bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Idiopathic Cam Morphology With Femoral and Acetabular Version: Analysis of 986 Cadaveric Hips
Authors: Sinkler Margaret A. , Morris William Z. , Yuh Roger T. , Fowers Cody A. , Xie Katherine , Cooperman Daniel R. , Liu Raymond W. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Studies have correlated symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with femoral retroversion and cam lesions. Purpose: To investigate any association between femoral and acetabular versions with cam deformity in a largely asymptomatic population. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 986 cadaveric hips were selected from a historical osteologic collection. Each hip was assessed to determine the femoral and acetabular versions, anterior offset, and alpha angle. Cam morphology was defined as an alpha angle >60°. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between age, femoral version, acetabular version, and either alpha angle or anterior femoral offset. Results: The mean alpha angle and anterior offset for the sample population were 48.1°± 10.4° and 0.77 ± 0.17 cm, respectively, with cam morphology in 149 of the 986 (15.1%) specimens. No significant difference was observed between hips with and without cam morphology with respect to the femoral (10.8°± 10° vs 10.3°± 9.6°; P = .58) or acetabular versions (17.4°± 6° vs 18.2°± 6.3°; P = .14). Multiple regression analysis did not demonstrate an association between the femoral or acetabular versions and the alpha angle, and it showed a small association between the increasing femoral and acetabular versions and a decreased anterior femoral offset (both P < .01). Conclusion: In a large random sample of cadaveric hips, cam morphology was not associated with femoral or acetabular retroversion. Combined with the existing literature, these findings suggest that retroversion is not associated with cam development. Clinical Relevance: This study provides insight into the development of cam morphology, which may eventually aid in the evaluation and treatment of FAI.
Users’ views on the use of a smartwatch app to collect daily symptom data in individuals with multiple long-term conditions (Multimorbidity): A qualitative study
Authors: Kenning Cassandra , Bower Peter , Small Nicola , Ali Syed Mustafa , Brown Benjamin , Dempsey Katherine , Mackey Elaine , McMillan Brian , Sanders Caroline , Serafimova Ilina , Van der Veer Sabine N , Dixon William G , McBeth John 
Published: January 2024

Introduction Long-term conditions are a major burden on health systems. One way to facilitate more research and better clinical care among patients with long-term conditions is to collect accurate data on their daily symptoms (patient-generated health data) using wearable technologies. Whilst evidence is growing for the use of wearable technologies in single conditions, there is less evidence of the utility of frequent symptom tracking in those who have more than one condition. Aims To explore patient views of the acceptability of collecting daily patient-generated health data for three months using a smartwatch app. Methods Watch Your Steps was a longitudinal study which recruited 53 patients to track over 20 symptoms per day for a 90-day period using a study app on smartwatches. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sub-sample of 20 participants to explore their experience of engaging with the app. Results In a population of older people with multimorbidity, patients were willing and able to engage with a patient-generated health data app on a smartwatch. It was suggested that to maintain engagement over a longer period, more ‘real-time’ feedback from the app should be available. Participants did not seem to consider the management of more than one condition to be a factor in either engagement or use of the app, but the presence of severe or chronic pain was at times a barrier. Conclusion This study has provided preliminary evidence that multimorbidity was not a major barrier to engagement with patient-generated health data via a smartwatch symptom tracking app.
The Triple Varus Knee: A Case Presentation
Authors: Grandberg Camila , Kaarre Janina , Keeling Laura E. , Zsidai Bálint , Greiner Justin J. , Musahl Volker 
Published: January 2024

Background: Knee instability due to posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) deficiency is a devastating condition that negatively affects patient quality of life. This video presents the surgical management of a triple varus knee, including combined high tibial osteotomy (HTO), revision PCL and PLC reconstruction, and meniscus root repair. Indications: Combined HTO and revision PCL and PLC reconstruction is indicated for patients with previously failed PCL and PLC reconstruction in the setting of varus malalignment. Technique Description: The procedure begins with a medial opening-wedge biplanar HTO, which is fixed with a patient-specific locking plate. The PCL femoral tunnel is drilled via a low anterolateral portal, and the tibial insertion is debrided via a posteromedial portal. The medial meniscus is carefully freed from the posterior capsule, and 2 luggage tag sutures are placed through the posterior root. The PCL tibial tunnel and meniscus root tunnels are drilled via their respective guides. The meniscal sutures are passed through the tunnel but not fixed. An Achilles bone-block allograft is passed through the PCL tibial tunnel and fixed with suspensory fixation and an interference screw on the femoral side, while the tibial side is left free. A peroneal nerve neurolysis is performed. A fibular tunnel is drilled, and a semitendinosus allograft is whip-stitched on both sides and passed through the tunnel. A Beath pin is inserted into the femur, and the tunnel is over drilled. Both limbs of the graft are passed deep to the iliotibial band and into the tunnel. The tibial side of the PCL is fixed with an interference screw at 90° of knee flexion. The PLC grafts are fixed with an interference screw at 30° of knee flexion with slight valgus. The medial meniscus root sutures are tied over a button, with 60° of knee flexion. Screws from osteotomy fixation are replaced as needed. Results: Although outcomes following the combined procedure are lacking, good to excellent clinical outcomes have been reported in isolation following each procedure. Conclusion: A combination of HTO and revision PCL and PLC reconstruction should be considered for patients with persistent instability and/or pain in the setting of triple varus knee. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Experiences of suicide survivors of sharing their stories about suicidality and overcoming a crisis in media and public talks: a qualitative study
Authors: Kirchner Stefanie , Niederkrotenthaler Thomas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Media stories of hope and recovery from suicidal ideation have been found to have a positive impact on the audience, but little is known about how individuals who share their own experiences perceive the effects of their storytelling. This study aimed to assess qualitatively, through focus groups, how individuals who shared their personal story of hope and recovery in the media and public talks experienced the process, and which aspects they perceived as important in sharing their coping story.

Methods
Three focus groups were conducted with a total of n = 12 individuals. These included n = 5 participants with experience of suicidal ideation or a suicide attempt, n = 4 individuals who had been bereaved through suicide, and n = 3 participants who experienced both. Participants were recruited from the American organisation “Suicide Survivors United”. Thematic analysis was used to assess the participants’ perception and experiences of sharing their story.

Results
Participants shared that the intention to help others was the main motivation to share their story of hope and recovery. Participants noted many positive effects of their storytelling on themselves and also received positive feedback from the audience, such as improved help-seeking attitudes. The participants offered recommendations for those who want to share their story of hope and recovery, including careful personal preparation and media training before going public. They also discussed media recommendations for talking about suicide in the media.

Conclusions
Sharing a personal story of hope and recovery may have a beneficial impact on the storytellers. Storytelling requires a careful preparation and training before going public and support and guidance is crucial in all stages of the storytelling, particularly to help unexperienced storytellers in going public and using their personal narratives to help prevent suicide.
Changes in lung mechanics and ventilation-perfusion match: comparison of pulmonary air- and thromboembolism in rats
Authors: Tolnai József , Ballók Bence , Südy Roberta , Schranc Álmos , Varga Gabriella , Babik Barna , Fodor Gergely H. , Peták Ferenc 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary air embolism (AE) and thromboembolism lead to severe ventilation-perfusion defects. The spatial distribution of pulmonary perfusion dysfunctions differs substantially in the two pulmonary embolism pathologies, and the effects on respiratory mechanics, gas exchange, and ventilation-perfusion match have not been compared within a study. Therefore, we compared changes in indices reflecting airway and respiratory tissue mechanics, gas exchange, and capnography when pulmonary embolism was induced by venous injection of air as a model of gas embolism or by clamping the main pulmonary artery to mimic severe thromboembolism.

Methods
Anesthetized and mechanically ventilated rats (n = 9) were measured under baseline conditions after inducing pulmonary AE by injecting 0.1 mL air into the femoral vein and after occluding the left pulmonary artery (LPAO). Changes in mechanical parameters were assessed by forced oscillations to measure airway resistance, lung tissue damping, and elastance. The arterial partial pressures of oxygen (PaO2) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were determined by blood gas analyses. Gas exchange indices were also assessed by measuring end-tidal CO2 concentration (ETCO2), shape factors, and dead space parameters by volumetric capnography.

Results
In the presence of a uniform decrease in ETCO2 in the two embolism models, marked elevations in the bronchial tone and compromised lung tissue mechanics were noted after LPAO, whereas AE did not affect lung mechanics. Conversely, only AE deteriorated PaO2, and PaCO2, while LPAO did not affect these outcomes. Neither AE nor LPAO caused changes in the anatomical or physiological dead space, while both embolism models resulted in elevated alveolar dead space indices incorporating intrapulmonary shunting.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that severe focal hypocapnia following LPAO triggers bronchoconstriction redirecting airflow to well-perfused lung areas, thereby maintaining normal oxygenation, and the CO2 elimination ability of the lungs. However, hypocapnia in diffuse pulmonary perfusion after AE may not reach the threshold level to induce lung mechanical changes; thus, the compensatory mechanisms to match ventilation to perfusion are activated less effectively.
Hybrid architecture based intelligent diagnosis assistant for GP
Authors: Wang Ruibin , Jayathunge Kavisha , Page Rupert , Li Hailing , Zhang Jian Jun , Yang Xiaosong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs the first point of contact for patients, General Practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in the National Health Service (NHS). An accurate primary diagnosis from the GP can alleviate the burden on specialists and reduce the time needed to re-confirm the patient’s condition, allowing for more efficient further examinations. However, GPs have broad but less specialized knowledge, which limits the accuracy of their diagnosis. Therefore, it is imperative to introduce an intelligent system to assist GPs in making decisions. This paper introduces two data augmentation methods, the Complaint Symptoms Integration Method and Symptom Dot Separating Method, to integrate essential information into the Integration dataset. Additionally, it proposes a hybrid architecture that fuses the features of words from different representation spaces. Experiments demonstrate that, compared to commonly used pre-trained attention-based models, our hybrid architecture delivers the best classification performance for four common neurological diseases on the enhanced Integration dataset. For example, the classification accuracy of the BERT+CNN hybrid architecture is 0.897, which is a 5.1% improvement over both BERT and CNN with 0.846. Finally, this paper develops an AI diagnosis assistant web application that leverages the superior performance of this architecture to help GPs complete primary diagnosis efficiently and accurately.
Nurses’ preferences for interventions to improve infection prevention and control behaviors based on systems engineering initiative to patient safety model: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Zhou Qian , Liu Junjie , Zheng Feiyang , Wang Qianning , Zhang Xinping , Li Hui , Tan Li , Luo Wanjun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The evidence of preferences for infection prevention and control (IPC) intervention from system perspective was lacked. This study aimed to elicit nurses’ preferences for the intervention designed to improve IPC behaviors based on the Systems Engineering Initiative to Patient Safety (SEIPS) model using Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE).

Methods
A DCE was conducted among nurses who were on active duty and willing to participate from July 5th to 10th, 2021 in a tertiary hospital in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, using convenience sampling. A self-administered questionnaire included scenarios formed by six attributes with varying levels based on SEIPS model: person, organization, tools and technology, tasks, internal environment and external environment. A conditional logit and latent class logit model were performed to analyze the data.

Results
A total of 257 valid questionnaires were analyzed among nurses. The results from the latent class logit model show that nurses’ preferences can be divided into three classes. For nurses in multifaceted-aspect-preferred class (41.9%), positive coefficients were obtained in those six attributes. For person-preferred class (19.7%), only person was positively significant. For environment-preferred class (36.4%), the most important attribute were tasks, tools and technology, internal environment and external environment.

Conclusions
This finding suggest that nurses have three latent-class preferences for interventions. Multifaceted interventions to improve IPC behaviors based on the SEIPS model are preferred by most nurses. Moreover, relevant measured should be performed targeted the latent class of person-preferred and external-environment-preferred nurses.
Medical tourism among Indonesians: a scoping review
Authors: Asa Gregorius Abanit , Fauk Nelsensius Klau , McLean Caitlan , Ward Paul Russell 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundInternational medical travel or medical tourism is not a new phenomenon in many countries, including among Indonesians. Indonesia is reported as a major source of patients from the lower, middle, to upper classes for its neighbouring countries. This scoping review aims to synthesise evidence on supporting factors for Indonesians taking medical tourism and what needs to be improved in Indonesia’s health system.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review guided by a framework provided by Arksey and O’Malley. We systematically searched existing literature from 5 databases, including MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Wiley. Data were extracted based on study details, study design, characteristics of participants and results. Analysis followed the three-stage procedure outlined by Thomas and Harden: (1) coding the text line by line, interpreting the data and identifying concepts or themes; (2) developing descriptive themes by grouping similar concepts in theme and subtheme and (3) generating analytical themes by reviewing preliminary themes and discussing the addition or revision of themes.ResultsA total of 25 articles were included in this review. The review highlights a broad range of facilitators for medical tourism among Indonesians: (i) availability of health services, medical specialities, and person-centred care, (ii) region adjacency, transport, and health agency, (iii) affordability of medical treatment, (iv) religious and socio-cultural factors, and (v) reasons patients reported distrust in Indonesian doctors.ConclusionThe findings indicate improvements in the Indonesian health system are necessary if the increasing rates of international medical tourism by Indonesian people are to change. Addressing the factors identified in this scoping review through avenues including policy may increase people’s satisfaction and trust towards health care and treatment in Indonesia, thereby reducing the number of Indonesian people taking medical tourism.
Tobacco and menthol flavored nicotine-free electronic cigarettes induced inflammation and dysregulated repair in lung fibroblast and epithelium
Authors: Wang Qixin , Lucas Joseph H , Pang Cortney , Zhao Ruogang , Rahman Irfan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Electronic cigarette (e-cig) vaping has increased in the past decade in the US, and e-cig use is misleadingly marketed as a safe cessation for quitting smoking. The main constituents in e-liquid are humectants, such as propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerine (VG), but different flavoring chemicals are also used. However, the toxicology profile of flavored e-cigs in the pulmonary tract is lacking. We hypothesized that menthol and tobacco-flavored e-cig (nicotine-free) exposure results in inflammatory responses and dysregulated repair in lung fibroblast and epithelium.

Method
We exposed lung fibroblast (HFL-1) and epithelium (BEAS-2B) to Air, PG/VG, menthol flavored, or tobacco-flavored e-cig, and determined the cytotoxicity, inflammation, and wound healing ability in 2D cells and 3D microtissue chip models.

Results
After exposure, HFL-1 showed decreased cell number with increased IL-8 levels in the tobacco flavor group compared to air. BEAS-2B also showed increased IL-8 secretion after PG/VG and tobacco flavor exposure, while menthol flavor exposure showed no change. Both menthol and tobacco-flavored e-cig exposure showed decreased protein abundance of type 1 collagen α 1 (COL1A1), α-smooth-muscle actin (αSMA), and fibronectin as well as decreased gene expression level of αSMA (Acta2) in HFL-1. After tobacco flavor e-cig exposure, HFL-1 mediated wound healing and tissue contractility were inhibited. Furthermore, BEAS-2B exposed to menthol flavor showed significantly decreased tight junction gene expressions, such as CDH1, OCLN, and TJP1.

Conclusion
Overall, tobacco-flavored e-cig exposure induces inflammation in both epithelium and fibroblasts, and tobacco-flavored e-cig inhibits wound healing ability in fibroblasts.
Pan-cancer assessment of antineoplastic therapy-induced interstitial lung disease in patients receiving subsequent therapy immediately following immune checkpoint blockade therapy
Authors: Kitahara Yoshihiro , Inoue Yusuke , Yasui Hideki , Karayama Masato , Suzuki Yuzo , Hozumi Hironao , Furuhashi Kazuki , Enomoto Noriyuki , Fujisawa Tomoyuki , Funai Kazuhito , Honda Tetsuya , Misawa Kiyoshi , Miyake Hideaki , Takeuchi Hiroya , Inui Naoki , Suda Takafumi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD) is a serious adverse event potentially induced by any antineoplastic agent. Whether cancer patients are predisposed to a higher risk of DIILD after receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is unknown.

Methods
This study retrospectively assessed the cumulative incidence of DIILD in consecutive cancer patients who received post-ICI antineoplastic treatment within 6 months from the final dose of ICIs. There was also a separate control cohort of 55 ICI-naïve patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received docetaxel.

Results
Of 552 patients who received ICIs, 186 met the inclusion criteria. The cohort predominantly comprised patients with cancer of the lung, kidney/urinary tract, or gastrointestinal tract. The cumulative incidence of DIILD in the entire cohort at 3 and 6 months was 4.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4%–8.7%) and 7.2% (95% CI 4.0%–11.5%), respectively. There were significant differences according to cancer type (Gray’s test, P = .04), with the highest cumulative incidence of DIILD in patients with lung cancer being 9.8% (95% CI 4.3%–18.0%) at 3 months and 14.2% (95% CI 7.3%–23.3%) at 6 months. DIILD was caused by docetaxel in six of these 11 lung cancer patients (54.5%). After matching, the cumulative incidence of docetaxel-induced ILD in patients with NSCLC in the post-ICI setting was higher than that in the ICI-naïve setting: 13.0% (95% CI 3.3%–29.7%) vs 4.3% (95% CI 0.3%–18.2%) at 3 months; and 21.7% (95% CI 7.9%–39.9%) vs 4.3% (95% CI 0.3%–18.2%) at 6 months. However, these were not significant differences (hazard ratio, 5.37; 95% CI 0.64–45.33; Fine–Gray P = .12).

Conclusions
Patients with lung cancer were at high risk of developing DIILD in subsequent regimens after ICI treatment. Whether NSCLC patients are predisposed to additional risk of docetaxel-induced ILD by prior ICIs warrants further study.
Non-coding RNAs as potential therapeutic targets for receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in solid tumors: current status and future directions
Authors: Moeinafshar Aysan , Nouri Mohammad , Shokrollahi Nima , Masrour Mahdi , Behnam Amirmohammad , Tehrani Fateh Sahand , Sadeghi Hossein , Miryounesi Mohammad , Ghasemi Mohammad-Reza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis review article presents an in-depth analysis of the current state of research on receptor tyrosine kinase regulatory non-coding RNAs (RTK-RNAs) in solid tumors. RTK-RNAs belong to a class of non-coding RNAs (nc-RNAs) responsible for regulating the expression and activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which play a critical role in cancer development and progression. The article explores the molecular mechanisms through which RTK-RNAs modulate RTK signaling pathways and highlights recent advancements in the field. This include the identification of potential new RTK-RNAs and development of therapeutic strategies targeting RTK-RNAs. While the review discusses promising results from a variety of studies, encompassing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations, it is important to acknowledge the challenges and limitations associated with targeting RTK-RNAs for therapeutic applications. Further studies involving various cancer cell lines, animal models, and ultimately, patients are necessary to validate the efficacy of targeting RTK-RNAs. The specificity of ncRNAs in targeting cellular pathways grants them tremendous potential, but careful consideration is required to minimize off-target effects, the article additionally discusses the potential clinical applications of RTK-RNAs as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. In essence, by providing a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of RTK-RNAs in solid tumors, this review emphasizes their potential as therapeutic targets for cancer while acknowledging the associated challenges and limitations.