bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) of early breast cancer with low-energy x-rays in breast-conserving surgery
Authors: Grimm Anja , Wollmann Eva , Sperk Elena , Weiß Christel , Sütterlin Marc , Berlit Sebastian , Tuschy Benjamin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to identify pre- and intraoperative factors indicating the feasibility of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) during breast-conserving surgery (BCS).

Materials and methods
From January 2018 to December 2019, a total of 128 women undergoing BCS due to early breast cancer were included in this prospective observational study, independent of whether IORT was planned or not. Patient and tumor characteristics as well as surgical parameters that could potentially influence the feasibility of IORT were recorded for the entire collective. In addition, a preoperative senological assessment was performed and analyzed to assess the feasibility of IORT. Logistic regression was then used to identify relevant preoperative parameters and to generate a formula predicting the feasibility of IORT.

Results
Of the 128 included women undergoing BCS, 46 were preoperatively rated to be feasible, 20 to be questionably feasible for IORT. Ultimately, IORT was realized in 30 patients. The most frequent reasons for omission of IORT were insufficient tumor-to-skin distance and/or an excessively large tumor cavity. Small clinical tumor size and large tumor-to-skin distance according to preoperative ultrasound were significantly related to accomplishment of IORT.

Conclusion
We observed that preoperative ultrasound-based tumor–skin distance is a significant factor in addition to already known parameters to predict feasibility of IORT. Based on our findings we developed a formula to optimize IORT planning which might serve as an additional tool to improve patient selection for IORT in early breast cancer.
Better forgotten joint scores when the angle of the prosthetic trochlea is lateral to the quadriceps vector in kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Howell Stephen M. , Sappey‐Marinier Elliot , Niesen Abigail E. , Nedopil Alexander J. , Hull Maury L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThe primary aim was to analyze unrestricted kinematic alignment (unKA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and determine the frequency of medial deviation of the prosthetic trochlear angle (PTA) of the femoral component relative to the quadriceps vector (QV) that terminates at the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS), and whether patients with medial deviation had a worse Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) relative to those with lateral deviation. The secondary aim was to determine the frequency of medial deviation for mechanical alignment (MA) TKA simulations.MethodsFrom a database of a single surgeon, the study extracted de‐identified data on 147 patients with a CT scanogram showing the pelvis and AIIS, a limb with an unKA TKA, and a native (i.e., healthy) opposite limb. On the scanogram, an examiner, blinded to the PROMs, measured the PTA‐QV angle on the unKA TKA and on the opposite limb simulated MA TKA by drawing the PTA at 6° valgus relative to the femoral mechanical axis and measuring the PTA‐QV angle.ResultsMedial deviation of the PTA occurred in 86% of patients with unKA TKA, and the 126 with medial deviation had a 17/1 point worse median FJS/OKS than the 21 with lateral deviation at a mean follow‐up of 47 ± 8 months, respectively (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0053). In addition, 21%, 17%, and 8% of MA TKA had medial deviation after radiographic simulation using reported surgical errors for manual, patient‐specific, and robotic instrumentation, respectively.ConclusionIn most patients with unKA TKA and a smaller proportion with MA TKA, a PTA of 6° valgus was medial to the QV, which, by excluding the patient’s Q‐angle, might alter patellofemoral kinematics like an incorrectly oriented trochleoplasty. The 17‐point worse FJS in the patients with an unKA TKA and medial deviation of the PTA suggests the surgical target should be to orient the PTA lateral to the QV.Level of evidenceIV.
Image quality optimization: dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the abdomen at 3T using a continuously acquired radial golden-angle compressed sensing acquisition
Authors: Pan Jiangyang , Shao Xian , Liu Hui , Li Yang , Wang Qi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The image quality of continuously acquired free-breathing Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) golden-angle radial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of abdomen suffers from motion artifacts and motion-related blurring. We propose a scheme by minimizing patients’ motion status from breathing as well as optimizing the acquiring parameters to improve image quality and diagnostic performance of DCE-MRI with Golden-Angle Radial Sparse Parallel (GRASP) sequence of abdomen.

Methods
The optimization scheme follows two principles: (1) reduce the impact on images from unpredictable and irregulate motions during examination and (2) adjust the sequence parameters to increase the number of radial views in each partition. For the assessment of image quality, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the severity of radial artifact, the degree of image sharpness, and a visual scoring of image quality with a 5-point scale were assessed.

Results
A total of 64 patients were included in this study before (16 men, 14 women, age: 54.9 ± 17.0) and after (18 men, 16 women, age: 58.6 ± 12.6) the optimization scheme was performed. The results showed that the SNR values of right and left lobe of liver in both plain phase and arterial phase were significantly increased (All P < 0.001) after the GRASP sequence been optimized. Significant improvements in CNR values were observed in the arterial phase (All P < 0.05). The significant differences in scores at each phase for visual scoring of image quality, noise of the right and left lobe of liver, radial artifact, and sharpness indicating that the image quality was significantly improved after the optimization (All P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that the optimized scheme significantly improved the image quality of liver DCE-MRI with GRASP sequence both in plain and arterial phases. The optimized scheme of GRASP sequence could be a superior alternative to conventional approach for the assessment of liver.
Toxicity-specific peripheral blood T and B cell dynamics in anti-PD-1 and combined immune checkpoint inhibition
Authors: van Eijs Mick J. M. , Verheijden Rik J. , van der Wees Stefanie A. , Nierkens Stefan , van Lindert Anne S. R. , Suijkerbuijk Karijn P. M. , van Wijk Femke ,   the UNICIT consortium, Meyaard Linde , Kuball Jürgen H. E. , Oldenburg Bas , Leusen Jeanette H. W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment landscape of advanced malignancies, but come with a diverse spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Mechanistic studies can aid the transition from expert-opinion to evidence-based irAE treatment strategies. We aimed to longitudinally characterize peripheral blood T and B cell dynamics in ICI-treated patients by multicolor flow cytometry and serum multiplex immunoassay at baseline, ± 3 weeks and ± 6 weeks or upon clinically relevant irAEs. We analyzed samples from 44 ICI-treated patients (24 anti-PD-1 monotherapy, 20 combined anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4; cICI), of whom 21 developed irAEs, and 10 healthy donors. IrAEs after cICI were characterized by significantly enhanced proliferation of Th1-associated, mainly (CD4+) CD27− effector memory T cells, as well as Th17-associated immune responses and germinal center activation (reflected by CXCL13 and IL-21 increases). We observed no changes in CD21lo, memory, class-switched or newly activated B cell subsets. Particularly double-positive PD-1+LAG-3+ CD8+ T cells showed enhanced cytotoxic capacity in patients with irAEs after cICI. Within anti-PD-1 monotherapy, irAEs were associated with modestly enhanced Th1-associated responses reflected by increased serum CXCL9 and CXCL10. In conclusion, ICI-induced toxicity is dominated by enhanced Th1-associated responses, but in cICI we also found evidence for Th17-associated responses and germinal center activation. Together, our data add to the growing body of evidence that irAEs may be driven by newly activated CD4+ helper T cells, specifically after cICI. This study also supports tailored irAE treatment, based on ICI regimen, and to deploy specific strategies such as Th17 inhibition especially in cICI-associated irAEs.

Graphical abstract
Candida spondylodiscitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of seventy two studies
Authors: Adelhoefer Siegfried J. , Gonzalez Marcos R. , Bedi Angad , Kienzle Arne , Bäcker Henrik C. , Andronic Octavian , Karczewski Daniel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Knowledge of Candida spondylodiscitis is limited to case reports and smaller case series. Controversy remains on the most effective diagnostical and therapeutical steps once Candida is suspected. This systematic review summarized all cases of Candida spondylodiscitis reported to date concerning baseline demographics, symptoms, treatment, and prognostic factors.

Methods
A PRISMA-based search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and OVID Medline was performed from database inception to November 30, 2022. Reported cases of Candida spondylodiscitis were included regardless of Candida strain or spinal levels involved. Based on these criteria, 656 studies were analyzed and 72 included for analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves, Fisher’s exact, and Wilcoxon’s rank sum tests were performed.

Results
In total, 89 patients (67% males) treated for Candida spondylodiscitis were included. Median age was 61 years, 23% were immunocompromised, and 15% IV drug users. Median length of antifungal treatment was six months, and fluconazole (68%) most commonly used. Thirteen percent underwent debridement, 34% discectomy with and 21% without additional instrumentation. Median follow-up was 12 months. The two year survivorship free of death was 80%. The two year survivorship free of revision was 94%. Younger age (p = 0.042) and longer length of antifungal treatment (p = 0.061) were predictive of survival.

Conclusion
Most patients affected by Candida spondylodiscitis were males in their sixties, with one in four being immunocompromised. While one in five patients died within two years of diagnosis, younger age and prolonged antifungal treatment might play a protective role.
Thermal stress response of Antipathella wollastoni (Gray, 1857) from the Canary Islands archipelago
Authors: Gouveia Adriana , Godefroid Mathilde , Dubois Philippe , Espino Fernando , Tuya Fernando , Haroun Ricardo , Herrera Alicia , Otero-Ferrer Francisco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present study aims at assessing the thermal tolerance of the black coral Antipathella wollastoni (Gray, 1857), which forms extensive forests in multiple Macaronesian islands. Fragments of A. wollastoni were exposed for 15 d to temperature conditions ranging from 19 to 26.5 °C, and multiple endpoints were investigated. No mortality was observed, and total antioxidant capacity remained unaffected by temperature increase. Respiration rates described a Gaussian relationship and tissue necrosis a linear increase with temperature. Increased temperature triggered the formation of bailout propagules, a process that may be used by the species as an escape strategy under unfavourable environmental conditions. Propagules of A. wollastoni were described for the first time. Altogether, A. wollastoni was suggested to have low vulnerability to increased temperatures, owing to its wide thermal window of performance (9.7 °C) and thermal safety margin (1.2 °C), similar to its congeneric Mediterranean Antipathella subpinnata.
Stable Gabor Phase Retrieval in Gaussian Shift-Invariant Spaces via Biorthogonality
Authors: Grohs Philipp , Liehr Lukas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe study the phase reconstruction of signals f belonging to complex Gaussian shift-invariant spaces $$V^\infty (\varphi )$$

V
∞

(
φ
)

from spectrogram measurements $$|{\mathcal {G}} f(X)|$$

|
G
f
(
X
)
|

where $${\mathcal {G}}$$
G
is the Gabor transform and $$X \subseteq {{\mathbb {R}}}^2$$

X
⊆

R

2

. An explicit reconstruction formula will demonstrate that such signals can be recovered from measurements located on parallel lines in the time-frequency plane by means of a Riesz basis expansion. Moreover, connectedness assumptions on |f| result in stability estimates in the situation where one aims to reconstruct f on compacts intervals. Driven by a recent observation that signals in Gaussian shift-invariant spaces are determined by lattice measurements (Grohs and Liehr in Injectivity of Gabor phase retrieval from lattice measurements. Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 62, 173–193 (2023)) we prove a sampling result on the stable approximation from finitely many spectrogram samples. The resulting algorithm provides a provably stable and convergent approximation technique. In addition, it constitutes a method of approximating signals in function spaces beyond $$V^\infty (\varphi )$$

V
∞

(
φ
)

, such as Paley–Wiener spaces.
Outcome nach Gelenkersatz bei Patienten mit rheumatoider Grunderkrankung
Authors: Holzapfel Dominik Emanuel , Thieme Max , Kappenschneider Tobias , Holzapfel Sabrina , Maderbacher Günther , Weber Markus , Grifka Joachim , Meyer Matthias 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der künstliche Gelenkersatz ist für Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen rheumatisch degenerativen Gelenkveränderungen eine sinnvolle Therapieoption. Ziel dieser Studie war es, den Einfluss rheumatischer Grunderkrankungen auf postoperative Komplikationen und „patient-reported outcome“ (PRO) nach elektivem Gelenkersatz („total joint replacement“ [TJR]) zu untersuchen.

Materialien und Methoden
In einer retrospektiven Analyse von 9149 Patienten nach elektiver Knie- oder Hüfttotalendoprothesenimplantation (TKR und THR) wurden Komplikationsraten und PRO von Patienten mit und ohne rheumatische Grunderkrankung („rheumatic disease“ [RD]) verglichen. Multivariate logistische Regressionsmodelle wurden verwendet, um festzustellen, ob rheumatische Grunderkrankungen einen unabhängigen Risikofaktor für verschiedene Komplikationen darstellen.

Ergebnisse
RD-Patienten hatten nach TJR in den univariaten Analysen ein erhöhtes Risiko für internistische Komplikationen (7,1 % vs. 5,2 %, p = 0,028) und Clavien-Dindo-Grad-IV-Komplikationen (2,8 % vs. 1,8 %, p = 0,048). Dies konnte in multivariaten statistischen Analysen bestätigt werden (p = 0,034). Die Raten für operative Revisionen und chirurgische Komplikationen waren vergleichbar (2,5 % vs. 2,4 %, p = 0,485). Die Analyse des PRO ergab eine höhere Responderrate bei Patienten mit RD nach TKR (91,9 % vs. 84,5 %, p = 0,039). Die Responderrate nach THR war hingegen vergleichbar (93,4 % vs. 93,2 %, p = 0,584).

Schlussfolgerung
Trotz teilweise erhöhter postoperativer Komplikationsraten zeigen Patienten mit rheumatischer Grunderkrankung 1 Jahr nach Operation ein vergleichbares Outcome nach TJR. RD-Patienten nach TKR zeigen sogar höhere Responderraten. RD-Patienten sind zwar eine vulnerable Patientengruppe, können aber dennoch von einem Gelenkersatz profitieren.
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of adnexal masses: interobserver agreement in the interpretation of videos, using IOTA terminology
Authors: Massobrio Roberta , Mariani Luca Liban , Conti Daniele , De Grandis Tiziana , Buonomo Francesca , Badellino Enrico , Novara Lorenzo , Bounous Valentina Elisabetta , Perotto Stefania , Mancarella Matteo , Ferrero Annamaria , Biglia Nicoletta , Fuso Luca 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Aim of this study is to estimate interobserver agreement in classifying adnexal tumors using IOTA terms, simple rules and subjective assessment. In addition, we related observers’ accuracy with their experience in gynecological ultrasonography and the year of IOTA certification.

Methods
Eleven observers with three different levels of experience evaluated videoclips of 70 adnexal masses, defining tumor type according to IOTA terms and definitions, classifying the mass using IOTA Simple rules and Subjective assessment as well as providing Color Score evaluation. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve were calculated and the year of IOTA certification was related with operators’ accuracy through Pearson correlation coefficient. Interobserver agreement was estimated calculating percentage of agreement, Fleiss kappa and Cohen’s kappa.

Results
We found a positive correlation between the year of IOTA certification and operators’ accuracy (Pearson coefficient 0.694), especially among the observers with the least experience, the residents (p = 0.003). For tumor type classification, identification of papillary projections and classification of tumors using subjective assessment, agreement among all observers was moderate (Fleiss kappa 0.455, 0.552, and 0.476, respectively) and increased with the years of experience. Agreement in the application of Simple Rules was moderate in all examiners with IOTA certification, with Fleiss kappa in the range of (0.403, 0.498). For Color Score assignment interobserver agreement among all observers was fair (Cohen’s kappa 0.380).

Conclusions
Even among expert examiners, the results of adnexal lesion assessment can be inconsistent. Experience impacts on accuracy and agreement in subjective assessment, while the application of Simple Rules can mitigate the role of experience in interobserver agreement. The knowledge of IOTA models among residents seams to improve their diagnostic accuracy, showing the benefits of IOTA terminology for in training sonographers.
The clinical phenotype of psychiatric-onset prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies: a scoping review
Authors: Gunawardana Chaminda Withanachchi , Matar Elie , Lewis Simon J. G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent consensus research criteria have identified a ‘psychiatric onset’ form of prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) characterised by prominent late-onset psychiatric symptoms. Although recognised as important to raise the index of diagnostic suspicion, evidence regarding this cohort was deemed too limited to impose formal criteria. We reviewed the published literature on psychiatric-onset DLB to identify key clinical characteristics and evidence gaps to progress our understanding of this entity.

Methods
Medline, PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant articles containing longitudinal follow-up of patients initially presenting with a psychiatric illness who subsequently developed DLB according to the diagnostic criteria available at the time.

Results
Two cohort studies (18 and 21 patients) along with 12 case series (13 cases) were identified totalling 52 patients (63% female). Initial psychiatric presentation occurred at a mean of 63 years (range 53–88), with depression being the most frequently reported psychiatric presentation (88%). Psychotic presentations were less common on presentation (11%) but became more prevalent throughout the prodromal period before the diagnosis of DLB (83%). Relapses of the psychiatric disease were common occurring in 94% (32/34) of patients. Parkinsonism, cognitive fluctuations, visual hallucinations, and REM sleep behaviour disorder were uncommonly reported at initial presentation (3.8%).

Conclusions
Psychiatric-onset DLB is characterized by a female predominant relapsing–remitting psychiatric illness presenting with affective symptoms but later developing psychotic features prior to the onset of DLB. Additional prospective studies including other neurodegenerative cohorts with harmonised assessments are required to inform definitive diagnostic criteria for this condition.
Potency in soluble groups
Authors: Wehrfritz B. A. F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe prove in particular that if G is a soluble group with no non-trivial locally finite normal subgroups, then G is p-potent for every prime p for which G has no Prüfer p-sections. (A group G is p-potent if for every power n of p and for any element x of G of infinite order or of finite order divisible by n there is a normal subgroup N of G of finite index such that the order of x modulo N is n. A Prüfer p-group is an infinite locally cyclic p-group.) This extends to soluble groups in general, and gives a more direct proof of, recent results of Azarov on polycyclic groups and soluble minimax groups.
Review of different calculation approaches for the mean coefficient of friction in ISO 6336
Authors: Blech Niklas , Paschold Constantin , Amar Luc , Lohner Thomas , Tobie Thomas , Stahl Karsten 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImportant goals in gear design are high load carrying capacity, good noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) performance and high efficiency. Regarding the load carrying capacity, the international series of standards ISO 6336 [13–15] is the state of the art for its calculation.To ensure reliable calculation of the load carrying capacity of gears and the temperatures occurring during operation, knowledge of the friction in the gear mesh is crucial. Currently, various approaches exist in the literature for calculating the mean coefficient of friction, which weight the influencing variables to varying degrees.In this publication, the empirical approaches for calculating the mean coefficient of friction given in the international series of standards ISO 6336 [13–15] are to be analyzed in terms of their origin and validated ranges, systematically compared, and contrasted. These calculation approaches are mainly covered in the parts ISO/TS 6336-20 [14], ISO/TS 6336-21 [15], and ISO/TS 6336-22 [13], which address the calculation of the scuffing load carrying capacity according to the flash and integral temperature method and the calculation of the micropitting load carrying capacity, respectively. Additionally, ISO/TR 14179‑2 [12] which describes a calculation approach for the thermal load carrying capacity will be included in this review. Besides the analysis of their origin, exemplary comparative calculations for various applications are intended to show possible differences between the various calculation approaches and enable a quantitative evaluation.The overall, long-term goal is to merge and standardize the various calculation approaches for the mean coefficient of friction in the international series of standards ISO 6336.
Computing the Non-properness Set of Real Polynomial Maps in the Plane
Authors: El Hilany Boulos , Tsigaridas Elias 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe introduce novel mathematical and computational tools to develop a complete algorithm for computing the set of non-properness of polynomials maps in the plane. In particular, this set, which we call the Jelonek set, is a subset of $$\mathbb {K}^2$$

K

2

, where a dominant polynomial map $$f: \mathbb {K}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb {K}^2$$

f
:

K

2

→

K

2

is not proper; $$\mathbb {K}$$
K
could be either $$\mathbb {C}$$
C
or $$\mathbb {R}$$
R
. Unlike all the previously known approaches we make no assumptions on f whenever $$\mathbb {K} = \mathbb {R}$$

K
=
R

; this is the first algorithm with this property. The algorithm takes into account the Newton polytopes of the polynomials. As a byproduct we provide a finer representation of the set of non-properness as a union of semi-algebraic curves, that correspond to edges of the Newton polytopes, which is of independent interest. Finally, we present a precise Boolean complexity analysis of the algorithm and a prototype implementation in maple.