bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximisation of Wind Farm Power Production Using the Teaching Learning Based Optimisation Algorithm
Authors: Balakrishnan Raj Kiran , Hur Sung-ho 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The wake effect is a significant challenge in wind farm power production, as it can greatly reduce the output power of the wind farm. Wake redirection control (WRC) is a wake control strategy that effectively improves wind farm power production. A realtime optimisation approach is developed to implement WRC in the wind farm. This approach uses teaching learning-based optimisation (TLBO) to solve the real-time wind farm optimisation problem. This algorithm is applied to a wind farm model of a real-life 20-turbine wind farm in South Korea. The model is created using FLORISSE_M, the MATLAB version of the FLORIS (FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady-state) model. The objective function of the optimisation problem is to maximise the total power output of the wind farm, and control variables are the yaw angles of the turbines in the wind farm. The simulations are conducted for various mean wind speeds, i.e., 6, 8, and 10 m/s, and for different wind directions, i.e., 0 to 330 degrees, incremented by 30 degrees. The results show that implementing the real-time optimisation on a 20-turbine wind farm with WRC incorporated significantly improves overall wind farm power production. The optimised yaw angles from the FLORISSE_M are validated with a high-fidelity wind farm model called SOWFA (Simulator for Wind Farm Applications). The results of the SOWFA simulation show significant agreement with the optimised yaw angles from the FLORISSE_M model. The total wind farm power output is also improved in the SOWFA simulation.
CASE REPORT: POSSIBLE EMERGING OF SALMONELLA ENTERICA SUBSP. ENTERICA SEROVAR HAVANA INFECTION IN NEWBORN KID GOATS
Authors: Chen Kuei-Miao , Wu Ming-Pin , Chiu Ting-Wei , Hung Chien-Ning , Lai Jyhmirn 
Published: January 2024

Although salmonellosis has been considered an important problem in the ruminant farm from 10 weeks to 14 months old, there is no information about the disease in goats, especially in 2 to 3-day-old kids, in recent years. The goat farmers complained that the 2 to 3-day-old kids showed clinical signs of depression, weakness, lameness, and diarrhea. The kids might die within one week after the symptoms appeared. The mortality reached 60% (48/80). After many antimicrobial agents were dosed, no better outcome was expected. The farmer sent one kid to the official deputy for further investigation. By helping with bacterial and molecular biological techniques, autopsy, serotyping, and histopathological diagnosis, the kids were infected by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Havana strain. After a farm visit, a moldy floor contaminated by 2 to 3[Formula: see text]cm thick feces was identified on the floor. After removing the mold and implementing disinfection, the outbreak was stopped. In conclusion, this report proves that salmonellosis has recently been identified in goat farms, especially in kids, within one week. Moreover, good hygiene and keeping feces out of barns are essential to preventing salmonellosis.
The Falls of the Ohio River: America's First Fossil Bed
Authors: Goldstein M. Alan , Bulinski Katherine V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Falls of the Ohio is a world-renowned geoheritage site of palaeontological and geological importance that also played key roles in the cultural and historical development of America. Studied by geologists for over two centuries, over 600 species of fossils are known from the site, hundreds of which were first described here. Beyond geology, the Falls of the Ohio can also be considered the origin and ending of the Lewis and Clark expedition, as well as an important location for naturalists and educators. A treasure of natural and human history and a National Natural Landmark, this spectacular 220 acre (89 ha) expanse of fossiliferous bedrock is worthy of ongoing study and protection.
Cotargeting CDK4/6 and BRD4 Promotes Senescence and Ferroptosis Sensitivity in Cancer
Authors: Zhu Xianbing , Fu Zheng , Dutchak Kendall , Arabzadeh Azadeh , Milette Simon , Steinberger Jutta , Morin Geneviève , Monast Anie , Pilon Virginie , Kong Tim , Adams Bianca N. , Prando Munhoz Erika , Hosein Hannah J.B. , Fang Tianxu , Su Jing , Xue Yibo , Rayes Roni , Sangwan Veena , Walsh Logan A. , Chen Guojun , Quail Daniela F. , Spicer Jonathan D. , Park Morag , Dankort David , Huang Sidong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are approved for breast cancer treatment and show activity against other malignancies, including KRAS-mutant non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the clinical efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors is limited due to frequent drug resistance and their largely cytostatic effects. Through a genome-wide cDNA screen, we identified that bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) overexpression conferred resistance to the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in KRAS-mutant NSCLC cells. Inhibition of BRD4, either by RNA interference or small-molecule inhibitors, synergized with palbociclib to induce senescence in NSCLC cells and tumors, and the combination prolonged survival in a KRAS-mutant NSCLC mouse model. Mechanistically, BRD4-inhibition enhanced cell-cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, both of which are necessary for senescence induction; this in turn elevated GPX4, a peroxidase that suppresses ROS-triggered ferroptosis. Consequently, GPX4 inhibitor treatment selectively induced ferroptotic cell death in the senescent cancer cells, resulting in tumor regression. Cotargeting CDK4/6 and BRD4 also promoted senescence and ferroptosis vulnerability in pancreatic and breast cancer cells. Together, these findings reveal therapeutic vulnerabilities and effective combinations to enhance the clinical utility of CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Significance:
The combination of cytostatic CDK4/6 and BRD4 inhibitors induces senescent cancer cells that are primed for activation of ferroptotic cell death by targeting GPX4, providing an effective strategy for treating cancer.
Multi-omics Analysis Reveals Immune Features Associated with Immunotherapy Benefit in Patients with Squamous Cell Lung Cancer from Phase III Lung-MAP S1400I Trial
Authors: Parra Edwin Roger , Zhang Jiexin , Duose Dzifa Yawa , Gonzalez-Kozlova Edgar , Redman Mary W. , Chen Hong , Manyam Ganiraju C. , Kumar Gayatri , Zhang Jianhua , Song Xingzhi , Lazcano Rossana , Marques-Piubelli Mario L. , Laberiano-Fernandez Caddie , Rojas Frank , Zhang Baili , Taing Len , Jhaveri Aashna , Geisberg Jacob , Altreuter Jennifer , Michor Franziska , Provencher James , Yu Joyce , Cerami Ethan , Moravec Radim , Kannan Kasthuri , Luthra Rajyalakshmi , Alatrash Gheath , Huang Hsin-Hui , Xie Hui , Patel Manishkumar , Nie Kai , Harris Jocelyn , Argueta Kimberly , Lindsay James , Biswas Roshni , Van Nostrand Stephen , Kim-Schulze Seunghee , Gray Jhanelle E. , Herbst Roy S. , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Gettinger Scott , Kelly Karen , Bazhenova Lyudmila , Gnjatic Sacha , Lee J. Jack , Zhang Jianjun , Haymaker Cara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Identifying molecular and immune features to guide immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens remains an unmet clinical need.

Experimental Design:
Tissue and longitudinal blood specimens from phase III trial S1400I in patients with metastatic squamous non–small cell carcinoma (SqNSCLC) treated with nivolumab monotherapy (nivo) or nivolumab plus ipilimumab (nivo+ipi) were subjected to multi-omics analyses including multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF), nCounter PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel, whole-exome sequencing, and Olink.

Results:
Higher immune scores from immune gene expression profiling or immune cell infiltration by mIF were associated with response to ICIs and improved survival, except regulatory T cells, which were associated with worse overall survival (OS) for patients receiving nivo+ipi. Immune cell density and closer proximity of CD8+GZB+ T cells to malignant cells were associated with superior progression-free survival and OS. The cold immune landscape of NSCLC was associated with a higher level of chromosomal copy-number variation (CNV) burden. Patients with LRP1B-mutant tumors had a shorter survival than patients with LRP1B-wild-type tumors. Olink assays revealed soluble proteins such as LAMP3 increased in responders while IL6 and CXCL13 increased in nonresponders. Upregulation of serum CXCL13, MMP12, CSF-1, and IL8 were associated with worse survival before radiologic progression.

Conclusions:
The frequency, distribution, and clustering of immune cells relative to malignant ones can impact ICI efficacy in patients with SqNSCLC. High CNV burden may contribute to the cold immune microenvironment. Soluble inflammation/immune-related proteins in the blood have the potential to monitor therapeutic benefit from ICI treatment in patients with SqNSCLC.
Design and analysis of 7-stage MOS current mode logic power gated MOSFETs in current starved voltage-controlled oscillator for the phase locked loop application
Authors: Madheswaran Sivasakthi , Panneerselvam Radhika 
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a new process, voltage and temperature (PVT) tolerant 7-stage ring type current starved voltage-controlled oscillator (CS-VCO). In this, a 7-stage ring VCO is proposed using power gated technique for phase locked loop (PLL) application. PLL plays a major role in clock and data recovery, Global Positioning System (GPS) system and satellite communications. For the high-speed application of PLL it is designed using 7-stage inverter delay cell with MOS current mode logic (MCML) technique. The circuit undergoes process, voltage and temperature variations with different parameters such as average power, oscillation frequency, phase noise, tuning range and output noise. The Monte-Carlo analysis justifies the proposed design provides better results. The circuit is simulated under 45 nm CMOS technology using cadence virtuoso. The average power consumption of the proposed circuit is 29.368 µW with the oscillation frequency of 3.06 GHz. The output noise and the phase noise of the proposed VCO are -161.55 dB and -125.92 dBc/Hz respectively. It achieves the frequency tuning range (FTR) of 95.09%. The obtained simulation results are highly robust with PVT making the circuit suitable for PLL application.
Dynamic Imaging of Blood Coagulation Within the Hematoma of Patients With Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke
Authors: Haque Muhammad E. , Boren Seth B. , Mills James , Schneider Kerry G. , Parekh Maria , Fraser Stuart M. , Bach Ivo , Hariharan Praveen , Zelnick Pamela J. , Guerra Castanon Felix S. , Naveed Asim , Tariq Muhammad , Arevalo Octavio D. , Hasan Khader M. , Escobar Miguel , Zhao Xiurong , Sitton Clark , Narayana Ponnada A. , Grotta James C. , Aronowski Jaroslaw , Savitz Sean I. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
The dynamics of blood clot (combination of Hb [hemoglobin], fibrin, and a higher concentration of aggregated red blood cells) formation within the hematoma of an intracerebral hemorrhage is not well understood. A quantitative neuroimaging method of localized coagulated blood volume/distribution within the hematoma might improve clinical decision-making.

METHODS:

The deoxyhemoglobin of aggregated red blood cells within extravasated blood exhibits a higher magnetic susceptibility due to unpaired heme iron electrons. We propose that coagulated blood, with higher aggregated red blood cell content, will exhibit (1) a higher positive susceptibility than noncoagulated blood and (2) increase in fibrin polymerization–restricted localized diffusion, which can be measured noninvasively using quantitative susceptibility mapping and diffusion tensor imaging. In this serial magnetic resonance imaging study, we enrolled 24 patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage between October 2021 to May 2022 at a stroke center. Patients were 30 to 70 years of age and had a hematoma volume >15 cm
3
and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score >1. The patients underwent imaging 3×: within 12 to 24 (T1), 36 to 48 (T2), and 60 to 72 (T3) hours of last seen well on a 3T magnetic resonance imaging system. Three-dimensional anatomic, multigradient echo and 2-dimensional diffusion tensor images were obtained. Hematoma and edema volumes were calculated, and the distribution of coagulation was measured by dynamic changes in the susceptibilities and fractional anisotropy within the hematoma.

RESULTS:

Using a coagulated blood phantom, we demonstrated a linear relationship between the percentage coagulation and susceptibility (R
2
=0.91) with a positive red blood cell stain of the clot. The quantitative susceptibility maps showed a significant increase in hematoma susceptibility (T1, 0.29±0.04 parts per millions; T2, 0.36±0.04 parts per millions; T3, 0.45±0.04 parts per millions;
P
<0.0001). A concomitant increase in fractional anisotropy was also observed with time (T1, 0.40±0.02; T2, 0.45±0.02; T3, 0.47±0.02;
P
<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:
This quantitative neuroimaging study of coagulation within the hematoma has the potential to improve patient management, such as safe resumption of anticoagulants, the need for reversal agents, the administration of alteplase to resolve the clot, and the need for surgery.
Legal Challenges in Prosecuting the Crime of Aggression in the Russo-Ukrainian War
Authors: Tsybulenko Evhen , Rinta-Pollari Henna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Russian invasion of Ukraine has opened a debate over how to ensure accountability for the supreme international crime, namely the crime of aggression. Prosecuting the crime of aggression related to Russia’s attack on Ukraine is hampered by the fact that neither country, Russia nor Ukraine, are Member States of the Rome Statute, which established the International Criminal Court (icc) and transferred the crime to its jurisdiction. As a result, this article will examine how and in what ways the crime of aggression may be prosecuted in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian war, with a particular emphasis on prosecuting the crime through the icc, domestic courts, or by establishing an ad hoc tribunal.
Based on an analysis of the legal aspects of prosecuting the crime of aggression, the article suggests that currently, the most appropriate approach to prosecuting the crime in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian war is to establish an international ad hoc tribunal, either through a treaty signed by the United Nations and Ukraine on the basis of a referral from the United Nations General Assembly and the United Nations Secretary-General or a multilateral treaty between Ukraine and other states supported by the United Nations.
Between Dialogue, Conflict, and Competition: The Limits of Responsive Judicial Review in the Case of the Romanian Constitutional Court
Authors: Suteu Silvia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A response to Rosalind Dixon’s Responsive Judicial Review (Oxford University Press 2023) assessing her theory’s prospects and caveats in the Romanian constitutional context. The piece analyses recent case law from the Romanian Constitutional Court and highlights three important shortcomings that limit the applicability of Dixon’s framework: the tendency toward formalism in constitutional interpretation, an impoverished rights review culture, and the persistent conflictual positioning of the Constitutional Court vis-à-vis other constitutional actors. The article ends by speculating on developments that may yet render responsive judicial review more of a reality in Romanian constitutionalism than present conditions may allow.
Explaining Sectarian Dynamics in the Syrian Governorate of Deir Ezzor Through the Lens of Instrumentalism and Historical Sociology
Authors: Dukhan Haian , Hassan Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper traces the rise of sectarianism in the Syrian governorate of Deir Ezzor from the 1970s up to the current civil war. To this end, this research will focus on answering two main questions: “what factors made sectarianism prevalent in Deir Ezzor after 2003?” and “how did attempts by the Syrian regime, Iran, and Islamists to use sectarianism to mobilize people, lead to the catastrophe in Deir Ezzor during the Syrian civil war?” The primordial framework that considers sectarianism to be a consequence of age-old religious differences between Sunni and Shiʿite Muslims is rejected in this paper. This paper shows that a better understanding of sectarianism can be found through a synthesis of instrumentalism and historical sociology. The historical sociology framework provides an understanding of how adverse socioeconomic conditions and security threats in Deir Ezzor led to the rise of sectarianism, whilst instrumentalism explains how the regime, Iran, and the Islamists used sectarian identities to retain control over the population of Deir Ezzor.
Intrathermocline Eddy with Lens-Shaped Low Potential Vorticity and Diabatic Forcing Mechanism in the South China Sea
Authors: Liu Yuyi , Jing Zhiyou 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Intrathermocline eddies (ITEs), characterized by subsurface lens-shaped low potential vorticity (PV), are pervasive in the ocean. However, the abundance and generation mechanisms of these low-PV lenses are poorly understood owing to their weak surface signals and awkward sizes, which present an observational barrier. Using in situ observations of the northern South China Sea (NSCS), a typical ITE with a lens-shaped low PV at a core depth of 30–150 m and a horizontal size of ∼150 km was captured in May 2021. Combined with PV budget analysis, we investigate the underlying generation mechanism of low PVs within these ITEs using high-resolution reanalysis products. The results suggest that wintertime surface buoyancy loss driven by atmospheric diabatic forcing rather than frictional forcing is a crucial favorable condition for the ITE formation. These enhanced surface buoyancy losses produce a net upward PV flux and decrease PV in the weakly stratified and deep winter mixed layer, which are preconditioned by anticyclonic eddies (AEs). While surface heating in the following spring tends to weaken the surface buoyancy loss and gradually causes a downward PV flux, the surface-injected high PV subsequently caps the low-PV water within the surface-intensified AEs and transforms them into ITEs. Approximately 22% of the 58 AEs detected by satellite altimetry in the NSCS are ITEs. More importantly, the lens-shaped low PVs within them are produced primarily by the enhanced surface buoyancy loss during wintertime. These findings provide a new dynamic explanation for the low-PV generation in ITEs, highlighting the crucial role of atmospheric diabatic forcing.

Significance Statement
Intrathermocline eddies (ITEs), characterized by a lens-like isopycnal structure that bounds low potential vorticity (PV), are active in the oceanic interior. Although a few previous studies revealed the existence of ITEs in the South China Sea, the source and dynamic generation mechanisms of the lens-shaped low PV still remain elusive. We find that the enhanced surface buoyancy loss due to atmospheric diabatic forcing drives an upward surface PV flux and is identified to produce the low PV. The preexisting anticyclonic eddy, combined with seasonal surface heating in spring, can be easily transformed into the ITE. This study provides a new dynamic understanding for the generation mechanism of ITEs’ low PVs and highlights the contribution of atmospheric diabatic forcing.
Three-dimensional modeling of moisture transport in wood using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and X-ray computed tomography in conjunction with finite element analysis
Authors: Zeng Wenpeng , Fujimoto Takaaki , Inagaki Tetsuya , Tsuchikawa Satoru , Ma Te 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn past studies, finite element analysis (FEA) methods have been used to simulate the thermal and moisture coupling of wood. However, challenges remain in achieving high-quality three-dimensional (3D) simulations, mainly because of the heterogeneous and complex structure of wood and its difficult-to-detect internal structure, which makes modeling challenging, in addition to the lack of robust experimental techniques to validate simulation results. In this study, the FEA simulation model was refined by combining X-ray computed tomography (CT) and near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI). CT was used to probe the 3D density of wood, and a novel FEA tetrahedral mesh was constructed based on the results. The NIR-HSI method visualizes the moisture distribution during adsorption and desorption inside the wood. This result is then used to adjust the parameters of the FEA simulation model and as a reference value to evaluate the simulation results. The visualization and simulation results fit well with the theoretical properties. The simulation results can more accurately reflect the spatial distribution and transfer trend of wood moisture at different points in time. Therefore, the CT and NIR-HSI-based 3D heat and moisture-coupled FEA model of wood proposed in this study can be used as a basis for optimizing drying parameters to provide high-quality wood.