bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ursodeoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic bile acids attenuate systemic and liver inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats
Authors: Milivojac Tatjana , Grabež Milkica , Krivokuća Aleksandra , Maličević Uglješa , Bojić Milica Gajić , Đukanović Đorđe , Uletilović Snežana , Mandić-Kovačević Nebojša , Cvjetković Tanja , Barudžija Maja , Vojinović Nataša , Šmitran Aleksandra , Amidžić Ljiljana , Stojiljković Miloš P , Čolić Miodrag , Mikov Momir , Škrbić Ranko 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces general inflammation, by activating pathways involving cytokine production, blood coagulation, complement system activation, and acute phase protein release. The key cellular players are leukocytes and endothelial cells, that lead to tissue injury and organ failure. The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytoprotective properties of two bile acids, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in LPS-induced endotoxemia in rats. The experiment involved six distinct groups of Wistar rats, each subjected to different pretreatment conditions: control and LPS groups were pretreated with propylene glycol, as a bile acid solvent, while the other groups were pretreated with UDCA or CDCA for 10 days followed by an LPS injection on day 10. The results showed that both UDCA and CDCA reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines: TNF-α, GM-CSF, IL-2, IFNγ, IL-6, and IL-1β and expression of nuclear factor- κB (NF-κB) induced by LPS. In addition, pretreatment with these bile acids showed a positive impact on lipid profiles, a decrease in ICAM levels, an increase in antioxidant activity (SOD, |CAT, GSH), and a decrease in prooxidant markers (H2O2 and O2 –). Furthermore, both bile acids alleviated LPS-induced liver injury. While UDCA and CDCA pretreatment attenuated homocysteine levels in LPS-treated rats, only UDCA pretreatment showed reductions in other serum biochemical markers, including creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and high-sensitivity troponin I. It can be concluded that both, UDCA and CDCA, although exerted slightly different effects, can prevent the inflammatory responses induced by LPS, improve oxidative stress status, and attenuate LPS-induced liver injury.
Predicting Cognitive Functioning in High-Grade Glioma: Evaluating Different Representations of Tumor Location in a Common Space
Authors: Boelders Sander Martijn , De Baene Wouter , Postma Eric , Gehring Karin , Ong Lee-Ling Sharon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
: Cognitive functioning is increasingly considered when making treatment decisions for patients with a brain tumor in view of a personalized onco-functional balance. Ideally, one can predict cognitive functioning of individual patients to make treatment decisions considering this balance. To make accurate predictions, an informative representation of tumor location is pivotal, yet comparisons of representations are lacking. Therefore, this study compares brain atlases and principal component analysis to represent voxel-wise tumor location.
Methods
Pre-operative cognitive functioning was predicted for 246 patients with a high-grade glioma across eight cognitive tests while using different representations of voxel-wise tumor location as predictors. Voxel-wise tumor location was represented using 13 different frequently-used population average atlases, 13 randomly generated atlases, and 13 representations based on principal component analysis. ElasticNet predictions were compared between representations and against a model solely using tumor volume as a predictor.
Results
Preoperative cognitive functioning could only partly be predicted from the representations of tumor location. Representations based on principal component analysis resulted in better predictions compared to those based on population average- and random atlases. Population average atlases did not result in better predictions when compared to random atlases.
Discussion
For the prediction of cognitive performances, representations based on principal component analysis should be favored over population average atlases for prediction if the decrease in interpretability is acceptable. Population average atlases possibly cannot distinguish between functionally distinct areas when applied to patients with a glioma. Researchers should develop and validate methods for individual parcellations in the presence of lesions.
Characterization of Two-compartment Bioreactor for Anaerobic Biohythane Production: Effects of Kitchen Waste Concentration
Authors: Abdul Peer Mohamed , Lay Chyi-How , Lin Chiu-Yue , Vo Tan-Phat , Chang Chia-Min 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Anaerobic digestion is a promising technology for kitchen waste treatment, as it has high energy recovery and reduces environmental problems. A two-compartment bioreactor (TCR) constructed with a hydrogen compartment and a methane compartment with the working volume of 300 mL and 4700 mL respectively was cultivated at various kitchen waste from 10 to 80 g COD/L at hydraulic retention time 2 d to characterize the biohythane production performance. Results show biohythane composition H2, CH4 and CO2 were 0-9%, 35-48%, and 48-58%, respectively during steady-state conditions. After 80 days of cultivation, Firmicutes dominated the hydrogen compartment and Methanobacteriaceae and Methanomicrobiaceae dominated the methane compartment.
Climate adjusted projections of the distribution and frequency of poor air quality days for the Contiguous United States
Authors: Wilson Bradley , Pope Mariah , Melecio-Vasquez David , Hsieh Ho , Alfaro Maximilian , Shu Evelyn , Porter Jeremy R. , Kearns Edward J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Unhealthy air quality conditions can strongly affect long-term human health and well-being, yet many air quality data products focus on near real-time alerts or short-term forecasts. Understanding the full state of air quality also requires examining the longer term frequency and intensity of poor air quality at ground level, and how it might change over time. We present a new modeling framework to compute climate-adjusted estimates of air quality hazards for the contiguous United States (CONUS) at 10 kilometer horizontal resolution. The framework blends results from statistical, machine-learning, and climate-chemistry models – including a bias-adjusted version of the EPA Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) time series as described in (Wilson et al., 2022) - for ground-level ozone, anthropogenic fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and wildfire smoke PM2.5 into consistent estimates of days exceeding the ‘unhealthy for sensitive groups’ (orange colored) classification on the EPA Air Quality Index for 2023 and 2053. We find that joint PM2.5 and ozone orange + days range from 1 day to 41 days across CONUS, with a median value of 2 days, across all years. Considering all properties across CONUS, we find that 63.5% percent are exposed to at least one orange or greater day in 2023, growing to 72.1% in 2053. For a 7-day threshold, 3.8% and 5.7% of properties are exposed in 2023 and 2053, respectively. Our results also support the identification of which parts of the country are most likely to be impacted by additional climate-related air quality risks. With growing evidence that even low levels of air pollution are harmful, these results are an important step forward in empowering individuals to understand their air quality risks both now and into the future.
Analysis of gene expression and immune infiltration in white adipose tissue of patients with obesity: bioinformatics analysis and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Qiuying , Ren Yifan , He Linfeng , Zeng Tianshu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The physiological and pathological process of obesity involves inflammation and immunity. The alterations in the number and function of immune cells may have an effect on systemic inflammation and homeostasis. This study aimed to explore the different biological processes and immune infiltration landscape in obesity.
Methods
Nine obesity-related datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs)in adipose tissues were identified by “limma” R package or GEO2R and then Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed. Meanwhile, we conducted the immune infiltration analysis with gene expression data and Meta-analysis was performed based on the results of immune infiltration. Finally, we selected hub genes and tried to find out the connection between hub genes and immune infiltration.
Results
46 common DEGs were identified, among which the up-regulated genes were involved in biological processes such as the regulation of hemopoiesis, leukocyte differentiation, activation and migration, cell adhesion, cytokine secretion, and interactions. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the percentages of monocytes and macrophages were increased in obesity, while there was no significant difference in neutrophils. The obese patients had a higher proportion of CD4 T cells, induced regulatory T (iTreg) cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, T helper 2 (Th2) cells, T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, and lower levels of CD8 T cells, B cells, CD8 naive cells, exhausted T (Tex) cells, and γδ T cells compared with the controls. PTPRC、ITGAX、CD86、MMP9、ITGB2、CCR1、TLR8、CCL19、SPP1、TREM2 were identified as hub genes.
Conclusion
In obesity, genes related to immunity and inflammation are upregulated in adipose tissue, and the function and abundance of immune cells are changed. There are more monocytes and macrophages in obese people than those in non-obese individuals, and there are also differences in lymphocytes and their subsets.
Stress status of earthquakes in the immediate vicinity before and after 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes (Mw7.7 and Mw7.6) in terms of prediction of destructive earthquakes
Authors: Akar Fahriye 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
b value analysis obtained using earthquake catalogues has been associated with stress accumulation for a very long time. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of the b value, also known as the frequency magnitude distribution factor, was calculated and examined before and after the February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş earthquakes (Mw7.7 and Mw7.6). For this, all earthquakes that occurred between 1900 and the earthquakes of February 6, 2023, and all aftershocks that occurred until September 1, 2023, were used. A circular area with a radius of 300 km, including nearby active faults from the center of the first earthquake to the center of the second earthquake, was divided into grids of equal size. The b value was calculated for each grid using the maximum likelihood method. Very low b values were detected in the area where the first earthquake occurred, and it was observed that the b value decreased relatively in the area where the second earthquake occurred. From the change in b value over time, it was determined that the b value has decreased significantly in recent years. This situation is associated with stress accumulation in the area where both earthquakes occurred, especially the low b values of the region where the first earthquake occurred. The fact that b values obtained using aftershocks are still low is evidence that the tension in the region has not been completely relieved and aftershocks will continue for a long time. At the same time, as a result of this study, the low b value was considered as a precursor to major earthquakes.
Biochar derived from post brewing tea waste as efficient anodic catalyst for tailoring the oxidation reactions in clay microbial fuel cell
Authors: SHARMA ITI 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Rising demand of tea promotes the generation of massive amounts of tea waste causing serious environmental issues. The leftover tea granules (Camellia sinensis) after extraction of water-soluble components as a hot drink denoted as post brewing tea waste (PBTW), which were effetively used to synthesize activated carbon (AC-PBTW). Synthesized AC-PBTW was applied on carbon felt to increase anode surafce area of microbial fuel cell (MFC) for supporting the better colonization of electrogenic bacteria. Three identical clayware MFCs were used in which MFC-1 worked as a control, in MFC-2 raw PBTW and in MFC-3 synthesized AC-PBTW was coated on the carbon felt anode. MFC-3 achieved the highest current density of 848.48 mA/m2, followed by MFC-1 and MFC-2 with 204 mW/m2 and 194 mW/m2, respectively, with corresponding current densities of 488.34 mA/m2 and 476.68 mA/m2. Such developed anode catalyst showed enhanced electrocatalytic activities for anodic oxidation and electron transfer. Power density of MFC increased significantly by 1.5 times after using low-cost activated carbon derived from organic tea waste; hence, it can be recommended to be used in MFC as an anode catalyst to improve electricity generation.
Using video analytics to standardise complexity of Gallbladder surgery
Authors: Naseem Humair , Tam Adam , Naseem Hasnat , Hutton Michael , Clarke Michael , Finlay Ian , Clark James 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:
Cholecystitis is a widespread disease with an associated spectrum of complications; hence, laparoscopic cholecystectomies are commonly performed. Current grading scales are quantitative and objective. There is a need for a dynamic scoring tool that can help standardise training, theatre scheduling, and utilisation and could be incorporated into artificial intelligence.
Aim/Hypothesis:
• To develop and validate a dynamic scoring tool that incorporates the procedure's difficulty and severity of cholecystitis in correlation to operation time.
• We hypothesise that a higher score correlates positively with increasing time, which could dynamically enhance operating room efficiency and turnover.
Material & Method:
A retrospective review of n = 123 LC videos of anonymised patients of Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust, Treliske, the UK, between April 2019 - September 2021 was performed. A scoring system was proposed to analyse the correlation between cholecystitis severity, the difficulty of the operation and operative time. The tool comprised variables such as gall bladder characteristics, operative steps, anomalies, and additional procedures.
Results:
During the study period, n = 123 cholecystectomy procedures were analysed, n = 81 (65.85%) met the inclusion criteria and n=42 (34.15%) were excluded. The average total score per video was 8.63, with an average completion time of approx. 65 minutes. The results confirmed a positive correlation of R= 0.791 between higher scores leading to extended operative time. Further analysis showed a positive correlation of R= 0.607 was achieved between the Initial Assessment Score and the Initial Assessment Time to assess the gall bladder characteristics. Additionally, a strong positive correlation of R= 0.944 was attained for Total Score, Completion Time, and Initial Assessment Score.
Conclusion:
The proposed grading scale is a practical predictor of the complexity of the procedure in correlation with the duration of the operation. The grading scale should be helpful in surgical training and improved theatre scheduling and utilisation.
Ciudades inteligentes y la academia
Authors: Dávila Sguerra Manuel 
Published: February 2024

Dentro de las transformaciones que vienen afectando a la sociedad en general, el tema de las Ciudades Inteligentes cubre ya un terreno muy amplio, que si bien en sus comienzos nació con solo intentos de definiciones teóricas para explicar en qué consiste ese paradigma, cada vez se acerca más a ser un estado del arte.
Con el tiempo se fueron implementando tecnologías que solucionaron aspectos funcionales de las ciudades en forma no estructurada, pero que fueron solucionando problemas nacidos de las situaciones del momento. En otros casos, algunos países decidieron trabajar de manera formal con la participación del Estado para construir no solo la Ciudad Inteligente en sino las taxonomías que definieran un modelo formal de esta iniciativa.
En ese sentido, Colombia está en ese proceso y hay experiencias que muestran grandes posibilidades de lograrlo de manera estructurada de lo cual veremos resultados en tiempos cercanos. Mientras tanto nos preguntamos: ¿En dónde está la academia en este proceso? Ese es el tema que trataremos en esta editorial porque ya se están viendo resultados que se espera concluyan en una participación visible de la academia como aportantes al desarrollo del país y un reconocimiento de las posibilidades de nuestras universidades como actores en estos procesos.
Abstract
Within the transformations that have been affecting society in general, the topic of Smart Cities already covers a very broad field, which although in its beginnings it was born with only attempts at theoretical definitions to explain what this paradigm consists of, each time it is closer to being a state of the art. Over time, technologies were implemented that solved functional aspects of cities in an unstructured way, but that were solving problems born of the situations of the moment. In other cases, some countries decided to work formally with the participation of the State to build not only the Smart City, but also the taxonomies that would define a formal model for this initiative. In this sense, Colombia is in this process and there are experiences that show great possibilities of achieving it in a structured way, from which we will see results in the near future. Meanwhile we ask ourselves: Where is the academy in this process? That is the subject that we will discuss in this editorial because we are already seeing results that are expected to conclude in a visible participation of the academy as contributors to the development of the country and a recognition of the possibilities of our universities as actors in these processes.
Water in Industry
Authors: Zhang Yongjun , Geissen Sven-Uwe , Track Thomas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Water of different qualities is used in a wide range of industrial processes. After usage, various substances enter the water streams, generating the industrial wastewater whose characteristics may include recalcitrant organics, high salinity, heavy metals, extreme pH, high turbidity, etc. Nowadays, water in industry tends to form a recycling loop, as boosted by regional water scarcity, strict policies on emission control and arising public concerns. The trend increases the challenge of technical solutions and management tools. This book seeks to answer some of the challenges of industrial water management, and covers topics such as membrane separation, adsorption, advanced oxidation and applications.
In Focus–a book series that showcases the latest accomplishments in water research. Each book focuses on a specialist area with papers from top experts in the field. It aims to be a vehicle for in-depth understanding and inspire further conversations in the sector.
Comparative Perspectives: Exploring Workflow Efficiencies of BIM and CAD in 3D Modelling
Authors: Wardana Henricus Arya Wisnu , Maura Audrey , Suman Meliana Putri , Jacinda Steffania 
Published: February 2024

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a new technology to make genuine project contributions, especially in the industry, architecture, and construction sectors. However, in practice, many professional workforces choose computer-aided design (CAD) as the primary technology, which has formerly appeared and is further comprehensible. Building Information Modelling offered different perspectives on purpose to facilitate designers or architects to expertise in various fields. Building Information Modelling (BIM) contains informative data that can use some expertise as a solution to make the occupation more coherent. This research aims to comprehend the workflow differences between Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) system technology. We collated methods by reviewing some literature and reviewing case studies. Then, we compare the workflow and conclude which is more effective for architectural design. In this research, we explore the difference between BIM's workflow and Cad's workflow to know which is more effective. So, we conclude and can apply the technology appropriately in the workflow needed so that it can simplify the workflow.
ESTRATEGIA PARA EL FORTALECIMIENTO DEL PLAN DE ESTUDIOS ACADÉMICO DE LA “MADGSI”, ENFOCADO DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA CIBERSEGURIDAD Y LA CIBERDEFENSA
Authors: Ramírez Ruiz Giovanna Estefanía , Morales Carvajal Robinson Augusto , Lopez Cortes David Enrique , Castillo García Jaquelín , Parra Camacho Oscar Iván 
Published: February 2024

El aumento del llamado “ciberespacio" para guardar información importante y confidencial han aumentado la posibilidad de ataques que buscan acceder a la información gubernamental y poner en riesgo sus operaciones. Por esta razón se creó la ferviente necesidad de implementar múltiples medidas de seguridad, como, por ejemplo, brindar capacitaciones a los funcionarios que les den conocimientos y herramientas para hacer frente a los riesgos que se enfrentan al usar los medios digitales.
Por eso, se propone la estrategia del fortalecimiento del plan de estudios académico de la maestría en Dirección y Gestión de la Seguridad Integral (MADGSI), enfocada desde la perspectiva de la ciberseguridad y la ciberdefensa al interior de la Escuela de Postgrados de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana. Ello con el objetivo de facilitar los procesos de investigación y la continua mejora de la capacidad técnica y académica del personal involucrado en el marco del tema a tratar.
Educational Simulation Play as a Transcultural Approach to Resilience and Reconciliation
Authors: Franzenburg Geert 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Educational simulation plays facilitate real experiences in a safe environment and, therefore, are appropriate for gaining a better sense of the dynamic relationships at work in complex environments, for exploring good fits and practical solutions, and for understanding how mistakes occur, mainly when plays, built upon an explicit or implicit model of reality, engage multiple participants and reproduce some of the political, coordination, communication, and coalition-building challenges that often accompany peace and stabilization operations that exist in the real world. Thus, they become an exercise in social science theorizing and a research tool to examine the implications of hypothesized relationships and conflict dynamics in a variety of forms (abstract plays or role-playing activities). By emphasizing needs, interpretations, stereotypes and resources of all participants, simulation plays facilitate strategies for resilience and reconciliation.