bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applications of Highly Stable Silver Nanoparticles from Garcinia mangostana Pericarp Extract: Bioactivities, Catalysis, and Optical Sensing
Authors: Nam Nguyen Thanh Hoai , Linh Nguyen Thi Thuy , Dat Nguyen Minh , Bao Pham Phi , Tinh Ninh Thi , Cong Che Quang , Hai Nguyen Duy , Giang Nguyen Thi Huong , Phong Mai Thanh , Hieu Nguyen Huu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this work, the Garcinia mangostana pericarp aqueous extract was utilized as an efficient reducing agent for the phyto‐synthesis of eco‐friendly silver nanoparticles (GM/AgNPs (GMAs)). Characterization of the as‐synthesized material revealed the optimal synthesis conditions of 1 mL of the extract, 1.6 mL of AgNO3, and 1 mL of pH 10 buffer solution at 70 °C for 30 min of reaction. The formation and distribution of quasi‐spherical silver nanoparticles were elucidated with an average particle size of 22.12±1.106 nm, whilst the colloidal system of GMAs also possessed a negative surface charge (−25.4 mV) with such low particle instability parameters (PIP), signifying great stability even after 8 weeks. Furthermore, the material demonstrated excellent bioactivities, wherein a good inhibitory was acquired towards both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Besides, the synthesized GMAs provided great catalytic reduction performances, which removed 98.75, 96.55, and 90.85 % of RhB, MO, and 4‐NP, respectively, within 120 s. Along with a low detection limit for surveyed heavy metal ions as well as H2O2 in specific concentration ranges, the phyto‐synthesized GMAs can be efficaciously employed in a wide range of environmental applications, namely in the medical and wastewater remediation sectors.
One‐Pot Synthesis of β‐Ketoesters from Aryl Methyl Ketone via Ketene Dithioacetal
Authors: Giri Nand Gopal , Althagafi Ismail , Ghatak Trisha , Pratap Ramendra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe have discovered base‐mediated conversion of 3,3‐bis(methylthio)‐1‐arylprop‐2‐en‐1‐ones to versatile active methylene compounds (β‐keto esters). A series of products were isolated and characterized as a mixture of keto‐enol form. We have modified the method and synthesized the active methylene compounds (β‐keto esters) directly from aryl methyl ketone via ketene dithioacetal intermediate (not isolated) by stepwise reactions in one pot. Most of the one‐pot reactions also provided excellent yields. In addition to aryl methyl ketones, we also tested cyclopropyl methyl ketone as a source of an aliphatic ketone, and under similar reaction conditions, ethyl 3‐cyclopropyl‐3‐oxopropanoate was afforded.
Achieving High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation on Ni(OH)2 with Optimized Intermediate Binding Energy Enabled by S‐Doping and CeO2‐Interfacing
Authors: Chen Xiang , Xu Xinyue , Cheng Yuwen , Liu He , Li Dongdong , Da Yumin , Li Yongtao , Liu Dongming , Chen Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe adsorption energy of the reaction intermediates has a crucial influence on the electrocatalytic activity. Ni‐based materials possess high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance in alkaline, however too strong binding of *OH and high energy barrier of the rate‐determining step (RDS) severely limit their OER activity. Herein, a facile strategy is shown to fabricate novel vertical nanorod‐like arrays hybrid structure with the interface contact of S‐doped Ni(OH)2 and CeO2 in situ grown on Ni foam (S‐Ni(OH)2/CeO2/NF) through a one‐pot route. The alcohol molecules oxidation reaction experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrate that S‐doping and CeO2‐interfacing significantly modulate the binding energies of OER intermediates toward optimal value and reduce the energy barrier of the RDS, contributing to remarkable OER activity for S‐Ni(OH)2/CeO2/NF with an ultralow overpotential of 196 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and long‐term durability over 150 h for the OER. This work offers an efficient doping and interfacing strategy to tune the binding energy of the OER intermediates for obtaining high‐performance electrocatalysts.
Nanomedicine for Maternal and Fetal Health
Authors: Carter Davell , Better Marina , Abbasi Saed , Zulfiqar Fareeha , Shapiro Rachel , Ensign Laura M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConception, pregnancy, and childbirth are complex processes that affect both mother and fetus. Thus, it is perhaps not surprising that in the United States alone, roughly 11% of women struggle with infertility and 16% of pregnancies involve some sort of complication. This presents a clear need to develop safe and effective treatment options, though the development of therapeutics for use in women's health and particularly in pregnancy is relatively limited. Physiological and biological changes during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy impact biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy, further complicating the process of administration and delivery of therapeutics. In addition to the complex pharmacodynamics, there is also the challenge of overcoming physiological barriers that impact various routes of local and systemic administration, including the blood–follicle barrier and the placenta. Nanomedicine presents a unique opportunity to target and sustain drug delivery to the reproductive tract and other relevant organs in the mother and fetus, as well as improve the safety profile and minimize side effects. Nanomedicine‐based approaches have the potential to improve the management and treatment of infertility, obstetric complications, and fetal conditions.
Size‐Dependent Penetration of Nanoparticles in Tumor Spheroids: A Multidimensional and Quantitative Study of Transcellular and Paracellular Pathways
Authors: Chen Wenjing , Wang Wenqian , Xie Zhouzun , Centurion Franco , Sun Bin , Paterson David J. , Tsao Simon Chang‐Hao , Chu Dewei , Shen Yansong , Mao Guangzhao , Gu Zi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTumor penetration of nanoparticles is crucial in nanomedicine, but the mechanisms of tumor penetration are poorly understood. This work presents a multidimensional, quantitative approach to investigate the tissue penetration behavior of nanoparticles, with focuses on the particle size effect on penetration pathways, in an MDA‐MB‐231 tumor spheroid model using a combination of spectrometry, microscopy, and synchrotron beamline techniques. Quasi‐spherical gold nanoparticles of different sizes are synthesized and incubated with 2D and 3D MDA‐MB‐231 cells and spheroids with or without an energy‐dependent cell uptake inhibitor. The distribution and penetration pathways of nanoparticles in spheroids are visualized and quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, two‐photon microscopy, and synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence microscopy. The results reveal that 15 nm nanoparticles penetrate spheroids mainly through an energy‐independent transcellular pathway, while 60 nm nanoparticles penetrate primarily through an energy‐dependent transcellular pathway. Meanwhile, 22 nm nanoparticles penetrate through both transcellular and paracellular pathways and they demonstrate the greatest penetration ability in comparison to other two sizes. The multidimensional analytical methodology developed through this work offers a generalizable approach to quantitatively study the tissue penetration of nanoparticles, and the results provide important insights into the designs of nanoparticles with high accumulation at a target site.
Halide Ordering Enables Superior Charge Transport in 3D (NMPDA)Pb2I4Br2 Perovskitoid Single Crystal
Authors: He Biqi , Kuang Kuan , Tong Guoliang , Tang Junjie , Cao Sheng , Yu Zixian , Li Mingkai , He Yunbin , Chen Junnian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHalide composition engineering has been demonstrated as an effective strategy for optical and electronic properties modulation in 3D perovskites. While the impact of halide mixing on the structural and charge transport properties of 3D perovskitoids remains largely unexplored. Herein, it is demonstrated that bromine (Br) mixing in 3D (NMPDA)Pb2I6 (NMPDA = N‐methyl‐1,3‐propane diammonium) perovskitoid yields stabilized (NMPDA)Pb2I4Br2 with specific ordered halide sites, where Br ions locate at the edge‐sharing sites. The halide ordered structure enables stronger H‐bonds, shorter interlayer distance, and lower octahedra distortion in (NMPDA)Pb2I4Br2 with respect to the pristine (NMPDA)Pb2I6. These attributes further result in high ion migration activation energy, low defect states density, and enhanced carrier mobility‐lifetime product (µτ), as underpinned by the electrical properties investigation and DFT calculations. Remarkably, the parallel configured photodetector based on (NMPDA)Pb2I4Br2 single crystal delivers a high on/off current ratio of 3.92 × 103, a satisfying photoresponsivity and detectivity of 0.28 A W−1 and 3.05 × 1012 Jones under 10.94 µW cm−2 irradiation, superior to that of (NMPDA)Pb2I6 and the reported 3D perovskitoids. This work sheds novel insight on exploring 3D mixed halide perovskitoids toward advanced and stable optoelectronic devices.
Dual‐Programmable Semiconducting Polymer NanoPROTACs for Deep‐Tissue Sonodynamic‐Ferroptosis Activatable Immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Fengshuo , Dong Guoqiang , Ding Mengbin , Yu Ningyue , Sheng Chunquan , Li Jingchao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProteolysis‐targeting chimeras (PROTACs) can provide promising opportunities for cancer treatment, while precise regulation of their activities remains challenging to achieve effective and safe therapeutic outcomes. A semiconducting polymer nanoPROTAC (SPNFeP) is reported that can achieve ultrasound (US) and tumor microenvironment dual‐programmable PROTAC activity for deep‐tissue sonodynamic‐ferroptosis activatable immunotherapy. SPNFeP is formed through a nano‐precipitation of a sonodynamic semiconducting polymer, a ferroptosis inducer, and a newly synthesized PROTAC molecule. The semiconducting polymers work as sonosensitizers to produce singlet oxygen (1O2) via sonodynamic effect under US irradiation, and ferroptosis inducers react with intratumoral hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to generate hydroxyl radical (·OH). Such a dual‐programmable reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation not only triggers ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death (ICD), but also induces on‐demand activatable delivery of PROTAC molecules into tumor sites. The effectively activated nanoPROTACs degrade nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) to suppress tumor infiltration of myeloid‐derived suppressive cells (MDSCs), thus promoting antitumor immunity. In such a way, SPNFeP mediates sonodynamic‐ferroptosis activatable immunotherapy for entirely inhibiting tumor growths in both subcutaneous and 2‐cm tissue‐covered deep tumor mouse models. This study presents a dual‐programmable activatable strategy based on PROTACs for effective and precise cancer combinational therapy.
Regulating the Oxygen Vacancy and Electronic Structure of NiCo Layered Double Hydroxides by Molybdenum Doping for High‐Power Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Ding Yingjie , Yan Zhaoxiong , Wang Guosheng , Sang Hongqian , Xu Zhihua , Li Wenhui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAmelioration of nickel‐cobalt layered double hydroxides (NiCo‐LDH) with a high specific theoretical capacitance is of great desire for high‐power supercapacitors. Herein, a molybdenum (Mo) doping strategy is proposed to improve the charge‐storage performance of NiCo‐LDH nanosheets growing on carbon cloth (CC) via a rapid microwave process. The regulation of the electronic structure and oxygen vacancy of the LDH is consolidated by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation, which demonstrates that Mo doping narrows the band gap, reduces the formation energy of hydroxyl vacancies, and promotes ionic and charge transfer as well as electrolyte adsorption on the electrode surface. The optimal Mo‐doped NiCo‐LDH electrode (MoNiCo‐LDH‐0.05/CC) has an amazing specific capacity of 471.1 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1, and excellent capacity retention of 84.8% at 32 A g−1, far superior to NiCo‐LDH/CC (258.3 mA h g−1 and 76.4%). The constructed hybrid supercapacitor delivers an energy density of 103.3 W h kg−1 at a power density of 750 W kg−1 and retains the cycle retention of 85.2% after 5000 cycles. Two assembled devices in series can drive thirty LED lamps, revealing a potential application prospect of the rationally synthesized MoNiCo‐LDH/CC as an energy‐storage electrode material.
Fluorine Induced In Situ Formation of High Valent Nickel Species for Ultra Low Potential Electrooxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Zhang Baolong , Li Zijian , Zhou Yushang , Yang Zhaohui , Xue Zhimin , Mu Tiancheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Nickel‐based catalysts have a good catalytic effect on the 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural electrooxidation reaction (HMFOR), but limited by the conversion potential of Ni2+/Ni3+, 1.35 V versus RHE, the HMF electrooxidation potential of nickel‐based catalysts is generally greater than 1.35 V versus RHE. Considering fluorine has the highest Pauling electronegativity and similar atomic radius of oxygen, the introduction of fluorine into the lattice of metal oxides might promote the adsorption of intermediate species, thus improving the catalytic performance. F is successfully doped into the lattice structure of NiCo2O4 spinel oxide by the strategy of hydrothermal reaction and low‐temperature fluorination. As is confirmed by in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, the introduction of F weakens the interaction force of metal‐oxygen covalent bonds of the asymmetric MT‐O‐MO backbone and improves the valence of Ni in tetrahedra structure, which makes it easier to be oxidized to higher valence active Ni3+ under the action of electric field and promotes the adsorption of OH−, while the decrease of Co valence enhances the adsorption of HMF with the catalyst. Combining the above reasons, F‐NiCo2O4 shows superb electrocatalytic performance with a potential of only 1.297 V versus RHE at a current density of 20 mA cm−2, which is lower than the most catalyst.
Stabilized Li‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode by a Spontaneously Formed Yb and Oxygen‐Vacancy Rich Layer on the Surface
Authors: Li Quan , Wang Hong , Wang Guan , Xia Fanjie , Zeng Weihao , Peng Haoyang , Ma Ganggang , Guo Anan , Dong Ruifeng , Wu Jinsong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLi‐rich layered oxides (LLOs) are among the most promising cathode materials with high theoretical specific capacity (>250 mAh g−1). However, capacity decay and voltage hysteresis due tostructural degradation during cycling impede the commercial application of LLOs. Surface engineering and element doping are two methods widely applied tomitigate the structural degradation. Here, it is found that trace amount lanthanide element Yb doping can spontaneously form a surficial Yb‐rich layer with high density of oxygen vacancy on the LLO‐0.3% Yb (Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13‐xYbxNi0.13O2 where x = 0.003) cathodes, which mitigating lattice oxygen loss and the non‐preferred layered‐to‐spinel‐to‐rock salt tri‐phase transition. Meanwhile, there are also some Yb ions doped into the lattice of LLO, which enhance the binding energy with oxygen and stabilize the lattice in grain interior during cycling. The dual effects of Yb doping greatly mitigate the structure degradation during cycling, and facilitate fast diffusion of lithium ions. As a result, the LLO‐0.3% Yb sample achieves significantly improved cycling stability, with a capacity retention of 84.69% after 100 cycles at 0.2 C and 84.3% after 200 cycles at 1 C. These finding shighlight the promising rare element doping strategy that can have both surface engineering and doping effects in preparing LLO cathodes with high stability.
Corner‐Sharing Tetrahedrally Coordinated W‐V Dual Active Sites on Cu2V2O7 for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation
Authors: Huang Zheng‐Yi , Chen Yi‐Ying , Hao Le‐Yang , Hua Ying‐Jie , Lei Bing‐Xin , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe sluggish four‐electron oxygen evolving reaction is one of the key limitations of photoelectrochemical water decomposition. Optimizing the binding of active sites to oxygen in water and promoting the conversion of *O to *OOH are the key to enhancing oxygen evolution reaction. In this work, W‐doped Cu2V2O7 (CVO) constructs corner‐sharing tetrahedrally coordinated W‐V dual active sites to induce the generation of electron deficiency active centers, promote the adsorption of ─OH, and accelerate the transformation of *O to *OOH for water splitting. The photocurrent obtained by the W‐modified CVO photoanode is 0.97 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus RHE, which is much superior to that of the reported CVO. Experimental and theoretical results show that the excellent catalytic performance may be attributed to the formation of synergistic dual active sites between W and V atoms, and the introduction of W ions reduces the charge migration distance and prolongs the lifetime of photogenerated carriers. Meanwhile, the electronic structure in the center of the d‐band is modulated, which leads to the redistribution of the electron density in CVO and lowers the energy barrier for the conversion of the rate‐limiting step *O to *OOH.
Relaxation of Stress Propagation in Alloying‐Type Sn Anodes for K‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kang Hyokyeong , Kang Hyuk , Piao Junji , Xu Xieyu , Liu Yangyang , Xiong Shizhao , Lee Seunggyeong , Kim Hun , Jung Hun‐Gi , Kim Jaekook , Sun Yang‐Kook , Hwang Jang‐Yeon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlloying‐type metallic tin is perceived as a potential anode material for K‐ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity and reasonable working potential. However, pure Sn still face intractable issues of inferior K+ storage capability owing to the mechanical degradation of electrode against large volume changes and formation of intermediary insulating phases K4Sn9 and KSn during alloying reaction. Herein, the TiC/C–carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is prepared as an effective buffer matrix and composited with Sn particles (Sn–TiC/C–CNTs) through the high‐energy ball‐milling method. Owing to the conductive and rigid properties, the TiC/C–CNTs matrix enhances the electrical conductivity as well as mechanical integrity of Sn in the composite material and thus ultimately contributes to performance supremacy in terms of electrochemical K+ storage properties. During potassiation process, the TiC/C–CNTs matrix not only dissipates the internal stress toward random radial orientations within the Sn particle but also provides electrical pathways for the intermediate insulating phases; this tends to reduce microcracking and prevent considerable electrode degradation.
Families Living with Anticipatory Grief; How Can We Both Understand and Explain?
Authors: Grasaasen Anne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIllness as a phenomenon consists of both physiological conditions and narratives. When children have serious illnesses and death becomes the frame of family life, systemic perspectives can expand causal explanations by providing descriptions of illness within a frame of relational values. In encounters with parents dealing with anticipatory grief, therapists must attempt to create alliance also with scientific discourses. Only then can we offer the best care to families who need us to both explain and understand. Social constructionism as a scientific theoretical perspective offers dialogue and philosophical ideas about how to create an interdisciplinary practice. Cooperation across disciplines can also improve our ability to be relationally engaged with those we are to help.
Symmetry TFTs and anomalies of non-invertible symmetries
Authors: Kaidi Justin , Nardoni Emily , Zafrir Gabi , Zheng Yunqin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is known that the ’t Hooft anomalies of invertible global symmetries can be characterized by an invertible TQFT in one higher dimension. The analogous statement remains to be understood for non-invertible symmetries. In this note we discuss how the linking invariants in a non-invertible TQFT known as the Symmetry TFT (SymTFT) can be used as a diagnostic for ’t Hooft anomalies of non-invertible symmetries. When the non-invertible symmetry is non-intrinsically non-invertible, and hence the SymTFT is a Dijkgraaf-Witten model, the linking invariants can be computed explicitly. We illustrate this proposal through the examples of the abelian Higgs model in 2d, as well as adjoint QCD and $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills in 4d. We also comment on how the ’t Hooft anomalies of non-invertible symmetries impose new constraints on the dynamics.
When tadpoles matter: one-loop corrections for spectator Higgs in inflation
Authors: Glavan Dražen , Prokopec Tomislav 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We consider the classical attractor regime of the spectator Abelian Higgs model in power-law inflation, and compute the one-loop corrections to its evolution. For computations we utilize dimensional regularization and the propagators in the unitary gauge. The corrections to both the scalar condensate and the energy-momentum tensor exhibit secular ultraviolet contributions, that tend to slow down the rolling of the scalar down its potential, and drive it away from the classical attractor. These corrections need not be suppressed if the U(1) charge is much larger than the scalar self-coupling, which is seen already in flat space. In addition, at late times the secular corrections necessarily invalidate the perturbative loop expansion. We find the late time secular corrections to be captured by the renormalization group, which opens up the possibility to resum them past the breakdown of perturbativity.
Shooting null geodesics into holographic spacetimes
Authors: Kinoshita Shunichiro , Murata Keiju , Takeda Daichi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We find, in the AdS/CFT, a source on the boundary which generates one wave packet drawing a null geodesic inside the bulk. Once such a wave packet dives into the bulk, it comes back to the boundary after a specific time, at which the expectation value of the corresponding boundary operator finally stands up. Since this behavior strongly reflects the existence of the holographic spacetime, our technique will be helpful in identifying holographic materials.
Entwicklung der Analytik im Neugeborenen-Screening – Von der Guthrie-Karte zur Genetik
Authors: Janzen Nils , Sander Johannes 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungSeit mehr als 5 Jahrzehnten wird allen Neugeborenen in Deutschland eine Vorsorgeuntersuchung zur Früherkennung angeborener behandelbarer Krankheiten angeboten. Seit Beginn sind so etwa 35 Mio. Kinder untersucht worden.Anfangs ging es nur um die Früherkennung der Phenylketonurie, die ohne frühzeitige Behandlung zu nicht mehr korrigierbarer geistiger Behinderung führt. Der bakteriologische Guthrie-Test erlaubte den Nachweis erhöhter Konzentrationen von Phenylalanin. Die heute eingesetzten Methoden sind das Ergebnis einer über Jahrzehnte verlaufenden Entwicklung. Hinzugekommen sind Tests zur Bestimmung von Enzymaktivitäten, Immunoassays zur Früherkennung wichtiger hormoneller Störungen wie der angeborenen Schilddrüsenunterfunktion sowie Hochdruck-Flüssigkeits-Chromatografie zur Identifizierung pathologischer Hämoglobine. Die sehr anspruchsvolle Tandem-Massenspektrometrie ermöglicht die gleichzeitige Erfassung von Aminosäuren und Derivaten organischer Säuren und Fettsäuren. Auch Steroide können damit identifiziert werden. Die Spezifität lässt sich durch Kombination mit chromatografischer Vortrennung noch erhöhen. In den letzten Jahren wurden die chemisch-analytischen Untersuchungen ergänzt durch gendiagnostische Verfahren, wie beispielsweise quantitative oder qualitative Polymerasekettenreaktion (PCR).Der Stand der Labortechnik ist keineswegs endgültig. Sowohl die klassische Analytik als auch besonders die genetischen Verfahren stehen vor einer weiteren rasanten Entwicklung. Während die Ausweitung des Screenings auch eine Folge der technischen Entwicklung ist, hängt die Einbeziehung weiterer angeborener Erkrankungen grundsätzlich von einer jeweiligen Therapie ab. Aber gerade hier werden gegenwärtig viele Neuerungen erprobt. Im Vordergrund des Interesses steht dabei die Gentherapie.