bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arbeitsschutz für Arbeitnehmende mit wissenschaftlicher Tätigkeit
Authors: Steiger-Sackmann Sabine 
Published: November 2023

Beim Erlass des Arbeitsgesetzes vor bald sechzig Jahren wurden Arbeitnehmende, die eine wissenschaftliche Tätigkeit ausüben, vom Geltungsbereich ausgenommen. Eine wissenschaftliche Karriere ist heute oft mit prekären Arbeitsbedingungen verbunden. Daher stellt sich die Frage, ob es gerechtfertigt war und ist, diese Arbeitnehmenden generell vom Schutzbereich auszunehmen. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht dieser Frage anhand der Entstehungsgeschichte nach und analysiert die Situation aus der heutigen Perspektive.
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Il y a près de soixante ans, le législateur décidait d'exclure les travailleurs scientifiques du champ d'application de la loi fédérale sur le travail. Aujourd'hui, les carrières scientifiques sont souvent liées à des conditions de travail précaires. La question se pose de savoir s'il était, et s'il est toujours, justifié d'exclure de manière générale ce type de travailleurs du champ de protection de la loi. Pour y répondre, l'article examine l'historicité de la loi sur le travail et analyse la situation d'un point de vue actuel.
Development of a tool to support operationalising water safety plans: experiences from a national water utility in Ghana
Authors: Sheehan David , Fasham Phillip , McKeown Rory Moses , Jayaratne Asoka 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since their incorporation into the 2004 version of the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality (GDWQ), Water Safety Plans (WSPs) continue to be the pre-eminent process for the delivery of safe drinking water to consumers. WSPs achieve this by prioritising proactive, rather than reactive, management of risks to drinking water quality. Since the use of WSPs was incorporated into the GDWQ, a range of supporting resources have been produced to assist water suppliers in preparing WSPs. Producing a robust WSP is an important first step in the management of risk, but in many cases, the implementation of WSPs presents significant challenges, particularly in relation to the implementation of Module 5 (implementing improvements) and Module 6 (monitoring of control measures). To address barriers to WSP implementation, the Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL), in a peer-to-peer partnership with two Australian water utilities, developed a pilot WSP implementation strategy for one of the company's drinking water supply systems. One of the outputs of the collaboration was the development of a framework for operationalising water safety planning, which incorporates basic guidance for embedding the WSP within routine operations, in order to ensure the safe management of drinking water.
First Display of Haloalkane Dehalogenase LinB on the Surface of Bacillus
subtilis Spore
Authors: Wang Fuli , Liu Xiujie , Song Tianyu , Pei Chengxin , Huang Qibin , Jiang Hui , Xi Hailing 
Published: November 2023

Background:
LinB, as a Haloalkane dehalogenase, has good catalytic activity for many
highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds, and can realize the elimination of chemical weapons HD
in a green non-toxic mode.

Objective:
In order to display Haloalkane dehalogenase LinB on the surface of Bacillus subtilis
spore.

Methods:
We have constituted the B. subtilis spore surface display system of halogenated alkanes
dehalogenase LinB by gene recombination.

Results:
Data revealed that LinB can display on spore surface successfully. The hydrolyzing HD
analogue 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide (2-CEES) activity of displayed LinB spores was 4.30±0.09
U/mL, and its specific activity was 0.78±0.03U/mg. Meanwhile, LinB spores showed a stronger
stress resistance activity on 2-CEES than free LinB. This study obtained B. subtilis spores of LinB
(phingobium japonicum UT26) with enzyme activity that was not reported before.

Conclusion:
Spore surface display technology uses resistance spore as the carrier to guarantee
LinB activity, enhances its stability, and reduces the production cost, thus expanding the range of
its application.
Investigation of Ginseng-Ophiopogon Injection on Enhancing Physical Function by Pharmacogenomics and Metabolomics Evaluation
Authors: Meimei Chen , Jingru Zhu , Huijuan Gan , Candong Li 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Ginseng-ophiopogon injection (GOI) is a clinically commonly used
drug for Qi deficiency syndrome characterized by decreased physical function in China. This
study aimed to clarify common pharmacological mechanisms of GOI in enhancing physical
function.

Methods:
We performed an integrative strategy of weight-loaded swimming tests in cold water
(5.5 °C), hepatic glycogen and superoxide dismutase (SOD) detections, GC-TOF/MS-based
metabolomics, multivariate statistical techniques, network pharmacology of known targets and
constituents, and KEGG pathway analysis of GOI.

Results:
Compared with the control group, GOI showed significant increases in the weightloaded
swimming time, hepatic levels of glycogen and SOD. Additionally, 34 significantly differential
serum metabolites referred to glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and arginine biosynthesis
were affected by GOI. The target collection revealed 98 metabolic targets and 50 experimentreported
drug targets of ingredients in GOI involved in enhancing physical function. Further, the
PPI network analysis revealed that 8 ingredients of GOI, such as ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rf,
ginsenoside Rg1, and notoginsenoside R1, were well-associated with 48 hub targets, which had
good ability in enhancing physical function. Meanwhile, nine hub proteins, such as SOD, mechanistic
target of Rapamycin (mTOR), and nitric oxide synthases, were confirmed to be affected
by GOI. Finally, 98 enriched KEGG pathways (P<0.01 and FDR<0.001) of GOI were obtained
from 48 hub targets of the PPI network. Among them, pathways in cancer, Chagas disease, lipid
and atherosclerosis, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway ranked top four.

Conclusions:
This study provided an integrative and efficient approach to understanding the molecular
mechanism of GOI in enhancing physical function.
Recent Advances in Pyrazole-based Protein Kinase Inhibitors as Emerging Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Cetin Adnan 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Pyrazole-scaffold protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) have emerged as
promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory
disorders, and neurological diseases. This review article provides an overview of the pharmacological
properties of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs, including their mechanism of action, selectivity,
potency, and toxicity. The article also summarizes the recent developments in the design and
synthesis of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs, highlighting the structural features and modifications that
contribute to their pharmacological activity. In addition, the article discusses the preclinical and
clinical studies of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs, including their efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic
properties.

Methods:
A comprehensive search has been conducted on several online patent databases, including
the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the European Patent Office
(EPO), and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). The search was conducted using
pyrazole as the keyword. The search was limited to patents filed between 2015 and 2022.
Patents were included if they involved articles in the fields of protein kinase inhibitors, and included
literature on some pyrazoles and their pharmacological activities.

Results:
Data were extracted from each included patent on the following variables: patent title,
patent number, inventors, assignee, filing date, publication date, patent type, and field of invention.
Data were extracted from each patent using a standardized form to ensure consistency and
accuracy.

Conclusion:
The design and pharmacological evaluation of organic compounds containing pyrazole
structure as biologically active substances have been done, and the key structures from
the pharmacological data obtained as protein kinase inhibitors have been addressed in detail.
The review concludes with a discussion on the current challenges and future directions for the
development of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs as therapeutic agents. Overall, this review article provides
a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological properties of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs,
which will be of interest to researchers and clinicians in the field of drug discovery and development.
Andrographolide Attenuates RSV-induced Inflammation by Suppressing
Apoptosis and Promoting Pyroptosis after Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Infection In Vitro
Authors: Che Siyi , Xie Xiaohong , Lin Jilei , Liu Ying , Xie Jun , Liu Enmei 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which is the predominant viral pathogen
responsible for causing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children, currently lacks
specific therapeutic drugs. Despite andrographolide's demonstrated effectiveness against various
viral infections, its effects on RSV infection remain unclear.

Methods::
In this study, RSV infection and andrographolide-intervened A549 cell lines were
used. The virus load of RSV and the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the cell supernatant were quantified.
The potential targets of andrographolide in the treatment of RSV-infected airway epithelial
cells were analyzed using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the PharmMapper
Database, and the changes in mRNA expression of these target genes were measured. To further
illustrate the effect of andrographolide on the death pattern of RSV-infected airway epithelial
cells, Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assays and Western blotting were conducted.

Results::
Andrographolide decreased the viral load and attenuated IL-6 and IL-8 levels in cell supernatant
post-RSV infection. A total of 25 potential targets of andrographolide in the treatment
of RSV-infected airway epithelial cells were discovered, and CASP1, CCL5, JAK2, and STAT1
were identified as significant players. Andrographolide noticeably suppressed the increased
mRNA expressions of these genes post-RSV infection as well as IL-1β. The flow cytometry
analysis demonstrated that andrographolide alleviated apoptosis in RSV-infected cells. Additionally,
RSV infection decreased the protein levels of caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, cleaved IL-1β,
N-terminal of GSDMD, and Bcl-2. Conversely, andrographolide increased their levels.

Conclusion::
These results suggest that andrographolide may reduce RSV-induced inflammation by
suppressing apoptosis and promoting pyroptosis in epithelial cells, leading to effective viral clearance.
Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Radicular Cervical Spondylosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Hongfei , Wang Congan , Wang Xuan , Ju Jing , Yan Chunchun , Shi Bin 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy is a serious and common degenerative
disease of the cervical spine due to irritation and compression of the nerve roots of the cervical
spine, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms based on sensory, motor and reflex disorders,
such as numbness and pain in the neck, shoulders, upper limbs and fingers. Acupuncture is
highly effective in treating CSR and has become a common treatment accepted by patients. This
study aims to systematically review and analyze existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to
evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of CSR.

Methods:
We used the following eight databases for literature data search: PubMed, EMBASE,
The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology
Medicine Disc ( CBMdisc), Wanfang Database and China Science and Technology Journal
Database (VIP). The search consisted of randomized controlled studies of acupuncture for CSR
between 2000 and 2020 and the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed according
to the Cochrane Collaboration's "Risk of Bias Assessment Tool."RevMan 5.4 software
was used for statistical analysis only. Study screening, data extraction and statistics, and assessment
of the risk of bias of the included studies were performed independently by two reviewers.

Result:
27 studies with 3124 patients were included. The results of the meta-analysis of the total
efficiency index for acupuncture for CSR were [RR = 1.14,95% CI (1.09,1.19)]. The results of
the meta-analysis of the PPI index were [MD = -0.35, 95% CI (-0.61,-0. 09)]. The results of
META analysis of the total effective rate, VAS score, PRI(A) score, PRI(S) score and PRI(T)
score showed heterogeneity in the studies included for each outcome index, and sources of heterogeneity
were sought through subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis to ensure more stable
and reliable data results. The results of the combined meta-analysis showed that the treatment
group was significantly more effective than the control group and more effective in lowering the
nerves to reduce the pain index in patients with CSR, with a statistically significant difference
(P<0.05). This indicates that acupuncture treatment is superior to traction for CSR.

Conclusion:
Acupuncture is significantly more effective than traction therapy in the treatment
of cervical spondylosis and can reduce the pain index of patients with CSR.
Current Advances in Genetic Testing for Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Zhou Yulin , Jiang Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is one of the most common genetic disorders worldwide,
and genetic testing plays a key role in its diagnosis and prevention. The last decade has seen a continuous
flow of new methods for SMA genetic testing that, along with traditional approaches, have
affected clinical practice patterns to some degree. Targeting different application scenarios and selecting
the appropriate technique for genetic testing have become priorities for optimizing the clinical
pathway for SMA. In this review, we summarize the latest technological innovations in genetic
testing for SMA, including MassArray®, digital PCR (dPCR), next-generation sequencing (NGS),
and third-generation sequencing (TGS). Implementation recommendations for rationally choosing
different technical strategies in the tertiary prevention of SMA are also explored.
Hepatoprotective Effects of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch on High-fat Diet-induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice
Authors: Mahdinezhad Mohammad Reza , Mirzavi Farshad , Hooshmand Sara , Jamshidi Shirin Taraz , Ghorbani Ahmad , Soukhtanloo Mohammad 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the main causes of nonalcoholic
fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is increasing due to lifestyle changes and is still an
important global health issue. Despite the efforts, there is still no common treatment for this disease.
Studies have shown that the root of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch has a hypolipidemic effect and a
significant antioxidant effect on liver tissue in diabetic rats. However, no experimental study has
been performed on the hepatoprotective effects of this herb on HFD-induced NAFLD have been
proven.

background:
Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the main causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is increasing due to lifestyle changes and is still an important global health issue. Despite the efforts, there is still no common treatment for this disease. Studies have shown that the root of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch has a hypolipidemic effect and a significant antioxidant effect on liver tissue in diabetic rats. However, no experimental study has been performed on which the hepatoprotective effects of this herb on HFD-induced NAFLD have been proven.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch extract (RTE) on
HFD-induced NAFLD in BALB/c mice.

Materials and Methods:
The study was performed with two models of prevention and therapeutic
effect of RTE. Serum biochemical markers, histopathology, oxidative stress indicators, and qRTPCR
were measured to evaluate the effects of RTE on lipid metabolism disorders in mice feeding
with HFD.

Results:
In the prevention model, compared to the HFD group, RTE treatment decreased the levels
of glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol and improved liver profile markers, oxidative stress, and
expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.

Conclusion:
The results of this study suggest that RTE has hepatoprotective effects against HFDinduced
liver damage by reducing oxidative stress, lipogenesis, and increasing beta-oxidation of free
fatty acids.
Bioinformatics-based Analysis of the Variability of MPOX Virus Proteins
Authors: Polanco Carlos , Huberman Alberto , Lemus Enrique Hernandez , Uversky Vladimir N. , Rios Castro Martha , Garcia Mireya Martinez , Vargas-Alarcon Gilberto , Buhse Thomas , Hernández Claudia Pimentel , Zazueta Cecilia , Roldan Gomez Francisco J. , López Oliva Erika Jeannette 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Previously restricted to remote areas of Central and Western Africa, the
MPOX virus-based disease, also known as monkeypox, has now spread to more than 90 countries
and has become endemic. As a consequence, the MPOX virus has become a global public health
concern.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to conduct a computational-multiparametric study (at the
genomic and proteomic levels) of the biological sequences that express the MPOX virus envelopes in
order to fathom the physicochemical regularities of these proteins.

Methods:
Using computer programs, we determined the polarity index method (PIM) profile and
protein intrinsic disorder predisposition (PIDP) for each studied protein.

Results:
The UniProt database was able to identify sequences similar to those of the MPOX virus
expressed thanks to the computational regularities found in the virus' envelope sequences.

Conclusion:
The polarity index method and protein intrinsic disorder predisposition profiles could
aid in elucidating the sequence-level structural regularities of the MPOX virus envelopes.
Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis and Clinical Analysis of Fetal Small Bowel
Obstruction
Authors: Gao Yang , Ru Yanhui , Han Houmei , Yin Hong , Yin Panpan , Gao Yuehua 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Fetal small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a serious condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. Prenatal ultrasound is an important tool for
detecting SBO, but the optimal cutoff value for intestinal diameter remains undefined.

Objective::
This study aimed to investigate the ultrasonic characteristics of fetal SBO and determine the optimal cutoff value for intestinal diameter to enhance
prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.

Methods::
We retrospectively analyzed the ultrasonic characteristics and postpartum data of 76 cases diagnosed with SBO. Receiver operating characteristic
(ROC) curve analysis was performed to identify the optimal cutoff value for dilated intestinal diameter.

Results::
Among the 76 cases, 31 displayed the “double bubble sign” on ultrasound, with 20 cases identified as annular pancreas, 6 as duodenal atresia, and
5 as duodenal membranous stenosis. In 45 cases, the lesions were located in the jejunal or ileal segment and exhibited intestinal dilatation above
the lesion site, including 27 cases of small bowel atresia, 7 cases of membranous jejunal stenosis, and 11 cases of small bowel volvulus. Out of the
76 cases, 9 showed no abnormalities after birth. ROC curve analysis determined optimal cutoff values of 17.5mm and 10.5mm for predicting
“double bubble sign” lesions in the gastric and duodenal widths. For predicting small intestinal dilatation, the optimal cutoff values for dilated
width and length of the intestinal tube were 11.5mm and 21.5mm, respectively, with high sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion::
Ultrasonic imaging and changes in intestinal diameter provide valuable information for prenatal diagnosis and management of SBO. Establishing
these cutoff values can improve the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis for SBO.
QSAR Studies on Thienopyrimidines as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Jadhav Pranali A. , Jadhav Pratiksha 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Recent research has revealed promising antibacterial action for thienopyrimidines.
To comprehend the underlying molecular features underlying their antibacterial potency,
a thorough quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) investigation is required.

Objective:
In order to clarify the structural parameters for effective antibacterial activity, we conducted
QSAR analyses on a variety of thienopyrimidines in this work.

Methods:
Through the analysis of physicochemical properties and molecular descriptors, we aimed
to develop predictive models that can guide the design of novel thienopyrimidine derivatives with
enhanced antimicrobial potential.

Results:
It was discovered through the descriptor importance analysis that specific physicochemical
characteristics, including lipophilicity, electronic distribution, and steric effects, significantly influenced
the antibacterial efficacy of these drugs.

Conclusion:
The identified molecular characteristics and descriptors can be used to guide the development
of new thienopyrimidine derivatives with higher antibacterial activity.
A Review of Clinical Trials of Cancer and Its Treatment as a Vaccine
Authors: Chandarana Chandani , Tiwari Anuradha 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Cancer and infectious diseases are one of the greatest challenges of
modern medicine. An unhealthy lifestyle, poor drug use, or drug misuse contribute to the rise in
morbidity and mortality brought on by these illnesses. The inadequacies of the medications now
being used to treat these disorders, along with the growing issue of drug resistance, have
compelled researchers to look for novel compounds with therapeutic promise. The number of
infections and diseases has significantly abated due to vaccine development and use over time,
which is described in detail. Several novel vaccines can now be produced by manipulating
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), Ribonucleic acid (RNA), Messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA),
proteins, viral vector Recombinant, and other molecules due to advances in genetic engineering
and our understanding of the immune defense.

Objective:
The main topic of discussion is cancer-based vaccinations, which were developed less
than a decade ago but have already been used to treat a wide range of both life-threatening and
deadly diseases. It contains clinical studies for cancer vaccines against kidney, liver, prostate,
cervix, and certain RNA-based cancer vaccines against breast and bladder cancer.

Results:
Numerous studies using various DNA and RNA-based methods have been conducted
on the basis of cancer, with 9-10 diseases related to DNA and 8–9 diseases associated with RNA.
Some of these studies have been completed, while others have been eliminated due to a lack of
research; further studies are ongoing regarding the same.

Conclusion:
This brief discussion of vaccines and their varieties with examples also discusses
vaccine clinical trials in relation to cancer diseases in this DNA and RNA-based cancer vaccine
that has had successful clinical trials like the cervical cancer drug VGX-3100, the kidney cancer
drug Pembrolizumab, MGN-1601, the prostate cancer drug pTVG-HP with rhGM-CSF, the
melanoma cancer drug proteasome siRNA, and the lung cancer drug FRAME-001.