bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ten questions to AI regarding the present and future of proteomics
Authors: Stransky Stephanie , Sun Yan , Shi Xuyan , Sidoli Simone 
Published: November 2023

The role of a scientist is at first not so different from a philosopher. They both need to question common thinking and evaluate whether reality is not as we always thought. Based on this, we need to design hypotheses, experiments, and analyses to prove our alternative vision. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly moving from an “assistant” into a proper “colleague” for literature mining, data analysis and interpretation, and literally having (almost) real scientific conversations. However, being AI based on existing information, if we rely on it excessively will we still be able to question the status quo? In this article, we are particularly interested in discussing the future of proteomics and mass spectrometry with our new electronic collaborator. We leave to the reader the judgement whether the answers we received are satisfactory or superficial. What we were mostly interested in was laying down what we think are critical questions that the proteomics community should occasionally ask to itself. Proteomics has been around for more than 30 years, but it is still missing a few critical steps to fully address its promises as being the new genomics for clinical diagnostics and fundamental science, while becoming a user-friendly tool for every lab. Will we get there with the help of AI? And will these answers change in a short period, as AI continues to advance?
Associations of sarcopenia, sarcopenia parameters and motoric cognitive risk syndrome in Chinese older adults
Authors: Jiang Dian , Chen Xi , Huang Jundan , Wu Lina , Chen Yifei , Feng Hui , Hu Mingyue 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundMotoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is a pre-dementia symptom strongly predicting cognitive decline and dementia. Although advancements in elucidating the epidemiology of MCR, the evidence about the association between sarcopenia, sarcopenia parameters, and MCR remains scarce.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the associations between sarcopenia, sarcopenia parameters, and MCR among community-dwelling Chinese older adults.MethodsA total of 4,184 community-dwelling older adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in the 2011 waves were included. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. Sarcopenia parameters included handgrip strength (HGS), height-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/Ht2), and five-times sit-to-stand test time (FTSSTT). MCR was defined as subjective cognitive complaints and slow gait speed without dementia or impaired mobility. The associations between sarcopenia, sarcopenia parameters, and MCR were conducted using the logistic regression model. The restricted cubic spline with four knots were performed to determine the nonlinear and linear relationships between HGS, ASM/Ht2, FTSSTT, and MCR.ResultsThe prevalence of MCR in wave 2011 of CHARLS was 11.2%. After adjustment for potential confounders, we found sarcopenia [odd ratio (OR) (95% CI): 1.70 (1.13 ~ 2.54), p = 0.011], lower HGS [0.97 (0.96 ~ 0.99), p = 0.001], and more FTSSTT [1.12 (1.10 ~ 1.15), p &lt; 0.001] were significantly associated with a higher risk of MCR. There was an inverse linear dose–response between HGS and MCR (p for overall = 0.008, p for nonlinearity =0.776). The nonlinear relationship between FTSSTT and MCR was found (p for overall &lt;0.001, p for nonlinearity = 0.025) with FTSSTT ≥29 s being associated with a higher risk of MCR. A dose–response relationship was not found between ASM/Ht2 and MCR (p for overall =0.589).ConclusionSarcopenia, lower HGS, and higher FTSSTT are associated with MCR among older adults in China, while the latter two exhibit a dose–response relationship with MCR. It is suggested that timely identification and management of sarcopenia and its parameters may help delay the progression of cognitive impairment and promote healthy aging.
Brain entropy changes in classical trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Liu Xiang , Ge Xiuhong , Tang Xue , Ye Haiqi , Pan Lei , Zhu Xiaofen , Hu Hanjun , Ding Zhongxiang , Wang Luoyu 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundClassical trigeminal neuralgia (CTN) is a common and severe chronic neuropathic facial pain disorder. The pathological mechanisms of CTN are not fully understood. Recent studies have shown that resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) could provide insights into the functional changes of CTN patients and the complexity of neural processes. However, the precise spatial pattern of complexity changes in CTN patients is still unclear. This study is designed to explore the spatial distribution of complexity alterations in CTN patients using brain entropy (BEN).MethodsA total of 85 CTN patients and 79 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. All participants underwent rs-fMRI and neuropsychological evaluations. BEN changes were analyzed to observe the spatial distribution of CTN patient complexity, as well as the relationship between these changes and clinical variables. Sixteen different machine learning methods were employed to classify the CTN patients from the HCs, and the best-performing method was selected.ResultsCompared with HCs, CTN patients exhibited increased BEN in the thalamus and brainstem, and decreased BEN in the inferior semilunar lobule. Further analyses revealed a low positive correlation between the average BEN values of the thalamus and neuropsychological assessments. Among the 16 machine learning methods, the Conditional Mutual Information Maximization-Random Forest (CMIM-RF) method yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.801.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that BEN changes in the thalamus and pons and inferior semilunar lobule were associated with CTN and machine learning methods could effectively classify CTN patients and HCs based on BEN changes. Our findings may provide new insights into the neuropathological mechanisms of CTN and have implications for the diagnosis and treatment of CTN.
The impact of thrombus surface morphology of the basilar artery on the successful rate of mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Jiang Xinzhao , Yu Shufeng , Wang David , Dong YI , Wang Peng 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the impact of angiographic thrombus surface morphology on the angiographic and clinical outcomes of basilar artery occlusion (BAO).MethodsThis retrospective study included 141 patients with acute BAO who underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT). We categorized thrombus surface phenotypes as either regular (smooth and straight, either convex or concave) or irregular. Patients with BAO were grouped based on the presence of a regular or irregular phenotype, and we compared their angiographic and clinical outcomes.ResultsIn total, 52.5% (74/141) of acute BAO patients exhibited a regular thrombus morphology. These patients had a higher rate of first-pass effect (28.4% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.0002) and fewer retrieval attempts (2 vs. 2; p = 0.0198) compared to those with irregular morphology. Among patients treated with contact aspiration (CA), the regular thrombus morphology showed a higher first-pass success rate (45.7% vs. 12.8%; p = 0.0017), a shorter procedural duration (46 vs. 50 min; p = 0.0159), and fewer retrieval attempts (1 vs. 2; p = 0.0338) compared to stent retriever (SR) thrombectomy. Both the regular thrombus morphology (OR 7.72, 95% CI 2.02–29.52; p = 0.003) and using CA as the first-line treatment (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.12–10.13; p = 0.031) independently predicted first-pass success.ConclusionFor BAO patients treated with CA as the primary strategy, the presence of a regular thrombus surface might predict higher first-pass success and shorter procedural duration. A diligent assessment of thrombus morphology within the MT workflow could improve the feasibility of procedural techniques.
Evaluation of vestibulo-ocular reflex with functional head impulse test in healthy individuals: normative values
Authors: Cengiz Deniz Uğur , Erbek Hatice Seyra , Çolak Sanem Can , Kurtcu Büşra , Demirel Birişik Sümeyye , Karababa Ercan , Kuşman Buşra , Özdemir Emre Akgün , Işık Mehmet , Demir İsmail 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the normative values of the functional head impulse test (fHIT) test in healthy young adults.Materials and methodsThe study included 100 individuals, 58 females and 42 males, aged 20–25 years. Beon Solution Zero Branco (TV) fHIT test was applied to all participants. FHIT results were analyzed in terms of lateral-posterior–anterior semicircular canals (SSCs), gender, and right–left ear.ResultsIn the fHIT test, for the lateral SSC the mean percent correct answer (%CA) values for 4,000–6,000°/s2 and 1,000–7,000°/s2 were 88.52 ± 9.04 and 89.91 ± 6.95, respectively; for the posterior SSC, the mean %CA values for SSC 3000–6,000°/s2 and 1,000–7,000°/s2 were 90.63 ± 8.69 and 91.16 ± 7.42, respectively; for the anterior SSC, the mean %CA values for 3,000–6,000°/s2 and 1,000–7,000°/s2 were 91.21 ± 7.96 and 91.49 ± 7.13, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the right and left ear in %CA values at all accelerations in all SSCs (p &gt; 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between genders in the mean %CA values for 6,000–7,000°/s2, 4,000–6,000°/s2, and 1,000–7,000°/s2 in the lateral SSC and 3,000–6,000°/s2 in the anterior SSC (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe FHIT is a noninvasive test battery that functionally evaluates the VOR of the six semicircular canals. In clinical use, the determination of normative values at all accelerations (1,000–7,000 degrees/s2) constitutes an important database for future studies to distinguish pathologic results.
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) induces apoptosis of human brain vascular smooth muscle cells through regulating HK2 in intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Zhou Donglin , Li Tao , Tan Xianjun , Yun Chenping , Jiang Peng , Zhang Tongfu , Kuang Hong , Wang Yunyan 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundVascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction is one of the crucial pathologic processes in the development of intracranial aneurysm (IA). Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a multifunctional glycoprotein, is overexpressed in many tumor, but its underlying mechanism in vascular disease has not been elucidated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential function of SPARC in IA generation and regulation of mitochondrial function in VSMC.MethodsHuman brain vascular smooth muscle cells were treated with recombinant SPARC to detect apoptosis-related markers. The downstream targets affecting mitochondrial dysfunction after SPARC treatment were explored by transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, and verified using by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Further in vitro experiments verified the role of downstream targets in regulating VSMC mitochondrial function.ResultsSecreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression was associated with the risk of IA rupture. SPARC induces mitochondrial pathway apoptosis in human brain VSMC. We screened 40 differentially expressed genes related to mitochondrial function after SPARC treatment. Hexokinase 2 (HK2) was identified as a downstream target of mitochondrial pathway apoptosis in VSMC induced by SPARC. In addition, immunohistochemical results confirmed that the difference between SPARC and HK2 expression is located mainly in the smooth muscle layer of IA. Overexpression of HK2 reversed the SPARC-induced increase in apoptosis and mitochondrial damage in VSMC.ConclusionSecreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) regulated mitochondrial function in VSMC and induced apoptosis through HK2, which plays an important role in the formation and rupture of IA. Targeting SPARC may be a novel strategy to delay the development of intracranial aneurysms.
The association between dietary inflammatory index and cognitive function in adults with/without chronic kidney disease
Authors: Wan Biyu , Lin Pinli , Wang Mengya , Zhong Jintao , Peng Lu , Tang Xiaona , Wang Lingzhen , Tang Fang , Liang Yuyan , Liu Xusheng , Deng Lili 
Published: November 2023

Background and aimsCognitive impairment (CI) is a prevalent condition in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), who face an elevated risk of developing cognitive decline. The fundamental mechanism underlying CI is linked to chronic inflammation, which can be gauged by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). The DII is categorized into anti-inflammatory diets with lower scores and pro-inflammatory diets with higher scores. Specifically, pro-inflammatory diets may contribute to chronic inflammation. However, the correlation between the inflammatory potential of diet and cognitive function in patients with CKD has not been explored. This study aims to investigate the connection between the inflammatory potential of diet and cognitive function in individuals with or without chronic kidney disease.MethodsData from the 2011–2012 and 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were utilized. Participants under the age of 60 or lacking DII, CI, CKD, and other essential data were excluded. DII was computed based on a 24-h dietary recall interview for each participant. Cognitive performance was evaluated using three cognitive tests: the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) test, the Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and the Digital Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Logistic regression analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to assess the independent relationship between DII score and CI in the CKD and non-CKD populations.ResultsThe study included a total of 2069 subjects, with CI prevalence ranging from 21.4 to 23.5%. Multiple regression models showed that after adjusting for all covariates of the three cognitive function tests, higher DII scores were significantly associated with increased risk of CI (CERAD OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.1 ~ 1.26, AFT OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.08 ~ 1.23, DSST OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.11 ~ 1.28). Subgroup analysis indicated that the effect of DII score on CI remained consistent in all subgroups (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionHigher DII scores were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in people with or without CKD, suggesting that consuming a pro-inflammatory diet may contribute to the impairment of the cognitive function.
Standardized construction of a porcine model for acute obstructive jaundice and training of endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy
Authors: Zhou Xue , Liu Ziming , Ma Wenzhuang , Sheng Shiyun , Sun Siyu , Ge Nan 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundEndoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is an alternative to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for patients with obstructive jaundice. However, it is still a challenge for many endoscopists because of its novelty and complexity. This study aimed to establish an ideal bile duct dilatation model for the training and practice of endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS).MethodsThe 34 healthy Bama miniature pigs were divided into the part of developing the standardized EUS-CDS (n=9) and the part of trainees training (n=25). Part one, two different methods were used to clip Vater’s ampulla using metal clips to establish an extrahepatic bile duct dilatation model. Part two, five trainees were trained on EUS-CDS with 25 pigs. Following a 2-week observation period, the feasibility and effectiveness of the technique were evaluated.ResultsIn the group with three metal clips perpendicular to the duodenal wall clipping Vater’s ampulla, the success rate of extrahepatic bile duct dilation greater than 1 cm in 24 h was 5/6, whereas the remaining one pig was 48 h. All five trainees can finally complete the EUS-CDS independently. No death occurred during the 2-week observation period.ConclusionClipping Vater’s ampulla with three metal clips perpendicular to the duodenal wall is an effective and stable method to create a porcine bile duct dilatation model.
Research trends and hotspots in prostate cancer associated exosome: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhu Zhengjia , Zhou Yingjian , Li Hao , Xu Wenchao , Wang Tao , Liu Jihong , Jiang Hongyang 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundProstate cancer is viewed as the second most common cancer in men worldwide. In our study, we used bibliometric analysis to construct a visual map of the relationship between prostate cancer and exosomes with the intent of uncovering research trends and current hotspots in this field.MethodWe searched the Web of Science Core Collection for all publications in the prostate cancer associated with exosome field came out since 2010. With the assistance of bibliometric analysis software such as VOSviewer and CiteSpace, we conducted data extraction and analysis for countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, references and keywords.ResultsA bibliometric analysis of 990 publications was performed. Since 2010, the published quantity and cited frequency of the prostate cancer-associated exosome field have revealed an increasing tendency. In this field, we visualized the research trends by the means of analyzing the references and keywords. We obtained the statistical data: the total citations of publications have increased to 55,462, the average citation per article has reached 55.3 times, and the H-index has amounted to 110. Our findings supported that USA, China and Italy rank the top countries with both the maximum publications and strongest cooperations. Harvard Medical School, Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Johns Hopkins University, are top institutions in the center of research as they are held to be. Thery C, Skog J and Taylor DD are the leading and outstanding professors and researchers. And top journals like Prostate, Plos One and Journal of Extracellular Vesicle expressed keen interests in this field. Based on our analysis and research, we believe that this field is attracting more and more attention and will focus on tumor bone metastasis, drug delivery, and tumor suppressor.ConclusionIn the past 12 years, researchers have dedicated their efforts to prostate cancer associated exosome. On the basis of previous studies, scientists are showing increasingly solicitude for the role of exosome in prostate cancer progression and potential therapy such as drug delivery.
Multidisciplinary management of pregnancy-associated and early post-partum head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Bergamini Cristiana , Cavalieri Stefano , Resteghini Carlo , Alfieri Salvatore , Nuzzolese Imperia , Colombo Elena , Ottini Arianna , Calareso Giuseppina , Vingiani Andrea , Iacovelli Nicola Alessandro , Franceschini Marzia , Guzzo Marco , Deganello Alberto , Licitra Lisa 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundPregnancy-associated cancer (PAC) occurs during pregnancy or within 12 months after the delivery. Head and neck cancer (HNC) during pregnancy is infrequent, therefore diagnosis and personalized therapy are intricate.MethodsWe investigated outcomes of 15 PAC patients (5 salivary, 4 nasopharyngeal, 3 thyroid, 2 oral cavity, one HPV-related carcinoma) diagnosed in the period 2005-2019. A literature review on PAC is provided.ResultsMedian gestational age at PAC diagnosis was 28 weeks (range: 16–40 weeks) in ten cases, at 5 months after delivery (range: 1 week–6 months) in the remaining five. Treatments included surgery (3 during pregnancy, 5 after childbirth), chemoradiation (8), and 3 patients with upfront metastatic disease received chemotherapy. Median survival was 6.6 years (eight women remain with no evidence of disease six years after diagnosis).ConclusionAll patients received state-of-the-art therapy, with encouraging long-term results, highlighting treatment safety in women with HNC during pregnancy.
Percutaneous transthoracic catheter drainage prior to surgery in treating neonates with congenital macrocystic lung malformation presenting with respiratory distress
Authors: He Taozhen , Sun Xiaoyan , Luo Dengke , Dai Shiyi , Yuan Miao , Yang Gang , Cheng Kaisheng , Xu Chang 
Published: November 2023

BackgoundIt is rarely seen that neonates with congenital macrocystic lung malformation (CMLM) presenting with respiratory distress require emergency intervention. No consensus has been achieved concerning the best policy facing such condition. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of our strategies in treating neonates with CMLM presenting with respiratory distress.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the data of six neonates with CMLM presenting with respiratory distress from April 2020 to October 2022 for whom drainage-prior-to-surgery strategy were adopted and favorable outcomes were obtained. The relevant data was reviewed and analyzed.ResultsAll the patients were prenatally diagnosed with congenital lung malformation and postnatally as congenital macrocystic lung malformation via CT scan. Each neonate accepted percutaneous thoracic catheter drainage prior to surgery. The first and fifth neonates with macrocystic lung mass experienced prompt open lobectomy and delayed thoracoscopic surgery due to failure of air drainage, respectively. The other four patients obtained good drainage of the large air-filled cyst, thus gaining the opportunity for elective thoracoscopic surgery within median 45 days.ConclusionsFor neonates with macrocystic lung malformation presenting with respiratory distress due to mediastinal compression, percutaneous thoracic catheter drainage is worth a shot for elective thoracoscopic surgery due to its feasibility and safety.