bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ EGZERSİZ VE SPOR KAVRAMLARINA İLİŞKİN METAFORLARI
Authors: ÇAKMAK Gökhan , SARPER KAHVECİ Müge , KARAGÜN Elif 
Published: January 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı sağlık çalışanlarının egzersiz ve spor kavramlarına ilişkin algı ve düşüncelerinin metaforlar aracılığıyla belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda metaforlar yoluyla sağlık çalışanlarının egzersiz ve spora dair algı ve düşüncelerini ortaya koymak için sosyo-demografik özellikleriyle ilgili soruların yanı sıra, katılımcıların spor kavramına dair algı ve düşüncelerini belirlemek için açık uçlu olarak “Egzersiz...benzer çünkü…” ve “Spor…benzer çünkü...” şeklinde boşluk doldurmalı toplam 12 soru Google Formlar üzerinden hazırlanmıştır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme ve kartopu örnekleme kullanılarak yapılan bu araştırmada katılımcıların sağlık çalışanı olması araştırmaya dahil olabilme ölçütü olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma grubunu gönüllü olarak araştırmaya katılan 287 sağlık çalışanı oluşturmuştur.
Araştırma için etik kurul izni alındıktan sonra kartopu örnekleme yöntemiyle toplam 287 sağlık çalışanına ulaşılmıştır. Sağlık çalışanlarının doldurduğu formlar kontrol edilmiş ve ilk etapta geçerli kabul edilen toplam 262 form Microsoft Excel programında kategorize edilmiş, uzman değerlendirmesi yapıldıktan sonra SPSS ortamına aktarılmış, yüzdelik dağılımları alınmış ve tablolaştırılarak yorumlanmıştır.
Araştırma sonucunda sağlık çalışanlarının oluşturduğu metaforlar değerlendirildiğinde spora karşı olumlu düşünceleri ifade eden metaforlar geliştirdikleri görülmüştür.
Community structure and regeneration capacity of mangrove forest
Authors: Demapitan Marylene M. , Salvaña Florence Roy P. , Cano-Mangaoang Cherie 
Published: January 2024

Mangrove forests play a vital role in the environment. They provide a number of ecosystem services for supporting marine biodiversity, humans, and other living organisms inhabiting the area. This study aimed to determine the community structure and regeneration capacity of mangrove forests in Lebak, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines. Community structure was determined through relative density, relative frequency, relative dominance, and importance value. Using the center point circular plot method, 13 plots with 40 m diameter were established in two sampling sites: natural stand and reforested. Shannon-Weiner diversity and evenness indexes were used to determine species diversity and distribution, respectively. This study recorded a total of 14 462 individuals within the 1256 m² sampling plots, having Rhizophoraceae as the most abundant family with seven species that cover about 71% of both mangrove ecosystems. The vegetation analysis revealed that Ceriops tagal (70.35%) and Rhizophora mucronata (96.51%) had the highest importance value in the natural stand and reforested mangrove forests, respectively. Furthermore, these two species were also accounted for having the highest regeneration contribution among all species in each site. Shannon-Weiner diversity index revealed that the natural stand was more diverse compared to the reforested mangrove forest. However, the Shannon-Weiner evenness index showed that species in the reforested mangrove forest are more evenly distributed than species in the natural stand. Natural mangrove stands in Lebak have complex community structure and have higher regeneration capacity than the reforested mangrove forest. With this, the study suggested continuing the best practices employed for mangrove conservation in the area and crafting a strategic plan for sustainable mangrove resource utilization.
Investigating Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere: Evaluating Gravity Wave Spectral Estimation Methods for Sparse Observational Datasets
Authors: Mossad Mohamed , Strelnikova Irina , Wing Robin , Baumgarten Gerd , Gerding Michael , Franco-Diaz Eframir 
Published: January 2024

The accurate estimation of spectral power-law exponents (β) in
atmospheric gravity wave (GW) spectra plays a crucial role in
understanding energy transfer mechanisms within the atmosphere. However,
dealing with observational gaps in atmospheric measurements poses a
significant challenge for obtaining reliable estimations. Using
simulated data of varying complexity, we rigorously evaluate the
performance of these estimation methods and aim to offer valuable
guidance in selecting the most appropriate approach for accurately
determining β from observational datasets with gaps. Our findings are of
paramount importance for researchers, as they can significantly impact
our understanding of energy propagation and dissipation in the
atmosphere.
To further extend the scope and applicability of our investigation, we
have embarked on analyzing lidar measurements of temperatures and winds
in the stratosphere and mesosphere above Kühlungsborn (54°N, 12°E) and
ALOMAR (69°N, 16°E). By estimating the spectral power-law exponents of
atmospheric GWs in these distinct regions, we intend to shed light on
the energy transfer processes occurring during complex atmospheric
dynamics in the vicinity of the polar vortex.
This research aims to bridge the gap between theoretical predictions and
empirical findings in atmospheric science by providing robust
methodologies for accurate spectral estimation, even in the presence of
sparse observational data.
Computed tomography for visible haematuria – a single nephrographic phase is sufficient for detecting renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Galtung Kristina Flor , Lauritzen Peter Mæhre , Sandbæk Gunnar , Bay Dag , Ponzi Erica , Baco Eduard , Cowan Nigel Christopher , Naas Anca Mihaela , Rud Erik 
Published: January 2024

Objectives: No previous studies have compared two computed tomography (CT) protocols in patients presenting with visible haematuria, and most patients undergo a multiphase CT in order to detect upper tract malignancies. We aimed to prospectively compare the diagnostic performance of single- and four-phase CT for detecting renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients with visible haematuria.
Materials & methods: ‘A Prospective Trial for Examining Hematuria using Computed Tomography’ (PROTEHCT) was a single-centre prospective paired diagnostic study in patients referred for CT due to painless visible haematuria between September 2019 and June 2021. All patients underwent four-phase CT (control) from which a single nephrographic phase dual energy CT (experimental) was extracted. Both were independently assessed for RCC by randomised radiologists. Histologically verified RCC defined a positive reference standard. Follow-up ascertainment of RCC diagnosis was completed in May 2022. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the accuracies. Inter-reader agreement was assessed by kappa statistics.
Results: A total of 308 patients (median age, 68 years [interquartile range 53–77, range 18–96], 250 males) were included for analysis. RCC was diagnosed in seven (2.3%) patients during a median follow-up time of 19 months (interquartile range: 15–25). For the control and experimental CT, sensitivity was 100% versus 100%, specificity was 97% versus 98% and accuracy 97% versus 97%. The positive predictive value was 44% versus 50%, and the negative predictive value was 100% versus 100%. The agreement between the control and experimental CT was 98% (k = 0.79).
Conclusion: A single nephrographic phase dual energy CT is sufficient for detecting RCC in patients with visible haematuria.
Analysis of Microwave Absorption Properties of Graphene Oxide from Rice Husk Waste
Authors: Oktafiani Andari , Ramli Ramli , Darvina Yenni , Gusnedi Gusnedi 
Published: January 2024

Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized with variations in carbonization temperatures of 250 °C, 300 °C, and 350 °C using the modified Hummers method. The results of the synthesis of GO will then be tested for microwave absorbing properties because it can be applied in various fields, such as information technology, medical equipment, industry, polymer synthesis, and organic synthesis. Therefore, in this report, GO uses rice husk waste instead of graphite as a carbon source because rice husk waste is abundant in nature and easy to obtain than graphite. In addition to reducing waste in Indonesia, this study aimed to determine the crystal size and GO functional groups and analyze the properties of microwave absorbers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the crystal size. The GO functional groups were determined using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and the microwave absorption characteristics of GO were analyzed using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The XRD results show GO peaks between 26° peaks and 44° peaks. In the FTIR results, there are a collection of GO practices, in particular CO, C = C, and C = O. In the VNA results, the best microwave absorption properties are at an ignition temperature of 350 °C with the lowest reflection value - 39.95 dB, the highest absorption coefficient is 99%, and the absorption bandwidth is 0.06 GHz at a frequency of 8.5 GHz
Determinant Dermatitis Kontak pada Petani Rumput Laut
Authors: Irma  , Wa Ode Nilam Febriyan  , Swaidatul Masluhiya AF  
Published: January 2024

Abstract—Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that 50-90% of cases of skin disease are contact dermatitis. The purpose of this study was to analyze determinants of incidence of contact dermatitis in seaweed farmers in Muna District, Southeast Sulawesi. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study is 526 people who work as seaweed farmers with a total sample of 222 people calculated using the formula n = N Z2 P(1-P)/(N-1)d2 + Z2 P(1-P). Samples were taken by accidental sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Analysis of data used the chi square test with α = 0.05. The results of the analysis showed that a history of skin disease (p = 0.000 <0.05) and personal hygiene (p = 0.000 <0.05).Thus it can be concluded that a history of skin disease and personal hygiene are determinants of the incidence of contact dermatitis in seaweed farmers.
Keywords: contac dermatitis, seaweed famer, determinant

Abstrak—Word Health Organization (WHO) menunjukkan bahwa 50-90% kasus penyakit kulit yang terjadi adalah dermatitis kontak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis determinan kejadian dermatitis kontak pada petani rumput laut yang ada di Kabupaten Muna Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang bekerja sebagai petani rumput sebanyak 526 dengan jumlah sampel 222 orang yang dihitung menggunakan rumus n = N Z2 P(1-P)/(N-1)d2 + Z2 P(1-P). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik accidental sampling. Intrumen pengumpul data penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji chi square dengan α =0,05. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa riwayat penyakit kulit (p=0,000<0,05) dan personal hygiene (p=0,000<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa riwayat penyakit kulit dan personal hygiene merupakan determinan kejadian dermatitis kontak pada petani rumput laut.
Kata kunci: dermatitis kontak, petani rumput laut, determinan
PENDAMPINGAN USAHA KECIL DALAM PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL UNTUK PENINGKATAN PROFIT DAN PRODUKTIVITAS USAHA
Authors: Chaerani Diah , Perdana Tomy , Rusyaman Endang , Gusriani Nurul , Firdaniza F , Balqis Viona P , Irmansyah Athaya Zahrani , Muslihin Khoirunnisa R A , Ghiffari Alif M 
Published: January 2024

Masalah utama yang diselesaikan dalam PPM Internal Unpad 2022 ini adalah bagaimana memberikan pendampingan pada usaha kecil yang ada di masyarakat untuk dapat membuka usaha secara online dan menggunakan internet atau smartphone melalui media social sebagai upaya peningkatan manajemen usaha pada unit usaha yang telah berjalan, khususnya pada masa pandemi Covid-19 ini. Dasar pemikiran merujuk pada kondisi bahwa media sosial telah berevolusi untuk menjadi alternatif cara berkomunikasi dan berbagi informasi serta ketertarikan. Indonesia merupakan negara keempat dengan jumlah pengguna internet terbesar. Pertumbuhan pesat dari sosial media beserta jaringannya terutama di negara-negara berkembang membuka lahan baru untuk adanya kontak antara produsen dan konsumen.Kontak antara produsen dan konsumen inilah yang biasanya dikenal dengan kegiatan berbelanja secara online. Keterkaitan antara penggunaan sosial media dengan kegiatan online shopping sangat erat.Untuk menganalisis data media sosial diperlukan pengetahuan yang dalam mengenai teknologi Internet, media sosial, basis data, struktur data, teori informasi, penambangan data, pembelajaran mesin, sampai kepada teknik visualisasi data dan informasi. Analisis media sosial bertujuan untuk pengembangan dan evaluasi informasi serta mengumpulkan, mengevaluasi, menganalisis, menyimpulkan, dan memvisualisasikan data dari media sosial. Analisis media sosial adalah proses untuk melihat, analisis, mengukur, dan prediksi interaksi digital, relasi, topik, ide-ide atau konten pada media sosial. Selanjutnya dalam rangka mendukung perkembangan perekonomian bangsa, diharapkan pendampingan ini dapat membantu para pelaku usaha kecil dalam bersosial media dalam hal peningkatan profit dan produktivas usaha. Lokasi PPM dipilih Desa Jatimukti yang terletak sekitar 5 KM dari Kampus Unpad Jatinangor.
EDUKASI SADARI DAN PENGENALAN CEMPAKA KUNING (MICHELIA CHAMPACA L.) SEBAGAI ANTIKANKER PAYUDARA ALAMI KEPADA KADER PKK DI DESA BABAKAN CIWARINGIN CIREBON
Authors: Zuhrotun Ade 
Published: January 2024

Kanker payudara merupakan kasus kanker tertinggi di dunia dengan jumlah kasus sebanyak 7,8 Juta selama 5 tahun terakhir. Jumlah penderita kanker di Indonesia juga mengalami peningkatan dari 1,4 per mil (2013) menjadi 1,49 per mil (2018). Dalam mengobati kanker, penduduk di Indonesia menjalani metode operasi/bedah (61,8%), kemoterapi (24,9%), radioterapi (17,3%) dan pengobatan lainnya termasuk pelayanan kesehatan tradisional (Yankestrad) (24,1%). Namun, kesemua pilihan tersebut memiliki efek samping merugikan dan persen kesembuhan yang kecil terutama jika kanker ini lambat terdeteksi. Oleh karena itu, diadakan Kegiatan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat (PPM) terintegrasi dengan program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Mahasiswa berupa edukasi metode deteksi dini kanker payudara yaitu pemeriksaan payudara mandiri (SADARI) serta pengenalan cempaka kuning (Michelia champaca L.) sebagai antikanker payudara alami. Kegiatan PPM-KKN telah dilakukan secara hybrid di Desa Babakan Ciwaringin Cirebon. Pemberian materi SADARI melalui media audio-visual terbukti dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta, Ibu-ibu Kader PKK dan aparat desa, ditandai dengan adanya peningkatan rata-rata skor nilai dari 62,28 poin pada pre-test menjadi 70,37 poin pada post-test. Setelah diberikan materi mengenai tanaman Cempaka Kuning dan khasiatnya sebagai kandidat obat kanker payudara alami, pengetahuan peserta juga bertambah 13,54 poin dari rata-rata nilai pre-test nya, sehingga sekitar 70% peserta mendapatkan poin ≥ 80. Diharapkan masyarakat lebih peduli Kesehatan diri dan keluarganya terutama untuk tujuan pencegahan kanker payudara, sehingga tidak ada lagi warga desa yang meninggal karena penyakit ini.
OPTIMALISASI VAKSINASI COVID-19 DAN KEPATUHAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN DI DESA KARANGPAWITAN, KABUPATEN GARUT, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Herdiansah Ari Ganjar , Arifin Mahfud 
Published: January 2024

Pencapaian vaksinasi dan kepatuhan masyarakat terhadap protokol kesehatan menjadi kunci sukses penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PPM) Universitas Padjadjaran yang dilaksanakan pada November hingga Desember 2021 di Desa Karangpawitan, Kabupaten Garut, bertujuan untuk memfasilitasi aparat desa setempat dalam meningkatkan pencapaian vaksinasi dan kepatuhan warga terhadap protokol kesehatan. Kegiatan PPM dilakukan dalam Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan perangkat desa, petugas kesehatan, relawan, dan tokoh masyarakat. Dalam diskusi tersebut, para peserta menyepakati komitmen untuk menjangkau warga desa yang belum divaksinasi dengan pendekatan persuasif, dengan menggunakan gaya komunikasi yang fleksibel. Para peserta juga menyoroti pentingnya meluruskan hoaks tentang vaksinasi yang masih marak di beberapa warga. Selain itu, disiplin protokol kesehatan juga perlu ditingkatkan dalam mengantisipasi ancaman varian baru Covid-19.
The Causes Of The High Level Of Plagiarism In The Preparation Of Scientific Work In Islamic Education
Authors: Aminah Aminah 
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to identify the causes of the high level of plagiarism in the preparation of scientific papers of Postgraduate Islamic Education students of Pontianak State Islamic Institute. The results of this research can be used as a reference solution to overcome the problem of plagiarism of scientific work in Islamic Education. A qualitative approach with phenomenology type was used in this research. The subjects of this research are the data collected are papers or other written works made during the Strata-2 (S-2) course consisting of, (1) students of the Islamic Education study program of IAIN Pontianak Postgraduate Class XV totaling 4 people, (2) lecturers of the Islamic Education study program of IAIN Pontianak Postgraduate Class XV totaling 4 people, and (3) leaders of the Islamic Education study program of IAIN Pontianak Postgraduate Class XV totaling 2 people. Data collection techniques and instruments used were, (1) interview techniques with semi-structured interview guideline instruments and (2) documentation studies with instruments in the form of documents and photographs. Data analysis was conducted using the Strauss and Corbin model. The results of this study found 5 (five) causes of plagiarism behavior that occurred in assignments in the form of scientific papers, namely, (1) difficulty finding references in writing scientific papers, (2) difficulty processing reading material from references, (3) there is no guidebook for writing scientific papers, (4) leniency in monitoring plagiarism behavior, and (5) less strict sanctions for plagiarism behavior.
Ceramic Bracket Debonding: The Evaluation of Two Debonding Techniques and their Effect on Enamel
Authors: Amditis Constantine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Enamel fractures have been associated with the debonding of some ceramic brackets which have a chemical bond to the enamel. The purpose of this study was to assess the enamel surface subsequent to debonding Transcend * series 2000 * ceramic brackets using two debonding techniques. One hundred extracted human premolars were divided randomly into groups of two and prepared for bonding. Group I teeth had brackets bonded with Transbond* light-cured adhensive and Group 2 teeth had brackets bonded with Unile* chemically-cured adhensive. Bonded teeth were stored in normal saline at 37°C for 5 days and thermocycled. Teeth in both groups were subdivided randomly into Subgroups A and B. Teeth in Subgroup A had brackets debonded with the Transcend debonding instrument while teeth in Subgroup B had brackets debonded with ligature cutters. Each tooth was examined under light microscopy and those teeth suspected of enamel fracture were assessed by scanning electron microscopy.
Three out of the 100 teeth exhibited enamel fracture. There was no difference between the adhesive used and the number of enamel fractures or between the debonding technique used and the number of enamel fractures. A high proportion of brackets debonded with ligature cutters exhibited tie wing fracture.
Treatment Planning by Appliance Selection
Authors: Twelftree Colin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Today, there is a wide variety of orthodontic appliances, each of which has its own particular advantages and disadvantages. Some of these appliances move teeth; others move elements of the skeleton, modify growth of hard tissues or modify functions of soft tissues. The modern orthodontist should sele et the appropriate “blend” of appliances in order to treat the individual problem, rather than follow a particular technique. This article discusses the merits of the various bracket systems that are available and explores how they may be conihined to produce an individual appliance for each patient.
Occlusal Features of Chinese Adults in Hong Kong
Authors: Tang Endarra L.K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The molar relations, overjet and overbite of 201 Hong Kong Chinese adults of mean age 20 years were studied. lt was found that 63.7 per cent had Angle Class I, 16.4 per cent had Class II and 19.9 per cent had Class III molar relations. Of the sample studied, 69. 7 per cent had normal overjets of two to four mm, 14.9 per cent had increased overjets and 15.4 per cent had reduced or reversed overjets. The most prevalent overhite was zero to one-third of the mandihular central incisor crown length (63.2 per cent of the sample); 31.3 per cent had overhites of one to two thirds of mandihular central incisor crown length; four per cent had overhites of more than two thirds of mandihular incisor crown length; and 1.5 per cent only had open hites.
An Evaluation of the J.O.E Cephalometric Software
Authors: Dreyer Craig W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
JOE is a computerised cephalometric programme produced and promoted by Rocky Mountain Orthodontics. It is simple to use and prints a static cephalometric case description for diagnostic purposes. Although not greatly endowed with features, it provides a relatively painless and cost effective introduction to computerised cephalometrics.
A Mathematical Study of Anterior Dental Relations: Part II, Incisor and Canine Overjet
Authors: Cordato Mark A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA mathematical model of anterior inter-arch relations was described in a previous article.1This model is modified and manipulated and, using hypothetical dental measurements, results are generated and presented. The present work continues the two-dimensional examination of anterior dental relations in the first article, the emphasis remaining on incisor and cauine overjet.Other authors have started by observing ideal occlusions, then have worked backwards to gain ratios of preferred maxillary to mandibular teeth widths; this restricts their studies to Class I occlusions with complete anterior dentitions and similar anterior form of both arches. This paper has no premise of normal or initial ratios. Incorporation of multiple factors allows forming and testing of hypotheses of anterior dental relations. Many factors influence anterior dental relations in varying degrees. Some dental measurement changes examined here are: the sum of teeth widths in each arch; spacing; crowding; angle of the arc of each arch and the antero-posterior buccal relation. Summary tables are presented to aid the prediction of the direction of inter-arch response to change in a dental measurement. Some inferences are discussed and are presented as a series of principles considered valid for this model. The principles may warrant testing with other arch form models.
Application of a Case-Based Expert System to Orthodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Hammond Roland M.S. , Freer Terrence J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Computer expert systems are being utilised increasingly in medical fields to assist diagnosis and treatment planning. Traditional rule-based expert systems have some limitations when applied to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. These limitations may be avoided by using a case-based system which is a particular type of expert system that uses a stored data bank of previously-treated cases to provide the knowledge for solving new treatment problems. This article reviews the use of expert systems for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, outlines the rationale, processes and advantages of case-based systems, and gives examples of the application of this technology in medical fields.