bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience and burnout of healthcare workers during the early COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Siddique Haleema , Maweni Robert Munashe , Lupi Micol , Woods Shannan , Shirazi Shahram , Foley Robert William , Machando Debra 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significantly more healthcare workers (HCWs) experiencing burnout than previously. This burnout is strongly associated with low resilience. Addressing organisational stresses and the introduction of resilience training will help to reduce the proportion of HCWs experiencing this phenomenon. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the biopsychosocial changes and challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic on the healthcare workforce, exploring, specifically, the impact on and relationship between HCWs' resilience and burnout. Methods: An electronic opt-in survey was distributed to HCWs through hospital and professional association communications emails and websites, as well as social media. The survey consisted of demographic questions, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory to assess burnout, Brief Resilience Scale to assess general resilience, and 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale to assess resilience during the pandemic. Univariate and multivariate analysis was undertaken to examine the relationship between these factors. Results: A total of 1370 HCWs completed the questionnaire, with 802 (58.5%) having burnout, 348 (25.4%) having low general resilience and 390 (28.5%) having low COVID resilience. Burnout was significantly associated with being public sector workers, low general resilience and low COVID resilience. Resilience training was found to be protective for burnout. Conclusion: The introduction of resilience training in the workplace is a fundamental tool that will significantly benefit HCWs when working under challenging conditions.
Disparities in pre-health advising across California’s public universities
Authors: Rios-Fetchko Francine , Carson Mariam , Tapia Manuel , Fernandez Alicia , Coffman Janet 
Published: February 2024

Background
The Supreme Court’s decision in Students for Fair Admissions, Inc., v. Harvard College is likely to result in the matriculation of fewer students from historically excluded racial/ethnic groups at more selective colleges and universities and matriculation of more students at less selective colleges and universities. Because of this, it is important to understand how resources for pre-health advising, a modifiable factor that can help increase the diversity of the health workforce, vary across institutions with differing levels of selectivity. Colleges are known to vary in resources, structure, and investment in pre-health advising but data are lacking and there is no estimate of any pre-health advising resource gap.

Purpose
To quantify availability of advising resources and identify perceived challenges in pre-health advising in California’s highly diverse public and select private undergraduate institutions.

Methods
Structured 60-minute Zoom interviews from June 2022 –October 2022 at 18/23 CSU (California State Universities), 9/9 University of California (UC) institutions and 6 select private institutions with varying levels of selectivity. Two investigators independently analyzed interviews using a Grounded Theory Approach. The full study team reviewed transcripts and themes.

Key results
Pre-health advisor capacity varied greatly across the three types of institutions. CSU: mean = 1 FTE advisor: 24,620 graduates (range: 1: 1,059–1: 150,520); UC mean = 1 FTE advisor: 4,526 graduates (range: 1: 1,912–1: 10,920); private institutions mean = 1 FTE advisor:1,794 graduates (range: 1: 722–1: 5,300). Participants reported common challenges: advising capacity, lack of advisor training, advisor turnover, and student difficulties in accessing clinical opportunities and required coursework. CSU and UC participants noted that these had greatest impact for first generation and racially/ethnically underrepresented students for whom lack of informal professional networks, lack of other mentors, and financial responsibilities complicate college navigation and professional school application.

Conclusions
Students at CSU campuses had 5 times less access to pre-health advising per graduate than UC students, and 13 times less than students at private institutions. Much greater investment is needed in California’s public institutions, particularly CSUs, to increase equity in access to advising for pre-health professional students. Research should examine pre-health advising resource capacity in other states, especially those that are now facing race-neutral admissions policies at undergraduate institutions and health professions schools.
Comparison of stereopsis and foveal microstructure after internal limiting membrane peeling and inverted internal limiting membrane flap techniques in patients with macular hole
Authors: Morikawa Shohei , Okamoto Fumiki , Murakami Tomoya , Sugiura Yoshimi , Oshika Tetsuro 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
To compare stereopsis and foveal microstructure after internal limiting membrane peeling and inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique in patients with macular hole.

Design
Retrospective observational study.

Methods
Sixty-six patients with macular hole were included, of whom 41 underwent 25-gauge pars-plana vitrectomy with complete internal limiting membrane peeling (Peeling group) and 25 with the inverted flap technique (Inverted group). We evaluated stereopsis using the Titmus Stereo Test and the TNO stereo test, best-corrected visual acuity, macular hole closure rate, and foveal microstructure with optical coherence tomography before and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery.

Main outcome measures
Stereopsis and foveal microstructure.

Results
Preoperatively, no difference was observed in the base and minimum diameters of macular hole, Titmus Stereo Test score, TNO stereo test score, and best-corrected visual acuity between the Peeling and Inverted groups. The macular hole closure rate in the Peeling and Inverted groups were 97.6% and 100%, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. At 12 months postoperatively, Titmus Stereo Test score (2.1 ± 0.4 in the peeling and 2.2 ± 0.4 in the inverted groups), TNO stereo test score (2.3 ± 0.4 and 2.2± 0.5), and best-corrected visual acuity (0.20 ± 0.18 and 0.24 ± 0.25) were not significantly different between groups (p = 0.596, 0.332, respectively). The defect of the external limiting membrane was more common in the Inverted group than in the Peeling group at 6 months after surgery (5.4 vs. 28.0%; p < 0.05). No statistically significant inter-group differences were noted in the ellipsoid zone defect ratio throughout the follow-up period.

Conclusions
There was no difference in postoperative stereopsis nor foveal microstructure between the internal limiting membrane peeling group and the inverted group in patients with macular hole.
Prevalence, lived experiences and user profiles in e-cigarette use: A mixed methods study among French college students
Authors: Kinouani Shérazade , Da Cruz Héléna , Langlois Emmanuel , Tzourio Christophe 
Published: February 2024

Background
Little is known about e-cigarette use in French students. Our aims were to estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette experimentation and current e-cigarette use; describe the reasons for using e-cigarettes; explore the vaping experience and identify the profiles of e-cigarette users.

Methods
We used a sequential, explanatory mixed methods design in a sample of French college students. Quantitative data was collected online for a cross-sectional analysis among 1698 students. Two separate analysis based on the thematic analysis and the Grounded Theory were also performed in 20 semi-structured interviews, focusing former and current smokers also current vapers.

Results
The prevalence of e-cigarette experimentation was 39.3% (95% CI: 35.2–44.0) and 5.1% (95% CI: 3.2–8.0) of students were current e-cigarette users. Experimentation was opportunistic while current usage was rational, requiring to acquire a personal electronic device, getting used to its technicality, appreciating its availability, discretion, and learning the practice. In this context, three distinct groups of e-cigarette users were identified, based on assumed identity, tobacco and e-cigarette use, the functions assigned to e-cigarettes, and intentions with regards to vaping in the future.

Conclusion
Despite some limitations mainly related to the participants self-selection, this research showed that while many smokers and former smokers have tried e-cigarettes in this student population, few have continued to use them continuously. Moreover, these current e-cigarette users were a heterogeneous group. Longitudinal studies are needed in young adult smokers for a better understanding of how their tobacco and e-cigarette use affect each other and change over time.
Clasificación y comportamiento antropométrico de los pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de pediatría del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio durante los meses de junio a octubre de 2019
Authors: Lince-Rivera Isabella , Vargas Gotuzzo Catalina , Pachón-Blanco Nathalia , Rosero Silva Antonia , Meza Castellanos Alejandra Guadalupe , Estrada Cano Diana Carolina , Soler Ramírez Ángela María , Orozco Corredor Johana Paola , Gómez Molano Johanna Carolina , Kunzel-Gallo Alexa , Gil Fabían , Granados Claudia Marcela , Plata Clara Eugenia 
Published: February 2024

Introducción: malnutrición se define como un estado de desbalance entre el requerimiento de nutrientes y la ingesta, que genera efectos deletéreos sobre el organismo y el crecimiento, aumentando la morbimortalidad. La probabilidad de desarrollar deficiencias nutricionales es mayor durante una hospitalización y los desenlaces clínicos se empobrecen cuando esta condición no es atendida. Objetivo: conocer el comportamiento antropométrico de los pacientes de 1 mes a 15 años que ingresaron al servicio de pediatría del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio en Bogotá, Colombia en 4 meses. Métodos: estudio longitudinal y descriptivo en el cual cinco estudiantes de medicina supervisados y entrenados tomaron las medidas antropométricas de los pacientes hospitalizados entre junio y octubre del 2019 que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Las variables fueron introducidas en una base de datos diariamente y su análisis se hizo con Stata 17. Resultados: se obtuvieron datos de 100 niños, la edad promedio fue de 3.6 años y la mayoría estuvieron hospitalizados entre 4 a 7 días. Los diagnósticos más comunes fueron neumonía y crisis asmática. La población estudiada tuvo una baja frecuencia de obesidad y sobrepeso y el 44 % de los pacientes perdió peso durante la hospitalización. 19 % de los niños ingresaron y egresaron con riesgo de desnutrición global, 10 % con diagnóstico de desnutrición global y al final de la hospitalización aumentaron en 6 % los pacientes en riesgo de desnutrición. Conclusiones: se recomienda evaluar el riesgo nutricional de todos los pacientes que ingresan al servicio de pediatría sin importar el diagnóstico, así como realizar un seguimiento antropométrico intrahospitalario y el manejo de aquellos identificados con alteraciones, asegurando además su vigilancia posterior al egreso.
Orbital stability of the trains of peaked solitary waves for the modified Camassa-Holm-Novikov equation
Authors: Luo Ting 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Consideration herein is the stability issue of peaked solitary wave solution for the modified Camassa-Holm-Novikov equation, which is derived from the shallow water theory. This wave configuration accommodates the ordered trains of the modified Camassa-Holm-Novikov-peaked solitary solution. With the application of conservation laws and the monotonicity property of the localized energy functionals, we prove the orbital stability of this wave profile in the

H

1

(

R

)

{H}^{1}\left({\mathbb{R}})

energy space according to the modulation argument.
Global boundedness in a two-dimensional chemotaxis system with nonlinear diffusion and singular sensitivity
Authors: Ren Guoqiang , Zhou Xing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the two-dimensional chemotaxis system with nonlinear diffusion and singular sensitivity:

u

t

=

∇

⋅

(

u

θ
−
1

∇

u

)

−
χ

∇

⋅

u

v

∇

v

,

x
∈
Ω
,

t
>
0
,

v

t

=
Δ
v
−
v
+
u
+
g

(

x
,
t

)

,

x
∈
Ω
,

t
>
0
,

(

∗

)

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}{u}_{t}=\nabla \cdot \left({u}^{\theta -1}\nabla u)-\chi \nabla \cdot \left(\frac{u}{v}\nabla v\right),& x\in \Omega ,\hspace{0.33em}t\gt 0,\\ {v}_{t}=\Delta v-v+u+g\left(x,t),& x\in \Omega ,\hspace{0.33em}t\gt 0,\\ \end{array}\right.\hspace{2.0em}\hspace{2.0em}\hspace{2.0em}\left(\ast )

in a bounded domain with smooth boundary. We present the global boundedness of weak solutions to the model (

∗

\ast

) if

θ
>

3

2

\theta \gt \frac{3}{2}

and (1.10)–(1.11). This result improves our recent work.
Influence of incubation delays on COVID-19 transmission in diabetic and non-diabetic populations – an endemic prevalence case
Authors: Anand Monalisa , Danumjaya Palla , Rao Ponnada Raja Sekhara 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study of dynamics of diabetic population infected by COVID-19 is of pressing concern as people with diabetes are considered to be at higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19. A three-compartment mathematical model to describe the interactions of diabetic population and non-diabetic population both infected by COVID-19 with a susceptible population is considered. Time delays in incubation periods of COVID-19 in diabetic and non-diabetic populations are introduced. Besides the basic properties of such a dynamical system, both local and global stability of endemic equilibrium, are studied. The lengths of time delays are estimated for which the stability of the system is preserved locally, while sufficient conditions on system parameters are obtained for global stability. Numerical examples are provided to establish the theory, and simulations are provided to visualize the examples. It is noted that an increase in length of time delay in either of infected populations leads to oscillations in susceptible population but has no impact on infected populations.
Hydraulic model for flood inundation in Diyala River Basin using HEC-RAS, PMP, and neural network
Authors: Alrammahi Faris Sahib , Ahmed Hamdan Ahmed Naseh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Diyala River Basin in Iraq is vital for water supply to residential, agricultural, and the Tigris River (with approximately 4.5 billion cubic meters annually), but it faces frequent floods and droughts due to reliance on rainfall. This study aims to address these issues by simulating flood inundation using the hydrological engineering centre-river analysis system model and predicting high-intensity rainfall with artificial neural networks. ArcGIS and remote sensing tools aid model development with data from official sources and organizations such as national aeronautics and space administration and food and agriculture organization. The hydraulic model is calibrated using satellite imagery to depict a 2019 flood, and artificial intelligence predicts the precipitation patterns for the next 50 years based on historical data from 1981 to 2021. One of the challenges and difficulties encountered in the study is the scarcity of available data, as well as the absence of scientific research pertaining to the region regarding hydraulic modeling. The study identifies flood risks in March and April every year, notably for the Hemrin Dam, which may exceed permissible water levels (reach a level over 110 m where the Hemrin Crest level is 109.5 m). To mitigate this, an artificial canal is proposed to divert water annually, protecting the dam and downstream areas without disrupting operations. The diverted water could also augment the Tigris River in Kut Governorate during summer. The study demonstrates the value of integrating multiple modeling techniques and data sources for accurate hydraulic predictions. It offers insights for decision-makers in flood management and planning. This study contributes to efficient flood management strategies by adopting a multidisciplinary approach.
Comparison of thermal hydraulic performance between horizontal and vertical steam generators in nuclear power plants
Authors: El-Sahlamy Neama M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Steam generators (SG) for Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are important large-sized metal consuming equipment of nuclear power installations. Efficiency of steam generator operation determines the overall service life of the whole nuclear facility. Vertical steam generators are used normally in North America, Europe and South East Asia, but horizontal steam generators are currently of great importance to reduce building heights and construction costs that govern the overall cost of new nuclear power plants. The objective of the current study is to measure the performance of nuclear steam generators in NPPs through comparative assessments of vertical and horizontal configurations. For this purpose, the vertical U-tube steam generators of a typical 4-loop Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) was replaced by a VVER-1000 horizontal steam generators to evaluate the horizontal SG performance, at the same plant conditions and characteristics, in comparison with the vertical SG. The thermal hydraulic system code RELAP5 was used in the current work to perform the required analysis, during steady and transient scenarios.
Finite element analysis of deterioration of axial compression behavior of corroded steel-reinforced concrete middle-length columns
Authors: Nie Renjie , Chen Yitao , Xing Zhiquan , Chen Libo , Yue Zhicheng , Chen Wei , Chen Yu , Chen Long , Liu Shuping , Chen Jincheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The corrosion problem of steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) columns in coastal areas is becoming increasingly severe and needs to be solved urgently. This study established a numerical analysis model for SRC middle-length columns considering corrosion effects. The bond–slip constitutive relationship between corroded steel and concrete was established. It was found that when the rust rate is low, the bonding stress of SRC columns is slightly increased compared to those without corrosion. The ultimate and residual bonding stress will decrease significantly when the rust rate exceeds 1.5%. The comparison between the numerical analysis model and the experimental results shows that the establishment of the model is reasonable. Subsequent parameter analysis showed that for corroded SRC mid-length columns, the larger the slenderness ratio of the component, the faster the decrease in axial compression performance. The rust rate increased from 0 to 30%, and the axial compression performance of SRC columns decreased significantly. When the rust rate exceeded 30%, the axial compression performance of concrete columns tended to stabilize. A formula for calculating SRC middle-length columns’ ultimate bearing capacity considering corrosion effects has been proposed.
Graphene oxide composite as a novel corrosion inhibitor for N80 steel in 15 % HCl: experimental and quantum chemical examinations
Authors: Caihong Yin , Singh Ambrish , Ansari Kashif R. , Ali Ismat H. , Ibrahimi Brahim EL , Alanazi Abdullah K. , Younas Muhammad , Lin Yuanhua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) consists of many functional groups containing oxygen that helps in its chemical modifications. Thus, we have explored the synthesis, and corrosion inhibition application of n-butylamine (nBA) functionalized GO, i.e., GO-nBA for N80 steel in the acidizing environment (15 % HCl). NMR and TEM characterized the GO-nBA. The performance of GO-nBA was evaluated via chemical and electrochemicals methods that are supported by surface examination techniques. The PDP results supports the mixed nature of protection ability of GO-nBA. Additionally, the excellency of GO-nBA is confirmed by the value of 93.93 % efficiency. The surface study furthermore represents smooth texture with the addition of GO-nBA. The computational analysis reveals excellent inhibitive performance of GO-nBA.
Challenges and Strenghts of Family and School with SCORE-15
Authors: Bjelopoljak Šejla 
Published: February 2024

While a family faces a test of its own resilience on one side, the most vulnerable member – at the same time the strongest – often shows behavioral symptoms on the other side by sending distress signals that “somewhere” something is not working. If this is a child and a student, then they will surely not benefit from the linear approach of institutional support, in which they are labeled for their behavior as an individual who needs to change and adapt to the rules (of the school). The cause lies in the sub-layer of symptoms that the education staff, primarily an expert associate, understand with the help of other members of the family system. They will then try to intensify communication and mutual understanding of common goals. The aim of the research was to examine the challenges and strengths faced by families from the perspective of expert associates using descriptive, causal and assessment methods. Explication of the findings based on the SCORE-15 instrument, in this paper, we examine the quality of support from the perspective of expert associates who, observing the family, confirm the linearity of their own approach, but also the challenge of a family that does not accept changes, yet urgently needs help. The results confirm that in more than 50% of cases the observed families apply a pattern of behavior aimed at preserving traditional values (morphostasis) while resisting to accept change coming from younger generations (morphogenesis) and “without trust and family cohesion, have challenges in balancing functional relationships within the family system”. Also, that expert associates encounter difficulties in the application of the system paradigm and that the linear approach prevails in the work. As for institutional support, with an emphasis on the school system, the findings confirm linearly based actions in the direction of treating the manifestations of the observed symptoms, but not the causes that had led to challenges in children’s behavior, which ultimately leads to dissatisfaction with their own work as expert associates. Judging from the results which represent families that possess values such as nurturing truth, courage and personal resources they use to overcome problems, where protecting the youngest – children – is the number one priority, we can see there is room for establishing partnerships. The expert associates confirmed the systemic perspective when it comes to hoping that the family can cope with developmental challenges.