bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scoping review of the relationship between alcohol, memory consolidation and ripple activity: An overview of common methodologies to analyse ripples
Authors: Ruelas Marina , Medina‐Ceja Laura , Fuentes‐Aguilar Rita Q. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlcohol abuse is not only responsible for 5.3% of the total deaths in the world but also has a substantial impact on neurological and memory disabilities throughout the population. One extensively studied brain area involved in cognitive functions is the hippocampus. Evidence in several rodent models has shown that ethanol produces cognitive impairment in hippocampal‐dependent tasks and that the damage is varied according to the stage of development at which the rodent was exposed to ethanol and the dose. To the authors' knowledge, there is a biomarker for cognitive processes in the hippocampus that remains relatively understudied in association with memory impairment by alcohol administration. This biomarker is called sharp wave–ripples (SWRs) which are synchronous neuronal population events that are well known to be involved in memory consolidation. Methodologies for facilitated or automatic identification of ripples and their analysis have been reported for a wider bandwidth than SWRs. This review is focused on communicating the state of the art about the relationship between alcohol, memory consolidation and ripple activity, as well as the use of the common methodologies to identify SWRs automatically.
Body size and trophic position determine the outcomes of species invasions along temperature and productivity gradients
Authors: Dijoux Samuel , Pichon Noémie A. , Sentis Arnaud , Boukal David S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpecies invasions are predicted to increase in frequency with global change, but quantitative predictions of how environmental filters and species traits influence the success and consequences of invasions for local communities are lacking. Here we investigate how invaders alter the structure, diversity and stability regime of simple communities across environmental gradients (habitat productivity, temperature) and community size structure. We simulate all three‐species trophic modules (apparent and exploitative competition, trophic chain and intraguild predation). We predict that invasions most often succeed in warm and productive habitats and that successful invaders include smaller competitors, intraguild predators and comparatively small top predators. This suggests that species invasions and global change may facilitate the downsizing of food webs. Furthermore, we show that successful invasions leading to species substitutions rarely alter system stability, while invasions leading to increased diversity can destabilize or stabilize community dynamics depending on the environmental conditions and invader's trophic position.
Tropical and temperate differences in the trophic structure and aquatic prey use of riparian predators
Authors: Nash Liam N. , Kratina Pavel , Recalde Fátima C. , Jones John Iwan , Izzo Thiago , Romero Gustavo Q. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe influence of aquatic resource‐inputs on terrestrial communities is poorly understood, particularly in the tropics. We used stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen to trace aquatic prey use and quantify the impact on trophic structure in 240 riparian arthropod communities in tropical and temperate forests. Riparian predators consumed more aquatic prey and were more trophically diverse in the tropics than temperate regions, indicating tropical riparian communities are both more reliant on and impacted by aquatic resources than temperate communities. This suggests they are more vulnerable to disruption of aquatic–terrestrial linkages. Although aquatic resource use declined strongly with distance from water, we observed no correlated change in trophic structure, suggesting trophic flexibility to changing resource availability within riparian predator communities in both tropical and temperate regions. Our findings highlight the importance of aquatic resources for riparian communities, especially in the tropics, but suggest distance from water is less important than resource diversity in maintaining terrestrial trophic structure.
CEO as board chair in listed family firms: A test of the performance effects during an economic crisis
Authors: Cambrea Domenico Rocco , Ponomareva Yuliya , Quarato Fabio , Tenuta Paolo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFamily firms often opt for a combined CEO and board chair positions, yet the implications of such leadership structure on firm performance remain a subject of scholarly debate. We introduce the socioemotional wealth (SEW) perspective as a unifying framework that bridges the divergent views of stewardship and agency theories. We argue that the effects of CEO duality on performance are contingent upon the balance between extended and restricted SEW priorities. Drawing on a sample of listed companies on the Milan Stock Exchange between 2003 and 2015, our empirical analysis reveals that listed family firms derive greater benefits from CEO duality compared to their non‐family counterparts. Moreover, our findings demonstrate that such leadership structure renders the highest performance benefits in listed family firms when the CEO–chair is not a family member, particularly during periods of economic crisis.
A new gene for autosomal dominant facial palsy/migraine identified in a family by whole exome sequencing
Authors: Azzarà Alessia , Cassano Ilaria , Lintas Carla , Bernardini Laura , Pilato Fabio , Capone Fioravante , Di Lazzaro Vincenzo , Gurrieri Fiorella 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundFacial palsy manifests as unilateral or bilateral weakness and inability to move some of the facial muscles. The aetiology may be different including idiopathic, trauma, infections or brain tumours or it can be associated with chronic neurological diseases. For instance, in recurrent migraine, an increased risk of idiopathic facial palsy (often unilateral) has been observed. Migraine is a neurovascular disorder characterized by mild to severe intensity of headaches, often associated with neuro‐ophthalmological symptoms.MethodsA family is reported where five members were affected by facial palsy associated with other clinical features including migraine, diplopia, facial swelling, eye conjunctivitis following a vertical transmission. Whole exome sequencing was performed in three members (two affected and one healthy) in order to identify potential variants causative of their phenotype.ResultsA missense variant c.304G>A was found leading to the p.(Ala102Thr) substitution in the TRPM8 gene, previously related to migraine by genome wide association studies. This variant was classified as deleterious by several predictor tools, and the mutant residue was predicted to alter the protein structure in terms of flexibility and interactions with the surrounding residues.ConclusionThese findings suggest that TRPM8 could be a new causative gene further linking migraine and recurrent facial palsy.
Predictors of respiratory failure in Guillain−Barré syndrome: a 22 year cohort study from a single Italian centre
Authors: Galassi Giuliana , Mazzoli Marco , Ariatti Alessandra , Bedin Roberta , Marzullo Donato , Bastia Elisabetta , Agnoletto Virginia , Gozzi Manuela , Valzania Franco , Meletti Stefano , Marchioni Alessandro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe study aimed to identify predictors of respiratory failure leading to mechanical ventilation (MV) and tracheostomy in Guillain−Barré syndrome (GBS).MethodsTwo hundred and thirty adult cases admitted to the Neurology Unit of Modena, Italy, between January 2000 and December 2021 were studied. A cut‐off of MV starting within 8 weeks from onset of weakness was used. Univariable, multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to determine which pre‐specified clinical and diagnostic characteristics were capable of predicting MV and tracheostomy, due to weaning failure. The model was internally validated within the full cohort. The Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score was retrospectively applied.ResultsOne hundred and seventy‐six cases (76.5%) were classified as classical sensorimotor GBS and 54 (23.4%) as variants. Thirty‐two patients (13.9%) needed MV: 84.3% required respiratory support within 7 days. Independent predictors of respiratory failure and MV were older age, facial, bulbar, neck flexor weakness, dysautonomia, axonal electrophysiological subtype, cardiovascular comorbidities and higher disability score at entry. There was no association with abnormal spinal fluid parameters nor with positive serology for recent infections. Twenty‐two patients (68.7%) were ventilated for more than 7 days; 4.7% died within 8 weeks. The patients who required MV were treated more often with plasma exchange. Independent predictors of tracheostomy due to weaning trial failure were facial, bulbar, neck flexor weakness, autonomic dysfunction, associated cardiovascular morbidities and axonal electrophysiological subtype on nerve conduction study.ConclusionsOur study indicates distinct predictors of MV and tracheostomy in GBS patients.
Network dynamics and institutional context in China's film industry
Authors: Zhu Shengjun , Jin Wenwan , Wen Hu , Zhang Qiangguo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExisting literature has explored how different firm behaviours and strategies in different institutional contexts result in variegation in network structures. Based on those studies, this paper first examines how networks have been shaped by China's institutional transition in general and the process of marketisation in particular. Furthermore, we stress that the rise of networks in China's film industry has in return boosted the development of private firms and subsequently pushed forward the process of marketisation in this industry. Empirical results show that private firms have benefitted more from the complementarity between direct knowledge spillovers via inter‐firm networks and indirect knowledge spillovers via inter‐city networks, while state‐owned enterprises are incapable of coping with the competition effects stemming from inter‐city networks and fail to benefit from trans‐local knowledge spillovers in networks. Our main contribution is thus to direct attention to the interaction between network dynamics and institutional transition, which remains underexplored in the current literature.
A neighbourhood Output Area Classification from the 2021 and 2022 UK censuses
Authors: Wyszomierski Jakub , Longley Paul A. , Singleton Alex D. , Gale Christopher , O'Brien Oliver 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUK‐wide multivariate neighbourhood classifications have been built using small area population data following every census since 1971, and have been built using Output Area geographies since 2001. Policy makers in both the public and private sectors find such taxonomies, typically arranged into hierarchies of Supergroups, Groups and Subgroups, useful across a wide range of applications in business and service planning. Recent and forthcoming releases of small area census statistics pose new methodological challenges. For example, the 2022 Scottish Census was carried out a year after those in other UK nations, and some of the variables now collected across different jurisdictions do not bear direct comparison with one another. Here we develop a methodology to accommodate these issues alongside the more established procedures of variable selection, standardisation, transformation, class definition and labelling.
Diaspora as socio‐material assemblage: Political agency in the Kurdish freedom movement's representations of homeland
Authors: Ventura Francesco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe proliferation of diasporas has expanded the intricate web of political relations on a global scale. Transnationality has increasingly replaced methodological nationalism, and relationality blurred diaspora's boundaries. This article argues for framing diasporas as socio‐material assemblages to capture the political agency of diasporas in action in a transnational space. This highlights diasporas’ ability to forge their transnational political actorness and to expand their power of attractiveness. By tracing ideas and things behind the essential task of representing the homeland, this research explores the connections of the Kurdish freedom movement in Europe, making three main arguments. First, it outlines the existence of transnational infrastructures of solidarity, which highlight a multi‐ethnic plurality at work. Second, it illuminates the diasporas’ role in the south–north flow of knowledge and political influence. Third, the article examines the desire which stabilizes the assemblage and makes the circulation of ideas possible and smooth.
Changes in doctoral graduates' employment and doctoral students' views of their future career in Japan in 2012–2018
Authors: Huang Futao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the employment landscape and career expectations of doctoral graduates in Japan through the analysis of three national surveys conducted in 2012, 2015 and 2018. The research explores the changing factors influencing graduates' employment destinations during this period, encompassing changes by discipline and proposing strategies to address challenges faced by these graduates. Unlike previous studies, which predominantly focussed on analysing data and interviewing students, this research offers both descriptive insights and analytical perspectives on Japanese doctoral education. Key findings include an increase in doctoral graduates employed in universities and the private sector, while academia employment varies by discipline. Humanities exhibit the highest academic employment, while engineering shows diverse fluctuations. Additionally, career expectations shift, with declining interest in tenure positions and growing inclination towards non‐academic paths. The study identifies challenges stemming from shifting academic appeal, skill mismatches, sector concentration and field‐specific hurdles, providing insights into global trends while emphasizing Japan's unique complexities.
Red Maulanas: Revisiting Islam and the Left in twentieth‐century South Asia
Authors: Uddin Layli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the early 20th century, colonised people across empires rejected their status quo with visions and articulations of different emancipatory futures. The more radical and creative of these projects fused socialist thought with national, cultural or religious traditions. Grounded in ideas of equality, redistribution and common ownership, these visions offered futures of freedom beyond nationalism. Islamic Socialism was one of these revolutionary currents alongside Arab socialism, African socialism and Black Liberation Theology. The article reviews the historical scholarship on the relationship between Muslims and Left politics in 20th century South Asia and proposes Islamic Socialism as a new field of study. Some of the earliest articulations and enduring commitment to the politics of Islamic Socialism emerged from South Asia, yet the topic is not easily located in the existing scholarship on the region or elsewhere. Employing a diverse set of texts, I show how we can approach through three categories ‐ time, space, and ideas– and map out subaltern Islam as a future area of research. Existing studies have treated Islamic Socialism variously as crude readings of Islam and Marxism, an immemorial Islamic tradition, the intellectual product of theoretical congruence, or as a novel and creative experiment. Reflecting on its minor status in historiography, the article argues for the importance of Islamic Socialism in thinking beyond Islamic literalism and furthering our understanding of decolonisation experiments, everyday subaltern politics, and the possibilities for Marxism and Islam in the Global South.
From colonialism to global health: Frameworks for the history of medicine in Portugal's empire
Authors: Cagle Hugh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPortugal's empire brought together peoples and pathogens, along with wide‐ranging forms of medical expertise and curative practice, into multiethnic and polyglot colonial settlements around the globe. Many aspects of Portuguese imperial policy and much of the work of colonial institutions were fundamentally linked to the challenges of disease, population loss, and the preservation of health. Only in the last half‐century have these dynamics become an area of intensive archival research. The present essay surveys major developments in the history of medicine in Portugal's empire. It links historiographical shifts to the intellectual currents that accompanied colonialism, decolonization, postcolonialism, and the emergence of global health—identifying key interventions and noting significant opportunities for future research.
Preparation and characterization of (Yb0.25Lu0.25Sc0.25Tm0.25)2Si2O7 as a potential environmental barrier coating
Authors: Wang Peng , He Dingyong , Guo Xingye , Zhou Zheng , Shao Wei , Wu Yang , Wang Guohong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA novel high‐entropy rare‐earth disilicate (Yb0.25Lu0.25Sc0.25Tm0.25)2Si2O7 ((4RE0.25)2Si2O7) was proposed as an advanced environmental barrier coating (EBC) materials in this work. The (4RE0.25)2Si2O7 powders were synthesized using the solid‐state sintering method. Based on the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope/energy‐dispersive spectroscopy analysis, the uniform solid solution was detected in the (4RE0.25)2Si2O7, which had a monoclinic β‐phase structure in the space group of C2/m. The lattice parameter of the structure was derived based on the Rietveld refinement analysis to the XRD results. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the bulk (4RE0.25)2Si2O7 was similar to that of the SiC‐SiC ceramic matrix composite substrate of the environmental barrier coating. In addition, this (4RE0.25)2Si2O7 bulk material had a very low thermal conductivity, which was beneficial for the application of environmental barrier coatings. The hot water‐vapor corrosive experiments were conducted in an environment of 90% air and 10% H2O at 1300°C. The results indicated a better water‐vapor corrosion performance than the commercialized Yb2Si2O7 EBC materials. The (4RE0.25)2Si2O7 material prepared in this work showed great potential to work as the environmental barrier coating.
Secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection increases morbidity and mortality during murine cryptococcosis
Authors: Miranda Bárbara A. , Freitas Gustavo J. C. , Leocádio Victor A. T. , Costa Marliete C. , Emídio Elúzia C. P. , Ribeiro Noelly Q. , Carmo Paulo H. F. , Gouveia‐Eufrásio Ludmila , Hubner Josy , Tavares Luciana P. , Arifa Raquel D. N. , Brito Camila B. , Silva Monique F. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Paixão Tatiane A. , Peres Nalu T. A. , Fagundes Caio T. , Santos Daniel A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicroorganisms that cause pneumonia and translocate to the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for high mortality worldwide. The fungus Cryptococcus gattii (Cg) and the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) target the same infection organs. This study aimed to investigate the consequences of secondary Sp infection during murine cryptococcosis. Mice infected with Sp after Cg showed significantly increased lethality and a drop in scores of motor behaviour, neuropsychiatric status and autonomous function. Previous Cg infection favoured Sp multiplication in the lungs, causing intense inflammation and necrosis, with further increased bacterial translocation to the spleen, liver and brain. This phenotype was associated with increased platelet‐activating factor receptor (Pafr) gene expression, reduced M1 macrophage recruitment, and high levels of proinflammatory mediators. Strategies to overcome early mortality (i.e., infection of Pafr−/− mice, treatment with IL‐1 inhibitor or corticoid) were insufficient to revert this phenotype. These results suggest that Cg infection makes the lung microenvironment favourable for Sp colonization and dissemination. Altogether, it leads to an exacerbated and ineffective inflammatory response, decisive for the increased morbidity and mortality during coinfection. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of more studies addressing coinfections and their consequences in the host, aiming to establish more effective therapeutical strategies.
Nurses' experiences when conducting the mental state examination (MSE): A scoping review
Authors: Volcevska Spasija , Luck Lauretta , Elmir Rakime , Dickens Geoffrey , Murphy Gillian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Mental State Examination (MSE) is an assessment framework used to facilitate the collection of subjective and objective data about a person's current mental state. There is a lack of understanding of nurses' experiences when conducting the MSE. The aim of this scoping review is to identify, examine and summarize the available literature relating to nurses' experiences when conducting the MSE. A scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework to review, examine and synthesize the available literature on nurses' experiences with the MSE. A PRISMA flow diagram was used to describe the systematic literature search. Six databases (APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus) were searched including reference lists of eligible sources. Google Scholar, Trove and Proquest Dissertation and Thesis were searched for grey literature. Twelve articles included in this scoping review considered nurses experiences when conducting the MSE. The principles of thematic analysis were used to synthesize the studies. Three distinct themes were identified from the literature: (i) Nurses' role and the MSE, (ii) Nurses' competence and knowledge when conducting the MSE, and (iii) Nurses' confidence when conducting the MSE. The results of this scoping review identified the MSE as a component of the mental health nursing role and a core competency of mental health telephone triage services. The MSE was used by nurses in the Emergency department (ED), acute in‐patient and community mental health settings, including mental health telephone triage services. Nurses working in EDs and acute in‐patient mental health settings experienced a lack of confidence and competence, including a knowledge deficit in conducting the MSE in comparison to nurses working in community mental health settings. Community mental health nurses identified the importance of conducting an MSE higher than acute in‐patient mental health nurses. This review identified the need for evidence‐based research related to the MSE and its application in nursing practice. Evidence‐based research will inform the development of MSE guidelines and policies, thus, enhance mental health nursing practice related to the MSE, including improving and strengthening consumer‐nurse therapeutic alliance in acute in‐patient mental health settings.