bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between asthma and atrial fibrillation: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nogueira-Garcia Beatriz , Alves Mariana , Pinto Fausto J. , Caldeira Daniel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRespiratory disease and atrial fibrillation (AF) frequent coexist, but the risk of AF among asthma patients is less characterized. Growing evidence suggest that AF shares with asthma a systemic inflammation background and asthma treatments, such as beta agonists, have been associated with increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the risk of AF in patients with asthma in observational studies. We search for longitudinal studies reporting AF outcome in asthma and control patients through MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE. Pooled estimates of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived by random effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. The risk of bias of individual studies was evaluated using the ROBINS-E tool. The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO: CRD42020215707. Seven cohort/nested case–control studies with 1 405 508 individuals were included. The mean follow-up time was 9 years, ranging from 1 to 15 years. Asthma was associated with a higher risk of AF (OR 1.15. 95% CI 1.01–1.29). High heterogeneity (I2 = 81%) and overall “serious” risk of bias, lead to a very low confidence in in this result. Asthma was associated with an increased risk of AF. However, the high risk of bias and high heterogeneity reduces the robustness of these results, calling for further high-quality data.
Synchronous functional magnetic resonance eye imaging, video ophthalmoscopy, and eye surface imaging reveal the human brain and eye pulsation mechanisms
Authors: Ebrahimi Seyed-Mohsen , Tuunanen Johanna , Saarela Ville , Honkamo Marja , Huotari Niko , Raitamaa Lauri , Korhonen Vesa , Helakari Heta , Järvelä Matti , Kaakinen Mika , Eklund Lauri , Kiviniemi Vesa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe eye possesses a paravascular solute transport pathway that is driven by physiological pulsations, resembling the brain glymphatic pathway. We developed synchronous multimodal imaging tools aimed at measuring the driving pulsations of the human eye, using an eye-tracking functional eye camera (FEC) compatible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measuring eye surface pulsations. Special optics enabled integration of the FEC with MRI-compatible video ophthalmoscopy (MRcVO) for simultaneous retinal imaging along with functional eye MRI imaging (fMREye) of the BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) contrast. Upon optimizing the fMREye parameters, we measured the power of the physiological (vasomotor, respiratory, and cardiac) eye and brain pulsations by fast Fourier transform (FFT) power analysis. The human eye pulsated in all three physiological pulse bands, most prominently in the respiratory band. The FFT power means of physiological pulsation for two adjacent slices was significantly higher than in one-slice scans (RESP1 vs. RESP2; df = 5, p = 0.045). FEC and MRcVO confirmed the respiratory pulsations at the eye surface and retina. We conclude that in addition to the known cardiovascular pulsation, the human eye also has respiratory and vasomotor pulsation mechanisms, which are now amenable to study using non-invasive multimodal imaging of eye fluidics.
Genomic landscape of NDM-1 producing multidrug-resistant Providencia stuartii causing burn wound infections in Bangladesh
Authors: Mondol Spencer Mark , Islam Israt , Islam Md. Rafiul , Shakil Shahriar Kabir , Rakhi Nadira Naznin , Mustary Jannatul Ferdous , Amiruzzaman  , Gomes Donald James , Shahjalal Hussain Md. , Rahaman Md. Mizanur 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe increasing antimicrobial resistance inProvidencia stuartii(P. stuartii) worldwide, particularly concerning for immunocompromised and burn patients, has raised concern in Bangladesh, where the significance of this infectious opportunistic pathogen had been previously overlooked, prompting a need for investigation.The two strains ofP. stuartii(P. stuartiiSHNIBPS63and P. stuartiiSHNIBPS71) isolated from wound swab of two critically injured burn patients were found to be multidrug-resistant andP. stuartiiSHNIBPS63 showed resistance to all the 22 antibiotics tested as well as revealed the co-existence ofblaVEB-6(Class A),blaNDM-1(Class B),blaOXA-10(Class D) beta lactamase genes. Complete resistance to carbapenems through the production of NDM-1, is indicative of an alarming situation as carbapenems are considered to be the last line antibiotic to combat this pathogen. Both isolates displayed strong biofilm-forming abilities and exhibited resistance to copper, zinc, and iron, in addition to carrying multiple genes associated with metal resistance and the formation of biofilms. The study also encompassed a pangenome analysis utilizing a dataset of eighty-six publicly availableP. stuartiigenomes (n = 86), revealing evidence of an open or expanding pangenome forP. stuartii. Also, an extensive genome-wide analysis of all theP. stuartiigenomes revealed a concerning global prevalence of diverse antimicrobial resistance genes, with a particular alarm raised over the abundance of carbapenem resistance geneblaNDM-1. Additionally, this study highlighted the notable genetic diversity withinP. stuartii, significant informations about phylogenomic relationships and ancestry, as well as potential for cross-species transmission, raising important implications for public health and microbial adaptation across different environments.
Identification, characterization and quantification of xanthones from Fridericia formosa leaves extract with antiviral activity
Authors: Vaz Luana Beatriz Araújo , Amparo Tatiane Roquete , Reis Adriana Cotta Cardoso , de Mello Silva Breno , de Brito Magalhães Cíntia Lopes , Kohlhoff Markus , Brandão Geraldo Célio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFridericia formosa (Bureau) L.G. Lohmann (Bignonaceae) is a neotropical liana species found in the Cerrado biome in Brazil. It has been of great interest to the scientific community due to its potential as a source of new antivirals, including xanthones derived from mangiferin. In this context, the present study aimed to characterize and quantify the xanthones present in the ethanol extract of this species using high performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, the antiviral activity against Chikungunya, Zika, and Mayaro viruses was evaluated. The chromatographic analyses partially identified twenty-six xanthones, among which only fourteen had already been described in the literature. The xanthones mangiferin, 2′-O-trans-caffeoylmangiferin, and 2′-O-trans-coumaroylmangiferin, are present in higher quantities in the extract, at concentrations of 9.65%, 10.68%, and 3.41% w/w, respectively. In antiviral assays, the extract inhibited the multiplication cycle only for the Mayaro virus with a CE50 of 36.1 μg/mL. Among the isolated xanthones, 2′-O-trans-coumaroylmangiferin and 2′-O-trans-cinnamoylmangiferin inhibited the viral cytopathic effect with CE50 values of 180.6 and 149.4 μg/mL, respectively. Therefore, the extract from F. formosa leaves, which has a high content of xanthones, has antiviral potential and can be a source of new mangiferin derivatives.
No evidence for competition over floral resources between winter-active parasitoids and pollinators in agroecosystems
Authors: Alford Lucy , Roudine Sacha , Valsami Dimitra , Fontaine-Guenel Tiphanie , Namintraporn Talay , Guedon Anaëlle , Normand Romane , Lagneau Ludovic , Le Lann Cecile , Van Baaren Joan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWarming temperate winters are resulting in increased insect winter activity. With modern agroecosystems largely homogenous, characterised by low floral diversity, competitive interactions may arise between flower-visiting species, with potential implications for the ecosystem services they provide (e.g. biological control and pollination). Flower strips may be implemented during winter months to support flower-visiting insects and enhance ecosystem service provision. Employing field trials conducted in Brittany, France between 2019 and 2021 and laboratory cage experiments, the current study examined the impact of winter flower strips on aphid biological control performed by parasitoid wasps and the potential for competitive interactions between winter-active parasitoids and pollinators. Results revealed that parasitism rate was not enhanced by the presence of winter flower strips. This lack of effect was not the consequence of pollinator presence, and the current study found no effect of pollinator abundance on parasitism rate. Flower strips may thus be implemented during winter months to support nectar-feeding insects when floral resources are scarce, with no evidence of exploitative competition between pollinators and parasitoids, nor a detrimental impact on biological control provision.
The non-selective Antarctic filter feeder Salpa thompsoni as a bioindicator of mercury origin
Authors: Wojdasiewicz Adriana , Panasiuk Anna , Bełdowska Magdalena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHg is considered as the most toxic metal in the environment. Sources of Hg in the environment include burning fossil fuels, burning waste, and forest fires. The long residence time of the gaseous form in the atmosphere allows mercury to be transported over long distances. The pelagic tunicate Salpa thompsoni is an important component of the Antarctic environment. Over the past few decades an expansion of this species to the higher latitudes has been noted, mainly due to the ongoing climate change. The study material consisted of samples of S. thompsoni individuals, collected in the waters surrounding Elephant Island (Western Antarctic). Total mercury and five of its fractions were determined. Whole organisms were analyzed as well as internal organs: stomachs, muscle strips, and tunics. Obtained results showed that the highest concentrations of mercury in salps were observed in stomachs. With the Hg fraction results, it can be concluded that the main route of exposure of S. thompsoni to Hg is presumably absorption from the food—filtered organic and non-organic particles. Moreover, the process of transformation of simple soluble forms into organic forms of Hg in stomachs and intestines and its distribution to other tissues was observed.
A multidimensional atlas of human glioblastoma-like organoids reveals highly coordinated molecular networks and effective drugs
Authors: Wang Changwen , Sun Meng , Shao Chunxuan , Schlicker Lisa , Zhuo Yue , Harim Yassin , Peng Tianping , Tian Weili , Stöffler Nadja , Schneider Martin , Helm Dominic , Chu Youjun , Fu Beibei , Jin Xiaoliang , Mallm Jan-Philipp , Mall Moritz , Wu Yonghe , Schulze Almut , Liu Hai-Kun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecent advances in the genomics of glioblastoma (GBM) led to the introduction of molecular neuropathology but failed to translate into treatment improvement. This is largely attributed to the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of GBM, which are considered the major obstacle to GBM therapy. Here, we use advanced human GBM-like organoid (LEGO: Laboratory Engineered Glioblastoma-like Organoid) models and provide an unprecedented comprehensive characterization of LEGO models using single-cell transcriptome, DNA methylome, metabolome, lipidome, proteome, and phospho-proteome analysis. We discovered that genetic heterogeneity dictates functional heterogeneity across molecular layers and demonstrates that NF1 mutation drives mesenchymal signature. Most importantly, we found that glycerol lipid reprogramming is a hallmark of GBM, and several targets and drugs were discovered along this line. We also provide a genotype-based drug reference map using LEGO-based drug screen. This study provides new human GBM models and a research path toward effective GBM therapy.
Single-cell transcriptome analysis of epithelial, immune, and stromal signatures and interactions in human ovarian cancer
Authors: Chai Chaochao , Liang Langchao , Mikkelsen Nanna S. , Wang Wei , Zhao Wandong , Sun Chengcheng , Bak Rasmus O. , Li Hanbo , Lin Lin , Wang Fei , Luo Yonglun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA comprehensive investigation of ovarian cancer (OC) progression at the single-cell level is crucial for enhancing our understanding of the disease, as well as for the development of better diagnoses and treatments. Here, over half a million single-cell transcriptome data were collected from 84 OC patients across all clinical stages. Through integrative analysis, we identified heterogeneous epithelial-immune-stromal cellular compartments and their interactions in the OC microenvironment. The epithelial cells displayed clinical subtype features with functional variance. A significant increase in distinct T cell subtypes was identified including Tregs and CD8+ exhausted T cells from stage IC2. Additionally, we discovered antigen-presenting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), with myofibroblastic CAFs (myCAFs) exhibiting enriched extracellular matrix (ECM) functionality linked to tumor progression at stage IC2. Furthermore, the NECTIN2-TIGIT ligand-receptor pair was identified to mediate T cells communicating with epithelial, fibroblast, endothelial, and other cell types. Knock-out of NECTIN2 using CRISPR/Cas9 inhibited ovarian cancer cell (SKOV3) proliferation, and increased T cell proliferation when co-cultured. These findings shed light on the cellular compartments and functional aspects of OC, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying stage IC2 and potential therapeutic strategies for OC.
TIMEWISE: Temporal Dynamics for Urban Resilience - theoretical insights and empirical reflections from Amsterdam and Mumbai
Authors: Krishnan Supriya , Aydin Nazli Yonca , Comes Tina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIncreasing frequency of climate-related disruptions requires transformational responses over the lifecycles of interconnected urban systems with short- and long-term change dynamics. However, the aftermath of disruptions is often characterised by short-sighted decision-making, neglecting long-term urban shifts. In this study, we present a first attempt to develop the theoretical foundation for temporal dynamics for increasingly disrupted yet ”connecting and moving” cities that can be used in planning for urban resilience. Using the lens of climate urbanism, we conceptualise the interplay of temporal dynamics to empirically examine how planning practice perceives and addresses temporality in two regions - Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and Mumbai, India. Our findings reinforce that disruptions do not inform long-term planning. Endogenous and exogenous dynamics of change are not viewed together nor used to embed short-term planning goals within long-term resilience visions. To address the lack of systematic planning approaches that can leverage temporal dynamics, we propose two options for temporally flexible urban planning processes.
Weakened APC/C activity at mitotic exit drives cancer vulnerability to KIF18A inhibition
Authors: Gliech Colin R , Yeow Zhong Y , Tapias-Gomez Daniel , Yang Yuchen , Huang Zhaoyu , Tijhuis Andréa E , Spierings Diana CJ , Foijer Floris , Chung Grace , Tamayo Nuria , Bahrami-Nejad Zahra , Collins Patrick , Nguyen Thong T , Plata Stapper Andres , Hughes Paul E , Payton Marc , Holland Andrew J 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe efficacy of current antimitotic cancer drugs is limited by toxicity in highly proliferative healthy tissues. A cancer-specific dependency on the microtubule motor protein KIF18A therefore makes it an attractive therapeutic target. Not all cancers require KIF18A, however, and the determinants underlying this distinction remain unclear. Here, we show that KIF18A inhibition drives a modest and widespread increase in spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) signaling from kinetochores which can result in lethal mitotic delays. Whether cells arrest in mitosis depends on the robustness of the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, and cells predisposed with weak basal anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activity and/or persistent SAC signaling through metaphase are uniquely sensitive to KIF18A inhibition. KIF18A-dependent cancer cells exhibit hallmarks of this SAC:APC/C imbalance, including a long metaphase-to-anaphase transition, and slow mitosis overall. Together, our data reveal vulnerabilities in the cell division apparatus of cancer cells that can be exploited for therapeutic benefit.
Loss of Myo19 increases metastasis by enhancing microenvironmental ROS gradient and chemotaxis
Authors: Ren Xiaoyu , Shi Peng , Su Jing , Wei Tonghua , Li Jiayi , Hu Yiping , Wu Congying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTumor metastasis involves cells migrating directionally in response to external chemical signals. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the form of H2O2 has been demonstrated as a chemoattractant for neutrophils but its spatial characteristics in tumor microenvironment and potential role in tumor cell dissemination remain unknown. Here we investigate the spatial ROS distribution in 3D tumor spheroids and identify a ROS concentration gradient in spheroid periphery, which projects into a H2O2 gradient in tumor microenvironment. We further reveal the role of H2O2 gradient to induce chemotaxis of tumor cells by activating Src and subsequently inhibiting RhoA. Finally, we observe that the absence of mitochondria cristae remodeling proteins including the mitochondria-localized actin motor Myosin 19 (Myo19) enhances ROS gradient and promotes tumor dissemination. Myo19 downregulation is seen in many tumors, and Myo19 expression is negatively associated with tumor metastasis in vivo. Together, our study reveals the chemoattractant role of tumor microenvironmental ROS and implies the potential impact of mitochondria cristae disorganization on tumor invasion and metastasis.
Drosophila eIF3f1 mediates host immune defense by targeting dTak1
Authors: Hu Yixuan , Kong Fanrui , Guo Huimin , Hua Yongzhi , Zhu Yangyang , Zhang Chuchu , Qadeer Abdul , Xiao Yihua , Cai Qingshuang , Ji Shanming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEukaryotic translation initiation factors have long been recognized for their critical roles in governing the translation of coding RNAs into peptides/proteins. However, whether they harbor functional activities at the post-translational level remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that eIF3f1 (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f1), which encodes an archetypal deubiquitinase, is essential for the antimicrobial innate immune defense of Drosophila melanogaster. Our in vitro and in vivo evidence indicate that the immunological function of eIF3f1 is dependent on the N-terminal JAMM (JAB1/MPN/Mov34 metalloenzymes) domain. Mechanistically, eIF3f1 physically associates with dTak1 (Drosophila TGF-beta activating kinase 1), a key regulator of the IMD (immune deficiency) signaling pathway, and mediates the turnover of dTak1 by specifically restricting its K48-linked ubiquitination. Collectively, these results provide compelling insight into a noncanonical molecular function of a translation initiation factor that controls the post-translational modification of a target protein.
Path tracking control of automated vehicles based on adaptive MPC in variable scenarios
Authors: Liu Xinyong , Ou Jian , Yan Dehai , Zhang Yong , Deng Guohong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor complex and dynamic high‐speed driving scenarios, an adaptive model predictive control (MPC) controller is designed to ensure effective path tracking for automated vehicles. Firstly, in order to prevent model mismatch in the MPC controller, a tire cornering stiffness estimation algorithm is designed and a soft constraint on slip angle is added to further enhance the controller's precision in tracking trajectories and the vehicle's driving stability. Secondly, the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) method with dynamic weights and penalty functions is suggested to address the issue of insufficient accuracy in solving quadratic programming. Additionally, the standard particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to seek the most suitable time horizon parameters offline to obtain the best time horizon data set under different vehicle speeds and adhesion coefficients, and then it is optimized online by an adaptive network‐based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to enhance the model predictive controller's adaptability in different operating conditions. Finally, simulation experiments are conducted under three different operating conditions: docked roads, split roads, and variable vehicle speeds. The results indicate that the designed adaptive MPC controller can accurately and stably track the reference trajectory in various scenarios.
Design considerations of series type hybrid circuit breaker (S‐HCB)
Authors: Alashi Mahmoud , Cooper Triston , Zhou Yuanfeng , Shen Z. John , Brown Ian , Wong Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe series‐type direct current (DC) hybrid circuit breaker (S‐HCB) concept was previously reported to offer better performance than solid‐state circuit breakers (SSCB) and hybrid circuit breakers (HCB). S‐HCB offers low conduction power loss like an HCB and ‐scale interruption time, which is even faster than an SSCB. It uses a pulse transformer to isolate the lower‐voltage high‐inductance power electronic circuit from the high‐voltage, low‐inductance main power loop. This paper provides analysis of the impact of the S‐HCB circuit components on the overall system performance and a scalable S‐HCB design guide for different DC system voltage and current ratings. In addition, system energy flow analysis is performed in the time domain to provide an understanding of how energy is delivered, dissipated, and released throughout the entire fault interruption process. The S‐HCB prototype was experimentally tested at 3 kV/30 A and 6 kV/150A with the results showing the interruption of the low fault current of 30 A and the high fault current of 150 A within 8 and maintaining the fault current at a near zero value for 300 to enable an arcless opening of a series mechanical switch. The key design challenges of S‐HCB at high voltage and high current ratings were discussed and possible solutions to mitigate those challenges were introduced.
Identifying footpoints of pre-eruptive and coronal mass ejection flux ropes with sunspot scars
Authors: Xing Chen , Aulanier Guillaume , Schmieder Brigitte , Cheng Xin , Ding Mingde 
Published: January 2024

Context. The properties of pre-eruptive structures and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are characterized by those of their footpoints, the latter of which attract a great deal of interest. However, the matter of how to identify the footpoints of pre-eruptive structures and how to do so with the use of ground-based instruments still remains elusive.
Aims. In this work, we study an arc-shaped structure intruding in the sunspot umbra. It is located close to the (pre-)eruptive flux rope footpoint and it is expected to help identify the footpoint.
Methods. We analyzed this arc-shaped structure, which we call a “sunspot scar”, in a CME event on July 12, 2012, and in two CME events from observationally inspired magnetohydrodynamic simulations performed by OHM and MPI-AMRVAC.
Results. The sunspot scar displays a more inclined magnetic field with a weaker vertical component and a stronger horizontal component relative to that in the surrounding umbra and is manifested as a light bridge in the white light passband. The hot field lines anchored in the sunspot scar are spatially at the transition between the flux rope and the background coronal loops and temporally in the process of the slipping reconnection which builds up the flux rope.
Conclusions. The sunspot scar and its related light bridge mark the edge of the CME flux rope footpoint and particularly indicate the edge of the pre-eruptive flux rope footpoint in the framework of “pre-eruptive structures being flux ropes”. Therefore, they provide a new perspective for the identification of pre-eruptive and CME flux rope footpoints, as well as new methods for studying the properties and evolution of pre-eruptive structures and CMEs with photospheric observations only.