bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
American Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology Section Editor: Stephen Ash: Hemodialysis Vascular Access: Percutaneous Interventions by Nephrologists
Authors: Asif Arif , Merrill Donna , Briones Patricia , Roth David , Beathard Gerald A. 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTTraditionally hemodialysis vascular access‐related procedures have been almost exclusively performed by surgeons and interventional radiologists. In recent years, nephrologists have taken the initiative of performing these procedures themselves. Because of their unique clinical perspective on dialysis access and better understanding of the intricacies of renal replacement therapy, nephrologists are ideally suited for this activity. This approach has minimized delays, decreased hospitalizations, and decreased the use of temporary catheters, thereby improving medical care, decreasing costs, and increasing patient convenience. Vascular access‐related procedures commonly performed by nephrologists include percutaneous balloon angioplasty, thrombectomy, and tunneled hemodialysis catheter‐related procedures. In addition, using vein obliteration and percutaneous balloon angioplasty techniques, nephrologists have recently documented successful salvage of arteriovenous fistulas that had failed to mature, whereas traditionally these fistulas have frequently been abandoned. While the performance of these procedures by nephrologists offers many advantages, appropriate training in order to develop the necessary procedural skills is critical. Recent data have emphasized that a nephrologist can be successfully trained to become a competent interventionalist. In addition to documenting excellent outcome data, multiple reports have demonstrated the safety and success of interventional nephrology. This review focuses on hemodialysis access‐related procedures performed by nephrologists and calls for a proactive approach in optimizing this aspect of patient care.
The Presence of Phytoplasma in Black Currant Infected with the Blackcurrant Reversion Disease
Authors: ŠPak J. , Přibylová J. , Kubelková D. , ŠPaková V. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA plant of black currant cv. Karlštejnský dlouhohrozen showing symptoms of the severe Russian (R) form of the blackcurrant reversion disease (BCRD) was shown to contain phytoplasma bodies measuring 530–750 nm. Phytoplasma infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the universal primer pair R16F1/R16R0, followed by PCR with the primer pair fU5/rU3. A comparison of the sequence of an amplification product of approximately 880 bp with sequences available in the GenBank confirmed the classification of the phytoplasma in the 16SrI (Aster yellows group). This is the first evidence of the natural occurrence of phytoplasma infection in black currant. Blackcurrant reversion virus (BRV), the cause of BCRD, was confirmed in the plant by RT‐PCR. A 481 nt cDNA fragment of BRV was sequenced and compared with sequences in GenBank. Rhabdovirus‐like particles were also observed in the plant by electron microscopy.
Phenotypic and Genetic Diversity among Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola
Authors: Güven K. , Jones J. B. , Momol M. T. , Dickstein E. R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe relationships among a worldwide collection of 56 strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, causal agent of halo blight disease on bean, were investigated by studying the phenotypic and genetic diversity. All P. s. pv phaseolicola strains tested were pathogenic on the bean cultivar ‘Canadian Wonder’. Carbon substrate utilization using BIOLOG (Biolog GN2 Microplate test) clustered all the phaseolicola strains together. The use of the phaseolotoxin gene cluster as a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) target detected all the P. s. pv. phaseolicola strains identified as toxin producers (Tox+) except for one strain (NCPPB 2385) from Australia. Grouping of P. s. pv. phaseolicola by fatty acid composition suggested the existence of five clusters. A majority of the strains from the USA and Turkey were present in Cluster A while 12 of the 16 strains in group C were from Africa. PmeI and PacI enzymes were used for pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of P. s. pv. phaseolicola. Digestion of chromosomal DNA from P. s. pv. phaseolicola with PmeI and PacI generated 29 and 28 groups, respectively. Determination of similarity coefficients and clustering by UPGMA revealed five clusters. More diversity was observed among strains with PFGE than with fatty acid profiling. The results obtained in this study suggest that although a number of strains formed small clusters based on their geographical origin, a clear segregation cannot be concluded. The uniformity of the strains in Turkey isolated in 1994 could possibly indicate a recent introduction of a population of closely related strains. Although only a limited number of strains from the USA were compared, it is interesting to note that the strains were phylogenetically closely related considering that they spanned approximately 20 years. The oldest strain, NCPPB 52 from Canada, which was collected in 1941, had identical PFGE patterns with several strains from South Africa and one strain in Turkey collected in the 1990s. The presence of identical PFGE groups in more than 1 year in South Africa and Germany and the phylogenetically closely related group in the USA coupled with the fatty acid data would indicate the likelihood for local seed sources and/or endemic populations.
Unsuspected sublingual mass causing difficult intubation in an infant
Authors: SAADE EDOUARD , HOPKINS KEVIN , SETZER NANCY 
Published: December 2004

SummaryA case is described of a difficult intubation in an infant presenting for cleft palate closure, due to an unsuspected sublingual mass. The report stresses the fact that multiple anomalies can coexist in an infant and contribute to difficult intubation through different mechanisms. Various airway management strategies are explored.
Oral clonidine does not change ventilatory response to carbon dioxide in sevoflurane‐anesthetized children
Authors: NISHINA KAHORU , MIKAWA KATSUYA , UESUGI TAKANOBU , OBARA HIDEFUMI 
Published: December 2004

SummaryBackground : Clonidine is a useful premedicant for pediatric anesthesia. The drug has potential for ventilatory depression. The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of clonidine premedication on the ventilatory response to hypercapnia during sevoflurane anesthesia using the carbon dioxide (CO2) steady state method.Methods : Sixty children (3–13 yr) were assigned to receive clonidine 4 μg·kg−1 or placebo. Anesthesia was maintained with spontaneous breathing and 2% sevoflurane. Minute ventilation (VE), respiratory rate (RR), endtidal CO2 pressure (PEco2), and arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured with a facemask tightly fitted before and during 7% CO2 inhalation.Results : Compared with placebo, oral clonidine failed to reduce VE volume before CO2 loading under general anesthesia with 2% sevoflurane. Inhalation of CO2 increased VE. Oral clonidine did not attenuate the increase in VE induced by hypercapnic challenge under sevoflurane anesthesia. There were no differences in RR, PEco2, or SpO2 between the placebo and clonidine groups before and during CO2 loading.Conclusion : These data suggest that oral clonidine is a suitable premedication for sevoflurane anesthesia under spontaneous breathing conditions in children.
Government Getting Closer: Higher Education and Devolution in the UK
Authors: Court Stephen 
Published: December 2004

AbstractSince 1997 there has been a series of far‐reaching constitutional changes in the UK through the devolution of power from Westminster to new legislatures and executives in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. In addition, an elected assembly in London and the English regional development agencies have been established. This paper examines policy developments in higher education in the four countries of the UK between 1997 and 2004, and the impact devolution may have had on the sector, looking in particular at funding, increasing participation and widening access, tuition fees and student support, and business links and technology transfer. There is a strong sense that the devolved administrations want and expect more from ‘their’ higher education institutions. While institutions are often proactive in seeking links with regional businesses and communities, the relationships between universities and devolved administrations have important implications for institutional autonomy which need to be carefully thought through.
Notions of Flexibility in UK Higher Education: Core and Periphery Re‐Visited?
Authors: Cloonan Martin 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn recent years the rhetoric of flexibility has become increasingly influential within the UK’s Higher Education (HE) sector. In reports, such as that of the National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education (NCIHE, 1997), in Green Papers such as the Learning Age (DfEE, 1998) and its Scottish equivalent, Opportunity Scotland (Scottish Office, 1998), in university mission statements, in course advertisements, prospectuses and brochures, in all these places and more, exhortations of flexibility have emerged almost unchallenged. Indeed, flexibility became one of the buzz words of 1990s academe.Where discussions of flexibility exist (Edwards, 1997; Schuller et al., 1998; Johnston, 1999) they have hitherto often been limited to contextualisation accounts, rather than attempting critiques. This article digs deeper by looking at various aspects of flexibility within UK HE. It suggests that by examining notions of flexibility as they were developed in labour market theory during the 1980s, it is possible to gain greater understanding of current discourses of flexibility in HE. It further suggests that notions of core and periphery taken from the labour market have their parallels in UK HE. Finally, it argues that thus far UK HE can be characterised as having an inflexible core which limits flexibility to the more peripheral areas and discusses the merits of some forms of inflexibility.
Attitudes and beliefs directed towards ready‐meal consumption
Authors: Ahlgren Mia , Gustafsson Inga‐Britt , Hall Gunnar 
Published: December 2004

AbstractOur food choice is dependent upon our beliefs about both the products and those who consume them. In this study beliefs about the prototypical attributes of ready meal consumers have been investigated to establish which beliefs exist and whether they have any actual basis when compared with self‐reported behaviours of ready meal consumers. In a survey, respondents described what they considered to be common attributes of ready meal consumers. Some of these attributes were supported by the data provided by the ready meal consuming respondents, while many were not. Most interesting was the fact that two frequently mentioned attributes, being alone and no interest in cooking or food, were confirmed by the ready meal consuming respondents in the actual eating situation but not by their life‐style and beliefs in general. The results support the call for more situation‐oriented food research.
The dining experience: do restaurants satisfy customer needs?
Authors: Andersson Tommy D. , Mossberg Lena 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThis is an exploratory paper where the main idea is to develop an analysis of dining as a multidimensional experience. In order to assess the relative importance of various aspects of restaurant services, customers were asked to estimate their willingness to pay for six aspects of the dining experience: food, service, fine cuisine, restaurant interior, good company and other customers. Customers were asked to evaluate an ideal restaurant experience as well as their latest restaurant experience. Thus the actual evaluation could be compared with an ideal value to explore where restaurants have opportunities to enhance customers’ restaurant experiences. Results clearly indicate that social needs are important for customers at evening restaurants whereas physiological needs dominate for customers at lunch restaurants.
Experiences with Commercial Telephone-based Dialogue Systems (Erfahrungen mit kommerziellen Telefon-Sprachdialogsystemen)
Authors: Nöth Elmar , Horndasch Axel , Gallwitz Florian , Haas Jürgen 
Published: December 2004

Summary
In this publication experiences with commercial spoken dialogue systems are discussed and guidelines for achieving high usability are pointed out. Different from most commercially deployed IVR (Interactive Voice Response) systems, the systems discussed in this paper belong to a new generation of real mixed-initiative spoken dialogue systems, i. e., the user may take the initiative, using full sentences, at virtually any point in time during the dialogue. We use three commercially deployed systems as example applications: the automated switchboard of a large German company, the movie information system operated by Germany´s largest multiplex cinema, and a football Bundesliga information system operated by a German media company.
Pierre Verger: Parisian Trickster
Authors: Krebs Edgardo 
Published: December 2004

Messageiro Entre Dois Mundos. 1998. 86 minutes, color. film produced by Conspiraçao Filmes, directed by Luiz Buarque de Hollanda. and narrated in Portuguese and French by Gilberto Gil. with subtitles in English. For more information contact International Media Resources Exchange, New York City; 212‐463‐0108; www.latinamericanvideo.org.Pierre Verger, Le Messager, The Go‐Between. Photographies 1932‐1962. Jean Loup Pivin and Pascal Martin Saint Leon. eds. Postface by Charles‐Henri Favrod. Paris: Editions Revue Noire, 1993, 240 pp.Dieux d'Afrique. Pierre Verger. Paris: Editions Revue Noire, 1995.416 pp.
On the Question of Heritage and Hierarchy in British Social Anthropology
Authors: Yengoyan Aram A. 
Published: December 2004

On Durkheim's Elementary Forms of Religious Life. N. J. Allen. W. S. F. Pickering. and W. Watts Miller. eds. New York: Routledge, 1998. 224 pp.Marcel Mauss:. Centenary Tribute. Wendy James and N. J. Allen. eds. New York: Berghahn Press, 1998. 260 pp.Taboo, Truth, and Religion: Franz Baermann Steiner Selected Writings, vol. 1. Jeremy Adler and Richard Fardon. eds. New York: Berghahn Books, 1999. 279 pp.Orientpolitik, Value, and Civilisation: Franz Baermann Steiner Selected Writings, vol. 2. Jeremy Adler and Richard Fardon. eds. New York: Berghahn Books, 1999. 296 pp.
Drawing on Cultural Memory: Self and Other in Native American Ledger Art
Authors: Powers William K. 
Published: December 2004

Spirit Beings and Sun Dancers: Black Hawk's Vision of the Lakota World. Janet Catherine Berlo. New York: George Braziller, Inc., 2000. 189 pp.Arrow's Elk Society Ledger. Mike Cowdrey. Santa Fe: Morning Star Gallery, 1999. 254 pp.Will Tell of My War Story. Scott M. Thompson. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2000. 120 pp.
History, Memory, and Nation in the (Post)Colonies
Authors: White Geoffrey M. 
Published: December 2004

Represented Communities: Fiji and World Decolonization. John D. Kelly and Martha Kaplan. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001. 243 pp.Cultural Memory: Reconfiguring History and Identity in the Postcolonial Pacific. Jeannerte Marie Mageo. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2001. 222 pp.In Colonial New Guinea: Anthropological Perspectives. Naomi M. McPherson. ed. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2001. 264 pp.
Scarce Goods: Justice, Fairness, and Organ Transplantation; The Twice Dead: Organ Transplants and the Reinvention of Death
Authors: Scheper‐Hughes Nancy 
Published: December 2004

Scarce Goods: Justice, Fairness, and Organ Transplantation. Thomas Koch. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2002. 250 pp.The Twice Dead: Organ Transplants and the Reinvention of Death. Margaret Lock Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002. 429 pp.
Physicochemical Properties of Surface‐Initiated Polymer Films in the Modification and Processing of Materials
Authors: Jennings G. K. , Brantley E. L. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThis article reviews the physicochemical aspects of surface‐initiated polymer films used to modify planar and non‐planar surfaces and to produce micro‐ and nanoscale patterned features. Particular emphasis is placed on the molecular composition of the polymer and its effect on surface and bulk properties of ultrathin films. Recent advances in the use of responsive polymer films that exhibit dramatically altered properties upon changes in solvent, temperature, or ionic strength are reviewed. The uses of surface‐initiated polymer films to modify materials' properties and impact applications in chromatography, nanoparticle‐templated synthesis, and carbon nanotube dispersion are highlighted.
A Study on the Influence of the Structure of the Glycosyl Acceptors on the Stereochemistry of the Glycosylation Reactions with 2‐Azido‐2‐Deoxy‐Hexopyranosyl Trichloroacetimidates
Authors: Cid M. Belén , Alfonso Francisco , Martín‐Lomas Manuel 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe stereochemical outcome of glycosylations with 2‐azido‐2‐deoxy‐D‐gluco‐ and D‐galactopyranosyl trichloroacetimidates as glycosyl donors has been investigated by using a series of chiro‐inositol derivatives as glycosyl acceptors. The influence of the absolute configuration, the conformation and the conformational flexibility of the glycosyl acceptor has been studied by using different glycosyl donors under similar pre‐established experimental conditions. Although the structure of the acceptor may play a role in governing the stereochemistry of these glycosylations, the results show that, in general terms, the relative influence of these factors is difficult to evaluate. For a given set of experimental conditions, the stereochemical course of these glycosylations depends on structural features of both glycosyl donor and glycosyl acceptor. It is a balance of these factors, where the structure of the glycosyl donor always plays a major role, which determines the stereochemistry of the coupling reaction. Therefore, the examples reported in the literature in which the structure of the glycosyl acceptor appears to be crucial in determining the stereochemistry of the reaction constitute particularly favorable cases which do not presently allow any further generalization.
Cation Mobility and Kinetics of Ion Exchange in Zirconium Hydrogen Monothiophosphate Hydrate, Zr(HPO3S)2×1.5H2O.
Authors: Stenina I. A. , Aliev A. D. , Dorhout P. K. , Yaroslavtsev A. B. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Monodentate P,C‐Stereogenic Bicyclic Phosphanes: 1‐Phenyl‐1,3a,4,5,6,6a‐hexahydrocyclopenta[b]phosphole and 1‐Phenyloctahydrocyclopenta[b]phosphole.
Authors: Pakulski Zbigniew , Demchuk Oleg M. , Frelek Jadwiga , Luboradzki Roman , Pietrusiewicz K. Michal 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Epoxide Hydrolase‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral 1,2‐Diols via Desymmetrization of meso‐Epoxides.
Authors: Zhao Lishan , Weiner David P. , Burk Mark J. , et al. et al. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Indium Tribromide as a Highly Efficient and Versatile Catalyst for Chemoselective Synthesis of Acylals from Aldehydes under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Yin Liang , Zhang Zhan‐Hui , Wang Yong‐Mei , Pang Mei‐Li 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 2‐Alkenyl‐3‐alkoxycarbonylfurans by ′Feist—Benary‐Cyclocondensation′ of (2,4‐Dioxobutylidene)phosphoranes with Chloroacetaldehyde and Subsequent Wittig Reactions.
Authors: Holtz Edith , Langer Peter 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient and Novel Protocol for the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[5,1‐a]isoindole Derivatives.
Authors: Islami Mohammad Reza , Abedini‐Torghabeh Javad , Fatemi Sayed Jamiladine , Hassani Zahra , Amiry Asghar 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Base‐Free Anaerobic Cu(II) Catalyzed Aryl—Nitrogen Bond Formations.
Authors: van Berkel Sander S. , van den Hoogenband Adri , Terpstra Jan Willem , Tromp Moniek , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. , van Strijdonck Gino P. F. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Practical Synthesis of 2‐(N‐Substituted)‐aminobenzimidazoles Utilizing CuCl‐Promoted Intramolecular Cyclization of N‐(2‐Aminoaryl)thioureas.
Authors: Wang Xiao‐jun , Zhang Li , Xu Yibo , Krishnamurthy Dhileepkumar , Senanayake Chris H. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Unusual Reaction of 5‐Ethyl‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydrothieno[3,2‐c]pyridine with Ethyl Propiolate.
Authors: Voskressensky L. G. , Borisova T. N. , Akbulatov S. V. , Chernyshev A. I. , Varlamov A. V. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation of (Phenyldifluoromethyl)‐ and (Phenoxydifluoromethyl)‐silanes by Magnesium‐Promoted Carbon‐Chlorine Bond Activation.
Authors: Guidotti Jerome , Metz Francois , Tordeux Marc , Wakselman Claude 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Facile and High‐Yielding Preparation of α‐Acetoxyphosphonates from α‐Hydroxyphosphonates Assisted by Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Firouzabadi Habib , Iranpoor Nasser , Sobhani Sara , Amoozgar Zohreh 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of (R)‐(‐)‐Pyrrolam A (I) and Studies on Its Stability: A Caveat on Computational Methods.
Authors: Watson Rhett T. , Gore Vinayak K. , Chandupatla Kishan R. , Dieter R. Karl , Snyder James P. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ovarian steroids influence cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of the adult female rat in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner
Authors: Tanapat Patima , Hastings Nicholas B. , Gould Elizabeth 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn previous work, we have demonstrated that cell proliferation in the adult hippocampal formation is regulated by estrogen under both natural and experimental conditions. To determine the extent to which this regulation is affected by the dose or schedule of hormone treatment, or progesterone administration, we examined the impact of different acute and chronic ovarian hormone replacement regimens on cell production using the S‐phase marker bromodeoxyuridine. Additionally, we investigated the long‐term impact of surgical ovarian hormone depletion on the capacity of estrogen to stimulate cell proliferation and the production of new cells that express either TuJ1 (a marker of neuronal phenotype) or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; a marker of astroglial phenotype). Acute treatment with a moderate, but not a low or a high, dose of estrogen rapidly increased cell proliferation in ovariectomized (OVX) animals, an effect that was reversed by the administration of progesterone. In contrast, OVX animals that were chronically replaced with either estrogen alone (continuous or cyclic) or estrogen plus progesterone (cyclic) did not exhibit an estrogen‐induced increase in cell proliferation 3 weeks following the onset of hormone replacement. In animals that were subjected to a prolonged absence of ovarian hormones, acute treatment with the moderate dose of estrogen failed to stimulate cell proliferation, and a decrease in the number of new cells expressing a neuronal phenotype was evident. Collectively, these results indicate that a prolonged reduction in ovarian hormones results in 1) a diminished responsiveness to estrogen over time in this system and 2) a decrease in neuron production that is unlikely to be reversible by standard regimens of hormone replacement. J. Comp. Neurol. 481:252–265, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.