bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pembuatan Tepung Telur Ayam (Gallus gallus. D) Asin Rebus
Authors: Andriyani Yulita Andina , Tamrin Tamrin , Kuncoro Sapto , Warji Warji 
Published: January 2024

Chicken eggs are a food that is very rich in nutrients, including protein (12.8%) and fat (11.8%). The high levels of water, fat and protein in eggs can make them a good medium for bacterial growth. Quality deterioration in eggs can be prevented by using egg preservation methods, namely drying eggs into egg powder or flour. Chicken eggs are still very limited and inefficient processing to be used as salted egg flour. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the manufacture of boiled salted chicken egg flour (Gallus gallus. D). This research was conducted to study the making of boiled salted chicken egg flour and understand the characteristics by taking measurements on whole eggs, egg whites, and yolks using the proximate test method, measurement of fineness, and color test. This research was conducted using a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model consisting of 6 testing factors (T) and (A), namely: T1 whole unsalted chicken eggs, T2 white unsalted chicken eggs, T3 yellow unsalted chicken eggs, A1 whole salted chicken eggs, A2 white salted chicken eggs, and A3 yellow salted chicken eggs. The research results of salted chicken egg flour making is a process that involves drying salted eggs and grinding them into flour form. The preparation of salted egg flour showed that the difference between regular chicken eggs and salted chicken eggs, which resulted, affected the proximate properties and had a noticeable impact on the nutritional composition and physical properties of the egg flour produced, while the moisture content was not significantly different. Keywords: Chicken Egg Flour, Egg Preservation, Proximate Properties, Salted Eggs.
Analisis Ergonomika Bagian Penghancur pada Mesin Pencacah Pakan Ternak Multiguna
Authors: Rahman Oktawati , Suharyatun Siti , Asmara Sandi , Warji Warji 
Published: January 2024

The agricultural machinery use can increase time and labor efficiency compared to traditional agricultural systems. One of the agricultural machines that is widely used in the livestock sector is the multi-purpose animal feed chopper machine. This machine has two parts with different functions. The chopper section is used to chop long-shaped animal feed, the crusher section is used to crush short-shaped animal feed, for example corn cobs. Machines can work optimally if the design considers ergonomic principles so that they can be operated safely and comfortably. Operating the machine safely and comfortably for the operator can increase the productivity of machine performance. This research goal was to analyze the ergonomics of multi-purpose animal feed chopping machines in the crushing section. The research used quantitative methods supported by literature studies. The research parameters consisted of Standing Finger Tip Height (TJUB), Standing Vertical Reach (JVB), Standing Horizontal Reach (JHB), recommended load limit data (RWL), work fatigue level, equipment noise, environmental temperature, and body posture measurements using REBA method. The research results stated that the crushing input on the multipurpose animal feed chopper machine was classified as ergonomic with an input height of 140 cm, between P95 TUJB (68.8 cm) and P5 JVB (183.5 cm). Machine operation did not cause fatigue with a CVL value ≤ 30%, RWL value 5.55 kg, Noise level 98.91 dBA. The environmental temperature suitable for operating the machine in the morning was (29.1oC) and in the afternoon was (28.6 oC). The operator's body posture measurement using REBA was at a moderate level (score 5). It is recommended modifying the machine design to improve the safety and comfortness of the operator when operating the crushing part. Keywords: Anthropometry, CVL, Physical Environment, REBA, RWL
Cultivation of Green Mustard Greens (Brassica juncea L.) on Marginal Land
Authors: Sari Mey Yuni Mustika , Amien Elhamida Rezkia , Ridwan Ridwan , Amin Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

The research aims to determine the type of fertilizer and watering intensity that can provide optimal and effective growth and production of green mustard greens. The study was conducted in the Greenhouse of the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Lampung. It utilized a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) arranged in a factorial 2 x 3 with three replications. The first factor was the application of fertilizer types, consisting of urea and ghally organic fertilizer. The second factor was the application of watering intensity, which included three levels (watering once a day, every two days, and every three days). The study used sand as the planting medium. The results showed that, in general, the treatment of watering once a day and the application of urea fertilizer provided optimum results in the growth and development of green mustard greens. Meanwhile, the application of ghally organic fertilizer was more efficient in terms of water consumption for green mustard greens. Keywords: Fertilizer Type, Green Mustard Greens, Marginal Land, Sand, Watering Intensity
Studi Perencanaan Irigasi DAS Malaya di Kecamatan Lemong Kabupaten Pesisir Barat Provinsi Lampung Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis
Authors: Wicaksono Steffanus Adrian Wibowo , Ridwan Ridwan , Asmara Sandi 
Published: January 2024

Pesisir Barat Regency has large land potential in agriculture sector, especially for rice cultivation, including in the administrative area of Lemong District. To increase the productivity of paddy fields at Lemong District, it is necessary to analyze the irrigation water needs. Therefore, research was carried out on the analysis of rice irrigation water needs and the river water discharge needed for irrigation. The research was carried out in analysis stages including analysis of water balance using SWAT models which is integrated in the geographic information system, analysis of plant water needs, analysis of water irrigation needs, minimum discharge needed for land irrigation and analysis of water resource adequacy. The research result show that the potential water resource in Lemong District can meet the irrigation water needs of rice cultivation in two planting seasons with coverrage area that can be developed of 76.42 hectares. Meanwhile, in the third planting season for planting of secondary crops, the potential of river discharge is only sufficient for 19 hectares and in order for the target planting area of 76.42 hectares to be archieved it is necessery to add irrigation originating from ground water (pump irrigation) with discharge of 0.51 m3/sec. Keywords: Geographic information system, Irrigation, SWAT.
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Drying Using Hybrid Rack-Type Drying House
Authors: Pratama Aldi Yoga , Warji Warji , Amien Elhamida Rezkia , Tamrin Tamrin 
Published: January 2024

The objective of this research is to analyze the drying time of cloves using a hybrid rack-type drying house. The study was conducted for 60 days in Harapan Jaya Village, Wayratai Subdistrict, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung. The tools used include a rack-type drying house, Lux meter UT383, digital scale, grain moisture meter AR991, analog thermometer, hygrometer, and a gas stove. The tested material in this research was fresh cloves, amounting to 12.5 kg. The experimental method with two different treatments was employed in this study. Firstly, testing without additional energy was divided into drying using a drying house (using natural energy or sunlight) and sun drying without a drying house. Secondly, testing with additional energy included drying using a drying house with additional energy from sunlight and gas-fired heaters. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the time required to dry 22.5 kg of cloves to a moisture content of 12.5% is as follows (1) drying with a drying house using solar energy takes 180 hours (8 days), (2) drying with a hybrid drying house using solar energy and gas takes 132 hours (6 days), (3) sun drying using traditional methods (without a drying house) takes 162 hours (7 days). The hybrid drying house is suitable for the drying process in high-altitude areas or during cloudy or rainy weather, as it can continuously carry out the drying process, whether there is sunlight or not. Keywords: Cloves, Drying, Drying Time, Hybrid, Post-Harvest.
Determinan Pemilihan Karier dalam Bidang Akuntansi Pemerintahan: Studi Empiris Mahasiswa Akuntansi di Padang
Authors: Regina Henny Julia , Fauzihardani Eka 
Published: January 2024

The objective of this research was to examine the direct effect and indirect effect of the independent variables (influence of the third parties, anticipated conflict, and impostor syndrome) on the dependent variable (career selection in government accounting) through the intervening/mediating variable (career self-efficacy). The novelty of this research is combining SCCT and TPB by taking one component of those theories. To determine the sample, this research uses proportionate stratified random sampling. The respondents in this research were undergraduate accounting students force of 2018 to 2019 which is in 4 universities in Padang City (UNP, UNAND, UBH, and UPI) as many as 75 respondents. The data collection method used is a self-administered survey. The data in this research were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). The research findings indicated that the influence of the third parties has a positive significant effect on career selection in government accounting. The anticipated conflict has a negative significant effect on career selection in government accounting. Impostor syndrome has no significant effect on career selection in government accounting. Meanwhile, the influence of the third parties, anticipated conflict, and impostor syndrome mediated by career-self efficacy have no significant effect on career selection in government accounting.
Analisis Faktor Implementasi E-Government Di Kabupaten Jayawijaya Papua
Authors: Syarifah Syarifah , Muksin Dafrin , Fadlan Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

The development of e-government innovation in Indonesia in recent years has been initiated to create an integrated government system at both central and regional government levels. E-government has a very good impact on the implementation of government, namely the implementation of effective and efficient government. The aim of this research is to examine and analyze the factors that influence the implementation of e-government in the 3T Region of Jayawijaya Regency, Papua. This research using descriptive and qualitative methods. The sample in this study was 10 ASN in the Jayawijaya OPD and 100 Jayawijaya Regency residents. The indicators used are ease of access, always available, security and trust, integration, and cost. Based on data analysis, the results show that the indicators for ease of access, always available, security and trust, and integration received a poor rating. Then the implementation of e-government on cost indicators is felt to be cost-effective by the people of Jayawijaya Regency. Apart from that, it was found that there were 4 supporting factors and 6 inhibiting factors in implementing e-government. In this way, it is hoped that this research can be used as evaluation material in the implementation of e-government in the 3T Region of Jayawijaya Regency.
文人與義士之間：明代金華地區鄉賢編寫中的駱賓王
Authors: 許 建業 
Published: January 2024

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
元明時期，金華地區爲理學之重鎮，士人爲鄉賢撰寫傳記乃維繫鄉邦文化傳統的重要活動。鄉賢既是地方學術文化的代表，與他們相關的編寫某程度反映了風教之變化，也涉及地方崇祀鄉賢的機制。唐代詩人駱賓王是金華地區早期比較知名的文人，但其形象和地位到了明代中葉以後才得到肯定和提升。對於賓王書檄討武后一事，金華廟學公論、地方志傳鄉賢傳記等陸續將他由“作亂”改判“舉義”，又將其身分類目由“文人”轉爲“義士”。這除了見證胡應麟等金華後學爲其平反的努力外，同時反映明代中期以後文人之價值認同漸從道學鬆綁開來。在駱賓王的形象塑造背後，既有用以證明“文藝”可兼“器識”的觀點，卻又陷於“立身”還是“立言”才得以自樹的糾葛之中。剥離文學史視野而置於鄉賢編寫中的駱賓王，不單可看到金華文教風尚轉移的側影，更是明代文人自我價值與定位其中一個重要的討論場域。以上關於立言、文士等的價值争議，在在透露了文學批評研究對史料的運用和詮釋，拓闊了其考察的維度。
In the Yuan-Ming dynasties, the Jinhua region (in modern Zhejiang province) was a center of Neo-Confucianism. To maintain the cultural tradition of the place, scholars stressed the importance of writing biographies for local worthies, who represented the local intellectual culture. These narratives reflect the cultural norms and perceptions of the time, and, therefore, showcase how and why certain figures were praised and worshipped in a certain locale. The Tang Dynasty poet Luo Binwang (7th c.) was relatively well-known in the early Jinhua area. Nonetheless, his image and status had not been affirmed and promoted until mid-Ming times (16th c.). The public opinion on Luo Binwang’s denunciation of Empress Wu (r. 690 705) underwent significant changes over time: he was first considered a rebel, but was later seen as a righteous poet who upheld loyalty and integrity. The change was made possible due to the efforts of Hu Yinglin (1551-1602) and other Jinhua scholars. This reflects the gradual change in the literati’s value as Neo-Confucianism was no longer the only standard people would abide by after the mid-Ming. Behind the making of Luo Binwang’s image, scholars sought to prove that “literature and art” could be combined with “morality and talent.” But at the same time, the Ming literati struggled between the two ways of establishing oneself: “by virtue” or “by writing.” Luo Binwang, no longer viewed from the perspective of literary history, was then placed in the tradition of local worthies. This not only reflects the transition of Jinhua’s culture, but also serves as an important case study to examine how the literati assessed and positioned themselves in the Ming Dynasty. The aforementioned disputes on the value of writing and the literati demonstrate how the scope of study can be broadened by integrating history with the study of literary criticism.
宋人不言慶曆“新政”“新法”“變法”考———基於觀念史的個案研究
Authors: 馮 志弘 
Published: January 2024

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
宋人雖常以“新法”“變法”“新政”賅括熙豐政事，但未曾以這些詞彙歸納慶曆之政；當代文史著作常言“慶曆新政”，這説法卻不見於清代以前文獻，原因何在？本文考析宋人慶曆書寫，指出：（1）熙豐變法時期宋人從未直接比較范、王改革主張，也不曾認爲慶曆、熙寧更革是可比的對象，這些聯繫待朱熹而後始。今人或曰熙豐變法之時，慶曆革新派趨於保守，這固屬當代觀點，卻非宋人認識；（2）范仲淹故後，對其顯有貶評者只有梅堯臣、宋神宗、王安石三例，後二者對范的批評，反映熙豐變法主事者並不完全認同慶曆改革；（3）歐陽修等慶曆當事人認爲范仲淹改革失敗皆因“群言營營，卒壞於成”，可是徽宗朝以後卻出現“慶曆之治”説法，其内涵又被簡化爲仁宗能“開納直言，善御群臣，賢必進，邪必退”。這説法無法揭示慶曆之政真正特色，又故意忽略慶曆改革主事者因“衆訾成波，擠落在外”的事實，卻有利於范仲淹作爲忠義第一人形象的建立；（4）宋人從不曾認爲慶曆之政有違祖宗之法，這是宋人不言慶曆“新”政的根本原因。南宋以後論者以范仲淹爲“守我宋之家法者”，進一步確立這觀點。
When Song-Dynasty people summarized the political situation of the Xining (1068-1077) and Yuanfeng (1078-1085) eras, they used the terms “new laws,” “reform of laws,” and “new policies,” but the Qingli era (1041-1048) was never treated in the same way. The term “New Policies of the Qingli era” is commonly used in contemporary scholarship of Chinese history, but this term was not in existence in the literature before the Qing Dynasty. What is the reason for these phenomena? The present study analyzes Song people’s writing on Qingli and makes the following arguments:
(1) During the Xining-Yuanfeng reform, Song people had never directly compared the reformist advocacy of Fan Zhongyan (989 1052) and that of Wang Anshi (1021-1086), nor had they ever considered the Qingli and Xining-Yuanfeng reforms comparable, until Zhu Xi (1130-1200) made such a comparison. Today’s view that the Qingli reform advocacy was deemed conservative during the Xining-Yuanfeng reform movement was never so perceived by Song people. (2) After Fan’s death, he was explicitly criticized by Mei Yaochen (1002-1060), Emperor Shenzong of the Song (r. 1067 1085), and Wang Anshi only. The criticisms by the latter two indicate that the Xining-Yuanfeng reform leaders did not completely agree with the Qingli reform. (3) Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072) and the other leaders of the Qingli reform held that Fan’s failure was due to the extensive wave of criticisms the reform had triggered. However, during the reign of Emperor Huizong (r. 1100-1126), a positive view emerged, coming with it inarguable narratives that describe the reform as a sign of Emperor Renzong’s (r. 1022-1063) willingness to accept advice. Unable to reveal the Qingli reform’s true features, this opinion deliberately ignores the historical fact that the Qingli advocates were lambasted and thus demoted, but helps construct Fan’s personal image as a most loyal person. (4) Song people had never considered that the Qingli reform violated the ancestral custom of the Song Dynasty, and this is the very reason why they had never referred to it as “new policies.” This argument was further supported by the opinion of Southern Song critics, who viewed Fan as a protector of the traditional norms laid down by the ancestors of the Song Dynasty’s royal house.
朱惠國、余意、歐陽明亮：《民國詞集研究》
Authors: 馬 大勇 
Published: January 2024

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
以“民國文學”概念的生成拓展爲横坐標，以古典詩詞史的延伸承續爲縱坐標，近年來，民國舊體詩詞的研究漸呈上揚之勢。一方面，學界在文獻、理論兩大維度上都頗有獻替；另一方面，也確實存在著“求數量輕品質、重立論輕考辨的不良傾向”（頁20）。朱惠國先生主持詞學壇坫有年，在民國詞研究領域成果卓著。他與兩位年輕學者余意、歐陽明亮合著的《民國詞集研究》（以下稱“本書”）正是在這一背景下推出的又一優異成果，更不啻是針對當下某些粗疏浮躁學風敲響的一記清耳之鐘。(撮要取自內文首段)
王德威：《哈佛新編中國現代文學史》
Authors: 吕 文翠 , 徐 德明 
Published: January 2024

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
讀通《哈佛新編中國現代文學史》（以下簡稱《哈編》），須解字説文而取精用弘。
何爲解字、説文？解字以凸出該著作的關鍵字／要素，説文呈現王德威賦予這些詞彙以主體特質。標題中心詞“史”接受五重修飾，以史爲樞紐而限制詞由近及遠，層遞解字說文：史、文學、現代、中國、新編、哈佛。修飾詞蘊含豐厚，本文僅限於書中呈現的特别語義。(撮要取自內文首段)
Comparison of Eye Fatigue Incidence Between Male and Female Medical Students with Refraction Error
Authors: Wardana Made Kusuma , Permatananda Pande Ayu Naya Kasih , Sedani Ni Wayan , Cahyawati Putu Nita , Aryastuti Anak Agung Sri Agung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract—Eye fatigue is one of main problems faced by students during their education. The female gender is known to have a higher risk of eyestrain than the male gender. This study was conducted to analyze the differences in eyestrain event of medical students with refractive error based on gender. This research was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. Male and female students with refractive errors, aged 18-20 years old, and willing to participate in the study were included. Eyestrain was measured using Visual Fatigue Score questionnaire in Indonesian. Chi Square analysis was carried out to analyze the differences in eyestrain event of medical student with refractive error based on the gender. Results: There were 117 respondents in this study, which consisted of 57 male students and 57 female students, both were with refractive errors. Of the 117 respondents, 62 respondents experienced with eyestrain, with details of 24 were male students and 38 were female students. Chi Square analysis obtained a P value of 0.001 which means significantly different. In addition to refractive errors, gender is another variable that can affect the event of eyestrain in medical students. Prevention efforts need to be done to overcome this problem.
Keywords: eye fatigue, gender, refraction error, medical student

Abstrak—Kelelahan mata merupakan salah satu masalah utama yang dihadapi mahasiswa selama menjalani pendidikan. Jenis kelamin perempuan diketahui memiliki risiko kelelahan mata yang lebih tinggi daripada jenis kelamin laki-laki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kejadian kelelahan mata pada mahasiswa kedokteran dengan gangguan refraksi berbasis gender. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Mahasiswa atau mahasiswi kedokteran dengan gangguan refraksi, berusia 18-20 tahun, dan bersedia mengikuti penelitian dimasukkan ke dalam penelitian. Kelelahan mata diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner Visual Fatigue Score dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Analisis Chi Square dilakukan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kelelahan mata pada mahasiswa dan mahasiswi kedokteran dengan gangguan refraksi. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah 117 yang terdiri dari 57 mahasiswa dan 57 mahasiswi dengan gangguan refraksi. Dari 117 responden tersebut, 62 responden mengalami kelelahan mata, dengan rincian 24 adalah mahasiswa dan 38 adalah mahasiswi. Analisis Chi Square didapatkan nilai p= 0,001 yang berarti bermakna signifikan. Selain gangguan refraksi, gender adalah hal yang dapat berpengaruh pada kejadian kelelahan mata pada mahasiswa. Upaya pencegahan perlu dilakukan untuk dapat mengatasi hal tersebut.,
Kata kunci: kelelahan mata, gender, gangguan refraksi, mahasiswa kedokteran
Association between CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 Polymorphism, Metabolism, and Neurotoxicity after Administration of Phenytoin: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mardhiani Rizka , Harahap Yahdiana , Wiratman Winnugroho 
Published: January 2024

Abstract—Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug (AED) metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, especially by CYP2C9 (90%) and CYP2C19 (10%), where both enzymes are polymorphic so that they can undergo polymorphism and it can change the metabolic rate of the drug. Phenytoin is one of the drugs whose risk of side effects may increase due to its narrow therapeutic window of 10-20 µg/mL if the metabolism is slow. The main literature was taken from publications through the library databases in 2017 – 2021. Studies and reviews describing the metabolism, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms, and neurotoxicity of phenytoin were included, and unrelated research were excluded. There were 18 of 853 articles describing CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms, metabolism, and neurotoxicity events associated with phenytoin used. The authors conclude that based on the results from various literature, there is an association between CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 polymorphism, metabolism, and neurotoxicity after Phenytoin administration with CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 types of polymorphisms for CYP2C9 and CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 types for CYP2C19*3 enzymes which can slow down the phenytoin metabolism and increase its concentration in serum so that the risk of causing neurotoxicity.
Keywords: CYP2C9, CYP2C19,metabolism, neurotoxicity, phenytoin

Abstrak—Fenitoin merupakan obat antibangkitan yang dimetabolisme oleh enzim sitokrom P450 terutama oleh CYP2C9 (90%) dan CYP2C19 (10%), dimana kedua enzim tersebut bersifat polimorfik sehingga dapat mengalami polimorfisme dan dapat mempengaruhi laju metabolisme obat. fenitoin merupakan salah satu obat yang risiko efek sampingnya dapat meningkat jika metabolismenya lambat karena jendela terapeutiknya yang sempit, yaitu 10-20 µg/mL. Literatur utama diambil dari publikasi melalui database perpustakaan tahun 2017 – 2021. Penelitian dan ulasan yang menggambarkan metabolisme, polimorfisme CYP2C9 dan CYP2C19, dan neurotoksisitas fenitoin, dan penelitian yang tidak terkait dikeluarkan. Terdapat 18 dari 853 artikel yang menjelaskan polimorfisme CYP2C9 dan CYP2C19, metabolisme, dan kejadian neurotoksisitas terkait dengan fenitoin yang digunakan. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil dari berbagai literatur, terdapat hubungan antara polimorfisme, metabolisme, dan neurotoksisitas CYP2C9 dan CYP2C19 setelah pemberian fenitin dengan jenis polimorfisme CYP2C9*2 dan CYP2C9*3 untuk CYP2C9 dan CYP2C19*2 dan CYP2C19*3 jenis enzim CYP2C19*3 yang dapat memperlambat metabolisme fenitoin dan meningkatkan konsentrasinya dalam serum sehingga berisiko menyebabkan neurotoksisitas.
Kata kunci: CYP2C9, CYP2C19, fenitoin, metabolisme, neurotoksisitas