bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-intensity aerobic exercise training attenuates airway inflammation and remodeling in a rat model of steroid-resistant asthma
Authors: Qingwu Qin , Xi Chen , Juntao Feng , Ling Qin , Chengping Hu 
Published: January 2024

Background
Aerobic exercise can improve symptoms, reduce airway inflammation, and even ameliorate airway remodeling in asthmatic animals and patients. However, previous studies have focused mainly on the effect of aerobic exercise on steroid-sensitive asthma (SSA). The goals of this study were to determine the effect of low-intensity aerobic exercise training on airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in a rat model of steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) and to identify the potential mechanisms underlying these effects.

Methods
Endotoxin-free ovalbumin with or without lipopolysaccharide were applied to establish rat models of SRA and SSA, respectively. Airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, remodeling, expression of interleukin (IL)-25, IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and IL-17 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the role of dexamethasone (DXM) were compared between these two asthmatic rat models. The effect of low-intensity aerobic exercise training and anti-HMGB1 treatment on airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in SRA rats also was evaluated.

Results
SRA rats developed neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation ((29.5±4.1)% of the total cell numbers in BALF), whereas SSA rats developed eosinophil-dominated airway inflammation ((24.0±6.1)% of the total cell numbers in BALF). Compared with SSA rats, SRA rats had more severe airway hyperresponsiveness, lower levels of IL-25 ((33.6±10.3) vs. (104.8±24.9) pg/ml), IL-33 ((87.5±25.0) vs. (226.6±40.7) pg/ml), and TSLP ((1 933.2±899.5) vs. (7 224.0±992.1) pg/ml), and higher levels of HMGB1 ((21.2±4.5) vs. (5.4±1.6) ng/ml) and IL-17 ((780.5±261.7) vs. (291.4±76.4) pg/ml) in BALF (all P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial collagen thickness, and airway smooth muscle remodeling between the two groups. Compared with control SSA rats, airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in SRA rats were less sensitive to DXM treatment. Anti-HMGB1 treatment attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in SRA rats to a certain extent and was accompanied by lower levels of IL-17 ((369.2±126.7) vs. (780.5±261.7) pg/ml in control SRA rats) in BALF (P <0.05). Low-intensity aerobic exercise training decreased the expression of both HMGB1 ((14.1±2.9) vs. (21.2±4.5) ng/ml in control SRA rats) and IL-17 ((545.3±148.6) vs. (780.5±261.7) pg/ml in control SRA rats) in BALF (all P <0.05) and was accompanied by improved airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in SRA rats (all P <0.05).

Conclusions
Low-intensity aerobic exercise training attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in a rat model of SRA. Decreased HMGB1 and IL-17 levels in BALF by aerobic exercise training at least partly contributed to the improvements of SRA.
Gastrodin prevents steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rats by anti-apoptosis
Authors: Zheng Huifeng , Yang Erping , Peng Hao , Li Jianping , Chen Sen , Zhou Jianlin , Fang Hongsong , Qiu Bo , Wang Zhe 
Published: January 2024

Background
Gastrodin, as one of the major components extracted from the Chinese herb Gastrodia elata Bl., has many biologic effects, one of which is anti-apoptosis. Apoptosis is considered to be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Therefore, we performed this study to investigate whether gastrodin has the potential to prevent steroid-induced ONFH.

Methods
All 18 male adult Wistar rats were divided equally into three groups: the steroid group, the gastrodin+steroid group, and the control group. Osteonecrosis was induced by low-dose lipopolysaccharide and subsequent high-dose methylprednisolone. Histomorphometric method was used to determine the incidence of osteonecrosis. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay was performed to detect apoptotic index of osteocytes and osteoblasts. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3. Fisher's exact probability test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Turkey's post hoc test were used to examine significant differences between groups.

Results
The incidence of osteonecrosis in the gastrodin+steroid group (16.7%) was significantly lower than that in the steroid group (83.3%). According to TUNEL assay, the apoptotic indices in the steroid group, the gastrodin+steroid group, and the control group were 91.1%, 27.1%, and 5.4%, respectively, and the differences were significant between groups. Compared with the control group and the gastrodin+steroid group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly higher in the steroid group, but the Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly lower.

Conclusion
Gastrodin could prevent steroid-induced ONFH by anti-apoptosis.
Comparative biomechanical study of reversed less invasive stabilization system and proximal femoral nail antirotation for unstable intertrochanteric fractures
Authors: Chen Ying , Liu Shouyao , Lin Peng , Wang Yunting , Wang Jinhui , Tao Jianfeng , Cai Rongrong 
Published: January 2024

Objective
Unstable intertrochanteric fractures (ITFs) are mostly treated by proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA), Inter-Tan, Asian Hip, and other new internal fixation devices. But for complex unstable fractures, such as crushed lateral wall of the greater trochanter, the loss of fixation point on lateral wall slightly reduces the fixing effect. This study aimed to compare the biomechanical strengths between reversed less invasive stabilization system (LISS) and PFNA for treatment of unstable ITFs.

Methods
Forty synthetic femurs were used to simulate unstable ITFs in vitro and were fixed using the reversed LISS or PFNA. These fractures were divided into two groups depending on whether the lateral wall of the greater trochanter is intact or not (AO classification: 31-A2.3 and 31-A3.3, respectively). The load-displacement of femur, stiffness, ultimate load, and cyclic fatigue resistance were detected using an incremental load test and a dynamic fatigue test through an MTS 858 test system.

Results
For both 31-A2.3 and 31-A3.3, the vertical sinking displacement (VSD) of the femoral head under 500 N load was insignificantly smaller after treatment with reversed LISS than with PFNA, and when the displacement was 5 mm, the femoral head bore insignificantly greater load. The fixation with reversed LISS resulted in greater axial stiffness of the femur but smaller ultimate load. During the same cycle in the dynamic fatigue test, the VSD was insignificantly smaller with the fixation of reversed LISS.

Conclusion
Reversed LISS and PFNA have similar biomechanical strength for unstable ITFs. This conclusion should be supported by additional large-size research on basic biomechanics and clinical application. This is the first comparative biomechanical study comparing reversed LISS and PFNA for unstable ITFs.
Surgical treatment of 21 patients with spinal metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Jiang Liang , Ouyang Hanqiang , Liu Xiaoguang , Wei Feng , Wu Fengliang , Dang Lei , Liu Zhongjun 
Published: January 2024

Background
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is a common primary cancer for spinal metastases (SM). The treatments for DTC spinal metastases (SM) have evolved from simple surgery and radiotherapy to a multidisciplinary comprehensive therapeutic strategy of combined spinal surgery, general surgery, radiotherapy, nuclear medicine and endocrinology. The purpose of this study was to discuss the efficacy and prognosis associated with different surgical treatments of SM patients with DTC.

Methods
A total of 21 consecutive patients with SM of DTC that were treated between 1999 and 2013 were studied. Biopsy was routinely performed to achieve the pathological diagnosis before treatment. Three patients underwent total spondylectomy intralesionally or piecemeally, and 18 had curettage. Postoperative recurrence and survival times were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier methods.

Results
Nineteen patients (90%) had an average of 42.7 months (range, 7-170 months) follow-up. The median visual analogue scale for pain reduced from 5 points to 1 point (P <0.01), and the median Karnofsky performance score increased from 70 to 90 points after surgery (P <0.01). Seventeen patients with neurological deficits attained improvements after surgeries, of at least one level according to the Frankel classification (P <0.01). Eight patients with curettage had recurrence. Four patients died of DTC, 12 patients lived with disease, and three patients were disease-free. No significant effects on postoperative recurrence or survival were observed between surgery combined with conservative treatment, total spondylectomy, the number of bone metastases and visceral metastasis.

Conclusions
DTC-SM have a relatively favorable prognosis, and curettage and stabilization can effectively relieve the pain and improve the quality of life and neurological status of the patients. For patients with Tomita scores of ≤3, total spondylectomy may have better clinical outcomes. Comprehensive therapeutic strategies including surgery, radioiodine, external beam radiation therapy and embolization should be considered for most patients.
Allergic diseases, immunoglobulin E, and autoimmune pancreatitis: a retrospective study of 22 patients
Authors: Zhang Li , Guo Limei , Huang Yonghui , Wang Tianli , Shi Xueying , Chang Hong , Yao Wei , Huang Xuebiao 
Published: January 2024

Background
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of pancreas. We evaluated the clinical manifestations, imaging, and histological presentations of AIP in Chinese patients, and investigated the roles of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergic diseases in the diagnosis and pathogenesis of AIP.

Methods
The clinical records of 22 patients diagnosed with AIP were reviewed and analyzed. All patients with AIP fulfilled the 2006 revised diagnostic criteria proposed by Japan Pancreas Society or the Korean Criteria for AIP.

Results
Half (11/22) of AIP patients had allergic diseases. Twenty-one patients had elevated serum IgE levels, and 14 patients had IgE levels more than 3 times that of normal. There were no significant differences between the patients with higher or lower IgE, with or without allergic disease, in clinical features, laboratory tests, diffuse or focal lesions, or the choice of treatment methods; however, more complaints of body weight loss were observed in patients with higher IgE levels. Patients with higher IgE levels and with allergic diseases were more likely to have onset in March, April, May, August, September, or October. IgE levels decreased after therapy, but increased again during recurrence. Increased number of mast cells was found in the pancreatic tissue in AIP.

Conclusions
IgE maybe a useful marker for monitoring therapeutic response and recurrence of AIP. Allergic processes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AIP.
Adjacent segment disease after anterior cervical decompression and fusion: analysis of risk factors on X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Zhao Yanbin , Sun Yu , Zhou Feifei , Wang Shaobo , Zhang Fengshan , Pan Shengfa 
Published: January 2024

Background
Adjacent segment disease (ASD) is common after cervical fusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for ASD on X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
Patients included in this study had received revision surgeries after developing symptomatic ASD following anterior decompression and fusion. A control group that had not developed ASD was matched 1:1 by follow-up time and fusion segments. Plate-to-disc distances (PDDs), developmental cervical canal stenosis on X-ray, cervical disc degeneration grading, and cervical disc bulge impingements on preoperative MRI were measured and compared between the ASD group and the control group.

Results
Thirty-four patients with complete radiographic data were included in the ASD group. The causative segments of ASD included nine cases of C3–4, 18 cases of C4–5, three cases of C5–6, and four cases of C6–7. The ASD occurred at the upper adjacent segments in 26 patients and at the lower adjacent segments in eight patients. PDD distributions were similar between the ASD group and the control group. Developmental cervical canal stenosis was a risk factor for ASD, with an odd ratio value of 2.88. Preoperative cervical disc degenerations on MRI were similar between the ASD group and the control group. In the upper-level ASD group, the disc bulge impingement was (19.7±9.7)%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group of (11.8±4.8)%.

Conclusions
ASD was more likely to develop above the index level of fusion. Developmental cervical canal stenosis and greater disc bulge impingement may be risk factors for the development of ASD.
Working conditions of bipolar radiofrequency on human articular cartilage repair following thermal injury during arthroscopy
Authors: Huang Yuelong , Zhang Yujun , Ding Xiaoquan , Liu Songyang , Sun Tiezheng 
Published: January 2024

Background
The thermal injury during bipolar radiofrequercy results in chondrocyte death that limits cartilage repair. The purpose was to determine the effects of various factors of bipolar radiofrequency on human articular cartilage after thermal injury, offering suitable working conditions for bipolar radiofrequency during arthroscopy.

Methods
Osteochondral explants from 28 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University Reople's Hospital from October 2013 to May 2014, were harvested and treated using bipolar radiofrequency in a light contact mode under the following conditions: various power setting of levels 2, 4 and 6; different durations of 2 seconds, 5 seconds and 10 seconds; irrigation with fluids of different temperatures of 4°C, 22°C, and 37°C; two different bipolar radiofrequency probes ArthroCare TriStar 50 and Paragon T2. The percentage of cell death and depth of cell death were quantified with laser confocal microscopy. The content of proteoglycan elution at different temperatures was determined by spectrophotometer at 530 nm.

Results
Chondrocyte mortality during the treatment time of 2 seconds and power setting of level 2 was significantly lower than that with long duration or in higher level groups (time: P=0.001; power: P=0.001). The percentage of cell death after thermal injury was gradually reduced by increasing the temperature of the irrigation solutions (P=0.003), the depth of dead chondrocytes in the 37°C solution group was significantly less than those in the 4°C and 22°C groups (P=0.001). The proteoglycan elution was also gradually reduced by increasing the temperature (P=0.004). Compared with the ArthroCare TriStar 50 group, the percentage of cell death in the Paragon T2 group was significantly decreased (P=0.046).

Conclusions
Thermal chondroplasty with bipolar radiofrequency resulted in defined margins of chondrocyte death under controlled conditions. The least cartilage damage during thermal chondroplasty could be achieved with lower power, shorter duration, suitable temperature of irrigation solutions and chondroprotective probes. The recommendations for the use of bipolar radiofrequency to minimize cartilage damage could be achieved with a power setting of level 2, treatment duration of 2 seconds, suitable fluid temperature (closer to body temperature of 37°C) and chondroprotective Paragon T2 probes.
Clinical value of optimized magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of patients with painful hip arthroplasty
Authors: He Chuan , Lu Yong , Jiang Meihua , Feng Jianmin , Wang Yi , Liu Zhihong 
Published: January 2024

Background
The imaging evaluation of pain in patients who have had a hip arthroplasty (HA) is challenging, and traditional imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT), are limited by metallic artifact. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the use of modified MRI techniques to visualize periprosthetic soft tissues and the bone-implant interface, and to evaluate the value of MRI for the assessment of patients with painful hip arthroplasty.

Methods
Fifty-six painful hips in fifty-six patients following primary HA were assessed using optimized MRI, CT and standardized radiographs. The diagnosis of MRI was correlated with intraoperative findings as well as with microbiological and histological examinations (when available). The sensitivity and the specificity of MRI diagnosis were determined according to final diagnosis. The chi-square test was performed to detect a difference between MRI and final diagnosis.

Results
Forty-eight patients have received revision surgery and final diagnosis were established. MRI was demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting aseptic loosening (93% and 95%), periprosthetic infection (94% and 97%), adverse local tissue reaction (100% and 100%) and periprosthetic fracture (100% and 100%). MRI was determined to be the most sensitive technique in detecting implant loosening for any reason, with a sensitivity of 93.8% for acetabular shell and 97.1% for femoral stem, compared to 81.3% and 80.0% on CT, 75.0% and 77.1% on radiographs.

Conclusions
Optimized MRI was effective for the assessment of the periprosthetic soft tissues and bone. The use of modified magnetic resonance imaging parameters provided a useful adjunct to conventional examinations for the evaluation of patients with painful hip arthroplasty.
Falencias Normativas y Principales Desafíos Empresariales del Trabajo a Distancia en Colombia
Authors: Viviel González Jorge Enrique 
Published: January 2024

En Colombia, la pandemia causada por el COVID-19 impulsó la incorporación de alternativas laborales de trabajo a distancia, tales como el trabajo en casa, el trabajo remoto y el teletrabajo; sin embargo, al revisar el marco legal de estas figuras, se pueden identificar algunas falencias o vacíos, sumado al hecho de que las normas no ofrecieron esquemas adecuados de flexibilización de las relaciones laborales que además abrieran la puerta a poder abordar apropiadamente el nomadismo digital. Además, en la práctica, aquellas compañías que han implementado estos modelos han identificado desafíos corporativos que también suponen obstáculos para su correcta adopción. Este artículo propone un análisis del contexto normativo que rodea a los modelos de trabajo a distancia en Colombia, identificando aquellos aspectos que no fueron tenidos en cuenta, seguido de una descripción de los retos corporativos de la puesta en marcha del trabajo a distancia, junto con una interpretación de los resultados derivados de los datos proporcionados por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) y de las encuestas realizadas a empleadores en Colombia. Esto se hace con el fin de evidenciar las numerosas falencias que enfrentan los modelos de trabajo a distancia y su estado actual.
Metal Military Equipment from Tepecik Settlement at Patara
Authors: Şahin Feyzullah 
Published: January 2024

The subject matter of this work is the metal military equipment that was found in the military settlement of Tepecik, situated on a natural rock north of the Patara city center and east of the inner harbor. Construction activities for defense purposes can be traced back to the 6th century B.C. in the settlement. During the excavations conducted in recent years, a garrison was unearthed, that had been built in the middle of the 4th century B.C. and remained in use until the end of the 3rd century B.C. with some architectural transformation.
The metal military equipment comprises a pilum, arrowheads, bolt-heads / spear butts, javelin heads, a catapult trigger mechanism part, sling bullets and a dagger. A limited number of metal military tools are dated to the 6th/5th century B.C. Apart from these, the great majority of the weapons pertain to the period to the middle of the 4th century B.C. and the 3rd century B.C. with a few other examples dating to the 2nd century B.C. All the metal equipment accords well with the history of Patara and strengthens the data on various architectural phases detected in the Tepecik settlement. Furthermore, we can say that certain weapons found among the military equipment stand out as rarely seen specimens: A pilum and a curved dagger which are known to have very few examples in Anatolia. A lead sling bullet inscribed with the names of Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great is the one and only example of this specimen in Anatolia. The trigger claw of a catapult is also of capital importance since it provides evidence for a much-debated mechanism.
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction Have an Impact on Increasing Hotel Room Occupancy Ratio: Literature Review Study
Authors: Candra Primadi , Mahaputra M. Rizky , Mahaputra M. Ridho 
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to provide qualitative evidence related to the variables of this study from sources derived from national and international indexed journals or scientific articles found through Google Scholar. Researchers then make recommendations from their own perspectives. The research method used in this qualitative study uses a mini-review approach to achieve the research objectives. A mini-evaluation of the variables is done by reading and analyzing dozens of peer-reviewed journal articles. Research results, although still minimal and far from perfect, meet expectations and at least contribute to science and knowledge, especially in the areas of marketing management, service quality variables, customer satisfaction, and revenue improvement. I found out that there is. Just as customer satisfaction variables affect hotel room occupancy, service quality also affects hotel room occupancy. Increasing the above variables should always be done within the study population, especially for guests staying directly at the hotel. It should also be done in future research. There are gaps in other variables that could be used for future research, such as price, advertising, location, loyalty and brand image variables.
Decade-long Timing of Four GMRT Discovered Millisecond Pulsars
Authors: Sharma Shyam S. , Roy Jayanta , Bhattacharyya Bhaswati , Levin Lina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The discovery and timing follow up of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are necessary not just for their usefulness in pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) but also for investigating their own intriguing properties. In this work, we provide the findings of the decade-long timing of four MSPs discovered by the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT), including their timing precision, model parameters, and newly detected proper motions. We compare the timing results for these MSPs before and after the GMRT upgrade in 2017 and characterize the improvement in timing precision due to the bandwidth upgrade. We discuss the suitability of these four GMRT MSPs as well as the usefulness of the decade-long timing data for PTA experiments. These data may aid in the global effort to improve the signal-to-noise ratios of recently detected signature of gravitational waves in cross-correlation statistics of residuals of MSPs.