bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement model of circadian action factor of phosphor-converted white LEDs based on photometric, electrical, and thermal properties
Authors: Shen Xuehua , Chen Huanting , Xu Min , Ji Xiaoxi , Qin Qun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Light stimulus is confirmed to have critical non-visual biological effects on human beings, and thus evaluation of lighting quality should not be limited to traditional visual performance. The circadian action factor (CAF) has been put forward to quantify such non-visual effects of light sources. This paper focuses on studying the photometric, electrical, and thermal properties of widely used phosphor-converted white LEDs (PC-WLEDs), and establishes an indirect measurement model of CAF regarding temperature, current and excitation wavelength. During modeling, the spectral power distribution of PC-WLEDs is described as an extended Gaussian function of the double-color (blue-yellow) spectrum. In verifications, the remarkable consistency is obtained between indirect measurements and direct calculations, while the maximum relative errors do not exceed 2.6% and the mean relative errors do not exceed 0.9%. The proposed measurement model involves a series of optical tests and calibrations, which are simple for LED system designers to comply with. It offers an effective tool to quantify the PC-WLEDs’ non-visual biological effects on human beings, avoiding costly optical instruments and laborious calculations. Furthermore, it provides a potential theoretical foundation for realizing human-centric assessment, regulation and control of artificial lighting.
A machine learning approach for real-time cortical state estimation
Authors: Weiss David A , Borsa Adriano MF , Pala Aurélie , Sederberg Audrey J , Stanley Garrett B 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective. Cortical function is under constant modulation by internally-driven, latent variables that regulate excitability, collectively known as ‘cortical state’. Despite a vast literature in this area, the estimation of cortical state remains relatively ad hoc, and not amenable to real-time implementation. Here, we implement robust, data-driven, and fast algorithms that address several technical challenges for online cortical state estimation. Approach. We use unsupervised Gaussian mixture models to identify discrete, emergent clusters in spontaneous local field potential signals in cortex. We then extend our approach to a temporally-informed hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM) with Gaussian observations to better model and infer cortical state transitions. Finally, we implement our HSMM cortical state inference algorithms in a real-time system, evaluating their performance in emulation experiments. Main results. Unsupervised clustering approaches reveal emergent state-like structure in spontaneous electrophysiological data that recapitulate arousal-related cortical states as indexed by behavioral indicators. HSMMs enable cortical state inferences in a real-time context by modeling the temporal dynamics of cortical state switching. Using HSMMs provides robustness to state estimates arising from noisy, sequential electrophysiological data. Significance. To our knowledge, this work represents the first implementation of a real-time software tool for continuously decoding cortical states with high temporal resolution (40 ms). The software tools that we provide can facilitate our understanding of how cortical states dynamically modulate cortical function on a moment-by-moment basis and provide a basis for state-aware brain machine interfaces across health and disease.
Coupled bunch mode zero correction within the orbit feedback bandwidth
Authors: Kallakuri P , Brill A , Carwardine J , Emery L , Sereno N 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The fast orbit feedback (FOFB) bandwidth for Advanced photon source upgrade (APS-U) will be DC-1 kHz and the synchrotron frequency will be between 100-560 Hz. This frequency overlap places coupled bunch mode 0 (CBM0) induced horizontal orbit motion inside the orbit feedback bandwidth, potentially affecting our ability to achieve beam stability goals. Longitudinal feedback kicker is not strong enough to damp CBM0 oscillations. We developed new beam-based feedback method to suppress CBM0 oscillations with low level RF phase as actuator. It uses existent FOFB framework with no changes to the feedback algorithm. Effectiveness of this method is verified using present APS operations lattice where synchrotron frequency is outside orbit feedback bandwidth. In the present work, low alpha lattice is created to emulate APS-U setting where synchrotron frequency is inside the orbit feedback bandwidth. Experiments with this lattice successfully demonstrated CBM0 correction within orbit feedback bandwidth. Combined operation of orbit feedback and CBM0 correction is stable, and CBM0 oscillations are damped. We achieved better orbit motion suppression and corrector drive efforts are reduced as well.
Design and study of cavity quadrupole moment and energy spread monitor
Authors: Wang Q , Dong Q , Huang L , Luo Q 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A nondestructive method to measure beam energy spread using the quadrupole modes within a microwave cavity is proposed. Compared with a button beam position monitor (BBPM) or a stripline beam position monitor (SBPM), the cavity monitor is a narrow band pickup and therefore has better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and resolution. In this study, a rectangular cavity monitor is designed. TM220 mode operating at 4.76 GHz in the cavity reflects the quadrupole moment of the beam. The cavity plans to be installed behind a bending magnet in Dalian Coherent Light Source (DCLS), an extreme ultraviolet FEL facility. In this position, the beam has a larger dispersion, which is beneficial to measure the energy spread. A quadrupole magnet, a fluorescent screen, and a SBPM with eight electrodes is installed near the cavity for calibration and comparison. The systematic framework and simulation results are also discussed in this paper.
Applications of nuclear physics to energy: the INFN-E project of the National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN)
Authors: Ripani M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this talk, the main issues in radioactive waste management worldwide will be briefly introduced, as well as the world roadmap towards nuclear fusion. Then, an overview of the activities of the INFN-E (INFN Energia) strategic project will be given, showing how INFN's skills on basic theoretical aspects and on the design, construction and use of accelerators and radiation detectors can be applied to specific projects for the characterization and monitoring of radioactive waste as a means to increase nuclear safety and in the context of advanced plants for the study of nuclear fusion.
Advances in the TCAD modelling of non-irradiated and irradiated Low-Gain Avalanche Diode sensors
Authors: Croci T. , Morozzi A. , Fondacci A. , Lanteri L. , Siviero F. , Sola V. , Ferrero M. , Menzio L. , Mulargia R. , Arcidiacono R. , Cartiglia N. , Bilei G.M. , Passeri D. , Moscatelli F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The recently developed Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) technology has gained growing interest within the high-energy physics (HEP) community, thanks to its capability of internal signal amplification that improves the particle detection. Since the next generation of HEP experiments will require tracking detectors able to efficiently operate in environments where expected fluences will exceed 1 × 1017 1 MeV n
eq/cm2, the design of radiation-resistant particle detectors becomes of utmost importance. To this purpose, Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) simulations are a relevant part of the current detector R&D, not only to support the sensor design and optimization, but also for a better understanding and modelling of radiation damage. In this contribution, the recent advances in the TCAD modelling of non-irradiated and irradiated LGAD sensors are presented, whose validation relies on the agreement between the simulated and experimental data — in terms of current-voltage (I-V), capacitance-voltage (C-V), and gain-voltage (G-V) characteristics, coming from devices manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics (HPK), and accounting for different irradiation levels and temperatures.
Hetero-epitaxial grown Pt@Au core-shell bimetallic nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media
Authors: Raghavendra P , Sekhar Y Chandra , Reddy G Vishwakshan , Chandana P Sri , Sarma L Subramanyam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The core-shell structured Pt@Aubimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) were decorated on the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) surface by a heteroepitaxial growth method. The morphological details of Pt@Au/RGO core/shell bimetallic NPs were assessed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Electron microscopy results revealed that Pt@Au particles of 3.4 nm were firmly attached to RGO sheets. The electrochemical response of Pt@Au/RGO nanostructured electrocatalyst was measured through cyclic voltammetry (CV) at room temperature in 0.1 M KOH solution. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) efficacies of Pt@Au/RGO were evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) by rotating catalyst-coated glassy carbon (GC) electrode at different rotation speeds in oxygen saturated 0.1 M KOH solution. The electrochemical activity descriptors (half-wave potential, onset potential, limiting current density) were assessed from ORR polarisation curves. The results revealed that Pt@Au/RGO bimetallic NPs showed enhanced higher catalytic activity towards ORR compared to commercial Pt/C catalyst as well as similarly synthesised Pt/RGO and Au/RGO. The enhanced catalytic activity of Pt@Au/RGO electrocatalyst might result from the core/shell structure with a tiny Pt core and a thin Au shell, as well as the synergistic effects of Au and Pt.
Dielectric barrier discharge plasma-assisted catalytic ammonia synthesis: synergistic effect of Ni-MOF-74 catalyst and nanosecond pulsed plasma
Authors: XU 徐 Xiaofang 晓芳 , SUN 孙 Meng 萌 , SONG 宋 Qinlong 勤龙 , WU 吴 Xuan 璇 , CHEN 陈 Chongchong 冲冲 , CHEN 陈 Qiang 强 , ZHANG 张 Haibao 海宝 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ammonia is one of the most important chemical raw materials in both manufacture and life of human. Traditionally Haber-Bosch method for ammonia synthesis involves high temperature and high pressure conditions, leading to significant energy consumption and environmental pollution. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is a promising alternative approach to ammonia synthesis at low temperature and atmospheric pressure. In this study, the synergistic effect of nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (np-DBD) and Ni-MOF-74 catalyst was investigated in ammonia synthesis by utilizing nitrogen and hydrogen as feedstock. The results demonstrated that the plasma catalytic-synthesis process parameters play a crucial role in the synthesis process of ammonia. The highest ammonia synthesis rate of 5145.16 μmol·g−1·h−1 with an energy efficiency of 1.27 g·kWh−1 was observed in the presence of the Ni-MOF-74 catalyst, which was 3.7 times higher than that without Ni-MOF-74 catalyst. The synergistic effect of Ni-MOF-74 catalyst and nanosecond pulsed plasma was explored by in-situ plasma discharge diagnostics.
Preparation of palladium-based catalyst by plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition and its applications in CO2 hydrogenation reduction
Authors: TANG 唐 Shouxian 守贤 , TIAN 田 Di 地 , LI 李 Zheng 筝 , (王正铎) Zhengduo WANG , (刘博文) Bowen LIU , CHENG 程 Jiushan 久珊 , LIU 刘 Zhongwei 忠伟 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Supported Pd catalyst is an important noble metal material in recent years due to its high catalytic performance in CO2 hydrogenation. A fluidized-bed plasma assisted atomic layer deposition (FP-ALD) process is reported to fabricate Pd nanoparticle catalyst over γ-Al2O3 or Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 support, using palladium hexafluoroacetylacetonate as the Pd precursor and H2 plasma as counter-reactant. Scanning transmission electron microscopy exhibits that high-density Pd nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed over Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 support with an average diameter of 4.4 nm. The deposited Pd-Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 shows excellent catalytic performance for CO2 hydrogenation in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor. Under a typical condition of H2 to CO2 ratio of 4 in the feed gas, the discharge power of 19.6 W, and gas hourly space velocity of 10000 h−1, the conversion of CO2 is as high as 16.3% with CH3OH and CH4 selectivities of 26.5% and 3.9%, respectively.
Machine learning-based prediction of multi-muon events in the INO-ICAL prototype stack
Authors: Samuel Deepak , Murgod Lakshmi P 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The upcoming India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) will host a 50 kton magnetized Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) to study atmospheric neutrinos. As part of its proposal, small-scale prototype detectors have been built and are in operation. The primary focus in these prototypes has been on detector characterization studies. At the same time, few physics analyses were also carried out with the cosmic muon data collected. However, due to the small size of the detectors, such analyses always relied on the assumption that the tracks were of single muons only. Consequently, multi-muon events were discarded as noisy events, reducing the physics potential. In this work, we report the development of a machine learning model to predict multi-muon events, study its efficiency and report the muon multiplicity distribution observed using cosmic muon events from the prototype detector.
Bayesian semiparametric model for sequential treatment decisions with informative timing
Authors: Oganisian Arman , Getz Kelly D , Alonzo Todd A , Aplenc Richard , Roy Jason A 
Published: January 2024

Summary
We develop a Bayesian semiparametric model for the impact of dynamic treatment rules on survival among patients diagnosed with pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The data consist of a subset of patients enrolled in a phase III clinical trial in which patients move through a sequence of four treatment courses. At each course, they undergo treatment that may or may not include anthracyclines (ACT). While ACT is known to be effective at treating AML, it is also cardiotoxic and can lead to early death for some patients. Our task is to estimate the potential survival probability under hypothetical dynamic ACT treatment strategies, but there are several impediments. First, since ACT is not randomized, its effect on survival is confounded over time. Second, subjects initiate the next course depending on when they recover from the previous course, making timing potentially informative of subsequent treatment and survival. Third, patients may die or drop out before ever completing the full treatment sequence. We develop a generative Bayesian semiparametric model based on Gamma Process priors to address these complexities. At each treatment course, the model captures subjects’ transition to subsequent treatment or death in continuous time. G-computation is used to compute a posterior over potential survival probability that is adjusted for time-varying confounding. Using our approach, we estimate the efficacy of hypothetical treatment rules that dynamically modify ACT based on evolving cardiac function.
Extensive expertise in endocrinology: adrenal crisis in assisted reproduction and pregnancy
Authors: Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Appropriate management of adrenal insufficiency in pregnancy is challenging due to the rarity of both primary, secondary, and tertiary forms of the disease and the lack of evidence-based recommendations to guide clinicians to glucocorticoid and sometimes also mineralocorticoid dosage adjustments. Debut of adrenal insufficiency during pregnancy requires immediate diagnosis as it can lead to adrenal crisis, intrauterine growth restriction, and foetal demise. Diagnosis is difficult due to the overlap of symptoms of adrenal insufficiency and its crisis with those of pregnancy. Adrenal insufficiency in stable replacement treatment needs careful monitoring during pregnancy to adapt to the physiological changes in the requirements of the adrenal hormones. This is hampered because the diagnostic threshold of most adrenocortical hormones is not applicable during pregnancy. The frequent use of assisted reproduction technology with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in these patient groups with disease-induced low fertility has created an unrecognised risk of adrenal crises due to accelerated oestrogen stimulation with an increased risk of even life-threatening complications for both the woman and foetus. The area needs consensus recommendations between gynaecologists and endocrinologists in tertiary referral centres to alleviate such increased gestational risk. Patient and partner education and the use of the EU emergency card for the management of adrenal crises can also contribute to better pregnancy outcomes. There is a strong need for more research on, for example, the improvement of glucocorticoid replacement as well as crisis management treatment and biomarkers for treatment optimization in this field, which suffers from the rare nature of the diseases and poor funding.
Bacteria involved in the sulfur cycle in tarballs collected from the Alabama Gulf Coast
Authors: Gwak Joo-Han , Rhee Sung-Keun , Park Joong-Wook 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tarballs are formed from released or discharged crude oil containing sulfur compounds. A considerable amount and variety of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) were identified in tarballs collected from the intertidal and supratidal zones of Alabama’s Gulf beaches. Amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene showed that SRB were more abundantly distributed in the core than on the surface of tarballs, while no significant differences were observed in the distribution of SOB. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on the spatial distribution of diverse SRB and SOB in tarballs.
Is povidone-iodine pleurodesis as effective, safe and well tolerated as talc pleurodesis for recurrent malignant pleural effusions?
Authors: Bonser Sophie A , Zhu Michael Z L , McKay Glenn S 
Published: January 2024

Summary
A best evidence topic in thoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was ‘For patients with malignant pleural effusion is chemical pleurodesis with povidone-iodine as effective, safe and well tolerated as talc pleurodesis for prevention of recurrent malignant pleural effusions?’. A total of 124 papers were found during the search, of which 8 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal, date, country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers were tabulated. At present, medical-grade talc is the most commonly used agent for chemical pleurodesis due to its high success rate, extensive history of clinical use and well-known side-effect profile. However, studies using povidone-iodine seek to establish it as a readily available,low-cost alternative to talc that can be easily administered through an intercostal catheter at the bedside. The summation of available evidence suggests that povidone-iodine is a safe, well-tolerated and equally efficacious agent for pleurodesis in the setting of malignant pleural effusion, when compared to talc.
Stable and efficient seismic impedance inversion using quantum annealing with L1 norm regularization
Authors: Wang Silin , Liu Cai , Li Peng , Chen Changle , Song Chao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Seismic impedance inversion makes a significant contribution to locating hydrocarbons and interpreting seismic data. However, it suffers from non-unique solutions, and a direct linear inversion produces large errors. Global optimization methods, such as simulated annealing, have been applied in seismic impedance inversion and achieved promising inversion results. Over the last decades, there has been an increasing interest in quantum computing. Owing to its natural parallelism, quantum computing has a powerful computational capability and certain advantages in solving complex inverse problems. In this article, we present a stable and efficient impedance inversion using quantum annealing with L1 norm regularization, which significantly improves the inversion accuracy compared to the traditional simulated annealing method. Tests on a one-dimensional 10-layer model with noisy data demonstrate that the new method exhibits significantly improved accuracy and stability. Additionally, we perform seismic impedance inversion for synthetic data from the overthrust model and field data using two methods. These results demonstrate that the quantum annealing impedance inversion with L1 norm regularization dramatically enhances the accuracy and anti-noise ability.
Development of non-hydrophilic similar materials for weakly cemented rocks and its experimental application in water conservation mining
Authors: Gu Qingheng , Qi Minjie , Zhao Guangming , Ma Qing , Guo Weiyao , Lu Wenlong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The mining of coal mines in western China needs to focus on protecting groundwater. A non-hydrophilic similar material for simulating the development and hydraulic conductivity of weakly cemented overlying strata fractures was developed. Fine sand, coarse sand, and gypsum are used as aggregates. Paraffin and Vaseline are used as binders. The non-hydrophilic material ratios of weakly cemented sandy mudstone and medium-grained sandstone were determined by orthogonal experiments, and used for similar simulation tests. The results show that the non-hydrophilicity of rock-like materials can be adjusted to prevent them from softening and collapsing under the action of water. Non-hydrophilic materials of higher strength and brittleness of rocks can be achieved by adjusting the content of paraffin, fine sand, and gypsum. The non-hydrophilic materials of soft and large particle rocks can be achieved by adjusting the content of paraffin, fine sand, and gypsum. After the coal seam in a similar simulation experiment was extracted, the large area of weakly cemented rock above it underwent overall settlement and fracture. Although this part was located within the failure zone, there was no macroscopic water-conducting cracks generated. The height of the water-conducting fracture zone was lower than the height of the fracture zone classified by the traditional ‘three zone’ theory, which is consistent with the on-site measurements. This indicates that the prepared non-hydrophilic material is reliable. The similarity simulation method based on non-hydrophilic materials can enrich the means for studying the fracture and permeability of weakly cemented overlying rocks in coal mines.