bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow cytometric analysis of CD34+CD38− cells; cell frequency and immunophenotype based on CD45RA expression pattern
Authors: Mizuta Shumpei , Iwasaki Makoto , Bandai Noriko , Yoshida Saya , Watanabe Asami , Takashima Hiroshi , Ueshimo Takeshi , Bandai Kazuhiro , Fujiwara Kensuke , Hiranuma Naoko , Koba Yusuke , Kawata Takahito , Tamekane Akira , Watanabe Mitsumasa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe CD34+CD38− population in bone marrow includes hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Recently, in acute myeloid leukemia, the focus has shifted to flow cytometry analysis targeting CD34+CD38− leukemic cells due to their effectiveness in minimal/measurable residual disease detection and prognosis prediction. Nevertheless, the immunophenotype and cell frequency of these cells in the bone marrow, in the absence of leukemic cells, remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate detailed characteristics of CD34+CD38− cells in both normal and leukemic cells by flow cytometry.MethodsWe compared the cell frequency and immunophenotype of the CD34+CD38− fraction in the following groups: patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and malignant lymphoma as controls (n = 17), post‐treatment patients without abnormal blasts (n = 35), and patients with myeloid malignancies (n = 86). The comparison was based on the presence or absence of CD45RA expression, a marker commonly used to prospectively isolate lymphoid‐primed cell populations within the CD34+CD38− fraction.ResultsThe CD34+CD38−CD45RA+ cell population exhibited a significant expansion in bone marrow without leukemic cells 1 month after cord blood transplantation and in various type of myeloid malignancies, compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Continuous CD45RA expression and notable expansion of the CD34+CD38−CD45RA− population were exclusively observed in myelodysplastic syndrome‐related diseases. The CD34+CD38−CD45RA+ population displayed frequent expression of various markers in both leukemic and non‐leukemic cells, in contrast to the CD34+CD38−CD45RA− population.ConclusionsThe CD34+CD38− fraction should be carefully evaluated considering the nature of normal hematopoietic precursor cells, their cell frequency and immunophenotype, including CD45RA expression pattern, for improving the accuracy of myeloid malignancy diagnosis.
Hybrid deep learning model for wearable sensor‐based stress recognition for Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) system
Authors: Singh Ghanapriya , Chetia Phukan Orchid , Gupta Rinki , Nayyar Anand 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThere are numerous, interrelated, and multi‐dimensional aspects that influence a person's mental health, one of them being stress. Smart wearable technology having physiological and motion sensors has paved the way for real‐time data collection to deliver cutting‐edge information about the stress of individuals. It is now possible to build an Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) system that can recognise the user's stress, revealing the elements that cause stress. However, there are significant gaps in the existing system for stress recognition. To begin with, stress recognition is primarily studied for a specific set of people, such as occupational stress among office working persons or hospital staff during emergency duties, and so forth. Second, most past work on stress recognition has focused on extracting handcrafted traits, which necessitates human interaction and skill. To overcome above mentioned challenges, this work proposes a novel IoMT framework for continuous stress recognition for mental well‐being. This paper presents a hybrid deep learning (DL) approach for automatically retrieving features and classification into various stress states for the IoMT system to address these difficulties. The proposed expanded system gathers data from wearable physiological sensors and feeds it into a convolutional neural network–long short‐term memory (CNN‐LSTM), a hybrid DL classifier. The suggested approach has been tested on the wearable stress and affect detection (WESAD) dataset. It has a reported accuracy of 90.45%, which is higher than previously reported accuracies from existing machine learning (ML) and DL approaches.
Continuity and change in neural plasticity through embryonic morphogenesis, fetal activity‐dependent synaptogenesis, and infant memory consolidation
Authors: Luu Phan , Tucker Don M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is an apparent continuity in human neural development that can be traced to venerable themes of vertebrate morphogenesis that have shaped the evolution of the reptilian telencephalon (including both primitive three‐layered cortex and basal ganglia) and then the subsequent evolution of the mammalian six‐layered neocortex. In this theoretical analysis, we propose that an evolutionary–developmental analysis of these general morphogenetic themes can help to explain the embryonic development of the dual divisions of the limbic system that control the dorsal and ventral networks of the human neocortex. These include the archicortical (dorsal limbic) Papez circuits regulated by the hippocampus that organize spatial, contextual memory, as well as the paleocortical (ventral limbic) circuits that organize object memory. We review evidence that these dorsal and ventral limbic divisions are controlled by the differential actions of brainstem lemnothalamic and midbrain collothalamic arousal control systems, respectively, thereby traversing the vertebrate subcortical neuraxis. These dual control systems are first seen shaping the phyletic morphogenesis of the archicortical and paleocortical foundations of the forebrain in embryogenesis. They then provide dual modes of activity‐dependent synaptic organization in the active (lemnothalamic) and quiet (collothalamic) stages of fetal sleep. Finally, these regulatory systems mature to form the major systems of memory consolidation of postnatal development, including the rapid eye movement (lemnothalamic) consolidation of implicit memory and social attachment in the first year, and then—in a subsequent stage—the non‐REM (collothalamic) consolidation of explicit memory that is integral to the autonomy and individuation of the second year of life.
Intersecting gender identity and racial/ethnic inequities in eating disorder risk factors, symptoms, and diagnosis among U.S. college students: An intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy
Authors: Gordon Allegra R. , Beccia Ariel L. , Egan Natalie , Lipson Sarah K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThere are documented inequities in eating disorders (EDs) by gender and race/ethnicity, yet, little is known about population‐level prevalence of ED risk factors, symptoms, and diagnosis at the intersection of diverse gender and racial/ethnic identities.MethodsData from the Healthy Minds Study 2015–2019 (N = 251,310 U.S. university students) were used in a multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA). Participants were nested in 35 intersectional strata given by all combinations of 5 gender and 7 racial/ethnic categories. Multilevel logistic models with participants at level 1 and intersectional strata at level 2 were used to estimate stratum‐specific predicted prevalence estimates for self‐reported thin‐ideal internalization, ED symptoms, and ED diagnosis. The variance partition coefficient (VPC) was calculated to quantify the contextual effect of the strata.ResultsThere was considerable heterogeneity in the predicted prevalence of our ED outcomes across the strata (e.g., .3%–18.3% for ED diagnoses). There were large disparities in all three outcomes, with transgender participants of color having a higher predicted prevalence than expected based on the additive effects of gender and race/ethnicity. Moderation by race/ethnicity was also apparent, such that racial/ethnic disparities were wider within the cisgender groups relative to the transgender groups. VPCs indicated that ~10% of the total variance in ED outcomes was due to intersectionality between gender and race/ethnicity, over and above variance due to individual‐level differences.ConclusionFindings suggest that gender and racial/ethnic disparities in EDs are interrelated, underscoring the need to develop preventive interventions centering health equity.Public significanceDespite evidence that sexism, racism, and cissexism (i.e., anti‐transgender prejudice) can impact EDs risk, little research examines the social patterning of EDs at the intersection of diverse gender and racial/ethnic identities. Using data from a sample of 250,000 U.S. university students, this study found that gender and racial/ethnic disparities in eating disorder risk are interrelated, highlighting the need to develop health equity centered preventive interventions.
Cyanidin‐3‐galactoside from Aronia melanocarpa ameliorates PM10‐induced pulmonary inflammation by promoting PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway‐mediated alveolar macrophage mitophagy
Authors: Liu Xia , Zhang Xiaowei , Gao Yan , Tian Jinlong , Zhao Jin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAronia melanocarpa is rich in anthocyanin, among which cyanidin‐3‐galactoside (C3G) is the most abundant. Here, we established an experimental model of mice and alveolar macrophage cell line MH‐S exposed to PM10, and C3G was administered to explore the underlying mechanism of C3G exerting protective effects on PM10‐induced lung inflammation. The results showed C3G alleviated PM10‐induced lung inflammation by reducing matrix metalloproteinases production at both gene and protein levels as well as pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels. Autophagy was activated in PM10‐injured alveolar macrophages (AMs), and C3G promoted autophagy indicated by LC3, BECN1, Atg5, Bcl‐2, and P62 expression, and C3G further resisted PM10‐induced AMs apoptosis. Besides, C3G could promote Pink1/Parkin‐mediated mitochondrial autophagy of AMs to alleviate the overexpression of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) so that maintain mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP productions to restrict the distribution of Cyt‐c and further reduce the increasing of caspase 3/7 activity. Therefore, C3G enhanced the clearance of PM10‐damaged mitochondria by promoting AMs mitophagy, thereby reducing the activation of mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis pathway and the production of excess ROS, which reduced AMs apoptosis and secretion of pro‐inflammatory factors to ameliorate PM10‐induced pulmonary inflammation, suggesting that C3G may be as a functional food ingredient with the potential to improve lung health.
Synthesis of 7’‐Substituted 2’‐O‐4’‐C‐Ethylene Bridged Nucleic Acid (ENA)‐Thymidine Monomers
Authors: Sunchu Prabhakar , Gaurrand Sandrine , Lambert Émilie , Guillemont Jérôme , Beigelman Leonid , Brioche Julien , Piettre Serge R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDerivatives of 2’‐O‐4’‐C‐Ethylene‐bridged Nucleic Acid (ENA) monomer, a nucleoside used in the preparation of antisense modified oligonucleotides and featuring an alkyl group in position 7’, are stereoselectively produced in nine steps from commercially available 3‐O‐benzyl‐4‐(hydroxymethyl)‐1,2‐O‐isopropylidene‐alpha‐D‐ribofuranose. The synthesis relies on a sequence of reactions involving a Tebbe olefination, a key ring‐closing metathesis, and an enol ether reduction.
Plant‐based meat alternatives in South Africa: An analysis of products on supermarket shelves
Authors: Moonaisur Nishanie , Marx‐Pienaar Nadene , de Kock Henrietta L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAll over the world, the development of products that resemble meat but contain predominantly plant‐sourced ingredients is a prime focus. Meat obtained by rearing animals is associated with a range of important issues related to the sustainability of the planet. Locally, the topic is trending and the cause of various debates among industry role players. This study aimed to explore and analyze plant‐based meat alternative (PBMA) products in the South African retail market as well as review internal (nutritional content and ingredients) and external (country of origin, cost/kg, and label claims) factors of the products. This study also compared the nutritional content of PBMA and comparative meat products. Seventy‐eight PBMA products were included: plant‐based sausages (n = 23), burgers (n = 31), chicken‐style (n = 11), mince (n = 8), and an “other” (n = 5) category providing for a variety of product lines. Information from product packaging (total fat, saturated fat, fiber, protein, sugar, sodium, carbohydrates, and energy density) was extracted for all PBMA (n = 78) and comparative meat product lines (n = 28). Meat products tended to be comparatively higher in saturated fat, while PBMAs were higher in carbohydrate, sugar, and dietary fiber content. Sodium content of plant‐based mince was approximately five times higher than beef mince. On‐pack claims for PBMAs included vegetarian/vegan/plant based (80% of products), high in/source of protein (48%), containing no genetically modified organisms (GMOs; 16%), and gluten free (26%). The plant protein trend has prompted innovation in PBMAs, however, wide nutrient ranges and higher sodium levels highlight the importance of nutrition guidelines for their development to ensure healthier product offerings to consumers. The findings of this study may assist in exploration of consumers' preferences/attitudes or engagement with PBMA products, which could, in turn, guide new product development within the category. However, information about possible barriers, drivers, consumer expectations, and attitudes toward these products is also required.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of investigating the mutual impact of COVID‐19 and psoriasis: Focusing on COVID‐19 course in psoriasis and the opinion on biologics in this setting
Authors: Ghoreishi Amin Nazila , Khosravi Sepehr , Atefi Najmolsadat , Seirafianpour Farnoosh , Farhoodi Sahand , Goodarzi Azadeh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to investigate the mutual impact of COVID‐19 and psoriasis to inform clinical practice and future research.MethodsWe followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis protocol for systematic reviews and searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar until May 1, 2022. Eligibility criteria included full‐text articles in English reporting COVID‐19 treatment outcomes in psoriasis patients. Studies on animals, letters to editors, non‐English studies, and studies with no access to full articles were excluded. Search results were screened and data were extracted by two groups of reviewers with any discrepancies resolved by the senior author. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS‐I for nonrandomized studies. The hospitalization rate, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission rate, case fatality rate, odds ratios of COVID‐19 infection and hospitalization rate in psoriasis patients were extracted and analyzed using random effects analysis to calculate pooled prevalence and odds ratios, as well as to explore heterogeneity.ResultsWe found 1980 records from four databases and included 20 studies after screening and removing duplicates. These studies evaluated 185,000 psoriasis patients and included eight retrospective cohort studies, one case‐control study, three cross‐sectional studies, and eight case series studies. The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on psoriasis treatment and the outcome of COVID‐19 infection in psoriasis patients receiving different forms of treatment were evaluated. The pooled data from included studies showed that the incidence rate of COVID‐19 infection among psoriasis patients was 0.03% (confidence interval [CI]: 0.01–0.06), with a pooled odds ratio of 1.97 (CI: 0.69–5.60) compared to the general population. The hospitalization rate, ICU admission rate, and case fatality rate for psoriasis patients with COVID‐19 were 0.17 (CI: 0.10–0.31), 0.06 (CI: 0.06–0.46), and 0.02 (CI: 0.01–0.04), respectively. Additionally, psoriasis patients receiving systemic nonbiologic therapy had a pooled odds ratio of 2.32 (CI: 1.18–4.57) for hospitalization compared to those using biologic agents.ConclusionStudies have shown that biologic therapy for psoriasis did not increase the risk of hospitalization due to COVID‐19 infection and may have even offered some protection. Treatment adherence was higher in psoriasis patients receiving biologic therapies than those receiving conventional therapies. These findings suggest that psoriasis treatment did not negatively impact COVID‐19 infection and that treatment could be continued on a case‐by‐case basis during the pandemic.
Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl extract ameliorates ulcerative colitis via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Tong Xiao , Chen Li , He Shijun , Liu Shuangshuang , Yao Jiaying , Shao Zhenguang , Ye Yang , Yao Sheng , Lin Zemin , Zuo Jianping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundUlcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory disease, is caused by abnormal immune system reactions resulting in inflammation and ulcers in the large intestine. Phillygenin (PHI) is a natural compound found in Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, which is known for its antipyretic, anti‐inflammatory, antiobesity, and other biological activities. However, the therapeutic role and molecular mechanisms of PHI on UC are still insufficiently researched.MethodsIn this study, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and 2.5% 2,4,6‐trinitro‐Benzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)‐induced acute UC were used to investigate the therapeutic effects of PHI. We evaluated the effects of PHI on disease activity index (DAI), body weight, mortality, intestinal mucosal barrier, cytokine secretion, and macrophage infiltration into colon tissue using various techniques such as flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RT‐qPCR, and Western blot analysis.ResultsOur findings revealed that PHI has therapeutic properties in UC treatment. PHI was able to maintain body weight, reduce DAI and mortality, restore the intestinal mucosal barrier, and inhibit cytokine secretion. Flow cytometry assay and immunofluorescence indicated that PHI reduces macrophage infiltration into colon tissue. Mechanistically, PHI may exert anti‐inflammatory effects by downregulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway and inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.ConclusionIn conclusion, PHI possesses significant anti‐inflammatory properties and is expected to be a potential drug for UC treatment. Our study delves into the underlying mechanisms of PHI therapy and highlights the potential for further research in developing PHI‐based treatments for UC.
Long noncoding RNA X‐inactive specific transcript (lncRNA XIST) inhibits hepatic insulin resistance by competitively binding microRNA‐182‐5p
Authors: Zhong Guoqing , Yang Qingping , Wang Yihua , Liang Yuan , Wang Xiaojing , Zhao Dongli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhat is highlighted in this study refers to the role and molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) X‐inactive specific transcript (XIST) in cells with insulin resistance (IR).MethodsIn this study, LX‐2 cells were applied to establish IR model in vitro. The expressions of lncRNA XIST, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK,) and glucose‐6‐phosphatase (G6Pase) were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose‐6‐phosphate (2‐DG6P) level was detected utilizing 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (2‐DG) uptake measurement kit. Western blot was adopted to measure the protein expressions of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R), G6Pase, PEPCK, and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway‐related genes. StarBase was used to predict the targeting relationship between lncRNA XIST or IGF‐1R with miR‐182‐5p, the results of which were verified by dual‐luciferase reporter, RNA pull‐down, and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Rescue experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of miR‐182‐5p on IR cells. Next, low‐expressed lncRNA XIST and high‐expressed miR‐182‐5p were observed in IR cells.ResultsUpregulation of lncRNA XIST increased IGF‐1R and 2‐DG6P levels, decreased G6Pase and PEPCK expressions, and promoted PI3K/Akt pathway activation in IR cells. LncRNA XIST sponged miR‐182‐5p which targeted IGF‐1R. MiR‐182‐5p mimic reversed the above effects of lncRNA XIST overexpression on IR cells.ConclusionsIn conclusion, lncRNA XIST/miR‐182‐5p axis alleviates hepatic IR in vitro via IGF‐1R/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which could be the promising therapeutic target.
The Role of the Proteasome in Limiting Cellular Stress Associated with Protein Accumulation
Authors: Kragness Kate A. , Trader Darci J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe proteasome is comprised of multiple subunits that catalyze the degradation of proteins to maintain cellular homeostasis. The proteasome targets protein substrates by two different pathways. The ubiquitin‐dependent pathway requires proteins to be labeled with a ubiquitin tag to signal for degradation by the 26S isoform of the proteasome. Protein degradation through this pathway declines during age progression. The ubiquitin‐independent pathway utilizes the 20S proteasome isoform. It can degrade misfolded and intrinsically disordered proteins to decrease cellular stress. Age‐related protein accumulation and aggregation can occur due to the decreased activity and expression of the proteasome. Protein accumulation causes increased cellular stress which can contribute to disease progression. Increasing proteasome activity could serve as a solution to eliminating and preventing protein accumulation. Studies have shown the value of the proteasome as a therapeutic entity to mitigate cellular stress. This perspective explores the link between proteasome activity and cellular stress caused by age‐related misfolded protein accumulation.