bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective degradation of Rhodamine B using α-MoO3 nanoplates synthesised using thermal decomposition method
Authors: Mohan Lakshmi , Devu B , Menon Radhika R , Surendran Malavika , P Kathirvel , Maruthamani D , P Balraju , kumar S Saravana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
MoO3 nanoplates were effectively synthesized using simple thermal decomposition method and comprehensively characterized for structural, optical, dielectric properties. Structural analysis, primarily through x-ray diffraction (XRD), unequivocally confirmed the orthorhombic phase of the synthesized MoO3 nanoplates, establishing their crystalline structure. The optical properties of MoO3 nanoplates were investigated using UV- Vis diffused reflectance spectra, revealing an optical bandgap of 3.0 eV. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis uncovered sub-band transitions within the nanoplates, shedding light on their luminescent behavior and further emphasizing their optical properties. Raman spectroscopy reaffirmed the orthorhombic structure of the MoO3 nanoplates, providing additional structural confirmation. Morphological and compositional analyses, carried out through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), showcased the formation of self-assembled hexagonal plate-like structures. This unique morphology holds promise for various applications, especially in photocatalysis. Dielectric and alternating current (AC) conductivity studies confirmed the semiconducting nature of MoO3 nanoplates, a crucial characteristic for their utilization in electronic devices and catalytic processes. Based on these results photocatalytic activity of the synthesized MoO3 was tested for the degradation of Rhodamine- B in aqueous solution. The complete degradation of Rhodamine B obtained demonstrates the efficacy of MoO3 as a photocatalyst, demonstrating its efficacy in environmental remediation and water purification.
PANI: Ni(Leu)2 based non-enzymatic electrochemical dopamine sensor
Authors: Yıldız Dilber Esra , Baytemir Gülsen , Taşaltın Nevin , Karakuş Selcan , Gürsu Gamze , Köse Dursun Ali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, metal complexes of Leucine (Leu) and Tryptophan (Trip), namely nickel(Leucine)2 (Ni(Leu)2), zinc(Leucine)2 (Zn(Leu)2), cobalt(Leucine)2 (Co(Leu)2), copper(Leucine)2 (Cu(Leu)2), nickel(Tryptophan)2 (Ni(Trip)2), zinc(Tryptophan)2 (Zn(Trip)2), cobalt(Tryptophan)2 (Co(Trip)2), and copper(Tryptophan)2 (Cu(Trip)2), were synthesized. These complexes were then utilized to fabricate nanocomposites (NCs) based on polyaniline (PANI) through a straightforward sonochemical technique. These NCs were then used to fabricate non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors for detecting dopamine (DOP). The results indicate that the PANI:Ni(Leu)2 NCs based sensor has a high sensitivity of 28.47 μAμM−1 cm−2 and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 9.24 μM. Also, the sensor was tested against fructose, glucose, lactose, and maltose. The sensitivities of the sensor against fructose, glucose, and lactose were calculated as 2.90 μAcm−2 mM−1, 2.14 μAcm−2 mM−1, 2.81 μAcm−2 mM−1, respectively. Due to the use of Ni(Leu)2 composition, the DOP detection sensitivity was higher in PANI:Ni(Leu)2 NCs which can be explained by an enhanced redox mechanism. Furthermore, PANI:Ni(Leu)2 sensor is selectively detect DOP. The PANI:Ni(Leu)2 NCs based sensor is a particularly promising candidate for application in biomedical test kits due to its rapid detection.
AI polarization compensation algorithm using a asymmetry entangled photon source
Authors: Meng Zhe , Yang Jiazhi , Li Jian , Chen Xiaoxiao , Wu Qingyuan , Zhang Anning 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Satellite-based entanglement distribution is essential for global-scale practical quantum network and foundational tests of quantum physics. Owing to relative motion of the satellite and the ground station, however, using high intensity reference laser to compensate polarization rotation is necessary. Here we propose an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to compensate polarization using entangled photon pairs instead of high intensity reference laser. Our AI polarization compensation algorithm opens a new avenue to quantum communications and fundamental quantum optics experiments.
N-soliton solutions of Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV equations with variable coefficients
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhang Ling-Ling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a class of generalized variable coefficient Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV equations, which take into account the inhomogeneity of medium and boundary conditions, and can be used to describe long-wave interactions with different dispersion relationships. The bilinear equations with variable coefficients are obtained by the Hirota bilinear method, 1,2,3, N-soliton solutions are obtained by the perturbation method. In addition, the effects of variable coefficient functions on 1, 2, and 3-soliton solutions are analyzed by numerical simulation, and conclusions are drawn.
A mechanically adjustable acoustic metamaterial for low- frequency sound absorption with load-bearing and fire resistance
Authors: Wang Heng , Hu Longxuan , Mao Qibo , Cheng Yuan , Yan Siteng , Yuan Junfeng 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Broadband sound absorption is limited to discrete noise with abrupt peaks in the spectrum. Here, we proposed a mechanically adjustable acoustical metamaterials (AAMM) for low-frequency sound absorption with deep-subwavelength (0.025λ), which integrates Helmholtz resonators and Fabry–Perot (FP) tubes by precise modular design. The calculation results based on the theoretical model demonstrate that the broad low frequency (from 100 Hz to 500 Hz) tunability of the composite adjustable sound absorbing materials. The adjustable design scheme is further verified by numerical simulation. Then a multi-impedance adjustment method is proposed to improve the local optimal defect and make it have quasi-perfect sound absorption effect in the range of 120 Hz–348 Hz. The sound absorbing material sample can withstand 2.7 tons of dynamic load and 1300° high temperature, presenting superior compression and fire resistance compared to conventional porous sound absorbing materials and membrane acoustic metamaterials. This research on assembled machine-adjustable sound absorption material enriches the conventional acoustic metamaterial design scheme, further improves the space utilization rate, and provides an effective solution for dealing with low-frequency complex variable noise.
Semi-classical rotating black hole in loop quantum gravity
Authors: Xu Zhaoyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the research paper [1], the analytical solution of semi-classical rotating black holes (BH) in loop quantum gravity theory (LQG) is obtained, but an unknown function H is still preserved. In this note, we obtain an expression for the unknown function H, which makes the space-time line element of the semi-classical rotating BH in the LQG theory sufficiently well-expressed and thus provides a basis for the study of such rotating BHs.
The Adaptive Optics System for the Gemini Infrared Multi-Object Spectrograph: Performance Modeling
Authors: Conod Uriel , Jackson Kate , Turri Paolo , Chapman Scott , Lardière Olivier , Lamb Masen , Correia Carlos , Sivo Gaetano , Sivanandam Suresh , Véran Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Gemini Infrared Multi-Object Spectrograph (GIRMOS) will be a near-infrared, multi-object, medium spectral resolution, integral field spectrograph (IFS) for Gemini North Telescope, designed to operate behind the future Gemini North Adaptive Optics system (GNAO). In addition to a first ground layer Adaptive Optics (AO) correction in closed loop carried out by GNAO, each of the four GIRMOS IFSs will independently perform additional multi-object AO correction in open loop, resulting in an improved image quality that is critical to achieve top level science requirements. We present the baseline parameters and simulated performance of GIRMOS obtained by modeling both the GNAO and GIRMOS AO systems. The image quality requirement for GIRMOS is that 57% of the energy of an unresolved point-spread function ensquared within a 0.1 × 0.1 arcsecond at 2.0 μ m. It was established that GIRMOS will be an order 16 × 16 adaptive optics (AO) system after examining the tradeoffs between performance, risks and costs. The ensquared energy requirement will be met in median atmospheric conditions at Maunakea at 30° from zenith.
Geometric dependencies of the mean E × B shearing rate in negative triangularity tokamaks
Authors: Singh Rameswar , Diamond P.H. , Nelson A.O. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative study of the poloidal distribution of the mean E × B shearing rate for positive triangularity (PT) and negative triangularity (NT) tokamaks. The effects of flux surface up–down asymmetry due to asymmetric upper and lower triangularities are also considered. Both direct eddy straining and the effects on Shafranov shift feedback loops are examined. Shafranov shift increases the shearing rate at all poloidal angles for all triangularities, due to flux surface compression. The maximum shearing rate bifurcates at a critical triangularity

δ

crit

(
≲
0
)

. Thus, the shearing rate is maximal off the outboard midplane for NT, while it is maximal on the outboard midplane for PT. For up–down asymmetric triangularity, the usual up–down symmetry of the shearing rate is broken. The shearing rate at the outboard midplane is lower for NT than for PT, suggesting that the shearing efficiency in NT is reduced. Implications for turbulence stabilisation and confinement improvement in high-

β

p

NT and internal transport barrier discharges are discussed.
The co-located arrangement of ECEI and MIR microwave imaging diagnostics on EAST tokamak
Authors: Qu C.M. , Xie J.L. , Zhu Y.L. , Xu X.H. , Zhang L.F. , Li Z.H. , Zhuang G. , Liu W.D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The co-located configuration of Passive Electron Cyclotron Emission Imaging (ECEI) and active Microwave Imaging Reflectometry (MIR) diagnostics systems has been successfully implemented on the EAST fusion reactor. These advanced 2D microwave diagnostic tools offer 10–20 mm poloidal spatial resolution through large aperture quasi optics. This arrangement not only optimizes the utilization of limited observation windows but also facilitates concurrent measurements of plasma density and electron temperature at specific toroidal positions. This co-located setup holds great promise for enhancing research into electron heat transport and other pivotal plasma phenomena.
Investigating permafrost carbon dynamics in Alaska with artificial intelligence
Authors: Gay B A , Pastick N J , Züfle A E , Armstrong A H , Miner K R , Qu J J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Positive feedbacks between permafrost degradation and the release of soil carbon into the atmosphere impact land–atmosphere interactions, disrupt the global carbon cycle, and accelerate climate change. The widespread distribution of thawing permafrost is causing a cascade of geophysical and biochemical disturbances with global impacts. Currently, few earth system models account for permafrost carbon feedback (PCF) mechanisms. This research study integrates artificial intelligence (AI) tools and information derived from field-scale surveys across the tundra and boreal landscapes in Alaska. We identify and interpret the permafrost carbon cycling links and feedback sensitivities with GeoCryoAI, a hybridized multimodal deep learning (DL) architecture of stacked convolutionally layered, memory-encoded recurrent neural networks (NN). This framework integrates in-situ measurements and flux tower observations for teacher forcing and model training. Preliminary experiments to quantify, validate, and forecast permafrost degradation and carbon efflux across Alaska demonstrate the fidelity of this data-driven architecture. More specifically, GeoCryoAI logs the ecological memory and effectively learns covariate dynamics while demonstrating an aptitude to simulate and forecast PCF dynamics—active layer thickness (ALT), carbon dioxide flux (CO2), and methane flux (CH4)—with high precision and minimal loss (i.e. ALTRMSE: 1.327 cm [1969–2022]; CO2
RMSE: 0.697 µmolCO2m−2s−1 [2003–2021]; CH4
RMSE: 0.715 nmolCH4m−2s−1 [2011–2022]). ALT variability is a sensitive harbinger of change, a unique signal characterizing the PCF, and our model is the first characterization of these dynamics across space and time.
A balancing act: the interplay of food supply chain resilience and environmental sustainability in American cities
Authors: Gomez Michael , Grady Caitlin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Global food systems must be a part of strategies for greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, optimal water use, and nitrogen pollution reduction. Insights from research in these areas can inform policies to build sustainable food systems yet limited work has been done to build understanding around whether or not sustainability efforts compete with supply chain resilience. This study explores the interplay between food supply resilience and environmental impacts in US cities, within the context of global food systems’ contributions to GHG emissions, water use, and nitrogen pollution. Utilizing county-level agricultural data, we assess the water use, GHG emissions, and nitrogen losses of urban food systems across the US, and juxtapose these against food supply resilience, represented by supply chain diversity. Our results highlight that supply chain resilience and sustainability can simultaneously exist and are not necessarily in competition with each other. We also found a significant per capita footprint in the environmental domains across Southern cities, specifically those along the Gulf Coast and southern Great Plains. Food supply chain resilience scores ranged from 0.18 to 0.69, with lower scores in the southwest and Great Plains, while northeastern and Midwestern regions demonstrated higher resilience. We found several cities with high supply chain resilience and moderate or low environmental impacts as well as areas with high impacts and low resilience. This study provides insights into potential trade-offs and opportunities for creating sustainable urban food systems in the US, underscoring the need for strategies that consider both resilience and environmental implications.
Arctic marginal ice zone interannual variability and change point detection using two definitions (1983–2022)
Authors: Soleymani Armina , Scott K Andrea 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The ongoing decline in Arctic sea ice extent and thickness underscores the scientific significance of monitoring the marginal ice zone (MIZ), a transitional region between the open ocean and pack ice. In this study, we used Bootstrap sea ice concentration (SIC) to detect the trend and change point of the Arctic MIZ over 40 years (1983–2022) using two different MIZ definitions: SIC threshold-based (MIZ
t
) and SIC anomaly-based (MIZ

σ

). This study marks the exploration of a SIC anomaly-based definition of the MIZ over the Arctic. While the two MIZ definitions yield comparable seasonal trends in marginal ice zone fraction (MIZF), the MIZ

σ

fraction values peak during the transition periods (e.g. freeze-up and break-up), while the MIZ
t
fraction values peak in August. The analysis also uncovers consistently higher MIZF values for the MIZ

σ

than for MIZ
t
across all seasons. Moreover, October and August show the fastest rate of increase in MIZ
t
fraction and MIZ

σ

fraction, reflecting the coinciding rapid decrease in sea ice extent during those particular months. Employing the pruned exact linear time, a multiple change point detection method, highlights a significant increase in the MIZ

t

fraction in October (after 2005) and MIZ

σ

fraction in August (after 2007). This can be indicative of the recent climate change impacts in the Arctic region that may be linked with shifts in SIC and sea ice mobility for MIZ
t
and MIZ

σ

, respectively.
Confession and greenwashing: the impact of water information disclosure on firm value
Authors: Huang Rui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Water pollution has become a serious problem in recent years, and firms are one of the main culprits for this environmental issue. Encouraging companies to improve water management behavior is necessary to protect water resources. Based on panel data of Chinese A-share listed companies in water-sensitive industries, this study used text analysis techniques to study the impact of corporate water information disclosure on pollutant emissions, strategy on firm value, and the U-shaped moderating role of local governments’ environmental regulation. The results show that (1) an increase in the amount of emission information texts to confess the water status can help enhance firm value. (2) The increase in the amount of strategic information texts, both the tone of emission, and strategic information texts have negative impacts on firm value, which help enterprises greenwash. Further analyses find a U-shaped moderating effect of governments’ environmental regulation on the relationships between emission information disclosure, strategic information disclosure and firm value, and varies under the different ISO14001 certification situations and life cycles. This research explains the effectiveness of corporate water information disclosure and the influence of governments’ environmental regulation, which plays a vital role in promoting firms to improve their environmental behaviors, reduce water pollution, and further achieve green development.
Exclosure effects on soil physicochemical properties and woody species diversity in the south Rift valley basin of Ethiopia
Authors: Mathewos Markos , Mamo Zelalem 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Establishing exclosures has become common rehabilitation and restoration of degraded lands in Ethiopia. This study examined the effects of exclosure on identified soil physical and chemical properties, and woody diversity at the Wamole sub-watershed. Representative soil samples were taken from the open grazing land and eight-year-old exclosure. Six transects and 18 plots, with an area of 20 m × 20 m and containing nine from each open grazing ground and nine from the exclosure, were constructed alongside to sample the vegetation. From every plot, by ‘X’ design, composite soil samples were collected for investigation of total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil pH and soil organic carbon content (SOC), and the bulk density (BD) of the soil, 18 undisturbed soil samples were taken from 0 to 20 cm deep. 34 and 28 woody species belonging to 25 and 20 families were registered between exclosure and adjacent open grazing land respectively. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher Index Shannon-Wiener (3.36) in the exclosure indicated better species diversity in the exclosure than in the open grazing land (3.13). Soil properties such as available phosphorus, pH, OC, TN, and CEC showed significant differences (p < 0.05) across different land uses. Exclosures facilitated to reclaim of degraded lands by re-establishing vegetation and improving soil nutrient status in a comparatively short period. It suggests that further research on socio-economic aspects of exclosures has to bring livelihood improvement in the locality to establish additional degraded open grazing lands in the research sub-watershed.
Social inheritance of avoidances shapes the structure of animal social networks
Authors: Frère Celine H , Class Barbara , Potvin Dominique A , Ilany Amiyaal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Social structure can have significant effects on selection, affecting both individual fitness traits and population-level processes. As such, research into its dynamics and evolution has spiked in the last decade, where theoretical and computational advances in social network analysis have increased our understanding of its ecological and inheritance underpinnings. Yet, the processes that shape the formation of structure within social networks are poorly understood and the role of social avoidances unknown. Social avoidances are an alternate of social affiliation in animal societies, which, although invisible, likely play a role in shaping animal social networks. Assuming social avoidances evolve under similar constraints as affiliative behavior, we extended a previous model of social inheritance of affiliations to investigate the impact of social inheritance of avoidances on social network structure. We modeled avoidances as relationships that individuals can copy from their mothers or from their mother’s social environment and varied the degrees to which individuals inherit social affiliates and avoidances to test their combined influence on social network structure. We found that inheriting avoidances via maternal social environments made social networks less dense and more modular, thereby demonstrating how social avoidance can shape the evolution of animal social networks.
Clustering of multi-tissue transcriptomes in gilts with normal cyclicity or delayed puberty reveals genes related to pubertal development
Authors: Wijesena Hiruni R , Keel Brittney N , Nonneman Dan J , Cushman Robert A , Lents Clay A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In gilts, puberty is marked by standing estrus in the presence of a boar. Delayed puberty (DP; failure to display pubertal estrus) is a major reason for gilt removal. To investigate the physiological determinants underlying DP in gilts, transcriptomic data from tissues relevant to estrus and puberty, such as mediobasal hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, ovarian cortex, olfactory bulb, amygdala, and hippocampus, were obtained from age-matched DP (n = 8) and cyclic control gilts at follicular phase (n = 8) and luteal phase (n = 8) of the estrous cycle. A gene expression module analysis via three-way gene × individual × tissue clustering using tensor decomposition identified pituitary and ovary gene modules contributing to regulation of pubertal development. Analysis of gene expression in the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovary axis identified reduced expression of hypothalamic genes critical for stimulating gonadotropin secretion (KISS1 and TAC3) and reduced expression of LHB in the anterior pituitary of DP gilts compared with their cyclic counterparts. Consequently, luteinizing hormone-induced genes in the ovary important for folliculogenesis (OXTR, RUNX2, and PTX3) were less expressed in DP gilts. Other intrafollicular genes (AHR, PTGS2, PTGFR, and IGFBP7) and genes in the steroidogenesis pathways (STAR and CYP11A1) necessary to complete the ovulatory cascade were also less expressed in DP gilts. This is the first clustering of multi-tissue expression data from DP and cyclic gilts to identify genes differentially expressed in gilts of similar ages but at different levels of sexual development. A critical lack of gonadotropin support and reduced ovarian responsiveness underlie DP in gilts.