bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of ankle brachial index, serum miR-103 and LP-PLA2 in the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Chang Qing , Zhang Fan , Xue Qian , Song Aixia 
Published: February 2024

Objective: To explore the prognostic value of ankle brachial index (ABI), serum microribonucleic acid-103 (miR-103), and lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) indicators in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the medical records of 202 patients with AIS admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from June 2019 to December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups based on their prognosis: the Poor-group (n=72) and the Good-group (n=130). Levels of ABI, serum miR-103, and LP-PLA2 indicators were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for the poor prognosis in patients with AIS, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of ABI, serum miR-103, and LP-PLA2 levels on the prognosis of AIS.
Results: Seventy two patients had a poor prognosis (35.6%) and 130 had a good prognosis (64.4%). The Poor-group had a higher proportion of elderly patients, patients with a history of diabetes and hypertension, abnormal ABI, and elevations in serum miR-103 and LP-PLA2 compared to the Good-group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal ABI, and high levels of serum miR-103 and LP-PLA2 were independent risk factors for the poor prognosis. ROC curve provided a combined AUC of 0.862, which was higher than that of the individual ABI, serum miR-103, and LP-PLA2 curves, with values of 0.625, 0.749, and 0.696, respectively (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Abnormal ABI, and high serum miR-103 and LP-PLA2 levels are independent risk factors for poor prognosis in AIS patients. They can be used as important indicators for predicting the prognosis of AIS.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8716
How to cite this: Chang Q, Zhang F, Xue Q, Song A. Evaluation of ankle brachial index, serum miR-103 and LP-PLA2 in the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):763-766. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8716
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Persistence of mule deer pellet groups on Chihuhuan Desert
Authors: Esparza-Carlos Juan Pablo 
Published: February 2024

The persistence of fecal or pellet groups is indispensable when using the pellet group counting technique to estimate population densities and relative abundances of deer, as well as other herbivores. This technique is widely employed worldwide, and in México, the majority of deer abundance estimates have been made using this tool. However, for mule deer (Odocoileus hemonious) in México, there is no data on the persistence of pellet groups, and there is only one study on white-tailed deer. The pellet group counting technique has two main methods: a) "Fecal Standing Crop," where the accumulated pellet groups in plots are counted in a single visit, and b) "Fecal Accumulation Rate," which estimates density based on the accumulation of new fecal groups between two sampling periods, initially requiring the removal of all fecal groups from plots and counting again after some time. Both methods require knowing the pellet group disappearance rate during the pellet group accumulation period. This information is fundamental to understanding the ecology and making precise decisions in the management and conservation of mammals, such as mule deer, a species that is declining in some regions of México. Due to the lack of studies on the persistence of pellet group of mule deer in México, the aim of this study was to determine the persistence of mule deer fecal groups and their color changes over time, to establish pellet accumulation periods for estimating population abundances without biases when using this technique in arid habitats. We monitored 102 fecal groups for four years in the Chihuahuan Desert, finding that pellet groups are only lost during the summer rainy season. All pellet groups deposited between October and May were present, and all pellet groups turned white only after the first summer rainy season. The persistence of pellet groups was similar across seasons (fall, winter, spring) and deposition years (2004 to 2006). Some pellet groups persisted for over four years. The data suggest that the only source of degradation of pellet groups is summer rains, and no degradation by biological agents, such as fungi or insects, was observed. In summary, in arid areas, to estimate deer use or density throughout the entire dry season through pellet group counting, it is suggested that only two visits with either of the mentioned techniques are needed. If "Fecal Standing Crop" is used, there is now certainty that all non-white pellets are post the summer rainy season. If the "Fecal Accumulation Rate" technique is used, there is certainty that there will be no loss of pellets groups between the accumulation period of the entire dry season, approximately 7.5 months later. By reducing the number of visits, it allows us to cover more sampling sites, expand the study area, and obtain more precise estimates that will help understand ecological aspects and make management decisions.
RAP E O MOVIMENTO NEGRO EDUCADOR: JUVENTUDE NEGRA NO PROTAGONISMO DA LEI 10.639/03
Authors: Da Silva Ceriaco (Michel Yakini-Iman) Michel , Corrochano Maria Carla 
Published: February 2024

Esta autoetnografia apresenta reflexões sobre o movimento hip hop no contexto das periferias paulistanas na década de 1990, a relação dessa expressão com a juventude negra e sua perspectiva ativista e educadora. Os trabalhos de Marilia Sposito, Juarez Dayrell e Elaine Andrade sobre o rap na experiência juvenil, e de Nilma Lino Gomes sobre o Movimento Negro Educador são referências teóricas centrais. Considerando as diversas pesquisas sobre o tema, esse trabalho dialoga com parte da biografia de um artista negro da periferia de São Paulo, que vivenciou um letramento racial/social por meio do rap. A partir da experiência de um dos autores, argumenta sobre a importância da juventude negra e do rap para a implementação das ações afirmativas no Brasil.
The reliability of a linear position transducer for measuring countermovement jump performance in national-level road cyclists
Authors: Turner Aaron , McKean Mark , Doyle Danielle , Burkett Brendan 
Published: February 2024

Background
Jump tests have applications in fatigue monitoring, training intervention evaluations, and talent identification in cycling populations. Due to competitive cycling’s inherent travel demands, linear position transducers (LPTs) are suitable for assessing jump performance in this population as they are a mobile and validated technology. Understanding the reliability and sensitivity of LPTs in assessing jump performance in cycling populations is required to support the development of sports science protocols. Using an LPT, this study aimed to determine the reliability and sensitivity of countermovement jump (CMJ) variables in road cyclists.

Methods
Ten national-level male road cyclists performed three maximal CMJ trials twice per week for two weeks, with an LPT measuring force, power, velocity, repetition rate, vertical distance, and concentric time from each trial. Using the mean and best CMJ results from three trials per testing session, the upper limit 90% confidence interval for the coefficient of variation (CV) and smallest worthwhile change (SWC) determined inter-day and -week reliability (CV ≤ 10%) and sensitivity (acceptable sensitivity = CV ≤ SWC) for CMJ variables.

Results
Mean power and force, velocity (mean and peak), vertical distance (VD), and concentric time had acceptable inter-day and -week reliability when using either the mean or best CMJ results (CV upper limit 90% confidence interval range = 3.54–10.13%). Moreover, the CV and SWC were typically lower when based on the mean rather than the best of three CMJ trials. Lastly, poor sensitivity (CV > SWC) was evident for all CMJ variables.

Conclusions
CMJ-derived mean power and force, velocity (peak and mean), VD, and concentric time have acceptable inter-day and -week reliability when assessed via an LPT in national-level road cyclists. When using an LPT, sports scientists should consider that, while they typically have poor sensitivity, the reliability of CMJ-derived variables improves when expressed as the mean of three trials in national-level road cyclists.
Struktur Komunitas Bivalvia pada Ekosistem Lamun dengan Tutupan Berbeda di Perairan Pulau Bintan
Authors: Annisa Annisa , Febrianto Try , Nugraha Aditya Hikmat 
Published: February 2024

Ekosistem lamun memiliki kaitan yang erat dengan keberadaan bivalvia. Kondisi struktur ekosistem lamun yang berbeda-beda di Perairan Pulau Bintan diduga dapat berpengaruh terhadap asosiasi bivalvia pada ekosistem lamun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur ekosistem lamun dan mempelajari struktur asosiasi bivalvia pada beberapa ekosistem lamun di Pesisir Pulau Bintan. Terdapat 4 stasiun pengamatan yang diamati pada penelitian ini. Penentuan lokasi penelitian berdasarkan keterwakilan sebaran ekosistem lamun di Pulau Bintan, dengan kondisi tutupan lamun yang berbeda, yaitu meliputi: Dompak, Pengudang, Teluk Bakau dan Pengujan. Metode sampling menggunakan transek kuadrat yang dipadukan dengan 3 buah transek garis sepanjang 100 m ke arah laut. Diperoleh 7 jenis lamun yang tersebar di 4 lokasi penelitian. Tutupan lamun tertinggi terdapat di Pesisir Pengudang dengan nilai tutupan sebesar 66.1%. Ditemukan 28 spesies bivalvia dengan nilai kepadatan tertinggi yaitu Gafrarium pectinatum. Hasil analisis PCA menunjukkan bahwa tutupan lamun memiliki keterikatan dengan kepadatan bivalvia. Beberapa bivalvia memiliki kecenderungan untuk hidup pada vegetasi lamun tertentu. Seagrass ecosystems have a close relationship with the existence of bivalves. The different structural conditions of the seagrass ecosystem in the waters of Bintan Island are thought to influence the association of bivalves in the seagrass ecosystem. This study aims to describe the structure of seagrass ecosystems and study the structure of bivalve associations in several seagrass ecosystems on the coast of Bintan Island. There are four observation stations observed in this study. The determination of the research location was based on the representation of the distribution of seagrass ecosystems on Bintan Island, with different seagrass cover conditions, including: Dompak, Pengudang, Bakau Bay and Pengujan. The sampling method uses a quadratic transect combined with 3 line transects along 100 m seaward, obtaining 7 types of seagrasses scattered in 4 research locations. The highest seagrass cover was found in Pengudang Coastal Area, with a cover value of 66.1%. Found 28 species of bivalves with the highest density value, namely Gafrium pectinatum. PCA analysis results show that seagrass cover has an attachment to the density of bivalves. Some bivalves tend to live on specific seagrass vegetation.
Phylogenetic Relationships of Isognomon (Lightfoot, 1786) Oysters from North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Wullur Stenly , Rumampuk Natalie Detty , Tilaar Sandra Olivia , Tindi Monalisa , Smolak Radoslav 
Published: February 2024

The Isognomon (Lightfoot, 1786) is a genus of oysters found in various coastal ecosystems throughout the world. Along with other bivalves, it performs significant ecological functions in marine ecosystems by providing food and habitat for fish and invertebrate habitats, filtering water, and protecting shorelines. Taxonomic classification of the Isognomon oyster can be challenging due to the varied or cryptic phenotypic characters, particularly shell characters. In this study, two specimens with different shell characters of Isognomon oyster were collected from mangrove waters in Likupang, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, and subjected to molecular analysis to determine their identity. The mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was utilized as a primer for this purpose, and the genetic distance and phylogenetic position of the two specimens were determined by comparing them with the GenBank database. The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) revealed that the two specimens were of belonged to Isognomon ephippium, with a similarity of 99.84%. The genetic distance between the two specimens was calculated using the Tamura Nei model and found to be 0.00, while the genetic distance between I. ephippium and other species in the Isognomon genus ranged from 0.00 to 0.14. The results of the Neighbor Joining (NJ) tree analyses showed that the two specimens clustered together with I. ephippium, which was divided into two distinct clades with a strong bootstrap value of 100 at the node
Potential of Shells as a Source of Calcium
Authors: Suprijanto Jusup , Widowati Ita 
Published: February 2024

Shellfish are also known as by-products, namely production results that are not utilized or not consumed, where the value of this by-product can be increased/added through a process known as Reduce-Reuse and Recycle (3R). This research aims to determine the potential of shellfish as a source of calcium. Samples of clams (Paphia undulata), blood clams (Tegillarca granosa), and Asian Moon Scallop (Amusium pleuronectes) were obtained from Tambak Lorok Fish Auction Place, Semarang; then taken to the Marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro to have the shells, and air dry until dry after drying the shell. Calcium and mineral content were analyzed using the XRF method at the Integrated Laboratory, Universitas Diponegoro. The results of the study showed that the calcium (CaO) content of the three shellfish was the lowest in the clam (P. undulata) at 45.79%, then the Asian moon Scallop (A. pleuronectes) at 45.89%, and the highest in the blood cockle T. granosa namely 92.41%. It can be concluded that the shells of clams, blood clams, and Asian Moon Scallops contain high levels of calcium and minerals, which have the potential to be used as an additional ingredient in concrete/paving blocks and fish feed.
Of Phylogenies and Tumors
Authors: Babaian Caryn , Kumar Sudhir 
Published: February 2024

When students think of evolution, they might imagine T. rex, or perhaps an abiotic scene of sizzling electrical storms and harsh reducing atmospheres, an Earth that looks like a lunar landscape. Natural selection automatically elicits responses that include “survival of the fittest,” and “descent with modification,” and with these historical biological catch phrases, one conjures up images of large animals battling it out on the Mesozoic plane. Rarely do teachers or students apply these same ideas to cancer and the evolution of somatic cells, which have accrued mutations and epigenetic imprinting and relentlessly survive and proliferate. Our questions in this paper include the following: Can cancer become an important teaching model for students to explore fundamental hypotheses about evolutionary process? Can the multi- step somatic cancer model encourage visualizations that enable students to revisit and reenter previous primary concepts in general biology such as the cell, mitosis, chromosomes, genetic diversity, ecological diversity, immune function, and of course evolution, continually integrating their biology knowledge into process and pattern knowledge? Can the somatic cancer model expose similar patterns and protagonists, linking Darwinian observations of the natural world to our body? And, can the cancer clone model excite critical thinking and student hypotheses about what cancer is as a biological process? Does this visually simple model assist students in recognizing patterns, connecting their biological curriculum dots into a more coherent learning experience? These biological dynamics and intercepting aptitudes of cells are amplified through the cancer model and can help shape the way biology students begin to appreciate the interrelatedness of all biological systems while they continue to explore pivotal points of biological fuzziness, such as the microbiome, limitations of models, and the complex coordination of genomic networks required for the function of even a single cell and the realization of phenotypes.
In this paper we use clonal evolution of cancer as a model experience for students to recreate how a single, non-germline cell appears to shadow the classic pattern of natural selection in body cells that have gone awry. With authentic STEAM activities students can easily crossover and revisit previous biological topics and the ubiquitous nature of natural selection as seen in the example of somatic cells that result in a metastasizing tumor, giving students insight into natural selection’s accommodating and tractable patterns throughout the planet.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФАЗОВИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЕНЬ АУСТЕНІТНОЇ СТАЛІ МЕТОДОМ МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО ПЛАНУВАННЯ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТУ В ПРОЦЕСІ СТАРІННЯ
Authors: Божко С.А. , Санін А.Ф. 
Published: February 2024

Анотація. Досліджені процеси структуроутворення в аустенітній сталі. На прикладі закономірностей фазових перетворень обґрунтована можливість значного скорочення матеріальних витрат на отримання експериментальних залежностей механічних властивостей від режимів термічної обробки. Побудовані адекватні математичні моделі фізичних процесів при старінні сталі. Для побудови моделей використані три різних метода: метод обробки експериментальних результатів кубічним сплайном VDSP3; метод обробки з використанням математичного пакету функціонального програмування WolframMathematica; і метод симплекс планів Шеффе. Порівняльний аналіз зазначених способів математичної обробки показав придатність і можливість їх використання для візуалізації процесів старіння сталей. Обчислені коефіцієнти поліномів другого, неповного четвертого та четвертого ступеня і критерії Стьюдента. Визначені довірчі інтервали розрахунків значень механічних властивостей сталі. Встановлена і проаналізована стадійність фазових перетворень при ізотермічній витримці. Старіння відбувається у три стадії: на першій розвиваються процеси зміцнення, за рахунок формування сегрегацій передвиділення зміцнюючої фази; на другій стаді відбувається максимальне зміцнення, формуються частки зміцнюючої фази, які когерентно пов’язані з аустенітною матрицею; на третій стадії, за рахунок активізації дифузійних процесів і перерозподілу легуючих елементів відбувається перестарення, яке призводить до зниження міцності сталі і підвищення ударної в’язкості. Визначені температурно-часові інтервали кожної стадії старіння. Побудовані геометричні моделі у вигляді контурних карт ізоліній твердості і ударної в’язкості, за якими досить просто назначати режими термічної оброки для досягнення потрібного комплексу механічних властивостей. Розроблені практичні рекомендації щодо отримання потрібного комплексу механічних властивостей аустенітної сталі.
АНАЛІЗ МЕТОДІВ І МОДЕЛЕЙ РУХУ РАКЕТО-НОСІЇВ НА АКТИВНІЙ ДІЛЬНИЦІ
Authors: Кеба Р.А. , Кулабухов А.М. 
Published: February 2024

Анотація. Ракето-носії (РН) є основними засобами виведення космічних апаратів (КА) на орбіти і доставки бойових частин на територію супротивника. Незважаючи на те, що існує багато методів і моделей виведення космічних апаратів (КА) на навколоземні орбіти, досі актуальними залишаються питання ефективності програми запуску з погляду таких критеріїв як максимізація корисного навантаження, мінімізація витрат пального, можливість кластерного виведення супутників, точність попадання бойових частин на територію супротивника та ін.Практичний досвід показує, що під час виведення КА на орбіту точність виведення по висоті становить 20-30 км, а точність забезпечення кінцевої швидкості на активній ділянці сягає 100-200 м/с, що впливає на відхилення орбіт КА від планових. Одночасне поліпшення точності виведення КА на орбіту за координатами і за швидкістю досі є важливим завданням.Розглядаються математичні моделі і методи виводу КА на кругові орбіти Землі, а також критерії і методи оптимізацію руху РН на активній ділянці. Проведено аналітичний огляд методів і моделей, які використовуються для дослідження руху РН на активній дільниці траєкторії руху, а також критерії, які використовуються для оптимізації руху. Здійснено класифікацію цих методів та моделей, яка може бути використана для створення більш ефективних програм руху РН на активній ділянці траєкторії польоту. Створена класифікація дозволяє більш системно і зважено підійти до вибору та реалізації моделі руху РН, на основі якої далі буде проводитися оптимізація програми тангажу. Розглянутий підхідвирішення задачі виводу РН на задану висоту з заданим напрямком та величиною швидкості. Наводиться обрана математична модель опису руху РН на активній дільниці для проведення досліджень, а також програмні продукти, які плануються використати для рішення задачі.
Dietary iron intake aggravates dyslipidaemia by elevating ferritin levels in patients with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bayram B. , Türker P.F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDietary iron intake causes the elevation of ferritin levels, and higher iron intake might improve insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary iron intake and serum ferritin levels, insulin resistance, and nutritional status in patients with cardiovascular disease. Health information of individuals were obtained with a questionnaire form. There were a total of 103 patients, 59 male (57.3%) and 44 female (42.7%). Patients also filled a questionnaire on dietary habits, a 3-day food record. There was a statistically significant difference between ferritin quartiles and total cholesterol, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and TG/HDL-C ratio (P < 0.05). Study data show that dietary iron intake was associated with the elevation of serum ferritin levels (P < 0.05) and this difference was significant in Q1 and Q4 groups in post-hoc analysis. There was a negative correlation between serum ferritin levels and total cholesterol and HDL-C in patients with insulin resistance (r = −0.384, P < 0.05; r = −0.520, P < 0.05). In conclusion we found a strong association between serum ferritin levels and inflammation, causing an oxidative stress, atherosclerosis, and bringing along cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 DM.
Inelastic neutron scattering: A unique tool to study hydrogen in materials
Authors: Ramirez-Cuesta Anibal , Balderas Xicohtencatl Rafael , Cheng Yongqiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectroscopy can measure the vibrational spectra of materials on the whole range of vibrational motions (0–4400 cm$$^{-1}$$

-
1

) and effectively open up the field of neutron spectroscopy. Unlike optical spectroscopy, INS is a technique mainly used to study hydrogen-containing materials due to the high cross section of hydrogen and the lack of selection rules. The VISION spectrometer at the SNS in Oak Ridge National Laboratory has a flux at low energy transfers up to 40 times over its predecessors and has unprecedented sensitivity. Neutrons penetrate easily through materials, metals in particular, making complex sample environments and gas dosing relatively easy. Comparison of the INS spectra with computer models is rigorous and necessary to interpret INS data. This paper presents examples of the technique’s unique capabilities for studying metal hydrides and molecular hydrogen in confinement.
Graphical abstract