bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review on cellular responses of Escherichia coli to nonthermal electromagnetic irradiation
Authors: Askaripour Khadijeh , Żak Arkadiusz 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInvestigation of Escherichia coli under electromagnetic fields is of significance in human studies owing to its short doubling time and human‐like DNA mechanisms. The present review aims to systematically evaluate the literature to conclude causality between 0 and 300 GHz electromagnetic fields and biological effects in E. coli. To that end, the OHAT methodology and risk of bias tool were employed. Exponentially growing cells exposed for over 30 min at temperatures up to with fluctuations below were included from the Web‐of‐Knowledge, PubMed, or EMF‐Portal databases. Out of 904 records identified, 25 articles satisfied the selection criteria, with four excluded during internal validation. These articles examined cell growth (11 studies), morphology (three studies), and gene regulation (11 studies). Most experiments (85%) in the included studies focused on the extremely low‐frequency (ELF) range, with 60% specifically at 50 Hz. Changes in growth rate were observed in 74% of ELF experiments and 71% of radio frequency (RF) experiments. Additionally, 80% of ELF experiments showed morphology changes, while gene expression changes were seen in 33% (ELF) and 50% (RF) experiments. Due to the limited number of studies, especially in the intermediate frequency and RF ranges, establishing correlations between EMF exposure and biological effects on E. coli is not possible.
Partial IGF‐1 deficiency induces brain oxidative damage and edema, which are ameliorated by replacement therapy
Authors: Puche Juan E. , Muñoz Úrsula , García‐Magariño Mariano , Sádaba María C. , Castilla‐Cortázar Inma 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInsulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) induces multiple cytoprotective effects on every tissue, including the brain. Since the mechanisms by which IGF‐1 produces neuroprotection are not fully understood, the aim of this work was to delve into the underlying mechanisms. IGF‐1 deficient mice (Hz) were compared with wild type (WT) and Hz mice treated with low doses of IGF‐1 (2 µg/100 g body weight/day) for 10 days (Hz + IGF). Gene expression, quantitative PCR, histology, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in the three groups. IGF‐1 deficiency induced increased oxidative damage determined by markers of lipid peroxidation and hypoxia, as well as gene expression of heat shock proteins, antioxidant enzymes, and molecules involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial protection. These changes correlated with edema and learning impairment in Hz mice. IGF‐1 therapy improved all these alterations. In conclusion, IGF‐1 deficiency is responsible for increased brain oxidative damage, edema, and impaired learning and memory capabilities which are rescued by IGF‐1 replacement therapy. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(1):60–79, 2016
Quantification of age‐related changes of α‐tocopherol in lysosomal membranes in murine tissues and human fibroblasts
Authors: König Jeannette , Besoke Fabian , Stuetz Wolfgang , Malarski Angelika , Jahreis Gerhard , Grune Tilman , Höhn Annika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConsidering the biological function of α‐tocopherol (α‐Toc) as a potent protective factor against oxidative stress, this antioxidant is in the focus of aging research. To understand the role of α‐Toc during aging we investigated α‐Toc concentrations in young and aged primary human fibroblasts after supplementation with RRR‐α‐Toc. Additionally, α‐Toc contents were determined in brain, kidney, and liver tissue of 10 week‐, 18 month‐, and 24 month‐old mice, which were fed a standard diet containing 100 mg/kg dl‐α‐tocopheryl acetate. α‐Toc concentrations in isolated lysosomes and the expression of the α‐Toc transport proteins Niemann Pick C1 (NPC1), Niemann Pick C2 (NPC2), and lipoprotein lipase were also analyzed. Obtained data show a significant age‐related increase of α‐Toc in murine liver, kidney, and brain tissue as well as in human dermal fibroblasts. Also liver and kidney lysosomes are marked by elevated α‐Toc contents with aging. NPC1 and NPC2 protein amounts are significantly decreased in adult and aged murine kidney tissue. Also aged human dermal fibroblasts show decreased NPC1 amounts. Supplementation of young and aged fibroblasts led also to decreased NPC1 amounts, suggesting a direct role of this protein in α‐Toc distribution. Our results indicate an age‐dependent increase of α‐Toc in different murine tissues as well as in human fibroblasts. Furthermore saturation and intracellular distribution of α‐Toc seem to be strongly dependent on the availability of this vitamin as well as on the presence of the lysosomal protein NPC1. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(3):307–315, 2016
Neuroprotective effects of vitamin D in an Alzheimer's disease rat model: Improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction via calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase 2 activation of Sirtuin1 phosphorylation
Authors: Mohanad Marwa , Mohamed Shimaa K. , Aboulhoda Basma E. , Ahmed Maha A. E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. To assess the impact of vitamin D3 (Vit.D) on neurogenesis, we investigated its role in mitigating cognitive impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction through calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2)‐mediated phosphorylation of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in an aluminum‐chloride‐D‐galactose (AlCl3‐D‐gal)‐induced AD rat model. Rats were distributed into four groups: control, AlCl3 + D‐gal (10 + 60 mg/kg, ip), Vit.D (500 IU/kg, po), and AlCl3 + D‐gal+Vit.D. Novel object recognition (NOR), Morris Water Maze, and passive avoidance (PA) tests were used to measure memory abilities. The hippocampal tissue was used to assess vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) and peroxisome‐proliferator‐activated‐receptor‐γ‐coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α) expression by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), CAMKK2, p‐SIRT1, phosphorylated‐AMP‐activated protein kinase (p‐AMPK), dynamin‐related‐protein‐1 (Drp1), and mitofusin‐1 (Mnf1) proteins by western blot and Ca2+ levels, endothelial nitic oxide synthase (eNOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), amyloid beta (Aβ), and phospho tau (p‐Tau) via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in addition to histological and ultrastructural examination of rat's brain tissue. Vit.D‐attenuated hippocampal injury reversed the cognitive decline and Aβ aggregation, and elevated p‐Tau levels in the AlCl3 + D‐gal‐induced AD rat model. In AlCl3 + D‐gal‐exposed rats, Vit.D induced VDR expression, normalized Ca2+ levels, elevated CAMKK2, p‐AMPK, p‐SIRT1, and PGC‐1α expression. Vit.D reduced Drp1, induced Mnf1, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, preserved mitochondrial structure, restored normal mitochondrial function, and retained normal eNOS level and SOD activity in AlCl3 + D‐gal rats. In conclusion, our findings proved that Vit.D may ameliorate cognitive deficits in AlCl3 + D‐gal‐induced AD by restoring normal mitochondrial function and reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress via CAMKK2‐AMPK/SIRT1 pathway upregulation.
3D Printing in Libraries: A View from Within the American Library Association: Privacy, Intellectual Freedom and Ethical Policy Framework
Authors: Jones Barbara M. 
Published: October 2023

EDITOR'S SUMMARYTwo fundamental purposes of libraries are to provide access to information and enable freedom of expression. Digital technologies have spurred the American Library Association to examine patron use of 3D printing technology in light of intellectual freedom policy. Libraries are strongly encouraged to proactively formulate and implement acceptable use policies regarding their 3D printers. The policy statement should address the library's mission to nurture creative expression; express policies in a straightforward, positive tone without repeating existing laws; outline the process for creating, submitting and retrieving a work; and define terminology. The ALA's own policy and advocacy documents support statements on the ethics of access for all, intellectual freedom regarding content, avoidance of anything illegal, patron privacy, and libraries as public forums promoting user interaction with information where any restrictions are content neutral.
Methods used to achieve different levels of the neuronal differentiation process in SH‐SY5Y and Neuro2a cell lines: An integrative review
Authors: dos Santos Mônica G. , Gomes José R. , Costa Michele D. M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo study the process of neuronal differentiation, the human neuroblastoma (SH‐SY5Y) and the murine neuroblastoma (Neuro2a) cell lines have proven to be effective models. For this approach, different protocols involving known neurotrophic factors and other molecules, such as retinoic acid (RA), have been assessed to better understand the neuronal differentiation process. Thus, the goal of this manuscript was to provide a brief overview of recent studies that have used protocols to promote neurodifferentiation in SH‐SY5Y and Neuro2a cell lines and used acquired morphology and neuronal markers to validate whether differentiation was effective. The published results supply some guidance regarding the relationship between RA and neurotrophins for SH‐SY5Y, as well a serum concentrations for both cell lines. Furthermore, they demonstrate the potential application of Neuro2a, which is critical for future research on neuronal differentiation.
Transient aphonia following spinal anesthesia during emergency cesarean section: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Adhikari Gauri , Ghimire Suson , Adhikari Gopal , Aryal Krishnaraj , Kandel Narayan 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageSubarachnoid block with local anesthetic agents is a well‐established anesthesia technique among pregnant females for labor analgesia and cesarian delivery. Although it is considered a reliable and safe technique for both mothers and fetuses, unexpected high or low levels of block may occur due to accidental injection of these agents into different meningeal spaces other than intended. Hypotension, bradycardia, headache, and failed anesthesia are common complications of spinal anesthesia. Though rare, neurological complications like aphonia, dysphagia, and tingling sensation have also been reported. The article reports a case of a 22‐year‐old primigravida who sustained transient aphonia following intrathecal administration of bupivacaine for an emergency cesarian section for meconium‐stained liquor with fetal distress. There were no other neurological manifestations or features suggestive of high spinal block. The sensory level of the block was fixed to T6 with hemodynamic stability throughout aphasia with an episode of hypotension preceding aphonia. Aphonia commenced 9 min after the spinal anesthesia continued for a total duration of 15 min. Neurological examination, relevant investigations, and consultations were done to make a diagnosis. Thus, it is important to be aware of the possible neurological complications associated with spinal anesthesia.
Real‐time microbial growth monitoring by combining microbial fuel cell‐based device with modified Nernst equation
Authors: Shen Siyang , Lin Yen‐Han , Liu Chenguang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate a novel design that integrates a modified Nernst equation and readings from a microbial fuel cell (MFC)‐based device, facilitating real‐time monitoring of microbial growth. The MFC‐based device is comprised of an H‐shaped double‐chamber MFC, specifically designed to incorporate an oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) sensor, allowing for simultaneous measurements of both parameters. The Nernst equation was adjusted to assimilate readings from both the ORP sensor and the MFC device, ultimately deriving a unitless curve that represents the online dynamics of microbial growth. This curve exhibits two distinct peaks: the first peak indicates the initiation of the exponential phase, while the second peak signals its termination. The proposed design can be seamlessly integrated into fermentation processes to continually monitor progress, boost productivity, develop tailored control strategies that meet specific objectives, and so on.
The Influence of Large Pendent Groups on Chain Anisotropy and Electrical Energy Loss of Polyimides at High Frequency through All‐Atomic Molecular Simulation
Authors: Lin Tzu‐Jen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolyimide is a potential material for high‐performance printed circuit boards because of its chemical stability and excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Flexible printed circuit boards must have a low static dielectric constant and dielectric loss to reduce signal loss in high‐speed communication devices. Engineering the molecular structure of polyimides with large pendant groups is a strategy to reduce their dielectric constant. However, there is no systematic study on how the large pendant groups influence electrical energy loss. We integrated all‐atomic molecular dynamics and semi‐empirical quantum mechanical calculations to examine the influence of pendant groups on polymer chain anisotropy and electrical energy loss at high frequencies. We analyzed the radius of gyration, relative shape anisotropy, dipole moment, and degree of polarization of the selected polyimides (TPAHF, TmBPHF, TpBPHF, MPDA, TriPMPDA, m‐PDA, and m‐TFPDA). The simulation results show that anisotropy perpendicular to chain direction and local chain rigidity correlate to electrical energy loss rather than dipole moment magnitudes. Polyimides with anisotropic pendant groups and significant local chain rigidity reduce electrical energy loss. The degree of polarization correlated well with the dielectric loss with a moderate computational cost, and difficulties in directly calculating the dielectric loss were circumvented.
Interaction of planting system with radiation‐use efficiency in wheat lines
Authors: Moroyoqui‐Parra Marcela A. , Molero Gemma , Reynolds Matthew P. , Gaju Oorbessy , Murchie Erik H. , Foulkes Michael John 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRadiation‐use efficiency (RUE) is an important trait for raising biomass and yield potential in plant breeding. However, the effect of the planting system (PS) on genetic variation in RUE has not been previously investigated. Our objectives were to quantify genetic variation in RUE, biomass and grain yield in raised‐bed and flat‐basin planting systems, and associations with canopy‐architecture traits (flag‐leaf angle and curvature). Twelve spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were evaluated under irrigated conditions for 3 years in North West Mexico using raised‐bed and flat‐basin planting systems. Canopy architecture traits were measured at booting and anthesis + 7 days. Grain yield (10.6%), biomass (7.6%), and pre‐grain‐filling RUE (9.7%) were higher in raised beds than flat basins, while a significant planting system × genotype interaction was found for grain yield. Genetic variation in pre‐grain‐filling RUE was associated with biomass and grain yield in beds and basins. In flat basins, higher pre‐grain‐filling RUE was correlated with a more upright flag‐leaf angle but not in raised beds. In raised beds, cultivars with less upright flag‐leaf angle had greater fractional light interception pre‐anthesis. Taller semi‐dwarf cultivars intercepted relatively more radiation in the beds than the flats before anthesis, consistent with the taller cultivars showing relatively greater increases in yield in beds compared to flats. Our results indicated that the evaluation of genotypes for RUE and biomass in wheat breeding should take into account planting systems to capture genotype × PS effects. In addition, the results demonstrate how flag‐leaf angle has a different effect depending on the planting system.
Epithelial–immune cell interactions in allergic diseases
Authors: Albrecht Melanie , Garn Holger , Buhl Timo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEpithelial/immune interactions are characterized by the different properties of the various epithelial tissues, the mediators involved, and the varying immune cells that initiate, sustain, or abrogate allergic diseases on the surface. The intestinal mucosa, respiratory mucosa, and regular skin feature structural differences according to their primary function and surroundings. In the context of these specialized functions, the active role of the epithelium in shaping immune responses is increasingly recognizable. Crosstalk between epithelial and immune cells plays an important role in maintaining homeostatic conditions. While cells of the myeloid cell lineage, mainly macrophages, are the dominating immune cell population in the skin and the respiratory tract, lymphocytes comprise most intraepithelial immune cells in the intestine under healthy conditions. Common to all surface epithelia is the fact that innate immune cells represent the first line of immunosurveillance that either directly defeats invading pathogens or initiates and coordinates more effective successive immune responses involving adaptive immune cells and effector cells. Pharmacological approaches for the treatment of allergic and chronic inflammatory diseases involving epithelial barriers target immunological mediators downstream of the epithelium (such as IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, and IgE). The next generation of therapeutics involves upstream events of the inflammatory cascade, such as epithelial‐derived alarmins and related mediators.
Clinical outcomes of oral epithelial dysplasia managed by observation versus excision
Authors: Bernard Christopher , Zhang Jasper Zhongyuan , Klieb Hagen , Blanas Nick , Xu Wei , Magalhaes Marco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImportanceOral potentially malignant disorders, including oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), are a group of conditions with an increased risk of progression to oral cancer. Clinical management of OED is challenging and usually involves monitoring with repeated incisional biopsies or complete surgical excision.ObjectiveTo determine if complete surgical excision of OED impacts malignant transformation or improves survival outcomes in lesions that progress to malignancy.DesignA retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with OED between 2009 and 2016 was completed, and patients were followed until January 2022 for disease course and outcomes.ResultsHundred and fifty‐five cases of OED met the inclusion criteria. Among the 61 lesions managed by observation, 15 progressed to cancer. Among the 94 lesions managed by surgical excision, 27 progressed to cancer. The overall malignant transformation rate was 27%, with an annual rate of 6.4%. Surgical excision with or without histologically negative margins did not decrease malignant transformation but was associated with lower oncologic staging at the time of diagnosis and improved survival.Conclusions and relevanceSurgical excision of OED with or without negative margins did not reduce the rate of transformation to oral cancer but resulted in lower oncologic staging at diagnosis, leading to improved patient outcomes. Our results support the implementation of more extensive tissue sampling to improve cancer diagnosis and patient outcomes.
FIGO good practice recommendations for preterm labor and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes: Prep‐for‐Labor triage to minimize risks and maximize favorable outcomes
Authors: Ubom Akaninyene Eseme , Vatish Manu , Barnea Eytan R. ,   the FIGO Childbirth and Postpartum Hemorrhage Committee
Published: October 2023

AbstractPreterm labor occurs in around 10% of pregnancies worldwide. Once diagnosed, significant efforts must be made to reduce the likelihood of morbidity and mortality associated with preterm birth. In high‐resource settings, access to hospitals with a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is readily available, whereas access to NICU care is limited in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) and many rural settings. Use of FIGO's Prep‐for‐Labor triage method rapidly identifies low‐ and high‐risk patients with preterm labor to enable clinicians to decide whether the patient can be managed on site or if transfer to a level II–IV facility is needed. The management steps described in this paper aim to minimize the morbidity and mortality associated with preterm labor and in the setting of preterm labor with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). The methods for accurate diagnosis of PPROM and chorioamnionitis are described. When the risk of preterm birth is high, antenatal corticosteroids should be administered for lung maturation combined with limited tocolysis for 48 hours to permit the corticosteroid course to be completed. Magnesium sulfate is also administered for fetal neuroprotection. Implementation of FIGO's Prep‐for‐Labor triage method in an LMIC setting will help improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
A unique case of Schistosoma‐related ureteral stricture: Diagnosis and surgical reconstruction
Authors: Seaman Jonathan A , Bracamonte Erika , Kim Sunchin 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundChronic infection with Schistosoma haematobium can lead to pathology of the upper and lower urinary tracts. While well known as a cause of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder, relatively little research exists on ureteral involvement. Here, we present a unique case of bilateral ureteral obstruction from schistosomiasis with concomitant ureteral stone disease.Case presentationA 43‐year‐old male Somalian immigrant was diagnosed with a right proximal ureteral stone and bilateral multifocal ureteral narrowing causing obstruction with preserved renal function. He underwent a staged repair with right robotic pyelolithotomy and non‐transecting ureteroureterostomy, followed by left robotic ureteroureterostomy with stricture excision. Pathology revealed Schistosoma ova.ConclusionUreteral stricture from schistosomiasis represents a rare diagnosis for urologists in non‐endemic countries. Bilateral ureteral narrowing and concomitant ureteral stone burden presented both diagnostic and reconstructive challenges, requiring a staged repair. Minimally invasive reconstruction was achieved using robotic assistance with good functional outcome.
Usefulness of the Hypo‐Osmotic Swelling Test in Predicting Pregnancy Rate and Outcome in Couples Undergoing Intrauterine Insemination
Authors: TARTAGNI MASSIMO , SCHONAUER MATTEO MARIA , CICINELLI ETTORE , SELMAN HELMY , de ZIEGLER DOMINIQUE , PETRUZZELLI FILOMENA , D'ADDARIO VINCENZO 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThis study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of the hypo‐osmotic swelling (HOS) test in predicting successful conception and the pregnancy outcome in couples in whom men are affected by mild infertility and fertile women are treated with ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination (IUI). We retrospectively analyzed the results obtained from 120 couples who underwent not more than 3 consecutive cycles of gonadotropin‐induced mono‐ovulation followed by IUI. Semen was analyzed by classical parameters, and the HOS test was performed using a hypo‐osmotic solution. Using HOS, at least 50% swollen spermatozoa was considered normal. The pregnancy rate obtained in couples with an HOS less than 50% was significantly lower (P > .05) than that achieved in couples with HOS values at least 50%. Furthermore, the miscarriage rate was higher when HOS was less than 50%. For prediction of successful pregnancy, the sensitivity and specificity of the HOS test was 64% and 75%, respectively; the predictive value of an abnormal test was 94%, and that of a normal test was 24%. The HOS test may detect subtle damage in spermatozoan structure, which is responsible for the reduced capacity of spermatozoa to induce a viable embryo, with a low rate of pregnancy and a high rate of miscarriage. The results suggest that the HOS test may help in recognizing men who have a poor chance of fertilizing their partners and to have viable pregnancies using IUI.