bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF METERED DOSE INHALER TECHNIQUE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE
Authors: Batool Dr maliha , DAR Dr savida ilyas dar , AHMAD DR RIZWAN , Khan Dr hareema saeed khan , HAIDER DR SHABIH HAIDER , Farid Dr aroosa 
Published: October 2023

Background
Appropriate selection and correct use of inhalation devices is an integral component in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD). It is well known that no one device suits all patients. Metered Dose Inhalers (MDIs) and Soft Mist Inhalers (SMIs) are widely used even if benefits to patients are strictly related to their usability. Our aim of the study was to assess the frequency of patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases having improper metered dose inhaler technique.
Methodology
It was a cross-sectional study done at outpatient Department of Medical Department, Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad over a period of 3.All Patients with COLD presenting in OPD were assessed as having either a correct (performed ALL 6 steps correctly) or incorrect (not performed all steps correctly) inhaler technique, data being recorded on proforma.
RESULTS
A total of 250 patients were included in the study ranged between 14-70 years with mean age of patients 46.5±15.7 years. Total of 6 steps of inhalation technique was observed. Mean steps was 3.8±1.4. Incorrect inhaler technique (≤5 steps) was adopted by 220 patients (88%) and correct technique (6 steps) adopted by only 30 patients (12%). Stratification for age, gender, duration of COLD, education, marital status, occupation and BMI was also carried out.
CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrates that incorrect technique during inhalation is common among our patients with COLD hence it emphasizes an essential role of health professionals in regular evaluation of their patients and caregivers to ensure correct application of inhalation devices.

KEY WORDS
Metered dose inhalers (MDI), Chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), Correct technique
The Comparison of Fetal and Maternal outcome in Active vs Conservative Management of Prelabor Premature Rupture Of Membranes ( PPROM) at 34 to 37 weeks of gestation.
Authors: Muntaha Sidra Tul , Asma Dr Sadaf Asma , Hayat Dr sara , Muntaha Dr Farhan Hassan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT:
Background: The precise management of obstetrical crisis like preterm premature rupture of membrane is necessary to be designed for an optimum outcome. Both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality rate can be decreased by accurate approach of clinical management as it is not still established yet. This study was designed to compare the maternal or fetal outcome in conservative management with active management of prelabor premature rupture of membranes at 34 – 37 weeks of gestation. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized control trial SUBJECTS & METHODS: The patient’s data was collected from the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, F G Polyclinic Hospital and PIMS Islamabad from July 2019 to March 2020. Two groups were made and 90 cases were included in each group on the basis of active or conservative management accordingly. Fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality was judged on the basis of number of fetal distresses, chorioamnionitis and mode of delivery. RESULTS: 180 fetuses, a total of 140 survived. In group A, with conservative management, of the 17 (18.89%) mortalities, 9 (10%) developed fetal infections, 2 (2.22%) delivered prematurely, 3 (3.33%) had RDS. In group B, the active management was observed, 23 (25.55%) babies were expired, 5 (5.55%) contacted infections and died, 9 (10%) were diagnosed to have RDS, 6 (6.66%) deaths were due to prematurity with low birth weight. In conservative management group days of admission was significantly (p-value < 0.05) higher compared to active group. The duration of NICU stay was significantly (p-value < 0.05) higher in active management group (8.88% vs. 15.55%) as compared to conservative group (table 7). The rate of respiratory distress was also significantly (p-value < 0.05) in active management group (5.55% vs. 20%) as compared to conservative group. The mortality rate (25.5%) was bit higher in active management group as compare to (18.89%) in conservative management group but this difference was not statistically significant (p-value >0.05).
Conclusion: Conservative management of premature preterm rupture of membranes is more appropriate choice of management than active treatment if decided earlier
Association of PVL gene with SCCmec typing in MRSA (both community associated and hospital acquired) from a tertiary care hospital, Lahore
Authors: Jamil Iqra 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in staphylococcal infections. Resistance against methicillin in S. aureus is due to the transfer of mobile cassettes of specific genes in S. aureus called Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec). 13 types of SCCmec have identified till now. Various clinical syndromes are associated with presence of PVL gene. Therefore, the current study was designed to check the prevalence of PVL gene and SCCmec types in CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was done in LGH/PGMI, Lahore. MRSA isolates were phenotypically confirmed by Cefoxitin (30) disc on Mueller- Hinton agar. DNA extraction was done by using Genomic DNA purification kit. Detection of PVl gene and SCCmec types were done with PCR using specific primers.
Results: Out of 89 isolates, maximum isolates were from pus swabs (45%), followed by wound swabs (15.5%). It was found that 55 (61.8%) were HA-MRSA isolates while 34 (38.2%) were CA-MRSA isolates. PVl gene was found in 37% isolates. Among PVl positive samples, 36.4% were HA-MRSA while 63.6% were CA-MRSA. Most common SCCmec in HA-MRSA was type III (69%), while in CA-MRSA SCCmec type IVa was predominant (35.4%).
Conclusion: The present study provides an insight about the prevalence of PVl gene and different SCCmec types in CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA. Most common SCCmec type linked with HA-MRSA
Synergizing Airborne Non-Terrestrial Networks and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces-Aided 6G IoT
Authors: Jamshed Muhammad Ali , Shin Wonjae , Kaushik Aryan , Toka Mesut , Shakir Muhammad Zeeshan , Dash Soumya Prakash , Dardari Davide 
Published: October 2023

<p>On the one hand, Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) emerge as a promising solution to meet the demand for higher data rates, improved coverage, and efficient spectrum utilization. On the other hand, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) offer unprecedented possibilities for global connectivity. Moreover, the NTN can also support the upsurge in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices by providing reliable and ubiquitous connectivity. Although NTNs have shown promising results, there are several challenges associated with their usage, such as signal propagation delays, interference, security, etc. In this article, we have discussed the possibilities of integrating RIS with an NTN platform to overcome the issues associated with NTN. Furthermore, through experimental validation, we have demonstrated that the RIS-assisted NTN can play a pivotal role in improving the performance of the entire communication system. </p>
التجريب الشكلي والتيبوجرافي في الرواية القطرية -دراسة بينية
Authors: مبروك مراد , الحمادي روضة 
Published: October 2023

يتناول البحث الأشكال الفنية المستحدثة، التي طرأت على الرواية العربية بعامة والقطرية بخاصة في العقود الأخيرة، حيث شكلت بعداً جوهرياً فيها؛ لأسباب تتعلّق بالمتغيرات الاجتماعية والثقافية والسياسية والحياتية، التي طرأت على الواقع العربي. وجاءت الرواية العربية مجسدة للواقع العربي بكل متغيراته.
كما أن الأشكال البينية الروائية عند هؤلاء الكتاب جاءت تعبيرًا عن المحاولات التجديدية في الشكل الروائي من خلال بعدين: الأول؛ عني باستلهام الأشكال النوعية المستحدثة في النص الروائي ومنها؛ الشكل التاريخي والفولكلوري والتوثيقي والأسطوري، والثاني؛ عنى بالتشكيل التيبوجرافي للشكل الروائي المتمثل في التشكيل التيبوجرافي للغلاف، والتشكيل التيبوجرافي للحروف والعناوين، والتشكيل التيبوجرافي للوحات والأشكال النوعية.
وقد طبقنا هذه الأبعاد على رواية "القرصان" لعبد العزيز آل محمود، لكونها واحدة من الروايات العربية في قطر التي عبّرت عن التشكيل التاريخي من ناحية والتيبوجرافي من ناحية ثانية.
عيب فساد الاستدلال وسبل معالجته تشريعياَ
Authors: سعود عادل , عباس جعفر 
Published: October 2023

إِنَّ المبدأ الأساس في الأحكام الجزائية إن قاضي الموضوع له حرية تامة في بناء اسباب حكمة على قناعته الوجدانية من خلال كلما يحصل عليه من أدلة بموضوع الدعوى، ولكي يكون الحكم الجزائي صحيحاً يجب أن تكون المقدمات أو الأسباب الواقعية التي أستند إليها قاضي الموضوع في حكمه صالحة وفقاً لقواعد العقل المنطق لتحقيق النَّتيجة التي أنتهى إليها.
إنَّ الإشكالية الرئيسة التي تسعى الدراسة لإيجاد حل لها تكمن في إيجاد وسائل تشريعية لمعالجة الخطأ في الاستدلال الذي شاب الحُكم الجزائي، من خلال تعريف الاستدلال ومعالجة الأثر المترتب على كون الاستدلال المنطقي الذي يقوم به القاضي وهو بصدد فهم الواقعة والأدلة في موضوعة الدعوى سواء كان استدلال استقرائي أو استنباطي استدلال غير سليم، في ظل عدم وجود نص تشريعي في قانون أصول المحاكمات الجزائية العراقي رقم (23) لسنة 1971 المُعدل لمعالجة هذه الحالة.
أحكام تقدير جديّة الدفع الفرعي بعدم الدستورية في أنظمة الرقابة الدستورية العربية- دراسة مقارنة
Authors: اشقر احمد 
Published: October 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة أحكام تقدير جديّة الدفع الفرعي بعدم الدستورية في أنظمة الرقابة الدستورية العربية، بما في ذلك مفهوم جدية الدفع الفرعي، ومعايير تقدير جديته، والجهات التي تملك الحق في هذا التقدير، وآليات الطعن بقراراتها، وقد اعتمد الباحث المنهج التحليلي المقارن من خلال تحليل أحكام التشريعات العربية الناظمة للرقابة الدستورية، واجتهادات الفقه والقضاء في سياق مقارن.
وتوصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج عديدة أبرزها أن التشريعات العربية الناظمة للرقابة الدستورية تعاني من قصور تشريعي في تنظيم دقيق لأحكام تقدير جديّة الدفع الفرعي بعدم الدستورية، وأن الفقه والقضاء لم يستطيعا ضبط مفهوم دقيق للجدية في الدفع الفرعي بعدم الدستورية والمعايير التي تحددها، وخلصت الدراسة إلى اقتراح جملة من التعديلات التشريعية على التشريعات العربية الناظمة للرقابة الدستورية.
Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of Breast Self-Examination (BSE) among Students in FSK UniSZA
Authors: Mohd Radzi Juliana , Shafril Hilmi Nursyaza Zulaikha , Mohamed Nurul Syazwina 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Malaysia is one of the countries that have the highest mortality rate of breast cancer among other countries in Asia. Therefore, breast self-examination (BSE) is encouraged in every country including Malaysia to increase the detection of any breast abnormalities at an early stage and decrease the incidence of cancer presented at a late stage. This study aims to assess the level of Health Sciences students’ knowledge and practice of BSE as well as to investigate the association between knowledge and practice of BSE.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among female students from the Faculty of Health Sciences, UniSZA. An adapted questionnaire was distributed online using Google Forms to assess the knowledge and practice of BSE. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse sociodemographics, knowledge and practice on BSE while the Chi-Square test was used to determine the association between knowledge and practice of BSE among the respondents.
Results: A total of 288 female students participated in this study. The mean age was 21.4 ± 1.8 years old and most of them are single (99%). Most of the respondents (61%) have moderate knowledge of BSE, while 35% and 4% of respondents have good knowledge and poor knowledge, respectively. Among 288 participants, 93.4% have heard about BSE, but only 61% of people who have heard of BSE have performed it before. Besides, there was a significant association between knowledge and practice of BSE (χ² = 38.835, p =<0.001).
Conclusions: Practice of BSE significantly related to its knowledge. Continuous awareness campaigns must be held through various platforms to educate the public and encourage them to practice BSE as their monthly routine for the early detection of breast cancer.
The Adverse Effects After COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Determinants among Adults in Kuala Terengganu
Authors: Idris Nur Aiza , YUSOF NURUL AZREEN , Yunus Nurul izza , Daud Norwati , Juhari Siti Norazlina , Mat Hassan Nurulhuda , Mukhali Hassan Basri , Pauzi Mohd Faeiz , Ismail Mohd Zulfadli Hafiz 
Published: October 2023

Background: Although Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends people aged 12 and older obtain one dose of age-appropriate bivalent mRNA booster after completing the primary series, only 68.8% of the Malaysian adult population received their booster injection. The rate was even lower in Terengganu (43.5%). One of the main reasons for unwillingness to receive booster injections was due to the vaccination side effects as reported in a local study.
Aim/objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of adverse effects (AEs) after COVID-19 vaccination and its determinants among our local population.
Methods: This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of self-reported AEs after COVID-19 vaccination (BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine) and its determinants within 7 days following the second dose of vaccination among 379 adults in September 2021 at a public vaccination centre in Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia. The questionnaire consists of socio-demographic information, comorbidities, allergy history, history of COVID-19 infection, AEs post-vaccination, and duration of recovery. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS ver. 26.0.
Results: Most participants were 18 to 39 years old (n=307; 81%) and male (n=224; 59.1%). 43 (11.3%) participants had at least one comorbidity, and 28 (7.4%) participants had a history of COVID-19 infection prior to vaccination. 213 (56.2%) participants had mild adverse effects, and 16 (4.2%) reported severe adverse effects. Local pain (n=139; 36.7%), fever (n=91; 24%), and headache (n=61; 16.1%) were the commonest reported AEs. The mean duration of recovery was 1.21 days (SD=1.41). The commonest severe AEs reported was dyspnoea (n=4; 1.1%). From logistic regression, femaleshad 2.06 times the odds of having side effects compared to males (adjusted OR=2.06; 95% CI (1.32,3.22), p = 0.001). Those who never had COVID-19 infection were more likely to have side effects, as compared to those with COVID-19 infection (adjusted OR=3.50; 95% CI (1.52,8.84), p = 0.005).
Conclusion: Our study provides the real-life safety of the COVID-19 vaccination (BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine) in our community, even among those with previous COVID-19 infection.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; vaccines; vaccination; immunity; adverse effects
Effect on Antioxidants and Chromosomal Aberrations in the Offspring of Methyl Isocyanate Exposed Population of Bhopal
Authors: Sukumaran Ravi 
Published: October 2023

Bhopal gas tragedy was one of the worst industrial disasters that produced short-term as well as long-term health effects in the exposed population. The present study is an attempt to know about the genomic damage as well as the level of antioxidant caused by Methyl Isocyanate in the offspring of the exposed population and to know about the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in them. Offspring’s of the Methyl Isocyanate Exposed individuals living in the vicinity of 1.5 km from the Union Carbide’s pesticide plant were selected randomly from the study. Equal number of age (20 years – 50 years), sex (male / female) and locality matched non-exposed individuals were also enrolled as controls. All the subjects were non smokers and not employed at any type of chemical industry or a radiation department. Cytogenetic analysis was performed by standard protocol of lymphocyte culture as per as Moorhead et al. Chromosomal aberrations were observed. The antioxidant level of Vitamin E and Blood Glutathione was also recorded. Student’s t-test was performed to test the significance difference between means of chromosomal aberrations. The means were considered to be statistically significant at 1% level of probability. It was observed that the level of antioxidants (both Vitamin E by Jargar et al. and Blood Glutathione by Beutler et al.) was highly significant in the MIC Exposed and MIC Exposed F2 Generation Population as compared to MIC Non-Exposed Population. But, significant difference between MIC Exposed and MIC Exposed F2 Generation Population was observed. The mean percentage of normal metaphase in the Exposed group was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) as compared to Non-Exposed. Besides this, chromosomal aberrations (dicentrics and double minutes) were recorded at mitotic metaphase and were statistically elevated in the MIC Exposed Population. The present study indicates that the genomic instability still persists at a higher intensity among the Bhopal Gas Survivors. The higher incidence of chromosomal aberrations may act as the intermediate processes in the pathway of the progression of any genetic disorders and cancers. Hence, our study suggests that the Exposed Populations and their Offspring’s is more vulnerable and gas affected.
Keywords: Chromosomal aberrations, Methyl isocyanate, Bhopal gas tragedy, Long-term genotoxicity, Exposed Population
An Analysis of the Unused Blood Components Return at the Teaching Hospital in North Eastern Malaysia
Authors: Hassan Mohd Nazri , Mohd Noor Noor Haslina , Ramli Marini , Abdullah Marne , Zulkafli Zefarina , Wan Ab Rahman Wan Suriana , Iberahim Salfarina , Mohamed Yusoff Shafini , Bahar Rosnah 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: All blood components should be returned to the blood bank immediately if a decision of not to transfuse is made for reissuance or proper disposal. Improper handling of returned blood components lead to blood components wastage and may jeopardized the next recepients safety.
Aim and objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and reasons of unused blood components return and its quality indicator for the useful information of blood inventory plan in our centre.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study done from August 2020 to February 2021 at Transfusion Medicine Unit, Hospital USM. Each of blood components return was examined for the type and number of units, return reasons and the quality indicator (duration of stay outside the blood bank, temperature and physical appearance changes).
Results: The totals of 620 (3.1%) units of blood components were returned from 20120 units supplied and 80.8% units of them did not fit for reissuance resulted in 2.5% wastage from the total blood products. The highest rate of returned blood component was packed red cell (4.6%). The reasons of return mostly were inappropriate where majority due to ‘standby’ purpose (47.4%) followed by patient death (15.6%), adequate hemoglobin level (7.6%) and a few other unacceptable reasons.
Conclusion: Although the number of returned blood component is small but it can affect the blood supply. The proper system for assurance of returned acceptable blood components for reissuance must be applied and continuously monitored for transfusion safety and minimize wastage of this precious resource.
The occurrence of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infection on invasive freshwater fish, the Peacock Bass (Cichla spp.) from Tasik Telabak, Malaysia.
Authors: Mohamed Anuar Aina Sabihah , Mohamad Zamri Siti Nur Nadhirah , Kamarudin Ahmad Syazni , Ismail Norshida 
Published: October 2023

Peacock bass (Cichla spp.) is an invasive fish that has established feral population in many freshwater water bodies in Malaysia. Among the negative impact of invasive species are the co-introduction of new parasites, and they also may act as vector to various disease causal agents. The aim of this study was to identify and to measure the prevalence of parasites of Peacock bass from Tasik Telabak, Terengganu, Malaysia. A total of 28 fishes were sampled by line fishing with the help of anglers and examined for parasites by using general parasitological method and microscopic technique. 3 groups of parasites (Protozoa, Digenea and Nematoda) were found infecting Peacock Bass from the lake. 46% of the samples were infected by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a common protozoan parasite that known as the causal agent for White Spot Disease (WSD) in fishes. However, I. multifiliis is not a common parasite for wild Peacock Bass in their native area, this finding could indicate the potential of parasite spillback phenomena from the freshwater fish cages from aquaculture activities in the same lake.
FEATURES OF CARRYING OUT INITIAL INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF PENAL OFFICERS IN DETECTING AND DISCLOSURE REHABILITATION OF NAZISM, MULTIPLE PROPAGANDA OR PUBLIC DEMONSTRATION OF NAZIS AND EXTREMIIST PARAPHERNALIA OR SIMBOLISM AND ALSO CONFUSINGLY SIMILAR TO IT
Authors: Кияйкин Д.В. 
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматриваются особенности проведения первоначальных следственных действий с участием сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы при выявлении и раскрытии реабилитации нацизма, неоднократной пропаганды или публичной демонстрации нацистской и экстремистской атрибутики или символики, а также схожей с ней до степени смешения. Расследование преступлений различных форм экстремистской направленности в последнее десятилетие стало одной из приоритетных задач государства, решение которой возлагается на все государственные структуры без какого-либо исключения. Сотрудники правоохранительных органов, в частности, уголовно-исполнительной системы принимают в этом непосредственное и активное участие. Автором указывается, что расследование преступлений, совершаемых в исправительных учреждениях и следственных изоляторах, имеет некоторые особенности, которые выражаются, с одной стороны, в облегчении тактического сопровождения следственных действий из-за отсутствия возможности покинуть объект ИУ, на территории которого было совершенно преступление. С другой стороны, условия мест лишения свободы создают трудности в реализации работы при проведении иных криминалистических и процессуальных мероприятий. В результате предпринята попытка структурировать некоторые элементы проведения следственных действий на первоначальном этапе расследования указанных преступлений с целью дальнейшего формирования эффективной методики их расследования.
The article discusses the features of conducting initial investigative actions with the participation of employees of the penitentiary system in identifying and disclosing the rehabilitation of Nazism, repeated propaganda or public demonstration of Nazi and extremist paraphernalia or symbols, as well as confusingly similar to it. The investigation of various extremist crimes in the last decade has become one of the priority tasks of the state, the solution of which is entrusted to all state structures without any exception. Law enforcement officers, in particular the penal ones, are directly and actively involved in this. The author points out that the investigation of crimes committed in correctional institutions and pre-trial detention centers has some features, which are expressed, on the one hand, in facilitating tactical support of investigative actions due to the inability to leave the facility of the correctional institution, on the territory of which the crime was committed. On the other hand, the conditions of places of liberty deprivation create difficulties in the implementation of work during other forensic and procedural activities. As a result, an attempt was made to structure some elements of the investigative actions at the initial stage of the investigation of these crimes in order to further develop an effective methodology for their investigation.