bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of RADAR vs. conventional techniques for AVF maturation in patients with blood viscosity and vessel elasticity-related diseases through fluid-structure interaction modeling: Anemia, hypertension, and diabetes
Authors: Wongchadakul Patcharaporn , Lohasammakul Suphalerk , Rattanadecho Phadungsak 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to compare two surgical techniques, the standard Vein-to-Artery and the newer Artery-to-Vein (Radial Artery Deviation And Reimplantation; RADAR), for enhancing the success of Arterio-Venous Fistula maturation in end-stage renal disease patients. The impact of diseases like anemia, diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease were considered. The goals are to advance Arterio-Venous Fistula (AVF) surgery, improve patient outcomes, and contribute to evidence-based surgical guidelines.

Methods
Fluid-structure interaction modeling was employed to investigate how hemodynamic and mechanical stresses impact arteriovenous fistula maturation, with a particular focus on the role of wall shear stress in determining maturation outcomes. The critical threshold for vessel injury was identified as wall shear stress values exceeding 35 N/m2, while stenosis formation was projected to occur at levels below 1 N/m2. This work introduced a novel approach by considering disease-related factors, including blood viscosity (anemia), and vessel elasticity (diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney diseases), which directly influence hemodynamics and the generation of wall shear stress. Furthermore, the model was designed to incorporate varying thicknesses and elasticities for both the vein and artery, accurately representing authentic vascular anatomy.

Results
The RADAR technique has demonstrated superior performance compared to the standard technique by providing appropriate wall shear stress in critical regions and minimizing the risk of wall damage. Its use of a thicker vessel also reduces the risk of vessel injury, making it particularly effective for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), hypertension, anemia, and diabetes, ensuring optimal blood flow and fewer complications. However, there are minor concerns about stenosis formation in hypertension and anemia cases, which could be mitigated by adjusting the anastomosis angle to be lower than 30°.

Conclusion
Diabetes and hypertension have significant physiological effects that increase the risks associated with arteriovenous fistula maturation. The anemic condition resulting from CKD may help reduce vessel injury but raises concerns about potential stenosis formation. Despite these co-morbidities, the RADAR technique has demonstrated its ability to induce more favorable hemodynamic changes, promoting arteriovenous fistula maturation.
Ameliorating impact of coenzyme Q10 on the profile of adipokines, cardiomyopathy, and hematological markers correlated with the glucotoxicity sequelae in diabetic rats
Authors: Jbrael Yousif Jameel , Hamad Badraldin Kareem 
Published: January 2024

Background
In diabetes, high blood glucose induces glucotoxicity, resulting in the further damage of pancreatic beta-cells and then precipitating diabetic complications. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between glucotoxicity with the level of adipokines, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and hematological markers. Moreover, the study examined the potential modulatory effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the aforementioned markers associated with the sequelae of diabetes mellitus.

Material and methods
Twenty-four male rats were randomly assigned to receive an injection of STZ to induce diabetes (n = 16) or to remain uninduced (n = 8). The hyperglycemic status was induced in fasting rats by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg /kg b.w.) dissolved in citrate buffer (pH 4.5). Three days after STZ injection, rats were divided into three groups; Normal control group (A), Diabetic control group (B), and CoQ10- treated diabetic group (C). The group (C) was fed with the basal diet supplemented with 5 g of CoQ10 per kilogram of diet for three weeks after the diabetes induction. After 21 days, the blood and serum samples were taken to conduct biochemical analyses. Blood glucose was determined by Blood Glucose Monitoring System. Adipokines or cytokines were evaluated by ELISA from a serum sample. Cardiac myopathy biomarkers were estimated by UP-Converting Phosphor Immunoassay Analyzer, and hematological parameters were measured by automatic hematology analyzer.

Results
In hyperglycemic rats, the level of fasting blood glucose, and serum level of resistin, omentin, TNF-α, and cardiomyopathy biomarkers significantly increased (P < 0.05). The treatment with CoQ10 significantly decreased the profile of adipokines and cardiomyopathy markers (cardiac enzymes and LPPLA2) in diabetic rats and also reduced glucose levels (P < 0.05). Lymphocyte percentages significantly decreased while significant increases were observed in granulocytes and MID percentages in hyperglycemic rats.

Conclusion
Diabetic rats had higher serum levels of adipokines and cardiomyopathy markers. Among the hematological markers, GRA% and MID% increased while LYM% decreased. The profile of adipokines and cardiomyopathy markers improved when CoQ10 was supplemented. The study suggests that CoQ10 may have a beneficial effect on improving diabetic complications.
Atresia yeyuno ileal, un diagnóstico temprano que impacta en la morbilidad
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Leidy  Cristina , Arroyo López Norma Patricia 
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: La atresia intestinal, es la causa más común de obstrucción intestinal congénita. Es producto de la oclusión completa de la luz intestinal que afecta con mayor frecuencia al intestino delgado en su porción yeyuno ileal, seguido en frecuencia por la atresia del duodeno. Se propone como patogenia una falla en la revacuolización intestinal en la etapa de crecimiento del cordón sólido. Los hallazgos sonográficos antenatales consisten en dilatación de asas delgadas, asociado a un aumento en la ecogenicidad del contenido de estas. Su posterior confirmación radiográfica se realiza mediante un estudio baritado que muestra la falta de progresión del contraste. Su diagnóstico oportuno permite el manejo que, garantice la viabilidad de la mayor proporción de intestino, dado que dentro de las complicaciones más frecuentes se encuentra el síndrome de intestino corto. Reporte de caso: Se presenta el caso de un neonato femenino con datos ecográficos prenatales consistentes en dilatación de asas y radiográficos posnatales tempranos de atresia intestinal requiriendo resección del segmento atrésico y anastomosis ilecólica con posterior manejo con nutrición parenteral hasta lograr tolerancia a la vía oral, egresando a las dos semanas de vida. Conclusiones: una adecuada intervención multidisciplinaria conformada por radiólogos, neonatólogos, pediatras y cirujanos pediatras, en los pacientes con atresia intestinal, permite una reducción en su morbilidad, demostrada en menor estancia hospitalaria, rápida ganancia ponderal y menor riesgo de intestino corto.
Intento de suicidio pediátrico e ingreso a Unidad de Cuidado Intensivos, antes y después de la pandemia, en un hospital universitario en Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Mojica Walteros Carlos M. , Hoyos Gómez Laura K. , Vanegas Gama Henry S. , Muñoz Torres Laura D , Fernández-Ávila Daniel G. 
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto profundo en el ámbito de la salud mental de niños y adolescentes, teniendo en cuenta que el confinamiento interrumpió de manera abrupta su entorno escolar y social, experimentando sensaciones como ansiedad, irritabilidad y estado de ánimo triste, lo que se ha relacionado con el aumento de intento suicida. Objetivo: caracterizar clínica y socio demográficamente la población en edad pediátrica que sufre intento de suicidio e ingresa a la unidad de cuidados intensivos, antes y durante la pandemia Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes entre 0 y 18 años que ingresaron a unidad de cuidados intensivos por intento suicida. Resultados: Se incluyeron 55 pacientes de los cuales 82.1 % intentaron suicidarse durante la pandemia por COVID-19. El ciclo de vida adolescencia y el sexo femenino fueron los más afectados. La mayoría de los intentos suicidas ocurrieron dentro del hogar, siendo la intoxicación el mecanismo más frecuente y los medicamentos la sustancia más utilizada. El lavado gástrico fue el tratamiento más frecuente y solo un intento suicida fue fatal. Conclusión: Durante la pandemia por el nuevo coronavirus aumentó el número de intentos suicidas en la población pediátrica. Los adolescentes y el sexo femenino son la población que con mayor frecuencia intenta suicidarse, siendo los medicamentos la sustancia que más utilizan, por la facilidad que tienen para su acceso dentro del hogar.
Microbiota intestinal y obesidad infantil: implicaciones etiopatogénicas y terapéuticas
Authors: Martín Martín María , Palomo Atance Enrique 
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: la obesidad infantil se presenta como una enfermedad de creciente prevalencia en el siglo XXI. No obstante, este incremento no es directamente proporcional a la ingesta calórica ni al sedentarismo, lo que ha supuesto el inicio de nuevas líneas de investigación, situando a la microbiota intestinal como un nuevo factor de riesgo para la obesidad en edad pediátrica. Tema: Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica a través de una búsqueda en la literatura científica desde 2013 hasta 2021. Se han utilizado las bases de datos médicas PubMed, Scielo, Elsevier y Cochrane, obteniendo así 27 artículos finales. La diferencia cardinal entre pacientes obesos en comparación con pacientes con normopeso es el aumento del ratio Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. La microbiota intestinal interviene en la etiopatogenia de la obesidad infantil mediante cinco mecanismos principalmente: modificaciones en la composición bacteriana, producción de metabolitos, aumento del tono endocannabinoide, reducción de la expresión del factor adipocitario inducido por ayuno y modulación del tracto gastrointestinal.
Las estrategias terapéuticas dirigidas a tratar la obesidad capaces de modificar la disbiosis son la administración de prebióticos y probióticos, el trasplante de microbiota fecal y el ejercicio físico. Conclusiones: hoy los datos todavía no son concluyentes dada la escasez de estudios. Es necesario realizar nuevas investigaciones de carácter experimental y, una vez obtenidos resultados más concretos, implementar los ensayos clínicos de las opciones terapéuticas frente a grupos bacterianos específicos.
A Cotton Rope in the Colon: A Rare Cause of Chronic Abdominal Pain
Authors: Syed Imran Ali , Rafi Kashif , Wasif Khan Hafiz Muhammad , Malik Ahmad Karim , Aujla Usman Iqbal 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Retained surgical sponge is a relatively rare medical condition with potential serious medicolegal implications. The term “gossypiboma” is frequently used to describe this condition. We present a case of a 40-cm-long retained surgical sponge in a 43-year-old woman who presented with unexplained chronic abdominal pain for several years. She had a history of open cholecystectomy, hepaticojejunostomy, and enteroenterostomy. Computed tomography scan revealed a large cotton sponge anchored within the large bowel. Surgical exploration is usually required for the retrieval of gossypiboma. However, it was successfully removed endoscopically using a diathermic needle knife with no immediate complications. The patient was discharged after 48 hours with marked improvement in her abdominal pain. This case emphasizes the emerging role of novel endoscopic interventions, resulting in excellent clinical outcomes, avoiding major surgical interventions, and providing cost-effective benefits.
International Humanitarian Law’s Impact on the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Weapon Guidance Systems
Authors: Munstedt Danielle 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
There is a growing interest in developing artificial intelligence (AI) weapon guidance systems in the military domain. Current guidance systems employ various methods to guide a weapon to its target. This target accuracy is a critical factor for its effectiveness. Artificial intelligence capabilities could enable these systems to perform tasks that usually require human intelligence, such as identifying potential threats or targets on the battlefield while continually improving the system’s performance at its assigned task.
Carthamin yellow attenuates brain injury in a neonatal rat model of ischemic–hypoxic encephalopathy by inhibiting neuronal ferroptosis in the hippocampus
Authors: Zhou Yuanyu , Wang Yuebin , Wu Xiaoqing , Wu Junjie , Yan Jianhui , Su Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a common neurological disorder characterized by ischemia and hypoxia in the perinatal period, which seriously affects the growth and development of newborns. To date, there is no specific drug for the treatment of HIE. Previous studies have shown that ferroptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HIE. Carthamin yellow (CY) is believed to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, no studies have reported the role of CY in ferroptosis in HIE in vivo until now. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of CY on HIE in vivo and to provide an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of HIE. The results demonstrated that CY increased the expression of NeuN in the neonatal rat hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) model. Further exploration revealed that CY increased the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 and ferritin heavy chain 1 while it decreased the expression of PTGS2 and ACSL2. Moreover, CY decreased malondialdehyde expression and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione expression in vivo. The findings also indicated that CY downregulated the expression of Nrf2 and Keap-1. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that CY attenuated brain injury in an experimental HIBD model, potentially by alleviating hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis through inhibition of the Nrf2/Keap-1 signaling pathway. These findings provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the clinical treatment of HIE.
Management of Sustainable Development and Its Impact on the Performance of Government Institutions in Iraq
Authors: Nursaid Nursaid , Ahmed Fareed Hussein , Makrina Tatyana Antolyevna 
Published: January 2024

The research aims to influence the management of sustainable development represented in (the environmental dimension, the economic dimension, the social dimension, and the technological dimension) in government institutions represented (planning, organization, direction, and control) in the College of Administration and Economics, where the research sample was chosen to include a number of The staff of the college, has developed (90) questionnaires for both genders, returned (86) subject to statistical work, where the results showed a positive impact of sustainable development management in government institutions. Significant relationship between the technological dimension and the institution's performance. The results of the research show that there is a relationship between the economic dimension, the social dimension, the environmental dimension, and the performance of the institution and the institution's performance.
Produtividade de diferentes cultivares de sorgo em cultivos distintos e sob estresses térmico e salino em região semiárida
Authors: Andrade Mateus Ferreira , Siqueira Tânia da Silva , França José Geraldo Eugênio de , Simplício Josimar Bento , Tabosa José Nildo 
Published: January 2024

A proposta de se trabalhar com a cultura do sorgo em solo de vazante no semiárido pernambucano, onde normalmente, existe a presença de sal tanto no solo quanto na água, em função das características da rocha matriz e materiais das enxurradas, teve como premissa aproveitar essas áreas que, se bem manejadas, são potencialmente agricultáveis possibilitando o cultivo de plantas que se adaptam bem a esse tipo de ambiente. Por apresentar sistema radicular “agressivo” e certa tolerância à salinidade, o sorgo pode explorar camadas mais profundas do solo em busca de água e nutrientes e apresentar produtividades surpreendentes. Por possuir também cutina protetora do colmo e da superfície foliar, resulta em menor perda de água por transpiração. Tais fatores permitem maior adaptação às adversidades desse ambiente, a exemplo de TºC superiores a 40ºC, estresses hídricos e salino e mesmo assim, têm apresentado produtividades satisfatórias quando comparado a outras Poaceae. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar 12 cultivares de sorgo forrageiro com características agronômicas distintas, sob irrigação com água de até 1.4 dS.m-1 proveniente do açude do saco, durante dois ciclos sucessivos, caracterizando a sazonalidade da primavera e verão, respectivamente, de 2015 e 2016. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do IPA, Serra Talhada – PE. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2x12, o primeiro fator corresponde a dois sistemas de cultivos (com e sem cobertura morta (C/C e S/C) e o segundo, 12 cultivares de sorgo presentes na tabela 1. Sendo 22 tratamentos com 2 repetições, totalizando 44 unidades experimentais. Cada parcela foi formada por 3 fileiras de 5 metros de comprimento, espaçadas de 0,80m. A densidade de plantio após o desbaste foi de 15 plantas por metro linear. Ao final do experimento constatou-se que o sistema de cultivo com cobertura (C/C) possibilitou melhor produtividade de até 30% no 1º ciclo e de até 64% no 2º ciclo entre os sistemas estudados; o 2º ciclo foi favorecido pelas precipitações que proporcionaram produtividades entre 68,85 e 61,6 t.ha-1 de matéria verde - MV e entre 24,10 e 21,56 t.ha-1 de matéria seca - MS, respectivamente, nas duas condições de cultivo com cobertura - C/C e sem cobertura - S/C; as variedades IPA SF 15 e BRS Ponta Negra foram superiores em produtividade, com 120 e 100 t.ha-1 MV (C/C) e de 28 e 31 t.ha-1 MS (S/C), respectivamente no 1º e 2º ciclo, o sistema de cultivo S/C proporcionou maiores produtividades para as variedades SF17, 2502 e SF190, respectivamente.
Psychosomatic disorders and their importance in dentistry
Authors: Aeran Himanshu , Singh Monika , Singh Soundarya , Seth Jyotsna 
Published: January 2024

Psychosomatic disorders are disturbances of visceral function, secondary to chronic attitude and long continued reaction to stress. Psychosomatic dentistry helps to acknowledge the relationshipThis paper deals with a wide spectrum of psychosomatic disorders which may affect oro-facial region, where, unfortunately they remain unrecognized because of common and limiting nature of their presenting features. Therefore, these disorders allow patients to occupy a sick role while psychologically unwell, to avoid responsibility for life by occupying position of suffering victim.
Enhancing dental care through artificial intelligence: A comprehensive overview
Authors: Yadav Pramod , Asdullah Md. , Gupta Juhi , Khan Masood Hasan 
Published: January 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) in dentistry is poised to alter a number of aspects of the industry, marking a paradigm shift of profound significance. Dental diagnostic procedures are being streamlined and optimized with the use of artificial intelligence technologies. Machine learning algorithms have demonstrated exceptional competence in the early identification of dental disorders, including cavities, periodontal diseases, and structural abnormalities in teeth, thanks to their extensive training on large datasets of dental pictures. These developments make it easier to intervene quickly, which enhances patient outcomes and lessens the strain on healthcare systems.Furthermore, tailored care and AI-driven treatment planning have become important areas of innovation. AI algorithms assist in the creation of customized treatment plans by analysing patient data, including genetic predispositions and medical histories. The application of AI extends beyond diagnostics and treatment planning to optimize administrative tasks within dental practices. Automated appointment scheduling, billing processes, and electronic health record management systems powered by AI technologies contribute to increased operational efficiency, allowing dental professionals to focus more on patient care.Combining human knowledge with AI skills has the potential to completely change the dental care industry by offering more precise diagnosis, individualized treatment plans, and enhanced patient experiences all around. As AI develops, its application to dentistry serves as a shining example of advancement, bringing about a new era in oral healthcare marked by increased accessibility, efficiency, and precision.
Impact of covid-19 pandemic on the epidemiology and etiology of lower respiratory tract infections in children
Authors: Berce Vojko , Časl Leon 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Changes in the epidemiology of communicable diseases in children are one of the direct and measurable consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of the recent pandemic on the epidemiology of lower respiratory tract infections and the relevant causative pathogens other than severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Methods: In this retrospective study, all children hospitalized due to lower respiratory tract infections in 2019 and 2021 were enrolled. The nasopharyngeal swab test was performed using polymerase chain reaction to identify prevalent respiratory viruses and atypical bacteria.
Results: A total of 356 children were hospitalized due to lower respiratory tract infections in 2019 and 250 children in 2021 (a reduction of 29.8%). The proportion of children hospitalized due to atypical pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia decreased from 10.1% and 21.9% in 2019 to 2.8% and 12.0% in 2021, respectively (P <0.01 for both). A complete disappearance of influenza viral infections was observed in 2021. Moreover, a profound decrease in the proportion of Mycoplasma pneumoniae–positive specimens from 9.0% in 2019 to 2.7% in 2021 was observed (P <0.01). However, the proportion of rhinovirus-positive specimens increased from 8.2% in 2019 to 41.2% in 2021 (P <0.01).
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the incidence and etiology of lower respiratory tract infections in children, resulting in a decrease in atypical and bacterial pneumonia, a complete disappearance of influenza, and a seasonal shift in the epidemiology of the respiratory syncytial virus. These observations are important for planning healthcare resources and preventive measures for future pandemics, which will undoubtedly occur.