bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geospatial Mapping of Malaria in the Lowland Forest Ecological Zone of Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ayodele Ijaware Victor 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study analyzed the spatial and temporal patterns of malaria occurrence in Ondo state, Nigeria, and to identify the major factors influencing the disease transmission and control.
Methodology: The research collects primary data from questionnaires administered to hospital staff and workers in areas with high malaria cases while secondary data were sourced from the State’s ministry of health malaria cases gazette. The data was sorted, processed, and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and ArcGIS 10.2 software to produce maps and graphs showing the malaria occurrence and trends in the study area.
Findings: The study analyzed the malaria occurrence and trends in Ondo State, Nigeria, from 2011 to 2018, using questionnaires and secondary data. The result revealed that mosquito, blood group, poverty, and communicability were significant factors for malaria incidence (p < 0.001), while seasonality, time of day, and immunity status were non-significant (p > 0.05). Result shows that malaria could be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth (p=0.008), but mortality was non-significant in the three Local Government Areas (LGAs) studied (p = 0.166). In addition, malaria cases and attack rate declined significantly from 2015 to 2018, due to the improved health facilities and preventive measures implemented by the State government and health authorities
Unique contributor to theory, policy and practice: The study contributes to the existing knowledge and literature on malaria epidemiology and control in Nigeria, by providing a comprehensive and updated spatial and temporal analysis of the disease occurrence and factors in Ondo state. The study also provides useful recommendations for the state ministry of health and government to conduct further studies and develop strategies to interrupt malaria transmission in low susceptible settings, and to achieve the goal of malaria elimination in the state in line with global setting.
Partly unequal receipt of healthcare in last month of life in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a retrospective cohort study of the Stockholm region
Authors: Strang Peter , Schultz Torbjörn , Ozanne Anneli 
Published: February 2024

Context: In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), equal care is important, given that the disease often has complex symptoms at the end of life.
Objectives: The aim was to study the possible associations between demographic and clinical factors, including age, sex, and frailty, with acute healthcare utilization in the last month of life, measured by emergency room (ER) visits, admissions to acute hospitals and, acute hospitals as place of death, among patients with ALS. A second aim was to study whether receipt of specialized palliative care (SPC) affects above-mentioned healthcare utilization.
Methods: Observational, retrospective study based on Region Stockholm’s administrative data warehouse (VAL) in Sweden. Data were retrieved for 2015–2021 and analyzed with descriptive statistics and logistic regression models.
Results: All deceased patients (n = 448) ≥18 years with ALS were included. The mean age was 70.5 years, 46% were women and 58% had risk of frailty according to Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS). Ninety-nine (22%) were nursing home residents and 49% received SPC. The receipt of SPC in patients with ALS was equal in relation to gender, socio-economic standing, frailty, and age <75 years. Patients ≥75 years, those with dementia and/or residing in nursing homes (NH) were less likely to receive SPC (P = 0.01, P = 0.03 and P = 0.002, respectively). Receipt of SPC reduced ER visits (29% vs. 48%, P < 0.001) and deaths at hospital (12% vs. 48%, P <0.001). Patients who were frail, had a higher risk of ER visits and were more likely to die at an acute hospital setting (P < 0.001 and P = 0.004). NH residents were less likely to have ER visits and to die in hospital (P = 0.002 and P = 0.005).
Conclusions: The results indicate partly unequal distribution of palliative care, however the actual, individual preferences cannot be deducted from registry studies. All patients with ALS should be offered SPC when needed.
Key message: This register study shows that receipt of SPC in patients with ALS is equal in relation to gender, socioeconomic standing, frailty, and age <75 years, while those ≥75 years, with dementia, or residing in NH were somewhat less likely to receive SPC. Receipt of SPC reduces ER visits and acute hospital admissions.
ENERGY TRANSITION POLICIES: A GLOBAL REVIEW OF SHIFTS TOWARDS RENEWABLE SOURCES
Authors: Odunayo Adewunmi Adelekan  , Bamidele Segun Ilugbusi  , Olawale Adisa  , Ogugua Chimezie Obi  , Kehinde Feranmi Awonuga  , Onyeka Franca Asuzu  , Ndubuisi Leonard Ndubuisi  
Published: February 2024

The global landscape of energy production is undergoing a profound transformation as nations grapple with the imperatives of sustainable development and climate change mitigation. This paper encapsulates a comprehensive review of Energy Transition Policies, specifically focusing on the global shift towards renewable energy sources. The paper delves into the myriad policy initiatives adopted by countries worldwide to transition from conventional fossil fuel-based energy systems to cleaner and more sustainable alternatives. The analysis explores the diverse motivations driving these energy transitions, ranging from environmental concerns and climate change imperatives to economic competitiveness and energy security. By examining the unique policy frameworks of different regions, the research provides valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the adoption of renewable energy sources. It investigates the regulatory mechanisms, financial incentives, and technological advancements that shape the trajectory of energy transition policies on a global scale. Furthermore, the paper sheds light on the impact of energy transition policies on various stakeholders, including governments, industries, and local communities. It examines the socio-economic implications of renewable energy integration, job creation, and the role of international collaborations in fostering sustainable energy practices. The study adopts a comparative approach, drawing on case studies from diverse geographical contexts to distill common trends and best practices in energy transition policy formulation and implementation. This paper provides a nuanced understanding of the complex interplay between policy frameworks and the global transition towards renewable energy. By synthesizing insights from different regions, it contributes to a holistic perspective on the challenges and opportunities inherent in shaping a sustainable and resilient energy future. The research is an invaluable resource for policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders seeking to navigate the intricate landscape of energy transition on a global scale.
Keywords: Energy, Renewable Energy, Energy Innovation, Energy Transition, Review.
THE INTERSECTION OF GEOLOGY AND BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY: A DATA-DRIVEN REVIEW OF U.S. CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES
Authors: Alexander Obaigbena  , Preye Winston Biu  , Michael Tega Majemite  , Johnson Sunday Oliha  , Michael Ayorinde Dada  
Published: February 2024

In the contemporary business landscape, the intersection of geology and corporate sustainability emerges as a critical area of exploration, particularly within the U.S. context. This study delves into this intersection, aiming to elucidate how geological insights are integrated into corporate environmental strategies and the ensuing implications for sustainable business practices. The background of the study is rooted in the growing emphasis on environmental stewardship in business operations, where geological considerations are becoming increasingly significant. The paper's aim is to dissect the convergence of geology and corporate sustainability, assessing the influence of geological data on corporate environmental strategies. The scope encompasses a qualitative thematic analysis of recent literature, focusing on current trends, regional variations and industry-specific applications of geological insights. It also explores the economic and environmental impacts of integrating geology into business decisions, highlighting its role in risk management and sustainable innovation. The study concludes that geological data is a strategic asset in business, driving innovation, shaping risk management strategies and influencing long-term economic and environmental outcomes. It recommends that businesses embrace geological data as a core component of their sustainability strategies and policymakers create conducive environments for this integration. Future research is encouraged to further explore this dynamic field. The study provides valuable insights for businesses, policymakers and researchers, underscoring the necessity of integrating geological insights into corporate strategies for sustainable development.
Keywords: Geological Data, Corporate Sustainability, Environmental Strategies, Business Innovation, Risk Management, Sustainable Development.
Future changes in North Atlantic winter cyclones in CESM-LE – Part 2: A Lagrangian analysis
Authors: Dolores-Tesillos Edgar , Pfahl Stephan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Future changes in extratropical cyclone structure and dynamics may lead to important impacts but are not yet fully understood. In the first part of this study, we have applied a composite approach together with potential vorticity (PV) inversion to study such changes in the dynamics of North Atlantic cyclones. Here, this is complemented with the help of a Lagrangian perspective, making use of air parcel trajectories to investigate the causes of altered PV anomalies as well as the role that cyclone airstreams play in shaping these changes. Intense cyclones in the extended winter seasons of two periods, 1990–2000 and 2091–2100, are studied in Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble (CESM-LE) simulations, and backward trajectories are calculated from the cyclone area as a basis to construct cyclone-centered composites of Lagrangian tendencies and their projected future changes. Our results show that diabatic processes on a timescale of 24 h shape the cyclones' low-level PV distribution and corroborate that the increasing moisture content along with enhanced ascent in warm conveyor belts leads to amplified latent heat release and larger low- and mid-level PV anomalies near the cyclone center in a warmer climate. In contrast, projected upper-level PV changes are due to a combination of several processes. These processes include cloud diabatic PV changes, anomalous PV advection, and likely also radiative PV generation in the lower stratosphere above the cyclone center. For instance, enhanced poleward advection is the primary reason for a projected decrease in upper-level PV anomalies south of the cyclone center. Warm conveyor belt outflow regions are projected to shift upward, but there is not robust change in the associated upper-level PV anomalies due to compensation between enhanced low-level PV generation and upper-level PV destruction. In summary, our two-part study points to future changes in the relative importance of different processes for the dynamics of intense North Atlantic cyclones in a warming climate, with important consequences for the near-surface wind pattern. In particular, a larger role of cloud diabatic processes is projected, affecting the cyclones through PV production in the lower troposphere. The role of other mechanisms, in particular radiative changes near the tropopause, should be investigated in more detail in future studies.
Linking Gulf Stream air–sea interactions to the exceptional blocking episode in February 2019: a Lagrangian perspective
Authors: Wenta Marta , Grams Christian M. , Papritz Lukas , Federer Marc 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The development of atmospheric blocks over the North Atlantic–European region can lead to extreme weather events like heat waves or cold air outbreaks. Despite their potential severe impact on surface weather, the correct prediction of blocking lifecycles remains a key challenge in current numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Increasing evidence suggests that latent heat release in cyclones, the advection of cold air (cold air outbreaks, CAOs) from the Arctic over the North Atlantic, and associated air–sea interactions over the Gulf Stream are key processes contributing to the onset, maintenance, and persistence of such flow regimes. To better understand the mechanism connecting air–sea interactions over the Gulf Stream with changes in the large-scale flow, we focus on an episode between 20 and 27 February 2019, when a quasi-stationary upper-level ridge was established over western Europe accompanied by an intensified storm track in the northwestern North Atlantic. During that time, a record-breaking winter warm spell occurred over western Europe bringing temperatures above 20 ∘C to the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and northern France. The event was preceded and accompanied by the development of several rapidly intensifying cyclones that originated in the Gulf Stream region and traversed the North Atlantic. To explore the mechanistic linkage between the formation of this block and air–sea interactions over the Gulf Stream, we adopt a Lagrangian perspective, using kinematic trajectories. This allows us to study the pathways and transformations of air masses that form the upper-level potential vorticity anomaly and interact with the ocean front. We establish that more than one-fifth of these air masses interact with the Gulf Stream in the lower troposphere, experiencing intense heating and moistening over the region due to the frequent occurrence of CAOs behind the cold front of the cyclones. Trajectories moistened by the advection of cold air over a warm ocean by one cyclone later ascend into the upper troposphere with the ascending airstream of a subsequent cyclone, fueled by the strong surface fluxes. These findings highlight the importance of CAOs in the Gulf Stream region, indicating that their intense coupling between the ocean and atmosphere plays a role in block development. Additionally, they provide a mechanistic pathway linking air–sea interactions in the lower troposphere and the upper-level flow.
Influence of Terrestrial Parameters on the Ecophysiological Composition of Young Plants Kahya Senegalensis in Saline Environment
Authors: Campos Willian Viana , Filho José Teixeira , São José Alcebíades Rebouças 
Published: February 2024

This study aims at analyzing the behavior of young African mahogany plants in a saline environment, focusing on perceptions related to transpiration, photosynthetically active radiation and water potential. The experiment was conducted in drainage lysimeters, using different salinity levels of irrigation water. Environmental data, such as photosynthetically active radiation, water potential and electrical conductivity, were collected to investigate their influence on the transpiration of African mahogany plants. The research was carried out in an experimental field in the northeast region of Brazil, over a period of four months, with young African mahogany plants (Khaya senegalensis), using water with an electrical conductivity of 0.5 dS.m -1 (control treatment); 1.25 dS.m -1; 2 dS.m -1; 2.75 dS.m -1; 3.5 dS.m -1; 4.25 dS.m -1 and 5 dS.m -1 in a total of seven treatments, with three replications and 21 experimental units (plants). Plant transpiration was measured using a steady-state diffusion porometer. The electrical conductivity of the irrigation water was monitored using a portable conductivity meter. The results presented in the analyzes indicate a complex and interdependent relationship between leaf transpiration, photosynthetically active radiation and plant water potential. Leaf transpiration is influenced by variations in solar radiation, which plays a crucial role in regulating this process. It was observed that leaf transpiration is lower in the morning, from 7 to 9 am and in the late afternoon, from 5 to 6 pm, when incident solar radiation is at lower values.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR INTRINSIK YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS I DENPASAR SELATAN
Authors: Melynia Ni Putu , Parwati Ni Wayan Manik , Indriana Ni Putu Riza Kurnia 
Published: February 2024

Background: One disease that is prone to attack toddlers is pneumonia. Pneumonia is the world’s leading killer of children under five compared to other diseases such as AIDS, malaria and measles combined. The purpose of this study was to identify the analysis of intrinsic factors associated with pneumonia in toddlers at Public Health Center I South Denpasar
Method: This study employed a correlational research design with a population of 128 toddlers. Moreover, 67 respondents were recruited purposively as the sample. The data were collected through questionnaires and google forms.
Results: Findings indicated no correlation between age (p=0,158), gender (p=0,895), nutritional status (p=0,122), history of low birth weight babies (p=0,321), and administration of vitamin A (p=0,770) with the occurrence of pneumonia in toddlers with a p value > 0.05. Moreover, there was a correlation between immunization status (p=0,000), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p=0,000) and pneumonia occurrences in toddlers with a p-value < 0.05.
Conclusion: From this study, two intrinsic factors are associated with pneumonia in toddlers: immunization status and history of exclusive breastfeeding.
Keywords: Toddler Pneumonia, characteristics
Use of Gadgets, THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE DURATION OF GADGET USE AND SOCIAL INTERACTION AMONG CHILDREN AT MUTIARA PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOL IN SOUTH KUTA, BADUNG REGENCY
Authors: Febriani Shierly Andrianita , Mastryagung G.A Dwina , Kurnia Ni Putu Riza 
Published: February 2024

Background. Providing gadgets for an extended period is one of the inappropriate stimulation for early childhood. Children who are already addicted to gadgets will have social-emotional development problems. Children who use gadgets will become an antisocial-individuals; therefore, they often ignore and interact less with their surroundings. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the duration of gadget use and social interaction among children at Mutiara Pre-Primary School in South Kuta, Badung Regency.
Method. This study employed a correlation analytic research design with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was 109 respondents recruited through the total sampling technique according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results. Findings indicated that most children used gadgets for a long duration with 70 respondents (64.2%), and almost all children had good social interaction with 107 respondents (98.2%). The results of statistical tests using Chi-Square showed no correlation between the duration of using gadgets and social interaction in early childhood, with a p-value of 0.056 > 0.05.
Conclusion. There is no correlation between gadget use duration and early childhood social interaction.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK DAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG GIZI DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 12-59 BULAN DI UPTD.PUSKESMAS NUSA PENIDA I
Authors: Dwijayanti Yuke , Nurtini Ni Made , Dewi Ni Wayan Erviana Puspita 
Published: February 2024

Background: The prevalence of stunting incidence based on weighing operations in Februari 2022 on toddlers aged 12-59 months in the working area of Public Health Center I Nusa Penida is above the average of stunting rate in Bali in 2021which was 24.61%. The causes of stunting are mothers’ characteristics such as age, education, occupation, family income, and mother’s knowledge about nutrition. Purpose: To identify the correlation between characteristics and mothers’ knowledge about nutrition and stunting incidence on toddlers aged 12-59 months in the working area of Public Health Center I Nusa Penida.
Method: This study employed analytical quantitative design with cross sectional approach. The sample of this study was 312 mothers which were chosen by using probability sampling technique. The data were analyzed by using bivariate with chi square test.
Findings: Based on statistical test with chi square test showed that there was significant correlation between mothers’ age (p=<0,001), knowledge level (p=<0,001), and income (p=0,000) toward stunting incidence on toddlers aged 12-59 months. There was not correlation between mothers’ occupation, parity, and mothers’ knowledge about nutrition toward stunting incidence on toddlers aged 12-59 months.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that most of toddlers aged 12-59 months do not experience stunting. Having child in the vulnerable age (<20 and >35 years), education level, and income has correlation with stunting, meanwhile parity and knowledge level do not have correlation with stunting.
Prediction of the performance degradation of GaAs solar cells by electron irradiation
Authors: Meftah Afek , Sengouga Noureddine , Meftah Amjad 
Published: February 2024

Solar cells exposed to irradiation undergo severe degradation in their performance due to induced structural defects. To predict this effect, the current-voltage characteristics under AM0 illumination for a constant dose of electron irradiation are numerically calculated. From these characteristics the solar cell output parameters: the short circuit current density Jsc, the open circuit voltage Voc, the fill factor FF and the conversion efficiency are extracted. The irradiation induced defects introduce in the energy gap either recombination centres or traps. The irradiation induced degradation is widely attributed to the first type of defects. We have adopted a strategy to find out which defects are responsible for the degradation. This consists of simulating the effect of each defect separately on the output parameters. The simulation results show that traps are mainly responsible for the degradation of Jsc while recombination centres are responsible the degradation of Voc. The other parameters (FF and ) are degraded by the combination of the traps and recombination centres.
Knowledge of the Milky Way in the Arabic Cultural Region between the 8th and 15th Centuries
Authors: Eckart Andreas , Idriz Mesut 
Published: February 2024

We use a comparison of texts by several Arabic authors from the 8.-15. century inorder to explore the role of Milky Way in the early Islamic civilization until the 15thcentury. We refer to texts by Ibn al-Haytham, Ibn Rahiq, Ibn Majid, and al-Marzouqi.First we discuss the description of the Milky Way given by al-Marzouqi in the 21.chapter of his Kitab al-Azminah wa al-Amkinah. Al-Marzouqi also points out how theMilky Way can be used to determine the direction of prayer.Second we discuss Ibn al-Haytham's finding that in comparison with the Moon theMilky Way has no measurable parallax, must belong to the realm of the stars.We compare the situation at Ibn al-Haytham's time to that of the Great Debate in 1920.
Milky Way: role in early Islamic civilization, astronomical description, Great Debate