bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of active salivary gland ultrasonography findings in Sjögren’s syndrome in response to short-term glucocorticoid treatment: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kida Takashi , Kawahito Yutaka , Suzuki Yusuke , Tamaki Shigenori , Tanaka Ikuko 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Salivary gland ultrasonography is a non-invasive imaging technique that helps in the diagnosis and assessment of disease activity in Sjögren’s syndrome. However, it remains unclear whether the salivary gland ultrasonography findings are reversible in response to treatment. We present a case of a woman in her 20s who presented with parotid swelling and pain lasting for 3 months. The patient was diagnosed with anti-SS-A antibody-positive Sjögren’s syndrome with active sialadenitis, and short-term glucocorticoid treatment resulted in resolution of clinical symptoms and improvement of salivary gland ultrasonography findings by the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials scoring system. Notably, the anechoic/hypoechoic foci and vascular signals in the parotid and submandibular glands were reduced after treatment. Furthermore, peak systolic blood flow velocity of the facial artery entering the submandibular gland was decreased. Our case highlights that the findings of ‘inflammatory’ structural changes and vascularisation on salivary gland ultrasonography, including the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials scoring system, reflect the disease active of Sjögren’s syndrome and are reversible with treatment. Salivary gland ultrasonography has the potential to be a useful tool for monitoring treatment response and stratifying patients by disease activity in Sjögren’s syndrome; therefore, further research is needed on the relationship of salivary gland ultrasonography findings with the pathophysiological mechanisms of sialadenitis and long-term clinical outcomes.
Impact of Potential Case Misclassification by Administrative Diagnostic Codes on Outcome Assessment of Observational Study for People Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Goodman-Meza David , Goto Michihiko , Salimian Anabel , Shoptaw Steven , Bui Alex A T , Gordon Adam J , Goetz Matthew B 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Initiation of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) within the hospital setting may improve outcomes for people who inject drugs (PWID) hospitalized because of an infection. Many studies used International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes to identify PWID, although these may be misclassified and thus, inaccurate. We hypothesized that bias from misclassification of PWID using ICD codes may impact analyses of MOUD outcomes.

Methods
We analyzed a cohort of 36 868 cases of patients diagnosed with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia at 124 US Veterans Health Administration hospitals between 2003 and 2014. To identify PWID, we implemented an ICD code–based algorithm and a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm for classification of admission notes. We analyzed outcomes of prescribing MOUD as an inpatient using both approaches. Our primary outcome was 365-day all-cause mortality. We fit mixed-effects Cox regression models with receipt or not of MOUD during the index hospitalization as the primary predictor and 365-day mortality as the outcome.

Results
NLP identified 2389 cases as PWID, whereas ICD codes identified 6804 cases as PWID. In the cohort identified by NLP, receipt of inpatient MOUD was associated with a protective effect on 365-day survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval, .29–.81; P &lt; .01) compared with those not receiving MOUD. There was no significant effect of MOUD receipt in the cohort identified by ICD codes (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, .77–1.30; P = .99).

Conclusions
MOUD was protective of all-cause mortality when NLP was used to identify PWID, but not significant when ICD codes were used to identify the analytic subjects.
Viewpoint on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Medical Care Retention Guidelines in the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic Era and Beyond: Lessons Learned From Electronic Health Record Screening and Outreach
Authors: Moitra Ethan , Jiménez Muñoz Paola C , Sanchez Martha C , Pinkston Megan M 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this viewpoint, we discuss retention in care for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and call into question the methodology used to characterize retention, as well as the definitions themselves. Optimal retention for people with HIV (PWH) is defined in multiple ways by major healthcare leaders in the United States, typically focusing on appointment attendance or laboratory work. Yet, these definitions rely on in-person encounters, an approach to care that is becoming less common due to the rise of telehealth visits, particularly in light of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Our recent work showed that relying on electronic health records to identify PWH who were not retained in care not only failed to capture the nuances of modern HIV medical treatment engagement, but also led to misidentification of patients’ retention status due to limitations in the record system. As such, we recommend a reevaluation of how HIV medical care retention is defined and reported.
Pseudoneurotic Symptoms in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: A Longitudinal Study of Their Relation to Psychopathology and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Rosén Rasmussen Andreas , Handest Peter , Vollmer-Larsen Anne , Parnas Josef 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Nonpsychotic symptoms (depression, anxiety, obsessions, etc.) are frequent in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and are usually conceptualized as comorbidity or transdiagnostic symptoms. However, in twentieth century foundational psychopathological literature, many nonpsychotic symptoms with specific phenomenology (here termed pseudoneurotic symptoms) were considered relatively typical of schizophrenia. In this prospective study, we investigated potential associations of pseudoneurotic symptoms with diagnostic status, functional outcome as well as psychopathological dimensions of schizophrenia.

Study Design
First-admitted patients (N = 121) diagnosed with non-affective psychosis, schizotypal disorder, or other mental illness were examined at initial hospitalization and 5 years later with a comprehensive assessment of psychopathology. Informed by the literature, we constructed scales targeting pseudoneurotic symptoms and other, more general, nonpsychotic symptoms.

Study Results
Pseudoneurotic symptoms aggregated in schizophrenia-spectrum groups compared to other mental illnesses and occurred at similar levels at baseline and follow-up. They longitudinally predicted poorer social and occupational functioning in schizophrenia-spectrum patients over a 5-year-period but not transition to schizophrenia-spectrum disorders from other mental illnesses. Finally, the level of pseudoneurotic symptoms correlated with disorder of basic self at both assessments and with positive and negative symptoms at follow-up. The scale targeting general nonpsychotic symptoms did not show this pattern of associations.

Conclusions
The study supports that a group of nonpsychotic symptoms, ie, pseudoneurotic symptoms, are associated with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and linked with temporally stable psychopathology, particularly disorder of the basic self. Their prospective association with social and occupational functioning needs replication.
Downregulation of hypocretin/orexin after H1N1 Pandemrix vaccination of adolescent mice
Authors: Pagh-Berendtsen Nicolai , Pavlovskyi Artem , Flores Téllez Daniel , Egebjerg Christine , Kolmos Mie Gunni , Justinussen Jessica , Kornum Birgitte Rahbek 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), characterized by the loss of hypocretin/orexin (HCRT) production in the lateral hypothalamus, has been linked to Pandemrix vaccination during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, especially in children and adolescents. It is still unknown why this vaccination increased the risk of developing NT1. This study investigated the effects of Pandemrix vaccination during adolescence on Hcrt mRNA expression in mice. Mice received a primary vaccination (50 µL i.m.) during prepubescence and a booster vaccination during peri-adolescence. Hcrt expression was measured at three-time points after the vaccinations. Control groups included both a saline group and an undisturbed group of mice. Hcrt expression was decreased after both Pandemrix and saline injections, but 21 days after the second injection, the saline group no longer showed decreased Hcrt expression, while the Pandemrix group still exhibited a significant reduction of about 60% compared to the undisturbed control group. This finding suggests that Pandemrix vaccination during adolescence influences Hcrt expression in mice into early adulthood. The Hcrt mRNA level did not reach the low levels known to induce NT1 symptoms, instead, our finding supports the multiple-hit hypothesis of NT1 that states that several insults to the HCRT system may be needed to induce NT1 and that Pandemrix could be one such insult.
The naringenin-dependent regulator FdeR can be applied as a NIMPLY gate controlled by naringenin and arabinose
Authors: Kashiwagi Fernanda Miyuki , Wendler Miranda Brenno , Maltempi de Souza Emanuel , Müller-Santos Marcelo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The FdeR regulator has been reported as a transcriptional activator dependent on the interaction with naringenin. Previously, FdeR and its cognate promoter were used to construct naringenin-sensitive sensors, though no correlation was associated between the FdeR level of expression and outputs. Therefore, to understand this correlation, we constructed a circuit with FdeR expression adjusted by the arabinose concentration through an AraC-PBAD system and the FdeR-regulated promoter controlling the expression of GFP. We observed a significant reduction in the activity of the target promoter by increasing FdeR expression, indicating that although FdeR has been primarily classified as a transcriptional activator, it also represses transcription. Leveraging the bifunctional feature of FdeR, acting as both transcriptional activator and repressor, we demonstrated that this genetic circuit, when previously switched on by naringenin, can be switched off by inducing an increased FdeR expression level. This engineered system functioned as a NIMPLY gate, effectively decreasing GFP expression by 50% when arabinose was added without removing naringenin from the medium. Exploiting FdeR versatility, this study demonstrates an innovative application of this transcriptional factor for developing novel NIMPLY gates activated by a molecule with low toxicity and nutraceutical properties that may be important for several applications.
Graphical Abstract
The impact of insect egg deposition on Pinus sylvestris transcriptomic and phytohormonal responses to larval herbivory
Authors: Hundacker Janik , Linda Tom , Hilker Monika , Lortzing Vivien , Bittner Norbert 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Plants can improve their resistance to feeding damage by insects if they have perceived insect egg deposition prior to larval feeding. Molecular analyses of these egg-mediated defence mechanisms have until now focused on angiosperm species. It is unknown how the transcriptome of a gymnosperm species responds to insect eggs and subsequent larval feeding. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is known to improve its defences against larvae of the herbivorous sawfly Diprion pini L. if it has previously received sawfly eggs. Here, we analysed the transcriptomic and phytohormonal responses of Scots pine needles to D. pini eggs (E-pine), larval feeding (F-pine) and to both eggs and larval feeding (EF-pine). Pine showed strong transcriptomic responses to sawfly eggs and—as expected—to larval feeding. Many egg-responsive genes were also differentially expressed in response to feeding damage, and these genes play an important role in biological processes related to cell wall modification, cell death and jasmonic acid signalling. EF-pine showed fewer transcriptomic changes than F-pine, whereas EF-treated angiosperm species studied so far showed more transcriptional changes to the initial phase of larval feeding than only feeding-damaged F-angiosperms. However, as with responses of EF-angiosperms, EF-pine showed higher salicylic acid concentrations than F-pine. Based on the considerable overlap of the transcriptomes of E- and F-pine, we suggest that the weaker transcriptomic response of EF-pine than F-pine to larval feeding damage is compensated by the strong, egg-induced response, which might result in maintained pine defences against larval feeding.
Nursing Student Perceptions of Incivility in Academia
Authors: Lopez Michele Lucille 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Compassion is an essential value held by the nursing profession, but many nurses demonstrate incivility that may originate from their experiences in nursing academia. The Incivility in Nursing Education-Revised tool was used at a community college nursing program to gain student perspectives on incivility. Watson’s theory of human caring influenced this study. Participants were surveyed about types and frequencies of perceived faculty incivility. At least 77.8 percent of participants observed some degree of incivility in the program. No correlations between incivility and age or health care experience were identified.
Impact of Team-Based Learning on the Development of Critical Thinking Disposition in Entry-Level Master’s Nursing Students
Authors: George Ragi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Team-based learning (TBL) is an evidence-based teaching-learning strategy increasingly used in nursing education to improve student learning outcomes. Few studies have focused on its effects on the critical thinking disposition of second-degree nursing students enrolled in accelerated, entry-level master’s programs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of TBL on the critical thinking disposition of entry-level master’s nursing students. Critical thinking disposition scores did not significantly improve, but students’ confidence in reasoning skills and intellectual curiosity were strengthened, suggesting that TBL is an instructional strategy worth pursuing in entry-level master’s nursing programs.
Efficacy and Safety of Fezolinetant for the Treatment of Menopause-Associated Vasomotor Symptoms
Authors: Bonga Krishna Nikhila , Mishra Archana , Maiti Rituparna , Padhy Biswa Mohan , Meher Bikash Ranjan , Srinivasan Anand 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of fezolinetant for treating vasomotor symptoms (VMS) of menopause.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed/MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, EMBASE, Cochrane Database, Scopus, and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched through June 2023 for publications and randomized controlled trials on fezolinetant compared with placebo in menopausal women who experienced moderate-to-severe VMS.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
Our literature search identified 330 articles, of which five studies with six reports were included in our meta-analysis per our eligibility criteria.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
The risk of bias was evaluated using Cochrane's RoB 2 (Risk of Bias version 2) tool, quality of evidence was graded using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach, and outcome measures data for effect size were pooled in random-effects model and rated. A total of 2,168 participants from five randomized clinical trials (six reports) were included. Fezolinetant significantly lowered VMS frequency, with pooled mean difference of 2.62 (95% CI, 1.84–3.41). The pooled mean difference for fezolinetant compared with placebo for the MENQOL (Menopause-Specific Quality of Life) measure was −0.60 (95% CI, −0.92 to −0.28), and the mean percentage improvement in VMS frequency was 22.51% (95% CI, 15.35–29.67). Fezolinetant was associated with improvement in sleep quality when compared with placebo.

CONCLUSION:
Fezolinetant is effective in lowering moderate-to-severe VMS frequency and sleep disturbances in postmenopausal women.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
PROSPERO, CRD42023427616.
Longitudinal Reoperation Risk After Apical Prolapse Procedures in Women Aged 65 Years and Older
Authors: Berger Alexander A. , Bretschneider Carol E. , Gregory W. Thomas , Sung Vivian 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To describe longitudinal reoperation risk among older women undergoing surgery for apical pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and to compare risk of reoperation for prolapse and complications among different surgical approaches.

METHODS:
This nationwide, retrospective cohort study evaluated older adult women (aged 65 years and older) within the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ (CMS) 5% LDS (Limited Data Set) who underwent sacrocolpopexy, uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS), sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF), or colpocleisis, or their uterine-preserving equivalents, from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2018, with follow-up through 2019. The primary outcome was overall reoperation, and secondary outcomes included reoperation for POP and for complications. Rates were compared using χ2 tests for categorical variables, Wilcoxon rank-sum for continuous variables and Kaplan Meier estimates of cumulative incidence. Death and exit from CMS insurance were considered as censoring events. We used cumulative incidence to calculate reoperation risk as a function of time at 1 year or more, 3 years or more, and 7 years or more.

RESULTS:
This cohort included 4,089 women who underwent surgery to treat apical POP from 2011 to 2018: 1,034 underwent sacrocolpopexy, 717 underwent USLS, 1,529 underwent SSLF, and 809 underwent colpocleisis. Demographics varied among patients for each POP surgery. Patients who underwent the different surgeries had differences in age (P<.01), Charlson Comorbidity Index score (P<.01), diabetes (P<.01), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P<.01), hypertension (P<.01), chronic pain (P=.01), congestive heart failure (P<.01), and concomitant hysterectomy (P<.01). Reoperation rates were low and increased over time. The overall reoperation risk through 7 years was 7.3% for colpocleisis, 10.4% for USLS, 12.5% for sacrocolpopexy, and 15.0% for SSLF (P<.01). Reoperation for recurrent POP through 7 years was 2.9% for colpocleisis, 7.3% for sacrocolpopexy, 7.7% for USLS, and 9.9% for SSLF (P<.01). Reoperation for complications through 7 years was 5.3% for colpocleisis, 8.2% for sacrocolpopexy, 6.4% for USLS, and 8.2% for SSLF (P<.01).

CONCLUSION:
The type of surgical repair is significantly associated with long-term risk of reoperation. Colpocleisis offers the least likelihood of reoperation for prolapse, followed by sacrocolpopexy; colpocleisis followed by USLS has the least risk of long-term reoperation for complication.
Feasibility of Setting the Tidal Volume Based on End-Expiratory Lung Volume: A Pilot Clinical Study
Authors: Grassi Alice , Teggia-Droghi Maddalena , Borgo Asia , Szudrinsky Konstanty , Bellani Giacomo 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To assess the feasibility of setting the tidal volume (TV) as 25% of the actual aerated lung volume (rather than on ideal body weight) in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

DESIGN:
Physiologic prospective single-center pilot study.

SETTING:
Medical ICU specialized in the care of patients with ARDS.

PATIENTS:
Patients with moderate-severe ARDS deeply sedated or paralyzed, undergoing controlled mechanical ventilation with a ventilator able to measure the end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) with a washin, washout technique.

INTERVENTIONS:
Three-phase study (baseline, strain-selected TV setting, ventilation with strain-selected TV for 24 hr). The TV was calculated as 25% of the measured EELV minus the static strain due to the applied positive end-expiratory pressure.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Gas exchanges and respiratory mechanics were measured and compared in each phase. In addition, during the TV setting phase, driving pressure (DP) and lung strain (TV/EELV) were measured at different TVs to assess the correlation between the two measurements. The maintenance of the set strain-selected TV for 24 hours was safe and feasible in 76% of the patients enrolled. Three patients dropped out from the study because of the need to set a respiratory rate higher than 35 breaths per minute to avoid respiratory acidosis. The DP of the respiratory system was a satisfactory surrogate for strain in this population.

CONCLUSIONS:
In our population of 17 patients with moderate to severe ARDS, setting TV based on the actual lung size was feasible. DP was a reliable surrogate of strain in these patients, and DP less than or equal to 8 cm H2O corresponded to a strain less than 0.25.
Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Caused by Naegleria fowleri in China: A Case Report
Authors: Wu Qihuan , Chen Chensong , Li Jie , Lian Xiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Naegleria fowleri is a thermophilic, free-living ameba that is commonly known as the “brain-eating ameba.” This parasite invades the central nervous system and causes an acute fulminant infection, which results in a fatal form of primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Here, we report a case of PAM by an unexpected transmission route. Regrettably, the patient deteriorated swiftly and passed away subsequent to diagnosis, despite our exhaustive efforts. Here, we compiled a summary of 11 cases of PAM survivors who have all been treated with amphotericin, rifampicin and triazoles. Beside this regimen, miltefosine was also used successfully to treat PAM in an adolescent. More precise understanding of the survival rate and contributing factors can be established with further validation on additional cases.
Cold Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (c-EMR) of Nonpedunculated Colorectal Polyps ≥20 mm
Authors: Ramai Daryl , Clement Benjamin , Maida Marcello , Previtera Melissa , Brooks Olivia W. , Wang Yichen , Chandan Saurabh , Dhindsa Banreet , Deliwala Smit , Facciorusso Antonio , Khashab Mouen , Ofosu Andrew 
Published: January 2024

Background:
There is increasing evidence that cold endoscopic mucosal resection (c-EMR) can effectively treat large colorectal polyps. We aim to appraise the current literature and evaluate outcomes following c-EMR for nonpedunculated colonic polyps ≥20 mm.

Methods:
Major databases were searched. Primary outcomes included recurrence rate and adverse events. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model.

Results:
Nine articles were included in the final analysis, which included 817 patients and 1077 colorectal polyps. Average polyp size was 28.8 (±5.1) mm. The pooled recurrence rate of polyps of any histology at 4 to 6 months was 21.0% (95% CI: 9.0%-32.0%, P<0.001, I
2=97.3, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that recurrence was 10% for proximal lesions (95% CI: 0.0%-20.0%, P=0.054, I
2=93.7%, P=0.054) and 9% for distal lesions (95% CI: 2.0%-21.0%, P=0.114, I
2=95.8%, P=0.114). Furthermore, subgroup analysis showed that recurrence was 12% for adenoma (95% CI: 4.0%-19.0%, P=0.003, I
2=98.0%, P=0.003), and 3% for sessile serrated polyps (95% CI: 1.0%-5.0%, P=0.002, I
2=34.4%, P=0.002). Post-polypectomy bleeding occurred in 1% (n=8/817) of patients, whereas abdominal pain occurred in 0.2% (n=2/817) of patients.

Conclusions:
C-EMR for nonpedunculated colorectal polyps ≥20 mm shows an excellent safety profile with a very low rate of delayed bleeding as well as significantly less recurrence for sessile serrated polyps than adenomas.