bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognosis of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in infants and patients under 3 years old with acute leukemia
Authors: Hu Guan‐hua , Zhang Xiao‐hui , Wang Yu , Xu Lan‐ping , Hou Xin‐lin , Cheng Yi‐fei , Huang Xiao‐jun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) in patients <3 years of age remains controversial. Data on haploidentical donor (HID) transplants in this age group is limited.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of 97 patients with acute leukemia aged <3 years who underwent HID transplantation at our institute.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 45 months, the 3‐year disease‐free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and 3‐year cumulative incidence rate of treatment‐related mortality were 69.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 59.9%–78.7%), 74.2% (95% CI: 65.2%–83.2%), and 3.6% (95% CI: 0.9%–9.7%) in all 97 patients, respectively. The 3‐year DFS and OS rate in patients diagnosed <1 year and patients diagnosed ≥1 year were comparable: 77.8% (95% CI: 62.2%–93.4%) versus 66.3% (95% CI: 55.0%–77.6%, p = .253) and 82.5% (95% CI: 66.3–98.7%) versus 72.8% (95% CI: 61.9%–83.7%, p = .153), respectively. At the last follow‐up, 23 patients had died, and 20 had died of relapse. Multivariate analysis revealed that positive pre‐HSCT flow cytometric minimal residual disease (hazard ratio 5.605, p = .000) and AML‐M7 expression (hazard ratio 2.906, p = .014) were independent adverse prognostic variables for relapse.ConclusionsHID transplantation is potent and safe for infants and young patients with acute leukemia. Relapse is the primary cause of treatment failure.
Advancing OSCM scientific knowledge by replicating empirical findings: Step‐by‐step procedure and illustration for transformative replication endeavors
Authors: Polyviou Mikaella , Rungtusanatham Johnny , Reczek Rebecca W. , Dooley Kevin , Knemeyer A. Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReplication endeavors contribute to the accumulation of scientific evidence about previously reported findings and are crucial for scientific progress. Replication studies are, however, often discouraged and rarely published in the operations and supply chain management (OSCM) discipline. In this article, we offer a framework for replications consisting of two complementary tables. This framework recognizes two types of replications already defined in the literature (i.e., The Exact (EXT) Replication and the Methods‐Only (MTD) Replication) and adds to these two new types (i.e., the Bounded‐Conceptual‐Extension (BCE) Replication and the Transformative (TRF) Replication). The framework clarifies what constitutes replications, forms of replication endeavors, and their purposes. Importantly, we also differentiate replication endeavors from reproducibility tests, robustness checks, and post hoc analyses. Moreover, we describe a seven‐step procedure to guide the design, execution, and presentation of replication endeavors, illustrating these steps by conducting a TRF Replication that incorporates, at the same time, a BCE Replication and an MTD Replication of Polyviou et al. (2018). The proposed framework and seven‐step procedure hopefully motivate OSCM scholars to embrace replications as valuable scientific endeavors that can yield corroborating evidence to bolster confidence in previously reported findings and, better yet, provide new nuanced findings to advance precise scientific understanding of past and new OSCM phenomena.
Taking the pulse of brain death: A meta‐analysis of the natural history of brain death with somatic support
Authors: Gambardella Ivancarmine , Nappi Francesco , Worku Berhane , Tranbaugh Robert F. , Ibrahim Aminat M. , Balaram Sandhya K. , Bernat James L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeThe conceptualization of brain death (BD) was pivotal in the shaping of judicial and medical practices. Nonetheless, media reports of alleged recovery from BD reinforced the criticism that this construct is a self‐fulfilling prophecy (by treatment withdrawal or organ donation). We meta‐analyzed the natural history of BD when somatic support (SS) is maintained.MethodsPublications on BD were eligible if the following were reported: aggregated data on its natural history with SS; and patient‐level data that allowed censoring at the time of treatment withdrawal or organ donation. Endpoints were as follows: rate of somatic expiration after BD with SS; BD misdiagnosis, including “functionally brain‐dead” patients (FBD; i.e. after the pronouncement of brain‐death, ≥1 findings were incongruent with guidelines for its diagnosis, albeit the lethal prognosis was not altered); and length and predictors of somatic survival.ResultsForty‐seven articles were selected (1610 patients, years: 1969–2021). In BD patients with SS, median age was 32.9 years (range = newborn–85 years). Somatic expiration followed BD in 99.9% (95% confidence interval = 89.8–100). Mean somatic survival was 8.0 days (range = 1.6 h–19.5 years). Only age at BD diagnosis was an independent predictor of somatic survival length (coefficient = −11.8, SE = 4, p < 0.01). Nine BD misdiagnoses were detected; eight were FBD, and one newborn fully recovered. No patient ever recovered from chronic BD (≥1 week somatic survival).ConclusionsBD diagnosis is reliable. Diagnostic criteria should be fine‐tuned to avoid the small incidence of misdiagnosis, which nonetheless does not alter the prognosis of FBD patients. Age at BD diagnosis is inversely proportional to somatic survival.
Video evidence of mountings by female‐plumaged birds of paradise (Aves: Paradisaeidae) in the wild: Is there evidence of alternative mating tactics?
Authors: MacGillavry Thomas , Janiczek Claudia , Fusani Leonida 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe bewildering courtship phenotypes of male birds of paradise (Paradisaedae) represent a classic example of sexual selection through mate choice. While the majority of sexual selection studies have focused on either mate choice or intrasexual competition, males across a variety of taxa adopt alternative mating tactics as additional means of obtaining fertilization when they are otherwise unable to. For example, across various polygynous birds, subordinate males engage in sneak copulations, which may offset the fitness costs of prolonged subordinate periods. Despite exhibiting strong mating skews and male delayed plumage maturation, reports of sneak copulation in the birds of paradise are exceedingly rare. After reviewing an extensive video collection of courtship interactions, we found examples of mountings by female‐plumaged birds in three birds of paradise species: the Western parotia Parotia sefilata, Carola's parotia Parotia carolae, and the magnificent bird of paradise Cicinnurus magnificus. While homosexual mountings by females have been documented previously in Lawes' parotia P. lawesii, adult males in the magnificent bird of paradise violently attacked intruding female‐plumaged birds attempting to mount receivers, suggesting that they may be immature males engaging in alternative mating tactics. Overall, the rare video footage described here is suggestive of two fascinating, yet unexplored phenomena in polygynous birds: alternative mating tactics and female homosexual behaviour.
Helping those who help others: The roles of indirect reciprocity and relatedness
Authors: Roberts Gilbert 
Published: February 2024

Abstract“Helping those who help others” appears to be a widespread phenomenon. It is typically framed as indirect reciprocity in which individuals who are seen to help later receive returns from third parties. Here, I propose that helping can also be explained by the benefits that result from helping related helpers (where relatedness means sharing genes more than average, whether due to genealogy or some other mechanism). I test the functional roles of relatedness (or “kin selection”) and of reciprocity in explaining helping by varying the population structure and the number of interactions in individual‐based simulations. First, with a unitary population in which individuals had a greater tendency to meet others of their own type, there were high levels of a discriminating strategy which helped other helpers. This can be explained by kin selection, in which helpers who help other helpers increase the payoff of their own strategy despite incurring a cost themselves. Introducing an “island population” structure reduced these indirect fitness benefits from helping, and this caused the frequency of the discriminating strategy to decrease markedly. Finally, increasing the number of interactions caused only a small increase in the level of the discriminating strategy (and thereby of helping helpers), consistent with indirect reciprocity (by means of the simplest strategy) being very weak. I argue that relatedness requires greater attention as an alternative to indirect reciprocity in explaining why individuals might help those who help others.
Cumulative fretting fatigue damage model for steel wire ropes
Authors: Ahmad Sajjad , Badshah Saeed , Rahimian Koloor Seyed Saeid , Amjad Muhammad , Jan Sakhi , Tamin Mohd Nasir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFretting fatigue contributes significantly to the fatigue failure process in steel wire ropes at the wire‐to‐wire trellis contact region with partial slip conditions. In this respect, this work demonstrates a new damage‐based fretting fatigue model for the prediction of such a failure process. The model is based on Lemaitre's damage equations for quasi‐brittle material with a damageable micro‐inclusion embedded in an elastic meso‐element. It incorporates the cyclic degradation of the elastic modulus of the drawn steel wire material. The fatigue life model acknowledges the mean stress effect. The constitutive and damage equations are formulated into user material (UMAT) subroutine for integration with Abaqus finite element analysis code. The localized fretting fatigue damage mechanism is simulated with an isolated two‐wire model. The effect of the contact condition with the coefficient of friction of 0.2 and 0.8 on the contact mechanics of the drawn wires is considered. The fretting fatigue mechanism map is established for each simulation case. The simulated results of N0 (no of cycles to initiate damage) and damage variable, D, confirm the fretting fatigue condition as the damage occurs in the slip region of the contact area for both the frictional conditions. The results were found in agreement with the previously establish Ruiz fretting parameter. This study will provide a base for the onward reliability assessment of steel wire ropes.
Impact of diabetes mellitus and poor glycemic control on the prevalence of left atrial low‐voltage areas and rhythm outcome in patients with atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Matsuda Yasuhiro , Masuda Masaharu , Uematsu Hiroyuki , Sugino Ayako , Ooka Hirotaka , Kudo Satoshi , Fujii Subaru , Asai Mitsutoshi , Okamoto Shin , Ishihara Takayuki , Nanto Kiyonori , Tsujimura Takuya , Hata Yosuke , Higashino Naoko , Nakao Sho , Kusuda Masaya , Mano Toshiaki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionLeft atrial low‐voltage areas (LVAs) are known to be correlated with atrial scarring and atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after ablation. However, the association between LVAs and glycemic status before ablation has not been fully clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations among the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), glycemic control, and the prevalence of LVAs in patients with AF ablation.MethodsIn total, 912 (age, 68 ± 10 years; female, 299 [33%]; persistent AF, 513 [56%]) consecutive patients who underwent initial AF ablation were included. A preprocedure glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥7% was set as the cutoff for poor glycemic control in patients with DM. LVAs were defined as areas with a bipolar voltage of <0.5 mV covering ≥5 cm2 of left atrium.ResultsLVAs existed in 208 (23%) patients, and 168 (18%) patients had DM. LVAs were found more frequently in patients with DM and poor glycemic control. On multivariate analysis, DM with HbA1c ≥7% was an independent predictor of LVAs (odds ratio, 3.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.6–6.7; p = .001). In patients with LVAs, freedom from AF recurrence during the 24‐month study period was significantly lower in patients who had DM with HbA1c ≥7% than in those without DM (37.9% vs. 54.7%, p = .02).ConclusionIn patients with AF ablation, LVAs were found more frequently in patients with DM and poor glycemic control. DM with HbA1c ≥7% was an independent predictor of LVAs.
The Persian Gulf's Transition From American Unipolarity
Authors: Ghiselli Andrea , Ehteshami Anoushiravan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough East Asia remains the center of the US‐China rivalry, other regions are emerging to play key roles. After years of somewhat peaceful coexistence and even a degree of cooperation between Washington and Beijing, the Gulf, with its deep ties to both sides, undoubtedly has become one of them. This new situation creates challenges for all the parties involved, from the two great powers to the regional actors looking for new ways to reposition themselves. This article introduces the contours of the debate taking place among the studies in this special issue, dedicated to the exploration of the Persian Gulf subregion and US‐China relations. It first discusses the position of the Gulf as a barometer of the evolving global power dynamics. The focus then shifts to outlining the implications of the end of American unipolarity for Beijing's and Washington's West Asia policies. Finally, it explores the challenges and opportunities of this systemic shift for the Gulf states. The article is part of a special issue examining the responses of Gulf countries to rising Sino‐American competition, edited by Andrea Ghiselli, Anoushiravan Ehteshami, and Enrico Fardella.
Histone‐modifying enzymes: Roles in odontogenesis and beyond
Authors: Li Yiting , He Pengcheng , Zheng Liwei , Zhou Xin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesOdontogenesis, an intricate process initiated by epithelium‐mesenchyme interaction, is meticulously regulated by a cascade of regulatory mechanisms. Epigenetic modifications, especially histone modification, have been found to exhibit spatiotemporal specificity during tooth development. However, the expression patterns and roles of enzymes associated with histone modifications have yet to be systematically explored in odontogenesis. This review aims to summarize the histone‐modifying enzymes in odontogenesis and their regulation mechanism during tooth development and provide the potential theoretical basis for the clinical management and intervention of dental developmental diseases.Subjects and MethodsThis study conducted a systematic search across PubMed and Web of Science databases, utilizing the keywords “odontogenesis,” “histone modification,” and “enzyme” for pertinent articles.ResultsNo doubt histone modification contributes extensively to odontogenesis regulation, and the disturbances in histone modifications can derange the odontogenesis process.ConclusionFurther studies are warranted to elucidate these roles and their potential downstream effects, positioning histone modifications as a pivotal focal point for unraveling the intricacies of tooth development and regeneration.
How is family health related to health‐related quality of life among middle‐aged and older adults in rural China? A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chen Jiangyun , Wu Yibo , Li Lehuan , He Feiying , Zou Biqing , Zhuang Yishan , Tuersun Yusupujiang , Yang Jiao , Wu Fangjing , Kan Yifan , Lyu Ke , Lu Yefeng , Ming Wai‐Kit , Sun Xinying , Wang Dong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundHealth‐related quality of life (HRQOL) is unequal between countries and regions, and the emphasis on HRQOL of populations of low‐income countries and regions is unprecedented.ObjectivesTo examine the association between family health and HRQOL among middle‐aged and older adults in rural China, and determine whether this association differs by age, gender and chronic disease subgroup.MethodsCross‐sectional survey carried out from July to September 2021. The participants were 1059 people aged 46 and over living in rural China. We used the European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level (EQ‐5D‐5L) and Family Health Scale‐Short Form (FHS‐SF) to assess health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and family health, respectively.ResultsThe mean EQ‐VAS was 75.66, the mean EQ index score was 0.92, and the mean FHS was 37.90 in rural middle‐aged and older adults. After Bonferroni correction, generalised linear regression models showed that FHS was significantly associated with the EQ‐VAS (β = 0.829; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.660 to 0.997; p < .001) and the EQ index score (β = 0.003; 95%CI: 0.001 to 0.004; p < .001). Binary logistic regression models showed that FHS was associated with three dimensions of HRQOL (mobility, self‐care and usual activities) (p < .01). Based on subgroup analyses, the effect of FHS on EQ‐VAS and the EQ index score was significant in three subgroups after Bonferroni correction (p < .01), but the association between FHS and the dimensions of HRQOL differed by age, gender and chronic disease group (p > .01).ConclusionsThis study is the first to explore that family health and its dimensions are significant positive predictors of HRQOL among middle‐aged and older adults in rural China. Family‐based measures may have more potential and value because better family health significantly improves HRQOL.Implications for practiceIn the health strategy, the government and primary health care workers should include family health as an indicator and assess it before and after the implementation of the strategy.
Ser194Leu DSG2 mutation, associated with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Blich Miry , Zohar Yaniv , Cohen‐Kaplan Victoria , Minkov Irina , Asleh Rabea , Horowitz‐Cederboim Smadar , Weiss Karin , Paperna Tamar , Lessick Jonathan , Abadi Sobhi , Khoury Asaad , Gepstein Lior , Suleiman Mahmud , Caspi Oren 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionArrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is an inherited cardiomyopathy characterized by fibro‐fatty replacement of cardiomyocytes, leading to life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmia and heart failure. Pathogenic variants of desmoglein2 gene (DSG2) have been reported as genetic etiologies of AC. In contrast, many reported DSG2 variants are benign or variants of uncertain significance. Correct genetic variant classification is crucial for determining the best medical therapy for the patient and family members.MethodsPathogenicity of the DSG2 Ser194Leu variant that was identified by whole exome sequencing in a patient, who presented with ventricular tachycardia and was diagnosed with AC, was investigated by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining of endomyocardial biopsy sample.ResultsElectron microscopy demonstrated a widened gap in the adhering junction and a less well‐organized intercalated disk region in the mutated cardiomyocytes compared to the control. Immunohistochemical staining in the proband diagnosed with AC showed reduced expression of desmoglein 2 and connexin 43 and intercalated disc distortion. Reduced expression of DSG2 and Connexin 43 were observed in cellular cytoplasm and gap junctions. Additionally, we detected perinuclear accumulation of DSG2 and Connexin 43 in the proband sample.ConclusionSer194Leu is a missense pathogenic mutation of DSG2 gene associated with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy.
The impact of relationship type and closeness on mental health following suicide loss
Authors: Brown Hannah L. , Selbe Sophie M. , Flesaker Michelle , Rosellini Anthony J. , Maple Myfanwy , Gradus Jaimie L. , Cerel Julie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMost research investigating the effect of suicide on loss survivors has been limited to first‐degree family members. Few studies examine the impact of suicide on others outside the immediate family and the influence of relationship type and closeness on mental health.MethodsThis study used data from a sample obtained through random digit dialing (n = 805) to assess exposure to suicide loss, relationship types, perceived closeness, and mental health symptoms (prolonged grief, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder).ResultsFamilial status, friend status, and higher perceived closeness were associated with prolonged grief, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder, with the strongest adjusted associations observed for posttraumatic stress disorder and prolonged grief. In general, the magnitude of adjusted standardized associations for closeness and mental health symptoms was stronger than those observed for familial status and mental health symptoms and friend status and mental health symptoms.ConclusionCloseness, familial status, and friend status are associated with mental health symptoms experienced after suicide loss, but the magnitude of associations was strongest for closeness. Future studies should examine perceived closeness in addition to other factors related to relationship type and dynamics to assess the complexities of suicide bereavement reactions.
Evolution of the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on heart transplant recipients: Decreasing risk, improving perspective
Authors: García Juan Carlos López‐Azor , Marco Irene , Martín Javier González , López‐Medrano Francisco , Eixerés‐Esteve Andrea , Pérez Pedro Caravaca , Bagudá Javier de Juan , López‐Jiménez Elena Ana , Arribas Fernando , Delgado‐Jiménez Juan Francisco , Carmena María Dolores García‐Cosío 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and MethodsHeart transplant recipients (HTr) have a higher probability of suffer from severe coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) in comparison to general population, but their risk has changed over the course of the pandemic in relation to various factors. We conducted a prospective study including all HTr at risk of COVID‐19 in a tertiary center between February 2020 and October 2022. The aim was to analyze how the prognosis (incidence of pneumonia and mortality) of COVID‐19 in HTr has evolved over time, contextualizing variants, vaccination, and other treatments.ResultsOf 308 HTr included, 124 got the infection (39.2%). COVID and non‐COVID HTr had similar baseline characteristics. COVID‐19 patients with pneumonia had a poorer prognosis than those with less severe presentations, with a higher rate of hospitalization (93.3 vs. 14.1%, p < .001) and death (41.0 vs. 1.2%, p < .001). Multivariate analysis identified age ≥60 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–11.49, p = .027), and chronic kidney disease ≥3a (OR 4.95, 95% CI 1.39–17.54, p = .014) as predictors of pneumonia. Two‐dose vaccination (OR 0.20, CI 95% 0.05–0.72, p = .02) and early remdesivir administration (OR 0.17, CI 0.03–0.90, p = .037) were protective factors. Over the course of the pandemic considering three periods in the follow‐up (prevaccination February–December 2020, postvaccination January–December 2021, and post early remdesivir indication January–October 2022), we observed a reduction in pneumonia incidence from 62% to 19% (p < .001); and mortality (from 23% to 4%, p < .001).ConclusionsThe prognosis of COVID‐19 in HTr has improved over time, likely due to vaccination and early administration of remdesivir.
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