bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding habitat selection of range‐expanding populations of large carnivores: 20 years of grey wolves (Canis lupus) recolonizing Germany
Authors: Planillo Aimara , Wenzler‐Meya Moritz , Reinhardt Ilka , Kluth Gesa , Michler Frank‐Uwe , Stier Norman , Louvrier Julie , Steyer Katharina , Gillich Benjamin , Rieger Siegfried , Knauer Felix , Kuemmerle Tobias , Kramer‐Schadt Stephanie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe non‐stationarity in habitat selection of expanding populations poses a significant challenge for spatial forecasting. Focusing on the grey wolf (Canis lupus) natural recolonization of Germany, we compared the performance of different distribution modelling approaches for predicting habitat suitability in unoccupied areas. Furthermore, we analysed whether grey wolf showed non‐stationarity in habitat selection in newly colonized areas, which will impact the predictions for potential habitat.LocationGermany.MethodsUsing telemetry data as presence points, we compared the predictive performance of five modelling approaches based on combinations of distribution modelling algorithms—GLMM, MaxEnt and ensemble modelling—and two background point selection strategies. We used a homogeneous Poisson point process to draw background points from either the minimum convex polygons derived from telemetry or the whole area known to be occupied by wolves. Models were fit to the data of the first years and validated against independent data representing the expansion of the species. The best‐performing approach was then used to further investigate non‐stationarity in the species' response in spatiotemporal restricted datasets that represented different colonization steps.ResultsWhile all approaches performed similarly when evaluated against a subset of the data used to fit the models, the ensemble model based on integrated data performed best when predicting range expansion. Models for subsequent colonization steps differed substantially from the global model, highlighting the non‐stationarity of wolf habitat selection towards human disturbance during the colonization process.Main ConclusionsWhile telemetry‐only data overfitted the models, using all available datasets increased the reliability of the range expansion forecasts. The non‐stationarity in habitat selection pointed to wolves settling in the best areas first, and filling in nearby lower‐quality habitat as the population increases. Our results caution against spatial extrapolation and space‐for‐time substitutions in habitat models, at least with expanding species.
Effects of land use and soil properties on taxon richness and abundance of soil assemblages
Authors: Burton Victoria J. , Baselga Andrés , De Palma Adriana , Phillips Helen R. P. , Mulder Christian , Eggleton Paul , Purvis Andy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLand‐use change and habitat degradation are among the biggest drivers of aboveground biodiversity worldwide but their effects on soil biodiversity are less well known, despite the importance of soil organisms in developing soil structure, nutrient cycling and water drainage. Combining a global compilation of biodiversity data from soil assemblages collated as part of the PREDICTS project with global data on soil characteristics, we modelled how taxon richness and total abundance of soil organisms have responded to land use. We also estimated the global Biodiversity Intactness Index (BII)—the average abundance and compositional similarity of taxa that remain in an area, compared to a minimally impacted baseline, for soil biodiversity. This is the first time the BII has been calculated for soil biodiversity. Relative to undisturbed vegetation, soil organism total abundance and taxon richness were reduced in all land uses except pasture. Soil properties mediated the response of soil biota, but not in a consistent way across land uses. The global soil BII in cropland is, on average, a third of that originally present. However, in grazed sites the decline is less severe. The BII of secondary vegetation depends on age, with sites with younger growth showing a lower BII than mature vegetation. We conclude that land‐use change has reduced local soil biodiversity worldwide, and this further supports the proposition that soil biota should be considered explicitly when using global models to estimate the state of biodiversity.
Further studies on histamine catabolism in vivo
Authors: REILLY MARGARET A. , SCHAYER R. W. 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Histamine catabolism in vivo was studied in mice and rats; tissues from animals killed 2·5 min after intravenous injection of 14C‐histamine were assayed for 14C‐histamine and total 14C. Aminoguanidine, a diamine oxidase inhibitor, and methylhistamine, an inhibitor of the histamine methylating enzyme, were used to evaluate the roles of these enzymes in individual tissues.
Mouse liver and lung appeared to catabolize exogenous histamine rapidly and completely by methylation. In vivo histamine methylating activity was also found in mouse muscle, heart, kidney and lymph node, but not in stomach or intestine.
In rats 14C‐histamine was inactivated more slowly than in mice. Catabolism was most rapid in intestine where both diamine oxidase and methylating activities were found. Liver had only diamine oxidase activity. Heart showed no catabolism but had extraordinary ability to extract 14C‐histamine from blood.
The in vivo evaluation of histamine methylation by individual mouse and rat tissues agrees closely with in vitro findings by another laboratory.
Aminoguanidine reduced uptake of blood 14C‐histamine by some tissues presumably by occupying sites where histamine is normally bound.
The marked differences between tissues of mice and rats in destroying 14C‐histamine support earlier evidence that there is no apparent relationship between histamine catabolism and function.
Urine from mice with both major catabolic pathways blocked showed evidence of an abnormal excretory product of 14C‐histamine. Paper chromatograms of urine of male and female mice showed no evidence of a sex difference in catabolism of injected 14C‐histamine.
A procedure which may permit evaluating contributions of individual tissues to histamine formation in vivo is presented.
Pretreatment of mice with antihistamines, or with a histamine analogue, betahistine, did not significantly affect the rate of in vivo 14C‐histamine inactivation.
Resistance to β‐adrenoceptor stimulants (a possible explanation for the rise in asthma deaths)
Authors: CONOLLY M. E. , DAVIES D. S. , DOLLERY C. T. , GEORGE C. F. 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Resistance to isoprenaline has been produced in man and dog by prolonged exposure to the same, or the pharmacologically similar compounds, terbutaline and isoetharine.
In guinea‐pigs, pretreatment with these agents increases asthma mortality provoked by histamine which suggests that this resistance may reduce the effectiveness of endogenous sympathetic drive to the bronchi.
Possible mechanisms by which the asthma death rate could be increased are discussed.
It is suggested that a drug‐induced cross resistance to endogenous sympathetic stimulation could have led to a deterioration of the asthmatic state in patients using the pressurized aerosols of sympathomimetic bronchodilators and that this might account for the rise in asthma death rate.
Safety of inter-facility transport strategies for patients referred for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Haoutar Malik , Pinero David , Yonis Hodane , Cesareo Eric , Mezidi Mehdi , Peguet Olivier , Tazarourte Karim , Pozzi Matteo , Dubien Pierre-Yves , Richard Jean-Christophe , Bitker Laurent 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Inter-facility transport of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the prone position (PP) is a high-risk situation, compared to other strategies. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of complications during transport in PP, compared to transports with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) or in the supine position (SP).

Methods
We performed a retrospective, single center cohort study in Lyon university hospital, France. We included patients ≥ 16 years with ARDS (Berlin definition) transported to an ARDS referral center between 01/12/2016 and 31/12/2021. We compared patients transported in PP, to those transported in SP without VV-ECMO, and those transported with VV-ECMO (in SP), by a multidisciplinary and specialized medical transport team, including an emergency physician and an intensivist. The primary outcome was the rate of transport-related complications (hypoxemia, hypotension, cardiac arrest, cannula or tube dislodgement) in each study groups, compared using a Fisher test.

Results
One hundred thirty-four patients were enrolled (median PaO2/FiO2 70 [58–82] mmHg), of which 11 (8%) were transported in PP, 44 (33%) with VV-ECMO, and 79 (59%) in SP. The most frequent risk factor for ARDS in the PP group was bacterial pneumonitis, and viral pneumonitis in the other 2 groups. Transport-related complications occurred in 36% (n = 4) of transports in PP, compared to 39% (n = 30) in SP and 14% (n = 6) with VV-ECMO, respectively (p = 0.33). VV-ECMO implantation after transport was not different between SP and PP patients (n = 7, 64% vs. n = 31, 39%, p = 0.19).

Conclusions
In the context of a specialized multi-disciplinary ARDS transport team, transport-related complication rates were similar between patients transported in PP and SP, while there was a trend of lower rates in patients transported with VV-ECMO.
Prediction of incidence of neurological disorders in HIV-infected persons in Taiwan: a nested case–control study
Authors: Weng Ya-Wei , Lee Susan Shin-Jung , Tsai Hung-Chin , Hsu Chih-Hui , Lin Sheng-Hsiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurological disorders are still prevalent in HIV-infected people. We aimed to determine the prevalence of neurological disorders and identify their risk factors in HIV-infected persons in Taiwan.

Methods
We identified 30,101 HIV-infected people between 2002 and 2016 from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan, and analyzed the incidence of neurological disorders. We applied a retrospective, nested case–control study design. The individuals with (case group) and without (control group) a neurological disorder were then matched by age, sex and time. Factors associated with neurological disorders were analyzed using a conditional logistic regression model, and a nomogram was generated to estimate the risk of developing a neurological disorder.

Results
The incidence of neurological disorders was 13.67 per 1000 person-years. The incidence remained stable during the observation period despite the use of early treatment and more tolerable modern anti-retroviral therapy. The conditional logistic regression model identified nine clinical factors and comorbidities that were associated with neurological disorders, namely age, substance use, traumatic brain injury, psychiatric illness, HIV-associated opportunistic infections, frequency of emergency department visits, cART adherence, urbanization, and monthly income. These factors were used to establish the nomogram.

Conclusion
Neurological disorders are still prevalent in HIV-infected people in Taiwan. To efficiently identify those at risk, we established a nomogram with nine risk factors. This nomogram could prompt clinicians to initiate further evaluations and management of neurological disorders in this population.
Challenges in diagnosis and health care in polycystic ovary syndrome in Canada: a patient view to improve health care
Authors: Sydora Beate C. , Wilke Michaelann S. , McPherson Maggie , Chambers Sarah , Ghosh Mahua , Vine Donna F. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder affecting health and quality of life of those affected across the lifespan. We currently have limited evidence-based data on the experience of those living with PCOS in the health care system including diagnosis, health concerns and disease management. The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions of health status, health care experience and disease management support in those affected by PCOS in Alberta, Canada.

Methods
An online questionnaire was completed via REDCap by individuals self-reporting a diagnosis of PCOS. Question categories included demographics, symptoms of PCOS and time to confirm a diagnosis, follow-up care, health concerns, and information resources. Descriptive statistics were used and thematic analyses was applied to open-response questions.

Results
Responses from 194 participants living in Canada (93% in Alberta) were included. The average age was 34 ± 8 years and BMI was 35 ± 9. Menstrual irregularity was identified in 84% of respondents as the first symptom noticed and the primary reason for seeking a medical consultation. A PCOS diagnosis occurred on average 4.3 years following awareness of first symptoms and required consultation with more than one primary care provider for 57% of respondents. Half (53%) of respondents reported not receiving a referral to specialists for follow-up care and 70% were not informed about long-term health morbidity such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Most respondents (82%) did their own research about PCOS using on-line sources, academic literature and advice from peer support. The participant themes from open questions for improving health care included more resources and support, increased and reliable information, better education and training for clinicians, timely diagnosis, prompt referrals to specialists, and generally more compassion and empathy to the challenges faced by those managing their disease.

Conclusion
Our findings highlight the health concerns and challenges in health care for those with PCOS. In Alberta, Canada we have identified major gaps in health care including a timely diagnosis, follow up care and supports, and multidisciplinary care. This evidence-based data can be used to inform development of pathways to improve the health care experience in those affected by PCOS.
Circulating tumor DNA landscape and prognostic impact of acquired resistance to targeted therapies in cancer patients: a national center for precision medicine (PRISM) study
Authors: Bayle Arnaud , Belcaid Laila , Palmieri Lola-Jade , Teysonneau Diego , Cousin Sophie , Spalato-Ceruso Mariella , Aldea Mihaela , Vasseur Damien , Alame Melissa , Blouin Laura , Soubeyran Isabelle , Nicotra Claudio , Ngocamus Maud , Hollebecque Antoine , Loriot Yohann , Besse Benjamin , Lacroix Ludovic , Rouleau Etienne , Barlesi Fabrice , Andre Fabrice , Italiano Antoine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the effectiveness of the various targeted therapies currently approved for solid tumors, acquired resistance remains a persistent problem that limits the ultimate effectiveness of these treatments. Polyclonal resistance to targeted therapy has been described in multiple solid tumors through high-throughput analysis of multiple tumor tissue samples from a single patient. However, biopsies at the time of acquired resistance to targeted agents may not always be feasible and may not capture the genetic heterogeneity that could exist within a patient.

Methods
We analyzed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) with a large next-generation sequencing panel to characterize the landscape of secondary resistance mechanisms in two independent prospective cohorts of patients (STING: n = 626; BIP: n = 437) with solid tumors who were treated with various types of targeted therapies: tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and hormonal therapies.

Results
Emerging alterations involved in secondary resistance were observed in the plasma of up 34% of patients regardless of the type of targeted therapy. Alterations were polyclonal in up to 14% of patients. Emerging ctDNA alterations were associated with significantly shorter overall survival for patients with some tumor types.

Conclusion
This comprehensive landscape of genomic aberrations indicates that genetic alterations involved in secondary resistance to targeted therapy occur frequently and suggests that the detection of such alterations before disease progression may guide personalized treatment and improve patient outcome.
Strategies to improve the care of older adults 50 years and above living with HIV in Uganda
Authors: Mbalinda Scovia Nalugo , Lusota Derrick Amooti , Muddu Martin , Musoke David , Nyashanu Mathew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
With effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), many persons living with HIV (PLHIV) live to old age. Caring for aged PLHIV necessitates the engagement of caregivers and patients to establish agreed-upon goals of treatment. However, there is limited literature on friendly and centered models of care for elderly PLHIV. We explored strategies to improve care in HIV clinics among PLHIV aged 50 years and above in Uganda.

Methods
We conducted 40 in-depth interviews in two hospitals with elderly PLHIV aged 50 years and above who had lived with HIV for more than ten years. We explored strategies for improving care of elderly PLHIV at both health facility and community levels. The in-depth interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The thematic approach guided data analysis.

Results
The elderly PLHIV suggested the following strategies to improve their care: creating geriatric clinics; increasing screening tests for non-communicable diseases in the ART clinics; community and home-based ART delivery; workshops at health facilities to provide health education on aging effectively; creating community support groups; financial assistance for the elderly PLHIV and advances in science.

Conclusions
There is need to improve community HIV care especially for the elderly and social and economic support in the community. Involving the elderly PLHIV in developing strategies to improve their health goes a long way to improve the patients' quality of care. There is a need to incorporate the raised strategies in HIV care or older adults.
Lung UltrasouNd Guided surfactant therapy in preterm infants: an international multicenter randomized control trial (LUNG study)
Authors: Corsini Iuri , Rodriguez-Fanjul Javier , Raimondi Francesco , Boni Luca , Berardi Alberto , Aldecoa-Bilbao Victoria , Alonso-Ojembarrena Almudena , Ancora Gina , Aversa Salvatore , Beghini Renzo , Meseguer Nerea Bilbao , Capasso Letizia , Chesi Francesca , Ciarcià Martina , Concheiro Ana , Corvaglia Luigi , Ficial Benjamim , Filippi Luca , Carballal Jesus Fuentes , Fusco Monica , Gatto Sara , Ginovart Gemma , Gregorio-Hernández Rebeca , Lista Gianluca , Sánchez-Luna Manuel , Martini Silvia , Massenzi Luca , Miselli Francesca , Mercadante Domenica , Mosca Fabio , Palacio Marta Teresa , Perri Alessandro , Piano Francesca , Prieto Marcelino Pumarada , Fernandez Lorena Rodeno , Risso Francesco Maria , Savoia Marilena , Staffler Alex , Vento Giovanni , Dani Carlo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature newborns is based on different types of non-invasive respiratory support and on surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) to avoid mechanical ventilation as it may eventually result in lung damage. European guidelines currently recommend SRT only when the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) exceeds 0.30. The literature describes that early SRT decreases the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and mortality. Lung ultrasound score (LUS) in preterm infants affected by RDS has proven to be able to predict the need for SRT and different single-center studies have shown that LUS may increase the proportion of infants that received early SRT.
Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine if the use of LUS as a decision tool for SRT in preterm infants affected by RDS allows for the reduction of the incidence of BPD or death in the study group.

Methods/design
In this study, 668 spontaneously-breathing preterm infants, born at 25+0 to 29+6 weeks’ gestation, in nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) will be randomized to receive SRT only when the FiO2 cut-off exceeds 0.3 (control group) or if the LUS score is higher than 8 or the FiO2 requirements exceed 0.3 (study group) (334 infants per arm). The primary outcome will be the difference in proportion of infants with BPD or death in the study group managed compared to the control group.

Discussion
Based on previous published studies, it seems that LUS may decrease the time to administer surfactant therapy. It is known that early surfactant administration decreases BPD and mortality. Therefore, there is rationale for hypothesizing a reduction in BPD or death in the group of patients in which the decision to administer exogenous surfactant is based on lung ultrasound scores.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05198375. Registered on 20 January 2022.
Expression analysis suggests that DNMT3L is required for oocyte de novo DNA methylation only in Muridae and Cricetidae rodents
Authors: Behluli Lirik , Fontanilla Alyssa M. , Andessner-Angleitner Laura , Tolar Nikolas , Molina Julia M. , Gahurova Lenka 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
During early mammalian development, DNA methylation undergoes two waves of reprogramming, enabling transitions between somatic cells, oocyte and embryo. The first wave of de novo DNA methylation establishment occurs in oocytes. Its molecular mechanisms have been studied in mouse, a classical mammalian model. Current model describes DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and its cofactor DNMT3L as two essential factors for oocyte DNA methylation—the ablation of either leads to nearly complete abrogation of DNA methylation. However, DNMT3L is not expressed in human oocytes, suggesting that the mechanism uncovered in mouse is not universal across mammals.

Results
We analysed available RNA-seq data sets from oocytes of multiple mammals, including our novel data sets of several rodent species, and revealed that Dnmt3l is expressed only in the oocytes of mouse, rat and golden hamster, and at a low level in guinea pigs. We identified a specific promoter sequence recognised by an oocyte transcription factor complex associated with strong Dnmt3l activity and demonstrated that it emerged in the rodent clade Eumuroida, comprising the families Muridae (mice, rats, gerbils) and Cricetidae (hamsters). In addition, an evolutionarily novel promoter emerged in the guinea pig, driving weak Dnmt3l expression, likely without functional relevance. Therefore, Dnmt3l is expressed and consequently plays a role in oocyte de novo DNA methylation only in a small number of rodent species, instead of being an essential pan-mammalian factor. In contrast to somatic cells, where catalytically inactive DNMT3B interacts with DNMT3A, forming a heterotetramer, we did not find evidence for the expression of such inactive Dnmt3b isoforms in the oocytes of the tested species.

Conclusions
The analysis of RNA-seq data and genomic sequences revealed that DNMT3L is likely to play a role in oocytes de novo DNA methylation only in mice, rats, gerbils and hamsters. The mechanism governing de novo DNA methylation in the oocytes of most mammalian species, including humans, occurs through a yet unknown mechanism that differs from the current model discovered in mouse.