bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of CD34+ cell dose on the outcome of patients undergoing reduced-intensity-conditioning allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
Authors: Pérez-Simón José A. , Díez-Campelo María , Martino Rodrigo , Sureda Anna , Caballero Dolores , Cañizo Consuelo , Brunet Salut , Altes Albert , Vazquez Lourdes , Sierra Jordi , Miguel Jesús F. San 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
We analyzed the impact of CD34+ cell dose on the outcome of 86 patients undergoing reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The RIC was based on fludarabine 150 mg/m2 and melphalan 140 mg/m2 or busulphan 10 mg/kg. A median of 5.68 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg and 2.86 × 108 CD3+ cells/kg were infused. All patients receiving more than percentile 75 (p75) of CD34+ cells reached complete chimerism in T lymphocytes by days 21 to 28, compared with 44% among those receiving p75 or fewer cells (P = .046). Overall, 30.3% patients developed grade 2 to 4 acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Among 83 evaluable patients, 55.8% developed chronic GVHD (cGVHD). The dose of CD34+ cells infused did influence the development of cGVHD, with a cumulative incidence of extensive cGVHD of 74% vs 47% (P = .02) among patients receiving more than p75 CD34+ cells vs those receiving p75 or fewer. Projected overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) at 43 months were 60% and 46%, respectively. Neither the dose of CD34+ cells nor the dose of CD3+ cells infused significantly influenced OS and EFS, although among patients categorized as high-risk, 36% of those receiving p75 or fewer CD34+ cells relapsed or progressed, compared with only 9% among those receiving more than p75 CD34+ cells (P = .07). Among patients receiving p75 or fewer CD34+ cells, 36% of high-risk patients relapsed, compared with 10% of low- and intermediate-risk patients (P = .004), while relapse rates were not significantly different between both subgroups when we infused more than p75 CD34+ cells, thus indicating that infusing high doses of CD34+ cells ameliorates the negative effect of advanced disease status at transplantation. cGVHD was associated with better EFS (63% vs 16% at 43 months for patients with and without cGVHD; P &lt; .0001) and better OS (78% vs 28% for patients with and without cGHVD; P &lt; .001). The number of CD34+ cells infused should be tailored to prevent extensive cGVHD among patients categorized as low-risk, while high-risk patients, in whom the graft-versus-leukemia effect may determine disease outcome, should receive high doses of CD34+ cells.
Tolerance induction to a mammalian blood group—like carbohydrate antigen by syngeneic lymphocytes expressing the antigen, II: tolerance induction on memory B cells
Authors: Mohiuddin Muhammad M. , Ogawa Haruko , Yin Deng-Ping , Galili Uri 
Published: March 2003

AbstractInduction of immune tolerance on memory B cells specific to transplantation carbohydrate antigens was studied in the experimental animal model of α1,3galactosyltransferase knockout (KO) mice, which lack the α-gal epitope (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R) and can produce the anti-Gal antibody against it. Memory anti-Gal B cells were generated by immunization of KO mice with pig kidney membranes (ie, xenogeneic cell membranes expressing an abundance of α-gal epitopes). Lymphocytes including memory anti-Gal B cells were administered into lethally irradiated KO mice, together with syngeneic wild-type (WT) lymphocytes expressing α-gal epitopes. Memory anti-Gal B cells were completely tolerized after being in vivo for 14 days with WT lymphocytes. This was indicated by the lack of anti-Gal immunoglobulin G (IgG) response following immunization with pig kidney membranes vs the extensive anti-Gal response in mice that did not receive WT lymphocytes. Tolerance induction was prevented if T cells were activated by alloantigens. This tolerance was highly specific to anti-Gal B cells and did not affect memory B cells with closely related specificity, such as B cells with anti–blood group A specificity. Tolerance induction on anti-Gal B cells was found to be time dependent and required more than 10 days of in vivo exposure of these B cells to WT lymphocytes. These observations suggest a novel method for induction of tolerance to transplantation carbohydrate antigens in humans, by in vitro transduction of autologous blood lymphocytes with an adenovirus containing the corresponding glycosyltransferase gene and administration of the transduced cells into the circulation after removal of natural antibodies to the antigen. (Blood. 2003;102:229-236)
Effective therapy for a murine model of adult T-cell leukemia with the humanized anti-CD2 monoclonal antibody, MEDI-507
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Meili , Ravetch Jeffrey V. , Goldman Carolyn , Waldmann Thomas A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAdult T-cell leukemia (ATL) develops in a small proportion of individuals infected with the retrovirus human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1). We evaluated the efficacy of MEDI-507 (a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD2) alone and in combination with humanized anti-Tac (HAT) directed toward CD25, the interleukin-2 receptor α (IL-2Rα) using a human adult T-cell leukemia xenograft model. Weekly treatments (4) with HAT significantly prolonged the survival of the ATL-bearing mice when compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)–treated controls (P &lt; .0001). Mice treated with MEDI-507 (100 μg/wk for 4 weeks) survived longer than those treated with HAT (P &lt; .0025). Furthermore, prolonged treatment (6 months) of ATL with MEDI-507 significantly improved the outcome when compared with a short course (4 weeks) of therapy (P &lt; .0036). Such treatment with weekly MEDI-507 for 6 months led to a prolonged survival of the ATL-bearing mice that was comparable with the survival observed in the control group of mice that did not receive a tumor or therapeutic agent. We also found that the expression of Fcγ receptors (FcRγ) on polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes was required for MEDI-507–mediated tumor killing in vivo. Thus, the tumor-killing mechanism with MEDI-507 in vivo required the expression of the receptor FcRγIII on polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes, suggesting that it is mediated by a form of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. These results demonstrate that MEDI-507 has therapeutic efficacy on ATL in vivo and provides support for a clinical trial involving this monoclonal antibody in the treatment of patients with CD2-expressing leukemias and lymphomas. (Blood. 2003; 102:284-288)
Platelet-collagen interaction: is GPVI the central receptor?
Authors: Nieswandt Bernhard , Watson Steve P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAt sites of vascular injury, platelets come into contact with subendothelial collagen, which triggers their activation and the formation of a hemostatic plug. Besides glycoprotein Ib (GPIb) and αIIbβ3 integrin, which indirectly interact with collagen via von Willebrand factor (VWF), several collagen receptors have been identified on platelets, most notably α2β1 integrin and the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily member GPVI. Within the last few years, major advances have been made in understanding platelet-collagen interactions including the molecular cloning of GPVI, the generation of mouse strains lacking individual collagen receptors, and the development of collagen receptor–specific antibodies and synthetic peptides. It is now recognized that platelet adhesion to collagen requires prior activation of integrins through “inside-out” signals generated by GPVI and reinforced by released second-wave mediators adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thromboxane A2. These developments have led to revision of the original “2-site, 2-step” model, which now places GPVI in a central position in the complex processes of platelet tethering, activation, adhesion, aggregation, degranulation, and procoagulant activity on collagen. This review discusses these recent developments and proposes possible mechanisms for how GPVI acts in concert with other receptors and signaling pathways to initiate hemostasis and arterial thrombosis.
IVIg-mediated amelioration of murine ITP via FcγRIIB is independent of SHIP1, SHP-1, and Btk activity
Authors: Crow Andrew R. , Song Seng , Freedman John , Helgason Cheryl D. , Humphries R. Keith , Siminovitch Katherine A. , Lazarus Alan H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIt has been established that amelioration of murine immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) by IVIg is dependent on the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIB. Co-cross-linking of the FcγRIIB with the B-cell receptor complex or with FcϵRI in mast cells results in cell inhibition, which is mediated by recruitment of the inositol phosphatase SHIP1 to the cytoplasmic tail of the FcγR. The FcγRIIB can also associate with protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 as a potential secondary target of the receptor. Alternatively, homoaggregation of FcγRIIB can induce a proapoptotic state in B cells that is dependent on the presence of Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk), a kinase also expressed in monocytes. We sought to determine if these signaling pathways may direct IVIg-mediated FcγRIIB-dependent regulation of in vivo monocyte function in a murine model of ITP in which IVIg functions in an FcγRIIB-dependent manner. We demonstrate that mice deficient in SHIP1, SHP-1, and Btk respond to the ameliorating effects of IVIg with the same kinetics as control mice. We conclude that IVIgmediated inhibitory pathways operating via monocyte FcγRIIB may involve a transmembrane signaling pathway different from that of B cells.
Water in Supercritical CO2 Microemulsion Formation by Fluorinated Surfactants
Authors: Nagai Takabumi , Fujii Kazuhisa , Otake Katsuto , Abe Masahiko 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
We examined the ability for microemulsion formation of fluorinated surfactants containing perfluoropolyether moieties for the CO2-philic tail group and carboxylic acid ammonium or poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether for the hydrophilic groups and found that the hydrophilic CO2-philic balance of surfactants plays an important role in the formation of microemulsions.
Impact of Bempedoic Acid on Total Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Nicholls Stephen J. , Nelson Adam J. , Lincoff A. Michael , Brennan Danielle , Ray Kausik K. , Cho Leslie , Menon Venu , Li Na , Bloedon LeAnne , Nissen Steven E. 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceThe ATP citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor, bempedoic acid, reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) by 13% in patients at high cardiovascular risk with intolerance of statin and high-intensity statin medications. The effects of bempedoic acid on total cardiovascular events remain unknown.ObjectiveTo determine the impact of bempedoic acid on the total incidence of MACE.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIncluded in this prespecified analysis of the Cholesterol Lowering via Bempedoic Acid, an ACL-Inhibiting Regimen (CLEAR) Outcomes trial were patients with, or at high risk for, cardiovascular disease, with hypercholesterolemia and inability to take guideline-recommended statins. Study data were analyzed from December 2016 to November 2022.InterventionsPatients were randomly assigned to treatment with bempedoic acid or placebo daily.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was the time to first event for a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or coronary revascularization (MACE-4). The key secondary end point was time to first event for cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke (MACE-3). This prespecified analysis compared the total number of cardiovascular events in the treatment groups.ResultsA total of 13 970 patients (mean [SD] age, 65 [9] years; 7230 male [51.8%]) were included in the study. A total of 9764 participants (69.9%) had prior atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and a baseline LDL-C level of 139 mg/dL; treatment with bempedoic acid resulted in a 21% reduction in LDL-C level and a 22% reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level at 6 months. Median (IQR) follow-up was 3.4 (3.1-3.9) years. A total of 1746 positively adjudicated first MACE-4 events and 915 additional MACE events in 612 patients were recorded, with coronary revascularization representing 32.8% (573 of 1746) of first events and 69.4% (635 of 915) of additional events. For the total incidence of cardiovascular events, treatment with bempedoic acid was associated with a reduction in risk of MACE-4 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; 95% CI, 0.72-0.89; P &amp;lt;.001), MACE-3 (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73-0.93; P = .002), myocardial infarction (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.58-0.83; P &amp;lt; .001), and coronary revascularization (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68-0.89; P &amp;lt;.001), although no statistically significant difference was observed for stroke (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.63-1.03). A lower HR for protection with bempedoic acid was observed with increasing number of MACE events experienced by patients.Conclusion and RelevanceLowering LDL-C level with bempedoic acid reduced the total number of cardiovascular events in patients with high cardiovascular risk, statin therapy intolerance, and elevated LDL-C levels.
In search of the origins of crime continuity: Aggressive versus nonaggressive delinquency as a key factor in the psychological inertia process
Authors: Walters Glenn D. , Kremser Jon , Runell Lindsey 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test whether the psychological inertia process believed to give rise to crime continuity is limited to aggressive delinquency or evolves from both aggressive and nonaggressive delinquency. Self‐report data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) were analyzed in an effort to test the hypothesis that aggressive rather than nonaggressive delinquency precipitates a rise in delinquency through the intervening influence of cognitive impulsivity but not moral neutralization. The hypothesis stated that of the four models evaluated in this study (aggressive delinquency → moral neutralization → offense variety; aggressive delinquency → cognitive impulsivity → offense variety; nonaggressive delinquency → moral neutralization → offense variety; nonaggressive delinquency → cognitive impulsivity → offense variety), only the aggressive delinquency → cognitive impulsivity → offense variety model would achieve significance. Consistent with this hypothesis, only the aggressive delinquency → cognitive impulsivity → offense variety pathway was, in fact, significant. The current findings suggest that the psychological inertia process may be driven by a pattern of aggressive delinquency followed by cognitive impulsivity and that neither nonaggressive delinquency nor moral neutralization contribute to the process. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Feasibility evaluation of radiotherapy positioning system guided by augmented reality and point cloud registration
Authors: Zhai Shaozhuang , Wei Ziwen , Wu Xiaolong , Xing Ligang , Yu Jinming , Qian Junchao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop a radiotherapy positioning system based on Point Cloud Registration (PCR) and Augmented Reality (AR), and to verify its feasibility.MethodsThe optimal steps of PCR were investigated, and virtual positioning experiments were designed to evaluate its accuracy and speed. AR was implemented by Unity 3D and Vuforia for initial position correction, and PCR for precision registration, to achieve the proposed radiotherapy positioning system. Feasibility of the proposed system was evaluated through phantom positioning tests as well as real human positioning tests. Real human tests involved breath‐holding positioning and free‐breathing positioning tests. Evaluation metrics included 6 Degree of Freedom (DOF) deviations and Distance (D) errors. Additionally, the interaction between CBCT and the proposed system was envisaged through CBCT and optical cross‐source PCR.ResultsPoint‐to‐plane iterative Closest Point (ICP), statistical filtering, uniform down‐sampling, and optimal sampling ratio were determined for PCR procedure. In virtual positioning tests, a single registration took only 0.111 s, and the average D error for 15 patients was 0.015 ± 0.029 mm., Errors of phantom tests were at the sub‐millimeter level, with an average D error of 0.6 ± 0.2 mm. In the real human positioning tests, the average accuracy of breath‐holding positioning was still at the sub‐millimeter level, where the errors of X, Y and Z axes were 0.59 ± 0.12 mm, 0.54 ± 0.12 mm, and 0.52 ± 0.09 mm, and the average D error was 0.96 ± 0.22 mm. In the free‐breathing positioning, the average errors in X, Y, and Z axes were still less than 1 mm. Although the mean D error was 1.93 ± 0.36 mm, it still falls within a clinically acceptable error margin.ConclusionThe AR and PCR‐guided radiotherapy positioning system enables markerless, radiation‐free and high‐accuracy positioning, which is feasible in real‐world scenarios.
Causal diagramming to improve students' monitoring accuracy and text comprehension: Effects of diagram standards and self‐scoring instructions
Authors: Braumann Sophia , van Wermeskerken Margot , van de Pol Janneke , Pijeira‐Díaz Héctor J. , de Bruin Anique B. H. , van Gog Tamara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStudents' monitoring of their text comprehension must be accurate for self‐regulated learning to be effective. Completing causal diagrams after reading (i.e., diagramming) already improves students' monitoring accuracy to some extent. We investigated whether providing secondary school students with a standard (i.e., correctly completed) diagram and self‐scoring instructions would further improve their monitoring accuracy and text comprehension in a delayed (Experiment 1; n = 98) or immediate (Experiment 2; n = 177) diagramming design. Self‐scoring instructions did not improve monitoring accuracy or text comprehension compared to the control condition(s) in either experiment. Presumably, students self‐scored their diagrams even without instructions to do so. In contrast to findings from prior diagramming research without standards, an explorative analysis suggests that delayed and immediate diagramming did not produce differences in monitoring accuracy. Immediate diagramming, however, led to better text comprehension than delayed diagramming and may therefore be preferable over delayed diagramming under certain conditions.
Injectable and Microporous Microgel Assembly with Sequential Bioactive Factor Release for the Endogenous Repair of Nucleus Pulposus
Authors: Luo Huitong , Wang Zetao , Yu Fanglei , Zhou Zhiyu , Wang Jianmin , Chen Dafu , Feng Qi , Cao Xiaodong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHarnessing endogenous stem/progenitor cells to enhance extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the nucleus pulposus (NP) is considered as a potential treatment for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), but is limited by the lack of suitable scaffolds for cell infiltration and growth, as well as the tailored release of bioactive factors. Herein, an injectable cell‐free microgel assembly (MA‐TNS) with interconnected microporous structure is developed to recruit stem/progenitor cells and induce the differentiation of the recruited cells by releasing stromal cell‐derived factor‐1α (SDF‐1α) and transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) sequentially. TGF‐β1 is initially loaded by the chondroitin sulfate/gelatin nanoparticles. Together with SDF‐1α, these nanoparticles are co‐encapsulated into the photo‐cross‐linked microgels, which are then assembled into a microporous scaffold via dynamic boronate ester bonds. An initial rapid release of SDF‐1α followed by a sustained release of TGF‐β1 lasting over 28 days is achieved. MA‐TNS significantly promotes the recruitment, infiltration, and chondrocyte‐like differentiation of marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo experiments on rats and cynomolgus monkeys prove that MA‐TNS can inhibit IVDD and recover ECM deposition markedly, thereby enabling long‐term NP reconstruction. The resulting efficacy in rats and nonhuman primates supports that MA‐TNS is a promising scaffold for intervertebral disc repair and regeneration.
Novel Operation Mechanism and Multifunctional Applications of Bubble Microrobots
Authors: Zhou Yuting , Cheng Wen , Dai Liguo , Guo Songyi , Wu Junfeng , Wang Xiaodong , Wu Anhua , Liu Lianqing , Jiao Niandong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMicrorobots have emerged as powerful tools for manipulating particles, cells, and assembling biological tissue structures at the microscale. However, achieving precise and flexible operation of arbitrary‐shaped microstructures in 3D space remains a challenge. In this study, three novel operation methods based on bubble microrobots are proposed to enable delicate and multifunctional manipulation of various microstructures. These methods include 3D turnover, fixed‐point rotation, and 3D ejection. By harnessing the combined principles of the effect of the heat flow field and surface tension of an optothermally generated bubble, the bubble microrobot can perform tasks such as flipping an SIA humanoid structure, rotating a bird‐like structure, and launching a hollow rocket‐like structure. The proposed multi‐mode operation of bubble microrobots enables diverse attitude adjustments of microstructures with different sizes and shapes in both 2D and 3D spaces. As a demonstration, a biological microenvironment of brain glioblastoma is constructed by the bubble microrobot. The simplicity, versatility, and flexibility of this proposed method hold great promise for applications in micromanipulation, assembly, and tissue engineering.
A Journey of Challenges and Victories: A Bibliometric Worldview of Nanomedicine since the 21st Century
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Zhao Wenling , Zhang Zhao , Liu Xingzi , Xie Tong , Wang Lan , Xue Yuzhou , Zhang Yuemiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNanotechnology profoundly affects the advancement of medicine. Limitations in diagnosing and treating cancer and chronic diseases promote the growth of nanomedicine. However, there are very few analytical and descriptive studies regarding the trajectory of nanomedicine, key research powers, present research landscape, focal investigative points, and future outlooks. Herein, articles and reviews published in the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection from first January 2000 to 18th July 2023 are analyzed. Herein, a bibliometric visualization of publication trends, countries/regions, institutions, journals, research categories, themes, references, and keywords is produced and elaborated. Nanomedicine‐related academic output is increasing since the COVID‐19 pandemic, solidifying the uneven global distribution of research performance. While China leads in terms of publication quantity and has numerous highly productive institutions, the USA has advantages in academic impact, commercialization, and industrial value. Nanomedicine integrates with other disciplines, establishing interdisciplinary platforms, in which drug delivery and nanoparticles remain focal points. Current research focuses on integrating nanomedicine and cell ferroptosis induction in cancer immunotherapy. The keyword “burst testing” identifies promising research directions, including immunogenic cell death, chemodynamic therapy, tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy, and extracellular vesicles. The prospects, major challenges, and barriers to addressing these directions are discussed.