bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between fatigue levels and psychosocial adjustment in elderly individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A descriptive study
Authors: Akbaş Ebru , Filikci Sümeyra Buse 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated with physical limitations and significant social, psychological, and behavioral challenges. This study investigates the relationship between fatigue levels and psychosocial adjustment in COPD patients, considering their sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods
A descriptive study was conducted with 160 COPD patients hospitalized in the Pulmonology Department of a university hospital. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using a patient information form, the COPD and Asthma Fatigue Scale (CAFS), and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self-Report (PAIS-SR). Statistical analyses included Independent Sample t-test, One-Way ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman correlation analysis, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results
The mean age of participants was 68.70 ± 9.41 years; 71.9% were male, and 67.9% had COPD for over six years. Most participants (74.4%) reported limitations in daily living activities due to the disease, and 91.9% reported having social support. Mean scores were 58.03 ± 15.80 on the CAFS and 64.19 ± 6.41 on the PAIS-SR. Significant differences were observed in fatigue and psychosocial adjustment scores based on gender, social support, and disease impact on daily activities (p < 0.05). A weak positive correlation was found between fatigue levels and psychosocial adjustment (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
COPD patients experience moderate-to-high fatigue levels and challenges in psychosocial adjustment, with fatigue negatively influencing adjustment. Interventions should focus on enhancing coping strategies, addressing psychosocial needs, and leveraging social support systems to improve patient outcomes.
Effects of inflammatory bowel diseases on sexual function in women
Authors: Aydamirov Mubariz , Erbayrak Mustafa , Karkin Kadir , Vuruskan Ediz , Tunckıran Muslum Ahmet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Studies found that 40–60% of women diagnosed with IBD have sexual dysfunction (SD).

Aims
To determine SD and associated factors in women with IBD.

Methods
Female patients diagnosed with IBD in the Gastroenterology Department who volunteered and healthy volunteers who were examined by a general practitioner were included in the study as the control group. After appropriate training was provided by the researcher, patients and volunteers were asked to fill out the Clinical and Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale and Female Sexual Function Index.

Results
There were 255 patients in the patient group and 240 patients in the control group. The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 40 ± 12 and 38 ± 11 years, respectively. Mean disease duration in IBD patients was 9 ± 5.6 years. The SD rate in the patient group (63.5%) was higher than in the control group (23.8%) (p < 0.01). The prevalence of SD was significantly lower in mildly active IBD patients than in moderate and severe IBD patients (p < 0.05). Active disease (OR: 3.82), active perianal disease (OR: 2.15), and severe depression (OR: 3.19) were predictive factors for SD in univariate logistic regression analysis. Previous abdominal surgery was found to be predictive for SD in multivariate analysis (OR: 5.13).

Conclusions
The prevalence of SD was high in female IBD patients and its prevalence increased as disease activity increased. History of abdominal surgery in IBD was found to be associated with SD.
Impact of comorbidity on survival in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Yalçıner Merih , Yazgan Satı Coşkun , Mocan Eda Eylemer , Karaoğlan Beliz Bahar , Bölek Hatice , Yekedüz Emre , Ürün Yüksel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Immunotherapy efficacy in elderly patients with comorbidities and poor performance status is not well understood. More knowledge on this topic is needed to identify subgroups that will benefit from immunotherapy. We aimed to evaluate the effect of comorbidity burden in patients receiving immunotherapy.

Methods/patients
Patients older than 18 years of age and diagnosed with various malignancies, followed up in our tertiary cancer center were screened. Patients treated with immunotherapy were included in this study. We used to Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to evaluate patients’ comorbidity burden. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Hazard ratio (HR) with confidence interval (CI) was evaluated in multivariable analysis.

Results
A total number of 197 patients were included. The median age was 62 years. Patients were grouped based on CCI scores: CCI-low (≤ 8) and CCI-high (> 8). One-hundred and seven patients (54.9%) had metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Most frequently used immunotherapy agent was nivolumab (n = 124, 62.9%), followed by pembrolizumab (n = 36, 18.3%). The median OS was shorter in the CCI-high group than in the CCI-low group (10.6 vs. 21.2 months, p = 0.002) In multivariable analysis, treatment with anti-CTLA4 (HR: 1.85, 95% CI 1.07–3.20, p = 0.028), ECOG performance status (2–4 vs. 0–1) (HR: 2.17; 95% CI 1.25–3.75; p = 0.005), and higher CCI scores (CCI-high vs. CCI-low) (HR: 1.97; 95% CI 1.3–3.0; p = 0.001) were independently associated with worse OS.

Conclusions
Comorbidity burden and performance status independently predict survival outcomes in immunotherapy-treated cancer patients. Comprehensive comorbidity assessment is essential for optimizing treatment and improving patient outcomes.
Emotion regulation and couple burnout in marriage: A moderated moderation model of authenticity, sex of parents and having children
Authors: Kocyigit Melike , Uzun Mehmet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Couples’ emotional well-being is related to emotion regulation and couple burnout. Stress levels and challenges can make it difficult for them to express their emotions. Authenticity, exhibiting one’s “true” self, is critical for couples recognizing and expressing their emotions, reducing conflict and stress in the relationship. This research explores the moderating role of authenticity in relationships, the sex of parents, and having children in the relationship between difficulty in emotion regulation and couple burnout. The study included a total of 602 married individuals. The data were collected using Authenticity in Relationships, Difficulty in Emotion Regulation, and Couple Burnout scales. The formulated hypotheses were analyzed using Model 3 of the PROCESS macro extension (v3.3) for SPSS v23 (Hayes, 2018). The Model results revealed that the interaction terms of difficulty in emotion regulation, authenticity in relationships, and sex were significant (β = − 0.24, p < 0.05). Additionally, there is a combined moderating effect of authenticity in relationships and having children on the relationship between difficulty in emotion regulation and spousal burnout (β = 0.29, p < 0.05). The findings obtained from the slope difference test were visually presented.
Designing the future of bond markets: Reducing transaction costs through tokenization
Authors: Cisar David , Schellinger Benjamin , Stoetzer Jens-Christian , Urbach Nils , Weiß Florian Lennart , Gramlich Vincent , Guggenberger Tobias 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Corporate bonds are an attractive option for corporate financing. However, current bond markets face many challenges and inefficiencies, resulting in high transaction costs (TAC). In recent years, technological advancements like blockchain technology have enabled the possibility of reducing TAC in bond markets. Even though practice experiments with such solutions, academic literature lacks generic design knowledge under the TAC lens to design blockchain-based bonds. Thus, our research follows the design science research (DSR) paradigm to design and develop a bond prototype using the Ethereum blockchain protocol. Our results highlight the capability of blockchain-based bond markets to reduce TAC in the three dimensions of asset specificity, uncertainty, and transaction frequency. Further, our research provides design principles to contribute to both practice and the academic discourse on developing blockchain-based bond markets with reduced TAC.
Chromatic evolution, chemical changes, and biological colonisation in the quarry fronts of the Santullán limestone massif (Cantabria, Spain): implication for the mitigation of visual impact in mountain quarrying
Authors: Iglesias-Martínez Mario , Fernández-Suarez Jorge , de los Ríos Asunción , Arroyo Xabier , García-Lorenzo Mari Luz , Crespo-Feo Elena , Plet Chloe , De Andrés Pedro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The visual impact of the chromatic contrast between quarry faces and rocky outcrops represents one of the prominent disturbances to natural environments. This study, therefore, aims to quantify color changes over time in quarries by analyzing three faces of an active limestone quarry in Santullán, Cantabria, that were exposed to atmospheric conditions in 1978, 2003 and 2021. To achieve this, the contribution of biological colonisation to natural darkening, along with the physicochemical changes occurring on the quarry faces, have been evaluated using scanning electron microscopy in secondary and backscattered electron mode, UV–Vis spectrophotometric techniques, Raman spectroscopy and XRD and XRF analysis. The analysis revealed that the color change was primarily due to microbial colonisation rather than oxidative chemical reactions. Although color change does not follow a direct and progressive relationship with exposure time, biological colonisation, identified primarily as microbial communities dominated by phototrophic microorganisms, shows a clear increase in microbial presence, bioalteration, and penetration into the rock substrate in older samples. The most significant visual changes appear to occur during the first years of exposure of the massif to atmospheric conditions.
Expert consensus statement for quantitative measurement and morphologic assessment of optical coherence tomography: update 2025
Authors: Fujii Kenichi , Kubo Takashi , Otake Hiromasa , Nakazawa Gaku , Sonoda Shinjo , Hibi Kiyoshi , Shinke Toshiro , Kobayashi Yoshio , Ikari Yuji , Kozuma Ken , Akasaka Takashi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this updated expert consensus document, the methods for the quantitative measurement and morphologic assessment of optical coherence tomography (OCT) / optical frequency domain imaging images (OFDI) are briefly summarized. The focus is on the clinical application and the clinical evidence of OCT / OFDI to guide percutaneous coronary interventions.
An Illustration is Worth Ten Thousand Words: An Extraordinary Approach to Presenting Information Through Infographics
Authors: Labuschagne Mathys J. , du Preez Isabella , Prior Filipe Helena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Infographics summarise concepts visually for quick reference. Four infographics, inspired by articles on simulation-based education for ophthalmologists, were created to simplify complex ideas. The study evaluated the infographics’ effectiveness aligning with published recommendations to make simulation education user-friendly and practical, supporting busy ophthalmologist educators in designing and facilitating simulation training sessions.

Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluated the infographics created by the second author, focussing on their quality, visual appeal, and effectiveness in conveying the key messages to be used for microlearning and Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT). An evidence-based electronic questionnaire was used to evaluate design principles of effective infographics. The same questions concerning each infographic were presented to ophthalmologist educators and graphic designers.

Results
Feedback informed recommendations for infographics to define a target audience, highlight the heading, and ensure a clear narrative with an identifiable key message. Content should simplify complex concepts and be applicable to teaching. Include accessible references, limited colours and fonts, and logical alignment prioritising key elements. Use simple imagery and effective charts. Add a digital object identifier (DOI) for citation and discovery. Infographics can be shared via journals and social media, or used as Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT) tools to support professional development and simulation teaching preparation.

Conclusion
Effectively designed infographics as pragmatic focused graphic storytelling tools can support clinical educators in their daily simulation-based teaching activities and JiTT. This article provides tips on designing infographics for this purpose.
Analysis on the dust prevention mechanism of air curtain in fully mechanized excavation tunnel
Authors: Wang Hao , Xin Chuangye , Lu Shouqing , Zhang Yongliang , Sa Zhanyou , Tao Jinxu , Liu Zhuang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aiming at reducing the dust pollution during the tunneling process and improving the application efficiency of air curtain dust prevention technology, according to the changes of radial jet velocity (v
r), axial extraction velocity (v
e) and extraction distance (L) in the formation process of air curtain, the numerical simulation method was used to analyze the rules of airflow structure evolution and the diffusion characteristics of dust particles in fully mechanized excavation tunnel. The results indicate that as v
r and v
e increase, the migration path of the wall jet of the air curtain changes into an axial direction; as L decreases, the migration distance increases accordingly. These phenomena make the airflow distribution in the working face tends to be uniform. The dust diffusion distance reduces as well, wherein, the range of the discrete area of dust particles decreases sharply, until all dust particles are concentrated in the accumulation area. On this basis, the v
r, v
e and L were optimized and applied in the 63up08 fully mechanized working face. By the application of the optimal parameters, the average dust removal efficiency at the driver’s position increased by 71%. The dust concentration was reduced and the working environment had been improved effectively.
Spatio-temporal higher-order finite-difference solution for the scalar acoustic wave equation based on the global difference coefficient
Authors: Wang Wentao , He Bingshou 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The partial derivatives obtained through the difference approximation in the finite-difference method for solving the scalar acoustic wave equation may give rise to computational errors, which have the potential to induce numerical dispersion. Typically, the temporal or spatial higher-order difference format is employed, whereby the difference order between the computational region and the perfectly matched layer (PML) boundaries can result in boundary reflections. In this study, we derive the acoustic wave equation and its PML boundary conditions in the finite difference format of the temporal fourth-order and the spatial 2Nth-order, based on the Lax-Wendroff method. Subsequently, the stability conditions of the two finite difference formats are presented and analyzed under different parameters. This effectively addresses the issue of temporal dispersion. Furthermore, the high-order PML temporal boundary conditions effectively suppress the boundary reflection phenomenon generated by the computational regions and the different difference orders of the PML boundaries. Moreover, the time-space dispersion relation of the acoustic wave equation is employed to globally optimize the difference coefficients via the least-squares method, thereby suppressing the spatial dispersion. The numerical solution experiments of the acoustic wave equation for the horizontal laminar model and the Marmousi model demonstrate the efficacy of the presented algorithm.
Majoritarianism and Monoculture (M&M)
Authors: Ahmed Mansoor “Manny” , Toliver Dann R. , Nakib Hazem Danny 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research in decentralized computing, specifically in consensus algorithms, has focused on providing resistance to an adversary with a minority stake. This has resulted in systems that are majoritarian in the extreme, ignoring valuable lessons learned in law and politics over centuries. In this article, we first detail this phenomenon of majoritarianism and point out how minority protections in the nondigital world have been implemented. We motivate adding minority protections to collaborative systems with examples. We also show how current software deployment models exacerbate majoritarianism, highlighting the problem of monoculture in client software in particular. We conclude by giving some suggestions on how to make decentralized computing less hostile to those in the minority.
Emotional Stroop Test in online and offline experimental procedures: the comparison of two different modes of conducting studies
Authors: Wielgopolan Adrianna , Pastwa Maciej , Żuk Dawid , Imbir Kamil K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While conducting experiments via the Internet has become quite popular recently, there is still an ongoing debate regarding the reliability of data obtained using this method, especially for subtle manipulations and measurements susceptible to minor changes (e.g., reaction times). In this series of two experiments employing the emotional Stroop task (using emotional word stimuli differing in their valence, arousal, and subjective significance levels), we compared the reaction times of participants taking part in experiments either in the laboratory (Experiment 1) or online (Experiment 2). In line with previous studies, there were no significant differences observed between the two experiments. Both modes of conducting studies yielded a similar pattern of results, namely interactions between valence and arousal, and a three-way interaction between valence, arousal, and subjective significance. We conclude that the pattern of disturbance in cognitive processing caused by affect is not susceptible to the setting that the subjects are in, which may be a significant argument for reliability of affect-related experiments conducted online.
Why Is Participation Low in Referendums? Lessons from Latin America
Authors: Rau Eli Gavin , Sarkar Radha , Stokes Susan C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Whether referendums, initiatives, and other mechanisms of direct democracy enhance representative systems is a matter of debate. Skeptics note—among other criticisms—that turnout tends to be low in referendums, often lower than in candidate elections in the same country. If citizens do not care enough to participate, how useful can these mechanisms be for improving the quality of democratic systems? We argue that low referendum turnout has as much to do with parties’ disincentives to mobilize voters as it does with voter disinterest. Prior research on political behavior in referendums has focused largely on Europe and assumes that voters view them as elections of lesser importance. By shifting focus to Latin America, we introduce more variation in the features of political parties that influence levels of turnout. We draw on cross-national evidence, qualitative research in Colombia, and quantitative analysis of municipal-level referendum voting behavior in Brazil. The key to understanding low voter turnout in these settings is the relatively weaker incentives that political parties have to turn out the vote when control over office is not at stake. We demonstrate that, in clientelistic systems, party operatives have particularly weak incentives to get their constituents out to the polls.
Beyond the Longhouse: On the Heterogeneity, Spatiality and Temporality of Scandinavian Iron Age Households
Authors: Bukkemoen Grethe Bjørkan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The last 20 years have seen growing attention in Scandinavian archaeology towards the study of the Iron Age household. The aim of this paper is to challenge the conceptions of what the household is and argue for the potential in approaching households as heterogenous, emergent assemblages, with an untapped potential in diachronic and spatial studies. Inherent in the vast archaeological record of the Scandinavian Iron Age is a capacity for broader perspectives to explore household processes’ duration and change. Drawing on theoretical insights from the Communities of Practice (COP) framework and assemblage-based thinking, the paper accentuates the household as a key arena for learning, knowledge and identity formation and a heterogeneous unit bound up in changing spheres of interaction. Household practices, or the shared repertoire of households, represent analytical mechanisms that allow for the study of variation, continuity and recalibration, thus providing essential entry points to studies of social processes.
Kant and Herder on Reason’s Relation to Language
Authors: Tritschler Marvin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper offers a reading of the infamous mutual critique between Kant and Herder by criticising the standard account of their tense relation, which attributes a priority of reason to the former and a priority of language to the latter. As Kant thinks that judging can only be realised through its expression in language, and Herder conceives of a linguistic act as the self-conscious positing of meaning, they equally reject any sharp separation of thought from its expression in language. The central difference lies in their opposing accounts of the relation between reason’s striving for metaphysical knowledge and the latter’s linguistic guise.
On–off switching digitalized W-band SiGe variable gain power amplifier for large-scale phased array
Authors: Han Jiang-An , Cheng Xu , Luo Xian-Hu , Zhang Liang , Yang Zi-Qiang , Cheng Bin-Bin , Lin Chang-Xing , Deng Xian-Jin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, on–off switching digitization of a W-band variable gain power amplifier (VGPA) with above 60 dB dynamic range is introduced for large-scale phased array. Digitization techniques of on–off switching modified stacking transistors with partition are proposed to optimize configuration of control sub-cells. By the proposed techniques, gain control of a radio frequency variable gain amplifier (VGA) could be highly customized for both coarse and fine switching requirements instead of using additional digital-to-analog converters to tune the overall amplifier bias. The designed VGA in 130 nm SiGe has achieved switchable gain range from −46.4 to 20.6 dB and power range from −25.0 to 15.7 dBm at W band. The chip size of the fabricated VGPA is about 0.31 mm × 0.1 mm.
Wichtiger Schritt zur Verbesserung
Authors: Rolland Espen Gade , Zappe Robert , Mayer Michael 
Published: January 2025

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Psychische Erkrankungen nehmen weltweit zu, was aber nicht automatisch bedeutet, dass mehr psychiatrische Pflege finanziert wird, um die psychische Gesundheit der Bevölkerung zu fördern. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Die Leitlinien des International Council of Nurses (ICN) sind als globaler Rahmen konzipiert, der die Akteur_innen in den Gesundheitssystemen informieren und unterstützen soll, die bestmögliche psychiatrische Pflege zu entwickeln. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Die Umsetzung der Leitlinien wird die Qualität der psychiatrischen Pflege deutlich weiterentwickeln und damit einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur psychischen Gesundheit der Bevölkerung leisten.