bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The roles of tissue resident macrophages in health and cancer
Authors: Cao Minmin , Wang Zihao , Lan Wanying , Xiang Binghua , Liao Wenjun , Zhou Jie , Liu Xiaomeng , Wang Yiling , Zhang Shichuan , Lu Shun , Lang Jinyi , Zhao Yue 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs integral components of the immune microenvironment, tissue resident macrophages (TRMs) represent a self-renewing and long-lived cell population that plays crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis, promoting tissue remodeling after damage, defending against inflammation and even orchestrating cancer progression. However, the exact functions and roles of TRMs in cancer are not yet well understood. TRMs exhibit either pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic effects by engaging in phagocytosis and secreting diverse cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors to modulate the adaptive immune system. The life-span, turnover kinetics and monocyte replenishment of TRMs vary among different organs, adding to the complexity and controversial findings in TRMs studies. Considering the complexity of tissue associated macrophage origin, macrophages targeting strategy of each ontogeny should be carefully evaluated. Consequently, acquiring a comprehensive understanding of TRMs' origin, function, homeostasis, characteristics, and their roles in cancer for each specific organ holds significant research value. In this review, we aim to provide an outline of homeostasis and characteristics of resident macrophages in the lung, liver, brain, skin and intestinal, as well as their roles in modulating primary and metastatic cancer, which may inform and serve the future design of targeted therapies.
Why is lithium [not] the drug of choice for bipolar disorder? a controversy between science and clinical practice
Authors: Kessing Lars Vedel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
During over half a century, science has shown that lithium is the most efficacious treatment for bipolar disorder but despite this, its prescription has consistently declined internationally during recent decades to approximately 35% ever use or less of patients with bipolar disorder.

Content
This narrative review provides an overview of the decreasing use of lithium in bipolar disorder internationally, shortly summarises the evidence for lithium’s acute and prophylactic effects in bipolar disorder, discuss the challenges in relation to lithium including side effects, long-term risks and myths around lithium and provides two detailed examples on how specialised care models may result in successful increase of the use of lithium to 70% of patients with bipolar disorder largescale and improve care regionally and nationally.

Conclusions
Decades of scientific investigations and education and teaching of clinicians and the public has not increased the use of lithium on a population-based large scale. It is argued that lithium should be the drug of choice for maintenance therapy as the single first-line treatment and that organizational changes are needed with specialised care for bipolar disorder to systematically and long-term change the use of lithium on a large-scale population-level.
MANF protein expression is upregulated in immune cells in the ischemic human brain and systemic recombinant MANF delivery in rat ischemic stroke model demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects
Authors: Anttila Jenni E. , Mattila Olli S. , Liew Hock-Kean , Mätlik Kert , Mervaala Eero , Lindholm Päivi , Lindahl Maria , Lindsberg Perttu J. , Tseng Kuan-Yin , Airavaara Mikko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) has cytoprotective effects on various injuries, including cerebral ischemia, and it can promote recovery even when delivered intracranially several days after ischemic stroke. In the uninjured rodent brain, MANF protein is expressed almost exclusively in neurons, but post-ischemic MANF expression has not been characterized. We aimed to investigate how endogenous cerebral MANF protein expression evolves in infarcted human brains and rodent ischemic stroke models. During infarct progression, the cerebral MANF expression pattern both in human and rat brains shifted drastically from neurons to expression in inflammatory cells. Intense MANF immunoreactivity took place in phagocytic microglia/macrophages in the ischemic territory, peaking at two weeks post-stroke in human and one-week post-stroke in rat ischemic cortex. Using double immunofluorescence and mice lacking MANF gene and protein from neuronal stem cells, neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, we verified that MANF expression was induced in microglia/macrophage cells in the ischemic hemisphere. Embarking on the drastic expression transition towards inflammatory cells and the impact of blood-borne inflammation in stroke, we hypothesized that exogenously delivered MANF protein can modulate tissue recovery processes. In an attempt to enhance recovery, we designed a set of proof-of-concept studies using systemic delivery of recombinant MANF in a rat model of cortical ischemic stroke. Intranasal recombinant MANF treatment decreased infarct volume and reduced the severity of neurological deficits. Intravenous recombinant MANF treatment decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the infarcted cortex one-day post-stroke. In conclusion, MANF protein expression is induced in activated microglia/macrophage cells in infarcted human and rodent brains, and this could implicate MANF’s involvement in the regulation of post-stroke inflammation in patients and experimental animals. Moreover, systemic delivery of recombinant MANF shows promising immunomodulatory effects and therapeutic potential in experimental ischemic stroke.
A review of graph neural networks: concepts, architectures, techniques, challenges, datasets, applications, and future directions
Authors: Khemani Bharti , Patil Shruti , Kotecha Ketan , Tanwar Sudeep 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeep learning has seen significant growth recently and is now applied to a wide range of conventional use cases, including graphs. Graph data provides relational information between elements and is a standard data format for various machine learning and deep learning tasks. Models that can learn from such inputs are essential for working with graph data effectively. This paper identifies nodes and edges within specific applications, such as text, entities, and relations, to create graph structures. Different applications may require various graph neural network (GNN) models. GNNs facilitate the exchange of information between nodes in a graph, enabling them to understand dependencies within the nodes and edges. The paper delves into specific GNN models like graph convolution networks (GCNs), GraphSAGE, and graph attention networks (GATs), which are widely used in various applications today. It also discusses the message-passing mechanism employed by GNN models and examines the strengths and limitations of these models in different domains. Furthermore, the paper explores the diverse applications of GNNs, the datasets commonly used with them, and the Python libraries that support GNN models. It offers an extensive overview of the landscape of GNN research and its practical implementations.
Bilingual video captioning model for enhanced video retrieval
Authors: Alrebdi Norah , Al-Shargabi Amal A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMany video platforms rely on the descriptions that uploaders provide for video retrieval. However, this reliance may cause inaccuracies. Although deep learning-based video captioning can resolve this problem, it has some limitations: (1) traditional keyframe extraction techniques do not consider video length/content, resulting in low accuracy, high storage requirements, and long processing times; (2) Arabic language support in video captioning is not extensive. This study proposes a new video captioning approach that uses an efficient keyframe extraction method and supports both Arabic and English. The proposed keyframe extraction technique uses time- and content-based approaches for better quality captions, fewer storage space requirements, and faster processing. The English and Arabic models use a sequence-to-sequence framework with long short-term memory in both the encoder and decoder. Both models were evaluated on caption quality using four metrics: bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU), metric for evaluation of translation with explicit ORdering (METEOR), recall-oriented understudy of gisting evaluation (ROUGE-L), and consensus-based image description evaluation (CIDE-r). They were also evaluated using cosine similarity to determine their suitability for video retrieval. The results demonstrated that the English model performed better with regards to caption quality and video retrieval. In terms of BLEU, METEOR, ROUGE-L, and CIDE-r, the English model scored 47.18, 30.46, 62.07, and 59.98, respectively, whereas the Arabic model scored 21.65, 36.30, 44.897, and 45.52, respectively. According to the video retrieval, the English and Arabic models successfully retrieved 67% and 40% of the videos, respectively, with 20% similarity. These models have potential applications in storytelling, sports commentaries, and video surveillance.
A single-subject research design evaluating a co-created yoga program for adults with gynecologic cancer: feasibility study protocol
Authors: Price Jenson , Brunet Jennifer 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWorldwide, > 1.3 million adults are diagnosed with a gynecologic cancer each year, affecting their wellbeing and quality of life. This manuscript describes the protocol for a study that sought to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity of a community-based co-created yoga program and proposed evaluative methods, and estimate program effects on self-reported outcomes.MethodsUsing a multiple baseline single-subject research design with a follow-up phase (ABA), quantitative and qualitative data were collected from program participants and the instructor. Participants were randomly assigned to varying baseline lengths and completed weekly surveys for 3–5 weeks pre-program. Then, participants engaged in a bi-modal 12-week hatha yoga program consisting of 2 60-min group classes a week, with optional supplemental features (January–April, 2023). Participants completed surveys after classes 1, 12, and 24. All yoga classes were audio- and video-recorded. Post-program, participants completed surveys 1, 4, and 8 weeks after the last class and took part in a semi-structured interview 1 week after to discuss program acceptability, suitability, relevance, and potential benefits. Feasibility outcomes (i.e., recruitment, retention, and program adherence rates, engagement with optional program features) were tracked by the instructor assistant and study team during the study. The yoga instructor was interviewed about their experience delivering the program 2 weeks after the last class.Planned analysisFeasibility outcomes will be analyzed using descriptive statistics. Interview transcripts will be coded using reflexive thematic analysis. Class recordings will be coded using duration and frequency coding. Survey responses for self-reported outcomes will be analyzed visually and using multilevel modeling.Expected outcomesData will help determine refinements, if any, required to the program and instructor guidebook, implementation approach, and proposed evaluation methods before scale-up projects and definitive trials are started.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05610982. November 3, 2022.
Bridging the citizenship law implementation gap: a typology for comparative analysis
Authors: van der Baaren Luuk 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhile major advances have been made over the past years in comparing citizenship laws globally, most measures remain restricted to the law-on-the-books. Knowledge about the implementation of these laws remains limited. This poses the question to what extent these measures correspond with the law as experienced by targeted populations. In order to overcome the implementation gap when comparing and measuring citizenship law globally, this paper addresses the question of how to gain a coherent understanding of implementation. Developing a comprehensive typology, the paper distinguishes three crucial elements of implementation: (1) the entry into force of legal provisions (capturing the applicable state of citizenship law), (2) the interpretation of law (the specific interpretation of legal provisions used by the authorities responsible for their execution), and (3) the application of law (executing legal provisions in practice by the authorities). Subsequently, the paper illustrates how this typology can be applied to the analysis of citizenship law implementation by a case study of dual citizenship acceptance, focusing on the renunciation requirement for naturalisation and dual citizenship treaties. The paper concludes by outlining directions for a comparative research agenda that better corresponds with the lived experience of citizenship laws.
The presence and distribution of various genes in postnatal CLP-affected palatine tissue
Authors: Goida Jana , Pilmane Mara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Worldwide cleft lip with or without a cleft palate (CL/P) is the most common craniofacial birth defect. Apart from changes in facial appearance, additionally affected individuals often suffer from various associated comorbidities requiring complex multidisciplinary treatment with overall high expenses. Understanding the complete pathogenetic mechanisms of CL/P might aid in developing new preventative strategies and therapeutic approaches, help with genetic counselling, and improve quality of life. Many genes have been associated with the development of orofacial clefts; however, the majority require further research. Based on the role of PAX7, PAX9, SHH, SOX3, WNT3A, and WNT9B in orofacial development, the intention was to use chromogenic in situ hybridization to detect the six genes in postnatal CLP-affected palatine tissue and compare their distribution within the tissue samples.

Results
Statistically significant differences in the distribution of PAX7, PAX9, WNT3A, and WNT9B were observed. In total, 19 pairs of moderate to very strong positive correlations were noted.

Conclusions
Changes in the cleft-affected palatine epithelium primarily seem to be associated with the PAX7 gene; however, PAX9, WNT3A, WNT9B, and SOX3 role seems to be more limited. Whilst connective tissue changes seem to depend on PAX7 only, SHH seems to participate individually and indistinctly. Numerous positive correlations reflect the complicating interactions of the pathways and their components in the orofacial cleft morphopathogenesis.
Enhancing your practice: debriefing in interventional radiology
Authors: Fitzgerald Kara , Knight Jesse , Valji Karim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Learning objectives
Review the history of debriefing and provide an Interventional Radiologist (IR) specific framework for leading an effective debrief.

Background
A debrief is often regarded as a meeting with persons who were involved in a stressful, traumatic and/or emotionally challenging situation to review processes, communicate concerns or gather feedback. The goals of these sessions can be for learning/quality improvement (QI) or psychological/emotional support, or a mix of both. Debriefing after tough situations has become a standard tool of many medical specialties, such as surgery, critical care and emergency medicine, with specialty specific literature available. However, there is a paucity of Interventional Radiology specific literature available for debriefing techniques.

Clinical findings/procedure details
We will review the history and types of debriefing and why a debrief could be considered. We will provide a framework for leading a successful debrief in Interventional Radiology.

Conclusion
Debriefing can be a useful tool for learning and QI as well as psychological or emotional support after a challenging or tough situation. Debriefing can address multiple variables and can stylistically be tailored to suit specific needs. IRs have an opportunity to take a leadership role in debriefing, providing comfort and quality improvement through communication and support.
Isolation of four carbapenem-resistant gram-negative species from a single fly
Authors: Wang Hanyu , Zhou Hongwei , Chen Gongxiang , Dong Ning 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe widespread occurrence of carbapenem-resistant organisms has garnered significant public attention. Arthropods, including flies, are important vectors of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, we reported the simultaneous carriage of four carbapenem-resistant isolates from different species, namely, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Providencia manganoxydans (P. manganoxydan), Myroides odoratimimus (M. odoratimimus) and Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis), from a single fly in China. These isolates were characterized through antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assays, whole-genome sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. M. odoratimimus showed intrinsic resistance to carbapenems. The mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in E. coli, P. manganoxydans, and P. mirabilis were due to the production of NDM-5, NDM-1 and NDM-1, respectively. Genetic context of the blaNDM genes in these three isolates varied. The blaNDM-5 gene in E. coli was located on an IncHI2/HI2A multidrug-resistant plasmid, which was conjugatively transferable. The blaNDM-1 gene in P. mirabilis resided on the pPM14-NDM_123k-like nonconjugative plasmid. The blaNDM-1 gene in P. manganoxydans was found in a nonconjugatively transferable, multidrug-resistant region. The results of this study enhance our understanding of the dissemination of carbapenem-resistant organisms and suggest the need for a more comprehensive approach to antibiotic resistance research encompassing humans, animals, and the environment.
Role of ERα and Aromatase in Juvenile Gigantomastia
Authors: Santen Richard J , Karaguzel Gulay , Livaoglu Murat , Yue Wei , Cline J Mark , Ratan Aakrosh , Sasano Hironobu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Approximately 150 patients with juvenile gigantomastia have been reported in the literature but the underlying biologic mechanisms remain unknown.

Objective
To conduct extensive clinical, biochemical, immunochemical, and genetic studies in 3 patients with juvenile gigantomastia to determine causative biologic factors.

Methods
We examined clinical effects of estrogen by blockading estrogen synthesis or its action. Breast tissue aromatase expression and activity were quantitated in 1 patient and 5 controls. Other biochemical markers, including estrogen receptor α (ERα), cyclin D1 and E, p-RB, p-MAPK, p-AKT, BCL-2, EGF-R, IGF-IR β, and p-EGFR were assayed by Western blot. Immunohistochemical analyses for aromatase, ERα and β, PgR, Ki67, sulfotransferase, estrone sulfatase, and 17βHD were performed in all 3 patients. The entire genomes of the mother, father, and patient in the 3 families were sequenced.

Results
Blockade of estrogen synthesis or action in patients resulted in demonstrable clinical effects. Biochemical studies on fresh frozen tissue revealed no differences between patients and controls, presumably due to tissue dilution from the large proportion of stroma. However, immunohistochemical analysis of ductal breast cells in the 3 patients revealed a high percent of ERα (64.1% ± 7.8% vs reference women 9.6%, range 2.3-15%); aromatase score of 4 (76%-100% of cells positive vs 30.4% ± 5.6%); PgR (69.5% ± 15.2% vs 6.0%, range 2.7%-11.9%) and Ki67 (23.7% ± 0.54% vs 4.2%). Genetic studies were inconclusive although some intriguing variants were identified.

Conclusion
The data implicate an important biologic role for ERα to increase tissue sensitivity to estrogen and aromatase to enhance local tissue production as biologic factors involved in juvenile gigantomastia.
The Spillover Effects of Capacity Pooling in Hospitals
Authors: Lim Jong Myeong , Song Hummy , Yang Julius J. 
Published: January 2024

Off-service placement is a common capacity-pooling strategy that hospitals utilize to address mismatches in supply and demand that arise from the day-to-day variation in patient demand. This strategy involves placing patients in a bed in a unit that is designated for another specialty service. Building on prior work that documents the negative first order effects of off-service placement on patients who are placed off service themselves, we quantify the spillover effects of this practice on patients who are actually placed on service. Using an estimation strategy that combines the Heckman correction procedure and a heteroskedasticity-based identification approach, we find that off-service placement has substantial negative spillover effects on the efficiency of care delivered to on-service patients. In particular, we find that a 10 percentage point increase in the level of off-service placement during a patient’s hospitalization is associated with a 10.9% increase in length of stay. Through a series of counterfactual analyses, we propose alternate routing and capacity-planning policies that could meaningfully improve the efficiency of care in the inpatient setting. This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management. Funding: This work was supported by Claude Marion Endowed Faculty Scholar Award; Fishman-Davidson Center for Service and Operations Management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02202 .
Synergistic monitoring of PM2.5 and CO2 based on active and passive remote sensing fusion during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics
Authors: Wang Shuaibo , Xu Wentao , Chen Sijie , Xu Chengkang , Li Weize , Cheng Chonghui , Deng Jiesong , Liu Dong 
Published: January 2024

Green and low-carbon are the keywords of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games (WOG) and the core of sustainable development. Beijing’s PM2.5 and CO2 emissions attracted worldwide attention during WOG. However, the complex emission sources and frequently changing weather patterns make it impossible for a single monitoring approach to meet the high-resolution, full-coverage monitoring requirements. Therefore, we proposed an active–passive remote sensing fusion method to address this issue. The haze layer height (HLH) was first retrieved from vertical aerosol profiles measured by our high-spectral-resolution lidar located near Olympic venues, which provides new insights into the nonuniform boundary layer and the residual aerosol aloft above it. Second, we developed a bootstrap aggregating (bagging) method that assimilates the lidar-based HLH, satellite-based AOD, and meteorological data to estimate the hourly PM2.5 with 1 km resolution. The PM2.5 at Beijing region, Bird’s Nest, and Yanqing venues during WOG was 23.00±18.33, 22.91±19.48, and 16.33±10.49µg/m3, respectively. Third, we also derived the CO2 enhancements, CO2 spatial gradients resulting from human activities, and annual growth rate (AGR) to estimate the performance of carbon emission management in Beijing. Based on the top-down method, the results showed an average CO2 enhancement of 1.62 ppm with an annual decline rate of 2.92 ppm. Finally, we compared the monitoring data with six other international cities. The results demonstrated that Beijing has the largest PM2.5 annual decline rate of 7.43µg/m3, while the CO2 AGR is 1.46 ppm and keeps rising, indicating Beijing is still on its way to carbon peaking and needs to strive for carbon neutrality.