bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Adsorption Capabilities of Amine Functionalized Magnetic Cellulose Acetate Butyrate Beads from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Topçu Aykut Arif 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, the magnetic cellulose acetate butyrate beads (mCABs) were prepared and then, their surfaces were modified with [(3‐Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane)] (APTES) solution to generate amine groups (−NH2) as a ligand for DNA adsorption in the aqueous solution. After the surface modification, the −NH2 functionalized mCABs (N−mCABs) were characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis. The optimum pH value of DNA adsorption was observed at pH 4 and at this point, the N−mCABs adsorbed 4.27 mg/g DNA at room temperature (RT). The maximum adsorbed amount of DNA was calculated as 5.24 mg/g and the DNA adsorption was exothermic; furthermore, DNA adsorption was monolayer and the Langmuir adsorption model was more fitted than the Freunclich isotherm model due to the regression coefficient (R2), and the qmax values of the Langmuir model. According to reusability studies, the prepared adsorbent protected its stability and the adsorption capacity after the 5 consecutive adsorption, desorption, and regeneration cycles.
Anchoring Carbon Spheres on Titanium Dioxide Modified Commercial Polyethylene (PE) Separator to Suppress Lithium Dendrites for Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yang Ling , Gao Xingxu , Li Jingjing , Gao Yong , Zhang Mingyue , Bai Yaozong , Liu Gaojun , Dong Haoyu , Sheng Lei , Wang Tao , Huang Xianli , He Jianping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLithium dendrites are easily generated for excessively‐solved lithium ions (Li+) inside the lithium metal batteries, which will lead serious safety issues. In this experiment, carbon spheres (CS) are successfully anchored on TiO2 (CS@TiO2) in the hydrothermal polymerization, which is filtrated on the commercial PE separator (CS@TiO2@PE). The negative charge in CS can suppress random diffusion of anions through electrostatic interactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that CS contributes to the desolvation of Li+, thereby increasing the migration rate of Li+. Furthermore, TiO2 exhibits high affinity to liquid electrolytes and acts as a physical barrier to lithium dendrite formation. CS@TiO2 is a combination of the advantages of CS and TiO2. As results, the Li+ transference number of the CS@TiO2@PE separator can be promoted to 0.63. The Li||Li cell with the CS@TiO2@PE separator exhibits a stable cycle performance for more than 600 h and lower polarization voltage (17 mV) at 1 mA cm−2. The coulombic efficiency (CE) of the Li||Cu cells employe the CS@TiO2@PE separator is 81.63% over 130 cycles. The discharge capacity of LiFePO4||Li cells based on the CS@TiO2@PE separator is 1.73 mAh (capacity retention = 91.53% after 260 cycles). Thus, the CS@TiO2 layer inhibits lithium dendrite formation.
Highly Solubilized Urea as Effective Proton Donor‐Acceptors for Durable Zinc‐Ion Storage Beyond Single‐Anion Selection Criteria
Authors: Tao Li , Lu Xuejun , Qu Keqi , Zeng You , Miller Mitchell B. , Liu Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUrea, as one of the most sustainable organic solutes, denies the high salt consumption in commercial electrolytes with its peculiar solubility in water. The bi‐mixture of urea‐H2O shows the eutectic feature for increased attention in aqueous Zn‐ion electrochemical energy storage (AZEES) technologies. While the state‐of‐the‐art aqueous electrolyte recipes are still pursuing the high‐concentrated salt dosage with limited urea adoption and single‐anion selection category. Here, a dual‐anion urea‐based (DAU) electrolyte composed of dual‐Zn salts and urea‐H2O‐induced solutions is reported, contributing to a stable electric double‐layer construction and in situ organic/inorganic SEI formation. The optimized ZT2S0.5‐20U electrolytes show a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 93.2% and durable Zn‐ion storage ≈4000 h regarding Zn//Cu and Zn//Zn stripping/plating procedures. The assembled Zn//activated carbon full cells maintain ≈100% capacitance over 50 000 cycles at 4 A g–1 in coin cell and ≈98% capacitance over 20 000 cycles at 1 A g–1 in pouch cell setups. A 12 × 12 cm2 pouch cell assembly illustrates the practicality of AZEES devices by designing the cheap, antifreezing, and nonflammable DAU electrolyte system coupling proton donor‐acceptor molecule and multi‐anion selection criteria, exterminating the critical technical barriers in commercialization.
Victimization and Intentional Injury in Global LGBTQI Populations
Authors: Xavier Hall Casey D. , Rider G. Nic , Bradford Nova , Areba Eunice M. , Miller Katy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntentional injury and violence affect lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI) populations globally and have a detrimental impact on their health and well-being. Elevated levels of injury and violence have been documented in LGBTQI populations relative to heterosexual, cisgender populations. Moreover, LGBTQI individuals experience unique forms of victimization, including hate-motivated violence and criminalization of LGBTQI identities. This chapter provides a broad overview of the literature addressing injury and victimization in LGBTQI populations worldwide, with an emphasis on the Global South. Topics include relevant frameworks, the various manifestations of injury and victimization, and antecedents, consequences, and interventions within interpersonal, institutional, community, and societal domains. Implications for intersections of social identities (e.g., ethno-racial, gender, age) and sub-populations (e.g., people engaged in sex work) are discussed. There remains a critical need for in-depth research and intervention development for many forms of violence that impact LGBTQI populations worldwide. Particular emphasis on addressing subpopulations such as transgender, non-binary, bisexual, intersex, LGBTQI elders, and populations of color is needed. Future research and development of interventions should center on perspectives from the Global South and employ de-colonial and post-colonial frameworks.
Probing dark sector fermions in Higgs precision studies and direct searches
Authors: Freitas Ayres , Song Qian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the discovery prospect of simplified fermionic dark sectors models through Higgs precision measurements at e+e− colliders and direct searches at hadron colliders. These models extend the Standard Model with two Majorana or Dirac fermions that are singlets, doublets or triplets under the weak SU(2) group. For all models, we consider two scenarios where the lightest new fermion is either stable, or where it decays into other visible final states. For the Higgs precision observables we primarily focus on σ(e+e− → ZH), which can deviate from the Standard Model through one-loop corrections involving the new fermions. Deviations of 0.5% or more, which could be observable at future e+e− colliders, are found for TeV-scale dark sector masses. By combining the constraints from the oblique parameters, Br(H → γγ), and direct production of the new fermions at the LHC, a comprehensive understanding of the discovery potential of these models can be achieved. In both scenarios, there exist some parameter regions where the Higgs precision measurements can provide complementary information to direct LHC searches.
Influence phase of a dS observer. Part I. Scalar exchange
Authors: Loganayagam R. , Shetye Omkar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Inspired by real-time computations in AdS black holes, we propose a method to obtain the influence phase of a cosmological observer by calculating the on-shell action on a doubled spacetime geometry. The influence phase is the effective action for an open system: for a dS static patch observer coupled to a scalar field it incorporates the radiation reaction due to the bulk fields and their dS Hawking radiation. For a general extended source in dS, we describe how to account for finite size effects. In the long-time limit, we get a Markovian open quantum system susceptible to cosmological fluctuations, whereas the short-time limit reproduces the worldline theory of flat-space radiation reaction. We also present a fully covariantised form for the cubic corrections to the radiation reaction in even spacetime dimensions, including Hubble contributions, and find an intriguing recursive structure across dimensions.
Self-duality under gauging a non-invertible symmetry
Authors: Choi Yichul , Lu Da-Chuan , Sun Zhengdi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We discuss two-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs) which are invariant under gauging a non-invertible global symmetry. At every point on the orbifold branch of c = 1 CFTs, it is known that the theory is self-dual under gauging a ℤ2 × ℤ2 symmetry, and has Rep(H8) and Rep(D8) fusion category symmetries as a result. We find that gauging the entire Rep(H8) fusion category symmetry maps the orbifold theory at radius R to that at radius 2/R. At R = $$ \sqrt{2} $$

2

, which corresponds to two decoupled Ising CFTs (Ising2 in short), the theory is self-dual under gauging the Rep(H8) symmetry. This implies the existence of a topological defect line in the Ising2 CFT obtained from half-space gauging of the Rep(H8) symmetry, which commutes with the c = 1 Virasoro algebra but does not preserve the fully extended chiral algebra. We bootstrap its action on the c = 1 Virasoro primary operators, and find that there are no relevant or marginal operators preserving it. Mathematically, the new topological line combines with the Rep(H8) symmetry to form a bigger fusion category which is a ℤ2-extension of Rep(H8). We solve the pentagon equations including the additional topological line and find 8 solutions, where two of them are realized in the Ising2 CFT. Finally, we show that the torus partition functions of the Monster2 CFT and Ising×Monster CFT are also invariant under gauging the Rep(H8) symmetry.
History of surgery at the University of Vienna
Authors: Wolner Laurenz , Höfinger Paula , Wolner Ernst 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThere are several publications on the history of surgery at the University of Vienna. None of these publications, however, sought to group the rich history of surgery in Vienna into distinct “surgical schools” of which, upon closer inspection, only 3 have emerged over the last 250 years. The oldest school dates back to Ferdinand Joseph von Leber and Vinzenz von Kern in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the second school was founded by Theodor Billroth in 1867 and his student Anton Eiselsberg in 1900. The third school dates back to Jan Navratil, who was called to Vienna from Brno in 1967. Each of these schools is unique in that it maintained a degree of coherence, as knowledge, methodology and scientific focus were passed down in a chain of succession. These three schools also significantly influenced the rest of surgery in Vienna because most of the department chairs at the Vienna city hospitals or private hospitals were trained in one of these three schools.
Using narrative 360° video as a tool to promote breast self-examination
Authors: Farmer H. , Skoulikari E. , Bevan C. , Gray S. , Cater K. , Stanton Fraser D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis experiment examined the feasibility of 360° video as a tool for public health messaging by investigating the effect that viewing the 360° documentary The Waiting Room VR had on female viewers’ sense of identification, attitudes to breast cancer screening and mortality salience. A key part of the documentary places participants in a viewpoint ambiguously aligned to that of the film’s director and subject, Victoria Mapplebeck (VM), in a scene that recreates her radiotherapy treatment for breast cancer. Eighty female participants watched the documentary either sitting upright with the chair back set at a 90° angle or reclining with the chair back set at a 140° angle (consistent with VMs posture) under conditions of either high or low cognitive load. The effect of posture type was measured explicitly using questionnaires on presence, identification and breast self-examination (BSE) intention as well as implicitly using a lexical decision task to measure death-thought awareness (DTA). Reclined posture led to a higher sense of spatial presence but no increase in identification with VM. Significantly increased identification with VM led to greater intention to conduct BSE. There were no effects of posture, cognitive load or identification on DTA. The implications of these results for using 360° video as a behaviour change tool, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the terror management manipulation and the relevance of spatial viewpoint in 360° video are discussed.
Machine learning approach for GNSS geodetic velocity estimation
Authors: Özarpacı Seda , Kılıç Batuhan , Bayrak Onur Can , Taşkıran Murat , Doğan Uğur , Floyd Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the performance of machine learning (ML) algorithms in determining horizontal velocity at specific points using the current Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) velocity field. To achieve this objective, the analysis utilized the most comprehensive velocity field available for Turkey, where 70% of the GNSS velocities was allocated for training the ML algorithms, while the remaining 30% was used for testing. Contrary to the previous research, the significance of considering the tectonic structure within the study area was emphasized at this point. To determine the tectonic structure of the horizontal velocity field in the region, a preliminary clustering procedure was conducted. Subsequently, distinct ML algorithms were trained using velocity fields associated with different tectonic plates. Moreover, to investigate the impact of the tectonic domain, the entire velocity field was also tested using ML algorithms without considering the tectonic structure. Four different ML algorithms, namely, Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM), LightGBM, Random Forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting Machines (XGBoost), were employed to estimate the horizontal velocities (east and north components). The findings imply that incorporating the tectonic structure improved the performance of machine learning predictions, as indicated by the GBM algorithm's decreased root-mean-square error values. In addition, when the tectonic structure was taken into account, the accuracy assessment values for the RF and XGBoost algorithms in the east component decreased significantly. In terms of predicting GNSS velocities, the RF algorithm exhibited the lowest root-mean-square error values compared to other algorithms. The horizontal velocity differences between averages of the reference velocity field and the RF velocity estimates are maximum 0.4 mm/yr.
Interaction of dietary garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), and probiotic on the growth performance and health status of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Güroy Derya , Emre Nesrin , Yalım Fatma Banu , Karadal Onur , Kaya Dogukan , Arifoğlu Nazan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEight-week feeding trial was conducted to estimate the effects of dietary probiotic (P), garlic (G), and onion (O) powders on growth, hematology, and serum parameters in the juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Seven practical diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (49% protein) and isolipidic (20% lipid) and the diets included the P, O, and G at the concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 1%, respectively, at the replace of wheat flour. Rainbow trout fed the G supplemented diet displayed a higher specific growth rate (SGR) when compared with fish fed the P and the mix of probiotics and onion (PO) (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the fish fed the G diet was lower than the P diet (P < 0.05). Net protein utilization (NPU) of the juveniles fed the O and PO diets was higher than the other experimental groups, except the G (P < 0.05). The group fed the G diet exhibited significant differences in the packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels of groups fed the P and PO (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of white blood cell (WBC) and red blood cell (RBC) counts (P > 0.05). Significant differences were recorded among the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), while juveniles fed the G and PG diets were higher than the P and O groups (P < 0.05). The results of this study demonstrated that supplementing diets with garlic can improve some growth parameters such as SGR and PER for rainbow trout.
Communication-Aware Control of Large Data Transmissions via Centralized Cognition and 5G Networks for Multi-Robot Map merging
Authors: Damigos Gerasimos , Stathoulopoulos Nikolaos , Koval Anton , Lindgren Tore , Nikolakopoulos George 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMultiple modern robotic applications benefit from centralized cognition and processing schemes. However, modern equipped robotic platforms can output a large amount of data, which may exceed the capabilities of modern wireless communication systems if all data is transmitted without further consideration. This research presents a multi-agent, centralized, and real-time 3D point cloud map merging scheme for ceaselessly connected robotic agents. Centralized architectures enable mission awareness to all agents at all times, making tasks such as search and rescue more effective. The centralized component is placed on an edge server, ensuring low communication latency, while all agents access the server utilizing a fifth-generation (5G) network. In addition, the proposed solution introduces a communication-aware control function that regulates the transmissions of map instances to prevent the creation of significant data congestion and communication latencies as well as address conditions where the robotic agents traverse in limited to no coverage areas. The presented framework is agnostic of the used localization and mapping procedure, while it utilizes the full power of an edge server. Finally, the efficiency of the novel established framework is being experimentally validated based on multiple scenarios.
Host versus home country influence on the immigrant entrepreneurial process: an imprinting perspective
Authors: Thai Mai Thi Thanh , Simba Amon , Dabić Marina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSince its first use in organisational research, nearly five decades ago, imprinting has gained recognition in entrepreneurship studies. Accordingly, this study utilises the behavioural concept to develop new theorisations to account for the entrepreneurial processes of immigrant entrepreneurs. It pays attention on its effects on immigrant entrepreneurs, particularly when it comes to their decision–making and behaviours towards business creation in Canada. A comprehensive analysis of a dataset generated from a systematically selected group of immigrant entrepreneurs revealed the complexity of their imprints at various stages of their entrepreneurial cycle in the North American country. It emerged that imprinting not only modified their behaviours, attitudes and cognition, but also shaped the trajectory of their entrepreneurial processes. That is, their imprints had an effect on how they identified business opportunities, the types of businesses they pursued, their level of entrepreneurial drive, and the types of resources they acquired or accessed in their new environment. Notably, following a period of normalisation in their new surroundings, their original imprints changed due to diminishing affinity with their country-of-origin. This holds research and policy implications as it uncovers an unfolding but less-understood entrepreneurship phenomenon.
Steroid Premedication and Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: Should We Reconsider?
Authors: Karlsen Emma-Anne , Walpole Euan , Simpson Fiona 
Published: January 2024

Opinion statementMonoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy is now considered a main component of cancer therapy in Australia. Although traditionally thought of as pure signalling inhibitors, a large proponent of these medications function through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Currently, most protocols and institutional guidelines for ADCC-mediated mAbs promote the use of corticosteroids as premedication: this is implemented to reduce infusion-related reactions (IRRs) and antiemesis prophylaxis and combat concurrently administered chemotherapy-related syndromes. Concerningly, the inhibitory effects of ADCC by corticosteroids are well documented; henceforth, it is possible the current standard of care is misaligned to the literature surrounding ADCC. Subsequently, clinicians’ decisions to act in contrast to this literature may be reducing the efficacy of mAbs. The literature suggests that the redundant use of corticosteroids should be cautioned against when used in conjunction with ADCC-mediated mAbs—this is due to the consequent reduction in anti-tumour activity. Owing to the fact IRRs typically occur upon initial infusion, the authors advocate for individual clinicians and institutional protocols to considering augmenting their practice to corticosteroid premedication at the first dose only, unless clinically indicated. Additionally, product information (PI) and consumer medicine information (CMI) documents distributed by Australian and international regulatory agencies should consider disclosing the risk of concurrent steroids with these medications. Moreover, the authors suggest considering alternative medications for the management of side effects.
Healthy and Happy? An Ethical Investigation of Emotion Recognition and Regulation Technologies (ERR) within Ambient Assisted Living (AAL)
Authors: Hartmann Kris Vera , Rubeis Giovanni , Primc Nadia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAmbient Assisted Living (AAL) refers to technologies that track daily activities of persons in need of care to enhance their autonomy and minimise their need for assistance. New technological developments show an increasing effort to integrate automated emotion recognition and regulation (ERR) into AAL systems. These technologies aim to recognise emotions via different sensors and, eventually, to regulate emotions defined as “negative” via different forms of intervention. Although these technologies are already implemented in other areas, AAL stands out by its tendency to enable an inconspicuous 24-hour surveillance in the private living space of users who rely on the technology to maintain a certain degree of independence in their daily activities. The combination of both technologies represents a new dimension of emotion recognition in a potentially vulnerable group of users. Our paper aims to provide an ethical contextualisation of the novel combination of both technologies. We discuss different concepts of emotions, namely Basic Emotion Theory (BET) and the Circumplex Model of Affect (CMA), that form the basis of ERR and provide an overview over the current technological developments in AAL. We highlight four ethical issues that specifically arise in the context of ERR in AAL systems, namely concerns regarding (1) the reductionist view of emotions, (2) solutionism as an underlying assumption of these technologies, (3) the privacy and autonomy of users and their emotions, (4) the tendency of machine learning techniques to normalise and generalise human behaviour and emotional reactions.