bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في ضوء بعض القواعد الكلية الأصولية دراسة تأصيلية
Authors: عقيل أحلام محمد محسن 
Published: December 2023

تتمحور هذه الدراسة حول دواعي استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في الجوانب الشرعية، الفقهية، والقضائية، والعلمية، وغيرها، ومدى توافق هذا الاستخدام مع هذه الجوانب، من منظور القواعد الفقهية الأصولية، الكلية، وذلك أنه قد انتشر استعماله في بعض الجوانب الشرعية، كالقضاء، وغيره، ولو بصورة جزئية، إلا أن الواقع سيستلزم دمج هذه التقنية في كثير من جوانب الحياة الإسلامية، مما يعني بالضرورة وجوب التعامل مع هذه المسألة والتأصيل لها. وباستعمال المنهج الوصفي والاستنباطي خلصت الدراسة إلى أن هناك ترابط وثيق بين الحاجة لاستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي، وبين مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية، من جهتين، الأولى: موافقته لمقاصد التيسير وجلب المصالح، والثانية: درء المفاسد التي قد تترتب على استخدامه، وبعض القواعد الأصولية تستوعب استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في المجالات الشرعية، كقاعدة: (المشقة تجلب التيسير، والضرر يزال، والضرورات تبيح المحظورات). إلا أنه لابد من مزيد من التأصيل والدراسة لجوانب عديدة يستخدم فيها الذكاء الاصطناعي بشكل كبير، من خلال إجراء دراسة تفصيلية لاستخدامه في المجالات الشرعية وفق قاعدة درء المفاسد أولى من جلب المصالح، ودراسة صور استخدامه في مجالات الحياة الاجتماعية، وبيان موقف الشرع منها، هذه الاستخدامات، كتغيير الصور ومقاطع الصوت والفيديو، والدراسات والبحوث العلمية، وغيرها.
GESTÃO E UTILIZAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS DECORRENTES DE PENAS PECUNIÁRIAS
Authors: Alcântara Kerley Regina Ferreira de Arruda , Santos Ana Paula Baldez 
Published: December 2023

O Presente artigo relata a experiência de gestão e qualidade em serviços públicos realizado na Vara de Execução de Penas e Medidas Alternativas, do Tribunal de Justiça de Rondônia, a partir da utilização de recursos das penas pecuniárias. A utilização dos recursos das penas pecuniárias tem contribuído com relevantes projetos sociais no município de Porto Velho, com isso o processo contábil de prestação de contas repassado aos órgãos de controle interno e externo requer um fluxograma de trabalho minucioso, pautado em ferramentas administrativas que propiciem transparência na gestão de recursos públicos. A finalidade do estudo foi demonstrar e identificar como a VEPEMA Porto Velho vem montando seu trabalho de aplicação de recursos advindos das penas pecuniárias até chegar ao cliente final, a comunidade local, com transparência e responsabilidade. A metodologia utilizada foi o levantamento bibliográfico sobre o tema e o levantamento documental acerca das ações desenvolvidas, tendo por base a Resolução CNJ/nº154/2012 e a Portaria 07/2017/CGJ. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que, o processo de uniformização dos procedimentos adotados pela VEPEMA Porto Velho na utilização dos recursos provenientes das penas pecuniárias, apesar de estarem em construção, já conseguiu indicar benefícios significativos e podem servir de modelo de gestão para outras comarcas.
Evaluasi Penerapan Testing, Tracking, Treatment (3T): Studi Kualitatif
Authors: Manasai Hartini 
Published: December 2023

Latar belakang: Melonjaknya covid-19 di indonesia sehingga Kementrian Kesehatan RI menerapkan 3 T (Testing, Tracking, Treatment) yang merupakan bagian dari penanganan covid-19 tetapi di sulawesi tengah khususnya kota palu.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui evaluasi pencegahan covid-19 dengan menerapkan Testing, Tracking, Treatment (3T) di UPTD Puskesmas Talise.
Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, yaitu pengamatan, wawancara mendalam (depthinterview) dan dokumentasi. Informan yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah 1 Kasubag Survailens Puskesmas Talise, 1 Kepala Puskesmas Talise, dan 1 Kasubag Survailens Dinas Kesehatan Kota Palu.
Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Input dalam penelitian ini meliputi; SDM, Sumber Pendanaan, Sarana/Prasarana dan Dasar Hukum di UPTD Puskesmas Talise sudah cukup baik dan sudah sesuai target yang diberikan walaupun masih terdapat beberapa kendala yang dihadapi dalam melaksanakan pencaian proses input ini. Proses dalam penelitian ini yaitu urutan penerapan 3T di UPTD Puskesmas Talise dalam hal ini yaitu penerapan 3T diseluruh wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Talise sudah cukup baik walaupun ada beberapa kendala atau faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaannya. Output dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil yang dicapai dalam penanganan covid-19 dengan menerapkan 3T, yang menjadi indikator dari capaian 3T ini yaitu berhasil atau tidaknya menekan angka penyebaran covid-19.
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan 3T di UPTD Puskesmas Talise dalam hal ini yaitu penerapan 3T diseluruh wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Talise sudah cukup baik walaupun ada beberapa kendala atau faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaannya.
Pembuatan Serbuk Minuman Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) Dengan Penambahan Serbuk Kulit Kayu Manis
Authors: . Rahmayulis , Mulyani Dwi 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK
Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki nilai jual sangat tinggi di Indonesia. Kopi mengandung kafein yang bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kewaspadaan dan mood serta menghilangkan kantuk. Selain kopi, salah satu rempah yang banyak dihasilkan di Indonesia adalah kulit kayu manis (Cinnamomun burmani). Kulit kayu manis (Cinnamomun burmanii) telah beberapa kali diteliti dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah, total kolesterol, kadar trigliserida dan dapat meningkatkan kadar HDL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh formula terbaik dari serbuk minuman kopi dengan variasi penambahan serbuk kulit kayu manis dan masing-masing formula juga ditambahkan gula untuk penghilang rasa pahit. Serbuk minuman kopi arabika dibuat sebanyak 3 formulasi, yaitu serbuk kopi untuk masing-masing formula sebanyak 7 gram dan gula masing-masing formula sebanyak 14 gram, sedangkan serbuk kulit kayu manis yang ditambahkan untuk masing-masing formula bervariasi, yaitu : formula 1 sebanyak 1 gram; formula 2 sebanyak 3 gram dan formula 3 sebanyak 5 gram. Dari formula yang didapat selanjutnya dilakukan uji hedonik dengan melibatkan beberapa panelis. Parameter yang digunakan untuk uji hedonik adalah rasa, aroma, kekentalan, dan warna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula 2 sebagai formula terbaik paling disukai dari segi warna, rasa, dan aroma dengan komposisi serbuk kopi arabika 7 gram, serbuk kulit kayu manis 3 gram, dan gula 14 gram, sedangkan formula 1 paling disukai dari segi kekentalan dengan komposisi serbuk kopi arabika 7 gram, serbuk kulit kayu manis 1 gram, dan gula 14 gram.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN TORBANGUN (Plectranthus amboinicus) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Hilmarni Hilmarni 
Published: December 2023

Minyak atsiri daun torbangun merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki manfaat sebagai tanaman obat, bahan pangan dan sayuran dan memiliki kandungan senyawa yang memiliki potensi sebagi antibakteri, antijamur, antikanker, antioksidan, antimikroba dan antifungi. Uji daya hambat minyak atsiri daun torbangun dilakukan untuk melihat kemampuan uji daya hambat minyak atsiri daun torbangun terhadap bakteri Propionibacterim acnes. Pengujian daya hambat terhadap bakteri dilakukan dengan metoda cakram kertas. DMSO sebagai kontrol negatif, klindamisin 0,1% sebagai konsentrasi positif dan konsentrasi minyak atsiri daun torbangun yang digunakan 2%, 4%, 6% dan 8%. Hasil pengamatan uji aktivitas antibakteri daun torbangun diperoleh adanya daya hambat yang ditandai dengan adanya daerah bening pada sekitar cakram, pada masing-masing konsentrasi rata-rata 16,87mm, 22,77mm, 26,78mm dan 30,14mm. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan minyak atsiri daun torbangun memiliki daya hambat terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.
La Mutuelle des municipalités du Québec - une réponse au déséquilibre
Authors: Deschamps Bernard 
Published: December 2023

À l’automne 2002, la grogne régnait dans le monde municipal. Victimes depuis
quelques années de la hausse des primes, aussi subite que vertigineuse, les municipalités
décidaient de se prendre en main et de se doter d’une vision à long terme de
la gestion du risque municipal. Le quasi-monopole de l’assurance générale au Québec
aura eu pour conséquence d’indisposer la clientèle municipale, qui s’est sentie prise
au piège, au point de favoriser l’éclosion d’un nouveau modèle d’affaires.
C’est ainsi que, sous le parrainage de la Fédération Québécoise des Municipalités,
Groupe Ultima inc., un important réseau de courtiers d’assurance, entreprend tous
les travaux nécessaires à la création et à la gestion d’une compagnie d’assurance
mutuelle exclusive aux municipalités. La Mutuelle des municipalités du Québec,
que nous vous présentons dans cet article, voit le jour en novembre 2003.
Ce projet, étalé sur plus de 18 mois, a nécessité de nombreuses démarches : les travaux
d’analyse de viabilité financière, la rédaction d’un plan d’affaires détaillé et
des projections financières sur 5 ans, la présentation du projet aux différents intervenants
dont le ministère des Affaires municipales, du Sport et du Loisir, l’Autorité
des marchés financiers et bien sur les municipalités, la négociation et le montage de
la structure financière ainsi que le recrutement des municipalités-membres, en raison
du caractère volontaire de leur adhésion.
Diverses alternatives pour déterminer les facteurs significatifs de la fréquence d’accidents dans l’assurance automobile
Authors: del Carmen Melgar Hiraldo Maria , Ordaz Sanz José Antonio , Guerrero Casas Flor Maria 
Published: December 2023

Les accidents de circulation sont un des plus graves problèmes que l’on trouve actuellement dans les pays industrialisés. Le but de cet article est d’analyser les
éléments qui contribuent à expliquer le nombre d’accidents de ce genre. Cette question est très utile pour le secteur de l’assurance automobile.
La littérature spécialisée signale que les modèles de comptage sont les plus utilisés
dans cet important domaine de l’industrie de l’assurance. Traditionnellement, la régression de Poisson et le modèle binomial négatif ont été les méthodes employées le plus fréquemment. Cependant, les modèles à expansion de zéros
pourraient être plus appropriés pour expliquer les processus sous-jacents aux distributions d’accidents automobiles.
Dans cette étude, nous utilisons une base de données fournie par une compagnie d’assurance privée espagnole. Après avoir fait une analyse descriptive complète de ces données, nous comparerons les résultats que l’on obtient de l’application des trois types de modèles de comptage développés dans le papier. Finalement, nous discuterons des différences en soulignant les avantages généraux des modèles à expansion de zéros. Néanmoins, les résultats sont qualitativement très ressemblants, et ils suggèrent en plus l’existence de problèmes d’aléa moral et d’antisélection dans le marché de l’assurance automobile.
Lessons Learned in Dealing with Large-Scale Disasters
Authors: Hutchison Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Many OECD countries have been affected by major harmful events in recent years. The considerable human and economic costs of such events and the repercussion they might have for the global economy have become recurring causes for concern.
Given its intergovernmental and multidisciplinary nature, and its experience in risk and disaster management in a variety of fields, the OECD is well positioned to analyse the impact of major disasters on societies and economies, and to identify optimal practices in response and recovery phases. To this end, the OECD’s
International Futures Programme supervised a team of specialists from eight OECD directorates, and a team of Turkish specialists who provided the material for chapter 3. The report was prepared between May and July 2003.
This report analyses the economic and social impacts of recent large-scale disasters, and draws some initial lessons for the monitoring and the management of future disasters. The report primarily focuses on restoring trust and securing recovery after a major harmful event has occurred.
The events reviewed are as diverse as the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the Kobe and Marmara earthquakes, Hurricane Andrew, and the 11th September terrorist attacks on New York and Washington. Disasters such as these have in common massive effects on large concentrations of people, activity and wealth. They disrupt multiple vital Systems such as energy supplies, transport and communications. Their effects spread beyond the region originally affected and generate widespread anxiety. In some cases, the public expresses distrust of the ability of governments to protect citizens.
Comprendre l’appartenance et les relations : retour sur les Tables rondes des francophones et des Métis de l’Ouest canadien
Authors: Melançon Jérôme , Parker Alyssa 
Published: December 2023

Entre 2005 et 2009, l’Institut français de l’Université de Regina a organisé une série de quatre « Tables rondes des francophones et des Métis de l’Ouest canadien », qui ont rassemblé des membres des communautés francophones et métisses de la Saskatchewan. Dans cet article, nous revenons sur ce projet de rapprochement et de réconciliation afin de comprendre la manière dont les Métisses et Métis ont parlé de leur appartenance et de leur nation à leurs interlocutrices et interlocuteurs fransaskois. Nous avons remarqué qu’en dépit de plusieurs proximités, l’accent a été mis sur le besoin de tenir compte des différences entre les deux groupes. Après une description des tables rondes, nous nous tournons vers le champ des études métisses pour comprendre le contexte intellectuel dans lequel les tables rondes se sont (inconsciemment) inscrites et prennent sens aujourd’hui. La description et l’analyse qui suivent portent sur les micro-récits offerts par des participantes et des participants métis, autour de deux thèmes principaux : d’abord, la manière dont ils ont présenté l’identité et l’appartenance métisses ; ensuite, les conditions proposées pour établir de nouvelles relations avec les communautés francophones. Au terme de cet exercice, nous dégageons quelques leçons méthodologiques au moment où les communautés francophones cherchent à développer des relations de respect mutuel et à participer à la réconciliation avec les Premiers Peuples.
Correlation between long-term glycemic variability and cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study
Authors: Ding JingCheng , Shi Qian , Tao Qian , Su Hong , Du Yijun , Pan Tianrong , Zhong Xing 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To investigate the correlation between long-term glycemic variability and cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods
This retrospective analysis includes 222 patients hospitalized at Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2021 to June 2023. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). All patients were categorized into the MCI group and the non-MCI group based on their MoCA score. Long-term blood glucose fluctuations were measured using glycated hemoglobin A1c standard deviation (HbA1c-SD) and fasting plasma glucose standard deviation (FPG-SD). The study compared general clinical data, blood biochemical indicators, and glycemic variability indicators between the two groups. The differences between the groups were compared using t-test, Chi-Square Test, or Mann–Whitney U test. Kendall’s correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis and ROC curve correlation analysis were further used to analyze the correlation and diagnostic power.

Results
The differences in age, MoCA scores, MMSE scores, HOMA-β, HbA1c-M, HbA1c-SD, FPG-M, FPG-SD, eGFR, Smoking, GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i usage were statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.05). Kendall’s correlation analysis showed that age, HbA1c-M, HbA1c-SD, FPG-M, and FPG-SD was negatively correlated with MoCA scores; meanwhile, the HOMA-β, and eGFR was positively correlated with MoCA scores. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c-SD, FPG-SD and Smoking were risk factors for cognitive dysfunction, while eGFR, GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i usage was a protective effect. The area under the curve (AUC) values for predicting MCI prevalence were 0.830 (95% CI [0.774–0.877], P < 0.001) for HbA1c-SD, 0.791 (95% CI [0.655–0.808], P < 0.001) for FPG-SD, and 0.698 (95% CI [0.633–0.757], P < 0.001) for eGFR. The optimal diagnostic values were 0.91, 1.32, and 74.81 ml/min/1.73 m2 for HbA1c-SD, FPG-SD, and eGFR, respectively.

Conclusions
Cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients is influenced by long-term blood glucose variability, with poorer cognitive function observed in individuals with higher blood glucose variability. The impact of HbA1c-SD on MCI exhibited a greater magnitude compared to that of PFG-SD and smoking. Additionally, renal function, GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i usage exert positive effects on cognitive function.
Socio-economic determinants of alcohol consumption for South Africa
Authors: Rashied Naiefa 
Published: December 2023

Aims: To examine the socio-economic factors associated with alcohol consumption in South Africa.
Design: Cross-sectional study exploring the various socio-economic factors associated with alcohol consumption in South Africa.
Setting: South Africans older than 15 years across the country’s nine provinces.
Participants: Adult respondents of the drinking status and alcohol intensity questions in Wave 4 of the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) (n=28 401).
Measures: Alcohol, demographic, emotional, health and neighbourhood variables.
Findings: White and Mixed Heritage (referred to as ‘Coloured’ in South Africa) adults were more likely to consume alcohol, while Indian and White adults were less likely to binge drink relative to African adults. Males with a very good self-perceived health were less likely to binge drink while males who resided in neighbourhoods where frequent alcohol and drug abuse was common, were more likely to binge drink. Females who exercised more than three times a week were also more likely to drink and binge drink. Females with a poor self-perceived health status are less likely to binge drink. Adults who smoked were more likely to drink and binge drink relative to non-smoking adults. Accounting for binge drinkers’ household size, average monthly household spending for binge drinkers was low, suggesting that binge drinkers under-reported household alcohol spending. There was evidence of drinking and binge drinking among pregnant women.
Conclusions: With respect to binge drinking, race, gender, smoking, neighbourhood, self-perceived health, pregnancy and household alcohol spending warrant further investigation and consideration for possible future alcohol interventions in South Africa.
Evaluating Second-line ART Efficacy in Pediatric HIV1 Infections: A Study at Albert Royer Children's Hospital
Authors: Baïdy Dieye , Amadou Diop , Ahmet Niang Aïssatou , Abdoulaye Sonko Mouhamadou , Habibou Sarr , Fatoumata Diallo , Gora LO , Roughyatou KA , Halimatou Diop-Ndiaye , Coumba Toure-Kane , Fafa Cisse Moussa , Iyane Sow Ahmad , Bouh Boye Cheikh Saad , Lamine Dia Mouhamadou 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: In developing countries, around 15% of children infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) have access to early diagnosis, and 28% are eligible for antiretroviral treatment (ART). The evaluation studies carried out in Senegal have been limited to children on first-line ART. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of second-line ART.
Methodology: Data were collected at 3 different sites. This was a retrospective, longitudinal and analytical study, conducted from March 4 to August 28, 2015. The study population consisted of 65 HIV1-infected children. BD FACSCountTM Flow Cytometer for TCD4 lymphocyte counting. For genotyping, 2 sets of PCRs were required. Data were entered and analysed using Word/Excel 2013 and Epi-info7 software.
Results: We had 43 boys and 22 girls, giving a sex ratio of 1.95. The extreme ages were 5 and 15 years, and the mean age was 11.43 years. The majority belonged to stage 4 and 2 of the WHO classification. The clinical evolution was favourable in 86.15%, unfavourable in 3.07% and unspecified in 10.76%. We found 9 genotypes and recombinant forms; 80% of the strains were sequenced.
Discussion: The general aim of ART is the same as in adults. Clinical stages were not specified in 15.38% of cases. In total, 58.46% had an excellent immunovirological response. We conclude from this that a good IR doesn’t mean a good immunovirological evolution. Initiation of ART should be guided by genotyping.
Conclusion-Recommendations: ART reduced morbidity and mortality. Our study showed a virological failure rate of 21.53% and an IR rate of 86.15%.
Survey of Encroachment of the Benin-Ughelli Transmission Line Right of Way
Authors: Horsfall M. A. S. , Obafemi A. A. , Hart A. I. 
Published: December 2023

This study examined the environmental impacts of the 107 km Benin-Delta (Ughelli) 330 kV power transmission line (TL) upgrade project right of way (ROW). Encroachment was determined through ground monitoring and GIS mapping. A total of 83 communities lie within the zone of influence of the transmission line. The communities are 8 in Ethoipe West, 27 in Okpe, 21 in Sapele, 5 in Ughelli North, 1 in Udu, 3 in Uvwie and 18 in Ikpoba Okha. A survey of the communities within the sphere of influence of the TL line revealed that 56 communities had encroached into the transmission line ROW: 5 in Ethoipe West, 9 in Okpe, 15 in Sapele, 5 in Ughelli North, 1 in Udu, 3 in Uvwie and 18 in Ikpoba Okha. The encroachers need to be enlightened on the health implication of building under the TL and the socio-economic consequences that may arise as a result of forceful evacuation from the occupied land. For the upgrade of the TL, encroachers should be persuaded to vacate the route.
Intra-Regional Trade Potential: An Analysis of the Ecowas Zone
Authors: Ndao Mamadou Saidou 
Published: December 2023

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate and analyse the potential of intra-regional trade in the ECOWAS zone. Given the unavailability of data for some countries, only data from 10 countries could be collected over the period 2001-2019. The methodology we used is based essentially on the gravity model, a model whose use in international trade is widely justified with solid theoretical foundations. The method for calculating countries' trade potential is inspired by the work of Ghazi, T. and Msadfa, Y. (2016). The results obtained show that Nigeria and Côte d'Ivoire top the ranking, respectively 1st and 2nd, of countries whose trade potential is best exploited. In 2001, Ghana ranked 4th and Senegal 3rd, but in the years since, Ghana has improved its position and Senegal has regressed. Countries such as Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger saw their trade potential increase between 2001 and 2019. In contrast, countries such as Guinea and Benin regressed over this period. These results call on the authorities to encourage the relevant economic policies taken for countries that have seen an improvement in their trade potential. On the other hand, countries with slow or low levels of progress need to be supported by effective development programs to improve their position.