bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of lairage time prior to slaughter on stress in pigs: a path analysis
Authors: Lee Jeongeun , Kang Darae , Shim Kwanseob 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Pre-slaughter process during transportation, handling, and lairage causes stress in pigs, affecting animal welfare and meat quality. Therefore, lairage factors are important for relieving stress. A total of 24 LYD (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) barrows were used to investigate the effect of 6 and 20 h lairage time (LT) on cortisol, serotonin, and catecholamine in blood and physiological factors in muscle, and to verify the causal relationship between these factors.

Results
The results revealed that cortisol was increased (0.064 ± 0.007 µg/ml), and epinephrine (0.020 ± 0.002 µg/ml) and norepinephrine (1.518 ± 0.071 µg/ml) were lower at a LT of 20 h than those at 6 h, and there was no significant effect on the muscle and carcass characteristic factors. In addition, cortisol and norepinephrine showed a negative correlation (r = -50,346, p = 0.0121), epinephrine and glycogen had a positive correlation (r = 0.4417, p = 0.0307), and serotonin and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were positively correlated (r = 0.4715, p = 0.0200). Path analysis indicated that the increase in LT had a direct effect on cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, and an indirect effect on muscle glycogen.

Conclusion
This study confirmed the effect of the increase in LT from 6 to 20 h in the lairage room on the stress response of pigs. These findings support the legal requirements that advocate for shorter lairage times, in alignment with enhanced animal welfare standards.
Effectiveness of functional training versus resistance exercise in patients with psoriatic arthritis: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Silva Diego Roger , Meireles Sandra Mara , Brumini Christine , Natour Jamil 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to evaluate the effect of functional versus resistance exercise training on the functional capacity and quality of life of psoriatic arthritis patients.

Methods
Forty-one psoriatic arthritis patients (18 to 65 years old) were randomized into two groups: functional training group and resistance exercise group. The functional training group underwent functional exercises with elastic band and the functional training group underwent machine resistance exercise twice a week for 12 weeks. Outcome measures were: The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and Health Assessment Questionnaire for the Spondyloarthropathies (HAQ-S) for functional capacity and functional status, one-repetition maximum test for muscle strength, the Short Form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) for quality of life, and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS-28) for disease activity. Analyzes were performed by a blinded evaluator at baseline (T0), six (T6) and twelve (T12) weeks after the beginning of the exercise.

Results
At baseline, the groups were homogeneous in the clinical and demographic characteristics. There was a statistical intra-group improvement for both groups in the BASFI, BASDAI, HAQ-s, and DAS-28. In the quality-of-life assessment, both groups showed statistical intra-group improvements for all domains except the “emotional aspect” domain in the resistance exercise group. In the muscle strength, there was a statistical improvement for all exercises in both groups, except for the “alternate biceps (bilateral)” exercise.

Conclusion
Functional training and resistance exercise are similarly effective in improving functional capacity, functional status, disease activity, general quality of life, and muscle strength in patients with psoriatic arthritis.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04304326. Registered 11 March 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04304326?term=NCT04304326&draw=2&rank=1.
Description of a patient with developmental delay and dysmorphic features caused by a novel SHANK2 deletion
Authors: Molina Herranz David , Moreno Sánchez Amelia , Carmen Marcén Gema , Salinas Salvador Belén , Pérez Delgado Raquel , Izquierdo Álvarez Silvia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The SHANK gene, located on chromosome 11q13.3-q13.4, encodes the SHANK2 protein with a function in neuronal synapses. An error in coding can alter the development of typical cognitive, linguistic and social skills. However, its alteration produces a phenotype that has yet to be fully defined.

Case presentation
We present the case of a patient diagnosed with a deletion in the SHANK2 gene as an infant and its subsequent evolution, including a description and iconography of the phenotype. Similar copy number variations (CNVs) are described in the literature, but none with the length of our patient's copy number.

Conclusions
This work broadens the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum associated with the SHANK2 gene, which promotes the genetic diagnosis of the disease.
Chlorogenic acid-optimized nanophytovesicles: a novel approach for enhanced permeability and oral bioavailability
Authors: Trivedi Hemangi R. , Puranik Prashant K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundChlorogenic acid, a phenolic derivative, shows excellent pharmacological properties. However, poor lipidic solubility, permeability, and oral bioavailability restrict its clinical use. Therefore, two different phospholipids—Phospholipon® 90H and LIPOID® S100 nanophytovesicles (NPVs)—were optimized, formulated and compared with central composite design for improved biopharmaceutical properties, antioxidant, anticancer and wound-healing activities.ResultsHigher entrapment (> 95%) and partition coefficient values were obtained with optimized CGA 90H NPVs and S100 NPVs. Particle size and zeta potential values confirmed small particle size(≅ 450 nm) with optimum stability. Non-covalent interactions between CGA and both phospholipids were confirmed with Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, differential scanning calorimetry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. NPVs significantly enhanced the lipidic solubility (> 25 times) supported by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. A sustained dissolution and diffusion release were obtained with NPVs as compared to pure CGA. Likewise, ≅ twofold increase in permeability was obtained, supported by confocal microscopy. Enhanced oral bioavailability of CGA with improved Cmax, Tmax, AUC, half-life values was obtained with NPVs along withIVIVcorrelation. Enhanced DPPH radical scavenging and Fe2+chelation ability were obtained with CGA 90H NPVs > CGA S100 NPVs, with lower IC50values in HeLa and HL-60 cell lines (< 0.75 times) as compared to CGA in MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Higher wound contraction percentages were observed at day 3 with CGA S100 NPVs (71.56%) > CGA 90H NPVs (34.0%) in wound-healing studies.ConclusionsThe formulated NPVs exhibited efficiency of Phospholipon®90 H in enhancing oral bioavailability and LIPOID® S100 in increasing transdermal permeability, thus proving as promising carriers for enhancing biopharmaceutical and pharmacological properties of chlorogenic acid.
Optimizing biochar-based geopolymer composites for enhanced water resistance in asphalt mixes: an experimental, microstructural, and multi-objective analysis
Authors: Yaro Nura Shehu Aliyu , Sutanto Muslich Hartadi , Habib Noor Zainab , Usman Aliyu , Tanjung Liza Evianti , Aliyu Ibrahim , Jagaba Ahmad Hussaini 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDue to increased traffic and environmental concerns, this study addresses challenges in conventional asphalt concrete. Our focus is on enhancing the water resistance of asphalt mixes through the optimization of both the asphalt binder and the biochar-based geopolymer composite. We employ experiments and response surface methodology to assess their impact on volume, Marshall parameters, and water resistance. Asphalt binders were evaluated within the range of 4–6%, while biochar-based geopolymer composite levels varied from 0 to 4%. According to the findings, the incorporation of the biochar-based geopolymer composite improves asphalt properties, stiffness, and temperature sensitivity. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to construct robust mathematical models with high R2 values (90%) and low p-values. Multi-objective optimization indicated that optimal content levels were 4.56% for the binder and 2.71% for the biochar-based geopolymer composite. Model accuracy was confirmed with less than a 5% error in validation tests. The research also identified structural changes in the asphalt binder caused by the BGC Si–O phase. Additionally, the leaching value for both BGC and BGC-MAB asphalt concrete was found to be substantially below the regulatory limit, demonstrating the environmental safety of incorporating BGC into the asphalt sector.
Digitalising mental health care: Practical recommendations from the European Psychiatric Association
Authors: Kalman Janos L. , Burkhardt Gerrit , Samochowiec Jerzy , Gebhard Christian , Dom Geert , John Miriam , Kilic Ozge , Kurimay Tamas , Lien Lars , Schouler-Ocak Meryam , Vidal Diego Palao , Wiser Jan , Gaebel Wolfgang , Volpe Umberto , Falkai Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The digitalisation of mental health care is expected to improve the accessibility and quality of specialised treatment services and introduce innovative methods to study, assess, and monitor mental health disorders. In this narrative review and practical recommendation of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), we aim to help healthcare providers and policymakers to navigate this rapidly evolving field. We provide an overview of the current scientific and implementation status across two major domains of digitalisation: i) digital mental health interventions and ii) digital phenotyping, discuss the potential of each domain to improve the accessibility and outcomes of mental health services, and highlight current challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and service users. Furthermore, we make several recommendations meant to foster the widespread adoption of evidence-based digital solutions for mental health care in the member states of the EPA. To realise the vision of a digitalised, patient-centred, and data-driven mental health ecosystem, a number of implementation challenges must be considered and addressed, spanning from human, technical, ethical–legal, and economic barriers. The list of priority areas and action points our expert panel has identified could serve as a playbook for this process.
A Prospective Multicenter Comparison of Trauma and Injury Severity Score, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status, and National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Calculator’s Ability to Predict Operative Trauma Outcomes
Authors: Yeates Eric Owen , Nahmias Jeffry , Gabriel Viktor , Luo Xi , Ogunnaike Babatunde , Ahmed M. Iqbal , Melikman Emily , Moon Tiffany , Shoultz Thomas , Feeler Anne , Dudaryk Roman , Navas-Blanco Jose , Vasileiou Georgia , Yeh D. Dante , Matsushima Kazuhide , Forestiere Matthew , Lian Tiffany , Dominguez Oscar Hernandez , Ricks-Oddie Joni Ladawn , Kuza Catherine M. 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
Trauma outcome prediction models have traditionally relied upon patient injury and physiologic data (eg, Trauma and Injury Severity Score [TRISS]) without accounting for comorbidities. We sought to prospectively evaluate the role of the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA-PS) score and the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Surgical Risk-Calculator (NSQIP-SRC), which are measurements of comorbidities, in the prediction of trauma outcomes, hypothesizing that they will improve the predictive ability for mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), and complications compared to TRISS alone in trauma patients undergoing surgery within 24 hours.

METHODS:
A prospective, observational multicenter study (9/2018–2/2020) of trauma patients ≥18 years undergoing operation within 24 hours of admission was performed. Multiple logistic regression was used to create models predicting mortality utilizing the variables within TRISS, ASA-PS, and NSQIP-SRC, respectively. Linear regression was used to create models predicting LOS and negative binomial regression to create models predicting complications.

RESULTS:
From 4 level I trauma centers, 1213 patients were included. The Brier Score for each model predicting mortality was found to improve accuracy in the following order: 0.0370 for ASA-PS, 0.0355 for NSQIP-SRC, 0.0301 for TRISS, 0.0291 for TRISS+ASA-PS, and 0.0234 for TRISS+NSQIP-SRC. However, when comparing TRISS alone to TRISS+ASA-PS (P = .082) and TRISS+NSQIP-SRC (P = .394), there was no significant improvement in mortality prediction. NSQIP-SRC more accurately predicted both LOS and complications compared to TRISS and ASA-PS.

CONCLUSIONS:
TRISS predicts mortality better than ASA-PS and NSQIP-SRC in trauma patients undergoing surgery within 24 hours. The TRISS mortality predictive ability is not improved when combined with ASA-PS or NSQIP-SRC. However, NSQIP-SRC was the most accurate predictor of LOS and complications.
Risk of Postoperative Ischemic Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Patients Operated for Cancer
Authors: Rautiola Juhana , Björklund Johan , Zelic Renata , Edgren Gustaf , Bottai Matteo , Nilsson Magnus , Vincent Per Henrik , Fredholm Hanna , Falconer Henrik , Sjövall Annika , Nilsson Per J. , Wiklund Peter , Aly Markus , Akre Olof 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Risk assessment for ischemic stroke (IS) and myocardial infarction (MI) is done routinely before surgery, but the increase in risks associated with surgery is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of arterial ischemic events during the first year after oncological surgery.

Methods
We used Swedish healthcare databases to identify 443,300 patients who underwent cancer surgery between 1987 and 2016 and 4,127,761 matched comparison subjects. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke during the hospitalization with logistic regression and calculated 1-year cumulative incidences and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the outcomes after discharge.

Results
The cumulative incidences of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke during the first postoperative year were 1.33% and 1.25%, respectively. In the comparison cohort, the corresponding 1-year cumulative incidences were 1.04% and 1.00%. During the hospitalization, the OR for myocardial infarction was 8.81 (95% CI 8.24–9.42) and the OR for ischemic stroke was 6.71 (95% CI 6.22–7.23). After discharge, the average HR during follow-up for 365 days was 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.93) for myocardial infarction and 1.02 (95% CI 0.99–1.05) for ischemic stroke.

Conclusions
We found an overall increased risk of IS and MI during the first year after cancer surgery that was attributable to events occurring during the hospitalization period. After discharge from the hospital, the overall risk of myocardial infarction was lower among the cancer surgery patients than among matched comparison subjects.
Nurse-midwives' knowledge of and attitude to obstetric triage in Kiambu referral hospitals: a cross-sectional study in Kenya
Authors: Nyariki Carolyne Kerubo , Mbuthia Grace Wambura , Yegon Eric , Magangi Cyprian Michieka 
Published: December 2023

Background/Aaims Obstetric triage is a brief assessment performed when a woman presents to hospital to prioritise her care. The aim of this study was to determine nurse-midwives' knowledge of and attitude to obstetric triage in two county referral hospitals in Kiambu, Kenya. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 40 nurse-midwives using a structured questionnaire. Mean scores were calculated for knowledge of goals, models and activities in obstetric triage, as well as the participants' attitudes to triage, with scores of at least 80% indicating that the participant was knowledgeable and had a positive attitude. Results The majority (85%) of participants were female, with a diploma (97.5%) and had an average of 7.5 years' experience. Only 20.0% were deemed knowledgeable about the goals of obstetric triage, and 42.5% lacked knowledge of any triage model. The mean score for knowledge of activities during obstetric triage was 93.0%, indicating that midwives were knowledgeable in this area, and the mean attitude score was 77%, falling short of the cut off to show a positive attitude. Conclusions Nurse-midwives showed knowledge gaps related to the goals and models for obstetric triage, but were highly knowledgeable on activities conducted during triage. On average, the participants were found to have a negative attitude to obstetric triage. It is recommended that nurse-midwives are trained on obstetric triage, to improve their knowledge and attitude.
Physical and aerodynamic properties of date palm pollen grains
Authors: IBRAHIM Mohamed M. , GHONIMY Mohamed , ABD EL RAHMAN Eid 
Published: December 2023

The present study was designed to determine the effect of four moisture content levels (4, 5, 6, and 7 %) on the physical and aerodynamic properties of date palm pollen grain (DPP). The physical properties of DPP included pollen length (L), width (w), thickness (T), projected area (Ap), geometric mean diameter (dg), mass (m), sphericity (S), and bulk density (ρp). It was observed that the moisture content did not significantly influence the physical properties of the DPP. The aerodynamic properties of DPP included the terminal velocity (Vt), drag coefficient (Dc), drag force (Df), and Reynolds number (Re). The pollen Reynolds number (Re) is significant at different pollen grain moisture content, and regression models were developed in the form of polynomial and exponential relationships. Also, the 3rd order polynomial relationship was found between Re and Dc. The results showed that the average values of Vt, Dc, Df, and Re were about 0.6 m s-1, (0.38 to 0.45), 1.09E-11 N, and (0.29 to 0.42), respectively. The results of this study will be helpful in the performance of date palm pollination machines.
La osteocalcina se asocia con la densidad mineral ósea y los polimorfismos del gen VDR en la diabetes tipo 1 y 2
Authors: Ruiz Carla Ramírez , Cenarruzabeitia Nerea Varo , Villanueva Miriam Martínez , Hernández Martínez Antonio M. , Noguera Velasco José A. 
Published: December 2023

Resumen

Objetivos
El metabolismo óseo se encuentra alterado en la diabetes mellitus (DM). El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la relación entre los marcadores de remodelado óseo (MRO), los polimorfismos en el gen receptor de la vitamina D (VDR) y la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) en la DM tipo 1 (T1D) y tipo 2 (T2D).

Métodos
Se incluyó a 165 pacientes (53 T1D y 112 T2D). La DMO se midió mediante absorciometría de rayos X de energía dual (DEXA). Se realizó un análisis de la osteocalcina (OC) en plasma, beta-CrossLaps (β-CTX), propéptido aminoterminal del procolágeno tipo 1 (P1NP) y los polimorfismos en el gen VDR.

Resultados
Se incluyó a 53 pacientes con T1D (41 años (31–48)) y 112 con T2D (60 años [51–66]). No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en relación a la DMO. Los pacientes con T1D presentaron niveles superiores de OC (p<0,001) y P1NP (p<0,001). Las áreas bajo la curva para la predicción de patología ósea para la OC fueron 0,732 (p=0,038) en T1D y 0,697 (p=0,007) en T2D. Se observó una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el alelo A de BsmI (p=0,03), el alelo A de ApaI (p=0,04) y el alelo C de Taql (p=0,046) y una menor DMO. Así mismo, se encontró una correlación significativa entre los niveles elevados de OC y el alelo G de BsmI (p=0,044), el alelo C de ApaI (p=0,011), el alelo T de Taql (p=0,006) y el alelo C de FokI (p=0,004).

Conclusiones
El elevado valor predictivo negativo del punto de corte de la OC indica que la OC podría ser útil a la hora de descartar el riesgo de pérdida ósea, lo que permitiría diseñar un tratamiento personalizado para prevenir dicha patología.
Precisional detection of lymph node metastasis using tFCM in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yang Dan , Tang Jingling , Zhen Yunhuan , Yuan Jindong , Hu Pingsheng , Li Xiaoyun , Du Hang , Zhang Xiaolan , Yang Yuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) lymph node (LN) metastases significantly influences treatment choices, yet identifying them in samples is time-consuming and error-prone. To enhance efficiency, we have established a LN metastasis detection method utilizing triple-parameter flow cytometry (tFCM) and have conducted a comparative assessment of its accuracy and cost-effectiveness in contrast to conventional pathological examinations. This technique utilized biomarkers cytokeratin 20 (CK20), epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM), and Pan-CK. tFCM’s sensitivity was validated by analyzing known cell line concentrations (SW480 and SW620) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), with CK20, EpCAM, and Pan-CK showing significant expression in CRC cell lines but not in PBMCs. A strong linear correlation was observed in the mixed leukocyte environment (R
2 = 0.9988). Subsequently, tFCM and pathological sections were employed to analyze LNs from CRC patients, enabling comparison of detection accuracy. Within the 36 LNs studied, tFCM successfully identified tumor cells with varying metastasis degrees, including micro-metastasis and isolated tumor cell clusters. Notably, relying solely on pathological sections led to a potential 25% misdiagnosis rate for LNs. In contrast, tFCM effectively minimized this risk. In summary, compared to traditional pathological sections, tFCM is a more advantageous method for detecting nodal metastasis in CRC patients, offering a more precise prognosis for these patients.
The potential for the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron
Authors: Świątek Michał , Antosik Adrianna , Kochanowska Dominika , Jeżowski Paweł , Smarzyński Krzysztof , Tomczak Aneta , Kowalczewski Przemysław Łukasz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIron is an essential component for the body, but it is also a major cause for the development of many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. It has been suggested that a diet rich in meat products, especially red meat and highly processed products, constitute a nutritional model that increases the risk of developing. In this context, it is indicated that people on an elimination diet (vegetarians and vegans) may be at risk of deficiencies in iron, because this micronutrient is found mainly in foods of animal origin and has lower bioavailability in plant foods. This article reviews the knowledge on the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron and discusses their potential for use in vegetarian and vegan diets.
Surprise questions in English and French
Authors: Celle Agnès 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aim of this article is to show that a specific type of non-canonical question, namely surprise questions, needs to be defined in its own right and differentiated from rhetorical questions. The communicative function of surprise questions is explained on the basis of three constructions – what the hell questions in English, qu’est-ce que questions, and c’est quoi ce N (i.e. an in situ interrogative followed by a right dislocation) in French. Surprise questions are reported to be expressive and to request an explanation for or a change in an activity judged to be incongruous. However, only the intensification conveyed by the hell systematically guarantees the expressive reading. In French, the surprise reading is argued to rely on a combination of syntactic structure, prosodic features, and lexical items. While qu’est-ce que questions are syntactically more complex and diverse, the in situ construction followed by a right dislocation allows for the surprise reading to be more readily identified as such.