bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A computational framework for pharmaco‐mechanical interactions in arterial walls using parallel monolithic domain decomposition methods
Authors: Balzani Daniel , Heinlein Alexander , Klawonn Axel , Knepper Jascha , Nurani Ramesh Sharan , Rheinbach Oliver , Saßmannshausen Lea , Uhlmann Klemens 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA computational framework is presented to numerically simulate the effects of antihypertensive drugs, in particular calcium channel blockers, on the mechanical response of arterial walls. A stretch‐dependent smooth muscle model by Uhlmann and Balzani is modified to describe the interaction of pharmacological drugs and the inhibition of smooth muscle activation. The coupled deformation‐diffusion problem is then solved using the finite element software FEDDLib and overlapping Schwarz preconditioners from the Trilinos package FROSch. These preconditioners include highly scalable parallel GDSW (generalized Dryja–Smith–Widlund) and RGDSW (reduced GDSW) preconditioners. Simulation results show the expected increase in the lumen diameter of an idealized artery due to the drug‐induced reduction of smooth muscle contraction, as well as a decrease in the rate of arterial contraction in the presence of calcium channel blockers. Strong and weak parallel scalability of the resulting computational implementation are also analyzed.
A randomized study comparing the nutritional effects of radiotherapy with cetuximab versus cisplatin in patients with advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Berg Malin , Hansson Camilla , Silander Ewa , Bove Mogens , Johansson Leif , Haugen Cange Hedda , Bosaeus Ingvar , Nyman Jan , Hammerlid Eva 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck cancer (HNC) patients have a high risk of developing malnutrition. This randomized study aimed to compare the effect of weekly cisplatin or cetuximab combined with radiotherapy on weight loss at 3 months after treatment was started. Secondary outcomes were the prevalence of malnutrition using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, feeding tube dependence and health related quality of life from a nutritional perspective.MethodsPatients from the ARTSCAN III study with advanced HNC were assessed for weight, body composition, enteral tube dependence and selected quality‐of‐life scores (EORTC QLQ‐C30 and QLQ‐H&N35) at diagnosis and 6 weeks 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment initiation.ResultsOf the 80 patients, 38 and 42 were randomized to receive cetuximab and cisplatin treatment, respectively. There was no significant difference in weight loss at 3 months between the two study groups. However, the cetuximab group had significantly less weight loss, fewer enteral feeding tubes and better physical functioning at the end of treatment but more pain‐related problems 3 months after treatment initiation. No differences between the groups were found at 6 and 12 months. The prevalence of malnutrition was not significantly different at any time point.ConclusionThe hypothesized benefit of concomitant treatment with cetuximab over cisplatin regarding the prevalence of malnutrition was not supported by this study.
Is hardware colonization associated with latent hardware complications and removal in maxillomandibular free flap reconstruction?
Authors: Lee Cameron C. , Dyalram Donita , Lubek Joshua E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between hardware colonization, latent hardware complications, and hardware removal remains unclear following osteocutaneous free flap reconstruction of the jaws.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing free flap reconstruction of the maxilla or mandible from 2016 to 2021.ResultsA total of 240 subjects were included. Hardware colonization was associated with latent hardware complication in bivariate (p ≤ 0.001) and multivariate analysis (p ≤ 0.001). Time to latent hardware complication was 6.87 months earlier in colonized subjects (p ≤ 0.001). Of the 35 subjects undergoing hardware removal, 25 initiated but failed conservative therapy, and resolution of symptoms was achieved in 24 subjects after one operative intervention and 33 subjects after repeat intervention if indicated.ConclusionsHardware colonization increases the risk and onset of latent hardware complication. Prompt hardware removal may improve outcomes by leading to faster resolution of symptoms without the burden and cost of conservative therapies.
The paradoxical surplus of health workers in Africa: The need for research and policy engagement
Authors: Hutchinson Eleanor , Kiwanuka Suzanne , Muhindo Richard , Nimwesiga Christine , Balabanova Dina , McKee Martin , Kitutu Freddy Eric 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn many countries in Africa, there is a ‘paradoxical surplus’ of under and unemployed nurses, midwives, doctors and pharmacists which exists amidst a shortage of staff within the formal health system. By 2030, the World Health Organisation Africa Region may find itself with a shortage of 6.1 million health workers alongside 700,000 un‐ or underemployed health staff. The emphasis in policy debates about human resources for health at most national and global levels is on staff shortage and the need to train more health workers. In contrast, these ‘surplus’ health workers are both understudied and underacknowledged. Little time is given over to understand the economic, political and social factors that have driven their emergence; the ways in which they seek to make a living; the governance challenges that they raise; nor potential interventions that could be implemented to improve employment rates and leverage their expertise. This short communication reflects on current research findings and calls for improved quantitative and qualitative research to support policy engagement at national, regional and global levels.
Forced displacement and the health workforce crisis: Venezuelan healthcare workers in Peru
Authors: Rees Gareth H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe migration of health workforces tends to be economically based benefiting high‐income countries, while draining lower‐income countries of workers and skills However, national instability or civil conflict may also have the effect of forcing out health workers. However, few articles focus on the experiences of these types of migrants. Peru has become the second largest Latin American destination for Venezuelan forced displaced migrants, a number of which are health workers. While the exact numbers of these workers is unknown, it is estimated that 4000 and 3000 doctors and about 2500 nurses and health technicians from Venezuela reside in Peru. These workers find entry into the heath system difficult due to bureaucratic and costly registration and qualification validation procedures. However, during Covid‐19 these conditions were relaxed, and a large number of these heath workers entered the heath workforce. These workers were primarily doctors and worked in urban medical facilities, though there was some distribution across the country's departments. This avenue to the health workforce allowed the mobilisation of dormant health skills and lifted workforce density numbers. Nonetheless, it is too early to see if there have been sustainable improvements, and it remains uncertain how these policies have contributed to the country's UHC goals. Peru's experiences raise the issue of how to mobilise dormant displaced health worker migrants.
Eucapnic pH coupled with arterial cord pH improves hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy prediction
Authors: Gauci Pierre‐Alexis , Racinet Claude , Ouellet Paul , Daboval Thierry , Trolli Sergio Eleni dit , Delotte Jérôme 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo consider the classical use of “pH < 7.0 and/or a base deficiency ≥12 mmol/L” as markers of the risk of neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), recalling various criticisms of the use of these markers in favor of that of neonatal eucapnic pH, which appears to be a better marker of this risk.MethodsFifty‐five cases of acidemia with pH < 7.00 were collected from a cohort from the Nice University Hospital with eight cases of HIE. We compared the receiver operating characteristics curves established from the positive likelihood ratio (+LR) for each case of: umbilical cord artery pH (pHa), neonatal eucapnic pH (pH euc‐n) in isolation (not matched to pHa), and matched pHa to its own pH euc‐n.ResultsThe areas under the curve (AUC) are identical for pHa and pH euc‐n, but AUC for the matched pair pHa–pH euc‐n appears superior but non‐significant because of the small number in our cohort. However, using the bootstrap method, the partial AUC for a sensitivity greater than 75% indicates the significant superiority (P < 0.01) of the matched pair pHa–pH euc‐n approach.ConclusionThe originality of this study lies in the use of two methodologic approaches: (1) standardized partial analysis of the AUCs of the pHa curve and that of pHa matched to its own pH euc‐n, and (2) bootstrap statistical technique, that allowed us to conclude (P < 0.01) that the combined use of pH measured at the cord coupled with its eucapnic correction is better for diagnosing metabolic acidosis and best predicting the risk of HIE.
Wavelet scattering‐ and object detection‐based computer vision for identifying dengue from peripheral blood microscopy
Authors: Dsilva Liora Rosvin , Tantri Shivani Harish , Sampathila Niranjana , Mayrose Hilda , Muralidhar Bairy G. , Belurkar Sushma , Saravu Kavitha , Chadaga Krishnaraj , Hafeez‐Baig Abdul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDengue fever infection is a global health concern. Early disease detection is crucial for averting complications and fatality. Characteristic morphological changes in lymphocytes can be observed on a peripheral blood smear (PBS) in cases of dengue infection. In this research, we have developed automated computer vision models for dengue detection on PBS images using two approaches: wavelet scattering transform (WST)‐based feature engineering and classification and You Only Look Once (YOLO)‐based deep transfer learning for object detection. In the former, Morlet wavelet scattering features extracted from lymphocytes were used as input for five shallow classifiers for image classification. Among these, the support vector machine achieved the best results of 98.7% accuracy using 10‐fold cross‐validation. In the latter, computer vision‐enabled object detection was implemented using five YOLOv8 scaled variants. Among these, YOLOv8s and YOLOv8l attained identical best mean accuracy of 99.3% ± 1.4% across five independent experiments. Our results confirmed the feasibility and excellent diagnostic accuracy for both WST‐ and YOLOv8‐enabled computer vision approaches for diagnosing dengue infection in PBS images. This research incorporates deep machine learning along with AI technology to enhance understanding and capabilities in automated Dengue diagnosis. The significance of this research extends to the broader domain of mosquito‐borne illnesses. However, it is important to note that the findings are limited to the dataset used by the researchers.
Programmable droplet microfluidics for complex multistep bioassays
Authors: Huang Enqi , Wang Yu , Cai Dongyang , Liu Dayu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProgrammable droplet microfluidics (PDM) refers to a microfluidic device that integrates the functionality of a series of droplets with distinct spatial locations in a designated temporal order. PDM streamlines the intricate workflow of complex bioassays by enabling programmable and macroscopic droplet displacements, in which the droplets serve as reservoirs for reagents, microvalves for liquid insulation, and in some cases micropumps for mass transportation. As these droplets are intangible structures, the need for expensive microfabrication procedures is eliminated. Furthermore, the parallelization of the droplet series provides flexibility in controlling the throughput of the microfluidic analysis system. This paper provides a comprehensive review of PDMs enabled by various microfluidic mechanisms, including magnetism actuation, relative liquid displacement, capillary suction and sequential microdisplacement. Additionally, important applications of PDM systems for nucleic acid detection, immunoassay, drug testing, and sample recovery are also introduced. In conclusion, PDM demonstrates its potential as a highly advantageous tool for executing intricate multistep bioassays on a microfluidic platform. These technologies have exhibited superiority over their traditional counterparts in terms of size reduction, automation, and low sample/reagent consumption.
Sur la variation de la température azéotropique sous l'influence de la pression
Authors: Prigogine I. 
Published: January 2024

RÉSUMÉAprès avoir rappelé que l'influence de la pression sur la température azéotropique s'exprime par une formule du type de celle de Clapeyron‐Clausius relative à la tension de vapeur, l'auteur suggère de représenter le logarithme de la pression en fonction de l'inverse de la température azéotropique (en degrés absolus). L'auteur applique, à titre d'exemple, cette représentation aux systèmes eau‐éthanol; éthanol‐acétate d'éthyle; éthanol‐tétrachlorure de carbone. Dans tous les trois cas on obtient très exactement une droite ce qui permet de calculer simplement la chaleur latente de vaporisation azéotropique de ces systèmes.
Contribution au dosage iodométrique du cuivre
Authors: Hambersin J. 
Published: January 2024

RÉSUMÉUne méthode sensible de dosage iodométrique du Cuivre a été mise au point. La présente note résume les essais effectués ainsi que le mode opératoire proposé.La sensibilité est six fois plus grande que dans la méthode classique.
Bone marrow macrophages are involved in the ineffective hematopoiesis of myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Xing Tong , Yao Wei‐Li , Zhao Hong‐Yan , Wang Jing , Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Lv Meng , Xu Lan‐Ping , Zhang Xiao‐Hui , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Kong Yuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of heterogeneous myeloid clonal disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis. Accumulating evidence has shown that macrophages (MΦs) are important components in the regulation of tumor progression and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, the roles of bone marrow (BM) MΦs in regulating normal and malignant hematopoiesis in different clinical stages of MDS are largely unknown. Age‐paired patients with lower‐risk MDS (N = 15), higher‐risk MDS (N = 15), de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (N = 15), and healthy donors (HDs) (N = 15) were enrolled. Flow cytometry analysis showed increased pro‐inflammatory monocyte subsets and a decreased classically activated (M1) MΦs/alternatively activated (M2) MΦs ratio in the BM of patients with higher‐risk MDS compared to lower‐risk MDS. BM MФs from patients with higher‐risk MDS and AML showed impaired phagocytosis activity but increased migration compared with lower‐risk MDS group. AML BM MΦs showed markedly higher S100A8/A9 levels than lower‐risk MDS BM MΦs. More importantly, coculture experiments suggested that the HSC supporting abilities of BM MΦs from patients with higher‐risk MDS decreased, whereas the malignant cell supporting abilities increased compared with lower‐risk MDS. Gene Ontology enrichment comparing BM MΦs from lower‐risk MDS and higher‐risk MDS for genes was involved in hematopoiesis‐ and immunity‐related pathways. Our results suggest that BM MΦs are involved in ineffective hematopoiesis in patients with MDS, which indicates that repairing aberrant BM MΦs may represent a promising therapeutic approach for patients with MDS.
Novel method for collecting hippocampal interstitial fluid extracellular vesicles (EVISF) reveals sex‐dependent changes in microglial EV proteome in response to Aβ pathology
Authors: Pait Morgan C. , Kaye Sarah D. , Su Yixin , Kumar Ashish , Singh Sangeeta , Gironda Stephen C. , Vincent Samantha , Anwar Maria , Carroll Caitlin M. , Snipes James Andy , Lee Jingyun , Furdui Cristina M. , Deep Gagan , Macauley Shannon L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBrain‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an active role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), relaying important physiological information about their host tissues. The internal cargo of EVs is protected from degradation, making EVs attractive AD biomarkers. However, it is unclear how circulating EVs relate to EVs isolated from disease‐vulnerable brain regions. We developed a novel method for collecting EVs from the hippocampal interstitial fluid (ISF) of live mice. EVs (EVISF) were isolated via ultracentrifugation and characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, immunogold labelling, and flow cytometry. Mass spectrometry and proteomic analyses were performed on EVISF cargo. EVISF were 40–150 nm in size and expressed CD63, CD9, and CD81. Using a model of cerebral amyloidosis (e.g., APPswe, PSEN1dE9 mice), we found protein concentration increased but protein diversity decreased with Aβ deposition. Genotype, age, and Aβ deposition modulated proteostasis‐ and immunometabolic‐related pathways. Changes in the microglial EVISF proteome were sexually dimorphic and associated with a differential response of plaque associated microglia. We found that female APP/PS1 mice have more amyloid plaques, less plaque associated microglia, and a less robust‐ and diverse‐ EVISF microglial proteome. Thus, in vivo microdialysis is a novel technique for collecting EVISF and offers a unique opportunity to explore the role of EVs in AD.
Extracellular vesicle biogenesis of three‐dimensional human pluripotent stem cells in a novel Vertical‐Wheel bioreactor
Authors: Muok Laureana , Sun Li , Esmonde Colin , Worden Hannah , Vied Cynthia , Duke Leanne , Ma Shaoyang , Zeng Olivia , Driscoll Tristan , Jung Sunghoon , Li Yan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have great potential as cell‐free therapies in various diseases, including prevention of blood–brain barrier senescence and stroke. However, there are still challenges in pre‐clinical and clinical use of hiPSC‐EVs due to the need for large‐scale production of a large quantity. Vertical‐Wheel bioreactors (VWBRs) have design features that allow the biomanufacturing of hiPSC‐EVs using a scalable aggregate or microcarrier‐based culture system under low shear stress. EV secretion by undifferentiated hiPSCs expanded as 3‐D aggregates and on Synthemax II microcarriers in VWBRs were investigated. Additionally, two types of EV collection media, mTeSR and HBM, were compared. The hiPSCs were characterized by metabolite and transcriptome analysis as well as EV biogenesis markers. Protein and microRNA cargo were analysed by proteomics and microRNA‐seq, respectively. The in vitro functional assays of microglia stimulation and proliferation were conducted. HiPSCs expanded as 3‐D aggregates and on microcarriers had comparable cell number, while microcarrier culture had higher glucose consumption, higher glycolysis and lower autophagy gene expression based on mRNA‐seq. The microcarrier cultures had at least 17–23 fold higher EV secretion, and EV collection in mTeSR had 2.7–3.7 fold higher yield than HBM medium. Microcarrier culture with mTeSR EV collection had a smaller EV size than other groups, and the cargo was enriched with proteins (proteomics) and miRNAs (microRNA‐seq) reducing apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation (e.g. Wnt‐related pathways). hiPSC‐EVs demonstrated the ability of stimulating proliferation and M2 polarization of microglia in vitro. HiPSC expansion on microcarriers produces much higher yields of EVs than hiPSC aggregates in VWBRs. EV collection in mTeSR increases yield compared to HBM. The biomanufactured EVs from microcarrier culture in mTeSR have exosomal characteristics and are functional in microglia stimulation, which paves the ways for future in vivo anti‐aging study.
Investigation of steric hindrance effect on the interactions between four alkaloids and HSA by isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular docking
Authors: Lv Xinluan , Li Wenjin , Zhang Miao , Wang Ruiyong , Chang Junbiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe binding of four alkaloids with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), spectroscopy and molecular docking techniques. The findings demonstrated that theophylline or caffeine can bind to HAS, respectively. The number of binding sites and binding constants are obtained. The binding mode is a static quenching process. The effects of steric hindrance, temperature, salt concentration and buffer solution on the binding indicated that theophylline and HSA have higher binding affinity than caffeine. The fluorescence and ITC results showed that the interaction between HSA and theophylline or caffeine is an entropy‐driven spontaneous exothermic process. The hydrophobic force was the primary driving factor. The experimental results were consistent with the molecular docking data. Based on the molecular structures of the four alkaloids, steric hindrance might be a major factor in the binding between HSA and these four alkaloids. This study elucidates the mechanism of interactions between four alkaloids and HSA.
Does leader disability status influence the operational performance of teams with individuals with disabilities? An empirical study in the apparel industry
Authors: Cole Dustin , Narayanan Sriram , Vickery Shawnee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research examines the impact of leader disability status on the operational performance of teams that include individuals with disabilities (IWD) using longitudinal micro‐data from an apparel manufacturing company in a competitive integrative employment environment. To aid in developing the research hypotheses and in interpreting the empirical findings, the quantitative analysis is complemented with qualitative data collected through interviews involving managers and workers with and without disabilities at the focal firm and two other large companies that employ IWD. A beneficial moderating effect of leader‐worker disability status similarity on team performance is hypothesized and subsequently tested using Prais‐Winsten regression. The results show that a leader with a disability has a potentially beneficial impact on team performance as the number of workers with disabilities in the team increases, resulting in improved productivity (measured in labor hours per garment) and quality (measured in operator defects per garment). The theoretical, managerial, and policy implications of the study provide actionable insights for the creation of an inclusive labor force.
Microwave‐Assisted Quick Synthesis of Ru(II)‐Based Metallosupramolecular Polymer for Improved Electrochromic Properties
Authors: Rana Utpal , Santra Dines Chandra , Prusti Banchhanidhi , Chakraborty Chanchal , Ikeda Taichi , Saito Yuko , Takeuchi Kazuhiko , Nagahata Ritsuko , Higuchi Masayoshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetallosupramolecular polymers (MSPs) have reversible electrochromic (EC) characteristics. Transition metal ions and ditopic organic ligands are complexed 1:1 to form MSPs, but the complexation conditions depend on the metal species ions. Herein, a microwave‐assisted (MWA) quick synthesis of a Ru(II)‐based MSP (polyRu–MWA) as a novel preparation method for MSPs is reported. PolyRu–MWA is synthesized under microwave irritation for 60 min using 770 W and 2.45 GHz frequency, whereas a conventionally synthesized Ru(II)‐based MSP (polyRu–CS) is obtained using oil‐bath at 160 °C for 24 h. PolyRu–MWA is found to show much better EC properties than polyRu–CS. A film of polyRu–MWA prepared on an indium tin oxide glass exhibits higher optical contrast (transmittance change, ΔT: 81.39%) than polyRu–CS (67.73%). Coloration efficiency(CE, η) of polyRu–MWA (425.7 cm2 C−1) is also higher than that of polyRu–CS (318.3 cm2 C−1). Interestingly, the charge and discharge current ratio for bleaching and coloring in polyRu–MWA is ≈1.7 times higher than that for polyRu–CS, probably because of the high molecular weight polymer formation in polyRu–MWA. A polyRu–MWA film also displays a longer EC optical memory than polyRu–CS.