bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth and pulp production of eucalyptus trees affected by ceratocystis wilt
Authors: Benso Lucas Antonio , Rangel Amábili Alves , Tiburcio Rafael Augusto Soares , Neto Marlon Michel Antonio Moreira , Sartori Maria Márcia Pereira , Furtado Edson Luiz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCeratocystis wilt is one of the most harmful diseases affecting eucalyptus crops and is associated with species of the complex Ceratocystis fimbriata sensu lato. This pathology leads to the obstruction of the vascular system in infected trees, resulting in symptoms such as branch wilting and death. The wood affected by the pathogen exhibits discolouration and changes in its chemical composition, which can impact the pulping process. Therefore, the objective of this work is to investigate the impact of ceratocystis wilt on growth and the pulping process when sampling whole diseased trees. For this, healthy and diseased eucalyptus trees at the harvest age of 7 years were cut down, and their dendrometric variables (diameter at breast height, height and volume) and disease severity (basal discolouration area and volume of discoloured tissue) were measured. All tree trunks, classified into different severity classes, were sampled individually, peeled, chipped and subjected to Kraft cooking (Kappa number 18 ± 0.5). Diseased trees, under the evaluated condition, exhibited an average volume of 2.5% with discolouration and a reduction in the volumetric growth of 18.1%. The wood from diseased trees showed no significant differences in the Kraft cooking variables when compared to healthy trees. This result suggests that ceratocystis wilt reduces the volumetric growth of affected trees; however, due to the low proportion of symptomatic wood observed, the utilization of wood from diseased trees does not influence pulping and can be used in the pulp production process.
A practical approach to hyperinsulinaemia in horses with equine metabolic syndrome
Authors: Sundra Tania , Rossi Gabriele , Rendle David , Lester Guy 
Published: January 2024

SummaryLaminitis associated with hyperinsulinaemia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in horses with equine metabolic syndrome. The diagnosis and management of hyperinsulinaemia are therefore critical to prevent the development of laminitis. This review article aims to help primary care clinicians manage patients with hyperinsulinaemia by providing an overview of diagnostics, management strategies and new therapies that are available.
Antibiotic use in first opinion equine practice in the United Kingdom: Serial point prevalence surveys in 17 practices
Authors: Sinclair Charlotte , Schofield Imogen , Mair Timothy 
Published: January 2024

SummaryBackgroundMonitoring antibiotic use (AMU) is a key component of antimicrobial stewardship. Published data on AMU in first opinion equine practice are limited.ObjectivesTo document AMU in first opinion equine practices.Study designRepeated point prevalence surveys.MethodsAMU was recorded one day every month for 12 consecutive months in 17 equine practices.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty‐two horses were prescribed antibiotics across 2273 consultations (excluding routine appointments) (11.1%; 95% CI 9.8%–12.4%). Median number of consultations per practice was 121 (IQR 112–159; range 27–303). Across 17 practices, the proportion of horses receiving antibiotics varied by practice from 0% to 26.4%. Commonest indications for AMU included cellulitis (66; 26.8%), wounds (46; 18.7%), surgical prophylaxis (36; 14.6%), respiratory infection (27; 11.0%) and skin infection (20; 8.1%). Commonest antibiotics prescribed were potentiated sulphonamides (109; 43.6%), oxytetracycline (58; 23.2%), procaine penicillin (40; 16.0%) and doxycycline (36; 14.4%). 45.0% of oxytetracycline use was for surgical prophylaxis. 44.8% of procaine penicillin use was for cellulitis. 28.6% of ‘other antimicrobial’ use was for pyrexia of unknown origin. Use of antibiotics differed significantly depending on the underlying diagnosis (p < 0.001). Median antibiotic dose rates were: potentiated sulphonamides 30 mg/kg (IQR 27–75; range 10–75; n = 96); procaine penicillin 19 mg/kg (IQR 15–23; range 7–30; n = 35); oxytetracycline 6 mg/kg (IQR 5–6; range 4–30; n = 55); doxycycline 10 mg/kg (IQR 10–20; range 7–30; n = 34).Main limitationsWeight of horses were often estimated. Duration of antibiotic courses was not recorded.ConclusionsAntibiotics were prescribed in 11% of nonroutine consultations. Commonest indication for AMU was cellulitis. Potentiated sulphonamides, oxytetracycline and procaine penicillin were the commonest prescribed drugs. Critically important antibiotic use was infrequent. Dose rates varied, but median values were generally appropriate.
Persistent net release of carbon dioxide and methane from an Alaskan lowland boreal peatland complex
Authors: Euskirchen Eugénie S. , Edgar Colin W. , Kane Evan S. , Waldrop Mark P. , Neumann Rebecca B. , Manies Kristen L. , Douglas Thomas A. , Dieleman Catherine , Jones Miriam C. , Turetsky Merritt R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPermafrost degradation in peatlands is altering vegetation and soil properties and impacting net carbon storage. We studied four adjacent sites in Alaska with varied permafrost regimes, including a black spruce forest on a peat plateau with permafrost, two collapse scar bogs of different ages formed following thermokarst, and a rich fen without permafrost. Measurements included year‐round eddy covariance estimates of net carbon dioxide (CO2), mid‐April to October methane (CH4) emissions, and environmental variables. From 2011 to 2022, annual rainfall was above the historical average, snow water equivalent increased, and snow‐season duration shortened due to later snow return. Seasonally thawed active layer depths also increased. During this period, all ecosystems acted as slight annual sources of CO2 (13–59 g C m−2 year−1) and stronger sources of CH4 (11–14 g CH4 m−2 from ~April to October). The interannual variability of net ecosystem exchange was high, approximately ±100 g C m−2 year−1, or twice what has been previously reported across other boreal sites. Net CO2 release was positively related to increased summer rainfall and winter snow water equivalent and later snow return. Controls over CH4 emissions were related to increased soil moisture and inundation status. The dominant emitter of carbon was the rich fen, which, in addition to being a source of CO2, was also the largest CH4 emitter. These results suggest that the future carbon‐source strength of boreal lowlands in Interior Alaska may be determined by the area occupied by minerotrophic fens, which are expected to become more abundant as permafrost thaw increases hydrologic connectivity. Since our measurements occur within close proximity of each other (≤1 km2), this study also has implications for the spatial scale and data used in benchmarking carbon cycle models and emphasizes the necessity of long‐term measurements to identify carbon cycle process changes in a warming climate.
Organising and managing digital platform renewal: The role of framing and overflowing
Authors: Clausen Rune Thorbjørn , Nielsen Jeppe Agger , Mathiassen Lars 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRenewing digital platforms is increasingly vital to ensure organisational performance and competitiveness. Managing such renewal is challenging, however, because it requires organisations to remove their exiting digital platform while at the same time building on the practises that depend on it in order to implement a new platform. Unfortunately, the literature offers little guidance on how to launch and manage this inherently complex process. Against this backdrop, we conducted a three‐year case study of how a local government organisation organised and managed the renewal of its digital platform, which 4000 health professionals in eldercare use on a daily basis. We use two concepts—framing and overflowing—to reflect the complexity of the process and to describe how it unfolded. Initially, managers used persuasive language to carefully frame a vision of the change and prepare platform users for the renewal process. Despite these framing efforts, however, unexpected events led to overflow situations in which events rendered the framing untenable and threatened successful renewal. This, in turn, led to a decision to postpone the new platform's go‐live date. While the postponement did defuse the situation, new overflows emerged, and management was forced to initiate further framing activities to move the platform renewal forward. Based on our insights into these events and extant literature, we present a conceptual model of framing and overflowing in organising and managing digital platform renewal that unpacks how framing–overflowing dynamics play out over time in response to the complexity of the process.
Vitamin D and wound healing: Assessing skin barrier function and implications for chloasma treatment
Authors: Chen Qiong , Liu Lin , Zhang Yi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChloasma, which is distinguished by irregularities in the pigmentation of skin, poses substantial challenge in the field of dermatology. The regulatory influence of vitamin D on the functions of skin cells implies that it may have the capacity to effectively treat chloasma and promote wound healing. To assess the efficacy of vitamin D in chloasma treatment and its impact on the function of skin barrier during the process of wound healing. The research spanned from April 2022 to September 2023, in Shanghai, China, examined 480 individuals who had been diagnosed with chloasma. A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial was utilized to evaluate effectiveness of topical vitamin D3 in treatment of chloasma. Concurrently, randomized control trial investigated the effects of ingested vitamin D3 supplements on the process of wound healing. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), chloasma severity score changes, wound size reduction and skin hydration levels were critical performance indicators. Statistically, the severity scores of chloasma decreased significantly in the vitamin D treatment group at 3 and 6 months compared with the placebo (p < 0.05). The Vitamin D group exhibited superior wound healing outcomes, including more substantial reduction in lesion size and enhanced skin barrier function, as evidenced by increased skin hydration and decreased TEWL (p < 0.05). Vitamin D substantially mitigated the severity of chloasma and has beneficial effect on wound healing and integrity of the skin barrier. Based on the results obtained, vitamin D exhibited promise as a therapeutic intervention in the field of dermatology, specifically in treatment of chloasma and promotion of wound recovery.
Wound infection prevention strategies in colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection: A meta‐analysis of prophylactic measures
Authors: Qi Haili , Wang Zhimin , Shen Feifei , Yu Wei , Duan Shasha , Li Xiaohuan , Huang Xiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractColorectal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is associated with the risk of postoperative wound infections, prompting investigations into effective prophylactic measures. This meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of various prophylactic interventions in reducing the incidence of wound infections following EMR. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies from 2015 to 2022. We included studies that compared the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis and antiseptic measures, with clear data on post‐procedure infection rates. Eight studies met our inclusion criteria, and data were extracted for meta‐analysis. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. The meta‐analysis included 3765 patients from eight RCTs. Prophylactic antibiotics (cefixime and cefuroxime) showed moderate to high efficacy, with infection rates as low as 0% and 0.76%. Prophylactic endoscopic closure and clipping showed the highest efficacy, with zero reported infections. The standardized surgical site infection prevention bundle had lower effectiveness, with an infection incidence of 3.83%. The risk of bias assessment indicated potential performance bias due to lack of blinding, but overall evidence quality was upheld by proper random sequence generation and diligent outcome data monitoring. The effectiveness of specific prophylactic measures, notably prophylactic antibiotics and mechanical closure techniques, has been shown in significantly reducing the risk of wound infections following colorectal EMR.
Prediction of amputation risk of patients with diabetic foot using classification algorithms: A clinical study from a tertiary center
Authors: Demirkol Denizhan , Erol Çiğdem Selçukcan , Tannier Xavier , Özcan Tuncay , Aktaş Şamil 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers can have vital consequences, such as amputation for patients. The primary purpose of this study is to predict the amputation risk of diabetic foot patients using machine‐learning classification algorithms. In this research, 407 patients treated with the diagnosis of diabetic foot between January 2009–September 2019 in Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine in the Department of Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine were retrospectively evaluated. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify the key features associated with the amputation risk in diabetic foot patients within the dataset. Thus, various prediction/classification models were created to predict the “overall” risk of diabetic foot patients. Predictive machine‐learning models were created using various algorithms. Additionally to optimize the hyperparameters of the Random Forest Algorithm (RF), experimental use of Bayesian Optimization (BO) has been employed. The sub‐dimension data set comprising categorical and numerical values was subjected to a feature selection procedure. Among all the algorithms tested under the defined experimental conditions, the BO‐optimized “RF” based on the hybrid approach (PCA‐RF‐BO) and “Logistic Regression” algorithms demonstrated superior performance with 85% and 90% test accuracies, respectively. In conclusion, our findings would serve as an essential benchmark, offering valuable guidance in reducing such hazards.
Impact of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols on surgical site wound infection rates in urological procedures
Authors: Cai Yongjian , Cai Xianguo , Zhang Xianjun , Zhu Jialiang , Chen Wanbo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis meta‐analysis assesses the impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols on surgical site wound infections (SSWIs) in urological procedures. Analysing data from 10 studies, our focus was on SSWI rates on the third and seventh postoperative days. The results reveal a significant reduction in SSWI rates for patients managed under ERAS protocols compared with traditional care. Notably, Figure 4 demonstrates a substantial decrease in SSWI on the third day (I2 = 93%; random: standardized mean difference [SMD]: −6.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −7.42 to −5.05, p < 0.01), and Figure 5 mirrors this trend on the seventh day (I2 = 95%; random: SMD: −4.72, 95% CI: −6.28 to −3.16, p < 0.01). These findings underscore the effectiveness of ERAS protocols in minimizing early postoperative wound infections, emphasizing their importance for broader implementation in urological surgeries.
Effectiveness of concentrated growth factor and laser therapy on wound healing, inferior alveolar nerve injury and periodontal bone defects post‐mandibular impacted wisdom tooth extraction: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Lu Zhu , Bingquan Huang , Jun Tan , Fei Ge 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe extraction of wisdom teeth with mandibular impact frequently results in complications including damage to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and malformations of the bone. The objective of this research endeavour was to assess the efficacy of low‐level laser therapy and concentrated growth factor (CGF) in facilitating nerve recovery and wound healing in such instances. A total of thirty‐one patients (mean age 27.52 ± 5.79 years) who presented with IAN injury after extraction were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control group (which received oral mecobalamin), CGF group (which received CGF gel applied to the extraction sockets) and laser group (which received low‐level lasers (808 nm, 30 mW, 10 J/cm2)) at the extraction site. Patients' recovery from IAN paresthesia was evaluated seven times over the course of 14 days utilizing visual analogue scale (VAS) and the pinprick test (PP). At multiple intervals following surgery, periodontal probing and bone level measurements were utilized to assess the recovery of both soft and hard tissues. The findings revealed that, compared with the control group, both the CGF and laser treatment groups exhibited a markedly greater improvement in VAS scores and wound healing of soft tissues, as well as in PP results (p < 0.001), indicating enhanced wound healing processes. Despite these improvements, there was no significant difference in wound healing outcomes between the CGF and laser groups. Notably, the CGF group showed a statistically significant improvement in healing bone defects at 30 and 90 days post‐treatment compared with the control group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.004, respectively), underscoring its effectiveness in bone healing as a critical aspect of the overall wound healing process. However, in terms of other wound healing comparisons, no significant differences were observed. CGF and laser therapy significantly enhanced the healing of wounds, including soft tissue and bone recovery, in addition to accelerating the recovery of IAN injuries following mandibular wisdom tooth extraction. Although both treatments were equally effective in nerve recovery, CGF notably excelled in promoting bone healing, suggesting its pivotal role in comprehensive wound healing. This highlights that both CGF and laser therapy are viable options for not only nerve recovery but also for overall wound healing in such dental procedures.
Investigating how tamsulosin combined with levofloxacin impacts wound healing in patients with chronic prostatitis who may also have perineal or urethral wounds
Authors: Yang Jingruo , Bao Congcong , Gu Jianglin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChronic prostatitis, which frequently manifests with perineal or urethral ulcers, can have substantial impact on the quality of life experienced by affected individuals. Present treatment approaches primarily target the alleviation of symptoms and control of complications. In patients with chronic prostatitis, this investigation examined the potential synergistic effects of tamsulosin and levofloxacin on urinary function and urethral and perineal wounds healing. This cross‐sectional observational study was carried out at Chongqing Western Hospital, China, from February to November 2023. The participants comprised 88 males aged 40–75 years who had been clinically diagnosed with chronic prostatitis and complications that accompany the wound healing process. The participants were equally distributed into two groups: one assigned to the treatment group, which received a daily combination of levofloxacin (500 mg) and tamsulosin (0.4 mg) and other to receive conventional care. The wound healing rate and improvement in urinary function were the primary outcomes evaluated monthly for 9 months. Patient satisfaction and symptom amelioration were secondary outcomes, in addition to the surveillance of adverse effects. In comparison to the control, treatment group exhibited significantly higher rate of wound closure (78.08% at 1 month and 79.38% at 9 months) and urinary function improvement (66.69% at 1 month and 67.95% at 9 months). In addition, the treatment group exhibited a greater degree of symptom amelioration; however, a rise in adverse effects was observed. In every domain, patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the treatment group. Thus the combination of tamsulosin and levofloxacin improved urinary function and wound repair in patients with chronic prostatitis, while also exhibiting tolerable profile of adverse effects.
Posttransplant atrial fibrillation: Evidence of early posttransplant recipient‐to‐donor atrioatrial connections
Authors: Izekor Bright , Perez Christopher , Banchs Javier , Olsovsky Gregory 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAtrial fibrillation and atrial flutter originating from the donor s heart is a commonly reported complication post heart transplant. Atrial tachyarrhythmia originating from the recipient s heart, propagated through recipient‐to‐donor connections, is rare with only few cases reported in the literature; most reported cases from our review occur years post‐transplant.CaseA 47‐year‐old male presented with atrial tachycardia 6 months post heart transplant. Electrophysiologic study demonstrated atrial fibrillation originating from native heart and propagated through atrio‐atrial connections to the donor heart. This arrhythmia was successfully terminated with radiofrequency ablation.ConclusionAtrio‐atrial connection between recipient and donor can form as early as a few months post heart transplant. Radiofrequency ablation appears to be an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation propagated through donor‐to‐recipient connections.
Synergistic interaction of nanoparticles and probiotic delivery: A review
Authors: Vijayaram Srirengaraj , Razafindralambo Hary , Sun Yun Zhang , Piccione Giuseppe , Multisanti Cristiana Roberta , Faggio Caterina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNanotechnology is an expanding and new technology that prompts production with nanoparticle‐based (1–100 nm) organic and inorganic materials. Such a tool has an imperative function in different sectors like bioengineering, pharmaceuticals, electronics, energy, nuclear energy, and fuel, and its applications are helpful for human, animal, plant, and environmental health. In exacting, the nanoparticles are synthesized by top‐down and bottom‐up approaches through different techniques such as chemical, physical, and biological progress. The characterization is vital and the confirmation of nanoparticle traits is done by various instrumentation analyses like UV–Vis spectrophotometry (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, annular dark‐field imaging, and intracranial pressure. In addition, probiotics are friendly microbes which while administered in sufficient quantity confer health advantages to the host. Characterization investigation is much more significant to the identification of good probiotics. Similarly, haemolytic activity, acid and bile salt tolerance, autoaggregation, antimicrobial compound production, inhibition of pathogens, enhance the immune system, and more health‐beneficial effects on the host. The synergistic effects of nanoparticles and probiotics combined delivery applications are still limited to food, feed, and biomedical applications. However, the mechanisms by which they interact with the immune system and gut microbiota in humans and animals are largely unclear. This review discusses current research advancements to fulfil research gaps and promote the successful improvement of human and animal health.