bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Octenylsuccinylation on Rheological Properties of Corn Starch Pastes
Authors: Park Sunae , Chung Man‐Gon , Yoo Byoungseung 
Published: September 2004

AbstractRheological properties of corn starch octenylsuccinate (OSA starch) pastes (5%, w/w), at different 1‐octenylsuccinic anhydride (OSA) contents (0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5%, w/w) were evaluated in steady and dynamic shear. The OSA starch pastes had high shear‐thinning behaviors and their flow behaviors were described by power law, Casson, and Herschel‐Bulkley models. Magnitudes of consistency index (K, Kh) and yield stress (σoc, σh) increased with the increase in OSA content and the decrease in temperature. Over the temperature range of 10–50°C, the effect of temperature on apparent viscosity (ηa,100) was described by the Arrhenius equation. The activation energy values (Ea = 10.7–13.9 kJ/mol) of OSA starches were lower than that (Ea = 15.9 kJ/mol) of native starch. Dynamic frequency sweep test showed that both storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G′′) of OSA starch pastes increased with the increase in OSA content. Dynamic (η*) and steady shear (ηa) viscosities of OSA starch pastes at various OSA contents did not follow the Cox‐Merz superposition rule.
Nabih Youssef
Authors: Youssef Nabih 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThis paper presents the work of Nabih Youssef as a contribution to the larger scientific and engineering community through a conceptually holistic approach to engineering methods. Nabih Youssef received his BS in Structural Engineering from Cairo University in 1967. In 1971, he received his MS from California State University in Los Angeles and in 1974 completed a postgraduate Diploma in Earthquake Engineering at UCLA. In addition to a prolific professional career, Nabih has taught at universities for over 20 years and is constantly entrenched in public and professional service duties. His positions as Past Chair of the Vision 2000 Committee and the Seismology Committee for the Structural Engineers Association of California (SEAOC) heavily contributed to the enactment of performance‐based design, a major conceptual breakthrough for the engineering community and in great use today. Nabih Youssef & Associates was formed in 1989, and has been the recipient of numerous awards and publicity for their innovative structural systems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating acute toxicity of methyl parathion application in constructed wetland mesocosms
Authors: Milam C. D. , Bouldin J. L. , Farris J. L , Schulz R. , Moore M. T. , Bennett E. R. , Cooper C. M. , Smith S. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractWetland ecosystems have reduced ambient levels of various organic and metallic compounds, although their effectiveness on agricultural pesticides is not well documented. Five stations within each of two 10 × 50 m constructed wetlands (two vegetated, two nonvegetated) were selected to measure the fate and effects of methyl parathion (MeP). Following a simulated storm event (0.64 cm of rainfall), aqueous, sediment, and plant samples were collected and analyzed spatially (5, 10, 20, and 40 m from the inlet) and temporally (after 3–10 days) for MeP concentrations and for the impact of those concentrations on the aquatic fauna. Aqueous toxicity to fish decreased spatially and temporally in the vegetated mesocosm. Pimephales promelas survival was significantly reduced, to 68%, at the 10‐m station of the nonvegetated wetlands (3 h postapplication), with pesticide concentrations averaging 9.6 μg MeP/L. Ceriodaphnia in both the vegetated and nonvegetated wetlands was sensitive (i.e., a significant acute response to MeP occurred) to pesticide concentrations through 10 days postapplication. Mean MeP concentrations in water ranged from 0.5 to 15.4 μg/L and from 0.1 to 27.0 μg/L in the vegetated and nonvegetated wetlands, respectively. Hyalella azteca aqueous tests resulted in significant mortality in the 5‐m vegetated segment 10 days after exposure to MeP (2.2 μg/L). Solid‐phase (10‐day) sediment toxicity tests showed no significant reduction in Chironomus tentans survival or growth, except for the sediments sampled 3 h postapplication in the nonvegetated wetland (65% survival). Thereafter, midge survival averaged >87% in sediments sampled from both wetlands. These data suggest that wetlands play a significant role in mitigating the effect of MeP exposure in sensitive aquatic biota. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 19: 471–479, 2004.
First report of cyanobacteriumCylindrospermopsis raciborskiifrom Algerian freshwaters
Authors: Bouaïcha Noureddine , Nasri Aïcha‐Beya 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThis study investigated the first report of the cyanobacteriumCylindrospermopsis raciborskiiin Algerian freshwaters. The morphological characteristics of the two morphotypes observed in Lake Oubeira (Algeria) conformed to those of natural populations ofC. raciborskiispecies described in the literature. The two morphotypes produced only straight trichomes. During the study (February 2000–September 2001), this species occurred as a codominant withMicrocystis spp., and a peak was observed during the autumn (November 2000) with a remarkable density estimated to be 43 × 105trichomes/L. However, difficulty in isolating and culturing these two morphotypes limited the evaluation of their toxic potential. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 19: 541–543, 2004.
Effect of metal stearate antacid on the melt stabilization performance of phenolic/phosphite antioxidants in metallocene LLDPE. Part 1: Melt processing stability
Authors: Hoàng Eric M. , Liauw Christopher M. , Allen Norman S. , Fontán Eusebio , Lafuente Pilar 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe influence of metal stearates on the melt stabilization performance of combinations of phenolic and phosphite antioxidants in a metallocene LLDPE (mLLDPE) has been investigated. This study focused on the effect of both the origin of the stearine blend (i.e., vegetable or animal) used in the formation of the metal stearates and the type of metal stearate (i.e., calcium and zinc stearate). A multiple extrusion experiment was carried out and melt stabilization performance was monitored by melt flow rate (MFR) measurements. The level of consumption of antioxidants was evaluated by HPLC analysis of solvent extracts. Although antagonism was observed with all formulations containing metal stearates, a noticeably greater detrimental effect was apparent with metal stearates based on the vegetable derived stearine blend. Furthermore, it was apparent that the vegetable zinc stearate had a greater detrimental effect than the calcium stearate equivalent. The presence of impurities such as peroxides and metal oxides in the metal stearates investigated was believed to account for the antagonism observed. J. Vinyl Addit. Technol. 10:137–143, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Personal and service mobility in ubiquitous computing environments
Authors: El‐Khatib K. , Zhang Zhen E. , Hadibi N. , Bochmann G. v. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractUbiquitous computing environment is defined by the shift of computing technology from the desktop to the background. One of its most notable attributes is its potential to extend the scope of service and personal mobility. This paper describes an agent‐based architecture that brings personal and service mobility to the ubiquitous computing environment. A software agent, running on a portable device carried by the user, leverages the existing service discovery protocols to learn about all services available in the vicinity of the user. Short‐range wireless technology such as Bluetooth can be used to build a personal area network connecting only devices that are close enough to the user. Acting on behalf of the user and based on a number of aspects, the software agent runs a quality of service (QoS) negotiation and selection algorithm to select the most appropriate available service(s) to be used for a given communication session. The software agent selects as well the configuration parameters for each service. The proposed architecture supports also service hand‐off to recompense for service volatility during user movement. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ARLP: an adaptive link layer protocol to improve TCP performance over wireless fading channels
Authors: Lin Haitao , Das Sajal K. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractImproving the performance of Internet services is essential for future generation wireless networks. However, the correlated fading channels are found to be very unfriendly to transmission control protocol (TCP) performance in such networks. The variation in fading rate brings further challenge to wireless networks when supporting Internet applications, most of which run TCP as the transport layer protocol. In this paper, we first analytically study the performance of different radio link protocol (RLP) retransmission schemes in supporting TCP. In particular, we investigate the key quality of service (QoS) parameters of RLP such as average delay, delay variance and recovery rate of lost frames. Our analytical and simulation results show that a single retransmission scheme does not yield the best performance for different fading rates. To address this problem, we propose an adaptive radio link protocol (ARLP) that dynamically estimates the channel fading rate and also adaptively chooses those retransmission schemes that best fit the estimated fading rate. The performance of ARLP is evaluated in terms of response time (the time ARLP takes to respond to fading rate change), throughput improvement and energy consumption. The results show that ARLP can improve the performance of a particular mobile host as well as the total throughput of wireless networks, at the cost of a little extra energy consumption at low frame error rate. On the other hand, at high frame error rate, ARLP saves energy because of fewer retransmissions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TCP congestion window evolution and spatial reuse in MANETs
Authors: Papanastasiou S. , Ould‐Khaoua M. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractA number of recent research studies have explored ways to improve TCP throughput in mobile ad hoc networks by improving its interaction with the IEEE 802.11 medium access control (MAC) layer. In particular, the hidden terminal effects caused by interference can impact TCP performance dramatically and have been dealt with in the past by restricting the maximum sending window size. We have developed a TCP variant, which instead, adjusts the sending rate increase to achieve competitive goodput for TCP connections. Extensive simulation experiments indicate that a slower sending rate increase during the congestion avoidance phase of TCP leads to improved performance for TCP Reno while eliminating the negative effects inherent in restricting the maximum sending window size. This work discusses the applicability of our TCP oriented solution to the hidden terminal effect, includes a performance comparison against existing solutions and discusses its performance merits under various mobility conditions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Li (i = 1, 2, 3) sub‐shell fluorescence yields for 79Au, 80Hg and 81Tl
Authors: Sharma Manju , Singh Prem , Shahi J. S. , Mehta D. , Singh Nirmal 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe Li (i = 1, 2, 3) sub‐shell x‐ray fluorescence yields (ωi) for 79Au, 80Hg and 81Tl were deduced from the measured cross‐sections for the Li (i = 1, 2, 3) sub‐shell x‐rays following ionization by 59.54 keV γ‐rays (B < Einc < BK) and for the L3 sub‐shell x‐rays following ionization by Rb K x‐rays (B < EKα < B, B < EKβ < BK), where B is the K shell/Li sub‐shell ionization threshold of the target element. An energy‐dispersive x‐ray fluorescence setup, involving photon sources consisting of a 241Am annular source in the direct and secondary excitation modes along with RbCl secondary exciter and an Si(Li) detector, was used for the measurements. The measured ω2 and ω3 values exhibit good agreement with those based on the relativistic Dirac–Hartree–Slater (RDHS) calculations, while the ω1 values are found to be higher by ∼25%. The present data indicate that the L1–L3 Coster–Kronig yield f13 based on the RDHS calculations are overestimated. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of systemic and regional taurine on skeletal muscle function following ischaemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Kingston Ross , Kearns Stephen , Kelly Cathal , Murray Paraic 
Published: September 2004

AbstractIntroduction: Tissues subjected to prolonged ischaemia are paradoxically further damaged when their perfusion is restored. The mechanisms underlying this ischaemia–reperfusion injury are complex, but oxidative attack is a central feature. Among the therapeutic agents used to attenuate ischaemia–reperfusion injury, endogenous agents such as taurine which form part of the native defence mechanism against oxidative damage are of particular interest.Methods: Using a model of hindlimb ischaemia–reperfusion injury in the rat, taurine solution was administered either into the operated hindlimb, into the systemic circulation, or both. Contraction strengths of gastrocnemius biopsies from the operated and contralateral (control) hindlimbs of each animal were measured.Results: Fast twitch strength was impaired significantly by ischaemia–reperfusion injury, and taurine injected into the operated limb conferred partial protection. A similar trend was observed for tetany, but protection by taurine was not statistically significant for tetanic contraction strength.Conclusion: Preservation of fast twitch strength following ischaemia–reperfusion injury by administration of taurine before ischaemia has clinical potential. However, delivery to the affected tissues during ischaemia presents technical difficulties. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Short, Self‐Report Voice Symptom Scales: Psychometric Characteristics of the Voice Handicap Index‐10 and the Vocal Performance Questionnaire
Authors: Deary Ian J. , Webb Alison , Mackenzie Kenneth , Wilson Janet A. , Carding Paul N. 
Published: September 2004

OBJECTIVEShort, self‐report symptom questionnaires are useful in routine clinical situations for assessing the progress of disorders and the influence of interventions. The Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10) and Vocal Performance Questionnaire (VPQ) are brief self‐reported assessments of voice pathology, apparently useful in the general voice clinic population. Little is known of the structure or internal consistency of either tool, nor whether they correlate. This study carried out a substantial, systematic evaluation of their performance in the Laryngology office setting.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING330 adult (222 women, 108 men) voice clinic attenders completed the VHI and the VPQ. RESULTS: The VHI‐10 and VPQ each had a large, single principal component, high internal consistency, and were highly correlated (dis‐attenuated r=0.91).CONCLUSIONThe VHI‐10 and the VPQ are similar, short, convenient, internally‐consistent, unidimensional tools.SIGNIFICANCEThe total VHI‐10 or VPQ score is a good overall indicator of the severity of voice disorders.
Revision Gore‐Tex Medialization Laryngoplasty
Authors: Cohen Jacob T. , Bates Dwight D. , Postma Gregory N. 
Published: September 2004

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the indications, results, and safety of revision Gore‐Tex medialization laryngoplasty (GML).METHODSA retrospective chart review of 156 patients that underwent GML procedures between the years 1998–2002. Study population consisted of those patients who required revision surgery for any reason.RESULTSSixteen patients required 22 revision procedures. Indications for revision were divided into 2 groups, complications and glottal closure problems. Complications included extruded or displaced implants (n = 4). The most common glottal closure problem was undercorrection (n = 9). Others included anterior overcorrection (n = 1) and persistent posterior glottal gap (n = 2). Revision procedures included GML (n = 9), injection augmentation (n = 9), endoscopic implant removal (n = 2), and arytenoid adduction (n = 2). In patients with glottal closure problems, the GCI improved in all 10 and the voice rating scale improved in 9.CONCLUSIONReasons for revision of GML are variable, the most common being undercorrection. A variety of safe, effective revision techniques are available with a high success rate.
Evaluation of Patients' Preferences for Triamcinolone Acetonide Aqueous, Fluticasone Propionate, and Mometasone Furoate Nasal Sprays in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Stokes Michael , Amorosi Stacey L. , Thompson David , Dupclay Leon , Garcia Jorge , Georges George 
Published: September 2004

OBJECTIVETo compare product attributes, preferences, and expected compliance associated with triamcinolone acetonide aqueous (TAA‐AQ), fluticasone propionate (FP), and mometasone furoate (MF) nasal sprays in patients with allergic rhinitis.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGData from 2 randomized, double‐blind crossover studies with identical design were pooled (N = 215). Patients completed a 14‐item sensory attributes questionnaire immediately after each product, and stated their preference and expected compliance with a prescription after receiving all products.RESULTSCompared with FP and MF, TAA‐AQ was associated with significantly less odor and greater liking of odor (P < 0.001); and less taste, less dryness of nose/throat, less aftertaste, and greater overall liking (P < 0.05). Significantly more patients preferred most a prescription of TAA‐AQ (50.0%) versus FP (25.0%; P < 0.001) and MF (25.0%; P < 0.001), and would “definitely comply” with TAA‐AQ (62.5%) versus FP (49.0%; P < 0.01) and MF (51.0%; P < 0.01).CONCLUSIONTAA‐AQ was associated with significantly more positive sensory attributes, higher preference, and better expected compliance than FP and MF.SIGNIFICANCEPatients' preferences for the sensory attributes of an intranasal corticosteroid may affect adherence to treatment.
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Telithromycin Once Daily for 5 Days Versus Moxifloxacin Once Daily for 10 Days in the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Ferguson Berrylin J. , Guzzetta Richard V. , Spector Sheldon L. , Hadley James A. 
Published: September 2004

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical and bacteriologic efficacy and safety of short‐duration treatment with telithromycin given for 5 days with moxifloxacin given for 10 days in adults with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS).STUDY DESIGNIn this prospective, double‐blind, parallel‐group, randomized, multicenter study, adult patients (N = 349) with ABRS were randomized to oral telithromycin (800 mg once daily for 5 days) or to oral moxifloxacin (400 mg once daily for 10 days) and followed for 31 to 36 days. Clinical outcome was determined by the investigator at the posttherapy/test of cure (TOC) visit. Bacteriologic outcome was determined by comparing cultures taken at the pretreatment visit with cultures obtained at the posttherapy/TOC visit. The primary objective was to demonstrate equivalence of clinical cure rates in the per‐protocol population between treatment groups at the posttherapy/TOC visit.RESULTSClinical success at TOC (primary endpoint) was achieved in 87.4% of patients in the telithromycin group compared with 86.9% for moxifloxacin (per‐protocol patients; 0.5% difference between treatment groups; 95% confidence interval (CI), −8.1, 9.2;P= 0.8930). The bacteriologic success rates were 94.1% and 93.9%, respectively (0.2% difference between treatment groups; 95% CI, −14.2, 14.5;P= 0.9734). Overall treatment‐emergent adverse events for both drugs (mostly gastrointestinal) were mild to moderate in intensity.CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCEThe clinical and bacteriologic efficacy of telithromycin 800 mg once daily for 5 days was equivalent to that of moxifloxacin 400 mg once daily for 10 days, establishing telithromycin as an important treatment option for ABRS.
Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2‐Mediated Inhibition of Na + ‐Dependent Ca2 + Uptake by Superoxide Radicals (O2. ‐ ) in Microsomes of Pulmonary Smooth Muscle
Authors: Mandal Amritlal , Chakraborti Tapati , Das Sudip , Ghosh Biswarup , Ghosh Amarnath , Chakraborti Sajal 
Published: September 2004

AbstractTreatment of microsomes (preferably enriched with endoplasmic reticulum) isolated from bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle tissue with the O2. ‐‐generating system (hypoxanthine (HPX) plus xanthine oxidase (XO)), markedly stimulated matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) activity and also enhanced Ca2 + ATPase activity and ATP‐dependent Ca2 + uptake. Pretreatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP‐2) (50 μg ml‐1), preserved the increase in MMP‐2 activity, Ca2 + ATPase activity and also ATP‐dependent Ca2 + uptake in the microsomes. In contrast, Na +‐dependent Ca2 + uptake in the microsomes was found to be inhibited by the O2. ‐‐generating system. Additionally, O2. ‐ ‐induced inhibition of Na + ‐dependent Ca2 + uptake was reversed by SOD and TIMP‐2 (50 μg ml‐1). Electron microscopy revealed that treatment with the O2. ‐‐generating system did not cause any noticeable damage to the microsomes. O2. ‐ ‐induced changes in MMP‐2 activity, ATP‐dependent Ca2 + uptake and Na +‐dependent Ca2 + uptake, were not reversed upon pretreatment of the microsomes with a low dose (5 μg ml‐1) of TIMP‐2 which, on the contrary, reversed MMP‐2 (1 μg ml‐1)‐mediated alteration on these parameters. The inhibition of Na +‐dependent Ca2 + uptake by O2. ‐ and MMP‐2, overpowered the stimulation of ATP‐dependent Ca2 + uptake in the microsomes. Treatment of TIMP‐2 (5 μg ml‐1) with the O2. ‐‐generating system abolished the inhibitory effect of TIMP‐2 (5 μg ml‐1) on MMP‐2 (1 μg ml‐1) (measured by 14C‐gelatin degradation). Overall, the present study suggests that O2. ‐ inactivated TIMP‐2, the ambient inhibitor of MMP‐2, leading to activation of the ambient proteinase, MMP‐2, which subsequently stimulated Ca2 + ATPase activity and ATP‐dependent Ca2 + uptake, but inhibited Na +‐dependent Ca2 + uptake, resulting in a marked decrease in Ca2 + uptake in the smooth muscle microsomes.
IUBMB Life, 56: 267‐276, 2004
Dietary Alpha‐Tocopherol Affects Differential Gene Expression in Rat Testes
Authors: Rota Cristina , Barella Luca , Minihane Anne‐Marie , Stöcklin Elisabeth , Rimbach Gerald 
Published: September 2004

AbstractGene‐chip technology was employed to study the effect of dietary vitamin E (VE) on gene expression in rat testes. Male albino rats were fed with either a diet deficient in VE or a standard diet containing VE. Differential gene expression was monitored at five individual time‐points over a period of 14 months with all animals individually profiled. Low VE intake resulted in the consistent up‐regulation of 7‐dehydrocholesterol reductase and GATA binding protein 4, both involved in testosterone synthesis. Cyclin D3, important in cell cycle progression and Wilms tumor 1, related to cancer development, were also up‐regulated in the vitamin E deficient animals. This study demonstrates that low dietary VE intake has long‐term effects on gene expression in the testes. Our data provides insights into the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of vitamin E on the male reproductive organ.
IUBMB Life, 56: 277‐280, 2004