bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting naming scores from language history: A little immersion goes a long way, and self-rated proficiency matters more than percent use
Authors: Neveu Anne , Gollan Tamar H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Language proficiency is a critically important factor in research on bilingualism, but researchers disagree on its measurement. Validated objective measures exist, but investigators often rely exclusively on subjective measures. We investigated if combining multiple self-report measures improves prediction of objective naming test scores in 36 English-dominant versus 32 Spanish-dominant older bilinguals (Experiment 1), and in 41 older Spanish–English bilinguals versus 41 proficiency-matched young bilinguals (Experiment 2). Self-rated proficiency was a powerful but sometimes inaccurate predictor and better predicted naming accuracy when combined with years of immersion, while percent use explained little or no unique variance. Spanish-dominant bilinguals rated themselves more strictly than English-dominant bilinguals at the same objectively measured proficiency level. Immersion affected young more than older bilinguals, and non-immersed (English-dominant) more than immersed (Spanish-dominant) bilinguals. Self-reported proficiency ratings can produce spurious results, but predictive power improves when combined with self-report questions that might be less affected by subjective judgements.
Exploring the nutritional potentials of wild Vigna legume species for neo-domestication prospects
Authors: Harouna Difo Voukang , Ndakidemi Patrick Alois , Venkataramana Pavithravani , Matemu Athanasia O. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProjected increases in human population suggest that 70% more food will be needed in the near future, this makes it imperative to search for alternative food and feed sources for human and animal nutrition to feed the exponentially growing human population. According to the FAO 2019 report, the immense challenge of achieving the Zero Hunger target by 2030 is persistent. Exploring the unexplored, refining unrefined traits, cultivating the uncultivated, and popularizing the unpopular remain the most adequate steps proposed by researchers to achieve the domestication of the undomesticated for food and nutrition security. In that line of thought, this study explored the proximate composition of 87 accessions of four wild unexplored Vigna species (V. racemosa, V. ambacensis, V. reticulata, V. vexillata) in order to reveal information leading to their future domestication and utilization. Standard procedures and methods approved by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists were used in carrying out the proximate composition (%protein, %lipid, %fibre, %ash and % moisture and % carbohydrate) of the wild Vigna legumes. The study revealed that the wild Vigna species possess a large variation range of nutrient characteristics which could be exploited in the improvement of domesticated species or guide their domestication. It was also found that some individual wild accessions have higher nutrient, content as compared with domesticated ones which could be advantageous for bio-fortification or domestication. Indications relating to the candidate accessions favourable for domestication, based on the nutrient characteristics were revealed.
Predictors of Spiritual Well-being in the Episcopal Church during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Village Andrew , Francis Leslie J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have caused both declines in psychological well-being and increases in spirituality and religious coping. This paper explores the relationships of spiritual and psychological well-being in a sample of 3,403 Anglicans from the Episcopal Church (USA) who completed an online survey in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Spiritual well-being improved more among women than among men, among older than younger people, among Black or African Americans than among other ethnicities, among those who lived alone and among clergy than among lay people. Positive change in spiritual well-being was also associated with psychological type preferences for extraversion, intuition and feeling. Emotional volatility was associated with more negative changes in spiritual well-being. Multiple regression suggested that spiritual well-being was more closely associated with positive, rather than negative, psychological affect.
The Joint Role of Focused and Molar Climates and Eudaemonic Well-being as Mediators of the Relationship between Flexible Telework and Scientific Productivity in Spanish ERC-Granted Teams
Authors: Martinolli Guido , Posada Alejandro Sanín , Belli Simone , Tomás Inés , Tordera Núria 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Flexible work arrangements, such as teleworking, have gained massive and unprecedented usage for creating work environments that foster well-being and productivity. Yet empirical evidence is still scant and not much is known about the role of organizational climate(s) in this process. Accordingly, the present study was set out to investigate the mediating mechanisms linking flexible teleworking to scientific productivity by considering climate for well-being dimensions, the climates for excellence and for innovation, and eudaemonic well-being as mediating constructs. Data were collected from 358 members of 48 Spanish European Research Council (ERC) granted teams and analyses were conducted both at the individual and team level, after checking for the relevant aggregation indexes. Relevant and significant relations were found within the hypothesized statistical model both at the individual and team level of analysis. The climate dimension of team support and the climate for innovation, together with eudaimonic well-being, resulted to be linked by significant relationships suggesting a potential mediating path. Also, empirical evidence supported considering gender as a control variable for the relationship between flexible teleworking and the climate dimension of work-life balance. In conclusion, climate variables and eudaimonic well-being represent relevant variables for the explanation of the relationship between flexible teleworking and scientific productivity. Practical and theoretical implications, and limitations are further discussed in the article.
The Role of Non‐Local Effects on Surface Sensible Heat Flux Under Different Types of Thermal Structures Over the Arctic Sea‐Ice Surface
Authors: Liu Changwei , Yang Qinghua , Gao Zhongming , Shupe Matthew D. , Han Bo , Zhang Huixian , Peng Shijie , Xi Xingya , Chen Dake 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe effects of atmospheric thermal structure on the surface energy flux are poorly understood over the Arctic sea‐ice surface. Here, we explore the mechanism of sensible heat exchange under different types of thermal structures over the Arctic sea‐ice surface by using data collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate expedition. The quadrant analysis indicates that strong surface temperature inversions below 100 m enhance non‐local effects on the positive (upward) sensible heat flux () through entrainment of large eddies from the convective boundary layer aloft. However, strong surface inversions restrict the contributions of large eddies to the negative (downward) due to intensified surface stability. By inspecting the existing parameterization schemes, we found that the European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Integrated Forecasting System scheme fails to predict the impacts of non‐local processes on the positive , and an adjustment term to correct the bias of parameterized is proposed.
Restoration and Transformation: The Response of Shocked and Oxidized Magnetite to Temperature
Authors: Mendes Bruno Daniel Leite , Kontny Agnes 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLarge impact craters on Earth are associated with prominent magnetic anomalies, residing in magnetite of the shocked target rocks and impactites. Shock experiments on magnetite suggest that up to 90% of magnetic susceptibility is lost at pressures >5 GPa, but can be partially restored by post‐shock thermal annealing. The magnetic property changes are caused by shock induced grain size reduction and fragmentation, as well as domain wall‐pinning at crystal lattice defects. A recent study of granitoids from the peak‐ring of the Chicxulub crater found that annealing may occur naturally, but can also be overprinted by high‐temperature hematite‐to‐magnetite transformation in non‐oxidizing environments. In this study, we isolate the effect of defect annealing and hematite‐to‐magnetite transformation using the evolution of hysteresis, isothermal remanent magnetization components and first order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams at different high‐temperature steps. We used a laboratory‐shocked magnetite‐quartz ore, a non‐shocked naturally oxidized granite, and a naturally shocked and oxidized granite. Our findings suggest that annealing of shock‐induced lattice defects partially restores some pre‐shock magnetic behavior and causes an apparent average bulk‐sample domain state increase. Hematite‐to‐magnetite transformation creates new fine‐grained magnetite that strongly overprints the original signal, and decreases the average bulk‐sample domain state. Where annealing and hematite‐to‐magnetite transformation both occur, the new magnetite masks the annealing‐induced property restoration and apparent domain state modification in the shocked magnetite. As magnetite oxidation is a ubiquitous process in surface rocks, these findings are fundamental to understand hematite‐to‐magnetite transformation as a potential overprint mechanism, and could have broad implications for paleomagnetic interpretations.
The Effect of Normal Stress Oscillations on Fault Slip Behavior Near the Stability Transition From Stable to Unstable Motion
Authors: Pignalberi Federico , Giorgetti Carolina , Noël Corentin , Marone Chris , Collettini Cristiano , Scuderi Marco Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTectonic fault zones are subject to normal stress variations with a wide range of spatio‐temporal scales. Stress perturbations cover a wide range of frequencies and amplitudes from high frequency seismic waves generated by earthquakes to low frequency transients associated with solid Earth tides. These perturbations can reactivate critically stressed faults and trigger earthquakes. Here, we describe lab experiments to illuminate the physics of such changes in friction and the mechanics of earthquake triggering and fault reactivation. Friction tests were done in a double direct shear configuration for conditions near the stability transition from stable to unstable motion. We studied simulated fault gouge composed of quartz powder and conducted experiments at reference normal stress from 10 to 13.5 MPa. After shearing to steady state sliding, we applied sinusoidal normal stress oscillations of amplitude 0.5–2 MPa, and period of 0.5–50 s. We performed numerical simulations using measured values of rate and state friction (RSF) parameters to assess our data. Our results show that low frequency stress oscillations cause a Coulomb‐like response of shear strength that transitions from stable slip to slow lab earthquakes as frequency increases. At the critical frequency predicted by RSF we observe periodic stick‐slip behavior. Perturbations of high amplitude and short period weaken the fault, while lower amplitudes strengthen the fault. We find that a modified RSF formulation is able to accurately match our laboratory data. Our findings highlight the complex effects of stress perturbations on fault strength and the mode of fault slip.
Drivers of Marine Heatwaves in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Richaud Benjamin , Hu Xianmin , Darmaraki Sofia , Fennel Katja , Lu Youyu , Oliver Eric C. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAmong the documented consequences of anthropogenic global warming are the increased frequency and duration of marine heatwaves in the global ocean. The literature dedicated to Arctic marine heatwaves corroborates those results, but fails to identify the heat sources and sinks. Because of the numerous feedbacks impacting polar regions, understanding the processes triggering and dissipating those extreme events is particularly important to predict their occurrence in a fast changing ocean. A three‐dimensional regional ice‐ocean numerical model is used to calculate a surface mixed layer heat budget and to investigate mechanisms generating and dissipating marine heatwaves. The majority of the marine heatwaves are onset by surface heat fluxes and decayed by bottom and surface heat fluxes. The dominant processes are spatially and seasonally heterogeneous: lateral heat flux can become the primary process when advecting heat anomalies at the main Arctic gateways or by triggering temperature extremes in winter. Using a Reynolds decomposition, it can be determined that the shoaling of the surface mixed layer induced by ice melt can significantly lengthen and intensify Arctic marine heatwaves. In winter, the analysis of marine heatwaves poses unique challenges, with the long term freshening of the Arctic inducing a positive trend of 0.1°C per decade for the freezing point. Arctic marine heatwaves are expected to keep increasing in duration and intensity due to the increased trend of the primary process, the surface heat flux, and their dissipation by bottom heat flux provides a pathway for heat from the atmosphere to the Arctic subsurface water masses.
The Sensitive Area for Targeting Observations of Paired Mesoscale Eddies Associated With Sea Surface Height Anomaly Forecasts
Authors: Jiang Lin , Duan Wansuo , Wang Hui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor paired mesoscale eddies, the most sensitive initial errors in relation to sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) forecasts are investigated by utilizing the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) method in a two‐layer quasigeostrophic model and then the sensitive areas are identified accordingly. For counter‐rotating eddies, the CNOP initial errors primarily occur within the eddies themselves, especially in areas characterized by clear high‐to low‐velocity gradients, accompanied by shear structures; while for co‐rotating eddies, besides sharing the feature of the former, their CNOP initial errors also concentrate between the two eddies and are obliquely tangential to their boundaries with a positive and negative shear structure. The utility of the CNOP initial errors in determining the sensitive areas for target observation is assessed through observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs). The OSSEs indicate that giving priority to the implementation of target observations in the sensitive areas identified by large CNOP initial errors, whether within eddies or between two co‐rotating eddies, particularly with a specific array guided by the shear structure of CNOP initial errors, leads to a notable improvement in SSHA forecasting. Finally, the effectiveness of the target observations, especially within the sensitive area situated between two co‐rotating eddies, is interpreted from the perspective of barotropic instability. The results of this study offer valuable scientific insights into the targeted observation of paired mesoscale eddies. These findings have the potential to provide important guidance for initializating paired mesoscale eddies, ultimately contributing to improvements in SSHA forecast accuracy.
Ice‐Ocean Interactions on Ocean Worlds Influence Ice Shell Topography
Authors: Lawrence J. D. , Schmidt B. E. , Buffo J. J. , Washam P. M. , Chivers C. , Miller S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe freezing point of water is negatively dependent on pressure; therefore in any ocean without external forcing it is warmest at the surface and grows colder with depth. Below floating ice on Earth (e.g., ice shelves or sea ice), this pressure dependence combines with gradients in the ice draft to drive an ice redistribution process termed the “ice pump”: submerged ice melts, upwells, and then refreezes at shallower depths. Ice pumping is an exchange process between the ocean and overhead ice that results in unique ice compositions and textures and influences the distribution of sub‐ice habitats on Earth. Here, we scale recent observations from Earth's ice shelves to planetary conditions and find that ice pumping is expected for a wide range of possible sub‐ice shell pressures and salinity at other ocean worlds such as Europa and Enceladus. We show how ice pumping would affect hypothetical basal ice shell topography and ice thickness under varying ocean conditions and demonstrate how remote sensing of the ice shell draft can be used to estimate temperature gradients in the upper ocean ahead of in situ exploration. For example, the approximately 22 km gradient observed in Enceladus' ice shell draft between the south pole and the equator suggests a temperature differential of 0.18 K at the base of the ice shell. These concepts can extend the interpretation of observations from upcoming ocean world missions, and link ice shell topography to ice‐ocean material exchange processes that may prove important to overall ocean world habitability.
On‐Orbit Spatial Performance Characterization for Thermal Infrared Imagers of Landsat 7, 8, and 9, ECOSTRESS and CTI
Authors: Holmes T. R. H. , Poulter B. , McCorkel J. , Jennings D. E. , Wu D. L. , Efremova B. , Shiklomanov A. , Johnson W. R. , Jhabvala M. , Hook S. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this analysis of the spatial resolving power of thermal imagery products we focus on four satellite instruments that are used in research and applications, for example, to monitor land surface temperature and derive evapotranspiration. These are thermal imagers on Landsat 7, Landsat 8, and Landsat 9, as well as the ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS). We compiled sets of close‐in‐time, day‐time images of bridges surrounded by open water bodies, captured by each of the satellite imagers during cloud‐free moments. Where possible, we also included some images captured by the Compact Thermal Imager (CTI), a technology demonstrator that was co‐located with ECOSTRESS on the International Space Station in 2019. Bridges were found to provide a sufficient thermal contrast with the water surface to quantify the line‐spread function of satellite‐based thermal products. The full‐width‐at‐half‐max of a gaussian beam model fitted to this transect quantifies the on‐orbit spatial resolution of different imagers. The results show some loss of spatial resolving power in the final product delivered to end‐users as compared to the at‐sensor characterization of spatial resolution. For Landsat 7, 8, and 9, the spatial resolution of the thermal bands is 1.5 times the ground sampling distance of 60 and 100 m respectively. For the ECOSTRESS the difference is up to twice the sampling distance of 78 by 69 m2. Since spatial resolution is a main driver for instrument design it is important to understand and communicate this discrepancy between pre‐flight design parameters and the characteristics of the surface imagery delivered to the user community. The goal of this research is to facilitate an improved fusion of current and future satellite observations into harmonized products with superior temporal and spatial characteristics.
Distinct characteristics of the DNA damage response in mammalian oocytes
Authors: Leem Jiyeon , Lee Crystal , Choi Da Yi , Oh Jeong Su 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDNA damage is a critical threat that poses significant challenges to all cells. To address this issue, cells have evolved a sophisticated molecular and cellular process known as the DNA damage response (DDR). Among the various cell types, mammalian oocytes, which remain dormant in the ovary for extended periods, are particularly susceptible to DNA damage. The occurrence of DNA damage in oocytes can result in genetic abnormalities, potentially leading to infertility, birth defects, and even abortion. Therefore, understanding how oocytes detect and repair DNA damage is of paramount importance in maintaining oocyte quality and preserving fertility. Although the fundamental concept of the DDR is conserved across various cell types, an emerging body of evidence reveals striking distinctions in the DDR between mammalian oocytes and somatic cells. In this review, we highlight the distinctive characteristics of the DDR in oocytes and discuss the clinical implications of DNA damage in oocytes.
Analog spatiotemporal feature extraction for cognitive radio-frequency sensing with integrated photonics
Authors: Xu Shaofu , Liu Binshuo , Yi Sicheng , Wang Jing , Zou Weiwen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnalog feature extraction (AFE) is an appealing strategy for low-latency and efficient cognitive sensing systems since key features are much sparser than the Nyquist-sampled data. However, applying AFE to broadband radio-frequency (RF) scenarios is challenging due to the bandwidth and programmability bottlenecks of analog electronic circuitry. Here, we introduce a photonics-based scheme that extracts spatiotemporal features from broadband RF signals in the analog domain. The feature extractor structure inspired by convolutional neural networks is implemented on integrated photonic circuits to process RF signals from multiple antennas, extracting valid features from both temporal and spatial dimensions. Because of the tunability of the photonic devices, the photonic spatiotemporal feature extractor is trainable, which enhances the validity of the extracted features. Moreover, a digital-analog-hybrid transfer learning method is proposed for the effective and low-cost training of the photonic feature extractor. To validate our scheme, we demonstrate a radar target recognition task with a 4-GHz instantaneous bandwidth. Experimental results indicate that the photonic analog feature extractor tackles broadband RF signals and reduces the sampling rate of analog-to-digital converters to 1/4 of the Nyquist sampling while maintaining a high target recognition accuracy of 97.5%. Our scheme offers a promising path for exploiting the AFE strategy in the realm of cognitive RF sensing, with the potential to contribute to the efficient signal processing involved in applications such as autonomous driving, robotics, and smart factories.
Heterogeneity and tumoral origin of medulloblastoma in the single-cell era
Authors: Sheng Hui , Li Haotai , Zeng Han , Zhang Bin , Lu Yu , Liu Xixi , Xu Zhongwen , Zhang Jing , Zhang Liguo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMedulloblastoma is one of the most common malignant pediatric brain tumors derived from posterior fossa. The current treatment includes maximal safe surgical resection, radiotherapy, whole cranio-spinal radiation and adjuvant with chemotherapy. However, it can only limitedly prolong the survival time with severe side effects and relapse. Defining the intratumoral heterogeneity, cellular origin and identifying the interaction network within tumor microenvironment are helpful for understanding the mechanisms of medulloblastoma tumorigenesis and relapse. Due to technological limitations, the mechanisms of cellular heterogeneity and tumor origin have not been fully understood. Recently, the emergence of single-cell technology has provided a powerful tool for achieving the goal of understanding the mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Several studies have demonstrated the intratumoral heterogeneity and tumor origin for each subtype of medulloblastoma utilizing the single-cell RNA-seq, which has not been uncovered before using conventional technologies. In this review, we present an overview of the current progress in understanding of cellular heterogeneity and tumor origin of medulloblastoma and discuss novel findings in the age of single-cell technologies.