bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DYNAMIC CHANGES IN HEALTH INDICATORS OF THE POPULATION OF THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: Karpova Oksana B. , Zagoruychenko Anna A. , Bashkueva Elena Yu. 
Published: February 2024

HighlightsThe results of the study revealed a recent increase in the mortality of the rural population in the Siberian Federal District, and in Russia in general, which required a separate study to identify its causes. Thus, new management solutions should be developed to improve the resource capacity of the healthcare system in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. AbstractBackground. Currently, the main strategic goals include increasing life expectancy, reducing mortality rates of the country`s population and improving medical and demographic indicators. This task is becoming especially relevant in rural areas.Aim. To analyze changes in public health indicators of the rural population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic using the Siberian Federal District data.Methods. The research methods that were used in this study are as follows: statistical and comparative analysis, and generalization on the basis of prior experience. For the analysis the statistical data and reports from the Ministry of Health of Russia, Federal State Statistics Service, and the Siberian Federal District were selected.Results. The analysis of demographic indicators in the Siberian Federal District for the period from 2018 to 2021 showed higher mortality rates compared to the national average, especially in the Altai Territory (1.2 times higher). In 2020 the overall incidence in rural areas both in the Russian Federation as a whole and in the Siberian Federal District decreased for almost all types of diseases (respiratory diseases -2.4%, digestive diseases -13.4%, diseases of the circulatory system -5.3%, infectious and parasitic diseases -11.8%, malignancies -5.3%, injuries and poisoning -5.2%) compared to 2019, whereas there was a growth of the indicator in 2021 in the district being 14% higher than in the Russian Federation. The incidence rate of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and life expectancy at birth in the rural population are given, but it should be noted that although the incidence rate of COVID-19 in 2021 in the Omsk region was lower than the national average, mortality from this disease remains the highest in the Siberian Federal District and it exceeded the national average by 1.4 times. To assess the availability of medical care in rural areas, the indicators of the availability of medical personnel and hospital beds were analyzed, showing a steady downward trend.Conclusion. The results of this study make it possible to identify new directions and initiatives for the development of management strategies to improve the resource capacity of the healthcare system at the federal and regional levels.
Racial and Ethnic Disaggregation of Tuberculosis Incidence and Risk Factors Among American Indian and Alaska Native Persons—United States, 2001–2020
Authors: Springer Yuri P. , Filardo Thomas D. , Woodruff Rachel S. , Self Julie L. 
Published: February 2024

Objectives. To examine impacts of racial and ethnic disaggregation on the characterization of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons in the United States. Methods. Using data reported to the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System during 2001 to 2020, we compared annual age-adjusted TB incidence and the frequency of TB risk factors among 3 AI/AN analytic groups: non-Hispanic AI/AN alone persons, multiracial/Hispanic AI/AN persons, and all AI/AN persons (aggregate of the first 2 groups). Results. During 2009 to 2020, annual TB incidence (cases per 100 000 persons) among non-Hispanic AI/AN alone persons (range = 3.87–8.56) was on average 1.9 times higher than among all AI/AN persons (range = 1.89–4.70). Compared with non-Hispanic AI/AN alone patients with TB, multiracial/Hispanic AI/AN patients were significantly more likely to be HIV positive (prevalence ratio [PR] = 2.05) and to have been diagnosed while a resident of a correctional facility (PR = 1.71), and significantly less likely to have experienced homelessness (PR = 0.53) or died during TB treatment (PR = 0.47). Conclusions. Racial and ethnic disaggregation revealed significant differences in TB epidemiology among AI/AN analytic groups. Exclusion of multiracial/Hispanic AI/AN persons from AI/AN analytic groups can substantively affect estimates of racial and ethnic health disparities. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(2):226–236. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307498 )
Rotational shallow water equations with viscous damping and boundary control: structure-preserving spatial discretization
Authors: Cardoso-Ribeiro Flávio Luiz , Haine Ghislain , Lefèvre Laurent , Matignon Denis 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This paper is dedicated to structure-preserving spatial discretization of shallow water dynamics. First, a port-Hamiltonian formulation is provided for the two-dimensional rotational shallow water equations with viscous damping. Both tangential and normal boundary port variables are introduced. Then the corresponding weak form is derived and a partitioned finite element method is applied to obtain a finite-dimensional continuous-time port-Hamiltonian approximation. Four simulation scenarios are investigated to illustrate the approach and show its effectiveness.
WITHDRAWN: Rohingya Women’s Knowledge about Pregnancy Termination in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh: A Community-Based Study in Four Camps
Authors: Moore Ann M. , Afsana Kaosar , Mondal Pragna Paramita , Tignor Mira , Mulhern Octavia , Hussain Rubina , Hossain Altaf 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
A metabolic synthetic lethality of PI3K-driven cancer
Authors: Asnafi Vahid , Andrieu Guillaume , Simonin Mathieu , Cabannes-Hamy Aurélie , Lengliné Etienne , Marçais Ambroise , Théron Alexandre , Huré Grégoire , Doss Jérome , Dourthe Marie Emilie , BOISSEL Nicolas , Dombret Hervé , Rousselot Philippe , Hermine Olivier 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The deregulated activation of the PI3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is a hallmark of aggressive tumors with metabolic plasticity, eliciting their adaptation to the microenvironment and resistance to chemotherapy. A significant gap lies between the biological features of PI3K-driven tumors and the specific targeting of their vulnerabilities. Here, we explored the metabolic liabilities of PI3K-altered T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), an aggressive hematological cancer with dismal outcomes. We revealed a metabolic crosstalk linking glutaminolysis and glycolysis driven by PI3K signaling alterations. Pharmaceutical inhibition of mTOR revealed the singular plasticity of PI3K-altered cells toward the mobilization of glutamine as a salvage pathway to ensure their survival. Subsequently, the combination of glutamine degradation and mTOR inhibition demonstrates robust cytotoxicity in PI3K-driven solid and hematological tumors in pre-clinical and clinical settings. We propose a novel therapeutic strategy to circumvent metabolic adaptation and efficiently target PI3K-driven cancer.
Molecularly stratified hypothalamic astrocytes are cellular foci for obesity
Authors: Harkany Tibor , Tretiakov Evgenii , Varela Luis , Jarc Jasna , Rebernik Patrick , Newbold Sylvia , Keimpema Erik , Verkhratsky Alexei , Horvath Tamas , Romanov Roman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Astrocytes safeguard the homeostasis of the central nervous system1,2. Despite their prominent morphological plasticity under conditions that challenge the brain’s adaptive capacity3–5, the classification of astrocytes, and relating their molecular make-up to spatially devolved neuronal operations that specify behavior or metabolism, remained mostly futile6,7. Although it seems unexpected in the era of single-cell biology, the lack of a major advance in stratifying astrocytes under physiological conditions rests on the incompatibility of ‘neurocentric’ algorithms that rely on stable developmental endpoints, lifelong transcriptional, neurotransmitter, and neuropeptide signatures for classification6–8 with the dynamic functional states, anatomic allocation, and allostatic plasticity of astrocytes1. Simplistically, therefore, astrocytes are still grouped as ‘resting’ vs. ‘reactive’, the latter referring to pathological states marked by various inducible genes3,9,10. Here, we introduced a machine learning-based feature recognition algorithm that benefits from the cumulative power of published single-cell RNA-seq data on astrocytes as a reference map to stepwise eliminate pleiotropic and inducible cellular features. For the healthy hypothalamus, this walk-back approach revealed gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that specified subsets of astrocytes, and could be used as landmarking tools for their anatomical assignment. The core molecular censuses retained by astrocyte subsets were sufficient to stratify them by allostatic competence, chiefly their signaling and metabolic interplay with neurons. Particularly, we found differentially expressed mitochondrial genes in insulin-sensing astrocytes and demonstrated their reciprocal signaling with neurons that work antagonistically within the food intake circuitry. As a proof-of-concept, we showed that disrupting Mfn2 expression in astrocytes reduced their ability to support dynamic circuit reorganization, a time-locked feature of satiety in the hypothalamus, thus leading to obesity in mice. Overall, our results suggest that astrocytes in the healthy brain are fundamentally more heterogeneous than previously thought and topologically mirror the specificity of local neurocircuits.
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) Optimal Value in Diagnosing Overlapping Fibromyalgia: A Multivariate Study on Knee Osteoarthritis Short running head: WOMAC Value in Diagnosing Overlapping Fibromyalgia
Authors: Hajighadery Abdolkarim , Jazi Kimia , Roodposhti Mohaddeseh Ebrahimpour , Safari Roxana , Parsaei Amirhossein , Amini Behnam , Masoumi Maryam , Shajari Rasoul , Aghaali Mohammad , Rezaei Somaye Sadat 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
In the current study we aim to assess the prevalence of overlapping FM in a population of knee OA patients and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of WOMAC for FM in OA patients.
Methods:
We recruited a consecutive sample of 100 knee OA patients. They were assessed for pain, stiffness and function using WOMAC and overlapping FM using ACR 2010 criteria. To find independent predictors for fibromyalgia diagnosis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized. ROC curves and Youden's J index were used to identify the best cutoff values for predictor parameters.
Results:
41 in 100 OA patients also had fibromyalgia based on ACR criteria. Age, BMI and WOMAC score were significantly higher in patients with overlapping FM than patients without FM. Univariate analysis identified that the age, BMI and WOMAC score (Ps = 0.029, 0.041, and < 0.001, respectively) are significantly associated with overlapping FM diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, WOMAC score (OR: 0.93 (95% CI 0.90–0.97), P < 0.001) was identified as independent predictors of overlapping FM. Using ROC, the AUC of WOMAC score was 0.715 (95%CI: 0.614–0.817) and the optimum cutoff point for WOMAC for FM was 43.5.
Conclusions:
It is concluded from this study that WOMAC scores > 43.5 are useful for suggesting FM as a secondary diagnosis in knee OA patients. Future studies are necessary to establish the results of the current study in a more general context, given the limited available evidence.
Effect of dolostone fillers on the durable properties of mortars
Authors: Barsi Antonela Di Salvo , Cordoba Gisela , Trezza Mónica , Irassar Fabián 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the durable performance of well-curing mortars with varying replacement levels of dolostone filler (0–30% by mass) in comparison with the same replacement of limestone filler and the stability of mortars with dolostone filler for 2 years at 40 oC. Compressive strength, total porosity, capillary water absorption, and chloride migration coefficients were determined. Results show that compressive strength decreases, and the total porosity increases with increasing filler content due to a dilution effect, regardless of the filler composition. The capillary water absorption and the chloride migration coefficients rise significantly for mortars with 20–30% filler. But, the dolostone filler cements have lower chloride coefficients than those with limestone blended cements. Mortars with dolostone show no length changes without later reduction of compressive strength, and XRD and FT-IR analyses suggest the formation of hydrotalcite-like phases.
Tumour-associated and non-tumour-associated bacteria co-abundance groups in colorectal cancer
Authors: liang yuxuan , Yu Jing , Zhang Qingrong , Hu Wenyan , Xu Sihua , Xiao Yiyuan , Ding Hui , Zhou Jiaming , Chen Haitao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background & Aims:
Gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the differences of bacterial co-abundance groups (CAGs) between tumor tissue (TT) and adjacent normal tissue (NT), as well as their associations with clinical features, were need to be clarified.
Methods
Bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing was performed by using TT samples and NT samples of 251 patients with colorectal cancer. Microbial diversity, taxonomic characteristics, microbial composition, and functional pathways were compared between TT and NT. Hierarchical clustering was used to construct CAGs.
Results
Four CAGs were grouped in the hierarchical cluster analysis. CAG 2, which was mainly comprised of pathogenic bacteria, was significantly enriched in TT samples (2.27% in TT vs. 0.78% in NT, p < 0.0001). While CAG 4, which was mainly comprised of non-pathogenic bacteria, was significantly enriched in NT samples (0.62% in TT vs. 0.79% in NT, p = 0.0004). In addition, CAG 2 was also significantly associated with tumor microsatellite status (13.2% in unstable vs. 2.0% in stable, p = 0.016) and CAG 4 was positively correlated with the level of CA199 (r = 0.17, p = 0.009).
Conclusions
our research will deepen our understanding of the interactions among multiple bacteria and offer insights into the potential mechanism of NT to TT transition.
Changes in knowledge and management skills of ANMs to screen, manage and refer pregnant women with five high-risk conditions: Results from a pre-post-training and a six-month follow-up assessment in Telangana, India.
Authors: Modugu Hanimi Reddy , Purad Chetan , S Padmaja , Addala Aparna , Dittakavi Sandhya , Alla Sirichandana Reddy , Yadhatia Karthik , Padmabhan Ramesh , Hegde Aparna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BackgroundAuxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs) are key providers of maternal, newborn and child health services, and are the first point of contact for high-risk pregnancies (HRPs). In partnership with Government of Telangana, under Integrated High-Risk Pregnancy Tracking and Management (IHRPTM) program, all the ANMs of the state were trained to screen and manage five HRPs: anaemia; gestational diabetes-GD; pregnancy induced hypertension-PIH; ante-partum haemorrhage-APH; and quality-Antenatal care (ANC). Assessed pre- and post-class-room and six months after class-room training capabilities of ANMs.MethodsImmediate-gains through class-room-training and six-months after class-room training knowledge/skills from 7,553 and 529 ANMs respectively, were assessed using a checklist of 15 questions per HRP-condition. Also obtained, qualitative insights about class-room training.ResultsDue to class-room training, there was 8–17% improvement in immediate-gain in knowledge/skills to diagnose, manage/refer women with HRPs. Improvement in mean correct responses (out of 15 questions per-HRP) between pre-and-post-training assessments was maximum for GD: mean 7.6 at pre-training, improved to 10.2 by post-training; APH: 9.7 to 11.7; quality-ANC: 10.2 to 11.7; PIH: 9.3 to 10.7; and anaemia:11.0 to 12.3. Gain in knowledge/skills as Cohen’s-d effect-size was large (0.7–0.8) for GD, APH, quality-ANC, PIH, and medium (0.6) for anaemia, as pre-training knowledge/skills was already better for anaemia. Mean gain per HRP was more than three questions in four districts and < 0.5 questions in two districts. Mean gain did not differ much according to age, work experience and training-time. As compared to pre-training level, retention of knowledge/skills, six-to-nine months after class-room training dropped substantially (Cohen’s-d effect-size ≤ 0.2) for all HRPs, except for anaemia (d = 0.4). Training gave them confidence to stabilize emergency cases at sub-centre level before referring to higher facility!ConclusionThrough IHRPTM’s protocol-based training: screening, management/referral of HRPs by ANMs is feasible. Standardized-training supplemented with handholding leads to provision of obstetric care.
Chemical Analyses and Geographical Origins of Residential Attic Dust in Central South Africa
Authors: Westhuizen Deidré van der , Welman-Purchase Megan , Wichmann Janine , von Eschwege Karel G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) serves as widely used air pollution proxy indicator. Substantial supporting evidence links exposure to PM with adverse health effects. This study compared chemical and morphological properties of long-term accumulated particulate matter, and possible sources, from various locations in Bloemfontein, Kimberley and Vanderbijlpark residential areas. Samples were collected from the attics of houses built over forty years ago. Cluster sources were identified by analysing four decades of backward Long-Range Transport (LRT) clustering techniques. Particle morphology and elemental composition of samples were determined using scanning electron microscopy with electron dispersive spectroscopy, and mineral content by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and electron probe microscopy techniques. Considering a period spanning over 4 decades, several PM origins were determined by a combination of LRT cluster and mineral analyses, pointing to various moving sources all over Southern Africa.
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes as Prognostic Markers in a Brazilian Population with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy-Treated Breast Cancer: A survival study.
Authors: LEITE RENATA MONTARROYOS , BRITO HUGO LEITE DE FARIAS , BRITO ERIKA DE ABREU COSTA , LIMA CARLOS ANSELMO , BARRETO IKARO DANIEL DE CARVALHO 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer is recognized as a heterogeneous disease, displaying distinct responses to treatments in different populations. In recent decades, the role of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) has been acknowledged as prognostic and predictive of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Our study aimed to assess the association between 5-year overall survival and the percentage of TILs in a state of Brazil. It is a uni and multivariate analyses using a retrospective cohort of breast carcinoma patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical treatment. Core biopsy slides were reanalyzed to evaluate the quantity of TILs. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and adjusted through Cox regression modeling. There was no significant difference between patients exhibiting complete pathological response and those who did not, concerning the quantity of TILs and its influence on overall survival in this study. However, a distinction in 5-year survival was observed, with 79.3% in patients with TILs below 5% compared to 49.9% in those with TILs above 5%. This trend persisted across all subtypes, but reached statistical significance in Her 2-positive and triple-negative subtypes, indicating that TILs might serve as a determinant factor in the prognosis and survival of these patient subgroups.
Effect of Temperature and Precipitation on Acute Appendicitis Incidence in Seoul: A Time Series Regression Analysis
Authors: Baek Kiook , Park Sangjin , Park Chulyong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between meteorological factors, specifically temperature and precipitation, and the incidence of appendicitis in Seoul, South Korea.
Methods
Using data from the National Health Insurance Service spanning 2010–2020, the study analyzed 165,077 appendicitis cases in Seoul. Time series regression modeling with distributed-lag non-linear models was employed.
Results
Regarding acute appendicitis and daily average temperature, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) showed an increasing trend from approximately −10 °C to 10 °C. At temperatures above 10 °C, the increase was more gradual. The IRR approached a value close to 1 at temperatures below −10 °C and above 30 °C. Both total and complicated appendicitis exhibited similar trends. Increased precipitation was negatively associated with the incidence of total acute appendicitis around the 50 mm/day range, but not with complicated appendicitis.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that environmental factors, especially temperature, may play a role in the occurrence of appendicitis. This research underscores the potential health implications of global climate change and the need for further studies to understand the broader impacts of environmental changes on various diseases.
“Impact of Health Promotion Practices on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among Geriatric population in Karachi, Pakistan.”
Authors: Merchant Ambreen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background Demographic transition has resulted in increased life expectancy among older adults that will lead to the emergence of new illnesses, long-term impairments, and alterations in social attitudes. The need to prioritize actions for this population, with a focus on enhancing the quality of life, fostering autonomy and independence, and promoting active and healthy aging, has made health education for the elderly a topic of global interest due to current demographic and epidemiological changes. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of health promotion on enhancing health-related quality of life among elderly people in Karachi, Pakistan. Study Setting & Design: Data was collected at a Senior Citizen & Recreation center, located near the participants' residence in Karachi, Pakistan. A well-structured generic HRQoL instrument (SF-36) short form was used. Methods One-group pre-test and post-test interventional (Quasi-experimental) research design using a mixed method approach (Qualitative and Quantitative). Inferential statistics are drawn through paired sample t-test to compare the mean of pre-test HRQoL scores with post-test HRQoL scores. The qualitative analysis was made through a thematic categorical method. Results Revealed significant impact of health-promoting activities on 3 sub-scales of HRQoL. However, on other subscales of HRQoL, health-promoting interventions produced little impact. Conclusion Health promotion can play a significant role in improving health-related quality of life.