bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of tele-prehabilitation on clinical and muscular recovery in patients awaiting knee replacement: protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Guida Stefania , Vitale Jacopo , Gianola Silvia , Castellini Greta , Swinnen Eva , Beckwée David , Gelfi Cecilia , Torretta Enrica , Mangiavini Laura 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe increasing prevalence of knee osteoarthritis and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) impose a significant socioeconomic burden in developed and developing countries. Prehabilitation (rehabilitation in the weeks immediately before surgery) may be crucial to prepare patients for surgery improving outcomes and reducing assistance costs. Moreover, considering the progress of telemedicine, candidates for TKA could potentially benefit from a tele-prehabilitation programme. We aim to evaluate the effects of a home-based tele-prehabilitation program for patients waiting for total knee replacement.Methods and analysisForty-eight male patients, aged 65–80, on a waiting list for TKA will be recruited and randomly assigned to the tele-prehabilitation intervention or control groups. Both groups will undergo the same 6-week exercise program (five sessions/week) and the same educational session (one per week). The tele-prehabilitation group will perform asynchronous sessions using a tablet, two accelerometers and a balance board (Khymeia, Padova, Italy), while the control group will use a booklet. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Questionnaire, at the end of the prehabilitation, will be the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes will include self-reported outcomes, performance tests and change in expressions of blood and muscle biomarkers. Ten healthy subjects, aged 18–30, will be also recruited for muscle and blood samples collection. They will not undergo any intervention and their data will be used as benchmarks for the intervention and control groups’ analyses.Ethics and disseminationThis randomised controlled trial will be conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (Milan, Italy. No. 50/INT/2022). The research results will be published in peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberNCT05668312.
Technologies for the diagnosis of angle closure glaucoma (ACE): protocol of a prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional diagnostic study
Authors: Azuara-Blanco Augusto , Lawrenson John G , King Anthony J , Foster Paul J , Virgili Gianni , Guiney Mary , Nolan Winnie , Jindal Anish , Sharma Meenakshi , O'Neill Ciaran , Cardwell Christopher R , Clarke Mike 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionAngle-closure is responsible for half of all glaucoma blindness globally. Patients with suspected glaucoma require assessment of the drainage angle by an experienced clinician. The goal of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance and cost-effectiveness of two non-contact tests, anterior segment OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) (AS-OCT) and limbal anterior chamber depth for patients referred to hospital with suspected angle closure compared with gonioscopy by ophthalmologist.Methods and analysisStudy design: prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study. Inclusion criteria: adults referred from community optometry to hospital with suspected angle closure. Primary outcome: Sensitivity and specificity. Secondary outcomes: Positive/negative likelihood ratios, concordance, cost-effectiveness, proportion of patients requiring subsequent clinical assessment by ophthalmologist. Sample size: 600 individuals who have been referred with suspected angle closure from primary care (community optometry). We will have a 95% probability of detecting the true sensitivity of either test to within ±3.5% based on a sensitivity of 90%. The study would also have a 95% probability of detecting the true specificity of either test to within ±5%, assuming a specificity of 75%.Ethics and disseminationEthical Review Board approval was obtained. REC reference: 22/LO/0885. Our findings will be disseminated to those involved in eye care services. We will have a knowledge exchange event at the end of the study, published via the Health Technology Assessment web page and in specialist journals. The results will be presented at professional conferences and directly to patients via patient group meetings and the Glaucoma UK charity.Trial registration numberISRCTN15115867.
How to predict the death risk after an in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in intensive care unit? A retrospective double-centre cohort study from a tertiary hospital in China
Authors: Zhang Youping , Rao Caijun , Ran Xiao , Hu Hongjie , Jing Liang , Peng Shu , Zhu Wei , Li Shusheng 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesOur objective is to develop a prediction tool to predict the death after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).DesignWe conducted a retrospective double-centre observational study of IHCA patients from January 2015 to December 2021. Data including prearrest diagnosis, clinical features of the IHCA and laboratory results after admission were collected and analysed. Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analyses to identify the risk factors for death. A nomogram was formulated and internally evaluated by the boot validation and the area under the curve (AUC). Performance of the nomogram was further accessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves for patients who survived the initial IHCA.SettingIntensive care unit, Tongji Hospital, China.ParticipantsAdult patients (≥18 years) with IHCA after admission. Pregnant women, patients with ‘do not resuscitation’ order and patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were excluded.InterventionsNone.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the death after IHCA.ResultsPatients (n=561) were divided into two groups: non-sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) group (n=241) and sustained ROSC group (n=320). Significant differences were found in sex (p=0.006), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) duration (p<0.001), total duration of CPR (p=0.014), rearrest (p<0.001) and length of stay (p=0.004) between two groups. Multivariate analysis identified that rearrest, duration of CPR and length of stay were independently associated with death. The nomogram including these three factors was well validated using boot calibration plot and exhibited excellent discriminative ability (AUC 0.88, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.93). The tertiles of patients in sustained ROSC group stratified by anticipated probability of death revealed significantly different survival rate (p<0.001).ConclusionsOur proposed nomogram based on these three factors is a simple, robust prediction model to accurately predict the death after IHCA.
Adherence to diabetic foot care recommendations and associated factors among people with diabetes in Eastern Ethiopia: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Sertsu Addisu , Nigussie Kabtamu , Lami Magarsa , Bekele Dechasa Deribe , Abdisa Lemesa , Eyeberu Addis , Dereje Jerman , Mohammed Aminu , Kassa Taffese Obsan , Bete Tilahun , Adugna Damte , Negash Abraham , Goshu Abel Tibebu , Debella Adera , Letta Shiferaw 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the level of adherence to foot care recommendations and associated factors among people with diabetes on follow-up in public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia.SettingAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in public hospitals found in Eastern Ethiopia from 25 February to 25 March 2022.ParticipantsA total of 419 patients with chronic diabetes who visited diabetic clinics in public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia for follow-up were included.Main outcome measureThe level of adherence to diabetic foot care recommendations and associated factors.ResultsThe findings indicated that 44.3% (95% CI: 39.3, 49.0) of people with diabetes had inadequate adherence to diabetic foot care recommendations. Age between 28–37 (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.10; 95% CI: 1.27, 5.63) and 38–47 years (AOR=2.19; 95% CI: 2.74, 8.89), rural residence (AOR=1.71; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.57), absence of comorbidity (AOR=2.22; 95% CI:1.34, 5.14), obesity (AOR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.10, 5.05) and inadequate foot care knowledge (AOR=2.10; 95% CI: 1.52, 4.35) were factors significantly associated with inadequate adherence to diabetic foot care recommendations.ConclusionMore than two-fifths of people with diabetes had inadequate adherence to diabetic foot care recommendations. Younger age, rural residence, absence of comorbidity, obesity and inadequate foot care knowledge were significantly associated with inadequate adherence to diabetic foot care recommendations. It is very essential to educate people with diabetes about the importance of foot care recommendations in preventing and delaying the risks of foot-related problems and complications.
Single-arm, phase II study of intra-arterial chemotherapy plus total neoadjuvant therapy to optimise complete response in distal rectal cancer: a study protocol
Authors: Huang Wenpeng , Huang Puda , Guo Houji , Huang Zanyi , Wei Mingwei , Guo Junyu , Lin Cheng , Li Yepeng , Luo Biao , Lin Jie , Wang Lixue 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionOrgan preservation is now considered an acceptable alternative option in distal rectal cancer patients with clinical complete response (cCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT). But the cCR rate is low and about one-third of tumour will regrow, which requires more effective local treatment. CRT combined with intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) might be a promising approach. Additionally, total neoadjuvant therapy using FOLFIRINOX induction chemotherapy improved survival while consolidation chemotherapy improved organ preservation. We assess whether IAC plus CRT and FOLFIRINOX consolidation chemotherapy can improve the chance of organ preservation and survival in distal rectal cancer.Methods and analysisThis prospective, monocentric, open-label, single-arm phase II study will include 32 patients with cT3-4NanyM0 distal rectal adenocarcinoma. All patients will receive one cycle of IAC (irinotecan, raltitrexed and oxaliplatin), followed by CRT (50 Gy/25 fractions with concomitant capecitabine) and then with six cycles of FOLFIRINOX (leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan). After final evaluation, patients with cCR will receive non-operative management or surgery at their own discretion and others are mandatorily referred to surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy with six cycles of mFOLFOX6 (leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin) will be used for patients with adverse pathological features. The primary endpoint is the rate of complete response (CR; pathological CR or sustained cCR≥2 years). The main secondary endpoints are toxicity, compliance, short-term and long-term oncological outcomes, surgical morbidity and quality of life. This protocol has been designed in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials 2013 guidelines.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Academic and Ethics Committee of The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities in March 2023. Trial results will be published in peer-reviewed international journals and on the ChiCTR website.Protocol versionRegistered on 18 April 2023; version #1.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300070620.
Demographic and socioeconomic disparities in receipt of ophthalmology consultation for facial trauma
Authors: Gervasio Kalla A , Camarena Joab , Hampton Jessica , Chopra Nitin , Kalosza Brittany , Shumate Lauren , Wu Albert Y 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveFunctional outcomes following facial and ocular trauma are time-sensitive and require prompt evaluation to minimise long-term vision loss, yet few studies have systematically evaluated disparities in the management of these cases. This study investigates whether a patient’s race/ethnicity, primary language, insurance status, gender or age affects receipt of ophthalmology consultation for facial trauma.Methods and analysisThis study was a retrospective cohort analysis of patients from the Elmhurst City Hospital Trauma Registry in Queens, New York who were seen for facial trauma including open globe injuries and orbital fractures between January 2014 and May 2016.ResultsOf the 264 patients included, 43% reported as Hispanic, 23% white, 11% Asian, 8% black and 15% other/unknown. After controlling for confounding variables by multivariable logistic regression, neither race/ethnicity, gender, nor primary language were significantly associated with the likelihood of receiving an ophthalmology consult. However, patients with private insurance had 2.57 times greater odds of receiving an ophthalmology consultation than those with Medicaid or state corrections insurance (95% CI 1.37 to 4.95). As age increased, the likelihood of receiving an ophthalmology consultation decreased (p=0.009); patients 60 years of age and older had one-third the odds of ophthalmology consultation as younger patients (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.68).ConclusionsThis study highlights that lack of ophthalmology consultation in patients with facial trauma is linked to age and underinsurance. Extra attention must be paid during primary assessments to ensure elderly patients and those with public insurance have equitable access to timely and appropriate care for facial trauma.
Short subcutaneous infusions for symptom control in palliative medicine
Authors: Howard Paul , Clawson Sandra , Curtin John 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate the efficacy and safety of short subcutaneous infusions (SSCIs) for refractory symptoms in the palliative setting.MethodsA retrospective chart review of SSCIs in a single palliative care centre over an 18-month period. All clinical notes, medication administration records and infusion monitoring documentation were examined to ascertain therapeutic aim, efficacy and tolerability.Results111 patients received one or more SSCIs, 28 in the community and 83 in the inpatient hospice (21% of all admissions). SSCIs were used for a wide variety of reasons including loading doses (to achieve steady state and, thus, symptom relief, sooner), as required doses (for medications too irritant to give as bolus SC injections) and regular maintenance doses (where continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSCI), were unnecessary). 84 single drug SSCIs types and 51 admixtures SSCIs types (2 or more medications) were given. One infusion was poorly absorbed, but SSCIs were otherwise well tolerated.ConclusionsSSCIs appear to be a promising additional option for administering medicines that are too irritant or large in volume for SC bolus injection. For medications with longer half-lives (eg, phenobarbital, valproate, levetiracetam), SSCI loading doses would be expected to achieve steady state and, thus, symptom relief, sooner than CSCIs alone.
Exclusive $$J/\Psi $$ plus jet associated production in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions
Authors: Gonçalves Victor P. , Klasen Michael , Moreira Bruno D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe study of exclusive processes in ultraperipheral collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has allowed us to test several aspects of the Standard Model and to search for New Physics. In this letter, we investigate the possibility of using these processes to improve our understanding of the quarkonium production mechanism through the study of the exclusive $$J/\Psi $$

J
/
Ψ

plus jet associate production in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions. We estimate the transverse-momentum and rapidity distributions considering that the $$\gamma \gamma \rightarrow J/\Psi + X$$

γ
γ
→
J
/
Ψ
+
X

$$(X = \gamma , \, g)$$

(
X
=
γ
,

g
)

subprocess is described by the Non-Relativistic QCD (NRQCD) formalism and present predictions for the rapidity ranges covered by central and forward detectors. The experimental separation of these events is discussed and the results indicate that a future experimental analysis is, in principle, feasible in future runs of the LHC and the Future Circular Collider (FCC).
Dipole instability in molecules irradiated by XUV pulses
Authors: Hughes D. , Dundas D. , Dinh P. M. , Vincendon M. , Reinhard P.-G. , Suraud E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe study the response of small covalent molecules to XUV laser pulses. The theoretical description relies on a real-time and real-space Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) approach at the level of the local density approximation complemented by an efficient self-interaction correction.
We observe the development of a dipole instability well after the laser pulse has died out. We find that this instability mechanism is robust with respect to ionic motion, to a wide variety of laser characteristics and to the inclusion of incoherent correlations at the level of a relaxation time ansatz. To rule out any potential numerical effects, we use two independent computational implementations of the TDDFT approach. A comparison of the various laser parameters together with the widely used model approach consisting in an instantaneous hole excitation shows the generic character of this instability in terms of the level depletion of a deep lying electron state. An experimental verification of the phenomenon is proposed in terms of a time-resolved measurement of the photoelectron spectrum.
Microenvironmental GABA Signaling Regulates Melanomagenesis through Reciprocal Melanoma–Keratinocyte Communication
Authors: Ceol Craig J. 
Published: October 2023

Summary:GABA signaling by melanoma cells was found by Tagore and colleagues to trigger keratinocyte-driven growth of melanomas. This study reveals new roles for nonneuronal signaling by a neurotransmitter in regulating tumor initiation and outgrowth.See related article by Tagore et al., p. 2270 (4).
Glycolysis Promotes Angiotensin II–Induced Aortic Remodeling Through Regulating Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via the Corepressor C-Terminal Binding Protein 1
Authors: Wang Litao , Guo Shuai , Cao Kaixiang , Li Ziling , Li Zou , Song Mingchuan , Wang Cailing , Chen Peiling , Cui Ying , Dai Xiaoyan , Feng Du , Fu Xiaodong , He Jun , Xu Yiming 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in aortic remodeling. Aerobic glycolysis and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) have, respectively, been suggested to contribute to endothelial dysfunction in many cardiovascular diseases. Here, we tested the hypothesis that glycolytic reprogramming is critical for EndoMT induction in aortic remodeling through an epigenetic mechanism mediated by a transcriptional corepressor CtBP1 (C-terminal binding protein 1), a sensor of glycolysis-derived NADH.

METHODS:

EndoMT program, aortic remodeling, and endothelial expression of the glycolytic activator PFKFB3 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase isoform 3) were evaluated in Ang (angiotensin) II–infused mice. Mice with endothelial-specific
Pfkfb3
deficiency or CtBP1 inactivation, immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay were employed to elucidate whether and how PFKFB3/CtBP1 epigenetically controls EndoMT.

RESULTS:

The EndoMT program and increased endothelial PFKFB3 expression were induced in remodeled thoracic aortas. In TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β)–treated human endothelial cells, activated SMAD2/3 (SMAD Family Member 2/3) transcriptionally upregulated PFKFB3 expression. In turn, the TGF-β/SMAD signaling and EndoMT were compromised by silencing or inhibition of PFKFB3. Mechanistic studies revealed that PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis increased NADH content and activated the NADH-sensitive CtBP1. Through interaction with the transcription repressor E2F4 (E2F Transcription Factor 4), CtBP1 enhanced E2F4-mediated transcriptional repression of SMURF2 (SMAD ubiquitin regulatory factor 2), a negative regulator of TGF-β/SMAD2 signaling. Additionally, EC-specific
Pfkfb3
deficiency or CtBP1 inactivation in mice led to attenuated Ang II–induced aortic remodeling.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results demonstrate a glycolysis-mediated positive feedback loop of the TGF-β signaling to induce EndoMT and indicate that therapeutically targeting endothelial PFKFB3 or CtBP1 activity could provide a basis for treating EndoMT-linked aortic remodeling.
Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Raises Male Blood Pressure via FTO-Mediated NOX2/ROS Signaling
Authors: Liu Bailin , Xia Liang , Li Yong , Jiang Siyi , Yu Wansu , Zhang Lubo , Shao Xuesi M. , Xu Zhice , Xiao Daliao 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Cigarette smoking/nicotine exposure in pregnancy shows an increased risk of hypertension in offspring, but the mechanisms are unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that m6A RNA hypomethylation epigenetically regulates vascular NOX (NADPH oxidase) and reactive oxygen species production, contributing to the fetal programming of a hypertensive phenotype in nicotine-exposed offspring.

METHODS:
Pregnant rats were exposed to episodic chronic intermittent nicotine aerosol (CINA) or saline aerosol control from gestational day 4 to day 21, and experiments were performed in 6-month–old adult offspring.

RESULTS:
Antenatal CINA exposure augmented Ang II (angiotensin II)–stimulated blood pressure response in male, but not female offspring. Moreover, CINA increased vascular NOX2 expression and superoxide production exclusively in male offspring. Inhibition of NOX2 with gp91ds-tat, both ex vivo and in vivo, mitigated the CINA-induced elevation in superoxide production and blood pressure response. Notably, CINA enhanced the expression of vascular m6A demethylase FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated protein), while reducing the total vascular m6A abundance and specific m6A methylation of the NOX2 gene. Additionally, ex vivo inhibition of FTO with FB23-2 attenuated CINA-induced increases in vascular NOX2 expression. In vitro experiments using human umbilical vein endothelial cells demonstrated that nicotine dose-dependently upregulated FTO and NOX2 protein abundance, which were reversed by treatment with the FTO inhibitor FB23-2 or FTO knockdown using siRNAs.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study uncovers a new mechanism: m6A demethylase FTO-mediated epigenetic upregulation of vascular NOX2 signaling in CINA-induced hypertensive phenotype. This insight could lead to a therapeutic target for preventing and treating developmental hypertension programming.