bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taxifolin inhibits NETosis through activation of Nrf2 and provides protective effects in models of lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Rysenga Christine E , May-Zhang Linda , Zahavi Miela , Knight Jason S , Ali Ramadan A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) is a bioactive plant flavonoid that exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. We hypothesized that taxifolin might be an effective dietary supplement to ameliorate symptoms arising from thrombo-inflammatory diseases such as lupus and APS.

Methods
We used in vitro assays and a mouse model to determine mechanisms by which taxifolin inhibits neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (i.e. NETosis) and venous thrombosis in lupus and APS.

Results
At doses ranging from 0.1 to 1 µg/ml, taxifolin inhibited NETosis from control neutrophils stimulated with autoantibodies isolated from lupus and APS patients, and its suppressive effects were mitigated by blocking the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2). Furthermore, taxifolin at a dose as low as 20 mg/kg/day reduced in vivo NETosis in thrombo-inflammatory mouse models of lupus and APS while also significantly attenuating autoantibody formation, inflammatory cytokine production and large-vein thrombosis.

Conclusion
Our study is the first to demonstrate the protective effects of taxifolin in the context of lupus and APS. Importantly, our study also suggests a therapeutic potential to neutralize neutrophil hyperactivity and NETosis that could have relevance to a variety of thrombo-inflammatory diseases.
Insurance Denial of Care for Randomized Controlled Trial-Eligible Patients
Authors: McClelland Shearwood , Brately Melissa , Zuhour Raed J. , Sun Yilun , Spratt Daniel E. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Insurance denials for clinical trials serve as a pertinent barrier for patients to remain trial-eligible, thus hindering the development of therapies and the overall advancement of health care. We present results from an ongoing oncology randomized clinical trial regarding insurance denials and peer-to-peer authorization (P2PA) success rate in allowing patients to remain trial-eligible.

Methods:
The ongoing Spine Patient Optimal Radiosurgery Treatment for Symptomatic Metastatic Neoplasms Phase II trial randomizes spine cancer patients to treatment with spine radiosurgery/stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) versus conventional external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Trial-eligible patients during the first 3 months of enrollment are examined to determine whether the option of SBRT was denied by their insurance. Advocacy for overcoming SBRT denial in P2PA centered on SBRT being recommended as a preferred treatment modality in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, and the recent level I evidence demonstrating the advantages of SBRT over EBRT for symptomatic spine cancer.

Results:
Of 15 trial-eligible patients, 3 (20%) experienced insurance denials for SBRT. P2PA resulted in the reversal of denials in all 3 patients, allowing each to remain trial-eligible for randomization between SBRT and cEBRT.

Conclusions:
Despite a clinical oncologic treatment modality for which recent Level 1 evidence is available, the insurance denial rate was 20%. A vigilant P2PA strategy focusing on highlighting National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines and the supporting Level 1 evidence resulted in a very high rate of reversing initial denial.
A Novel Machine Learning Approach to Predict Textbook Outcome in Colectomy
Authors: Ashraf Ganjouei Amir , Romero-Hernandez Fernanda , Conroy Patricia C. , Miller Phoebe , Calthorpe Lucia , Wang Jaeyun Jane , Lin Jackie , Feng Jean , Kirkwood Kimberly S. , Alseidi Adnan , Sarin Ankit , Adam Mohamed A. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Several calculators exist to predict risk of postoperative complications. However, in low-risk procedures such as colectomy, a tool to determine the probability of achieving the ideal outcome could better aid clinical decision making, especially for high-risk patients. A textbook outcome is a composite measure that serves as a surrogate for the ideal surgical outcome.

OBJECTIVE:
To identify the most important factors for predicting textbook outcome in patients with non-metastatic colon cancer undergoing colectomy and to create a textbook outcome decision support tool using machine learning algorithms.

DESIGN:
This was a retrospective analysis study.

SETTINGS:
Data were collected from the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program database.

PATIENTS:
Adult patients undergoing elective colectomy for non-metastatic colon cancer (2014-2020) were included

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Textbook outcome was the main outcome, defined as no mortality, no 30-day readmission, no postoperative complications, no 30-days reinterventions, and a hospital length of stay ≤5 days. Four models (logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and XGBoost) were trained and validated. Ultimately, a web-based calculator was developed as proof-of-concept for clinical application.

RESULTS:
A total of 20,498 patients who underwent colectomy for non-metastatic colon cancer were included. Overall, textbook outcome was achieved in 66% of patients. Textbook outcome was more frequently achieved after robotic colectomy (77%), followed by laparoscopic colectomy (68%), and open colectomy (39%, p < 0.001). XGBoost was the best performing model (AUC = 0.72). The top 5 preoperative variables to predict textbook outcome were surgical approach, patient age, preoperative hematocrit, preoperative oral antibiotic bowel preparation, and female sex.

LIMITATIONS:
This study was limited by its retrospective nature of the analysis.

CONCLUSIONS:
Using textbook outcome as the preferred outcome may be a useful tool in relatively low-risk procedures such as colectomy and the proposed web-based calculator may aid surgeons in preoperative evaluation and counseling, especially for high-risk patients.
Home-Use Hyaluronic Acid Jet Injectors: Unreliable and Unsafe
Authors: Juch Rosalie N. S. , Bik Liora , Boeijink Neill , de Vos Judith , Dobbe Iwan J. G. G. , Bloemen Paul R. , van Doorn Martijn B. A. , Velthuis Peter , Aalders Maurice C. G. , Wolkerstorfer Albert 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND
Needle-free hyaluronic acid (HA) jet injectors are gaining popularity for rejuvenation treatment. The devices are widely available online and are used for self-injection or in beauty salons by nonphysicians. However, little is known about their performance and safety.

OBJECTIVE
To explore the injection efficiency and cutaneous biodistribution patterns administered with home-use compared with medical jet injectors and to assess safety aspects.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors injected HA into ex vivo human skin with 4 home-use and 2 medical injectors. The intracutaneous dose of HA was calculated, and the cutaneous biodistribution of HA was assessed using a 3-dimensional Fluorescent Imaging Cryomicrotome System (3D-FICS). Safety aspects were evaluated based on the presence of a manual, CE (conformité européenne) mark, and sterility.

RESULTS
The intracutaneous dose delivered by the home-use injectors was markedly lower compared with the medical injectors. 3D imaging for home-use injectors showed superficial epidermal distribution with low distribution volumes. For medical injectors, volumes were substantially larger and mainly middermal. All evaluated safety aspects were lacking.

CONCLUSION
Results of this study suggest that the specific combinations of home-use injectors and HA used in this study are unreliable and unsafe, which casts doubts on the performance of these treatments in general.
Evaluation and Management of Pericarditis in Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Kawano Yumeko , Pabón Maria A. , Feldman Candace H. , Cuddy Sarah , Lilly Leonard S. , Garshick Michael S. , Weber Brittany 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
This review summarizes the evaluation for underlying rheumatic conditions in patients presenting with acute pericarditis, treatment considerations for specific rheumatic conditions, and the role of imaging in diagnosis and monitoring. Pericarditis may be one of the initial presentations of a rheumatic disease or identified in a patient with known rheumatic disease. There is also growing evidence for using anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents for treating recurrent pericarditis, which can overlap with the treatment of rheumatic diseases.
Interleukin-1 Inhibition for the Prevention and Treatment of Heart Failure
Authors: Jafree Ehsan , Del Buono Marco Giuseppe , Canada Justin M. , Carbone Salvatore , Kron Jordana , Arena Ross , Van Tassell Benjamin , Abbate Antonio , Trankle Cory R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome that remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Abundant evidence suggests inflammation plays a key role in the development and perpetuation of HF, but there are currently no anti-inflammatory treatments approved for use in HF. Interleukin-1, the prototypical proinflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in adverse cardiac remodeling and left ventricular dysfunction. Multiple early phase clinical trials using interleukin-1 blockade in patients at risk for or diagnosed with HF have suggested favorable safety and efficacy in reducing inflammatory biomarkers, as well as positive signals in surrogate and clinical end points. Additional large scale clinical trials are urgently needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of this therapeutic approach specifically in HF. In this narrative review, we discuss current evidence regarding interleukin-1 blockade in the prevention and treatment of HF.
Performance of Bandage Contact Lens in Patients Post-ocular Surgeries: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zheng Yan , Zhai Chang-Bin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
This study systematically reviewed the performance of bandage contact lenses (BCL) such as lotrafilcon A, lotrafilcon B, senofilcon A, balafilcon A, and comfilcon A as postoperative treatment in different ocular surgeries. A systematic search of English and Chinese databases (from inception to December 2021) was conducted for studies reporting the efficacy of BCLs after ocular surgeries. Postoperative symptoms, corneal healing, and visual outcomes were studied. Overall, 38 studies were identified. Bandage contact lens was applied as a postoperative aid in corneal refractive, cataract, and vitrectomy surgeries. Most studies were on photorefractive keratectomy. Reduced postoperative symptoms were observed within 4 hr to 3 days, whereas re-epithelization of the cornea and healing was complete within 3 to 7 days after ocular surgeries except for vitrectomy. In a vitrectomy, greater comfort and improved corneal epithelium were observed on the seventh day after surgery. An improvement in dry eye symptoms was observed at 7 days with considerable benefits observed after 1 month of cataract surgery. These findings indicate that BCLs are effective for improving postoperative symptoms and facilitation of early visual rehabilitation with a wear time of 8 hr to 7 days depending on the type of ocular surgery.
Real-World Outcomes of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Treatment in Patients Affected by Nosocomial Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Boglione Lucio , Poletti Federica , Rostagno Roberto , Moglia Roberta , Cantone Marco , Esposito Maria , Borrè Silvio 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (NmAbs) are a treatment option in patients with early SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we examined the role of NmAbs therapies in a cohort of patients affected by nosocomial COVID-19 infection and high risk of illness progression.

Methods
A retrospective, single-center analysis was performed including all patients affected by nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection receiving NmAbs treatment between April 2021 and March 2022.

Results
The overall included patients were 75. Mortality rate was 13.3%; disease progression was observed in 22 patients (29.3%); clinical improvement was reported in 49 subjects (65.3%). In multivariate logistic regression, the presence of immunosuppression risk factor and late administration of therapies were recognized as independent predictors of treatment failure.

Conclusions
In this real-world analysis, the treatment with NmAbs was safety and effectiveness in high-risk patients with nosocomial COVID-19 infection, but the timing of administration and the role of viral variants are the main limiting factors of this approach.
Systematic and objective wet-lab testing of instruments for phacoemulsification: new Formalin Quadrant Model
Authors: Giger-Lange Christina , Rattenbacher-Kiser Karin , Di Lanzo Jessica , Di Nardo Silvio , Menapace Rupert , Ille Fabian 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To validate an improved wet-lab model for systematic and objective efficiency testing of instruments for phacoemulsification.

Setting:
Institute of Medical Engineering, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Lucerne, Switzerland.

Design:
Experimental study.

Methods:
Porcine lenses were incubated for different time spans in formalin to simulate different cataract densities. Lenses were cut in quadrants and emulsified in a silicone test chamber. The use of ultrasound was restricted to full occlusion and the minimal power needed to promote emulsification. Equivalence to the surgical situation and cataract consistency were judged by an experienced surgeon. Efficiency was rated by effective phacoemulsification time, liquid consumption, and total surgery time.

Results:
Formalin incubation times of 2 hours, 1.25 hours, and 0.5 hours were validated for hard, middle-hard, and soft cataracts, respectively. Systematic testing of different fluidics settings revealed the unique opportunities of the improved model: Experiments could be performed by laboratory staff without any surgical experience after a short training, and the model provided results in a fast and reproducible manner. Reduced effective phacoemulsification time, shorter total surgery time, and less liquid consumption were observed with higher fluidics settings, confirming and complementing earlier clinical findings.

Conclusions:
The Formalin Quadrant Model can be used to test new designs of instrumentation on different cataract densities or various instrument settings for efficiency. Using a validated cataract substitute, it closely represents the clinical situation and thus renders valid results in a short time. Instruments can be tested and improved profoundly before costly and elaborate clinical trials have to be applied.
Influence of posterior capsule abnormalities in pediatric cataract surgery
Authors: Ding Yichao , Zhang Jing , Huang Yusen 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To report how to manage posterior capsule abnormalities (PCAs) in pediatric cataracts and evaluate the influence of PCAs during intraocular lens (IOL) optic implantation in Berger space surgeries.

Setting:
Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.

Design:
Retrospective case series study.

Methods:
Pediatric patients with PCAs who underwent cataract surgery were evaluated. A video-based analysis of the surgical interventions included the type of crystalline lens opacification, types and management of PCAs, complications during primary posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (PCCC), need for anterior vitrectomy (AV), and feasibility of IOL optic capture.

Results:
There were 227 pediatric cataract surgeries performed during the study period, and 76 eyes of 66 children with PCAs were evaluated (33.5%, 76/227). Unilateral cataract with PCAs were found in 50 eyes (22.0%, 50/227) and bilateral were found in 26 eyes (11.5%, 26/227). The PCAs were posterior capsule plaque (19.8%, 45/227), posterior capsule defect (6.2%, 14/227), posterior lenticonus (3.1%, 7/227), and persistent fetal vasculature (4.4%, 10/227). In the PCA cases, primary PCCC was successful in 44.7% of the cases (34/76). An unplanned AV during the surgeries was performed in 47.4% (36) of the 76 eyes. IOL optic implantation in Berger space was achieved in 63.2% of the eyes (48/76).

Conclusions:
PCAs are often encountered during pediatric cataract surgeries, especially in unilateral cases. The presence of PCAs may complicate a primary PCCC procedure, resulting in an unplanned AV in some cases. IOL optic implantation in Berger space can also be performed fortunately with well-designed and skilled operation.
The Association Between Intrapersonal Resilience Resources and Quality of Life Among Older Persons Living With HIV: A Systematic Review
Authors: Haase Shakaye R. , Billings Rebecca , Vance David E. , Fazeli Pariya L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite positive improvements in health care, older persons living with HIV (PWH) still face psychosocial challenges and medical issues that affect their overall quality of life (QoL). Intrapersonal resilience resources may serve as a protective factor allowing PWH to better cope with adversity, thereby improving their well-being. In our systematic review, we examined intrapersonal resilience resources and their association with QoL outcomes among middle-aged and older PWH (≥40 years). Four databases (CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase) were searched, and 1,400 articles were yielded. Following screening and full-text review, 19 studies met full criteria and were included. Based on our findings from these studies, trait resilience, spirituality, and self-efficacy were the most common resilience resources investigated. Resilience resources were positively associated with QoL outcomes and mediated the association between various psychosocial factors (e.g., stigma) and QoL. Future studies should explore resilience resources and QoL over time among diverse populations of PWH.
Retrospective Evaluation of the Efficacy of Gemcitabine-Based Therapies After FOLFIRINOX Failure in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer, Multi-Center Real-Life Data
Authors: Sütcüoğlu Osman , Doğan Akif , Yilmaz Funda , Şahin Ahmet Bilgehan , Şahin Taha Koray , Esen Selin Aktürk , Erol Cihan , Üner Aytuğ , Özet Ahmet , Turan Nedim , Eraslan Emrah , Deligönül Adem , Odabaş Hatice , Günel Nazan , Uçar Gökhan , Dede Didem Şener , Dizdar Ömer , Çubukçu Erdem , Öksüzoğlu Ömür Berna , Emre Yildirim Mahmut , Yazici Ozan , Özdemir Nuriye 
Published: October 2023

Objective
Combination therapies such as FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine-nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (GnP) are recommended for the first-line treatment of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of gemcitabine-based second-line therapies in patients whose disease progressed on FOLFIRINOX.

Method
Patients diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer in 7 tertiary hospitals in Turkey were included. Patients were divided into 3 different groups according to their treatment regimens: GnP, gemcitabine doublet (gemcitabine-cisplatin or gemcitabine-capecitabine), and gemcitabine monotherapy.

Results
A total of 144 patients were included in the study. In the second-line treatment, 65% of patients were given GnP, 20% were given gemcitabine doublet, and 15% were given gemcitabine monotherapy. The median exposure of the patients to gemcitabine-based therapy was 3 cycles, whereas the median progression-free survival was calculated as 3.4 months. The median overall survival for patients who received GnP was 4.6 months, 6.4 months for patients who received gemcitabine doublet therapy, and 3.7 months for patients who received gemcitabine monotherapy (P = 0.248).

Conclusion
In conclusion, it has been shown that gemcitabine-based second-line treatments contribute to survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. In addition, there was no difference in efficacy between gemcitabine monotherapy or combination treatments.
Pancreatic Cancer Cells May Adhere to the External Surface of the Puncture Needle After Endoscopic Ultrasound–Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration
Authors: Kurosu Takahiro , Kida Mitsuhiro , Okuwaki Kosuke , Iwai Tomohisa , Watanabe Masafumi , Hasegawa Rikiya , Imaizumi Hiroshi , Tamaki Akihiro , Yoshida Tsutomu , Kusano Chika 
Published: October 2023

Objective
We prospectively investigated whether cells derived from pancreatic cancers adhered to the puncture needle's external surface after endoscopic ultrasound–guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and whether wiping the needle with alcohol swabs removed residual cancer cells.

Methods
The participants were 100 consecutive patients who underwent EUS-FNA for suspected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In the first pass of EUS-FNA, we prepared aspiration and lavage cytological diagnosis materials from the lumen and external surface of the puncture needle, respectively. This was repeated in the second pass, although the needle's external surface was wiped with an alcohol swab.

Results
The positivity rates of aspiration cytological diagnosis for the first and second passes were 67% and 72%, respectively. The positivity rates of lavage cytological diagnosis of the needle's external surface on the first and second passes were 20% and 3%, respectively. Wiping the needle's external surface with alcohol swabs significantly reduced the proportion of cancer cells detected (P < 0.001). The accuracy rate based on all the collected specimens was 90%. There were no EUS-FNA–related adverse events.

Conclusion
Pancreatic cancer cells may adhere to the puncture needle's external surface after EUS-FNA. Wiping the needle with alcohol swabs after each puncture effectively removes residual cancer cells.
Biopsychosocial Correlates and Individual Differences for Eliciting Moral Elevation in Veterans With PTSD
Authors: McGuire Adam P. , Howard Binh An N. , Burns Christina , Zambrano-Vazquez Laura , Szabo Yvette Z. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A promising approach to enhancing trauma-focused treatment is moral elevation—feeling inspired by witnessing a virtuous act. This study explored potential links between eliciting elevation and relevant outcomes in a series of case examples. Veterans with probable posttraumatic stress disorder completed experimental tasks including a written trauma narrative exercise and watching elevation-eliciting videos. Participants also completed baseline assessments, repeated measures of trauma-related cognitions, emotions, elevation, and saliva sample collection. Four cases were identified and reviewed: two positive responders (high elevation after videos) and two nonresponders (restricted elevation response). Positive responder cases reported decreased cognitions, emotions, and moral injury distress from after the trauma narrative to after elevation exercises, whereas nonresponders reported minimal to no changes. Positive responders also demonstrated decreases in cortisol, whereas nonresponders demonstrated increases in cortisol. Future work should examine whether elevation contributes to changes in biopsychosocial outcomes and identify individual factors that indicate who might benefit from elevation-based interventions.