bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practices of hygiene during complementary food feeding and associated factors among women with children aged 6−24 months in Dedo district, Southwest Ethiopia: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Birhanu Muluken T. , Liga Abebe D. , Jabir Yasin N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsPoor food handling practices contribute to food contamination, leading to food‐borne illnesses and childhood diarrhea in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study examines hygienic complementary food feeding practices and associated characteristics among women with children ages 6−24 months in the Dedo District.MethodA community‐oriented cross‐sectional study design was used in a multistage sampling strategy to gather information from 501 mothers of children between May 25 and July 10, 2022. There were absolute and relative frequencies assigned to each variable. Multiple logistic models have been used for factors that were 20% significant in univariate analysis. Odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were produced to identify the important predictors.ResultsThis study showed that mothers with a diploma (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 11.2; CI: 5.51−22.8), urban residency (AOR = 6.35; CI: 3.57−11.3), a positive attitude toward hygienic complementary food feeding (AOR = 2.23; CI: 1.19−4.20), good knowledge of complementary food feeding practices (AOR = 3.95; CI: 2.39−6.55), access to a hand washing facility close to the latrine (AOR = 2.60; CI: 1.55−4.36), and access to water close to their home (AOR = 2.42; CI: 1.27−4.59) were highly associated with good hygiene practices of mothers.ConclusionThis study shows that mothers of children aged between 6 and 24 months have a very low overall prevalence of good hygienic complementary feeding practices. The concerned parties should therefore establish a healthcare educational program for mothers that emphasizes the importance of hand washing and informs them about the dangers of improper complementary feeding practices.
The temporal variation of sediment connectivity from 1982 to 2020 in the Wei River basin, China
Authors: Liao Heng , He Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSediment connectivity is a valuable metric that characterizes the relationship between sediment transport from the source to the sink, and the ease of sediment erosion. Over the past four decades, changes in land use types and vegetation cover have significantly altered sediment dynamics in the Wei River basin. In this study, we used the index of connectivity (IC) to assess the temporal changes in sediment connectivity at a watershed scale. We employed Landsat images to analyse the relationship between changes in vegetation cover or land use type and sediment connectivity. We used factor detector and interaction detector in Geodetector to analyse the importance and impact of vegetation and slope on IC changes. We assessed the correlation of sediment yield and connectivity to validate our results and it shows that IC has strong or moderate positive correlation with sediment yield from eight out of nine stations in the Wei River Basin. Our findings demonstrate that soil and water conservation measures, as well as the grain for green project, have led to the transformation of cropland and grassland into woodland. This change is reflected in the decrease of the maximum IC value from 6.24 to 5.72 in the Beiluo sub‐basin, indicating a decreasing trend in sediment connectivity. Although the maximum IC value increased from 5.76 to 5.08 in the Jing sub‐basin, driven by human activity, showing an increasing trend. Furthermore, the IC value decreased in the western part of the Wei sub‐basin. Overall, sediment connectivity exhibits a weak decreasing trend in most regions of the Wei River basin, while it shows an increasing trend slightly in the Jing sub‐basin. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.47 to 0.86, with sediment yield being moderately or strongly correlated with IC. Our study identified vegetation, human activity, and slope as the main influencing factors of IC. The results of factor detector showed that the q value of vegetation was 0.63 and the slope was 0.1, Vegetation played a major role in the change of IC. The results of interaction detector showed that interaction between vegetation and slope was greater than the single factor. The temporal variability of sediment connectivity in the basin provides valuable insights for sediment transport management. Our research highlights the importance of studying sediment connectivity and offers proposals for measures that can be taken to address sediment transport challenges in the Wei River basin.
Unlocking the potential of stochastic simulation through Bluecat: Enhancing runoff predictions in arid and high‐altitude regions
Authors: Jorquera Joaquín , Pizarro Alonso 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRunoff prediction is crucial for effective water resource management and risk mitigation. However, predicting these catchment responses is challenging due to their unique characteristics and the randomness of hydrological processes. This manuscript explores two different types of modelling frameworks (deterministic and stochastic) and aims to answer questions regarding the reliance on stochastic simulation based on deterministic simulations, the suitability of simple deterministic models, and the influence of catchment characteristics on the results. A simple deterministic rainfall‐runoff model (with only one model parameter) was used to feed the Brisk Local Uncertainty Estimator for Hydrological Simulations and Predictions (Bluecat) framework, exploring the whole range of values of the model parameter. Our findings showed that Bluecat enhanced the Kling‐Gupta Efficiency (KGE) outcomes in arid and semi‐arid regions as well as high‐altitude catchments. Additionally, using the mean of the confidence band of the stochastic simulation as the simulated discharge, rather than the median, resulted in improved KGE values for all catchments. Hysteresis between S‐KGE (stochastic KGE) and D‐KGE (deterministic KGE) was observed, indicating a non‐monotonic relationship between the two variables, and therefore, S‐KGE optimisation can be achieved even when D‐KGE is not optimal. Bluecat showed exceptional performance extended to arid and semi‐arid regions, as well as high‐altitude areas, making it a promising alternative for rainfall‐runoff simulations in these challenging locations.
Evolution of freshwater availability in a climate‐changing Mediterranean context: The case of Umbria region, central Italy
Authors: Dari Jacopo , Flammini Alessia , Morbidelli Renato , Rahi Arash , Saltalippi Carla 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFreshwater availability is the litmus test of the ongoing global warming, but local effects in relation to larger scale behaviours are often ambiguous. In this study, 19 indicators derived by historical rainfall and temperature records have been used to reconstruct climatic trends over the Umbria region (central Italy). The scenario emerging from observations of the last 70–100 years consists in increasing air temperatures and decreasing yearly precipitation depths, which are differently distributed over the 12 months with respect to the past. As a second step, the response in terms of freshwater availability has been assessed by analysing runoff and groundwater records. A clear reduction in yearly water volumes flowing through the outlet stations of five pilot basins during the last century (1927–2020) has been found, quantified in a median loss rate of equivalent surface water thickness of −1.62 mm/year. Monthly mean groundwater levels show a slight increasing trend for most of the monitoring stations, but such an analysis has been carried out over a limited and more recent period (2006–2020). Hence, it can be affected by the uncertainty commonly associated to the interpretation of trend analyses referring to short temporal windows. This last critical point is strengthened by an analysis of the runoff volume limited to the period 2006–2020 from which, in contrast with the results provided by the aforementioned long‐term investigation, an increasing trend has been derived.
Green finance, environmental quality and technological innovation in China
Authors: Su Yan , Lee Chien‐Chiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research analyses the impact of green finance development on the environmental quality of China. It utilises provincial panel data from 2006 to 2021 and takes technological innovation as the intermediary variable. Through the construction of a comprehensive index of green finance, technological innovation and environmental quality, we verify the hypothesis that green finance development does improve environmental quality. Taking innovation as the intermediary variable, this study examines the hypothesis that green finance enhances environmental quality by improving the level of innovation and also illustrates the importance of developing technology‐intensive industries. Heterogeneity analysis shows that different regions or different levels of green financial development have varying effects on environmental improvement. Finally, the findings validate the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) by showing an inverted U‐shape link between green finance and environmental quality. The results herein offer a benchmark for policymakers to further strengthen green finance policy, increase the proportion of green investment and raise the support of green finance for technological innovation, thus improving environmental pollution and promoting sustainable economic development.
Accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT's free version answers about endometriosis
Authors: Ozgor Bahar Yuksel , Simavi Melek Azade 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT's free version answers about endometriosis for the first time.MethodsDetailed internet searches to identify frequently asked questions (FAQs) about endometriosis have been performed. Scientific questions were prepared in accordance with the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) endometriosis guidelines. An experienced gynecologist gave a score of 1–4 for each ChatGPT answer. The repeatability of ChatGPT answers about endometriosis was analyzed by asking each question twice, and the reproducibility of ChatGPT was accepted as scoring the answer to the same question in the same score category.ResultsA total of 91.4% (n = 71) of all FAQs were answered completely, accurately, and sufficiently. ChatGPT had the highest accuracy in the symptom and diagnosis category (94.1%, 16/17 questions) and the lowest accuracy in the treatment category (81.3%, 13/16 questions). Furthermore, of the 40 questions based on the ESHRE endometriosis guidelines, 27 (67.5%) were classified as grade 1, seven (17.5%) as grade 2, and six (15.0%) as grade 3. The reproducibility rate of FAQs in the prevention, symptoms, and diagnosis, and complications categories was the highest (100% for all categories). The reproducibility rate was the lowest for questions based on the ESHRE endometriosis guidelines (70.0%).ConclusionChatGPT accurately and satisfactorily responded to more than 90% of the questions about endometriosis, but to only 67.5% of questions based on the ESHRE endometriosis guidelines.
Pit initiation on biomedical alloys—A review
Authors: Pound Bruce G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBiomedical alloys, like many engineering alloys, have chemical or physical heterogeneities at the surface, and such heterogeneities can potentially act as sites for pit initiation. Alloys of particular interest are 316/316L (and 316LVM) stainless steel, nitinol, and CoCr alloys. This review focuses on the sites—generally inclusions—that have been associated with pitting in various studies of biomedical alloys in simulated physiological solutions. The effect of these sites is discussed in relation to factors such as type and size. For both 316/316L stainless steel and nitinol, pitting has been found to initiate at two different types of inclusions: sulfide and oxide inclusions in stainless steel, and carbide and oxide inclusions in nitinol. Sulfide inclusions tend to be the predominant sites for pitting on 316/316L stainless steel, while there is some evidence to suggest that carbide inclusions may be more effective than oxide inclusions for pitting on nitinol. CoCrMo alloys differ from the other two alloys in that, although particles can be present in the form of carbides, the carbides typically do not provide sites for pit initiation except possibly for alloys with a high‐C content, certain heat treatments, and when anodically polarized to high potentials. CoNiCrMo differs further in that TiN inclusions can be present in the vicinity of pits and might be associated with them, but irrespective of the initiation site, any pits are unlikely to grow because of repassivation.
Glycolipids of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol in Phalaenopsis leaves during growth and spike induction periods form mixed liposomes that enhance the inhibition of Escherichia coli growth
Authors: Tzou Der‐Lii M. , Lee Chia‐Jung , Wu Ying‐Yann , Tang Yu‐Hsuan , Cheng Chien‐Chung 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChemical components in the hexane‐extract mixture from Phalaenopsis leaves were isolated and identified during the spike induction process. Several lipophilic components in the hexane‐extract mixture were isolated and identified as oleic acid, 1,2‐O‐dilinolenoyl‐MGDG, 1‐O‐linolenoyl‐2‐O‐linoleoyl‐MGDG, and α‐tocopherol by HPLC and NMR techniques. It is noteworthy that only one isomer of α‐tocopherol was isolated from Phalaenopsis leaves based on NMR spectra analysis. MGDG have a great potential to be a control factor in the regulation of spike process of Phalaenopsis. It is the first time to identify the chemical MGDG related to temperature‐controlled process of Phalaenopsis. These components have hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in the same molecule to act as potential amphiphiles. The use of the entire mixed hexane extract to form liposomes containing the dmbpyPtCl2 complex greatly enhanced the reactivity of the complex for inhibiting E. coli growth compared with the use of a single amphiphile.
ChromEDA: Chromosome classification by ensemble framework based domain adaptation
Authors: Zhang Lin , Fan Xinyu , Lin Kunjie , Qi Ruikun , Yi Xianpeng , Liu Hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe precise identification of chromosomal abnormalities based on microscopy images in clinics heavily relies on manual analysis by karyotype experts, which is expensive and labor‐intensive. Therefore, there is an urgent need for automatic classification technologies. However, current deep learning‐based methods require a large amount of annotated data to achieve satisfactory performance. Additionally, there are domain shifts between datasets obtained from different instruments and clinical agencies, which hinders the utilization of existing public data resources. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel ensemble learning framework called ChromEDA. This method incorporates soft pseudo‐label learning, adversarial learning, and angle classification learning strategies to mitigate the domain shift. To evaluate its performance, we conducted cross‐domain classification experiments using both public and private datasets. The results demonstrate that ChromEDA effectively addresses the domain shift issue and outperforms existing methods in cross‐domain chromosome classification tasks.Research HighlightsThe research transferred an unsupervised cross‐domain algorithm into the chromosome microscopic image processing area, which can support fast and efficient deployment in equipment such as microscopies. To our knowledge, it is the first domain adaption application in chromosome image analysis.The research designed an ensemble learning framework‐based chromosome classification model to alleviate the domain shift between different domains. It is a combination of soft pseudo‐label learning, adversarial learning, and self‐supervised angle recognition, which can significantly reduce the annotation requirements for chromosomal image processing.The results find that for chromosomes sharing the same centromere position category, banding information may contribute more to within‐group classification. Thus, banding pattern information is encouraged to be considered for more precise classification of chromosomes.
The “Okusuri Charm” movement in Japan: Prescription drug accessories emerging on X (Twitter)
Authors: Ikejiri Tatsuki , Hakariya Hayase , Kai Haruna , Yokoyama Natsuki , Hakariya Arisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn this digital age, social networks may offer an avenue for individuals to obtain drugs illicitly beyond the prescribed amount. Users on X (Twitter)® have ingeniously fabricated fashionable accessories that employ prescription drug sheets, termed “Okusuri Charm”.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study scrutinized the emerging “Okusuri Charm” trend, by searching the term in Japanese on X (Twitter)® and analyzing related posts.ResultsAlongside illegal prescription drug trading, individuals crafted accessories from drug sheets, particularly prescribed psychiatric drugs, and dealt with other users, leading to a growing trend this year.ConclusionsA positive outlook toward this trend is the emergence of a new artistic movement, but a pessimistic viewpoint is the creators' misuse of prescription drugs, potentially fostering illegal drug dealings.
Psychological aspects of rehabilitation nutrition: A position paper by the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition (secondary publication)
Authors: Wakabayashi Hidetaka , Mori Takashi , Nishioka Shinta , Maeda Keisuke , Yoshimura Yoshihiro , Iida Yuki , Shiraishi Ai , Fujiwara Dai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPsychological aspects of rehabilitation nutrition affect physical, cognitive, and social rehabilitation nutrition. When depression is recognized, not only pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, but also non‐pharmacological therapies such as exercise, nutrition, psychosocial, and other interventions can be expected to improve depression. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and intervention without overlooking depression is important. Psychological aspects of preventive rehabilitation nutrition is also important because depression can be partially prevented by appropriate exercise and nutritional management. Even in the absence of psychological negatives, increasing more psychological positives from a positive psychology perspective can be useful for both patients and healthcare professionals. Positive rehabilitation nutrition interventions can increase more psychological positives, such as well‐being, through cognitive‐behavioral therapy and mindfulness on their own, as well as through interventions on environmental factors. Consequently, physical, cognitive, and social positives are also expected to be enhanced.
Early Identification of Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using Multiphase DCE‐MRI by Siamese Network in Breast Cancer: A Longitudinal Multicenter Study
Authors: Huang Yao , Cao Ying , Hu Xiaofei , Lan Xiaosong , Chen Huifang , Tang Sun , Li Lan , Cheng Yue , Gong Xueqin , Wang Wei , Jiang Fujie , Yin Ting , Wang Xiaoxia , Zhang Jiuquan 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundSiamese network (SN) using longitudinal DCE‐MRI for pathologic complete response (pCR) identification lack a unified approach to phases selection.PurposeTo identify pCR in early‐stage NAC, using SN with longitudinal DCE‐MRI and introducing IPS for phases selection.Study TypeMulticenter, longitudinal.PopulationCenter A: 162 female patients (50.63 ± 8.41 years) divided 7:3 into training and internal validation cohorts. Center B: 61 female patients (50.08 ± 7.82 years) were used as an external validation cohort.Field Strength/SequenceCenter A: single vendor 3.0 T with a compressed‐sensing volume interpolated breath‐hold examination sequence. Center B: single vendor 1.5 T with volume interpolated breath‐hold examination sequence.AssessmentPatients underwent DCE‐MRI before and after two NAC cycles, with tumor regions of interest (ROI) manually delineated. Histopathology was the reference for pCR identification. Models developed included a clinical one, four SN models based on IPS‐selected phases, and integrated models combining clinical and SN features.Statistical TestsModel performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The DeLong test was used to compare AUCs. Net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) tests were employed for performance comparison. P < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsIn internal and external validation cohorts, the clinical model showed AUCs of 0.760 and 0.718. SN and integrated models, with increasing phases via IPS, achieved AUCs ranging from 0.813 to 0.951 and 0.818 to 0.922. Notably, SN‐3 and integrated‐3 and integrated‐4 outperformed the clinical model. However, input phases beyond 20% did not significantly enhance performance (IDI test: SN‐4 vs. SN‐3, P = 0.314 and 0.630; integrated‐4 vs. integrated‐3, P = 0.785 and 0.709).Data ConclusionThe longitudinal multiphase DCE‐MRI based on the SN demonstrates promise for identifying pCR in breast cancer.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 4
An analytical approach for on‐site analysis of breath samples for Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
Authors: Henion Jack , Hao Changtong , Eikel Daniel , Beck Olof , Stambeck Peter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIncreased acceptance of cannabis containing the psychoactive component, Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), raises concerns about the potential for impaired drivers and increased highway accidents. In contrast to the “breathalyzer” test, which is generally accepted for determining the alcohol level in a driver, there is no currently accepted roadside test for THC in a motorist. There is a need for an easily collectible biological sample from a potentially impaired driver coupled with an accurate on‐site test to measure the presence and quantity of THC in a driver. A novel breath collection device is described, which includes three separate sample collectors for collecting identical A, B, and C breath samples from a subject. A simple one‐step ethanol extraction of the “A” breath collector sample can be analyzed by UHPLC/selected ion monitoring (SIM) liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) to provide qualitative and quantitative determination of THC in breath sample in less than 4 min for samples collected up to 6 h after smoking a cannabis cigarette. SIM LC/MS bioanalyses employed d3‐THC as the stable isotope internal standard fortified in negative control breath samples for quantitation including replicates of six calibrator standards and three quality control (QC) samples. Subsequent confirmation of the same breath sample in the B collectors was then confirmed by a reference lab by LC/MS/MS analysis. Fit‐for‐purpose bioanalytical validation consistent with pharmaceutical regulated bioanalyses produced pharmacokinetic (PK) curves for the two volunteer cannabis smokers. These results produced PK curves, which showed a rapid increase of THC in the breath of the subjects in the first hour followed by reduced THC levels in the later time points. A simpler single‐point calibration curve procedure with calibrators and QC prepared in ethanol provided similar results. Limitations to this approach include the higher cost and operator skill sets for the instrumentation employed and the inability to actually determine driver impairment.