bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical design and experimental verification of control system for building material packaging unit based on risk management
Authors: Fang Jiayu , Deng Bin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFacing the shortage of special building materials packaging machinery with thermal insulation and low intelligence, this paper designs a set of mechanical and electrical integration packaging unit control system to reduce the risk of material transportation for different stakeholders. According to risk management tools, the system takes Mitsubishi PLC as the control core and combines with communication module, servo motor drive system and touch screen man–machine interface to realize the risk simulation and automatic control of the packaging unit. The simulation results of PID control model show that the parameters such as speed and torque can be stabilized in a relatively short period of time when the load is suddenly changed within 1.5 s. Theoretical verification of the system has small steady-state error, rapid response, and good control effect. The man–machine interface design was carried out and the actual corresponding test experiment was carried out. The experimental results showed that the overall operation rate of the packaging unit system reached 98.15%, the pass rate was 99.03%, and the production capacity was about 9600 packs/hour, which met the production requirements. The control system of the building material packaging unit designed in this paper realizes the equipment intelligence, has a high degree of automation, and shows good potential application value in the aspects of building information, reduction of construction risks and manufacturing intelligence.
A novel IoT intrusion detection framework using Decisive Red Fox optimization and descriptive back propagated radial basis function models
Authors: Rabie Osama Bassam J. , Selvarajan Shitharth , Hasanin Tawfiq , Alshareef Abdulrhman M. , Yogesh C. K. , Uddin Mueen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is extensively used in modern-day life, such as in smart homes, intelligent transportation, etc. However, the present security measures cannot fully protect the IoT due to its vulnerability to malicious assaults. Intrusion detection can protect IoT devices from the most harmful attacks as a security tool. Nevertheless, the time and detection efficiencies of conventional intrusion detection methods need to be more accurate. The main contribution of this paper is to develop a simple as well as intelligent security framework for protecting IoT from cyber-attacks. For this purpose, a combination of Decisive Red Fox (DRF) Optimization and Descriptive Back Propagated Radial Basis Function (DBRF) classification are developed in the proposed work. The novelty of this work is, a recently developed DRF optimization methodology incorporated with the machine learning algorithm is utilized for maximizing the security level of IoT systems. First, the data preprocessing and normalization operations are performed to generate the balanced IoT dataset for improving the detection accuracy of classification. Then, the DRF optimization algorithm is applied to optimally tune the features required for accurate intrusion detection and classification. It also supports increasing the training speed and reducing the error rate of the classifier. Moreover, the DBRF classification model is deployed to categorize the normal and attacking data flows using optimized features. Here, the proposed DRF-DBRF security model's performance is validated and tested using five different and popular IoT benchmarking datasets. Finally, the results are compared with the previous anomaly detection approaches by using various evaluation parameters.
The effects of anesthetic drug choice on heart rate variability and echocardiography parameters in cats
Authors: Panprom Chattida , Pattanapon Nakrob , Petchdee Soontaree 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHeart rate variability (HRV) is one of the assessments of cardiovascular risk during general anesthesia. This study aimed to assess the effects of an anesthetic drug on HRV in cats and to provide information for clinical applications. Twenty-four healthy client-owned cats of various breeds, 12 females and 12 males scheduled for elective surgery, were enrolled in this study. The cats were premedicated and induced with 4 protocols: protocol 1, diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) and propofol (2–4 mg/kg) IV; protocol 2, diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) and alfaxalone (1–3 mg/kg) IV; protocol 3, diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) and ketamine (3–5 mg/kg) IV; and protocol 4, xylazine (1 mg/kg) and tiletamine/zolazepam (Zoletil) (5 mg/kg) IM. The heart rate and HRV of the 24 cats were collected before and at least 1 h after administering the anesthetic drugs. Echocardiography was performed to evaluate heart function. Oscillometric blood pressure monitoring was used to obtain the mean blood pressure. After anesthetic drug administration, higher heart rates were found in cats premedicated and induced with alfaxalone (p = 0.045) than in the other protocols. The lowest heart rate (HR) values were found in cats in protocol 4 using xylazine and Zoletil. The HRV low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) power ratios increased in all protocols except for cats premedicated and intubated with propofol. The standard deviation of the regular sinus beats (SDNN) was higher in cats premedicated and induced with ketamine than in other anesthetic protocols (p = 0.015). An increase in sympathetic activity and reduced HRV is associated with high blood pressure and left atrial dimension. The percentage of fractional shortening (FS) decreased in cats premedicated with ketamine. The results showed that the anesthesia method using diazepam and propofol caused the least disturbance of HRV compared with other anesthesia methods that were used in this study.
Time-series prediction of settlement deformation in shallow buried tunnels based on EMD-SSA-GRNN model
Authors: Li Tao , Shu Jiajun , Chang Duliang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTunnel settlement deformation monitoring is a complex task and can result in nonlinear dynamic changes. To overcome the disturbances caused by historical data and the difficulty in selecting input parameters during deformation prediction, a decomposition, reconstruction and optimization method for tunnel settlement deformation prediction is proposed. First, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is used to decompose the in-situ monitoring data and reduce the interactions among information at different scales in sequences. Then, the monitoring data are decomposed into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Secondly, the smoothing factor of the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) is optimized by using the sparse search algorithm (SSA). An EMD-SSA-GRNN deformation prediction model is developed using the optimized GRNN algorithm and is used to predict the changes in the decomposed IMFs. Finally, using the measured deformation data from a shallowly buried tunnel along the Kaizhou-Yunyang Highway in Chongqing, China, the reliability and accuracy of different models are analysed. The results show that tunnel settlement deformation exhibited a trend and a slow change in the early stage, a rapid change in the middle stage and a slow change in the late stage, and the rate of change was significantly influenced by the excavation time and the upper and lower geological layers. The prediction accuracy of the EMD-SSA-GRNN model after EMD improved from 19.2 to 59.4% relative to that of the SSA-GRNN and single GRNN models. Moreover, we find that the three error evaluation indicators of the EMD-SSA-GRNN model are lower than those of the other models and that the results of the proposed model and are more strongly correlated with measured data.
Distolingual root prevalence in mandibular first molar and complex root canal morphology in incisors: a CBCT analysis in Indian population
Authors: Sheth Komal , Banga K. S. , Pawar Ajinkya , Wahjuningrum Dian Agustin , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCone-beam computed tomography was used to understand the possible correlation between the prevalence of distolingual root (DLR) in permanent mandibular first molars (MFMs) and the associated complicated mandibular incisor’s root canal morphology (MIs) in an Indian population. A total of 400 scans were evaluated for MFMs and MIs. The prevalence of DLRs and root canal anatomy of MIs were assessed based on Vertucci’s classification, and then the sample were grouped according to age, sex and side. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the possible correlation between the presence of DLRs in the first molar and root canal morphology of incisors. Chi square test was used to evaluate the correlation between the root canal configurations of MIs with the existence of DLRs in MFMs. There was no statistically significant difference between sexes or ages for the prevalence of DLRs in the first molars (p > 0.05), which was 6.62%, with the right side having a greater frequency of DLRs (7.8%) than the left (5.5%). Vertucci Type I canal configuration was most common for the mandibular central (66.75%) and lateral incisors (58.62%). Vertucci Type III was the most common complicated canal morphology, followed by Types V, II, and IV for MIs, with no statistically significant difference in the studied sample's age and sex. (p < 0.05). No association was observed between the presence of DLRs in first molars and complicated root canal configurations in MIs. Taken together, the possibility of complicated root canal configuration in MIs was lesser in the presence of DLRs in MFMs among the Indian population.
Endoscopic healing is associated with a reduced risk of biologic treatment failure in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Komatsu Akira , Toyonaga Takahiko , Sumiyoshi Natsuki , Tanaka Miho , Shibuya Naoki , Saruta Masayuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIncreasing number of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have received biologic treatment during the last decade. The association between endoscopic healing (EH) and biologic treatment failure remains understudied. Medical information of UC patients who started biologic treatment was retrospectively collected. EH was defined as Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0 or 1. Loss of response (LOR)-free drug continuation rate was compared between patients who achieved EH and those who did not using Kaplan–Meier estimator. Fifty-two patients received 53 biologic treatments and underwent follow-up colonoscopies within 2 years. Thirty-three patients achieved EH, all of which remained on the same treatment without LOR during the observational period. Twenty patients did not achieve EH, 8 of which ultimately discontinued the treatment due to LOR to biologic agents. Kaplan–Meier estimator found a significantly lower drug continuation rate in patients without EH (p < 0.001; log-rank test). A Cox regression analysis identified EH as an independent factor associated with a reduced risk of LOR-related biologic treatment failure irrespective of the types of biologic agents (Hazard Ratio = 0.0324, p < 0.001). EH within 2 years is associated with a reduced risk of LOR-related biologic treatment failure in patients with UC.
Improvement in energy performance from the construction of inlet guide vane and diffuser vane geometries in an axial-flow pump
Authors: Nguyen Duc-Anh , Dinh Cong-Truong , Kim Jin-Hyuk 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdvanced inlet guide vane (IGV) and diffuser vane (DV) geometries were constructed in an effort to increase the energy performance of an axial-flow pump at the best efficiency point (BEP). DV setting angles were also investigated to increase energy performance at the off-design points. By integrating the advantages of an adjustable IGV, combinations of adjustable IGV and DV geometries were constructed and thoroughly analyzed by way of energy loss. The asymmetrical geometry of the IGV, upgraded through the use of a hydrofoil profile, resulted in higher hydraulic performance compared to that of the reference model. The efficiency and total head at the BEP increased significantly with the implementation of the new DV, by 1.456% and 5.756% over those of the reference model, respectively. Using the new DV reduced the unsteady turbulent flow behind the trailing edge of the DV under all flow rate conditions, resulting in a reduction in vibration and noise. The positive setting angles of the DV increased the energy performance in the high-flow-rate region, whereas the negative DV setting angles produced a good performance in the low-flow-rate region. Combining an adjustable IGV with an adjustable DV model resulted in a significant increase in the total head, with more optimal energy performance provided by the positive IGV setting angles. At the BEP and under high-flow-rate conditions, the low-velocity zone is closely related to high entropy generation. Furthermore, these high-entropy generation regions follow the trajectory of the low-velocity zones. However, the low-velocity zone is not strongly associated with the high-entropy generation region when operating under low-flow-rate conditions.
Intraoperative margin assessment for basal cell carcinoma with deep learning and histologic tumor mapping to surgical site
Authors: Levy Joshua J , Davis Matthew J , Chacko Rachael S , Davis Michael J , Fu Lucy J , Goel Tarushii , Pamal Akash , Nafi Irfan , Angirekula Abhinav , Suvarna Anish , Vempati Ram , Christensen Brock C , Hayden Matthew S , Vaickus Louis J , LeBoeuf Matthew R 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSuccessful treatment of solid cancers relies on complete surgical excision of the tumor either for definitive treatment or before adjuvant therapy. Intraoperative and postoperative radial sectioning, the most common form of margin assessment, can lead to incomplete excision and increase the risk of recurrence and repeat procedures. Mohs Micrographic Surgery is associated with complete removal of basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma through real-time margin assessment of 100% of the peripheral and deep margins. Real-time assessment in many tumor types is constrained by tissue size, complexity, and specimen processing / assessment time during general anesthesia. We developed an artificial intelligence platform to reduce the tissue preprocessing and histological assessment time through automated grossing recommendations, mapping and orientation of tumor to the surgical specimen. Using basal cell carcinoma as a model system, results demonstrate that this approach can address surgical laboratory efficiency bottlenecks for rapid and complete intraoperative margin assessment.
Computerized cognitive training for memory functions in mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chan Aaron T. C. , Ip Roy T. F. , Tran Joshua Y. S. , Chan Joyce Y. C. , Tsoi Kelvin K. F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDementia is a common medical condition in the ageing population, and cognitive intervention is a non-pharmacologic strategy to improve cognitive functions. This meta-analysis evaluated the benefits of computerized cognitive training (CCT) on memory functions in individuals with MCI or dementia. The study was registered prospectively with PROSPERO under CRD42022363715 and received no funding. The search was conducted on MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO on Sept 19, 2022, and Google Scholar on May 9, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of CCT on memory outcomes in individuals with MCI or dementia. Mean differences and standard deviations of neuropsychological assessment scores were extracted to derive standardized mean differences. Our search identified 10,678 studies, of which 35 studies were included. Among 1489 participants with MCI, CCT showed improvements in verbal memory (SMD (95%CI) = 0.55 (0.35–0.74)), visual memory (0.36 (0.12–0.60)), and working memory (0.37 (0.10–0.64)). Supervised CCT showed improvements in verbal memory (0.72 (0.45–0.98)), visual memory (0.51 (0.22–0.79)), and working memory (0.33 (0.01–0.66)). Unsupervised CCT showed improvement in verbal memory (0.21 (0.04–0.38)) only. Among 371 participants with dementia, CCT showed improvement in verbal memory (0.64 (0.02–1.27)) only. Inconsistency due to heterogeneity (as indicated by I2 values) is observed, which reduces our confidence in MCI outcomes to a moderate level and dementia outcomes to a low level. The results suggest that CCT is efficacious on various memory domains in individuals with MCI. Although the supervised approach showed greater effects, the unsupervised approach can improve verbal memory while allowing users to receive CCT at home without engaging as many healthcare resources.
A diversity of novel type-2 innate lymphoid cell subpopulations revealed during tumour expansion
Authors: Xia Clara Wenjing , Saranchova Iryna , Finkel Pablo L. , Besoiu Stephanie , Munro Lonna , Pfeifer Cheryl G. , Haegert Anne , Lin Yen-Yi , Le Bihan Stéphane , Collins Colin , Jefferies Wilfred A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractType 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) perform vital functions in orchestrating humoral immune responses, facilitating tissue remodelling, and ensuring tissue homeostasis. Additionally, in a role that has garnered considerably less attention, ILC2s can also enhance Th1-related cytolytic T lymphocyte immune responses against tumours. Studies have thus far generally failed to address the mystery of how one ILC2 cell-type can participate in a multiplicity of functions. Here we utilized single cell RNA sequencing analysis to create the first comprehensive atlas of naïve and tumour-associated lung ILC2s and discover multiple unique subtypes of ILC2s equipped with developmental gene programs that become skewed during tumour expansion favouring inflammation, antigen processing, immunological memory and Th1-related anti-tumour CTL responses. The discovery of these new subtypes of ILC2s challenges current paradigms of ILC2 biology and provides an explanation for their diversity of function.
Small, solubilized platinum nanocrystals consist of an ordered core surrounded by mobile surface atoms
Authors: Wietfeldt Henry , Meana-Pañeda Rubén , Machello Chiara , Reboul Cyril F. , Van Cong T. S. , Kim Sungin , Heo Junyoung , Kim Byung Hyo , Kang Sungsu , Ercius Peter , Park Jungwon , Elmlund Hans 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn situ structures of Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) can be determined with graphene liquid cell transmission electron microscopy. Atomic-scale three-dimensional structural information about their physiochemical properties in solution is critical for understanding their chemical function. We here analyze eight atomic-resolution maps of small (<3 nm) colloidal Pt NPs. Their structures are composed of an ordered crystalline core surrounded by surface atoms with comparatively high mobility. 3D reconstructions calculated from cumulative doses of 8500 and 17,000 electrons/pixel, respectively, are characterized in terms of loss of atomic densities and atomic displacements. Less than 5% of the total number of atoms are lost due to dissolution or knock-on damage in five of the structures analyzed, whereas 10–16% are lost in the remaining three. Less than 5% of the atomic positions are displaced due to the increased electron irradiation in all structures. The surface dynamics will play a critical role in the diverse catalytic function of Pt NPs and must be considered in efforts to model Pt NP function computationally.
Universal relaxation of turbulent binary fluids
Authors: Pan Nandita , Banerjee Supratik , Halder Arijit 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTurbulent relaxation is the process of turbulent systems reaching the state of equilibrium, starting upon quenching the turbulence forcing acting on them. Such relaxation in binary fluids is instrumental for both fundamental science understanding and industrial applications, although potential differences in the relaxation of bulk and interface are still to be identified. Using direct numerical simulations of Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations, here we show that the bulk and the interface relax towards different states. However, both the relaxation channels can be accounted for via a universal pathway based on the recently proposed principle of vanishing nonlinear transfers. We find that the bulk of each fluid relaxes differently from the turbulent relaxation of a single hydrodynamic fluid. At the same time, the interface relaxes towards a Helmholtz-like pressure-balanced state. The present methodology can be directly applied to predict the turbulent relaxed states in active binary mixtures as well as other complex fluid systems.
Regulation of the upconversion effect to promote the removal of biofilms on a titanium surface via photoelectrons
Authors: Wang Kai , Tang Yufei , Yao Keyi , Feng Shuqi , Wu Bingfeng , Xiang Lin , Zhou Xuemei 
Published: January 2024

An upconversion effect is employed to fabricate an antibacterial surface that produces high electron density under NIR irradiation, combined with local temperature and reactive oxygen species, can eliminate the biofilm on the surface of titanium.
Multi-instrument observations and tracking of a coronal mass ejection front from low to middle corona
Authors: Stepanyuk Oleg , Kozarev Kamen 
Published: January 2024

The shape and dynamics of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) vary significantly based on the instrument and wavelength used. This has led to significant debate about the proper definitions of CME/shock fronts, pile-up/compression regions, and core observations in projection in optically thin vs. optically thick emission. Here we present an observational analysis of the evolving shape and kinematics of a large-scale CME that occurred on May 7, 2021 on the eastern limb of the Sun as seen from 1 AU. The eruption was observed continuously, consecutively by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) telescope suite on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the ground-based COronal Solar Magnetism Observatory (COSMO) K-coronagraph (K-Cor) on Mauna Loa, and the C2 and C3 telescopes of the Large Angle Solar Coronagraph (LASCO) on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO). We apply the updated multi-instrument version of the recently developed Wavetrack Python suite for automated detection and tracking of coronal eruptive features to evaluate and compare the evolving shape of the CME front as it propagated from the solar surface out to 20 solar radii. Our tool allows tracking features beyond just the leading edge and is an important step towards semi-automatic manufacturing of training sets for training data-driven image segmentation models for solar imaging. Our findings confirm the expected strong connection between EUV waves and CMEs. Our novel, detailed analysis sheds observational light on the details of EUV wave-shock-CME relations that lacking for the gap region between the low and middle corona.