bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastatic pulmonary calcifications after pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Chiu Megan Z. , Cuenca Alex G. , Koo Donna C. , Hartjes Kayla , Wehrman Andrew , Kim Heung Bae , Lee Eliza J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary calcification (PC) is a rare clinical entity observed following liver transplantation (LT). Most often identified in adults or in patients with concomitant renal failure, PC is rarely reported in children. While the clinical course of PC is largely benign, cases of progressive respiratory failure and death have been reported. Additionally, PC may mimic several other disease processes making diagnosis and management challenging. Currently, little is reported regarding the diagnosis, management, and long‐term outcomes of children with PC following LT.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of patients undergoing LT at our institution between 2006 and 2023. We identified two patients who developed PC following LT. Their diagnosis, clinical course, and long‐term outcomes are reported. A literature review of the presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of adult and pediatric patients with PC post‐LT was also performed.ConclusionsPulmonary calcifications are a rare but notable complication after pediatric liver transplantation. Our case series adds to the limited literature on this clinical entity in children but also highlights the fact that effective diagnosis and treatment may be safely accomplished without the use of lung biopsy.
Monitoring of adenoviremia in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Is it alone sufficient to predict adenoviral disease?
Authors: Kanık Yüksek Saliha , Arman Bilir Özlem , Erat Tuğba , Gülhan Belgin , Kanbur Şerife Mehtap , Bayhan Gülsüm İclal , Ok Bozkaya İkbal , Özkaya Parlakay Aslınur , Özbek Namık Yaşar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to evaluate our pediatric HSCT recipients routinely monitored for adenoviremia and to determine the adequacy of this monitoring in predicting adenoviral disease (AD).MethodsA retrospective cohort of patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT between January 2021 and August 2022, and routinely monitored for adenoviremia by real‐time PCR was included in our survey. Demographic and clinical data of the patients were recorded. Incidence rates, risk factors, and mortality rates related to adenoviremia, and AD were analyzed.ResultsAmong 104 HSCTs performed in 94 patients adenovirus (AdV) was revealed in 27 (26%) episodes and adenoviremia in 18 (17.3%) HSCT episodes. AD without adenoviremia developed in nine episodes (8.6%). Disseminated disease was significantly more frequently detected in episodes with adenoviremia (p = .008). GVHD was independent risk factor for AdV detection (OR: 8.6, 95% CI: 2.03–33.7, p = .001). Viremia developed within a shorter time interval after HSCT in isolated episodes of adenoviremia compared to those with concomitant AD (p = .006). Initial and peak viral loads were significantly higher in adenoviremia with AD (p < .001). Mortality was higher in the AdV‐detected episodes (p < .001) than in the AdV‐undetected episodes. AdV‐related mortality was found to be 22.2%. Adenoviremia increased the risk of mortality (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 0.22–1.33, p = .01).ConclusionsAdenoviremia monitoring is an important process in the detection of AD. Since some patients may develop AD without accompanying by adenoviremia, monitoring for AdV in blood samples should be supported with other monitoring methods in order to evaluate the probable involvement of different organs or systems.
The effect of place on voting behavior: The case of the Arizona proposition to legalize recreational marijuana
Authors: Mathews Mason Clay , Fotheringham A. Stewart 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn 2020, Arizonans approved Proposition 207, the Smart and Safe Arizona Act, which legalized recreational marijuana sales. Previous research has typically used non‐spatial survey data to understand marijuana legalization voting patterns. However, voting behavior can, in part, be shaped by geographic context, or place, which is unaccounted for in aspatial survey data. We use multiscale geographically weighted regression to analyze how place shaped Proposition 207 voting behavior, independently of demographic variations across space. We find significant spatial variability in the sensitivity of voting for Proposition 207 to changes in several of the predictor variables of opposition and support for recreational marijuana legalization. We argue that local statistical modeling approaches provide a more in‐depth understanding of ballot measure voting behavior than the current use of global models.Related ArticlesBranton, Regina, and Ronald J. McGauvran. 2018. “Mary Jane Rocks the Vote: The Impact of Climate Context on Support for Cannabis Initiatives.” Politics & Policy 46(2): 209–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12248.Brekken, Katheryn C., and Vanessa M. Fenley. 2020. “Part of the Narrative: Generic News Frames in the U.S. Recreational Marijuana Policy Subsystem.” Politics & Policy 49(1): 6–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12388.Fisk, Jonathan M., Joseph A. Vonasek, and Elvis Davis. 2018. “‘Pot'reneurial Politics: The Budgetary Highs and Lows of Recreational Marijuana Policy Innovation.” Politics & Policy 46(2): 189–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12246.
Participation in multiple policy venues in governance of Chile's Santiago Metropolitan Region: When institutional attributes can make the difference
Authors: Arias‐Yurisch Karina , Retamal‐Soto Karina , Ramos‐Fuenzalida Camila , Espinosa‐Rada Alejandro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe complexity of metropolitan polycentric governance is still challenging scholars and practitioners, who have mostly been engaged in a normative debate in which scant attention has been paid to the coexistence and interdependence of institutional solutions. The ecology of games framework (EGF) can be used to remedy this gap. By incorporating the analysis of institutional variation into EGF propositions about venues' interdependence, this article examines the mechanisms of metropolitan governance configuration resulting from institutional complexity at the inter‐municipal level. Provincial forums, municipal associations, and inter‐municipal agreements are the policy venues studied in the Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile. Official documents reporting formal agreements in 2017–2021 help to capture the inter‐municipal governance network to which we apply exponential random graph models (ERGMs). The results show the positive effects of mandated provincial venues on inter‐municipal ties and the absence of the effect of self‐organized municipal associations, tendencies that prevail even when incorporating other relevant covariates into the models. These results nourish the EGF debate about interdependencies between coexisting policy venues, emphasizing the role of the different institutional attributes framing the policy venues and the effects of these differences on governance formation.
Centering Indigenous Brilliance in “The Stories We Tell”☆
Authors: Jacob Michelle M. , Sabzalian Leilani , Springer Shareen , Simmons Kevin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIndigenous stories are the backbone of Indigenous education systems. While Indigenous communities are still grappling with settler colonial‐imposed violence, many Indigenous Nations are engaging in what Leanne Betasamosake Simpson describes as Indigenous resurgence. In our paper, we draw from our own Indigenous communities' teachings and discuss our peoples' ongoing storytelling traditions as important forms of resurgence, which contribute to a process Dene scholar Glen Sean Coulthard describes as grounded normativity. After setting the context for understanding Indigenous stories as a form of resurgent education, we then pay special attention to a well‐known collection of stories, first published in the book Anakú Iwachá in 1974, with a second edition published in 2021. We analyze the history of the project, examine key principles that make it a strong example of resurgence, and explain how it is a particularly instructive data source for social scientists to (1) better understand Indigenous knowledges within our storytelling traditions, (2) engage place‐based learning, and (3) imagine futures beyond settler colonialism. These aims, already central in Indigenous sociology, are currently at the margins of mainstream social sciences. We argue these aims provide a particularly hopeful remedy for U.S. sociology, which has generally ignored Indigenous Peoples' knowledges.
Rural Residence, Motorcycle Access, and Contraception Use in South and Southeast Asia☆
Authors: Muir Jonathan A. , Sanders Scott R. , Hendricks Hannah Z. , Cope Michael R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccess to contraception is critical for limiting fertility. Yet, in South and Southeast Asia, access to these resources is often limited by spatial inequalities between rural and urban areas. Access to a motorcycle may empower women living in rural areas to attenuate these spatial inequalities, increase their educational attainment and participation in labor markets, and thereby facilitate a shift in fertility preferences. Concomitantly, motorcycle access may increase access to contraception for geographically isolated women who desire to limit fertility. We employ logistic regression models to examine associations with contraception use and unmet need for contraception for women living in rural versus urban areas and for women with versus without access to a motorcycle. Roughly 40 percent of women reported current use of contraception while another 21 percent indicated an unmet need for contraception. After adjusting for other variables, women with a motorcycle were more likely to report current contraception use (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI [1.50, 1.61]), modern contraception use (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI [1.54, 1.66]), and traditional contraception use (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.41, 1.58]) compared with women who did not own a motorcycle. Women with a motorcycle were less likely to report an unmet need for contraception (AOR = 0.65, 95% CI [0.62, 0.68]) after adjusting for other variables. Our results are consistent with the premise that motorcycles facilitate contraception use among women living in resource‐limited countries in South and Southeast Asia and thereby contribute to decreases in fertility. These relationships are contextualized by whether a woman lives in an urban or rural setting, and the number of children already present in their household; they are robust to controlling for household‐level wealth and other factors that may mediate associations with contraception use.
Reversing the Gaze: Developing Indigenous and Western Media Frames to Compare Coverage of Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the News Media*
Authors: McCrackin Gina , Givens Jennifer E. , Wilkes Eric C. , Litts Breanne K. , Martinez‐Cola Marisela 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe news media is an important force shaping societal views of the socio‐politics of climate change. International scholarship finds it not uncommon for Indigenous cultures, communities, and perspectives to be underrepresented and misrepresented in Western media, especially on climate change issues. Research also indicates that accurate Indigenous representation occurs when Indigenous peoples are the authors of news articles themselves. We developed a Holistic Media Coding Protocol informed by Indigenous and Western perspectives to guide our content analysis of media coverage of climate change, environmental issues, and Indigenous peoples. We examined news articles from two Indigenous news publications, Indian Country Today and Navajo Times, and two Western news publications, The New York Times and The Salt Lake Tribune. Our findings indicate that creating and utilizing a theory‐informed Holistic Media Coding Protocol challenges the recurrent Western gaze on Indigenous peoples. This Holistic Media Coding Protocol contributes to our understandings of the media, settler colonialism, and climate change from Indigenous and Western perspectives. Overall, this research responds to a critical call for sociologists to engage more deeply with settler colonialism, Indigenous issues, and intersectional environmental justice.
Cosentyx alleviates psoriasis‐induced podocyte injury by inhibiting the tlr/nf‐κb signaling pathway
Authors: Aixue Wang , Feng Wei , Huanhuan Zhang , Xixing M , Yanling L 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPathological studies have shown an association between psoriasis and renal podocyte injury, and the specific mechanism of podocyte injury in psoriasis remains unclear, with no effective treatments currently available. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of podocyte and epidermal cell injury in psoriasis and evaluate the therapeutic effect of Cosentyx.Materials and methodsA psoriasis‐like mouse model was established using BALB/C mice, and Cosentyx treatment was administered via intraperitoneal injection. Various parameters, including skin lesions, urinary protein, kidney/serum inflammatory cytokines, kidney function, podocyte membrane proteins, and Toll‐like receptors/nuclear factor kappa‐b (TLR/NF‐κB) pathway‐associated proteins, were analyzed to explore the mechanisms of podocyte and epidermal cell injury in psoriasis and the potential ameliorative effects of Cosentyx.ResultTreatment with Cosentyx significantly reduced the increased levels of urinary protein, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen caused by psoriasis. Cosentyx inhibited the upregulation of kidney/serum inflammatory factors (IL‐17, IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐22) and TLR/NF‐κB‐related proteins (TLR2, TLR4, MyD88, and NF‐κBp65) in both psoriatic skin and kidney tissues, while also reducing the accumulation of oxidative products. Moreover, Cosentyx treatment suppressed podocyte apoptosis and promoted epidermal cell apoptosis. The experimental data demonstrated that psoriasis‐like inflammation impaired renal podocytes through the TLR/NF‐κB signaling pathway.ConclusionCosentyx treatment effectively inhibited the expression of TLR/NF‐κB‐related proteins, providing a therapeutic effect for psoriasis‐induced kidney and skin injuries.
Investigation of stratum corneum cell morphology and content using novel machine‐learning image analysis
Authors: Tohgasaki Takeshi , Aihara Saki , Ikeda Mariko , Takahashi Minako , Eto Masaya , Kudo Riki , Taira Hiroshi , Kido Ai , Kondo Shinya , Ishiwatari Shioji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe morphology and content of stratum corneum (SC) cells provide information on the physiological condition of the skin. Although the morphological and biochemical properties of the SC are known, no method is available to fully access and interpret this information. This study aimed to develop a method to comprehensively decode the physiological information of the skin, based on the SC. Therefore, we established a novel image analysis technique based on artificial intelligence (AI) and multivariate analysis to predict skin conditions.Materials and MethodsSC samples were collected from participants, imaged, and annotated. Nine biomarkers were measured in the samples using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The data were then used to teach machine‐learning models to recognize individual SC cell regions and estimate the levels of the nine biomarkers from the images. Skin physiological indicators (e.g., skin barrier function, facial analysis, and questionnaires) were measured or obtained from the participants. Multivariate analysis, including biomarker levels ​​and structural parameters of the SC as variables, was used to estimate these physiological indicators.ResultsWe established two machine‐learning models. The accuracy of recognition was assessed according to the average intersection over union (0.613), precision (0.953), recall (0.640), and F‐value (0.766). The predicted biomarker levels significantly correlated with the measured levels. Skin physiological indicators and questionnaire answers were predicted with strong correlations and correct answer rates.ConclusionVarious physiological skin conditions can be predicted from images of the SC using AI models and multivariate analysis. Our method is expected to be useful for dermatological treatment optimization.
Single‐cell transcriptome analysis reveals keratinocyte subpopulations contributing to psoriasis in corneum and granular layer
Authors: Zhao Qianya , Wu Yan , Wu Xianwei , Liu Meng , Nan Lisheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease that is common and relapses easily. While the importance of keratinocyte proliferation in psoriasis development is well‐documented, the specific functional subpopulations of epidermal keratinocytes associated with this disease remain enigmatic.Materials and MethodsTherefore, in our analysis of single‐cell transcriptome data from both normal and psoriatic skin tissues, we observed significant increases in certain keratinocytes in the stratum corneum (KC) and stratum granulosum (KG) within psoriatic skin. Furthermore, we identified upregulated expression of specific secreted factors known to promote inflammatory responses. Additionally, we conducted a KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on these identified subsets.ResultsIn the stratum corneum, the expression of FTL was upregulated in HIST1H1C+KC. S100P+KC displayed a significant increase in the expression of both S100P and S100A10, whereas PRR9+KC showed upregulated expression of DEFB4B, S100A8, and S100A12. SLURP1+KC was characterized by elevated expression levels of IL‐36G, SLURP1, and S100A12. Meanwhile, in the stratum granulosum, KRT1+KG highly expressed SLURP1, S100A7, S100A8, and S100A9, while DEFB4B expression was upregulated in PI3+KG. Our findings indicated that subsets within the stratum corneum primarily participate in pathways related to MAPK, NOD‐like receptors, HIF‐1, cell senescence, and other crucial processes. In contrast, subsets in the stratum granulosum were predominantly associated with pathways involving MAPK, NOD‐like receptors, HIF‐1, Hippo, mTOR, and IL‐17.ConclusionThese findings not only uncover the keratinocyte subsets linked to psoriasis but also unveil the molecular mechanisms and related signaling pathways that drive psoriasis development. This knowledge opens new horizons for the development of innovative clinical treatment strategies for psoriasis.
Integrating vascularity into the pattern classification of pilomatricomas on ultrasound provides a more competent approach for discriminative evaluation
Authors: Zhu Huiling , Wu Size 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPilomatricoma has various manifestations on color Doppler ultrasound, and a differential diagnosis is challenging. The objective of this study was to investigate which characteristics of skin lesions on color Doppler ultrasound are effective in distinguishing pilomatricoma from epidermoid cyst and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.Materials and methodsRecords of patients with pilomatricomas (n = 63), epidermoid cysts (n = 76), and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (n = 19) who underwent color Doppler ultrasound evaluation and surgical excision were reviewed. The anatomical distribution and color Doppler ultrasound characteristics of these lesions were analyzed. The 63 pilomatricomas were categorized into five types based on their color Doppler ultrasound characteristics, and the roles of these five types in the differential diagnosis of the aforementioned diseases were studied.ResultsPilomatricomas, epidermoid cysts, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans exhibited some similar characteristics. Dominantly markedly hyperechoic or hyperechoic appearance, posterior acoustic shadowing, and the presence of vascularity were the major characteristics of pilomatricomas. The pilomatricomas could be categorized into five types, with type II having a diagnostic performance of sensitivity of 65.08%, specificity of 98.95%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.743, positive predictive value of 97.62%, and negative predictive value of 81.03% for the diagnosis of the aforementioned skin diseases.ConclusionA combination of dominantly markedly hyperechoic or hyperechoic appearance, posterior acoustic shadowing, and the presence of vascularity exhibits higher diagnostic performance for the differential diagnosis of pilomatricomas, epidermoid cysts, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.
The effect of electrical stimulation on skin vulnerability to irritants
Authors: Almalty Abdulmajeed Raja , Hamed Saja Hamdallah , Jebril Mohammad Yasser , Abdelnour Hassan Mubarak 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeElectrical stimulation (ES) is a widely used technique in the medical field for various purposes. The effect of ES on several skin properties has been investigated; however, its effect on skin vulnerability to irritants remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ES application on skin vulnerability to external irritants.Materials and methodsAn experimental study on 12 healthy male subjects (Mean ± SD, 22.9 ± 3.6 years) who completed the study. The subjects were free of skin abnormalities in the volar aspect of both forearms. Three areas were allocated to each forearm and marked as areas 1, 2, and A in the treated forearm, and areas 3, 4, and B in the control forearm. ES was applied to the volar aspect of the treated forearm for 30 min three times a week, for 2 weeks. The effect of ES on skin vulnerability was investigated using 5% and 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) patches applied to both treated and control forearms. The skin response to irritants was evaluated using transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and a visual erythema score 24 h after patch removal.ResultsCompared to the control forearm, ES increased skin permeability and erythema in response to external irritants (SLS), as measured by the visual analog score (Z = 2.75, p = 0.006) and TEWL (p < 0.05), respectively.ConclusionsES escalates skin reactions to low concentrations of irritant substances, such as SLS, in the area between the two electrodes. This emphasizes the use of this substance, and similar irritants should be avoided in areas treated with ES.