bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the Mass–Metallicity Relation from Redshift z ≈ 8 to the Local Universe
Authors: Langeroodi Danial , Hjorth Jens , Chen Wenlei , Kelly Patrick L. , Williams Hayley , Lin Yu-Heng , Scarlata Claudia , Zitrin Adi , Broadhurst Tom , Diego Jose M. , Huang Xiaosheng , Filippenko Alexei V. , Foley Ryan J. , Jha Saurabh , Koekemoer Anton M. , Oguri Masamune , Perez-Fournon Ismael , Pierel Justin , Poidevin Frederick , Strolger Lou 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A tight positive correlation between the stellar mass and the gas-phase metallicity of galaxies has been observed at low redshifts. The redshift evolution of this correlation can strongly constrain theories of galaxy evolution. The advent of JWST allows probing the mass–metallicity relation at redshifts far beyond what was previously accessible. Here we report the discovery of two emission line galaxies at redshifts 8.15 and 8.16 in JWST NIRCam imaging and NIRSpec spectroscopy of targets gravitationally lensed by the cluster RX J2129.4+0005. We measure their metallicities and stellar masses along with nine additional galaxies at 7.2 < z
spec < 9.5 to report the first quantitative statistical inference of the mass–metallicity relation at z ≈ 8. We measure ∼0.9 dex evolution in the normalization of the mass–metallicity relation from z ≈ 8 to the local universe; at a fixed stellar mass, galaxies are 8 times less metal enriched at z ≈ 8 compared to the present day. Our inferred normalization is in agreement with the predictions of FIRE simulations. Our inferred slope of the mass–metallicity relation is similar to or slightly shallower than that predicted by FIRE or observed at lower redshifts. We compare the z ≈ 8 galaxies to extremely low-metallicity analog candidates in the local universe, finding that they are generally distinct from extreme emission line galaxies or “green peas,” but are similar in strong emission line ratios and metallicities to “blueberry galaxies.” Despite this similarity, at a fixed stellar mass, the z ≈ 8 galaxies have systematically lower metallicities compared to blueberry galaxies.
The Inhomogeneity Effect. III. Weather Impacts on the Heat Flow of Hot Jupiters
Authors: Zhang Xi , Li Cheng , Ge Huazhi , Le Tianhao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The interior flux of a giant planet impacts atmospheric motion, and the atmosphere dictates the interior’s cooling. Here we use a non-hydrostatic general circulation model (Simulating Non-hydrostatic Atmospheres on Planets) coupled with a multi-stream multi-scattering radiative module (High-performance Atmospheric Radiation Package) to simulate the weather impacts on the heat flow of hot Jupiters. We found that the vertical heat flux is primarily transported by convection in the lower atmosphere and regulated by dynamics and radiation in the overlying radiation-circulation zone. The temperature inversion occurs on the dayside and reduces the upward radiative flux. The atmospheric dynamics relay the vertical heat transport until the radiation becomes efficient in the upper atmosphere. The cooling flux increases with atmospheric drag due to increased day–night contrast and spatial inhomogeneity. The temperature dependence of the infrared opacity greatly amplifies the opacity inhomogeneity. Although atmospheric circulation could transport heat downward in a narrow region above the radiative-convective boundary, the opacity inhomogeneity effect overcomes the dynamical effect and leads to a larger overall interior cooling than the local simulations with the same interior entropy and stellar flux. The enhancement depends critically on the equilibrium temperature, drag, and atmospheric opacity. In a strong-drag atmosphere hotter than 1600 K, a significant inhomogeneity effect in three-dimensional (3D) models can boost interior cooling several-fold compared to the 1D radiative-convective equilibrium models. This study confirms the analytical argument of the inhomogeneity effect in the companion papers by Zhang. It highlights the importance of using 3D atmospheric models in understanding the inflation mechanisms of hot Jupiters and giant planet evolution in general.
Hidden Companions to Intermediate-mass Stars. XI. Uncovering a 0.7 M
⊙, 2.3 au Companion in the Astrometric Binary HIP 111200 = 58 Aquarii*
Authors: Waisberg Idel , Klein Ygal , Katz Boaz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We report on the direct VLTI/GRAVITY interferometric detection of a close companion in the nearby Hipparcos astrometric binary 58 Aquarii with a K band flux ratio of 5.0% at a projected separation 32 mas ↔ 2.3 au. Through isochrone fitting we find that the primary is a 1.4 Gyr old, 1.68 M
⊙ late A-type star and the companion is a 0.72 M
⊙ K-type star. The estimated cooling age of 900 Myr for the wide (9940 au), 0.70 M
⊙ white dwarf (WD) companion to the system is consistent with a progenitor star of 2.9 M
⊙ assuming single star evolution. The survival of the triple system at such large separation suggests a low kick in the formation of the WD or alternatively that it has since migrated outwards through three-body interaction.
Face Plastic Surgery Recognition Model Based on Neural Network and Meta-Learning Model&nbsp;
Authors: Atallah Rasha R. , Al-Shamayleh Ahmad Sami , Awadallah Mohammed A. 
Published: October 2023

Facial recognition is a procedure of verifying a person&#39;s identity by using the face, which is considered one of the biometric security methods. However, facial recognition methods face many challenges, such as face aging, wearing a face mask, having a beard, and undergoing plastic surgery, which decreases the accuracy of these methods.
This study evaluates the impact of plastic surgery on face recognition models. The motivation for conducting the research in that aspect is because plastic surgery treatments do not only change the shape and texture of any face but also have increased rapidly in this era. This paper proposes a model based on an artificial neural network with model-agnostic meta-learning (ANN-MAML) for plastic surgery face recognition. This study aims to build a framework for face recognition before and after undergoing plastic surgery based on an artificial neural network. Also, the study seeks to clarify the collaboration between facial plastic surgery and facial recognition software to determine the issues. The researchers evaluated the proposed ANN-MAML&#39;s performance using the HDA dataset.&nbsp;
The experimental results show that the proposed ANN-MAML learning model attained an accuracy of 90% in facial recognition using Rhinoplasty (Nose surgery) images, 91% on Blepharoplasty surgery (Eyelid surgery) images, 94% on Brow lift (Forehead surgery) images, as well as 92% on Rhytidectomy (Facelift) images. Finally, the results of the proposed model were compared with the baseline methods by the researchers, which showed the superiority of the ANN-MAML over the baselines.&nbsp;
“I wanted satisfaction and I got it”: Women, Homicide, and Capital Punishment in Jim Crow Florida
Authors: Miller Vivien 
Published: October 2023

This article provides the first full study of capital and non-capital homicides committed by women in Florida in the interwar years and their treatment in the maturing Jim Crow criminal legal system of an active execution state. Over ninety percent of convicted female killers were African American, who were dramatically over-represented in homicide arrests and prosecutions. Unusually, two white women were sentenced to death in 1926 and 1927 in a period of political transformation, socio-economic dislocation, racial antagonism, and rising white lawbreaking. The capital conviction of an African American woman in 1929 created further unanticipated penal and clemency dilemmas for Florida governors, legal professionals, and pardon board members. The intersections of gender, race, class, violence, and punishment are explored through three main questions: Which women were accused and convicted of murder and manslaughter in Florida in the 1920s and 1930s and who were their victims? Why were these three women sentenced to death? What kinds of punishments and clemency did female killers receive? As the distinctive features of each capital murder case were often very similar to those resulting in prison terms or even acquittals, this state case study affirms that gendered capital punishment in the early twentieth century southern United States was defined largely by contingency and chance.
Evaluation of Mean “R” Wave Amplitude in Lead V1 of Electrocardiogram among Term Newborn Infants in Tertiary Care Institution in South India
Authors: Narasaiyan Hariharan , Balasubramanian Sathyamurthi 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The changes in the left ventricle to right ventricle muscle mass ratio account for the majority of the age-related changes in pediatric electrocardiograms (ECGs). A newborn's right ventricle muscle mass is more than the newborn's left ventricle. Physiologically, newborn infants have a dominant right ventricle. Race differences in QRS voltage normal values exist. Compared to Euro-Americans, African-Americans have a higher upper normal limit of QRS voltages. Typically, right ventricular hypertrophy is seen in newborns. To distinguish between pathological and physiological newborn hypertrophy, it is critical to measure the mean QRS amplitude in healthy newborns. This is the first study on the Indian population, with previous ones being conducted among African-Americans.

Methodology:
Between 2015 and 2016, this prospective observational study was carried out in the pediatrics department of a tertiary care facility in India. The study included 76 term newborns who were under 3 days old. In Chennai's Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital, the newborn infants underwent clinical examinations as well as echocardiography before receiving their ECGs. A baseline questionnaire that had been previously created was used for data collection.

Results:
For the Indian population, the mean R wave amplitude was 11.56 mm, with a standard deviation of 2.96 mm, and the 5th and 95th percentiles were 6.85 mm and 16.15 mm, respectively. The Fridericia formula for the mean QTc interval gives a value of 357.14 ms, a standard deviation of 34.072 ms, and a 95% confidence interval of 349.36–364.93 ms. Since a newborn's heart rate typically exceeds 100 beats/min, the measurement of QTc using the Fridericia formula more accurately predicts QTc in the newborn. The mean heart rate was 125.75 beats/min, with a standard deviation of 15.44 beats/min, and the 5th and 95th percentiles were 93.7 and 149 beats/min, respectively.

Conclusions:
The “R” wave mean amplitude in lead V1 was 11.56 mm, with a 2.96 mm standard deviation; the fifth and ninety-fifth percentiles, respectively, were 6.85 mm and 16.15 mm. The population's “R” wave in the lead V1 exhibits racial differences in amplitude.
Mortality in Soft-tissue Infections
Authors: Purushothaman Vijayan , Abraham Deepak Thomas , Kandasamy Subramani 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Soft-tissue infections are a common emergency surgical problem. The delayed presentation will lead to significant mortality and morbidity. There is no proper prognostication model available for this disease. Hence, we proposed this study to find factors predicting mortality in soft-tissue infections.

Methodology:
We conducted a case control study with a calculated sample size of 110. All the patients with soft-tissue infections who presented to our hospital were included after written consent. The data collected were analyzed for finding significant parameters predicting mortality using both univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results:
The factors that predicted mortality are, the requirement of ventilation during the treatment with a P = 0.000 (confidence interval [CI] - 0.001–0.074), and dialysis with a P = 0.026 (CI - 0.004–0.701). If these parameters were present during treatment for soft-tissue infections, the chances of mortality are high.

Conclusion:
Patients who require ventilator and dialysis assistance during treatment can be anticipated to have mortality from soft-tissue infections.
Comparison of the Patients with Diabetes Mellitus using Either Insulin or Oral Antidiabetic Drug in Terms of Difficult Laryngoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Win M , Erkalp K , Demirgan S , Ozcan FG , Sevdi MS , Selcan A 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
We aimed to evaluate the differences in the difficult laryngoscopy as a general anesthetic component in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) using either insulin or oral antidiabetic drug (OADD).

Materials and Methods:
This study was planned for a total of 230 patients including DM patients and non-DM patients as a control group who would undergo elective surgery between 30.01.2020–30.04.2020. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), Mallampati scores, thyromental distance (TMD), inter-incisor distance (IID), and neck extension measurements were noted. Preoperative HbA1C levels, DM type, diagnosis time, and duration of insulin or OADD use were recorded. Patients without DM (Group C), patients using insulin (Group I), and patients using OADD (Group D) were separated respectively. Cormack-Lehane (CL) classification of the airway, number of laryngoscopic attempts, intubation success at the first attempt, intubation duration, performance of backward-upward-rightward pressure (BURP) maneuver, and requirement of use of different airway equipment were compared between the groups.

Results:
The data of 192 patients were compared. The mean IID (mm) was lower in Groups I and D than C. It was the lowest in Group I. Presence of neck extension of more than 30° in Groups I and D was lower than C. Classification of CL in Groups I and D was higher than C. Number of laryngoscopic attempts was higher in Groups I and D than C. Intubation success at the first attempt was lower in Groups I and D than C. The intubation duration was longer in Groups I and D than C. It was the longest in Group I. The more BURP maneuvering was required in Groups I and D than C. In Groups I and D, the number of uses of different airway equipment was higher than in Group C. The rate of using a videolaryngoscope (VL) in Group I was higher than in Groups D and C.

Conclusion:
Difficult laryngoscopy was more common in DM patients. Moreover, in patients with DM using insulin, VL use was more often and intubation duration was longer than in patients with DM using OADD.
Evaluation of some bioactive compounds of <i>Azadirachta indica</i> extracts and its application as safe fungicide against different plant pathogenic fungi
Authors: Ali Javid , Hussain Arshad , Siddique Muhammad , Ur Rahman Zia 
Published: October 2023

Extracts of leaves, seeds and twigs of Azadirachta indica was carried out using Soxhlet extraction technique. These extracts were subjected to percent yield, in vitro phytochemical screening and antifungal activities (minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), zone of inhibition and spore germination assay) against plant pathogenic fungi Cladosporium fulvum, Colletotrichum coccodes, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. The Soxhlet extractive solvents were methanol, ethanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n–hexane. The maximum extractive yield were calculated in ethanol leaves (26±1.5%), methanol leaves (22±01%), n–hexane seeds (32±0.8%) and ethanol seeds (24±01%), while twigs calculated minimum extractive yield. The phytochemicals screening findings confirmed the occurrence of terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. The antifungal activities observed that leaves and seeds extracts of neem might cause the inhibition of mycelium and spore germination of tested fungi, though the antifungal activities rate of under study fungal strains diverse with dissimilar concentration and nature of extracts. However the entire concentrations of extract and crude extract especially the methanol and ethanol extracts of neem seeds and leaves reduce the plant pathogenic fungi growth at noteworthy rate. It was concluded from our results that neem leaves and seeds extracts were effectual as antifungal agents against the entire under study fungal strains however the most sensitive fungi were Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum. The findings acquired from this study revealed that chemical constituents from neem seeds and leaves may be formulated as latent agrochemical fungicides.
An Investigation into the Stability of some selected Geodetic Controls in Lagos State of Nigeria using the Strain Analysis Technique
Authors: Omogunloye O.G. , Bawa S. , Abiodun O. E. , Olunlade O. A. , Salami T. J. , Alabi A. O. 
Published: October 2023

Natural disasters pose global challenges and can result in social, economic, and environmental damage, substantial loss of life, and even pose a threat to geopolitical stability. The study of such disasters through deformation modeling and analyses has found application in the disciplines of Geodesy and Geodynamics. The strain method has in fact been used to model deformation. The strain deformation parameters, namely, dilatancy, total shear strain and differential rotation, of this finite elemental model were calculated by using the baseline ratios of the coordinates of a classical traverse observed using the Global Positioning System (space technique), in the Minna datum platform. Computation was undertaken in a MATLAB programme and a MONTE CARLO environment, after the ill-conditioned triangles in the network were excluded. Statistical analysis was used to determine the significance levels of the respective deformation parameters at the 95%, 97.5% and 99.5% confidence intervals. After the statistical testing of the deformation parameters, it was observed that some of the controls were unstable in terms of their computed dilatancy and their total shear strain values. For the differential rotation of the network, the significance levels at the 95%, 97.5% and 99.5% confidence intervals were found to be 1.8743908, 0.9651796 and 0.4338522, respectively, while, on the other hand, the controls or centroids that did not respond to the network rotation had a mean value of approximately -0.99999.The minimal and maximal principal strain levels occurring at Centroids 11 and 36 with their triangulated station identities were found to be (36-12, 30-84, 43-34A) and (34-30A, 34-32A, 34-36A), respectively. The method adopted for this research proved to be very effective for a deformation study and analysis.
Risk of endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats: Nitric oxide in focus
Authors: Jidda M.L. , Bunza J.M. , Dallatu M.K. , Bilbis L.S. , Alhassan A.J. , Gwarzo Muhammad Yelwa , Ngaski A.A. , Chiroma A.F. , Kakako S.L. , Kasimu Maryam , Yale B.M. , Kasimu M. , Haruna S. , Ogunwale K.A. , Bello A. K. , Kwaifa Ibrahim Kalle 
Published: October 2023

Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes manifests in part as reduction of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, which leads to inadequate relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle and a disparity between the vasoconstrictive and vasorelaxant intracellular pathways which favours a rise in vasoconstriction. In this current work, we evaluated serum Nitric oxide (NO) concentration and the activity of Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male and female rats' serum. Our results showed initial and final fasting blood glucose concentration 5.30±0.16mmol/l and 5.24±.015mmol/l versus 5.68±0.18mmol/l and 5.43±0.15mmol/l in male and female controls. Among the diabetic rats, the initial and final fasting blood glucose concentration was 17.50±1.91mmol/l and 15.68±2.84mmol/l versus 20.50±4.76mmol/l and 19.40±4.13mmol/l in male and female rats respectively. NO concentration was 106.12±7.23μmol/l and 131.81±12.54 μmol/l in male and female control rats compared to 52.38±3.01μmol/l and 65.29±16.19 μmol/l in male and female diabetic rats respectively. Serum activity of NOS were 133.72±10.92μIU/l and 156.06±18.22 μIU/l in control male and female rats compared to 98.01±1.48 μIU/l, 78.89±8.39μIU/l in diabetic male and female rats respectively. The difference in both NO concentration and NOS activity was significant between diabetics and non-diabetic rats as well as between male and female diabetics rats (p< 0.05). The endothelial dysfunction in diabetic animals regardless of gender may be an initial pointer to upcoming pathogenesis and we recommend routine evaluation of NO concentration and NOS activities among diabetics.
Serum cardiac troponin I levels in adults with sickle cell disease visiting the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Akpan Richard Peter , Akpan Victoria Oluwabunmi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract significant association between troponin I level in

Recurrent vaso-occlusive crisis and haemolysis normally affect the lifestyle of patients with sickle cell disease. This may occur for a few hours or some weeks, making many of them to require hospital admission and blood transfusion, with inevitable financial implications on care givers. Due to its tissue specificity, cardiac troponin I and T have been claimed to be important in detecting cardiac damage even in the presence of elevated total creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB that can likely occur in exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage. The significance of cardiac assessment in sickle cell patients was emphasized in a previous report which showed that evidence of mortality related to cardiovascular causes was often encountered during autopsy. This study aimed at accessing serum cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) in adult patients with sickle cell disease at University College Hospital, Ibadan. After written consents were obtained, 131 individuals above 18 years were recruited, 95 of which were sickle cell disease subjects and 36 were non-sickle cell disease controls. Mean age was 35.4years±SD=7.54years with age range of 19 to 56years for the sickle celled subjects and 36.8years±SD=9.11years with age range of 19 to 58 years for controls. Male to female ratio was approximately 2:1 for control and 2.4 :1 for sickle cell subjects. A total of 4(4.2%) sickle cell patients had abnormal troponin I level. There was a significant difference in mean troponin I level between sickle cell subjects and control, but there was no significant association between troponin I and haematological parameters of the sickle cell patients. The likelihood of the sickle cell subjects developing crisis is low, but there was no significant association significant association between troponin I level in sickle cell subjects and their haematological parameters, while there was a significant difference in mean troponin I between Sickle cell subjects and non-Sickle cell controls.