bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐Length Engineering of (K, Na)NbO3 Films for Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Acoustic Sensors with High Sensitivity
Authors: Liu Yi‐Xuan , Zhou Jinling , Jiang Yuqi , Li Chen‐Bo‐Wen , Li Chao , Lu Jing‐Tong , Xu Ze , Yao Fang‐Zhou , Nan Hu , Wang Dawei , Xu Liqiang , Wang Yicheng , Du Yijia , Nie Jingkai , Zhu Zhixiang , Gong Wen , Han Bing , Wang Ke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith increasing concerns about noise pollution, the pursuit of highly dependable piezoelectric acoustic sensors for real‐time noise monitoring has come to the forefront of scientific research. Lead‐based perovskite piezoelectric films, exemplified by lead zirconate titanate Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), surpass traditional piezoelectric materials such as ZnO and AlN in their piezoelectric properties, promising substantial advancements in next‐generation acoustic sensor technologies. However, the toxic nature of lead in PZT materials poses formidable environmental and human health risks. In an unprecedented breakthrough, it presents the pioneering development of an environmentally benign lead‐free piezoelectric Micro‐Electro‐Mechanical System (MEMS) acoustic sensor based on potassium sodium niobate (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN) film. High‐quality <001> textured 3 µm‐thick KNN film is successfully integrated into commercially used Si substrate, rendering exceptional piezoelectricity (transverse piezoelectric coefficients e31* of ≈8.5 C m−2) with satisfactory thermal stability. The atomic‐scale Z‐contrast imaging and piezoresponse force microscopy characterizations reveal that the outstanding piezoresponse originates from the local coexistence of multiple phases and the enhancement of extrinsic piezoelectric contributions from in‐plane polarization anisotropy. Finite element simulation is employed to design the triangular cantilever structure and annular diaphragm structure, each corresponding to different operating bandwidths. The resultant MEMS acoustic sensors stand out with outstanding acoustic performance (the high sensitivity and expansive receiving field of view), which are attributed to the microstructural engineering at multi‐length scales for the excellent piezoelectric properties of KNN film. These features enable sensitive acoustic monitoring in various environments, including large‐scale power grids and urban traffic.
Accelerated Confined Mass Transfer of MoS2 1D Nanotube in Photo‐Assisted Metal–Air Batteries
Authors: Liang Shuang , Zheng Li‐Jun , Song Li‐Na , Wang Xiao‐Xue , Tu Wen‐Bin , Xu Ji‐Jing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractApplying solar energy into energy storage battery systems is challenging in achieving green and sustainable development, however, the efficient progress of photo‐assisted metal–air batteries is restricted by the rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes upon the photocathode. Herein, a 1D‐ordered MoS2 nanotube (MoS2‐ONT) with confined mass transfer can be used to extend the lifetime of photogenerated carriers, which is capable of overcoming the challenge of rapid recombination of electron and holes. The tubular confined space cannot only promote the orderly separation and migration of charge carriers but also realize the accumulation of charge and the rapid activation of oxygen molecules. The concave surface of MoS2‐ONT can improve the carrier separation ability and prolong the carrier lifetime. Meanwhile, the ordered tubular confined space can effectively realize the rapid transfer of charge, ion, and oxygen. Under light irradiation, a fast oxygen reduction reaction kinetics of 70 mW cm−2 for photo‐assisted Zn–air battery is achieved, which is the highest value reported for photo‐assisted Zn–air batteries. Significantly, the photo‐assisted Li–O2 battery based on MoS2‐ONT also shows superior rate capability and other exciting battery performance. This work shows the universality of the confined carrier separation strategy in photo‐assisted metal–air batteries.
Time‐Sequential and Multi‐Functional 3D Printed MgO2/PLGA Scaffold Developed as a Novel Biodegradable and Bioactive Bone Substitute for Challenging Postsurgical Osteosarcoma Treatment
Authors: Li Cairong , Zhang Wei , Nie Yangyi , Du Xiangfu , Huang Cuishan , Li Long , Long Jing , Wang Xinluan , Tong Wenxue , Qin Ling , Lai Yuxiao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most commonly occurring primary bone malignant tumor. The clinical postsurgical OS treatment faces big challenges for the staged therapeutic requirements of early anti‐tumor, anti‐bacterial, and long‐lasting osteogenesis. Herein, multi‐functional bioactive scaffolds with time‐sequential functions of preventing tumor recurrence, inhibiting bacterial infection, and promoting bone defect repair are designed as a novel strategy. Nanocomposite scaffold magnesium peroxide (MgO2)/poly (lactide‐co‐glycolide) is prepared by low‐temperature 3D printing for controllable releasing magnesium ions (Mg2+) and reactive oxygen species in a time‐sequential manner. The scaffold with 20 wt% MgO2 (20MP) is verified with desired mechanical properties, as well as exhibits staged release behavior of bioactive elements with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) release for the first 3 weeks, and long‐lasting Mg2+ release for 12 weeks. The released H2O2 initiates chemodynamic therapy to induce apoptosis and ferroptosis in tumor cells, along with activating the anticancer immune microenvironment by M1 polarization of macrophages. The released Mg2+ subsequently enhances bone repair by activating the Wnt3a/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and create osteopromotive immune microenvironment by M2 polarization of macrophages. In conclusion, the multi‐functional 20MP scaffold demonstrates time‐sequential therapeutic properties as an innovative strategy for OS‐associated bone defect treatment.
Tailoring Graphite into Subnanometer Graphene
Authors: Chen Zhexue , Zhang Yutong , Zhao Ce , Xia Yuexing , Li Zhangqiang , Zhou Xuanping , Xiao Liuyang , Liu Xinfeng , Zhang Yong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWithin the intersection of materials science and nanoscience/technology, extremely downsized (including quantum‐sized and subnanometer‐sized) materials attract increasing interest. However, the effective and controllable production of extremely downsized materials through physical strategies remains a great challenge. Herein, an all‐physical top–down method for the production of sub‐1 nm graphene with completely broken lattice is reported. The graphene subnanometer materials (GSNs) with monolayer structures and lateral sizes of ≈0.5 nm are obtained. Compared with their bulk, nanosheets, and quantum sheets, the intrinsic GSNs present extremely enhanced photoluminescence and nonlinear saturation absorption performances, as well as unique carrier behavior. The non‐equilibrium states induced by the entirely exposed and broken, intrinsic lattices in sub‐1 nm graphene can be determinative to their extreme performances. This work shows the great potential of broken lattice and provides new insights toward subnanometer materials.
A High‐Entropy Layered Perovskite Coated with In Situ Exsolved Core‐Shell CuFe@FeOx Nanoparticles for Efficient CO2 Electrolysis
Authors: Wang Ziming , Tan Ting , Du Ke , Zhang Qimeng , Liu Meilin , Yang Chenghao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSolid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) are promising energy conversion devices capable of efficiently transforming CO2 into CO, reducing CO2 emissions, and alleviating the greenhouse effect. However, the development of a suitable cathode material remains a critical challenge. Here a new SOEC cathode is reported for CO2 electrolysis consisting of high‐entropy Pr0.8Sr1.2(CuFe)0.4Mo0.2Mn0.2Nb0.2O4‐δ (HE‐PSCFMMN) layered perovskite uniformly coated with in situ exsolved core‐shell structured CuFe alloy@FeOx (CFA@FeO) nanoparticles. Single cells with the HE‐PSCFMMN‐CFA@FeO cathode exhibit a consistently high current density of 1.95 A cm−2 for CO2 reduction at 1.5 V while maintaining excellent stability for up to 200 h under 0.75 A cm−2 at 800 °C in pure CO2. In situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the exsolution of CFA@FeO nanoparticles introduces additional oxygen vacancies within HE‐PSCFMMN substrate, acting as active reaction sites. More importantly, the abundant oxygen vacancies in FeOx shell, in contrast to conventional in situ exsolved nanoparticles, enable the extension of the triple‐phase boundary (TPB), thereby enhancing the kinetics of CO2 adsorption, dissociation, and reduction.
Unraveling the Performance of All‐Inorganic Lead‐Free CsSnI3‐Based Perovskite Photovoltaic with Graphene Oxide Hole Transport Layer
Authors: Widianto Eri , Driyo Cipto , Sudarsono Sudarsono , Shobih Shobih , Nursam Natalita Maulani , Hanna Muhammad Yusrul , Absor Moh. Adhib Ulil , Triyana Kuwat , Santoso Iman 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAddressing the imperative need to eliminate hazardous lead from the widely used metal halide perovskite photovoltaics (PPVs), the search for efficient and stable lead‐free perovskite alternatives remains pivotal. Herein, a performance analysis of lead‐free, all‐inorganic cesium tin triiodide (CsSnI3)‐based PPVs with a graphene oxide hole transporting layer using solar cell capacitance simulator is presented. Various parameters to optimize the PPV performance, including CsSnI3layer thickness, defect density, interface defect, parasitic resistances, and working temperature are explored. The optimization process yielded remarkable results, with open‐circuit voltage of 0.87 V, short‐circuit current density of 32.55 mA cm−2, fill factor of 77.59%, and power conversion efficiency of 22.15%. The proposed device structure and parameters not only contribute to the advancement of these experimental works but also offer a novel strategy for the structural optimization of lead‐free PPVs, thereby paving new avenues for future research in this area.
Stanniocalcin‐1 Promotes PARP1‐Dependent Cell Death via JNK Activation in Colitis
Authors: Zhu Liguo , Xie Zhuo , Yang Guang , Zhou Gaoshi , Li Li , Zhang Shenghong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStanniocalcin‐1 (STC1) is upregulated by inflammation and modulates oxidative stress‐induced cell death. Herein, the function of STC1 in colitis and stress‐induced parthanatos, a newly identified type of programmed necrotic cell death dependent on the activation of poly‐ADP ribose polymerase‐1 (PARP1) is investigated. Results show that STC1 expression is markedly increased in the inflamed colonic mucosa of Crohn's disease (CD) patients and chemically‐induced mice colitis models. Evaluation of parthanatos severity and pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression shows that intestinal‐specific Stc1 knockout (Stc1INT‐KO) mice are resistant to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis and exhibit lower disease severity. STC1‐overexpressing cells show an increased degree of parthanatos and proinflammatory cytokine expression, whereas STC1‐knockout cells show a decreased degree of parthanatos. Co‐immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and proteomic analyses indicate that STC1 interacts with PARP1, which activates the JNK pathway via PARP1–JNK interactions. Moreover, inhibition of PARP1 and JNK alleviates parthanatos and inflammatory injuries triggered by STC1 overexpression. Finally, following restoration of Stc1 and Parp1 expression by adeno‐associated viruses, and overexpression of Stc1 and Parp1 aggravated DSS‐induced colitis in Stc1INT‐KO mice. In conclusion, STC1 mediates oxidative stress‐associated parthanatos and aggravates inflammation via the STC1–PARP1–JNK interactions and subsequent JNK pathway activation in CD pathogenesis.
Dirhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Difluoromethylated Cyclopropanes via Enyne Cycloisomerization
Authors: Wang Chuntao , Zhu Dong , Wu Rui , Zhu Shifa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract(Difluoromethylated cyclopropane represents an important motif, which is widely found in bioactive and functional molecules. Despite significant progress in modern chemistry, the atom‐economic and enantioselective synthesis of difluoromethylated cyclopropanes is still challenging. Herein, an Rh2(II)‐catalyzed asymmetric enyne cycloisomerization is described to construct chiral difluoromethylated cyclopropane derivatives with up to 99% yield and 99% ee in low catalyst loading (0.2 mol%), which can be easily transformed into highly functionalized difluoromethylated cyclopropanes with vicinal all‐carbon quaternary stereocenters by ozonolysis. Mechanistic studies and the crystal structures of alkyne‐dirhodium complexes reveal that the cooperative weak hydrogen bondings between the substrates and the dirhodium catalyst may play key roles in this reaction.)
The IL‐31/CysLT2R axis is associated with itching in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Du Kun , Zhang Min , Yao Shuang , Luo Tao , Yu Hongmeng , Lou Hongfei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundItching is a troublesome symptom that disturbs patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). The molecular mechanisms underlying itching in AR need to be further illuminated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of epithelial cell‐derived interleukin‐31 (IL‐31) in nasal itching in AR.MethodsA total of 33 patients and 20 healthy control subjects were enrolled in this prospective study. The disease severity of patients with AR was assessed by the total visual analog scale score. The levels of IL‐31, cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1R), and CysLT2R in the nasal brush specimens from the enrolled subjects were measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) and immunohistochemical staining. The expression of CysLT2R in a human nasal epithelial cell line (HNEpC) was assessed by immunofluorescence staining.ResultsCompared with the control subjects, the protein and mRNA levels of IL‐31 and CysLT2R were significantly increased in patients with AR. Higher levels of IL‐31 and CysLT2R in nasal epithelial cells were associated with itching but not nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, or sneezing in AR. A significant relationship was found between IL‐31 and CysLT2R in nasal epithelial cells, with a correlation coefficient of 0.93. Furthermore, RT–PCR and immunofluorescence staining revealed that IL‐31 directly induced CysLT2R expression in HNEpCs. Nasal steroid treatment inhibited IL‐31 and CysLT2R expression in 13 patients with AR in vivo.ConclusionsNasal epithelial cell‐derived IL‐31 might be associated with itching symptoms via CysLT2R in AR.
Clinically apparent Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease: A population‐based nested case‐control study
Authors: Douros Antonios , Ante Zharmaine , Fallone Carlo A. , Azoulay Laurent , Renoux Christel , Suissa Samy , Brassard Paul 
Published: December 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONOur population‐based study assessed whether clinically apparent Helicobacter pylori infection (CAHPI) is associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODSWe assembled a population‐based cohort of all dementia‐free subjects in the United Kingdom's Clinical Practice Research Datalink (UK CPRD), aged ≥50 years (1988–2017). Using a nested case‐control approach, we matched each newly developed case of AD with 40 controls. Conditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of AD associated with CAHPI compared with no CAHPI during ≥2 years before the index date. We also used salmonellosis as a negative control exposure.RESULTSAmong 4,262,092 dementia‐free subjects, 40,455 developed AD after a mean 11 years of follow‐up. CAHPI was associated with an increased risk of AD (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01–1.21) compared with no CAHPI. Salmonellosis was not associated with the risk of AD (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.82–1.29).DISCUSSIONCAHPI was associated with a moderately increased risk of AD.Highlights
CAHPI was associated with an 11% increased risk of AD in subjects aged ≥50 years.
The increase in the risk of AD reached a peak of 24% a decade after CAHPI onset.
There was no major effect modification by age or sex.
Sensitivity analyses addressing several potential biases led to consistent results.
Identifying subgroup characteristics of adult ambulance users with nonurgent medical conditions in Japan: A population‐based observational study
Authors: Ueno Keiko , Teramoto Chie , Sawatari Hiroyuki , Tanabe Kazuaki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimIn Japan, approximately 60% of adult ambulance users are diagnosed with minor injuries or diseases in the emergency department and thus do not require hospitalization. This study aimed to determine the distinct subgroup (segment) characteristics of adult ambulance users with nonurgent medical conditions by interpreting quantitatively derived segments through the segmentation approach.MethodsThis population‐based observational study used the ambulance transportation and request call records databases of the Higashihiroshima Fire Department, Japan, between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020. The participants were ambulance users aged 18–64 years diagnosed with minor injuries or diseases in the emergency department (defined as adult ambulance users with nonurgent medical conditions). A soft clustering method was used to divide the participants based on 13 variables.ResultsThis analysis included 5,982 adult ambulance users. Six segments were obtained: (1) “users with neurological diseases or other injuries occurring late at night on weekdays”; (2) “users injured or involved in fire accidents, with increased on‐scene time and multiple hospital inquiries”; (3) “users transferred between hospitals”; (4) “users with acute illnesses and transported from home”; (5) “users involved in motor vehicle accidents”; and (6) “users transferred to hospitals outside of the area during the daytime on weekdays.”ConclusionThese findings indicate that adult ambulance users with nonurgent medical conditions can be divided into distinct segments using population‐based ambulance records. Further research is warranted to address the ambulance user needs of each segment.
Universal Highly Effective Entanglement Purification with Single‐Copy Hyperentangled State
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Qi Ji , Yang Zhe , Yuan Rui‐Yang , Ren Bao‐Cang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEntanglement purification is a powerful way to protect the quality of entangled system from channel noise and environment noise. A universal highly effective entanglement purification protocol with single‐copy hyperentangled state (H‐UHEPP) is proposed for distillable mixed entangled states with bilateral controlled‐not gate operations, bilateral asymmetrical rotation operations and single photon Bell‐state measurements, where all of these operations and measurements are easy to implement in polarization, spatial and time‐bin degrees of freedom (DOFs) of photon system. This H‐UHEPP, which requires only one pair of hyperentangled photons and simple unitary operations on three DOFs of a photon, can significantly enhance the fidelity of the purified state compared with the previous works. As a consequence, H‐UHEPP can speed up the entanglement purification process and reduce the resource consumption, which makes it useful in future quantum information processing.
An N‐Heterocyclic Quinodimethane: A Strong Organic Lewis Base Exhibiting Diradical Reactivity
Authors: Ariai Jama , Ziegler Maya , Würtele Christian , Gellrich Urs 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report the preparation of a new organic σ‐donor with a C6H4‐linker between an N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and an exocyclic methylidene group, which we term N‐heterocyclic quinodimethane (NHQ). The aromatization of the C6H4‐linker provides a decisive driving force for the reaction of the NHQ with an electrophile and renders the NHQ significantly more basic than analogous NHCs or N‐heterocyclic olefins (NHOs), as shown by DFT computations and competition experiments. In solution, the NHQ undergoes an unprecedented dehydrogenative head‐to‐head dimerization by C−C coupling of the methylidene groups. DFT computations indicate that this reaction proceeds via an open‐shell singlet pathway revealing the diradical character of the NHQ. The product of this dimerization can be described as conjugated N‐heterocyclic bis‐quinodimethane, which according to cyclic voltammetry is a strong organic reducing agent (E1/2=−1.71 V vs. Fc/Fc+) and exhibits a remarkable small singlet–triplet gap of ΔES→T=4.4 kcal mol−1.
Characterization of inajá (Maximiliana maripa) pulp oil obtained by enzymatic extraction
Authors: da Silva Jézica Priscila Pereira , da Cruz Rodrigues Antonio Manoel , da Silva Luiza Helena Meller 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwo methods for extraction of oil from inajá pulp were studied; an enzymatic extraction, which was evaluated using the central composite rotational design (CCRD) combined with the response surface methodology (RSM), and the conventional solvent extraction. The enzymatic extraction method had no significant effect (p > 0.05%) on the fatty acid profile of inajá oil, which was 45.7% monounsaturated, 10.8% polyunsaturated, and 43.6% saturated. Oleic, palmitic, linoleic, and myristic acids were the predominant fatty acids. The enzymatic extraction method interfered with the total phenolic compounds, which were lower (p < 0.05%) than the total phenolic compounds obtained in the inajá pulp oil extracted by solvent. On the other hand, the carotenoid content was higher in the inajá pulp oil obtained by the enzymatic extraction (p < 0.05%). The enzymatic extraction showed an efficiency equivalent to that of the solvent extraction, and resulted in an oil that contains superior nutritional properties. Green technologies, such as enzymatic extraction for the production of vegetable oils, can be used to replace conventional methods that use solvent, thereby reducing environmental impact and the operating cost of the process itself. In the enzymatic extraction, the oil is obtained without the need for a solvent separation step. Moreover, this method of extraction produces an aqueous fraction and a solid residue (defatted pulp), both of which can be used as by‐products with potential for application in the food industry and, therefore, generate greater added value.
3D printing dielectric elastomers for advanced functional structures: A mini‐review
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wen Haiying , Zhu Jianxiong , Xia Zhijie , Zhang Zhisheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) printed bionic products play an important role in intelligent robotics, microelectronics, and polymers. The printing and manufacturing process of 3D printers is conducive to obtaining soft structures that meet specific requirements, and saves time and cost. Soft intelligent robotics, an emerging research field, has always been developed based on soft materials and actuators with their biological properties. This article reviews the current understanding of 3D bioprinting technologies for dielectric elastomers (DEs), DE actuators (DEAs) and soft robots, such as inkjet, extrusion, laser‐induced and stereolithography bioprinting. 3D printers for fabricating soft materials are presented and classified. The approaches to exploit 3D bioprinters for DEs/DEAs are as follows: (1) 3D printing DEAs utilize ionic hydrogel–elastomer hybrids that are analogous to human muscles, and the DEAs usually have flexible structures and large deformations with multiple functionalities. (2) An electrohydrodynamic (EHD) 3D printer confers high printing resolution and high production efficiency, which offers advantages such as full automation and flexible design. The optimal printing conditions are mainly determined by the effects of printing voltages and ink properties, which are related to the formation of the liquid cone and the printed line width. Furthermore, the advantages of 3D bioprinting technologies have accelerated their development and applications.