bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the impact of machine learning algorithms on the quality of online geocoding services: a case study using COVID-19 data
Authors: Kilic Batuhan , Bayrak Onur Can , Gülgen Fatih , Gurturk Mert , Abay Perihan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn today's era, the address plays a crucial role as one of the key components that enable mobility in daily life. Address data are used by global map platforms and location-based services to pinpoint a geographically referenced location. Geocoding provided by online platforms is useful in the spatial tracking of reported cases and controls in the spatial analysis of infectious illnesses such as COVID-19. The first and most critical phase in the geocoding process is address matching. However, due to typographical errors, variations in abbreviations used, and incomplete or malformed addresses, the matching can seldom be performed with 100% accuracy. The purpose of this research is to examine the capabilities of machine learning classifiers that can be used to measure the consistency of address matching results produced by online geocoding services and to identify the best performing classifier. The performance of the seven machine learning classifiers was compared using several text similarity measures, which assess the match scores between the input address data and the services' output. The data utilized in the testing came from four distinct online geocoding services applied to 925 addresses in Türkiye. The findings from this study revealed that the Random Forest machine learning classifier was the most accurate in the address matching procedure. While the results of this study hold true for similar datasets in Türkiye, additional research is required to determine whether they apply to data in other countries.
Sentiment analysis of tweets using text and graph multi-views learning
Authors: Singh Loitongbam Gyanendro , Singh Sanasam Ranbir 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the surge of deep learning framework, various studies have attempted to address the challenges of sentiment analysis of tweets (data sparsity, under-specificity, noise, and multilingual content) through text and network-based representation learning approaches. However, limited studies on combining the benefits of textual and structural (graph) representations for sentiment analysis of tweets have been carried out. This study proposes a multi-view learning framework (end-to-end and ensemble-based) that leverages both text-based and graph-based representation learning approaches to enrich the tweet representation for sentiment classification. The efficacy of the proposed framework is evaluated over three datasets using suitable baseline counterparts. From various experimental studies, it is observed that combining both textual and structural views can achieve better performance of sentiment classification tasks than its counterparts.
Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines europarechtskonformen Bestandsmanagements für den Wolf
Authors: Brenner Michael 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDas von der sog. Ampelkoalition im Koalitionsvertrag niedergelegte Ziel, ein Bestandsmanagement für
den Wolf zu verwirklichen, sieht sich einem dichten Geflecht rechtlicher Vorgaben gegenüber, die zum
einen in der FFH-Richtlinie enthalten sind, sich zum anderen und vor allem aus der sehr ins Detail gehenden
Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs ergeben. Vor dem Hintergrund dieses dicht gewobenen unionsrechtlichen
Rahmens geht der nachfolgende Beitrag der Frage nach, ob und in welcher konkreten Ausgestaltung ein unionsrechtskonformes
Bestandsmanagement für den Wolf verwirklicht werden kann. Letztlich steht dabei die Frage im Raum,
ob das gegenwärtige Rechtsregime des BNatSchG, das sich auf bloß reaktive Maßnahmen im Falle
von Wolfsrissen beschränkt, mit Blick auf die ständig wachsenden Wolfsbestände dahingehend
ergänzt werden kann, dass eine planmäßige Bejagung des Wolfes im Rahmen eines Wolfsmanagements
möglich wird.
Art Project Virtual Reality for Global Citizenship Education
Authors: Sanz-Prieto Mariano , De Pablo González Gema , De Pablo Sánchez Nuria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe recent COVID-19 pandemic situation, where people's mobility has been reduced and compromised, has highlighted the need to acquire new technical skills and develop new educational plans that allow students to continue to enjoy different places and learn without having to move. In order to respond to this scenario, many schools are turning to Virtual Reality (VR) as a technology that allows students to experience a variety of experiences and destinations around the world without having to leave the classroom. Moreover, such technology can also be a way to better educate primary and secondary school students about the changing world we live in an innovative, modern and engaging way. The ART Project aims to connect VR methodology with global citizenship and arts education, thus enabling the online teaching of global citizenship, including art and culture, in an engaging and creative way. Specifically, the main objective is to offer a special training model that can guarantee access to art and culture through VR technology. In this article we present two main objectives derived from the project, which are to provide innovative global citizenship education to explore, discover and stimulate students' interest and to enable the possibility for teachers to contribute to the development of teaching materials and the presentation of this material on the platform.
Truthlikeness and the Number of Planets
Authors: Kuipers Theo A. F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExamples of hypotheses about the number of planets are frequently used to introduce the topic of (actual) truthlikeness but never analyzed in detail. In this paper we first deal with the truthlikeness of singular quantity hypotheses, with reference to several ‘the number of planets’ examples, such as ‘The number of planets is 10 versus 10 billion (instead of 8).’ For the relevant ratio scale of quantities we will propose two, strongly related, normalized metrics, the proportional metric and the (simplest and hence favorite) fractional metric, to express e.g. the distance from a hypothetical number to the true number of planets, i.e. the distance between quantities. We argue that they are, in view of the examples and plausible conditions of adequacy, much more appropriate, than the standardly suggested, normalized absolute difference, metric.Next we deal with disjunctive hypotheses, such as ‘The number of planets is between 7 and 10 inclusive is much more truthlike than between 1 and 10 billion inclusive.’ We compare three (clusters of) general ways of dealing with such hypotheses, one from Ilkka Niiniluoto, one from Pavel Tichý and Graham Oddie, and a trio of ways from Theo Kuipers. Using primarily the fractional metric, we conclude that all five measures can be used for expressing the distance of disjunctive hypotheses from the actual truth, that all of them have their strong and weak points, but that (the combined) one of the trio is, in view of principle and practical considerations, the most plausible measure.
CACTUSS: Common Anatomical CT-US Space for US examinations
Authors: Velikova Yordanka , Simson Walter , Azampour Mohammad Farid , Paprottka Philipp , Navab Nassir 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurpose:The detection and treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a vascular disorder with life-threatening consequences, is challenging due to its lack of symptoms until it reaches a critical size. Abdominal ultrasound (US) is utilized for diagnosis; however, its inherent low image quality and reliance on operator expertise make computed tomography (CT) the preferred choice for monitoring and treatment. Moreover, CT datasets have been effectively used for training deep neural networks for aorta segmentation. In this work, we demonstrate how leveraging CT labels can be used to improve segmentation in ultrasound and hence save manual annotations.Methods:We introduce CACTUSS: a common anatomical CT-US space that inherits properties from both CT and ultrasound modalities to produce an image in intermediate representation (IR) space. CACTUSS acts as a virtual third modality between CT and US to address the scarcity of annotated ultrasound training data. The generation of IR images is facilitated by re-parametrizing a physics-based US simulator. In CACTUSS we use IR images as training data for ultrasound segmentation, eliminating the need for manual labeling. In addition, an image-to-image translation network is employed for the model’s application on real B-modes.Results:The model’s performance is evaluated quantitatively for the task of aorta segmentation by comparison against a fully supervised method in terms of Dice Score and diagnostic metrics. CACTUSS outperforms the fully supervised network in segmentation and meets clinical requirements for AAA screening and diagnosis.Conclusion:CACTUSS provides a promising approach to improve US segmentation accuracy by leveraging CT labels, reducing the need for manual annotations. We generate IRs that inherit properties from both modalities while preserving the anatomical structure and are optimized for the task of aorta segmentation. Future work involves integrating CACTUSS into robotic ultrasound platforms for automated screening and conducting clinical feasibility studies.
Fuzzy-based video compression using bilinear fuzzy relation equations
Authors: Cardone Barbara , Di Martino Ferdinando 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present a novel color video compression method using the greatest solution of a system of bilinear fuzzy relation equations to assess the similarity between frames. The frames in each band are treated separately and each frame is classified as an Intra frame or a Predictive frame. A frame is labelled as Predictive frame, and compressed more than an Intra-frame, if the similarity value with the previous Intra frame is higher than a selected threshold; A pre-processing activity is performed to select the optimal threshold value of the similarity between frames. The proposed method allows to supply a high quality of the reconstructed frames and has the advantage of not requiring high CPU time and memory storage for its execution; it was tested on color videos of the Fast-Moving Objects dataset; the results show that it produces better performances than the Lukasiewicz similarity-based video compression method and comparable with those achieved by MPEG-4 and the deep learning video compression method DVC_pro. The results show that the quality of the reconstructed frames obtained with BFRE is comparable with that of DVC Pro, but has a lower computational complexity, providing better performances in terms of video encoding speed.
The Impact of Technological Progress on the Future of Work: Insights from a Survey on Alternative Employment Contracts in OECD Countries
Authors: Deruelle Thibaud , Montero Andrey Ugarte , Wagner Joël 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Technology is changing how individuals work and the nature of the job contracts they take. New job market realities include gig work, working for multiple employers, part-time, and on short-term contracts. This study aims to understand whether individuals believe that technological change will lead their industries to experience an increase in alternative work contracts, including self-employment as well as temporary and multiple employer contracts. Through an OECD survey carried out in 25 countries, we find that most individuals expect these work conditions to become more common. However, people’s opinion highly depends on their country of residence and industry of work.
Broken brakes and dreaming drivers: the heuristic value of causal models in the law
Authors: Fischer Enno 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecently, there has been an increased interest in employing model-based definitions of actual causation in legal inquiry. The formal precision of such approaches promises to be an improvement over more traditional approaches. Yet model-based approaches are viable only if suitable models of legal cases can be provided, and providing such models is sometimes difficult. I argue that causal-model-based definitions benefit legal inquiry in an indirect way. They make explicit the causal assumptions that need to be made plausible to defend a particular claim of actual causation. My argument concerns the analysis of legal cases involving a combination of double prevention and causal redundancy. I show that discussions among legal theorists about such cases sometimes suffer from ambiguous assumptions about the causal structure. My account illustrates that causal models can act as a heuristic tool for clarifying such assumptions, and that causal models provide a framework for more accurate analyses of legal cases involving complex causal structure.
Optimization of Laser Cutting Parameters for PMMA Using Metaheuristic Algorithms
Authors: Ürgün Satılmış , Yiğit Halil , Fidan Sinan , Sınmazçelik Tamer 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study fixates on determining the optimum laser input parameters that simultaneously meet the desired kerf width and depth during CO2 laser cutting of various polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) sheets. It has three contributions. The first is to model the cutting process of PMMA by polynomial curve fitting as a function of laser power, laser speed, and standoff distance. R-squared (R2), adjusted R2 and root-mean-square error (RMSE) criteria were taken into account to measure the performance of the proposed model. The effect of laser parameters on the process is investigated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and sensitivity analysis. The second is to optimize the derived nonlinear regression models using genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and ant lion optimization (ALO) metaheuristic methods and compare the performances of the algorithms. The third is to compare the adequacy of the optimization process with the artificial neural network (ANN). The investigations exhibited that the best-fitting polynomials are obtained with the R2 and adjusted R2 values of over 99% and 97%, respectively. ANOVA and sensitivity test revealed that the sensitivity of the laser power, which is the most effective parameter, was 150 at low powers and decreased to 0 as the power value increased. When the nozzle distance is 4.1, the proposed metaheuristics gave effective and sufficiently accurate results. PSO stood out in terms of both best cost value (3.49 × 10–8) and relative error value (0.19%). The relative error of the ANN was found as 3% in terms of kerf depth.
Unravelling the wellbeing needs of Australian teachers: a qualitative inquiry
Authors: Lemon Narelle , Turner Kristina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe declining wellbeing of Australian teachers is a longstanding problem, with much attention on retention, stress, burnout, and poor resourcing and conditions that impact wellbeing. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has further illuminated these challenges. This qualitative study aimed to explore Australian teachers’ perceptions of their wellbeing needs with a focus on asking the questions that are often not asked—what is working, what are we learning, and how can we move forward to support teacher wellbeing? The voices of teachers revealed findings that support a much-needed shift in teacher wellbeing rhetoric in Australia. We illuminate five key areas that influence teacher and sector perceptions of wellbeing: (1) school leadership, (2) professional development, (3) workload and work-life balance, (4) relationships, and (5) stress, positive emotions, and accomplishment. These findings contribute to the need for a change in how teacher wellbeing is approached and highlight the possible implications of what is working, needs, barriers, and insights for preservice teacher education and professional development of teachers.
Property parameter determination in individual layers for separately fractured wells with commingled production in multi-layered reservoirs
Authors: Nie Ren-Shi , Zhang Jianye , Tang Yong , Chen Zhangxin , Deng Qi , Cai Mingjin , Zhou Jie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAt present, without any separate rate test for each layer, there is no way to determinate the properties of individual layers for separately fractured wells with commingled production in multi-layered reservoirs. In order to address this issue, much research work was performed and elucidated in this article. To begin with, we illustrated a basic physical model for a separately fractured well in a multi-layered reservoir. Next, we stated the common determination method that can only be used to gain the average properties of multi-layered reservoirs. Then, according to the physical model, we newly established a mathematical model and plotted standard well-test type curves; additionally, we also discussed why we cannot determinate the properties of individual layers by using the new well-test model. What’s more, we presented a new method to determinate the properties of individual layers. Moreover, we compared the advantages and disadvantages among the three methods. In addition, by using the new determination method, we particularly took two field wells as examples to demonstrate how to determine the properties of individual layers. The proposed new method was validated by use of the common method, the new well-test model and the microseismic monitoring results. At the end, we summarized the research conclusions and indicated that the new method was a good tool to determinate the properties of individual layers in multi-layered reservoirs.
Contrasting Phosphorus Build-up and Drawdown Dynamics in Soils Receiving Dairy Processing Sludge and Mineral Fertilisers
Authors: Khomenko Olha , Fenton Owen , Leahy J. J. , Daly Karen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSustainable utilisation of waste from the food industry is required to transition to a circular economy. The dairy industry relies on high phosphorus (P) inputs and produces large quantities of P-rich dairy processing sludge (DPS). Recycling DPS into P fertilisers provides an opportunity to decrease the reliance on chemical P fertilisers. However, current soil nutrient management planning (NMP) is based on chemical P and does not account for recycled alternatives. A pot trial using a novel isotope pool dilution technique was used to describe build-up and drawdown cycles of P in soils fertilised with DPS. Changes in available, exchangeable, and Mehlich3 P (M3-P) pools were recorded over 36 weeks of grass growth. Results demonstrated that in the period of high P demand (12 weeks), these P pools were depleted. As crop growth and demand decreased, available P recovered through mobilisation of P from exchangeable P and M3-P reserves. DPS allowed available P to recover and build up to agronomic target levels after 24 weeks. Using DPS, build-up of available and exchangeable P was slower but P use efficiency was higher at stages of slow growth. Dairy waste created a more stable P pool which could be utilised by crops over a growing season indicating that NMP needs to account for this in the decision support for growers. Isotope studies revealed that extractive agronomic tests do not capture drawdown in P reserves.
Effects of Smoking on Intima-Media Thickness of the Common Carotid Artery Using Ultrasonography
Authors: Alsiddig Asmaa Mustafa , Ali Ibrahim Abdelrhim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Cigarette smoking is a causative factor in premature atherosclerosis, but the exact mechanism of smoking-induced damage to the arterial wall and its relationship to the atherosclerotic process are still largely unknown. Carotid ultrasound may help target treatment. The aim of this study was to measure carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid Doppler parameters in Sudanese smokers compared to non-smokers using ultrasound.

Methods
This was a retrospective, case–control, community-based study conducted between June 2021 and September 2021. The study was conducted on 100 Sudanese subjects (50 smokers as the case group and 50 non-smokers as the control group). The practical part was conducted in Khartoum State at Al Raqi University Hospital using the E-CUBE 8-ALPINION and at Yastbshroon Hospital using the Fukuda Denshi Sefius UF890AG with a high-frequency linear transducer (7–10 MHz). Scanning was performed in the supine position with the neck extended. Pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler spectral and IMT measurements were obtained.

Results
The mean age was 29.8 ± 4.5 years (range 24–40 years), and the mean IMT in smokers was 0.6 ± 0.06 mm, which was greater than the mean in non-smokers (0.462 ± 0.09 mm) (p = 0.000). Peak systolic velocity (PSV) was increased in smokers (40.0 ± 5.67 cm/s) compared to non-smokers (26.5 ± 5.6 cm/s) (p = 0.000), and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) was decreased in smokers (6.0 ± 1.2 cm/s) compared to non-smokers (9.8 ± 2.2 cm/s) (p = 0.000). In addition, the resistive index (RI) and the systolic-diastolic ratio (S/D) were not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers. The study showed that there was a significant positive correlation between IMT and the number of cigarettes per day in chronic smokers (p < 0.05), whereas peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were not affected in chronic smokers.

Conclusions
There was a statistically insignificant difference between the case (smokers) and control (non-smokers) groups in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), resistance index (RI), and systolic–diastolic ratio (S/D). While there were statistically significant differences in intima-media thickness (IMT), peak systolic velocity (PSV), and end-diastolic velocity (EDV), regular follow-up of individuals with a history of smoking is recommended to detect carotid intimal changes earlier.
Can a Local Food Label Nudge Consumer Behavior? Implications of an Eye-tracking Study of Honey Products
Authors: Huang Yu-Kai , Palma Marco A. , Rangel Juliana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study presents an eye-tracking experiment to investigate consumer responses toward local Texas honey. Honey adulteration news was used as a treatment along with product attributes, such as a certified Texas honey seal, price, organic, and product reviews. The eye-tracking technology was applied to examine the effect of attribute-non-attendance to measure the treatment effects more robustly. The results show that honey adulteration information increases consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for some quality-related attributes. The results also show that negative product reviews have a much larger reduction in the magnitude of WTP than the increase produced by positive product reviews.