bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El envejecimiento: un breve relato desde un enfoque molecular
Authors: Sánchez Alonso María Patricia , Vázquez Cruz Candelario , Sánchez Alonso Silvia 
Published: February 2024

El envejecimiento es un proceso biológico inevitable que conduce a todos los seres vivos hacia un aumento paulatino de la probabilidad de muerte, ya sea por el agotamiento de la extensión de vida propia de la especie o por el desencadenamiento de procesos fisiológicos como respuesta a un medio ambiente tóxico o inductor de la síntesis de productos nocivos para la célula. Los cambios fenotípicos que se producen por el envejecimiento son compartidos por la mayoría de los seres vivos: la disminución del potencial replicativo de las células del organismo o de un cultivo celular debido a la entrada progresiva de algunas de sus células el estado senescencia. La senescencia, a diferencia de la quiescencia, se caracteriza por el arresto irreversible del ciclo celular, además de que se produce un fenómeno secretorio que desencadena la entrada de las células que le rodean a un estado de senescencia de manera secundaria. A nivel organísmico, las alteraciones fisiológicas provocadas por el envejecimiento disminuyen o anulan la tolerancia al estrés, la capacidad para reestablecer su función óptima, la concomitante disminución de la resiliencia a cambios desafiantes en el medio ambiente, así como esterilidad, alteraciones en el metabolismo energético, desencadenamiento de señales celulares que conducen a la inflamación y padecimientos propios la vejez. En esta revisión se presentan de manera resumida los avances que a la fecha se han obtenido en la investigación del envejecimiento, las teorías que recientemente explican este proceso y los avances para el logro de un envejecimiento con una buena calidad de vida, que permita dejar de relacionar la vejez con el dolor.
Ricerche in corso
Authors: Stanzione Irene , Truffelli Elisa , Pagani Valentina , Damiani Valeria 
Published: February 2024

1. I PCTO come dispositivo per lo sviluppo di risorse personali e il contrasto alla dispersione. Strumenti di analisi e percorsi di ricerca-formazione nella scuola superiore2. Gli ambienti di apprendimento democratici per l'educazione civica e alla cittadinanza
Impact of Ambient Temperature, Passenger Load, and Delay on the Consumption of Battery Electric Buses
Authors: Szilassy Péter Ákos , Földes Dávid 
Published: February 2024

The operation of state-of-the-art battery electric buses (BEBs) has started recently, and their consumption model is unknown. Therefore, the service providers are lenient regarding the energy used. Our aim was to reveal the effects of ambient temperature and bus service characteristics, such as passenger load and delay, on the energy consumption. Real-time consumption data of BEBs were analyzed in Nyíregyháza, Hungary, and the functional relationships among the aforementioned variables were revealed. We found that while ambient temperature is negatively correlated with consumption in the cold winter periods, the consumption surplus is positively correlated with passenger load and generally positively correlated with the delay on the trip because of road traffic. In the case of delay, the consumption increase is caused by more frequent acceleration and the greater consumption of auxiliary systems due to longer running times. Accordingly, the energy consumption can be estimated if the characteristics data are available. The results can be used by bus service operators to plan the daily schedule and predict the energy consumption of a BEB.
Causas de trastornos musculoesqueléticos en los trabajadores del área de la construcción Cuenca – Ecuador
Authors: Quizhpi Urgilés Ronald Darío , Quinde Alvear Ángel Giovanny 
Published: February 2024

La investigación parte de los trastornos musculoesqueléticos que experimenta el área de la construcción. Se propone establecer cuáles son las causas relacionadas a los trastornos musculoesqueléticos en los trabajadores del área de la construcción Cuenca- Ecuador. El estudio es cuantitativo y elogia del constructo teórico en donde la carga laboral está asociada con los trastornos musculoesqueléticos. Se investigó a 41 personas de la constructora Flores. Los resultados revelan que existe correlación negativa entre la carga laboral con -0,353* siendo las pruebas estadísticamente significativas a un nivel menor al p-valor de 0,05. La variable antecedentes médicos no pasó la prueba estadística con un coeficiente de correlación -0,064. Se concluye que, la carga laboral es un componente de peligro que afecta no solo a la salud física, sino también a la salud mental de los trabajadores, involucrando la calidad de trabajo que desempeñan diariamente los colaboradores que son el contexto de estudio. Introducción. Los trastornos musculoesqueléticos comienzan en su forma más leve, manifestándose inicialmente como un dolor ocasional, y pueden evolucionar hacia un estado más grave y bien definido. Este dolor puede surgir como consecuencia de una carga de trabajo excesiva o servir como un indicio del comienzo de una enfermedad. Este hecho nos demuestra que las lesiones del sistema musculoesquelético están teniendo un impacto considerable y en aumento en todo el mundo, siendo la principal causa de dolor y discapacidad. Objetivo. Establecer cuáles son las causas relacionadas a los trastornos musculoesqueléticos en los trabajadores del área de la construcción, Cuenca Ecuador. Metodología. Es de tipo cuantitativo porque se recolectarán datos que serán procesadas mediante técnicas estadísticas descriptivas, que permitirá establecer la relación entre las variables del estudio y comprender cuales son las causas de trastornos musculoesqueléticos en los trabajadores de la construcción. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos de las variables de investigación son estadísticamente significativos al ser menores al p-valor 0,05. Lo fundamentado está dentro de la variable Prom_Carga laboral presenta una correlación negativa de (- 0,353*) obtenida a partir del estudio realizado. Conclusión. La carga laboral es un factor primordial que genera estrés en el ámbito laboral, y está estrechamente vinculada al tipo de labor o profesión que desempeñan los empleados, así como al nivel de exigencias físicas, mentales y temporales necesarios para llevar a cabo las tareas requeridas en sus respectivos puestos de trabajo
Socioeconomic status as a predictor of post-operative mortality and outcomes in carotid artery stenting vs. carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Baxi Jigesh , Chao Joshua C. , Dewan Krish , Yang NaYoung K. , Pepe Russell J. , Deng Xiaoyan , Soliman Fady K. , Volk Lindsay , Rahimi Saum , Russo Mark J. , Lee Leonard Y. 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundThe association between low socioeconomic status (SES) and worse surgical outcomes has become an emerging area of interest. Literature has demonstrated that carotid artery stenting (CAS) poses greater risk of postoperative complications, particularly stroke, than carotid endarterectomy (CEA). This study aims to compare the impact of low SES on patients undergoing CAS vs. CEA.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was queried for patients undergoing CAS and CEA from 2010 to 2015. Patients were stratified by highest and lowest median income quartiles by zip code and compared through demographics, hospital characteristics, and comorbidities defined by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included acute kidney injury (AKI), post-operative stroke, sepsis, and bleeding requiring reoperation.Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the effect of SES on outcomes.ResultsFive thousand four hundred twenty-five patients underwent CAS (Low SES: 3,516 (64.8%); High SES: 1,909 (35.2%) and 38,399 patients underwent CEA (Low SES: 22,852 (59.5%); High SES: 15,547 (40.5%). Low SES was a significant independent predictor of mortality [OR = 2.07 (1.25–3.53); p = 0.005] for CEA patients, but not for CAS patients [OR = 1.21 (CI 0.51–2.30); p = 0.68]. Stroke was strongly associated with low SES, CEA patients (Low SES = 1.5% vs. High SES = 1.2%; p = 0.03), while bleeding was with high SES, CAS patients (Low SES = 5.3% vs. High SES = 7.1%; p = 0.01). CCI was a strong predictor of mortality for both procedures [CAS: OR1.45 (1.17–1.80); p &lt; 0.001. CEA: OR1.60 (1.45–1.77); p &lt; 0.001]. Advanced age was a predictor of mortality post-CEA [OR = 1.03 (1.01–1.06); p = 0.01]. While not statistically significant, advanced age and increased mortality trended towards a positive association in CAS [OR = 1.05 (1.00–1.10); p = 0.05].ConclusionsLow SES is a significant independent predictor of post-operative mortality in patients who underwent CEA, but not CAS. CEA is also associated with higher incidence of stroke in low SES patients. Findings demonstrate the impact of SES on outcomes for patients undergoing carotid revascularization procedures. Prospective studies are warranted to further evaluate this disparity.
Machine learning analysis and nowcasting of marine fog visibility using FATIMA Grand Banks campaign measurements
Authors: Gultepe Eren , Wang Sen , Blomquist Byron , Fernando Harindra J. S. , Kreidl O. Patrick , Delene David J. , Gultepe Ismail 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: This study presents the application of machine learning (ML) to evaluate marine fog visibility conditions and nowcasting of visibility based on the FATIMA (Fog and turbulence interactions in the marine atmosphere) campaign observations collected during July 2022 in the North Atlantic in the Grand Banks area and vicinity of Sable Island, northeast of Canada.Methods: The measurements were collected using instrumentation mounted on the Research Vessel Atlantic Condor. The collected meteorological parameters were: visibility (Vis), precipitation rate, air temperature, relative humidity with respect to water, pressure, wind speed, and direction. Using all variables, the droplet number concentration was used to qualitatively indicate and assess characteristics of the fog using the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding projection method (t-SNE), which clustered the data into groups. Following t-SNE analysis, a correlation heatmap was used to select relevant meteorological variables for visibility nowcasting, which were wind speed, relative humidity, and dew point depression. Prior to nowcasting, the input variables were preprocessed to generate additional time-lagged variables using a 120-minute lookback window in order to take advantage of the intrinsic time-varying features of the time series data. Nowcasting of Vis time series for lead times of 30 and 60 minutes was performed using the ML regression methods of support vector regression (SVR), least-squares gradient boosting (LSB), and deep learning at visibility thresholds of Vis &lt; 1 km and &lt; 10 km.Results: Vis nowcasting at the 60 min lead time was best with LSB and was significantly more skillful than persistence analysis. Specifically, using LSB the overall nowcasts at Vis 1 &lt; km and Vis 10 &lt; km were RMSE = 0.172 km and RMSE = 2.924 km, respectively. The nowcasting skill of SVR for dense fog (Vis ≤ 400 m) was significantly better than persistence at all Vis thresholds and lead times, even when it was less skillful than persistence at predicting high visibility.Discussion: Thus, ML techniques can significantly improve Vis prediction when either observations or modelbased accurate time-dependent variables are available. The results suggest that there is potential for future ML analysis that focuses on modeling the underlying factors of fog formation.
Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology
Authors: Shah Ishaq Ali , Khan Haroon , Muhammad Zahir , Ullah Rehman , Iqbal Shahid , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Bourhia Mohammed , Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

Climate change (CC) is the menace of the hour impacting every facet of human existence. Regional CC and its impact studies are crucial in that they contribute to global change. The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of CC in Charsadda, Pakistan and its impact on vegetation and hydrology of the region to understand microclimate variability contribution to global CC. Utilizing local climate data for 20 years (2001–2020), Modified Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Slope statistics were employed to determine monthly and seasonal trends in climate variables. Significant changing climate variables were regressed on Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite dataset viz. normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Due to the prominent climate factor impacting vegetation, NDVI was further correlated to MODIS land surface temperature (LST). Floods being the conspicuous climate calamity were mapped for 2005 and 2010 using satellites Landsat 5 and 7 dataset viz. normalized difference water index (NDWI) with flood risk assessment by watershed delineation. The findings revealed significant (p &lt; 0.05) variability in climate variables (average monthly and summer maximum temperature, and average monthly and summer precipitation) that are driving CC and impacting vegetation and hydrology in the region. Temperature and solar radiation affect NDVI adversely while precipitation and relative humidity has positive impact on vegetation. NDVI varied greatly spatiotemporally, often increasing but worsening in some areas (Shabqadar, Abazai, Palai and Charsadda city with NDVI = 0.1–0.3) of the study region as a result of extreme weather events. Temporally, NDVI improved with an overall positive trend with a stage (2007–2016) of noticeable zigzag fluctuation. Spatial grids with higher LST (&gt;40°C) were either devoid of or with sparse NDVI (&lt;0.3) presenting global warming as peril to vegetation. NDWI maps (2005, 2010 floods) indicate that after floods wreaked havoc on the region altering the vegetation pattern revealing heavy irregular precipitation as the next to temperature in jeopardizing vegetation of the region. Lower elevation regions along the Swat and Kabul Rivers with a greater risk of flooding were identified by watershed delineation. The study suggests that local governments and stakeholders implement CC mitigation strategies and plans for vegetation restoration, flood alerts with post-flood management for regional sustainable development.
The impacts of host traits on parasite infection of montane birds in southwestern China
Authors: Zhan Xia , Huang Xi , Pagani-Núñez Emilio , Tang Qindong , Ho Heiman , Zhou Wenjun , Liu Yang , Liang Dan 
Published: February 2024

Parasitic infections have the potential to impact the hosts’ body condition, elevate physiological responses, and ultimately lead to increased mortality. Host-parasite interactions are tied to the ecological and life-history traits of the hosts. While montane birds are susceptible to avian blood parasites, few studies have simultaneously assessed how inter- and intra-specific traits of hosts influence their probability of parasite infection. In this study, we screened for avian blood parasites across 214 individuals from 51 species at two sites, including a lowland farmland at 700 m and a highland forest at 2,500 m, in the Gaoligong Mountains in southwestern China. Overall blood parasite prevalence was 53.74%, with divergent species-specific prevalence ranging from 6.25% to 66.67%. We also measured traits indicative of body condition and physiological responses of each sampled individual. Using Bayesian phylogenetic logistic models, we assessed whether parasite infection probability is associated with ecological and life history traits of host species. Larger bird species were more likely to be infected than smaller bird species, and omnivore species showed lower susceptibility than those with other diets such as insectivores and herbivores. In contrast, foraging strata, nest type, and participation in mixed-species flocks of host species did not affect infection probability. We then used a reduced sample of eight species with more than five individuals, to assess the associations between intra-specific infection probability and host body condition, represented by fat and muscle reserves, and acute stress responses measured through breath rate. While infected individuals were likely to have more fat reserves than non-infected individuals, we did not find any association between infection probability and muscle reserve and body mass, nor with breath rate. Our results revealed that at the species level, specific traits (body mass and diet) of host species predict infection probability and implied a potential link at the individual level between enhanced body condition and increased resilience to parasite infection.
T follicular helper cells expansion in transplant recipients correlates with graft infiltration and adverse outcomes
Authors: Désy Olivier , Béland Stéphanie , Thivierge Marie-Pier , Marcoux Meagan , Desgagnés Jean-Simon , Bouchard-Boivin François , Gama Alcino , Riopel Julie , Latulippe Eva , De Serres Sacha A. 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe process of immunization following vaccination in humans bears similarities to that of immunization with allografts. Whereas vaccination aims to elicit a rapid response, in the transplant recipient, immunosuppressants slow the immunization to alloantigens. The induction of CD4+CXCR5+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells has been shown to correlate with the success of vaccine immunization.MethodWe studied a cohort of 65 transplant recipients who underwent histological evaluation concurrent with PBMC isolation and follow-up sampling to investigate the phenotypic profiles in the blood and allotissue and analyze their association with clinical events.ResultsThe proportion of circulating Tfh cells was heterogeneous over time. Patients in whom this compartment increased had lower CCR7-PD1+CD4+CXCR5+ T cells during follow-up. These patients exhibited more alloreactive CD4+ T cells using HLA-DR-specific tetramers and a greater proportion of detectable circulating plasmablasts than the controls. Examination of baseline biopsies revealed that expansion of the circulating Tfh compartment did not follow prior intragraft leukocyte infiltration. However, multicolor immunofluorescence microscopy of the grafts showed a greater proportion of CXCR5+ T cells than in the controls. CD4+CXCR5+ cells were predominantly PD1+ and were in close contact with B cells in situ. Despite clinical stability at baseline, circulating Tfh expansion was associated with a higher risk of a composite of anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies, rejection, lower graft function, or graft loss.ConclusionIn otherwise stable patients post-transplant, circulating Tfh expansion can identify ongoing alloreactivity, detectable before allograft injury. Tfh expansion is relevant clinically because it predicts poor graft prognosis. These findings have implications for immune surveillance.
A genome-wide association study on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation reveals novel genomic loci associated with transplant outcomes
Authors: Rosenberger Albert , Crossland Rachel E. , Dressel Ralf , Kube Dieter , Wolff Daniel , Wulf Gerald , Bickeböller Heike , Dickinson Anne , Holler Ernst 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionData on genomic susceptibility for adverse outcomes after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for recipients are scarce.MethodsWe performed a genome wide association study (GWAS) to identify genes associated with survival/mortality, relapse, and severe graft-versus-host disease (sGvHD), fitting proportional hazard and subdistributional models to data of n=1,392 recipients of European ancestry from three centres.ResultsThe single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs17154454, intronic to the neuronal growth guidant semaphorin 3C gene (SEMA3C), was genome-wide significantly associated with event-free survival (p=7.0x10-8) and sGvHD (p=7.5x10-8). Further associations were detected for SNPs in the Paxillin gene (PXN) with death without prior relapse or sGvHD, as well as for SNPs of the Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 gene (PVT1, a long non-coding RNA gene), the Melanocortin 5 Receptor (MC5R) gene and the WW Domain Containing Oxidoreductase gene (WWOX), all associated with the occurrence of sGvHD. Functional considerations support the observed associations.DiscussionThus, new genes were identified, potentially influencing the outcome of HSCT.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of T lymphocyte subpopulations and identification of critical regulators defining porcine thymocyte identity
Authors: Han Pingping , Zhang Wei , Wang Daoyuan , Wu Yalan , Li Xinyun , Zhao Shuhong , Zhu Mengjin 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe development and migration of T cells in the thymus and peripheral tissues are crucial for maintaining adaptive immunity in mammals. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying T cell development and thymocyte identity formation in pigs remain largely underexplored. MethodHere, by integrating bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing data, we investigated regulatory signatures of porcine thymus and lymph node T cells. ResultsThe comparison of T cell subpopulations derived from porcine thymus and lymph nodes revealed that their transcriptomic differences were influenced more by tissue origin than by T cell phenotypes, and that lymph node cells exhibited greater transcriptional diversity than thymocytes. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we identified the key modules and candidate hub genes regulating the heterogeneity of T cell subpopulations. Further, we integrated the porcine thymocyte dataset with peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) dataset to systematically compare transcriptomic differences between T cell types from different tissues. Based on single-cell datasets, we further identified the key transcription factors (TFs) responsible for maintaining porcine thymocyte identity and unveiled that these TFs coordinately regulated the entire T cell development process. Finally, we performed GWAS of cell type-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 30 complex traits, and found that the DEGs in thymus-related and peripheral blood-related cell types, especially CD4_SP cluster and CD8-related cluster, were significantly associated with pig productive and reproductive traits. DiscussionOur findings provide an insight into T cell development and lay a foundation for further exploring the porcine immune system and genetic mechanisms underlying complex traits in pigs.