bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abortion as a sociological case
Authors: Kimport Katrina , Weitz Tracy A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor over a century, abortion has been politically and socially contested, affecting people's lives through personal experience and/or public discourse. In the United States (US), abortion is sometimes exceptional—treated differently from other procedures, professions, and political issues—and sometimes an exemplar—an accessible example of a commonly occurring social, political, or personal phenomenon. It is, in other words, an excellent sociological case study. Yet the sociological literature on abortion is relatively thin. In this essay, we review research on abortion and opportunities for future sociological work in eight areas: gender; race; the body and embodiment; political economy; organizations, occupations, and work; medical sociology; law and society; and social movements. Sociologists have much to contribute to characterizing and understanding abortion, particularly following the 2022 US Supreme Court decision overturning the constitutional right to abortion. The discipline also has much to learn from studying abortion as a case. With its multifaceted social and political status and intersections with key areas of sociological interest, abortion offers a generative case for advancing sociological concepts, subfields, and constructs. While not exhaustive, our review aims to spark interest and inquiry, showcasing how a topic that spurs strong opinions can also catalyze sociological insights.
Variations in Social Europe? National political parties' positions on EU‐level social regulations
Authors: Im Zhen Jie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHow do national political parties vary in their views on Social Europe? I focus on an aspect that has received less attention despite its growing prevalence—EU regulations with ambitions to diminish social inequality to encourage social convergence among Member States. Since the Juncker Commission, the European Commission has become increasingly active in pursuing this aspect of Social Europe. Thus, understanding parties' positions on this aspect of Social Europe has become more important. However, current literature lacks measures of national party stances towards Social Europe, and explanations for these stances. Here, I use data from the Chapel Hill Expert Survey (2006, 2009, 2014 and 2019) to develop an indirect measure of party positions on Social Europe. Leveraging studies in party politics and EU politics, I propose that party families and national economic conditions may affect parties' positions on Social Europe. The analyses suggest substantial variation in parties' positions on Social Europe both within and across party families. The analyses also demonstrate that socialist and green parties support Social Europe most, whereas radical right parties support it least. Lastly, I do not find systematic evidence that national economic conditions influence parties' support for this aspect of Social Europe.
No causal association between atopic dermatitis and COVID‐19 outcomes: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jin Chen , Li Yuwen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundFrequent hand washing and disinfection during the corona virus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic may lead to skin‐related disability. The causal relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD), the most common chronic, noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease, and COVID‐19 remains unclear. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the causal inference of atopic dermatitis with COVID‐19 outcomes.MethodsGenome‐wide association study (GWAS) data for AD, consisting of 8383 cases and 236,162 controls of European ethnicity, were provided by the FinnGen database. The GWAS outcome data were derived from the COVID‐19 Host Genetics Initiative and consisted of COVID‐19 susceptibility (122,616 cases and 2,475,240 controls), hospitalization (32,519 cases and 2,062,805 controls), and very severe respiratory disease (13,769 cases and 1,072,442 controls). The inverse variance weighted with a fixed effects model (IVW (fe)) was used as the main statistical approach to assess the causality between AD and COVID‐19 in this study. Several other analytical methods have also been used to complement or identify pleiotropy and heterogeneity.ResultsMR analysis showed no causality between AD and COVID‐19 outcomes. The odds ratios (OR) were 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99–1.02) for susceptibility, 1.00 (95% CI, 0.96–1.04) for hospitalization, 0.97 (95% CI, 0.92–1.03) for very severe respiratory disease by the method of IVW (fe).ConclusionIn conclusion, we found no causal relationship between AD and COVID‐19 outcomes. This study provides additional ideas for the exploration of the risk factors for COVID‐19.
Boundary current fluctuations for the half‐space ASEP and six‐vertex model
Authors: He Jimmy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study fluctuations of the current at the boundary for the half‐space asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) and the height function of the half‐space six‐vertex model at the boundary at large times. We establish a phase transition depending on the effective density of particles at the boundary, with Gaussian symplectic ensemble (GSE) and Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) limits as well as the Baik–Rains crossover distribution near the critical point. This was previously known for half‐space last‐passage percolation, and recently established for the half‐space log‐gamma polymer and Kardar–Parisi–Zhang equation in the groundbreaking work of Imamura, Mucciconi, and Sasamoto. The proof uses the underlying algebraic structure of these models in a crucial way to obtain exact formulas. In particular, we show a relationship between the half‐space six‐vertex model and a half‐space Hall–Littlewood measure with two boundary parameters, which is then matched to a free boundary Schur process via a new identity of symmetric functions. Fredholm Pfaffian formulas are established for the half‐space ASEP and six‐vertex model, indicating a hidden free fermionic structure.
Prevalence and incidence of oral cancer and pre-cancerous lesions in indigenous populations: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Sapna Swati , Jain Praneetha , Sharma Amrit , Hora Rhythm , Sharma Harshul , Karuveettil Vineetha 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
This review will determine the prevalence and incidence of oral cancer and pre-cancerous lesions in indigenous populations.

Introduction:
There are approximately 476 million indigenous individuals worldwide. Oral cancer affected over 350,000 people globally in 2018, with approximately 80% of cases occurring in the indigenous population. Moreover, the incidence of pre-cancerous lesions is high in this population, accounting for 48.3%. Limited evidence exists regarding the burden of oral cancer among indigenous populations despite research on oral health disparities in this group.

Inclusion criteria:
Inclusion criteria involve studies on the burden of oral cancer and pre-cancerous lesions in indigenous groups, considering rates, ratios (prevalence or mortality), or survival proportions. Databases will be searched from inception to the present, with no limitations on study design, language, age, gender, or geography. We will exclude studies that only identify, diagnose, or screen oral cancer and pre-cancerous lesions without mentioning prevalence and incidence.

Methods:
This review will follow to the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of prevalence and incidence. Databases to be searched will include MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, and Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source (EBSCOhost). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, OAIster, International Association for Dental Research conference abstracts, Google Scholar, government reports, and cancer registry reports will be screened for unpublished studies. Two reviewers will independently screen articles, and data will be extracted using a customized form. Narrative data synthesis will be conducted, and where appropriate, meta-analysis using JBI SUMARI. Methodological quality will be assessed using JBI’s critical appraisal tool for prevalence studies.

Review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42023402858
Rodents’ visual gamma as a biomarker of pathological neural conditions
Authors: Meneghetti Nicolò , Vannini Eleonora , Mazzoni Alberto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNeural gamma oscillations (indicatively 30–100 Hz) are ubiquitous: they are associated with a broad range of functions in multiple cortical areas and across many animal species. Experimental and computational works established gamma rhythms as a global emergent property of neuronal networks generated by the balanced and coordinated interaction of excitation and inhibition. Coherently, gamma activity is strongly influenced by the alterations of synaptic dynamics which are often associated with pathological neural dysfunctions. We argue therefore that these oscillations are an optimal biomarker for probing the mechanism of cortical dysfunctions. Gamma oscillations are also highly sensitive to external stimuli in sensory cortices, especially the primary visual cortex (V1), where the stimulus dependence of gamma oscillations has been thoroughly investigated. Gamma manipulation by visual stimuli tuning is particularly easy in rodents, which have become a standard animal model for investigating the effects of network alterations on gamma oscillations. Overall, gamma in the rodents’ visual cortex offers an accessible probe on dysfunctional information processing in pathological conditions. Beyond vision‐related dysfunctions, alterations of gamma oscillations in rodents were indeed also reported in neural deficits such as migraine, epilepsy and neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric conditions such as Alzheimer's, schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. Altogether, the connections between visual cortical gamma activity and physio‐pathological conditions in rodent models underscore the potential of gamma oscillations as markers of neuronal (dys)functioning.
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Consumption of Iron Supplements, based on the Structures of the Health Belief Model, in Children Aged 6 to 24 Months in the Southeast of Iran
Authors: Lotfipur Rafsanjani Seyedeh Shirin , Masoomi Mahdieh , Askari Fatemeh , Abdolkarimi Mahdi 
Published: February 2024

Objective: Iron deficiency is one of the common problems during infancy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of iron supplement consumption and the factors affecting it based on the constructs of the health belief model. Methodology: In this descriptive study, 402 mothers of children aged 6-12 months were selected using multi-stage random sampling. The status of mothers' performance regarding the provision of iron supplements and the status of health belief model constructs were evaluated using a questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression tests. Results: the present study showed that despite the state of proper awareness, the score of Consumption of iron supplements behavior was not favorable. So that 62.7% had reported a low performance. Pearson correlation test showed that only the perceived susceptibility score did not show significant relationship with the behavior (p = 0.174) The regression results showed that the variables included in the regression model, explained a total of 24.1% of the variance of the change in the behavior score (Adjusted R2 = 0.241). Conclusion: Considering the unfavorable situation of iron supplementation behavior in infants, the use of health belief theory constructs can be effective in persuading mothers. Community health nurses can be more successful in improving this index by providing educational intervention based on the structures of this model, especially helping to remove the barriers perceived by mothers.
Experimental Investigation of Excitation Strategies for Erosion by Cavitation Histotripsy
Authors: Zhou Yufeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cavitation histotripsy has been applied to the disintegration on the surface of soft tissue in a well-controlled manner. Its performance was assumed to be determined by the acoustic pressure alone. Long pulse duration with low pulse repetition frequency (PRF) can also successfully generate erosion. This study was designed to investigate the excitation strategies for cavitation histotripsy-induced erosion. The erosion area and volumes produced by cavitation histotripsy on the alginate gel phantom using single-frequency, dual-frequency, and two pulsed excitations at the same power output at the PRF of 1 Hz and 200 Hz were compared. Dual-frequency excitation can improve the erosion at all PRFs, while pulsed excitations decrease it at the PRF of 200 Hz. Using both pulsed and dual-frequency excitations has more erosion areas than using single-frequency at a PRF of 1 Hz. In comparison, although the induced erosion areas using the pulsed excitations are larger than those of single-frequency at the PRF of 200 Hz, the erosion volumes are much lower than those of dual-frequency excitation. It suggests that a sufficient long pulse duration is another important factor for the performance of cavitation histotripsy. Dual-frequency excitation or amplitude modulation by the low-frequency sinusoidal envelope can achieve more erosion than that produced by single-frequency excitation at the same power output in a wide range of PRFs.
Mechanical Properties of Irradiated U-10 wt. %Mo Alloy Degraded by Porosity Development
Authors: Schulthess Jason L. , Baird Katelyn , Petersen Philip , Salvato Daniele , Ozaltun Hakan , Hanson William A. , Ullum Nicholas , Giglio Jeffrey , Cole James I. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A plate-type nuclear fuel consisting of a solid monolithic foil of U-10 wt. %Mo is under development for use in the United States' high-performance research reactors. In support of developing this fuel, the fuel has been fabricated for the first time by a commercial fuel vendor and subsequently irradiated in a test reactor. This provides an opportunity to evaluate postirradiation mechanical properties of the commercially fabricated fuel. Four-point bend testing was conducted on the irradiated U-10Mo samples to generate the fuel material properties, including the modulus of elasticity and the bending strength. Although the material behaves in a brittle manner due to the accumulated porosity, a general trend of strength and modulus reduction was found as fission density increases. The data produced was evaluated using both Weibull statistics and a modulus degradation model with recommendations provided.
A Case Study on Digital Training: Benefits and Unexplored Opportunities
Authors: Carulli Marina , Rossoni Marco , Spadoni Elena , Dozio Nicolò , Giussani Riccardo , Ferrise Francesco , Bordegoni Monica 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn an era characterized by the increasing complexity of products and the rapid turnover of the workforce across different companies, there is a growing need to invest significantly in quick and efficient training methods. Concurrently, the advancement of digitalization has rendered certain training practices anchored to paper-based materials obsolete. Numerous companies are directing their investments toward digital training, yet the optimal format to exploit the full advantages of digitalization remains unclear. This study undertakes a comparison of four distinct digital versions of the same training process with the aim of comprehending the tangible benefits. The findings indicate that to fully capitalize on the advantages of digital technology, a complete rethinking of training practices is necessary.
Novel endolithic bacteria of phylum
Chloroflexota
reveal a myriad of potential survival strategies in the Antarctic desert
Authors: Williams Timothy J. , Allen Michelle A. , Ray Angelique E. , Benaud Nicole , Chelliah Devan S. , Albanese Davide , Donati Claudio , Selbmann Laura , Coleine Claudia , Ferrari Belinda C. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

The ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are dominated by nutrient-poor mineral soil and rocky outcrops. The principal habitat for microorganisms is within rocks (endolithic). In this environment, microorganisms are provided with protection against sub-zero temperatures, rapid thermal fluctuations, extreme dryness, and ultraviolet and solar radiation. Endolithic communities include lichen, algae, fungi, and a diverse array of bacteria.
Chloroflexota
is among the most abundant bacterial phyla present in these communities. Among the
Chloroflexota
are four novel classes of bacteria, here named
Candidatus
Spiritibacteria class. nov. (=UBA5177),
Candidatus
Martimicrobia class. nov. (=UBA4733),
Candidatus
Tarhunnaeia class. nov. (=UBA6077), and
Candidatus
Uliximicrobia class. nov. (=UBA2235). We retrieved 17 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that represent these four classes. Based on genome predictions, all these bacteria are inferred to be aerobic heterotrophs that encode enzymes for the catabolism of diverse sugars. These and other organic substrates are likely derived from lichen, algae, and fungi, as metabolites (including photosynthate), cell wall components, and extracellular matrix components. The majority of MAGs encode the capacity for trace gas oxidation using high-affinity uptake hydrogenases, which could provide energy and metabolic water required for survival and persistence. Furthermore, some MAGs encode the capacity to couple the energy generated from H
2
and CO oxidation to support carbon fixation (atmospheric chemosynthesis). All encode mechanisms for the detoxification and efflux of heavy metals. Certain MAGs encode features that indicate possible interactions with other organisms, such as Tc-type toxin complexes, hemolysins, and macroglobulins.

IMPORTANCE

The ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are the coldest and most hyperarid desert on Earth. It is, therefore, the closest analog to the surface of the planet Mars. Bacteria and other microorganisms survive by inhabiting airspaces within rocks (endolithic). We identify four novel classes of phylum
Chloroflexota
, and, based on interrogation of 17 metagenome-assembled genomes, we predict specific metabolic and physiological adaptations that facilitate the survival of these bacteria in this harsh environment—including oxidation of trace gases and the utilization of nutrients (including sugars) derived from lichen, algae, and fungi. We propose that such adaptations allow these endolithic bacteria to eke out an existence in this cold and extremely dry habitat.
Predictors of increased affective symptoms and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a large-scale study of 14 271 Thai adults
Authors: Supasitthumrong Thitiporn , Maes Michael , Tunvirachaisakul Chavit , Rungnirundorn Teerayuth , Zhou Bo , Li Jing , Wainipitapong Sorawit , Ratanajaruraks Anchalita , Nimnuan Chaichana , Kanchanatawan Buranee , Thompson Trevor , Solmi Marco , Correll Christoph 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundIncreasing data suggest emergent affective symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.ObjectivesTo study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on affective symptoms and suicidal ideation in Thai adults.MethodsThe Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times uses non-probability sampling (chain referring and voluntary response sampling) and stratified probability sampling to identify risk factors of mental health problems and potential treatment targets to improve mental health outcomes during pandemics.FindingsAnalysing 14 271 adult survey participants across all four waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand, covering all 77 provinces from 1 June 2020 to 30 April 2022, affective symptoms and suicidality increased during COVID-19 pandemic. Affective symptoms were strongly predicted by pandemic (feelings of isolation, fear of COVID-19, loss of social support, financial loss, lack of protective devices) and non-pandemic (female sex, non-binary individuals, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), negative life events, student status, multiple mental health and medical conditions, physical pain) risk factors. ACEs, prior mental health conditions and physical pain were the top three risk factors associated with both increased affective symptoms and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Partial least squares analysis showed that ACEs were the most important risk factor as they impacted most pandemic and non-pandemic risk factors.Clinical implicationsRational policymaking during a pandemic should aim to identify the groups at highest risk (those with ACEs, psychiatric and medical disease, women, non-binary individuals) and implement both immediate and long-term strategies to mitigate the impact of ACEs, while effectively addressing associated psychiatric and medical conditions.
Relation between a history of glaucoma and subjective happiness: the JPHC-Next study
Authors: Yamanishi Ryutaro , Yotsukura Erisa , Hanyuda Akiko , Uchino Miki , Yuki Kenya , Negishi Kazuno , Yasuda Nobufumi , Saito Isao , Kato Tadahiro , Arima Kazuhiko , Aoyagi Kiyoshi , Tanno Kozo , Yamagishi Kazumasa , Muraki Isao , Yamaji Taiki , Iwasaki Motoki , Inoue Manami , Tsugane Shoichiro , Sawada Norie 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThis population-based, cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the relationship between a history of glaucoma and subjective happiness.Methods and analysisWe conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of 92 397 Japanese men and women aged 40–74 who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation study. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the ORs of glaucoma associated with subjective happiness and their two-sided 95% CIs.ResultsAmong 40 727 men and 51 670 women, 1733 participants (635 men, 1098 women) had a history of glaucoma. The odds of unhappiness in male participants with a history of glaucoma were higher (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.51) than in female participants (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.90 to 1.23). In a subgroup analysis stratified by age, among participants with a history of glaucoma, males in the younger group (40–59 years) showed the most robust association with unhappiness (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.88).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that a history of glaucoma is related with subjective unhappiness, especially in men.
Local electroneutrality breakdown for electrolytes within varying-section nanopores
Authors: Malgaretti Paolo , Pagonabarraga Ignacio , Harting Jens 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We determine the local charge dynamics of a $$z-z$$

z
-
z

electrolyte embedded in a varying-section channel. By means of an expansion based on the length scale separation between the axial and transverse direction of the channel, we derive closed formulas for the local excess charge for both, dielectric and conducting walls, in 2D (planar geometry) as well as in 3D (cylindrical geometry). Our results show that, even at equilibrium, the local charge electroneutrality is broken whenever the section of the channel is not homogeneous for both dielectric and conducting walls as well as for 2D and 3D channels. Interestingly, even within our expansion, the local excess charge in the fluid can be comparable to the net charge on the walls. We critically discuss the onset of such local electroneutrality breakdown in particular with respect to the correction that it induces on the effective free energy profile experienced by tracer ions.

Graphical abstract