bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beeindruckend, was Placebo- und Nocebo-Effekte bewirken
können!
Authors: Richter Michael 
Published: December 2023

Sehr geehrte Leserinnen und Leser,mit großem Interesse habe ich vor Jahren einen Artikel zum Thema
„Förderung von Placebo und Vermeidung von Nocebo“ in der
Zeitschrift „Manual Therapy“ 1
gelesen und mir unmittelbar gewünscht, dass dieser Artikel in mehreren
Sprachen erscheinen würde und so vielen Therapeut*innen
zugänglich wäre.
Reshaping the Face and Neck via the Deep Plane Approaches is Appropriate for the More Youthful as Well as the More Aged Face
Authors: Azizzadeh Babak , Deot Neal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRhytidectomy has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, particularly in the realms deep plane facelift and more aggressive neck contouring. As the procedures have become increasingly intricate and invasive, the imperative to develop refined tools and methodologies has risen. These tools and methods are essential not only for the evaluation of aesthetic outcomes but also for the comprehensive assessment of inherent risks and the holistic enhancement of patients' quality of life.
Creation and Evaluation of a Clinical Informatics Match: Initial Findings
Authors: Hron Jonathan D. , Lehmann Christoph U. , Long S. Wesley , Pageler Natalie M. , Kannry Joseph , Levy Bruce , Leu Michael G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Clinical Informatics (CI) fellowship programs utilize the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) to gather applications but until recently used an American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) member-developed, simultaneous offer–acceptance process to match fellowship applicants to programs. In 2021, program directors collaborated with the AMIA to develop a new match to improve the process.
Objective Describe the results of the first 2 years of the match and address opportunities for improvement.
Methods We obtained applicant data for fellowship applicants in 2021 and 2022 from the ERAS and match data for the same years from the AMIA. We analyzed our data using descriptive statistics.
Results There were 159 unique applicants over the 2-year period. Applicants submitted 2,178 applications with a median of 10 per applicant (interquartile range [IQR] 3–20). One hundred and four applicants (65.4%) participated in the match and ranked a median of seven programs (2–12). Forty-two programs in 2021 and 47 programs in 2022 offered a combined total 153 positions in the match. Participating programs ranked a median of eight applicants per year (IQR 5–11). Of participating applicants, 95 (91.3%) successfully matched and of those 66 (69.5%) received their top choice. Thirty-two programs (76.2%) matched at least one candidate in 2021 and 33 programs (70.2%) matched at least one candidate in 2022. In both years, 24 programs filled all available slots (57.1% in 2021 and 51.1% in 2022).
Conclusion Applicants were extremely successful in the new match, which successfully addressed most of the challenges of the simultaneous offer–acceptance process identified by program directors. However, applicant attrition resulted in a quarter of programs going unmatched. Although many programs still filled slots outside the match, fellowship slots may remain unfilled while the CI practice pathway remains open.
How Safe are Outpatient Electronic Health Records? An Evaluation of Medication-Related Decision Support using the Ambulatory Electronic Health Record Evaluation Tool
Authors: Co Zoe , Classen David C. , Cole Jessica M. , Seger Diane L. , Madsen Randy , Davis Terrance , McGaffigan Patricia , Bates David W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background The purpose of the Ambulatory Electronic Health Record (EHR) Evaluation Tool is to provide outpatient clinics with an assessment that they can use to measure the ability of the EHR system to detect and prevent common prescriber errors. The tool consists of a medication safety test and a medication reconciliation module.
Objectives The goal of this study was to perform a broad evaluation of outpatient medication-related decision support using the Ambulatory EHR Evaluation Tool.
Methods We performed a cross-sectional study with 10 outpatient clinics using the Ambulatory EHR Evaluation Tool. For the medication safety test, clinics were provided test patients and associated medication test orders to enter in their EHR, where they recorded any advice or information they received. Once finished, clinics received an overall percentage score of unsafe orders detected and individual order category scores. For the medication reconciliation module, clinics were asked to electronically reconcile two medication lists, where modifications were made by adding and removing medications and changing the dosage of select medications.
Results For the medication safety test, the mean overall score was 57%, with the highest score being 70%, and the lowest score being 40%. Clinics performed well in the drug allergy (100%), drug dose daily (85%), and inappropriate medication combinations (74%) order categories. Order categories with the lowest performance were drug laboratory (10%) and drug monitoring (3%). Most clinics (90%) scored a 0% in at least one order category. For the medication reconciliation module, only one clinic (10%) could reconcile medication lists electronically; however, there was no clinical decision support available that checked for drug interactions.
Conclusion We evaluated a sample of ambulatory practices around their medication-related decision support and found that advanced capabilities within these systems have yet to be widely implemented. The tool was practical to use and identified substantial opportunities for improvement in outpatient medication safety.
Roles of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Tumor Environment and Strategies for Targeting Therapy
Authors: Liu Meng-Qi , Zhang Jia-Wei , Zhu Jian-Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute a significant component of the tumor microenvironment. This work reviewed the latest progress in comprehending the function of TAMs and their strategies for cancer therapy. TAMs are highly heterogeneous and plastic and exhibit different functional phenotypes in response to different signal stimuli. The emergence of single-cell technologies allows us to revisit their diversity in cancer. When their pro-inflammatory function is activated, antitumor TAMs support and activate adaptive immune cells to eliminate cancer cells through T cell-mediated killing. In the context of cancer, anti-inflammatory TAMs play a variety of pro-tumor functions, such as releasing cytokines to promote the recruitment of bone marrow cells, promoting tumor angiogenesis, and inhibiting cytotoxic T cell function. The plasticity of TAMs makes them a potential tumor therapeutic target, so finally, we updated strategies for targeting TAMs and the TAM-targeting agents currently being evaluated in clinical trials.
Rickety democracies
Authors: O’Connor-Farfan Kate S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article addresses the narrative and discursive structures underlying popular Peruvian political phrases
disseminated through social media, word-of-mouth communication and mainstream media between 2016 and 2022. One goal is to reveal
how these constructions suggest patterns of interaction and societal weaknesses. Another goal is to propose a qualitative approach
using a narrative semiotics perspective to analyze the structure of these types of objects of study. Four relevant interconnected
structures were distinguished: (1) structures of generalized and (2) compartmentalized distrust
and (3) structures of vertical and (4) horizontal shame. They all serve to understand how the
generalization of distrust and the rise of horizontal shaming in Peru expose the incoherence between a publicized democratic image
and a reality characterized by deep social fractures.
Effect of some Environmental Factors on the Distribution and Spread of Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. in Basrah Governorate
Authors: Tuaih Haneen Faesal , Al-Asadi Widad M. T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted during the period from October 2021 to November 2022, and four stations were selected: Hammar Musharraf, Al-Tuba, Artawi and Safwan, which are located in the southern desert of Basra Governorate, during which the distribution of the Artemisia scoparia plant was determined and the physical and chemical properties affecting it were studied. Heavy elements were also measured for the summer seasons. And winter for the two stations of Safwan and Hammar Musharraf. The highest air temperature was recorded at 49 C in July in Safwan station, and the lowest was 10 C in January for most of the study stations. As for the soil temperature, the highest was 46.2 C in the month of August in Al-Tuba station, and the lowest was 12 C in January in Safwan. As for air and soil humidity, the highest percentage was 62% and 10.2% in January at Hammar Musharraf station, and the lowest was 0.1% in June and September at Safwan and Artawi stations, respectively. The highest value of pH was recorded for the soil of the studied stations, which was 8.58 in Al-Tuba station in July, and the lowest was 6.01 in December in Hammar Musharraf. The highest soil salinity was 8.81 mg/L in Safwan in July, and the lowest was 0.01 mg/L in Hammar Musharraf and Al-Tuba in November and December, respectively. As for the organic matter, it was the highest of 0.13 gm in Hammar Musharraf in January, and the lowest was 0.01 gm in Artawi and Al-Tuba for most months of the year. As for the heavy elements, the highest presence in the soil of the aluminum element was recorded in Safwan, which amounted to 264.105 ppm in the summer, followed by the iron element of the same station in the summer as well, as its concentration reached 228.761 ppm, while the lowest concentration was in a donkey honorable in the winter of arsenic. It reached 0.005 ppm, and the highest concentration was in the summer of Safwan station, with a concentration of 57.4463 ppm, while the lowest concentration was in winter, with a concentration of 33.9196 ppm in Safwan. As for the concentrations of heavy elements in plants, the highest and lowest concentrations of zinc were recorded in Safwan in the summer and winter seasons, which amounted to 14.7 and 0.002 ppm, respectively. Winter season, with a concentration of 1.3902.
Classification of Aerosols Types Over Iraq, using MODIS Date
Authors: Zeki Khawla N. , Al-Salihi Ali M. , Al-Lami Alaa M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe optical properties of aerosols are derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations for the period 2003–2021 at seventeen regions in Iraq, which were used to determine the different types of aerosols using threshold values based on Aerosols Optical Depth (AOD) and Angstrom Exponent (AE), seasonal aerosol classification was performed. This approach was verified and used in the detection process. Six aerosols categories: maritime, dust, mixture, urban, dust desert, and biomass burning were examined in this study. The result indicates that dust is most frequently detected in the summer and spring seasons, while the maritime type is most common in the winter and autumn, with wide variability in mixture type. The relative contribution during the winter months revealed a clear predominance of Maritime-type aerosols in the northern part of Iraq. Maximum contributions recorded in Erbil (93%), and Sulaymaniyah (90%). The maximum relative contributions of dust are found in the range of 71%–77% over Qaim and Haditha, while the southern regions of Iraq have a percentage ranging from 54%–65% in the summer season. The results of the monthly classification of aerosol type indicate that dust type are overhead maritime aerosols between March and September in the west, northwest, and south regions of Iraq. The highest contribution of desert dust was recorded in Basra, 60% during July and August. The maximum urban type was recorded at 50% in Baghdad in June. Biomass-burning type contribution was very little.
Assessment of the Euphrates River’s Water Quality at a Some Sites in the Iraqi Governorates of Babylon and Karbala
Authors: Khlaif Baraa Majid , Al-Hassany Jinan S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The majority of third-world nations with rivers running through them struggle with the issue of contaminated water. It is believed to be a very difficult challenge to get the water quality below the typical permitted levels for drinking, as well as for industrial and agricultural reasons, is thought to be a very difficult challenge. This study aims to assess the quality of water available to the governorates of Karbala and Babylon. measuring water quality with the water quality index It expresses the water quality as a single number by comparing results from the analysis of a number of physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters with current norms. The National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI), the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCMEWQI), the Oregon Water Quality Index (OWQI), the Weight Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI), the IRCA water quality index, and The Iraqi Water Quality Index (Iraqi WQI), which was used for irrigation and drinking, will all be compared in this context. Twenty one parameters were analyzed, including pH, EC, TDS, Tem, DO, BOD, COD, NO3, Alkalinity, CL, TH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, B, SO4, Salinity, TOC, E.Coli., Total coliform. The results for five stations during three season ranged between medium and excellent for the NSF classification, while ranged between poor-marginal in CCME classification, the results were for OWQI classification between poor-fair-excellent, in WAWQI classification the results were within unsuitable to excellent, IRCA classification indicated that all stations fall within sanitary infeasible and in the last IRAQI classification the results were between very bad to bad for drinking water as for irrigation of agricultural lands, it is not acceptable for irrigation.
Petroleum’s Influence on the Aquatic Environment
Authors: Al-Robai Hazim Aziz , Jasim Dheyaa J. , Jassam Safiyya A. , Jasim Hayder M. , Ameen Hawzhen Fateh M. , Al-Rubaye Ameer H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aquifer, rivers, or lakes are frequently employed as the local sources of water that the petroleum industry uses to drill and hydraulically fracture wells, refine and process petroleum, and create electricity in certain natural gas-based power plants. Oil residues, chemicals from hydraulic fracturing and drilling fluids, and naturally occurring pollutants from the rocks themselves may all be present in the water that is generated along with petroleum. It is also frequently naturally salty. The environmental effects of petroleum activities may change a range of ecological characteristics, such as biodiversity, biomass, and productivity, which may then affect specific species, populations, assemblages, or ecosystems. There are two basic types of long-term and short-term impacts of petroleum contamination in water. The difficulties produced by point pollution in aquatic ecosystems have come to light due to the impact of petroleum compounds on living organisms in aquatic environments.
Exogenous Melatonin Regulates Superoxide Dismutase Gene Expression and Enzymatic Activity in Response to Pathogenic Fungi in Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill
Authors: Alawi Shaymaa H. , Alfalahi Ayoob O. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMelatonin is a pleiotropic molecule known to play a key role in plant growth and development, as well as biotic and/or abiotic stress responses. However, melatonin specific effects on the plant defense system, particularly SOD activity are still an area of ongoing research. The results indicated a clear effect of the applied melatonin concentration in shaping the entire response to the biotic oxidative stress resulted from the two pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. The higher concentration of melatonin had a greater effect on both gene expression and SOD enzymatic activity, which indicates the melatonin importance in stimulating the defense system of soybean plants through which soybean plants try to manage the excessive ROS accumulation in response to pathogenic fungi. The different varieties showed different ability to cope with biotic stress of pathogenic fungi, especially the antioxidants enzymatic activity. Al-Shaimaa variety proved to have the most effective SOD gene expression and enzymatic activity compared to the other two Senaya22 and Lee74 soybean varieties. Melatonin concentrations in its maximum level (300 μM), was more effective in promoting the antioxidant activity in term of gene expression and enzymatic activity of SOD. Interestingly, R. solani had a greater effect on the antioxidant defense system, as it resulted in higher levels of SOD gene expression and enzymatic activity in the three soybean varieties. Further investigation maybe required to better understand the melatonin role in inducing plant antioxidant system, thus the possible protective mechanisms against plant pathogens.
Effect of Diatomaceous Earth (DE) Against the Stored Product Beetles, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Al Hab Rusl Kareem Abo , Al-Zurfi Sienaa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Studies on the control of the saw-toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis with a commercial formulation of the Diatomaceous Earth or diatomite (D); (silicon dioxide made up of fossilised diatoms) were carried out at the Entomology Laboratory at a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%, and ambient temperature of 28 ± 2 °C. Laboratory experiments were applied to assess the efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth dust; silicon dioxide commercially on 2nd-5th instar larvae and adults of O. surinamensis. Three concentrations of Diatomaceous Earth (DE) were weighed (2, 3, and 4 grams), and each concentration was mixed with 100 grams of amber rice grains. Beetles were fed on amber rice grains treated with (DE). The results showed that Diatomaceous Earth (DE) was significantly effective at all tested concentrations after 7 days post-treatment. Nevertheless, susceptibility showed visible significant differences in the mortality level on the last day of the tests between adults, 2nd, 5th instar larvae which were treated with three (DE) concentrations. Adults were least susceptible, while 2nd and 5th instar larvae were most susceptible to DE. All Diatomaceous Earth (DE) was significant and more effective on insect life at a higher concentration of 4 g/100 kg, where the mortality proportion was 100%, 99.50% for 2nd, and 5th instar larvae, respectively, and 97.50% for an adult after 5 days post-treatment. However, all O. surinamensis life stages’ mortality percentages reached 100% after 7 days post-treatment. Consequently, due to the effectiveness of this Diatomaceous Earth on different life stages of O. surinamensis, they could be recommended for the management of this insect. Furthermore, to achieve more effective control over this beetle, formulation of the Diatomaceous Earth (DE); Silicon dioxide, could be used since it appeared to be most effective and consistence in its action against different life stages of the beetle. Lastly, the possibility of using Diatomaceous earth to manage stored-product insects has been debated.
Efficacy of some Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Tomato Leaf Miner Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Iraq
Authors: Issa Jaafar A. , Matrood Abdulnabi A. , Al-Farttoosy Alaa H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The most important tool for biological management of several insect pests is entomopathogenic fungi. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana and Chaetomium globosum as biological agents against Tuta absoluta. According to the findings, B. bassiana and C. globosium may be able to influence T. absoluta larvae’s eggs and third instar. By extending the duration and concentration, the fungus became more active. B. bassiana has had the greatest death rates after 7 days in the eggs and the third instar of the insect by 83.86% and 68.3% at 2 ×107 conidia mL-1, respectively.. This score was significantly differs to the C. globosium reached 60.09%and 31.7% in the destruction both eggs and the 3rd larvae-instar respectively. The outcomes also confirmed that the fungal colonies of both fungi isolated from leaves after 10 days of the application. The highest colony percentage belongs to the C. globosium 32.29% with a significant difference to the B. bassiana by 23.26%. The presence of both fungal colonies had a significant effect on the eggs, larvae, and pupae period development. Consequently, the weight of the pupal was influenced compared to the control. The B. bassiana has supremacy in comparison to the C. globosium and the control treatment. A gradual decrease has been shown in the proportion of the two fungal colonies tomato leaves after 30th days. The lowest level score was 4.17% and 9.37% for both B. bassiana and C. globosium respectively.
Study of the Effect of Trifloralin Herbicide, Seed Rate and Planting Distances in Controlling Broad-Leaf Weeds Associated with Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under the Conservation Agriculture System
Authors: Hayawi Jassim Abdullah , Hamad Abdulmueen Shabeeb , Sultan Fatimah Ibrahim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted in the fields of one of the farmers in order to control the broad Weeds associated with the wheat crop by chemical and agricultural methods and with a conservative cultivation system for the seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020, and the study included three factors: the first factor is the Trifloraline herbicide and at two levels (0, 1248) cm3 / ha, the second factor rates the effectiveness of the herbicide, and the third factor rates the effectiveness of the cultivation system. Important findings are summarized below. The study was conducted using the system of global experiments in the split-split plots, with seeding at three levels (80, 100, and 120) kg / ha, and the third factor, planting distances at two levels (15 and 30) cm between the lines, with design of complete random sectors and with three replications; Herbicide treatment reduced all traits significantly compared to comparison treatment. Seeding rate increased broad-leaf weeds and side branches and decreased bush susceptible leaf dry weight. All traits improved at 30 cm between planting lines. Interaction achieved. In the second season, the herbicide treatment and 120 kg/ha seed rate reduced broadleaf weed dry weight. The herbicide treatment and 15-cm distance reduced all traits and seasons. In the second season, the interaction between the seed rate of 120 kg/ha and the distance of 15 cm between the planting lines reduced the dry weight of the broad-leaf weed, while the herbicide treatment and the seed rate of 80 kg/ha did the same. In the second season, broad-leaved weeds decreased in dry weight by 15 cm.