bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ formed partially disordered phases as earth-abundant Mn-rich cathode materials
Authors: Cai Zijian , Ouyang Bin , Hau Han-Ming , Chen Tina , Giovine Raynald , Koirala Krishna Prasad , Li Linze , Ji Huiwen , Ha Yang , Sun Yingzhi , Huang Jianping , Chen Yu , Wu Vincent , Yang Wanli , Wang Chongmin , Clément Raphaële J. , Lun Zhengyan , Ceder Gerbrand 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEarth-abundant cathode materials are urgently needed to enable scaling of the Li-ion industry to multiply terawatt hours of annual production, necessitating reconsideration of how good cathode materials can be obtained. Irreversible transition metal migration and phase transformations in Li-ion cathodes are typically believed to be detrimental because they may trigger voltage hysteresis, poor kinetics and capacity degradation. Here we challenge this conventional consensus by reporting an unusual phase transformation from disordered Li- and Mn-rich rock salts to a new phase (named δ), which displays partial spinel-like ordering with short coherence length and exhibits high energy density and rate capability. Unlike other Mn-based cathodes, the δ phase exhibits almost no voltage fade upon cycling. We identify the driving force and kinetics of this in situ cathode formation and establish design guidelines for Li- and Mn-rich compositions that combine high energy density, high rate capability and good cyclability, thereby enabling Mn-based energy storage.
No phenotypic or genotypic evidence for a link between sleep duration and brain atrophy
Authors: Fjell Anders M. , Sørensen Øystein , Wang Yunpeng , Amlien Inge K. , Baaré William F. C. , Bartrés-Faz David , Bertram Lars , Boraxbekk Carl-Johan , Brandmaier Andreas M. , Demuth Ilja , Drevon Christian A. , Ebmeier Klaus P. , Ghisletta Paolo , Kievit Rogier , Kühn Simone , Madsen Kathrine Skak , Mowinckel Athanasia M. , Nyberg Lars , Sexton Claire E. , Solé-Padullés Cristina , Vidal-Piñeiro Didac , Wagner Gerd , Watne Leiv Otto , Walhovd Kristine B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractShort sleep is held to cause poorer brain health, but is short sleep associated with higher rates of brain structural decline? Analysing 8,153 longitudinal MRIs from 3,893 healthy adults, we found no evidence for an association between sleep duration and brain atrophy. In contrast, cross-sectional analyses (51,295 observations) showed inverse U-shaped relationships, where a duration of 6.5 (95% confidence interval, (5.7, 7.3)) hours was associated with the thickest cortex and largest volumes relative to intracranial volume. This fits converging evidence from research on mortality, health and cognition that points to roughly seven hours being associated with good health. Genome-wide association analyses suggested that genes associated with longer sleep for below-average sleepers were linked to shorter sleep for above-average sleepers. Mendelian randomization did not yield evidence for causal impacts of sleep on brain structure. The combined results challenge the notion that habitual short sleep causes brain atrophy, suggesting that normal brains promote adequate sleep duration—which is shorter than current recommendations.
Resonant enhancement of photo-induced superconductivity in K3C60
Authors: Rowe E. , Yuan B. , Buzzi M. , Jotzu G. , Zhu Y. , Fechner M. , Först M. , Liu B. , Pontiroli D. , Riccò M. , Cavalleri A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhoto-excitation at terahertz and mid-infrared frequencies has emerged as an effective way to manipulate functionalities in quantum materials, in some cases creating non-equilibrium phases that have no equilibrium analogue. In K3C60, a metastable zero-resistance phase was observed that has optical properties, nonlinear electrical transport and pressure dependencies compatible with non-equilibrium high-temperature superconductivity. Here we demonstrate a two-orders-of-magnitude increase in photo-susceptibility near 10 THz excitation frequency. At these drive frequencies, a metastable superconducting-like phase is observed up to room temperature. The discovery of a dominant frequency scale sheds light on the microscopic mechanism underlying photo-induced superconductivity. It also indicates a path towards steady-state operation, limited at present by the availability of a suitable high-repetition-rate optical source at these frequencies.
Transcriptome profiling of Fraxinus excelsior genotypes infested by emerald ash borer
Authors: Doonan James M. , Kosawang Chatchai , Eisenring Michael , Ladd Tim , Roe Amanda D. , Budde Katharina B. , Jørgensen Hans Jørgen Lyngs , Queloz Valentin , Gossner Martin M. , Nielsen Lene R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEuropean ash,Fraxinus excelsioris facing the double threat of ongoing devastation by the invasive fungal pathogen,Hymenoscyphus fraxineusand the imminent arrival of the non-native emerald ash borer (EAB),Agrilus planipennis. The spread of EAB which is currently moving westwards from European Russia and Ukraine into central Europe, poses an additional substantial threat to European ash,F. excelsior. While the molecular basis for resistance or variation in resistance among European ash genotypes is heavily investigated, comparatively little is known about the molecular ash traits involved in resistance against EAB. In this study we have gathered transcriptomic data from EAB inoculated genotypes ofF. excelsiorthat have previously shown different levels of susceptibility to EAB. Resultant datasets show differential gene expression in susceptible and resistant genotypes in response to EAB infestation. This data will provide important information on the molecular basis of resistance to the EAB and allow the development of management plans to combat a pending threat of a culturally and ecologically important European tree species.
Relationship between vestibular loss and the risk of dementia using the 2002–2019 national insurance service survey in South Korea
Authors: Lim Sung Jin , Son Serhim , Chung Younghan , Kim Sang Yeop , Choi Hangseok , Choi June 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis retrospective cross-sectional study assessed older adults aged between 40 and 80 years, registered in the Korean National Health Insurance Service database from 2002 to 2019 to investigate the association between vestibular loss and the risk of dementia. The population was divided into three groups (general, vestibular loss, and hearing loss). The hazard ratios (HRs) of dementia in the vestibular and hearing loss groups were calculated using national population data. In total, 2,347,610 individuals were identified (general: 2,145,609, vestibular loss: 60,525, hearing loss: 141,476). Mean ages were 53.29 years, 58.26 years, and 58.52 years, respectively. Dementia occurred in 127,081 (IR = 4.91 per 1000 person-years), 7705 (IR = 10.79 per 1000 person-years), and 16,116 (IR = 9.63 per 1000 person-years) patients. The vestibular and hearing loss groups had hazard ratios for dementia of 1.084 (95% CI, 1.059–1.110) and 1.074 (95% CI, 1.056–1.092), respectively, compared with the general group. The results of the current study suggest that vestibular loss increases the risk of developing dementia. Therefore, similar to hearing loss, vestibular loss should be considered a risk factor for dementia, and treatments such as adequate vestibular rehabilitation may reduce this risk.
Reliability constrained dynamic generation expansion planning using honey badger algorithm
Authors: Abou El Ela Adel A. , El-Sehiemy Ragab A. , Shaheen Abdullah M. , Shalaby Ayman S. , Mouafi Mohamed T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGeneration expansion planning (GEP) is a complex, highly constrained, non-linear, discrete and dynamic optimization task aimed at determining the optimum generation technology mix of the best expansion alternative for long-term planning horizon. This paper presents a new framework to study the GEP in a multi-stage horizon with reliability constrained. GEP problem is presented to minimize the capital investment costs, salvage value cost, operation and maintenance, and outage cost under several constraints over planning horizon. Added to that, the spinning reserve, fuel mix ratio and reliability in terms of Loss of Load Probability are maintained. Moreover, to decrease the GEP problem search space and reduce the computational time, some modifications are proposed such as the Virtual mapping procedure, penalty factor approach, and the modified of intelligent initial population generation. For solving the proposed reliability constrained GEP problem, a novel honey badger algorithm (HBA) is developed. It is a meta-heuristic search algorithm inspired from the intelligent foraging behavior of honey badger to reach its prey. In HBA, the dynamic search behavior of honey badger with digging and honey finding approaches is formulated into exploration and exploitation phases. Added to that, several modern meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are employed which are crow search algorithm, aquila optimizer, bald eagle search and particle swarm optimization. These algorithms are applied, in a comparative manner, for three test case studies for 6-year, 12-year, and 24-year of short- and long-term planning horizon having five types of candidate units. The obtained results by all these proposed algorithms are compared and validated the effectiveness and superiority of the HBA over the other applied algorithms.
Novel acaricidal and growth-regulating activity of Aloe vera and Rheum rhabarbarum extracts and their oil/water nanoemulsions against the camel tick, Hyalomma dromedarii
Authors: Radwan Ibrahim T. , Eltaly Randa I. , Baz Mohamed M. , Yousif Mohamed , Selim Abdelfattah , Taie Hanan A. A. , Manaa Eman A. , Khater Hanem F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHyalomma dromedarii is an important tick species infesting livestock. This work evaluated the novel adulticidal, insect growth-regulating, and enzymatic efficacy of ethanol plant extracts of Aloe vera and Rheum rhabarbarum and their nanoemulsions against males and engorged females of the camel tick, H. dromedarii. The physicochemical properties of nanoemulsions were evaluated. The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyses indicated that the extracts contained polyphenols and flavonoids, which could enhance their acaricidal effect. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) of the nanoemulsions of A. vera and R. rhabarbarum were 196.7 and 291 nm, whereas their zeta potentials were − 29.1 and − 53.1 mV, respectively. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) indicated that nanoemulsions showed a regular spherical shape (less than 100 nm). Fifteen days post-treatment (PT) with 25%, the mortality% of A. vera and R. rhabarbarum were 88.5 and 96.2%, respectively. Five days PT, the median lethal concentration values of A. vera, R. rhabarbarum, and their nanoemulsions were 7.8, 7.1, 2.8, and 1.02%, respectively, and their toxicity indices were 91.02, 100, 36.4, and 100%, respectively. Their median lethal time values PT with 3.5% were 6.09, 5.09, 1.75, and 1.34 days, respectively. Nanoemulsions enhanced the efficacy of the crude extract 1–7 folds, 5 days PT, and accelerated their speed of killing ticks 2–4 times. The total protein and carbohydrates, Acetylcholinesterase, Alpha esterase, and Amylase were affected PT. The reproductive potential of engorged females was adversely impacted. In conclusion, the novel A. vera and R. rhabarbarum extracts were promising acaricides, and their nanoformulations enhanced their efficacies.
Microglial CD300f immune receptor contributes to the maintenance of neuron viability in vitro and after a penetrating brain injury
Authors: Alí-Ruiz Daniela , Vitureira Nathalia , Peluffo Hugo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEmerging evidences suggest that immune receptors participate in diverse microglial and macrophage functions by regulating their immunometabolism, inflammatory phenotype and phagocytosis. CD300f, a TREM2-like lipid sensing immune receptor, that integrates activating and inhibitory cell-signalling pathways, modulates inflammation, efferocytosis and microglial metabolic fitness. In particular, CD300f overexpression was described to be neuroprotective after an acute brain injury, suggesting a role for this immune receptor in neurotrophic interactions. Thus, we hypothesised that CD300f modulates neuronal survival through neuron-microglial interactions. In order to study its biological function, we used in vitro and in vivo approaches, CD300f−/− animals and rCD300f-Fc, a fusion protein that interrupts the endogen interaction between CD300f receptor-ligands. In hippocampal cocultures containing neurons and mixed glia, we observed that rCD300f-Fc, but not control IgGs induced neuronal death. In accordance, in vivo studies performed by injecting rCD300f-Fc or control IgGs into rat or WT or CD300 KO mice neocortex, showed an increased lesioned area after a penetrating brain injury. Interestingly, this neuronal death was dependent on glia, and the neurotoxic mechanism did not involve the increase of proinflammatory cytokines, the participation of NMDA receptors or ATP release. However, exogenous addition of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) prevented this process. Taken together, our results suggest that CD300f modulates neuronal survival in vitro and after a penetrating brain injury in vivo and that CD300f inhibition alters microglial phenotype generating a neurotoxic microenvironment.
Design and testing of an optical instrument for skin flap monitoring
Authors: Moreno-Oyervides Aldo , Díaz-Ojeda Luis , Bonilla-Manrique Oscar E. , Bonastre-Juliá Jorge , Largo-Aramburu Carlota , Acedo Pablo , Martín-Mateos Pedro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFlap procedures are complex surgical tools widely used in reconstructive surgery. Flap ischemia is one of the most dangerous complications, both during the surgical procedure and during the patient's recovery, which can quickly lead to tissue necrosis (flap loss) with serious medical and psychological consequences. Today, bedside clinical assessment remains the gold standard for flap monitoring, but timely detection of flap ischemia is a difficult and challenging task, so auxiliary techniques are needed to support flap monitoring. Here we present a prototype of a new optical diagnostic tool, based on visible light absorption in diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, for non-invasive, continuous, real-time monitoring of flaps. The proposed approach is assessed by monitoring flap ischemic scenarios induced on pig animal models. The results obtained support that the proposed approach has great potential, not only for prompt detection of ischemia (in seconds), but also for clear differentiation between an arterial occlusion and venous occlusion.
Emissions of ultrafine particles from civil aircraft: dependence upon aircraft type and passenger load
Authors: Stacey Brian , Harrison Roy M. , Pope Francis D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVery high concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFP) were measured at Heathrow Airport London. Exposure to UFP is strongly linked to adverse health effects and guidance for exposure limits has recently been provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). Using 1 s resolution UFP measurements and aircraft GPS data, measurements were assigned to individual aircraft and their operating mode, and this information was used to model UFP emission rates. In all cases, the highest emission rates were associated with departing aircraft, with rates for larger aircraft higher than smaller aircraft. Emission rates per passenger is influenced by the number of passengers carried, especially for arriving aircraft. Calculated emission rates are significantly higher than stated literature values, due to the inclusion of condensable particles in the measurements. These condensable particles are specifically not included in the regulated emission rates. Measured UFP concentrations within the airport boundary (and therefore not accessible to the general public) exceed the WHO guidance, indicating that UFP concentrations outside of the airport boundary could also be of concern. Assessing population exposure close to airports will be of increasing importance in future.
Quantifying the impact of an invasive hornet on Bombus terrestris colonies
Authors: O’Shea-Wheller Thomas A. , Curtis Robin J. , Kennedy Peter J. , Groom Ellen K. J. , Poidatz Juliette , Raffle David S. , Rojas-Nossa Sandra V. , Bartolomé Carolina , Dasilva-Martins Damián , Maside Xulio , Mato Salustiano , Osborne Juliet L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe invasive hornet Vespa velutina nigrithorax is considered a proliferating threat to pollinators in Europe and Asia. While the impact of this species on managed honey bees is well-documented, effects upon other pollinator populations remain poorly understood. Nonetheless, dietary analyses indicate that the hornets consume a diversity of prey, fuelling concerns for at-risk taxa. Here, we quantify the impact of V. velutina upon standardised commercially-reared colonies of the European bumblebee, Bombus terrestris terrestris. Using a landscape-scale experimental design, we deploy colonies across a gradient of local V. velutina densities, utilising automated tracking to non-invasively observe bee and hornet behaviour, and quantify subsequent effects upon colony outcomes. Our results demonstrate that hornets frequently hunt at B. terrestris colonies, being preferentially attracted to those with high foraging traffic, and engaging in repeated—yet entirely unsuccessful—predation attempts at nest entrances. Notably however, we show that B. terrestris colony weights are negatively associated with local V. velutina densities, indicating potential indirect effects upon colony growth. Taken together, these findings provide the first empirical insight into impacts on bumblebees at the colony level, and inform future mitigation efforts for wild and managed pollinators.
ClpP/ClpX deficiency impairs mitochondrial functions and mTORC1 signaling during spermatogenesis
Authors: Guo Chenxi , Xiao Yuan , Gu Jingkai , Zhao Peikun , Hu Zhe , Zheng Jiahuan , Hua Renwu , Hai Zhuo , Su Jiaping , Zhang Jian V. , Yeung William S. B. , Wang Tianren 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCaseinolytic protease proteolytic subunit (ClpP) and caseinolytic protease X (ClpX) are mitochondrial matrix peptidases that activate mitochondrial unfolded protein response to maintain protein homeostasis in the mitochondria. However, the role of ClpP and ClpX in spermatogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated the importance of ClpP/ClpX for meiosis and spermatogenesis with two conditional knockout (cKO) mouse models. We found that ClpP/ClpX deficiency reduced mitochondrial functions and quantity in spermatocytes, affected energy supply during meiosis and attenuated zygotene-pachytene transformation of the male germ cells. The dysregulated spermatocytes finally underwent apoptosis resulting in decreased testicular size and vacuolar structures within the seminiferous tubules. We found mTORC1 pathway was over-activated after deletion of ClpP/ClpX in spermatocytes. Long-term inhibition of the mTORC1 signaling via rapamycin treatment in vivo partially rescue spermatogenesis. The data reveal the critical roles of ClpP and ClpX in regulating meiosis and spermatogenesis.
Synthesis of non-equivalent diamides and amido-esters via Pd-catalysed carbonylation
Authors: Ge Yao , Huang Weiheng , Ahrens Sebastian , Spannenberg Anke , Jackstell Ralf , Beller Matthias 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGiven the widespread use of amides in chemistry and biology, the development of methods for their synthesis remains important. Although the construction of amide bonds has in principle been known since Wöhler’s urea synthesis, the direct and atom-efficient preparation of amides, especially with multiple amido groups, continues to be difficult. To address this challenge, we developed an efficient access to heterobifunctional compounds through linking amines as well as alcohols with specific molecular pincers in the presence of advanced carbonylation catalysts. In detail, we describe the synthesis of non-symmetrical diamides and amido-esters from available propargylic acetates using selective palladium-catalysed diamino- and amino-alkoxy carbonylations. Mechanistic studies and control experiments reveal a cascade process with allenoic amides, allylic amine and dienamide as crucial intermediates. The generality of this protocol is showcased by the highly selective synthesis of >100 heterobifunctional molecules including many pharmaceutically relevant products.
Regulatory T cells in lung disease and transplantation
Authors: Lao Peizhen , Chen Jingyi , Tang Longqian , Zhang Jiwen , Chen Yuxi , Fang Yuyin , Fan Xingliang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPulmonary disease can refer to the disease of the lung itself or the pulmonary manifestations of systemic diseases, which are often connected to the malfunction of the immune system. Regulatory T (Treg) cells have been shown to be important in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing inflammatory damage, including lung diseases. Given the increasing amount of evidence linking Treg cells to various pulmonary conditions, Treg cells might serve as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of lung diseases and potentially promote lung transplant tolerance. The most potent and well-defined Treg cells are Foxp3-expressing CD4+ Treg cells, which contribute to the prevention of autoimmune lung diseases and the promotion of lung transplant rejection. The protective mechanisms of Treg cells in lung disease and transplantation involve multiple immune suppression mechanisms. This review summarizes the development, phenotype and function of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells. Then, we focus on the therapeutic potential of Treg cells in preventing lung disease and limiting lung transplant rejection. Furthermore, we discussed the possibility of Treg cell utilization in clinical applications. This will provide an overview of current research advances in Treg cells and their relevant application in clinics.
A Technique for Computer Assisted Monitoring in the Management of Total Heart-Lung Bypass
Authors: Riley Jeffrey B. 
Published: October 2023

A technique for computer assisted data management during bypass is presented. The data entry requirements and example algorithms are included as well as patient examples.
Information flow parallels the heat, oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer system. A hemodynamic program has been developed for bypass application.
Employing a computing system to aid in monitoring during bypass not only offers the capability of rapid data manipulation but adds variable function and time plotting, alternative record keeping and long-term recall from memory for patient group evaluation or device performance comparison.
Abductor Hallucis Muscle Flap with Rotation Advancement of Skin for Resurfacing of Heel Ulcers in Leprosy Patients
Authors: Prakash Vishwa , Malaviya GN , Husain Sajid 
Published: October 2023

SummaryProvision of durable skin cover for chronic ulcers of the heel is a challenging problem. It is compounded by the absence of sensation in leprosy patients. Abductor hallucis muscle flap with rotation advancement of sole skin has been found to be a satisfactory procedure in the management of heel ulcers in six leprosy patients.