bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3‐D glass integrated stacked patch antenna array for silicon active package system
Authors: Yang Lei , Wang Kan , Wang Binbin , Wang Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSilicon‐based packaging is highly suitable for miniaturised and cost‐effective integrated systems. However, traditional silicon‐based antenna‐in‐package (AiP) has disadvantages, such as high loss, low efficiency and narrow bandwidth. A glass‐silicon active package system architecture is proposed. Its active part is integrated on a silicon substrate, while the antenna array in the package system is made of glass, which has high radiation efficiency. The proposed antenna structure is an H‐type aperture‐coupled microstrip patch antenna. The authors use a ball grid array to form cavity and two shielding structures to improve the scanning performance of the array. Furthermore, by adding grounding points, the resonance singularity within the shielding structure is eliminated. A test array, composed of 8 × 8 elements was fabricated for the purpose of validating the design. It can achieve wide‐angle scanning greater than ±60° and bandwidth of 29%. This design can be applied for ka‐band communications and radar systems.
A sliding mode‐based single‐loop control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives
Authors: Le Thanh‐Lam , Hsieh Min‐Fu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA simple control structure with high anti‐disturbance ability is proposed here for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives. The conventional cascade structure, with an outer speed loop and an inner current loop, is simplified and merged into one single‐loop controller. To enhance the dynamic performance and efficiency of the PMSM drives, an enhanced adaptive reaching law (EARL) is proposed for the single‐loop control strategy. In comparison with conventional reaching laws, the EARL can increase the convergence speed, adapt the gain to fit the system state, and reject the chattering phenomena of conventional sliding mode control. Moreover, an improved disturbance observer (DOBS) is developed to work with the main controller. The DOBS aims to enhance the estimation accuracy of real‐time unknown disturbances in the PMSM system, thereby further improving the disturbance rejection capability through feedforward compensation for the single‐loop control strategy. The EARL and DOBS thus enhance the robustness of the control strategy and ensure high dynamic performance at various motor operating conditions. The performance and efficiency of the proposed control are validated through simulations and experimental studies.
Unified AC/DC hybrid admittance modelling and oscillation stability analysis for interlinking voltage source converter system
Authors: Xie Hua , Zhao Yigang , Wu Xiangyu , Yu Runni , Xu Yin , Zhai Suwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe voltage source converter (VSC) interlinking AC and DC power networks is a core equipment in AC/DC hybrid power systems. To analyze the stability of this system based on the impedance method, it is necessary to establish the hybrid AC/DC admittance model of interlinking VSC. This paper presents a unified and systematic AC/DC hybrid admittance modelling framework which is widely applicable to different control methods of interlinking VSCs. The hybrid admittance models for interlinking VSCs under PQ control, VdcIq control, and Vf control are explicitly formulated, with their elements individually reflecting the dynamics of the AC side, DC side, and the interaction between them. Subsequently, the impedance network model of interlinking VSC systems is formulated based on the hybrid admittance, and furthermore the frequency‐domain modal analysis is performed to analyze the system oscillation stability. Finally, frequency scanning and time‐domain simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink are provided to validate the effectiveness of the modelling and oscillation stability analysis method.
The MICADO Integrated Gamma Station for Radioactive Waste Packages radiological characterization
Authors: Lepore L. , Gandolfo G. , Marzo G.A. , Cherubini N. , Casagrande D. , Palumbo E. , Ratto N. , Fanchini E. , Pepperosa A. , Giordano F. , Morichi M. 
Published: November 2023

The MICADO (Measurement and Instrumentation for Cleaning And Decommissioning Operations) Project of the H2020 Research and Innovation Programme aims to propose a cost-effective solution for non-destructive characterization of nuclear waste, implementing a digitization process that could become a referenced standard facilitating and harmonizing the methodology used for the in-field Waste Management and Dismantling & Decommissioning operations. It employs instruments based on different technologies: an active and passive neutron measurement system, a photo-fission facility, and the ‘Integrated Gamma Station’.
Within the MICADO Project, an entire work package has been dedicated to the design and realization of the ‘Integrated Gamma Station’ obtained by combining different gamma detection technologies supporting each other to a comprehensive and effective non-destructive gamma characterization, able to accommodate Radioactive Waste Packages of different sizes. The techniques implemented are i) dosimetry measurements, count rate inspection and raw spectroscopy with the CAEN RadHAND, ii) gamma imaging in open geometry with the CEA Nanopix gamma camera, iii) high resolution gamma spectrometry with the ENEA Tomographic Gamma Scanner (TGS). The latter able to carry out different characterization methodologies, i.e., Open Geometry, Segmented Gamma Scanning, Angular Scanning, and Tomography.
This paper describes the layout of the Integrated Gamma Station conceived, its features and detection capabilities, and part of the measurement campaign realized during the MICADO Project.
Augmentation of Electroconvulsive Therapy with Oral Caffeine: A
Retrospective Analysis of 40 Patients with Major Depression
Authors: Nyhuis Peter , Mücke Dorothea , Specka Michael , Scherbaum Norbert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of injectable caffeine as
an augmentation method in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). This study
investigated whether orally administered caffeine increases seizure duration
during ECT.
Methods Medical records of 40 patients treated with a series of ECT were
retrospectively analyzed. Patients whose electroencephalogram (EEG) seizure
duration had dropped<30 s, or motor seizure
duration<15 s were included. They subsequently received oral
caffeine (0.2 g) before ECT sessions. Primary outcomes were EEG seizure
duration and motor seizure duration, compared with those from the last
pre-caffeine session (baseline) and the first five caffeine-augmented sessions.
The mental state was assessed with the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF).
In addition, data on maximum heart rate, maximal arterial pressure, and adverse
effects were collected.
Results The EEG seizure duration increased by 14.9 s (52%)
on average between baseline and the first caffeine-augmented session. The
increased length remained widely stable over the subsequent ECT sessions. EEG
seizure duration was>30 s in more than 80% of sessions.
A statistically significant increase in motor seizure duration appeared only in
the 2nd and 3rd of five sessions with augmentation. Oral
caffeine pretreatment was overall well tolerated. The percentage of patients
with at least serious mental impairment (GAF score≤50) dropped from 77.5
to 15%.
Conclusions Results suggest the utility of oral caffeine (0.2 g)
to increase ECT-induced seizures in patients with durations below clinically
significant thresholds.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Inflammatory Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide Exposed Preterm and Term Human Pregnant Myometrial Cells
Authors: Mani Arunmani , Hotra John , Blackwell Sean C. , Goetzl Laura , Refuerzo Jerrie S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to determine the cytokine response in human pregnant preterm and term myometrial cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cocultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
Study Design Myometrium was obtained at cesarean delivery in term and preterm patients. Human myometrial cells were exposed to 5 μg/mL LPS for 4 hours followed by 1 μg/mL LPS for 24 hours and were cocultured with MSCs for 24 hours. Culture supernatants were collected at 24 hours and expression of cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and IL-10, was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results There was significantly increased expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in preterm myometrial cells treated with LPS compared with untreated preterm myometrial cells. Coculture with MSCs significantly suppressed the proinflammatory cytokine levels in LPS-treated preterm versus treated term myometrial cells. Moreover, MSC cocultured preterm myometrial cells expressed increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-10 compared with treated term myometrial cells.
Conclusion MSCs ameliorate LPS-mediated inflammation in preterm human myometrial cells compared with term myometrial cells. Immunomodulatory effects of MSCs mediated through anti-inflammatory cytokine regulation suggest a potential cell-based therapy for preterm birth.
Adolescent-Onset Epilepsy: Clinical Features and Predictive Factors for First-Year Seizure Freedom
Authors: Kim Jon Soo , Woo Hyewon , Lee Jae Hee , Kim Won Seop 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Teenagers with epilepsy require special attention to ensure a successful treatment journey. Our objective was to delineate the clinical characteristics of adolescent-onset epilepsy (AOE) and investigate the predictive factors influencing first-year seizure freedom.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients whose first seizure occurred between the ages of 10 and 19 years and who received antiseizure medication (ASM) treatment for at least 12 months.
Results A total of 67 patients were included, with an average age of 13.5 ± 2.3 years at the onset of their first seizure. The average follow-up period was 45.2 ± 16.9 months, and comorbid conditions were present in 23 patients (34.3%). The majority of the patient population (83.6%) was affected by generalized epilepsy. The most common epilepsy syndrome was epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone at 70.1% (juvenile myoclonic epilepsy 11.9%, juvenile absence epilepsy 1.5%). Regarding ASM treatment, 31 patients (46.3%) received monotherapy, and 28 (41.8%) received dual therapy. Five patients (7.5%) encountered issues related to medication adherence. First-year seizure freedom was observed in 42 patients (62.7%). In multivariate analysis, a negative family history of epilepsy (odds ratio 12.1, 95% confidence interval 1.27–115.44, p = 0.030) was identified as a strong predictive factor of first-year seizure freedom, along with ASM monotherapy (odds ratio 3.99, 95% confidence interval 1.05–15.21, p = 0.043).
Conclusion These findings suggest that AOE typically exhibits effective control of seizures. A negative family history of epilepsy and ASM monotherapy emerges as robust predictor of achieving favorable outcomes within the early stage of treatment.
Peripheral Bone Removal versus Sequential Drilling Protocol in Dental Implant Surgery: A 5-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Alhamdani Faaiz Yaqub , Hassan Ahmad Fliah , Hussein Hashim Mueen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to compare the immediate success rate between peripheral bone removal (PBR) and conventional sequential drilling protocols.
Materials and Methods Biographic data of 130 Iraqi patients who attended a private dental implant center in Baghdad between January 7, 2018 and February 30, 2023 were collected. During this period, 198 dental implant procedures were completed. The recorded data included the zone of implantation, immediate or delayed implant, sinus lift procedure, dental implant system, bone augmentation, and dental implant length and diameter.
Statistical Analysis SPSS Ver. 25 was used for statistical analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied.
Results In total, 198 dental implant procedures were performed during the study period. Of these, 104 cases were treated with the PBR protocol and 94 with the conventional drilling protocol. Out of 130 patients included in this study, 70 were treated with the PBR (IBS) technique and 60 patients were treated with the conventional dental implant systems. The early success of osseointegration reported in this study for all of the cases exceeded 93%. The PBR protocol was successful in 96 cases (92.3%), whereas early success of osseointegration in patients treated with the conventional protocol was reported in 89 cases (94.7%). The chi-squared test showed no statistically significant difference in the early success rate between the two dental implant protocols (p = 0.575).
Conclusion In terms of immediate success, the PBR technique appears to be a reliable drilling technique. However, further longitudinal studies need to explore its potential to replace the sequential drilling protocol.
Spinal Epidural Hematoma Caused by Pure Epidural Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Garbin Elisa , Cavasin Nicola , Magrini Salima 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSpontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) represents an extremely rare cause of spinal cord compression. Symptomatic pure extradural spinal AVMs (E-sAVM), in the absence of cavernous hemangiomas, are very rare and have rarely been reported. The clinical presentation of SEH caused by E-sAVM is often nonspecific and may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. We report the case of a 16-year-old adolescent girl who presented with paraparesis that rapidly evolved in paraplegia. Emergent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole spine showed a posterior SEH, extending from C7 to T2, highly suspicious for the presence of an underlying AVM. The patient underwent emergent C7–T2 laminoplasty. An E-sAVM was intraoperatively found and subsequently excised. The patient was discharged with no neurological defects. E-sAVMs are extremely rare pathologies; they represent an extremely rare cause of spinal cord compression. If immediately diagnosed and treated, most patients recover with good prognosis.
Unequal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on researchers: evidence from Chile and Colombia
Authors: Gil Magdalena , Hurtado-Acuna Constanza , Quiero-Bastías Máximo , Narea Marigen , Caqueo-Urízar Alejandra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on scientific work and outputs have been a growing global concern after significant and varied effects have been reported in the United States and Europe. Looking to gain insight into the impact of the pandemic in Latin America, we designed and administered an anonymous online survey to researchers based in Chile or Colombia. The survey was implemented in July–August 2020, as the continent was declared the epicentre of COVID-19, and total lockdowns were enacted in both countries. We aimed to understand the overall impact of this situation on research time, exploring unequal effects by discipline and individual characteristics. Results based on 3257 responses indicate that, after accounting by discipline, individual-level differences related to gender and care responsibilities explain the more significant gaps. Specifically, we find that being a woman is linked to higher reductions of time devoted to research, followed by a parenthood penalty for those with children under 12 at home. We also tested a possible relationship between time devoted to research and personal beliefs about gender roles. We found that women who support traditional gender roles and have children reduced their research time more than any other group. Also, men who support progressive views are more impacted than their conservative peers. We conclude that given the heterogeneous impact of the pandemic on researchers, universities and research centres should target specific populations when creating policies aiming to mitigate its effects.
Wagyu Feeder Check: A genomic-based tool to identify performance differences of Australian Wagyu and Wagyu crossed cattle
Authors: Reverter Antonio , Li Yutao , Alexandre Pâmela A. , Dominik Sonja , Teseling Carel , van den Heuvel Aaron , Schutt Karen , McDonagh Matt , Porto-Neto Laercio 
Published: November 2023

Context Wagyu Feeder Check is a genomic-based tool designed to provide genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) for five feedlot growth and carcase traits. At present, Wagyu Feeder Check is based on a reference population of 8316 genotyped and phenotyped Australian fullblood (FB; N = 2120) Wagyu and Wagyu-crossed (XB; N = 6196) cattle, principally Wagyu × Angus F1 animals. Aims We provide technical details behind the development of the Wagyu Feeder Check and validate the ability of its GEBV to predict differences in performance of Wagyu cattle in daily weight gain at feedlot, carcase weight, carcase eye muscle area, carcase marbling score and carcase rump fat at the P8 site. Methods Data supplied from eight commercial supply chains across Australia was used to generate GEBV using mixed-model equations that incorporated a genomic relationship matrix build with 82 504 autosomal markers. The bias, dispersion, and accuracy of the GEBV were evaluated using a four-way cross-validation scheme where, in each turn, the phenotypes from a random 1549 (or 25%) XB cattle were set as missing. Key results The genomic estimate of the Wagyu content in the FB and XB population averaged 99.12% and 59.55%, respectively, and with most of the non-Wagyu content associated with Angus. The estimates of heritability (± s.e.) were 0.497 ± 0.016, 0.474 ± 0.004, 0.347 ± 0.014, 0.429 ± 0.003 and 0.422 ± 0.003 for daily weight gain at feedlot, carcase weight, eye muscle area, marbling and rump fat, respectively. Averaged across the four XB validation populations, the accuracy of GEBV was 0.624, 0.634, 0.385, 0.620, and 0.526 for the same set of traits. Conclusions Genomic predictions generated by Wagyu Feeder Check can predict differences in feedlot and carcase performance of Australian Wagyu cattle. Given the large content of Angus in the XB population, further research is required to determine the predictive ability of GEBV in Wagyu × Bos indicus and Wagyu × dairy animals. Implications Commercial feedlot operators finishing animals with a strong Wagyu breed component will benefit from using Wagyu Feeder Check for decision making.
Pregabalin alters reproductive performance in male mice and causes congenital anomalies in offspring
Authors: Mestre Viviane de Fátima , Martins Caio Cezar Nantes , Brito Lorrany Victor de , Zeffa Aline Campos , Sestário Camila Salvador , Salles Maria José Sparça 
Published: November 2023

Context Pregabalin is an anticonvulsant drug with analgesic activity for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Aims To valuate the toxicity of pregabalin in reproductive parameters, spermatogenesis, and teratogenicity in the offspring of mice. Methods Twenty male mice were randomly distributed into two groups: PGB group and group C (n = 10 per group). The animals in the PGB group received, via gavage, 200 mg/kg of pregabalin diluted in distilled water daily, for a period of 45 days. Group C received distilled water under the same experimental design. Key results In the paternal parameters of the PGB group, there was a significant increase in the size of the testicles, morphological alterations in the spermatozoa, a decrease in the Johnsen score, an increase in the Leydig cells, and a decrease in the serum level of testosterone. In the intrauterine development parameters of females mated with males from the PGB group, a significant decrease in placental weight, weight and length of fetuses, and fetal viability rate was observed. There was a significant increase in the number of resorptions and post-implantation losses. The significant anomalies observed in the offspring were alteration in the size of the kidneys, absent metacarpals and phalanges, alteration in the sternum, and supernumerary thoracic vertebrae. Conclusion Results suggest that pregabalin had toxic effects on the reproductive function of male mice and teratogenic potential. Implications The findings of this study may provide new hypotheses, taking into account the risk–benefit ratio for male reproduction and offspring health.
Growth rate of spherical voids with non-comoving dark matter and baryons
Authors: Pizaña Fernando A , Hidalgo Juan Carlos , Gaspar Ismael Delgado , Sussman Roberto A 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present numerical solutions to Einstein’s equations describing large spherical cosmic voids constituted by two components: dark matter and baryons, with a non-vanishing initial relative velocity, in an asymptotically homogeneous background compatible with the ΛCDM concordance model. We compute numerically the evolution of such configurations in the dark matter frame, with a hypothetical homogeneous distribution of baryons, but respecting the values dictated by the concordance model for the average baryon-to-dark matter density ratio. We reproduce the well-known formation of overdensities at the edge of the void and recover the Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi solutions in the comoving limit of our simulations. We compute the average growth factor of matter fluctuations and find that it departs significantly from the linear perturbative prescription even in the comoving case, where the non-linearity of inhomogeneities has an impact.
Resonant x-ray difference frequency generation
Authors: Serrat Carles 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Resonantly enhanced x-ray difference-frequency generation (re-XDFG) is a second-order nonlinear effect that involves illuminating a molecule with two-color x-ray pulses with photon energies Ω1 and Ω2. The energy difference

Ω
1

−

Ω
2

is tuned to match an x-ray absorption edge of an atom in the molecule. We have numerically studied the re-XDFG effect considering different individual molecules in the gas phase using density functional theory calculations and have verified the non-centrosymmetric character of the target transitions. Two-level molecular systems with permanent dipoles are evaluated for the description of re-XDFG taking into account different two-color input pulse geometries. This innovative nonlinear x-ray methodology offers a means to measure the K-edge NEXAFS spectrum of light elements, such as carbon, nitrogen, or oxygen, in dense media using non-resonant x-rays. It can also be used to investigate chemical material dynamics that are inaccessible by linear spectroscopy. These findings enable the combination of atomic-scale structure with chemical specificity and the selective and local access to x-ray excitations using hard x-ray pulses.
An entanglement constraint model of topological knot in highly entangled gel towards ultra-high toughness
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xing Ziyu , Gorbacheva Galina , Lu Haibao , Lau Denvid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Highly entangled gels have gained extensive attention due to their excitingly large deformation and high toughness. To understand the toughening mechanism of these highly entangled gels, an entanglement constraint model has been established, based on the spatially prismatic constraint and Gaussian distribution models. A free-energy function is formulated to study the conformational dynamics, rubbery elasticity and sliding effect of topological knots in the entangled chains. Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics and finite element analysis were conducted to verify the coupling effect of inter-chain entanglement and intra-chain knot topology on the toughness behavior of highly entangled gels. Finally, experimental data available in the literature were used to verify the proposed models, providing a physical insight into the toughening mechanism of inter-chain entanglement constraint and intra-chain knot topology in the highly entangled gel.