bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat transfer enhancement of serpentine channels with twisted tape insert by computational fluid dynamics and artificial intelligence
Authors: Salimi Saeid , Mozoun Mohammad Javad , Beigzadeh Reza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImproving the thermal–hydraulic performance of heat exchangers is a critical challenge. In this study, we investigated the impact of twisted tape insert geometrical variables, namely pitch length (P) and diameter (W), on the Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor (f) within serpentine channels. To accomplish this, we employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as our simulation technique, with water as the working fluid. The validity of the CFD data was confirmed, leading to the development of artificial intelligence (AI) subsets: artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA). In the prediction models, the following input variables were considered: Reynolds number (Re), (P/Dh), and (W/Dh). The ANN and GA models achieved a mean relative error (MRE) of 0.125% and 1.326% for Nu, and 0.139% and 4.104% for f, respectively. These results demonstrate the high accuracy of the correlations, with the ANN model showcasing superior performance.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Migratory Carboboration of 1,4‐Cyclohexadiene†
Authors: Ren Yaoyu , Wang Lujin , Ding Chao , Li Yangyang , Yin Guoyin 
Published: October 2023

Comprehensive SummaryMulti‐substituted cyclohexanes play a crucial role as scaffolds in bioactive compounds. While significant progress has been made in synthesizing substituted cyclohexanes, methods for the stereoselective assembly of 1,3‐disubstituted cyclohexanes remain scarce. This study presents a novel approach involving nickel catalysis to achieve stereoselective carboboration of 1,4‐cyclohexadiene. This innovative process allows for the simultaneous introduction of a boron group and an aryl or an alkyl fragment into the 1,4‐cyclohexadiene framework under mild conditions, with exclusive regioselectivity and excellent cis configuration. The resulting products feature a double carbon bond and the incorporation of the boron group, offering significant potential for subsequent transformations and downstream applications.
Bio‐Inspired Far‐From‐Equilibrium Hydrogels: Design Principles and Applications
Authors: Tang Jiadong , Cheng Yibo , Ding Muhua , Wang Chen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInspired from dynamic living systems that operate under out‐of‐equilibrium conditions in biology, developing supramolecular hydrogels with self‐regulating and autonomously dynamic properties to further advance adaptive hydrogels with life‐like behavior is important. This review presents recent progress of bio‐inspired supramolecular hydrogels out‐of‐equilibrium. The principle of out‐of‐equilibrium self‐assembly for creating bio‐inspired hydrogels is discussed. Various design strategies have been identified, such as chemical‐driven reaction cycles with feedback control and physically oscillatory systems. These strategies can be coupled with hydrogels to achieve temporal and spatial control over structural and mechanical properties as well as programmable lifetime. These studies open up huge opportunities for potential applications, such as fluidic guidance, information storage, drug delivery, actuators and more. Finally, we address the challenges ahead of us in the coming years, and future possibilities and prospects are identified.
Investigation of the effects of arch size and implant angulation on the accuracy of digital impression using two intraoral scanners: An in vitro study
Authors: Geramipanah Farideh , Sadighpour Leyla , Payaminia Leila 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of arch size and implant angulation on the accuracy of digital impression in two intraoral scanners of Trios (3shape) and CEREC (Omnicam).Material and MethodsFour acrylic models each including six implants at sites 11, 12, 15, 17, 23, and 27 were used, including large with parallel implants, large with angled implants, small with parallel implants, and small with angled implants. After tightening the scan bodies, distance measurements were done using a coordinate measuring machine. Then, each model was scanned 10 times using each scanner. Trueness and precision measurements were finally computed.ResultsThe trueness values ranged from 20 to 260 μm in CEREC Omnicam, and from 40 to 1030 μm in Trios. The precision values ranged from 30 to 190 μm in CEREC Omnicam, while from 50 to 770 μm in Trios. The multivariate test analysis indicated that the measured distances via two scanners and different models show different behaviors. Pairwise interactions between these three variables were significant (p < .05). Pairwise interactions between these variables were also significant. (p < .0001).ConclusionsArch width could affect the accuracy of digital impression; by rotating toward the second quadrant and end points of the scan, errors have increased. However, the angulation of the implants had no effect on the accuracy of digital impression. The CEREC Omnicam scanner showed higher accuracy (trueness and precision) compared to the Trios (3shape) one.
Secretory carcinoma of salivary gland: A rare tumor masquerading as acinic cell carcinoma on cytology
Authors: Agarwal Charu , Jain Manjula , Pujani Mukta , Rajpoot Jyoti , Goel Himani , Sarohi Monica , Sasidharan Jaseetha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSecretory carcinoma (SC) was originally described as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC). We present here a case of 33 years old male who came to ENT outpatient department with a complaint of swelling over the left side of his neck for 8 months. On Fine‐needle aspiration cytology, an impression of cytomorphological features suggestive of acinic cell carcinoma (Milan category V) was given. Left functional endoscopic sinus surgery was done. On histopathology, a final impression of Secretory carcinoma, the left submandibular gland was given with pathological stage classification as pT2N0Mx. SC of the salivary gland is a rare entity that may pose diagnostic challenges. Awareness of its cytologic features is paramount to achieve an accurate diagnosis. Morphologic interpretation must be supported by an immunohistochemical profile and molecular studies to confirm a diagnosis of SC.
A cutaneous epithelioid vascular tumor harboring a TPM3::ALK fusion
Authors: Linos Konstantinos , Chang Jason C. , Busam Klaus J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSubstantial progress has been made in understanding the molecular pathways associated with vascular tumors over the last two decades. In addition to mutations and copy number aberrations, fusions have emerged as significant contributors to the pathogenesis of a notable subset of vascular tumors. In this report, we present a case of an unusual intradermal vascular tumor with epithelioid cytomorphology. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse positivity for CD31, ERG and Factor VIII, supporting its endothelial lineage. RNA sequencing (ArcherFusion Plex) revealed the presence of an in‐frame fusion between the genes TPM3 Exon 8 and ALK Exon 20. Immunohistochemistry confirmed ALK expression by the endothelial cells. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of a vascular tumor harboring an ALK fusion. It may fall within the spectrum of epithelioid hemangiomas; nevertheless, we cannot definitively exclude the possibility of it being a distinct and potentially unique benign entity on its own.
Prevalence of depression among Iranian children and adolescents: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bazargan Maedeh , Dehghani Akram , Ramezani Mohammad Arash , Ramezani Alireza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsOne of the most common mental disorders among children and adolescent is depression. Some of the conducted studies indicate a too‐high prevalence of depression, which cannot be generalized to the entire country. So the pooled estimation of the results of different studies is very important to reach valid results. So the current study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression among Iranian children and adolescents using an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA random‐effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression (I2 = 99.7% and Cochran's Q, p < 0.001). To assess the effect of different factors on heterogeneity, the univariate meta‐regression model was used. Publication bias was evaluated by Beggs and Eggers tests as well as funnel plots. Data were analyzed by STATA v 11 (StataCorp.). The significance level of the tests was considered less than 0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of depression was 33.3% (95% CI: 27.3−39.2). The most prevalence estimated using the Beak questionnaire (57.1% [95% CI: 50.2−64.0]) and the lowest was estimated using the K‐SADS‐PL (9.0% [95% CI: 4.0−13.6]). This estimate among females was more than among males (47.2% [95% CI: 35.4−58.9] vs. 30.5 [95% CI: 7.4−53.6]). Regarding the geographical region, the most and the lowest amount of depression was seen in the central with 41.7% (95% CI: 19.2−64.3) and southern region with 21.9% (95% CI: 14.2−29.6), respectively.ConclusionThe high prevalence of depressive disorders in Iranian children emphasizes the importance of prevention measures for these disorders.
Immune landscape of vulvar cancer patients treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy revealed restricted T cell functionality and increased IL‐17 expression associated with cancer relapse
Authors: Gies Selina , Melchior Patrick , Stroeder Russalina , Tänzer Tanja , Theobald Laura , Pohlers Maike , Glombitza Birgit , Sester Martina , Solomayer Erich‐Franz , Walch‐Rückheim Barbara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFor vulvar cancers, radiotherapy is targeting cancer cells, but also affects the host immune system. As this may affect treatment outcome, in this prospective study, we characterized the individual T cell immune milieu induced by surgery and adjuvant radio +/− chemotherapy (aRT) systemically in the blood of vulvar cancer patients and found increased frequencies of Interleukin (IL)‐17‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells after aRT while frequencies of Th1 and perforin‐producing CD8+ killer cells were strongly diminished. Phenotypic characterization revealed enhanced expression of the ectonucleotidase CD39 on Th17 and Tc17 cells as well as CD8+ perforin+ cells after aRT. Furthermore, the aRT cohort exhibited increased proportions of Programmed Cell Death Protein (PD‐1) expressing cells among Th1 and CD8+ perforin+ cells, but not among Th17 and Tc17 cells. High post‐therapeutic levels of Th17 and Tc17 cells and low proportions of Th1 and CD8+ perforin+ cells expressing PD‐1 was associated with reduced recurrence free survival on follow‐up. In conclusion, our study defines individual therapy‐induced changes in the cellular immune milieu of patients and their association with cancer relapse. Our results may help to explain differences in the individual courses of disease of vulvar cancer patients and suggest PD‐1 and IL‐17 as targets for immunotherapy in vulvar cancer.
Acute on chronic liver failure: A South Australian experience
Authors: Madigan Shauna , Tashkent Yasmina , Trehan Sharad , Muller Kate , Wigg Alan , Woodman Richard , Ramachandran Jeyamani 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimAcute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a clinical syndrome described in patients with acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis, characterized by organ failures and high mortality. Intensive management, including liver transplantation (LT), has been shown to improve survival. To address the limited Australian data on ACLF, we describe the prevalence, clinical profile, and outcome of ACLF in an Australian cohort of hospitalized patients.MethodsA retrospective review of hepatology admissions in a tertiary hospital from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019 identified AD and ACLF cohorts, as defined by the European Association for Study of the Liver definition. Patient characteristics, clinical course, survival at 28‐ and 90‐day survival, and feasibility of LT were analyzed.ResultsAmong the 192 admissions with AD, 74 admissions (39%) met ACLF criteria. A prior diagnosis of alcohol‐related cirrhosis was highly prevalent in both cohorts. Grade‐1 ACLF was the most frequent (60%), with renal failure being the commonest organ failure; 28‐day (23% vs 2%, P = <0.001) and 90‐day mortality (36% vs 16%, P = 0.002) were higher in ACLF than AD. Due to ongoing alcohol use disorder (AUD), only six patients underwent LT assessment during ACLF admission.ConclusionACLF was common in our cohort of cirrhosis with AD and was associated with high mortality. AUD despite prior cirrhosis diagnosis was a barrier to LT. Prioritization of ACLF patients for LT after addressing AUD and relaxation of the 6‐month abstinence rule may improve ACLF survival and should be addressed in prospective studies.
Heparin‐induced hyperkalemia, can LMWH cause hyperkalemia? A systematic review
Authors: Amdetsion Gedion Yilma , Gudeta Aron , Lumley Guy , Sagoo Harkiran , Aliledhin Ehab 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHyperkalemia, an elevated blood potassium concentration exceeding 5.0 mEq/L, is associated with adverse outcomes and is frequently observed in hospitalized patients. Drug‐induced hyperkalemia accounts for a significant proportion of cases, with heparin, commonly used for venous thrombosis prevention, suspected to contribute, though less recognized than other heparin‐related side effects. Both unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) have been implicated in inducing hyperkalemia, primarily through the suppression of aldosterone levels and modulation of angiotensin II receptors. This systematic review examines the relationship between heparin, particularly LMWH, and hyperkalemia. Thirteen studies involving 1407 patients were analyzed. Findings indicated a lack of highquality evidence, with no significant increase in potassium levels associated with LMWH use. LMWH did not exhibit a dose‐response relationship with hyperkalemia incidence. Additionally, mechanisms underlying the hypothetical LMWHinduced hyperkalemia remained inconclusive. While this suggests that LMWH is unlikely to be a primary cause of hyperkalemia, caution is warranted, especially in patients with elevated baseline potassium levels.
Sustained upward groundwater discharge through salt marsh tidal creeks
Authors: Zhan Lucheng , Xin Pei , Chen Jiansheng , Chen Xiaogang , Li Ling 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSalt marshes can export considerable nutrients and carbon to the ocean through submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). However, the complicated SGD processes in salt marshes remain poorly understood. Here, we first report the phenomenon of numerous highly saline artesian springs found in a salt marsh system of East China. Multiple methods including time‐series thermal monitoring, isotope signatures, and high‐resolution electrical resistivity tomography were combined to determine their origin and trajectory. Strong evidence suggests that these springs keep discharging even during high tide and represent a long‐term re‐distribution process of the ancient marine water trapped in the unconfined aquifer. This new pattern of spring‐derived groundwater flow indicates a hidden SGD pathway and has significant implications for studies concerning SGD‐derived fluxes in similar multi‐aquifer‐aquitard coastal systems.
Directional Thermal Emission Covering Two Atmospheric Windows
Authors: Ying Yunbin , Yu Jianbo , Qin Bing , Zhao Meng , Zhou Tianze , Shen Weidong , Qiu Min , Li Qiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractControlling directional thermal emission to match the ultra‐broadband atmospheric window is a long‐standing scientific challenge. Here, a strategy is introduced for achieving ultra‐broadband directional thermal emission matching the atmospheric window by combining Fabry–Perot resonances and the Brewster effect. The planar system, comprising a thin dielectric film (Ge) on a radiative substrate, exhibits high p‐polarized emissivity (> 0.9) at specific directions (76°–84°) covering the entire atmospheric window (3–5 and 8–14 µm) and high omnidirectional emission (> 0.7) in the non‐atmospheric window (5–8 µm) for simultaneous efficient radiative cooling. Moreover, it can integrate independent dual‐band (visible–IR) information encryption and the infrared information anti‐snooping function. The approach offers unique insights into controlling thermal emission using planar films, with broad implications in camouflage, thermal management, and encryption.
Mechanically Robust and Self‐Healing Polyurethane Elastomer Based on Hierarchical Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Jin Biqiang , Wu Wenqiang , Wu Haitao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIt is a formidable challenge to fabricate mechanically robust and self‐healing polymeric materials. In this work, a facile but effective approach based on constructing hierarchical hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) is used to combine high mechanical robustness and healing efficiency into one artificial polyurethane (PU) elastomer. The infrared spectrum and molecular simulations demonstrate the formation of hierarchical H‐bonds, which are assembled by the strong and weak H‐bonds. The hierarchical H‐bonds appear to have two advantages. On the one hand, the hierarchical breaking of the strong and weak H‐bonds can effectively strengthen and toughen the PU elastomer. The strong H‐bonds maintain the integrity of the PU network, while the weak H‐bonds dissipate considerable energy during stretching; on the other hand, the rapid dissociation and organization of hierarchical H‐bonds provides the driving force for the healing process. Thus, the hierarchical H‐bonds efficiently solve the inherent contradiction between mechanical strength and healing dynamics. As a result, the PU elastomer exhibits excellent mechanical properties (32.5 MPa of tensile strength and 84.1 MJ m−3 of toughness). Meanwhile, this PU elastomer shows high healing efficiency (91.4%) and also exhibits 100% scratch recovery. This design strategy may provide a simple yet effective way to produce robust self‐healing polymeric materials.
Impact of holes in an interdigital parallel folded coupled line‐based wideband bandpass filter for X‐band applications
Authors: Paul Amartya , Bhargava Gaurav , Majumdar Shubhankar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a study on the effects of strategically implemented holes in a miniaturized wideband bandpass filter (BPF) utilizing interdigital folded coupled lines is presented. First, the BPF is designed to produce the passband by introducing a fold in the coupled lines. The passband is centered at 9.3 GHz (X‐band), catering to radar applications. Coupled lines connected to a modified U‐shaped transmission line comprise the filter's design configuration. The novelty of the design resides in incorporating drilled holes along the coupled lines, which generate perturbations and resonant effects, resulting in enhanced impedance variations and improved filter performance. With the aid of electromagnetic analysis and simulation software, the coupled lines, U‐shaped transmission lines, and drilled hole diameters are all optimized. Vector Network Analyzer performs all the measurements and draws the comparisons. An increment of 22.58% is seen in return loss as it increases from −24 to −32 dB, and the insertion loss shows an increase of 16.74%. The proposed filter has been subjected to analytical study, simulation, and implementation, which have confirmed its exceptional return loss, favorable insertion loss, and compact dimensions. The research results make a valuable contribution to the development of miniaturized wideband BPFs, specifically focusing on their use in radar systems. In such systems, the ability to accurately and efficiently filter signals is paramount. The design insights and performance improvements presented in this study have significant implications for broader applications in microwave engineering and communication systems.
Working through a pandemic: The mediating effect of nurses' health on the relationship between working conditions and turnover intent
Authors: Havaei Farinaz , Tang Xuyan , Adhami Nassim , Kaulius Megan , Boamah Sheila A. , McMillan Kimberly 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimWhile research has demonstrated that nurses' health and working conditions are important predictors of turnover in COVID‐19, the relationship between these factors is not well understood. Our study investigated the mechanism through which working conditions and nurses' physical and mental health could impact intent to leave the nursing profession.DesignSecondary data from a cross‐sectional survey of 3478 nurses in British Columbia administered in May 2021 were analysed using structural equation modelling.MethodsTwo models were assessed utilizing workplace conditions as the predictor, nurses' health as the mediator, and reported turnover intent (Model 1), and anticipated time to turnover (Model 2) as the outcomes.ResultsNurses' health partially mediated the relationship between working conditions and turnover intent, where poorer workplace conditions were directly and indirectly associated with greater likelihood of leaving the profession. Nurses' health fully mediated the relationship between working conditions and nurses' anticipated time to turnover, after controlling for age. The findings from this study underscore the importance of enhancing working conditions and improving nurses' mental health and safety on the job.Patient or Public ContributionThe British Columbia Nurses' Union provided the data for this study; survey data from 3478 nurses were utilized in our study.
Incomplete capture of apremilast in Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum: An example of exposure misclassification of specialty treatments in United Kingdom general practice databases
Authors: Persson Rebecca , Jick Susan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeNearly all apremilast users captured in Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum have only one prescription, which is inconsistent with its prescribing pattern. The goal of this study was to assess capture of apremilast prescriptions in CPRD Aurum by comparison to CPRD GOLD and general practitioner (GP) questionnaires.MethodsWe compared the number of apremilast prescriptions for patients in Aurum to (1) those in GOLD and (2) those reported by the GPs via questionnaire responses.ResultsThere were 441 Aurum patients with an apremilast prescription (424 [96%] in England) and 341 GOLD patients (11 [3%]) in England). In Aurum 91% of all patients (and 96% of English patients) had only one apremilast prescription while in GOLD 29% of all patients (and 82% of English patients) had only one prescription. We received questionnaire responses from GPs for 50 of 390 (13%) patients participating in Aurum who had 57 total apremilast exposed months captured in Aurum. GPs reported 8 (16%) patients with only one prescription and a median of 4 (range 1–35) apremilast prescriptions per patient, yielding 463 total months of apremilast exposure.ConclusionsCPRD Aurum captures only one apremilast prescription for most recorded users, though questionnaire responses indicated most patients received multiple prescriptions. Researchers using any UK GP database should be aware of potential for significant exposure misclassification of apremilast and other treatments classified as specialist or shared care by local Area Prescribing Committees.