bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic associations between stayability to consecutive calvings and traits of economic interest in taurine and zebu breeds
Authors: da Silva Morales Débora , Silva Diogo Osmar , Ayres Denise Rocha , Junior Mário Luiz Santana , Bignardi Annaiza Braga , Ventura Ricardo Vieira , de Oliveira Menezes Gilberto Romeiro , Carvalheiro Roberto , Piccoli Mário Luiz , Roso Vanerlei Mozaquatro , Pereira Rodrigo Junqueira 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStayability (STAY) is a way to evaluate the productive longevity of females. Measuring the STAY at each cow calving allows earlier indicators of longevity to be obtained. Our objective with this study was to verify the association between STAY and consecutive calvings and traits potentially used as selection criteria in beef cattle, such as age at first calving (AFC), days to calving (DC), weaning weight (WW), and yearling weight (YW). Data from the Nelore, Angus/Brangus, and Hereford/Braford breeds were used. The estimation of variance components and subsequent prediction of breeding values were performed for all traits. The estimated breeding values (EBV) were used to analyse the association between STAY and the other traits. The Pearson's correlation estimated between the EBV for the intercept coefficient for STAY to consecutive calvings and those of AFC, DC, WW (direct and maternal effects), and YW was favourable and of low magnitude (<0.25) depending on the breed studied. The influence of the genetic merit of AFC on the chance of selection for STAY was favourable and relevant regardless of the intensity of selection and breed. DC and WW (maternal effect) traits were favourably influenced by the chance of selection for STAY, irrespective of breed. The WW (direct effect) did not affect the chance of selection for STAY for the Nelore and Hereford/Braford breeds and negatively influenced, but to a small extent, the Angus/Brangus breed. For YW, an increase in genetic merit affected the chances of selection for STAY, depending on the breed and selection intensity evaluated. The influence of the genetic merit for AFC, DC, and WW (maternal effect) on the chance of selection for STAY to consecutive calvings was favourable and relevant regardless of the selection intensity scenario evaluated. The WW (direct effect) did not influence the chance of selection for STAY. For the scenario with high selection intensity, the selection for YW favourably influenced the chance of selection for STAY in Angus/Brangus and Hereford/Braford breeds but not in Nelore.
Navigating the integration of biotic interactions in biogeography
Authors: Thuiller Wilfried , Calderón‐Sanou Irene , Chalmandrier Loïc , Gaüzère Pierre , O'Connor Louise M. J. , Ohlmann Marc , Poggiato Giovanni , Münkemüller Tamara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBiotic interactions are widely recognised as the backbone of ecological communities, but how best to study them is a subject of intense debate, especially at macro‐ecological scales. While some researchers claim that biotic interactions need to be observed directly, others use proxies and statistical approaches to infer them. Despite this ambiguity, studying and predicting the influence of biotic interactions on biogeographic patterns is a thriving area of research with crucial implications for conservation. Three distinct approaches are currently being explored. The first approach involves empirical observation and measurement of biotic interactions' effects on species demography in laboratory or field settings. While these findings contribute to theory and to understanding species' demographies, they can be challenging to generalise on a larger scale. The second approach centers on inferring biotic associations from observed co‐occurrences in space and time. The goal is to distinguish the environmental and biotic effects on species distributions. The third approach constructs extensive potential interaction networks, known as metanetworks, by leveraging existing knowledge about species ecology and interactions. This approach analyses local realisations of these networks using occurrence data and allows understanding large distributions of multi‐taxa assemblages. In this piece, we appraise these three approaches, highlighting their respective strengths and limitations. Instead of seeing them as conflicting, we advocate for their integration to enhance our understanding and expand applications in the emerging field of interaction biogeography. This integration shows promise for ecosystem understanding and management in the Anthropocene era.
Surgery based on computed tomography images might be feasible for primary aldosteronism patients with visible unilateral adenoma
Authors: Fang Chen , Dai Jun , Zhao Juping , Huang Xin , He Wei , Xu Jianzhong , Sun Fukang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA) with unilateral adrenal disease can be cured or improved by adrenalectomy. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is recommended to identify patients for surgical management. However, surgeries based on computed tomography (CT) images are only advocated for PA patients aged <35 with visible unilateral adenoma. Herein, we aimed to compare CT‐based and AVS‐based surgery outcomes for PA patients with visible unilateral adenomas for different age groups. A total of 178 PA patients who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy between June 2018 and January 2021 were included in the study based on CT (n = 54) or AVS (n = 124). Demographics, diagnostics, and follow‐up data were retrospectively collected. Clinical and biochemical outcomes were analyzed according to Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcome (PASO) criteria at 1‐year follow‐up. Our results showed that complete clinical success (46.3% vs. 47.6%, p = 0.875) and complete biochemical success (88.8% vs. 91.9%, p = 0.515) were similar between the two groups. Age stratification revealed that patients >55 years old were likely to have worse biochemical outcomes; however, these were still not significantly different (21.4% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.220). Of the 114 AVS‐based patients who achieved complete biochemical success, 37 (32.4%) with bilateral normal or bilateral abnormal CT images changed treatment options according to AVS results, 1 (0.9%) avoided adrenalectomy on the wrong side. Our results indicated that surgery based on CT images might be feasible for highly selected PA patients with visible unilateral adenomas and less limited by age, while for those with normal adrenal or bilateral adrenal lesions, treatment strategy must be decided by AVS.
Drain fluid volume combined with amylase level predicts clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A retrospective clinical study
Authors: Ji Yuchen , Shen Ziyun , Li Jingwei , Zhou Yiran , Chen Haoda , Li Hongzhe , Xie Junjie , Deng Xiaxing , Shen Baiyong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimSeveral indicators are recognized in the development of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR‐POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). However, drain fluid volume (DFV) remains poorly studied. We aimed to discover the predictive effects of DFV and guide clinical management.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients that received PD between January 2015 and December 2019 in a high‐volume center. DFV was analyzed as a potential risk factor and postoperative short‐term outcomes as well as drain removal time were compared stratified by different DFV levels. Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under curves (AUC) were compared for DFV alone and DFV combined with drain fluid amylase (DFA). Subgroup analysis of DFV stratified by DFA evaluated the predictability of CR‐POPF.ResultsCR‐POPF occurred in 19.7% of 841 patients. Hypertension, postoperative day 3 (POD3) DFA ≥ 300 U/L, and POD3 DFV ≥ 30 mL were independent risk factors, while pancreatic main duct diameter ≥ 3 mm was a protective factor. POD3 DFV ≥ 30 mL increased the overall occurrences of CR‐POPF and major complications (P = 0.017; P = 0.029). POD3 DFV alone presented a low predictive value (AUC 0.602), while POD3 DFV combined with DFA had a high predictive value (AUC 0.759) for CR‐POPF. Subgroup analysis showed that the combination of POD3 DFV ≥ 30 mL and DFA ≥ 300 U/L led to higher incidences of CR‐POPF (P = 0.003).ConclusionCR‐POPF is common after PD, and high DFV combined with DFA may predict its occurrence and facilitate appropriate management.
Clinical outcomes of anti‐reflux mucosal ablation for gastroesophageal reflux disease: An international bi‐institutional study
Authors: Shimamura Yuto , Inoue Haruhiro , Tanabe Mayo , Ushikubo Kei , Yamamoto Kazuki , Kimoto Yoshiaki , Nishikawa Yohei , Ando Ryohei , Sumi Kazuya , Navarro Marc Julius , Teruel Sanchez‐Vegazo Carlos , Peñas Beatriz , Parejo Sofía , Martínez Sánchez Alba , Vazquez‐Sequeiros Enrique , Onimaru Manabu , Albillos Agustín , Rodriguez de Santiago Enrique 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimAnti‐reflux mucosal ablation (ARMA) is an emerging endoscopic treatment aimed at enhancing the gastroesophageal junction flap valve. This study aimed to evaluate its feasibility, effectiveness, and safety.MethodsBetween May 2018 and December 2022, patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms refractory to acid suppression medications or those dependent on such medications were enrolled for ARMA. This retrospective analysis utilized prospectively collected data from an international bi‐center study. GERD questionnaire, upper endoscopy, and 24‐h pH monitoring were conducted at 2–6 months and 12 months post‐ARMA. Clinical success was defined as a > 50% reduction in a validated GERD questionnaire.ResultsA total of 68 patients underwent ARMA. Definitive GERD was diagnosed in 44 (64.7%) patients, while 24 (35.3%) exhibited reflux hypersensitivity. Clinical success rates at 2–6 months and 1 year post‐ARMA were 60% (39/65) and 70% (21/30), respectively. The median GERD‐health‐related quality of life score significantly improved from 26 to 11 at 2–6 months (P < 0.001). Among the 51 patients (71.8%) who underwent 24‐h pH monitoring, the median acid exposure time decreased from 5.3% to 0.7% (P = 0.003), accompanied by a significant reduction in esophagitis rates (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis did not identify predictors of short‐term success. Nine (13.2%) patients experienced transient stenosis requiring balloon dilation.ConclusionsARMA demonstrates both technical feasibility and reproducibility as a safe procedure that effectively ameliorates GERD symptoms in approximately two‐thirds of patients during short‐term follow up. Both reflux hypersensitivity and confirmed GERD patients, regardless of their response to acid suppression medication, may be suitable candidates.
The impact of jejunostomy feeding on nutritional outcomes after oesophagectomy
Authors: Davies Sarah J. , Wheelwright Sally 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNutritional status is compromised long‐term following oesophagectomy. Controversy surrounds the optimal route for nutrition support postoperatively and there is wide variation in the use of feeding jejunostomy tubes.MethodsA retrospective service evaluation was conducted for all consecutive adults who underwent oesophagectomy for a cancer diagnosis within a specialist centre between April 2016 and July 2019 (n = 165). Nutritional and clinical outcomes were compared for patients who received jejunostomy feeding (n = 24), versus those who did not (n = 141).ResultsPatients with feeding jejunostomy lost significantly less weight at both 6 and 12 months postoperatively compared to those without jejunostomy (p ≤ 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). This remained statistically significant in multiple regression, controlling for age, gender, preoperative tumour staging and adjuvant treatment (p ≤ 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively). Median length of home enteral feeding was 10 weeks after discharge in the jejunostomy group. We observed minor jejunostomy tube‐related complications in four patients (16.7%). Of those readmitted within 90 days of surgery in the non‐jejunostomy group, nutritional failure was a factor in 43.2% of these readmissions. “Rescue tube feeding” was required by 8.5% of the non‐jejunostomy group within the first postoperative year, including 6.4% within 90 days of surgery.ConclusionsUse of short‐term supplementary jejunal feeding in addition to oral intake after hospital discharge is beneficial for maintaining weight after oesophagectomy. We suggest a future randomised‐controlled trial to confirm these findings.
α‐Synuclein induces deficiency in clathrin‐mediated endocytosis through inhibiting synaptojanin1 expression
Authors: Song Dong‐Yan , Yuan Lin , Cui Na , Feng Cong , Meng Lanxia , Wang Xin‐He , Xiang Man , Liu Di , Wang Chun , Zhang Zhentao , Li Jia‐Yi , Li Wen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is an age‐related chronic neurological disorder, mainly characterized by the pathological feature of α‐synuclein (α‐syn) aggregation, with the exact disease pathogenesis unclear. During the onset and progression of PD, synaptic dysfunction, including dysregulation of axonal transport, impaired exocytosis, and endocytosis are identified as crucial events of PD pathogenesis. It has been reported that over‐expression of α‐syn impairs clathrin‐mediated endocytosis (CME) in the synapses. However, the underlying mechanisms still needs to be explored. In this study, we investigated the molecular events underlying the synaptic dysfunction caused by over‐expression of wild‐type human α‐syn and its mutant form, involving series of proteins participating in CME. We found that excessive human α‐syn causes impaired fission and uncoating of clathrin‐coated vesicles during synaptic vesicle recycling, leading to reduced clustering of synaptic vesicles near the active zone and increased size of plasma membrane and number of endocytic intermediates. Furthermore, over‐expressed human α‐syn induced changes of CME‐associated proteins, among which synaptojanin1 (SYNJ1) showed significant reduction in various brain regions. Over‐expression of SYNJ1 in primary hippocampal neurons from α‐syn transgenic mice recovered the synaptic vesicle density, clustering and endocytosis. Using fluorescence‐conjugated transferrin, we demonstrated that SYNJ1 re‐boosted the CME activity by restoring the phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐bisphosphate homeostasis. Our data suggested that over‐expression of α‐syn disrupts synaptic function through interfering with vesicle recycling, which could be alleviated by re‐availing of SYNJ1. Our study unrevealed a molecular mechanism of the synaptic dysfunction in PD pathogenesis and provided a potential therapeutic target for treating PD.
A life‐changing process when living with chronic kidney disease: A qualitative study
Authors: Frandsen Christina E. , Dieperink Hans , Trettin Bettina , Agerskov Hanne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with chronic kidney disease and their family members experience a number of lifestyle changes caused by the illness. The value of advance care planning includes understanding health status and options for future care, communication between close family members, and identification of wishes and preferences for care and treatment in relation to family and everyday life.ObjectiveExplore how patients with chronic kidney disease and their families experience everyday life and how they experience having to make choices about treatment.DesignAn explorative study using a qualitative method with a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach.ParticipantsTwelve patients with chronic kidney disease without kidney replacement therapy who were considering their treatment options and eight family members.ApproachIndividual semistructured interviews with a narrative approach were conducted between August 2021 and March 2022. The data were analysed using Ricoeur's interpretation theory on three levels: naïve reading, structural analysis and critical interpretation and discussion.FindingsOne main theme was generated: Family dynamics in a life‐changing process. From this, three subthemes were derived: Living in an ordinary life placed in a waiting position, The dilemma of readiness to share and Feelings of being left alone.ConclusionThere are changes in family roles and in identity and a desire to maintain the known and ordinary life. Living with chronic kidney disease as a part of daily life is managed differently in the family, which can lead to feelings such as sadness, frustration and loss of shared life and resilience.
Conscientious Objection in Healthcare: The Requirement of Justification, the Moral Threshold, and Military Refusals
Authors: Żuradzki Tomasz 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTA dogma accepted in many ethical, religious, and legal frameworks is that the reasons behind conscientious objection (CO) in healthcare cannot be evaluated or judged by any institution because conscience is individual and autonomous. This paper shows that this background view is mistaken: the requirement to reveal and explain the reasons for conscientious objection in healthcare is ethically justified and legally desirable. Referring to real healthcare cases and legal regulations, this paper argues that these reasons should be evaluated either ex ante or ex post and defends novel conceptual claims that have not been analyzed in the debates on CO. First, a moral threshold requirement: CO is only justified if the reasons behind a refusal are of a moral nature and meet a certain threshold of moral importance. Second, this paper considers the rarely discussed conceptual similarities between CO in healthcare and the legal regulations concerning military refusals that place the burden of proof on conscientious objectors. This paper concludes that conscientious objection in healthcare can be accommodated only in some cases of destroying or killing human organisms.
Sedentary Behavior and School Bullying in Adolescents: An Analysis Based on a National Survey in Colombia
Authors: Zapata‐López Jhoan Sebastián , Tonguino‐Rosero Stefanie , Méndez Fabián 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSedentarism has been associated with poorer mental health, greater likelihood of bullying and suicide risk; however, studies with national coverage are needed to characterize contexts and allow comparisons between nations. The aim of this study was to examine the association between sedentary lifestyles with bullying in the social context of Colombian adolescents.METHODSCross‐sectional study with 78,772 adolescents aged 13‐17 years participating in the 2017 National School Health Survey. Sedentary behavior was defined as sitting for 3+ hours/day of leisure time, while bullying was identified by self‐report of being victimized 1+ times/month. Relative frequencies were estimated and, using a log‐binomial regression model, prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated.RESULTSA total of 15.31% of students reported being victims of bullying. A higher probability to be bullied was estimated in sedentary adolescents (PR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.09‐1.29), as well as in females, ethnic minorities, those who went hungry in the last month due to lack of food, students with health problems, and private schools.CONCLUSIONSBullying was related with sedentary leisure time, gender, ethnicity, type of educational institution, and presence of health problems. Being a multicausal phenomenon, bullying demands policies and programs with a greater focus on the most vulnerable groups.
The Breast‐Imaging Operations, Practices and Systems Inventory: A framework to examine mammography facility effects on screening in rural communities
Authors: Anderson Roger T. , Hillemeier Marianne M. , Camacho Fabian T. , Harvey Jennifer A. , Bonilla Gloribel , Batten George P. , Robinson Brenna , Safon Cara B. , Louis Chris 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeDevelop and test a measurement framework of mammogram facility resources, policies, and practices in Appalachia.MethodsSurvey items describing 7 domains of imaging facility qualities were developed and tested in the Appalachian regions of Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. Medicare claims data (2016‐2018) were obtained on catchment area mammogram services. Construct validity was examined from associations with facility affiliation, community characteristics, mammogram screening uptake, and market reach. Analyses were performed with t‐tests and ANOVA.ResultsA total of 192 (of 377) sites completed the survey. Five factors were initially selected in exploratory factor analysis (FA) and refined in confirmatory FA: capacity, outreach & marketing, operational support, radiology review (NNFI = .94, GFI = 0.93), and diagnostic services (NNFI = 1.00, GFI = 0.99). Imaging capacity and diagnostic services were associated with screening uptake, with capacity strongly associated with catchment area demographic and economic characteristics. Imaging facilities in economically affluent versus poorer areas belong to larger health systems and have significantly more resources (P < .001). Facilities in economically distressed locations in Appalachia rely more heavily on outreach activities (P < .001). Higher facility capacity was significantly associated (P < .05) with larger catchment area size (median split: 48.5 vs 51.6), mammogram market share (47.4 vs 52.7), and screening uptake (47.6 vs 52.4).ConclusionsA set of 18 items assessing breast imaging services and facility characteristics was obtained, representing policies and practices related to a facility's catchment area size, market share, and mammogram screening uptake.