bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics Versus Oral Antipsychotics in Preventing Psychiatric Rehospitalizations
Authors: Thaman Pragya , Kulig Caitlin E. , Greer Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose/Background
Schizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating mental illness that incurs a large economic burden. Decreasing hospital readmissions is a priority in health care to improve patient quality of life and decrease health care costs. Determining ways to prevent readmissions such as improving access to long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics is important to assess.

Methods/Procedures
A single-center retrospective review was conducted comparing readmission rates of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder discharged on LAI or oral antipsychotics between August 1, 2019, and June 30, 2022. The primary outcome was the 30-day psychiatric readmission rate. Secondary outcomes included chlorpromazine equivalent doses and use of anticholinergic medications.

Findings/Results
The 30-day readmission rate was 1.9% for the LAI antipsychotic group and 8.3% for the oral antipsychotic group (P = 0.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–20.02). The average chlorpromazine equivalent antipsychotic dose of patients discharged on LAI versus oral antipsychotic medications was 477.3 and 278.6 mg/d, respectively (P < 0.001). In addition, the prevalence of medications used to treat extrapyramidal symptom was 22.3% (n = 23) for the LAI antipsychotic group and 30.8% (n = 74) for the oral antipsychotic group (P = 0.12). Sixty-four percent of LAI antipsychotics utilized were obtained from pharmaceutical company hospital inpatient free trial programs.

Implications/Conclusions
Long-acting injectable antipsychotics showed a statistically significant reduction in 30-day rehospitalizations as compared with oral antipsychotics and hospital inpatient free trial programs aided in LAI antipsychotic acquisition.
Quality Indicator Development for the Approach to Ineffective Esophageal Motility
Authors: Kamal Afrin N. , Kathpalia Priya , Leiman David A. , Bredenoord Albert J. , Clarke John O. , Gyawali C. Prakash , Katzka David A. , Lazarescu Adriana , Pandolfino John E. , Penagini Roberto , Roman Sabine , Savarino Edoardo , Vela Marcelo F. , Otaki Fouad 
Published: January 2024

Goals:
Develop quality indicators for ineffective esophageal motility (IEM).

Background:
IEM is identified in up to 20% of patients undergoing esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) based on the Chicago Classification. The clinical significance of this pattern is not established and management remains challenging.

Study:
Using RAND/University of California, Los Angeles Appropriateness Methods, we employed a modified-Delphi approach for quality indicator statement development. Quality indicators were proposed based on prior literature. Experts independently and blindly scored proposed quality statements on importance, scientific acceptability, usability, and feasibility in a 3-round iterative process.

Results:
All 10 of the invited esophageal experts in the management of esophageal diseases invited to participate rated 12 proposed quality indicator statements. In round 1, 7 quality indicators were rated with mixed agreement, on the majority of categories. Statements were modified based on panel suggestion, modified further following round 2’s virtual discussion, and in round 3 voting identified 2 quality indicators with comprehensive agreement, 4 with partial agreement, and 1 without any agreement. The panel agreed on the concept of determining if IEM is clinically relevant to the patient’s presentation and managing gastroesophageal reflux disease rather than the IEM pattern; they disagreed in all 4 domains on the use of promotility agents in IEM; and had mixed agreement on the value of a finding of IEM during anti-reflux surgical planning.

Conclusion:
Using a robust methodology, 2 IEM quality indicators were identified. These quality indicators can track performance when physicians identify this manometric pattern on HRM. This study further highlights the challenges met with IEM and the need for additional research to better understand the clinical importance of this manometric pattern.
Can Medication be a Factor that Can Negatively Affect the Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depression?
Authors: Constantin Dan A. , Monescu Vlad , Cioriceanu Ionut H. , Leaşu Florin Gabriel , Rogozea Liliana M. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients with depression and whether concurrent psychotropic medication use negatively affects the treatment outcome of TMS. Patients' characteristics, predictors of treatment response, the relationship between demographics, and the selection of TMS as a treatment modality were also analyzed.

Study Question:
Can psychotropic medication be a factor that can negatively affect the efficacy of TMS in patients with depression?

Study Design:
This pilot-controlled study included 40 subjects from Romanian clinical practice who were treated with pharmacological treatment and TMS for major depressive disorder. The severity of depression and anxiety symptoms was measured using validated scales at baseline (day 1) and follow-up (day 30).

Data Sources:
All patients' characteristics and information were collected manually from the clinic's medical records, deidentified, and then introduced into an electronic database for analysis.

Limitations:
Conducting the study in a clinical routine practice, it was not possible to include an active and/or sham control group. In addition, because TMS is not used as a monotherapy in this type of practice, we could not evaluate its safety and efficacy without concomitant pharmacological treatment. The study sample is small; therefore, the results cannot be generalized.

Results:
Sixty percentage of patients (n = 24) included in this study obtained a clinical response, and 30% of patients (n = 12) obtained remission of depression. The group with pharmacological treatment obtained clinical responses in 80% of patients (n = 16) and remission of depression in 45% of patients (n = 9). The group with pharmacological treatment and TMS obtained clinical responses in 40% of patients (n = 8) and remission of depression in 15% (n = 3) of cases.

Conclusions:
The study results show a lack of efficacy for TMS as an adjunctive therapy to pharmacological treatment for patients with depression. In addition, a negative impact of psychotropic medication on TMS efficacy is observed in our study sample.
Risk Factors for Post–Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography Pancreatitis in Children With Chronic Pancreatitis and Its Prediction Using 4-Hour Postprocedure Serum Amylase and Lipase Levels
Authors: Samanta Arghya , Vadlapudi Srinivas Srinidhi , Srivastava Anshu , Mohindra Samir , Sen Sarma Moinak , Poddar Ujjal , Saraswat Vivek Anand , Mishra Prabhakar 
Published: January 2024

Background
Post–endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) is seen in 3% to 16% of children undergoing therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP). We evaluated the risk factors of PEP and utility of 4-hour post-ERCP amylase and lipase for early prediction of PEP in children with chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Materials and Methods
Thirty children with CP (boys 20, 14.3 [interquartile range, 9.3–16] years) who underwent 62 ERCP procedures were studied. Clinical and procedural details with outcome were noted. Serum amylase and lipase were measured before, 4 hours, and 24 hours after ERCP. Multivariate analysis was done to identify risk factors for PEP. Cutoff scores of 4-hour amylase and lipase were identified.

Results
PEP occurred in 14.5% (9/62) of ERCP procedures (mild, 8; moderate, 1) with no mortality. On univariate analysis, endoscopic sphincterotomy (P = 0.04), difficult cannulation (P = 0.004), and prior PEP (P = 0.036) were risk factors, while prior ERCP (P = 0.04) was protective. Difficult cannulation (odds ratio, 5.83; 95% confidence interval, 1.329–25.592) was the independent risk factor on multivariate analysis overall and for first ERCP session alone. Amylase >3.3 times upper limit of normal (ULN) and lipase of >5 times ULN at 4 hours had best sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of PEP. All cases with PEP were symptomatic by 6 hours and none had amylase/lipase <3 ULN at 4 hours. Amylase/lipase of <3 ULN at 4 hours could exclude PEP with good sensitivity (100%) and specificity (76% and 81%, respectively).

Conclusions
PEP occurred in 14.5% of procedures in children with CP, with difficult cannulation being the independent risk factor. Asymptomatic patients with 4-hour amylase/lipase <3 times ULN can be safely discharged.
Research progress on lung cancer stem cells in epidermal growth factor receptor–tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeted therapy resistance in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Yanbin , Yuan Xianglin , Zou Yanmei , Xiong Hua 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. In recent years, with the widespread use of genetic testing, epidermal growth factor receptor–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI)–targeted drugs have been efficacious to patients with lung adenocarcinoma exhibiting EGFR mutations. However, resistance to treatment is inevitable and eventually leads to tumor progression, recurrence, and reduction in the overall treatment efficacy. Lung cancer stem cells play a crucial role in the development of resistance toward EGFR-TKI–targeted therapy for lung adenocarcinoma. Lung cancer stem cells possess self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and unlimited proliferation capabilities, which efficiently contribute to tumor formation and ultimately lead to tumor recurrence and metastasis. In this study, we evaluated the origin, markers, stemness index, relevant classic studies, resistance mechanisms, related signaling pathways, and strategies for reversing lung cancer stem cell resistance to EGFR-TKIs to provide new insights on delaying or reducing resistance and to improve the treatment efficacy of patients with EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma in the future.
Efficacy, Safety, and Complications of Pigtail Thoracostomy for the Treatment of Pediatric Pleuropneumonia
Authors: Tamary Oren , Yaari Arnon , Prokocimer-Yair Zafnat , Feldman Roi , Berant Ron , Jacob Ron , Samuel Nir 
Published: January 2024

Objective
Pigtail thoracostomy (PT) has become the mainstay technique for the drainage of pediatric pleuropneumonic effusions (PLPe). However, its efficacy and complication profile has been questioned when compared with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and larger bore traditional tube thoracostomy. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety, and complications associated with PT.

Methods
A cross-sectional study at a freestanding tertiary children's hospital. We extracted the medical records of all children aged younger than 18 years treated with PT for PLPe from June 2016 to June 2020. The primary efficacy outcome was treatment failure defined as the need for a repeat drainage procedure, thoracostomy, or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Secondary efficacy outcomes were length of hospital stay (LOS) and duration of in situ PT. The primary safety outcomes were adverse events during or after insertion. We also recorded any associated complications.

Results
During the study period, 55 children required PT. The median age was 25 months (interquartile range, 14–52) and 58.2% were boys. Eight (14.4%) were bacteremic or in septic shock. There were no adverse events related to insertion. Forty-two (76.3%) children were treated with fibrinolysis. There were 2 (3.6%) treatment failures. The median LOS and PT durations were 13 and 4 days (interquartile ranges, 10–14.8, 3–6.7), respectively. Eight (14.4%) children experienced complications that were nonoperatively managed.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that PT drainage offers a safe and highly effective option for managing PLPe and carries a very low failure rate.
Liposomal Bupivacaine Use During Orthognathic Surgery in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients
Authors: Layon Sarah A. , Burns Heather R. , Williams Austin D. , Ding Yang , Mohammad Shazia , Buchanan Edward P. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Effective pain management is crucial in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients undergoing orthognathic surgery for earlier recovery and decreased opioid reliance. Liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) is a local anesthetic that provides extended postoperative analgesia in adult patients; however, research on its use in adolescents is limited. This study explores the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine for postoperative pain management in adolescent CLP patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.

Methods:
The authors performed a retrospective chart review at their institution between July 2020 and December 2022 to identify patients who underwent LeFort I or mandibular osteotomy. Two cohorts were compared: patients who received liposomal bupivacaine and patients who received standard pain medications alone. Outcome measures included intraoperative pain medications, length of stay, breakthrough opioid use, time to first oral intake, volume of oral intake, and opioids prescribed at discharge.

Results:
This study included 22 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. The liposomal bupivacaine group (n=10) demonstrated earlier and greater oral intake during hospitalization compared with controls (n=12). The most significant difference was observed in total breakthrough opioid use, with an average of 8.60 morphine milligram equivalents for liposomal bupivacaine patients compared with 35.1 morphine milligram equivalents for controls (P=0.037).

Conclusions:
This study provides the first analysis of liposomal bupivacaine use in adolescent CLP patients undergoing orthognathic surgery, demonstrating a significant reduction in postoperative opioid consumption compared with controls. These results may guide future studies of liposomal bupivacaine within CLP patients, potentially as a component of enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines, as well as in cost-analysis studies.
Nationwide, County-Level Analysis of the Patterns, Trends, and System-Level Predictors of Opioid Prescribing in Surgery in the US: Social Determinants and Access to Mental Health Services Matter
Authors: Gaitanidis Apostolos , Dorken Gallastegi Ander , Van Erp Inge , Gebran Anthony , Velmahos George C , Kaafarani Haytham MA 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
The diversion of unused opioid prescription pills to the community at large contributes to the opioid epidemic in the US. In this county-level population-based study, we aimed to examine the US surgeons’ opioid prescription patterns, trends, and system-level predictors in the peak years of the opioid epidemic.

STUDY DESIGN:
Using the Medicare Part D database (2013 to 2017), the mean number of opioid prescriptions per beneficiary (OPBs) was determined for each US county. Opioid-prescribing patterns were compared across counties. Multivariable linear regression was performed to determine relationships between county-level social determinants of health (demographic, eg median age and education level; socioeconomic, eg median income; population health status, eg percentage of current smokers; healthcare quality, eg rate of preventable hospital stays; and healthcare access, eg healthcare costs) and OPBs.

RESULTS:
Opioid prescription data were available for 1,969 of 3,006 (65.5%) US counties, and opioid-related deaths were recorded in 1,384 of 3,006 counties (46%). Nationwide, the mean OPBs decreased from 1.08 ± 0.61 in 2013 to 0.87 ± 0.55 in 2017; 81.6% of the counties showed the decreasing trend. County-level multivariable analyses showed that lower median population age, higher percentages of bachelor’s degree holders, higher percentages of adults reporting insufficient sleep, higher healthcare costs, fewer mental health providers, and higher percentages of uninsured adults are associated with higher OPBs.

CONCLUSIONS:
Opioid prescribing by surgeons decreased between 2013 and 2017. A county’s suboptimal access to healthcare in general and mental health services in specific may be associated with more opioid prescribing after surgery.
Safety of noninvasive brain stimulation in children
Authors: Salehinejad Mohammad Ali , Siniatchkin Michael 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a promising method for altering cortical excitability with clinical implications. It has been increasingly used in children, especially in neurodevelopmental disorders. Yet, its safety and applications in the developing brain require further investigation. This review aims to provide an overview of the safety of commonly used NIBS techniques in children, including transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Safety data for other NIBS methods is not reported in this review.

Recent findings
In line with studies from the last decade, findings in the last 2 years (2022–2023) support the safety of NIBS in children and adolescents within the currently applied protocols. Both tES and TMS are well tolerated, if safety rules, including exclusion criteria, are applied.

Summary
We briefly discussed developmental aspects of stimulation parameters that need to be considered in the developing brain and provided an up-to-date overview of tES/TMS applications in children and adolescents. Overall, the safety profile of tES/TMS in children is good. For both the tES and TMS applications, epilepsy and active seizure disorder should be exclusion criteria to prevent potential seizures. Using child-sized earplugs is required for TMS applications. We lack large randomized double-blind trials
and longitudinal studies to establish the safety of NIBS in children.

Video abstract

http://links.lww.com/YCO/A78.
Oral Complications in Patients With Psychiatric Illness Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Oflezer Ceyhan , Oflezer Özlem , Canbek Özge , Eskil Çiçek Özlem , Bahadır Hakan 
Published: January 2024

Objective
Despite advances in pharmacotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains a mainstay treatment option in psychiatry. This study aims to determine the occurrence of oral injury from ECT modified with the use of an inexpensive, disposable, hand-made oral protector customized to the dental needs of the individual patient.

Method
Based on data collected between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2018, registered patients who had received ECT were evaluated retrospectively. We investigated the incidence of oral complications such as dental fractures, dental avulsion, temporomandibular joint dislocation, jaw pain, and soft tissue, lip, and tongue injuries in a single center.

Results
There were 1750 male patients (59.6%) and 1187 female patients (40.4%), with a mean age of 35.20 ± 11.59 years. The incidence of oral injury was 0.1% per patient (4/2937) and 0.01% per session (4/22135). Oral complication characteristics included mucosal abrasion in 2 patients, dental fracture in 1 patient, and tooth avulsion in one. No dental fracture or avulsion in our patient population has resulted in aspiration. We found no evidence of jaw pain, temporomandibular joint dislocation, or injury to the lip or tongue.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate a minimum risk of oral complications during ECT and also provide additional justification for an adequate oral assessment by the ECT team before the procedure.
Deinococcus rhizophilus sp.nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil
Authors: Gao Fengzhi , Li Heng , Tang Kai , Zhang Tingting , Bao Runze , Feng Fuying 
Published: January 2024

A spherical, pink, aerobic, Gram-stain-positive bacterial strain (MIMF12T) was isolated from rhizosphere soil collected in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China. Cellular growth of the strain was observed at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0), at 20–37 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and with 0–1 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain MIMF12T was most closely related to

Deinococcus terrestris

SDU3-2T with a similarity value of 96.0 %. The respiratory quinone was menaquinone 8, the major fatty acids were C15 : 1
ω6c and C17 : 1
ω8c, and the major polar lipids were composed of two aminophospholipids, one phospholipid and four unidentified lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.1 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain MIMF12T and the closest related type strain SDU3-2T were 88.1 and 52.1 %, respectively. The discovery that MIMF12T differs not only from validly named species in the genus

Deinococcus

, but also from currently unnamed species in the GDTB, gives us new insights into the genus. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain MIMF12T represents a novel species of the genus

Deinococcus

, for which the name Deinococcus rhizophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MIMF12T (=CGMCC 1.61579T=KCTC 43572T).
BAMBI: Integrativebiostatistical andartificial-intelligencemodels discover coding and non-coding RNA genes asbiomarkers
Authors: Zhou Peng , Li Zixiu , Liu Feifan , Kwon Euijin , Hsieh Tien-Chan , Ye Shangyuan , Vasudevan Shobha , Lee JungAe , Zhou Chan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccurate disease diagnosis and prognosis are crucial for effective treatment management and improving patient outcomes. However, accurately detecting early signs of certain diseases or recurrence remains challenging. Existing machine-learning methods for identifying gene expression biomarkers have several limitations, including poor performance on independent test datasets, inability to directly process omics data, and difficulty in identifying noncoding RNA genes as biomarkers. Additionally, these methods may not provide sufficient biological interpretation of their results, and the panel biomarkers they identify may not be suitable for clinical application. To address these limitations, we have developed a new computational method called BAMBI, which integrates multiple machine-learning algorithms and statistical approaches to identify putative coding and noncoding genes as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. We evaluated BAMBI ability to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers by analyzing multiple RNA-seq datasets from cancerous and non-cancerous diseases at population levels. The results from BAMBI demonstrate significant biological interpretability and state-of-the-art prediction performance. When the singular gene identified by BAMBI is used as a diagnostic biomarker, it achieves a balance accuracy exceeding 95% in studies of both breast cancer and psoriasis. Additionally, the prognostic biomarkers that BAMBI identifies from RNA-seq data of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients significantly correlate with the survival rates in an independent AML patient cohort. Additionally, BAMBI outperforms existing methods by delivering more robust results, identifying biomarkers with fewer genes, and simultaneously achieving superior prediction accuracy. We have implemented BAMBI into user-friendly software for the research community. In summary, BAMBI serves as a more reliable pipeline for identifying both coding and noncoding genes as biosignature markers, enhancing the accuracy of disease diagnosis and prognosis. BAMBI is available viahttps://github.com/CZhouLab/BAMBI.