bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensemble of Deep Features for Breast Cancer Histopathological Image Classification
Authors: Atwan Jaffar , Almansour Nedaa , Hashem Ryalat Mohammad , Sahran Shahnorbanun , Aldabbas Hamza , Albashish Dheeb 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Analysis of histopathological images (HIs) is crucial for detecting breast cancer (BR). However, because they vary, it is still very difficult to extract well-designed elements. Deep learning (DL) is a recent development that is used to extract high-level features. However, DL techniques continue to confront several difficult problems, such as the need for sufficient training data for DL models, which reduces the classification findings. In this study, an ensemble deep transfer convolutional neural network is presented to address this problem. The pre-trained models (ResNet50 and MobileNet) are employed to extract high-level features by freezing the front layer parameters while fine-tuning the last layers. In the proposed ensemble framework, KNN, SVM, logistic regression and neural networks are used as base classifiers. The majority vote and product approaches are used to integrate the predictions of each separate classifier. In the benchmark BreaKHis dataset, the suggested ensemble model is compared to some current approaches. It demonstrates that while the ensemble model obtains a considerable accuracy of 97.72% for the multiclass classification test, it achieves an accuracy of 99.2% for the binary task. The suggested ensemble model’s effectiveness in extracting useful features for BR images is demonstrated by comparison with existing cutting-edge models.
Hybrid ITÖ Algorithm for Maximum Scatter Colored Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Dong Xueshi , Lin Qing , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research presents a new problem maximum scatter colored traveling salesman problem (MSCTSP), the objective of MSCTSP is to find Hamiltonian cycles with the minimal edge as max as possible, it is used to simulate the real-world applications of network and transport. Since MSCTSP has been proved to be a NP-hard problem, population-based algorithms can be used for solving it. However, the performances are not satisfactory. Thus, it is necessary to develop novel algorithms to obtain high quality feasible solution. Based on the above reason, the paper proposes a novel hybrid ITÖ (HITÖ) algorithm, which integrates the two new strategies: crossover operator and mutation strategy, into the standard ITÖ. In the iteration course of HITÖ, the dual-chromosome coding is used to code a feasible solution of MSCTSP, and the stochastic drift and volatility operators are used to explore and exploit new unknown region. During the process, drift operator is performed by crossover operator, volatility operator is carried out by mutation strategy, and they are both affected by activity intensity of particles which functionally depends on the radius and temperature. Experiments display HITÖ shows an improvement over comparative algorithms on solution quality.
Developing expressive language skills of deaf students through specialized writing instruction
Authors: Wolbers Kimberly A , Dostal Hannah M , Holcomb Leala , Spurgin Kelsey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Writing is an essential element of literacy development, and language plays a central role in the composing process, including developing, organizing, and refining ideas. Language and writing are interconnected, making it paramount for educators to attend to the development of deaf students’ language skills. In this quasi-experimental study, we examined the impact of strategic and interactive pedagogical approaches, namely Strategic and Interactive Writing Instruction, implemented with deaf students in grades 3–6 to develop genre-specific traits in their expressive language (spoken or signed) and writing. In this study, a total of 16 teachers and their 69 students participated in the treatment and comparison groups. Expressive language and writing samples were collected at the beginning and end of the year for three different genres. Students in the treatment group showed statistically significant gains in their expressive and written language for recount and information genres when compared to students in the comparison group. There was not a significant treatment effect on persuasive expressive language or writing. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between expressive language and writing at both time points across all three genres. This study provides evidence on the importance of attending to language skills during literacy instruction.
Cholinesterase inhibitors are associated with reduced mortality in patients with Alzheimer's disease and previous myocardial infarction
Authors: Shahim Bahira , Xu Hong , Haugaa Kristina , Zetterberg Henrik , Jurga Juliane , Religa Dorota , Eriksdotter Maria 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are the first-line symptomatic pharmacologic treatment for patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the target organ for this group of drugs is the brain, inhibition of the enzyme may affect cardiac function through vagotonic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Objective
To assess the impact of ChEIs on outcomes in patients with AD who have experienced myocardial infarction (MI) prior to the AD diagnosis.

Methods
Patients who had experienced MI before they were diagnosed with AD or Alzheimer's mixed dementia between 2008 and 2018 were identified from the Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem, www.svedem.se), which was linked to the National Patient Registry to obtain data on MI and mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression model among a propensity score-matched dataset was performed to assess the association between ChEI treatment and clinical outcomes.

Results
Of 3198 patients with previous MI and a diagnosis of AD or mixed dementia, 1705 (53%) were on treatment with ChEIs. Patients treated with ChEIs were more likely to be younger and have a better overall cardiovascular (CV) risk profile. The incidence rate of all-cause death (per 1000 patient-years) in the propensity-matched cohort of 1016 ChEI users and 1016 non-users was 168.6 in patients on treatment with ChEIs compared with 190.7 in patients not on treatment with ChEIs. In this propensity-matched cohort, treatment with ChEIs was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.71–0.92) and a greater reduction with higher doses of ChEIs. While in the unadjusted analysis, ChEIs were associated with a lower risk of both CV and non-CV death, only the association with non-CV death remained significant after accounting for baseline differences.

Conclusion
Treatment with ChEIs was associated with a significantly reduced risk of all-cause death, driven by lower rates of non-CV death in a nationwide cohort of patients with previous MI and a diagnosis of AD or mixed dementia. These associations were greater with higher ChEI doses.

Condensed Abstract
We assessed the association between cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and clinical outcomes in a nationwide cohort of patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI) and a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mixed dementi. In propensity-matched analysis, treatment with ChEIs was associated with a 19% reduction in all-cause death driven by non-cardiovascular death. The reduction in all-cause death was greater with the higher doses of ChEIs.
Digest: A sex chromosome driver without a sperm deficit
Authors: Roy Scott William 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Meiotic drivers that act during spermatogenesis derive a transmission advantage by disabling sperm that do not carry the driver, often leading to substantially reduced overall sperm number and function. A new study by Bates et al. shows no sperm deficit for a driver in a stalk-eyed fly, in contrast to a related species. This observed sperm compensation is possibly due to secondary testes-expanding mutations linked to the driving genomic locus.
Accessory tympanic plate ossicle: a new osteological entity
Authors: Mann Robert W , Ruengdit Sittiporn , Thompson Karen , Miller Kiana , Lozanoff Scott 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The auricular cartilage, which is typically soft and flexible, can calcify or ossify because of diseases such as diabetes mellitus, trauma, radiation therapy for cancer, and more commonly from frostbite. Calcified, ossified, or hardened auricular cartilage is a rare finding in the clinical literature and appears to be absent in the physical and forensic anthropological literature. This study examines the ossified auricular cartilage and tests whether the hypothesis can be identified in postmortem skeletonized tissue and be part of the external auditory meatus. A total of 290 crania were examined for accessory ossicles. A descriptive and interpretative analysis was performed grossly, histologically, and morphometrically to document the morphology and location of the ossicles, investigate their structure, and perform hypothesis testing. Results revealed that seven females and one male crania from a total of 290 crania (2.76%) exhibit semi-ossified auricular cartilage attached to the tympanic plate of the temporal bone. The morphology and location of the ossicles at the junction of the auricle and external auditory meatus indicate they are hardened auricular cartilage that was verified with histological observations. Regression analysis indicates that addition of the ossicle to the depth of the auditory tube significantly changes coefficient of determination (R2) with respect to cranial breadth. In conclusion, results indicate that small cartilaginous structures of the external ear may ossify forming accessory tympanic plate ossicles that potentially could be identified in skeletal remains as a new osteological entity. This report highlights the types of information that can be gained using an approach that integrates forensic anthropology, gross anatomy, and histology.
The role of alternative polyadenylation in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wu Sijia , Qin Xinyu , Huang Liyu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the cancers with high incidence, poor survival, and limited treatment. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the first step by which an early tumor converts to an invasive one. Studying the underlying mechanisms of EMT can help the understanding of cancer metastasis and improve the treatment. In this study, 1013 NSCLC patients and 123 NSCLC cell lines are deeply analyzed for the potential roles of alternative polyadenylation (APA) in the EMT process. A trend of shorter 3′-UTRs (three prime untranslated region) is discovered in the mesenchymal samples. The identification of EMT-related APA events highlights the proximal poly(A) selection of CARM1. It is a pathological biomarker of mesenchymal tumor and cancer metastasis through losing miRNA binding to upregulate the EMT inducer of CARM1 and releasing miRNAs to downregulate the EMT inhibitor of RBM47. The crucial role of this APA event in EMT also guides its effect on drug responses. The patients with shorter 3′-UTR of CARM1 are more benefit from chemotherapy drugs, especially cisplatin. A stratification of NSCLC patients based on this APA event is useful for chemotherapy design in future clinics.
Improved correlation for predicting heat transfer coefficients during condensation inside smooth horizontal tubes
Authors: Blose Sibongakonke C , Ewim Daniel R E , Eloka-Eboka Andrew C , Adelaja Adekunle O 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study presents an improved correlation for predicting heat transfer coefficients for condensation inside smooth macro-tubes. Experimental data was obtained for various fluids, including R12, R1234yf, R1234ze, R134a, R22, R263fa, R245a, R32, R404a, R410a, and R600a. Tube diameters ranging from 3 to 14 mm, mass fluxes ranging from 50 to 1400 kg/m2s, and a vapor quality between 0 and 1 were used to cover a wide range of operating conditions. This data included 1683 data points from 50 sources. The comparison of the existing experimental data base with different correlations showed that the Cavallini et al. correlation had a mean absolute deviation of 19%, followed by those made by the correlations of Koyama and Yonemoto (24%), Dobson and Chato (24%), Huang et al. (24%), Shah (29%), and Haraguchi et al. (33%). Based on this comparison, an improved correlation modelled after the correlation of Cavallini et al. correlation was proposed. The accuracy and reliability of the proposed correlations were evaluated by comparing the predicted values with independent experimental data from the literature, wherein it was found that this new correlation predicted the databank with a mean absolute error of 17%. It was also found that this new proposed correlation provided better predictions of the heat transfer coefficient than existing correlations. The proposed correlation will improve the design and optimization of heat exchangers used in various industries, as well as provide valuable insights into condensation behavior inside smooth macro-tubes.
The Theory of the Entire Algebraic Functions
Authors: Dupuy Taylor , Hrushovski Ehud 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Let $A$ be the integral closure of the ring of polynomials ${{\mathbb {C}}}[t]$, within the field of algebraic functions in one variable. We show that $A$ interprets the ring of integers. This contrasts with the analogue for finite fields, proved to have a decidable theory in [12] and [4].
Professors Need Not Be Just a Pretty Face: How Faculty Directories Can Decrease the Opportunity for Bias and Better Support Users by Directly Providing Semantic Information
Authors: Ritter Frank E , Engleka Aidan C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Websites for university units provide lists of faculty (teaching staff) to support a variety of users’ tasks including creating collaborations and student choice for projects and courses. However, these lists often only provide shallow features about the faculty such as pictures and names and not the semantic attributes of expertise, interest, or accomplishments. Prospective students, faculty, parents, donors, and those in the community often cannot directly access these semantic attributes and sometimes not without extensive search. Not having scholarship-focused individual entries leaves the selection process more open for implicit and explicit biases to be applied when searching for areas of expertise—if the website is face-focused (only pictures and names are provided), users can only choose (or choose who to explore further) based solely on name and physical appearance, thus including race, clothing and attractiveness. This paper argues for ease of access to the right information and self-authorship of the public-facing information. We document that this problem is pervasive at universities across the world (n = 275). We suggest good practices for decreasing the prominence of less relevant information to summarize faculty. This is accomplished by increasing the prominence and accessibility of more relevant information, including self-reported research interests and accomplishments. We provide example templates to support more semantic choices that would be applicable to similar organizational lists. This approach could be applied to other sets of professionals, such as doctors and lawyers.
Lower microhardness along with less heterogeneous mineralization in the femoral neck of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus indicates higher fracture risk
Authors: Cirovic Aleksandar , Schmidt Felix N , Vujacic Marko , Sihota Praveer , Petrovic Bojan , Zivkovic Vladimir , Bascarevic Zoran , Nikolic Slobodan , Djonic Danijela , Djuric Marija , Busse Björn , Milovanovic Petar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
There is still limited understanding of the microstructural reasons for the higher susceptibility to fractures in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we examined bone mineralization, osteocyte lacunar parameters, and microhardness of the femoral neck trabeculae in 18 individuals with T2DM who sustained low-energy fracture (T2DMFx: 78 ± 7 years, 15 women and 3 men) and 20 controls (74 ± 7 years, 16 women and 4 men). Femoral necks of the T2DMFx subjects were obtained at a tertiary orthopedic hospital, while those of the controls were collected at autopsy. T2DMFx individuals had lower trabecular microhardness (P = .023) and mineralization heterogeneity (P = .001), and a tendency to a lower bone area with mineralization above 95th percentile (P = .058) than the controls. There were no significant intergroup differences in the numbers of osteocyte lacunae per bone area, mineralized lacunae per bone area, and total lacunae per bone area (each P &gt; .05). After dividing the T2DMFx group based on the presence of vascular complications (VD) to T2DMFxVD (VD present) and T2DMFxNVD (VD absent), we observed that microhardness was particularly reduced in the T2DMFxVD group (vs. control group, P = .02), while mineralization heterogeneity was significantly reduced in both T2DMFx subgroups (T2DMFxNVD vs. control, P = .002; T2DMFxVD vs. control, P = .038). The observed changes in mineralization and microhardness may contribute to the increased hip fracture susceptibility in individuals with T2DM.
Incidence and risk factors for travellers’ diarrhoea among short-term international adult travellers from high-income countries: a systematic review with meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Carroll Siobhan C , Castellanos Maria Eugenia , Stevenson Robyn A , Henning Lars 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Travellers’ diarrhoea (TD) continues to be the most common travel-related medical event in international travellers. Updated incidence and risk factor data will improve pre-travel medical advice for travellers from high-income countries (HICs), providing an opportunity for disease prevention and appropriate disease management.

Methods
A systematic search for cohort studies of TD incidence published between 1 January 1997 and 2 March 2023 was performed using Ovid Medline, SCOPUS and Google Scholar databases. Study quality was assessed with a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). We extracted incidence data for adults travelling less than 100 days from HIC and available risk factor data. The overall random-effects pooled incidence and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, tau and the 95% prediction intervals. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Risk factor studies were reviewed qualitatively and described.

Results
Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis, containing 8478 participants. Two of the studies measured as high quality and eight as good quality as assessed by the modified NOS. The TD incidence was 36.1% (95% CI 24–41%; I2 94%), with a prediction interval ranging from 20.3 to 55.8%. The pooled incidence of mild, moderate and severe TD was 23.6, 8.1 and 2.9%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence increased with increasing average data collection period. Risk factors for TD in travellers from HIC identified include younger age, longer travel periods, low and middle-income destinations, travelling for tourism, backpacking travel styles and pre-travel health status.

Conclusion
It is estimated that between 20 and 56% of international travellers can expect to develop TD in travel of under 100 days. While most cases are mild, ~3% of all travellers will experience a disease that prevents usual activities or requires medical attention.
Algorithmic properties of modal and superintuitionistic logics of monadic predicates over finite Kripke frames
Authors: Rybakov Mikhail , Shkatov Dmitry 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We show that the monadic fragment of the modal predicate logic of a single Kripke frame with finitely many possible worlds, but possibly infinite domains, is decidable. This holds true even for multimodal logics with equality, regardless of whether equality is interpreted as identity or as congruence. By the Gödel–Tarski translation, similar results follow for superintuitionistic predicate logics, with or without equality. Using these observations, we establish upper algorithmic bounds, which match the known lower bounds, for monadic fragments of some modal predicate logics. In particular, we prove that, if $L$ is a propositional modal logic contained in $\textbf{S5}$, $\textbf{GL.3}$ or $\textbf{Grz.3}$ and the class of finite Kripke frames validating $L$ is recursively enumerable, then the monadic fragment with equality of the predicate logic of finite Kripke frames validating $L$ is $\varPi ^{0}_{1}$-complete; this, in particular, holds if $L$ is one of the following propositional logics: $\textbf{K}$, $\textbf{T}$, $\textbf{D}$, $\textbf{KB}$, $\textbf{KTB}$, $\textbf{K4}$, $\textbf{K4.3}$, $\textbf{S4}$, $\textbf{S4.3}$, $\textbf{GL}$, $\textbf{Grz}$, $\textbf{K5}$, $\textbf{K45}$ and $\textbf{S5}$. We also prove that monadic fragments with equality of logics $\textbf{QAlt}^=_{n}$ and $\textbf{QTAlt}^=_{n}$ are decidable. The obtained results are easily extendable to the multimodal versions of the predicate logics we consider and to logics with the Barcan formula.
Temporal trends and risk factors of perioperative cardiac events in patients over 80 years old with coronary artery disease undergoing noncardiac surgery: a high-volume single-center experience, 2014–2022
Authors: Li Xiaolin , Wang Congying , Jin Yunpeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Temporal trends and risk factors of perioperative cardiac events (PCEs) in patients over 80 years old with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing noncardiac surgery are still unclear.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 1478 patients over 80 years old, with known CAD undergoing selective noncardiac surgery in a single center (2014–2022). Patients were divided into three equal time groups based on the discharge date (2014–2016, 2017–2019, and 2020–2022), with 367, 473, and 638 patients in Groups 1–3, respectively. Perioperative clinical variables were extracted from the electronic medical records database. The primary outcome was the occurrence of PCEs intraoperatively or during hospitalization postoperatively, defined as any of the following events: myocardial infarction, heart failure, nonfatal cardiac arrest, and death.

Results
PCEs occurred in 180 (12.2%) patients. Eight independent risk factors were associated with PCEs, including four clinical factors (body mass index &lt; 22 kg/m2, history of myocardial infarction, history of heart failure, and general anesthesia) and four preoperative laboratory results (hemoglobin &lt; 110 g/L, albumin &lt; 40 g/L, creatinine &gt; 120 μmol/L, and potassium &lt;3.6 mmol/L). Significant rising trends were seen over the 9-year study period in the incidence of PCEs and independent risk factors including history of myocardial infarction, history of heart failure, general anesthesia, preoperative hemoglobin &lt; 110 g/L, preoperative albumin &lt; 40 g/L, and preoperative creatinine &gt; 120 μmol/L (P for trend &lt;0.05).

Conclusion
The incidence and independent risk factors of PCEs in patients over 80 years old with CAD undergoing noncardiac surgery showed significant rising trends over the last 9-year period.