bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
31P NMR analysis of chicken breast meat vacuum tumbled with NaCl and various phosphates
Authors: Li Rongrong , Kerr William L , Toledo Romeo T , Teng Quincy 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe hydrolysis of several commercially used phosphates was studied in chicken breast meat marinated and tumbled in 70 g kg−1 NaCl and 12 g kg−1 of either disodium pyrophosphate (DSPP), tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) or glass phosphate. After treatment, intact muscle was ground in the presence of EDTA‐Na2 to prevent further enzymatic breakdown of phosphates. TSPP and TKPP were fully hydrolysed within 1.25 h, STPP within 3.25 h, DSPP within 6 h and glass phosphate within 24 h. DSPP lowered the muscle pH from 5.97 to 5.60, while TSPP and TKPP increased the pH to 6.10 and 6.19 respectively. Based on PP chemical shifts, the pH was found to increase with time. No evidence of tripolyphosphate (TPP) in the STPP‐treated samples was found, suggesting that it had already been hydrolysed to pyrophosphate (PP) or monophosphate (Pi) during treatment. PP hydrolysis occurred at about the same rate as Pi production in STPP‐treated samples. Pi production in meat treated with glass phosphate was relatively slow, indicating a lack of muscle enzymes capable of breaking down long‐chain phosphates. Late production of Pi after depletion of oligophosphate was attributed to hydrolysis of cellular phosphates.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Low levels of selenium in miscarriage
Authors: Güvenç Müzehher , Güven Hüseyin , Karataş Fikret , Aygün A. Denizmen , Bektaş Sırrı 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFew data are presented in the literature about selenium and miscarriage. The aim of this article was to study the relationship between the selenium status of pregnant women and miscarriage. A randomized, controlled trial was performed in Elazig State Hospital and Firat University Hospital. Serum and hair samples were obtained from 20 non‐pregnant women, 32 healthy mothers with normal newborns, and 16 women who miscarried. Serum selenium levels, as ng/mL, and hair selenium levels, as ng/g, were determined on a Perkin–Elmer 1000 spectrophotometer by fluorometry. The mean serum and hair selenium concentrations of the women who miscarried (42.8 ± 2.7 ng/mL, 276 ± 6.6 ng/g, respectively) were significantly lower than those of the control healthy mothers (50.2 ± 2.3 ng/mL, 300 ± 6.1 ng/g, respectively) and the non‐pregnant women (58.1 ± 3.1 ng/mL, 315 ± 7.6 ng/g, respectively). Maternal selenium deficiency during early gestation was thought to be one of the factors responsible in the pathogenesis of miscarriage. More studies on maternal selenium status during pregnancy are needed. J. Trace Elem. Med. 15:97–101, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
State‐state transitions for CCl2(X1A1, A1B1, a3B1) radical and collisional quenching of CCl2(A1B1 and a3B1) by O2, N2, NO, N2O, NH3, and various aminated molecules
Authors: Gao Yide , Ran Qin , Chen Yang , Chen Congxiang 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCCl2 free radicals were produced by a pulsed dc discharge of CCl4 in Ar. Ground electronic state CCl2(X) radicals were electronically excited to the A1B1 (0,4,0) vibronic state with an Nd:YAG laser pumped dye laser at 541.52 nm. Experimental quenching data of excited CCl2(A1B1 and a3B1) by O2, N2, NO, N2O, NH3, NH(CH3)2, NH(C2H5)2, and N(C2H5)3 molecules were obtained by observing the time‐resolved total fluorescence signal of the excited CCl2 radical in a cell, which showed a superposition of two exponential decay components under the presence of quencher. The quenching rate constants kA of CCl2(A) state and ka of CCl2(a) state were derived by analyzing the experimental data according to a proposed three‐level model to deal with the CCl2(X1A1, A1B1, a3B1) system. The formation cross sections of complexes of electronically excited CCl2 radicals with O2, N2, NO, N2O, NH3, and aminated molecules were calculated by means of a collision‐complex model. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 351–356, 2002
Physical soil degradation induced by deforestation and slope modification in a temperate‐humid environment
Authors: Varela M.E. , De Blas E. , Benito E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBetween February 1998 and March 1999 physical soil degradation was studied in temperate‐humid NW Spain after deforestation and slope modification. Changes in bulk density, total porosity, pore size distribution, aggregate stability and soil mechanical strength indicated the degradation process. Slope levelling produced the greatest impact. A rapid recovery of physical properties was observed, with the exception of those related to the soil mechanical strength. The increased soil erosion needs agronomic studies to understand the long‐term benefits and adverse aspects of the land‐use changes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Skin protection for photosensitized patients
Authors: Schwarz Viola A. , Klein Sabine D. , Hornung René , Knochenmuss Richard , Wyss Pius , Fink Daniel , Haller Urs , Walt Heinrich 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to evaluate various creams for their capability to protect photosensitized skin from visible light.Study Design/Materials and MethodsTwo cover creams and creams containing various combinations of Vaseline with TiO2, ZnO, and Fe2O3 were used to measure the reduced light transmission and the light absorption spectrum. In vitro and in vivo tests were performed to assess the protection from light by above mentioned compounds.ResultsThe cover creams and the 50% TiO2 cream showed similar efficacy in reducing light transmission, while the sunscreen was less efficient by a factor of 5. Cell protection by 25% TiO2+25% ZnO, TiO2, or the cover creams was more efficient than protection by the sunscreen or other compounds. In vivo, the dark cover cream protected the skin by a factor of 3.4 better than the sunscreen.ConclusionsThe dark cover cream has acceptable properties to protect photosensitized skin. Lasers Surg. Med. 29:252–259, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Promoter CpG methylation of Hox‐a10 and Hox‐a11 in mouse uterus not altered upon neonatal diethylstilbestrol exposure*
Authors: Li Shuanfang , Ma Liang , Chiang Tung‐chin , Burow Matthew , Newbold Retha R. , Negishi Masahiko , Barrett J. Carl , Mclachlan John A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMouse abdominal B–like Hoxa genes are expressed and functionally required in the developing reproductive tracts. Mice lacking either Hoxa‐10 or Hoxa‐11, two of the AbdB Hoxa genes, exhibit abnormal uterine development similar to that induced by in utero diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure. Indeed, uterine Hoxa‐10 and Hoxa‐11 expression is potently repressed by perinatal DES exposure, providing a potential molecular mechanism for DES‐induced reproductive tract malformations. We have shown previously that DES can permanently alter uterine lactoferrin gene expression through modulation of the lactoferrin promoter methylation pattern. Here we ask whether a similar mechanism also functions to deregulate uterine Hoxa‐10 or Hoxa‐11 expression during neonatal DES exposure. We mapped the Hoxa‐10 promoter by cloning a 1.485 kb DNA fragment 5′ of the Hoxa‐10 exon1a. A 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) experiment revealed a transcription start site for the a10‐1 transcript. Functional analysis of the proximal 200‐bp sequences demonstrated significant promoter activity, confirming the location of the Hoxa‐10 promoter. Moreover, methylation assays performed on eight CpGs in Hoxa‐10 and 19 CpGs in Hoxa‐11 proximal promoters demonstrated that all these CpGs were highly unmethylated in both control and DES‐dosed mice from postnatal day 5 to day 30. Significant methylation around Hoxa‐10 and Hoxa‐11 promoters was only observed in DES‐induced uterine carcinomas in 18‐mo‐old mice. Our results suggest that DES‐induced downregulations of Hoxa‐10 or Hoxa‐11 gene expression are not associated with methylation changes in their proximal promoters and that gene imprinting by developmental DES exposure may be a gene‐specific phenomenon. Published 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Loss of mismatch repair activity in simian virus 40 large T antigen–immortalized BPH‐1 human prostatic epithelial cell line
Authors: Yeh Che‐Chung , Lee Celeste , Huang Mei‐Chuan , Dahiya Rajvir 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSimian virus 40 large T antigen (SVLTAg) has been used to immortalize cells; however, the mechanism leading to immortalization is still unclear. We hypothesize that DNA mismatch repair (MMR) activity is important during SVLTAg‐induced immortalization. To test this hypothesis, we used the SVLTAg‐immortalized cell line BPH‐1 derived from human benign prostate epithelial cells to analyze MMR activity and the expression of MMR genes (hMLH1, hPMS1, hPMS2, hMSH2, hMSH3, and hMSH6). The results demonstrated that BPH‐1 cells were deficient in repairing G:T, A:C, and G:G mispairs in bacteriophage M13mp2. Reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction experiments indicated MMR genes (hMSH3, hMSH6, and hPMS1) were expressed at a low level in BPH‐1 cells. In contrast, all six MMR genes were expressed in human benign prostate hyperplasia tissues. Downregulation of hMSH3, hMSH6, and hPMS1 genes is not a result of the hypermethylation mechanism because demethylation with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine did not restore expression of these genes. Although the hMLH1 gene is expressed in BPH‐1 cells, western blotting and exon analyses demonstrated that hMLH1 was mutated and/or deleted in BPH‐1 cells. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tremor associated with benign IgM paraproteinaemic neuropathy successfully treated with gabapentin
Authors: Saverino A. , Solaro C. , Capello E. , Trompetto C. , Abbruzzese G. , Schenone A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe describe a 76‐year‐old patient with a severe tremor due to chronic demyelinating neuropathy associated with a benign IgM paraproteinaemia that was successfully treated with gabapentin. The patient reached the full dose of 1,200 mg/day of gabapentin without side effects and showed a significant therapy‐related improvement of tremor and disability, as judged by the Fahn Tolosa Marin Rating Scale. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
The chorea of McLeod syndrome
Authors: Danek A. , Tison F. , Rubio J. , Oechsner M. , Kalckreuth W. , Monaco A.P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAmong the movement disorders associated with acanthocytosis, McLeod syndrome (McKusick 314850) is the one that is best characterized on the molecular level. Its defining feature is low reactivity of Kell erythrocyte antigens. This is due to absence of membrane protein KX that forms a complex with the Kell protein. KX is coded for by the XK gene on the X‐chromosome. We present six males (aged 29 to 60 years), with proven XK mutations, to discuss the chorea associated with McLeod syndrome. The movement disorder commonly develops in the fifth decade and is progressive. It affects the limbs, the trunk and the face.In addition to facial grimacing, involuntary vocalization can be present. In early stages there may only be some restlessness or slight involuntary distal movements of ankles and fingers. Lip‐biting and facial tics seem more common in autosomal recessive choreoacanthocytosis linked to chromosome 9. This, together with the absence of dysphagia in McLeod syndrome, may help in differential diagnosis. Recent findings suggest a role for the endothelin system of the striatum in the pathogenesis of McLeod syndrome. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Gracilis muscle neosphincter for treating urinary incontinence
Authors: Perez‐Abadia Gustavo , Van Aalst Vera C. , Palacio Martin M. , Werker Paul M.N. , Ren Xiaopin , Van Savage John , Fernandez Angel Garcia , Kon Moshe , Barker John H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test the anatomical and functional feasibility of using a gracilis muscle free flap to create a urinary sphincter. Anatomical studies were performed in 12 human cadavers and short‐term (n = 7) and long‐term (n = 8) functional studies were performed in dogs. In the short‐term functional studies, the left gracilis muscle was transferred into the pelvis and wrapped around the urethra and the right gracilis muscle was wrapped around a stent. A cuff electrode was placed on the muscle's nerve pedicle and used to stimulate the neosphincter while peak pressure, fatigue rate, and perfusion measurements were performed. In the long‐term functional studies, intramuscular electrodes were inserted into the neosphincter to stimulate the flap. The flaps were wrapped around the urethra and dogs were followed for 16 weeks, during which time urodynamic measurements were performed. Our anatomical studies demonstrated that the gracilis muscle free flap could be transferred into the pelvis to create a urinary neosphincter. Our short‐term functional study demonstrated that gracilis muscle free‐flap function and perfusion were not compromised by transfer. In our long‐term functional study, all neosphincters provided bladder outlet resistance pressures consistent with continence. Our anatomical, short‐term, and long‐term functional studies indicate that a gracilis muscle free‐flap neosphincter is an effective procedure for treating urinary incontinence. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 21:271‐280 2001
A regularization procedure for the auto‐correlation equation
Authors: Von Wolfersdorf L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe paper deals with the auto‐correlation equation and its regularization by means of a Lavrent'ev regularization procedure in L2. The solution of this quadratic integral equation of the first kind and of the regularized equation of the second kind are obtained by reduction to a boundary value problem for the Fourier transform of the solution. We prove convergence of the approximate solution to the exact solution and derive a stability estimate for the error. Copyright © John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of broadband microwave amplifier using lumped and distributed impedance transformers
Authors: Kim Nam‐Tae 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe design of impedance‐matching networks, which use lumped and distributed impedance transformers, is presented to achieve the broadband performance of microwave amplifiers. Matching circuits of an amplifier are constructed by cascading lumped and distributed impedance transformers that exhibit Chebyshev transfer characteristics. Element values and impedance transformation ratios for specified transformer structures are calculated and tabulated in terms of their insertion losses and ripples. To validate the performance of matching networks using lumped and distributed impedance transformers, the results are applied to the design of an octave‐band microwave transistor amplifier. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 405–408, 2001.
High‐performance L‐band series and parallel switches using low‐cost p‐i‐n diodes
Authors: Karmakar Nemai C. , Bialkowski Marek E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLow‐cost UHF‐band p‐i‐n diodes are used to develop high‐performance L‐band series and parallel switches. To stop the rectification of large RF signals, the diodes are biased at a large reverse‐bias voltage. Parasitic elements of the diodes are tuned out using LC circuits in biasing circuits without increasing the size of the switches. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 367–370, 2002.
Carbon isotopomers of tetrafluoroethylene: laser‐induced synthesis and NMR spectroscopic characterization
Authors: Kühn‐Velten J. H. , Hägele G. , Fuss W. , Hering P. , Ivanenko M. M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIsotopically selective multiphoton dissociation of CHClF2 produced a mixture of 12C/13C isotopomeric tetrafluoroethylenes. Specific NMR parameters for each isotopomer and the composition of this mixture were obtained from 13C and 19F NMR spectra by spectral analysis using consecutively lineshape and peak top iteration methods. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of glycoprotein hormone α‐subunits of laboratory animals
Authors: Suzuki Osamu , Mochida Keiji , Yamamoto Yoshie , Noguchi Yoko , Takano Kaoru , Matsuda Junichiro , Ogura Astuo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe common α‐subunit of glycoprotein hormones (CGα) is a core protein shared by follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH). In order to obtain a molecular basis for an efficient superovulation technique applicable to a wide range of animal species and to discuss the phylogenetic aspect based on molecules related to the reproductive system, we determined cDNA sequences of CGα in seven laboratory animals: the guinea pig, Mongolian gerbil, golden hamster, mastomys, Japanese field vole, the JF1 strain of Mus musculus molossinus, and rabbit. Comparison of the inferred CGα amino acid sequences of these animals and other mammals (human, mouse, rat, cow, pig, and sheep) showed that the signal peptides and the first ten residues at the N‐terminus of the apoprotein were variable, while the rest of the apoproteins were highly conserved. In particular, all rodents had a leucine residue at the apoprotein N‐terminus, except the guinea pig, which had a phenylalanine residue, as in the cow, pig, sheep, and rabbit. Phylogenetic trees constructed from amino acid sequences suggest a closer relationship between the guinea pig and artiodactyls than to rodents, confirming the taxonomic peculiarity of the guinea pig. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 335–342, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolution of octopod sperm I: Comparison of nuclear morphogenesis in Eledone and Octopus
Authors: Gimenez‐Bonafé Pepita , Ribes Enric , Zamora Maria J. , Kasinsky Harold E. , Chiva Manel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMorphogenesis of the Eledone cirrhosa sperm nucleus, as studied by electron microscopic techniques, is compared with that of Octopus vulgaris. Both species of cephalopods belong to the family Octopodidae. The results indicate that extensive nuclear helicoidization during E. cirrhosa spermiogenesis is brought about by modifications of the function of structural components already present in the late steps of O. vulgaris spermiogenesis. In particular, changes in the regulation of perinuclear microtubule contraction in E. cirrhosa spermatids, as well as a decrease in basicity of protamines, promote nuclear helicoidization. Disulphide bond formation between protamine molecules fixes the completely helicoidal shape of the nucleus in mature sperm of E. cirrhosa. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 357–362, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Supporting communication in young children with developmental disabilities
Authors: Kaiser Ann P. , Hester Peggy P. , McDuffie Andrea S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe behavior of parents, adult caregivers, and peers comprises the critical features of community support for the development of communication in young children with developmental disabilities. In a bio‐ecological model of development, communication development is the result of the interactions of individuals with specific characteristics, in particular contexts over time. From the perspective of this model, foundational findings of intervention research to current views of communication development in children with developmental disabilities are summarized. The contributions of individual child characteristics to child–caregiver interactions that support language development are illustrated based on research with children who have autism, Williams syndrome, Down syndrome, and children who use augmentative communication systems. Parent–child interaction and the quality and quantity of parent talk are discussed as factors in children's language development. The effects of young children's delayed language on their interactions with peers, the contributions of peers to children's language learning and use, and the critical features of classroom settings that support child language development are reviewed. MRDD Research Reviews 7:143–150, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reducing oblique flow effects in interleaved EPI with a centric reordering technique
Authors: Beck Gabriele , Li Debiao , Haacke E. Mark , Noll Tobias G. , Schad Lothar R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSegmented interleaved echo planar imaging offers a fast and efficient approach to magnetic resonance angiography. Unfortunately, this technique is particularly sensitive to oblique flow in the imaging plane. In this work, a mathematical analysis of oblique flow effects for several types of k‐space coverage is presented. The conventional linear acquisition scheme, an alternating centric and a nonalternating centric encoding scheme are compared with respect to their flow properties. It is shown both by simulations and imaging experiments that artifacts from oblique in‐plane flow are effectively reduced by both centric reordered phase‐encoding schemes. The nonalternating centric acquisition scheme is preferred to the alternating centric scheme due to the smoother phase error transition in k‐space in the presence of obliquely‐angled flow. Magn Reson Med 45:623–629, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perfusion imaging using spin‐labeling methods: Contrast‐ to‐noise comparison in functional MRI applications
Authors: Preibisch Christine , Haase Axel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this study the performance of FLASH imaging with selective inversion preparation for functional perfusion studies was investigated. In addition to the absolute quantification of perfusion by measurement of the longitudinal relaxation times with global (T1glob) and selective (T1sel) inversion, the measurement of absolute (BASE) and relative (FAIR) perfusion increases by subtraction of appropriately weighted images was also considered. The subject averages of absolute perfusion obtained by the quantitative method were 70.7 ± 4.0 ml/100g/min in gray matter, 10.2 ± 3.4 ml/100g/min in white matter, and 89.0 ± 3.1 ml/100g/min in visual cortex. These values, as well as the average increase of perfusion due to visual stimulation (44.4 ± 3.7 ml/100g/min), agree well with respective data reported by PET and other MRI studies. However, for individual subjects the standard deviations over single ROIs inside the visual cortex lay around 100% which prevented the detection of significant activation. BASE and FAIR, on the other hand, were able to detect significant activation in single subjects. The measured average perfusion increases were 51.7 ± 6.6 ml/100g/min and 56.5 ± 13.8%, respectively. Magn Reson Med 46:172–182, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Single‐shot EPI with signal recovery from the susceptibility‐induced losses
Authors: Song Allen W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA major problem in the gradient‐recalled echo‐planar imaging (EPI) method that also uses a long echo time (TE) is the severe signal loss in regions with large static field inhomogeneities. These regions include the ventral frontal, medial temporal, and inferior temporal lobes, which experience inhomogeneities induced by susceptibility effects commonly found near air/tissue interfaces. For functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that use both gradient‐recalled EPI at relatively long TE and high‐field scanners, this signal loss is severe, preventing investigation of certain human cognitive processes that involve these regions, such as memory and attention. Methods have been developed to recover this signal loss; however, most of them require multiple excitations and thus compromise temporal resolution. In this report, a new technique is described which achieves good signal recovery within a single excitation. It is anticipated that this technique will prove useful for fMRI studies in inhomogeneous areas that require high temporal resolution. Magn Reson Med 46:407–411, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.