bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation of potentially novel species expands the genomic and functional diversity of Lachnospiraceae
Authors: Lin Xiaoqian , Hu Tongyuan , Wu Zhinan , Li Lingne , Wang Yuhao , Wen Dingyang , Liu Xudong , Li Wenxi , Liang Hewei , Jin Xin , Xu Xun , Wang Jian , Yang Huanming , Kristiansen Karsten , Xiao Liang , Zou Yuanqiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Lachnospiraceae family holds promise as a source of next‐generation probiotics, yet a comprehensive delineation of its diversity is lacking, hampering the identification of suitable strains for future applications. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted an in‐depth genomic and functional analysis of 1868 high‐quality genomes, combining data from public databases with our new isolates. This data set represented 387 colonization‐selective species‐level clusters, of which eight genera represented multilineage clusters. Pan‐genome analysis, single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identification, and probiotic functional predictions revealed that species taxonomy, habitats, and geography together shape the functional diversity of Lachnospiraceae. Moreover, analyses of associations with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) indicated that several strains of potentially novel Lachnospiraceae species possess the capacity to reduce the abundance of opportunistic pathogens, thereby imparting potential health benefits. Our findings shed light on the untapped potential of novel species enabling knowledge‐based selection of strains for the development of next‐generation probiotics holding promise for improving human health and disease management.
Inconvenient sampling: Community‐engaged and restorative justice approaches to genetic counseling student research
Authors: Zayhowski Kimberly , Glanton Emily , MacFarlane Ian M. , Pratt Rebekah , Lumpkins Crystal Y. , Zierhut Heather 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGenetic counseling research requires a comprehensive approach since it frequently serves as the foundation for clinical care practice. Genetic counseling students play a pivotal role in advancing the profession, as they contribute a significant proportion of the research conducted within the genetic counseling community. However, a prevailing trend of convenience sampling of genetic counselors has limited the diversity of perspectives in student research projects. This article promotes a strategy for greater inclusivity and equity in research by emphasizing community‐engaged and empowered research through the perspective of restorative justice. Reflecting on the shadow of the harmful ideologies of eugenics in our profession underscores the need to amplify patients' voices and diverse experiences. Community‐engaged research—in collaboration with individuals, families, and communities directly impacted by genetic counseling—transcends traditional research paradigms, empowering patients and addressing systemic inequities. Incorporating community‐engaged research into genetic counseling student projects aims to empower future professionals to better understand patient perspectives and needs while working toward addressing historical injustices. This article explores the potential benefits and pathways of incorporating community‐engaged research and restorative justice principles into genetic counseling scholarly work, promoting empathy, cultural responsiveness, and ultimately, a more patient‐centered approach to research and clinical care. By embracing this collective journey toward authentic partnership in the production of high‐quality evidence in genetic counseling student research and more broadly, genetic counseling can become a more just and inclusive practice.
Perceptions of poverty: Evaluating Multidimensional Poverty Assessment Tool derived rankings and global development indicators in five African nations
Authors: Minjauw Fanny , Rasheduzzaman Md , Baumgartner Philipp , Dorward Peter , Clarkson Graham , Cohen Alasdair 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study assessed an array of indicators for rural poverty assessments and evaluated use of the Multidimensional Poverty Assessment Tool (MPAT) as a proxy for commonly used indicators, such as the Human Development Index, Gross National Income, Global Hunger Index, and the Gender Inequality Index. MPAT data from 5322 rural households across five countries in Africa were analyzed. While MPAT aligned well with development indicators for Kenya, Lesotho, and Tanzania, this was not the case for Eswatini and Zimbabwe. Overall, MPAT‐based rankings correlated well with hunger, food security, and gender equality indicators. Our findings highlight the use of MPAT‐derived indices as valuable supplements for commonly used development indicators.
Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among the general adult population in Hong Kong
Authors: Ho Wendy C. S. , Boon Siaw S. , Chong Ka Chun , Lai Christopher K. C. , Sze Ryan K. H. , Khan Aaron T. K. , Xing Rachel L. , Sukarom Isaya , Wu Ying‐Hui , Chau Rene W. Y. , Chan Paul K. S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA cross‐sectional study in 2021−23 collected oral rinse gargle samples from an human papillomaviruses (HPV) vaccine‐naïve general adult population in Hong Kong. HPV was detected by a PCR using SPF10 primers, and genotyped by a linear array covering 25 genotypes. Epidemiologic information including sociodemographics, medical history, oral health, and sexual behavior were collected by a self‐administered questionnaire. Altogether, 2323 subjects aged 18−75 (median 47) years with 50.1% male were recruited. The prevalence for oral HPV infection with all genotypes combined, high‐risk, and low‐risk genotypes was 1.5%, 0.7%, and 0.7%, respectively; and with no statistically significant difference between participant gender. The prevalence increased with age and was highest in women at 45−54 years (2.7% for all genotypes combined), and highest in men aged >64 years (4.1% for all genotypes combined). HPV52 was the most common genotype among all participants. Univariate analysis suggested more lifetime sexual or oral sexual partners as risk factors, but they did not reach statistical significance upon multivariate analysis; whereas higher educational level had an independent protective effect. To conclude, oral HPV prevalence increased with age in Hong Kong. Strategies to prevent oral HPV infection and the associated cancers are urgently needed.
Classification of inertial sensor‐based gait patterns of orthopaedic conditions using machine learning: A pilot study
Authors: Dammeyer Constanze , Nüesch Corina , Visscher Rosa M. S. , Kim Yong K. , Ismailidis Petros , Wittauer Matthias , Stoffel Karl , Acklin Yves , Egloff Christian , Netzer Cordula , Mündermann Annegret 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElderly patients often have more than one disease that affects walking behavior. An objective tool to identify which disease is the main cause of functional limitations may aid clinical decision making. Therefore, we investigated whether gait patterns could be used to identify degenerative diseases using machine learning. Data were extracted from a clinical database that included sagittal joint angles and spatiotemporal parameters measured using seven inertial sensors, and anthropometric data of patients with unilateral knee or hip osteoarthritis, lumbar or cervical spinal stenosis, and healthy controls. Various classification models were explored using the MATLAB Classification Learner app, and the optimizable Support Vector Machine was chosen as the best performing model. The accuracy of discrimination between healthy and pathologic gait was 82.3%, indicating that it is possible to distinguish pathological from healthy gait. The accuracy of discrimination between the different degenerative diseases was 51.4%, indicating the similarities in gait patterns between diseases need to be further explored. Overall, the differences between pathologic and healthy gait are distinct enough to classify using a classical machine learning model; however, routinely recorded gait characteristics and anthropometric data are not sufficient for successful discrimination of the degenerative diseases.
Association between energy delivery from parenteral nutrition and refeeding syndrome in hospitalized adults: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Apiromruck Nichakarn , Kano Hasma , Taemkaew Kittithat , Ingviya Thammasin , Intusoma Utcharee , Churuangsuk Chaitong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) may develop refeeding syndrome (RFS). This study determined RFS prevalence in hospitalized adults on PN and evaluated whether higher energy delivered by PN on day 1 of PN initiation was associated with RFS development.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of adult patients receiving PN at a Thai quaternary hospital from June 2019 to May 2022. RFS was defined based on the Nutrition Management Clinical Practice Recommendation by the Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition of Thailand. The association between PN energy delivery and RFS development was determined using a generalized estimating equation for multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for NICE guideline risk factors.ResultsA total of 547 patients was included (mean age 59.8 ± 17.2 years, mean body mass index 20.7 ± 4.8 ). The prevalence of RFS was 45%. Factors associated with RFS included energy from PN on the first day of PN initiation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.17; 95% CI 1.04–1.33; for every 5 kcal/kg/day increase), starvation >5 days prior to PN (aOR 1.54; 95% CI 1.04–2.26), concomitant diuretic use (aOR 1.81; 95% CI 1.25–2.64), low baseline potassium level (aOR 1.79; 95% CI 1.19–2.70), and individual compounding PN (aOR 1.61; 95% CI 1.04–2.51).ConclusionRFS was common among hospitalized patients receiving PN. The amount of energy delivered on the first day of PN was independently associated with RFS, raising a concern regarding initiation of PN with higher energy.
Risk factors for reoperation for arthrofibrosis following primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Rahardja Richard , Love Hamish , Clatworthy Mark G. , Young Simon W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify the rate and risk factors for a reoperation for arthrofibrosis following primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.MethodsProspective data recorded in the New Zealand ACL Registry were cross‐referenced with data from the Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC). Primary ACL reconstructions performed between April 2014 and May 2021 were analysed. The ACC database was used to identify patients who underwent a reoperation for a diagnosis of arthrofibrosis. Multivariable survival analysis was performed to compute adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsA total of 12,296 primary ACL reconstructions were analysed, of which 230 underwent a reoperation for arthrofibrosis (1.9%) at a mean follow‐up of 3.6 years. A higher risk of arthrofibrosis was observed in females (aHR = 1.76, p = 0.001), patients with a history of previous knee surgery (aHR = 1.82, p = 0.04) and when a transtibial drilling technique was used (aHR = 1.53, p = 0.03). ACL reconstruction >6 months after injury had the lowest rate of arthrofibrosis (1.3%, aHR = 0.45, p = 0.01). There was no difference in risk between early surgery within 6 weeks versus delayed surgery between 6 weeks and 6 months after injury (2.9% versus 2.1%, aHR = 0.78, not significant).ConclusionFemale sex, previous knee surgery and a transtibial drilling technique increased the risk of reoperation for arthrofibrosis. Early surgery within 6 weeks of injury was not associated with an increased risk when compared with surgery between 6 weeks and 6 months after injury.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Giant Photon‐Drag‐Induced Ultrafast Photocurrent in Diamond for Nonlinear Photonics
Authors: Xue Xinyi , Du Wanyi , Tao Wei , Huang Yuanyuan , Lei Zhen , Zhu Lipeng , Zou Yuxiao , Liu Ying , Liu Gangqin , Gu Changzhi , Li Yunliang , Quan Baogang , Xu Xinlong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiamond is emerging as an attractive third‐generation wide‐bandgap semiconductor for future on‐chip nonlinear photonics and quantum optics due to its unique thermal, optical, and mechanical properties. However, the light‐driven current under below‐band gap excitation from the second‐order nonlinear optical effect in diamond is still challenging. Herein, a giant second‐order nonlinear photocurrent is observed in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond by utilizing terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy. This ultrafast photocurrent originates from the photon drag effect (PDE), during which the momentum transfer from the incident photons to the charge carriers at the rich grain boundaries of the CVD diamond after the exclusive subgap π–π* transition upon femtosecond laser excitation. Especially, the interplay between circular and linear PDE to the THz generation is clarified and distinguished under elliptically polarized light excitation. Furthermore, the picosecond ultrafast dynamics of these charge carriers are also verified by infrared spectroscopy. Owing to the giant photon‐drag‐induced ultrafast photocurrent, the CVD diamond presents the highest THz emission efficiency compared with the reported carbon allotropes, which expands the new functionality of diamond nonlinear photonics into on‐chip THz devices.
Global Perceptions and Utilization of Clinical Neurophysiology in Movement Disorders
Authors: Kassavetis Panagiotis , Chen Robert , Ganos Christos , Hallett Mark , Hamada Masashi , Latorre Anna , Pal Pramod Kumar , Schwingenschuh Petra , Vial Felipe , Tijssen Marina A. , Merchant Shabbir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundClinical neurophysiology (CNP) involves the use of neurophysiological techniques to make an accurate clinical diagnosis, to quantify the severity, and to measure the treatment response. Despite several studies showing CNP to be a useful diagnostic tool in Movement Disorders (MD), its more widespread utilization in clinical practice has been limited.ObjectivesTo better understand the current availability, global perceptions, and challenges for implementation of diagnostic CNP in the clinical practice of MD.MethodsThe International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society (IPMDS) formed a Task Force on CNP. The Task Force distributed an online survey via email to all the members of the IPMDS between August 5 and 30, 2021. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis of the survey results. Some results are presented by IPMDS geographical sections namely PanAmerican (PAS), European (ES), African (AFR), Asian and Oceanian (AOS).ResultsFour hundred and ninety‐one IPMDS members (52% males), from 196 countries, responded. The majority of responders from the AFR (65%) and PAS (63%) sections had no formal training in diagnostic CNP (40% for AOS and 37% for ES). The most commonly used techniques are electroencephalography (EEG) (72%) followed by surface EMG (71%). The majority of responders think that CNP is somewhat valuable or very valuable in the assessment of MD. All the sections identified “lack of training” as one of the biggest challenges for diagnostic CNP studies in MD.ConclusionsCNP is perceived to be a useful diagnostic tool in MD. Several challenges were identified that prevent widespread utilization of CNP in MD.
Brainstem nuclei responsive to cystometry in both endometriosis and cystitis rat models: C‐fos immunohistochemistry study
Authors: Bashkami Ayah A. , Kaddumi Ezidin G. , Al‐Saghbini Mohamad , Kenana Afnan J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeAlthough the co‐occurrence of interstitial cystitis (IC) and endometriosis (ENDO) is remarkably high, the exact pathophysiology for this co‐occurrence is unknown. The convergence of the inputs from the involved structures to the same neuronal centers may suggest neuronal hyperexcitability as a mechanism for this co‐occurrence.MethodsThe present study aimed to investigate the association between IC and ENDO, by studying the changes in brainstem responses to cystometry in a rat model of ENDO and cyclophosphamide (CYP)‐induced IC using c‐fos immunohistochemistry.ResultsFollowing cystometry the brainstem areas that had significant increase in c‐fos expression in ENDO alone included: periaqueductal gray (PAG) nuclei, dorsal raphe nucleus, raphe obscurus nucleus, kolliker‐ Fuse areas, and area postrema. However, the brainstem areas that had increased significantly in the c‐fos expression in the ENDO and CYP treated animals included: gigantocellular nucleus, lateral paragigantocellular nucleus, caudoventrolateral nucleus, rostroventrolateral/caudoventrolateral nucleus, lateral reticular nucleus, locus coeruleus, lateral PAG, raphe pallidus nucleus, raphe magnus nucleus, rostroventrolateral nucleus, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, and solitary tract nucleus. Whereas only lateral parabrachial nucleus showed significant increase in c‐fos expression in CYP treated animals alone.ConclusionsThe results of the present study demonstrate the overlap of brainstem nuclei that are excited by urinary bladder under ENDO and IC conditions. The pattern of hyperexcitability of the brainstem nuclei may help in understating the pathophysiology of IC and ENDO conditions.
A comprehensive dimensional analysis of waste‐derived reinforcements in interface interactions with semi‐bio‐based PA6,10 composites
Authors: Dericiler Kuray , Saner Okan Burcu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study elucidates interfacial interactions in semi‐synthetic polyamides by applying dimensional analysis to graphene derived from waste sources like coffee, tires, and chopped carbon fiber resulting in lightweight and high‐performance composites. Graphene from tires in platelet form (GNP), graphene from coffee in spherical form (CWC), and carbon fiber bundles (CF) were incorporated into Polyamide 6,10 (PA6,10) with high‐shear mixer by examining the optimum loading ratio for each reinforcement through interface characterization. At the same loading ratios, specific flexural properties are significantly enhanced when employing high aspect ratio CF reinforcement, while the platelet structure of GNP is more effective in improving specific tensile properties. Additionally, the spherical graphene of CWC exhibited the highest crystallinity, along with CF. In addition, sustainable PA6,10‐based compounds reinforced with waste‐derived materials were compared to commercial synthetic PA6‐based compounds with similar thermal and mechanical characteristics. The research revealed that the addition of 20 wt% CWC to the PA6,10 matrix outperforms commercial synthetic compounds by providing lightweight in terms of specific tensile. The findings of this study demonstrate that effectively incorporating waste‐derived reinforcing materials into semi‐synthetic composites presents a promising strategy to improve performance and serve as viable alternatives to commercial products through tailored waste‐derived reinforcement, particularly in applications that require lightweight and robust load‐bearing capabilities.Highlights
Waste‐based reinforcements are sustainable alternatives to synthetic materials
Size and aspect ratio of reinforcements give varying strengthening mechanisms
Tailorable mechanical performance through different waste‐based reinforcements
Waste‐based reinforcements offer lightweight for automotive composites
Lightweight and sustainable composites can replace commercial products
Viable and Stable Compact Stellar Structures in f(Q,T)$f(\mathcal {Q},\mathcal {T})$ Theory
Authors: Gul M. Zeeshan , Sharif M. , Arooj Adeeba 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of gravity on the geometry of anisotropic compact stellar objects, where is non‐metricity and is the trace of the energy‐momentum tensor. In this perspective, the physically viable non‐singular solutions to examine the configuration of static spherically symmetric structures is used. A specific model of this theory to examine various physical quantities in the interior of the proposed compact stars (CSs) is considered. These quantities include fluid parameters, anisotropy, energy constraints, equation of state parameters, mass, compactness, and redshift. The Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation is used to examine the equilibrium state of stellar models, while the stability of the proposed CSs is investigated through sound speed and adiabatic index methods. It is found that the proposed CSs are viable and stable in the context of this theory.
Exploring the co‐activity of FDA approved drug gemcitabine and docetaxel for enhanced anti‐breast cancer activity: DFT, docking, molecular dynamics simulation and pharmacophore studies
Authors: Sukumaran Sureba , Zochedh Azar , Chandran Kaliraj , Sultan Asath Bahadur , Kathiresan Thandavarayan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCombining FDA‐approved medications may increase biological activity by simultaneously targeting many protein mechanisms while being less toxic. Gemcitabine and docetaxel together might have a synergistic impact that kills cancer cells and makes them more effective against breast cancer. This study used the foundation set B3LYP/6–311 G to optimize the gemcitabine with the docetaxel structure that was created. Theoretical calculations were made for the ultraviolet to visible spectrum were studied in gas and liquid phase. The structural stability and reactivity of the combined structure were studied using the energy gap between HOMO and LUMO, and the computed energy gap (ΔE) was 4.219 eV. The electrostatic potential of complex structure was determined and the Mulliken charge population was evaluated. Through RDG analysis weak interactions of GEDT was evaluated and topology properties were studied through ELF and LOL analysis. Breast cancer target proteins were utilized in the molecular docking studies. The docking scores revealed a greater binding affinity for the complex molecule, confirming a superior combinatorial interaction between gemcitabine and docetaxel. Highest binding ability of the GEDT was against Caspase‐6 and the network analysis of Caspase‐6 was assessed through graph theory model. The stability of GEDT with Caspase‐6 was studied through molecular dynamic simulation for 100 ns. The adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity characteristics of the complex structure were investigated, and the findings revealed the complex lead compound's safety profile and its potential for use as a potent anticancer medication.