bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light and Magnetism Orchestrating Aquatic Pollutant‐Degradation Robots in Programmable Trajectories
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Meng Lingzhuang , Zhang Yan , Xin Qiangwei , Zhou Yuhang , Ma Zhengxin , Zuo Liangrui , Zheng Chuyi , Luo Jun , Zhou Yahong , Ding Chunmei , Li Jianshu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInterfacial floating robots have promising applications in carriers, environmental monitoring, water treatment, and so on. Even though, engineering smart robots with both precisely efficient navigation and elimination of water pollutants in long term remains a challenge, as the superhydrophobicity greatly lowers resistance for aquatic motion while sacrificing chemical reactivity of the surface. Here, a pollutant‐removing superhydrophobic robot integrated with well‐assembled iron oxide‐bismuth sulfide heterojunction composite minerals, which provide both light and magnetic propulsion, and the ability of catalytic degradation, is reported. The motion velocity of the robot reaches up to 51.9 mm s−1 within only 300 ms of acceleration under the orchestration of light, and brakes rapidly (≈200–300 ms) once turn off the light. And magnetism extends the robot to work in broad range of surface tensions in any programmable trajectory. Besides, purification of polluted water is efficiently achieved in situ and the degradation efficiency exhibits eightfold enhancements under the effect of light‐triggered photothermal behavior coupled with magnetic induction, overcoming the dilemma of efficient motion with catalytic superhydrophobicity. This strategy developed here provides guidelines for the explorations of high‐performance smart devices.
Inducible transgene expression in CHO cells using an artificial transcriptional activator with estrogen‐binding domain
Authors: Rahman Md. Rashidur , Kawabe Yoshinori , Suzuki Kozumi , Chen Satoshi , Amamoto Yuki , Kamihira Masamichi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBiopharmaceuticals, including therapeutic antibodies, are rapidly growing products in the pharmaceutical market. Mammalian cells, such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, are widely used as production hosts because recombinant antibodies require complex three‐dimensional structures modified with sugar chains. Recombinant protein production using mammalian cells is generally performed with cell growth. In this study, we developed a technology that controls cell growth and recombinant protein production to induce recombinant protein production with predetermined timing. Expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene and a single‐chain antibody fused with the Fc‐region of the human IgG1 (scFv‐Fc) gene can be induced and mediated by the estrogen receptor‐based artificial transcription factor Gal4‐ERT2‐VP16 and corresponding inducer drugs. We generated CHO cells using an artificial gene expression system. The addition of various concentrations of inducer drugs to the culture medium allowed control of proliferation and transgene expression of the engineered CHO cells. Use of 4‐hydroxytamoxifen, an antagonist of estrogen, as an inducing agent yielded high gene expression at a concentration more than 10‐fold lower than that of β‐estradiol. When scFv‐Fc was produced under inducing conditions, continuous production was possible for more than 2 weeks while maintaining high specific productivity (57 pg cell−1 day−1). This artificial gene expression control system that utilizes the estrogen response of estrogen receptors can be an effective method for inducible production of biopharmaceuticals.
Recurrent selection for Fusarium head blight resistance in a durum wheat population
Authors: Wang Runhao , Axtman Jason , Leng Yueqiang , Salsman Evan , Hegstad Justin , Fiedler Jason D , Xu Steven , Zhong Shaobin , Elias Elias , Li Xuehui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease of wheat. Since early 1990s, frequent FHB epidemics in major wheat‐growing regions have caused massive economic losses. Developing FHB‐resistant varieties is key to minimize the loss caused by the disease. In durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum), however, it is challenged by lack of resistant sources. Introgression of resistance genes from wild relatives and bread wheat has resulted in some durum wheat lines with moderate resistance. Due to its complex genetic nature, integrating more resistance genes with moderate and even minor effects promises to provide high and durable FHB resistance. In this study, a base population was developed using diverse resistant lines and elite durum wheat breeding lines as founders and went through three cycles of phenotypic selection from 2019 to 2022, with FHB severity decreased by 34%. Six S0:1 lines in Cycle 2 and Cycle 3 populations exhibited significantly lower FHB severity than the moderately susceptible check variety ND Riveland. The results suggested that recurrent phenotypic selection could effectively improve FHB resistance. Analysis of the founders and Cycle 2 and Cycle 3 populations with 2706 single nucleotide polymorphism markers indicated that there was little decrease in genetic variation due to selection. Genome‐wide association analysis found no markers significantly associated with FHB severity. Genomic prediction accuracies based on cross‐validation for FHB severity, plant height, and days‐to‐flowering were 0.51, 0.69, and 0.61, respectively. Recurrent genomic selection can shorten the select cycle to 4 months and therefore is promising to accelerate genetic improvement of FHB severity.
PF475 PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF METABOLIC TUMOR VOLUME AND TOTAL LESION GLYCOLYSIS CALCULATION ON BASELINE 18F‐FDG‐PET‐CT IN PATIENTS WITH HODGKIŃS LYMPHOMA AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Bermúdez Ferro K.E. , Paredes E. , Garcia F.O. , Moreno Martinez M.L. , Lome Maldonado M.D. C. , Ramírez Ibarguen A.F. 
Published: December 2023

Background:Hodgkin Lymphoma is a neoplasm with remission high rates with conventional therapy, however 20% does not respond or has relapsing disease. Multiple strategies have been investigated to predict the outcomes to treatment, one of them is interim PET CT to predict progression free survival (PFS). Other parameters that can be measured are total lesion glycolysis (TLG) and metabolic tumor volume (TMV), which might provide useful prognostic information at diagnosis that in the future could be the base for new risk assesment models.Aims:To assess the prognostic value of TMV and TLG measured by 18FFDG PET‐CT at the time of diagnosis of HL and its relation to PFS.Methods:It was selected patients with recent diagnosis of HL between 2009–2015 in the National Institute of Oncology, with a PET CT at diagnosis. It was calculation of TMV and TLG at time of diagnosis using the syringo.via V8108 software. To define the optimal cutoff the ROC curve was established using SPSS software and Kapla‐Meier curves were generated for survival analysis followed by the long rank test.Results:We identified 144 patients, 11 were excluded do to loss of follow up. With male predominance (53%). Median age was 36 years (16–83). The most of patients had advanced disease (70%). All patients received AVBD and 74% radiotherapy as consolidation. Complete remission was 80%. According ROC curves the cutoff for TLG was 2650 cm3. The clinical differences between patients with high TGL has been showed in Fig 1. The median follow‐up was 54 months (4–115), 5 years OS and PFS were 82.5% and 70% respectively. High TLG was a significant prognostic factor with 5y PFS 62% vs 76% (p = <0.05). There was no difference in OS. In the univariate analysis other prognostic factor for PFS were extraganglionar disease (p = 0.045) and IPS prognostic scale above 3 points (p = 0.01). The cutoff for MTV was 350 cm3, however high MTV was not related to worse prognosis.Summary/Conclusion:In our population the cutoff for TLG were 2650 cm3 associated to lower PFS and more tumor burden. MTV was not associated with lower PFS as previous reports. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation between this results and clinical characteristics, thus, it can be used as a strategy to decide the first treatment line.image
PF484 MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH SHORT SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH WALDENSTRÖM MACROGLOBULINEMIA
Authors: Ruan G. , Abeykoon J. , Zanwar S. , Gertz M. , Ansell S. , Reeder C. , Ailawadhi S. , Dispenzieri A. , Dingli D. , Lacy M. , Go R. , Leung N. , Buadi F. , Gonsalves W. , Kyle R. , Rajkumar V. , Kumar S. , Kapoor P. 
Published: December 2023

Background:Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare, indolent B‐cell lymphoplasmacytic malignancy. Patient outcomes are highly heterogeneous, with a proportion of patients surviving less than 5 years (short survivors) and another proportion that survive longer than 10 years. The laboratory parameters in the currently used International Prognostic Scoring System for WM (IPSSWM) include hemoglobin, serum IgM, platelet count, and serum β2‐microglobulin.Aims:We aim to identify unique patient characteristics and prognostic features associated with short survival in WM.Methods:The medical records of patients with active WM that were diagnosed at Mayo Clinic Rochester, Arizona, and Florida between January 1st, 1996 and December 31st, 2013 were reviewed. The patients with smoldering WM were excluded. Cohorts of patients who either survived ≤ 5 years (Short Survival Group) or those with an overall survival (OS) ≥ 10 years (Long Survival Group) from the diagnosis of active disease were compared. Survivors with a follow‐up of ≤ 5 years were not included in the analyses. Two‐sided Wilcoxon rank sum test and Chi square/Fisher's exact test were used to compare the continuous and categorical variables, respectively. The variables that were statistically significant on univariate analysis (P < 0.05) were included in a multivariate logisitic regression analysis.Results:Of 893 consecutively seen WM patients (median follow‐up of 9 years [95% CI 8.4–9.7]), we identified 387 patients who could be categorized into either the Short Survival Group (n = 171 patients, 44%) or the Long Survival Group (n = 216, 56%). The Short Survival Group had a median OS of 2.4 years (2.1–2.8) and median age at diagnosis of 73 years (42–93), while the Long Survival Group (n = 216, 56%) had a median OS of 18.9 years (16‐NR) and median age at diagnosis of 62 years (31–85). The baseline characteristics and significant findings between the two groups are listed in the Table. Parameters significant on univariate analysis included age >65 years, albumin < 3.5 g/dL, β2‐microglobulin >3 μg/ml, and LDH > upper limit of normal (ULN). On multivariate analysis, albumin <3.5 g/dL and LDH > ULN were independently associated with short survival. Among the Long Survivors, 60 (28%) patients survived 15 years or more.Summary/Conclusion:Lactate dehydrogenase above the ULN and serum albumin <3.5 g/dL are independent biomarkers of short survival in WM. The MYD88
L265P status and the size of serum IgM are not prognostic in WM. Our data suggest the need for simplification of the current staging system with the use of widely available markers: serum albumin and lactate dehydrogenase.image
PF490 PRESENCE OF BRAFV600E MUTATION IN CHILDHOOD LCH CORRELATES WITH MULTISYSTEM DISEASE AND A POOR SURVIVAL
Authors: Bhatia P. , Singh M. , Srinivasan R. , Kakkar N. , Trehan A. , Bansal D. 
Published: December 2023

Background:Reports in LCH have observed BRAFV600E mutation in 35–40% cases of LCH and have demonstrated its relation with poor outcome.Aims:The aim of the study was to detect the presence of BRAFV600E mutation in children with LCH and to correlate with survival.Methods:Retrospective, Single centre, Case‐control study. Biopsy or FNAC diagnosed and immunochemistry confirmed (CD1a and S‐100 +ve) cases of LCH over 5‐years were retrieved. RQ‐PCR as well as Sanger sequencing for BRAFV600E mutation was performed. Ten cases of non‐LCH histiocytic proliferations were run as controls.Results:Thirty‐five LCH cases enrolled. 4 cases were excluded due to poor quality of DNA and 2 due to lack of follow up. The mean age was 2.5 years (0.4–11 yrs). Unisystem involvement was noted in 13/28 (46.5%) cases and multisystem in 15/28 (53.5%), including 13 with risk organ involvement. Of the 28 samples run on RQ‐PCR, BRAFV600E mutation was identified in 6/28 (21%) cases. The copy number threshold (Ct) values of positive cases ranged from 25.8–34.1 with a mean of 30.2. Sanger sequencing in all 28 samples confirmed positivity in 5/6 cases. One case did not yield reportable reads. There were no false negatives noted. Ten events (36%) were recorded, including 4 (14%) disease relapse, 3 (11%) deaths and 3 (11%) with progressive disease. All patients positive for mutation had multisystem involvement (100%) (p 0.0348), an EFS at 3‐years of 17% vs. 72% in negative group (p 0.0110) and an OS of 32.5% vs. 82% (p 0.0330). The lower BRAFV600E positivity than west could be likely due to archival samples and degraded DNA.Summary/Conclusion:The frequency for BRAFV600E positivity was low (21%), however, all positive cases had multisystem involvement and a poor 3‐year survival, confirming BRAFV600E to be a poor prognostic marker.image
Neonatal resveratrol administration promotes skeletal muscle growth and insulin sensitivity in intrauterine growth‐retarded suckling piglets associated with activation of FGF21–AMPKα pathway
Authors: Bai Guangyi , Chen Jinyong , Liu Yue , Chen Jun , Yan Honglin , You Jinming , Zou Tiande 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSkeletal muscle is a major insulin‐sensitive tissue with a pivotal role in modulating glucose homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of resveratrol (RES) intervention during the suckling period on skeletal muscle growth and insulin sensitivity of neonates with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in a pig model.RESULTSTwelve pairs of normal birth weight (NBW) and IUGR neonatal male piglets were selected. The NBW and IUGR piglets were fed basal formula milk diet or identical diet supplemented with 0.1% RES from 7 to 21 days of age. Myofiber growth and differentiation, inflammation and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle were assessed. Early RES intervention promoted myofiber growth and maturity in IUGR piglets by ameliorating the myogenesis process and increasing thyroid hormone level. Administering RES also reduced triglyceride concentration in skeletal muscle of IUGR piglets, along with decreased inflammatory response, increased plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) concentration and improved insulin signaling. Meanwhile, the improvement of insulin sensitivity by RES may be partly regulated by activation of the FGF21/AMP‐activated protein kinase α/sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α pathway.CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that RES has beneficial effects in promoting myofiber growth and maturity and increasing skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in IUGR piglets, which open a novel field of application of RES in IUGR infants for improving postnatal metabolic adaptation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of long‐term different‐scale rice–duck farming on the growth and yield of paddy rice
Authors: Yang Chaoran , Han Ning , Liu Mengting , Wei Chenghao , Mao Ruilin , Chen Changqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo maintain rice production and increase revenue, rice–duck (RD) farming is a contemporary ecological cycle technology that has been widely used in Asia. However, due to the clustering activity of duck flocks, the consequences of long‐term RD farming on rice growth at different scales are still unknown. Here, we studied RD farming using several different treatments (CK: conventional rice farming; RD1: 667 m2; RD2: 2000 m2; and RD3: 3333 m2).RESULTSThe results demonstrated that the maximum tillers, effective spikes, dry matter accumulation, and lodging index of rice under RD farming were significantly decreased by 17.9%, 9.8%, 14.8%, and 17.8%, respectively, which ultimately caused a significant decrease in yield of 10.6%. However, RD farming significantly increased root oxidation activity and the ear‐bearing tiller rate of rice by 25.5% and 11.1%, respectively, and improved yield stability. For different scales of RD farming, the lodging resistance index of RD1 was significantly lower than that of RD2 and RD3 by 10.0% and 15.2%, respectively, whereas the root oxidation activity and dry matter accumulation of RD2 were significantly higher than those of RD1 and RD3 by 11.1%, 4.7%, 8.6%, and 5.1%, respectively. For rice yield, there was no significant difference among the different scales.CONCLUSIONThis long‐term experiment helped elucidate the complicated effects of RD farming at different scales on the growth and yield of rice. It is also critical to consider the economic advantages of different scales of RD farming to assess the impact of this system more thoroughly. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Preparation and performance optimization in high‐voltage cable semiconductive shielding layer for polyolefin composite based on multifractal analysis
Authors: Zhang Yonghai , Zhang Leigang , Liu Yong , Wu Tan , Chen Yuhui , Bai Baofeng , Luo Qi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, the semiconductive shielding composite was prepared successfully using the melt mixing method. The effects of combining multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and carbon black (CB) into polyolefin plasticizers/ethylene vinyl acetate/linear low density polyethylene matrix on the mechanical performances, electrical conductivity, and processing rheological properties of the samples were investigated. The research results indicate that adding MWCNT to the prepared semiconductive shielding composite can form a complete conductive network, and its synergistic effect with CB jointly improves the conductivity of the composite material. Compared with the absence of MWCNT, its bulk resistivity decreased from 1.61 W • cm to 0.89 W • cm, a decrease of 44.7%. At the same time, the prepared semiconductive shielding composite has excellent mechanical and processing performances. The elongation at break, maximum tensile strength, and elastic modulus of the composites were increased by 30.9%, 17.9%, and 4.9%, respectively. Based on multifractal analysis, by adjusting the content of MWCNT in composite and optimized processing paths, the distribution and microstructure of MWCNT in composite can be optimized to obtain adjustable mechanical and processing rheological properties. This study presents a guiding approach for designing and developing functional composites requiring adjustable mechanical performances.Highlights
The semiconductive shielding composite was prepared successfully.
The prepared composite has excellent mechanical and processing performances.
Multiwall carbon nanotubes with carbon black can form conductive network.
The microstructure can be optimized by quantitative characterization of the morphology.
The effect of different GNP/BNNP foam structures in the infiltration of epoxy resin: A fundamental study
Authors: Benedetti L. , Orikasa K. , Agarwal A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHierarchical 3D architecture of nanoplatelets, also known as foams, has arisen as a promising alternative to overcome agglomeration and promote mechanical reinforcement and electrical and thermal conductivity of polymer composites. Freeze‐drying is a cost‐effective method to manufacture foams with different structures and tailored thermal and electrical properties. This study used freeze‐drying to produce graphene (GNP), boron‐nitride (BNNP), and hybrid foams of different ratios. The interaction between these structures and high‐temperature epoxy grade was investigated via contact angle analysis. The foams were also infiltrated with epoxy to achieve a fully dense nanocomposite. The contact angle monitoring reveals solid loading content, composition, and structure as the main factors affecting wettability. Despite the slight variation in porosity among the foams, all the samples achieved a densification above 96%, suggesting that the epoxy viscosity of 2.34 Pa∙s combined with optimized infiltration parameters can successfully produce dense nanocomposites. The contact angle analysis is a suitable method to compare the infiltration quality of freeze‐dried foams and can be applied to evaluate the production feasibility of other polymer/foam nanocomposites. Furthermore, preliminary thermal data shows a clear temperature increase for the epoxy/foam structures, with GNP and 50:50 GNP:BNNP being the most thermally conductive compositions. This study serves as a starting point for freeze‐dried foams/polymer nanocomposite investigation and may broaden the possibilities for manufacturing and future application of these structures.Highlights
The freeze‐dried foams were successfully fabricated and infiltrated with high‐temperature epoxy, obtaining densifications above 96%.
The main factors affecting infiltration are foam morphology, porosity, and chemical affinity between polymer and foam platelets.
Thermal conductivity has significantly improved by adding GNP and BNNP foam network to epoxy matrix.
Structural characterization of the Sel1‐like repeat protein LceB from Legionella pneumophila
Authors: Penner Tiffany V. , Lorente Cobo Neil , Patel Deepak T. , Patel Dhruvin H. , Savchenko Alexei , Brassinga Ann Karen C. , Prehna Gerd 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLegionella are freshwater Gram‐negative bacteria that in their normal environment infect protozoa. However, this adaptation also allows Legionella to infect human alveolar macrophages and cause pneumonia. Central to Legionella pathogenesis are more than 330 secreted effectors, of which there are nine core effectors that are conserved in all pathogenic species. Despite their importance, the biochemical function of several core effectors remains unclear. To address this, we have taken a structural approach to characterize the core effector of unknown function LceB, or Lpg1356, from Legionella pneumophila. Here, we solve an X‐ray crystal structure of LceB using an AlphaFold model for molecular replacement. The experimental structure shows that LceB adopts a Sel1‐like repeat (SLR) fold as predicted. However, the crystal structure captured multiple conformations of LceB, all of which differed from the AlphaFold model. A comparison of the predicted model and the experimental models suggests that LceB is highly flexible in solution. Additionally, the molecular analysis of LceB using its close structural homologs reveals sequence and structural motifs of known biochemical function. Specifically, LceB harbors a repeated KAAEQG motif that both stabilizes the SLR fold and is known to participate in protein–protein interactions with eukaryotic host proteins. We also observe that LceB forms several higher‐order oligomers in solution. Overall, our results have revealed that LceB has conformational flexibility, self‐associates, and contains a molecular surface for binding a target host‐cell protein. Additionally, our data provides structural insights into the SLR family of proteins that remain poorly studied.
On-Shell Techniques for Tree-Level Amplitudes
Authors: Badger Simon , Henn Johannes , Plefka Jan Christoph , Zoia Simone 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this chapter we focus on the pole structure of tree-level amplitudes. We argue that amplitudes factorise on these poles into lower-point amplitudes. Moreover, universal factorisation structures emerge when two momenta become collinear as well as in the limit of low energy of a single particle—the soft limit. These factorisation properties are the basis of an efficient technique for computing tree-level scattering amplitudes in gauge theories and gravity recursively—without ever referring to Feynman rules or even a Lagrangian. These recursion relations use as input lower-point amplitudes, so that the gauge redundancy, which is partly responsible for the complexity of conventional Feynman graph calculations, is absent in this entirely on-shell based formalism. We then show the invariance of scattering amplitudes under Poincaré transformations, and introduce the conformal symmetry of gauge-theory tree-level amplitudes. Finally, we highlight a surprising double-copy relation between gluon and graviton amplitudes.