bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRO-SOCIAL CHARACTER OF THE PRISONERS’ WHEN IMPLEMENTING A PENALTY
Authors: Егорова Татьяна Игоревна 
Published: October 2023

Введение: в статье исследована проблема содержательной характеристики просоциальной направленности личности осужденных при назначении, исполнении и отбывании наказания. Материалы и методы: материалом к проведенному исследованию послужили доктринальные положения юридических и психологических наук, применялись сравнительно-правовой и документальный методы, позволившие проанализировать и обобщить вопросы теоретического и нормативного правового характера, сформулировать выводы и предложения. Результаты исследования: в статье проанализированы признаки и значение просоциальной личности осужденных при законодательном закреплении и применения наказания в виде лишения свободы, намечены приоритетные направления дифференциации осужденных в рассматриваемой сфере. Обсуждение и заключение: современное уголовное и уголовно-исполнительное законодательство активно реформируется, данные изменения в определенной мере соответствуют потребностям правоприменительной практики в сфере формирования просоциальной направленности личности осужденных, которая, однако, нуждается в выработке более конкретных критериев классификации осужденных, изучении средств и способов стимулирования правопослушного поведения, определении характера и степени учета данных обстоятельств при назначении, исполнении и отбывании наказания.
Introduction: the author studies meaningful characteristic of pro-social orientation of the personality of convicts in the assignment, execution and serving their sentences. Materials and Methods: the material for the study was the doctrinal provisions of the legal and psychological sciences. Comparative legal and documentary methods were used, which made it possible to analyze and summarize theoretical and regulatory issues, formulate conclusions and proposals. Results: the author analyzed character and meaning of the pro-social personality of convicts in the legislative consolidation and application of punishment in the form of imprisonment, outlines priority areas of differentiation of convicts in the area under consideration. Discussion and Conclusions: the criminal and penal enforcement legislation is being actively reformed, these changes to a certain extent correspond to the needs of law enforcement practice in formation of a pro-social orientation of the personality of convicts, which, however, needs to develop more specific criteria for the classification of convicts, the study of means and methods of stimulating law-abiding behavior, determining the nature and degree of consideration of these circumstances when appointing, execution and serving of punishment.
Penerapan Gerak Dan Lagu "Naik-Naik Ke Puncak Gunung" untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Lestari Leni , Fauziddin Mohammad , Daulay Musnar Indra 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan anak kelompok B TK Kejora Bangsa dalam kemampuan motorik kasar, Sebagian anak belum mampu mengekspresikan berbagai gerakan kepala, tangan ataupun kaki sesuai dengan lagu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak dengan lagu “Naik-naik Ke Puncak Gunung ". Jenis penelitian yang diterapkan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi dan teknik dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis data kuantitatif dan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh peningkatan yang sangat signifikan.Gerak dan lagu "Naik-naik Ke Puncak Gunung "dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar pada anak. Hal ini juga disaran kepada guru-guru untuk mejadikan kegiatan ini sebagai kegiatan alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kreativitas seni rupa pada anak
Factors Overlooked in Blood Pressure Measurement: The Effect of Back, Feet and Arm Support
Authors: TUNCER Metin , KHORSHİD Leyla 
Published: October 2023

In the guidelines, it is recommended that the patient's back should be supported, that the lower part of the arm should be supported at the heart level, and the feet should be kept flat on the floor. However, the effects of errors stemming from ignoring these recommendations are unknown because the number of studies conducted on this issue is limited. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the effect of arm, back and feet support on blood pressure values during blood pressure measurement in healthy individuals.
In the study, 111 individuals were included. Their mean age was 21.95±1.57 years. Their systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured using four measurement procedures, three of which were erroneous measurements (feet without support, back without support, and arm without support) and one of which was the standard procedure recommended by the guidelines. Procedures were randomized and the participants' blood pressures were measured three times for each procedure.
While the mean systolic values determined with the measurements performed without feet support and back support were higher than were those determined with the standard measurements (t=-4.872, p
Yara Örneklerinde Üreyen Etkenler ve Antibakteriyel Duyarlılık.
Authors: ŞENOL Feray Ferda , AKKAYA Yüksel , ŞENOL Arzu , BAHÇECİ İlkay , ÖNER Pinar , AYTAÇ Özlem , SOYDAN Sevda , AŞCI TORAMAN Zülal 
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Hastane kaynaklı enfeksiyonlar arasında yer alan yara enfeksiyonları az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler için büyük bir sağlık sorunudur. Çalışmamızda yara enfeksiyonuna neden olan etkenler ve bu etkenlerin antibakteriyel duyarlılığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif olarak 1290 yara sürüntü örneği değerlendirildi. Etken olarak düşündüğümüz mikroorganizmaların tür düzeyinde tanımlanmaları, antibakteriyel duyarlılıkları konvansiyonel ve VITEK-2 otomatize sistem ile çalışıldı.
Bulgular: Örneklerin 505’inde bakteriler, 16’sında mantarlar etken olarak izole edildi. İzole edilen bakteriyel etkenlerin; %60’ını Gram negatif bakteriler, %40’ını Gram pozitif bakteriler oluşturuyordu. Bakteriyel etkenler içinde en sık izole edilen bakteri 143 (%28.31) örnekle Staphylococcus aureus bunu 121 (%24) örnekle Escherichia coli, 47 (%9.30) örnekle Acinetobacter baumannii, 46 (%9.10) örnekle Pseudomonas aeruginosa takip etti. Bu mikroorganizmaların en sık izole edildikleri servislere göre dağılımı ise; Staphylococcus aureus polikliniklerden, Escherichia coli ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa yatan hasta servislerinden, Acinetobacter baumanii yoğun bakım ünitelerinden saptandı. Staphylococcus aureus’ların 61 (%42.65)’i metisiline dirençli bulunurken tigesiklin, vankomisin ve linezolid’e direnç saptanmadı. Escherichia coli’de en fazla direnç 111 (%91.73) hasta ile ampisiline karşı görüldü, 118 (%97.52) hasta ile imipenem ve meropenem en duyarlı oldukları antibakteriyeller olarak saptandı. Acinetobacter baumanii’ye karşı antibakteriyellerin hepsinde yüksek direnç saptanırken kolistine karşı direnç saptanmadı. Pseudomonas aeruginosa’da en fazla direnç sefepim ve imipeneme karşı 14 (%29.78) hastada saptanırken, kolistine karşı direnç saptanmadı.
Sonuç: İzole edilen mikroorganizmaların ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi, ampirik tedavilere yön verebilmek, hekimlerin kontrollü ve akılcı antibiyotik kullanımı konusunda bilinçlenmesini sağlayacaktır.
Délirer dans le réel, vers un désengendrement généralisé ? 1. Délirer dans le corps propre pris comme un autre
Authors: Daubigny Corinne-Déborah 
Published: October 2023

Il y a des façons de délirer dans son propre corps, pris comme étranger. Il importe d’en découvrir les sources dans les interactions familiales et sociales, comme dans le cas du transsexualisme, autant que les dynamiques internes induites. Le déni des origines, relayé culturellement, conduit à penser le sexuel comme un ensemble de matériaux humains décomposables et recomposables, jusqu’à la production d’indifférenciations de sexes et de genres, en même temps que se banalise la violence sexuelle mortifère. Il invite à agir des fantasmes d’auto-désengendrement/auto-engendrement, supposés réalisables par la médecine, en réalité impossibles. Les jeunes filles sont les plus exposées à ces dérives.
Délirer dans le réel, vers un désengendrement généralisé ? 2. Délirer dans les machines « humaines »
Authors: Daubigny Corinne-Déborah 
Published: October 2023

« Délirer dans les machines » : faire marcher les humains comme des machines, les transformer en machine, les remplacer par des machines, les rendre esseulés, réifiés, désengendrés. Quelques techniques et dérives contemporaines, langagières et opératoires, dans les domaines du politique, de la guerre, des fabriques de filiation, de la procréation, de l’intelligence artificielle, et de la sexualité. Face à la perte de sens du réel, aux confusions entre fantasmes et réalité, aux attaques contre la pensée, préserver nos capacités à faire face à la réalité, à nous inscrire dans l’histoire du genre humain, aux valeurs attachées à la reconnaissance l’altérité du prochain, au sens réel et symbolique de la différence des sexes, et de l’amour bien tempéré.
Independence and Extinction in Scottish Wilderness Writing
Authors: Gardiner Michael 
Published: October 2023

Les crises de l’autorité constitutionnelle britannique ont souvent été des crises de la « métaphysique empiriste » au fondement de l’État — une philosophie visant à transformer le monde en un espace standardisé où tout objet soit chiffrable. Les spécialistes des études environnementales ont parfois abordé cette question, mais sans s’intéresser aux liens entre identité britannique, progrès empirique et logique extractive du monde-comme-propriété d’une part, et d’autre part cet autre risque existentiel majeur qu’est l’arme nucléaire. Le désarmement nucléaire est sans doute la ligne de partage la plus évidente entre le Royaume-Uni et l’une de ses nations périphériques, l’Écosse, dont le rattachement au xviii e siècle avait aidé à créer la philosophie morale adaptée au développement d’un empire commercial, mais dont le glissement vers l’indépendance marque le détachement d’avec le reste du Royaume. Comprendre le désarmement nucléaire comme rupture avec l’identité britannique permet d’expliquer la quantité d’écrits que l’Écosse du xxi e siècle a vus fleurir sur le thème de la wilderness , c’est-à-dire des espaces échappant à la loi du marché. En convoquant des exemples tirés de poèmes récents, cet article explore l’antagonisme entre les espaces sauvages écossais et le « progrès empirique » vers des armes nous menaçant d’extinction totale.
Cartographie des thèses portant sur l’éducation, l’enseignement et la formation dans les pays francophones du Sud de 2000 à 2020
Authors: Chevalier Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2023

Le répertoire des thèses consultable sur le site APPRENDRE de l’Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF) recense les thèses en français portant sur l’éducation, l’enseignement et la formation dans 26 pays d’Afrique, de l’Océan Indien plus le Liban et Haïti. Ce répertoire a été mis à jour début 2022. Il recense 1816 thèses soutenues de 2000 à 2020. L’analyse quantitative permet de mettre en valeur des pôles de recherche doctorale : en Algérie, en Côte d’Ivoire, au Maroc et au Sénégal, en particulier. L’approche qualitative permet de dégager les thématiques privilégiées par les chercheurs en éducation, en enseignement et formation ainsi que sur le management des systèmes éducatifs. Enfin, l’approche chronologique montre la croissance en Afrique des recherches francophones en éducation.
A late-preterm infant with hypocalcemic tetany caused by traditional soy milk feeding: A case report and literature review
Authors: Hu Shu-Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hypocalcemia may cause numerous symptoms, including neuromuscular irritability, prolonged QT interval, apnea, cyanosis, tachypnea, vomiting, or laryngospasm. Here, we reported a late-preterm 3-month-old infant presenting general involuntary twitches caused by hypocalcemic tetany. Laboratory data revealed hypocalcemia–hyperphosphatemia, high parathyroid hormone, normal magnesium, and low vitamin D(25-OH). Calcium intake deficiency was suspected. The infant was cured after calcium supplementation through the intravenous route and standard infant formula.
L-glutamate can protect the oxidative stress injuries of the fetal lung cells
Authors: Lee Chuen-Ming , Lu Li-Hua , Lu Jacqueline , Pan Ying-Ru , Chang Po-Ya , Chang Yu-Wei , Shing Yun-Mao , Fan Hueng-Chuen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the major complications of prematurity resulting in significant mortality and morbidity. Reactive oxygen species, which are highly reactive molecules that can cause oxidative damage to lung tissue and trigger inflammatory reactions, are associated with pathophysiological changes in many lung diseases, such as BPD. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is a strong oxidant, is widely used in simulating cellular oxidative damage. Whether glutamine can protect lung cells from oxidant damages is not known.

Objectives:
To explore the cytotoxic mechanisms of H2O2 on lung cells, including A549 and HEL299 cells, and investigate the effects of L-glutamine in the protection of oxidative damage on the lung cells.

Methods:
Cytotoxic effects of H2O2 and the protective effects of glutamine against H2O2 on lung cells were accessed by the cell viability assay. The underlying mechanisms for H2O2 damaging lung cells were analyzed by the flow cytometry to quantify changes in mitochondrial membrane potential before and after H2O2 and L-glutamine were added into lung cells. Pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells line, A549, and human embryonic bronchial fibroblast cell line, HEL 299, were grown in the incubator. H2O2 with and without L-glutamine was added in the lung cells, and cell viability was measured by the water-soluble tetrazolium 1 (WST-1) assay and the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential by the flow cytometry. Statistical analysis used is as follows: data comparisons from cell proliferation studies were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. The quantification data of the mitochondrial potential assay was analyzed by Student’s t tests. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 100-μM H2O2 significantly decreased the viability of A549 and HEL299 cells; 8-mM L-glutamine rescued lung cell death caused by the H2O2 toxicity; and 100 μM of mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly elevated in HEL299 cells, except A549 cells in the application of H2O2 and L-glutamine.

Conclusion:
H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in A549 and HEL299 cells was associated with mitochondria. The different effects of L-glutamine on A549 and HEL299 cells in response to the 100 μM of H2O2-induced cytotoxicity suggest that these two cell lines may have different mechanisms against oxidative stress.
Insights into the Early Use of Oral Semaglutide in Routine Indian Clinical Practice
Authors: Bhattacharyya Supratik , Saboo Bharat , Mohit Minal , Bhojane Sonali , Deshmane Rajesh , Chavda Vipul , Hasnani Dhruvi , Jagadeesha Aravinda , Sikdar Mahuya 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, in its oral form can be helpful in improving glycemic parameters and reducing weight in patients with diabesity.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective, observational cohort study across eight centers from India captured the initial patterns of routine clinical use of oral semaglutide postlaunch in India in 2022. Subjects with type 2 diabetes and ≥1 prescription for oral semaglutide were included.

Results:
The study recruited 209 patients (135 males); mean age (±standard deviation) 51.36 (±14.32) years; mean body mass index of 33.39 (±5.09); mean body weight of 91.83 (±13.12) kg and mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 9.16 (±1.61). Oral semaglutide was prescribed as monotherapy (7.65%), with sulfonylurea (8.61%), or with insulin (32.06%). The study population had the following comorbidities: hypertension (43%), dyslipidemia (35%), and hypothyroidism (12%); 23.9% were on ≥3 concomitant medications. At baseline, 74.3% of patients on oral semaglutide monotherapy were initiated on the 3 mg dose. At the first follow-up, 34.8% and 44.9% were on 7 mg and 14 mg doses, respectively. The mean reduction in HbA1c and body weight between baseline and first follow-up was 2.03% and 5.30 kg (P < 0.0001 for both). The most common side effects of oral semaglutide monotherapy were generalized weakness, nausea, dryness of mouth, and diarrhea. No hypoglycemia, other serious adverse events, or discontinuations were reported.

Conclusions:
The Semaglutide oral in Indian T2D Patients study shows improvement in glycemic parameters and weight in Indian patients initiated on oral semaglutide during the early days of its availability postlaunch.
Determining age-specific prostate-specific antigen for healthy Indian men: A retrospective study
Authors: Addla Sanjai K. , Selvaraj Nivash , Sakthivel Deerush Kannan , Ragavan Narasimhan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Prostate cancer usually affects older men and accounts for considerable cancer-associated mortality in men globally. In India, there is a rise in prostate cancer, and the published literature to determine age-specific prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is limited by a small sample size. The objective of our study was to determine age-specific PSA for Indian men based on a very large cohort of apparently healthy men undergoing health screening.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study using the hospital-based database of men who had undergone PSA blood tests as a part of health screening at two tertiary referral centers in South India between January 1, 2011, and August 31, 2018. Anonymous data were extracted, and statistical analysis was performed.

Results:
During this period, 99,386 men underwent PSA blood tests. Non-Indian patients and patients with PSA levels either <0.2 or >20 were excluded from the study, leaving 86,728 patients who were further analyzed. Seventy percent of patients were below 60 years of age, and the mean PSA for the study cohort was 1.2 ng/mL (standard deviation 1.74), with a median PSA of 0.7 ng/mL (interquartile range 0.4–1.1). The 95th percentile serum PSA level was 1.40, 1.70, 3.10, 5.80, 8.82, and 11.31 ng/mL for age groups of ≤40, 41–50, 51–60, 61–70, 71–80, and >80 years, respectively. The mean, median, and 95th percentile PSA reportedly increased for each decade of life (P = 0.0005).

Conclusions:
Results of this study indicated a positive correlation between serum PSA level and age in Indian men. These values are lower than the age-specific PSA defined for Caucasian men. These findings provide a basis for establishing new age-specific reference ranges of PSA for Indian men which will help in clinical decision-making.
Protocol for a quasi-experimental study to ascertain the effectiveness of using eKnee School approach to impart self-care education to patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Dhillon Mandeep S. , Singh Amarjeet , Prinja Shankar , Bahuguna Pankaj , Singh Meenu , Adhya Bibek , Negi Sandeep , Verma Nishank 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients seek improvement in their quality of life by attaining independence in activities of daily living. Literature recommends nonpharmacological intervention as first-line treatment for KOA. The study aims to ascertain the effectiveness of online supervised nonpharmacological intervention sessions of virtual knee school (eKS) training among mild and moderate KOA patients in comparison to routine care during COVID-19 pandemic and assessment of cost-effectiveness of eKS against the routine care for KOA patients during COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A quasi-experimental pre-post with control group, enrolling 50 participants each in two groups: usual/routine KOA care or usual care plus KS interventions via virtual mode. Our primary outcome measures are pain, quality of life, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Secondary outcomes include performance-based tests (30-second chair test, timed up and go test, 6-minute walk test) and patient satisfaction. Intervention fidelity will be assessed with a priori checklist tailored to eKS assessing adherence, dose, quality, and user engagement in the key components. Quantitative data collection will be conducted at baseline and 6 months. Descriptive data analysis will be carried for quantitative data. For qualitative data, the thematic analysis will be performed; we propose to undertake a deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis to address the issue of uncertainty in the present cost-effectiveness analysis model.

CONCLUSION:
The management of KOA through virtual mode emphasizes the concepts of patient-as-person, family-centered, with socially interactive approach. The study will provide information on the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions for improving the quality of life of patients suffering from KOA through virtual knee school. Nevertheless, pitfalls in running eKS will be noted, which will help improve all aspects of online medical communications in the future.