bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraocular pressure after combined photorefractive keratectomy and corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus
Authors: Nabil Karim Mahmoud , Elmassry Ahmed Abdel Karim , Ntakarusho Silas , Said Amr Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effect of combined photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with keratoconus (KC).

Methods
We included 64 eyes of 34 patients (19 males and 15 females; age: 19-40y) with stages 1–2 keratoconus which had undergone combined wavefront-optimized photorefractive keratectomy and corneal collagen cross linking. Two other groups of patients were added as controls: the PRK group including 110 eyes of 57 patients (23 males and 34 females; age: 18-44y) which had undergone wavefront-optimized photorefractive keratectomy for myopic refractive errors, and the CXL group including 36 eyes of 23 patients (14 males and 9 females; age: 12-38y) with keratoconus, not filling the inclusion criteria for combined PRK and CXL, which had undergone corneal collagen cross-linking. IOP was recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6 and 12 months follow-up visits.

Results
Preoperative IOP in both CXL (12.1 ± 2.53 mmHg) and PRK + CXL (13.2 ± 2.50 mmHg) groups was significantly lower than PRK group (15.8 ± 3.10 mmHg) (F = 30.505, p < 0.001). At 3 months postoperatively, IOP showed no statistically significant difference between the three studied groups (F = 1.821, p = 0.164). At 6 months postoperatively, IOP in the CXL group (14.6 ± 2.64 mmHg) was significantly higher than both PRK (13.4 ± 2.27 mmHg) and PRK + CXL (13.3 ± 2.62 mmHg) groups (F = 3.721, p = 0.026). At 12 months postoperatively, IOP in the CXL group (14.3 ± 2.69 mmHg) was significantly higher than the PRK group (13.2 ± 2.23 mmHg) and was higher than PRK + CXL group (13.3 ± 2.59 mmHg) although not statistically significant (F = 3.393, p = 0.035).
Regarding the percent of change from preoperative IOP, a statistically significant difference between the three studied groups was detected at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively (H = 117.459, 109.303, 122.694 respectively, p < 0.001). The median percent of change from preoperative IOP in the PRK group was −16.7%, −15%, and −16.7%, in the CXL group was + 14.3%, + 19.4%, and + 19.1%, while in PRK + CXL group was 0% at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. (Post-hoc power analysis 75%).

Conclusions
Combined PRK and CXL in patients with KC shows no significant effect on IOP, in contrast to either procedure performed separately.
A hazard analysis of federal permitting under the national environmental policy act of 1970
Authors: Bennon Michael , De La Hormaza Daniel , Geddes R. Richard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1970 requires federal agencies to assess the environmental impact of proposed federal actions. NEPA thus affects delivery of a wide range of infrastructure projects. NEPA requires the completion of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for environmentally impactful federal actions. For infrastructure projects this can entail significant delays. A typical EIS now takes about four and one-half years and is over 600 pages long. Some EIS’s take over a decade to complete. We provide the first detailed analysis of project approval times under NEPA by examining 1269 EIS permitting processes. We analyze empirically the well-defined interval from Notice of Intent to file to Record of Decision (ROD). We use a Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the impact of several factors on EIS duration. Factors include permits featuring major construction, those including private investment, those for projects located in states with restrictive environmental laws, those using the federal permitting “dashboard,” and those publishing a Supplemental EIS prior to the ROD. We find that privately financed projects receive faster permitting, while projects involving major construction, those undertaken in restrictive states, and those utilizing the federal permitting dashboard, face slower permitting times. We also explore links between EIS page counts and permitting time. Greater EIS page counts are associated with longer permitting times. We conclude by examining EIS completion during economic stimulus programs such as the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), as well as the frequency of EIS completion by the federal government.
The Experience of Affordances in an Intersubjective World
Authors: Kiverstein Julian , Artese Giuseppe Flavio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOur paper is concerned with theories of direct perception in ecological psychology that first emerged in the second half of the twentieth century. Ecological psychology continues to be influential among philosophers and cognitive scientists today who defend a 4E (embodied, embedded, extended, enactive) approach to the scientific study of cognition. Ecological psychologists have experimentally investigated how animals are able to directly perceive their surrounding environment and what it affords to them. We pursue questions about direct perception through a discussion of the ecological psychologist’s concept of affordances. In recent years, psychologists and philosophers have begun to mark out two explanatory roles for the affordance concept. In one role, affordances are cast as belonging to a shared, publicly available environment, and existing independent of the experience of any perceiving and acting animal. In a second role, affordances are described in phenomenological terms, in relation to an experiencing animal that has its own peculiar needs, interests and personal history. Our aim in this paper is to argue for a single phenomenological or experiential understanding of the affordance concept. We make our argument, first of all, based on William James’ concept of pure experience developed in his later, radical empiricist writings. James thought of pure experience as having a field structure that is organized by the selective interest and needs of the perceiver. We will argue however that James did not emphasize sufficiently the social and intersubjective character of the field of experience. Drawing on the phenomenologist Aron Gurwitsch, we will argue that psychological factors like individual needs and attention must be thought of as already confronted with a social reality. On the phenomenological reading of affordances we develop, direct perception of affordances is understood as taking place within an intersubjective world structured by human social and cultural life.
Computational modeling of attractor-based neural processes involved in the preparation of voluntary actions
Authors: Hassannejad Nazir Azadeh , Hellgren Kotaleski Jeanette , Liljenström Hans 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVolition is conceived as a set of orchestrated executive functions, which can be characterized by features, such as reason-based and goal-directedness, driven by endogenous signals. The lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) has long been considered to be responsible for cognitive control and executive function, and its neurodynamics appears to be central to goal-directed cognition. In order to address both associative processes (i.e. reason-action and action-outcome) based on internal stimuli, it seems essential to consider the interconnectivity of LPFC and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The critical placement of ACC as a hub mediates projection of afferent expectancy signals directly from brain structures associated with emotion, as well as internal signals from subcortical areas to the LPFC. Apparently, the two cortical areas LPFC and ACC play a pivotal role in the formation of voluntary behaviors. In this paper, we model the neurodynamics of these two neural structures and their interactions related to intentional control. We predict that the emergence of intention is the result of both feedback-based and competitive mechanisms among neural attractors. These mechanisms alter the dimensionalities of coexisting chaotic attractors to more stable, low dimensional manifolds as limit cycle attractors, which may result in the onset of a readiness potential (RP) in SMA, associated with a decision to act.
Machine learning-based computer-aided simple triage (CAST) for COVID-19 pneumonia as compared with triage by board-certified chest radiologists
Authors: Ohno Yoshiharu , Aoki Takatoshi , Endo Masahiro , Koyama Hisanobu , Moriya Hiroshi , Okada Fumito , Higashino Takanori , Sato Haruka , Oyama-Manabe Noriko , Haraguchi Takafumi , Arakita Kazumasa , Aoyagi Kota , Ikeda Yoshihiro , Kaminaga Shigeo , Taniguchi Akira , Sugihara Naoki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Several reporting systems have been proposed for providing standardized language and diagnostic categories aiming for expressing the likelihood that lung abnormalities on CT images represent COVID-19. We developed a machine learning (ML)-based CT texture analysis software for simple triage based on the RSNA Expert Consensus Statement system. The purpose of this study was to conduct a multi-center and multi-reader study to determine the capability of ML-based computer-aided simple triage (CAST) software based on RSNA expert consensus statements for diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods
For this multi-center study, 174 cases who had undergone CT and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for COVID-19 were retrospectively included. Their CT data were then assessed by CAST and consensus from three board-certified chest radiologists, after which all cases were classified as either positive or negative. Diagnostic performance was then compared by McNemar’s test. To determine radiological finding evaluation capability of CAST, three other board-certified chest radiologists assessed CAST results for radiological findings into five criteria. Finally, accuracies of all radiological evaluations were compared by McNemar’s test.

Results
A comparison of diagnosis for COVID-19 pneumonia based on RT-PCR results for cases with COVID-19 pneumonia findings on CT showed no significant difference of diagnostic performance between ML-based CAST software and consensus evaluation (p > 0.05). Comparison of agreement on accuracy for all radiological finding evaluations showed that emphysema evaluation accuracy for investigator A (AC = 91.7%) was significantly lower than that for investigators B (100%, p = 0.0009) and C (100%, p = 0.0009).

Conclusion
This multi-center study shows COVID-19 pneumonia triage by CAST can be considered at least as valid as that by chest expert radiologists and may be capable for playing as useful a complementary role for management of suspected COVID-19 pneumonia patients as well as the RT-PCR test in routine clinical practice.
Bildung und Subjektivierung. Systematische Spannungslinien des Subjektivierungskonzepts im Kontext von Optimierung, Digitalisierung und Migration
Authors: Bünger Carsten , Jergus Kerstin 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag erläutert die Bedeutung des Subjektivierungskonzepts für erziehungswissenschaftliche Theoriebildung und Forschung mit besonderer Berücksichtigung aktueller gesellschaftspolitischer Fragestellungen. Im Zentrum dieses Stichwortartikels stehen dabei zum einen die kategorialen Implikationen, die das Subjektivierungstheorem für erziehungswissenschaftliche Fragestellungen offeriert. Dabei ist insbesondere die bildungstheoretische Frage nach Prozessen der Subjektwerdung berührt, die durch die Bezugnahme auf Subjektivierung vielfältige Impulse und empirisch-analytische Wendungen erfährt. Dieser bildungstheoretische Fokus wird zum anderen mit dem Blick auf die Produktivität der Subjektivierungsanalyse für aktuelle erziehungswissenschaftliche Problemstellungen und Forschungsperspektiven verbunden. Herausgestellt wird so, inwiefern die Bezugnahme auf Subjektivierungsformen einen innovativen Beitrag zur Untersuchung der Zusammenhänge von gesellschaftlichen Dynamiken der Globalisierung – wie insbesondere Migration, Ökonomisierung und Digitalisierung – und je spezifischen Selbst-Bildungsprozessen leisten kann.
Enhancing framelet GCNs with generalized p-Laplacian regularization
Authors: Shao Zhiqi , Shi Dai , Han Andi , Vasnev Andrey , Guo Yi , Gao Junbin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGraph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable results for various graph learning tasks. However, one of the recent challenges for GNNs is to adapt to different types of graph inputs, such as heterophilic graph datasets in which linked nodes are more likely to contain a different class of labels and features. Accordingly, an ideal GNN model should adaptively accommodate all types of graph datasets with different labeling distributions. In this paper, we tackle this challenge by proposing a regularization framework on graph framelet with the regularizer induced from graph p-Laplacian. By adjusting the value of p, the p-Laplacian based regularizer restricts the solution space of graph framelet into the desirable region based on the graph homophilic features. We propose an algorithm to effectively solve a more generalized regularization problem and prove that the algorithm imposes a (p-Laplacian based) spectral convolution and diagonal scaling operation to the framelet filtered node features. Furthermore, we analyze the denoising power of the proposed model and compare it with the predefined framelet denoising regularizer. Finally, we conduct empirical studies to show the prediction power of the proposed model in both homophily undirect and heterophily direct graphs with and without noises. Our proposed model shows significant improvements compared to multiple baselines, and this suggests the effectiveness of combining graph framelet and p-Laplacian.
The Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Pharmacokinetics of Drugs: a Review of Current Evidence
Authors: Konstantinidou Sofia K. , Argyrakopoulou Georgia , Dalamaga Maria , Kokkinos Alexander 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Obesity constitutes a major public health concern and has been recognized as an epidemic. To date, bariatric surgery remains the most effective way for substantial long-lasting weight loss in severe obesity. The purpose of this review is to summarize how the pharmacokinetics of drugs are affected by the most common types of bariatric surgery, i.e., Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG).

Recent Findings
Limited data are available regarding the changes in pharmacokinetics of drugs after bariatric surgery. The lack of existing guidelines may lead patients to experience drug toxicity or therapeutic undertreatment. Pharmacokinetic parameters that need to be taken into consideration postoperatively include gastric motility, gastric volume, pH, surface area, bile secretions, carrier proteins, and first-pass metabolism. For drugs with a narrow therapeutic index, other factors need to be monitored closely, including plasma drug levels, patients’ clinical outcomes, and laboratory markers. Patients should be followed up frequently and treated in accordance with their response to the drug therapy.

Summary
Bariatric surgery may affect the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, due to the resultant anatomical changes and the substantial weight loss. Therefore, there is a need to identify those potential changes and adjust patients’ medication doses in order to achieve higher efficacy and avoid toxicity.
Multidimension: a dimensionality extension of simple games
Authors: Molinero Xavier , Riquelme Fabián , Roura Salvador , Serna Maria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn voting theory and social choice theory, decision systems can be represented as simple games, i.e., cooperative games defined through their players or voters and their set of winning coalitions. The weighted voting games form a well-known strict subclass of simple games, where each player has a voting weight so that a coalition wins if the sum of weights of their members exceeds a given quota. Since the number of winning coalitions can be exponential in the number of players, simple games can be represented much more compactly as intersections or unions of weighted voting games. A simple game’s dimension (codimension) is the minimum number of weighted voting games such that their intersection (union) is the given game. It is known there are voting systems with a high (co)dimension. This work introduces the multidimension as the minimum size of an expression with intersections and unions on weighted voting games necessary to obtain the considered simple game. We generalize this notion to subclasses of weighted voting games and analyze the generative properties of these subclasses. We also characterize the simple games with finite generalized multidimension over the set of weighted voting games without dummy players. We provide a comprehensive classification for simple games up to a certain number of players. These results complement similar classification results for generalized (co)dimensions. Our results show how generalized multidimension allows representing more simple games and more compactly, even for a small number of players and for subclasses.
Fabrication of flat stainless steel substrates with improved oxidation behavior for metal-supported solid oxide cells using aqueous tape casting
Authors: Yan Yifei , Kesler Olivera 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn aqueous tape casting procedure was developed and optimized to fabricate thick, flat tapes for use as porous stainless-steel substrates for metal-supported solid oxide cells (MS-SOCs). Curling tape is one of the main challenges when using aqueous based slurry formation. This work demonstrated that the sedimentation problem can be solved by increasing solid loading rather than adding excessive binder to raise viscosity. The effect of various casting surfaces on tape curling was also investigated. Materials that allow easy tape release resulted in flatter tapes once the water was evaporated. In addition, substrate oxidation resistance at high temperature was evaluated with respect to starting powder size, sintering extent, and pore former types. High sintering extent that removes or encloses the porosity between steel particles while retaining porosity left by pore formers can effectively prevent breakaway oxidation due to local chromium depletion. Carbon residue in the steel substrates from the slurry organic content can be decreased when formulating the slurry to prevent Cr-rich phase formation in the steel, which severely compromises the substrate oxidation resistance and ductility. By dwelling the substrate in high purity hydrogen, the sensitization can be reversed, but more detailed investigation of the reaction dynamics is needed. By combining the strategies described, this work produced crack-free, flat, 400–500 μm thick stainless steel substrates with 28.7 vol% porosity and improved oxidation resistance compared to previous substrates fabricated by dry pressing of fine powders.
A detection-regression based framework for fish keypoints detection
Authors: Dong Junyu , Shangguan Xinyu , Zhou Kaiming , Gan Yanhai , Fan Hao , Chen Long 
Published: October 2023

AbstractApplying computer vision technology in aquaculture can improve the efficiency of fish detection and health monitoring as well as optimize aquaculture management and profit. Keypoints on fish bodies are important biological indicators that can be used to calculate the individual size, mass, and behavior. However, only a few relevant studies have been conducted in this regard, and they mainly focus on detecting keypoints for stereo matching. Traditional keypoint detection methods exhibit low efficiency, poor accuracy, and weak robustness in underwater environments. Accordingly, this study proposes a new method based on object detection and point regression models to locate fish keypoints. First, individual fish are detected by employing a commonly used object detection model, YOLOv5. The detection accuracy is further improved by enhancing the network neck. In the second stage, a deep learning model for locating fish keypoints is constructed by implementing weight allocation and distribution-aware strategy in the matched left and right bounding boxes to improve on the previous work of Lite-HRNet, which was originally designed for capturing human body keypoints. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect individual underwater fish and accurately estimate the keypoints. The source code and the labeled datasets for fish detection and keypoint location are provided. The code is available at https://github.com/oucvisionlabsanya/fish_keypoint_detection.git.
An improved crack tip location algorithm using the principles of thermoelastic stress analysis
Authors: Button L. , Codrington J. , Brooks C. , Rajic N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA novel method of determining the crack tip location from a thermoelastic quadrature signal is presented. The method is utilised for crack tip locations within complex stress fields, namely within fastened aircraft lap joints. Coupled structural-thermal finite element modelling was undertaken to investigate the thermal response field around the crack tip location and develop the algorithmic principles. Experimental validation of the crack tip location was conducted using established crack mouth compliance techniques and optical measurements. The crack tip finding algorithm used the location of the maximum spatial gradient of the thermal field in the direction of crack growth. The method showed good accuracy when compared to traditional methods. Resultant crack growth rates were further verified using quantitative fractography.
Fixed-time control for free-floating space manipulators with prescribed constraints and input saturation
Authors: Yan Y.X. , Cui H.T. , Han P. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the issue of tracking control for a free-floating space manipulator with prescribed performance constraints, considering the inertia uncertainties, internal disturbances and input saturation. An inherently continuous adaptive controller is proposed by incorporating non-singular fixed-time sliding mode control, prescribed performance control (PPC), and auxiliary compensation. First, a modified non-singular fast fixed-time terminal sliding surface is constructed, which has a shorten convergence time than the conventional fixed-time sliding surface. Unlike the existing complicated PPCs, a simple structure controller is developed to satisfy prescribed performance constraints through a unique tangent-type PPC technique. The input saturation is then compensated adaptively by an auxiliary mechanism. The Lyapunov theory thoroughly validates the stability and fixed-time convergence of the closed-loop tracking system. With the suggested control scheme, the system states can converge quickly to a small neighbourhood around the origin within a preassigned time, while the position tracking error can be confined within a prescribed performance bounds even in the presence of input saturation. Compared to the existing tracking methods, the suggested control approach has the advantages of faster transient convergence, higher steady-state tracking precision, and stronger robustness. Simulation comparisons demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed controller.