bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth response of sweet kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) seeds due to kinetin and coconut water application using tissue culture technique
Authors: Handayani R S , Nilahayati N , Ismadi I , Akmal A , Aprilia D , Sevia E D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Sweet kaffir lime is one of Aceh’s local fruit crops, which is rarely found anymore. The problem of sweet kaffir lime cultivation is the difficulty of generative and vegetative plant propagation. The general objective of this research is to preserve the Acehnese sweet kaffir lime from extinction. One way that can be done is through plant propagation in tissue culture. The experiment was conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Malikussaleh. This research used a two-factor, completely randomized design, and ten replications. Two factors were tried: the concentration of kinetin (0, 1, and 2 mg/L) and the concentration of young coconut water (0, 15, 30 %). The results showed that increasing kinetin concentration could reduce shoot length, number of leaves, root length and slow the root emergence time of sweet kaffir lime in vitro. The best treatment was the 0 mg/L kinetin (without kinetin). Increasing coconut water concentration could increase shoot length, number of leaves, and root length of sweet kaffir lime in vitro. The best treatment was 30% coconut water concentration.
Response of arabica coffee populations on coffee leaf rust in two weather conditions in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Malau Sabam , Tampubolon Bangun , Lumbanraja Parlindungan , Sihotang Maria R , Naibaho Benika 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease is seriously threatening the sustainability of coffee production in many countries. The incidence and severity as CLR parameters generally depend on the coffee plant, pathogen, and environment. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of arabica coffee populations and weather conditions on CLR parameters. The study was carried out using a field experiment with seven groups of arabica coffee populations in different weathers in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The results showed that the arabica coffee population P7 from District Toba had high resistance to wet weather. Furthermore, all the population groups showed higher degree of CLR parameters in dry than wet weather, while a significant interaction between the population and the weather was observed on branch rust incidence, leaf rust incidence, and severity. Moreover, H. vastatrix races were probably varied and had different adaptability to weather changes, which was the most decisive factor for the dispersal and severity of CLR. The CLR parameters in the dry weather did not correlate with the parameters in the wet weather and vice versa. The total rainfall and the number of the rainy day reduced the CLR dispersal and severity.
Drying gayo coffee under natural processing by using modified Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer in Gayo highland
Authors: Khathir R , Yunita Y , Agustina R , Jayanti D S , Siagian A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Gayo highland has relatively low daily temperature which is not effective for drying coffee. The objective of this study was to examine the operation of modified type Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer with 33% absorber area for drying coffee under natural processing in Gayo highland. About 9kg coffee cherries were dried by using the dryer and about 1 kg was dried under sun drying method. Results showed that the drying temperature of modified type Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer was higher about 9 to 14°C than the temperature of sun drying method. However, the relative humidity was about 40% both inside the drying chamber and outside the dryer. In order to reach the moisture below 14%, the drying time of coffee cherries by using the Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer may take for 8—9 days (64—72h) whereas the drying time by using sun drying method needs about 40 days (320h). It was found that the drying rate of coffee cherries dried by using Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer was higher than that of dried by sun drying method. In conclusion, the modified type Hohenheim solar tunnel dryer is promising to be used by farmers in Gayo highland.
Behavior and performance of the integrated farming system model for cassava agribusiness development in Aceh Besar regency
Authors: Hakim L , Widyawati  , Monalisa  , Safrida  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyze the behavior and performance of the integrated farming system model to support the sustainable and competitive development of cassava agribusiness. This study was conducted in Aceh Besar Regency using a system dynamics methodology approach. Data and information were collected through action research, observation, and interviews. The analysis and discussion were carried out using policy structure diagrams and simulations. The model formulation and data analysis were performed using Veneta Simulation software (Vensim PLE). The research findings indicate that the behavior and performance of the integrated farming system model are significantly influenced by three groups of system behaviors, namely: (1) production facilities subsystem, (2) production subsystem, and (3) processing and marketing subsystem. The interaction among these three groups of system behaviors is expected to support the sustainable and competitive development of cassava agribusiness in Aceh Besar Regency.
The effect of tree shading on soil temperature at Arabica coffee plantation (Coffea arabica L.)
Authors: Hidayat F , Zaitun Z , Mayani N , Erika C , Halim A , Alhafiz P 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Coffee is a group of plants that require partial light (C3), whose cultivation combines the use of shade trees and cultivated plants with the aim of increasing production and maintaining the microclimate around the cultivated plants. The shade provided by shade trees will have a significant effect on soil temperature and water content. The growth and development of a cultivated plant is strongly influenced by water content, on the other hand, water content also affects soil temperature. The optimal air temperature needed by Arabica coffee plants is 18-21°C, while the soil temperature suitable for Arabica coffee plants is 21°C. The research was needed to determine the effect of shade tree type on the soil temperature of Arabica coffee plants. This research was at the Koperasi Ribang Gayo Musara, Pantan Musara Village, Pegasing Subdistrict, Central Aceh District, Aceh Province. This research used a non-factorial randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. Treatments consisted of shade tree type on coffee plants were control/no shade, small lamtoro shade (Leucaena leucocephala ssp. leucocephala), big lamtoro shade (Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata), banana shade (Musa paradisiaca L.), avocado shade (Persea americana Mill.). The results showed that the shade tree type had a significant effect on soil temperature at a depth of 0, 10, and 20 cm. Coffee plants that were shaded by avocado trees have better temperatures for coffee plants and can reduce soil temperature until they reach optimal temperatures.
The effects of dosages of potassium fertilizer on growth and harvest index of two types of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Authors: Hayati M , Saparudin  , Kurniawan T , Hifnalisa  , Muzaifa M , Ichsan C N , Nura  , Faudiah N 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research aims to determine the effect of potassium fertilizer dosages and the type of sweet potato plant as well as the interaction between these two factors on the growth and harvest index of sweet potato plants. This research was carried out at Saree, Aceh Besar Regency and the Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam, Banda Aceh. This research was carried out for 4.5 months from April to September 2023. The research design used was a Randomized Block Design with a 4 x 2 factorial pattern with 3 replications, so that there were 8 treatment combinations consisting of two factors, namely the dosages of potassium fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely: control, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha−1and sweet potato types consisting of 2 levels, namely: Saree local clone and Cilembu. The results of the research showed that the plant growth and harvest index were better when treated with a potassium fertilizer dosage of 300 kg ha−1. Better plant growth and harvest index were found in the Cilembu variety. There was no significant interaction between dosages of potassium fertilizer and types of sweet potato plants on all the parameters observed.
Reproduction characteristics of local female buffalo in Suka Makmue and Seunagan Districts, Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh Province
Authors: Novita C I , Muliyani S , Gaznur Z M , Sari E M , Abdullah M A N 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the reproductive performance of local buffalo in Suka Makmue and Seunagan District, Nagan Raya Regency. The number of samples taken in this study included two districts, namely Suka Makmue and Seunagan. The data needed (1) age at first puberty, (2) first mating, (3) length of gestastion, (4) age at first calving, (5) service period and (6) calving interval. The data obtained from this study are Suka Makmue District, the average age of first puberty is 36.76±0.80 months, first mating occurs at 37.53±0.84 months, length of gestastion is 10.65± 0.20 months, age at first calving 49.48±7.17 months, and calving interval 5.73±0.38 months. Meanwhile, in Seunagan District, the first puberty was 37.46±0.72 months, first mating occurred at 37.67±0.54 months, length of gestastion was 10.73±0.15 months, age at first calving was 48.39±0.53 months, and calving interval 5.86±0.26 months. The data obtained showed that female local buffalo in the Suka Makmue and Seunagan District, Nagan Raya Regency, had bad characteristics.
Characteristics of drying cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) using a portable type of dryer
Authors: Longdong I A , Matahari V M , Tooy D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Agricultural materials need to be dried because they are perishable and overgrown by microbes. Sun drying is helpful because it is cheap and available, but it is often interrupted if the weather is cloudy or rainy. If the dryer is large, it will be difficult to move. In this study, a designed portable dryer was technically tested on cayenne pepper. The research method was carried out experimentally. The results showed that the temperature inside can reach 55.8 0 C-57.09 °C. The length of effective time for drying cayenne pepper using the portable dryer takes a range of 23-28 hours, with an average initial moisture content of 75.01% reaching the final moisture content of 9.05%. The drying rate time is 2.64% / hour. Further research suggests the presence of artificial airflow in the dryer so that the uniformity of water content reduction in each drying shelf can be achieved.
Fabrication of Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA) Grafted Cellulose from Rice Straw
Authors: Zulasma M A , Rahmi R , Lelifajri L 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize cellulose grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). Cellulose was isolated from rice straw by chemical method. The acid concentration used during the hydrolysis process affects the size of the cellulose produced, therefore in this study different concentrations of sulfuric acid (50%, 60%, and 70%) were used. Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) results showed the best concentration of sulfuric acid was 50%. Glycidyl methacrylate-grafted cellulose (GMA-g-C) was prepared by different concentration of GMA (15%, 20%, and 25%). GMA-g-C particles were characterized by FT-IR and XRD. FT-IR spectra confirmed the formation of GMA-g-C and XRD data showed the decrease in crystallinity of cellulose after grafting process. The optimum grafting conditions were obtained at 20% GMA with a grafting percentage (Pg) of 233.3% and grafting efficiency (GE) of 27.26%.
Validation of molecular markers associated with amylose content of F8 and F9 lines resulting from a crossing of Black Rice and Mentik Wangi
Authors: Suprayogi S , Oktaviani E , Riyanto A , Prakoso B , Naufal R , Shafaa N A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The development of black rice with a fluffier texture at Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, which began in 2004, was carried out by crossing local black rice with the Mentik Wangi variety. At present, six black rice advanced breeding lines are ready for multi-location yield trials. Meanwhile, developing molecular marker-based plant breeding methods can facilitate a more efficient selection process. An important stage in developing molecular markers is marker validation, which aims to test the effectiveness in determining phenotypes in various genotypic and in new populations that differ from others based on the link between the marker and the expected character identified. This research aimed to determine molecular markers that can differentiate the level of amylose content in populations of F8 and F9 lines. The research was carried out on 10 (ten) genotypes consisting of the control variety Logawa, IRPM 112-19- 56, black rice, Mentik Wangi, and six lines. The amplification of the RM190, Wx and SSIIa markers showed polymorphic band. Based on the simple linear regression analysis, in F9, the SSIIa marker had the highest coefficient of determination compared to other markers. Hence, it had the greatest possibility of being a marker for selecting rice based on amylose content.
Investigation of termite attack, Macrotermes gilvus Hagen (Termitidae: Blattodea), to cocoa (Theobroma cacao)
Authors: Anjelia V , Rizki A , Jauharlina J , Sutekad D , Yasmin Y , Dharma W , Rahmadani R , Syaukani S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Macrotermes gilvus is a major pest in the cocoa cultivation industry in Indonesia, with huge productivity. The success of a termite control technology is largely determined by the availability of information about the biology of termites which are pests. Investigating M. gilvus attacks was surveyed on polyculture cocoa plantations in Pidie, Aceh Tamiang, and Southeast Aceh Districts, Aceh Province. We found various levels of termite attacks characterized by mounds (nests) and galleries on the cocoa. The presence of nests and galleries damages the pith tissue and creates empty spaces, which are later filled with soil. Lack of land sanitation can trigger termite attacks on the plantations.
Agronomic character and productivity of improved Acehnese rice lines under upland cultivation system
Authors: Gusmelly R , Rahmawati M , Hidayat T , Oktarina H , Zakaria S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The improvement of Sigupai has been conducted by inserting Sd-1 gene into its progenies resulting in a shorter lifespan and higher productivity. Through this improvement process, a number of new lines have been produced. However, the adaptataion ability of these lines when cultivated under an upland cultivation system is unclear. The purpose of this research is to determine the agronomic character and productivity of these improved lines under upland cultivation system. The research was conducted at Experimental Garden and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala from March to July 2023. The experimental design used in the research was a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 7 new improved lines, T5.3.12.1.3.12; T5.3.12.1.5.2; T9.1.7.6.9.12; T9.6.1.6.12.1; T9.8.8.3.5.9; T29.2.11.10.7.2; T29.8.5.2.12.12 with 3 replications. The parameters observed were plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, flowering time, harvest time, the weight of filled grains per hill, the weight of 1000 grains, and estimated production per hectare. Research results showed that the lines had significant differences on plant height at 4,6, and 8 week after transplanting (WAT) and at harvesting time, the number of tillers at 4,6, and 8 WAT and weight of 1000 grains. The lines T5.3.12.1.3.12 and T5.3.12.1.5.2 were prospective for upland cultivation with a plant height <110 cm, harvesting time <125 day after sowing (DAS), and estimated production 5.28- 6.03 tons ha−1.
Determining Rice Farming Risk Priorities in North Aceh Regency.
Authors: Rahmaddiansyah R , Agussabti A , Sabaruddin S , Munawar A A , Nasrullah N 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
North Aceh is the main rice-producing district in the Indonesian province of Aceh. This research aims to determine the level of risk, the impact of risk, and the risks that must be prioritized in rice farming businesses in North Aceh Regency. The type of data used in this research is primary and secondary data. Data was collected using a survey method involving 180 respondents using a snowball sampling technique. The data analysis method used in this research is the Risk Calculator method. Risk Calculator is a method for determining priority risks. We found that the risks that need to be a top priority are bird pest attacks, rat pest attacks, Kresek disease attacks, blast disease attacks, and the risk of expensive farm labor wages and high harvest costs.
Identification of loval cultivars of red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in Lubuk Cuik village, Batu Bara district
Authors: Maulana K S , Hanafiah D S , Nugraha F , Wahyuni H , Alfi R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Producing superior seeds for chili plants that are resistant to biotic stress is one of the efforts in plant breeding. Characterization/evaluation of germplasm is the initial stage in plant breeding activities. This research aimed to identify the morphological characters of the red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in Lima Puluh Pesisir District, in order to obtain initial material for the genetic assembly of superior seeds of chili plants that are superior to biotic stress. This research was conducted in Lima Puluh Pesisir District in the villages of Lubuk Cuik, from March to Mei 2023 used a descriptive survey method using IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) descriptor. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. The samples used 9 plants from 3 farmers. The results of this study indicate that there are local chili cultivars that have superior characteristics and have the potential to be developed. Local chili cultivars have a wide phenotypic diversity in the characters of plant height, number of seeds per fruit, canopy width, weight per fruit and harvest age.
Nematicidal effectivity of neem oil, castor oil, and pyrethroids toward foliar nematode (Aphelenchoides fragariae) mortality
Authors: Djiwanti S R , Rismayani  , Harni R , Aunillah A 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe nematicidal activity of neem oil, castor oil, and pyrethroids (deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin) was assessed in triplicate towardA. fragariaemortalityin vitro. Carbamate carbosulfan was used as a comparative chemical. All chemicals tested have a contact poison activity for nematodes. About 25 to 50 nematode vermiforms consisting of larvae and adults were soaked in 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% of botanical oils and pyrethroids solutions for 1 hour, and the dead nematode was then counted under 100x magnification of a compound microscope. The results showed that the mortality rate ofA. fragariaethat was exposed to neem oil, castor oil, deltamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin, and carbosulfan solution with several concentration levels was significantly higher when compared to the mortality rate in the water(P <0.05). On 1.0% concentration, neem oil was more effective in killing the nematode (84.85% mortality) than castor oil (36.52% mortality), and deltamethrin was more effective (74.27% mortality) than λ-cyhalothrin (54.19% mortality. LC50of neem oil was 0,680 μlml−1, deltamethrin was 0.517 μlml−1, and carbosulfan was 0.545 μlml−1. The regression equation for neem oil is y = 60.295x with R2= 0.9551, while for deltamethrin is y = 42.499x + 21.066 with R2= 0.8709.
A study of chemical compounds and antimicrobial activities of Vernonia amygdanlina extract from different areas and the age of leaves as animals’ feed additives
Authors: Samadi  , Ilham  , Wahyudi I , Wajizah S , Sugito  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Herbal plants have been used as an alternative to replace the use of antibiotics in animal production. African leaves (Vernonia amygdalina) are herbal plants that have medicinal properties. This study was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the biochemical and antimicrobial compounds of African leaf extract as a phytogenic supplement in animal feed. African leaves (V. amygdalina) which grow massively in Aceh were extracted using 96% ethanol solvent in 1:3 ratio. There were 4 African leaf samples differentiated according to young and old leaves that grow in the highlands and lowlands used in this study. Biochemical compound testing was carried out using a qualitative phytochemical screening method and antimicrobial testing (Salmonella and Escherichia coli) using the Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method using Salmonella enterica sv Typhimurium ATCC 14028 and E. coli ATCC 25922 bacteria with a Mc Farland standard of 0.5. Phytochemical test results show that African leaves contain alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids and phenolics. Meanwhile, the results of antimicrobial testing did not show inhibition against Salmonella and Escherichia coli bacteria. This research concluded that the extracted leaves of African plants had the potential to be administrated as a phytogenic additional feed.
Effect of eco-enzymes on vegetative and generative growth in several kipas putih soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) mutant lines
Authors: Gustina Lia , Zuyasna  , Nura  
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research used soybeans resulting from gamma-ray radiation mutations of the Kipas Putih variety to obtain new superior varieties that are better than their parents. The research was carried out at the East Sector 2 Experimental Garden, as well as the Genetics and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University from April to July 2023. This research used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) in a 2 x 4 factorial pattern with 3 replications so that there are 24 experimental units. The first factor is the concentration of ecoenzyme (K) which consists of 2 levels (without eco-enzyme and 10 ml L−1), while the second factor was the soybean line which consists of 4 levels, namely mutants B4, B7, B18, and the Kipas Putih (parent) variety. The results showed that the application of 10 ml L−1eco-enzyme had an influence on the parameters of plant height, number of productive branches, number of pods, number of pithy pods, and percentage of pithy pods. The Kipas Putih G1 (B4) soybean mutant line was the best in terms of the number of pithy pods. The Kipas Putih G2 (B7) soybean mutant line was the best in the parameters of harvest age, flowering age, number of pods, and seed weight per plant. The best interaction of eco-enzyme with mutant lines was found in mutant lines G3 (B18) and G2 (B7) when given 10 ml L−1of eco-enzyme based on the parameters of the number of productive branches and seed weight per plant.