bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of Immobilized Copper Complex on Carbonaceous Materials: From Neutral Water to Seawater
Authors: Taechaworaphong Chamniphol , Juthathan Methasit , Thamyongkit Patchanita , Tuntulani Thawatchai , Leeladee Pannee 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an appealing strategy to utilize renewable electricity to produce green H2. Moreover, use of neutral‐pH electrolyte such as water and seawater for the HER has long been desired for eco‐friendly energy production that aligns with net zero emission goal. Herein, new heterogeneous catalysts were developed by dispersing an HER‐active copper complex containing N4‐Schiff base macrocycle (CuL) on carbonaceous materials, i. e. multi‐walled carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene oxide (GO), via non‐covalent interaction and investigated their HER performance. It was found that CuL/GO exhibited higher HER activity than CuL/CNT, possibly due to its significantly larger amount of CuL immobilized onto GO. In addition, CuL/GO showed satisfactory HER performance in a neutral (pH 7) NaCl electrolyte solution. Notably, the performances of CuL/GO were boosted up when performed in natural seawater sample with the faradaic efficiency of 70 % and 3 times higher amount of H2 at −0.6 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), in comparison to the HER in a NaCl electrolyte. Furthermore, it possessed a low overpotential of 139 mV at −10 mA/cm2. This demonstrated the potential use of CuL/GO as an effective HER catalyst in seawater for further sustainable development.
Exploring visual communication in corporate sustainability reporting: Using image recognition with deep learning
Authors: Nakao Yuriko , Ishino Aya , Kokubu Katsuhiko , Okada Hitoshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotographs and images in sustainability reports can affect readers' impressions of a company. This study conducts an exploratory analysis to investigate the impact of visual content on sustainability reporting and identify corporate reporting strategies. Using image recognition with deep learning technology, we analyse how 1025 global companies, publishing reports in English, incorporate images into their sustainability reports. The study also identifies factors influencing image selection and utilisation, assessing the images based on these factors' impact. Our findings highlight that economic development, cultural preferences and industry type contribute to variations in image usage. Moreover, these influences differ according to disclosure medium (i.e., integrated or sustainability reports), revealing industry‐specific image trends and providing insights into workforce characteristics. Leveraging deep learning, the study delves into facial expressions and demographic differences in the images, providing a comprehensive understanding of corporate communication strategies.
Time‐dependent risk of fracture in adults with type 2 diabetes receiving anti‐diabetic drug: A one‐stage network meta‐analysis
Authors: Shen Yanjiao , Shi Qingyang , Zou Xinyu , Meng Wentong , Tian Haoming , Du Liang , Li Sheyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsTo assess the time‐dependent risk of fracture in adults with type 2 diabetes receiving anti‐diabetic drugs.Materials and MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library up to 18 November 2021, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and propensity‐score‐matched non‐randomized studies (NRSs) comparing all anti‐diabetic drugs with standard treatment or with each other on fracture in adults with type 2 diabetes. The study performed a one‐stage network meta‐analysis using discrete‐time hazard regression with reconstructed individual time‐to‐event data.ResultsThis network meta‐analysis involved seven RCTs (65,051 adults with type 2 diabetes) with a median follow‐up of 36 months and three propensity‐score‐based NRSs (17,954 participants) with a median follow‐up of 27.3 months. Among anti‐diabetic drugs, thiazolidinediones increased the overall hazard of fracture by 42% (95% credible interval [CrI], 3%–97%) and almost tripled the risk after 4 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.74; 95% CrI, 1.53–4.80). Credible subgroup analysis suggested that thiazolidinediones increased the hazard of fracture only in females (HR, 2.19; 95% CrI, 1.26–3.74) but not among males (HR, 0.81; 95% CrI, 0.45–1.40). Moderate certainty evidence established that thiazolidinediones increase 92 fractures in five years per 1000 female patients. We did not find the risk of fractures with other anti‐diabetic drugs including metformin, sulfonylureas, sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors.ConclusionsLong‐term use of thiazolidinediones elevates the risk of fracture among females with type 2 diabetes. There is no evidence eliciting fracture risk associated with other anti‐diabetic drugs.
Donor fat‐to‐muscle ratio and kidney transplant outcomes: A proposition of metabolic memory
Authors: Kee Youn Kyung , Lee Juhan , Nam Bo Young , Joo Young Su , Kang Shin‐Wook , Huh Kyu Ha , Park Jung Tak 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsThe impact of donor abdominal fat‐to‐muscle ratio (FMR) on kidney transplant (KT) outcomes was assessed. Given the transient nature of the donor's metabolic environment in transplant recipients, this study investigated the capacity of body composition to induce metabolic memory effects.Materials and MethodsKT patients (n = 895) who received allografts from living donors (2003–2013) were included. Donor fat and muscle were quantified using pre‐KT abdominal computed tomography scans. Patients were categorised into donor FMR tertiles and followed up for graft outcomes. Additionally, genome‐wide DNA methylation analysis was performed on 28 kidney graft samples from KT patients in the low‐ and high‐FMR groups.ResultsMean recipient age was 42.9 ± 11.4 years and 60.9% were males. Donor FMR averaged 1.67 ± 0.79. Over a median of 120.9 ± 42.5 months, graft failure (n = 127) and death‐censored graft failure (n = 109) were more frequent in the higher FMR tertiles. Adjusted hazard ratios for the highest versus lowest FMR tertile were 1.71 (95% CI, 1.06–2.75) for overall graft failure and 1.90 (95% CI, 1.13–3.20) for death‐censored graft failure. Genome‐wide DNA methylation analysis identified 58 differentially methylated regions (p < 0.05, |Δβ| > 0.2) and 35 genes showed differential methylation between the high‐ (FMR >1.91) and low‐FMR (FMR <1.27) groups.ConclusionsDonors with increased fat and reduced muscle composition may negatively impact kidney allograft survival in recipients, possibly through the transmission of epigenetic changes, implying a body‐composition‐related metabolic memory effect.
A meta‐analysis of disordered eating and its association with self‐criticism and self‐compassion
Authors: Paranjothy Sarah Marie , Wade Tracey D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveFuture treatments for eating disorders (ED) need to be enhanced by targeting maintaining mechanisms. Literature suggests self‐criticism and self‐critical perfectionism act as key mechanisms exacerbating ED, and self‐compassion protects against self‐criticism. This meta‐analysis examines associations between self‐criticism and self‐critical perfectionism on disordered eating (DE), and reviews how self‐compassion and self‐criticism relate to each other with respect to DE.MethodSearches across three databases yielded 135 studies across 42,952 participants. Heterogeneity, publication bias, and quality assessments were analyzed. Moderation analyses between self‐criticism measures, self‐compassion measures, between clinical and nonclinical samples, and between cross‐sectional and experimental studies were also conducted.ResultsRandom‐effects models showed a medium positive link between self‐criticism and DE (r = .37), and 10 subgroups pertaining to various measures of self‐criticism utilized in literature showed small to large positive links with DE (r = .20–.52). Preliminary evidence also suggests negative relationships between self‐compassion and DE (r = −.40 to −.43) and negative relationships between self‐compassion and self‐criticism (r = −.04 to −.88).DiscussionGreater levels of self‐criticism is linked with greater levels of DE and reduced levels of self‐compassion, suggesting a need to tackle self‐criticism and nurture self‐compassion in standard treatments for ED. Understanding these interactions better in conjunction with dismantling intervention studies can help develop more effective and efficient interventions targeting self‐criticism and self‐compassion for people with DE.Public Significance StatementHigher levels of self‐criticism are linked with higher levels of DE and lower self‐compassion. Self‐compassion interventions could be more effective and efficient in reducing ED symptoms if self‐criticism is tackled early in such treatments.
Lived experience perspectives on eating disorder research: The use of adaptive trials and research priorities
Authors: Pellizzer Mia L. , Thompson Matthew , Edney Laura C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis novel study sought to understand lived experience and carer perspectives on the use of adaptive trials to evaluate interventions for eating disorders, in addition to understanding the factors and outcomes of most importance in eating disorder research and treatments from a lived experience perspective.MethodA total of 73 people with either lived or carer experience consented, 70 started the questionnaire, and 36 (51%) completed all questions. Participants were asked Likert scale and open‐ended questions to understand what factors and outcomes of eating disorder interventions were most important to them and understand their pre‐existing knowledge of clinical trials. Two videos were then used to explain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and adaptive trials and participants were asked their opinions, including perceived benefits and concerns, of each trial type.ResultsThe thematic analysis found two key themes regarding factors important in eating disorder treatment: Person‐centred care and Evidence‐based and effective treatment; and two key themes regarding outcomes of treatment: Sustained, full recovery and The bigger picture. Both RCTs and adaptive trials were viewed favorably, however, there was a slight preference for adaptive trials. Key themes for both demonstrated perceived benefits and ethical, practical, and scientific considerations unique to each.DiscussionFindings demonstrate the support of adaptive trials in eating disorder interventions from people with lived experience and their carers. It is recommended that researchers consider the use of adaptive designs and the incorporation of lived experience perspectives when designing future intervention trials.Public SignificanceThis novel study found that the use of adaptive trials in eating disorder intervention research is supported by people with lived experience and carers. Furthermore, the factors and outcomes of most importance to participants in this study are comparable to those previously identified in the emerging literature. The use of adaptive designs and the incorporation of lived experience are recommended in further clinical trials.
Increased infiltration of CD4+IL‐17A+FOXP3+ T cells in Helicobacter pylori‐induced gastritis
Authors: Guo Yixian , Chen Jinnan , Huang Yu , Ke Shouyu , Xie Feng , Li Dan , Li Bin , Lu Hong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHelicobacter pylori is one of the main predisposing factors for gastric cancer, causing chronic inflammation and proper glands atrophy in the gastric mucosa. Although H. pylori‐induced inflammation is a key inducer of precancerous lesions in the gastric mucosa, it remains unclear which precise immune cell subsets are responsible for the progression of H. pylori‐induced gastritis. Here, we observed an abundance of CD4+IL‐17A+FOXP3+ T cells exhibiting a Th17‐like phenotype within the microenvironment of H. pylori‐induced gastritis. Mechanistically, H. pylori upregulated the expression of IL‐6 in Dendritic cells and macrophages, by activating NF‐κB signaling through the virulence factor CagA and thus, induced IL‐17A expression in FOXP3+ T cells. Moreover, CD4+IL‐17A+FOXP3+ T cells were positively associated with advanced precancerous lesions. Therefore, these findings offer essential insights into how FOXP3+ T cells sense inflammatory signals from the environment, such as IL‐6, during H. pylori infections, thereby guiding the effector immune response and aggravating the gastritis.
A dual‐function Cd‐based coordination polymer for the detection of moxifloxacin and SiO32− ions
Authors: Zhu Shan , Tan Zhenqi , Pan Jiajun , Liu Luyao , Yang Tao , Zhou Xinhui , You Yujian , Xiao Hongping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA 1D coordination polymer (CP) [Cd2L2(H2O)4] ⋅ 3H2O (1) was prepared by solvothermal method using 1‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxylic acid (H2L) as single ligand. Fluorescence sensing experiments show that 1 has dual‐function specific recognition ability for moxifloxacin (MXF) and silicate (SiO32−), which can be used as the turn‐off sensing material for their detection. When 1 specifically identifies MXF, the Ksv is as high as 6.46×105 M−1 (6–20 μM) and the limit of detection (LOD) is as low as 14 nM. 1 is the second example of a CP‐based fluorescent probe for the detection of MXF, which has confirmed that the Ksv is the largest to date for the detection of MXF, with a detection sensitivity increase of more than three times. For SiO32− ions detection, the fluorescence intensity ratio has a good linear correlation with the concentration of SiO32− ions in the concentration range of 0–100 μM, with a slope of 1.33×104 M−1, and the LOD is as low as 0.68 μM. According to the reported literature, 1 is the only example of SiO32− ions sensing by CP‐based fluorescence sensor so far. In order to better understand the sensing phenomenon, we also discussed the sensing mechanism for MXF and SiO32− ions.
Synthesis of Methylenecyclobutenes by [2+2] Cycloaddition of Allene Ethers and Alkyne
Authors: Qian Yi‐Sen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMethylenecyclobutenes are useful precursors to provide other organic compounds. We report intermolecular [2+2] cycloaddition of allene ethers and alkynes at 100 °C, which gives methylenecyclobutenes in 50–60 % yields. The reaction does not require any metal catalyst and shows broad substrate scope, high regioselectivity and high stereoselectivity.
Long‐term outcomes after new onset seizure in children living with HIV: A cohort study
Authors: Birbeck Gretchen L. , Mwenechanya Musaku , Ume‐Ezeoke Ifunanya , Mathews Manoj , Bositis Christopher M. , Kalungwana Lisa , Bearden David , Elafros Melissa , Gelbard Harris A. , Theodore William H. , Koralnik Igor J. , Okulicz Jason F. , Johnson Brent A. , Musonda Namwiya , Siddiqi Omar K. , Potchen Michael J. , Sikazwe Izukanji 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the long‐term outcomes, including mortality and recurrent seizures, among children living with HIV (CLWH) who present with new onset seizure.MethodsZambian CLWH and new onset seizure were enrolled prospectively to determine the risk of and risk factors for recurrent seizures. Demographic data, clinical profiles, index seizure etiology, and 30‐day mortality outcomes were previously reported. After discharge, children were followed quarterly to identify recurrent seizures and death. Given the high risk of early death, risk factors for recurrent seizure were evaluated using a model that adjusted for mortality.ResultsAmong 73 children enrolled, 28 died (38%), 22 within 30‐days of the index seizure. Median follow‐up was 533 days (IQR 18–957) with 5% (4/73) lost to follow‐up. Seizure recurrence was 19% among the entire cohort. Among children surviving at least 30‐days after the index seizure, 27% had a recurrent seizure. Median time from index seizure to recurrent seizure was 161 days (IQR 86–269). Central nervous system opportunistic infection (CNS OI), as the cause for the index seizure was protective against recurrent seizures and higher functional status was a risk factor for seizure recurrence.SignificanceAmong CLWH presenting with new onset seizure, mortality risks remain elevated beyond the acute illness period. Recurrent seizures are common and are more likely in children with higher level of functioning even after adjusting for the outcome of death. Newer antiseizure medications appropriate for co‐usage with antiretroviral therapies are needed for the care of these children. CNS OI may represent a potentially reversible provocation for the index seizure, while seizures in high functioning CLWH without a CNS OI may be the result of a prior brain injury or susceptibility to seizures unrelated to HIV and thus represent an ongoing predisposition to seizures.Plain Language SummaryThis study followed CLWH who experienced a new onset seizure to find out how many go on to have more seizures and identify any patient characteristics associated with having more seizures. The study found that mortality rates continue to be high beyond the acute clinical presentation with new onset seizure. Children with a CNS OI causing the new onset seizure had a lower risk of later seizures, possibly because the trigger for the seizure can be treated. In contrast, high functioning children without a CNS OI were at higher risk of future seizures.
The roles of universities in virtual intellectual migration via evolving technologies and STEM
Authors: Lindsay Beverly 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe author postulates elucidatory central objectives and questions regarding the aforementioned paper title per integrative areas, with special foci on comprehensive doctoral research universities—that concentrate on research, teaching, and public engagement. The following queries are pondered and directed toward innovative technologies and science largely evident within the recent decades, contributing to virtual intellectual migration. (1) What historical and contemporary background conditions and discernments link the salience of this presentation? (2) What are the constructs of international technology and science diplomacy and intellectual migration? (3) What are roles of science and technology diplomacy as observed through formal and informal government and philanthropic initiatives via universities? (4) How are domestic and international universities preparing graduate students and professionals in novel technological manners that develop and engage virtual intellectual migration? (5) Through multifaceted processes, how might the blending of evolutionary technologies be altered and further incorporated within universities (and other organizations) to enhance virtual intellectual migration with an ultimate goal of promoting educational and diplomatic cooperations? This article responds to the queries and concludes by articulating the importance of virtual intellectual migration as can be observed by two foremost statesmen and diplomats—United Nations Secretary‐General Kofi Annan and American Senator J. William Fulbright. They were stalwarts of humankind.
Sanghuangporus vaninii extract ameliorates hyperlipidemia in rats by mechanisms identified with transcriptome analysis
Authors: Gao Ning , Liu Yuanzhen , Liu Guangjie , Liu Bo , Cheng Yupeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe increasing incidence of hyperlipidemia is a serious threat to public health. The development of effective and safe lipid‐lowering drugs with few side effects is necessary. The purpose of this study was to assess the lipid‐lowering activity of Sanghuangporus vaninii extract (SVE) in rat experiments and reveal the molecular mechanism by transcriptome analysis. Hyperlipidemia was induced in the animals using a high‐fat diet for 4 weeks. At the end of the 4th week, hyperlipidemic rats were assigned into two control groups (model and positive simvastatin control) and three treatment groups that received SVE at 200, 400, or 800 mg kg−1 day−1 for another 4 weeks. A last control group comprised normal chow‐fed rats. At the end of the 8th week, rats were sacrificed and lipid serum levels, histopathology, and liver transcriptome profiles were determined. SVE was demonstrated to relieve the lipid disorder and improve histopathological liver changes in a dose‐dependent manner. The transcriptomic analysis identified changes in hepatocyte gene activity for major pathways including steroid biosynthesis, bile secretion, cholesterol metabolism, AMPK signaling, thyroid hormone signaling, and glucagon signaling. The changed expression of crucial genes in the different groups was confirmed by qPCR. Collectively, this study revealed that SVE could relieve hyperlipidemia in rats, the molecular mechanism might be to promote the metabolism of lipids and the excretion of cholesterol, inhibit the biosynthesis of cholesterol by activating the AMPK signaling pathway, the thyroid hormone signaling pathway, and the glucagon signaling pathway.
Silymarin: Unveiling its pharmacological spectrum and therapeutic potential in liver diseases—A comprehensive narrative review
Authors: Jaffar Hafiza Madiha , Al‐Asmari Fahad , Khan Faima Atta , Rahim Muhammad Abdul , Zongo Eliasse 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLiver diseases, encompassing conditions such as cirrhosis, present a substantial global health challenge with diverse etiologies, including viral infections, alcohol consumption, and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The exploration of natural compounds as therapeutic agents has gained traction, notably the herbal remedy milk thistle (Silybum marianum), with its active extract, silymarin, demonstrating remarkable antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties in extensive preclinical investigations. It can protect healthy liver cells or those that have not yet sustained permanent damage by reducing oxidative stress and mitigating cytotoxicity. Silymarin, a natural compound with antioxidant properties, anti‐inflammatory effects, and antifibrotic activity, has shown potential in treating liver damage caused by alcohol, NAFLD, drug‐induced toxicity, and viral hepatitis. Legalon® is a top‐rated medication with excellent oral bioavailability, effective absorption, and therapeutic effectiveness. Its active component, silymarin, has antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties, Eurosil 85® also, a commercial product, has lipophilic properties enhanced by special formulation processes. Silymarin, during clinical trials, shows potential improvements in liver function, reduced mortality rates, and alleviation of symptoms across various liver disorders, with safety assessments showing low adverse effects. Overall, silymarin emerges as a promising natural compound with multifaceted hepatoprotective properties and therapeutic potential in liver diseases.