bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of utilisation of government programmes and services by pregnant women in India
Authors: Mehta Balwant Singh , Alambusha Ruby , Misra Archa , Mehta Nidhi , Madan Aditi 
Published: October 2023

Background
Since the implementation of various maternal health programs, Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) has significantly declined in India through improvements in maternal health services. However, inequality persists at the regional and socio-economic levels. In light of this, the present study aims to assess the existing regional disparities in utilising various government initiatives for safe motherhood in India.

Methods
National-level datasets such as National Family and Health Surveys (NFHS-3 (2005–06); NFHS-4 (2015–16) and NFHS-5(2019–21); Health Management Information System (HMIS), 2019–20; Sample Registrar System (SRS), 2001–2018) were used in the study. In addition, composite Index and inequality measures (Range, Ratio, and Gini) were calculated to examine inequality. At the same time, the Pearson correlation was used to investigate the correlation between various components of maternal health services and Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR).

Results
The composite index score (0.65) reflects that India is still far behind the targets of the utilisation of maternal health care services. Within the utilisation of services, the Gini coefficient reveals that the least inequality was recorded in skilled birth assistance deliveries (0.03) and institutional deliveries (0.04). In contrast, the highest inequality was recorded in receiving Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) Tablets for 100 days (0.19) and four Antenatal Care (ANC) visits (0.13) among selected states. Based on the composite score for maternal health utilisation, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, and Delhi were amongst the best performers, whereas Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam were amongst the worst performers.

Conclusion
This indicates that the government’s single-minded focus on enhancing institutional deliveries and skilled health-assisted deliveries has detracted from other essential interventions related to maternal health. Therefore, the states with the utilisation of maternal services need to initiate immediate action to increase the ANC and Post-natal Care (PNC utilisation with more attention towards better implementation of existing ANC programmes by the government.
Clinical spine care partnerships between high-income countries and low-and-middle-income countries: A scoping review
Authors: Lin Hannah , Halvorsen Kristin , Win Myat Thu , Yancey Michael , Rbil Nada , Chatterjee Abhinaba , Jivanelli Bridget , Khormaee Sariah 
Published: October 2023

Background
Clinical collaboration between spine professionals in high-income countries (HICs) and low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) may provide improvements in the accessibility, efficacy, and safety of global spine care. Currently, the scope and effectiveness of these collaborations remain unclear. In this review, we describe the literature on the current state of these partnerships to provide a framework for exploring future best practices.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were queried for articles on spine-based clinical partnerships between HICs and LMICs published between 2000 and March 10, 2023. This search yielded 1528 total publications. After systematic screening, nineteen articles were included in the final review.

Results
All published partnerships involved direct clinical care and 13/19 included clinical training of local providers. Most of the published collaborations reviewed involved one of four major global outreach organizations with the majority of sites in Africa. Participants were primarily physicians and physicians-in-training. Only 5/19 studies reported needs assessments prior to starting their partnerships. Articles were split on evaluative focus, with some only evaluating clinical outcomes and some evaluating the nature of the partnership itself.

Conclusions
Published studies on spine-focused clinical partnerships between HICs and LMICs remain scarce. Those that are published often do not report needs assessments and formal metrics to evaluate the efficacy of such partnerships. Toward improving the quality of spine care globally, we recommend an increase in the quality and quantity of published studies involving clinical collaborations between HICs and LICs, with careful attention to reporting early needs assessments and evaluation strategies.
Willingness of advanced cancer patients to receive palliative care and its determinants: A cross-sectional study in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Mushi Grace Leonard , Serventi Furaha , Alloyce Julius Pius , Saria Vivian Frank , Xu Xianghua , Khan Khalid , Cheng Qinqin , Chen Yongyi 
Published: October 2023

Background
The purpose of this study was to assess willingness of advanced cancer patients to receive palliative care and its determinants at Cancer Care Centre in Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Northern Tanzania.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess willingness of advanced cancer patients to receive palliative care and its determinants at Cancer Care Centre in Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Northern Tanzania.

Methods
This was an institution-based cross-sectional study and the target population was all advanced cancer patients attending care at Cancer care Centre in Northern Tanzania. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using Stata for windows 15. A descriptive analysis was conducted to summarize the data using mean standard deviation, while categorical data was summarized using frequency and percentages. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors associated with willingness to receive palliative care.

Results
The results showed that more than half of the respondents had willingness to accept palliative care. The degree of willingness PC among advanced cancer patients was high 60.6% (95%CI: 55.8–65.3). The predictors which remained significant associated with willingness to receive palliative care in multivariate analysis were the knowledgeable of palliative care [AOR: 2.86; 95%CI: 1.69–4.85] and high perceived benefits of palliative care [AOR: 3.58; 95%CI: 2.12–6.04].

Conclusion
Willingness to accept palliative care services was more than half of the patients just 60.6% among patients with advanced cancer from the study site. Advanced age of a patient, occupations, better knowledge, and perceived benefits for palliative care was the significant predictor for patients’ willingness to accept palliative care.
Magnitude, relationship and determinants of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression among University of Gondar undergraduate students, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: Non-recursive structural equation modeling
Authors: Tilahun Werkneh Melkie , Wolde Haileab Fekadu , Gebreegziabher Zenebe Abebe , Abebaw Wondwosen Abey , Simegn Mulat Belay , Tadesse Asefa Adimasu 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundUp to 80% of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have a concomitant psychiatric disorder. ADHD and depression, combined with the demands of University life, can pose serious challenges for students. However, there are limited studies conducted on this topic in our country. Therefore, the current study assessed the magnitude, relationship, and determinants of ADHD and depressive symptoms among students at the University of Gondar.MethodAn institution-based cross-sectional study was employed among 1514 undergraduate students at the University of Gondar from June 1–20, 2022. A stratified, simple random sampling technique was applied. Structural equation modeling was employed. The degree of relationship was interpreted based on the adjusted regression coefficient with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value (<0.05).ResultIn our study, 37.6% [CI: 35.2–40.1%] and 20.01% [CI: 18.1–22.1%] of the participants had depressive and ADHD symptoms, respectively. Chronic illness [β = 0.19, CI; 0.09, 0.30], alcohol use [β = 0.10, CI; 0.03, 0.17], social support [β = -0.23, CI; -0.29, -0.17], problematic internet use (PIU) [β = 0.23, CI; 0.18, 0.27], and insomnia [β = 0.24, CI; 0.17, 0.30] had a direct relationship with depressive symptoms. Mother education level [β = -0.09, CI; -0.13, -0.06], birth order [β = -0.09, CI; -0.11, -0.07], chat chewing [β = 0.18, CI; 0.06, 0.30], and depressive symptoms [β = 0.73, CI; 0.62, 0.86] had a direct relationship with ADHD. Chronic illness [β = 0.14, CI; 0.06, 0.22], PIU [β = 0.16, CI; 0.13, 0.21], social support [β = -0.16, CI; -0.22, -0.12], and insomnia [β = 0.17, CI; 0.13, 0.23] had an indirect effect on ADHD.Conclusion and recommendationThe prevalence of ADHD and depressive symptoms was high. Chronic disease, alcohol use, social support, PIU, and insomnia had a direct effect on depressive symptoms and an indirect effect on ADHD. Mother education, birth order, chat chewing, and depressive symptoms had a direct effect on ADHD. Our study provided useful clues for clinical treatment and school-based interventions that aim to improve college students’ mental well-being. It is better to design school-based intervention and prevention programs to achieve timely diagnosis and treatment of these disorders among university students.
Postpartum haemorrhage occurring in UK midwifery units: A national population-based case-control study to investigate incidence, risk factors and outcomes
Authors: Elkington Madeline , Kurinczuk Jennifer J. , Pasupathy Dharmintra , Plachcinski Rachel , Rogers Jane , Williams Catherine , Rowe Rachel ,   on behalf of the UKMidSS Steering Group
Published: October 2023

Objectives
To estimate the incidence of, and investigate risk factors for, postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) requiring transfer to obstetric care following birth in midwifery units (MU) in the UK; to describe outcomes for women who experience PPH requiring transfer to obstetric care.

Methods
We conducted a national population-based case-control study in all MUs in the UK using the UK Midwifery Study System (UKMidSS). Between September 2019 and February 2020, 1501 women with PPH requiring transfer to obstetric care following birth in an MU, and 1475 control women were identified. We used multivariable logistic regression, generating adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to investigate risk factors for PPH requiring transfer to obstetric care.

Results
The incidence of PPH requiring transfer to obstetric care following birth in an MU was 3.7% (95% CI 3.6%-3.9%). Factors independently associated with PPH requiring transfer to obstetric care were smoking during pregnancy (aOR = 0.73; 95% CI 0.56–0.94), nulliparity (aOR = 1.96; 95% CI 1.66–2.30), previous PPH (aOR = 2.67; 95% CI 1.67–4.25), complications in a previous pregnancy other than PPH (aOR = 2.40; 95% CI 1.25–4.60), gestational age ≥41 weeks (aOR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.10–1.69), instrumental birth (aOR = 2.69; 95% CI 1.53–4.72), third stage of labour ≥60 minutes (aOR = 5.56; 95% CI 3.93–7.88), perineal trauma (aOR = 4.67; 95% CI 3.16–6.90), and birthweight 3500-3999g (aOR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.42–2.07) or ≥4000g (aOR = 2.31; 95% CI 1.78–3.00). One in ten (10.6%) cases received a blood transfusion and one in five (21.0%) were admitted to higher level care.

Conclusions
The risk factors identified in this study align with those identified in previous research and with current guidelines for women planning birth in an MU in the UK. Maternal outcomes after PPH were broadly reassuring and indicative of appropriate management. NHS organisations should ensure that robust guidelines are in place to support management of PPH in MUs.
Identifying patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis who may benefit from shorter durations of treatment
Authors: Winters Nicholas , Schnitzer Mireille E. , Campbell Jonathon R. , Ripley Susannah , Winston Carla , Savic Rada , Ahmad Nafees , Bisson Gregory , Dheda Keertan , Esmail Ali , Gegia Medea , Monedero Ignacio , Dalcolmo Margareth Pretti , Rodrigues Denise , Singla Rupak , Yim Jae-Joon , Menzies Dick 
Published: October 2023

Objective
Studying treatment duration for rifampicin-resistant and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) using observational data is methodologically challenging. We aim to present a hypothesis generating approach to identify factors associated with shorter duration of treatment.

Study design and setting
We conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis among MDR/RR-TB patients restricted to only those with successful treatment outcomes. Using multivariable linear regression, we estimated associations and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) between the outcome of individual deviation in treatment duration (in months) from the mean duration of their treatment site and patient characteristics, drug resistance, and treatments used.

Results
Overall, 6702 patients with successful treatment outcomes from 84 treatment sites were included. We found that factors commonly associated with poor treatment outcomes were also associated with longer treatment durations, relative to the site mean duration. Use of bedaquiline was associated with a 0.51 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.87) month decrease in duration of treatment, which was consistent across subgroups, while MDR/RR-TB with fluoroquinolone resistance was associated with 0.78 (95% CI: 0.36, 1.21) months increase.

Conclusion
We describe a method to assess associations between clinical factors and treatment duration in observational studies of MDR/RR-TB patients, that may help identify patients who can benefit from shorter treatment.
Preferences for public engagement in decision-making regarding four COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions in the Netherlands: A survey study
Authors: Kemper Sophie , Bongers Marloes , Kupper Frank , De Vries Marion , Timen Aura 
Published: October 2023

Background
Worldwide, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented during the COVID-19 crisis, which heavily impacted the daily lives of citizens. This study considers public perspectives on whether and how public engagement (PE) can contribute to future decision-making about NPIs.

Methods
An online survey was conducted among a representative sample of the public in the Netherlands from 27 October to 9 November 2021. Perceptions and preferences about PE in decision-making on NPIs to control COVID-19 were collected. Preferences regarding four NPIs were studied: Nightly curfew (NC); Digital Covid Certificate (DCC); Closure of elementary schools and daycares (CED); and physical distancing (1.5M). Engagement was surveyed based on the five participation modes of the IAP2 Spectrum of Public Participation, namely inform, consult, advice, collaborate and empower.

Results
Of the 4981 respondents, 25% expressed a desire to engage in decision-making, as they thought engagement could improve their understanding and the quality of NPIs, as well as increase their trust in the government. Especially for the NPIs DCC and NC, respondents found it valuable to engage and provide their perspective on trade-offs in values (e.g. opening up society versus division in society by vaccination status). Respondents agreed that the main responsibility in decision-making should stay with experts and policy-makers. 50% of respondents did not want to engage, as they felt no need to engage or considered themselves insufficiently knowledgeable. Inform was deemed the most preferred mode of engagement, and empower the least preferred mode of engagement.

Conclusion
We reveal large variations in public preferences regarding engagement in NPI decision-making. With 25% of respondents expressing an explicit desire to engage, and considering the benefit of PE in other areas of (public) health, opportunities for PE in NPI decision-making might have been overlooked during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results provide guidance into when and how to execute PE in future outbreaks.
Orally administered Chinese herbal therapy to assist post-surgical recovery for chronic rhinosinusitis—A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cui Jing , Lin Wenmin , May Brian H. , Luo Qiulan , Worsnop Christopher , Zhang Anthony Lin , Guo Xinfeng , Lu Chuanjian , Li Yunying , Xue Charlie C. 
Published: October 2023

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to: assess the effectiveness and safety of orally administered Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) as adjuncts to the post-surgical management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS); inform clinicians of the current evidence; identify the best available evidence; and suggest directions for further research. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from searches of nine databases plus clinical trial registries. Participants were adults and/or children diagnosed with sinusitis or rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyps, who had received surgery. Interventions were CHMs used orally following surgery for CRS as additions to conventional post-surgical management. Controls received conventional post-surgical management without CHMs. Studies reported results for Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT), visual analogue scales (VAS), Lund-Mackay computed tomography score (LM), Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score (LK), mucociliary transport time (MTT), mucociliary transport rate (MTR), mucociliary clearance (MC) or quality of life (QoL). Twenty-one RCTs were included. All used oral CHMs following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). The pooled results showed no significant difference between groups for SNOT-20 at the end of treatment (EoT) but there was a significant difference at follow up (FU) in favour of additional CHMs. The VAS for total nasal symptoms (VAS-TNS) showed greater improvements in the CHM groups at EoT and FU. Only FU data were reported for LM which showed greater improvement in the CHM groups. LK showed greater improvements at EoT and FU. The measures of mucociliary transport (MTT, MTR, and MC) each showed significantly greater improvement at EoT in the group that received additional CHMs. No study reported QoL. Adverse events were not serious, but reporting was incomplete. The meta-analyses suggested the addition of oral CHMs to conventional management following FESS may improve recovery. However, most studies were not blinded, and substantial heterogeneity was evident in some meta-analyses. Blinded studies are required to further investigate the roles of oral CHMs in post-surgical recovery.Systematic review registration number:The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019119586).
Ultrasonographic cervical length screening at 20–24 weeks of gestation in twin pregnancies for prediction of spontaneous preterm birth: A 10-year Taiwanese cohort
Authors: Olisova Ksenia , Sao Chih-Hsuan , Lussier Eric C. , Sung Chan-Yu , Wang Peng-Hui , Yeh Chang-Ching , Chang Tung-Yao 
Published: October 2023

Background
Shortened cervical length is one of the primary predictors for spontaneous preterm deliveries in twin pregnancies. However, there is lack of consensus regarding cut-off values. Recent evidence highlights that established cut-offs for cervical length screening might not always apply across different populations. This study aims to present the distribution of cervical length in Taiwanese twin pregnancies and to assess its predictive value for spontaneous preterm birth during mid-trimester screening.

Materials and methods
This retrospective analysis of cervical length screening in Taiwan evaluated 469 twin pregnancies between 20–24 weeks of gestation. Outcome data were obtained directly from the medical records of the delivery hospital. The study explored the predictive value of cervical length screening for spontaneous preterm birth and the characteristics of cervical length distribution in Taiwanese twin pregnancies.

Results
The average gestational age at screening was 22.7 weeks. Cervical length values displayed a non-normal distribution (p-value <0.001). The median, 5th and 95th centiles were 37.5 mm 25.1 mm, and 47.9 mm, respectively. Various cut-off values were assessed using different methods, yielding positive [negative] likelihood ratios for spontaneous preterm births between 32–37 weeks of gestational age (GA) (1.3–30.1 and [0.51–0.92]) and for very preterm births between 28–32 weeks GA (5.6–51.1 and [0.45–0.64]).

Conclusions
The findings from our analysis of Taiwanese twin pregnancies uphold the moderate predictive potential of cervical length screening, consistent with prior investigations. The presented likelihood ratios for predicting preterm birth at different gestational ages equip clinicians with valuable tools to enhance their diagnostic rationale and resource utilization. By fine-tuning screening parameters according to the spontaneous preterm birth prevalence and clinical priorities of the particular population, healthcare providers can enhance patient care. Our data implies that a cervical length below 20 mm might provide an optimal balance between minimizing false negatives and managing false positives when predicting spontaneous preterm birth.
KARAKTER MULTILATERAL COMPETENT AUTHORITY AGREEMENT ON AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNT INFORMATION DAN IMPLIKASINYA PASCA PROGRAM TAX AMNESTY DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hasim Mega Puspawati , Priyono F.X. Joko , Sa'adah Nabitatus 
Published: October 2023

Krisis keuangan global pada tahun 2008 membuat G20 menggunakan rekomendasi Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) sebagai landasan mengakhiri kerugian akibat praktik penghindaran pajak dengan Automatic Exchange of Information yang tertuang dalam bentuk Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement on Automatic Exchange of Financial Account Information. Adanya syarat teknis sebelum penerapan Automatic Exchange of Information membuat Pemerintah Indonesia memberlakukan suatu program yaitu Tax Amnesty atau pengampunan pajak. Hal ini akan menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan hukum, antara lain kekuatan hukum yang mengikat dan implikasinya terhadap Tax Amnesty. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai karakter Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement on Automatic Exchange of Financial Account Information dan implikasi Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement on Automatic Exchange of Financial Account Information pasca Tax Amnesty di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini bersumber pada bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Selanjutnya, penulis dalam melakukan analisis bahan hukum menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang, pendekatan historis, dan pendekatan konseptual. Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement on Automatic Exchange of Financial Account Information tergolong sebagai Hard Law atau mempunyai kekuatan hukum yang mengikat berdasarkan konsep Lwglisai. Lalu, implikasi Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement on Automatic Exchange of Financial Account Information pasca Tax Amnesty sebagai pengawalan untuk menjaga keberlanjutan efektivitas kebijakan Tax Amnesty.
A machine-learning approach to estimate satellite-based position errors
Authors: Ramavath Anil Kumar , Perumalla Naveen Kumar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSatellite-based navigation systems are widely used in transportation. GNSS signal’s strength or quality can easily be degraded by local environments. As a result, the position accuracy of satellite-based navigation systems decreases. In this paper, a novel approach for estimating the positioning error is proposed using ML/DL technique. For learning the relationship between position errors and increased data from GNSS receivers without any prior experience, neural networks have become the machine learning option of choice in the past few years. Signal degradation is best measured by dilution of precision, elevation angles, and carrier-to-noise ratios. To estimate the position error of satellite-based navigation systems, neural networks are trained in this paper. This paper applies a long-short-term memory (LSTM) network to model the temporal correlation of position error measurements. Therefore, neural networks are capable of learning the trend of position errors through training.