bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Nature-Based Solutions and climate change scenarios toward flood risk management in the greater Athens area—Greece
Authors: Theochari Aimilia-Panagiota , Baltas Evangelos 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research paper focuses on implementing two Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in the Sarantapotamos river basin upstream of Magoula settlement, evaluating their effectiveness through flood hydrograph calculations before and after NBS, and under future climate scenarios, encompassing lower, mean, and upper conditions representing ± 95%. The study area covers an area of 226 km2 in Attica, Greece, susceptible to extreme flood events. The research contributes to NBS knowledge, emphasizing flood resilience and protecting settlements downstream. Land cover change and retention ponds, applied individually and combined, serve as NBS approaches. Flood hydrographs are calculated using the time–area (TA) diagram method in a geographic information system (GIS) with the Hydrological Engineering Center’s Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS). Results demonstrate NBS effectiveness in current climate conditions, reducing peak discharge by 9.3% and 28% for land cover change and retention ponds, respectively. The combined NBS achieves a 40.5% peak discharge reduction and a significant 15.7% total flood volume decrease. Under climate change scenarios, impacts on design precipitation and flood hydrographs vary. The upper climate change scenario exhibits a 3348% increase in peak discharge and a 600% rise in total flood volume, while the lower scenario sees a 44.6% reduction in total flood volume. In the mean climate change scenario, land cover change and retention ponds reduce peak discharge by 9.73% and 23.11% and total flood volume by 9.25% and 2.17%, respectively. In conclusion, retention ponds show substantial peak discharge reduction, while land cover changes extend the time to peak, emphasizing their potential in flood risk management.
Chaos and integrability of relativistic homogeneous potentials in curved space
Authors: Szumiński Wojciech , Przybylska Maria , Maciejewski Andrzej J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRelativistic Hamiltonian systems of n degrees of freedom in static curved spaces are considered. The source of space-time curvature is a scalar potential $$V(\varvec{q})$$

V
(

q

)

. In the limit of weak potential $$2V(\varvec{q})/mc^2\ll 1$$

2
V

(

q

)

/
m

c
2

≪
1

, and small momentum $$|\varvec{p} |/ mc\ll 1$$

|

p

|
/
m
c
≪
1

, these systems transform into the corresponding non-relativistic flat Hamiltonian’s with the standard sum of kinetic energy plus potential $$V(\varvec{q})$$

V
(

q

)

. We compare the dynamics of the classical and the corresponding relativistic curved counterparts on examples of important physical models: the Hénon–Heiles system, the Armbruster–Guckenheimer–Kim galactic system and swinging Atwood’s machine. Our main results are formulated for relativistic Hamiltonian systems with homogeneous potentials of non-zero integer degree k of homogeneity. First, we show that the integrability of a non-relativistic flat Hamiltonian with a homogeneous potential is a necessary condition for the integrability of its relativistic counterpart in curved space-time with the same homogeneous potential or with a non-homogeneous potential that the lowest homogenous part coincides with this homogeneous potential. Moreover, we formulate necessary integrability conditions for relativistic Hamiltonian systems with homogeneous potentials in curved space-time. These conditions were obtained from analysis of the differential Galois group of variational equations along a particular straight-line solution defined by a non-zero vector $$\varvec{d}$$

d

satisfying $$V'(\varvec{d})=\gamma \varvec{d}$$

V
′

(

d

)

=
γ

d

for a certain $$\gamma \ne 0$$

γ
≠
0

. They are very strong: if the relativistic system is integrable in the Liouville sense, then either $$k=\pm 2$$

k
=
±
2

, or all non-trivial eigenvalues of the re-scaled Hessian $$\gamma ^{-1}V''(\varvec{d})$$

γ

-
1

V

′
′

(

d

)

are either 0, or 1. Certain integrable relativistic systems are presented.
Performance characterization and modeling of an oscillating surge wave energy converter
Authors: Ahmed Alaa , Yang Lisheng , Huang Jianuo , Shalaby Ahmed , Datla Raju , Zuo Lei , Hajj Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTesting wave energy converters in the ocean could be expensive and complex, which necessitates the use of numerical modeling. However, accurately modeling the response of wave energy converters with high-fidelity simulations can be computationally intensive in the design stage where different configurations must be considered. Reduced-order models based on simplified equations of motion can be very useful in the design, optimization, or control of wave energy converters. Given the complex dynamics of wave energy converters, accurate representation, and evaluation of relative contributions by different forces are required. This effort is concerned with a performance characterization of the hydrodynamic response of an oscillating surge wave energy converter that is based on a reduced-order model. A state-space model is used to represent the radiation damping term. Morison’s representation of unsteady forces is used to account for the nonlinear damping. Wave tank tests are performed to validate simulations. A free response simulation is used to determine the coefficients of the state-space model. Torque-forced simulations are used to identify the coefficients of the nonlinear damping term for different amplitudes and wave frequencies. The impact of varying these coefficients on the response is investigated. An assessment of the capability of the model in predicting the hydrodynamic response under irregular forcing is performed. The results show that the maximum error is 3% when compared with high-fidelity simulations. It is determined that the nonlinear damping is proportional to the torque amplitude and its effects are more pronounced as the amplitude of the flap oscillations increases.
Pharmaceutical and pesticide mixtures in a Mediterranean coastal wetland: comparison of sampling methods, ecological risks, and removal by a constructed wetland
Authors: Martínez-Megías Claudia , Arenas-Sánchez Alba , Manjarrés-López Diana , Pérez Sandra , Soriano Yolanda , Picó Yolanda , Rico Andreu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPharmaceuticals and pesticides can be considered hazardous compounds for Mediterranean coastal wetland ecosystems. Although many of these compounds co-occur in environmental samples, only a few studies have been dedicated to assessing the ecotoxicological risks of complex contaminant mixtures. We evaluated the occurrence of 133 pharmaceuticals and pesticides in 12 sites in a protected Mediterranean wetland, the Albufera Natural Park (ANP), based on conventional grab sampling and polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS). We assessed acute and chronic ecological risks posed by these contaminant mixtures using the multi-substance Potentially Affected Fraction (msPAF) approach and investigated the capacity of a constructed wetland to reduce chemical exposure and risks. This study shows that pharmaceuticals and pesticides are widespread contaminants in the ANP, with samples containing up to 75 different compounds. POCIS samplers were found to be useful for the determination of less predictable exposure profiles of pesticides occurring at the end of the rice cultivation cycle, while POCIS and grab samples provide an accurate method to determine (semi-)continuous pharmaceutical exposure. Acute risks were identified in one sample, while chronic risks were determined in most of the collected samples, with 5–25% of aquatic species being potentially affected. The compounds that contributed to the chronic risks were azoxystrobin, ibuprofen, furosemide, caffeine, and some insecticides (diazinon, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid). The evaluated constructed wetland reduced contaminant loads by 45–73% and reduced the faction of species affected from 25 to 6%. Our study highlights the need of addressing contaminant mixture effects in Mediterranean wetlands and supports the use of constructed wetlands to reduce contaminant loads and risks in areas with high anthropogenic pressure.
Comparing the Effect of Low-Temperature Plasma on Cleaning and Polishing Coins with a Chemical Method and the Reversed Effect on the Plasma Properties
Authors: Talab A. A. , Abido Amr M. N. , Mohamed Gehad G. , Fikry Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe main goal of this work is to use a simplified idea to provide a scientifically accurate plasma device at a reasonable cost and benefit to society. It is an attempt to present designing and building one plasma system that can operate as three plasma experiments using the same instruments. These experiments are glow discharge, magnetron, and sputtering. This study focused on working the device as a DC glow discharge argon plasma device by a positive electrode made of a copper rod. The Paschen curve was measured at different distances between the cathode and the anode (4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 cm). From these results, the operating conditions of argon gas pressure and voltage that will produce plasma at each distance were determined. The investigated pressures were $$1 \times {10 }^{-1}$$

1
×

10

-
1

and $$2 \times {10 }^{-1}$$

2
×

10

-
1

mbar, while the operating voltage ranged from 110 to 160 V. The generated plasma was used to clean and polish the surface of two Egyptian fifty-piaster coins (still in circulation) at different exposure times as a practical application for the designed plasma device. After that, the results will be compared with cleaning and polishing a coin by a chemical method. The observed cleaning and polishing by the plasma is better and resists the environmental effect more than the chemical polishing method. This is related to the plasma treatment of the surface of the metal, while the chemical replaces the dirty layer as a result of reaction with it without treating the metal surface itself. The reversed effect of the sample (coins) on the plasma parameters (voltage and current) during its exposure time is considered one of the most novel included in this work. Besides, the temperature increases of the chamber surface during the working time were recorded.
Wahrnehmung von Genderaspekten in der Beziehung zwischen Ärzt:innen und Patient:innen bei myalgischer Enzephalomyelitis/chronischem Fatigue-Syndrom (ME/CFS)
Authors: Habermann-Horstmeier Lotte , Horstmeier Lukas M. 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Frauen sind mehr als doppelt so häufig von myalgischer Enzephalomyelitis/chronischem Fatigue-Syndrom (ME/CFS) betroffen wie Männer. Da viele von einer problematischen Beziehung zwischen Ärzt:innen und Patient:innen (AP-Beziehung) berichten, sollen hier Genderaspekte analysiert werden, die aus Sicht der erkrankten Frauen Einfluss hierauf haben könnten.

Methode
Im Rahmen eines explorativen qualitativen Surveys wurden 544 ärztlich diagnostizierte ME/CFS-Erkrankte (> 20 Jahre; ♀ n = 455, ♂ n = 89) schriftlich nach ihren Erfahrungen bezüglich ihrer AP-Beziehungen befragt. Der Fragebogen war analog eines fokussierten Leitfadeninterviews aufgebaut. Die erhobenen Daten wurden einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring unterzogen. Zudem wurden einzelne Angaben quantifiziert und im Hinblick auf genderbezogene Unterschiede statistisch betrachtet.

Ergebnisse
Probandinnen beschrieben, dass Ärzt:innen ihnen bestimmte Eigenschaften (emotional, überempfindlich, ängstlich) und Verhaltensweisen (schildern unspezifische Symptome, übertreiben) zuschrieben. Sie seien „schwierige“ Patientinnen, deren Symptome emotional und damit psychisch bedingt seien. Auch fühlten sie sich häufiger als Männer nicht ernstgenommen. Ihre Wahrnehmungen würden in Frage gestellt, man zweifele ihre Glaubwürdigkeit an. Sie gaben zudem in ihren Fragebögen signifikant häufiger als Männer Symptome an, die von Ärzt:innen eher als unspezifisch und subjektiv eingeordnet werden.

Schlussfolgerungen
Genderbezogenes Auftreten/Verhalten von Ärzt:innen tritt oft bei Krankheiten mit „subjektiven“, „unspezifischen“ Symptomen auf. Emotionale Symptomenschilderungen führen dann dazu, dass die Wahrnehmung der Betroffenen in Frage gestellt und von einer psychischen Störung ausgegangen wird. In Zukunft sollte dieses Schubladen-Denken im Rahmen der Diagnosefindung bei ME/CFS von einer systemischen, den gesamten Organismus einbeziehenden Betrachtung möglicher pathophysiologischer Vorgänge abgelöst werden, bevor eine psychosomatische Diagnose gestellt wird. Zudem sollte bereits während des Medizinstudiums immer wieder auf die besondere Bedeutung der Geschlechtersensibilität im Hinblick auf die AP-Beziehung hingewiesen werden.
The Expansion of Genetic Testing in Cardiovascular Medicine: Preparing the Cardiology Community for the Changing Landscape
Authors: Reza Nosheen , Alford Raye L. , Belmont John W. , Marston Nicholas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Pathogenic DNA variants underlie many cardiovascular disease phenotypes. The most well-recognized of these include familial dyslipidemias, cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias, and aortopathies. The clinical presentations of monogenic forms of cardiovascular disease are often indistinguishable from those with complex genetic and non-genetic etiologies, making genetic testing an essential aid to precision diagnosis.

Recent Findings
Precision diagnosis enables efficient management, appropriate use of emerging targeted therapies, and follow-up of at-risk family members. Genetic testing for these conditions is widely available but under-utilized.

Summary
In this review, we summarize the potential benefits of genetic testing, highlighting the specific cardiovascular disease phenotypes in which genetic testing should be considered, and how clinicians can integrate guideline-directed genetic testing into their practice.
The Role of CCTA-derived Cardiac Structure and Function Analysis in the Prediction of Readmission in Nonischemic Heart Failure
Authors: Liu Chengjia , Lin Shuangxiang , Sheng Yangyang , Wang Xinghong , Sun Jianzhong , Wu Jiaxing , Yu Risheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCardiac function and structure significantly impact nonischemic heart failure (HF) patient outcomes. This study investigated 236 patients (107 nonischemic heart failure, 129 healthy) to assess the relationship between coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-derived parameters and clinical outcomes. Among the nonischemic heart failure patients, 37.3% experienced readmissions. In this group, specific CCTA measurements were identified as significant predictors of readmission: epicardial adipose tissue (CTEAT) at 54.49 cm3 (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03–1.07; P < 0.001), cardiac muscle mass to lumen volume (CTV/M) at 20% (HR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.48–0.72; P < 0.001), peri-coronary adipose (CTPCAT) at -64.68 HU (HR: 1.1; 95% CI: 1.03–1.16; P = 0.002) for the right coronary artery, -81.07 HU (HR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1–1.53; P = 0.002) for the left anterior descending artery, and -73.42 HU (HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.18–1.51; P < 0.001) for the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. In patients with nonischemic heart failure, increased CTEAT, CTPCAT, and CTV/M independently predicted rehospitalization.
Graphical Abstract
Effects of a stepwise, structured LDL-C lowering strategy in patients post-acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Omar Khader Aaram , van Trier Tinka , van der Brug Sander , Liem An-ho , Groenemeijer Bjorn E. , Schut Astrid , Jorstad Harald T. , Martens Fabrice M.A.C. , Alings Marco A.M.W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering constitutes a cornerstone of secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), yet a considerable number of patients do not achieve guideline-recommended LDL‑C targets. The 2016 European guidelines recommended titration of LDL‑C lowering medication in a set number of steps, starting with oral medication. We aimed to investigate the effects of this stepwise approach in post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.

Methods
In a multicentre, prospective, non-randomised trial, we evaluated a three-step strategy aiming to reduce LDL‑C to ≤ 1.8 mmol/l in post-ACS patients with prior ASCVD and/or diabetes mellitus. Steps, undertaken every 4–6 weeks, included: 1) start high-intensity statin (HIST); 2) addition of ezetimibe; 3) addition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving LDL-C ≤ 1.8 mmol/l after Steps 1 and 2 (using oral medications alone). Secondary outcomes examined the prevalence of meeting the target throughout all steps (https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/21157).

Results
Out of 999 patients, 84% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 81–86) achieved the LDL‑C target using only statin and/or ezetimibe. In an intention-to-treat analysis, the percentages of patients meeting the LDL‑C target after each step were 69% (95% CI: 67–72), 84% (95% CI: 81–86), and 87% (95% CI: 85–89), respectively. There were protocol deviations for 23, 38 and 23 patients at each respective step.

Conclusion
Through stepwise intensification of lipid-lowering therapy, 84% of very high-risk post-ACS patients achieved an LDL‑C target of ≤ 1.8 mmol/l with oral medications alone. Addition of PCSK9i further increased this rate to 87% (95% CI: 85–89).
Latent Profile Analysis of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) Subscales in a Naturalistic Sample of Patients with Past or Present Major Depression: A Replication and Extension Study
Authors: Lubbers Jelle , Spinhoven Philip , Cladder-Micus Mira B. , Spijker Jan , Speckens Anne E. M. , Geurts Dirk E. M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Mindfulness is a multifaceted concept which might be best captured by person-centered profiles rather than by variable-centered assessment of its subcomponents. Patients with different mindfulness profiles may vary in mental health status and might experience differential clinical outcomes of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). We therefore aimed to assess the relationship between mindfulness profiles and mental health in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to examine whether mindfulness profiles are predictive for MBCT-induced changes in mental health.

Method
Latent profile analysis (LPA), a method used to identify hidden subgroups of individuals within a population, was performed on pre-MBCT subscale scores of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire in patients with current or remitted MDD (n=754). Equality of means of pre-MBCT, post-MBCT, and residualized change scores of several mental health measures across the latent profiles was tested.

Results
LPA identified four distinct mindfulness profiles. Three profiles were similar to previously identified profiles in another MDD sample (“very low mindfulness,” “high mindfulness,” “non-judgmentally aware”) and one profile was similar to that identified in non-clinical populations (“judgmentally observing”). The “high mindfulness” subgroup scored best, the “very low mindfulness” worst, and the other subgroups intermediate on mental health in terms of depressive symptoms, worry, overall functional impairment, and self-compassion. Mindfulness profiles were not predictive of MBCT-induced changes in mental health.

Conclusions
Mindfulness profiles were differentially related to mental health, but were not predictive of treatment outcome. Future research would benefit from longitudinal assessment of latent mindfulness profiles to examine whether a patient’s profile changes after MBCT and whether hypothesized change in profile would be related to treatment outcome.

Preregistration
This study was not preregistered.
Exploring the state of health of electric vehicle batteries at end of use; hierarchical waste flow analysis to determine the recycling and reuse potential
Authors: Fallah Narjes , Fitzpatrick Colin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the increasing adoption of electric vehicles, their end-of-life management is a timely matter. This requires recognizing the upcoming volume of retired electric-vehicle-batteries to the waste stream. The projection is further useful if we have an estimation of the remaining value within them to categorize the recycling or repurposing potential to allow appropriate policy development and facility planning. This qualification assessment is neglected in the current literature. Neglecting the health status of retired batteries in estimating their residual value might end up over or underestimating their reuse and recycling potential. This study aims to provide a hierarchical battery waste estimation based on their health and age of disposal in Ireland. These two factors are the fundamental parameters in determining the feasibility of repurposing or recycling retired batteries. Identifying this information, we defined three reuse scenarios with different state-of-health limits. Results indicate almost 50%, 30%, and below 10% repurposing potential in the year 2050 when setting a repurposing threshold of above 80%, 85%, and 90%, respectively. The authors also highlight the effect of non-regional repurposing on the recycling potential.
Are authorities denying or supporting? Detecting stance of authorities towards rumors in Twitter
Authors: Haouari Fatima , Elsayed Tamer 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Several studies examined the leverage of the stance in conversational threads or news articles as a signal for rumor verification. However, none of these studies leveraged the stance of trusted authorities. In this work, we define the task of detecting the stance of authorities towards rumors in Twitter, i.e., whether a tweet from an authority supports the rumor, denies it, or neither. We believe the task is useful to augment the sources of evidence exploited by existing rumor verification models. We construct and release the first Authority STance towards Rumors (AuSTR) dataset, where evidence is retrieved from authority timelines in Arabic Twitter. The collection comprises 811 (rumor tweet, authority tweet) pairs relevant to 292 unique rumors. Due to the relatively limited size of our dataset, we explore the adequacy of existing Arabic datasets of stance towards claims in training BERT-based models for our task, and the effect of augmenting AuSTR with those datasets. Our experiments show that, despite its limited size, a model trained solely on AuSTR with a class-balanced focus loss exhibits a comparable performance to the best studied combination of existing datasets augmented with AuSTR, achieving a performance of 0.84 macro-F1 and 0.78 F1 on debunking tweets. The results indicate that AuSTR can be sufficient for our task without the need for augmenting it with existing stance datasets. Finally, we conduct a thorough failure analysis to gain insights for the future directions on the task.