bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical approach with Laplace transform to the inverse problem of one‐dimensional heat conduction transfer: Application to second and third boundary conditions
Authors: Monde Masanori , Arima Hirofumi , Mitsutake Yuhichi 
Published: December 2002

AbstractAn analytical method using Laplace transformation has been developed for one‐dimensional heat conduction. This method succeeded in explicitly deriving the analytical solution by which the surface temperature for the first kind of boundary condition can be well predicted. The analytical solutions for the surface temperature and heat flux are applied to the second and third of the boundary conditions. These solutions are also found to estimate the corresponding surface conditions with a high degree of accuracy when the surface conditions smoothly change. On the other hand, when these conditions erratically change such as the first derivative of temperature with time, the accuracy of the estimation becomes slightly less than that for a smooth condition. This trend in the estimation is similar irrespective of any kind of boundary condition. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(1): 29–41, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10069
Heat transfer characteristics between inner and outer rings of an angular ball bearing
Authors: Mizuta Keiji , Inoue Takayoshi , Takahashi Yasuro , Huang Shuwei , Ueda Kouji , Omokawa Hidefumi 
Published: December 2002

AbstractHeat transfer between the inner and the outer rings of an angular ball bearing is investigated experimentally and heat transport by balls is analyzed theoretically. The bearing used is lubricated by oil and rotated in the range from 600 to 4000 rpm. Considering heat generation by friction, the net heat flow between the rings is evaluated. The results show that balls are the dominant heat carrier and their conductance depends on rotational speed and thrust force. The other heat transfer route is supposed mainly to be between the rings based on the fact that its heat flow rate depends on the rotational speed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(1): 42–57, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10070
Film boiling heat transfer from a horizontal circular plate facing downward
Authors: Walujastono Djati , Kamiuto Kouichi 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe two‐dimensional, steady, pool film boiling heat transfer from a horizontal circular plate facing downward to a stagnant saturated liquid is studied theoretically. It is assumed that the vapor‐liquid interface is smooth and that radiation can be disregarded. The relevant governing equations for the vapor film are solved for saturated water at atmospheric pressure using an improved two‐equation boundary‐layer integral method. It is shown that the dimensionless temperature profile is affected by the wall superheat ΔTsat and that the ratio of Nu to X0.2 is an increasing function of ΔTsat. Here, Nu represents the mean Nusselt number and X the film‐boiling Rayleigh number. In addition, it is revealed that the one‐equation boundary‐layer integral method developed by Nishio and colleagues is fairly accurate in predicting the film thickness, the representative radial velocity, and the mean Nusselt number. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(1): 72–84, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10071
Influence of Lewis number on double‐diffusive convection in a square cavity filled with binary gas
Authors: Nishimura Tatsuo , Morega Alexandru M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThis paper presents double‐diffusive convection in a square cavity filled with binary gas, due to horizontal opposing temperature and concentration gradients. The effect of Lewis number was considered under the conditions of Prandtl number Pr = 1, buoyancy ratio N = 1, and thermal Rayleigh number RaT = 104 and 105. Numerical solutions are obtained by a Chebyshev collocation technique with high resolution. Depending on the Lewis number, three kinds of flow structures are identified: symmetric steady flow, asymmetric oscillatory flow, and symmetric oscillatory flow. Oscillatory flow occurs in the regime of thermal dominant flow and it leads to a periodic change between stable and unstable states in species stratification due to the thermo‐solutal interaction. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(1): 85–97, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10073
Laminar heat transfer of gas in a parallel‐plate microchannel with one wall temperature constant and the other adiabatic
Authors: An Gang , Li Jun‐Ming , Wang Bu‐Xuan 
Published: December 2002

AbstractBased on “wall‐adjacent layer” effect, the convective heat transfer for developed laminar flow of gas through parallel‐plate microchannel with one wall temperature constant and the other adiabatic was analyzed theoretically. Considering the change in thermal conductivity and viscosity of gas in the region adjacent to the solid wall, mathematical models were built and the dimensionless temperature distribution and the corresponding heat transfer characteristics were simulated numerically. The results indicate that the laminar heat transfer coefficient is less than that of the larger passages, while the dimensionless temperature is greater than that of the larger passages. Compared with the monotonous boundary conditions, the varied heat transfer coefficient amplitude of mixed boundary condition is lower. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(1): 58–64, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10075
Size effect on two‐phase regime for condensation in micro/mini tubes
Authors: Li Jun‐Ming , Wang Bu‐Xuan 
Published: December 2002

AbstractAnalysis was conducted to predict the influence of tube size on two‐phase flow regimes for flow condensing in mini/micro tubes. According to the importance of the interfacial tension compared to the interfacial stress, the regimes were classified into three kinds: axial symmetrical, semisymmetrical, and asymmetrical. The results indicated that the surface tension of the fluid media obviously affects the flow regimes; for tubes with an inner diameter less than 100 to 600 mm, the flow regimes would be axially symmetrical depending on the media. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(1): 65–71, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10076
Retinoic acid receptor‐alpha as a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chakravarti Nitin , Mathur Meera , Bahadur Sudhir , Shukla Nootan Kumar , Ralhan Ranju 
Published: December 2002

AbstractRetinoids reverse potentially malignant lesions and inhibit the development of second primary tumors in oral cancer patients by binding to nuclear retinoid receptors. Alterations in the expression of retinoid receptor‐alpha are implicated in tumor progression. Herein, we hypothesized that increased expression of RARα protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is associated with a poor clinical outcome and thus may serve as a prognostic factor. Retrospective immunohistochemical analysis of RARα protein expression was carried out in paraffin‐embedded tissue sections from 115 patients with completely resected oral SCCs for whom clinical follow‐up data were available. Increased expression of RARα protein was observed in 67/115 (58%) oral SCCs (weakly positive in 38 patients and strongly positive in 29 patients). Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed that patients with RARα positivity had significantly shorter disease‐free survival time (median time 40 months vs. 86 months, p = 0.0229). Furthermore, disease‐free survival time of the 29 patients with strongly positive RARα was significantly worse than for the 86 patients with weak or undetectable levels of RARα (p = 0.0328). Strong RARα expression in oral SCCs was associated with a significantly worse disease‐free survival, suggesting that RARα may serve as a prognostic indicator of poor clinical outcome. Further studies are warranted to determine its utility in identifying the subset of patients who would benefit from use of retinoids as adjuvant in chemotherapy or chemopreventive approaches. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Viral load as a predictor of the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Schlecht Nicolas F. , Trevisan Andrea , Duarte‐Franco Eliane , Rohan Thomas E. , Ferenczy Alex , Villa Luisa L. , Franco Eduardo L. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractHPV infections are believed to be a necessary cause of cervical cancer. Viral burden, as a surrogate indicator for persistence, may help predict risk of subsequent SIL. We used results of HPV test and cytology data repeated every 4–6 months in 2,081 women participating in a longitudinal study of the natural history of HPV infection and cervical neoplasia in São Paulo, Brazil. Using the MY09/11 PCR protocol, 473 women were positive for HPV DNA during the first 2 visits. We retested all positive specimens by a quantitative, low‐stringency PCR method to measure viral burden in cervical cells. Mean viral loads and 95% CIs were calculated using log‐transformed data. RRs and 95% CIs of incident SIL were calculated by proportional hazards models, adjusting for age and HPV oncogenicity. The risk of incident lesions increased with viral load at enrollment. The mean number of viral copies/cell at enrollment was 2.6 for women with no incident lesions and increased (trend p = 0.003) to 15.1 for women developing 3 or more SIL events over 6 years of follow‐up. Compared to those with <1 copy per cell in specimens tested during the first 2 visits, RRs for incident SIL increased from 1.9 (95% CI 0.8–4.2) for those with 1–10 copies/cell to 4.5 (95% CI 1.9–10.7) for those with >1,000 copies/cell. The equivalent RR of HSIL for >1,000 copies/cell was 2.6 (95% CI 0.5–13.2). Viral burden appears to have an independent effect on SIL incidence. Measurement of viral load, as a surrogate for HPV persistence, may identify women at risk of developing cervical cancer precursors. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Angiopoietin‐2 expression in breast cancer correlates with lymph node invasion and short survival
Authors: Sfiligoi Christian , de Luca Annarita , Cascone Ilaria , Sorbello Valentina , Fuso Luca , Ponzone Riccardo , Biglia Nicoletta , Audero Enrica , Arisio Riccardo , Bussolino Federico , Sismondi Piero , De Bortoli Michele 
Published: December 2002

AbstractAngiogenic factors produced by tumor cells are essential for tumor growth and metastasis. In our study, the expression of Angiopoietin‐1 (ANG1) and Angiopoietin‐2 (ANG2) mRNA in archival human breast cancer tumor samples and in 6 breast cancer cell lines was investigated. Total RNA from biopsies of 38 breast cancer patients was extracted and ANG1 and ANG2 mRNA expression was measured by means of quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR (Taqman®). Matching data with available clinicopathologic and biochemical data revealed a significant association between ANG2 expression and axillary lymph node invasion. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis, by means of Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox's proportional hazards model, showed significant and independent association between ANG2 mRNA level and both disease‐free (p < 0.0001) and overall survival (p < 0.0003). An important fact is that, notwithstanding the small number of cases examined, this association was confirmed also in the group of lymph node‐negative patients (DFS, p < 0.003; OS, p < 0.020). Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that Ang2 is expressed by both tumor cells and endothelial elements. Expression in tumor cells was confirmed by studying a panel of human breast carcinoma cell lines in culture by RT‐PCR. In ZR75.1 and T47D cells, expression of ANG2 mRNA was increased up to 10‐fold by treatment with estrogen within 24 hr. Although preliminary, these data suggest a possible role of ANG2 as a prognostic factor for primary breast cancer. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of bone marrow‐disseminated breast cancer cells using an RT‐PCR assay of MUC5B mRNA
Authors: Berois Nora , Varangot Mario , Sóñora Cecilia , Zarantonelli Leticia , Pressa Carlos , Laviña Raúl , Rodríguez José Luis , Delgado Fernando , Porchet Nicole , Aubert Jean‐Pierre , Osinaga Eduardo 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe evaluation of disseminated epithelial tumor cells in breast cancer patients has generated considerable interest due to its potential association with disease recurrence. Our work was performed to analyze the usefulness of 5 mucin genes expression (MUC2, MUC3, MUC5B, MUC6 and MUC7), using RT‐PCR assays, to detect disseminated cancer cells in patients with operable breast cancer. The highest frequencies of positive RT‐PCR tests in breast tumor extracts were observed for MUC5B (7/15) and MUC7 (5/12). The best specificity, negative results on all peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMN) cell samples from healthy donors, were shown for MUC2, MUC5B and MUC6 RT‐PCR assays. Thus, we selected MUC5B as a target gene for further evaluation. Using a nested RT‐PCR, MUC5B mRNA transcripts were detected in 16/31 primary breast tumors (but not in 36 samples of normal PBMN cells) and in the human MCF‐7 breast cancer cell line but not in BT20, MDA, T47D and ZR‐75 breast cancer cell lines, indicating that MUC5B mRNA is expressed in a population of breast cancer cells. Using this method, 9/46 patients (19.5%) who underwent curative surgery showed positive MUC5B mRNA in bone marrow aspirates obtained prior to surgery, including 5/24 patients (20.8%) with stage I or II breast cancer, without histopathologic lymph node involvement. These results indicate that MUC5B mRNA could be a specific marker applicable to the molecular diagnosis of breast cancer cell dissemination. A comparative evaluation between MUC5B mRNA, cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA in all bone marrow aspirates suggests a putative complementation for molecular detection of disseminated carcinoma cells. Considering that breast cancer is characterized by a great phenotypic heterogeneity, the use of multimarker approach could contribute to tumor cell detection in bone marrow and blood. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Roles of JNK‐1 and p38 in selective induction of apoptosis by capsaicin in ras‐transformed human breast epithelial cells
Authors: Kang Hye‐Jung , Soh Yunjo , Kim Mi‐Sung , Lee Eun‐Jung , Surh Young‐Joon , Kim Hyeong‐Reh Choi , Kim Seung Hee , Moon Aree 
Published: December 2002

AbstractEfforts have been made to develop a chemoprevention strategy that selectively triggers apoptosis in malignant cancer cells. Previous studies showed that capsaicin, the major pungent ingredient of red pepper, had differential effect between normal and transformed cells. As an approach to unveil the molecular mechanism by which capsaicin selectively induces apoptosis in transformed cells, we investigated the effect of capsaicin in nontransformed and ras‐transformed cells of a common origin: parental (MCF10A) and H‐ras‐transformed (H‐ras MCF10A) human breast epithelial cells. Here, we show that capsaicin selectively induces apoptosis in H‐ras‐transformed cells but not in their normal cell counterparts. The capsaicin‐induced apoptosis, which is dependent on ras transformation, involves the activity of DEVDase (caspase‐3 like). In H‐ras MCF10A cells, capsaicin treatment markedly activated c‐Jun N‐terminal protein kinase (JNK)‐1 and p38 matigen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) while it deactivated extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases (ERKs). The use of kinase inhibitors and overexpression of dominant‐negative forms of MAPKs demonstrated a role of JNK‐1 and p38, but not that of ERKs, in apoptosis induced by capsaicin in H‐ras‐transformed MCF10A cells. Based on the present study, we propose that capsaicin selectively induces apoptosis through modulation of ras‐downstream signaling molecules in ras‐activated MCF10A cells. Taken in conjunction with the fact that uncontrolled ras activation is probably the most common genetic defect in human cancer cells, our finding may be critical to the chemopreventive potential of capsaicin and for developing a strategy to induce tumor cell‐specific apoptosis. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hepatocellular carcinoma among atomic bomb survivors: Significant interaction of radiation with hepatitis C virus infections
Authors: Sharp Gerald B. , Mizuno Terumi , Cologne John B. , Fukuhara Toshiyuki , Fujiwara Saeko , Tokuoka Shoji , Mabuchi Kiyohiko 
Published: December 2002

AbstractWe conducted a nested case‐control study within the cohort of Japanese survivors of the 1945 atomic bombings to study the joint effects of HBV and HCV with radiation on the risk of HCC. Among subjects who received autopsies during 1954–1988, we analyzed archival tissue samples for 238 pathologically confirmed HCC cases and 894 controls who died from diseases other than liver cancer. Using logistic regression and adjusting for potential confounders and other factors, we found a statistically significant, supermultiplicative interaction between A bomb radiation and HCV in the etiology of HCC. Compared to subjects who were negative for HCV and radiation, ORs of HCC for HCV‐positive subjects showed a statistically significant, greater than multiplicative increase for liver irradiation exposures in the second (>0.018–0.186 Sv, p = 0.04) and third (>0.186 Sv, p = 0.05) tertiles of non‐zero radiation exposure but not for first tertile exposure (>0–0.018 Sv, p = 0.86). Limiting analysis to subjects without cirrhosis, HCV‐infected subjects were at 58.0‐fold (95% CI 1.99–∞) increased risk of HCC per Sv of radiation exposure (p = 0.017), a supermultiplicative interaction between radiation and HCV that was not found among subjects with cirrhosis (p = 0.67). We found no evidence of interaction between HBV infection and radiation exposure in the etiology of HCC, regardless of cirrhosis status (p = 0.58). We conclude that among survivors of the nuclear bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, subjects who were both HCV‐positive and radiation‐exposed were at a significantly, supermultiplicatively increased risk of HCC without concurrent cirrhosis. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial and second primary pancreatic cancers: A nationwide epidemiologic study from Sweden
Authors: Hemminki Kari , Li Xinjun 
Published: December 2002

AbstractFamilial risk of pancreatic cancer has been mainly assessed through case‐control studies based on reported but not medically verified cancers in family members. We used the nationwide Swedish Family‐Cancer Database on 10.2 million individuals and 21,000 pancreatic cancers to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pancreatic cancer in 0‐ to 66‐year‐old offspring of parents with pancreatic or other specified tumors. Additionally, SIRs for second primary pancreatic cancers were analyzed after any first neoplasm. SIRs for pancreatic cancer (1.68, 95% CI 1.16–2.35) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (1.73, 95% CI 1.13–2.54) were increased when a parent presented with pancreatic cancer. The risk was not dependent on diagnostic age of offspring or parents. Pancreatic cancer was associated with parental lung, rectal or endometrial cancer and with melanoma. SIRs for pancreatic cancer were 10.01 and 7.96 among offspring who were diagnosed before age 50 years when parents were diagnosed with squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the lung, respectively, before age 60 years. The population‐attributable proportion of familial pancreatic cancer was 1.1%. Risks for second pancreatic cancers were increased in men and women after small intestinal, colon and bladder cancer. The degree of familial clustering for pancreatic cancer and its population‐attributable proportion were lower than the data cited in the literature. Clustering of pancreatic cancer with sites presenting in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer was noted. The strong association of pancreatic and lung cancers is puzzling, and it remains unclear to what extent this represents familial sharing of smoking habits. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Viral load of HPV in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Si Hua Xin , Tsao Sai Wah , Poon Cycles Suet Ping , Wang Li Dong , Wong Yong Chuan , Cheung Annie L.M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractWe previously reported the presence of HPV DNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases from Hong Kong and Sichuan. The role of HPV in the carcinogenesis of ESCC remains unclear, partly due to the large variations in infection rates reported by different studies. While some of these variations may truly reflect different HPV infection rates in ESCC among different geographic regions, differences in sensitivity and specificity of the detection methods used also contribute. In the present study, we used quantitative real‐time PCR to determine the copy numbers of HPV‐16 and HPV‐18 in ESCC from 5 different regions of China with different incidence rates of ESCC. Conforming to our previous reports, HPV infection was detected in 2–22.2% of samples. Infection with HPV‐16 was again shown to be more common than that with HPV‐18 among Chinese ESCC patients. The copy number of HPV‐16 in these ESCC cases ranged from ≤1 to 157 copies/genome equivalent, with 65% of samples harboring fewer than 10 copies/genome equivalent. The median copy number of HPV‐18 was 4.9/genome equivalent. Assays were validated using cervical carcinoma cell lines with known copy numbers of HPV‐16 or HPV‐18. The relatively low HPV copy number and infection rate in ESCC suggest that HPV is unlikely to play as essential a role in the carcinogenesis of ESCC as in cervical cancer. However, with the consistent detection of oncogenic HPVs in ESCC from some regions of China, the possibility of HPV infection being one of the multiple risk factors of ESCC in some geographic areas cannot be excluded. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sonographic diagnosis and successful nonoperative management of sealed perforated duodenal ulcer
Authors: Fujii Yasutomo , Asato Mitsunobu , Taniguchi Nobuyuki , Shigeta Kouichiro , Omoto Kiyoka , Itoh Kouichi , Suzukawa Masayuki 
Published: December 2002

AbstractWe encountered a case of sealed perforated duodenal ulcer in a 75‐year‐old woman with rheumatoid arthritis and chronic renal failure. Abdominal sonography showed a bright linear echo within the thickened anterior wall of the duodenal bulb and the presence of free air at the anterior surface of the liver. We found no signs of direct communication between the duodenal lumen and the peritoneal cavity or any free fluid. On follow‐up sonography performed every 2 days during the first week of the patient's hospitalization, no free fluid was found in the abdomen. The use of sonography to diagnose this patient's sealed perforated duodenal ulcer and to monitor the ulcer for the appearance of free fluid allowed us to provide successful nonsurgical management to this patient. We believe that the use of abdominal sonography in all patients suspected of having a perforated duodenal ulcer may help increase the diagnostic accuracy of this modality and may reduce the need for surgery in such patients. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:55–58, 2003
Isotopic labeling of 2‐desoxoparaherquamide A (PNU‐141962) with deuterium
Authors: Lee Byung H. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractModifications of marcfortine A and paraherquamide A led to the discovery of 2‐desoxoparaherquamide A (PNU‐141962, 3) which is as active as paraherquamide A and has an improved safety profile. In order to do preclinical studies, we wished to synthesize isotope‐labeled PNU‐141962. This account will describe the synthesis of [CD3]‐2‐desoxoparaherquamide A (4). The deuterium product was prepared in anticipation of using a similar synthesis for the preparation of the corresponding 14C‐ and 3H‐labeled products. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.