bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A - 172 STEP-Home Intervention Improves Inhibitory and Anger Control, Reintegration, and Neurobehavioral Symptoms in Post-9/11 Veterans with TBI and Other Common Comorbidities
Authors: Sablone Caroline A , Knight Arielle , Currao Alyssa , Lebas Adam , Katz Dylan , Kenna Alexandra , Fortier Catherine B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Post-9/11 U.S. Veterans are clinically complex with multiple co-occurring health conditions contributing to morbidity/mortality and decreased quality of life. TBI diagnosis can worsen these outcomes. STEP-Home is a cognitive-behavioral transdiagnostic intervention for TBI and common comorbidities. This study determines if STEP-Home improves anger control, frontal system function, civilian readjustment, neurobehavioral symptoms, and work/life functioning in post-9/11 Veterans. TBI may influence Veterans’ ability to learn core skills and, thus, impact response to treatment. Treatment outcomes for Veterans with and without TBI will be explored.

Methods
56 (39 M/17F; mean age = 39.9) post-9/11 Veterans with high rates of psychiatric comorbidity, with and without TBI received 12 weeks of the STEP-Home cognitive-behavioral intervention. Assessments at baseline, posttreatment (12 weeks), and follow-up (12 weeks posttreatment) included: State–Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2 (STAXI-2); Military to Civilian Questionnaire (M2CQ); Post-Deployment Readjustment Inventory (PDRI); Frontal Systems Behavioral Scale (FrSBe); Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI); World Health Disability Scale (WHODAS); PTSD Checklist (PCL-5); Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21).

Results
STEP-Home significantly improved anger expression (STAXI-2 p = 0.0320), inhibitory control (FrSBe p = 0.0001), and reintegration status (MC2Q p = 0.0001; PDRI p = 0.0097) posttreatment. Similar improvements were seen in neurobehavioral symptoms, work/life functioning, PTSD, depression, and stress (p’s &lt; 0.01). Treatment gains were maintained at follow-up (p’s &lt; 0.001). Treatment response did not differ by TBI status.

Conclusion
STEP-Home teaches Veterans cognitive-behavioral skills to improve anger and impulse control, executive functioning, reintegration, and work/life functioning. Treatment gains were comparable for Veterans with and without TBI. This is critical given TBI prevalence among post-9/11 Veterans and the need for additional palatable treatment options.
A - 176 The MIL Test: Validation of a Web-Based Performance Validity Test
Authors: Leese Mira I , Roseberry Jarett E , Hill Scot K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Establish validity of a web-based performance validity test (PVT) in a mixed-clinical sample of outpatients referred for a neuropsychological evaluation using a known-effort design.

Method
Participants were 110 adults (75.4% female, 89% white) classified as valid (i.e., /= 2 PVT failures; M age = 50.75, SD = 12.51, n = 16) based on five well-established PVTs. The MIL Test is a web-based PVT designed to identify noncredible memory performance on a 50-word recognition test that was also administered.

Results
ROC curve analyses yielded a significant area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.78–0.92, p 0.05).

Conclusion(s)
Initial support for the validity of the MIL Test was promising in terms of psychometric properties (i.e., classification accuracy, strong convergent and discriminant validity). Future research may benefit from exploring further psychometric development (e.g., item analysis) and validation in larger, more diverse demographic and clinical populations.
A - 180 Anosognosia across the Spectrum of Alzheimer’s Pathology and Validation of a New Measure
Authors: Terry Christian , Lecci Len 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Two studies were performed to validate a brief, new method for assessing informant-patient discrepancies to quantify cognitive insight, and to compare it to an empirically supported model – the Cognitive Awareness Model (CAM).

Method
Study 1 included 31 (52% male; Mage = 69.42) patients from an outpatient neuropsychological assessment clinic. Seven patients were diagnosed with probable Alzheimer’s dementia (PAD), 15 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 9 no diagnosis (i.e., healthy controls; HC). The Cognitive Coding Form (CCF) was compared with several measures to assess convergent and discriminant validity. Study 2 entailed archival data extraction of 240 patients (80 HC, 80 MCI, and 80 PAD; 53.3% female; Mage = 72.8) to examine the ability of the CCF to predict various cognitive domains, including executive functioning (Trail-Making Test Form B).

Results
In study 1, the 8-item CCF demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity with established measures. Study 2 identified that both patient-reported cognitive concerns and, to a greater degree, CCF informant-patient discrepancy scores, can distinguish HCs from those with MCI and PAD. Further, a regression indicated that depression (Geriatric Depression Scale; 5.5%; β = −0.38, p &lt; 0.001) and TMT-B (13%; β = −0.43, p &lt; 0.001), together accounted for 18.5% of the variance in insight (R2 = 0.19, F(2,219) = 26.10, p &lt; 0.001), supporting the CAM.

Conclusions
In addition to establishing an efficient measure of insight with high clinical utility (the CCF), these studies inform the literature on the role of insight in predicting performance in those with Alzheimer’s pathology.
A - 182 Comparison of the Short Test of Mental Status to Traditional Neuropsychological Tests
Authors: Reinhart Clare , Parks Adam , Brunette Amanda , Ecklund-Johnson Eric , Stroescu Ioan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The Short Test of Mental Status (STMS) was developed by Kokmen and colleagues as a brief cognitive screening test. Existing research has found the STMS to be sensitive in detecting cognitive impairment in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The STMS has also been shown to be comparable to other cognitive screening instruments, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). However, the relationship between the STMS and traditional neuropsychological tests has yet to be evaluated. This study sought to explore the concordance between the STMS test items and neuropsychological test variables in a mixed clinical sample.

Method
Neuropsychological test data was collected from an archival database for 150 adults (Mean age = 71.4 years) referred to an interdisciplinary dementia care clinic at an academic medical center. Descriptive statistics for the demographic and test variables were produced. Pearson correlations were used to examine the relationships between the STMS total score, STMS item scores, and the neuropsychological test variables.

Results
Statistically significant correlations were found between the STMS item scores and their corresponding neuropsychological tests: Orientation (r = 0.46–0.56), Attention (r = 0.39–0.51), Registration-Trials (r = 0.32–0.50), Calculations (r = 0.30–0.41), Construction (r = 0.43), Information (r = 0.56), and Recall (r = 0.61–0.71). The STMS total score was significantly correlated with all neuropsychological test scores (r = 0.30–72).

Conclusions
The STMS shows strong concordance with traditional neuropsychological tests in a dementia clinic sample. Future analyses will include examining construct validity of the STMS with different clinical groups and diagnoses as well as an exploration of the underlying factor structure of the STMS.
A - 188 Symptom Attribution Is a Stronger Predictor of PVT-Failure than Symptom Endorsement in Veterans with Remote mTBI History
Authors: Ton Loy Adan F , Lee Jeong-Eun , Sakamoto Mckenna S , Merritt Victoria C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Prior research has shown an association between performance validity testing (PVT) and symptom endorsement following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in Veterans. However, no studies have investigated associations between PVT and attribution of symptoms to mTBI. Therefore, we examined relationships between PVT, symptom endorsement, and symptom attribution in Veterans with mTBI history.

Method
Participants included treatment-seeking Veterans (n = 37) with remote mTBI histories who were referred to a neuropsychological clinic at a VA Medical Center (91.9% male; 64.9% white). Veterans underwent a neuropsychological assessment and completed a modified version of the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory to assess symptom endorsement and symptom attribution (the latter evaluated by having Veterans indicate whether they believed each symptom was caused by their mTBI). Veterans were divided into two subgroups, PVT-Pass (n = 25) and PVT-Fail (n = 12), based on their Test of Memory Malingering performance.

Results
Correlation analyses revealed a significant association between PVT-failure and (a) symptom attribution (r = 0.426, p = 0.009) and (b) symptom endorsement (r = 0.373, p = 0.023). Separate logistic regression analyses controlling for PTSD symptoms showed that symptom attribution (Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.279) and symptom endorsement (Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.233) significantly distinguished between PVT groups. According to the Wald criterion, higher attribution of symptoms to mTBI (p = 0.045, OR = 1.21; 95%CI = 1.00–1.45) and greater symptom endorsement (p = 0.049, OR = 1.09; 95%CI = 1.00–1.18) each reliably predicted PVT-failure.

Conclusions
While both symptom endorsement and symptom attribution were significantly associated with PVT-failure, our preliminary results suggest that symptom attribution is a stronger predictor of PVT-failure. Although future studies are needed to replicate these findings, results highlight the importance of assessing symptom attribution to TBI in this population.
B - 07 Rorschach Differences between Reading and Mathematic Impairment in Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs)
Authors: Schapiro Stevie Jade , Golden Charles , Nunez Christina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To identify differences based on perceptions of the Rorschach test between individuals who were diagnosed with Specific Learning Disorder of Reading (LDR) and Mathematics (LDM) impairment.

Method
Participants were selected from a deidentified database from a large Southeastern university. The group assignment of the diagnoses were made according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Participants were divided into those with diagnosed LDR (n = 38, 50% white, Mage = 28, SD = 9.82, education Med = 14.02, SD = 2.05) and LDM (n = 41, 61% white, Mage = 29, SD = 11.98, education Med = 13.59, SD = 1.40). The groups were compared on demographic variables (age, education level, race, gender, and handedness) but there were no significant across the variables. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) compared the means to test the difference between groups on the Rorschach variables.

Results
Individuals with diagnosed LDR had significantly higher levels of Form-Color Ratio (FC, F(1,79) = 5.664, p = 0.02; (M = 2.4471, SD = 2.13). No other Rorschach variables were found to be significant in individuals diagnosed with LDR or LDM.

Conclusions
Overall the differences between the groups were minimal suggesting that the Rorschach variables were not important. The increase in FC may suggest individuals with LDR have increased difficulties in emotional regulation, processing speed, and executive functioning. Individuals with LDR may therefore struggle with aspects of daily living. Given the lack of differences, the Rorschach may not be the most useful assessment in understanding underlying workings of individuals with LDR or LDM. Additional projective assessments or future developments of individualized assessments would be useful in treating the learning disorder community.
B - 15 Additional Insights of the Factor Structure of the Autism Spectrum Adaptive Scale Questionnaire
Authors: Abdallah Salayna , Seeling Ashley , Poreh Amir 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Autism spectrum condition(s) (ASC) a neurodevelopmental disorder with limited research on the etiological basis. Thus, diagnoses are given based on an individual’s behavior. However, the process of receiving a diagnosis can be difficult to procure. Having an accurate self-report scale for diagnosing ASC is important, and current scales have limitations. This study aims to assess the factor structure of a new scale developed by the authors, the Autism Spectrum Adaptive Scale Questionnaire (ASAS-Q).

Methods
994 adult volunteers with and without history of ASC were recruited via Research Match (391 with autism, 594 without autism). We ran an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), which suggested three factors. Using a loading value cutoff of above 0.4, items that either did not load onto any factor or cross loaded were deleted. The final analysis converged in six iterations. Finally, we ran a reliability analysis to test the internal consistency.

Results
In its current experimental form, ASAS-Q has 38 items. Bartlett’s tests of sphericity was significant (χ2 (780) = 24860.18, p = 0.000) and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy indicated a high relationship among variables (KMO = 0.97). These tests indicated that a factor analytic model was acceptable for this dataset. Cronbach’s Alpha indicated that the ASAS-Q has excellent internal consistency overall (α = 0.97) as well as among each of the three subscales: (1) (α = 0.87), (2) (α = 0.90), and (3) (α = 0.94).

Conclusion
These findings indicate that the ASAS-Q may serve as a useful new self-report scale for diagnosing ASC in adults.
B - 22 Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Stafford Claire , Aronson Rebecca , Golden Charles , Willeumier Kristen , Amen Daniel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The current study aims to investigate whether hyperactivity is present in the parietal lobe of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Method
The data for this study was derived from an archival SPECT database. Participants in the ASD group (n = 91, Mage = 10.07, 78% male, 20.9% female, 1.1% others) were like those in the control group (n = 2983, Mage = 12.20, 69.7% male, 30% female, 0.3% other). Multiple independent t-tests were performed between the ASD and control groups on CBF levels in the left and right sides of the parietal lobe.

Results
Statistically significant differences existed between the ASD and control groups on CBF levels as follows: left and right side of the cerebellum, frontal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, vermis, and subcortical areas. In all cases, CBF was higher in the control group than in the ASD group.

Discussion
Findings suggest lower CBF within these areas in individuals with ASD may lead to why children with ASD have difficulties regulating emotions, over sensitivity to auditory stimuli, hand posturing, toe walking, or repetitive behaviors (such as flapping). These areas with lower CBF also lead to poorer memory functioning; these findings may suggest children with ASD have limited ability to remember large amount of information which may suggest why children with ASD have specific interests.
B - 35 An Application of the ECLECTIC Framework to Neuropsychological Evaluation of a Korean-Speaking Older Adult with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD): a Case Study
Authors: Lunia Palak , Seidel Gregory , Stepien Danielle 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The ECLECTIC framework (Fujii, 2018) provides a comprehensive and systematic approach to addressing ethnic diversity in neuropsychological assessment, moving beyond a focus only on test and normative group. It presents a unique opportunity to gain cultural insight, establish rapport and trust, integrate contextual factors, and tailor recommendations. We present a case that illustrates the application of this framework to the neuropsychological evaluation of a first-generation Korean American, bilingual man in his mid-60s.

Methods
The patient emigrated to the United States from South Korea in his 30s. He was referred for neuropsychological evaluation for cognitive problems after ESRD diagnosis. Consistent with ECLECTIC framework, hypothesis-testing and qualitative analysis were conducted to create cultural and linguistic equivalence. Informant reports were collected and incorporated. Linguistic competency was established, and a Korean interpreter was used. The flexible battery included Korean- and English-translated measures.

Results
Cognitive performance was normed against peer groups with similar demographics (age, gender, academic level), and interpreted within cultural contextual factors (education quality, highest occupation, immigration context, linguistic competence, informant report). Results indicated significant memory impairment with relatively preserved language and visuospatial skills. He endorsed severe depression.

Conclusions
Recognizing the impact of cultural biases on the assessment of Korean-speaking individuals with medical comorbidities, we found the ECLECTIC framework to be a valuable tool in supporting careful consideration of cultural and contextual factors in the absence of a cultural broker or Korean-speaking neuropsychologist. Overall, the ECLECTIC model offers an example for clinicians and trainees to employ a culturally responsive framework for ethnically diverse patients.
B - 36 Indian Educational System and Neuropsychological Evaluation among Indian Americans: a Review with Clinical and Cultural Considerations
Authors: Lunia Palak , Hundal Jasdeep , Irani Farzin , Krishnan Kamini , Sunderaraman Preeti 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
India’s educational system is highly complex and intricate. Individuals who emigrate to the United States from India, commonly referred to as Indian Americans, demonstrate a wide range of educational backgrounds. Nonetheless, little is known about the impact of their education on cognition. This study sought to investigate the association between education and cognition among Indian Americans who moved to the United States subsequent to obtaining minimum high school education in India.

Method
A literature review was undertaken to determine the extent and the nature of the relationship between education and cognitive performance in Indian Americans.

Results
No studies were identified that systematically examined the links between educational attainment and cognitive performance among Indian Americans. Previous research conducted in India found that higher educational attainment was associated with better cognitive performance in the domains of attention, memory, language, and executive functioning. However, other studies report gender and regional differences as variables influencing association between education and cognitive performance.

Conclusion
The study provides clinicians with a deeper understanding of the nuanced and multifaceted nature of educational experiences among Indian Americans. Variability in education stemming from a multitude of factors including language of instruction in the school vs. language/s spoken at home, school’s funding, location of the school, school curriculum (public vs. private schools), and societal attitudes towards gender and literacy can impact cognitive performance. These aspects need to be clearly parsed out for accurate selection of the test battery and interpretation of the test performance.
B - 53 Effects of Personality on Response Speed
Authors: Verani Saba , Golden Charles J , Harrigan D'Shawn , Rodriguez Czarinah M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study is to measure how personality features reported on the MMPI-2 predicts response speed measured on a test of attention.

Method
Data was selected from a de-identified database of clinical adults. The sample chosen (N = 508) comprised of mixed psychiatric adults consisting of Caucasians (N = 224, M_edu = 13,42% male & 58% female), African Americans (N = 103, M_edu = 12, 52.1% males & 47.8% females), Hispanics (N = 126, M_edu = 13,53.5% male & 46.4% female), and Other (N-55, M_edu = 13,38.4% male & 61.6% female). All participants were administered the CPT-II and MMPI-2.

Results
Multiple hierarchical regressions were run to test what personality factors predict significant incremental variance on a measure of attention when controlling for age and education. In the final model, the Depression scale was a significant predictor accounting for approximately 0.8% of the variance. The Schizophrenia scale was a significant predictor accounting for approximately 2.2% of the variance. The Paranoia scale was a significant predictor accounting for approximately 1.7% of the variance. The Social Introversion scale was a significant predictor accounting for approximately 1.3% of the variance.

Conclusions
The study found that individuals reporting psychosis, paranoia, and depressive-like symptoms including social introversion on the MMPI-2 demonstrate inattention via slower response time. Comorbidity of psychosis and depression exhibits poorer cognitive performance likely responsible for the slower response rate to targets. Experiencing paranoia and/or hallucinations during the test pulls full attention further missing targets or responding with significant time in between. The low mood with anxious and intrusive thoughts interrupts their ability to focus and process targets efficiently on the CPT-II.
B - 57 An Analysis of the Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADLQ): Is Executive Dysfunction Associated with Functional Decline?
Authors: Berry Matt , Sylvester Doug , Morales Sandra , Stoll Matt , Renteria Laura , White Natasha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The ADLQ measures the ability to perform basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs). Several factors, including cognition, may play a role in someone’s ability to perform ADLs. The purpose of this study was to understand how executive functioning (EF) impacts abilities measured by the ADLQ.

Method
Data were retrospectively collected from a mixed sample of patients with cognitive impairment (MCI: 29; dementia: 34) who underwent neuropsychological evaluation at a private practice in the Portland, Oregon area (n = 63, mean age = 76.65, mean education = 14.92 years). Patients with a history of moderate-to-severe TBI or severe psychiatric history were excluded. Six ADLQ scales and measures of EF (phonemic fluency, DKEFS Tower, Trails B, Stroop Interference) were analyzed using nonparametric Spearman’s rank correlations. A p-level of 0.01 was used to reduce likelihood of type I errors.

Results
There was a negative correlation between phonemic fluency and both self-care (ρ = −0.485, p = 0.002) and shopping (ρ = −0.474, p = 0.003). There was a negative correlation between travel and performance on both Trails B (ρ = −0.490, p = 0.009) and Stroop Interference (ρ = −0.634, p = 0.000). For the above EF tests, worse performance was associated with more impairment in the associated ADLs. Other correlations were not significant.

Conclusions
Performance on certain EF tests is associated with impairment in the domains of self-care, shopping, and travel. Executive dysfunction appears related to functional decline on the ADLQ, but further analysis using larger samples is warranted to better understand this relationship.