bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographic assessment of brachial artery reactivity as a predictor of adverse outcome in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for perforated peritonitis – Prospective observational study
Authors: Ravikumar Rajathadri Hosur , Maitra Souvik , Prasanna Mrudula , Anand Rahul K. , Bansal Virinder K. , Baidya Dalim K. 
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims:
This study aimed to assess if pre- and postoperative parameters of brachial artery reactivity (BAR), like flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and hyperaemic velocity (HV), could predict in-hospital mortality in perforation peritonitis patients undergoing emergency laparotomy.

Methods:
In this prospective observational study, adult patients with perforation peritonitis undergoing emergency laparotomy were recruited. FMD and HV were measured preoperatively, postoperatively and at 24 and 48 h post-surgery. Adult patients undergoing elective laparotomy served as the control group. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Baseline and BAR parameters were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Risk factors for mortality were identified by univariate analysis. Prognostic performances of BAR parameters were assessed by different models using logistic regression. All statistical analyses were performed on STATA version 13 for Mac OS.

Results:
Seventy-six emergency laparotomy patients were recruited, and 26 died during the hospital stay. FMD and HV were comparable at all time points between survivors and non-survivors, except that HV was higher in survivors at 48 h post-surgery (median [interquartile range] 1.28 [1.16–1.49] vs. 1.16 [0.86–1.35], P = 0.010]. HV at 48 h predicted mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval] 21.05 [1.04–422.43], P = 0.046), and a model consisting of age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) score and HV at 48 h was the best predictor of mortality (area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve 0.82).

Conclusion:
HV, as measured by ultrasonography of the brachial artery at 48 h postoperatively, is a good predictor of mortality in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for perforation peritonitis.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in COVID-19– Associated acute respiratory distress syndrome – Outcome and experience in a tertiary care intensive care unit – A retrospective study
Authors: Murthy Pooja R. , C Narendraprasad , Karanth Sunil , Gupta Venkatesha K V , Kumar Ajith A K , Padyana Mahesha 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who fail conventional treatment.

Methods:
A retrospective observational study was designed in patients who underwent ECMO for severe COVID-19 ARDS in a tertiary care centre from September 2020 to July 2021. The primary outcome was to assess factors influencing clinical outcomes and survival to hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes were to assess the clinical profile and pre-ECMO features, ECMO characteristics and complications. Collected data were entered in Excel software and analysed using R software version 4.0.2 (R foundation for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria).

Results:
A total of 19 patients underwent ECMO. Ten patients survived and discharge. Survivors had a longer median (interquartile range [IQR]) duration (days) on ECMO, that is, 25 (7–50), compared to non-survivors, that is, 12 (1–34) (P = 0.133). We also noted that patients who survived had a longer median (IQR) duration (days) of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, that is, 41.5 (30–70), compared to non-survivors, that is, 9 (2–40) (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
In our study, 52.3% of patients survived and discharge, and with ECMO outcomes for COVID-19 ARDS were at par with ECMO outcomes for non-COVID-19 ARDS despite requiring ECMO for longer duration and increased ICU length of stay.
Health-related quality of life and its association with the symptom score and the thyroid function status of patients with primary hypothyroidism on replacement therapy
Authors: Martin Merina , Subramaniyan Rani , Naik Dhukhabandu , Ramamoorthy Lakshmi , Lalthanthuami Hmar T. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
A number of patients with primary hypothyroidism have reduced health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), even with optimum thyroid hormone replacement therapy. This study aimed to assess the HR-QoL of patients with hypothyroidism under replacement therapy and identify its relationship with the symptom score and thyroid function status.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Using a cross-sectional study design, 175 hypothyroid patients under replacement therapy who visited the Endocrinology Outpatient Department of a tertiary care center were selected by convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using a structured data collection tool comprising, HR-QoL Short Form-36 questionnaire, and Zulewski’s clinical score. Inferential statistical analyses were performed using Mann–Whitney U, Kruskal–Wallis, and Karl–Pearson Correlation tests.

RESULTS:
The overall mean quality of life score was 44.22 ± 12.14, with a substantial decline in role functioning because of physical health. A significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) was found between HR-QoL and hypothyroidism symptom score. A significant association was observed between participants’ HR-QoL and their dosage of thyroxine supplement (P < 0.05,) but no association was found with thyroid function status.

CONCLUSION:
There was a substantial reduction in the quality of life of the patients despite being on thyroid replacement therapy and achieving euthyroid status. This underlines the importance of symptom reduction and hormone optimization to enhance the quality of life.
Impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on kidney outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A tertiary center experience
Authors: Tawhari Mohammed H. , Aldahash Raed A. , Almutairi Faisal M. , Albogami Mahdi S. , Rokon Ahmad E. , Alsomali Faisal A. , Alanazi Khaled H. , Alshehri Abdulrahman A. , Almutairi Talal H. , Alharbi Abdulrahman D. , Alghamdi Rayan M. , Tawhari Ibrahim H. , Salih Salih A. Bin 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of chronic hyperglycemia associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Several studies have demonstrated the positive impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on kidney outcomes. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, on kidney outcomes in Saudi patients with type 2 DM.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Study included all Saudi patients with type 2 DM who visited our center from August 1, 2021, to July 31, 2022, and had been on dapagliflozin for at least 3 months. Data was abstracted through chart review for all patients included in the study. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare the results before and after treatment for continuous variables and the McNemar test was used to compare the results for categorical data.

RESULTS:
Study included 184 Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes with a mean age of 61.32 years (SD=9.37). Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day significantly reduced hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) from a mean (SD) of 9.00 to 8.40 (P < 0.001). Among a subgroup of patients with significant proteinuria (n = 83), dapagliflozin significantly reduced ACR from a median of 93.1 to 64.9 mg/g (P = 0.001). Following treatment, the estimated glomerular filtration rate improved from a mean of 69.83 to 71.68 mL/min and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) fell from 90.03 to 89.06 mmHg, both were not statistically significant. Despite a statistically insignificant increase in the episodes of urinary tract infections (UTIs), the hospitalization rate declined. No episodes of amputations or ketoacidosis occurred during the study period.

CONCLUSION:
SGLT2 inhibitors had beneficial effects among Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes by improving diabetic control and lowering proteinuria. Dapagliflozin did not result in significant harm, including UTIs, amputations, and ketoacidosis.
Frequency and risk factors for headache disability: A population-based cross-sectional study in Egypt
Authors: Elsary Asmaa Y. , El-Sherbiny Naglaa A. , Eldessouki Randa 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
A headache is a very common condition that can have a significant impact on one’s quality of life. It is one of the leading causes of years lived with disability worldwide. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of primary headache disability, its characteristics, risk factors and its impact on daily life.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Fayoum governorate. The sample size was 1909 participants. A multistage random sample technique was used to select adults aged above 18 years. A self-structured questionnaire solicited information on sociodemographic characteristics, headache characteristics, and the headache disability index. SPSS v 22.0 was used for data analysis.

RESULTS:
Headaches caused complete disability in 19.5% of the study group, and 76.8% developed severe disability. Participants who reported that they had a headache more than once a week were; 44.5% had moderate pain and 40.2% had more intense pain. About 55% complained of attacks rather than continuous headache and were more likely to have a degree of complete disability, (P = 0.001). A statistically significant association was found between living in urban areas, working in professional occupations, complaining of severe headache in the form of an attack and seeking medical advice, with high scores of headache disability.

CONCLUSION:
Headache is a condition that affects the entire population in a way that causes high levels of disability. Good management is necessary for the reduction of the adverse effects of headaches on the health of the population. This should focus on raising public awareness by means of education and on the provision of basic healthcare.
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Egyptian medical students and how it relates to their academic performance
Authors: Shebl Eman M. , Abu Bakr Elsaid Noha M. , Hassan Hend A. , Kamal Doaa , Araby Eman 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
The neurobehavioral disorder, known as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is characterized by impulsivity, hyperactivity, and a lack of focus. In addition, it is connected to poor academic performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of ADHD and its effect on their academic performance among medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of four medical colleges during December 2021 and April 2022. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire comprising Wender Utah Rating Scale and adult ADHD Self-Report Scale [ASRS]. The link to Google Form survey was distributed to students through academic emails and WhatsApp. Data analyzed using SPSS; Chisquare test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate, were used to determine statistical significance.

RESULTS:
A total of 990 students filled online questionnaire; 54.7% were females.. The estimated prevalence of ADHD in Egyptian medical students was 11%. Students who had childhood ADHD were significantly linked with the present ADHD (r = 0.54, P < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between the ASRS score for ADHD and students’ GPA (r = 0.2, P < 0.001). No statistically significant association was observed between ADHD and sex, type of university, and academic level. of the students.

CONCLUSION:
ADHD is prevalent among medical students. Since most of our students with adult ADHD also had preexisting childhood ADHD, it is crucial that the primary care services, especially school health services, have appropriate standards for the early identification and management of ADHD. Health authorities should conduct a comprehensive health education campaign to raise public awareness of ADHD and its risk factors, the clinical picture, and the burden.
OSMANLI'DAN CUMHURİYET'E TÜRKİYE’DE ÇOCUKLARA YÖNELİK HAYVANCILIK EĞİTİMİ
Authors: EMEK Fatma , DUMAN Doğan 
Published: October 2023

Nüfusunun büyük kısmının hayvancılıkla uğraştığı Osmanlı Devleti’nde siyasi idare, ülkede hayvancılığa yönelik ıslah ve çoğaltıma hız verirken eğitimi bu iş için kullanmış ve hayvancılıkla ilgili bilgiler ilkokuldan itibaren çocuklara aktarılmaya başlanmıştır. Hazırlanan “Malumat-ı Nafia Dürus-ı Eşya” dersinin konusu içerisine hayvancılıkla ilgili konular eklenmiştir. II. Meşrutiyet döneminde ülkede hayvancılığı geliştirmek için eğitim sisteminin yeni baştan inşa edilmesine çalışılmıştır. Siyasi idare daha da ileri giderek 1913 yılında gerçekleşen İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’nin genel kongresinde, cemiyetin programına, vilayetlerin ihtiyaçlarına göre ziraat derslerinin eklenmesine karar vermiştir. Bu dönemde “Malumat-ı Medeniye”, “Dürus-ı Eşya” ve “Ziraat” derslerinde hayvancılıkla alakalı konulara yer verilmiştir.
Cumhuriyet döneminde eğitim müfredatlarında değişime gidilmiştir. Bu dönemde hayvancılığın anlatıldığı “Dürus-ı Eşya” dersinin yerini “Tabiat Tetkiki, Ziraat, Hıfzıssıhha”, sonrasında ise “Hayat Bilgisi” dersi almıştır. Yine cumhuriyet döneminin ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda “Musahabat-ı Ahlakiye ve Malumat-ı Vataniye” dersinde hayvancılıkla alakalı konulara yer verilmiştir. Ortaokullara Hayvancılık, liselere ise “Nebatî ve Hayvanî ve Fizyoloji” dersi eklenmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada Maarif Nezareti’nin onayı ile yayınlanan ders kitaplarındaki hayvancılıkla ilgili konuların içeriğine yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca hayvancılık konusunun dönemlerin eğitim müfredatları ve siyasi olayları içerisinde nasıl ele alındığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bunun için Osmanlı ve cumhuriyet dönemlerinde okutulan ders kitapları, müfredat programları, süreli yayınlar ve ikinci el kaynaklar kullanılmıştır.
A SHORT-LIFE ISLAMIC MAGAZİNE AFTER II. WORLD WAR: DOĞAN GÜNEŞ (1947-1948)
Authors: KIRMIT Ömer Faruk 
Published: October 2023

Islamist magazines have taken on the role of locomotive in the spread of Islamist thought. The subject of the study is the general examination of the "Doğan Güneş" magazine, which is one of the many magazines published between 1946-1950 after the transition to multi-party life in 1946. The aim of the study is to introduce the characteristics of the journal with its basic features. It is to determine which subjects are mentioned and what they bring to the forefront. Doğan Güneş Magazine started its publication life in Istanbul with its first issue on 16 August 1947. A total of 10 issues were published between August 1947 and March 1948. In the journal, the scanning method and the material document analysis technique were used within the framework of the research subject and all the issues of the journal were examined in this way.
Doğan Güneş Magazine lasted a very short time like 7 months, could not introduce itself sufficiently and could not create a unique readership. Political and religious figures were severely criticized in the magazine. As a result of the study, it can be said that the journal has been a role model for the Islamist journals that came after it, in that it boldly wrote about the issues it dealt with without hesitation during the period of its publication.
CUMHURİYETÇİ GÜVEN PARTİSİ’NİN YAYIN ORGANI OLAN ATAYOLU DERGİSİ ÜZERİNDEN TURHAN FEYZİOĞLU’NUN ATATÜRKÇÜLÜĞÜNÜN ANALİZİ
Authors: KARADOĞAN Umut C. 
Published: October 2023

Dünyada başlayan bağımsızlık savaşlarının neticesinde kazanan ve kaybeden devletler olmuş, yeni düşünce sistemleri, ideolojiler doğmuştur. Söz konusu büyük savaşı veren milletlerden olan Türkler, yenilgiyi kabullenmeyerek mücadelelerine kaldıkları yerden devam etmiş ve cephede kazandıkları başarının bir benzerini masa başında da elde ederek yeni, millî ve üniter bir devletin temellerini atmışlardır. İşte bu mücadelenin liderliğini yapan Mustafa Kemal Paşa; kurulan devletin çağdaş dünya devletlerinde olduğu biçimde ilerlemesini, payidar kalmasını temin edebilmek maksadıyla birtakım siyasi, sosyal, kültürel, iktisadi girişimlerde bulunmuş ve bir Türk inkılabının başlangıcını gerçekleştirmiştir. Türk toplumunda da karşılık bulan bu uygulamaların ve düşünce sisteminin adlandırılması ise hareketin önderinin adıyla yapılmıştır. Bu çok yönlü bir düşünce sistemi kimileri tarafından ideoloji, kimileri tarafından düşünce sistemi, kimileri tarafından düstur olarak nitelendirilse de Cumhuriyet’in ilanının ardından ülke yönetiminin ve siyasetinin işlerliğinin ana maddesi olmuştur. 1930-1935 yılları arasında tanımlaması, sınırları, kaideleri tartışılmış, totaliter, dogmatik, demokratik, pragmatik mi olduğu tartışılmıştır.
Yaptığımız araştırmamızdaki amacımız ise Turhan Feyzioğlu’nun kurduğu siyasi partinin yayın organı olan Atayolu dergisi üzerinden kendisinin algıladığı Kemalizm’in analizini yapabilmek ve dönem itibari ile oluşan diğer Kemalizm algılarını ifade etmeye çalışarak, “Kemalizm Düşüncesi” nin varlığını, dününü, bugününü tartışarak, sorunlarının çözümünde etkin bir yapı olup olmadığının tespitini yapabilmektir. Bu sebeple, “Türk İnkılabının fikri temellerini oluşturan Atatürkçülük, Mustafa Kemal Paşanın uygulamaları, söylemleri temel alınarak bütün şekilde değerlendirilmiştir.
Analysis of Power Output During the Countermovement and Split-Squat Jump Across Loads and High-Volume Repetitions in Elite Athletes
Authors: McCurdy Kevin , John Walker  , William Blaser  
Published: October 2023

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the rate of peak power (PP) loss during the countermovement jump (CMJ) and split-squat jump (SSJ) across various loads within a set of high repetitions. Eleven collegiate track and field athletes who had several years of resistance training experience and were trained in the two types of jumps completed the study. The participants completed a familiarization session and 2 data collection sessions. The CMJ and SSJ were completed in random order during session 1 and 2 separated by a minimum of 72 hours. Three loads using dumbbells took place in random order with each session including body weight only (BW0), body weight plus 15% (BW15) and body weight plus 30% BW(30) for the SSJ and BW(0), BW(25), and BW(50) for the CMJ. PP was determined using the PUSH 2.0 3D accelerometer worn at the waist, which was connected to an ipad app using Bluetooth. The participants completed 14 repetitions each set with 8 min rest between sets. Repetition 3 demonstrated the highest mean PP (PPmax) within the set. No significant decrease in PP was observed until repetition 6 (3.6% below PPmax) during the SSJ and repetition 8 (5.2% below PPmax) during the CMJ. These data indicate that 5 or less repetitions should be completed during the CMJ and 7 or less for the SSJ when training for PP. Using 10% reduction in PP as an effective level to train for power endurance, we recommend completing a minimum of 12 repetitions during the CMJ and a minimum of 10 repetitions for the SSJ.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENGATASI PROBLEMATIKA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI SMP 5 SINJAI
Authors: Suriyati Suriyati , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Judrah Muh. , Agustina Agustina , Wahdania Wahdania 
Published: October 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan memahami serta mengetahui bagaimana peran guru dalam mencegah terjadinya permasalahan pada pendidikan Islam. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan ini bertempat di suatu sekolah yang ada di kabupaten Sinjai yakni SMP 5 Sinjai. Adapun metode penelitian yang diterapkan yaitu metode kualitatif. Sehingga pada penelitian ini melaksanakan penelitian lapangan. Artinya, dilaksanakan dengan mencari maupun mengumpulkan informasi secara langsung melalui beberapa data yang diterima. Bahkan proses pengumpulan informasi dalam penelitian memanfaatkan sebuah metode observasi maupun metode wawancara. Selain itu, peneliti juga menganalisis artikel-artikel ilmiah untuk dijadikan sebagai referensi yang bisa mendukung hasil penelitian. Setiap artikel maupun jurnal yang di citasi dapat berasal dari Mendeley ataupun Google Scholar. Untuk hasil dari penelitian mengenai peran guru untuk bisa mengatasi problematika pendidikan Islam, dengan melalui proses wawancara dan observasi maka peneliti dapat memahami bahwa peran guru sangat penting dan sangat mudah apabila kita bisa mengaplikasikan pendidikan Islam lebih baik serta terarah. Maka dari itu, guru seharusnya bisa mengembangkan kemampuannya dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran serta memberikan pengajaran yang kreatif dan menarik sehingga siswa bisa memahami setiap pembelajaran yang diterapkan oleh pendidik. Bahkan diharapkan bisa membuat pendidikan Islam kembali kepada kodratnya dengan tidak menghilangkan aspek penting lainnya supaya bisa meningkatkan pendidikan.
Exploring Perspectives and Reform Dynamics
Authors: Melliti Mimoun , Benamara Imen 
Published: October 2023

In this study, our objective was to delve into the perspectives of Tunisian public elementary school English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers regarding the merits of introducing English at a younger age. We sought to test the hypothesis that an early start in English language instruction, following the "the younger the better" notion (Lenneberg, 1967; Penfield, 1959), would yield positive outcomes. To accomplish this, we collected data through a quantitative approach, involving a sample of 30 teachers, and conducted interviews with five English language inspectors representing different regions of Tunis.
The analysis of the data revealed that a significant number of teachers in the observed Tunisian elementary schools acknowledged the importance of initiating English education at an earlier stage, recognizing the pivotal role English plays in the curriculum, and acknowledging children's remarkable enthusiasm for foreign language learning. However, despite this recognition, the Ministry of Education has not taken substantial steps towards implementing changes in the educational system.
The findings of this study underscore the significance of English language instruction in Tunisian schools, and both educators and policymakers concur that lowering the age at which English is introduced offers distinct advantages to young second language learners by increasing their exposure to the language. The growing prominence of English education in public schools indicates its potential influence on future educational enhancements in Tunisian public schools.