bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic insights of methylcinnamate in improving oxidative stress and inflammation in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxic mice by upregulating Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Naseem Afshan , Majeed Khan Humaira , Umar Aisha , Elshikh Mohamed S , Aljowaie Reem M , Gancarz Marek 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Methylcinnamate (MC), a safe flavoring agent naturally found in Occimum basilicum L. is reported to have an anti-inflammatory responses in various disease models. Acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity is a significant contributor to acute liver injury, which leads to oxidative stress and inflammation. The transcriptional factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulated the cellular defense mechanisms aid to antioxidant response facilitation and reduction in inflammation against various disorders.

Methodology
This study evaluated the protective effects of MC in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and Nrf2 mechanisms were studied. In-vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay showed the antioxidant capacity of MC. Mice were pretreated with MC (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg) orally for 7 days. After a fasting period of 16 h, hepatotoxicity was induced by injecting APAP 300 mg/kg intraperitoneal on day 7. Liver profile, oxidative test, and histopathological changes were studied. Gene expression of interlukin-1β (IL-1β), interlukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), Nrf2, and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) 1 (NQO-1) were estimated by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations were also analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
The MC treatment showed a notable reduction in alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, and total bilirubin level of serum. Moreover, MC significantly attenuated oxidative stress by rising the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase and reducing the malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in the liver. Furthermore, MC successfully mitigated the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, which were estimated through RT-qPCR and ELISA. The RT-qPCR revealed a CYP2E1 enzyme inhibition and significant upregulation of hepatic Nrf2 and NQO-1 levels after MC therapy. Histopathological analysis showed improvement in liver injury within the MC treatment groups.

Conclusion
It was concluded from this study that pretreatment of MC had successfully protected the liver through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant activity upon subsequent activation of Nrf2.
A tool to measure maize root system stiffness that enables a comprehensive understanding of plant mechanics and lodging
Authors: Hostetler Ashley N , Reneau Jonathan W , Cristiano Joseph , Weldekidan Teclemariam , Kermani Taran A , Kim Therese T , Sparks Erin E 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Plant mechanical failure, known as lodging, has detrimental impacts on the quality and quantity of maize yields. Failure can occur at stalks (stalk lodging) or at roots (root lodging). While previous research has focused on proxy measures for stalk stiffness, stalk strength, and root strength, there is a need to quantify the root system stiffness, which quantifies the force–displacement relationship. Here, we report a tool to quantify the root system stiffness of maize hybrids grown in different conditions. The results show that maize hybrids with a higher root system stiffness have a greater susceptibility to root lodging. This result is consistent with expected mechanical behavior, since higher root system stiffness values mean that the plant reaches the failure strength at lower displacements compared with a plant with lower root system stiffness. Collectively, this study describes the first tool to measure root system stiffness and enables a comprehensive understanding of the integrated plant mechanics and lodging.
Cultural gene decoding: digital protection of intangible paper-cut and construction of gene bank
Authors: Cheng Pengpeng , Chen Daoling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With globalization and modernization accelerating, the protection of intangible cultural heritage faces significant challenges. Chinese paper-cutting, a cultural treasure, has become a key focus due to its unique value and exquisite craftsmanship. However, inheritance is threatened by aging practitioners, skill loss, and market decline. This highlights the urgent need for digital preservation and the creation of a cultural gene bank. This paper proposes a dual strategy: digital preservation and cultural gene decoding. High-precision data acquisition and image processing technologies enable detailed documentation and conservation of paper-cutting techniques and imagery. Additionally, artificial intelligence and machine learning are used to decode and classify cultural genes, systematically building a cultural gene bank to support continuity and innovation. A case study examines technical, resource, and ethical challenges in digital preservation, addressing data standardization, intellectual property protection, and cultural integrity. Looking ahead, this paper explores technological innovation and cross-cultural collaboration to enhance market applications and encourage social engagement with paper-cutting. These efforts provide a theoretical foundation and practical strategies for safeguarding live transmission and global cultural heritage.
Definition of a European pre-vasectomy scoring system to identify patients at risk of vasectomy regret
Authors: Degraeve Amandine , Tosco Lorenzo , Tombal Bertrand , Roumeguere Thierry , Beirnaert Jeanne , Hamal Robin , Bugli Céline , Cosentino Marco , Gin (Don) Lee Wai , Skrodzka Marta , Albersen Maarten , van Renterghem Koenraad , Sempels Maxime , Penning David , Fode Mikkel , Faix Antoine , Waterloos Marjan , Gomez Borja Garcia , Carnicelli Damien , Graziana Jean-Pierre , Morgado Afonso , D’Hauwers Kathleen , Serefoglu Ege , Manfredi Celeste , Weyne Emmanuel , Beck Jack , Osmonov Daniar , Roller Chris , Ferreti Ludovic , Russo Giogio , Yafi Faysal A , Cuzin Beatrice , Madec François-Xavier , Vanoverschelde Geoffroy , Hervé François , Chung Eric , Nordström Ulla , Cocci Andrea , Zahr Rawad Abou , Triffaux François , Suks Minhas , Alnajjar Hussain , Van Damme Julien , Ward Sam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Vasectomy is a widely used, safe, effective method of permanent contraception and contributes to healthy sexuality.

Aims
We have conducted a 3-step observational clinical study to develop a vasectomy regret risk score and guide patients and clinicians when discussing a vasectomy.

Methods
A 3-step approach has been followed. First, experts involved in male health have proposed risk factors for regret (remorse) after vasectomy, defined by a vasectomy reversal surgery or medically assisted reproduction. The selected factors were evaluated in 1200 patients vasectomized in the last 15 years. Finally, the expert panel has constructed a score for predicting regret after vasectomy.

Results
Fifty-two international experts identified 17 risk factors for vasectomy regret. Five of the risk factors were significant: an age &lt;35 years old, a high Barrat Impulsivity Score, a low level of education, and a patient who didn’t understand that the vasectomy might not be reversible or for whom the contraception responsibility is ideally feminine, or no responsible partner. On multivariate analysis, 3 risk factors and 2 “sine qua non” conditions were used to build the decision algorithm. A risk score ≥ 4 required information on sperm cryopreservation before vasectomy, and those with a risk score ≥ 7 required extra time for reflection. The scoring system was proposed to 52 international experts and accepted with 86.7% strongly agreeing. The model’s sensitivity and specificity were 0.98 and 0.53, respectively.

Conclusion
A decisional algorithm was established to identify patients requiring information on sperm cryopreservation before vasectomy or additional time for reflection to reduce the risk of vasectomy regret. The algorithm contains 3 risk factors and 2 “sine qua non” conditions.
Decoding the Epigenetic and Transcriptional Basis of Direct Cardiac Reprogramming
Authors: Peng William G , Getachew Anteneh , Zhou Yang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Heart disease, particularly resulting from myocardial infarction (MI), continues to be a leading cause of mortality, largely due to the limited regenerative capacity of the human heart. Current therapeutic approaches seek to generate new cardiomyocytes from alternative sources. Direct cardiac reprogramming, which converts fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs), offers a promising alternative by enabling in situ cardiac regeneration and minimizing tumorigenesis concerns. Here we review recent advancements in the understanding of transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms underlying cardiac reprogramming, with a focus on key early-stage molecular events, including epigenetic barriers and regulatory mechanisms that facilitate reprogramming. Despite substantial progress, the maturation of reprogrammed iCMs and human cardiac fibroblast reprogramming remain areas for further exploration. We also discuss the combinatorial roles of reprogramming factors in governing transcriptional and epigenetic changes. This review consolidates current knowledge and proposes future directions for promoting the translational potential of cardiac reprogramming techniques.
Exploring midlife identity negotiations in the context of the gender career gap: an interdisciplinary conceptual framework
Authors: Burke Vanessa , Cheung Ho Kwan , Finkelstein Lisa M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract.
The gender gaps in career outcomes (e.g., pay, promotion, leadership opportunities) observably widen during mid-career, yet research often neglects considerations of gendered age identities in explaining this disparity. The present paper addresses this through an integrative review of interdisciplinary literature and proposes a novel theoretical framework that combines midlife development and gender identity negotiations to better understand mid-career disparities. In this review, we (1) adopt an inter-categorical approach to explore how workers navigate the overlapping systems of gender and age in the workplace, (2) critically review midlife development literature, highlighting significant oversights in organizational research, and (3) we introduce a process model of midlife gendered identity negotiations. We detail the model, describing the antecedents, mechanisms, and outcomes of gendered aging identity negotiations on mid-career inequities. We provide a foundation for advancing research and designing interventions to address gender disparities in mid-career outcomes.
Long-Term Family Needs After a Traumatic Brain Injury: A VA TBI Model Systems Study
Authors: Tsen Jonathan , Finn Jacob A. , Klocksieben Farina A. , O’Neil-Pirozzi Therese M. , Sander Angelle M. , Agtarap Stephanie D. , Dreer Laura E. , Cotner Bridget A. , Vargas Tiffanie A. , Dini Mia E. , Perrin Paul B. , Nakase-Richardson Risa 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To describe the self-reported needs of family caregivers of service members and veterans (SMVs) with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at 10 to 15 years post-injury and to identify unique predictors of unmet family needs. Setting: Five Department of Veterans Affairs Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers. Participants: A total of 209 family caregivers of SMVs with TBI from the VA TBI Model Systems national database who completed a 10- or 15-year follow-up assessment. Design: Observational study. Main Outcome Measure: Family Needs Questionnaire-Revised (FNQ-R). Results: Item-, domain-, and total score-level descriptive analyses of FNQ-R responses were conducted. On average, 56.3% of the FNQ-R family caregiver needs were reported as met. Health information and involvement in care needs were the most often met, and emotional support and instrumental support needs were the least often met. Adjusted multivariable regression models demonstrated that urban-dwelling SMVs (compared to suburban) and spouses/significant others (compared to parents) were associated with more unmet family needs. Distinct associations were identified between the 6 FNQ-R domains and SMV environmental factors (ie, urbanicity, rurality, and being active duty at follow-up), SMV comorbidities (ie, receiving mental health treatment in the year prior to the follow-up), and caregiver factors (ie, spouses/significant others). Conclusion: Family caregivers of SMVs with TBI reported multiple unmet needs at 10 to 15 years post-injury, emphasizing the importance of ongoing caregiver support after TBI. Policy and programming to support military caregivers should consider the current findings to direct resources to address the identified unmet needs.
Depth of focus as a function of spherical aberration using adaptive optics in pseudophakic subjects.
Authors: Tabernero Juan , Otero Carles , Kidd John , Zahiño Laura , Noia Ana , Güell Jose Luis , Artal Pablo , Pardhan Shahina 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To measure visual acuity at three different defocus planes in pseudophakic subjects with varying levels of spherical aberration induced by an adaptive optics visual simulator. The study aimed to simulate Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Setting:
Private hospital (IMO, Barcelona, Spain)

Design:
Observational case series; modelling theory.

Methods:
Through-focus visual acuity was measured in 26 pseudophakic subjects (age 63 ± 10 years old) with an adaptive optics visual simulator optimized for clinical use (VAO, Voptica SL, Murcia, Spain). Measurements were made under five different conditions of induced negative spherical aberration: 0, -0.07, -0.15, -0.23 and -0.30 μm (pupil diameter: 4.5 mm). Results were also modelled using ray tracing simulations.

Results:
On average, depth of focus was extended when spherical aberration increased from -0.07 to -0.15 μm (4.5 mm pupil diameter). Some indivisuals (27%) experienced improved depth of focus with higher magnitudes of spherical aberration, while others (23%) exhibited no benefit from increased (negative) SA, as visual acuity dropped below acceptable levels. Depth of focus calculations based on ray tracing showed general agreement with the measurements.

Conclusions:
The visual conditions of EDOF IOLs were artificially recreated in a population of pseudophakic patients implanted with a monofocal IOL. The variability seen across subjects in visual acuity at different defocus planes suggests that visual simulators might be capable of screening subjects for suitability and tolerability of these advanced technology lenses.
Quantification of physiological tilt of the phakic eye using biometry parameters and anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Khalil Haidar , Höftberger Theresa , Laubichler Peter , Waser Klemens , Pomberger Leon , Jirak Paul , Hirnschall Nino , Bolz Matthias 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To comprehensively evaluate the tilt of the crystalline lens in phakic eyes and its relationship with optical biometry parameters.

Setting:
The retrospective analysis was conducted at the Department for Ophthalmology and Optometry, Kepler University Clinic in Linz, Austria.

Design:
Lens tilt assessment was performed through a combined analysis of optical biometry (IOL Master 700) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) data to understand its relationship.

Methods:
The study analyzed preoperative biometry data and AS-OCT images from 4689 eyes of 2489 patients prior to cataract surgery. The optical biometry parameters were correlated with the degree of lens tilt using logistic regression and machine learning techniques.

Results:
The average lens tilt was 4.9°, with 6.7% of eyes showing a tilt greater than 7°. Significant associations were found with specific biometry parameters, such as anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AL), equator thickness and lens decentration. The developed predictive model for assessing tilt risk demonstrated a high accuracy with an area under the curve of 0.862.

Conclusions:
The findings highlight the average lens tilt of 4.9° in a cataract patient cohort. This analysis contributes to a broader understanding of lens orientation and its interactions with biometric parameters.
Needs Assessment to Guide the Development of a Pediatric Survivorship Program to Promote the Physical and Psychological Well-being of Children After Cancer Treatment
Authors: Chung Oi Kwan Joyce , Li William Ho Cheung , Ching Shirley Siu Yin , Chiu Sau Ying , Mak Shuk Yan , Chan Godfrey Chi Fung 
Published: January 2025

Background
Studies have provided insights into the major challenges and needs of young children who survive cancer. Many such challenges are related to a lack of support during the patient’s transition back to normal life. Survivorship programs are designed to help survivors cope with potential late effects of treatment and to provide psychosocial support. However, there is not yet a survivorship program in Hong Kong that provides young survivors with continuous care.

Objectives
To explore the challenges and needs faced by pediatric cancer survivors during their transition from patient to survivor and to guide the development of the survivorship program.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive design utilizing purposive sampling was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 30 pediatric cancer survivors aged between 9 and 18 years, along with their parents/caregivers, as well as 5 pediatric cancer oncology nurses and 3 pediatric oncologists.

Results
The interviews yielded 4 overarching themes: (1) challenges in school reintegration, (2) concerns relating to physical and psychological well-being, (3) lack of social support and adaptation difficulties, and (4) needs for supportive care services.

Conclusion
The findings provide insights into the needs of pediatric cancer survivors, their parents, and other key stakeholders. These insights suggest that a pediatric cancer survivorship program should be established in Hong Kong as an essential component of the continuum of cancer care.

Implications for Practice
Survivor clinic care should be enhanced to provide continuous support for children who have completed medical treatment and their caregivers, incorporating the perspectives of all stakeholders.
Utility of Novel Radiohybrid PSMA Ligands in PET Imaging of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer—A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chandekar Kunal Ramesh , Satapathy Swayamjeet , Bal Chandrasekhar 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
Radiohybrid prostate-specific membrane antigen (rhPSMA) ligands are a novel class of radiopharmaceuticals developed for potential theranostic application in prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to consolidate existing evidence on utility of 18F-rhPSMA-7/7.3 for PET imaging in PCa in the setting of biochemical recurrence (BCR).

Patients and Methods
A comprehensive literature search was performed using relevant keywords in PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE. Articles evaluating utility of 18F-rhPSMA-7/7.3 PET in PCa BCR, published through September 30, 2024, were included. rhPSMA PET detection rate (DR) in BCR was calculated on a per-patient basis, with pooled proportion and 95% confidence interval. Furthermore, pooled DRs using different cutoff values of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were obtained.

Results
Five studies with 1513 patients (overall) were included. The pooled DR of 18F-rhPSMA-7/7.3 PET in BCR was 81.7% (95% confidence interval: 76.3%–86.5%). The pooled DRs stratified by serum PSA levels were 60.7% for PSA <0.5 ng/mL, 80.1% for PSA between 0.5 and <1.0 ng/mL, 85.9% for PSA between 1.0 and <2.0 ng/mL, and 95.1% for PSA ≥2.0 ng/mL, respectively.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that novel radiotracers 18F-rhPSMA-7/7.3 have excellent diagnostic utility as PET imaging agents in BCR of PCa. Further prospective multicenter studies are required to validate these novel tracers in diverse clinical settings with larger patient cohorts and assess their diagnostic accuracy in comparison to the PSMA ligands in current clinical practice.
18F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Primary Rectal Angiosarcomas and Multiple Bone Metastases
Authors: Ma Xiaohua , Xia Shanshan , Long Zichan , Zhao Xulong , Fu Zhanli 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A 54-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of pain and numbness in the right lower limb. Lumbar spine MRI revealed bone metastases. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed a soft tissue mass with increased 18F-FDG uptake in the rectum, accompanied by multiple hypermetabolic lesions in the bilateral ribs, spine, pelvis, and upper right femur. A colonoscopy biopsy of the submucosal rectal mass confirmed the diagnosis of epithelioid angiosarcoma.
18F-FDG PET/CT Versus 18F-FAPI PET/CT in Eosinophilic Liver Infiltration
Authors: Li Shuyi , Liang Jiucen , Zeng Hui , Chen Haipeng , Zhang Rusen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A 48-year-old man presented with upper abdominal discomfort for 10 days. Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT showed multiple abnormal enhanced masses in liver, suggesting a probability of malignancies. The patient was then enrolled in a clinical trial of comparison of 18F-FDG and 18F-FAPI PET/CT in hepatic lesions. Compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT, 18F-FAPI PET/CT showed higher tracer uptake, more lesions in liver. Meanwhile, peripheral blood eosinophils increased remarkably. The hepatic lesions were highly suspected as eosinophilic liver infiltration. Finally, pathologic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of eosinophilic liver infiltration.
68Ga-FAPI PET/CT Depicted Non–FDG-Avid Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma
Authors: Li Puhao , Liang Juan , Chen Yue , Ding Haoyuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy of mesothelial cells in the peritoneum. Herein, we describe the 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of MPM in a 41-year-old man. In the present case, the primary and metastatic tumors showed intense 68Ga-FAPI accumulation but no significantly increased 18F-FDG uptake. This case demonstrates that 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT might be used as a helpful tool for evaluating MPM staging.
Primary Pulmonary MALT Lymphoma on 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT
Authors: Wang Rongxi , Chen Jingci , Wang Jiarou , Zhu Zhaohui , Zhang Jingjing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Primary pulmonary mucosa–associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is extremely rare. We present the 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT findings in a 56-year-old woman with pathologically confirmed primary pulmonary mucosa–associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT showed a higher uptake value than 18F-FDG PET/CT in the pulmonary lesion. This case suggests that 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT may be a sensitive alternative method to characterize low-grade lymphomas.