bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different Anti-inflammatory Drugs on High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Yu Miao , Zhu Zheng-Feng , Yang Fen , Yuan Yuan-Fan , Liao Shu-De , Liu Mei-Lin , Cheng Xiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Colchicine reduces atherothrombotic cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease because of its anti-inflammatory effect. However, the effects of the other anti-inflammatory drugs in coronary artery disease remain unclear. This study included 132 patients aged 18–80 years who completed the planned percutaneous coronary interventions and were treated with aggressive secondary prevention strategies for 4 weeks. The subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of the following treatment groups for 4 weeks: (1) control: no additional intervention; (2) colchicine: 0.5 mg once a day; (3) tranilast: 0.1 g thrice a day; or (4) oridonin: 0.5 g thrice a day. The primary outcome was the percentage change in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels at the end of 4 weeks. In total, 109 patients completed the study. The mean age was 58.33 years, 81 (74.31%) were male, and 28 (25.69%) were female. The percentage changes in hsCRP after 4 weeks of treatment were −11.62%, −48.28%, −21.60%, and −7.81%, in the control, colchicine, tranilast, and the oridonin groups, respectively. Compared with the control group, only the colchicine group showed significantly greater reduction in hsCRP levels (P = 0.022). In targeted proteomic analysis, proteins associated with neutrophil activation (azurocidin, myeloperoxidase, and myeloblastin), platelet aggregation (glycoprotein VI), and endothelial damage (galectin-3) were reduced with colchicine therapy. These results show that of 3 anti-inflammatory drugs only colchicine could reduce hsCRP in patients after percutaneous coronary interventions.
Scheimpflug Corneal Tomography Anterior Chamber Depth in Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty Recipients
Authors: Mandell Jordan , Pajek Sarah , Vanner Elizabeth A. , Santiago-Leon Andrea C. , Zhang Crystal L. , Koo Ellen H. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
Our study investigates whether preoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD) measured by Scheimpflug tomography could serve as a potential predictor of graft failure in eyes undergoing Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK).

Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent primary or repeat DSEK between January 2020 and August 2021 at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. Charts from 378 primary and 192 repeat DSEK patients were reviewed and ultimately 47 primary and 21 repeat DSEK patients met criteria for inclusion. Data collection included demographics, preoperative ACD, best-corrected visual acuity, and length of follow-up.

Results:
Demographics were similar between groups, and there was no significant difference in the average best-corrected visual acuity between the single and repeat DSEK groups preoperatively. Baseline preoperative ACD was greatest in the single DSEK group (3.51 ± 0.90 mm) when compared to baseline preoperative ACD in the repeat DSEK group (3.01 ± 0.67 mm, P = 0.003). The preoperative mean ACD was smallest in the repeat DSEK group before the second DSEK (2.94 ± 0.48 mm, P = 0.001). Preoperative baseline ACD was the only variable to affect graft survival time significantly (P = 0.012). The incidence of glaucoma diagnosis was similar in both groups (42.5% vs. 42.8%, P = 0.471). The diagnosis of glaucoma and presence of incisional glaucoma surgery did not affect the graft survival time (P = 0.129, P = 0.559) or need for repeat DSEK.

Conclusions:
Smaller baseline preoperative Scheimpflug ACD measurement may be a possible predictor of the need for repeat DSEK. Our study found that Scheimpflug ACD decreases with subsequent DSEK failure.
Variations in Management of Zone 1 Open Globe Injuries Across Corneal Specialists
Authors: Foley Lindsay M. , Colby Kathryn A. , Rapuano Christopher J. , Woreta Fasika A. , Syed Zeba A. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to describe variations in practice patterns for the management of zone 1 open globe injuries among corneal specialists worldwide.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was performed using an online survey distributed to members of The Cornea Society. Responses were collected between September 9, 2021, and September 30, 2021.

Results:
Of 94 responses included in analysis, respondents averaged 18.2 ± 14.5 years of postfellowship experience. Among respondents, 53 (56.4%) were affiliated with an academic institution and 41 (43.6%) with private practice. Ophthalmologists practicing in the United States were significantly more likely to use an eye shield preoperatively (98.5% vs. 85.7%, P = 0.03) and less likely to perform primary lensectomy in cases of lens involvement (40.9% vs. 75.0%, P = 0.002) compared with those practicing outside the United States. Ophthalmologists in practice fewer than 10 years were more likely to administer preoperative systemic antibiotics (91.4% vs. 66.1%, P = 0.006) and tetanus prophylaxis (88.6% vs. 67.8%, P = 0.03), and to obtain preoperative computed tomography scans (85.7% vs. 54.2%, P = 0.002) compared with more senior physicians. Ophthalmologists at academic institutions were more likely to perform preoperative B-scan (30.2% vs. 9.8%, P = 0.02), use general anesthesia (90.6% vs. 70.7%, P = 0.03), and admit for postoperative antibiotics (28.3% vs. 9.8%, P = 0.04), and were less likely to perform surgery overnight (45.3% vs. 70.7%, P = 0.02) compared with private practice physicians.

Conclusions:
There is significant variation in the practice patterns for the management of zone 1 open globe injuries among corneal specialists, which presents an opportunity to investigate whether certain treatment options lead to better outcomes in these injuries.
Neuroinflammation drives sex-dependent effects on pain and negative affect in a murine model of repeated mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Liu Shiwei (Steve) , Pickens Sarah , Barta Zack , Rice Myra , Dagher Merel , Lebens Ryan , Nguyen Theodore V. , Cummings Brian J. , Cahill Catherine M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 75% of reported cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are mild, where chronic pain and depression are 2 of the most common symptoms. In this study, we used a murine model of repeated mild TBI to characterize the associated pain hypersensitivity and affective-like behavior and to what extent microglial reactivity contributes to these behavioral phenotypes. Male and female C57BL/6J mice underwent sham or repeated mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) and were tested for up to 9 weeks postinjury, where an anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective drug (minocycline) was introduced at 5 weeks postinjury in the drinking water. Repeated mild traumatic brain injury mice developed cold nociceptive hypersensitivity and negative affective states, as well as increased locomotor activity and risk-taking behavior. Minocycline reversed negative affect and pain hypersensitivities in male but not female mice. Repeated mild traumatic brain injury also produced an increase in microglial and brain-derived neurotropic factor mRNA transcripts in limbic structures known to be involved in nociception and affect, but many of these changes were sex dependent. Finally, we show that the antiepileptic drug, gabapentin, produced negative reinforcement in male rmTBI mice that was prevented by minocycline treatment, whereas rmTBI female mice showed a place aversion to gabapentin. Collectively, pain hypersensitivity, increased tonic-aversive pain components, and negative affective states were evident in both male and female rmTBI mice, but suppression of microglial reactivity was only sufficient to reverse behavioral changes in male mice. Neuroinflammation in limbic structures seems to be a contributing factor in behavioral changes resulting from rmTBI.
Multimodal covarying brain patterns mediate genetic and psychological contributions to individual differences in pain sensitivity
Authors: Zhang Huijuan , Zhao Lei , Lu Xuejing , Peng Weiwei , Zhang Li , Zhang Zhiguo , Hu Li , Cao Jin , Tu Yiheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Individuals vary significantly in their pain sensitivity, with contributions from the brain, genes, and psychological factors. However, a multidimensional model integrating these factors is lacking due to their complex interactions. To address this, we measured pain sensitivity (ie, pain threshold and pain tolerance) using the cold pressor test, collected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and genetic data, and evaluated psychological factors (ie, pain catastrophizing, pain-related fear, and pain-related anxiety) from 450 healthy participants with both sexes (160 male, 290 female). Using multimodal MRI fusion methods, we identified 2 pairs of covarying structural and functional brain patterns associated with pain threshold and tolerance, respectively. These patterns primarily involved regions related to self-awareness, sensory-discriminative, cognitive-evaluative, motion preparation and execution, and emotional aspects of pain. Notably, pain catastrophizing was negatively correlated with pain tolerance, and this relationship was mediated by the multimodal covarying brain patterns in male participants only. Furthermore, we identified an association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs4141964 within the fatty acid amide hydrolase gene and pain threshold, mediated by the identified multimodal covarying brain patterns across all participants. In summary, we suggested a model that integrates the brain, genes, and psychological factors to elucidate their role in shaping interindividual variations in pain sensitivity, highlighting the important contribution of the multimodal covarying brain patterns as important biological mediators in the associations between genes/psychological factors and pain sensitivity.
Post-colonoscopy rectal cancer in Swedish patients with Crohn’s disease 2001–2015: a population-based case review study
Authors: Stjärngrim Jessica , Ekbom Anders , Widman Linnea , Hultcrantz Rolf , Forsberg Anna 
Published: November 2023

Objective
Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) is a key quality indicator of colonoscopy, and PCCRC rates are high in the IBD population. Rectal cancer, an important risk factor for PCCRC among patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), has not previously been examined.

Methods
Swedish adult patients with CD who underwent a colonoscopy within 36 months before a rectal cancer diagnosis between 2001 and 2015 were identified through the National Patient and Cancer registers. Their medical records were reviewed and a root-cause analysis and a sub-categorization according to the World Endoscopic Organization (WEO) were performed.

Results
Of 24 patients with CD and PCCRC in the rectum, 79% were men and the median age was 50 (IQR 45–59) years. The median disease duration was 21.5 (IQR 19–30) years. The cancer was located in the distal 5 cm of the rectum in 63% of the cases. Retroversion in the rectum was reported in only one case. The most common plausible explanation for PCCRC was ‘possible missed lesion, prior examination adequate’ (63%); when adding retroversion in the rectum, instead 77% of examinations were considered negative but deemed as inadequate. The most common PCCRC sub-category was non-interval type C (54%) and B (37%). Among those with type C, 38% should have been included in surveillance according to present guidelines.

Conclusion
Better adherence to surveillance guidelines and more meticulous follow-up is warranted. The importance of performing rectal palpation and retroversion in the rectum is underscored and we suggest that this is included in the WEO algorithm.
A nomogram for analyzing risk factors of poor treatment response in patients with autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu Hui , Wang Peng , Wang Yuqi , Yi Yunyun , Li Xin 
Published: November 2023

Objective
The objective of this study was to identify biochemical and clinical predictors of poor response (including incomplete response and non-response) to standard treatment in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients.

Methods
This study retrospectively collected clinical data from 297 patients who were first diagnosed with AIH in Beijing Ditan Hospital from 2010 to 2019. Finally, 149 patients were screened out. Risk factors were screened by univariate and multifactorial logistic regression. Then they were used to establish the nomogram. The ROC curve, calibration curve, decision curves analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curves (CIC) were used to evaluate the nomogram.

Results
149 patients were divided into two groups: the response group (n = 120, 80%) and the poor response group (n = 29, 20%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that IgG > 26.5 g/L (OR: 22.016; 95% CI: 4.677–103.640) in AIH patients increased the risk. In contrast, treatment response status was better in women (OR: 0.085; 95% CI: 0.015–0.497) aged >60 years (OR: 0.159; 95% CI: 0.045–0.564) with AST > 4.49 × ULN (OR: 0.066; 95% CI: 0.009–0.494). The C index (0.853) and the calibration curve show that the nomogram is well differentiated and calibrated; the DCA and CIC indicate that the model has good clinical benefits and implications.

Conclusion
The study found that male patients aged ≤ 60 years with IgG > 26.5 g/L and elevated AST ≤ 4.49 × ULN were more likely to have a non-response/incomplete response to standard treatment.
A novel risk score model of esophageal stricture for patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Yan Jin , Yang Zhen , Gao Li , He Lu , Chen Meihong , Ding Hailong , Shen Rongrong , Gong Yaoyao , Zhang Guoxin 
Published: November 2023

Background and purpose
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a promising technique for superficial esophageal lesions. However, stricture is a frequent adverse complication. This study was performed to develop a precise and convenient score prediction model for esophageal strictures after ESD, and compare its efficacy with a previously published predictive model.

Methods
This study enrolled clinical data of patients who underwent esophageal ESD for superficial esophageal lesions. Possible risk factors for esophageal stricture were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Then we developed a prediction model according to the Framingham system for the first time and presented a convenient table containing the risk probability for each patient. In addition, we validated our score model and the previously published model in our center.

Results
A total of 838 patients were enrolled in this study and 6 variables, including age, surgery time, location of the lesion, circumference of the lesion, longitudinal resection length, and depth of infiltration were comprised in the score model. The total score ranged from 0 to 16 points and the risk probability was presented in one concise table for each patient. Areas under receiver-operator characteristic curves for the prediction model were 0.715 in derivation group and 0.804 in validation group.

Conclusion
We designed and validated a prediction score model for esophageal stricture after ESD, which can be applied conveniently to stratify the stricture risk after esophageal ESD and may facilitate appropriate clinical decision-making for these patients.
The Price of Practice Change
Authors: Lehman Valerie E.R. , Siegel Joanna E. , Chiang Ethan N. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Clinicians, health care administrators, and implementation scientists know that it takes intentional effort, resources, and implementation strategies to integrate research findings into routine clinical practice. An oft-cited concern for those considering whether and how to implement an evidence-based program is how much it will cost to implement the change. Yet information about the cost of implementation is not often available to health care decision-makers. Teams that received Implementation Award funding from PCORI are conducting implementation projects to promote the uptake of evidence-based practices in health care settings. As part of their implementation efforts, a number of teams have examined the costs of implementation. In this Topical Collection, 5 teams will report their findings on implementation costs and discuss their methods for data collection and analysis.

Discussion:
The teams’ costing efforts provide specific information about the costs sites can expect to incur in promoting the uptake of specific evidence-based programs. In addition, the papers illuminate 3 key features of the teams’ approaches to measuring the cost of implementation: (1) the use of specific micro-costing methods with time-driven activity-based costing serving as the most popular method; (2) different ways to categorize and organize costs, including a site-based and non-site-based framework; and (3) cost collection challenges experienced by the teams.

Conclusion:
The cost of implementation is a critical consideration for organizations seeking to improve practice in accordance with research findings. This Topical Collection describes detailed approaches to providing this type of cost information and highlights insights to be gained from a rigorous focus on implementation cost.
Prevalence of Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections in a Population-Representative Sample of Young Adults in a High HIV Incidence Area in South Africa
Authors: Jarolimova Jana , Chidumwa Glory , Chimbindi Natsayi , Okesola Nonhlanhla , Dreyer Jaco , Smit Theresa , Seeley Janet , Harling Guy , Copas Andrew , Baisley Kathy , Shahmanesh Maryam ,   the Isisekelo Research Group, Herbst (Carina , McGrath Nuala , Zuma Thembelihle , Khoza Thandeka , Behuhuma Ngundu , Bassett Ingrid V. , Sherr Lorraine 
Published: November 2023

Background
Recent population-representative estimates of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence in high HIV burden areas in southern Africa are limited. We estimated the prevalence and associated factors of 3 STIs among adolescents and young adults (AYA) in rural South Africa.

Methods
Between March 2020 and May 2021, a population-representative sample of AYA aged 16 to 29 years were randomly selected from a Health and Demographic Surveillance Site in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, for a 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial. Participants in 2 intervention arms were offered baseline testing for gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis using GeneXpert. Prevalence estimates were weighted for participation bias, and logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with STIs.

Results
Of 2323 eligible AYA, 1743 (75%) enrolled in the trial. Among 863 eligible for STI testing, 814 (94%) provided specimens (median age of 21.8 years, 52% female, and 71% residing in rural areas). Population-weighted prevalence estimates were 5.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.2%–5.8%) for gonorrhea, 17.9% (16.5%–19.3%) for chlamydia, 5.4% (4.6%–6.3%) for trichomoniasis, and 23.7% (22.2%–25.3%) for any STI. In multivariable models, female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.24; 95% CI, 1.48–3.09) and urban/periurban (vs. rural) residence (aOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.02–2.15) were associated with STIs; recent migration was associated with lower odds of STI (aOR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.15–0.89). Among those with an STI, 53 (31.0%) were treated within 7 days; median time to treatment was 11 days (interquartile range, 6–77 days).

Conclusions
We identified a high prevalence of curable STIs among AYA in rural South Africa. Improved access to STI testing to enable etiologic diagnosis and rapid treatment is needed.
Advantages of a High-Powered Ultrasonic Vibration Cutting Device for Orthognathic Surgeries
Authors: Sato Akimitsu , Imai Yoshimichi 
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the advantages of using a high-powered ultrasonic vibration cutting device (HP-UVCD) in orthognathic surgeries. We analyzed 22 consecutive patients who underwent Le FortⅠosteotomy and bilateral sagittal split osteotomies for cleft lip and palate. We used conventional power instruments, such as reciprocating saws and rotating burrs in the first 10 patients, and an HP-UVCD in the remaining 12 patients. Surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative inferior alveolar nerve affection were retrospectively investigated. The surgical time in the ultrasonic group (223±12.217 min) was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group (278±11.153 min, P=0.008). The amount of intraoperative blood loss in the ultrasonic group was an average of 230±45.154 g, and that in the conventional group was an average of 343±49.463 g. Although the blood loss in the ultrasonic group was reduced compared with that in the conventional group, this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.118). All patients in both groups recovered normal sensation by 6 months postoperatively. Our findings suggest that the HP-UVCD can be used in place of a reciprocating saw or rotating burrs in orthognathic surgeries, resulting in reduced surgical time and minimal blood loss. The use of an ultrasonic bone-cutting device may allow for a safer and less invasive orthognathic surgery.
Associated Risk Factors for Extended Length of Stay Following Cranial Vault Remodeling for Craniosynostosis: Analysis of the 2012 to 2021 NSQIP-Pediatric Database
Authors: Hengartner Astrid C. , Serrato Paul , Sayeed Sumaiya , Prassinos Alexandre J. , Alperovich Michael , DiLuna Michael , Elsamadicy Aladine A. 
Published: November 2023

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with extended length of stay (LOS) for pediatric patients with craniosynostosis undergoing cranial vault remodeling (CVR).

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was performed using the 2012 to 2021 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric database. Pediatric patients below 2 years old with craniosynostosis who underwent CVR were identified using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases-9/10 codes. Patients were dichotomized according to whether they encountered an extended postoperative hospital LOS, which was defined as LOS greater than the 75th percentile for the entire cohort (4 days). Patient demographics, comorbidities, intraoperative variables, postoperative adverse events, and health care resource utilization were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify predictors of prolonged LOS.

Results:
In our cohort of 9784 patients, 1312 (13.4%) experienced an extended LOS. The extended LOS cohort was significantly older than the normal LOS cohort (normal LOS: 225.1±141.8 d vs. extended LOS: 314.4±151.7 d, P<0.001) and had a smaller proportion of non-Hispanic white patients (normal LOS: 70.0% vs. extended LOS: 61.2%, P<0.001). Overall, comorbidities and adverse events were significantly higher in the extended LOS cohort than the normal LOS cohort. On multivariate logistic regression, independent associations of extended LOS included age, race and ethnicity, weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, impaired cognitive status, structural pulmonary abnormalities, asthma, and neuromuscular disorders.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that age, race, comorbidities, and perioperative complications contribute to extended LOS after CVR for craniosynostosis. Further investigations to further elucidate the risk factors of extended LOS is warranted to optimize patient outcomes.