bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suitability of the shrub-steppe habitat of Eastern Washington for Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Hepler James R , Mills Nicholas J , Smytheman Peter , Beers Elizabeth H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), has spread throughout most of Washington (WA) State since its detection in 2012. While it has emerged as a major agricultural and nuisance pest in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) west of the Cascade Mountains, pest pressure in the major tree fruit-growing areas in semi-arid northern and central WA State remains low. The reasons for this are unclear, although both biotic and abiotic conditions may be contributing factors. We evaluated the suitability of a common shrub-steppe/riparian corridor plant assemblage for supporting H. halys development from egg to adult in summer and fall through controlled feeding studies. Nymphs successfully completed development on this diet of PNW native plants, though it generally resulted in lower survivorship and adult weight and longer developmental times than a modified colony diet or a diet of known hosts from the eastern United States. These developmental data were used to parameterize stage-structured matrix models to predict the impact of diet and extreme heat events on H. halys population growth. The predicted net reproductive rate (R0) of H. halys was consistently and substantially reduced by a diet of PNW native plants, and heat shock imposed further severe reductions in R0. Our results suggest that the combined population effects of suboptimal plant host quality and regional heat waves may explain the lack of landscape-level H. halys pest pressure in semi-arid regions of the PNW.
Training needs assessment tools for the public health workforce at an institutional and individual level: a review
Authors: Czabanowska Katarzyna , Rodriguez Feria Pablo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The public health workforce (PHW) needs to have the necessary capacities to provide healthcare services and public health services. Training needs assessments (TNA) is necessary to assess and understand PHW and their capacities to provide services. This review attempts to identify and describe published studies on tools and methodologies for TNA of the workforce used in public health and health-related fields.

Methods
A systematized review of literature was carried out in February 2022. Cochrane Handbook for systematic review version 5.2.0 and PRISMA 2020 statement were used to guide reporting. This review includes original research, reports and grey literature from the websites of public health organizations in English.

Results
This review included 38 documents for evidence synthesis. Twenty-seven documents were indexed literature (71%) and 11 were grey documents (29%). TNA documents were published between 1999 and 2022. TNA was performed in many countries around the world. The organizations used either a validated questionnaire or created their own tools to perform organizational and individual self-assessments. The TNA tools were developed using different methods such as expert panels, literature reviews, stakeholder interviews and quantitative surveys.

Conclusion
TNA is useful for defining and characterizing the public health workforce in every organization. Workforces consist of individuals who have their own training needs to fulfill their tasks. Therefore, individual and organizational TNA should be combined to study the public health workforce and their capacities.
Unveiling mitophagy-mediated molecular heterogeneity and development of a risk signature model for colorectal cancer by integrated scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analysis
Authors: Gao Han , Zou Qi , Ma Linyun , Cai Keyu , Sun Yi , Lu Li , Ren Donglin , Hu Bang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Accumulating researchers have recognized mitophagy as a key player in tumors, but few studies have investigated its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Advances in the technology of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have allowed unveiling the concealed features of the TME at cellular resolution. This study aimed to elucidate the role of mitophagy within the TME of colorectal cancer (CRC) and to establish a mitophagy-mediated risk model.

Methods
We assessed mitophagy-related pathway activities at both single-cell and tissue levels. Subsequently, an unsupervised clustering algorithm was employed to identify mitophagy-mediated subtypes. Furthermore, we developed a mitophagy-mediated risk signature (MMRS) using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox analysis and constructed a MMRS model incorporating the risk score and clinical variables. Subsequently, we used quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis to verify the expression of the screened genes.

Results
We retrieved and annotated a total of 14,719 cells from eight samples in the scRNA-seq GSE132465 data set. The activities of mitophagy-related pathways were uniformly upregulated in cancer cells. Integrating with bulk RNA-seq data, we identified two mitophagy-mediated clusters (C1 and C2) with distinct characteristics and prognoses. C2 was identified as a mitophagy-high cluster. Then, we developed a five-gene MMRS via LASSO Cox analysis in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. We utilized the GSE39582 cohort to validate the efficacy of our model. The expression of CX3CL1 and INHBB was upregulated in CRC tissues.

Conclusions
The present study identified two mitophagy-mediated CRC subtypes with distinct features. Our MMRS may provide potential therapeutic strategies for CRC. The findings of our work offer novel insights into the involvement of mitophagy in CRC.
Major shift in the copepod functional community of the southern North Sea and potential environmental drivers
Authors: Deschamps M M , Boersma M , Meunier C L , Kirstein I V , Wiltshire K H , Di Pane J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Copepods form the bulk of secondary production in marine ecosystems and are a major resource for higher trophic levels. Copepods are highly sensitive to environmental changes as they are ectotherms with a short life span whose metabolism and development depend on abiotic conditions. In turn, changes in their functional structure (i.e. functional trait composition) can have impacts on ecosystems. We examined changes in the copepod functional community in the North Sea over the past five decades, using a trait-based approach. We observed a shift around 1986–1988: the copepod community was initially dominated by larger herbivores, with a long development time, diapause ability, and highest abundances in summer. This community changed abruptly after 1986–1988, to a dominance of smaller carnivore taxa, with shorter development times, less ability to enter diapause, and that display higher abundances in autumn. This rapid reorganization could be driven by higher water temperatures, lower dinoflagellate abundances, and lower nutrient concentrations. These changes could impact adjacent trophic levels, such as phytoplankton on which several species graze or fish larvae, leading to a mismatch situation with consequences for fish recruitment. Our results emphasize the impact that global and regional changes could have on coastal ecosystems through the role played by copepods.
The positional probability and true host star identification of TESS exoplanet candidates
Authors: Hadjigeorghiou Andreas , Armstrong David J 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a method for deriving a probabilistic estimate of the true source of a detected TESS transiting event. Our method relies on comparing the observed photometric centroid offset for the target star with models of the offset that would occur if the event was either on the target or any of the Gaia identified nearby sources. The comparison is done probabilistically, allowing us to incorporate the uncertainties of the observed and modelled offsets in our result. The method was developed for TESS Full Frame Image light curves produced from the TESS Science Processing Operations Center (SPOC) pipeline, but could be easily adapted to light curves from other sources. We applied the method on 3226 TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs), with a released light curve from SPOC. The method correctly identified 96.5 per cent of 655 known exoplanet hosts as the most likely source of the eclipse. For 142 confirmed Nearby Eclipsing Binaries (NEBs) and Nearby Planet Candidates (NPCs), a nearby source was found to be the most likely in 96.5 per cent of the cases. For 40 NEBs and NPCs where the true source is known, it was correctly designated as the most likely in 38 of those. Finally, for 2365 active planet candidates, the method suggests that 2072 are most likely on-target and 293 on a nearby source. The method forms a part of an in-development vetting and validation pipeline, called RAVEN, and is released as a standalone tool.
Magnetic support, wind-driven accretion, coronal heating, and fast outflows in a thin magnetically arrested disc
Authors: Scepi Nicolas , Begelman Mitchell C , Dexter Jason 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Accretion discs properties should deviate from standard theory when magnetic pressure exceeds the thermal pressure. To quantify these deviations, we present a systematic study of the dynamical properties of magnetically arrested discs (MADs), the most magnetized type of accretion disc. Using an artificial cooling function to regulate the gas temperature, we study MADs of three different thermal thicknesses, hth/r = 0.3, 0.1, and 0.03. We find that the radial structure of the disc is never mostly supported by the magnetic field. In fact, thin MADs are very near Keplerian. However, as discs gets colder, they become more magnetized and the largest deviations from standard theory appear in our thinnest disc with hth/r = 0.03. In this case, the disc is much more extended vertically and much less dense than in standard theory because of vertical support from the turbulent magnetic pressure and wind-driven angular momentum transport that enhances the inflow speed. The thin disc also dissipates a lot of thermal energy outside of z/r = ±0.03 and a significant fraction of this dissipation happens in mildly relativistic winds. The enhanced dissipation in low-density regions could possibly feed coronae in X-ray binaries (XRBs) and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Wind-driven accretion will also impact the dynamical evolution of accretion discs and could provide a mechanism to explain the rapid evolution of changing-look AGN and the secular evolution of XRBs. Finally, our MAD winds have terminal velocities and mass-loss rates in good agreement with the properties of ultrafast outflows observed in AGN.
Associations of Sexual Orientation-Related Minority and Military Stressors With Past-Year Cigarette Use Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Veterans
Authors: Ruiz Raymond A , Lehavot Keren , Heffner Jaimee L , Kava Christine M , Ornelas India J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals and Veterans are more likely to report current smoking than the general adult population in the United States. The Minority Stress Model may explain the high prevalence of cigarette smoking among LGB individuals, who experience unique interpersonal (e.g., discrimination) and intrapersonal (e.g., identity concealment) stressors related to their minoritized sexual orientation.

Aims and Methods
This study assessed whether three types of stressors (interpersonal, intrapersonal, and LGB-specific military) were associated with past-year smoking among LGB Veterans. Veterans were recruited online for a prospective cohort study. We conducted secondary data analysis of baseline surveys collected from 2019 to 2020. The study sample included cisgender, LGB Veterans (n = 463). Adjusted nested multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of each stressor with past-year cigarette smoking.

Results
Participants were mostly male (54.0%), non-Hispanic white (82.1%), and at least a college graduate (58.5%). LGB Veterans who were younger, had lower levels of education, income, and healthcare coverage, higher general stressors, and post-traumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms were more likely to smoke in the past year (n = 98, 21.2%). The adjusted odds of past-year smoking were higher among those who reported higher levels of harassment (aOR = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01 to 1.26), victimization (aOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.43), and family rejection (aOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.36).

Conclusions
Multiple interpersonal stressors were associated with past-year smoking, highlighting the need to intervene on these stressors. Future interventions should aim to address policies that reduce prejudice against LGB Veterans, while helping those who smoke identify and develop positive coping skills that support cessation.

Implications
Our findings contribute to the growing body of literature on tobacco use disparities among LGB individuals, particularly LGB Veterans. Results of this analysis provide some evidence for the Minority Stress Model as a conceptual model for understanding and intervening in disparities in smoking prevalence among LGB Veterans.
Mamie Phipps Clark
Authors: Nkeramihigo Amanda , Christie Danielle , Salis Desiree , Rutherford Alexandra 
Published: October 2023

Mamie Phipps Clark (b. 1917–d. 1983) was a psychologist who focused on identity development, racial self-consciousness, education, and counselling psychology. She was the second Black person (her husband being the first) and the first Black woman to earn a psychology doctorate at Columbia University in New York City, an impressive feat at a time when many schools and colleges in the United States were racially segregated. Black women, in particular, encountered numerous barriers to success. Born and raised in Hot Springs, Arkansas, Clark attended a segregated school and became aware of the separation of Blacks and Whites early. Her father, Harold H. Phipps, was a well-respected physician, and this afforded them some privileges and access to spaces usually restricted to Whites. Nevertheless, in a 1976 oral history interview, she recalled being aware of lynching at age six; there was always an awareness of what lines not to cross. After high school, Clark attended Howard University in Washington, DC, on a scholarship. There, she met her future husband, Kenneth Clark, who was studying psychology. Her interest in abnormal and educational psychology, and persuasion from Kenneth, led her to switch from math to psychology in her third year of studies. Clark pursued her master’s at Howard University. Her thesis investigated Black children’s awareness of themselves and their racial belonging, and found that this awareness developed quite early. This research catalysed subsequent controversial studies, co-authored with her husband and famously known as the doll studies. These became instrumental in the 1954 unanimous US Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, which overturned the 1896 “separate but equal” doctrine, making racial segregation unconstitutional in American public schools. Mamie was called as a rebuttal witness to the testimony of her former doctoral advisor who had testified to the inferiority of Black students. Subsequent to her PhD, Mamie was unable to find a university-based research position, noting the difficulty of securing such a position given the double jeopardy of being Black and female. Thus, she conceived of, founded, and directed the Northside Center for Child Development for the rest of her career. There, she oversaw a multiracial staff who provided comprehensive and innovative psychosocial services to disadvantaged children in the Harlem area. She retired as its director in 1979 and died in 1983. Despite some recovery efforts, Mamie Clark’s contributions to psychology, social change, and the well-being of children, families, and communities continue to be overlooked by history and overshadowed by her husband’s status as a prominent social scientist and public intellectual.
Une approche d’affirmation pour les soins aux jeunes transgenres et de diverses identités de genre
Authors: Vandermorris Ashley , Metzger Daniel L 
Published: October 2023

RésuméUn nombre croissant de jeunes s’identifient comme transgenres ou de diverses identités de genre. De nombreux pédiatres et dispensateurs de soins de première ligne accueilleront cette population dans leur pratique, dans le cadre de soins liés au genre ou de soins de santé généraux. Le présent document de principes se veut une ressource pour orienter les pédiatres et les dispensateurs de soins de première ligne à adopter une approche d’affirmation pour la prestation des soins réguliers à tous les jeunes. De plus, il contient de l’information visant à aider les dispensateurs à répondre aux demandes de conseils des jeunes transgenres et de diverses identités de genre et de leur famille au sujet des possibilités de transition médicale et d’orientation vers des services spécialisés s’ils le désirent et le jugent pertinent. Enfin, on anticipe que la demande de soins d’affirmation de genre continue d’augmenter, et certains dispensateurs de soins peuvent souhaiter acquérir les connaissances et les habiletés nécessaires pour amorcer les inhibiteurs d’hormones et les hormones d’affirmation de genre chez les adolescents. Le présent document ne contient pas de directives cliniques, mais de l’information fondamentale au sujet des divers éléments possibles des soins d’affirmation de genre, tout en reconnaissant que les besoins et les objectifs d’adolescents particuliers n’incluent pas automatiquement de telles interventions. D’autres ressources permettant d’acquérir les compétences nécessaires pour offrir des interventions d’affirmation de genre sont également proposées.
Making Room for Refugee Interpretation of Labelling: A Case Study from the Turkish–Syrian Border
Authors: Hampton Kathryn , Türkyilmaz Gökçe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Turkey admitted millions of refugees fleeing the Syrian civil war. However, the situation of Syrians in Turkey remains precarious under the temporary protection regime, unable to qualify as Convention refugees due to Turkey’s geographic reservation to the 1967 Protocol and with limited access to work permits and citizenship. Based on in-depth interviews, we provide a case study of refugee perspectives on refugee “labelling” as an absurd, historically contingent, and myth-telling process, which contributes to a growing body of research taking a bottom-up approach to understanding refugee protection. We put forward a refugee-interpreted view on labelling, finding that refugees explained labelling as an opaque and unpredictable digitised process, administrated through paper documents which act as talismans but also scams. Our study provides rich detail about how refugees subvert and cope with the labelling process through humour and mockery, historicity, and developing alternate forms of identity. We sought to use these interviews to work with refugees to turn a critical gaze on the paradigm of labelling from a refugee perspective and address the lack of empirical research centring refugee interpretations of labelling.
Plague, Religion and Urban Space in Sixteenth-Century Antwerp
Authors: Coomans Janna , Hermenault Léa , van Kooten Rogier , Weeda Claire 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Antwerp’s response to the outbreak of plague in the 1570s offers new insights into the effects of epidemics on urban communities in relation to their religious, economic, and spatial fabric. Antwerp’s transition from a Catholic to Calvinist government in 1577, and back to Catholicism in 1585, allows us to study its reaction to and the effects of plague across religious boundaries within a short time span. Using GIS, we have compared various rich datasets concerning plague: the register of houses locked in quarantine; the health certificates issued by authorities; plague fatalities recorded in St. Jacob’s parish; a wide range of urban regulations; and information about the size of households, their composition, rents and real estate values in Antwerp. Combined analysis shows that Catholics and Protestants, whose houses were concentrated in different city districts and who had distinct professional and economic profiles, experienced plague quite differently, both physically and spiritually.
Interests in possession: a critique of Hall v HMRC
Authors: Anson-Holland James 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Does a beneficiary with a life interest in a particular property under a will have an enforceable right to occupy that property in circumstances where a third party voluntarily pays an estate debt that could only otherwise have been satisfied by the executors selling the property? The recent decision in Hall v HMRC [2023] UKFTT 32 (TC) held that no such right existed and, as a result, the life-interest beneficiary did not have an ‘interest in possession’ for inheritance tax purposes. This article questions that result by arguing that the third-party payments discharged the estate debt and granted the life-interest beneficiary an enforceable right to occupy the property following the administration of the estate such that an ‘interest in possession’ must arise.
Bank payments on instructions of delinquent agents: a paradigm shift
Authors: Suen Christy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This case note discusses the implications of Lord Sumption’s judgment in Pt Asuransi Tugu Pratama Indonesia TBK v Citibank N.A. [2023] HKCFA 3 on the rights of a corporate customer against a bank that has debited its account upon the instructions of the customer’s delinquent officers. It proposes a new line of defences available to banks, namely the Greenwood estoppel and the unavailability of selective ratification to the customers. In particular, under the Greenwood estoppel, the issue of whether the knowledge of the wrongdoing agents shall be attributed to the corporate customer is also addressed.
New information on the neurocranium of Archeria crassidisca and the relationships of the Embolomeri
Authors: Pardo Jason D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Embolomeres have been considered candidate stem-amniotes by many authors, but recent work has shown that anatomical and phylogenetic support for this hypothesis may be ambiguous. Newer phylogenetic approaches focus on the anatomy of the endochondral bones surrounding the brain (neurocranium) and associated dermal investing bones, so accurate description of the neurocranium of tetrapods, and particularly embolomeres, is critical to assess the phylogenetic context of amniote origins. I here amend prior descriptions of the neurocranium of the abundant Early Permian embolomere, Archeria crassidisca, with a description of a previously unreported partial braincase. This specimen reveals features broadly associated with stem-tetrapods of the fin-to-limb transition and recently described in aïstopod stem-tetrapods, including a cranial notochordal remnant, a possible buccohypophyseal canal, and anteroventrally projecting saccular fossae that extend deep into the basioccipital. I present an amended description and reconstruction of the neurocranium and a phylogenetic analysis integrating these codings, which recovers embolomeres more robustly within the tetrapod stem. I review characters previously used to assign embolomeres to the amniote stem and find this evidence is ambiguous or incorrect. I then outline strong character support for a stem-tetrapod position of embolomeres, and implications for the ancestral body plan of crown-group tetrapods.