bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current trends of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA): choosing between robotic-assisted and conventional surgeries and timing of procedures
Authors: Cheung Kelvin S. C. , Chan Kai Chun Augustine , Cheung Amy , Chan Ping Keung , Luk Michelle Hilda , Chiu Kwong Yuen , Fu Henry 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
With robotic advancements in UKA technology, we sought to explore if robotic-assisted UKA could translate to clinical benefits such as reduced hospital stays and lowered emergency readmissions. Also, current utilization trends of UKA and choice of procedure timing (unilateral [uUKA] vs. one-staged bilateral UKA [biUKA]) could be explored.

Methods
This was a retrospective study utilizing the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) for data retrieval. All patients who had undergone primary UKA in all Hospital Authority (HA) hospitals in HK from 2021–2023 were included. Primary outcomes included utilization of UKA compared to TKA and percentage utilization of different UKA systems, namely, conventional, Mako, and Cori/Navio systems, from 2021–2023. Secondary outcomes involved: (1) patient demographics, (2) postoperative average length of stay (ALOS), (3) 30-day and 90-day postoperative Accident and Emergency Department (AED) attendance, (4) surgical times (skin-to-skin) and (5) 90-day mortality and reoperation. Differences in outcomes between uUKA and biUKA and between different robotic systems were examined. Regression analysis was performed to study if utilization of robotic-assisted systems could contribute to reduced hospital stays.

Results
UKA accounted for 15.2% of primary knee arthroplasties throughout 2021–2023. Robotic-assisted UKA (Mako and Navio/Cori) has shown an increasing utilization since 2022 in both unilateral (16.0% to 25.9%) and bilateral operations (17.8% to 29.0%). Mako had shorter ALOS than Navio/Cori (2.9 ± 1.6 vs. 3.6 ± 2.6 days; P = 0.006) and significantly shorter ALOS than conventional UKA (2.9 ± 1.6 vs. 3.6 ± 2.6 days; P = 0.004). Utilization of Mako was predictive of shortened ALOS on multi-linear regression (β = − 0.056; P = 0.049). Interestingly, biUKAs, especially conventional ones, showed a lower attendance rate than uUKAs at 30-day (2.9% VS 6.9%; P = 0.036) and 90-days (7.8% VS 15.7%; P = 0.004). Robotic-assisted surgery was associated with a prolonged surgical time of 16.4 min in uUKA and 29.1 min in biUKA compared to conventional operations.

Conclusion
UKA utilization has dropped since 2021 but the percentage of robotic-assisted UKA has risen. Mako yielded promising results in reducing hospital stays compared to conventional operations. Sub-group analysis (Mako versus Cori/Navio) highlighted the importance of distinguishing between different robotic platforms. For patients with bilateral unicompartmental OA, biUKA was shown to be a safe and effective alternative to unilateral operations.

Trial Registration
Registered (HKU/ HA HKW IRB; Ref No: 24–373).
Central auditory processing in epileptic children
Authors: Beshr Amal E. , Taha Tayseer , El-bialy Rasha , Behairy Reda , Amin Alaa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Epilepsy is characterized by the transient occurrence of signs or symptoms due to hypersynchronous or excessive neuronal activity. Seizures caused by epilepsy during brain development can hinder the normal growth and functioning of the brain, which may negatively impact the acquisition of cognitive skills that are crucial for the learning process. The purpose of the study was to evaluate central auditory processing and cognitive functions in different types of epileptic children.

Results
The results of central auditory processing tests for epileptic children indicated notable differences when compared to the control group, specifically in the gap in noise, speech in noise, dichotic digit, and time-compressed speech tests. These differences were statistically significant at a level of P < 0.005. Epileptic children showed prolonged latencies and smaller amplitudes of the p300 wave when compared to the control (P < 0.005).

Conclusion
Children with focal epilepsy had more deficits in central auditory processing abilities and abnormalities in auditory event-related potentials (p300) than generalized epilepsy.
The spectrum of giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: a longitudinal prospective study to assess for subclinical giant cell arteritis in new onset polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: El Miedany Yasser , El Gaafary Maha , Toth Mathias , Bahlas Sami , Hassan Waleed , Mahran Safaa , Abu-Zaid Mohammed Hassan , El Miedany Ali , Elwakil Walaa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) frequently overlap, with each disease potentially presenting as a manifestation of the other. The strong relationship between PMR and GCA raises the question of whether it is a “co-occurrence of different diseases” or a “common spectrum of inflammatory diseases.” The objectives of the current study were to assess the applicability of using ultrasound (US) and clinical data as a monitoring tool to identify PMR patients with subclinical GCA and determine possible predictors of GCA among PMR patients.

Results
One hundred eight PMR patients and 62 GCA patients were included in this study. The study found that 20.4% of the PMR cohort had subclinical GCA, which later progressed to classical GCA, while 31.5% experienced a PMR relapse. The presence of intimal media thickening of the temporal/axillary artery at baseline was a very early predictor of GCA development; the OGUS score was significantly higher in the PMR group who developed GCA than the standard GCA cohort (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
The key finding of this study is the incorporation of the concept that vascular inflammation mainly precedes the classical clinical manifestations. Routine screening for subclinical GCA in PMR patients should be considered as part of standard care for PMR patients. Physicians should be attentive to the presence of mural inflammatory changes at the time of diagnosis and monitoring of the ultrasound composite scores in the follow-up course.
Role of CBNAAT in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Janmeja Ashok Kumar , Kumar Arjun , Singh Balbir , Shridhar Pramod Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Tubercular lymphadenitis (TBLN) is the most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) followed by tubercular pleural effusion (TPE). The bacteriological confirmation to diagnose EPTB is more difficult due to its paucibacillary nature often leading to delay or misdiagnosis. The role of the CBNAAT test for the diagnosis of EPTB is highly variable among different populations. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of CBNAAT in the diagnosis of EPTB in a tertiary care center in north India.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the 100 stable patients of EPTB (55 TPE and 45 TBLN) who came to the Respiratory Medicine Department in MMMC&H, Solan, India. The total duration of the study was eighteen months from April 2021 to September 2022. Fine needle aspirate and pleural fluid samples were collected from all suspected TPE and TBLN patients respectively and were subjected to CBNAAT investigation. All other recommended investigations used for diagnosis of TBLN and TPE were also performed including ZN stain, FNAC, biochemical analysis of pleural fluid, Mantoux test, radiological imaging, and other routine investigations. The data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 software.

Results
Out of 100 patients of EPTB, 55 were TPE, and 45 were TBLN patients. The positivity of CBNAAT was higher in TBLN patients (57.8%) as compared to TPE (23.7%) patients. The correlation between CBNAAT and ZN stain was statistically significant in both TBLN (p = 0.008) and TPE (p = 0.001) patients. The correlation of CBNAAT with FNAC, duration of illness, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and Mantoux were all statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our study finding showed higher positivity of CBNAAT in the TBLN as compared to that in patients of TPE. The positivity of CBNAAT in the TBLN patients was higher in pus and cheesy FNAC samples, Mantoux-positive patients, and those with high ESR value.
Two Decades of Child Welfare System Contact in the Global North: A Research Note on Trends in 44 Countries
Authors: Wildeman Christopher , Roehrkasse Alexander F. , Gibbons Alexandra , Sernaker Sarah , Becker Liza , Fallesen Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Child maltreatment and child welfare system contact are both associated with an elevated risk of adverse outcomes in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Yet, data on variation in system contact are available for only a handful of countries, limiting knowledge about the societal correlates of system contact. As reported in this research note, we identified, collected, and harmonized administrative data on child welfare agency investigations, confirmed maltreatment, and placements into out-of-home care for 44 countries in the Global North. We analyzed 15 sociodemographic factors commonly associated with child maltreatment and child welfare system contact. Results support three core conclusions. First, data are much more available on late-stage system contact (e.g., foster care caseloads) than for early-stage system contact (e.g., investigations). Second, whereas early-stage contact tended to be on the rise in most countries, late-stage contact was stable or declining. Cross-national variation in these trends was generally less substantial than cross-national variation in levels of child welfare system contact, indicating relatively stable cross-national differences. Third, cross-national variation in out-of-home care largely reflected, but was not reducible to, regional and sociocultural variation: we find little evidence for universal drivers of foster care caseloads across the Global North.
A circulação do mito na sociedade através da comunicação
Authors: Martins Ana Taís 
Published: February 2025

O objetivo principal deste artigo é discutir a circulação do mito na sociedade através dos processos comunicacionais, refletindo-se sobre sua dinamização adaptativa aos diversos estratos de consciência social. Para tanto, recorre-se à Teoria Geral do Imaginário de Gilbert Durand, em especial à sua proposta de tópica sociocultural, que define três diferentes níveis de circulação mítica na sociedade: o inconsciente antropológico, a consciência social e a superconsciência normatizadora. Adota-se a definição do imaginário como resultante de uma negociação entre coerções historicamente localizadas e pulsões de origem biopsíquica. Conclui-se que a circulação social do mito é fortemente impulsionada pela comunicação e que ele, a partir dela, exerce sua força regulatória sobre as coletividades.
O Marketing e o ethos da diversidade
Authors: Neves Glaucia 
Published: February 2025

Os discursos repletos do signo da diversidade tornaram-se padrão dominante na publicidade contemporânea. Neste artigo, buscamos analisar como e porque a diversidade passou a ser um ativo simbólico na instância da comunicação de marcas e refletir sobre os possíveis impactos desta mudança. Realizamos um estudo documental, a partir da análise retórica de textos que orientam os profissionais de marketing e publicitários para o enfoque em campanhas inclusivas. Nestes discursos, buscamos encontrar as principais justificações – explícitas ou implícitas - para a adesão à causa da diversidade. Para uma compreensão mais aprofundada do fenômeno, a análise empírica foi precedida de revisão teórica que desvelasse transformações mais amplas em diversos aspectos da sociedade contemporânea que afetam e reconfiguram o ecossistema de comunicação de marketing.

Palavras-chave: marketing inclusivo; diversidade; publicidade de causa
Birth philosophy and experience based on birth place: an ethnographic study in Indonesia
Authors: Al Farizi Sofia , Frety Endyka Erye , Fatmaningrum Dyah Ayu , Aisya Era Sukowati , Handayani Anindita , Wardhani Gusna Pricillia , Pratama Aldilia Wyasti 
Published: February 2025

Background/Aims A woman's childbearing philosophy and the birth environment's paradigm will affect her experience of birth. This ethnographic study aimed to explore the interaction between birth philosophy, place of birth and birth experience. Methods Interviews were held with 16 postpartum women at hospitals and public health centres, conducted at 1 week and 42 days postpartum. Observations were also taken on implementation of birth in both settings. Data were analysed thematically. Results Participants viewed birth as a medical problem that required assistance from healthcare professionals. The health system supported technocratic childbirth, particularly as a result of the referral system, which eliminated midwives' role in providing a natural birth. Conclusions The healthcare system should prioritise women's comfort during birth. Women should be given information about natural birth during antenatal care, and healthcare professionals should avoid behaviour that encourages women to give birth technocratically. Implications for practice Private midwives need the opportunity to provide independent services, and midwives need training on women-centred care. Birth planning could be used to increase women's capacity and authority over their bodies.
Using insulin to manage type 2 diabetes
Authors: Stewart Martha 
Published: February 2025

Practice nurses need to be aware of when their patients may require insulin to support them in achieving their target glycaemic levels, as there is clear evidence that good glycaemic control reduces long-term micro and macro-vascular complications. Exogenous insulin injections are utilised in type 2 diabetes to complement non-insulin medication, or as standalone therapy, alongside lifestyle changes. Therapeutic inertia by HCPs as well as ‘psychological insulin resistance’ by individuals with diabetes contribute to delays in insulin use. Practice nurses have a pivotal role in identifying individuals who require insulin therapy, and to counsel and support them through person-centred insulin education. This article outlines the NICE recommendations for insulin therapy, factors contributing to delays in insulin initiation as well as resources that can be signposted to individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Vliv věku a zkušeností na riziko vzniku dopravní nehody
Authors: Kovač Vilém , Hůrková Barbora 
Published: February 2025

Dopravní nehody představují významný společenský problém a jsou ovlivněny různými faktory, včetně věku a zkušeností, což umožňuje identifikovat rizikové skupiny a navrhnout opatření ke zvýšení bezpečnosti silničního provozu. Cílem práce bylo zhodnotit závislost mezi demografickým faktorem věku, zkušenostmi řidiče a příčinami dopravních nehod v České republice mezi obdobím od 1.1.2014 do 31.12.2023. Pro vyhodnocení vztahu mezi věkem řidičů, zkušenostmi a typem dopravní nehody. Silná lineární závislost byla prokázána ve vztahu celkového počtu dopravních nehod a všech věkových kategoriích (18–34 let, 35–64 let, 65 a více let), praxe 1–3 roky a 7 a více let a se všemi druhy srážek (s jedoucím nekolejovým vozidlem, zaparkovaným vozidlem a s pevnou překážkou). Kladný lineární vztah mezi věkem a druhem dopravní nehody vznikl u všech proměnných. Za pomocí grafické analýzy, která umožnila vizualizovat trend v četnosti dopravních nehod v různých věkových a zkušenostních kategoriích během sledovaného období se zjistilo, že dopravní nehody byly nejčastěji způsobeny v letech 2016–2019 a nejméně v roce 2023. Největším limitem práce je rozložení sekundárních dat, které může zkreslit pohled na situaci a přesnost závěrů.
Terahertz nonreciprocal characteristics based on a grating metasurface
Authors: Liu Ya-Li , Li Jiu-Sheng , Xiong Ri-Hui 
Published: February 2025

Terahertz nonreciprocal devices
have achieved manipulation of
terahertz waves through active
control mechanisms, becoming an
indispensable building block
in terahertz systems. In this paper, we propose a grating metasurface
that achieves high nonreciprocity of the reflection mode in the
terahertz range. The metasurface structure is composed of vanadium
dioxide and amorphous chalcogenide glass with grooves. Under nonlinear
effects, the nonreciprocal reflectance of the proposed structure has
been effectively improved, reaching up to 24.17 dB at a
terahertz intensity of . It can dynamically adjust the
nonreciprocal reflection performance by changing the input intensity
of terahertz waves. This device achieves nonreciprocal transmission in
the reflection mode without any external bias, which is beneficial for
the development of terahertz-integrated nonreciprocal devices.
Comparison of anonymization techniques regarding statistical reproducibility
Authors: Pau David , Bachot Camille , Monteil Charles , Vinet Laetitia , Boucher Mathieu , Sella Nadir , Jegou Romain 
Published: February 2025

Background
Anonymization opens up innovative ways of using secondary data without the requirements of the GDPR, as anonymized data does not affect anymore the privacy of data subjects. Anonymization requires data alteration, and this project aims to compare the ability of such privacy protection methods to maintain reliability and utility of scientific data for secondary research purposes.

Methods
The French data protection authority (CNIL) defines anonymization as a processing activity that consists of using methods to make impossible any identification of people by any means in an irreversible manner. To answer project’s objective, a series of analyses were performed on a cohort, and reproduced on four sets of anonymized data for comparison. Four assessment levels were used to evaluate impact of anonymization: level 1 referred to the replication of statistical outputs, level 2 referred to accuracy of statistical results, level 3 assessed data alteration (using Hellinger distances) and level 4 assessed privacy risks (using WP29 criteria).

Results
87 items were produced on the raw cohort data and then reproduced on each of the four anonymized data. The overall level 1 replication score ranged from 67% to 100% depending on the anonymization solution. The most difficult analyses to replicate were regression models (sub-score ranging from 78% to 100%) and survival analysis (sub-score ranging from 0% to 100. The overall level 2 accuracy score ranged from 22% to 79% depending on the anonymization solution. For level 3, three methods had some variables with different probability distributions (Hellinger distance = 1). For level 4, all methods had reduced the privacy risk of singling out, with relative risk reductions ranging from 41% to 65%.

Conclusion
None of the anonymization methods reproduced all outputs and results. A trade-off has to be find between context risk and the usefulness of data to answer the research question.
Clinical manifestations associated with the chronic phase of Chikungunya Fever: A systematic review of prevalence
Authors: Santiago Raphael Augusto , Bavaresco Suelen Pereira Priante , Citrangulo Sheyla Goulart , Medronho Roberto de Andrade , Sampaio Vanderson , Costa Antônio José Leal 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
The aim of this systematic review of prevalence is to observe and discuss the clinical manifestations of Chikungunya Virus disease in its chronic phase.

Methods
To be eligible, the observational studies should accompany the individuals for at least six months. The research was conducted using electronic databases MEDLINE and EMBASE. The methodological quality was evaluated using the “Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data” tool.

Results
The search has found 175 articles. The application of the inclusion criteria defined a total of 29 selected studies. From the included studies, only one did not present arthralgia as a prevalent symptom in the chronic phase. Other signs and symptoms observed were: fatigue; sleep disorders; myalgia; skin lesions; depression; digestive disorders.

Conclusion
Because it is an often incapacitating symptom, arthralgia can affect the individuals’ quality of life, with implications in their social and work life. Since the chronic phase is common in infected individuals, all levels of health care should be prepared to monitor, in the medium to long term, the patients affected by this condition.
Temporal shifts in dengue epidemic in Guangdong Province before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Bayesian model study from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Xu Jiaqing , Tan Xiaohua , Quan Yi , Gong Dexin , Deng Hui , Zhao Jianguo , Huang Xing , Zhang Yingtao , Ren Zhoupeng , Rong Zuhua , Zeng Weilin , Li Xing , Zheng Wenyuan , Xiao Shu , Xiao Jianpeng , Zhang Meng 
Published: February 2025

Background
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the implementation of public health intervention measures have reshaped the transmission patterns of other infectious diseases. We aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue in Guangdong Province, China, and to investigate the temporal shifts in dengue epidemic in Guangdong Province during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Based on the data of dengue reported cases, meteorological factors, and mosquito vector density in Guangdong Province from 2012 to 2022, wavelet analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between the dengue incidence in Southeast Asian (SEA) countries and the local dengue incidence in Guangdong Province. We constructed the dengue importation risk index to assess the monthly risk of dengue importation. Based on the counterfactual framework, we constructed the Bayesian structural time series (BSTS) model to capture the epidemic trends of dengue.

Results
Wavelet analysis showed that the local dengue incidence in Guangdong Province was in phase correlation with the dengue incidence of the prior month in relative SEA countries. The dengue importation risk index showed an increasing trend from 2012 to 2019, then decreased to a low level during the COVID-19 pandemic. From 2020 to 2022, the average annual number of reported imported cases and local cases of dengue in Guangdong Province were 26 and 2, respectively, with a decrease of 95.62% and 99.94% compared to the average during 2017-2019 (594 imported cases and 3,118 local cases). According to BSTS model estimates, 6557 local dengue cases may have been reduced in Guangdong Province from 2020 to 2022, with a relative reduction of 99.91% (95%CI: 98.85-99.99%).

Conclusion
The incidence of dengue in Guangdong notably declined from 2020 to 2022, which may be related to the co-benefits of COVID-19 intervention measures and the intensified interventions against dengue during that period. Furthermore, our findings further supported that dengue is not currently endemic in Guangdong.