bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Cooper Adam G. 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
The introduction raises the question of corporeality and the body in Maximus’ theology within the context of the wider patristic and subsequent catholic tradition. It asks whether the affinity of patristic thought with Neoplatonism tends towards the marginalization creation and the body, as often charged. The case is argued that an intelligent reading of Maximus’ philosophical and ascetic writings requires due regard for the living, material praxis – especially liturgical and sacramental – within which the Confessor lived, thought, and wrote.
Natural Resources, Capital Accumulation, Structural Change, and Welfare
Authors: Auty Richard M. , Kiiski Sampsa. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis chapter establishes the stylised facts on capital accumulation, structural change, and social welfare in developing countries with different natural resource endowments. It is shown that the development of resource-abundant countries varies depending on their natural resource endowment. Resource-deficient countries diversify into manufactured production and exports sooner, and are less prone to trade policy closure.
The Social Foundations of Poor Economic Growth in Resource-Rich Countries
Authors: Woolcock Michael. , Pritchett Lant. , Isham Jonathan. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis chapter examines the social foundations of developing economies with different types of natural resource endowments. It argues that the nature of communities, institutions, and state-society relations has a significant impact on economic growth trajectories in general, and the management of shocks in particular. In developing countries, the efficacy of these three dimensions is influenced by export structures. Different types of export structures create different capacities to reduce social and economic divisions, and viable institutions of conflict management.
Natural Resources and Economic Development: The 1870–1914 Experience
Authors: Findlay Ronald. , Lundahl Mats. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis chapter examines the performance of two types of resource-abundant economies during the ‘golden age’ of the world economy from 1870 to 1914. These are the ‘Regions of Recent Settlement’ (United States, Canada, Australia, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and South Africa); and plantation and peasant economies in ‘Tropical Countries’ (Burma, Siam, the Gold Coast, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ceylon, and Malaya). Disparities in the performance of the two groups of countries were attributed to internal problems and policy failures.
Short-Run Models of Contrasting Natural Resource Endowments
Authors: Murshed S. Mansoob. 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
This chapter examines the links between natural resources, economic growth, and economic policy using a short-run theoretical macroeconomic model of a small open economy endowed with a natural resource exporting sector. It considers the short-run effects of resource booms, devaluation, and a consumption tax on the non-traded good. Typologies are developed, distinguishing between the East Asian (diffuse resource-rich) and Latin American (point-source linkages) cases.
Competitive Industrialization with Natural Resource Abundance: Malaysia
Authors: Zainal Abidin Mahani. 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
This chapter examines the main differences between the development of Malaysia and that of other small resource-abundant countries that did not achieve competitive industrialisation. It discusses the high growth of Malaysian investment, public sector contribution to total investment, Malaysia’s open trade regime, industrial policy that fostered competitive industrialisation, and the accumulation of human capital. It reviews Malaysia’s capacity to manage external and internal shocks without experiencing a growth collapse.
A Growth Collapse with Point Resources: Bolivia
Authors: Auty Richard M. , Evia J. L. 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
This chapter examines the growth collapse in Bolivia in the mid-1980s. It is shown that a series of factional governments pushed the mineral-driven Bolivian economy into the staple strap development trajectory since the early 1960s. Bolivia can realise new economic opportunities if its government adheres to the basic principles of environmental and natural resource accounting, and maintains market discipline. These can be achieved through a consensual democracy.
Growth, Capital Accumulation, and Economic Reform in South Africa
Authors: Jenkins Carolyn. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis chapter argues that South Africa has failed to establish the conditions necessary to reach its growth potential despite the commencement of reform in the 1970s. Part of this is because reform was undertaken during conditions of increasing isolation under sanctions, and increasing domestic uncertainty. Moreover, racial segregation in education and labour markets, and increasing political polarisation led to a decline in social capital. The new government is capable of addressing these problems although progress has been slow.
A Nordic Perspective on Natural Resource Abundance
Authors: Gylfason Thorvaldur. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis chapter examines the impact of resource abundance on the economic performance of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Natural resource abundance can retard economic growth by reducing total exports, and investments in human and physical capital. These outcomes are not inevitable if appropriate institutions safeguards are in place. However, an echo effect of resource dependence may be detected.
Chapter 1 WHAT ARE INTENTIONS?
Authors: Livingston Paisley 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
Presents a survey of prevalent assumptions about the nature and status of intentions, beginning with minimalist and reductionist views and moving on to accounts of intention as a type of psychological state having a range of characteristic functions. Drawing upon work in philosophical psychology and action theory by such philosophers as Alfred Mele and Michael Bratman, Livingston characterizes intentions in terms of its functions in the lives of temporally situated, deliberating, and striving agents: intentions initiate, guide, and sustain intentional behaviour; they prompt and terminate practical reasoning, and help coordinate an individual agent’s behaviour over time, as well as interaction between agents. With reference to epistemic and ontological worries about mentalism, Livingston also surveys debates over the status of intentionalist psychology more generally, assessing error theory as well as strong and weak realist perspectives. Serious problems with extreme anti-intentionalist arguments and proposals warrant continued reliance upon intentionalist discourse.
Chapter 3 AUTHORSHIP, INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE
Authors: Livingston Paisley 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
Although intentionalism is often wrongly said to entail individualist dogma, the recognition of intentions is crucial to the recognition of diverse forms of authorship, including various kinds of collaborative and collective art-making. Livingston critiques Foucauldian contentions about authorship and proposes an alternative account on the basis of the author’s production of works with expressive or communicative intent. An elucidation of conditions on joint-authorship is proposed with reference to philosophical analyses of joint and collective action. Not all cases of collective art-making amount to joint authorship in the sense of a sufficiently well coordinated and genuinely collaborative effort.
Chapter 5 TEXTS, WORKS, VERSIONS (WITH REFERENCE TO THE INTENTIONS OF MONSIEUR PIERRE MENARD)
Authors: Livingston Paisley 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
Various philosophers have found valuable insight in Jorge Luis Borges’ 1939 story, ‘Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote’. More specifically, a conclusion commonly drawn from the story is that a literary work is not reducible to a text. Livingston supports this thesis, but contends that the argument in its favour requires an independent defence of claims about the nature and identity of texts. To that end, he presents a new, ‘locutionary’ account that conjoins syntactical and pragmatic conditions. And with reference to an overlooked feature of Borges’ story, Livingston explores different senses of ‘version’ in artistic contexts, drawing on intentionalist resources.
Chapter 7 FICTION AND FICTIONAL TRUTH
Authors: Livingston Paisley 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
Intentionalist assumptions are relevant to three inter-related topics pertaining to fiction: the distinction between fiction and non-fiction, the nature and status of fictional truth, and the determination of fictional truth (or the content of a fictional utterance or story). Livingston argues that to produce a work of fiction or fictional utterance is to express imaginings and to invite others to engage in correlative make-believe or imagining. Intentions regularly contribute decisively to the determination of the story a work of fiction conveys, especially with regard to implicit content. This is crucial for readers or viewers who want to understand the story told, as opposed to making up a new story of their own. These and related contentions are grounded in a discussion of the 1991 film Meeting Venus, which is especially pertinent with regard to the problem of the conditions under which intentions are and are not successfully realized.
Externalities in Rural Development: Evidence for China
Authors: Kanbur Ravi , Venables Anthony J. 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
Tests for external effects of local economic activity on consumption and income growth at the farm household level using panel data from four provinces of post-reform rural China. The tests allow for non-stationary fixed effects in the consumption growth process. Evidence is found of geographic externalities, stemming from spill over effects of the level and composition of local economic activity and private returns to local human and physical infrastructure endowments. The results suggest an explanation for rural underdevelopment arising from underinvestment in certain externality-generating activities, of which agricultural development emerges as the most important.
How Responsive is Poverty to Growth? A Regional Analysis of Poverty, Inequality, and Growth in Indonesia, 1984–99
Authors: Kanbur Ravi , Venables Anthony J. 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
Uses six nationally representative household consumption surveys to develop successive poverty profiles for Indonesia over a fifteen-year period of sustained high growth followed by rapid contraction. Adopting a ‘cost-of-basic-needs’ approach to poverty determination (an approach particularly suited to measures of absolute poverty), the authors develop price indices and calculate poverty lines from unit value data, an often neglected source of information. The summary findings confirm that Indonesia has witnessed broad-based gains in poverty reduction over the period 1984–96 and then a dramatic reversal during the recent financial crisis. These summary findings, however, mask substantial diversity in growth, inequality, and poverty change across Indonesian regions and so subsequent analysis focuses on the links between growth, inequality, and changes in poverty at the regional level.
Quo Vadis? Inequality and Poverty Dynamics Across Russian Regions
Authors: Kanbur Ravi , Venables Anthony J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAnalyses regional data on inequality and poverty in Russia during 1994–2000 using published series from the regionally representative Household Budget Survey. The author finds that the share of inequality in Russia coming from the between-regions component is large (close to a third of the total inequality), growing, and accounts for most of the increase in national inequality over 1994-2000. The author demonstrates an absence of interregional convergence in incomes across Russian regions using various techniques. On the other hand, he finds evidence of convergence in inequality within regions, trended towards an internationally high level. Based on these two findings, the author projects the dynamics of inequality and poverty in Russia over a ten-year time horizon. The projections show that if the observed trend continues, by 2010 the absolute majority of Russia’s poor will be concentrated in a few permanently impoverished regions, while relatively more affluent regions will become virtually free of poverty.
Application of lean paradigm in red meat processing
Authors: Simons David , Zokaei Keivan 
Published: April 2005

PurposeLean is a well‐established industrial paradigm and has proved to be of significant benefit in different sectors of the manufacturing industry (e.g. automotive and aerospace). This paper aims to report on the introduction of lean to a new sector – the “UK red meat industry”. It highlights the benefits of lean production in one specific manufacturing area, the “cutting room”, where meat is split down from a carcass into retail cuts of meat.Design/methodology/approachA multiple case study approach is adopted in this paper. As part of the Red Meat Industry Forum's Value Chain Analysis Initiative, five cutting plants are presented as case studies in this paper.FindingsThis paper identifies two “traditional” and three “advanced” cutting rooms and reports a typical 25 per cent productivity gap. The paper tentatively concludes this is due to the advanced cases practicing lean techniques, such as “Takt‐time” and “work standardization”.Originality/valueThe literature review identifies a gap in previous research on the applications of logistics and operations management concepts and practices into the red meat industry. Particularly, lean techniques have been overlooked in the red meat industry.
Deliberate contamination of the food supply chain
Authors: Manning L. , Baines R.N. , Chadd S.A. 
Published: April 2005

PurposeAims to highlight how food contamination, whether accidental or deliberate, can have far‐reaching impact on individuals, organisations and the food supply chain.Design/methodology/approachThis paper focuses on the use of agents such as foreign animal disease (FAD). The research included a literature review and evaluation to determine the mechanisms currently in place to counter‐act bioterrorism in the food supply chain with particular emphasis on poultry.FindingsFood terrorism, where the contaminant is a FAD, would cause severe economic disruption by direct costs due to the culling of livestock and the compensation paid to growers. It could also lead to consequential loss to the local or national economy, loss of consumer confidence in the food supply chain and loss of political confidence and support following the mass culling of livestock, with some agents having the ability to impact directly on human health.Originality/valueThis paper analyses the current state of preparedness for food terrorism in the food supply chain and is of relevance to a cross‐section of the industry.
Filling the vacuum? Non‐union employee voice in the Auckland hotel industry
Authors: Haynes Peter 
Published: April 2005

PurposeTo examine non‐union channels of employee voice in the Auckland hotel industry over ten years in order to determine the efficacy of non‐union employee representation in a lightly unionised service sector context.Design/methodology/approachThe study draws on a longitudinal study of employment relations in the Auckland hotel industry. Interview and archival data were collected in three waves between 1993 and 2003. A case study of a single hotel illustrates the analysis.FindingsA majority of the hotels studied have adopted and continue to develop an array of non‐union voice channels. While hotel management retain their traditional decision‐making prerogatives and worker influence is constrained, there is evidence that interest in developing non‐union voice channels to gauge employees’ concerns and interests at work is valued by management, albeit for instrumental reasons.Research limitations/implicationsMajor limitations include the lack of employee data and sample composition: large hotels in one region only. Further research, incorporating data on employee attitudes and perceptions, is required in order to understand employees’ expectations and desires for influence at work and the reasons for any perceived efficacy.Originality/valueThis study shows that, contrary to the dominant view that they are of little or no value, non‐union voice channels may provide workers in a non‐union setting with a measure of influence that would otherwise be denied.
Managing community in Hong Kong – the political economy perspective
Authors: Hin Li Ling 
Published: April 2005

PurposeTo examine how an incomplete and biased legal/regulatory framework governing the allocation of property rights within a residential community in Hong Kong blocks the natural choice of a market contractual arrangement for the governance of the community as well as the management services.Design/methodology/approachThis paper applies an institutional economic framework to examine the rationale of adopting different governance structures for different types of assets. A detailed case study is examined based on this framework and the governance structure of this community is analysed and the rationale behind the chosen structure is examined accordingly.FindingsIt is found that a unified governance structure has been adopted in this community, not by the residents in the community, but by the developer who has a controlling share of property rights and vested interests on the undeveloped part of the community.Research limitations/implicationsThe case study, though detailed, limits to one community, which itself is very unique in the physical environment. In the future, different communities should be compared under different management models to examine the effect of developers' vested interests in the community and the governance structure, and how would a fair delineation mechanism of property rights will provide a more efficient management model for the community.Practical implicationsIt is suggested that an overall examination of the way property rights are delineated in Hong Kong is needed to protect the rights of individual property owners, so that a fairer and more efficient system can be in place.Originality/valueThis paper argues that the choice of governance structure in a residential community under some special socio‐political environments is also facilitated by the legal/regulatory framework delineating property rights.
Optimal placement of sensors for contaminant detection based on detailed 3D CFD simulations
Authors: Löhner Rainald , Camelli Fernando 
Published: April 2005

PurposeDevelop a method for the optimal placement of sensors in order to detect the largest number of contaminant release scenarios with the minimum amount of sensors.Design/methodology/approachThe method considers the general sensor placement problem. Assuming a given number of sensors, every release scenario leads to a sensor input. The data recorded from all the possible release scenarios at all possible sensor locations allow the identification of the best or optimal sensor locations. Clearly, if only one sensor is to be placed, it should be at the location that recorded the highest number of releases. This argument can be used recursively by removing from further consideration all releases already recorded by sensors previously placed.FindingsThe method developed works well. Examples showing the effect of different wind conditions and release locations demonstrate the effectiveness of the procedure.Practical implicationsThe method can be used to design sensor systems for cities, subway stations, stadiums, concert halls, high value residential areas, etc.Originality/valueThe method is general, and can be used with other physics‐based models (puff, mass‐conservation, RANS, etc.). The investigation also shows that first‐principles CFD models have matured sufficiently to be run in a timely manner on PCs, opening the way to optimization based on detailed physics.
Determination of optimal switching angles in the Dual‐Euler method based on round‐off error models
Authors: Yoon Sugjoon , Kong Ji‐young , Lee Kyung‐tae , Hwang Ho‐yeon 
Published: April 2005

PurposeOptimal switching angles are investigated for minimizing accumulated numerical errors when the dual‐Euler method is used in the simulation of angular rotation.Design/methodology/approachFirst, round‐off errors are theoretically modeled with a simplified mathematical representation of rotation. Round‐off errors take critical roles in the vicinity of indefinite points because they cause major numerical inaccuracy in very large numerical values represented with limited binary numbers. Optimal switching angles of (±π/4, ±3π/4) are derived and numerically examined. With a more practical and severe rotational model, the switching angles are numerically tested.FindingsIn conclusion, switching pitch angles of (±π/4, ±3π/4) yield near minimum numerical errors in angular parameters of pitch, yaw, and roll if truncation errors are not dominant by using high‐order integration algorithms and small step sizes. It is also noticed that accumulated numerical errors increase dramatically if pitch and roll angles are switched beyond the optimal angles with a little margin.Originality/valueOptimal switching angles in the dual‐Euler method are identified based on the truncation error analysis. The mechanism of accumulated numerical errors in the dual‐Euler method, which depends on switching angles, is also revealed.
An empirical analysis of lead benchmarking and performance measurement
Authors: Anderson Karen , McAdam Rodney 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThis aim of this paper is to explore the understanding and use of lead benchmarking and performance measurement as a possible means of achieving increased organisational change.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical research methodology is used to survey 800 UK organisations, with 157 responses, in relation to their approach to lead benchmarking and performance measurement. A working definition of lead benchmarking and performance measurement is developed within the paper.FindingsThe findings indicate that new lead, forward looking, predictive benchmarks will need to be developed to support lead benchmarking and performance measurement activities. Furthermore, it was found that currently larger organisations are more likely to adopt these practices, with considerable variation across organisational sectors.Originality/valueFocuses on ensuring that benchmarking and performance measurement remain at the leading edge of organisational change rather than becoming adhoc business improvement initiatives.