bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic relevance of molecular alterations in glioblastomas for patients age < 50 years
Authors: Korshunov Andrey , Sycheva Regina , Golanov Andrey 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn patients with glioblastoma, age < 50 years was identified as a consistent prognostic variable. In addition, the prognosis for these patients may be determined by a complex interaction between age and genetic alterations. The objective of the current study was the molecular analysis of glioblastomas from adult patients age < 50 years (“young adults”).METHODSThe authors analyzed a set of 189 glioblastoma specimens. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed with a set of 10 chromosome probes (1p36, 1q25, centomere probe 7 [CEP7], 7p12/epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR), CEP9, 9p21/p16, CEP10, 10q23/phosphatase and tesnin homolog gene (PTEN), 19p13, and 19q13).RESULTSPatient age < 40 years was associated strongly with a favorable prognosis. Patients age ≥ 40 years frequently showed EGFR amplification, loss of 9p, loss of 10q, and gain of chromosome 19. The patients with − 19q were age < 40 years. The survival was shorter for patients with EGFR amplification, gain of chromosome 7, loss of 9p, loss of 10q, and gain of chromosome 19. In contrast, the patients who had tumors with gain of chromosome 9 or loss of 19q had more favorable outcomes. In a multivariate analysis, gain of chromosome 9 (P = 0.026) and loss of 10q23 (P = 0.007) reached the level of independent prognostic value. In addition, the prognostic value of molecular alterations in patients age < 40 years and patients age > 40 years were examined separately. Consequently, EGFR amplification, − 9p, and + 9 were significant for both age groups, whereas gain of chromosome 7 and loss of 10q showed clinical importance only among patients age > 40 years.CONCLUSIONSAdult patients age < 50 years with glioblastoma had molecularly distinct disease, and the age‐dependent heterogeneity seen on the chromosomal level also applied at the clinical level. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Radiation‐induced sarcomas after radiotherapy for breast carcinoma
Authors: Kirova Youlia M. , Vilcoq Jacques R. , Asselain Bernard , Sastre‐Garau Xavier , Fourquet Alain 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDSarcomas are a rare complication of radiotherapy for breast carcinoma and patients have a poor prognosis. The incidence, histology, and management of patients with sarcomas were reviewed in the current study.METHODSThe authors reviewed the records of 16,705 patients with breast carcinoma. Of these, 13,472 (81%) were treated with megavoltage radiotherapy and 3233 were treated without at the Institute Curie (Paris, France) between 1981 and 1997. Median doses of 50–55 grays (Gy) in 25–27 fractions were delivered to the whole breast over a period of 5–5.5 weeks (2 Gy/day, 5 weekly fractions) followed, when indicated, by a 16–26‐Gy boost to the tumor or tumor bed. Treatment of radiation‐induced sarcomas (RIS) consisted mostly of radical surgery and chemotherapy.RESULTSOverall, 35 patients developed sarcomas. Of these, 27 fulfilled the Cahan criteria. The median follow‐up was 9.3 years (range, 1–22.4 years). The latency period ranged from 3 years to 20.3 years. Thirteen sarcomas were located in the breast, 5– in the chest wall, 3 in the sternum, 2 in the supraclavicle, 1 in the scapula, and 3 in the axilla. Histologic evaluation identified 13 angiosarcomas, 3 osteosarcomas, 5 undifferentiated sarcomas, 1 malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 2 leiomyosarcomas, 1 fibrosarcoma, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma, and 1 myosarcoma. The cumulative RIS incidence was 0.07% (± 0.02) at 5 years, 0.27% (± 0.05) at 10 years, and 0.48% (± 0.11) at 15 years. Standardized incidence ratios were 10.2 (95% confidence interval, 9.03–11.59) for irradiated patients and 1.3 (0.3–3.6) for nonirradiated patients. Of the 27 patients, 15 died of sarcoma within 1 month to 14.5 years (mean, 34.2 ± 0.7 months). The 5‐year actuarial survival rate after diagnosis of RIS was 36% (± 0.11).CONCLUSIONSThe current study confirmed the rarity of RIS. However, it showed that the risk increased with time. Therefore, careful, long‐term follow‐up of patients treated with radiotherapy is needed for early detection and efficacious treatment of these malignancies. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Incidence of anaphylactoid reactions to isosulfan blue dye during breast carcinoma lymphatic mapping in patients treated with preoperative prophylaxis
Authors: Raut Chandrajit P. , Hunt Kelly K. , Akins Jeri S. , Daley M. Denise , Ross Merrick I. , Singletary S. Eva , Marshall Gailen D. , Meric‐Bernstam Funda , Babiera Gildy , Feig Barry W. , Ames Frederick C. , Kuerer Henry M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDSevere anaphylactoid reactions to isosulfan blue dye requiring resuscitation are reported to occur in 1.1% of patients with breast carcinoma undergoing sentinel lymphadenectomy. In December 2001, the authors began administering a prophylactic regimen before dye injection to determine whether prophylaxis reduced the incidence of life‐threatening reactions.METHODSAll patients were mapped with technetium‐99m–labeled sulfur colloid. Those also receiving isosulfan blue dye were administered a glucocorticoid, diphenhydramine, and famotidine intravenously just before or at induction of anesthesia. Adverse reactions at the time of surgery were analyzed.RESULTSBetween December 2001 and July 2003, 1013 consecutive patients underwent sentinel lymphadenectomy for breast carcinoma. Six hundred sixty‐seven patients (65.8%) received prophylaxis and isosulfan blue dye, 33 (3.3%) received prophylaxis but no dye, 12 (1.2%) received dye but no prophylaxis, and 301 (29.7%) received no prophylaxis or dye. Blue urticaria and facial edema were observed in 3 (0.5%) of 667 patients receiving prophylaxis and dye and in 1 (8.3%) of 12 patients receiving dye but no prophylaxis. There were no episodes of hypotension, and no patients required vasopressors, ventilatory support, or intensive care observation. Adverse reactions to agents other than blue dye were observed in 2 (0.3%) of 667 patients receiving prophylaxis and dye and in 3 (1.0%) of 301 receiving no prophylaxis and no dye (P = 0.1773).CONCLUSIONSPreoperative prophylaxis was found to reduce the severity, but not the overall incidence, of adverse reactions to isosulfan blue dye. No life‐threatening reactions were noted in patients treated with preoperative prophylaxis. Based on these results, the authors now routinely recommend administration of prophylaxis to patients receiving isosulfan blue for lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Proton beam therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus
Authors: Hata Masaharu , Tokuuye Koichi , Sugahara Shinji , Kagei Kenji , Igaki Hiroshi , Hashimoto Takayuki , Ohara Kiyoshi , Matsuzaki Yasushi , Tanaka Naomi , Akine Yasuyuki 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDTreatment modalities for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) are limited and controversial; furthermore, the prognosis for these patients is extremely poor. The authors conducted a retrospective review to determine the role of proton beam therapy in the treatment of patients who had HCC with PVTT.METHODSTwelve patients with HCC who had tumor thrombus in the main trunk or major branches of the portal vein (clinical T3–T4N0M0) were treated with proton beam therapy. At the time they received proton beam irradiation, patients ranged in age from 42 years to 80 years (median, 62 years), and their tumors ranged in size from 40 mm to 110 mm (median, 60 mm) in greatest dimension. A total dose of 50–72 gray (Gy) (median, 55 Gy) in 10–22 fractions was delivered to the tumors, including PVTT.RESULTSAll tumors that were treated with proton beam therapy remained controlled at a median follow‐up of 2.3 years (range, 0.3–7.3 years). Among 12 patients, 10 patients had new liver tumors outside the irradiated volume 0.1–2.4 years after proton beam therapy, and 3 patients also had distant metastases; consequently, 8 patients died of disease, and 2 patients were salvaged by further therapies. The remaining two patients were alive with no evidence of disease 4.3 years and 6.4 years after proton beam therapy. The progression‐free survival rates were 67% at 2 years and 24% at 5 years. The median progression‐free survival was 2.3 years. According to the Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring Criteria (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group), therapy‐related toxicity ≥ Grade 3 was not observed.CONCLUSIONSProton beam therapy for patients with HCC who had PVTT was feasible and effective. It appeared to improve survival and local control significantly for these patients. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
A role for plakophilin‐1 in the initiation of desmosome assembly
Authors: Wahl James K. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractPlakophilins (pkp‐1, ‐2, and ‐3) comprise a family of armadillo‐repeat containing proteins that are found in the desmosomal plaque and in the nucleus. Plakophilin‐1 is most highly expressed in the suprabasal layers of the epidermis and loss of plakophilin‐1 expression results in skin fragility‐ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, which is characterized by a reduction in the number and size of desmosomes in the epithelia of affected individuals. To investigate the role of plakophilin‐1 during desmosome formation, we fused plakophilin‐1 to the hormone‐binding domain of the estrogen receptor to create a fusion protein (plakophilin‐1/ER) that can be activated in cell culture by the addition of 4‐hydroxytamoxifen. When plakophilin‐1/ER was expressed in A431 cells it was incorporated into endogenous desmosomes and did not disrupt desmosome formation. A derivative of A431 cells (A431D) do not form desmosomes, even though they express all the components believed to be necessary for desmosome assembly. Expression and activation of plakophilin‐1/ER in A431D cells resulted in punctate desmoplakin staining on the cell surface. Co‐expression of a classical cadherin (N‐cadherin) and plakophilin‐1/ER in A431D cells resulted in punctate desmoplakin staining at cell–cell borders. These data suggest that plakophilin‐1 can induce assembly of desmosomal components in A431D cells in the absence of a classical cadherin; however a classical cadherin (N‐cadherin) is required to direct assembly of desmosomes between adjacent cells. The activatable plakophilin‐1/ER system provides a unique culture system to study the assembly of the desmosomal plaque in culture. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The bacterial nucleoid: A highly organized and dynamic structure
Authors: Thanbichler Martin , Wang Sherry C. , Shapiro Lucy 
Published: June 2005

AbstractRecent advances in bacterial cell biology have revealed unanticipated structural and functional complexity, reminiscent of eukaryotic cells. Particular progress has been made in understanding the structure, replication, and segregation of the bacterial chromosome. It emerged that multiple mechanisms cooperate to establish a dynamic assembly of supercoiled domains, which are stacked in consecutive order to adopt a defined higher‐level organization. The position of genetic loci on the chromosome is thereby linearly correlated with their position in the cell. SMC complexes and histone‐like proteins continuously remodel the nucleoid to reconcile chromatin compaction with DNA replication and gene regulation. Moreover, active transport processes ensure the efficient segregation of sister chromosomes and the faithful restoration of nucleoid organization while DNA replication and condensation are in progress. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiple melting behavior of poly(butylene succinate). II. Thermal analysis of isothermal crystallization and melting process
Authors: Yasuniwa Munehisa , Tsubakihara Shinsuke , Satou Tadashi , Iura Koji 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe multiple melting behavior of poly(butylene succinate) (PBSu) was studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Three different PBSu resins, with molecular weights (MWs) of 1.1 × 105, 1.8 × 105, and 2.5 × 105, were isothermally crystallized at various crystallization temperatures (Tc) ranging from 70 to 97.5 °C. The Tc dependence of crystallization half‐time (τ) was obtained. DSC melting curves for the isothermally crystallized samples were obtained at a heating rate of 10 K min−1. Three endothermic peaks, an annealing peak, a low‐temperature peak L, and a high‐temperature peak H, and an exothermic peak located between peaks L and H clearly appeared in the DSC curve. In addition, an endothermic small peak S appeared at a lower temperature of peak H. Peak L increased with increasing Tc, whereas peak H decreased. The Tc dependence of the peak melting temperatures [Tm(L) and Tm(H)], recrystallization temperature (Tre), and heat of fusion (ΔH) was obtained. Their fitting curves were obtained as functions of Tc. Tm(L), Tre, and ΔH increased almost linearly with Tc, whereas Tm(H) was almost constant. The maximum rate of recrystallization occurred immediately after the melting. The mechanism of the multiple melting behavior is explained by the melt‐recrystallization model. The high MW samples showed similar Tc dependence of τ, and τ for the lowest MW sample was longer than that for the others. Peak L increased with MW, whereas peak H decreased. In spite of the difference of MW, Tm(L), Tm(H), and Tre almost coincided with each other at the same Tc. The ΔH values, that is crystallinity, for the highest MW sample were smaller than those for the other samples at the same Tc. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2039–2047, 2005
Polymorphism and crystalline transitions of the novel even–odd nylons derived from undecanedioic acid
Authors: Cui Xiaowen , Yan Deyue 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe crystal structures of nylons X 11 under different conditions (X = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12) were investigated by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) and electron diffraction (ED). Both the solution‐ and melt‐crystallized samples of nylon 2 11 possess the hexagonal lattice (named γ‐form). Nylons 4 11 and 6 11 exhibit the monoclinic unit cell (termed as α‐like form) for both samples characteristic of two strong diffractions at 0.44 and 0.38 nm. For nylons 8 11, 10 11, and 12 11, the α‐like form are obtained for the solution‐crystallized samples while the β‐like ones are obtained in the case of the melt‐crystallized ones, with typical strong diffractions at 0.42 and 0.40 nm. The quenched nylon 12 11 samples annealing at different temperatures were also studied in this work to illustrate the various crystal forms obtained under different conditions. During the heating process, the α‐like forms of the solution‐crystallized samples for nylons 8 11, 10 11, and 12 11 transform into the high‐temperature hexagonal phases prior to melting, while those of nylons 4 11 and 6 11 did not show such transformations before melting. Variable‐temperature Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was applied to investigate the crystalline transition phenomena and illustrate their essential features in the molecular level. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2048–2060, 2005
Purmorphamine enhances osteogenic activity of human osteoblasts derived from bone marrow mesenchymal cells
Authors: Beloti Márcio M. , Bellesini Larissa S. , Rosa Adalberto L. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractPurmorphamine is a novel small molecule with osteogenesis‐inducing activity in multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells, but there has been no evaluation of its effect on human cells to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the induction of osteogenic activity by purmorphamine in human osteoblasts differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal cells. Cells were cultured in 24‐well plates at a density of 2×104/well in medium containing 1, 2 or 3 μM purmorphamine, or vehicle. At 7, 14 and 21 days, cell proliferation, viability, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were evaluated. Bone‐like nodule formation was evaluated at 21 days. Purmorphamine did not affect cell proliferation or viability, but increased ALP activity and bone‐like nodule formation. These results indicate that events related to osteoblast differentiation, including increased ALP activity and bone‐like nodule formation, are enhanced by purmorphamine.
Intracellular signal transduction pathways induced by leptin in C2C12 cells
Authors: Maroni Paola , Bendinelli Paola , Piccoletti Roberta 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAs experimental evidence suggests that leptin may have direct effects on peripheral tissues, we investigated some of the transductional molecules induced by leptin in C2C12 cells. In immunoprecipitation experiments using anti‐p85 antibodies (a regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase; PI3K), we observed a significant increase in PI3K activity. Immunoblot analyses showed that Akt, GSK3, ERK1, ERK2, and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) phosphorylation significantly increased after leptin treatment. Protein kinase C (PKC)‐ζ was also activated by leptin, as documented by an immunocomplex kinase assay and immunoblotting experiments. The treatment of C2C12 cells with Wortmannin before leptin administration inhibited induction of the phosphorylation of ERKs (extracellular signal‐regulated kinases) but not that of p38 MAPK, whereas pre‐treatment with a PKC‐ζ inhibitor partially decreased ERK phosphorylation. Taken together, our in vitro results further support the hypothesis that leptin acts acutely on skeletal muscle tissue through some of the components of insulin signalling, including PKC‐ζ.
Oligomycin strengthens the effect of cyclosporin A on mitochondrial permeability transition by inducing phosphate uptake
Authors: Chávez Edmundo , Rodríguez José S. , García Gerardo , García Noemí , Correa Francisco 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to assess the effect of oligomycin on the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition. The antibiotic was found to strengthen cyclosporin A (CSA)‐induced protection of non‐specific permeability, which is triggered by a matrix Ca2+ load in the absence of ADP. Oligomycin also reinforced the protective effect of CSA on carboxyatractyloside‐induced pore opening in the absence of ADP, but failed to do so in mitochondria incubated under anaerobic conditions or after addition of CCCP. Analyzing the efflux of matrix Ca2+, we found that mitochondrial swelling and the collapse of the transmembrane electric gradient coincided with membrane leakage. The effects of the antibiotic were observed in phosphate‐containing media but not in the presence of acetate. Furthermore, N‐ethylmaleimide hindered the protective effect of oligomycin—CSA. In addition, the matrix phosphate concentration increased concurrently with a diminution in the matrix‐free fraction of Ca2+. We concluded that oligomycin increases phosphate uptake by stimulating the phosphate−/OH− exchange reaction.
Characterization of ATP and ADP hydrolysis activity in rat gastric mucosa
Authors: Savegnago Lucielli , Nogueira Cristina W. , Fachinetto Roselei , Rocha Joao Batista Teixeira 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe degradation of nucleotides is catalyzed by the family of enzymes called nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases). The aim of this work was to demonstrate the presence of NTPDase in the rat gastric mucosa. The enzyme was found to hydrolyze ATP and ADP at an optimum pH of 8.0 in the presence of Mg2+ and Ca2+. The inhibitors ouabain (0.01–1 mM), N‐ethylmaleimide (0.01–4 mM), levamisole (0.10–0.2 mM) and Ap5A (0.03 mM) had no effect on NTPDase 1 activity. Sodium azide (0.03–30 mM), at high concentrations (>0.1 mM), caused a parallel hydrolysis inhibition of ATP and ADP. Suramin (50–300 μM) inhibited ATP and ADP hydrolysis at all concentrations tested. Orthovanadate slightly inhibited (15%) Mg2+and Ca2+ ATP/ADPase at 100 μM. Lanthanum decreased Mg2+ and Ca2+ ATP/ADPase activities. The presence of NTPDase as ecto‐enzyme in the gastric mucosa may have an important role in the extracellular metabolism of nucleotides, suggesting that this enzyme plays a role in the control of acid and pepsin secretion, mucus production, and contractility of the stomach.
Osteocalcin is angiogenic in vivo
Authors: Cantatore Francesco Paolo , Crivellato Enrico , Nico Beatrice , Ribatti Domenico 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe exact function of osteocalcin (OC), a protein synthesized by osteoblasts during the matrix mineralization phase, is still unknown. In this study we investigated the capacity of OC to promote vasoproliferation in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), a well established in vivo assay for angiogenesis and anti‐angiogenesis. The results showed that OC stimulates angiogenesis and that the response is similar to that obtained with FGF‐2, a well‐known angiogenic cytokine. It has previously been demonstrated that OC is involved in bone repair, so the angiogenic activity reported here might also play a crucial role in bone formation.
Computed tomography guided lumbar sympathetic block for complex regional pain syndrome in a child: A case report and review
Authors: Nordmann Giles R. , Lauder Gillian R. , Grier David J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to describe the first reported use of computed tomography (CT) guided lumbar sympathetic block as treatment of a case of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) in a child. The potential aetiology of CRPS is discussed in relation to the mechanism of action of local anaesthetics used in the block. Based on the successful treatment of this child and the documented success of its use in adults, we conclude that despite the minimal dose of radiation given, CT guided lumbar sympathetic block is an important treatment option in CRPS in children.
Broad-bandwidth, sound scattering, and absorption from krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica), mysids (Praunus flexuosus and Neomysis integer), and shrimp (Crangon crangon)
Authors: Conti Stéphane G. , Demer David A. , Brierley Andrew S. 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Sound scattering and absorption by Northern krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica) were measured over the acoustic bandwidth of 30–210 kHz and compared with similar scattering measurements for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). The measurements of total target strength (TTS; energy scattered in all directions, averaged over all angles of incidence) match the SDWBA model (stochastic distorted-wave Born approximation) recently developed for Antarctic krill, indicating its validity for other euphausiid species with similar size and shape. However, the TTS of crustaceans with markedly different shapes are not well predicted by SDWBA derived with the generic krill shape and scaled to animal length (L). Therefore, crustacean target strength (TS) may not be estimated accurately by a linear function of log10(L), irrespective of shape, questioning the validity of the current TS relationship used for Antarctic krill derived from data measured from multiple crustaceans. TTS and TS are dependent upon both L and shape, and different crustaceans have significantly different shapes and width-to-length relationships. In contrast, modelled TTS and TS spectra for gravid and non-gravid krill appear to have differing amplitudes, but similar shapes. Additionally, measurements of absorption spectra from decapods indicate that the absorption cross-section increases with the volume of the animal.