bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of ESIN and other minimally invasive techniques for anterior pelvic ring injury: a finite element analysis and case-control study
Authors: Xia Weijie , Jiang Hongyi , Tao Endong , Ye Jianjun , Wang Fulin , Wang Xianyu , Cai Leyi , Feng Yongzeng 
Published: February 2024

Object:
A novel technique, percutaneous elastic stable intramedullary nail fixation (ESIN), proposed by our team for the treatment of anterior pelvic ring injury. Finite element analysis and retrospective case-control study were used to compare biomechanical properties and clinical outcomes between ESIN and other techniques.

Methods:
Four groups of finite element models of pelvic anterior ring injury were simulated, including ESIN (model A), retrograde transpubic screw fixation (RTSF, model B), subcutaneous internal fixator (model C), and external fixator (model D), and a vertical downward load of 500 N was applied to the S1 vertebral endplate. Stress and displacement distributions of intact pelvis, displacement distributions of pubic fracture fragments, and stress distributions of fixation devices were analyzed. Then 31 patients with anterior pelvic ring injury (15 in the ESIN group and 16 in the RTSF group) were reviewed. Clinical outcomes were evaluated at the final follow-up. Postoperative complications were also recorded.

Results:
Under 500N loading, the intact stability of the pelvis was compared as follows: model B (20.58 mm, 121.82 MPa), model A (20.80 mm, 129.97 MPa), model C (22.02 mm, 141.70 MPa), and model D (22.57 mm, 147.06MPa). The regional stability of superior pubic ramus was compared as follows: model B (9.48 mm), model A (10.16 mm), model C (10.52 mm), and model D (10.76 mm). All 31 patients received follow-up at least 12 months post-surgery (range 12–20 months). Age, sex, injury mechanism, fracture type, time between the injury and operation, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, follow-up period, time to union and Majeed scores did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the differences in the duration of unilateral surgery, unilateral intraoperative fluoroscopy and one-time success rate were significant (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
With sufficient biomechanical stability and minimally invasive advantage, the percutaneous technique using ESIN can be used to successfully treat anterior pelvic ring injuries. In addition, advantages over RTSF include a shorter duration of surgery, reduced requirement for intraoperative fluoroscopy and a higher one-time success rate. ESIN therefore constitutes a good alternative to RTSF.
Healthcare associated infection management in 62 intensive care units for patients with congenital heart disease in China, a survey study
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Li Shuo , Huo Da , Wang Shilin , Wang Wenlong , He Hongxia , Zhang Qian , Li Jiantao , Wang Xu 
Published: February 2024

Objectives:
All patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) receive postoperative management in ICUs. Infection prevention and control (IPC) has a significant impact on prognosis. This study provides a preliminary understanding of the fundamental aspects of IPC in ICUs following CHD surgery in China.

Methods:
From September to October 2023, we initiated a survey on HAI management in hospitals that perform CHD surgeries independently. The questionnaires were jointly completed by the ICU physicians and IPC personnel. Duplicate or unqualified questionnaires were excluded from the study. The contents of our questionnaires covered hospital and ICU capacity, performance of the infection control department, HAI surveillance, implementation of IPC measures, and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). Qualified questionnaires were compared according to the volume of annual CHD surgeries performed in different ICUs. Group 1 was defined as volume > 300 cases and group 2 was defined as volume ≤300 cases.

Results:
62 of the 118 questionnaires were completed, with a response rate of 53%. The CHD surgical volume in 2022 of the 62 hospitals was 36342, accounting for 52% of the annual CHD surgical volume (69672) across the country. The postoperative infection rates obtained from the 15 ICUs varied from 1.3% to 15%, with a median rate of 4.5%. A total of 16 ICUs provided data on drug-resistant bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibiting the highest frequency. More than 95% of ICUs have established complete HAI management systems. Information-based HAI surveillance was conducted in 89% of ICUs. Approximately 67% of ICUs stopped prophylactic antibiotics within 48 hours after surgery. In complex cases, carbapenems were administered empirically in 89% of ICUs. Group 1 had an advantage over group 2 in preventing multidrug-resistant organisms (all instruments should be used alone 100% vs. 86%, P=0.047; cleaning and disinfection of environmental surfaces, 100% vs. 81%, P=0.035; antibiotic consumption control 85% vs. 61%, P=0.044) and in preventing surgical site infections (perioperative blood glucose monitoring, 88% vs. 67%, P=0.048). However, Group 1 did not perform well in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection (delayed catheter removal due to convenience of laboratory tests, 31% vs. 6%, P=0.021) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (delayed catheter removal due to muscle relaxant administration, 88% vs. 58%, P=0.022).

Conclusions:
A relatively complete HAI management system has been established throughout the country in ICUs for CHD patients. Information-based surveillance of HAI needs to be promoted, and actions should be taken to facilitate the implementation of IPC measures and AMS bundles. Training and feedback are critical for implementing IPC measures.
Internal jugular vein pressure monitoring guided venous reconstruction could improve perioperative safety after superior vena cava resection for mediastinal tumors: a cohort study
Authors: Hao Xiuxiu , Gu Zhitao , Liu Haoran , Zhang Xuefei , Xu Ning , Mao Teng , Fang Wentao 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
After superior vena cava (SVC) resection, the decision on unilateral or bilateral reconstruction was mostly based on the expertise of surgeons without objective measurements. This study explored the use of internal jugular vein pressure (IJVP) monitoring to guide the SVC reconstruction strategy.

Methods:
In a retrospective cohort, perioperative outcomes of unilateral and bilateral reconstruction based on surgeons’ experience were compared. Then, IJVP threshold was measured when temporarily clamping the left innominate vein (LIV) in a testing cohort. Venous reconstruction according to IJVP monitoring was performed in a prospective validation cohort afterwards. Perioperative outcomes were compared between the prospective and the retrospective cohorts. For some interested variables, intuitive explanations would be given using Bayesian methods. Potential risk factors for postoperative complications were investigated by multivariable analysis.

Results:
From March 2009 to September 2022, 57 patients underwent SVC reconstruction based on surgeons’ experience. Bayesian analysis indicated a posterior probability of 80.49% that unilateral reconstruction had less blood loss than bilateral reconstruction (median 550 mL vs. 1200 mL). Cerebral edema occurred in 2 patients after unilateral reconstruction. In the testing cohort, median IJVP was 22.7 (18-27) cmH2O after temporary LIV clamping in 10 patients. In the prospective cohort, unilateral reconstruction only was performed if the contralateral IJVP was<30 cmH2O in 16 patients. Bilateral reconstruction was performed if IJVP was≥30 cmH2O after unilateral bypass in 9 patients. No cerebral edema occurred in the prospective cohort. Less postoperative complications occurred in the prospective cohort than the retrospective cohort (12.0% vs. 38.6%, P=0.016). Upon multivariable analysis, IJVP-monitoring guided SVC reconstruction was associated with significantly less postoperative complications (P=0.033).

Conclusions:
Intraoperative IJVP-monitoring is a useful strategy for selection of unilateral or bilateral SVC reconstruction and improving perioperative safety in patients with mediastinal tumors.
Superficial Temporal Artery Posterior Branch Flap for Reconstruction of Composite Oral/Perioral Defects
Authors: Baghaki Semih , Yalcin Can E. , Celik Ugur , Cinar Fatih 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Defects involving total lower and/or upper lip often extend to intraoral and/or perioral areas. Flaps based on superficial temporal artery, either as pedicled or free flaps, can be used for reconstruction of various head and neck defects. In this clinical study, we tried to demonstrate the application of a pedicled flap based on the posterior branch of superficial temporal artery in 3-dimensional reconstruction of these composite oral/perioral defects as a successful alternative in cases where microvascular tissue transfer cannot be performed.

Patients and Methods
Six male patients with composite perioral/oral defects who underwent reconstruction with a pedicled flap based on the posterior branch of the superficial temporal artery between April 2020 and December 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic data, topographic data of defects, and the dimensions of the flaps were gathered from patient files. All patients required reconstruction after tumor resection.

Results
All flaps survived without any signs of partial or total necrosis. Postoperatively, the patients did not report any oral incompetence or drooling, and they were able to fully close their mouths.

Conclusions
Pedicled flaps based on the posterior branch of superficial temporal artery provide reliable results in composite perioral/oral reconstruction.
Comparative Study of the Morphological Characteristics of Perforators of the Transverse and Descending Branches of the Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery in Anterolateral Thigh Flap Surgery
Authors: Huang Yongtao , Cao Yang , Yang Lin , Gao Qinfeng , Yang Chengpeng , Sun Fengwen , Liu Yucheng , Cheng Junnan , Zhang Tao , Ju Jihui 
Published: February 2024

Background
The anterolateral thigh flap (ALTF) is a kind of lateral thigh flap that uses branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) as the vessel pedicle and is widely used in plastic surgery. During classic ALTF surgery, some perforators from the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA-db) are hard to harvest due to their anatomical variants and individual differences; thus, it is necessary to design an appropriate alternative surgical plan. The transverse branch of the LCFA (LCFA-tb) has unique advantages and can be a potential complement to ALTF vascular pedicle selection. The aim of this study was to compare the difference in morphology between LCFA-db and LCFA-tb, and to verify the feasibility and clinical effect of ALTF with LCFA-tb as the source artery.

Methods
The morphological and clinical data of patients who underwent wound repair of the extremities with the ALTF pedicled with the LCFA-tb and LCFA-db were retrospectively analyzed. This study consisted of the clinical data of 62 patients who accepted an ALTF pedicled with LCFA-tb, and 45 patients accepted an ALTF pedicled with LCFA-db.

Results
A total of 68 cutaneous perforators originating from the LCFA-tb were found in the surgical field, of which 35 perforators were direct cutaneous perforators (51.5%), 28 perforators were septocutaneous perforators (41.2%), and 5 perforators were musculocutaneous perforators (7.3%). Seventy-four cutaneous perforators were found in the LCFA-db group. The proportions of septocutaneous perforators and musculocutaneous perforators were 23% and 77%, respectively, and the number of direct cutaneous perforators was 0. The harvest time of flaps pedicled with LCFA-tb was remarkably shortened. Regarding prognosis, there were no significant differences between the curative effects of the 2 types of flaps.

Conclusions
This study verified that most LCFA-tb perforators are direct cutaneous perforators and that the piercing-in positions of LCFA-tb perforators on superficial fascia were higher than those of LCFA-db perforators. Furthermore, the ALTF pedicled with LCFA-tb can provide satisfactory soft tissue reconstruction and can be used as a useful supplement to the traditional flap design.
Assessing the Benefits and Downsides of Physician Review Websites to Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Yi Victoria N. , Tian William M. , Klifto Kevin , Atia Tim , Sergesketter Amanda R. , Erdmann Detlev 
Published: February 2024

Background
Patients often evaluate the reputations of plastic surgeons based on their performances on physician review websites. This article aims to compare rating methodologies and conduct a cost-benefit analysis of physician review websites to further understand how plastic surgeons and their patients can utilize review websites to inform their practice and care.

Methods
A review of online literature, blogs, and 17 of the most common physician review websites was conducted to identify information on review website methodology, cost, and benefits most pertinent to plastic surgeons and their patients.

Results
Physician review websites utilize various combinations of physician-related and unrelated criteria to evaluate plastic surgeons. Across 17 reviewed platforms, most (71%) utilize star ratings to rate physicians, 18% require an appointment to conduct a review, and 35% feature search engine optimization. Many websites (53%) allow physicians to pay for benefits or extension packages, with benefits offered including advertising, search engine optimization, competitor blocking, social media marketing, consultant services, and data analytics. Competitor blocking was provided by the most number of websites who offered additional services for pay (78%).

Conclusions
Appointments are not required to post physician reviews on many review websites, and many websites allow physicians to purchase packages to enhance their search engine optimization or consumer reach. Accordingly, plastic surgeons' reputations on review websites may be influenced by factors extraneous to actual patient care. Patients and physicians should be cognizant that physician review websites may not be reflective of factors related to quality of patient care.
Sublingual Ketamine for Depression and Anxiety: A Retrospective Study of Real-World Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Swanson Lauren N. , Jones Lila S. , Aycart Jose Muñoz , Zhu Zhipeng , Rabin David M. , Kuhn Taylor 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of repeated at-home ketamine treatments for depression, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety and assess safety in terms of adverse effects and tendency towards long-term use.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included patients with depression, generalized anxiety, and/or social anxiety who received ketamine treatment (delivered at-home via low-dose, sublingual lozenges) through a private telehealth provider. Data was collected between May 2022 and April 2023. The primary outcome was change in depression, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety symptoms from baseline to three follow-up time points, measured via Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), and Social Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale (SAD-D-10), with analysis subgroups established based on baseline diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included side effects, adverse events, long-term use, well-being improvements, and comparison of outcomes between treatment-resistant and non-resistant depression cases.ResultsOf 431 patients (mean [SD] age, 43.6 [10.9] years; 49.2% women), 81 (18.8%) reported minor side effects resolving within 24 hours, and 397 concluded treatment in ≤ 6 months. Statistically significant improvement on the primary outcome was observed at all follow-ups in all three subgroups (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between treatment-resistant and non-resistant depression outcomes.ConclusionsRepeated sublingual ketamine significantly reduced depression, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety with no major adverse events and minimal tendency towards long-term use observed. These findings prompt further exploration of ketamine as an alternative or adjunct to medications such as SSRIs and benzodiazepines to minimize response delays and dependence risk.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 – Reactive Salivary Antibody Detection in South Carolina Emergency Healthcare Workers: September 2019–March 2020
Authors: Meltzer Haley C. , Goodwin Jane L. , Fowler Lauren A. , Britt Thomas W. , Pirrallo Ronald G. , Grier Jennifer T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundOn 19 January 2020, the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was identified in the US, with the first cases in South Carolina (SC) confirmed on 06 March 2020. Due to initial limited testing capabilities and potential for asymptomatic transmission, it is possible that the virus was present earlier than previously thought while preexisting immunity in at-risk populations was unknown.MethodsSalivary samples from 55 SC emergency department physicians, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) providers, and medical students working as EMTs were collected from September 2019 to March 2020 as part of a separate study and stored frozen. To determine if antibody-based immunity to SARS-CoV-2 was present prior to the first recorded cases, saliva acquired post-shift was analyzed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with repeat of positive or inconclusive results and follow-up testing of pre-shift samples.ResultsTwo participants were positive for SARS-CoV-2-reactive salivary IgG, confirmed by repeat and follow-up testing. Positive samples were from medical students working in EMS and were collected in October or November of 2019.ConclusionsThe presence of detectable antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 suggests that immunity existed in SC, and the US as a whole, prior to the earliest documented cases of COVID-19. Additionally, successful analysis of banked salivary samples demonstrates the feasibility of saliva as a noninvasive tool for surveillance of emerging outbreaks. These findings suggest that emergency healthcare providers represent a high-risk population that should be the focus of infectious disease surveillance.Article SummaryRetrospective SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing of saliva from emergency healthcare workers pre-pandemic identifies two reactive individuals in late 2019. Findings suggest the importance of emergency healthcare workers for infectious disease surveillance and saliva as an effective diagnostic tool.
Functional 3’-UTR Variants Identify Regulatory Mechanisms Impacting Alcohol Use Disorder and Related Traits
Authors: Chen Andy B. , Yu Xuhong , Thapa Kriti S. , Gao Hongyu , Reiter Jill L , Xuei Xiaoling , Tsai Andy P. , Landreth Gary E. , Lai Dongbing , Wang Yue , Foroud Tatiana M. , Tischfield Jay A. , Edenberg Howard J. , Liu Yunlong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified loci associated with alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD), they do not identify which variants are functional. To approach this, we evaluated the impact of variants in 3’ untranslated regions (3’-UTRs) of genes in loci associated with substance use and neurological disorders using a massively parallel reporter assay (MPRA) in neuroblastoma and microglia cells. Functionally impactful variants explained a higher proportion of heritability of alcohol traits than non-functional variants. We identified genes whose 3’-UTR activities are associated with AUD and alcohol consumption by combining variant effects from MPRA with GWAS results. We examined their effects by evaluating gene expression after CRISPR inhibition of neuronal cells and stratifying brain tissue samples by MPRA-derived 3’-UTR activity. A pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes identified inflammation response pathways. These analyses suggest that variation in response to inflammation contributes to the propensity to increase alcohol consumption.
Forseti: A mechanistic and predictive model of the splicing status of scRNA-seq reads
Authors: He Dongze , Gao Yuan , Chan Spencer Skylar , Quintana-Parrilla Natalia , Patro Rob 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMotivationShort-read single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been used to study cellular heterogeneity, cellular fate, and transcriptional dynamics. Modeling splicing dynamics in scRNA-seq data is challenging, with inherent difficulty in even the seemingly straightforward task of elucidating the splicing status of the molecules from which sequenced fragments are drawn. This difficulty arises, in part, from the limited read length and positional biases, which substantially reduce the specificity of the sequenced fragments. As a result, the splicing status of many reads in scRNA-seq is ambiguous because of a lack of definitive evidence. We are therefore in need of methods that can recover the splicing status of ambiguous reads which, in turn, can lead to more accuracy and confidence in downstream analyses.ResultsWe developForseti, a predictive model to probabilistically assign a splicing status to scRNA-seq reads. Our model has two key components. First, we train a binding affinity model to assign a probability that a given transcriptomic site is used in fragment generation. Second, we fit a robust fragment length distribution model that generalizes well across datasets deriving from different species and tissue types.Forseticombines these two trained models to predict the splicing status of the molecule of origin of reads by scoring putative fragments that associate each alignment of sequenced reads with proximate potential priming sites. Using both simulated and experimental data, we show that our model can precisely predict the splicing status of reads and identify the true gene origin of multi-gene mapped reads.AvailabilityForsetiand the code used for producing the results are available athttps://github.com/COMBINE-lab/forsetiunder a BSD 3-clause license.
Characterizing and addressing error modes to improve sequencing accuracy
Authors: Kruglyak Semyon , Altomare Andrew , Ambroso Mark , Dien Vivian , Lajoie Bryan , Wiseman Kelly N. , Levy Shawn , Kellinger Matthew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe accuracy of a sequencing platform has traditionally been measured by the %Q30, or percentage of data exceeding a basecall accuracy of 99.9%. Improvements to accuracy beyond Q30 may be beneficial for certain applications such as the identification of low frequency alleles or the improvement of reference genomes. Here we demonstrate how we achieved over 70% Q50 (99.999% accuracy) data on the AVITI™ sequencer. This level of accuracy required us to not only improve sequencing quality but also to mitigate library preparation errors and analysis artifacts.