bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrapartum umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry as a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome: a systematic review
Authors: Farrell Tom , Chien Patrick F. W. , Gordon Adam 
Published: August 2005

Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic prediction of intrapartum umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry for adverse perinatal outcomes using systematic quantitative overview of the available literature.Design
Online searching of MEDLINE database (January 1966–September 1997), scanning of bibliography of known primary and review articles, review of recent journal issues and that from personal files. Study selection, assessment of study quality and data extraction were all performed in duplicate under masked conditions.Participants
2700 women (unselected, low, high, and combined low and high obstetric risk populations) included in eight studies selected for meta‐analyses.Main outcome measures
Likelihood ratios (LRs) for positive and negative test results were generated for the following outcome measures: Apgar scores < 7 at 1 and 5 minute following delivery, small for gestational age fetus; intrapartum fetal heart rate abnormality, umbilical arterial acidosis at delivery; and caesarean section for fetal distress.Results
For Apgar score < 7 at 1 minute following delivery, the pooled LR was 2.5 (95% CI1.7–3.7) for a positive test and 1.0 (95% CI 0.9–1.1) for a negative test result. A positive test predicted an Apgar score < 7 at 5 minute following delivery with a pooled LR of 1.3 (95% CI 0.4–4.1) while a negative test had a pooled LR of 1 0 (95% CI 0.8–1.2). For the prediction of a small for gestational age fetus, the pooled LR was 3.4 (95% CI 2.3–5.1) for a positive test and 0.9 (95% CI 0.8–1.0) for a negative test. The prediction for fetal heart rate abnormality during labour was similarly disappointing: the pooled LR for a positive test result was 1.4 (95% CI 0.9–1.2) whereas a negative test result generated a pooled LR of 0.9 (95% CI 0.9–1 e0). With umbilical acidosis at delivery, the pooled LR was 1.6 (95% CI 1.1–2.5) for a positive test and 1.1 (95% CI 1.0–1.2) for a negative test. The LRs for the prediction of caesarean section for fetal distress were 4.1 (95% CI 2.7–6.2) for a positive test result and 0.9 (95% CI 0.8–1.0) for a negative test result.Conclusion
Intrapartum umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry is a poor predictor of adverse perinatal outcomes.
Psychosocial predictors of low birthweight: a prospective study
Authors: Paarlberg K. Marieke , Vingerhoets J. J. M. , Passchier Jan , Dekker Gustaaf A. , Heinen Antonius G. J. J. , van Geijn Herman P. 
Published: August 2005

Objective
To examine the role of psychosocial risk factors for low birthweight.Design
A prospective study.Setting
Obstetric outpatient clinics of the University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.Participants
Three hundred and ninety‐six nulliparous women.Methods
Questionnaires on background variables, daily stressors, psychological and mental wellbeing, social support and work factors were completed by the women in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy. Low birthweight for gestational age was defined at different cut off points: 1. ≤ 10th customised birthweight centile (n= 69); 2 ≤ 5th customised birthweight centile (n= 54); 3. ≤ 3rd customised birthweight centile (n= 35); and 4. ≤ the 10th Dutch birthweight centile (n= 40). Multivariate logistic regression was applied and the results were expressed in odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals.Results
When the cut off level was defined ≤ 5th and ≤ 3rd customised centile, the number of daily stressors in the first trimester was a statistically significant risk factor (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07 and OR 1.04,95% CI 1.01–1.08). No significant psychosocial risk factors could be identified when low birthweight for gestational age was defined ≤ the 10th customised birthweight centile. When low birthweight for gestational age was defined I the 10th Dutch birthweight centile, number of hours housekeeping per week in the first trimester (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.03–2.46), low subjective severity rating of daily stressors in the first trimester (OR 0.41,95% CI 0.17497) and depressive mood in the first trimester (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01–1.24) were statistically significant psychosocial risk factors after controlling for maternal weight and height, number of cigarettes smoked per day and educational level.Conclusions
In the fist trimester of pregnancy maternal psychosocial factors are associated with an increased risk of low birthweight. The specific psychosocial risk factors found were different when the definition of low birthweight was changed. Therefore, in this field of research, we suggest use of the most valid outcome measure for low birthweight, being the customised birthweight centiles.
Urinary incontinence: prevalence and risk factors at 16 weeks of gestation
Authors: Højberg Karen‐Elise , Salvig Jannie Dalby , Winsløw Nitnoi Albertsen , Lose Gunnar , Secher Niels Jø;rgen 
Published: August 2005

Objective
To evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence at 16 weeks of gestation and to identify possible maternal and obstetric risk factors.Design
Cross‐sectional study and cohort study.Setting
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.Population
Cross‐sectional study: 7795 women attending antenatal care. Cohort study: a sub‐group of 1781 pregnant women with one previous delivery at our department.Results
Prevalence and maternal risk factors: the prevalence of urinary incontinence within the preceding year was 8.9% among women at 16 weeks of gestation (nulliparae, 3.9%. para 1, 13.8%, para 2+, 16.2%). Stress or mixed incontinence occurred at least weekly in 3% of all the women. After adjusting for age, parity, body mass index, smoking, previous abortions, and previous lower abdominal or urological surgery in a logistic regression model, primiparous women who had delivered vaginally had higher risk of stress or mixed urinary incontinence than nulliparous women (OR 5.7; 95% CI 3.9–8.3). Subsequent vaginal deliveries did not increase the risk significantly. Young age, body mass index > 30, and smoking were possible risk factors for developing urinary incontinence. Obstetric factors: weight of the newborn > 4000 g (OR 1.9; 95% CI 14–3.6) increased the risk of urinary incontinence; mediolateral episiotomy in combination with birthweight > 4000 g also increased the risk (OR 3–5; 95% CI 1.2–10.2); a number of other intrapartum factors did not increase the risk of urinary incontinence.Conclusions
The first vaginal delivery was a major risk factor for developing urinary incontinence; subsequent vaginal deliveries did not increase the risk significantly. Birthweight > 4000 g increased the risk; episiotomy in combination with birthweight > 4000 g also increased the risk.
Use of oral contraceptives and uterine fibroids: results from a case‐control study
Authors: Chiaffarino Francesca , Parazzini Fabio , La Vecchia Carlo , Marsico Silvia , Surace Matteo , Ricci Elena 
Published: August 2005

Objective
To analyse the association between oral contraceptive use and the risk of uterine fibroids.Design
Participants We considered data collected in a case‐control study on risk factors for uterine fibroids.Participants
We studied 843 women with uterine fibroids, whose clinical diagnosis dated back no more than two years. Controls were 1557 non‐hysterectomised patients younger than 55 years admitted for acute, non‐gynecological, non‐hormonal, non‐neoplastic conditions.Results
A total of 254 cases (30.1 %) and 360 controls (23.1 %) reported ever using oral contraceptives: the odds ratio (OR) for ever vs never users was 1–1 (95% CI 0‐8–1.3). The risk in current users was below unity when compared with never users (OR 0.3,95% CI 0.2–0.6), while ex‐users had a risk of fibroids comparable with never users (OR 1. I, 95% CI 0.9–1.4). The risk of uterine fibroids decreased with duration of oral contraceptive use: compared with never users, the estimated OR was 0.8 (95% CI 0.5–1.2) in ever users for four to six years and 0.5 (95% CI 0.349) for seven years or more (trend = 4.6, P= 0.03).Conclusions
Although the role of selection bias should be carefully evaluated, the present data suggest that uterine fibroids should not be considered a contra‐indication for oral contraceptive use.
Two dosing regimens for preinduction cervical priming with intravaginal dinoprostone pessary: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Tan Lay‐Kok , Tay Sun‐Kuie 
Published: August 2005

Objective
To compare the efficacy within 24 hours of a three‐times‐a‐day intensive dosing regimen with a standard once daily dosing regimen using dinoprostone vaginal pessary in preinduction cervical priming.Design
Randomised controlled trial.Setting
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Singapore General Hospital.Participants
One hundred singleton term primigravidae with cephalic presentation with unfavourable cervical scores (Bishop score ≤ 15) requiring induction of labour.Methods
Eligible women were randomly assigned the standard regimen (3000 pg dinoprostone [Prostin, Upjohn, Crawley, UK] once daily) or an intensive regimen (3000 pg dinoprostone given sequentially three times daily four hours apart) for cervical priming until successful priming (Bishop score of ≤ 6) or the onset of active labour occurred.Main outcome measures
Number of women whose cervices were ripened successfully or who entered active labour within 24 hours of starting cervical priming, priming to induction interval, and priming to delivery interval.Results
Forty‐nine women were assigned to the standard regimen and 51 to the intensive regimen. The median number (range) of dinoprostone pessaries used was two (one to seven) in the standard regimen and three (one to nine) in the intensive regimen. Forty‐two women (82.4%) who underwent the intensive regimen achieved successful cervical ripening or active labour within 24 hours, compared with 21 assigned to standard regimen (OR 6.2, 95% CI 2.3–17.4). This difference was statistically significant. The median intervals from priming to induction, and from priming to delivery, were also statistically significantly shorter in women treated with the intensive regimen. Thirty‐five women (68.63%) assigned the intensive regimen experienced pain, compared with 21 (42.86%) in the standard regimen (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.19–7.21), with two and one women in the respective regimens requiring opiate analgesics. Five women with oligohydramnios had transient cardiotocographic abnormalities during priming with the intensive regimen, none of which required immediate intervention, and the babies were born in good condition. There were no cases of uterine hypertonus and the outcomes of labour were similar for women from both regimens.Conclusions
Preinduction cervical priming with the intensive dosing regimen improves the chances of successful ripening within 24 hours for primigravidae with unfavourable cervical scores at full term singleton pregnancies, and shortens the interval from priming to induction, and priming to delivery. This regimen may be more cost effective by shortening the period of hospital stay. The overall incidence of adverse reactions to the mother and fetus during priming was low. However, close fetal surveillance must be maintained, particularly in pregnancies complicated with oligohydramnios.
The relation of breech presentation at term tocerebral palsy
Authors: Krebs Lone , Topp Monica , Langhoff‐Roos Jens 
Published: August 2005

ObjectiveTo examine the relation between breech delivery and cerebral palsy, considering the influence of intrauterine growth, low Apgar score at birth, and mode of delivery.DesignRegister‐based, case‐control study.PopulationA cohort of infants with cerebral palsy born between 1979 and 1986 in east Denmark, identified by linkage of the cerebral palsy register with the national birth register. Discharge letters from births of breech infants with cerebral palsy were reviewed.Main outcome measuresPresentation, mode of delivery, gestational age, birthweight, Apgar score, type of cerebral palsy, severity of handicap.ResultsBreech presentation at term was associated with a borderline significantly higher risk of cerebral palsy than vertex presentation (OR 1.56; 95% CI 0.9–2.4). Breech presentation infants more often had a lower Apgar score (< 7 at 5 minutes) and were smaller for gestational age (SGA < 2 SD) than were those with vertex presentation; infants with a low Apgar score, or who were small for gestational age, had a higher risk of cerebral palsy. After stratification by being small for gestational age the risk of cerebral palsy was not related to presentation. There were no differences between breech and vertex infants with cerebral palsy in terms of low Apgar score, being small for gestational age, mode of delivery, and severity of the handicap. Breech presentation infants were more often classified as diplegic (77.8% versus 42.3% in cephalic infants).ConclusionThe risk of cerebral palsy among term breech presentation infants does not seem to be related to mode of delivery, but is more likely linked to a higher rate of being small for gestational age in breech infants.
Factors Affecting Outpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes in Elders
Authors: Yu Fang , Richmond Therese 
Published: August 2005

Purpose:

To identify factors affecting outpatient rehabilitation outcomes in elders.
Design:

A retrospective cohort design was used to explore factors affecting outpatient rehabilitation outcomes in elders.
Methods:

Analyses of health records from a nurse‐managed comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facility were conducted. Data pertinent to the study were abstracted from 201 health records, including scores from three standard instruments: the Functional Independence Measure, the Mini‐Mental State Examination, and the Geriatric Depression Scale, to construct study variables. Multivariate and stepwise regression analyses were performed.
Findings:

Cognitive impairment was associated with lower admission and discharge function, but not with rehabilitation outcomes (functional gain, rehabilitation efficiency, days of service, and discharge location). Age ≥80 years, admission function, and the interaction of age ≥80 years and admission function affected functional gain and rehabilitation efficiency. Older age, being Black, and having more medical comorbidities were associated with days of service. None of these factors contributed to discharge location.
Conclusions:

Cognitive impairment was not associated with outpatient rehabilitation outcomes. Rather, age ≥80 years and function when admitted affected functional gain and rehabilitation efficiency in elders who participated in outpatient rehabilitation services.
Translation and Adaptation of the Social Support Network Inventory in Brazil
Authors: De Paula Lima Elenice Dias Ribeiro , Norman Elizabeth M. , De Paula Lima Alexandre 
Published: August 2005

Purpose:To describe the translation and adaptation of the Social Support Network Inventory (SSNI) to Brazilian Portuguese.Methods:The SSNI is a widely used, reliable, and valid instrument, designed to measure social support among English‐speaking people. The questionnaire was translated and adapted to the Brazilian‐Portuguese language by the back‐translation method. The translated version was evaluated in a sample of 120 Brazilian women in treatment for breast cancer.Findings and Conclusions:Internal consistency and construct validity were examined, and the psychometric properties of the translated instrument were good. The translated SSNI was easily understood by the respondents and did not present difficulty during the interviews. The Portuguese version of the SSNI is a valid instrument to assess social support among Portuguese‐speaking patients.
The impact of nicotine on osseointegration
Authors: Balatsouka Dimitra , Gotfredsen Klaus , Lindh Christian H. , Berglundh Tord 
Published: August 2005

AbstractObjectives: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of an enhanced systematic dose of nicotine on osseointegration of titanium implants.Material and methods: Sixteen female rabbits received either nicotine (n=8) or saline (n=8) administered subcutaneously via mini‐osmotic pumps for 2 months. The pump delivered 6 μg/kg/min of nicotine for the animals in the test group. Blood was withdrawn and plasma cotinine levels were measured weekly. Thirty‐two titanium implants were inserted into the femur and tibia of all rabbits after 4 weeks and after 6 weeks of nicotine/placebo exposure. Thus, 2‐ and 4‐week healing groups were created. Biomechanical evaluation by (i) resonance frequency analysis test (RFA) on all implants after insertion and before sacrifice and (ii) removal torque test (RMT) on tibial implants before sacrifice was performed. All implants placed in the femur were processed to undecalcified ground sections. The percentage of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and of bone area within the threads (BD‐i) were measured.Results: No significant difference in RMT and RFA values was found between the test and the control group. Histomorphometric measurements of the BIC and the peri‐implant BD‐i showed no significant differences between the test and the control group after 2 or after 4 weeks.Conclusion: Nicotine exposure for a short period of time even in a high dose did not have a significant impact on implant osseointegration in rabbits.
Platelet‐rich plasma influence on human osteoblasts growth
Authors: Ferreira Cimara Fortes , Carriel Gomes Márcia Cristina , Filho José Scarso , Granjeiro José Mauro , Oliveira Simões Cláudia Maria , Magini Ricardo de Souza 
Published: August 2005

AbstractObjective: The influence of progressively high concentrations of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) on human osteoblast hFOB1.19 proliferation was evaluated.Material and methods: The PRP was obtained from a human source. Two experiments were conducted. In the first one, PRP was diluted to 50%, 25%, 12.5% and 6.125% (v/v) with culture medium (Modified Eagle's Medium (MEM) : Ham's F12 Medium (HAM‐F12%) and 1% antibiotics–antimicotic) supplemented with 10% of fetal bovine serum (FBS). In the second experiment, all conditions were identical except for the absence of FBS in the culture medium.Results: The results of the osteoblast proliferation test were higher when stimulated by the 50% PRP dilution, with or without FBS. A further study is suggested to determine if concentrations above 50% could cause higher rates of osteoblast proliferation. In this study, the results were not statistically different (P<0.05) with 12.5% and 6.125% PRP dilutions. Additionally, it was shown that FBS is not necessary for PRP‐mediated induction of osteoblast proliferation.Conclusion: This study concluded that PRP promotes osteoblast proliferation and suggested its clinical application to bone graft procedures in implant dentistry.
Demographische Entwicklung der Bevölkerung
Authors: Diepgen Thomas L. 
Published: August 2005

ZusammenfassungIm Laufe des letzten Jahrhunderts hat die mittlere Lebenserwartung in Deutschland um rund 30 Jahre zugenommen. Prognosen sagen voraus, dass die mittlere Lebenserwartung weiter steigen wird. Nicht nur die Zahl der Älteren, sondern auch ihr Anteil an der Bevölkerung haben zugenommen und werden weiter zunehmen. Dies hat erhebliche gesundheitspolitische und ‐ökonomische Konsequenzen. Die Auswirkungen des Alterns der Bevölkerung betrifft auch, ja vielleicht sogar in besonderem Maße die Dermatologie. Erstens nehmen manche Hauterkrankungen ohnehin mit dem Alter aufgrund der langjährigen Kumulation exogener Belastungsfaktoren zu, zweitens betrifft der Alterungsprozess in besonderem Maße das Hautorgan und drittens hat ein gesellschaftlicher Wandel in der Bevölkerung stattgefunden, der die Grenze zwischen behandlungsbedürftiger Hautveränderung und gesellschaftlich akzeptiertem kosmetischen Hautproblem stark verschoben hat. Die zu erwartenden demographischen Veränderungen bei gleichzeitig im Allgemeinen schlechten dermatologischen Versorgungssituation des alten Menschen wird eine wichtig gesundheitspolitische Herausforderung auch für die Dermatologie darstellen.
Automatic Loop Shaping of Structured Controllers Satisfying QFT Performance
Authors: Yaniv O. , Nagurka M. 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
This paper presents a robust noniterative algorithm for the design of controllers of a given structure satisfying frequency-dependent sensitivity specifications. The method is well suited for automatic loop shaping, particularly in the context of Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT), and offers several advantages, including (i) it can be applied to unstructured uncertain plants, be they stable, unstable or nonminimum phase, (ii) it can be used to design a satisfactory controller of a given structure for plants which are typically difficult to control, such as highly underdamped plants, and (iii) it is suited for design problems incorporating hard restrictions such as bounds on the high-frequency gain or damping of a notch filter. It is assumed that the designer has some idea of the controller structure appropriate for the loop shaping problem.
Salmonella enterica
Serotype Typhimurium Fimbrial Proteins Serve as Antigens during Infection of Mice
Authors: Humphries Andrea , DeRidder Sandra , Bäumler Andreas J. 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACT

The
Salmonella enterica
serotype Typhimurium genome contains 13 operons with homology to fimbrial gene sequences. Here we investigated the role of 11 serotype Typhimurium fimbrial proteins, including FimA, AgfA (CsgA), BcfA, StbA, SthA, LpfA, PefA, StdA, StcA, StiA, and StfA, as antigens during the infection of genetically resistant mice (CBA). Upon the growth of serotype Typhimurium in standard laboratory broth culture, only the expression of FimA could be detected by Western blot analysis. The infection of mice with serotype Typhimurium grown in broth culture, followed by at least one subsequent infection, resulted in seroconversion of animals to FimA, AgfA, BcfA, StbA, SthA, LpfA, PefA, StdA, StcA, StiA, and StfA positivity. Most animals seroconverted to only a subset of these fimbrial antigens. The immunization of mice with glutathione
S
-transferase (GST)-FimA, GST-AgfA, GST-BcfA, GST-StbA, GST-SthA, GST-LpfA, GST-PefA, GST-StdA, GST-StcA, GST-StiA, and GST-StfA fusion proteins resulted in reduced fecal shedding of serotype Typhimurium during a challenge compared to that by a control group immunized with purified GST protein. Collectively, these data suggest that the expression of serotype Typhimurium fimbrial antigens is induced during the infection of mice.