bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial restrictions hinder avoidance of choke species in an Indigenous rights‐based fishery
Authors: English Philina A. , Picco Candace M. , Edwards Jessica C. , Haggarty Dana R. , Forrest Robyn E. , Anderson Sean C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Nutrient‐rich waters along the Pacific coast of North America support diverse fish communities that have helped sustain coastal peoples for millennia. Five Nuu‐chah‐nulth First Nations on the west coast of what is now known as Vancouver Island, Canada, hold constitutional Indigenous rights to conduct a multispecies community fishery, which includes Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). A 2009 court decision defined the extent of these Indigenous rights to be within 9 nm of the coast, thereby not fully recognizing the knowledge and authority of the traditional leadership and raising concerns about the potential for an increase in rockfish bycatch. Yelloweye Rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus) are a potential ‘choke’ species for this fishery because the two species occupy similar depth ranges. A choke species is one that is caught incidentally while targeting other species and, if caught in excess of its quota limits, can trigger a halt to fishing on the target species.

Guided by the insights of local Indigenous peoples and using both fishery‐independent survey and commercial longline catch data, we investigated the effects of fishing depth and spatial restriction on the relative catch weights of these two species using spatiotemporal models.

We find evidence that a confined fishing area can limit opportunities for avoiding choke species. Specifically, fishing at depths deeper than 175 m, which occur outside the court defined area (CDA), would provide more opportunities for catching halibut while avoiding Yelloweye Rockfish than are currently available within the CDA.

This Indigenous‐informed, analytical approach to a management problem is just one example of how Western scientists can engage in coproduction of knowledge with Indigenous peoples to transition from the ‘status quo’ towards a practice of ‘Two‐Eyed Seeing’ that more effectively balances Indigenous rights and species conservation.

Policy implications: Our study highlights (1) the importance of considering choke species distributions and opportunities for their avoidance when implementing spatial harvest restrictions and (2) how related analytical and management decisions can benefit from being guided by the advice of Indigenous knowledge holders.

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An investigation of structural, optical, and electrical properties of poly(3‐hexylthiophene)/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for electronic and optoelectronic applications
Authors: Elashry M. H. , Mohamed F. , Sharmoukh W. , Hameed Talaat A. , Shalaby R. M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPoly(3‐hexylthiophene)/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (P3HT/rGO) were successfully prepared starting with 3‐hexylthiophene (3HT) monomer. 1H NMR was utilized to determine the regioregularity of the polymer and the degree of polymerization. The interaction of rGO was identified by employing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Besides, the XRD results revealed the crystallinity was enhanced with the increment of rGO. Upon filling with rGO, High‐resolution transmission electron high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy images manifested a fluffy morphology, while field emission scanning electron microscope demonstrated a high level of compactness and uniformity. Optical spectrophotometry (UV–Vis–NIR) was implied to determine the impact of rGO on the optical properties. It was found that the bandgap was reduced upon the addition of rGO. The temperature and frequency‐dependent electrical properties including complex permittivity, tangent loss, complex electrical modulus, impedance, and conductivity for revealing both the dipolar relaxation and charge transportation were investigated. It is revealed that P3HT/rGO has significantly higher conductivity values compared to P3HT. Further, the temperature dependence of the Dc—conductivity for pure P3HT was governed by the Vogel–Fulcher–Tamman (VFT) approach, whereas it was altered to Arrhenius upon the inclusion of rGO. The fact that the P3HT/rGO nanocomposite has a higher ε' value, lower tangent loss, and higher conductivity than the pristine P3HT, suggested these nanocomposites are more favorable than pure P3HT in optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications.
Theoretical study on oxidation mechanism of fluorescent probe, coumarin‐7‐pinacolboronate by various reactive oxygen species
Authors: Guo Yujie , Leng Yan , Liu Hongbo , Min Chun‐Gang , Ren Ai‐Min , Yin Qinhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as relatively stable reactive oxygen species gains considerable attention because it can regulate physiological and pathological processes. In order to better detect H2O2, fluorescent probes were widely applied. Over the past 20 years, a great deal of boronate‐based fluorescent molecular probes appeared due to relatively simple oxidation reaction. However, the reaction mechanisms that boronate derivatives were converted into fluorescent product by H2O2are poorly studied. In this paper, taking coumarin‐7‐pinacolboronate (CBU) as an example, the oxidation mechanism of boronate‐based probes by various reactive oxygen species was studied by theoretical calculations. The results found that (1) the chemical reaction mechanisms are nearly identical for the reactions of CBU with hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite, and tyrosine hydroperoxide, respectively. (2) There is not radical intermediate during the reaction. (3) The different reactive oxygen species has a strong influence on rate limiting step and reaction rate.
Azodicarboxylate as a comonomer for radical polymerization to incorporate nitrogen–nitrogen single bonds into the polymer chain
Authors: Shi Qingdan , An Bang , Li Yifan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn organic synthesis, azodicarboxylates are frequently used as an aza‐dienophile and electrophilic amination agent. To create carbon–nitrogen bonds, azodicarboxylates typically react with nucleophiles or radicals. This report explores its reactivity as a co‐monomer towards radical polymerization to introduce nitrogen–nitrogen single bonds into the polymer chain. Azodicarboxylates are capable of copolymerizing with styrenic monomers to achieve linear polymers with 40% feed.
Long‐term outcomes of standardized training for caregivers of children with tracheostomies: The IStanbul PAediatric Tracheostomy (ISPAT) project
Authors: Bilgin Gulay , Unal Fusun , Yanaz Muruvvet , Baskan Azer K. I. L. I. C. , Uzuner Selcuk , Ayhan Yetkin , Onay Zeynep Reyhan , Kalyoncu Mine , Tortop Deniz M. A. V. I. , Arslan Huseyin , Oksay Sinem C. A. N. , Kostereli Ebru , Yazan Hakan , Atag Emine , Ergenekon Almala Pınar , Ekizoglu Nilay B. A. S. , Yegit Cansu Y. I. L. M. A. Z. , Gokdemir Yasemin , Uyan Zeynep Seda , Kilinc Ayse Ayzıt , Cokugras Haluk , Eralp Ela E. R. D. E. M. , Cakir Erkan , Karadag Bulent , Oktem Sedat , Karakoc Fazilet , Girit Saniye 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesChildren with tracheostomies are at increased risk of tracheostomy‐related complications and require extra care. Standardized training programs for caregivers can improve tracheostomy care and reduce complications. In this study, we compared caregiver knowledge and skill scores after a standardized theoretical and practical training program on tracheostomy care (IStanbul PAediatric Tracheostomy (ISPAT) project) immediately and 1 year post‐training and evaluated how this training affected the children's clinical outcomes.Materials and MethodsWe included 32 caregivers (31 children) who had received standardized training a year ago and administered the same theoretical and practical tests 1 year after training completion. We recorded tracheostomy‐related complications and the number and reasons for admission to the healthcare centers. All data just before the training and 1 year after training completion were compared.ResultsAfter 1 year of training completion, the median number of correct answers on the theoretical test increased to 16.5 from 12 at pretest (p < 0.001). Compared with pretest, at 1‐year post‐training practical skills assessment scores, including cannula exchange and aspiration, were significantly higher (both p < 0.001) and mucus plug, bleeding, and stoma infection reduced significantly (p = 0.002, 0.022, and 0.004, respectively). Hands‐on‐training scores were better than pretest but declined slightly at 1 year compared to testing immediately after training. Emergency admission decreased from 64.5% to 32.3% (p = 0.013). Hospitalization decreased from 61.3% to 35.5% (p = 0.039).ConclusionOur findings indicate that caregiver training can lead to a persistent increase in knowledge and skill for as long as 1 year, as well as improvements in several measurable outcomes, although a slight decrease in scores warrants annual repetitions of the training program.
Arrangement of residence before hospital discharge for children on home‐invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Torrent‐Vernetta Alba , Soriano Maria Morillo , Iglesias Serrano Ignacio , Izquierdo Ana Díez , Rovira Amigo Sandra , Messa Inés Mir , Gartner Silvia , Moreno‐Galdó Antonio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChildren on long‐term home mechanical ventilation are a growing population due to clinical and technological advances and the benefit for the child's quality of life. Invasive home ventilation is one of the most complex therapies offered in the home setting, requiring adequate home environment and appropriate equipment and supplies before discharge. The transition from hospital to home represents a vulnerable period that can be facilitated with an established transition plan with multidisciplinary team involvement. Readiness for home care is achieved when the patient is stable and has been transitioned from a critical care ventilator to a home mechanical ventilator. In parallel, comprehensive competency‐based training regarding the knowledge and skills needed to help families use the equipment confidently and safely. Before discharge, families should be counseled on an adequate home environment to ensure a safe transition. The residence arrangement may include physical space modifications, verifying electrical installation, or moving to another home. Durable medical equipment and supplies must be ordered, and community healthcare support arranged. Parents should receive practical advice on setting up the equipment at home and on preventive measures to minimize complications related to tracheostomy and ventilator dependence, including regular maintenance and replacement of necessary equipment. Given the overall impact of invasive ventilation on home life, a structured home care action package is essential to alleviate the burdens involved.
Quantitative analysis of the UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase transcriptome in human tissues
Authors: Zhou Lucas , Montalvo Abelardo D. , Collins Joseph M. , Wang Danxin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUDP‐glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are phase II drug metabolizing enzymes that play important roles in the detoxification of endogenous and exogenous substrates. The 22 human UGTs belong to four families (UGT1, UGT2, UGT3, and UGT8) and differ in their expression, substrate specificity, UDP‐sugar preference, and physiological functions. Differential expression/activity of the UGTs contributes to interperson variability in drug responses and toxicity, hormone homeostasis, and disease/cancer risks. However, in normal tissues, the tissue‐specific expression profiles and transcriptional regulation of the UGTs are still not fully understood. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the transcriptome of 22 UGTs in 54 human tissues/regions using RNAseq data from GTEx. We then validated the findings in the liver and small intestine samples using real‐time PCR. Our results showed large interindividual variability across tissues in the expression of each UGT and the overall composition of UGT pools, consisting of different UGTs and their splice isoforms. Our results also revealed coexpression of the UGTs, Cytochrome P450s, and many transcription factors in the liver, suggesting potential coregulation or functional coordination. Our results provide the groundwork for future studies to detail further the regulation of the expression and activity of the UGTs.
Dynamic simulation‐based quantitative hazard and operability process hazard analysis for a hydrocracking unit
Authors: Yi Jialin , Wang Haiyan , Zhang Jiguo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA hydrocracking unit operates at high temperature, high pressure, and near hydrogen, which can be susceptible to fire and explosions accidents due to equipment failure. Therefore, it is essential to identify and analyze the risk factors. The dynamic simulation‐based quantitative hazard and operability (HAZOP) study can effectively and purposefully quantify deviations and consequences as well as reduce the redundancy of safety analysis results. Furthermore, the time parameter is introduced through dynamic simulation, which reflects more realistically the dynamic characteristics of the system in the event of a fault. In this paper, we take the process flow of the absorbing‐stabilizing system of an actual hydrocracking unit in a refining company as an example and carry out steady‐state and dynamic simulations for the deviations of pressure, temperature, and liquid level with the help of Aspen Plus V11 and Aspen Plus Dynamics V11 software to complete the dynamic simulation‐based quantitative HAZOP analysis.
Enhanced dosage delivery of pesticide under unmanned aerial vehicle condition for peanut plant protection: tank‐mix adjuvants and formulation improvement
Authors: Sun Zhe , Zhao Rui , Yu Meng , Liu Yabo , Ma Yingjian , Guo Xinyu , Gu Yu‐cheng , Formstone Carl , Xu Yong , Wu Xuemin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSuspension concentrate (SC) is one of the most widely used formulations for agricultural plant protection. With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) plant protection, the problems of spray drift, droplet rebound and poor wettability in the application of SC from UAVs have attracted wide attention. Although some tank‐mix adjuvants have been used to enhance dosage delivery for UAV, their effects and mechanisms are not fully clear, and few formulations are specifically designed for UAV.RESULTSThe type and concentration of tank‐mix adjuvant affect the dosage delivery of SC. MO501 can significantly reduce DV<100μm, and inhibit droplet rebound on peanut leaves at concentrations ≥0.5%. Silwet 408 can achieve complete wetting and superspreading after adding ≥0.2% concentrations, but only ≥0.5% can inhibit rebound. XL‐70 shows excellent regulation ability even at low concentration, and 0.2% concentration can simultaneously suppress impact and promote spreading. Besides, the formulation oil dispersion (OD) can significantly reduce the driftable fine fraction and inhibit rebound at dilution ratios of ≤250‐fold, thus enhancing dosage delivery.CONCLUSIONSC is prone to rebound on hydrophobic leaf surfaces and shows poor wetting and spreading properties. Appropriate types and concentrations of tank‐mix adjuvants and formulation improvement are two effective strategies for improving the dosage delivery of pesticides, whereas the addition of inappropriate adjuvants may cause potential risks instead. These findings provide guidance for the rational selection of tank‐mix adjuvants and potential applications of OD for UAV plant protection. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Diverging reproductive outcomes by maternal education during the Covid‐19 pandemic across Brazilian and Colombian regions
Authors: Torres Andres F. Castro , Acosta Enrique , Pardo Ignacio , Sacco Nicolas , Urdinola Beatriz Piedad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work contributes to the current understanding of the heterogeneous impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on fertility. Using more than 36.4 million birth and death records for Brazil and Colombia (2015–2021), we document state‐level correlations between the intensity of the pandemic, measured by the current and 9‐month lagged excess mortality, and the observed number of births relative to a Covid‐19‐free hypothetical scenario. We disaggregate these correlations according to maternal age and years of schooling to test the hypothesis that the influence of the Covid‐19 pandemic on births interacted with pre‐existing forms of social inequality. Results from multivariate linear models suggest that the association between the intensity of the pandemic and the relative number of births was negative for women with at least 8 years of schooling, while it was positive or null for women with fewer years of education. This result means that in subnational areas severely hit by the Covid‐19 pandemic, women with few years of schooling did not delay fertility as most women potentially did. These results suggest that disadvantaged groups in Latin America and potentially in other contexts may suffer more acutely the consequences of the Covid‐19 pandemic, which has been largely neglected by studies that assume homogeneous impacts of Covid‐19 on population dynamics.
Assist or accuse? Identifying trends in crisis communication through a bibliometric literature review
Authors: Kuipers Sanneke , Perlstein Sara , Wolbers Jeroen , Jong Wouter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCommunication has always been key to crisis management research, but even more so in recent years, from multiple disciplinary angles. In this bibliometric study and review of the literature, we aim to identify different clusters of crisis communication research in the literature and whether and how much these crisis communication research clusters overlap. With different fields taking an interest in crisis communication, we ask ourselves where the interests of these fields overlap, and to what extent the different communities are aware of each other's work. Apart from offering an overview of topical clusters in crisis communication research and connections between those clusters of studies on crisis communication, we identify and explain two main approaches to crisis communication: a political or accusatory approach, and a functional or assistory approach. We conclude in our study and discussion that these approaches may need to broaden their research horizons to ensure the applicability of crisis communication strategies beyond the countries, media platforms, and audience orientations that have predominantly shaped the existing research landscape.
Immunopathology of herpes simplex virus‐associated neuroinflammation: Unveiling the mysteries
Authors: Hussain Md Sadique , Gupta Gaurav , Samuel Vijaya Paul , Almalki Waleed Hassan , Kazmi Imran , Alzarea Sami I. , Saleem Shakir , Khan Ruqaiyah , Altwaijry Najla , Patel Samir , Patel Archita , Singh Sachin Kumar , Dua Kamal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe immunopathology of herpes simplex virus (HSV)‐associated neuroinflammation is a captivating and intricate field of study within the scientific community. HSV, renowned for its latent infection capability, gives rise to a spectrum of neurological expressions, ranging from mild symptoms to severe encephalitis. The enigmatic interplay between the virus and the host's immune responses profoundly shapes the outcome of these infections. This review delves into the multifaceted immune reactions triggered by HSV within neural tissues, intricately encompassing the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity. Furthermore, this analysis delves into the delicate equilibrium between immune defence and the potential for immunopathology‐induced neural damage. It meticulously dissects the roles of diverse immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines, unravelling the intricacies of neuroinflammation modulation and its subsequent effects. By exploring HSV's immune manipulation and exploitation mechanisms, this review endeavours to unveil the enigmas surrounding the immunopathology of HSV‐associated neuroinflammation. This comprehensive understanding enhances our grasp of viral pathogenesis and holds promise for pioneering therapeutic strategies designed to mitigate the neurological ramifications of HSV infections.
Comparison of vegetation composition in an ephemeral stream channel and the perimeter of pools in subtropical subhumid Central Texas
Authors: Hutchinson Jeffrey T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEphemeral streams are common in sub‐humid central Texas, but have received little attention. Within ephemeral streams are isolated pools that contain water for longer periods than the channel. This study examined the vegetation composition in an ephemeral dry stream channel and pools in Leon Creek. Twelve sites within the dry channel and twelve ephemeral pools in Leon Creek were surveyed for vegetation between late March and mid‐May 2020 in central Texas, USA. Plant species were similar between the dry channel and pools over a 1.5 km distance indicating that habitats are similar in both allowing the occurrence of upland, facultative, and wetland plant species. A total of 114 species of multiple functional groups were documented in this study. Panicum virgatum had greater coverage at >20% in both the ephemeral channel and pools compared to all other plant species. Ten plant species were dominant with a mean coverage of >3% and no difference was observed for dominant species in the dry channel and pools. The coverage of perennial species were significantly greater in the dry channel and pools but annual coverage in the dry channel was similar to perennial coverage in the pools. Graminoids and forbs were significantly greater in coverage compared to trees, shrubs, vines, and ferns in both the dry channel and pools. Shrub and tree cover was rare accounting for <0.3% coverage. Native species coverage was significantly greater compared to non‐native species in the dry channel and pools. Droughts, flash floods, and scouring events appear to promote perennial graminoids and forbs dominance in Leon Creek with shrubs and trees being uncommon. The results of this study is the first to evaluate vegetation in an ephemeral channel and pools in central Texas and provides current vegetation composition providing information that can be used to compare changes to vegetation in the future.
Exploring the knowledge structure and potential research areas of sustainable tourism in sustainable development: Based on text mining and semantic network analysis
Authors: Tang Ruohan , Moon Joonho , Heo Gyeong Ryun , Lee Won Seok 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe concept of sustainable tourism development is derived from sustainable development. Building tourism with the framework of sustainable development has become a necessary effective way. This study examined the abstracts and titles of 1783 sustainable development and 692 sustainable tourism development related papers from 2012 to 2021 as textual data sources through the Web of Science core database. Using text mining and semantic network as analysis methods, this paper summarizes eight main clusters of sustainable development and sustainable tourism development in the past 10 years. Based on this, this paper compares the differences between the two researches and explores four potential research areas in sustainable tourism development: (1) threats to sustainability; (2) ecology and health; (3) stakeholder cooperation and roles; and (4) tourism development planning. In addition, the visual network knowledge structure intuitively captures the relationship between the different keywords in the clustering, which provides an important reference value for broadening the future research direction of sustainable tourism development.