bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome sequencing reveals candidate genes and signaling pathways for skeletal muscle development in Ningxiang pig
Authors: Yu Zonggang , Xu Xueli , Ai Nini , Zhang Peiwen , Jin Zhao , Li Xintong , Tang Shengguo , Ma Haiming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Ningxiang pig is resistant to roughage, delicious in meat quality and rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, its growth rate is slow and its meat yield is low, so it is urgent to analyze the molecular mechanism of its muscle growth and development. Genes are important molecules involved in muscle growth and development. In this study, transcripts of difference tables of Ningxiang pig at two developmental stages (30 days and 150 days after birth) were identified by transcriptome sequencing, and the molecular mechanism of their regulation of muscle development was further explored.
Result
A total of 22,411 transcripts were identified by transcriptome sequencing, and 9,021 transcripts were obtained after screening with TPM ≥ 1. Differential expression analysis obtained 1,322 differentially expressed transcripts, 978 of which were up-regulated and 344 down-regulated. There were 1,125 known and 197 novel identified differentially expressed transcripts, 823 up-regulated and 302 down-regulated in known transcripts, and 155 up-regulated and 42 down-regulated in novel identified transcripts. RT-qPCR verification is consistent with sequencing results. After GO enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes, 15 known genes (15 transcripts) and 6 new genes (8 transcripts) related to muscle were screened. KEGG enrichment found that muscle-related genes were significantly enriched in FoxO, MAPK, cAMP, IL-17 and PI3K-Akt signal pathways. The prediction of PPI and transcription factors of 15 known genes showed that there were significant interactions among 9 proteins (ATF3-EGR1-EGR2-FOS-HOMER1-KLF5, KLHL40-LMOD2-MYOZ2), and there were 8 transcription factors (KLF5, COPS2, FOXN2, EGR2, ATF3, EGR1, FOS, PAX7) among the 15 proteins. To sum up, 15 known genes and 6 novel identified genes related to muscle development in Ningxiang pigs were identified by transcriptome sequencing. These genes regulate muscle development via FoxO, MAPK, cAMP, IL-17 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, and there is a significant interaction between them, and they participate in gene expression regulation as transcription factors.
Conclusion
To sum up, 15 known genes and 6 novel identified genes related to muscle development in Ningxiang pigs were identified by transcriptome sequencing. These genes mainly regulate muscle development through FoxO, MAPK, cAMP, IL-17 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, and there is a significant interaction between them, and they participate in gene expression regulation as transcription factors. These results provide theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of muscle development in Ningxiang pig.
Towards active health: a study of the relationship between physical activity and the health of primary and secondary school teachers
Authors: Gao Xiaofeng , Cheng Meichao , Zhang Rong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Active health is a new concept, model, and system to maintain the state of whole-person health. In the context of the increasingly serious health problems of primary and secondary school teachers, it is of great significance to explore the relationship between physical activity and primary and secondary school teachers' health based on the active health perspective.
Methods The International Physical Activity Scale, the Body Imagery State Scale, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale were used to survey 741 primary and secondary school teachers in three representative provinces and cities in the eastern, central, and western regions of China, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Amos 24.0 software.
Results There were no significant differences in body image and self-efficacy by gender, but the body image and self-rated health of teachers of different age groups showed a bipartite and "V" shaped distribution; the physical activity of female teachers (2456.46) was higher than that of male teachers (2297.86); and female teachers had better body The physical activity of female teachers (2456.46) was higher than that of male teachers (2297.86); the physical fitness of female teachers was better than that of male teachers; there was a significant positive correlation between physical activity, body image, self-efficacy, and health status; body image and self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between physical activity and health status, and the mediating effect accounted for 82.31% of the total effect.
Conclusions Primary and secondary school teachers have real problems such as teachers' physical activity is generally insufficient, teachers' body image status is generally poor, and teachers' self-efficacy is low; physical activity is an important factor in promoting primary and secondary school teachers' health status, and low, medium, and high levels of activity all have a promoting effect on the health of primary and secondary school teachers, and the more active primary and secondary school teachers are in terms of physical activity, the better their body image, self-efficacy, and health status are, and the more active primary and secondary school teachers are in terms of physical activity, the more positive the physical activity, self-efficacy, and health status are. The more physically active primary and secondary school teachers are, the better their physical intention, self-efficacy and health status are.
Suggestions improve the quality and effectiveness, promote the concept of active health among teachers; empower teachers, strengthen the institutional protection of teachers' health; reduce the burden and increase the quantity,and optimise the supply of health services for teachers.
Correlates of intention to screen for cervical cancer among adult cisgender women in Kyotera District, Central Uganda
Authors: Kiconco Arthur , Kabanda Richard , Ronald Anguzu , Beyer Kirsten M. M. , John Steven A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Cervical cancer continues to pose a major public health challenge in low-income countries. Cervical cancer screening programs enable early detection and effectively reduce the incidence of cervical cancer as well as late-stage diagnosis and mortality. However, screening uptake remains suboptimal in Uganda. This study assessed correlates of intention to screen for cervical cancer among women in the Kyotera district of central Uganda.
Methods: We used cross-sectional data collected at baseline for a before and after study to determine the effectiveness of community audio towers (CATs) as a modality of health communication to support cervical cancer prevention. Cisgender women (n = 430) aged 21-60 years without a prior history of cervical cancer screening were surveyed about demographics, sources of health information and cervical cancer screening intentions in 2020. We used generalized linear modelling with modified Poisson regression and backwards variable elimination to identify adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals to determine factors associated with intention to screen for cervical cancer.
Results: Half (50.0%) of the participants were aged 20-29 years of age,and only 26.5% had moderate knowledge about cervical cancer. Nearly half (46.0%) considered themselves at risk of cervical cancer, and half (50.2%) had intentions to screen for cervical cancer within the next year or sooner. Compared to residents who primarily received their health information from social media and radio, participants who received health information primarily from CATs and TV had a lower prevalence of intention to screen for cervical cancer. Participants who resided in rural areas and those who did not perceive themselves at risk of cervical cancer had a lower prevalence of intentions to be screened in the next year.
Conclusions: Given moderate rates of self-perceived risk and intentions to screen for cervical cancer, screening rates are likely to remain suboptimal without intervention. Targeting health information sharing via CATS and TV is likely to reach those with lower screening intentions.
Resistance exercise training for older adults living with multiple long-term conditions, frailty, and a recent deterioration in health: Qualitative insights from the Lifestyle in Later Life – Older People’s Medicine (LiLL-OPM) study
Authors: Hurst Christopher , Dismore Lorelle , Granic Antoneta , Tullo Ellen , Noble Jane M , Hillman Susan J. , Witham Miles D. , Sayer Avan A. , Dodds Richard M. , Robinson Sian M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany older adults live with the combination of multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) and frailty and are at increased risk of a deterioration in health requiring interaction with healthcare services. Low skeletal muscle strength is observed in individuals living with MLTC and is central to physical frailty. Resistance exercise (RE) is the best available treatment for improving muscle strength, but little is known about the attitudes and barriers to RE in this group of older adults. This study therefore aimed to explore the knowledge of and attitudes towards RE, as well as the barriers and enabling factors, in older adults living with MLTC, frailty and a recent deterioration in health.MethodsFourteen participants aged 69-92 years (10 women) from the Lifestyle in Later Life – Older People’s Medicine (LiLL-OPM) study were recruited from an Older People’s Medicine Day Unit in Newcastle, UK. Participants were invited to take part in a semi-structured interview exploring their knowledge and attitudes as well as barriers and enabling factors to RE. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis generated three themes 1) a lack of awareness and understanding of RE, 2) a self-perceived inability to perform RE; physical and psychological barriers and 3) willingness to perform RE under expert guidance. There was a general lack of awareness and understanding of RE, with most participants having never heard of the term and being unaware of its potential benefits. When RE was described, participants stated that they would be willing to try RE, but it was apparent that an individualised approach underpinned by expert guidance would be required to support engagement.ConclusionsOlder adults living with MLTC, frailty and a recent deterioration in health lack awareness and understanding of RE. Despite a range of barriers, this group appear willing to engage in RE if they are appropriately supported. There is a need to co-design and deliver effective strategies, including education, to raise awareness and understanding of RE, as well as promote engagement in RE, in this group of older adults.
Metabolic Syndrome Increases Osteoarthritis Risk : Findings from the UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Shiyong , Wang Danni , Zhao Jinyu , Zhao Haitong , Xie Peng , Zheng Linli , Sheng Puyi , Yuan Jinqiu , Xia Bin , Wei Fuxin , Zhang Ziji 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective: The association between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), its components, and the risk of osteoarthritis (OA) has been a topic of conflicting evidence in different studies. The aim of this present study is to investigate the association between MetS, its components, and the risk of OA using data from the UK Biobank.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the UK Biobank to assess the risk of osteoarthritis (OA) related to MetS. MetS was defined according to the criteria set by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Additionally, lifestyle factors, medications, and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) were included in the model. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The cumulative risk of OA was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. To explore potential nonlinear associations between MetS components and OA risk, a restricted cubic splines (RCS) model was employed.
Results: A total of 45,581 cases of OA were identified among 370,311 participants, with a median follow-up time of 12.48 years. The study found that individuals with MetS had a 15% higher risk of developing OA (HR=1.15, 95%CI:1.12-1.19). Additionally, central obesity was associated with a 58% increased risk of OA (HR=1.58, 95%CI:1.5-1.66), while hyperglycemia was linked to a 13% higher risk (HR=1.13, 95%CI:1.1-1.15). Dyslipidemia, specifically in triglycerides (HR=1.07, 95%CI:1.05-1.09) and high-density lipoprotein (HR=1.05, 95%CI:1.02-1.07), was also found to be slightly associated with OA risk. Furthermore, the presence of MetS significantly increased the risk of OA by up to 35% in individuals with elevated CRP levels (HR=1.35, 95% CI:1.3-1.4).
Conclusion: MetS and its components have been found to be associated with an increased risk of OA, particularly in individuals with elevated levels of CRP. These findings highlight the significance of managing MetS as a preventive and intervention measure for OA.
In Silico Modelling of the TP53 pathway in Colorectal cancer
Authors: Mehaisi Dalia , Ball Graham 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer and the fourth cause of cancer death worldwide. Inactivation of The TP53 pathway is a key genetic alteration in CRC Development. The TP53 gene triggers multiple cellular response by interaction with downstream genes. Researchers are continually seeking to explore such interactions to gain knowledge that can be used for disease management and prevention. This result in several large-scale transcriptomic technologies to estimate whole genome expression profiles for CRC. However, such analytical approaches generate massive volumes of data, which need careful processing to extract meaningful information using statistical and computational approaches. Some of these approaches have been dedicated to studying the disease through interrogation of pathway models based on molecular data and based on mining of the literature corpus in order to obtain deep insights which could help in drug discovery and the achievement of personalized medicine for cancer. These methods tend to address the dimensionality and complexity issues associated with large-scale technologies by presenting the data using signalling network models and pathway knowledge graphs. However, the possibility of identifying novel interactions and disease drivers remains limited, as most of these approaches are based on knowledge obtained from the literature through manual curation. This research applies ANN approaches for pathway data mining through a series of analyses leading to the identification of key interactions and novel drivers associated with the TP53 pathway in CRC. Which can be used to enhance knowledge about the pathway through identifying new elements that can be used to develop novel and effective therapeutic approaches for disease.
Optimal feedback improves behavioral focus during self-regulated computer-based work
Authors: Wirzberger Maria , Lado Anastasia , Prentice Mike , Oreshnikov Ivan , Passy Jean-Claude , Stock Adrian , Lieder Falk 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Distractions are omnipresent and can derail our attention, which is a precious and very limited resource. To achieve their goals in the face of distractions, people need to regulate their attention, thoughts, and behavior; this is known asself-regulation. How can self-regulation be supported or strengthened in ways that are relevant for everyday work and learning activities? To address this question, we introduce and evaluate a desktop application that helps people stay focused on their work and train self-regulation at the same time. Our application lets the user set a goal for what they want to do during a defined period of focused work at their computer, then gives negative feedback when they get distracted, and positive feedback when they reorient their attention towards their goal. After this so-called focus session, the user receives overall feedback on how well they focused on their goal relative to previous sessions. While existing approaches to attention training often use artificial tasks, our approach transforms real-life challenges into opportunities for building strong attention control skills. Our results indicate that optimal attentional feedback can generate large increases in behavioral focus, task motivation, and self-control – benefitting users to successfully achieve their long-term goals.
netEC: an emergent constraint on Climate Sensitivity based on network analysis
Authors: Nenes Athanasios , Ricard Lucile , Falasca Fabrizio , Runge Jakob 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The 2015 Paris agreement was established to limit Greenhouse gas global warming below 1.5°C above preindustrial era values. Knowledge of climate sensitivity to greenhouse gas levels is central for formulating effective climate policies, yet its exact value is shroud in uncertainty. Climate sensitivity is quantitatively expressed in terms of Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) and Transient Climate Response (TCR), estimating global temperature responses after an abrupt or transient doubling of CO2. Here, we use a holistic approach to summarize the behavior of modelled climate systems. Network analysis for Emergent Constraint (netEC) infers networks from complex and highly-dimensional datasets, by first reconstructing meaningful components describing regional subprocesses, and secondly inferring the causal links between these to construct causal networks. We apply this methodology to Sea Surface Temperature (SST) simulations and investigate two different metrics in order to derive an emergent constraint that yields likely ranges of ECS (2.34-4.79°C) and TCR (1.53-2.50°C). These ranges are narrower than the unconstrained distributions and consistent with the ranges of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). More importantly, our simplified representation of simulations suggests the low-sensitivity models (ECS < 3.0°C) and high sensitivity models (ECS ≥ 4.5°C) remain two groups of plausible models.
Dynamic 3D-Cartographic Symbols for VR Geovisualisations
Authors: Olberding Helge , Vetter Mark 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Geovisualizations that use a virtual reality headset can have a more immersive effect on users than when only a desktop application is viewed. However, to have an overview, a VR 3D map is usually viewed from a top-down perspective. On the other hand, the first-person perspective is used when the scenario is visualized as real as possible, and then the ultimate goal is to feel inside the 3D city. With the help of dynamic cartographic visualization methods, such as animated symbols appearing or a dynamic change of selected or complete visualization, it is possible to convey targeted information despite being inside the 3D city. For this purpose, techniques and ideas from cartography and video games were utilized and combined. The combination resulted in dynamically changeable symbol objects, which can be placed automatically using tables or building information, and dynamically changeable post-processing methods. Users can interactively select a predefined set of visualization methods and show/hide dynamic cartographic symbols in the running application via an interface.
Structural basis for substrate binding and catalytic mechanism of the Se-glycosyltransferase SenB in the biosynthesis of selenoneine
Authors: Long Feng , Huang Wei , Song Jun , Sun Tianxue , He Yue , Deng Zixin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Selenium is a multi-functional trace element essential for diverse organisms. SenB is a Se-glycosyltransferase that incorporates selenium into small molecules in the selenoneine biosynthesis pathway and is also the only known Se-glycosyltransferase in nature. Although the biochemical function of SenB has been investigated, its substrate specificity, structure, and catalytic mechanism remain unclear. Here, we revealed that SenB exhibits sugar donor specificity and promiscuity and can utilize six UDP-sugars to generate selenosugars. The crystal structures of SenB complexed with four different UDP-sugars were solved. The residues N20, T23, and E231 were proven as the key elements that determine the sugar donor promiscuity of SenB. Structure-guided mutagenesis further revealed a novel catalytic triad H58/D86/K158 in SenB, which accounts for the C-Se glycosidic bond formation and Se-P bond cleavage during the Se-glycosylation process. Furthermore, we mined, functionally and structurally characterized two other novel Se-glycosyltransferase, CbSenB and RsSenB, which also exhibit sugar donor promiscuity.
Implications of an induced fire on the population ecology of freshwater turtles: an case study on the Coast of Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Grajales Eduardo Reyes , Walde Andrew , Sánchez Jonathan Rogelio Chávez , Rosa Juan Pablo Baldovinos de la , Necochea-Montes Fernando , Reynoso Victor Hugo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Annual induced fires have caused significant changes in the composition and structure of wildlife globally. These events are particularly critical for species with limited mobility and small clutch sizes, such as certain small and medium-sized freshwater turtles in the tropics. At the same time, this topic has received limited attention and has not been documented in countries with a high diversity of freshwater turtles, such as Mexico. In this study we report the mortality of the red-cheeked mud turtle (Kinosternon scorpioides cruentatum) and the Pacific Coast musk turtle (Staurotypus salvinii) caused by a fire in the north portion of the municipality of Suchiate, Chiapas, Mexico. Specifically, our aims were to 1) register the plant species where the turtles occurred, 2) determine the population structure of each turtle species, and 3) estimate the density, size, and sex ratio of the dead turtles of each species. Additionally, we discuss the potential effects of this event on the demography of these turtles in the study site.
Pharmacogenomic Insights in Psychiatric Care: Uncovering Novel Actionability, Allele-Specific CYP2D6 Copy Number Variation, and Phenoconversion in 15,000 Patients
Authors: Stanton Joseph , Patel Jai , Morris Sarah , Torres Raul , Rhead Brooke , Vlangos Chris , Müller Daniel , Brown Lisa , Lefkofsky Hailey , Ali Muneer , Vega Francisco De La , Barnes Kathleen , Zoghbi Anthony , Badgeley Marcus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Pharmacogenomic testing has emerged as an aid in clinical decision-making for psychiatric providers, but more data is needed regarding its utility in clinical practice and potential impact on patient care. In this cross-sectional study, we determined the real-world prevalence of pharmacogenomic actionability in patients receiving psychiatric care. Potential actionability was based on the prevalence of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 phenotypes, including CYP2D6 allele-specific copy number variations (CNVs). Combined actionability additionally incorporated CYP2D6 phenoconversion and the novel CYP2C-TG haplotype in patients with available medication data. Across 15,000 patients, 65% had potentially actionable CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 phenotypes, and phenotype assignment was impacted by CYP2D6 allele-specific CNVs in 2% of patients. Of 4,114 patients with medication data, 42% had CYP2D6 phenoconversion from drug interactions and 20% carried a novel CYP2C haplotype potentially altering actionability. A total of 87% had some form of actionability from genetic findings and/or phenoconversion, and genetic variation detected via next-generation sequencing led to phenotype reassignment in 22% of individuals overall (2% in CYP2D6 and 20% in CYP2C19). Ultimately, pharmacogenomic testing using next-generation sequencing identified potential actionability in most patients receiving psychiatric care. Early pharmacogenomic testing may provide actionable insights to aid clinicians in drug prescribing to optimize psychiatric care.