bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The European Respiratory Society led training programme improves self-reported competency and increases the use of thoracic ultrasound
Authors: Pietersen Pia Iben , Konge Lars , Bhatnagar Rahul , Slavicky Marek , Rahman Najib M. , Maskell Nick , Crombag Laurence , Tabin Nathalie , Laursen Christian B. , Nielsen Anders Bo 
Published: January 2024

Thoracic ultrasound has become a well-implemented diagnostic tool for assessment and monitoring of patients with respiratory symptoms or disease. However, ultrasound examinations are user dependent and sufficient competencies are needed. The European Respiratory Society (ERS) hosts a structured and evidence-based training programme in thoracic ultrasound. This study aimed to explore and discuss the self-reported activity and self-reported competency of the participants during the ERS course.Online surveys were sent to the training programme participants before the second part of the course (practical part of the course), and before and 3 months after the third part of the course (final certification exam). A total of 77 participants completed the surveys. The self-reported frequency of thoracic ultrasound examinations increased during the course, and in the final survey more than 90% of the participants used thoracic ultrasound on weekly basis. The self-reported competency (on technical execution of the thoracic ultrasound examination and overall competency) also increased.The ERS thoracic ultrasound training programme forms the basis of broad theoretical knowledge and sufficient practical skills that seem to lead to behavioural changes, whereby a large proportion of the participants implemented ultrasound in their clinical practice.
Liquid-phase water permeation pathways on outer-bark surfaces of teak (Tectona grandis): a tropical deciduous hardwood
Authors: Matsunaga Hiroyuki , Matsuo Naoko , Nakai Takahisa , Abe Hisashi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt has recently been suggested that processes related to water uptake from the tree-stem surface, such as water vapor exchange and rainwater permeation, have implications for forest hydrology. However, few studies have investigated stem surface water uptake itself, and the water permeation pathway has not been elucidated in detail. Based on previous findings that trees with outer bark composed mainly of rhytidome have a high frequency of exfoliation and greater water uptake ability, we hypothesized that exfoliation of the outer bark is the main pathway for water uptake from the outer bark surface to the innermost periderm in these species. We tested this hypothesis in teak, a tropical deciduous hardwood with a high frequency of outer-bark exfoliation. We conducted laboratory experiments using dried bark pieces with different outer-bark shapes to evaluate the rate, amount, and pathway of liquid-phase water permeation of outer-bark surfaces. The rate and amount of water absorption differed markedly among samples. The permeation rate was correlated with the degree of outer-bark exfoliation, and water permeation was observed to begin at exfoliated surfaces. These results support our hypothesis. In addition, the increased water content of bark pieces immediately after the start of the experiment was strongly correlated with the surface roughness of the outer bark, implying that roughness may indicate the water-retention capacity of a given tree species.
Single nucleotide polymorphism SNP19140160 A > C is a potential breeding locus for fast-growth largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Hua Jixiang , Zhong Chunyi , Chen Wenhua , Fu Jianjun , Wang Jian , Wang Qingchun , Zhu Geyan , Li Yan , Tao Yifan , Zhang Maoyou , Dong Yalun , Lu Siqi , Liu Wenting , Qiang Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) has significant economic value as a high-yielding fish species in China’s freshwater aquaculture industry. Determining the major genes related to growth traits and identifying molecular markers associated with these traits serve as the foundation for breeding strategies involving gene pyramiding. In this study, we screened restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci potentially associated with extreme growth differences between fast-growth and slow-growth groups in the F1 generation of a largemouth bass population.

Results
We subsequently identified associations between these loci and specific candidate genes related to four key growth traits (body weight, body length, body height, and body thickness) based on SNP genotyping. In total, 4,196,486 high-quality SNPs were distributed across 23 chromosomes. Using a population-specific genotype frequency threshold of 0.7, we identified 30 potential SNPs associated with growth traits. Among the 30 SNPs, SNP19140160, SNP9639603, SNP9639605, and SNP23355498 showed significant associations; three of them (SNP9639603, SNP9639605, and SNP23355498) were significantly associated with one trait, body length, in the F1 generation, and one (SNP19140160) was significantly linked with four traits (body weight, height, length, and thickness) in the F1 generation. The markers SNP19140160 and SNP23355498 were located near two growth candidate genes, fam174b and ppip5k1b, respectively, and these candidate genes were closely linked with growth, development, and feeding. The average body weight of the group with four dominant genotypes at these SNP loci in the F1 generation population (703.86 g) was 19.63% higher than that of the group without dominant genotypes at these loci (588.36 g).

Conclusions
Thus, these four markers could be used to construct a population with dominant genotypes at loci related to fast growth. These findings demonstrate how markers can be used to identify genes related to fast growth, and will be useful for molecular marker-assisted selection in the breeding of high-quality largemouth bass.
Incidence and risk of remnant gastric cancer after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a population-based study from the SEER database
Authors: Yan Shangcheng , Cheng Ming , Peng Wei , Liu Tianhua , Zhang Jingyu , Sheng Mengchao , Ren Rui , Chen Qiang , Gong Wei , Wu Yongyou 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer (GC) constitutes a major global health problem, of which remnant gastric cancer (RGC) occurs less frequently. The rate of RGCs after gastrectomy for GC is increasing recently due to improved survival and screening, however, their incidence and risk have not been reported in the U.S. population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence and elevated risk of RGC after GC gastrectomy in this population, and to identify the risk factors.

Methods
Patients underwent gastrectomy for first primary GC in 2000–2015 and those who developed RGC were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Fine-Gray regression was used to estimate the cumulative incidence and to identify risk factors. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated by Poisson regression to compare the risk with the general population.

Results
Among 21,566 patients included in the cohort, 227 developed RGC. The 20-year cumulative incidence of RGC was 1.88%. Multivariate analysis revealed that older age, invasion depth, male sex, marital status, and lower income are independent risk factors for RGC development. SIR was 7.70 overall and > 4.5 in each stratum.

Conclusions
Cumulative incidence and risk for RGCs increased continuously in patients underwent GC gastrectomy. Close and lifelong endoscopy surveillance should be recommended for patients who received GC gastrectomy, especially those with high-risk factors.
Recognition of cognitive dysfunction in hospitalised older patients: a flash mob study
Authors: Visser Fleur C. W. , van Eersel Marlise E. A. , Hempenius Liesbeth , Verwey Nicolaas A. , Band Caterina , van der Bol Jessica M. , Boudestein Kris , van Dijk Suzanne C. , Gobbens Robbert , van der Hooft Cornelis S. , Kamper Adriaan M. , Ruiter Rikje , Sipers Walther , Spoelstra Birgit N. A. , Stoffels Josephine , Stolwijk-Woudstra Dyane J. , van Stralen Karlijn J. , van Strien Astrid M. , Wijngaarden Marjolein A. , Winters Marian , Strijkert Fijanne , van Munster Barbara C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
It is important that healthcare professionals recognise cognitive dysfunction in hospitalised older patients in order to address associated care needs, such as enhanced involvement of relatives and extra cognitive and functional support. However, studies analysing medical records suggest that healthcare professionals have low awareness of cognitive dysfunction in hospitalised older patients. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in hospitalised older patients, the percentage of patients in which cognitive dysfunction was recognised by healthcare professionals, and which variables were associated with recognition.

Methods
A multicentre, nationwide, cross-sectional observational study was conducted on a single day using a flash mob study design in thirteen university and general hospitals in the Netherlands. Cognitive function was assessed in hospitalised patients aged ≥ 65 years old, who were admitted to medical and surgical wards. A Mini-Cog score of < 3 out of 5 indicated cognitive dysfunction. The attending nurses and physicians were asked whether they suspected cognitive dysfunction in their patient. Variables associated with recognition of cognitive dysfunction were assessed using multilevel and multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Results
347 of 757 enrolled patients (46%) showed cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction was recognised by attending nurses in 137 of 323 patients (42%) and by physicians in 156 patients (48%). In 135 patients (42%), cognitive dysfunction was not recognised by either the attending nurse or physician. Recognition of cognitive dysfunction was better at a lower Mini-Cog score, with the best recognition in patients with the lowest scores. Patients with a Mini-Cog score < 3 were best recognised in the geriatric department (69% by nurses and 72% by physicians).

Conclusion
Cognitive dysfunction is common in hospitalised older patients and is poorly recognised by healthcare professionals. This study highlights the need to improve recognition of cognitive dysfunction in hospitalised older patients, particularly in individuals with less apparent cognitive dysfunction. The high proportion of older patients with cognitive dysfunction suggests that it may be beneficial to provide care tailored to cognitive dysfunction for all hospitalised older patients.
The association between healthcare expenditures and potentially inappropriate medication use in hospitalized older adults in Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Behailu Terefe , Bosho Dula Dessalegn , Dissassa Gashahun Mekonnen , Tesfaye Mikiyas Gashaw , Yizengaw Mengist Awoke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Evidence shows that potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in older adults significantly increases the utilization of healthcare resources. PIM is widely prescribed in older adults, however little is known about its association with healthcare resource utilization in Africa, particularly Ethiopia. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to examine the presence of an association between healthcare expenditure and the frequency of PIM used.

Methods
This observational study was conducted from 06 September 2021 to 30 December 2022. A total of 151 hospitalized older adult patients were included in the study. The data collection format was designed to capture relevant information. STATA V.15.0 was used for analysis. Descriptive statistics and a generalized linear model regression were conducted. Statistical significance was set at a p-value < 0.05. The findings are presented in tables, figures, and text.

Results
The total healthcare expenditure was higher in PIM users (385,368.6 ETB) than in non-PIM users (131,267.7 ETB). The median expenditures for medical supplies (p = 0.025), investigations (p = 0.033), and total healthcare expenditure (p = 0.023) were significantly higher in patients with two and more PIMs than in those with no or one PIM. However, after model adjustment, the total healthcare expenditure was not significantly different across the frequency of PIMs used. Number of medications (adjusted B = 0.068, 95% CI: 0.035, 0.101, p < 0.001) and taking blood and blood-forming organ class of medication (adjusted B = 0.151, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.297, p = 0.042) were associated with higher total healthcare expenditure, whereas the total healthcare expenditure was significantly lower in those patients with diseases of the nervous system (adjusted B = -0.307, 95% CI: -0.502, -0.112, p = 0.002) and respiratory system (adjusted B = -0.196, 95% CI: -0.327, -0.065, p = 0.003).

Conclusion
The total healthcare expenditure is nearly three times higher in PIM users. However, its association with the frequency of PIM use was not statistically significant in the final model. Deprescribing medications after evaluating the benefit-risk ratio may help to reduce the healthcare expenditures of older adult patients. Further similar, adequately powered, comparative study is also warranted to identify the actual effect of PIM use on healthcare expenditures in the local context.
Comprehensive genomic evaluation of advanced and recurrent breast cancer patients for tailored precision treatments
Authors: Ido Mirai , Fujii Kimihito , Mishima Hideyuki , Kubo Akihito , Saito Masayuki , Banno Hirona , Ito Yukie , Goto Manami , Ando Takahito , Mouri Yukako , Kousaka Junko , Imai Tsuneo , Nakano Shogo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate genetic alterations within breast cancer in the setting of recurrent or de novo stage IV disease.

Patients and methods
: This study included 22 patients with recurrent breast cancer (n = 19) and inoperable de novo stage IV breast cancer (n = 3). For next generation sequencing, FoundationOneCDx (F1CDx) (Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA) was performed in 21 patients and FoundationOneLiquid CDx was performed in 1 patient.

Results
Median age was 62.9 years (range, 33.4–82.1). Pathological diagnoses of specimens included invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 19), invasive lobular carcinoma (n = 2), and invasive micropapillary carcinoma (n = 1). F1CDx detected a median of 4.5 variants (range, 1–11). The most commonly altered gene were PIK3CA (n = 9), followed by TP53 (n = 7), MYC (n = 4), PTEN (n = 3), and CDH1 (n = 3). For hormone receptor-positive patients with PIK3CA mutations, hormonal treatment plus a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor was recommended as the treatment of choice. Patients in the hormone receptor-negative and no human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression group had significantly higher tumor mutational burden than patients in the hormone receptor-positive group. A BRCA2 reversion mutation was revealed by F1CDx in a patient with a deleterious germline BRCA2 mutation during poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor treatment.

Conclusion
Guidance on tailored precision therapy with consideration of genomic mutations was possible for some patients with information provided by F1CDx. Clinicians should consider using F1CDx at turning points in the course of the disease.
Heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in pediatrics: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Ran , Zheng Qiaoqi , Chen Nengyue , Zhao Li 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
It is still controversial for neonates or children to choose normal saline or heparin solution in the care of peripheral intravenous catheters. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in pediatrics, to provide reliable evidence support for clinical care.

Methods
Two authors searched the PubMed, EMbase, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, WanFang Data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases for randomized controlled trial (RCT) of heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in pediatrics until July 16, 2023. The bias of risk tool recommended by Cochrane was used for the quality evaluation of included RCTs. Meta-analysis was carried out by using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results
A total of 22 RCTs involving 3988 peripheral intravenous catheters were finally included. Compare with normal saline, heparin could significantly increase the catheter indwelling time (MD = 9.10, 95%CI:3.30 ~ 14.90). Subgroup analysis indicated that for compare with normal saline, heparin could significantly increase the catheter indwelling time in the neonate (MD = 9.63, 95%CI: 0.38 ~ 18.88) and neonate + children population (MD = 6.22, 95%CI:2.72 ~ 9.73, P < 0.001). Heparin could significantly reduce the incidence of catheter-associated complications (RR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.70 ~ 0.95). Subgroup analysis indicated that heparin could significantly reduce the incidence of catheter-associated complications in the neonate (RR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.61 ~ 0.89). There was no publication bias amongst the synthesized outcomes by Egger’s test (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Heparin may be worthy of being applicated in the neonate population in terms of prolonged indwelling time and less complications. Limited by the evidence quality, more studies from different area and populations with rigorous design are needed to investigate the role of heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in pediatrics.
Do girls wash dishes and boys play sports? Gender inequalities in physical activity and in the use of screen-based devices among schoolchildren from urban and rural areas in Brazil
Authors: de Jesus Gilmar Mercês , Dias Lizziane Andrade , Barros Anna Karolina Cerqueira , Araujo Lara Daniele Matos dos Santos , Schrann Mayva Mayana Ferreira 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the study was to analyze gender inequalities in types of physical activity (PA) and in the use of screen-based devices among schoolchildren from both urban and rural areas in Brazil.

Methods
Data from two population-based surveys conducted in 2019 (urban areas: n = 2,479; 52.6% girls; age = 9.2 ± 1.51 years) and 2022 (rural areas: n = 979; 42.6% girls; age = 9.4 ± 1.52 years) were used. PA (active play, nonactive play, home chores, and structured physical activities) and the use of screen-based devices (TV, cellphone, videogame, and computer) were self-reported in a previous-day-recall online questionnaire (Web-CAAFE). Absolute gender inequalities were evaluated and presented as equiplots. Relative gender inequalities were evaluated by the prevalence ratio (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), which were estimated by Poisson regression, with adjustments for age and BMI z scores.

Results
Girls from urban and rural areas presented a lower prevalence of active play and a higher prevalence of home chores. The prevalence of nonactive play among girls from urban areas was also lower; however, their prevalence of structured physical activities was higher, especially among girls aged seven to nine years. Girls in both urban and rural areas presented a higher prevalence of TV viewing and lower use of video games.

Conclusion
The gender inequalities observed in the types of physical activities and in the use of screen-based devices could be considered potential correlates of the likelihood of girls’ and boys’ compliance with the physical activity guidelines.
Physical activity, screen time and dietary behaviours in New Zealand adolescents prior to and following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mandic Sandra , Khan Asaduzzaman , García Bengoechea Enrique , Coppell Kirsten J. , Spence John C. , Smith Melody 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Insufficient physical activity, high screen time, and unhealthy dietary patterns among adolescents may have worsened during the pandemic, but data are lacking. This study compared physical activity, screen time and fruit and vegetable intake in adolescents from Dunedin, New Zealand, 5–6 years before (Study 1) and during (Study 2) the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Adolescents completed an online survey as part of the Built Environment and Active Transport to School (BEATS) studies in 2014/2015 (Study 1; n = 1,266; age: 15.3 ± 1.4 years; 54.6% female) and 2021/2022 (Study 2; n = 819; age: 15.2 ± 1.4 years; 47.4% female). The proportion of adolescents meeting guidelines for physical activity (≥ 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), outside school screen time (≤ 2 h/day) and fruit and vegetable intake (> 1 serving/day for both fruit and vegetables) was calculated. Data were analysed using multivariable linear and logistic regression modelling.

Results
Few adolescents met recommended health behaviour guidelines. Compared to Study 1, significantly greater proportions of adolescents at Study 2 met guidelines for physical activity (16.7% vs. 23.1%; p < 0.001) and outside school screen time (13.3% vs. 18.3%; p < 0.001) while fruit and vegetable intake was not different (29.6% vs. 27.0%; p = 0.322). Compared to Study 1, average outside school screen time at Study 2 was lower on both weekdays (5.0 ± 2.9 vs. 4.6 ± 2.9; p < 0.001) and weekend days (6.9 ± 3.5 vs. 6.1 ± 3.6 h/day; p < 0.001). Reported frequency of consuming sweets was higher and soft drinks lower at Study 2 versus Study 1.

Conclusions
Despite observed higher levels of physical activity and lower levels of outside school screen time during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic levels, few adolescents met health behaviour guidelines at both time points. Therefore, comprehensive health promotion that aims to improve physical activity levels, screen time and dietary patterns for adolescents is still necessary to prevent chronic health conditions adulthood.