bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency, Management and Outcome of Postpartum Hemorrhage at a tertiary care Hospital.
Authors: Nailla Yousuf  , Prof. Farida Farooq  , Khalid Yousuf  , Raisham Ali  , , Farkhana Yasmeen  , Shabana Ramzan  
Published: January 2024

Introduction: According to WHO, world estimates of 2017, 295 000 maternal deaths were reported all over the world and maternal mortality rate ranged from UI 99 to 243 per 100 000 live births. There has been 35% reduction since year 2000. Similarly, there has been 51% reduction in maternal mortality rate in Pakistan. 94% of all maternal deaths occur in low and lower middle-income countries. The major complications that account for nearly 75% of all maternal deaths are: severe bleeding mostly Post-Partum Hemorrhage (PPH), Postpartum sepsis, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia and other.
Objective: To find out the frequency of patients presenting with PPH among all patients delivered during the study period, their management and subsequent morbidity and mortality.
Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted between January 2018 to December 2019 at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology PUMHS Hospital Nawabshah, Benazirabad. The demography, parity, gestational age, mode of delivery and type of PPH developed as well as treatment for PPH and subsequent morbidity and mortality were all documented. Data analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: During study period frequency of PPH was 32.73 per 1000 deliveries, prevalence of primary PPH was 90.51%. Among the causes of PPH, Uterine atony was the leading cause 42/137 (30.65%). 56 (40.87%) patients were managed in the ICU for ventilatory &, inotropic support and septic shock, management. Mortality was 7(5%).
Conclusion: Majority of patients are of primary PPH and uterine atony remains the most common cause of PPH which requires prompt and timely management as per guidelines.
Ruptured ectopic pregnancy in the rudimentary horn of a Unicornuate uterus. A case report.
Authors: Qamar ur nisa  , Erum Samreen Siddiqui  
Published: January 2024

Ectopic pregnancy in rudimentary horn of a Unicornuate uterus is a very rare phenomenon, and usually presents in second trimester with rupture and hemoperitoneum. Diagnosis before its rupture is very challenging.
We are presenting a case report of ruptured ectopic pregnancy in rudimentary horn of a Unicornuate uterus. A 26 years old gravida 4 para 2 with one early miscarriage, having first vaginal delivery and second delivery by Caesarean section due to fetal distress, presented in emergency with 4 months amenorrhea, severe lower abdominal pain for 2 days and signs and symptoms of shock. There was severe anemia and abdominal tenderness. Ultrasound showed, left ruptured ectopic pregnancy with 16 weeks size dead fetus present in the pelvic cavity and massive hemoperitoneum. After resuscitation laparotomy was performed. There was ruptured left rudimentary horn pregnancy. The horn was reserved and uterus was repaired. Multiple blood transfusions were done. Post-operative period remained uneventful.
SARS COVID-19 and neurological indicators and its consequences in healthcare provider.
Authors: Bushra Tahreem  , Toba Samreen  , Sana Mehreen  
Published: January 2024

In China, as well as other Asian and European countries, the new coronavirus sick-ness (COVID-19) has disseminated quickly. Patients, health experts, and the over-all community are under tremendous mental stress, which can precede to headaches, sleep disorders, depression, and anosmia, among other issues. During the COVID-19 epidemic, experts have established an agreement on the admission of individuals with serious mental disease to mental health facilities. Nonetheless, the COVID-19 has ascended as a severe warning to mental condition around the world due to its rapid spread. The impact of mental health on health practitioners is examined in this article. Review the many neurological signs of the COVID-19 disease as well.
Keywords: COVID-19, Mental health, Cerebrovascular accident, health care provider
Outcome of trial of labor and causes of its failure in patients with previous one lower segment caesarean section
Authors: Rozina Mujeeb Sahito  , Raishem Ali  , Shabana Ramzan  , Rashida Akber  , Mujeeb ur Rehman sahito  , Shehzad Memon  
Published: January 2024

Introduction: As per guideline of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, repeat cesarean section should be avoided unless there is absolute contraindication. However, in patients having previous c-section, the trial of oxytocin/prostaglandin for induction of labor has controversial report.Objectives: To determine the outcome of the trial of labor and causes of its failurein patients with a previous one lower segment cesarean section.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Departmentof Obstetrics & Gynecology at Peoples Medical College Hospital, Nawabshah for theperiod of six months from January 2021 to June 2021. During this period 100 patients, aged 20-45 years, with term gestation and history of previous lower segmentcesarean section, having vertex presentation singleton pregnancy were included.Results: The mean age of 100 enrolled patients was 34.69 ±1.44 years. Trial of laborfound successful in 64 women; in 45 (70.3%) there was spontaneous vaginal delivery, 14(21.8%) had forceps delivery and 5 (7.8%) had vacuum delivery. Among 36patients where trial of labor remained unsuccessful, cesarean section was performed. The trial of labor was failed secondary to failed progress of labor (n= 17,47.2%), fetal distress (n=11, 30.5%), scar dehiscence (n=3, 8.3%) and antepartumhemorrhage (n=5,13.8%). There was no mortality of fetus or mother in our study.Conclusion: Trial of labor should always be attempted in women with previous cesarean sections with continuous monitoring, provided there is no absolute contraindication, as it may be successful in most cases.
Keywords: Cesarean Section, Trial of Labor, Failure, lower segment
Role of Beta Blockers and Band Ligation in upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding.
Authors: Luqman Anwar  , Urooj Fatima  , Madiha Mehmood  
Published: January 2024

Objective: To sort out the combine role of beta blockers and band ligation in upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Methodology: In this prospective observational study 563 patients were included, (mean age 47 ±6 years, males 69%) with liver cirrhosis and deterioration from Medical ward Mayo hospital Lahore. All the patients had cirrhosis and esophageal varices confirmed by endoscopy. In hospital cirrhotic patients with hypertension and liver cell deteriorations. All the record of betablocker use and band ligation was carefully recorded. Data regarding patient presentation and characteristics were keenly monitored and observe with treatment and improvement as major variables. Mortality was taken as major influential factor. Linear regression model was used.
Results: Overall, there were 426 patients getting pharmacological treatment and have band ligation treatment simultaneously. One Hundred and thirty-seven had gastrointestinal bleeding during study time. Standard deviation of patients who had no recurrence of bleeding from last two years was 67±4. Low level of serum albumin, presence of ascites, and treatment with betablockers were the only independent variables that directly influenced the bleeding. The percentage of patients who had only once bleeding during study period was 23±2 percent. The major effects by be ta blockers were preserving after band ligation of source of bleeding.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that best treatment of bleeding in upper gastrointestinal tract is beta blockers, with the use of b and ligation where it is needed. Strict monitoring and guidelines should be under consideration before stop the beta blockers upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients.
Keywords: Beta blockers, Band Ligation, Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Variations in Serum Ferritin in Different Professionals of Mirpurkhas.
Authors: Chohan Habib-ur-Rehman , Syed Hafeez ul Hassan , Habib Chohan Rehana 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Serum ferritin has been shown to be a good biomarker of body iron stores. Iron is essential mineral that functions to bind oxygen as a part of Heme in Hemoglobin and Myoglobin1. Ferritin, a major protein regulating iron homeostasis, is used as a biomarker for iron status and low grade inﬂammation, which results in free radical damage to cells and tissues18-19. Accordingly, recent studies demonstrated that serum ferritin concentrations are correlated with diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, ischemic heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in healthy men and obese patients.
Objective: The study was aimed to evaluate possible variations in serum ferritin levels in different professional of Mirpurkhas.
Methodology: 250 subjects were randomly selected from the local community of Mirpurkhas from OPDs of Civil Hospital Mirpurkhas and Muhammad Medical College Mirpurkhas. Their Serum ferritin was determined by ELISA. And the data was analyzed by SPSS 15.
Results: This was a cross-sectional study. Out of 250 subjects 170 (68%) were male and 80 (32%) were female. The mean age was 55.20 ± 11.046 year the mean height of subjects was 1.6732 ±.09637 meters while the mean weight was estimated as 65.50 ±11.589 kgs. The mean BMI was calculated as 24.2772 ±3.34493 kgs/m2. Serum ferritin was ranged between 46-450 ng/ml of blood with mean serum ferritin 226.32 ± 99.027 ng/ml of blood. Serum Ferritin in male was found 233.59 ±98.366 ng/ml of blood and in female was found to be 210.88 ± 99.268 ng/ml of blood. It was found that the mean serum ferritin in teachers was 181.00 ± 42.312 ng/ml, in doctors 286.67 ±67.788 ng/ml, in farmers 267.91 ±78.188 ng/ml, in laborers 174.40 ±108.939 ng/ml, in house wives 201.14 ±112.797 ng/ml, in Clerks office superintendents 205.50 ±16.338 ng/ml, in peon/ masi/ attendants 233.00 ± 135.262 ng/ml, in unemployed 120.00 ± .000 ng/ml, in retired 304.20 ± 89.084 ng/ml and in Businessmen 193.17 ±89.084 ng/ml. A comparison was made between serum ferritin values of different professionals by applying ANOVA test and found that there is a significant difference between serum ferritin values of different professional with highly significant p=.000 value.
Conclusion: It was found that serum ferritin level was not similar in all profession and different type of work do affect its level inside the body.
Pseudo-neoplastic Lesions of Prostate and the Diagnostic Deception
Authors: Memon Ghulam Rasool , Gul Maria  , Momina Muhammad  
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Many pseudo-neoplastic lesions of the prostate gland are recognized. Histologically these lesions mimic the adenocarcinoma of prostate. Pseudo-neoplastic lesions comprise of different glandular and non-glandular or solid patterns. Largely emphasized on the epithelial origin but some stromal and solid lesions are also important. In developing countries, the routine Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is most commonly used to stain the histological tissue sections. The other stains and molecular studies are not frequently used. The pseudoneoplastic lesions are so obscure and deceptive that sometimes it become very difficult to recognize. The diagnostic facilities both in government and private sector should have at least the facility of immunohistochemical staging to avoid misinterpretations.
Methodology: This retrospective study performed at Muhammad Medical College Mirpurkhas Sindh. 192 specimens of radical prostatectomy (RP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) received between January 2015 to December 2017 were retrieved for review. All retrieved blocks processed as per standard histopathological techniques. Fresh tissue sections taken and stained with H&E.
Results: All tissue sections reviewed to observe the glandular patterns, their architectural morphology, cytological changes and inflammatory process. The lesions were distinguished on epithelial origin and glandular patterns. Cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia were 169 (88 %), adenosis 06 (3.12 %), reactive hyperplasia 06 (3.12 %), Post atrophic hyperplasia 05 (2.6 %), benign stromal proliferation 02 (1 %) and prostate carcinoma 04 (2%).
Conclusion: Many pseudoneoplastic lesions of the prostate are the mimicker of adenocarcinoma. On H&E stains it sometimes become difficult to differentiate the lesions. The histomorphological diagnosis of these lesions should be facilitated at least by immunohistochemical stains at diagnostic tcenters.t

Keywords: Immunohistochemistry, Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP), Radical prostatectomy (RP). Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E).
An Audit of 138 Patients Admitted with Lump in the Neck in Surgical Department of Services Hospital Lahore, (SIMS)
Authors: Nazar Netasha , Syed Abdul Razzaq , Muhammad Ahmed  , Khalil Sidra 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Neck swellings are very common problem in head and neck region. Causes are highly variable, ranging from simple treatable disease to a metastatic incurable carcinoma. The common causes may differ depending upon the different geographical location, gender and age of the patients. Therefore, the knowledge of local causative factors is important to avoid diagnostic delay. Commonly presenting head and neck masses are due to lymph node, thyroid and salivary gland enlargement. In third world countries, infective causes are most common. Malignant neoplasms were the second most common group. Therefore, frequent audit is necessary for prompt diagnosis and further work up.
Objective: An audit of 138 patients admitted with neck swelling in surgical department of a tertiary care Hospital of Lahore.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Department of Surgery, (unit-1) Services Institute of Medical Sciences Lahore, (SIMS) during January 2014 to July 2015. All patients who presented with neck swelling during study period were included. Diagnosis made after taking clinical history, examination and relevant laboratory work up.
Results: Out of 138 patients with lump in the neck, 93 (67.39%) were female and 45 (32.60%) were male. The commonest swelling is tuberculous lymphadenitis that is 34 (24.63%) and 9 (6.52%) were lymphoma and 4 (3%) with reactive hyperplasia. 49 (35.5%) arose from thyroid (40 benign and 9 malignant). Among the benign swellings, 15 were solitary nodular goiter, 12 were Multinodular goiter and 13 were diffuse thyroid goiter, 11 were Thyroglossal cyst. Other causes included sebaceous cyst 12 (8.69%), lipoma 19 (13.67%), thyroglossal cyst 11 (8%) and carcinoma of thyroid 9 (6.52%)
Conclusion: The most common cause of neck lump is thyroid disease and tuberculous lymphadenitis. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis and goiter is crucial for appropriate management.

Keywords: Head and Neck Swellings, Lymph Nodes, Tuberculous lymphadenitis, Goiter
Prevalence of Pre-Diabetic State among Medical Students of Muhammad Medical College
Authors: Mubeen Nasir  , Umair Mustafa  , Sana  
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most prevalent disease in Pakistan. Pre-Diabetes is the predisposition to diabetes. This study was conducted to identify the high-risk pre-diabetes individuals and the associated risk factors.
Methodology: A cross section al, descriptive study was conducted among medical students of Muhammad Medical College, Mirpurkhas. Total 100 were identified by using convenience sampling technique, after taking informed consent. WHO recommended procedure Oral Glucose tolerance test were performed and a face to face interview was conducted to collect information to identify associated risk factor by using closed ended pre- tested questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 16.
Result: In total study sample of 100 patients; common age group was 20-22 years (n=49, 49%) and majority were male (n=56, 56%). Family history was present in 64% of study sample. Although all participants were disease free, results of oral glucose tolerance test showed that12% were at pre-diabetic state (FBS>110 &RBS>140). Among these 12 participants, 5(41.7%) were overweight, 4(33.3%) were obese, while 3(25%) were having normal BMI. Among this cohort of prediabetic, 75% have positive family history of diabetes, 50% spend 2-5 hour free with no physical activities, 90.9% take junk food, 91.7% take stress about their family/study and 50% have family history of obesity.
Conclusion: Results of current study showed 12% prevalence of pre-diabetic among medical students. The family history of diabetes, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, stress and use of junk foods are associated risk factors. As a preventive measure, health education should be given to all medical students particularly high-risk group.

Key Words: Pre-diabetic state, Oral glucose tolerance test, Overt Diabetes.
Assessment of significant variables to improve admission and teaching learning processes in a medical school.
Authors: Syed Imran Mehmood  , Borleffs Jan C.C. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Current selection methods in medical schools emphasize academic competence only, somewhat to the detriment of other essential competencies. Academic grades are frequently considered as the predictors of good academic performance in medical schools and therefore many medical schools still select applicants predominantly on this basis.
Objective: To assess this long-standing trend in order to point out the lacunae associated with it and to explore this effect with a view to improve teaching and learning process.
Methodology: During this retrospective longitudinal study, we studied the students (n=539) admitted to the college of medicine, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia, between 2006 and 2011. During these years study conditions (i.e. admission procedure, study program and assessment) remained unchanged. The scores of higher school certificate (HSC) were correlated with study duration (number of semesters) and grade point average (GPA). Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were carried out using effect model.
Results: The results of this study do not demonstrate a correlation between HSC scores and study duration (r = -.018). The relationship bet ween HSC scores and cumulative GPA was moderate positive (r = .476). The HSC scores were found to be poor predictors of the subsequent academic performance (R2 = .273).
Conclusions: The HSC score is a poor predictor of the subsequent academic performance. Our intuition, and perhaps our experience, suggests that study time should be positively associated with grades. However, it is not always the case as study duration-grade association may not be true.

Keywords: School admission criteria, Medical education, Students, Undergraduate.
Caesarean Scar Endometriosis: What protocols should surgeons follow?
Authors: Madhu Bala Sharma  , Shaista Farooque  , Yasmeen Nawaz  , Ammar Saleem  
Published: January 2024

Endometriosis is defined as presence of functional endometrial glands and stroma outside uterine cavity. Caesarean Scar Endometriosis (CSE) is a rare condition and is difficult to diagnose. We are reporting a case of CSE involving skin and subcutaneous tissues. The incidence pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures are discussed.
Key Words: Endometriosis, Scar, Caesarean Section.
Memahami Tantangan Shadow Teacher di SLB Rumah Kita Kota Batam
Authors: Ellyzabeth Sinaga  , Desetina Harefa  , Dewi Lidya S  , Riyana Laia  , Agatha Pebrian M Naibaho  
Published: January 2024

Sekolah Luar Biasa Rumah Kita adalah lembaga pendidikan untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus yang mengalami masalah dalam memperoleh pendidik dan shadow teacher. Kekurangan pendidik dan shadow teacher menjadi permasalahan yang cukup mendesak untuk di selesaikan. Program studi Pendidikan Kristen Anak Usia Dini melaksanakan Tridarma dan roadmap dengan menjalankan PKM berkualitas dengan program PKM yang menjalin kerjasama perguruan tinggi dengan instansi Pendidikan SLB Rumah Kita Batam dengan melakukan pendampingan pembelajaran di SLB Rumah Kita dalam kegiatan menjadi Guru ABK dan dengan Shadow Teacher dengan tujuan pengembangan SDM dengan luaran PKM berbentuk metode penelitian kualitatif deskripsi di Jurnal ilmiah dalam negeri dengan mengacu kepada spritualitas dan science and technology. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan PKM ditemukan yaitu peserta PMK yang terdiri dari satu kepala SLB, dua guru, empat walimurid dan 20 anak berkebutuhan khusus yang dibagi menjadi dua kelas yaitu kelas SD atau SMPLB dan SMALB, berserta Tim PKM yang berjumlah dua puluh empat yang terdiri dari dua dosen dan dua puluh dua mahasiswa Angkatan II, Angkatan IV PK AUD STT Real Batam. PKM ini memberikan solusi masalah shadow teacher yang dibutuhkan di SLB Rumah Kita Batam menjalankan tugas sebagai pendidik sebanyak dua orang mahasiswa dan shadow teacher sebanyak 13 orang dengan melayani siswa sebanyak 13 anak didik, dengan hasil sangat baik yang diperoleh dari kepuasan pihak SLB Rumah Kita terhadap kinerja mahasiswa dalam pelaksanaan PKM tertuang dalam evaluasi kegiatan PKM, dari hasil evaluasi dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa PKM yang dilakukan sangat membantu SLB Rumah Kita.
Workshop Prokantor, Kantoria, dan Organis di Jemaat GMIT Exodus Oefafi Klasis Kupang Timur
Authors: Victor Arnold  , Orista Mone  , Yuharni Timo  , Selvi Liow  , Niken Nomeni  , Gerlis Ludji Leo  , Elisyena Taopan  , Atni Misa  
Published: January 2024

Jemaat GMIT Exodus Oefafi Klasis Kupang Timur adalah salah satu jemaat yang menjadi sasaran tim Pengabdian masyarakat dan juga salah satu Jemaat yang mau untuk belajar dan terus belajar dalam membenahi diri sebagai gereja yang bernyanyi dan memuliakan nama Tuhan. Penataan dalam pelayanan setiap ibadah memiliki tuntutan khusus yang harus dipenuhi yaitu penyajian pelayanan Musik Gereja yang baik. Para Pelayan perlu dipersiapkan sebelum tampil untuk memandu Jemaat dalam berbakti kepada Tuhan. Musik memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam gereja. Selain itu, mereka juga harus diberikan pemahaman tentang cara memimpin Jemaat dalam bernyanyi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu melalui pendampingan dan pelatihan dari ahli dalam bidang musik. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dalam bermain alat musik dan juga kemampuan dalam membaca not dan memimpin paduan suara. Setelah dilakukannya pelatihan ini maka hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah adanya perubahan keterampilan dalam memainkan alat musik dan juga ketrampilan dalam memimpin jemaat bernyanyi dan memimpin paduan suara.
Peranan <i>Letter of Credit </i>terhadap Transaksi Ekspor Pada CV Multi Dimensi Cirebon
Authors: Widayati  
Published: January 2024

Penjual dan pembeli dalam perdagangan internasional harus percaya satu sama lain untuk memenuhi kewajiban mereka. Pentingnya pihak ketiga, yaitu bank yang dapat mengeluarkan Letter of Credit, untuk menekan risiko pembiayaan bagi importir dan eksportir, adalah jaminan pembayaran atas barang yang diperdagangkan. Tujuan penelitian ini yang pertama, mengetahui keefektifan Letter of Credit pada CV. Multi Dimensi. Kedua, mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan transaksi Letter of Credit terhadap frekuensi ekspor pada CV. Multi Dimensi. Dan ketiga, mengetahui bagaimana peranan Letter of Credit terhadap transaksi ekspor pada CV. Multi Dimensi. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mencakup wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi Pustaka. Hasil penelitian didapat bahwa (1) Letter of Credit sangat efektif digunakan dalam transaksi ekspor untuk menekan besarnya resiko atas pembayaran barang yang dijual, (2) Letter of Credit untuk transaksi ekspor tidak mempengaruhi frekuensi ekspor ini dibuktikan dengan data penjualan yang tetap dalam lima tahun, (3) Letter of Credit sangat berperan dalam hal pembiayaan ekspor, karena menjadi bukti adanya keterikatan formil antara eksportir dengan semua aspek yang terkait dalam proses ekspor.