bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of 80 adolescents referred for secure inpatient care
Authors: Wheatley Malcolm , Waine Jo , Spence Kiran , Hollin Clive R. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractDespite the recognition of the need for secure adolescent mental health provision, the extent and precise nature of the services required in the United Kingdom remains unquantified. The present study describes some of the key characteristics of 80 young people referred from around the United Kingdom for medium secure health care. The pattern of referrals indicates a substantial need for secure health care in the 14‐ to 18‐year‐old age range. Young people requiring such care present most commonly with psychotic, personality or post traumatic stress disorder. Nearly half of the young people (45%) were requiring constant observation. Over 90% of those assessed presented a risk of aggression and over 60% presented a suicide risk. Over half (53%) had been charged with one or more offence and 29% had at least one conviction. The need for the further development of an adolescent forensic specialism is supported by these data. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors predicting the short‐listing and selection of trainee clinical psychologists: a prospective national cohort study
Authors: Phillips Anna , Hatton Chris , Gray Ian 
Published: March 2004

AbstractConcerns have frequently been raised about equal opportunities in the short‐listing and selection procedures used by clinical psychology training courses, although little evidence exists. The aim of the study is to identify factors predicting short‐listing and selection to clinical psychology training courses. A prospective study of one national cohort of applicants to UK clinical psychology training (the 2000 entry cohort of 1538 applicants) was carried out. Application forms (n = 1538), references (n = 1538) and postal questionnaires (n = 396) were used to collect demographic, biographical, academic and work experience information. Relationships between these variables and short‐listing or selection to training were examined using univariate odds ratios and effect sizes, and multivariate logistic regressions. Factors most strongly predictive of short‐listing and selection were proxies for academic ability (post‐16 education at school, degree class, involvement in postgraduate education, authoring publications), relevant educational qualifications (a degree eligible for registration into the BPS), relevant vocational experience (a greater number and range of psychology assistant posts), and positive ratings from academic and clinical psychologist experience‐related referees. Short‐listing and selection to clinical psychology training relies on proxy factors related to academic ability, education, vocational experience and ratings from referees. There is little evidence of direct discrimination, although certain subgroups of applicants may be disadvantaged in their opportunities to gain relevant academic qualifications and vocational experience. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Easy Synthesis of New Chiral Tridentate Schiff Bases and Their Use as [N,N,O] Ligands for Ni and Pd Complexes − Catalytic Behaviour versus Hydrogenation Reactions
Authors: González‐Arellano Camino , Gutiérrez‐Puebla Enrique , Iglesias Marta , Sánchez Félix 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe chiral [N,N,O] tridentate unsymmetrical Schiff bases 3−5 (aryl = phenyl, 1‐naphthyl, 2‐naphthyl) were synthesised easily in high purity and good yields. All the organic compounds were characterised by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Palladium(II) and nickel(II) Schiff‐base complexes were prepared as air‐stable solids. Because the [N,N,O] ligand is tridentate after deprotonation of the −OH group, the coordination of the metal ion is completely stereospecific and gives rise to only one diastereoisomer. The X‐ray crystal structures of the complexes [Ni(3)(OAc)] and [Pd(4)(OAc)] were determined. These complexes were shown to be very active catalysts (TOF up to 106 h−1) for the hydrogenation of olefins and imines under mild conditions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of Bi(Bi9)[NbCl6]3, a New Member of the Structure Family Bi(Bi9)[MX6]3, and the Crystal Structure of Bi8[Ta2O2Br7]2
Authors: Beck Johannes , Hilbert Tobias 
Published: March 2004

AbstractBi and BiIII halides comproportionate to form subvalent cationic Bi clusters of various size and shape that can be stabilized in the solid state in the presence of suitable complex ions. Transition metal chlorides and bromides of group 4 elements lead to compounds of the Bi(Bi9)[MX6]3 family, of which all members with M = Zr, Hf; X = Cl, Br are known. At 550 K Bi, BiCl3 and NbCl5, surprisingly, yield the isotypic Bi+(Bi95+)([NbCl6]2−)3 containing NbIV formed by reduction of NbV. The crystal structure [hexagonal; P63/m; a = 1377.1(2), c = 1065.5(2) pm; Z = 2] contains Bi95+ clusters, octahedral [NbCl6]2− and disordered Bi+ ions. The low, temperature‐dependent paramagnetic moment (76 K: 0.99 B.M.; 295 K: 1.22 B.M.) confirms the reduction of Nb to the +IV state. Bi8[Ta2O2Br7]2, formed by a trace of H2O in a reaction of Bi, BiBr3 and TaBr5 at 570 K, adopts a new structure type [tetragonal; P4/mnc; a = 1448.0(1), c = 1830.6(2) pm; Z = 4] and consists of square‐antiprismatic Bi82+ clusters and onedimensional polymeric bromooxotantalate(V) anions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
New Nitrosylrhenium Hydrides as Precursors of “Diazo” Complexes: Preparation of Hydrazine and Diazene Derivatives
Authors: Albertin Gabriele , Antoniutti Stefano , Bacchi Alessia , Fregolent Barbara , Pelizzi Giancarlo 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe reaction of [ReCl2(OCH3)(NO)(PPh3)2] with phosphane in the presence of NaBH4 gives different dihydride [ReH2(NO){PPh2(OEt)}3] (1) and alkoxy‐hydride [ReH(OR1)(NO)P3] (2, 3) [R1 = CH3, C2H5; P = PPh(OEt)2, P(OEt)3] derivatives depending on the nature of the phosphane and the solvent used. The protonation reactions of the new hydrides with Brønsted acid were performed and led to thermally unstable [Re(OR1)(η2‐H2)(NO)P3]+ (2*, 3*) dihydrogen cations. Hydrazine complexes [ReH(RNHNH2)(NO){PPh2(OEt)}3]BPh4 (4) (R = H, CH3,C6H5) and [Re(OR1)(RNHNH2)(NO)P3]BPh4 (5, 6) [R1 = CH3, C2H5; R = H, CH3,C6H5; P = PPh(OEt)2] were prepared by allowing the hydrides [ReH2(NO)P3] and [ReH(OR1)(NO)P3] to react first with triflic acid and then with hydrazine. The complexes were characterized spectroscopically and by the X‐ray crystal structure determination of [Re(OC2H5)(NH2NH2)(NO){PPh(OEt)2}3]BPh4 (5a). Oxidation of the hydrazine complexes 4−6 was studied with Pb(OAc)4 at −30 °C and, depending on the nature of the hydrazine and the stoichiometry of the complexes, led to aryldiazene [ReH(C6H5N=NH)(NO){PPh2(OEt)}3]BPh4 (7c), [Re(OC2H5)(C6H5N=NH)(NO){PPh(OEt)2}3]BPh4 (8c), methyldiazene [ReH(CH3N=NH)(NO){PPh2(OEt)}3]BPh4 (7b) and a mixture of methyldiazene [Re(OCH3)(CH3N=NH)(NO){PPh2(OEt)}3]BPh4 (9b) and methyleneimine [Re(OCH3)(η1‐NH=CH2)(NO){PPh2(OEt)}3]BPh4 (9*b) derivatives. Mono‐ and binuclear aryldiazene complexes [ReH(ArN=NH)(NO){PPh2(OEt)}3]BPh4 (10), [{ReH(NO)[PPh2(OEt)]3}2(µ‐HN=NAr−ArN=NH)](BPh4)2 (11), [Re(OR1)(ArN=NH)(NO)P3]BPh4 (12, 14, 16) and [{Re(OR1)(NO)P3}2(µ‐HN=NAr−ArN=NH)](BPh4)2 (13, 15) [R1 = CH3, C2H5; P = PPh(OEt)2, P(OEt)3; Ar = C6H5, 4‐CH3C6H4; Ar‐Ar = 4,4′‐C6H4‐C6H4] were also prepared by allowing hydrides [ReH2(NO)[PPh2(OEt)}3] and [ReH(OR1)(NO)P3] to react with mono‐ and bis‐aryldiazonium cations. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Synthesis and Structural Studies of Two New Base Adducts of Bis(2,4‐pentanedionato)cobalt(II)
Authors: Tanase Stefania , Bouwman Elisabeth , Reedijk Jan , Driessen Willem L. , Ferbinteanu Marilena , Huber Martina , Mills Allison M. , Spek Anthony L. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe syntheses, spectroscopic properties and crystal structures of two new base adducts of bis(2,4‐pentanedionato)cobalt(II) with 3,5‐dimethylpyrazole (Hdmpz) (1) and dimethylethanolamine (Hdmea) (2) are described. The crystal structures of both compounds contain monomeric CoIIcomplexes withcis‐distorted octahedral environments, even for the monodentate Hdmpz ligand which is quite unique. These mononuclear complexes are linked by hydrogen bonds between the anionic 2,4‐pentanedionato groups and the neutral Hdmpz or Hdmea ligands. The low‐temperature polycrystalline‐powder EPR spectra display unresolved metal hyperfine coupling. Thegvalues are anisotropic in both cases; the anisotropy is larger for the Hdmea adduct. Interesting insights into the coordination effects were gained with the help of electron‐density descriptors (Laplacian of density and Natural Bond Orbitals). This revealed a slight deviation of the coordinating lone pairs of the pentanedionato ligands from the Co−O axis, as well as a nonstandard hybrid composition. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Fluidity in the self‐concept: the shift from personal to social identity
Authors: Onorato Rina S. , Turner John C. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractDominant personality models of the self‐concept (e.g. self‐schema theory) conceive of the self as a relatively stable cognitive representation or schema. The self‐schema controls how we process self‐relevant information across a myriad of situations. Conversely, self‐categorization theory argues that self‐perception is highly variable and context‐dependent. It was hypothesized in two studies (N=114 and 200) that the effect of personal self‐schemas on information‐processing would be eliminated when the context makes a conflicting higher‐order identity salient. Results largely supported self‐categorization theory. Across various dependent measures (trait endorsements, response latencies, and confidence in self‐descriptions), participants generally responded in line with the salient identity, even if this pattern of responding directly contradicted their personal self‐schema. Implications for dominant personality models of the self‐concept are examined. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inclusiveness of identification among farmers in The Netherlands and Galicia (Spain)
Authors: Klandermans Bert , Sabucedo Jose Manuel , Rodriguez Mauro 
Published: March 2004

AbstractIn this paper we discuss inclusiveness of identification among farmers in Galicia (Spain) and The Netherlands. Identification with three nested categories—farmers in the local community, farmers in the country, and farmers in Europe was assessed among 167 Dutch and 248 Galician farmers at three points in time: winter of 1993/94, winter 1995 and fall 1995. Our findings suggest that inclusiveness reduces the level of identification. However, the observed patterns of identification were more complex than inclusiveness per se can account for. Borrowing from the common ingroup‐identity model, functional and socialization models of identity formation, and a model of politicized collective identity we formulated hypotheses about patterns of identification that were to be expected. On the whole our findings supported our theoretical reasoning. Galician farmers appear to identify much less with farmers in their country and Europe than Dutch farmers do. Inclusiveness of identification appears to be linked to experience with national and supranational political institutions. More political knowledge and involvement appear to generate more inclusive patterns of identification. Among Galician farmers evaluation of the agricultural policy of the European Union is negatively related to identification with farmers in Europe, among Dutch farmers the two are positively related. Finally, more inclusive identities seem to be more politicized. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Group membership and everyday social comparison experiences
Authors: Smith Heather J. , Leach Colin W. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractIn two everyday experience studies, we examined the degree to which everyday social comparisons are framed by group membership. In the first study, 30 undergraduates attending a public university in the United States completed short questionnaires about their social comparison experiences whenever they were signalled. In the second study, 34 ethnic minority undergraduates from the same university completed similar questionnaires about their social comparison experiences. Across both studies, comparisons in which participants viewed themselves as an ingroup member in comparison to an outgroup comprised less than 10% of the comparison experiences reported by participants. However, minorities in the second study who reported closer identification with their ethnic group reported more comparison experiences in which they mentioned their own or the comparison target's ethnicity. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Getting ready for the bad times: self‐esteem and anticipatory coping
Authors: Newby‐Clark Ian R. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractWhen we cannot alter the characteristics of an aversive event, we are still able to prepare ourselves for what is to come. In other words, we can engage in ‘anticipatory coping.’ Known self‐esteem differences in self‐regulation led to the prediction that low self‐esteem (LSE) individuals would evidence different anticipatory coping patterns than high self‐esteem (HSE) people. HSE and LSE participants were faced with either a low or high probability of engaging in a painful task. They were told about, and given the opportunity to engage in, a preparatory strategy aimed at minimizing discomfort during the painful task. Those participants in the low probability condition prepared for the painful task less than did those participants in the high probability condition. As hypothesized, the effect of probability condition was more pronounced for HSE, compared to LSE, participants. Also, in the low probability condition, there was a trend towards LSE participants preparing more than HSE participants. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What is smart in a social dilemma? differential effects of priming competence on cooperation
Authors: Utz Sonja , Ouwerkerk Jaap W. , Van Lange Paul A. M. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractPrior theorizing of rationality in social dilemmas suggests that individuals pursuing different interaction goals may ‘perceive’ different associations between competence and behaviour in a social dilemma, arguing that competitive individuals associate competence with noncooperation (i.e. noncooperation=smart), whereas prosocial individuals associate competence with cooperation (i.e. cooperation=smart; goal‐prescribes‐rationality principle, Van Lange & Kuhlman, 1994). The present research examines whether cooperative interaction can be affected by subtle activation (or priming) of competence, and whether the effects may differ for competitive versus prosocial participants. Consistent with hypotheses, two experiments revealed that priming competence yielded reduced levels of cooperation (and greater exploitation) among competitors, and yielded no effects (Experiment 1) or a tendency towards enhanced cooperation (Experiment 2) among prosocials. The discussion considers theoretical implications of relatively subtle influences on cooperative interaction in social dilemmas. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
When procedural fairness does not influence how positive I feel: the effects of voice and leader selection as a function of belongingness need
Authors: De Cremer David , Alberts Hugo J. E. M. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe present research examined the effect of receiving voice or not on positive affect as a function of how the enacting authority was selected and the extent to which people experienced strong belongingness needs. Participants were asked to generate ideas with respect to an electronic portfolio. Their opinions were then evaluated by a group leader who was either appointed by the experimenter, elected by the group and who reflected the participant's own choice, or elected by the group but who did not reflect the participant's own choice. This group leader then gave participants the opportunity to voice their ideas or not. Participants reported positive affect did not vary as a function of receiving voice or not when the enacting leader was elected and did not reflect the participant's own choice. The voice effect on positive affect did, however, appear in the other two leadership selection conditions. Further, this pattern was found only among those with a strong need to belong. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlling the healthy worker effect in the presence of an intermediate variable
Authors: Kim Jinheum , Nam Chung Mo , Kang Dae Ryong 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe healthy worker effect is an important issue in occupational epidemiology. We propose a new statistical method to test the relationship between exposure and time to death in the presence of the healthy worker effect. The basic idea of the proposed method reflects length bias sampling caused by job changes. According to simulation studies, both the proposed test and a test based on the Cox model including job changes as a time‐dependent covariate seem to be satisfactory at the upper 5% significance level. However, the Cox models involving job changes as a time‐independent covariate are unsatisfactory. The proposed test is superior in power to the test based on the Cox model with time‐dependent employment status. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
VOC emission fluxes as a function of lateral distance from the source
Authors: Lowell Philip S. , Eklund Bart 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThere has been a great deal of recent interest in evaluating the potential for vapor transport from subsurface contamination into nearby buildings. There does not exist, however, any method for calculating whether buildings that are not directly over the source of contamination may be impacted. For simplicity, typical modeling approaches for estimating vapor migration through soil into buildings assume that the contaminated plume or soil lies directly underneath the building. The models do not take into account the lateral distance, if any, between the source of VOC emissions and the indoor space. This paper presents an approach to calculate diffusion‐limited emission fluxes as a function of lateral distance and evaluates the significance of these emissions over relatively short lateral distances from the source. A theoretical, mathematical approach was used. The results show that soil‐gas concentration and emission flux are both a decreasing exponential function of the lateral distance from the edge of the contaminant plume. Based on our calculations, the emission flux and the soil‐gas concentration are insignificant within a relatively short lateral distance from the source (e.g., 30 m). © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 23: 52–58, 2004
Essential oil of Marrubium cuneatum Russell and its secretory elements
Authors: Baher Nik Z. , Mirza M. , Shahmir F. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe structure of the glandular trichomes and essential oil of the aerial parts of Marrubium cuneatum Russell were studied. Most secretory tissues are located in glandular trichomes. The essential oil isolated by steam distillation were analysed by GC–MS. Among 25 compounds identiﬁed, representing about 89% of the oil, the major components were bicyclogermacrene (37.9%) and germacrene D (24.1%). Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Von Wahrheit, Würde und Versöhnung
Authors: Wüstenberg Ralf K. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractAn welche Bedingungen ist politische Versöhnung geknüpft? Eine theologische Studie zeigt, dass das Aufarbeiten der Vergangenheit zwischen Opfern und Tätern immer das bewusste Überwinden von Schuld voraussetzt
Wenn sich die Feldlerche vom Acker macht
Authors: Mückschel Claus , Frede Hans Georg , Köhler Wolfgang , Kuhlmann Friedrich , Otte Annette , Wolters Volkmar 
Published: March 2004

AbstractDie moderne Landwirtschaft schadet der Tier‐ und Pflanzenwelt, indem sie deren Artenvielfalt in Gefahr bringt. Neue computergestützte Modelle helfen, eine Landnutzung zu entwerfen, die sowohl den Bedürfnissen des Menschen als auch dem Bewahren des natürlichen Ökosystems dient
Die Welt der Lebenden und die Welt der Toten
Authors: Pfälzner Peter 
Published: March 2004

AbstractDas erste ungeplünderte Königsgrab Syriens entdeckten Archäologen bei Ausgrabungen der Palastanlage von Qatna. Die Grabkammern erlauben neuartige Einblicke in Ahnenkult und Bestattungspraktiken des alten Orient
Familial platelet disorder with propensity to acute myelogenous leukemia: Genetic heterogeneity and progression to leukemia via acquisition of clonal chromosome anomalies
Authors: Minelli Antonella , Maserati Emanuela , Rossi Gabriele , Bernardo Maria Ester , De Stefano Piero , Cecchini Maria Paola , Valli Roberto , Albano Veronica , Pierani Paolo , Leszl Anna , Sainati Laura , Lo Curto Francesco , Danesino Cesare , Locatelli Franco , Pasquali Francesco 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFamilial platelet disorder with propensity to acute myelogenous leukemia, or FPD/AML (OMIM #601399), is a rare autosomal dominant condition, with only 12 families reported. It is characterized by qualitative and quantitative platelet defects and predisposition to the development of myeloid malignancies. Causal mutations have been identified in the RUNX1 gene (also known as AML1, CBFA2) in the 11 families so far analyzed. RUNX1 is a gene frequently involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, through acquired chromosome rearrangements and point mutations. We report an Italian family with three members affected with FPD/AML, two sibs and their father, who developed myelodysplastic syndromes (which in one subsequently evolved into AML). Direct sequencing and polymorphisms haplotype analysis of the region of chromosome 21 where RUNX1 is mapped demonstrated that FPD/AML in this family was not caused by any mutation of the RUNX1 gene, thus providing evidence for the genetic heterogeneity of this disorder. Cytogenetic studies showed monosomy 7 in the marrow of all the three affected subjects, as well as an independent clone with trisomy 8 in the father. The importance of mutator effects in the pathogenesis of familial myeloid malignancies characterized by relevant chromosome changes, in the presence or absence of an underlying Mendelian disorder, has already been suggested. Our results and a review of the cytogenetic literature led us to postulate that mutations also causing FPD/AML may have a mutator effect that could give origin to myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemias through acquired chromosome changes. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A model for karyotypic evolution in testicular germ cell tumors
Authors: Frigyesi Attila , Gisselsson David , Hansen Gunnar B. , Soller Maria , Mitelman Felix , Höglund Mattias 
Published: March 2004

AbstractTesticular germ cell tumor karyotypes are characterized by near‐triploidy, with chromosome numbers ranging from 50 to 70, and by the frequent appearance of i(12p). The high chromosome number has been attributed to the formation of tetraploid carcinoma in situ cells followed by chromosomal losses that ultimately lead to tumor forms that are more advanced. In the present investigation, we show by analysis of the accumulated cytogenetic data on testicular germ cell tumors and computer simulations that two distinct processes are operating in the karyotypic evolution of these tumors. The results suggest that whole‐chromosome changes originate from a multipolar cell division of a tetraploid cell, whereas imbalances caused by structural changes accumulate in a stepwise manner. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.