bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Being Vaccinated and National Vaccination Rates on Individuals’ Cognitions, Emotions, and Economic Expectations: Evidence from Israel
Authors: Lahav Eyal , Shahrabani Shosh , Rosenboim Mosi , Tsutsui Yoshiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Israel was the first nation to establish a vaccination program during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, its citizens could look to no other country to help them judge its influence. People’s predictions of their safety should depend on whether they were vaccinated, whereas their predictions regarding the COVID-19 pandemic should be based on the degree of progress of the vaccination program. We expected people to understand that the program would improve their safety by reducing the number of infected people around them.

Method
An original panel survey was conducted covering the pandemic’s first year. Respondents reported their vaccination status, emotions, evaluations of their safety, and predictions about the spread of COVID-19 and the Israeli gross domestic product.

Results
Estimates of fixed-effects models using the survey data suggest that being vaccinated affected people’s cognitions about their own safety and their emotions but not their expectations regarding the situation in Israel as a whole. In contrast, the vaccination rate in Israel affected only the respondents’ expectations about the spread of COVID-19, their own income, and Israel’s gross domestic product.

Conclusions
Being vaccinated is important for people’s personal emotional and cognitive relief during a pandemic. A high vaccination rate improves people’s economic expectations, which is important to the recovery of economic activity.
Effects of artificial light on the arrival time, duration of stay, and departure time of nocturnal flying insects
Authors: Kasai Masaki , Hironaka Mantaro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInsects with positive phototaxis fly to artificial light sources at night, stay there for a certain amount of time, and then fly away. Although many studies have been conducted on the arrival time of flying insects at artificial light sources, little is known about the time at which they fly away (departure time), duration of stay, and staying time zone. This information is important to protect phototactic insects from the fatal attraction to light that is known as a serious ecological light pollution. In this study, we aimed to identify the duration of stay and staying time zone for various insect species by marking them with light traps. Among the 63 species belonging to 11 orders observed at the study site, cluster analysis focused on 27 species for which 5 or more data points were obtained, highlighting three predominant stay patterns. Type 1 species arrived approximately 1.3 h and flew away approximately 4.1 h after sunset and stayed for a short period of approximately 2.6 h. Type 2 species arrived at approximately 1.2 h and flew away for approximately 9.6 h, with an 8.4 h stay. Type 3 species arrived later than Types 1 and 2, were attracted for 5.4 h, and flew away approximately 13.5 h with an 8.2 h stay. These results suggest that conservation biological countermeasures against light-attracted flying insects need to consider the stay patterns of insects that remain under outdoor lighting.
Association of organ damage with predicted fat mass in a community-dwelling elderly: the Northern Shanghai study
Authors: Xu Chong , Yu Shikai , Zhao Song , Chi Chen , Fan Ximin , Teliewubai Jiadela , Xiong Jing , Tang Jiamin , Zhao Yifan , Xu Yawei , Zhang Yi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Body fat mass (FM) is associated with multiple organ damage. However, data regarding the relationship between various organ damage and FM are rare in the elderly. Therefore, we aim to perform an analysis on the relationship between organ damage and FM in a geriatric cohort.

Methods
3331 participants were included in this analysis. Based on age, body height, body weight, waist circumference, and race, we calculated FM with the established formula. Organ damage, including arterial stiffening, lower extremity atherosclerosis, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), micro-albuminuria, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), were measured and calculated with standard methods.

Results
All organ damage parameters were significantly related to FM (all p < 0.001). In univariate logistics regression, the highest quartile of FM was tied to the increased risk of arterial stiffening, lower extremity atherosclerosis, LVH, micro-albuminuria, and CKD (all p < 0.05). After adjustment, participants with higher quantiles of FM had a significantly increased odd ratio (OR) for arterial stiffening [OR = 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15–1.99, p = 0.002] and LVH (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.48–2.67, p < 0.001). Moreover, FM was linearly associated with arterial stiffening and LVH in total population and gender subgroups. Independent of confounders, FM was significantly correlated with arterial stiffening, lower extremity atherosclerosis, LVH and CKD in female, while was only related to LVH in male.

Conclusions
Among various organ damage, elevated FM is significantly and independently associated with arterial stiffening and LVH in the elderly. Compared with men, women with increased FM are more likely to have multiple organ damage.
Interventions to improve social network in older people with sensory impairment: a systematic review
Authors: Kuang Li , Hu Hanyu , Dai Halina , Ma Huiying , Jia Yuling , Sheng Yu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Sensory impairment significantly reduces speech discrimination and perception ability, presenting a challenge to effective communication. It can lead to social withdrawal and a reduced social network which can lead to cognitive impairment, seriously affecting the quality of life of older people. However, it is unclear which intervention components are effective to improving social network in older people with sensory impairment.

Objective
The aim of this systematic review was to summarize interventions designed to improve social network in older people with sensory impairment.

Methods
We searched seven databases from inception to December 1, 2023. Eligible studies included randomized clinical trials (RCT) and quasi-experimental studies of interventions for older people with sensory impairment aimed at improving social networks. Two reviewers searched databases, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies independently.

Results
Nine studies including five RCTs and four quasi-experimental studies were selected, enrolling 721 older people with sensory impairment. Methodological quality of the studies was modest. Eight studies demonstrated a positive impact of the interventions used in older people with sensory impairment. The detailed effective intervention components may include communication strategies, resources for older people and their significant others, exercise or tech-back of communication, sensory device fitting, and use and maintenance of sensory devices.

Conclusion
There are few interventions available for improving social network in older people with sensory impairment. Most interventions mainly focus on communication education and care, and sensory device fitting and education. To improve the social network in older people with sensory impairment, it is necessary to develop more effective, multidisciplinary collaborative effective interventions and conduct more high-quality original studies.
The Simulation of Bracciano Lake (Central Italy) Levels Based on Hydrogeological Water Budget: A Tool for Lake Water Management when Climate Change and Anthropogenic Impacts Occur
Authors: De Filippi Francesco Maria , Sappa Giuseppe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBracciano Lake is one of the major water bodies of Lazio region and the eighth lake in Italy by area. Similarly to other water bodies located on the Tyrrhenian side of the Italian Peninsula, Bracciano Lake has a volcanic origin. This water body is a strategic resource for both the emergency and ordinary water supply of Rome megacity, thanks to the short distance (about 30 km). During the last years, the concurrence of climate change and anthropogenic activities led to important water level drops of the lake: the last and worst in 2017, when the lake faced the most important water crisis of its entire history, with a critical impact on the ecological system and the consequent interruption of water supply. This paper, using the inverse hydrogeological water budget (HWB) method in a GIS environment, aims to define the water budget of Bracciano Lake on a 15-year time series (2008–2022), providing a framework of climate change and human impacts on lake water levels. The outputs have been used for the simulation of lake water levels during the same period, with a focus on the drought of 2017. The variation between simulated and observed level is, on average, 2 cm and in any case never more than 28 cm. Results show the fragile balance between inputs and outputs, highlighting the need for sustainable management of both surface water and groundwater withdrawals from the surrounding aquifer.
Pro-environmental behaviour in household water use. A gender perspective
Authors: Granda Lucía , Moya-Fernández Pablo José , Soriano-Miras Rosa María , González-Gómez Francisco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEfficiency in the use of water resources is one of the SDG 6 in all sectors. This research focuses on the efficient use of water in households. Specifically, we analyse differences in people’s behaviour towards ten household water uses. Compared to previous research, the main contribution of this study is the emphasis placed on the gender perspective. This research is carried out for Andalusia, a region in southern Spain with high water stress. OLS and probit estimations were made with a database of 2650 observations from 2018. No gender differences are found in the number of habits applied to make efficient use of water in the household. On the other hand, after studying ten household water uses in isolation, gender differences are found in certain pro-environmental habits. We cannot conclude the existence of a gender gap in environmental awareness of water use. However, the results suggest that there are differences in the adoption of pro-environmental habits in water use due to the distribution in the household chores, especially in those which are traditionally female or male.
Fair valuations of insurance policies under multiple risk factors: A flexible lattice approach
Authors: Devolder Pierre , Russo Emilio , Staino Alessandro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe propose a flexible lattice model to evaluate the fair value of insurance contracts embedding both financial and actuarial risk factors. Flexibility relies on the ability of the model to manage different specifications of the correlated processes governing interest rate, mortality, and fund dynamics, thus allowing the insurer to make the most appropriate choices. The model is also able to handle additional guarantees like a surrender opportunity for which explicit formulae are not available being it similar to an American derivative. The model discretizes mortality and interest rate dynamics through two different binomial lattices and then combines them into a bivariate tree characterized by the presence of four branches for each node. The probability of each branch is defined to replicate the correlation affecting the two processes. The bivariate model is useful to compute the value of survival zero coupon bond. When adding another source of risk, such as the fund dynamics for evaluating fund-linked insurance products, we model it through a bivariate tree that captures the influence of the interest rate on its drift term. Then, the mortality risk is embedded by defining a trivariate tree presenting eight branches emanating from each node with probabilities defined in order to capture the correlations of the processes. Extensive numerical experiments assess the model accuracy by considering some stylized policies, but the model application is not limited to them being it able to manage different contract specifications.
Utility of routine post-admission testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a rehabilitation facility
Authors: Williams Victoria R. , Robinson Larry , Eisenberg Morty , Virdi Kuldeep , Kozak Robert , Leis Jerome A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Asymptomatic screening for SARS-CoV-2 is recommended in healthcare settings during periods of increased incidence, yet studies in rehabilitation settings are lacking. Routine weekly post-admission asymptomatic testing in a rehabilitation facility offered marginal gain beyond syndromic and targeted unit testing and was not associated with a reduced risk of healthcare-associated COVID-19.
Dimension estimates and approximation in non-uniformly hyperbolic systems
Authors: WANG JUAN , CAO YONGLUO , ZHAO YUN 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLet
$f: M\rightarrow M$
be a
$C^{1+\alpha }$
diffeomorphism on an
$m_0$
-dimensional compact smooth Riemannian manifold M and
$\mu $
a hyperbolic ergodic f-invariant probability measure. This paper obtains an upper bound for the stable (unstable) pointwise dimension of
$\mu $
, which is given by the unique solution of an equation involving the sub-additive measure-theoretic pressure. If
$\mu $
is a Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen (SRB) measure, then the Kaplan–Yorke conjecture is true under some additional conditions and the Lyapunov dimension of
$\mu $
can be approximated gradually by the Hausdorff dimension of a sequence of hyperbolic sets
$\{\Lambda _n\}_{n\geq 1}$
. The limit behaviour of the Carathéodory singular dimension of
$\Lambda _n$
on the unstable manifold with respect to the super-additive singular valued potential is also studied.
The impact of mental health and psychosocial support programmes on children and young people’s mental health in the context of humanitarian emergencies in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bangpan Mukdarut , Felix Lambert , Soliman Farida , D’Souza Preethy , Jieman Anna-Theresa , Dickson Kelly 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Humanitarian emergencies pose a significant global health challenge for children and young people’s mental and psychological health. This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) programmes delivered to children and young people affected by humanitarian emergencies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Twelve electronic databases, key websites and citation checking were undertaken. Forty-three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between January 1980 and May 2023 were included in the review. Overall, the findings suggest that cognitive behavioural therapy may improve depression symptoms in children and young people affected by humanitarian emergencies. Narrative exposure therapy may reduce feelings of guilt. However, the impact of the other MHPSS modalities across outcomes is inconsistent. In some contexts, providing psychosocial programmes involving creative activities may increase the symptoms of depression in children and young people. These findings emphasise the need for the development of MHPSS programmes that can safely and effectively address the diverse needs of children and young people living in adversarial environments.
Does word knowledge account for the effect of world knowledge on pronoun interpretation?
Authors: Jones Cameron R. , Bergen Benjamin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo what extent can statistical language knowledge account for the effects of world knowledge in language comprehension? We address this question by focusing on a core aspect of language understanding: pronoun resolution. While existing studies suggest that comprehenders use world knowledge to resolve pronouns, the distributional hypothesis and its operationalization in large language models (LLMs) provide an alternative account of how purely linguistic information could drive apparent world knowledge effects. We addressed these confounds in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we found a strong effect of world knowledge plausibility (measured using a norming study) on responses to comprehension questions that probed pronoun interpretation. In experiment 2, participants were slower to read continuations that contradicted world knowledge-consistent interpretations of a pronoun, implying that comprehenders deploy world knowledge spontaneously. Both effects persisted when controlling for the predictions of GPT-3, an LLM, suggesting that pronoun interpretation is at least partly driven by knowledge about the world and not the word. We propose two potential mechanisms by which knowledge-driven pronoun resolution occurs, based on validation- and expectation-driven discourse processes. The results suggest that while distributional information may capture some aspects of world knowledge, human comprehenders likely draw on other sources unavailable to LLMs.
Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cortical thickness in depression: a systematic review
Authors: Toffanin Tommaso , Cattarinussi Giulia , Ghiotto Niccolò , Lussignoli Marialaura , Pavan Chiara , Pieri Luca , Schiff Sami , Finatti Francesco , Romagnolo Francesca , Folesani Federica , Nanni Maria Giulia , Caruso Rosangela , Zerbinati Luigi , Belvederi Murri Martino , Ferrara Maria , Pigato Giorgio , Grassi Luigi , Sambataro Fabio 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most studied and validated available treatments for severe or treatment-resistant depression. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying ECT. This systematic review aims to critically review all structural magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating longitudinal cortical thickness (CT) changes after ECT in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression.

Methods:
We performed a search on PubMed, Medline, and Embase to identify all available studies published before April 20, 2023. A total of 10 studies were included.

Results:
The investigations showed widespread increases in CT after ECT in depressed patients, involving mainly the temporal, insular, and frontal regions. In five studies, CT increases in a non-overlapping set of brain areas correlated with the clinical efficacy of ECT. The small sample size, heterogeneity in terms of populations, comorbidities, and ECT protocols, and the lack of a control group in some investigations limit the generalisability of the results.

Conclusions:
Our findings support the idea that ECT can increase CT in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. It remains unclear whether these changes are related to the clinical response. Future larger studies with longer follow-up are warranted to thoroughly address the potential role of CT as a biomarker of clinical response after ECT.
The stratal structure of Kuria morphological tone
Authors: Trommer Jochen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMarlo et al. (2015) claim that Kuria verbal tone morphology undermines three well-established principles of locality and modularity: (1) Phonological Locality: the assumption that rules and constraints may only evaluate a small window of phonological objects; (2) Cyclic Locality: the stratal organization of morphophonology into stems, words and phrases; and (3) Indirect Reference: the claim that phonological rules and constraints cannot directly access morphosyntactic information. Sande et al. (2020) turn this claim into an argument for a new model of the morphosyntax–phonology interface, Cophonologies by Phase, which erases the separation between phonology and morphology and abandons standard locality domains in favour of syntactic phases. In this article, I show that the conclusions of both articles are unfounded: the Kuria data follow naturally from an analysis based on autosegmental tone melodies in a version of Stratal Optimality Theory which embraces all three restrictions, Phonological and Cyclic Locality and Indirect Reference, the latter implemented by Coloured Containment Theory. I argue that this approach obviates the technical and conceptual objections raised by Marlo et al. against a tone-melody analysis of Kuria, and makes more restrictive predictions about possible systems of tonal morphophonology compared to construction phonology frameworks.
NOUVEAUX FRAGMENTS DE KITĀB AL-FUTYĀ D'AL-ǦĀḤIẒ DANS LES MAQĀLĀT D'ABŪ AL-QĀSIM AL-BALḪĪ
Authors: Bou Akl Ziad 
Published: February 2024

RésuméLes maqālāt d'Abū Qāsim al-Balḫī contiennent un certain nombre de passages consacrés aux questions de théorie juridique. La source la plus importante qu'on y trouve est un ensemble d'extraits de K. al-futyā, un traité juridique d'al-Ǧāḥiẓ dont il ne restait jusqu’à présent que des fragments renfermant les critiques adressées par al-Naẓẓām aux compagnons du Prophète. Dans cet article, je fournis une traduction de ces extraits précédée d'une étude du texte et de sa place dans l'histoire de la théorie juridique durant cette époque de formation de la pensée islamique.
RETOUR SUR LA POLÉMIQUE ENTRE ABŪ BAKR AL-RĀZĪ ET ABŪ AL-QĀSIM AL-BALḪĪ: CONJECTURE SUR UN ÉCHO DU KITĀB AL-ZUMURRUD D'IBN AL-RĀWANDĪ DANS LES MAṬĀLIB AL-ʿĀLIYA DE FAḪR AL-DĪN AL-RĀZĪ
Authors: Rashed Marwan 
Published: February 2024

RésuméLe présent article revient sur la polémique entre Abū Bakr al-Rāzī et Abū al-Qāsim al-Balḫī. En s'appuyant sur le témoignage du Kitāb taṯbīt dalāʾil al-nubuwwa du Qāḍī ʿAbd al-Ǧabbār, on montre que les deux philosophes ont dû s'affronter à la cour d'Aḥmad b. Sahl al-Marwazī, gouverneur de Balḫ, durant les années 910, et que la virulence du ton de leur échange s'explique surtout par ce contexte de rivalité professionnelle. Pour ce qui est de son contenu, leur entretien a dû porter sur la question de la justice divine et sur la meilleure manière de rendre compte de la prophétie et du message coranique. Dans un second temps, on passe à l’étude du chap. VIII, 4 de Al-maṭālib al-ʿāliya de Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī et l'on montre que, contrairement à une opinion récemment émise, ce chapitre constitue un écho non pas d'Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, mais du premier argument du Kitāb al-zumurrud d'Ibn al-Rāwandī, qui opposait l'autonomie de la raison à la nécessité de la prophétie pour conclure de la première à la négation de la seconde. On suggère pour finir que la doctrine de la prophétie d'Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, comme celle des grands théologiens de son temps, tant muʿtazilites qu'ašʿarites, vise à échapper au dilemme mis en place par Ibn al-Rāwandī quelques décennies plus tôt.