bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a multideterminant wave function for quantum Monte Carlo: Li2 (1I:_;)
Authors: Sun Z , Barnett R N , Lester w. A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For many systems a single determinant Hartree Fock wave function is not adequate for use as a trial function specifying the nodes for a fixed-node Q1vIC calculation. For nondynamical correlation effects such as those occurring with a 2s-2p near degeneracy and for the dissociation of many molecules a multi determinant wave function is required. The minimal bases for such calculations may be discovered in low-level analytic variational calculations with configuration interaction. For this paper the authors investigated use of a four-determinant function for the 1 Et ground state of the dimer Li2 in both variational and fixed-node QMC. The four determinants were assembled from four different a molecular orbitals (from ls, 2s, and 2pz AOs) and two 7f orbitals (from 2px and 2py AOs). The sum of the four determinants with four adjustable coefficients was multiplied by electron-electron and electron-nucleus Jastrow terms. The results showed the advantages of multi determinant functions but also revealed some hazards in their use. For Li2 at its equilibrium separation of 5.05 bohr, the optimization of 41 parameters, including the two free coefficients of the determinants, to minimize the variance in local energies gave the lowest VQMC energy (recovering 77% of the correlation energy). However, in FN-DQlVIC the lowest energy (recovering 100% of the correlation energy) was obtained with the coefficients of the determinants given by an original MCSCF calculation without optimization. Thus, minimization of the variance failed to optimize the node structure. Further, it was found that the complete optimization produced spurious nodes and in so doing raised the FN-DQMC energy obtained. Clearly, multi determinant wave functions must be used with care.
Invariant Polynomials
Authors: Gilmore Robert , Letellier Christophe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Our ultimate goal is to find the relation between equivarian dynamical systems and locally identical (“locally diffeomorphic”) invariant dynamical systems. This is the cover and image problem. The image dynamical system is always expressed in terms of invariant polynomials. The cover dynamical system is expressed in terms of equivariant polynomials. It is the objective of this chapter to describe invariant polynomials, equivariant polynomials, and their properties.
Scholia, Commentaries, and Lexica on Specific Literary Works
Authors: Dickey Eleanor 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This category includes the most famous and most often cited scholia. By far the most important are the Homer scholia, but those on Pindar and the Attic dramatists are also significant. Ancient scholarship on Homer was extensive and of high quality, for the best scholars of antiquity devoted much of their time and energy to the Homeric poems. Work on Homer that could be described as scholarship goes back at least to the classical period and probably to the sixth century bc, and editing the text of Homer was one of the main tasks of the first Alexandrian scholars. Zenodotus, Aristophanes of Byzantium, and Aristarchus probably all produced editions of the Iliad and Odyssey, and Aristarchus wrote extensive commentaries, while Zenodotus and Aristophanes compiled glossaries of primarily Homeric words. In addition, the early and persistent use of Homer as a school text meant that there was a tradition of school exegesis that reached back as far as the classical period. Though none of the very early work on Homer survives in its original form, a surprising amount is preserved in various later compilations, so we often know, for example, the readings of several different Alexandrian scholars for a particular passage, and even some of the arguments behind these readings (although the arguments preserved in later sources cannot always be assumed to be those of the editor himself). Two principal sources for the ancient scholarship on Homer survive: the scholia and Eustathius’ commentaries, both of which are gigantic works filling many volumes in modern editions. There are also some smaller works, some of which are more valuable than others.
Other Scholarly Works
Authors: Dickey Eleanor 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
While the production of texts and commentaries on literary works was probably the primary goal of ancient scholarship, other lines of work were pursued as well, particularly in the later Hellenistic and Roman periods. Among these other scholarly genres were the grammatical treatise, in which scholars analysed the classical Greek language and tried to codify the underlying principles of correct usage, and the lexicon, in which unusual words were collected, classified, and explained. (Two other popular genres, mythography and paroemiography, have been excluded from this book but were clearly related to the scholarly genres discussed here.) Modern interest currently focuses on the grammatical writings much more than on lexica, and thus it is much easier to find reliable texts, commentaries, and translations of grammatical works than of lexica; precisely for this reason, however, the latter offer greater opportunities for future work.
Introduction to Scholarly Greek
Authors: Dickey Eleanor 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The difficulties ancient scholarship presents to the reader are very different from those involved in reading literary authors such as Demosthenes, Sophocles, Lucian, or Aristophanes. Sentences in lexica, grammars, and scholia tend to be fairly short, and grammatical and syntactic complexities are relatively rare. These works are largely free of obscure, archaic, and dialectal forms, and the vocabulary is in many ways more limited and more manageable than that of most literary texts. Yet scholarly Greek is not easy to read until one becomes familiar with the genre, because it employs a set of space-saving conventions and numerous technical words pertaining to scholarly disciplines. In addition, it sometimes happens (though not as often as one would expect) that the late date of the writer betrays itself in the use of post-classical words or constructions, and a grasp of the Greek numeral systems and the use of various editorial symbols is not infrequently required to get the full meaning of a passage. Scholarly Greek makes use of certain syntactic conventions rarely encountered in classical literature. These allow many words to remain unexpressed and so permit highly compact, very efficient writing, but they require some adjustment on the part of readers more familiar with other types of Greek. Though many such conventions are restricted to particular types of scholarship, others are found more generally.
Glossary Of Grammatical Terms
Authors: Dickey Eleanor 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This section is not a complete dictionary, but a glossary giving in most cases only the grammatical meanings of the words included; these words are also used by scholarly writers in their non-technical senses on occasion. For such meanings and fuller information on these words, including citations of passages in which they occur, see LSJ and Bécares Botas (1985). A selection of references is given here to other works in which individual terms are discussed; such references are normally given only once but should be understood to apply to closely related words as well (e.g. a discussion of ajmûiboliva will normally be useful for understanding ajmûivbolo" as well). The state of scholarship on Greek grammatical terminology is not one that would make it possible for a glossary of this type to be completely reliable. The only specialized dictionary (Bécares Botas 1985) is full of errors, the information in LSJ is seriously incomplete, and other discussions are widely scattered, incomplete, and often unreliable. There is a great need for a thorough, accurate study of this vocabulary—and this glossary is not intended to address that need, only to help learners to get through texts. For lack of anything better, the information given here is based on that in Bécares Botas (1985) and LSJ, corrected and supplemented from a wide range of other sources.
Self-Conscious to the Nth Degree
Authors: Ford Emily , Liebowitz Michael R , Andrews Linda Wasmer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There was a time I would have been up nights preparing my script and reciting it to an outfit (complete down to its underwear) hung weeks in advance behind the bedroom door. Every worst-case scenario would have been thought through, and I’d have prepared a litany of excuses in the event I froze, stared off into space, or filled with tears. But nine-hours-and-counting to a day that could prove most embarrassing, I was drifting in and out of sleep thousands of feet over a storm system in New Jersey. A girl who had for years traveled exclusively by Greyhound was flying, actually flying, from Washington, DC, to northern New York without keeping a white-knuckle grip on the armrest or reworking the opening lines to the next day’s meetings in her head.
Not Just Another Shy Teenager
Authors: Ford Emily , Liebowitz Michael R , Andrews Linda Wasmer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I am going to be so cool .. . I won’t know what struck me. I am going to be talkative and energetic. I think I can do it if I try really, really hard. I want to try out the new me, the new talkative and energetic person I am going to be. I can do it if I try. I’ll leave my fears behind and be popular. I’ll have to call people. I can do that. I hope.
First Steps Toward Recovery
Authors: Ford Emily , Liebowitz Michael R , Andrews Linda Wasmer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For years, I was caught in a web of what-ifs: What if people think I’m exaggerating? What if it seems that I’m only after attention? What if my anxiety is something that will go away on its own? What if it’s not and I’m sent to a mental hospital? What if all my anxiety is actually due to a personality flaw—something I could fix if I were stronger, braver, kinder, and altogether a better person? Name any television series that had a therapist as a character and was on the air or in reruns when I was a teenager, and I’ve probably seen it—The Bob Newhart Show, M*A*S*H, even the animated Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist. Any series that depicted psychological problems fascinated me, and I jealously watched as the Hollywood therapists treated patients with kindness and compassion. I tried to hide my keen interest in these scenes from others, ashamed of what it seemed to reveal about my own emotional state. I kept a tight grip on the remote, and if anyone walked into the room—click! I’d switch to the home-shopping channel.
Making Changes and Sticking to Them
Authors: Ford Emily , Liebowitz Michael R , Andrews Linda Wasmer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I returned home from my week at the Ross Center determined to face the situations I had grown accustomed to avoiding in the past. For the first time in years, I felt confident that I was moving in the right direction, and I pushed myself to keep up the momentum. I seized every opportunity to run errands, eat at restaurants, and answer the phone. My local chapter of Toastmasters International met once a week, and I signed up to work on speaking off the cuff.
The Concept of Depression
Authors: Horwitz Allan V , Wakefield Jerome C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The poet W. H. Auden famously deemed the period after World War II the “age of anxiety.”1 For Auden, the intense anxiety of that era was a normal human response to extraordinary circumstances, such as the devastation of modern warfare, the horrors of the concentration camps, the development of nuclear weapons, and the tensions of the cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union. Were Auden still alive, he might conclude that the era around the turn of the twenty-first century is the “age of depression.”2 There would, however, be a crucial difference between the two characterizations: whereas the age of anxiety was viewed as a natural response to social circumstances that required collective and political solutions, ours is viewed as an age of sadness that is abnormal-an age of depressive psychiatric disorder that requires professional treatment.
Depression in the DSM-IV
Authors: Horwitz Allan V , Wakefield Jerome C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We claimed in chapter 1 that a flawed definition may be facilitating the recent surge in reported depressive disorder and may even lie at its very heart. To justify our claim, we now turn to a detailed examination of the DSM criteria for depressive and related disorders. Although the history of depression presented in the preceding chapter logically takes us up to the DSM-III, in order to ensure that our discussion applies to current di­ agnostic practices, we address the criteria presented in the latest edition-the fourth, text-revised edition DSM-IV-TR (2000). This does not represent much of a conceptual leap because the current criteria are almost identical to those in the DSM-III.
The DSM and Biological Research About Depression
Authors: Horwitz Allan V , Wakefield Jerome C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Research into the biological causes of depressive disorder, such as its grounding in neurochemicals, receptors, genes, and the structure and function of the brain, holds great promise of contributing to our growing understanding of behavior, as well as of leading to new and more effective treatments. Such studies include, for example, those that use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to explore brain activity in depressed patients, examinations of neurotransmitters and their role in depression (bolstered by the success of medications in influencing the level of neurotransmitters), and research on the genetic influences on depressive disorder.
Injury and the Role of Epidemiology
Authors: Robertson Leon S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For decades, injury deaths from motor vehicles, homicides, suicides, falls, poisonings, and drownings were listed in mortality statistics and largely ignored by researchers in epidemiology and public health. Near the end of the twentieth century, influential and important discussions of the future direction of epidemiological and public health research made no mention of injury (Susser and Susser, 1996; Pearce, 1996). A conference held in 2005 on the future of public health included one brief mention of injury, but more was said about Elvis impersonators than about injury prevention (University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 2005).
Research Objectives and Usable Data
Authors: Robertson Leon S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The first step in any research project is to ask a question or state a hypothesis that defines the objective of the study. The objective of the study determines the data needed. Even in very limited descriptive studies, one may have the opportunity to examine or collect data on various aspects of an injury: the severity of the injury, the energy sources involved, characteristics and behavior of the persons injured or others at the scene, the places of occurrence, the circumstances, the treatment received, and the cost of treatment.
Injury Statistics
Authors: Robertson Leon S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The simplest statistical description of injuries is the distribution by severity, obtained by counting the numbers in specific categories, such as fatal, hospitalized, and ambulatory, or on the severity scale of interest. For example, injury severity is sometimes described as distributed in the shape of a pyramid, with deaths at the top, hospitalizations in the middle, and others at the base. More refined categories of injuries by type and severity scales, however, are not pyramid shaped by severity. For example, there are substantially more deaths from motor vehicles than there are nonfatal, critical injuries (Abbreviated Injury Scale code 5; see table 4-2). Drowning and near drowning tends to result in death or a much lower number of severely brain-damaged and impairment cases from oxygen deficits, or persons survive without injury.
Understanding Love: Theory and Research
Authors: Barusch Amanda Smith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Valentine’s Day celebrates the possibilities of romance. We see them on display in a popular restaurant, where the action on this special day revolves around couples. Intimate conversations merge into a gentle hum, punctuated by the clink of silverware. Some are talking about love. But most are just living it. Twenty-somethings sneak glances at the 80-year-olds, wondering if they will make it that far and what “it” will be like. Old people glance back, wondering how the time passed so quickly. Middle-aged couples huddle close, grappling with problems from household finances to their children’s future. Two women hold hands openly, agreeing that today’s a day to order whatever they want. A gay man wonders why they got the corner table, and his partner teases him back to good humor. Love is in the air, but each one understands and experiences it differently.
Those experiencing love for the first time feel as if they are inventing the whole enterprise. Indeed, some of us spend lifetimes puzzling over the intricacies of romance. We are not alone. Philosophers, theorists, and scientists alike have devoted their energies to questions of romantic love. This chapter draws from their insights to illuminate the complexities of romantic attachment. In this guided tour of love throughout history, we will see how it has been defined and shaped by culture, science, and literature.
A Kind of Settled Bliss: Romance in Committed Relationships
Authors: Barusch Amanda Smith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Marty radiated vitality as he explained to me that his whole life was a love story. He wrote about it in his 250-page autobiography, titled The Life and Times of Marty C. Gilbert and Ethel Briggs Gilbert. We talked for a while, and when we were through I asked whether he needed a parking validation—nope. He had thought it would be easiest to find my office on foot so had parked at the V.A. Medical Center and walked a mile to the university. He was looking forward to the walk back. Marty’s demeanor, appearance, and energy seemed about right for a man in his mid-60s. Marty was 87 years old.
Betrayal and Rejection
Authors: Barusch Amanda Smith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mattie’s first experience of love was also her first taste of betrayal. Born in Santiago, Chile, in 1934, Mattie fell in love at 16 and was married within 5 months. Their first few months were idyllic, but she became pregnant right away and her husband “start changing, changing, changing He wasn’t anymore my dream love.” He started drinking and seeing other women, and eventually he brought home a sexually transmitted disease. When she sought treatment, her care providers assumed Mattie was unfaithful to her husband and lectured her on the sin of infidelity. Mattie went home and slit her wrists. “Blood,” she recalls, “there was a lot of blood.” Her 8-year-old son went to neighbors for help, and they took her to the hospital. When she woke up and explained to the doctor why she tried to take her life, he assured her, “No man is worth the life of a mother!” Those words saved Mattie: She left her husband, moved her children to Argentina, and opened a successful beauty salon. When the family later migrated to the United States, she met and married Dirk. “In the beginning, “she remembers, “I loved my husband with all my heart.” But this would not last.
The Resilient Clinician
Authors: Wicks Robert J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Author of several acclaimed books and expert in the field of secondary stress, psychologist Robert Wicks addresses the experience of the mental health professional and raises awareness of the insidious, almost silent psychological defenses of denial and avoidance in the life of the clinician. A concise guide to preventing and limiting acute and chronic secondary stress, The Resilient Clinician offers an overview of mindfulness and meditation as it applies to the clinician’s own life rather than that of the client or patient, and describes how to develop a personally designed self-care protocol. This immensely readable book also includes one of the most current selective bibliographies of relevant research and clinical and theoretical publications in the subject area, from common stressors and vicarious post-traumatic stress disorders to burnout and compassion fatigue. Informed by positive psychology and infused with compassion and wisdom, this book will help clinicians remain challenged, maintain perspective, and be inspired both professionally and personally.
Individualists of the World, Unite!
Authors: Burns Jennifer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Once she spotted the first pink, Rand began to see them every-where. They had even infiltrated the movie studios, she soon discovered. Despite her success as a novelist and playwright, Rand could find no work in the lucrative film industry, a failure she blamed on her outspoken opposition to Soviet Russia. She turned instead to the novel that would become The Fountainhead. Politics soon emerged as a welcome distraction. As Roosevelt launched his historic program of government reforms Rand watched closely. She read the New York newspapers regularly and began dipping into the work of authors critical of the president. By 1940 her interest in politics had become all-consuming. Fired to action by the presidential campaign of Wendell Willkie she stopped work on her novel and began volunteering full time for the New York City Willkie Club.
The Real Root of Evil
Authors: Burns Jennifer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ayn and frank arrived in Hollywood as celebrities. The Fountainhead was the hot property of the moment, and the town buzzed with speculation about who would be chosen for the choicest roles. Stars began to court Rand in the belief that she could influence the studio’s choices. Joan Crawford threw a dinner for the O’Connors and came dressed as Dominique, in a long white gown and aquamarines. Warner Brothers set her up in an enormous office with a secretary out front and a $750 weekly salary. The contrast between Rand’s arrival as a penniless immigrant in 1926 and her latest debut was sharp.
Beyond Belief
Authors: Carter Prudence L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Racial and ethnic minority students living in poverty now have an unfortunate academic reputation among those who have not uncovered the deeper meanings and explanations for how the forces of social stratification—race, ethnicity, poverty, and culture—really affect students’ lives both inside and outside of school. Observers perceive these students to be at risk for significantly lower achievement performances, later to be at risk for having little or no skills to hold jobs that pay decent wages and salaries, to be at risk for supporting their children and families, to be at risk for participating in illicit activities that will land them in prison, or to be at risk for dependence on a host of social services supplied by the government and paid with tax dollars that create resentment among working peoples who view them as undeserving (Duncan and Brooks-Gunn ). Many of the young persons whom I interviewed for this study fit the profile of the at-risk youth, although only the best fortunetellers could tell us what would transpire in their futures. Contrary to popular belief, what I gathered from these students was that the ideas of being at-risk had little to no impact on to their aspirations.