bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conductive polymer nanocomposite incorporated with carbon nanotubes for effective electromagnetic interference shielding: A numerical study
Authors: Dubey Prakhar , Gupta Madhur , Kundalwal S. I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study presents a comprehensive numerical investigation of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capabilities of a conductive polymer nanocomposite incorporated with carbon nanotubes (CPNC) in the X‐band. The investigation is conducted using a commercial finite element simulation package, Ansys HFSS. The study focuses on analyzing the EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of CPNC by varying the weight percent (wt%) of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), thickness, and shape of the shielding material. Our outcomes show that the EMI SE of CPNC increases with the wt% of CNTs. Notably, a maximum EMI SE is observed around ~90 dB due to absorption (SEA) at a 4 mm pallet‐shaped CPNC and ~180 dB for a hollow cylindrical CPNC (22.86 mm outer diameter and 3 mm thickness) with 2 wt% of CNT. The EMI SE due to absorption (SEA) at a pallet thickness of 4 mm exhibits a significant improvement of ~107% compared to the SEA observed at a thickness of 1 mm. These findings highlight the exceptional absorption capabilities and lightweight nature of CPNC, rendering it a promising shielding material for aerospace and satellite communication applications.Highlights
EMI SE of CPNC increases with the wt% of CNT in the polypyrrole (PPy) matrix.
The percolation threshold is observed at a low 2 wt% concentration of CNT.
Thickness of the shielding material influences the EMI SE of CPNC.
CPNC provides absorption‐dominated shielding.
Quality monitoring and control for plasticization of acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene regrind polymer in injection molding
Authors: Chen Jian‐Yu , Wong Liang‐Ci , Huang Ming‐Shyan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo meet net‐zero carbon emissions in injection molding, it is desirable to use regrind polymers in plastic parts fabrication. However, the quality of regrind polymer differs from virgin polymer due to the effects of temperature, pressure, and shear stress in the prior molding process. Consequently, the molded components differ in quality compared to those made from virgin material. This study investigates the feasibility of enhancing the quality consistency of regrind plastic components by controlling melt quality in plasticization. The evaluation of melt quality involves extracting two quality metrics from the pressure signal (i.e., the peak pressure and the pressure integral). They are then used to adjust the plasticization parameters as required to ensure that the weight and dimensions of the final regrind parts approach those of parts produced using virgin polymer. The experimental results show that the pressure integral effectively indicates the quality variation of the molded part during the injection molding of regrind polymer. Notably, by adjusting the back pressure, the quality of the molded part closely resembles that of the part made from virgin feedstock after six shots.
Extended detailed balance modeling toward solar cells with cement‐based radiative coolers
Authors: Cagnoni Matteo , Testa Pietro , Dolado Jorge S. , Cappelluti Federica 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReducing the temperature of a solar cell increases its efficiency and lifetime. This can be achieved by radiative cooling, a passive and simple method relying on materials that dump heat into outer space by thermal emission within the atmosphere transparency window between 8 and
. As most radiative coolers are expensive or possibly UV unstable, we have recently proposed cement‐based solutions as a robust and cost‐effective alternative. However, the assessment model used describes the cell in the radiative limit and with perfect thermal coupling to the cooler, in line with the literature. In this work, we lift these two approximations, by incorporating Auger and Shockley–Read–Hall nonradiative recombination and a finite heat transfer coefficient at the cell/cooler interface, to obtain a thermal description of the cell/cooler stack closer to reality, while preserving the universality and transparency of the detailed‐balance approach. We use this model to demonstrate that the cell performance gains provided by a radiative cooler are underestimated in the radiative limit and are hence more prominent in devices with stronger nonradiative recombination. Furthermore, we quantify the relation between cell temperature and heat transfer coefficient at the cell/cooler interface and show how this can be used to define design requirements. The extended model developed, and the resulting observations provide important guidelines toward the practical realization of novel radiative coolers for solar cells, including cement‐based ones.
Targeted improvement of plant‐based protein: Genome‐wide association mapping of a lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) diversity panel
Authors: Johnson Nathan , Boatwright J. Lucas , Bridges William , Thavarajah Pushparajah , Kumar Shiv , Thavarajah Dil 
Published: December 2023

Societal Impact StatementThe world is increasingly looking to plant‐based sources to meet its protein needs. Multiple factors are driving this progression, ranging from nutritional and ethical considerations to climate change and population growth. As a pulse crop, lentil is ideal to help meet this change in demand. However, plant‐based proteins have limiting amino acids and lower protein digestibility compared to animal‐based proteins. This research identifies genetic markers that can be used to accelerate breeding of protein quality traits in lentil to ultimately help meet the rising demand in high‐quality plant‐based protein and bolster global food and nutritional security.Summary

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) contains ~25% high‐quality protein in addition to high concentrations of prebiotic carbohydrates and micronutrients, such as folate, iron, zinc, and selenium. As animal‐based protein's economic and environmental costs rise, plant‐based protein sources, such as lentil, will become increasingly important to global food systems. Consequently, evaluating and targeting protein quality traits for genomic‐assisted breeding is a valuable objective for lentil breeding programs.
A diversity panel of 183 breeding lines was analyzed for protein quality traits, including amino acids and protein digestibility. Genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) data were used to assess population structure and conduct genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). Genes in local linkage disequilibrium (LD) with significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were identified and categorized by homology.
Protein quality traits showed a wide range of variation. Repeatability estimates were low to moderate across traits. Twelve traits were strongly correlated with each other (r > .7). Admixture analysis identified six ancestral subpopulations, which also demonstrated clustering in principal component analysis. Ten different traits had significant SNP associations; two loci were shared across multiple traits. Twenty‐seven candidate genes, including glutathione S‐transferase, protease family, and gibberellin 2‐beta‐dioxygenase genes, were identified.
This paper identifies SNP markers associated with lentil protein quality traits. Once validated, these SNPs could accelerate lentil protein quality breeding efforts. By targeting lentil's limiting amino acids (methionine and cysteine) and protein digestibility through marker‐assisted selection, the nutritional value of lentil's protein content could be increased without the need to alter total protein content.
Evidence of direct interaction between cisplatin and the caspase‐cleaved prostate apoptosis response‐4 tumor suppressor
Authors: Raut Krishna K. , Pandey Samjhana , Kharel Gyanendra , Pascal Steven M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProstate apoptosis response‐4 (Par‐4) tumor suppressor protein has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target owing to its unique ability to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells, sensitize them to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and mitigate drug resistance. It has recently been reported that Par‐4 interacts synergistically with cisplatin, a widely used anticancer drug. However, the mechanistic details underlying this relationship remain elusive. In this investigation, we employed an array of biophysical techniques, including circular dichroism spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, to characterize the interaction between the active caspase‐cleaved Par‐4 (cl‐Par‐4) fragment and cisplatin. Additionally, elemental analysis was conducted to quantitatively assess the binding of cisplatin to the protein, utilizing inductively coupled plasma‐optical emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Our findings provide evidence of direct interaction between cl‐Par‐4 and cisplatin, and reveal a binding stoichiometry of 1:1. This result provides insights that could be useful in enhancing the efficacy of cisplatin‐based and tumor suppressor‐based cancer therapies.
Quantitative delineation of water sources in the river Ganga using stable water isotopes
Authors: Kumar Anurag , Basu Sayak , Ajay Ajay , Jha Deepak Kumar , Sanyal Prasanta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractQuantitative delineation of water sources in a large river system is essential for the sustainable use of water. In the present study, we have tested two different methodologies to estimate the contribution from different water sources in the river Ganga. The first model uses stable isotopes and physicochemical parameters of water to delineate the contribution of glacier‐melt, groundwater, and surface runoff in different stretches of the river Ganga. The end member‐based mixing model provides glacier‐melt contribution of ~31.2%, ~5.5%, and ~0.5% in the upper, middle, and lower stretch of the river Ganga. The model showed maximum contribution from groundwater (~66.3%) in the middle stretch and surface runoff (~57.2%) in the lower stretch of the river Ganga. However, the uncertainties in the estimates from the three‐component mixing model were significantly high due to temporal variability in the end member values. To provide estimates with lower uncertainty, an alternate method (discharge dependent budget estimation [DDBE]) has been proposed which delineates the contribution of groundwater and surface runoff in small segments of the river. The DDBE model confines the calculation for budget estimates to smaller segments of the river and hence leads to lower uncertainties in the results, providing improved systematic estimation of water budget for large river systems. In the present study, estimates from the DDBE model suggest that groundwater contributes ~79% of the additional water whereas the contribution from surface runoff is ~21% in the middle and lower stretch of the river Ganga. The DDBE model was successfully applied in 5 small segments along the stretch of the river Ganga and the methodology used shows great potential for systematic delineation of water sources in large river system.
Investigating the role of entrepreneurship in advancing renewable energy for sustainable development: Evidence from a System‐GMM panel data approach
Authors: Karimi Mohammad Sharif , Doostkouei Saleh Ghavidel , Shaiban Mohammed , Easvaralingam Yalini , Khan Yousaf Ali 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEntrepreneurship serves as a driving force for the advancement of renewable energy. Entrepreneurs are often at the forefront of innovation, bringing new technologies and business models to the clean energy sector. This study conducts a comprehensive examination of the intricate relationship between entrepreneurship and renewable energy production in 23 developed countries throughout the period from 2000 to 2020. For this purpose, the impact of 11 sub‐index of entrepreneurship on renewable energy production has been estimated. The method is dynamic panel data with the system GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) technique. After estimating 11 entrepreneurship sub‐indices effects separately on renewable energy production, the impact of each is ranked. The findings showed that the impact rank of 11 sub‐indexes of entrepreneurship on renewable energy production is as follows: Commercial and professional infrastructure (CP), R&D transfer (RD), Physical and services infrastructure (PS), Governmental support and policies (GS), Taxes and bureaucracy (TB), Governmental programs (GP), Internal market openness (MO), Internal market dynamics (MD), Post‐school entrepreneurial education and training (PE), Basic school entrepreneurial education and training (BE), and Cultural and social norms (CS). The importance of Commercial and professional infrastructure (CP) as an entrepreneurship sub‐indices is 2 times more than R&D transfer (RD), so Commercial and professional infrastructure is vital for the development of entrepreneurship that affects the production of renewable energies. This study not only underscores the central role of entrepreneurship in driving the adoption of renewable energy but also provides essential insights into key policy measures to accelerate the transition to sustainable energy sources. It highlights the urgency of addressing environmental challenges and emphasizes the imperative for collaboration among governments, NGOs, and educational institutions to achieve these critical goals.
Infrabanking: Mobilizing capital in communist Cuba
Authors: Wig Ståle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn 2011, the Cuban government authorized banks to start offering loan credit to the country's growing number of small businesses for the first time since the beginning of the revolution. Yet in the following years, citizens have largely circumvented these services. This article draws on twenty months of fieldwork among market traders in Havana to examine why so few Cubans rely on the formal banking system to secure capital. It analyzes alternative methods people employ to organize their financial futures, by leveraging kinship ties, partnerships, friendships, property, and loan sharks, and by participating in rotating savings and credit associations. To understand the advantages these approaches offer to mobilize capital, it is crucial to grasp how people navigate their economic lives in ways that are influenced but not dictated by short‐term considerations of net profit. Nonmonetary concerns about access, time frame, and visibility lead people to raise and store wealth outside the formal banking system, constituting a domain I call infrabanking: banking practices that are too far removed from the established assumptions about banking to be perceived as part of the same phenomenon.
Estimations of value in “Belgrade's Amazonia”
Authors: Kojanić Ognjen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this article, I analyze the arguments marshaled in favor of and against the project to build a new port on the Danube River in the wetland area popularly referred to as Belgrade's Amazonia. Building on scholarship on ascribing value to infrastructures and the environment, I use the term estimation to highlight ambiguity in the process of ongoing and open‐ended valuation. Estimation denotes a rough determination of value, a process of valuation based on approximation rather than measurement or enumeration. In estimations articulated by disparate social actors in this case, various economic and socioenvironmental values sometimes clashed, sometimes blended with one another. The flexibility in the use of registers of value enabled contradictory outcomes: a coalition was formed to protect Belgrade's Amazonia despite the heterogeneous arguments against the project, and later, the project's critique was co‐opted by the government. Estimations are fundamentally open to opportunistic political uses owing to their malleability, with implications for the politics of valuation with regard to infrastructures and environmental protection more broadly.
Enhanced Ion Transport Through Mesopores Engineered with Additional Adsorption of Layered Double Hydroxides Array in Alkaline Flow Batteries
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Zhang Kun , Li Hao , Hu Jing , Zheng Menglian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEfficient mass transfer in electrodes is essential for the electrochemical processes of battery charge and discharge, especially at high rates and capacities. This study introduces a 3D electrode design featuring layered double hydroxides (LDHs) nanosheets array grown in situ on a carbon felt surface for flow batteries. The mesoporous structure and surface characteristic of LDH nanosheets, especially, the hydroxyl groups forming a unique “H‐bonding‐like” geometry with ferrous cyanide ions, facilitate efficient adsorption and ion transport. Thus, the designed LDHs electrode enables the alkaline zinc‐iron flow battery to maintain a voltage efficiency of 81.6% at an ultra‐high current density of 320 mA cm−2, surpassing the values reported in previous studies. The energy efficiency remains above 84% after 375 cycles at a current density of 240 mA cm−2. Molecular dynamics simulations verify the enhanced adsorption effect of LDH materials on active ions, thus facilitating ion transport in the battery. This study provides a novel approach to improve mass transport in electrodes for alkaline flow batteries and other energy storage devices.
The design and synthesis of Prussian blue analogs as a sustainable cathode for sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Fan Siwei , Liu Yijie , Gao Yun , Liu Yang , Qiao Yun , Li Li , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) present great appeal in various energy storage systems, especifically for stationary grid storage, on account of the abundance of sources and low cost. Unfortunately, the commercialization of SIBs is mainly limited by available electrode materials, especially for the cathodes. Prussian blue analogs (PBAs), emerge as a promising alternative for their structural feasibility in the application of SIBs. Decreasing the defects (vacancies and coordinated water) is an effective strategy to achieve superior electrochemical performance during the synthetic processes. Herein, we summarize crystal structures, synthetic methods, electrochemical mechanisms, and the influences of synthesis conditions of PBAs in detail. This comprehensive overview on the current research progresses of PBAs will give guides and directions to solve the existing problems for their application in SIBs.
Cadmium‐induced global DNA hypermethylation promoting mitochondrial dynamics dysregulation in hippocampal neurons
Authors: Geng Huixia , An Qihang , Song Jie , He Dongling , Han Huimin , Wang Lai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEnvironmental cadmium exposure during pregnancy or adolescence can cause neurodevelopmental toxicity, lead to neurological impairment, and reduce cognitive abilities, such as learning and memory. However, the mechanisms by which cadmium causes neurodevelopmental toxicity and cognitive impairment are still not fully elucidated. This study used hippocampal neurons cultured in vitro to observe the impact of cadmium exposure on mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis. Exposure to 5 μM cadmium causes degradation of hippocampal neuron cell bodies and axons, morphological destruction, low cell viability, and apoptosis increase. Cadmium exposure upregulates the expression of mitochondrial fission proteins Drp1 and Fis1, reduces the expression of mitochondrial fusion‐related proteins MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1, as well as reduces the expression of PGC‐1a. Mitochondrial morphology detection demonstrated that cadmium exposure changes the morphological structure of mitochondria in hippocampal neurons, increasing the number of punctate and granular mitochondria, reducing the number of tubular and reticular mitochondria, decreasing mitochondrial mass, dissipating mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and reducing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Cadmium exposure increases the global methylation level of the genome and upregulates the expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3α in hippocampal neurons. 5‐Aza‐CdR reduces cadmium‐induced genome methylation levels in hippocampal neurons, increases the number of tubular and reticular mitochondria, and promotes cell viability. In conclusion, cadmium regulates the expression of mitochondrial dynamics‐related proteins by increasing hippocampal neuron genome methylation, changing mitochondrial morphology and function, and exerting neurotoxic effects.
Curcumin attenuates diphenyl phosphate‐induced apoptosis in GC‐2spd(ts) cells through activated autophagy via the Nrf2/P53 pathway
Authors: Wei Lai , Li Siwen , Ma Yu , Ye Shuzi , Yuan Yu , Zeng Yuan , Raza Tausif , Xiao Fang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiphenyl phosphate (DPhP) is one of the frequently used derivatives of aryl phosphate esters and is used as a plasticizer in industrial production. Like other plasticizers, DPhP is not chemically bound and can easily escape into the environment, thereby affecting human health. DPhP has been associated with developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, neurodevelopmental toxicity, and interference with thyroid homeostasis. However, understanding of the underlying mechanism of DPhP on the reproductive toxicity of GC‐2spd(ts) cells remains limited. For the first time, we investigated the effect of DPhP on GC‐2spd(ts) cell apoptosis. By decreasing nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2‐related factor (Nrf2)/p53 signaling, DPhP inhibited autophagy and promoted apoptosis. DPhP reduced total antioxidant capacity and nuclear Nrf2 and its downstream target gene expression. In addition, we investigated the protective effects of Curcumin (Cur) against DPhP toxicity. Cur attenuated the DPhP‐induced rise in p53 expression while increasing Nrf2 expression. Cur inhibited DPhP‐induced apoptosis in GC‐2spd(ts) cells by activating autophagy via Nrf2/p53 signaling. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into the reproductive toxicity hazards of DPhP and demonstrates that Cur is an important therapeutic agent for alleviating DPhP‐induced reproductive toxicity by regulating Nrf2/p53 signaling.
Flat from anti de Sitter
Authors: Campoleoni Andrea , Delfante Arnaud , Pekar Simon , Petropoulos P. Marios , Rivera-Betancour David , Vilatte Matthieu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ricci-flat solutions to Einstein’s equations in four dimensions are obtained as the flat limit of Einstein spacetimes with negative cosmological constant. In the limiting process, the anti-de Sitter energy-momentum tensor is expanded in Laurent series in powers of the cosmological constant, endowing the system with the infinite number of boundary data, characteristic of an asymptotically flat solution space. The governing flat Einstein dynamics is recovered as the limit of the original energy-momentum conservation law and from the additional requirement of the line-element finiteness, providing at each order the necessary set of flux-balance equations for the boundary data. This analysis is conducted using a covariant version of the Newman-Unti gauge designed for taking advantage of the boundary Carrollian structure emerging at vanishing cosmological constant and its Carrollian attributes such as the Cotton tensor.
Non-invertible symmetries and RG flows in the two-dimensional O(n) loop model
Authors: Jacobsen Jesper Lykke , Saleur Hubert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In a recent paper, Gorbenko and Zan [1] observed that O(n) symmetry alone does not protect the well-known renormalization group flow from the dilute to the dense phase of the two-dimensional O(n) model under thermal perturbations. We show in this paper that the required “extra protection” is topological in nature, and is related to the existence of certain non-invertible topological defect lines. We define these defect lines and discuss the ensuing topological protection, both in the context of the O(n) lattice model and in its recently understood continuum limit, which takes the form of a conformal field theory governed by an interchiral algebra.