bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of high impedance resonators in dirty dielectric environments
Authors: Ungerer J. H. , Sarmah D. , Kononov A. , Ridderbos J. , Haller R. , Cheung L. Y. , Schönenberger C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh-impedance resonators are a promising contender for realizing long-distance entangling gates between spin qubits. Often, the fabrication of spin qubits relies on the use of gate dielectrics which are detrimental to the quality of the resonator. Here, we investigate loss mechanisms of high-impedance NbTiN resonators in the vicinity of thermally grown SiO2 and Al2O3 fabricated by atomic layer deposition. We benchmark the resonator performance in elevated magnetic fields and at elevated temperatures and find that the internal quality factors are limited by the coupling between the resonator and two-level systems of the employed oxides. Nonetheless, the internal quality factors of high-impedance resonators exceed 103 in all investigated oxide configurations which implies that the dielectric configuration would not limit the performance of resonators integrated in a spin-qubit device. Because these oxides are commonly used for spin qubit device fabrication, our results allow for straightforward integration of high-impedance resonators into spin-based quantum processors. Hence, these experiments pave the way for large-scale, spin-based quantum computers.
FLUID CHARACTERISTICS AND POLISHING EXPERIMENT OF INCLINED HOLE ARRAY USING ABRASIVE WATER FLOW
Authors: XIAO LIJUN , TANG YANGYANG , LIU ZHUANG , GAO CHANGSHUI , SHENG CHAO 
Published: October 2023

Inclined hole arrays on superalloys have important applications in aeroengines. However, defects occur during fabrication of inclined holes using thermal drilling methods, i.e. electrical discharge drilling (EDD), including a recast layer and microcracks on the hole wall. Therefore, abrasive water flow polishing (AWFP) of a superalloy inclined hole array machined via EDD was investigated in this study. Two types of specimens were designed: a hole array of identical size and a hole array with an identical inclination angle. The fluid simulation revealed that the fluid velocity and pressure on the lower edge of the inclined hole were significantly higher than those on the upper edge when the fluid flowed forward. The fluid characteristics exhibited opposite trends when backward flow was implemented. Time-division bidirectional flow can effectively compensate for flow field nonuniformity and improve material removal consistency during polishing. The experimental results show that for inclined holes with identical inclination angles, the size expansion decreases with an increase in the hole diameter owing to the lower fluid velocity and material removal volume in the relatively larger holes. Consequently, surface roughness Ra increases with hole size. For inclined holes with identical diameters, the size expansions of the entrance and exit approach the same level; whereas, Ra decreased with an increase in the inclination angle. The hole taper slightly reduced in all cases. Using garnet abrasives with 1300 mesh size, 1.5 wt.% abrasive concentration, and 3 MPa fluid pressure, the surface roughness Ra of target holes was reduced from pre-polishing [Formula: see text] 5.0 [Formula: see text]m to approximately post-polishing 1.0 [Formula: see text]m. The recast layer on the hole wall caused by EDD was completely removed.
Transient Attacks Against the VMG-KLJN Secure Key Exchanger
Authors: Ferdous Shahriar , Kish Laszlo B. 
Published: October 2023

The security vulnerability of the Vadai, Mingesz, and Gingl (VMG) Kirchhoff–Law–Johnson–Noise (KLJN) key exchanger, as presented in the publication “Nature, Science Report 5 (2015) 13653”, has been exposed to transient attacks. Recently an effective defense protocol was introduced (Appl. Phys. Lett. 122 (2023) 143503) to counteract mean-square voltage-based (or mean-square current-based) transient attacks targeted at the ideal KLJN framework.In this study, this same mitigation methodology has been employed to fortify the security of the VMG-KLJN key exchanger. It is worth noting that the protective measures need to be separately implemented for the HL and LH scenarios. This conceptual framework is corroborated through computer simulations, demonstrating that the application of this defensive technique substantially mitigates information leakage to a point of insignificance.
A topological property of a hypergraph assigned to commutative rings
Authors: Selvakumar K. , Beautlin Jemi J. , Moniri Hamzekolaee A. R. 
Published: October 2023

Studying algebraic structures via graphs and hypergraphs assigned to them can be of interest. Especially, computing the genus of a graph as a topological index leads to a better understanding of the related algebraic structure. In this direction we apply a hypergraph, namely [Formula: see text]-zero divisor hypergraph assigned to a commutative ring and study its genus. In this paper, we characterize all finite commutative nonlocal rings [Formula: see text] with identity whose [Formula: see text] has genus two. Further, we classify all finite commutative nonlocal rings [Formula: see text] whose [Formula: see text] has crosscap two. Moreover, we provide a MATLAB code for calculating [Formula: see text]-zero-divisor of [Formula: see text] and the hyperedge of [Formula: see text]-zero-divisor hypergraph of [Formula: see text].
Automorphisms of Veronese subalgebras of polynomial algebras and free Poisson algebras
Authors: Aitzhanova Bakhyt , Makar-Limanov Leonid , Umirbaev Ualbai 
Published: October 2023

The Veronese subalgebra [Formula: see text] of degree [Formula: see text] of the polynomial algebra [Formula: see text] over a field [Formula: see text] in the variables [Formula: see text] is the subalgebra of [Formula: see text] generated by all monomials of degree [Formula: see text] and the Veronese subalgebra [Formula: see text] of degree [Formula: see text] of the free Poisson algebra [Formula: see text] is the subalgebra spanned by all homogeneous elements of degree [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. If [Formula: see text] then every derivation and every locally nilpotent derivation of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] over a field [Formula: see text] of characteristic zero is induced by a derivation and a locally nilpotent derivation of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Moreover, we prove that every automorphism of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] over a field [Formula: see text] closed with respect to taking all [Formula: see text]-roots of elements is induced by an automorphism of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively.
Authenticated Range Querying of Historical Blockchain Healthcare Data Using Authenticated Multi-Version Index
Authors: Linoy Shlomi , Ray Suprio , Stakhanova Natalia , Scheme Erik 
Published: October 2023

With growing adoption of blockchain in established and emerging applications, there is an increasing need to support efficient ad hoc querying of authenticated historical data. This is especially true in fields such as healthcare to meet the rigorous security and regulatory requirements of ever-expanding digital health platforms. Existing blockchain systems, however, offer little or no support for querying capabilities over historical data. Although a full blockchain archive node can be used to maintain historical records of all executed transactions on the chain, it is not scalable when dealing with large volumes of data. Moreover, such ‘offline’ historical data lack tamper evidence support.
To address these issues, we introduce an authenticated index structure called Authenticated Multi-Version Skip List (AMVSL), designed to support a rich set of query features over historical blockchain data. We further present three range queries: SVRK, MVRK, and MVAK, which offer querying over a range of keys and a range of versions. Our experimental evaluation of two healthcare-inspired examples demonstrates that AMVSL efficiently supports these queries and can achieve performance that is several orders of magnitude faster than existing authenticated data structures.
Pliability and Approximating Max-CSPs
Authors: Romero Miguel , Wrochna Marcin , Živný Stanislav 
Published: October 2023

We identify a sufficient condition,
treewidth-pliability
, that gives a polynomial-time algorithm for an arbitrarily good approximation of the optimal value in a large class of Max-2-CSPs parameterised by the class of allowed constraint graphs (with arbitrary constraints on an unbounded alphabet). Our result applies more generally to the maximum homomorphism problem between two rational-valued structures.

The condition unifies the two main approaches for designing a polynomial-time approximation scheme. One is Baker’s layering technique, which applies to sparse graphs such as planar or excluded-minor graphs. The other is based on Szemerédi’s regularity lemma and applies to dense graphs. We extend the applicability of both techniques to new classes of Max-CSPs. However, we prove that the condition cannot be used to find solutions (as opposed to approximating the optimal value) in general.
Treewidth-pliability turns out to be a robust notion that can be defined in several equivalent ways, including characterisations via size, treedepth, or the Hadwiger number. We show connections to the notions of fractional-treewidth-fragility from structural graph theory, hyperfiniteness from the area of property testing, and regularity partitions from the theory of dense graph limits. These may be of independent interest. In particular, we show that a monotone class of graphs is hyperfinite if and only if it is fractionally-treewidth-fragile and has bounded degree.
Progressively Enhancing Stemness of Adoptively Transferred T Cells with PI3Kδ Blockade Improves Metabolism and Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Rangel Rivera Guillermo O. , Dwyer Connor J. , Knochelmann Hannah M. , Smith Aubrey S. , Aksoy Bülent Arman , Cole Anna C. , Wyatt Megan M. , Kumaresan Soundharya , Thaxton Jessica E. , Lesinski Gregory B. , Paulos Chrystal M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Generating stem-like memory T cells (TSCM) is a potential strategy to improve adoptive immunotherapy. Elucidating optimal ways to modulate signaling pathways that enrich TSCM properties could identify approaches to achieve this goal. We discovered herein that blocking the PI3Kδ pathway pharmaceutically to varying degrees can generate T cells with increasingly heightened stemness properties, based on the progressive enrichment of the transcription factors Tcf1 and Lef1. T cells with enhanced stemness features exhibited metabolic plasticity, marked by improved mitochondrial function and glucose uptake after tumor recognition. Conversely, T cells with low or medium stemness were less metabolically dynamic, vulnerable to antigen-induced cell death, and expressed more inhibitory checkpoint receptors. Only T-cell receptor–specific or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-specific T cells with high stemness persisted in vivo and mounted protective immunity to tumors. Likewise, the strongest level of PI3Kδ blockade in vitro generated human tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CAR T cells with elevated stemness properties, in turn bolstering their capacity to regress human solid tumors. The stemness level of T cells in vitro was important, ultimately impacting their efficacy in mice bearing three distinct solid tumors. Lef1 and Tcf1 sustained antitumor protection by donor high CD8+ TSCM or CD4+ Th17SCM, as deletion of either one compromised the therapeutic efficacy. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of strategic modulation of PI3Kδ signaling in T cells to induce stemness and lasting protective responses to solid tumors.

Significance:
Elevating T-cell stemness by progressively blocking PI3Kδ signaling during ex vivo manufacturing of adoptive cell therapies alters metabolic and functional properties to enhance antitumor immunity dependent on Tcf1 and Lef1.
Durvalumab ± Tremelimumab + Platinum-Etoposide in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (CASPIAN): Outcomes by PD-L1 Expression and Tissue Tumor Mutational Burden
Authors: Paz-Ares Luis , Garassino Marina Chiara , Chen Yuanbin , Reinmuth Niels , Hotta Katsuyuki , Poltoratskiy Artem , Trukhin Dmytro , Hochmair Maximilian J. , Özgüroğlu Mustafa , Ji Jun Ho , Statsenko Galina , Conev Nikolay , Bondarenko Igor , Havel Libor , Losonczy György , Xie Mingchao , Lai Zhongwu , Godin-Heymann Nadia , Mann Helen , Jiang Haiyi , Shrestha Yashaswi , Goldman Jonathan W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
In the CASPIAN trial, first-line durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide (EP) significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus EP alone in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We report exploratory analyses of CASPIAN outcomes by programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression and tissue tumor mutational burden (tTMB).

Experimental Design:
Patients were randomized (1:1:1) to durvalumab (1,500 mg) plus EP, durvalumab plus tremelimumab (75 mg) plus EP, or EP alone. Treatment effects in PD-L1 and tTMB subgroups were estimated using an unstratified Cox proportional hazards model.

Results:
The PD-L1 and tTMB biomarker-evaluable populations (BEP) comprised 54.4% (438/805) and 35.2% (283/805) of the intention-to-treat population, respectively. PD-L1 prevalence was low: 5.7%, 25.8%, and 28.3% had PD-L1 expression on ≥1% tumor cells (TC), ≥1% immune cells (IC), and ≥1% TCs or ICs, respectively. OS benefit with durvalumab plus EP versus EP was similar across PD-L1 subgroups, with HRs all falling within the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the PD-L1 BEP (0.47‒0.79). OS benefit with durvalumab plus tremelimumab plus EP versus EP was greater in PD-L1 ≥1% versus &lt;1% subgroups, although CIs overlapped. There was no evidence of an interaction between tTMB and treatment effect on OS (durvalumab plus EP vs. EP, P = 0.916; durvalumab plus tremelimumab plus EP vs. EP, P = 0.672).

Conclusions:
OS benefit with first-line durvalumab plus EP in patients with ES-SCLC was observed regardless of PD-L1 or tTMB status. PD-L1 expression may prove to be a useful biomarker for combined treatment with PD-(L)1 and CTLA-4 inhibition, although this requires confirmation with an independent dataset.
See related commentary by Rolfo and Russo, p. 652
Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeted Radioligand Therapy with 177Lu-EB-FAPI for Metastatic Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer: First-in-Human, Dose-Escalation Study
Authors: Fu Hao , Huang Jingxiong , Zhao Tianzhi , Wang Hongjian , Chen Yuhang , Xu Weizhi , Pang Yizhen , Guo Wei , Sun Long , Wu Hua , Xu Pengfei , Su Bishan , Zhang Jingjing , Chen Xiaoyuan , Chen Haojun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a promising target for tumor treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of the albumin binder-conjugated FAP-targeted radiopharmaceutical, 177Lu-EB-FAPI (177Lu-LNC1004), in patients with metastatic radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer (mRAIR-TC).

Patients and Methods:
This open-label, non-randomized, first-in-human, dose-escalation, investigator-initiated trial had a 3+3 design and involved a 6-week 177Lu-LNC1004 treatment cycle in patients with mRAIR-TC at 2.22 GBq initially, with subsequent cohorts receiving an incremental 50% dose increase until dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed.

Results:
177Lu-LNC1004 administration was well tolerated, with no life-threatening adverse events observed. No patients experienced DLT in Group A (2.22 GBq/cycle). One patient experienced grade 4 thrombocytopenia in Group B (3.33 GBq/cycle); hence, another three patients were enrolled, none of whom experienced DLT. Two patients experienced grade 3 and 4 hematotoxicity in Group C (4.99 GBq/cycle). The mean whole-body effective dose was 0.17 ± 0.04 mSv/MBq. Intense 177Lu-LNC1004 uptake and prolonged tumor retention resulted in high mean absorbed tumor doses (8.50 ± 12.36 Gy/GBq). The mean effective half-lives for the whole-body and tumor lesions were 90.20 ± 7.68 and 92.46 ± 9.66 hours, respectively. According to RECIST, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease were observed in 3 (25%), 7 (58%), and 2 (17%) patients, respectively. The objective response and disease control rates were 25% and 83%, respectively.

Conclusions:
FAP-targeted radioligand therapy with 177Lu-LNC1004 at 3.33 GBq/cycle was well tolerated in patients with advanced mRAIR-TC, with high radiation dose delivery to the tumor lesions, encouraging therapeutic efficacy, and acceptable side effects.
Disrupted Binding of Cystathionine γ-Lyase to p53 Promotes Endothelial Senescence
Authors: Hu Jiong , Leisegang Matthias S. , Looso Mario , Drekolia Maria-Kyriaki , Wittig Janina , Mettner Janina , Karantanou Christina , Kyselova Anastasia , Dumbović Gabrijela , Li Xiaoming , Li Yuanyuan , Guenther Stefan , John David , Siragusa Mauro , Zukunft Sven , Oo James A. , Wittig Ilka , Hille Susanne , Weigert Andreas , Knapp Stefan , Brandes Ralf P. , Müller Oliver J. , Papapetropoulos Andreas , Sigala Fragiska , Dobreva Gergana , Kojonazarov Baktybek , Fleming Ingrid , Bibli Sofia-Iris 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Advanced age is unequivocally linked to the development of cardiovascular disease; however, the mechanisms resulting in reduced endothelial cell regeneration remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated novel mechanisms involved in endothelial cell senescence that impact endothelial cell transcription and vascular repair after injury.

METHODS:
Native endothelial cells were isolated from young (20±3.4 years) and aged (80±2.3 years) individuals and subjected to molecular analyses to assess global transcriptional and metabolic changes. In vitro studies were conducted using primary human and murine endothelial cells. A murine aortic re-endothelialization model was used to examine endothelial cell regenerative capacity in vivo.

RESULTS:
RNA sequencing of native endothelial cells revealed that aging resulted in p53-mediated reprogramming to express senescence-associated genes and suppress glycolysis. Reduced glucose uptake and ATP contributed to attenuated assembly of the telomerase complex, which was required for endothelial cell proliferation. Enhanced p53 activity in aging was linked to its acetylation on K120 due to enhanced activity of the acetyltransferase MOZ (monocytic leukemic zinc finger). Mechanistically, p53 acetylation and translocation were, at least partially, attributed to the loss of the vasoprotective enzyme, CSE (cystathionine γ-lyase). CSE physically anchored p53 in the cytosol to prevent its nuclear translocation and CSE absence inhibited AKT (Protein kinase B)-mediated MOZ phosphorylation, which in turn increased MOZ activity and subsequently p53 acetylation. In mice, the endothelial cell–specific deletion of CSE activated p53, induced premature endothelial senescence, and arrested vascular repair after injury. In contrast, the adeno-associated virus 9–mediated re-expression of an active CSE mutant retained p53 in the cytosol, maintained endothelial glucose metabolism and proliferation, and prevented endothelial cell senescence. Adenoviral overexpression of CSE in native endothelial cells from aged individuals maintained low p53 activity and reactivated telomerase to revert endothelial cell senescence.

CONCLUSIONS:
Aging-associated impairment of vascular repair is partly determined by the vasoprotective enzyme CSE.
Resolvin E1/ChemR23 Protects Against Hypertension and Vascular Remodeling in Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertensive Mice
Authors: Zhang Jishou , Yin Zheng , Xu Yao , Wei Cheng , Peng Shanshan , Zhao Mengmeng , Liu Jianfang , Xu Shuwan , Pan Wei , Zheng Zihui , Liu Siqi , Ye Jing , Qin Juan-Juan , Wan Jun , Wang Menglong 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Inflammation plays a critical role in the development of hypertension and vascular remodeling. Resolvin E1 (RvE1), as one of the specialized proresolving lipid mediators, promotes inflammation resolution by binding with a G protein-coupled receptor, ChemR23 (chemerin receptor 23). However, whether RvE1/ChemR23 regulates hypertension and vascular remodeling is unknown.

METHODS:
Hypertension in mice was induced by Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion (750 ng/kg per minute), and RvE1 (2 µg/kg per day) was administered through intraperitoneal injection. Loss of ChemR23 was achieved by mice receiving intravenous injection of adeno-associated virus 9-encoding shRNA against ChemR23.

RESULTS:
Aortic ChemR23 expression was increased in Ang II-induced hypertensive mice and that ChemR23 was mainly expressed on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). RvE1 lowered blood pressure, reduced aortic media thickness, attenuated aortic fibrosis, and mitigated VSMC phenotypic transformation and proliferation in hypertensive mice, which were all reversed by the knockdown of ChemR23. Moreover, RvE1 reduced the aortic infiltration of macrophages and T cells, which was also reversed by ChemR23 knockdown. RvE1 inhibited Ccl5 expression in VSMCs via the AMPKα (AMP-activated protein kinase α)/Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2)/canonical NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) pathway, thereby reducing the infiltration of macrophages and T cells. The AMPKα/Nrf2 pathway also mediated the effects of RvE1 on VSMC phenotypic transformation and proliferation. In patients with hypertension, the serum levels of RvE1 and other eicosapentaenoic acid-derived metabolites were significantly decreased.

CONCLUSIONS:
RvE1/ChemR23 ameliorated hypertension and vascular remodeling by activating AMPKα/Nrf2 signaling, which mediated immune cell infiltration by inhibiting the canonical NF-κB/Ccl5 pathway, and regulated VSMC proliferation and phenotypic transformation. RvE1/ChemR23 may be a potential therapeutic target for hypertension.
A Further Note on the Alleged Egyptian Etymology of Sabaoth
Authors: Theis Christoffer 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This note provides further arguments against a proposed Egyptian etymology of the divine name or title צְבָאוֹת (ṣᵉbāʾōt), as initially proposed by Manfred Görg, and expands a recent article by Giuseppina Lenzo and Christophe Nihan.