bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment patterns and trajectories in patients after acute heart failure hospitalization
Authors: Nakamaru Ryo , Shiraishi Yasuyuki , Kohno Takashi , Nagatomo Yuji , Akiyama Hiroki , Motoya Yuki , Fukui Masato , Yajima Toshitaka , Yoshikawa Tsutomu , Kohsaka Shun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsThe trajectories of systolic function after admission for acute heart failure (HF) and their effect on clinical outcomes have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to assess changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between the index and 1 year after discharge and to examine their prognostic implications.Methods and resultsWe extracted data from a prospective multicentre registry of patients hospitalized for acute HF and identified 1636 patients with LVEF data at admission and 1 year after discharge. We categorized them into five groups based on LVEF changes: HF with unchanged‐preserved EF [HFunc‐pEF (EF ≥ 50%); N = 527, 32.2%], unchanged‐mildly reduced EF [HFunc‐mrEF (EF 41–49%); N = 86, 5.3%], unchanged‐reduced EF [HFunc‐rEF (EF ≤ 40%); N = 377, 23.0%], worsened EF (HFworEF; N = 83, 5.1%), and improved EF (HFimpEF; N = 563, 34.4%). We then evaluated the subsequent composite outcome of cardiovascular death and HF readmission. During 1 year after discharge, 53% of patients with HF with reduced EF and 67% of those with HF with mildly reduced EF (HFmrEF) transitioned to other categories, whereas 92% of those with HF with preserved EF (HFpEF) remained within the same category. Patients with HFimpEF were more likely to be younger and had relatively preserved renal function, whereas those with HFworEF were the oldest and had more comorbidities among the five groups. After multivariable adjustment, patients with HFimpEF and HFunc‐pEF had a lower risk for composite outcomes when referenced to patients with HFunc‐rEF [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), P‐value: 0.28 (0.16–0.49), P < 0.001, and 0.40 (0.25–0.63), P < 0.001, respectively]. Conversely, patients with HFunc‐mrEF and HFworEF had a comparable risk [0.44 (0.18–1.07), P = 0.07, and 0.63 (0.29–1.39), P = 0.26, respectively].ConclusionsA substantial number of patients with HF experienced transitions to other categories after discharge. Notably, patients with decreased EF experienced a worse prognosis, even with slight decreases (e.g. HFpEF transitioning to HFmrEF). These findings emphasize the significance of longitudinal assessments of systolic function to better manage patients following acute decompensation.
PIFA/Ar2Te2‐Mediated Synthesis of 3‐Aryltelluroindoles via Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐Alkynylanilines
Authors: Zhang Jianing , Yu Zhenyang , Shi Haofeng , Xu Lingzhi , Song Yixuan , Du Yunfei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe reaction of 2‐alkynylanilines with phenyliodonium bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA) and diaryl ditellurides was found to conveniently afford the corresponding 3‐aryltelluroindoles via oxidative cyclization/tellurolation. A plausible mechanism involving the in situ formation of the reactive ArTeOCOCF3 from the reaction of PIFA and diaryl ditellurides, and the subsequent oxidative C−N/C−Te bond formations was postulated.
Enhancing optical character recognition: Efficient techniques for document layout analysis and text line detection
Authors: Fateh Amirreza , Fateh Mansoor , Abolghasemi Vahid 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, automatic document and text analysis has gained significant importance, driven by advancements in optical character recognition (OCR) technology and the need for efficient processing of large volumes of printed or handwritten documents. This article specifically focuses on document layout analysis (DLA) and text line detection (TLD), both of which are crucial components of OCR systems. Our objective is to develop an effective method for extracting both textual and non‐textual regions, addressing challenges unique to the Persian (and Persian‐like) language(s). In the DLA stage, we employ deep learning models and a voting system to accurately determine the regions of interest. Additionally, we introduce methods such as optimum font size concepts, angle correction, and a line curvature elimination algorithm in the TLD process to enhance OCR accuracy. Comparative evaluations against state‐of‐the‐art methods demonstrate the superiority of our approach, showcasing a 2.8% improvement in the accuracy of Tesseract‐OCR 5.1.0 (a well‐established commercial OCR system) on the official Iranian newspapers dataset. These findings underscore the importance of addressing DLA and TLD challenges to advance OCR technology for Persian language documents and provide a solid foundation for future research in this domain.
Late infantile epileptic encephalopathy: A distinct developmental and epileptic encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Kacker Shawn , Phitsanuwong Chalongchai , Oetomo Audrey , Nordli Douglas R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveWithin the spectrum of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE), there are a group of infants with features that are distinct from the well‐recognized syndromes of early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (EIDEE), infantile epileptic spasm syndrome (IESS), and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS). We refer to this condition as late infantile epileptic encephalopathy (LIEE). Our objective was to highlight the characteristics of this group by analyzing patients who exhibit prototypical features.MethodsFrom July 2022 to May 2023, we searched for LIEE features in pediatric patients who underwent epilepsy follow‐up at the University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital.ResultsOut of 850 patients evaluated, thirty patients (3.5%) were identified with LIEE based on electroclinical characteristics. These patients had an average onset of epilepsy at 6.8 months and an average onset of LIEE features at 18.1 months. The epilepsy etiology was most commonly genetic and metabolic (50%), followed by congenital cortical malformations (23%), acquired structural abnormalities (20%), and unknown (7%). The predominant seizure types were myoclonic–tonic (70%), spasm–tonic (50%), epileptic spasms (47%), tonic (43%), and myoclonic (43%) seizures. All patients reported a history of either spasm–tonic or myoclonic–tonic seizures in addition to other types. All patients had EEGs showing discontinuity, electrodecrements, or both along with diffuse slowing, background voltages between 100 and 300 μV, and superimposed multifocal, diffuse epileptiform discharges. Every patient, except one, fulfilled the definition of drug‐resistant epilepsy, and all reported either moderate‐to‐severe or severe developmental delay.SignificanceLate infantile epileptic encephalopathy (LIEE) is characterized by several unique clinical and electrographic features. Typically, LIEE manifests in patients during the second year of life and occurs before two years of age, hence late infantile onset. The condition is commonly observed in infants with symptomatic epilepsy. Myoclonic–tonic and spasm–tonic seizures are the quintessential seizure types. The inter‐ictal EEG exhibits more organization and lower voltages than seen with hypsarrhythmia and lacks the defining EEG characteristics of EIDEE, IESS, or LGS. We propose that LIEE is a distinct electroclinical syndrome within the spectrum of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.
Blessed be intelligent assistance systems at high task rotation? The effect on motivational work design in assembly
Authors: Walczok Marvin , Bipp Tanja 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe aimed to provide causal evidence on the contradictory effects of projection‐based intelligent assistance systems (IASs) for nine motivational work characteristics (MWCs). IASs are increasingly implemented in assembly to counteract rising cognitive workload due to individualized manufacturing processes. However, how IASs enhance or restrict MWCs is largely unknown. We conducted two studies with experimental vignette methodology. In Study 1 (N1 = 169 German employees), we manipulated an assembly workplace (with IAS vs. without IAS) and tested whether findings indicating only positive effects of IASs in the support of a simple assembly process can be transferred to more complex assembly processes. In Study 2 (N2 = 176 German employees), we manipulated again the assembly workplace (with IAS vs. without IAS) and in addition the dynamic of product changes (task rotation after 1 h vs. no task rotation). Analyzing the data with SPSS 27, we found increased feedback from job and information processing and decreased work scheduling, decision‐making, and work methods autonomy when working with IAS. In Study 2, we did not find the main or interaction effects of task rotation on MWCs. Our experimental evidence suggests that working with IASs represents a double‐edged sword regarding MWCs and that the effect of task rotation is limited. Hence, our results provide vital theoretical implications for a much‐needed work design theory that delineates how new technologies shape work design and practical implications for modern assembly.
Yarning to reduce take own leave events in First Nations patients presenting to the Emergency Department‐presenting the qualitative themes and co‐design of the Deadly RED project
Authors: Davison Michelle , Chan Jason , Clarke Meg , Mitchell Caroline , Yan Alan , Henaway Elwyn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedThe Deadly RED redesign and implementation research aimed to improve take own leave (TOL) rates within a Queensland emergency department by providing a culturally competent care pathway.MethodologyA mixed methods pre/post evaluation of the feasibility, acceptability and usability of the Deadly RED pathway for First Nations patients presenting to ED was performed. This pathway combined early welcome and information sharing, introduction of screening and follow up for patients who TOL and enhanced access to alternative community healthcare. Yarning circles facilitated co‐design of research protocols and tools while a purposefully designed research Yarn enhanced understanding of the ‘story’ of the people. Qualitative analysis of Yarns allowed deductive themes to be extracted. A Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach and Indigenous research methodology involving First Nations people in design, knowledge sharing and joint ownership of results was used.ResultsCommon themes from the 85 yarns included the negative impact of long waiting times and positive impact from wholistic care. Unique themes identified included interpretation of waiting room placement and paracetamol prescription as a dismissal. Knowledge dissemination from yarning drove improvements in communications and processes to promote treatment completion resulting in elimination of these themes in post implementation yarns. Eighteen patients who had TOL were included in the post implementation yarns, however only eight of these believed that their treatment was incomplete.ConclusionThe use of yarning for consumer engagement has allowed deeper understanding of the reasons for TOL in First Nations emergency patients. The reciprocal knowledge sharing has guided targeted improvements in wholistic emergency care and communication resulting in First Nations patients feeling their care is complete even when the ‘number’ reports otherwise.So What?Indigenous Research methodology including yarning with First Nations patients suggests alternative engagement methods to guide enhanced quality of care monitoring for ED presentations.
Unveiling the sleep‐cardiovascular connection: Novel perspectives and interventions—A narrative review
Authors: Berjaoui Christin , Tesfasilassie Kibrom Bethlehem , Ghayyad Mohammad , Joumaa Safaa , Talal Al Labban Nihal , Nazir Abubakar , Kachouh Charbel , Akanmu Moradeyo Abdulrahmon , Wojtara Magda , Uwishema Olivier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionSleep is an important neurophysiological condition that is intricately linked to general health, laying the basis for both physiological and psychological well‐being. A thorough examination of sleep disorders and cardiovascular health demonstrates their deep relationship, emphasizing the numerous diagnostic tools and treatment techniques available.AimThis study aims to examine the impact, mechanisms, diagnostic techniques, treatment strategies, implications, and healthcare interventions of the sleep‐cardiovascular connection, to better understand the relationship between sleep disorders and cardiovascular health.MethodsThe paper reviews key studies conducted from 2015‐till date, investigating the impact of sleep disorders on the cardiovascular system. It looked into data relating to cardiovascular outcomes based on the degree of sleep disorders, considered potential confounding factors, and addressed current research constraints.ResultsThe findings highlight a strong link between sleep problems and poor cardiovascular outcomes. Emerging diagnostic tools, such as enhanced sleep‐related technology and biomarkers, open up new avenues for determining the impact of sleep disturbances on cardiovascular health. In addition, the research discusses several treatment options, ranging from cognitive behavioral therapy to pharmaceutical therapies, and their potential benefits in addressing sleep‐related cardiovascular risks.ConclusionThe complex association between sleep disturbances and cardiovascular health emphasizes the need to recognize sleep as a critical component of overall well‐being. Thus collaboration among medical disciplines, as well as individualized therapies, are critical to improving patient care. Moreover, Understanding and managing the consequences of sleep problems on cardiovascular health can lead to more effective interventions, better outcomes, and improved public health as research advances.
Online gaming and its effect on academic performance of Bangladeshi university students: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mahmud Shohel , Jobayer Md. Abdullah A. , Salma Nahid , Mahmud Anis , Tamanna Tanzila 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsDue to the availability of more sophisticated cell phones with top‐notch gaming functions, the present generation is more active. The available literature indicates that adolescents experience a variety of psychological issues, like low self‐control brought on by an addiction to mobile games. Because of this, the aim of this study is to control the prevalence of, and factors that contribute to, online gaming addiction and its effects on academic performance in Bangladeshi university students.MethodsConvenient sampling was adopted to collect primary data from 399 Bangladeshi university students utilizing a prestructured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, the χ2 test, binary logistic regression, and multinomial logistic regression were also used to accomplish the study's objective.ResultsAccording to this study, 62.7% of students play online games over 30 h every week. The findings also show that male students are more inclined than female students to show signs of addiction. Also, regular online gaming can result in long‐term problems, and that factor including age, internet access, educational background, and frequency of play can influence the likelihood of these problems. The findings shows that a lower cumulative grade point average (CGPA), less physical activity, and less study time are associated with playing online games for at least 30 h per week. Moreover, the study found that playing online games, playing for long time, and skipping class can all have an adverse effect on a student's academic performance.ConclusionsThe authors recommend that the authorities set up a good entertainment environment and take into account the findings of this article to discourage students from playing online games. Furthermore, encouragement of extracurricular activities such as sports or other pursuits is also essential in assisting Bangladeshi students in overcoming their addiction to mobile games.
Urosymphyseal fistula development following treatment for radiation‐induced urethral stenosis in three patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Takekawa Kazuki , Horiguchi Akio , Ojima Kenichiro , Shinchi Masayuki , Hirano Yusuke , Furukawa Yoshiyuki , Ito Keiichi , Azuma Ryuichi 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionUrosymphyseal fistula is a rare and devastating complication that develops after radiation therapy for prostate cancer and is often triggered by the treatment of radiation‐induced urethral stenosis. Here, we report our experience with urosymphyseal fistulas in three patients with prostate cancer.Case presentationThree patients with prostate cancer developed urethral stenosis after radiotherapy. The management of urethral stenosis was suprapubic tube placement in case 1, direct vision internal urethrotomy in case 2, and excision with primary anastomosis in case 3. All patients presented with severe suprapubic or thigh pain or both. Urosymphyseal fistulas were detected on magnetic resonance imaging. Conservative treatment was unsuccessful, and all patients required debridement of the necrotic pubic symphysis and simple cystectomy. In cases 1 and 2, ileal conduit urinary diversion was performed.ConclusionUrologists need to be aware that urosymphyseal fistulas can occur in irradiated patients with prostate cancer, especially after urethral stenosis treatment.
An assessment of local community engagement in wildlife conservation: A case study of the Save Valley Conservancy, South Eastern Zimbabwe
Authors: Dhliwayo Itai , Muboko Never , Matseketsa Given , Gandiwa Edson 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn southern Africa, human and wildlife interactions have significantly increased over the past decade, resulting in complex conservation conflicts. As humans and wildlife share space, stakeholder engagement becomes a critical component of wildlife management and transformative conservation. We analysed the conservation conflicts in the Save Valley Conservancy (SVC) in south‐eastern Zimbabwe. Data were collected between April and May 2020 through focus group discussions and interviews with purposively sampled informants. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were adopted in this study. The results revealed that the absence of an effective, inclusive, integrated multi‐cross‐sectional stakeholder engagement plan is a primary contributing factor to conservation conflicts in the SVC. In conclusion, our study found that community participation in land use decision‐making is limited within the SVC, and this is a general lack of consensus among the community members on viable land use options. This study proposes an integrated, cross‐sectional stakeholder working framework that not only informs conservation practitioners but also fully addresses the prevailing conservation conflict scenarios. These conflicts emanate from the exclusion of humans from protected areas and the encroachment of wildlife in human settlements.
Do revisions improve agricultural baselines?
Authors: Katchova Ani L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLong‐term agricultural baseline projections are revised annually to incorporate new information. We evaluate the effectiveness of the US Department of Agriculture and Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute crops and farm income baseline revisions to inform policymakers. The revisions are effective in improving the baseline projections in comparison to the initial projections, but they do not outperform the naïve projections. Upward revisions are found to be more effective than downward revisions. We find evidence of predictability and therefore a violation of weak efficiency for the revisions, which results from information rigidity for the crop variables and from information rigidity and strategic smoothing for the farm income variables.
Circular RNA: A new expectation for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Xie Qiao , Ma Yun , Ren Zhong , Gu Tianhe , Jiang Zhisheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCircular RNA (circRNA) is a class of RNA with the 5' and 3' ends connected covalently to form a closed loop structure and characterized by high stability, conserved sequences and tissue specificity, which is caused by special reverse splicing methods. Currently, it has become a hot spot for research. With the discovery of its powerful regulatory functions and roles, the molecular mechanisms and future value of circRNA in participating in and regulating biological and pathological processes are becoming increasingly apparent. Among them is the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Many studies have elucidated that circRNA plays a crucial role in the development and progression of CVDs. Therefore, circRNA shows its advantages and brilliant expectations in the field of CVDs. In this review, we describe the biogenesis, bioinformatics detection and function of circRNA and discuss the role of circRNA and its effects on CVDs, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac senescence, pulmonary hypertension, and diabetic cardiomyopathy by different mechanisms. That shows circRNA advantages and brilliant expectations in the field of CVDs.
A Retrospective Analysis of Intravenous Insulin versus Insulin and Nebulized Albuterol for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia in the Emergency Department
Authors: Roach Sara N. , Fletcher Meghan L. , Sarangarm Preeyaporn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere is limited literature evaluating the use of nebulized albuterol in the management of hyperkalemia. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of insulin alone compared with the addition of nebulized albuterol for the treatment of hyperkalemia. This is a retrospective, single‐center evaluation of adult patients with hyperkalemia attending the Emergency Department of a large urban academic medical center. Consecutive patients with a potassium level of >5 mmol/L were included. Patients without a repeat potassium level within 4 hours of medication administration, those receiving hemodialysis before a repeat serum potassium, or those that had a hemolyzed blood sample were excluded. The primary outcome was the change in potassium level within 4 hours in patients who received insulin monotherapy versus patients who received insulin and albuterol. The secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality. Out of the 204 patients, 141 received insulin, whereas 63 received insulin and nebulized albuterol. There was no difference in the change in potassium level between the insulin and the insulin and nebulized albuterol groups (0.85 ± 0.6 vs 0.96 ± 0.78 mmol/L; P = .36). There was no difference in median hospital length of stay (8.6 days, IQR 13.2 days, vs 5.6 days, IQR 8.2 days; P = .09), ICU admission (31.9% vs 38.1%; P = .39), and all‐cause mortality (14.9% vs 17.5%; P = .64). In this retrospective analysis, the addition of albuterol to insulin for the treatment of hyperkalemia did not result in a greater change in potassium level within 4 hours of therapy.