bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impacts of the COVID-19 lockdowns on the work of academic staff at higher education institutions: an international assessment
Authors: Leal Filho Walter , Wall Tony , Salvia Amanda Lange , Vasconcelos Claudio Ruy , Abubakar Ismaila Rimi , Minhas Aprajita , Mifsud Mark , Kozlova Valerija , Lovren Violeta Orlovic , Azadi Hossein , Sharifi Ayyoob , Kovaleva Marina , LeVasseur Todd , Luetz Johannes , Velazquez Luis , Singh Priyatma , Pretorius Rudi , Akib Noor Adelyna Mohammed , Savelyeva Tamara , Brandli Luciana , Muthu Nandhivarman , Lombardi Patrizia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted the life of millions of people around the world and brought changes in many contexts. In higher education institutions, teaching staff had to quickly adapt their teaching and research practices and revisit learning and student engagement strategies. In this context, this paper aimed to report on how the lockdowns influenced the work and lives of academic staff at universities. The methodology consisted of an online survey that collected 201 responses across 39 countries worldwide, and the results were explored using descriptive and exploratory modelling analyses. The findings reveal that the main positive aspect of the work-from-home experience during the lockdowns was the reduction of time spent on commuting, while the inability to disconnect and difficulties in work–life balance were the most commonly indicated negative aspects. The principal component analysis indicated that the pandemic had a moderate power in boosting academic staff towards sustainability, and an important potential of revising academic curricula and teaching–learning relationships. Based on the evidence gathered, recommendations to allow academic staff to better cope with the influence of future pandemics include the increased use of digital resources and new teaching styles, curricula revision for encouraging educators to include more issues related to sustainable development in their teaching and greater institutional support to reduce stressful conditions and improve productivity.
Right ventricular dysfunction in left ventricular assist device candidates: is it time to change our prospective?
Authors: Sciaccaluga Carlotta , Procopio Maria Cristina , Potena Luciano , Masetti Marco , Bernazzali Sonia , Maccherini Massimo , Landra Federico , Righini Francesca Maria , Cameli Matteo , Valente Serafina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe use of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) has significantly increased in the last years, trying to offer a therapeutic alternative to heart transplantation, in light also to the significant heart donor shortage compared to the growing advanced heart failure population. Despite technological improvements in the devices, LVAD-related mortality is still fairly high, with right heart failure being one of the predominant predictors. Therefore, many efforts have been made toward a thorough right ventricular (RV) evaluation prior to LVAD implant, considering clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic, and invasive hemodynamic parameters. However, there is high heterogeneity regarding both which predictor is the strongest as well as the relative cut-off values, and a consensus has not been reached yet, increasing the risk of facing patients in which the distinction between good or poor RV function cannot be surely reached. In parallel, due to technological development and availability of mechanical circulatory support of the RV, LVADs are being considered even in patients with suboptimal RV function. The aim of our review is to analyze the current evidence regarding the role of RV function prior to LVAD and its evaluation, pointing out the extreme variability in parameters that are currently assessed and future prospective regarding new diagnostic tools. Finally, we attempt to gather the available information on the therapeutic strategies to use in the peri-operative phase, in order to reduce the incidence of RV failure, especially in patients in which the preoperative evaluation highlighted some conflicting results with regard to ventricular function.
Short-term mild hyperventilation on intracranial pressure, cerebral autoregulation, and oxygenation in acute brain injury patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Cardim Danilo , Giardina Alberto , Ciliberti Pietro , Battaglini Denise , Berardino Andrea , Uccelli Antonio , Czosnyka Marek , Roccatagliata Luca , Matta Basil , Patroniti Nicolo , Rocco Patricia R. M. , Robba Chiara 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurrent guidelines suggest a target of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) of 32–35 mmHg (mild hypocapnia) as tier 2 for the management of intracranial hypertension. However, the effects of mild hyperventilation on cerebrovascular dynamics are not completely elucidated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes of intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral autoregulation (measured through pressure reactivity index, PRx), and regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO2) parameters before and after induction of mild hyperventilation. Single center, observational study including patients with acute brain injury (ABI) admitted to the intensive care unit undergoing multimodal neuromonitoring and requiring titration of PaCO2 values to mild hypocapnia as tier 2 for the management of intracranial hypertension. Twenty-five patients were included in this study (40% female), median age 64.7 years (Interquartile Range, IQR = 45.9–73.2). Median Glasgow Coma Scale was 6 (IQR = 3–11). After mild hyperventilation, PaCO2 values decreased (from 42 (39–44) to 34 (32–34) mmHg, p < 0.0001), ICP and PRx significantly decreased (from 25.4 (24.1–26.4) to 17.5 (16–21.2) mmHg, p < 0.0001, and from 0.32 (0.1–0.52) to 0.12 (-0.03–0.23), p < 0.0001). rSO2 was statistically but not clinically significantly reduced (from 60% (56–64) to 59% (54–61), p < 0.0001), but the arterial component of rSO2 (ΔO2Hbi, changes in concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin of the total rSO2) decreased from 3.83 (3–6.2) μM.cm to 1.6 (0.5–3.1) μM.cm, p = 0.0001. Mild hyperventilation can reduce ICP and improve cerebral autoregulation, with minimal clinical effects on cerebral oxygenation. However, the arterial component of rSO2 was importantly reduced. Multimodal neuromonitoring is essential when titrating PaCO2 values for ICP management.
Measuring the Coverage of the HL7® FHIR® Standard in Supporting Data Acquisition for 3 Public Health Registries
Authors: Bikkanuri Manju , Robins Taiquitha T. , Wong Lori , Seker Emel , Greer Melody L. , Williams Tremaine B. , Garza Maryam Y. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the increasing need for timely submission of data to state and national public health registries, current manual approaches to data acquisition and submission are insufficient. In clinical practice, federal regulations are now mandating the use of data messaging standards, i.e., the Health Level Seven (HL7®) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR®) standard, to facilitate the electronic exchange of clinical (patient) data. In both research and public health practice, we can also leverage FHIR® ‒ and the infrastructure already in place for supporting exchange of clinical practice data ‒ to enable seamless exchange between the electronic medical record and public health registries. That said, in order to understand the current utility of FHIR® for supporting the public health use case, we must first measure the extent to which the standard resources map to the required registry data elements. Thus, using a systematic mapping approach, we evaluated the level of completeness of the FHIR® standard to support data collection for three public health registries (Trauma, Stroke, and National Surgical Quality Improvement Program). On average, approximately 80% of data elements were available in FHIR® (71%, 77%, and 92%, respectively; inter-annotator agreement rates: 82%, 78%, and 72%, respectively). This tells us that there is the potential for significant automation to support EHR-to-Registry data exchange, which will reduce the amount of manual, error-prone processes and ensure higher data quality. Further, identification of the remaining 20% of data elements that are “not mapped” will enable us to improve the standard and develop profiles that will better fit the registry data model.
The negative theology of absolute infinity: Cantor, mathematics, and humility
Authors: Gutschmidt Rico , Carl Merlin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCantor argued that absolute infinity is beyond mathematical comprehension. His arguments imply that the domain of mathematics cannot be grasped by mathematical means. We argue that this inability constitutes a foundational problem. For Cantor, however, the domain of mathematics does not belong to mathematics, but to theology. We thus discuss the theological significance of Cantor’s treatment of absolute infinity and show that it can be interpreted in terms of negative theology. Proceeding from this interpretation, we refer to the recent debate on absolute generality and argue that the method of diagonalization constitutes a modern version of the vianegativa. On our reading, negative theology can evoke an attitude of humility with respect to the boundedness of the human condition. Along these lines, we think that the foundational problem of mathematics concerning its domain can be addressed through a methodological attitude of humility.
Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation and the Receipt of Cessation Services in a Public, Safety-Net Primary Care System
Authors: Gu Dian , Rafferty Henry , Vijayaraghavan Maya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Prevalence of smoking is high among patients receiving care in safety-net settings, and there is a need to better understand patient factors associated with smoking cessation and receipt of cessation services.

Objective
To identify patient factors associated with smoking cessation attempts and receipt of cessation counseling and pharmacotherapy in a large safety-net health system.

Design
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using EHR data in a safety-net system in San Francisco, CA.

Participants
We included 7384 adult current smokers who had at least three unique primary care encounters with documented smoking status between August 2019 and April 2022.

Main measures
We assessed four outcomes using multivariate generalized estimating equation models: (1) any cessation attempt, indicating a transition in smoking status from “current smoker” to “former smoker”; (2) sustained cessation, defined as transition in smoking status from current smoker to former smokers for two or more consecutive visits; (3) receipt of smoking cessation counseling from healthcare providers; and (4) receipt of pharmacotherapy.

Key Results
Of 7384 current adult smokers, 17.6% had made any cessation attempt, and of those 66.5% had sustained cessation. Most patients (81.1%) received counseling and 41.8% received pharmacotherapy. Factors associated with lower odds of any cessation attempt included being aged 45–64, non-Hispanic black, and experiencing homelessness. The factor associated with lower odds of sustained cessation was being male. Factors associated with lower odds of receiving counseling were being insured by Medicaid or being uninsured. Factors associated with lower odds of receiving pharmacotherapy included speaking languages other than English, being male, and identifying as racial and ethnic minorities.

Conclusions
Health system interventions could close the gap in access to smoking cessation services for unhoused and racial/ethnic minority patients in safety-net settings, thereby increasing cessation among these populations.
CT imaging features of lung ground-glass nodule patients with upgraded intraoperative frozen pathology
Authors: Wang Hongya , Chen Aiping , Wang Kun , Yang He , Wen Wei , Ren Qianrui , Chen Liang , Xu Xinfeng , Zhu Quan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Intraoperative frozen section pathology (FS) is widely used to guide surgical strategies while the accuracy is relatively low. Underestimating the pathological condition may result in inadequate surgical margins. This study aims to identify CT imaging features related to upgraded FS and develop a predictive model.

Methods
Collected data from 860 patients who underwent lung surgery from January to December 2019. We analyzed the consistency rate of FS and categorized the patients into three groups: Group 1 (n = 360) had both FS and Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded section (FP) as non-invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC); Group 2 (n = 128) had FS as non-IAC but FP as IAC; Group 3 (n = 372) had both FS and FP as IAC. Clinical baseline characteristics were compared and propensity score adjustment was used to mitigate the effects of these characteristics. Univariate analyses identified imaging features with inter-group differences. A multivariate analysis was conducted to screen independent risk factors for FS upgrade, after which a logistic regression prediction model was established and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted.

Results
The consistency rate of FS with FP was 84.19%. 26.67% of the patients with non-IAC FS diagnosis were upgraded to IAC. The predictive model’s Area Under Curve (AUC) is 0.785. Consolidation tumor ratio (CTR) ≤ 0.5 and smaller nodule diameter are associated with the underestimation of IAC in FS.

Conclusion
CT imaging has the capacity to effectively detect patients at risk of upstaging during FS.
Airway Complications Related to Lung Transplantation
Authors: Kafi Aarya , Taylor Caleb , Cheng George 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review describes the pathophysiology and risk factors associated with airway complications post lung transplant. We discuss the different types of airway complications (AC) and their management based on recent literature reviews and institutional experience.

Recent Findings
AC are now less frequent due to improvements in procurement, surgical techniques, and post-operative management of lung transplant. Risk factors for AC are well described and involve both donor and recipient factors. The management of airway complications is not universally agreed upon, and data regarding the efficacy of different modalities is limited.

Summary
Airway management requires a multidisciplinary approach between interventional pulmonary, lung transplant, and occasionally surgical teams. With small or limited airway defects, we advocate for conservative medical management. For more extensive airway complications, advanced bronchoscopic techniques may be utilized with good outcomes. Research is needed to validate the efficacy of customized silica stents for airway complications.
On the secondary stall of a wing in tandem configuration
Authors: Shah S.H.R. , Ahmed A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aerodynamic response of a NACA0012 wing section was investigated at a Reynolds number of 100,000 in an open return wind tunnel in the presence of a second wing in tandem. The angle-of-attack of the front wing ranged from −5° to 90° while the rear wing remained at zero incidence. The presence of the downstream wing significantly altered the post-stall behaviour of the upstream wing in the form of a secondary stall characterised by a sudden drop in lift and drag for a specific combination of angle-of-attack and the spacing between the wings. The secondary stall was found to be insensitive to the Reynolds number and the aspect ratio of the downstream wing and did not affect the lift-to-drag ratio. Flow visualisation in the water tunnel indicated that the downstream wing effectively suppressed vortex shedding and lift fluctuations of the upstream wing.
The association between common mental disorders and tuberculosis: a case–control study from Guinea-Bissau
Authors: Larson Lena , Lemvik Grethe , Rudolf Frauke , Gomes Victor Francisco , Schröder Andreas , Wejse Christian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of the study was to explore the association between tuberculosis (TB) and common mental disorders (CMD), in an area with high prevalence of TB.

Methods:
We performed a case–control study of TB patients and unmatched healthy controls, from a demographic surveillance site in Guinea-Bissau. Screening for CMD was performed once for controls and at inclusion and follow-up for TB patients. Kessler 10 (K-10) and a brief version of Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25 (SCL-8d) were used as screening instruments.

Results:
571 controls were interviewed and 416 interviews were performed for 215 TB cases. Estimated CMD prevalence at the time of diagnosis of TB was 33.6 % (SCL-8d) and 46.2 % (K-10), compared with 6.8 % (SCL-8d) and 6.7 % (K-10) among controls; adjusted OR 7.18 (95 % CI 4.07 to 12.67) and 14.52 (95 % CI 8.15 to 25.84), respectively. No significant difference in CMD prevalence rates was observed between TB patients, after 6 months of treatment, and controls.

Conclusion:
Psychological distress and common mental disorders were more prevalent among TB patients at the time of diagnosis compared with the background population, but after completion of TB treatment no increased prevalence of psychological distress was found.
Relative Contributions of Large‐Scale Atmospheric Circulation Dynamics and Anthropogenic Warming to the Unprecedented 2022 Yangtze River Basin Heatwave
Authors: Huang Zeqin , Tan Xuezhi , Liu Bingjun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe unprecedented 2022 Yangtze River Basin (YRB) heatwave is a threat to human society and natural ecology, so the understanding of its underlying drivers is critical to regional climate adaptation and resilience. Here we conducted a multi‐method attribution analysis on the contribution of atmospheric circulation change and anthropogenic impacts to the occurrence probability and intensity of this extreme heatwave. Based on the nonstationary statistical analysis, the 2022 YRB heatwave is a 1‐in‐900‐year event and a 1‐in‐110‐year event with and without considering the 2022 YRB heatwave in the fitting, respectively. The large‐scale meteorological condition analysis shows that the 2022 YRB heatwave is featured with an anomalous high‐pressure system that favors a hot and dry atmospheric column, overlaid by anomalous subsidence and clear skies which leads to warming and greater solar heating. The ensemble constructed circulation analogue analyses show that the circulation anomaly fails to explain the observed 2022 YRB SAT anomalies fully. Specifically, 46% (0.132 ± 0.027°C decade−1) of the observed SAT trend during 1979–2022 (0.290 ± 0.048°C decade−1) is caused by anthropogenic warming and the associated thermodynamic feedback, while the remaining 54% (0.157 ± 0.038°C decade−1) of the trend is caused by changes in the large‐scale atmospheric circulation. Our findings on changes in atmospheric circulation patterns associated with YRB heatwave and anthropogenic contributions to YRB heatwave could provide valuable information for climate adaptation and mitigation strategies in the context of a warming climate.
tRNA epitranscriptomic alterations associated with opioid-induced reward-seeking and long-term opioid withdrawal in male mice
Authors: Blaze Jennifer , Browne Caleb J. , Futamura Rita , Javidfar Behnam , Zachariou Venetia , Nestler Eric J. , Akbarian Schahram 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDNA cytosine methylation has been documented as a potential epigenetic mechanism of transcriptional regulation underlying opioid use disorder. However, methylation of RNA cytosine residues, which would drive another level of biological influence as an epitranscriptomic mechanism of gene and protein regulation has not been studied in the context of addiction. Here, we probed whether chronic morphine exposure could alter tRNA cytosine methylation (m5C) and resulting expression levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region crucial for reward processing and executive function that exhibits opioid-induced molecular restructuring. We identified dynamic changes in glycine tRNA (tRNAGlyGCC) cytosine methylation, corresponding to altered expression levels of this tRNA at multiple timepoints following 15 days of daily morphine. Additionally, a robust increase in methylation, coupled with decreased expression, was present after 30 days of withdrawal, suggesting that repeated opioid administration produces changes to the tRNA regulome long after discontinuation. Furthermore, forebrain-wide knockout of neuronal Nsun2, a tRNA methyltransferase, was associated with disruption of opioid conditioned place preference, and this effect was recapitulated by regional mPFC Nsun2 knockout. Taken together, these studies provide a foundational link between the regulation of tRNA cytosine methylation and opioid reward and highlight the tRNA machinery as a potential therapeutic target in addiction.
Cost of care for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in the United States: 2016 to 2060
Authors: Nandi Arindam , Counts Nathaniel , Bröker Janina , Malik Sabrina , Chen Simiao , Han Rachael , Klusty Jessica , Seligman Benjamin , Tortorice Daniel , Vigo Daniel , Bloom David E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMedical and long-term care for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRDs) can impose a large economic burden on individuals and societies. We estimated the per capita cost of ADRDs care in the in the United States in 2016 and projected future aggregate care costs during 2020–2060. Based on a previously published methodology, we used U.S. Health and Retirement Survey (2010–2016) longitudinal data to estimate formal and informal care costs. In 2016, the estimated per patient cost of formal care was $28,078 (95% confidence interval [CI]: $25,893–$30,433), and informal care cost valued in terms of replacement cost and forgone wages was $36,667 ($34,025–$39,473) and $15,792 ($12,980–$18,713), respectively. Aggregate formal care cost and formal plus informal care cost using replacement cost and forgone wage methods were $196 billion (95% uncertainty range [UR]: $179–$213 billion), $450 billion ($424–$478 billion), and $305 billion ($278–$333 billion), respectively, in 2020. These were projected to increase to $1.4 trillion ($837 billion–$2.2 trillion), $3.3 trillion ($1.9–$5.1 trillion), and $2.2 trillion ($1.3–$3.5 trillion), respectively, in 2060.
Patterns of human and bots behaviour on Twitter conversations about sustainability
Authors: Mouronte-López Mary Luz , Gómez Sánchez-Seco Javier , Benito Rosa M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSustainability is an issue of worldwide concern. Twitter is one of the most popular social networks, which makes it particularly interesting for exploring opinions and characteristics related to issues of social preoccupation. This paper aims to gain a better understanding of the activity related to sustainability that takes place on twitter. In addition to building a mathematical model to identify account typologies (bot and human users), different behavioural patterns were detected using clustering analysis mainly in the mechanisms of posting tweets and retweets). The model took as explanatory variables, certain characteristics of the user’s profile and her/his activity. A lexicon-based sentiment analysis in the period from 2006 to 2022 was also carried out in conjunction with a keyword study based on centrality metrics. We found that, in both bot and human users, messages showed mostly a positive sentiment. Bots had a higher percentage of neutral messages than human users. With respect to the used keywords certain commonalities but also slight differences between humans and bots were identified.