bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connect Corner: Adventures in Fortnite
Authors: Wadell Paula , McBride Anne B. , Youngdale Erik , Prasad Shreesh 
Published: February 2024

As COVID-19 spread rapidly this spring, families throughout the country faced school closures. Suddenly, children have quite a bit of free time. Many children told me they were filling that time with video games, and I even saw this unfolding in my own home, where my husband suggested it was time to invest in more video games to entertain our children. Much to his dismay, I disagreed. I do not enjoy video games and have always felt hesitant to let our children play them. It was easy for me to enumerate the reasons why I was hesitant, but he challenged me to identify potential positives. I realized I knew very little about video games and it was time to remedy that knowledge gap. I decided that the online game Fortnite deserved some attention. To help me along the way I recruited 3 child psychiatrists (2 from Generation X and one baby boomer) and an incoming child and adolescent psychiatry fellow (representing Millennials) to play. Below is the journey that followed.
The Boy Who Lived: Harry Potter, Suicide, and an Opportunity for Mental Health Literacy
Authors: Sinyor Mark 
Published: February 2024

It has been 20 years since the first of the Harry Potter books was published. In the interim, they have been translated into 73 languages and sold more than 450 million copies. It seems everyone knows Harry, even within the notoriously restrictive Guantanamo Bay prison.2 When I first read the books, I thought I knew Harry too, but I was missing something important that has significance for our field.
Flavors From the Stewpot: Scholarship, Research, and Career Development in Hawaii
Authors: Goebert Deborah , Guerrero Anthony P.S. , Hishinuma Earl S. 
Published: February 2024

I ulu no ka lala I ke kumu (The reach of a tree’s branches depends on its trunk)1: this ’ōlelo no‘eau, or proverb, may also metaphorically reference the role of predecessors in our strength and direction. Connections to our predecessors and place continue to be of cultural significance in Hawaii. They remind us that we have a role and responsibility to those who came before us, to our community, and to future generations. These bonds of interconnectedness define the relations important for wellbeing and growth. We need to recognize the holistic aspects of this knowledge, promote pursuit of knowledge, understand diversities of our connections, and apply these elements in practical ways. This framework enables us to provide service and support to the communities in Hawaii, as well as extend this knowledge outward from academia and in conjunction with the community, into the Pacific, throughout the world, and among underserved populations. It takes a visionary with a nurturing heart and a brilliant mind to initiate the scholarship, research, and career development programs that are optimally positioned to address these important challenges facing psychiatry. It is within this context that we celebrate the many contributions of Dr. John (“Jack”) F. McDermott, Jr., to our department and our field.
Sleep duration has a limited impact on the prevalence of menstrual irregularities in athletes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Miyamoto Mana , Shibuya Kenichi 
Published: February 2024

Background
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of menstrual irregularities, energy intake, and sleep deprivation among female athletes.

Methods
A total of 128 female athletes, with an average age of 19.2 ± 1.2 years, participated in the study and tracked their food intake over a three-day period. Menstrual status and sleep duration were assessed using a questionnaire, and psychological anxiety was evaluated using the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). These were measured once during the investigation. The impact of sleep status on state anxiety and daily energy intake was examined using the T-test. A generalized linear model (GLM) with a log link function was employed to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on the presence of menstrual irregularities.

Results
As the results of the present study, sleep deprivation significant increased both state and trait anxiety (p < 0.05), as well as affecting energy intake (p < 0.05), particularly protein and carbohydrate intakes (p < 0.05). However, GLM analysis indicated that while sleep deprivation did not directly influence the prevalence of menstrual irregularities (p > 0.05), state anxiety emerged as a significant factor impacting the prevalence of menstrual irregularities (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The results of the present study suggest a potential pathway wherein sleep deprivation might elevate state anxiety levels, consequently indirectly contributing to an increase the probability of menstrual irregularities. In conclusion, the results of the presents study provide novels insights suggesting that sleep deprivation might directly increase state anxiety and indirectly affect the prevalence of menstrual irregularities. Hence, decreased sleep duration might be related to mental health issues and the prevalence of menstrual irregularities both significant concerns among female athletes. Future studies will play a crucial role in further elucidating how sleep patterns impact the health and well-being of female athletes.
Chiropractic students’ perception of remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kuyinu Eniabitobi , Sullivan Stephanie G. B. , Hayes Kate P. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate chiropractic students’ preferences and perceptions of remote learning with a secondary aim of comparing individuals with and without learning challenges.MethodsFollowing the mandatory period of remote education, a 33-question, mixed-methods, anonymous online survey was distributed from March to September 2021 to a single-campus chiropractic student body with an estimated sample study population of N = 1375. Demographic variables, self-reported learning challenges, technology skills, and perceptions of remote and on-ground learning delivery modalities were gathered. Percentages, measures of central tendency, and chi-square tests were performed on the data.ResultsThere were 117 participants (8.5%), of whom 63.2% were female (n = 74) and 87.2% (n = 102) were aged 18–34 years. Self-identified learning challenges were present in 33.3% (n = 39) of participants, of whom 28 stated they had attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or attention-deficit disorder. More than 85.5% (n = 100) of participants agreed they were proficient with the necessary technology. For basic science classes with a lecture and lab component, 61.5% (n = 72) preferred on-ground labs and remote lectures. Participants agreed that remote lectures and on-ground labs were a good use of time (75.2% [n = 88] and 79.5% [n = 93], respectively). There was a significant χ2 between individuals with and without learning challenges for the perception of “stimulating and interesting” (p = .044) and “attention” (p = .001) for on-ground lectures.ConclusionChiropractic students preferred remote and on-ground education differentially for labs and lectures. On-ground labs provided greater perceived educational benefits; perceived benefits of remote lecture courses were only modestly supported. Students with self-identified learning challenges presented with some differences related to perception of on-ground lectures.
Effects of Phosphorus Fertilization on Growth, Yield and Economic Efficiency of Cotton (Gossypium hirustum L.) under Northeast climate of Afghanistan
Authors: Khaleeq Khalilullah , Qarluq Abdul Ghani 
Published: February 2024

A Cotton experiment was laid out at the agronomic research farm of agriculture faculty of Kunduz University in spring season of 2023 to investigate effects of phosphorus fertilization of growth and yield parameters of cotton crop (Gossypium hirustum L.) under Northeast climate of Afghanistan. The experiment conducted in Randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The treatment consists: control without phosphorus fertilizer application, application of 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5/ha. Result showed that the highest plant height (98.44 cm), Leave area index (2.78), Sympodial Branches/plant (12.88), Bolls/plant (27.66), cotton lint yield (1750 kg/ha), cotton seed yield (3979 kg/ha), cotton lint yield (182742 AFN/ha), cotton seed yield (77964 AFN/ha), gross return (260707 AFN/ha), net return (209867 AFN/ha) and benefit Cost of ratio (6) were recorded from treatment with 90 kg p2o5/ha following with application 60, 30 and Control treatments respectively. It can be possible to conclude that proper phosphorus fertilization is crucial for optimizing cotton production in this region. The study highlights the potential for improved cotton cultivation practices and increased economic returns for farmers in the Kunduz province of Afghanistan through the implementation of optimal P fertilizer application rates.
Cover Picture: Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Mimic Catalytic Activity of a Polysiloxane‐Synthesizing Enzyme (Adv. Mater. 10/2005)
Authors: Kisailus D. , Najarian M. , Weaver J. C. , Morse D. E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA system that acts as a biomimetic of the silica‐synthesizing enzyme found in a marine sponge is reported by Morse and co‐workers on p. 1234. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are functionalized with the same organic moieties that are found in the enzyme's catalytic site. Interaction between the nucleophilic (OH‐terminated) and hydrogen‐bonding (imidazole‐terminated) GNPs, as shown on the cover, is required for the hydrolysis of a silicon alkoxide precursor and subsequent polycondensation to form silica at a low temperature and near‐neutral pH. Replacement of either of the required functional groups by a non‐reactive methyl group abolishes catalysis in this synthetic system, as it does in the biological enzyme. Cover art provided by Peter Allen.
Die industrielle Anwendung der Nanofiltration – Potenziale, Erfahrungen und Grenzen
Authors: Samhaber W. M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDie Nanofiltration ist im Übergangsbereich zwischen Umkehrosmose und Ultrafiltration zu sehen. Eine ihrer wesentlichen Aufgaben ist die Trennung organischer gelöster Stoffe von anorganischen gelösten Begleitstoffen – oder auch umgekehrt.
Charakterisierung von Membranen
Authors: Scharnagl N. , Schossig M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractGenerell sind bei der Anwendung von Membranen zwei Aspekte von besonderer Bedeutung. Zum einen werden Transporteigenschaften und Trennleistung für Einsatz und Anlagenauslegung benötigt. Zum anderen sind die Parameter wichtig, die die Transporteigenschaften und andere Grundlagen zum Transportverhalten bei der Trennung mittels Membranen beschreiben. Um Trennprozesse und deren Effizienz genauer zu definieren, sind weitere Parameter wichtig, z. B. die Rückhaltung gegenüber bestimmten Stoffen bzw. bei Gasen die Selektivität. Dieser Beitrag geht auf verschiedene Methoden zur Bestimmung von Membraneigenschaften mit dem Schwerpunkt auf porösen Systemen ein. Dabei werden Bild gebende Verfahren der Mikroskopie ebenso vorgestellt wie Methoden, die die Wechselwirkung eines Mediums mit der Membran betrachten und bewerten.
Atomic scale spin‐dependent STM on magnetite using antiferromagnetic STM tips
Authors: Murphy S. , Ceballos S.F. , Mariotto G. , Berdunov N. , Jordan K. , Shvets I.V. , Mukovskii Y.M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSTM tips made from antiferromagnetic MnNi have been used to investigate the atomic structure of the (001) and (111) surfaces of Fe3O4. The clean (001) surface displays a (√2 × √2)R45° superlattice, which is attributed to charge‐ordering on the surface, where Fe2+‐Fe2+ and Fe3+‐Fe3+ dimers can be discriminated. The oxygen‐terminated (111) surface is characterized by a hexagonal superlattice with a periodicity of 42 Å. Oxygen vacancies are observed in atomically resolved images of this superlattice. In the presence of an external magnetic field of 60 mT, a significant change in the atomic corrugation in the topmost oxygen layer around each of these defects is observed. The results on both (001) and (111) surfaces are discussed in terms of possible spin‐polarized effects. Microsc. Res. Tech. 66:85–92, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Topological frustrations in Mn films on Fe(001)
Authors: Wulfhekel Wulf , Schlickum Uta , Kirschner Jürgen 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe high lateral resolution of spin‐polarized scanning tunneling microscopy allows new insights into the spin structure of antiferromagnets on the nanometer range. We demonstrate the capability to image a well‐defined in‐plane component of the sample spin polarization and discuss the spin structure of antiferromagnetic bct Mn in contact with the ferromagnetic Fe(001) substrate. Mn atoms couple ferromagnetically within a Mn atomic plane, while normal to the surface a layer‐wise antiferromagnetic order was found. Magnetic frustrations arise in this system at Fe substrate steps at the interface, where topologically induced 180° domain walls are created in the Mn film. A clear widening of the enforced domain walls with increasing Mn thickness was found. The measured widths could be fitted with a linear function and are explained on the basis of a Heisenberg model. Microsc. Res. Tech. 66: 105–116, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hyperinsulinism in tyrosinaemia type I
Authors: Baumann U. , Preece M. A. , Green A. , Kelly D. A. , McKiernan P. J. 
Published: May 2005

SummaryTyrosinaemia type I (TT I) (McKusick 276700) is a heterogeneous disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes. Although histological abnormalities of the pancreas are well recognized, there are only incidental reports of pancreatic dysfunction manifested as insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus. We report three subjects with TT I and acute liver dysfunction who had hyperinsulinism in early infancy. Hypoglycaemia persisted despite dietary treatment and one patient had inadequate lipolysis at the time of hypoglycaemia. All three patients were successfully treated with diazoxide (10 mg/kg per day) and chlorthiazide (35 mg/kg per day) and treatment was gradually withdrawn after 9, 13 and 34 months, respectively. The mechanism of pancreatic dysfunction in TT I is unknown but may be related to the toxic metabolites that accumulate in this condition. We conclude that hyperinsulinism is not a rare complication in TT I. In patients with persistent hypoglycaemia, C‐peptide should always be measured. Treatment with diazoxide and chlorthiazide is highly effective, appears to be safe, and does not need to be continued lifelong.
‘HIS SPIRIT IS IN ACTION SEEN’: MILTON, MRS CLIVE AND THE SIMULACRA OF THE PASTORAL IN COMUS
Authors: JONCUS BERTA 
Published: May 2005

This article explores the relationship between Drury Lane’s most popular eighteenth-century masque, Comus (1738), and the contemporary fashions in politics, literature and recreation that informed it. On one level, the masque was a revival honouring Milton, the author of its libretto, in a manner consistent with his eighteenth-century reception: as a genius whose merit was just being recognized, and as a patriot hero whose incorruptibility mirrored the aspirations of those pledging allegiance to ‘British’ values.On another level, however, the pastoral entertainment seems to have been mainly concerned with popular notions of female propriety and the challenges posed to those notions by the production’s star soprano, Kitty Clive. Titillation was assured by interpolated musical scenes which had little to do with the libretto but much to do with composer Thomas Arne’s mastery of the discursive techniques of ballad farce. The personality cult around Clive, the ‘Goddess of Mirth’, imposed upon the masque her most celebrated musical characterizations (both in the type of song and in the specific lyrics sung) to grant full voice to her flaunting of social codes.The overwhelming success of Comus caused the masque to be reinvented as a public diversion at Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens by its owner, John Tyers. A Milton statue was erected in the gardens to preside over ‘musical downs’, where instrumentalists played hidden behind bushes to the north of ‘The Temple of Comus’. Recontextualizing Comus at Vauxhall, Tyers created a site (nicknamed the ‘Rendezvous of Cupid’) in which lovers could further explore the transgressions of Mrs Clive’s musical scenes within a simulated pastoral myth.
Monoclonal antibodies reveal the potential of the tetragnathid spider Pachygnatha degeeri (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) as an aphid predator
Authors: Harwood J.D. , Sunderland K.D. , Symondson W.O.C. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe drive towards a more sustainable and integrated approach to pest management has engendered a renewed interest in conservation biological control, the role of natural enemy communities and their interactions with prey. Monoclonal antibodies have provided significant advances in enhancing our knowledge of trophic interactions and can be employed to help quantify predation on target species. The tetragnathid spider Pachygnatha degeeri Sundevall was collected from fields of winter wheat in the UK and assayed by ELISA for aphid proteins. It was demonstrated that this spider did not simply consume greater quantities of aphids because it was bigger. In addition, P. degeeri contained significantly greater concentrations of aphid in their guts than other spiders, showing that aphids comprised a greater proportion of their diet. Although P. degeeri constituted only 6% of the spider population numerically, females and males respectively contained 16% and 37% of total aphid proteins within all spiders screened, significantly more than their density would predict. These spiders also preyed upon aphids at a disproportionately high rate in June, during the aphid establishment phase, theoretically the best time for limiting growth in the aphid population. Although less abundant than other generalist predators, the capability of these hunting spiders to consume large numbers of aphids highlights them as a more significant component of the predator complex than had previously been realized. Limitation of aphid numbers early in the year by generalist predators provides more time for the specialist aphid predators and parasitoids to move in.
Intake and sources of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in 4-year-old British children: comparison between 1950 and the 1990s
Authors: Prynne CJ , Thane CW , Prentice A , Wadsworth MEJ 
Published: May 2005

AbstractObjectiveTo compare dietary intake and sources of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in 4-year-old British children between 1950 and the 1990s, and report their variation by sociodemographic factors.DesignNationally representative samples of 4-year-olds from the longitudinal Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) (1950) and the cross-sectional National Diet and Nutrition Surveys (NDNS, 1992/93 and 1997).SettingGreat Britain.SubjectsSubjects were 4599 children born on 3–9 March 1946 (NSHD) and 307 children in the 1990s (NDNS).ResultsGeometric mean dietary phylloquinone intake was significantly higher in 1950 (39 μg day−1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 37, 40) compared with the 1990s (24 μg day−1, 95% CI 22, 25) (P< 0.001). This difference remained when intake was expressed per MJ energy intake and per kilogram body weight, and after accounting for sex, region and occupational social class of the family. In 1950, phylloquinone intake in Scotland was significantly lower than in the rest of Britain. By the 1990s these regional differences had disappeared. Food sources of phylloquinone intake changed significantly between 1950 and the 1990s, with fats and oils contributing more and vegetables less, although vegetables contributed most (60% and 48%, respectively) to phylloquinone intake in both surveys.ConclusionsPhylloquinone intakes of children have decreased significantly since 1950. With the suggested need for adequate phylloquinone intake for optimal development and maintenance of bone and the cardiovascular system, the substantially lower phylloquinone intakes reported in children of the 1990s, compared with 1950, may have implications for the health of these two systems in later adulthood.
Constructing Colonial Dharma in Calcutta
Authors: Pennington Brian K. 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
This chapter examines a one year run of the Bengali paper Samācār Candrikā to sketch the contours of an elite Bengali Hindu response to missionaries and Orientalists. Among the very earliest Hindu newspapers to survive today, the Samācār Candrikā was published in Calcutta by Bhabānīcaran Bandyopādhyāya and associated with the orthodox Hindu organization the Dharma Sabhā. First formed to protest elements of colonialism, especially the government’s proposed ban on satī, the Dharma Sabhā produced a biweekly, vernacular newspaper in an effort to galvanize broad Hindu support among disparate castes and classes. In so doing, it proffered a version of a homogenous Hinduism with a centralized authority similar to that emerging among reforming organizations such as the Rammohan Roy’s Brahmo Samaj, but with an explicitly traditionalist, Brahmanical agenda. Exchanges with Christian missionaries conducted in the paper also make it an early surviving form of Hindu-Christian dialogue.
Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of the Selenocysteine Se-Methyltransferase Gene and Se-Methylselenocysteine Synthesis in Broccoli
Authors: Lyi Sangbom M. , Heller Laurence I. , Rutzke Michael , Welch Ross M. , Kochian Leon V. , Li Li 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
Selenium (Se) plays an indispensable role in human nutrition and has been implicated to have important health benefits, including being a cancer preventative agent. While different forms of Se vary in their anticarcinogenic efficacy, Se-methylselenocysteine (SeMSC) has been demonstrated to be one of the most effective chemopreventative compounds. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is known for its ability to accumulate high levels of Se with the majority of the selenoamino acids in the form of Se-methylselenocysteine. Therefore, it serves as a good model to study the regulation of SeMSC accumulation in plants. A cDNA encoding selenocysteine Se-methyltransferase, the key enzyme responsible for SeMSC formation, was cloned from broccoli using a homocysteine S-methyltransferase gene probe from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). This clone, designated as BoSMT, was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli, and its identity was confirmed by its substrate specificity in the methylation of selenocysteine. The BoSMT gene represents a single copy sequence in the broccoli genome. Examination of BoSMT gene expression and SeMSC accumulation in response to selenate, selenite, and sulfate treatments showed that the BoSMT transcript and SeMSC synthesis were significantly up-regulated in plants exposed to selenate but were low in plants supplied with selenite. Simultaneous treatment of selenate with selenite significantly reduced SeMSC production. In addition, high levels of sulfate suppressed selenate uptake, resulting in a dramatic reduction of BoSMT mRNA level and SeMSC accumulation. Our results reveal that SeMSC accumulation closely correlated with the BoSMT gene expression and the total Se status in tissues and provide important information for maximizing the SeMSC production in this beneficial vegetable plant.