bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparability of Elezanumab Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Japanese, Chinese, and White Participants
Authors: Kalluri Hari V. , Rosebraugh Matthew R. , Boehm Nils , Locke Charles , Ziemann Adam , Xiong Hao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElezanumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody, which is directed against repulsive guidance molecule A. The safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and immunogenicity of elezanumab were assessed in 2 Phase 1 clinical studies. The objective of this study was to assess the PK, safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity following intravenous infusion of elezanumab in healthy adult Japanese, Han Chinese, and Caucasian participants as well as Western participants from the single‐ascending‐dose study. Elezanumab exposures were approximately 20% higher in Japanese and Han Chinese participants compared to White participants without controlling for body weight. After statistically controlling for body weight by including it as a covariate, the PK of elezanumab in White participants were comparable to those in Japanese and Han Chinese participants. The clinical implications of these exposure differences are yet to be determined. All adverse events were assessed by the investigator as having no reasonable possibility of being related to the study drugs and were mild in severity. No positive immunogenicity effect was observed that impacted elezanumab exposure or safety.
Mutational profiling of mitochondrial DNA reveals an epithelial ovarian cancer‐specific evolutionary pattern contributing to high oxidative metabolism
Authors: Xie Fanfan , Guo Wenjie , Wang Xingguo , Zhou Kaixiang , Guo Shanshan , Liu Yang , Sun Tianlei , Li Shengjing , Xu Zhiyang , Yuan Qing , Zhang Huanqin , Gu Xiwen , Xing Jinliang , Liu Shujuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) heavily relies on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and exhibits distinct mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming. Up to now, the evolutionary pattern of somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in EOC tissues and their potential roles in metabolic remodelling have not been systematically elucidated.MethodsBased on a large somatic mtDNA mutation dataset from private and public EOC cohorts (239 and 118 patients, respectively), we most comprehensively characterised the EOC‐specific evolutionary pattern of mtDNA mutations and investigated its biological implication.ResultsMutational profiling revealed that the mitochondrial genome of EOC tissues was highly unstable compared with non‐cancerous ovary tissues. Furthermore, our data indicated the delayed heteroplasmy accumulation of mtDNA control region (mtCTR) mutations and near‐complete absence of mtCTR non‐hypervariable segment (non‐HVS) mutations in EOC tissues, which is consistent with stringent negative selection against mtCTR mutation. Additionally, we observed a bidirectional and region‐specific evolutionary pattern of mtDNA coding region mutations, manifested as significant negative selection against mutations in complex V (ATP6/ATP8) and tRNA loop regions, and potential positive selection on mutations in complex III (MT‐CYB). Meanwhile, EOC tissues showed higher mitochondrial biogenesis compared with non‐cancerous ovary tissues. Further analysis revealed the significant association between mtDNA mutations and both mitochondrial biogenesis and overall survival of EOC patients.ConclusionsOur study presents a comprehensive delineation of EOC‐specific evolutionary patterns of mtDNA mutations that aligned well with the specific mitochondrial metabolic remodelling, conferring novel insights into the functional roles of mtDNA mutations in EOC tumourigenesis and progression.
On the low‐frequency dispersion observed in dielectrophoresis spectra
Authors: Hughes Michael Pycraft , Clarke Krista S. P. , Hoque Rashedul , Griffiths Oreoluwa V. , Kruchek Emily J. , Bertagna Federico , Jeevaratnam Kamalan , Lewis Rebecca , Labeed Fatima H 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe foundation of dielectrophoresis (DEP) as a tool for biological investigation is the use of the Clausius–Mossotti (C–M) factor to model the observed behaviour of cells experiencing DEP across a frequency range. Nevertheless, it is also the case that at lower frequencies, the DEP spectrum deviates from predictions; there exists a rise in DEP polarisability, which varies in frequency and magnitude with different cell types and medium conductivities. In order to evaluate the origin of this effect, we have studied DEP spectra from five cell types (erythrocytes, platelets, neurons, HeLa cancer cells and monocytes) in several conditions including medium conductivity and cell treatment. Our results suggest the effect manifests as a low‐pass dispersion whose cut‐off frequency varies with membrane conductance and capacitance as determined using the DEP spectrum; the effect also varies as a logarithm of medium conductivity and Debye length. These together suggest that the values of membrane capacitance and conductance depend not only on the impedance of the membrane itself, but also of the surrounding double layer. The amplitude of the effect in different cell types compared to the C–M factor was found to correlate with the depolarisation factors for the cells’ shapes, suggesting that this ratio may be useful as an indicator of cell shape for DEP modelling.
Investigation of interactions between biological thiols and gold nanoparticles by capillary electrophoresis with laser‐induced fluorescence
Authors: Dosedělová Věra , Kubáň Petr 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBiological thiols spontaneously form a stable Au–S dative bond with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) that might be used for their selective extraction and enrichment in biological samples. In this work, interactions of selected biological thiols (glutathione, cysteine, homocysteine [Hcys], cysteamine [CA], and N‐acetylcysteine) with AuNP stabilized by different capping agents (citrate, Tween 20, Brij 35, CTAB, SDS) were investigated by UV–Vis spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis with laser‐induced fluorescence. Spectrophotometric measurements showed aggregation of Hcys and CA with AuNP. In contrast, it was confirmed by CE‐LIF that biological thiols were adsorbed to all types of AuNP. Citrate‐capped AuNP were selected for AuNP‐based extraction of biological thiols from exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Dithiothreitol was utilized for desorption of biological thiols from the AuNP surface, which was followed by derivatization with eosin‐5‐maleimide and CE‐LIF analysis. AuNP‐based extraction increased the sensitivity of CE‐LIF analysis; however, further optimization of methodology is necessary for accurate quantification of biological thiols in EBC.
Experimental investigation of 4‐cylinder compression–ignition engine parameters fueled by newly formulated hydrous ethanol–diesel‐emulsified fuel infused with nano‐sized γ‐Al2O3 particles
Authors: Vasistha Vishal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present study tested newly formulated hydrous ethanol–diesel‐emulsified fuel infused with nano‐sized γ‐Al2O3 particles on a turbocharged CRDI 4‐cylinder stationary diesel engine. W5H5, W5H10, and W10H5 test fuels were inducted into engine cylinders at a fixed engine speed of 2000 rpm. These test fuels significantly improved their physicochemical properties, with an 8.80% increase in gross calorific value and a 6.52% growth in cetane index. W5H10 exhibited a 16.01% increment in brake thermal efficiency and a 22.22% decrement in brake‐specific fuel consumption. Also, this fuel reported an 8.64% higher in‐cylinder pressure and a 40.71% higher heat release rate. W5H10 test fuel noted a 50% dip in carbon monoxide emissions and an 84.56% lower smoke opacity than diesel. W5H5 fuel reported 33.33% lower unburnt hydrocarbons than diesel at full load. W10H5 fuel observed an 88.46% drop in nitrogen oxide emissions compared with diesel at 10% engine load. The author found W5H10 the most suitable fuel for diesel engines with no modification costs.
Influence of state of charge inconsistency on electrical performance and thermal runaway characteristics in 2 serials 1 parallel lithium‐ion battery pack
Authors: Xie Zhongsheng , Wang Zhirong , Liu Jialong , Gao Tianfeng , Yan Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are connected in series during use. State of charge (SOC) difference between two batteries will exist after charging/discharging owing to the capacity or resistance difference between them. This is also seen as SOC inconsistency. SOC inconsistency may cause battery electrical abuse. In this manuscript, a battery testing system, scanning electron microscope, heat furnace, and so on were employed to investigate the influence of SOC inconsistency on electrical performance and thermal runaway (TR) characteristics in 2 serials 1 parallel (2S1P) LIB pack after cycling. The results indicated that the cell with higher SOC in an inconsistent 2S1P pack was overcharged to 4.63 V during first charging, and the cell with lower SOC was over‐discharged to 1.90 V during first discharging. The cell with higher SOC became both overcharged and over‐discharged gradually with cycles. The cell with lower SOC became neither overcharged nor over‐discharged gradually. The electrical performance and TR characteristics of the cell with higher SOC became worse, while that of the cell with lower SOC did not change obviously. The state of health for cells with higher SOC decreased from 100% to 58% after 80 cycles. The time interval between current interrupt device activation and onset temperature of TR for cells with higher SOC was reduced by 183 s, and the maximum surface temperature increased by 34°C.
Phytochemical profile, nutritional composition of pomegranate peel and peel extract as a potential source of nutraceutical: A comprehensive review
Authors: Azmat Faiza , Safdar Mahpara , Ahmad Hajra , Khan Muhammad Rizwan Jamil , Abid Junaid , Naseer Muhammad Sadiq , Aggarwal Saurabh , Imran Ali , Khalid Urma , Zahra Syeda Mahvish , Islam Fakhar , Cheema Sadia Arif , Shehzadi Umber , Ali Rehman , Kinki Abdela Befa , Ali Yuosra Amer , Suleria Hafiz Ansar Rasul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe current study focuses on Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) peel and peel extract and their use as functional foods, food additives, or physiologically active constituents in nutraceutical formulations. The pomegranate peel extract is a good source of bioactive substances needed for the biological activity of the fruit, including phenolic acids, minerals, flavonoids (anthocyanins), and hydrolyzable tannins (gallic acid). The macromolecules found in pomegranate peel and peel extract have been recommended as substitutes for synthetic nutraceuticals, food additives, and chemo‐preventive agents because of their well‐known ethno‐medical significance and chemical properties. Moreover, considering the promises for both their health‐promoting activities and chemical properties, the dietary and nutraceutical significance of pomegranate peel and pomegranate peel extract appears to be underestimated. The present review article details their nutritional composition, phytochemical profile, food applications, nutraceutical action, and health benefits.
Schwann cell‐derived exosomes promote lung cancer progression via miRNA‐21‐5p
Authors: Zhou Yan , Zhang Yao , Xu Jianlin , Wang Yue , Yang Yu , Wang Weimin , Gu Aiqin , Han Baohui , Shurin Galina V. , Zhong Runbo , Shurin Michael R. , Zhong Hua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSchwann cells (SCs), the primary glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, which have been identified in many solid tumors, play an important role in cancer development and progression by shaping the tumor immunoenvironment and supporting the development of metastases. Using different cellular, molecular, and genetic approaches with integrated bioinformatics analysis and functional assays, we revealed the role of human SC‐derived exosomal miRNAs in lung cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. We found that exosomal miRNA‐21 from SCs up‐regulated the proliferation, motility, and invasiveness of human lung cancer cells in vitro, which requires functional Rab small GTPases Rab27A and Rab27B in SCs for exosome release. We also revealed that SC exosomal miRNA‐21‐5p regulated the functional activation of tumor cells by targeting metalloprotease inhibitor RECK in tumor cells. Integrated bioinformatic analyses showed that hsa‐miRNA‐21‐5p is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and can promote lung cancer progression through multiple signaling pathways including the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and TNF signaling. Furthermore, in mouse xenograft models, SC exosomes and SC exosomal hsa‐miRNA‐21‐5p augmented human lung cancer cell growth and lymph node metastasis in vivo. Together our data revealed, for the first time, that SC‐secreted exosomes and exosomal miRNA‐21‐5p promoted the proliferation, motility, and spreading of human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, exosomal miRNA‐21 may play an oncogenic role in SC‐accelerated progression of lung cancer and this pathway may serve as a new therapeutic target for further evaluation.
Side‐door temporoparietal fascia flap: First experience with a novel technique for anterior skull base reconstruction
Authors: Bresson Damien , Hudelist Benoit , Gaudioso Piergiorgio , Moya‐Plana Antoine , Herman Philippe , Idriceanu Tania , Nicolai Piero , Ferrari Marco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundModern achievements in transnasal endoscopic skull base (SB) surgery have led to complex resections that render reconstruction a challenge. Temporoparietal fascia flap (TPFF) is a suitable option for SB reconstruction. The side‐door TPFF technique for anterior SB reconstruction is described here for the first time in a real‐life surgical setting.MethodsPatients affected by a SB malignancy who underwent cranioendoscopic resection were included. For reconstruction, a multilayer reconstruction technique including side‐door TPFF transposition was employed.ResultsTPFF transposition was performed in five patients. The TPFF could be easily transposed via a side‐door approach. It adequately covered the edges of the defect and supported optimal healing of the surgical site. During follow‐up, vitality and integration of the TPFF were assessed endoscopically and radiologically.ConclusionsThe TPFF side‐door transposition technique is a valuable option in anterior SB reconstruction that can provide fast and effective healing, especially in patients needing adjuvant radiotherapy.
Operational status of mental health, substance use, and problem gambling services: A system‐level snapshot two years into the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Hao Sherry , McLuhan Arthur , Moloney Gary , Kaur Nerinderjit , Moineddin Rahim , Turner Nigel E. , Matheson Flora I. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this paper is to provide a system‐level snapshot of the operational status of mental health, substance use, and problem gambling services 2 years into the pandemic in Ontario, Canada, with a specific focus on services that target individuals experiencing vulnerable circumstances (e.g., homelessness and legal issues).MethodsWe examined data from 6038 publicly funded community services that provide mental health, substance use, and problem gambling services in Ontario. We used descriptive statistics to describe counts and percentages by service type and specialisation of service delivery. We generated cross‐tabulations to analyse the relationship between the service status and service type for each target population group.ResultsAs of March 2022, 38.4% (n = 2321) of services were fully operational, including 36.0% (n = 1492) of mental health, 44.1% (n = 1037) of substance use, and 23.4% (n = 78) of problem gambling services. These service disruptions were also apparent among services tailored to sexual/gender identity (women/girls, men/boys, 2SLGBTQQIA + individuals), individuals with legal issues, with acquired brain injury, and those experiencing homelessness.ConclusionAccessible community‐based mental health, substance use and problem gambling services are critical supports, particularly for communities that have historically contended with higher needs and greater barriers to care relative to the general population. We discuss the public health implications of the findings for the ongoing pandemic response and future emergency preparedness planning for community‐based mental health, substance use and problem gambling services.
A systematic review of qualitative research on the self‐management experience of breast cancer patients
Authors: Sun Xi‐Bo , Su He‐Peng , Jiang He , Wang Bing , Lu Shuai , Qu Jin‐Xiu , Li Xiang‐Qi , Rao Ben‐Qiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo integrate the qualitative research on the self‐management experience of breast cancer patients and conduct a systematic review of their self‐management experience.MethodsUsing a computer to search a series of databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and China Biomedical Database, systematically collect and integrate qualitative research on the self‐management experience of breast cancer patients, and the search time is limited to January 2010 to December 2022. The qualitative research quality evaluation standard of the Joanna Briggs Institute Centre for Evidence‐Based Health Care in Australia was used as the evaluation standard of this project to complete the accurate evaluation of the literature; Meta‐analysis was used to complete the effective integration of the results.Results17 pieces of literature were included in this project, and 37 research results with strong integrity were extracted accordingly. On this basis, 7 different categories were summarised, and three integrated results were obtained: the experience of maintaining self‐management, symptom recognition, and self‐management.ConclusionIn the different stages of self‐management of breast cancer patients, medical staff should give targeted guidance to help patients obtain a good prognosis.
Effect of fasedienol (PH94B) pherine nasal spray and steroidal hormones on electrogram responses and autonomic nervous system activity in healthy adult volunteers
Authors: Monti Louis , Hanover Rita , Salmán Ester , Baker Ross A. , Lappalainen Jaakko , Smith Mark 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveFasedienol (PH94B) is a pherine compound formulated as a nasal spray that is hypothesized to regulate olfactory‐amygdala circuits of fear and anxiety. Fasedienol's effect on the local electrogram of nasal chemosensory neurons (EGNR) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses versus steroidal hormones and controls in healthy adults is reported.MethodsEight males and 8 females randomly received aerosolized control (propylene glycol) and study drugs (fasedienol, 17β‐estradiol, progesterone, cortisol, and testosterone, 0.4 μg each in propylene glycol) onto the nasal septum mucosal lining at 30‐min intervals over 2 sessions. EGNR was continuously monitored; autonomic parameters were recorded before and after administration.ResultsFasedienol significantly increased EGNR amplitude (males: 5.0 vs. 0.6 mV, p < 0.001; females:5.7 vs. 0.6 mV, p < 0.001), and rapidly reduced respiratory rate (p < 0.05), heart rate (p < 0.01), and electrodermal activity (p < 0.05) versus control. EGNR and ANS responses after steroidal hormone administration were similar to control. 81% reported feeling less tense/more relaxed after receiving fasedienol, but not after receiving either control or steroidal hormones.ConclusionsIntranasal fasedienol, but not control or steroidal hormones, activated EGNR and rapidly reduced ANS responses, consistent with sympatholytic effects. Combined with subjective reports, results suggest fasedienol may provide acute relief in anxiety conditions.
Poor oral health and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Malawi
Authors: Kaimila Bongani , Yano Yukiko , Mulima Gift , Chen Yingxi , Kajombo Chifundo , Salima Ande , Khan Shiraz , Gopal Satish , Dawsey Sanford M. , Abnet Christian C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the second most common cancer in Malawi. Risk factors for this cancer in Malawi are poorly understood. Poor oral health has previously been linked to increased ESCC risk in other high‐incidence regions, including parts of Eastern and Southern Africa. We assessed the relationship between oral health and ESCC risk in a sex, age and location frequency‐matched case–control study based at two hospitals in Lilongwe, Malawi from 2017 to 2020. Trained interviewers used a structured questionnaire and direct observation to collect data on demographics; behaviors; oral hygiene habits; the sum of decayed, missing or filled teeth (DMFT score); oral mucosa status; lip depigmentation and dental fluorosis via a visual scale. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), adjusted for known and suspected ESCC risk factors. During the study period, 300 cases and 300 controls were enrolled. Subjects in the highest tertile of DMFT score (≥7) had an increased risk of ESCC with an adjusted OR of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.16–3.36) compared to those with a DMFT score of 0. Severe dental fluorosis was associated with a statistically nonsignificant increased risk of ESCC (adjusted OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 0.97–5.49) compared to individuals with no fluorosis. Associations with oral mucosa status, lip depigmentation and toothbrushing method and frequency were mostly null or uncertain. Poor oral health, indicated by a higher DMFT score, was associated with increased ESCC risk in Malawi. Dental fluorosis is another possible risk factor in this population, but further evaluation is necessary to clarify any effects of fluorosis on ESCC risk.
Sur les phénomènes critiques de dissolution dans les systèmes ternaires
Authors: Prigogine I. 
Published: January 2024

RÉSUMÉEn introduisant la loi des coëfficients d'activité des solutions strictement régulières dans les équations générales de Gibbs relatives aux phénomènes critiques des systèmes ternaires, l'auteur obtient une expression remarquable permettant de calculer la variation de la température critique de dissolution d'un système binaire lorsqu'on ajoute des petites quantités d'un troisième constituant. La formule obtenue met clairement en évidence le rôle essentiel joué par le rapport des solubilités du troisième constituant dans les deux premiers et interprète ainsi les résultats expérimentaux obtenus précédemment en particulier par Timmermans.
Drawing your way out: Imagery rehearsal based art therapy (IR‐AT) for post‐traumatic nightmares in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Kehr Timea , Haeyen Suzanne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPosttraumatic nightmares (PTN) are a frequent symptom after a traumatic event and often play part in the psychopathology of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) currently offers the best evidence for an effective treatment to reduce PTNs, although high drop‐out rates are common. Art therapy in IRT may counteract this, by its indirect, nonverbal, and often playful approach that helps to break through avoidance. This case study focusses on the perception of a patient with BPD in an art therapy based IRT treatment for patients with PTNs. It tells the story of Aurelia, a 40‐year‐old woman who, within this treatment, processes traumatic contents of her childhood like physical and sexual violence, but also current interactional problems that manifest themselves in her nightmares. Following the IR‐AT treatment for PTNs Aurelia noticed a reduction in her nightmares, was less afraid of them and felt calmer towards her trauma. She expressed herself in the art medium and by this developed more self‐efficacy. Her process resulted in an integration of the trauma and a perceived decrease in borderline symptoms. Future research can build on this basis to further explore the mechanisms and effects of IR‐AT for PTNs.