bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiplexedin situhybridization reveals distinct lineage identities for major and minor vein initiation during maize leaf development
Authors: Perico Chiara , Zaidem Maricris , Sedelnikova Olga , Bhattacharya Samik , Korfhage Christian , Langdale Jane A. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTLeaves of flowering plants are characterised by diverse venation patterns. Patterning begins with the selection of vein-forming procambial initial cells from within the ground meristem of a developing leaf, a process which is considered to be auxin-dependent, and continues until veins are anatomically differentiated with functional xylem and phloem. At present, the mechanisms responsible for leaf venation patterning are primarily characterized in the model eudicotArabidopsis thalianawhich displays a reticulate venation network. However, evidence suggests that vein development may proceed via a different mechanism in monocot leaves where venation patterning is parallel. Here, we employed Molecular Cartography, a multiplexedin situhybridization technique, to analyse the spatiotemporal localisation of a subset of auxin related genes and candidate regulators of vein patterning in maize leaves. We show how different combinations of auxin influx and efflux transporters are recruited during leaf and vein specification, and how major and minor vein ranks develop with distinct identities. The localisation of the procambial markerPIN1aand the spatial arrangement of procambial initial cells that give rise to major and minor vein ranks further suggests that vein spacing is pre-patterned across the medio-lateral leaf axis prior to accumulation of the PIN1a auxin transporter. In contrast, patterning in the adaxial-abaxial axis occurs progressively, with markers of xylem and phloem gradually becoming polarised as differentiation proceeds. Collectively our data suggest that both lineage- and position-based mechanisms may underpin vein patterning in maize leaves.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDuring the development of multicellular organisms specialized cell-types differentiate from pluripotent stem cells, with cell identity acquired via lineage- or position-based mechanisms. In plants, most organs develop post-embryogenesis and as such developmental processes are influenced by the external environment. To adapt to different environmental contexts and yet still form recognizable structures, position-based differentiation mechanisms are deployed in which cells adopt a certain fate depending on the activity of neighbouring cells. Such is the prevalence of position-based mechanisms in plant development that a role for lineage is rarely contemplated. Here we show that stem cells which give rise to different vein types in maize leaves are transcriptionally distinct, possibly reflecting a role for lineage-based mechanisms in the differentiation of leaf veins.
OsNF-YB7 inactivates OsGLK1 to inhibit chlorophyll biosynthesis in rice embryo
Authors: Yang Zongju , Bai Tianqi , E. Zhiguo , Niu Baixiao , Chen Chen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs a master regulator of seed development, Leafy Cotyledon 1 (LEC1) promotes chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis inArabidopsis, but the mechanism underlying this remains poorly understood. Here, we found that loss of function ofOsNF-YB7, aLEC1homolog of rice, leads to chlorophyllous embryo, indicating thatOsNF-YB7plays an opposite role in Chl biosynthesis in rice compared with that inArabidopsis. OsNF-YB7 regulates the expression of a group of genes responsible for Chl biosynthesis and photosynthesis by directly binding to their promoters. In addition, OsNF-YB7 interacts with Golden 2-Like 1 (OsGLK1) to inhibit the transactivation activity of OsGLK1, a key regulator of Chl biosynthesis. Moreover, OsNF-YB7 can directly repressOsGLK1expression by recognizing its promoterin vivo, indicating the involvement of OsNF-YB7 in multiple regulatory layers of Chl biosynthesis in rice embryo. We propose that OsNF-YB7 functions as a transcriptional repressor to regulate Chl biosynthesis in rice embryo.
High-gradient performance of a prototype accelerator cavity for a 3 GeV proton radiography booster
Authors: Zuboraj Muhammed , Batygin Yuri K. , Kurennoy Sergey S. , Olivas Eric R. , Simakov Evgenya I. , Xu Haoran 
Published: February 2024

This paper reports the design, fabrication, and results of the high-gradient conditioning and testing for a two-cell, π-mode, standing wave normal-conducting prototype booster cavity for the proposed 3 GeV proton linac upgrade at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Increasing the energy of proton beam from the existing 800 MeV to 3 GeV will improve resolution of the proton radiography by up to 10 times. The proposed energy boost can be achieved with a compact normal-conducting high-gradient radio-frequency (rf) linac section. The C-band section of the booster linac was designed with optimized-shaped copper accelerator cavities with distributed rf coupling. A short two-cell test prototype structure was designed for the frequency of 5.712 GHz, fabricated, and tested at the C-band Engineering Research Test Facility in New Mexico (CERF-NM) at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The maximum klystron power coupled into the test structure was 8.3 MW with 1  μs pulse length and 100 Hz repetition rate. The breakdown probabilities were recorded as functions of the accelerating gradient and peak surface fields. Operation of the test cavity at accelerating gradients of up to 100  MV/m was demonstrated.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Self-consistent optimization of the
z
expansion for
B
-meson decays
Authors: Simons Daniel , Gustafson Erik , Meurice Yannick 
Published: February 2024

We discuss the self-consistency imposed by the analyticity of regular parts of form factors, appearing in the z expansion for semileptonic B-meson decays, when fitted in different kinematic regions. Relying on the uniqueness of functions defined by analytic continuation, we propose four metrics which measure the departure from the ideal analytic self-consistency. We illustrate the process using Belle data for B→Dℓνℓ with the two kinematic regions chosen as the five low-z and the five high-z bins. For this specific example, the metrics provide consistent indications that some choices (order of truncation, Boyd-Grinstein-Lebed or Bourrely-Caprini-Lellouch) made in the form of the z expansion can be optimized. However, other choices (z origin, location of isolated poles and threshold constraints) appear to have very little effect on these metrics. On the other hand, changing the kinetic regions affects the results and should also be considered in the optimization process. We briefly discuss the implication for optimization of the z expansion for nucleon form factors relevant for neutrino oscillation experiments.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Form factors of
B(s)
to light scalar mesons with the
B
-meson light-cone sum rules
Authors: Khosravi R. 
Published: February 2024

In this work, the transition form factors of the semileptonic decays of B(s) to the light scalar mesons with masses close to 1.5 GeV such as K0*(1430),a0(1450), and f0(1500) are calculated in the framework of the light-cone sum rules. For this purpose, the two- and three-particle B-meson distribution amplitudes (DAs) are used. Note that it is possible to use the B-meson DAs for the Bs meson in the SU(3)F symmetry limit. The transition form factors are obtained in terms of the two-particle DAs up to twist-five accuracy, and the three-particle up to twist-six level. We apply two classes of the phenomenological models for the DAs of the B meson. The longitudinal lepton polarization asymmetries and branching fractions for the semileptonic decays of B(s) to the light scalar mesons are estimated with the help of these form factors.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Impact of IT governance mechanisms on IT-enabled dynamic capabilities to achieve firm performance: role of moderators
Authors: Ilmudeen Aboobucker , Qaffas Alaa A. 
Published: February 2024

PurposeAlthough information technology (IT) governance and IT capability have been extensively examined, the impact of IT governance mechanisms on IT-enabled dynamic capability (ITDC) with moderators has received less attention. This study investigates how the impact of IT governance mechanisms on firm performance is achieved through an ITDC through the moderating role of IT governance decentralization and a turbulent environment.Design/methodology/approachThis study extends from the traditional view of IT capabilities and integrates dynamic capability theory to propose that IT governance is vital for the ITDC. Path analysis, hierarchical regression analysis and moderation analysis were performed using partial least squares (Smart PLS 3.0) as the data analysis methods. This study empirically tests the proposed mediated moderation model by using data collected from 254 firms in China to test the hypotheses.FindingsSignificant and impactful relationships are found in the model that includes turbulent environment moderating effects. Contrary to expectations, IT governance decentralization is also significant but not very strong.Research limitations/implicationsThis study’s findings have implications for investigating IT governance, IT-enabled capabilities and moderators. Accordingly, this study has implications for board and executive management to capitalize on dynamic IT capability, to keep pace with the challenges and turbulent conditions associated with business needs and for the productivity paradox in the context of Chinese firms.Originality/valueThis country-specific research study theoretically contributes to the IT governance, dynamic capabilities and turbulent environment in the information systems literature and proposes many practical guides to the board and executive management of companies in the Chinese context.
Identifying and prioritizing factors influencing the social insurance contribution of unorganized workers
Authors: Dash Mohapatra Bighnesh , Sahoo Chandan Kumar , Chopra Avinash 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore and prioritize the factors that determine the social insurance contribution of unorganized workers.Design/methodology/approachA two-stage procedure was adopted to recognize and prioritize factors influencing the social insurance participation of unorganized workers: first, crucial factors influencing unorganized workers’ contribution towards social insurance were identified by employing exploratory factor analysis, and in the second phase, the fuzzy analytical hierarchal process was applied to rank the specified criteria and then sub-criteria by assigning weights.FindingsFour broad factors were identified, namely, economic, political, operational and socio-psychological, that significantly influence unorganized workers’ contribution towards social insurance. Later findings revealed that the prime influencer of unorganized workers’ contribution is employment contracts followed by average earnings, delivery of quality services, eligibility and accessibility.Practical implicationsThe research findings are feasible as the basic propositions are based on real-world scenario. The identification and ranking of factors have the potential to be used as a checklist for policymakers when designing pension and social insurance for unorganized workers. If it is not possible to consider all, the criteria and sub-criteria assigned upper rank can be given priority to extend pension coverage for a large group of working poor.Social implicationsThe key factors driving social insurance contributions have been highlighted by studying the stakeholders’ perceptions at a micro level. By comprehending the challenges, there is a possibility of covering a large section of the working poor into social insurance coverage.Originality/valueThis paper is believed to be one of its kinds to acknowledge a combination of factors that determine the contribution of unorganized workers to social insurance. This study is an empirical investigation to prioritize the essential drivers of social insurance participation by low-income cohorts in the context of emerging countries. The present approach of employing fuzzy logic has also very limited use in social insurance literature yet.
A systematic review of the literature on lesson study in Germany: a professional development approach under the radar of research?
Authors: Bucher Julian , Kager Klara , Vock Miriam 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to systematically review the history and current state of lesson study (LS) in Germany. In particular, this paper describes the development of LS over time and its stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachConducting a systematic literature review, we searched three scientific databases and Google Scholar, examined 806 results and included 50 articles in our final sample, which we analyzed systematically.FindingsThe spread of LS in Germany can be divided into three phases, characterized by their own LS projects as well as their own ways of understanding LS. Although interest in LS has increased significantly in recent years, it is only present at a small number of schools and universities in Germany if compared internationally. Furthermore, this paper identifies the so-called learning activity curves as a tool frequently used for observation and reflection that appears to be unknown outside German-speaking countries.Originality/valueThis paper may act as an outline for countries without large-scale LS projects and with limited support from policymakers. The experience from Germany demonstrates the outcomes and challenges that can arise in such a situation and shows how unique LS features and proceedings have emerged.
Categorizing behavioral and formed concepts in sports marketing research
Authors: Müller Tobias , Schuberth Florian , Henseler Jörg 
Published: February 2024

PurposeSports marketing and sponsorship research is located at the intersection of behavioral and design research, which means that it analyzes the current world and shapes a future world. This dual focus poses challenges for formulating and testing theories of sports marketing.Design/methodology/approachThis article develops criteria for categorizing theoretical concepts as either behavioral or formed as different ways of expressing ideas of sports marketing research. It emphasizes the need for clear concept categorization for proper operationalization and applies these criteria to selected theoretical concepts of sports marketing and sponsorship research.FindingsThe study defines three criteria to categorize theoretical concepts, namely (1) the guiding idea of research, (2) the role of observed variables, and (3) the relationship among observed variables. Applying these criteria to concepts of sports marketing research manifests the relevance of categorizing theoretical concepts as either behavioral or formed to operationalize concepts correctly.Originality/valueThis study is the first in sports marketing to clearly categorize theoretical concepts as either behavioral or formed, and to formulate guidelines on how to differentiate behavioral concepts from formed concepts.
Beyond taste: examining sustainable value, perceived CSR and consumer behaviour in the restaurant industry
Authors: Mou Wanyu , Rasoolimanesh S. Mostafa , Chuah Stephanie Hui-Wen 
Published: February 2024

PurposeAs perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become one of the long-term sustainable development strategies for many companies, this paper investigates the interrelationships between sustainable values (SVs), perceived CSR and customer behaviour in the restaurant industry.Design/methodology/approachTo gather data needed to meet the study aims, we conducted an online survey of restaurant patrons in China, and used partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to analyse the proposed models and test the hypotheses.FindingsThe obtained findings confirm that the three studied SV dimensions (equality, respect for nature and shared responsibility) have positive effects on perceived CSR, which in turn significantly affects word of mouth (WOM). Moreover, perceived CSR mediates the relationship between the three SVs and WOM but has no impact on the relationship between SVs and revisit intention.Practical implicationsThe results of this study have practical implications for managers in the restaurant industry. Restaurant managers can prioritize their CSR efforts based on the relative importance of SV dimensions, which is useful in generating positive WOM.Originality/valueEven though the importance of CSR is widely recognised, it is insufficiently studied from the perspective of restaurant customers. This research not only addresses this gap, but also expands the current understanding of SVs and their impact on CSR.
Knowledge management during emergency remote teaching: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of the transition experiences of faculty members
Authors: Srivastava Pallavi , Sehgal Trishna , Jain Ritika , Kaur Puneet , Luukela-Tandon Anushree 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The study directs attention to the psychological conditions experienced and knowledge management practices leveraged by faculty in higher education institutes (HEIs) to cope with the shift to emergency remote teaching caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. By focusing attention on faculty experiences during this transition, this study aims to examine an under-investigated effect of the pandemic in the Indian context.

Design/methodology/approach
Interpretative phenomenological analysis is used to analyze the data gathered in two waves through 40 in-depth interviews with 20 faculty members based in India over a year. The data were analyzed deductively using Kahn’s framework of engagement and robust coding protocols.

Findings
Eight subthemes across three psychological conditions (meaningfulness, availability and safety) were developed to discourse faculty experiences and challenges with emergency remote teaching related to their learning, identity, leveraged resources and support received from their employing educational institutes. The findings also present the coping strategies and knowledge management-related practices that the faculty used to adjust to each discussed challenge.

Originality/value
The study uses a longitudinal design and phenomenology as the analytical method, which offers a significant methodological contribution to the extant literature. Further, the study’s use of Kahn’s model to examine the faculty members’ transitions to emergency remote teaching in India offers novel insights into the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on educational institutes in an under-investigated context.
Cultural and gender diversity for ESG performance towards knowledge sharing: empirical evidence from European banks
Authors: Paolone Francesco , Pozzoli Matteo , Chhabra Meghna , Di Vaio Assunta 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the effects of board cultural diversity (BCD) and board gender diversity (BGD) of the board of directors on environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance in the European banking sector using resource-based view (RBV) theory. In addition, this study analyses the linkages between BCD and BGD and knowledge sharing on the board of directors to improve ESG performance.

Design/methodology/approach
This study selected a sample of European-listed banks covering the period 2021. ESG and diversity variables were collected from Refinitiv Eikon and analysed using the ordinary least squares model. This study was conducted in the European context regulated by Directive 95/2014/EU, which requires sustainability disclosure. The original population was represented by 250 banks; after missing data were excluded, the final sample comprised 96 European-listed banks.

Findings
The findings highlight the positive linkages between BGD, BCD and ESG scores in the European banking sector. In addition, the findings highlight that diversity contributes to knowledge sharing by improving ESG performance in a regulated sector. Nonetheless, the combined effect of BGD and BCD negatively impacts ESG performance.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to measure and analyse a regulated sector, such as banking, and the relationship between cultural and gender diversity for sharing knowledge under the RBV theory lens in the ESG framework.
Business diversification choices: do director incentives matter?
Authors: Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2024

PurposeMuch prior work involving director incentives and corporate behaviour has been focussing on their absolute dollar value or the intrinsic value and generated mixed findings. Comparison theories, however, suggest that the relative value of an incentive may be the main drive for individual performance. This study attempts to investigate the role of director relative pay in promoting the board’s intervention with unrelated diversification decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis uses data from firms operating in more than one segment during the period from 1999 to 2019. Data were obtained from WRDS databases. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis and the two-stage system generalized method of moments (GMM) were run to test the hypotheses. To test the robustness of the findings, alternative proxies for the key independent variables were used in separate analyses.FindingsThe results support the hypothesis that unrelated diversification negatively impact firm performance, while higher director relative pay will help reduce unrelated business diversification. The absolute director pay, however, has no significant impact on corporate strategic choices. The results also highlight the moderating effect of director overcompensation. Director overcompensation will cancel out the impact of relative director pay on unrelated diversification.Originality/valueThis study takes a fresh theoretical perspective by framing the investigation using the dimensional comparison theory to address the single untended comparison framework in the director pay structure – the intra-individual framework. It is the first to investigate the role of director relative pay in corporate strategic choices. The findings support the contention that the relative value of the incentive is an important indicator of the effectiveness of the pay.