bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A centromere map based on super pan‐genome highlights the structure and function of rice centromeres
Authors: Lv Yang , Liu Congcong , Li Xiaoxia , Wang Yueying , He Huiying , He Wenchuang , Chen Wu , Yang Longbo , Dai Xiaofan , Cao Xinglan , Yu Xiaoman , Liu Jiajia , Zhang Bin , Wei Hua , Zhang Hong , Qian Hongge , Shi Chuanlin , Leng Yue , Liu Xiangpei , Guo Mingliang , Wang Xianmeng , Zhang Zhipeng , Wang Tianyi , Zhang Bintao , Xu Qiang , Cui Yan , Zhang Qianqian , Yuan Qiaoling , Jahan Noushin , Ma Jie , Zheng Xiaoming , Zhou Yongfeng , Qian Qian , Guo Longbiao , Shang Lianguang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRice (Oryza sativa) is a significant crop worldwide with a genome shaped by various evolutionary factors. Rice centromeres are crucial for chromosome segregation, and contain some unreported genes. Due to the diverse and complex centromere region, a comprehensive understanding of rice centromere structure and function at the population level is needed. We constructed a high‐quality centromere map based on the rice super pan‐genome consisting of a 251‐accession panel comprising both cultivated and wild species of Asian and African rice. We showed that rice centromeres have diverse satellite repeat CentO, which vary across chromosomes and subpopulations, reflecting their distinct evolutionary patterns. We also revealed that long terminal repeats (LTRs), especially young Gypsy‐type LTRs, are abundant in the peripheral CentO‐enriched regions and drive rice centromere expansion and evolution. Furthermore, high‐quality genome assembly and complete telomere‐to‐telomere (T2T) reference genome enable us to obtain more centromeric genome information despite mapping and cloning of centromere genes being challenging. We investigated the association between structural variations and gene expression in the rice centromere. A centromere gene, OsMAB, which positively regulates rice tiller number, was further confirmed by expression quantitative trait loci, haplotype analysis and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 methods. By revealing the new insights into the evolutionary patterns and biological roles of rice centromeres, our finding will facilitate future research on centromere biology and crop improvement.
From molecules to behavior: Implications for perineuronal net remodeling in learning and memory
Authors: Sanchez Brenda , Kraszewski Piotr , Lee Sabrina , Cope Elise C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPerineuronal nets (PNNs) are condensed extracellular matrix (ECM) structures found throughout the central nervous system that regulate plasticity. They consist of a heterogeneous mix of ECM components that form lattice‐like structures enwrapping the cell body and proximal dendrites of particular neurons. During development, accumulating research has shown that the closure of various critical periods of plasticity is strongly linked to experience‐driven PNN formation and maturation. PNNs provide an interface for synaptic contacts within the holes of the structure, generally promoting synaptic stabilization and restricting the formation of new synaptic connections in the adult brain. In this way, they impact both synaptic structure and function, ultimately influencing higher cognitive processes. PNNs are highly plastic structures, changing their composition and distribution throughout life and in response to various experiences and memory disorders, thus serving as a substrate for experience‐ and disease‐dependent cognitive function. In this review, we delve into the proposed mechanisms by which PNNs shape plasticity and memory function, highlighting the potential impact of their structural components, overall architecture, and dynamic remodeling on functional outcomes in health and disease.image
A pilot study examining a double‐conjugated, retinoid‐based skincare regimen for darker, blemish‐prone skin
Authors: Hartman Corey L. , Dyck Rayna M. , Nelson Diane B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRetinoids and alpha‐ and beta hydroxy acids are common components utilized in regimens for blemish‐prone skin. However, balancing efficacy and tolerability is often challenging.Patients/MethodsThis pilot study evaluated a double‐conjugated retinoid serum specifically formulated for blemish‐prone skin (AHARet‐SA) in combination with exfoliating peel pads (double‐conjugated retinoid, glycolic, lactic, and salicylic acids), a cleanser, mineral‐based sunscreen, and a lightweight moisturizer in female participants with mild‐to‐moderate blemish‐prone skin. Fifty‐five percent of participants were Fitzpatrick Skin Type (FST) IV and 27% were FST V. Participants used the exfoliating peel pads (3x/week for 8 weeks; 2x/week for 4 weeks) followed by nightly AHARet‐SA and a moisturizer (as needed). Improvements in skin were assessed using the 5‐point Investigator Global Assessment Scale, and participant satisfaction and tolerability were assessed over 12 weeks.ResultsSignificant mean improvement from baseline in skin clarity occurred after 4 weeks (14%; p = 0.04) with progressive improvements through week 12 (52%; p = 0.004). Eighty‐eight percent of participants reported improvements in the appearance and texture of their skin and fewer blemishes/breakouts. Mild, transient adverse events were reported.ConclusionsA regimen comprised of a double‐conjugated serum and exfoliating peel pads formulated for blemish‐prone skin led to significant improvements from baseline in skin clarity after 12 weeks in participants with predominately darker skin tones and mild‐to‐moderate blemish‐prone skin.
Vice versa: The decoupling of content and topic heterogeneity in collusion research
Authors: Schmal W. Benedikt 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCollusive practices continue to be a significant threat to competition and consumer welfare. It should be of utmost importance for academic research to provide the theoretical and empirical foundations to antitrust authorities and enable them to develop proper tools to encounter new collusive practices. Utilizing topical natural language machine learning techniques allows me to analyze the evolution of economic research on collusion over the past two decades in a novel way. It enables me to review some 800 publications systematically. I extract the underlying topics from the papers and conduct a large set of uni‐ and multivariate time series and regression analyses on their individual prevalences. I detect a notable tendency towards monocultures in topics and an endogenous constriction of the topic variety. In contrast, the overall contents and issues addressed by these papers have grown remarkably. This caused a decoupling: Nowadays, more datasets and cartel cases are studied but with a smaller research scope.
The role of cognitive biases in conspiracy beliefs: A literature review
Authors: Gagliardi Lorenzo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, several studies have found that conspiracy believers tend to be more susceptible to cognitive biases (e.g., conjunction fallacy, proportionality bias, agency detection bias, etc.). The aim of this work is to review such literature, systematizing these concepts in a unifying framework of conspiracy mentality as a set of biased cognitive processes, which categorizes cognitive biases in two classes: those that contribute to belief formation and those that contribute to belief updating. Drawing on several empirical results, this paper summarizes the role of cognitive biases in conspiratorial thinking, offering some insights for future research and raising questions about the possible weaknesses of this approach.
Distinct regulation of two flagella by calcium during chemotaxis of male gametes in the brown alga Mutimo cylindricus (Cutleriaceae, Tilopteridales)
Authors: Kinoshita‐Terauchi Nana , Shiba Kogiku , Umezawa Taiki , Inaba Kazuo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBrown algal male gametes show chemotaxis to the sex pheromone that is released from female gametes. The chemotactic behavior of the male gametes is controlled by the changes in the beating of two flagella known as the anterior and posterior flagellum. Our previous study using Mutimo cylindricus showed that the sex pheromone induced an increment in both the deflection angle of the anterior flagellum and sustained unilateral bend of the posterior flagellum, but the mechanisms regulating these two flagellar waveforms were not fully revealed. In this study, we analyzed the changes in swimming path and flagellar waveforms with a high‐speed recording system under different calcium conditions. The extracellular Ca2+ concentration at 10−3 M caused an increment in the deflection angle of the anterior flagellum only when ionomycin was absent. No sustained unilateral bend of the posterior flagellum was induced either in the absence or presence of ionomycin in extracellular Ca2+ concentrations below 10−2 M. Real‐time Ca2+ imaging revealed that there is a spot near the basal part of anterior flagellum showing higher Ca2+ than in the other parts of the cell. The intensity of the spot slightly decreased when male gametes were treated with the sex pheromone. These results suggest that Ca2+‐dependent changes in the anterior and posterior flagellum are regulated by distinct mechanisms and that the increase in the anterior flagellar deflection angle and sustained unilateral bend of the posterior flagellum may not be primarily induced by the Ca2+ concentration.
The value of a head turn in neurolocalization
Authors: Nagendran Aran , José López Roberto , Suñol Anna , Brocal Josep , Gonçalves Rita 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundA head turn is a clinically relevant abnormality identified on neurological examination and historically has been an isolated or concomitant sign of ipsilateral forebrain dysfunction. Experimental studies in quadrupedal mammals suggest that changes in head posture may be identified as originating in other parts of the central nervous system (CNS).ObjectivesTo identify whether other locations within the CNS could give rise to a head turn and whether the head turn identified is isolated or concomitant with other deviations in head and body posture.AnimalsForty‐nine client‐owned dogs with a presentation of a head turn, from 6 veterinary referral centers.MethodsMulticenter observational prospective study including dogs with photographic evidence of a head turn, full neurological examination, and advanced imaging.ResultsOf the population, 15/49 had head turn only, 9/49 had head turn and head tilt only, 12/49 had head turn and body turn only, and 13/49 had head turn, head tilt, and body turn. Nearly all dogs with forebrain disease (23/24), and, all with brainstem and cerebellar disease, had an ipsilateral head turn and body turn (if present). In the cerebellar group, all head tilts were contralateral to the lesion location. In the cervical spinal cord group, all head turns, body turns and head tilts were contralateral to the lesion location.ConclusionA head turn, although most likely associated with, is not exclusively seen with forebrain disease. Certain combinations of head turn, head tilt and body turn suggest a neurolocalization other than the forebrain, with appropriate classification needed.
How career ready are your students? Reflections on what we are (not) teaching anthropology students
Authors: Nolan Riall W. , Briody Elizabeth K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the growing market in industry, government, and non‐profits for anthropologists, and their evident success there, anthropology has no real framework for teaching students about the practical applications of anthropology. This pattern appears at all degree levels—bachelor's, master's, and PhD. With that in mind, the Anthropology Career Readiness Network set out to investigate and identify some of the main gaps in academic training with respect to practice. Using Delphi surveys, we queried practitioners about perceived gaps in their training. The results showed that respondents felt quite underprepared in terms of job search strategies. They also lacked skills in transferring anthropology to workplace settings and explaining the value of their discipline to people in those settings. Although sobering on one level, our study points to a clear path ahead for curriculum development. The Network continues to work with practitioners, students, and instructors to build our collective capacity to prepare people to enter the workplace of their choice and to thrive there.
Incorrect recombination partner associations contribute to meiotic instability of neo‐allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica
Authors: Chéron Floriane , Petiot Valentine , Lambing Christophe , White Charles , Serra Heïdi 
Published: December 2023

Summary

Combining two or more related homoeologous genomes in a single nucleus, newly formed allopolyploids must rapidly adapt meiosis to restore balanced chromosome segregation, production of euploid gametes and fertility. The poor fertility of such neo‐allopolyploids thus strongly selects for the limitation or avoidance of genetic crossover formation between homoeologous chromosomes.

In this study, we have reproduced the interspecific hybridization between Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis arenosa leading to the allotetraploid Arabidopsis suecica and have characterized the first allopolyploid meioses.

First‐generation neo‐allopolyploid siblings vary considerably in fertility, meiotic behavior and levels of homoeologous recombination. We show that centromere dynamics at early meiosis is altered in synthetic neo‐allopolyploids compared with evolved A. suecica, with a significant increase in homoeologous centromere interactions at zygotene. At metaphase I, the presence of multivalents involving homoeologous chromosomes confirms that homoeologous recombination occurs in the first‐generation synthetic allopolyploid plants and this is associated with a significant reduction in homologous recombination, compared to evolved A. suecica.

Together, these data strongly suggest that the fidelity of recombination partner choice, likely during the DNA invasion step, is strongly impaired during the first meiosis of neo‐allopolyploids and requires subsequent adaptation.
Do Financial Markets Respond to Populist Rhetoric?
Authors: ÇAKMAKLI CEM , DEMİRALP SELVA , GÜNEŞ GÖKHAN ŞAHİN 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith the global rise in populism over the last decade, there has been an increase in political commentaries (PC) by leaders that criticize their central banks and argue for lower interest rates. We analyse the effects of PCs on exchange rates, bond yields, and the risk premium for six countries that are subject to political pressures. Utilizing a specification with time‐varying parameters, we show that PCs affect the level and the volatility of exchange rates, bond yields and the risk premium in Turkey. The response increases over time. In other countries, there is a significant impact on exchange rate volatility.
Small extracellular vesicle‐based human melanocyte and melanoma signature
Authors: Agüera‐Lorente Andrea , Alonso‐Pardavila Ainhoa , Larrinaga María , Boyano María Dolores , González Esperanza , Falcón‐Pérez Juan Manuel , Asumendi Aintzane , Apraiz Aintzane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntercellular communication is a cell‐type and stimulus‐dependent event driven not only by soluble factors but also by extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs include vesicles of different size and origin that contain a myriad of molecules. Among them, small EVs (sEV; <200 nm) have been shown to modulate not just regional cell responses but also distant organ behavior. In cancer, distant organ modulation by sEVs has been associated to disease dissemination, which is one of the main concerns in melanoma. Description of broadly conserved alterations in sEV‐contained molecules represents a strategy to identify key modifications in cellular communication as well as new disease biomarkers. Here, we characterize proteomes of cutaneous melanocyte and melanoma‐derived sEVs to deepen on the landscape of normal and disease‐related cell communication. Results reveal the presence of unique protein signatures for melanocytes and melanoma cells that reflect cellular transformation‐related profound modifications. Melanocyte‐derived sEVs are enriched in oxidative metabolism (e.g., aconitase 2, ACO2) or pigmentation (e.g., tyrosinase, TYR) related proteins while melanoma‐derived sEVs reflect a generalized decrease in mature melanocytic markers (e.g., melanoma antigen recognized by T‐cells 1, MART‐1, also known as MLANA) and an increase in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related adhesion molecules such as tenascin C (TNC).
Logical Pluralism and Paradoxical Assertions in the Philosophy of Religion
Authors: Friedman‐Biglin Noah , Vaidya Anand Jayprakash 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany authors show how useful logic can be as a tool for building theories that can account for problems in the philosophy of religion, such as paradoxical assertions. As a consequence, one's philosophy of logic is crucial as well, since it determines which logics, from the set of available and constructible logics, one can use to build a theory. In this paper, we present the relatively recent debate between logical pluralism and monism because the positions in this debate determine which logic(s) can, with justification, be applied to build a theory that addresses problems in the philosophy of religion. We begin by presenting the problem of paradoxical assertions and the debate over logical pluralism that bears on the addressing paradoxical assertions. We then canvass strategies for arguing in favor of logical monism, and pluralism; ultimately, we conclude that the Western tradition has reached a stalemate on this issue. We then turn our attention to the potential for Indian religious traditions to contribute to the debate. We present the five‐step‐syllogism from Nyāya‐Hindu philosophy, the four corners of reasoning from Buddhist philosophy, and the seven‐fold theory of predication from Jaina philosophy. The upshot of our presentation is to lay the groundwork for cross‐traditional logical debate by identifying the ways in which Indian discussions of debate and dialogue relate to modern approaches to logic and the philosophy of logic.
Skin cancer survivorship and sun protection behaviors in the United States
Authors: Domínguez Bueso Daniela L. , González Ruiz Liza M. , Mondragón Márquez Lía I. , Liu Jason J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin cancer survivors are more vulnerable to subsequent skin cancers and other malignancies, but previous studies have not examined in detail their sun protection behavior prevalence by sociodemographic factors. We aimed to understand the sociodemographic disparities in the prevalence of three important types of sun protection behaviors: using sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing, among skin cancer survivors and those without skin cancer history.MethodsWe used the 2015 U.S. National Health Interview Survey to analyze 29,523 participants, of which 772 were skin cancer survivors and 28,751 were those without skin cancer history. We assessed overall and specific sun protection behavior prevalence based on using sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing. Weighted Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios.ResultsMelanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer survivors had similar overall sun protection behavior (p > .05). Among all skin cancer survivors, 36.0% infrequently used sunscreen, 50.2% infrequently wore protective clothing, 47.8% infrequently sought shade, and 30.0% lacked frequent overall sun protection, which significantly differed from those without skin cancer history (p < .0001). The prevalence of frequent overall sun protection behavior was lower for those who were younger at survey, males, less educated, single or never married, or lived in poverty, regardless of their skin cancer history (p < .01).ConclusionsBy identifying subpopulations with higher prevalence of infrequent sun protection among those with or without skin cancer history, our findings may encourage efforts to reduce sociodemographic disparities in sun protection behaviors and promote primary and tertiary skin cancer prevention.
Risk factors of cognitive frailty in elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and its implication for death: a cohort study
Authors: Wu Xia , Huang Kehan , Jiang Tingting , Yu Huiqin 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundsCognitive frailty, a clinical syndrome with physical frailty and cognitive impairment, leads to mortality and other adverse health outcomes in older adults. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive frailty, and its influencing factors, and follow its impact on short‐term mortality in elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, to provide a theoretical scientific reference basis for clinical intervention and management of cognitive frailty.MethodsA sample of 243 elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in the respiratory department of a tertiary care hospital was conveniently sampled from November 2021 to February 2023, and the prevalence of cognitive frailty was investigated using the General Information Survey Scale, the Fried Phenotype Scale, the Mini‐Mental State Examination, the Anxiety Self‐Rating Scale, the Brief Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Mortality Record. The mortality was recorded by telephone follow‐up after 6 months. A database was created and statistical analysis such as one‐way analysis of variance, logistic regression analysis, Kaplan–Meier, and Cox survival analysis were used to analyze the data.ResultsA total of 47 patients (19.3%) had cognitive frailty; there were statistical differences in the prevalence of cognitive frailty by medical payment type, physical exercise, and sleeping time (P < 0.05). During a 6‐month follow‐up, 38 patients (15.6%) died. Cox survival analysis showed that the risk of death in elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in the cognitive frailty group was 3.212 times higher than that in the normal cognitive function and non‐frailty group (95% CI 1.646–6.270, P = 0.001), and 5.266 times higher than that in the normal cognitive function and frailty group (95% CI 3.159–8.778, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe prevalence of cognitive frailty in elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients is high, and clinical staff should pay attention to patients' medical burden and financial ability, and reduce the incidence of cognitive frailty by instructing patients to perform physical exercise and arrange sleep time. Cognitive frailty is an important risk factor for mortality within 6 months in elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, and early intervention should be emphasised to reduce or delay cognitive frailty and mortality.