bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФЕНОЛЬНИХ СПОЛУК У СИРОВИНІ ДЯГЕЛЮ ЛІКАРСЬКОГО (ANGELICA ARCHANGELICA L.)
Authors: Сагадюк В. П. , Гуменюк І. С. , Марчишин С. М. , Слободянюк Л. В. 
Published: February 2024

Вступ. Дягель лікарський (Angelica archangelica L.) – найпоширеніший вид роду Angelica L. в Україні. Росте в заболочених і прибережних місцях. Дягель лікарський має широкий спектр біологічної активності, а саме протизапальну, спазмолітичну, сечогінну, потогінну, седативну, цитотоксичну й анксіолітичну властивості, підвищує жовчовиділення, секрецію шлункового соку, посилює моторику кишечника та пригнічує бродіння. Відвари з підземних органів дягелю застосовують при бронхітах, виразці шлунка, анорексії, хронічній втомі та мігрені. Враховуючи те, що дягель лікарський на сьогодні вивчено недостатньо, актуальним є його фітохімічне дослідження.
Мета дослідження – визначити кількісний вміст суми поліфенолів та суми флавоноїдів у сировині досліджуваної рослини.
Методи дослідження. Матеріалом для досліджень були листки та кореневища і корені дягелю лікарського, які заготовляли на території Тернопільської області. Кількісний вміст суми поліфенолів та суми флавоноїдів визначали спектрофотометричним методом на спектрофотометрі “Lambda 25 UV” (“Perkin Elmer”, США).
Результати й обговорення. Результати досліджень показали, що вміст суми поліфенолів у листках та кореневищах і коренях дягелю лікарського становив 4,19 та 2,66 % відповідно. Загальний кількісний вміст суми флавоноїдів у листках досліджуваної рослини становив 4,74 %, у кореневищах і коренях – 0,34 %. У листках дягелю лікарського кількісний вміст суми флавоноїдів був майже в 4 рази більшим, ніж у кореневищах і коренях досліджуваного об’єкта.
Висновки. Визначено кількісний вміст суми поліфенолів і суми флавоноїдів у листках та кореневищах і коренях дягелю лікарського. Встановлено, що листки досліджуваної рослини містять значну кількість суми поліфенолів і суми флавоноїдів – 4,19 та 4,74 % відповідно. Отримані результати свідчать про перспективність подальших поглиблених фітохімічних досліджень біологічно активних речовин дягелю лікарського (Angelica archangelica L.).
ВИБІР ДОПОМІЖНИХ РЕЧОВИН ДЛЯ ОДЕРЖАННЯ МАСИ ДЛЯ КАПСУЛЮВАННЯ ІЗ СУХИМ ЕКСТРАКТОМ ЧОРНОБРИВЦІВ
Authors: Козир Г. Р. , Васенда М. М. 
Published: February 2024

Вступ. Рослинну сировину широко використовують для профілактики та лікування багатьох захворювань. Інтерес становлять поглиблене дослідження чорнобривців Tagetes lucida квітів, листя і трави та створення лікарських засобів на їх основі. Основна мета внесення допоміжної речовини до складу лікарського засобу полягає в тому, щоб підвищити точність дозування активного фармацевтичного інгредієнта, покращити всмоктування і розчинність препарату, поліпшити стабільність (подовжити термін придатності), сприяти кращій переносимості та сприйняттю лікарського засобу пацієнтами, включаючи його зовнішній вигляд і смак.
Мета дослідження – підібрати допоміжні речовини для створення капсул на основі сухого екстракту чорнобривців Tagetes lucida трави.
Методи дослідження. Вивчено вплив дев’яти допоміжних речовин на технологічні властивості мас для капсулювання на основі сухого екстракту чорнобривців трави та обґрунтовано вибір кращих допоміжних речовин при розробці капсульованого лікарського засобу із застосуванням методу математичного планування експерименту.
Результати й обговорення. На першому етапі експерименту було вивчено морфометричні та фармако-технологічні показники сухого екстракту чорнобривців Tagetes lucida трави. У роботі розглянуто питання щодо підбору ексципієнтів-лідерів згідно з їх властивостями і функціональним призначенням для отримання порошкової маси із сухого екстракту чорнобривців Tagetes lucida трави. Крім того, висвітлено основні технологічні моменти, які полягали у виборі кращих поєднань допоміжних речовин та способу введення екстракту в порошкову масу. Проведено дослідження і здійснено вибір допоміжних речовин при розробці лікарського засобу на основі сухого екстракту чорнобривців у формі капсул.
Висновки. Щоб одержати масу для капсулювання з необхідними фармако-технологічними показниками, доцільно використати таке поєднання допоміжних речовин: Lycatab PGS, compriZucker та Prosolv.
Diversity of Omicron sublineages and clinical characteristics in hospitalized patients in the southernmost state of Brazil
Authors: Rhoden Jaqueline , Hoffmann Andressa Taíz , Stein Janaína Franciele , da Silva Mariana Soares , Gularte Juliana Schons , Filippi Micheli , Demoliner Meriane , Girardi Viviane , Spilki Fernando Rosado , Fleck Juliane Deise , Rigotto Caroline 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Omicron has become the dominant variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since first reported in November 2021. From the initially detected Wuhan lineage, sublineages BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BQ, XAG, and XBB have emerged over time and are dominant in many countries. Therefore, the aim is to evaluate which variants are circulating and the clinical characteristics of inpatients infected with the Omicron variant.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study selected hospitalized patients admitted with respiratory symptoms to a hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between June and July 2022. SARS-CoV-2 results were analyzed together with clinical outcomes and vaccination status. A viral genome library was prepared and forwarded to the Illumina MiSeq Platform for sequencing.

Results
In total, 37 genomes were sequenced. Concerning the Omicron sublineages, our study detected: BA.1 (21 K), BA.2 (21 L), BA.4 (22A), BA.5 (22B), BA.2.12.1 (22C), BQ.1 (22E), XBB (22F), and XAG recombinant. Omicron BA.5 (30%), BA.2 (19%), and BQ.1 (19%) were the most frequent sublineages, respectively. In total, 38% of patients present hypertension, and the most common symptoms were coughing (62%). Analyzing the COVID-19 vaccination, 30% of patients were fully vaccinated, 49% had a partial vaccination status, and 21% were unvaccinated (no dose).

Conclusions
BA.5 was the most prevalent sublineage in our study and surpassed the predominance of BA.2, as reported by the national genomic surveillance program. BQ.1 was diagnosed earlier in this study than it was officially reported in the state. Current data have demonstrated that the Omicron variant causes less severe infections, with the high rate of transmissibility and mutational landscape causing the rapid emergence of new sublineages.
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein level in stable-state bronchiectasis predicts exacerbation risk
Authors: Kwok Wang Chun , Teo Kay Cheong , Lau Kui Kai , HO James Chung-man 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Elevation of systemic inflammatory markers were found to correlate with increased disease extent, reduced lung function and higher risk of future severe exacerbations in patients with bronchiectasis. Although a significant correlation of circulating hs-CRP levels with HRCT scores and resting oxygen saturation in patients with stable-state non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis was suggested, there is little data on the relationship between hs-CRP and the prognosis of bronchiectasis and a lack of data on the role of hs-CRP in predicting bronchiectasis exacerbation.

Methods
A prospective study was conducted on Chinese patients with non- CF bronchiectasis from 1st October to 31st December 2021. Baseline serum hs-CRP were obtained at stable-state. The follow-up period lasted for one year. Co-primary endpoints were the development of any bronchiectasis exacerbation and hospitalized bronchiectasis exacerbation.

Results
Totally 123 patients were included. Higher hs-CRP was associated with increased risk to develop any bronchiectasis exacerbation, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.254 (95% CI = 1.040–4.885, p = 0.039), and borderline significantly increased hospitalized bronchiectasis exacerbation with aOR of 1.985 (95% CI = 0.922–4.277, p = 0.080).

Conclusion
Baseline serum hs-CRP level at stable-state can predict risk of bronchiectasis exacerbation, which is reflecting chronic low-grade inflammation in bronchiectasis.
Heart rate variability and cold-induced vascular dilation after stimulation of two different areas of the ear: a prospective, single-blinded, randomized crossover study
Authors: Sagui Emmanuel , Claverie Damien , Bidaut Wahiba , Grelot Laurent 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Both noninvasive transauricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) and traditional medical practice (TMP), such as auriculotherapy, use the auricle as a starting point for stimulation, but with two different conceptual frameworks: taVNS depends on vagal afferences to account for its effects, whereas TMP requires stimulation of the ear with high topographical accuracy regardless of the afferent nerves. The aim of this study was to measure heart rate variability (HRV) and cold water–induced vasodilation (CIVD) after puncturing two different ear points with the same afference but that should have opposite effects according to TMP.

Methods
Ten healthy subjects were investigated in this single-blinded crossover study over three sessions. In the first session, sympathetic activation was performed via cold water immersion of the right hand, with recordings taken from multiple fingers. HRV was assessed in the time domain (square root of the mean squared differences of NN intervals (RMSSD)) and frequency domain (low (LF) and high frequencies (HF)). In the second and third sessions, the same skin immersion test was performed, and mechanical stimulation was applied to the ear at two different points on the internal surface of the antitragus, one with alleged parasympathetic activity and the other with alleged sympathetic activity. The stimulation was done with semipermanent needles.

Results
Stimulation of the point with alleged parasympathetic activity immediately resulted in a significant decrease in RMSSD in 75% of the subjects and in LF in 50% of the subjects, while stimulation of the point with alleged sympathetic activity resulted in an increase in HF and RMSSD in 50% of the subjects. Stimulation of these points did not affect the CIVD reflex. The 20 min cold water immersion induced an immediate decrease in LF and the LF/HF ratio and an increase in HF. The skin temperature of the nonimmersed medius significantly decreased when the contralateral hand was immersed, from 34.4 °C to 31.8 °C.

Conclusions
Stimulation of two different ear points innervated by the same afferent nerves elicited different HRV responses, suggesting somatotopy and a vagal effect beyond vagal afferences. These results are not in accordance with the claims of TMP.

Trial registration
NCT04130893 (18/10/2019) clinicaltrials.com.
Assessment of medical students' knowledge of primary limb sarcomas
Authors: Machado Pedro Alcântara Botelho , Bartolomeu Gabriella Freitas Pereira , Handeri Alycia Madureira , Silva Maria Olívia Teixeira , Hirsch Ariel E. , Drummond-Lage Ana Paula 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Typically, oncology is not a structured part of the curriculum in Brazilian medical schools. Furthermore, sarcomas, which are uncommon tumors, are seldom covered in depth. A lack of comprehensive education on sarcomas might result in medical professionals being ill-equipped to care for patients with this condition.

Objectives
To assess medical students' understanding and awareness of sarcomas and the specific principles related to these tumors.

Materials and methods
A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire, applied to medical students, focusing on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatments of bone and soft tissue sarcomas. In all tests, the significance level adopted was 5%. The SPSS version 25.0 software was used.

Results
Of the 825 questionnaires distributed, 325 were returned. Educational sessions on sarcomas did not appear to significantly improve the student's knowledge. Only 29.5% of students identified the lack of pain as an indicator of potential malignancy in soft tissue sarcomas, while 73.8% correctly recognized pain as a symptom of bone sarcomas. Limb amputation as the optimal surgical method for patient recovery was incorrectly reported by 39.1% of the sample.

Conclusion
A great part of the surveyed population does not have adequate knowledge about the basic concepts associated with limb sarcomas. The minority of them are satisfied with the knowledge gained during their medical education about these tumors. Inadequate medical academic training may initially lead to the wrong clinical management of patients with bone and soft tissue tumor lesions. An educational effort is needed to enhance oncology education for medical students, especially concerning sarcomas.
A spatial feature analysis of primary health care utilization in a large city in China and its implications for family doctor contract service policy
Authors: Rao Xin , Luo Li , Wang Xingyue 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Family doctor contract policy is now run by the State Council as an important move to promote the hierarchical medical system. Whether the family doctor contract policy achieves the initial government’s goal should be measured further from the perspective of patient visits between hospitals and community health centers, which are regarded as grass medical agencies.

Methods
The spatial feature measurement method is applied with ArcGIS 10.2 software to analyze the spatial aggregation effect of patient visits to hospitals or community health centers among 20 districts of one large city in China and analyze the family doctor contract policy published in those areas to compare the influence of visit tendencies.

Results
From year 2016-2020, visits to hospitals were in the high-high cluster, and the density was spatially overflow, while there was no such tendency in visits to community health centers. The analysis of different family doctor contract policy implementation times in 20 districts reflects that the family doctor contract policy has a very limited effect on the promotion of the hierarchical medical system, and the innovation of the family doctor contract policy needs to be considered.

Conclusions
A brief summary and potential implications.
A multi-integrated medical system along with family doctor contract policy needs to be established, especially integrated in leadership and governance, financing, workforce, and service delivery between hospitals and community health centers, to promote the hierarchical medical system.
Exploring hospitals’ functional preparedness effective factors in response to disasters: a qualitative study in a lower middle-income country
Authors: Samei Behrouz , Babaie Javad , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Sadeghi-bazargani Homayoun , Aghdash Saber Azami , Derakhshani Naser , Rezapour Ramin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Medical services are among the most urgent needs of the disaster-affected population. Consequently, hospital preparedness -as the main health services provider- is one of the vital factors in effective response to disasters. The present study aims to explore the perspectives of study participants about the influential factors of hospital functional preparedness in a lower middle-income country.

Methods
In this qualitative study, data were collected through 17 semi-structured interviews with disaster management authorities selected by purposive sampling. Content-Analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results
138 codes were developed and categorized into ten categories and 34 subcategories. The main categories were: 1- leadership, command, and coordination (4 subcategories); 2- risk assessment (3 subcategories); 3- legislating and developing protocols, guidelines, and programs (3 subcategories); 4- estimating and storing the necessary supplies and equipment (3 subcategories); 5- human resource management (4 subcategories); 6- education, training, and development of staff (6 subcategories); 7- vital routes and facilities (3 subcategories); 8- communication (3 subcategories); 9- security, safety and locating of safe zones (3 subcategories); 10- underlying disaster risk factors (2 subcategories).

Conclusion
According to the participants of this study, ten categories of factors can affect hospitals’ functional preparedness; hospital managers and decision-makers can consider these factors to ensure the proper provision of medical services during disasters.
Skin histopathological responses of Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) to transportation in water with and without salt
Authors: Hana Heba Naeim Sadek , El-Lateif Rasha S. A. Abd , El-Galil Mohamed Abd El Aziz Ahmed Abd , Mousa Mohamed Abd Allah , Ali Fatma Abo Zakaib 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) is a well-known economic fish species that can thrive under the right environmental circumstances. The transport of live fish, either for food or as companion animals, presents a big issue for animal welfare at the same time it is considered one of stressful conditions. Hence, the present study investigated the skin histopathological responses of O. niloticus that were attributed to stress and salt addition during transportation. Three experimental groups of O. niloticus the 1st is the control non-transported group (CG), the 2nd is transport in water without salt (PT-S) and the 3rd is transport in water containing 5gL− 1salt (PT + S), the last 2 groups were transported in 5 h transport model. Results indicate that the skin of PT-S fish showed a marked decrease in epidermal thickness, decreased number of goblet cells, and an increase in the sub-epidermal and dermal pigments with the presence of large edematous vacuoles. Fish skin from PT + S demonstrated mild hydropic swelling in epidermal cells with normal goblet (mucous) cells density, and more or less normal melanin pigment distribution in sub epidermis and on the dermis layers, however, dermis showed mild edematous spaces. Scanning microscopy of PT-S skin tissue showed few scratched white patches among normal regions that may represent a thickened surface with the decreased number of goblets cell opening, while the PT + S group showed moderate preservation of surface skin architectures with the presence of goblet (mucous) cells opening in spite of presence of slight thickened white patches. The estimated total lesion changes present in PT-S group showed a significant increase (P < 0.001) compared with the control (CG) group. On the other hand, PT + S showed significant (P < 0.001) improvement in the overall previously recorded changes compared with the PT-S group, and a non- significant change in the histological architectures compared with the control group. Our findings underlined the importance of skin and its mucous cover health during transportation. The use 5 gL− 1salt during O. niloticus transportation appears to preserve the surface skin features, and keep the goblet (mucous) cells open to the external surface, and may act as a deterrent for the release of mucus from goblet (mucous) cells in response to stress and lessen the stress of transportation.
Co-transfer of IncFII/IncFIB and IncFII plasmids mediated by IS26 facilitates the transmission of mcr-8.1 and tmexCD1-toprJ1
Authors: Wang Qian , Zhang Meng , Liu Yue , Li Jinmei , Chen Ran , Wang Yueling , Jin Yan , Bai Yuanyuan , Song Zhen , Lu Xinglun , Wang Changyin , Hao Yingying 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to characterise the whole-genome structure of two clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae strains co-harbouring mcr-8.1 and tmexCD1-toprJ1, both resistant to colistin and tigecycline.

Methods
K. pneumoniae strains TGC-02 (ST656) and TGC-05 (ST273) were isolated from urine samples of different patients hospitalised at separate times in 2021. Characterisation involved antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), conjugation assays, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and bioinformatics analysis. Comparative genomic analysis was conducted on mcr-8.1-carrying and tmexCD1-toprJ1-carrying plasmids.

Results
Both K. pneumoniae isolates displayed a multidrug-resistant phenotype, exhibiting resistance or reduced susceptibility to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefazolin, aztreonam, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, apramycin, tigecycline and colistin. WGS analysis revealed that clinical strain TGC-02 carried the TmexCD1-toprJ1 gene on a 200-Kb IncFII/IncFIB-type plasmid, while mcr-8 was situated on a 146-Kb IncFII-type plasmid. In clinical strain TGC-05, TmexCD1-toprJ1 was found on a 300-Kb IncFIB/IncHI1B/IncR-type plasmid, and mcr-8 was identified on a 137-Kb IncFII/IncFIA-type plasmid. Conjugation experiments assessed the transferability of these plasmids. While transconjugants were not obtained for TGC-05 despite multiple screening with tigecycline or colistin, pTGC-02-tmex and pTGC-02-mcr8 from clinical K. pneumoniae TGC-02 demonstrated self-transferability through conjugation. Notably, the rearrangement of pTGC-02-tmex and pTGC-02-mcr8 via IS26-based homologous recombination was observed. Moreover, the conjugative and fusion plasmids of the transconjugant co-harboured the tmexCD1-toprJ1 gene cluster and mcr-8.1, potentially resulting from IS26-based homologous recombination.

Conclusion
The emergence of colistin- and tigecycline-resistant K. pneumoniae strains is concerning, and effective surveillance measures should be implemented to prevent further dissemination.