bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Live slow, die old: larval propagation of slow-growing, stress-tolerant corals for reef restoration
Authors: Guest James , Baria-Rodriguez Maria Vanessa , Toh Tai Chong , dela Cruz Dexter , Vicentuan Kareen , Gomez Edgardo , Villanueva Ronald , Steinberg Peter , Edwards Alasdair 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEfforts to restore coral reefs usually involve transplanting asexually propagated fast-growing corals. However, this approach can lead to outplanted populations with low genotypic diversity, composed of taxa susceptible to stressors such as marine heatwaves. Sexual coral propagation leads to greater genotypic diversity, and using slow-growing, stress-tolerant taxa may provide a longer-term return on restoration efforts due to higher outplant survival. However, there have been no reports to date detailing the full cycle of rearing stress-tolerant, slow-growing corals from eggs until sexual maturity. Here, we sexually propagated and transplanted two massive slow-growing coral species to examine long-term success as part of reef restoration efforts. Coral spat were settled on artificial substrates and reared in nurseries for approximately two years, before being outplanted and monitored for survivorship and growth for a further four years. More than half of initially settled substrates supported a living coral following nursery rearing, and survivorship was also high following outplantation with yields declining by just 10 to 14% over four years. At 6-years post-fertilisation over 90% of outplanted corals were reproductively mature, demonstrating the feasibility of restoring populations of sexually mature massive corals in under a decade. Although use of slower growing, stress tolerant corals for reef restoration may provide a longer-term return on investment due to high post-transplantation survival rates, considerable time is required to achieve even modest gains in coral cover due to their relatively slow rates of growth. This highlights the need to use a mix of species with a range of life-history traits in reef restoration and to improve survivorship of susceptible fast-growing taxa that can generate rapid increases in coral cover.
Age-dependent normal values for the ‘Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised’
Authors: van Lennep Marinde , Lansink Fréderique , Benninga Marc A. , van Wijk Michiel P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised (I-GERQ-R) is used to score and evaluate gastroesophageal reflux (GER) related symptoms such as regurgitation, irritability and crying. A cut-off of ≥ 16 has been suggested to discriminate between GER and GER-disease. However, age-specific normal values were not assessed. Aim of this study was to determine age-specific normal values in healthy infants. Cross-sectional survey in healthy infants aged 0–24 months during their regular check-ups at well-baby clinics and through an online questionnaire using the I-GERQ-R. Infants with a history of (suspected) GER-disease were excluded. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was calculated to explore age-related trends. A total of 979 healthy infants (47% male, median age 6 [0–24] months) were included. Median I-GERQ-R score, regardless of age, was 6 (range: 0–27). I-GERQ-R scores significantly decreased with age (rs = -0.569, p < 0.001). Of all infants, 49 (5%) had a score of ≥ 16 which previously has been considered ‘suggestive of GER-disease’. Scores of ≥ 16 were most frequently seen in newborns aged 0–4 months (16% in 0–1 months to 4% in 3–4 months) and disappeared after the age of 16 months. High scores in the first months of life were caused by a high prevalence of regurgitation, colic-associated symptoms and hiccup frequency. Conclusion: Age-dependent normal values for the I-GERQ-R show that reflux symptoms decrease in the first 24 months of life in healthy infants. Scores of ≥ 16 should not necessarily be considered abnormal in young infants. Validation as a diagnostic tool for GER-disease using age-appropriate normal values is needed.

What is Known:• The Infant Gastro Esophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised (I-GERQ-R) was developed to objectively score and evaluate GER-related symptoms in infants.• Previously a cut off of ≥ 16 has been suggested to differentiate between gastro esophageal reflux (GER) and GER-disease.

What is New:• We present age-specific normal values of the I-GERQ-R in healthy infants.• I-GERQ-R scores clearly decrease with age and up to 16% of young healthy infants have a score that is above the previously suggested cut-off score of 16 for GER-disease.
Permanent stoma rate and long-term stoma complications in laparoscopic, robot-assisted, and transanal total mesorectal excisions: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Burghgraef T. A. , Geitenbeek R. T. J. , Broekman M. , Hol J. C. , Hompes R. , Consten E. C. J. ,   The MIRECA Study Group
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The surgical resection of rectal carcinoma is associated with a high risk of permanent stoma rate. Primary anastomosis rate is suggested to be higher in robot-assisted and transanal total mesorectal excision, but permanent stoma rate is unknown.

Methods
Patients undergoing total mesorectal excision for MRI-defined rectal cancer between 2015 and 2017 in 11 centers highly experienced in laparoscopic, robot-assisted or transanal total mesorectal excision were included in this retrospective study. Permanent stoma rate, stoma-related complications, readmissions, and reoperations were registered. A multivariable regression analysis was performed for permanent stoma rate, stoma-related complications, and stoma-related reoperations.

Results
In total, 1198 patients were included. Permanent stoma rate after low anterior resection (with anastomosis or with an end colostomy) was 40.1% in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, 21.3% in patients undergoing robot-assisted surgery, and 25.6% in patients undergoing transanal surgery (P < 0.001). Permanent stoma rate after low anterior resection with an anastomosis was 17.3%, 11.8%, and 15.1%, respectively. The robot-assisted and transanal techniques were independently associated with a reduction in permanent stoma rate in patients who underwent a low anterior resection (with anastomosis or with an end colostomy) (OR 0.39 [95% CI 0.25, 0.59] and OR 0.35 [95% CI 0.22, 0.55]), while this was not seen in patients who underwent a restorative low anterior resection. 45.4% of the patients who had a stoma experienced stoma-related complications, 4.0% were at least once readmitted, and 8.9% underwent at least one reoperation.

Conclusions
The robot-assisted and transanal techniques are associated with a lower permanent stoma rate in patients who underwent a low anterior resection.
The effect of rebalancing techniques on the classification performance in cyberbullying datasets
Authors: Khairy Marwa , Mahmoud Tarek M. , Abd-El-Hafeez Tarek 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCyberbullying detection systems rely increasingly on machine learning techniques. However, class imbalance in cyberbullying datasets, where the percentage of normal labeled classes is higher than that of abnormal labeled ones, presents a significant challenge for classification algorithms. This issue is particularly problematic in two-class datasets, where conventional machine learning methods tend to perform poorly on minority class samples due to the influence of the majority class. To address this problem, researchers have proposed various oversampling and undersampling techniques. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of such techniques in addressing class imbalance in cyberbullying datasets. We conduct an experimental study that involves a preprocessing step to enhance machine learning algorithm performance. We then examine the impact of imbalanced data on classification performance for four cyberbullying datasets. To study the classification performance on balanced cyberbullying datasets, we employ four resampling techniques, namely random undersampling, random oversampling, SMOTE, and SMOTE + TOMEK. We evaluate the impact of each rebalancing technique on classification performance using eight well-known classification algorithms. Our findings demonstrate that the performance of resampling techniques depends on the dataset size, imbalance ratio, and classifier used. The conducted experiments proved that there are no techniques that will always perform better the others.
Reliability assessment of the ocean thermal energy conversion systems through Monte Carlo simulation considering outside temperature variation
Authors: Ghaedi Amir , Sedaghati Reza , Mahmoudian Mehrdad , Rodrigues Eduardo M. G. , Godina Radu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) systems, as renewable energy-based power plants, have the potential to play a significant role in meeting future electricity demands due to the vast expanse of the world's oceans. These systems employ the temperature difference between surface ocean waters and deep ocean waters to drive a thermodynamic cycle and produce electricity. The temperature of deep ocean waters, approximately 1000 m below the surface, is approximately 4 °C, while surface ocean temperatures typically range between 20 and 30 °C. The generated power of OTEC systems is dependent on these temperature differences and may vary with changes in surface ocean temperatures. In this study, the main focus is to find the impact of temperature variation on the failure rates of OTEC system components and the generated power output of these plants. The findings indicate that as the demand for the power system increases, its reliability decreases. In order to improve the reliability of the power system, the integration of a new generation unit, such as the close cycle OTEC power plant under investigation, could be necessary. The findings also indicate the importance of considering temperature variation in the evaluation of the reliability of such types of power plants based on renewable energy.
A study on berthing and unberthing of a single-shaft ship with a bow thruster
Authors: Okuda R. , Yasukawa H. , Hirata N. , Matsuda A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, the berthing and unberthing performances of a single-propeller and single-rudder inland container ship with a flapped rudder and bow thruster were investigated using free-running model tests. A navigation method was used for the tests to adjust the bow thruster, so that the heading remained parallel to the pier and the ship berths or unberths while sailing in oblique conditions. As a result, the proposed method enables the target ship to berth or unberth in shallow water with $$h/d=1.5$$

h
/
d
=
1.5

, where h is the water depth and d is the ship draft. Such a free-running test using the navigation method is useful for evaluating the berthing and unberthing performance of single-shaft ships with a bow thruster. In addition, a bow thruster impeller revolution controller was incorporated into the maneuvering simulation model proposed by the authors, and berthing calculations were performed. The calculation results were compared with free-running test results for validation. These results are consistent with the free-running test results with practical accuracy.
Non-excisional techniques for the treatment of intergluteal pilonidal sinus disease: a systematic review
Authors: Huurman E. A. , Galema H. A. , de Raaff C. A. L. , Wijnhoven B. P. L. , Toorenvliet B. R. , Smeenk R. M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNon-excisional techniques for pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) have gained popularity over the last years. The aim of this study was to review short and long-term outcomes for non-excisional techniques with special focus on the additive effect of treatment of the inner lining of the sinus cavity and the difference between primary and recurrent PSD. A systematic search was conducted in Embase, Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane and Google Scholar databases for studies on non-excisional techniques for PSD including pit picking techniques with or without additional laser or phenol treatment, unroofing, endoscopic techniques and thrombin gelatin matrix application. Outcomes were recurrence rates, healing rates, complication rates, wound healing times and time taken to return to daily activities. In total, 31 studies comprising 8100 patients were included. Non-excisional techniques had overall healing rates ranging from 67 to 100%. Recurrence rates for pit picking, unroofing and gelatin matrix application varied from 0 to 16% depending on the follow-up time. Recurrence rates after additional laser, phenol and endoscopic techniques varied from 0 to 29%. Complication rates ranged from 0 to 16%, and the wound healing time was between three and forty-seven days. The return to daily activities varied from one to nine days. Non-excisional techniques are associated with fast recovery and low morbidity but recurrence rates are high. Techniques that attempt to additionally treat the inner lining of the sinus have worse recurrence rates than pit picking alone. Recurrence rates do not differ between primary and recurrent disease.
Delving into the modeling and operation of energy communities as epicenters for systemic transformations
Authors: Cristóbal Ana B. , Sanz-Cuadrado Cristina , Zhang Zhe , Victoria Marta , Fialho Luis , Cavaco Afonso , Bokalič Matevž , Narvarte Luis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the emergence of energy communities, this paper explores their operationalization as a tool with which to create large and stable citizen science and education hubs focused on energy, where citizens can have the chance of exploring a first-hand approach to the energy transition. We present the rationale behind an energy community, whose purpose is to generate systemic and transformative changes in local environments. The concept of an energy community is used to reflect the legally recognized union of citizens, which is much stronger than any associative mechanism yet without such a structure. While the latter’s actions and interests align with those of energy communities, its operation mode differs in terms of the priority assigned to each of them. The developed model has been submitted for feedback to three European university communities. The feedback received has highlighted the acceptability of the model and encouraged us to move forward with its implementation. Approximately 90% of the participants in the study would partake in this type of energy community in very diverse ways, which shows the capacity of the model for inclusiveness and universal access to energy experiences. The barriers and drivers expressed by the participants of the study were analyzed to identify the aspects that foster or prevent citizens’ participation. This approach will allow us to define a more responsible action plan when turning these models into reality.
Modelling the thermal conductivity of nanofluids using a novel model of models approach
Authors: Onyiriuka Ekene 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, a unique method for modelling the thermal conductivity of nanofluids is proposed using a "model of models" approach. Three distinct data streams are utilised to achieve this. The first stream uses experimental data to predict thermal conductivity, an input for the primary machine learning model. The other stream involves modelling correlations from previous studies and integrating them as an additional input. Lastly, theoretical data streams are modelled and included as a last stream. By training a model on these combined data streams, the study aims to overcome various challenges in modelling nanofluids' thermophysical properties. The research holds great significance as it can potentially reconcile and understand errors that come with various modelling methods. This could result in improved model performance that closely resembles experimental data. The presented model in the model of models’ approach achieves a remarkable coefficient of determination (R-squared) value of 0.999 on the test data set, showcasing its exceptional accuracy and effectiveness in handling complex data, particularly about the thermophysical properties of nanofluids. Furthermore, this implicit general model comprises of data models incorporating material properties and physical phenomena, offering broad applicability. It is recommended that this approach be extended to viscosity, enhancing the understanding and prediction of nanofluid properties.
Emergence and suppression of chaos in small interdependent networks by localized periodic excitations
Authors: Chacón R. , García-Hoz A. Martínez , Martínez P. J. , Martínez J. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMastering the emergence and suppression of chaos of complex networks is currently a fundamental task for the nonlinear science community with potential relevant applications in diverse fields such as microgrid technologies, neural control engineering, and ecological networks. Here, the emergence and suppression of chaos in a complex network of driven damped pendula, which consists of two small starlike networks coupled by a single link, is investigated in the case where only the two hubs are subject to impulse-induced chaos-mastering excitations. Distinct chaos-mastering scenarios are found which depend on whether the connectivity strategy between the starlike networks is hub-to-hub, hub-to-leaf, or leaf-to-leaf. An explanation is given of the underlying physical mechanisms of these chaos-mastering scenarios and their main characteristics. The findings may be seen as a contribution to an intermediate step towards the long-term goal of mastering chaos in scale-free networks of damped-driven nonlinear systems.
A God Gap Driving a Revolution from Conservative to the Far Right in the United States—With Significance for Europe?
Authors: Pickel Gert , Pickel Susanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor some time now, the Christian right in the United States has sought proximity to the Republican Party. However, it is only since Donald Trump’s presidency that the central desires of the Christian right for a moral change have been fulfilled. This hope has existed since the 1980s and has been expressed in far-above-average voting behavior, especially of white evangelicals and Pentecostals for the Republicans. Thus, the Republicans’ focus on moral issues increasingly links them to the image of white Christian nationalism. This stance opposes transgender issues, homosexuality, abortion, and critical race theory and is preoccupied with America’s founding era and racist structures. Favored by the bipolar electoral system and driven by a politics that differentiates between good and evil, a political polarization is establishing itself that leaves hardly any room for compromise. These developments are not limited to the United States but are beginning to migrate globally, as recent incidents in Brazil, Serbia, and Russia show. The United States can be seen as a prototypical case of a particular form of transformation of a democracy into a polarized political system. A certain understanding of religion plays just as much a role in this as the rejection of plurality, especially at the level of sexual and gender diversity.
Systemic embolization in infective endocarditis
Authors: Kildahl Henrik Agerup , Brenne Evelyn Lauvstad , Dalen Håvard , Wahba Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEmbolism is a common complication in infective endocarditis which may lead to serious complications, such as stroke, intestinal ischemia, and peripheral embolization. A comprehensive literature search was performed and the registry at our centre, including 390 cases of infective endocarditis, diagnosed between 2010 and 2020, was investigated. Large registries show that 20–40% of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) are affected by embolism. In many instances, embolism is present already at the time of diagnosis. The rate of embolism during the hospital stay in our data was 11%. However, only 2% developed clinical embolism during or following surgery. According to recent guidelines, previous embolism, and the presence of vegetations > 10 mm present an indication for surgical treatment. Routine imaging revealed non-symptomatic cerebral embolism in 8.5% of surgical patients. However, it is not clear whether detection of non-symptomatic embolism and consecutive surgical treatment improves the prognosis of infective endocarditis.
Model-based sonification based on the impulse pattern formulation
Authors: Linke Simon , Bader Rolf , Mores Robert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe most common strategy for interactive sonification is parameter mapping sonification, where sensed or defined data is pre-processed and then used to control one or more variables in a signal processing chain. A well-known but rarely used alternative is model-based sonification, where data is fed into a physical or conceptual model that generates or modifies sound. In this paper, we suggest the Impulse Pattern Formulation (IPF) as a model-based sonification strategy. The IPF can model natural systems and interactions, like the sound production of musical instruments, the reverberation in rooms, and human synchronization to a rhythm. Hence, the IPF has the potential to be easy to interpret and intuitive to interact with. Experiment results show that the IPF is able to produce an intuitively interpretable, natural zero, i.e., a coordinate origin. Coordinate origins are necessary to sonify both polarities of a dimension as well as absolute magnitudes.
Prediction and therapeutic targeting of the tumor microenvironment-associated gene CTSK in gastric cancer
Authors: Bai Zilong , Yan Chunyu , Chang Dongmin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Cathepsin-K (CTSK) is overexpressed in Gastric cancer (GC) and the mechanism of its overexpression in GC is still unclear. The present work found CTSK as a potential predictive biomarker and immunotherapeutic target for GC based on the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Methods
From public databases, gene expression profiles and clinical data of GC were downloaded to analyze the distribution of stromal and immune cells and tumor abundance in TME. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with TME were obtained by differential analysis, followed by cross-screening to obtain CTSK as a gene associated with TME. Next, a series of methods and tools were employed to explore the relationships between clinicopathological features of GC and CTSK expression as well as prognosis, tumor immune microenvironment, immune checkpoints and drug sensitivity. And GSEA was used to investigate the potential role of CTSK in the tumor microenvironment of GC.

Results
From the dataset, we obtained a total of 656 DEGs associated with TME and the stromal component of TME was found to be closely involved in GC prognosis. CTSK was cross-screened as the key gene associated with TME by the PPI network and univariate Cox regression analysis. Pan-cancer analysis revealed significant high expression of CTSK in a variety of cancers. Subsequently, we hypothesized that high-expressed CTSK was closely correlated with poor prognosis and lymph node metastasis of tumors, and that CTSK, a GC TME-related gene, was largely involved in a range of biological behaviors of tumors, with a significant correlation between several immune cells.

Conclusion
CTSK was validated as a potential prognostic biomarker related to TME of GC and could be a promising next-generation immunotherapeutic target for GC.