bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid Ekstrak Kulit Buah Petai (Parkia Speciosa) Asal Bulukumba Secara Spektrofotometer Infra Merah
Authors: Usman Samsidar , Sapitri Julia , Widyastuti Sry 
Published: January 2024

Tanaman petai (Parkia Speciosa) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang melimpah di Indonesia karena tanaman ini mudah tumbuh dimana saja. Diketahui kulit buah petai memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis senyawa flavonoid dalam ekstrak Kulit Buah Petai (Parkia Speciosa) asal Kota Bulukumba. Metode yang di gunakan adalah spektrofotometri infra merah. Hasil Identifkasi senyawa Flavonoid dilakukan dengan teknik pemisahan secara KLT menggunakan cairan pengelusi Klorofom : Metanol : Air (20 : 6 : 1) ekstrak n-Butanol kemudian diKromatografi Lapis Tipis dengan cairan pengelusi Klorofom : Metanol: Air (20 : 6 : 1) diperoleh 1 Fraksi yaitu Fraksi A. Fraksi tersebut menunjukkan masing-masing 1 noda dan diduga sebagai Noda Tunggal. Selanjutnya Fraksi A diukur dengan Spektrofotometri Infra Merah diperoleh gugus O-H, C-C, dan C-H yang merupakan bagian dari struktur senyawa Flavonoid. Dengan demikian kulit buah petai mengandung senyawa flavonoid
Keywords: Kulit Buah Petai (Parkia Speciosa), n-Butanol Spektrofotometri Inframerah

Abstrak
Petai plants (Parkia Speciosa) are one of the most abundant plants in Indonesia because they are easy to grow anywhere,It is known that the skin of the petai fruit has a fairly high antioxidant content. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of flavonoid compounds in the extract of the peel of Petai (Parkia Speciosa) from Bulukumba Regency. The method used is infrared spectrophotometry. Results Identification of flavonoid compounds was carried out by separation technique using TLC using Chlorophome: Methanol: Water (20: 6: 1) extract of n-Butanol then Thin Layer Chromatography with Chlorophome: Methanol: Water (20: 6: 1) elution fluid obtained 1 The fraction is Faction A. The fractions showed 1 stain each and were suspected as a single stain. Furthermore, fraction A was measured by Infrared Spectrophotometry, obtained O-H, C-C, and C-H groups which are part of the structure of the Flavonoid compound. Thus, the skin of the petai fruit contains flavonoid compounds.
Kata Kunci: Petai Fruit Skin (Parkia Speciosa), n-Butanol Infrared Spectrophotometry
Isolation and Toxicity Test of Chitosan from Green Mussels (Perna viridis L.) With Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method
Authors: Ridwanto Ridwanto , Pratiwi Audry , Rani Zulmai 
Published: January 2024

Green Mussels (Perna viridis L.) is one of Indonesia's fishery resources. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity level of chitosan from green clam shells (Perna viridis L.) by looking at the LC50 value tested on the BSLT method. This study included isolation of chitin and chitosan: deproteination, demineralization, depigmentation and deacetylation of chitin into chitosan, chitosan characterization, FTIR, and chitosan Toxicity Test using the BSLT method to see the number of deaths of Artemia salina L larvae obtained data (LC50). The results showed that the Chitosan Green Clam Shell (Perna viridis L.) had an LC50 of 4369.1806 ?g/mL. The results showed that green clam shell chitosan (Perna viridis L.) was non-toxic (LC50 > 1000 ?g/mL) in the BSLT test.
Keywords: BSLT, Chitosan, Shellfish, Toxicity Test
Pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral insufficiency in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Быков Ю.В. 
Published: January 2024

Сахарный диабет (СД) 1 типа стартует в раннем возрасте, поэтому особую тревогу вызывают его осложнения, связанные с нарушениями нормального развития организма ребёнка, в частности – нарушения развития головного мозга и формирование церебральной недостаточности (ЦН). Несмотря на высокую частоту проявлений ЦН в клинической практике, этиология и патофизиологические механизмы данного осложнения СД 1 типа остаются недостаточно изученными, и потому их исследование является актуальным направлением современной нейробиологии и эндокринологии. С точки зрения патогенеза данного заболевания считается, что что важную роль в развитии ЦН при СД 1 типа играют дисгликемия (т.е. собственно СД), а также дисфункция нервной и сосудистой систем. В данном обзоре рассмотрены некоторые возможные механизмы формирования ЦН при СД 1 типа.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) starts at an early age, so its complications associated with impaired normal development of the child’s body impaired brain development and the formation of cerebral insufficiency (CI). Despite the high frequency of CI manifestations in clinical practice, the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of this type 1 DM complication remain insufficiently studied, and therefore their study is an important area of modern neurobiology and endocrinology. From the point of view of the pathogenesis of this disease, it is believed that dysglycemia (i.e., diabetes proper), as well as dysfunction of the nervous and vascular systems, play an important role in the development of cirrhosis in type 1 diabetes. This review considers some possible mechanisms of CI formation in type 1 DM.
SOCIO-CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND INFANT FEEDING PRACTICES IN NIGER
Authors: Issoufou Kapran Maimouna , Farris Alisha , Wijayatunga Nadeeja Niranjalie , Valliant Melinda , Mann Georgianna 
Published: December 2023

Background
Niger has one of the lowest exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates in the world. Prelacteal feeding practices may contribute to low EBF rates, but research on the barriers related to EBF in Niger is limited.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to identify socio-cultural determinants for, and barriers to, EBF during an infant’s first 6 months through maternal perspectives in Niamey, the capital of Niger.
Methods
Participants were mothers with children aged 0 to 24 months in Niamey, Niger. Participants completed an interview including a 20-item questionnaire on socio-demographics, breastfeeding support and knowledge, a short food security survey, and a 24-hour diet recall. Infant anthropometric data (height, weight, upper arm circumference) was collected from patient records.
Results
All participants (n=31) breastfed and a majority of the mothers were planning to breastfeed until the child reached 18 months old. No mother among the participants practiced EBF for the recommended 6 months because of the common practice of prelacteal feeding, where solid or liquid foods were introduced before 6 months of age. Most participants stated that they were instructed on how to feed their child by a close relative such as their mother or sister, while health professionals rarely gave such instructions.
Conclusions
Exclusive breastfeeding is not a common practice among mothers in Niamey. Even though many breastfeed their infant for a relatively long duration, the participants disclosed that they often feed their infants solid and liquid foods before they reach the recommended age for complementary feeding, and sometimes within 48 hours after birth. Study results may inform the development of breastfeeding education components in clinics where mothers attend pre and postnatal consultations.
POLÍTICAS AVALIATIVAS E INDICADORES DE QUALIDADE: REPERCUSSÕES NO TRABALHO DOCENTE
Authors: Henn Dutra Marília , Aita Ivo Andressa , Sales Jacques Juliana 
Published: December 2023

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender as repercussões dos indicadores de qualidade que emergem do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB) no plano de ações docente do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental das escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Santa Maria - RS. Para tanto, em movimento de pesquisa qualitativa, analisaram-se dados de duas escolas municipais, que participaram e tiveram seus resultados divulgados, nas últimas cinco edições do SAEB, correspondente aos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Em cada escola, realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada com uma professora do quinto ano. A partir de seus discursos, emergiram a seguinte grande categoria e suas subcategorias: Repercussões do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental no trabalho docente; com as subcategorias: marcos da pandemia, performatividade, estreitamento curricular, reducionismo curricular, SAEB, gestão escolar e diálogo da gestão educacional. Como aporte teórico foram utilizados autores como Willmott (1992), Lück (2009), Ball (2005 e 2010), entre outros. Assim, a partir da análise dos dados em interlocução com a base teórica, pode-se compreender que as tecnologias de controle e performáticas fazem parte da realidade vivenciada por docentes e perpassam as práticas pedagógicas, que são modificadas e influenciadas para alcançar índices de avaliações externas.
To study the prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus as a high–risk factor in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting on a beating heart
Authors: Sas С. S. , Rudenko S. A. 
Published: January 2024

Objective. To study the prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus in patients with coronary heart disease who are to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting on a beating heart.
Materials and methods. The study included 991 patients: 786 (79.3%) men and 205 (20.7%) women aged 39 to 84 years, with a mean age of (64.3 ± 1.4) years. Men were aged 39 to 84 years, with a mean age of (62.7 ± 1.7) years, and women were aged 44 to 82 years, with a mean age of (66.0 ± 2.4) years. All study participants underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in the period from 2018 to 2021. The frequency of type II diabetes mellitus in different clinical groups of the study was analysed, taking into account its clinical course, compensation status and patient gender. Statistically, the data were processed using the χ² criterion with the Yates correction.
Results. It was found that the incidence of type II diabetes mellitus is 2.5 times higher in patients with coronary heart disease than in the general population. The prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus is statistically significantly higher in women with two and three or more coronary arteries.
Conclusions. The annual reports of the International Diabetes Federation and numerous scientific studies on type II diabetes mellitus prove that this pathology is extremely common, creates a risk of coronary heart disease, complicates its course, treatment and rehabilitation of patients. A statistical analysis of the prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus showed that in the cohort of patients to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting on a beating heart, it is statistically significantly more common in women with two and three or more coronary arteries affected.
Penanaman Sikap Siritual Dalam Peningkatan Literasi Kebencanaan Melalui Fenomena Kebumian dan Antariksa
Authors: Saminan Nurul Fajri , Suhandi Andi , Kaniawati Ida , Riandi Riandi , Khairul Muhammad , Saminan Saminan , Syafrizal Syafrizal 
Published: January 2024

Fenomena kebumian dan antariksa adalah sumber inspirasi besar untuk pendidikan. Memahami bencana dan mempersiapkan diri sangat penting dalam menghadapi situasi darurat. Literasi kebencanaan memberikan pemahaman tentang risiko bencana, langkah-langkah persiapan, dan tindakan yang harus diambil ketika bencana terjadi. Penanaman sikap spiritual dapat memberikan ketenangan dan kekuatan batin yang dibutuhkan dalam menghadapi krisis. Pengembangan pola pikir spiritual dapat memberi orang ketenangan batin dan kekuatan yang mereka butuhkan ketika menghadapi bencana. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan mahasiswa terhadap penanaman sikap spiritual dalam peningkatan literasi kebencanaan melalui fenomena kebumian dan antariksa. Kebutuhan ini termasuk salah satu kegiatan dalam perkuliahan IPBA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif eksploratif dengan subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa pendidikan fisika semester 4. Data penelitian diperoleh dari kegiatan observasi awal dan pengisian angket kebutuhan terhadap penanaman sikap spiritual yang diinginkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa membutuhkan penanaman sikap spiritual dalam perkuliahan IPBA sehingga dengan adanya penanaman sikap spiritual akan meningkatkan literasi kebencanaan. Mahasiswa membutuhkan sajian fenomena kebumian dan antariksa untuk penanaman sikap spiritual dan peningkatan literasi kebencanaan.
Uji Empiris Kesetaraan Hasil Teknologi Pengenalan Wajah dan Hasil Survei untuk Mengidentifikasi Tingkat Kepuasan Pelanggan
Authors: Sukwadi Ronald , Silitonga Riana Magdalena , Inderawati M.M. Wahyuni , Kusuma Veryan 
Published: December 2023

Kepuasan pelanggan menjadi salah satu faktor kunci penting dalam kesuksesan sebuah bisnis. Kuesioner merupakan instrumen yang populer untuk mengukur tingkat kepuasan pelanggan. Namun penggunaan kuesioner memiliki beberapa kelemahan seperti tidak dapat melihat reaksi responden dalam menjawab, jawaban responden yang asal-asalan, dan membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama untuk mengumpulkan dan mengolahnya. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan uji empiris penggunaan teknologi face recognition sebagai instrumen alternatif untuk mengukur tingkat kepuasan pelanggan dan membandingkannya dengan hasil survei kuesioner. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah 30 orang pelanggan Le Café. Atribut layanan yang digunakan mengadopsi dari dimensi kualitas layanan DINESERV. Software face reader online digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi emosi/ekspresi seseorang dengan menganalisis fitur wajah. Selanjutnya, model importance satisfaction (IS) digunakan memperbaiki atribut layanan yang perlu ditingkatkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat akurasi face reader online untuk mengukur tingkat kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 59%. Sedangkan atribut-atribut layanan Le Café yang perlu ditingkatkan antara lain suasana ruangan, keamanan, respons pramusaji, konsistensi pada kebersihan serta kecepatan dan ketepatan pramusaji dalam melayani pelanggan, serta meja serta kursi yang lebih ergonomis.
Queer Reproductive Decision-Making in Saskatoon
Authors: Jack Jessica 
Published: December 2023

This article is a plain writing summary of a master’s thesis researched and written in the Department of Archaeology and Anthropology at the University of Saskatchewan between 2020-2023. This thesis examined how eighteen queer people living in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan made their reproductive decisions during the COVID-19 pandemic by asking what meanings do queer people in Saskatoon find in their reproductive decision-making processes, and how do those meanings influence those processes during the COVID-19 pandemic? Three themes emerged from these interviews. The first was how queer family structures are formed, including an analysis of the nuclear family and the ways that approach does or does not work for queer families and the gendered problems queer people face when contemplating pregnancy. The second centres on safety, with people born and raised in Saskatchewan prioritizing social safety and people born in different, sometimes less queer-supporting countries prioritizing physical safety when making reproductive decisions. The third is the relationship between COVID-19 and place, dissecting how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the meanings of place through social distancing and isolation, and how the space between places (i.e., travel and remote connection software like Zoom) has changed meaning during this pandemic. This research has implications for informing institutional responses to Canada’s declining population levels and to better support queer people in making their reproductive decisions.
The enlargement of painted spiny lobster (<i>Panulirus versicolor</i>) uses different feed ingredients
Authors: Anshar Anshar , Rakhfid Abdul , Mosriula Mosriula , Samsibar Samsibar , Karyawati Karyawati , Sabara Ali 
Published: January 2024

Development of lobster cultivation activities in Muna regency relatively not optimal. Availability of feed is be expected to be an obstacle in the development of lobster cultivation. This Research aims to determine the effect of feed ingredients on growth and survival of spiny lobster (Panulirus versicolor). The Research was conducted in December 2017 to March 2018, located in Bahari Village, Towea District, Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province using a randomized block design with three levels of feed ingredients treatment namely treatment A = blood clam meat, treatment B = white shrimp and treatment C = trash fish. The results showed that the highest specific growth rate was obtained in treatment A which was 1.69 ± 0.09 %/day, then treatment C (1.13±0.09 %/day), and the in lowest treatment B (1.09±0,06 %/day). The highest absolute growth was obtained in treatment A of 606.67 ± 15,28 g/individual then treatment C was 336.67±15,28 g/individual and the lowest was in treatment B of 300.00±10.00 g/individual. Survival of sea lobster is 100% in all three treatments. Analysis of variance at the 95% confidence level (α0.05) showed that different feed ingredients had a significantly different effect on the daily growth rate, and the absolute growth of sea lobsters (P. versicolor).
The Implementation of Rewards and Punishment on the Students' Motivation in English Learning at Junior High School of SMPN 7 Mataram Academic Year 2022/2023
Authors: Viana Sulis , Junaidi Ahmad , Saputra Agus 
Published: December 2023

This research aimed to find out the implementation of rewards and punishment on the students’ motivation in English learning at eighth grade students’ of SMPN 7 Mataram in academic year 2022/2023. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The sampling technique consisted purposive sampling, which included 4 English teachers, and 40 students. The data was collected involved observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The researcher utilized data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion as analysis techniques. The results showed that the teachers respond positively to the students who showed a lack of motivation by conducting monitoring students’ behavior and their participation during learning process. Rewards and punishment were applied should be consider the condition and situation occurred in the classroom. Meanwhile, the teachers applied punishment by understanding the characteristics of each student so they did not feel uncomfortable, or disturbed their psychological. giving rewards made the students more diligent was 70%. 95% students were happy with rewards. Meanwhile, 87.5% students more responsible, and 82.5% students obey the rules and behave well. Therefore, it can be inferred that learning motivation has increased, and the students’ undesirable behavior has decreased.
Ragam Bahan Untuk Pembuatan Pakan Khusus Yang Diberikan Kepada Pasangan Kerbau Sumbawa Karapan Sebelum Bertanding (Studi Di Kecamatan Empang Kabupaten Sumbawa)
Authors: Dilaga Syamsul Hidayat , Sofyan Sofyan , Suhubdy Suhubdy , Amin Muhammad , Yanuarianto Oscar 
Published: December 2023

A survey was conducted in Empang sub-district, which has many Sumbawa buffalo racing enthusiasts. Before the animals are competed, are they given special feed/herbs? What are their chances of winning? This is what the research will seek to answer, as there is no written information on this subject. The survey found that all farmers give special feed/herbs to their raced sumbawa buffaloes, but the ingredients/recipes differ, ranging from the most complete recipe consisting of 17 ingredients, the medium recipe consisting of 12 ingredients, and the minimalist recipe consisting of 9 ingredients. All of them have won. The complete recipe won first place (43 pairs of buffalo), the medium recipe won second place (48 pairs of buffalo), and the minimalist recipe (29 pairs of buffalo) won third place.
Peran Ppat Dalam Upaya Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Saputra L. Yusril Wira , Arba Muhammad , Minollah Minollah 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganilisis efektivitas perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Lombok Timur; dan mengenalisis peran serta PPAT dalam upaya perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian menggunakan metode empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Lombok Timur belum efektif. Faktor yang menyebabkan belum efektif aturan yang sudah dibuat berkaitan dengan LP2B karena budaya hukum masyarakat dan struktur hukum yaitu aparat yang menjalankan undang-undang. Peran seorang PPAT menjadi sangat penting dalam upaya perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan, yaitu dari sisi peralihan hak atas tanah yaitu jual beli, karena proses jual beli tanah dilakukan melalui PPAT, akta jual beli tanah yang dibuat memberikan kepastian dan memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi pihak yang berkepentingan. Sedangkan perlindungan terhadap lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan, upaya yang dilakukan oleh seorang PPAT adalah sebatas memberikan saran dan pengetahuan kepada para penghadap yang datang kepada PPAT berkaitan dengan pertanahan, Sebelum dilakukan jual beli, PPAT menerangkan langkah-langkah dan persyaratan yang diperlukan untuk melaksanakan jual beli. Dari sisi perizinan yang berperan penting terhadap perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan lebih kepada BPN dan pemerintah daerah yang memiliki kewenangan dalam memberikan izin lahan pertanian tersebut boleh atau tidak dialihfungsikan.
Comparison of severity of pancreatitis with and without diclofenac sodium in post ERCP patients.
Authors: Zaid Gul  , Hafiz Mughees Ather  , Amir Saleem  , Arfan Mehmood  , Furqan Tahir  , Hussain Tariq Chattha  
Published: January 2024

Objective: To compare the diclofenac sodium intramuscular prophylaxis given with standard treatment in patients having ERCP was compared with standard treatment alone with respect to frequency and severity of pancreatitis within 48 hours after the procedure. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and GI Endoscopy, SZABMU, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Period: August 2021 and April 2022. Material & Methods: The study enrolled 160 patients with obstructive jaundice with or without pruritus (20-70 years). Each group consisted of 80 patients. A prophylactic dose of 75 mg of diclofenac sodium was administered intramuscularly to Group A in addition to standard treatment, while standard treatment was given to Group B alone. The standard treatment for PEP was antibiotics (Cefoperazone/Sulbactam 2g IV) for both groups. IV dormicum (midazolam) was given to both groups as sedation. All patients were tested for lipase and amylase after the procedure to detect any complications. They were also monitored for abdominal pain at 4 and 24 hours after the procedure. Results: In patients of Group A (n=80), the mean age was 47.1 years ± 8.4 SD, whereas in patients in Group B (n=80), the mean age was 47.5 years ± 7.4 SD. In Group A, 3.8% of patients (n=3/80) developed PEP, while 11% (n=11/80) developed PEP (p=0.025). Intramuscular diclofenac sodium was more efficient at preventing PEP when compared to the control group on standard treatment alone, on all of the following parameters: (1) the proportion of patients that did not develop PEP, (2) the rate of patients that developed PEP, and (3) the average quantity of days that patients were sick. In both groups A and B, the PEP diagnosis was mild and the patients were discharged within 2-3 days of diagnosis. PEP efficacy was not significantly different across age groups or genders in both treatment groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Diclofenac sodium is significantly more effective than standard treatment alone for intramuscular pancreatitis prophylaxis after ERCP.