bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociology
Authors: Sawyer R Keith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
No partial intelligence can so separate itself from the general mass as not to be essentially carried on with it.... The most profound thinker will therefore never forget that all men must be regarded as coadjutors in discovering truth. —Auguste Comte, Positivism (1842/1854, vol. 2, p. 522) Art is the social within us, and even if its action is performed by a single individual, it does not mean that its essence is individual. —Lev Vygotsky, The Psychology of Art (1971, p. 249) The great problems are handed on from generation to generation, the individual acting not primarily as an individual but as a member of the human group —Max Wertheimer (1945, p. 123n26) Another late night in another smoke-filled Chicago jazz club. It was 2 am and pianist Howie Becker was having trouble staying awake during the chord changes. Part of the problem was that it was a Monday night, and as all jazz musicians know, Monday is the night for an open jam session, when musicians from many bands come together in a single club and take turns on the bandstand. An open jam starts with a house band—piano, bass, and drums—that provides the musical backdrop for a rotating series of visiting saxophone and trumpet players. And on this Monday night, Becker’s band was the house band, and the club was filled with horn players—some of them professionals from other local bands, but others aspiring beginners who frankly didn’t deserve to be sharing the same stage. Yet, the egalitarian ethos of an open jazz jam required that they be given the same opportunity as everyone else.
An Integrated View of Girls’ and Women’s Health: Psychology, Physiology, and Society
Authors: Goddheart Carol. D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Girls and women in developed nations have more opportunities than at any previous time in history, yet they continue to be pressed by internal and external forces that affect their well-being. Their sex is biologically determined, but their gender and status are socially and culturally defined. And there is the rub. It is surprising how many inequities remain for them in this new century and how many of their compelling strengths and capacities for resilience are over-looked. The consequences of persistent gender disparities lead to a profound and differential impact on health and well-being. This book celebrates and illuminates women’s health, and it underlines the disparities that prevent their strengths from being fully actualized.
Serious Emotional Disturbance and Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Marsh Diane T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health (2002) reported that approximately 5–9% of children and adolescents in the United States have a serious emotional disturbance (SED) that significantly undermines their daily functioning in home, school, or community. The SED term encompasses certain diagnostic categories, including autism spectrum dis-order, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, other severe anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. The commission also reported that, in a given year, about 5–7% of adults have a serious mental illness (SMI). The SMI term has traditionally been defined in terms of diagnosis, duration, and disability. Specifically, the term refers to mental disorders that carry certain diagnoses, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression; that are relatively persistent; and that result in comparatively severe impairment in major areas of functioning, such as vocational capacity or social relationships.
Physical or Systemic Disabilities
Authors: Olkin Rhoda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It has taken a while for attention to be paid to the intersection of disability and other personal characteristics, including gender. A focus on girls and women with disabilities immediately raises two questions. Do girls and women with disabilities differ from boys and men with disabilities? And do girls and women with disabilities differ from girls and women without disabilities? The answer, in a word, is yes. The issue for this chapter is not if, but how. “How does disability affect the gendering process? How does it affect the experience of gender? . . . In what ways are the experiences of women and men with disabilities similar and different?” (Gerrschick, 2000, p. 1263).
Love, Intimacy, and Partners
Authors: Hendrick Susan S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The need for connection, the pull toward intimacy, the awareness of “belonging” to or with one or more other people, is a cornerstone of what it means to be human. Baumeister and Leary (1995) proposed that “human beings have a pervasive drive to form and maintain at least a minimum quantity of lasting, positive, and significant interpersonal relationships” (p. 497) that involve frequent and pleasant interactions that are also stable, ongoing, and reciprocally supportive. Although this “belongingness hypothesis” applies to both women and men, women particularly manifest a desire for and an ability to achieve and sustain connection. At least within certain parameters, the establishment of positive connections/social bonds should be related to positive emotional and physical outcomes, and the loss of such bonds related to negative outcomes of various kinds (Baumeister & Leary, 1995). Presumably, that is why love and intimacy are so rewarding, and breakup, divorce, and loss are so punishing.
Adaptation of Immigrant Girls and Women
Authors: Vasquez Melba J T , han, ay ling , fuentes cynthia de las 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Immigrant and refugee girls’ and women’s psychological health and well-being in the United States may best be understood by incorporating their realities prior to immigration, their reasons for immigration, and their adaptation to living in the United States. For many, their collectivistic ethnic origins and heritages, as well as the sociopolitical and economic realities in their countries of origin, give them little preparation to deal with the postmigration individualistic context of living in the United States. What might generally be normative challenges and tasks across the life span may be monumental for these populations because of conflicting traditional and American cultural expectations and values of what is considered developmentally desirable, optimal, and acceptable.
What Is Continuity of Care?
Authors: Alstott Anne L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Joe and Jeannie Allen had very different attitudes toward their son Joshua’s disability. Joshua was born deaf. Joe, Joshua’s biological father, had a difficult time dealing with his son’s condition and tended to take a passive, even fatalistic, outlook. Jeannie, Joshua’s stepmother, took a more active approach. She learned sign language, helped teach Joshua how to sign, and insisted that her other children learn to sign, too, so that Joshua could participate in family conversations. Jeannie fought for, and won, a special one-on-one tutoring program at school. She believed that Joshua had unlimited potential.
South Col
Authors: Hillary Sir Edmund 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I Was Running For my life! Leaping from ice-block to ice-block and frantically jumping crevasse after crevasse, I sought to escape from the monstrous pile of ice that was crashing down behind me. But dodge as I could it was getting closer and closer . . . Suddenly a gigantic crevasse loomed in front of me – I was trapped! In desperation I looked around at the grinding ice surging towards me . . .
I awoke to strangely mixed feelings of discomfort and anticipation. My air-mattress had deflated during the night and my hip was resting on the inhospitable ice. Reluctantly, to escape a rather too realistic dream, I opened my eyes and looked around the familiar surroundings of Camp IV. Our large tent presented a depressing scene in the early morning light. Scattered around the icy floor were the silent, sleeping bodies of my companions, all hidden in the depths of their sleeping-bags. A chaotic mass of oxygen apparatus, rucksacks, spare clothing, ropes, pitons, crampons, and ice-axes cluttered up the remaining room. With a feeling of uneasy distaste, I closed my eyes again. It was just another morning at Camp IV! Life at over 21,000 feet didn’t leave you feeling too full of joy and happiness.
Adventure’s End
Authors: Hillary Sir Edmund 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It Was 11.30 A.M. My first sensation was one of relief – relief that the long grind was over; that the summit had been reached before our oxygen supplies had dropped to a critical level; and relief that in the end the mountain had been kind to us in having a pleasantly rounded cone for its summit instead of a fearsome and unapproachable cornice. But mixed with the relief was a vague sense of astonishment that I should have been the lucky one to attain the ambition of so many brave and determined climbers. It seemed difficult at first to grasp that we’d got there. I was too tired and too conscious of the long way down to safety really to feel any great elation. But as the fact of our success thrust itself more clearly into my mind, I felt a quiet glow of satisfaction spread through my body – a satisfaction less vociferous but more powerful than I had ever felt on a mountain top before. I turned and looked at Tenzing. Even beneath his oxygen mask and the icicles hanging from his hair, I could see his infectious grin of sheer delight. I held out my hand, and in silence we shook in good Anglo-Saxon fashion. But this was not enough for Tenzing, and impulsively he threw his arm around my shoulders and we thumped each other on the back in mutual congratulations.
Evolutionary Epigenetics
Authors: Jablon Eva , Lamb Ka Marion J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Until recently, the Modern Synthesis of evolution forged in the 1930s and 1940s was the almost unquestioned basis of evolutionary thinking. At its core were two assumptions about variation. The first was that inherited differences between individuals are the result of genetic differences. The second was that the generation of new genetic variation is blind to function: variations do not arise as adaptive responses to environmental conditions. Ernst Mayr, one of the founders of the Synthesis, insisted repeatedly that inheritance is not “soft”-the hereditary material cannot be modified by environmental influences on the body, nor can it be changed by the use and disuse of body-parts (e.g., see Mayr 1982, p. 552). Lamarckism was totally rejected. Molecular genetics at first hardened the assumption that the only variation that is relevant for evolutionary change is genetic variation. Evolution was seen in terms of changes in DNA, with new variants arising through chance alterations in DNA sequences. However, developments that began in the mid-1970s have led some evolutionary biologists to question the adequacy of this view of hereditary variation. They recognize that heredity involves more than genes and DNA. Studies of human and animal cultures have shown that variations can be transmitted behaviorally and culturally, and cell biologists have shown that genetically identical cells can transmit different structural and functional properties to their descendants. In other words, sometimes variations in phenotypes, as well as genotypes, are inherited. Moreover, since the generation of both cellular and cultural phenotypes is strongly.
Evolutionary Conservation Genetics
Authors: Frankham Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The biodiversity of the planet is being rapidly depleted as a direct and indirect consequence of human actions (referred to as the “sixth extinction”; Leakey & Lewin 1995). An unknown but large number of species are already extinct, while many others have reduced population sizes that put them at risk. Many species now require benign human intervention to improve their management and ensure their survival.
Evolving Conceptions of Psychobiography and the Study of Lives: Encounters With Psychoanalysis, Personality Psychology, and Historical Science
Authors: Runyan William McKinley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This question is more complex than it first appears. How to conceptualize the study of lives? How do we conceptualize the discipline of psychology? And how are we to conceptualize their evolving relationships? Much is at stake in the answer, with implications for what psychology might become. People bet their careers and their working lives on different answers to such questions. This chapter attempts to tell a different story about psychobiography and the study of lives in relation to the discipline of psychology. It is not a traditional “rise of natural science “ story, in which case studies are seen as being replaced by more rigorous quantitative and experimental methods. It is, instead, a story which respects the virtues of historical, interpretive, and narrative methods, as well as of quantitative and experimental methods.
How to Strike Psychological Pay Dirt in Biographical Data
Authors: Schultz William Todd 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Choosing a subject to think and write about is the first step in any psychobiography. At some point a person, for an untold surplus of reasons partly conscious yet usually mostly unconscious, starts waving at you, calling out from a distance. Come see about me! Sometimes you stop to wonder, Why this individual particularly? Or you wonder why later, after finishing your work, especially in cases when this individual seems to have a lot in common with other individuals who have waved and called in similar fashion before. Perhaps a certain type of person fascinates you uniquely, pulls on you in ways difficult to resist. Maybe the people you write about resemble you. Maybe you write about those you detest, with the aim (unconscious) of justifying your enmity. Maybe you write about people you admire, in possession of talents you wish you possessed. Whatever the case, this “why “ question is worth mulling over. It may even constitute a place to start, or at least somewhere to sojourn as the process of research unfolds. As I discuss in my chapter on Diane Arbus (see Schultz, chap. 8 this vol.), it sometimes happens that the “why “ factor interferes with “whats “ and other “whys. “ Our own needs can get in the way, that is, leaving us dangerously cock-eyed. So be watchful. The doing of psychobiography occasionally careens into autobiography. And when that happens, as it did to Freud in his work on Leonardo, even the most elegantly assembled edifice goes up in smoke. Elms ‘s (1994) advice works well as a general principle: best to select a subject for whom your feelings are neither strongly negative nor strongly positive. It ‘s not possible to feel nothing.
Divide and Multiply: Comparative Theory and Methodology in Multiple Case Psychobiography
Authors: Isaacson Kate 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since the inception of psychobiography as a method for studying lives (Freud, 1910/1957), the field has primarily focused on in-depth empirical analyses of the single case. Over the course of the last century, analytical approaches and methods have grown more complex, taking into account an ever-increasing set of variables, including context, the environment, and close relationships. The field has begun to move away from exclusive analysis of the single case and is now, with more frequency than ever before, focusing on both interactions between people and comparisons among small groups of people. Several psychobiographers have already adopted the analysis of multiple subjects as an appropriate tack for their studies (e.g., Schultz, chap. 3 this vol.). As the field of psychology in general focuses more on close relationships (e.g., at-tachment theory) and interaction schemas (e.g., Baldwin, 1995), psychobiographers will likely be rewarded with even more sophisticated theoretical tools with which to undertake multiple case comparative psychobiographical research.
Diane Arbus’s Photographic Autobiography: Theory and Method Revisited
Authors: Schultz William Todd 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is not my childhood that I seek, but the childhood of my art. As much as to say, Mommy, where do images come from? Howard Nemerov, Journal of the Fictive Life All this making of the eye which will see in the light is carried out in the dark. It is a preparing in darkness for use in light. Howard Nemerov, quoting Charles Sherrington, in Journal of the Fictive Life This chapter is an ambitious one for the reason that I want to try doing two things simultaneously—without, I hope, short-changing either aim. My focus is the life and art of photographer Diane Arbus, best known for her pictures of subjects she often referred to, without malice, as “freaks, “ and for her suicide in 1971, in the wake of a series of decidedly eerie photographs taken at homes for the mentally retarded, many of these on Halloween. I want to use her case as a way of illustrating the doing of psychobiography from the ground up, from inception to conception to completion (not that any psychobiography ever reaches closure). What is typically subtextual will be made explicit here, the intention being to share process-related, tactical decisions regarding, among other things, where to begin in the study of a life, how to prioritize biographical data, and choice of theory. At the same time I present interpretations of Arbus ‘s life and work that came to light in the course of a psychobiography seminar I taught in spring of 2002. What emerges is a hybrid enterprise: part method primer, largely generalizable to other analyses of artists (though photography is in many respects unique as an art form), and part speculative interpretation geared at unearthing the subjective origins of a deeply mysterious and maybe even unusually personal body of artistic work. Arbus makes for a daunting study. The very nature of her art presents complications.
Twelve Ways to Say “Lonesome”: Assessing Error and Control in the Music of Elvis Presley
Authors: Elms Alan C , Heller Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the current edition of the Oxford English Dictionary (2002), twenty-two usage citations include the name of Elvis Presley. The two earliest citations, from 1956, show the terms “rock and roll “ and “rockin ‘ “ in context. A more recent citation, from a 1981 issue of the British magazine The Listener, demonstrates the usage of the word “docudrama “: “In the excellent docudrama film, This Is Elvis, there is a painful sequence . . . where Elvis . . . attempts to sing ‘Are You Lonesome Tonight? ‘ “ (The ellipses arethe OED ‘s.) This Is Elvis warrants the term “docudrama “ because it uses professional actors to re-enact scenes from Elvis ‘s childhood and prefame youth. But most of the film is straight documentary. The “painful sequence “ cited by The Listener and the OED is an actual concert performance, occurring late in the film and in Elvis ‘s life. It remains painful to watch: Elvis, his face puffy and wet with sweat or tears or both, his elaborate jumpsuit bulging at the seams, struggles with one of his most popular songs. He repeatedly forgets words and whole lines of the lyrics, replacing them with crudely self-abnegating jokes.
Hunting the Snark: Methodological Considerations in Studying Elusive Politicians
Authors: Song Anna V 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
North Korean dictator Kim Jong-Il or, as he has titled himself, “Dear Leader, “ presents an interesting puzzle to outside observers. As his people starve to death, he entertains Russian dignitaries with opulent train rides full of helicopter delivered lobsters, cognac, and women. While many parents are forced to leave their children at orphanages lest they die of exposure, Kim showers his children with toys and electronics— even his illegitimate son was given a 1,000 square foot room filled with toys and slot machines. As the technological and economic gap between North Korea and the world widens, Kim is funneling all incoming resources to his military and his newly regenerated nuclear program. It is not as if Kim is oblivious to the state of his country. On the contrary, he has used his nation ‘s desperate situation as a leveraging tool for more humanitarian aid from the international community.
Mycobacteriophages
Authors: Hatfull Graham F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The interest in these phages derives in large part from the medical significance and biological idiosyncrasies of their hosts. Mycobacteria are acid-fast staining bacteria with characteristic waxy cell walls that can be readily divided into two groups based on their growth rate: slow-growers such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis that have a doubling time of 24 hours and fast-growers such as Mycobacterium smegmatis with 3^4 hour doubling times (for reviews see 8, 32) Several mycobacterial species are important human and animal pathogens, with the most notorious being M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agents of tuberculosis and leprosy, respectively (8). The extent of these diseases is alarming-M. tuberculosis is the leading cause of human mortality from a single infectious disease and the increased prevalence of multiple drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains greatly complicates its treatment. A study of the mycobacteriophages offers potential for the development of novel methodologies for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of these diseases as well as revealing interesting biological features of their unusual bacterial hosts (30, 32, 33).
Phage in Display
Authors: Lindqvist Bjorn H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Phage display is a process by which a peptide or a protein is expressed as an exterior fusion to a surface protein of a phage particle. The peptide or protein sequence can be deduced from its encoding DNA sequence that resides in the phage particle or in a transductant. Amplification of the DNA of interest can take place by phage/transductant propagation or by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By producing large populations of phage particles, each expressing a unique peptide or protein, peptide/protein libraries can be obtained. Peptides or proteins, interacting with defined molecular targets - most often proteins - can be isolated from such libraries by enrichment through repeated cycles of panning. Hence, phage display can be thought of as a ‘‘search engine’’ of protein^target interactions.
Emotion Elicitation Using Films
Authors: Rottenberg Jonathan , Ray Rebecca D , Gross James J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Research on emotion has undergone explosive growth during the past few decades, marked by new theories (e.g., evolutionary analyses; Tooby & Cosmides, 1990), methods (e.g., anatomically based systems for coding facial expressive behavior; see chapter 13, this volume), and findings (see Cacioppo & Gardner, 1999). Some of the research in this area has been correlational, focusing on factors that naturally covary with emotional processes, such as chronological age, physical health, or social status. However, experimental research also has flourished, focusing on emotional processes in the context of relatively well-controlled laboratory environments. Our chapter on the use of emotion-eliciting films, like many of the contributions to the Handbook of Emotion Elicitation and Assessment, lies squarely within this second, experimental tradition.