bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of critical care unit personnel regarding pediatric palliative care: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Lu Hua , Jin Linfei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Few studies have evaluated the perceptions of healthcare providers in China regarding pediatric palliative care, particularly in critical care units (PICUs), where many children receive palliative care. To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of PICU personnel in China regarding pediatric palliative care.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in five cities in China (Shanghai, Suzhou, Chongqing, Chengdu and Yunnan) between November 2022 and December 2022.
Results
The analysis included 204 participants (122 females), with 158 nurses and 46 physicians. The average knowledge, attitude and practice scores were 9.75 ± 2.90 points (possible range, 0–13 points), 38.30 ± 3.80 points (possible range, 12–60 points) and 35.48 ± 5.72 points (possible range, 9–45 points), respectively. Knowledge score was higher for physicians than for nurses (P < 0.001) and for personnel with previous training in pediatric palliative care (P = 0.017), with previous theory-based training (P = 0.008), and who worked in a department where pediatric palliative care was available (P = 0.015). According to structural equation modelling knowledge had a direct positive effect on attitude (β = 0.221 (0.088–0.346), p = 0.003), but influence of knowledge or attitude on practice was insignificant.
Conclusions
There is room for improvement in the knowledge, attitudes and practices of PICU personnel in China regarding pediatric palliative care. The findings of this study may facilitate the design and implementation of targeted education/training programs to better inform physicians and nurses in China about pediatric palliative care.
Current and future predicted distribution range of Indian Flying Fox Pteropus medius Temmink, 1825 in Nepal
Authors: Thapa Sanjan , Dahal Dibya Raj , Baral Suraj , Pandey Kishor , Thapa Tej Bahadur , Racey Paul A. , Yu Wenhua , Wu Yi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pteropus medius is exclusively distributed in South Asia. Among four species of fruit bats occurring in Nepal, the Indian Flying Fox is the largest of all. Their known roosts are distributed within an elevation range of 75 to 1,322 m asl throughout east west in the Tarai, Chure and Inner-Tarai region and in central Middle Mountains of the country. The species is known to pollinate and disperse seeds of more than 26 families of flowering plants. Most of the known roosts lie within and in the close vicinity of human settlements and farmlands. Recently, impacts of global warming on roost and foraging habitat of fruit bats including flying foxes have been evidenced in different parts of the globe, however, it is still unknown in Nepal. In addition, most of the known roosting colonies of P. medius are outside the protected areas and are vulnerable due to greater threats. Based upon 44 roosts occurrence coordinates of P. medius and six low-correlated bio-climatic variables (r > 0.75), we built habitat suitability models using Maximum Entropy. The current potential distribution of the species covers an area of 38,688 km2 (About 26% of the country’s total area). Minimum Temperature of Coldest Month (bio 6), Precipitation of Coldest Quarter (bio 19) and Mean Diurnal Range (bio 2) are most influencing predictors. In the future, its overall distribution range in overall will slightly contract, although it will expand at the lower elevations in Tarai, Chure and Inner-Tarai regions. The future distribution is not expected to shift towards northern latitude and higher elevations.
A method for identifying warm fronts in Eurasia
Authors: Qin Yujing , Wang Jiachen , Lu Chuhan , Feng Mengru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Warm fronts often trigger significant weather changes, which play a role in numerous extreme weather incidents. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the location and characteristics of warm fronts to accurately forecast weather changes. This paper proposes a new objective method for identifying warm fronts in the Eurasia region using ERA-5 hourly reanalysis data. The method uses the appropriate thermal front parameter and warm advection threshold to identify the potential warm frontal zone, then determines the corresponding warm boundary according to the predominant wind direction within the frontal zone, and finally locates the warm front line along the warm boundary. By analyzing objective warm fronts in different weather processes, the strong correlation with weather systems and meteorological elements substantiates the effectiveness of the method. The substantial agreement with between objective warm fronts and manual identified ones further solidifies the reliability of the method. Furthermore, this method is applied to the long-term datasets covering Eurasia, enabling an exploration of the climatological characteristics of warm fronts in the region. The study reveals distinct seasonal patterns in warm front frequency, with the highest frequency occurring during winter and the lowest during summer. Warm fronts are notably active in Europe, the Siberian Plain, the Northeast China Plain extending to the Western Pacific during winter, spring and autumn. The dataset of warm fronts produced by this method proves valuable for climate change research.
Environmental Sensitivity and Knowledge: Before and After Viewing the Documentary “The Last Drop” Among High School Students
Authors: Dean Rachel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The United States Water Crisis examines freshwater scarcity in the West Coast of the nation. A quantitative survey methodology was implemented in this study to assess the knowledge and environmental sensitivity of high school students before and after viewing the environmental documentary, The Last Drop, produced by National Geographic. The Last Drop is a persuasive environmental documentary with the intent to encourage a reduction of water consumption and conservation of water sources across the globe. A Z-Score and T-test were both utilized in order to evaluate the statistical severity of the survey questions. Survey conclusions were statistically significant and helped to prove that the documentary aided in increasing environmental sensitivity and knowledge after viewing the documentary. This study helps to validate that media is relevant in altering student perception of environmental topics, and visual aids contribute to the overall understanding of the severity of environmental concerns. Conclusions align with surrounding research on environmental documentaries.
Shielding of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Aqueous Solution: Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Valleroy Corey , Wexler Carlos 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) exhibit a temperature dependent near infrared (NIR) exciton spectrum when solvated in water with the help of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants. Since SWNTs are biocompatible and the NIR spectrum is in transparent window for biological tissue, this represents a potential means for sensing temperature inside cells. Here we seek to investigate a possible mechanism for this temperature dependence: changes in the water coverage of the SWNT as the surfactant structure changes with temperature. Using fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations we observe for the conditions of our simulation that the SDS structure shield the SWNT effectively, with ~ 70% of water molecules removed from the first two adlayers; this coverage showing a modest temperature dependence. Although we are not able to directly show how this influences the NIR spectrum, this represents a possible pathway since there is a strong influence of the water environment on the excitons in SWNTs.
A large bird’s digestive tract has an opposite intersexual pattern than body size
Authors: Kwieciński Zbigniew , Tryjanowski Piotr , Zduniak Piotr 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe appropriate structure of the digestive tract is crucial for individual adaptation to ecological conditions. In birds, the length of the small intestine, responsible for food absorption, is generally believed to be positively correlated with body size. In this study, we investigated the variation in small intestine length in the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia), a monomorphic species without visible sexual dimorphism, but characterized by differing parental efforts, which can be reflected by the small intestine lengths between the sexes. Then, we examined the relationship between small intestine length, body size and condition within the sexes. Our findings show that male White Storks have significantly shorter small intestines than females, despite having larger body sizes than the latter. Furthermore, we found a strong relationship between body condition and small intestine length, but it was of a different nature in the two sexes. Males exhibited a previously unreported phenomenon, whereby improving body condition was associated with shortening small intestines, whereas females exhibited the opposite pattern. Moreover, in contrast to females, increasing body size in males resulted in significant small intestine shortening. These novel findings shed light on the anatomical adaptations of the digestive tract in birds.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals major genes, transcription factors and biosynthetic pathways associated with leaf senescence in rice under different nitrogen application
Authors: Zhang Yafang , Wang Ning , He Chenggong , Gao Zhiping , Chen Guoxiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world and the application of nitrogen fertilizer is an effective means of ensuring stable and high rice yields. However, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer not only causes a decline in the quality of agricultural products, but also leads to a series of environmental costs. Nitrogen reutilisation is closely related to leaf senescence, and nitrogen deficiency will lead to early functional leaf senescence, whereas moderate nitrogen application will help to delay leaf senescence and promote the production of photosynthetic assimilation products in leaves to achieve yield increase. Therefore, it is important to explore the mechanism by which nitrogen affects rice senescence, to search for genes that are tolerant to low nitrogen, and to delay the premature senescence of rice functional leaves.Results The present study was investigated the transcriptional changes in flag leaves between full heading and mature grain stages of rice (O. sativa) sp. japonica ‘NanGeng 5718’ under varying nitrogen (N) application: 0 kg/ha (0N), 240 kg/ha (MN), and 300 kg/ha (HN). Compared to MN condition, a total of 10427 and 8177 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in 0N and HN, respectively. We selected DEGs with opposite expression trends under 0N and HN conditions for GO and KEGG analyses to reveal the molecular mechanisms of nitrogen response involving DEGs. We confirmed that different N applications caused reprogramming of plant hormone signal transduction, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism and photosynthesis pathways in regulating leaf senescence. Most DEGs of the jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid and salicylic acid metabolic pathways were up-regulated under 0N condition, whereas DEGs related to cytokinin and ascorbate metabolic pathways were induced in HN. Major transcription factors include ERF, WRKY, NAC and bZIP TF families have similar expression patterns which were induced under N starvation condition.Conclusion Our results revealed that different nitrogen levels regulate rice leaf senescence mainly by affecting hormone levels and ascorbic acid synthesis. Jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid and salicylic acid promote early leaf senescence under low nitrogen condition, ethylene and ascorbate delay senescence under high nitrogen condition. In addition, ERF, WRKY, NAC and bZIP TF families promote early leaf senescence. The relevant genes can be used as candidate genes for the regulation of senescence. The results will provide gene reference for further genomic studies and new insights into the gene functions, pathways and transcription factors of N level regulates leaf senescence in rice, thereby improving NUE and reducing the adverse effects of over-application of N.
Sex Differences in the Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Outcomes of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Large Cohort Study
Authors: Lin Po-Tso , Hseu Shu-Shya , Fuh Jong-Ling , Lirng Jiing-Feng , Chen Shih-Pin , Chen Wei-Ta , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Wang Yen-Feng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is associated with considerable functional disability and potentially fatal complications, and it is uncertain whether men and women should be managed differently. We aimed to determine sex differences in clinical profiles and treatment outcomes in spontaneous intracranial hypotension.
Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of consecutive spontaneous intracranial hypotension patients enrolled from a tertiary medical center between December 1997 and January 2021 and followed up for at least three months. Medical records and imaging findings were reviewed. The outcome of treatment responses to epidural blood patches and risks of subdural hematoma and surgical drainage were measured.
Results
In total, 442 patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (165M/277F, mean age 40.3 ± 10.0 years) were included in the analysis. Men had longer delays between disease onset and initial hospital presentation (20.8 ± 21.5 vs. 38.2 ± 67.4 days, P = .002), and were less likely to have nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and tinnitus compared with women (all P < .05) despite comparable radiologic findings. Among the 374 patients treated with epidural blood patches, men were more likely to fail the first epidural blood patch (58.0% vs. 39.0%, odds ratio [OR] = 2.2 [95% confidence interval = 1.4–3.3], P < .001). However, the cumulative response rates to up to two epidural blood patches were similar in men and women (86.2% vs. 87.7%, P = .680). Men were at a higher risk of having subdural hematoma (29.7% vs. 10.8%, OR = 3.5 [95% CI = 2.1–5.8], P < .001). Among patients with subdural hematoma, men had greater thickness (12.8 ± 4.3 vs. 8.1 ± 5.9 mm, P < .001) and were more likely to receive surgical drainage (55.1% vs. 10.0%, OR = 11.0 [95% CI = 3.0-41.3], P < .001) than women. Two of the three patients with mortality or significant disability were men, and the only death in women was attributed to the underlying malignancy.
Conclusions
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension in men is characterized by a delayed presentation, poorer response to the first epidural blood patch, and a higher risk of subdural hematoma. Caution should be exercised in the management of men with spontaneous intracranial hypotension, and more aggressive measures, such as early and/or multiple epidural blood patches, may be helpful.
Expression of m7G RNA methylation regulators in osteoarthritis and their predictive markers
Authors: Huo Zhenhui , Hao Kuo , Wang Xingkai , Fan Chongyi , Kong Lingce , Chang Bo , Niu Yingzhen , Wang Fei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease that places an increasing burden on modern society. Synovial inflammation plays an important role in osteoarthritis. Therefore, new approaches or techniques for the diagnosis of OA are urgently needed. 7-methylguanosine (m7G) is one of the most common forms of base modification in post-transcriptional regulation. Studies have reported that m7G is involved in the development of different diseases. However, the function of m7G RNA methylation regulators in synovial tissue remains unclear, and the expression and predictive value of m7G RNA methylation regulators are rarely reported. So new studies are needed to fill this gap.
Methods
Firstly, 40 m7G RNA methylation-related genes were selected from the four pathways of the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) database and compared with the GSE55457 dataset in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to obtain gene expression profiles and clinical information. And 25 related genes were obtained. These genes were analyzed for functional enrichment, protein-protein interactions (PPI), and correlation among regulators. Six differential genes were also selected after the differential analysis of the 25 m7G RNA methylation-related regulators in OA and normal patients. The expression of differential genes in OA patients and the correlation between regulators were analyzed. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of m7G related genes in distinguishing OA patients from healthy population.
Results
We found that these genes are mainly involved in RNA metabolism, RNA cap binding, and the formation of RNA cap-binding complexes, and that the regulation of RNA cap formation has a strong impact on gene regulation. Then we identified 6 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 25 genes between OA and normal people, confirming for the first time that SNUPN and NUDT11 were associated with early diagnosis and prediction of OA.
Conclusions
The regulators of m7G RNA methylation play a crucial role in the advancement of OA and hold promise in terms of prognosis. However, the clinical effects of these biomarkers on OA need further study.
Improving Quality of Analysis by Suppression of Unwanted Signals Through Band- Selective Excitation in NMR Spectroscopy for Metabolomics Studies
Authors: Singh Upendra , Al-Nemi Ruba , Alahmari Fatimah , Emwas Abdul-Hamid , Jaremko Mariusz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy stands as a preeminent analytical tool in the field of metabolomics. Nevertheless, when it comes to identifying metabolites present in scant amounts within various complex mixtures of plants, honey, milk, and biological specimens, NMR-based metabolomics presents a formidable challenge. This predicament arises primarily from the fact that the signals emanating from metabolites existing in low concentrations tend to be overshadowed by the signals of highly concentrated metabolites within NMR spectra. To tackle the issue of intense sugar signals overshadowing the desired metabolite signals, an optimal pulse sequence with band-selective excitation has been proposed for the suppression of sugar’s moiety signals (SSMS). This sequence serves the crucial purpose of suppressing unwanted signals, with a particular emphasis on mitigating the interference caused by sugar moieties' signals. We have implemented this comprehensive approach to various NMR techniques, including 1D 1H presaturation (presat), 2D J-resolved (RES), 2D 1H-1H Total Correlation Spectroscopy (TOCSY), and 2D 1H-13C Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence (HSQC) for the samples of dates-flesh, honey, a standard stock solution of glucose, and nine amino acids, and fetal bovine serum. The outcomes of this approach have been significant. The suppression of the high-intensity sugar signals has considerably enhanced the visibility and sensitivity of the signals emanating from the desired metabolites. This, in turn, enables the identification of a greater number of metabolites. Additionally, it streamlines the experimental process, reducing the time required for the comparative quantification of metabolites in statistical studies in the field of metabolomics.
C-C,N,S treats atrial fibrillation through regulating inflammatory procession: a study of network pharmacology research and gene set enrichment analysis validation
Authors: Yang Shuo , Wang Lianxin , Hu Yuanhui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Triangle drug combination of Citrus medica L.var.sarcodactylis Swingle, Naradostachys jatamansi DC. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (C-C,N,S) is usually appeared in atrial fibrillation-treating (AF) decoction and has good clinical effects. However, the core pathological process and mechanism of C-C,N,S intervening AF is unclear. So we intend to use network pharmacology and gene set enrichment analysis to explore the potential mechanism. We detected all compounds of C-C,N,S from CNKI database, predicted its bioactive compounds and potential anti-AF targets from related online platforms and databases. Then through PPI network, gene expression analyses, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on anti-AF targets, we determined the potential mechanism of C-C,N,S treating AF. Finally we used gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to validate the therapeutic effect of C-C,N,S. In conclusion, the therapeutic effect of C-C,N,S treating AF was focused on anti-inflammation. C-C,N,S can regulate inflammatory process and inhibit atrial remodeling and fibrosis through regulating TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway (MAPK signaling involved in) and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Some genes regulated by specific herbal medicine explained reason of the combination.
Interim 18F-FDG-PET based response-adaptive dose escalation of proton therapy for head and neck cancer: a treatment planning feasibility study
Authors: Garrido-Hernandez Guillermo , Henjum Helge , Winter René Mario , Alsaker Mirjam Delange , Danielsen Signe , Boer Camilla Grindeland , Ytre-Hauge Kristian , Redalen Kathrine Røe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Image-driven dose escalation to tumor subvolumes has been proposed to improve treatment outcome in head and neck cancer (HNC). We used 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) acquired at baseline and two-three weeks into treatment (interim) to identify biologic target volumes (BTV). We assessed the feasibility of interim dose escalation to the BTV with proton therapy by simulating the effects to organs at risk (OARs).
Methods
We used the semiautomated just-enough-interaction (JEI) method to semi-automatically identify BTVs from 18F-FDG-PET images from nine HNC patients. Between baseline and interim FDG-PET all patients received photon radiotherapy. BTV was defined by assuming that lasting standardized uptake value (SUV) at interim reflects tumor radioresistance. Using Eclipse (Varian Medical Systems), we simulated the effects of a 10% (6.8 Gy(RBE1.1)) dose escalation to the BTV with protons and compared results with proton plans without dose escalation.
Results
At interim 18F-FDG-PET, radiotherapy resulted in reduced SUV compared to baseline. However, there was a spatial overlap between high-SUV regions at baseline and interim that allowed definition of the BTV. Proton therapy planning demonstrated that dose escalation to the BTV was feasible while the increases in median and max dose to OARs remained below 2.0 Gy(RBE1.1) and 1.0 Gy(RBE1.1), respectively.
Conclusion
Our in silico analysis demonstrated the potential for response-adaptive dose escalation to the BTV with proton therapy based on interim 18F-FDG-PET. This approach may give more efficient treatment to HNC with radioresistant tumor subvolumes without increasing normal tissue toxicity. Further studies in larger cohorts are required to determine the full potential for interim 18F-FDG-PET-guided dose escalation of proton therapy in HNC.