bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a highly vulnerable population of Brazil: results from a household longitudinal study
Authors: Coelho Lara , Luz Paula , Pires Débora , Jalil Emilia , Perazzo Hugo , Torres Thiago , CARDOSO SANDRA , Peixoto Eduardo , Nazer Sandro , Massad Eduardo , de Carvalho Luiz Max , Requia Weeberb , Motta Fernando , Siqueira Marilda , Vasconcelos Ana Tereza , Fonseca Guilherme da , Cavalcante Liliane , Costa Carlos , Amancio Rodrigo , Villela Daniel , Pereira Tiago , Goedert Guilherme , Santos Cleber , Rodrigues Nadia , Bormann Breno Augusto , Csillag Daniel , Grinsztejn Beatriz , Veloso Valdilea , Struchiner Claudio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

We estimated within/extra-household SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and associated factors in a household cohort study in one of the most vulnerable neighborhoods in Rio de Janeiro city. Individuals ≥1 years-old with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in the past 30 days (index cases) and eligible household contacts were enrolled (Nov/2020-Dec/2021) and followed at 14 and 28 days. RT-PCR testing, COVID-19 symptoms, and SARS-CoV-2 serologies were ascertained in all visits. Chain binomial household transmission models were fitted using data from 2,024 individuals (593 households). Extra-household infection risk was 74.2% (95% credible interval [CrI] 70.3 - 77.8), while within-household infection risk was 11.4% (95%CrI 5.7 - 17.2). Vaccination reduced both within/extra-household infection risks. Within-household infection risk was higher among participants aged 10-19 years, from overcrowded households, and with low family income. Contrastingly, extra-household infection risk was higher among participants aged 20-29 years, unemployed, and public transportation users.
Ultrasound-triggered immunogenic nanotherapeutics for optimizing osteosarcoma therapy by enhancement of tumor microenvironment responsive delivery
Authors: Li Zihua , Liu Kaiyuan , Ye Zhanhui , Chen Qingjing , Song Yixian , Lu Hengli , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yiwei , Ma Xiaoyi , Zan Pengfei , Yang Yunfeng , Shang Anquan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In osteosarcoma, the efficacy of immune-checkpoint blockade immunotherapy is hindered by low immunogenicity and limited T-cell infiltration and thus, triggering robust antitumor immune responses has become a pivotal goal in cancer therapy. Herein, we design a novel approach to promote immune responses by combining immune checkpoint therapy with a newly developed nanoplatform for sonodynamic therapy. The study involved the attachment of Ce6 photosensitizer to phenylboronic acid -based nanoparticles named Ce6 NPs, which were encapsulated in a hydrogel along with anti-PD-1. As a result, Ce6 NPs@Gel showed active inhibiting tumors in vivo, especially in acidic microenvironments. Upon ultrasound stimulation, the nanoparticles released a large amount of oxygen and damage-associated molecular patterns, triggering immunogenic cell death and enhancing the immunotherapeutic response. This led to an increase in tumor immunogenicity and dendritic cell maturation, ultimately the tumor microenvironment become more infiltrated with cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The Ce6 NPs@Gel formulation demonstrated a significant promotion of immune response and inhibition of tumor growth in mouse models with tumors. This study shows that Ce6 NPs@Gel presents a promising strategy for simultaneous SDT and enhanced immunotherapy against tumors, with potential for clinical translation.
Comprehensive analysis of MAPK gene family in Gossypium hirsutum and functional characterization of GhMPK31 in regulating defense response to insect
Authors: Wang Fuqiu , Liang Sijia , Wang Guanying , Wang Qiongqiong , Xu Zhongping , Li Bo , Fu Chunyang , Fan Yibo , Hu Tianyu , Alariqi Muna , Hussain Amjad , Cao Jinglin Hubei Province , Zhang Xianlong , Jin Shuangxia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a crucial class of protein kinases, which play essential role in various biological processes in plants. Upland cotton (G. hirsutum) is the most widely cultivated cotton species with high economic value. To gain a better understanding of the role of the MAPK gene family, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of MAPK gene family in cotton. In this study, a total of 55 GhMPK genes were identified from the whole genome of G. hirsutum. Through an investigation of the expression patterns under diverse stress conditions, we discovered that the majority of GhMPK family members demonstrated robust responses to abiotic stress, pathogen stress, and pest stress. Furthermore, the overexpression of GhMPK31 in cotton leaves led to a hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death phenotype and impaired the defense capability of cotton against herbivorous insects. Transcriptome and metabolomics data analysis showed that overexpression of GhMPK31 enhanced the expression of H2O2-related genes and reduced the accumulation of defensive related metabolites. The direct evidence of GhMPK31 interacting with GhRBOHB (H2O2 generating protein) were found by Y2H, BiFC and LCI. Therefore, we propose that the increase of H2O2 content caused by overexpression of GhMPK31 resulted in HR-like cell death in cotton leaves while reducing the accumulation of defensive metabolites, ultimately leading to a decrease in the defense ability of cotton against herbivorous insects. This study provides valuable insights into the function of MAPK genes in plant resistance to herbivorous insects.
Hygrothermal behavior of carbon fiber fabric reinforced vinylester resin composite structures
Authors: Gao Jincheng , Li Xu , Wei Jianhui , Zhang Yuheng , Wang Jihui , Ding Anxin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The hygrothermal aging of vinylester resin and its carbon fiber fabric reinforced composite structures are examined here, including moisture absorption and the resulting degradation of mechanical properties. The prepared resin casting and CFRP specimens were immersed into the deionized water and artificial seawater, respectively, at a temperature of 70°C, and weighed regularly along with the observation of surface morphologies using SEM and identification of variations in functional groups using FTIR spectrometer. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of resin and CFRP were checked periodically. The results from gravimetric analysis show that resin immersed in deionized water behaves in non-Fickian diffusion due to strong hydrolysis, while CFRP obeys approximately the Fickian diffusion because of the embedded carbon fiber inhibiting the hydrolysis. The examination of mechanical properties for CFRP reveals that the interlaminar shear strength is influenced by the moisture absorption, with a maximum reduction of 13.5%.
Measuring the Prediction Difficulty of Individual Cases in a Dataset using Machine Learning
Authors: Kwon Hyunjin , Greenberg Matthew , Josephson Colin , Lee Joon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Different levels of prediction difficulty are one of the key factors that researchers encounter when applying machine learning to data. Although previous studies have introduced various metrics for assessing the prediction difficulty of individual cases, these metrics require specific dataset preconditions. Additionally, evaluating these preconditions in real-world datasets can be challenging due to their diversity and complexity. In this paper, we propose three novel metrics for measuring the prediction difficulty of individual cases using fully-connected feedforward neural networks. The new metrics are designed to be universal metrics capable of calculating prediction difficulty in any dataset. The first metric is based on the complexity of the neural network needed to make a correct prediction. The second metric employs a pair of neural networks: one makes a prediction for a given case, and the other predicts whether the prediction made by the first model is likely to be correct. The third metric assesses the variability of the neural network’s predictions. We investigated these metrics using a variety of datasets, visualized their values, and compared them to existing metrics from the literature. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our metrics across diverse datasets. We expect our metrics will provide researchers with a new perspective on understanding their datasets and applying machine learning in various fields.
S-limonene loaded gum Arabic nanoparticles displayed anti-herpes viruses (HSV-1 &amp; HSV-2) and heal wounds properties
Authors: Ahmed Habiba Abdelaziz , Salama Zeinab , Nassrallah Amr 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Essential oils display wide industrial, pharmaceutical and cosmetics applications including food preservation, diseases treatment and antimicrobial agents. Essential oils are composite of a complex various volatile and terpenoid natural bioactive substances. In this study, the anti-herbal virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and wound healing properties of new formulated lemon essential oil derivative S-limonene loaded with gum Arabic were characterized. The physical properties of the new formula exhibited nano-characteristics based on morphological properties using TEM imaging, size using zeta sizer and linkage between gum Arabic (polymer) and s-limonene using FTIR analysis. S-Limonene-NPs exhibited antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 with 73.3 and 56.6%, respectively followed by native s-limonene with 46.6 and 40%, respectively. However, slightly antiviral properties were observed due to gum Arabic-NPs treatment of HSV-1 and HSV-2 with 6.6 and 3.3%, respectively. In another hand, s-limonene-NPs illustrate healing properties against Bj-1 fibroblast cell wound closure after 24 h followed by s-limonene in native form, while no significant effect of gum Arabic-NPs were detected compared to control. In conclusion, the preparation of s-limonene nanoparticles by covering them with gum Arabic showed biological activity as an anti-viral agent and wound healing potential.
Hyperoside Alleviates Macrophage-mediated Neuroinflammation And Oxidative Stress Through Activating PI3K/AKT And Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway Post Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Zhang Qinyang , Liu Xuepeng , Zhu Qing , Xia Min , Li Haijun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a troublesome and destructive disease in the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe sensory and locomotor damage. Neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress are secondary injuries after SCI, and treating SCI to with the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant drug is an effective treatment method. Hyperoside (HYP), a Chinese medicinal herb, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammmation and anti-oxidative pharmacological effects.
Objective
In order to explore whether HYP can alleviate the secondary injury and promote the recovery of motor function after SCI.
Methods
Neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress were detected by western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) both in vitro and in vivo. HYP (10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected into SCI mice in vivo. Basso mouse scale scores and swimming test were performed to evaluate locomotor function recovery of SCI mice. Morphology were assessed by Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl, and Luxol Fast Blue staining following SCI.
Results
HYP decreased the level of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2) and oxidative stress-related indicators (NOX1, NOX2 and NOX4). Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) expression were increased by treating with HYP. Additionally, HYP upregulated transcription factor nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). HYP administration decreased tissue deficiency, alleviated demyelination, protected neural structure and function, and promoted locomotor recovery post SCI.
Conclusion
HYP mitigated macrophage-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by activating the PI3K/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway post SCI. This research revealed that HYP contributed a neuroprotective effect to reduce nervous tissue damage and promoting locomotor recovery after SCI.
The association between gut microbiota and frozen shoulder: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Jiajun , Jiang Xiaofeng , Shen Yaya , Fu Xianzhao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Current understanding of the link between gut microbiota (GM) and frozen shoulder (FS) remains limited. This study employs the R software for a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate their causal relationship.
Method
Our study is based on publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). It utilizes GM data from 18,340 participants as the exposure and FSdata from 451,099 individuals as the outcome. The primary analytical method employed is the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach. Complementary analyses include the weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode methods. Additionally, heterogeneity is assessed using the Cochran Q test. Pleiotropy is evaluated using the MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO analysis. The robustness of our findings is ensured through leave-one-out analysis.
Results
The IVW analysis reveals that certain GM, including Gammaproteobacteria (OR = 0.83, p = 0.019), Bifidobacteriales (OR = 0.85, p = 0.018), Alcaligenaceae (OR = 0.88, p = 0.047), Bifidobacteriaceae (OR = 0.85, p = 0.018), Lachnospiraceae UCG-004 (OR = 0.87, p = 0.038), Lactobacillus (OR = 0.91, p = 0.042), and Ruminococcaceae UCG-003 (OR = 0.83, p = 0.009), act as protective factors against FS. Conversely, Alphaproteobacteria (OR = 1.19, p = 0.007), Peptococcaceae (OR = 1.15, p = 0.028), and Porphyromonadaceae (OR = 1.24, p = 0.016) are identified as risk factors for FS. The reliability of these findings is bolstered by a series of rigorous tests.。
Conclusion
A potential causal link between FS and specific types of GM has been confirmed in the current study.
Modelling and predicting soil carbon sequestration: is current model structure fit for purpose?
Authors: Davoudabadi Mohammad Javad , Pagendam Daniel , Drovandi Christopher , Baldock Jeff , White Gentry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Soil carbon accounting and prediction play a key role in building decision support systems for land managers selling carbon credits, in the spirit of the Paris and Kyoto protocol agreements. Land managers typically rely on computationally complex models fit using sparse datasets to make these accounts and predictions. The model complexity and sparsity of the data can lead to over-fitting, leading to inaccurate results when making predictions with new data. Modellers address over-fitting by simplifying their models and reducing the number of parameters, and in the current context this could involve neglecting some soil organic carbon (SOC) components. In this study, we introduce two novel SOC models and a new RothC-like model and investigate how the SOC components and complexity of the SOC models affect the SOC prediction in the presence of small and sparse time series data. We develop model selection methods that can identify the soil carbon model with the best predictive performance, in light of the available data. Through this analysis we reveal that commonly used complex soil carbon models can over-fit in the presence of sparse time series data, and our simpler models can produce more accurate predictions.
Determinants and relationships of above- and below-ground plant traits in typical marsh wetlands in northern China
Authors: Liu Yifan , Chen Xuan-Zheng , Shao Fei-Fan , Wang Rong , Chen Yu-Han , Luo Fang-Li , Zhu Yao-Jun , Yu Fei-Hai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Plant traits are the results of plant evolutionary and environmental drivers operating at different scales. Although the relationship between above- and below-ground traits of terrestrial plants has been advanced, little is known about above- and below-ground traits of wetland plants, their relationship and influencing factors across a large scale.
Methods
Species coverage, and above- and below-ground plant traits were measured in nine typical marsh wetlands of northern China. Differences in plant traits at both species- and community-level among wetlands and between low and high soil moisture conditions, correlations between above- and below-ground traits of clonal plants, and the influencing environmental factors were analyzed.
Results
Plant traits at both species- and community-level were significantly higher in Daihai and Qingtongxia wetlands than that in other wetlands, which was influenced by combined effects of precipitation, soil nutrients, and temperature. Plant traits at both levels were generally higher under high than low soil moisture conditions. At the species level, the coordinated relationships were found between above- and below-ground traits of clonal plants under both low and high soil moisture conditions across all wetlands; while a trade-off relationship was found between internode diameter and length of clonal plants.
Conclusions
Plant traits exhibited the similar pattern among wetlands at both levels, but performed better at high soil moisture conditions in marsh wetlands. Coordinated relationships between above- and below-ground traits will be further clarified whether such coordination can be also seen in other wetland ecosystems.
Dietary Resveratrol Improves the Flesh Quality of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) by Enhancing Myofiber Growth, Nutrient Accumulation and Antioxidant Capacity
Authors: Yang Shiyong , Zhang Jiajin , Xu Zihan , Shao Wuyuntana , Pang Xiaojian , Li Datian , Huang Xiaoli , Luo Wei , Du Zongjun , Li Yunkun , Wu Jiayun , Du Xiaogang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In aquaculture, sturgeons are generally kept in the confined spaces, which not only restricts sturgeon movement, but also further threatens their flesh quality. As a typical antioxidant, resveratrol has been shown in many studies to improve the meat quality of livestock and poultry. However, the mechanism of resveratrol's effect on the muscle of Siberian sturgeon is still unclear.
Results
In this study, we observed that the myofiber diameter and the expression levels of mTORC1 and MYH9 in muscle were increased after resveratrol was added to the daily diet, indicating that resveratrol may promote muscle growth. In addition, the content of the amino acids in muscle of Siberian sturgeon was increased to some extent after feeding on resveratrol. Moreover, antioxidant capacity markers (CAT, LDH and SOD) levels were increased in muscle after feeding with 0.16 mg/kg of resveratrol. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis displayed that ROS production-related pathways ("Oxidative phosphorylation" and "Chemical carcinogenes-reactive oxygen species") were enriched in KEGG analysis, and the expression levels of genes related to the production of ROS (COX4, COX6A, ATPeF1A, etc) in mitochondria were significantly down-regulated, while the expression levels of genes related to scavenging ROS (SOD1) were up-regulated.
Conclusions
In summary, our study provides an evidence that resveratrol can promote the flesh quality of Siberian sturgeon by enhancing myofiber growth, nutritional value and the antioxidant capacity of muscle, which has certain reference significance for the development of a new type of feed for Siberian sturgeon.
Comparison of substernal and posterior mediastinal route of reconstruction after minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Dat Tran Quang , Thong Dang Quang , Nguyen Doan Thuy , Hai Nguyen Viet , Bac Nguyen Hoang , Long Vo Duy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Substernal (ST) and posterior mediastinal (PM) routes are the two most common for reconstruction after esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis. Recent evidence showed similar outcomes between the routes; thus, the superior choice remained controversial. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of the ST to the PM route for reconstruction after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer (EC).
Method
This retrospective cohort study included 132 patients who underwent McKeown minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) with gastric conduit for EC between March 2015 and December 2022. Among these, eighty-nine and forty-three patients received the ST route and PM route for reconstruction, respectively. Short-term outcomes including operative characteristics, postoperative morbidity, and mortality were evaluated.
Result
There was no conversion from ST to PM route. The ST group had longer operating time (375 mins vs. 341 mins). Oral feeding initiation, postoperative hospital stays, and overall complication rates were comparable in the two groups. The rate and severity of anastomotic leakage were similar between the groups. The ST group had a significantly lower incidence of postoperative ICU admission and pneumonia compared to the PM group (5.6% vs. 16.3% and 19.1% vs. 37.2%, respectively). Azygos vein bleeding, obstruction at feeding jejunostomy site, and conduit–trachea fistula were severe complications that only occurred in PM route.
Conclusion
ST route was superior to PM route in term of postoperative ICU admission and pneumonia. This route may prevent severe complications that only occur in PM route. ST route can be favorable option for reconstruction after McKeown MIE for EC.
Divergent perspectives on the synergistic impacts of thermal-chemical stress on aquatic biota within the framework of climate change scenarios
Authors: Fathy Ragaa Fikry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Climate change, particularly global warming, leads to increased temperatures in aquatic ecosystems, impacting aquatic organisms by altering pollutant toxicity levels. Existing research has mainly focused on chemical stress in aquatic biota, with limited knowledge about how these chemicals interact with climate change, especially elevated temperatures. This review paper examines the potential impacts of thermochemical stress on a broad range of aquatic organisms in both freshwater and marine ecosystems, including vertebrates and invertebrates. The study aims to provide the latest insights into the effects of elevated water temperatures (without chemical stress) and thermochemical stress on various biochemical and physiological processes in aquatic fauna and their significant implications for biodiversity and sustainability. This underscores the pressing need for comprehensive investigations and scientific reports to address this critical environmental issue and develop sustainable solutions, particularly in light of the combined risks posed by anthropogenic pollutants (climate change and chemical pollution).