bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fault-Tolerant Metric Dimension (FTMD) of M-polynomial of Zigzag Edge Coronoid Fused by Starphene
Authors: Farooq Umar , Chudhary Faryal , Afzal Deeba , Abbas Waseem 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The application of graph invariants serves as a valuable tool for analyzing the complex structures of molecular graphs, attracting researchers across various fields. Graph theory has played a pivotal role in explaining chemical structures and finding practical applications. Representing chemical compounds as graphs enable theoretical exploration and yield meaningful insights. Among graph parameters, metric dimension stands out as a key metric, quantifying the minimum vertices needed for unique identification within a graph. The concept of fault-tolerant metric dimensions extends this idea, considering identification robustness in the face of faulty vertices or edges. This research applies metric dimension and fault-tolerant metric dimension to molecular graphs and networks, with a focus on the unique structural properties of the "M-polynomial of zigzag edge coronoid fused by starphene" molecule. Through graph theory, we deepen our understanding of this compound's intricate molecular architecture.
Mathematics Subject Classification 2023: 05C12
Revealing the therapeutic mechanism of Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata in lung cancer through network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Zhu Dantong , Liang Shiying , Chen Jianjun , Jiang Mingzhe , Li Shun , Ren Xijing , Bu Fanxu , Zheng Zhendong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: Elucidating the therapeutic mechanism of the combination of Hedyotis diffusa and Sculellaria barbata for lung cancer through network pharmacology and molecular docking.
Method: We employed network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to identify effective components and targets using the TCMSP database. Furthermore, relevant lung cancer targets were retrieved from the GEO database. The main targets of Hedyotis diffusa- Sculellaria barbata for lung cancer treatment were visualized using Cytoscape. Cytoscape 3.7.1 and the STRING database platform were utilized to respectively construct the active ingredient-target network map and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of common target proteins. To identify the therapeutic targets of the combination of Hedyotis diffusaand Sculellaria barbata for lung cancer treatment, a topological analysis was performed using cytoNCA, followed by network integration. The molecular targets and genes obtained were subjected to gene ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis. The molecular docking of key action targets and major active ingredients was conducted using the AutoDockTools 1.5.6 software.
Results: A total of 32 bioactive constituents were identified in the medicinal combination of Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata, comprising 7 compounds from Hedyotis diffusa and 25 compounds from Sculellaria barbata. Notably, quercetin, baicalin, flavonoids, and luteolin emerged as key components with significant relevance to lung cancer treatment. The target analysis revealed AKT1, HSP90AA1, SRC, CASP3, and MAPK1 as potential therapeutic targets for lung cancer treatment. The GO enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of 376 biological process-related items, 50 cell composition-related items, and 116 molecular function-related items in the targets. A total of 51 pathways were identified through KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. The molecular docking results confirmed the stable binding of ATK1 to the active ingredients baicalein and luteolin, HSP90AA1 to baicalein and flavonoids, SRC to all four active ingredients, and CASP3 to quicaletin and luteolin.
Conclusion: The treatment of lung cancer with Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata exhibits the characteristics of being multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway, thereby providing a scientific foundation for both basic research and clinical application.
Study on the Permeability Mechanism of Aramid Fiber/Glass Fiber Hybrid Fabrics
Authors: Liang Qirui , Ye Jinrui , Liu Kai , Sun Xiaowei , Yan Bingyue , Bai Yu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aramid fiber-reinforced resin matrix composites exhibit exceptional mechanical and insulating properties, so they are widely used in ultra-high-voltage power transmission applications. Permeability, an inherent property of the fiber fabric, plays a critical role in defect control in aramid fiber composites. Currently, permeability properties of aramid fibers and their hybrid counterparts have not been researched. In this study, the permeability properties of aramid fiber fabrics, glass fiber fabrics, and hybrid fabrics are investigated using digital cameras and pressure sensors. Fabric structure was studied using a combination of three-dimensional ultra-deep microscopes, AFM and SEM, using various hybrid methods. The wettability of materials with different hybridization is evaluated by analyzing the dynamic contact angle and surface free energy. The research results show that the in-plane permeability of aramid/glass fiber hybrid fabrics is 36.19% higher than that of aramid fibers, while the out-of-plane permeability is 16.79% higher. Within the layers, the in-plane permeability of the hybrid fabric with glass fibers increased by 64.97%, while the out-of-plane permeability increased by 30.1%. These results show a positive hybrid effect of the fiber combination, which has higher permeability within the layers than between the layers.
Microwave – assisted catalytic degradation efficiency of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) using magnetically separable magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) nanoparticles
Authors: Zia Jannatun , Rafi Mudassir , Aazam Elham S. , Riaz Ufana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In the present study, we report the green synthesis of novel magnetically separable MgFe2O4 nanoparticles using Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp leafs via combustion method. The MgFe2O4 were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The crystalline structure of MgFe2O4 NPs was confirmed via XRD electron micrograph and TEM showed that the MgFe2O4 NPs were nearly spherical particles with particle size ranging between 5-15 nm. UV-vis DRS study showed the optical band gap of MgFe2O4 NPs was found to be 1.0 eV. Microwaves (MW) assisted degradation of PCM-dolo drug on MgFe2O4 were performed at different operating parameters such as time (0-30 min), drug concentration (PCM-dolo 50 mg/L), initial concentration of MgFe2O4 (0 mg/L -110 mg/L), and microwave power (100W-600W) to obtained the residual absorbance of PCM-dolo on MgFe2O4. Experimental data was used to compute the degradation efficiency of PCM-dolo on MgFe2O4. The enhanced catalytic performance could be ascribed to the production of MW-induced active species, such as holes (h+), superoxide radicals (•O2−) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) in the degradation process. A possible degradation mechanism and pathway was proposed in MW/MgFe2O4 system. Moreover, MgFe2O4 as an eco-friendly catalyst could be easily separated and recycled by a magnet.
Association between time of assessment within a school year and physical fitness of primary school children
Authors: Teich Paula , Golle Kathleen , Kliegl Reinhold 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The dissociation of effects of age, time of assessment and cohort is a well-known challenge in developmental science. We examined effects of time of assessment in the school year on children’s physical fitness using data from 75,362 German third-graders from seven cohorts. Children were tested once either in the first or second school term of third grade. Tests examined cardiorespiratory endurance (6-min run), coordination (star-run), speed (20-m sprint), lower (standing long jump) and upper (ball-push test) limbs muscle power, and flexibility (stand-and-reach test). We estimated the effect of time of assessment using a regression discontinuity design specified in a linear mixed model with random factors child and school and adjusted for age and cohort effects. Coordination, speed, and upper limbs muscle power were better in second compared to first school term, with boys exhibiting a larger increase of upper limbs muscle power than girls. There was no evidence for changes in cardiorespiratory endurance, lower limbs muscle power, and flexibility between assessments. Previously reported age and sex effects as well as secular fitness trends were replicated. Thus, there is evidence for improvement of some physical fitness components beyond age and cohort effects that presumably reflects the benefit of physical education. Effects of assessment time should be taken into consideration in performance-based grading or norm-based selection of children.
Reduced pyrethroid morbidity and resistance of jointly exposed Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes: implications for malaria-lymphatic filariasis co-intervention plans
Authors: Obembe Abiodun , Yahaya Fatima , Oduola Adedayo , Wahedi Jasini , Awolola Samson 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Countries like Nigeria have launched Malaria-Lymphatic Filariasis (Malaria-LF) co-intervention plans by targeting joint Anopheles and Culex mosquito human host-seeking behaviour with synergistic insecticide-based control tools. However, insecticide resistance currently threatens mosquito vector control. This study investigated separate and joint pyrethroid insecticide exposure response of Anopheles gambiae and Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes collected from mixed breeding sites in Ilorin, Nigeria. Adult Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes reared from larval collections were exposed in separate and joint insecticide susceptibility tests to permethrin, deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin using WHO kits. Mosquito molecular identifications and knock down resistance (kdr) mutation detection were carried out. Mosquito knockdown times (kdt), percentage knockdown, and mortality for the different mosquito and exposure types were compared. Both mosquitoes were resistant to all pyrethroid insecticides tested. Significantly higher deltamethrin Anopheles knockdown was recorded compared to Culex for the joint (Anopheles 79–89%, Culex 44–50% P ≤ 0.011) and separate (Anopheles 67–88%, Culex 46–47% P ≤ 0.048) exposures respectively. Time to 95% knock down were shorter by half during separate (2200.9 mins) than in joint (4513.9 mins) Anopheles and Culex mosquito exposures. Faster Anopheles (kdt50 18.7–68.8) than Culex (kdt50 22.1–98.8) knockdown was recorded in separate and joint insecticide exposures. Higher but not significantly different (P ≥ 0.083) mosquito mortalities were recorded from separate (Anopheles 43–77%, Culex 43–72%) than in joint exposures (Anopheles 44–68%, Culex 41–69%). There were no significant (P ≥ 0.072) differences between Anopheles 43–77% and Culex 41–72% mortalities for separate and joint exposures. Anopheles arabiensis (≥ 81.4%), An. gambiae (≥ 10.7%), An. coluzzii (0-1.8%) with different kdr frequencies (44–67%) and Cx. quinquefasciatus without kdr occurrence were identified. The speed of action and morbidity effects of the pyrethroid insecticides tested were lower during joint than in the separate mosquito exposures. Reduced pyrethroid speed of action and morbidity along with multiple mosquito resistance noted could threaten insecticide user-acceptability, performance perception and Malaria-LF co-intervention in the field.
Wild red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) do not participate in SARS- CoV-2 circulation in Poland
Authors: Goll Aleksander , Krupinska Martyna , Nowicka Joanna , Baranowicz Karolina , Rabalski Lukasz , Lass Anna , Gorska Aleksandra , Kant Ravi , Grzybek Maciej 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

(1) Background: Biomonitoring is an essential activity for identifying possible vectors and reservoirs of pathogens and predicting potential outbreaks. Wild red foxes are present in both sylvatic and synanthropic environments, making them potential carriers of zoonotic pathogens. Experimental studies have shown that both coyotes and red foxes can transmit SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in wild red foxes hunted in northern Poland.
(2) Methods: Oral swabs and blood clots were collected from 292 red foxes hunted in northern Poland. We used both molecular (RT-PCR) and serological (IFA) approaches to detect SARS-CoV-2 infections in the sampled animals.
(3) Results: We did not find any evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the collected samples, using both molecular and serological methods.
(4) Conclusions: Despite foxes having frequent contact with humans, human waste, and other animals, they do not appear to participate in the circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in our geographical region. Nevertheless, we believe that continuous biomonitoring should be performed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological situation in the wild.
Clinical, laboratory and ultrasound heterogeneity of Graves’ disease with coexistence of Antinuclear antibodies
Authors: Zhao Xin , Wang Ningning , Wang Jing , Wu Fen , Zhao Shunfeng , Jiang Shihe , Fan Xiaotao , Sun Mengjiao , Song Run , Lan Tian , Zhu Huimin , Jiang Hongwei , Ma Jia , Jia Beibei , Chen Wentao , Chang Haoxiao , Du Ganqin , Jin Wei-Na 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease (GD), which is caused by stimulating thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor autoantibodies (TRAbs). Many observational studies discussed the heterogeneity of other systemic autoimmune diseases with coexistence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), but the relevance between ANA and GD has rarely been reported. Methods This retrospective study was conducted in four medical centers in China. We included 241 patients with GD and correlated their laboratory tests, paraclinical immunological evaluation, ultrasound features, main symptoms, and follow-up outcomes. Results Compared with patients with ANA-negative GD, 44.8% (108) of patients with ANA-positive GD had higher serum IgG, IgA, total cholesterol (TC), FT4, and TRAb levels and lower serum triglyceride (TG) levels, which were correlated with ANA titer. The prevalence of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab), weight loss, and anemia were significantly higher in ANA-positive patients, whereas the incidence of coexisting Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) and hypokalemia were significantly higher in the ANA-negative group. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with TG-Ab, TPO-Ab, anemia, and weight loss had a higher proportion of ANA titer. At ultrasound, TRAb levels were correlated with bilateral thyroid volume, thyroid isthmus length, and total thyroid volume. ANA titer was correlated with length, width, thickness, left thyroid volume, and total thyroid volume. The remission rate of the ANA-positive group was significantly lower than that of the ANA-negative group. Conclusion ANAs were frequent in patients with GD. The coexistence of ANAs in patients with GD showed distinct differences in laboratory tests, clinical manifestations, ultrasound features, and ANA-positive patients more easily develop a severe disease course. Our findings indicated the clinically importantance to screen ANAs in patients with GD.
Neighborhood-Assisted Point Cloud Inference
Authors: ROUABHIA Djaber , HADJADJ Ismail 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research introduces a novel method for efficient 3D reconstruction, focusing on accelerating point cloud inference using silhouettes. Addressing the limitations of traditional reconstruction techniques, this approach streamlines the generation of point clouds by leveraging geometric data from silhouettes and incorporating a neighborhood-assisted algorithm for rapid depth calculation.
The method involves capturing video of rotating objects, extracting silhouettes, and inferring pixel depths to form point clouds. This technique, distinct from conventional stereoscopy and active vision approaches, emphasizes efficiency and simplicity.
Experimental results demonstrate the method's effectiveness in significantly enhancing the speed of point cloud generation without compromising accuracy. The experiments, conducted with a variety of objects, validate the method's precision and temporal efficiency.
This study has broad implications, offering a practical solution for rapid 3D modeling in fields such as virtual reality, cultural heritage, and medical imaging. It marks a significant advancement in 3D reconstruction, providing a foundation for further research aimed at optimizing computational efficiency and integrating with more detailed reconstruction methods.
A modified molecular typing approach for breast cancer based on immunohistochemical staining
Authors: Guo Rui , Li QianQian , Li Dan , Wang Yan , Tian Yi , Huang Xiaozhong , Zhang Shuqun , Yang Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Anti-HER2 antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) have demonstrated positive results in the treatment of breast cancer with HER2 low expression; however, traditional molecular typing does not evaluate HER2 low expression. Therefore, modified methods need to be designed to promote the use of ADCs for breast cancer treatment. This study propose a modified molecular typing approach for breast cancer based on immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 to guide the application of ADCs for the treatment of breast cancer with low HER2 expression.
Methods
According to the classification criteria for the modified molecular typing based only on IHC staining of ER, PR, and HER2 status, 1448 breast cancer specimens were divided into luminal HER2 positive (LH+); luminal HER2 low positive (LH±); luminal HER2 negative (LH−); non-luminal HER2 positive (NLH+); non-luminal HER2 low positive (NLH±); and non luminal HER2 negative (NLH−).
Results
Among 1448 breast cancer specimens: 7.8% (113/1448) were LH+; 51.2% (741/1448) LH±; 16.5% (238/1448) were LH−; 10.4% (151/1448) were NLH+; 7.5% (109/1448) were NLH±; and 6.6% (96/1448) were NLH−. Significant differences were identified in the age at onset, lymphatic metastasis, TNM stage, and Ki67 index among the six molecular types of breast cancer according to the modified molecular typing approach.
Conclusions
Based only on IHC staining of ER, PR, and HER2 status, this study classifies breast tumors with low HER2 expression as an independent molecular subtype and proposes a modified molecular typing approach to divide breast cancer into six types, including luminal HER2+, luminal HER2 low positive, luminal HER2−, non-luminal HER2+, non-luminal HER2 low positive, and non-luminal HER2−. This molecular typing approach not only better distinguishes the molecular and biological characteristics of different molecular types of breast cancer, but it also guides the application of ADCs for breast cancer treatment.
Safe Marriage for Thalassemia Prevention: The Gap Between Knowledge and Practices among Bangladeshi University Students
Authors: Hossain Md. Jubayer , Das Manisha , Akter Mst.Mahfuza , Maruf Md. Fakhrul Islam , Towhid Syeda Tasneem 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate thalassemia awareness and prevention among university students in Bangladesh, with a focus on demographic factors, attitudes, and opinions regarding safe marriage influencing their knowledge and behavior. Key findings showed that 54% of the participants were female, emphasizing the need for targeted educational efforts to address gender disparity. Furthermore, 92% of the participants were unmarried, highlighting the importance of preventive measures for this group. Science students exhibited higher knowledge levels (75%) than non-science students, emphasizing the necessity of extending thalassemia education to various disciplines. While students generally expressed positive attitudes towards thalassemia awareness, reservations about interacting with thalassemic individuals indicated social stigma that requires targeted efforts. There was strong support for both compulsory (85%) and voluntary (62%) screening for thalassemia. Demographic characteristics, including age, sex, residence, institute type, academic year, and economic status, significantly influenced knowledge levels, enabling tailored awareness campaigns. This study revealed the influence of demographic characteristics, disciplinary distinctions, attitudes, and opinions on thalassemia awareness and prevention among university students in Bangladesh. The statistical significance of these factors underscores their impact, and provides a foundation for evidence-based public health initiatives. By leveraging the positive attitudes found, customized interventions can effectively raise awareness, promote prevention, and reduce the burden of thalassemia among this vital demographic.
Integration of Solid-state Anaerobic Digestion and Hydrothermal Carbonization of Elephant Dung for Elephant Sanctuary Waste Management
Authors: Saipa Sasithorn , Charnnok Boonya , Nitayavardhana Saoharit , Reungsang Alissara , Chaiprapat Sumate , Sawatdeenarunat Chayanon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this research was to develop an integrated biorefinery process of solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) for the co-production of methane and hydrochar using elephant dung (ED) as substrate. With a leachate recirculation rate of 4 times/day, the SS-AD presented the highest cumulative methane yield of 83.2 ± 1.7 NmL/g VSadded and VS removal efficiency of 53.9 ± 0.3%. In subsequent HTC, the maximum HHV of 10078.5 ± 288.5 MJ/ton dry wt. was achieved for the digested ED without leachate recirculation under HTC temperature of 170 ºC. In addition, the optimum mass and energy yields were 76.3 ± 0.8% and 84.1 ± 0.3%, respectively. The produced hydrochar had higher HHV compared to the raw digestate. Moreover, the HHV of the hydrochar was higher than and ash content was identical to a conventional coal (lignite). An assessment of a full-scale elephant-sanctuary waste management scheme integrating SS-AD and HTC indicates that more than 10078.5 ± 288.5 MJ of energy and 563.0 ± 5.2 kg dry weight of hydrochar could be recovered per ton dry weight of ED. The proposed waste management platform could lower the energy cost for elephant sanctuary by the produced hydrochar while addressing its environmental issues.
Numerical Investigation of the Mechanical properties of lattice structures inspired from polycrystalline materials
Authors: Liu Yabo , Bai Guangwei , Qu Zhipeng , Xu Xiaochang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this work, polycrystalline-like lattice structures are designed inspired from the geometry of polycrystalline materials. They are generated by filling the periodic lattice structures into the voronoi diagram. Then, finite element analyses of two periodic and eight polycrystalline-like lattice structures are performed to compare their mechanic properties. The numerical results show that polycrystalline-like lattice structures consisting of anisotropic rectangular X-type periodic unit cell are isotropic at the macro scale. And they have higher specific stiffness and specific strength than periodic lattice structures under compression. Then the energy absorption capability are investigated. Four energy absorption indicators (energy absorption, energy absorption per unit volume, specific energy absorption per unit mass, crush stress efficiency and plateau stress) revel that polycrystalline-like lattice structures are better energy absorption structures. Furthermore, the defect sensitivity of struts missing are also discussed. The findings of this work offer a new route of designing novel lattice structures.