bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing the use of real world evidence in health technology assessment: insights from a multi-stakeholder workshop
Authors: Claire Ravinder , Elvidge Jamie , Hanif Shahid , Goovaerts Hannah , Rijnbeek Peter R. , Jónsson Páll , Facey Karen , Dawoud Dalia 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Real-world evidence (RWE) in health technology assessment (HTA) holds significant potential for informing healthcare decision-making. A multistakeholder workshop was organised by the European Health Data and Evidence Network (EHDEN) and the GetReal Institute to explore the status, challenges, and opportunities in incorporating RWE into HTA, with a focus on learning from regulatory initiatives such as the European Medicines Agency (EMA) Data Analysis and Real World Interrogation Network (DARWIN EU®).Methods: The workshop gathered key stakeholders from regulatory agencies, HTA organizations, academia, and industry for three panel discussions on RWE and HTA integration. Insights and recommendations were collected through panel discussions and audience polls. The workshop outcomes were reviewed by authors to identify key themes, challenges, and recommendations.Results: The workshop discussions revealed several important findings relating to the use of RWE in HTA. Compared with regulatory processes, its adoption in HTA to date has been slow. Barriers include limited trust in RWE, data quality concerns, and uncertainty about best practices. Facilitators include multidisciplinary training, educational initiatives, and stakeholder collaboration, which could be facilitated by initiatives like EHDEN and the GetReal Institute. Demonstrating the impact of “driver projects” could promote RWE adoption in HTA.Conclusion: To enhance the integration of RWE in HTA, it is crucial to address known barriers through comprehensive training, stakeholder collaboration, and impactful exemplar research projects. By upskilling users and beneficiaries of RWE and those that generate it, promoting collaboration, and conducting “driver projects,” can strengthen the HTA evidence base for more informed healthcare decisions.
Reading for gain or reading for fun: empirical evidence from China on the adoption mechanism of integrated children’s books
Authors: Cui Jiayong , Guo Jing , Yang Jiaomin , Wu Lingyu , Bao Yinuo 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionWith the increasing number of children’s publications that integrate new media technologies in the global publishing community, understanding the adoption and use of these publications from a child’s perspective is of great significance for both children’s education practitioners and the publishing industry.MethodsThis article integrates a dual-effect path based on the utilitarian-motivation system (UMS) and hedonic-motivation system (HMS) on information technology adoption via a questionnaire, systematically demonstrating the psychological mechanism of children’s reading with respect to integrated books.ResultsThis study finds that children’s willingness to use integrated children’s books is related to UMS and HMS except for facilitating conditions. In addition, this study also reveals the structural differences existing in the adoption psychology of children from various age groups and home education backgrounds.DiscussionThis study provides a systematic explanation for understanding the adoption psychology of integrated children’s books. Based on these findings, it is suggested that publishers should balance the concepts of education orientation and child orientation when producing children’s books, conduct technical innovation of children’s books according to individual children, and constantly innovate the service mode to avoid the risk of children’s bad reading.
A meta-analysis of the relationship between social support and physical activity in adolescents: the mediating role of self-efficacy
Authors: Lin Hao , Chen Haidong , Liu Qingzao , Xu Jie , Li Shan 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionSocial support influences physical activity (PA) in adolescents. However, whether mediating and moderating effects impact the relationship between them or the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of self-efficacy as well as a series of moderating influences using a meta-analytic approach.MethodsA total of 56 studies published between January 2001 and May 2023 were obtained from the Web of Science, EBSCO, Taylor and Francis, Scopus, Wiley, ProQuest, and CNKI (core) databases, comprising 65 independent samples (total sample size = 47,196).Results and discussionThe mean weighted correlation coefficients between social, family, peer, and school support and adolescent PA were 0.298, 0.226, 0.256, and 0.142, respectively, which were significant, except for school support. Family support and teenage PA were related, although the connection was moderated by gender and socioeconomic characteristics. While social, family, and peer support had a direct influence on adolescent PA, school support did not. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between social support and its subtypes and adolescent PA.
Limited usefulness of neurocognitive functioning indices as predictive markers for treatment response to methylphenidate or neurofeedback@home in children and adolescents with ADHD
Authors: Kaiser Anna , Aggensteiner Pascal M. , Blasco Fontecilla Hilario , Ros Tomas , Acquaviva Eric , Attal Yohan , Banaschewski Tobias , Baumeister Sarah , Bousquet Elisa , Bussalb Aurore , Delhaye Marie , Delorme Richard , Drechsler Renate , Goujon Allison , Häge Alexander , Mayaud Louis , Mechler Konstantin , Menache Caroline , Revol Olivier , Tagwerker Friederike , Walitza Susanne , Werling Anna Maria , Bioulac Stéphanie , Purper-Ouakil Diane , Brandeis Daniel 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionEarlier studies exploring the value of executive functioning (EF) indices for assessing treatment effectiveness and predicting treatment response in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) mainly focused on pharmacological treatment options and revealed rather heterogeneous results. Envisioning the long-term goal of personalized treatment selection and intervention planning, this study comparing methylphenidate treatment (MPH) and a home-based neurofeedback intervention (NF@Home) aimed to expand previous findings by assessing objective as well as subjectively reported EF indices and by analyzing their value as treatment and predictive markers.MethodsChildren and adolescents (n = 146 in the per protocol sample) aged 7–13 years with a formal diagnosis of an inattentive or combined presentation of ADHD were examined. We explored the EF performance profile using the Conners Continuous Performance Task (CPT) and the BRIEF self-report questionnaire within our prospective, multicenter, randomized, reference drug-controlled NEWROFEED study with sites in five European countries (France, Spain, Switzerland, Germany, and Belgium). As primary outcome for treatment response, the clinician-rated ADHD Rating Scale-IV was used. Patients participating in this non-inferiority trial were randomized to either NF@home (34–40 sessions of TBR or SMR NF depending on the pre-assessed individual alpha peak frequency) or MPH treatment (ratio: 3:2). Within a mixed-effects model framework, analyses of change were calculated to explore the predictive value of neurocognitive indices for ADHD symptom-related treatment response.ResultsFor a variety of neurocognitive indices, we found a significant pre-post change during treatment, mainly in the MPH group. However, the results of the current study reveal a rather limited prognostic value of neurocognitive indices for treatment response to either NF@Home or MPH treatment. Some significant effects emerged for parent-ratings only.DiscussionCurrent findings indicate a potential value of self-report (BRIEF global score) and some objectively measured neurocognitive indices (CPT commission errors and hit reaction time variability) as treatment markers (of change) for MPH. However, we found a rather limited prognostic value with regard to predicting treatment response not (yet) allowing recommendation for clinical use. Baseline symptom severity was revealed as the most relevant predictor, replicating robust findings from previous studies.
Diagnostic performance of a novel ESAT6-CFP10 skin test for tuberculosis infection in school tuberculosis outbreak in China
Authors: Lu Peng , Xu Jingjing , Wang Rong , Gong Xiaona , Liu Qiao , Ding Xiaoyan , Lu Wei , Zhu Limei 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe ESAT6-CFP10 (EC) skin test is recommended by the World Health Organization for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, it is still unknown how the EC skin test performs in students during a school tuberculosis outbreak.MethodsWe conducted an epidemiological investigation to assess the performance of the EC skin test in this high-risk population.ResultsA total of 9 active student patients were confirmed in the same class as the index case, with an incidence rate of 18.0% (9/50). Among the 50 close contacts, 14 (28%) were over 15 years old and had a chest X-ray (CXR), and none of them had abnormal CXR findings. The rates of positive tuberculin skin test (TST) ≥ 5 mm and &lt; 10 mm, ≥ 10 mm and &lt; 15 mm, and ≥ 15 mm were 12.0% (6/50), 16.0% (8/50), and 10.0% (5/50), respectively. On the second screening, 44 students with the same class as the index case had the EC skin test, of which 31 (70.5%) had positive EC tests. All patients had negative sputum smear results, of whom 4 (44.4%) had positive Xpert results; three had a TST induration diameter between 5 mm and 10 mm, but all of them had an EC diameter &gt; 15 mm; 5 (55.6%) had abnormal CXR results, but all the confirmed patients had abnormal CT results; Except for four cases that were diagnosed by Xpert, the remaining five were confirmed by CT scan.ConclusionThe novel EC skin test performed well in students during the school tuberculosis outbreak. In some special conditions, such as when the index case is bacteriologically positive for tuberculosis and the rate of LTBI is higher than the average for the local same-age group, secondary screening is recommended 2–3 months after the first screening. Furthermore, we cannot ignore the role of CT in the diagnosis of early student tuberculosis.
Two plants improve stress response of a subterranean herbivore by downregulating amphetamine addiction pathways
Authors: Zhang Feiyu , Tan Yuchen , Cai Zhiyuan , An Kang , Liu Yongjie , Su Junhu 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionCaptivity serves as the primary method for enhancing animal survival and productivity. However, the stress induced by confinement can hinder animal growth and reproduction. The administration of drugs to captive animals can effectively regulate their stress response and can also be used inartificial breeding, reproduction, and experimental animalization of wild species. The plateau zokor (Eospalax baileyi), a subterranean herbivore, experiences significant stress during the captive process owing to its unique habitat.MethodsIn our study, we utilized Radix astragali (RA) and Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) extracts to intervene in the stress response of plateau zokors.ResultsOur findings demonstrated that RA and AS treatment considerably improved food intake and reduced weight loss, stress-related behavior, and stress hormone levels in plateau zokors. Furthermore, the excitatory pathway of amphetamine addition in the hypothalamus was suppressed by RA and AS treatment, acting through the Grin and Prkc gene families. Notably, after RA treatment, the extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathway, enriched by the Col1a1/3a1/1a2/6a1 gene, was significantly upregulated, potentially enhancing the immune function of captive plateau zokors.DiscussionIn conclusion, our research demonstrates that RA and AS treatment can effectively alleviate the stress response of plateau zokors in captive environments. The downregulation of the excitation pathway and upregulation of the immune pathway offer valuable insights into the response and potential mechanisms of plant-based drugs in mitigating animal stress.
Improving and Streamlining Gene Editing in Yarrowia lipolytica via Integration of Engineered Cas9 Protein
Authors: Zhang Baixi , Cao Jiacan 
Published: January 2024

The oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is a prominent subject of biorefinery research due to its exceptional performance in oil production, exogenous protein secretion, and utilization of various inexpensive carbon sources. Many CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing systems have been developed for Y. lipolytica to meet the high demand for metabolic engineering studies. However, these systems often necessitate an additional outgrowth step to achieve high gene editing efficiency. In this study, we introduced the eSpCas9 protein, derived from the Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9(SpCas9) protein, into the Y. lipolytica genome to enhance gene editing efficiency and fidelity, and subsequently explored the optimal expression level of eSpCas9 gene by utilizing different promoters and selecting various growth periods for yeast transformation. The results demonstrated that the integrated eSpCas9 gene editing system significantly enhanced gene editing efficiency, increasing from 16.61% to 86.09% on TRP1 and from 33.61% to 95.19% on LIP2, all without the need for a time-consuming outgrowth step. Furthermore, growth curves and dilution assays indicated that the consistent expression of eSpCas9 protein slightly suppressed the growth of Y. lipolytica, revealing that strong inducible promoters may be a potential avenue for future research. This work simplifies the gene editing process in Y. lipolytica, thus advancing its potential as a natural product synthesis chassis and providing valuable insights for other comparable microorganisms.
Study of the influence of mineralizer and firing mode on the properties of slavsonite­celsian ceramics
Authors: Kryvobok R. V. , Zakharov A. V. , Ryabinin S. O. , Boboshko I. O. , Poviderna Y. V. , Plokhotnikova K. A. 
Published: January 2024

The effect of 0.7 % (more than 100 % of the batch) of a low­melting mineralizer (eutectic mixture of Li2O and SnO2 with a melting point of about 650 °C), as well as temperatures of 1350, 1400, and 1450 °C and holding time at the maximum temperature (2—6 hours) on the properties of slavsonite­celsian ceramics with a slavsonite : celsian ratio of 3 : 1 in comparison with the properties of the same ceramics without mineralizer, fired at 1250, 1350, and 1400 °C with a holding time at a maximum temperature of 2 hours, was studied.
It was found that the mineralizer used in the amount of 0.7 % significantly inhibits the sintering of slavsonite­celsian ceramics with a slavsonite : celsian ratio of 3: 1. As a result, the obtained values of water absorption (10.2 and 8.18 %) and open porosity (22.93 and 19.9 %) of the samples with the mineralizer, fired at temperatures of 1350 and 1400 °C and a holding time of 2 hours, are almost 2 times higher (i.e., worse) than those without the mineralizer (5.8 and 4.7 %, and 14.7 and 12.0 %, respectively). Therefore, an introduction of the mineralizer (eutectic mixture of Li2O and SnO2) in the amount of 0.7 % into slavsonite­celsian ceramics with a slavsonite : celsian ratio of 3 : 1 is impractical under these conditions.
Firing temperature in the range of 1350—1450 °C and holding time in the range of 2—6 hours have virtually no effect on the strength of samples with the mineralizer addition (eutectic mixture of Li2O and SnO2) in the amount of 0.7 %.
Navigating Legal Boundaries: A Cross-Jurisdictional Comparison of Qanun Jinayat on Non-Muslims in Aceh and Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Trini Hastuti Luthfiyah 
Published: January 2024

Qanun Jinayah, being a legal framework based on Islamic principles, must prioritize justice and be focused on safeguarding the rights of all citizens, especially the minority non-Muslims in Aceh. According to the 2021 data from the Banda Aceh Government, the religious composition of the population of Aceh is as follows: 98.91% are Muslims, 0.79% are Protestants, 0.19% are Catholics, and 0.11% are Buddhists. The objective of the essay was to conduct a comparative analysis of the criminal laws applicable to non-Muslims in Aceh Province and Brunei Darussalam. The focus was on examining whether non-Muslim people in Aceh and Brunei, where Islamic criminal law is enforced, engage in illegal activities. The research indicates that in Brunei, besides flogging, there are other forms of punishment as well, such as amputation of hands and feet, incarceration, and stoning. The application of criminal law is more extensive for non-Muslims in Aceh compared to Brunei. Non-Muslims in Brunei are subject to only two criminal statutes, namely adultery and khalwat. Meanwhile, in Aceh, crimes committed by non-Muslims encompass seven specific offenses, namely khamar (consumption of alcohol), maisir (gambling), khalwat (close proximity between unmarried individuals of opposite genders), ikhtilat (mixing of genders in public spaces), liwath (homosexual acts), musahaqoh (lesbian acts), and qadzaf (false accusation of illicit sexual relations). It is important to note that these seven offenses are not governed by the Criminal Code. However, the procedural legislation of Aceh Qonun Jinayat still requires more regulation to establish a process. The procedural law of Qanun Jinayat does not impose any limitations on the means by which non-Muslims might express their voluntary submission, nor does it specify the stage at which such a statement must be made. For non-Muslims, this criterion becomes a question of legal certainty.
ﺍﻟﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺭ ﻟﻠﻐﺭﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻌﺭ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺎﻅﻣﻲ
Authors: أ. م. د. ﻳﻮﻧﺲ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺣﺴﻴﻦ  
Published: January 2024

ﻤـﺎ ﻨرﻴـد أن ﻨﺘﺤـدث ﻋﻨـﻪ ﻫـو اﻟﺤـدﻴث ﻋـن اﻟﻐرﺒـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺸـﻌر ﺸـﺎﻋر ﻋ ارﻗـﻲ اﻛﺘـوى
ﺒﻨﺎرﻫﺎ زﻤﻨﺎً طوﻴﻼً وﻟﻛﻨـﻪ اﺴـﺘطﺎع أن ﻴﺠـد اﻟﻤﻌـﺎدﻝ ﻻﺤﺘ ارﻗﺎﺘـﻪ وآﻻﻤـﻪ ﻓﻠـم ﺘوﻗﻌـﻪ اﻟﻐرﺒـﺔ ﻓـﻲ
داﺌــرة اﻟﻴــﺄس وﺨﻴﺒــﺔ اﻷﻤــﻝ ﻛﻤــﺎ أوﻗﻌــت أﻛﺜــر اﻟﺸــﻌ ارء ﻓ ارﺤــوا ﻴﺒﻛــون ﺤﺎﻀــرﻫم وﻴﻠــوذون
ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺎﻀــﻲ ﻴﺴــﺘﻨطﻘون أطﻼﻟــﻪ ورﻤﻤــﻪ ﻛﻨــوع ﻤــن اﻟﺤرﻴــﺔ اﻟﺘــﻲ ﻴﻔﺘﻘــدوﻨﻬﺎ ٬ ﻟــذﻟك ﺴــﻴﻛون
اﻟﺤدﻴث ﻋن اﻟﻐرﺒﺔ ﺒوﺠﻬﻬﺎ اﻹﻴﺠﺎﺒﻲ وﻫو وﺠـﻪ ﻻﻓـت ﻟﻠﻨظـر ﻓـﻲ ﺸـﻌر اﻟﻛـﺎظﻤﻲ ٬ (١) وﺤﺎﻟـﺔ
ﻤﺘﻤﻴـزة ﺒـﻴن ﺸـﻌ ارء ﻋﺼـرﻩ ﺤﺘـﻰ اﻟـذﻴن ﻴﻘﺘرﺒـون ﻤﻨـﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﻫـذﻩ اﻟﻤﻴـزة ﻓﻬـم ﻴﺨﺘﻠﻔـون ﻋﻨـﻪ ﻤـن
ﺤﻴـث ﻏـ ازرة ﺸـﻌرﻩ ﻓـﻲ ﻫـذا اﻟﻨـوع ﻤـن اﻟﺸـﻌر ٬ وﻫـو أﻤـر ﺠﻌﻠﻨـﺎ ﻨﻐـض اﻟطـرف ﻋـن وﺠـﻪ
اﻟﻐرﺒـﺔ اﻟﺴـﻠﺒﻲ اﻟـذاﺘﻲ اﻟـذي ﻴﺘﺼـﻝ ﺒوﻀـﻊ اﻟﺸـﺎﻋر ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ واﻀـط اررﻩ إﻟـﻰ اﻟﻔـ ارر إﻟـﻰ

ﻓﻛرة اﻟﻤوت أو اﻟﻬرب أو اﻟﻴﺄس أو اﻻرﺘﻤﺎء ﻓﻲ أﺤﻀﺎن اﻟطﺒﻴﻌﺔ .
وﺴﻨﻌﺎﻴن اﻟﻐرﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺸـﻌر اﻟﻛـﺎظﻤﻲ ﻤـن ﺨـﻼﻝ اﻟﺼـوت اﻟﻨﻀـﺎﻟﻲ اﻟـذي ﺘﺠﻠـﻰ ﻓـﻲ

ﺸﻌرﻩ ﻤﻨذ أن وطﺄت ﻗدﻤﺎﻩ أرض ﻤﺼر ﺤﺘﻰ وﻓﺎﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻏرﺒﺘﻪ .
واﺒﺘـدا ًء ﻨﻘـرر أن اﻟﻐرﺒـﺔ ﺒﻤﻌﻨـﻰ ﻤﻐـﺎدرة اﻟـوطن ﻛرﻫـﺎً أو طوﻋـﺎً ﺘﻛـون ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻐﺎﻟـب

ﻷﺴﺒﺎب ﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ أو اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻴﺔ أو ﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ وﻟﻘد ﻛﺎﻨت ﺒﺤق ﻤﺤﻨﺔ اﻹﻨﺴﺎن اﻟﻘدﻴم واﻟﺤدﻴث .

(١) أﺒﻘﻴـت ﺤﻴﺎﺘـﻪ اﻟﺸﺨﺼـﻴﺔ وﺴـﻴرﺘﻪ ﺨـﺎرج ﻨطـﺎق اﻟﺒﺤـث ٬ وﻟـم آﺨـذ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ إﻻّ ﺒﻤﻘـدار ﻤـﺎ ﻴﻀـﻲء ﺠواﻨـب
ﻫـذا اﻟﺒﺤـث وﻟﻼطـﻼع ﻋﻠ ـﻰ ﺤﻴﺎﺘـﻪ وﺴـﻴرﺘﻪ ﻴ ارﺠـﻊ: ﺸـﺎﻋر اﻟﻌـرب ٬ اﻟﻛـﺎظﻤﻲ ٬ ﺤﻴﺎﺘـﻪ وﺸـﻌرﻩ ٬
ﻤﺤﺴـن ﻏﻴـﺎض ٬ ﻤؤﻟﻔـﺎت ﻋﻠـﻲ ﻋﺒـد اﻟـرﺤﻴم ٬ ذﻛـرى ﺸـﺎﻋر اﻟﻌـرب اﻟﻛـﺎظﻤﻲ ﻓـﻲ ذﻛـ ارﻩ اﻟﺜﻼﺜـﻴن ٬

ﺸﺎﻋر اﻟﻛﻔﺎح اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ اﻟﺨﺎﻟد .
ﻗﺿﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺧﻠﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻗﺷﺎﺕ ﻣﺟﻠﺱ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ (۱۹٥۸­۱۹٥۰) ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻘﻳﺔ
Authors: د. ﺻﺒﺮي ﻓـﺎﻟﺢ اﻟﺤﻤﺪي  
Published: January 2024

اﺤﺘﻝ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ أﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﻌـ ارق ﺒوﺼـﻔﻪ ﻴﻌـد اﻟﻤﻨﻔـذ اﻟﺒﺤـري اﻟوﺤﻴـد اﻟـذي ﻴطـﻝ ﻤـن
ﺨﻼﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺎﻟم اﻟﺨـﺎرﺠﻲ ٬ ﻓـﻼ ﻏ ارﺒـﺔ ان ﺘﺘواﺼـﻝ ﻋﻼﻗـﺎت اﻟﻌـ ارق ﺒﻤﻨـﺎطق اﻟﺨﻠـﻴﺞ اﻟﻌرﺒـﻲ ﻋﺒـر ﺤﻘـب
اﻟﺘﺎرﻴﺦ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ٬ وﻤن ﺜم ﻛﺎن ﻤن اﻟطﺒﻴﻌﻲ ان ﻴﻌﺒر اﻟ أري اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻲ ﻋن ﻤﺸﺎﻋرﻩ أ ازء ﻤﺎ ﻴـدور ﻤـن
أﺤداث ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠك اﻷﻗطﺎر ٬ ﺒﺎﻵ ارء اﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎن ﻴطرﺤﻬﺎ ﻨواﺒـﻪ أﺜﻨـﺎء ﺠﻠﺴـﺎت ﻤﺠﻠـس اﻟﻨـواب ٬ وﻤـﺎ ﻴـدور ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ
ﻤن ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺎت ﻟﻤواﻀﻴﻊ اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺔ اﻟﺨﺎرﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻨت ﺘﺘﻌﺎﻤﻝ ﻤﻌﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﻛوﻤﺎت اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ ٬ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ
ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﻠق ﺒﺎﻟﻘﻀﺎﻴﺎ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴﺔ ٬ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﻘـدﻤت ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺴـواﻫﺎ ﻤـن اﻟﻤواﻀـﻴﻊ اﻟﻤطروﺤـﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻘـﺎش ٬ ﻻﻨﻬـﺎ ﺘﻤﺜـﻝ
ﻫﺎﺠﺴﺎً ﻗوﻤﻴﺎً ﻤﺘﺄﺼﻼً ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔوس اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﻴن ٬ وﺒذﻟك أﺨذت ﺤﻴ ازً واﺴﻌﺎً ﻤن ﺘﻠـك اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸـﺎت ٬ ﺒﺴـﺒب ﺘﻨـﺎﻤﻲ
ﺘﻠـك اﻟـروح اﻟﻌروﺒﻴـﺔ ﻟـدى أﺒﻨـﺎء اﻟﻌـ ارق ٬ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﻤﺘـد ﻓـﻲ ﺠـذورﻫﺎ اﻟﺘﺄرﻴﺨﻴـﺔ إﻟـﻰ ﻓﺘـ ارت زﻤﻨﻴـﺔ ﺴـﺎﺒﻘﺔ

ﻟﻤوﻀوع اﻟﺒﺤث.
وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﻏم ﻤن اﻨﺸﻐﺎﻝ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﻴن ﺒﺎﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻠﺴطﻴﻨﻴﺔ وﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ اﻟوﺤدة اﻟﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ ودﻋـم ﺤرﻛـﺎت
اﻟﺘﺤـرر اﻟـوطﻨﻲ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﻐـرب اﻟﻌرﺒـﻲ ﺨـﻼﻝ ﻋﻘـد اﻟﺨﻤﺴـﻴﻨﻴﺎت ﻤـن اﻟﻘـرن اﻟﻌﺸـرﻴن ٬ إﻻّ اﻨﻬـم ﻟـم ﻴﻛوﻨـوا
ﺒﻤﻨﺄى ﻋﻤﺎ ﻴﺠري ﻤن أﺤداث ﻓﻲ أﻗطﺎر اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ ٬ ﺒﻴد ان اﻟﻤوﻗف اﻟرﺴـﻤﻲ اﻟـذي ﺘﻤﺜﻠـﻪ اﻟﺤﻛوﻤـﺎت
اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ ٬ ﻟم ﻴوﻝ ﻗﻀﺎﻴﺎ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ اﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎم اﻟﻤطﻠوب ﻤﻘﺎرﻨﺔ ﺒـﺎﻟﻤوﻗف اﻟﺸـﻌﺒﻲ اﻟـذي ﻋﺒـر
ﻋﻨـﻪ أﻋﻀـﺎء ﻤﺠﻠـس اﻟﻨـواب ٬ ﺒﺴـﺒب ارﺘﺒـﺎط اﻟﻌــ ارق ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻫـدة ﻋـﺎم ١٩٣٠ ﻤـﻊ ﺒرﻴطﺎﻨﻴـﺎ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻗﻴــدت
اﺴـﺘﻘﻼﻟﻪ ٬ وﻤـﺎ أﻋﻘـب ذﻟـك ﻤـن اﻨﻀـﻤﺎﻤﻪ إﻟـﻰ ﻤﻴﺜـﺎق ﺒﻐـداد ﻋـﺎم ٬١٩٥٥ اﻷﻤـر اﻟـذي ﺠﻌـﻝ ﻤواﻗـف
ﺤﻛوﻤﺎﺘﻪ ﺒﻌﻴدة ﻋن اﻟوﻓـﺎء ﺒﺎﻟﺘ ازﻤﺎﺘـﻪ اﻟﻘوﻤﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ وردت ﻓـﻲ ﻤﻴﺜـﺎق اﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌـﺔ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ وﻤﻌﺎﻫـدة اﻟـدﻓﺎع
اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﺘرك ﻋﺎم ٬١٩٥٠ وﻓﻲ ﻀوء ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺤﻘﺎﺌق ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ان اﻵ ارء واﻷﻓﻛﺎر اﻟﺘﻲ طرﺤﻬﺎ اﻟﻨواب
ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺎت ﻤﺠﻠـس اﻟﻨـواب ٬ واﻟﺘـﻲ وردت ﺒـﻴن ﺴـطور ﻤﺤﺎﻀـرﻩ اﻟﻤوﺜﻘـﺔ ٬ واﻟﻤطﺎﻟﺒـﺔ ﺒﺎﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎم ﺒﻘﻀـﺎﻴﺎ
اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ ٬ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻬددﻩ ﻤن ﻤﺨﺎطر ﺠﻤﺔ ﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺒﺄﻫـداف اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴـﺔ اﻟﺒرﻴطﺎﻨﻴـﺔ وﻤﺼـﺎﻟﺤﻬﺎ ﻓـﻲ
اﻟﻤﻨطﻘـﺔ ٬ واﻷطﻤـﺎع اﻹﻴ ارﻨﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺒﻌـض إﻤﺎ ارﺘـﻪ ٬ ﻟـم ﺘﻠـق أذﻨـﺎً ﺼـﺎﻏﻴﺔ ﻤـن ﺠﺎﻨـب ﺘﻠـك اﻟﺤﻛوﻤـﺎت ٬ اﻟﺘـﻲ
ﻛﺎﻨـت ﺘﺨﺸـﻰ إﻏﻀـﺎب اﻟﺠﺎﻨـب اﻟﺒرﻴطـﺎﻨﻲ ٬ وﻟـم ﻴظﻬـر اﻟﻌـ ارق أي ﻤﺒـﺎدرة أو ﺘﺤـرك ﺒﺎﺘﺠـﺎﻩ ﺘﻔﻌﻴـﻝ دورﻩ
اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ أ ازء اﻷﺤداث اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻌرﻀت ﻟﻬﺎ ﻤﻨطﻘﺔ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ ٬ ﻤﻊ ﻀرورة اﻟﺘذﻛﻴر ﺒﺎن ﻤﺎأوردﻩ اﻟﺒﺤث
ﻤن طروﺤﺎت ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠك اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺎت اﻟﺒرﻟﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ٬ ﻛﺎﻨت ﺘﻌﺒر ﻋن اﻟ أري اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻲ ٬ وﻫو ﻴﺨﺘﻠف ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎً ﻋـن

اﻟﻤوﻗف اﻟرﺴﻤﻲ اﻟذي أوﻀﺤﻨﺎ ﺒﻌض ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺘﻪ.
Таксономічний склад і загальний стан представників роду (Malus Mill.) в колекції Криворізького Ботанічного саду НАН України
Authors: Юхименко Ю. С. 
Published: January 2024

Наведено дані про таксономічний склад і загальний стан колекції роду Malus Mill. у дендрарії Криворізького ботанічного саду НАН України. Досліджено, що більшість яблунь було висаджено у 1983-1993 рр., а подальше поповнення експозицій здійснено впродовж 2011-2021 рр. На сьогодні колекція нараховує 20 видів і 8 культиварів. Розподіл за секціями виглядає так: 4 види належать до секції Gymnomeles, 13 – до Malus, 3 – до Sorbomalus. Загальна кількість яблунь становить 67 зразків, 162 екземпляри. Відзначено, що досліджуване різноманіття вирощено з насіння, отриманого з різних інтродукційних центрів. Встановлено, що найбільшу частку насінних зразків (близько 40 %) отримано з Донецького ботанічного саду (Донецьк) та Національного ботанічного саду ім. М. М. Гришка (Київ), а решту – з ботанічних установ Латвії (Саласпілс), Таджикістану (Душанбе) та ін. Сортовий асортимент отримано з Мелітопольського інституту садівництва у 1993 р., а декоративний – з приватних розплідників України у 2014-2015 рр. У колекції презентовані яблуні з усіх основних природних ареалів Евразії, а саме зі Східної Азії – 10 видів, Середньої Азії – 5, Західної Азії – 1, Європи – 2, а в культурному ареалі нараховується 2 види. Досліджуваний колекційний фонд відображає різноманіття роду Malus і може бути використаний для вивчення його генетичного різноманіття та пошуку цікавих у селекційному аспекті форм. За чотирма ознаками життєвості (посухостійкість, зимостійкість, генеративний розвиток, пошкодження шкідниками та хворобами) 70 % видів колекції віднесено до найперспективніших, 30 % – до перспективних. У 30-40-річних дослідних представників роду Malus відзначено зниження життєвого стану і тільки у 20 % видів у колекції він є високим, у 60 % – середнім, у 20 % – низьким. Культивари мають високі показники життєвості і їх віднесено до групи найперспективніших. Визначення перспективних видів і культиварів дає змогу надати рекомендації для їх подальшого впровадження в озеленення Кривого Рогу, де на цей час відзначено зростання тільки чотирьох видів цього роду. В алейних посадках рекомендовано використовувати 2 європейські види з величною та симетричною кроною, а решту видів та культиварів – у групових і солітерних посадках, для оформлення галявин та узлісь.