bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of wide bandwidth metamaterial for biosensor and wireless application
Authors: Ankit  , Kishor Kamal , Sinha Ravindra Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a new design and study of metamaterial (MTM) structure for wide bandwidth for biosensor and wireless applications. The geometrical parameters were analyzed and optimized for a triple-band operation in the frequency range of 0.1–16 GHz. The propagation characteristics were obtained using Finite element method. The proposed MTM provides negative permittivity at 1.4 GHz and negative permeability in the 9–16 GHz region. The proposed design exhibits left-handed characteristics in L, C, and Ku microwave region’s frequency band. The electric field (E), magnetic field (H), and surface current distribution of the proposed MTM unit cell have been studied at three different resonance frequencies. The proposed MTM design has a wide bandwidth of 2.2 GHz in C-band and a high effective medium ratio (EMR) of 13.37. The performance of the sensor is evaluated for different biomedical samples in the refractive index range of 1.00 to 1.39. The results indicate that the proposed biosensor has a high sensitivity in triple band of microwave region. The present research work can be highly suitable for Wi-Fi and satellite applications due to its overall performance, including wide bandwidth in the C-band, high EMR, and triple band operation.
Optimized hydrothermal transformation of WO3 nanorods into WS2 based catalysts: enhanced hydrogen evolution performance and synergistic effects with CNT
Authors: Ghanghass Anjali , Bhatia Ravi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tungsten disulfide (WS2) has emerged as a cost-effective electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation. This study systematically evaluates the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of WS2 nanoflakes synthesized under varying hydrothermal conditions. Furthermore, WS2/carbon nanotubes (CNT) hybrid structures were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal synthesis approach. The incorporation of CNT into the WS2 matrix significantly enhances charge transfer by providing a conductive pathway, thereby improving HER kinetics. The reduced charge transfer resistance observed in the WS2/CNT hybrid structure facilitates charge transfer at electrode/electrolyte interface, accelerating the HER process. These findings underscore the potential of WS2/CNT hybrid structures as efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for advancing hydrogen generation technologies.&#xD;
Impact of cation distribution in shaping the structural and magnetic characteristics of Ni-Cu ferrite
Authors: Mazurenko J , A K Sijo , Kaykan L , Michalik J M , Gondek Ł , Szostak E , Zywczak A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents the synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of of Cu1−XNiXFe2O4 nanocrystalline ferrites (0.0 ≤ × ≤ 1.0) using the sol–gel autocombustion method at a neutral pH. The samples were characterized by x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The structural analysis confirmed the formation of mixed spinel structures, with crystallite sizes ranging from 22–32 nm. Mössbauer spectra of 57Fe were recorded at room temperature (300 K) and liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K), and variations in line width, isomer shift, quadrupole splitting, and hyperfine magnetic field magnitudes were calculated for both tetrahedral and octahedral sublattices. The cation distribution, revealed through XRD, VSM and Mössbauer spectroscopy, shows a consistent pattern with nickel ions predominantly occupying octahedral sites. The magnetic properties were modified by substituting nickel ions with copper ions, affecting the distribution of magnetic Fe3+ ions and the total magnetization. The maximum saturation magnetization and coercivity reached 59.54 emu g−1 and 327.8 Oe, respectively. These findings reveal a systematic modification of magnetic properties through nickel substitution, resulting in enhanced saturation magnetization and coercive force. Notably, the synthesized samples exhibit sufficiently high magnetic properties, making them suitable for practical applications such as magnetic hyperthermia, a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. The nanoparticles can be designed to generate heat in response to an alternating magnetic field, allowing for targeted and controlled heating of tumor cells.
Effect of fine-tuned growth temperature on structural, morphological, and electrical properties of Cu2O nanoparticles as candidates for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Hashim Hisham , Abdelfatah Mahmoud , El-Shaer Abdelhamid , Abdelwahed Abeer R 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles are promising candidates for optoelectronic and energy applications owing to their unique p-type semiconducting properties. This study investigates the effects of precisely controlled synthesis temperatures (45°, 55°, 65°, and 75 °C) on the structural, morphological, and electrical characteristics of Cu2O nanoparticles synthesized through a coprecipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms high crystallinity with an average crystallite size of approximately 29 nm, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals an average particle size of about 50 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrates a morphological evolution from spherical to cubic structures with increasing aging temperature. The electrical properties were investigated through AC conductivity and dielectric measurements over a temperature range of 300 K to 550 K and frequencies from 100 Hz to 5 MHz. The results show that Cu2O nanoparticles enhance supercapacitor performance through their high dielectric constant at low frequencies, improved energy storage capabilities, and increased AC conductivity for efficient charge transport. Their temperature-dependent behavior and ability to minimize energy losses make them ideal candidates for high-frequency and high-temperature applications. This work demonstrates the exceptional dielectric properties of Cu2O nanoparticles and their significant sensitivity to subtle changes in growth temperature, enabling the optimization of their characteristics for supercapacitor energy applications and emerging optoelectronic devices.
High-efficiency lead-free perovskite solar cells with MXene and NiO as transport layers: a numerical study
Authors: Shaw Nabin Kumar , Maharana Basudeba , Chatterjee Shyamal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSC) are attracting a lot of interest in the scientific communities. It is one of the most promising candidates for solar cells, providing a maximum efficiency of about 30% in recent years. These PSCs could be fine-tuned to enhance their performance using various transport layers. This work demonstrates the design and analyses of the lead-free, MXene-based solar cell model with the flexible architecture of FTO/Mo2TiC2/CH3NH3SnI3/NiO. The attention has been focused on the novel two-dimensional materials called MXenes (Mo2TiC2 in present study) as electron transport layer (ETL) and NiO as hole transport layer (HTL). We have demonstrated the effect of transport layers on the overall performance of the device by varying parameters such as thickness, electron affinity, defect density of the absorber, and doping concentrations. The simulations were conducted using the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D) software to evaluate the performance of the solar cell. Comparisons with different HTL and back metal contacts are also studied for better understanding of the performance. The simulated model shows that the presented device structure has a potential to achieve a maximum efficiency of about 31%. This simulation is expected to provide valuable insight to the solar cell research community to explore MXene based solar cells to investigate further to maximize the efficiency and achieve the practical device.
Enhancing system stability: robust control strategies for modular multilevel converters in weak grid and load conditions
Authors: Lavanya Komma , Karlapudy Alice Mary , Garimella Saraswathi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper focuses on operating a modular multilevel converter (MMC) under diverse operating conditions, particularly during weak grid scenarios. The system may approach instability as a result of changes in the resonance frequency and, subsequently, the grid impedance. To address the significant impedance variations between the converter and grid as outlined in IEEE standards 519 and DIN EN 61000-4-15, this paper proposes a novel hybrid damping approach to manage the converter under such conditions. This approach is used to reduce the extra power loss from passive damping and simultaneously increase the robustness of active damping. Various passive damping and hybrid damping methods are implemented to the proposed MMC model and their comparative analysis is presented in order to identify the stability attributes. Also, this paper provides a straightforward proportional resonant (PR) controller along with biquad filter-based approach that ensures system stability and improves system robustness. A detailed sensitivity evaluation of the cascaded control loops is conducted, with an emphasis on the effect of filter parameter variations on stability. Furthermore, the paper explores the contemporary circulating current references for MMCs. This approach offers a superior alternative approach to inject specific harmonics into circulating currents. Employing these schemes, this paper demonstrates the successful achievement of low voltage ripples. Simulation and experimental data are used to validate the proposed strategies’ enhanced stability.
High-Throughput Discovery of Kagome Materials in Transition Metal Oxide Monolayers
Authors: Wang Renhong , Wang Cong , Li Ruixuan , Guo Deping , Dai Jiaqi , Zong Canbo , Zhang Weihan , Ji Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Kagome materials are known for hosting exotic quantum states, including quantum spin liquids, charge density waves, and unconventional superconductivity. The search for kagome monolayers is driven by their ability to exhibit neat and well-defined kagome bands near the Fermi level, which are more easily realized in the absence of interlayer interactions. However, this absence also destabilizes the monolayer forms of many bulk kagome materials, posing significant challenges to their discovery. In this work, we propose a strategy to address this challenge by utilizing oxygen vacancies in transition metal oxides within a "1+3" design framework. Through high-throughput computational screening of 349 candidate materials, we identified 12 thermodynamically stable kagome monolayers with diverse electronic and magnetic properties. These materials were classified into three categories based on their lattice geometry, symmetry, band gaps, and magnetic configurations. Detailed analysis of three representative monolayers revealed kagome band features near their Fermi levels, with orbital contributions varying between oxygen 2p and transition metal d states. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the "1+3" strategy, offering a promising approach to uncovering low-dimensional kagome materials and advancing the exploration of their quantum phenomena.
Study and circuit design of stochastic resonance system based on memristor chaos induction
Authors: Liang Qi , Yu Wen-Xin , Xiao Qiu-Mei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Memristor chaotic research has become a hotspot in the academic world, however, there are few explorations combining memristor and stochastic resonance, and the correlation research between chaos and stochastic resonance is still in the preliminary stage. In this paper, we focus on the stochastic resonance induced by memristor chaos, which enhances the dynamics of chaotic systems through the introduction of memristor and induces the memristor stochastic resonance under certain conditions. Firstly, the memristor chaos model is constructed, and the memristor stochastic resonance model is constructed by adjusting the parameters of the memristor chaos model. Secondly, the combination of dynamics analysis and experimental verification is used to analyze the memristor stochastic resonance and to investigate the trend of the output signal of the system under different amplitudes of the input signal. Finally, the practicality and reliability of the constructed model are further verified through the design and testing of the analogue circuit, which provides a strong support for the practical application of the memristor chaos induced stochastic resonance model.
Regulation of superconductivity in Nb thin fllms induced by interstitial oxygen atoms
Authors: Liu Yuchuan , Yang Ming , Fan Yun , Xu Zulei , Wu Yu , Liu Yixin , Peng Wei , Mu Gang , Lin Zhi-Rong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The regulation of superconductivity in thin films can provide important information on low-dimensional superconducting properties, and also has important reference values for the application in superconducting devices. Herein, we report the successful regulation of both the superconductivity and normal-state properties of Nb films in a wide range by the controllable introduction of interstitial oxygen atoms. The lattice parameter is enhanced for a extent as large as 4.4%, and the normal-state resistivity ρn
is tuned for more than 15 times. The slope of upper critical fleld near Tc
shows a close correlation with ρn
in a wide range. Importantly, it is found that the suppression of Tc
by disorder reveals a linear dependence with ρn in the region with an unchanged crystalline quality, which can be understood based on the picture of three-dimensional ballistic motion.
Superconductivity in Titanium Probed by AC Magnetic Susceptibility to 120 Gpa
Authors: Song Jing , Liu Hongyu , Wang Xiancheng , Jin Changqing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We used a highly sensitive ac magnetic susceptibility technique to probe superconductivity in elemental titanium (Ti) under extreme pressures to 120 GPa in a diamond anvil cell (DAC). The measurements reveal that the critical temperature (Tc) of Ti rises monotonically with increasing pressure, reaching 6.1 K at 120 GPa. Our results confirm the bulk nature of the superconductivity in Ti, as evidenced by a robust diamagnetic response in the ac magnetic susceptibility. Our work provides a routine technique to probe Meissner effect of elemental superconductors at megabar pressures.
Non-negligible Influence of Vacancies and Interlayer Coupling on Electronic Properties of Heavy Ion Irradiated SnSe2 FETs
Authors: Gao Shifan , Ma Siyuan , Zhan Shengxia , Zhu Pengliang , Liu Jie , Xu Lijun , Zhai Pengfei , Hu Peipei , Li Yan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Influences of swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation induced defects on electronic properties of the bulk SnSe2 based FETs are explored. Latent tracks and amounts of Se vacancies in the irradiated SnSe2 were confirmed. Red shift of the A1g peak indicates that the resonance frequency of the phonons is reduced due to the defect generation in SnSe2. The source-drain current Ids
increased at ion fluence of 1×1010 ions cm-2, which was attributed to the irradiation caused Se vacancies, which hence increases the concentration of conduction electrons. The carrier mobility was about 16.9 cm2V-1s-1 for the devices irradiated at ion fluence of 1 × 109 ions cm-2, which was benefit from heavy ion irradiation enhanced interlayer coupling. The mechanism of device performance optimization after irradiation is discussed in detail. This work provides evidence that, given the electronic properties of two-dimensional material-based device, vacancies and interlayer coupling effects caused by SHI irradiation should not be ignored.
Pressure-Driven Crystal Structure Evolution in RbB2C4 Compounds
Authors: Liu Jinyu , Liu Ailing , Wang Yujia , Gao Lili , Zhang Miao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
As an extreme physical condition, high pressure serves as a potent means to substantially modify the interatomic distances and bonding patterns within condensed matter, thereby enabling the macroscopic manipulation of material properties. We employed the CALYPSO method to predict the stable structures of RbB2C4 across the pressure range from 0 to 100 GPa and investigated its physical properties through first-principles calculations. Specially, we put forward four novel structures, namely P63/mcm-, Amm2-, P1, and I4/mmm-RbB2C4. Under pressure conditions, electronic structure calculations reveal that all of them exhibit metallic characteristics. The calculation results of formation enthalpy show that the P63/mcm structure can be synthesized within the pressure range of 0-40 GPa. Specially, the Amm2, P1, and I4/mmm structures can be synthesized above 4, 6, 10 GPa, respectively. Moreover, the estimated Vicker’s hardness value of I4/mmm-RbB2C4 compounds is 47 GPa, suggesting that it is a superhard material. Interestingly, this study uncovers the continuous transformation of the crystal structure of RbB2C4 from a layered configuration to folded and tubular forms, ultimately attaining a stabilized cage-like structure under the pressure span of 0 to 100 GPa. The application of pressure offers a formidable impetus for the advancement and innovation in condensed matter physics, facilitating the exploration of novel states and functions of matter.
Well defined phase boundaries and superconductivity with high Tc in PbSe single crystal
Authors: Hu Jiawei , Meng Yanghao , Zhang He , Zhong Wei , Zhai Hang , Yu Xiaohui , Yue Binbin , Hong Fang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Lead chalcogenides represent a significant class of materials that exhibit intriguing physical phenomena, including remarkable thermoelectric properties and superconductivity. In this study, we present a comprehensive investigation on the superconductivity of PbSe single crystal under high pressure. The signature of superconducting (SC) transition starts to appear at 7.2 K at 16.5 GPa. Upon further compression, the SC temperature (Tc
) decreases, and it is reduced to 3.5 K at 45.0 GPa. The negative pressure dependent behavior of Tc
is consistent with the trend of Tc
- P relations observed in other lead chalcogenides. The highest Tc
is 8.0 K observed at 20.5 GPa during decompression process, which is also the highest record among all other PbSe derivatives, such as doped samples, superlattices, and so on. The phase boundaries of the structural and electronic transitions are well defined by Raman spectroscopy, and then phase diagrams are plotted for both compression and decompression processes. This work corrects the previous claim of positive pressure dependence of Tc
in PbSe and provides clear phase diagrams for intrinsic superconductivity in PbSe under pressure.
Electron Momentum Spectroscopy Study on Trifluorobromomethane: Electronic Structure and Electron Correlation
Authors: Chen Guangqing , Niu Shanshan , Tang Yanguo , Zhang Yuting , Liu Zhaohui , Xu Chunkai , Wang Enliang , Shan Xu , Chen Xiangjun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a comprehensive electron momentum spectroscopy study on the electronic structure of trifluorobromomethane. The binding energy spectrum and electron momentum profiles of the entire outer-valence orbitals and the first inner-valence orbital along with several shake-up states were measured by using a high-sensitivity (e, 2e) apparatus at an electron impact energy of 1213 eV. Theoretical calculations employing the density functional theory with B3LYP hybrid functional and the symmetry-adapted cluster configuration-interaction method were performed to interpret the experimental results. Important effects of electron correlations in the initial neutral and final ionic states on the electron momentum profiles have been observed.
Effect of modulated heat source on diffusive and avalanche-like transport
Authors: Cho Y.W. , Garbet X. , Varennes R. , Qu Z.S. , Donnel P. , Obrejan K. , Grandgirard V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We utilize the global full-F gyrokinetic code GYSELA to analyze the nonlocal transport in the presence of modulated heat source, the period of which is in the range of a transport timescale. In submarginal stable case, it is observed that a localized and time-modulated heat source can trigger both diffusive and avalanche-like transport. When heat source-stimulated nonlocal transport occurs, propagation of turbulence is faster than that of heat pulse. In addition, the propagation speed is correlated with both turbulence intensity and period of modulated source. This correlation is also identified from the analytic expression derived from two-field critical gradient model.
Hybrid simulation study on ion heating by low-frequency wave excited in a field-reversed configuration
Authors: Urano Takahiro , Takahashi Toshiki , Mizuguchi Naoki , Asai Tomohiko , Okada Shigefumi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we use hybrid simulation to elucidate the plasma heating mechanism due to waves excited in Field-Reversed Configuration (FRC) plasma. The plasma parameters are a separatrix radius of 0.16 m and a separatrix length of 1.16 m (x-point position is z = ± 0.57 m). The wave excitation antenna consists of two loop antennas with a radius of 0.3 m and is placed at a position of z = ± 0.5 m. The current waveform of the antenna is a sine wave with a maximum current value of 30 kA and a frequency of 160 kHz. The simulation results showed that the excited waves caused compression/expansion of the plasma, and at the same time, the temperature of the plasma increased or decreased at the compressed/expanded position. When waves are applied, a 23% increase in the volume-averaged ion temperature in the separatrix is observed compared to the case without waves applied. On the other hand, no increase in electron temperature is observed. For the electron fluid, the adiabatic condition is well established, and temperature changes are observed as the plasma compressed and expanded. On the other hand, for ions, kinetic energy perpendicular to the magnetic field lines increases during compression, and part of this energy is transferred to the energy of the parallel component by collisionless pitch angle scattering, resulting in heating due to the so-called magnetic pumping.
Phase-2 CMS DAQ — growing from prototype boards to demonstrator systems
Authors: Alawieh Jaafar , Durasov Miguel , Behrens Ulf , Bocci Andrea , Branson James , Brummer Philipp , Bugajski Jan , Cittolin Sergio , Mariscot Albert Corominas I. , Darlea Georgiana-Lavinia , Deldicque Christian , Dobson Marc , Dvorak Antonin , Gaile Antra , Gigi Dominique , Glege Frank , Gomez-Ceballos Guillelmo , Gorniak Patrycja , Hansen Magnus , Hegeman Jeroen , James Thomas , Jayakumar Tejeswini , Karimeh Wassef , Kostala Dimitra , Krawczyk Rafal , Li Wei , Long Kenneth , Meijers Frans , Meschi Emilio , Morović Srećko , Odetayo Babatunde , Orsini Luciano , Paus Christoph , Petrucci Andrea , Pieri Marco , Rabady Dinyar , Racz Attila , Rizopoulos Theodoros , Sakulin Hannes , Schwick Christoph , Simelevicius Dainius , Troska Jan , Tzanis Polyneikis , Velez Cristina Vazquez , Zejdl Petr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
For the Phase-2 upgrade of the CMS experiment, the CMS
central DAQ group designed and developed two custom ATCA
boards. These boards provide the interfaces between the sub-detector
electronics and the central CMS systems. This paper describes our
experience with the chosen prototyping strategy, with a focus on the
design modification choices made along the way. It concludes with a
brief overview of recent firmware developments, and a look at the
transition towards the full board production.