bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between air quality and asthma-related emergency hospital admissions in Mexico City 2017–2019
Authors: Hayes Louise , Mejia-Arangure Juan Manuel , Errington Adam , Bramwell Lindsay , Vega Elizabeth , Nunez-Enriquez Juan Carlos , Namdeo Anil , Entwistle Jane , Miquelajauregui Yosune , Jaimes-Palomera Mónica , Torres Nancy , Rascón-Pacheco R Alberto , Duarte-Rodríguez David A , McNally Richard 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundPrevious studies found exposure to air pollution leads to exacerbations of asthma in paediatric and adult patients and increases asthma-related emergency hospital admissions (AREHA).MethodsAREHAs and levels of air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5and NO2) were obtained from Mexico City for the period 2017–2019. A time-series approach was used to explore the relationship between air pollutants and AREHA. Relative risks of AREHA were estimated using a negative binomial regression in young children (less than 5 years) and adults (greater than 18 years).ResultsThere was a positive association between AREHA and PM10, PM2.5and NO2in adults, which remained after mutual adjustment for these pollutants. The relative risk (RR) of admission in adults increased by 3% (95% CI 1% to 4%) for a 10 µg/m3increase in PM10, 1% (0.03% to 3%) for a 5 µg/m3increase in PM2.5and by 1% (0.06% to 2%) for a 5 µg/m3increase in NO2. In contrast, in young children, AREHAs were negatively associated with PM10after adjustment for NO2(RR 0.97 (0.95 to 0.99) for a 10 µg/m3and with NO2after adjustment for PM10and PM2.5(RR 0.98 (0.96 to 0.99) and 0.97 (0.96 to 0.99), respectively, for a 5 µg/m3increase in NO2). AREHAs in children were not associated with PM2.5after adjustment for NO2.ConclusionsAmbient air pollution, within the previous week, was associated with emergency hospital admissions for asthma to public hospitals in adults in Mexico City. The relationship in children was less consistent. Further work is needed to explore why differences between adults and children exist to inform appropriate interventions to benefit public health.
Performance of an asymmetric pit-in-pit excavation supported by diaphragm wall and multi uplift piles system in coastal areas
Authors: Wang Ruisong , Dong Hongyuan , Shen Daoxu , Li Jianfeng , Ni Pengpeng , Zhao Chenyang 
Published: November 2023

The performance of asymmetric pit-in-pit excavation supported by diaphragm wall and multi uplift piles in coastal areas has been rarely reported. In this work, a case study is conducted to investigate the mechanical characteristics of such excavation. A numerical model is established using the ABAQUS finite element platform, and its effectiveness is evaluated by comparing with the field monitoring data. After evaluation, the effects of uplift piles on excavation-induced deformations are investigated. The results show that the maximum wall deflections ( δhm) are 0.02%–0.22% of the excavation depth ( He), with the ground surface settlements of less than 0.6%· He and the settlement influence zone extending beyond 4 He. As the soil is excavated, the top wall shows outward deformations to the active zone, and the transverse support is under tension. The use of combined diaphragm wall and multi uplift piles reduces the embedment ratio of diaphragm wall to a minimum value of 0.14 and decreases the δhm and rebound of base soil ( δvrm) by 42% and 63%, respectively. A design suggestion is proposed for pile diameter ( D), pile length ( L), and pile spacing ( S) to fall within the range of 0.4–0.8 m, 10–20 m and 6–8 D, respectively.
A novel method for calculating Bose–Einstein correlation functions with Coulomb final-state interaction
Authors: Nagy Márton , Purzsa Aletta , Csanád Máté , Kincses Dániel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMeasurements of Bose–Einstein correlations played a crucial role in the discovery and the subsequent detailed exploration of the Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) created in high-energy collisions of heavy nuclei. Such measurements gave rise to femtoscopy, a flourishing sub-field of high-energy physics, and there are important new directions to explore and discoveries to be made in the near future. One of these important current topics is the precise investigation of the shape of the correlation functions utilizing Lévy-stable sources. In this paper, we utilize Lebesgue’s dominated convergence theorem and Fubini’s theorem to present a novel method of calculating the shape of the two-particle correlation functions, including the Coulomb final-state interaction. This method relies on an exact calculation of a large part of the necessary integrals of the Coulomb wave function and can be utilized to calculate the correlation function for any source function with an easily accessible Fourier transform. In this way, it is eminently applicable to Lévy-stable source functions. In this particular case, we find that the new method is more robust and allows the investigation of a wider parameter range than the previously utilized techniques. We present an easily applicable software package that is ready to use in experimental studies.
Thermodynamics and evaporation of perfect fluid dark matter black hole in phantom background
Authors: Liang Xiao , Hu Ya-Peng , Wu Chen-Hao , An Yu-Sen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present a novel interpretation of the thermodynamics of perfect fluid dark matter (PFDM) black hole based on Misner–Sharp energy and then investigate its evaporation behavior. We find that the ratio between dark sector initial density and black hole horizon radius significantly influences black hole evaporation behaviors. We demonstrate that the presence of the dark sector can significantly extend the lifetime of a black hole which is similar to the Reissner–Nordström case. Our work reformulates the thermodynamics of PFDM black holes and points out the existence of long-lived black holes in the presence of the dark sector.
Cellular, Physiological, and Biochemical Basis of Adaptive Response to Variable Osmotic Environments by the River Shad, Tenualosa ilisha
Authors: Akram Wasim , Tabassum Maliha , Rahi Md. Lifat 
Published: November 2023

The river shad, hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha), is an anadromous fish that migrates from marine to freshwater for spawning. This transition/migration poses severe osmotic stress that hilsa needs to successfully minimize. The present study was conducted to evaluate the cellular (ultrastructure of gill and kidney), physiological (hemocyte counts, blood, and water osmolality), and biochemical (free amino acids, free fatty acids, blood glucose, and cortisol levels) parameters of hilsa collected from four different environmental salinity levels (0‰, 10‰, 20‰, and 30‰ salinity levels; using 10 fish samples from each salinity). Results indicate that increased amount of fatty/mucus cells in the gill and lower number of glomerular capsules in kidney were observed at low (0‰ and 10‰) salinities compared to high (20‰ and 30‰) salinities. Water and blood osmolality (total ionic content) showed declining trends with lowering salinities. Total number of blood cells was also found to vary significantly

P

<

0.05

among salinities. Salinity-specific blood cortisol and glucose levels of hilsa were observed as 0‰ > 10‰ > 30‰ > 20‰. Total essential and free amino acids of hilsa blood showed significantly declining trends

P

<

0.05

with salinity reductions. No significant differences were observed between 10‰, 20‰, and 30‰ salinities for different types of fatty acids, while hilsa collected from 0‰ showed significantly higher

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<

0.05

levels of fatty acids compared to the remaining three salinities. Findings indicate that hilsa rapidly alters cellular, physiological, and biochemical traits for successful transition between different salinity habitats.
New records of teratology in Chiton cumingsii and Chiton granosus (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from the Peruvian coast
Authors: Cardich-Becerra Luz , Mendivil Alejandro , Cardoso Franz 
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the first teratological records for Peruvian waters of Chiton cumingsii Frembly, 1827 and Chiton granosus Frembly, 1827, both species very common in the Southeast Pacific. We found five abnormal individuals in C. cumingsii, and two in C. granosus, including the first recorded splitting abnormalities for these species. An individual of C. cumingsii with a new insertion plate in the tail valve was also observed. We observed that splitting abnormalities in Polyplacophora can be classified as perfect or imperfect, depending on whether the splitted valves are clearly recognized as individual fragments or not. Coalescence between the splitted valves seems to be a common phenomenon, and this coalescence can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. As both species show a combination of hypomerism, coalescence and splitting, we suggest that they are probably interrelated and represent an attempt of the developmental mechanisms of chitons to overcome a valve malformation.
How to Analyse Emojis, gif s, Embedded Images, Videos, and url s: A Bakhtinian Methodological Approach
Authors: Westbrook Fiona 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article offers a means of analysing social networking, visual dialogues of emojis, gif s (images in the Graphics Interchange Format), embedded images, videos, and url s (Uniform Resource Locators). Doing so addresses these often overlooked and undervalued forms of visual communication, suggesting a unique means of gaining insights into their use within online interactions. Utilising a Bakhtinian methodology, the author extracts excerpts from her research, situated within Facebook, to demonstrate a Bakhtinian genre analysis, a framework that the author contends is adaptable to multiple social networking spaces. Highlighting emojis, gif s, embedded images, videos, and url s as integral components of online communication, an emphasis is placed on how the text dances with the visual, presenting a nuanced framework for such an analysis. Consequently, an argument is developed for the significance of visual dialogues in contemporary online spaces, and the need for researchers to better understand these dynamic forms of communication, offered through Bakhtinian dialogism.
A patient with acute myocardial infarction with acute lower extremity arterial embolization underwent amputation under general anesthesia
Authors: Lin Yanjun , Xue Yanyan , Han Yalei , Bao Tongxin , Xue Jing , Lu Liangyuan 
Published: November 2023

Introduction Acute peripheral and coronary artery embolism are common complications of diabetes mellitus and greatly affect the clinical outcome of patients with diabetes; however, there are few reports about the symptoms and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and concurrent acute lower extremity arterial embolism (ALEAE). Case presentation A 44-year-old man with a history of 4 years of type 1 diabetes was admitted to hospital after suddenly experiencing severe pain in his right lower limb and feeling tightness in the left anterior chest area. Ultrasonography revealed distal occlusion of the right superficial femoral artery, and an electrocardiogram showed acute anterior interstitial myocardial infarction. After conservative treatment for 2 days, the patient had severe necrosis of the lower limbs and secondary injury of multiple organs. Haemodialysis and heparin anticoagulant therapy were performed before amputation. Twelve days after the operation, the patient's condition was stable, and he was transferred out of the intensive care unit. Conclusions If patients with ALEAE miss the opportunity for early treatment, even with AMI, emergency amputation under general anaesthesia is the right strategy to save lives.
Main targets of ibogaine and noribogaine associated with its putative anti-addictive effects: A mechanistic overview
Authors: Ona Genís , Reverte Ingrid , Rossi Giordano N , dos Santos Rafael G , Hallak Jaime EC , Colomina Maria Teresa , Bouso José Carlos 
Published: November 2023

Background: There is a growing interest in studying ibogaine (IBO) as a potential treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs). However, its clinical use has been hindered for mainly two reasons: First, the lack of randomized, controlled studies informing about its safety and efficacy. And second, IBO’s mechanisms of action remain obscure. It has been challenging to elucidate a predominant mechanism of action responsible for its anti-addictive effects. Objective: To describe the main targets of IBO and its main metabolite, noribogaine (NOR), in relation to their putative anti-addictive effects, reviewing the updated literature available. Methods: A comprehensive search involving MEDLINE and Google Scholar was undertaken, selecting papers published until July 2022. The inclusion criteria were both theoretical and experimental studies about the pharmacology of IBO. Additional publications were identified in the references of the initial papers. Results: IBO and its main metabolite, NOR, can modulate several targets associated with SUDs. Instead of identifying key targets, the action of IBO should be understood as a complex modulation of multiple receptor systems, leading to potential synergies. The elucidation of IBO’s pharmacology could be enhanced through the application of methodologies rooted in the polypharmacology paradigm. Such approaches possess the capability to describe multifaceted patterns within multi-target drugs. Conclusion: IBO displays complex effects through multiple targets. The information detailed here should guide future research on both mechanistic and therapeutic studies.
Using 3D MRI Bone Shape to Predict Pre-Osteoarthritis of the Knee 2 Years After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Williams Ashley A. , Koltsov Jayme C.B. , Brett Alan , He Jade , Chu Constance R. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury increases risks for osteoarthritis (OA), a poorly modifiable and disabling condition. Joint changes of potentially reversible pre-OA have been described just 2 years after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) when early bone shape changes have also been reported. Purpose: This study evaluates relationships between interlimb differences in tibiofemoral bone shape derived from statistical shape modeling (SSM) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and participant factors on patient-reported outcomes 2 years after unilateral ACLR. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: SSM-derived tibiofemoral bone shape and subchondral bone area were assessed from bilateral knee MRI scans of 72 participants with unilateral ACLR (mean age, 34 ± 11 years; 32 women) and compared with a reference cohort of 398 older individuals without OA (mean age, 50 ± 3 years; 213 women). Multivariable logistic regression models examined relationships between participant and surgical factors with interlimb differences in bone shapes or subchondral bone areas. Relationships between patient-reported outcomes and the interlimb differences in bone shape and subchondral area were examined using similar models. Results: Bone shape scores and subchondral bone areas were greater (more OA-like) in ACLR knees than uninjured contralateral knees in every bone metric tested ( P≤ .001). Interlimb differences in femur shape scores of participants with ACLR were 65% greater ( P < .001) than those of the significantly older reference cohort. Taller height, medial meniscal tears, and decreasing age were associated with larger interlimb differences in shape scores and subchondral areas ( P < .05). Bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) autograft recipients demonstrated greater interlimb subchondral area differences compared with allograft recipients ( P < .05). Interlimb differences for hamstring autograft recipients did not differ from those with BPTB or allograft. Greater interlimb differences in medial femur subchondral areas were associated with worse patient-reported Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Symptoms ( R = 0.27; P = .040). Conclusion: Even in the absence of radiographic OA, just 2 years after unilateral ACLR patients showed greater bone shape scores and subchondral areas consistent with pre-OA in their ACLR knees. Furthermore, greater medial femur bone areas were weakly associated with worse symptoms. Patients who are younger, are taller, have meniscal tears, or have BPTB grafts may be at increased risk for bony asymmetries 2 years after ACLR.
Effect of Intravenous Azithromycin on the QT Interval of ICU Patients
Authors: Oberlander Saidee R , Wall Geoffrey C 
Published: November 2023

Background: Azithromycin is a commonly prescribed antibiotic included in many first-line regimens for pneumonia. Azithromycin also carries an FDA warning for increased risk for abnormal cardiac electrical activity, including QTc prolongation. Objective: To examine the effect of intravenous azithromycin on the QT interval in a cohort of patients receiving antibiotic therapy for community acquired pneumonia. Methods: A single-center, retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The primary endpoint was change in QTc 48-72 hours after antibiotic initiation. The primary outcome was analyzed using ANOVA matched comparison. Results: Between 6/1/2019 and 3/31/2020, 241 total ICU patients received doses of either antibiotic. After application of exclusion criteria, the total number of patients included in analysis was 93, including 75 azithromycin patient and 18 doxycycline patients. The baseline QTc in the azithromycin group was 449 (95% CI 438-461) and the 72-hour QTc was 442 (95% CI 427-453) with an average change in QTc of -4 ms ( P = .14). No statistically significant difference was found in QTc interval change between azithromycin and doxycycline. Conclusion: In this study, azithromycin use was not associated with a statistically significant increase in QTc interval. Based on these results, for the majority of patients receiving azithromycin, QTc prolongation is not likely a major concern. However, caution may still be warranted in patients considered high risk.
Beyond-66: A pilot evaluation of a novel, peer-led harm reduction intervention for chemsex dependant men who have sex with men in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Thain Benjamin KM , Lu Richard , Fitzpatrick Colin , Richardson Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Background There is little research exploring harm reduction interventions for men who have sex with men (MSM) who engage in chemsex. Beyond-66 is a novel, 132-day, peer-led intervention programme for MSM who are chemsex dependent in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility, retention and effect of Beyond-66 on: abstinence from chemsex, motivation for abstinence, and mental wellbeing. Method We collected data on demographics, retention and completion and abstinence between January 2021-August 2023 in MSM using Beyond-66. Using 10-point Likert scales, we compared motivation to remain abstinent and mental wellbeing at the beginning and end of Beyond-66. Results 25 MSM have either completed or dropped out/referred out of Beyond-66, 12/25(48%) were living with HIV and the median duration of chemsex use was 5 years (IQR = 4–6). 19 (76%) completed programme; 3 were referred out for a psychiatry assessment and 3 dropped out of the programme. 14 (74%) remain abstinent and 5 relapsed. The median motivation for abstinence scores for the 19 completers increased significantly between the pre-programme and post-programme period (7/10 (IQR = 4–8) to 9/10 (IQR = 5–10), p = .04) and the median mental health score (Likert score out of 10 where 10 is poor mental health) reduced significantly (5/10 (IQR = 4–7) to 2/10 (IQR 1–6), p = .008). Conclusion This pilot evaluation suggests that MSM using Beyond-66 experience high completion (76%) and abstinence (74%) rates and increased motivation for abstinence and mental wellbeing scores. Further research is needed to design, develop, and deliver peer led interventions for MSM who are chemsex dependant.
Vibro-acoustic characteristics of a rail transit viaduct paved with trapezoidal sleeper track
Authors: Li Xiaozhen , Bi Ran , Zheng Jing 
Published: November 2023

To investigate the effects of a trapezoidal sleeper track (TST) on the vibration and noise of rail transit viaducts, the wheel–rail interaction model was first built according to the vehicle–track coupling dynamics theory. Subsequently, the vibration responses of the viaduct were analyzed using the beam–slab finite element method, and its radiated noise was calculated using the acoustic boundary element method. The modeling method was verified based on the test data of a 3 × 40 m continuous rigid frame bridge. Taking the Jialing River Bridge of Chongqing Rail Transit Line 9 as the background, the control effects of the TST on the vibration and noise of the viaduct and the effective laws of different track parameters on the bridge noise were analyzed. Results show that the simulated and measured values are in good agreement; for example, the modeling methods are reliable; the radiated noise of the viaduct is influenced by the vibration responses under the action of train load, which are jointly determined by dynamic wheel–rail force (external excitation) and displacement admittance (self-vibration characteristics); compared with embedded sleeper track (EST), the TST can reduce the overall vibration acceleration level and sound pressure level of the box girder web plate by 13.9 dB and 7.8 dB, respectively; the stiffness of the damping path is the primary factor influencing the noise of the elevated box girder, followed by the sleeper thickness and the fastener stiffness; taking the bottom plate as an example, the stiffness of the damping pad is reduced by 1 and the overall sound pressure level can be reduced by approximately 3 dB; the sleeper thickness is increased by 1, and the overall sound pressure level can be reduced by 1–2 dB; and the fastener stiffness is reduced by 1, and the noise reduction is within 1 dB.
Autologous forearm arteriovenous loop vascular access, an option to be considered
Authors: Gamé Victoria , Mestres Gaspar , Yugueros Xavier , Lozano Valentin , Barahona Fabricio , Gil Daniel , Blanco Carla , Fontseré Néstor 
Published: November 2023

Background: Autologous arteriovenous fistula is usually the vascular access of choice for hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Autologous forearm loops with cephalic or basilic vein are an alternative in those cases with a suitable forearm vein but with an unsuitable radial artery; however they are rarely used and there is little reported evidence of their usefulness. Our objective is to report our results on the creation of autogenous forearm loops as vascular access for hemodialysis. Methods: We present a prospective cohort study of autogenous forearm loop arteriovenous fistula created between 2010 and 2022, in patients with stage 4–5 chronic kidney disease. Demographic data, surgical details, vein used, follow up to 24 months, maturation, utilization, primary, assisted, and secondary patency estimations with Kaplan-Meier curves, as well as complications during follow-up, were recorded. Results: During the study period, 22 autologous forearm loops were created, 14 of them with cephalic, and 8 with basilic vein. Most (59%) of the patients were men, 19 were already on dialysis and the rest started during follow-up. Sixteen patients had previous vascular accesses. One patient was lost during follow-up. Six-week maturation rate was 61.9% and utilization rate was 57.1%. 6, 12, and 24 months primary and secondary patencies were 75.4%, 59.2%, 41.5% and 85.0%, 69.5%, 56.9% respectively. In five patients an access-induced distal ischemia was diagnosed, four successfully treated and only one patient lost the access. No cases of infection or other major complications were reported. Conclusion: Autologous forearm loops have acceptable maturation (61.9%) and patency rates at follow-up (56.9% 2-years secondary patency). Although rarely used, they are a vascular access alternative that should be considered to preserve the proximal vasculature of the arm for future accesses.