bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fault‐resilient control of parallel PV inverters using multi‐agent twin‐delayed deep deterministic policy gradient approach
Authors: Malik Azra , Haque Ahteshamul , Kurukuru V. S. Bharath , Mekhilef Saad 
Published: December 2023

SummaryGrid‐tied photovoltaic system (GTPS) are widely favored due to their inherent benefits. The interface of parallel power electronic converters in these systems is rapidly increasing. The inverter in GTPS has a very important role in power conversion, transfer, and control. However, their challenging working conditions contribute to susceptibility to power switching device failures. Traditional fault diagnosis and tolerant approaches exhibit limitations in control efficiency, model dependency, and slow recovery from fault. This study proposes a multi‐agent twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (MATD3PG) configuration for intelligent parallel inverter control, fault diagnosis, and fault‐tolerant operation in GTPS structure. By leveraging the multi‐agent reinforcement learning (RL) framework, an optimal control of the parallel inverter can be achieved, encompassing fault‐tolerant operation using MATLAB Simulink/PLECS. The major advantage the given technique offers is that it carries out optimum fault‐tolerant operation without causing the system derating. Experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed fault‐tolerant model based on RL traditional methods is able to ensure continuous supply to the connected loads even during fault events. Further, the transition time from fault occurrence to recovery is found to be 6 ms, which is quite less compared with the fault‐tolerant techniques presented in literature. Through real‐time fault diagnosis‐based results, the proposed approach ensures precise tracking of reference currents, quicker response times, uninterrupted supply, and smooth transition to the post‐fault operation mode.
Correlation induced out‐of‐phase plasmon in an electron liquid
Authors: Kalman Gabor J. , Golden Kenneth I. , Silvestri Luciano G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe derive from first principles the existence of a low‐frequency plasmon in a strongly coupled three‐dimensional homogeneous electron gas (HEG). From its dispersion and its satisfaction of the third frequency sum rule we identify it with the conjectured magnetic excitation in the HEG. This excitation is maintained by the out‐of‐phase oscillations of the spin‐up and spin‐down densities of the electron liquid, but governed solely by the Coulomb interaction between the particles. The frequency square of this mode is proportional to the overlap (r = 0) (absolute) value of the spin‐up/spin‐down correlation function, and thus slightly affected by, but not contingent upon the degree of polarization of the electron liquid. We estimate the spectral weight of the mode: it is expected to be governed by electron–electron collision induced spin drag. The spectral weight is manifest in the partial spin‐resolved dynamical structure functions and it is proportional to the product of the densities of the two spin components. An independent derivation based on a generalized Feynman Ansatz corroborates our result. The relationship to the recently identified “spin plasmon” excitation is discussed.
Forecasting global spread of invasive pests and pathogens through international trade
Authors: Montgomery Kellyn , Walden‐Schreiner Chelsey , Saffer Ariel , Jones Chris , Seliger Benjamin J. , Worm Thom , Tateosian Laura , Shukunobe Makiko , Kumar Sunil , Meentemeyer Ross K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNon‐native plant pests and pathogens threaten biodiversity, ecosystem function, food security, and economic livelihoods. As new invasive populations establish, often as an unintended consequence of international trade, they can become additional sources of introductions, accelerating global spread through bridgehead effects. While the study of non‐native pest spread has used computational models to provide insights into drivers and dynamics of biological invasions and inform management, efforts have focused on local or regional scales and are challenged by complex transmission networks arising from bridgehead population establishment. This paper presents a flexible spatiotemporal stochastic network model called PoPS (Pest or Pathogen Spread) Global that couples international trade networks with core drivers of biological invasions—climate suitability, host availability, and propagule pressure—quantified through open, globally available databases to forecast the spread of non‐native plant pests. The modular design of the framework makes it adaptable for various pests capable of dispersing via human‐mediated pathways, supports proactive responses to emerging pests when limited data are available, and enables forecasts at different spatial and temporal resolutions. We demonstrate the framework using a case study of the invasive planthopper spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula). The model was calibrated with historical, known spotted lanternfly introductions to identify potential bridgehead populations that may contribute to global spread. This global view of phytosanitary pandemics provides crucial information for anticipating biological invasions, quantifying transport pathways risk levels, and allocating resources to safeguard plant health, agriculture, and natural resources.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Reduction of δ‐Nitro Dienes: a Viable Entry to Functionalized Amines and Highly Substituted Enantioenriched Cyclopentanes
Authors: Faverio Chiara , Franco Francesca , Taini Giulia , Raimondi Laura , Benaglia Maurizio 
Published: December 2023

Abstractδ‐nitro dienes were successfully synthesized and converted to δ‐nitro alkenes with complete chemo and regioselectivity. The enantioselective organocatalytic reduction was also accomplished and afforded the product in up to 97 % e.e. The chiral nitro alkene was further elaborated and employed as starting material in a stereoselective cyclization reaction that led to an almost enantiomerically pure highly functionalised cyclopentane featuring 5 contiguous stereocenters.
Past glaciation of temperate‐continental mountains: A model for a debris‐charged plateau icefield/cirque glacier landsystem in the Southern Carpathians, Romania
Authors: Balaban Cristina I. , Roberts David H. , Evans David J. A. , Jamieson Stewart S. R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReconstructing the extent, style, timing and drivers of past mountain glaciation is crucial in both understanding past atmospheric circulation and predicting future climate change. Unlike in high‐elevation mountains situated in maritime and continental climates, less is known of past glaciation in mid‐altitude mountains, located in transitional climates, such as the Southern Carpathians of Romania. Despite these mountains harbouring a rich glacial geomorphology, this has never been systematically mapped according to well‐established morphological criteria, nor confidently related to former styles of glaciation. Therefore, filling this gap is important for not only accurately identifying glacial extents but also for establishing past glaciation styles and relating them to past ice dynamics and climate. Here, we devise the first glacial landsystem model for the Southern Carpathians, to enhance our understanding of the glaciation style and dynamics of past mountain glaciers in temperate‐continental climates. We present a geomorphological map, from which we infer the spatial and temporal evolution of glacial, periglacial and paraglacial landforms. We then assess the links between the mountain geomorphology and glaciation style and dynamics to construct a glacial landsystem model for debris‐charged plateau icefields and cirque glaciers in temperate‐continental mountain settings.
Polymorphisms of the PD‐L1 gene 3′‐untranslated region are associated with the expression of PD‐L1 in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ohhara Yoshihito , Tomaru Utano , Kinoshita Ichiro , Hatanaka Kanako C. , Noguchi Takuro , Hatanaka Yutaka , Amono Toraji , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Dosaka‐Akita Hirotoshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent results show that polymorphisms of programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1, also known as CD274 or B7‐H1) might be used as a possible marker for effectiveness of chemotherapy and cancer risk. However, the effect of PD‐L1 gene variations on PD‐L1 expression remain unclear. Given the post‐transcriptional machinery in tumor PD‐L1 expression, we investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of the PD‐L1 gene, rs4143815 and rs4742098, using formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded sections of 154 patients with non‐small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). In rs4143815, the GG genotype showed significant association with PD‐L1 expression (P = 0.032). In rs4742098, the AA genotype was significantly associated with histology and PD‐L1 expression (P = 0.022 and P = 0.008, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the AA genotype in rs4742098 was correlated with PD‐L1 expression (odds ratio 0.408, P = 0.048). Interestingly, approximately 10% of the NSCLC cases showed somatic mutation when we compared genotypes of these SNPs between NSCLC tissues and non‐tumor tissues from the same patients. In addition, cases with somatic mutation showed higher levels of PD‐L1 expression than cases with germline mutation in rs4143815 GG. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the rs4143815 and rs4742098 SNPs in the 3′‐UTR of PD‐L1 were associated with tumor PD‐L1 expression in NSCLCs.
COVID‐19 vaccine wastage in Africa: A case of Nigeria
Authors: Musa Muhammad Kabir , Abdulsalam Abdullateef , Haruna Usman Abubakar , Zakariya Farida , Salisu Sanusi Muhammad , Onajin‐Obembe Bisola , Idris Suleman Hadejia , Eliseo Lucero‐Prisno Don 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe World Health Organization has launched campaigns to boost immunisation rates to 70 percent globally by the middle of 2022. However, despite the global success of about 64% COVID‐19 vaccination coverage, there is a big gap in Nigeria. To date, only 13.8% of the population has received the recommended dose. This demonstrates a significant disparity between the vaccinated and the unvaccinated. Amidst the wide gap in vaccination, COVID‐19 vaccine wastage still occurs in Nigeria. At the end of 2021, it was estimated that over a million doses of the COVID‐19 vaccine had been wasted. It is anticipated that there will be more COVID‐19 vaccine wastage in Nigeria, because of the combined factors that threaten vaccination uptake including vaccine accessibility, lack of appropriate storage facilities, poor electricity supply, insecurity challenges, and inadequate health promotion. This results in concomitant financial and opportunity losses. In this paper, we discuss COVID‐19 vaccine wastage in Nigeria including causes, and solutions that can be applied to mitigate this wastage.
Proteinuria in predicting adverse outcomes in women with severe features of pre‐eclampsia from a developing country: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Murali Akshaya , Rengaraj Sasirekha , Priyamvada P. S. , Sivanandan Sindhu , Udayakumar Karthik R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo study the adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with severe pre‐eclampsia (SPE) among different ranges of proteinuria.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted in Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, India. After obtaining informed written consent, the 202 singleton women fulfilling the criteria of severe features of pre‐eclampsia were stratified based on the value of urine protein‐creatinine ratio (UPCR) as mild, moderate, severe, and massive proteinuria during pregnancy. Clinical outcomes were assessed and patients were followed up until 12 weeks postpartum to identify persistent proteinuria and hypertension.ResultsOf the 202 women with SPE, adverse maternal outcomes were seen in 34.65% (n = 70) and adverse perinatal outcomes in 75.74% (n = 153). The demographic and clinical factors were similar among women with increasing severity of proteinuria, except for mean systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine and total serum protein. UPCR was found to have a significant correlation with composite adverse perinatal outcome (P < 0.001) and individual outcomes of neonatal intensive care unit admission for >48 h (P = 0.01) and neonatal sepsis (P = 0.02) but not adverse maternal outcomes (P = 0.201). The optimum UPCR cutoff for adverse perinatal outcomes was 1.6 (sensitivity, 73.2%; specificity, 52.7%). In addition, 14.85% of the women had a persistently elevated UPCR and 3.96% had hypertension at 3 months postpartum.ConclusionIn women with SPE, severe and massive proteinuria were related to composite adverse perinatal outcome but not composite adverse maternal outcome. Moreover, antenatal 24‐h proteinuria was significantly associated with persistent proteinuria. Significant proteinuria in women with SPE poses a risk for chronic renal dysfunction, requiring follow‐up.
Detection of serum major histocompatibility complex I (HLA‐1) and β2‐microglobulin (β2M) in pre‐eclampsia using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)
Authors: Shi Xu‐Feng , Zhang Jing‐Li , Liu Kan , Wang Li , Wang Huan‐Ping , Wu Hai‐Ying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this preliminary investigation into the pathogenesis of pre‐eclampsia was to screen the differential proteins in the serum of pregnant women with normal pregnancy and early‐onset pre‐eclampsia using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), so as to identify serum biomarkers for the early diagnosis of pre‐eclampsia.MethodsWe examined the peripheral serum of 58 normal pregnant women and 42 pregnant women with early‐onset pre‐eclampsia using iTRAQ; the differentially expressed proteins were screened for bioinformatics analysis; and the expression of candidate proteins human leukocyte antigen‐1 (HLA‐1) and β2‐microglobulin (β2M) in placental tissues was detected using western blot.ResultsWe identified a total of 63 differential proteins in the serum of patients from the normal control group and the pre‐eclampsia group, and this included 24 up‐regulated proteins and 39 down‐regulated proteins. The western blot results of placental tissue showed reduced HLA‐1 expression (1.12 ± 0.23) in the placenta in the pre‐eclampsia group as compared with the normal control group (1.34 ± 0.22). Consistent with the results observed in the serum, β2M in the placenta in the pre‐eclampsia group was significantly elevated (1.05 ± 0.47) in comparison with the normal group (0.75 ± 0.33) (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn this study, we found that iTRAQ technology was useful for identifying differentially expressed proteins in the peripheral serum of pregnant women with pre‐eclampsia, and that HLA‐1 and β2M, which may be involved in the occurrence of pre‐eclampsia, show promise as predictive markers of pre‐eclampsia.
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Authors: Zhao Jingyue , Li Zulin , Lv Shiwen , Wang Manxi , Li Chuanping , Li Xuan , Chen Hongyang , Li Manxian , Chen Xiaochuan , Wang Feifeng , Fan Weiwei , Wu Junxiong , Wang Ziqiang , Li Xiaoyan , Chen Yuming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrospun nanofibers show remarkable potential as TEM nanoreactors for studying material properties, formation mechanisms and electrochemical behaviors.
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Nonlinearities in macroeconomic tail risk through the lens of big data quantile regressions
Authors: Prüser Jan , Huber Florian 
Published: December 2023

SummaryModeling and predicting extreme movements in GDP is notoriously difficult, and the selection of appropriate covariates and/or possible forms of nonlinearities are key in obtaining precise forecasts. In this paper, our focus is on using large datasets in quantile regression models to forecast the conditional distribution of US GDP growth. To capture possible nonlinearities, we include several nonlinear specifications. The resulting models will be huge dimensional, and we thus rely on a set of shrinkage priors. Since Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation becomes slow in these dimensions, we rely on fast variational Bayes approximations to the posterior distribution of the coefficients and the latent states. We find that our proposed set of models produces precise forecasts. These gains are especially pronounced in the tails. Using Gaussian processes to approximate the nonlinear component of the model further improves the good performance, in particular in the right tail.
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Authors: Mari Meropi , Voutyraki Chrysanthi , Zacharioudaki Eva , Delidakis Christos , Filippidis George 
Published: December 2023

The quantification of the lipid content of Drosophila haemocytes, upon encountering normal or tumorigenic neural cells was successfully accomplished by non‐linear microscopy techniques. Specifically, Third Harmonic Generation (THG) allowed for the discrimination between activated/non‐activated haemocytes in correlation with their shape and state; round/ elongated/exhausted haemocytes (merged images). This approach holds a significant potential as a valuable tool to assess the phagocytic capacity or activation state of tumourassociated haemocytes.For further details please visit the article by Meropi Mari, Chrysanthi Voutyraki, Eva Zacharioudaki, Christos Delidakis, George Filippidis (e202300171)image
Complete response of mantle cell lymphoma with central nervous system involvement at diagnosis with acalabrutinib – Case report
Authors: Barrett Aisling , Eyre Toby A. , Bhuva Shaheel , Aljurf Mahmoud , Fakih Riad El , Ashshi Mohammad A. , Alshaibani Alfadel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) involvement by mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is rare and portends a poor prognosis. We describe the first patient to have a complete response with front‐line treatment with single‐agent acalabrutinib for MCL CNS.
Heavy metal contamination impacts the structure and co‐occurrence patterns of bacterial communities in agricultural soils
Authors: Liu Jiangyun , Pei Shuwei , Zheng Qiwen , Li Jia , Liu Xingrong , Ruan Ye , Luo Bin , Ma Li , Chen Rentong , Hu Weigang , Niu Jingping , Tian Tian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHeavy metal (HM) contamination caused by mining and smelting activities can be harmful to soil microbiota, which are highly sensitive to HM stress. Here, we explore the effects of HM contamination on the taxonomic composition, predicted function, and co‐occurrence patterns of soil bacterial communities in two agricultural fields with contrasting levels of soil HMs (i.e., contaminated and uncontaminated natural areas). Our results indicate that HM contamination does not significantly influence soil bacterial α diversity but changes the bacterial community composition by enriching the phyla Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, and Parcubacteria and reducing the relative abundance of Actinobacteria. Our results further demonstrate that HM contamination can strengthen the complexity and modularity of the bacterial co‐occurrence network but weaken positive interactions between keystone taxa, leading to the gradual disappearance of some taxa that originally played an important role in healthy soil, thereby possibly reducing the resistance of bacterial communities to HM toxicity. The predicted functions of bacterial communities are related to membrane transport, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. Among these, functions related to HM detoxification and antioxidation are enriched in uncontaminated soils, while HM contamination enriches functions related to metal resistance. This study demonstrated that microorganisms adapt to the stress of HM pollution by adjusting their composition and enhancing their network complexity and potential ecological functions.
A prospective, controlled multisite trial of yoga in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Leiby Alycia , Albenberg Lindsey , Langseder Annette , Kennedy Mary , Pressman Naomi , Chiu Stephanie , Rosh Joel R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate whether a structured yoga program improves health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and self‐efficacy in pediatric patients receiving care for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsIBD patients who were 10–17 years old participated in a 12 week, in‐person yoga intervention at two clinical sites. Outcomes were measured at time of consent (T0), start of yoga (T1), and completion of yoga (T2) and 3 months after yoga completion (T3) using the IMPACT‐III, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), and General Self Efficacy (GSE) scales.ResultsSeventy‐eight patients were enrolled. Fifty‐six patients completed nine or more classes. 73.2% had Crohn's disease and 26.8% ulcerative colitis or IBD‐unclassified. A significant increase in IMPACT‐III was seen from T1 to T3 (mean change of 5.22, SD = 14.33, p = 0.010), in the PedsQL (mean change = 2.3, SD = 10.24, p = 0.050), and GSE (mean change = 1, SD = 3.60, p = 0.046). 85.2% of patients reported yoga helped them to control stress. Long‐term data was available for 47 subjects with 31.9% (n = 15) continuing to practice yoga one to 3 years after study completion.ConclusionThis structured 12‐week yoga program showed significant improvements in HRQOL and general self‐efficacy, particularly 3 months after classes were concluded suggesting that yoga's benefits may persist. Yoga is a safe and effective adjunct to standard medical care to improve QOL and self‐efficacy in youth with IBD.
Bone health screening practices with dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and prediction of abnormal results in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Morrow Ryan , de Zoeten Edwin F. , Ma Nina , Chun Camille , Scott Frank I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesPediatric patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at risk of suboptimal peak bone mass attainment. This study aimed to understand rates of bone health screening adherence, describe factors associated with dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) acquisition, and identify factors associated with abnormal DXA.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of pediatric IBD patients over a 10‐year time frame. We included IBD patients (2–20 years of age) enrolled in ImproveCareNow and excluded patients with primary metabolic bone disease. Time‐to‐event methods and multivariable logistic regression were employed to identify factors associated with DXA acquisition and abnormal DXA.ResultsIn 676 patients, 464 (68.63%) pediatric patients with IBD had a risk factor for low bone mineral density (BMD); 137 (29.53%) underwent an initial DXA scan. Quiescent disease was significantly associated with a reduced likelihood of DXA (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24–0.97), while weight z‐score <−2 was significantly associated with DXA performance (HR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.08–3.98). Abnormal DXA results (BMD z‐score ≤−1) occurred in 59 (35.54%) individuals. After adjusting for visit diagnosis, delayed puberty, severe disease course, 6 months or greater of steroid exposure, and history of fracture, BMI z‐score <−1 (odds ratio: 5.45; 95% CI: 2.41–12.33) was associated with abnormal DXA.ConclusionsDXA screening occurred in less than one‐third of eligible pediatric IBD patients. Compliance was more common in patients with a weight z‐score <−2 and less common in those with quiescent disease. BMI strongly predicted abnormal DXA results when adjusting for risk factors for abnormal BMD.