bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design Problem of Travel Sections for Shared Autonomous Vehicles Considering the Immaturity of Autonomous Vehicle Technology
Authors: Shimamoto Hiroshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMost studies of shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) have assumed established automated driving technology. In contrast, this study assumes that automated driving technology is not yet mature; it proposes two types of models to optimize the number of SAVs and the sections they travel. The first model (i.e., the ‘actual depot model’) does not consider the travel distance from the depot to the service start and end points. The second (i.e., the ‘virtual depot model’) considers the as-described travel distance. We showed in the actual depot model that under mild assumptions, the continuity condition of the SAV travel segments can be described by a simple constraint condition. The models were then applied to a hypothetical network; the performances of the models confirmed that the evaluation indicators for the virtual depot model tended to be better than the indicators for the actual depot model.
A system for the management of sandy shorelines under climate change: United States Virgin Islands (USVI)
Authors: Chalazas Theodoros , Bove Gerald , Chatzistratis Dimitrios , Monioudi Isavela N. , Velegrakis Adonis F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA methodological framework is presented for the assessment of beach vulnerability to climate variability and change on small touristic islands. Based on the development of a coastal vulnerability index (CVI) fueled by open-source Earth Observations and social media information, it includes both physical and socio-economic characteristics of the shoreline. In a pilot study in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVIs), most beaches were found to be vulnerable to erosion. The CVI was utilized to rank the most likely vulnerable beaches, which were then studied using historic geomorphologic data; these beaches were confirmed to be predominantly eroding. Significant erosion is projected as sea levels rise; for example, by 2050 under the RCP8.5 scenario, more than 50% of the 30 most vulnerable USVI beaches will erode by 50–100% of their current maximum width. The framework is designed to be used in vulnerable coastal settings that have limited financial and human resources.
The Experience of Raising Girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systematic Review of Qualitative Research Studies
Authors: Hopkins Nicola , Iles Jane , Satherley Rose-Marie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAutistic females often present differently to autistic males, which can lead to difficulties obtaining a diagnosis and subsequent support. Parenting an autistic daughter has been linked to additional parenting stress compared to parenting an autistic son. However, research in this area is limited. A systematic review was undertaken to synthesise qualitative studies on parental experiences of raising autistic females. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and thematic synthesis was completed. Six themes were created. The analysis found issues with diagnosis and differences in lived experience compared to autistic males can present significant challenges. Parents can struggle with a range of negative emotions or feel overwhelmed. However, studies also found benefits to parenting an autistic daughter, such as increased confidence in parenting.
A novel regularized weighted estimation method for information diffusion prediction in social networks
Authors: Mashayekhi Yoosof , Rezvanian Alireza , Vahidipour S. Mehdi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, social networks have become popular among Internet users, and various studies have been performed on the analysis of users’ behavior in social networks. Information diffusion analysis is one of the leading fields in social network analysis. In this context, users are influenced by other users in the social network, such as their friends. User behavior is analyzed using several models designed for information diffusion modeling and prediction. In this paper, first, the problem of estimating the diffusion probabilities for the independent cascade model is studied. We propose a method for estimating diffusion probabilities. This method assigns a weight to each individual diffusion sample within a network. To account for the different effects of diffusion samples, several weighting schemes are proposed. Afterward, the proposed method is applied to real cascade datasets such as Twitter and Digg. We try to estimate diffusion probabilities for the independent cascade model considering the continuous time of nodes’ infections. The results of our evaluation of our methods are presented based on several datasets. The results show the high performance of our methods in terms of training time as well as other metrics such as mean absolute error and F-measure.
La Ve République des Lettres
Authors: Messling Markus 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Renouveau des Realismus ist für die französischsprachige Literatur detailliert beschrieben worden. Dass dieser aber nicht allein in einer sozialen Krise begründet ist, sondern eher in einer Begründungsnot der sozialen Welt, dafür argumentiert der Artikel. Wenn der neue Realismus mit dem Ende der 80er Jahre ansetzt, so liegt dahinter ein Abschmelzen des Universalismus, ein Geltungsverlust, der sich als Grundproblem der Darstellung von Welt manifestiert.
High-Order ADER Discontinuous Galerkin Schemes for a Symmetric Hyperbolic Model of Compressible Barotropic Two-Fluid Flows
Authors: Río-Martín Laura , Dumbser Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite-element method to solve the barotropic version of the conservative symmetric hyperbolic and thermodynamically compatible (SHTC) model of compressible two-phase flow, introduced by Romenski et al. in [59, 62], in multiple space dimensions. In the absence of algebraic source terms, the model is endowed with a curl constraint on the relative velocity field. In this paper, the hyperbolicity of the system is studied for the first time in the multidimensional case, showing that the original model is only weakly hyperbolic in multiple space dimensions. To restore the strong hyperbolicity, two different methodologies are used: (i) the explicit symmetrization of the system, which can be achieved by adding terms that contain linear combinations of the curl involution, similar to the Godunov-Powell terms in the MHD equations; (ii) the use of the hyperbolic generalized Lagrangian multiplier (GLM) curl-cleaning approach forwarded. The PDE system is solved using a high-order ADER-DG method with a posteriori subcell finite-volume limiter to deal with shock waves and the steep gradients in the volume fraction commonly appearing in the solutions of this type of model. To illustrate the performance of the method, several different test cases and benchmark problems have been run, showing the high order of the scheme and the good agreement when compared to reference solutions computed with other well-known methods.
Investigating the trade-off between response time and complexity in the Levenberg–Marquardt ANN-MPPT algorithm used in wind energy conversion systems
Authors: Kawashty Amro A. , Abdellatif Sameh O. , Ebrahim Gamal A. , Ghali Hani A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe integration of artificial intelligence (AI) models in renewable energy resources management, particularly in the utilization of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) optimizers, has gained significant attention. This study focuses on investigating the tradeoff between accuracy, response time, and system complexity by varying the number of neurons in artificial neural network (ANN) models for MPPT in wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). Traditionally, MPPT algorithms in WECSs are implemented using direct or indirect methods. However, these methods lack an accumulative learning curve and rely on instantaneous inputs. In contrast, ANN models trained on pre-existing datasets offer the potential for improved maximum point capturing processes. Nevertheless, the incorporation of ANN models may introduce additional complexity to the system. Two ANN models, direct and indirect, are examined in comparison to a reference model using the perturb and observe conventional MPPT algorithm. The results show that the ANN direct model exhibits better time response in the face of high variations in wind speed profiles. On the other hand, the ANN indirect model demonstrates a 4% increase in accuracy with minimal ripples.
An evaluation of NERC learning-based approaches to discover personal data in Brazilian Portuguese documents
Authors: Ignaczak Luciano , Martins Márcio Garcia , da Costa Cristiano André , Donida Bruna , da Silva Maria Cristina Peres 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGovernments are issuing regulations and laws demanding that companies protect collected and processed personal data. In Brazil, the federal government sanctioned the General Personal Data Protection law, which defines personal and sensitive data associated with Brazilian citizens. One existing barrier for companies to comply with the law is identifying where personal data is stored inside their infrastructure, mainly concerning personal data inserted into unstructured documents. Named Entity Recognition and Classification (NERC) can support companies in this task by implementing supervised learning models to identify personal data. In this study, we designed an experiment to evaluate machine learning-based NERC using BERT and LSTM approaches to recognize personal data related to Brazil’s context. We established a generic training corpus based on online documents and trained two models for each approach, one considering the original corpus and another after lowercasing it. The study also assessed relation extraction to differentiate personal entities from others. For NERC and relation extraction evaluations, we established a training corpus comprising documents from two organizations related to the education and health sectors. BERT fine-tuned with uncased corpus scored an F1 measure of 0.8 and achieved the best performance in recognizing entities, followed by LSTM based on the same corpus. After applying relation extraction, BERT models achieved better F1 scores than LSTM models. The uncased BERT model achieved an F1 score of 0.85, which was the best. Experiment results also indicated that relation extraction improves the performance of BERT models to discover personal entities.
Building Case Investigation and Contact Tracing Programs in US State and Local Health Departments: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Woodward Alexandra , Rivers Caitlin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:
At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to this day, US state, tribal, local, and territorial health departments lacked comprehensive case investigation and contact tracing (CI/CT) guidelines that clearly define the capabilities and capacities of CI/CT programs and how to scale up these programs to respond to outbreaks. This research aims to identify the capabilities and capacities of CI/CT programs and to develop a conceptual framework that represents the relationships between these program components.

Methods:
This study conducted a narrative literature review and qualitative interviews with 10 US state and local health departments and 4 public health experts to identify and characterize the capacities and capabilities of CI/CT programs.

Results:
This research resulted in the first comprehensive analysis of the capabilities and capacities of CI/CT programs and a conceptual framework that illustrates the interrelationships between the capacities, capabilities, outcomes, and impacts of CI/CT programs.

Conclusions:
Our findings highlight the need for further guidance to assist jurisdictional health departments in shifting CI/CT program goals as outbreaks evolve. Training the public health workforce on making decisions around CI/CT program implementation during outbreaks is critical to ensure readiness for a variety of outbreak scenarios.
Introducing a Research Programme for Quantum Humanities: Theoretical Implications
Authors: Bötticher Astrid , Hernandez Jose , Kettemann Matthias C. , Gast Volker , Araiza Bravo Rodrigo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuantum computing is a form of computing based on the principles of quantum mechanics. Quantum computing promises to revolutionise society through technological solutions to previously unsolvable problems or by enhancing the capacities of current computational technologies. Additionally, quantum computing has the potential to revolutionise the humanities and social sciences. We denote the study of these changes as “quantum humanities”, whose study focuses on the potential of quantum computing. This paper proposes a research programme for quantum humanities, which includes the application of quantum algorithms to humanities research, reflection on the methods and techniques of quantum computing and evaluation of its potential societal implications. Moreover, we argue that, foundationally, quantum mechanics has serious implications for the ways in which data and information are used to produce seemingly objective technologies. Thus, quantum computing is a nexus for the study of knowledge itself. This research programme aims to define the field of quantum humanities and to establish it as a meaningful part of the humanities and social sciences.
A Waldensian Pastor Between the Confessional Myth and National Genealogy History and Religious Reform in Emilio Comba (1839–1904)
Authors: Shirakawa Taro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEmilio Comba, a leading Waldensian historian in the nineteenth century, was a strong advocate for nation-building in post-unification Italy. This article examines the relationship between Comba's “making Italians” endeavors and his historical writings, focusing mainly on his appropriation of the preceding confessional framework. As a fervent nationalist and evangelical pastor, Comba believed that true Risorgimento required not only political independence but also a religious reform of the Italian nation that would restore Italians to the original Religion of Christ. He envisioned this national reform as a realization of both liberty and the Gospel within the universal history of the Christian religion. Comba employed historical writings to support his claims, attempting to demonstrate how Italy was a perennially Protestant nation on the one hand and to serve as a magistra vitae for fellow citizens on the other. This article argues that Comba relied on a genealogical narrative structure inherited from the early modern protestant historiography in presenting his national history. By recasting its composition according to a category of the nation, he transformed a confessional genealogy of the true church into a national one. From a broader perspective, this article calls for further reflection on the role that the early modern intellectual framework played in the process of modern nation-building.
Slim north, fat south: explaining regional differences in abnormal weights in Nigeria
Authors: Alabi Tunde A. , Badru Oluwaseun A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWeight abnormalities (underweight, overweight, and obesity) can cause life-threatening ailments. This study investigates disparities in the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity between northern and southern Nigeria and their associated factors. Using the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), the study analysed a sample of 12,333 women with complete records of body mass index. The study found that southern women had lower odds of being underweight than women in the north, but the reverse was the case for overweight and obesity. The prevalence of underweight was 11.6%, and it varies from 6.9% in the southern state of Enugu to 31.6% in the northern state of Jigawa. The national prevalence of overweight was 17.9%, ranging from 6.7% in Jigawa State of the northern region to 39.9% in Lagos State of the south. Similarly, the prevalence of obesity in the north was 6.1% compared to 14.4% in the south, with Anambra State of the southern region recording the highest figure of 35.5% compared to 2.1% in the Yobe State of the northern region. In all, the rate of abnormal weight was significantly higher in the south than in the north. However, the type of weight abnormality varies between the two regions. Religion, education, use of contraceptives, and wealth were associated with the three forms of abnormal weights. However, while religion was significantly associated with obesity in the north, the association was not significant in the south. This study found that wealth and education have dissimilar influences on overnutrition. While the odds of being overweight and obese increase with wealth, being educated up to a secondary level significantly reduces the odds in Nigeria and across the two regions.
Endoscopic ossiculoplasty in traumatic conductive hearing loss with intact tympanic membrane: a five-year experience
Authors: Salem Mohammed Abdelbadie , El-Kholy Noha Ahmed , Hemdan Ahmed , ElSobki Ahmed Abdel-Fattah , Ghonim Mohamed Rashad , Ghoniem Mahitab Rashad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundExploratory tympanotomy in cases of traumatic ossicular disruption with intact tympanic membrane is crucial for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Performing this procedure using the endoscope is gaining popularity. Hence, this study aimed to demonstrate varieties of ossicular pathology and their management in our institution.MethodsA retrospective evaluation was conducted of 136 ears in patients with traumatic ossicular disruption with an intact tympanic membrane, who underwent endoscopic exploratory tympanotomy. A proposed algorithm was followed, to incorporate different traumatic ossicular possibilities. Assessment of hearing outcomes and surgical complications was performed six months post-operatively.ResultsIncudostapedial dislocation was the most commonly encountered type of traumatic ossicular disruption (35.3 per cent). Air conduction threshold improved significantly following endoscopic ossiculoplasty, from 50.9 ± 6.35 dB pre-operatively to 22.35 ± 3.27 dB post-operatively, with successful air–bone gap closure.ConclusionEndoscopic ear surgery is effective in the diagnosis and management of challenging cases of post-traumatic ossicular disruption with an intact tympanic membrane.
Viability of ‘ōhai Sesbania tomentosa seeds after 3 decades of ambient conditions
Authors: Saling Emily , Wolkis Dustin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe plant species Sesbania tomentosa (‘ōhai; Fabaceae) is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, federally listed as endangered in the USA and has been proposed for categorization as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. In 2021, c. 12,000 seeds from 12 seed lots collected during 1990–1992 from across the Hawaiian Islands were discovered in ambient herbarium conditions (55% relative humidity (RH) at 20 °C). International gene bank standards suggest drying seeds in equilibrium with 15% RH and stored at −18 °C. To investigate seed viability, we mechanically scarified then sowed 15 seeds from each accession at daily alternating regimes of 12 h light and 12 h dark at temperatures of 25/15 °C, respectively. Germination was observed after 7 days and ended after 34 days. Mean final germination was 88.9 ± SD 0.1% (range 73–100%). Each seed lot was accessioned into the National Tropical Botanical Garden's Seed Bank and Laboratory. In seeds with a water-impermeable seed coat (i.e. physical dormancy), such as S. tomentosa, seeds can desorb but not absorb water. Therefore, if the seeds were initially dried, although exposed to high RH for up to 32 years, seed equilibrium RH may have remained low, which may in part explain the observed high germinability. This study holds significance for managers who are working to conserve this endangered Hawaiian species and suggests that even suboptimal conditions may still yield highly viable seeds several decades into the future.
What we learnt from parents’ death experience: A cross-sectional study of death literacy and parent’s death quality among adult children in China
Authors: Li Xiang , Che Sok Leng , Zhu Mingxia , Ng Wai I. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims at investigating the current status of death literacy and parent’s death quality among adult children in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to explore the associations between death literacy and parent’s death quality and to provide evidence for developing public policies for improving the quality of death and end-of-life care for the population in the Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China.MethodsA cross-sectional design was adopted. Participants who experienced their father’s and/or mother’s death were recruited from 5 cities in the GBA of China in 2022. The Good Death Inventory (GDI) and the Death Literacy Index (DLI) were used to investigate the perceived quality of death of the parents of the participants and the death literacy of the participants.ResultsA total of 511 participants were recruited. Participants with higher GDI scores were positively associated with DLI scores (p < 0.001). Adult children who had close relationships before their parents’ death also had higher levels of DLI.Significance of resultsThis study investigated death literacy among bereaved adult children in China, filling a gap in the investigation of death literacy among Chinese residents. It found that parents’ death experience can have a significant impact on the death literacy of adult children, which may affect their understanding and preparation for their own eventual death. Promotion of family discussion on death, development of community palliative care, and improving public death literacy are urgently needed in China.
Compact ACS-fed MIMO antenna with dual-band notch characteristics for UWB applications
Authors: Lu Zhongyuan , Lin Han , Wang Zhonggen , Nie Wenyan , Mu Weidong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn ultra-wideband (UWB) and compact-size four-port multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with a footprint of 34 mm × 34 mm fed by an asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS) is investigated. The proposed antenna is composed of four orthogonally placed identical modified elliptical-shaped radiators and achieves an impedance bandwidth of 3.4–12.2 GHz. By etching two inverted L-shaped slots in the radiator element, WLAN band and X-band are rejected in the operating communication range. Because of the usage of a meander line decoupler, the isolation enhancement at the 8–12 GHz band is achieved and the isolation is more than 18 dB for most of the UWB range. The performance of the proposed antenna is studied in terms of isolation between each port, radiation pattern, current distribution, gain, envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, and total active reflection coefficient. The compact size and reduced complexity make the proposed design highly suitable for portable devices.