bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using MCQ response certainty to determine how aspects of self‐monitoring develop through a medical course
Authors: Tweed Mike , Willink Robin , Wilkinson Tim J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionSelf‐monitoring of clinical‐decision‐making is essential for health care professional practice. Using certainty in responses to assessment items could allow self‐monitoring of clinical‐decision‐making by medical students to be tracked over time. This research introduces how aspects of insightfulness, safety and efficiency could be based on certainty in, and correctness of, multiple‐choice question (MCQ) responses. We also show how these measures change over time.MethodsWith each answer on twice yearly MCQ progress tests, medical students provided their certainty of correctness. An insightful student would be more likely to be correct for those answers given with increasing certainty. A safe student would be expected to have a high probability of being correct for answers given with a high certainty. An efficient student would be expected to have a sufficiently low probability of being correct when they have no certainty. The system was developed using first principles and data from one cohort of students. A dataset from a second cohort was then used as an independent validation sample.ResultsThe patterns of aspects of self‐monitoring were similar for both cohorts. Almost all the students met the criteria for insightfulness on all tests. Most students had an undetermined outcome for the safety aspect. When a definitive result for safety was obtained, absence of safety was most prevalent in the middle of the course, while the presence of safety increased later. Most of the students met the criteria for efficiency, with the highest prevalence mid‐course, but efficiency was more likely to be absent later.DiscussionThroughout the course, students showed reassuring levels of insightfulness. The results suggest that students may balance safety with efficiency. This may be explained by students learning the positive implications of decisions before the negative implications, making them initially more efficient, but later being more cautious and safer.
Challenging coronary sinus lead placement for CRT: A modified “Anchoring balloon” technique
Authors: Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai , Tokavanich Nithi , Srimahachota Suphot 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn 80‐year‐old man with a history of complete heart block underwent dual chamber pacemaker implantation about a year ago. He returned to the hospital due to de novo heart failure caused by pacing‐induced cardiomyopathy; hence, we planned to upgrade his pacemaker to a biventricular device. The initial strategy was to perform left bundle branch area pacing‐optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy (LOT‐CRT) with left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) combined with a coronary sinus (CS) lead. In this challenging case, the successful placement of a CS lead was hindered by a complicated combination of a large CS body linked to the left superior vena cava and a winding CS branch. However, utilizing readily available tools, such as the coronary balloon and Guide Plus II ST catheter, proved instrumental in overcoming these obstacles. As a result, LOT‐CRT provided the patient with a safe alternative to surgical LV lead placement.
Self‐defense, claim‐rights, and guns
Authors: Cetty Chetan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe right to self‐defense has played a major role in objections to gun regulation. Many contend that gun regulations threaten this right. While much philosophical discussion has focused on the relation between guns and this right, less attention has been paid to the argument for the right of self‐defense itself. In this article, I examine this argument. Gunrights defenders contend that the right of self‐defense is needed to explain why interferences in self‐defense are wrong. I propose an alternative explanation for such wrongs, one which does not posit the existence of a self‐defense right, and then show how it undermines their claim that there exists a strong presumption against gun regulation. I conclude by articulating the implications of this alternative explanatory account for other rights.
The persistent impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on pediatric emergency department visits for suicidal thoughts and behaviors
Authors: Junewicz Alexandra , Wachtel Jonathan M. , Okparaeke Eugene , Guo Fei , Farahmand Pantea , Lois Rebecca , Li Annie , Stein Cheryl R. , Baroni Argelinda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe examined data from a large, high acuity, pediatric psychiatric emergency department (ED) to assess both the immediate and longer‐term impact of the pandemic on ED visits for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) among youth.MethodsYouth ages 5–17 years presenting at a pediatric psychiatric ED in New York, NY from March 2019–November 2021 were included in this study. Visits were categorized as pre‐pandemic, pandemic year 1, or pandemic year 2. We examined changes in demographic and clinical characteristics among patients presenting across the three time periods, as well as multivariable associations between these characteristics and STBs.ResultsOver 32 months, 2728 patients presented at 4161 visits. The prevalence of a discharge diagnosis of STBs increased from 21.2% pre‐pandemic to 26.3% (p < 0.001) during pandemic year 1, and further increased to 30.1% (p = 0.049) during pandemic year 2. Youth were 21% more likely to receive a discharge diagnosis of STBs in pandemic year 1 (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07, 1.36) and 35% more likely in pandemic year 2 (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.19, 1.52) compared to pre‐pandemic baseline.ConclusionsIn a large, high‐acuity ED, STBs continued to increase 20 months after the initial COVID‐19 lockdown. These findings highlight the persistent detrimental impact of the pandemic on youth mental health.
Children's interpretations of parental responses to children's negative emotions in Chinese urban and rural communities
Authors: Ding Ruyi , He Wei , Liu Tuo , Pan Junhao , Wang Qian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChildren's interpretations of parenting behaviors offer valuable insights into cultural meanings of parenting. This study examined how Chinese urban and rural children interpreted six different types of parental responses to children's negative emotions (PRCNE), which have traditionally been identified as supportive (e.g., emotion‐focused responses, problem‐focused responses, and expressive encouragement) versus nonsupportive ones (e.g., minimization, parental distress, punitive responses) in Western cultures. Based on surveyed samples of 976 children, demographically matched samples of 102 urban (Mage = 14.23 years) and 100 rural (Mage = 14.38 years) children were generated for analysis, using propensity score matching (PSM). Results revealed that compared with rural children, urban children rated problem‐focused responses as more normative, whereas parental distress and punitive responses as less normative. Additionally, urban children evaluated emotion‐focused responses, problem‐focused responses, expressive encouragement, and minimization as less negative, and parental distress as less positive than rural children. In urban communities, emotion‐focused responses, problem‐focused responses, and encouragement were evaluated most positively and least negatively, followed by minimization, and lastly parental distress and punitive responses. In rural communities, emotion‐focused responses and problem‐focused responses were evaluated most positively and least negatively, followed by encouragement and minimization, and lastly parental distress and punitive responses. The findings highlight the diverse interpretations children have towards PRCNE across different cultural contexts.
The micro‐seismicity of Co. Donegal (Ireland): Defining baseline seismicity in a region of slow lithospheric deformation
Authors: Riva Federica , Agostinetti Nicola Piana , Marzorati Simone , Horan Clare 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA catalogue of precisely located micro‐seismicity is fundamental for investigating seismicity and rock physical properties in active tectonic and volcanic regions and for the definition of a ‘baseline’ seismicity, required for a safe future exploitation of georesource areas. In this study, we produce the first manually revised catalogue of micro‐seismicity for Co. Donegal region (Ireland), an area of about 50K M2 of on‐going deformation, aimed at localizing natural micro‐seismic events occurred between 2012 and 2015. We develop a stochastic method based on a Markov chain Monte Carlo (McMC) sampling approach to compute earthquake hypocentral location parameters. Our results indicates that micro‐seismicity is present with magnitudes lower than 2 (the highest magnitude is 2.8).The recorded seismicity is almost clustered along previously mapped NE‐SW trending, steeply dipping faults and confined within the upper crust (focal depth less than 10 km). We also recorded anthropogenic seismicity mostly related to quarries' activity in the study area.
Progressive ulcerative keratitis in dogs in the United Kingdom: Microbial isolates, antimicrobial sensitivity, and resistance patterns
Authors: Goss Robert , Adams Vicki J. , Heinrich Christine , Grundon Rachael , Linn‐Pearl Rose , Scurrell Emma , Hamzianpour Negar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of the study was to identify bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial sensitivity profile associated with cases of canine progressive ulcerative keratitis.Materials and MethodsAnalysis of microbial culture and sensitivity results from dogs with progressive ulcerative keratitis presenting to a UK referral practice between December 2018 and August 2020.ResultsPositive bacterial cultures were obtained from 80/148 (54%) of the canine ulcers sampled with 99 bacterial isolates cultured. Streptococcus canis (n = 29), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 19), and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (n = 16) were the most common isolates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more likely to be isolated whether the ulcer was clinically malacic at the time of sampling (OR = 10.1, p < .001). Ulcers treated prior to culture with fusidic acid were 7.6 times more likely to be positive than those treated with any other antimicrobial(s). Bacterial isolates demonstrated resistance against neomycin (85%), fusidic acid (78%), and tetracycline (68%). Conversely, isolates were most likely to be sensitive to gentamicin (88%), ofloxacin (77%), ciprofloxacin (73%), and chloramphenicol (64%). Antimicrobial combinations of chloramphenicol or gentamicin with a fluoroquinolone (ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin) or chloramphenicol combined with gentamicin were the most effective on in vitro analysis (over 90% susceptibility of all isolates).ConclusionThe most common bacterial species associated with canine progressive ulcerative keratitis in a UK referral population were S. canis, P. aeruginosa, and S. pseudintermedius. Combination antimicrobial therapy is recommended pending culture and sensitivity results given the varied antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and significant bacterial in vitro resistance to antimicrobial monotherapy.
Comparison of the diagnostic yield of 3 and 5 mm laparoscopic liver biopsy forceps in cats
Authors: Dobberstein Rachel E. A. , Brisson Brigitte A. , Foster Robert A. , Monteith Gabrielle , Larose Philippe Chagnon , Rankovic Alexandra , Verbrugghe Adronie , Shoveller Anna Kate 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether 3 and 5 mm laparoscopic cup biopsy forceps provide samples of equivalent diagnostic quality in cats.Study designExperimental study.AnimalsTwelve colony cats undergoing a concurrent nutrition study.MethodsTwo biopsy forceps (3 and 5 mm) and three biopsy techniques (twist, pull, and twist + pull) were used to collect 68 laparoscopic liver samples. Biopsies were performed consecutively with the 3 and 5 mm biopsy sites adjacent to each other. Data analyzed included the number of portal triads and hepatic lobules, tissue crush and fragmentation, overall sample area (mm2), sample weight, and agreement regarding morphologic diagnosis.ResultsThe 5 mm forceps provided more hepatic lobules, portal triads, and a larger tissue weight and histologic area (mm2) (p < .01). The twist and pull techniques provide more hepatic lobules and portal triads compared to the twist + pull technique while the twist + pull technique resulted in greater tissue crush compared to the twist technique (p = .0097). There was good agreement for morphological diagnosis between the 3 and 5 mm samples using the twist + pull technique but not for the twist or pull techniques.ConclusionLiver samples can be safely collected with 3 or 5 mm laparoscopic biopsy forceps and provide sufficient tissue for histopathology analysis in cats, with minimal artifact. The diagnostic accuracy of 3 mm samples remains unknown.Clinical significanceAlthough 3 mm laparoscopic cup biopsy forceps provided samples of sufficient diagnostic quality for histopathologic interpretation in cats, further studies are required to assess their diagnostic accuracy.
Submanifolds with ample normal bundle
Authors: Falla Luza Maycol , Loray Frank , Pereira Jorge Vitório 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe construct germs of complex manifolds of dimension along projective submanifolds of dimension with ample normal bundle and without nonconstant meromorphic functions whenever . We also show that our methods do not allow the construction of similar examples when by establishing an algebraicity criterion for foliations on projective spaces that generalizes a classical result by Van den Ven characterizing linear subspaces of projective spaces as the only submanifolds with split tangent sequence.
Event-Triggered Model-Free Adaptive Control for Wheeled Mobile Robot With Time Delay and External Disturbance Based on Discrete-Time Extended State Observer
Authors: Huang Jiahui , Chen Hua , Shen Chao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, an improved model-free adaptive control strategy is proposed for the trajectory tracking problem of the wheeled mobile robot (WMR) with time-delay and bounded disturbance. Firstly, the original nonlinear time delay system is transformed into a data model by applying the full-form dynamic linearization method (FFDL). Secondly, the discrete-time extended state observer (DESO) is applied to estimate the unknown residual nonlinear time-varying term. A full-form dynamic linearization model-free adaptive control scheme based on discrete-time extended state observer (DESO-based FFDL MFAC) is proposed. In addition, a full-form dynamic linearization event-triggered model-free adaptive control based on discrete-time extended state observer (DESO-based FFDL ET-MFAC) is established by designing an event-triggering condition to assure Lyapunov stability. The control input signal is updated only if the system indicator meets the provided event-triggering condition; otherwise, the control input remains unchanged which can address limited communication bandwidth effectively. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation.
Effect of Build Geometry and Porosity in Additively Manufactured CuCrZr
Authors: Kulkarni Anup , Peddiraju Vivek C. , Chatterjee Subhradeep , Srinivasan Dheepa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The current work presents an understanding of microstructure and mechanical properties as a function of build geometry and build orientation in Cu-Cr-Zr via the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique. Porosity, microstructure, and mechanical properties have been compared in as-printed (AP) and heat-treated (HT) LPBF Cu-Cr-Zr, between cylindrical and cube geometries, along the longitudinal (L) and transverse (T) build orientations. Varying porosity levels were observed that yielded parts with 96–97% relative density in the AP condition. The AP microstructure demonstrated a hierarchical microstructure, comprising grains (2.5–100 μm) with a cellular substructure (400–850 nm) and intracellular nanoscale (20–60 nm) precipitates. Unlike most materials in the AP condition, crystallographic texture was found to be absent; however, very distinct river-like patterns highlighted a novel feature of the LPBF Cu-Cr-Zr. Upon solutionizing and aging, Cr precipitates were seen heterogeneously nucleating along cell boundaries (0.5–1.3 μm), causing up to 45% enhancement in the strength and a 4–5% lower ductility. The yield strength along the transverse orientation was 10–16% higher than that of longitudinal orientation, in both the AP and HT conditions. Fracture surface of the tensile samples exhibited micro-voids, cleavage facets, and unmelted particles. Despite the porosity, overall mechanical properties matched well with those obtained in nearly dense (&gt;99%) samples and the mechanical property debit was less than 10%.
A Method to Determine Bubble Distribution in Liquid Using Data of Inverse Acoustical Scattering
Authors: Amromin Eduard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Information on bubble distributions in liquids is required for various applications. Employment of inverse acoustic scattering is the usual path to determine these distributions. This path is based on solving a Fredholm first kind integral equation leading to an ill-posed mathematical problem. The usual regularization methods for such a problem are quite complex and require introduction of some tuning parameters. Meanwhile, as shown in this paper, another method works well for media, where acoustic waves propagate with the small losses. This method is based on extraction of a singular Cauchy integral in the above-mentioned equation and of the further inversion of this integral. Such a regularization via inversion is a simple operation that gives numerically stable solutions. Here, this regularization is described, verified using the method of manufactured solutions, and validated with the well-known already published experimental data.
Orifice Jet Curvature and Its Interaction With a Row of Short Pin-Fins
Authors: Schekman Sjouke , Kim Tongbuem 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The fluidic behaviors and interactions present in a setup utilizing perforated blockages and downstream pin-fin are elucidated: specifically, the role of jet curvature in flow interactions and the interaction of end-wall flows around the pin-fins subjected to impinging jet. To this end, a combination of particle image velocimetry-based measurements and oil-dye surface flow visualization technique is utilized. Two different configurations of jet flows, with or without flanking jets, and three different distances between the pin-fins and blockages were considered. Jet curvature can result in flow inclinations of as much as 45 deg–60 deg interacting with the pin-fins and the majority of the jet flow is skewed toward the inner side of the pin-fin. At the end-wall, the interaction with nearby structures, being blockages or pin-fins, alters the shape and profile of the flows. This alteration is in contrast to those around conventional pin-fin arrays which remain largely unaltered in the presence of nearby pin-fins.
Gravity Wave Interaction With a Composite Pile–Rock Breakwater
Authors: Keerthi Raaj S. , Vijay K. G. , Neelamani S. , Saha Nilanjan , Sundaravadivelu R. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Surface gravity wave interaction with a novel composite pile–rock breakwater having a stack of porous plates fixed on its top is investigated in the present study. A numerical code based on the dual boundary element method (DBEM) is developed to understand the wave scattering and force coefficients within the framework of linearized potential flow theory. Out of the four different proposed configurations (pile–rock alone, vertical, horizontal, and H-shaped porous plate assembly with pile–rock), it is found that novel H-shaped porous plates with submerged pile–rock are effective in attenuating the wave energy. The parametric study for the H-shaped configuration with several key aspects like permeable plate porosity, horizontal plate's submergence depth, pile–rock relative height, and width of the pile–rock barriers are investigated. It is appropriate to use plate porosity in the range of 10–20% to secure wave transmission of less than 0.5 for a wide range of incident wave periods. By changing the relative submergence of the horizontal porous plate from (h2/h = 0.375–0.125), it is possible to reduce the wave transmission by about 10% but at the expense of increasing the vertical wave force by almost 50–75%. Increasing the pile–rock height (h1/h from 0.75 to 0.25) helps to reduce the wave transmission but significantly increases the horizontal wave force and moment on the perforated H-shaped barrier. The results of the parametric study can be used for optimizing the dimensions of the pile–rock cum porous plate wave barrier for a wide range of field conditions.
Numerical Study on the Automatic Ballast Control of a Floating Dock
Authors: Wen Xueliang , Zhang Jianan , García Conde Alejandro , Ong Muk Chen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ballast control of a floating dock mainly relies on manual operations, which can be time-consuming and requires skilled workers. This study proposes an automatic ballast control system for floating docks, which improves operational efficiency and safety during the vessel docking process. A numerical model is developed to simulate the dynamic process of the floating dock's operations, which includes a six degrees-of-freedom (6DOF) model, a hydrostatic force model, a hydrodynamic force model, and a hydraulic model. The hydrostatic force model is developed using the Archimedes law and a strip theory along the longitudinal direction. The hydrodynamic model is made based on the effects of added mass and dynamic damping. The hydraulic model is proposed to deal with the hydraulic calculation of the ballast water system. The present automatic ballast control is designed based on a modified proportional controller (P-controller) to control the valve opening angles when the pitch or roll angles are larger than the corresponding threshold values. Without using controllers, the roll angles of the dock can reach 8.9 deg and 13 deg during the ballasting and de-ballasting operations, respectively. The present modified P-controller with optimized control parameters can stabilize the dock during the de-ballasting operation and keep the maximum pitch and roll angles no larger than 0.016 deg and 0.0783 deg, respectively. During the ballasting operation with the same control parameters, the roll and pitch are below 0.0604 deg and 0.0145 deg, respectively. The present automatic control will be further implemented in the vessel docking cases and can significantly improve the stability of the dock.