bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Offsetting Burnout Among Medical Cadets During Internship Year: The Role of Empowerment, Continuous Appraisal, Psychological and Career Counseling. An 18-Months Successful Experience in a Tertiary Medical Center.
Authors: Shoham Reut , Robinson Hanni , Yehiel Noy , Robinzon Vered , Frenkel Yael Nir , Segal Gad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background.
Following graduation from school of medicine, Israeli medical cadets complete a 12-months training period in hospitals. This year, their jump-start of career, has profound influence on their future contribution to our national workforce. The crisis in the healthcare system begins in this group of physicians, with burnout, sense of personal and professional uncertainty and disorientation resulting from the nature of their changing environment.
Methods.
In the largest Israeli tertiary hospital, we established an education authority, overseeing cadets as trainees rather workers. We offer them constructed, personalized psychological and counselling services with continuous process of appraisal. All is taking place in a designated unit within our education authority. During an 18-month period we followed their monthly feedbacks relating to their satisfaction, learning experience and level of socialization with their peers and superiors.
Results.
Statistically significant improvement of monitored parameters was evident, with interns stationed in the surgical departments (n = 86) showing the highest degree of improvement: the extent of acquiring new knowledge and competencies [Likert questionnaire results (1 to 5 LQR) went from 2.2 ± 1.0 to 3.3 ± 1.42 ; p < 0.005]; experience from the absorption process into the department [LQR from 2.6 ± 1.2 to 3.5 ± 1.56 ; p = 0.04], degree of motivation to recommend peers to apply for residency [LQR from 2.3 ± 1.0 to 3.1 ± 1.6 ; p = 0.05] and the experience of being accepted to the department by the staff nurses [LQR from 2.7 ± 1.3 to 3.5 ± 1.1 ; p = 0.03].
Conclusions.
An ongoing process of appraisal, empowerment, psychological and career counseling seems promising in the relenting effort to withhold the burnout process of young physicians. We suggest that a policy of constructing in-hospital education authorities will give rise to similar efforts that will take place in more hospitals and for other physicians' populations, e.g. residents and senior physicians.
Family With Sequence Similarity 83, Member A (FAM83A) inhibits ferroptosis via wnt/β-catenin pathway in Lung Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Lu Ming , Wang Cong , Zhang Jing , Wang Hongjiao , Chen Ruixue 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
FAM83A function in LUSC is largely unknown. We detected its prognosis and regulation role in LUSC.
Methods
The bioinformatics methods were performed initially to predict the expression level and prognostic value of FAM83A mRNA in LUSC. In vitro experiments, such as western blot, colony formation and cell viability assay, lipid ROS, MDA and GSH/GSSG and 4-HNE assay were used for the mechanism validation.
Results
Results from TCGA and Oncomine databases revealed that FAM83A mRNA expression level was significantly higher in LUSC than that in normal lung tissue. TCGA and GEO databases and our database revealed that FAM83A expression level was independent prognostic factor for both OS and PFS. Besides, FAM83A was significantly associated with higher ability of growth and clonogenicity. Mechanically, FAM83A could promote LUSC cell growth by inhibiting ferroptosis via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Rescue experiment demonstrated the inhibition of wnt/β-catenin pathway could counteract the function of FAM83A.
Conclusion
FAM83A was overexpressed in LUSC and it could serve as a prognosis prediction biomarker for LUSC. FAM83A promotes LUSC cell growth by inhibiting ferroptosis via activating wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which provides a new potential therapeutic target for LUSC treatment.
The C2 isthmus screw provided sufficient biomechanical stability in the setting of atlantoaxial dislocation
Authors: Lu Minming , Wang Zhenqiang , Yuan Bo , Tang Yifan , Gu Changjiang , Zhou Shengyuan , Chen XiongSheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background. The emerging of the C2 isthmus screw fixation technique is gaining popularity in the setting of atlantoaxial dislocation or other conditions requiring fixation of C2. However, the biomechanical stability of this fixation is poorly understood.
Purpose. To compare and elucidate the biomechanical stability of C2 pedicle screw (C2PS), C2 isthmus screw (C2IS) and C2 short isthmus screw (C2SIS) fixation techniques in atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD).
Method. A three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) from occiput to C3 was established and validated from a healthy male volunteer. Three FEMs, C1 pedicle screw (PS)-C2PS, C1PS-C2IS, C1PS-C2SIS were also constructed. The range of motion (ROM) and the maximum von Mises under flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation loading were analysed and compared. The pullout strength of the three fixations for C2 were also evaluated.
Result. C1PS-C2IS showed the greatest decrease in ROM with flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. C1PS-C2PS showed the least ROM reduction under all loading condition than both C2IS and C2SIS. The C1PS-C2PS model had the largest von Mises under all directions followed by C1PS-C2SIS, and lastly the C1PS-C2IS. Under axial rotation and lateral bending loading, the three models showed the largest and least von Mises stress respectively. The stress of the three models was mainly located in the connection of the screw and rod. Overall, the maximum pullout strength for C2PS, C2IS and C2SIS were 729.41N, 816.62N, 640.54N respectively.
Conclusion. In patients with atlantoaxial dislocations, the C2IS fixation provided comparable stability, with no significant stress concentrations. Furthermore, the C2IS had sufficient pullout strength when compared with C2PS and C2SIS. C2IS is an effective and safe fixation modality in the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocations.
Unraveling the Independent Role of METTL3 in m6A Modification and Tumor Progression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Pu , Wei Lingyu , Du Bin , Qin Kai , pei Zhen , Zheng Jinping , Wang Jia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
METTL3 and METTL14 are considered to faithfully form the m6A writing complex in a 1:1 ratio, regulating the fate of mRNA by adding m6A modifications. However, recent studies have shown inconsistent expression and prognostic value of METTL3 and METTL14 in some tumors, suggesting that they may not be faithful in tumors. Pan-cancer analysis based on TCGA data reveals significant differences in expression, function, tumor burden correlation, and immune correlation between METTL3 and METTL14, especially in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Knockdown of METTL3 significantly inhibits the cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo in ESCC EC109 cells, while the impact of METTL14 knockdown on proliferation is limited, and it cannot abolish the expression of METTL3 protein. mRNA-seq results indicate that METTL3 independently regulates the expression of 1615 genes, while only 776 genes are co-regulated by METTL3 and METTL14. Furthermore, through immunofluorescence co-localization, it is observed that METTL3 and METTL14 have certain inconsistencies in cellular localization. HPLC-MS results show that METTL3 independently binds to the Nop56p-associated pre-rRNA complex and mRNA splicing complex, separate from METTL14. Through bioinformatics and various omics studies, we have preliminarily discovered that METTL3 independently regulating tumor cell proliferation, and the participation in mRNA splicing may be a critical molecular mechanism. Our study provides an experimental basis and theoretical foundation for further understanding of the m6A writing complex and tumor therapy targeting METTL3.
Identification of genetic modifiers enhancing B7-H3-targeting CAR T cell therapy against glioblastoma through large-scale CRISPRi screening
Authors: Li Xing , Sun Shiyu , Zhang Wansong , Liang Ziwei , Fang Yitong , Sun Tianhu , Wan Yong , Ma Xingcong , Zhang Shuqun , Xu Yang , Tian Ruilin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Current treatment options are limited and often ineffective. CAR T cell therapy has shown success in treating hematologic malignancies, and there is growing interest in its potential application in solid tumors, including GBM. However, current CAR T therapy lacks clinical efficacy against GBM due to tumor-related resistance mechanisms and CAR T cell deficiencies. Therefore, there is a need to improve CAR T cell therapy efficacy in GBM.
Methods We conducted large-scale CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screens in GBM cell line U87 cells co-cultured with B7-H3 targeting CAR T cells to identify genetic modifiers that can enhance CAR T cell-mediated tumor killing. Flow cytometry-based tumor killing assay and CAR T cell activation assay were performed to validate screening hits. Bioinformatic analyses on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data and the TCGA database were employed to elucidate the mechanism underlying enhanced CAR T efficacy upon knocking down the selected screening hits in U87 cells.
Results We established B7-H3 as a targetable antigen for CAR T therapy in GBM. Through large-scale CRISPRi screening, we discovered genetic modifiers in GBM cells, including ARPC4, PI4KA, ATP6V1A, UBA1, and NDUFV1, that regulated the efficacy of CAR T cell-mediated tumor killing. Furthermore, we discovered that TNFSF15 was upregulated in both ARPC4 and NDUFV1 knockdown GBM cells and revealed an immunostimulatory role of TNFSF15 in modulating tumor-CAR T interaction to enhance CAR T cell efficacy.
Conclusions Our study highlights the power of CRISPR-based genetic screening in investigating tumor-CAR T interaction and identifies potential druggable targets in tumor cells that confer resistance to CAR T cell killing. Furthermore, we devised targeted strategies that synergize with CAR T therapy against GBM. These findings shed light on the development of novel combinatorial strategies for effective immunotherapy of GBM and other solid tumors.
mCodeGPT: Enhancing Cancer Research through Zero-Shot Information
Extraction from Clinical Free Text Data
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqian , Zhang Kai , Huang Tongtong , Malin Bradley , Osterman Travis , Long Qi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The rapidly growing collection of clinical free text data about cancer provides an unprecedented opportunity to harness rich, real-world insights for advancing cancer research and treatment. At the same time, there is a formidable challenge in efficiently extracting, standardizing, and structuring this vast and unstructured information to derive meaningful conclusions. In this paper, we address the problem of information extraction to standardize and structure such free text using Large Language Models (LLMs) following the minimal Common Oncology Data Elements (mCODE™) structure. We propose mCodeGPT, a state-of-the-art data standardization tool Cancer related clinical notes. mCodeGPT ingests Cancer ontology knowledge base, automatically generates prompts in a hierarchical manner to extract information within the ontology from the clinical notes, and outputs results in a structured, tabular format. The pipeline is completely zero-shot, meaning it is annotation-free and does not require model training. Our new tool simplifies the conventional labor-intensive process of data collection, annotating, model training, and fine-tuning. To overcome challenges inherent in common LLMs, such as token size limitations, hallucination, and suboptimal accuracy in information extraction, we have developed three distinct methodologies for hierarchical prompt engineering. We conducted rigorous evaluations of mCodeGPT's efficacy in the domain of Cancer clinical note generation and information extraction. Employing the GPT-3.5-turbo model, we generated a diverse set of 400 simulated clinical notes spanning various Cancer types. The effectiveness of our three proposed prompt generation methods was further assessed using both OpenAI models and a selection of open-source LLM models. The outcomes of our research underscore the proficiency of our pipeline, showcasing an impressive 96% accuracy in information extraction. We published mCodeGPT on GitHub for other researchers to use.
MRI and CT Imaging Characteristics in Parotid Tumors with False-Negative Fine-Needle Aspirations
Authors: Lee Hyun Jee , Lee Jong Hwan , Lee Min Kyeong , Kim Su Il , Lee Young Chan , Eun Young-Gyu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Backgrounds: Preoperative imaging, particularly with MRI and CT, plays a crucial role in distinguishing between benign and malignant parotid gland tumors, while the reliability of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in diagnosing these masses remains a topic of debate.
Methods: Retrospective study involving 347 patients who underwent both FNA and preoperative imaging. Various imaging parameters were analyzed and statistically evaluated.
Results: Irregular shape and invasion were significantly associated with malignancy, even in patients with benign or unsatisfactory FNA results. False-negative FNA diagnosis rate was 10.6%.
Conclusion: Radiological imaging focusing on specific features can aid in differentiating benign from malignant parotid tumors, especially when FNA results are inconclusive. This can guide treatment decisions and the need for additional procedures such as frozen biopsies.
Associations between sarcopenia and depression in middle-aged and older adults: The moderating effect of smoking
Authors: Zhu Feiyun , Guo Jing , Zheng Weijun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aims of this study were to estimate associations of sarcopenic status with depressive symptoms. We used mixed-effects linear model to estimate longitudinal association between sarcopenic status and rate of change in CES-D scores, and used Cox regression model to estimate the association between sarcopenic status and incident depression. Stratification analyses were performed when the interactions between sarcopenic status and covariates were significant. A total of 6522 participants were ultimately included. After adjusting for covariates, participants with possible sarcopenia (β = 0.117; 95% CI = 0.067 to 0.166; P < 0.001) and sarcopenia (β: 0.093;95% CI: 0.027–0.159; P < 0.001) had a faster increase in CES-D scores compared with normal individuals. Interactions between smoking and sarcopenic status were significant (P interaction < 0.05). We found significantly positive associations of sarcopenic status with CES-D scores in nonsmokers, but not in current and past smokers. Besides, compared with normal participants, those with possible sarcopenia (HR: 1.15; 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.27) and sarcopenia (HR: 1.28; 95% CI = 1.12 to 1.46) (P trend < 0.001) had elevated risks of incident depression. Sarcopenia is associated with a faster increase in CES-D scores and increased risks of depression among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Stronger associations between sarcopenia and trajectory of CES-D scores were found in nonsmokers than in smokers.
Exploring prognostic survival factors in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer receiving PD-1 inhibitors
Authors: Ma Yue , Chen Shiyun , Dai Guanghai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Antitumor therapy has now entered the era of immunotherapy represented by programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, but predicting the prognosis of immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer (PC) remains challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing the prognosis of PC patients who had received PD-1 inhibitor therapy. This study was a single-center, retrospective, observational study that was approved by the Ethics Committee of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army (Approval number S2021-228-03). We reviewed the medical records of patients with advanced PC treated with PD-1 inhibitors in the Department of Oncology of the PLA General Hospital between September 2015 and September 2022. Data from 126 patients were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional risk model analysis. p<0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. The median overall survival (mOS) and median progression-free survival (mPFS) of 126 patients with advanced PC treated with PD-1 inhibitors were 12.1 months and 4.6 months, respectively. Independent predictors of significantly prolonged patient mOS were history of surgery (44.2 months vs. 10 months, p=0.022), absence of liver metastases (44.2 months vs. 6.4 months, p=0.034), and baseline CA19 -9 level ≤216.15 U/ml (18.5 months vs. 9.2 months, p=0.049). Independent predictors that significantly prolonged patients' mPFS were histologically intermediate/highly differentiated (5.5 vs. 3.2 months, p=0.022) and the use of PD-1 inhibitors at first-line treatment (5.1 vs. 1.5 months, p=0.001). Subgroup analyses found that low histologic differentiation was associated with earlier disease progression, and no history of surgery was associated with earlier patient death. This study suggests that history of surgery, absence of liver metastases, baseline CA19-9 level, and histologic intermediate/high differentiation can be used as a composite predictor of the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. However, further prospective clinical trials are needed for validation.
Nanoarchitectonics of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. Seed Derived Zinc Chloride Activated Carbon as Negatrode Material for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Bhattarai Deval Prasad , Shrestha Khem Raj , Homagai Puspa Lal , Shrestha Timila , Mishra Pawan Kumar , Oli Hari Bhakta , Awasthi Ganesh Prasad , Yu Changho , Shrestha Ram Lal (Swagat) 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The storage of green and renewable forms of energy from clean sources has gained considerable attention in the academic as well as industrial arena in the context of ongoing terrible global climatic change. Commonly used carbon nanomaterials are inadequate to address the demand for high-performance energy storage devices due to their high cost, processing difficulties and chances of toxicity. Consequently, facile bio-mass-derived activated carbon is getting more attention due to its high carbon content, more abundant in nature and easiness of processing with minimum toxicity. Here, in this study, we introduced a simple, sustainable approach for the synthesis of ZnCl2 activated hierarchical 3D network mesoporous/microporous Zanthoxylum armatum DC. carbon materials from its precarbonized seed powder at 600, 800 and 1000 °C, respectively. Physicochemical characterization of as-prepared materials was assessed by well-known standard techniques, and energy storage ability was studied in a three-electrode configuration. The electrochemical performance of different sample of zinc chloride activated carbon (ZAC-1000, ZAC-800 and ZAC-600) were compared. ZAC-1000 electrode exhibited the best gravimetric capacitance of 133 F g-1 in 1 A g-1 with 97.9 % cyclic stability at 10,000 cycles and ~50% rate capability. Based on the findings, highly efficient negative electrode (Negatrode) materials for supercapacitor applications synthesized from the bio-waste seed of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. could be useful for commercial applications.
Colostrum avoidance and its associated factors among mothers of children under the age of six months in Sekota Zuria Woreda, Waghimra Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Fitsum Zekarias , Desalegn Mulugeta , Dagnaw Abinet , Mohammed Sadat , Mulugeta Besufekad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Colostrum avoidance deprives infants of the essential nutrients and immune protection provided by colostrum, making them more susceptible to deadly infections such as sepsis, pneumonia, and diarrhea. Ethiopia has one of the regional even not so the global highest overall BF rate (95.5%). However, it falls short of meeting the standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) for optimal breastfeeding.
Objective
This study aimed to assess colostrum avoidance and its associated factors among mothers of children under the age of six months in the Sekota Zuria Woreda of Waghimra Zone, Ethiopia, 2022.
Method and materials:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between June 26th and July 30th of 2022 in the Sekota Zuria Woreda of Waghimra Zone, Ethiopia. The study included four hundred twenty-one mothers of children under the age of six months, selected using a multistage sampling technique. Once written consent was obtained from all of the participants, a pretested and reliability-checked questionnaire was employed to interview and gather data for analysis. During analysis, descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were employed to summarize and explore the statistical association between the dependent and explanatory variables. In the bivariate logistic regression analysis, variables with a P-value of < 0.25 were exported to the multivariate logistic regression model for further analysis. Finally, using a P-value of < 0.05 as an indicator of statistical significance, the Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) at 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) was calculated.
Result
In this study, 19.0% (95% CI: (15.0–22.8)) of mothers avoided colostrum. In addition, mothers who did not receive Antenatal Care (ANC) [AOR = 2.94, (95% CI: 1.1–7.8)], gave birth at home [AOR = 4.64, (95% CI: 2.0-10.75)], lacked participation in the Women’s Health Developmental Army (WHDA) [AOR = 4.71, (95% CI: 1.95–11.4)], gave pre-lacteal feds [AOR = 2.97, (95% CI: 1.23–7.1)], had insufficient knowledge [AOR = 3.02, (95% CI: 1.2–7.6)], and negative attitude toward colostrum feeding [AOR = 6.5, (95% CI: 3.0-14.2)] were more likely to avoid colostrum.
Conclusion
Contrary to the WHO and UNICEF recommendations, in Sekota Zuria Woreda, a substantial number of mothers avoided colostrum.
Association of impacted maxillary canines with root resorption of adjacent teeth. A Radiographic Retrospective Study
Authors: Alshawy Ebrahim , Alharbi Waleed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The study aims to record the grade of resorption in maxillary teeth in patients with impacted maxillary canines.
Methods
We collected a number of 4500 panoramic radiographs from the Radiographic Department at the dental clinics of the College of Dentistry, Qassim University. Patients ≥ 12 years old with good-quality panoramic radiographs were included. The root resorption severity was categorized into 4 groups (no, mild, moderate, and severe resorptions). The location of the impacted maxillary canine was divided into 5 sectors. Chi-squared test was used to identify any significant differences between genders. The Kappa test was used to assess the Intra-rater reliability for the severity of root resorption. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results
A number of 19 impacted maxillary canines caused mild to severe resorption of the lateral incisors (n = 17, 89.5%) and central incisors (n = 2, 10.5%). The prevalence of root resorption of adjacent teeth was 17.3%. There were 12 males (66.7%) and 6 females (33.3%) affected with root resorption, with a significant difference detected (p = 0.01) between the two genders. Most of the root resorption occurred with impacted canines in sectors 1 and 2 (79%).
Conclusion
Impaction of maxillary canines occurred more in males than females. The root resorption occurred more frequently in male compared to female patients with highly significant differences. The most affected teeth were lateral incisors (89.5%).