bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing long-term outcomes in fibrotic interstitial lung disease (F-ILD) diagnosed through multidisciplinary discussion (MDD): a prospective cohort study
Authors: Liao Yu-Wan , Liu Ming-Cheng , Wu Yu-Cheng , Hsu Chiann-Yi , Huang Wen-Nan , Chen Yi-Hsing , Fu Pin-Kuei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The diagnostic process for fibrotic interstitial lung disease (F-ILD) is notably intricate, necessitating a multidisciplinary discussion to achieve consensus based on both clinical and radiological features. This study investigated the shared and distinctive long-term mortality predictors among the two primary phenotypes of F-ILD, namely idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD).

Methods
We included patients with F-ILD diagnosed from December 2018 to December 2019 and conducted follow-up assessments until February 2023. Age, gender, usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern, gender–age–physiology (GAP) score, modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea score, antifibrotic agent use, pulmonary function test parameters, and six-minute walking test (6MWT) parameters were recorded at baseline and used as mortality predictors in a multivariate Cox regression model.

Results
We enrolled 104 ILD patients. The survival rate of non-IPF patients was more than twice that of IPF patients (78.9% vs. 34%, p < 0.001), and the survival rate of patients with a GAP score of 0–2 was more than twice that of patients with a score of > 2 (93.2% vs. 36.6%, p < 0.001). Older age, male gender, definite UIP pattern, higher GAP score, higher mMRC dyspnea score, lower forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), shorter 6MWT distance, and lower initial and final SpO2 were also associated with higher long-term mortality (p < 0.05). In multivariable analysis, only a GAP score of > 2 (hazard ratio [HR]:16.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.28–85.14; p = 0.001) and definite UIP pattern (HR: 4.08; 95% CI 1.07–15.5; p = 0.039) were significantly associated with overall mortality.

Conclusion
The long-term mortality rate of IPF patients was higher than that of CTD-ILD patients. The GAP score and UIP patterns were significant mortality predictors for both IPF and CTD-ILD patients.
Experimental seismic crosshole setup to investigate the application of rock-physical models at the field scale
Authors: Birnstengel Susann , Dietrich Peter , Peisker Kilian , Pohle Marco , Hornbruch Götz , Bauer Sebastian , Hu Linwei , Günther Thomas , Hellwig Olaf , Dahmke Andreas , Werban Ulrike 
Published: January 2024

Seismic crosshole techniques are powerful tools to characterize the properties of near-surface aquifers. Knowledge of rock-physical relations at the field scale is essential for interpreting geophysical measurements. However, it remains difficult to extend the results of existing laboratory studies to the field scale due to the usage of different frequency ranges. To address this, we develop an experimental layout that successfully determines the dependency of gas saturation on seismic properties. Integrating geophysical measurements into a hydrogeologic research question allows us to prove the applicability of theoretical rock-physical concepts at the field scale, filling a gap in the discipline of hydrogeophysics. We use crosshole seismics to perform a time-lapse study on a gas injection experiment at the TestUM test site. With a controlled two-day gaseous [Formula: see text] injection at a depth of 17.5 m, we monitor the alteration of water saturation in the sediments over a period of 12 months, encompassing an observational depth of 8–13 m. The investigation contains an initial P-wave simulation followed by a data-based P-wave velocity analysis. Subsequently, we discuss different approaches to quantifying gas content changes by comparing Gassmann’s equation and the time-average relation. With the idea of patchy saturation, we discover that analyzing P-wave velocities in the subsurface is a suitable method for our experiment, resulting in a measurement accuracy of 0.2 vol%. We determine that our seismic crosshole setup is able to describe the relation of the rock’s elastic parameter on modified fluid properties at the field scale. With this method, we are able to quantify the relative water content changes in the subsurface.
The Clinical Impact of Sample Storage at −20 °C on Renin Reference Intervals and Aldosterone–Renin Ratio Calculations
Authors: Özcan Ömer , Hillebrand Jacquelien J , den Elzen Wendy , Heijboer Annemieke C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cryoactivation is known to occur in whole blood and plasma samples when kept between +4 and −5 °C, leading to falsely high renin concentrations. In 2022 it has been clearly shown that cryoactivation can also occur in samples stored at −20 °C. Based on these new findings, here we discuss how this can influence the clinical diagnosis of patients. First, we show that storage of renin plasma samples can affect the renin measurements and thereby the aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR) calculation, which might explain the high intraindividual variability in ARR also recently demonstrated. Second, we discuss the existing studies on the establishment of renin reference intervals and note the lack of attention given to this recently revealed preanalytical condition. Our literature review of the reference intervals for renin suggest that cryoactivation might have influenced the published data.
lnc RNA LOC102163816 Promotes Proliferation of Porcine Follicular Granulosa Cells Via miR-455-3p/PTK2B/PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Shen Caomeihui , Chen Tong , He Guitian , Liu Kening , Cao Maosheng , Yuan Chenfeng , Zhang Boqi , Chen Xue , Chen Lu , Luo Yuxin , Wang Yueying , Zhou Xu , Li Chunjin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells (GCs) is a crucial process in follicular development. However, the molecular regulatory mechanism of follicular proliferation and differentiation of GCs needs further research. Studies have reported that follicular fluid exosomes are involved in regulation of proliferation of GCs, but the specific mechanism is unclear. This study demonstrated that LOC102163816 is upregulated in porcine GCs treated with follicular fluid exosomes. Further study defined LOC102163816 to be a novel long noncoding RNA that is highly homologous to human metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and enriched in porcine follicular fluid exosomes. We have speculated that LOC102163816 might have a cell-proliferative effect similar to that of MALAT1. We found that overexpression of LOC102163816 promoted transition from the G1 phase to the S phase of the cell cycle, thereby promoting proliferation of GCs. To explore the specific mechanism underlying this promotion of proliferation, miRNA sequencing was performed after overexpression of LOC102163816. Our results showed that LOC102163816 sponged miR-455-3p, promoting expression of protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta (PTK2B), thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to regulate proliferation of porcine follicular GCs. These findings provide useful insights into follicular development.
A Novel Approach for Free, Affordable, and Sustainable Microsurgery Laboratory Training for Low- and Middle-Income Countries: University of Wisconsin-Madison Microneurosurgery Laboratory Experience
Authors: Keles Abdullah , Cancela Alberto Acitores , Moussalem Charbel K. , Kessely Yannick Canton , Malazonia Zviad , Shah Jayunkumar M. , Gurbuz Mehmet Sabri , Gasimov Turab , Adekanmbi Adefisayo , Bari Mohammad Shahnawaz , Dumot Chloe , Oriola Guillermo Garcia , Golidtum Jared Paul U. , Bin Mohd Nor Mohd Aidil , Omar Ahmed Hussein , Ozaydin Burak , Patel Nirav J. , Dempsey Robert J. , Baskaya Mustafa K. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), approximately 5 million essential neurosurgical operations per year remain unaddressed. When compared with high-income countries, one of the reasons for this disparity is the lack of microsurgery training laboratories and neurosurgeons trained in microsurgical techniques. In 2020, we founded the Madison Microneurosurgery Initiative to provide no-cost, accessible, and sustainable microsurgery training opportunities to health care professionals from LMICs in their respective countries.

METHODS:
We initially focused on enhancing our expertise in microsurgery laboratory training requirements. Subsequently, we procured a wide range of stereo microscopes, light sources, and surgical instrument sets, aiming to develop affordable, high-quality, and long-lasting microsurgery training kits. We then donated those kits to neurosurgeons across LMICs. After successfully delivering the kits to designated locations in LMICs, we have planned to initiate microsurgery laboratory training in these centers by providing a combination of live-streamed, offline, and in-person training assistance in their institutions.

RESULTS:
We established basic microsurgery laboratory training centers in 28 institutions across 18 LMICs. This was made possible through donations of 57 microsurgery training kits, including 57 stereo microscopes, 2 surgical microscopes, and several advanced surgical instrument sets. Thereafter, we organized 10 live-streamed microanastomosis training sessions in 4 countries: Lebanon, Paraguay, Türkiye, and Bangladesh. Along with distributing the recordings from our live-streamed training sessions with these centers, we also granted them access to our microsurgery training resource library. We thus equipped these institutions with the necessary resources to enable continued learning and hands-on training. Moreover, we organized 7 in-person no-cost hands-on microanastomosis courses in different institutions across Türkiye, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Paraguay. A total of 113 surgical specialists successfully completed these courses.

CONCLUSION:
Our novel approach of providing microsurgery training kits in combination with live-streamed, offline, and in-person training assistance enables sustainable microsurgery laboratory training in LMICs.
Admitting Hospital Influences on Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision for Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Malhotra Armaan K , Shakil Husain , Smith Christopher W. , Mathieu Francois , Merali Zamir , Jaffe Rachael H. , Harrington Erin M. , He Yingshi , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Ladha Karim , Wilson Jefferson R. , Nathens Avery B. , Witiw Christopher D. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is complex, with a paucity of standardized guidelines. We aimed to assess the variability in WLST practices between trauma centers in North America.

METHODS:
This retrospective study used data from trauma centers through the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program between 2017 and 2020. We included adult patients (>16 years) with severe TBI and a documented decision for WLST. We constructed a series of hierarchical logistic regression models to adjust for patient, injury, and hospital attributes influencing WLST; residual between-center variability was characterized using the median odds ratio. The impact of disparate WLST practices was further assessed by ranking centers by their conditional random intercept and assessing mortality, length of stay, and WLST between quartiles.

RESULTS:
We identified a total of 85 511 subjects with severe TBI treated across 510 trauma centers, of whom 20 300 (24%) had WLST. Patient-level factors associated with increased likelihood of WLST were advanced age, White race, self-pay, or Medicare insurance status (compared with private insurance). Black race was associated with reduced tendency for WLST. Treatment in nonprofit centers and higher-severity intracranial and extracranial injuries, midline shift, and pupil asymmetry also increased the likelihood for WLST. After adjustment for patient and hospital attributes, the median odds ratio was 1.45 (1.41-1.49 95% CI), suggesting residual variation in WLST between centers. When centers were grouped into quartiles by their propensity for WLST, there was increased adjusted mortality and shorter length of stay in fourth compared with first quartile centers.

CONCLUSION:
We highlighted the presence of contextual phenomena associated with disparate WLST practice patterns between trauma centers after adjustment for case-mix and hospital attributes. These findings highlight a need for standardized WLST guidelines to improve equity of care provision for patients with severe TBI.
Clinical and Pathological Features of Pit1/SF1 Multilineage Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Wang Xingchao , Tang Hanlu , Bie Zhixu , Wang Ying , Yuan Ruofei , Zhang Zhe , Xiong Zhixia , Yang Zhijun , Bi Zhiyong , Wang Bo , Liu Pinan 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Lineage-based classification has critical clinical implications in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET). As the most prevalent subtype of multilineage PitNET, PitNET originating from both pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 (Pit1) and steroidogenic factor-1 (SF1) lineages (Pit1/SF1-adenoma) is expected to exhibit rich and varied clinical behaviors. A comprehensive understanding of the clinical and pathological characteristics of Pit1/SF1-adenoma will provide mechanistic insight and influence the prognosis and treatment of PitNET.

METHODS:
A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing 57 cases of Pit1/SF1-adenoma between 2018 and 2022. We also included 88 cases of PitNET arising from Pit1 cell lineage (Pit1-adenoma) and 70 cases of PitNET arising from SF1 cell lineage (SF1-adenoma) as controls. Comprehensive data, including demographic, symptom, endocrinal, radiological, surgical, pathological, and prognostic information, were systematically collected. All specimens were immunostained for pituitary transcription factors (PTFs) and pituitary hormones.

RESULTS:
The detection rate was 8.0% for Pit1/SF1-adenoma within PitNET surgical specimens. Pit1/SF1-adenoma displayed a male predominance, with the mean diagnosis age falling between Pit1-adenoma and SF1-adenoma. The endocrine activity of Pit1/SF1-adenoma was lower than Pit1-adenoma but higher than SF1-adenoma. Pit1/SF1-adenoma had a higher incidence of cavernous sinus invasion (56.1%) than both Pit1-adenoma (38.6%, P = .039) and SF1-adenoma (27.1%, P = .001). Furthermore, Pit1/SF1-adenoma showed more postoperative complications than Pit1-adenoma (29.8% vs 8.0%, P = .001). Nonfunctional Pit1/SF1-adenoma had a higher radiological tumor recurrence rate than nonfunctional SF1-adenoma (34.8% vs 10.9%, P = .021). Notably, the immunostaining pattern was diverse in Pit1/SF1-adenoma, with various combinations of staining intensity for PTFs and 15 combinations for 6 pituitary hormones. Intriguingly, various PTFs combinations had no different impact on the outcome of Pit1/SF1-adenoma.

CONCLUSION:
Pit1/SF1-adenoma represents a unique pathological subtype of PitNET, characterized by distinctive clinical behaviors. Identifying Pit1/SF1-adenoma can facilitate more precise management of PitNET by the practical use of Pit1/SF1 immunostaining.
Tailored Intraoperative MRI Strategies in High-Grade Glioma Surgery: A Machine Learning–Based Radiomics Model Highlights Selective Benefits
Authors: Aichholzer Martin , Rauch Philip , Kastler Lucia , Pichler Josef , Aufschnaiter-Hiessböck Kathrin , Ruiz-Navarro Francisco , Aspalter Stefan , Hartl Saskia , Schimetta Wolfgang , Böhm Petra , Manakov Ilja , Thomae Wolfgang , Gmeiner Matthias , Gruber Andreas , Stefanits Harald 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
In high-grade glioma (HGG) surgery, intraoperative MRI (iMRI) has traditionally been the gold standard for maximizing tumor resection and improving patient outcomes. However, recent Level 1 evidence juxtaposes the efficacy of iMRI and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), questioning the continued justification of iMRI because of its associated costs and extended surgical duration. Nonetheless, drawing from our clinical observations, we postulated that a subset of intricate HGGs may continue to benefit from the adjunctive application of iMRI.

METHODS:
In a prospective study of 73 patients with HGG, 5-ALA was the primary technique for tumor delineation, complemented by iMRI to detect residual contrast-enhanced regions. Suboptimal 5-ALA efficacy was defined when (1) iMRI detected contrast-enhanced remnants despite 5-ALA's indication of a gross total resection or (2) surgeons observed residual fluorescence, contrary to iMRI findings. Radiomic features from preoperative MRIs were extracted using a U2-Net deep learning algorithm. Binary logistic regression was then used to predict compromised 5-ALA performance.

RESULTS:
Resections guided solely by 5-ALA achieved an average removal of 93.14% of contrast-enhancing tumors. This efficacy increased to 97% with iMRI integration, albeit not statistically significant. Notably, for tumors with suboptimal 5-ALA performance, iMRI's inclusion significantly improved resection outcomes (P-value: .00013). The developed deep learning–based model accurately pinpointed these scenarios, and when enriched with radiomic parameters, showcased high predictive accuracy, as indicated by a Nagelkerke R2 of 0.565 and a receiver operating characteristic of 0.901.

CONCLUSION:
Our machine learning–driven radiomics approach predicts scenarios where 5-ALA alone may be suboptimal in HGG surgery compared with its combined use with iMRI. Although 5-ALA typically yields favorable results, our analyses reveal that HGGs characterized by significant volume, complex morphology, and left-sided location compromise the effectiveness of resections relying exclusively on 5-ALA. For these intricate cases, we advocate for the continued relevance of iMRI.
Preoperative Ultrasound-Guided Localization of the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve: From Guide Wire to Novel Clip
Authors: Koueik Joyce , Bethel Jacob A. , Lee Kenneth S. , Tuite Michael J. , Hanna Amgad S. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) decompression and transposition are surgical treatment options for meralgia paresthetica. Identifying the LFCN during surgery may be challenging, and preoperative localization is a valuable adjunct in this case. The objective of this study was to explore a new technique using preoperative ultrasound-guided clip localization (USCL) of the LFCN.

METHODS:
After Institutional Review Board approval, data were collected on patients who underwent both preoperative ultrasound-guided wire localization (USWL) and USCL over the past 13 years. Skin-to-nerve time was calculated prospectively.

RESULTS:
Fifty-six patients were identified, 51 had USWL and 5 had USCL; the skin-to-nerve median time was 7.5 and 6 minutes, respectively. Six wires were misplaced, and this was at the beginning of utilization of the USWL technique. There were no nerve injury, infection, or bleeding complications related to either wire or clip placement.

CONCLUSION:
USWL or USCL is safe and time-efficient in LFCN surgeries.
COVID-19 infection with serial bilateral pneumothoraces
Authors: Ragozzino Rosa , Risoli Antonella , Martone Anna Maria , Brandi Vincenzo , Liperoti Rosa , Landi Francesco 
Published: January 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is most frequently associated with a mild presentation of fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Typical radiographic findings in severe COVID-19 infection are bilateral ground-glass opacities on computed tomography (CT) scans. Bilateral pneumothorax is a rare complication of COVID-19. Among observational studies, the incidence of pneumothorax is low at 0.3% in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, the incidence of pneumothorax increases to 12.8-23.8% in patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation.
Case: This case report describes a previously healthy 52-year-old man who had recurrent pneumothoraces. He had five separate episodes of bilateral pneumothoraces during a two-month infection with SARS-CoV-2 during which he required mechanical ventilation. Chest x-rays revealed pneumothoraces, and bilateral chest tubes were inserted into the intrathoracic space for drainage five times. This case highlights the potential atypical clinical course in a COVID-19 infection and is the first reported case, to our knowledge, that features five bilateral spontaneous recurring pneumothoraces.
Conclusion: COVID-19-related pneumothorax is likely a sequela of COVID-19 disease progression due to the inflammatory insult from COVID-19 infection and the increased respiratory effort needed to maintain gas exchange. COVID-19- related pneumothoraces are associated with mechanical ventilation and resolved in prolonged hospitalization. The treatment of COVID-19 and its long-term consequences represents a relatively new challenge for clinicians and health care providers. A multidisciplinary approach during the posthospitalization management of COVID-19 survivors is strongly advised.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 lung complications, pneumothorax
Polarization calibration source for the Polstar spectropolarimeter
Authors: Woodruff Robert A. 
Published: January 2024

This paper describes material and configuration trades for the design of a special source that will be used for pre-launch calibrations of Polstar: the polarization calibration source (PCS). The PCS generates a highly polarized imaged beam at the f/# of Polstar. The PCS will be used to calibrate Polstar polarimetrically, photometrically, and spectrally. This paper identifies design approaches that permit the production of highly polarized light to wavelengths as small as 110 nm.
Prevalence, knowledge and practices on prevention and management of overweight and obesity among adults in Dodoma City, Tanzania
Authors: Msollo Safiness Simon , Shausi Gosbert Lukenku , Mwanri Akwilina Wendelin 
Published: January 2024

Background
Overweight/obesity is increasing leading to high rates of non-communicable diseases. The study aimed to assess the prevalence, knowledge and practices on prevention and management of overweight/obesity among adults in Dodoma region.

Methodology
A cross- sectional research was conducted among 313 randomly selected adults aged 25–65 years. Face to face interviews were conducted to obtain demographic information, knowledge on preventing and managing overweight/obesity using a pre-tested questionnaire. Weight and height were measured following standard procedures and nutrition status was categorized using WHO criteria. Dietary intake was assessed using qualitative 24 hours recall to obtain dietary diversity score. Data was analyzed using the SPSS™ Version 20 to obtain descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results
About 62.6% (n = 196) of the participants were females. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 59.7% (n = 186) of which 28% (n = 88) were overweight and 31.3% (n = 98) obese. Obesity was three times higher among females (41.8% vs 13.7%) than males. Overweight/obesity was positively associated with female sex (Adjusted OR 2.34; 95%CI: 1.235–4.68; p = 0.001), low knowledge (Adjusted OR 2.15; 95%CI: 1.22–3.81; p = 0.008) and negatively associated with dietary diversity score (Adjusted OR 0. 452; 95%CI: 0.199–1.87; p = 0.03). About 76% of respondents reported that overweight/obesity is a result of consuming high energy (38.8%; n = 92) and high fat foods (27%; n = 63). More than half of the respondents reported to be insensitive with kind of foods they consume and for those who were sensitive, 64% do so to avoid diseases. Furthermore, 60% control their weight by doing physical exercises while 18% by both physical exercises and diet management. However, about 43% did not know foods exposing individuals to health problems.

Conclusion and recommendations
High prevalence of overweight/obesity was observed and significantly associated with female sex, low dietary diversity and knowledge on overweight/obesity prevention. This creates a need to improve knowledge on prevention of overweight/obesity.