bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous versus changeable: transitions in older parents–adult children relationships in Chinese families
Authors: Deng Ruyue , Yan Shiyuan , Yao Jun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The traditional model of family relationships is undergoing significant changes in contemporary China. Nevertheless, little research has delved into the dynamic evolution of intergenerational relationships. To address this research gap, we utilise data from the Chinese Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) conducted between 2016 and 2018 (N = 7,009) to analyse the transitions in intergenerational relationships over a two-year period, alongside the predictive factors. Employing Latent Transition Analysis, we unveil three distinct typologies: ‘Tight-Knit’, ‘Intimate-Distant’ and ‘Ambivalent-Distant’, which undergo changes over time. Our study captures the tendency of the integration of tradition and modernity within intergenerational relationship patterns in China, as well as the intricate dynamics of these relationships. Furthermore, we identify the predictive roles of age, gender, household registration, health conditions, life events, family composition and filial piety on relationship transitions. This study expands upon previous typological research on intergenerational relationships and enriches our comprehension of their intricate and dynamic nature.
How Supporting Law Libraries Overseas Promotes Access to Justice and is Good for the Planet
Authors: Crossley Katrina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe International Law Book Facility (ILBF) ships donated law books to organisations across the globe which require good quality legal publications. Since its inception in 2005 it has delivered over 80,000 books to more than 250 organisations in 56 countries. Here Katrina Crossley, the Chief Executive of the ILBF, explains why it is so important and how it works, giving some examples of how the project has eased the way for people training in the law in Africa. The importance of law librarians in all of this is discussed too. Katrina also outlines how ILBF has worked with BIALL in the course of its law librarian training schemes in Sierra Leone and Ghana, and will continue to do so in other countries in Africa as this is expanded.
Blended individual and group CBT for OCD in adolescents: model description and a feasibility study
Authors: Kunnari Laura , Mainz Sini , Granö Niklas , Ranta Klaus , Mäkelä Anni , Salkovskis Paul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cognitive-behavioural treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is effective across the lifespan but is not widely available across the range of services. Delivering CBT as a blended treatment combining individual and group-based treatment with flexible parental involvement, adapted to the operational style of any particular service, is a promising option which we aimed to examine in OCD with adolescent samples. In a young people’s service based in a University Hospital, we evaluated the impact of a blended treatment combined with flexible parental involvement with adolescents (age 14–18 years of age). The CBT model used with OCD sufferers was a formulation driven approach, emphasising the importance of providing an alternative account linked to the way responsibility beliefs lead to compulsive behaviour. Six consecutively referred adolescents with their parents participated in a treatment group. Intervention consisted of eight individual meetings, eight group meetings and two meetings with parents. Five of six adolescents carried out the whole intervention. Of all participants, 5/5 scored in the clinical range for OCD at baseline, and 5/5 were no longer in the clinical range by the end of treatment; 5/5 were in the clinical range on general psychiatric problems at baseline, and 4/5 were rated as recovered at the end of treatment. Comparable changes were noted in measures of responsibility linked to intrusive thoughts. Use of a blended individual/group treatment based on a CBT model is feasible, with the results obtained being consistent with previous work on individual CBT treatment.

Key learning aims

(1)
Delivering CBT to adolescents with OCD as a blended treatment combining individual and group-based treatment with flexible parental involvement is a promising option which merits further evaluation.

(2)
OCD symptoms and general psychiatric symptoms were reduced during and after treatment.

(3)
Use of a blended treatment based on a CBT model is feasible.
Analyzing the Land Surface Temperature Response to Urban Morphological Changes: A Case Study of the Chengdu–Chongqing Urban Agglomeration
Authors: Tian Yuhang , Xie Zhenghui , Xie Jinbo , Jia Binghao , Chen Si , Qin Peihua , Li Ruichao , Wang Longhuan , Yan Heng , You Yanbin , Liu Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUrban morphological change impacts the land surface temperature (LST) through modifying the net radiation, convective heat transfer, evapotranspiration, and heat storage on the ground. It is essential to quantify the contributions of these physical changes on LST changes. In this work, we conduct simulations using a weather research and forecasting model for the Chengdu–Chongqing urban agglomeration to identify causes of LST changes due to urban morphological changes through different morphological parameters: the aspect ratio, building plan area fraction, and average building height. A new method is proposed and used to quantify the contribution of these physical changes on LST changes. The results show as the aspect ratio increases, an increase of the average LST is induced by variations in radiation, and daytime cooling and nighttime warming are induced by variations in heat storage. There is warming associated with an increase in the building plan area fraction, which is mostly caused by a decrease in the efficiency of the long‐wave radiant heat emitted from the surface to the atmosphere. We also find that an increase in the average building height enhance the efficiency of convective heat transfer, which results in cooling. These results are important for the management of urban thermal environments.
Cutoff Rigidities, Galactic Cosmic Ray Flux, and Heavy Ion Detections at Jupiter
Authors: Enghoff Martin B. , Svensmark Jacob , Becker Heidi N. , Jørgensen John L. , Kotsiaros Stavros , Herceg Matija , Alexander James W. , Florence Meghan M. , Connerney John E. P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA map of vertical cutoff rigidities has been calculated for galactic cosmic ray (GCR) entry into the atmosphere of Jupiter at the 1 bar pressure radius (1 RJ = 71,492 km) using the JRM33 comprehensive model of Jupiter's magnetic field (based on 32 close flybys of Jupiter by the Juno satellite) along with a particle trajectory code (Geomagnetic Cutoff Rigidity Computer Program). The map was combined with measurements of the GCR proton flux at Earth, from the BESS‐Polar ii campaign, to calculate a corresponding proton flux map at Jupiter. Additional cutoff rigidity maps were calculated for 1,000 km above the 1 bar level, and for 1.41 RJ. Furthermore, detections of heavy particles from Juno's Stellar Reference Unit were analyzed for their cutoff rigidities in multiple directions. Cutoff rigidities of 3.5–7.5 GV were found for five of the detections furthest out making them possible GCR candidates. The majority of points, located below 1.6 RJ are not likely to be GCR. Assuming instead that they are trapped particles we have calculated upper and lower limits on their equatorial pitch angles, resulting in a range from 10.1° to 27.1°, which can help constraining Jupiter's energetic radiation.
Inherited Grain‐Size Distributions: Effect on Heavy‐Mineral Assemblages in Modern and Ancient Sediments
Authors: Feil Sarah , von Eynatten Hilmar , Dunkl István , Schönig Jan , Lünsdorf Nils Keno 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHeavy‐mineral suites are used widely in sandstone provenance and are key when connecting source and sink. When characterizing provenance related signatures, it is essential to understand the different factors that may influence a particular heavy‐mineral assemblage for example, chemical weathering or diagenetic processes. Hydrodynamics, causing size‐density sorting, exert major control on the distribution of heavy minerals. Here, we highlight the effect of grain‐size inheritance, essentially the absence of certain grain sizes within a specific heavy‐mineral species, on two distinct types of sediments. Modern deposits from a high‐energy beach in NW Denmark give an analog for heavily reworked sediment, primarily controlled by hydrodynamic processes. In contrast, three Palaeogene turbidite successions in the Eastern Alps were sampled, presenting a more complex history that includes diagenesis. All samples were processed for their heavy‐mineral compositions using Raman spectroscopy, and several techniques applied to determine the effect of grain‐size inheritance. Results show that (a) even within the hydrodynamically well‐sorted beach and placer deposits, evidence of grain‐size inheritance is apparent, and (b) turbidites of variable heavy‐mineral composition show strong effects of grain‐size inheritance for several mineral species. Moreover, considerable intersample contrasts within single turbidite beds are observed. We enforce the importance of understanding grain‐size inheritance, as well as other processes effecting size‐density relations in clastic sediment that go well beyond purely hydrodynamic control of intrasample heavy‐mineral variability.
Differences in weight status among Australian children and adolescents from priority populations: a longitudinal study
Authors: Lung Thomas , Killedar Anagha , Taki Sarah , Wen Li Ming , Dickson Michelle , Howard Kirsten , Baur Louise , Kelly Patrick , Sherriff Simone , Hayes Alison 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background and significance
Australia has a high level of cultural and linguistic diversity, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Children from specific cultural and ethnic groups may be at greater risk of overweight and obesity and may bear the additional risk of socioeconomic disadvantage. Our aim was to identify differences in body-mass index z-score (zBMI) by: (1) Cultural and ethnic groups and; (2) Socioeconomic position (SEP), during childhood and adolescence.

Subjects/Methods
We used data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian children (n = 9417) aged 2–19 years with 50870 longitudinal measurements of zBMI. Children were classified into 9 cultural and ethnic groups, based on parent and child’s country of birth and language spoken at home. These were: (1) English-speaking countries; (2) Middle East & North Africa; (3) East & South-East Asia; (4) South & Central Asia; (5) Europe; (6) Sub-Saharan Africa; (7) Americas; (8) Oceania. A further group (9) was defined as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander from self-reported demographic information.
Longitudinal cohort analyses in which exposures were cultural and ethnic group and family socioeconomic position, and the outcome was zBMI estimated using multilevel mixed linear regression models. We stratified our analyses over three periods of child development: early childhood (2–5 years); middle childhood (6–11 years); and adolescence (12–19 years).

Results
Across all three periods of child development, children from the Middle East and North Africa, the Americas and Oceania were associated with higher zBMI and children from the two Asian groups were associated with lower zBMI, when compared to the referent group (English). zBMI was socioeconomically patterned, with increasingly higher zBMI associated with more socioeconomic disadvantage.

Conclusions
Our findings identified key population groups at higher risk of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence. Prevention efforts should prioritize these groups to avoid exacerbating inequalities in healthy weight in childhood.
Renal sympathetic denervation improves pressure-natriuresis relationship in cardiorenal syndrome: insight from studies with Ren-2 transgenic hypertensive rats with volume overload induced using aorto-caval fistula
Authors: Honetschlägerová Zuzana , Husková Zuzana , Kikerlová Soňa , Sadowski Janusz , Kompanowska-Jezierska Elzbieta , Táborský Miloš , Vaňourková Zdenka , Kujal Petr , Červenka Luděk 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim was to evaluate the effects of renal denervation (RDN) on autoregulation of renal hemodynamics and the pressure-natriuresis relationship in Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR) with aorto-caval fistula (ACF)-induced heart failure (HF). RDN was performed one week after creation of ACF or sham-operation. Animals were prepared for evaluation of autoregulatory capacity of renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and of the pressure-natriuresis characteristics after stepwise changes in renal arterial pressure (RAP) induced by aortic clamping. Their basal values of blood pressure and renal function were significantly lower than with innervated sham-operated TGR (p < 0.05 in all cases): mean arterial pressure (MAP) (115 ± 2 vs. 160 ± 3 mmHg), RBF (6.91 ± 0.33 vs. 10.87 ± 0.38 ml.min–1.g–1), urine flow (UF) (11.3 ± 1.79 vs. 43.17 ± 3.24 µl.min–1.g–1) and absolute sodium excretion (UNaV) (1.08 ± 0.27 vs, 6.38 ± 0.76 µmol.min–1.g–1). After denervation ACF TGR showed improved autoregulation of RBF: at lowest RAP level (80 mmHg) the value was higher than in innervated ACF TGR (6.92 ± 0.26 vs. 4.54 ± 0.22 ml.min–1.g–1, p < 0.05). Also, the pressure-natriuresis relationship was markedly improved after RDN: at the RAP of 80 mmHg UF equaled 4.31 ± 0.99 vs. 0.26 ± 0.09 µl.min–1.g–1 recorded in innervated ACF TGR, UNaV was 0.31 ± 0.05 vs. 0.04 ± 0.01 µmol min–1.g–1 (p < 0.05 in all cases). In conclusion, in our model of hypertensive rat with ACF-induced HF, RDN improved autoregulatory capacity of RBF and the pressure-natriuresis relationship when measured at the stage of HF decompensation.
Microglial inhibition alleviates alpha-synuclein propagation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease mouse model
Authors: Thi Lai Thuy , Kim Young Eun , Nguyen Linh Thi Nhat , Thi Nguyen Tinh , Kwak In Hee , Richter Franziska , Kim Yun Joong , Ma Hyeo-il 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) is widely recognized as the main pathological process in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Additionally, neuroinflammation is considered to be one of the contributing mechanisms in the development of PD. In light of this, it is hypothesized that the reactive microglia exacerbate the propagation of αSyn and neurodegeneration, while the inhibition of microglial activity may mitigate these effects. To test this hypothesis, αSyn preformed fibrils (PFF)-injected PD mouse model was employed. Co-injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and PFF was performed to investigate if microglial reactivity intensified αSyn propagation and neurodegeneration. Additionally, oral administration of PLX5622, a microglial inhibitor that targets the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, was given for two weeks before and after PFF injection each to explore if microglial inhibition could prevent or reduce αSyn pathology. Intrastriatal co-injection of LPS and PFF resulted in increased microglial reactivity, αSyn accumulation, and neurodegeneration compared to PFF injection alone. However, treatment with PLX5622 significantly suppressed microglial reactivity, reduced αSyn pathology, and alleviated dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the PD mouse model injected with PFF. Based on these findings, it is evident that microglial reactivity plays a crucial role in the progression of αSyn pathology and neurodegeneration in PD. Furthermore, the results suggest that microglial inhibition may hold promise as a therapeutic strategy to delay the progression of αSyn pathology in PD.
Olfactory misinformation provides refuge to palatable plants from mammalian browsing
Authors: Finnerty Patrick B. , Possell Malcolm , Banks Peter B. , Orlando Cristian Gabriel , Price Catherine J. , Shrader Adrian M. , McArthur Clare 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMammalian herbivores browse palatable plants of ecological and economical value. Undesirable neighbours can reduce browsing to these plants by providing ‘associational refuge’, but they can also compete for resources. Here we recreated the informative odour emitted by undesirable plants. We then tested whether this odour could act as virtual neighbours, providing browsing refuge to palatable eucalyptus tree seedlings. We found that protection using this method was equivalent to protection provided by real plants. Palatable seedlings were 17–20 times more likely to be eaten by herbivores without virtual, or real, neighbours. Because many herbivores use plant odour to forage, virtual neighbours could provide a useful practical management approach to help protect valued plants.
Chromosome level genome assembly of endangered medicinal plant Anisodus tanguticus
Authors: Song Yongli , Huang Jian-Ping , Wang Yong-Jiang , Huang Sheng-Xiong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnisodus tanguticus is a medicinal herb that belongs to the Anisodus genus of the Solanaceae family. This endangered herb is mainly distributed in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. In this study, we combined the Illumina short-read, Nanopore long-read and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing technologies to de novo assemble the A. tanguticus genome. A high-quality chromosomal-level genome assembly was obtained with a genome size of 1.26 Gb and a contig N50 of 25.07 Mb. Of the draft genome sequences, 97.47% were anchored to 24 pseudochromosomes with a scaffold N50 of 51.28 Mb. In addition, 842.14 Mb of transposable elements occupying 66.70% of the genome assembly were identified and 44,252 protein-coding genes were predicted. The genome assembly of A. tanguticus will provide genetic repertoire to understand the adaptation strategy of Anisodus species in the plateau, which will further promote the conservation of endangered A. tanguticus resources.
Quantum-walk search in motion
Authors: Sahu Himanshu , Sen Kallol 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn quantum computing, the quantum walk search algorithm is designed for locating fixed marked nodes within a graph. However, when multiple marked nodes exist, the conventional search algorithm lacks the capacity to simultaneously amplify the marked nodes as well as identify the correct chronological ordering between the marked nodes, if any. To address this limitation, we explore a potential extension of the algorithm by introducing additional quantum states to label the marked nodes. The labels resolve the ambiguity of simultaneous amplification of the marked nodes. Additionally, by associating the label states with a chronological ordering, we can extend the algorithm to track a moving particle on a two-dimensional surface. Our algorithm efficiently searches for the trajectory of the particle and is supported by a proposed quantum circuit. This concept holds promise for a range of applications, from real-time object tracking to network management and routing.
Association of vaccine status, reinfections, and risk factors with Long COVID syndrome
Authors: Romero-Ibarguengoitia Maria Elena , Rodríguez-Torres Juan Francisco , Garza-Silva Arnulfo , Rivera-Cavazos Andrea , Morales-Rodriguez Devany Paola , Hurtado-Cabrera Mauricio , Kalife-Assad Ricardo , Villarreal-Parra Diana , Loose-Esparza Alejandro , Gutiérrez-Arias Juan José , Mata-Porras Yaressi Guadalupe , Ojeda-Salazar Daniela Abigail , Sanz-Sánchez Miguel Angel , González-Cantú Arnulfo , Azzolini Elena , Rescigno Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic had a profound global impact, characterized by a high fatality rate and the emergence of enduring consequences known as Long COVID. Our study sought to determine the prevalence of Long COVID syndrome within a population of Northeastern Mexico, correlating it with patients' comorbidities, number of COVID-19 reinfection, and vaccination status. Employing an observational cross-sectional approach, we administered a comprehensive questionnaire covering medical history, demographics, vaccination status, COVID-related symptoms, and treatment. Our participant cohort included 807 patients, with an average age of 41.5 (SD 13.6) years, and women accounting 59.3% of the cohort. The follow-up was 488 (IQR 456) days. One hundred sixty-eight subjects (20.9%) met Long COVID criteria. Long COVID-19 was more prevalent when subjects had reinfections (p = 0.02) and less frequent when they had a complete vaccination scheme (p = 0.05). Through logistic regression, we found that male gender (OR 0.5, p ≤ 0.001), blood types of AB− (OR 0.48, p = 0.003) and O− (OR 0.27, p ≤ 0.001) in comparison with A+ and two doses of vaccines (OR 0.5, p = 006) to be protective factors against Long COVID; while higher BMI (OR 1.04, p = 0.005) was a risk factor. We saw that the prevalence of Long COVID was different within vaccinated patients and specific blood types, while being female and a higher BMI were associated with an increased risk of having long-COVID.
Kinematics modeling of the gear-based crank mechanism engine regardless of the compressions ratio variations
Authors: Sakhraoui Amir , Saggar Maroua , Ayari Fayza , Nasri Rachid 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, geometric and kinematic modeling of the gear-based crank mechanism engine (GBCM) was performed. To this aim, a mechanical approach based on projective computational methods and mechanism theory laws is applied, to which a parametric study has allowed a conclusion on the geometrical and kinematic behaviors of the moving links. The study concluded that the kinematic quantities at connecting rod head are one-half of those at the piston top head. The extrinsic behavior like the stroke of the connecting rod head is twice the crank radius and the piston kinematic are identical to the conventional engine with the same crankshaft ratio regardless of the compression ratio and any gear wheel radius. Hence, all the extrinsic kinematic properties of a classic crankshaft mechanism of the fixed compression ratio engine remain valid for a gear-based crank mechanism engine and can be used for dynamic calculation purposes.
Insights from international environmental legislation and protocols for the global plastic treaty
Authors: Aanesen Margrethe , Ahi Julide C. , Abate Tenaw G. , Khan Farhan R. , de Vries Frans P. , Kite-Powell Hauke , Beaumont Nicola J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPlastic pollution has emerged as a global challenge necessitating collective efforts to mitigate its adverse environmental consequences. International negotiations are currently underway to establish a global plastic treaty. Emphasizing the need for solution-orientated research, rather than focusing on further defining the problems of widespread environmental occurrence and ecological impacts, this paper extracts insights and draws key patterns that are relevant for these international negotiations. The analysis reveals that (i) environmental rather than human health concerns have been the predominant driving force behind previous regulations targeting pollutants, and (ii) the decision to ban or discontinue the use of harmful pollutants is primarily affected by the availability of viable substitutes. These two key findings are relevant to the discussions of the ongoing Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) on the global plastic treaty and underscore the recognition of environmental consequences associated with plastic pollution while emphasizing the need to enhance the knowledge base of potential human health risks. Leveraging the availability of substitutes can significantly contribute to the development and implementation of effective strategies aimed at reducing plastic usage and corresponding pollution.