bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curved grid‐scored foam core sandwich composites under low‐velocity impact loads: Effects of curvature, stacking sequence, and core finishing
Authors: Balıkoğlu Fatih 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to experimentally investigate how material and geometric parameters, including face sheet layup, curvature, and core finishing, affect the contact force‐displacement behavior, absorbed energy, and damage modes of curved sandwich composites with grid‐scored foam under low‐velocity impact loads. An instrumented drop‐weight testing machine with a hemispherical impactor was used to perform low‐velocity impact tests at different energy levels. Angled‐ply stacking had the maximum contact force and impact resistance for low curvature radii. In the event of penetration, the impact energy absorption of all curved sandwich panels increased as the curvature increased. The core finishing influenced the contact forces of the curved and flat sandwich panels but not the penetration energy. The curvature and face sheet layups affected the delamination size and pattern. Angle‐ply and cross‐ply face sheets with the smallest and maximum radius of curvature, respectively, decreased penetration depth. The resin‐filled channels reduced foam cell impact damage and face‐core debonding. LVI penetration resistance was found to be highest for angle‐ply stacking and knife‐cut foam at small curvature radii. The proposed research will also provide naval designers with valuable insight into the impact response of sandwich structures used in curved parts of the hull and deck.Highlights
The effect of curvature on the LVI responses varied due to face sheet layups.
Core finishing affected contact forces, but not the absorbed energy.
Curvature and face sheet layups affected the damage modes.
Resin‐filled channels limited damage area and acted as stoppers for debonding.
Theorie der Soziologie gemeinsamen Musizierens
Authors: Vollmer Theresa 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Promotion widmet sich der soziologischen Perspektivierung gemeinsamen Musizierens, die anhand der empirischen Untersuchung der Streichensembles vorgenommen wird. Die Wahl des Forschungsgegenstandes ist durch grundlagen- wie sozialtheoretische Erkenntnisinteressen inspiriert, die einen Beitrag zu einer beinahe anthropologischen Fragestellung leisten soll: „Wie koordinieren sich Menschen körperlich und zeichenhaft?“. Letztgenannte ist derart grundlegend formuliert, dass sie im Grunde jede Art der zwischenmenschlichen Begegnung adressiert.
Die Ethnographie der Streichensembles. Zu Wissen, Hörwelt und Klangwelt gemeinsamen Musizierens
Authors: Vollmer Theresa 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel V widmet sich der Darstellung der Ethnographie der Streichensembles. Dieselbe ist in zwei Teile untergliedert.
Die HörKlangwelt der Soziologie gemeinsamen Musizierens
Authors: Vollmer Theresa 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Forschungsfrage der Ethnographie gemeinsamen Musizierens lautet: „Wie machen Klassisch ausgebildete Musiker:innen mit ihren Instrumenten und Noten gemeinsam Musik in Streichensembles und erleben sie dabei?“ In diesem Kapitel werden die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung zusammengetragen und integriert, um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten.
Evaluative audiometry after cochlear implant provision
Authors: Dziemba Oliver C. , Merz Stephan , Hocke Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
One of the main treatment goals in cochlear implant (CI) patients is to improve speech perception. One of the target parameters is speech intelligibility in quiet. However, treatment results show a high variability, which has not been sufficiently explained so far. The aim of this noninterventional retrospective study was to elucidate this variability using a selected population of patients in whom etiology was not expected to have a negative impact on postoperative speech intelligibility.

Materials and methods
Audiometric findings of the CI follow-up of 28 adult patients after 6 months of CI experience were evaluated. These were related to the preoperative audiometric examination and evaluated with respect to a recently published predictive model for the postoperative monosyllabic score.

Results
Inclusion of postoperative categorical loudness scaling and hearing loss for Freiburg numbers in the model explained 55% of the variability in fitting outcomes with respect to monosyllabic word recognition.

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that much of the cause of variability in fitting outcomes can be captured by systematic postoperative audiometric checks. Immediate conclusions for CI system fitting adjustments may be drawn from these results. However, the extent to which these are accepted by individual patients and thus lead to an improvement in outcome must be subject of further studies, preferably prospective.
In Search of Mercury Lost from Sediments in a Previously Contaminated Coastal Area, Harboøre Tange, Denmark
Authors: Bjerregaard Poul , Jensen Christina Lisby , Juhl Anna Victoria Rode , Markussen Alexander Jacob Rahbek , Poulsen Sanne Ravnholt 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConcentrations of mercury in sediment and benthic invertebrate fauna of Nissum Broad, North-western Jutland, Denmark were investigated. The western coast of Nissum Broad is Harboøre Tange, along which heavy mercury contamination - caused by discharge from production of mercury containing seed dressers in the 1950 and 1960s – was documented in the 1980s. Recent investigations showed marked decreases in mercury contamination in the near shore sediments along Harboøre Tange since the 1980s and the present investigation was initiated to learn if the loss of mercury from Harboøre Tange had led to an increased mercury contamination in the neighbouring marine area, Nissum Broad. Mercury concentrations in the surface sediment correlated with the content of organic matter and the slope of the regression is a good indicator for the degree of mercury contamination. Average mercury concentrations in the upper 5 cm of the sediments ranged between 0.9 and 71 ng g− 1 dry weight (dw) with only 1 station exceeding the Background Assessment Concentration of 70 ng g− 1 dw. Average mercury concentrations in blue mussels Mytilus edulis (169–260 ng g− 1 dw) and periwinkles Littorina littorea (66–203 ng g− 1 dw) exceeded those in uncontaminated areas and the Environmental Quality Standard of approximately 100 ng g− 1 dw. Present sediment mercury concentrations in Nissum Broad are approximately half of what they were in the 1980s, rendering it unlikely that mercury lost from Harboøre Tange has been deposited there. Sediment and organism concentrations did not show any correlation.
Image‐based robotic‐arm assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty provides high survival and good‐to‐excellent clinical outcomes at minimum 10 years follow‐up
Authors: Zambianchi Francesco , Seracchioli Stefano , Franceschi Giorgio , Cuoghi Costantini Riccardo , Malatesta Alessandro , Barbo Giovanni , Catani Fabio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the present study was to determine the incidence of revision and report on clinical outcomes at a minimum of 10 years follow‐up in patients who had received a medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with an three‐dimensional image‐based robotic system.MethodsA total of 239 patients (247 knees), who underwent medial robotic‐arm assisted (RA)‐UKA at a single center between April 2011 and June 2013, were assessed. The mean age at surgery was 67.0 years (SD 8.4). Post‐operatively, patients were administered the Forgotten Joint Score‐12 (FJS‐12) and asked about their satisfaction (from 1 to 5). Post‐operative complications were recorded. Failure mechanisms, revisions and reoperations were collected. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were calculated, considering revision as the event of interest.ResultsA total of 188 patients (196 knees) were assessed at a mean follow‐up of 11.1 years (SD 0.5, range 10.0–11.9), resulting in a 79.4% follow‐up rate. Seven RA‐UKA underwent revision, resulting in a survivorship rate of 96.4% (CI 94.6%–99.2%). Causes of revision included aseptic loosening (2 cases), infection (1 case), post‐traumatic (1 case), and unexplained pain (3 cases). The mean FJS‐12 and satisfaction were 82.2 (SD 23.9) and 4.4 (SD 0.9), respectively. Majority of cases (174/196, 88.8%) attained the Patient Acceptable Symptoms State (PASS, FJS‐12 > 40.63). Male subjects had a higher probability of attaining a “forgotten joint” (p < 0.001) and high satisfaction (equal to 5, p < 0.05), when compared to females.ConclusionsThree‐dimensional image‐based RA‐UKA demonstrated high implant survivorship and good‐to‐excellent clinical outcomes at minimum 10 years follow‐up. Pain of unknown origin represented the most common reason for RA‐UKA revision.Level of evidenceIII.
IL-10 plus the EASIX score predict bleeding events after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy
Authors: Wang Xindi , Li Chenggong , Luo Wenjing , Zhang Yinqiang , Huang Zhongpei , Xu Jia , Mei Heng , Hu Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell-associated coagulopathy can cause bleeding events. To explore risk factors for hemorrhage after CAR T-cell therapy, we retrospectively analyzed routine indicators in 56 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy. Disturbance of coagulation occurred mainly within one month post infusion, especially on day 7 and 14. The cumulative incidence of bleeding events within one month was 32.8%, with the median onset of 7 (range, 0–28) days. All bleeding events were grade 1–3. Patients who experienced bleeding events within one month had longer prothrombin time, higher IL-6, higher IL-10, and lower platelets before lymphodepletion. There were also correlations among coagulation-, inflammatory-, and tumor burden-related markers. Multi-variate analysis showed IL-10 (> 7.98 pg/mL; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 13.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.03–94.36; P = 0.007) and the endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX, defined as dehydrogenase [U/L] × creatinine [mg/dL] / platelets [×109 cells/L]; >7.65; adjusted OR, 7.06; 95% CI, 1.03–48.23; P = 0.046) were significant risk factors for bleeding events. IL-10 plus the EASIX defined three risk groups for bleeding events with cumulative incidence of 100% (hazard ratio [HR], 14.47; 95% CI, 2.78–75.29; P < 0.0001), 38.5% (HR, 3.68; 95% CI, 0.82–16.67; P = 0.089), and 11.8% (reference), respectively. Future studies are needed to verify the risk assessment models for bleeding events after CAR T-cell treatment in larger cohorts.
Health inequalities among young workers: the mediating role of working conditions and company characteristics
Authors: Reuter Marvin , Pischke Claudia R. , Rigo Mariann , Diehl Katharina , Spallek Jacob , Richter Matthias , Hövener Claudia , Dragano Nico 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Few studies have investigated health inequalities among young workers. The objectives of this study are to assess the extent of health inequalities in a sample of job starters and to explore the contribution of job demands and organisational factors.

Methods
We analyze data from the BIBB/BAuA Youth Employment Survey 2012. The cross-sectional survey includes a representative sample of 3214 German employees, apprentices, and trainees aged 15–24 years. Individuals were grouped by their years of schooling into low (< 12 years) and high levels of education (≥ 12 years). Regression analysis estimated the link between education and four health outcomes: self-rated health, number of health events, musculoskeletal symptoms, and mental health problems over the last 12 months. Counterfactual mediation analysis tested for indirect effects of education via working conditions (i.e., physical and psychosocial job demands) and company characteristics (i.e., company size, health prevention measures, financial situation, downsizing). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, nationality, region, working hours, job tenure, employment relationship, and economic sector.

Results
Highly educated workers reported better self-rated health (b = 0.24, 95% CI 0.18–0.31) and lower numbers of health events (Rate Ratio (RR) = 0.74, 95% CI 0.67–0.82), musculoskeletal symptoms (RR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.66–0.80) and mental health problems (RR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.76–0.93). Total job demands explained between 21.6% and 87.2% of the educational differences (depending on health outcome). Unfavourable company characteristics were associated with worse health, but showed no or only small mediation effects.

Conclusions
Health inequalities are already present at the early working career due to socio-economically stratified working hazards. To enhance prevention measures that aim at reducing inequalities in workplace health, we propose shifting attention towards earlier stages of life.
Epigenetic modifications evidenced by isolation of proteins on nascent DNA and immunofluorescence in hydroxyurea-treated root meristem cells of Vicia faba
Authors: Żabka Aneta , Gocek Natalia , Polit Justyna Teresa , Maszewski Janusz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Main conclusion
By implementation of the iPOND technique for plant material, changes in posttranslational modifications of histones were identified in hydroxyurea-treated root meristem cells of Vicia.

Abstract
Replication stress (RS) disrupts or inhibits replication forks and by altering epigenetic information of the newly formed chromatin can affect gene regulation and/or spatial organisation of DNA. Experiments on Vicia faba root meristem cells exposed to short-term treatment with 3 mM hydroxyurea (HU, an inhibitor of DNA replication) were aimed to understand epigenetic changes related to RS. To achieve this, the following histone modifications were studied using isolation of proteins on nascent DNA (iPOND) technique (for the first time on plant material) combined with immunofluorescence labeling: (i) acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 56 (H3K56Ac), (ii) acetylation of histone H4 at Lys 5 (H4K5Ac), and (iii) phosphorylation of histone H3 at threonine 45 (H3T45Ph). Certainly, the implementation of the iPOND method for plants may prove to be a key step for a more in-depth understanding of the cell's response to RS at the chromatin level.
A novel reinforcement learning-based reptile search algorithm for solving optimization problems
Authors: Ghetas Mohamed , Issa Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis work proposes a novel reptile search algorithm (RSA) to solve optimization problems called reinforcement reptile search algorithm (RLRSA). The basic RSA performs exploitation through highly walking in the first half of searching process while the exploration phase is executed through the hunting phase in the second half. Therefore, the algorithm is not able to balance exploration and exploitation and this behavior results in trapping in local optima. A novel learning method based on reinforcement learning and Q-learning model is proposed to balance the exploitation and exploration phases when the solution starts deteriorating. Furthermore, the random opposite-based learning (ROBL) is introduced to increase the diversity of the population and so enhance the obtained solutions. Twenty-three typical benchmark functions, including unimodal, multimodal and fixed-dimension multimodal functions, were employed to assess the performance of RLRSA. According to the findings, the RLRSA method surpasses the standard RSA approach in the majority of benchmark functions evaluated, specifically in 12 out of 13 unimodal functions, 9 out of 13 multimodal functions, and 8 out of 10 fixed multimodal functions. Furthermore, the RLRSA is applied to vessel solve pressure and tension/compression spring design problems. The results show that RLRSA significantly found the solution with minimum cost. The experimental results reveal the superiority of the RLRSA compared to RSA and other optimization methods in the literature.
Identification of monogenic diabetes in an Australian cohort using the Exeter maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) probability calculator and next-generation sequencing gene panel testing
Authors: De Sousa Sunita M. C. , Wu Kathy H. C. , Colclough Kevin , Rawlings Lesley , Dubowsky Andrew , Monnik Melissa , Poplawski Nicola , Scott Hamish S. , Horowitz Michael , Torpy David J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aims
This study aims to describe the prevalence of monogenic diabetes in an Australian referral cohort, in relation to Exeter maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) probability calculator (EMPC) scores and next-generation sequencing with updated testing where relevant.

Methods
State-wide 5-year retrospective cohort study of individuals referred for monogenic diabetes genetic testing.

Results
After excluding individuals who had cascade testing for a familial variant (21) or declined research involvement (1), the final cohort comprised 40 probands. Incorporating updated testing, the final genetic result was positive (likely pathogenic/pathogenic variant) in 11/40 (27.5%), uncertain (variant of uncertain significance) in 8/40 (20%) and negative in 21/40 (52.5%) participants. Causative variants were found in GCK, HNF1A, MT-TL1 and HNF4A. Variants of uncertain significance included a novel multi-exonic GCK duplication. Amongst participants with EMPC scores ≥ 25%, a causative variant was identified in 37%. Cascade testing was positive in 9/10 tested relatives with diabetes and 0/6 tested relatives with no history of diabetes.

Conclusions
Contemporary genetic testing produces a high yield of positive results in individuals with clinically suspected monogenic diabetes and their relatives with diabetes, highlighting the value of genetic testing for this condition. An EMPC score cutoff of ≥ 25% correctly yielded a positive predictive value of ≥ 25% in this multiethnic demographic. This is the first Australian study to describe EMPC scores in the Australian clinic setting, albeit a biased referral cohort. Larger studies may help characterise EMPC performance between ethnic subsets, noting differences in the expected probability of monogenic diabetes relative to type 2 diabetes.
Generation climate crisis, COVID-19, and Russia–Ukraine-War: global crises and mental health in adolescents
Authors: Lass-Hennemann Johanna , Sopp M. Roxanne , Ruf Norma , Equit Monika , Schäfer Sarah K. , Wirth Benedikt E. , Michael Tanja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate change, COVID-19, and the Russia-Ukraine War are some of the great challenges of our time. These global crises affect young people in a particularly vulnerable phase of their lives. The current study aimed to assess the impact of these crises on mental health (depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life) in secondary school students in Germany. Furthermore, we assessed known predictors of mental health, such as socio-economic factors, individual life stressors, and resilience factors (self-efficacy, expressive flexibility) as covariates. In our sample of 3998 pupils, pandemic- and climate-related distress were linked to greater depression and anxiety and reduced health-related quality of life. War-related distress was associated with greater anxiety. Critically, these associations remained significant after controlling for all covariates, supporting the incremental predictive value of the crises measures. The study reveals a significant impact of the crises on the mental health of the current generation of adolescents. As such it suggests that mental health policies should include interventions that help youth to cope with the stress caused by the crises.
A preliminary model for optimal control of moisture content in unsaturated soils
Authors: Berardi Marco , Difonzo Fabio V. , Guglielmi Roberto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper we introduce an optimal control approach to Richards’ equation in an irrigation framework, aimed at minimizing water consumption while maximizing root water uptake. We first describe the physics of the nonlinear model under consideration, and then develop the first-order necessary optimality conditions of the associated boundary control problem. We show that our model provides a promising framework to support optimized irrigation strategies, thus facing water scarcity in irrigation. The characterization of the optimal control in terms of a suitable relation with the adjoint state of the optimality conditions is then used to develop numerical simulations on different hydrological settings, that support the analytical findings of the paper.
Pseudoreplication in Primate Communication Research: 10 Years On
Authors: Whitehouse J. , Clark P. R. , Micheletta J. , Liebal K. , Slocombe K. E. , Waller B. M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPseudoreplication is the statistical error of collecting numerous datapoints from a single unit (such as an individual), which are not independent, and applying statistical methods that assume independence of data. Importantly, pseudoreplication increases the chances of Type 1 errors (i.e., false positives), bringing findings and conclusions based on pseudoreplicated analyses into question. Ten years ago, Waller et al. (2013) published a paper highlighting the prevalence of statistical pseudoreplication throughout the nonhuman primate communication literature. In this current study, we examined the literature published since the original publication (between 2009 and 2020; 348 papers) to assess whether pseudoreplication is still as widespread as it was, if it has become more problematic, or if the field is beginning to overcome this issue. We find that there has been a significant decrease in pseudoreplication over the past ten years (38.6% then, compared with 23.0% now). This reduction in pseudoreplication appears to be associated with an increase in the use of multilevel models throughout primatology (which allow for nonindependent data to be nested appropriately). Pseudoreplication was historically more prevalent in research using observational (vs. experimental) methods and those working with wild (vs. captive) primates. However, these biases do not seem to exist in more recent literature with a more comparable likelihood of pseudoreplication seen across the field regardless of methods. Although these current findings relate specifically to primate communication research, we think they will translate broadly across nonhuman communication research, and throughout biology. We continue to emphasise the need to monitor these issues, as although now seen at much lower rates, pseudoreplication is still present and therefore potentially impacting the accuracy of findings.
Regularising Inverse Problems with Generative Machine Learning Models
Authors: Duff M. A. G. , Campbell N. D. F. , Ehrhardt M. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeep neural network approaches to inverse imaging problems have produced impressive results in the last few years. In this survey paper, we consider the use of generative models in a variational regularisation approach to inverse problems. The considered regularisers penalise images that are far from the range of a generative model that has learned to produce images similar to a training dataset. We name this familygenerative regularisers. The success of generative regularisers depends on the quality of the generative model and so we propose a set of desired criteria to assess generative models and guide future research. In our numerical experiments, we evaluate three common generative models, autoencoders, variational autoencoders and generative adversarial networks, against our desired criteria. We also test three different generative regularisers on the inverse problems of deblurring, deconvolution, and tomography. We show that restricting solutions of the inverse problem to lie exactly in the range of a generative model can give good results but that allowing small deviations from the range of the generator produces more consistent results. Finally, we discuss future directions and open problems in the field.