bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Order of Concurrent Training Affects Acute Immunological Stress Responses and Measures of Muscular Fitness in Female Youth Judo Athletes
Authors: Markov Adrian , Bussweiler Jens , Baumert Philipp , Helm Norman , Rex Michael , Behm Sebastian , Krüger Tom , Chaabene Helmi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to examine the acute effects of concurrent muscle strength and sport‐specific endurance exercise order on immunological stress responses, metabolic response, muscular‐fitness, and rating‐of‐perceived‐exertion (RPE) in highly trained youth female judo athletes. Thirteen female participants randomly performed two concurrent training (CT) sessions; strength‐endurance and endurance‐strength. Immune response, metabolic response, muscular fitness (i.e., countermovement jump‐derived force and power [CMJ‐force and CMJ‐power]), and RPE were measured at different time points (i.e., PRE, MID, POST, POST6h, and POST22h). There were significant time × order interactions for lymphocytes (p = 0.006, ES = 1.31), granulocyte–lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.002, ES = 1.56), and systemic inflammation index (p = 0.029, ES = 1.11), blood glucose and lactate (p < 0.001, ES = 2.09 and p = 0.0018, ES = 1.51, respectively), CMJ‐force (p = 0.033, ES = 1.26), and CMJ‐power (p = 0.007, ES = 1.40) as well as RPE (p < 0.001, ES = 2.05). CT‐induced acute (i.e., POST) but not delayed (i.e., POST6h and POST22h) order‐dependent immune cell count alterations in highly trained youth female judo athletes. All markers of the immune system went back to baseline values at POST22h. Metabolic responses were slightly higher following the endurance exercise (irrespective of the applied exercise order). CMJ‐measures and RPE fluctuated during both CT sessions but returned to baseline 6 h post‐exercise.
Mechanical Characterization of Amniotic‐Based Scaffolds Containing Silk Fibroin and Sodium Alginate Nanofibers
Authors: Beheshti Seresht Hassan , Akhlaghi Parisa , Ashouri Sharafshadeh Sina , Aghajanzadeh Mohamad Sadegh , Mehdinavaz Aghdam Rouhollah 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDue to its availability and biocompatibility, the human amniotic membrane (hAM) is being investigated by a large number of researchers with the goal of gaining a better understanding of the materials' mechanical behavior and structural integrity and optimizing them for various Tissue Engineering applications. In this research, biopolymers sodium alginate (SA) and silk fibroin (SF) were electrospun onto a decellularized hAM, resulting in two types of hybrid scaffolds: hAM/SF and hAM/SF/SA. The mechanical characteristics of these nanofibers were then analyzed to guide scaffold optimization for applications using these materials. Two mechanical experiments were conducted; uniaxial tension in both wet and dry configurations, and stress‐relaxation tests. According to the results, the mechanical characteristics of the manufactured materials were significantly different from those of the amniotic membrane, indicating the effect of novel materials. Tensile testing in the dry condition revealed a small variation in stiffness between the amniotic membrane and the new nanofibers. Simultaneously, a significant reduction in maximum tension and stretch was observed in the aforementioned materials compared to amniotic matrices. In addition, tensile testing in a wet configuration indicated that the new nanofibers are stronger and stiffer than amniotic membrane but less stretchy, owing to the improved mechanical properties of SF, which can be considered as the membrane's or tissue's load‐bearer. The addition of SF increases the stiffness and durability of the fabricated scaffold. In addition, when compared to the amniotic membrane, relaxation tests revealed significant differences in peak tension rather than equilibrium state for the novel nanofibers in wet conditions. The results of this investigation will enable us to have a comprehensive grasp of the mechanical properties of freshly created wound dressings.
An Acoustic Scattering Problem for Three Obstacles With Different Boundary Conditions
Authors: Feng Jiuzhi , Guan Yi , Wang JinRong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe consider the direct and inverse time‐harmonic acoustic scattering problem for a mixed scatterer, comprising a penetrable obstacle and two impenetrable obstacles, each with different boundary conditions. In the first section, we focus on the well‐posedness of the direct scattering problem by boundary integral method. In the second section, we prove the mathematical basis of the linear sampling method to reconstruct obstacles and give some numerical examples in the last section.
Role and Mechanisms of the mTOR Signalling Pathway in the Synthesis of Milk Components
Authors: Li RongNuo , Zheng YiNing , Geng HuiJun , Deng Lu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLactose, milk fat, and milk protein are the primary nutritional components of milk. They serve as key indicators for assessing its nutritional value and are closely linked to the economic benefits of the dairy industry. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a crucial role in regulating cellular growth and proliferation by modulating the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides, while concurrently suppressing catabolic processes such as autophagy. This pathway is particularly imperative for ensuring efficient and healthy reproduction in dairy cows and beef cattle. Therefore, the present paper provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms underlying the synthesis of lactose, milk fat, and milk protein, with particular emphasis on the role of the mTOR signalling pathway in regulating milk component synthesis. These findings lay a theoretical basis for further studies into the roles of mTOR and offer valuable insights for enhancing nutritional regulation strategies aimed at improving milk component composition. Importantly, they suggest that targeting the mTOR signalling pathway to promote efficient and healthy farming of dairy cattle may be a potential strategy to boost livestock industry profits.
Harnessing Molecular and Bioactivity Network Analysis to Prioritize Antibacterial Compound Isolation From Ant‐Associated Fungi
Authors: Aguilar‐Colorado Ángel S. , Morales‐Jiménez Jesús , Rivera‐Chávez José 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionAntimicrobial resistance is a global public health problem that requires the development of new bioactive compounds. In this context, metabolomic analyses can expedite the research of fungal metabolites as a valuable resource.ObjectivesTo investigate the metabolic profiles and isolate antibacterial compounds from micromycetes associated with Mexican cloud forest ants by utilizing network analysis of their chemical and bioactivity data.Material and Methods248 fungal strains isolated from six ant's species, soil of their anthills, and soil of the surroundings were evaluated for their in vitro inhibition growth of extensively drug‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae; subsequently, their metabolites were dereplicated and analyzed by molecular networking and compound activity mapping from spectrometric data. Prioritization of some fungi for isolation of their major constituents was performed, and their structures were established by spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis and their bioactivity determined.ResultsFrom the fungal collection, 15 secondary metabolites (1–15) were dereplicated, and 10 compounds (16–25), including the new (E)‐tridec‐7‐ene‐3,5,6,10‐tetraol (25), were isolated from Ascomycetes of Trichoderma, Cladosporium, and Clonostachys genera. Compounds 16–18 stood out for being bioactive. This study is the first report of antibacterial activity against A. baumannii for the tricyclic pyridin‐2‐ones deoxy‐PF1140 (16) and PF1140 (17), with minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 μg/mL.ConclusionNetwork analysis and dereplication proved effective in bioprospecting for antibacterial compounds, offering valuable insights into the chemical diversity of cloud forest soil fungi and their potential applications. Moreover, this study broadens the knowledge of fungal secondary metabolites linked to leafcutter, fire, and warrior ants.
Celastrol Ameliorates Hypoxia‐Induced Pulmonary Hypertension by Regulation of the PDE5‐cGMP‐PKG Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tan Junlan , Cao Xianya , Zheng Runxiu , Xie Silin , Yi Jian , Wang Feiying , Li Xia , Song Lan , Zhang Wen , Fan Jianmin , Qin Li , Dai Aiguo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe pulmonary vascular disease characterized by poor clinical outcomes and limited therapeutic options. Celastrol (CEL), a natural product derived from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has shown therapeutic potential in PH models, although its mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the role of CEL in PH and explore its potential underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the role of CEL in PH and explores its underlying mechanisms. We evaluated the effects of CEL in a chronic hypoxia‐induced PH rat model and hypoxia‐stimulated human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs). Bioinformatics and network pharmacology were employed to identify potential targets and pathways, which were then validated through mechanistic and functional analyses. CEL significantly reduced right ventricular systolic pressure, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in hypoxia‐induced PH rats. It also decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and promoted apoptosis in pulmonary arterioles. Our findings suggest that CEL's therapeutic effects are mediated through the modulation of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and the activation of the cGMP‐PKG signaling pathway. In HPASMCs, CEL treatment mirrored the in vivo results, and PDE5 overexpression negated CEL's antiproliferative, antimigratory, and pro‐apoptotic effects. CEL ameliorates pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular dysfunction in PH, potentially through the PDE5‐cGMP‐PKG signaling pathway. These findings position CEL as a promising candidate for PH therapy.
Photonic Integrated Circuits for Optical Satellite Links: A Review of the Technology Status and Space Effects
Authors: Terrasanta Giulio , Ziarko Marcin Wojciech , Bergamasco Nicola , Poot Menno , Poliak Juraj 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOptical satellite communications provide high‐data rates with compact and power efficient payloads that can solve the bottlenecks of RF technologies. Photonic integrated circuits have the potential to reduce the cost, size, weight, and power consumption of satellite laser communications terminals, by integrating all the required photonic components on a chip. This can be achieved by leveraging on the mature technology for fiber communications. In this article, the technology status of photonic integrated circuits for optical satellite link is reviewed. Different material platforms are compared, with a focus on high‐speed coherent optical communications. The integration of the photonic chip into a communications payload is discussed, together with possible challenges and opportunities. The impact of the space environment, especially the one of radiation, on the performance of the integrated photonic devices is reviewed and discussed.
Wireless Crowd Detection for Smart Overtourism Mitigation
Authors: Santos Tomás Mestre dos , Marinheiro Rui Neto , Abreu Fernando Brito e 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Overtourism occurs when the number of tourists exceeds the carrying capacity of a destination, leading to negative impacts on the environment, culture, and quality of life for residents. By monitoring overtourism, destination managers can identify areas of concern and implement measures to mitigate the negative impacts of tourism while promoting smarter tourism practices. This can help ensure that tourism benefits both visitors and residents while preserving the natural and cultural resources that make these destinations so appealing.
This chapter describes a low-cost approach to monitoring overtourism based on mobile devices’ wireless activity. A flexible architecture was designed for a smart tourism toolkit to be used by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in crowding management solutions, to build better tourism services, improve efficiency and sustainability, and reduce the overwhelming feeling of pressure in critical hotspots.
The crowding sensors count the number of surrounding mobile devices, by detecting trace elements of wireless technologies, mitigating the effect of MAC address randomization. They run detection programs for several technologies, and fingerprinting analysis results are only stored locally in an anonymized database, without infringing privacy rights. After that edge computing, sensors communicate the crowding information to a cloud server, by using a variety of uplink techniques to mitigate local connectivity limitations, something that has been often disregarded in alternative approaches.
Field validation of sensors has been performed on Iscte’s campus. Preliminary results show that these sensors can be deployed in multiple scenarios and provide a diversity of spatiotemporal crowding data that can scaffold tourism overcrowding management strategies.
Smart Environments: Implications forEnvironmental Governance
Authors: Bakker Karen , Ritts Max 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Environmental governance has the potential to be significantly transformed by Smart Environments technologies, e.g., technologies that enabled enhanced environmental monitoring and analytic procedures via combinations of information and communication technologies (ICT), conventional monitoring approaches (e.g., remote sensing), and Internet of Things (IoT) applications (e.g., Environmental Sensor Networks (ESNs)). This chapter offers an update of a 2018 paper that assessed these developments through the term “Smart Earth,” and which likewise engaged the potential implications and pitfalls of new digital technologies for environmental governance. Here, we offer a meta-review of research on what we now call “Smart Environments,” ranging from ecological informatics to the digital humanities. We pair this with a critical perspective on pathways for evolution in environmental governance frameworks, exploring five key Smart Environments issues relevant to environmental governance: data, real-time regulation, predictive management, open source, and citizen sensing. We conclude with suggestions for future research directions and transdisciplinary conversations about environmental governance in a Smart Environments world.
Octopus body language: body patterns of Abdopus capricornicus during social interactions
Authors: Scatà Gabriella , Marshall N. Justin , Chung Wen-Sung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Octopus are well known for their rapidly changing and diverse body patterning achieved through combinations of chromatic, textural, postural and locomotory components. The function of octopus body patterns includes camouflage for prey ambush and predator avoidance, aposematic display to startle intruders and predators, and potentially intraspecific communication. However, as many octopus species are often solitary, body patterning during intraspecific social interactions is largely unexplored. Here we provide the first detailed description of body patterns and the associated components expressed during social interactions of the diurnal reef-dwelling species, Abdopus capricornicus. This is the first study aimed at disentangling the body patterns used for camouflage from those used for communication. This was achieved by staging interactions between octopus pairs under controlled conditions in a bare sand environment devoid of rocks or algae. While most studies on octopus interactions focused on mating behaviour, this study focused on the body patterns expressed during intrasexual (e.g. male-male, female-female) and intersexual interactions. Notably, A. capricornicus shows the richest body patterning repertoire among coastal octopuses studied so far, including 10 body patterns which comprise 27 chromatic, 8 postural and 10 locomotory components. In addition, 18 types of social encounters were identified. Numerous body patterns and components specifically expressed during their interactions were also identified, suggesting that the complexity of the visual stimuli experienced by A. capricornicus, including social cues from their frequent interactions, may contribute to its rich patterning.
Brazilian Amazon Coast is an essential habitat for threatened and evolutionarily distinct sharks and rays
Authors: Feitosa Leonardo Manir , Lessa Rosangela Paula T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite the high proportion of endangered species of elasmobranchs occurring in coastal areas subjected to intense fishing pressure, most of the existing habitat use information applies to pelagic species. Recent research efforts have substantially increased the information available on the habitat use of overlooked and often data deficient species. Here, we use vertebrae microchemistry data to study the habitat use patterns of four species of threatened sharks and two species of stingrays occurring in the Brazilian Amazon Coast (BAC). We obtained vertebrae samples from specimens sold in fish markets along the entire BAC area and analyze element:Ca ratios for four elements: Mg, Mn, Sr, and Ba. Our results demonstrate that most species likely complete their entire life cycle in the same region, with little to no use of freshwater habitats, and sympatric occurrence of neonates, juveniles, and adult life stages. The wingfin stingray, the only benthic-restricted species analyzed, differed substantially from all other species, with strong reliance on estuarine areas. The scalloped hammerhead has the largest variability in chemical trace elements, suggesting the use of habitats with wide variations. American cownose ray, daggernose, shovelbill, and smalleye hammerhead sharks showed strong reliance on the same type of habitat throughout their ontogenetic development. Our findings underscore the importance of the BAC as an Essential Fish Habitat for these species, a critical area for improved fisheries management given the widespread population declines and historical overfishing, and the danger of proposed oil exploration in the area can pose to its elasmobranch populations.
Training verfahrensübergreifender Kompetenzen
Authors: Sell S. , Andersen W. , Berning A. , Strauß B. , Taubner S. 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Interpersonelle Kompetenzen von Therapeut:innen zum Aufbau und zum Erhalt einer therapeutischen Allianz stellen verfahrensübergreifend bedeutsame Konzepte für effektive Psychotherapie dar (Norcross und Lambert 2019). Dennoch mangelt es an evidenzbasierten Methoden, um entsprechende Kompetenzen auszubilden. Als vielversprechende didaktische Mittel gelten Deliberate Practice (DP) und Strukturiertes Feedback (SF), deren Akzeptanz im Kontext der deutschen Psychotherapieausbildung bislang jedoch wenig systematisch untersucht wurde.

Ziel der Arbeit
Es wird eine randomisierte kontrollierte Studie zur Untersuchung der Trainingseffekte von DP und SF auf die Entwicklung interpersoneller Kompetenzen in der Psychotherapieausbildung beschrieben. Ein Fokus liegt auf der Darstellung der Trainings unter Einbezug verfahrensübergreifender Konzepte und erster Ergebnisse der Zufriedenheitserhebung in einer Teilstichprobe.

Material und Methoden
Zur Erhebung der Zufriedenheit beurteilten teilnehmende Psychotherapeut:innen in Ausbildung (n = 42) die Qualität und empfundene Relevanz der Trainings in einem Fragebogen (basierend auf dem Fragebogen zur Patientenzufriedenheit ZUF-8). Gruppenunterschiede wurden mithilfe des t-Tests und der Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) für die Interventionsgruppen, die Verfahrenszugehörigkeit und die Workshopleitung berechnet.

Ergebnisse
Die Zufriedenheit mit dem Seminar war über alle Interventionsgruppen hinweg sehr hoch (Workshop 1: M = 5,22; SD ± 0,59, Workshop 2: M = 4,90; SD ± 0,80). Es zeigten sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede je nach Verfahrenszugehörigkeit der Teilnehmenden (TN) oder der Workshopleitung.

Diskussion
Die Trainings zum praktischen Üben von interpersonellen Kompetenzen werden von TN verschiedener Therapieverfahren mit hoher Zufriedenheit angenommen.
Morphological, anatomical, and bioactive properties of Hypericum scabrum L.: effects on diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, and HDFa fibroblasts and U87-MG cancer cells
Authors: Öner Sena , Kadı Abdulrahim , Tekman Enes , Kararenk Ayşe Cemre , Özer Elif Beyza , Ergin Kübra Nalkıran , Yuca Hafize , Arslan Mehmet Enes , Duman Resul , Şahin Aydan Acar , Pinar Nur Münevver , Atila Alptuğ , Bona Gülnur Ekşi , Karakaya Songül 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cancer are multifactorial diseases with significant health consequences, and their relationship with aging makes them particularly challenging. Epidemiological data suggests that individuals with DM are more susceptible to certain cancers. This study examined the bioactive properties of Hypericum scabrum extracts, including methanol, hexane, and others, focusing on their inhibitory effects on key enzymes associated with DM and neurodegenerative diseases, such as acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. Additionally, the impact of these extracts on human fibroblast (HDFa) and glioblastoma (U87MG) cancer cells was evaluated. The methanol extract was analyzed for elemental composition using ICP-MS, secondary metabolites, and amino acids via LC–MS/MS and underwent morphological and anatomical characterization. The methanol extract demonstrated notable inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of < 1 µg/mL against α-glucosidase, surpassing acarbose in efficacy. The flower essential oil exhibited the highest inhibition (79.95%) of butyrylcholinesterase and the strongest acetylcholinesterase inhibition (21.62%). Elemental analysis revealed high concentrations of Na and K, while quinic acid and proline were identified as major metabolites, with proline concentrations reaching 494.0482 nmol/mL in the aerial part extract. The anticancer assays revealed higher cytotoxicity in U87MG glioblastoma cells compared to HDFa fibroblasts, suggesting potential applications for cancer therapy. The plant grows 20–50 cm tall, with yellow flowers and ovoid-ribbed capsules containing brown, reniform seeds. Its leaves are amphistomatic and ornamented, while stems feature striate cuticles and paracytic stomata. The pollen grains are microreticulate with syncolporate apertures. These results underscore the promising therapeutic potential of H. scabrum in managing DM, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, with its ability to inhibit key enzymes and show selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells.

Graphical abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy as an additional method for the treatment of temporomandibular disorder patients– a narrative review
Authors: Karic Vesna , Penny Clement 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is promising additional therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). In this regard, the purpose of this narrative review is to give a wide-ranging, objective, and judicious view of the current knowledge on PBMT as an additional TMD treatment modality, with summarised updated information. Although the results of most research studies report improvement of pain in TMD patients, some state that sustainability of absence of pain after PBMT of TMD is of concern. There has been a recent surge in research around the application of lasers for the management of TMD. Nonetheless, the scarcity of scientific clinical studies with structured laser parameters makes it difficult to draw a more concrete conclusion whether lasers in the treatment of TMD are more effective than traditional TMD treatments. In conclusion, since PBMT is becoming an additional treatment of choice for the management of TMD there is a need for more research especially involving clinical studies with better structured laser parameters.