bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-Cell Transcriptome Reveals Cell Type–Specific Molecular Pathology in a 2VO Cerebral Ischemic Mouse Model
Authors: Zhang Qian , Xu Zhong , Guo Jian-Feng , Shen Shang-Hang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPost-ischemia memory impairment is a major sequela in cerebral ischemia patients. However, cell type–specific molecular pathology in the hippocampus after ischemia is poorly understood. In this study, we adopted a mouse two-vessel occlusion ischemia model (2VO model) to mimic cerebral ischemia–induced memory impairment and investigated the single-cell transcriptome in the hippocampi in 2VO mice. A total of 27,069 cells were corresponding 14 cell types with neuronal, glial, and vascular lineages. We next analyzed cell-specific gene alterations in 2VO mice and the function of these cell-specific genes. Differential expression analysis identified cell type–specific genes with altered expression in neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes in 2VO mice. Notably, four subtypes of oligodendrocyte precursor cells with distinct differentiation pathways were suggested. Taken together, this is the first single-cell transcriptome analysis of gene expression in a 2VO model. Furthermore, we suggested new types of oligodendrocyte precursor cells with angiogenesis and neuroprotective potential, which might offer opportunities to identify new avenues of research and novel targets for ischemia treatment.
Comparison of Spectroscopic Techniques Using the Adulteration of Pumpkin Seed Oil as Example
Authors: Lörchner Carolin , Fauhl-Hassek Carsten , Glomb Marcus A. , Baeten Vincent , Fernández Pierna Juan A. , Esslinger Susanne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare different spectroscopic techniques using the example of adulteration of pumpkin seed oil with rapeseed oil in combination with a multivariate regression method. A total of 124 pure seed oils and 96 adulterated samples (adulteration levels from 0.5 to 90.0% w/w) were analyzed using mid infrared, Raman, and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. To build quantification models, partial least squares regression (PLS-R) was used. The regression performance parameters, latent variables, and the detection limits (in terms of root mean square error of PLS prediction) calculated when applying the different spectroscopic approaches were compared. For the studied example (pumpkin seed oil adulterated with refined rapeseed oil), the lowest detection limit (3.4% w/w) was obtained for 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. For the mid infrared and Raman spectroscopy, detection limits of 4.8% w/w and 9.2% w/w, respectively, were obtained, which might be used as screening methods.
Dynamic Changes of the Infralimbic Cortex and Its Regulation of the Prelimbic Cortex in Rats with Chronic Inflammatory Pain
Authors: Ma Longyu , Yue Lupeng , Liu Shuting , Zhang Yu , Zhang Meng , Cui Shuang , Liu Feng-Yu , Yi Ming , Wan You 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe prelimbic cortex (PL) is actively engaged in pain modulation. The infralimbic cortex (IL) has been reported to regulate the PL. However, how this regulation affects pain remains unclear. In the present study, we recorded temporary hyper-activity of PL pyramidal neurons responding to nociceptive stimuli, but a temporary hypo-function of the IL by in vivo electrophysiological recording in rats with peripheral inflammation. Manipulation of the PL or IL had opposite effects on thermal hyperalgesia. Furthermore, the functional connectivity and chemogenetic regulation between the subregions indicated an inhibitory influence of the IL on the PL. Activation of the pathway from the IL to the PL alleviated thermal hyperalgesia, whereas its inhibition exacerbated chronic pain. Overall, our results suggest a new mechanism underlying the role of the medial prefrontal cortex in chronic pain: hypo-function of the IL leads to hyperactivity of the PL, which regulates thermal hyperalgesia, and thus contributes to the chronicity of pain.
Properties of fibre-reinforced self-compacting concrete subjected to prolonged mixing: an experimental and fuzzy logic investigation
Authors: Ghodousian Oveys , Garcia Reyes , Ghodousian Amin , Mohammad Nezhad Ayandeh Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the effect of prolonged mixing on the rheological properties and compressive strength of fibre-reinforced self-compacting concretes (FRSCCs). Twenty FRSCC mixes with five cementitious material contents (300, 350, 400, 450 and 500 kg/m3) and three types of fibres and dosages (polypropylene at 0.1%, steel at 1.0%, or synthetic at 1.0%) were first produced. The mixes were then subjected to four mixing intervals of 20 min each (total mixing time = 80 min). The rheological properties of the fresh FRSCC mixes were examined, and the corresponding compressive strength of the hardened FRSCCs was subsequently obtained. Overall, the results from slump flow, T50, V-funnel and L-box tests on fresh mixes, as well as the 28-day compressive strength on the hardened FRSCCs, were in line with previous results reported in the literature. The results show that all mixes lost their self-compacting properties after 80 min of mixing. It was also found that mixes with high cementitious material contents (500 kg/m3) and highest polypropylene fibre dosage were most affected by prolonged mixing, with average losses of 30% and 35% in rheological properties and compressive strength, respectively. Based on the test results, this study proposes a novel fuzzy logic approach to predict the slump loss and at 28-day compressive strength loss of FRSCCs subjected to prolonged mixing. This article contributes towards a better understanding of FRSCCs after prolonged mixing, which can help make informed decisions about their use in new and repaired concrete structures.
Green solutions and new technologies for sustainable management of fungus and oomycete diseases in the citrus fruit supply chain
Authors: Rovetto Ermes Ivan , La Spada Federico , Aloi Francesco , Riolo Mario , Pane Antonella , Garbelotto Matteo , Cacciola Santa Olga 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis review deals with major diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes in the citrus supply chain, including post-harvest fruit diseases, and summarizes the strategies and techniques that may be adopted to prevent the damages and losses they cause. Its scope is to highlight the contribute that smart technologies provide towards new solutions for sustainable and safe management strategies of these diseases. Particular attention is given to the application of biopesticides, natural substances, resistance inducers and biostimulants to prevent fruit rots. The review focuses also on mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi that contaminate fresh fruit and food products derived from citrus fruit, an aspect that has been little investigated and regulated so far. An additional relevant aspect addressed by the review is the early detection and routine diagnosis of fungal and oomycete pathogens that threat the international trade and long-distance shipment of citrus fruit, with a particular emphasis on quarantine pathogens. In this respect, the opportunities offered by new practical, rapid, sensitive and robust molecular diagnostic methods are briefly discussed.
Improved properties and salt rejection of polysulfone membrane by incorporation of hydrophilic cobalt-doped ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Ba-Abbad Muneer M. , Mahmud Nafis , Benamor Abdelbaki , Mahmoudi Ebrahim , Takriff Mohd S. , Mohammad Abdul Wahab 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, the nanoparticles (NPs) of ZnO and Co2+ ions doped ZnO (doped ZnO) were incorporated into a matrix of polysulfone (PSf) membranes to enhance their surface properties prepared using a simple wet phase inversion technique. The hybrid PSf membranes were fabricated with 0.5 wt. % of ZnO and doped ZnO NPs. These membranes were characterized using XRD, TGA, FESEM-EDX, and salt rejection performance. The hydrophilicity of PSf membranes was improved by adding of ZnO and doped ZnO NPs which showed a decrease in contact angle values from 82° to 62° with an increased flux with water. Among the prepared membranes, doped ZnO NPs showed the highest salt rejection for both sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) compared to pure PSf and PSf with ZnO NPs which confirm the improvement contact angle and water permeability. Overall, the results of this study showed that embedding a small amount of Co2+ ions doped ZnO NPs with PSf has significant potential to be applied in industrial-scale membrane applications.
The impact of brivaracetam on cognitive processes and anxiety in various experimental models
Authors: Zwierzyńska Ewa , Pietrzak Bogusława 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Memory deficits and anxiety symptoms are undesirable effects that occur in epilepsy patients. They may be associated with the pathophysiology of the disease but also with anticonvulsant therapy. Brivaracetam (BRV) is one of the newest antiseizure drugs. It acts as a ligand for synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A), which may play a significant role in cognitive processes. Although BRV has a favorable safety profile, its central side effects remain unclear. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of BRV on various types of memory and anxiety in rats.

Methods
BRV was given to adult male Wistar rats (n = 80) via gastric tube as a single dose (6 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg) or chronically (6 mg/kg). The effect of the drug on spatial memory was evaluated in the Morris water maze (MWM), fear-learning by passive avoidance (PA), and recognition memory with novel object recognition (NOR). The elevated plus maze (EPM) was used to assess anxiety-like behaviors.

Results
The impact of BRV on memory is dose-dependent and mainly high doses may alter retrieval memory and fear-learning. Sub-chronic administration also impaired retrieval and spatial memory in animals. Moreover, chronic BRV may increase anxiety levels in rats but did not affect recognition memory.

Conclusions
BRV may cause transient memory deficits as well as anxiety disturbances. However, the results are varied and depend on the type of memory, used dose, and duration of administration.
Foam control in biotechnological processes—challenges and opportunities
Authors: Tiso Till , Demling Philipp , Karmainski Tobias , Oraby Amira , Eiken Jens , Liu Luo , Bongartz Patrick , Wessling Matthias , Desmond Peter , Schmitz Simone , Weiser Sophie , Emde Frank , Czech Hannah , Merz Juliane , Zibek Susanne , Blank Lars M. , Regestein Lars 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFoam formation is a massive challenge in submerged aerated bioprocesses, e.g., in beer fermentation. While the use of antifoam may easily overcome foaming at laboratory scale, it is often an unattractive solution since the challenge remains in future upscaling, as reduced mass transfer and extra steps in product purification and analytics result in increased costs. Interestingly, the number of studies tackling this challenge is relatively low, although literature suggests a range of alternatives, from avoiding foaming to means of controlling or even using foaming as an in situ product removal. Here we give an overview of the topic in five subsections. (1) We argue that a sound understanding of the molecular origin of foaming can facilitate solutions for overcoming the challenge while introducing some long-known challenges (i.e., in beer fermentation). We then review in (2) the apparent avoidance of foam formation before we in (3) summarize possibilities to reduce and control foam after its formation. Subsequently, in (4), we discuss possible solutions that take advantage of foam formation, for example, via foam fractionation for in situ product removal. Finally, in (5), we provide an overview of microbial strain engineering approaches to cope with some aspects of foaming in fermentations. With this review, we would like to sensitize and inform the interested reader while offering an overview of the current literature for the expert, particularly with regard to the foam special issue in Discover Chemical Engineering.
Effect of papain enzyme surface modification on hydrophilic and comfort properties of polyester/cotton blend fabric
Authors: Tegegne Worku , Haile Adane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, the authors used an enzyme called papain sourced from the Carica Papaya to improve the comfort and water-absorbing properties of a fabric made from a blend of polyester and cotton (65/35). The experiment was designed using the Box Behnken method to determine the most important variable and the best levels of parameters. The focus was on testing the wettability, moisture regain, and surface characteristics of the material. The results showed that all the comfort properties of the fabric improved after treatment with papain enzyme. After testing different parameters, the best conditions for treating the fabric with papain enzyme were determined to be a temperature of 30 °C, a papain concentration of 14%, and a treatment time of 50 min. Under these optimized conditions, the moisture regain and wettability of the polyester/cotton blend fabric treated with papain enzyme improved to 1.9 ± 0.02% and 6 cm capillary rise (measured with a 2-s drop test and 2-s sinking time) within just 3 min of wicking time. The Polyester/cotton blend fabrics treated with papain enzyme exhibited several noteworthy characteristics, including a significantly reduced susceptibility to fabric pilling (4–5), a limited capacity to attract oily impurities, and a high oil-soil-release capability with a stain removal index of 85%. Additionally, the fabrics showed a one-order-of-magnitude decrease in surface resistivity under normal conditions, with a half-life decay time of 513 s. Observations of the treated fabrics revealed the presence of cracks, grooves, nanostructures, and a high degree of roughness on the surfaces that were treated with papain enzyme. To further evaluate the effects of the lipase enzyme treatment on the fabric properties, several tests were conducted, including Fourier Trasform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Moisture Regain, Tensile Strength, Stain Repellency, pilling resistance, and Anti-static charge generation.
Correlation of lung immune prognostic index with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in Chinese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhi Xiaoyu , Zhang Zhibo , Li Weiwei , Dong Zhouhuan , Wu Xiaodong , Ge Xiangwei , Zhai Jinzhao , Lu Di , Yan Xiang , Wang Jinliang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose

Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improves the prognoses of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but is ineffective in some patients. The lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) can predict response to ICIs treatment in European patients with NSCLC. This study assessed the correlation of LIPI score with outcomes in Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC receiving ICIs.

Methods
A total of 305 Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC who received ICIs were ultimately included. LIPI score was determined by a high derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR > 3) and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and classified as “good” (0), “intermediate” (1), or “poor” (2). The effects of baseline LIPI on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR), and overall response rate (ORR) were analyzed.

Results
The good LIPI group had better OS (26.0 months, P < 0.0001) and PFS (10.5 months, P < 0.0001) than the other two groups, but the three groups had similar ORR (P = 0.222). DCR was 79%, 65%, and 47% in the good, intermediate, and poor LIPI groups, respectively (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis indicated that an intermediate LIPI score (HR = 1.56, P = 0.005) and a poor LIPI score (HR = 2.68, P < 0.001) were independent predictors of poor OS. The findings were similar for PFS. DCR had a significant negative correlation with the LIPI score (P = 0.045).

Conclusion
Our results confirmed that a good LIPI score was related to prolonged survival and better response to ICIs in Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC. The LIPI score might be useful for selecting patients most likely to benefit from ICIs treatment.
Exploring the impact of design tool usage on design for additive manufacturing processes and outcomes
Authors: Budinoff Hannah D. , McMains Sara , Shonkwiler Sara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Improving designers’ ability to identify manufacturing constraints during design can help reduce the time and cost involved in the development of new products. Different design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) tools exist, but the design outcomes produced using such tools are often evaluated without comparison to existing tools. This study addresses the research gap by directly comparing design performance using two design support tools: a worksheet listing DfAM principles and a manufacturability analysis software tool that analyzes compliance with the same principles. In a randomized-controlled study, 49 nonexpert designers completed a design task to improve the manufacturability of a 3D-printed part using either the software tool or the worksheet tool. In this study, design outcome data (creativity and manufacturability) and design process data (task load and time taken) were measured. We identified statistically significant differences in the number of manufacturability violations in the software and worksheet groups and the creativity of the designs with novel build orientations. Results demonstrated limitations associated with lists of principles and highlighted the potential of software in promoting creativity by encouraging the exploration of alternative build orientations. This study provides support for using software to help designers, particularly nonexpert designers who rely on trial and error during design, evaluate the manufacturability of their designs more effectively, thereby promoting concurrent engineering design practices.
Tropical Fock–Goncharov coordinates for -webs on surfaces I: construction
Authors: Douglas Daniel C. , Sun Zhe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
For a finite-type surface

$\mathfrak {S}$

, we study a preferred basis for the commutative algebra

$\mathbb {C}[\mathscr {R}_{\mathrm {SL}_3(\mathbb {C})}(\mathfrak {S})]$

of regular functions on the

$\mathrm {SL}_3(\mathbb {C})$

-character variety, introduced by Sikora–Westbury. These basis elements come from the trace functions associated to certain trivalent graphs embedded in the surface

$\mathfrak {S}$

. We show that this basis can be naturally indexed by nonnegative integer coordinates, defined by Knutson–Tao rhombus inequalities and modulo 3 congruence conditions. These coordinates are related, by the geometric theory of Fock and Goncharov, to the tropical points at infinity of the dual version of the character variety.
Social cognition, emotion regulation and social competence in classical galactosemia patients without intellectual disability
Authors: Hermans Merel E. , Geurtsen Gert J. , Hollak Carla E.M. , Janssen Mirian C.H. , Langendonk Janneke G. , Merckelbach Valerie L.V. , Oussoren Esmee , Oostrom Kim J. , Bosch Annet M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjective:Classical galactosemia (CG) is an inborn error of galactose metabolism. Many CG patients suffer from long-term complications including poor cognitive functioning. There are indications of social dysfunction but limited evidence in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to improve our understanding of social competence in CG by investigating social cognition, neurocognition and emotion regulation.Methods:A comprehensive (neuro)psychological test battery, including self and proxy questionnaires, was administered to CG patients without intellectual disability. Social cognition was assessed by facial emotion recognition, Theory of Mind and self-reported empathy. Standardised results were compared to normative data of the general population.Results:Data from 23 patients (aged 8–52) were included in the study. On a group level, CG patients reported satisfaction with social roles and no social dysfunction despite the self-report of lower social skills. They showed deficits in all aspects of social cognition on both performance tests (emotion recognition and Theory of Mind) and self-report questionnaires (empathy). Adults had a lower social participation than the general population. Parents reported lower social functioning, less adaptive emotion regulation and communication difficulties in their children. Individual differences in scores were present.Conclusion:This study shows that CG patients without intellectual disability are satisfied with their social competence, especially social functioning. Nevertheless, deficits in social cognition are present in a large proportion of CG patients. Due to the large variability in scores and discrepancies between self- and proxy-report, an individually tailored, comprehensive neuropsychological assessment including social cognition is advised in all CG patients. Treatment plans need to be customised to the individual patient.
Nesting biology and nest structure of the exotic bee Megachile sculpturalis
Authors: Bogo Gherardo , Fisogni Alessandro , Iannone Antonio , Grillenzoni Francesca-Vittoria , Corvucci Francesca , Bortolotti Laura 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFrom the 1990s, the Southeast Asia native giant resin bee Megachile sculpturalis (Smith, 1853) was introduced first to North America, and then to many countries in Europe. Despite increasing studies on its invasive potential and geographical expansion, information on nesting behaviour of this species is still extremely scarce. To increase knowledge on the nesting biology of M. sculpturalis, we studied multiple aspects of nesting and pollen provisioning in three consecutive years in artificial nests in Bologna, Italy. We observed 166 bees visiting nests, and followed individual nesting behaviour and success of 41 adult females. We measured cavity diameter in 552 nests and characterised the structure in 100 of them. More than 95% of nest diameters ranged between 0.6 and 1.2 cm, overlapping with several sympatric species of cavity-nesting hymenopterans in the study area. Most nests had a first chamber from the entrance of variable length without brood, followed by an average of about two brood cells with a mean length of 2.85 ± 0.13 cm each. The pollen stored in brood cells was almost monofloral, belonging to the ornamental plant Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott. We estimated that a single female should visit ≈180 flowers to collect enough pollen for a single brood cell. These results fill knowledge gaps on the nesting biology and nest structure of the exotic M. sculpturalis, and they are discussed in relation to possible competition with native bees for nesting sites and foraging resources.