bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitive and Selective Dual‐Mode Responses to Reactive Oxygen Species by Chiral Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles for Antiaging Skin
Authors: Qu Aihua , Chen Qiwen , Sun Maozhong , Xu Liguang , Hao Changlong , Xu Chuanlai , Kuang Hua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExcessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to oxidative stress and oxidative damage, which is one of the important factors for aging and age‐related diseases. Therefore, real‐time monitoring and the moderate elimination of ROS is extremely important. In this study, a ROS‐responsive circular dichroic (CD) at 553 nm and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dual‐signals chiral manganese oxide (MnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are designed and synthesized. Both the CD and MRI signals show excellent linear ranges for intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations, with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.0027 nmol/106 cells and 0.016 nmol/106 cells, respectively. The lower LOD achieved with CD detection may be attributable to its higher anti‐interference capability from the intracellular matrix. Importantly, ROS‐induced cell aging is intervened by chiral MnO2 NPs via redox reactions with excessive intracellular ROS. In vivo experiments confirm that chiral MnO2 NPs effectively eliminate ROS in skin tissue, reduce oxidative stress levels, and alleviate skin aging. This approach provides a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of age‐related diseases.
Aluminum and Indium Co‐Modified Ni‐Rich Layered Cathode with Enhanced Microstructure and Surface Stability for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hu Wen , Zhang Yaxin , Zhao Yue , Yang Rusen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNi‐rich layered oxides are considered as promising cathodes for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries. However, they still suffer microstructure and surface instability particularly under high operating voltage, leading to rapid capacity fading and battery failure. In this context, Ni‐rich layered cathodes (LiNixCoyMn1−x−yO2; LNCM) with aluminum and indium co‐modified crystal and surface structures are developed by a simple one‐pot calcination approach. Battery tests show that the Al and In co‐modified LNCM electrodes demonstrate remarkably enhanced rate capability and cycling stability compared with the pristine LNCM, Al‐doped LNCM, and In‐modified LNCM counterparts. Further characterizations reveal a simultaneous suppression of cracking and resistive film growth. The improved microstructural and surface stability originate from the synergistic functions of Al and In co‐modification. The incorporation of Al3+ into transition metal slab significantly reduces the Li+/Ni2+ antisite, which noticeably mitigates the undesired layer to rock‐salt phase transformation. The In3+ dopant dispersed in Li interslab can dissipate the anisotropic lattice strain, enabling greatly improved reversibility of H2↔H3 phase transition occurred in delithiation‐lithiation processes. Meanwhile, the synchronously formed LiInO2 adherent coatings deplete lithium residues, facilitate lithium‐ion transfer, and resist electrolyte corrosion. Microstructure and surface engineering through Al and In co‐modification offer a promising design strategy for Ni‐rich layered cathodes.
Color‐Tunable Carbon Dots with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Constructed by FRET between Surface Luminescence Centers
Authors: Wang Yijie , Zhou Shengju , Pan Shengmei , Sun Xiaofeng , Zhou Jin , Li Hongguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs a class of new fluorescent materials, carbon dots (CDs) have drawn widespread attention by virtue of their tunable photoluminescence (PL), excellent biocompatibility, and novel physicochemical properties. Unfortunately, in solid state, most CDs experience serious aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ). In this work, color‐tunable CDs with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) are prepared by simply changing the filling ratio of the autoclave. The obtained CDs show dual emission (green/red) in solid state, and the fluorescent color can be tuned from green to red. These CDs all exhibit blue fluorescence in dilute solution, and aggregation‐induced redshift behaviors are observed when the CDs form aggregates. Structural and optical characterizations prove that blue fluorescence is contributed by the carbon cores, whereas the green/red emission is attributed to the surface groups. Multicolor fluorescence is caused by increased fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency among the dual emission (green/red) peaks from g‐CDs to r‐CDs. Surprisingly, delayed fluorescence (DF) of CDs are brightened by inserting the CDs into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films, which can be easily recognized by the naked eyes with a lifetime up to ms. Finally, owing to the unique AIE and DF properties, the four CDs can be applied to multimodal advanced anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption.
Preferential Regulation of Γ‐Secretase‐Mediated Cleavage of APP by Ganglioside GM1 Reveals a Potential Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Wang Xiaotong , Zhou Rui , Sun Xiaqin , Li Jun , Wang Jinxin , Yue Weihua , Wang Lifang , Liu Hesheng , Shi Yigong , Zhang Dai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the senile plaque, which contains β‐amyloid peptides (Aβ). Ganglioside GM1 is the most common brain ganglioside. However, the mechanism of GM1 in modulating Aβ processing is rarely known. Aβ levels are detected by using Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme‐linked immune‐sorbent assay (ELISA). Cryo‐electron microscopy (Cryo‐EM) is used to determine the structure of γ‐secretase supplemented with GM1. The levels of the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP)/Cadherin/Notch1 are detected using Western blot analysis. Y maze, object translocation, and Barnes maze are performed to evaluate cognitive functions. GM1 leads to conformational change of γ‐secretase structure and specifically accelerates γ‐secretase cleavage of APP without affecting other substrates including Notch1, potentially through its interaction with the N‐terminal fragment of presenilin 1 (PS1). Reduction of GM1 levels decreases amyloid plaque deposition and improves cognitive dysfunction. This study reveals the mechanism of GM1 in Aβ generation and provides the evidence that decreasing GM1 levels represents a potential strategy in AD treatment. These results provide insights into the detailed mechanism of the effect of GM1 on PS1, representing a step toward the characterization of its novel role in the modulation of γ‐secretase activity and the pathogenesis of AD.
Boosting CO2 Photoreduction via Regulating Charge Transfer Ability in a One‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework
Authors: Zou Lei , Chen Zi‐Ao , Si Duan‐Hui , Yang Shuai‐Long , Gao Wen‐Qiang , Wang Kai , Huang Yuan‐Biao , Cao Rong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) imine‐based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) hold potential for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. However, high energy barrier of imine linkage impede the in‐plane photoelectron transfer process, resulting in inadequate efficiency of CO2 photoreduction. Herein, we present a dimensionality induced local electronic modulation strategy through the construction of one‐dimensional (1D) pyrene‐based covalent organic frameworks (PyTTA‐COF). The dual‐chain‐like edge architectures of 1D PyTTA‐COF enable the stabilization of aromatic backbones, thus reducing energy loss during exciton dissociation and thermal relaxation, which provides energetic photoelectron to traverse the energy barrier of imine linkages. As a result, the 1D PyTTA‐COF exhibits significantly enhanced CO2 photoreduction activity under visible‐light irradiation when coordinated with metal cobalt ion, yielding a remarkable CO evolution of 1003 μmol g−1 over an 8‐hour period, which surpasses that of the corresponding 2D counterpart by a factor of 59. These findings present a valuable approach to address in‐plane charge transfer limitations in imine‐based COFs.
Structure and Function of the α‐Hydroxylation Bimodule of the Mupirocin Polyketide Synthase
Authors: Winter Ashley J. , Khanizeman R. Nisha , Barker‐Mountford Abigail M. C. , Devine Andrew J. , Wang Luoyi , Song Zhongshu , Davies Jonathan A. , Race Paul R. , Williams Christopher , Simpson Thomas J. , Willis Christine L. , Crump Matthew P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMupirocin is a clinically important antibiotic produced by a trans‐AT Type I polyketide synthase (PKS) in Pseudomonas fluorescens. The major bioactive metabolite, pseudomonic acid A (PA−A), is assembled on a tetrasubstituted tetrahydropyran (THP) core incorporating a 6‐hydroxy group proposed to be introduced by α‐hydroxylation of the thioester of the acyl carrier protein (ACP) bound polyketide chain. Herein, we describe an in vitro approach combining purified enzyme components, chemical synthesis, isotopic labelling, mass spectrometry and NMR in conjunction with in vivo studies leading to the first characterisation of the α‐hydroxylation bimodule of the mupirocin biosynthetic pathway. These studies reveal the precise timing of hydroxylation by MupA, substrate specificity and the ACP dependency of the enzyme components that comprise this α‐hydroxylation bimodule. Furthermore, using purified enzyme, it is shown that the MmpA KS0 shows relaxed substrate specificity, suggesting precise spatiotemporal control of in trans MupA recruitment in the context of the PKS. Finally, the detection of multiple intermodular MupA/ACP interactions suggests these bimodules may integrate MupA into their assembly.
Effect of structural evolution in high‐temperature thermal oxidative stabilized polyacrylonitrile fibers on carbonized fibers
Authors: Ge Yuan , Zhang Huixuan , Yu Huanyang , Fu Zhongyu , Deng Yunjiao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effect of structure and properties of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers during thermal oxidative stabilization (TOS) stage (especially high‐temperature TOS stage at 270–300°C) on the skin‐core structure of carbonized fibers was studied. The work clarified the reasons for selecting the highest TOS temperature, and also determined the optimal TOS temperature range of obtaining structurally stable carbonized fibers. The changes of chemical groups were quantitatively calculated by a combination of peak‐fitting and second‐order derivative methods. The results showed that the cyclization was dominant in the early TOS stage, oxidation reaction mainly occurred in the post‐TOS stage, and crosslinking structure significantly increased after 250°C. In the high‐temperature TOS stage, cyclization reaction was basically completed, the growth rate of oxygen content slowed down, and dehydrogenation index continued to increase. The microstructure observation found that the grooves on the fiber surface were gradually smooth after low‐temperature and high‐temperature carbonization. The radial structure of A285‐1350 and A300‐1350 fibers have obvious heterogeneity, and diameter dropped below 5 μm. Therefore, carbonized fibers have obvious structural defects when the TOS temperature is above 285°C. The TOS temperature between 200 and 285°C is more conducive to obtain structurally stable carbonized fibers.
FieldPrism: A system for creating snapshot vouchers from field images using photogrammetric markers and QR codes
Authors: Weaver William N. , Smith Stephen A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPremiseField images are important sources of information for research in the natural sciences. However, images that lack photogrammetric scale bars, including most iNaturalist observations, cannot yield accurate trait measurements. We introduce FieldPrism, a novel system of photogrammetric markers, QR codes, and software to automate the curation of snapshot vouchers.Methods and ResultsOur photogrammetric background templates (FieldSheets) increase the utility of field images by providing machine‐readable scale bars and photogrammetric reference points to automatically correct image distortion and calculate a pixel‐to‐metric conversion ratio. Users can generate a QR code flipbook derived from a specimen identifier naming hierarchy, enabling machine‐readable specimen identification for automatic file renaming. We also developed FieldStation, a Raspberry Pi–based mobile imaging apparatus that records images, GPS location, and metadata redundantly on up to four USB storage devices and can be monitored and controlled from any Wi‐Fi connected device.ConclusionsFieldPrism is a flexible software tool designed to standardize and improve the utility of images captured in the field. When paired with the optional FieldStation, researchers can create a self‐contained mobile imaging apparatus for quantitative trait data collection.
Measuring intelligence in Autism andADHD: Measurement invariance of the‐Binet 5th editionand impact of subtest scatter on abbreviatedIQaccuracy
Authors: Stephenson Kevin G. , Levine Ann , Russell Nicholas C. C. , Horack John , Butter Eric M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractScatter and heterogeneity in cognitive profiles is thought to be common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which may indicate differences in the construct of IQ. However, less research has investigated IQ scatter in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Scatter is also thought to negatively impact the predictive validity of IQ summary scores, although there is research refuting this notion. Abbreviated IQ tests, such as the Stanford‐Binet fifth edition (SB‐5) abbreviated battery IQ (ABIQ), may be especially susceptible to the influence of scatter. We tested the measurement invariance of the SB‐5 as well as the predictive validity of the ABIQ in predicting FSIQ in 1679 youth (21% female) ages 2–16 years with a clinical diagnosis of ASD or ADHD. Results indicated the SB‐5 is measuring IQ the same way in ASD and ADHD. There were no differences between diagnostic groups in scatter between ABIQ (i.e., routing) subtests. Additionally, scatter was not related to dimensional autistic traits. Higher degree of scatter was associated with poorer predictive validity of the ABIQ and a higher likelihood of overestimating FSIQ, regardless of diagnosis. Overall, we found more similarities than differences between the ASD and ADHD groups. Our results show that the SB‐5 ABIQ is generally a strong predictor of FSIQ in youth with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the use of the SB‐5 ABIQ in research and clinical applications, without consideration of scatter on routing subtests, is potentially problematic.
Microstructure Control of LiCoO2‐Li10GeP2S12 Composite Cathodes by Adjusting the Particle Size Distribution for the Enhancement of All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Yamada Yuto , Watanabe Kenta , Kim Han‐Seul , Suzuki Kota , Hori Satoshi , Kanno Ryoji , Hirayama Masaaki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the group of Prof. Masaaki Hirayama. The front cover shows the migration of electrons and lithium‐ions along three‐dimensional conductive pathways originated from the microstructure in the composite cathode. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/batt.202300261.
Untersuchungen über den Mechanismus der Oxydation von Reineisen und niedrig legierten Stählen
Authors: Engell H.‐J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn investigation on the distribution of defects in layers of wüstite revealed a linear relation for the concentration of vacancies. A relation of this type for the concentration of mobile defects in tarnish layers follows from Wagner's theory of tarnish processes, if the diffusion coefficient of the vacancies is independent of concentration, and if their activity is proportional to concentration. In wüstite this is approximately true.In growing wüstite tarnish layers, equilibrium exists at the phase boundaries between iron and wüstite and between wüstite and magnetite. It may be disturbed by cracks forming between the oxide layer and the metal. The causes of crack formation and the influence of cracks on the mechanism of oxydation are discussed.The influence of alloying elements in a concentration below 1% on the tarnishing of iron depends on their affinity to oxygen and on the reactions between their oxides and wüstite. These elements may be classified into three groups according to their mode of reaction and their influence on the kinetics of oxidation. Carbon is an exception because of its gaseous reaction products. An investigation on the oxidation of iron ‐ carbon alloys shows that carbon oxidizes preferentially. Probably it reaches the gas phase by diffusing through the tarnish layer. Under certain conditions of experiment this diffusion may become rate determining for the decarbonisation of the alloys.
Niederdruckbereich und Hochdruckbereich des unimolekularen N2O‐Zerfalls
Authors: Olschewski H. A. , Troe J. , Wagner H. Gg. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDer unimolekulare, homogene thermische Zerfall von N2O bei hoher Verdünnung im Trägergas Argon wurde in Stoßwellenexperimenten vom Niederdruckbereich bis zum Hochdruckbereich bei Temperaturen zwischen 1400 und 2500 °K und Drucken zwischen 0,8 und 300 Atm (≙ Konzentrationen zwischen 5 · 10−6 und 2 · 10−3 Mol/cm3) untersucht. Für den unimolekularen Schritt N2O → N2 + O ergab sich im Niederdruckbereich die Geschwindigkeitskonstante 1014,7 · exp \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left({{\rm -}\frac{{{\rm 58}\,{\rm kcal/Mol}}}{{{\rm RT}}}} \right) $\end{document} [cm3 Mol−1 sec−1] im Hochdruckbereich 1011,1 · exp \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left({{\rm -}\frac{{{\rm 59}\,{\rm kcal/Mol}}}{{{\rm RT}}}} \right)[\sec ^{- 1}]. $\end{document}.Es wird eine theoretische Behandlung des Zerfalls gegeben. Für die im Mittel im Stoß aus aktivierten Molekülen übertragene Schwingungsenergie ergibt sich 0,1 kcal/Mol, so daß Modelle „schwacher Stöße”︁ anzuwenden sind. Als Bindungsdissoziationsenergie erhält man E0 = 63 kcal/Mol, als Matrixelement für den Singulett‐Triplett‐Übergang größenordnungsmäßig 100 cal/Mol.
Wasserstoffbückenassoziation und Komplexbildung von Dimethylamin in n‐Hexan und Tetrachlorkohlenstoff (nach Dampfdruckmessungen)
Authors: Wolff H. , Höppel H.‐E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUm die Gleichgewichtsdrucke des Systems Dimethylamin‐Tetrachlorkohlenstoff bestimmen zu können, wird eine Methode zur statischen Druckmessung entwickelt, bei der der Gleichgewichtsdampf mit Quecksilber und Hahnfett nicht in Berührung kommt. Bei der Methode wird ein hochempfindliches Quarzspiralmanometer als Nullinstrument verwandt und der Zugang zur Meßzelle mit Metallventilen reguliert.Die Messungen am System Dimethylamin‐Tetrachlorkohlenstoff ergeben für die Dampfdruckisothermen zwischen −20 und +20°C unterhalb des Aminmolenbruchs 0,1 geringe positive Abweichungen von der Raoultschen Geraden, oberhalb dieses Molenbruchs aber geringe negative Abweichungen. Die Aktivitätskoeffizienten werden nur wenig von 1 verschieden gefunden. Dementsprechend können Assoziationskonstanten, Assoziationsenergien und andere für die Assoziation charakteristische Größen nicht mit der Prigogineschen Theorie assoziierter Lösungen berechnet werden.Entsprechende Messungen am System Dimethylamin‐n‐Hexan ergeben für die Isothermen zwischen −50 und +20°C im ganzen Molenbruchbereich stark positive Abweichungen von der Raoultschen Geraden. Die Aktivitätskoeffizienten werden wesentlich größer als 1 gefunden. Mit der Prigogineschen Theorie assoziierter Lösungen wird aus ihnen für die Dimerisationswärme der Dimethylaminmolekeln mit etwa 1700 cal/mol praktisch derselbe Wert berechnet wie für die Dimerisationsenergie der primären aliphatischen Amine in den Lösungen mit Kohlenwasserstoffen, während Assoziationskonstanten und andere den Assoziationsgrad beschreibende Größen deutlich kleiner als bei den primären Verbindungen gefunden werden. Die Unterschiede im thermodynamischen Verhalten der beiden Systeme lassen sich damit erklären, daß in Hexan nur eine Selbstassoziation des Amins, in Tetrachlorkohlenstoff aber daneben noch eine Mischassoziation mit dem Lösungsmittel besteht. Diese Deutung ist mit Ergebnissen in Einklang, wonach Amine mit Tetrachlorkohlenstoff Donator‐Akzeptor‐Komplexe bilden, bei denen das Amin als Donator und der Tetrachlorkohlenstoff als Akzeptor fungiert.
Amyand hernia as a rare cause of abdominal pain: A case report and literature review
Authors: Radboy Mahsa , Kalantari Mohammad Ebrahim , Einafshar Negar , Zandbaf Tooraj , Bagherzadeh Ali Akbar , Shari’at Moghani Mahta 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageAmyand's hernia is an uncommon kind of inguinal hernia in which the appendix becomes entrapped within the hernia sac. In patients with an inflamed or perforated appendix, mesh repair is not recommended for hernia repair.AbstractAmyand's hernia is an uncommon kind of inguinal hernia in which the appendix becomes entrapped within the hernia sac. We report a 48‐year‐old man with a right groin protrusion and abdominal pain. In the abdominopelvic ultrasound, an appendix with a diameter of 9 mm was reported in the right inguinal canal. The patient was diagnosed with Amyand hernia.
Modeling of the Bioleaching of Process Silver Pulp
Authors: Salinas Jesús Iván , Núñez-Ramírez Diola Marina , Manero Octavio , Bautista Fernando , Medina-Torres Luis 
Published: September 2023

AbstractModeling of the bioleaching process applied to the system silver‐manganese (Ag‐Mn) was carried out. The two‐moving‐fronts model was used to describe the main stages of the process. Bioleaching involves a catalytic process carried out by bacteria to dissolve the mineral ores. Initially, the bacteria interact with the mineral to dissolve manganese, leading to the precipitation of silver. The Ag‐Mn compound is dissolved by the bacteria in two stages. First, the bacteria dissolve the manganese and form a biofilm composed mostly of exopolysaccharides. In the second stage, the biofilm is consumed by the bacteria, ending up in dissolved manganese and silver precipitation. At 48 h, the viscosity of the pulp reaches a maximum attributed to the maximum concentration of extracellular polysaccharides in the medium. Predictions describe the basic issues of the bioleaching process in this system.
Monitoring Polymeric Fouling in a Continuous Reactor by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Neßlinger Vanessa , Rust Sören , Atlanov Jan , Pauer Werner , Grundmeier Guido 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMonitoring early stages of polymeric deposit formation and its prevention were studied by in‐situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in a continuously operating reactor employed for polymer production. An EIS flow cell was designed and employed during the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate. The electrochemical analysis of the complex impedance at the solution/reactor interface allows the time‐resolved detection of film formation processes. In comparison to oxide‐covered stainless steel, an anti‐adhesive sol‐gel coated alloy showed a significant inhibition of poly(vinyl acetate) fouling. The EIS‐based approach proved to be a valuable tool for monitoring both thin barrier film performance and fouling processes under harsh process conditions.
TRKing sarcomas for precision medicine: Seek, and ye shall find!
Authors: Moyers Justin T. , Subbiah Vivek 
Published: September 2023

Plain language summaryThe way in which we treat different types of cancer has changed a lot because of genome‐driven precision oncology. This approach uses information from a person’s genes to personalize their treatment.A recent study conducted by Kummar and colleagues confirms that neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) inhibitors are beneficial in treating sarcomas with NTRK fusions.This study adds to the growing evidence that genomics, which is the study of genes and their functions, can help us to identify effective treatments even for rare targets such as NTRK fusions.This emphasizes the importance of using advanced DNA sequencing techniques in analyzing the genetic makeup of all sarcomas.