bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in inflammatory biomarkers and lipid profiles after switching to long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine
Authors: Adachi Eisuke , Saito Makoto , Otani Amato , Koga Michiko , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
In people with HIV, viremia is associated with chronic inflammation does not return to the level as in non-HIV-infected individuals even after viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy. The objective of this study was to determine whether long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine has a different effect on reducing inflammation compared to oral antiretroviral drugs.
Design
In this retrospective cohort study, we followed the inflammation biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein and CD4/CD8 ratio, and lipid profiles from baseline to 7 months after starting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine. Patients were grouped by the regimens prior to the switching.
Results
Seventy-eight patients were analyzed. Comparing baseline with 7 months after starting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine, CD4/CD8 ratio and C-reactive protein did not change. CD8 count and CD4 count were significantly decreased in the group switching from dolutegravir-based regimen but not in the tenofovir alafenamide-based regimen group. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased resulting in the decrease in total-cholesterol/High-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, whereas there was no significant change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in all groups.
Conclusions
The change from oral antiretroviral therapy to long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine did not change inflammatory biomarkers, but did improve some lipid profiles. No effect of tenofovir alafenamide on the lipid profile was observed.
Analytical solutions and conservation laws of the generalized model for propagation pulses with four powers of nonlinearity.
Authors: Kudryashov Nikolay , Lavrova Sofia , Nifontov Daniil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Analytical solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger are presented. Optical solitons corresponding to the mathematical model are given. Conservation laws of the generalized model for propagation pulses with four powers of nonlinearity are considered. The equation studied is the generalization of several well-known models, which allows us to evaluate the influence of various processes on pulse propagation. Conservative quantities for the bright optical soliton are calculated.
The Integral Manifolds of the 4 Body Problem Withequal Masses – Bifurcations at Relative Equilibria
Authors: McCord Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In the N-body problem, it is classical that there are conserved quantities ofcenter of mass, linear momentum, angular momentum and energy. The level sets M(c, h) ofthese conserved quantities are parameterized by the angular momentum c and the energyh, and are known as the integral manifolds. A long-standing goal has been to identify thebifurcation values, especially the bifurcation values of energy for fixed non-zero angularmomentum, and to describe the integral manifolds at the regular values. Alain Albouyidentified two categories of singular values of energy: those corresponding to bifurcations atrelative equilibria; and those corresponding to “bifurcations at infinity”, and demonstratedthat these are the only possible bifurcation values. This work completes the identification ofbifurcations for the four-body problem with equal masses, confirming that, in this setting,Albouy’s necessary conditions for bifurcation are also sufficient conditions: bifurcations ofthe integral manifolds occur at all of the singular values of energy. A recent study examinedthe bifurcations at infinity; this work evaluates the four bifurcations at relative equilibria.To establish that the topology of the integral manifolds changes at each of these values,and to describe the manifolds at the regular values of energy, the homology groups of theintegral manifolds are computed for the five energy regions on either side of the singularvalues. The homology group calculations establish that all four energy levels are indeedbifurcation values, and allows some of the global properties of the integral manifolds to beexplored.1
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 70F07, 58F05, 57R57; Secondary 58F14 .
Targeting the ribosome to treat multiple myeloma
Authors: Maclachlan Kylee , Gitareja Kezia , Kang Jian , Cuddihy Andrew , Cao Yuxi , Hein Nadine , Cullinane Carleen , Ang Ching-Seng , Brajanovski Natalie , Pearson Richard , Khot Amit , Sanij Elaine , Hannan Ross , Poortinga Gretchen , Harrison Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The high rates of protein synthesis and processing render multiple myeloma (MM) cells vulnerable to perturbations in protein homeostasis. The induction of proteotoxic stress by targeting protein degradation with proteasome inhibitors (PI) has revolutionized the treatment of MM. However, resistance to PI is inevitable and represents an ongoing clinical challenge. Our first-in-human study of the selective inhibitor of RNA polymerase I transcription of ribosomal RNA genes, CX-5461 has demonstrated a potential signal for anti-tumor activity in three of six heavily pre-treated MM patients. Here we show that CX-5461 has potent antimyeloma activity in PI-resistant MM preclinical models in vitro and in vivo. In addition to inhibiting ribosome biogenesis, CX-5461 causes topoisomerase II trapping and replication-dependent DNA damage, leading to G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death. Surprisingly, the addition of PI does not enhance the therapeutic benefit of CX-5461. In contrast, CX-5461 shows synergistic interaction with the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat in both the Vk*MYC and the 5T33-KaLwRij mouse models of MM by targeting ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis through distinct mechanisms. Our findings thus provide strong evidence to facilitate the clinical development of targeting the ribosome to treat relapsed and refractory MM.
Maggot Debridement Therapy in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients in Greece
Authors: Meimeti Evangelia , Marakomichelakis George , Provatopoulou Xenia , Psarrou Anna , Tsagkarakis Antonios , Albani Chara , Stamouli Myrto , Arapostathi Evaggelia , Mumcuoglu Kostas , Rallis Michail 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aims
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) have been recognized as a serious and highly debilitating complication in patients with diabetes mellitus that may ultimately lead to lower extremity amputation. The management of DFUs arises as a major public health issue associated with significant cost. As a result, there is an ongoing quest for new effective therapies of DFUs.
Methods
Maggots of Lucilia sericata were provided from the Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology of the Agricultural University of Athens, and they were disinfected at the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens prior to their application, according to standard protocols. A cage-like dressing, made up of gauze and micropore, of the size of the wound was prepared and placed appropriately to surround the maggots around the wounded area and to protect the surrounding tissue. The maggots were applied directly onto the wound bed using aseptic techniques.
Results
Three cases of DFU patients with previous failures to other treatments, who were successfully treated by MDT are presented. A single application of maggots for 16–24 hours resulted in a remarkable improvement of the wound area with complete removal of necrotic tissue and slough. These cases demonstrate the successful application of MDT with L. sericata larvae on patients with unresponsive to previous treatments DFUs for the first time in Greece.
Conclusion
Maggot debridement therapy is an effective, safe, low-cost treatment which can be applied in many hard-to-heal cases before amputation.
Prevalence of cerebrovascular accident among atrial fibrillation patients in Damascus Hospital
Authors: Kabalan Mhd Saleh , Shamiyeh Marwan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common types of arrhythmias. It is an irregular rhythm and often appears as an accelerated heartbeat. Atrial fibrillation can lead to blood clots forming in the heart, and this condition also increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other heart-related complications. Symptoms of atrial palpitations include a feeling of a fast, intermittent or strong heartbeat, chest pain, lightheadedness, fatigue, dizziness, reduced ability to exercise, shortness of breath, and weakness. Heart structure problems are the most common cause of atrial fibrillation.
Materials and methods:
Observational study of the type of cross-sectional study. This study targeted patients attending Damascus Hospital. The sample was selected randomly, and about (194) patients were selected who met specific acceptance criteria, the most important of which was the presence of sufficient information in the file, while all patients were excluded according to specific exclusion criteria.
Results:
Our study concluded that there is an important relationship and a fundamental effect of the sex of the atrial fibrillation patient on his condition, and an important relationship and a fundamental effect of the patient’s age in atrial fibrillation patients on his condition, and an important relationship and a pivotal effect of smoking and alcohol intake in atrial fibrillation patients on his condition, a clear relationship and a significant effect. For the levels of lipids, cholesterol, and blood sugar in patients with atrial fibrillation in his condition, and there is a significant relationship and a significant effect for the levels of arterial pressure and body mass index in patients with atrial fibrillation in his condition, and there is an important relationship and a significant effect of the presence of a history of a previous cerebrovascular accident in patients with atrial fibrillation in his condition. The prevalence of previous vascular events among patients with defibrillation (in the sample) was 37%.
Conclusion
We recommend following a healthy diet and exercising, quitting smoking and staying away from alcohol, monitoring blood pressure on a regular basis, performing the necessary blood tests and analyzes periodically, and monitoring patients with previous cerebrovascular accidents who have risk factors for atrial fibrillation.
Phyto-assisted synthesis of magnetic NiFe2O4 nanocomposite using the Pulicaria gnaphalodes methanolic extract for the efficient removal of an antibiotic from the aqueous solution: a study of equilibrium, kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics
Authors: Derakhshani Elham , Naghizadeh Ali , Mortazavi-Derazkola Sobhan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In this research, the magnetic NiFe2O4 nanocomposite was synthesized using Pulicaria gnaphalodes methanolic extract and applied to remove penicillin G from aqueous solutions. The results of field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Vibrating-Sample Magnetometer (VSM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy-mapping analyses showed that this nanocomposite was well synthesized with a size of approximately 50–70 nm. The maximum adsorption capacity of the magnetic NiFe2O4 nanocomposite was 22.95 mg/g under optimal conditions. In addition, the experimental data of penicillin G adsorption by the magnetic NiFe2O4 nanocomposite showed that ΔH and ΔS values were positive and ΔG was negative and were following the Temkin isotherm model with R2 =  0.99 and follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Unraveling air–water two-phase flow patterns in water pipelines based on multiple signals and convolutional neural networks
Authors: Zhao Peng , Xu Ziyang , Liu Haixing , Yu Bing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Flow pattern identification (FPI) is crucial for evaluating air entrapment in water pipelines and ensuring the safety of pipeline operations. The presence of two-phase flow in water pipelines not only leads to pressure fluctuations but also induces pipeline vibration. However, current research has primarily focused on using pressure-related signals for FPI, and the analysis of vibration signals in FPI is rare. In this study, FPI in water pipelines is investigated based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) using high-frequency vibration signals. The information fusion of vibration signals in FPI is newly proposed via the stacked generalization technique. The proposed method is compared with pressure signal-based FPI methods and the effect of signal sampling parameters on FPI accuracy is discussed. The results show that the performance of vibration signals (including axial or radial acceleration signals) outperforms pressure signals in both time and frequency domains. Moreover, the fusion of vibration signals shows the superior results compared to any univariate signals. The duration of sampling has a more significant impact on the results of FPI than the sampling frequency. This study provides a new way that FPI theory is applied to solve air entrapment evaluation in water pipelines.
Exploring Novel Genome Instability-associated lncRNAs and their
Potential Function in Pan-Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Hui-Xin , Zheng Wen-Cai , Chen Hang , Chen Jia-Yin , Lin Fei , Chen Shao-Hao , Xue Xue-Yi , Zheng Qing-Shui , Liang Min , Xu Ning , Chen Dong-Ning , Sun Xiong-Lin 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
Genomic instability can drive clonal evolution, continuous modification of
tumor genomes, and tumor genomic heterogeneity. The molecular mechanism of genomic instability
still needs further investigation. This study aims to identify novel genome instabilityassociated
lncRNAs (GI-lncRNAs) and investigate the role of genome instability in pan-Renal
cell carcinoma (RCC).

Materials and Methods:
A mutator hypothesis was employed, combining the TCGA database
of somatic mutation (SM) information, to identify GI-lncRNAs. Subsequently, a training cohort
(n = 442) and a testing cohort (n = 439) were formed by randomly dividing all RCC patients.
Based on the training cohort dataset, a multivariate Cox regression analysis lncRNAs risk model
was created. Further validations were performed in the testing cohort, TCGA cohort, and different
RCC subtypes. To confirm the relative expression levels of lncRNAs in HK-2, 786-O, and
769-P cells, qPCR was carried out. Functional pathway enrichment analyses were performed for
further investigation.

Results:
A total of 170 novel GI-lncRNAs were identified. The lncRNA prognostic risk model
was constructed based on LINC00460, AC073218.1, AC010789.1, and COLCA1. This risk
model successfully differentiated patients into distinct risk groups with significantly different
clinical outcomes. The model was further validated in multiple independent patient cohorts. Additionally,
functional and pathway enrichment analyses revealed that GI-lncRNAs play a crucial
role in GI. Furthermore, the assessments of immune response, drug sensitivity, and cancer stemness
revealed a significant relationship between GI-lncRNAs and tumor microenvironment infiltration,
mutational burden, microsatellite instability, and drug resistance.

Conclusions:
In this study, we discovered four novel GI-lncRNAs and developed a novel signature
that effectively predicted clinical outcomes in pan-RCC. The findings provide valuable insights
for pan-RCC immunotherapy and shed light on potential underlying mechanisms.
Treatment Considerations to Overcome the Barriers Associated with Skin
Cancer Targeting
Authors: Kumari Pratibha , Alam Md. Aftab , Dhoundiyal Shivang , Kaur Awaneet , Yadav Shikha 
Published: November 2023

:
Skin cancer is a prevalent and diverse group of malignancies affecting the skin, with three
primary types: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Each subtype varies in
terms of its histological origin, behavior, and potential for metastasis. Despite advances in treatment,
skin cancer poses challenges due to biological barriers that hinder drug delivery, multidrug resistance
mechanisms that limit treatment effectiveness, and the complex interplay of genetic alterations driving
tumorigenesis. Current treatment strategies encompass a spectrum of approaches, including
chemotherapies, immunotherapies, gene therapies, and innovative techniques such as photothermal
therapy, iontophoretic therapy, electroporation therapy, microneedle array therapy, and nanotechnology-
based treatments. The latter involves liposomes, niosomes, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, hydrogels,
and gold nanoparticles, all tailored to enhance drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy. Additionally,
herbal drug-based therapy harnesses the potential of natural compounds to target various
aspects of skin cancer progression. This review provides an overview of skin cancer types, challenges
in treatment, and an extensive exploration of current therapeutic strategies, highlighting the everevolving
landscape of innovative approaches that promise to transform how skin cancer is managed.
Phytochemicals and their Potential Mechanisms against Insulin Resistance
Authors: Wal Pranay 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Insulin's inception dates back to 1921 and was unveiled through a momentous revelation. Diabetes is a dangerous, long-term disease in which the body fails to generate enough insulin or utilize the insulin it creates adequately. This causes hyperglycemia, a state of high blood
sugar levels, which can even put a person into a coma if not managed. Activation of the insulin
receptor corresponds to two crucial metabolic functions, i.e., uptake of glucose and storage of
glycogen. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exists as one of the most challenging medical conditions in the 21st century. The sedentary lifestyle and declining quality of food products have contributed to the rapid development of metabolic disorders. Hence, there is an urgent need to lay
some reliable, significant molecules and modalities of treatment to combat and manage this epidemic. In this review, we have made an attempt to identify and enlist the major phytoconstituents
along with the associated sources and existing mechanisms against insulin resistance. The conducted study may offer potential sustainable solutions for developing and formulating scientifically validated molecules and phytoconstituents as formulations for the management of this metabolic disorder.
Breast Edema of Early-stage Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: Correlation with
Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis and Clinical-pathological Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Yang , Xin Yuqing , Zhang Nana , Hu Xiankuo , Peng Bin , Zhang Shaohua , Yuan Yushan 
Published: November 2023

Objective::
This study aimed to evaluate the association of different patterns of breast edema and clinical-pathological features and axillary lymph node (ALN)
status in early invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) for simple and readily available assessment and to guide surgeons to perform sentinel lymph node
biopsy for selected patients.

Materials and Methods::
This retrospective analysis involved 207 individuals with clinical T1-T2 stage IDC. The clinical-pathological features of the patients were
compared with different breast edema and ALN statuses. Independent risk factors for ALN metastasis were verified using multivariate logistic
regression analysis.

Results::
ALN metastasis was confirmed in 100 of 207 patients (48.3%) with early-stage IDC. Significant differences were found between different ALN
states for tumour size, clinical T stage, and breast edema (P <0.05). The clinical T2 stage (odds ratio-1.882, p=0.043) and moderate to severe
edema (odds ratio-10.869, p=0.004) were independent risk factors for ALN metastasis. Moreover, better prognostic factors, including smaller
tumour size, lower Ki-67 index and histologic grade, luminal A subtype, and lower incidence of lymph node metastasis, were more frequently
found in patients with no breast edema (p<0.05).

Conclusion::
Breast edema can be considered a promising feature to improve the predictive performance of pathological ALN status in patients with early-stage
breast cancer and thus may contribute to preoperative treatment planning.
Optimal Rituximab Monotherapy in Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma (SMZL): A Case Report and Brief Review
Authors: Guan Rong-Yan , Tang Xing-Ru , Huang Zou-Fang , Du Jun , Fu Xue-Hang , Lu Guang , Mou Wei-Wei 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Splenic marginal zone Lymphoma (SMZL) is a rare, chronic B
lymphocyte proliferative disease. Generally, SMZL is accompanied by circulating atypical
villous lymphocytes, known as SMZL with villous lymphocytes. Rituximab is a chimeric
monoclonal antibody to CD20; recent but limited studies have confirmed its effectiveness
in treating SMZL. Given the low incidence and selection of treatment, statistical comparisons
of rituximab monotherapy with other available treatment options with the full range of
data from previous clinical studies remain sparse. Here, we report a case of SMZL with
villous lymphocytes treated by rituximab monotherapy, which is especially infrequently reported.

Case Report:
A 63-year-old Chinese female was presented to the hospital with complaints of
splenomegaly and pain in the spleen area. Immunohistochemistry analysis was positive for IGH,
IGK, and IGL clonal rearrangement. Villous lymphocytes were found in peripheral blood and
bone marrow, along with further immunotyping results. The case was considered as SMZL with
villous lymphocytes. Based on the SMZLSG prognosis assessment, we applied rituximab monotherapy.
After eight cycles of rituximab treatment, the patient’s condition improved markedly,
with blood constituent and size of the spleen returning to normal levels, achieving complete response,
with no significant side effect observed.

Discussion:
The patient provides a typical SMZL with villous lymphocytes case treated with
rituximab monotherapy. Currently, the main treatment options include splenectomy and rituximab.
After synthesizing a series of current views, we put forward our opinion about the selection
of therapy for SMZL patients in order to gain maximum benefits for patients in need of
treatment.

Conclusion:
Our analysis found no statistically significant difference between rituximab monotherapy
and rituximab combined with chemotherapy, while rituximab treatments resulted in better
therapeutic effects than chemotherapy. Rituximab monotherapy has favorable therapeutic
effects and minor adverse effects (AEs) in treating SMZL.
Triple Burden: The Incorrigible Threat of Tuberculosis, HIV, and
COVID-19
Authors: Gupta Parakriti , Sandhu Diljot , Gupta Varsha , Singhal Lipika 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
The Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) hasn’t seen the dawn since its emergence, however
waxing and waning has resulted in the emergence of deadly variants. The effects of pandemic have
not been limited to its virulence, but have rather conferred multiple collateral effects, especially in
developing countries; thereby, designating it as a SYNDEMIC. The same culminated in neglect of
non-COVID-19 conditions like tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus-acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Besides being the prognostic factor for severe COVID-19,
these infections in hidden pockets served as reservoir for emergence of the deadly Omicron.
Another significant impact of this juxtaposition was on the delivery of healthcare services for TB and
HIV.

2:
The unanticipated COVID-19 pandemic turned the path of ongoing progress of elimination programs.
Direct consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic were pronounced on diagnosis, treatment, and services
for patients with TB and HIV. Essential TB services were reallocated to the COVID-19 rapid
response task force. However, despite escalating the tribulations, this triple burden has simultaneously
taught lessons to escalate the progress of halted programs. The pandemic has catalyzed an unusual
level of collaboration among scientists, which can be exploited for TB and HIV. Fast-track diagnostics,
digitalization, contact tracing, and vaccine development have enabled world to envision the same
for TB/HIV.