bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostate carcinoma and green tea: (−)epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate inhibits inflammation‐triggered MMP‐2 activation and invasion in murine TRAMP model
Authors: Sartor Luigi , Pezzato Elga , Donà Massimo , Dell'Aica Isabella , Calabrese Fiorella , Morini Monica , Albini Adriana , Garbisa Spiridione 
Published: July 2004

AbstractGreen tea infusion has been shown to inhibit metastatic spreading of the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP). Investigation on the molecular mechanisms triggered by the main green tea flavonoid, (−)epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), shows that EGCG restrains TRAMP‐C1 cell proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner, at concentrations (IC50 < 0.2 μM) equivalent to those measured in the plasma of moderate green‐tea drinkers. Up to 10 μM, EGCG does not modify the cell‐surface immuno‐localization of MMP‐2, one of the invasion‐instrumental proteinases; but while in default culture conditions these cells secrete mainly pro‐MMP‐2, in the presence of reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) they release almost exclusively pro‐MMP‐9. In contrast, when stimulated to traverse Matrigel toward a chemo‐attractant, in addition to pro‐MMP‐9, they secrete pro‐MMP‐2. In the presence of 0.2 μM EGCG, only the level of the latter is markedly lowered in the conditioned medium, in parallel with the invasive behavior (>50%). In vivo, s.c. injection of TRAMP‐C1 cells dispersed in Matrigel gives origin to a tumor mass, whose growth is not inhibited by green‐tea regimen. This growth is contained greater than two‐thirds by LPS‐triggered polymorpho‐nuclear phagocyte (PMN) recruitment but this effect is abolished by green tea. Nevertheless, while tumor‐released pro‐MMP‐2 is activated by co‐incubation of TRAMP‐C1 cells with PMNs, in the presence of 10 μM EGCG the activation is almost abolished. These results suggest that inflammatory involvement of prostate carcinoma could be efficaciously prevented by green tea with a concomitant lowering of the invasive potential. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patch antenna with T‐square probe for bandwidth control
Authors: Lee Mike W. K. , Chow Y. Leonard 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe long “stub” of the T‐square probe moves the Smith‐chart locus and thus broadens the band of a patch antenna. The T‐square “handle” then provides the extra control for a specific bandwidth. An equivalent circuit for the patch‐probe assembly is constructed for accurate and convenient design by the ADS software. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 3–7, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20357
Design of a broadband WR‐to‐CPWG millimeter‐wave transition
Authors: Takacs A. , Lillonga D. , Aubert H. , Tao J. W. , Pons P. , Crampagne R. , Plana R. , Cayrou J. Ch. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA rectangular waveguide‐to‐coplanar waveguide (WR‐to‐CPWG) transition is proposed. This original structure cascades two low‐loss transitions: a ridged waveguide‐to‐microstrip line transition and a membrane‐supported microstrip line‐to‐CPWG tapered transition. Electromagnetic simulations indicate that the insertion loss in the Ka‐band is less than 0.5 dB in a 2.5‐GHz bandwidth. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 11–14, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20360
V‐band novel broadband microstrip line‐to‐integrated waveguide transition
Authors: Choi Sung Tae , Yang Ki Seok , Tokuda Kiyohito , Kim Yong Hoon 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA novel wideband design of a microstrip line‐to‐integrated waveguide (IWG) transition is proposed and demonstrated at the V‐band. The transition is implemented by using a quarter wavelength grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) transformer and two short‐circuited slots. The measurements of the back‐to‐back connected transitions show an insertion loss of 0.7 dB and a return loss better than 15 dB with a bandwidth of 50% at 60 GHz. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 21–23, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20362
Guided‐wave microlens array applications to compact 1 × 8 planar waveguide splitters
Authors: Chang Chun‐Wen , Hsieh Wen‐Feng 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA compact 1 × 8 waveguide splitter using a guided‐wave microlens array is presented and analyzed to show low insertion loss and output imbalance of 0.28 and 0.15 dB, respectively. The analysis results show that the proposed equal‐power splitter with insensitive wavelength responses and acceptable fabrication tolerances is applicable for compact and wide‐bandwidth integrated optical devices. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 29–33, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20365
Compact and low‐insertion‐loss dual‐mode patch filter with spur‐lines
Authors: Sung Y. , Kim B. Y. , Ahn C. S. , Kim Y.‐S. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA compact microstrip dual‐mode bandpass filter with inserted spur‐lines at the edge of the patch is proposed. In order to obtain a low insertion loss, the proposed filter has no coupling gaps. Also, it has a size reduction of about 45% at the same resonant frequency as compared conventional dual‐mode bandpass filters. Feed lines with offset are applied to ensure a minimal mismatch. From the measured results, the dual‐mode filter has a 0.58‐dB insertion loss at 1.27 GHz with 12% bandwidth. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 33–34, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20366
Low‐cross‐polarized wideband V‐slot microstrip antenna
Authors: Rafi Gh. Z. , Shafai L. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe performance of a V‐slotted microstrip patch antenna, with and without additional edge slots, is investigated. It is shown that the V‐slotted patch is broadband, but its cross polarization increases with frequency. Placing two additional rectangular slots at the patch edges, parallel to its shorter side, eliminates the problem without affecting the bandwidth. The cross‐polarization becomes independent of frequency. It remains low over a bandwidth, which is wider than the antenna‐impedance bandwidth. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 44–47, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20370
High‐frequency scattering on a semi‐infinite dielectric slab with a rising ground: TM case
Authors: Volski Vladimir , Vandenbosch Guy A. E. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe scattering of electromagnetic fields at the edge of a semi‐infinite dielectric slab on a rising ground is considered. The solution procedure is reduced to the solution of an aperture integral equation (A‐IE) for magnetic currents at the edge in the plane normal to the ground plane. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 52–55, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20373
Estimation of the patch‐array‐coupling model through radiated‐field measurements
Authors: Fernández J. M. , Masa J. L. , Sierra‐Castañer M. , Castellanos D. , Sierra‐Pérez M. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractIn the design process of array antennas, coupling is one of the most important elements to be considered. The real feeding‐radiated coefficients can be quite different from the theoretical ones because of this effect. In this paper, a characterization method is presented that allows each element to be matched from the array. All the parameters of the array‐coupling model are obtained through the measurement of scattering parameters and radiation patterns. Two practical applications for a linear patch array are presented. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 59–64, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20375
DC to 6‐Ghz high‐gain low‐noise GaInp/GaAs HBT direct‐coupled amplifiers with and without emitter‐capacitive peaking
Authors: Meng C. C. , Wu T. H. , Lu S. S. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractHigh‐gain shunt‐series shunt‐shunt wideband amplifiers with and without emitter‐peaking capacitors are demonstrated by using GaInP/GaAs HBT technology. Experimental results show that the power gain is 28 dB from DC to 6 GHz for a wideband amplifier without emitter‐peaking capacitors. On the other hand, a wideband amplifier with emitter‐peaking capacitors can increase the gain bandwidth up to 8 GHz at the cost of lower input/output return loss. Both circuits have similar power and noise performance. The noise figures of both designs are less than 2.8 dB for frequencies below 6 GHz. OP1dB and OIP3 are 7 and 20 dBm at 2 GHz, respectively. Total current consumption is 67 mA at 5‐V supply voltage for both wideband amplifiers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 67–69, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20377
Encapsulation of air‐filled poly(dimethylsiloxane) microballoons in polyimide as a polymeric low ε dielectric
Authors: Tiwari Atul , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Pandey Kailash Nath , Mathur Gyanesh Narain , Nema Suresh Kumar 
Published: July 2004

AbstractAir‐filled microballoons of poly(dimethylsiloxane), ie PDMS, have been encapsulated in polyimide. The molecular assembly so formed has shown surface dominance by PDMS while analytical techniques, such as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy, have confirmed a similar distribution in the bulk. The electrical properties of the resultant polymer have been studied and the relative permittivity has been found to be very low while other beneficial attributes of the polyimide have been retained. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
A molecular gate: control of free intramolecular rotation by application of an external signal
Authors: Annunziata Rita , Benaglia Maurizio , Cinquini Mauro , Raimondi Laura , Cozzi Franco 
Published: July 2004

AbstractControl of internal movement in a conformationally free pentiptycene derivative is achieved by complexation of two phenanthroline units by copper(I) cation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stereochemical studies by molecular palpation
Authors: Locci E. , Bartik K. , Segebarth N. , Luhmer M. , Reisse J. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe conformational equilibrium of cyclohexanol was investigated by 129Xe NMR spectroscopy. While the classical NMR approach focuses on a carbon or proton atom belonging to the molecule under investigation, in our 129Xe NMR methodology we use the xenon atom as an external spy. Xenon is able to monitor the interconversion between the axial and the equatorial isomers of cyclohexanol. The conformational equilibrium constant was estimated and is in excellent agreement with the values obtained by 1H and 13C NMR. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of free fatty acids in chocolate by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Perret Daniela , Gentili Alessandra , Marchese Stefano , Sergi Manuel , Caporossi Lidia 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThis paper describes a rapid extraction method, based on a matrix solid‐phase dispersion technique using diatomaceous earth as solid support and 50:50 (v/v) chloroform/methanol as extracting solvent, that can determine 11 free fatty acids in chocolate. The extraction procedure is followed by reversed‐phase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) using a normal‐bore (4.6 mm i.d.) C‐18 column and an electrospray interface operating in the negative ion mode. The tandem mass spectra of selected compounds show that charge‐remote fragmentation (CRF) mechanisms are occurring; the intensities of the CRF reactions increase with the carbon number and degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids. Average recoveries, evaluated by the standard addition method, vary between 79–103%, and the estimated quantification limits are less than 153 ng/g. The proposed method has been used to analyse nine chocolate samples from various price ranges, bought from supermarkets. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of an unmanned ground vehicle, bearcat III, theory and practice
Authors: Ghaffari Masoud , Ali Souma M. Alhaj , Murthy Vidyasagar , Liao Xiaoqun , Gaylor Justin , Hall Ernest L. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to describe the design and implementation of an unmanned ground vehicle, called the Bearcat III, named after the University of Cincinnati mascot. The Bearcat III is an electric powered, three‐wheeled vehicle that was designed for the Intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition and has been tested in the contest for 5 years. The dynamic model, control system, and design of the sensory systems are described. For the autonomous challenge line following, obstacle detection and pothole avoidance are required. Line following is accomplished with a dual camera system and video tracker. Obstacle detection is accomplished with either a rotating ultrasound or laser scanner. Pothole detection is implemented with a video frame grabber. For the navigation challenge waypoint following and obstacle detection are required. The waypoint navigation is implemented with a global positioning system. The Bearcat III has provided an educational test bed for not only the contest requirements but also other studies in developing artificial intelligence algorithms such as adaptive learning, creative control, automatic calibration, and internet‐based control. The significance of this effort is in helping engineering and technology students understand the transition from theory to practice. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of amphetamine on [18F]fallypride in vivo binding to D2 receptors in striatal and extrastriatal regions of the primate brain: Single bolus and bolus plus constant infusion studies
Authors: Slifstein Mark , Narendran Raj , Hwang Dah‐Ren , Sudo Yasuhiko , Talbot Peter S. , Huang Yiyun , Laruelle Marc 
Published: July 2004

Abstract[18F]fallypride is a new positron emission tomography (PET) dopamine D2 receptor radiotracer that provides visualization of D2 receptors in both striatal and extrastriatal areas. Here, the vulnerability of [18F]fallypride binding to endogenous dopamine (DA) levels was evaluated by examining the effect of amphetamine on [18F]fallypride binding in striatal and extrastriatal regions. Data were acquired in three male baboons at three different doses of i.v. amphetamine, using two different [18F]fallypride administration protocols (single bolus and bolus plus constant infusion). Scans were performed following a single bolus of [18F]fallypride under control conditions and following 1 mg/kg i.v. amphetamine and with an [18F]fallypride bolus plus constant infusion design under control, 0.5 mg/kg, and 0.3 mg/kg amphetamine i.v. conditions. Significant decreases in [18F]fallypride binding potential were seen in striatum (–49%, –18%, and –14%), thalamus (–25%, –23%, and –14%), and hippocampus (–36%, –24%, and –12%) following 1 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, and 0.3 mg/kg doses of amphetamine, respectively. Additional analyses were performed suggesting that these results were not artifacts of nonreceptor‐related effects such as regional flow changes or partial volume effects. In conclusion, [18F]fallypride binding is vulnerable to endogenous competition by DA in striatum as well as extrastriatal regions, suggesting that this ligand may be suitable for the study presynaptic DA function in striatal and extrastriatal areas. Synapse 54:46–63, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The psychosocial needs of young offenders and adolescents from an inner city area
Authors: Carswell Kenneth , Maughan Barbara , Davis Hilton , Davenport Franscesca , Goddard Nick 
Published: July 2004

AbstractTo date, assessments of the prevalence of mental health problems in young offenders have largely focused on incarcerated samples. This paper describes a quantitative study of a sample of 47 male young offenders under the supervision of an inner city Youth Offending Team. A semi‐structured interview, modified from previous studies, was used to investigate the type and frequency of psychosocial and health problems they experienced. The results were compared with data from a random community sample of 38 male adolescents interviewed in a comparable way. Young offenders reported more psychosocial problems at a statistically significant level (including depression/misery, excessive worry and problematic substance use), as well as higher life‐time rates of head injury, than adolescents in the community sample. Levels of problematic substance use and exposure to head injury continued to differentiate the groups when offenders in custody were removed from the analyses. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research and implications for service delivery.
Differentiation and test anxiety in adolescents
Authors: Peleg‐Popko Ora 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe study tested several propositions about an important construct in Bowen's (Family Therapy in Clinical Practice, Aronson, New York, 1978; Family Evaluation, Norton, New York, 1988) theory of differentiation, using an Israeli sample of adolescents to examine relationships between differentiation of self, family differentiation, test anxiety, trait anxiety and cognitive performance. The main findings were that family differentiation (specifically, adolescents’ relationships with their mothers) was negatively correlated with levels of test and trait anxiety and positively correlated with cognitive performance. All scales of differentiation of self, particularly emotional reactivity and I‐position, were negatively correlated with both types of anxiety. Results suggest that differentiation is a meaningful construct for Israeli adolescents, and that less differentiated adolescents may be at risk for high levels of test anxiety and low levels of cognitive performance. Treatment of test‐anxious adolescents therefore requires consideration of possible difficulties in individuating and differentiating from their families of origin.
Nitric oxide spatial distribution in single cultured hippocampus neurons: investigation by projection of reconstructed 3‐D image and visualization technique
Authors: Yang Yong , Ning Gang‐Min , Kutor John , Hong Di‐Hui , Zhang Mu , Zheng Xiao‐Xiang 
Published: July 2004

AbstractRecent studies have revealed a non‐homogeneous distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in neurons. However, it is not yet clear whether the intracellular distribution of NOS represents the intracellular nitric oxide (NO) distribution. In the present study, software developed in our laboratory was applied to the reconstructed image obtained from confocal slice images in order to project the 3‐D reconstructed images in any direction and to cut the neuron in different sections. This enabled the spatial distribution of NO to be visualized in any direction and section. In single neurons, NO distribution was seen to be heterogeneous. After stimulation with glutamate, the spatial changes in different areas of the neuron were different. These findings are consistent with immunocytochemical data on the intracellular localization of nNOS in hippocampus neurons, and will help to elucidate the specificity of nitric oxide signaling. Finally, the administration of SNAP and l‐NAME was used to examine DAF‐2 distribution in the neurons. The results showed this distribution to be homogenous; therefore, it did not account for the NO distribution results.
Plasma carotenoid concentrations in relation to acute respiratory infections in elderly people
Authors: van der Horst-Graat Judith M. , Kok Frans J. , Schouten Evert G. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA high plasma carotenoid concentration could improve the immune response and result in decreased risk of infectious diseases. However, data on the relationship of plasma carotenoid concentration with acute respiratory infections, which occur frequently in elderly people, are scarce. We investigated, therefore, the relationship of plasma concentrations of six major carotenoids (β-carotene, α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin) with the incidence and severity of acute respiratory infections. Baseline data from an intervention trial were used. Participants were 652 non-institutionalized elderly people (≥60 years old) enrolled via two community-based sampling strategies in the Wageningen area of The Netherlands in 1998–99. Plasma carotenoid concentrations were divided into quartiles, the lowest being the reference. Frequency and severity of episodes during the previous 1 year, i.e. staying in bed, medical consultation and episode-related medication, were self-reported by means of a questionnaire. On average 1·6 episodes per person were recorded. The incidence rate ratio of acute respiratory infections at high β-carotene status was 0·71 (95% CI 0·54–0·92) as compared with the low β-carotene concentration group. No association was observed between β-carotene and illness severity. α-Carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin were not related to incidence or severity of the infections. We conclude that elderly people with a high plasma β-carotene concentration may have a lower occurrence of acute respiratory infections.
Ontologies for Behavior
Authors: Midford Peter E. 
Published: July 2004

Abstract
Summary: Although dozens of biological ontologies have been created and deployed, relatively little attention has been given to using ontologies to represent behavior. Ontologies for two different behavior systems are described here. One ontology was a translation of a published ethogram, and the second was coded from video clips in a comparative study of jumping spider courtship.
Availability: http://mesquiteproject.org/ontology/
CLANS: a Java application for visualizing protein families based on pairwise similarity
Authors: Frickey Tancred , Lupas Andrei 
Published: July 2004

Abstract
Summary: The main source of hypotheses on the structure and function of new proteins is their homology to proteins with known properties. Homologous relationships are typically established through sequence similarity searches, multiple alignments and phylogenetic reconstruction. In cases where the number of potential relationships is large, for example in P-loop NTPases with many thousands of members, alignments and phylogenies become computationally demanding, accumulate errors and lose resolution. In search of a better way to analyze relationships in large sequence datasets we have developed a Java application, CLANS (CLuster ANalysis of Sequences), which uses a version of the Fruchterman–Reingold graph layout algorithm to visualize pairwise sequence similarities in either two-dimensional or three-dimensional space.
Availability: CLANS can be downloaded at http://protevo.eb.tuebingen.mpg.de/download