bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic mechanical response and crack evolution law of raw coal loaded by dynamic-static coupling under three-dimensional constraints
Authors: Zhao ShunKun , Wei ShanYang , Zhang Lin , Tian Xianggui , Yang XingZhuan , Wang Xing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Investigation of the dynamic mechanical properties of coal rock under complex stress conditions at depth. In this work, based on the improved Separate Hopkinson Pressure Bar Test System, 15 groups of coal samples were used to perform dynamic impact tests under different conditions. The changing rules of dynamic strength, crushing, fractal dimension and damage modes of coal under different stress conditions were analyzed. And 9 groups of coal specimens were selected for numerical simulation using ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The results show that: (1) The stress-strain curves of coal specimens under different strain rates, different circumferential pressures and axial pressures basically have the same trend of a bimodal phenomenon. (2) The peak dynamic stress of the coal specimens increased linearly with the increase of strain rate and confining pressure, and the ambient pressure limited the expansion of the internal cracks of the coal specimens under impact loading. And based on the experimental and simulation data, the maximum relative errors between the two are derived as (Group A: 2.9578%, Group B: 6.177%, Group C:6.382%) (3) The damage modes of the coal specimens under the three-dimensional dynamic-static combined loading were mainly "X" type and "conical" shear damage modes. The fractal dimension increases with the increase of strain rate, decreases with the increase of circumferential pressure, and first decreases and then increases with the increase of axial pressure.
CT Radiogenomics for Differentiating KIT Exon 11 from non-KIT Exon 11 Gene Mutations in Small Intestinal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Yang Cai-Wei , Yin Xiao-Nan , Che Feng , Zhao Lian , Song Bin , Li Zheng-Yan , Liu Xi-Jiao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Backgroud
This study aimed to explore the non-invasive differentiation of gene mutational subtypes of KIT exon 11 from non-KIT exon 11 in small intestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (siGISTs) using radiogenomics based on the contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images.
Materials and Methods
Patients with primary siGISTs diagnosed by surgery and pathology at our hospital from May 2010 to December 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set with a ratio of 7:3. The synthetic minority oversampling technique algorithm was used by screening radiomics features and constructing models. Then, CECT, radiomics, and combined models are established. The performance of the three models was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
This study included 91 siGISTs, including 59 (64.8%) with KIT exon 11 mutations and 32 (35.2%) with non-KIT exon 11 mutations. The diagnostic performance of the CECT model and radiomics model were sufficient, with the AUC values of its ROC curve being 0.746 and 0.869 in the training set, and 0.676 and 0.787 in the validation set, respectively. Additionally, the combined model composed of CECT and radiomics features has good performance, with AUC values of 0.882 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.828–0.937) and 0.618 (95% CI: 0.373–0.862), respectively.
Conclusions
The combined radiogenomics model based on CECT has the value of non-invasive differentiating KIT exon 11 from non-KIT exon 11 mutations in patients with siGISTs.
Headache is a predictive and prognostic protective factor for COVID-19: a retrospective study
Authors: Wu Linguangjin , Sun Yuting , Liu Changya , Zhang Wen , Xu Xiangru , Fang Bangjiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
With the SARS-CoV-2 virus epidemic in these years, people have become accustomed to living with the virus. However, many people have been infected at least once. Therefore, the early warning factors before repeated infection play a vital role. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between headache factors and the occurrence and prognosis of COVID-19, as there is a clinical need to identify predictive indicators related to the disease.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed routine epidemiological and clinical data on 298 COVID-19 patients at the Mobile Cabin Hospital in Shanghai, China from 3 April to 1 June 2022. The primary observations of interest were the viral load shedding time, including the time to first re-negative nucleic acid results and the time to two consecutive negative nucleic acid results.
Results
Of the 298 patients, 149 experienced headache symptoms, while the other 149 did not. Using advanced statistical methods, a significant effect of headache factor (p < 0.001) and disease severity (p < 0.001) on patients' load-shedding time was found. Moreover, patients in the headache group were able to reduce their viral load (p < 0.001) and stop the virus from multiplying. The prognostic index of the patients was also calculated, revealing a significant difference in PI for patients in the headache and non-headache groups.
Conclusion
There was a significant protective effect of headache factors in predicting infection in COVID-19 patients and the prognostic level of patient recovery.
Complementarity behind tree-level trait expression and variation: soil conditions modify species diversity effects
Authors: Davrinche Andréa , Haider Sylvia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Examples of positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functions have kept accumulating in the last two decades, and functional traits are considered suitable tools to explain their underlying mechanisms. However, traits are rarely studied at the scale where these mechanisms (e.g., complementarity) are likely to originate, that is, between two interacting individuals. In a greenhouse experiment, we investigated how species diversity (i.e., monospecific or heterospecific tree pairs) affects within-individual leaf traits expression and variation and how this effect is modified by soil conditions. While resource addition through phosphorus fertilization partly strengthened the diversity effects, inoculation of soil microbiota (potentially leading to increased resource accessibility) resulted in counter effects. Hence, in contrast to our expectations, we did not find synergistic effects of the two soil treatments, but we found distinct effects on species following an acquisitive or conservative growth strategy. Overall, our study showed that the effect of species diversity on trees’ adaptability and resource-use strategy needs to be considered alongside soil biotic and abiotic aspects. The influence of soil conditions on species diversity effects is essential to understand mechanisms behind complementarity at the individual level, which ultimately translate to the community scale.
Visceral adipose tissue in predicting survival in patients with advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Xiangliang , Ji Wei , Chen Xinqiao , Zheng Kaiwen , Zhao Yixin , Liu Yining , Shi Hanping , Cui Jiuwei , Li Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The effect of adiposity on the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer has long been controversial. This study intended to investigate the prognostic value of visceral adipose tissue in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, which accumulates within the abdominal cavity and acts as an endocrine organ.
Methods
Clinical data from 320 advanced colorectal cancer patients were collected. General characteristics and laboratory test results were gathered. Visceral fat area(VFA) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass were examined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The restricted cubic spline was used to model the relationship between VFA and overall survival. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the correlation between VFA and overall survival (OS). Spearman's analysis was used to explore the relationship between VFA and inflammatory indicators
Results
185 males (57.8%) and 135(42.2%) females were conducted in this study. The restricted cubic spline showed higher VFA was associated with better prognosis in males, and the cut-off value was 83.41(p = 0.0006). After adjusting for weight and appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), the cut-off values for VFA/weight and VFA/ASM were 1.22(p = 0.0004) and 3.71(p = 0.0002), respectively. The Kaplan–Meier curve showed the higher VFA group in males had a better prognosis(p < 0.0001). The median survival time was 43.73 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 37.87–49.59) in the high VFA/weight group and 31.57 months (95% CI: 25.20-37.94) in the low VFA/weight group. The median survival time was 43.60 months (95% CI: 37.80–49.40) in the high VFA/ASM group and 31.57 months (95% confidence interval CI: 25.62–37.51) in the low VFA/ASM group. The VFA cut-off value in females was 88.11(p = 0.0407). However, there was no significant difference in prognosis between the high and low VFA groups for women. Analysis of the association between VFA and inflammatory factors showed a negative correlation between VFA and NLR, and the negative correlations between VFA/weight and VFA/ASM and NLR were even more pronounced (r=-0.54; r=-0.75).
Conclusion
Appropriate VFA range is associated with a favorable prognosis for patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Accuracy and lower limits for iodine quantification in dual-energy CT with deep learning reconstruction
Authors: Shiotsuki Kenshi , Tokurei Shogo , Kuramoto Taku , Shiroo Tomoaki , Noto Daichi , Asayama Yoshiki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Iodine quantification is a diagnostic indicator of vascularization in lesions; however, accurate and repeatable measurements, especially at low iodine concentrations, are challenging due to the limits of instruments used for iodine quantification. Measurements of iodine concentrations below the instrument limits are unrepeatable and can lead to misdiagnoses. Although the accuracies of iodine quantification have been reported, no prior studies have comprehensively examined the limits of the instrument. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) of iodine quantification using fast kilovoltage-switching dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). We used iodine inserts with seven nominal iodine concentration and performed DECT scans in small and large phantom at different CT dose indexes. We assessed accuracy using relative measurement errors, calculated the LOD using calibration curves between the nominal and measured iodine densities, and examined the LOQ using the relative standard deviation of repeated measurements. We found that LOD and LOQ decreased with increasing CT dose indices and were lower for the small phantom than for the large phantom. The measured iodine densities plateaued for 0.3 and 0.5 mgI/mL in small and large phantoms, respectively, and these results indicate the limits of instrument used for iodine quantification. The relative measurement errors decreased with increasing nominal iodine concentrations above the LOD or LOQ levels. However, no clear trend was observed below these limits. Therefore, these findings revealed the necessity of a comprehensive evaluation of accuracy and LOD/LOQ for iodine quantification to diagnose lesions reliably with iodine density.
Follow-up of New Diagnoses of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV in 2018 in 8 Latin American Countries in the Plantaids Cohort: 3 Years Later
Authors: Vallejo Beatriz Álvarez , Lobo Alicia Hernanz , García Itzíar Carrasco , Pérez Tomás Bruno , Mino-Leon Greta , Pazmiño Judith Rosabel Soffe , Lorenzana Julio Werner Juarez , Drummond Tatiana , Ruz Noris Marlene del Socorro Pavía , Hernández María del Rocío Muñoz , Pérez Dulce María Morales , Estripeaut Dora , Luciani Kathia , Martínez Karen Sobeida Erazo , Villatoro Luis Guillermo Castaneda , Madrigal Oscar Porras , Ivankovich-Escoto Gabriela , Tato Luis Manuel Prieto , Gómez María Luisa Navarro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The frequency of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Latin America has decreased considerably. However, new infections continue to be recorded, and the pediatric population remains one of the most vulnerable groups in this region. The main objective of the study was to describe the evolution of new diagnoses of HIV MTCT in 2018 in the PLANTAIDS network (Paediatric Network for Prevention, Early Detection and Treatment of HIV in Children) during the 3 years following diagnosis.
Methodology: Retrospective, multicenter, descriptive study based on a 3-year follow-up of patients diagnosed with HIV infection due to MTCT in 2018 in 10 hospitals in 8 Latin American countries (Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador, Panama, Guatemala and Venezuela). The hospitals belonged to the PLANTAIDS network, which is included in CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development).
Results: The study population comprised 72 pediatric patients (38.9% male). The median age at diagnosis was 2.4 years (IQR: 0.8-5.4). There were 35 cases of opportunistic infections corresponding to 25 patients (34.7%), with tuberculosis being the most common. Adequate childhood vaccination coverage was achieved in 80.5%. There were 3 cases of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and these were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) classification, the most frequent clinical-immunological stage at all check-ups was C1. Three patients died from opportunistic infections and/or advanced HIV infection.
Conclusions: HIV infection has a poor prognosis in children, necessitating adequate follow-up to ensure adherence to health care and ART. However, this can be difficult at times in pediatrics. In our study, SARS-CoV-2 infection did not appear to be severe in children with HIV.
Parental imprisonment, childhood behavioral problems, and adolescent and young adult cardiometabolic risk: Results from a prospective Australian birth cohort study
Authors: Roettger Michael E. , Tan Jolene , Houle Brian , Najman Jake M. , McGee Tara 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Recent studies have demonstrated that parental imprisonment (PI) is associated with cardiometabolic risk later in life. However, underlying risk factors for these associations have not previously been explored. The present study examines how early childhood behaviors and parental imprisonment may be associated with cardiometabolic risk in adulthood.
Methods
The study follows a subset of 7,223 live, singleton births from 1981–1984 in Brisbane, Australia where data was collected on parental imprisonment at ages 5 & 14 and behaviors from the Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL) at age 5. Our sample examines 1884 males and 1758 females whose mothers completed prenatal, age 5, and age 14 interviews and respondents completed one or more interviews at ages 14, 21, and 30. Multivariate regression was used to examine cross-sectional results, while individual growth models examined longitudinal patterns.
Results
Dividing analysis by sex, we examined how parental imprisonment was potentially mediated or moderated by CBCL subscale measures for aggression, social-attention-thought disorders and general internalizing. No associations were found among male respondents. Among female respondents, controlling for these behaviors, there was a significant association between parental imprisonment and higher systolic blood pressure at age 30, while all CBCL measures were found to moderate waist circumference at age 30 and BMI at ages 14, 21, and 30. Using individual growth curve modelling, we observed the increased CBCL aggression and SAT scores were more strongly associated with higher BMI in adulthood.
Conclusions
Using prospective cohort data, our results suggest that PI and high levels of behavioral problems are associated with significantly increased cardiometabolic risk in women, with potentially increasing risk in adulthood.
Evaluation of biochemical changes and treatment efficacy in patients with bruxism following botox or splint therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: KARAGOZOGLU Irem , OZCAN Mutlu , ULUSAL Hasan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives: This clinical study aims to analyse the levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of persons with bruxism and to compare the efficacy of Botox and occlusal splint treatments through biomarkers.
Materials and methods: A total of 40 patients with bruxism were selected according to the clinical examination and anamnesis of which 20 patients received occlusal splint treatment and 20 botulinum toxin treatment. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were taken from the patients before and after treatment. Cortisol, DHEA and TNF-alpha levels were measured by ELISA test. The change in measurements between time and groups and the time-group interaction were tested by repeated measures ANOVA.
Results: In individuals with bruxism, a statistically significant decrease in cortisol levels was observed after both treatments (p < 0.05), while DHEA levels increased after treatment but were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between tnf-alpha intra-group measurements (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Stress and inflammatory biomarkers were found to be associated with the bruxism. Cortisol levels decreased in people with bruxism after treatment with both occlusal splint and Botox.
Clinical Relevance: It can be suggested that splint and botox treatment are effective for bruxism by reducing the stress levels. Botox treatment is also more effective in reducing stress levels.
Investigating the effects of frailty on longer-term outcomes in older major trauma patients: a multi-site study.
Authors: Cole Elaine , Crouch Robert , Baxter Mark , Wang Chao , Sivapathasuntharam Dhanupriya , Peck George , Jennings Cara , Jarman Heather 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Frailty is associated with adverse in-hospital outcomes after major trauma in older people, but the association with longer term survival and recovery is unclear. We aimed to investigate post discharge survival and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older patients at six months after major trauma centre (MTC) admission.
Methods
This was a multi-centre study of patients aged ≥65 years admitted to five MTCs. Data were collected via questionnaire at hospital discharge and six months later. The primary outcome was patient-reported HRQoL at follow up using Euroqol EQ5D-5L visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes included health status according to EQ5D dimensions and care requirements at follow up. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between predictor variables and EQ-5D-5L VAS at follow up.
Results
Fifty-four patients died in the follow up period, of which two-third (64%) had been categorised as frail pre-injury, compared to 21 (16%) of the 133 survivors. There was no difference in self-reported HRQoL between frail and not-frail patients at discharge (Mean EQ-VAS: Frail 55.8 vs. Not-frail 64.1, p=0.137) however at follow-up HRQoL had improved for the not-frail group but deteriorated for frail patients (Mean EQ-VAS: Frail: 50.0 vs. Not-frail: 65.8, p=0.009). There was a two-fold increase in poor quality of life at six months (VAS ≤50) for frail patients (Frail: 65% vs. Not-frail: 30% p<0.009). Frailty (β-13.741 [95% CI -25.377, 2.105], p=0.02), increased age (β -1.064 [95% CI [-1.705, -0.423] p=0.00) and non-home discharge (β -12.017 [95% CI [118.403, 207.203], p=0.04) were associated with worse HRQoL at follow up. Requirements for professional carers increased five-fold in frail patients at follow-up (Frail: 25% vs. Not-frail: 4%, p=0.01).
Conclusions
Frailty is associated with increased mortality post trauma discharge and frail older trauma survivors had worse HRQoL and increased care needs at six months post-discharge. For older trauma patients frailty is a predictor of poor longer-term HRQoL after injury should enable early specialist review and discharge planning.
Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Data to Detect and Predict Political Leniency Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Kowsik V. V. Sai , Yashwanth L. , Harish Srivatsan , Kishore A. , S Renji , Jose Arun Cyril 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses twitter data to detect the political lean of a profile by extracting and classifying sentiments expressed through tweets. The work utilizes natural language processing, augmented with sentiment analysis algorithms and machine learning techniques, to classify specific keywords of interest as either positive or negative, based on the sentiment score of each keyword. The proposed methodology initially performs data pre-processing, followed by multi-aspect sentiment analysis for computing the sentiment score of the extracted keywords, which are then used for precisely classifying users into various clusters based on similarity score with respect to a sample user in each cluster. The proposed technique also predicts the sentiment of a profile towards unknown keywords and gauges the bias of an unidentified user towards political events or social issues. The proposed technique was tested on Twitter dataset with 1.72 million tweets taken from over 10,000 profiles, and was able to successfully identify the political leniency of the user profiles with 99% confidence level. The paper could also identify the impact of political decisions on various clusters, by analyzing the shift in number of users belonging to the different clusters.
Surviving the Heat: How Rhamdia voulezi Fish Battle Oxidative Stress at High Temperatures
Authors: Silva Diego Ortiz da , Ratko Jonathan , Côrrea Ana Paula Nascimento , Silva Niumaique Gonçalves da , Pereira Diego Mauro Carneiro , Schleger Ieda Cristina , Neundorf Ananda Karla Alvez , de Souza Maria Rosa Dmengeon Pedreiro , Herrerias Tatiana , Donatti Lucélia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
When exposed to high temperatures, changes in the respiration rate of fish occur, leading to an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species. Thus, enzymatic and non-enzymatic responses of antioxidant defense may be altered to avoid cellular-level stress. Rhamdia voulezi is an endemic species of the Iguaçu River in Paraná, Brazil, and is of great economic interest for fish farming. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of enzymatic biomarkers of antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase), the concentration of non-protein thiols (reduced glutathione), and markers of oxidative damage (lipoperoxidation and carbonylation) in the livers, gills, and kidneys of R. voulezi after acute exposure to an elevated temperature (31°C) for 2, 6, 12, 24, and 96 hours. Control animals were kept at 21°C. In the liver, there were increases in superoxide dismutase up to 12 h and glutathione S-transferase at 12 h and 96 h at the high temperature (31°C). In the gills, there were increases in superoxide dismutase after up to 24 h of exposure and lipoperoxidation after 2, 6, 12 and 96 h of exposure to the high temperature. Among the fish maintained at 31°C, there was also an induction of a heat stress response in the kidneys at 12 h, with increased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Lipid peroxidation was also observed after 2 and 6 h of exposure to a temperature of 31°C. The three tissues evaluated responded differently to heat stress, and the liver showed a greater ability to adjust to the high temperature. The expression patterns of multiple biomarkers of antioxidant defence and oxidative damage in response to exposure to a high temperature suggest that R. voulezi exhibited oxidative stress.