bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient heuristic search algorithm for discovering large Condorcet domains
Authors: Zhou Bei , Riis Søren 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We explore large peak-pit Condorcet domains (CD), an active research area in voting theory. The search for large CDs, defined combinatorially, serves as a benchmark for heuristic-based optimisation algorithms. Since 1996, Fishburn’s alternating scheme produced the largest known CDs for

$$n \le 15$$

n
≤
15

alternatives until recent discoveries surpassed it for

$$n = 8$$

n
=
8

and

$$n \ge 13$$

n
≥
13

. For

$$8< n < 13$$

8
<
n
<
13

, exhaustive searches are infeasible, necessitating the design of heuristic methods. We developed a novel algorithm using a specially designed heuristic function and a 5-alternative subset lookup database to obtain new record-size CDs in this critical range. This approach, distinct from existing methods used for

$$n \le 8$$

n
≤
8

, found new large peak-pit CDs: size 1082 (previously 1069) for

$$n = 10$$

n
=
10

, and 2349 (previously 2324) for

$$n = 11$$

n
=
11

, establishing new lower bounds for these cases. Notably, these new CDs hold restrictions of remarkably small size. These findings fill a significant gap in our knowledge of CDs on

$$8< n < 13$$

8
<
n
<
13

and offer new insights into the structure of large CDs.
Alterations in Muscle Coordination to Reduce Knee Joint Loading for People with Limb Loss
Authors: Hu Jiayu , Ding Ziyun , Bull Anthony M. J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
People with unilateral transtibial amputation experienced a higher incidence of knee osteoarthritis due to abnormal movement patterns. This study aimed to explore alternations in muscle coordination to reduce mechanical burdens in their daily activities.

Methods
Five males with unilateral transtibial amputation were recruited. Two daily activities (level walking and standing up from a chair) were simulated using muscle-driven simulation. Two cost functions were applied: minimising the knee adduction moment and minimising both the knee adduction moment and knee flexion moment. This enabled the identification of altered muscle coordination and any possible changes in kinematic patterns.

Results
For people with unilateral transtibial amputation, reducing knee adduction angles during stance was found effective in reducing knee adduction moments. To mitigate peak contact forces at the intact knee, muscle activations of vasti and gastrocnemius should be decreased, while muscle activations of soleus should be increased during activities of level walking and standing up from a chair.

Conclusion
Our study suggested that minimising knee adduction moments was effective in reducing joint loading during level walking while minimising both knee adduction moments and knee flexion moments was effective during standing up from a chair. Therefore, the alteration of muscle coordination should be carefully designed for different daily activities.
Mapping site amplification with the dense recording of ambient vibration for the city of Lucerne (Switzerland): comparison between two approaches
Authors: Janusz Paulina , Panzera Francesco , Bergamo Paolo , Perron Vincent , Fäh Donat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Reliable site-specific amplification information can be retrieved using earthquake-based methods that involve the deployment of a permanent (or temporary) network of seismic recording stations. Such an endeavour may need to operate for years, especially within regions of high risk but low recurrence rates in seismic activity. Hence, time- and cost-effective approaches using ambient vibrations are gaining popularity. Among such techniques, the canonical correlation approach (CC) collates measured empirical amplification with its indicator computed from ambient vibrations (i.e. horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios) for a training set of seismic stations, to predict site response at locations without earthquake recordings. Another method, the hybrid standard spectral ratio method (SSRh) takes advantage of simultaneous recordings of ambient vibrations that are adjusted using earthquake ground motion data using a limited number of instrumented sites to estimate local seismic soil response. We apply both methods in the Lucerne area (Switzerland), which is located on a soft sedimentary basin, and obtain consistent results that are comparable to amplification estimates derived solely from earthquake ground motion data. These results show significant linear amplification factors (8–10 or more) at the fundamental frequency of resonance of the sediments (0.8–2 Hz). However, both techniques show systematic differences in the spatial and frequency domains. The CC method tends to underestimate the amplification at the fundamental frequency, while the SSRh technique predicts higher amplification in the centre of the basin and lower amplification at the basin edges in comparison to the CC approach. The study discusses the impact of the limitations in the completeness of the calibration dataset, and variability introduced by the choice of the shear wave velocity model of the shallow subsurface and inelastic behaviour treatment for the CC method, as well as the influence of the measurement setup for the SSRh method.
Proteomic Variation in the Oral Secretion of Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera littoralis Larvae in Response to Different food Sources
Authors: García-Marín Elena , Gamir Jordi , Crava Cristina M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Spodoptera genus is defined as the pest-rich genus because it contains some of the most destructive lepidopteran crop pests, characterized by a wide host range. During feeding, the caterpillars release small amounts of oral secretion (OS) onto the wounded leaves. This secretion contains herbivore-induced molecular patterns (HAMPs) that activate the plant defense response, as well as effectors that may inhibit or diminish the plant’s anti-herbivory response. In this study, we explored the protein components of the OS of two Spodoptera species, Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera littoralis. We identified 336 and 276 proteins, respectively, with a major role in digestion. Using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach, we investigated changes in protein abundance in the OS of both species after switching from a laboratory artificial diet to detached pepper and tomato leaves. Several proteins, such as various lipases, polycalin and a β-1,3-glucan binding protein, were more abundant in the OS of leaf-fed larvae in both species. Conversely, a tryptophan-aspartic acid (WD)-repeat containing protein significantly decreased upon feeding on plant leaves in both species. Phenotypic plasticity dependent on each Spodoptera-plant combination was observed for several peptidases, potentially related to the need to overcome the effects of proteinase inhibitors differentially produced by the two plant species, and for several REPAT proteins, possibly related to the specific modulation of each Spodoptera-plant interaction. Altogether, our results provide useful information for understanding the interaction of these two polyphagous Spodoptera species with the host plants, and help to identify evolutionary traits that may influence the outcome of herbivory in each of these two related species.
Experimental study and numerical simulation of short- and long-term shear stress relaxation behaviors of magnetorheological elastomers
Authors: Nam Tran Huu , Petríková Iva , Marvalová Bohdana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
An experimental study and numerical simulation of short- and long-term shear stress relaxation behaviors of nonaligned and aligned magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) were investigated. The aligned MRE was created by aligning micro-size carbonyl iron particles in chains in silicon rubber using an external magnetic field during the curing process, while the nonaligned MRE was fabricated without applying a magnetic field. The effects of permanent magnetic fields on the shear stress relaxation of the nonaligned and aligned MREs were examined using the double-lap shear stress relaxation test with a short-term period of 1200 s and a long-term period of

$1.08 \times 10^{6}\text{ s}$

1.08
×

10

6

s

. The shear stress and relaxation modulus of the nonaligned and aligned MREs increased considerably with the rise of magnetic flux density to about 500 mT and then enhanced slightly above 500 mT. The shear stress and relaxation modulus of the aligned MRE were considerably higher than those of the nonaligned one. The shear stress relaxation of the nonaligned and aligned MREs was numerically simulated using the fractional derivative viscoelastic Kelvin–Voigt model. The model parameters were identified by fitting the relaxation modulus to the short-term measured data of the MREs. The shear stress estimated from the investigated model with fitted parameters was in excellent agreement with the short-term experimental data of the MREs measured under different magnetic fields. Besides, the short-term model-fitted parameters were used to predict the long-term shear stress relaxation of the nonaligned and aligned MREs. The largest difference between model-predicted and long-term measured results for the nonaligned and aligned MREs was less than 1%. Therefore, the studied model can be used to predict the long-term shear stress relaxation of the nonaligned and aligned MREs.
Non-targeted metabolomics-based molecular networking enables the chemical characterization of Rumex sanguineus, a wild edible plant
Authors: Ramundi Valentina , Zdouc Mitja M. , Donati Enrica , van der Hooft Justin J. J. , Cimini Sara , Righetti Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction and Objective

Rumex sanguineus, a traditional medicinal plant of the Polygonaceae family, is gaining popularity as an edible resource. However, despite its historical and nutritional significance, its chemical composition remains poorly understood. To deepen the understanding of the of Rumex sanguineus composition, an in-depth analysis using non-targeted, mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was performed.

Methods
Rumex roots, stems and leaves samples were analyzed by UHPLC-HRMS and subsequently subjected to feature-based molecular networking.

Results and Conclusion
Overall, 347 primary and specialized metabolites grouped into 8 biochemical classes were annotated. Most of these metabolites (60%) belong to the polyphenols and anthraquinones classes. To investigate potential’ toxicity due to the presence of anthraquinones, the amount of emodin was quantified with analytical standard, revealing higher accumulation in leaves compared to stems and roots. This highlights the need for thorough metabolomic studies to understand both beneficial and harmful compounds, especially in plants with historical medicinal use transitioning to modern culinary use.
Implementation of the BIRCH algorithm to construct a data-adaptive network design for regional gravity field modeling via SRBF
Authors: Ulug Rasit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study presents a new methodology to establish an optimal network for the spherical radial basis functions (SRBFs) by employing the Balanced Iterative Reducing and Clustering using Hierarchies (BIRCH) algorithm. In the proposed methodology, sub-cluster centers obtained by the BIRCH algorithm are replaced with the center of the SRBFs. Since the horizontal positions of the observations are utilized in the clustering, the SRBFs are distributed adaptively to the data. The algorithm’s performance and the effects of the BIRCH parameters are investigated in detail with real and simulated data sets in the Auvergne and Colorado areas, respectively. The bandwidth of each SRBF is determined by the generalized cross-validation (GCV) technique. The turning point algorithm is employed to reduce long-wavelength errors that occur due to the always positivity of the selected Legendre coefficients in the spatial domain. The outcomes of the numerical tests show that only one parameter (threshold) is enough to construct a proper data-adaptive network design for SRBFs. Compared to existing algorithms, fewer SRBFs are required to achieve the same accuracy on the control points while saving more than 95% of the time in the network design. Furthermore, the proposed methodology improves the condition number of the normal equation matrix. That makes it possible to estimate unknown coefficients without regularization in the least-square procedure depending on the selected threshold parameter. Therefore, the BIRCH algorithm is very effective and suitable to establish an optimal data-adaptive network design, especially in large data sets.
Biodegradable polymeric microsphere formulations of full-length anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab for sustained intraocular delivery
Authors: Iyer Shwetha , Lee Cameron , Amiji Mansoor M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of central vision loss in the elderly population. Bevacizumab, a full-length humanized monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody, is commonly used off-label drug to treat AMD. However, the dosing regimen of bevacizumab and other anti-VEGF antibodies requires monthly intravitreal injections followed by regular intravitreal injections at 4–16-week intervals. In 2021, the FDA approved an innovative port delivery system of ranibizumab (Susvimo®) that can be implanted intravitreally to slowly release the active ingredient anti-VEGF antibody and reduce injection frequency to once every 6 months. An approach utilizing polymeric slow-release microspheres encapsulating a full-length antibody, such as bevacizumab, would be much more patient-friendly because it could be injected intravitreally, avoiding surgical implantation. While microsphere encapsulation is traditionally successful for small molecule hydrophobic drugs, we assessed two different polymers, namely poly(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and discovered the benefits of utilizing a slow degrading hydrophobic polymer such as PCL for large protein therapeutic. Using the traditional double emulsion fabrication method with PCL polymer, we could produce microspheres that encapsulate bevacizumab antibody and demonstrate the release of biologically active therapeutic agent for up to 60 days. This novel approach could lead to significant advancements in our field and potentially open new avenues for future research.

Graphical Abstract
Common Neighbor Completion with Information Entropy for Link Prediction in Social Networks
Authors: Zhou Zhengyun , Wan Guojia , Du Bo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Link prediction is essential for identifying hidden relationships within network data, with significant implications for fields such as social network analysis and bioinformatics. Traditional methods often overlook potential relationships among common neighbors, limiting their effectiveness in utilizing graph information fully. To address this, we introduce a novel approach, Common Neighbor Completion with Information Entropy (IECNC), which enhances model expressiveness by considering logical neighbor relationships. Our method integrates a dynamic node function with a Message Passing Neural Network (MPNN), focusing on first-order neighbors and employing set-based aggregation to improve missing link predictions. By combining the information entropy of probabilistic predictions of common neighbors with MPNN and leveraging information entropy to assess uncertainty in adjacent connections, our approach significantly enhances prediction accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate that our IECNC method achieves optimal performance across multiple datasets, surpassing existing techniques. Furthermore, visualizations confirm that our model effectively captures and accurately learns feature information from various categories, Demonstrating the method’s efficacy and adaptability.
Impact of a Momentary Mindfulness Intervention on Rumination, Negative Affect, and their Dynamics in Daily Life
Authors: Bolzenkötter Teresa , Neubauer Andreas B. , Koval Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rumination and negative affect are mutually reinforcing experiences. Their dynamic relation can confer vulnerability to psychopathology. Cultivating mindfulness has been proposed to buffer against such downward spirals of negativity. However, it remains unclear whether practicing mindfulness in daily life causally impacts rumination, negative affect, and their dynamics. We investigated this using a micro-randomized intensive longitudinal trial. Participants (N = 91) were prompted eight times per day for 10 days using a smartphone app. At each prompt, participants were randomized to complete a brief mindfulness intervention or an active-control task and then reported levels of rumination and negative affect. Results of dynamic structural equation models showed that the mindfulness intervention led to lower levels of rumination and negative affect but that it had no reliable impact on their dynamics. Thus, cultivating mindfulness in daily life may be a promising approach for decreasing rumination and negative affect but not their dynamical relation.
Enhancing biocomposite critical quality indicators (CQIs): the impact of biochar content in additive manufacturing
Authors: Vidakis Nectarios , Petousis Markos , Sagris Dimitrios , David Constantine , Mountakis Nikolaos , Spiridaki Mariza , Maravelakis Emmanuel , Charitidis Costas , Stratakis Emmanuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Biocomposite filaments for material extrusion (MEX) additive manufacturing, particularly those derived from agricultural biomass, have attracted significant research and industrial interest. Biochar is a well-documented reinforcement agent that is used in several polymeric matrices. However, systematic research efforts regarding the quality scores of parts built with MEX 3D printing with biochar-based filaments are marginal. Herein, the impact of biochar loading on the quality metrics of the five most popular polymers for MEX 3D printing (ABS, HDPE, PETG, PP, and PLA) is quantitatively examined in depth. Sophisticated and massive Non-Destructive Tests (NDTs) were conducted, and the impact of biochar loading on the critical quality indicators (CQIs), including porosity, dimensional conformity, and surface roughness, was documented. The quality scores for the biochar filler loading, also five in total, were statistically correlated with the corresponding reinforcement metrics for the five polymeric matrices. A statistically significant antagonistic interaction between the tensile strength course and porosity/dimensional deviation metrics, particularly for PETG, was observed. It can be concluded that the lowest porosity and dimensional deviation are associated with the highest strength. The 4 wt% biocomposite exhibited optimal quality performance in most polymers studied.

Graphical abstract
Exploring the General and Educational Use of the Metaverse: Public Perspectives, Sentiments, Attitudes, and Discourses
Authors: Lampropoulos Georgios , López-Belmonte Jesús , Marín-Marín José-Antonio , Pozo-Sánchez Santiago 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines and analyzes the public perspectives, attitudes, sentiments, and discourses regarding the metaverse and its general and educational use. The study explores four research questions and involves the analysis of two datasets containing over 8 million tweets from Twitter (currently called X). The analysis involves text mining, sentiment analysis, and topic modeling techniques and to carry it out different tools are used, such as the National Research Council Canada (NRC) Word-Emotion Association Lexicon (EmoLex), Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning (VADER), TextBlob, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), etc. Based on the results, the increase in interest of the public in the metaverse is in line with that of the educational and scientific communities. The public expressed mostly positive attitudes and emotions toward the general and educational use of the metaverse while the negative sentiment percentage was really low. The sentiments and emotions were more intense within the tweets of the educational dataset. The versatility and applicability of the metaverse emerged from the topic analysis from which eight topics arose: digital currencies, virtual environments, gaming, education, immersive learning environments, entertainment, online communities, and industry. The increasing interest in the metaverse, its potentials to enrich education, and the positive attitudes of the public toward its use in education were evident. More intense emotions and sentiments were expressed in the educational dataset which indicates that impulsive decisions may occur and should be anticipated in the educational domain and that the educational community is open to new approaches and supports technology-enhanced learning. Social media arose as an effective medium to communicate the integration of new technologies and innovations in education.
Nudging society to consume—the aggregate consequences of consumption nudges
Authors: Braganza Oliver 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Government nudging, towards say healthy or sustainable behaviors, is often criticized as harmful to individual autonomy. Yet free markets naturally give rise to pervasive consumption nudging by private actors. Such nudging, for instance in the form of advertising, can affect not only behavior but also the social dynamics that shape preference formation. Despite much controversy, both the normative implications and aggregate consequences of this remain unclear. Here, we develop the suggestion, made by several prominent economists, that private nudging contributes to continuous aggregate consumption growth. We argue that such a positive net-effect of private nudging, on both individual and aggregate consumption, is not only real, but cumulative. We further argue that the use of “observed consumption” (i.e., revealed preference) as a proxy for preference satisfaction elicits the cultural evolution of ever more sophisticated nudging. The upshot is that free markets give rise to an emergent system-level force, as if there were an invisible paternalist who, regardless of the intentions of any market participant, incessantly nudges individual and aggregate consumption to increase. This has profound implications, for individual autonomy and democratic self-governance, particularly in the light of issues such as climate change, obesity, or increasingly sophisticated digital nudging.