bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multicellular liver organoid model for investigating hepatitis C virus infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression
Authors: Lee Jaeseo , Gil Dayeon , Park Hyeyeon , Lee Youngsun , Mun Seon Ju , Shin Yongbo , Jo Eunji , Windisch Marc P. , Kim Jung-Hyun , Son Myung Jin 
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims:
HCV infection can be successfully managed with antiviral therapies; however, progression to chronic liver disease states, including NAFLD, is common. There is currently no reliable in vitro model for investigating host-viral interactions underlying the link between HCV and NAFLD; although liver organoids (LOs) show promise, they currently lack nonparenchymal cells, which are key to modeling disease progression.

Approach and Results:
Here, we present a novel, multicellular LO model using a coculture system of macrophages and LOs differentiated from the same human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). The cocultured macrophages shifted toward a Kupffer-like cell type, the liver-resident macrophages present in vivo, providing a suitable model for investigating NAFLD pathogenesis. With this multicellular Kupffer-like cell-containing LO model, we found that HCV infection led to lipid accumulation in LOs by upregulating host lipogenesis, which was more marked with macrophage coculture. Reciprocally, long-term treatment of LOs with fatty acids upregulated HCV amplification and promoted inflammation and fibrosis. Notably, in our Kupffer-like cell-containing LO model, the effects of 3 drugs for NASH that have reached phase 3 clinical trials exhibited consistent results with the clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:
Taken together, we introduced a multicellular LO model consisting of hepatocytes, Kupffer-like cells, and HSCs, which recapitulated host-virus intercommunication and intercellular interactions. With this novel model, we present a physiologically relevant system for the investigation of NAFLD progression in patients with HCV.
Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis delta virus infection in patients with hepatitis B in the United States: An analysis of the All-Payer Claims Database
Authors: Gish Robert G. , Jacobson Ira M. , Lim Joseph K. , Waters-Banker Christine , Kaushik Ankita , Kim Chong , Cyhaniuk Anissa , Wong Robert J. 
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims:
HDV leads to the most severe form of viral hepatitis; however, the prevalence of HDV is not well understood. Using real-world data from the All-Payer Claims Database, this study estimates the prevalence of HBV/HDV infection among the chronic HBV population and describes patient/clinical characteristics for adults with HBV/HDV infection in the United States.

Approach and Results:
Adults (≥18 years) with ≥1 inpatient claim or ≥2 outpatient claims for HDV infection or HBV in the All-Payer Claims Database from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020, were identified. HDV prevalence was calculated as the proportion of patients with HBV/HDV infection among total patients with HBV infection. Patient characteristics, socioeconomic status, advanced liver complications (eg, cirrhosis, HCC), and comorbidities were assessed. A total of 6719 patients were diagnosed with HBV/HDV among 144,975 with HBV and 12 months of continuous data, for a prevalence of 4.6%. At diagnosis, 31.7% of patients with HBV/HDV had advanced liver complications, including compensated cirrhosis (16.3%) and decompensated cirrhosis (10.4%). Diabetes (50.5%), hypertension (49.8%), and HIV infection (30.9%) were the top 3 comorbidities.

Conclusions:
In a large database capturing approximately 80% of the US-insured population, HBV/HDV infection prevalence was 4.6% among adults infected with HBV. Patients infected with HDV had high rates of baseline liver complications and other comorbidities at the time of diagnosis, suggesting potentially delayed diagnosis and/or treatment. Earlier identification of HBV/HDV infection among the population with HBV may provide opportunities to improve linkage to care and treatment, thereby reducing the risk of liver-related morbidity and mortality.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Features Among Pilots of the Republic of Korea Air Force
Authors: Park Jae Yong , Kim Jae Suk , Sim Ha Eun , Lee Seung Hyun , Na Hyun Min , Kang Min Ji , Hwang Je Hyung 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) features among pilots of Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF).

Methods:
This retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed with a total of 2781 ROKAF pilots who underwent regular medical examinations between 2020-2021. AMD features were determined and graded by fundus photographs. Risk factors were identified with logistic regression analysis in odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results:
The prevalence was 12.9% in the ROKAF pilots and 35.2% in those over 50 years of age. Pilots with AMD features were positively associated with age (OR:1.082, CI:1.067-1.096, P<0.001), male sex (OR:0.229, CI:0.056-0.939, P=0.041), smoking (OR:1.027, CI:1.008-1.047, P=0.006), flight time (OR:1.004, CI:1.003-1.005, P<0.001), total cholesterol (OR:1.004, CI:1.000-1.007, P=0.033), and low-density lipoprotein (OR:1.005, CI:1.001-1.008, P=0.011). Aircraft type was also identified as a risk factor (OR:0.617, CI:0.460-0.827 for carrier, OR:0.572, CI:0.348-0.940 for helicopter, P=0.002), with fighter pilots having a higher risk than carrier and helicopter pilots. The results were similar for pilots over 50 years of age.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of AMD features in ROKAF pilots was higher than other general populations studied. Identified risk factors such as flight time and aircraft type suggest potential occupational risk of AMD in aviators.
MODIFICATION OF THE SUPRACHOROIDAL BUCKLING TECHNIQUE FOR THE TREATMENT OF RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT
Authors: Bosnar Damir , Zagorec Mira Knežić , Bušić Mladen , Marković Leon , Cigić Valentina , Predović Jurica , Ramić Senad 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:
To describe modification of the suprachoroidal buckling technique for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) which may improve the safety profile.

METHODS:
A single-surgeon foot-pedal-controlled automated suprachoroidal injection (SCI) of sodium hyaluronate 1%, namely ProVisc® (Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX, USA) was used for the treatment of RRD. MicroDose™ Injection Kit (MedOne Surgical, Sarasota, FL, USA) including connector and 1 mL syringe, designed for subretinal injection, was used to adapt Constellation® Vision System (Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX, USA) vitrectomy console for SCI of ProVisc® from the 1 mL syringe.

RESULTS:
This approach enables better surgeon control during SCI. Three highly myopic eyes of three patients with primary macula-on RRD and single superior peripheral retinal break were treated. Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in all eyes without complications.

CONCLUSION:
Injecting ProVisc® under foot-pedal control provides a more precise and potentially safer suprachoroidal buckling technique compared to manual technique with more variable injection speed and pressure.
The desire for side-effect information in pain treatment: an experimental analysis of contextual and individual difference factors
Authors: Clemens Kelly S. , Vang Michael , Colloca Luana , Sieg Mette , Vase Lene , Ruble Abigail , Geers Andrew L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Informing patients about potential side effects of pain treatment is a requirement that protects patients and aids decision making, but it increases the likelihood of unwanted nocebo side effects. If patients do not desire all side-effect information, it may be possible to ethically reduce nocebo effects through authorized concealment of side effects, whereby patients and clinicians engage in shared decision-making to regulate the disclosure of side-effect information. Currently, there is no experimental data clarifying the factors that causally influence desire for side-effect information in pain treatment. In 2 cross-sectional, between-subjects scenario experiments (experiment 1 N = 498, experiment 2 N = 501), 18 to 79-year-old community adults learned about a lower back pain treatment, and potential side-effect severity, frequency, and duration were manipulated. Individual differences in information avoidance were also recorded. In both experiments, participants reported high desire for side-effect information, but the desire was reduced when side effects were described as less severe, less frequent, and participants scored high in information avoidance. Results were not moderated by participants' level of contact with the health care system, chronic health condition, or clinical pain history. Additional analyses indicated that low side-effect severity and frequency lessen desire for side-effect information because these variables reduce belief that side-effect information will be needed in the future and lower feelings of anticipated regret. The experiments identify situational and individual-difference factors that decrease the desire for side-effect information and provide evidence on when and for whom it may be useful for physicians to engage in shared medical decision-making with the goal of reducing nocebo side effects.
Draining Lesions in the Intergluteal Cleft
Authors: Han Joseph , Luu Yen , Admani Shehla 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Pilonidal disease typically affects the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the upper intergluteal cleft. Prompt recognition of this diagnosis is imperative to facilitate timely treatment of this disease to reduce morbidity and improve health outcomes for patients. Herein, we describe a case of a young patient with pilonidal disease and discuss the optimal management practice for this condition.
Describing Skin Lesions in Dermatology
Authors: Brickley Sylvana , Lipworth Adam 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
This article serves as a primer for dermatology nurses and others practicing dermatology, to define and summarize the most commonly used primary and secondary terms to describe skin lesions in dermatology. The importance of a standardized approach to describing examination findings is discussed. Photos of primary and secondary lesions as well as examples of each are presented.
Managing Surgical Site Scarring as a Complication of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Birchansky Bradlee , Greif Trenton , Powers Edward Michael , Powers Jennifer G. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTPathologic collagen deposition in the form of keloid or hypertrophic scarring can result from any procedure that involves skin barrier disturbance. In this case report, we present a case of a patient who developed hypertrophic scarring complicated by the uncommon symptom of dysesthesia after pacemaker implantation and was successfully treated with intralesional corticosteroids. Although intralesional steroid injection is a well-known treatment option for hypertrophic scarring, both the rarity of hypertrophic scarring after pacemaker implantation and the seriousness of the complications that can result from pocket seeding and infection after injection at a pacemaker site are noteworthy. This case thus serves as a precautionary guideline for providers who will encounter similar cases.
Overview of modern genomic tools for diagnosis and precision therapy of childhood solid cancers
Authors: Mardis Elaine R. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
The application of technology and computational analyses to generate new data types from pediatric solid cancers is transforming diagnostic accuracy. This review provides an overview of such new capabilities in the pursuit of improved treatment for essentially rare and underserved diseases that are the highest cause of mortality in children over one year of age. Sophisticated ways of identifying therapeutic vulnerabilities for highly personalized treatment are presented alongside cutting-edge disease response monitoring by liquid biopsy.

Recent findings
Precision molecular profiling data are now being combined with conventional pathology-based evaluation of pediatric cancer tissues. The resulting diagnostic information can be used to guide therapeutic decision-making, including the use of small molecule inhibitors and of immunotherapies. Integrating somatic and germline variant profiles constitutes a critical component of this emerging paradigm, as does tissue-of-origin derivation from methylation profiling, and rapid screening of potential therapies. These new approaches are poised for use in disease response and therapy resistance monitoring.

Summary
The integration of clinical molecular profiling data with pathology can provide a highly precise diagnosis, identify therapeutic vulnerabilities, and monitor patient responses, providing next steps toward precision oncology for improved outcomes, including reducing lifelong treatment-related sequelae.
Effect of aromatherapy with rose essential oil on the nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Takasi Poorya , Ghanbari Atefeh , Maroufizadeh Saman , Parvinroo Shirin , Gharib Sirous , khaleghdoost Mohammadi Tahere , ashrafi Sanam 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The present study aims to determine the effect of aromatherapy with rose essential oil on the rate of nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients.

Materials and methods:
This randomized controlled trial included 66 cancer patients who were randomly divided: the rose essential oil aromatherapy group (n=33) and the control group (n=33). The sampling period ranged from November 2022 to March 2023. The state of nausea and vomiting was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale.

Results:
The average scores of nausea and vomiting of both the second and third cycle in three time periods after chemotherapy (first, second, and third six hours) were significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group (P<0.001). Also, in the second cycle of chemotherapy, unlike the third cycle of chemotherapy, there was a significant interaction between group and time (ηp2=0.100, P=0.001, F (84.70, 1.37) = 6.91). In other words, the amount of difference between the mean scores of nausea and vomiting of the two control and intervention groups depended on the variable levels of time and vice versa.

Conclusion:
The results indicate the reducing effect of aromatherapy with rose essential oil on the severity of nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy in cancer patients. Therefore, it is recommended to be used in chemotherapy to reduce the severity of nausea and vomiting according to the patient’s condition.
A nonossifying fibroma of the femoral neck treated with curettage and dynamic hip screw with free fibular bone graft: a case report
Authors: Al Masri Mohamad , Muhammed Hussain , Alrezej Ola Mahmoud , Alfrouh Ameen Esa 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and importance:
Nonossifying fibroma (NOF) is a benign fibrogenic lesion that is related to dysfunctional ossification and one of the most common benign bone tumors in childhood with incidence rate of 30–40% of skeletally immature children.

Presentation of case:
A 25-year-old female with left hip pain for the past 2 months, which was treated conservatively, presented with severe pain in the hip. X-ray showed a pathologic fracture in the neck of the femur with underlying lesion. MRI showed an osteolytic lesion in neck of the femur. Curettage of the lesion was done with free fibular bone graft and stabilized by Dynamic Hip Screw and specimen sent to pathology. The pathology report consisted with NOF. No-weight bearing for 8 weeks with physical rehabilitation were ordered and six months later the patient had a full range of motion and healed fracture.

Clinical discussion\Conclusion:
This study revealed that the surgical treatment with bone graft for pathologic femoral neck fracture and underlying NOF allowed a quick return to mobility and can be fixed sufficiently to achieve excellent postoperative recovery.
Cutaneous larva migrans in a child: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Shrestha Amrita , K.C. Kusha , Baral Abal , Shrestha Rojina , Shrestha Rabina 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a dermatitis caused by the invasion and migration of parasitic larvae of hookworms, primarily affecting tropical and subtropical regions. This report presents a case of CLM in a Nepali child and provides an overview of the literature on this condition.

Case report:
A 4-year-old boy from a rural area in Nepal presented with a pruritic skin lesion on his left foot, initially misdiagnosed as fungal infection. The lesion gradually expanded, forming a serpiginous erythema, and became intensely pruritic. The patient’s family had poor socioeconomic conditions, and the child frequently walked barefoot in an area with many domestic and stray dogs. Diagnosis was confirmed clinically, and treatment with oral albendazole and antihistamines resulted in complete resolution of symptoms.

Discussion:
CLM is a neglected zoonotic disease, with an underestimated burden in developing countries due to underreporting and misdiagnosis. The larvae of Ancylostoma spp. are common culprits, causing a localized inflammatory reaction as they migrate through the skin. Diagnosis is mainly clinical and routine investigations usually reveal no abnormality. Complications may include secondary bacterial infections, allergies, and rare migration to internal organs. Treatment options include albendazole or ivermectin, with preventive measures emphasizing hygiene, footwear use, and pet deworming.

Conclusion:
CLM is a neglected disease that primarily affects marginalized communities in tropical regions. Raising awareness among healthcare providers, conducting observational studies, and developing treatment guidelines, especially for children, are essential steps to address this public health concern. Preventive efforts, such as promoting hygiene and footwear use, should be encouraged to reduce CLM incidence.
Medium-sized buccal mucosa defect reconstruction with buccal advancement flap in mucoepidermoid carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: a case report
Authors: Srivanitchapoom Chonticha , Yata Kedsaraporn 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and importance:
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) ex pleomorphic adenoma is a rare type of salivary gland cancer. Surgical resection remains the standard therapy for this malignancy. After tumor removal, larger defects may require a local, regional, or free flap, while smaller ones can be closed primarily. Managing medium-sized defects can be challenging, especially on the buccal mucosa.

Presentation of case:
A 47-year-old man had a buccal mucosa mass for 10 years, which gradually grew over a year and irritated his chewing. A 2.2×2 cm buccal mass was observed with telangiectatic and erythematous alterations in the surrounding mucosa. The preoperative tissue biopsy suggested salivary gland malignancy. The patient underwent surgical excision and a single-stage buccal advancement flap reconstruction, successfully closing the 4 cm defect. The final diagnosis was MEC ex pleomorphic adenoma. He reported mild discomfort during the first few months while opening his mouth. The patient had fully recovered after 6 months.

Clinical discussion:
This is the first case of MEC arising in a pleomorphic adenoma of the buccal mucosa. For low-grade and small-sized tumors, a single modality is appropriate for treatment. Local flaps such as buccal fat pad or musculomucosal flap can repair medium-sized defects. However, the buccal advancement flap provides effective functional and esthetic benefits, optimal healing conditions, and reduces complications risk.

Conclusion:
The buccal advancement flap is a valuable option for reconstructing medium-sized buccal defects up to 4 cm. The single-stage surgical procedure has been proven to yield minimal complications and provide a favorable outcome.
Rhupus syndrome. a case report of a rare combination
Authors: Drie Tasneem , Khalayli Naram , Haidar Ghina , Haj Ali Diaa 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and importance:
Rhupus syndrome is a very rare combination of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. It is characterized by the presence of erosive arthritis with symptoms and signs of systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatoid nodules and neurological and renal involvement are further complications of Rhupus syndrome, leading to a worse prognosis.

Case presentation:
The authors presented a young female patient diagnosed with lupus erythematosus, who laterally, developed clinical signs and biomarkers that led to the diagnosis of Rhupus syndrome. This is believed to be of relevance to the knowledge of the medical community.

Conclusion:
Despite being a rare entity, it is important to know its early diagnosis, and treatment to reduce the complications
Development, Feasibility, and Preliminary Effects of a Hybrid-Mode Multicomponent Music Intervention for Women Undergoing Mastectomy
Authors: Tola Yetunde Oluwafunmilayo , Lawal Moshood Akinwumi , Johnson Esther Olubusola , Phiri Patrick Gladson , Iloba Njokanma G. , Lawal Abdulrazzaq Oluwagbemiga , Liang Wei , Chow Ka Ming 
Published: November 2023

Background
Music listening interventions have been used to manage preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in women undergoing breast cancer (BC) using face-to-face mode and music that was relevant to the patients’ culture; however, the interventions were not underpinned by any theories.

Objective
To assess the feasibility and preliminary effects of a theory-driven multicomponent music intervention on preoperative and postoperative patient outcomes in African women with BC undergoing mastectomy.

Methods
This study was a multicenter, single-blind randomized controlled trial with qualitative interview. A total of 36 women scheduled to undergo mastectomy were recruited from Nigeria and Malawi and randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed rank tests, whereas qualitative data were analyzed using the inductive approach.

Results
The multicomponent music intervention was effective in reducing participants’ preoperative anxiety and enhancing satisfaction with care on the day of surgery, reducing postoperative pain at 24 and 48 hours after surgery, and reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 48 hours after surgery. The qualitative data corroborated these findings.

Conclusion
The study’s findings indicated that the theory-driven multicomponent music intervention was feasible, acceptable, and effective in reducing preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain, optimizing vital signs, and enhancing satisfaction with care among African women with BC undergoing mastectomy.

Implication for Practice
The study’s findings indicate that nurses in clinical settings can integrate the intervention into the plan of care of women with BC beginning with their surgery booking visit.