bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B041: Understanding T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia: Diagnosis and treatment options
Authors: Khan Aliya M. , Patterson Kierston R. , Patel Raj , Urisote Sophia Navajas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia, or T-LGL leukemia, is rare cancer affecting T-cells and natural killer cells. It is characterized by the abnormal proliferation of mature T-cells expressing specific markers. Standard treatments involve immunosuppressive therapies. Understanding the diagnosis and treatment options is crucial for optimal care. Case Presentation: A 54-year-old male with chronic anemia and iron overload was initially diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Vidaza followed treatment with Danazol due to negative MDS and myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) results. Concerns of red cell aplasia led to corticosteroid and cyclosporin administration, discontinued during the COVID-19 outbreak. A subsequent biopsy revealed pure red cell aplasia, and the patient was prescribed Cyclosporin and later switched to Danazol. The patient underwent Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) treatment at a cancer center. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed T-LGL leukemia with abnormal CD8-positive T-cells. PCR analysis confirmed clonal T-cell proliferation. Cytogenetics and mutation analyses were negative. The patient is currently receiving Cyclosporin, prednisone, and Jadenu. Conclusion: This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing T-LGL leukemia, a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. The patient's complex medical history and mimicking of other hematologic disorders underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach. Individualized therapy based on clinical response is necessary due to limited treatment options. Further research and prospective trials are essential to establish a standard of care.
Citation Format: Aliya M. Khan, Kierston R. Patterson, Raj Patel, Sophia Navajas Urisote. Understanding T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia: Diagnosis and treatment options [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B041.
Abstract B048: Disparities in treatment course and outcomes in females diagnosed with non-metastatic inflammatory breast cancer
Authors: Lung Kirsten , Sheng Young , George Brandon , Willis Alliric , Lazar Melissa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an uncommon, aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. National treatment guidelines recommend neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and radiation. Disparities in treatment may contribute to survival differences, and few studies have assessed factors contributing to such variation. We aimed to identify demographic and facility differences in treatment and survival among females with non-metastatic IBC. Methods: Secondary analysis of the National Cancer Database (2012-2016) on females diagnosed with non-metastatic IBC was performed. Demographics, treatment, and facility data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed with SAS. Results: A total of 5,438 patients met the inclusion criteria. Receiving surgical intervention was associated with age (p&lt;0.0001), race (p&lt;0.0001), and facility (p=0.03), with increased odds of surgery for younger, white, and comprehensive community cancer program patients. Receiving radiation therapy was associated with age (p &lt;0.0001) and race (p&lt;0.0001), with decreased odds of radiation for older, Black, and Hispanic patients. Receiving chemotherapy was associated with age (p &lt;0.0001), with increased odds of chemotherapy for younger patients. Days from diagnosis to treatment initiation was associated with race (p&lt;0.0001) and facility (p=0.0089), with increased time for Black, Hispanic, and academic facility patients. Survival time was associated with age (p&lt;0.0001), race (p&lt;0.0001), facility (p=0.0002), Charlson-Deyo (CD) score (p&lt;0.0001), and surgery (p&lt;0.0001), with decreased survival for older, Black, non-academic facility, higher CD score, and non-surgery patients. Conclusions: Treatment trends and survival of IBC patients are impacted by sociodemographic and facility-level variation, which, when addressed, may help to improve patient outcomes.
Citation Format: Kirsten Lung, Young Sheng, Brandon George, Alliric Willis, Melissa Lazar. Disparities in treatment course and outcomes in females diagnosed with non-metastatic inflammatory breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B048.
Abstract B063: Association of genetic ancestry with all-cause mortality and cancer mortality among Black and White individuals in the PLCO cohort
Authors: Dill Courtney D. , Crump Dontray , Landy Rebecca , Cheung Li , Huang Wen-Yi , Berndt Sonja , Freedman Neal , Katki Hormuzd 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: It is unknown how much of the increased all-cause mortality and cancer mortality risk in Black individuals is due to race as a social construct versus biological factors such as genetic ancestry. We examined the association of genetic ancestry with all-cause mortality and cancer mortality, controlling for risk factors and self-reported race/ethnicity, in the PLCO cohort. Methods: We used PLCO data from 154,887 participants, including 7,708 Black individuals and 137,562 White individuals. Genetic ancestry was determined by GRAF (https://github.com/ncbi/graf) on a set of 10,000 pre-selected fingerprinting variants. Percent ancestry for each of Europe, Africa, and East-Asia was determined for each person. We fit Cox models for time to death or time to cancer death, controlling for smoking history and other risk factors. Results: Self-reported Black individuals had increased all-cause mortality (HR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.19-1.35, p&lt;0.0001) and cancer mortality (HR=1.25 95%CI: 1.12-1.40, p&lt;0.0001) versus self-reported White individuals. For White individuals, increases in European ancestry were associated with increased death risk, (HR=1.01 per 1% increase in European ancestry, 95% CI:1.01-1.02, p=0.0003) and cancer mortality (HR=1.01, 95%CI:1.00-1.02, p=0.02). For Black individuals, increases in African ancestry were also associated with increased death risk, (HR=1.01 per 1% increase in African ancestry, 95%CI: 1.00-1.01, p=0.01) and cancer mortality (HR=1.01, 95%CI: 1.00-1.04, p=0.13), although not statistically significant. Conclusions: For self-reported White individuals, increasing European ancestry was associated with an increased all-cause mortality and cancer mortality risk. For self-reported Black individuals, there was evidence that increasing African ancestry increases all-cause mortality risk, but not cancer mortality. However, associations with ancestry were small and may be vulnerable to residual confounding. Impact/Significance: A mechanistic explanation for this finding is unclear, but it could be related to population genetic “fitness” with reduced genetic admixture leading to decreased fitness for survival.
Citation Format: Courtney D. Dill, Dontray Crump, Rebecca Landy, Li Cheung, Wen-Yi Huang, Sonja Berndt, Neal Freedman, Hormuzd Katki. Association of genetic ancestry with all-cause mortality and cancer mortality among Black and White individuals in the PLCO cohort [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B063.
Abstract B100: Using a plant-based diet and exercise to improve outcomes in African American postmenopausal breast and endometrial cancer survivors
Authors: Rivers Desiree A. , Leonis Regina , Abdul-Hameed Zakirah A. , Singh Shaliesh A. , Rivers Brian A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Obese postmenopausal African American (AA) women with breast and endometrial cancer are at increased risk of recurrence. Obesity and aging have been associated with changes in the gut microbiota. Plant-based diets, such as soy isoflavone consumption may protect against breast and endometrial cancer. Methods: A mixed-methods, lifestyle intervention study was conducted to evaluate adoption of a whole-food plant-based diet, physical activity, and changes in risk for breast and endometrial cancer among obese, post-menopausal AA women. We examined acceptability and feasibility of adopting a whole-food, plant-based diet and the effect of the diet on reductions in weight, adiposity, inflammation, circulating estrogen, and gut microbiome profile. Results: In 5 focus group discussions, 20 AA women described their knowledge of breast and endometrial cancer risk factors, attitude toward a plant-based diet, experience with making lifestyle changes, and preferences for plant-based alternatives to traditional meat-based meals. This feedback was used to tailor the 4-weeks of plant-based produce boxes provided to the women. Women report being pleased with the food selections; document adherence to the meals and physical activity with food and exercise tracking. Gut microbiome analysis is underway. Conclusion: This study addresses knowledge gaps in breast and endometrial cancer risk and behavioral modifications affecting risk among an obese, post-menopausal AA female population. The long-term goal of this program of research will shed light on the mechanisms involved in the gut microbiome and the contributions of changes to these systems on declining health.
Citation Format: Desiree A. Rivers, Regina Leonis, Zakirah A. Abdul-Hameed, Shaliesh A. Singh, Brian A. Rivers. Using a plant-based diet and exercise to improve outcomes in African American postmenopausal breast and endometrial cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B100.
Abstract C092: Genetic profiling of high grade serous ovarian cancer among women of African ancestry
Authors: Omotoso Ayodele , Ezenkwa Uchenna , Butler Raleigh , Castillo Melissa , Sanchez-Covarrubias Alex , Schlumbrecht Matthew , Pinto Andre , Audu Bala , George Sophia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
(A) AN INTRODUCTORY SENTENCE INDICATING THE PURPOSES OF THE STUDY: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogeneous disease with high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) as the commonest, the most aggressive tumor, which is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and with poor overall survival. Unfortunately, like many other cancer diagnoses, women of West African ancestry (Black women) with ovarian cancer experience worse outcomes than White women. In the US, Black women have higher morbidity and mortality rates and higher un-staged or unclassified tumors compared with White women, resulting in undertreatment with subsequent compromise in progression-free survival. Genomic instability is one of the most common underlying features of ovarian cancer and defective DNA damage repair has been implicated. The goal is to uncover canonical genes associated with the aggressive behavior of HGSOC in a cohort of black women that could explain the biology of this tumor. (B) A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PERTINENT EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) HGSOC tissue blocks from Nigeria in West Africa (WAB), Bahama in Caribbean (CBB), and Miami in USA (USB) were identified and selected after rigorous review and confirmation with immunohistochemical (IHC) markers when needed. Integration of digital histopathology and IHC markers (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Ki67 and P53), whole exome sequence, RNA sequence of the FFPE samples was used to identify the proportion of genomic instability and defective DNA damage repair genes. We use spatial genomic library on tissue microarray (TMA) slide prepared on GeoMx digital spatial profiler (DSP) Nanostring platform to study the biology of the tumor and the tumor microenvironment (TME) and proteogenomics.(C) A SUMMARY OF THE NEW, UNPUBLISHED DATA: The unsupervised principal component analysis of the tumor showed a distinct population of WAB and USB while the CBB showed admixture population. BACH2, ARG1, NAFT2 and FRA10A1 are commonly differentially expressed genes among the cohort. There is low expression of routine IHC markers among the WAB compared to the other groups. Conclusion: There is variation on gene expression by nativity and we hope to explore this variation for therapeutic purpose among black women with ovarian cancer.
Citation Format: Ayodele Omotoso, Uchenna Ezenkwa, Raleigh Butler, Melissa Castillo, Alex Sanchez-Covarrubias, Matthew Schlumbrecht, Andre Pinto, Bala Audu, Sophia George. Genetic profiling of high grade serous ovarian cancer among women of African ancestry [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr C092.
Abstract C137: Action-based modeling for national Indigenous cancer care partnerships: Patient navigation services, health policy, and sustainability
Authors: Roybal Carmela M. , Haring Rodney C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cancer-specific, Indigenous led patient navigation systems are often a gap for Indigenous communities. These communities often face greater cancer health disparities and increased mortality due to late-stage diagnoses. Early detection and navigation are key to life-saving treatment. This quality improvement study shares the foundations for implementation of an Indigenous/rural patient navigation program. The discussion shapes planning and evaluative efforts for the build out of a memorandum of understanding from an NCI-Designated cancer center’s Indigenous cancer service arm (Northeast) towards expansion to an Indigenous community-driven university-based Native American budget and policy institute (Southwest). Program development centers Indigenous underpinnings of wampum agreements, Pueblo cane agreements, tribal sovereignty, and governance. Findings include translational modeling of Indigenous based cancer focused patient navigation successes, robust cross-training collaborations, inter-tribal resource building, incorporation of virtual patient navigation, grass-root partnerships, Indigenous-led community outreach, and health policy development.
Citation Format: Carmela M. Roybal, Rodney C. Haring. Action-based modeling for national Indigenous cancer care partnerships: Patient navigation services, health policy, and sustainability [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr C137.
Abstract IA011: The burden of cancer across Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to continue to rise, however, cancer care services are out of reach for most patients
Authors: Shinkafi-Bagudu Dr. Zainab 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The global burden of cancer is increasingly borne by patients in the low- and middle-income countries. The International Agency for Research on Cancer predicts that by 2030, the global burden of cancer will reach 21.4 million and the annual number of cancer deaths worldwide will reach 13.2 million. “Annual cancer deaths in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) could reach 1 million by 2030, nearly double the 520,000 deaths from cancer that occurred in 2020. Cancer incidence is also projected to double by 2040 to more than 1.4 million cases per year, without rapid interventions, according to a new Lancet Oncology Commission.” For the above reasons, the need to prioritize and decentralize cancer control in low- and middle-income countries cannot be overemphasized. Accelerating cancer control in low resource settings demands concerted effort that is global, national, and local.
Citation Format: Dr. Zainab Shinkafi-Bagudu. The burden of cancer across Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to continue to rise, however, cancer care services are out of reach for most patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr IA011.
Abstract IA018: Sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) collection: Experiences at an NCI-Designated Cancer Center
Authors: Schabath Matthew B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Wide-spread collection of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data has been a barrier to conduct of research to identify disparities and inequitable cancer care among sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. Additionally, lack of SOGI data in electronic health records (EHR) renders clinical care teams unable to integrate such information into appropriate and tailored care and treatment plans and may delay the establishment of respectful, affirming, and knowledgeable relationships between patients and their cancer care teams, and the institutions in which they receive health care. The absence of SOGI data in EHRs also prevents the identification of individuals from SGM groups for inclusion into clinical trials to improve and strengthen the evidence-base for clinical treatment of cancer, from prevention through survivorship. Despite many organizations urging improvement in evidence-based cancer care for SGM populations, satisfactory progress has not yet been achieved in part attributed to the lack of widespread SOGI collection in medical records. As a first step in identifying and remedying real-world disparities and inequity among SGM populations, the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute (Tampa, FL) began collecting sexual orientation in 2016 and gender identity in 2017 as standard-of-care demographic items for all new patients. Moffitt Cancer Center is one of the first NCI-Designated Cancer Centers to collect SOGI as standard-of-care demographics for all patients. All new patients are required to complete the web-based electronic patient questionnaire prior (EPQ) to, or on the day of, their first visit. EPQ data are integrated into the EHR, and available at the point of care. To date, SOGI demographics have been collected on over 150,000 patients and ~3.5% of our patient population are self-identified as a SGM. Leveraging this valuable and largely unique data resource among NCI-Designated Cancer Centers, we have already identified real-world disparities and inequity among SGM persons with cancer. Additional research is underway to address issues related to intersectionality and to identify barriers to improve SOGI disclosure. In this session, we will present our approach to implement institutional-side SOGI collection and dispel myths about the difficulties and barriers to implementing SOGI data collection.
Citation Format: Matthew B. Schabath. Sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) collection: Experiences at an NCI-Designated Cancer Center [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr IA018.
Abstract IA029: Expanding access and participation to early phase clinical trials for our underrepresented populations
Authors: Baranda Joaquina C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) has a firm position that phase I trials provide trials participants potential benefit with improved quality of life, psychological and direct medical benefit. Disproportionate access to novel therapies through early phase clinical trials among underrepresented populations continues to exist. In fact, there is worsening disparity in accrual of patients from racial and ethnic minority groups in phase 1 trials of drugs for metastatic cancer. Access to cutting-edge clinical trials leading to paradigm-changing treatments is critical for cancer care and equity in society, as participation in clinical trials correlates with reduction in mortality. Stark disparities in access and participation to clinical trials impact underserved populations among racial and ethnic minorities, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and geographically isolated populations. The impact of newer therapies, if inadequately studied in underserved populations, may result in poor generalizability of study results and uncertain benefit for these groups. Further, evidence suggests that access to clinical trials narrows the gap in cancer care disparity among patients in urban and rural communities. In response to ethical, clinical, and biologic mandate, the National Cancer Institute’s (NCI) Create Access to Targeted Cancer Therapy for Underserved Populations (CATCH-UP.2020) was created. This congressional mandate was a P30 administrative supplement awarded to eight NCI-designated cancer centers to enhance access to early phase precision medicine Experimental Therapeutics Clinical Trials Network (ETCTN) clinical trials for minority and underserved populations. The purpose of this presentation is to share best practices learned in CATCH-UP.2020 and discuss how this program helped create a roadmap to building a clinical trials ecosystem that allowed expanded access to early phase trials through cross-fertilization of successful tools among the CATCH-UP sites and within ETCTN. In our institution, learned best practices are applied across the spectrum of early phase clinical investigations to help overcome clinical trials disparities using the rural lens. With the goal of bringing precision medicine clinical trials close to home for our underrepresented populations, we aim to accelerate drug development without leaving anyone behind.
Citation Format: Joaquina C. Baranda. Expanding access and participation to early phase clinical trials for our underrepresented populations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr IA029.