bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the AMPAr antagonist, Perampanel, on Cognitive Function in Rats Exposed to Neonatal Iron Overload
Authors: Silva José Afonso Corrêa , Souza Lariza Oliveira , Severo Maria Paula Arakaki , Rodrigues Sarah Luize Camargo , Molz Patrícia , Schonhofen Patrícia , Herlinger Alice Laschuk , Schröder Nadja 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Iron accumulation has been associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and memory decline. As previously described by our research group, iron overload in the neonatal period induces persistent memory deficits, increases oxidative stress, and apoptotic markers. The neuronal insult caused by iron excess generates an energetic imbalance that can alter glutamate concentrations and thus trigger excitotoxicity. Drugs that block glutamatergic receptor, eligibly mitigate neurotoxicity; among them, Perampanel (PER), a reversible AMPA receptor (AMPAR) antagonist. In the present study, we sought to investigate the neuroprotective effects of PER in rats subjected to iron overload in the neonatal period. Recognition and aversive memory were evaluated, AMPAR subunit phosphorylation, as well as the relative expression of genes such as GRIA1, GRIA2, DGL4, and CAC, which code proteins involved in AMPAR anchoring. Male rats received vehicle or carbonyl iron (30 mg/kg) from the 12th to the 14th postnatal day and were treated with vehicle or PER (2 mg/kg) for 21 days in adulthood. The excess of iron caused recognition memory deficits and impaired emotional memory, and PER was able to improve the rodents' memory. Furthermore, iron overload increased the expression of the GRIA1 gene and decreased the expression of the DGL4 gene, demonstrating the influence of metal accumulation on the metabolism of AMPAR. These results suggest that iron can trigger changes in the expression of genes important for the assembly and anchoring of AMPAR and that blocking AMPAR with PER is capable of partially reversing the cognitive deficits caused by iron overload.
A new adjacent tool in the management of clinical T1a solid renal masses
Authors: Asi Tariq , Altan Mesut , Karabulut Erdem , Yazici Mustafa , Akdogan Bulent , Ozen Haluk 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To present a new adjacent tool in the management of clinical T1a solid renal masses that uses preoperative clinical features to predict benign pathology in clinical T1a solid renal masses.
Materials and Methods
Demographic, clinical and pathologic data related to 579 patients diagnosed with clinical solid T1a renal mass were retrospectively collected. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the variables related to benign pathology. Variables with statistical significance were used to develop a nomogram.
Results
The female-to-male ratio was 240/339, with a median age of 56 (47-64) years. 40% (232/579) of all patients had a diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes mellitus or both. All patients had solitary renal lesion with a median size of 3.0 (2.3-3.5) cm. Cystic component was noticed in 20.7% (119/579) of the lesions.
Benign pathology was detected in 19.9% (115/579) of cases. On univariate analysis, female gender, age less than 60 years, absence of hypertension or diabetes mellitus, symptomatic presentation, smaller tumor size and absence of cystic component were all related to benign pathology. Female gender, age less than 60 years, smaller tumor size and absence of cystic component kept their significance on multivariable analysis. A nomogram was built depending on these variables. The model was close to the ideal and had a c-index value of 0.79.
Conclusion
The nomogram in the present study has good predictive ability for benign pathology in T1a solid renal masses. This will help physicians and patients while making decisions related to the management paradigm.
The impact of gestational weight gain on fetal and neonatal outcomes: The Araraquara Cohort Study
Authors: Victor Audêncio , Teles Laísla de França da Silva , Aires Isabel Oliveira , Carvalho Leticia Falcão , Luzia Liania A. , Artes Rinaldo , Rondó Patrícia H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) is an important indicator for monitoring maternal and fetal health. Objective: To evaluate the effect of GWG outside the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) on fetal and neonatal outcomes.
Study Design: A prospective cohort study with 1642 pregnant women selected from 2017-2023, with gestational age ≤ 18 weeks and followed until delivery in the city of Araraquara, Southeast Brazil. The relationship between IOM-recommended GWG and fetal outcomes (abdominal subcutaneous tissue thickness, arm and thigh subcutaneous tissue area and intrauterine growth restriction) and neonatal outcomes (percentage of fat mass, fat-free mass, birth weight and length, ponderal index, weight adequateness for gestational age by the Intergrowth curve, prematurity, and Apgar score) were investigated. Generalized Estimating Equations were used.
Results: GWG below the IOM recommendations was associated with increased risks of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (aOR 1.61; 95% CI: 1.14-2.27), low birth weight (aOR 2.44; 95% CI: 1.85-3.21), and prematurity (aOR 2.35; 95% CI: 1.81-3.05), and lower chance of being Large for Gestational Age (LGA) (aOR 0.38; 95% CI: 0.28-0.54), with smaller arm subcutaneous tissue area (AST) (-7.99 g; 95% CI: -8.97 to -7.02), birth length (-0.76 cm; 95% CI: -1.03 to -0.49), and neonatal fat mass percentage (-0.85%; 95% CI: -1.12 to -0.58). Whereas LGA (aOR 1.53; 95% CI: 1.20-1.96), with lower 5th-minute Apgar score (aOR 0.42; 95% CI: 0.20-0.87), and increased birth weight (90.14 g; 95% CI: 53.30 to 126.99).
Conclusion: Adherence to GWG recommendations is crucial, with deviations negatively impacting fetal health. Effective weight control strategies are imperative.
Deep learning-based adaptive threshold decision for free-space optical communications
Authors: JING QIANWEN , Hong Yan-Qing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study proposes a deep learning (DL)-based adaptive threshold decision (ATD) technique for free-space optical (FSO) communications. A low-pass filter (LPF) was adopted to extract channel state information (CSI) from the received signal. However, a dynamic cutoff frequency is required for LPF under various turbulence channels and data rates. Therefore, the DL technique, a fully connected neural network (FCNN), was introduced to improve the capability of LPF-based CSI extraction. Two techniques, cascaded LPF and FCNN based CSI estimation, and the FCNN-based adaptive cutoff frequency of the LPF are proposed and evaluated in the simulation. The simulation results showed that the performance of the proposed FCNN-based adaptive cutoff frequency of the LPF technique was close to that of the traditional ATD with a perfect CSI. In addition, it exceeded the performance of cascaded LPF and FCNN-based CSI estimation techniques.
HIF1α-glycolysis engages activation-induced cell death to drive IFN-γ induction in hypoxic T cells
Authors: Shi Lewis , Shen Hongxing , Mullen Logan , Ojo Oluwagbemiga , Xing Chuan , Yassin Abdelrahman , Lewis Zach , Bonner James 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The role of HIF1α-glycolysis in regulating IFN-γ induction in hypoxic T cells is unknown. Given that hypoxia is a common feature in a wide array of pathophysiological contexts such as tumor and that IFN-γ is instrumental for protective immunity, it is of great significance to gain a clear idea on this. Combining pharmacological and genetic gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches, we find that HIF1α-glycolysis controls IFN-γ induction in both human and mouse T cells activated under hypoxia. Specific deletion of HIF1α in T cells (HIF1α–/–) and glycolytic inhibition significantly abrogate IFN-γ induction. Conversely, HIF1α stabilization in T cells by hypoxia and VHL deletion (VHL–/–) promotes IFN-γ production. Mechanistically, reduced IFN-γ production in hypoxic HIF1α–/– T cells is due to attenuated activation-induced cell death but not proliferative defect. We further show that depletion of intracellular acetyl-CoA is a key metabolic underlying mechanism. Hypoxic HIF1α–/– T cells are less able to kill tumor cells, and HIF1α–/– tumor-bearing mice are not responsive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, indicating loss of HIF1α in T cells is a major mechanism of therapeutic resistance to ICBs. Importantly, acetate supplementation restores IFN-γ production in hypoxic HIF1α–/– T cells and re-sensitizes HIF1α–/– tumor-bearing mice to ICBs, providing an effective strategy to overcome ICB resistance. Taken together, our results highlight T cell HIF1α-anaerobic glycolysis as a principal mediator of IFN-γ induction and anti-tumor immunity. Considering that acetate supplementation (i.e., glycerol triacetate (GTA)) is approved to treat infants with Canavan disease, we envision a rapid translation of our findings, justifying further testing of GTA as a repurposed medicine for ICB resistance, a pressing unmet medical need.
Efficacy of digital interventions on physical activity promotion in individuals with noncommunicable diseases: An overview of systematic reviews.
Authors: Kardan Mohammadhossein , Jung Andres , Iqbal Mehvish , Keshtkar Saeed , Geidl Wolfgang , Pfeifer Klaus 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background Physical inactivity is considered one of the main modifiable risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. Multiple barriers have been identified that hinder engagement in traditional physical activity programs and the achievement of PA recommendations. Digital interventions expand opportunities to empower people with non-communicable diseases to be physically active. This overview of systematic reviews aims to evaluate the efficacy of digital interventions on physical activity promotion among individuals with non-communicable diseases. Method A protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022364350). A qualitative synthesis method was applied to summarize the efficacy data. The assessment of methodological quality using AMSTAR-2 for each systematic review was performed by two independent reviewers. Results Searches in nine databases resulted in seven systematic reviews for inclusion. Most of the primary studies included in these seven reviews were conducted in high-income countries. The reviews addressed five populations: participants with cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type 2 diabetes, and osteoarthritis. Digital interventions were classified into two categories: interventions based on digital activity trackers and remote interventions via digital facilities. Additional components were identified in both categories of interventions such as motivational content, counseling, goal setting, tailored feedback/reminders, and other behavioral change techniques. The overall quality of the reviews ranged from critically low to low. The findings provided some evidence that both categories of interventions were effective in promoting physical activity. Conclusion Translating these findings into practice demands collaboration between researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to harness the potential of digital solutions for physical activity promotion to combat an important NCD risk factor.
Intestinal organoids to model Salmonella infection and its impact on progenitors
Authors: Yan Jin , Racaud-Sultan Claire , Pezier Tiffany , Edir Anissa , Rolland Corinne , Claverie Coralie , Burlaud-Gaillard Julien , Olivier Michel , Velge Philippe , Lacroix-Lamandé Sonia , Vergnolle Nathalie , Wiedemann Agnès 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In order to survive and replicate, Salmonella has evolved mechanisms to gain access to intestinal epithelial cells of the crypt. However, the impact of Salmonella Typhimurium on stem cells and progenitors, which are responsible for the ability of the intestinal epithelium to renew and protect itself, remains unclear. Given that intestinal organoids growth is sustained by primitive cells activity, we have used this model to document the effects of Salmonella Typhimurium infection on epithelial proliferation and differentiation, and compared it to an in vivo model of Salmonella infection in mice. Among gut segments, the caecum was preferentially targeted by Salmonella. Analysis of infected crypts and organoids demonstrated increased length and size, respectively. mRNA transcription profiles of infected crypts and organoids pointed to upregulated EGFR-dependent signals, associated with a decrease in secretory cell lineage differentiation. To conclude, we show that organoids are suited to mimic the impact of Salmonella on primitive cells, carrying a great potential to drastically reduce the use of animals for scientific studies on that topic. In both models, the EGFR pathway, crucial to primitive cell proliferation and differentiation, is taken over by Salmonella, suggesting that repeated infections might have consequences on crypt integrity and further oncogenesis.
Diagnostic and therapeutic contribution of Esophagogastroduodenoscopy without general anesthesia in patients aged 75 and older
Authors: Leclair Bathilde , Levassort Hélène , Pepin Marion , Sawczynski Bruno , Lechowki Laurent , Desoutter Marie-Astrid , Thomas Bazin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background and study aims:
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is frequently performed in older patients and allows to detect lesion in 20 to 50% of cases, it also participates to therapeutic management. However, considering that elderly population is often more fragile and this medical procedure without anesthesia may be judged uncomfortable and invasive, EGD raises questions about its benefit-risk balance in this population. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic impact and tolerance of EGD without general anesthesia in older hospitalized patients.
Patients and methods:
We performed an observational, retrospective single-center study including patients who underwent an EGD without general anesthesia, aged 75 years and over. The primary endpoint was the description of a macroscopic lesion consistent with the indication. The secondary endpoints were the endoscopy's contributivity in the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and its tolerance.
Results
Our study included 200 patients between January 2018 and December 2019. A macroscopic diagnosis consistent with the indication was found in 88 patients (44%). When no macroscopic diagnosis was made, EGD led in 70.5% of cases to a change in treatment or the proposal of an additional procedure. Forty-six percent of EGD were well-tolerated.
Conclusion
In this population, EGD allows progress in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach with a good tolerance.
Systematic exploration of prognostic alternative splicing events related to tumor immune microenvironment of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Hongwei , Zhang Min , Yang Fang , Tang Chunhan , Xu Ke , Zhou Yuchuan , Ren Tao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Pathologically, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of renal carcinoma, with high heterogeneity and poor prognosis. There is increasing evidence that alternative splicing (AS) is involved in tumor evolution and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). However, studies on the exploration of AS events and TIME in ccRCC are still few but needed.
Methods The transcriptional data and clinicopathological information of patients with ccRCC in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were extracted completely. Patients were grouped according to the ESTIMATE algorithm and differentially expressed AS events (DEASs) were identified. The relationship between AS events and features of TIME were investigated by functional enrichment analysis and unsupervised consensus analysis. Finally, hub SF was identified by the regulatory network of survival-related AS events and intersection splicing factors (SFs), and its biological function was further verified in vitro.
Results In total, the data of 515 patients with ccRCC were extracted and analyzed. Patients with low immune-score presented longer overall survival (OS) than high immune-score. 861 AS events were identified as DEASs, and they were enriched in immune-related pathways. 3 AS-based clusters were identified and found to have different prognoses and unique immune features. Finally, MBNL1 was identified as a hub SF, and it was shown to inhibit proliferation and metastasis, promote apoptosis, and block cells in G2/M phase in 786O and A498 cells.
Conclusion The prognosticrisk model constructed base on immune-related AS events has good predictive ability for ccRCC, and the 3-clusters model based on immune-related AS events has potential for further clinical exploration. Thehub SF found in the present study, such as MBNL1, could affect the progression of ccRCC.
Quantifying cell divisions along evolutionary lineages in cancer
Authors: Naxerova Kamila , Blohmer Martin , Cheek David , Hung Wei-Ting , Kessler Maria , Lee I-Hsiu , Gorelick Alexander , Yang Ching-Yeuh , Yeh Yi-Chen , Ho Hsiang-Ling , Speiser Dorothee , Karsten Maria , Lanuti Michael , Pai Sara , Lennerz Jochen , Chou Teh-Ying , Kloor Matthias 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Cell division drives somatic evolution but is challenging to quantify in human tissues. Here, we develop a framework to count cell divisions with DNA replication-related mutations in polyguanine homopolymers. We apply the method in two different scenarios. First, analyzing 505 samples from 37 patients, we study the milestones of colorectal cancer evolution. We find that tumor founder cells divide at similar rates as normal intestinal stem cells over a patient’s lifetime. Primary tumors diversify at ~250 divisions from the founder cell, while distant metastasis divergence occurs significantly later, at ~500 divisions. Notably, distant but not lymph node metastases share a common origin with primary tumor regions that have undergone surplus divisions, tying subclonal expansion to metastatic capacity. Second, we analyze a cohort of 73 multifocal lung cancers with ambiguous origins. We show that the cell division burden of the tumors’ common ancestor distinguishes independent primary tumors from intrapulmonary metastases and correlates with patient survival. Metastatic capacity is tied to more extensive proliferation, mirroring our results in colorectal cancer. The cell division history of human cancers contains valuable biological and clinical information and can be effectively interrogated with our simple framework.
Do chest CT findings predict the outcome in pregnant patients with COVID-19 pneumonia? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Esmaeilian Saeid , Teimouri Arash , Hoseinyazdi Meisam , Mohajeri Elham , Hooshmandi Sedighe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease that poses significant challenges for the management of pregnant patients, especially regarding the use and interpretation of chest CT scans. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance and radiological features of chest CT scans in pregnant women with COVID-19.
Methods: The authors conducted a cross-sectional, multi-center study of 53 pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 by RT-PCR testing who underwent chest CT scans in three hospitals in Iran. They collected and analyzed data on demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological variables, as well as maternal and neonatal outcomes. They used low-dose chest CT protocol and abdominal shields to minimize radiation exposure and assessed the interobserver reliability of the chest CT diagnosis using Cohen’s kappa coefficient.
Results: The study included 41 pregnant women with COVID-19 and available chest CT scans. The mean maternal age was 34.6±7.60 years and the mean gestational age was 28.73±5.66 weeks. Dyspnea was the most common symptom (85.4%), followed by fever (68.3%) and cough (51.2%). Asthma (p=0.001) and diabetes (p=0.001) were significantly associated with worse outcomes and abnormal chest CT scans. Myalgia (p=0.001), respiratory distress (p=0.001), admission O2 saturation (p=0.001), leukopenia (p=0.001), lymphocytosis (p=0.001), and high CRP levels (p=0.001) were also correlated with adverse outcomes and abnormal chest CT scans. Normal chest scans were observed in 25 patients (61%), while 16 patients (39%) had abnormal CT scan findings. Ground glass opacity (81.3%) and consolidation (68.8%) were the most common radiological features on chest CT scans. Four maternal deaths occurred due to delayed referral and underlying comorbidities such as heart failure or renal failure.
Conclusion: The percentage of lung involvement and the presence of consolidation on chest CT scans could predict the prognosis of pregnant women with COVID-19. Chest CT scans could be a useful tool for the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 in pregnancy, especially in cases of severe symptoms or comorbidities.
Smart Sensors, Smart Calibration: Machine Learning Advancements for Coal Dust Monitoring and Control
Authors: Amoah Nana A. , Zaid Mirza Muhammad , Du Xiaosong , Wang Yang , Xu Guang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The recent resurgence of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis among coal miners in the United States has been linked to the exposure to excessive levels of coal dust. To control miners’ overexposure, the PDM3700 monitors were adopted in the mining industry to measure each miner’s coal dust exposure levels. However, the high cost of the PDM3700 hinders its purpose of measuring all miners’ exposure levels. The Plantower PMS5003 low-cost PM sensors have demonstrated the ability to measure coal dust concentrations with high spatial resolution in real time due to their low cost and small size. These sensors, however, require extensive calibration to ensure they maintain a high accuracy over long periods of deployment. Since they have only been calibrated for mining induced PM monitoring using linear regression models in the past, the objective of this study is to leverage machine learning algorithms for coal dust monitoring sensor calibration. A laboratory collocation experiment was performed using the PDM and APS as reference monitors in a wind tunnel under a wide range of concentrations, temperatures and relative humidities. The results revealed that nonlinear machine learning techniques significantly outperformed traditional linear regression models for low-cost sensor calibration. With artificial neural network being the strongest calibration model, the Pearson correlation of the PMS5003 sensors reached 0.98 and 0.97 with the Airtrek sensors reaching Pearson correlation of 0.91 while the Gaslab sensors reached correlations of 0.93 and 0.92. This shows a 2–11% improvement in model performance over the linear regression model through artificial neural network calibration. The success of machine learning algorithms in this work has demonstrated the feasibility of deploying low-cost PM sensors for coal dust monitoring in mines.