bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed Immune Response Upon Injury in Diabetic Wounds Impedes Healing
Authors: Dhanraj Priyanka , Boodhoo Kiara , van de Vyver Mari 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic wounds are a severe complication of diabetes. Dysregulated inflammatory signalling is thought to underly the poor healing outcomes. Yet, there is little information available on the acute response following injury and its impact on healing.MethodsUsing a murine full thickness excisional wound model, the current study therefore assessed the expression of pro‐inflammatory and pro‐resolving lipid mediators during the early stages post injury in acute and diabetic wounds and compared the timeframe for transitioning through the phases of healing. Tissue eicosanoid (LTB4, PGE2, TxA2, MaR1, RvE1, RvD1, PD) and MMP‐9 levels were assessed at 6 h post wounding using ELISAs. Wound closure, healing dynamics (histology), cellular infiltration and MPO, TNF‐α expression (IHC) were assessed at 6 h, day2, day7 post wounding.ResultsEicosanoid expression did not differ between groups (LTB4 24–125 pg/mL, PGE2 63–177 pg/mL, TxA2 529–1184 pg/mL, MaR1 365–2052 pg/mL, RvE1 43–1157 pg/mL, RvD1 1.5–69 pg/mL, PD1 11.5–4.9 ng/mL). An inverse relationship (p < 0.05) between MMP‐9 and eicosanoids were however only evident in acute and not in diabetic wounds. Diminished cellular infiltration (x5 fold) (p < 0.05) in diabetic wounds coincided with a significant delay in the expression of TNF‐α (pro‐inflammatory cytokine) and MPO (neutrophil marker). A significant difference in the expression of TNF‐α (C 1.8 ± 0.6; DM 0.7 ± 0.1 MFI) and MPO (C 4.9 ± 1.9; DM 0.9 ± 0.4 MFI) (p < 0.05) was observed as early as 6 h post wounding, with histology parameters supporting the notion that the onset of the acute inflammatory response is delayed in diabetic wounds.ConclusionThese observations imply that the immune cells are unresponsive to the initial eicosanoid expression in the diabetic wound tissue.
Fiscal Rules, Independent Fiscal Institutions and Sovereign Risk: Evidence From the European Union
Authors: Căpraru Bogdan , Georgescu George , Sprincean Nicu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the effects of fiscal rules (FRs) and independent fiscal institutions (IFIs) on sovereign risk. To address potential endogeneity issues, we employ the System Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) estimator in an analysis comprising 24 European Union member states throughout the 2007–2019 period. Our results indicate that FRs are effective in mitigating sovereign default risk, as measured by credit default swap (CDS) spreads on sovereign bonds. In addition, we document that Member States with better numerical compliance rates with European Union fiscal rules have lower sovereign CDS spreads and thus lower risk. By overseeing and fostering compliance with numerical fiscal targets and enhancing the transparency of the budgetary process, IFIs exert a beneficial impact on the probability of sovereign default, particularly those subject to institutional reforms. Furthermore, more developed financial markets supported by both FRs and IFIs contribute to a reduction in sovereign CDS premiums. Our findings have critical policy implications against the backdrop of European economic and fiscal governance reform.
The effectiveness of a cesarean delivery bundle with vaginal preparation, cefazolin, and azithromycin in reducing postoperative infections: A before‐and‐after study
Authors: Cohen Gal , Schreiber Hanoch , Amer Yakin , Shalev‐Ram Hila , Eliner Or , Biron‐Shental Tal , Kovo Michal 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a cesarean delivery (CD) bundle including preoperative vaginal preparation, cefazolin and azithromycin administration, compared with cefazolin alone, in reducing postoperative infections, among women undergoing CD during the second stage of labor.MethodsIn August 2016, our departmental protocol for preventing infectious morbidity in second‐stage CD was revised from preoperative intravenous 2 g cefazolin alone, to preoperative intravenous 2 g cefazolin, intravenous 500 mg azithromycin, and vaginal cleansing with povidone‐iodine. In this before‐and‐after study, the medical records of women who underwent CD during the second stage of labor were reviewed, comparing two time periods: January 2014 to August 2016 (control group, cefazolin alone) and November 2016 to January 2021 (CD bundle group). Obstetric characteristics, postoperative infections, and neonatal outcomes were compared between groups. Composite infectious morbidity was defined as one or more of: endometritis, surgical‐site infection (SSI), abscess, urinary tract infection, and postpartum fever.ResultsDuring the study period, there were 5265 intrapartum CD, among them 457 were during the second stage of labor. The CD bundle group (n = 331) had lower rates of endometritis, SSI, and composite infectious morbidity compared with the control group (n = 126, 1.2% vs. 4.8%, P = 0.030; 3.0% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.049, 6.9% vs. 14.3%, P = 0.014, respectively). Neonatal outcomes did not differ between groups. Multivariable regression analysis adjusted for confounders revealed that the CD bundle reduced the risk for the composite infectious outcome, with adjusted odds ratio 0.08 (95% confidence interval 0.01–0.50).ConclusionsIn second‐stage CD, adding preoperative azithromycin and vaginal cleansing to cefazolin was efficacious in reducing postoperative infections.
Epidemiological Features and Evolutionary Analysis of Recombinant CVA24v in the Context of a Re‐Emerging AHC Outbreak in China, 2023
Authors: Zhou Lei , Guo Qin , Yu Liheng , Chen Wei , Chen Haiyun , Zhou Xiaofang , Li Jianxiong , Yang Tingting , Cong Ruyi , Liu Ying , Xiao Jinbo , Lu Huanhuan , Xiao Mengyi , Li Fan , Zhang Yong , Yan Dongmei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTChina experienced another outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) in 2023, with a total of 195 297 recorded cases. This marks the third nationwide outbreak in nearly two decades, following previous outbreaks in 2007 and 2010. Descriptive epidemiological analysis shows that the number of cases in 2023 peaked in September, similar to the last two outbreaks. The age groups with the highest incidence rate of the three outbreaks in 2007, 2010, and 2023 are 15–20, 10–15, and 10–15 years old, respectively. Students are the main occupational group in the three outbreaks. Hainan, Guangxi, and Guangdong were the top three regions with high incidence rates in the three outbreaks. In 2023, the incidence rate in Hainan Province is the highest ever. Pathogenetic analyses show that the pathogens isolated during the 2023 outbreak were identified as the GIV genotype of CVA24v. Seven different recombination patterns were identified in the recombination analysis of the Chinese strains in 2023 and representative strains of global outbreaks since 1988. These patterns mainly involved the recombination signals of EV‐C96 and PV in the 5′ untranslated region and 3C and 3D regions. Although recombination events of CVA24v are rarely reported, its recombination was consistently present through systematic analysis in this study. This study comprehensively analyzed the 2023 AHC re‐emerging data and isolated CVA24v sequences, providing valuable data for future CVA24v molecular epidemiology studies.
Continuous Tracking for Effective Tackling: Ad5/35 Platform‐Based JN1 Lineage Vaccines Development in Response to Evolving SARS‐CoV‐2 Variants
Authors: Chang Soojeong , Shin Jieun , Park Seowoo , Park Hyemin , Kim Jong Heon , Kim Tae Wan , Jung In Kyung , Song Boyeong , Shin Kwang‐Soo , Park Bongju , Kim Seo‐Yeon , Jeon Ji Hyang , Yeo Jinah , Lee Tae‐Young , Kang Chang‐Yuil 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe SARS‐CoV‐2 virus is continuously evolving, such that JN.1 and its subvariants, including KP.2, KP.3, and LB.1, are now predominant variants globally. JN.1 is derived from BA.2.86, which harbors more than 30 mutations in the spike protein compared with those of XBB and BA.2, and it carries an additional L455S mutation. Given the rapid evolution of these variants, assessing the neutralization capacity of current JN.1 lineage vaccines against prevalent variants, such as KP.3, is critical. Phylogenetic trees using spike protein sequences and antigenic cartography based on neutralization results reveal that JN.1 lineage variants are antigenically distant from previously circulating variants. Moreover, JN.1 subvariants showed inadequate neutralization titers compared with other variants against XBB.1.5‐containing vaccine in mice. Immunization with vaccines targeting the JN.1, KP.2, KP.3, and LB.1 variants demonstrated significant neutralizing activity against predominant variants in mice. These results highlight the importance of vaccine development to keep pace with the evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and the need for updated vaccines targeting the JN.1 variant.
Characterising Local Flood‐Inducing Heavy Rainfall Through Daily Weather Types and Large‐Scale Climatic Patterns: Aotearoa New Zealand Study Case
Authors: Pozo Andrea , Wilson Matthew , Katurji Marwan , Cagigal Laura , Méndez Fernando J. , Lane Emily 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFlooding is the most frequent natural hazard in Aotearoa New Zealand and the second most costly after earthquakes. It will change in frequency and intensity, becoming more extreme as climate change impacts are realised. The main inundation driver is heavy rainfall. In this study, flood‐inducing heavy rainfall is characterised locally by applying synoptic climatological techniques, using the study case of Aotearoa New Zealand. Extending on previous work in the field, a new set of 49 daily weather types (DWTs) is proposed for New Zealand, based on mean sea level pressure (MLSP) and 500 hPa geopotential height (500GH) (predictor variables). The role of the DWTs, the large‐scale climatic patterns (LSCPs) known to influence rainfall variability, and the wind conditions (as an additional explanatory variable since they play an essential role in the development of these events) as heavy rainfall and flooding (predictand variables) drivers is investigated using the Wairewa catchment (Little River, Canterbury) as the study site. Heavy rainfall is represented through its temporal and spatial features, based on two rainfall datasets (a rain gauge and a gridded product obtained by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical model). Useful relationships are found between the predictor and the predictand variables. Also, the predictor variables' temporal variability (interannual and intra‐annual variability, seasonality) plays a key role, translating to the temporal variability of heavy rainfall and flooding. The proposed synoptic climatological approach provides qualitative and quantitative value, displaying the range of weather and climatic configurations leading to different types of storms and flooding and helping in their identification and understanding.
A new dynamic distribution model for Antarctic krill reveals interactions with their environment, predators, and the commercial fishery in the south Scotia Sea region
Authors: Freer Jennifer J. , Warwick‐Evans Victoria , Skaret Georg , Krafft Bjørn A. , Fielding Sophie , Trathan Philip N. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe management strategy for the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) fishery is being revised. A key aim is to spatially and temporally allocate catches in a manner that minimizes impacts to both the krill stock and dependent predators. This process requires spatial information on the distribution and abundance of krill, yet gaps exist for an important fishing area surrounding the South Orkney Islands in the south Scotia Sea. To fill this need, we create a dynamic distribution model for krill in this region. We used data from a spatially and temporally consistent acoustic survey (2011–2020) and year‐specific environmental covariates within a two‐part hurdle model. The model successfully captured observed spatial and temporal patterns in krill density. The covariates found to be most important included distance from shelf break, distance from summer sea ice extent, and salinity. The northern and eastern shelf edges of the South Orkney Islands were areas of consistently high krill density and displayed strong spatial overlap between intense fishing activity and foraging chinstrap penguins. High mean krill density was also linked to oceanographic features located within the Weddell Sea. Our data suggest that years in which these features were closer to the South Orkney shelf were also years of positive Southern Annular Mode and higher observed krill densities. Our findings highlight existing fishery–predator–prey overlap in the region and support the hypothesis that Weddell Sea oceanography may play a role in transporting krill into this region. These results will feed into the next phase of krill fisheries management assessment.
Pharmacological Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Huntington's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Andriessen Ruben L. , Oosterloo Mayke , Molema Jory , Daemen Maud M.J. , Linden David E.J. , Leentjens Albert F.G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundStudies focusing on the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Huntington's disease (HD) are scarce and show a wide variation in design, outcome measures and methodological quality. The effectiveness of pharmacological treatment of NPS in HD has not been systematically reviewed so far.ObjectiveTo provide an overview of the available literature on the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment of NPS in HD.MethodsPubMed and the Cochrane library were systematically searched for studies assessing the effects of pharmacotherapy of NPS, both as a primary and as secondary outcome. A risk of bias assessment was performed for each article.ResultsFifteen articles qualified for critical evaluation: 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (five placebo‐controlled and five cross‐over) and five open label studies. One RCT reported improvement of the overall NPS with nabilone treatment; another RCT reported that fluoxetine slightly improved irritability. Lower‐level evidence from open studies suggests that the atypical antipsychotics cariprazine, olanzapine and risperidone may improve overall NPS, and that cariprazine, venlafaxine XR and olanzapine may improve depression. In addition, olanzapine may improve obsessive thoughts, aggression, anxiety and irritability.ConclusionsWe conclude that although NPS in HD are common, hardly any clinical trials have addressed their treatment. As a result, convincing evidence that could guide clinical practice is lacking. More focused, and larger, multicenter trials focusing on NPS are urgently needed to generate the knowledge necessary to support the development of evidence‐based clinical treatment guidelines.
Theoretical Studies on the EPR Parameters and Local Structures for the Orthorhombic and Tetragonal Cu2+ Centers in Cu1−xHxZr2(PO4)3
Authors: Zhao Xiaojian , Liang Yan , Tian Ruizhen , Li Guijin , Zhou Xilin , Zhou Zifa , Zhang Xiaolan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe defect structures of the orthorhombical and tetragonal Cu2+ centers in Cu1−xHxZr2(PO4)3 are theoretically studied by analyzing their experimental electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) parameters, based on the perturbation formulas of these parameters for a 3d9 ion in orthorhombically and tetragonally elongated octahedra, respectively. The above centers are attributed to the Cu2+ ions locating at M(1) site, and the crystal field parameters (CFPs) are quantitatively determined from the superposition model and the local structures of the Cu2+ sites. Based on the calculation, the parallel Cu‐O bonds may undergo the relative elongations ΔZO (≈ 0.113 Å) and ΔZT (≈ 0.102 Å) for the orthorhombical and tetragonal Cu2+ centers in Cu1−xHxZr2(PO4)3 along z‐axis, respectively. Meanwhile, the planar Cu‐O bonds are found to experience the relative variation δr (≈ 0.056 Å) along the x‐ and y‐axes for the orthorhombical Cu2+ center because of the Jahn–Teller (JT) effect. The theoretical EPR parameters based on the above local structures agree well with the observed values.
Homemade formulas for nutrition support in chronic kidney disease: A narrative review of the opportunity for education, research, and innovation
Authors: Kistler Brandon M. , Biruete Annabel , Wong Michelle M. Y. , Wang Angela Yee‐Moon , Martin‐del‐Campo Fabiola , Nerbass Fabiana B. , Hardy Anna , Zhu Qiwei , Khor Ban‐Hock , Vincent Lloyd , Ebrahim Zarina , Figueiredo Ana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractProtein‐energy wasting is common in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in those undergoing kidney replacement therapy. Oral nutrition supplements and enteral nutrition are strategies that have been shown to improve nutrition status, and potentially outcomes. However, access to specialized commercial products for people with CKD is limited by factors including cost and regional availability. Homemade formulas represent a potentially cheaper, accessible, and more flexible option than commercial products, but they come with their own unique set of challenges. Furthermore, some aspects of homemade products, including consistency of nutrients, physical properties, and food safety, may pose challenges in the context of physiological changes that occur in CKD. Despite evidence of their use in CKD clinics, there have been few studies using homemade formulas in this population. This narrative review article summarizes the available literature on the potential usage, benefits, and concerns related to homemade formulas, emphasizing the unique challenges in people with CKD. Given the potential usage and limited research on homemade formulas in people with CKD, additional education and research are warranted to optimize the use of these tools in this clinical population.
Mitigating BGP Route Leaks With Attributes and Communities: A Stopgap Solution for Path Plausibility
Authors: Höger Nils , Rodday Nils , Dreo Rodosek Gabi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is known to have serious security vulnerabilities. One of these vulnerabilities is BGP route leaks. A BGP route leak describes the propagation of route announcements beyond their intended scope, violating the Gao‐Rexford model. Route leaks may lead to traffic misdirection, causing performance issues and potential security risks, often due to mistakes and misconfiguration. Several potential solutions have been published and are currently greatly discussed within the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) but have yet to be widely implemented. One approach is the Autonomous System Provider Authorization (ASPA). In addition to these new approaches, there are also efforts to use existing BGP functionalities to detect and prevent route leaks. In this paper, we implement the Down Only (DO) Community and Only to Customer (OTC) Attribute approaches, using them isolated and in conjunction with ASPA. Our research indicates that implementing a DO/OTC deployment strategy focusing on well‐interconnected ASes could significantly reduce route leaks. Specifically, we observed mitigation of over 98% of all route leaks when DO and OTC were deployed by the top 5% of the most connected ASes. We show that combining DO/OTC and ASPA can greatly enhance ASPA's route leak prevention capabilities.
Cooperative Adaptive Consensus Tracking Control for Multiple Wheeled Mobile Robot Systems With Model Uncertainties and External Disturbances
Authors: Sha Hongsheng , Guo Rong‐Wei , Zhu Xiaojin , Miao Zhonghua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a novel robust consensus control method for multiple nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots (MNWMRs). The method involves developing a dynamic sliding mode tracker based on the Average Dwell Time (ADT) technique, which tracks the velocity state onto the kinematic auxiliary vector through torque control. While the communication topologies are randomly switched to achieve consensus control of virtual trajectories by the controlled robots. Furthermore, considering the influence of strong external disturbances and nonlinear dynamic uncertainties in the system, two control methods, Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimator (UDE) and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBF NN), are combined. The former is used to ensure the robustness of the closed‐loop system, and the latter improves its adaptability accordingly. Moreover, a new filter is developed for sinusoidal external disturbances with measurable angular frequency, leading to the asymptotic convergence of disturbance error towards the origin. Then, the stability analysis of the corresponding closed‐loop control systems is then performed by the use of Lyapunov analysis. Finally, the simulation examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the designed control strategy.
3D‐Printed High‐Entropy Alloy Nanoarchitectures
Authors: Ai Jingui , Liu Shirong , Zhang Yueqi , Han Yaochen , Liu Bingyan , Yin Yuxiang , Ma Houyu , Feng Jicheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSystem miniaturization is a key driver in developing nanoelectromechanical systems, sensors, and microchips. To enhance reliability and extend operational lifetimes, high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) have emerged as promising materials due to their exceptional mechanical robustness and thermal stability. These advantageous properties are predominantly demonstrated in bulk HEA forms; however, research on small‐dimensional HEAs is largely confined to nanoparticles, nanopillars, and thin films, limiting their broader applications in nanodevice systems. This study introduces nanoarchitectured HEAs that exhibit remarkable mechanical and thermal properties. Using a custom‐designed 3D nanoprinter, HEA nanoparticles are printed in situ into complex nanoarchitectures, enabling flexible elemental combinations and freeform 3D geometries. Structural dimensions and grain size are precisely controlled as design parameters to synergistically leverage the benefits of alloying, size scaling, and architectural design. The resulting 3D‐printed HEA nanoarchitectures demonstrate ultrahigh strength (≈4 GPa), outstanding toughness, and exceptional thermal stability. These properties position nano‐architectured HEAs as a novel class of materials suitable for high‐stress, high‐toughness applications in small‐dimensional devices. By combining the versatility of 3D nanoprinting with the expansive alloy design space of HEAs, this approach paves the way for their potential integration into future nanodevices.
Deprotonation‐Constructed Instant Gelation Coating for Staphylococcus Disinfection and Preservation of Fresh Food in Multiple Scenarios
Authors: Guan Wei , Liu Xiangmei , Zhu Shengli , Li Zhaoyang , Jiang Hui , Cui Zhenduo , Zheng Yufeng , Wu Shuilin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe ancient proverb “disease enters through the mouth” elucidates the connection between food and pathogens, underscoring the pivotal role of food preservation in preventing foodborne diseases. Drawing inspiration from ancient food preservation techniques such as waxing and the use of spices, a novel approach combining the deprotonation‐induced solid–liquid phase separation of natural polymer solutions with the solubilization of plant–derived antibacterial compounds has been developed. The “two‐step soaking” construction strategy enables the creation of biodegradable and adaptable for hydrogel coatings with micro‐scale thickness. These multifunctional coatings can be applied to the surfaces of fresh fruits, vegetables, and meats in 35 s, providing both moisture retention and antioxidant protection. The coating's versatility allows for the targeted can achieve the elimination of various Staphylococcus and other bacterial strains through the selection of bactericides with differing antibacterial mechanisms. The scalability of this approach offers significant potential for broad applications in sterilization and food preservation in across diverse contexts.