bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Acylzirconocenes and Diaryliodonium Salts: An Efficient Synthesis of Alkyl‐aryl‐ketones from Alkenes
Authors: Grosso Simone , Mlynczak Marcelina , Evano Gwilherm , Riant Olivier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn efficient and unprecedented cross‐coupling between acylzirconocenes, readily available starting materials conveniently prepared by hydrozirconation of alkenes and a subsequent carbonylation with carbon monoxide, and diaryliodonium tetrafluoroborates is reported. This procedure enables the synthesis of a broad variety of alkyl‐aryl‐ketones upon simple catalysis with copper cyanide without the need of additional ligands and only requires a low pressure of carbon monoxide generated in situ, in a two‐chamber reactor, from N‐formylsaccharin.
Through the interface: New insights of the hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions in aqueous solutions
Authors: Liu Ershuai , Jiao Li , Jia Qingying , Mukerjee Sanjeev 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions (HER/HOR) are the most fundamental reactions in electrocatalysis. Despite the practical significance, the mechanisms of HER/HOR in aqueous solutions are still elusive. Various theories have been proposed to rationalize the pH effect, cation effect, and structure effect of HER/HOR but none of them can explain all observations. In this review, we discuss four schools of thought for the HER/HOR, focusing on the strengths and shortcomings of each hypothesis and highlighting the magnitude of electrochemical interface structure in hydrogen electrocatalysis.
Prediagnostic serum concentrations of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances and risk of papillary thyroid cancer in the Finnish Maternity Cohort
Authors: Madrigal Jessica M. , Troisi Rebecca , Surcel Heljä‐Marja , Öhman Hanna , Kivelä Juha , Kiviranta Hannu , Rantakokko Panu , Koponen Jani , Medgyesi Danielle N. , Kitahara Cari M. , McGlynn Katherine A. , Sampson Joshua , Albert Paul S. , Ward Mary H. , Jones Rena R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuman exposure to per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) occurs globally through contaminated food, dust, and drinking water. Studies of PFAS and thyroid cancer have been limited. We conducted a nested case‐control study of prediagnostic serum levels of 19 PFAS and papillary thyroid cancer (400 cases, 400 controls) in the Finnish Maternity Cohort (pregnancies 1986‐2010; follow‐up through 2016), individually matched on sample year and age. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for log2 transformed and categorical exposures, overall and stratified by calendar period, birth cohort, and median age at diagnosis. We adjusted for other PFAS with Spearman correlation rho = 0.3‐0.6. Seven PFAS, including perfluoroctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), N‐ethyl‐perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (EtFOSAA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) were detected in >50% of women. These PFAS were not associated with risk of thyroid cancer, except for PFHxS, which was inversely associated (OR log2 = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70‐0.97). We observed suggestive but imprecise increased risks associated with PFOA, PFOS, and EtFOSAA for those diagnosed at ages <40 years, whereas associations were null or inverse among those diagnosed at 40+ years (P‐interaction: .02, .08, .13, respectively). There was little evidence of other interactions. These results show no clear association between PFAS and papillary thyroid cancer risk. Future work would benefit from evaluation of these relationships among those with higher exposure levels and during periods of early development when the thyroid gland may be more susceptible to environmental harms.
Perinatal outcomes in patients undergoing repeat cerclage: A retrospective case series study
Authors: Ru Ping , Ni Xiaotian , Xu Wenyi , Liu Yun , Meng Lulu , Yuan Wenjun , Gu Zhuorong , Shi Junyao , Su Xiujuan , Liu Ming , Duan Tao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the pregnancy outcomes of a case series of patients with probable cerclage failure who received repeat cerclage (RC) with potential indications.MethodsWe retrospectively collected a case series of 55 singleton pregnancies with RC from 2019 to 2022 in Shanghai, China. All included women provided written informed consent, and the study was approved by the ethics committees of the two hospitals. We compared pregnancy outcomes between pregnancies with RC for different indications.ResultsAmong the case series, nine patients underwent RC for the indication of protruding membranes below the previous suture loop (group A), and the other 46 patients for painless cervix dilation (group B). Gestational age at delivery was shorter in group B than in group A (30.7 vs 37.6 weeks, P = 0.009). Rates of preterm birth <32 weeks (63.0% vs 22.2%, P = 0.033) and < 37 weeks (76.1% vs 33.3%, P = 0.002) were significantly higher in group B than in group A. Of the 46 patients who underwent RC for painless cervical dilation, 28 had cervical dilation of 1 to 2 cm (group C) and the other 18 had cervical dilation of 3 to 6 cm (group D). The gestational age at delivery was shorter in group D than in group C (27.4 vs 31.5 weeks, P = 0.037). However, rates of preterm birth <32 or <37 weeks were similar between the groups.ConclusionRC may constitute a rescue strategy for patients with probable cerclage failure. Protrusion of membranes below the cerclage loop or cervical dilation <3 cm may be an indicator of better pregnancy outcome.
Cultural relevance of fine motor domain of the ASQ in Guatemala
Authors: Angulo Abigail S. , Cunningham Maureen , Domek Gretchen , Friedman Sandra , Talmi Ayelet 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrevious research suggests that the Ages and Stages Questionnaire—3rd ed. (ASQ) fine motor domain (FMD) may not be culturally relevant for developmental screening in a rural Guatemalan community, as the FMD accounts for 40% of all abnormal screenings after a needs assessment in this community. We hypothesize this is due to a lack of exposure to objects assessed in the questionnaire, such as blocks or light switches. The FMD scores of rural Guatemalan children (n = 56) participating in a child development program were compared with Spanish‐ and English‐speaking Latinx‐American children attending a US primary care clinic and screened at yearly well‐child checks. Groups were matched for age gender, and socioeconomic status. Item‐level analyses explored differences across the three groups. In the Guatemalan sample, the FMD abnormal score rates were 16%, 62%, and zero in the 12‐, 24‐, and 36‐month‐old children, respectively. Abnormal scores for the Guatemalan sample on the 24‐month ASQ‐3 significantly differed (p = .01) when compared to the Latinx‐American groups. The 24‐month questionnaire has more questions about objects than the 12‐ and 36‐month questionnaires, which may explain the higher rates of abnormal scores. Developmental screening with ASQ‐3 may not adequately capture the skills of children in similar communities.
Unintended effects of preferential tax assessment on farmland protection: Evidence from Utah's farmland assessment act
Authors: Siu Wai Yan , Li Man , Caplan Arthur J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examines the effect of Utah's Greenbelt program, the state's preferential tax‐assessment effort to protect farmland, using an instrumental variable‐fixed effects strategy. We find that an unintended effect of the program leads to more conversion of agricultural land to development than the protection it provides. The protection effect is concentrated on parcels with smaller agricultural areas, while conversion occurs on parcels with larger agricultural areas. Our findings shed light on the rationale of a proposed amendment to the policy—Utah House Bill 25—which did not pass during the 2016 legislative session.
Antiresorptive Versus Anabolic Therapy in Managing Osteoporosis in People with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Vilaca Tatiane , Eastell Richard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia, but the two main types, type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), have distinct pathophysiology and epidemiological profiles. Individuals with T1D and T2D have an increased risk of fractures, particularly of the hip, upper arm, ankle, and nonvertebral sites. The risk of fractures is higher in T1D compared to T2D. The diagnosis of osteoporosis in individuals with T1D and T2D follows similar criteria as in the general population, but treatment thresholds may differ. Antiresorptive therapies, the first‐line treatment for osteoporosis, are effective in individuals with T2D. Observational studies and post hoc analyses of previous trials have indicated that antiresorptive drugs, such as bisphosphonates and selective estrogen receptor modulators, are equally effective in reducing fracture risk and increasing bone mineral density (BMD) in individuals with and without T2D. Denosumab has shown similar effects on vertebral fracture risk but increases the risk of nonvertebral fractures. Considering the low bone turnover observed in T1D and T2D, anabolic therapies, which promote bone formation and resorption, have emerged as a potential treatment option for bone fragility in this population. Data from observational studies and post hoc analyses of previous trials also showed similar results in increasing BMD and reducing the risk of fractures in people with or without T2D. However, no evidence suggests that anabolic therapy has greater efficacy than antiresorptive drugs. In conclusion, there is an increased risk of fractures in T1D and T2D. Reductions in BMD cannot solely explain the relationship between T1D and T2D and fractures. Bone microarchitecture and other factors play a role. Antiresorptive and anabolic therapies have shown efficacy in reducing fracture risk in individuals with T2D, but the evidence is more robust for antiresorptive drugs. Evidence in T1D is scant. Further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and optimize management strategies for bone fragility in T1D and T2D. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
D3‐creatine dilution, computed tomography and dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry for assessing myopenia and physical function in colon cancer: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Cheng En , Caan Bette J. , Cawthon Peggy M. , Evans William J. , Hellerstein Marc K. , Shankaran Mahalakshmi , Campbell Kristin L. , Binder Alexandra M. , Sternfeld Barbara , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow skeletal muscle mass (myopenia) is common in cancer populations and is associated with functional decline and mortality, but prior oncology studies did not assess total body skeletal muscle mass. Instead, they measured surrogates such as cross‐sectional area (CSA) of skeletal muscle at L3 from computed tomography (CT) or appendicular lean mass (ALM) from dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). D3‐creatine (D3Cr) dilution is a non‐invasive method to assess total body skeletal muscle mass, which has been examined in a variety of populations but not in cancer. To compare the associations of D3Cr muscle mass, CT CSA, and DXA ALM with myopenia and physical function, we conducted a cross‐sectional study among 119 patients with colon cancer (2018–2022).MethodsFor each technique (D3Cr, CT and DXA), myopenia was defined as the lowest sex‐specific quartile of its measurement. Physical function was measured by the short physical performance battery and grip strength. We calculated Pearson correlations (r) among three techniques, computed Cohen's kappa coefficients (κ) to assess the agreement of myopenia, and estimated Pearson correlations (r) of three techniques with physical function. All analyses were sex‐specific.ResultsSixty‐one (51.3%) participants were male, the mean (standard deviation) age was 56.6 (12.9) years, and most (68.9%) had high physical function (short physical performance battery: ≥11 points). Correlations and myopenia agreement among three techniques were greater in men than women; for example, regarding D3Cr muscle mass versus CT CSA, r was 0.73 (P < 0.001) for men versus 0.45 (P < 0.001) for women, and κ was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.99) for men versus 0.24 (95% CI: −0.08, 0.52) for women. Among men, higher D3Cr muscle mass was significantly correlated with faster gait speed (r = 0.43, P < 0.01) and stronger grip strength (r = 0.32, P < 0.05); similar correlations were observed for CT CSA and DXA ALM. However, among women, no measure of muscle or lean mass was significantly associated with physical function.ConclusionsThis is the first study using D3‐creatine dilution method to assess muscle mass in a cancer population. Regardless of the techniques used for muscle or lean mass assessment, we observed stronger correlations, greater myopenia agreement, and more significant associations with physical function in men with colon cancer than women. D3Cr, CT and DXA are not interchangeable methods for assessing myopenia and physical function, especially in women with colon cancer. Future studies should consider relative advantages of these techniques and examine the D3‐creatine dilution method in other cancer types.
Characterization of a new HUP+ Phaeodactylum tricornutum strain having improved production of eicosapentaenoic acid
Authors: García Tomás , Castillo Tania , Flores Celia , Galindo Enrique 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDEicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5) is an essential fatty acid of the omega‐3 family and its importance for prevention and treatment of several disorders has been documented. Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a prominent candidate as an EPA producer. In several microalgal species the mixotrophic growth allows improvement of cell growth and EPA production, although P. tricornutum does not have glucose transporter proteins, limiting glucose assimilation. In the present study, the growth and EPA production of P. tricornutum UTEX 646 and its transformant T‐HUP*(8), in which the glucose transporter hup1 gene was expressed, was evaluated under mixotrophic cultivation using glucose as carbon source.RESULTSInsertion of the gene hup1 in the T‐HUP*(8) strain allowed an increase in the glucose uptake of 4.4‐fold compared to the glucose consumption observed in the wild type strain. In T‐HUP*(8) the lipid content and productivity were 42% and 63% higher than in the wild type; these differences were reflected in the EPA concentration, which was enhanced up to twofold in cultivation of T‐HUP*(8) strain. The improvement observed in lipid and EPA production in the strain T‐HUP*(8) can be explained by increases of 2.97‐, 5.71‐, and 9.44‐fold in the relative expression of the genes acc1, me1, and ptd5, respectively.CONCLUSIONIncrease in glucose consumption in cultivation of the P. tricornutum T‐HUP*(8) strain caused metabolic changes that increased the lipid content and EPA specific concentration, making this strain a good candidate for improved EPA production. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
Escherichia coli efflux from rangeland ecosystems in the southcentral Great Plains of the United States
Authors: Phillippe Austin J. , Wagner Kevin L. , Will Rodney E. , Zou Chris B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBacterial contamination of surface water is a public health concern. To quantify the efflux of Escherichia coli into ephemeral and intermittent streams and assess its numbers in relation to secondary body contact standards, we monitored runoff and measured E. coli numbers from 10 experimental watersheds that differed in vegetation cover and cattle access in north‐central Oklahoma. Escherichia coli numbers were not significantly different among the watersheds, with one exception; the grazed prairie watershed (GP1) had greater numbers compared to one ungrazed prairie watershed (UP2). Median E. coli numbers in runoff from ungrazed watersheds ranged from 260 to 1482 MPN/100 mL in comparison with grazed watersheds that ranged from 320 to 8878 MPN/100 mL. In the GP1 watershed, higher cattle stocking rates during pre‐ and post‐calving (February–May) resulted in significantly greater bacterial numbers and event loading compared to periods with lower stocking rates. The lack of significance among watersheds is likely due to the grazed sites being rotationally (and lightly) grazed, data variability, and wildlife contributions. To address wildlife sources, we used camera trap data to assess the usage in the watersheds; however, the average number of animals in a 24‐h period did not correlate with observed median E. coli numbers. Because of its impacts on E. coli numbers in water, grazing management (stocking rate, rotation, and timing) should be considered for improving water quality in streams and reservoirs.
Nourishing the Cognition with Millets: A Comprehensive Review of Their Nutritional Impact and Potential as Cognitive Enhancers
Authors: Premachandran Krishnamanikumar , Wilson Alphonse Carlton Ranjith , Soundharapandiyan Nandhagopal 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCognition is the mental processes and abilities involved in acquiring, storing, retrieving and using it for decision making. Cognitive decline due to aging, lifestyle factor, chronic health conditions, genetic, and environmental factors are rising global concern and propose a potential threat to the cognitive health. The nutritional imbalance has led to increase in cognitive disorders around the world. Millets can be a nutritional intervention for promoting cognitive health and preventing cognitive decline. Millets has abundant phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidants to protect against oxidative stress‐induced cognitive impairment. Millets exert neuroprotective effects by modulating pathways involved in neuronal‐survival, synaptic‐plasticity, and release of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor. Millets demonstrates anti‐inflammatory properties by regulating inflammatory‐pathways and suppressing cytokines associated with cognitive impairment. Millets maintain healthy gut microbiota by producing metabolites such as short‐chain fatty acids, which influence brain function and cognition. However, further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and on optimizing the proportion do exploit its potential. Implementing millet‐based dietary strategies through public health initiatives and educational programs can be a practical approach to support cognitive health across populations. Harnessing the potential of millets as a nutritional intervention offers a promising avenue for promoting cognitive health and improving the quality of life.
Performance analysis and material distribution optimization for sound barriers using a semianalytical meshless method
Authors: Liu Hanqing , Wang Fajie , Zhang Chuanzeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the increase in car ownership, traffic noise pollution has increased considerably and is one of the most severe types of noise pollution that affects living standards. Noise reduction by sound barriers is a common protective measure used in this country and abroad. The acoustic performance of a sound barrier is highly dependent on its shape and material. In this paper, a semianalytical meshless Burton–Miller‐type singular boundary method is proposed to analyze the acoustic performance of various shapes of sound barriers, and the distribution of sound‐absorbing materials on the surface of sound barriers is optimized by combining a solid isotropic material with a penalization method. The acoustic effect of the sound‐absorbing material is simplified as the acoustical impedance boundary condition. The objective of optimization is to minimize the sound pressure in a given reference plane. The volume of the sound‐absorbing material is used as a constraint. The density of the nodes covered with the sound‐absorbing material is used as the design variable. The method of moving asymptotes was used to update the design variables. This model completely avoids the mesh discretization process in the finite element method and requires only boundary nodes. In addition, the approach also does not require the singular integral calculation in the boundary element method. The method is illustrated and validated using numerical examples to demonstrate its accuracy and efficiency.
The effect of fermented feed (FF) on intestinal, surrounding water, and sediment microbiomes of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis
Authors: Wang Huan , Pan Tingshuang , Jiang He , Duan Guoqing , Ling Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Fermented feed (FF) has several significant advantages in aquaculture. However, little is known about the characteristics of intestinal and environmental microbiota in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis.

Methods
This study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between bacterial communities in the intestine of Chinese mitten crabs and the surrounding environment and to compare the bacterial communities in FF and non-FF diet modes by using 16S ribosomal RNA high-throughput sequencing technology.

Result
Fermented feed diets mainly influenced the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiomes but could affect microbial community structures of beta diversity in water and sediment. Compared to water and sediment, crab intestines had the lowest operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness and bacterial community diversity. The OTU richness and Chao richness index values were lower in the intestines of crabs that received FF than in crabs that were given non-FF. No significant differences were observed in the bacterial diversity and OTU richness of water and sediment between the two feeding modes. The bacterial community structures were significantly different among the three environments. Tenericutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the most abundant phyla in the crab intestine, sediment, and water, respectively. Bacterial functions were also different among the three environments. Proportions of nitrate reduction and fermentation in the crab intestine, proportions of nitrification and sulfate respiration in the sediment, and proportions of chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy in the water were higher for the FF feeding mode than for the non-FF mode.

Conclusion
The bacterial community structures were significantly different among the three environments. The microbiome of the crab intestine was partially shared with that of the ambient environment. Additionally, the FF mainly influenced the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiomes but also affected the community structures of beta diversity in water and sediment. These results will help us to devise dietary strategies to influence the crab intestinal microbiota and provide guidance for sustainable crab culture practices.