bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Government & community building: A study of Michigan local governments online
Authors: Brueckner Allison R. K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractToday's policymakers are being called upon to embrace a new way of government. A learning economy requires a smart and responsive government—one that works in partnership with all sectors of society to provide services and support systems that are essential to building strong communities.One of the most important features of the Internet is its ability to connect people with information and with one another. For many this means finding affordable housing, local jobs and dependable daycare. Increasingly local government units are trying to use the Internet, especially the World Wide Web, to provide their citizens with valuable information to enhance the community's quality of life and to increase civic participation.To help these government units to improve their use of the World Wide Web, cyber‐state.org is undertaking an initiative to assess each of Michigan's local government Web sites, using a national assessment tool called WAESThe Website Attribute Evaluation System (WAES) was developed by the Cyberspace Policy Research Group (CyPRG), http://www.cyprg.arizona.edu/. CyPRG is based at the University of Arizona, Tucson and George Mason University and conducts research on the openness and transparency of national government websites across the globe. The National Science Foundation's Social Behavior and Economic Research, and Computer Information Science Divisions have funded their work since 1996.
, and to provide national benchmarks and models. The poster presentation will address the value of e‐government, using the Michigan case study, where it's at and where it's going – current trends and future possibilities. The methodology and results will be shared from this year's report, Michigan's local governments onlne status and their usage.
Mapping “a beautiful mind:” A comparison of the author cocitation PFNets for John Nash, John Harsanyi, and Reinhard Selten—the three winners of the 1994 Nobel Prize for Economics
Authors: McCain Katherine W. , McCain Roger A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe present the results of an Author Cocitation Analysis focusing on Nash, Harsanyi, and Selten and the top 24–27 authors with which each is cocited in the five years prior to their (1994) receipt of the Nobel Prize for Economics (1989:1993) and the five years following (1995:1999). We explore the different impacts that these three authors' work had on scholarship in these two time periods. Preliminary results show a substantial core of game theory authors anchoring the center of all three PFNets and unique sets of “penumbral” authors frequently cocited with each of the three winners.
Reducing the information gap: Digital library development in Brazil
Authors: McCarthy Cavan , da Cunha Marilo Bastos 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPrincipal Brazilian digital library initiatives were identified and characterized. Significant projects in the area of science and research include gateway sites for research (Prossiga), set up and maintained cooperatively, also a multinational access system for regional electronic journals (SciELO). Systems which offer access to texts of the Brazilian classics predominate in the field of literature and hmanities. Digital libraries have had a significant impact on Brazil. Government financing was critical for implanting these new services. Institutions which already have a strong background in advanced technology have significantly better chances of success in the digital library field. Cooperative projects have also had significant impact.
Attorneys interacting with legal information systems: Tools for mental model building and task integration
Authors: Komlodi Anita , Soergel Dagobert 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper reports (1) on the results of a user study and (2) search‐history‐based user interface tools developed based on the results of the study. The research described is part of a dissertation (Komlodi 2002) that examined the use of search histories in legal information seeking and derived interface design recommendations for information storage and re trieval systems. The study examined legal information seekers' use of their memory and externally recorded search histories in searching for and using information through qualitative research methods. The data collected was analyzed to identify potential task areas where search histories can support information seeking and use. The results show that many information‐seeking tasks can take advantage of automatically and manually recorded history information, including mental model building of a topical area, the integration of searching for and using infrmation, and integrating these into larger tasks contexts, which are reported in this paper. These findings encouraged the design of user interface tools building on search history information: direct search history displays, history‐enabled scratchpad facilities, and organized results collection tools.
Information gathering: The information behaviors of line‐managers within a business environment
Authors: Mackenzie Maureen L. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe information needs faced by managers are not always clear and straightforward. Therefore, the motivation behind a manager's information gathering behavior is not easily defined. In this research study it is suggested that managers have a tendency to seek and accumulate information for which they have no explicit or known need. This tendency to accumulate informatio enables managers to behave as they do, for example, making rapid decisions, jumping from problem to problem and foregoing the formal information search process that non‐managers may follow when seeking to close a gap in knowledge. Three hypotheses will be empirically tested by statistically comparing line managers to non‐managers. A questionnaire is used to gather quantitative data on the line‐managers' perceptions and information behaviors. The results offer some evidence to the difference in behavior between managers and non‐managers.
Hermes, the information messenger. Integrating information services and delivering them to the end user
Authors: Coello‐Coutiño Gerardo , Ainsworth Shirley , Escalante‐Gonzalbo Ana María 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe boom of the internet during the last 10 years has produced an accelerated and slightly chaotic growth in information services. User frustration with multiple databases, confusing interfaces, bewildering query languages, search protocols, and differing results formats has also increased. These services need to be both integrated and homogenized. Hermes is a research tool that uses specially designed acquisition, parsing and presentation methods to integrate information resources, from searching in disparate bibliographic databases, to accessing the full text articles online, and developing a web of information associated with each reference, via one seamless common interface. The system has been developed with Open Source software and has a Web interface. At present it searches 17 bibliographic databases on several different platforms, and delivers results from more than 7,000 full text electronic journals. We also discuss the obstacles that exist for the development of this kind of tool, due to the lack of acceptance and implementation of standards, and compare Hermes with other similar projects.
Filtering for medical news items
Authors: Watters Carolyn , Zheng Wanhong , Milios Evangelos 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this paper we describe recent work toprovide a filtering service for readers interested in medically related news articles from online news sources. The first task is to filter out the nonmedical news articles. The remaining articles, the medically related ones, are then assigned MeSH headings for context and then categorized further by intended audience level (medical expert, medically knowledgeable, no particular medical background needed). The effectiveness goals include both accuracy and efficiency. That is, the process must be robust and efficient enough to scan significant data sets dynamically for the user at the same time as provide accurate results. Our primary effectiveness goal is to provide high accuracy at the medical/nonmedical filtering step. The secondary concern is the effectiveness of the subsequent grouping of the medical articles into reader groups with MeSH contexts for each paper. While it is relatively easy for people to judge that an article is nonmedical or medical in content it is relatively difficult to judge that any given article is of interest to certain types of readers, based on the medical language used. Consequently the goal is not necessarily to remove articles of higher readership level but rather to provide more information for the reader.
Communities of practice with and without information technology
Authors: Hara Noriko , Kling Rob 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDespite strong interest among practitioners and scholars, the study of communities of practice (CoPs) and Information Technology (IT) is short of empirical research. This paper presents a theoretical framework for communities of practice and provides alternative perspectives on IT supports for communities of practice. The framework was developed based on the literature and ethnographic case studies of communities of practice within two organizations. The study examines how people share and construct their knowledge and how they use collaborative IT to support work practices in two organizations. The surprising finding is that the groups that used IT most intensively had the least well‐developed CoPs. The results of the study would inform practice and research in Knowledge Management.
Cross‐cultural preference of visual information in primary school ESL children
Authors: Copper Linda Z. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper presents a pilot study that investigates cross‐cultural preferences of visual information in primary school children for whom English is a second language. Recently immigrated children from three different countries were shown twentyfour sets of three pictorial representations of the same concept, each published in a different country, one of these being the country of origin of some of the children. Children were asked to identify the concept represented in each set, select the best representation of the concept, and give a reason for their preference. Results are presented and discussed in terms of developmental considerations, background of participants, origin of publication, and graphic qualities of representations.
Once found, what then? A study of “keeping” behaviors in the personal use of Web information
Authors: Jones William , Dumais Susan , Bruce Harry 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis observational study investigates the methods people use in their workplace to organize web information for re‐use. In addition to the bookmarking and history list tools provided by web browsers, people observed in our study used a variety of other methods and associated tools. For example, several participants emailed web addresses (URLs) along with comments to themselves and to others. Other methods observed included printing out web pages, saving web pages to the hard drive, pasting the address for a web page into a document and pasting the address into a personal web site. Differences emerged between people according to their workplace role and their relationship to the information they were gathering. Managers, for example, depended heavily on email to gather and disseminate information and did relatively little direct exploration of the Web. A functional analysis helps to explain differences in “keeping” behavior between people and to explain the overall diversity of methods observed. People differ in the functions they require according to their workplace role and the tasks they must perform; methods vary widely in the functions they provide. The functional analysis can also help to assess the likely success of various tools, current and proposed.
Innovative uses of knowledge management to maintain competitive advantage. Sponsored by SIG MGT, SIG KM
Authors: Edgar Bill , Bergeron Pierrette , Miller Jerry , Breeding Bret , Shelfer Katherine , Procaccino J. Drew , Jones Yolanda , Casale AnnaMarie Del , White Larry Nash , Colby Beverly 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis panel will explore innovative applications of Knowledge Management to give conference attendees a peek at the next generation of KM from the research perspective, but including a practical spin. Some of the topics addressed will be the application of the concept of “boundary spanning” to support knowledge management innovation. Another will address the use of unfamiliar workflow models to improve knowledge transfer. The use of competitive intelligence systems technology to guide knowledge management software development will be explored, as well as other examples of the linking of competitive intelligence to knowledge management. The emphasis is on maintaining competitive edge through KM.
Digital divide II: Global vs. local content. Sponsored by SIG III
Authors: Xu Hong , Armstrong Peter , Shadrach Basheerhamad , Sealy Wendy , Stansbury Mary 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAt ASIST 2001 conference, a digital divide panel session on issues, policies, and case studies were very well‐received. This year, as a followup, three presenters will discuss how to bridge digital divide at local, regional, and global levels.
Access to large spoken archives: Uses and technology. Sponsored by SIG VIS
Authors: Soergel Dagobert , Gustman Samuel , Kornbluh Mark , Ramabhadran Bhuvana , Goldman Jerry 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWith recent advances in information technology, digital archiving is emerging as an important and practical method for capturing the human experience. Large amounts of spoken materials and audiovisual materials in which speech is an important component are becoming available. This panel will discuss the uses of these mateials for education, information retrieval and dissemination, and research, the requirements that arise from these uses, and speech recognition and retrieval technologies being developed to meet these requirements. These materials have tremendous potential for enriching the presentation of information in education, newscasts and documentaries, but retrieval from and access to these large repositories pose significant challenges. The panel will provide an overview of these issues.
Multicultural aspects of information organization and access. Sponsored by SIG III
Authors: Zhang Yin , Skrzeszewski Stan , Subrahmanyam Bhagirathi , Metoyer Cheryl , Leroy Nathalie , Caidi Nadia 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe globalization of information creates an involving multicultural environment that poses great opportunities and challenges for information organization and access. In this panel session, a group of experts will present their insight and research to illustrate how they address these opportunities and challenges.
Virtual reference services: Exploring the open source options. Sponsored by SIG DL, SIG ED, SIG LAN, SIG STI
Authors: Tang Rong , Calarco Pascal V. , Fagan Jody Condit , Stormont Sam , Casson Rob 
Published: January 2005

AbstractVirtual reference services, particularly in academic libraries, are coming to be regarded as essential. LSSI and LivePerson are among the well‐established commercial vendors of virtual reference systems. However, interesting open source efforts offer libraries the power to customize their virtual reference services to best meet their institution's needs better than many commercial packages can. This session provides an overview of three open‐source packages, discusses how they are being used, and examines their role in providing academic reference services.
Digital libraries supporting distance education. Sponsored by SIG DL, SIG ED, SIG PUB
Authors: Calarco Pascal V. , Griffiths Joséa‐Marie , Tirrell Tim , Long Phillip D. , Walker Ed 
Published: January 2005

AbstractUse of online courseware in supporting distributed and distance learning in higher education is maturing in terms of both technology and organizational readiness. However, faculty and institutions are concerned with receiving equal credit for creating and delivering online courses. For both, peer review is important, while faculty have additional concern over workload and promotion and tenure considerations. Standards, interoperability, and collaboration will increase the legitimacy of their efforts. This session will present the work of three initiatives that are developing standards for courseware repositories, interoperability between courseware products, and collaborative efforts to produce and share courseware for member institutions and others.
Mapping the knowledge. Sponsored by SIG MET, SIG VIS
Authors: Chen Chaomei , McCain Katherine , Boyack Kevin W. , Lin Xia , Morris Steven A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis technical panel session aims to bring together researchers and practitioners who are interested in exploiting quantitative and qualitative approaches to tracking and visualizing the development of science and technology, with special emphasis on the potential of information visualization techniques. The aim is to bring home some issues that have been the central concern of information scientists so as to promote cross‐disciplinary communications on topics such as scholarly communication, science studies, and knowledge discovery and information visualization.
Digital intermediation: An exploration of user and intermediary perspectives
Authors: Southwick Sílvia Barcellos 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn recent years major efforts have been made in developing digital library technologies for information seeking. This is an evolving area with many challenges for both practitioners and researchers. In particular, at the current stage in digital library development, users may still be unable to find relevant resources to solve their information problems without the help of human intermediaries. Intermediaries have traditionally served an important role in assisting library system users. Following on this tradition, information services have begun to offer human‐mediated reference to assist remote users. Despite this trend, there remains an inadequate understanding of the effectiveness of these systems. This paper reports on an exploratory case study of intermediation in a hospital digital library information service. The study focused on intermediation where user‐intermediary communications were conducted through an asynchronous text‐based digital medium. The goal of the research was in describing and gaining a further understanding of the processes of intermediation. The overall approach was naturalistic with grounded theory providing a framework for data analysis. The contributions of the study are evidenced in a descriptive framework of nine categories of factors perceived as affecting digital intermediation. The paper concludes with directions for future research.
Finding aid as interface? Enhancing K‐12 access to digitized cultural heritage resources through adaptive systems technology: An exploratory study
Authors: Besser Howard , Afnan‐Manns Sheila , Stieber Dale Ann , Griest Bryan , Turnbow Dominique , Dorr Aimée 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTo what extent must diverse users adapt themselves to singular one‐interface systems, and in what ways does this impede access and use? In a perfect world of adaptive systems, backend architecture structuring digital information would be accessible through multiple user interfaces that support the literacy levels, technological capabilities and other characteristics of different user groups. Collaborating with the California Digital Library, usability testing was conducted with 4th and 12th graders to compare the effectiveness of an existing finding aid‐based interface with a newly developed prototype interfaco in retrieving cultural heritage information. Findings inform the growing number of efforts by cultural heritage communities—including libraries, archives, museums, and community organizations—to create broader access to their rich resources through digitization.
MOAC II user evaluation: Making museum content useful
Authors: Gilliland‐Swetland Anne , Chandler Robin L. , White Layna 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMuseums and the Online Archive of California II User Evaluation (MOAC II) examines digital museum content for use in education and research. MOAC II is an advancement of MOAC (1998‐present), a major collaboration involving integration of collection descriptions and images. The evaluation targets four user constituencies: K‐12 teachers, university students, academics in the humanities and social sciences, and museum professionals, librarians and archivists. MOAC II examines why users use digital museum objects, what users need to understand about museum objects as sources of information and evidence, and how digital museum objects might be used to enhance classroom teaching at K‐12, undergraduate, and graduate levels. MOAC II collaborators will report on progress made in the first year of this collaborative research project.
A text corpus approach to an analysis of the shared use of core terminology
Authors: Patrick Timothy B. , Reid John C. , Sievert MaryEllen , Rice Frances Ellis , Gigantelli James W. , Schiffman Jade S. , Shelton Mark E. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe sought to investigate the shared use of core Ophthalmology terms in the domains of Ophthalmology, Family Practice and Radiology. A random sample of 450 terms was selected from the terms submitted as Ophthalmology terms in the NLM/AHCPR Large Scale Vocabulary Test. Two expert Ophthalmologists rated each term as Ophthalmic or non‐Ophthalmic. When both raters agreed that a term was Ophthalmic, it was treated as a core Ophthalmology term for purposes of the study. We searched for the core terms in a text corpus of 38,695 MEDLINE abstracts covering 1970–1999 from journals representing the three domains of Ophthalmology, Radiology, and Family Practice. We compared proportions of abstracts from each domain for each term. We examined overlap of confidence intervals for proportions of abstracts for each core term and domain. Core Ophthalmology terms were used significantly more by Ophthalmology than by Radiology, or by Family Practice.
User centric design and implementation of a digital historic costume collection
Authors: Martin Kathi , Lin Xia , Lunin Lois 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper reports on the human factors considered in the design and implementation of a digital museum for historic costume. Starting with a thorough elicitation and analysis of the qualitative as well as the functional needs of its users, an evolutionary prototype has been developed for a model of digital archiving that delivers a gratifying web experience, visually and interactively. The prototype is a standards and best practices based information system with the interface designed to be accessible for anyone with World Wide Web experience. An online category thesaurus has been developed to enhance the classification of, and access to, images and data about historic costume. Standards and protocols of the Open Archive Initiative (OAI) and the Museums Online Archive California (MOAC) are being implemented to broaden the user base by making the system portable and extendible.