bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seamless EMR data access: Integrated governance, digital health and the OMOP-CDM
Authors: Hallinan Christine Mary , Ward Roger , Hart Graeme K , Sullivan Clair , Pratt Nicole , Ng Ashley P , Capurro Daniel , Van Der Vegt Anton , Liaw Siaw-Teng , Daly Oliver , Luxan Blanca Gallego , Bunker David , Boyle Douglas 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesIn this overview, we describe theObservational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model (OMOP-CDM), the established governance processes employed in EMR data repositories, and demonstrate how OMOP transformed data provides a lever for more efficient and secure access to electronic medical record (EMR) data by health service providers and researchers.MethodsThrough pseudonymisation and common data quality assessments, the OMOP-CDM provides a robust framework for converting complex EMR data into a standardised format. This allows for the creation of shared end-to-end analysis packages without the need for direct data exchange, thereby enhancing data security and privacy. By securely sharing de-identified and aggregated data and conducting analyses across multiple OMOP-converted databases, patient-level data is securely firewalled within its respective local site.ResultsBy simplifying data management processes and governance, and through the promotion of interoperability, the OMOP-CDM supports a wide range of clinical, epidemiological, and translational research projects, as well as health service operational reporting.DiscussionAdoption of the OMOP-CDM internationally and locally enables conversion of vast amounts of complex, and heterogeneous EMR data into a standardised structured data model, simplifies governance processes, and facilitates rapid repeatable cross-institution analysis through shared end-to-end analysis packages, without the sharing of data.ConclusionThe adoption of the OMOP-CDM has the potential to transform health data analytics by providing a common platform for analysing EMR data across diverse healthcare settings.
Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic in paediatric post-discharge care
Authors: Mullan Kathryn , Davey Nicola , Oketah Ngozi 
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic dictated rapid reform in outpatient paediatric services. To reduce ward footfall and its associated infection risk, a trainee-led outpatient clinic was established with the aim to provide children with continuity of care following discharge from hospital. The service was created as a safe alternative to the long-standing practice of ward attenders while reducing mounting pressures on appointments at consultant-led clinics. Several issues arose in its implementation. A retrospective analysis with insights from service users found significant communication issues at various stages in referral, booking and follow-up management. This project aimed to reduce clinic non-attendance rates and ensure timely outpatient review with effective communication to all parties.Quality improvement methods allowed the problem to be understood and defined. Through consultation with service users in the start-up phase of the project, four key criteria were determined as essential for improving communication: indication, lead consultant, patient attendance and outcome letter provision. The project aimed to achieve 100% compliance across the four criteria during the 6-month project period. A baseline measure was established and measurements collected while five interventions were tested using plan–do–study–act test cycles.Following the small-scale tests, the run chart illustrated process improvement leading to meaningful change in outcome at both patient and service level. During the project, performance increased from a baseline median of one to a minimum of three out of four criteria being met for every patient. Several patients and families had a change in management as a direct result of their timely review and communication of clinic outcomes. These interventions resulted in a 50% reduction in the clinic’s did not attend rate.The initial pandemic response to facilitate post-discharge care for children and young people led to frustrations surrounding communication breakdown among service users. Targeted interventions led to the development of a safer, more efficient service. Ongoing feedback continues to guide strategies for change with future work in service development focusing on capturing patient experience and improving patient-centred outcomes.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease trajectory: severe exacerbations and dynamic change in health-related quality of life
Authors: Tsai Sheng-Han , Hung Jo-Ying , Su Pei-Fang , Hsu Chih-Hui , Yu Chun-Hsiang , Liao Xin-Min , Wang Jung-Der , Hsiue Tzuen-Ren , Chen Chiung-Zuei 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundThe life trajectory of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unknown.Patients and methodsWe collected data from two populations. In the first cohort, we recruited 375 patients with COPD from our hospital, and 1440 repeated assessments of quality of life (QoL) using the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions questionnaire from 2006 to 2020. We analysed their dynamic changes using the kernel-smoothing method. The second cohort comprised 27 437 patients from the National Health Insurance (NHI) dataset with their first severe acute exacerbations (AEs) requiring hospitalisation from 2008 to 2017 were analysed for their long-term course of AEs. We employed a Cox hazard model to analyse the predictors for mortality or AEs.ResultsCohorts from our hospital and NHI were male predominant (93.6 and 83.5%, respectively). After the first severe AE, the course generally comprised three phases. The first was a 1-year period of elevated QoL, followed by a 2-year prolonged stable phase with a slowly declining QoL. After the second AE, the final phase was characterised by a rapid decline in QoL. For NHI cohort, 2712 died during the 11-year follow-up, the frequency of the first AE was approximately 5 per 10 000 per day. The median time from the first to the second AE was 3 years, which decreased to less than 6 and 3 months from 4th to 5th and 8th to 9th AE, respectively. The frequency of AE was increased 10-fold and 15-fold and risk of subsequent AE was increased 12-fold and 20-fold after the 6th and the 10th AE, relative to the first. Male gender, heart failure comorbidities were associated with the risk of subsequent AE and death.ConclusionsThe life trajectory of COPD includes the accelerated frailty phase, as well as elevated health and prolonged stable phase after the first AE.
Relationship between hamstrings–quadriceps strength ratio and the performance of tasks in Berg’s Balance Scale among stroke survivors in Abakaliki, Nigeria
Authors: Asouzu Nonso Christian , Mong Emeka , Agha Maximin , Asouzu Nwabumma Cynthia , Anekwu Emelie Moris , John Davidson Okwudili , Okoye Emmanuel Chiebuka , Ibeneme Sam Chidi 
Published: February 2024

AimThe study was designed to establish the relationship between hamstrings–quadriceps (H–Q) strength ratio and the performance of tasks in Berg’s Balance Scale among stroke survivors.MethodTwenty-five stroke survivors participated in the study. The hamstrings and quadriceps muscle strengths of both the paretic and non-paretic sides were determined at 60° knee flexion with an electronic tensiometer. The participants undertook the tasks in Berg’s Balance Scale.ResultsThe moment of correlation between the paretic H–Q strength ratio and the total score of the Berg’s Balance Scale was 0.630, while the non-paretic was −0.144. Tasks such as standing unsupported (0.360), sitting unsupported (0.348) and standing with eyes closed (0.262) showed a weak correlation with the paretic H–Q strength ratio. Sitting to standing (0.469), standing to sitting (0.405), transfers (0.470), standing with feet together (0.565), retrieving an object from the floor (0.544), turning to look behind (0.400), turning 360° (0.589) and one leg stance (0.649) showed moderate correlation with the paretic H–Q strength ratio; while reaching forward (0.768), placing alternate foot on stool (0.710) and tandem standing (0.744) showed strong correlation with the paretic H–Q strength ratio.ConclusionThe study concluded that the H–Q strength ratios of the paretic limbs of stroke survivors showed significant relationships with the performance of tasks in Berg’s Balance Scale. It is recommended that the H–Q strength ratio is considered as a clinical measurement tool in the balance rehabilitation of stroke survivors.
Cardiovascular toxicities associated with bispecific T-cell engager therapy
Authors: Sayed Ahmed , Munir Malak , Ghazi Sanam M , Ferdousi Mussammat , Krishan Satyam , Shaaban Adnan , Habib Alma , Kola-Kehinde Onaopepo , Ruz Patrick , Khan Sarah , Sharma Sneha , Meara Alexa , Mahmood Syed , Feldman Stephanie , Yang Eric H , Kim Jiwon , Epperla Narendranath , Addison Daniel 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundBispecific T-cell engagers (BTEs) are novel agents used to treat hematological malignancies. Early trials were underpowered to define cardiovascular adverse events (CVAE) and no large-scale studies systematically examined the CVAEs associated with BTEs.MethodsLeveraging the US Food and Drug Administration’s Adverse Event Reporting System-(FAERS), we identified the relative frequency of CVAEs after initiation of five BTE products approved by the Food and Drug Administration between 2014 and 2023 for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Adjusted reporting ORs (aROR) were used to identify disproportionate reporting of CVAEs with BTEs compared with background rates in the database. Fatality rates and risk ratios (RRs) for each adverse event (AE) were calculated.ResultsFrom 3668 BTE-related cases reported to FAERS, 747 (20.4%) involved CVAEs. BTEs as a class were associated with fatal CVAEs (aROR 1.29 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.50)), an association mainly driven by teclistamab (aROR 2.44 (95% CI 1.65 to 3.60)). Teclistamab was also associated with a disproportionate risk of myocarditis (aROR 25.70 (95% CI 9.54 to 69.23)) and shock (aROR 3.63 (95% CI 2.30 to 5.74)), whereas blinatumomab was associated with a disproportionate risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation (aROR 3.02 (95% CI 1.98 to 4.60)) and hypotension (aROR 1.59 (95% CI 1.25 to 2.03)). CVAEs were more fatal compared with non-CVAEs (31.1% vs 17.4%; RR 1.76 (95% CI 1.54 to 2.03)). Most CVAEs (83.3%) did not overlap with cytokine release syndrome.ConclusionIn the first postmarketing surveillance study of BTEs, CVAEs were involved in approximately one in five AE reports and carried a significant mortality risk.
Methodological and statistical characteristics of meta-analyses on spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain: a systematic review
Authors: Kleppel Donald J , Copeland Royce , Hussain Nasir , Karri Jay , Wang Eric , D'Souza Ryan S 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundA growing number of meta-analyses (MA) have investigated the use of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) as a treatment modality for chronic pain. The quality of these MAs has not been assessed by validated appraisal tools.ObjectiveTo examine the methodological characteristics and quality of MAs related to the use of SCS for chronic pain syndromes.Evidence reviewAn online literature search was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE(R), Ovid EMBASE, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus databases (January 1, 2000 through June 30, 2023) to identify MAs that investigated changes in pain intensity, opioid consumption, and/or physical function after SCS for the treatment of chronic pain. MA quality was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2) critical appraisal tool.FindingsTwenty-five MAs were appraised in the final analysis. Three were considered “high” quality, three “low” quality, and 19 “critically low” quality, per the AMSTAR-2 criteria. There was no association between the publication year and AMSTAR-2 overall quality (β 0.043; 95% CI −0.008 to 0.095; p=0.097). There was an association between the impact factor and AMSTAR-2 overall quality (β 0.108; 95% CI 0.044 to 0.172; p=0.002), such that studies published in journals with higher impact factors were associated with higher overall quality. There was no association between the effect size and AMSTAR-2 overall quality (β −0.168; 95% CI −0.518 to 0.183; p=0.320).According to our power analysis, three studies were adequately powered (>80%) to reject the null hypothesis, while the remaining studies were underpowered (<80%).ConclusionsThe study demonstrates a critically low AMSTAR-2 quality for most MAs published on the use of SCS for treating chronic pain. Future MAs should improve study quality by implementing the AMSTAR-2 checklist items.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023431155.
Improved follow-up care for gun violence survivors in the Trauma Quality of Life Clinic
Authors: Brandolino Amber , deRoon-Cassini Terri A , Biesboer Elise A , Tomas Carissa W , Woolfolk Monet , Wakinekona Nalani A , Subramanian Maya , Cheruvalath Heloise , Schroeder Mary E , Trevino Colleen M 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundOutpatient follow-up represents a crucial opportunity to re-engage with gun violence survivors (GVS) and to facilitate positive health outcomes. Current outpatient models for firearm-related injuries and trauma care are inconsistent and unstandardized across trauma centers. This project describes the patient population served by the multidisciplinary Trauma Quality of Life (TQoL) Clinic for GVS. Also of primary interest was the outpatient follow-up services used by patients prior to their clinic appointment. Subsequent referrals placed during Clinic, as well as rate of attendance, was a secondary aim.MethodsThis was a descriptive retrospective analysis of a quality improvement project of the TQoL Clinic. Data were extracted from the electronic medical record and were supplemented with information from the trauma registry and the hospital-based violence intervention program database. Descriptive statistics characterized the patient population served. A Χ2analysis was used to compare no-show rates for the TQoL Clinic against two historical cohorts of trauma clinic attendees.ResultsMost attendees were young (M=32.0, SD=1.8, range=15–88 years), Black (80.1%), and male (82.0%). Of the 306 total TQoL Clinic attendees, 82.3% attended their initial scheduled appointment. Most non-attendee patients rescheduled their appointments (92.1%), and 89.5% attended the rescheduled appointment. TQoL Clinic demonstrated a significantly lower no-show rate than the traditional trauma clinic model, including after the implementation of the hospital’s inpatient violence intervention program (χ2(2)=75.52, p<0.001).ConclusionThe TQoL Clinic has demonstrated improved outpatient follow-up to address the comprehensive needs of GVS. Trauma centers with high gunshot wound volume should consider the implementation of the multidisciplinary TQoL Clinic model to increase access to care and to continue partnership with violence intervention programs to address health outcomes in those most at risk of future morbidity and mortality.Level of evidenceTherapeutic/care management, level III.
A perinatal social nutrition approach to improve breastfeeding in a culturally diverse group of low-income women
Authors: Carbonneau Elise , Dumas Alex , Lepage Suzanne , Dumas Audrée-Anne , Fontaine-Bisson Bénédicte 
Published: February 2024

Alima, Perinatal Social Nutrition Centre, is an established community organization that adopts a perinatal social nutrition approach to provide multidimensional support to women living in vulnerable conditions, particularly those with a precarious migratory status. This study aims to ( i) determine which maternal characteristics, pregnancy-related variables, and structural features of the Alima intervention are associated with breastfeeding; and ( ii) examine whether the association between attending breastfeeding workshops and breastfeeding characteristics differ according to maternal factors. The Alima digital database was used to analyze data from women who received the perinatal intervention between 2013 and 2020. Infant feeding data were retrieved at 2 weeks postpartum (T0, n = 2925), 2 months postpartum (T2, n = 1475), and 4 months postpartum (T4, n = 890). Logistic regressions were used to estimate the odds of overall and exclusive breastfeeding depending on sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy-related variables, and features of the intervention. The prevalence of overall and exclusive breastfeeding was, respectively, 96.1% and 60.7% at T0; 93.0% and 58.5% at T2; 83.0% and 48.4% at T4. Higher education, previous breastfeeding experience, and recent immigration were associated with a higher likelihood of breastfeeding at each time point. Breastfeeding workshop attendance was associated with a greater likelihood of overall and exclusive breastfeeding at T2 and T4, with a stronger effect among women aged 35 or less, those with lower education, and those with excessive gestational weight gain. In conclusion, the Alima intervention is associated with positive breastfeeding outcomes, especially among vulnerable women living with precarious migratory status in Canada.
Novel ternary PPy–ZnFe2O4/fly ash-cenosphere photocatalysts for photodegradation of methyl orange under UV light
Authors: Hu Haikun , Yuan Jinhai , Sun Qi , Qin Yu , Liu Junhong , Luo Xuanlan , Yang Ziyi , Hou Xiaopeng , Xu Di 
Published: February 2024

In this study, fly ash cenospheres (FACs), characterized by their floating properties and inherent photocatalytic activity, were used as a carrier to support ZnFe2O4 material and doped with conductive polymer polypyrrole (PPy) to prepare a novel ternary PPy–ZnFe2O4/FACs (PPy–ZF) composite catalyst. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, TEM, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the structure, morphology, and optical properties of the samples prepared. In particular, a 20 mg/L methyl orange (MO) solution at pH 4 was given 0.075 g of PPy–ZF catalyst to add, and after 30 min of dark adsorption, followed by irradiation for 180 min, 98.54% of the MO was removed. The material was also shown to have good stability and reusability through three cycles of use. Additionally, the material exhibited good photocatalytic activity for other dyes. The results of photocatalytic experiments showed their significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity toward MO, which was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of PPy and ZnFe2O4 on the surface of FACs, leading to a high separation efficiency and a low rate of photogenerated charge complexation. In addition, cyclic tests demonstrated the stability and reusability of the composite. The leading role in the photocatalytic degradation of MO was demonstrated by the radical trapping experiment, which showed ·O2 − and h+. The present study can significantly improve the photocatalytic performance of the floating materials of ZnFe2O4/FACs, which is beneficial to solve the current energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. It has certain reference significance to solve the problems of environmental pollution, waste recycling, and catalyst recycling in the future.
Superallowed beta-decay between isobaric analog states up to $${{\textbf {A}}}=\textbf{99}$$
Authors: Faestermann Thomas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIsospin symmetry is used to fit the precisely known $$Q_{EC}$$

Q

EC

-values of lighter $$T_Z=0,-1$$

T
Z

=
0
,
-
1

and $$T_Z=-1/2$$

T
Z

=
-
1
/
2

$$\beta $$
β
-emitters and to extrapolate them up to $$Z=50$$

Z
=
50

. For the $$\hbox {T}=1$$

T
=
1

emitters the half-lives of the pure $$0^+\rightarrow 0^+$$

0
+

→

0
+

Fermi decays are calculated and compared with experimentally known values, even for the heaviest cases where the experimental uncertainties are still rather large. For the $$\hbox {T} = 1/2$$

T
=
1
/
2

emitters only the Fermi component of the transitions can be predicted, but with the experimental half-lives the ratio of Gamow–Teller to Fermi strength can be determined.
A geoliteratura em Redenir dos Santos: um olhar sobre o território arraiano
Authors: Rodrigues Domingos da Costa 
Published: February 2024

Arraias, um portal para o além, obra ficticia de Redenir dos Santos, trae una narración que nos
parece fantástica, pero que el autor afirma categóricamente que trata de hechos reales. Al mismo tiempo, discute hechos históricos y geográficos que fueron decisivos para la formación actual del territorio de Arraias, municipio del Estado de Tocan tins. En torno a la saga familiar del niño Deco, Redenir logra caracterizar los sujetos y sus imaginarios, los paisajes y lugares de la cotidianidad arraiana, dejando uno de los mejores testimonios, en prosa, de las realidades sociales, simbólicas y cultur
ales del territorio de los al sureste de Tocantins.
A Cartografia existencial da juventude rural
Authors: Gonçalves Franciane Prado , Soares Juliana Abadia do Prado 
Published: February 2024

The present work aims to present a bibliographic review on "Existential Cartography" and "Rural Youth". It a ims to think about rural youth from existential cartography. This discussion is an integral part of the doctoral thesis, “Cartography of rural youth: an investigation in the municipality of Rio Verde-GO . (In progress), therefore, we seek to present a theoretic al discussion about the theme, still under construction. For this purpose, national and internationa l bibliographies were used, using
geographic science in the agrarian line and rural sociology from several universities.
ANGPTL3
Downregulation Increases Intracellular Lipids by Reducing Energy Utilization
Authors: Pennisi Grazia , Maurotti Samantha , Ciociola Ester , Jamialahmadi Oveis , Bertolazzi Giorgio , Mirarchi Angela , Bergh Per-Olof , Scionti Francesca , Mancina Rosellina M. , Spagnuolo Rocco , Tripodo Claudio , Boren Jan , Petta Salvatore , Romeo Stefano 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
ANGPTL3 (angiopoietin-like protein 3) is a circulating protein with a key role in maintaining lipoprotein homeostasis. A monoclonal antibody against ANGPTL3 is an approved and well-tolerated treatment to reduce lipoproteins in familial hypercholesterolemia homozygotes. However, the reduction of hepatic ANGPTL3 synthesis using an antisense oligonucleotide unexpectedly resulted in a dose-dependent increase in liver lipid content and circulating transaminases, resulting in the termination of the clinical trial. Meanwhile, the use of silencing RNAs remains an area of active investigation. Our study sought to investigate whether intracellular downregulation of ANGPTL3 may lead to a primary increase in neutral lipids within the hepatocyte.

METHODS:

We downregulated
ANGPTL3
by silencing RNA in primary human hepatocytes 3-dimensional spheroids, HepG2/LX-2 3-dimensional spheroids, and in HepG2, Hep3B2, and Huh7 cultured in 2 dimensions.

RESULTS:
ANGPTL3 downregulation increased neutral lipids in all models investigated. Interestingly, ANGPTL3 induced lower intracellular deiodinase type 1 protein levels resulting in a reduction in beta-oxidation and causing an increase in triglycerides stored in lipid droplets.

CONCLUSIONS:

In conclusion, intracellular
ANGPTL3
downregulation by silencing RNA led to an increase in triglycerides content due to a reduction in energy substrate utilization resembling a primary intracellular hepatocyte hypothyroidism.