bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parkinson's disease, stroke, and related epidemiology
Authors: Nataraj Andrew , Rajput Ali H. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe investigated the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease and other comorbidities in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared to the general population. Five hundred PD patients were chosen randomly from one author's (A.H.R.) database. Age‐ and sex‐matched controls were derived from 270 patients with essential tremor from the same database and from 490 patients in a general practitioner's database. Age, hypertensive status, smoking status, coronary artery disease, orthostatic hypotension, diabetes mellitus, and symptomatic cerebrovascular disease (stroke or transient ischemic attack) were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson χ2 testing and binary logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and orthostatic hypotension was similar among groups. The PD group had more patients who never smoked and less current smokers than the other groups. While there were similar frequencies of symptomatic cerebrovascular disease among groups, the prevalence of stroke was lower in PD patients. This difference disappeared upon stratification into groups based on smoking status and in the addition of smoking as a covariate in the multivariate analysis. Diminished smoking in PD patients likely plays a role in our finding of decreased stroke in patients with PD. Increased access to appropriate neurological care and subsequent prevention of stroke after a warning transient ischemic attack may also play a role, as may diminished levels of excitotoxic neurotransmitters in PD patients. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Free mesh radial basis function collocation approach for the numerical solution of system of multi‐ion electrolytes
Authors: La Rocca A. , Power H. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to show the versatility of an innovative mesh‐free numerical scheme, which allows the solution of the coupled transport equations governing the evolution of a system of multi‐ion electrolytes, by mean of the use of radial basis functions interpolation and a nesting approach. The nesting approach is used in order to capture the detail behaviour of the solution near a solid wall i.e. at the diffusion–reaction layer. As a numerical example the problem of silver deposition on a rotating disk is analysed. The versatility of the proposed numerical scheme is proved by solving the proposed electrochemical phenomena imposing three different kinds of boundary conditions at the solid wall (Dirichlet, Neumann and Robin). The obtained numerical results are compared with simplified analytical approximation of the corresponding problems. The effect of the ligand concentration on the others species is considered and a comparison between the obtained concentration profiles for the complex AgS2O and Ag(S2O3) when the concentration of the ligand S2O takes different values is shown. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A computational study of the one‐dimensional parabolic equation subject to nonclassical boundary specifications
Authors: Dehghan Mehdi 
Published: July 2005

AbstractCertain problems arising in engineering are modeled by nonstandard parabolic initial‐boundary value problems in one space variable, which involve an integral term over the spatial domain of a function of the desired solution. Hence, in the past few years interest has substantially increased in the solutions of these problems. As a result numerous research papers have also been devoted to the subject. Although considerable amount of work has been done in the past, there is still a lack of a completely satisfactory computational scheme. Also, there are some cases that have not been studied numerically yet. In the current article several approaches for the numerical solution of the one‐dimensional parabolic equation subject to the specification of mass, which have been considered in the literature, are reported. Finite difference methods have been proposed for the numerical solution of the new nonclassic boundary value problem. To investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we consider solving a test problem. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2006
Papillary thyroid carcinoma of childhood and adolescence: A 30‐year experience at the istituto nazionale tumori in Milan
Authors: Collini Paola , Massimino Maura , Leite Silvia Fagundes , Mattavelli Franco , Seregni Ettore , Zucchini Nicola , Spreafico Filippo , Ferrari Andrea , Castellani Maria Rita , Cantù Giulio , Fossati‐Bellani Franca , Rosai Juan 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackgroundSurvival rates are reportedly excellent for papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) in childhood/adolescence, despite their strong tendency to spread. The aim of this study was to verify this assumption in a single‐institution series spanning a 30‐year period with a very long follow‐up.ProcedureFrom 1968 to 2001, 74 cases of thyroid carcinoma were collected. The papillary histological type was confirmed in 42 cases with available slides; we recorded the sex, age at diagnosis, age of menarche, tumor side and size, TNM/pTNM classification, multicentricity, vascular invasion, type of surgery, post‐operative complications, post‐surgical therapies and outcome up to May 31, 2004.ResultsThe female/male ratio was 2.2; pT4, pN1 and M1 cases were 52%, 95%, and 12% (four in lungs and one in bone), respectively. Total thyroidectomy was performed in 33 patients, hemithyroidectomy in 8, and a biopsy in 1 inoperable case. Nine patients (21%) relapsed, six in the cervical lymph nodes and three in the lungs. After a median follow‐up of 189 months, all patients were alive, two of them with evidence of disease. Overall and progression‐free survival curves were independent of sex, age, TNM/pTNM classification, or type of surgery. Overall survival was also independent of recurrence.ConclusionsUnlike its adult counterpart, PTC of childhood and adolescence is a cancer with a high frequency of spread, but an excellent outcome irrespective of sex, age at diagnosis, TNM/pTNM classification, type of surgery, recurrence. Since pediatric PTCs proved highly responsive to hormone manipulation, it is worth considering a different therapeutic approach from adult cases. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Shwachman‐Diamond syndrome
Authors: Dror Yigal 
Published: July 2005

AbstractShwachman‐Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an inherited marrow failure disorder with varying cytopenia, pancreatic dysfunction, and metaphyseal dysostosis. SDS is also characterized by a risk of myelodysplasia and leukemia in up to one third of the patients. Over the last 5 years, major advances have been made in understanding the bone marrow phenotype. The gene associated with the disease, SBDS, has recently been identified. Herein we provide an update on the clinical features, the hematopoietic defects, and the genetics of the disease as they are currently understood. We also review the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the hematological complications in the syndrome. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Successful treatment of the HIV‐associated Burkitt lymphoma in a three‐year‐old child
Authors: Fedorova Alina , Mlyavaya Tamara , Alexeichik Alexei , Busel Tatyana , Petrovich Inna , Aleinikova Olga 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe report a case of successful treatment of advanced Burkitt lymphoma in a 3‐year‐old girl with congenitally acquired HIV infection. She was treated with intensive chemotherapy combined with highly active anti‐retroviral therapy (HAART). She had not received any anti‐retroviral therapy and had stage C3 HIV infection on admission. She was treated with modified BFM 90 and remission was achieved. Simultaneously with chemotherapy, HAART with three drugs was carried out, resulting in improvements in HIV parameters. Our report suggests chemotherapy combined with HAART is feasible in children and may favorably change the outcomes in pediatric patients with AIDS‐NHL. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temozolomide in resistant or relapsed pediatric solid tumors
Authors: De Sio L. , Milano G.M. , Castellano A. , Jenkner A. , Fidani P. , Dominici C. , Donfrancesco A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractPurposeWe report the off‐label study aimed at investigating the use of temozolomide (TMZ) as single agent in relapsed or resistant pediatric solid tumors. The drug was administered at the dose of 215 mg/m2/day × 5 days or 180 mg/m2/day × 5 days in patients with prior craniospinal irradiation (CSI) or autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT).Patients and MethodsFifty two patients, median age 127.6 months, with resistant or relapsed solid tumors were enrolled. Tumor types were: neuroblastoma (NB; n = 17), medulloblastoma (MB; 8), brain stem glioma (BSG; 8), extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (EOES; 4), Ewing's sarcoma (ES; 4), anaplastic astrocytoma (AA; 3), rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS; 2), ependymoma (EP; 2), cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (cPNET; 2), hepatocarcinoma (HC; 1), and osteosarcoma (OS; 1). All patients were pre‐treated. Two outpatient courses were administered, with a median of 4.8 courses/pt.ResultsObjective response‐rate (CR + PR + MR) in our series was 13.4% (1.9% CR, 3.8% PR, and 7.7% MR), SD occurred in 38.4% of patients and 48% had PD. The median survival was 7.8 months (range 1–37) and median time to progression was 3.4 months (range 1–20); these data were significantly correlated with histology and previous nitrosureas administration in multivariate analysis. Haematological toxicity grade 3–4 (mainly thrombocytopenia) was observed in 21.4% of administered courses, nausea was reported in 3.1% and respiratory distress in 0.7%.ConclusionOral TMZ was well tolerated in children with resistant or relapsed solid tumors and showed activity in NB and CNS tumours refractory to standard chemotherapy. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Symptomatic hypoglycemia: An unusual side effect of oral purine analogues for treatment of ALL
Authors: Bay Ali , Öner Ahmet Faik , Cesur Yasar , Dogan Murat , Etlik Ozdal , Sanli Fatih 
Published: July 2005

AbstractSymptomatic hypoglycemia is an unusual complication in children receiving oral purine analogues for treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The exact mechanism of the hypoglycemic effect of the antimetabolic therapy remains unclear. Reduced hepatic glycogen stores or impaired hepatic glyconeogenesis may partly explain the hypoglycemia. To prevent hypoglycemia, food containing complex carbohydrates is recommended before sleep. In severe cases of hypoglycemia due to 6‐mercaptopurine (6‐MP), the dose can be given in the morning and if this fails 6‐MP can be discontinued for a short period of time. We report a 3‐year‐old child who developed severe early morning hypoglycemia episodes that resolved after decreasing 6‐MP while receiving non‐high risk ALL therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006;47:330–331. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cooperative evolution in protein complexes of yeast from comparative analyses of its interaction network
Authors: Vergassola Massimo , Vespignani Alessandro , Dujon Bernard 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA comparative analysis among Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the other four yeasts Candida glabrata, Kluyveromyces lactis, Debaryomyces hansenii, and Yarrowia lipolytica is presented. The broad evolutionary range spanned by the organisms allows to quantitatively demonstrate novel evolutionary effects in protein complexes. The evolution rates within cliques of interlinked proteins are found to bear strong multipoint correlations, witnessing a cooperative coevolution of complex subunits. The coevolution is found to be largely independent of the tendency of the subunits to have similar abundances.
The human plasma proteome: Analysis of Chinese serum using shotgun strategy
Authors: He Ping , He Hong‐Zhi , Dai Jie , Wang Ying , Sheng Quan‐Hu , Zhou Lan‐Ping , Zhang Zi‐Sen , Sun Yu‐Lin , Liu Fang , Wang Kun , Zhang Jin‐Sheng , Wang Hui‐Xin , Song Zhen‐Mei , Zhang Hai‐Rong , Zeng Rong , Zhao Xiaohang 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe have investigated the serum proteome of Han‐nationality Chinese by using shotgun strategy. A complete proteomics analysis was performed on two reference specimens from a total of 20 healthy donors, in which each sample was made from ten‐pooled male or female serum, respectively. The methodology used encompassed (1) removal of six high‐abundant proteins; (2) tryptic digestion of low‐ and high‐abundant proteins of serum; (3) separation of peptide mixture by RP‐HPLC followed by ESI‐MS/MS identification. A total of 944 nonredundant proteins were identified under a stringent filter condition (Xcorr ≥ 1.9, ≥2.2, and ≥3.75, ≤Cn ≥ 0.1, and Rsp ≥ 4.0) in both pooled male and female samples, in which 594 and 622 entire proteins were found, respectively. Compared with the total 3020 protein identifications confirmed by more than one laboratory or more than one specimen in HUPO Plasma Proteome Project (PPP) participating laboratories recently, 206 proteins were identified with at least two distinct peptides per protein and 185 proteins were considered as high‐confidence identification. Moreover, some lower abundance serum proteins (ng/mL range) were detected, such as complement C5 and CA125, routinely used as an ovarian cancer marker in plasma and serum. The resulting nonredundant list of serum proteins would add significant information to the knowledge base of human plasma proteome and facilitate disease markers discovery.
Polymerization of 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate in bulk and solution by chemical initiator and by ATRP method
Authors: Vargün Elif , Usanmaz Ali 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn this study, 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was polymerized to obtain polymers that can be used as hydrogel and copolymerized for biomedical applications. Bulk, solution, and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) techniques at different temperatures were applied. The polymerization in bulk form was carried out in vacuum and in open atmosphere. The polymerization curves showed autoacceleration mechanism and the limiting conversion was 100%. The polymers obtained were insoluable in most common solvents because of high molecular weights and strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding. They absorb more than 30% (w/w) water as hydrogel. To decrease the molecular weight and obtain soluble polymers, HEA was polymerized in solution by ATRP method, which also gave insoluble hydrogel type polymers. The activation energy for bulk polymerization was 155.8 kJ/mol, which is very high for a free radical polymerization. This is due to the high degree of intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which was also supported by FTIR and TGA analysis. The polymers were characterized by FT‐IR, DSC, TGA, and 1H NMR techniques. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 3957–3965, 2005
Novel materials for bioanalytical and biomedical applications: Environmental response and binding/release capabilities of amphiphilic hydrogels with shape‐persistent dendritic junctions
Authors: Zhu Chao , Hard Courtney , Lin Caiping , Gitsov Ivan 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe binding and release capabilities of a hydrogel series, constructed of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) segments and hydrophobic dendritic junctions [poly (benzyl ether)s], are evaluated in aqueous media. The environmental response of the amphiphilic networks is also tested in water at three pH values: 1.5, 7.0, and 10.1. The highest swelling ratio is observed under acidic conditions and varies between 3.7 and 6.5, depending on the crosslinking density and dendrimer generation. Gel specimens with embedded indicators react within 3–6 s with a clear color switch to the change in the pH of the surrounding medium. The experiments with model anionic and cationic indicators and stains show that the hydrogels have basic interiors. The gel binding capabilities depend on the water solubility of the substrate and on the size of the incorporated dendritic fragments. Model release studies have been performed at 37 °C and pHs 1.5, 7.0, and 10.1. The observed phenomena are explained by the transformations in the structure and charge that both the networks and the model compounds undergo with the changes in the pH of the aqueous medium. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 4017–4029, 2005
Synthesis and physical properties of layered silicates/polyurethane nanocomposites
Authors: Gorrasi Giuliana , Tortora Mariarosaria , Vittoria Vittoria 
Published: July 2005

AbstractSamples of polyurethane nanocomposites were synthesized using diphenylmethane diisocyanate, poly(ε‐caprolactone) diol, di(ethylene glycol), and a clay functionalized by hydroxyl groups. The inorganic content in the hybrids was 2 wt %, 4 wt %, and 8 wt %. The X‐ray analysis showed that exfoliation occurred for clay content equal to 2% (w/w), whereas for higher contents, the inorganic phase rearranges in an intercalated structure. FTIR analysis suggested that the degree of hydrogen bonding in the hard segments was greatly reduced because of the amount of silicate layers and their dispersion. The dynamic‐mechanical analysis showed that the presence of clay lamellae extends very much the temperature range before the hard domain transition, causing the loss of mechanical consistency of the samples. It is less than 100 °C for the pure polymer, and increases up to 200 °C for the nanocomposites. The permeability of water vapor decreases linearly with inorganic content up to 4% of inorganic phase, and levels off at higher concentrations. The permeability behavior, at low activities, is largely dominated by the diffusion phenomenon. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2454–2467, 2005
Crossover behavior in crystal growth rate from n‐alkane to polyethylene
Authors: Waheed Numan , Rutledge Gregory C. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA crystal growth rate equation, parameterized from molecular dynamics simulations of n‐alkanes, is compared to recent experiments on growth rates for polyethylene at high undercooling. The analysis reveals that the growth rate of alkanes and polyethylene can both be described by the same relationship. The appropriate relaxation time is used to describe the kinetic barrier to crystallization. For chains shorter than the entanglement length, this is the Rouse time. For chains longer than the entanglement molecular weight, kinetic limitations are modeled by the local relaxation of an entangled segment at the interface. This model supports a different mechanism for fast crystal growth at high undercooling than that usually inferred from slow growth data near the melting temperature. Use of the crystal growth rate model is illustrated for polyethylene crystallizing under conditions of slow cooling and fast cooling. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2468–2473, 2005
Thermal effects in the size distribution of SiC nanodots on Si(111)
Authors: Flores M. , Fuenzalida V. , Häberle P. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe have used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X‐ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the formation of nanoscopic structures on Si(111), from wafers with a high bulk C concentration. The samples were prepared by long time thermal annealing of the silicon samples, followed by a high temperature flash in ultrahigh vacuum. An increased surface C con‐ centration is induced by segregation from the bulk. The surface is found to roughen on the nanososcopic length scale, exhibiting a random distribution of nanostructures. The height range of the structures varies between 2 and 20 nm. The size distribution is strongly dependent on the low‐temperature preparation con‐ ditions. Ex‐situ XPS measurements reveal the formation of SiC bonds, thus confirming the nanodots are formed by a surface recombination of SiC. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Generalized Wiener indices in hexagonal chains
Authors: Eu Sen‐Peng , Yang Bo‐Yin , Yeh Yeong‐Nan 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe Wiener index, or the Wiener number, also known as the “sum of distances” of a connected graph, is one of the quantities associated with a molecular graph that correlates nicely to physical and chemical properties, and has been studied in depth. An index proposed by Schultz is shown to be related to the Wiener index for trees, and Ivan Gutman proposed a modification of the Schultz index with similar properties. We deduce a similar relationship between these three indices for catacondensed benzenoid hydrocarbons (graphs formed of concatenated hexagons, or hexagonal chains, or sometimes acenes). Indeed, we may define three families of generalized Wiener indices, which include the Schultz and Modified Schultz indices as special cases, such that similar explicit formulae for all generalized Wiener indices hold on hexagonal chains. We accomplish this by first giving a more refined proof of the formula for the standard Wiener index of a hexagonal chain, then extending it to the generalized Wiener indices via the notion of partial Wiener indices. Finally, we discuss possible extensions of the result. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006
Atmospheric O2, CO2 and δ13C measurements from aircraft sampling over Griffin Forest, Perthshire, UK
Authors: Sturm Patrick , Leuenberger Markus , Moncrieff John , Ramonet Michel 
Published: July 2005

AbstractRegular vertical aircraft sampling has been performed in the lower troposphere above Griffin Forest, near Aberfeldy, Perthshire, UK (56°37′N, 3°47′W), between February 2003 and May 2004, for analysis of O2/N2, CO2 and δ13C of CO2. We sampled flasks between 800 and 3100 m above sea level. The peak‐to‐peak amplitude of the seasonal cycle of O2/N2 decreases from 171 per meg at 800 m to 113 per meg at 3100 m. Furthermore, the seasonal cycle is shifted from low to high altitudes with a lag of about 1 month. The same features are observed for CO2 with a decrease in the peak‐to‐peak amplitude of the seasonal cycle from 17.6 ppm at 800 m to 11.4 ppm at 3100 m. The vertical profiles show decreasing O2/N2 ratios in summer and increasing O2/N2 ratios in wintertime with increasing sampling height, due to surface exchange of oxygen with the land biosphere and the ocean. The O2:CO2 exchange ratios of the vertical profiles vary between −1.5 and −2.4 mol O2/mol CO2. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.