bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis from 5‐methoxypsoralen occurring in a patient with previous flucloxacillin hepatitis
Authors: Stephens Robert B , Cooper Alan 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 53‐year‐old woman with psoriasis vulgaris was treated with oral 5‐methoxypsoralen and UVA photochemotherapy. After 40 treatments over 3 months she became unwell with hepatitis attributable to the psoralen. Six years earlier she developed cholestatic hepatitis to flucloxacillin. A previous history of drug‐induced reactions should be sought before prescribing further drugs with similar adverse effects.
Wet gauze in CO2 laser resurfacing
Authors: Lee May‐Sen , Hunt Michelle , Richards Shawn 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYThe development of scanning CO2 laser systems has enabled rapid and uniform facial resurfacing in photoaged and acne scarred skin. A problem faced by the laser surgeon is making the scanner pattern produced by these lasers fit the cosmetic unit to be resurfaced. This may be achieved by the use of wet gauze to absorb the energy of the unwanted portion of the scanner pattern. The wet gauze is folded to lie along the cosmetic unit boundary and the scanner pattern rotated until it conforms to the required shape.On the eyelids, saline soaked cotton tipped applicators are used to lift the eyelashes away from the path of the laser beam. This allows treatment of the entire lower eyelid cosmetic unit without damage to the eyelashes.
Australian teledermatology: The patient, the doctor and their government
Authors: Lim Adrian C , Egerton Ian B , Shumack Stephen P 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYTelemedicine is an emerging technology within Australia. We review the historical development of telemedicine and discuss the clinical and non‐clinical issues surrounding its practice in this country. Teledermatology is one application of telemedicine. We discuss the potential impact of teledermatology on patients, doctors and third parties such as government. So far, teledermatology has received little attention from Australian dermatologists. By contrast, the Government and other organizations are showing keen interest in establishing infrastructure within this country. We believe it is time for dermatologists to become more involved in the practice and politics of telemedicine within Australia.
Curettage, electrosurgery and skin cancer
Authors: Sheridan Adam T , Dawber Rodney Pr 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYThe scientific literature is replete with reports extolling the virtues of curettage and electrosurgery in the treatment of skin disease. Published cure rates for selected skin cancers consistently equal those for other treatment modalities, including scalpel excision. Despite this, curettage is often overlooked as a first line treatment for skin cancer. We review the evidence‐based literature for patient selection criteria and curettage and electrosurgery techniques.
Tungiasis
Authors: Grunwald Marcelo H , Shai Avi , Mosovich Bernardo , Avinoach Ilana 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 24‐year‐old man developed slow‐growing lesions on subungual and plantar areas that appeared a few weeks after returning from a trip to South America. The diagnosis of tungiasis was established by microscopic examination of a lesion. Tungiasis is rarely seen in non‐endemic areas.
Human cases of cattle ringworm due to Trichophyton verrucosum in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Maslen Mary M 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYBetween 1962 and 1994, 32 isolates of Trichophyton verrucosum from cases of tinea corporis, tinea faciei and tinea capitis were referred to the Mycology Reference Laboratory of the Microbiological Diagnostic Unit at The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Patients had presented at clinics in metropolitan Melbourne and country towns in the State of Victoria, Australia. They included dairy and cattle farmers, a slaughterman who worked in an abattoir, a veterinary tutor and children who lived on farms. Many patients lived in one of the three dairy farming areas of Victoria. A few lived in the outer suburbs of Melbourne. One cattle farmer came from south‐east New South Wales. Specimens were not received for examination from animal contacts of the patients. The only patient from overseas was a boy from Lebanon. The literature recording human infections due to T. verrucosum in Australia is reviewed.
Cutaneous histiocytic lymphangitis: An unusual manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Pruim Bert , Strutton Geoffrey , Congdon Sandra , Whitehead Kevin , Donaldson Eric 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYTwo cases are presented of unusual cutaneous lesions associated with rheumatoid arthritis in underlying joints. The lesions were evanescent, erythematous and violaceous partly macular and partly indurated plaques, with a livedo‐like pattern of erythema at the edge in one case. Histological changes were identical in the two cases. The major features were dilated, dermal lymphatics containing aggregates of inflammatory cells, mainly histiocytes, with adjacent perivascular lymphoid aggregates. An appropriate name for this reaction would appear to be cutaneous histiocytic lymphangitis.
Benign melanocytic proliferative nodule within a congenital naevus
Authors: Lowes Michelle A , Norris Deborah , Whitfeld Margot 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA neonate presented with a deeply pigmented papule within a medium‐sized congenital naevus. Histologically, this proved to be a benign proliferative nodule in a congenital naevus. This case is presented to highlight the occurrence of this lesion, the main differential of which is the rare entity of true congenital melanoma.
Perineural spread in head and neck skin cancer
Authors: Veness Mj 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYPerineural spread (PNS) in the head and neck is an infrequent but aggressive manifestation of skin cancer. As such, it can provide access to the intracranial cavity. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histology with the facial and trigeminal nerves most often involved. Orbital invasion is an uncommon but devastating result of PNS located around the orbit, particularly the forehead. Diagnosis can be difficult and initial investigations are often unhelpful. Treatment should ideally be directed at preventing further spread before it develops. Adjuvant radiotherapy is often recommended. The disease may present at an advanced state within the orbit or parotid gland or even within the intracranial cavity. Clinicians need to be aware of the potential for PNS because a group of these patients will die from this potentially preventable and treatable form of metastatic skin cancer.
Defining lymphocytic vasculitis
Authors: Kossard Steven 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYVasculitis can be defined as vascular inflammation which is usually immune mediated, leading to structural and functional damage to the vessel wall. Our concept of vasculitis has been built around the events surrounding immune‐complex‐triggered leukocytoclastic vasculitis, while the role of lymphocyte mediated vasculitis remains largely undefined. This may be due to maintaining a stereotypic image of lymphocytic vasculitis as one associated with vascular necrosis, fibrin deposition and haemorrhage and merely substituting lymphocytes for neutrophils. Our understanding of lymphocytic vasculitis may be advanced by identifying the clinical settings in which such reactions may occur, such as autoimmune skin diseases sharing features with graft vs host disease, as well as recognizing that lymphocyte mediated inflammation may lead to a morphologically distinct group of vasculitides, apart from those associated with angiodestruction.Lymphocytic endovasculitis, lymphocytic lichenoid vasculitis and granulomatous vasculitis are potential examples of lymphocytic vasculitis that differ from the histological pattern seen in association with immune complex leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Ultimately, the proof that these vasculitides are examples of lymphocytic vasculitis will rest on new techniques emerging in molecular pathology that have the capacity of analysing the immunological events beyond the current limitations posed by routine histopathology.
Severe allergic contact dermatitis induced by paraphenylenediamine in paint‐on temporary ‘tattoos’
Authors: Mohamed Matheen , Nixon Rosemary 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYParaphenylenediamine (PPD) is a black dye with well known sensitizing properties. Its increasing use as a skin paint to produce temporary ‘tattoos’ has led to recent reports of allergic contact dermatitis. Hitherto, such cases of allergic contact dermatitis due to PPD have been localized to the original site of application of the skin paint. We report two cases of severe allergic reactions to paint‐on ‘tattoos’. Both of these patients had no prior history of sensitivity to PPD, although case 2 had previously used permanent hair dyes. In both cases, the primary eruption at the ‘tattoo’ site was followed within days by a generalized eruption which ultimately required treatment with oral corticosteroids, because the initially prescribed topical corticosteroids proved ineffective.
Disseminated granuloma annulare following erythema multiforme minor
Authors: Abraham Zeev , Feuerman Eleasar J , Schafer Ion , Feinmesser Meora 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 44‐year‐old woman presented with erythema multiforme minor followed by disseminated granuloma annulare 4 weeks later. The patient was not taking any medication and had no history of herpes simplex infection. Involvement of a delayed‐type hypersensitivity reaction in the pathogenesis of these two well known disorders, as suggested by immunological investigations, may explain their concurrence in our patient. The substitution of the erythema multiforme minor lesions by an eruption of disseminated granuloma annulare at the same sites suggests the possibility of a Koebner phenomenon or an isotopic response.
Pachyonychia congenita tarda
Authors: Hannaford Rodney S , Stapleton Karen 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 42‐year‐old man presented with painful toenails which were overcurved transversely and onycholytic. Examination revealed that all toenails, the thumbs and index fingers were similarly affected. In addition, he had a small area of leukokeratosis in the mouth, epidermal cysts of the scrotal skin and a small area of hyperkeratosis on the ulnar borders of his hands. His characteristic nail changes began in the great toenails at the age of 20 years. After renal transplantation at age 39, the other nails changed and he developed the features described above. His sister has overcurvature of the fifth toenails. A diagnosis of pachyonychia congenita tarda was made. His case is compared with 14 other reported cases of this rare syndrome.
Sjögren’s syndrome and granulomatous panniculitis
Authors: Tait Clare P , Yu2 Lawrence L , Rohr1 James 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYAn 83‐year‐old Cambodian woman presented with multiple painful erythematous nodules on the lower legs, forearms and wrists. Subsequent history and investigations revealed a granulomatous lobular panniculitis associated with Sjögren’s syndrome. This is a rare cutaneous association of Sjögrens syndrome with only three similar case reports in the literature.
Getting ahead of head lice
Authors: De Berker David , Sinclair Rodney 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYDermatologists are the nominal experts in the management of head lice in Australia, yet many dermatologists infrequently treat patients with this condition. Most people are managed in the community by school nurses, local council health officers, pharmacists, paediatricians or general practitioners. Only a small number will present to the dermatologist and commonly these patients will have tried a variety of treatments and failed to respond. Resistance is reported to all of the currently available insecticide treatments and this makes management of this common community‐acquired infestation more involved.
V‐Y‐S‐plasty closure of circular defects
Authors: Sheridan Adam T , Humzah Dalvi 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYStandard ellipse excision of lesions followed by direct closure results in a linear scar. Linear scar contracture may disrupt adjacent anatomy, rendering negative functional and cosmetic outcomes. This is of particular relevance when operating in the vicinity of paired or symmetrical anatomic structures. The V‐Y‐S‐plasty closure of circular defects conserves tissue and all but eliminates the need for undermining of wound edges. It is ideally suited for the closure of defects adjacent to the canthi, eyelids, eyebrows, lip commissures and nasal alae. The V‐Y‐S‐plasty is also useful for the extremities where skin is under considerable tension. The technique and our refinements are described.
Contact dermatitis to Asparagus officinalis
Authors: Rademaker Marius , Yung Anthony 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 53‐year‐old farm worker presented with a 3‐year history of an occupational allergic contact dermatitis to asparagus. The dermatitis cleared quickly with courses of systemic corticosteroids but relapsed within days of further exposure to asparagus. The genera Asparagus is made up of some 300 species. It belongs to the family Liliaceae which includes tulips, onions and garlic. Asparagus contains asparagin, coniferin and the glucoside vanillin. The allergen may be a plant growth inhibitor, 1,2,3‐Trithiane‐5‐carboxylic acid, which is present in young shoots.
Treatment of warts at the turn of the millennium
Authors: Dyall‐Smith Delwyn J 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYGunpowder may no longer be a recommended treatment for warts, but most of the therapies used in 1950 are still used to some extent now. The problems, now as then, are the multiplicity of treatment options and the lack of a cure. Several treatments popular in the past decade are discussed.
Acne vulgaris: Yesterday, today and tomorrow
Authors: Chan Jonathan J , Rohr James B 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYAcne vulgaris is one of the commonest diseases known to humanity, affecting up to 98% of all adolescents. This review examines important aspects of its epidemiology, aetiology and management in Australia in the year 2000, in comparison with a symposium in the inaugural volume of the Australian Journal of Dermatology in 1951.
Presentation of cutaneous mastocytosis in 173 children
Authors: Hannaford Rodney , Rogers Maureen 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYThis is a retrospective review of the case files and clinical photographs of 173 children diagnosed with cutaneous mastocytosis by a dermatologist in an exclusively paediatric practice. Of the 98 males and 75 females, 51% had mastocytomas, 47% had urticaria pigmentosa and three patients had diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis. Of these cases, 87% first appeared prior to or at 6 months of age. Flushing occurred in 26% of urticaria pigmentosa cases, 29% of mastocytomas and 100% of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis. Blistering was noted in 23% of urticaria pigmentosa, 31% of mastocytomas and 100% of diffuse cases. Neither symptom was noted in 59% of urticaria pigmentosa and 49% of mastocytomas. There were three cases with a positive family history. The finding of a palmar mastocytoma has only once been previously reported. Illustrated descriptions of our cases are provided.
Cheilitis caused by contact urticaria to mint flavoured toothpaste
Authors: Holmes Gary , Freeman Susanne 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 26‐year‐old woman presented with a 12‐month history of persistent dermatitis of the lips. She had failed to respond to cosmetic avoidance and therapeutic measures. Patch testing was negative, including her toothpaste and toothpaste flavours. She defied diagnosis until an acute flare followed immediately after dental treatment with a mint flavoured tooth cleaning powder. This led us to prick test her to mint leaves and this was positive. Her cheilitis settled after changing from her mint‐flavoured toothpaste. A diagnosis of contact urticaria should be considered in cases of cheilitis of unknown cause.
Cutaneous alternariosis in a cardiac transplant recipient
Authors: Gilmour Tanya K , Rytina Ed , O’Connell P Brian , Sterling Jane C. 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 55‐year‐old male cardiac transplant recipient presented with cutaneous nodules on the limbs caused by Alternaria alternata. Oral fluconazole 200 mg daily for 3 weeks was ineffective. Itraconazole 100 mg oral daily was ceased when hyperglycaemia developed. Individual lesions were successfully treated with either curettage and cautery or double freeze‐thaw cryotherapy. Alternaria spp. are ubiquitous fungal saprophytes which may cause cutaneous infections particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Multiple corticosteroid allergies
Authors: Chow Elizabeth Ty 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA case of vulval dermatitis and perioral dermatitis due to contact allergy to multiple class D corticosteroids, mometasone furoate and methylprednisolone aceponate is presented. Patch testing with commercially available corticosteroid creams is a simple and useful diagnostic test. Beware of delayed positive reaction, seen on day 8 of the repeat open application test on this patient.
RESEARCH REPORT Bexarotene capsules and gel for previously treated patients with cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: Results of the Australian patients treated on phase II trials
Authors: Prince H Miles , McCormack Christopher , Ryan Gail , Baker Christopher , Rotstein Harvey , Davison Jill , Yocum Richard 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYBexarotene (Targretin®, LGD1069) is a novel synthetic retinoid analogue that binds selectively to retinoid X receptors. We describe eight previously treated patients who entered phase II international multicentre studies examining the role of bexarotene in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. Patients received either the oral formulation (n = 7) or the topical gel (n = 1). Of the seven patients who received 300 mg/m2per day capsules, five (71%) achieved a partial response, with mean time to onset of response of 27 days (range, 20–29) with responses persisting for a mean of 92 days (range, 57–115). The single patient receiving the topical preparation (stage IB) remains in partial response at 31 months. The major toxicity with oral administration was hypertriglyceridaemia requiring therapy. Bexarotene capsules and gel are active and generally well‐tolerated agents in patients with cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma and studies examining its role in previously untreated patients or as part of combination therapy are warranted.
CASE REPORT Treatment of refractory hand warts by isolated limb infusion with melphalan and actinomycin D
Authors: Damian Diona L , Barnetson Ross St C , Rose Barbara R , Bonenkamp Johannes J , Thompson John F 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYWe present an immunocompetent man with extensive warts on the hands, refractory to a number of conventional treatment modalities and causing substantial morbidity and impairment of normal function. Isolated limb infusion (regional intra‐arterial chemotherapy) with melphalan and actinomycin D was performed, with substantial clearing of the warts within 2 months. Treatment‐induced morbidity was limited to mild local erythema and oedema which resolved within 3 weeks. After 9 months’ follow up, the patient had only a few residual warts and was able to resume normal activities.
CASE REPORT Therapeutic undermining of scars (Subcision®)
Authors: Goodman Greg J 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYTwo patients are described with depressed atrophic scars. The first patient had undergone skeletal traction around the knee and the second patient developed an apparent anetoderma of the left side of the nose. Dermal undermining was performed as the only treatment with successful resolution of their contour abnormalities. Only a single treatment session was required in each case. A brief review of this technique is presented.
CASE REPORT Bullous pemphigoid induced by cephalexin
Authors: Czechowicz Romuald T , Reid Catherine M , Warren Lachlan J , Weightman Warren , Whitehead Fergus J 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYTwo young men developed severe bullous eruptions with a distinctive clinical picture of severe flexural involvement and extensive mucosal ulceration. Biopsies showed subepidermal bullae and associated inflammation consisted of predominantly neutrophils. Both had IgG and C3 staining of the dermal‐epidermal junction on direct immunofluorescence. Bullous pemphigoid was diagnosed on the basis of clinical, histopathological and immunofluorescence findings. Both cases occurred after recent ingestion of cephalexin. We believe they represent the first reported cases of bullous pemphigoid induced by cephalexin.
SIGNS, SYNDROMES AND DIAGNOSES Cutaneous spectrum of coeliac disease
Authors: Poon E , Nixon R 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYCoeliac disease is characterized by gluten intolerance and immunologically mediated damage to small intestinal mucosa. Patients classically present with gastrointestinal symptoms including chronic diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, weight loss, anorexia and abdominal distension. In a substantial proportion of cases however, gastrointestinal symptoms are minor or absent, and cutaneous manifestations may provide an early clue to diagnosis. Early recognition of coeliac disease, with appropriate implementation of a gluten‐free diet, may reduce the incidence of benign and malignant complications associated with this condition.
DERMATOPATHOLOGY PRESENTATION Spindle cell variant of epithelioid sarcoma: An easily misdiagnosed tumour
Authors: Tan Suat Hoon , Ong Beng Hock 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYEpithelioid sarcoma is a histologically distinct soft tissue sarcoma of high grade malignancy. We report a case of epithelioid sarcoma in a young man who presented with multiple nodules over the left forearm, with bony invasion and pulmonary metastases. The histological features of the dermal tumour were those of a malignant spindle cell tumour with positive cytokeratin and vimentin staining and differed from the classical epithelioid sarcoma in its absence of typical necrobiotic nodular epithelioid pattern. It was the clinical presentation and the histology of the subcutaneous nodules that led to the final diagnosis of epithelioid sarcoma. This case illustrates a predominance of spindle cell pattern in the dermal tumour of epithelioid sarcoma, which has previously been reported as fibroma‐like variant of epithelioid sarcoma.
SURGERY CORNER Lateral longitudinal nail biopsy
Authors: De Berker David Ar 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYLateral longitudinal nail biopsy is the gold standard of incisional nail biopsies. It can be obtained under local anaesthetic and requires normal biopsy instruments. Preoperative planning with the patient is important in order that they have realistic expectations of the therapeutic outcome and understand how to care for the wound in the postoperative period.
RESEARCH REPORT Long‐term patient satisfaction with cosmetic outcome of minor cutaneous surgery
Authors: Kearney Christopher R , Holme S Alexander , Burden A David , McHenry Pamela 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYWe evaluated our patients’ own assessment of the cosmetic outcome of minor dermatological surgery procedures. A postal questionnaire was sent to patients who had undergone surgery between 12 and 18 months previously. Patient satisfaction was correlated with variables, including age, sex, lesion size and site, indication for excision, histological diagnosis and operator. Two hundred and seven excisional procedures were identified in 193 patients. Seventy‐nine per cent of the questionnaires (163/207) were returned. Seventy per cent of patients reported that the scar was invisible or better than expected and 9% rated it to be worse than expected. Ninety per cent of patients said they would undergo the procedure again. Patient dissatisfaction was associated significantly and independently with excisions from the back, younger age and benign histology.