bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding the Enzymatic Toolbox for Carboligation: Increasing the Diversity of the ‘Split’ Transketolase Sequence Space
Authors: Tonoli Alessia , Anselmi Silvia , Ward John M. , Hailes Helen C. , Jeffries Jack W. E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTransketolases (TKs) are thiamine diphosphate (ThDP)‐dependent enzymes that catalyze the transfer of two‐carbon units in a stereoselective manner, making them valuable biocatalysts for sustainable processes. Most known TKs are about 650 amino acids long; however, a second type found in Archaea and many Bacteria consists of two proteins, each of about 300 amino acids. Exploring the unique features and differences of split TKs may help in assessing their potential use in biocatalysis and for uncovering new reactivities. Additionally, it could provide valuable information on how their structure relates to their function, especially compared to full‐length TKs. In this study, we significantly expanded the known repertoire of split TKs approximately 14‐fold to the best of our knowledge, by identifying and providing accessions of nearly 500 putative split‐TK subunit pairs. Moreover, we doubled the number of experimentally produced and tested split TKs by cloning, purifying, and testing ten candidates retrieved from genomes and in‐house metagenomes. Interestingly, pQR2809 and pQR2812, derived from hyperthermophilic organisms, showed enhanced thermostability compared to other TK examples in the literature, maintaining partial activity after heating at 90 °C or 100 °C for 1 hour, respectively.
Bloodless Management of Severe Refractory ITP and Acute Hemorrhage in a Jehovah's Witness Patient
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Banaag Shanley , Hong Lee , Mylavarapu Charisma , Kim Yuri , Garrett John , Nagler Emily 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn patients with severe refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), especially those unable to receive blood transfusions due to religious beliefs, alternative non‐cytotoxic therapies are important to avoid worsening cytopenias. Immunomodulatory agents such as mycophenolate mofetil and daratumumab should be used alongside traditional therapies including steroids, IVIG and rituximab.
CO2 Reduction on Liquid GaInSn‐Metal: Dynamics of the Electrode–Electrolyte Interface
Authors: Mohamed Aya G. A. , Lörch Daniel , Euchner Holger , May Matthias M. , Bogdanoff Peter 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPost‐transition liquid metal (LM) alloys are of increasing interest for the electro‐reduction of CO2. Besides avoiding coking effects, they often exhibit an electric field‐induced accumulation of elements at their interface, which can be used to tune catalytic activity and product selectivity. However, mechanistic insights into these systems remain sparse. In this study, we investigate the ternary GaInSn alloy in DMF‐based electrolyte. We demonstrate that even small amounts of water in DMF significantly increase the CO2 reduction rate. Under optimized conditions (2 M water in DMF at −2.7 V versus Ag/Ag+), the overall current density is approximately −3 mA/cm2, two orders of magnitude higher than in anhydrous electrolysis. The Faradaic efficiency for HCOOH and CO production is around 60% and 30%, respectively, whereas the competing hydrogen evolution remains a minor side product. Analysis of the electrolyte after CO2 electrolysis reveals varying amounts of expelled tin and gallium. This suggest that an enrichment of the interface in tin may be responsible for the high selectivity toward HCOOH. Our study provides a better mechanistic understanding of CO2 reduction on GaInSn and shows that the dynamic elemental composition should always be considered for the interpretation of experimental results.
Fluorescence of Aqueous Assemblies Regulated by Integral Water
Authors: Chen Jia , Gu Dandan , Qi Haohan , Sun Bin , Wang Xiaosong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWater is an integral and functional component for aqueous assemblies of POSS‐NDI‐POSS molecules. Water serves not only as a solvent but also as an integral component (interstitial water) in aqueous colloids self‐assembled from POSS‐NDI‐POSS (POSS = polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes, NDI = naphthalene diimide). The interstitial water confined within these colloids is attributed to the steric hindrance of the bulky POSS groups, which dissipates energy and quenches the fluorescence (FL). Control experiments with NDI molecules bearing less steric side groups (propyl or octyl), namely C3−NDI‐C3 and C8−NDI‐C8, confirm this role of water in structural assembly and optical function. This discovery opens new possibilities for the innovation of aqueous materials.
Meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials of external‐beam radiation versus transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kuehnle Ryan A. , Tchelebi Leila T. , Ludmir Ethan B. , Escorcia Freddy E. , Shrestha Sabi , Sanford Nina , Court Colin M. , Ryckman Jeff M. , Arora Sukeshi P. , Lehrer Eric J. , Gelfond Jonathan , Jethwa Krishan R. , Newman Neil B. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundExternal‐beam radiation (EBRT) is a noninvasive therapeutic alternative to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective randomized clinical trials to assess the clinical efficacy of EBRT versus TACE for HCC as either a definitive monotherapy or as a bridge to transplantation/surgery.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to include prospective randomized trials comparing EBRT versus TACE. Data was analyzed with random and fixed‐effects models. The inconsistency index (I2) was chosen to assess heterogeneity. Three publications were included with a total of 142 patients. Outcomes included local control (LC), overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and occurrences of grade ≥3 toxicity. Comparisons are reported as hazard ratios (HRs) or risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThere were three randomized trials that met inclusion criteria. The EBRT was delivered in three to 15 fractions with a total dose between 30 and 75 gray(Gy). EBRT was associated with significantly improved LC (HR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.08–0.34; I2 = 0%) and PFS (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.23–0.60; I2, 0%) compared with TACE. There was no significant difference between EBRT and TACE in OS (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.51–1.22; I2 = 0%) or grade ≥3 toxicity (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.31–2.37; I2 = 57%). None of the analyses had statistically significant heterogeneity.ConclusionsCompared with TACE, EBRT yields superior LC and PFS without providing a survival benefit in early and intermediate stage HCC. Additional larger prospective randomized controlled trials should be conducted to further investigate differences in clinical outcomes amongst patients with more advanced disease.
The Symptom Structure of Depression, Anxiety and Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese Shidu Parents — A Network Analysis
Authors: Ma Hongfei , Zhao Shuang , Wang Yang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn China, Shidu parents, who have experienced the pain of losing their only child, are more likely to suffer from mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation compared to other bereaved groups. Currently, the relationships between symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Shidu parents remain unclear, necessitating further research to elucidate these connections. Our study aims to estimate the network of depression and anxiety symptoms and identify the bridge symptoms between depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation based on network analysis.MethodsThis study was conducted in five urban districts and one rural district in Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China. Data collection was conducted from March 2017 to February 2020. Network analysis was implemented by using the R packages qgraph and bootnet.Results‘Felt depressed’ and ‘felt sad’ were central symptoms of depression, while ‘feeling fainting and passing out’ and ‘afraid for no reason’ were central symptoms of anxiety. Two pairs of bridge symptoms and one overlapping symptom were found in the transdiagnostic network. In addition, one depressive symptom and one anxiety symptom were identified to be significantly associated with suicidal ideation.ConclusionsThe current study is the first to conduct a network analysis of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Chinese Shidu parents. The association among disease symptoms were found, and the most central symptoms were identified. Results of the present study can provide some new intervention and treatment ideas for corresponding diseases, which lays a theoretical foundation for the future longitudinal research.
Advancing Business Ethical Standards: Unpacking the Synergistic Influence of Governance Structures and CSR Engagement on Corporate Integrity in BRICS Countries
Authors: Osei Abednego , Zhu Naiping , Agyemang Andrew Osei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn a global business environment where ethical lapses increasingly undermine corporate credibility, can enhanced governance mechanisms and CSR engagement drive ethical corporate behavior? This study explores the intricate relationship between corporate governance attributes and Business Ethical Practices (BEP), examining how CSR engagement moderates this relationship across 386 manufacturing firms in the BRICS countries from 2010 to 2022. Grounded in Stakeholder and Agency Theories, the research investigates three core governance strands: diversity, structural, and process attributes. Using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator, the findings reveal that gender diversity and age diversity positively influence BEP, while national diversity has a negative association, raising concerns about the alignment of foreign board members with local ethical standards. Board independence and board size significantly enhance ethical practices, while CEO duality negatively affects BEP, emphasizing the importance of independent oversight. Among process attributes, board meetings and board tenure positively contribute to BEP, while meeting attendance shows a negative association, suggesting that mere presence without meaningful participation may not guarantee ethical outcomes. Notably, CSR engagement amplifies positive governance effects and mitigates negative influences, reinforcing its critical role as a governance enhancer. Heterogeneity analyses across manufacturing types (Job Shop, Batch, Continuous Process, and Mass Production) confirmed the consistency of these findings. Furthermore, robustness tests, including cluster analysis, sensitivity analysis, and endogeneity controls, validated the reliability of the results. The study provides targeted policy recommendations advocating for stronger diversity mandates, deeper CSR integration, and enhanced ethical training, while the practical implications emphasize the importance of comprehensive governance frameworks for long‐term ethical sustainability.
Performance Forecasting of Discrete‐Time Priority Retrial Queue With Its Application in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Upadhyaya Shweta , Vaishnawi Shree , Agarwal Divya , Ahmad Izhar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTQueueing modeling and optimization of high‐speed digital systems provide a tool to the system operators and administrators to build an economic system and to analyze overcrowding situations in various digital systems such as computer systems, cellular mobile webs, cognitive radio networks (CRNs), and many more. CRNs enable a more efficient and flexible use of the radio spectrum by allowing unlicensed users (ULUs) to dynamically access and share frequencies with licensed users (LUs), ensuring that spectrum resources are fully utilized while avoiding interference with licensed operations. This study aims to focus on complex, real‐world challenges faced in CRNs and to resolve its few congestion issues through a queue‐theoretic approach. The congestion issues faced by CRN can be resolved by modeling the GeoX/G/1 priority retrial model with multielective services under the Bernoulli vacation schedule wherein the server's time can be better allocated to users to improve their grade of service. We can see how CRN can be seen as a discrete‐time retrial queueing system according to the following formulation. In CRNs, there are two types of users: LUs and ULUs. The former is given priority over the latter in the sense that LUs can forestall the transferences (transmissions) of ULUs. In this perspective, the LU channel acts as a server that can be approachable by ULUs practically. The LU and ULU data packets, links, or sessions act as customers, which usually attach to the virtual track of blocked users if they do not get instant entrance. Moreover, each LU channel either provides access to the entering user or may cease providing service for some span of time called vacation time. This queueing process is termed as Bernoulli vacation (BV). Also, we apply an admission control policy (ACP), which controls the number of arrivals. In this study, we perform a numerical simulation through which we can conclude that the average number of data packets in CRN and expected total cost increases linearly by upgrading either the admission control probability or arrival rate. Also, our study suggests that the average system size decreases with an increase in the probability that a licensed unit joins the system. Further, multicriteria optimization is used to obtain Pareto optimal solutions of expected total system cost and expected system waiting time in CRN.
Sex differences for regional pathology in people with a high likelihood of Lewy body dementia phenotype based on underlying pathology
Authors: Bayram Ece , Coughlin David G. , Koga Shunsuke , Ross Owen A. , Litvan Irene , Dickson Dennis W. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionClinicopathological correlations differ by sex in Lewy body dementia (LBD). However, previous studies have focused on pathological staging systems that place less emphasis on regional pathologies.MethodsWe included 357 people (131 female, 226 male) with a high likelihood of LBD based on pathology from the Brain Bank for Neurodegenerative (Jacksonville, FL). Sex differences for regional Lewy body, senile plaque, and neurofibrillary tangle counts and their associations with clinical LBD diagnosis were assessed.ResultsFemales were less likely to have a clinical LBD diagnosis; they had more Lewy bodies, neurofibrillary tangles, and senile plaques in various regions than males (all p’s < 0.05). A higher likelihood of clinical LBD diagnosis was associated with more middle frontal, cingulate, and entorhinal Lewy body pathology, and more so for males than for females (all p’s < 0.045).DiscussionSex differences for clinicopathological correlations in LBD also occur at the regional pathology level. Females have a higher frequency of clinical misdiagnosis than males.Highlights
Females have a higher risk of clinical underdiagnosis for Lewy body dementia (LBD) than males.
Regional pathology counts differ by sex for people with a high likelihood of LBD.
Regional pathology association with clinical LBD diagnosis differs by sex.
Regional Lewy body counts have a stronger association with LBD phenotype for males.
Using Faecal Cortisol Metabolites to Assess Adrenocortical Activity in Wild‐Living Alpine Marmot Marmota marmota: A Biological Validation Experiment
Authors: Zenth Friederike , Morocutti Elena , Palme Rupert , Nicoloso Sandro , Giacomelli Stefano , Macho‐Maschler Sabine , Storch Ilse , Corlatti Luca 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFaecal cortisol/corticosterone metabolites (FCMs) have become increasingly popular as an easy‐to‐sample, non‐invasive and feedback‐free alternative to assess glucocorticoid (GC) levels, key components of the neuroendocrine stress response and other physiological processes. While FCMs can be a powerful aid, for instance, for gaining insights into ecological and evolutionary processes, as well as to assess animal welfare or impacts of anthropogenic stressors on wildlife populations, this method comes with specific challenges. Because GCs are heavily metabolised before excretion, it is critical to validate the enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) used to measure FCMs. Additionally, because species may differ in metabolite profiles, assay validation must be performed separately for each focal species. Despite this, the use of unvalidated assays remains widespread. We performed a biological validation experiment to test a set of EIAs to measure FCMs and adrenocortical activity in free‐living Alpine marmots Marmot marmota. We capitalised on capture and handling as part of a relocation project of marmots under the assumption that capture, and handling represent a stressful event and tracked changes in FCM levels over the following 48 h. Faeces samples collected at capture were assumed to return baseline FCM levels. Of the three EIAs tested, only the 11‐oxoetiocholanolone ‘72T’ EIA detected an increase in FCM levels about 18 h after capture. This result paves the way for future studies using FCMs to investigate the adrenocortical activity in this species.
LoRa Meets Artificial Intelligence to Optimize Indoor Networks for Static EDs
Authors: Khan Malak Abid Ali , Luo Senlin , Ma Hongbin , Iqbal Amjad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe architectural design of the Indoor Internet of Things (IIoT) network targeting static end devices (EDs) and gateways (GWs) has been innovatively formulated in this paper, integrating LoRa technology to mitigate losses and ensure seamless information reception through meticulous ED allocation. The arrangement of simultaneously transmitted data within the network server (NS) employs a deep neural network (DNN) with distributed machine learning (DML) to adjust transmission parameters, ensuring frequent uninterrupted bidirectional communication. This augmentation is obtained by strategically deploying EDs within distinct clusters determined by K‐means and density‐based spatial clustering with noise (DBSCAN), thus optimizing spreading factor (SF) and data rate (DR) allocation to prevent data congestion and improve signal‐to‐interference noise ratio (SINR). The proposed hybrid model (DR|SF) for pure and slotted ALOHA amplifies the network's performance metrics for indoor scenarios. A unified framework utilizing a one‐slope model estimates path losses (PL) while exploring various bandwidths (BW), bidirectional interrogations, and duty cycles (DC) to lower the saturation and prolong the active lifespan of the EDs. The results manifest a packet rejection rate (PRR) of 0% for the DBSCAN, contrasting a 4.7% estimate for the K‐means. The network saturation is minimized to 9.5% and 10.1%, correspondingly, significantly increasing the efficiency of slotted ALOHA (91%) and pure ALOHA (90.6%), thereby prolonging the longevity of EDs.
Exploring the Impact of Ecological Degradation on the Green Development Efficiency: An Empirical Analysis Using the Novel Epsilon‐Based Measure and Global Malmquist–Luenberger Index
Authors: Mahamane Famanta , Randhawa Abid Ali , Hussain Bilal , Tumennast Javkhaa , Nassani Abdelmohsen A. , Hombing Jamiatun Br , Magazzino Cosimo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe profound consequences of ecological degradation on humanity's well‐being are a severe matter acknowledged globally. This study examines the impact of ecological degradation on green development efficiency in less developed countries. A dataset from 1990 to 2020 was used to break down the impacts of ecological degradation on green development efficiency. Green development efficiency was calculated based on the epsilon‐based measure model, while the dynamic change of green development efficiency was explored with the Global Malmquist‐Luenberger Index model. The panel‐corrected standard errors (PCSE) and feasible generalised least squares (FGLS) models are conducted to test the influence of ecological degradation on green development efficiency. The results show that ecological degradation inhibits green development efficiency, whereas green FDI, urbanisation, and economic growth benefit the increase of green development efficiency. In addition, government intervention shows a negative correlation with green development efficiency. The results of the spatial Durbin model (SDM) of green development efficiency also demonstrate an overall strong negative spatial spillover effect on local and neighbouring regions, with more significant effects at levels of the surroundings.
Unravelling the Tectonic Nature of Charnockites Across the Highland and Wanni Complexes in Northeastern Sri Lanka: Implications for Demarcating Their Uncertain Lithotectonic Boundary
Authors: Dharmapriya P. L. , Jayathilake W. M. R. , Zhao Lei , Abewardana Pahan , Kleinschrodt R. , Subasinghe N. D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe tectonic evolution of terranes and microblocks is crucial for understanding the supercontinental cycle. Sri Lanka, centrally located between East and West Gondwana, offers insights into late Neoproterozoic continental tectonics. Ambiguities in defining boundaries between the Highland Complex (HC) and Wanni Complex (WC) of Sri Lanka prompted this study. Utilising whole‐rock major and trace element geochemistry, and U–Pb zircon geochronology, we explore charnockites at the inferred HC‐WC boundary, revealing their tectonic nature. Charnockites on the WC side (CWCs) display tholeiitic trends, characterised as Fe‐rich, metaluminous A2‐type granites. Tectonic discrimination diagrams position CWCs in the within‐plate granite field. The 238U/206Pb zircon geochronology of three WC‐side charnockites gave Late Neoproterozoic metamorphic ages from 576 ± 37 to 561 ± 50 Ma and middle to early Neoproterozoic protolith crystallisation ages from 1011 ± 46 to 690 ± 15 Ma. Hence, protoliths of CWCs suggest some form of extensional tectonics in a continental environment during the early to middle Neoproterozoic that played a major role in the crustal evolution of the northeastern part of the WC. Out of the collected seven charnockites in the HC side (CHCs), three samples shared geochemical signatures resembling the CWCs. The 206Pb/238U zircon ages of one of the samples yielded crystallisation age of ~780 ± 6 Ma and, metamorphic ages from 608 ± 9 to 541 ± 16 Ma, respectively. The rest of the CHCs exhibit calc‐alkaline trend, identified as Mg‐rich, metaluminous, I‐type granites. Tectonic discrimination diagrams reveal volcanic arc signatures, indicating a subduction‐related collisional tectonic setting. Geochemical and geochronological findings, coupled with field relations and prior research, lead to the interpretation that charnockites in the northeastern HC‐WC boundary possess a distinctive geodynamic history, implying involvement in two distinct tectonic settings. Presently, at the erosion surface, the north‐eastern portion of the HC‐WC boundary, exhibits a highly diffused nature and manifests as a mixed rock zone.