bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS HARMONISA ELECTRONIC LOAD CONTROL (ELC) PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKRO HIDRO (PLTMH)
Authors: Mashar Ali , Sodiq Dja’far 
Published: October 2023

Electronic Load Control (ELC) is a common unit used in Micro Hydro Power Plants with synchronous generator to keep network frequency at its nominal. The ELC regulates the power of dummy load as the power flowing to load (consumers) varies. Maintaining frequency is just the same as maintaining the output active power of the plant (generator). If there is change on the load the ELC regulates the power flowing to the ballast (dummy load) by chopping the voltage electronically. Such operation will generate harmonics in the system which can cause problems such as audio noisy and mal function of protection system. This paper evaluates the harmonics content of the ELC in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and its influences to the system voltage. Experimental evaluations have been conducted at both laboratory and plant. It gives result that there is un tolerable harmonic content generated by the control unit based on IEEE 519-1992. It gives the same results on the system voltage quality.

Keywords : Micro Hydro Power Plant, Electronic Load Control (ELC), ballast, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).

ABSTRAK
Electronic Load Control (ELC) adalah suatu unit kontrol yang sudah sangat umum digunakan pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) yang menggunakan generator sinkron. Alat ini digunakan untuk menjaga frekuensi jaringan agar tetap pada harga presetnya. ELC mengatur daya dummy load ketika daya yang mengalir ke beban berubah-ubah. Menjaga frekuensi sama halnya dengan menjaga daya keluaran dari PLTMH (generator). Jika ada perubahan pada beban, ELC mengatur daya yang mengalir ke ballast (dummy load) secara elektronik, yaitu dengan melakukan pencacahan gelombang tegangannya. Operasi ini akan membangkitkan harmonisa yang bisa menimbulkan permasalahan seperti terganggunya peralatan audio dan gagalnya sistem proteksi. Paper ini mengevaluasi kandungan harmonisa yang ditimbulkan oleh ELC dalam Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) dan pengaruhnya pada tegangan sistem. Evaluasi eksperimental telah dilakukan baik di laboratorium maupun di PLTMH demikian pula dengan analisis terhadap karakteristik harmonisanya. Ternyata ELC membangkitkan harmonisa melampaui batas yang telah ditetapkan oleh IEEE 519-1992 demikian pula pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas tegangan sistem.

Kata kunci: PLTMH, Electronic Load Control (ELC), ballast, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).
OPTIMALISASI KAPASITAS GERBANG TOL SEMANGGI I DAN SEMANGGI II TERHADAP PANJANG ANTRIAN KENDARAAN
Authors: Nadjam Achmad , NURRIFAI NURRIFAI , ADYATMOKO ACHMAD 
Published: October 2023

Research on optimization of the capacity of toll gate semanggi 1 and 2 to long queues of vehicles is done by the queue theory approach and the capacity of the toll gate. Calculation of additional substation on the optimal number of toll gate semanggi 1 and 2 uses multiserver queuing theory. To address the causes of the most dominant variable in the long queue of vehicles is done by statistical tests. Increasing the number of substations which is done must be adjusted by the number of long queues of vehicles that are allowed by the minister for state owned company is 5 vehicles. The research methodology used is to conduct a survey of service time, the volume of vehicular traffic, the caused of the long queues of vehicles and open-close timing of toll gate semanggi 1. Based on the analysis obtained by calculating the optimal number of substations, based on normal conditions, changes in payment mechanisms and arrangements open and close toll gates semanggi 1 variable causes the most dominant long queue which is dated within one month of the service time of the transaction, a large nominal payment to the substation as well as the date of service time in 1 month and non-normal behavior of users jointly affect the service time of transactions. The result is the calculation of the optimal number of substations based on the change in payment mechanism at toll gate semanggi 1 with 3 main substations, while the toll gate semanggi 2 with 4 main substations. The optimum number of substations based on normal conditions at toll gate semanggi 1 are 4 main substations, while the toll gate semanggi 2 are 2 main substations and 2 tandem substations, while the number of substations based on the optimal open-close system at toll gate semanggi 1, at toll gate clover 1 is 4 main substations, while at toll gate semanggi 2 by 4 main substations. The timing for the opening and closing of toll gate semanggi 1 is 11 minutes for closing time, and 49 minutes for every hour of time in the open condition.
Key words: optimization, toll gate capacity, queuing vehicles
Disfunção de olfato decorrente da COVID-19: Uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Carvalho Bruna Damas de , Mendanha Thassio Sabino , Vasconcelos Milena Bentivoglio Cunha Naves , Farias Thiago Bernardes de , Oliveira Lizandra Gomes de , Brito Luana Mesquita , Martins Matheus Vaz , Torrico Gabriel Rosa , Farias Gabriela Bernardes de , El Rifai Mario 
Published: October 2023

Introdução: existem relatos de uma manifestação secundária à infecção e atuação viral no organismo: distúrbios do olfato e, consequentemente, do paladar, e que estão presentes antes mesmo da confirmação molecular da infecção causada por SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: responder quais são os mecanismos de disfunções olfatórias decorrentes da Covid-19, bem como fatores de risco e possíveis intervenções. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura. A pesquisa foi realizada através do acesso online nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Google Scholar, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e EBSCO Information Services, no mês de agosto de 2021. Resultados: Os mecanismos dos distúrbios olfatórios relacionados à infecção por SARS-CoV-2 ainda são desconhecidos, mas é provavelmente o resultado de vários padrões, como edema da mucosa nasal, dano epitelial olfatório e até mesmo envolvimento da região central vias olfativas. Foi demonstrado que a expressão de enzima conversora de angiotensina (ACE2) foi encontrada na camada basal do epitélio escamoso não queratinizante na mucosa nasal e oral e na nasofaringe. Conclusão: Podem ocorrer distúrbios olfativo-gustativos em intensidades variáveis e prévios aos sintomas gerais da Covid-19, devem ser considerados como parte dos sintomas da doença, mesmo em quadros leves. Não há ainda evidências científicas de tratamentos específicos para tais distúrbios na Covid-19, sendo de importância que estudos posteriores consigam, por meio de empirismo clínico, melhor propedêutica para esses casos, principalmente aqueles que manifestam-se como sequela duradoura da infecção por SARS-CoV-2.
Cognitive reappraisal in mHealth interventions to foster mental health in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Morello Karolina , Schäfer Sarah K. , Kunzler Angela M. , Priesterroth Lilli-Sophie , Tüscher Oliver , Kubiak Thomas 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAn increasing number of mHealth interventions aim to contribute to mental healthcare of which interventions that foster cognitive reappraisal may be particularly effective.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of mHealth interventions enhancing cognitive reappraisal to improve mental health in adult populations.MethodsThe literature search (four databases) yielded 30 eligible randomized controlled trials (comprising 3,904 participants). We performed a multi-level meta-analysis to examine differences between intervention and comparator conditions at post-intervention assessment. Moderator analyses were conducted for potential moderator variables (e.g., type of comparators).ResultsMost interventions were CBT-based with other training components in addition to cognitive reappraisal. We found preliminary evidence for a small to medium effect favouring mHealth interventions to enhance cognitive reappraisal over comparators, M(SMD) = 0.34, p = .002. When analysing single symptoms, there was evidence for a small to medium effect of mHealth interventions on anxiety and depressive symptoms, but not for psychological distress and well-being. All analyses showed substantial heterogeneity. Moderator analyses revealed evidence for more favourable effects in studies with passive comparators. There was an overall high risk of bias in most of the studies.ConclusionsWe found preliminary evidence for a small to medium effect of mHealth interventions including a cognitive reappraisal component to improve mental health. However, most of the interventions were complex (i.e., reappraisal was provided alongside other components), which prevents us from examining reappraisal-specific effects beyond general mental health promotion in mHealth. Dismantling studies examining the effects of single intervention components are warranted to corroborate these promising results.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=142149, identifier [CRD42019142149].
Crustal structure and deformation mechanism of the western northeast Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Zining , Xiong Xiaosong , Wu Guowei , Li Zhichao , Ye Zhuo , Jin Zhongyuan 
Published: October 2023

The collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates continues to drive significant deformation and uplift within the interior of the Tibetan Plateau, together with its outward expansion along the margins. In particular, the North Qilian Shan fold-thrust belt (NQLS) and the Hexi Corridor basins (HXBS) represent the northernmost region of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. This area serves as a natural laboratory for deciphering mechanisms of crustal deformation and thickening along the plateau’s margins. Specifically, the northeastern Tibetan Plateau has been attributed to 1) southward underthrusting of the Asian lithosphere, 2) distributed shortening and crustal thickening, 3) vertical inflation of the Tibetan crust due to mid-lower crustal channel flow, and 4) intracontinental subduction facilitated by large-scale strike–slip faults. The exact mechanism underlying the most concentrated convergent stress in the western segment of NQLS–HXBS remains a subject of debate. To address this uncertainty, we gathered seismic data along a 130-km-long linear array that extends northward from NQLS, traversing the Jiuquan Basin and reaching the Huahai Basin. Our analysis, conducted through the receiver function method, reveals intriguing findings. The Moho depth deepens from 45–50 km beneath the Huahai Basin to 55–60 km beneath NQLS. Notably, a double Moho structure emerged, marked by a distinctive near-flat positive amplitude at a depth of 45–50 km beneath NQLS within a distance of 0–50 km. Our study presents a comprehensive analysis of the crust-scale deformation mechanism, shedding light on the following key aspects: 1) the development of a decollement at 12–20 km depth decoupling the upper and lower crust; 2) deformation of the upper crust occurring through south-dipping brittle thrust faults, while the lower crust features imbricate structures and duplexes; 3) evidence pointing to the underthrusting of the Beishan Block beneath NQLS, indicated by the double Moho beneath NQLS; and 4) the formation of a Moho ramp beneath the Jiuquan Basin, facilitating the transfer of shortening stress from beneath NQLS and HXBS to the north. In the context of the western segment of NQLS and HXBS, our speculation is that coupled distributed shortening and Beishan Block subduction beneath NQLS work in tandem to accommodate crustal deformation.
Elderly rats fed with a high-fat high-sucrose diet developed sex-dependent metabolic syndrome regardless of long-term metformin and liraglutide treatment
Authors: Ivić Vedrana , Zjalić Milorad , Blažetić Senka , Fenrich Matija , Labak Irena , Scitovski Rudolf , Szűcs Kálmán Ferenc , Ducza Eszter , Tábi Tamás , Bagamery Fruzsina , Szökő Éva , Vuković Rosemary , Rončević Alen , Mandić Dario , Debeljak Željko , Berecki Monika , Balog Marta , Seres-Bokor Adrienn , Sztojkov-Ivanov Anita , Hajagos-Tóth Judit , Gajović Srećko , Imširović Alen , Bakula Marina , Mahiiovych Solomiia , Gaspar Robert , Vari Sandor G. , Heffer Marija 
Published: October 2023

Aim/IntroductionThe study aimed to determine the effectiveness of early antidiabetic therapy in reversing metabolic changes caused by high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) in both sexes.MethodsElderly Sprague–Dawley rats, 45 weeks old, were randomized into four groups: a control group fed on the standard diet (STD), one group fed the HFHSD, and two groups fed the HFHSD along with long-term treatment of either metformin (HFHSD+M) or liraglutide (HFHSD+L). Antidiabetic treatment started 5 weeks after the introduction of the diet and lasted 13 weeks until the animals were 64 weeks old.ResultsUnexpectedly, HFHSD-fed animals did not gain weight but underwent significant metabolic changes. Both antidiabetic treatments produced sex-specific effects, but neither prevented the onset of prediabetes nor diabetes.ConclusionLiraglutide vested benefits to liver and skeletal muscle tissue in males but induced signs of insulin resistance in females.
The effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on the local immune response of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2
Authors: Wu Anyue , Niu Jing , Hong Zubei , Gu Liying , Huang Yuli , Qiu Lihua 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate and elucidate the effects and mechanism of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on the local immune response of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2).Materials and methodsImmunofluorescence staining was used to compare immune cells infiltration before and after ALA-PDT in 23 patients with CIN2. The infiltration of immune cells into the cervical tissues of patients with different outcomes was also compared at the 6-month follow-up period. Immune cell counts in samples collected before and after treatment were compared.ResultsWe found an increased number of CD8+ T cell infiltration, an increased proportion of CD8+ T cells expressing Granzyme B (GrB), Chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3), and CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells, and a decreased proportion of CD8+ T cells expressing PD-1 in patients with CIN2 compared to that before ALA-PDT. Moreover, at the 6-month follow-up, there was higher infiltration of CD8+ T and CD8+ TRM cells, higher expression of GrB and CXCR3, and lower expression of PD-1 on CD8+ T cells in the HPV clearance and CIN2 disappearance groups than in the HPV-positive and CIN2 regression groups. However, no significant difference was observed in the number of CD8+ TSCM following ALA-PDT.ConclusionALA-PDT could activate CD8+ T cell responses by modulating the expression of CXCR3 and PD-1 in CD8+ T cells and increasing the infiltration of CD8+ TRM cells. And the infiltration of CD8+ T cells is correlated with the prognosis of CIN2.
Climate-specific health literacy in health professionals: an exploratory study
Authors: Albrecht Lorenz , Reismann Lydia , Leitzmann Michael , Bernardi Christine , von Sommoggy Julia , Weber Andrea , Jochem Carmen 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundHealth professionals such as physicians and nurses may play an important role in the transformation process towards a healthy, sustainable and climate-sensitive society. However, little is known about their climate-specific health literacy. This study aimed to assess knowledge regarding climate change and its impacts on health and climate-specific health literacy in health professionals.MethodsIn July/August 2022, a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was carried out at the University Hospital Regensburg, Germany, to assess climate-specific health literacy in nurses and physicians from various clinical specialties. Descriptive and exploratory statistical analyses were performed.ResultsThe study population consisted of 142 participants (57.7% women; response rate: 24,7%). Most participants (93%) considered climate change to be highly relevant. However, only 12% of respondents stated to be very well informed regarding the general consequences of climate change. Although 57% of all participants had never mentioned climate change in relation to health to their patients, participants with higher levels of knowledge regarding the effects of climate change were more likely to mention it compared to those with lower levels of knowledge. The most frequently stated obstacle to integrate the topic of climate change in clinical work was lack of time during work (79%), not enough information (42%) and lacking materials (39%). Differences between health professions were apparent.ConclusionThe results of our survey suggest that the current state of climate-specific health literacy differs between different groups of health professionals. There is a need to improve health professionals’ levels of climate-specific health literacy and to increase the potential in interprofessional cooperation regarding planetary health.
Optimized high-definition tDCS in patients with skull defects and skull plates
Authors: Guillen Alexander , Truong Dennis Q. , Datta Abhishek , Huang Yu 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to benefit patients with brain lesions or traumatic brain injury (TBI). These patients usually have skull defects with different sizes and electrical conductivities. There is very little data in the literature that show how to optimally stimulate these patients with the presence of skull defects.MethodsHere we leveraged high-resolution (1 mm) realistic head models to explore the best montages targeting right beneath the skull defects with different sizes and conductivities. Specifically, open-source software ROAST was used to solve for the lead field on the publicly available MIDA model. Four different skull defects/plates were modeled with the center above the right primary motor cortex: a larger defect (10 cm diameter) modeled as either titanium or acrylic plate, and a smaller defect (2.5 cm diameter) modeled as either acute state filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or chronic state with scar tissue. Optimized stimulation with maximal intensity was run using ROAST targeting the right primary motor cortex.ResultsWe show that optimized high-definition montages can achieve an average of 0.3 V/m higher stimulation intensities at the target compared to un-optimized montages (M1-SO or 4×1). Large skull defects with titanium or acrylic plates significantly reduce the stimulation intensity by about 80%, while small defects with acute (CSF) or chronic (scar) tissues significantly increase the stimulation intensity by about 200%. Furthermore, one can use M1-SO to achieve almost the same stimulation strength as the optimized montage if the skull has a large defect with titanium plate, and there is no significant difference in stimulation intensity between 4×1 montage and the optimized montage for small skull defects with scar tissue.DiscussionBased on this work, future modeling studies leveraging individual anatomy of skull defects may help guide tDCS practice on patients with skull defects and skull plates.
Guanylate cyclase-C Signaling Axis as a theragnostic target in colorectal cancer: a systematic review of literature
Authors: Piroozkhah Moein , Aghajani Ali , Jalali Pooya , Shahmoradi Arvin , Piroozkhah Mobin , Tadlili Younes , Salehi Zahra 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is a devastating disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Recent research has highlighted the crucial role of the guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) signaling axis in CRC, from the early stages of tumorigenesis to disease progression. GC-C is activated by endogenous peptides guanylin (GU) and uroguanylin (UG), which are critical in maintaining intestinal fluid homeostasis. However, it has been found that these peptides may also contribute to the development of CRC. This systematic review focuses on the latest research on the GC-C signaling axis in CRC.MethodsAccording to the aim of the study, a systematic literature search was conducted on Medline and PubMed databases. Ultimately, a total of 40 articles were gathered for the systematic review.ResultsOur systematic literature search revealed that alterations in GC-C signaling compartments in CRC tissue have demonstrated potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers. This research highlights a potential treatment for CRC by targeting the GC-C signaling axis. Promising results from recent studies have explored the use of this signaling axis to develop new vaccines and chimeric antigen receptors that may be used in future clinical trials.ConclusionThe findings presented in this review provide compelling evidence that targeting the GC-C signaling axis may be an advantageous approach for treating CRC.
A Swin transformer and MLP based method for identifying cherry ripeness and decay
Authors: Song Ke , Yang Jiwen , Wang Guohui 
Published: October 2023

Cherries are a nutritionally beneficial and economically significant crop, with fruit ripeness and decay (rot or rupture) being critical indicators in the cherry sorting process. Therefore, accurately identifying the maturity and decay of cherries is crucial in cherry processing. With advancements in artificial intelligence technology, many studies have utilized photographs for non-destructive detection of fruit appearance quality. This paper proposes a cherry appearance quality identification method based on the Swin Transformer, which utilizes the Swin Transformer to extract cherry image feature information and then imports the feature information into classifiers such as multi-layer perceptron(MLP) and support vector machine(SVM) for classification. Through the comparison of multiple classifiers, the optimal classifier, namely, MLP, in combination with the Swin Transformer is obtained. Furthermore, performance comparisons are conducted with the original Swin-T method, traditional CNN models, and traditional CNN models combined with MLP. The results demonstrate the following: 1) The proposed method based on the Swin Transformer and MLP achieves an accuracy rate of 98.5%, which is 2.1% higher than the original Swin-T model and 1.0% higher than the best-performing combination of traditional CNN model and MLP. 2) The training time required for the Swin Transformer and MLP is only 78.43 s, significantly faster than other models. The experimental results indicate that the innovative approach of combining the Swin Transformer and MLP shows excellent performance in identifying cherry ripeness and decay. The successful application of this method provides a new solution for determining cherry appearance ripeness and decay. Therefore, this method plays a significant role in promoting the development of cherry sorting machines.