bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postnatal Care: A Comparative Review of Guidelines
Authors: Giouleka Sonia , Tsakiridis Ioannis , Kostakis Nikolaos , Boureka Eirini , Mamopoulos Apostolos , Kalogiannidis Ioannis , Athanasiadis Apostolos , Dagklis Themistoklis 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Importance
Postnatal care refers to the ongoing health care provision of both the mother and her offspring and contributes to the timely identification and effective management of complications in the postpartum period, to secure maternal and infant short- and long-term well-being.

Objective
The aim of this study was to review and compare the most recently published influential guidelines on postnatal care practices.

Evidence Acquisition
A comparative review of guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the World Health Organization, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, and the Public Health Agency of Canada regarding postnatal care was conducted.

Results
There is a consensus among the reviewed guidelines regarding the importance of health care provision in the postpartum period, including home visits and midwifery services, the use of telemedicine for the facilitation of communication with the patient, and the appropriate preparation for discharge, as well as the discharge criteria. All medical societies also agree on the clinical aspects that should be evaluated at each postnatal visit, although discrepancies exist with regard to the contact schedule. In addition, there is consistency regarding the management of postpartum infections, perineal pain, fecal and urinary incontinence, and physical activity guidance. Mental health issues should be addressed at each postnatal visit, according to all guidelines, but there is disagreement regarding routine screening for depression. As for the optimal interpregnancy interval, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends avoiding pregnancy for at least 6 months postpartum, whereas the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends a 12-month interval. There is no common pathway regarding the recommended contraceptive methods, the nutrition guidance, and the postpartum management of pregnancy complications. Of note, the World Health Organization alone provides recommendations concerning the prevention of specific infections during the postnatal period.

Conclusions
Postnatal care remains a relatively underserved aspect of maternity care, although the puerperium is a critical period for the establishment of motherhood and the transition to primary care. Thus, the development of consistent international protocols for the optimal care and support of women during the postnatal period seems of insurmountable importance to safely guide clinical practice and subsequently reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians

Learning Objectives
After participating in this activity, the learner should be better able to describe all the aspects of postnatal care; explain the appropriate clinical evaluation plan during the postnatal period; and assess the available postpartum care promotion techniques.
An Obstetrician-Gynecologist's Review of Hernias: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Prevention, and Repair
Authors: Knochenhauer Hope E. , Lim Stephanie L. , Brown David A. , Darner Grant , Levinson Howard , Havrilesky Laura J. , Previs Rebecca A. 
Published: February 2024

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023;229:214–221)
Ventral hernias are abnormal protrusions of organs through the abdominal wall that are commonly experienced by obstetrical and gynecologic patients. Women are more likely to undergo emergency repair of their hernias than men, which results in increased morbidity, emphasizing the unmet need for earlier diagnosis and management of ventral and incisional hernias in women.
Effects of the ARRIVE (A Randomized Trial of Induction Versus Expectant Management) Trial on Elective Induction and Obstetric Outcomes in Term Nulliparous Patients
Authors: Nethery Elizabeth , Levy Barbara , McLean Kate , Sitcov Kristin , Souter Vivienne L. 
Published: February 2024

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2023;142:242–250)
A few years ago, the ARRIVE trial (A Randomized Trail of Induction Versus Expectant Management) reported that elective induction of labor at 39 weeks of gestation in low-risk nulliparous patients decreased the risk of cesarean birth and of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy compared with expectant management. This presented a possible means to decrease the high rates of cesarean delivery among this patient group.
Reducing Human Album Solution Use in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Inata Yu , Nakagami-Yamaguchi Etsuko , Hatachi Takeshi , Ito Yukie , Akamatsu Takaaki , Takeuchi Muneyuki 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Evidence for outcome improvement is limited for using 5% human albumin solution (5% albumin) in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). However, 5% albumin was injudiciously used in our PICU. Therefore, we aimed to decrease 5% albumin use in pediatric patients (17 years old or younger) in the PICU by 50% in 12 months to improve health care efficiency.

Methods:
We plotted the mean 5% albumin volume used per PICU admission monthly on statistical process control charts through 3 study periods: baseline period before intervention (July 2019–June 2020), phase 1 (August 2020–April 2021), and phase 2 (May 2021–April 2022). With intervention 1, education, feedback, and an alert sign on 5% albumin stocks began in July 2020. This intervention continued until May 2021, when we executed intervention 2, removing 5% albumin from the PICU inventory. We also examined the lengths of invasive mechanical ventilation and PICU stay as balancing measures across the 3 periods.

Results:
Mean 5% albumin consumption per PICU admission decreased significantly from 48.1 to 22.4 mL after intervention 1 and 8.3 mL after intervention 2, with the intervention effects persisting for 12 months. Costs associated with 5% albumin per PICU admission significantly decreased by 82%. In terms of patient characteristics and balancing measures, the 3 periods were not different.

Conclusions:
Stepwise quality improvement interventions, including the system change with the elimination of the 5% albumin inventory from the PICU, were effective in reducing 5% albumin use in the PICU with sustained reduction.
Anatomic Lung Resection Outcomes After Implementation of a Universal Thoracic ERAS Protocol Across a Diverse Healthcare System
Authors: Dyas Adam R. , Stuart Christina M. , Bronsert Michael R. , Kelleher Alyson D. , Bata Kyle E. , Cumbler Ethan U. , Erickson Crystal J. , Blum Matthew G. , Vizena Annette S. , Barker Alison R. , Funk Lauren , Sack Karishma , Abrams Benjamin A. , Randhawa Simran K. , David Elizabeth A. , Mitchell John D. , Weyant Michael J. , Scott Christopher D. , Meguid Robert A. 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
We sought to evaluate how implementing a thoracic Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol impacted surgical outcomes after elective anatomic lung resection.

Summary Background Data:
The effect of implementing the ERAS Society/European Society of Thoracic Surgery (ESTS) thoracic ERAS protocol on postoperative outcomes throughout an entire healthcare system has not yet been reported.

Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study within one healthcare system (1/2019-3/2023). A thoracic ERAS protocol was implemented on 5/1/2021 for elective anatomic lung resections, and postoperative outcomes were tracked using the electronic health record and Vizient data. The primary outcome was overall morbidity; secondary outcomes included individual complications, length of stay (LOS), opioid use, chest tube duration, and total cost. Patients were grouped into pre- and post-ERAS cohorts. Bivariable comparisons were performed using independent t-test, chi-square, or Fisher’s exact tests, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to control for confounders.

Results:
There were 1,007 patients in the cohort; 450 (44.7%) were in the post-ERAS group. Mean age was 66.2 years; most patients were female (65.1%), white (83.8%), had a BMI between 18.5-29.9 (69.7%), and were ASA class 3 (80.6%). Patients in the post-implementation group had lower risk-adjusted rates of any morbidity, any respiratory complication, pneumonia, surgical site infection, arrhythmias, infections, opioid usage, ICU use, and shorter postoperative LOS (all P<0.05).

Conclusions:
Postoperative outcomes were improved after implementation of an evidence-based thoracic ERAS protocol throughout the healthcare system. This study validates the ERAS Society/ESTS guidelines and demonstrates that simultaneous multihospital implementation can be feasible and effective.
Analysis of >15 000 Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Reveals Nonanal Genitourinary HPV-related Disease as Highest Risk Predictor for Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions/Anal Cancer
Authors: Freeman Matthew J. , Yang Qiuyu , Cherney-Stafford Linda , Striker Rob , Foley David P. , Al-Adra David P. , Sanger Cristina B. 
Published: February 2024

Background.
Solid organ transplantation is a risk predictor for virally-mediated anal squamous intraepithelial lesions and cancer (anal disease). Precancerous squamous intraepithelial lesions can be detected by screening, and treatment may prevent cancer progression. Screening recommendations are not well defined. We aim to define prevalence and describe risk predictors for anal disease in a large population of solid organ transplant recipients.

Methods.
Retrospective single-center cohort analysis included solid organ transplant recipients cared for between 2001 and 2022 (N = 15 362). The cohort of recipients who developed anal disease was compared with those who did not. Greedy propensity score matching was performed for organ-specific recipients, and time-to-event analysis for the development of anal disease was performed in those with genitourinary human papilloma virus (HPV) disease versus those without.

Results.
Prevalence of anal disease was 0.6% (cancer 0.2%). The average years from transplant to the diagnosis of anal disease was 11.67. Anal disease was more common in women (68.5% versus 31.5%, P < 0.001), patients who had other HPV-related genitourinary diseases (40.4% versus 0.6%, P < 0.001), who were of younger age at transplant (39.62 versus 46.58, P < 0.001), and had increased years from transplant (17.06 versus 12.57, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the odds of anal disease increased by 4% each year posttransplant. History of genitourinary HPV disease (odds ratio 69.63) and female sex (odds ratio 1.96) were the most significant risk predictors for anal disease.

Conclusions.
The prevalence of anal cancer among solid organ transplant recipients was equal to the general population (0.2%). Due to the low prevalence of overall disease, these data suggest that anal screenings in transplant recipients should be targeted to higher-risk subsets: female recipients farther out from transplant and patients with genitourinary HPV-related diseases.
Magneto-optical anisotropies of two-dimensional antiferromagnetic
MPX3
from first principles
Authors: Rybak Miłosz , Faria Junior Paulo E. , Woźniak Tomasz , Scharoch Pawel , Fabian Jaroslav , Birowska Magdalena 
Published: February 2024

Here we systematically investigate the impact of the spin direction on the electronic and optical properties of transition metal phosphorus trichalcogenides (MPX3, M=Mn, Ni, Fe; X=S, Se) exhibiting various antiferromagnetic arrangements within the 2D limit. Our analysis based on the density functional theory and versatile formalism of Bethe-Salpeter equation reveals larger exciton binding energies for MPS3 (up to 1.1 eV in air) than MPSe3 (up to 0.8 eV in air), exceeding the values of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). For the (Mn,Fe)PX3, we determine the optically active band-edge transitions, revealing that they are sensitive to in-plane magnetic order, irrespective of the type of chalcogen atom. We predict the anistropic effective masses and the type of linear polarization as important fingerprints for sensing the type of magnetic AFM arrangements. Furthermore, we identify the spin-orientation-dependent features such as the valley splitting, the effective mass of holes, and the exciton binding energy. In particular, we demonstrate that for MnPX3 (X=S, Se), a pair of nonequivalent K+ and K− points exists yielding the valley splittings that strongly depend on the direction of AFM aligned spins. Notably, for the out-of-plane direction of spins, two distinct peaks are expected to be visible below the absorption onset, whereas one peak should emerge for the in-plane configuration of spins. These spin-dependent features provide an insight into spin flop transitions of 2D materials. Finally, we propose a strategy for how the spin valley polarization can be realized in 2D AFM within a honeycomb lattice.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Positronium Laser Cooling via the
13S−23P
Transition with a Broadband Laser Pulse
Authors: Glöggler L. T. , Gusakova N. , Rienäcker B. , Camper A. , Caravita R. , Huck S. , Volponi M. , Wolz T. , Penasa L. , Krumins V. , Gustafsson F. P. , Comparat D. , Auzins M. , Bergmann B. , Burian P. , Brusa R. S. , Castelli F. , Cerchiari G. , Ciuryło R. , Consolati G. , Doser M. , Graczykowski Ł. , Grosbart M. , Guatieri F. , Haider S. , Janik M. A. , Kasprowicz G. , Khatri G. , Kłosowski Ł. , Kornakov G. , Lappo L. , Linek A. , Malamant J. , Mariazzi S. , Petracek V. , Piwiński M. , Pospíšil S. , Povolo L. , Prelz F. , Rangwala S. A. , Rauschendorfer T. , Rawat B. S. , Rodin V. , Røhne O. M. , Sandaker H. , Smolyanskiy P. , Sowiński T. , Tefelski D. , Vafeiadis T. , Welsch C. P. , Zawada M. , Zielinski J. , Zurlo N. ,   AEḡIS Collaboration
Published: February 2024

We report on laser cooling of a large fraction of positronium (Ps) in free flight by strongly saturating the 13S−23P transition with a broadband, long-pulsed 243 nm alexandrite laser. The ground state Ps cloud is produced in a magnetic and electric field-free environment. We observe two different laser-induced effects. The first effect is an increase in the number of atoms in the ground state after the time Ps has spent in the long-lived 23P states. The second effect is one-dimensional Doppler cooling of Ps, reducing the cloud’s temperature from 380(20) to 170(20) K. We demonstrate a 58(9)% increase in the fraction of Ps atoms with v1D<3.7×104  ms−1.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Effect of nano-Al2O3 particle addition on Co–P–xAl2O3 nanocomposite plating electroplated on X65 steel
Authors: Liang Guangwei , Gao Zhiming , Deng Cheng-Man , Hu Wenbin 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of nano-Al2O3 particle addition on the nucleation/growth kinetics, microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of Co–P–xAl2O3 nanocomposite plating.

Design/methodology/approach
The kinetics and properties of Co–P–xAl2O3 nanocomposite plating prepared by electroplating were investigated by electrochemical measurements, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Vickers microhardness measurement, SRV5 friction and wear tester and atomic force microscopy.

Findings
A 12 g/L nano-Al2O3 addition in the plating solution can transform the nucleation/growth kinetics of the plating from the 3D progressive model to the 3D instantaneous model. The microhardness of the plating increased with the increase of nano-Al2O3 content in plating. The wear resistance of the plating did not adhere strictly to Archard’s law. An even and denser corrosion product film was generated due to the finer grains, with a high corrosion resistance.

Originality/value
The effect of different nano-Al2O3 addition on the nucleation/growth kinetics and properties of Co–P–xAl2O3 nanocomposite plating was investigated, and an anticorrosion mechanism of Co–P–xAl2O3 nanocomposite plating was proposed.
Time-varying window-based herding detection in the non-fungible token (NFT) marketplace
Authors: De Silva Eminda Ishan , Kuruppu Gayithri Niluka , Dassanayake Sandun 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThe non-fungible token (NFT) market had undergone dramatic growth and a sudden decline during 2021–2022. The market experienced a surge in prices in late 2021 and early 2022, with NFTs being sold at inflated prices. Despite this, by April 2022, the market underwent a correction, and the prices of NFTs returned to more reasonable levels. This can be a result of imitating the actions or judgments of a larger group, which is not systematically proven yet. Therefore, this study systematically investigates the applicability of herding behavior in the NFT market.Design/methodology/approachThis research employs cross-sectional absolute deviation (CSAD) of returns and ordinary least squares (OLS) to test herding behavior with moving time windows of 10, 20 and 30 days based on the sales data collected from public interface of OpenSea between July 1, 2021 and June 30, 2022. Additionally, NFT-related keyword usage analysis is done for the detected herding periods.FindingsAs per the results of the data analyzed, herding behavior was evidenced using 10-, 20- and 30-day time windows from July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022because of media movement. The findings revealed that this behavior was present and aligned with the overall behavior of the market.Originality/valueThis study introduces CSAD to examine herding behavior patterns within the NFT market. Complementing this method, keyword count-based analysis is employed to identify the underlying causes of herding behavior. Through this comprehensive approach, this study not only uncovers the roots of herding behavior but also offers an assessment of the time windows during which it occurs, considering the plausible socioeconomic contexts that influence these trends.
Unraveling psychological dilemma among miners in the context of low-carbon transformation: an ISM-MICMAC approach
Authors: Han Shuai , Sun Tongtong , Jiskani Izhar Mithal , Guo Daoyan , Liang Xinrui , Wei Zhen 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
With the rapid low-carbon transformation in China, the industrial approach and labor structure of mining enterprises are undergoing constant changes, leading to an increasing psychological dilemma faced by coal miners. This study aims to reveal the relationship and mechanism of factors influencing the psychological dilemma of miners, and to provide optimal intervention strategies for the safety and sustainable development of employees and enterprises.

Design/methodology/approach
To effectively address the complex issue of the psychological dilemma faced by miners, this study identifies and constructs five-dimensional elements, comprising 20 indicators, that influence psychological dilemmas. The relational mechanism of action of factors influencing psychological dilemma was then elucidated using an integration of interpretive structural modeling and cross-impact matrix multiplication.

Findings
Industry dilemma perception is a “direct” factor with dependent attributes. The perceptions of management response and relationship dilemmas are “root” factors with driving attributes. Change adaptation dilemma perception is a “susceptibility” factor with linkage attributes. Work dilemma perception is a “blunt” factor with both dependent and autonomous attributes.

Originality/value
The aforementioned findings offer a critical theoretical and practical foundation for developing systematic and cascading intervention strategies to address the psychological dilemma mining enterprises face, which contributes to advancing a high-quality coal industry and efficient energy development.
Understanding practices which foster inclusion: views from the top
Authors: de Largy Christine , Anderson Deirdre , Vinnicombe Susan 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThis study aims to deepen our understanding of how inclusionary practices are used within organizations and how they satisfy specific inclusion needs.Design/methodology/approachWe adopt a qualitative research design, reporting on data from semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 diversity and inclusion (D&I) directors/leads and using a thematic approach to analysis.FindingsOur study expands understanding of inclusion practices, showing that they are not uniformly implemented and that practices may satisfy both needs to belong and differences valued, with interviewees prioritizing belonging. Well-being and career development are seen as important inclusion practices demonstrating support and appreciation of difference, thus as inputs, not outputs, of inclusion challenging existing assumptions. Inclusionary practices are malleable, and their impact depends critically on the leaders involved and their commitment to EDI.Originality/valueOur study shows how practices satisfy inclusion needs and that the implementation of practices varies depending on the leaders involved.
Blockchain for data protection and cyber fraud reduction: systematic literature review and technology adoption dynamics among gen Y and Z
Authors: Suri Ankit , Sharma Yogesh , Jindal Lokesh , Sijariya Rajeev 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the role of blockchain technology in reducing online fraud among Gen Y and Gen Z.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a two-phase approach. Firstly, a systematic literature review is conducted to examine various aspects of blockchain technology and cyber security. Secondly, the Technology Adoption Model is used to study the adoption dynamics of blockchain-based platforms for online data exchange among 415 Gen Y and Z users.FindingsThe results indicate that efficiency and security, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and trust have a positive effect on behavioral intention and attitude towards use. This is the first study to examine the role of blockchain technology to reduce fraud among Gen Y and Gen Z.Originality/valueThis study provides new insights into the adoption of blockchain-based platforms for online data exchange among Gen Y and Gen Z. The study highlights the critical areas of concern for the adoption of blockchain technology and provides managerial implications for fintech firms, banks, and e-commerce platforms. It is unique in its focus on the potential for blockchain technology to reduce fraud among Gen Y and Gen Z, which has not been previously explored in the literature.