bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-classification deep learning models for detection of ulcerative colitis, polyps, and dyed-lifted polyps using wireless capsule endoscopy images
Authors: Malik Hassaan , Naeem Ahmad , Sadeghi-Niaraki Abolghasem , Naqvi Rizwan Ali , Lee Seung-Won 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) enables imaging and diagnostics of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to be performed without any discomfort. Despite this, several characteristics, including efficacy, tolerance, safety, and performance, make it difficult to apply and modify widely. The use of automated WCE to collect data and perform the analysis is essential for finding anomalies. Medical specialists need a significant amount of time and expertise to examine the data generated by WCE imaging of the patient’s digestive tract. To address these challenges, several computer vision-based solutions have been designed; nevertheless, they do not achieve an acceptable level of accuracy, and more advancements are required. Thus, in this study, we proposed four multi-classification deep learning (DL) models i.e., Vgg-19 + CNN, ResNet152V2, Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) + ResNet152V2, and ResNet152V2 + Bidirectional GRU (Bi-GRU) and applied it on different publicly available databases for diagnosing ulcerative colitis, polyps, and dyed-lifted polyps using WCE images. To our knowledge, this is the only study that uses a single DL model for the classification of three different GI diseases. We compared the classification performance of the proposed DL classifiers in terms of many parameters such as accuracy, loss, Matthew's correlation coefficient (MCC), recall, precision, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and F1-score. The results revealed that the Vgg-19 + CNN outperforms the three other proposed DL models in classifying GI diseases using WCE images. The Vgg-19 + CNN model achieved an accuracy of 99.45%. The results of four proposed DL classifiers are also compared with recent state-of-the-art classifiers and the proposed Vgg-19 + CNN model has performed better in terms of improved accuracy.
Literature as Uncertainty Practice: An Anomaly at the End of Literature
Authors: Kukkonen Karin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLiterature emerges as an uncertainty practice in the context of today’s volatile environments. Considering literary texts as linguistic constructions reprogramming our lifeworld through formal constraints and creative rethinking, from the perspective of cognitive literary studies, Karin Kukkonen proposes an argument for the continued relevance of literature.
Basisarbeit und menschengerechte Arbeitsgestaltung – Strategische Erfordernisse und Ansätze
Authors: Sträter Oliver 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag wird der Aspekt der Basisarbeit beleuchtet, der aus der zunehmenden Komplexität der technischen Entwicklung resultiert. Eine technologische Entwicklung im Rahmen des Gesamtsystems wird nicht linear aus ergonomischen Anforderungen heraus entwickelt, sondern erwächst aus einem komplexen und dynamischen Wechselspiel zwischen unterschiedlichen Akteur/-innen. Aus dieser Eigendynamik des Gesamtsystems ergeben sich ungünstige Entwicklungen, die Sheridan (2002) als ‚Entfremdung‘ und ‚Versklavung‘ des Menschen beschreibt und welche insbesondere bei der Basisarbeit in ungünstige Arbeitsbedingungen mündet.Diese Entwicklungen sind als ‚drift into failure‘ in der Resilienzforschung bekannt. Demzufolge kann man die derzeitigen Gestaltungsansätze auch mithilfe der Systematik der Resilienz beschreiben und entsprechende strategische Erfordernisse und Ansätze ableiten, um eine sinnvolle Arbeitsgestaltung sowohl im Gesamtsystem als auch für die Basisarbeit im Besonderen zu entwickeln.Praktische Relevanz: Zur Überwindung der negativen Belastungsfolgen von Basisarbeit, welche durch zunehmende Digitalisierung entsteht, werden psychologische Wirkmechanismen transparent gemacht und über das Konzept der Resilienz werden Änderungsverfahren von Digitalisierungsprojekten von ihrem Reifegrad her eingeordnet. Für Entscheidungsträger wird verständlicher, wie Digitalisierung systemisch gedacht werden kann und welche Anforderungen an den Gestaltungsprozess aus arbeitswissenschaftlicher Sicht relevant sind. Er für die Entwicklung von Digitalisierungsprojekten wird ein Scanning-Verfahren dargestellt, welches eine rechtzeitige arbeitswissenschaftliche Planung erlaubt und so auch Basisarbeit und Digitalisierung besser, menschengerechter gestaltet.
Towards a Semiotic Cultural Clinical Psychology: Contributions for the Discussion
Authors: Roncancio-Moreno Mónica , Ocampo-Cepeda Rita Patricia , Cleves-Valencia Juan José 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article outlines the basic premises of the proposal for a semiotic cultural clinical psychology and presents how these premises could be translated in the approaching to a concrete situation. For this purpose, the work of some contemporary authors is identified, elucidating the possible bridges between cultural psychology and a form of clinical practice interested in the singular expression of suffering that privileges an idiographic approach. A typical scenario of applied intervention is examined to illustrate how the situation could be interpreted from the perspective of a semiotic cultural clinical psychology and to indicate the distance taken with respect to other ways of approaching it in psychology. It is concluded that this proposal conceives the phenomena of human suffering as transitions, elucidating the interactions between the singular and the cultural, and is characterized by a reflective perspective on its practice, considering social and historical dimensions that constantly question its theoretical frameworks, thus allowing, in theory and application, to emphasize changes rather than the description of norms.
High quality, low molecular weight shrimp and crab chitosans obtained by short-time holistic high-power microwave technology
Authors: Ewais Alaa , Saber R. A. , Abdel Ghany A. , Sharaf A. , Sitohy Mahmoud 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe study sought to investigate the impact of a holistic high-power microwave technology during all stages of the extraction on the quality, time of extraction, and degree of deacetylation (DD) of shrimp chitosan (SC) and crab chitosan (KC). The demineralization and deproteinization stages took 7 and 8 min, at 750 and 875 W, respectively. The deacetylation process was conducted at two powers, 875 W and 1250 W, for 10, 15, and 20 min. It only took 25 min at 875 W to successfully prepare chitosan with a high DD and 30 min to reach the maximum DD. The highest DDs by the potentiometric titration method, FTIR, and 1H NMR of SC were 86.6%, 86.7%, and 83%, compared to 83.8%, 82.7%, and 80% for KC, respectively. Extracted SC had 79% solubility, 14.125 kDa, a 46.57% crystallinity index, 705.40% WBC, and 434.60% FBC, against 74.5%, 16.982 kDa, 74.14%, 689.82%, and 413.20% for KC, respectively. The study proved that 30 min of holistic high-power microwave at 875 W produced low-molecular-weight chitosan with relatively high deacetylation and low content of viscosity, crystallinity, and protein residue. The technique can provide a feasible alternative to the commercial production of low-molecular-weight chitosan in less time and energy.
Benefits and limitations of biochar for climate-smart agriculture: a review and case study from China
Authors: Bo Xiaomeng , Zhang Zhiwei , Wang Jinyang , Guo Shumin , Li Zhutao , Lin Haiyan , Huang Yawen , Han Zhaoqiang , Kuzyakov Yakov , Zou Jianwen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBiochar has gained significant attention in agricultural and environmental research over the last two decades. This comprehensive review evaluates the effects of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC), emission of non-CO2 greenhouse gases, and crop yield, including related mechanisms and major influencing factors. The impacts of biochar on SOC, methane and nitrous oxide emissions, and crop yield are controlled by biochar and soil properties and management practices. High-temperature biochar produced from lignin-rich feedstocks may decrease methane and nitrous oxide emissions in acidic soils and strengthen long-term carbon sequestration due to its stable aromatic structure. In contrast, low-temperature biochar from manure may increase crop yield in low-fertility soils. Applying biochar to farmlands in China can increase SOC content by 1.9 Pg C and reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions by 25 and 20 Mt CO2-eq year−1, respectively, while increasing crop yields by 19%. Despite the increasing evidence of the positive effects of biochar, future research needs to explore the potential factors that could weaken or hinder its capacity to address climate change and secure crop production. We conclude that biochar is not a universal solution for global cropland; however, targeted applications in fields, landscapes, or regional scales, especially in low fertility and sandy soils, could realize the benefits of biochar as a climate-smart measure.Highlights

The findings of research on biochar's effects on soil C sequestration, GHG mitigation, and crop production were summarized.

The factors influencing the impact of biochar on soil functioning were reviewed.

The effects of biochar on soil C sequestration and GHG mitigation in farmlands of China were quantified.

Graphical Abstract
Assessing deep soil mixing for excavation support in Sabkha soils: a numerical study
Authors: Abas Hassan. A. , Alluqmani Ayed E. , Yousif Isameldin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExcavation in Sabkha soils, found in coastal regions of Saudi Arabia, presents complex challenges in construction due to their unique geotechnical characteristics. These soils are known for their high compressibility, collapsibility, and variable sediment deposition, rendition them unsuitable for excavation without adequate support systems. As urbanization and industrial activities continue to expand into these areas, the demand for effective excavation support systems becomes gradually critical. This study investigates the feasibility of employing Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) as an excavation support system in Sabkha soils. Utilizing finite element analysis through PLAXIS 3D software, the behaviour of DSM walls in Sabkha soil under various conditions is rigorously simulated. The findings of this research establish that DSM walls can serve as an efficient excavation support system in Sabkha soils, provided that crucial factors, particularly excavation depth, are considered during the design phase. The study demonstrates that properly designed DSM walls, in combination with appropriate anchoring methods, can substantially reduce horizontal displacement and bending moments, ensuring the stability of excavations in Sabkha soils. The research highlights the need for further investigations into the cost-effectiveness of DSM walls in comparison to other excavation support options to evaluate the economic feasibility of using DSM in Sabkha soil applications.
Surface corrosion evaluation of steel cable for suspension bridge using electromagnetic method
Authors: He Dongfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe cables of suspension bridges are normally made of galvanized steel wires. Corrosion may happen with the galvanized steel wires from the surface after serving for a long time. We developed a compact, low-cost electromagnetic system to evaluate the corrosion of steel cables. AC magnetic field was produced by an excitation coil and eddy current was induced in the steel wires. A detection coil was used to measure the magnetic field produced by the eddy current. In our experiments, the excitation coil was 100 turns with a diameter of 3 cm, the detection coil was 60 turns with a diameter of 1 cm and the excitation frequency was about 80 kHz. A lock-in amplifier was used to get the X signal (same phase signal with the excitation field) and Y signal (90-degree phase different signal with excitation field). From the slope of the X–Y graph, the degree of corrosion can be judged. To make the system portable, the excitation coil, detection coil, amplifier, lock-in amplifier, and AD converter were put in a small box with the size of 85 mm × 170 mm × 60 mm; only a USB cable was used for the power and data transferring. The electric power required for the system was less than 1 W. We prepared some galvanized steel wires with and without corrosion and did some experiments in the laboratory. The degree of corrosion of galvanized steel wires was successfully evaluated using the system.
The effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative tumor recurrence and patient survival after breast cancer surgery: a feasibility study
Authors: Luo Jiamei , Xuan Wei , Sun Jiaxin , Wang Xiaoqiang , Shi Yumiao , Zhang Yiqi , Yin Wenjin , Shu Huigang , Lu Jinsong , Tian Jie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Dexmedetomidine (Dexmed) is a highly selective alpha 2 adrenoceptor (α2-AR) agonist with excellent sedation and analgesic effects and is frequently used in breast cancer surgery. However, the exact impact of Dexmed on breast cancer prognosis is still unclear. The primary objective of this pilot study was to explore study feasibility (recruitment and dropout rates) for future large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the hypothesis that intraoperative Dexmed reduced recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients after breast cancer surgery.

Methods
Interviews with patients were performed during the anesthetic preoperative visit for informed consent. Adult females scheduled for a mastectomy due to primary breast cancer were 1:1 randomised to saline (Group Control) or Dexmed (Group Dexmed) treatment groups. The primary outcomes were descriptions of study feasibility (recruitment and dropout rates). We also performed a preliminary analysis of RFS (time from surgery to the earliest date of recurrence/metastasis) and OS (time from surgery to the date of all-cause death) and collected data on percentages/numbers of circulating immune cells at pre- and 24 h post-operation.

Results
A total of 964 patients were screened; 40% (385/964) met the inclusion criteria, among which 39% (150/385) were enrolled and randomly assigned to either Group Control (n = 75) or Group Dexmed (n = 75). The median follow-up duration was 49 months (interquartile range (IQR): 34–58 months) for Group Control and 48 months (IQR: 33–60 months) for Group Dexmed. Five percent (5%, 8/150) patients were lost to follow-up and 1% (2/150) died. There was no significant difference in RFS and OS. The percentage/number of natural killer (NK), B and T-cell subsets and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio were similar between groups at 24 h post-operation.

Conclusion
The pilot study was feasible to deliver. In a future definitive trial, the lower recruitment rate may be improved by increasing the number of anesthesiologists involved in the study. The study about the effects of Dexmed on long-term prognoses of breast cancer patients that is planned to follow this pilot study is a large-scaled randomized control study with the aim of providing evidence-based guidelines for rational use of Dexmed in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery.

Trial registration
Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on October 20, 2016 (ID: NCT03109990).

Graphical Abstract
Spatio-temporal variability in geometry and geodetic mass balance of Jostedalsbreen ice cap, Norway
Authors: Andreassen Liss M. , Robson Benjamin A. , Sjursen Kamilla H. , Elvehøy Hallgeir , Kjøllmoen Bjarne , Carrivick Jonathan L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Jostedalsbreen ice cap is mainland Europe's largest ice cap and accommodates 20% (458 km2 in 2019) of the total glacier area of mainland Norway. Jostedalsbreen and its meltwater contribute to global sea-level rise and to local water management, hydropower and tourism economies and livelihoods. In this study, we construct a digital terrain model (DTM) of the ice cap from 1966 aerial photographs, which by comparing to an airborne LiDAR DTM from 2020, we compute changes in surface elevation and geodetic mass balances. The area mapped in both surveys cover about 3/4 of the ice cap area and 49 of 82 glaciers. The measured glacier area has decreased from 363.4 km2 in 1966 to 332.9 km2 in 2019, i.e. a change of −30 km2 or −8.4% (−0.16% a−1), which is in line with the percentage reduction in area for Jostedalsbreen as a whole. The mean geodetic mass balance over the 49 glaciers was −0.15 ± 0.01 m w.e. a−1, however, large variability is evident between glaciers, e.g. Nigardsbreen (−0.05 m w.e. a−1), Austdalsbreen (−0.28 m w.e. a−1) and Tunsbergdalsbreen (−0.36 m w.e. a−1) confirming differences also found by the glaciological records for Nigardsbreen and Austdalsbreen.
Tourists’ (mis)understandings of nature: international and domestic visitors’ perceptions of invasive alien plants in New Zealand
Authors: Lovelock Brent , Ji Yun , Carr Anna , Blye Clara-Jane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTourism, one of the world largest economic sectors, moves a substantial body of individuals and materials about the world and is implicated in the spread of invasive plants and is itself impacted by biological invasions that can degrade touristic landscapes and affect destination communities. Tourists constitute not only an immediate biological threat, but through their landscape and biota preferences also constitute a substantial economic and ecological force that has implications for invasive plant management in destinations. Tourists and the tourism industry are therefore significant stakeholders in invasive plant introduction, spread, and management. This paper discusses an onsite survey (n = 231) of domestic and international visitors in New Zealand, a destination where invasive species are an important ecological and economic issue. Findings show that visitors have a low understanding of the presence and level of threat of invasive plants and express preferences for some plants that are highly invasive. However, there were substantial variations across the international sample, with visitors from Asian and European ethnicities expressing significantly different attitudes toward a range of invasive plants. Asian visitors were more likely to show preferences for some plants that were seriously invasive and to be more accepting in general of invasive plants within landscapes and less supportive of invasive species eradication. These findings suggest that attitudes toward invasive plants and their management may be culturally determined, which poses challenges for managers aiming to generate awareness and support from across diverse tourist cohorts for invasive species control. There are also challenges for gaining support from the tourism industry for invasive plant control programs where particular “charismatic” or attractive invasive plants may contribute to touristic landscapes and visitor itineraries.
Semantic segmentation of glaciological features across multiple remote sensing platforms with the Segment Anything Model (SAM)
Authors: Shankar Siddharth , Stearns Leigh A. , van der Veen C. J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Semantic segmentation is a critical part of observation-driven research in glaciology. Using remote sensing to quantify how features change (e.g. glacier termini, supraglacial lakes, icebergs, crevasses) is particularly important in polar regions, where glaciological features may be spatially small but reflect important shifts in boundary conditions. In this study, we assess the utility of the Segment Anything Model (SAM), released by Meta AI Research, for cryosphere research. SAM is a foundational AI model that generates segmentation masks without additional training data. This is highly beneficial in polar science because pre-existing training data rarely exist. Widely-used conventional deep learning models such as UNet require tens of thousands of training labels to perform effectively. We show that the Segment Anything Model performs well for different features (icebergs, glacier termini, supra-glacial lakes, crevasses), in different environmental settings (open water, mélange, and sea ice), with different sensors (Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, Planet, timelapse photographs) and different spatial resolutions. Due to the performance, versatility, and cross-platform adaptability of SAM, we conclude that it is a powerful and robust model for cryosphere research.
An Ineffable Haunting: Language, Embodiment, and Ghosts in Toni Morrison’s Beloved
Authors: Lifson Connor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRereading Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved, this article explores how Morrison’s work at the limits of language performs the haunting ties between the Reconstruction era and the present day by offering readers a way to experience a rememory of their own. By repeatedly emphasizing the inadequacy of language in expressing traumatic experience, Beloved encourages its readers to, like its characters, look beyond language and seek out a kind of ineffable, embodied knowledge to better understand the lingering traumas of slavery. Through Morrison’s concept of “invisible ink,” which points to the inevitability that lived experience cannot be captured in language by the author alone but must be filled in by an active reader, this article makes a larger argument: that Beloved acts as both an invitation and a guide to read the ghostly, invisible ink of history that exists outside the novel, haunting our world itself.
Discovery of Encyclometra bungara (Digenea: Encyclometridae) in a new host (Enhydris enhydris) from Thailand and Cambodia through morphological and molecular identification
Authors: Chan Abigail Hui En , Thaenkham Urusa , Poodeepiyasawat Akkarin , Boonserm Somusa , Namjad Pakteema , Laoungbua Panithi , Tawan Tanapong , Bun Ngor Peng , Ratnarathorn Napat , Charoennitiwat Vachirapong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe genus Encyclometra is one of the two genera in family Encyclometridae, known for parasitising the oesophagus, stomach and intestine of snakes. Among Encyclometra, the species present are: Encyclometra colubrimurorum, Encyclometra japonica, Encyclometra asymmetrica and Encyclometra bungara. Species discrimination within Encyclometra has predominantly relied on morphological differences, such as the length of the caeca and the position of the testes. Morphological overlaps exist among these species making species discrimination challenging. Additionally, the use of molecular information has been limited for Encyclometra. To determine the Encyclometra species infecting Enhydris enhydris from Thailand and Cambodia, morphological and molecular identification was conducted. Morphological characters and measurements were obtained from 30 Encyclometra adults, and they were compared with previous studies of other Encyclometra species. Novel sequences of E. bungara were generated using the nuclear 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes, and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. Our results revealed that the specimens could be morphologically identified as E. bungara, with support from molecular information obtained from the phylogenies of the 3 genetic markers employed. Molecular analysis showed that the Encyclometra specimens were distinct from E. colubrimurorum and E. japonica. Through morphological and molecular identification of the Encyclometra specimens found in E. enhydris from Thailand and Cambodia, we describe and provide a record of E. bungara in a new host and new locality. Additionally, novel molecular sequences were generated, revealing the phylogenetic position of E. bungara within the superfamily Gorgoderoidea.