bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of subjective and objective binge eating in binge‐purge syndromes
Authors: Kerzhnerman Irina , Lowe Michael R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveResearch has begun to challenge the idea that a large amount of food is a diagnostically relevant distinction in classifying binge eating. This study examined the relationship between both objective and subjective (i.e., feeling out of control while eating an appropriate amount of food) binge eating frequency and factor analytically derived measures of dieting and psychopathology.MethodParticipants were 40 women who were admitted for inpatient treatment for bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, binge‐purge type, or eating disorder not otherwise specified with binge‐purge symptoms.ResultsControlling for subjective binge frequency, neither the psychopathology nor the dieting factors were related to objective binge frequency. Controlling for objective binge frequency, dieting, but not psychopathology, was related to subjective binge frequency. There was no correlation between frequency of subjective and objective binge eating.DiscussionThe results are discussed in light of research on restrained eating. Implications for diagnosis and the role of loss of control in defining binge behavior are also discussed. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 31: 220–228, 2002; DOI 10.1002/eat.10026
Postnatal depression, eating, exercise, and vomiting before and during pregnancy
Authors: Abraham Suzanne , Taylor Alan , Conti Janet 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the postnatal distress and the eating, exercise, and weight losing behavior of women before and during pregnancy.MethodThe subjects were healthy women who had given birth to a singleton healthy baby in the week before the study. They were drawn from two consecutive series of mothers of babies whose birth weights were either ≤2,500 g or >2,500 g. A total of 181 women were interviewed using a standardized interview modified for pregnancy and related behaviors. They also completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Distress Questionnaire.ResultsRegression analysis produced a final model containing variables that made a unique contribution to predicting the level of distress of women in the week following childbirth. The model accounted for 25% of the variance and included four variables that were associated with greater distress: fear of weight gain before and during pregnancy, being distracted by thoughts of food during pregnancy, being afraid of gaining more weight than the pregnancy would explain, and vomiting more frequently during the first 3–4 months of pregnancy. A fifth variable accounted for less distress, that is, participating in low‐intensity exercise for reasons of shape and weight during months 3–4 of pregnancy. Other variables associated with distress only in the preliminary analysis were maternal age, binge eating, and vomiting before pregnancy. The most distressed mothers were suffering from an eating disorder at the time of pregnancy. The binge and/or purge type of eating disorder was associated with more distress than a food restriction type.DiscussionPostnatal distress is associated with body weight and shape concerns, with disordered eating before and during pregnancy, and with vomiting during pregnancy. The protective role of low‐intensity exercise during early pregnancy needs to be explored. Women with eating disorders should be considered at risk for postnatal problems. © 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 29: 482–487, 2001.
Probabilistic critical excitation for MDOF elastic–plastic structures on compliant ground
Authors: Takewaki Izuru 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEarthquake ground motions and their effects on structural responses are very uncertain even with the present knowledge. It is therefore desirable to develop a robust structural design method taking into account these uncertainties. Critical excitation approaches are promising and a new random critical excitation method is proposed for MDOF elastic–plastic shear‐building structures on compliant ground. The power (area of power spectral density (PSD) function) and the intensity (magnitude of PSD function) are fixed and the critical excitation is found under these restrictions. In contrast to linear elastic structures, transfer functions and simple expressions for response evaluation cannot be defined in elastic–plastic structures and difficulties arise in describing the peak responses except by laborious elastic–plastic time‐history response analysis. Statistical equivalent linearization is used to estimate the elastic–plastic stochastic peak responses approximately. The critical excitation responses are obtained for several examples and compared with those of the corresponding recorded earthquake ground motion. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus indica) flavour constituents—chiral evaluation (MDGC–MS) and isotope ratio (HRGC–IRMS) analysis
Authors: Weckerle Bernhard , Bastl‐Borrmann Renate , Richling Elke , Hör Katja , Ruff Christiane , Schreier Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAmong the volatiles isolated by solvent extraction from cactus pear fruit (Opuntia ficus indica) and identified by HRGC–MS, selected chiral and achiral constituents were characterized by enantiodifferentiation and 13C/12C isotope ratio analysis, using multidimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (MDGC–MS) and on‐line gas chromatography–combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (HRGC‐C‐IRMS), respectively. While the enantiodistributions determined for methyl 2‐methylbutanoate (98 : 2%, S : R), methyl 3‐hydroxybutanoate (73 : 27%, R : S), 1‐phenyl‐ethanol (74 : 26%, R : S), linalool (68 : 32%, R : S), γ‐nonalactone (65 : 35%, S : R), γ‐deca‐lactone (79 : 21%, R : S) and γ‐dodecalactone (>99% R) can be discussed in relation to data previously provided for these compounds from various plant origins, the δ13C values of −22.0‰, −21.8‰, −19.1‰ and −20.9‰, measured for 1‐hexanol, E‐2‐hexenol, E‐2‐nonenol and E,Z‐2,6‐nonadienol, respectively, are clear‐cut indicators for their origin from plants with Crassulaceae acid metabolism (CAM), and thus may helpful for authenticity evaluations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fourth‐order exponential finite difference methods for boundary value problems of convective diffusion type
Authors: Radhakrishna Pillai A. C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMethods based on exponential finite difference approximations of h4 accuracy are developed to solve one and two‐dimensional convection–diffusion type differential equations with constant and variable convection coefficients. In the one‐dimensional case, the numerical scheme developed uses three points. For the two‐dimensional case, even though nine points are used, the successive line overrelaxation approach with alternating direction implicit procedure enables us to deal with tri‐diagonal systems. The methods are applied on a number of linear and non‐linear problems, mostly with large first derivative terms, in particular, fluid flow problems with boundary layers. Better accuracy is obtained in all the problems, compared with the available results in the literature. Application of an exponential scheme with a non‐uniform mesh is also illustrated. The h4 accuracy of the schemes is also computationally demonstrated. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Footbridge between finite volumes and finite elements with applications to CFD
Authors: Pascal Frédéric , Ghidaglia Jean‐Michel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to introduce a new algorithm for the discretization of second‐order elliptic operators in the context of finite volume schemes on unstructured meshes. We are strongly motivated by partial differential equations (PDEs) arising in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), like the compressible Navier–Stokes equations. Our technique consists of matching up a finite volume discretization based on a given mesh with a finite element representation on the same mesh. An inverse operator is also built, which has the desirable property that in the absence of diffusion, one recovers exactly the finite volume solution. Numerical results are also provided. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A moving frame of reference algorithm for fluid/structure interaction of rotating and translating bodies
Authors: Li L. , Sherwin S. J. , Bearman P. W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA mathematical and numerical formulation is derived for fluid/structure interaction problems involving arbitrary geometries relevant to the simulation of bridge deck instabilities due to cross winds. A translating and rotating moving frame of reference is attached to the body to utilize an efficient fixed mesh spectral/hp element solver. The formulation is validated against experiments with flow simulations of circular cylinders at Reynolds numbers of 100–400 undergoing free and forced motion in the transverse and in‐line directions. The well‐documented phenomena of vortex lock‐in is captured. The formulation is then applied a rectangular body at Re=250 under forced and free motion the latter of which demonstrates torsional galloping. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
t(10;11)‐Acute leukemias with MLL‐AF10 and MLL‐ABI1 chimeric transcripts: Specific expression patterns of ABI1 gene in leukemia and solid tumor cell lines
Authors: Shibuya Noriko , Taki Tomohiko , Mugishima Hideo , Chin Motoaki , Tsuchida Masahiro , Sako Masahiro , Kawa Keisei , Ishii Eiichi , Miura Ikuo , Yanagisawa Masayoshi , Hayashi Yasuhide 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe recurrent translocation t(10;11) is associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The AF10 gene on chromosome 10 at band p12 and MLL at 11q23 fuse in the t(10;11)(p12;q23). Recently, we have identified ABI1 as a new partner gene for MLL in an AML patient with a t(10;11)(p11.2;q23). The ABI1 is a human homologue of the mouse Abl‐interactor 1 (Abi1), encoding an Abl‐binding protein. The ABI1 protein exhibits sequence similarity to homeotic genes, and contains several polyproline stretches and a src homology 3 (SH3) domain. To clarify the clinical features of t(10;11)‐leukemias, we investigated 6 samples from acute leukemia patients with t(10;11) and MLL rearrangement and detected MLL‐AF10 chimeric transcripts in 5 samples and MLL‐ABI1 in one. The patient with MLL‐ABI1 chimeric transcript is the second case described, thus confirming that the fusion of the MLL and ABI1 genes is a recurring abnormality. Both of the patients with MLL‐ABI1 chimeric transcript are surviving, suggesting that these patients have a better prognosis than the patients with MLL‐AF10. To investigate the roles of AF10 and ABI1 further, we examined the expression of these genes in various cell lines and fresh tumor samples using the reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction method. Although AF10 was expressed in almost all cell lines similarly, the expression patterns of ABI1 were different between leukemia and solid tumor cell lines, suggesting the distinctive role of each isoform of ABI1 in these cell lines. We also determined the complete mouse Abi1 sequence and found that the sequence matched with human ABI1 better than the originally reported Abi1 sequence. Further functional analysis of the MLL‐AF10 and MLL‐ABI1 fusion proteins will provide new insights into the leukemogenesis of t(10;11)‐AML. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The microstratigraphic record of abrupt climate changes in cave sediments of the Western Mediterranean
Authors: Courty Marie‐Agnès , Vallverdu Josep 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to illustrate how calcareous sediments from Pleistocene and Holocene rockshelters and open caves of the Western Mediterranean can provide a stratigraphic record of abrupt climate change. The method proposed here is based on microstratigraphic examination of sedimentary sequences using microscopic techniques. The most important processes for characterizing the sensitivity of each cave to climate variables are: (1) the modes and rate of carbonate sediment production, (2) the nature and intensity of the pedogenic processes responsible for the synchronous alteration of carbonate materials (either those derived from the cave walls or those deposited on the ground surface), and (3) the supply of allogenic sediments, particularly by eolian activity. The cave sediment sequences presented record the marked coolings known as Dansgaard‐Oeschger stadials and Heinrich events that occurred during the Pleistocene and the Holocene, as demonstrated by the high resolution records from ice and deep sea cores. At Abric Romanì in northeastern Spain, a series of sharp climatic deteriorations of increasing severity is shown to have occurred synchronously with the transition from the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic, with a period of seasonal frost and strong winds at ca. 37,000 yr B.P., tentatively correlated with Heinrich event 4. At Pigeon Cave, Taforalt (northern Morocco), the transition from the Aterian to Ibero‐Maurusian/Epipalaeolithic cultures is dated to around 24,000–20,000 yr B.P. and is punctuated by a series of short cold pulses with evidence for seasonal freezing, soil erosion, and minimal evapotranspiration. In El Miron cave in north‐central Spain, the exceptional nature of the Younger Dryas cooling produced a marked destabilization of the cave walls and roof. At El Miron, the stratigraphic evidence for sediment removal due to the rapid percolation of snow melt under a degraded soil cover allows us to reconstruct the nature of the negative excursion at ca. 8200 yr B.P. This example also illustrates how climate‐controlled pedogenic processes can create a stratigraphic signature which has often been confused with a sedimentary hiatus. We conclude that cave sediments provide a valuable record of Pleistocene and Holocene climate changes. In appropriate contexts, these sequences allow us to examine the ecological stress generated by these unique global events at a local and regional level and improve our understanding of the complex anthropological processes that occurred at the same time. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Comparison of the maritime Sites and Monuments Record with side‐scan sonar and diver surveys: A case study from Rathlin Island, Ireland
Authors: Quinn Rory , Forsythe Wes , Breen Colin , Dean Martin , Lawrence Mark , Liscoe Steve 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRathlin Island, off the north coast of Ireland, has a history of settlement and seafaring from the Late Mesolithic period to the present day. The maritime Sites and Monuments Record (SMR) for Rathlin indicates many wrecking incidents. In 1999, a reconnaissance side‐scan sonar survey confirmed the presence of 46 targets of possible archaeological potential around Rathlin Island. Thirteen of these anomalies were positively identified as shipwrecks. Of the remaining 33 targets, nine were dived on in order to ground‐truth the geophysical data. A successful and rapid methodology of ground‐truthing side‐scan sonar data for archaeological purposes was developed. The results confirmed the presence of a Danforth Anchor at one site, while the remaining anomalies were identified as geological features. The results from the side‐scan survey and diver‐truthing exercise enhanced the existing maritime SMR. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Unbiased methods for population‐based association studies
Authors: Devlin B. , Roeder Kathryn , Bacanu Silviu‐Alin 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLarge, population‐based samples and large‐scale genotyping are being used to evaluate disease/gene associations. A substantial drawback to such samples is the fact that population substructure can induce spurious associations between genes and disease. We review two methods, called genomic control (GC) and structured association (SA), that obviate many of the concerns about population substructure by using the features of the genomes present in the sample to correct for stratification. The GC approach exploits the fact that population substructure generates “over dispersion” of statistics used to assess association. By testing multiple polymorphisms throughout the genome, only some of which are pertinent to the disease of interest, the degree of overdispersion generated by population substructure can be estimated and taken into account. The SA approach assumes that the sampled population, although heterogeneous, is composed of subpopulations that are themselves homogeneous. By using multiple polymorphisms throughout the genome, this “latent class method” estimates the probability sampled individuals derive from each of these latent subpopulations. GC has the advantage of robustness, simplicity, and wide applicability, even to experimental designs such as DNA pooling. SA is a bit more complicated but has the advantage of greater power in some realistic settings, such as admixed populations or when association varies widely across subpopulations. It, too, is widely applicable. Both also have weaknesses, as elaborated in our review. Genet. Epidemiol. 21:273–284, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The reaction of 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydrobenzo[b]‐thiophene with diethyl malonate: synthesis of coumarin, pyridine, and thiazole derivatives
Authors: Mohareb Rafat M. , El‐Omran Fatma A. , Ho Jonathan Z. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe reaction of 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene (1) with diethyl malonate (2) gave two products: 3 and 4. The reactivity of 3 toward a variety of chemical reagents was studied to give azoles, azines, and their fused derivatives. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 12:168–175, 2001
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the maxillary sinus—A case report and nude mouse transplantable model
Authors: Noguchi Kazuma , Urade Masahiro , Sakurai Kazunari , Nishimura Norihiko , Hashitani Susumu , Kishimoto Hiromitsu 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundA rare case of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) arising in the maxillary sinus is presented, and a SNEC tumor line serially transplantable in nude mice was established. Tumor marker for SNEC is also discussed.MethodsThe tumor tissues obtained from operated material were heterotransplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. Histopathologic studies and immunoradiometric assays for NSE and pro‐GRP in serum were performed.ResultsThe primary lesion was composed of tumor nests of small cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and was positive for NSE and chromogranin A immunohistochemically. Serum levels of NSE and pro‐GRP changed dynamically, reflecting the clinical status. Nude mouse tumor showed similar histologic features to those of original tumor and expressed NSE. Neuroendocrine granules were detected in tumor cells in electron microscopy. Serum NSE level in nude mice was elevated in proportion to the relative tumor weight.ConclusionsSerum NSE and pro‐GRP were useful tumor markers for extrapulmonary SNEC. A SNEC tumor transplantable in nude mice would provide a valuable model for characterization of this lesion. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Post‐fire runoff and erosion from simulated rainfall on small plots, Colorado Front Range
Authors: Benavides‐Solorio Juan , MacDonald Lee H 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn Erratum has been published for this article in Hydrological Processes 16(5) 2002, 1131–1133.
Wildfires in the Colorado Front Range can trigger dramatic increases in runoff and erosion. A better understanding of the causes of these increases is needed to predict the effects of future wildfires, estimate runoff and erosion risks from prescribed fires, and design effective post‐fire rehabilitation treatments. The objective of this project was to determine whether runoff and sediment yields were significantly related to the site variables of burn severity, percent cover, soil water repellency, soil moisture, time since burning, and slope. To eliminate the variability due to natural rainfall events, we applied an artificial storm of approximately 80 mm h−1 on 26 1 m2 plots in the summer and fall of 2000. The plots were distributed among a June 2000 wildfire, a November 1999 prescribed fire, and a July 1994 wildfire.For 23 of the 26 plots the ratio of runoff to rainfall exceeded 50%. Nearly all sites exhibited strong natural or fire‐induced water repellency, so the runoff ratios were only 15–30% larger for the high‐severity plots in the two more recent fires than for the unburned or low‐severity plots. The two high‐severity plots in the 1994 wildfire had very low runoff ratios, and this probably was due to the high soil moisture conditions at the time of the simulated rainfall and the resulting reduction in the natural water repellency. Sediment yields from the high‐severity sites in the two more recent fires were 10–26 times greater than the unburned and low‐severity plots. The plots burned at high severity in 1994 yielded only slightly more sediment than the unburned plots. Percent ground cover explained 81% of the variability in sediment yields, and the sediment yields from the plots in the 1994 wildfire are consistent with the observed recovery in percent ground cover. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sex chromosome anomalies in pancreatic endocrine tumors
Authors: Missiaglia Edoardo , Moore Patrick S. , Williamson Jill , Lemoine Nicholas R. , Falconi Massimo , Zamboni Giuseppe , Scarpa Aldo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have investigated the status of sex chromosomes in 40 pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) using 2 complementary techniques: microsatellite and interphase FISH analysis. Twenty‐five tumors were from female and 15 from male patients and included 31 nonfunctioning and 9 functioning PET (6 insulinomas, 2 glucagonomas and 1 VIPoma). Microsatellite and FISH analysis showed concordant results in all cases. PETs from females showed frequent loss of chromosome X (40%) whereas PETs from males showed relatively frequent loss of chromosome Y (36%) but never loss of the X chromosome. Statistical analysis showed significant association of sex chromosome loss with metastases (Spearman correlation test, r = 0.5, p < 0.001), local invasion (r = 0.33, p < 0.05) and high proliferation rate measured as Ki‐67 index with a 5% cut‐off (r = 0.42, p < 0.02). The analysis also showed that local invasion and metastases were highly correlated (r = 0.86). Multivariate survival analysis was therefore carried out including local invasion and loss of sex chromosomes. The presence of local invasion increased the risk of death almost 9 times whereas sex chromosome loss was an independent variable associated with a shorter survival period and an increased risk of death of approximately 4‐fold. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.