bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalized treatment in localized pancreatic cancer
Authors: Neoptolemos John P. , Hu Kai , Bailey Peter , Springfeld Christoph , Cai Baobao , Miao Yi , Michalski Christoph , Carvalho Carlos , Hackert Thilo , Büchler Markus W. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe treatment elements used for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) include surgical resection, systemic cytotoxic agents, and targeted drugs. For second- and third-line therapies in PDAC, approximately 15% of patients have actionable mutations although only 2.5% receive matched targeted treatment but with a significant improvement in survival of around 16 months. For the majority of PDAC patients the current most effective strategy is surgical resection of the primary tumor and systemic combination chemotherapy. The chemotherapy regimens and the order of delivery relative to the resection reference point have been based to a large extent on randomized trials using a newly developed empirical staging (Em) system. Although the reductionist TNM based AJCC and UICC systems work well for pathology staging, they are less accurate and less manageable for treatment decision-making. This Em system defines locally resectable (EmR), borderline resectable (EmBR), and unresectable (EmUR) stages, plus the emerging entity of oligometastatic disease (EmOm). For EmR patients, 6 months of adjuvant chemotherapy achieves 5‑year survival rates of 30–50%. In EmBR short-course (2 months) neoadjuvant plus 6‑month adjuvant chemotherapy increases 12-month survival rates to around 77%, compared to 40% for upfront surgery, despite resection rates of 64–85% and 75%, respectively. Longer-course (4 months) neoadjuvant chemotherapy has also been shown to achieve an 18-month overall survival of 67%. In EmUR, induction therapy (3–6 months) may result in resections rates of 20–60% with significantly improved survival rates compared to no resection. For all stages including the polymetastatic (EmPm) setting, patients with good performance status receive combination chemotherapies based on either oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX or NALIRIFOX) or gemcitabine (GEM-CAP, or Gem-NabP). Molecular subtypes (Moffitt, Collisson, Bailey, and Cheng-Sen-Yue) are shown to be associated with treatment responses. Transcriptomic signatures have also been developed as classifiers for determining either oxaliplatin- or gemcitabine-based therapies (PurIST, Tiriac, GemPred+, and ESPAC) and are being evaluated in various studies. Most notably the ESPAC transcriptomic signature is being used as the treatment classifier in the experimental arms of the randomized ESPAC6 adjuvant trial in EmR patients and the ESPAC7 induction therapy trial in EmUR patients. Genomic and transcriptomic profiling at baseline and over time is an integral part of ESPAC6/7 to deepen our understanding of tumor plasticity during the course of therapy, identifying the intrinsic (persister cell) and acquired (genetic) tumor plasticity evolving over time and in reaction to different therapies in order to enable a scientific approach to overcoming clonal-resistance clades.
Food justice in community supported agriculture – differentiating charitable and emancipatory social support actions
Authors: Parot Jocelyn , Wahlen Stefan , Schryro Judith , Weckenbrock Philipp 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCommunity Supported Agriculture (CSA) seeks to address injustices in the food system by supporting small-scale farmers applying agroecological practices through a long-term partnership: a community of members covers the cost of production and receives a share of the harvest throughout the season in return. Despite an orientation towards a more just and inclusive food system, the existing literature points towards a rather homogeneous membership in CSA. A majority of CSAs tends to involve (upper) middle-class consumers with above average education and income levels. Low income is still a major obstacle in joining a CSA. Membership diversification through social support actions is one possible way. Our main objective is to systematize and appraise social support actions of the CSA movement. Taking the CSA principles as a starting point, our main research question is: How do social support actions in CSAs operate in terms of social inclusion and what obstacles and challenges are associated with them? The theory of strategic action fields assists in describing how the CSA movement is positioning itself as an actor in and across neighboring strategic action fields. The CSA movement is clearly positioned in the Food Sovereignty field. By shifting the focus from justice to farmers to justice for members, the CSA movement is now also exploring the Food Justice field. Indeed, the CSAs’ contribution to the food justice movement is still largely uncharted. In our results, we identify both social support actions that are already implemented in the CSA movement in different countries, and the challenges that are associated with these actions. We pinpoint a classification of social support actions implemented by CSA organizers to increase access to their initiatives. We make a distinction between the emancipatory actions that empower beneficiaries and contribute to a systemic change, and punctual, charitable interventions that neither affect the structure of a CSA nor the food system.
How many people will live in poverty because of climate change? A macro-level projection analysis to 2070
Authors: Moyer Jonathan D. , Pirzadeh Audrey , Irfan Mohammod , Solórzano José , Stone Barbara , Xiong Yutang , Hanna Taylor , Hughes Barry B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFossil fuel-based economic development both causes climate change and contributes to poverty alleviation, creating tensions across societal efforts to maintain growth, limit climate damage, and improve human development. While many studies explore key aspects of this dilemma, few direct attention to the pathways from climate change through socioeconomic development to the future of poverty. We build on projections of global temperature change (representative concentration pathways) and country-specific economic development (economic growth and income distribution across the shared socioeconomic pathways) to model how climate change may affect future poverty with the International Futures (IFs) model, projecting poverty across income thresholds for 175 countries through 2070. Central tendency scenarios with climate effects compared with scenarios that do not model climate change show that climate change-attributable extreme poverty will grow to 25 million people by 2030 (range: 18 to 30), 40 million by 2050 (range: 9 to 78), and 32 million by 2070 (range: 4 to 130) though overall levels of global poverty decline. If climatic tipping points are passed, the climate-attributable extreme poverty grows to 57 million people by 2030 (range: 40–72), 78 million by 2050 (range: 18–193), and 56 million by 2070 (range: 7–306). To mitigate baseline effects of climate change on extreme poverty, an improvement of global income inequality of 10% is required (range: 5–15%).
Applying automated machine translation to educational video courses
Authors: Wang Linden 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe studied the capability of automated machine translation in the online video education space by automatically translating Khan Academy videos with state-of-the-art translation models and applying text-to-speech synthesis and audio/video synchronization to build engaging videos in target languages. We also analyzed and established two reliable translation confidence estimators based on round-trip translations in order to efficiently manage translation quality and reduce human translation effort. Finally, we developed a deployable system to deliver translated videos to end users and collect user corrections for iterative improvement.
Differing field methods and site conditions lead to varying bias in suspended sediment concentrations in the Lower Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers
Authors: Murphy J. , Schafer L. , Mize S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAt sites that have been sampled for decades, changes in field and laboratory methods happen over time as instrumentation and protocols improve. Here, we compare the influence of depth- and point-integrated sampling on total, fine (< 0.0625 mm), and coarse (≥ 0.0625 mm) suspended sediment (SS) concentrations in the Lower Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers. Using historical field method information, we identified seven sites to test such differences. We found SS samples collected using point-integration tended to have higher concentrations than those collected using depth-integration. However, the presence and magnitude of the bias were inconsistent across sites. Bias was present at the site with less-than-ideal conditions (i.e., non-trapezoidal channel, non-uniform flow) and non-existent at the ideal site location, indicating the bias between sampling methods depends on site sampling conditions. When present, the bias is greater at higher concentrations and at moderate to high flows. At the less-than-ideal site, point-integrated samples can have 16% (total) and 34% (coarse) higher concentrations than depth-integrated samples. When flow effects are removed, this translates to a bias of 19, 9, and 8 mg per liter for total, fine, and coarse SS. When a change in field methods occurs, comparison samples and a rigorous evaluation of those samples are warranted to determine the proper course of action for a particular site. Often, the effect and solution will not be known until several years of comparison samples have been collected under a variety of hydrologic conditions.
Promoting Sustainable Well-Being Through Nature-Based Interventions for Young People in Precarious Situations: Implications for Social work. A Systematic Review
Authors: Obeng James Kutu , Kangas Katja , Stamm Ingo , Tolvanen Anne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrecarious situations disproportionately affect the well-being of young people. Social workers are concerned with sustainable ways to improve young people’s well-being, and nature-based interventions are proposed as sustainable solutions. We used a systematic review approach to identify how nature-based interventions can promote sustainable well-being. A literature search generated 1753 results, from which 49 peer-reviewed articles were selected for analysis. Young people in precarious situations (i) had underlying social, emotional, and mental health needs that put them at risk of disengaging from education or employment and (ii) were not in education or employment. The most common intervention was wilderness therapy, followed by animal-assisted interventions, outdoor adventure interventions, horticultural interventions, care farming, environmental conservation, surfing therapy, and sustainable construction. The reviewed literature indicates that nature-based interventions promote sustainable well-being by (i) ensuring that well-being was interconnected with environmental, social, and economic sustainability, (ii) fostering connectedness with nature, and (iii) producing enduring outcomes. We further used the Having-Doing-Loving-Being model of sustainable well-being to interpret well-being outcomes, concluding that nature-based interventions enhance young people’s relationship with society and nature. Implications for social work include collaborating with other experts to implement nature-based interventions to address well-being problems, advocacy for the introduction of nature-based activities into schools and recognition of nature-based interventions as alternative avenues for meaningful participation.
Problems with the determination of activation energy as function of the reacted fraction from thermoanalytical experiments
Authors: Várhegyi Gábor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe so-called compensation effect is well known between the activation energy, E, and the pre-exponential factor, A. The present work shows by examples that much higher compensation effects may arise when E and A vary with the reacted fraction. For this purpose, a set of five simulated experiments were constructed by first-order kinetics with E = 200 kJ mol−1 at a wide range of heating rates. These data were evaluated by the method of least squares assuming E and A as functions of the reacted fraction. Such E functions were found which highly differed from a constant E while described well the evaluated data. They included a linearly increasing E and several parabolic E functions. The observed effects may contribute to the contradictory kinetic parameters that were reported in the literature of the isoconversional (“model-free”) studies. It was found that the compensation effects between E and A functions can be 8–11 times higher than between E and A values.
Automotive fault nowcasting with machine learning and natural language processing
Authors: Pavlopoulos John , Romell Alv , Curman Jacob , Steinert Olof , Lindgren Tony , Borg Markus , Randl Korbinian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAutomated fault diagnosis can facilitate diagnostics assistance, speedier troubleshooting, and better-organised logistics. Currently, most AI-based prognostics and health management in the automotive industry ignore textual descriptions of the experienced problems or symptoms. With this study, however, we propose an ML-assisted workflow for automotive fault nowcasting that improves on current industry standards. We show that a multilingual pre-trained Transformer model can effectively classify the textual symptom claims from a large company with vehicle fleets, despite the task’s challenging nature due to the 38 languages and 1357 classes involved. Overall, we report an accuracy of more than 80% for high-frequency classes and above 60% for classes with reasonable minimum support, bringing novel evidence that automotive troubleshooting management can benefit from multilingual symptom text classification.
Strong correlations in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Ruan Wei , Zhang Yuanbo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSince the discovery of graphene, the development of two-dimensional material research has enabled the exploration of a rich variety of exotic quantum phenomena that are not accessible in bulk materials. These two-dimensional materials offer a unique platform to build novel quantum devices. Layered transition metal dichalcogenides, when thinned down to atomic thicknesses, exhibit intriguing physical properties such as strong electron correlations. The study of strongly-correlated phenomena in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides has been a major research frontier in condensed matter physics. In this article, we review recent progress on strongly-correlated phenomena in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, including Mott insulators, quantum spin liquids, and Wigner crystals. These topics represent a rapidly developing research area, where tremendous opportunities exist in discovering exotic quantum phenomena, and in exploring their applications for future electronic devices.
Hematopoiesis in the spleen after engraftment in unrelated cord blood transplantation evaluated by 18F-FLT PET imaging
Authors: Araie Hiroaki , Hosono Naoko , Tsujikawa Tetsuya , Kiyono Yasushi , Okazawa Hidehiko , Yamauchi Takahiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCord blood is an important donor source for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), with its unique composition and quality of hematopoietic cells. The proliferation site and potency of infused hematopoietic stem cells in humans may vary between stem cell sources. We investigated this possibility in a prospective, exploratory study to assess hematopoietic dynamics using the radiopharmaceutical 3′-deoxy-3′-18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT), a thymidine analog used in positron emission tomography imaging, before allo-HSCT and on days 50 and 180 after allo-HSCT. We evaluated 11 patients with hematological malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT [five with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) and six with unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT)]. Before allo-HSCT, 18F-FLT uptake did not differ between the two groups. At day 50, 18F-FLT uptake in the spleen was significantly greater in the UCBT group than in the PBSCT group (p = 0.0043), with no difference in whole-body bone marrow. At day 180, the differences in spleen uptake had diminished, and there were no differences between groups in whole-body bone marrow or the spleen, except for the sternum. The persistence of splenic hematopoiesis after engraftment in the UCBT group may reflect the complex systemic homing and proliferation mechanisms of cord blood hematopoietic cells.
Numerical analysis of tooling design for extruding wide aluminium hollow profiles using multi-container extrusion technology
Authors: Lv Jiaxin , Shi Zhusheng , Yu Junquan , Li Weishu , Lin Jianguo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecently a novel multi-container extrusion method has been proposed and proved feasible to simultaneously extrude multiple billets for producing thin-walled wide profiles with reduced force by experiments. Due to its different die structure compared to conventional extrusion methods, the effects of tooling geometries on the multi-container extrusion performance should be comprehensively analysed as the base of die design optimisation. In this study, the original three-container extrusion design and six modified designs were established to investigate the influence of three key geometrical variables, including container diameter, upper die height and welding chamber height, on the extrusion performance through finite element simulation. The considered extrusion performances include metal flow uniformity, extrusion force, welding pressure, die lifetime and material yield. The drawbacks of the original die design were revealed after the primary analysis of the key influencing variables and a three-step way of design improvement was proposed accordingly. Container block and upper die were optimised for the first step; welding chamber height and die bearing length were modified during the second and third steps respectively. Compared with the original design, the final optimised design can decrease the unevenness of the extrudate front shape by 75% and double the material yield, while the extrusion force, die lifetime and welding quality were basically unchanged.
Generation of Connective Tissue-Free Microvascular Fragment Isolates from Subcutaneous Fat Tissue of Obese Mice
Authors: Meßner Friederike C. , Metzger Wolfgang , Marschall Julia E. , Bickelmann Caroline , Menger Michael D. , Laschke Matthias W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Microvascular fragment (MVF) isolates are generated by short-term enzymatic digestion of adipose tissue and contain numerous vessel segments for the vascularization of tissue defects. Recent findings indicate that the functionality of these isolates is determined by the quality of the fat source. Therefore, we compared MVF isolates from subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese and lean mice.

METHODS:
MVF isolates were generated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of donor mice, which received a high fat or control diet for 12 weeks. The isolates were analyzed in vitro and in vivo.

RESULTS:
Feeding of mice with a high fat diet induced obesity with adipocyte hypertrophy, resulting in a significantly lower collagen fraction and microvessel density within the subcutaneous fat depots when compared to lean controls. Accordingly, MVF isolates from obese mice also contained a reduced number of MVF per mL adipose tissue. However, these MVF tended to be longer and, in contrast to MVF from lean mice, were not contaminated with collagen fibers. Hence, they could be freely seeded onto collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds, whereas MVF from lean controls were trapped in between large amounts of collagen fibers that clogged the pores of the scaffolds. In line with these results, scaffolds seeded with MVF isolates from obese mice exhibited a significantly improved in vivo vascularization after implantation into full-thickness skin defects.

CONCLUSION:
Subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese mice facilitates the generation of connective tissue-free MVF isolates. Translated to clinical conditions, these findings suggest that particularly obese patients may benefit from MVF-based vascularization strategies.
Driving behaviors and related factors on emerging adults: a narrative review
Authors: Gao Xiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent studies have linked driving licensure, delay in driving licensure, and driving exposure to alcohol and drug use, parental monitoring, and peer influence. Early licensure and increased driving exposure were linked to higher alcohol and drug use, while parental monitoring knowledge may be associated with lower use. Health, education, and employment also may be affected, with early licensure and increased driving exposure linked to better outcomes. To reduce use among emerging adults, parents must equip them with effective prevention knowledge and be mindful of driving exposure and delay. Investing in programs to promote licensure and driving may help emerging adults obtain better health and prosperity, although the potential advantages of driving privileges must be balanced against earlier and greater driving exposure to alcohol and drug use.
Questioning legal personhood: a critique of the legal and jurisprudential underpinnings of EU immigration and asylum law
Authors: Velluti Samantha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing the lens of immigration and asylum, this Article develops a new understanding of legal personhood on the basis of equal human dignity, as the interface between legal personhood, equality and human rights, in order to address the dual-faceted and opposing reality of immigrants and asylum claimants in relation to their equality as humans in the order of nature and their inequality within the social/political order of Europe, where they are subjected to a constant process of depersonification and reification. This reformulated approach to legal personhood not only seeks to remove the debasement and dehumanisation that has come to characterise European Union (EU) immigration and asylum law but also intends to address the limitations of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) as a valid platform for translating the EU’s own self-proclaimed commitment to human rights into justiciable normative claims.
Our Sex's Rights Have Seen Such Autocratic Treatment: Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht on Women's Rights
Authors: Amundsen Bergström Matilda 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article discusses Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht's (1718–63) poem Fruentimrets Försvar, Emot J. J. Rousseau Medborgare i Genève (Nordenflycht 1761) [Defense of the female sex against J. J. Rousseau, citizen of Geneva], written as a response to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Lettre sur les spectacles (1758; in Rousseau 1968). Heretofore, Nordenflycht's poem has been considered primarily from the perspective of national literary and intellectual history, but here it is maintained that the poem should be related to the context of the European Enlightenment. Specifically, I argue that Nordenflycht uses key political concepts to create an argument for women's rights as a form of natural, human rights. By focusing on Nordenflycht's contentions regarding natural equality and artificial inequality, the tyrannical treatment of women, and women's right to liberty and occupations, this article elucidates how a woman writer from the periphery of the Enlightenment had created and presented, by the 1760s, a sustained argument—in verse—for female liberty in public life, for the benefit not only of women but of all humankind.