bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEMAMPUAN LAY UP BOLA BASKET: SEBUAH STUDI CROSS SECTIONAL PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Isti Dwi Puspita Wati  
Published: January 2024

Kemampuan melakukan lemparan sebagai gerak dasar akan memberikan pengalaman gerak terhadap kecabangan yang berkaitan dengan melempar. Salah satunya adalah melempar dalam bentuk teknik layup dalam bola basket. Keterampilan melakukan layup menjadi sangat penting untuk mencetak skor. Permainan bola basket mudah dipelajari dan menyenangkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan melakukan lay up siswa usia 9 tahun sampai 11 tahun. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SDN 10 Anjungan yang berusia 9 hingga 11 tahun. Seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Jumlah sampel 127 siswa dengan 31 anak usia 9 tahun , 41anak usia 10 tahun dan , 55 usia 11 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam peneltiian ini adaah tes dan pengukuran. Adapun tes yang dipilih adalah tes ley up. Tes lay up diberikan dengan masing masing siswa mendapat 5 kali kesempatan melakukan lay up. Hasil tes kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistic deskriptif dan uji beda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa angka signifikansi sebesar 0,383, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa dari ketiga kelompok umur menunjukkan tingkat keterampilan yang sama Simpulan dari penetitian ni adalah tidak terdapat perbedaan kemampuan melakukan layup siswa usia 9 tahun sampai 11 tahun.
¿Sueñan los algoritmos con ser artistas? Una reflexión filosófica en torno al arte algorítmico
Authors: Hernández-Tisnado Yazmín Elena 
Published: January 2024

El futuro es una bestia indómita, sobre todo a la luz de los avances científicos y tecnológicos contemporáneos, pues tal y como señala Miguel Ángel Quintanilla en su obra Tecnología: un enfoque filosófico, “el mundo que queremos construir no depende tanto de las tecnologías que hoy tenemos disponibles cuanto del tipo de tecnologías que decidamos desarrollar para el futuro” (Quintanilla, 2017: 9). La ciencia y la tecnología son los grandes propulsores de la sociedad y la cultura, por ello, nuestro principal objetivo es dilucidar el concepto de arte algorítmico ligado a los crecientes procesos de automatización que experimentamos en la actualidad, hoy la producción artística se encuentra conectada a los términos de automatización facilitados por los algoritmos y a los desarrollos en el área de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA), que comienza a adentrarse en los procesos y tareas cognitivas complejas donde la creatividad humana comienza a ser, si no reemplazada sí redefinida.
Emociones, sentimientos y creencias de los docentes en el nivel medio superior al enfrentarse en el proceso de evaluación de sus alumnos.
Authors: Espinoza-Islas Verónica Marcela , Rubiales-Sánchez Fátima Sandra , Santana-Galindo Ana Lilia 
Published: January 2024

Resumen
Analizar el proceso de evaluación, es trabajar con un objeto complejo que puede ser observado en diferentes dimensiones. Los niveles de análisis a considerar pueden ser macro o microsociales. En el nivel macro se tiene como objetivo mostrar la calidad de la educación nacional y se basa en pruebas estandarizadas; se tiene por ejemplo las políticas públicas encaminadas a mejorar la educación. En un nivel micro tenemos a las instituciones, docentes y alumnos; inmersos en la práctica de evaluación (véase, Fasce, 2006).
El objetivo de esta investigación es de carácter microsocial, ya que se analizará la parte afectiva a la que se enfrenta el docente durante el proceso de evaluación de los alumnos, se considerarán tres factores principales en este proceso de interrelación: emociones, sentimientos y creencias.
ANALISIS KETERLAKSANAAN PROJEK “KELOLA SAMPAH PLASTIK UNTUK BUMI LESTARI” SEBAGAI PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA PADA SISWA FASE B DI SDN PANGARANGAN 1
Authors: Sama’ Sama’ , Budiyono Fajar , Qasidah Sunfatun 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana keterlaksanaan projek kelola sampah plastik untuk bumi lestari sebagai penguatan profil pelajar pancasila serta bagaimana keterlaksanaan projek kelola sampah plastik untuk bumi lestari terhadap karakter cinta lingkungan siswa di Fase B di SDN Pangarangan I. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenoligi yang dilakukan di SDN Pangarangan I kabupaten sumenep. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan teknik interaktif meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlakanaan projek kelola sampah plastik untuk bumi lestari berjalan dengan baik dan membawa pengaruh besar dalam membangun kesadaran diri siswa untuk mencintai lingkungan. Alur tahapan projek meliputi empat tahapan yaitu: pengenalan, kontekstualisasi, aksi kemudian refleksi. Melalui aksi P5 dapat menguatkan dimensi profil pelajar pancasila terutama dimensi beriman, bertakwa kepada Tuhan YME dan berakhlak mulia, bernalar kritis dan kreatif. Penguatan karakter profil pelajar pancasila dimensi beriman, bertakwa kepada Tuhan YME dan berakhlak mulia dilaksanakan melalui aksi B3 (Beramal, Berpahala, Beraksi). Kegiatan aksi dari dimensi kreatid memperoleh hasil karya berupa rak dinding, bunga plastik, kotak pensil, tabungan serta kemampuan siswa menentukan solusi permasalahan. Sedangkan pada dimensi bernalar kritis siswa mampu mengidentifikasi kode-kode plastik beserta kegunaannya
Development and validation of a prediction model for early screening of people at high risk for colorectal cancer
Authors: Xu Ling-Li , Lin Yi , Han Li-Yuan , Wang Yue , Li Jian-Jiong , Dai Xiao-Yu 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious threat worldwide. Although early screening is suggested to be the most effective method to prevent and control CRC, the current situation of early screening for CRC is still not optimistic. In China, the incidence of CRC in the Yangtze River Delta region is increasing dramatically, but few studies have been conducted. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simple and efficient early screening model for CRC.
AIM
To develop and validate an early-screening nomogram model to identify individuals at high risk of CRC.
METHODS
Data of 64448 participants obtained from Ningbo Hospital, China between 2014 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort comprised 64448 individuals, of which, 530 were excluded due to missing or incorrect data. Of 63918, 7607 (11.9%) individuals were considered to be high risk for CRC, and 56311 (88.1%) were not. The participants were randomly allocated to a training set (44743) or validation set (19175). The discriminatory ability, predictive accuracy, and clinical utility of the model were evaluated by constructing and analyzing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves and by decision curve analysis. Finally, the model was validated internally using a bootstrap resampling technique.
RESULTS
Seven variables, including demographic, lifestyle, and family history information, were examined. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that age [odds ratio (OR): 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.03, P < 0.001], body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.06-1.08, P < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (OR: 1.03, 95%CI: 1.02-1.03 P < 0.001), lifestyle (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.42-0.48, P < 0.001), and family history (OR: 4.28, 95%CI: 4.04-4.54, P < 0.001) were the most significant predictors of high-risk CRC. Healthy lifestyle was a protective factor, whereas family history was the most significant risk factor. The area under the curve was 0.734 (95%CI: 0.723-0.745) for the final validation set ROC curve and 0.735 (95%CI: 0.728-0.742) for the training set ROC curve. The calibration curve demonstrated a high correlation between the CRC high-risk population predicted by the nomogram model and the actual CRC high-risk population.
CONCLUSION
The early-screening nomogram model for CRC prediction in high-risk populations developed in this study based on age, BMI, WC, lifestyle, and family history exhibited high accuracy.
Recombinant adeno-associated virus 8-mediated inhibition of microRNA let-7a ameliorates sclerosing cholangitis in a clinically relevant mouse model
Authors: Hua Hui , Zhao Qian-Qian , Kalagbor Miriam Nkesichi , Yu Guo-Zhi , Liu Man , Bian Zheng-Rui , Zhang Bei-Bei , Yu Qian , Xu Yin-Hai , Tang Ren-Xian , Zheng Kui-Yang , Yan Chao 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by chronic inflammation and it predisposes to cholangiocarcinoma due to lack of effective treatment options. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) provides a promising platform for gene therapy on such kinds of diseases. A microRNA (miRNA) let-7a has been reported to be associated with the progress of PSC but the potential therapeutic implication of inhibition of let-7a on PSC has not been evaluated.
AIM
To investigate the therapeutic effects of inhibition of a miRNA let-7a transferred by recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 (rAAV8) on a xenobiotic-induced mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis.
METHODS
A xenobiotic-induced mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis was induced by 0.1% 3,5-Diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-Dihydrocollidine (DDC) feeding for 2 wk or 6 wk. A single dose of rAAV8-mediated anti-let-7a-5p sponges or scramble control was injected in vivo into mice onset of DDC feeding. Upon sacrifice, the liver and the serum were collected from each mouse. The hepatobiliary injuries, hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated. The targets of let-7a-5p and downstream molecule NF-κB were detected using Western blot.
RESULTS
rAAV8-mediated anti-let-7a-5p sponges can depress the expression of let-7a-5p in mice after DDC feeding for 2 wk or 6 wk. The reduced expression of let-7a-5p can alleviate hepato-biliary injuries indicated by serum markers, and prevent the proliferation of cholangiocytes and biliary fibrosis. Furthermore, inhibition of let-7a mediated by rAAV8 can increase the expression of potential target molecules such as suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and Dectin1, which consequently inhibit of NF-κB-mediated hepatic inflammation.
CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrates that a rAAV8 vector designed for liver-specific inhibition of let-7a-5p can potently ameliorate symptoms in a xenobiotic-induced mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis, which provides a possible clinical translation of PSC of human.
Bile acids inhibit ferroptosis sensitivity through activating farnesoid X receptor in gastric cancer cells
Authors: Liu Chu-Xuan , Gao Ying , Xu Xiu-Fang , Jin Xin , Zhang Yun , Xu Qian , Ding Huan-Xin , Li Bing-Jun , Du Fang-Ke , Li Lin-Chuan , Zhong Ming-Wei , Zhu Jian-Kang , Zhang Guang-Yong 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer (GC) is associated with high mortality rates. Bile acids (BAs) reflux is a well-known risk factor for GC, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. During GC development in both humans and animals, BAs serve as signaling molecules that induce metabolic reprogramming. This confers additional cancer phenotypes, including ferroptosis sensitivity. Ferroptosis is a novel mode of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation that contributes universally to malignant progression. However, it is not fully defined if BAs can influence GC progression by modulating ferroptosis.
AIM
To reveal the mechanism of BAs regulation in ferroptosis of GC cells.
METHODS
In this study, we treated GC cells with various stimuli and evaluated the effect of BAs on the sensitivity to ferroptosis. We used gain and loss of function assays to examine the impacts of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) overexpression and knockdown to obtain further insights into the molecular mechanism involved.
RESULTS
Our data suggested that BAs could reverse erastin-induced ferroptosis in GC cells. This effect correlated with increased glutathione (GSH) concentrations, a reduced GSH to oxidized GSH ratio, and higher GSH peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression levels. Subsequently, we confirmed that BAs exerted these effects by activating FXR, which markedly increased the expression of GSH synthetase and GPX4. Notably, BACH1 was detected as an essential intermediate molecule in the promotion of GSH synthesis by BAs and FXR. Finally, our results suggested that FXR could significantly promote GC cell proliferation, which may be closely related to its anti-ferroptosis effect.
CONCLUSION
This study revealed for the first time that BAs could inhibit ferroptosis sensitivity through the FXR-BACH1-GSH-GPX4 axis in GC cells. This work provided new insights into the mechanism associated with BA-mediated promotion of GC and may help identify potential therapeutic targets for GC patients with BAs reflux.
Glycated Haemoglobin and its Association with Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Santosh Palekar, Umesh Balgi, Sandhya M  
Published: January 2024

Background
Patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased prevalence of lipid abnormalities, contributing to their high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD)1. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the indicator of glycemic status over long term. This study is an attempt to evaluate the diagnostic value of HbA1c in predicting diabetic dislipidemia. Method: Venous blood was collected from 100 type 2 diabetic patients age 35–75 years, 50 males and 50 females attending the Diabetic OPD, Civil hospital Gulbarga were enrolled in the study. Investigations like fasting and post prandial blood sugar, HbA1c and lipid profile (Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL & VLDL). Both males and females patients with worse glycemic control (HbA1c > 9%) had significantly high cholesterol and LDL levels. Result: HbA1c showed direct and significant correlation with cholesterol, triglicerides and LDL cholesterol, and reverse correlation with HDL cholesterol..
Etiological Profile of Azoospermic Patients attending Male Biological Reproductive Unit of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram (Maharashtra), India
Authors: Santosh Balgote, Anil Chaudari  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
The term “Azoospermia” is defined as the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate, is identified in approximately 1% of all men and in 10 to 15% of infertile males. The semen analysis should be performed according to the 2010 WHO guidelines, and at least two semen samples obtained more than two weeks apart should be examined.
Material and Method
The present cross sectional hospital based study was conducted in reproductive biology unit of department of physiology, MGIMS, Sewagram (M.S.) India, during study period September 2011 to August 2013. Subjects belonged to age group of 21 to 45 year. The semen samples were obtained from male partner (referred from gynecology department) of infertile couples attending the reproductive biology unit. 90 freshly diagnosed patients were selected for study. The patients were interviewed about their case histories, their reproductive problems, and their family background. All WHO Guidelines was strictly fallowed so that identity of subject should not be revealed. In subject with absence of spermatozoa in semen three consecutive semen analysis were performed at an interval of one month each.
Observations
The prevalence rate of Azoospermic patient was found to be 19.90%. We observed that out of 90 azoospermic patients, 40% of patient was of Obstructive Azoospermia and remaining 60% was of Non-Obstructive Azoospermia. We found that the most common aetiology of obstruction was Epididymal cyst (23 patients), contributing 63.89% to its aetiology. Most common aetiology of Non-obstruction was Varicocele (23 patients) contributing 42.59%.
Conclusions
The current study highlighted the etiological spectrum of azoospermia cases.
Introduction of Concept Mapping as an Innovative Tool to Enhance Learning Outcome in the Medical Students
Authors: Veenodini Warhade, Pratibha Mehta  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
In today's multifaceted & challenging context of medical education, students are unable to organise, integrate information to the medical problems, so a need to fill this gap is strongly felt. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Concept Mapping (CM) over the traditional method of teaching & learning.
Aims & Objectives
To compare learning by traditional lecture with lecture using CM. To foster meaningful learning using CM & boosting the relevance of topic. To obtain feedback & reflection for CM based learning.
Materials & Method
Total 112 students were taken for the study. They were divided randomly in two groups. For group-A, lecture on Systemic lupus erythematous was taken by traditional method of teaching. For group-B lecture was taken by using concept mapping of same topic. Post-test (10 Marks MCQs) was taken from both groups & comparing was done. Cross over study was conducted for ethical purpose. Reflection & feedback was taken from students about CM.
Result
The result of post-test shows significant (P<0.01) rise in marks in Group B (CM) as compare to Group A (Traditional method), suggesting CM as a potential tool for better understanding & easy recall. Regarding reflection of students about concept method over traditional lecture method it was observed that more than 90% students said that it is simpler, easy, smart, concise, efficient and effective method of learning.
Conclusion
Students found it very interesting & effective tool for learning. Students also feel that this method will be helpful for revision before the sessional & professional examination.
A Comparative Study of Sleep Quality and Heart Rate Variability Index in Shifts and Non-Shift Working Population of Bengaluru
Authors: Sunkari Davana  
Published: January 2024

Background
Urban working population lead a busy stressful life with poor sleep quality and health. The present study targets working population including both Shift and Non-Shift (9am-6pm) workers to analyse their sleep quality and heart rate variability and to evaluate for association between them.
Objectives
This study aims to analyse Sleep quality and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in working population of Bengaluru and to evaluate for association between these two parameters in the study group.
Materials and Method
50 professional workers in the age group of 20-35yrs were subjectively analysed for their quality of sleep using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). HRV was recorded with finger photoplethysmograph using infrared light, placed on left index finger of subjects. The analog signals of the device were digitized and reported through Kubios HRV software.
Results
Sleep quality and HRV indices were found to be better in people working from 9am-6pm shifts (Non-Shift workers) compared to people working in other shifts. Significant correlation between Sleep quality and HRV indices was observed.
Conclusion
Non-shift workers have better Sleep quality and HRV indices compared to Shift workers in Bengaluru city.
Study of Changes in QTc Interval with Menstrual Cycle in Young Adult Female Basket Ball Players
Authors: Priya C. Rao, Chethan H.A.  
Published: January 2024

Objective
Study of changes in QTc interval with menstrual cycle in young adult female basketball players.
Method
Healthy young female adults in the age group of 18–22 years physicaly fit subjects were selected among general population. Sample size was 40. Parameters of ECG, QT interval, RR interval, QTc Interval were recorded during different phases of menstrual cycle. Mean and Standard deviation was calculated.
Results
There was significant rise in QTc Interval recorded during menstrual phase
Conclusion
Women are at risk of developing ventricular arrhythmias during menstrual phase as compared to Proliferative and Secretory phase.
Effect of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease on Pulmonary Function Tests
Authors: Puneeth M., Prashanth Kumar M.  
Published: January 2024

Background
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition in which the esophagus becomes irritated or inflamed because of acid backing up from the stomach. Heartburn and regurgitation are the typical symptoms of GERD. GERD can cause esophageal and extra-esophageal syndromes. Respiratory manifestations of GERD represent one of the most prevalent and challenging of these extra-esophageal syndromes. It is known to be associated with many forms of respiratory diseases, including asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The following study is taken up to know the extent to which the GERD affects the lung functions so that it can be diagnosed and treated at the earliest in order to prevent irreversible damage to the lungs.
Objectives
To assess the lung function tests in individuals suffering from Gastroesophageal Reflux disease.
Materials and Method
The study included 30 patients suffering from GERD as cases and 30 subjects not suffering from GERD as controls. Pulmonary function tests of each subject were recorded using Helios 401 spirometer. The results were compiled and statistically analyzed for significant differences.
Results
It was found that the following PFT Parameters FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEV1/FVC, FEF25–75% were significantly reduced in GERD patients in comparison with controls.
Conclusion
The results of the study conclude that GERD patients have a significantly lower Pulmonary function in comparison with controls.
Introduction and Assessment of Jigsaw Method of Teaching on Challenging Topics in Physiology for First Year Medical Students
Authors: Suman Sharma, Sangita Chauhan, Manjinder Kaur  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Working with active participation in a group results in success. It has been observed that the attendance and performance of the students is reducing in small group teaching because of their lack of interest. Jigsaw method is an innovative and cooperative method of teaching and learning as it involves active participation of students, focuses on fellow learners’ co-operation and reassures team work.
Objectives
The present study is aimed for introducing and assessing the effectiveness of Jigsaw method in enhancing cognitive and communication skills in M.B.B.S. students and it also attempts to train the faculty for this teaching learning method.
Methodology
A didactic lecture on the topic “Auditory system: EAR” was taken by the faculty of the Department of Physiology for 150 first year MBBS students. A prevalidated questionnaire based pre-test was taken in the tutorial hours. Students were randomly divided into 4 expert groups. Each group was given 4 subtopics of ear and they had 30 minutes to prepare it. After that, one student from each expert group was selected and a new mixed group of 4students each was made. The new group was asked to discuss the topic in 30 minutes. Now a Post-test was taken. Student feedback was taken by a prevalidated questionnaire of feedback Reflection writing of the faculty and students were also taken.
Result
It was observed that there was a 118% gain of knowledge in the students P< 0.0001 120.88% students agreed that this teaching learning method was helpful, time saving and doubt clearing. 23.96% students strongly agree that this method should be conducted more frequently in future and in the other departments also. 57.14% faculty suggested that this method needs more planning to execute but at the same time they agreed that it involved active participation of students and faculty both.
Conclusion
Cooperative learning like Jigsaw facilitates learning in small groups with fellow learner and encourages team work which ultimately enhances the teaching learning experience.