bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘PCr overshoot’: a study of the duration in canine myocardium
Authors: Straeter‐Knowlen Ingrid M. , Butterworth Edward J. , Buchthal Steven D. , Hollander Jan A. den , Caulfield James B. , Jennings Robert B. , Evanochko William T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe phosphocreatine (PCr) overshoot is a well‐documented phenomenon and is readily observable by 31P MRS. In addition, a second 31P MRS observation during ischemia with reperfusion is a diminution in ATP levels. Combining these two as the ‘PCr Overshoot’ the PCr/ATP ratio may provide an index of viability. However little information is available regarding the duration of this ‘overshoot’. For this approach to be useful clinically, the duration of this phenomenon must be ascertained. An open chest canine model of 12 min of ischemia followed by reperfusion (6 h) was used. A 2 cm surface coil was sutured to the myocardium and spectra were acquired at 4.7 T. Gated spectra were acquired in <2.5 min with an interpulse delay of 5 s. Integrals of the PCr and ATP (beta) resonances were analyzed using a line‐fitting routine. Overall, the PCr signal increased from 22.0 ± 0.8 to 25.5 ± 0.9 and ATP decreased from 11.7 ± 0.4 to 10.0 ± 0.4 (arbitrary units). The PCr remained elevated for the entire 6 h period and the percentage increase was 15.9%. The ATP remained depleted for the entire 6 h period and the percentage decrease was 17.0%. Thus, the clinically relevant and readily observable PCr/ATP is a product of both an increase in PCr and a decrease in ATP for a calculated net increase in PCr/ATP of 39.6%. The PCr/ATP ratio of the ischemia group for baseline, ischemia, 6 h reflow, were: 2.33 ± 0.18, 1.04 ± 0.29 and 3.22 ± 0.21. We demonstrate that the ‘PCr overshoot’ is readily observable and can be monitored noninvasively and nondestructively for 6 h. Therefore, the ‘PCr overshoot’ may be a viable marker of reversible injury in this model and may prove to be applicable for detecting myocardial viability in patients. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Friedel‐Crafts benzylation of benzene derivatives catalyzed by silica and alumina‐supported polytrifluoromethanesulfosiloxane
Authors: Zhou Da‐Qing , Wang Chao‐Ming , Yang Ji‐Huo , Huang Mei‐Yu , Jiang Ying‐Yan 
Published: January 2005

AbstractInorganic polymer, silica and alumina‐supported polytrifluoromethanesulfosiloxane solid superacids (abbreviated as SiO
2‐Si‐SCF
3 and Al
2O
3‐Si‐SCF
3), have been prepared. The acid strength of superacids are higher than that of 100% H
2SO
4. It was found that SiO
2‐Si‐SCF
3 and Al
2O
3‐Si‐SCF
3 could catalyze Friedel‐Crafts benzylation of benzene and substituted benzenes with benzyl chloride under relatively mild conditions. The yields could amount to 98 and 85%, respectively. The yield was influenced by catalyst concentration, reaction time and benzene/benzyl chloride molar ratios. The catalysts have considerable high stability and could be reused repeatedly without large changes in catalytic activity. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel polyorganosiloxane having a bigger sized tubular structure and its supramolecular clathrate
Authors: Liu Chunqing , Liu Zhihua , Xie Ping , Dai Daorong , Zhang Rongben , Zhu Chuanfeng , Wang Chen , He Chaobin , Chung Neal Tai‐Shung 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA novel polyorganosiloxane having a bigger sized tubular structure, tubular polymer (TP) was synthesized successfully by hydrosilylation reaction of reactive cis‐isotactic ladder‐like polyallylsilsesquioxane (Allyl‐T) with coupling agent p‐bis(dimethylhydrogensilyl)oxydiphenylene (M) in the presence of dicyclopentadienylplatinum(II) chloride (Cp2PtCl2) catalyst. A novel supramolecular TP clathrate (TP/LC) was prepared by in situ encapsulating rod‐like liquid crystalline molecule within the pore of TP. The Allyl‐T was prepared by stepwise coupling polymerization. Various characterization methods including solubility test, FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), vapour pressure osmometer (VPO), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and molecular simulation were used and the results not only proved the existence of nano‐scale tubular structures in the TP, but also demonstrated that a novel soluble supramolecular clathrate had been formed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FISH analysis of MALT lymphoma‐specific translocations and aneuploidy in primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Schreuder MI , Hoefnagel JJ , Jansen PM , van Krieken JHJM , Willemze R , Hebeda KM 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPrimary cutaneous marginal zone lymphomas (PCMZL) share histological and clinical characteristics with mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas suggesting a common pathogenesis. A number of recurrent structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations have been described in MALT lymphoma, but their incidence in PCMZL is largely unknown, as is their relation with clinical and pathological data. In this study, the incidence of t(11;18)(q21;q21), t(1;14)(p22;q32), two different t(14;18)(q32;q21), involving either IGH/MALT1 or IGH/BCL2, and numerical aberrations of chromosomes 3, 7, 12 and 18 were analysed in 12 patients with PCMZL, with follow‐up of up to 10 years. Nuclei were isolated from paraffin wax sections for dual‐colour interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using various probe sets either flanking or spanning the involved genes. T(14;18)(q32;q21), with breakpoints in IGH and MALT1, was found in three cases. All three had partly monocytoid histological appearances and lacked blastic transformation. An additional trisomy of chromosome 3 was detected in one of these cases. Trisomy 18 was present in two lymphomas without monocytoid morphology. No definite correlation was seen with any clinical feature, including Borrelia serology. Neither t(11;18)(q21;q21), nor t(1;14)(p22;q32) or any other translocation involving IGH, BCL10, MALT1, BCL2 and API2, amplification or deletion of chromosomal region 11q21, 18q21, 1p22, and 14q32 was detected. These results indicate that a subgroup of PCMZL with partly monocytoid morphology is genetically related to MZL at other extranodal sites. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MALT lymphoma with t(14;18)(q32;q21)/IGH‐MALT1 is characterized by strong cytoplasmic MALT1 and BCL10 expression
Authors: Ye Hongtao , Gong Liping , Liu Hongxiang , Hamoudi Rifat A , Shirali Sima , Ho Liza , Chott Andreas , Streubel Berthold , Siebert Reiner , Gesk Stefan , Martin‐Subero Jose I , Radford John A , Banerjee Sankar , Nicholson Andrew G , Ranaldi Renzo , Remstein Ellen D , Gao Zifen , Zheng Jie , Isaacson Peter G , Dogan Ahmet , Du Ming‐Qing 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is specifically associated with t(11;18)(q21;q21), t(1;14)(p22;q32) and t(14;18)(q32;q21). t(11;18)(q21;q21) fuses the N‐terminus of the API2 gene to the C‐terminus of the MALT1 gene and generates a functional API2‐MALT1 product. t(1;14)(p22;q32) and t(14;18)(q32;q21) bring the BCL10 and MALT1 genes respectively to the IGH locus and deregulate their expression. The oncogenic activity of the three chromosomal translocations is linked by the physiological role of BCL10 and MALT1 in antigen receptor‐mediated NFκB activation. In this study, MALT1 and BCL10 expression was examined in normal lymphoid tissues and 423 cases of MALT lymphoma from eight sites, and their expression was correlated with the above translocations, which were detected by molecular and molecular cytogenetic methods. In normal B‐cell follicles, both MALT1 and BCL10 were expressed predominantly in the cytoplasm, high in centroblasts, moderate in centrocytes and weak/negative in mantle zone B‐cells. In MALT lymphoma, MALT1 and BCL10 expression varied among cases with different chromosomal translocations. In 9/9 MALT lymphomas with t(14;18)(q32;q21), tumour cells showed strong homogeneous cytoplasmic expression of both MALT1 and BCL10. In 12/12 cases with evidence of t(1;14)(p22;q32) or variants, tumour cells expressed MALT1 weakly in the cytoplasm but BCL10 strongly in the nuclei. In all 67 MALT lymphomas with t(11;18)(q21;q21), tumour cells expressed weak cytoplasmic MALT1 and moderate nuclear BCL10. In MALT lymphomas without the above translocations, both MALT1 and BCL10, in general, were expressed weakly in the cytoplasm. Real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR showed a good correlation between MALT1 and BCL10 mRNA expression and underlining genetic changes, with t(14;18)(q32;q21)‐ and t(1;14)(p22;q32)‐positive cases displaying the highest MALT1 and BCL10 mRNA expression respectively. These results show that MALT1 expression pattern is identical to that of BCL10 in normal lymphoid tissues but varies in MALT lymphomas, with high cytoplasmic expression of both MALT1 and BCL10 characterizing those with t(14;18)(q32;q21). Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategies for prenatal and preimplantation genetic diagnosis in Marfan syndrome (MFS)
Authors: Loeys B. , Nuytinck L. , Van Acker P. , Walraedt S. , Bonduelle M. , Sermon K. , Hamel B. , Sanchez A. , Messiaen L. , De Paepe A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMarfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a prevalence of 2–3 per 10 000 individuals. Symptoms range from skeletal overgrowth, cutaneous striae to ectopia lentis and aortic dilatation leading to dissection. Prenatal diagnosis was until recently mainly performed in familial cases by linkage analysis. However, mutation detection has become available with thorough screening methods. The phenotypic variability observed in MFS makes reproductive options difficult, as molecular diagnosis cannot predict clinical severity of the disease. Data are presented on 15 prenatal and/or preimplantation genetic diagnoses (PGD) in nine families, originating from Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain and France. In four families data from linkage analysis were used, whereas in five other families the causative FBN1 mutation was characterised. Four PGD cycles in two couples led to one ongoing pregnancy. In addition, two amniocenteses and nine chorionic villus (CV) samplings were performed. In five pregnancies an affected fetus was diagnosed. In one of them, the couple chose to continue the pregnancy and an affected child was born, whereas the other four couples decided to terminate the pregnancy. It is expected that the greater availability of mutation testing of the FBN1 gene will increase requests for prenatal diagnosis. PGD appears to be an acceptable alternative for couples facing ethical reproductive dilemmas. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Laser‐fired rear contacts for crystalline silicon solar cells
Authors: Schneiderlöchner E. , Preu R. , Lüdemann R. , Glunz S. W. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFrom today's viewpoint future solar cells will be thinner, of higher efficiency and produced in greater numbers. A solar cell concept able to fit these developments could be the passivated emitter and rear cell. With a new laser‐based process (laser‐fired contacts), the rear point contact pattern of this concept can be implemented industrially. After the deposition of a dielectric passivation layer and a metal layer on top, a Nd‐YAG laser is used to alloy the contact points through the dielectric layer. Excellent efficiencies have been achieved which approach closely those of reference cells processed by photolithography. This demonstrates the high potential of the new laser‐based technique. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Retraction: A proteomic approach for investigation of photosynthetic apparatus in plants
Authors: Ciambella Corrado , Roepstorff Peter , Aro Eva Mari , Zolla Lello 
Published: January 2005

AbstractRetraction StatementThe following article from Proteomics, "A proteomic approach for investigation of photosynthetic apparatus in plants" by C. Ciambella, P. Roepstorff, E.M. Aro and L. Zolla, published online on 28 January 2005 in the Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pmic.200401129/full), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the Editor‐in‐Chief and Wiley‐VCH GmbH & Co. KGaA. The retraction has been agreed due to the similarity of Figure 4 in this article and an image from an article by B. Granvogl and L.A. Eichacker which was originally submitted to Proteomics on November 1st, 2002 and which was finally published online on 6 June 2006 in the Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pmic.200500924/full) as Figure 1 in Proteomics, "Mapping the proteome of thylakoid membranes by de novo sequencing of intermembrane peptide domains" by B. Granvogl, V. Reisinger and L.A. Eichacker.
Characterization of heat shock protein 27 phosphorylation sites in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Tremolada Lucia , Magni Fulvio , Valsecchi Cristina , Sarto Cecilia , Mocarelli Paolo , Perego Roberto , Cordani Nicoletta , Favini Paolo , Galli Kienle Marzia , Sanchez Jean‐Charles , Hochstrasser Denis F. , Corthals Garry L. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe phosphorylation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) occurs differently in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) compared to homologous normal kidney tissue. Two‐dimensional electrophoresis was used to separate and visualize HSP27, via immunostaining with anti‐HSP27 antibody, in tumor and normal renal samples, obtained after surgery resection from patients with RCC. The mean number of protein species was 21 in RCC and 15 in normal tissues. Selected spots were in‐gel digested with trypsin, extracted and analyzed by microcapillary liquid chromatography (LC) electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to confirm HSP27 protein identity and reveal phosphorylation sites. Loss of phosphopeptides due to extensive plumbing and/or metal components in automated LC‐systems was limited by manual loading of samples directly onto the LC system using a homemade pressure vessel. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis revealed that in three of the HSP27 protein species phosphorylation occurred at Serine 15 and in five at Serine 82 in a different pattern. The phosphorylation of Serine 15 and 82 was also investigated by immunohistochemistry on tissue sections. The data obtained using anti‐HSP27Serine82phos‐antibody are consistent with MS results, while the variance between results achieved by anti‐HSP27Serine15phos‐antibody and by MS is probably due to the low specificity of the antibody. Knowledge of the diversity and modulation of HSP27 phosphorylation protein species might represent useful markers involved in the differentiation of RCC.
Trialkoxysilane‐capped acrylic resin/titania organic–inorganic hybrid optical films prepared by the sol–gel process
Authors: Xiong Mingna , Zhou Shuxue , You Bo , Wu Limin 
Published: January 2005

AbstractHomogeneous organic–inorganic hybrid materials with excellent thermal and optical performance were successfully prepared via the mixing of (3‐methacryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane‐capped acrylic resin with titania synthesized by sol–gel approaches. The effects of the titania content, amount of water, and pH in the sol–gel and the ratio of the solvents (butyl acetate and ethanol) on the structures and properties of the hybrid materials were studied. More titania, more water, and base catalysis in the sol–gel process and a higher ratio of butyl acetate to ethanol for the hybrids led to a larger size and a more compact structure of the titania phase. Increasing the titania content dramatically improved the glass‐transition temperature, UV‐shielding properties, and refractive index for the hybrid materials, and it did not reduce their optical transparency. In general, better thermal stability and optical properties were achieved for the hybrid materials prepared with less water, lower pH values (e.g., acidic or neutral conditions), and a lower ratio of butyl acetate to ethanol. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 637–649, 2005
Low temperature ultrasonic investigation of ZnSe crystals doped with Ni
Authors: Gudkov Vladimir , Lonchakov Alexander , Sokolov Victor , Zhevstovskikh Irina , Gruzdev Nikita 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe peak of ultrasonic absorption observed at ≈13 K in ZnSe:Ni crystals with dopant concentration of 5.5 × 1019 cm–3 was interpreted as due to the Jahn–Teller effect. The dynamic contribution to the effective elastic modulus was accounted for and the temperature dependences of relaxation time, relaxed and unrelaxed modulus C44 were obtained. The procedure of accounting for the dynamic contribution resulted in a more accurate determination of the temperature of phase transition. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structure, stability, and aromaticity of MSubPc (MB, Al, and Ga): Computational study
Authors: Yang Y. J. , Su Z. M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA theoretical investigation on the structure, stability, and aromaticity of M‐subphthalocyanine (MSubPc; MB, Al, and Ga) was performed at the B3LYP/6‐31+G*//B3LYP/6‐31G* level. The comparison between MSubPc and the corresponding Mphthalocyanine (MPc) was considered. The geometry optimization of the MSubPc shows that in the AlSubPc and GaSubPc, the steric repulsions among the three azacoupled isoindole moieties increase, as to their macrocycles tend to be far from planarity. The binding energies of ClM … aza‐coupled isoindole corrected by the basis set superposition error (BSSE), and the nucleus‐independent chemical shift (NICS) values at the ring center, which are a simple and effective local aromaticity probe, were calculated. The results show that AlSubPc is less stable than both BSubPc and AlPc for larger steric repulsion, smaller binding energy, and weaker aromaticity. In the same way, GaSubPc is less stable than both BSubPc and GaPc. In addition, the ring expansion reactivity occurring in BSubPc was confirmed by the global aromaticity mirrored by the electrophilicity index ω values. Therefore, the AlSubPc and GaSubPc remain unknown, while the corresponding compounds AlPc and GaPc are known experimentally. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Construction of accurate Kohn–Sham potentials for the lowest states of the helium atom: Accurate test of the ionization‐potential theorem
Authors: Lindgren I. , Salomonson S. , Möller F. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAccurate local Kohn–Sham potentials have been constructed for the ground 1s2 1S state and, in particular, for the lowest triplet 1s2s 3S state of the helium atom, using electron densities from many‐body calculations and the procedure of van Leeuwen and Baerends. The resulting Kohn–Sham orbitals reproduce the many‐body densities very accurately; furthermore, we have demonstrated that the negative of the energy eigenvalue of the outermost electron orbital agrees with the corresponding ionization energy with extreme accuracy. The procedure is also applied to the Hartree–Fock density of the 1s2s 3S state, and the Kohn–Sham eigenvalue of the 2s orbital is found to agree very well with the corresponding Hartree–Fock eigenvalue, which is the negative of the ionization energy in this model due to Koopmans' theorem. The results clearly demonstrate that there is no conflict between the locality of the Kohn–Sham potential and the exclusion principle, as claimed by Nesbet. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Alea jacta est ...: Dynamische Finanzanalyse (DFA) in der Versicherungswirtschaft
Authors: Klaas Volker , Romeike Frank 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWährend sich auf der einen Seite die Produktlandschaft gravierend verändert hat und die Substitutionskonkurrenz permanent zunimmt, sieht auf der anderen Seite auch die Risiko‐Landkarte für ein Versicherungsunternehmen heute aufgrund der kapitalmarktseitigen, demografischen, sozialen und politischen Veränderungen völlig anders aus als noch einige Jahrzehnte früher. Gleichzeitig sind in den vergangenen Jahren die Anforderungen der Kapitalmarktteilnehmer und Ratingagenturen an die Profitabilität der Unternehmen gestiegen. Kurzum: der Versicherungsmarkt ist gekennzeichnet durch einen verschärften Wettbewerb um Marktanteile bei sinkenden Gewinnmargen. Eine Lösung dieser Herausforderungen bedingt eine Analyse der herkömmlichen Entscheidungsprozesse in der Assekuranz.
Blick in die Sterne
Authors: Dörfler Reinhard , Exeler Steffen , Gleißner Werner , Palmer Ulrich , Schmid Werner 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDie Zeiten, in denen Risiken allein mit “unternehmerischer Intuition” und “Bauchgefühl” gesteuert werden konnten, sind (leider?) lange vorbei. Effiziente Risikomanagement‐Informationssysteme (RMIS) entwickeln sich daher zu wesentlichen Erfolgsfaktoren. Welche Potenziale moderne RMIS bieten und wie sie das Risikomanagement unterstützen können, war Thema einer Expertenrunde, zu der die RISKNEWS Vertreter der führenden Lösungsanbieter geladen hatte.
Rundungsfehler
Authors: Erben Roland Franz 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDer Pentium war das Flagschiff der Prozessorschmiede Intel. Mit seinen 3,1 Millionen Transistoren rechnete er bei gleicher Taktfrequenz etwa doppelt so schnell wie das Vorgängermodell, der 486er. Die Markteinführung im Herbst 1993 wurde von einer gigantischen Werbekampagne begleitet, bei der allein 230 Millionen US‐Dollar in Fernsehspots und Anzeigen flossen. Ein gutes Jahr später war Intel gezwungen, etwa doppelt so viel zu investieren, um das Produkt wieder vom Markt zu nehmen – der Prozessor produzierte Rundungsfehler.