bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical composition of the leaf oil of Altingia excelsa Nornha
Authors: Kanjilal P. B. , Kotoky Rumi , Singh R. S. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe volatile components obtained by hydrodistillation from the leaves of Altingia excelsa Nornha, collected from the foothills of Arunachal Pradesh, were analysed by GC and GC–MS. A total of 52 compounds were identiﬁed, representing 99% of the total oil. The major components identiﬁed were α‐pinene (19.8%); β‐pinene (16.0%); α‐phellandrene (15.9%); limonene (10.9%) and β‐phellandrene (8.1%). Other components present in small or trace amounts were also identiﬁed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volatile constituents of the rhizome oil of Curcuma caesia Roxb. from central India
Authors: Pandey Ashok K. , Chowdhury Ashim R. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe volatile rhizomes oil of Curcuma caesia was analysed by GC–MS, which resulted in the identification of 30 components, representing 97.48% of the oil, with camphor (28.3%), ar‐turmerone (12.3%), (Z)‐β‐ocimene (8.2%), ar‐curcumene (6.8%), 1,8‐cineole (5.3%), β‐elemene (4.8%), borneol (4.4%), bornyl acetate (3.3%) and γ‐curcumene (2.82%) as the major constituents. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of a floxed allele of Smad5 for cre‐mediated conditional knockout in the mouse
Authors: Umans Lieve , Vermeire Liesbeth , Francis Annick , Chang Hua , Huylebroeck Danny , Zwijsen An 
Published: September 2003

AbstractSummary: Smad5 is a member of the Smad family of intracellular mediators of BMP signals and in endothelial cells of TGF‐β signals. We and others previously showed that loss of Smad5 in the mouse results in embryonic lethality (between E9.5–E11.5) due to multiple embryonic and extraembryonic defects. To circumvent the early embryonic lethality and to allow tissue‐ and time‐specific Smad5 inactivation, we created a conditional Smad5 allele in the mouse. Floxed Smad5 (Smad5flE2,Neo/flE2,Neo) mice were generated in which both exon2 and the Neo‐cassette were flanked by loxP sites. Here we demonstrate that embryos with ubiquitous Cre‐mediated deletion of Smad5 (Smad5flΔE2/flΔE2) phenocopy the conventional Smad5 knockout mice. Smad5flE2/flE2 mice are now available and will be a valuable tool to analyze the role of Smad5 beyond its crucial early embryonic function throughout development and postnatal life. genesis 37:5–11, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Atrial cardiomyocyte‐specific expression of Cre recombinase driven by an Nppa gene fragment
Authors: de Lange Frederik J. , Moorman Antoon F.M. , Christoffels Vincent M. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractSummary: To study the development of the atria, we produced a transgenic mouse line that expresses Cre under the regulatory control of a 7 kbp fragment of the Natriuretic peptide precursor type A gene (Nppa), from −3 kbp to +4 kbp relative to the transcription start site. Crossing this line with the R26R and Z/EG reporter lines revealed recombinase activity specifically in the cardiomyocytes of the atria and to a lesser extent the inflow tract from E10.5 onwards. At E14.5 recombination in the atria is almost complete. No recombination was observed outside the heart. These mice provide a tool to study gene function in the atria. genesis 37:1–4, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
VAChT‐Cre.Fast and VAChT‐Cre.Slow: Postnatal expression of Cre recombinase in somatomotor neurons with different onset
Authors: Misawa Hidemi , Nakata Kazuko , Toda Kyoko , Matsuura Junko , Oda Yoshio , Inoue Haruhisa , Tateno Minako , Takahashi Ryosuke 
Published: September 2003

AbstractSummary: The cholinergic gene locus (CGL) consists of the genes encoding the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). To establish a cholinergic‐specific Cre‐expressing mouse, we constructed a transgene expression vector (VAChT‐Cre) with 11.3 kb human CGL in which a Cre‐IRES‐EGFP unit was inserted in the VAChT open reading frame. The activity of Cre, whose expression was driven by the VAChT promoter, was examined by crossing a reporter mouse (CAG‐CAT‐Z) in which expression of LacZ is activated upon Cre‐mediated recombination. Transgenic lines with the VAChT‐Cre construct displayed the restricted Cre expression in a subset of cholinergic neurons in the somatomotor nuclei and medial habenular nucleus, but absent in visceromotor and other central and peripheral cholinergic neurons. Cre expression was first observed at postnatal day 7 and later detected in ∼40–60% of somatomotor neurons. Based on the onset of Cre expression, we generated two mouse lines (two alleles; VAChT‐Cre.Fast and VAChT‐Cre.Slow) in which Cre expression reaches maximal levels fast and slow, respectively. The use of VAChT‐Cre mice should allow us to deliver Cre to a subset of postnatal motor neurons, thereby bypassing lethality and facilitating analysis of gene function in adult motor neurons. genesis 37:44–50, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reduced cell adhesion during mitosis by threonine phosphorylation of β1 integrin
Authors: Suzuki Katsuo , Takahashi Kazuhide 
Published: September 2003

AbstractCell shape and adhesion of cultured mammalian cells change dramatically during mitosis, however, how cell cycle‐dependent alterations in cell adhesion are regulated remain to be elucidated. We show here that normal human mammary epithelial (HME) cells which became less adhesive and adopted the rounded morphology during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle significantly reduced their dependence on β1 integrin‐mediated adhesion to laminin, by using function blocking antibody to β1 integrin. In G2/M cells, both total and cell surface expressions of β1 integrin were comparable with those in G1 cells but it was phosphorylated at threonines 788–789 within its cytoplasmic domain and coimmunoprecipitated Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase (CaMK) II. The threonine phosphorylated β1 integrin significantly reduced its intracellular linkage with actin, with no significant reduction in the actin expression. In contrast, β1 integrin in G1 cells was not threonine phosphorylated but formed a link with actin and coimmunoprecipitated the core enzyme of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase (PP) 2A. The results suggest that reduced β1 integrin‐mediated cell adhesion of HME cells to the substratum during mitosis may be induced by β1 integrin phosphorylation at threonines 788–789 and its reduced ability to link with the actin cytoskeleton. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 297–305, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
How the other half lives, the amino‐terminal domain of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein
Authors: Goodrich David W. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1) is currently the only known gene whose mutation is necessary and sufficient for the development of a human cancer. Mutation or deregulation of RB1 is observed so frequently in other tumor types that compromising RB1 function may be a prerequisite for malignant transformation. Identifying the molecular mechanisms that provide the basis for RB1‐mediated tumor suppression has become an important goal in the quest to understand and treat cancer. The lion's share of research on these mechanisms has focused on the carboxy‐terminal half of the RB1 encoded protein (pRB). This focus is with good reason since this part of the protein, now called the “large pocket,” is required for most of its known activities identified in vitro and in vivo. Large pocket mediated mechanisms alone, however, cannot account for all observed properties of pRB. The thesis presented here is that the relatively uncharacterized amino‐terminal half of the protein makes important contributions to pRB‐mediated tumor suppression. The goals of this review are to summarize evidence indicating that an amino‐terminal structural domain is important for pRB function and to suggest a general hypothesis as to how this domain can be integrated with current models of pRB function. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 169–180, 2003© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
STAT proteins: From normal control of cellular events to tumorigenesis
Authors: Calò Valentina , Migliavacca Manuela , Bazan Viviana , Macaluso Marcella , Buscemi Maria , Gebbia Nicola , Russo Antonio 
Published: September 2003

AbstractSignal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins comprise a family of transcription factors latent in the cytoplasm that participate in normal cellular events, such as differentiation, proliferation, cell survival, apoptosis, and angiogenesis following cytokine, growth factor, and hormone signaling. STATs are activated by tyrosine phosphorylation, which is normally a transient and tightly regulates process. Nevertheless, several constitutively activated STATs have been observed in a wide number of human cancer cell lines and primary tumors, including blood malignancies and solid neoplasias. STATs can be divided into two groups according to their specific functions. One is made up of STAT2, STAT4, and STAT6, which are activated by a small number of cytokines and play a distinct role in the development of T‐cells and in IFNγ signaling. The other group includes STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5, activated in different tissues by means of a series of ligands and involved in IFN signaling, development of the mammary gland, response to GH, and embriogenesis. This latter group of STATS plays an important role in controlling cell‐cycle progression and apoptosis and thus contributes to oncogenesis. Although an increased expression of STAT1 has been observed in many human neoplasias, this molecule can be considered a potential tumor suppressor, since it plays an important role in growth arrest and in promoting apoptosis. On the other hand, STAT3 and 5 are considered as oncogenes, since they bring about the activation of cyclin D1, c‐Myc, and bcl‐xl expression, and are involved in promoting cell‐cycle progression, cellular transformation, and in preventing apoptosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 157–168, 2003© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypothyroidism and Parkinson's disease and the issue of diagnostic confusion
Authors: García‐Moreno José M. , Chacón‐Peña José 
Published: September 2003

AbstractDevelopment of hypothyroidism may easily be overlooked when occurring together with Parkinson's disease (PD), because many of the symptoms of the two disorders are similar. We report on a case of a woman suffering from both PD and hypothyroidism and review the literature on the subject. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Efficacy of propranolol in hyperthyroid‐induced chorea: A case report
Authors: Hayashi Ryoichi , Hashimoto Takao , Tako Kenji 
Published: September 2003

AbstractWe describe a thyrotoxic patient with choreic movements. The latter gradually receded and disappeared as the patient was treated with methimazole and β‐adrenoceptor blocker, and the improvement deteriorated during a β‐adrenoceptor challenge test. Our findings suggest that the pathogenesis of thyrotoxic chorea seems more likely to be of biochemical origin rather than due to structural changes in the basal ganglia. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Dopa‐responsive dystonia presenting with prominent isolated bilateral resting leg tremor: Evidence for a role of parkin?
Authors: Postuma Ronald B. , Furukawa Yoshiaki , Rogaeva Ekaterina , St. George‐Hyslop Peter H. , Farrer Matt J. , Lang Anthony E. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractWe report on a GTP cyclohydrolase 1 mutation‐confirmed case of dopa‐responsive dystonia who presented with an isolated parkinsonian rest tremor starting at the age of 15 years. There was no dystonia or other features of parkinsonism. Sequencing of the parkin gene demonstrated polymorphisms in a compound heterozygous state. The spectrum of unusual clinical presentations of dopa‐responsive dystonia is discussed. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphism in alcohol dehydrogenase7 gene in patients with multiple system atrophy and controls
Authors: Kim Hyun Sook , Lee Myung Sik 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of the ADH7 gene were carried out in 50 controls and 50 patients with probable multiple system atrophy (MSA). Seven SNPs, one insertion, and one mismatch were found in patients with MSA and controls. There was no significant difference in the frequencies of each SNP between the patients and the controls (P > 0.05). Interpretation of this negative finding should be cautious in view of the relatively small number of cases. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Vernier operation of series‐coupled optical microring resonator filters
Authors: Schwelb Otto , Frigyes István 
Published: September 2003

AbstractNonsymmetric Vernier type series‐coupled optical microring filters have been found to be free of the spurious responses that commonly occur in those of symmetric design. Large free spectral range (FSR) is obtained without significant decrease of the waveguide‐bending radius. The tradeoff between coupling coefficients, filter bandwidth, and the suppression of interstitial resonances has been investigated. Results on filter sensitivity to waveguide and coupler loss are also reported. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 257–261, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11185
Analysis of electromagnetic scattering of three‐dimensional dielectric bodies using Krylov subspace FFT iterative methods
Authors: Chen R. S. , Fan Z. H. , Yung Edward K. N. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIn this paper, electromagnetic wave scattering is formulated in terms of the electric‐field integral equation (EFIE) for a dielectric body of general shape, inhomogeneity, and anisotropy. Applying the pulse‐function expansion and the point‐matching technique, the integral equation can be solved by the efficient Krylov subspace iterative fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique. Several typical Krylov subspace iterative FFT methods are used to solve the problems and their convergence behaviors are compared. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 261–267, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11186
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of a shallowly buried mine using time‐domain data
Authors: Zhou Hui , Takenaka Takashi , Tanaka Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA two‐dimensional (2D) time‐domain inverse scattering technique for reconstructing lossy media is extended to three‐dimensional (3D) cases. Forward and inversion algorithms of this approach are carried out by the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method. The reconstruction of a mine buried in soil illustrates that this method is one of useful techniques to detect buried mines. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 276–280, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11189
Near‐field imaging by negative permittivity media
Authors: Lu W. T. , Sridhar S. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe imaging of the near field by a slab of negative permittivity medium is discussed. The performance of this flat lens is limited by the working wavenumber k0 and the slab thickness d. For k0d ≪ 0.937, the resolution of the flat lens can be smaller than the wavelength and depends logarithmically on 1/k0d. The electric field is finite everywhere, but will diverge algebraically as one reduces k0d → 0. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 282–286, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11191
Finite‐element analysis of the dominant‐mode cutoff wavelength in dielectric‐loaded single‐ridge waveguides
Authors: Lu Mai , Leonard Paul J. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractAs a new kind of broadband microwave component, the cutoff characteristic of a dielectric‐loaded single‐ridge waveguide is analysed by the finite‐element method. Design data for cutoff wavelength of dominant mode for different values of relative permittivity εr equal to 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, and 15.0 with varied ridge dimensions have been presented in tabulated forms. Numerical results in this paper provide an extension to the existing design data of empty single‐ridge waveguides and are considered useful in practical applications. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 298–300, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11196
Relationship between root‐mean‐square and peak‐to‐peak jitter measurements
Authors: Babić Dubravko , Plombon John 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe statistical relationship between peak‐to‐peak and root‐mean‐square (RMS) measurements of random and deterministic jitter is discussed. An analytic expression relating the two quantities is derived for normally distributed random jitter. This work is applicable to a production test of electronic or optical components that uses sampling oscilloscopes for jitter characterization. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 323–326, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11204
Studying 120° PBG waveguide bend using FDTD
Authors: Uusitupa Tero , Kärkkäinen Kimmo , Nikoskinen Keijo 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIn this paper, photonic‐bandgap‐waveguide (PBG‐WG) structures are considered. The WGs are based entirely on linear dielectric media. Analysis is based on numerical field computation by FDTD and post‐processing of the field data. A 120° PBG‐WG bend is investigated as an example. Power transmission results are given. Various issues related to simulation arrangements and PBG‐WG component design are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 326–333, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11205
Developmental potential of bovine nuclear transfer embryos and postnatal survival rate of cloned calves produced by two different timings of fusion and activation
Authors: Akagi Satoshi , Adachi Noritaka , Matsukawa Kazutsugu , Kubo Masanori , Takahashi Seiya 
Published: September 2003

AbstractWe compared developmental potential of somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) embryos and postnatal survivability of cloned calves produced by two different fusion and activation protocols. As donor cells for NT, bovine cumulus cell‐derived cultured cells of passage 5 were used following culture in serum‐starved medium for 5–7 days. Enucleated oocytes were fused with donor cells at 21 or 24 hr post maturation. NT embryos fused at 21 hr were activated chemically 3 hr after fusion (DA group) and embryos fused at 24 hr were activated chemically immediately after fusion (FA group). Chemical activation was accomplished by calcium ionophore for 5 min and cytochalasin D + cycloheximide for 1 hr then cycloheximide alone for 4 hr. After in vitro culture in IVD101 medium for 7 days, embryo transfer was performed. Fusion rates were 86 and 84% in the DA and FA groups, respectively. Developmental rate to the blastocyst stage of NT embryos in the DA group was higher than in the FA group (42% vs. 28%). Pregnancy rate did not differ significantly between the DA and FA groups (11/13 and 5/7 at day 35), and 13 cloned calves (including 1 set of twins from a single embryo transfer) were born. High rates of postnatal mortality were observed in both groups. These results suggest that the DA method improves in vitro developmental potential of NT embryos, but the timing of fusion and chemical activation does not affect the pregnancy rate and the survivability of cloned calves. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66: 264–272, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nuclear localization of NORs and centromeres in mouse oocytes during folliculogenesis
Authors: Longo Frank , Garagna Silvia , Merico Valeria , Orlandini Guido , Gatti Rita , Scandroglio Renato , Redi Carlo Alberto , Zuccotti Maurizio 
Published: September 2003

AbstractMouse oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage are characterized by one of two nuclear morphologies: surrounded nucleolus (SN), in which the nucleolus is surrounded by a rim of Hoechst positive chromatin and not surrounded nucleolus (NSN), in which this rim is essentially absent. This morphological difference has a biological relevance as NSN oocytes are transcriptionally active, yet incapable of development beyond the two‐cell stage. Whereas SN oocytes, which are transcriptionally inactive, are capable of development to the blastocyst stage. To further our understanding of the nuclear organization of the mouse oocyte during folliculogenesis, we have conducted a series of investigations employing silver methods that stain nucleolus organizer region (NOR), centromeres, and heterochromatin, as well as, specific antibodies for centromeres. Results obtained by a variety of microscopic methods (light, electron, immunochemical, and confocal) demonstrate: (1) a changing pattern of NOR staining during folliculogenesis that is specific to follicular type, and (2) significant differences in the organization of NORs and centromeres of isolated, antral NSN, and SN oocytes. These observations suggest possible means by which, chromosomes of mature, germinal vesicle oocytes are organized with respect to the nucleolus. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66: 279–290, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Apoptosis in sea bream Sparus aurata eggs
Authors: Carnevali O. , Polzonetti V. , Cardinali M. , Pugnaloni A. , Natalini P. , Zmora N. , Mosconi G. , Polzonetti‐Magni A.M. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIn the present study, the sea‐bream Sparus aurata, a pelagic egg spawner, was used as experimental model, in order to establish the occurrence of apoptosis in vertebrates with external reproduction. The same female ovulates floating and nonfloating eggs, but only the former, after fertilization, proceed to embryo development. The eggs were divided into floating and nonfloating and both were analyzed for the presence of several apoptosis markers. The results here reported provide evidence that the nonfloating cells present severe shrinkage and highly express both FAS receptor and FAS ligand on their surface. Furthermore, DNA fragmentation and mitochondria swelling were found, suggesting that the nonfloating eggs were cells programmed to die. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66: 291–296, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Near‐infrared analysis of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller) on different spectrometers—basic considerations for a reliable network
Authors: Steuer Boris , Schulz Hartwig 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy and transferability of near‐infrared (NIR) calibrations for estimating the content and composition of the volatile fraction in fennel fruits (Foeniculum vulgare Miller) as an example of medicinal and spice plants. A master calibration with spectra obtained on a scanning monochromator was generated using 345 samples from three different harvests (1997–1999). A subset of 70 samples from 1999 was also measured on a dispersive grating and a scanning diode array system to gain an insight into the inﬂuence of sample presentation and scanning techniques. For all instruments, calibrations with standard errors in the range of the reference method were achieved. Furthermore the inﬂuence of storage on NIR spectra and, additionally, the potential of transferring spectra between both scanning monochromators was studied. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.