bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The City-State Of Madina: Administrative And Constitutional Policies Of Prophet Mohammad [PBUH]
Authors: Nasir Hassan Wani  
Published: December 2023

The Qur'an says man is the noblest of all creation. The entire universe is made for him and serves his goals. In any system, it is important to Examine the status of man in society and the role of the state in connection to the higher moral and ethical principles of life as well as the idea of the Divine Being in the social order. An administrative system that benefits its citizens' well-being is known as a welfare state. The city-state of Medina established by the Holy Prophet Mohammad [PBUH] is one of the best examples of it. It should be remembered that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) is the final messenger sent by Allah and his ultimate mission and objective was to improve the moral and spiritual standards of the people. Therefore, God's wisdom demanded that the features of both prophethood and leadership should be combined in his personality. The life of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), who is the last and final messenger, can be separated into two parts: life in Makkah and life in Medina. While the former was mainly focused on the monotheistic preaching of Islam and the latter was largely concerned with the founding of the city-state of Medina. The prophet performed various characters during the ten years of the Medina period. Muhammad (PBUH) dedicated his life to organizing and developing his newly founded state in all aspects. Its only possible structure and foundation were on Divine Guidance (Wahi), as it had to eliminate all types of ills and develop all types of values and excellencies. In this paper, we'll try to examine the prophet`s administrative and constitutional policies during the governance of the city-state of Medina.
Kardiyovasküler Hastalığı Olan Bireylerin Gündüz Uykululuk Hali ve Yaşam Kaliteleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: SEVGİ DOGAN Esin , KOŞAR ŞAHİN Cansu , DENİZ AKAN Dilan , DEDELİ ÇAYDAM Özden , ÇINAR PAKYÜZ Sezgi 
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, kardiyovasküler hastalığı olan bireylerin gündüz uykululuk hali ve yaşam kalitelerinin değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu araştırmanın örneklemini, bir üniversite hastanesinin kardiyoloji servisinde yatarak tedavi gören 212 kardiyovasküler hastalığı olan birey oluşturdu. Araştırma verileri Hasta Tanıtım Formu, Epworth Uykululuk Ölçeği (EUÖ) ve MacNew Kalp Hastalığına Özgü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (MKÖYKÖ) kullanılarak toplandı. Nicel değişkenler ortalama, standart sapma, minimum ve maksimum; nitel değişkenler ise sayı ve yüzde şeklinde sunuldu. İki grup arasındaki fark bağımsız gruplarda t- testi ile üç ve daha fazla gruplar arasındaki fark ANOVA varyans analizi ile değerlendirildi. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişki Pearson korelasyon analizi ile incelendi. Tek değişkenli analiz sonrası anlamlı çıkan değişkenler ile çok değişkenli regresyon analizi uygulandı.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yarısından fazlasını erkek (%54,2), kronik hastalık öyküsü (%69,8) olan, koroner arter hastalığı olan (%52,4) ve çoğunda gündüz uykululuk hali (%72,6) olmayan bireyler oluşturmaktaydı. Katılımcıların EUÖ puan ortalamalarının 6,46±4,85 ve MKÖYKÖ puan ortalamalarının ölçeğin geneli için 4,11±1,10 olduğu, ölçek puanları arasında negatif yönde (r=- 0,362, p
Tıbbi Cihaz İlişkili Basınç Yaralanması Bilgi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: BARAN Zilan , ÖZDEN Dilek 
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Tıbbi Cihaz İlişkili Basınç Yaralanması Bilgi Ölçeği’nin (TCİBY) Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma metodolojik türde yapılmıştır. Çalışma Mart-Mayıs 2023 tarihlerinde bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan ve dahil olma kriterlerini sağlayan 255 hemşire ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, “Tanımlayıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Tıbbi Cihaz İlişkili Basınç Yaralanması Anketi” ile elde edilmiştir. Ölçüm aracının geçerliği, dil geçerliği, kapsam geçerliği, yüzey geçerliği ve yapı geçerliği ile test edilirken; güvenirliği ise Cronbach alfa katsayısı, madde toplam puan korelasyonu ve test-tekrar testi uygulanarak SPPS for Windows 25.0 (Statistical Package for Social Science) ve 22.0 AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures) istatistik yazılım programları ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Ölçeğin Kapsam Geçerlik İndeksi (KGİ) 0,92 olarak bulunmuştur. Faktör Analizinin yapılabilmesi için hesaplanan Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin değeri 0,779; Bartlett’s değeri x²=1225,011, p
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MENGGUNAKAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN SISWA DI SD NIRWANA TANAH ABANG
Authors: Rahmah Fatimah 
Published: December 2023

Hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam kelas V SD Nirwana belum optimal. Pembelajaran yang monoton dan kurangnya pengetahuan guru terhadap penggunaan multimedia pembelajaran membuat guru tidak bisa menggunakan multimedia yang tersedia di sekolah untuk mengembangkan lingkungan belajar yang lebih baik. Adanya permasalahan tersebut peneliti mengguanakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan sebagai bentuk refleksi diri berkaitan dengan proses dan dampak penerapan multimedia pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa Kelas V A di SD Nirwana Tanah Abang. Penelitian ini terdiri atas empat tahap, yakni perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa penggunaan multimedia pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa terhadap mata pelajaran PAI kelas V A di SD Nirwana Tanah Abang. Hal ini dapat diketahui dengan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa mulai dari prasiklus yang persentase ketuntasannya 35% menjadi 55% pada siklus 1, hingga menjadi 85 % pada siklus II dari jumlah siswa yaitu 20 anak.
Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, Pendidikan Agama Islam, Multimedia Pembelajaran.
Efficacy of Different Essential Oils Against Nymphal Stage of Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) in Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Sonowal Siranjib , Rajkumari Prarthna , Borah Nirmali , Bora Budha , Neog Pranjal Pratim , Borah Birinchi Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Aims: Study the mortality rate of aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch when treated with different essential oils against the nymphal stage.
Study Design: Complete randomized design.
Place and Duration of Study: Biswanath College of Agriculture, Biswanath Chariali during 2022-23
Methodology: All essential oils were applied at three different concentrations viz., 1%,3% and 5% and recorded the mortality percentage after 4,12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of application.
Results: The result showed that neem oil had the best effect on the mortality of nymph (96.67%,100%,100%) in 1,3 and 5 per cent concentration after 72 hours after treatment. The second highest mortality was recorded against nymphs in mint oil (83.33%) followed by clove (80.00%), garlic (76.67%), ginger (73.33%) and eucalyptus (66.67%) oil against nymphs at 72 hours after treatment.
Conclusion: In the present study essential oils showed that mortality rate increased with increasing concentration and times.
Reversing Aging: Decline in Complex Olfactory Learning Can be Rectified by Restoring Intrinsic Plasticity of Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons
Authors: Awasthi Richa , Yuan Qi , Barkai Edi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe acquisition of complex rules requires modifications in intrinsic plasticity of excitatory neurons within relevant brain areas. Olfactory discrimination (OD) rule learning occludes slow calcium‐dependent potassium current (sIAHP) in piriform cortex (PC) pyramidal neurons, which increases their intrinsic neuronal excitability. Similar learning‐induced sIAHP changes are demonstrated in hippocampal CA1. The shutdown of sIAHP is mediated by the metabotropic activation of the kainate subtype glutamatergic receptor, GluK2. Here, the duration of training required for OD rule learning increased significantly as the mice matured and aged is first shown, which appears earlier in 5xFAD mice. At the cellular biophysical level, aging is accompanied by reduction in the post‐burst AHP in these neurons, while neuronal excitability remains stable. This is in contrast to aging CA1 neurons that exhibit enhanced post‐burst AHPs in previous reports. Kainate reduces post‐burst AHP in adults, but not in aged PC neurons, whereas it reduces post‐burst AHPs in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons of both young and aged mice. Overexpression of GluK2 in CA1 neurons restores OD learning capabilities in aged wild‐type and 5xFAD mice, to a level comparable to young adults. Activation of GluK2 receptors in selectively vulnerable neurons can prevent aging‐related cognitive decline is suggested.
Flexible Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Characteristics and Performance
Authors: Liu Aqiang , Mukhin Ivan S. , Islamova Regina M. , Tian Jianjun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFuture displays need to be stretchable, bendable, and wearable to match consumers’ needs for convenience, portable equipment, and real‐time information display. The development of flexible light source components, like flexible light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), is urgently required to fulfill these needs. Metal halide perovskites, known for their excellent optoelectronic properties and ductility, are considered the most promising light‐emitting materials for high‐definition displays, and their outstanding advantage is that the metal halide perovskites would be achieved by solution process under low temperature (<150 °C), which is especially good for the flexible organic substrates to maintain high conductivity during fabrication of flexible LEDs. In recent years, flexible perovskite LEDs have made significant progress, but still face a great deal of difficulties, obstacles, and great challenges. Herein, the mechanical properties of perovskite materials are examined and the failures for perovskite‐based flexible optoelectronic devices under strain are discussed. The authors then focus on optimizing each functional layer and the recent advancement in flexible perovskite LEDs is summarized. Finally, a brief outlook on the challenges faced by flexible perovskite LEDs and their possible future development is provided.
Cayanamide Group Functionalized Crystalline Carbon Nitride Aerogel for Efficient CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Li Yanrui , Xue Yingying , Gao Xiang , Wang Linda , Liu Xiao , Wang Zhenhua , Shen Shaohua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor photocatalytic CO2 reduction, traditional amorphous polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) has suffered from fast photoexcited electron‐hole recombination and low specific surface area, resulting in low photocatalytic activity. Herein, starting from thermally polymerized PCN, cayanamide groups (─CN) functionalized crystalline carbon nitride (CCN) self‐supporting aerogels are obtained through a molten‐salt and self‐assembly two‐step strategy, which realized efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction into CO as the main reduction products and O2 as the oxidation product, with CO evolution rate and selectivity reaching 25.7 µmol g−1 h−1 and 93.8%, respectively. It is revealed that the self‐supporting porous aerogel structure can enhance the mass transport of reactants and products, and increase the light absorption ability via multiple photon reflection. With charge carrier separation greatly enhanced in CCN aerogels with high crystallinity as revealed by charge carrier dynamics investigations, theoretical calculations and in situ spectral characterizations evidence that the introduced ─CN groups would act as the active sites for photoreduction of CO2 into CO, with energy barrier greatly reduced for the formation of COOH* intermediates, the rate‐determining step for CO2─to─CO reduction. This work demonstrates a novel and controllable strategy to develop semiconducting polymers with crystal, molecular and morphological structures synergistically modulated for highly efficient and selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Shape Memory Arrays Top Coated by Adjustable Mushroom with Switchable Adhesion to Both Solid and Liquid
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Jia Lei , Li Yufen , Zhao Ruoxi , Wu Chao , Xie Zhimin , Cheng Zhongjun , Liu Yuyan , Zhang Dongjie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSwitchable adhesion, especially that responds to both solids and liquids simultaneously, has recently attracted much attention due to its wide applications. However, it is hard to endow a surface with switchable solid/liquid adhesion and high maximum solid adhesion at the same time due to the opposing requirement of solid contact fraction. In this paper, a shape memory/elasticity dual‐structure adjustable strategy to satisfy that special demand is offered. In detail, by constructing the shape memory epoxy resin arrays with spherical polyurethane mushroom on Fe3O4 doped substrate, a smart photo/thermal responsive material with switchable solid/liquid adhesion is prepared. In the work, the structure of the shape memory resin arrays can be reversibly changed between upright and collapsed states, leading to switchable solid and liquid adhesion. Meantime, the structure of the polyurethane mushroom can be squeezed to increase the contact area with the solid and spontaneously recovered, which can effectively improve the maximum solid adhesion with no effect on liquid adhesion. Furthermore, the obtained material has good cyclicity and universality, which has been applied to selectively pick silicon wafers and water droplets. The findings of this study may provide new strategies for the development of smart adhesive materials.
Constructing NiSe2/MoSe2 Mott–Schottky Heterojunctions Onto N‐doped Brain Coral‐Carbon Spheres by Phase Separation Strategies for Advanced Energy Conversion Applications
Authors: Yun Sining , Gao Zan , Yang Tianxiang , Sun Menglong , Yang Guangping , Wang Ke , Wang Zhiguo , Yuan Shuangxi , Zhang Mengmeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConstructing Mott–Schottky heterojunctions in nanohybrids is an effective strategy for facilitating electron transfer and optimizing the electronic structure of active sites; however, challenges remain. Herein, a selenium‐induced phase separation strategy is proposed and successfully construct NiSe2/MoSe2 Mott–Schottky heterojunctions on N‐doped brain coral carbon nanospheres (N‐BCCSs). Owing to built‐in electric fields, optimized electronic density, and unique nanoflake/sphere structures, the designed NiSe2/MoSe2@N‐BCCSs carbon‐based Mott–Schottky catalysts achieved satisfactory electrocatalytic performance. When serving as a counter electrode for the triiodide reduction reaction (IRR), a power conversion efficiency of 8.49% is obtained, which outperformed that of conventional Pt electrodes (7.80%). When the NiSe2/MoSe2@N‐BCCSs are used as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), their overpotential (η10) is as low as 119 mV, which is significantly better than that of other transition‐metal selenides. This research demonstrates a new concept for constructing Mott–Schottky heterojunctions and provides a new direction for investigating multifunctional carbon‐based composites.
Peptide‐Based Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Self‐Assemblies for Ultrasensitive and Visual Detection of Heparin
Authors: Fan Fang , Chen Xu‐Man , Lin Jieman , Lin Meiyu , Li Ling , Gu Yanqiu , Chai Yifeng , Zhang Hai , Chen Xiaofei , Li Quan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAccurate point‐of‐care testing (POC) of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) can efficiently promote its rational use in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic diseases but still remain a key challenge. Herein, a peptide‐derived supramolecular self‐assembly system is reported for ultrasensitive and visual detection of LMWH. Two different peptides are designed and modified by gold nanocluster (AuNC) and tetraphenylethene (TPE), respectively, to co‐assemble into nanoparticles, enabling the loading and co‐recognition of LMWH. Owing to two‐wavelength emission from the co‐assemblies at 624 and 460 nm that is highly sensitive to LMWH, such assemblies realize ratio‐type detection of LMWH. The sensitivity of the AuNC‐peptide to LMWH significantly increases when co‐assembling with TPE‐peptide, while that of TPE‐peptide maintains in a high level, enabling a balanced and ultrahigh sensitivity of both two fluorophores. Such self‐assemblies reach an extreme limit of detection of 0.0004 IU mL−1 and realize dramatic fluorescence color change when loading trace concentration of LMWH, which can be simply distinguished by naked‐eye. Thus, by preparing Pep2@AuNC/TPE‐Pep1 test strips the POC testing of LMWH in real thrombus patient samples has achieved. It provides a promising tool for on‐site and real‐time monitoring of anticoagulation therapy to guide LMWH titration into the therapeutic window.
Granular Hydrogels for Harnessing the Immune Response
Authors: Widener Adrienne E. , Roberts Abilene , Phelps Edward A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis review aims to understand the current progress in immune‐instructive granular hydrogels and identify the key features used as immunomodulatory strategies. Published work is systematically reviewed and relevant information about granular hydrogels used throughout these studies is collected. The base polymer, microgel generation technique, polymer crosslinking chemistry, particle size and shape, annealing strategy, granular hydrogel stiffness, pore size and void space, degradability, biomolecule presentation, and drug release are cataloged for each work. Several granular hydrogel parameters used for immune modulation: porosity, architecture, bioactivity, drug release, cell delivery, and modularity, are identified. The authors found in this review that porosity is the most significant factor influencing the innate immune response to granular hydrogels, while incorporated bioactivity is more significant in influencing adaptive immune responses. Here, the authors' findings and summarized results from each section are presented and suggestions are made for future studies to better understand the benefits of using immune‐instructive granular hydrogels.
CXCR4‐Expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Nanovesicles for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Authors: Gan Jingjing , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Chen Guangcai , Hao Xubin , Zhao Yuanjin , Sun Lingyun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCell membrane camouflage technology, which a demonstrated value for the bionic replication of natural cell membrane properties, is an active area of ongoing research readily applicable to nanomedicine. How to realize immune evasion, slow down the clearance from the body, and improve targeting are still worth great efforts for this technology. Herein, novel cell membrane‐mimicked nanovesicles from genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are presented as a potential anti‐inflammatory platform for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. Utilizing the synthetic biology approach, the biomimetic nanoparticles are constructed by fusing C‐X‐C motif chemokine receptor4 (CXCR4)‐anchored MSC membranes onto drug‐loaded polymeric cores (MCPNs), which make them ideal decoys of stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1)‐targeted arthritis. These resulting nanocomplexes function to escape from the immune system and enhance accumulation in the established inflamed joints via the CXCR4/SDF‐1 chemotactic signal axis, thereby achieving an affinity to activated macrophages and synovial fibroblasts. It is further demonstrated that the MCPNs can significantly suppress synovial inflammation and relieve pathological conditions with favorable safety properties in collagen‐induced arthritis mice. These findings indicate the clinical value of MCPNs as biomimetic nanodrugs for RA therapy and related diseases.
Conjugated Phosphonic Acids Enable Robust Hole Transport Layers for Efficient and Intrinsically Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Wang Wanhai , Wei Kun , Deng Jidong , Huang Pengyu , Dong Peiyao , Cai Xuanyi , Yang Li , Tang Weihua , Zhang Jinbao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh efficiency and long‐term stability are the prerequisites for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, inadequate and non‐uniform doping of hole transport layers (HTLs) still limits the efficiency improvements, while the intrinsic instability of HTLs caused by ion migration and accumulation is difficult to be addressed by external encapsulation. Here it is shown that the addition of a conjugated phosphonic acid (CPA) to the Spiro‐OMeTAD benchmark HTL can greatly enhance the device efficiency and intrinsic stability. Featuring an optimal diprotic‐acid structure, indolo(3,2‐b)carbazole‐5,11‐diylbis(butane‐4,1‐diyl) bis(phosphonic acid) (BCZ) is developed to promote morphological uniformity and mitigate ion migration across both perovskite/HTL and HTL/Ag interfaces, leading to superior charge conductivity, reinforced ion immobilization, and remarkable film stability. The dramatically improved interfacial charge collection endows BCZ‐based n‐i‐p PSCs with a champion power conversion efficiency of 24.51%. More encouragingly, the BCZ‐based devices demonstrate remarkable stability under harsh environmental conditions by retaining 90% of initial efficiency after 3000 h in air storage. This work paves the way for further developing robust organic HTLs for optoelectronic devices.
Electrolyte Engineering with Tamed Electrode Interphases for High‐Voltage Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Yumei , Zhu Lujun , Wang Enhui , An Yun , Liu Yatao , Shen Kaier , He Mengxue , Jia Yongfeng , Ye Guo , Xiao Zhitong , Li Yitao , Pang Quanquan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) hold great promise for next‐generation grid‐scale energy storage. However, the highly instable electrolyte/electrode interphases threaten the long‐term cycling of high‐energy SIBs. In particular, the instable cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) at high voltage causes persistent electrolyte decomposition, transition metal dissolution, and fast capacity fade. Here, this work proposes a balanced principle for the molecular design of SIB electrolytes that enables an ultra‐thin, homogeneous, and robust CEI layer by coupling an intrinsically oxidation‐stable succinonitrile solvent with moderately solvating carbonates. The proposed electrolyte not only shows limited anodic decomposition thus leading to a thin CEI, but also suppresses dissolution of CEI components at high voltage. Consequently, the tamed electrolyte/electrode interphases enable extremely stable cycling of Na3V2O2(PO4)2F (NVOPF) cathodes with outstanding capacity retention (>90%) over 3000 cycles (8 months) at 1 C with a high charging voltage of 4.3 V. Further, the NVOPF||hard carbon full cell shows stable cycling over 500 cycles at 1 C with a high average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.6%. The electrolyte also endows high‐voltage operation of SIBs with great temperature adaptability from −25 to 60 °C, shedding light on the essence of fundamental electrolyte design for SIBs operating under harsh conditions.