bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Improvement of Central Apnea Index after Adenotonsillectomy in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wijitpan Suttida , Tanphaichitr Archwin , Kasemsuk Navarat , Banhiran Wish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Central sleep apnea has been reported in pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the effect of adenotonsillectomy (TA) on the presentation of the central apnea index (CAI) remains unclear. We investigated the effect of TA on CAI in children with OSA through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods
A systematic search was performed to identify original studies that compare the CAI obtained before and after TA from polysomnography in children under 18 years of age. Non-original studies and full papers that were not available were excluded. Only relevant data were pooled for meta-analysis.
Results
Eleven studies with 689 participants were included. The mean age was 5.6 ± 3.0 years and the mean BMI was 21.0 ± 10.6 kg/m2. Post-TA CAI decreased significantly from pre-TA CAI with a mean difference (MD) of 0.70 events/h (95%CI, 0.25–1.15), especially in the non-Down syndrome subgroup [MD of 0.75 events/h (95%CI, 0.24 to 1.26)]. Other parameters, including the apnea-hypopnea index and oxygen saturation, were also significantly improved after TA. However, there was no significant difference in CAI reduction between the subgroups of patients with and without TA, and those with and without obesity.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis revealed that pediatric patients with OSA who underwent TA had a significant reduction in CAI, particularly in patients without Down syndrome. The study suggests that CAI should be considered an important PSG parameter in post-TA patients. A further well-controlled and long-term study considering the impact of pediatric OSA surgery on CAI is needed.
Identification of Molecular Subtypes and a Prognostic Signature Based on m6A/m5C/m1A-Related Genes in Lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yu , Luo Xuan , Jia Qiuye , Wang Zhiyuan , Wang Xiaofang , Wang Yanghao , Zhang Yinlin , Li Muye , Li Fangfang , Bian Li 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological type of lung cancer and has high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that RNA modifications involving m6A, m5C, and m1A play a vital part in tumorigenesis, drug resistance and immunotherapy. However, there is no reliable model according to m6A/m5C/m1A-related genes to predict the patients’ prognosis in LUAD. We obtained patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and captured m6A/m5C/m1A-related genes from the GeneCards database. The “ConsensusClusterPlus” R package was used to generate molecular subtypes based on m6A/m5C/m1A-related genes obtained by differential expression analysis and univariate Cox analysis. We constructed a prognostic signature consisting of six genes (SNHG12, PABPC1, IGF2BP1, FOXM1, CBFA2T3, and CASC8), which was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Higher risk scores were associated with poorer overall survival and increased expression of human leukocyte antigen and immune checkpoints. The relationships between m6A/m5C/m1A regulated gene subsets and risk model and immune cell infiltration were analyzed using estimate, CIBERSORT, TIMER, ssGSEA algorithms and exclusion (TIDE). The tumour stemness indices (TSIs) were also compared based on m6A/m5C/m1A -related molecular subtypes and the risk signature. Based on the risk signature, various analyses were conducted including stratification, somatic mutation, nomogram construction, chemotherapeutic response prediction, and small-molecule drug prediction. In conclusion, we constructed a six-gene prognostic signature that could be useful for prognostication in LUAD patients and designing personalized treatments, which could provide new versions of personalized management for these patients.
Obstructive sleep apnea and visceral adiposity index: A cross-sectional study of the NHANES 2015–2020
Authors: jiang chunqi , wang bo , wang Jun , qu Yinuo , zhang changyun , zhao Guang , chen Puyi , yan Chuanzhu , zhang xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Evidence indicates that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is related to the Visceral adiposity index (VAI). Our study aimed to assess theassociation between VAI and OSA based on a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2015 and 2020.
MethodsWe used weighted multivariable logistic regression models with subgroup analysis to explore the
relationship between VAI and OSA. A nonlinear association was tested using generalized additive models. To calculate the inflection point, we constructed a two-part linear regression model and applied a recursive algorithm.
Results The study enrolled 4816 American participants. The regression model, after adjusting for all confounding variables, showed that the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the correlation between VAI and OSA was 1.01 (0.97, 1.05), indicating no statistically significant association. In spite of this, the linear trend test showed a non-linear relationship between VAI and OSA. Based on restricted cubic splines, the odds of OSA increased with increasing VAI before the inflection point (3.7), and there was no statistically significant relationship after the inflection point. VAI and OSA were found to be nonlinear in all population subgroups except for males and those aged 40- 60.
Conclusion The relationship between VAI and OSA was curvilinear. Age and gender have significant effects. The relationship was linear for men, but nonlinear for participants younger than 40 and for female.
Investigating the Relationship Between Climatic Factors and Malaria Cases in the Municipality of Beira Using Flexible Smoothing Regression
Authors: Muleia Rachid , Karim Md.Rezaul , Maúre Genito , José Américo , Adjei Isaac Akpor , Marrufo Tatiana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Malaria, a prominent health concern globally, exhibits a strong correlation with climatic determinants. With the changing global climate, understanding this relationship becomes imperative in crafting preventive strategies against the disease.
Objectives: This research aimed to ascertain the relationships between climatic variables and malaria incidence in Beira City between 2012 and 2020, as well as project the potential implications of climate change on future malaria transmission.
Methods: The study deployed the Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) with a flexible smoothing function to probe the associations between climate variables and weekly malaria incidence. It further evaluated the potential repercussions of climate change on malaria transmission under different emission trajectories.
Results: Significant associations were found between climatic factors and malaria incidence. The findings indicated that recent rainfall (within the last three weeks) and relative humidity (over the past four weeks) had a positive impact on malaria incidence. Conversely, the temperature from the previous week and other time-related variables had a negative effect. Future projections under different emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.6, and RCP8.5) anticipate a decline in malaria incidence by 2030.
Conclusion: Climatic variables play a pivotal role in influencing malaria incidence. As such, they should be at the forefront of considerations for effective malaria prevention and control strategies. Moreover, the study provides invaluable insights that can guide public health decisions, emphasizing the need to address the potential repercussions of climate change on malaria transmission.
Association between the Demographic Characteristics, Severity, Clinical Symptoms, Vital Signs, and Lab Findings and COVID-19 Outcomes in Older Adults
Authors: Ashjazadeh Hamidreza , Zandieh Zhale , Niksolat Maryam , Nabi Somaye , Zanjari Nasibeh , Yarandi Razieh Bidhendi , Azadbakht Mojtaba 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is an evil infectious disease that seriously threatens people's lives and health due to its high infectivity and incidence. A practical solution to curb the pandemic is to facilitate the recognition of poor prognostic factors at earlier stages, especially in vulnerable groups such as elderly individuals, to help clinicians make timely decisions on treatment initiation.
Methods
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study on information extracted from the medical files of 534 COVID-19 patients aged 60 years and above. Then, the frequencies of these variables by outcome (recovery or death) were analyzed, and the association between the demographic characteristics, severity, clinical symptoms, vital signs, and underlying health and the mortality rate was reported.
Results
The average age of the population was 72.5 ± 8.77 years. The overall mortality rate was 23.2%. The in-ICU mortality rate was 87%. Mortality increased considerably with a rise in troponin level, 53% with troponin ≥ 100. RDW > 16 and MCV > 96.1 significantly increased mortality. Eighty-six percent of the cases suffered from chronic diseases. The mortality rate in patients with autoimmune diseases was 64%, and that in patients with CKD was 51%.
Conclusions
ICU admission was the strongest predictive indicator for poor outcomes. Mortality increased significantly in elderly COVID-19 patients suffering from autoimmune diseases, CKD, underlying pulmonary and heart diseases, diabetes, and diastolic and systolic hypotension.
MeSH terms:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Age, Mortality, Prognosis
A RBF Neural Network-Based Parameters Tuning for an ADRC Regulator of Electrode Wire Feed Mechanism: Arc Welding Applications
Authors: Babes Badreddine , Boutaghane Amar , Reddaf Abdelmalek , Boudjerda Mounir , Amar Hichem , Hamouda Noureddine , Ghoneim Sherif S. M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The electrode wire feeding mechanism (EWFM) is a closed-loop system that is commonly utilized in power controlled arc welding machines to achieve better performance for different electrode wire diameters. This study presents parameters self-tuning method based on RBF neural network for active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) of a welding EWFM, and establishes a real-time testing system based on the dSPACE platform. First, an ADRC control strategy is developed to enhance the tracking performance and robustness of a welding EWFM in a multi-source disturbance environment. Second, an RBF-based parameters tuning method is provided to correctly determine and adjust the gains of the suggested ADRC regulator. Finally, to confirm the considered strategy, the real-time tests are conducted. The findings demonstrate that the suggested ADRC regulator with RBF-based gains tuning algorithm has a considerable disturbance rejection capability, small overshoot, fast response, and high precision which can improve the stability and quality of the arc welding process.
The utility of serum total bile acid levels as a prognostic biomarker for the survival of children with sepsis
Authors: Wang Yanfei , Deng Kelei , Lin Peiquan , Hu Lei , Ye Jing , Liang Jianfeng , Ni Yan , Tan Linhua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is common in pediatric intensive care units (ICU). It is crucial to explore the independent risk factors of sepsis, establish a septic prediction model, and evaluate the prognosis of hospitalized surviving patients with sepsis through clinical research.
Methods: From January 2016 to December 2021, we selected septic children admitted to the ICU of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Concurrently, as controls for the absence of sepsis, healthy children of the same age were chosen. Every child was categorized into one of three groups based on the prognosis of sepsis: sepsis survival, sepsis death, or a control group with no sepsis. As the subject of the study, comprehensive clinical data of all children who were admitted to the hospital were collected. In order to identify prognostic risk factors for sepsis patients in the intensive care unit, the disparities in laboratory examination outcomes and clinical indicators of sepsis among the three groups of children were compared.
Results:A total of 702 children were enrolled, including 538 cases in the sepsis survival group, 164 cases in the sepsis death group, and 269 cases in the no sepsis control group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of in-hospital mortality showed that serum total bile acid (TBA) (OR=2.898, 95% CI 1.946~4.315, p<0.05) was a risk factor for sepsis. A
clinical prediction model for sepsis prognosis was constructed based on the risk factors obtained from regression analysis. We found that TBA (>17.95 µmol/L) is an independent risk factor for predicting sepsis mortality, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.842 (95% CI 0.800-0.883), sensitivity of 54.9%, specificity of 96.6%, and HR=7.658 (95% CI 5.575~10.520).
Conclusion: It is imperative to investigate the utilization of prognostic models for the purpose of forecasting mortality in children afflicted with sepsis. Based on the findings of this study, elevated serum TBA concentrations are associated with a heightened risk of mortality in pediatric sepsis. By constructing a survival prediction model from clinical data, the final analysis can assist clinicians caring for children with sepsis at the bedside.
Enhancing Neonatal Thoracoscopic Surgical Training with Rabbit Model
Authors: Fung Adrian Chi Heng , Chung Patrick Ho Yu , Chan Ivy Hau Yee , Lau Eugene Chin Tung , Wo Jana Yim Hung , Wong Kenneth Kak Yuen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Thoracoscopy, which has an increasing role in the treatment of indexed neonatal surgical conditions, requires adequate training. To support this, the current study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of using live rabbit models in neonatal thoracoscopic skills training among paediatric surgeons.
Methods
Following didactic lectures and demonstrations, the participants were given hands-on opportunities to perform thoracoscopic procedures. The feasibility and effectiveness of using live rabbit models in neonatal thoracoscopic skills training among paediatric surgeons were evaluated with pre-/post-course procedural confidence scores and a questionnaire.
Results
This study included 13 paediatric surgeons—2 (15%) males and 11 (85%) females—who were evenly distributed. There were four basic surgical trainees, five higher surgical trainees and four fellows in paediatric surgery (mean surgical practice experience: 4.5 ± 3.7 years). Most had experience assisting paediatric (70%) and neonatal (62%) thoracoscopic surgery. Only 30% had experience as the chief surgeon of paediatric thoracoscopic surgery, with none on neonates. Significant improvement was seen in procedural confidence as the assistant and chief surgeon of all procedures post-workshop. The surgeons rated the model positively.
Conclusion
The procedural confidence level of paediatric surgeons improved significantly after workshop participation. This realistic and easily reproducible model can help perfect thoracoscopic skills. Therefore, its integration into paediatric surgical training would promote surgical skill proficiency and could improve surgeons’ confidence in neonate operations.
Novel mutations of the CYP17A1 gene cause disorders of sex development in two-chromosome karyotype 46,XY infants and a literature review: A case report
Authors: Dong Ying , Xi Li , Cheng Ruoqian , Zhang Miaoying , Zheng Zhangqian , Xie Chun , LI Qi , Luo Feihong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a group of rare autosomal recessive diseases due to seven different enzyme mutations, and 17ɑ-hydroxylase deficiency is rare in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The typical clinical manifestations of 17α-OHD are sexual naivety, with vague or feminine apparent definition of the external genitalia; pubescent and adult females present with no pubertal development and primary amenorrhea, and males show vulval dysplasia or femininity.
Case presentation:
The clinical features and laboratory and whole-exon sequencing test results were analysed in the 2 children with the chromosomal karyotype 46,XY 17ɑ-OHD at the ages of 2 months and 20 days (case 1) and 1 year and 2 months (case 2). Case 1 presented with cryptorchidism and a small penis with an external masculinization score of 7. Case 2 showed feminine external genitalia with a score of 4. Decreased morning cortisol levels, normal electrolytes and significantly increased luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were present in both cases. Both patients harboured compound heterozygous mutations in the CYP17A1 gene, and among them, had three novel mutations.
Conclusions
CYP17A1 gene defects in infants can manifest only as gonadal dysplasia and a lack of blood pressure and electrolyte abnormalities, which are easily misdiagnosed. Those with internal and/or external genitalia inconsistent with the chromosome karyotype should be alert to the possibility of 17ɑ-OHD. Adrenal steroid hormones and gene testing can be helpful for a definite diagnosis and early intervention.
Cobalt-molybdenum bimetallic phosphide grown in situ on nickel foam as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for efficient water splitting
Authors: Wang Qiangqiang , Song Yameng , Liu Xiuzhen , Liang Haojun , Li Shiqi , Wang Shanshan , Sun Yanyan , Zhang Yingjiu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Designing low-cost, efficient and stable non-precious metal catalysts for overall water splitting is a necessary and urgent task. In this paper, Co-Mo-P nanopillar array catalysts were successfully prepared on three-dimensional nickel foam (Co-Mo-P/NF) by hydrothermal and phosphorylation methods for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The vertically aligned nanopillar structure provides a relatively high specific surface area, which can provide an abundance of active sites and facilitate the penetration of the electrolyte and increase the electron transfer rate. Electrochemical tests have shown that Co-Mo-P/NF exhibits excellent performance and stability in HER and OER reactions. For HER, the overpotential of the catalyst was 37 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm− 2 in 1M KOH and 258 mV for OER. In addition, the Co-Mo-P/NF exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance with a cell voltage as low as 1.58 V to obtain 10 mA cm− 2.
A Study on Evaluating synthetic time-series data of battery
Authors: Seol Sujin , Yoon Jaewoo , Lee Jungeun , Kim Byeongwoo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Advancements in artificial intelligence have encouraged the application of deep learning in various fields. A critical element of deep learning is the dataset, with the accuracy of deep learning algorithms depending on the quality of the data. Data augmentation algorithms can secure large, high-quality datasets, with qual- ity assessment of the generated datasets mostly performed through qualitative and quantitative evaluation. However, the conventional qualitative evaluation has no objective and quantitative evaluation suitable for battery synthetic datasets. Therefore, this study proposes applying the rate of change in linear regression correlation coefficients, the Dunn Index, and the silhouette coefficient as cluster- ing indices for quantitatively evaluating the quality of the synthetic time-series datasets of batteries. To verify the reliability of the proposed method, we applied the TimeGAN algorithm to an open-source battery dataset and then generated a synthetic battery dataset and compared its similarity to the original dataset using the proposed evaluation method. Consequently, we present a new synthetic time- series dataset evaluation method that has higher reliability than the conventional representative evaluation method (i.e., the training loss rate).
How do Agricultural Subsidies affect the Income of Food- producing Household: a Mediated Moderation Model
Authors: Yi Haoping , Guo Dengwang , Wang Haoming , Min Longzhen , Yi Guohui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Increasing farmers’ income is critical to achieving the goals of rural revitalization and common prosperity, and has been a priority in the “three rural” work in China. With growing financial support for agriculture and a widening urban-rural income gap, understanding the relationship between agricultural subsidies and rural household income is crucial. Using data from the 2018 China Labor-force Dynamic Survey, this paper employs basic estimation, mediating effect, and moderating effect models to analyze the heterogeneity of agricultural subsidies’ impact on rural household income, the mediating effect of agricultural mechanization, and the moderating effect of operation scale. Our findings show that agricultural subsidies significantly promote the income of food-producing household, with agricultural mechanization partially mediating this effect. Operation scale positively moderates the impact of agricultural subsidies on rural household income and agricultural mechanization. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that agricultural subsidies have a more significant impact on rural household income among elderly agricultural producers in the eastern region.
Rapid stress relaxation and degradable aromatic disulfide vitrimer for recyclable carbon fiber reinforced composite
Authors: Zhang Qinghua , Li Mingzhuan , Feng Peifeng , Meng Luoli , Jian Xigao , Xu Jian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Carbon fiber thermoset composites pose significant challenges due to their inability to be reprocessed and the difficulties in recycling carbon fibers. Vitrimer materials with reversible dynamic covalent bonding offer a promising solution for the degradation of thermosetting resins and the recycling of carbon fibers. However, their practical application is limited by inability to quickly release stresses from deformation and long degradation times. To address these limitations, this study presents a novel vitrimer material based on free amine-catalyzed aromatic dynamic disulfide exchange. The dynamic disulfide exchange network, catalyzed by free amines, exhibits rapid stress relaxation, with a relaxation time of only 14 s at 180°C. This exceptional dynamic exchange capability grants the vitrimer material outstanding self-healing properties, shape memory functionality, and recycling performance. Moreover, the higher concentration of disulfide bonds and the generation of small molecules increase the susceptibility of the crosslinked network to thiol degradation, resulting in resin degradation within 5 h. Additionally, this research successfully applies the vitrimer material as a matrix to prepare carbon fiber composites with exceptional mechanical properties. Furthermore, by degrading the resin matrix, effective recycling of carbon fibers is achieved, contributing to sustainable practices in the automotive and aerospace industries.