bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Los Procesos de Intervención Profesional en Trabajo Social Comunitario: Alternativas metodológicas
Authors: Cabrera Ruiz Isaac Iran , Fabré Machado Idalsis , Roque Doval Yamila , Riera Vázquez Celia Marta 
Published: February 2025

El artículo tiene como objetivo proponer directrices teórico y metodológicas sobre los procesos de intervención profesional del trabajador social Las reflexiones que se ofrecen versan sobre la necesidad de revalorizar el papel de la ciencia en el Trabajo Social (como disciplina y como profesión) para desarrollar una praxis realmente emancipadora. Se defiende la tesis que el trabajo social comunitario se traduce en el tratamiento comunitario de problemáticas sociales lo cual significa la gestación de soluciones participativas fundadas en la simetría del vínculo facilitadas y estimuladas por el profesional en cualquier de sus espacios de intervención. En esta dirección la intervención psicosocial constituye una alternativa en los procesos de intervención profesional del trabajador social centrado en las situaciones de malestar social desde la doble perspectiva de los factores estructurales y las vivencias subjetivas que las personas tienen de estas situaciones, para gestar cambios en esas situaciones sociales ya sea en un nivel psicológico específico (personal, interpersonal, grupal, masivo) y en un ámbito determinado (familiar, comunitario, institucional, social).
Analysis of the effectiveness of seaports in the Far Eastern basin based on a stakeholder approach
Authors: Martinov Dmitrii Valer'evich , Mazelis Lev Solomonovich 
Published: February 2025

The article examines current methodological issues of assessing the effectiveness of seaports in the Far Eastern basin, based on a stakeholder approach. Ports play a key role in global supply chains, ensuring economic growth, attracting investment and infrastructure development. However, traditional approaches to evaluating their effectiveness are insufficient, as they do not take into account the interests of various groups of stakeholders. The aim of the study is to develop a universal assessment tool that reflects the needs of all major stakeholder groups, taking into account their importance. Government and corporate reports are used to form the source database. The subject of the study is a methodology for the comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of seaports using a stakeholder approach. The object of the study is the seaports of the Russian Far Eastern basin, analyzed taking into account their impact on the economic, social and environmental aspects of regional development. The research methodology includes the formation of an integral performance indicator, which is a convolution of stakeholder performance indicators based on an analysis of various aspects of the port's activities and their impact on regional and national development. The novelty of the research lies in an integrated assessment approach that takes into account the interests of stakeholders and links the results with the concept of sustainable development. The findings highlight the importance of port operations not only for the economic and social growth of the region, but also for national security, given their strategic role in global supply chains. The results of the study show that the ports of Vladivostok and Vostochny are the leaders in efficiency, demonstrating consistently high performance in most categories. The ports of De-Kastri and Nikolaevsk-on-Amur turned out to be the least effective. The research results have a wide range of practical applications, both in terms of increasing the port's competitiveness, as well as for sustainable development and balanced growth in socio-economic and environmental contexts.
Sex differences in anaerobic performance in CrossFit® athletes: a comparison of three different all-out tests
Authors: Ponce-García Tomás , García-Romero Jerónimo , Carrasco-Fernández Laura , Castillo-Domínguez Alejandro , Benítez-Porres Javier 
Published: February 2025

Background
Athletic performance can be influenced by various factors, including those related to biological sex. Various scientific disciplines have studied the observed differences in athletic performance between men and women. Moreover, anaerobic performance refers to the capacity of the human body to generate energy quickly and efficiently during high-intensity and short-duration activities. It is associated with the ability to perform explosive actions and the capacity for rapid recovery between repeated efforts. Anaerobic performance is a determining factor for performance in high-intensity sports and those with predominantly lower intensity but intermittent peaks of higher intensity. One high-intensity sport that has experienced exponential growth and attracts increasing numbers of participants yearly is commercially known as CrossFit® (CF). Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to determine the anaerobic performance differences between sexes in CF athletes in terms of absolute and relative values.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted over 2 weeks. Fifty CrossFit® athletes (25 men and 25 women) voluntarily participated in the study. They were subjected to body composition analysis and three maximal effort tests to measure anaerobic performance: a cycle ergometer test, a continuous jump test and a squat test.

Results
Significant differences were found in all the variables of absolute peak power and relative to body mass in the three tests. In values adjusted to lean and muscle mass, significant differences were only found in the cycle ergometer test but not in the other two. In mean power variables, significant differences were found in all the variables studied, except for the mean power adjusted to muscle mass in the squat test. In conclusion, this study’s results indicate that differences between sexes in absolute and relative peak powers measured in all tests evaluated are explained by the amount of lean and muscle mass. However, mean powers show significant differences in all variables except for the one related to muscle mass in the squat test.
Comparison of Parasite Prevalence in Marine Fish Sardinella maderensis (Teleostei: Clupeidae) According to Different Length and Fish Sex in the Waters Near the Coast of Benin, West Africa
Authors: Tossavi Nounagnon Darius , Gandé Jijoho Gospel Jlayinna , Togla Anissossè Ignance , Bouko Bernadin , Aboki-Onzo Ahlimba Ablavi , Sinaré Yamba , Ibikounlé Moudachirou 
Published: February 2025

Aims: This study was designed to assess the diversity and the occurrence of parasites in Sardinella maderensis and the relationship between the prevalence of infestation and the fish length and sex.
Place and Duration of Study: Fish samplings were realized in the Artisanal fishing port of Cotonou between November 2019 and March 2020.
Methodology: During the study, 101 males and 64 females were sampled. They were kept on ice and transported into the laboratory. Each specimen was labeled and the length was mesure. Then, they were dissected to get the internal organs for endoparasites examination. After parasite identification and counting, the prevalence, mean abundance, and mean intensity were assessed. Ecological indices for parasite community analysis such as Shannon Wiener index, Piélou equitability index, and Jaccard’s Similarity index were determined. The chi-square test was performed to appreciate the probable significant variation between sex prevalence and length classes.
Results: A total of 742 individuals and eleven (11) species of the harvested parasites were distributed in five groups such as Monogenea, Digenea, Cestoda, Nematoda, and Copepoda. Nematoda were mostly represented in terms of number of recorded species and mean abundance. Total prevalence was 92.12%. No significant difference was recorded between prevalence in males and females (chi2 = 1.168; P = 0.279) on one hand and prevalence in fish length (chi2 = 2.41 ; P = 0.66). Cestoda exhibited a high prevalence while the high mean abundance was encounterd for nematoda. Nematoda has encountered 4 species whereas the two Trematoda were represented by only one species, each one. Ecological index record were representative of the equilibrium in parasite distribution between hosts sex.
Conclusion: Parasitism in S. maderensis was characterized by an important fauna of parasites mainly represented by Nematoda and Digenea. The prevalence of parasites was not related to the host’s length or sex. These results, however, need further work to validate reliability.
All‐Photolithography Fabrication of Ion‐Gated Flexible Organic Transistor Array for Multimode Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Liu Xu , Dai Shilei , Zhao Weidong , Zhang Junyao , Guo Ziyi , Wu Yue , Xu Yutong , Sun Tongrui , Li Li , Guo Pu , Yang Jie , Hu Huawei , Zhou Junhe , Zhou Peng , Huang Jia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOrganic ion‐gated transistors (OIGTs) demonstrate commendable performance for versatile neuromorphic systems. However, due to the fragility of organic materials to organic solvents, efficient and reliable all‐photolithography methods for scalable manufacturing of high‐density OIGT arrays with multimode neuromorphic functions are still missing, especially when all active layers are patterned in high‐density. Here, a flexible high‐density (9662 devices per cm2) OIGT array with high yield and minimal device‐to‐device variation is fabricated by a modified all‐photolithography method. The unencapsulated flexible array can withstand 1000 times’ bending at a radius of 1 mm, and 3 months’ storage test in air, without obvious performance degradation. More interesting, the OIGTs can be configured between volatile and nonvolatile modes, suitable for constructing reservoir computing systems to achieve high accuracy in classifying handwritten digits with low training costs. This work proposes a promising design of organic and flexible electronics for affordable neuromorphic systems, encompassing both array and algorithm aspects.
Effect of inlet velocity on the hydraulic and filtering performance of a Y‐type screen filter
Authors: Li Na , Li Junfeng , Yu Liming , Yang Wenhan , Liu Xuelian , Cheng Qiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUneven sediment distribution affected by inlet velocity, particle size distribution and flow field characteristics leads to local clogging in a Y‐type screen filter. This study revealed the detailed flow field characteristics and distribution of sediments on the screen via computational fluid dynamics combined with the discrete element method (CFD–DEM) simulations and experimental tests. The results showed that the distribution of the flow rate on the filter screen was extremely uneven, with the maximum flow rate being 11.72 times greater than the minimum rate. The flow rate was distributed symmetrically on the two sides along the outlet centreline, as shown by the unfolded drawing of the filter core. Numerical simulation and experimental tests using sandy water showed that the number and average particle diameter on the screen decreased, and the number and average particle diameter in the plug increased, with increasing inlet velocity. The sediments on the screen were distributed intensively, and the plugging extent coefficient and the anti‐clogging performance improved. However, this process was more likely to cause local clogging and worsen the filtration performance. Therefore, low‐speed filtering should be applied if the filtering effect is needed, and high‐speed filtering should be applied if the filtering efficiency is favourable but the flushing frequency increases.
Resting Energy Expenditure before and after Surgical Resection of Gut Lesions in Pediatric Crohn's Disease
Authors: Varille V. , Cézard J. P. , de Lagausie P. , Bellaiche M. , Tounian P. , Besnard M. , Faure C. , Aigrain Y. , Girardet J. P. , Navarro J. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIn pediatric Crohn's disease (CD), resection of gut lesions is necessary to remove stenoses and when frequent relapses occur despite nutritional support and medical treatment. After surgery, improved nutritional status and accelerated growth usually follow increased nutritional intake and lower doses of steroids. The aim of this study was to compare energy balance before and after surgery while nutritional intake and steroid therapy were unchanged. Eleven patients, aged 14.5 ± 2.5 years and with mildly active CD, were explored 1 week before and 1 month after gut resection for stenosis (n = 7) and medical treatment failure (n = 4). Eleven matched children participated in the study as controls. Disease activity was assessed by the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index and serum orosomucoid concentration. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured by indirect calorimetry, and fat‐free body mass (FFM) was measured by anthropometry. The patients' mean REE decreased from 46.6 ± 10.5 kcal/kg FFM/day before surgery to 42.6 ± 10.3 kcal/kg FFM/day after surgery, while the controls' mean REE was 39 ± 7 kcal/kg FFM/day (analysis of variance, p = 0.02). After surgery, body weights were not significantly different, but the mean protein oxidation rate was reduced and arm muscle area was increased. Changes in REE per kilogram of FFM per day were not correlated with changes in orosomucoid serum concentrations (r2 = 0.35; p = 0.4). In conclusion, in children with mildly active CD, while nutritional intake and steroid therapy were maintained at preoperative levels, a significant decrease in REE and improved nitrogen utilisation were observed 1 month after resection of the CD gut lesion. This finding suggests better use of energy substrates when CD lesions are removed.
Elevation of Serum Interleukin‐6 but Not Serum‐Soluble Interleukin‐2 Receptor in Children with Crohn's Disease
Authors: Bross David A. , Leichtner Alan M. , Zurakowski David , Law Terry , Bousvaros Athos 
Published: February 2024

SummaryPrevious studies have demonstrated elevated serum levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and the soluble interleukin‐2 receptor (IL‐2R, CD25) in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of our study was to compare serum IL‐6 and IL‐2R levels to see if one marker better distinguished IBD from other intestinal disorders or better reflected disease activity. Blood samples were obtained from 41 pediatric patients with Crohn's disease, 22 with ulcerative colitis, 19 with other gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, and 13 with functional abdominal pain. Disease activity and disease location were determined for patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Serum levels of IL‐6 and IL‐2R were determined by using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Mean serum levels of IL‐6 were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in patients with Crohn's disease when compared with individuals with ulcerative colitis, other gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, or functional abdominal pain. By comparison, there was no significant difference in mean serum levels of IL‐2R in individuals with Crohn's disease compared with these other groups. Patients with moderate/severe Crohn's disease had elevated mean serum levels of IL‐6 and IL‐2R when compared with those with mild and inactive disease (p < 0.05); however, neither marker distinguished between inactive and mild disease. IL‐6 correlated better with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; r = 0.57, p < 0.001) than did IL‐2R (r = 0.28, p < 0.01). Our results suggest that elevated IL‐6 levels are more likely to be seen in patients with Crohn's disease. Although IL‐6 may be a better marker for Crohn's disease and active disease than IL‐2R, it does not appear to offer any advantage over the ESR.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Infancy: An Increasing Problem?
Authors: Dady Ian M. , Thomas Adrian G. , Miller Victor , Kelsey Anna J. 
Published: February 2024

SummarySeven children with intractable diarrhoea of infancty seen between 1990 and 1993 developed endoscopically established inflammatory bowel disease unrelated to bacterial infection and not responsive to whole protein exclusion. Mouth ulcers were present in two patients, endoscopic upper‐gastrointestinal‐tract inflammation in two, villous atrophy in six, and chronic nonspecific colitis in all seven. There was considerable clinical and histological heterogeneity. All patients required parenteral nutrition. Steroid therapy was completely successful in only one child, while two underwent colectomy, and two died. Previously described cases other than those due to infection or milk intolerance have been rare and sporadic. The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in infancy is unknown but appears to be increasing.
High‐ Versus Low‐Lipase Acid‐Resistant Enzyme Preparations in Cystic Fibrosis: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Lancellotti Laura , Cabrini Giulio , Zanolla Luisa , Mastella Gianni 
Published: February 2024

SummaryHigh‐strength pancreatic enzyme preparations have recently come into widespread use in some countries for treatment of pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis. However, the therapeutic equivalence of these preparations to the standard acid‐resistant microsphere preparations, under the same lipase dosage, has not been demonstrated by appropriate clinical trials; they are also considered responsible for severe colonic stricture. In a randomized crossover study, 20 adolescent or adult cystic fibrosis patients were treated in hospital with both low‐lipase (A) and high‐lipase (B) enteric‐coated microsphere preparations. The fat excretion coefficient, evaluated over two 72‐h fat balance periods (measured fat intake, 1.43 to 3 g/kg/day according to age), was the main response variable, secondary variables being stool wet and dry weight, fecal nitrogen output, and energy loss. With both preparations, patients were given a daily dose of 1,500‐2,000 lipase BP U/g fat ingested, distributed across four meals. The low‐strength preparation was divided into three doses during each meal, while the high‐strength preparation was taken as a single dose in the middle of each meal. The considerable variability of results did not provide conclusive evidence of equivalence or significant differences between the two preparations in terms of steatorrhea and other variables. However, mean differences between the two treatments and their 95% confidence intervals showed less satisfactory results with the high‐lipase preparation. A high‐strength preparation is thought to release relatively less enzyme activity in the small intestine, forcing patients to increase their dosage and possibly creating a dangerous enzyme hyperconcentration in the large intestine. For this reason, the occasional occurrence of colonic stricture should be borne in mind, as must the possible scope for division of dosage during each meal.
Sucrose Permeability in Children with Gastric Damage and Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Vera José F. , Gotteland Martin , Chavez Eduardo , Vial Maria T. , Kakarieka Elena , Brunser Oscar 
Published: February 2024

Background:Increased permeability to sucrose has been recently shown to be a good marker of gastric mucosal damage in adults.Methods:This test was evaluated in 40 children consulting for recurrent abdominal pain and the results were correlated with endoscopic and histologic findings and with the presence of H. pylori.Results:The gastric mucosa was considered endoscopically normal in 31 children; 3 had duodenitis, and 6 had mild gastritis. Abnormal endoscopic findings were associated with increased urinary sucrose excretion (MANOVA F = 7.30; p = 0.002). In the 6 children with mild gastritis, mean sucrose excretion was twice that of controls (0.060 ± 0.024 vs. 0.029 ± 0.018, respectively; p = 0.019) and significantly higher than the group with duodenitis (0.037 ± 0.013; p = 0.038). The specificity and sensitivity of sucrose permeability test for detection of gastric damage were 90.3% and 83.3%, respectively. H. pylori was detected in 62.5% of children including all patients with mild gastritis, in 2 out of 3 with duodenitis and 17 out of 31 endoscopically normal controls. No differences in sucrose excretion were observed in relation with the presence of H. pylori or histological findings in the control group.Conclusions:Urinary sucrose excretion is a good marker of mucosal gastric damage in children and may be used as a screening test in large groups of populations.
Congenital Chloride‐Losing Diarrhoea: Absence of the Anion‐Exchange Mechanism in the Rectum
Authors: Jenkins H. R. , Milla P. J. 
Published: February 2024

Background:Congenital chloride‐losing diarrhoea is characterized by a defect in chloride/bicarbonate exchange, which is normally present in the ileum and colon. Whether the defect is an absence or a reversal of such an exhange is unclear, and we have investigated two young children with the disorder to answer this question.Methods:We used a previously described nonequilibrium rectal dialysis method, using different dialysate anion concentrations, to investigate the movement of sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate in the rectum of the two children.Results:The results showed that chloride and bicarbonate movements were not linked in any active way, and both ions appeared to move passively in response to the electrochemical gradients generated.Conclusions:In the two subjects studied, the defect in the rectum appears to be an absence of the normal anion exchange mechanism present in the bowel, rather than its reversal.
In Situ Interleukin 5 Gene Expression in Pediatric Crohn's Disease
Authors: Hankard G. Fromont , Brousse N. , Cézard J. P. , Emilie D. , Peuchmaur M. 
Published: February 2024

Background:Eosinophils contribute to the intestinal inflammatory infiltrate in Crohn's disease (CD). Eosinophilic infiltration occurs early in Crohn's recurrences, and a release of eosinophil cationic proteins has been observed in active CD. The proliferation, differentiation, and activation of eosinophils are highly dependent on the cytokine interleukin 5 (IL5). In the present study, we used in situ hybridization (ISH) to investigate the expression of the IL5 gene in intestinal specimens from patients with CD.Methods:We studied 14 intestinal samples from eight children who had undergone ileocolectomy for advanced CD. The samples were examined for the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate. Normal pediatric intestine specimens served as controls. In situ hybridization was performed on frozen tissue using radiolabeled IL5 mRNA probes.Results:Positive signal with the IL5 antisense probe was observed within numerous cells infiltrating the specimens involved with CD. The number of IL5‐expressing cells correlated with the histological grade of inflammation. Most of the labeled cells were eosinophils, characterized by their bilobed nuclei. Rare IL5‐positive cells were detected in the control tissues. No positive signal was obtained with the IL5 sense probe.Conclusion:These results suggest that IL5 can be produced by eosinophils at the sites of inflammation in active CD and could be involved in the immune response by activating eosinophils, at least in part through an autocrine pathway, and perhaps by interacting with B and T cells.