bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current status of digital health interventions in the health system in Burkina Faso
Authors: SYLLA Bry , OUEDRAOGO Boukary , TRAORE Salif , OUEDRAOGO Ousseni , SAVADOGO Léon Gueswendé Blaise , DIALLO Gayo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Digital health is being used as an accelerator to improve the traditional healthcare system. It can help countries achieve their sustainable development goals. Burkina Faso aims to harmonize its digital health interventions to guide its digital health strategy for the coming years. The current assessment is an upstream work to guide the development of this strategic plan.
Methods
This was a quantitative, descriptive study conducted between September 2022 and April 2023. A two-part survey was carried out, a self-administered questionnaire with healthcare information managers in facilities, and a direct interview with software developers. This was complemented by a qualitative review of the country's strategic documents on digital transformation.
Results
Burkina Faso has a fairly extensive body of governance texts relating to digital transformation. The study identified a total of 35 digital health interventions. Analysis showed that 89% of funding came from technical and financial partners and the private sector. The use of open-source technologies for development is well established (77%), but there is a lack of integration of data from different platforms. Furthermore, the classification of interventions shows an unbalanced distribution between the different elements according to the domain: the health system, the classification of digital health interventions (DHI) and the subsystems of the National Health Information System (NHIS). Most digital health interventions are in the pilot phase (66%), with isolated electronic patient record initiatives not yet completed. In the public sector, this record is of the electronic register type or an isolated specialty record in a hospital. In the private sector, some tools are implemented depending on the needs expressed by the structure. The difficulty remains in the use of interoperability norms and standards in tool design. Very little use is made of the data generated by the implemented tools.
Conclusion
This study provides an overview of the digital health environment in Burkina Faso and raises major challenges in terms of intervention strategies. The results will be the starting point for drawing up the digital health strategic plan; if the shortcomings are taken into account, it will provide a framework for future digital health initiatives.
Myeloid cell-expressed MNDA enhances M2 polarization to facilitate the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Meng Yanru , Zhang Mengxin , Li Xinli , Dong Qian , Zhang Hu , Zhai Yuanjun , Wang Xinxin , He Fuchu , Tian Chunyan , Sun Aihua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The molecular subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with the worst prognosis are characterized by immune disorders dominated by myeloid cell infiltration, but how to accurately screen these patients for accurate diagnosis and treatment is not clear. In this study, based on HCC proteomic data from two independent centers, we found that Myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) could be used as a marker of myeloid lymphocyte especially M2 myeloid cell infiltration, and further analyzed the mechanism and potential clinical value of MNDA in promoting poor prognosis of HCC.
Methods
We investigated the proteomic molecular subtype of HCC and discovered a significant elevation of the myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) in the most aggressive subtype. The association between MNDA and the prognosis of HCC was examined using multi-omics data. Gene expression analysis, multiple immunofluorescence and western blot were used for detecting the localization of MNDA in HCC. Cellular co-culture experiments were conducted for exploring the functions of MNDA in vitro while intravenous injections were used in in vivo study. To elucidate its oncogenic mechanisms, we used RNA-seq combined with mass spectrometry analysis and cellular experiments to identify the related signaling pathway.
Results
MNDA demonstrated significantly elevated expression in the most aggressive subtype of HCC and exhibited a positively correlation with M2 infiltration and HCC metastasis. Moreover, MNDA also functioned as an independent prognostic predictor and has a good synergistic effect with existing prognostic clinical indicators (such as AFP, tumor size, MVI, etc.). We also found that MNDA was primarily expressed in tumor M2 macrophages and contributed to the enhancement of M2 macrophage polarization by upregulating the expression of the enhancers of M2 polarization. Furthermore, MNDA knockdown inhibited the secretion of M2 macrophage-derived pro-metastasis proteins via the exosome pathway to suppress HCC metastasis both in vivo and in vitro.
Conclusions
MNDA exerts a protumor role by promoting M2 macrophages polarization and HCC metastasis, and can serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of 10% Sodium Iodide and Potassium Iodide Therapies of Horses With Eipizootic Lymphangitis at Spana Equine Clinic, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
Authors: Mideksa Kumisa , Negasa Tolesa , Asefa Zerihun , Zewdu Hanna , Tesfaye Reta , Merridale-Punter Matilde , Sturgeon Ben 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To identify the comparative effectiveness of different drug combinations and routes of drug administration for epizootic lymphangitis in horses in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia.
Methods
Experimental study was conducted on forty horses with Epizootic lymphangitis. After identification of cases and oral consent from horse’s owner the study were conducted. Selected horses were examined and attributed an EZL in six grading level depending on the severity of the disease. The study was conducted in five different experimental groups in which equal numbers of eight experimental units were assigned.
Results
The presence of EZL was confirmed in a total of forty horses by Giemsa stain. Animals were then included in the trial to assess the comparative effectiveness of different treatment protocols. The analysis of variables of all experimental groups and all variables of the study group (number of nodules, number of discharging nodules, recovered nodules and grade) shows statistical significant (P < 0.05) differences. All experimental units were examined six times with 48 frequencies. Grade was mostly preferred to determine the level of effectiveness of the drug. The statistically significant differences in therapeutic value were observed by pairwise comparison of all groups. The oral KI in combination with topical 4% iodine tincture versus 10% NaI IVRP in combination with topical 4% iodine tincture, 10% NaI through jugular vein in combination with topical 4% iodine tincture and debridement and topical 4% iodine tincture with their respective P values were 0.004, 0.025 and 0.018.
Conclusion
The combination of 10% NaI through jugular vein in combination with topical application of 4% iodine tincture was comparably better effective treatment than other remedies. Most of the horse owners also responded that intravenous injection of the drugs in combination with 4% iodine tincture topically had better therapeutic value than other remedies.
Machine Learning Approaches for Identification of Potential Biomarkers from Cancer Omics Data
Authors: Shaikh Nilofer , Bapat Sanket , Karthikeyan Muthukumarasamy , Vyas Renu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Machine learning (ML) techniques have widely been used to analyze and interpret multi-omics data. It allows researchers to uncover complex relationships and patterns within molecular features. In the present comprehensive work, we performed text mining of biomedical literature data against selected ten cancer types (breast, colon, cervical, CNS, leukemia, lung, melanoma, ovarian, prostate and renal) using the BioNLP python package. We also constructed a gene-drug interaction network to find the potential biomarkers. The major 30 hub genes were identified to drive more effective and targeted cancer therapies and relevant oncogenic pathways. Using the text mining and network-based approach we were able to identify 49 genes. These were unique and significant against cancer types and are not updated in the cancer omics databases such as TCGA and cBioPortal. Further, we employed machine learning t-SNE clustering for the identification of putative biomarkers based on cancer omics profile and to understand the complex molecular landscapes within the ten types of cancer. To gain insight into the survival outcomes of cancer patients, a Kaplan-Meier plot of the Cox coefficient was performed to get the survival correlation against TCGA data. Multi-omics data analysis has shown a significant potential to transform cancer research and clinical practice by providing a holistic view. Also, it enables to design of precision cancer medicine and drives advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
How Austrian primary care physicians formed their concept of care quality during the first ten months of the COVID-19 pandemic. A repeated cross-sectional survey research
Authors: Braun Alexander , Behrens Doris A. , Krczal Eva 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background. In March 2020, Austria was among the first European countries to declare a national lockdown, responding to SARS-CoV-2 infections with a stringent ringfencing policy for inpatient beds. These interventions altered access to the Austrian healthcare system. This study aims to understand demand- and supply-side factors influencing Austrian Primary Care Physicians’ (PCPs’) assessment of their care quality during the first ten months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. The study deployed a cross-section design based on stratified random sampling, where all Austrian PCPs (split into three disjointed random samples) were invited to participate in an online questionnaire (in May, September and November 2020, respectively). A multinomial logit model analyses the three sets of cross-sectional survey data. The study subjects are all 6,679 Austrian PCP (2020) with a registered practice. The total sample size was 403 (corresponding to a net response rate of 6.3%). Results. The primary outcome was the PCPs’ evaluation of their care quality. Secondary outcomes were “patient behaviour and wellbeing” (five questions), with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.74, and the PCPs’ “pandemic preparedness” (five questions) with a smaller internal consistency (0.69). 47% of the PCPs rated their care quality during the first ten months of the pandemic as worse than before the outbreak of COVID-19. The overall assessment correlates to the pandemic stage, lack of preventive care and mediocre information exchange/cooperation within the medical profession. Towards the end of the first lockdown, PCPs’ care quality perception was exclusively shaped by the availability of SARS-CoV-2 tests at the practice. Conclusions. With improved resource supply towards the end of 2020, demand-side factors like the uptake of medical check-ups and screenings increasingly defined PCPs’ quality perception. Also, respondents described waiting times for elective specialist care as significantly increasing during lockdown periods. However, they did not include them when perceiving their care quality.
System Dynamics Simulation Modelling for the Controlling of Vehicular Emissions in Indian City, Lucknow
Authors: GORJI H V SAI SIMHA 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An urban low-emission transportation system is dynamic and complex, encompassing various socio-economic factors, vehicular characteristics, infrastructure, and other variables. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen metropolitan transport demand and improve the urban transport structure with a clear focus on lower emissions. This study is centered on conducting comprehensive research on System Dynamics concepts. The paper analyzes the intricate dynamics of these relationships by developing a low-emission metropolitan transportation system. Lucknow city, the capital of Uttar Pradesh in India, is chosen as a case study to model a low-emission urban area. The average air quality in Lucknow is satisfactory, although air pollutants such as Carbon (CO), NOx (NO2), and PM (PM2.5 and PM10) cause minor breathing discomfort for some residents. Private transportation, including two-wheelers (2W) and cars, constitutes almost 95% of the total trips, while public transportation, comprising three-wheelers (3W) and buses, accounts for approximately 1% of the trips. The annual fuel consumption in the city for private transportation represents nearly 87% of the total vehicular fuel consumption. The primary objective of this research is to develop a System Dynamics (SD) model using STELLA to predict fuel consumption and vehicular emissions from the transport sector by the horizon year 2028. A scenario planning approach that involves increasing public transportation while simultaneously controlling the growth of private transportation results in a nearly 42% reduction in energy consumption and almost a 21% reduction in emission levels for private transportation. This approach also leads to a 17% reduction in the growth rate of fuel costs and a 51% reduction in the growth rate of carbon emissions caused by vehicular traffic in the city.
To compare the effect of limbal dissection combined with ICL implantation and toric ICL implantation on astigmatism correction in patients with high myopia
Authors: Wang Yu-Han , Yang Ke , Liu Su-Meng , Wei Yi-Fan , Ying Fang-Wei , Yang Hao-Jiang , Qiao Li-Ya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background To compare the safety, efficacy, predictability and stability of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation with limbal relaxing incision (LRI) and toric ICL (TICL) implantation for correcting corneal astigmatism in high myopic patients. Methods This prospective clinical study recruited high myopic patients with a preoperative cylinder ranging from − 1.5 D to -1.0 D. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: 35 eyes of 25 patients underwent independent TICL implantation (TICL group), and 35 eyes of 20 patients underwent ICL implantation combined with LRI (LRI group). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were observed before and at the end of the 1st and 3rd months postoperatively. The outcomes considered were refraction and corneal topography preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. The variation in astigmatism was analyzed using vector analysis, which included surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), target-induced astigmatism (TIA), and the correction index (CI). Safety, efficacy, predictability and stability were also analyzed. Results LogMAR UDVA and logMAR CDVA were significantly improved 1 and 3 months postoperatively in both groups (P < 0.001). LogMAR CDVA in the LRI group was significantly higher than that in the TICL group at 1 month postoperatively (P = 0.001); logMAR UDVA was significantly higher than that in the TICL group at 3 months postoperatively (P = 0.025). AST in the LRI group was significantly reduced postoperatively (P = 0.001); there was no significant difference in the TICL group (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant change in SIA or TIA between the two groups (P > 0.05) 3 months postoperatively. The CI of the two groups indicated mild overcorrection, without a statistically significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). No complications occurred during the 3-month follow-up. The short-term safety of the LRI group was significantly higher than that of the TICL group (1.18 ± 0.23 vs. 1.01 ± 0.39, P = 0.029). Conclusions LRI combined with ICL implantation is effective for correcting low to moderate astigmatism in the short term. The safety, correction effect of astigmatism and visual acuity are better than that of TICL implantation. LRI is feasible as an astigmatism correction method for patients with high myopia and corneal astigmatism. Trial registration None.
Perampanel Mitigates Neuroinflammation and Nitrosative Stress in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Ding Changgeng , Yang Hongqiao , Sheng Zhengwei , Cheng Gefei , Wang Yuhai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of disability and mortality across all age groups. Inflammation is a crucial contributor to secondary injury following brain trauma. With advancements in surgical techniques and procedures, we aimed to identify a rational, safe, and efficacious pharmacological intervention that can ameliorate post-TBI symptoms, minimise associated complications, and enhance patient prognosis and quality of life. Perampanel is an oral, potent, noncompetitive α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) receptor antagonist. By antagonising AMPA receptors, a reduction in nitrate production can be achieved, thereby influencing crucial signalling factors involved in the pathway that induces inflammation. In this study, we investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of perampanel on rat neurones following TBI, using a rat model of cortical impact. The oral administration of perampanel effectively mitigated TBI-induced cellular oedema, reduced neuronal cell death, and attenuated tissue nitric oxide (NO) production in rats. Oral administration of perampanel results in a reduction in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) levels accompanied by a concurrent decrease in downstream cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Furthermore, at 6, 12, and 24 h post-injury, a decline in inflammatory factors and an increase in anti-inflammatory factors were observed. The same trend was further strengthened by the addition of an nNOS inhibitor to perampanel. Therefore, we conclude that perampanel is effective in preserving neurological function following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats by attenuating nitrate production, reducing inflammation, mitigating neuronal cell death, and acting through the nNOS-cGMP pathway.
Domestic Feline Retroviruses in Environmental Protection Area - Jericoacoara National Park, Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Rodriguês Ana Kétylla Ponte Prado , Taniwaki² Sueli Akemi , Costa³ Viviane Dias , Fonseca Arícia Débora Vasconcelos , Cavalcante¹ Ramuelly Olinda , Jorge² Felipe Rodrigues , Braz¹ Gissandra Farias , Cavalcante¹ Francisco Roger Aguiar , Silva Isaac Neto Goes , Pinheiro Raymundo Rizaldo , Monteiro Jomar Patrício , Brandão Paulo Eduardo , Hosie Margaret J , Teixeira¹ Bruno Marques 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are retroviruses with a worldwide distribution and great impact on the health of domestic cats. The Jericoacoara National Park is a region of environmental protection, in the State of Ceará, and contains the Jericoacoara Village, which is an important tourist destination in Brazil. The aims of this study were to verify the prevalence of FIV and FeLV in domestic cats from Jericoacoara Village, as well as the risk factors, clinical signals and hematological changes associated with infection with these feline retroviruses. Samples from 113 cats were collected and tested using anti-FIV antibody and FeLV p27 screening; sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the gag gene were performed to confirm the FIV subtype. Fourteen cats (12.4%) tested positive for FIV and twelve (10.6%) tested positive for FeLV. The analysis of risk factors for FIV showed that age was a statistically significant risk factor (p=0.001). Dehydration (p=0.008) and hyperproteinemia (p=0.041) were statistically associated with FIV infection. The analysis of risk factors for FeLV showed that cats from high density environments are more likely to become infected than cats from houses with few animals, stray cats, and community cats (p=0.001). No statistical association was found between the clinical and hematological alterations with FeLV infection. The phylogenetic analysis of sequences from nine FIV-positive animals revealed that samples belonged to FIV subtype B. The data found in the study suggest the need to intensify the control of these feline retroviruses in this environmental protection area.
Naloxone Distribution in Texas 2018-2022: A State-Wide Program for Opioid Overdose Prevention
Authors: Irwin Kevin S. , Mathias Charles W. , Wang Zhan , Emmerich Ashley L. , Cleveland Lisa M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Opioid-related overdose mortality has steadily increased throughout the United States. The distribution of the opioid agonist naloxone has been a critical first-line prevention strategy for preventing opioid overdose deaths. The continued geographic and demographic spread of opioid overdose poses significant challenges for targeting naloxone distribution to those most likely to witness and respond to an overdose. To achieve equity and impact, state-level naloxone distribution programs must account for numerous factors that shape the disproportionate burden of overdose mortality, including poor access to health services, rural location, cost, and responsiveness to shifting geographical trends.
Case Presentation:
This paper describes a large state-level, naloxone distribution initiative in Texas that aims to overcome these distribution challenges. Between 2018 and 2022, this centralized naloxone program distributed 576,360 doses of naloxone to individuals, agencies, and organizations. Naloxone went to 87.6% of Texas’ counties that reported overdoses. Fulfilled orders spanned sectors (Individuals, Community Organizations, Law Enforcement, Health Services, EMS/Fire, Schools, and Government Agencies) in mental health services shortage areas (91.3%), rural locations (4.7%), and Hispanic majority (21.6%) communities.
Conclusions
A centralized, statewide naloxone distribution program, like the one in Texas described in this paper, offers numerous benefits, including state-level monitoring of naloxone distribution effectiveness and reach across large geographic, service, and population sectors.
The influence of hydrocarbon generation on the sealing capability of mudstone caprock rich in organic matter
Authors: Yang Wei , Bai Yadong , Sun Xiujian , Wang Jiangong , Long Guohui , Li Hongzhe , Zuo Mingtao , Li Haipeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To obtain information about the sealing capability during the evolution of mudstone rich in organic matter, the pore structure, pore type, porosity, and gas breakthrough pressure of residual samples from mudstone hydrous pyrolysis experiments were analyzed. The results showed that during the thermal evolution process, hydrocarbons and organic acids were generated from OM in mudstone, resulting in the formation of pores within the organic matter. The acidic dissolution effectively dissolved minerals, leading to the creation of numerous dissolution pores. Meanwhile, compaction increased with burial depth in mudstone, causing a reduction in pore size. The change in pore type leaded to a change in pore structure and porosity. Both of the micropores and macropores exhibited similar changes in pore volume. Prior to reaching a Ro value of 1.41%, micropores, mesopores and macropores showed increasing trends; however, after surpassing this threshold, they began to decrease. Mesopores were influenced by both of the generation and compaction: when Ro was below 1.3%, mesopores decreased; whereas when Ro exceeded 1.3%, they significantly increased. Porosity displayed two peak values: the first occured at a Ro value of 0.72% with a porosity level of 4.6%; while the second appeared at a Ro value of 1.41% with a porosity level of 10.3%. The change of breakthrough pressure was the comprehensive reflection of these influencing factors and its trend exhibited a negative correlation with that of porosity (R2=0.886). At two high values of the porosity, two low values of the breakthrough pressure appeared. Smaller values indicated poorer sealing capability for mudstone caprock. When the Ro was below 1.3%, mudstone showed good sealing capability. However, once surpassing the threshold of 1.3%, the fluctuation in breakthrough pressure value displayed considerable variability, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation to assess its sealing capability.