bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes, Sport und Bewegung
Authors: Esefeld Katrin , Kress Stephan , Behrens Meinolf , Zimmer Peter , Stumvoll Michael , Thurm Ulrike , Gehr Bernhard , Halle Martin , Brinkmann Christian 
Published: December 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBewegung ist für alle Formen des Diabetes mellitus eine der wichtigsten Maßnahmen, die Gesundheit zu erhalten. Regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität, möglichst uniform und täglich, kann vergleichbare Stoffwechseleffekte induzieren und somit die Glukoseregulation langfristig optimieren. Dabei ist die konkrete Blutzuckerantwort jedes Einzelnen abhängig von vielen Faktoren und muss bei Neubeginn von sportlicher Aktivität durch regelmäßige Blutzuckermessungen sowohl während als auch bis zu 12 h nach der Aktivität erfasst werden. Um bei älteren Menschen Erfolg zu haben, müssen Bewegungsprogramme deren körperliche Fähigkeiten, altersbedingten Leistungsabbau und krankheitsbedingte Beeinträchtigungen berücksichtigen. Die Nutzung von Geräten zur kontinuierlichen Glukosemessung (CGM) mit und ohne Insulinpumpentherapie hat viele Patienten in die Lage versetzt, die metabolische Kontrolle bei Bewegung und Sport besser zu überwachen, zu kontrollieren und zu optimieren. Die individuelle Blutzuckerreaktion auf verschiedene körperliche Belastungen ist mittels CGM leichter erlernbar, und Hypoglykämien sind früher vorhersag- und behandelbar. Ausdauerorientierte Bewegungsprogramme sollen primär die aerobe Kapazität steigern und sind aufgrund der positiven metabolischen und kardiopulmonalen Effekte eine gute Trainingsart. Auch ein Krafttraining für die großen Muskelgruppen kann (zusätzlich) empfohlen werden, da die Kraftbelastungen zu einer Zunahme der Muskel- und somit fettfreien Masse führen, resultierend in einer verbesserten Insulinresistenz. Zusätzlich sollte die Alltagsaktivität (Treppensteigen, Spazierengehen, Gartenarbeit etc.) gesteigert werden.
Update zur Navigation im OP-Saal
Authors: Wise Philipp Anthony , Studier-Fischer Alexander , Hackert Thilo , Nickel Felix 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie chirurgische Navigation, auch als computerunterstützte oder bildgeführte Chirurgie bezeichnet, ist eine Technik, die eine Vielzahl von Methoden wie 3-D-Bildgebung, Tracking-Systeme, spezialisierte Software und Robotik einsetzt oder als Plattform nutzt, um Chirurgen während chirurgischen Eingriffen zu unterstützen. Diese neuen Technologien zielen darauf ab, nicht nur die Genauigkeit und Präzision chirurgischer Eingriffe zu erhöhen, sondern auch weniger invasive Ansätze zu ermöglichen, mit dem Ziel, Komplikationen zu reduzieren und die operativen Ergebnisse für Patienten zu verbessern. Durch die Integration aufkommender digitaler Technologien verspricht die chirurgische Navigation komplexe Eingriffe in verschiedenen medizinischen Disziplinen zu unterstützen. In den letzten Jahren hat das Gebiet der chirurgischen Navigation bedeutende Fortschritte gemacht. Die abdominelle chirurgische Navigation, insbesondere Endoskopie und laparoskopische sowie robotergestützte Chirurgie,
durchläuft derzeit eine Phase rascher Entwicklung. Schwerpunkte sind bildgestützte Navigation, Instrumentenverfolgung sowie die mögliche Integration von erweiterter und gemischter Realität (Augmented Reality, AR; Mixed Reality, MR). Dieser Artikel wird sich eingehend mit den neuesten Entwicklungen in der chirurgischen Navigation befassen, von modernsten intraoperativen Technologien wie hyperspektraler und fluoreszierender Bildgebung bis hin zur Integration präoperativer radiologischer Bildgebung im intraoperativen Setting.
Chronic subdural haematoma: a case series of uncommon presentations of a common disease
Authors: Ajoku Uchenna , Iroegbu-Emeruem Linda 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chronic subdural haematoma is a common neurological condition especially among the elderly population. Its presentation can be unspecific but often attributed to pressure, cortical irritation, and/or vascular compromise. In the patients’ cohort presented below, we have a series of cases where clinical history and examination did not result in an initial clinical diagnosis or suspicion of chronic subdural haematoma, with the diagnosis made only after brain imaging. We reviewed the literature regarding the aetiopathogenesis and clinical features of our patient cohort, which included a young woman with isolated right ptosis and pupillary dilatation, an elderly man with paraplegia, another elderly man with isolated right foot drop, and a young military man with no history of trauma. Our series re-emphasizes the sometimes non-specific and varied clinical presentation of chronic subdural haematoma. We reiterate the need for early brain imaging in patients who present with neurological disorder.
A case of large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the bladder
Authors: Zare Ali , Aminirad Omid , Binesh Fariba , Jafaripoor Elahe , Moloudi Farzad , Narouie Behzad , Ahmadzade Mohadese 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the urinary bladder is an extremely rare and aggressive neoplasm. We present a unique case of painless gross hematuria and a past surgical history of cystolithotomy. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor, which revealed high-grade urothelial cell carcinoma with lamina propria involvement. Subsequent radical cystoprostatectomy with orthotopic neobladder urinary diversion and pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed, and the postoperative pathologic examination indicated large-cell undifferentiated. This case report highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and management for this rare malignancy and adds to the limited existing literature on Large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma.
The value of hypersensitivity quantitative fecal immunochemical test in early colorectal cancer detection
Authors: Jiang Lianghong , Xu Fen , Feng Weiwei , Fu Chen , Zhou Changjiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
At present, both the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer are on the rise, making early screening a crucial tool in reducing the fatality rate. Although colonoscopy is the recommended method according to the guidelines, compliance tends to be poor. The fecal immunochemical test (FIT), a new technology that uses latex immunoturbidimetry to detect fecal blood, offers high specificity and sensitivity. Additionally, it is low-cost, easy to operate, and less likely to be affected by food and drugs, thus improving the compliance rate for population screening. Compared to other screening techniques, FIT represents a safer and more accurate option. This article reviews the application of FIT in early colorectal cancer screening.
ICICI Lombard’s predicament post-acquisition of Bharti AXA
Authors: Pandey Maya Vimal , Sahay Arunaditya , Chattoraj Abhijit Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Learning outcomes
The objective of writing this case study is to allow management students to engage with the complexities of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in the insurance sector in an emerging economy like India. Upon completion of this case study, the students will be able to critically evaluate the business environment of the insurance sector of a developing economy like India, analyse the impact of M&As on the insurance industry of India, appraise the post-merger consequences and strategies to deal with these consequences, assess the applicability of market power and growth theories in the context of M&As and develop a strategic action plan for handling post-merger challenges.

Case overview/synopsis
On 3 September 2021, the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) approved the “Scheme” related to the merger of the non-life insurance division of Bharti AXA General Insurance Company Limited (“Bharti AXA”) with ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company Limited (“ICICI Lombard”). Earlier, on 21 August 2020, the boards of the companies had approved entering into definitive agreements through a scheme of arrangement. The merger received approvals from different regulatory bodies as mandated (Gandhi et al., 2023). Bhargav Dasgupta, managing director and Chief Executive Officer of ICICI Lombard, stated, “This is a landmark step in the journey of ICICI Lombard, and we are confident that this transaction would be value accretive for our shareholders” (FE Bureau, 2020). However, the merger posed a dilemma for Dasgupta and the management regarding crop insurance owing to its impact on profitability. Crop insurance historically had high claim ratios nearing 135% for ICICI Lombard for financial year 2018. The company ceased to underwrite this product from 2019 onwards (TNN, 2019). However, ICICI Lombard had to fulfil the three-year commitment made by Bharti AXA to the state governments of Maharashtra and Karnataka towards crop insurance. It was a scheme initiated by the Government of India, covering farmers against losses due to cyclonic rains, rainfall deficits and other unforeseen calamities. Dasgupta faced a challenge in managing the interests of the farmers and the company’s shareholders while balancing profitability, which had already been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This case study delves into post-merger complexities in the financial sector non-life insurance industry in emerging countries like India.

Complexity academic level
This case study is suitable for undergraduate and post-graduate management students and executives from the insurance industry.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Utilizing every grain of intellect: exploring the role of individual-level intellectual capital in linking servant leadership with innovative work behavior
Authors: Khan Muhammad Mumtaz , Mubarik Muhammad Shujaat , Ahmed Syed Saad , Islam Tahir , Rehman Shafiq Ur 
Published: December 2023

PurposeBased on social exchange and social learning theories, this study explicates the mediating role of individual-level human capital, structural capital and relational capital in linking servant leadership with the innovative work behavior (IWB) of employees.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 256 manager–employee dyads from the IT sector of Pakistan in three phases through a survey conducted two months apart.FindingsResults showed that two dimensions of individual-level intellectual capital, namely, individual-level human capital and individual-level relational capital, mediated the relationship between servant leadership and IWB, whereas individual-level structural capital did not mediate the relationship between the two variables.Originality/valueThis study confirms the relationship between servant leadership and IWB and tests the mediating role of the three facets of individual-level intellectual capital in linking servant leadership with the IWB of employees.
SDG commentary: economic services for work and growth for all humans
Authors: Subramony Mahesh , Rosenbaum Mark S. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to address United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDGs) 8 and 9 from a service perspective. SDG 8 is a call to improve the dignity of service work by enhancing wages, working conditions and development opportunities while SDG 9 calls upon nations to construct resilient infrastructures, promote inclusivity and sustainability and foster innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a bibliometric review to extract important themes from a variety of scholarly journals.

Findings
Researchers tend to investigate policy-level topics, such as national and international standards related to working conditions, while ignoring the experiences or well-being of workers occupying marginalized and low-opportunity roles in service organizations. Service researchers, educators and practitioners must collaborate to improve the state of service industries by conducting participatory action research, promoting grassroots organizing/advocacy, implementing digitized customer service and addressing workforce soft skills deficiencies.

Research limitations/implications
The authors consider how service work can be transformed into respectable employment and present four specific ways nations can enhance their service industries.

Practical implications
Economic planners can view SDGs 8 and 9 as a framework for understanding and promoting the well-being of service employees and accelerating the productivity and innovation levels of the service sector.

Originality/value
The United Nations’ SDGs are examined from a services perspective, which increases their significance in service-dominated economies.
Hunting of sika deer over six decades does not restore forest regeneration
Authors: Husheer Sean W. , Tanentzap Andrew J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

High densities of native and introduced deer hamper the regeneration of temperate forests worldwide. Sport hunting is often the sole means of deer control, but whether it can restore forest regeneration remains uncertain.

We assessed the potential to restore forest regeneration using unrestricted sport hunting alongside commercial harvesting and government‐funded culling of introduced sika deer (Cervus nippon) across a 594 km2 landscape in North Island, New Zealand. We used six decades of repeated measurements of forest regeneration and deer presence, alongside monitoring of tagged stems in a 20‐year paired exclosure experiment, to determine whether deer control restored regeneration.

In our exclosure experiment, mountain beech (Fuscospora cliffortioides) seedling and sapling density, growth and survival were variable but consistently higher when deer were excluded by fencing. Sapling counts in unfenced plots were ≈3–10 times lower after 60 years of deer control compared with unfenced plots, before sika colonisation and other mountain beech forests without sika deer. This result suggests canopy replacement remains at risk despite government‐funded culling and encouragement of sport hunting.

Individual‐based demographic models show that mountain beech is unlikely to regenerate following canopy gap formation in our study landscape unless deer impacts are reduced from current levels. These demographic models predicted present‐day forest regeneration far better than two widely used proxies of deer impact: plot‐based counts of saplings and estimates of deer densities from faecal pellet counts.

Synthesis and applications. Here, we show that intensive culling beyond that achievable by sport hunting is needed to reduce deer densities enough to assure canopy regeneration. These interventions will be necessary in the many places worldwide where sport hunting is being relied upon to protect forests but appears to be failing. Given the controversy associated with deer culling, and the need for clear evidence to justify its implementation, we suggest managers could strengthen the evidence base for their interventions by collecting data to build demographic models.
Anthropology as spiritual discipline
Authors: Luhrmann T. M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis essay invites us to understand ethnography not only as a science‐like comparative enterprise but also as a spiritual discipline. This is because ethnography enables us to imagine other ways of living in the world. The fieldwork, the writing, and even the reading of ethnographies provide people with some external perspective on themselves. Ethnography thus allows people to develop a more a nuanced sense of what, for them, should constitute the good.
Acute respiratory infections among individuals seeking outpatient care in the states of Washington and Michigan by pregnancy status, 2011–2016
Authors: Frivold Collrane , McCulloch Denise J. , Ekici Seda , Martin Emily T. , Jackson Michael L. , Chu Helen Y. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcute respiratory infections (ARIs) during pregnancy are associated with poor maternal and fetal outcomes.MethodsUsing U.S. Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Network data (2011–2016) from Washington and Michigan, we tested for respiratory viruses among pregnant and non‐pregnant outpatients matched on age, site, and season (n = 191).ResultsAmong all participants, detection of human coronaviruses and rhinovirus was common. We also observed differences in virus detection by pregnancy status; human coronaviruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were detected more frequently among pregnant and non‐pregnant participants, respectively.ConclusionsThe role of respiratory viruses in maternal ARI morbidity should be further characterized to inform implementation of prevention interventions including maternal vaccines.
Leadership practices that enable healthful cultures in clinical practice: A realist evaluation
Authors: Dickson Caroline A. W. , Merrell Joy , McIlfatrick Sonja , Westcott Liz , Gleeson Nigel , McCormack Brendan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo generate, test and refine programme theories that emerged from a rapid realist review investigating practising UK Nurses' and Midwives' experiences of effective leadership strategies during the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundThe realist review of literature generated six tentative theories of healthful leadership practices reflecting, working with people's beliefs and values; being facilitative; multiple means of communication and; practical support. The review yielded little insight into the actual impact of the leadership approaches advocated.MethodsA realist study, informed by person‐centredness using mixed‐methods. Online survey (n = 328) and semi‐structured interviews (n = 14) of nurses and midwives across the UK in different career positions/specialities. Quantitative data analysed using descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. Framework analysis for qualitative data using context (C), mechanism (M), outcome (O) configurations of the tentative theories.ResultsThree refined theories were identified concerning: Visibility and availability; embodying values and; knowing self. Healthful leadership practices are only achievable within organisational cultures that privilege well‐being.ConclusionsLeaders should intentionally adopt practices that promote well‐being. ‘Knowing self’ as a leader, coaching and mentoring practice development is important for leadership development.Implications for Clinical PracticeNurses who feel valued, heard, cared for and safe are more likely to remain in clinical practice. Job satisfaction and being motivated to practice with confidence and competence will impact positively on patient outcomes.ImpactThe study addresses the role of leadership in developing healthful workplace cultures. The main findings were six leadership practices that promote healthful cultures. The research will have an impact on strategic and clinical leaders, nurses and midwives.Reporting MethodThis study used EQUATOR checklist, RAMASES II as reporting standards for realist evaluations.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Measuring the gender wealth gap in South Africa using individual‐level data
Authors: Casale Daniela , Oyenubi Adeola 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite widespread recognition that assets are important for economic wellbeing and women's empowerment, there is limited research on gender wealth gaps in either developed or developing countries. This is largely due to the lack of individual‐level data on wealth or net worth (i.e. the value of assets less debt). Most surveys that collect information on wealth do so at the household level with only one member responding on behalf of the household, even though most assets and debts are held by individuals. In this paper, we measure the gender wealth gap for South Africa using unique individual‐level data collected in the 2017 National Income Dynamics Survey, a representative household survey covering roughly 22,000 adults. We find that men and women hold different types of assets and debt and that there is a substantial gender gap in the monetary value of their net worth, greater than the gender earnings gap recorded in the same year. In our discussion, we reflect on some of the key challenges in measuring wealth as well as remaining gaps in data collection and research.
Evaluation of the use of intranasal atipamezole to reverse the sedative effects of xylazine in dogs
Authors: Focken Alex P. , Woodsworth Jordan M. , Loewen Jennifer M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the ability of intranasal atipamezole to reverse sedative effects of xylazine in dogs.DesignProspective proof‐of‐concept study.SettingUniversity research laboratory.AnimalSix healthy, staff‐owned dogs.InterventionsDogs were sedated with 1.1 mg/kg of xylazine intravenously. The sedation score of each dog was recorded every 5 minutes until they achieved a sedation score of >13/21 for 3 readings. Once achieved, 0.3 mg/kg of atipamezole was administered intranasally using a mucosal atomization device. Sedation scores continued to be recorded every 5 minutes until successful reversal was achieved (<4/21).Measurements and Main ResultsAverage times to standing and normal wakefulness after administration of intranasal atipamezole were 6 minutes, 30 seconds and 7 minutes, 20 seconds, respectively.ConclusionsIntranasal atipamezole successfully reversed the sedation effects of xylazine. The findings of this study provide justification for future controlled prospective studies into the potential use of intranasal atipamezole in a variety of settings including exposure to xylazine in operational canines as well as bioavailability studies for optimal dosing.
Concussion Risk and Recovery in Athletes With Psychostimulant-Treated Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From the NCAA-DOD CARE Consortium
Authors: Coffman Colt A. , Gunn Brett S. , Pasquina Paul F. , McCrea Michael A. , McAllister Thomas W. , Broglio Steven P. , Moore Robert D. , Pontifex Matthew B. 
Published: December 2023

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) –related psychostimulant use in the context of concussion risk and symptom recovery. Data were obtained from the National Collegiate Athletic Association Department of Defense Grand Alliance Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (NCAA-DOD CARE) Consortium from 2014 to 2017. Relative to individuals without diagnosed ADHD (i.e., control), both ADHD diagnosis and the combination of ADHD diagnosis and psychostimulant use were associated with a greater risk of incurring a concussive injury. Following a concussive injury, ADHD diagnosis was associated with longer symptom recovery time relative to the control group. However, individuals with ADHD who use psychostimulants did not take longer to resolve symptoms than controls, suggesting that psychostimulants may have a positive influence on recovery. Regardless of time point, ADHD diagnosis was associated with an elevated number of concussion-related symptoms; however, this effect appears mitigated by having used ADHD-related psychostimulants.
Dinityrosyl Iron Complexes with Thiol-Containing Ligands as a Functionally Active “Working Form” of Nitric Oxide System in Living Organisms: A Review
Authors: Vanin A. F. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Experimental data were summarized to assume that dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) with thiol-containing ligands are an endogenous “working form” of the nitric oxide (NO) system in living organisms. DNICs can function as donors of both neutral NO molecules, which are responsible for positive regulatory effects of the NO system on various physiological and biochemical processes in humans and animals, and nitrosonium cations (NO+), which are responsible mostly for negative cytotoxic activity of the system. Special attention is paid to the finding that DNICs, especially in combination with dithiocarbamate derivatives, suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection in Syrian hamsters.