bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zinner syndrome in pediatric patients: rare disease leading to challenging management
Authors: Adorisio Ottavio , Orazi Cinzia , Gregori Lorenzo Maria , De Peppo Francesco , Silveri Massimiliano 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionZinner syndrome (ZS) is the association of seminal vesicle cysts, ipsilateral ejaculatory duct obstruction, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. This condition is very rare in children and both diagnosis and treatment may be challenging. We reviewed the clinical presentation and treatment describing our experience with a series of three patients.MethodsFrom January 2016 to January 2021, three patients (patients 1, 2, and 3) with symptomatic ZS, aged 2, 15, and 17 years, respectively, were diagnosed and treated. All three patients were symptomatic, manifesting pelvic pain and dysuria. The diagnosis was made by physical examination, ultrasonography, and abdominopelvic MRI. Patient 1 underwent open surgery, while for patients 2 and 3, laparoscopic excision was performed.ResultsThe renal agenesis regarded the left side in patients 1 and 3, and the right side in patient 2. In all cases, the cystic complex was excised. The mean operating time was 4 h and the mean hospitalization time was 5 days (range 4–6 days). The mean follow-up period was 5 years (range 2–5 years). Patients 1 and 3 showed a complete resolution of the symptoms during postoperative follow-up. In patient 2, clinical symptoms relapsed because of the persistence of a 9 mm cyst requiring a redo laparoscopic excision.ConclusionsSeminal vesicle cyst with ipsilateral renal agenesis, even if rare in pediatric age, should be suspected in young male patients presenting with pelvic cystic masses, pelvic pain, dysuria, and ipsilateral renal absence. Conservative management should be reversed to asymptomatic patients. Surgical treatment is mandatory in symptomatic cases and the preferred approach is minimally invasive surgery to magnify the operating field to spare anatomical structures, primarily the contralateral vas deferens. Radicality is crucial to avoid the persistence of symptoms and the need for reintervention.
Molecular epidemiological characteristics of Mycobacterium leprae in highly endemic areas of China during the COVID-19 epidemic
Authors: Zhou Jiaojiao , Wu Ziwei , Tong Yi , Chokkakula Santosh , Shi Ying , Jiang Haiqin , Liu Jie , Wang De , Zhang Wenyue , Wang Chen , Zhao Tingfang , Yuan Kang , Li Tao , Ma Lu , Yang Qin , Wang Shizhen , Hong Feng , Wang Hongsheng , Li Jinlan 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThe present study analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence and incidence of new leprosy cases, as well as the diversity, distribution, and temporal transmission of Mycobacterium leprae strains at the county level in leprae-endemic provinces in Southwest China.MethodsA total of 219 new leprosy cases during two periods, 2018–2019 and 2020–2021, were compared. We genetically characterized 83 clinical isolates of M. leprae in Guizhou using variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The obtained genetic profiles and cluster consequences of M. leprae were compared between the two periods.ResultsThere was an 18.97% decrease in the number of counties and districts reporting cases. Considering the initial months (January–March) of virus emergence, the number of new cases in 2021 increased by 167% compared to 2020. The number of patients with a delay of &gt;12 months before COVID-19 (63.56%) was significantly higher than that during COVID-19 (48.51%). Eighty-one clinical isolates (97.60%) were positive for all 17 VNTR types, whereas two (2.40%) clinical isolates were positive for 16 VNTR types. The (GTA)9, (TA)18, (TTC)21 and (TA)10 loci showed higher polymorphism than the other loci. The VNTR profile of these clinical isolates generated five clusters, among which the counties where the patients were located were adjacent or relatively close to each other. SNP typing revealed that all clinical isolates possessed the single SNP3K.ConclusionCOVID-19 may have a negative/imbalanced impact on the prevention and control measures of leprosy, which could be a considerable fact for official health departments. Isolates formed clusters among counties in Guizhou, indicating that the transmission chain remained during the epidemic and was less influenced by COVID-19 preventative policies.
Agricultural development driven by the digital economy: improved EfficientNet vegetable quality grading
Authors: Wen Jun , He Jing 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe conventional manual grading of vegetables poses challenges that necessitate innovative solutions. In this context, our paper proposes a deep learning methodology for vegetable quality grading.MethodsTo address the scarcity of vegetable datasets, we constructed a unique dataset comprising 3,600 images of diverse vegetables, including lettuce, broccoli, tomatoes, garlic, bitter melon, and Chinese cabbage. We present an improved CA-EfficientNet-CBAM model for vegetable quality grading. The CA module replaces the squeeze-and-excitation (SE) module in the MobileNet convolution (MBConv) structure of the EfficientNet model. Additionally, a channel and spatial attention module (CBAM) is integrated before the final layer, accelerating model training and emphasizing nuanced features.ResultsThe enhanced model, along with comparisons to VGGNet16, ResNet50, and DenseNet169, was subjected to ablation experiments. Our method achieved the highest classification accuracy of 95.12% on the cabbage vegetable image test set, outperforming VGGNet16, ResNet50, and DenseNet169 by 8.34%, 7%, and 4.29%, respectively. Notably, the proposed method effectively reduced the model’s parameter count.DiscussionOur experimental results highlight the effectiveness of the deep learning approach in improving vegetable quality grading accuracy. The superior performance of the enhanced EfficientNet model underscores its potential for advancing the field, achieving both high classification accuracy and parameter efficiency. We hope this aligns with your expectations. If there are further adjustments or clarifications needed, please let us know.
Determinant Yield Spread Sukuk dan Obligasi Konvensional di Indonesia
Authors: Putra Utut Rara 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempertegas perbedaan antara Sukuk dan Obligasi Konvensional melalui faktor yang mempengaruhi yield spread pada Sukuk dan Obligasi Konvensional. Peneliti menggunakan dua variabel utama dalam menganalisa perbedaan yield spread yaitu firm spresific dan kondisi makro ekonomi. Data yang digunakan adalah Sukuk dan Obligasi Konvensional pada periode 2015 – 2021 dengan jangka waktu jatuh tempo pada 3, 5 dan 7 Tahun dengan total 385 Obligasi Konvensional dan 80 Sukuk. Hasil Penelitian mengungkapkan pada Obligasi Konvensional, rasio kecukupan bunga berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap selisih imbal hasil, sedangkan pada Sukuk rasio modal menjadi variabel yang signifikan mempengaruhi. Sukuk dan Oblagasi Konvensional juga dipengaruhi oleh kondisi makro ekonomi dengan variabel yang berbeda.
Statistical Association between the Candidate Repeating FRB 20200320A and a Galaxy Group
Authors: Rafiei-Ravandi Masoud , Smith Kendrick M. , Michilli D. , Pleunis Ziggy , Bhardwaj Mohit , Dobbs Matt , Eadie Gwendolyn M. , Fonseca Emmanuel , Gaensler B. M. , Kaczmarek Jane , Kaspi Victoria M. , Leung Calvin , Li Dongzi , Masui Kiyoshi W. , Pandhi Ayush , Pearlman Aaron B. , Petroff Emily , Rahman Mubdi , Scholz Paul , Stenning David C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present results from angular cross correlations between select samples of CHIME/FRB repeaters and galaxies in three photometric galaxy surveys, which have shown correlations with the first CHIME/FRB catalog containing repeating and nonrepeating sources: Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) × SCOS, DESI-BGS, and DESI-LRG. We find a statistically significant correlation (p-value <0.001, after accounting for look-elsewhere factors) between a sample of repeaters with an extragalactic dispersion measure (DM) > 395 pc cm−3 and WISE × SCOS galaxies with redshift z > 0.275. We demonstrate that the correlation arises surprisingly because of a statistical association between FRB 20200320A (extragalactic DM ≈ 550 pc cm−3) and a galaxy group in the same dark matter halo at redshift z ≈ 0.32. We estimate that the host halo, along with an intervening halo at redshift z ≈ 0.12, accounts for at least ∼30% of the extragalactic DM. Our results strongly motivate incorporating galaxy group and cluster catalogs into direct host association pipelines for FRBs with

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1
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localization precision, effectively utilizing the two-point information to constrain FRB properties such as their redshift and DM distributions. In addition, we find marginal evidence for a negative correlation at 99.4% confidence limit between a sample of repeating FRBs with baseband data (median extragalactic DM = 354 pc cm−3) and DESI-LRG galaxies with redshift 0.3 ≤ z < 0.45, suggesting that the repeaters might be more prone than apparent nonrepeaters to propagation effects in FRB–galaxy correlations due to intervening free electrons over angular scales ∼0.°5.
Discovery of a Young, Highly Scattered Pulsar PSR J1032-5804 with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
Authors: Wang Ziteng , Kaplan David L. , Sengar Rahul , Lenc Emil , Zic Andrew , Anumarlapudi Akash , Gaensler B. M. , Hurley-Walker Natasha , Murphy Tara , Wang Yuanming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We report the discovery of a young, highly scattered pulsar in a search for highly circularly polarized radio sources as part of the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder Variables and Slow Transients survey. In follow-up observations with the Parkes radio telescope, Murriyang, we identified PSR J1032−5804 and measured a period of 78.7 ms, a dispersion measure of 819 ± 4 pc cm−3, a rotation measure of −2000 ± 1 rad m−2, and a characteristic age of 34.6 kyr. We found a pulse scattering timescale at 3 GHz of ∼22 ms, implying a timescale at 1 GHz of ∼3845 ms, which is the third most scattered pulsar known and explains its nondetection in previous pulsar surveys. We discuss the identification of a possible pulsar wind nebula and supernova remnant in the pulsar’s local environment by analyzing the pulsar spectral energy distribution and the surrounding extended emission from multiwavelength images. Our result highlights the possibility of identifying extremely scattered pulsars from radio continuum images. Ongoing and future large-scale radio continuum surveys will offer us an unprecedented opportunity to find more extreme pulsars (e.g., highly scattered, highly intermittent, and highly accelerated), which will enhance our understanding of the characteristics of pulsars and the interstellar medium.
Could a Kilonova Kill: A Threat Assessment
Authors: Perkins Haille M. L. , Ellis John , Fields Brian D. , Hartmann Dieter H. , Liu Zhenghai , McLaughlin Gail C. , Surman Rebecca , Wang Xilu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Binary neutron star mergers produce high-energy emissions from several physically different sources, including a gamma-ray burst (GRB) and its afterglow, a kilonova (KN), and, at late times, a remnant many parsecs in size. Ionizing radiation from these sources can be dangerous for life on Earth-like planets when located too close. Work to date has explored the substantial danger posed by the GRB to on-axis observers; here we focus instead on the potential threats posed to nearby off-axis observers. Our analysis is based largely on observations of the GW170817/GRB 170817A multi-messenger event, as well as theoretical predictions. For baseline KN parameters, we find that the X-ray emission from the afterglow may be lethal out to ∼1 pc and the off-axis gamma-ray emission may threaten a range out to ∼4 pc, whereas the greatest threat comes years after the explosion, from the cosmic rays accelerated by the KN blast, which can be lethal out to distances up to ∼11 pc. The distances quoted here are typical, but the values have significant uncertainties and depend on the viewing angle, ejected mass, and explosion energy in ways we quantify. Assessing the overall threat to Earth-like planets, KNe have a similar kill distance to supernovae, but are far less common. However, our results rely on the scant available KN data, and multi-messenger observations will clarify the danger posed by such events.
Monitoring the X-Ray Variability of Bright X-Ray Sources in M33
Authors: Kyer Rebecca , Albrecht Shelby , Williams Benjamin F. , Hinton Kyros , Binder Breanna , Lazzarini Margaret , Garofali Kristen , Lehmer Bret , Eracleous Michael , Plucinsky Paul P. , Antoniou Vallia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a new five-epoch Chandra X-ray Observatory monitoring survey of the nearby spiral galaxy M33 which probes X-ray variability with time sampling between two weeks and four months. We characterize the X-ray variability of 55 bright point sources outside of the nucleus, many of which are expected to be high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs). We detect eight new candidate transients not detected in previous X-ray catalogs of M33 and discuss their possible nature. The final catalog includes 26 known HMXB candidates identified in the literature. We extend the baseline of the X-ray light curves up to 21 yr by including archival X-ray observations of these sources. We compare the detection and nondetection epochs of the sources to suites of simulated source duty cycles and infer that most of our detected sources have duty cycles >30%. We find only four sources whose detection patterns are consistent with having duty cycles below 30%. This large fraction of sources with high duty cycles is unexpected for a population of HMXBs; thus more frequent X-ray monitoring will likely reveal many more low duty cycle HMXBs in M33.
Gut Guardianship
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Pawan Rawal  , Navneet Agrawal  , Nitin Kapoor  
Published: January 2024

In this communication, we define and describe gut guardianship as the processes, behaviours and activities that may be followed or undertaken, so as to achieve and maintain a healthy gut, and gut microbiome. These include aspects such related to nutrition, lifestyle, rational drug use, and microbial modulation by using prebiotics and probiotics. Gut guardianship helps in optimizing various aspects of human health including metabolic health, mitogenic balance, micronutrient absorption, mood (gaity) maintenance, gut immunity, and general well-being.
Keywords: Antibiotics, microbiome, microflora, prebiotics, probiotics, proton pump inhibitors, rational drug use
Outcomes of arterial switch operation for taussig-bing variant at Vietnam National Children’s Hospital
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Mai , Nguyen Huu Uoc , Doan Vuong Anh , Nguyen Ly Thinh Truong 
Published: January 2024

Objective: Midterm outcomes of arterial switch operation for Taussig-Bing variant at Children Heart Center, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital was evaluated.[1]
Methods: From February 2010 to October 2021, all patients diagnosed with Taussig-Bing anomaly who underwent arterial switch operation at Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital retrospective review.
Results: There were 99 consecutive patients enrolled in this study. The median age and the median weight at operation was 55 (83) days) and 3,7 (1,25) kg respectively. There were 78 males (78,8%) and 21 (21,2%) females. After arterial switch operation, there were 13 in-hospital deaths (13,1%) and 2 late deaths (2.1%) for patients with Tausig-Bing variant. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed secondary aortic cross‐clamping (HR 4,42, 95% CI, 1,18–16,54; p = 0,028) was risk factor for overall mortality. There were 15 (15,1%) patients who required cardiac reoperation, with only 4 patients needed reoperations for right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
Conclusions: Outcomes of arterial switch operation for Taussig-Bing variant in Vietnam National Children’s Hospital were satisfaction, and longer follow-up are essential.
Internal iliac debranching in combination with abdominal aortic stent graft to treat bilateral common iliac aneurysms
Authors: Vo Tuan Anh , Dang Ha Huu Phuoc 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Common iliac artery aneurysms are often diagnosed during routine screening for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms. Preserving the internal iliac artery helps avoid colonic ischemia and buttocks claudication. Hybrid surgery combining internal iliac artery transposition and endovascular treatment is a method with good early and long-term results.
Methods
We report of a case of bilateral common iliac artery aneurysm treated by hybrid surgery and endovascular intervention at Dong Nai General Hospital
Results
A 69 year-old male, diagnosed with bilateral common iliac artery aneurysm and left internal iliac artery occlusion. Surgical transposition was performed to repimplant the right internal iliac artery into the right external iliac artery, folowed by endovascular treatment, the right branch of the graft was placed at the external iliac artery, the left branch of the graft was placed at the common iliac artery. Postoperative condition was stable, no early complications recorded
Conclusion
Hybrid surgery to treat iliac aortic aneurysms and common iliac artery aneurysms has quite good mid- and long-term results. The initial successful implementation of this technique at Dong Nai General Hospital contributes to team development, reduces the load on central hospitals and brings practical benefits to patients.
American Diplomacy Toward Lebanon
Authors: Hale David 
Published: January 2024

Lebanon's significance to the Middle East and the global arena is greater than its small size suggests - bordering Israel and Syria, it holds a geo-strategic role as the playing field for their competition as well as for their allies, America and Iran. This book examines how American diplomacy has responded to the intersection of local, regional, and international factors in Lebanon.
David Hale examines several key episode in US diplomatic history with Lebanon, starting with the country's independence in 1943, up until the present moment. Crucial events such as the Lebanese Civil War, the Cedar Revolution, and more recently the spillover from the Syrian Civil War, are examined within the context of the respective US government administrations of the time and their foreign policy strategies. Hale asks whether policy-makers had realistic and compelling goals, the right strategy, sufficient means, and capable diplomats in its diplomatic approaches towards Lebanon through the years.
Crucially, this study focuses on how, during these critical periods, American diplomacy toward Lebanon had consequences beyond the country itself, and on the narrative lines and lessons for the broader conduct of American foreign policy.
Baumgarten’s Philosophical Ethics
Authors: Baumgarten Alexander Gottlieb 
Published: January 2024

Alexander Baumgarten’s Ethica Philosophica (1740) served as a chief textbook of philosophical instruction in German universities for several decades, and was used by Immanuel Kant for his lectures on moral philosophy between 1759 and 1794. Now translated into English for the first time, John Hymers explores the extent of Baumgarten's influence on the development of German philosophy.
Accompanied by an introduction to Baumgarten and his work, this translation features an explanation of the general importance of the Ethica Philosophica and its relation to Christian Wolff and G.F. Meier’s practical philosophy, together with its role in Kant’s lectures. First-time translations of elucidatory passages from the writings of Meier, Wolff, and Heinrich Köhler appear together with the relevant transcriptions of Kant’s lectures on ethics.
Based on a thorough knowledge of the original text, Hymer's clear translation and supporting material makes it possible to distinguish Kant’s own remarks and insights from his attempts to expound and summarize Baumgarten’s ideas. This is a much-needed contribution for anyone working in the history of modern philosophy.
With Power Comes Responsibility
Authors: McKeown Maeve 
Published: January 2024

Does buying clothes from a high street shop make me morally responsible for sweatshop labour? If I, as a consumer, am not responsible, who is? Can anyone bear responsibility for a "structural" injustice?
Some thinkers like Iris Marion Young claim nobody in particular is morally responsible for structural injustice. Instead, all people share a non-blameworthy political responsibility to change it. With Power Comes Responsibility argues that there are moral agents, more responsible than others, for global structural injustice and recognising this is crucial to powerful institutions and individuals taking on the responsibility to change things for the better. McKeown does not dismiss the fact that we all need to take responsibility for ushering in change but also argues that these smaller, personal acts of resistance shouldn’t distract from holding powerful agents to account. To put it bluntly, the person buying clothes from a high street shop is not as responsible as the shop making their clothes in sweatshops.
McKeown uses case studies from around the world including the Nike Corporation and Facebook, and explores world events such as the COVID-19 crisis and the toppling of slave trader statues as moments when the power and ubiquity of structural injustice is revealed.
Babygirl, You’ve Got This!
Authors: Pennant April-Louise 
Published: January 2024

How do Black women experience education in Britain?
Within British educational research about Black students, gender distinctions have been largely absent, or male-dominated. Due to the lack of attention paid to Black female students, relatively little is known about how they understand and engage with the education system, or the influences which shape their long-term strategies and decision-making in order to gain educational ‘success’.
This book will illustrate the educational experiences and journeys of Black British women graduates and considers the influence of the intersections of race, gender and social class on their educational journeys. April Louise Pennant uniquely documents the entire educational journey - from primary school to university - within both elite, and predominantly white, educational institutions as well as multicultural and state funded schools, in order to examine the various accessibility, financial and academic hurdles which face Black women.
The book combines theoretical frameworks such as Critical Race Theory and Black Feminist epistemology, alongside the personal accounts of the author and a range of Black British women graduates. Through analysis of the strategies, choices and decisions made by Black British women in their educational journeys, the book ultimately provides insights into how to navigate the education system effectively, and provides alternatives to normalized understandings of educational ‘success’.