bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Carbon Footprint in Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (MIPA), University of Hasanuddin
Authors: Harusi N M R , Zakaria R , Aly S H , Andry A D Z 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
University of Hasanuddin is one of the largest campuses in Sulawesi which has 15 faculties. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences is one of the faculties that has complex activities in lecture activities and campus operations. All activities that take place produce a carbon footprint that can affect Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Therefore, this study aims to identify activities that generate a carbon footprint and analyze the burden of carbon footprint emissions and see the trend of the relationship between the number of activities and carbon footprint emissions. For data collection techniques by direct observation, interviews and questionnaires which will later be analyzed using the Tier 1 method based on the IPCC 2006. From the analysis results show that the total carbon footprint emission produced at this faculty is 213,778.33 KgCO2-e/year. The activity that produces the most carbon footprint emissions is electricity consumption, which is 206,085.79 KgCO2-e/year with a total consumption of 756,937.99 kWh/year. While the activity that produces the least carbon footprint emissions is the use of paper as much as 921.69 KgCO2-e/year with a total usage of 1,254 kg/year. For the trend of the relationship between the number of activities and carbon footprint emissions, the trend obtained is that the more activities that take place, the higher the carbon footprint produced will also be. However, there is a different phenomenon, namely the value of LPG consumption is less than the value of paper usage as much as 165 kg/year and 1.254 per year. However, the largest carbon footprint emission value is the use of LPG. This happens because the emission factor owned by the LPG source is greater than the paper source. It is hoped that this research can contribute to policy making at the University level. your abstract here…
Harnessing The Potential Of Nanobiopesticides With Plant Extracts: A Review
Authors: Irma Suryani A. , Daud Itji Diana , Melina  , Dewi Vien Sartika , Sari Dian Ekawati , Sulfiani  , Putri Suriati Eka , Hasri  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article aims to provide an overview of nanobiopesticides as a promising solution for sustainable and environmentally friendly pest control in agriculture. These formulations combine nanotechnology and biopesticides derived from plant extracts. The synthesis and characterization of plant extract-based pesticide nanoparticles are found to be more effective than using biopesticides alone. In this review, first, we examine the literature on the use of biopesticides, including both plant extract-based pesticides and biopesticides from microorganisms. Moreover, we review several studies on the combination of plant extract-based pesticides and biopesticides to enhance biopesticide efficacy. Finally, we discuss nanobiopesticides in supporting sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture by utilizing biopesticides based on nanoparticles. Overall, this review highlights the promising prospects of plant extract-based nanobiopesticides and underscores their potential as effective and sustainable alternatives for pest management in modern agriculture.
Detection of subsurface water pipeline under SZJT Track Using Ground-Penetrating Radar Method
Authors: Mariyanto Mariyanto , Parnadi Wahyudi W , Ramadhan Rayhan Farisi , Rochman JPGN , Zulaikah Siti 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Surabaya’s public facilities and rapid infrastructure development will change the physical environment and require careful attention in all aspects of development. One aspect is the location determination of subsurface objects such as gas pipes, electrical cable lines, and water pipes. Lack of pipeline management and mapping can fail underground pipeline identification during excavation. The subsurface water pipe is one of the most important things to support people’s needs. Knowing the location of these pipes is essential for government agencies in carrying out maintenance, pipeline development, and repair activities. We identified the subsurface water pipeline using the Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) method. It is because of a non-destructive working type and very well applied in investigating underground infrastructure with significant electromagnetic contrast with the surrounding soil. We conducted this research around Surabaya Zoo and Joyoboyo Terminal (SZJT) track. We conducted data acquisition with the GPR GSSI SIR-3000 system with a shielded antenna frequency of 270 MHz on 21 measurement lines (JB07 to JB27). The aim is to determine the location, depth, and structure of the subsurface water pipeline at the research location. We processed the measurement data using MatGPR R-3.1 software by adjusting signal position, dc removal, dewow, median filter, inverse amplitude decay, background removal, K-L filter, bandpass filter, and time-to-depth conversion. We conducted 2-D and 2.5-D modeling to visualize the water pipeline. A hyperbolic anomaly, suspected to be a water pipe, is detected from the presence of high amplitude at a depth of 1 – 2 meters, which we saw in almost every line with velocity values from 0.0609 - 0.113 m/ns and dielectric constant value of 7.05 – 24.27. The 2.5-D modeling shows that the water pipeline continues from the research location’s south (Surabaya River) to the north.
Identification of Moho Discontinuity Depth and Subduction Slab in Bengkulu and South Sumatra Region using Receiver Function Method: A Preliminary Result
Authors: Ariyanto P , Al-Hakim A A B , Pranata B , Daryono  , Adi S P 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bengkulu and South Sumatra regions are areas with high seismic activity due to faults and subduction zones. This study aims to analyze the depth of the Moho discontinuity layer and subduction slab under 4 BMKG seismic stations that form a perpendicular line of trench in the Bengkulu and South Sumatra areas. The distribution of stations used are Enggano Station (EGSI) in the front arc islands, Manna Station (MNAI) in the front arc basin, Pagar Alam Station (PKSI) in the volcanic-arc zone, and Lahat Station (LHSI) in the proto-volcanic zone. We selected teleseismic earthquake data with a distance of 30°-90° from the stations and magnitudes above 6 (M>6). For the identification of Moho and slab depths, we used analysis of receiver functions with iterative time domain deconvolution and migration of receiver functions with the AK-135 velocity model. The Oceanic Moho layer and the subduction slab under the EGSI Station were identified at depths of 34 km and 23 km respectively, under the MNAI Station the Moho layer and the subduction slab were identified at a depth of 18 km and 87 km respectively, under the PKSI Station the Moho layer and the subduction slab were identified at a depth of 34 km and 129 km respectively, and under the LHSI Station the Moho layer and subduction slab were identified at depths of 35 km and 175 km respectively.
Identification of Geothermal System in Cisolok, West Java based on the Correlation of Gravity Method, ADMT (Active Directory Magnetotelluric), and Drill Log Data
Authors: Puspitasari A S , Permana N R , Gunawan B , Primastika A A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Indonesia has 40% geothermal potential of the world’s geothermal potential. One proof of its potential is in Cisolok, West Java. The method used in this study is the gravity method from 2013 GGMPlus satellite with First Horizontal Derivative (FHD) analysis which is correlated with ADMT and drill log data. Based on overlaid between Land Surface Temperature (LST) map and residual anomaly map, Cisolok has a temperature of around 23.8 – 26.5 °C. These correlations describe the normal fault structure in the south that controls the Cisolok geothermal system. The results of the 3D inversion modeling show alternating layers of tuff, tuff breccia and silt as a cap rock with a density contrast of 0 – 0.2 gr/cc at a depth of 0 – 325 m, thick limestone layers with a density contrast of -0.1 – (-0.05) gr/cc at a depth of 325 – 700 m, and a layer of granodiorite rock as an intrusion body with a density contrast of -0.2 – (-0.15) gr/cc at a depth of 700 – 900 m. Based on the results obtained, it can be proven that the gravity method and the ADMT method have a fairly good correlation in geothermal exploration activities.
Identification of Geothermal System Structure Based on Derivative Analysis and 3D Model of Gravity Satellite Data of Mount Rajabasa Area, South Lampung
Authors: Restiana Andini , Zani Fardhan Rafshan , Wardhianty Nabila Firya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndonesia has the second largest geothermal potential with 40% (24 GigaWatt) or 331 points of geothermal reserve locations, this is because Indonesia is traversed by the ring of fire so there are many volcanoes in Indonesia. One of the areas is the Rajabasa Mountain, located in the south of Lampung Regency, with the manifestation of thermal springs and fumaroles. This study aims to provide information related to the existence of geothermal potential using the gravity method, find out the subsurface structure using the First Horizontal Derivative (FHD), Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) methods and conduct 3D modelling. Based on the FHD and SVD analysis, four faults controlling the geothermal system were obtained, distributed in the Northwest – Southeast direction in the form of shear faults, and North-South in the form of normal faults with high anomaly values on residual maps of suspected lava rock intrusions. The 3D modelling results obtained indicate the presence of clay rock which is assumed to be caprock with a density of 2.5 – 2.58 gr/cc at a depth of up to ± 1500 m, and andesite rock which is suspected to be a reservoir with a density of 2.64 – 2.7 gr/cc at a depth of 750 – 2000 m.
The importance of detail fault geometry in modelling the stress change caused by large earthquake: Case Study of 2017 Mw 6.7 Poso earthquake
Authors: Razin T , Rafie M T , Massinai M A , Hamzah M A , Syamsuddin E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One of the criteria that can describe the stress condition under which a fault can rupture is the Coulomb Failure Criterion. One technique to calculate the Coulomb Failure Stress (∆CFS) is through the specified orientation approach that requires the strike, dip, and rake of fault geometry parameters. Most studies use planar fault which could degrade the accuracy of the stress calculation. In this study, we present the fault model with variable geometry in order to produce a more detailed stress calculation. We implement the 2017 Mw 6.7 Poso earthquake to model the stress transfer into Poso Fault which has a bent geometry. We compare the stress result with three different cases: planar and curve fault geometries. The result from curve fault geometries is sufficiently different than using the former one. The Coulomb stress distribution is generated in a more detail way when using multi-strike geometry as this parameter is more sensitive to the Coulomb stress change calculation. As demonstrated from this study, fault geometry plays an important role in the Coulomb stress imparted to highly orientated faults.
Oil volumetric calculations of Kujung Formation in the North East Java Basin based on 3D static modelling using geostatistical approach and additional control variable
Authors: Aprina P U , Setiawan M , Miarso T , Dahrin D , Ferucha I 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Carbonate rock is known as the leading oil and gas reservoir such as Kujung Formation in the North East Java Basin which has been proven to produce fossil energy since 2002. The extended time of oil and gas production needs to be reconsidered by investigating reservoir conditions. The 3D static modelling is constructed by integrating seismic, well log, and geological data using the geostatistical approach to delineate the petrophysical properties which can represent the reservoir heterogeneity. Oil and gas volumetric are calculated by two different techniques. First, the Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS) algorithm is used to distribute petrophysical properties, in particular porosity and water saturation with seismic and well log as controlling data. Similar to SGS algorithm, the other method involves AI Cube in co-kriging operation as a secondary variable for generating the porosity ratio. The oil and gas volume estimation using 3D static modelling has been done by integrating co-kriging operation and SGS algorithm establishes higher volumetric value than calculation merely involve SGS algorithm. The higher volumetric value from the combination method is more reliable due to the calculation having various variables that influence the result. The outcome of this research is perchance to beused as field development reference.
Soil dynamic response mapping and vulnerability analysis of earthquake hazard in Banda Aceh using HVSR method
Authors: Fadhilah Firda Haifa , Yudistira Tedi , Tohari Adrin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Banda Aceh is a city with a high level of seismicity and earthquake risk. The seismicity level is mainly caused by two Sumatran Fault segments, i.e., the Aceh and Seulimeum Segments. Soft alluvium deposits aggravate the earthquake hazard in Banda Aceh. The presence of soft alluvium layers above the more rigid soil layer will cause earthquake wave amplification. This amplification phenomenon can increase the amplitude and energy of earthquake waves, making the earthquake more destructive.
Therefore, dynamic response mapping and subsurface structure modeling are required to determine the soil characteristics of the research area. Such information is needed for the infrastructure and planning development of Banda Aceh City. This study obtained the subsurface model from microtremor data and a sequence of processing and modeling techniques. The process uses the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio method (HVSR). The resonance frequency and amplification values are identified from the ratio between the horizontal and vertical spectrum components depicted in the HVSR curves. Based on the obtained results, Banda Aceh has a predominant frequency values range of 0.54-11.72 Hz and an amplification range of 1.22-6.26. Low predominant frequency is mainly located in the study area’s southeast and center, which is associated with large sediment thickness. Meanwhile, high amplification values are mainly located on the study area’s southeast, middle, and northwest sides, which are associated with increased sediment depth and geological features in the form of swamp sediment. Then the value of seismic vulnerability (Kg
) can be obtained based on the predominant frequency and amplification value. In this study, the value of seismic vulnerability ranges between 0.72-31.77 area with relatively high vulnerability values in the middle, southeast, south, and southwest of the study area.
Revealing subsurface structure at the former municipal solid waste disposal site Leuwi Gajah of Cimahi Town by using geophysical data: a preliminary result
Authors: Salam Abdul , Parnadi Wahyudi W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Municipal solid waste disposal site Leuwi Gajah, situated in Cimahi, is near Bandung City. It was a vast open dumping site closed in 2006 due to a harmful geological hazard in 2005, causing hundreds of victims’ deaths. After 16 years of the tragedy, Bandung local government planned for the former municipal solid waste to become a food field with high technology that benefits the community around the area. We applied the Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) technique to image the study area’s subsurface structure as a non-invasive geophysical method. We collected apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) and apparent susceptibility data from the study site in a gridded pattern to map their distribution using EM-38 MK-2 technology. We chose three sites to map those parameter values: site 1, site 2, and site 3. Site 1 is cassava cultivation land by the community. Site 2 is the boundary between former waste and non-waste land, and site 3 is the same land as site 1 but has a steeper slope (20°). The selection of sites 1 and 3 compares land at higher and lower elevations affected by the former landfill landslide. Site 2 shows the difference in characteristics between waste and non-waste land.
Our research in the study area delivers good results. First, we can identify the boundaries of waste and non-waste material, as shown in the low susceptibility value at site 2. This identification is probably related to the thermo-remanent magnetization that results from burning waste. On the other hand, water content influences the distribution of ECa values. Moreover, topography has effects that cause water accumulation in certain areas at sites 1 and 3. These findings recommend using other geophysical methods to detect the boundary between the waste deposit body and underlying bedrock and to characterize the waste body.
Prediction of Compressional Slowness from Conventional Well Log Data using the Gradient Boosting Algorithm
Authors: Utama Widya , Komara Eki , Garini Sherly Ardhya , Rasif Nahari , Insani Alif Nurdien Fitrah , Jabar Omar Abdul , Rosandi Yudi , Hakam Abdul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Compressional slowness (DTCO) is the most basic parameter in geophysics, petrophysics, and geomechanics. These parameters can be obtained through the sonic log tool. However, equipment constraints, relatively new technology, and high cost of measurement make the parameters generated by sonic logs unavailable in old wells or wells being developed. Therefore, it is essential to predict sonic logs, especially in the case of compressional slowness prediction. Using machine learning, predictions can be generated by studying data on existing log wells. One of the algorithms that can produce predictions on continuous data, such as log values, is gradient boosting. MAPE and RMSE were used as evaluation metrics. The inputs used are gamma ray log data (GR), density (RHOB), porosity (NPHI), and shear slowness (DTSM). MAPE results show an error value of 12.28% with an RMSE of 10.74, indicating that the predictive model obtained has good results and performance. Using hyperparameter tuning in machine learning can reduce the error rate by 2.29% with faster processing times. In addition, it was found that the quantity of training wells can affect the resulting error value. The existence of this research can help a petrophysicist, geologist, and geophysicist characterize a reservoir with limited data. The use of this method also has the potential to be an alternative solution when sonic log measurements are expensive.
Preliminary Result of Swarm Activities in Toba Region Using Dense Temporary Network
Authors: Nadia Mustika , Simanjuntak Andrean V H , Arifullah A , Sugiyanto Didik , Muksin Umar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
For the first time, an earthquake swarm occurred in 2021 in Lake Toba (Indonesia), one of the largest calderas in the world. Although the earthquakes were located in the volcanic environment, the swarm activities could be related to the tectonic activities from the Sumatra fault system. The swarm activities occurred at a very shallow depth and were felt with the intensity of II–IV MMI by local people. The objective of this research was to investigate the characteristics of the earthquake swarm in the Toba Caldera from the waveforms recorded by temporary stations in March – June 2021. A total of 26 seismic stations were deployed for two months in May and June 2021. Automatic detection of seismic waves is important because it can be used for earthquake early warning systems and speeds up analysis of origin time, P-, and S arrival times, and earthquake locations. We found characteristics of spectrum waveform from low to high frequency of a non-swarm earthquake, while high frequency seismograms were generated by the swarm earthquake. Furthermore, we successfully captured the hypocentre that was distributed in the SW – NE direction and may figure out the unknown geological system that is responsible for the swarm activities.
Crustal Thickness and Vp/Vs Ratio Determination beneath Tangkuban Parahu Volcano, West Java, Indonesia using Receiver Function Analysis
Authors: Syafawi I. , Nugraha A. D. , Zulfakriza  , Priyono A. , Lesmana A. , Sahara D. P. , Nanang T.P. , Basuki A. , Kristianto K. , Martanto M. , Muttaqy F. , Syahbana D.K. , Puteri M.F.D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Tangkuban Parahu, an active stratovolcano located approximately 15 km north of Bandung City in Indonesia, is the focal point of this study. The research aims to examine seismic structures within the crust beneath the Tangkuban Parahu Complex. To accomplish this, a teleseismic receiver function method was employed, utilizing broadband seismic stations along a seismological profile within the Tangkuban Parahu Volcano area. Waveform data were collected during the period from October 24, 2021, to March 31, 2022, for analysis. Various seismic wave phases, including P, Ps, PpPs, and PsPs, were identified in the recorded waveforms, within a time window extending from -2 seconds before the onset of the P-wave to 20 seconds after its onset. The analysis and modelling were conducted using the H-κ stacking receiver function technique. The findings of the H-κ stacking receiver function revealed notable variations in crustal structures, encompassing crustal thickness and the average crustal composition, as indicated by the Vp/Vs ratio, within the Tangkuban Parahu Volcano area. Preliminary results suggest that the crust beneath Tangkuban Parahu, estimated based on data from single seismic station, possesses a thickness of approximately 32.3 km, with a corresponding Vp/Vs ratio of around 1.746.
Preliminary Result: Analysis of Dominant Frequency in Western Part of Java, Indonesia using Hilbert-Huang Transform-HVSR Method
Authors: Widityani N A , Nugraha A D , Zulfakriza  , Rosalia S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The western part of Java is situated near various geological formations stemming from the collision between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates. These formations include the Java Trench, Sunda Strait, and several active onshore faults, rendering the area susceptible to seismic activity. The dynamic response of the soil to seismic shaking in this region warrants thorough investigation, particularly due to the prevalence of alluvium deposits in certain areas, which have the potential to amplify ground motion. In this research endeavor, seismic data recorded by 81 temporary seismic stations in West Java were utilized. The analysis employed the Hilbert-Huang Transform technique in conjunction with the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method to derive the Horizontal-to-Vertical (H/V) spectral response curve for each measurement point. The implementation of the Hilbert-Huang Transform served the purpose of mitigating non-stationary transient noise commonly encountered in urban measurements, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the HVSR curve in portraying the dominant frequency characteristics of the measurement area. The findings of this study reveal that within the western part of Java, the dominant frequency values fall within the range of 0.9 to 7 Hz. Areas exhibiting lower dominant frequencies are indicative of a greater sediment thickness, predominantly observed in the northern region of the western part of Java, the Bandung Basin, some areas surrounding active volcanoes as well as various locales within the province of Banten.