bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and protein nutritional potential of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf: partial substitution improves the nutrition of conventional protein
Authors: Yan Cheng‐Hai , Chen Fang‐Hui , Yang Yu‐Lu , Shen Li‐Wei , Xun Xiao‐Meng , Zhang Zhi‐Ang , Zhan Yu‐Fan , You Shuai , Wang Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDWith the requirements of environmental, cost and economic sustainability, new sources of alternative proteins in the livestock industry are receiving increasing attention. Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves are a unique feed resource because of their high protein content and large availability. Therefore, mining sustainable protein suitable for the animal husbandry industry in sericulture resources could achieve a win–win situation.RESULTSThe protein content in mulberry leaves is 232.10–386.16 g kg−1, and the mean value of crude fat content is 43.76 ± 8.48 g kg−1, which has the advantages of protein content and energy. In addition, the average content of phytic acid in mulberry leaves is only 1.88 ± 0.56 g kg−1, which means that it is not inhibited in terms of nutrient absorption. Meanwhile, the digestibility of protein was Bean pulp > Sample 8 ≈ Alfalfa ≈ Sample 13 ≈ Cottonseed meal > Fish meal, and the β‐turn and particle size of mulberry leaf protein are more conducive to digestion in vitro. Furthermore, the protein of Sample 13 had the richest essential amino acids (252.00 g kg−1) and the highest essential amino acid index (EAAI), which was superior to conventional feed protein. In addition, the partial substitution of mulberry leaf protein (15%) significantly increased the EAAI value of conventional feed protein. However, to balance nutrition, it is necessary to combine mulberry leaf protein with other proteins to further broaden its application field.CONCLUSIONMulberry leaves are a new source of feed protein, which helps to alleviate the two major problems of mulberry resource surplus and feed protein resource shortage. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The impact of fruit thinning on size and quality of fresh‐market muscadine berries
Authors: Khalil Uzman , Rajwana Ishtiaq A. , Razzaq Kashif , Brecht Jeffrey K. , Sarkhosh Ali 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAchieving a larger berry size accompanied with even ripening are demanded by producers in growing muscadine cultivars. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of fruit thinning on berry size and quality in two muscadine grape cultivars, ‘Triumph’ a bronze‐fruited cultivar bearing hermaphrodite flowers, and ‘Supreme’ a dark black‐fruited cultivar bearing female flowers. Thinning was performed before bunch closure and only one cluster per cane was retained.RESULTSResults indicated a significant interaction of treatments and cultivars on berry weight and berry diameter. In ‘Supreme,’ berry weight and berry diameter were significantly increased where thinning was performed, and difference in plant yield between thinned and not thinned vines was not significant. For ‘Triumph,’ thinning had no significant impact on berry weight and diameter, but yield was ultimately reduced. Other physico‐chemical characters were not affected by fruit thinning. However, differences were observed between both cultivars for these characters. The values of antioxidant scavenging activity (ASA) and total phenolic content (TPC) were 62.7% and 21.7% higher in ‘Supreme’ as compared to ‘Triumph,’ irrespective of the thinning treatments. Being a colored cultivar, ‘Supreme’ berries have higher anthocyanins than ‘Triumph,’ which has a negligible amount of anthocyanins. The ASA exhibited a strong positive correlation with TPC and anthocyanin content of muscadine grapes. There was also a significant positive correlation between TPC and anthocyanins.CONCLUSIONCluster thinning of some muscadine grape cultivars may improve individual berry size without affecting overall plant yield or the fruit color, firmness, biochemical attributes and bioactive compounds. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The Impact of Hospital Safety‐Net Burden Status on Patients with HPV‐Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Gilja Shivee , Kumar Arvind , Kapustin Danielle , Su Vivian , Rubin Samuel J. , Chai Raymond , Roof Scott A. , Khan Mohemmed N. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to compare treatment characteristics and outcomes between patients with HPV‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) treated at hospitals of varying safety‐net burden status.MethodsPatients with cT1‐4, N0‐3, M0 HPV‐positive OPSCC who underwent definitive surgery or radiation were included. Patients were grouped based on their treating hospital safety‐net burden status, defined as the percentage of uninsured and Medicaid‐insured patients with OPSCC treated at the facility and stratified as low burden (LBH: 0–25th percentile), medium burden (MBH: 25th–75th percentile), or high burden (HBH: 75th–100th percentile). The primary outcome was primary treatment with surgery versus radiation, evaluated with multivariable‐adjusted logistic regression. Secondary outcomes included TORS versus open surgical approach, and overall survival evaluated with Cox proportional hazards analysis.ResultsOf the 19,810 patients with cT1‐4, N0‐3, M0 HPV‐positive OPSCC included in this study, 4921 (24.8%) were treated at LBH, 12,201 (61.6%) were treated at MBH, and 2688 (13.6%) were treated at HBH. In multivariable‐adjusted analysis, compared with treatment at LBH, treatment at HBH was associated with more frequent radiation over surgical treatment (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.12–1.40, p < 0.001). For patients undergoing surgery, patients at HBH had less frequent transoral robotic surgery (OR: 0.30, 95% CI 0.24–0.38, p < 0.001) compared with patients treated at LBH. Overall survival of patients treated at HBH was worse than that of patients treated at LBH (HR: 1.27, 95% CI 1.13–1.43, p < 0.001).ConclusionThese findings highlight underlying disparities at higher safety‐net burden facilities that impact patterns of care and outcomes for patients with OPSCC.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:1733–1740, 2024
A Nationwide Analysis of Head and Neck Fibromatoses
Authors: Raad Richard A. , Akers Rachel , Al‐Khudari Samer , Stenson Kerstin , Bhayani Mihir K. 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundHead and neck fibromatoses (HNFs) are a rare, diverse group of soft tissue tumors characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts. Available literature on these tumors is limited to case reports and small single‐institutional studies.ObjectiveWe aim to provide demographic, socioeconomic, tumor‐related, and treatment characteristics of HNFs.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).MethodsThe NCDB was queried for fibromatosis‐related histologic codes located within the head and neck region. Various factors were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed.ResultsBetween 2004 and 2016, 130 patients were included in the analyses. Average age was 57.4 years old with a predominance of White (83.6%) males (61.5%). Non‐desmoid HNFs accounted for 60%–70% of the tumors. The salivary gland was the most common location (38.5%) and more than half of the tumors were high grade. The majority were treated surgically (90.8%) and 25% had positive margins. Mean and median overall survival (OS) were 98.9 and 135.4 months, respectively. Surgery is associated with better OS than nonsurgical alternatives. Addition of adjuvant treatments was not associated with differences in survival.ConclusionIn the largest study to date, we describe demographic, socioeconomic, tumor‐related, and treatment patterns of patients with this rare disease. These tumors are most frequently present in middle‐aged males with high‐grade histology. Most are treated surgically and positive surgical margins are common. Surgery has better OS than nonsurgical alternatives. While adjuvant radiation has become more common, we found no difference in survival compared to surgery alone.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:2228–2235, 2024
The Influence of Polysaccharides on Lipid Metabolism: Insights from Gut Microbiota
Authors: Huang Qianqian , Zhang Yanhui , Chu Qiang , Song Haizhao 
Published: November 2023

ScopePolysaccharides are complex molecules of more than ten monosaccharide residues interconnected through glycosidic linkages formed via condensation reactions. Polysaccharides are widely distributed in various food resources and have gained considerable attention due to their diverse biological activities. This review presented a critical analysis of the existing research literature on anti‐obesity polysaccharides and investigates the complex interplay between their lipid‐lowering activity and the gut microbiota, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the lipid‐lowering properties of polysaccharides and the underlying mechanisms of action.Methods and resultsIn this review, the study summarized the roles of polysaccharides in improving lipid metabolism via gut microbiota, including the remodeling of the intestinal barrier, reduction of inflammation, inhibition of pathogenic bacteria, reduction of trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) production, and regulation of the metabolism of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs).ConclusionThese mechanisms collectively contributed to the beneficial effects of polysaccharides on lipid metabolism and overall metabolic health. Furthermore, polysaccharide‐based nanocarriers combined with gut microbiota have broad prospects for developing targeted and personalized therapies for hyperlipidemia and obesity.
Biotic and abiotic factors that influence Walleye recruitment in stocked lakes in Michigan
Authors: Bopp Justin , Herbst Seth J. , Brenden Travis O. , Wehrly Kevin , Hessenauer Jan-Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
In recent decades, widespread evidence of declining Walleye Sander vitreus recruitment in the Midwestern United States has raised concerns about diminishing ecological benefits and fishing opportunities, which in turn has resulted in natural resource agencies using stocking to supplement populations. Success of Walleye stocking events vary; thus, evaluating the external factors that influence recruitment success of Walleye resulting from stocking or natural production is critical for improved management.

Methods
We evaluated factors influencing the relative recruitment in 98 lakes stocked annually with Walleye by integrating 20 years of stocking data with fisheries assessment and abiotic data. We indexed recruitment as the relative abundance of Walleye cohorts from natural and stocked sources combined and used boosted regression tree modeling to identify variables that are associated with varying recruitment.

Result
Growing degree-days at age 1, shoreline development index, mean depth, and degree-days at age 2 were the most important variables. The boosted regression tree model explained 17% of observed variability in recruitment. A positive relationship between growing degree-days and Walleye recruitment was observed, whereas shoreline development and lake depth had a negative relationship with recruitment. Secondarily important predictors were lake surface area, spring warming rate, Northern Pike Esox lucius abundance, and degree-days at age 0. In general, Walleye recruitment was positively associated with these predictors, with the exceptions of spring warming rates &gt;0.3°C/day and being exposed to &gt;3500 degree-days at age 0.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that thermal variables in addition to lake characteristics are important recruitment drivers in stocked waters and highlights the potential for resource managers to use this information to prioritize stocking efforts in temperate lakes.
Experimental investigations on the repeated low velocity impact and compression‐after‐impact behaviors of woven glass fiber reinforced composite laminates
Authors: Li Hao , Yu Zhaogang , Tao Zhen , Liu Kun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the repeated low velocity impact responses and compression‐after‐impact (CAI) behaviors of woven glass fiber‐reinforced composite laminates were studied at the same total impact energy. Three types of impact energies, 30, 40, and 60 J, were chosen for the repeated impact tests relative to the single 120 J impact event. The impact behaviors including impact contact force–displacement and energy–time curves during the impact testing were recorded. The variations of the impact mechanical characteristics such as peak impact force, maximum displacement, and energy absorption were evaluated. The methods of visual inspection and stereo microscope were applied to identify the damage morphology of the impacted laminates. The damage accumulation was evaluated employing the absorbed energy fraction and normalized maximum displacement. It was found that the influences of impact energy on the repeated impact mechanical response are more remarkable than that of the impact number, and the impact events with fewer impact numbers cause more damage to the laminates for the same accumulative impact energy. Furthermore, the load–displacement and the CAI strength versus impact number curves were compared for the CAI testing. The ultimate load and the resulted CAI strength decrease with the increase of impact number owing to the influence of damage accumulation in repeated impacts.Highlights
Repeated impact responses were studied at the same total impact energy.
The impact energy makes significant influence on the impact dynamic responses.
The impact events with fewer impact numbers cause more damage to the composites.
The CAI behavior was explored considering the effect of damage accumulation.
The CAI strength of damaged laminates decreases with impact number increasing.
Violent online game contact and academic procrastination: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Luo Yun , Ye Chen , Zhao Yunxin , Zhang Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearchers have found that violent online game addiction has become a serious global problem that negatively affects younger people. This study used a cross‐sectional research design to examine the effects of violent online game contact on individuals' academic procrastination. We further explored the mediating role of emotional self‐regulation and the moderating role of peer communication in the link between violent online game contact and academic procrastination. A sample of 1132 students completed self‐reported questionnaires regarding violent online game contact, emotional self‐regulation, peer communication, and academic procrastination. Participants were randomly selected from Guangdong Province, China. Results indicated that violent online game contact was positively correlated with academic procrastination, while emotional self‐regulation indirectly affected the relationship. Peer communication played a moderating role in the indirect effect between emotional self‐regulation and academic procrastination. The general pattern of this mechanism illustrates that as peer communication increased, the effects of emotional self‐regulation on academic procrastination decreased. The findings elucidate how and for whom violent online game exposure is related to academic procrastination. This research demonstrates that violent game contact is an important factor affecting academic procrastination, clarifies the role of peer communication and emotional self‐regulation, and provides practical suggestions for preventing academic procrastination in the field of school psychology.
Analysis of predictive factors in children with high suspicion of pulmonary embolism
Authors: Başaran Abdurrahman Erdem , Başaran Ayşen , Durmuş Suzan Yılmaz , Kazlı Tuba , Keven Ayşe , Bingöl Ayşen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimSince there is a limited number of predictive models designed for pediatric patients with pulmonary embolism (PE), healthcare providers have resorted to utilizing the Wells criteria and PE Rule‐out Criteria (PERC) that have been validated for use in adults. The objective of the study is to identify the predictive factors for PE and assess the effectiveness of the PERC, Wells, and pediatric‐specific PE (PPE) criteria.MethodsThe study included individuals between the ages of 0–18 years who underwent pulmonary CT angiography and/or ventilation–perfusion scintigraphy with suspicion of PE. Demographic characteristics, symptoms, physical examination findings, risk factors, and laboratory and imaging results were retrospectively analyzed, and PERC, Wells, and PPE criteria were applied to the study population.ResultsOf the 110 patients included in the study, 27 (24.5%) had PE. Saturation, albumin, cough, calf swelling, central catheter, and malignancy were found to significantly contribute to the model. The total weighted risk score, which represents the sum of all predictive scores, ranged from 0 to 16 with a mean of 5.41 ± 4.02. When the cut‐off >6.5, the model had good discrimination power for positive PE (AUC 0.79, 77% sensitivity, and 70% specificity). In our study, the Wells criteria showed a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 24%. The PERC exhibited a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 21%, while the PPE demonstrated a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 30%.ConclusionWhile the sensitivity of Wells, PERC, and PPE models was higher than our developed model, their specificities were considerably lower than our model.
Rational design of antibody‐like peptides for targeting the human complement fragment protein C5a
Authors: Ghosh Manaswini , Shadangi Sucharita , Rana Soumendra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman complement fragment 5a (C5a) is one of the most potent glycoproteins generated downstream of C3a and C4a during late‐stage activation of the complement signaling cascade. C5a recruits receptors like C5aR1 and C5aR2 and is established to play a critical role in complement‐mediated inflammation. Thus, excessive C5a in the plasma due to aberrant activation of the complement contributes to the pathophysiology of several chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, restricting the excessive interaction of C5a with its receptors by neutralizing C5a has been one of the most effective therapeutic strategies for the management of inflammatory diseases. Indeed, antibodies targeting C5 (Eculizumab), the precursor of C5a, and C5a (Vilobelimab) have already been approved by the FDA. Still, small designer peptides that work like antibodies and can target and stop C5a from interacting with its receptors seem to be a possible therapeutic alternative to antibodies because they are smaller, cheaper to make, more specific to their target, and can get through membrane barriers. As a proof‐of‐principle, the current study describes the computational design and evaluation of a pair of peptides that are able to form stable high‐affinity complexes with the epitope regions of C5a that are important for the recruitment of C5aR1 and C5aR2. The computational data further supports the potential of designer peptides for mimicking the function of antibodies targeting C5a. However, further experimental studies will be required to establish the structure–function relationship of the designer peptides and also to establish the hypothesis of antibody‐like peptides targeting C5a.
Boiling combustion behaviors and heat feedback of pool fire of diesel fuel–water emulsification
Authors: Yang Shenlin , Pu Fang , Zhang Licong , Li Manhou 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the process of submarine oil exploitation and crude oil shipping, the offshore oil leakage accidents occur frequently. In the process of oil spill weathering on the sea, the oil is potentially mixed with water to form oil–water emulsification. The in situ burning is a low‐pollution and high‐efficiency method to eliminate the spilled oil. Meanwhile, as an alternative fuel, the emulsified diesel fuel has the advantage of energy saving and emission reduction. The combustion behaviors of pool fire of diesel fuel–water emulsifications are experimentally studied using three circular fuel reservoirs (10, 15, 20 cm) and five mass proportions of water (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). The unsteady combustion process of emulsified diesel fuel is appreciated based on combustion phenomenon, mass burning rate, and flame length. The effects of pool diameter, ratio of water content, and initial fuel thickness on burning rate and flame length are revealed. The primary heat transfer mode in controlling the combustion behavior is explored according to the coupling factors of physical boundary of fuel reservoir, flame, and wall temperatures. This work is of great significance for understanding the combustion behavior of oil spill on the sea and optimizing the removal scheme of oil spill pollutants.
4D‐Flow MRI intracardiac flow analysis considering different subtypes of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Cain Michael T. , Schäfer Michal , Ross Lexie K. , Ivy David D. , Mitchell Max B. , Fenster Brett E. , Bull Todd M. , Barker Alex J. , Vargas Daniel , Hoffman Jordan R. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntracardiac flow hemodynamic patterns have been considered to be an early sign of diastolic dysfunction. In this study we investigated right ventricular (RV) diastolic dysfunction between patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and pulmonary hypertension with chronic lung disease (PH‐CLD) via 4D‐Flow cardiac MRI (CMR). Patients underwent prospective, comprehensive CMR for function and size including 4D‐Flow CMR protocol for intracardiac flow visualization and analysis. RV early filling phase and peak atrial phase vorticity (E‐vorticity and A‐vorticity) values were calculated in all patients. Patients further underwent comprehensive Doppler and tissue Doppler evaluation for the RV diastolic dysfunction. In total 13 patients with PAH, 15 patients with PH‐CLD, and 10 control subjects underwent the 4D‐Flow CMR and echocardiography evaluation for RV diastolic dysfunction. Reduced E‐vorticity differentiated PAH and PH‐CLD from healthy controls (both p < 0.01) despite the same Doppler E values. E‐vorticity was further decreased in PAH patients when compared to PH‐CLD group (p < 0.05) with similar Doppler and tissue Doppler markers of diastolic dysfunction. A‐vorticity was decreased in both PAH and PH‐CLD groups compared to controls but with no difference between the disease groups. E‐vorticity correlated with ejection fraction (R = 0.60, p < 0.001), end‐systolic volume (R = 0.50, p = 0.001), stroke volume (R = 0.42, p = 0.007), and cardiac output (R = 0.30, p = 0.027). Intracardiac flow analysis using 4D‐Flow CMR derived vorticity is a sensitive method to differentiate diastolic dysfunction in patients with different PH etiology and similar Doppler echocardiography profile.
Sharp thresholds in adaptive random graph processes
Authors: MacRury Calum , Surya Erlang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ‐process is a single player game in which the player is initially presented the empty graph on vertices. In each step, a subset of edges is independently sampled according to a distribution . The player then selects one edge from , and adds to its current graph. For a fixed monotone increasing graph property , the objective of the player is to force the graph to satisfy in as few steps as possible. The ‐process generalizes both the Achlioptas process and the semi‐random graph process. We prove a sufficient condition for the existence of a sharp threshold for in the ‐process. Using this condition, in the semi‐random process we prove the existence of a sharp threshold when corresponds to being Hamiltonian or to containing a perfect matching. This resolves two of the open questions proposed by Ben‐Eliezer et al. (RSA, 2020).