bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DL‐malic acid for inhibiting the re‐ignition of long‐flame coal and its micro‐reaction mechanism
Authors: Bu Yun‐chuan , Niu Hui‐yong , Wang Hai‐yan , Qiu Tian , Yang Yan‐xiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo study the metal ion chelating agent (DL‐malic acid) inhibiting oxidation characteristics of residual coal in goaf, the microscopic thermal transformation characteristics of the treated coal samples were obtained using apparent morphology, infrared spectroscopy, free radical testing, and thermal analysis. The results demonstrate that after the addition of malic acid, the sphericity and roundness of the coal samples decrease, and the small fractured particles accumulate in the pores of the oxidized coal samples and, thereby, reduce the number of coal–oxygen contact sites. The addition of 10% malic acid promotes the conversion of functional groups (FG) and free radicals in pre‐oxidized coal, inhibits the catalytic effect of metal ions, generates more active sites, and increases the total heat release during the combustion process. There are strong endothermic points in the malic acid‐treated coal samples, and the free water evaporation blocked by small particles in the holes delays the initial heat release temperature of the coal samples. Pre‐oxidation can promote changes in the valence state of metal ions in coal, increase the adhesion between broken pre‐oxidized coal particles via malic acid chelation, and lose the catalytic effect of metal ions; this inhibits the process of oxidative re‐ignition of coal samples.
Cranial osteology and paleoneurology of Tarjadia ruthae: An erpetosuchid pseudosuchian from the Triassic Chañares Formation (late Ladinian‐?early Carnian) of Argentina
Authors: Desojo J. B. , von Baczko M. B. , Ezcurra M. D. , Fiorelli L. E. , Martinelli A. G. , Bona P. , Trotteyn M. J. , Lacerda M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTarjadia ruthae is a quadrupedal terrestrial pseudosuchian from the Middle‐early Upper Triassic of the Chañares Formation, La Rioja Province, Argentina. Originally, this species was identified as an indeterminate archosaur and later as a doswelliid archosauriform based on very fragmentary specimens characterized by the ornamentation of the skull roof and osteoderms. Additional specimens (including skulls and postcrania) recovered in the last decade show that Tarjadia is an erpetosuchid, an enigmatic pseudosuchian group composed of six species registered in Middle‐Upper Triassic continental units of Tanzania, Germany, Scotland, North America, Brazil, and Argentina. Tarjadia ruthae from Argentina and Parringtonia gracilis from Tanzania are the best preserved and more abundant species. Although the monophyly of Erpetosuchidae is well supported, alternative high‐level positions within Archosauria have been suggested, such as sister taxon to Crocodylomorpha, Aetosauria, or Ornithosuchidae. In order to improve the knowledge about the erpetosuchids, we performed a detailed description and paleoneurological reconstruction of the skull of Tarjadia ruthae, based on two articulated partial skulls (CRILAR‐Pv 478 and CRILAR‐Pv 495) and other fragmentary specimens. We analyzed the stratigraphic and geographic occurrence of historical and new specimens of Tarjadia and provided a new emended diagnosis (the same for the genus as for the species, due to monotypy) along with a comparative description of the cranial endocast. The skull of Tarjadia is robust, with a thick and strongly ornamented skull roof, triangular in dorsal view, with concave lateral margins at mid‐length that form an abrupt widened posterior region. The external nares are the smallest openings of the skull. The antorbital fossa is deeply excavated and has a small heart‐shaped fenestra with both lobes pointing anteriorly. The supratemporal fenestrae are as large and rounded as the orbits, and the infratemporal fenestrae are L‐shaped with an extensive excavation along the jugal, quadratojugal and quadrate. The hemimandibles are low, slightly concave on the dentigerous region and strongly convex on the posterior region, conferring them a S‐shaped profile in dorsal view. The external mandibular fenestra is small and elliptic, being twice longer than high. The maxillary dentition is restricted to the anterior to mid region of the rostrum. Since the braincase of both specimens is partially damaged, the dorsal surface of the brain could not be entirely reconstructed. As a result, the endocast is anteroposteriorly elongated and seemingly flat, and the cephalic flexure seems to be lower than expected for a suchian. The labyrinth is twice wider than high, the semicircular canals are remarkably straight, and the anterior canal is longer than the posterior one.
Exponential robust control for fuzzy belt conveyors model with adaptive tension force
Authors: Yue Yanbo , Li Chenming , Zong Chengguo , Zhang Dongyue , Zhou Manshan , Hao Nini 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere exist multiple uncertainties in the belt conveyor system. To reduce the system errors and save the control energy, the uncertainties need to be described and compensated accurately. In this paper, the fuzzy set theory is applied to establish the fuzzy dynamical model. Then, an exponential control is designed and a noncooperative‐game based optimization approach is proposed to solve out the Nash equilibrium. The novel control with optimal parameters including the adaptive tension force are applied to render the system uniform boundedness and uniform ultimate boundedness. Finally, the simulations are performed for verification.
Impact of Endcap Molecules on Temperature‐Responsive Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Oligomers in Structural Color Stability and Hypsochromic Shift
Authors: Sentjens Henk , Lub Johan , Kragt Augustinus J.J. , Schenning Albert P.H.J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCholesteric liquid crystal oligomers are an interesting class of temperature responsive structurally colored materials. However, the role of endcap molecules in these oligomers is rather unexplored. In this work, we demonstrate the role of endcap molecules on structural color stability and hypsochromic shift in temperature‐responsive cholesteric liquid crystal oligomers. First, new liquid crystal monoacrylate endcap molecules are synthesized, which are then used to synthesize various cholesteric liquid crystal oligomers. In addition, cholesteric oligomers using commercial monoacrylate endcap molecules are also prepared. It is found that the molecular weight and the polydispersity of the oligomers can be tuned by the endcapping molecules. The oligomers are used to produce reflective, structurally colored coatings. It was found that the coatings using the commercial monoacrylate lose their color and crystallize over time, most likely due to the presence of crystalline dimers. The coatings containing the newly synthesized monoacrylate endcap molecules did not exhibit this crystallization, resulting in structurally colored coatings that remained stable over time. These latter coatings possessed temperature responsive hypochromic behavior, which makes them interesting for advanced optical applications.
Enhancing the Potential of Fused Heterocycle‐Based Triarylhydrazone Photoswitches
Authors: Hegedüsová Lea , Blaise Nadine , Pašteka Lukáš F. , Budzák Šimon , Medved' Miroslav , Filo Juraj , Mravec Bernard , Slavov Chavdar , Wachtveitl Josef , Grabarz Anna M. , Cigáň Marek 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Marek Cigáň, Anna M. Grabarz and co‐workers. The image depicts how a non‐expert might imagine a “molecular photoswitch”. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202303509.
Deep ensemble of classifier for intrusion detection in WSN and improved attack mitigation process
Authors: Chandan Madhavarapu , Santhi S. G. , Srinivasa Rao T. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryAttacks have a significant negative impact on the wireless sensor network's network operations. They target to weaken the network layer, if they are not completely eradicated, the networks' ability to execute their desired function becomes collapsed. While intended to monitor such unexpected attacks, anomaly‐based intrusion detection systems (AIDS) have a high risk of false positives. This article intends to propose a Deep Ensemble Intrusion detection with a Self‐adaptive Sewing Training‐Based Optimization (DIED‐SASTO) model that includes the following steps: (a) preprocessing, (b) feature extraction, (c) optimal feature selection, and (d) detection. Initially, an improved class imbalance processing will take place to solve the imbalance problem during the preprocessing step. Subsequently, the features are extracted including higher‐order statistical features, improved entropy, and correlation‐based features during the feature extraction step. From the extracted feature set, as the curse of dimensionality becomes a serious challenge, it is significant to choose the optimal features. In the optimal feature selection process, a new Self‐adaptive Sewing Training‐Based Optimization (SASTO) is used. In addition, the intrusion detection will be employed based on the selected optimal features and trained using deep ensemble models like Deep maxout, Deep Belief Network (DBN), and Bidirectional Long short‐term memory (Bi‐LSTM). Once the presence of an attack is detected, it is mandatory to mitigate the attacker node form the network. For Attack Mitigation, improved entropy will be progressed. The effectiveness of the DIED‐SASTO is evaluated over conventional methods in terms of various metrics.
Identification of influential vertices in complex networks: A hitting time‐based approach
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Singh Anurag , Sharma Ajay K 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnravelling the dynamics of network vertices is pivotal, and traditional centrality measures have limitations in adapting to structural changes, directed and weighted networks, and temporal analyses. This paper introduces a ground breaking approach ‐ hitting time‐based centrality. Utilizing network matrix notations and a random walk model on a connected network , we establish a Markov chain to quantify the hitting time, hitting distance, and hitting centrality, providing a nuanced measure prioritizing central vertices. Through extensive experiments using Kendall's tau coefficient, the paper evaluates the method's correlation with actual influence in the Susceptible‐Infectious (SI) model, showcasing superior performance across diverse network sizes and structures. The hitting centrality method exhibits sensitivity to connectivity dynamics, effective incorporation of temporal dynamics, and robust handling of weighted and directed networks. Positive Kendall's tau coefficients underline the method's proficiency in prioritizing influential vertices by correlating hitting centrality values with actual infection ability. The demonstrated robustness to structural changes enhances its utility for dynamic network analysis. In conclusion, our hitting time‐based centrality approach emerges as a promising method, mitigating the shortcomings of traditional measures. By integrating information propagation speed, accommodating network dynamics, and enabling time‐dependent analyses, it offers a comprehensive tool for evaluating vertex importance and influence in complex networks.
New Insights on the Chemical Origin of Life: The Role of Aqueous Polymerization of N‐carboxyanhydrides (NCA)
Authors: Moreno Abel , Bonduelle Colin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAt the origin, the emergence of proteins was based on crucial prebiotic stages in which simple amino acids‐based building blocks spontaneously evolved from the prebiotic soup into random proto‐polymers called protoproteins. Despite advances in modern peptide synthesis, these prebiotic chemical routes to protoproteins remain puzzling. We discuss in this perspective how polymer science and systems chemistry are reaching a point of convergence in which simple monomers called N‐carboxyanhydrides would be able to form such protoproteins via the emergence of a protometabolic cycle involving aqueous polymerization and featuring macromolecular Darwinism behavior.
Financial conflicts of interest in Japanese obstetrics and gynaecology clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Murayama Anju , Miyazawa Keishi , Kamamoto Sae , Shigeta Haruki , Kugo Hinari , Higuchi Kenichi , Senoo Yuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis commentary analysis evaluated the size and prevalence of financial conflicts of interest among authors of Japanese obstetrics and gynaecology clinical practice guidelines. Our analysis found that 66% of all authors received personal payments totalling US$1.2 million during the guideline development period. Furthermore, the guideline chairpersons received much larger payments than those to other authors.
Reinforcement learning inspired forwarding strategy for information centric networks using Q‐learning algorithm
Authors: Delvadia Krishna , Dutta Nitul 
Published: January 2024

SummaryContent interest forwarding is a prominent research area in Information Centric Network (ICN). An efficient forwarding strategy can significantly improve data retrieval latency, origin server load, network congestion, and overhead. The state‐of‐the‐art work is either driven by flooding approach trying to minimize the adverse effect of Interest flooding or path‐driven approach trying to minimize the additional cost of maintaining routing information. These approaches are less efficient due to storm issues and excessive overhead. Proposed protocol aims to forward interest to the nearest cache without worrying about FIB construction and with significant improvement in latency and overhead. This paper presents the feasibility of integrating reinforcement learning based Q‐learning strategy for forwarding in ICN. By revising Q‐learning to address the inherent challenges, we introduce Q‐learning based interest packets and data packets forwarding mechanisms, namely, IPQ‐learning and DPQ‐learning. It aims to gain self‐learning through historical events and selects best next node to forward interest. Each node in the network acts as an agent with aim of forwarding packet to best next hop according to the Q value such that content can be fetched within fastest possible route and every action returns to be a learning process, which improves the accuracy of the Q value. The performance investigation of protocol in ndnSIM‐2.0 shows the improvement in a range of 10%–35% for metrics such as data retrieval delay, server hit rate, network overhead, network throughput, and network load. Outcomes are compared by integrating proposed protocol with state‐of‐the‐art caching protocols and also against recent forwarding mechanisms.
Persistent avoidance of virtual food in anorexia nervosa‐restrictive type: Results from motion tracking in a virtual stopping task
Authors: Schroeder Philipp A. , Collantoni Enrico , Meregalli Valentina , Rabarbari Elisa , Simonazzi Carolina , Svaldi Jennifer , Cardi Valentina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveFood avoidance is central to patients with anorexia nervosa‐restrictive type (AN‐R). Competing accounts in experimental psychopathology research suggest that food avoidance may result from automatic, habitual responses or from elevated inhibitory control abilities. This study investigated behavioral trajectories of food avoidance in a novel virtual reality stopping task.MethodSixty patients with AN‐R and 29 healthy controls with normal weight were investigated using a novel, kinematic task in virtual reality. We recorded spatial displacement in stop‐ and go‐trials to virtual food and control objects. Inhibitory control abilities were operationalized by the VR task in stopping performance (i.e., interrupted movement in stop‐trials), whereas we also measured habitual avoidance of virtual food across both go‐ and stop‐trials (i.e., delayed movement relative to nonfood objects).ResultsIn patients with AN‐R, hand displacements were shorter to food versus nonfood across stop‐ and go‐trials, reflected in a Stimulus × Group interaction. Healthy controls showed no differences. Importantly, the food‐specific effect in AN‐R was identical across stop‐ and go‐trials, indicating habitual food avoidance. Moreover, stop error rates (i.e., stop‐trials with response) were lower in patients with AN‐R.DiscussionThe findings suggest food‐specific habitual avoidance and heightened generalized inhibitory control in AN‐R. The continuously delayed displacements during active hand movements across stop‐ and go‐trials indicated the persistence of patients' avoidance of food.Public SignificanceExperimental research investigates the mechanisms underlying mental disorders such as anorexia nervosa. In this study, we measured interrupted hand movements in response to food pictures or neutral pictures (shoes) in patients with anorexia nervosa and healthy controls. A virtual reality scenario was used. Findings indicated that patients were slower at approaching food, interrupted or not. Key mechanisms of food avoidance can be translated into habit‐based treatment options in future research.
Analysis of water quality and trophic status of reservoirs in Chuzhou City, China
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zheng Zijun , Xu Feng , Zou Ying , Zeng Tao , Li Shuo , Fang Shuqi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractReservoir is a vital tool for human utilization of water resources, and the deterioration of its water quality can seriously threaten the water cycle and sustainable urban development. However, there are relatively few studies in academia that analyse and evaluate the water quality of multiple reservoirs at the same time. To address this knowledge deficit, we collected 108 water samples from three different reservoirs in Chuzhou City for 36 months (from 2019 to 2021), explored the drivers of changes in water quality parameters over time and the extent of eutrophication. Our results indicated that the water quality of the reservoirs was deteriorating during the study period, among which Huanglishu Reservoir and Shahe Reservoir reached mild eutrophic status, and both had higher eutrophication levels than Chengxi Reservoir. Secchi depth, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were the principal factors inducing eutrophication. The biassed utilization of reservoir functions was the major contributor to the discrepancy in the degree of eutrophication. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there are significant correlations between many water quality parameters. Cluster analysis grouped the 12 months of each year into three clusters (stable water level period, rainy season high flow period and winter low flow period). Based on this, analysis of variance showed that most water quality parameters varied considerably between the clusters. Collectively, this study identified the actual water quality conditions of three reservoirs in Chuzhou City and provided guidance for local water quality management and environmental protection.
Identification of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from peanut meal (Arachis hypogaea Linn) fermented by Lactobacillus pentosus using MALDI‐TOF–MS and LC–MS/MS
Authors: Li Wenjun , Guan Yexia , Shi Lin , Chen Yang , Huang Huang , Zhen Haiyin , Wu Ping , Wang Chao , Wu Qian , Li Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study focused on the production of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory peptides (ACEIPs) from peanut meal (Arachis hypogaea Linn) fermented by Lactobacillus pentosus. The fermentation process was optimized using the response surface methodology with ACE inhibitory activity as the experimental indicator. ACEIPs were further purified after fermentation using ultrafiltration and Sephadex G‐25 gel chromatography. The effect of different molecular weights (ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 kDa) of ACEIP on ACE inhibitory activity was investigated, and a maximum inhibitory rate of 48.83% was achieved. The content of ACEIP was 78.95%. Amino acid analysis revealed that the hydrophobic amino acids accounted for 43.09% of the total content. Among the identified amino acids, glutamic acid had the highest content of 14.94%, followed by leucine and aspartic acid. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight–mass spectrometry (MS) and liquid chromatography–tandem MS were used to identify the molecular weights of the selected ACEIPs, yielding six ACEIPs with good stability and high hydrophilicity. Flexible docking of the six ACEIPs with ACE was simulated using AutoDock Vina (v1.5.7). The result showed that the ACEIPs formed 11, 8, 7, 9, 7, and 6 hydrogen bonds with ACE residues, and the lowest binding energies between them were −9.8, −8.1, −9.0, −9.3, −8.2, and−9.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Among them, GFGINAENNHRIF exhibited superior ACE inhibitory activity and binding stability.
Cystic Fibrosis Modulator Therapies: Bridging Insights from CF to other Membrane Protein Misfolding Diseases
Authors: Kim Minsoo , Plate Lars 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, leading to a faulty CFTR protein. Dysfunctional CFTR causes chloride ion imbalance, resulting in dense mucus accumulation in various organs, particularly the lungs. CF treatments focus on symptom management and addressing CFTR′s functional defects. Notably, development of CFTR modulator therapies has significantly advanced CF treatment. These drugs target CFTR protein structural defects induced by mutations, restoring its function and improving CF symptoms. VX‐770, a CFTR potentiator, and CFTR correctors like VX‐809, VX‐661, and VX‐445, have gained FDA approval and widespread clinical use, greatly enhancing the health and survival of many CF patients. However, some CFTR mutations lack effective targeted therapies, leaving approximately 6 % of CF patients without suitable options. CFTR modulator therapies have proven essential for combating the underlying causes of protein misfolding diseases, serving as a blueprint for similar treatments in other membrane protein misfolding diseases. This review explores current and future CFTR modulator therapies, and applications of established paradigms to membrane protein misfolding diseases. Ongoing research and innovation hold the potential for further improvements in CF management and the treatment of protein misfolding diseases.
Assessing multi‐sensor hourly maize evapotranspiration estimation using a one‐source surface energy balance approach
Authors: Costa‐Filho Edson , Chávez José L. , Zhang Huihui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, the performance of a one‐source surface energy balance (OSEB) remote sensing (RS) of actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa), incorporating data from different spaceborne, airborne and proximal multispectral data, was evaluated. The RS platforms in this study included Landsat‐8 (30 m pixel size), Sentinel‐2 (10 m), Planet CubeSat (3 m), a handheld (proximal) multispectral radiometer (MSR) (1 m) and an unmanned aerial system (UAS) (0.03 m). A 2‐year data set (2020 and 2021) from two maize research sites in Greeley and Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, provided ground‐based data for estimating and evaluating hourly ETa from the OSEB algorithm. The accuracy of OSEB hourly maize ETa estimates was evaluated using calculated hourly maize ETa using high‐frequency data collected with an eddy covariance energy balance system installed at each research site. The results indicated that the Planet CubeSat multispectral sensor (3 m), combined with on‐site surface temperature data, yielded the least errors when predicting maize ETa. The hourly ETa estimation errors for the Planet CubeSat were MBE ± RMSE of −0.02 (−3%) ± 0.07 (13%) mm h⁻1. These results suggest the urgent need for a specific approach to improve RS multispectral and thermal radiometric data (quality) to better support sustainable irrigation water management practices.