bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing or impeding? The influence of digital systems on interprofessional practice and person‐centred care in nutrition care systems across rehabilitation units
Authors: Olufson Hannah T. , Ottrey Ella , Green Theresa L. , Young Adrienne M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsDigital health transformation may enhance or impede person‐centred care and interprofessional practice, and thus the provision of high‐quality rehabilitation and nutrition services. We aimed to understand how different elements and factors within existing digital nutrition and health systems in subacute rehabilitation units influence person‐centred and/or interprofessional nutrition and mealtime care practices through the lens of complexity science.MethodsOur ethnographic study was completed through an interpretivist paradigm. Data were collected from observation and interviews with patients, support persons and staff. Overall, 58 h of ethnographic field work led to observing 125 participants and interviewing 77 participants, totalling 165 unique participants. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse the data with consideration of complexity science.ResultsWe developed four themes: (1) the interplay of local context and technology use in nutrition care systems; (2) digitalisation affects staff participation in nutrition and mealtime care; (3) embracing technology to support nutrition and food service flexibility; and (4) the (in)visibility of digitally enabled nutrition care systems.ConclusionsWhile digital systems enhance the visibility and flexibility of nutrition care systems in some instances, they may also reduce the ability to customise nutrition and mealtime care and lead to siloing of nutrition‐related activities. Our findings highlight that the introduction of digital systems alone may be insufficient to enable interprofessional practice and person‐centred care within nutrition and mealtime care and thus should be accompanied by local processes and workflows to maximise digital potential.
A Staphylococcus capitis strain with unusual bacteriocin production
Authors: Szekat Christiane , Josten Michaele , Rickmeyer Jasmin , Crüsemann Max , Bierbaum Gabriele 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStaphylococcus capitis is a member of the human and mammal skin microbiomes and is considered less harmful than Staphylococcus aureus. S. capitis subsp. urealyticus BN2 was isolated from a cat and expressed strong antibacterial activity against a range of Gram‐positive species, most notably including S. aureus strains with resistance to methicillin (MRSA) and strains with intermediate resistance to vancomycin (VISA). These latter strains are normally relatively resistant to bacteriocins, due to cell wall and cell membrane modifications. Genomic sequencing showed that the strain harboured at least two complete gene clusters for biosynthesis of antagonistic substances. The complete biosynthetic gene cluster of the well‐known lantibiotic gallidermin was encoded on a large plasmid and the mature peptide was present in isopropanol cell extracts. In addition, a chromosomal island contained a novel non‐ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene cluster. Accidental deletion of two NRPS modules and partial purification of the anti‐VISA activity showed that this novel bacteriocin represents a complex of differently decorated, non‐ribosomal peptides. Additionally, a number of phenol‐soluble modulins (PSMs) was detected by mass spectrometry of whole cells. Producing these compounds, the strain was able to outcompete several S. aureus strains, including MRSA and VISA, in tube cultures.
Periconceptional maternal diet quality and offspring wheeze trajectories: Japan Environment and Children's Study
Authors: Okubo Hitomi , Nakayama Shoji F. , Ohya Yukihiro ,   Japan Environment and Children's Study Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe role of prenatal diet on childhood wheezing and subsequent risk of asthma is inconclusive, which may be partly due to the heterogeneity in wheezing phenotypes. We aimed to identify wheeze trajectories in early childhood and to examine their associations with periconceptional maternal diet quality.MethodsData from 70,530 mother–child pairs of liveborn singletons from the Japan Environment and Children's Study were analysed. Wheezing was reported by caregivers using a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire yearly from 1 to 4 years of age, from which trajectories were derived using group‐based trajectory modelling. Maternal diet in the year preceding the first trimester of pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire; overall diet quality was determined using the balanced diet score based on the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top. Bayesian inference of multinomial logistic regression models was performed to examine the association between maternal diet quality and wheeze trajectory in early childhood.ResultsWe identified four wheeze trajectories: ‘never/infrequent’ (69.1%; reference group), ‘early‐childhood onset’ (6.2%), ‘transient early’ (16.5%) and ‘persistent’ (8.2%). After adjustment for confounders, a higher quartile of maternal balanced diet score was associated with a lower risk of belonging to the ‘transient early’ and ‘persistent’ wheeze trajectories compared with the ‘never/infrequent’ wheeze trajectory by 10% of both. Maternal balanced diet score was not associated with belonging to the ‘early‐childhood onset’ wheeze trajectory.ConclusionImproving maternal diet quality prior to conception may reduce certain wheeze phenotypes in early childhood.
Complete mesocolic excision for colon cancer: current status and controversies
Authors: Brown Kilian G. M. , Ng Kheng‐Seong , Solomon Michael J. , Chapuis Pierre H. , Koh Cherry E. , Ahmadi Nima , Austin Kirk K. S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAccording to Hohenberger's original description, complete mesocolic excision for colon cancer involves precise dissection of the avascular embryonic plane between the parietal retroperitoneum and visceral peritoneum of the mesocolon. This ensures mesocolic integrity, access to high ligation of the supplying vessels at their origin and an associated extended lymphadenectomy. Results from centres which have adopted this approach routinely have demonstrated that oncological outcomes can be improved by the rigorous implementation of established principles of cancer surgery. Meticulous anatomical dissection along embryonic planes is a well‐established principle of precision cancer surgery used routinely by the specialist colorectal surgeon. Therefore, the real question concerns the need for true central vascular ligation and associated extended (D3) lymphadenectomy or otherwise, particularly along the superior mesenteric vessels when performing a right colectomy. Whether this approach results in improved overall or disease‐free survival remains unclear and its role remains controversial particularly given the potential for significant morbidity associated with a more extensive central vascular dissection. Current literature is limited by considerable bias, as well as inconsistent and variable terminology, and the results of established randomized trials are awaited. As a result of the current state of equipoise, various national guidelines have disparate recommendations as to when complete mesocolic excision should be performed if at all. This article aims to review the rationale for and technical aspects of complete mesocolic excision, summarize available short and long term outcome data and address current controversies.
Partial heart transplantation: Growing heart valve implants for children
Authors: Rajab Taufiek Konrad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHeart valves serve a vital hemodynamic function to ensure unidirectional blood flow. Additionally, native heart valves serve biological functions such as growth and self‐repair. Heart valve implants mimic the hemodynamic function of native heart valves, but are unable to fulfill their biological functions. We developed partial heart transplantation to deliver heart valve implants that fulfill all functions of native heart valves. This is particularly advantageous for children, who require growing heart valve implants. This invited review outlines the past, present and future of partial heart transplantation.
Genetic backgrounds and diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Rogozik Joanna , Główczyńska Renata , Grabowski Marcin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLipid disorders play a critical role in the intricate development of atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences, such as coronary heart disease and stroke. These disorders are responsible for a significant number of deaths in many adult populations worldwide. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that causes extremely high levels of LDL cholesterol. The most common mutations occur in genes responsible for low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (APOB), or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). While genetic testing is a dependable method for diagnosing the disease, it may not detect primary mutations in 20%–40% of FH cases.
Volumetric changes and graft stability after lateral window sinus floor augmentation: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sedeqi Ahmad , Koticha Tapan , Al Sakka Yacoub , Felemban Mohammad , Garaicoa‐Pazmino Carlos , del Amo Fernando Suárez‐López 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe present investigation compared the stability and volumetric changes of two different grafting material used for lateral window sinus floor augmentation (LWSFA).MethodsSixteen patients with a total 20 maxillary sinuses in need of LWSFA were included in the present study. The sinuses were grafted with either 100% anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) alone (Group 1) or a mixture (0.8:1 ratio) of ABBM and mineralized cortical allograft (MCA) (Group 2). Cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) was obtained pre‐operatively, and at 2‐weeks, and 6‐months after LWSFA to perform linear measurements including lateral window dimensions, sinus anatomy, residual bone height/thickness (RBH/RBT), and Schneiderian membrane thickness (SMT), among others. Three‐dimensional segmentation analysis was used to evaluate changes of bone graft volume/height (GV/GH).ResultsA total of 10 sinuses per group were included in the analysis. No statistically significant difference was found in between groups regarding mean reduction of GV (Group 1: 14.87% ± 16.60%, Group 2: 18.06% ± 9.81%, p = 0.33). Among the linear measurements, only SMT revealed a significant increase after 2‐weeks more pronounce in Group 1 (8.70 mm) when compared with Group 2 (5.70 mm) with plausible effect upon LWSFA outcomes. Sinus width showed weak positive correlation with GH reduction after 6 months.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that both ABBM alone and ABBM + MCA represent suitable alternatives for LWSFA with adequate graft stability as they revealed similar volumetric and linear dimensional changes 6 months postoperatively.
Fine‐grained features characterize hippocampal and amygdaloid change pattern in Parkinson's disease and discriminate cognitive‐deficit subtype
Authors: Zhang Lingyu , Zhang Pengfei , Dong Qunxi , Zhao Ziyang , Zheng Weihao , Zhang Jing , Hu Xiping , Yao Zhijun , Hu Bin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsTo extract vertex‐wise features of the hippocampus and amygdala in Parkinson's disease (PD) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal cognition (NC) and further evaluate their discriminatory efficacy.MethodsHigh‐resolution 3D‐T1 data were collected from 68 PD‐MCI, 211 PD‐NC, and 100 matched healthy controls (HC). Surface geometric features were captured using surface conformal representation, and surfaces were registered to a common template using fluid registration. The statistical tests were performed to detect differences between groups. The disease‐discriminatory ability of features was also tested in the ensemble classifiers.ResultsThe amygdala, not the hippocampus, showed significant overall differences among the groups. Compared with PD‐NC, the right amygdala in MCI patients showed expansion (anterior cortical, anterior amygdaloid, and accessory basal areas) and atrophy (basolateral ventromedial area) subregions. There was notable atrophy in the right CA1 and hippocampal subiculum of PD‐MCI. The accuracy of classifiers with multivariate morphometry statistics as features exceeded 85%.ConclusionPD‐MCI is associated with multiscale morphological changes in the amygdala, as well as subtle atrophy in the hippocampus. These novel metrics demonstrated the potential to serve as biomarkers for PD‐MCI diagnosis. Overall, these findings from this study help understand the role of subcortical structures in the neuropathological mechanisms of PD cognitive impairment.
Evaluation of the knowledge level of pediatricians on dental trauma and their awareness of the ToothSOS mobile application: A cross sectional study
Authors: Sari Makbule Buse Dundar , Sari Eren , Bal Cenkhan , Aksoy Merve 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground/AimPediatricians play an essential role in managing pediatric oral emergencies; hence, they should have accurate information on dental injuries. This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of pediatricians regarding traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and their awareness of the ToothSOS mobile application.Materials and MethodsA survey comprising 10 questions was created on Google forms, and the links were sent to the participants via electronic mail and a mobile application. The demographic characteristics and the knowledge level of pediatricians about TDI and their awareness of the ToothSOS mobile application were evaluated. The questions were prepared by following similar studies and the current guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology.ResultsA total of 229 pediatricians (74.2% female) participated in this study. The correct answer rates revealed statistical differences in terms of profession and experience on the following issues: the most frequently traumatized tooth, the preference of the antibiotic agent, and the management of avulsed primary tooth (p < .05). The decision to consult a dentist revealed statistical differences in the profession (p = .001). The correct answers on the correlation between the age group and dental trauma accompanied by soft tissue injuries showed statistical differences in experience (p = .005). Although none of the participants knew the ToothSOS application, 91.7% of them preferred using this tool in future practices. This rate was statistically higher in participants with an experience of more than 10 years (p = .013).ConclusionsThe knowledge level of pediatricians regarding dental trauma was found to be sufficient, except for the questions on avulsion injuries. However, the fact that the participants were unaware of the ToothSOS mobile application was the most considerable result of the study, and this finding highlighted the importance of informing pediatricians dealing with oral injuries regarding the latest updates on dental traumatology.
Natural recovery of corals after severe disturbance
Authors: Morais Juliano , Tebbett Sterling B. , Morais Renato A. , Bellwood David R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEcosystem recovery from human‐induced disturbances, whether through natural processes or restoration, is occurring worldwide. Yet, recovery dynamics, and their implications for broader ecosystem management, remain unclear. We explored recovery dynamics using coral reefs as a case study. We tracked the fate of 809 individual coral recruits that settled after a severe bleaching event at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef. Recruited Acropora corals, first detected in 2020, grew to coral cover levels that were equivalent to global average coral cover within just 2 years. Furthermore, we found that just 11.5 Acropora recruits per square meter were sufficient to reach this cover within 2 years. However, wave exposure, growth form and colony density had a marked effect on recovery rates. Our results underscore the importance of considering natural recovery in management and restoration and highlight how lessons learnt from reef recovery can inform our understanding of recovery dynamics in high‐diversity climate‐disturbed ecosystems.
Mean temperature of the catch index can be masked by changes in catch composition unrelated to ocean warming
Authors: Alajmi Ali , Ben‐Hasan Abdulrahman , Alrushaid Tariq , Vahabnezhad Arezoo , Pauly Daniel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOceans are increasingly warming through climate change. Fish and invertebrate ectotherms respond to ocean warming through poleward and depth‐related migrations, a consequence of which is disruption of fisheries catch compositions. Mean temperature of the catch (MTC) is an index of change in catch composition, from colder to warmer water species. MTC is widely applied as an easily parameterised variable using readily available data (catch and species preferred temperature), but few studies underscore situations that might mask the “true” MTC trend. Here, we use fisheries catch in the Arabian‐Persian Gulf (“Gulf”) to highlight, for the first time, how abrupt changes in market demand can strongly influence catch composition and thereby mask a trend in MTC, and discuss the implications of the unmasked MTC trend to fisheries in the region. We found that a recent sharp decline in MTC from 27 to 26°C, despite a gradual increase in sea surface temperature, coincided with an escalated demand for the largehead hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus), a relatively cold‐water species in the Gulf, that caused catch to dramatically increase for export to overseas markets. Our findings suggest that the change in MTC reflected a fishery response to satisfy increased international market demand, rather than reflecting warming‐driven changes in catch composition. When excluding the effect of T. lepturus catch, the Gulf MTC trend was stable over time and consistent with a trend in many tropical and subtropical waters. Our findings highlight that an MTC change can be masked by factors unrelated to warming‐driven changes in catch composition, and that catch‐only MTC trends should be examined cautiously.
Seasonal and species variation in raffinose, short‐chain fructan, and long‐chain fructan accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grown in Central Kentucky
Authors: Kagan Isabelle A. , Davis Brittany E. , Schendel Rachel R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFructans in cool‐season grasses may have some negative effects on equine health. However, they may have positive effects on ruminant performance, and fructans of different lengths appear to be metabolized differently in the rumen. Hence, seasonal variation in fructan concentrations may impact equine and ruminant performance. Long‐chain fructan with degree of polymerization (DP) > 8, short‐chain fructan (DP 4 to 8), raffinose, and three fructan trisaccharides were profiled and quantified in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivar ‘Clair’ and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivar ‘Cajun II’ harvested in April, June, August, and October of two consecutive years in central Kentucky. Harvest year influenced concentrations of long‐chain fructan (p = .0017). Harvest date influenced species differences in raffinose (p = .0035), which was most abundant in timothy in June, and in 1‐kestose and neokestose (p < .0001), which were most abundant in tall fescue in April. Harvest date influenced species differences in short‐ and long‐chain fructan (p < .0001). Tall fescue had two‐ to three‐fold more short‐chain fructan than timothy in April, August, and October. Timothy had two‐ to five‐fold more long‐chain fructan than tall fescue in April, June, and October. Species choice and weather patterns may have contributed to relatively low concentrations of all the carbohydrates measured in this study. Fermentation or feeding studies could help to determine if the concentrations present could affect equine health or ruminant performance.
Noninvasive graft monitoring using donor‐derived cell‐free DNA in Japanese liver transplantation
Authors: Kanamori Hiroki , Yamada Yohei , Ito Yoko , Shirosaki Koji , Yamagishi Satoko , Maeda Yutaro , Kudo Yumi , Umeyama Tomoshige , Takahashi Nobuhiro , Kato Mototoshi , Hasegawa Yasushi , Matsubara Kentaro , Shinoda Masahiro , Obara Hideaki , Irie Rie , Tsujikawa Hanako , Okita Hajime , Nguyen Phuong Thanh , Saigo Kenichi , Mitsunaga Shigeki , Inoue Ituro , Kitagawa Yuko , Kuroda Tatsuo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the use of donor‐derived cell‐free DNA (dd‐cfDNA) in diagnosing graft injuries in Japanese liver transplantation (LTx), including family‐related living donors.MethodsA total of 321 samples from 10 newly operated LTx recipients were collected to monitor the early dynamics of dd‐cfDNA levels after LTx. Fifty‐five samples from 55 recipients were collected during protocol biopsies (PB), whereas 36 samples from 27 recipients were collected during event biopsies, consisting of 11 biopsy‐proven acute rejection (AR), 20 acute dysfunctions without rejection (ADWR), and 5 chronic rejections. The levels of dd‐cfDNA were quantified using a next‐generation sequencer based on single nucleotide polymorphisms.ResultsThe dd‐cfDNA levels were elevated significantly after LTx, followed by a rapid decline to the baseline in patients without graft injury within 30 days post‐LTx. The dd‐cfDNA levels were significantly higher in the 11 samples obtained during AR than those obtained during PB (p < 0.0001), which decreased promptly after treatment. The receiver operator characteristic curve analysis of diagnostic ability yielded areas under the curve of 0.975 and 0.897 for AR (rejection activity index [RAI] ≥3) versus PB and versus non‐AR (ADWR + PB). The dd‐cfDNA levels during AR were elevated earlier and correlated more strongly with the RAI (r = 0.740) than aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase. The dd‐cfDNA levels were neither associated with graft fibrosis based on histology nor the status of donor‐specific antibodies in PB samples.ConclusionsDonor‐derived cell‐free DNA serves as a sensitive biomarker for detecting graft injuries in LTx. Further large‐scale cohort studies are warranted to optimize its use in differentiating various post‐LTx etiologies.