bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Melatonin and n-Acetylcysteine in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Adult Rats
Authors: Aydin Hilal , Bulmus Ozgur , Korkut Oguzhan , Altun Eren , Ulusal Ali Engin 
Published: November 2023

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to apply histopathological and immunohistochemical methods to compare the protective efficacy of melatonin and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) application in rats with experimental brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induced through occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), and to evaluate the protective effect of their combined use. Materials and Methods: Forty-one young adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups—control (n = 8), I/R group (n = 8), melatonin (n = 8), NAC (n = 8), and melatonin + NAC (n = 9). Results: All scores differed between the groups, apart from vascular congestion (p < 0.05). At two-way comparisons, all histological scores were significantly higher in the I/R group than in the control group (p < 0.05). No change occurred in the vascular congestion scores with the administration of melatonin, although decreases were determined in all other scores. These decreases were statistically significant for cellular eosinophilic pyknotic degeneration, vacuolization, and edema (p < 0.05). All histopathological scores in the group administered NAC together with melatonin were significantly lower than in the I/R group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The combined use of NAC and melatonin, the neuroprotective efficacy of which on histopathological parameters is shown in this study, now needs to be supported by further research.
Discovery, Identification, and Insecticidal Activity of an Aspergillus flavus Strain Isolated from a Saline–Alkali Soil Sample
Authors: Song Yuxin , Liu Xiaoli , Feng Shirong , Zhao Kangbo , Qi Zhijun , Wu Wenjun , Xiao Jie , Xu Hong , Ran Mingwei , Qin Baofu 
Published: November 2023

Aphids are one of the most destructive pests in agricultural production. In addition, aphids are able to easily develop resistance to chemical insecticides due to their rapid reproduction and short generation periods. To explore an effective and environmentally friendly aphid control strategy, we isolated and examined a fungus with aphid-parasitizing activity. The strain (YJNfs21.11) was identified as Aspergillus flavus by ITS, 28S, and BenA gene sequence analysis. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the infection hyphae of ‘YJNfs21.11’ colonized and penetrated the aphid epidermal layer and subsequently colonized the body cavity. Field experiments showed that ‘YJNfs21.11’ and its fermentation products exerted considerable control on aphids, with a corrected efficacy of 96.87%. The lipase, protease, and chitinase secreted by fungi help aphid cuticle degradation, thus assisting spores in completing the infection process. Additionally, changes were observed in the mobility and physical signs of aphids, with death occurring within 60 h of infection. Our results demonstrate that A. flavus ‘YJNfs21.11’ exhibits considerable control on Aphis gossypii Glover and Hyalopterus arundimis Fabricius, making it a suitable biological control agent.
Biofilm Forms of Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Ниткин Д.М. 
Published: November 2023

В статье обсуждается роль биопленочных форм инфекции мочевых путей в развитии урологической патологии. Отмечается значение биопленок как дополнительного фактора вирулентности уропатогенов, существенно влияющего на рецидивирование инфекции мочевых путей и устойчивость к традиционным методам лечения и антибиотикотерапии. Рассматриваются методы профилактики формирования биопленок. Особое внимание уделяется возможностям долгосрочной фитотерапии как методу лечения и профилактики биопленочных форм инфекции мочевых путей.
The article discusses the role of biofilm forms of urinary tract infection in the development of urological pathology. The importance of biofilms as an additional factor of virulence of uropathogens, significantly affecting the recurrence of urinary tract infection and resistance to traditional methods of treatment and antibiotic therapy, is noted. Methods of prevention of biofilm formation are considered. Special attention is paid to the possibilities of long-term phytotherapy as a method of treatment and prevention of biofilm forms of urinary tract infection.
Overlapping Waves Strategy and Its Impact on Entrepreneurial Motivation
Authors: Saleh Ahmed Makki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract The study aims to test the effect of the independent variable (overlapping waves strategy) and the effect of its implications on the dependent variable (entrepreneurial motivation), for a sample of employees in the Ministry of Interior (the Ministry’s Agency for Administrative and Financial Affairs), represented by (general directors, directorate directors, and department directors), adults. Their number was (160) individuals, as the total study population amounted to (230) individuals. The (analytical exploratory approach) was adopted, and the (questionnaire) was the main tool for this, in addition to some personal interviews according to the requirements of the need for the study. A number of statistical methods were used, represented by analysis Confirmatory construct validity, the Pearson correlation coefficient, to measure the type and degree of relationship between the study variables, structural reliability analysis of the measurement tool (Cronbach's Alpha), and simple and multiple effect testing (structural equation modeling SEM), to determine differences in the sample answers, a set of The most important results are the presence of a positive correlation and a positive effect of the role of the overlapping waves strategy on entrepreneurial motivation.
A Lista Preliminar de Plantas Vasculares Endêmicas da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil, com Comentários sobre seus Status de Ameaça de Extinção
Authors: Gonçalves Cezar Neubert , Freitas de Azevedo Gonçalves Cristiane 
Published: November 2023

A Chapada Diamantina é a extensão norte da cadeia do Espinhaço e caracteriza-se por vegetações diversas e complexas. Também é caracterizada por muito endemismo das plantas, especialmente nos campos rupestres. Neste artigo é apresentada uma lista preliminar das plantas vasculares endêmicas de Chapada Diamantina. O conceito de Chapada Diamantina adotado aqui é a ecorregião "Complexo da Chapada Diamantina". A literatura botânica sobre floras regionais e inventários botânicos locais foi pesquisada por citações do endemismo. A lista retornou 459 espécies de plantas endêmicas da Chapada Diamantina, distribuídas entre 48 famílias botânicas e 156 gêneros. Oito gêneros compreenderam mais de 10 espécies endêmicas cada. Microlicia foi o gênero mais diversificado, com 38 espécies. Essa lista tem um caráter preliminar, pois poucos grupos na Chapada Diamantina foram intensamente estudados em toda a área, e a flora de várias localidades ainda é pouco conhecida. Como o primeiro esforço para sintetizar a literatura sobre o endemismo na Chapada Diamantina, a lista apresenta uma aproximação inicial da grande diversidade de espécies encontradas. Os dados disponíveis indicam, no entanto, que a diversidade é restrita principalmente a apenas alguns grupos. Um total de 285 espécies foram avaliadas em suas ameaças de extinção.Dessas, 277 espécies apresentam algum grau de ameaça, sendo 40 (14,44%) delas Criticamente emPerigo. Os fatores que influenciam a ameaça de extinção estão relacionados principalmente Ã pequenaárea de ocorrência de muitas espécies. Desmatamento e queimadas na vegetação são outros riscos. Por outro lado, várias espécies endêmicas não avaliadas são relativamente comuns na ChapadaDiamantina e não estão ameaçadas de extinção.
PAINTED POTTERY FROM OZHEVE-OSTRIV SETTLEMENT AND ITS FACTOR IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF CULTURAL CHANGES IN THE POPULATION OF CUCUTENI-TRYPILLIA CULTURAL COMPLEX OF BI STAGE
Authors: Zhelaha D. I. 
Published: November 2023

The characteristics of the painted pottery of the Ozheve-ostriv settlement is considered in the paper. Despite the small percentage of painted pottery among the ceramic complex of the Ozheve-ostriv this category is extremely important for determining the place of the settlement in the cultural-chronological structure of the Cucuteni-Trypillia cultural complex. By techniques all the painted vessels of the settlement have common features with the exception of the system of styles — the sequence of applying paint to the surface of the vessel. The styles identified at the settlement are characterized as synchronous, taking into account that features characteristic of the previous phase of the period (Cucuteni A3) and the synchronous phase (Cucuteni A4) have survived. Some of the forms presented at the settlement are also characterized by the forms of the previous phase, although new ones also appear (pear-shaped vessels with vertical crowns, helmet-shaped tires). With minor exceptions, the main stylistic features of the vessels in the form of ornamental schemes have also survived.
Due to the comparison of this pottery with the sites of the stage BI, it is possible to attribute this settlement to the Northern Moldovan local variant of the late phase of the stage BI (Cucuteni A4). Local variants of this phase are also synchronous with the settlement of Ozheve-ostriv. The issue of the synchronicity of the settlement with other ones such as Corlăteni and Vorniceni, characteristic of Cucuteni AB1 settlements, is considered separately.
It is proposed to assume a gradual resettlement of the population of the Cucuteni-Trypillia cultural complex to the territory of Middle Dniester region, in contrast to those processes of migratory «burst» that took place in the previous phase of the BI stage. In addition, attention is drawn to a certain «dependence» of cultural traditions on the region of the «core» of culture — Romanian Carpathian Region. The reasons for such dependence could be the general economic situation among the populations of the stage BI, when the population of the «core» of the culture could supply «prestige» objects made of copper in exchange for products of the raw material direction.
KURGAN SITES IN THE SAMARA RIVER BASIN: RESULTS OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
Authors: Teslenko D. L. , Kaiser E. , Shalobudov V. M. 
Published: November 2023

Four barrows (kurgans) were excavated in the basin of the river Samara in 2007—2008. Kurgan 1 near the village of Peschanka was located in its lower course. Three kurgans were situated near the mine «Stepova» in the middle course of Samara. Fifteen burials were discovered in the barrow 1 near the village of Peschanka. Three of them, graves 6, 7, 14 appear to be the earliest, exhibiting male burials and dating to the 38th to the 36th centuries BC (Eneolithic). The first burial mound was erected above these burials. Another two Eneolithic graves with skeletons of children were dug into the first kurgan. The construction of the Copper Age kurgan was completed after these two graves by digging a ditch around the mound.
Among the four burials of the Yamna culture grave 15 was the oldest. However, its radiocarbon date 3626—3106 cal BC seems to be very early and is therefore debatable. But analyses of stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon do not indicate a diet which might have caused a reservoir effect. The radiocarbon dates obtained for other burials in this kurgan correspond quite well with the relative chronology.
The graves 10 and 11 date to the Yamna culture as well, but show characteristics in the funeral rites of its final phase. The calibrated time spans fall into the interval of 27—24 centuries cal BC. They coincide with the absolute dating of the Early Catacomb culture.
C14-dates were also obtained for the catacomb graves 4 and 12. They agree well with the absolute and relative chronology of the developed phase of the Catacomb culture.
The earliest kurgan (barrow 4) near the mine «Stepova» was built above the destroyed burials of the Eneolithic. In all three kurgans graves of the earliest phase of the Yamna culture were found. Interestingly, the identical organization of the space under and in the barrows and the very similar of details of the funeral rites indicate that all three barrows form a single burial complex. Probably, all graves were erected according to the same canonical norms during a relatively short time period. Most likely a single community used and formed these Early Bronze Age barrows. Unfortunately, the absence of radiocarbon dating makes it impossible to verify this hypothesis.
The burials of the Catacomb culture discovered in the kurgans near the mine «Stepova» exhibit features of different phases and demonstrate the influence of various regions.
The grave of a Kipčak warrior appears to be the most recent burial in kurgan 4 and dates to the time of the Golden Horde.
THE PALAEOETHNOBOTANICAL MATERIALS OF THE CHORNOLISKA CULTURE FROM VOLOSHKOVE 6
Authors: Karmazina L. V. , Gorbanenko S. A. 
Published: November 2023

In 2022, the Dniester expedition of the «State Research Centre “Protective Archaeology Service of Ukraine”» of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine explored the multi-layered settlement of Voloshkove 6. The 528 m2 area has been studied and 62 objects were discovered. 46 of them belonged to the Chornoliska culture. In two objects (objects 1A and 49) the remains of botanical origin were found.
The researchers noticed the palaeoethnobotanical remains in time and removed the soil containing them. Samples have been taken and the burned macro-remains of plants also were selected by flotation. Using identification analysis it was ascertained that sample 1 (object 1A) contained several caryopses and fragments of barley (Hordeum vulgare). In sample 2 (object 49) about 15 cm3 of legume seeds — lentil (Lens culinaris) was distinguished. Isolated cleavers (Galium aparine) were found in small quantities in both samples.
Given the homogeneity of the finds, it can be argued that they are the result of harvesting and storing the harvest of one year. Sample 2 can be interpreted as a seed fund for future crops, which was stored in a separate container.
Today, this is the first find of charred macro-remains from the sites of the Chornoliska culture and the second reliable definition of the palaeoethnobotanical materials of this culture. Therefore, barley (Hordeum vulgare) was added to the previously established list cereals of millet (Panicum miliaceum) and emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccon) grown by the carriers of the Chornoliska culture. So far, legumes are represented only by lentil.
This finding does not yet make it possible to assess the grain farming as a whole. Currently, it only supplements the data on cultivated plants that were grown by the carriers of the Chornoliska culture.
EXPERIENCE OF EXPLORATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES BY DRILLING METHOD (Based on Paleolithic Materials)
Authors: Vietrov V. S. 
Published: November 2023

Over the past ten years, being in the Ukrainian Lower Palaeolithic Expedition of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and in personal field research, various drilling methods exclusively for the optimization of the exploration process have been tested. All these field works were carried out in order to find Palaeolithic sites. However, our exploratory drilling techniques can be used to locate a wide range of archaeological sites. The first stage of exploratory drilling was carried out in 2012—2014 in the Luhansk region, in the middle reaches of the Siverskyi Donets river system. The second stage of such works began in 2015. It concerns the study of Lower Palaeolithic sites near Medzhybizh settlement, Khmelnytskyi district, Khmelnytskyi region. Based on the results of many years of experimental work we offer our method of exploratory drilling on light loamy-sandy soils. We consider that the optimal depths of exploratory drilling are from 1 to 2 m. According to the characteristics of the soil and used equipment we recommend using the exploratory drilling method to search first of all the Paleolithic-Bronze Age sites. The most appropriate for such works are the sod areas of river terraces, river floodplains and peat bogs, dunes or sod sand plates, forest areas. It is also possible to recommend exploratory drilling on agricultural land where the point drilling will not damage the cultivated areas and raise the issue of reimbursement for the fallout of archaeological exploration.
The simple technology of reconnaissance works needs no high-skilled staff. The exploratory drilling is also to be recommended during the archaeological practice of first-year students of higher educational institutions. The progressive use of natural science methods in archaeological research is a reality today. The drilling method, as a technological component, can be applied as a non-invasive operation for the cultural layer, directly on the archaeological site. Drilling works can also be used in other types of research, as a method of selecting soil samples for the needs of geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and palaeobotany. Drilling can provide for the selection of single soil samples or complete soil columns for the description of an archaeological object using the methods of natural sciences.
REGARDING THE ATTRIBUTION OF SOME ITEMS FROM THE LYTA MOHYLA
Authors: Babenko L. I. 
Published: November 2023

The «Melgunov hoard» — a burial or burial-commemorative complex, which has been found during the excavations of the Lyta Mohyla in 1763, contained several items, functional destination of which is ambiguous.
In particular, the gold plate with a depiction of a monkey and three birds is considered by most researchers to be a headdress decoration. However, the characters reproduced on the Melgunov plate in terms of nomenclature and represented subjects are close to the images on precious tableware made by Middle Eastern masters at different times.
Therefore, it is more likely that this plate was cut from a thin-walled gold cup and was used to decorate the scabbard of a bladed weapon — a dagger or a long knife. Possessing two items of bladed weapons was widespread among the Scythians and it is recorded both in burials and on depiction of stone statues.
17 plates in the form of a predatory bird are most often classified as belt decorations. But the presence of a gorytos in a burial and the established tradition of decorating arrow cases with gold plates give grounds for attributing these plates precisely as decorations of the gorytos. It does not contradict the area covered with sheets of the gorytos area; a composition formed by several rows of plates is possible; the image of a predatory bird is used; fastening to the leather base with the help of wide loops.
One more item of bladed weapons in precious scabbard and a ceremonial gorytos, decorated with gold plates, confirm the high — royal — status of the owner of the set of items from the Lyta Mohyla. The proposed attributions, which assume the possible presence of several items of bladed weapons and a gorytos covered with precious plates in the burial complex, find full correspondence among the stable traditions of the Scythian culture.
Intermonde et revendications de droits
Authors: Lefort Élisabeth 
Published: November 2023

Cette contribution se concentre sur la théorie lefortienne des revendications de droits. Cette théorie, lue à la lumière de l’ontologie du social de Maurice Merleau-Ponty et son concept d’intermonde, révèle alors la dimension globale de toute action politique et de toute protestation. En insistant sur la complexité des relations humaines, la phénoménologie politique lefortienne se place ainsi à contre-courant des théories politiques contemporaines qui voient dans les droits l’expression d’un individualisme excessif. C’est en cela que se résume l’actualité politique à fois de Claude Lefort et de Maurice Merleau-Ponty : dans le rappel salutaire de l’indétermination essentielle de notre existence sociale et politique et, corrélativement, dans l’appel à réaliser sans cesse cette entente universelle qui n’adviendra jamais – l’appel à l’invention politique.
Pessimisme et émancipation
Authors: Rodier Clément 
Published: November 2023

La lecture commune et croisée des réflexions de Theodor Adorno et de Lewis Mumford révèle, chez chacun d’eux, une association à première vue surprenante. Leurs théories mêlent, en effet, un horizon émancipateur associé à un pessimisme théorique. Loin de dissoudre leurs charges réciproques, cette association entre pessimisme et émancipation en renouvelle au contraire leur signification critique. À travers l’exploration des pensées adornienne et mumfordienne, il s’agit ainsi d’exprimer cette reformulation et de démontrer toute sa pertinence pour (re)penser l’émancipation. Ce faisant, cet article entend aussi mettre en lumière l’existence d’une constellation philosophique méconnue, à laquelle se rattache nos deux protagonistes, celle des « sentinelles de la modernité ».
La ferme à enclos quadrangulaire du Bois des Olivettes à Roncourt (Moselle) : une catégorie d’établissement romain largement diffusée dans la vallée mosellane
Authors: Brkojewitsch Gaël , Chevaux Brice 
Published: November 2023

Une meilleure connaissance des campagnes romaines conduit aujourd’hui à prendre de la distance par rapport à la vision peu nuancée d’un monde rural exclusivement investi par un semis régulier de villae. Nombre de travaux démontrent que le phénomène est beaucoup plus complexe et témoignent d’une grande variété dans les modèles d’occupation du sol, avec des terroirs qui semblent propices à l’émergence de petites agglomérations paysannes, tandis que, dans d’autres, on perçoit le développement des villae de grande taille, en réponse à des contingences du milieu ou des exigences spécifiques. En association à la villa, la bibliographie signale des fermes, qui ont pour caractéristiques de posséder une assiette surfacique plus réduite, inférieure à 2,50 ha, et un niveau de raffinement et de confort plutôt modeste. Ces petits établissements, qu’ils soient ou non situés dans la sphère d’influence d’une grande villa, sont à présent mieux connus, mais aucune synthèse ne leur est à ce jour consacrée. Les recherches récentes, qui multiplient les découvertes à l’occasion de fouilles et de prospections, suggèrent l’existence de plusieurs formes différentes, dont une catégorie particulière de fermes souvent bipartites, à enclos quadrangulaire. À partir de la présentation détaillée du cas de la ferme de Roncourt, qui, par sa très bonne conservation constitue un exemple éclairant, cet article a pour ambition de montrer la diffusion et la standardisation de ce type de ferme dans certains secteurs du nord-est de la Gaule, en particulier dans la moyenne vallée de la Moselle.