel. Besides, the GI drop can predict the lesion radius during GA.
Predictors of pulmonary vein non‐reconnection in the second procedure after ablation index‐guided pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation and its impact on the outcome
Authors: Okamatsu Hideharu , Okumura Ken , Onishi Fumitaka , Yoshimura Akino , Negishi Kodai , Tanaka Yasuaki , Tsurugi Takuo , Nakao Koichi , Sakamoto Tomohiro , Koyama Junjiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlthough first‐pass isolation (FPI) of the pulmonary vein (PV) has been suggested as a marker for PV isolation (PVI) durability, it has not been confirmed. Non‐PV atrial fibrillation (AF) triggers were the main target in patients without PV reconnection in the second ablation procedure, but the outcome was unclear. We aimed to validate FPI as a marker of PVI durability and evaluate the outcome after the second procedure in patients without PV reconnection by comparing it to those with reconnection.MethodsAmong the 2087 patients undergoing the first ablation index‐guided radiofrequency AF ablation, 309 with atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATs) recurrence and undergoing the second procedure were studied. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between the patients without PV reconnection (PV non‐reconnection group, n = 142) and with reconnection (PV reconnection group, n = 167).ResultsFPI in both PV sides in the first ablation procedure was significantly more frequent in the PV non‐reconnection group (77.5%) than in the PV reconnection group (45.5%) (p < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that FPI (odds ratio, 3.71 [95% confidence interval, 2.23–6.19], p < .001) was the only predictor of PV non‐reconnection. Radiofrequency applications for non‐PV AF triggers were more frequently performed in the PV non‐reconnection group (40.8% vs. 24.6%, respectively, p < .001). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that AT recurrence‐free rate was significantly lower in the PV non‐reconnection group (1‐year recurrence‐free rate, 62.7% vs. 75.4%, respectively; p = .01 by log‐rank test).ConclusionFPI was the only independent predictor of PV non‐reconnection. Despite aggressive ablation for non‐PV triggers, AT recurrence was more frequent in patients with PV non‐reconnection.
The market for general counsel
Authors: Aggarwal Dhruv Chand 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the first systematic descriptive study of the market for general counsel (GCs) in publicly traded US companies. Using a hand‐collected dataset, I track the backgrounds and careers of 3409 GCs, and establish basic facts about the hiring, firing, demographics, and politics of inhouse counsel. Most GCs are outsiders to their companies, not having previously worked in subordinate positions within the legal department or served as external counsel. I find that the share of women GCs has risen sharply over time, with GCs now about five times as likely to be female as chief executive officers (CEOs). GCs have also become more Democratic‐leaning over time, in sharp contrast to business‐side employees such as CEOs. GC tenures have decreased significantly over time. Outsider GCs are especially likely to be fired from their positions, controlling for biographical details, firm financials, and alleged misconduct by their employer.
Serotonergic neurons are involved in the counter‐regulatory response to hypoglycemia
Authors: Martin Hugo , Coursan Adeline , Lallement Justine , Di Miceli Mathieu , Kandiah Janany , Raho Ilyès , Buttler Jasmine , Guilloux Jean‐Philippe , De Deurwaerdere Philippe , Layé Sophie , Routh Vanessa H. , Guiard Bruno P. , Magnan Christophe , Cruciani‐Guglielmacci Céline , Fioramonti Xavier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesIntensive insulin therapy provides optimal glycemic control in patients with diabetes. However, intensive insulin therapy causes so‐called iatrogenic hypoglycemia as a major adverse effect. The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) has been described as the primary brain area initiating the counter‐regulatory response (CRR). Nevertheless, the VMH receives projections from other brain areas which could participate in the regulation of the CRR. In particular, studies suggest a potential role of the serotonin (5‐HT) network. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the contribution of 5‐HT neurons in CRR control.MethodsComplementary approaches have been used to test this hypothesis in quantifying the level of 5‐HT in several brain areas by HPLC in response to insulin‐induced hypoglycemia, measuring the electrical activity of dorsal raphe (DR) 5‐HT neurons in response to insulin or decreased glucose level by patch‐clamp electrophysiology; and measuring the CRR hormone glucagon as an index of the CRR to the modulation of the activity of 5‐HT neurons using pharmacological or pharmacogenetic approaches.ResultsHPLC measurements show that the 5HIAA/5HT ratio is increased in several brain regions including the VMH in response to insulin‐induced hypoglycemia. Patch‐clamp electrophysiological recordings show that insulin, but not decreased glucose level, increases the firing frequency of DR 5‐HT neurons in the DR. In vivo, both the pharmacological inhibition of 5‐HT neurons by intraperitoneal injection of the 5‐HT1A receptor agonist 8‐OH‐DPAT or the chemogenetic inhibition of these neurons reduce glucagon secretion, suggesting an impaired CRR.ConclusionTaken together, these data highlight a new neuronal network involved in the regulation of the CRR. In particular, this study shows that DR 5‐HT neurons detect iatrogenic hypoglycemia in response to the increased insulin level and may play an important role in the regulation of CRR.
Using multiple wavelengths in order to improve the facial contouring procedure by the lipolysis and sculpting
Authors: Choi Jun , Yi Kyu‐Ho 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe process of fat redistribution during aging is well‐known to fat accumulation toward inferior and medial areas of the face. Utilizing laser devices with simultaneous multiple wavelengths has been employed for fat lipolysis and body and facial sculpting.Materials and MethodsThe study is case series that had been taken over 10 women (24–45 years old) participated in this study to address fatty tissue redistribution with aging, which was treated using a triple‐wavelength laser (755, 810, and 1064 nanometers) device (Soprano Titanium, Alma, Israel). Each participant underwent up to three treatments at three‐week periods and was followed up for 6 months after the last treatment. Clinical photographs were taken before and after the treatments to evaluate the efficacy.ResultsThe 10 participants scored a satisfaction result with the GAIS and the VAS scores, measuring pain perception during the procedure. Only two patients experienced minor pain during treatment, and no participants reported significant side effects.ConclusionEmploying a laser device with multiple wavelengths would represent an innovative approach, offering the advantage of no downtime and a painless procedure for facial contouring treatments.
The Legal Origins of Financial Development: Evidence from the Shanghai Concessions
Authors: LEVINE ROSS , LIN CHEN , MA CHICHENG , XU YUCHEN 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe primary challenge to assessing the legal origins view of comparative financial development is identifying exogenous changes in legal systems. We assemble new data on Shanghai's British and French concessions between 1845 and 1936. Two regime changes altered British and French legal jurisdiction over their respective concessions. By examining the changing application of different legal traditions to adjacent neighborhoods within the same city and controlling for military, economic, and political characteristics, we offer new evidence consistent with the legal origins view: the financial development advantage in the British concession widened after Western legal jurisdiction intensified and narrowed after it abated.
“Human or machine?” performing androids, “Elektro‐Homos,” and the “Phroso” and “Moto Phoso” manias on the popular stage around 1900
Authors: Jürgens Anna‐Sophie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract“Human or Puppet?” A once popular, now forgotten performance routine explored this question on the popular stage. Concentrating on rare historical materials, this paper uncovers how “Human or Puppet?” performances looked like and how they built on and added to the early twentieth‐century cultural discourse, and trope, of the human machine. Extending the notion of “popular modernity” this paper provides a better sense of the stories, cultural work, and aesthetic achievements emerging from the interplay of popular arts and (imaginaries of) technology, and clarifies how the braiding of (an idea of) machinery and clowning contributed to creating new comic forms.
Mechanisms of temperature acclimatisation in the psychrotolerant green alga Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C‐169 (Trebouxiophyceae)
Authors: Kania Kinga , Drożak Anna , Borkowski Andrzej , Działak Paweł , Majcher Katarzyna , Sawicka Paulina D. , Zienkiewicz Maksymilian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite the interest in different temperature acclimatisations of higher plants, few studies have considered the mechanisms that allow psychrotolerant microalgae to live in a cold environment. Although the analysis of the genomes of some algae revealed the presence of specific genes that encode enzymes that can be involved in the response to stress, this area has not been explored deeply. This work aims to clarify the acclimatisation mechanisms that enable the psychrotolerant green alga Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C‐169 to grow in a broad temperature spectrum. The contents of various biochemical compounds in cells, the lipid composition of the biological membranes of entire cells, and the thylakoid fraction as well as the electron transport rate and PSII efficiency were investigated. The results demonstrate an acclimatisation mechanism that is specific for C. subellipsoidea and that allows the maintenance of appropriate membrane fluidity, for example, in thylakoid membranes. It is achieved almost exclusively by changes within the unsaturated fatty acid pool, like changes from C18:2 into C18:3 and C16:2 into C16:3 or vice versa. This ensures, for example, an effective transport rate through PSII and in consequence a maximum quantum yield of it in cells growing at different temperatures. Furthermore, reactions characteristic for both psychrotolerant and mesophilic microalgae, involving the accumulation of lipids and soluble sugars in cells at temperatures other than optimal, were observed. These findings add substantially to our understanding of the acclimatisation of psychrotolerant organisms to a wide range of temperatures and prove that this process could be accomplished in a species‐specific manner.
Local government cyber insecurity: Causes and recommendations for improvement
Authors: Norris Donald F. , Mateczun Laura , Hatcher William , Meares Wesley L. , Heslen John 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we address several facets of the problem we call local government cyber insecurity—a problem that plagues such governments across the nation, if not the world. We describe this problem and discuss its manifestations in local governments. This is followed by our analysis of why, on average, local government cybersecurity is managed and practiced so poorly. Next, we discuss several constraints on local governments that may help to explain why so many of these governments are not able to provide highly effective cybersecurity. We then discuss steps that local governments can and should take to improve their cybersecurity, including adopting dedicated cybersecurity budgets, adopting several highly recommended cybersecurity policies, and following best cybersecurity practices.
Recent approaches in the use of antioxidants and proteomic modifications in ram semen preservation
Authors: Khalil Wael A. , Sharaf Asmaa E. , Khalifa Ezz I. , El‐Harairy Mostafa A. , Swelum Ayman A. , Abdelnour Sameh A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSperm preservation is a well‐established technique in reproductive biotechnology that is widely used to maintain the genetic quality of male individuals. However, there are several factors during the preservation process that can affect the vitality, functionality, and quality of sperm, thereby reducing their fertility potential after thawing. One of these factors is the synthesis of high levels of oxidative stress (OS) during semen preservation, which can have detrimental effects on sperm health and functionality. To counter the negative impact of OS on sperm, researchers have explored the supplementation of several exogenous antioxidants in the extenders used to preserve ram sperm. This approach has shown promising results in improving sperm health, functionality, and fertility potential in ram. Additionally, the preservation process can induce modifications in the ram sperm proteome. By employing targeted proteomics techniques, researchers have been able to identify and modify specific proteins in cryopreserved ram sperm, potentially offering further improvements in the quality of the cryopreserved ram sperm. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the antioxidants and targeted proteomics modifications that have been investigated for enhancing ram sperm preservation. These advancements aim to mitigate the negative effects of OS and optimize the techniques used in preserving ram sperm.
‘After the fashion of Italy’: Richard Brome and Italian culture
Authors: Paravano Cristina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe article discusses Richard Brome's engagement with Italy and its cultural legacy in his corpus. Apparently, the playwright's interest in Italy does not seem particularly profound since his works offer several examples of well‐known and worn‐out cultural stereotypes. Nevertheless, at a closer look, the dramatist may be indisputably listed among the early modern English playwrights who were drawn to Italian culture, art and language. Brome's use of Italian settings and his references to Italy and its literary, cultural and theatrical tradition work as a vehicle for a form of political and moral ideology which reflects the concerns of his country in the 1620s and 1630s. As happened for many playwrights from the period, Italy became a screen for the projection of moral, political and social anxieties as well as a mirror to look at England from another perspective. The analysis of Brome's oeuvre offers a fresh and unexpected angle on an area dominated by Shakespearean criticism while re‐igniting the interest in a playwright who has been an understudied figure in the critical debate, despite his contribution to the development of the Anglo‐Italian discourse in the Caroline age.
Autogenic and allogenic controls on turbidite lobe stacking pattern and architecture: The case of the Turonian to Coniacian deep‐water turbidite lobe complexes (Dønna Terrace, offshore Mid‐Norway)
Authors: Grime Romain , Sorrel Philippe , Boulesteix Kevin , Landru Sebastien , Bouche Alexandre , Rice Tim , Bowlin Benjamin Kyle , Pittet Bernard 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe mechanisms controlling the stacking patterns of deep‐water turbidite lobes are currently open to a wide range of interpretations. A study of Turonian to Coniacian turbidite lobe complexes in the greater Marulk area (Dønna Terrace, Norwegian Sea) was undertaken to examine the balance and respective influences of various controlling factors using a large sediment core, well‐log and seismic dataset. A four‐tiered lobe hierarchy is described based on a detailed sedimentological study of three Cretaceous turbidite lobe systems, involving a variety of sedimentary processes and flow regimes. The inferred depositional stacking patterns were then used to identify autogenic and allogenic forcings on the large‐scale depositional architecture of turbidite lobes. Autogenic processes (best observed in core data) control the self‐regulation of sediment dispersal and the broad evolution of lobe sub‐environments. Conversely, allogenic forcings (best observed in well‐log data) regulate axial migration within the turbidite lobe succession, and control sediment pulses and ultimately the general evolutionary trend of the turbidite lobe complex. Beyond this, an updated approach is proposed here aiming at deciphering autogenic‐dominant and allogenic‐dominant processes at different hierarchical levels in both confined and unconfined turbidite lobe deposits, which may help with assigning appropriate inputs for geomodels for an improved understanding of the internal and external controls on lobe depositional architecture. It is advocated that this approach may eventually be used in other depositional systems, such as in deltaic complexes from coastal settings, both in actual and ancient sediments.
Do Cooperative credit unions reduce or increase poverty in Cameroon?
Authors: Ngong Chi Aloysius , Abner Ishaku Prince , Ugbam Charles Ogechukwu , Onwumere Josaphat U. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study looks at whether credit unions, a type of microfinance, increase or decrease poverty in Cameroon from 2004 Q1 to 2021 Q4.Method/designThe fully modified ordinary least square, dynamic ordinary least square, and conical co‐integration is applied.FindingsThe findings reveal a long‐term association between credit union measures and poverty levels. The results indicate that the number of credit unions, the number of commercial bank branches, and credit to the private sector negatively relate to poverty levels. This implies that as the number of credit unions increases, the poverty level increases as the credit unions tend to exploit the poor population. Outstanding deposits positively impact poverty levels, which imply that members’ deposits alleviate poverty.Research implicationsThe government should refurbish the existing programs to enhance credit unions' activities to focus more on banking the poor population especially in remote areas. The credit unions should increase deposit mobilization from the public to empower individuals and businesses. The government should regulate the number of credit unions being created to limit exploitation. The government should intervene to ensure that credit unions’ policy regarding lending, interest rates, and loan recovery procedures are mutually agreed upon by the parties.Originality/noveltyLimited studies used secondary data focusing on credit unions. The studies give conflicting results: Some studies reveal that microfinance banks positively affect poverty reduction. Some indicate negative effects of microfinance on poverty reduction. Others show that microfinance institutions do not significantly influence poverty reduction. Different opinions exist among depositors and borrowers of credit unions concerning poverty alleviation. Some credit union members hold that credit unions increase poverty, while others argue that credit unions alleviate poverty.
On the Nonlinear Stochastic Dynamics of an Atomic Force Microscope Cantilever
Authors: Kumar Singh Aman , Ramakrishnan Subramanian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) serves characterization and actuation in nanoscale applications. We study the stochastic dynamics of an AFM cantilever under tip-sample interactions represented by the Lennard–Jones and Morse potential energy functions. In both cases, we also study the contrasting dynamic effects of additive (external) and multiplicative (internal) noise. Moreover, for multiplicative noise, we study the two sub-cases arising from the Itô and Stratonovich interpretations of stochastic integrals. In each case, we also investigate the stochastic stability of the system by tracing the time evolution of the maximal Lyapunov exponent. Additionally, we obtain stationary probability densities for the unforced dynamics using stochastic averaging.
Customizing Textile and Tactile Skins for Interactive Industrial Robots
Authors: Su Bo Ying , Wei Zhongqi , McCann James , Yuan Wenzhen , Liu Changliu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tactile skins made from textiles enhance the robot–human interaction by localizing contact points and measuring contact forces. This paper presents a solution for rapidly fabricating, calibrating, and deploying these skins on industrial robot arms. The novel automated skin calibration procedure maps skin locations to robot geometry and calibrates contact force. Through experiments on a FANUC LR Mate 200id/7L industrial robot, we demonstrate that tactile skins made from textiles can be effectively used for human–robot interaction in industrial environments, and can provide unique opportunities in robot control and learning, making them a promising technology for enhancing robot perception and interaction.
Serviceability Limit State Assessment of Semi-Submersible Floating Wind Turbines
Authors: Wang Shuaishuai , Moan Torgeir 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The design of a floating wind turbine (FWT) should satisfy the serviceability limit state (SLS) requirement for an efficient and safe operation throughout the entire work life. The SLS requirements are introduced by the owner/developer of the wind turbine facility to achieve serviceability (production of power) or an efficient operation of the facility or a “first step” towards ensuring safety. Currently, there is limited information about SLS requirements in design standards. This study deals with an assessment of current methods, criteria, and procedure for the SLS design check with an emphasis on tilt/pitch and nacelle accelerations in view of power production and its fluctuations. Moreover, other criteria, on the borderline between serviceability and safety criteria, e.g., relating to clearance, are briefly discussed. The criteria relating to power production are illustrated in a case study with a 10-MW semi-submersible FWT considered for an offshore site in the Northern North Sea. Simplified static/dynamic analysis methods for use in the global design phase and high fidelity integrated, dynamic analysis methods for detailed design in terms of serviceability are presented, discussed, and applied in the case study. A good understanding of wind turbine dynamic performance associated with serviceability is essential to facilitate design decision-making. The relative contribution of wind and wave loads to the different SLS criteria is investigated. Finally, the main conclusions are summarized. In lieu of the current state of the art regarding SLS requirements for FWTs, we hope that this study provides a basis for improving design standards and guiding research and engineering practice for the semi-submersible floater design of FWTs.