bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of early‐phase insulin secretion is an independent factor for achieving glycaemic control: A pooled analysis of SEED and DAWN study
Authors: Feng Lingge , Chen Chunxiang , Guo Quanle , Chen Li , Yang Wenying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the effect of improving early phase insulin secretion function for glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with a new class of antidiabetic drug dorzagliatin.Materials and MethodsEarly insulin secretion function was studied in 726 participants of which 414 were treated with dorzagliatin in the SEED and DAWN study. The early insulinogenic index (IGI30min) and disposition index (DI) were used to assess early‐phase insulin secretion function in this study. Logistic regression analysis was performed to verify the importance of IGI30min and DI indices for achieving effective glycaemic control.ResultsThe reduction in HbA1c has a significant correlation with the improvement of IGI30min for patients that received 24 weeks of dorzagliatin treatment (p < .001), and this correlation was not observed in the placebo group (p = .364). In the dorzagliatin treatment group, the responders showed significant improvements in homeostasis model assessment 2‐β, IGI30min and DI compared with the non‐responders. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio (OR) for achieving glycaemic control was 1.28 (95% CI 1.14‐1.43) for baseline IGI30min, and 1.24 (95% CI 1.14‐1.35) for the 24‐week incremental IGI30min from baseline. The OR for baseline DI and 24‐week changes in DI from baseline were 1.39 (95% CI 1.2‐1.6) and 1.30 (95% CI 1.19‐1.43) respectively. The timing of insulin secretion analysis showed the significant contribution of early‐phase insulin secretion, rather than late‐phase insulin secretion, to postprandial glucose control with the OR for the incremental IGI30min and IGI2h to postprandial glucose control were 1.3 (95% CI 1.19‐1.42) and 1 (95% CI 1‐1.01) respectively.ConclusionsRestoring the impaired early‐phase insulin secretion function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is a critical factor for improving the glycaemic control by dorzagliatin treatment.
The increasing penalty to occupation‐education mismatch
Authors: Cassidy Hugh , Gaulke Amanda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCollege‐educated workers in jobs unrelated to their degree generally receive lower wages compared to well‐matched workers. Our analysis of data from the National Survey of College Graduates shows that although the rate of this mismatch declined only slightly (18%–17%), the wage penalty increased by 56% between 1993 and 2019. Changes in the composition of field of study over time, as well as declining returns to “excess” education above what is required for the occupation both help to explain the increasing penalty, especially for women. Mismatch has become more closely associated with lower‐return occupations for men but not women.
Taking fundamental rights seriously in the Digital Services Act's platform liability regime
Authors: Frosio Giancarlo , Geiger Christophe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article highlights how the EU fundamental rights framework should inform the liability regime of platforms foreseen in secondary EU law, in particular with regard to the reform of the E‐commerce directive by the Digital Services Act. In order to identify all possible tensions between the liability regime of platforms on the one hand, and fundamental rights on the other hand, and in order to contribute to a well‐balanced and proportionate European legal instrument, this article addresses these potential conflicts from the standpoint of users (those who share content and those who access it), platforms, regulators and other stakeholders involved. Section 2 delves into the intricate landscape of online intermediary liability, interrogating how the E‐Commerce Directive and the emerging Digital Services Act grapple with the delicate equilibrium between shielding intermediaries and upholding the competing rights of other stakeholders. The article then navigates in Section 3 the fraught terrain of fundamental rights as articulated by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) under the aegis of the European Convention on Human Rights and the EU Charter. This section poses an urgent inquiry: can the DSA's foundational principles reconcile these legal frameworks in a manner that fuels democracy rather than stifles it through inadvertent censorship? Section 4 then delves into the intricate relationship between fundamental rights and the DSA reform. This section conducts a comprehensive analysis of the key provisions of the DSA, emphasising how they underscore the importance of fundamental rights. In addition to mapping out the strengths of the framework the section also identifies existing limitations within the DSA and suggests potential pathways for further refinement and improvement. This article concludes by outlining key avenues for achieving a balanced and fundamental rights‐compliant regulatory framework for platform liability within the EU.
Clinical perspective: The perils, pitfalls and pride of developing an equine in vitro fertilisation (IVF) laboratory in private practice
Authors: Scoggin Charles F. , Bradecamp Etta A. , Sheerin Peter , Schnobrich Maria R. , Walbornn Stephanie R. , Lohbeck Erin , Barhorst Alaina , Howard Crystal 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe use of intracytoplasmic spermatozoa injection (ICSI) to produce equine embryos has significantly increased over the past decade, leading to the creation of laboratories specific for ICSI and related in vitro fertilisation (IVF) techniques. However, the commitment, resources and skills necessary for developing a viable IVF laboratory can be underestimated or underappreciated. The purpose of this article is to share the difficulties our clinic encountered when developing an IVF laboratory.
Formation of mineral‐associated organic matter in temperate soils is primarily controlled by mineral type and modified by land use and management intensity
Authors: Bramble De Shorn E. , Ulrich Susanne , Schöning Ingo , Mikutta Robert , Brandt Luise , Poll Christian , Kandeler Ellen , Mikutta Christian , Konrad Alexander , Siemens Jan , Yang Yang , Polle Andrea , Schall Peter , Ammer Christian , Kaiser Klaus , Schrumpf Marion 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFormation of mineral‐associated organic matter (MAOM) supports the accumulation and stabilization of carbon (C) in soil, and thus, is a key factor in the global C cycle. Little is known about the interplay of mineral type, land use and management intensity in MAOM formation, especially on subdecadal time scales. We exposed mineral containers with goethite or illite, the most abundant iron oxide and phyllosilicate clay in temperate soils, for 5 years in topsoils of 150 forest and 150 grassland sites in three regions across Germany. Results show that irrespective of land use and management intensity, more C accumulated on goethite than illite (on average 0.23 ± 0.10 and 0.06 ± 0.03 mg m−2 mineral surface respectively). Carbon accumulation across regions was consistently higher in coniferous forests than in deciduous forests and grasslands. Structural equation models further showed that thinning and harvesting reduced MAOM formation in forests. Formation of MAOM in grasslands was not affected by grazing. Fertilization had opposite effects on MAOM formation, with the positive effect being mediated by enhanced plant productivity and the negative effect by reduced plant species richness. This highlights the caveat of applying fertilizers as a strategy to increase soil C stocks in temperate grasslands. Overall, we demonstrate that the rate and amount of MAOM formation in soil is primarily driven by mineral type, and can be modulated by land use and management intensity even on subdecadal time scales. Our results suggest that temperate soils dominated by oxides have a higher capacity to accumulate and store C than those dominated by phyllosilicate clays, even under circumneutral pH conditions. Therefore, adopting land use and management practices that increase C inputs into oxide‐rich soils that are under their capacity to store C may offer great potential to enhance near‐term soil C sequestration.
Government transparency and corruption in a turbulent setting: The case of foreign aid to Ukraine
Authors: Cifuentes‐Faura Javier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the role of accounting in disaster mitigation and the importance of transparency to avoid corruption. During the Ukrainian war, accounting has allowed the redistribution of war material, the quantification of economic aid, or the efficient management of humanitarian aid. This paper aims to set a research agenda on transparency and corruption in foreign aid to a fragile and conflict‐affected country. In order to analyze the situation of corruption in Ukraine during the war, first a review of the latest corrupt events is carried out and its position in the Corruption Perception Indicator is analyzed. Subsequently, we analyze the aid that Ukraine has received from other countries and institutions, and whether it is transparent. The possible dependence of the Corruption Perception Indicator on the transparency index of each country in the management of aid to Ukraine is studied. This article links corruption, transparency and accounting in the context of the Ukrainian war, highlighting the important role of auditing and financial controls, and presents proposals for future research.
Britain's fiscal‐military state in the eighteenth century: Recent trends in historiography
Authors: Ganev Robin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractJohn Brewer's argument that eighteenth‐century Britain developed a centralized and effective fiscal‐military state that allowed it to become a great power has been instrumental in making early modern state‐building an important field of inquiry for historians. New directions in the field explore conflicting eighteenth‐century ideologies, the notion of a ‘naval‐military’ state, the non‐military dimensions of the state, the nature of the Irish and Scottish fiscal‐military states, the relationship between Britain's central state and colonial states, and the relationship between the state and the informal actors who served it.
Ultra‐wideband electromagnetic interference shielding properties of parallel expanded graphite/Fe3O4 composites
Authors: Huang Yujia , Zhang Zijian , Liang Zhilong , Hu Yue , Zhang Qiqi , Zhang Peng , Xing Yan , Wan Chunlei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rapid development of electronic devices in various fields has stimulated an increased demand for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials working in ultra‐wideband frequencies of gigahertz. However, the aggregation problem and single attenuation mechanism severely limit the broadband shielding applications of nanomaterials. To address these challenges, a novel composite of parallel expanded graphite (EG) embedded in the densified Fe3O4 matrix is designed and successfully synthesized through the in situ chemical coprecipitation followed by pressure sintering. This unique structure creates heterogeneous interfaces by combining the conductive EG and magnetic Fe3O4. The significant dielectric and magnetic loss then arise from conduction and polarization loss, as well as the eddy current and resonance effects. The multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves between the oriented EG sheets further cause the “absorb–reflect–reabsorb” effect that prolongs the propagation paths and enhances the dissipation of electromagnetic waves. Based on these multiple mechanisms over an ultrawide range of frequencies (8.2–40 GHz), the EG/Fe3O4 composites exhibit exceptional EMI shielding performance, with an average shielding effectiveness of 29.3 dB, indicating the potential for multifunctional EMI shielding applications.
The trajectory of human B‐cell function, immune deficiency, and allergy revealed by inborn errors of immunity
Authors: Tangye Stuart G. , Mackie Joseph , Pathmanandavel Karrnan , Ma Cindy S. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe essential role of B cells is to produce protective immunoglobulins (Ig) that recognize, neutralize, and clear invading pathogens. This results from the integration of signals provided by pathogens or vaccines and the stimulatory microenvironment within sites of immune activation, such as secondary lymphoid tissues, that drive mature B cells to differentiate into memory B cells and antibody (Ab)‐secreting plasma cells. In this context, B cells undergo several molecular events including Ig class switching and somatic hypermutation that results in the production of high‐affinity Ag‐specific Abs of different classes, enabling effective pathogen neutralization and long‐lived humoral immunity. However, perturbations to these key signaling pathways underpin immune dyscrasias including immune deficiency and autoimmunity or allergy. Inborn errors of immunity that disrupt critical immune pathways have identified non‐redundant requirements for eliciting and maintaining humoral immune memory but concomitantly prevent immune dysregulation. Here, we will discuss our studies on human B cells, and how our investigation of cytokine signaling in B cells have identified fundamental requirements for memory B‐cell formation, Ab production as well as regulating Ig class switching in the context of protective versus allergic immune responses.
GIS‐based crime hotspot mapping and its correlation with land use: A case study on assessment of CPTED principle
Authors: Sharma Hrutvik K. , Tailor Ravin M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to assess the relationship between crime rate and land use, which reflects the principle of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) at the city level. Crime data for 2022 is taken for Surat city and regressed against various land uses and road networks. These land use and road networks depict three CPTED principles: natural surveillance, access control and activity support. First, crime hotspot mapping is done using various spatial interpolation methods, and relative comparison is done using the root mean square error value. The IDW method is found to be the most suitable method for hotspot mapping of Surat city. The result shows that residential, industrial and recreational land uses have a significant correlation with crime rates. Residential and industrial areas have a positive impact, whereas recreational spaces have a negative impact on crime rates. Increased road connectivity also has a positive correlation with crime rates. This study suggests that the crime rate varies with different land uses and road networks. Hence, CPTED principles do affect at the city level.
RETRACTED: A meta‐analysis of the effectiveness of antibacterial bone cement in the treatment of diabetic foot skin wound infections
Authors: Wu Shuwei , Xu Yuanyuan , Guo Linghong , Jiang Xian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis research was implemented to appraise the effect of antibiotic bone cement (ABC) in treating infected diabetic foot wounds (IDFWs). Inclusive literature research till April 2023 was done and 1237 interconnected researches were revised. The 15 selected researches enclosed 895 IDFWs persons were in the utilized researchers' starting point, 449 of them were utilizing ABC, and 446 were in the control group. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were utilized to appraise the consequence of ABC in treating IDFWs by the contentious approach and a fixed or random model. ABC had significantly lower wound healing time (MD, −9.83; 95% CI, −12.45–−7.20, p < 0.001), and time to bacterial conversion of the wound (MD, −7.30; 95% CI, −10.38–−4.32, p < 0.001) compared to control in IDFWs persons. However, caution needs to be taken when interacting with its values since there was a low sample size of most of the chosen research found for the comparisons in the meta‐analysis.
RETRACTED: Effects of enhance recovery after surgery nursing program on the surgical site wound infection in patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Li , Zhang Meilin , Zhang Xu , Xiang Qing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOur study aimed to investigate the effects of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing program on surgical site wound infections (SSWI) and postoperative complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) for hepatocellular carcinoma. Computer searches of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases were conducted to gather randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that were published from inception to September 2023. The target studies evaluated the effects of the ERAS nursing program in patients undergoing LH for hepatocellular carcinoma. Two independent authors screened the literature, extracted the data and performed quality assessments. Dichotomous variables were analysed using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), as effect analysis statistics. Stata software (version 17.0) was used for data analysis. Eleven RCTs with 765 patients were included, with 383 patients in the ERAS group and 382 in the control group. The results revealed that the incidence of SSWI (OR = 0.32, 95%CI:0.15–0.71, p = 0.004) and postoperative complications (OR = 0.23, 95%CI:0.15–0.34, p < 0.001) were both significantly reduced in the ERAS group, compared with the control group. The ERAS nursing program, when applied to patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatic cancer resection, can effectively reduce the incidence of SSWI and postoperative complications, thus promoting postoperative recovery.
Ba2+/Sr2+ regulation in A‐site vacancy‐engineered B0.015+1.5xS0.245‐1.5x□0.03BNT relaxor ceramics for energy storage
Authors: Shi Xuhai , Li Zhipeng , Shen Zong‐Yang , Song Fusheng , Luo Wenqin , Zeng Xiaojun , Wang Zhumei , Li Yueming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA‐site vacancy‐engineered Ba0.015+1.5xSr0.245‐1.5x□0.03Bi0.385Na0.325TiO3 (B0.015+1.5xS0.245‐1.5x□0.03BNT, x = 0, 0.012, 0.024, 0.036, 0.048, 0.06) ceramics were fabricated by a solid‐state reaction method. The effect of Ba/Sr regulation on the structure, polarization, and dielectric energy storage properties of the B0.015+1.5xS0.245‐1.5x□0.03BNT ceramics were investigated. With the increase of the x value, the lamellar microdomains transform into the coexistence of banded domains and nanodomains. A double‐like P‐E hysteresis loop with a high polarization value (Pmax > 35 μC/cm2) can be obtained at a very low electric field of 60 kV/cm. Consequently, a large recoverable energy storage density (Wrec = 2.33 J/cm3) can be achieved at a relatively low applied electric field of 130 kV/cm. The designed B0.087S0.173□0.03BNT also exhibits high dielectric constant (εr = 3510 @150°C&1 kHz) with suitable temperature capacitance coefficient (TCC150°C = ±15%) over the temperature range of 17°C∼382°C. These findings provide a novel vacancy‐engineered avenue towards the design of BSBNT relaxor ceramics with high Wrec and good stability for low‐voltage driven high‐temperature pulsed power capacitor.
Calreticulin accelerates corneal wound closure and mitigates fibrosis: Potential therapeutic applications
Authors: Mishra Sarita , Manzanares Miguel A. , Prater Justin , Culp David , Gold Leslie I. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe processes involved in regeneration of cutaneous compared to corneal tissues involve different intrinsic mechanisms. Importantly, cutaneous wounds involve healing by angiogenesis but vascularization of the cornea obscures vision. Previous studies showed that topically applied calreticulin (CALR) healed full‐thickness excisional animal wounds by a tissue regenerative process markedly enhancing repair without evoking angiogenesis. In the current study, the application of CALR in a rabbit corneal injury model: (1) accelerated full wound closure by 3 days (2) accelerated delayed healing caused by corticosteroids, routinely used to prevent post‐injury inflammation, by 6 days and (3) healed wounds without vascularization or fibrosis/hazing. In vitro, CALR stimulated proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells (CE) and corneal stromal cells (keratocytes) by 1.5‐fold and 1.4‐fold, respectively and induced migration of CE cells and keratocytes, by 72% and 85% compared to controls of 44% and 59%, respectively. As a marker of decreased fibrosis, CALR treated corneal wounds showed decreased immunostaining for α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) by keratocytes and following CALR treatment in vitro, decreased the levels of TGF‐β2 in human CE cells and α‐SMA in keratocytes. CALR has the potential to be a novel therapeutic both, to accelerate corneal healing from various injuries and in conjunction with corticosteroids.
Identification of hub genes and pathways associated with cellular senescence in diabetic foot ulcers via comprehensive transcriptome analysis
Authors: Huang Yike , Wang Dongqing , Zhang Wen , Yuan Xue , Li Ke , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zeng Mingqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis research aimed to find important genes and pathways related to cellular senescence (CS) in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and to estimate the possible pathways through which CS affects diabetic foot healing. The GSE80178 dataset was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, containing six DFU and three diabetic foot skin (DFS) samples. The limma package was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). At the same time, DEGs associated with CS (CS‐DEGs) were found using the CellAge database. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted on the CS‐DEGs. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was built using the String database, and the cytoHubba plug‐in within Cytoscape helped identify hub genes. Lastly, the miRNA‐TF‐mRNA regulatory network for these hub genes was established. In total, 66 CS‐DEGs were obtained. These genes mainly focus on CS, Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus infection and Toll‐like receptor signalling pathway. Eight hub genes were identified to regulate cell senescence in DFU, including TP53, SRC, SIRT1, CCND1, EZH2, CXCL8, AR and CDK4. According to miRNA‐TF‐mRNA regulatory network, hsa‐mir‐132‐3p/SIRT1/EZH2 axis is involved in senescence cell accumulation in DFU.
The association between caregiver psychiatric distress and perceived barriers to behavioral health treatment participation for youth in the juvenile legal system
Authors: Sheerin Kaitlin M. , Williamson‐Butler Shannon , Vieira Alyssa , Grant Miyah , Kemp Kathleen A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractYouth in the juvenile legal system (JLS) evidence high rates of behavioral health concerns but struggle to access services. Given that caregivers are often tasked with helping their child to initiate and persist with services, it seems important to understand how their own well‐being impacts their experiences of barriers to treatment participation for their child. The present study examined the link between caregiver (N = 196; 89% female) psychiatric concerns and experiences of treatment barriers among a sample of youth involved in the JLS. A cluster analysis revealed a cluster of caregivers with clinically significant levels of psychiatric distress and a cluster with low levels of psychiatric distress. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that belonging to the high‐distress cluster was predictive of experiencing certain types of barriers to treatment participation. These findings have implications for interventions for addressing barriers to treatment participation for caregivers of legally involved youth.