bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Talc Formulation (TNAUPc001) Nematode Egg Parasitic Fungus, Pochonia chlamydosporia on the Management of Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in Brinjal (Solanum melongena)
Authors: Senthamizh K. , Vijayageetha V. , Sebastian Sibi , Jamuna E. , Sakthivel K. , Swarnakumari N. 
Published: January 2025

A pot culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of talc formulation of nematode eggparasitic fungus, Pochonia chlamydosporia in different method of application viz., seed treatment, nursery application in growth media and soil application at he time of transplanting in brinjal for the management of Meloidogyne incognita at Vegetable Research Station, Palur, Tamil Nadu, India during 2020-2021. These experiments clearly indicated the effectiveness of a bio-agent P. chlamydosporia, TNAU (Pc001) talc formulation were more when applied in combined application viz., seed (8g/kg seed) + nursey (10/kg growth media) + soil application method (5kg/ha). The brinjal yield was significantly high in vegetable yield (880 g/plant) in brinjal (Var PLR 2), Which is 55.3 per cent increase over untreated control and recorded with lowest root-knot nematode, M. incognita population (81.66/250 cc soil and 8.33/ 5 g of root) which was more than 60 per cent reduction over control. The colony farming units in the soil also more (75 X104) in the above treatments. Through these investigations we could standardize a strategy for the sustainable management of nematode by integration of seed treatment @ 8g/kg, nursery application @10g/kg growth media and soil application @5kg/ha in the main field in brinjal.
Effect of perioperative antibiotics on postoperative infection in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A retrospective study
Authors: Yang Sufang , Liu Guohua , He Xuezhen , Huang Congcong , Pei Dabing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
The effect of perioperative antibiotics on postoperative infection (PI) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing postoperative infection and to identify related risk factors.

Methods
This retrospective study included 464 patients who underwent LC. Patients were divided into the antibiotic group (260 patients, received cephalosporins after anesthesia induction) and the no-antibiotic group (204 patients). Demographic data and infection rates were compared using chi-squared and t-tests, and binary logistic regression was applied to identify risk factors, with results presented as Odds Ratios and Confidence Intervals.

Results
The overall PI rate was 2.4% (11 of 464 patients), with no statistically significant difference between the antibiotic group (2.0%, 5 of 260 patients) and the noantibiotic group (3.0%, 6 of 204 patients; P-value = 0.474). Risk factors significantly associated with PI included advanced age (P = 0.001), low albumin levels (P = 0.010), long hospital stay (P &lt; 0.001), and prolonged operation time (P = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced age (odds ratios = 1.08, 95% confidence intervals: 1.00-1.16)and extended hospital stay (odds ratios = 1.33, 95% confidence intervals: 1.14-1.56) significantly increased the risk of postoperative infection.

Conclusion
Routine prophylactic antibiotics may not be necessary for all patients undergoing LC; however, older patients and those with extended hospitalizations should be carefully evaluated, as they may be at higher infection risk. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings and optimize antibiotic use in this context.
Gold‐Nanolayer‐Derived Zincophilicity Suppressing Metallic Zinc Dendrites and Its Efficacy in Improving Electrochemical Stability of Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Hee Jae , Kim Sun , Kim Suhwan , Kim Sungkyu , Heo Kwang , Lim Jae‐Hong , Yashiro Hitoshi , Shin Hyeon‐Ji , Jung Hun‐Gi , Lee Yong Min , Myung Seung‐Taek 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein, an Au‐coating layer adjusted on the surface of a Zn metal electrode that effectively suppresses the dendrite growth as well as the mechanisms underlying the dendrite suppression as a result of the zincophilic character of Au is introduced. For the Au‐coated Zn metal symmetric cell, uniform deposition of Zn‐derived compounds was revealed by operando synchrotron tomography. Microscopic studies demonstrate that the Au‐coating layer is induced to form a new Zn–Au alloy during the initial Zn deposition, resulting in stabilized long‐term stripping/plating of Zn via the ‘embracing effect’ that intimately accommodates Zn deposition for further cycles. This property supports the successful operation of symmetrical cells up to 50 mA cm−2. According to Zn electrodeposition simulation, it is verified that the suppression of dendrite growth is responsible for the electro‐conducting Au nanolayer that uniformly distributes the electric field and protects the Zn electrode from corrosion, ultimately promoting uniform Zn growth. The compatibility of the Au‐coating layer for full cell configuration is verified using NaV3O8 as a cathode material over 1 000 cycles. This finding provides a new pathway for the enhancement of the electrochemical performance of ZIBs by suppressing the dendritic growth of Zn by means of a zincophilic Au nanolayer.
Mikrowellenspektren und Molekülstruktur
Authors: Maier W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDer Mikrowellenbereich. Wirkungsweise, Genauigkeit, Empfindlichkeit und Auflösungsvermögen eines Mikrowellenspektrographen. Rotationsspektren im Mikrowellenbereich und ihre Analyse. Bestimmung von Rotationskonstanten, Deformationskonstanten, Trägheitsmomenten. Bestimmung von Kernabständen und Bindungswinkeln, Schwierigkeiten durch die Nullpunktschwingungen. Der Starkeffekt an Rotationslinien. Bestimmung elektrischer Dipolmomente. Die Hyperfeinkonstruktur der Rotationslinien und ihre Analyse. Bestimmung der Quadrupolwechselwirkungskonstante. Molekülphysikalische Bedeutung der letzteren.
Ein Verfahren zur Berechnung der Verbrennungstemperatur von Gasgemischen (Betrachtung von Vorgängen bei konstantem Druck)
Authors: Wolff Hans 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEine kürzlich beschriebene Methode, die Temperatur bei der Verbrennung von Gasen in konstantem Volumen durch Aufsuchen des Entropiemaximums zu berechnen, wird auf Vorgänge unter konstantem Druck übertragen.
Zur Theorie der polarographischen Kurve II. Bestimmung der Diffusionskoeffizienten von Ionen in Elektrolytlösungen
Authors: Strehlow H. , Mädrich O. , Stackelberg M. V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDie von Strehlow und v. Stackelberg1) abgeleitete zweite Näherung der polarographischen Diffusionsstromgleichung (Ilkovič‐Gleichung) wird durch experimentelle Untersuchungen an den Ionen Tl+, Pb++, Cd++, Ni++, IO−3 geprüft und bestätigt. Insbesondere wird für den in dieser Gleichung auftretenden Zahlenfaktor A der Wert 17 3 sichergestellt.Für die genannten Ionen werden die Diffusionskoeffizienten in einer 0,1 n‐KCl‐Lösung bestimmt und mit den nach Nernst aus der molaren Leitfähigkeit bei unendlicher Verdünnung berechneten, d. h. für reines Wasser gültigen, verglichen. Für das Tl‐ion wird der Gang des Diffusionskoeffizienten mit der Konzentration des KCl von 0 bis 3 n bestimmt.Es wird ein vereinfachtes Verfahren zur polarographischen Bestimmung der Diffusionskoeffizienten angegeben und auf dessen Anwendbarkeit bei der “Absolutpolarographie” hingewiesen.Es wird gezeigt, daß die zweite Näherung der Ilkovič‐Gleichung die Abhängigkeit der polarographischen Diffusionsstromstärke vom Quecksilberdruck (Niveaugefäßhöhe) richtig wiedergibt, wenn man den Rückdruck infolge der Grenzflächenspannung des Tropfens berücksichtigt.
Adsorption und Oberflächenwanderung beim Langmuir‐Taylor‐Effekt
Authors: Moesta Hasso 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEs wird über drei Typen von Versuchen zum Studium der Bildung von Kaliumionen an Platin berichtet, deren Ergebnisse der Langmuir‐de Boerschen Theorie zum Teil widersprechen, zum Teil nicht darin enthalten sind. Aus der Vorstellung zweier, dispers nebeneinander existierender Oberflächentypen („aktiver”︁ und „inaktiver”︁ Bereich) läßt sich eine Darstellung gewinnen, die diese Versuche zu beschreiben gestattet und mit älteren Ergebnissen nicht in Widerspruch steht.
Die optische Aktivität als Problem und als Hilfsmittel der Forschung
Authors: Kuhn Werner 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDurch die vor 60 Jahren von P. Walden beobachtete, nach ihm benannte optische Umkehrung wurden ver‐schiedene, damals ungelöste Probleme auf dem Gebiete der Kinetik chemischer Reaktionen und insbesondere hinsichtlich des Zusammenhangs von chemischer Konstitution und optischer Drehung eindringlich herausgestellt. Es wird dargelegt, wie diese Probleme in den letzten Jahrzehnten durch Beiträge verschiedener Gebiete der Wissenschaft eine wenigstens teilweise und grundsätzliche Lösung gefunden haben. Am Beispiel der bis‐ortho‐substituierten Diphenylverbindungen wird gezeigt, wie das Drehungsvermögen eines gegebenen Antipoden einer optisch aktiven Verbindung mit dem Schwingungsbild der Absorptionsbande des Moleküls verbunden ist und wie das letztere seinerseits mit angebbaren und anschaulichen geometrischen und optischen Molekülparametern zusammenhängt. Das optische Drehungsvermögen steht auf Grund dieser Zusammenhänge im Begriff, aus einem Problem zu einem Hilfsmittel der Erforschung empfindlicher und wichtiger Moleküleigenschaften zu werden.
On oscillating enzymatic reactions and on a possible interpretation of spike‐potentials in nerves
Authors: Christiansen J. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is well known that K. F. Bonhoeffer in the later years of his life became deeply interested in problems relating to the function of nerves and in the possible existence of periodic chemical reactionsK. F. Bonhoeffer, Naturwissenschaften 31, 270 (1943) and later papers.
The following contribution, incomplete as it is, which relates just to these two problems is intended by its author to be a hommage to the memory of a dear friend and a great scientist.
Pyroelektrischer Vorlesungsversuch mit flüssiger Luft
Authors: Clusius K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDie auf James Dewar zurückgehende Beobachtung, daß sich Uranylnitrat beim Abkühlen elektrisch stark auflädt und daher zum Klären von flüssiger Luft eignet, ist auf Pyroelektrizität zurückzuführen. Die Erscheinungen lassen sich am Turmalin leicht zeigen. Zum Beseitigen von Verunreinigungen, die in flüssiger Luft umherschwimmen, ist Seignettesalz besonders zu empfehlen.
Interaction between multisensory information and emotional activation in video‐facilitated psychotherapy
Authors: Nordström Elisa , Luutonen Sinikka , Paananen Jenny , Koffert Tarja , Keinänen Matti , Suomalainen Karita , Hietala Jarmo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundEmotional activation is regarded as central in psychotherapy. We have developed a method called VideoTalk, in which patients video themselves at home according to the therapist's instructions, and the videos are watched together in the therapy session. The aim of the study was to find out whether watching and listening to a video in psychotherapy readily activates the patient's emotions.MethodsThe video material was analysed by theory‐based content analysis using the interacting cognitive subsystems (ICS) theory. The ICS theory suggests a link between sensory information and emotions and describes two levels of meaning: propositional and implicational. The implicational level gains information from the propositional level and directly from perceptions and is central to the activation of emotions. Five patients participated in our schema therapy‐based intervention. Our material included videos of 10 therapy sessions, in which the patient and the therapist watched a video made by the patient at home in a state of helplessness. Watching the video in the session was performed in parts, and between watching periods, there were observation phases consisting of discussion about what the patient had seen and heard on the video and how it affected them. Our data included 38 observation phases, and in 35 of these, the patient verbalised an emotion after watching the video. The implicational level was involved in almost all observation phases in which the patient verbalised emotions.ResultsOur findings are in line with the hypothesis that added multisensory information via video enhances input to the implicational level and therefore emotional activation in psychotherapy. This is a possible mechanism by which the use of VideoTalk could facilitate the psychotherapy process.
Dynamic control of contractile resistance to iPSC‐derived micro‐heart muscle arrays
Authors: Schuftan David , Kooh Yasaman Kargar Gaz , Guo Jingxuan , Sun Yuwen , Aryan Lavanya , Stottlemire Bryce , Berkland Cory , Genin Guy M. , Huebsch Nathaniel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMany types of cardiovascular disease are linked to the mechanical forces placed on the heart. However, our understanding of how mechanical forces exactly affect the cellular biology of the heart remains incomplete. In vitro models based on cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC‐CM) enable researchers to develop medium to high‐throughput systems to study cardiac mechanobiology at the cellular level. Previous models have been developed to enable the study of mechanical forces, such as cardiac afterload. However, most of these models require exogenous extracellular matrix (ECM) to form cardiac tissues. Recently, a system was developed to simulate changes in afterload by grafting ECM‐free micro‐heart muscle arrays to elastomeric substrates of discrete stiffnesses. In the present study, we extended this system by combining the elastomer‐grafted tissue arrays with a magnetorheological elastomeric substrate. This system allows iPSC‐CM based micro‐heart muscle arrays to experience dynamic changes in contractile resistance to mimic dynamically altered afterload. Acute changes in substrate stiffness led to acute changes in the calcium dynamics and contractile forces, illustrating the system's ability to dynamically elicit changes in tissue mechanics by dynamically changing contractile resistance.
Technological intensity and local socio‐economic development
Authors: Pereira Rafael Morais , Azevedo Ana Cláudia , Farago Fabio Emanuel , Borini Felipe Mendes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to empirically analyse the relationship between technological intensity profile and local socio‐economic development, using the theories of path dependence and microregional agglomeration economies. We applied the technique of linear hierarchical modelling with data from 645 municipalities in Brazil. Our results demonstrated that current municipal socio‐economic development could be explained by the local technological path itself but even more so by the technological intensity of the microregion. This article's contribution lies in its union of two theoretical perspectives and its adoption of a quantitative approach, allowing for the analysis of municipal development at two levels, local and microregional.
Isotope effect suggests site‐specific nonadiabaticity on Ge(111)c(2×8)
Authors: Krüger Kerstin , Wang Yingqi , Zhu Lingjun , Jiang Bin , Guo Hua , Wodtke Alec M. , Bünermann Oliver 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnergy transferred in atom‐surface collisions typically depends strongly on projectile mass, an effect that can be experimentally detected by isotopic substitution. In this work, we present measurements of inelastic H and D atom scattering from a semiconducting Ge(111)c(2×8) surface exhibiting two scattering channels. The first channel shows the expected isotope effect and is quantitatively reproduced by electronically adiabatic molecular dynamics simulations. The second channel involves electronic excitations of the solid and, surprisingly, exhibits almost no isotope effect. We attribute these observations to scattering dynamics, wherein the likelihood of electronic excitation varies with the impact site engaged in the interaction.Key Points
Previous work revealed that H atoms with sufficient translational energy can excite electrons over the band gap of a semiconductor in a surface collision.
We studied the isotope effect of the energy transfer by H/D substitution and performed band structure calculations to elucidate the underlying excitation mechanism.
Our results suggest a site‐specific mechanism that requires the atom to hit a specific surface site to excite an electron‐hole pair.
Rapid, visible light‐controlled cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers for 3D printing of chemically reprocessable networks under ambient conditions
Authors: Gonzalez Calvo Thalia , Hawkins Kade D. , Seo Soyoung Eileen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLight‐mediated 3D printing techniques have gained significant interest due to the inherent advantages of light as external stimuli, including spatiotemporal control and easy access. As 3D printing processes require rapid polymerization, free radical or cationic polymerization methods are used. However, these polymerization reactions are limited to the production of materials with properties that cannot be chemically altered post‐printing. In this work, a rapid, open‐to‐air photo‐controlled cationic reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization of vinyl ethers is demonstrated in the presence of a three‐component photoinitiating system comprising a photosensitizer, electron donor, and acceptor as co‐initiators under the irradiation with blue light. The polymerization mechanism shows rapid kinetics and controlled, living polymerization characteristics. Trithiocarbonate chain ends of poly(isobutyl vinyl ethers) are reactivated to produce block copolymers with cyclohexyl vinyl ethers. The rapid kinetics and water tolerance of the reported system enable the 3D printing of polymeric solids under ambient (e.g., room temperature and open to air) conditions, followed by the effective reactivation of trithiocarbonate chain ends to post‐synthetically modify the object with an acrylate‐based fluorescent monomer via a controlled radical polymerization strategy.
Electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of Cs2XInCl6 (X = Ag, Na) halide double perovskites
Authors: Arshad Misha , Aldaghfag Shatha A. , Saleem Sanam , Yaseen Muhammad , Nasarullah Nasarullah 
Published: November 2023

Herein, the optoelectronic, structural, thermoelectric and elastic features of halide double perovskites (HDPs) Cs2XInCl6(X=Ag, Na) are examined by using full‐potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP‐LAPW) technique. The Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) and Tran‐Blaha modified Becke‐Johnson (TB‐mBJ) potential is employed to figure out the features of mentioned compounds. The computed values of direct band‐gaps (Eg) for Cs2AgInCl6 and Cs2NaInCl6 compounds are 2.52 and 5.24 eV, correspondingly. The stability of perovskites is confirmed in terms of formation energy ΔHf, tolerance factor (τ) and octahedral factor. Furthermore, optical properties analysis demonstrates that studied compound exhibit conductivity and absorptivity across a broad range of incident photon energy with minimum R(ω). Moreover, outcomes of elastic parameters display isotropic and ductile nature for both materials. Thermoelectric (TE) properties like thermal conductivity (k/τ), power factor (PF), electrical conductivity (σ/τ) and Seebeck coefficient (S) are also calculated by utilizing BoltzTrap code. Cs2NaInCl6 attained the maximum value of ZT (0.76) with PF of 0.42. Computed TE and optical parameters indicate that Cs2XInCl6(X=Ag, Na) are promising for usages in solar absorbing and energy conversion devices.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Beyond the EWMA chart: Critiquing hybrid approaches
Authors: Haq Abdul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study reveals that recent variants of the EWMA chart have problematic weighting functions. These functions assign more weight to past data values than to the most recent ones, a practice that is less advisable. What we observed is that these weighting functions have a detrimental impact on the run length properties of these modified charts. Surprisingly, it turns out that, in practice, using a standard EWMA chart often results in superior overall performance when compared to the recent variants of the EWMA chart.
Decay Rate of $$\varvec{\exp (A^{-1}t)A^{-1}}$$ on a Hilbert Space and the Crank–Nicolson Scheme with Smooth Initial Data
Authors: Wakaiki Masashi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the decay rate of $$e^{A^{-1}t}A^{-1}$$

e

A

-
1

t

A

-
1

for the generator A of an exponentially stable $$C_0$$

C
0

-semigroup on a Hilbert space. To estimate the decay rate of $$e^{A^{-1}t}A^{-1}$$

e

A

-
1

t

A

-
1

, we apply a bounded functional calculus. Using this estimate and Lyapunov equations, we also study the quantified asymptotic behavior of the Crank-Nicolson scheme with smooth initial data. A similar argument is applied to a polynomially stable $$C_0$$

C
0

-semigroup whose generator is normal.
Short- and long-term plant and microbial uptake of 15N-labelled urea in a mesic tundra heath, West Greenland
Authors: Barthelemy Hélène , Nobel Liv Alexa , Stark Sari , Väisänen Maria , Olofsson Johan , Michelsen Anders 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTerrestrial animals are key elements in the cycling of elements in the Arctic where nutrient availability is low. Waste production by herbivores, in particular urine deposition, has a crucial role for nitrogen (N) recycling, still, it remains largely unexplored. Also, experimental evidence is biased toward short-term studies and Arctic regions under high herbivore pressure. In this study, we aimed to examine the fate of N derived from urine in a nutrient poor tundra heath in West Greenland, with historical low level of herbivory. We performed a pulse labelling with 15N-urea over the plant canopy and explored ecosystem N partition and retention in the short-term (2 weeks and 1 year) and longer-term (5 years). We found that all vascular plants, irrespective of their traits, could rapidly take up N-urea, but mosses and lichens were even more efficient. Total 15N enrichment was severely reduced for all plants 5 years after tracer addition, with the exception of cryptogams, indicating that non-vascular plants constituted a long-term sink of 15N-urea. The 15N recovery was also high in the litter suggesting high N immobilization in this layer, potentially delaying the nutrients from urine entering the soil compartment. Long-term 15N recovery in soil microbial biomass was minimal, but as much as 30% of added 15N remained in the non-microbial fraction after 5 years. Our results demonstrate that tundra plants that have evolved under low herbivory pressure are well adapted to quickly take advantage of labile urea, with urine having only a transient effect on soil nutrient availability.
Synthesis, spectral, thermal properties, and crystal structure of bis(2,4-dichlorobenzoato-O)bis(thiourea-S)zinc(II)
Authors: Kuchár Juraj , Homzová Katarína , Tomčík Peter , Culková Eva , Vargová Zuzana , Györyová Katarína 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe complex compound bis(2,4-dichlorobenzoato-O)bis(thiourea-S)zinc(II) has been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray analysis. During the thermal decomposition in inert atmosphere, thiourea, dichlorobenzene and carbon dioxide are evolved. The solid intermediate was confirmed by IR spectroscopy, and the final product of the thermal decomposition was proven by powder diffractometry. The coordination environment of the zinc(II) atom is built up by two sulphur atoms from two thiourea ligands and two oxygen atoms from two monodentate 2,4-dichlorobenzoate anions to form a distorted tetrahedral coordination around the zinc(II) atom (chromophore ZnO2S2). The mode of the carboxylate binding was assigned from the IR spectrum using the magnitude of the separation between the carboxylate stretches (Δ), and it is in good agreement with the crystal structure. The structure is also stabilized with hydrogen bonds of N–H···O and N–H···Cl type.