bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimerization and Crowding in the Binding of Interleukin 8 to Dendritic Glycosaminoglycans as Artificial Proteoglycans
Authors: Dürig Jan‐Niklas , Schulze Christian , Bosse Mathias , Penk Anja , Huster Daniel , Keller Sandro , Rademann Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe interactions of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) with proteins of the extracellular matrix govern and regulate complex physiological functions including cellular growth, immune response, and inflammation. Repetitive presentation of GAG binding motifs, as found in native proteoglycans, might enhance GAG‐protein binding through multivalent interactions. Here, we report the chemical synthesis of dendritic GAG oligomers constructed of nonasulfated hyaluronan tetrasaccharides for investigating the binding of the protein chemokine interleukin 8 (IL‐8) to artificial, well‐defined proteoglycan architectures. Binding of mutant monomeric and native dimerizable IL‐8 was investigated by NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry. Dendritic oligomerization of GAG increased the binding affinity of both monomeric and dimeric IL‐8. Monomeric IL‐8 bound to monomeric and dimeric GAG with KD values of 7.3 and 0.108 μM, respectively. The effect was less pronounced for dimerizable wild‐type IL‐8, for which GAG dimerization improved the affinity from 34 to 5 nM. Binding of dimeric IL‐8 to oligomeric GAG was limited by steric crowding effects, strongly reducing the affinity of subsequent binding events. In conclusion, the strongest effect of GAG oligomerization was the amplified binding of IL‐8 monomers, which might concentrate monomeric protein in the extracellular matrix and thus promote protein dimerization under physiological conditions.
Synthesis of 3‐Phenylserine by a Two‐enzyme Cascade System with PLP Cofactor
Authors: Xu Mengjiao , Tan Zhuotao , Qi Siyu , Na Qi , Zhang Xiaowang , Zhuang Wei , Zhu Chenjie , Ying Hanjie , Shen Tao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA two‐enzyme cascade system containing ω‐transaminase (ω‐TA) and L‐threonine aldolase (L‐ThA) was reported for the synthesis of 3‐Phenylserine starting from benzylamine, and PLP was utilized as the only cofactor in these both two enzymes reaction system. Based on the transamination results, benzylamine was optimized as an advantageous amino donor as confirmed by MD simulation results. This cascade reaction system could not only facilitate the in situ removal of the co‐product benzaldehyde, enhancing the economic viability of the reaction, but also establish a novel pathway for synthesizing high‐value phenyl‐serine derivatives. In our study, nearly 95 % of benzylamine was converted, yielding over 54 % of 3‐Phenylserine under the optimized conditions cascade reaction.
Tumor Targeted Cuprous‐Based Nanocomposite as Responsive Cascade Nanocatalyst for Efficient Tumor Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Gao Weihua , Zhang Jie , Ding Lina , Chang Yi , Gao Fangli , Yang Pengfei , Ma Xiaoming , Guo Yuming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe single‐functionality of traditional chemodynamic therapy (CDT) reagents usually limits the therapeutic efficacy of cancer treatment. Synergistic nanocomposites that involve cascade reaction provide a promising strategy to achieve satisfactory anticancer effects. Herein, a cuprous‐based nanocomposite (CCS@GOx@HA) is fabricated, which owns the tumor targeting ability and can undergo tumor microenvironment responsive cascade reaction to enhance the tumor therapeutic efficiency significantly. Surface modification of nanocomposite with hyaluronic acid enables the targeted delivery of the nanocomposite to cancer cells. Acid‐triggered decomposition of nanocomposite in cancer cell results in the release of Cu+, Se2− and GOx. The Cu+ improves the Fenton‐like reaction with endogenous H2O2 to generate highly toxic • OH for CDT. While GOx can not only catalyze the in situ generation of endogenous H2O2, but also accelerate the consumption of intratumoral glucose to reduce nutrient supply in tumor site. In addition, Se2− further improves the therapeutic effects of CDT by upregulating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor cells. Meanwhile, the surface modification endows the nanocomposite the good water dispersibility and biocompatibility. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate satisfactory anti‐cancer therapeutic performance by the synergistic cascade function of CCS@GOx@HA than CDT alone.
Porous Carbon Foam with Carbon Nanotubes as Cathode for Li−CO2 Batteries
Authors: Ji Xu , Liu Yang , Zhang Zhuxi , Cui Jiabao , Fan Yangyang , Qiao Yun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the extensive use of fossil fuels, the ever‐increasing greenhouse gas of mainly carbon dioxide emissions will result in global climate change. It is of utmost importance to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and its utilization. Li−CO2 batteries can convert carbon dioxide into electrochemical energy. However, developing efficient catalysts for the decomposition of Li2CO3 as the discharge product represents a challenge in Li−CO2 batteries. Herein, we demonstrate a carbon foam composite with growing carbon nanotube by using cobalt as the catalyst, showing the ability to enhance the decomposition rate of Li2CO3, and thus improve the electrochemical performance of Li−CO2 batteries. Benefiting from its abundant pore structure and catalytic sites, the as‐assembled Li−CO2 battery exhibits a desirable overpotential of 1.67 V after 50 cycles. Moreover, the overpotentials are 1.05 and 2.38 V at current densities of 0.02 and 0.20 mA cm−2, respectively. These results provide a new avenue for the development of efficient catalysts for Li−CO2 batteries.
Unveiling the Anomaly of Reduction of Carborane‐bis‐silylene‐Stabilised Silylone/Germylone Leading to Unusual Oxidation of Si0/Ge0 to SiI/GeI with EDA‐NOCV Analyses
Authors: Suthar Sonam , Mondal Kartik Chandra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearchers have successfully isolated Si0/Ge0 species, termed silylone and germylone, with two lone pairs of electrons on them. These elusive compounds have been stabilised in singlet ground states by using different donor base ligands. Driess et al. in particular have made strides in this area, isolating carborane‐bis‐silylene‐stabilised silylone/germylone and their N+/Pb analogues. Carborane (C2B10H10) plays a pivotal role as a redox‐active ligand, converting from closo‐carborane to nido‐carborane with the addition of two electrons. Notably, anomalous oxidation of Si0/Ge0 centres in carborane‐bis‐silylene‐stabilised species to SiI/GeI has been reported, resulting in the formation of dimeric SiI−SiI/GeI−GeI di‐cationic units. The energy decomposition analysis coupled with natural orbital for chemical valence (EDA‐NOCV) study focuses on the carborane‐bis‐silylene ligand in the free state, and its three other species, including silylone/germylone species. Interestingly, it reveals that the carborane unit in an anionic doublet state tends to form one electron‐sharing bond and one dative bond with the counter fragment in its cationic doublet state. This helps us to rationalise why the carborane unit undergoes intramolecular electronic rearrangements leading to the formation of a di‐anionic carborane unit with a significantly elongated C−C bond (2.38–2.68 Å) and undergoes unusual oxidation of Si0/Ge0 to SiI/GeI.
Supramolecular Polymer Network based on Electrophilic Substitution (ES) Adduct of Furan‐Triazolinedione
Authors: Pal Tuhin Subhra , Mondal Prantik , Kundu Niloy , Chakraborty Swadhin , Ganguly Debabrata , Singha Nikhil K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolymers with furan functionality have been the subject of extensive research on developing sustainable materials applying a limited number of dynamic covalent approaches. Herein, we introduce a facile, dynamic non‐covalent approach to make a furan polymer readily accessible for self‐healing applications based on its electrophilic substitution (ES) with a commercially available 1,2,4‐triazoline‐3,5‐dione (TAD) derivative, 4‐phenyl‐TAD (PTAD). A tailor‐made furan polymer, poly(furfuryl methacrylate) (PFMA), considering it an initial illustrative example, was rapidly ES modified with PTAD to produce furfuryl‐tagged triazolidine that subsequently associated via inter‐molecular hydrogen (H−) bonding to produce a thermally reversible supramolecular polymer network under ambient conditions. The H‐bonded network was experimentally quantified via ATR‐IR analysis and theoretically rationalized via the density functional theory (DFT) study using smaller organic model compounds analogous to the macromolecular system. Thermoreversible feature of the H‐bonded triazolidine‐derived supramolecular polymer network enabled the solution reprocessing and self‐healing of the polymer material.
Solid‐State Generation of Diarylisonaphthofuran and Its Mechanochemical Diels–Alder Reaction with Epoxynaphthalene
Authors: Wada Yoshifumi , Tsuchihashi Keidai , Kanzaki Masayoshi , Hamura Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Toshiyuki Hamura and co‐workers at Kwansei Gakuin University. The image depicts solid‐state generation of diarylisonaphthofuran from 1,3‐diaryl‐1,3‐dihydronaphthofuranol and its mechanochemical Diels–Alder reaction with epoxynaphthalene. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202302660.
Impact of an automated, remote monitoring and coaching intervention in reducing hospice cancer family caregiving burden: A multisite randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mooney Kathi H. , Coombs Lorinda A. , Whisenant Meagan S. , Wilson Christina M. , Moraitis Ann Marie , Steinbach Mary N. , Sloss Elizabeth A. , Lloyd Jennifer L. E. , Alekhina Natalya , Berry Patricia H. , Kang Youjeong , Iacob Eli , Donaldson Gary W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundCare for those with life‐limiting cancer heavily involves family caregivers who may experience significant physical and emotional burden. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of Symptom Care at Home (SCH), an automated digital family caregiver coaching intervention, during home hospice, when compared to usual hospice care (UC) on the primary outcome of overall caregiver burden. Secondary outcomes included Caregiver Burden at weeks 1 and 8, Mood and Vitality subscales, overall moderate‐to‐severe caregiving symptoms, and sixth month spouse/partner bereavement outcomes.MethodsUsing a randomized, multisite, nonblinded controlled trial, 332 cancer family caregivers were enrolled and analyzed (159 SCH vs. 173 UC). Caregivers were primarily White (92%), female (69%), and spouse caregivers (53%). Caregivers provided daily reports on severity levels (0–10 scale) for their anxiety, depressed mood, fatigue, disturbed sleep, and caregiving interference with normal activities. These scores combined constituted the Caregiver Burden primary outcome. Based on reported symptoms, SCH caregivers received automated, tailored coaching about improving their well‐being. Reports of moderate‐to‐severe caregiving symptoms also triggered hospice nurse notification. Secondary outcomes of Mood and Vitality were subcomponents of the Caregiver Burden score. A combined bereavement adjustment tool captured sixth month bereavement.ResultsThe SCH intervention reduced overall Caregiver Burden compared to UC (p < .001), with a 38% reduction at 8 weeks and a medium‐to‐large effect size (d = .61). SCH caregivers experienced less (p < .001) disruption in both Mood and Vitality. There were higher levels of moderate‐to‐severe caregiving symptoms overtime in UC (OR, 2.722). All SCH caregivers benefited regardless of caregiver: sex, caregiver relationship, age, patient diagnosis and family income. SCH spouse/partner caregivers achieved better sixth month bereavement adjustment than UC (p < .007).ConclusionsThe SCH intervention significantly decreased caregiving burden over UC and supports the maintenance of family caregiver mood and vitality throughout caregiving with extended benefit into bereavement.
Female and preserved platelet count subgroups of myelodysplastic syndrome patients benefit from standard‐dose azacitidine
Authors: Ogawa Shinichi , Sakamoto Tatsuhiro , Matsuoka Ryota , Ishitsuka Kantaro , Ogino Yasuko , Sootome Ayano , Makishima Kenichi , Yoshida Chikashi , Ito Yufu , Shimizu Seiichi , Suyama Takuya , Shinagawa Atsushi , Ito Takayoshi , Obara Naoshi , Kusakabe Manabu , Sakata‐Yanagimoto Mamiko , Miyazaki Yasushi , Nannya Yasuhito , Chiba Shigeru 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypomethylating agents, including azacytidine (AZA), are standard therapeutics for patients with high‐risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a group of myeloid neoplasms. However, treatment schedules are not unified in real‐world practice; in addition to the standard 7‐day (standard‐dose) schedule, shortened (reduced‐dose) schedules are also used.AimsThe aim of this study was to discover the patient group(s) which show differential efficacy between standard‐and reduced‐dose AZA to MDS.Methods and ResultsThe outcome of different AZA doses in a cohort of 151 MDS patients were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival (OS) was not significantly different between standard‐ and reduced‐dose AZA groups by multivariate analysis. However, an interaction was found between either the sex (female vs. male), the platelet counts (< 40 × 103/μl vs. ≥ 40 × 103/μl), or the karyotype risk (< poor vs. ≥ poor) and standard‐dose AZA for longer OS. Subgroup analyses revealed better OS with standard‐ over reduced‐dose AZA in female patients (HR, 0.27 [95% CI, 0.090‐0.79]; p = 0.011), and those with platelet counts ≥ 40 × 103/μl (HR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.26‐0.99]; p = 0.041). The union of female and preserved platelet count subgroups also benefited from standard‐dose AZA. With this as a test cohort, we next analyzed patients registered in the JALSG MDS212 study, for whom 7‐day and 5‐day AZA treatment strategies were prospectively compared, as a validation cohort (N = 172). That cohort showed the same tendency as the retrospective results.ConclusionWe identified the union of female and preserved platelet count subgroups which benefited from standard‐dose AZA, imparting crucial information to physicians planning treatment regimens in MDS patients.
Design of Refined Quaternary Electrolyte LiF−LiCl−LiBr−LiI Used for the Liquid Metal Battery
Authors: Zhao Xing , Guo Yongquan , Lu Shuo , Hui Yuzheng , Yin Linhan , Yang Zhenyu , Li Baorang , Guo Xinpeng , Wang Xinqiao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe advanced electrolyte of liquid metal battery should have low melting point, low ionic solubility, low viscosity, high electric and thermal conductivities, and a suitable density between anode and cathode for declining the operating temperature and realizing the goal of saving‐energy. In this study, an excellent quaternary LiF−LiCl−LiBr−LiI (9.1 : 30.0 : 21.7 : 39.2) electrolyte is refined by using thermodynamic models to balance various properties of LiX (X=F, Cl, Br, I) and meet the requirement of advanced electrolyte of liquid metal battery. The refined properties of electrolyte correspond to 2.398 g/cm3 for density, 0.286 mol% for solubility, 4.486 Ohm−1 cm−1 for ionic conductivity, and 0.609 W m−1 for thermal conductivity. The measured melting point is 609.1 K, which is lower than the current operating temperature of 723 K for the lithium‐based liquid metal battery. The refined electrolyte consisted by quaternary halide molten‐salt provides important references for preparing the advanced liquid metal battery.
Energy analysis using semi‐Markov modeling for the base station in 5G networks
Authors: Aggarwal Anisha , Selvamuthu Dharmaraja 
Published: November 2023

SummaryWith the increasing prevalence of wireless sensor networks, the uninterrupted operation of these networks becomes essential. To ensure continuous functionality, wireless networks rely on available base stations (BSs). However, the persistent operation of BSs comes at the cost of substantial energy consumption. Consequently, given the surge in wireless network traffic and the necessity for uninterrupted BS availability, energy efficiency within the BS becomes a concerning issue. To address this, the study employs a semi‐Markov model to depict the availability of the BS, with states corresponding to the failures of its components (baseband unit, remote unit, and software module). The analysis yields a steady‐state solution, with reward rates assigned to each state based on the energy consumption of individual BS components. This approach enables the determination of the expected energy consumption within this model. Additionally, the BS's throughput is assessed using an M/G/1 queueing model with server breakdown.
eDNA metabarcoding analysis reveals the consequence of creating ecosystem‐scale refugia from deer grazing for the soil microbial communities
Authors: Kadowaki Kohmei , Honjo Mie N. , Nakamura Naoto , Kitagawa Yoichiro , Ishihara Masae I. , Matsuoka Shunsuke , Tachiki Yuuya , Fukushima Keitaro , Sakaguchi Shota , Mizuki Inoue , Fujiki Daisuke , Sakai Masaru , Takayanagi Atsushi , Yamasaki Michimasa , Tokuchi Naoko , Takahashi Daiki , Nagasawa Koki , Masuda Kazutoshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUngulate overbrowsing is a growing problem in forests worldwide due to its prolonged and pervasive impact on plant biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. It has been shown that overbrowsing not only reduces plant species diversity and biomass (i.e., direct effects) but also causes a loss of associated trophic levels that could potentially feedback to influence plant community structure (i.e., indirect effects). One of the primary pathways of such indirect effects that have not been fully examined is the impact of overbrowsing on soil microorganisms. Recent studies have shown that soil microorganisms maintain vegetation diversity and drive succession, so it is of critical importance to understand how soil microbial communities might be affected by or protected from the deer impact. To assess the consequence of creating artificial grazing refugia on the structure and composition of soil microbial communities, we compared the distribution and abundance of soil microbial taxa (bacteria, archaea, fungi) at the fenced versus unfenced control sites in the context of a catchment‐scale field experiment in Japan. The eDNA metabarcoding analysis of soil microbial communities showed that the numbers of archaea and basidiomycetes fungal species were greater in the fenced site than in the control, while no such pattern was found for bacteria and ascomycetes fungi. Despite the lack of significant influence of the fence treatment on taxonomic composition in the soil fungal communities, their functional guild composition was influenced by the fenced treatment, with significant changes in the abundance of animal pathogens. Thus, although the effect of fencing on soil microbial communities is characterized by complex responses that vary from taxon to taxon, our work suggests that creating ecosystem‐scale refugia from deer overgrazing might help sustain certain, if not all, taxa of soil microbial communities.
Catalyst‐Free Regioselective 1,2‐Diheterofunctionalization of Vinylferrocene
Authors: García‐Martínez Patricia , Crespo Andrés , González Javier , Borge Javier , López Luis A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we report a catalyst‐free aminohalogenation process applied to vinylferrocene, employing N‐halosuccinimides (NXS; X=Cl, Br, I) as dual nitrogen and halogen sources. This 1,2‐diheterofunctionalization reaction takes place with complete regioselectivity, wherein the terminal carbon atom of the vinyl group selectively reacts with the electrophilic halogenating reagent, resulting in the formation of a cationic intermediate, which is subsequently captured by the succinimide anion. The structure of the key cationic intermediate was studied using theoretical methods. This intermediate can react with alternative nucleophiles, enabling a three‐component strategy for the synthesis of novel 1,2‐diheterofunctionalized ferrocene derivatives.
Copper‐Catalyzed Stepwise Aerobic Oxidation/N‐Arylation from Benzothiazole
Authors: Chen Li , Li Xuezhen , Xu Keliang , Xu Qi , Liu Yan , Liu Ping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report herein an efficient synthesis of 3‐arylbenzothiazolin‐2‐one compounds. First, substituted benzothiazoles can be smoothly oxidized to benzothiazolin‐2‐one derivatives in the presence of CuCl2 and trifluoroacetic anhydride. Secondly, the Cu2S‐catalyzed N‐arylation of benzothiazolin‐2‐one with arylboronic acids yields a series of novel 3‐aryl benzothiazolin‐2‐one derivatives. The method provides good yields for a variety of substrates and shows good compatibility with functional groups. The usefulness of the skeleton was further illustrated by the derivatization of 3‐aryl‐benzothiazolin‐2‐one. Mechanistic studies suggest that the oxidation of benzothiazole may undergo a free radical reaction process.
Developmental validation of a novel 8‐dye fluorescent typing system with 59 Y‐STRs and 3 Y‐indels for forensic applications
Authors: Liu Yanan , Liu Tiezhu , Chen Ronghua , Hao Sijing , Li Shilin , Tang Zhen , Xia Mingying , Li Xiuli , Cheng Cheng , Li Qinli , Li Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn 8‐dye fluorescence‐labeling forensic Y‐chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y‐STRs) kit, the 62‐plex Y‐STR multiplex amplification system, was developed and optimized. The system was validated by testing PCR conditions, stutter ratios (SR) and peak height ratios, sensitivity, mixture samples, precision and accuracy, species‐specificity, and inhibition studies according to the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods guidelines. PCR‐based studies showed that the recommended PCR conditions were optimized for this kit. In the sensitivity study, a full profile was obtained from template DNA with a quantity of u125 pg. Consistent profiles were obtained from three different laboratories. The SRs in all loci were less than 15%, and nice balance and suitable average peak height were shown. No peaks were detected in the profiles of common animal species and microorganisms. In the male–male mixture studies, all loci were observed at a ratio of 1:8, and in the male–female mixture study, all alleles could be profiled at a ratio of 1:500 if the male DNA inputs were ≥0.5 ng/µL. An inhibitor study demonstrated that the kit had varying degrees of resistance to the presence of common inhibitors. Population study demonstrated the 62‐plex Y‐STR Kit improved the power of discrimination in unrelated Chinese Han males (n = 192). When haplotype diversity was 1, the probability of discrimination power of the 62‐plex Y‐STR Kit was 0.9948, which is suitable for forensic investigations. The results show that the developed 8‐dye fluorescence labeling 62 loci system is sensitive, robust, convenient, and highly informative for forensic applications.