bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the mental health and mental health support available to adolescents in out-of-home care via Adolescent-Focused Low-Intensity Life Story Work: a realist review
Authors: Hammond Simon P , Mickleburgh Ella , Duddy Claire , Hiller Rachel , Neil Elsbeth , Blackett Rosie , Williams Kevin , Wilson Jon , Wong Geoff 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesLife Story Work (LSW) is used to promote the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents living in out-of-home care. LSW should be offered to all but is conventionally delivered in high-intensity ways. Low-intensity approaches are more accessible but there is significant variation and little guidance for supporting adolescents. We aimed to create guidance for Adolescent-Focused Low-Intensity LSW.DesignRealist review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Sociology Collection (ProQuest), CINAHL, CDAS, Web of Science (SCIE, SSCI), Social Care Online and grey literature sources. Searches were performed between December 2021 and March 2022.Eligibility criteriaDocuments on children and adolescents in care, LSW and/or low-intensity interventions to improve mental health were included. Documents focusing on parenting style and contact with birth family were excluded.AnalysisDocuments were analysed using a realist logic of analysis. In consultation with Content Expert Groups (comprising professionals and care leavers), we developed an initial programme theory. Data relating to and challenging the initial programme theory were extracted and context-mechanism-outcome-configurations developed, critiqued and refined in an iterative fashion. Interpretations were drawn from context-mechanism-outcome-configurations to enhance the programme theory.Results75 documents contributed to the analysis. Generally, studies were small-scale and lacked in-depth methods and evaluation descriptions. Findings indicated important factors contribute to the development of high-quality Adolescent-Focused Low-Intensity LSW. Adolescent-Focused Low-Intensity LSW should be person-centred, begin in the now, involve co-construction, record everyday positive life events and be supported by trained carer(s). Context-mechanism-outcome-configurations relating to these themes are reported.ConclusionsUsing this knowledge we developed initial practice guidance to support social care to deliver better quality Adolescent-Focused Low-Intensity LSW more consistently. To address gaps in our knowledge about the impact of Adolescent-Focused Low-Intensity LSW, further primary research is needed to strengthen understandings of how this intervention works (or not) in different contexts.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021279816.
Factors affecting do-not-attempt-resuscitation (DNAR) decisions among adult patients in the emergency department of a general tertiary teaching hospital in China: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Wang Chao-Lan , Liu Yang , Gao Yu-Lei , Li Qing-Song , Liu Yan-Cun , Chai Yan-Fen 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveDo-not-attempt-resuscitation (DNAR) orders are designed to allow patients to opt out of receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the event of a cardiac arrest. While DNAR has become a standard component of medical care, there is limited research available specifically focusing on DNAR orders in the context of emergency departments in China. This study aimed to fill that gap by examining the factors related to DNAR orders among patients in the emergency department of a general tertiary teaching hospital in China.DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingEmergency department.ParticipantsThis study and analysis on adult patients with DNAR or no DNAR data between 1 January 2022 and 1 January 2023 in the emergency department of a large academic comprehensive tertiary teaching hospital. A total of 689 were included in our study.Primary outcome measuresWhether the patient received DNAR was our dependent variable.ResultsAmong the total patients, 365 individuals (53.0%) had DNAR orders. The following variables, including age, sex, age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI), primary diagnosis of cardiogenic or cancer related, history of neurological dysfunction or cancer, were independently associated with the difference between the DNAR group and the no DNAR group. Furthermore, there were significant statistical differences observed in the choice of DNAR among patients with different stages of cancer.ConclusionsIn comparison to the no DNAR group, patients with DNAR were characterised by being older, having a higher proportion of female patients, higher ACCI scores, a lower number of patients with a primary diagnosis of cardiogenic and a higher number of patients with a primary diagnosis of cancer related, history of neurological dysfunction or cancer.
Framework for maternal morbidity and mortality interventions in Ethiopia: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Tadesse Trhas , Regassa Nigatu , Kifle Dereje , Jara Dube , Abegaz Kedir Hussein 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundMaternal morbidity and mortality remain critical public health challenges in Ethiopia with limited evidence on the effectiveness of interventions and health promotion strategies. A scoping review of the existing literature on maternal morbidity and mortality interventions and health promotion in Ethiopia can provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence, identify research gaps and establish a framework for successful maternal morbidity and mortality interventions.ObjectiveThe systematic review seeks to assess the existing literature on maternal morbidity and mortality interventions in Ethiopia to develop an evidence-based framework for effective interventions.MethodThe methodology for this study adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines for systematic review protocol. A comprehensive search strategy will be devised, in compliance with the highly sensitive search guidelines of Cochrane, which will involve using both snowball methods to identify relevant articles and searching electronic databases using specific key search terms. The following databases will be searched for studies to be included in the systematic review: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct and African Journals Online (AJOL).The search will be restricted to English language publications starting from January 2010 to May 2023. In a comprehensive review process, independent reviewers will meticulously assess titles, abstracts and full texts of studies, ensuring alignment with predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria at each stage of selection.Quality evaluation instruments appropriate for each research design will be used to assess the quality of the selected studies. The findings from the included studies will be analysed and summarised using a narrative synthesis approach.Ethics and disseminationSince this systematic review is based on the reviewing of existing literature and will not involve the collection of primary data, ethical approval is not required. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023420990.
Barriers to and facilitators of advance care planning implementation for medical staff after the COVID-19 pandemic: an overview of reviews
Authors: Inokuchi Ryota , Hanari Kyoko , Shimada Kensuke , Iwagami Masao , Sakamoto Ayaka , Sun Yu , Mayers Thomas , Sugiyama Takehiro , Tamiya Nanako 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the capacity for advance care planning (ACP) among patients, families and healthcare teams. We sought to identify and review the barriers to and facilitators of ACP implementation for medical staff in different settings (eg, hospitals, outpatient palliative care, nursing and care homes) during the pandemic.DesignThis study employed an overview of reviews design. We searched the MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Web of Science and Embase databases for studies published between 8 December 2019 and 30 July 2023. We used AMSTAR 2 to assess the risk of bias.ResultsWe included seven reviews. Common barriers to ACP implementation included visitation restrictions, limited resources and personnel and a lack of coordination among healthcare professionals. In care and nursing homes, barriers included a dearth of palliative care physicians and the psychological burden on facility staff. Using telemedicine for information sharing was a common facilitator across settings. In hospitals, facilitators included short-term training in palliative care and palliative care physicians joining the acute care team. In care and nursing homes, facilitators included ACP education and emotional support for staff.ConclusionsVisitation restrictions and limited resources during the pandemic posed obstacles; however, the implementation of ACP was further hindered by insufficient staff education on ACP in hospitals and facilities, as well as a scarcity of information sharing at the community level. These pre-existing issues were magnified by the pandemic, drawing attention to their significance. Short-term staff training programmes and immediate information sharing could better enable ACP.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022351362.
Retinopathy among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy attending hospitals in Mbarara city, south-western Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zamaladi Ibrahimu , Ruvuma Sam , Mceniery Carmel M , Kwaga Teddy , Wilkinson Ian B , Atwine Daniel , Lugobe Henry Mark 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveRetinopathy is one of the complications occurring among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with retinopathy among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in southwestern Uganda.DesignThis was a hospital-based cross-sectional study from November 2019 to March 2020.SettingThree selected hospitals in Mbarara city, south-western Uganda.ParticipantsThe study included all pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe participants were screened for retinopathy using a fundus camera. Data on participant’s sociodemographics, obstetrics and medical factors were collected. The prevalence of retinopathy was determined and multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the independent factors associated with retinopathy.ResultsA total of 216 women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of retinopathy was 60.2% (130/216). The most common retinal lesions were grade 1 retinopathy (narrowing of arterioles) accounting for 86.9% (113/130), grade 3 (retinal haemorrhages) was present in 10% (13/130) of women and grade 4 (papilloedema) in 3% (4/130). In an adjusted analysis, severe hypertension was significantly associated with retinopathy (aOR=2.8; 95% CI: 1.36 to 5.68). Grandmultigravida women were also associated with retinopathy (aOR=2.4; 95% CI: 0.99 to 5.72) with a tendency towards significancy, p=0.051.ConclusionsIn our study, retinopathy was common among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Women presenting with severe hypertension were likely to have retinopathy. There is a need to integrate screening for retinopathy in the care cascade of women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Prediction of recurrent ischaemic stroke using radiomics data and machine learning methods in patients with acute ischaemic stroke: protocol for a multicentre, large sample, prospective observational cohort study in China
Authors: Li Jingyi , Han Mengqi , Chen Yongsen , Wu Bin , Wu Yifan , Jia Weijie , Liu JianMo , Luo Haowen , Yu Pengfei , Tu Jianglong , Kuang Jie , Yi Yingping 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionStroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Recurrent strokes result in prolonged hospitalisation and worsened functional outcomes compared with the initial stroke. Thus, it is critical to identify patients who are at high risk of stroke recurrence. This study is positioned to develop and validate a prediction model using radiomics data and machine learning methods to identify the risk of stroke recurrence in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS).Methods and analysisA total of 1957 patients with AIS will be needed. Enrolment at participating hospitals will continue until the required sample size is reached, and we will recruit as many participants as possible. Multiple indicators including basic clinical data, image data, laboratory data, CYP2C19 genotype and follow-up data will be assessed at various time points during the registry, including baseline, 24 hours, 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months. The primary outcome was stroke recurrence. The secondary outcomes were death events, prognosis scores and adverse events. Imaging images were processed using deep learning algorithms to construct a programme capable of automatically labelling the lesion area and extracting radiomics features. The machine learning algorithms will be applied to integrate cross-scale, multidimensional data for exploratory analysis. Then, an ischaemic stroke recurrence prediction model of the best performance for patients with AIS will be established. Calibration, receiver operating characteristic and decision curve analyses will be evaluated.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received ethical approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (medical research review No.34/2021), and informed consent will be obtained voluntarily. The research findings will be disseminated through publication in journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration numberChiCTR2200055209.
Recurrence risk of myopic choroidal neovascularisation: a systematic review of current study
Authors: Victor Andi Arus , Andayani Gitalisa , Djatikusumo Ari , Yudantha Anggun Rama , Hutapea Mario Marbungaran , Ardhia Seruni Hanna , Suryoadji Kemal Akbar 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe rising prevalence of myopia is a concern in ophthalmology, with myopic choroidal neovascularisation (m-CNV) significantly affecting vision. However, long-term outcomes of m-CNV management have been unsatisfactory, leading to high recurrence rates. These studies aim to identify risk factors for m-CNV recurrence.MethodsComprehensive review followed a pre-registered plan in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The search strategy used various databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus and ScienceDirect using the keywords ‘Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization’, ‘Recurrence’ and ‘Risk’. Eligible studies were identified and analysed based on predetermined criteria. This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD4202343461).ResultsThe systematic review included three retrospective studies investigating risk factors associated with m-CNV recurrence. These factors are: (1) requiring three or more injections for initial disease control, (2) older age, (3) larger myopic macular neovascularisation, (4) juxtafoveal CNV, (5) larger height of hyper-reflective foci (HRF) and (6) destruction or absence of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).ConclusionRisk factors for m-CNV recurrence include a greater number of required injections, older age, large macular CNV, juxtafoveal location, increased HRF height and changes in EZ and RPE structure. Understanding these factors can inform personalised treatment approaches and improve patient outcomes by identifying individuals at higher risk of recurrence and implementing proactive measures to mitigate the impact of m-CNV recurrence and progression. Further investigation is needed to enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and develop innovative therapeutic approaches for effective m-CNV management.PROSPERO registration numberCRD4202343461.
The use and timing of rehabilitation and palliative care to cancer patients, and the influence of social vulnerability – a population-based study
Authors: Møller Jens-Jakob Kjer , la Cour Karen , Pilegaard Marc Sampedro , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg , Bidstrup Pernille , Möller Sören , Jarlbaek Lene 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo identify and investigate different cohorts of cancer patients’ use of physical rehabilitation and specialised palliative care (SPC) services, focusing on patients with incurable cancer and the impact of social vulnerability.MethodsThe sample originated from patients diagnosed during 2013–2018 and alive 1 January 2015. Use of physical rehabilitation and/or SPC units were identified from contacts registered in population-based administrative databases. Competing-risks regression models were applied to investigate disparities with regard to social vulnerability, disease duration, gender and age.ResultsA total of 101 268 patients with cancer were included and 60 125 survived longer than 3 years after their diagnosis. Among the 41 143 patients, who died from cancer, 66%, survived less than 1 year, 23% survived from 1 to 2 years and 11% survived from 2 to 3 years. Contacts regarding physical rehabilitation services appeared in the entire cancer trajectory, whereas contacts regarding SPC showed a steep increase as time drew closer to death. The largest disparity was related to disease duration. Socially vulnerable patients had less contact with SPC, while a larger proportion of the socially vulnerable cancer survivors used rehabilitation, compared with the non-vulnerable patients.ConclusionsThis study provides a previously unseen detailed overview of the use of physical rehabilitation and/or SPC among patients with incurable cancer. The services appeared to overlap at a group level in the cancer trajectory, emphasising the importance of awareness with regard to coordination and combination of the services. Disparities between socially vulnerable or non-vulnerable patients were identified.
Determinants of unmet physical and psychological supportive care needs among adult cancer patients in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Amenu Asaye , Aynalem Amdehiwot , Borie Yacob Abraham , Jemebere Wegene , Molla Ezedin , Samuel Beniyam , Israel Eskinder , Yeheyis Tomas , Assefa Dawit Getachew , Gebrie Meless 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of unmet physical and psychological supportive care needs and associated factors among adult patients with cancer in Southern Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 321 patients with cancer from 20 June 2022 to 5 August 2022 at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital oncology centre. Simple random sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Data were entered into Epi-Data V.4.6 and were exported to SPSS V.26 for analysis. Logistic regression model was used to describe the association between dependent and independent variables.ResultThe mean age of the study participants was 45±14.27. The prevalence of unmet physical and psychological supportive care needs was 47.3% and 71.1%, respectively. Rural residence ((adjusted OR, AOR 2.73; 95% CI (1.27 to 5.83)) and late-stage cancer ((AOR 2.95; 95% CI 1.02 to 8.52) were factors significantly associated with unmet physical supportive care need. Coexisting illness was associated with both unmet physical and psychological supportive care needs (AOR 2.73; 95% CI 1.27 to 5.83) and (AOR 2.71; 95% CI 1.16 to 6.33), respectively.ConclusionNearly half of the study participants had an unmet physical supportive care need while greater than two-thirds had unmet psychological supportive care need. Residence and late-stage cancer were factors significantly associated with physical unmet supportive care need while coexisting illness was associated with both unmet physical and psychological supportive care needs. Hence, supportive care for patients with cancer should be given an emphasis and incorporated into the cancer treatment protocol.
Mycoheterotrophic plants as indicators of post-agricultural forest regeneration: abundance of Hypopitys monotropa and Monotropa uniflora in post-agricultural forests changes through time
Authors: Holmes Marion Andrews 
Published: October 2023

Herbaceous layers in second-growth forests are shaped by past land use. Disturbances such as agriculture may impact populations of mycoheterotrophs, non-photosynthetic mycorrhizal plants that obtain carbon from fungal networks by altering mycorrhizal communities or removing trees they derive carbon from. I tested the hypotheses that two mycoheterotrophic forest herbs increase in abundance during succession and become most common in older forests as plant communities reassemble through time. Distributions of Hypopitys monotropa and Monotropa uniflora were sampled in Athens County, Ohio, USA. I surveyed populations in a 40-site post-agricultural forest chronosequence with five upland and five valley sites in each of four age classes: 40–60, 61–80, 81–100, and >130 years since canopy closure. Aspect and elevation were measured to assess environmental influence. Both H. monotropa and M. uniflora were most common in older stands with EM tree-rich canopy composition and west- or south-facing aspects, indicating influence of historical, biotic, and edaphic factors. Hypopitys was exclusive to forests >80 years old, while M. uniflora was present in younger stands. Abundance of both species was also significantly predicted by Fagaceae basal area. Because EM trees were also most abundant in south- and west-facing uplands, environmental influence appears to be mediated through canopy composition.
Non-forward radiative corrections to electron-carbon scattering
Authors: Mihovilovič M. , Achenbach P. , Ayerbe-Gayoso C. , Bajec M. , Beranek T. , Beričič J. , Bernauer J. C. , Böhm R. , Bosnar D. , Cardinali M. , Correa L. , Debenjak L. , Denig A. , Distler M. O. , Esser A. , Bondy M. I. Ferretti , Fonvieille H. , Friedrich J. M. , Friščić I. , Griffioen K. , Hoek M. , Kegel S. , Stöttinger Y. , Merkel H. , Middleton D. G. , Müller U. , Nungesser L. , Pochodzalla J. , Rohrbeck M. , Majos S. Sánchez , Schlimme B. S. , Schoth M. , Schulz F. , Sfienti C. , Širca S. , Sobczyk J. E. , Štajner S. , Thiel M. , Tyukin A. , Vanderhaeghen M. , Weber A. B. , Weinriefer M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRadiative corrections to elastic scattering represent an important part of the interpretation of electron-induced nuclear reactions at small energy transfers, where they represent a dominant part of the background. Here we present and validate a new event generator for simulating QED radiative processes in electron-carbon scattering that exactly calculates the coherent sum of the Bethe-Heitler amplitudes for the leading diagrams. We demonstrate that the generator describes the shape of the radiative tail of an elastic peak with a precision better than $$10\%$$

10
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over the whole energy range of the scattered electrons and can thus be reliably employed in the analyses of electron scattering experiments for more precise extraction of inelastic cross-sections.