bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal prenatal paracetamol ingestion and scholastic attainments of the offspring
Authors: Golding Jean , Tunstall Holly , Gregory Steven , lies-Gaven Yasmin 
Published: December 2023

Background: Fetal exposure to paracetamol (acetaminophen) has been shown to be associated with asthma and other atopic disorders, as well as behavioural problems including hyperactivity, in childhood. However, there is little information on scholastic abilities among children exposed to paracetamol in pregnancy.Objectives: To determine whether there are any differences in scholastic abilities among the offspring of women who ingested paracetamol during pregnancy compared with non-exposed children.Methods: Mothers enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) had recorded the frequency with which they had taken the medication over two time periods during pregnancy: i) the first 18 weeks and ii) 18–32 weeks. The offspring have been followed up ever since. For this study we use as outcomes: a) 14 tests of ability at reading and 2 of spelling using the study’s tests and the national education system test results; b) 6 of mathematical abilities including tests of arithmetic and mathematical reasoning, and c) 1 of scientific understanding. Multiple regression was used, adjusting for 15 different exposures including reasons for taking the medication as well as demographic features.Results: Almost all unadjusted and adjusted mean differences were negative (i.e., those exposed to maternal intake of paracetamol did less well), but negative associations for exposures between 18 and 32 weeks of gestation were much more evident than for exposures earlier in pregnancy. Of the later exposures, after adjustment, 12 of the 23 scholastic tests were associated with prenatal exposure to paracetamol at p &lt; 0.05. These negative effects were found in the girls (12 tests at p &lt; 0.05) but not boys (0 tests at p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Evidence from this longitudinal study suggests that maternal exposure to paracetamol is associated with disadvantages to the offspring in scholastic abilities such as mathematics and reading at secondary school ages. This raises the question as to whether there are longer-lasting effects on educational attainment from age 15 years onwards, including at university level. Clearly these results should be tested in other settings, but meanwhile they add to a growing accumulation of known adverse effects of exposure to paracetamol in pregnancy.
Long-acting dolutegravir formulations prevent neurodevelopmental impairments in a mouse model
Authors: Foster Emma G. , Sillman Brady , Liu Yutong , Summerlin Micah , Kumar Vikas , Sajja Balasrinivasa R. , Cassidy Adam R. , Edagwa Benson , Gendelman Howard E. , Bade Aditya N. 
Published: December 2023

The World Health Organization has recommended dolutegravir (DTG) as a preferred first-line treatment for treatment naive and experienced people living with human immunodeficiency virus type one (PLWHIV). Based on these recommendations 15 million PLWHIV worldwide are expected to be treated with DTG regimens on or before 2025. This includes pregnant women. Current widespread use of DTG is linked to the drug’s high potency, barrier to resistance, and cost-effectiveness. Despite such benefits, potential risks of DTG-linked fetal neurodevelopmental toxicity remain a concern. To this end, novel formulation strategies are urgently needed in order to maximize DTG’s therapeutic potentials while limiting adverse events. In regard to potential maternal fetal toxicities, we hypothesized that injectable long-acting nanoformulated DTG (NDTG) could provide improved safety by reducing drug fetal exposures compared to orally administered native drug. To test this notion, we treated pregnant C3H/HeJ mice with daily oral native DTG at a human equivalent dosage (5 mg/kg; n = 6) or vehicle (control; n = 8). These were compared against pregnant mice injected with intramuscular (IM) NDTG formulations given at 45 (n = 3) or 25 (n = 4) mg/kg at one or two doses, respectively. Treatment began at gestation day (GD) 0.5. Magnetic resonance imaging scanning of live dams at GD 17.5 was performed to obtain T1 maps of the embryo brain to assess T1 relaxation times of drug-induced oxidative stress. Significantly lower T1 values were noted in daily oral native DTG-treated mice, whereas comparative T1 values were noted between control and NDTG-treated mice. This data reflected prevention of DTG-induced oxidative stress when delivered as NDTG. Proteomic profiling of embryo brain tissues harvested at GD 17.5 demonstrated reductions in oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairments, and amelioration of impaired neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in NDTG-treated mice. Pharmacokinetic (PK) tests determined that both daily oral native DTG and parenteral NDTG achieved clinically equivalent therapeutic plasma DTG levels in dams (4,000–6,500 ng/mL). Importantly, NDTG led to five-fold lower DTG concentrations in embryo brain tissues compared to daily oral administration. Altogether, our preliminary work suggests that long-acting drug delivery can limit DTG-linked neurodevelopmental deficits.
Trends in antipsychotic use among children and adolescents in Germany: a study using 2011–2020 nationwide outpatient claims data
Authors: Dörks Michael , Bachmann Christian J. , Below Maike , Hoffmann Falk , Paschke Lena M. , Scholle Oliver 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionWe aimed to provide an update on trends in antipsychotic (AP) use among children and adolescents in Germany.Materials and methodsBased on nationwide outpatient claims data from Germany, we conducted a cross-sectional study. For each year from 2011 to 2020, we determined the prevalence of AP use, defined as the proportion of children and adolescents with at least one AP dispensation. We evaluated trends in AP use by age, sex, and AP class (typical vs. atypical). Additionally, we assessed trends in the specialty of AP prescribers and the frequency of psychiatric diagnoses among AP users.ResultsOverall, data from more than 12 million children and adolescents were included for each calendar year (2011: 12,488,827; 2020: 13,330,836). From 2011 to 2020, the overall prevalence of pediatric AP use increased from 3.16 to 3.65 per 1,000, due to an increase in use of both typical APs (from 1.16 to 1.35 per 1,000) and atypical APs (from 2.35 to 2.75 per 1,000). The largest increase in AP use was found among 15- to 19-year-old females, with an increase from 3.88 per 1,000 in 2011 to 7.86 per 1,000 in 2020 (+103%), mainly due to rising quetiapine use (from 1.17 to 3.46 per 1,000). Regarding prescribers’ specialty, the proportion of APs prescribed by child and adolescent psychiatrists increased during the studied period (2011: 24.8%; 2020: 36.4%), whereas prescriptions by pediatricians (2011: 26.0%; 2020: 19.9%) and general practitioners (2011: 18.0%; 2020: 12.4%) decreased. Risperidone was the most commonly used AP in males, and quetiapine was the leading AP in females, each with the highest prevalence in 15- to 19-year-olds. In male risperidone users in this age group, the most frequent diagnosis was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (50.4%), while in female quetiapine users it was depression (82.0%).DiscussionUse of APs among children and adolescents in Germany has continued to increase over the last decade. The sharp increase in AP use among 15- to 19-year-old females, which is largely due to an increased use of quetiapine, is remarkable. Potential reasons for this increase—e.g., limited access to psychosocial treatments—should be carefully analyzed. Also, the introduction of more restrictive prescribing guidelines might be considered.
An empirical study on the effect of outdoor illumination and exercise intervention on Children’s vision
Authors: Liao Shuaixiong , Li Xueying , Bai Nan , Wu Danping , Yang Wenliang , Wang Feng , Ji Hao Zong 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between outdoor lighting and sports and the development of myopia, and to analyze the effects of outdoor lighting and exercise on the diopter of children with normal vision and myopia, so as to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of myopia in children and adolescents in the future.MethodsA total of 201 children were divided into two groups according to myopia or not. Each group was randomly divided into 4 groups: outdoor exercise group, outdoor control group, indoor exercise group and indoor control group. Among them, the outdoor exercise group and indoor exercise group received moderate and high intensity aerobic exercise 3 times a week for 60 min each time for 12 months, while the outdoor control group and indoor control group had normal study and life during the corresponding period of time. No additional exercise intervention. At the end of the experiment, the diopter of each group was compared.ResultsThe diopter of all groups with normal vision and myopia decreased significantly after the experiment (p &lt; 0.01). There were significant differences in diopter between outdoor exercise group and indoor control group (p &lt; 0.01), between outdoor exercise group and indoor control group (p &lt; 0.05), and between indoor exercise group and indoor control group (p &lt; 0.01). There were significant differences in diopter between indoor exercise group and indoor control group (p &lt; 0.01). The differences among myopic children after the experiment showed that there was significant difference in diopter between outdoor exercise group and indoor exercise group (p &lt; 0.05), between outdoor exercise group and indoor control group (p &lt; 0.01), and between outdoor control group and indoor control group (p &lt; 0.05). There were significant differences in the changes of diopter between the outdoor control group and the indoor exercise group with normal vision and myopia before and after the experiment (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOutdoor light and exercise intervention can have a beneficial effect on children’s vision, but because of whether children are myopic or not, the effect is different, outdoor light and exercise have a better effect on reducing the diopter of children with normal vision.
Long-term complications after tonsil surgery: an analysis of 54,462 patients from the Swedish Quality Register for Tonsil Surgery
Authors: Odhagen Erik , Alm Fredrik , Axelsson Sara , Hemlin Claes , Nerfeldt Pia , Stalfors Joacim , Sunnergren Ola 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate long-term complications after tonsil surgery using an exploratory retrospective cohort study design based on data from the Swedish Quality Register for Tonsil Surgery (SQTS).MethodsAll patients registered in the SQTS between 1 January 2009 and 31 May 2021 were eligible for the study. In this study, a long-term complication is defined as any complication persisting for a minimum of 6 months after surgery. The definition of a complication was based on individual patient reports, provided in a free text format, of any remaining issues 6 months after tonsil surgery. Complications were categorized as follows: disturbed taste or sense of smell, dysphagia, miscellaneous and general symptoms and signs, miscellaneous throat problems, pain or discomfort in the mouth or throat, problems with jaws or teeth, problems with the ears or hearing, problems with the nose or sinuses, problems with throat secretions or throat clearing, problems with voice or speech, and sensory symptoms. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of long-term complications.ResultsIn total, 54,462 patients were included in the study. A total of 3,780 patients (6.9%) reported one or more long-term complications. The most frequent long-term complications, with a plausible connection to the surgery, were found in the following categories: pain or discomfort in the mouth or throat (1.9%), problems with throat secretions or throat clearing (0.8%), dysphagia (0.6%), and problems with voice or speech (0.6%). Tonsillotomy was associated with a lower risk of long-term complications than tonsillectomy.ConclusionThis study suggests that subjective long-term complications after tonsil surgery, in general, are relatively common (6.9%). However, complications with a plausible connection to the surgery were less common (4.0%), and specific complications seemed to be relatively rare, with no single specific problem reaching a prevalence of ≥0.6%.
Fundamentos da Educação Ambiental e as relações com as mudanças climáticas
Authors: Carniatto Irene , Nascimento Lorivaldo do , Brandalize Marisete dos Santos , Amaral Tiago 
Published: December 2023

A Educação Ambiental destaca-se como elemento base na construção de uma sociedade resiliente no enfrentamento das mudanças climáticas e catástrofes ambientais em curso. Trata-se de um processo educativo, formal ou não formal, articulado e comprometido com a sustentabilidade e a cooperação de todos, privilegiando o diálogo e a interdisciplinaridade entre diversas áreas do conhecimento, fomentando uma visão mais abrangente e integrada dos problemas ambientais e sociais que se deve enfrentar. Nesse contexto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental com o objetivo de analisar o papel da Educação Ambiental diante dos desafios das mudanças climáticas, com foco no contexto histórico da Educação Ambiental ao nível mundial e no Brasil, além de analisá-la dentro dos projetos pedagógicos no ensino básico e superior no estado do Paraná. Embora presente nos currículos, percebe-se que não há profundidade e continuidade no processo educacional que acompanhe a urgência e demanda dos problemas ambientais.
Palavras-chave: Catástrofes ambientais. Currículo. Ecologia. Resiliência Climática. Sustentabilidade.
Avaliações externas: validação do neoliberalismo sob a égide do estado nas políticas públicas educacionais
Authors: Campos Antônia Arruda , Maia Marcia Superti , Oliveira Luiz Antonio de , Maia Jorge Sobral da Silva 
Published: December 2023

RESUMO

A educação no Brasil nas últimas décadas suscita questionamentos acerca da formulação de políticas públicas educacionais, especialmente no que se refere ao papel do Estado em satisfazer as demandas do mercado e à utilização dos indicadores e regulamentações oriundos de avaliações externas, que parecem não refletir a realidade educacional do país. Nesse contexto, emerge como objetivo problematizar a relação das ações do Estado como agente de produção de hegemonia com base em dados obtidos nas avaliações de larga escala para as demandas de formulação das políticas públicas embasadas em princípios neoliberais. Adotamos do ponto de vista metodológico a pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica. Os resultados revelaram um processo de avaliação caracterizado pela intervenção estatal na definição de metas a serem alcançadas, muitas vezes sob a influência de políticas internacionais, sem que se leve em consideração as necessidades e particularidades das instituições de ensino. Tal abordagem demonstra a necessidade de uma análise crítica e contextualizada das políticas educacionais no Brasil, com ênfase na busca por um sistema que atenda às demandas e características singulares de nosso contexto educacional.
Palavras-chave: Educação Básica. Estado Avaliador. Princípios Neoliberais. Hegemonia.
A integração curricular como forma de introdução à interdisciplinaridade
Authors: Bordignon Fabricio Trevisol , Filho Alcides Goularti 
Published: December 2023

Este artigo, em uma primeira abordagem, buscou esclarecer o que vem a ser a interdisciplinaridade, tendo por base os ensinamentos de Japiassú, que foi o precursor da introdução do tema no Brasil, e grande defensor da integração disciplinar em busca de novos conceitos e conhecimentos.De outro norte, abordou-se a dificuldade da aplicação da pratica interdisciplinar em razão das fortes resistências apresentadas, por um padrão ciumento e bem definido de demarcação de propriedades de ilhas do conhecimento.
Por fim, foi abordado como a interdisciplinaridade poderia ser introduzida por meio de integração curricular, deixando claro que as mesmas não são sinônimas.No mais, para a elaboração deste artigo, foi elaborada uma pesquisa bibliográfica a fim de elucidar melhor o que vem a ser interdisciplinaridade, por meio do estudo do seu conceito e o modo da sua aplicação no ensino e na pesquisa.
Le récit de voyage des Shelley : entre émerveillement et familiarité
Authors: Desset Fabien 
Published: December 2023

« Le Récit de voyage des Shelley », poètes et romanciers romantiques anglais du début du XIXème siècle ayant entrepris plusieurs voyages sur le Continent (1814, 1816 puis 1818), montre que le dépaysement de Percy Bysshe et Mary implique une tension entre émerveillement et fantasme d’une part, et familiarité et retour sur terre (britannique) d’autre part. Cela se voit d’abord dans le lexique de l’émerveillement et du sublime, prémâché par le discours touristique ayant goûté à Edmund Burke ; dans l’exagération dans les deux sens, embellissement ou dégoût total, les Shelley ayant aussi un lecteur à l’esprit, le destinataire de leurs lettres, Thomas Love Peacock notamment, et le lectorat de leur ouvrage, History of a Six Weeks’ Tour (1817) ; dans le tourisme littéraire qui calque sur un paysage étranger des écrits célèbres et donc connus, à la manière des nombreuses éditions de A Classical Tour through Italy (1813) de John Chetwood Eustace et, dans le même ordre d’idées, dans le fantasme hellénisant de l’Italie moderne ; enfin, dans la résurgence de l’Angleterre au sein de descriptions de lieux étrangers. Quel est alors le véritable dépaysement, s’il y a toujours retour sur soi, sur sa culture et ses attentes ? Loin de remettre en cause la valeur poétique des descriptions de lieux étrangers faisant intervenir les fantasmes de leur auteur, puisque le romantisme se doit avant tout d’exprimer ce qu’il ressent de la manière la plus spontanée et authentique qui soit, cet article tente de voir, finalement, quelle place l’Autre a dans les écrits périégétiques du couple Shelley.
La poésie de Guillermo Carnero, un dépaysement vers soi
Authors: Guillaume Catherine 
Published: December 2023

Dire le dedans depuis le dehors, explorer réflexivement le procès d’écriture tout en exprimant langagièrement l’intime d’une relation au monde bouleversée et bouleversante, telle est le chant de la poésie de Guillermo Carnero, l’un des plus grands poètes espagnols actuels, né à Valence en 1947, dont l’œuvre a été récompensée par de nombreux prix nationaux et internationaux. Cette poésie hybride, où s’articulent l’émotion à l’œuvre et la réflexion métapoétique, explore en une errance féconde les univers référentiels convoqués par l’auteur, qui n’établit pas de frontière entre les réalités, qu’elles soient quotidiennes ou artistiques : c’est ainsi que le poète renouvelle incessamment pour lui-même et pour son lecteur les visages du dépaysement. Remettant à chaque fois en scène la nécessaire distance propice à l’épiphanie d’un dépaysement ontologique, le poète établit de fait au fil de son œuvre spiralaire une relation dialogique entre son écriture et les beaux-arts européens, la France, l’Italie, nombre de personnages réels ou imaginaires, de symboles universels tels que l’eau et le jardin –, qui deviennent alors autant de doubles émotionnels et intellectuels, d’acteurs de la distance, qui participent de l’arborescence kaléidoscopique de son complexe rapport au monde. C’est au sein de cette errance dialogique concrétisée en un procès langagier sans cesse renouvelé que se trouve « embarqué » le lecteur qui, tout autant que le poète mais dans une temporalité dissociée qui participe elle aussi du dépaysement, explore alors son propre rapport au monde, opérant une réception signifiante du poème, dont la plurivocité et l’imbrication référentielle empêchent toute fixation univoque d’un sens figé, grâce à ce dépaysement, au déport de la culture vers soi et de soi vers le monde, dans l’omniprésence d’un regard en tension. C’est ce partage avec le lecteur que ce militant de la culture qu’est le poète Guillermo Carnero fait vivre dans cette œuvre immensément riche et ondoyante.
Dépayser le dépaysement dans Monkey Beach d’Eden Robinson (2000)
Authors: Letessier Anne-Sophie 
Published: December 2023

A bien des égards, le dépaysement est au cœur de la réflexion menée par les auteurs canadiens. Le déplacement, lorsqu’il met à mal les codes esthétiques et culturels, ouvre la possibilité d’un renouvellement et d’une reformulation du lien à l’espace, mais peut aussi générer en retour un geste compensatoire qui, par le biais de l’exotisme, désamorce d’emblée ce que l’autre a d’extérieur et d’inattendu. Cet exotisme est d’autant plus suspect lorsqu’il met en jeu les croyances et pratiques environnementales des Premières Nations. C’est à ce tourisme littéraire en quête d’exotisme ethnographique que cherche à se soustraire Monkey Beach d’Eden Robinson, roman sur le passage à l’âge adulte au sein de la communauté Haisla. En refusant de reconduire le fantasme de l’« Indien écologique », le roman interroge sa propre réception par un lecteur non autochtone, notamment la représentation qu’il donne d’une relation à l’environnement qui ne se pense pas et ne se vit pas sous la forme d’un paysage. Le dépaysement comme effet de texte ne relève toutefois pas d’une logique de la différence dont la finalité est d’identifier. La présente étude propose d’y voir une « figure […] de dérangement », pour reprendre les mots de François Jullien. Qu’il s’agisse de la figure familière de l’intermédiaire autochtone ou des indices d’une cosmologie traditionnelle, Robinson s’attache à déstabiliser ce que le lecteur non autochtone croit savoir des croyances et des pratiques haisla. L’apprentissage politique et environnemental de la narratrice, qui œuvre à dé‑paysager les descriptions du monde naturel, est ainsi placé sous le signe de la retenue et de la réticence. En effet, si le roman propose une réflexion sur la « tenue » et la « pertinence » qu’implique l’appartenance au pays haisla, il se garde d’en figer et d’en circonscrire le sens.
Morphological characteristics of dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus 1758 landed in Kalinaun Village, East of Likupang District, North Sulawesi
Authors: Mantiri Nicola R. K. , Tilaar Ferdinand F. , Pratasik Silvester B. , Sinjal Henky , Lohoo Anneke V. , Rondonuwu Ari B. 
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to determine the size group of fish caught, compare the morphometric characteristics between sexes, and describe the meristic characteristics of the dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus. This study used a descriptive method. The morphometric characteristics were measured using a ruler and tape at the accuracy of 1 mm and 5 m, respectively, while the meristic characteristics were obtained by counting the number of spines. This study found a total of 57 individuals of the dolphinfish that had a size range of 48–89 cm, the male from 48 to 95 cm, and the females from 49 to 84 cm, respectively. Four morphometric parameters of male and 2 parameters of female dolphinfish could be used to predict the total length. The dolphinfish also had 59 dorsal soft rays, 25 soft pelvic rays, 22 soft pectoral rays, 26 soft anal rays, and 48 hard caudal rays.
Keywords: descriptive, morphometric, meristic, size.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelompok ukuran ikan yang tertangkap, membandingkan karakteristik morfometrik antar jenis kelamin, dan mendeskripsikan karakteristik meristik ikan Lemadang Coryphaena hippurus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Karakteristik morfometrik diukur menggunakan penggaris dan meteran dengan ketelitian masing-masing 1 mm dan 5 m, sedangkan perhitungan meristik dilakukan dengan cara menghitung jari-jari sirip. Penelitian ini menemukan sebanyak 57 individu ikan Lemadang yang memiliki kisaran ukuran 48-89 cm, jantan 48-95 cm, dan betina berkisar 49-84 cm. Empat parameter morfometrik ikan Lemadang jantan dan 2 parameter ikan lemadang betina dapat digunakan untuk menduga panjang total. Ikan Lemadang juga memiliki 59 jari-jari lemah sirip punggung, 25 jari-jari lemah sirip perut, 22 jari-jari lemah sirip dada, 26 jari-jari lemah sirip dubur, dan 48 jari-jari keras sirip ekor.
Kata kunci: deskriptif, morfometrik, meristik, ukuran.