bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and opportunities for statistical power and biomarker identification arising from rhythmic variation in proteomics
Authors: Spick Matt , Isherwood Cheryl M. , Gethings Lee A. , Hughes Christopher J. , Daly Matthew E. , Hassanin Hana , van der Veen Daan R. , Skene Debra J. , Johnston Jonathan D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Time-of-day variation in the molecular profile of biofluids and tissues is a well-described phenomenon, but—especially for proteomics—is rarely considered in terms of the challenges this presents to reproducible biomarker identification. We provide a case study analysis of human circadian and ultradian rhythmicity in proteins, including in the complement and coagulation cascades and apolipoproteins, with PLG, CFAH, ZA2G and ITIH2 demonstrated as rhythmic for the first time. We also show that rhythmicity increases the risk of Type II errors due to the reduction in statistical power from increased variance, and that controlling for rhythmic time-of-day variation improves statistical power and reduces the chances of Type II errors. We recommend that best practice in proteomics study design should account for temporal variation and that time of sampling be reported as part of study metadata. These simple steps can mitigate against both false and missed discoveries, as well as improving reproducibility.
3D medical image segmentation using the serial–parallel convolutional neural network and transformer based on cross‐window self‐attention
Authors: Yu Bin , Zhou Quan , Yuan Li , Liang Huageng , Shcherbakov Pavel , Zhang Xuming 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConvolutional neural network (CNN) with the encoder–decoder structure is popular in medical image segmentation due to its excellent local feature extraction ability but it faces limitations in capturing the global feature. The transformer can extract the global information well but adapting it to small medical datasets is challenging and its computational complexity can be heavy. In this work, a serial and parallel network is proposed for the accurate 3D medical image segmentation by combining CNN and transformer and promoting feature interactions across various semantic levels. The core components of the proposed method include the cross window self‐attention based transformer (CWST) and multi‐scale local enhanced (MLE) modules. The CWST module enhances the global context understanding by partitioning 3D images into non‐overlapping windows and calculating sparse global attention between windows. The MLE module selectively fuses features by computing the voxel attention between different branch features, and uses convolution to strengthen the dense local information. The experiments on the prostate, atrium, and pancreas MR/CT image datasets consistently demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method over six popular segmentation models in both qualitative evaluation and quantitative indexes such as dice similarity coefficient, Intersection over Union, 95% Hausdorff distance and average symmetric surface distance.
A combined aperture‐coupled membrane microstrip patch antenna array
Authors: Wang Zhao‐rui , Wang Nan , Zhang Kai‐lun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA novel lightweight L‐band combined aperture‐coupled microstrip antenna has been proposed for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications. The proposed antenna element is composed of only two membranes. This design innovatively integrates the coupling aperture with the radiating patch, significantly reducing the number of required dielectric layers to achieve a simplified and lightweight structure. The feed line is placed on the front side to facilitate integration with the transmit/receive (T/R) module. Simulation results demonstrate that the antenna element exhibits excellent radiation pattern performance and bandwidth. A passive antenna array utilising polyimide as the dielectric material was fabricated and measured to validate its performance. This array employs a 4‐stage Wilkinson power divider network. Measurements show that S1,1 is below −15 dB in the frequency range from 1.15 to 1.49 GHz, with a maximum efficiency of 72.87%. Additionally, an phased array antenna was fabricated and tested. This array demonstrated stable radiation pattern performance over an azimuthal scan range of and an elevation scan of . This design offers a new option for antenna modules in spaceborne SAR applications.
To label or not? A choice experiment testing whether labelled green bonds matter to retail investors
Authors: Saravade Vasundhara , Weber Olaf , Vitalis Adam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Green bonds are an important sustainable finance tool that can help reorient financial flows and influence public policy in addressing climate action across the global financial markets. However, this market is still in its infancy for the retail investor segment, and it has not been sufficiently examined from a behavioural policy lens. We fill this research gap by examining whether labelling and environmental benefits framing of a green bond can influence retail investor decision-making. By employing 1105 Amazon Mechanical Turk workers across three choice scenarios, we test whether alignment of pro-environmental personal norms or having specific personal traits can have a mediating effect on their green bond preferences. Using a mix of quantitative analyses, we find that most retail investors are influenced by the presence of a ‘green label effect’. For most retail investors, we find that the presence of a green label matters more than the ‘greenness’ of a green bond or the higher financial return of a non-green bond. However, for a very small sub-set of our sample, the alignment of environmental performance-related framing with their pro-environmental personal norms, enables greater investment into enhanced performance green bonds, even at the cost of losing financial returns. Finally, personal traits like individual risk tolerance (high), or previous investment experience with investment products (bonds, stocks), gender (non-binary individuals) and those having employment experience with financial industry, are more likely to invest in a labelled green bond. Our findings have timely implications for sustainable finance public policy, as it relates to regulating the growth of such products through labelling schemes like green taxonomies as well as addressing greenwashing risks through improved regulatory oversight.
Analytic approximation of periodic orbits with renormalization group
Authors: Huang Haoyi , Wang Tianyi , Guo Pengfei , Lan Yueheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The renormalization group analysis has been proposed to eliminate secular terms in perturbation solutions of differential equations and thus expand the domain of their validity. Here we extend the method to treat periodic orbits or limit cycles. Interesting normal forms could be derived through a generalization of the concept 'resonance', which offers nontrivial analytic approximations. Compared with traditional techniques such as multi-scale methods, the current scheme proceeds in a very straightforward and simple way, delivering not only the period and the amplitude but also the transient path to limit cycles. The method is demonstrated with several examples including Duffing oscillator, Van der Pol equation and Lorenz equation. The obtained solutions match well with numerical results as well as those derived by traditional analytic methods.
Poloidal field system and advanced divertor equilibrium configuration design of the EHL-2 spherical torus
Authors: GU 顾 Xiang 翔 , YIN 尹 Gang 刚 , SHI 石 Yuejiang 跃江 , DONG 董 Lili 力立 , WANG 王 Yu 宇 , ZANG 臧 Hong 红 , YANG 杨 Yuanming 圆明 , XIE 谢 Huasheng 华生 , DONG 董 Jiaqi 家齐 , PENG 彭 Yueng-Kay Martin 元凯 , YUAN 袁 Baoshan 保山 , YANG 杨 Qingwei 青巍 , LIANG 梁 Yunfeng 云峰 , SONG 宋 Xianming 显明 , LIU 刘 Minsheng 敏胜 , Team the EHL-2 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The EHL-2 (ENN He-Long 2) spherical torus (ST) project focuses on advancing spherical torus technology to address the unique challenges of p-11B fusion, which demands significantly higher ion temperature and heat flux to the divertor plate compared to traditional deuterium-tritium fusion. With a major radius of 1.05 m and a plasma current of 3 MA, the project aims to evaluate and optimize advanced divertor configurations, specifically the Super-X and X-point target (XPT) divertors. The design incorporates an up-down double-null configuration featuring a conventional inner divertor and an XPT outer divertor to effectively reduce the heat flux. The poloidal field (PF) coil system is meticulously optimized to balance engineering constraints with the flexibility in equilibrium configurations. This design is expected to provide a reference equilibrium configuration for other physics design issues and offer critical insight into heat load management.
The State of Afterness
Authors: Shelleg Assaf 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The State of Afterness traces the cultural histories of contemporary music in Israel since the 1980s. Assembling the networks of composers trained in the post-ideological climate of the 1970s and 1980s and the compositional approaches that recorded the attenuation of territorial nationalism, afterness emerges as the state of being unconditioned by territorialism while opting for previously unavailable temporalities and ethnographies. If earlier the statist subject superseded or subsumed any competing political project, since the 1980s such self-referential acts have been losing their ability to confer homogeneity and project the monologic of national Hebrew culture and its telos. As a result, the composers discussed in this book—Chaya Czernowin, Betty Olivero, Leon Schidlowsky, Josef Bardanashvili, Arik Shapira, and others—do not form a cohesive group of any kind, yet they share constituent cultural and historical sensibilities: irrespective of their stylistic penchants they opt for diasporism, but refrain from universalizing Jewish diasporas (as did classic Zionism); they display postmodern patrimonies but eschew their essentialist qualities; they spawn new adjacencies of oral musics from the Levant but huddle an interconnected skein of threads that leads unpredictably from one culture to another; they admonish their country’s ethnocracy and democratic façade; they denationalize Holocaust memorialization; and they narrate the failure of territorial nationalism. In this sense The State of Afterness is a drama still etched in our daily news and contemporary compositional praxis.
Modeling
Authors: Dacey Mike 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter addresses the challenge of modeling: it is very difficult to model cognitive processes in the precise ways that are necessary for the models to make specific predictions that can be tested. As a result, models in comparative psychology are too often verbally expressed and underspecified. The chapter suggests one possible way forward: a more modest interpretation of associative models. This is explained using work on causal reasoning in rats. If we take associative models to provide only abstract, partial descriptions of the process they describe, the models can serve as bridges from cognitive models to data. This can scaffold a process of developing more precise, perhaps mathematical, cognitive models. In general, we should only expect partial descriptions from any one model, and a full understanding of a psychological process will require multiple models of different types.
Integration and Homology
Authors: Dacey Mike 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter addresses the challenge of integrating theory and results across disciplines working on animal minds. In particular, it addresses the underappreciated role that assumptions of homology play in inferences that integrate neuroscience and evolutionary biology into comparative psychology. Two traits in different species are homologous when they are both descended from a single trait in the most recent common ancestor. Cross-species comparisons are often based on the assumption that the traits under discussion are homologous. Claims that psychological capacities are homologous, though, are especially hard to establish. The chapter discusses the pitfalls such inferences face, suggests some ways to avoid them, and calls for greater research into the establishment of homologies that can ground these integrative inferences. It discusses work on emotions in rats and cats as well as chimpanzee mind-reading and evolutionary psychology.
Measuring Consciousness
Authors: Dacey Mike 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter addresses the challenge of measuring consciousness. Consciousness does not seem to fit into the standard scientific picture of the world. As such, it has been largely ignored across scientific and scientifically minded fields. This has begun to change in recent years. Using consciousness in cephalopods as its example, this chapter addresses the “distribution question,” the question of which animals are conscious in the first place. We need measures that can identify conscious animals. However, candidate measures and candidate theories are all still extremely uncertain and contentious. The chapter suggests a way of thinking about measures and their relation to theory which can help the further development of these measures even as we develop theory and attempt to learn which animals are conscious.
The Formation of Procedural Protections in the Western Church of Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages
Authors: Herrmann Francis R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With the legitimation of Christianity in the fourth century, church authorities were empowered to conduct hearings in civil matters and to decide criminal complaints against clerics. In the exercise of its criminal jurisdiction, the church drew on the principles of Roman criminal procedure. Writing and preaching in the fourth century, St Augustine criticized the harshness of secular torture. If a charge could not be proven, and no voluntary confession was offered, then defendants were to be acquitted, even if possibly guilty in fact. In the seventh century, Pope Gregory, drawing once more on Roman legal norms, detailed what constituted a fair ecclesiastical trial.
Defensive Protections in the Western Church of the Ninth Century
Authors: Herrmann Francis R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the ninth century, three sets of ecclesiastical writings set out norms for the trials of clerics. First, drawing on the earlier work of Augustine and Gregory, Hincmar of Rheims produced a tract affirming the need for procedural protections for the accused. Secondly, a group of unknown clerics and monks forged hundreds of documents, attributing them falsely to recognized authorities of the past. These mosaic creations repeatedly emphasized procedural safeguards. The documents were generally accepted as genuine. They would later be received into influential canonical collections and later into the authoritative canon law of the church. Thirdly, popes of the ninth century issued authentic papal pronouncements answering inquiries made to them about proper trial procedure.
Confronting Opposing Witnesses in Sixteenth-Century England
Authors: Herrmann Francis R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The institution of the jury together with the statutes of Magna Carta offered accused persons significant protections against unwarranted prosecutions either by private persons or by the crown. The acquittal rate for defendants appears to have been substantial. Yet, the dearth of evidentiary guidelines for jurors created a risk of unreliable verdicts. No rule or statute required the attendance of accusers or witnesses at trial. Jurors could rest their verdict on whatever evidence they received in court or simply on the basis of their own knowledge obtained extrajudicially. So long as the evidence satisfied their consciences, they could convict. In response to questionable verdicts returned under Henry VIII’s treason prosecutions, parliaments of successor monarchs enacted statutes requiring face-to-face confrontation between defendants and accusing witnesses at treason trials. Judicial interpretation, however, correctly or incorrectly, soon undermined the legislative protections.
Requiring Confessions at Common Law to Be Made Voluntarily
Authors: Herrmann Francis R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
From the early twelfth century onward, English legal authorities indicate that the common law expected confessions of guilt to be made voluntarily. The first legal text in England rejecting confessions made through fear, fraud, or force came from continental sources. Parliaments under Edward VI and successors repeatedly required, at least for treason trials, that a confession was to be made “willingly and without violence.” The King’s Council did not always observe the common law bar on force. Star Chamber procedure, however, required confessions to be voluntary. English legal commentaries, also, rejected the validity of confessions made by moral or physical inducement.
The 1696 Treason Act’s Recognition of Fair Procedures
Authors: Herrmann Francis R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the last quarter of the seventeenth century, a series of politically motivated trials for treason resulted in verdicts that were widely perceived to be unreliable. To remedy the procedural deficiencies that had contributed to the verdicts and to guard against future unfairness, parliament passed a new treason act. It became effective in 1696. The act adopted into law a series of substantial procedural protections.. These guarantees, in effect, addressed complaints that treason defendants commonly raised against limitations judges placed on the ability of the accused to make a full defense. The new act provided for full representation by defense ccounsel, a copy of the indictment in advance of trial, time to prepare a defense, the ability to compel the attendance of witnesses, and testimony of favorable witnesses to be given under oath. The provisions of the act were initially restricted to cases of treason.The act's due process safeguards were later applied to all felony trials.
A mobile interactive cognitive self-assessment scale for screening cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Xie Kexin , Huang Juan , Chen Ting , Li Dan , Xia Tianxinyu , Chu Min , Cui Yue , Tang Mei , Peng Dantao , Wang Jingtong , Liu Jianling , Chen Xiaojuan , Cui Weiwei , Liu Li , Wang Yingtao , Liu Jianbing , Li Fang , Wu Liyong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
A mobile cognition scale for community screening in cognitive impairment with rigorous validation is in paucity. We aimed to develop a digital scale that overcame low education for community screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD.

Methods
A mobile cognitive self-assessment scale (CogSAS) was designed through the Delphi process, which is feasible for the older population with low education. In Phase 1, 518 clinically diagnosed participants were subjected to optimise the items. In Phase 2, the scale was validated in 358 participants with cognitively unimpaired and 396 participants of clinically diagnosed MCI and dementia for reliability, validity and diagnostic accuracy. In Phase 3, specificity and sensitivity were tested for biologically diagnosed participants of 38 with cognitively unimpaired and 45 with MCI and dementia due to AD according to the amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration classification system.

Results
The CogSAS was a three-task mobile scale testing memory and executive function. In Phase 2, the internal consistency was 0.81, and the test–retest reliability was 0.82. The construct validity was 0.74, and the criterion validity was 0.77. The sensitivity and specificity for discriminating clinically diagnosed participants with MCI and dementia from cognitively unimpaired were 0.90 and 0.67, respectively. For discriminating biologically diagnosed MCI and dementia due to AD from cognitively unimpaired, the sensitivity and specificity were 1.00 and 0.78, respectively.

Conclusions
The CogSAS has good reliability, validity and feasibility, showing a high sensitivity and specificity both in the community and the clinic, identifying biologically diagnosed MCI and dementia due to AD.
Utilizing pharmacy technicians for medication adherence patient outreach in an ambulatory care setting
Authors: Carqueville Bradley , Corder Molly M , Wilhoite Jessica 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This publication outlines the development and implementation of a telephone-based adherence call program for pharmacy technicians at Community Health Network (CHNw). This program aims to improve medication adherence rates for contracted Medicare Advantage plans.

Summary
As healthcare systems look for ways to improve patient care, Medicare reimbursement can guide ideas for initiatives. To improve medication adherence rates, the ambulatory care pharmacy team at CHNw developed a telephone-based adherence call system to better improve clinical outcomes and lower overall healthcare utilization and costs. Initially developed as a pharmacy student–driven service, the program has progressed to be run by clinical pharmacy technicians. Once patients are identified as candidates for outreach, the pharmacy technicians contact them to discuss medication adherence and coordinate with their primary care provider and embedded clinic pharmacist to ensure medication accessibility and overcome potential barriers to adherence.

Conclusion
Utilizing pharmacy technicians to complete medication adherence outreach calls has proven to be a success, as evidenced by improvement in star ratings in all 3 CMS medication adherence measures. This has resulted in work off-loaded from the clinical pharmacist, financial gain for the network, and improved medication adherence for patients. With this success, we can financially justify having the technicians on the ambulatory pharmacy team and plan to expand their roles into other pharmacy initiatives soon. This program helps show that expanding the pharmacy technician role may further benefit the healthcare system.
Accessibility in applied linguistics and medicine infographics: A comparative study of rhetorical moves and multimodal features
Authors: Marino Francesca , Kessler Matt 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
An open science movement has been gaining traction within applied linguistics. As part of this movement, one key focus has involved making the work that applied linguists do accessible, with accessibility referring to making research/findings available, non-technical, and meaningful to different stakeholders such as the public and practitioners. One way this has been addressed, both in applied linguistics and other fields, is through leveraging multimodal genres such as infographics to distill complex information and convey it in a concise manner. In this article, we examine the meaning-making strategies employed by researchers in applied linguistics and medicine to further understand how different fields leverage semiotic resources to make information accessible. Specifically, this study compares two corpora of infographics (N = 70) by conducting (1) a rhetorical move analysis, and (2) a Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the semiotic resources that constitute the moves. The findings show both similarities and large differences in the way researchers in applied linguists and medicine convey information. Implications are discussed broadly in terms of accessibility and open science.