bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotion recognition and false belief in deaf or hard-of-hearing preschool children
Authors: Akkaya Emrah , Doğan Murat 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine emotion recognition and false belief performances of 4–5-year-old (48–71 months) deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) children. The performances have been assessed using the Turkish Version of the Theory of Mind Task Battery for Children. The DHH children have been continuing schooling in inclusive settings with an auditory-oral approach. The emotion recognition performances of hearing children (n = 100) and DHH (n = 100) children have appeared to be similar. The ANOVA analysis has revealed that the groups do not differ concerning false belief performances between the ages of 4 and 5.5. However, from the age of 5.5, hearing children have performed better than DHH children. According to correlation analysis, parental education has been determined as a remarkable factor in DHH children’s false belief development. The findings point to the need for research across a wide range of ages to better understand the developmental course of false belief in DHH children.
Trans-oesophageal echocardiography-guided implantation of a cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker and successful ablation of the atrioventricular node after TriClip: case report
Authors: Tuohinen Suvi , Aro Aapo , Karvonen Jarkko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Edge-to-edge intervention is the most common trans-catheter procedure performed for isolated severe tricuspid regurgitation in high-surgical-risk patients. However, it creates an obstacle for future right ventricular (RV) procedures such as implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Reports of the management of CIED implantation after tricuspid edge-to-edge therapy are scarce.

Case summary
A 76-year-old woman suffered from severe tricuspid regurgitation with New York Heart Association three symptoms despite optimal medical therapy. After a thorough evaluation, the heart team recommended the TriClip procedure as the treatment of choice. However, 12 months after a successful TriClip procedure, rapid atrial fibrillation needed to be addressed with CIED implantation and atrioventricular (AV) node ablation. Pre-procedural planning included the intended posterior location of the CIED to avoid interference with the implanted clip and future AV node ablation. With an additional left ventricular lead positioned anteriorly to the RV lead, the posterior position of the RV lead was secured. Under peri-procedural trans-oesophageal echocardiography (TEE), the planned procedures were performed successfully.

Discussion
A blind manoeuvring of the RV lead may damage the edge-to-edge tricuspid device. In addition, friction due to an overly close contract between the RV lead and the edge-to-edge device may damage the RV lead. A successful and safe CIED implantation and atrioventricular node ablation can be performed after tricuspid edge-to-edge therapy with careful planning and its precise execution under TEE surveillance.
Clinical features and pregnancy outcomes in women with aortopulmonary window defect: case series
Authors: Sefiyeva Giunai Gahraman , Malishevskaya Diana Sergeevna , Chynybekova Aigul Nasiridinovna , Bautin Andrey Evgenievich , Shadrina Ulyana Mikhailovna , Alekseeva Daria Vladimirovna , Urumova Ekaterina Leonidovna , Irtyuga Olga Borisovna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Aortopulmonary window is a rare congenital heart defect that results in severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), Eisenmenger syndrome, and congestive heart failure in the first months of life. Pregnancy is absolutely contraindicated in the patients with this condition.

Case summary
This paper describes two clinical cases of pregnancy in patients (28 and 20 years old) with aortopulmonary window defect, severe PAH, and Eisenmenger syndrome that ended in preterm delivery by caesarean section. One patient died in the postpartum period due to progression of right ventricular heart failure. The younger patient survived childbirth and the postpartum period; later, she continued therapy at the PAH centre.

Discussion
We describe unusual cases of clinical features in pregnant women with aortopulmonary window defect. Due to the rare occurrence and low survival rate of patients with uncorrected aortopulmonary window defect, descriptions of clinical cases of this defect in adults are very rare. It is very important to note the necessity of observation of these patients in specialized centres by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, due to the high risk of cardiovascular, obstetric complications, and death.
Acoustic ecology of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) between two U.S. offshore wind energy areas
Authors: Holdman A K , Tregenza N , Van Parijs S M , DeAngelis A I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Offshore wind energy is set to develop rapidly in waters off the east coast of the United States. There is considerable overlap between areas proposed for offshore wind development and harbour porpoise habitats in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) and Southern New England waters. Baseline data on the occurrence and foraging activity of porpoises was collected using 10 echolocation-click detectors (F-PODs) from 2020 to 2022. Porpoises were present year-round in the GOM with peak detections in the summer and fall. In line with previous reported distribution patterns, porpoise occurrence in Southern New England was high in fall, winter and spring, but porpoises were largely absent in the summer. One site in the GOM, Mount Desert Rock (MDR), was an anomaly as porpoise detections here were highest in the winter. On average, foraging was identified in 29% of all porpoise detections, with the most foraging occurring at MDR (53%). Results from generalized additive models suggest that time of year, hour of day, lunar illumination, and temperature are significant contributors to porpoise presence and/or foraging effort. European studies show that harbour porpoises exhibit behavioural changes, disruption of foraging and displacement due to wind energy development. Therefore, early identification of areas of importance, mitigating impacts, and monitoring changes is essential for the protection of this species in US waters.
A survey of American residential garden conservation programs
Authors: Fogel Nina S , Zwarun Lara , Schrock Cody D , Camilo Gerardo R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Residential gardens constitute a large percentage of the greenspace in urbanized areas. In aggregate, these gardens can provide a significant amount of habitat if they are managed with the aim of supporting wildlife. Recognizing this, there has been an increase in the number of programs that seek to guide homeowners to reform their landscaping practices to create habitat within their yard. These programs offer certification to participants once they have implemented the suggested criteria, which usually consist of installing native plants, providing habitat elements, and eliminating practices that degrade habitat. We used systematic Google searches to identify 115 such residential garden conservation programs in the United States, with the intention of determining how they differ or are the same across their aims, affiliations, certification criteria, and rigor. Results indicate that programs vary greatly across these measures, making collective evaluation of programs to advance the field of residential conservation difficult. Further, the programs vary in how they connect to enrollees and the community through their social media usage, language on yards signs that are awarded with certification, and support they provide through the certification process. These programs may have the potential to engage a substantial number of homeowners and increase urban habitat in the process, but at this juncture more investigations into their conservation outcomes and their interactions with potential and current enrollees are warranted. We follow our analysis with a self-assessment for managers to consider as they design and improve their program’s conservation potential and outreach.
Follow that Spore! Airborne Inoculum Detection as a Decision Aid
Authors: Thiessen Lindsey D. 
Published: October 2023

Plant disease management requires early intervention, which has traditionally required extensive scouting and surveillance to guide decision-making. Visual inspection, unfortunately, requires conditions for disease symptom expression and expertise in identifying causal organisms and may delay management strategies that prevent losses associated with a given plant pathogen. Advances in spore trap technology and molecular diagnostic technologies provide opportunities for greater confidence in pathogen detection and implementation by scientists, farmers, and regulatory agencies. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
e-GLR Score Predicts Early Graft Loss in Adult Live-Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Pamecha Viniyendra , Patil Nilesh Sadashiv , Gattu Tharun , Kumar Guresh , Pattnaik Bramhadatta , Mohapatra Nihar , Sindwani Gaurav , Choudhury Ashok 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
This study aimed to analyze risk factors and develop a predictive model for early allograft loss due to early graft dysfunction (EGD) in adult live-donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

Methods:
Data of patients who underwent LDLT from 2011 to 2019 were reviewed for EGD, associated factors, and outcomes. A homogeneous group of 387 patients was analyzed: random cohort A (n = 274) for primary analysis and random cohort B (n = 113) for validation.

Results:
Of 274 recipients, 92 (33.6%) developed EGD. The risk of graft loss within 90 days was 29.3% and 7.1% in those with and without EGD, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis determined donor age (P = 0.045), estimated (e) graft weight (P = 0.001), and the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (0.001) as independent predictors of early graft loss due to EGD. Regression coefficients of these factors were employed to formulate the risk model: Predicted (P) early graft loss risk (e-GLR) score = 10 × [(donor age × 0.052) + (e-Graft weight × 1.681) + (MELD × 0.145)] − 8.606 (e-Graft weight = 0, if e-Graft weight ≥640 g and e-Graft weight = 1, and if e-Graft weight < 640 g). Internal cross-validation revealed a high predictive value (C-statistic = 0.858).

Conclusions:
Our novel risk score can efficiently predict early allograft loss following graft dysfunction, which enables donor-recipient matching, evaluation, and prognostication simply and reliably in adult LDLT.
Wide Resection for Pediatric Extremity Vascular Malformation—A Tertiary Hospital’s Experience
Authors: Wong Kenneth P.L. , Tan Tessa W.X. , Chan Lester W.M. , Mahadev Arjandas , Cheng Mathew H.W. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Vascular malformations of the extremities (VM) are common benign lesions that tend to grow throughout the patient’s lifetime. They can cause various issues like pain, swelling, and even limb length discrepancies. Sclerotherapy was the preferred treatment choice in previous studies. However, sclerotherapy and many other treatments have the potential to result in higher recurrence rates. Surgical treatment has been shown to be effective and safe in many cases. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the suitability of wide resection surgery for VM to reduce recurrence.

Methods:
Fort-seven VM cases that underwent wide resection were identified retrospectively in the institution of study. Demographics, depth of malformation, whether malformations were local or diffuse, location and size of malformations, and histology records were taken note of. Records of recurrence and postoperative function were also gathered. We utilized self-reported questionnaires, QuickDASH and Lower Extremity Functional Scale, to determine patients’ postsurgical physical function.

Results:
Out of 47 cases that underwent wide resection, we found a recurrence rate of 2.1%. No patients sustained any loss of function postsurgery, with few patients experiencing minor complications like tenderness, hypertrophic scars/keloids, as well as numbness. Good functionality posttreatment was also seen through self-reported questionnaires, with an average score of 2.12 for QuickDASH and 99.96% for LEFS.

Conclusion:
Where margins can be obtained without functional impairment, surgical-wide resection for VM is a viable treatment option to minimize recurrence.

Level of Evidence:
Level—IV.
Rate and Duration of Bone Union for Conservative Treatment in Pediatric Lumbar Spondylolysis
Authors: Kuroshima Kohei , Miyazaki Shingo , Hiranaka Yoshiaki , Ryu Masao , Inoue Shinichi , Yurube Takashi , Kakutani Kenichiro , Tadokoro Ko 
Published: October 2023

Study Design.
Retrospective case series.

Objective.
To report the detailed bone fusion rates and duration of treatment in unilateral and bilateral cases of pediatric lumbar spondylolysis (LS).

Summary of Background Data.
Early diagnosis and optimal conservative management for LS are crucial for achieving bony healing without surgery. However, existing research on the conservative treatment of pediatric LS, particularly regarding bone union rates and treatment duration for each stage of bilateral spondylolysis, is limited.

Methods.
We retrospectively analyzed 590 pediatric patients (522 boys and 68 girls) under 18 years of age diagnosed with LS and treated conservatively from 2015 to 2021. The diagnosis was based on computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging findings, with stages classified as very early, early, progressive, or terminal. Patient background, sports history, level and stage of spondylolysis, presence of spina bifida occulta, bone union rate, duration of conservative treatment, and recurrence rate were retrospectively analyzed.

Results.
The overall bone union rate was 81.9%, with a mean conservative treatment duration of 53.7 days. Unilateral LS cases showed decreased bone union rates with stage advancement (very early; 98.2%, early; 96.0%, progressive; 64.3%). Bilateral LS cases with progressive or terminal stage demonstrated low bone union rates (very early/very early; 100%, early/very early; 94.1%, progressive/very early; 66.7%, early/early; 82.9%, progressive/early; 32.3%, progressive/progressive; 23.7%, very early/terminal; 0%, early/terminal; 50.0%, progressive/terminal; 11.1%). The duration of conservative treatment extended as the stage of the main and contralateral lesions progressed, ranging from 39.1 days (very early/none) to 105 days (progressive/terminal). The recurrence rate after bone fusion was 16.6%, with no differences based on lesion stage.

Conclusions.
In this series of 590 patients, conservative treatment yielded high bone union rates for pediatric LS. However, union rates decreased with stage advancement, especially in bilateral cases. These findings provide valuable insights for prognosticating natural history and outcome regarding LS treatment, bone union, and return to activity.
Effect of transarterial chemoembolization as postoperative adjuvant therapy for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Xiang Cailing , Shen Xianbo , Zeng Xinxin , Zhang Yuzhong , Ma Zhongzhi , Zhang Guocan , Song Xin , Huang Tao , Yang Juan 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with microvascular invasion (MVI) is associated with high recurrence rates and poor survival outcomes after surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) on prognosis of intermediate-stage HCC patients with MVI after curative liver resection (LR).

Materials and Methods:
Patients who had intermediate-stage HCC with MVI and underwent curative liver resection between January 2013 to December 2019 at three institutions in China were identified for further analysis. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared between patients treated with and without postoperative TACE by propensity score–matching (PSM).

Results:
A total of 246 intermediate-stage HCC patients with MVI were enrolled, 137 entered into the LR group and 109 entered into the LR+TACE group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year RFS rates were 42.0%, 27.2% and 17.8% in LR+TACE group, and 31.8%, 18.2% and 8.7% in LR group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 81.7%, 47.2% and 26.1% in LR+TACE group, and 67.3%, 35.6% and 18.5% in LR group. Compared with LR alone, LR+TACE was associated with significantly better RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.443; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.089-1.914; P=0.009) and OS (HR, 1.438; 95% CI, 1.049-1.972; P=0.023). No difference was observed with RFS and OS in single TACE and multiple TACE in the matched cohort.

Conclusion:
Postoperative adjuvant TACE could be beneficial for intermediate-stage HCC patients with MVI.
Metal ureteral stents for ureteral stricture: 2 years of experience with 246 cases
Authors: Gao Xiaoshuai , Di Xingpeng , Chen Guo , Wang Wei , Peng Liao , Chen Jixiang , Wei Xin 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Metal ureteral stents (MUS) has gained popularity as an endoscopic treatment alternative for the management of ureteral strictures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of MUS for treating ureteral strictures and to identify any factors that could influence the success of this intervention.

Methods:
This study is a prospective analysis of the efficacy and safety of MUS for treating ureteral strictures in a single-center setting. The study enrolled 246 patients who had been diagnosed with ureteral strictures and had undergone MUS placement between January 2019 and July 2021. The patients were followed up for a duration of 2 years.

Results:
The overall success rate of MUS placement was 71.7%. Furthermore, the success rate of ureteral strictures after kidney transplantation (78.2%) was significantly higher than common ureteral strictures (73.0%) or recurrent ureteral strictures (67.6%). Additionally, post-surgery, there was a considerable reduction in hydronephrosis volume (68.9±96.1 vs. 32.1±48.8 cm3), blood creatinine level (103.7±49.8 vs. 94.4±47.5 mol/L) and urea nitrogen level (6.7±7.2 vs. 5.1±2.4 mmol/L). The study also reported that the rate of adverse events associated with MUS was relatively low, included hematuria (7.9%), pain (6.8%), urinary tract infection (6.4%) and lower urinary tract symptoms (5.3%).

Conclusion:
MUS appear to be a safe and effective treatment option for ureteral strictures, with a high success rate and low complication rate. These results have important implications for the management of ureteral strictures and can help guide clinical decision-making in the selection of treatment options.
Training approaches and devices utilization during endotracheal intubation in French Emergency Departments: a nationwide survey
Authors: Le Borgne Pierrick , Alamé Karine , Chenou Aline , Hoffmann Anne , Burger Véronique , Kepka Sabrina , Bilbault Pascal , Le Bastard Quentin , Martin Maelle , Lascarrou Jean-Baptiste 
Published: October 2023

Background and importance
Endotracheal intubation is a lifesaving procedure that is reportedly associated to a significant risk of adverse events. Recent trials have reported that the use of videolaryngoscope and of a stylet might limit this risk during emergency intubation.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to provide a national description of intubation practices in French Emergency Departments (EDs).

Settings and participants
We conducted an online nationwide survey by sending an anonymous 37-item questionnaire via e-mail to 629 physicians in French EDs between 2020 and 2022.

Intervention
A single questionnaire was sent to a sole referent physician in each ED.

Outcome measures and analysis
The primary endpoint was to assess the proportion of French EDs in which videolaryngoscopy was available for emergency intubation and its use in routine practice. Secondary endpoints included the presence of local protocol or standard of procedure for intubation, availability of capnography, and routine use of a stylet.

Main results
Of the surveyed EDs, 342 (54.4%) returned the completed questionnaire. A videolaryngoscope was available in 193 (56%) EDs, and direct laryngoscopy without a stylet was majorly used as the primary approach in 280 (82%) EDs. Among the participating EDs, 74% had an established protocol for intubation and 92% provided a capnography device for routine verification of tube position. In cases of difficult intubation, the use of a bougie was recommended in 227 (81%) EDs, and a switch to a videolaryngoscope in 16 (6%) EDs. The most frequently used videolaryngoscope models were McGrath Mac Airtraq (51%), followed by Airtraq (41%), and Glidescope (14%).

Conclusion
In this large French survey, the majority of EDs recommended direct laryngoscopy without stylet, with seldom use of videolaryngoscopy.
Care Bermuda, families of the patients with chronic mental disorders in Iran surrounded by psychosocial problems and needs: a qualitative study
Authors: Lohrasbi Fateme , Maghsoudi Jahangir , Alavi Mousa , Akbar Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

Background:
A mental disorder is characterized by a clinically significant impairment of cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. As a result of the shift in care from medical centers and hospitals to home care, we now see a change in the treatment of patients with chronic mental disorders. Consequently, families have become the main support system in the progressive care of these patients, leading to psychological and social problems. The current qualitative study investigated the social and psychological health needs and problems of family caregivers of patients with chronic mental disorders in Iran’s cultural and social context.

Methods:
This was a content analysis qualitative study. The study was conducted in three psychiatric hospitals in Farabi, Noor, Modares. Purposive sampling was done and continued until data saturation. Semi-structured, face-to-face, and individual interviews were conducted with 49 participants (15 family caregivers of patients with CMD and 34 members of the mental health care team). Data analysis was done using the conventional content analysis method.

Results:
Eight hundred seventy-five primary codes were obtained, which were classified into 10 subcategories and 3 main categories of ʻhealth challenges of caregiverʼ, ʻconfused concept of careʼ and “the need for a coherent support system.

Conclusion:
In Iranian society, after the patient is discharged from the hospital or care center, family members will change their role to the most important caregivers of these patients. The psychological and social health of these caregivers is destroyed because of the problems they have in providing care for their patients and their needs, which are not met.