bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Microbial Image Deciphering: Navigating Challenges with Machine and Deep Learning
Authors: Ghosh Hritwik , Rahat Irfan Sadiq , Mohanty Sachi Nandan , Ramesh Janjhyam Venkata Naga 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach to microorganism classification through the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), demonstrating the potent capabilities of deep learning in the realm of microscopic image analysis. Utilizing a rich dataset of microorganism imagery, captured with a Canon EOS 250d Camera and meticulously categorized into eight distinct classes, we have trained a sequential CNN model that effectively distinguishes between various microorganisms with high precision. The dataset, comprising images in JPEG format, was sourced from the controlled environment of Pathantula Tea Garden's laboratory settings, ensuring consistency and quality in data acquisition. The CNN architecture, designed with layers of convolution, max pooling, and dense operations, further refined with dropout and batch normalization, has been optimized with several optimizers including SGD, RMSprop, Adam, and Nadam, all set at a learning rate of 0.001. Notably, the Adam optimizer emerged superior, propelling the model to achieve an impressive 97% accuracy. This research not only underscores the efficacy of CNNs in classifying microorganisms but also paves the way for future advancements in automated microscopic image classification.
Overexpression of LncRNA ILF3-AS1 restrained NSCLC development through miR-185-5p/ING4 axis
Authors: Li Zuowei , Song Yelin , Fang Qiong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
LncRNA ILF3-AS1 was abnormally expressed in several cancers. However, the relationship of ILF3-AS1 and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still unknown. Now, our research endeavored to characterize the expression and function of ILF3-AS1 in NSCLC, so as to study its related mechanism. The differential level of ILF3-AS1 in NSCLC were detected. The relation of miR-185-5p with ILF3-AS1 and ING4 was predicted by bioinformatics online tool and further verified. The influence of ILF3-AS1 and miR-185-5p inhibitor on cell biological function were detected by a series of tests. The changes of tumor volume and weight intervened by ILF3-AS1 up-regulation and miR-185-5p depletion were monitored in mice. ILF3-AS1 was abnormally down-expressed not only in NSCLC tissues, but also in NSCLC cells. ILF3-AS1 overexpression can inhibit the viability of NSCLC cells, reduce the number of migrating and invading cells, and enhance the apoptosis, which was reversed by miR-185-5p mimics. There were direct interactions between miR-185-5p, ILF3-AS1, and ING4. Tumor inhibition was observed in mice transplanted with H1299 transfected by pcDNA3.1-ILF3-AS1 and miR-185-5p inhibitor. ILF3-AS1 modulated NSCLC progress through targeting miR-185-5p/ING4 axis.
Smallholder Farmers' Vulnerability to Climate Change and Variability: Evidence from Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia
Authors: ABELIENEH ASSEFA , Ayele Zewdu B. , Dagnew Dessalegn C. , Melese Tadele , Fenta Abeje B. , E. Koyachew E. Koyachew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Climate change has resulted in significant agricultural losses and hardships, causing insecurity in the livelihoods of smallholder farmers and contributing to poverty in Ethiopia. This study investigates the vulnerabilities of three agroecologies in Ethiopia. The vulnerability assessment, conducted through a cross-sectional survey and spatial-temporal trend analysis using GIS, included 646 households. An overall vulnerability index was developed using a balanced weighted average method. Data from various sources were collected and analyzed employing the vulnerability index, ArcGIS 10.8, and ERDA's IMAGINE 2015. Utilizing the LVI-IPCC scale, the study identified immediate vulnerability to climate change across highland, midland, and lowland agroecological zones. The results indicated that households in different agroecological zones were susceptible to climate change impacts, with highland areas being the most sensitive and exposed, while, in terms of overall vulnerabilities, lowland households were the most vulnerable. The study highlighted insufficient health facilities, food, and water supplies in highland and lowland agroecologies. The study also found the shift from communal grazing land to private cultivation and plantations, especially eucalyptus, signaled a dynamic change in land use practices and aggravated the ecosystem's sensitivity to climate shocks. The study recommends implementing sustainable land use practices, afforestation, and climate-smart agriculture to address these changes. It emphasizes the importance of considering policy and interventions for conserving and rehabilitating shrubland, grazing land, and natural areas to ensure long-term socio-economic and ecosystem resilience.
Severe coagulopathy and inflammation occurred after resection of giant right ventricular intimal sarcoma with cardiopulmonary bypass: a case report
Authors: Liu Menghan , Li Xuejie , Zhou Ronghua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Primary malignant cardiac tumors are rare in clinic, and surgical resection under cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) is the main treatment. The non-physiological perfusion process of CPB leads to contact activation, and the resulting coagulation dysfunction and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are common complications. However, it is difficult to predict the impact of foreign tumor fragments on this pathophysiological process once they enter the bloodstream, making this phenomenon more complex and challenging.
Case Presentation: We report a case of cardiac intimal sarcoma who developed severe coagulopathy and inflammation after excision of massive right ventricular tumor and replacement of tricuspid valve under median sternotomy under CPB. Although the procedure was expected to cause tumor cell necrosis and precautions were taken, uncontrolled massive postoperative bleeding, persistent fever and abnormal elevated inflammatory markers, and repeated malignant arrhythmias occurred after surgery. In addition to common factors, the most possible underlying mechanism is contact activation triggered following surgical procedure for intimal sarcoma with CPB.
Conclusion: Patients with intracardiac malignant tumors are at a high risk for serious contact activation during CPB. Preventive application of comprehensive anti-inflammatory measures such as drugs and adsorptive CPB technology, as well as point-of-care (POC) monitoring of coagulation status will be helpful for individualized guidance and optimization of CPB management, and improvement of patient prognosis.
Electrochemical Magnetorheological Finishing for Hard-to-Machine Functional Materials with Nanometer-Scaled Surface Roughness
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Han Lianhuan , Lin Xiaoting , Luo Shiyi , Feng Huiming , Peng Yunfeng , Zhan Dongping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tungsten carbide (WC) is a widely employed mold material in micro/nano-manufacture industry due to its exceptional attributes, including excellent chemical stability, high temperature resistance, and substantial stiffness. Nevertheless, its formidable hardness and wear resistance pose significant machining challenges. To realize high-quality and high-efficiency polishing, we introduce electrochemical magnetorheological finishing (ECMRF), which combins magnetorheological finishing (MRF) and electrochemical mechanical polishing (ECMP). Because the WC workpiece surface becomes loose rapidly due to the formation of an oxide layer through surface electrooxidation, ECMRF exhibits remarkable material removal rates (MRR) of up to 92.0 nm/min, nearly five times higher than that of conventional MRF (16.7 nm/min). Moreover, ECMRF accelerates the convergence rate of surface roughness (Sa) by a factor of 17 when compared to MRF. More importantly, chemical composition analysis reveals no surface or subsurface chemical damage after an simple additional MRF process, maintaining the pristine state of the WC workpiece. The final Sa is significantly reduced from 87.2 nm to 2.1 nm. This pioneering research underscores the prospect in polishing challenging materials and presents an innovative route to achieve highly efficient surface polishing with nanoscale roughness.
Increased specificity of Fasciola excretory-secretory antigens combining negative selection on hydroxyapatite and salt precipitation. A proteomic study of the isolated fractions
Authors: Ubeira Florencio M. , González-Warleta Marta , Martínez-Sernández Victoria , Castro-Hermida José Antonio , Paniagua Esperanza , Romaris Fernanda , Mezo Mercedes 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A single and rapid method to obtain an antigenic fraction of excretory-secretory antigens (ESAs) from Fasciola hepatica ESAs suitable for serodiagnosis of fascioliasis is reported. The procedure consists in the negative selection of F. hepatica ESAs by hydroxyapatite (HA) chromatography (HAC; fraction HAC-NR) followed by antigen precipitation with 50% ammonium sulphate (AS) and subsequent recovery by means of a Millex-GV or equivalent filter (Fi-SOLE fraction). Tested in indirect ELISA, the Fi-SOLE antigens detected natural infections by F. hepatica with 100% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity in sheep, and 97.7% sensitivity and 97.7% specificity in cattle, as determined by ROC analysis. The SDS-PAGE and proteomic nano-UHPLC-Tims-QTOF MS/MS analysis of fractions showed that the relative abundance of L-cathepsins and fragments thereof was 57% in fraction HAC-NR and 93.8% in fraction Fi-SOLE. The second most abundant proteins in fraction HAC-NR were fatty-acid binding proteins (11.9%). In contrast, free heme, and heme:MF6p/FhHDM-1 complexes remained strongly bond to the HA particles during HAC. Interestingly, phosphorylcholine (PC)-bearing antigens, which are a frequent source of cross-reactivity, were detected with an anti-PC mAb (BH8) in ESAs and fraction HAC-NR but were almost absent in fraction Fi-SOLE.
Physics-Informed Multi-Stage Deep Learning Framework Development for State-Based Reactor Power Prediction
Authors: Alam Syed Bahauddin , Daniell James , Alajo Ayodeji , Chakraborty Souvik , Kobayashi Kazuma 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Deep Learning using Neural Networks (DNNs) has emerged as a viable alternative to standard physical modeling in nuclear systems and engineering. This paper seeks to develop a multi-stage predictive model consisting of 2 feed-forward DNNs to determine the final steady state power of a reactor transient in the real research reactor facility (Missouri University of Science and Technology Reactor (MSTR)). Physical information is collected from the initial and final steady states of the transient to create a single trial. A dataset is generated by using the generalized prompt jump equation to expand upon the data collected from MSTR. Noise is added to the simulated data to reduce the likelihood of memorization. 6 classifier models are developed, tested, and compared for the first stage of the model, with an output representing a large band power output resolution. 4 regression models are developed and tested with input from the first stage model to predict a single value representing the reactor power output. The combined model yields 96% classification accuracy for the first stage and 92% absolute prediction accuracy for the second stage. The development procedure is discussed so that the method can be applied generally to similar systems.
An Overview of Unveiling the Essence of Digital Hydraulic Technology: A Comprehensive Exploration and Classification
Authors: Ali Ahmed Refaie , Jan Ahmed Zubair , Kedzia Krzysztof , Majeed Afraz Hussain , Machado José Mendes , Habib Muhammad Irfan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The advent of digital hydraulic technology has heralded noteworthy advancements across a spectrum of domains, encompassing aspects such as intelligence augmentation, seamless integration, and the imperative curtailment of energy consumption, among other facets. Over the course of several decades, the continued investment in research and development has culminated in a substantial surge of interest and attention in the industrial and scientific communities. However, the varying interpretations and elucidations of digital fluid technology put forth by diverse researchers throughout the years have yielded a conspicuous absence of a universally endorsed and accepted definition. This definitional diversity has, to a certain extent, engendered ramifications on the trajectory of its evolution. Consequently, the present paper undertakes the task of furnishing a precise and comprehensive explication of digital hydraulic technology. In doing so, we deliberate upon several salient facets, including an in-depth exploration of digital hydraulic technology, a systematic classification thereof, an exhaustive examination of digital hydraulic valves, and a comprehensive analysis of digital hydraulic pumps.
A comprehensive prognostic and immune analysis of SFXN1 in Pan-cancer
Authors: Zhang Liming , Li Wenhui , Wang Shaoqiang , Wang Lina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Sideroflexin1 (SFXN1), one of the primary sideroflexin (SFXN) proteins, can transport serine to mitochondria and take part in one-carbon metabolism there, with impact on cell proliferation, differentiation and other activities. Numerous evidence suggested that SFXN1 was intimately associated with lung cancer, glioma, and other cancers, its specific function in other malignancies is unknown.
Methods
Based on TCGA, HPA, GEPIA, and UALCAN databases, SFXN1 expression, prognostic value, and its correlation with immune cell infiltration were explored. The biological function of SFXN1 was conducted in LUAD cells.
Results
SFXN1 is highly expressed in a variety of tumors and related to clinicopathological features and prognosis. SFXN1 correlated with T cells and B cells by immune infiltration analysis. Moreover, SFXN1 positively correlated with immune checkpoint genes in many tumors. Loss-of-function assay showed SFXN1 silencing could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and enhance apoptosis in LUAD cells.
Conclusion
The high expression of SFXN1 is associated with tumor prognosis and can serve as a novel biomarker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a potential therapeutic target for immunotherapy against cancers.
A Novel Fuzzy Logic Based Approach for Task Allocation at Virtual Machines in Hierarchical Fog IoT Environment
Authors: Elshahed Eman M. , Al-Tabbakh Shahinaz M. , Shaaban Eman , Elzahed Hayam M. , Abdelmoneem Randa M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Constraints on the parameters of modified Chaplygin-Jacobi and modified Chaplygin-Abel gases in f(T) gravity
Authors: Chaudhary Himanshu , Debnath Ujjal , Roy Tanusree , Maity Sayani , Mustafa G , Arora Monika 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In this work, we explore the parameter constraints of two dark energy models, namely the Modified Chaplygin-Jacobi gas (MCJG) and Modified Chaplygin-Abel gas (MCAG), within the context of $f(T)$ gravity model in a non-flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) Universe. Our investigation involves comparing the equation of state for the MCJG and MCAG dark energy models with the equation of state derived from the $f(T)$ gravity model. To derive constraints for the dark energy and $f(T)$ gravity models, we use recent astronomical datasets, including $H(z)$ data, type Ia supernovae observations, Gamma Ray Bursts data, quasar data, and Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements. We present the reduced Hubble parameter in terms of observable parameters such as $\Omega_{r0}$ (density parameter of radiation), $\Omega_{m0}$ (density parameter of dark matter), $\Omega_{k0}$ (density parameter associated with spatial curvature), $\Omega_{CJ0}$ (density parameter of Modified Chaplygin-Jacobi gas), $\Omega_{CA0}$ (density parameter of Modified Chaplygin-Abel gas), and $H_0$ (present value of the Hubble parameter). We explore the cosmological evolution through various cosmic diagnostic parameters, including the deceleration parameter, $Om(z)$ diagnostic, and statefinder diagnostic pair $\{r,s\}$. These diagnostic parameters offer valuable insights into the expansion dynamics and the nature of dark energy in the Universe. We have also assessed the viability of the models using the information criteria. Our aim is to shed light on the nature of dark energy and its connection to the $f(T)$ gravity model, and ultimately gain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving the accelerated expansion of our Universe.
Comprehensive analysis of Mendelian randomization and single-cell sequencing reveals the causal relationship between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and chronotype-related genes
Authors: Liu Dandan , Li Rong , Li Shunle , Li Hua , Liu Na , Huang Lanxuan , Lu Hongwei , Xu Meng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The tumor development is related to disruption of circadian rhythms. However, the causal relationship between chronotype and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and molecular mechanism of chronotype-related genes (CRGs) are vague.
Methods
Genetic summary statistics were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) OpenGWAS and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) Catalog. Univariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and sensitivity analysis were then performed. Subsequently, the CRGs were obtained based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of chronotype for differential expression analysis between disease and control groups based on University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) Xena database, and the identification of hub genes via STRING database and immune infiltration analysis. Finally, the single-cell transcriptome dataset GSE138709 downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to analyze the relationship between hub genes and annotated cell types. The functional enrichment analysis, pseudotime analysis and cell communication analysis were also explored.
Results
The MR results revealed that chronotype was a protective factor causally related to ICC, and the reliability was illustrated by the sensitivity analysis. A total of 180 differentially expressed CRGs were acquired, including 101 up-regulated and 79 down-regulated in ICC. Of which, four genes were marked as hub genes based on protein-protein interaction network, namely IDH1, PEX13, DECR2 and PEX12. Moreover, a total of ten cell types were annotated in GSE138709, including T cells, malignant cells, macrophages, NK cells, dendritic cells, B cells, endothelial cells, cholangiocytes, hepatocytes and fibroblasts. Thereinto, NK cells and hepatocytes as key cells were remarkably discrepant between ICC and control samples. The expression of DECR2 and IDH1 in hepatocytes was higher in control group than in ICC group. Furthermore, hepatocytes might transform into cholangiocytes and malignant cells, and both hepatocytes and NK cells interacted strongly with macrophages.
Conclusion
Our study supported a causal relationship between chronotype and ICC, and provided the theoretical basis and reference value for research on MR.
Efficient Hardware Accelerators for k-Nearest Neighbors Classification using Most Significant Digit First Arithmetic
Authors: Gorgin Saeid , Gholamrezaei MohamadHossein , Lee Jeong-A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) is one of the most widely used classification algorithms in real-world machine learning applications such as computer vision, speech recognition, and data mining. Massive high-dimensional datasets, reasonable accuracy of results, and adequate response time are regarded as the most challenging aspects of the k-NN implementation, which are exacerbated by the exponential increase in dataset size and the feature dimension of each data point. In this paper, we leverage the parallelism and digit-level pipelining opportunities offered by FPGA devices and Online arithmetic to address such issues for k-NN classification based on two different distance metrics: Manhattan and Euclidean. In these designs, all the necessary operations for measuring distances and sorting are performed on serially arriving data at no or minimal hardware cost. Due to serial computation, the size of the classifier instance and its memory footprint are reduced, leading to more parallel instances for our target devices. Furthermore, we dynamically terminate unnecessary computations upon detection to reduce power consumption, which is possible in more than half of cases on average. The proposed k-NN implementations are the first hardware accelerator designs using Online arithmetic on FPGA effectively. Based on implementation results, our proposed k-NN implementation based on Manhattan (Euclidean) distance provides 1.72x to 2.23x (1.06x to 2.76x) Speedup compared to state-of-the-art designs, while these improvements are 270.79x to 739.51x (167.0x to 725.8x) when compared to implementation on a single core of the ARM Cortex-A9 CPU.
Non-chromatographic method for the purification of high purity paclitaxel from Taxus chinensis using tandem cavitation fractional precipitation
Authors: Kang Da-Yeon , Kim Jin-Hyun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, a non-chromatographic method using tandem cavitation fractional precipitation was developed for the purification of high-purity paclitaxel. Paclitaxel was purified with a purity of 98.8% and an overall yield of 91.1% through a three-step fractional precipitation using acetone/pentane (1:9, v/v), methanol/water (61.5:38.5, v/v), and acetone/water (1:2, v/v) systems. In addition, the precipitation characteristics and step-by-step impurity removal behaviors were observed using RP-HPLC, and the structure of the paclitaxel purified by tandem cavitation fractional precipitation was identified using FT-IR spectroscopy.
Effect of different organic manures on growth, yield, and quality of late season radish (Raphanus sativus) in Paklihawa, Rupandehi, Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Netra Prasad , Gurung Pradip , Kharel Ganesh Prasad , Parajuli Anita , Khanal Shovit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a major root vegetable crop in Nepal. Organic manures are an indispensable substitute for the highly toxic inorganic fertilizers. A research experiment was conducted at the horticulture farm of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Paklihawa campus, Rupandehi, Nepal to investigate the effect of different organic manures on the growth, yield, and quality of Tokinashi variety of late-season radish. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The seven different treatments were farm yard manure (FYM) (30 t ha-1), poultry manure (20 t ha-1), FYM (15 t ha-1) + poultry manure (10 t ha-1), FYM (15 t ha-1) + vermicompost (2.5 t ha-1), vermicompost (5 t ha-1), FYM (15 t ha-1) + Bone meal (5 t ha-1), and control (without use of organic manures). Poultry manure was observed significant effect on the growth and yield attributes of radish. The effect of poultry manure over other treatments, viz. plant height (31.17 cm), number of leaves (20.53), shoot length (29.68 cm), crown spread (51.4 cm), root length (28.6 cm), root diameter (10.81 cm), average root weight (130.2 gm), average shoot weight (71 gm), root dry weight (125.33 gm), harvest index (64.85%), shoot yield per hectare (16.22 t ha-1), biological yield per hectare (50.3 t ha-1), root yield per hectare (23.87 t ha-1), and total soluble solid (1.13 0Brix) were recorded maximum at harvest (77 days after sowing). The ascorbic acid was recorded maximum (0.181 mg ml-1) in vermicompost. It can be concluded that poultry manure can be used for higher yield for late-season radish cultivation under Rupandehi, Terai condition of Nepal.