bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mid-Century Masculinities: Presentation as Subtext in Photoplay January 1955
Authors: Hood Lisa 
Published: January 2024

Victor Mature’s film career spanned 1939-1984, covering roles in a wide range of genres. Despite this versatility, by 1961 he had ceased consistent output. Even during the mid-1950s when his work still seemed to be flourishing, a Photoplay article cast doubt on Mature’s potential for career longevity. This chapter will consider the layout and placement of the article, interrogating whether its position within the magazine, selection of pictures, and production in colour or black and white, related to Mature’s status in Hollywood. Comparisons are made with other stars in the issue, including Rock Hudson and Marlon Brando, and also with issues of Photoplay from 1942, the point when Mature’s magazine mentions were most numerous. As the chapter will show, Mature’s peak seemed to come only three years into his career and was boosted by the star power of his female leads, in particular Betty Grable and Rita Hayworth. Even at the pinnacle of his career, then, Mature’s fame was perhaps only partial or by association with his leading ladies, which maps on to the traditional downplaying of male stars within Hollywood movie magazines.
Tyrone Power: International ‘Cover Boy’
Authors: Kelly Gillian 
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores Hollywood leading man Tyrone Power’s presence in fan magazines across his career, and the abundance of magazine covers he graced, at a time when most covers depicted women stars or romantic on-screen couples. Celebrated for his exquisite male beauty, Power adorned the cover of numerous publications globally for over twenty years, starting as early as his first leading role in Lloyds of London in 1936 and extending until his death in 1958, while his career was still active and his good looks remained evident. Moreover, Power also appeared frequently within these magazines, with early articles focusing almost exclusively on his love life. After he married French actress Annabella, fan magazines began exploring the Powers’ domesticity, before reporting on Power’s active war duty during World War II. Power divorced Annabella shortly after returning from war, and when he started dating again, fan magazines reverted to stories about his new bachelorhood, with detailed coverage of his highest-profile romances. Power thus occupies the usual space of the female star both on the fan magazine cover and in the gossip and romantic narrative sections inside.
The Missing Piece: Imaginary Audiences in the Ecran Fan Magazine of the 1940S
Authors: Peirano María Paz , Bossay Claudia 
Published: January 2024

This chapter investigates the image of local audiences constructed by Chilean fan magazines, particularly Ecran, one of the few specialised written and visual sources of the 1940s. It argues that Ecran’s strategies to engage with readers allow scholars to observe audiences through the eyes of the press, by analysing direct references, such as editors’ descriptions and impressions expressed in screening reports, and forms of reader participation, including letters and local contests. These audiences’ actual appearances contrast to the ideal social images that Ecran communicated through advertising, photographs, and Hollywood reports, which created expectations and desires for modernity not always corresponding to the audiences encoded in the pages of the magazine. Exploring such rifts provides valuable information not only on the actual behaviour of local cinemagoers but particularly on media strategies and negotiations to respond to imaginary spectators. Although magazines have hardly been explored in local film history, these results suggest that they might shed some light on a missing piece – that of local readers and cinemagoers – especially considering the absence of data about historical audiences in Chile.
Turkey and the Syrian Crisis
Authors: Özcan Gencer , Özel Soli 
Published: January 2024

This chapter integrate both Turkish domestic politics and regional developments to analyse the evolution of Ankara’s Syria policy after 2011. Turkey’s position toward Syria reflected its ‘zero problems with neighbours’ policy at the outset of the Arab uprisings. This changed as the uprisings swept across the region producing the belief in Ankara that major changes were likely to take place in Damascus that would benefit Turkey’s regional standing. The chapter examine the interplay between Turkey’s domestic politics and regional developments to explain the dramatic changes in its Syria policy from ‘zero problems,’ to regime change, to accommodation with Russia and Iran, to one of seeking to prevent the emergence of a Kurdish political entity on Turkey’s southern border.
The Game of the World
Authors: Axelos Kostas 
Published: January 2024

Drawing on philosophies of gaming and play from Heraclitus and Plato through to Marx, Nietzsche and Heidegger, Kostas Axelos outlines an extraordinary, unique vision of our contemporary world. Originally published in 1969, The Game of the World brilliantly anticipates a 21st century in which ever-accelerating technological transformations coincide with a world at play and in play, at once fragmentary and totalised, disordered and hyper-organised. In the midst of this paradoxical and deranging becoming-planetary of the world, Axelos offers a sequence of profound meditations on play and playing, games and gaming, directing us towards new means of thinking and action that may enable us to face the world-historical challenges of our own present.
Send in the Clones? Naomi Mitchison and the Politics of Reproduction and Motherhood
Authors: Hall Lesley A. 
Published: January 2024

Naomi Mitchison was positioned centrally within twentieth century debates about reproduction. She was the sister of Communist geneticist J. B. S. Haldane; the enthusiastic mother of seven children; a birth control activist and a very sceptical member of the Eugenics Society; part of the feminist circle around the journal Time and Tide; and involved in socialist politics. While issues around motherhood were significant in her earlier historical and realist fiction, during the 1960s she turned to science fiction to explore questions of breeding and reproduction further. This essay will incorporate a discussion of her 1930s writings on and activism in birth control and opinions on eugenics into the later developments of these themes in her speculative fictions. In Memoirs of a Spacewoman and Solution Three she addressed intriguing questions about parenthood and reproduction from a possibly unique perspective, elaborating intersections between a wide range of theories, beliefs and ideologies, from Edwardian feminist arguments for free mate choice, via interwar eugenics, to the implications of the discovery of DNA.
Making an Impression Deeply: Authorising Animals in D. H. Lawrence
Authors: Rohman Carrie 
Published: January 2024

My recent work on concepts of the bioaesthetic has led to an interest in the question of animal “authority” in modernist literature. How are animals represented or experienced as authorizing and as “authors” in literature of the modernist period? What qualities of authority are called upon when animals become sources of sanctioning, knowledge, or permission in literary work? Moreover, if we re-frame something like Foucault’s outlining of an “author-function” in discursive practices to accommodate animal authority, the question of the author becomes a much more radically open question than Foucault could have anticipated. What replaces the apotheosis of écriture in an animalized framework? Is it Derrida’s animot? Is it a zoopoetics that bears witness to humans’ entanglement with life, as a repressed or disavowed “given” of writing? How do animal authorities profoundly affect the kinship between writing and death that Foucault (and Barthes) elaborate? This chapter explores moments of animal “authority” in D. H. Lawrence’s work such as the rabbit’s scratch in Women in Love, that can be read in relation to theories of literacy, and the “piercing” beaks of birds in poems from Birds, Beasts, and Flowers, that suggest a blood-conscious animal marking or tracing. The chapter takes excess, surplus, and “overkill” imaginaries, alongside intemperate creatural forces, to be important sites of inquiry in modernism.
The Taxidermic Imaginary in Modernist Literature
Authors: Fagan Paul 
Published: January 2024

This chapter, maps the diverse, shifting poetics and politics of taxidermy in modernist literary expression: it begins by arguing that, despite the animal and new materialist turns of modernist studies in recent years, the specific function of taxidermy for modernism’s intersecting engagements with representation, authenticity, the nonhuman, colonialism, race, gender, and class have been critically under-evaluated and under-theorised. While its place as part of the modernist nonhuman imaginary has been side lined owing to its perceived status as kitsch and its association with the genres of eco-horror and body horror, this chapter claims that once reframed under a new materialist focus, we begin to see taxidermy’s significance to modernism as a limitrophic site, in which the discursive borders of the human and the nonhuman, living and dead matter, are undermined and redirected in ways that are directly relevant to the recurrent modernist themes of spectrality, posthumanity, and conversion (becoming other).This chapter will trace a transition from a realist Victorian taxidermal imaginary, in which the stuffed and flayed animal body is conceived in terms of commodity and utility, to an emergent modernist emphasis on the taxidermized animal as a figure of uncanny inauthenticity, a collection of untrustworthy and deceitful signifiers.
Afterword: The Animal in the Mirror
Authors: Weil Kari 
Published: January 2024

Mirror recognition has been tested on dozens of species of animals to judge whether a species or individual has a sense of self. The test, however, might just as well be tried on humans since misrecognition, as Lacan has theorised, is the inevitable outcome. Perhaps this is also what Virginia Woolf theorizes when she recounts in ‘A Sketch of the Past,’ an incident (or it may have been a dream) where she was looking in a glass and “a horrible face—the face of an animal—suddenly showed over my shoulder”. Was this animal face truly ‘an other face’ or was it perhaps the shamed face she says that she tries to avoid seeing in mirrors? Who and what is this animal? The question is significant for Woolf and for modernism more generally, because it is related not only to the function and matter of memory (and so Bergson), but to the question of who or what a self is, who or what as Woolf writes, ‘is the person to whom things happened’. How can we know and represent that person, whether in biography or autobiography? Do we indeed, as Woolf says make that self ‘real by putting it into words’, or do we rather contribute to a misrecognition, if one that allows us to put the shock of the past behind us. These are some of the questions that this afterword addresses looking for connections between the remembered or dreamt animal in the mirror, the many animals that appear in modernists texts, including those considered in this volume, and the creaturely senses, agencies and vulnerabilities they evoke and provoke.
Advancements in cardiac structures segmentation: a comprehensive systematic review of deep learning in CT imaging
Authors: Alnasser Turki Nasser , Abdulaal Lojain , Maiter Ahmed , Sharkey Michael , Dwivedi Krit , Salehi Mahan , Garg Pankaj , Swift Andrew James , Alabed Samer 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundSegmentation of cardiac structures is an important step in evaluation of the heart on imaging. There has been growing interest in how artificial intelligence (AI) methods—particularly deep learning (DL)—can be used to automate this process. Existing AI approaches to cardiac segmentation have mostly focused on cardiac MRI. This systematic review aimed to appraise the performance and quality of supervised DL tools for the segmentation of cardiac structures on CT.MethodsEmbase and Medline databases were searched to identify related studies from January 1, 2013 to December 4, 2023. Original research studies published in peer-reviewed journals after January 1, 2013 were eligible for inclusion if they presented supervised DL-based tools for the segmentation of cardiac structures and non-coronary great vessels on CT. The data extracted from eligible studies included information about cardiac structure(s) being segmented, study location, DL architectures and reported performance metrics such as the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (CLAIM).Results18 studies published after 2020 were included. The DSC scores median achieved for the most commonly segmented structures were left atrium (0.88, IQR 0.83–0.91), left ventricle (0.91, IQR 0.89–0.94), left ventricle myocardium (0.83, IQR 0.82–0.92), right atrium (0.88, IQR 0.83–0.90), right ventricle (0.91, IQR 0.85–0.92), and pulmonary artery (0.92, IQR 0.87–0.93). Compliance of studies with CLAIM was variable. In particular, only 58% of studies showed compliance with dataset description criteria and most of the studies did not test or validate their models on external data (81%).ConclusionSupervised DL has been applied to the segmentation of various cardiac structures on CT. Most showed similar performance as measured by DSC values. Existing studies have been limited by the size and nature of the training datasets, inconsistent descriptions of ground truth annotations and lack of testing in external data or clinical settings.Systematic Review Registration[www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], PROSPERO [CRD42023431113].
A polyphenol-rich plant extract prevents hypercholesterolemia and modulates gut microbiota in western diet-fed mice
Authors: Langhi Cédric , Vallier Marie , Bron Auriane , Otero Yolanda F. , Maura Maheva , Le Joubioux Florian , Blomberg Niek , Giera Martin , Guigas Bruno , Maugard Thierry , Chassaing Benoit , Peltier Sébastien , Blanquet-Diot Stéphanie , Bard Jean-Marie , Sirvent Pascal 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionTotum-070 is a combination of five plant extracts enriched in polyphenols to target hypercholesterolemia, one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Totum-070 on cholesterol levels in an animal model of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia.MethodsC57BL/6JOlaHsd male mice were fed a Western diet and received Totum-070, or not, by daily gavage (1g/kg and 3g/kg body weight) for 6 weeks.ResultsThe Western diet induced obesity, fat accumulation, hepatic steatosis and increased plasma cholesterol compared with the control group. All these metabolic perturbations were alleviated by Totum-070 supplementation in a dose-dependent manner. Lipid excretion in feces was higher in mice supplemented with Totum-070, suggesting inhibition of intestinal lipid absorption. Totum-070 also increased the fecal concentration of short chain fatty acids, demonstrating a direct effect on intestinal microbiota.DiscussionThe characterization of fecal microbiota by 16S amplicon sequencing showed that Totum-070 supplementation modulated the dysbiosis associated with metabolic disorders. Specifically, Totum-070 increased the relative abundance of Muribaculum (a beneficial bacterium) and reduced that of Lactococcus (a genus positively correlated with increased plasma cholesterol level). Together, these findings indicate that the cholesterol-lowering effect of Totum-070 bioactive molecules could be mediated through multiple actions on the intestine and gut microbiota.
Integration and learning: a case study of the international higher physical education talent-cultivation model
Authors: Song Bruce , Xi Jun , Li Shichen , Zhou Yuan , Zhang Qiangfeng , Zhou Huixuan , Feng Chen , Grecic David , Peng Xiyang 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThis study delves into the multifaceted components of talent-training models within China’s physical education domain through Sino-foreign cooperative initiatives. Employing a mixed-methods approach, it systematically evaluates the innovative systems developed by pilot units and outlines their experiential insights.MethodsUsing a mixed-methods approach, this research extensively evaluates the situation of pilot units by collecting and analyzing data from closed-ended and open-ended questionnaires as well as interview responses. The study categorizes and analyzes the data to comprehensively understand cooperative talent-training models.ResultsThe findings are classified into three main themes: Learning, Integration, and Binary Evaluation and Practice Reform. Under the Learning theme, the study observed a selective integration of foreign educational paradigms into the local context, respecting the distinctiveness of Chinese education and aligning with national policies promoting unique educational systems. Additionally, the Integration theme underscores the necessity of meticulously assimilating introduced educational resources into China’s educational fabric, highlighting the need for adaptability when integrating foreign educational elements. Furthermore, the Binary Evaluation and Practice Reform theme reveal the establishment of a dualistic evaluation and reform system tailored to cooperative education specifics, outlining challenges associated with ideological and cultural disparities when integrating certain foreign education aspects into the Chinese context.DiscussionThis research provides insightful exploration into the complexities of collaborative talent-training models in Physical Education. It not only elucidates the assimilation of foreign paradigms but also highlights nuanced challenges and prospects for developing tailored educational systems within specific regional and national contexts.
The influence of selected factors on perceived enjoyment of the online learning experience: lessons for post-COVID-19 classrooms
Authors: van der Walt Freda , Nkoyi Anele , Thithi Mpho 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionSince digital transformation has become a priority in the higher education landscape, it is unlikely that higher education institutions will return to traditional face-to-face teaching and learning. Many higher education institutions have adopted a hybrid approach to teaching and learning in a post-Covid-19 setting. This unplanned forced change has raised concerns about the quality of online teaching and learning, as well as issues related to the student experience thereof. Therefore, it is necessary to consider possible factors that may influence students’ perceived enjoyment of the online teaching and learning experience. To date, very few studies have considered the antecedents of perceived enjoyment of online teaching and learning. The purpose of this paper was to determine the influence of selected factors of online teaching and learning on the perceived enjoyment of students.MethodsQuantitative data was collected, and the final sample consisted of 501 students enrolled at higher education institutions.ResultsThe findings showed that cognitive benefits, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are statistically significantly correlated with students’ perceived enjoyment of the online learning experience.DiscussionThe current study contributes to existing knowledge regarding the intention of continued use of online teaching and learning. The findings of this study are also practically relevant for enhancing students’ online learning experiences in a post-Covid-19 setting.
The value of luteinizing hormone basal values and sex hormone-binding globulin for early diagnosis of rapidly progressive central precocious puberty
Authors: Zhang Meiyu , Sun Jun , Wang Ying , Wu Yanhui , Li Xiaona , Li Rong , Fang Yafei , Bai Hua , Luo Peiliang , Yuan Yingdi 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of luteinizing hormone (LH) basal values and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) for rapidly progressive central precocious puberty (RP-CPP).MethodsA total of 121 girls presenting with secondary sexual characteristics were selected from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Lianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, from May 2021 to June 2023. The children were followed up for 6 months and were divided into three groups: RP-CPP group (n=40), slowly progressive central precocious puberty (SP-CPP) group (n=40), and premature thelarche (PT) group (n=41). The differences in LH basal values and SHBG among girls in the three groups were compared. ROC curves were drawn to analyze the value of LH basal values and SHBG in identifying RP-CPP.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in age, height, predicted adult height (PAH), weight, body mass index (BMI), bone age (BA), BA-chronological age (CA), LH basal, LH peak, FSH basal, LH peak/FSH peak, estradiol (E2), testosterone, and SHBG levels between the RP-CPP group and the SP-CPP and PT groups (P &lt; 0.05). The LH basal value in the RP-CPP group was higher than that in the SP-CPP group and the PT group, while SHBG levels were lower than in the latter two groups, and these differences were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). When the LH basal value was ≥0.58 IU/L and SHBG was ≤58.79 nmol/L, the sensitivity for diagnosing RP-CPP was 77.5% and 67.5%, and the specificity was 66.7% and 74.1%.ConclusionDetection of basal LH and SHBG levels allows for early diagnosis of the progression of central precocious puberty.
Correlation between systemic inflammatory response index and thyroid function: 2009-2012 NHANES results
Authors: Zhai Yuze , Wang Benjun , Han Weiwei , Yu Bianfang , Ci Jichen , An Fan 
Published: January 2024

AimsThis study investigates the relationship between the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and thyroid function.MethodsUtilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2012, we excluded participants lacking SIRI or thyroid function data, those under 20 years, and pregnant individuals. SIRI was determined using blood samples. We conducted weighted multivariate regression and subgroup analyses to discern the independent relationship between SIRI and thyroid function.ResultsThe study included 1,641 subjects, with an average age of 47.26±16.77 years, including 48.65% males and 51.35% females. The population was divided into three SIRI-based groups (Q1-Q3). Q3, compared to Q1, exhibited higher age-at-onset, greater male prevalence, and increased levels of FT3, FT4, TT4, leukocytes, and triglycerides. This group also showed a higher incidence of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. Notably, Q1 had lower LDL and HDL levels. SIRI maintained a positive association with FT4 (β = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.00-0.03, P for trend = 0.0071), TT4 (β = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.10, 0.31, P for trend=0.0001), and TPOAb (β = 8.0, 95% CI = 1.77-14.30, P for trend = 0.0120), indicating that each quartile increase in SIRI corresponded to a 0.01 ng/dL increase in FT4, a 0.2 g/dL increase in TT4, and an 8.03 IU/mL rise in TPOAb. The subgroup analysis suggested the SIRI-thyroid function correlation was influenced by hypertension.ConclusionInflammation may impact the development and progression of thyroid function disorders. Proactive anti-inflammatory treatment might mitigate thyroid abnormalities.