bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bristol Cable: A Local Hybrid Organisation
Authors: Konow-Lund Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInvestigative journalism has long been described as ‘in decline’ thanks to aspects such as layoffs and faltering business models (Carson, 2020; Konieczna, 2018), and local journalism has faced similar financial difficulties as well as downsizing in its newsrooms (Franklin, 2013; Williams et al., 2015). The consequences for journalistic practice of the media industry’s prioritising of economic efficiency have been obvious as well—for one thing, individual reporters’ workloads have increased significantly, with a corresponding decline in the quality of the news. The watchdog function of local newsrooms—that is, their ‘democracy-enabling role’ of holding the powerful to account (Williams et al., 2015, p. 204)—has been undermined as well. The present study addresses the fact that, despite the persistence of what Rachel Howells (2015) calls ‘black holes’ in local news coverage, some of the most interesting entrepreneurial actors in UK investigative journalism have chosen the local market in which to establish themselves, including the two cases discussed below, Bristol Cable and the Bureau Local (our next chapter). Although we would argue that such recent start-ups remain under-investigated, some studies do exist (Konow-Lund, 2019, 2020, Birnbauer, 2019; Colbran, 2022; Konieczna, 2018; Price, 2017). Colbran, for example, focuses on ‘how the non-profits are challenging journalistic “norms” and expanding the Fourth Estate role of the investigative journalist’ (Colbran, 2022, p. 115). Here, we are interested in how these actors respond to their local contexts and construct their production practices in hybrid and innovative ways in relation to organisational structure as well as technology. Hybridisation is here understood as the blending of traditional practices with new methods within journalism, or, as Chadwick writes, what happens when ‘older and newer media logics in the field of media and politics blend, overlap, intermesh, and coevolve’ (2013, p. 4).
Youth Entrepreneur Ecosystem
Authors: van der Westhuizen Thea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChapter 2 established that the mind uses various brain processes when thinking, feeling, and choosing responses to life experiences. Youth entrepreneurs gain said life experiences through being and interacting within ecosystems. This chapter, therefore, proposes the establishment of an ecosystem to promote youth entrepreneurship. This proposed theoretical ecosystem model has been practically created and applied to youth entrepreneurs as a means to test their entrepreneurial mindset and discover the enablers and barriers that youth entrepreneurs come into contact within relation to their ecosystems.
Analytical estimation of the signal to noise ratio efficiency in axion dark matter searches using a Savitzky-Golay filter
Authors: Yi A. K. , Ahn S. , Ko B. R. , Semertzidis Y. K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The signal to noise ratio efficiency ϵSNR in axion dark matter searches has been estimated using large-statistic simulation data reflecting the background information and the expected axion signal power obtained from a real experiment. This usually requires a lot of computing time even with the assistance of powerful computing resources. Employing a Savitzky-Golay filter for background subtraction, in this work, we estimated a fully analytical ϵSNR without relying on large-statistic simulation data, but only with an arbitrary axion mass and the relevant signal shape information. Hence, our work can provide ϵSNR using minimal computing time and resources prior to the acquisition of experimental data, without the detailed information that has to be obtained from real experiments. Axion haloscope searches have been observing the coincidence that the frequency independent scale factor ξ is approximately consistent with the ϵSNR. This was confirmed analytically in this work, when the window length of the Savitzky-Golay filter is reasonably wide enough, i.e., at least 5 times the signal window.
BK channels sustain neuronal Ca2+ oscillations to support hippocampal long-term potentiation and memory formation
Authors: Pham Thomas , Hussein Tamara , Calis Dila , Bischof Helmut , Skrabak David , Cruz Santos Melanie , Maier Selina , Spähn David , Kalina Daniel , Simonsig Stefanie , Ehinger Rebekka , Groschup Bernhard , Knipper Marlies , Plesnila Nikolaus , Ruth Peter , Lukowski Robert , Matt Lucas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMutations of large conductance Ca2+- and voltage-activated K+ channels (BK) are associated with cognitive impairment. Here we report that CA1 pyramidal neuron-specific conditional BK knock-out (cKO) mice display normal locomotor and anxiety behavior. They do, however, exhibit impaired memory acquisition and retrieval in the Morris Water Maze (MWM) when compared to littermate controls (CTRL). In line with cognitive impairment in vivo, electrical and chemical long-term potentiation (LTP) in cKO brain slices were impaired in vitro. We further used a genetically encoded fluorescent K+ biosensor and a Ca2+-sensitive probe to observe cultured hippocampal neurons during chemical LTP (cLTP) induction. cLTP massively reduced intracellular K+ concentration ([K+]i) while elevating L-Type Ca2+ channel- and NMDA receptor-dependent Ca2+ oscillation frequencies. Both, [K+]i decrease and Ca2+ oscillation frequency increase were absent after pharmacological BK inhibition or in cells lacking BK. Our data suggest that L-Type- and NMDAR-dependent BK-mediated K+ outflow significantly contributes to hippocampal LTP, as well as learning and memory.
A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing suprapatellar versus infrapatellar approach intramedullary nailing for tibal shaft fractures
Authors: Wang Zhongqing , Xiong Xianmei , Lu Zesheng , Gao Yijia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The application of the suprapatellar (SP) approach has challenged the traditional infrapatellar (IP) approach in the surgery treatment of tibial shaft fractures, yet the advantages and disadvantages still remain controversial. We included more high-quality studies for this meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognosis of both approaches and thus to provide new ideas for surgeons.

Method
We searched literatures from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases from January 2000 to December 2022. We extracted general information including sample size, gender, proportion of open fracture, follow-up time, and outcome indicators including entrance accuracy, fluoroscopy time, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, Lysholm score, VAS pain score, range of motion (ROM) function score, reposition accuracy, and revision cases. Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale were used to evaluate literature qualities. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results
A total of 23 studies were generated that qualified for inclusion, 17 of which were used for meta-analysis. This study found statistically significant differences in coronal plane entrance accuracy, fluoroscopy time, Lysholm score, and VAS pain score.

Conclusion
The results of our meta-analysis showed that the SP approach was significantly better than the IP approach in angle and distance entrance accuracy of coronal plane, angle entrance accuracy of sagittal plane, fluoroscopy time, Lysholm score, and VAS pain score. There were no significant differences in sagittal angle accuracy, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and ROM score.
Evaluation of distribution of emerging mycotoxins in human tissues: applications of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors: Castell Ana , Arroyo-Manzanares Natalia , Palma-Manrique Rosa , Campillo Natalia , Torres Carmen , Fenoll José , Viñas Pilar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, a complete study of the distribution of emerging mycotoxins in the human body has been carried out. Specifically, the presence of enniatins (A, A1, B, B1) and beauvericin has been monitored in brain, lung, kidney, fat, liver, and heart samples. A unique methodology based on solid–liquid extraction (SLE) followed by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) was proposed for the six different matrices. Mycotoxin isolation was performed by adding ultrapure water, acetonitrile, and sodium chloride to the tissue sample for SLE, while the DLLME step was performed using chloroform as extraction solvent. Subsequently, the analysis was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). The proposed method allowed limits of quantification (LOQs) to be obtained in a range of 0.001–0.150 ng g−1, depending on the tissue and mycotoxin. The precision was investigated intraday and interday, not exceeding of 9.8% of relative standard deviation. In addition, trueness studies achieved 75 to 115% at a mycotoxin concentration of 25 ng g−1 and from 82 to 118% at 5 ng g−1. The application of this methodology to 26 forensic autopsies demonstrated the bioaccumulation of emerging mycotoxins in the human body since all mycotoxins were detected in tissues. Enniatin B (ENNB) showed a high occurrence, being detected in 100% of liver (7 ± 13 ng g−1) and fat samples (0.2 ± 0.8 ng g−1). The lung had a high incidence of all emerging mycotoxins at low concentrations, while ENNB, ENNB1, and ENNA1 were not quantifiable in heart samples. Co-occurrence of mycotoxins was also investigated, and statistical tests were applied to evaluate the distribution of these mycotoxins in the human body.
Graphical Abstract
Measuring digital stress in the workplace context
Authors: Riedl René , Fischer Thomas , Reuter Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigital stress is a form of stress caused by the use and ubiquity of digital technologies. More and more scientists and practitioners are interested in the phenomenon of digital stress, its causes (e.g., constant smartphone accessibility, unreliable and unstable systems, information overload), and its consequences (e.g., negative health effects, dissatisfaction, or reduced performance and productivity). In an article published in Frontiers in Psychology (12:607598), we introduced the English version of the Digital Stressors Scale (DSS). This is a psychometrically evaluated self-report questionnaire for measuring digital stress in the workplace. In the current paper, we present a short version of this original questionnaire. The original questionnaire consists of 50 questions (items), whereas the short version presented here contains 30 questions. In accordance with the original questionnaire, the entire digital stress experienced by an individual in the workplace is based on 10 stress categories, with each category being assessed with three questions in the short version. Academics can use the questionnaire to quantify digital stress and its 10 dimensions for reliable and valid measurement within the context of scientific research. Practitioners benefit from using this assessment tool to measure the digital stress perceived by employees in the organizational environment. This is a precondition for implementing effective coping strategies.
Digital image analysis and artificial intelligence in pathology diagnostics—the Swiss view
Authors: Berezowska Sabina , Cathomas Gieri , Grobholz Rainer , Henkel Maurice , Jochum Wolfram , Koelzer Viktor H. , Kreutzfeldt Mario , Mertz Kirsten D. , Rössle Matthias , Soldini Davide , Zlobec Inti , Janowczyk Andrew 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigital pathology (DP) is increasingly entering routine clinical pathology diagnostics. As digitization of the routine caseload advances, implementation of digital image analysis algorithms and artificial intelligence tools becomes not only attainable, but also desirable in daily sign out. The Swiss Digital Pathology Consortium (SDiPath) has initiated a Delphi process to generate best-practice recommendations for various phases of the process of digitization in pathology for the local Swiss environment, encompassing the following four topics: i) scanners, quality assurance, and validation of scans; ii) integration of scanners and systems into the pathology laboratory information system; iii) the digital workflow; and iv) digital image analysis (DIA)/artificial intelligence (AI). The current article focuses on the DIA-/AI-related recommendations generated and agreed upon by the working group and further verified by the Delphi process among the members of SDiPath. Importantly, they include the view and the currently perceived needs of practicing pathologists from multiple academic and cantonal hospitals as well as private practices.
Plants from distant places: the 1st millennium ce archaeobotanical record from Iberia
Authors: Peña-Chocarro Leonor , Pérez-Jordà Guillem 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe 1st millennium ce in the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a continuous exchange of people, goods, food, technology, etc. which led to the transformation of agriculture and the introduction of new crops there. This paper presents the archaeobotanical evidence of the plants that were introduced there during the Roman and medieval periods. Cereals such as Secale cereale (rye), Pennisetum glaucum (pearl millet) and Oryza sativa (rice) appeared for the first time in the archaeological record together with new fruit taxa, Prunus persica (peach), Morus nigra (black mulberry), Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Cydonia oblonga (quince), Mespilus germanica (medlar) and Citrus species, enriching the diet of the Iberian people. There were also fibre plants such as Cannabis sativa (hemp) that are now first recorded. The paper provides the first records of these taxa while awaiting further research that can offer more detailed information on whether some of them may also have been present in earlier periods.
Risk factors for in-hospital mortality after emergency colorectal surgery in octogenarians: results of a cohort study from a referral center
Authors: Mathis Guillaume , Lapergola Alfonso , Alexandre Florent , Philouze Guillaume , Mutter Didier , D’Urso Antonio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to investigate predictive factors of mortality in emergency colorectal surgery in octogenarian patients.

Methods
It is a retrospective cohort study conducted at a single-institution tertiary referral center. Consecutive patients who underwent emergency colorectal surgery between January 2015 and January 2020 were identified. The primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a logistic regression model.

Results
A total of 111 patients were identified (43 men, 68 women). Mean age was 85.7 ± 3.7 years (80–96). Main diagnoses included complicated sigmoiditis in 38 patients (34.3%), cancer in 35 patients (31.5%), and ischemic colitis in 31 patients (27.9%). An ASA score of 3 or higher was observed in 88.3% of patients. The mean Charlson score was 5.9. The Possum score was 35.9% for mortality and 79.3% for morbidity. The 30-day mortality rate was 25.2%. Univariate analysis of preoperative risk factors for mortality shows that the history of valvular heart disease (p = 0.008), intensive care unit provenance (p = 0.003), preoperative sepsis (p < 0.001), diagnosis of ischemic colitis (p = 0.012), creatinine (p = 0.006) and lactate levels (p = 0.01) were significantly associated with 30-day mortality, and patients coming from home had a lower 30-day mortality rate (p = 0.018). Intraoperative variables associated with 30-day mortality included ileostomy creation (p = 0.022) and temporary laparostomy (p = 0.004). At multivariate analysis, only lactate (p = 0.032) and creatinine levels (p = 0.027) were found to be independent predictors of 30-day mortality, home provenance was an independent protective factor (p = 0.004). Mean follow-up was 3.4 years. Survival at 1 and 3 years was 57.6 and 47.7%.

Conclusion
Emergency colorectal surgery is challenging. However, age should not be a contraindication. The 30-day mortality rate (25.2%) is one of the lowest in the literature. Hyperlactatemia (> 2mmol/L) and creatinine levels appear to be independent predictors of mortality.
Digitales Notfallmanagement im Netzwerk der Akut- und Notfallversorgung. Eckpunktepapier des Expertenrats des ZTM
Authors: Eder Patrick Andreas , Soda Hassan , Kumle Bernhard , Dodt Christoph , Dormann Harald , Popp Erik , Flasch Bernhard , Müller Michael Patrick , Böhmer Matthias , Kerber Sebastian , Barth Sebastian , Krämer Rainer , Kraus Martin , Purrucker Jan C. , Oberhoff Martin , Hans Felix P. , Stäblein Heiko , Brammen Dominik , Gilmore Scott , Deneke Thomas , Wehler Markus , Rashid Asarnusch ,   Fachexperten des Expertenrats des ZTM, Barth S. , Böhmer M. , Brammen D. , Deneke T. , Dodt C. , Dormann H. , Eder P. A. , Flasch B. , Gilmore S. , Hans F. P. , Kerber S. , Krämer R. , Kraus M. , Kumle B. , Müller M. P. , Oberhoff M. , Popp E. , Purrucker J. C. , Rashid A. , Soda H. , Stäblein H. , Wehler M. 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungZiel des digitalen Notfallmanagements ist, dass alle Akteure der Rettungskette sich bei einem Notfalleinsatz elektronisch miteinander austauschen und auf alle Informationen, die für die optimale Versorgung der Patientin relevant sind, zugreifen und miteinander kommunizieren können. Für den Einsatz der Digitalisierung im Notfallmanagement existieren mittlerweile zahlreiche Konzepte mit vielversprechenden Studienergebnissen und Implementierungserfahrungen, die in einer (über)regionalen Behandlungsstrategie mit einem kontinuierlichen Verbesserungsprozess mit Nachdruck zu verstetigen sind. Unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung der Rettungskette hat der Expertenrat des Zentrums für Telemedizin Bad Kissingen (ZTM) wesentliche Inhalte und Kernfunktionen des digitalen Notfallmanagements definiert.
Impacts of climate change on semi-natural alpine pastures productivity and floristic composition
Authors: Movedi Ermes , Bocchi Stefano , Paleari Livia , Vesely Fosco M. , Vagge Ilda , Confalonieri Roberto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClimate change impact on pasture floristic composition needs to be carefully assessed, given its key role for the resilience of pastoral systems and related ecosystem services. Nevertheless, variations in floristic composition are rarely taken into account in climate change impact studies. Here, we used the plant community model CoSMo to simulate future dynamics of biomass accumulation and floristic composition for high-altitude semi-natural alpine pastures. Dedicated multi-site field activities were conducted to collect data for model calibration. Simulations were run for four 20-year climate scenarios centered on 2040, resulting from the combination of two general circulation models (GISS-ES and HadGEM2) and two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Results highlighted the capability of CoSMo to successfully reproduce the productivity and floristic composition of semi-natural pastures, modeling efficiency and R2 being higher than 0.90 for aboveground biomass accumulation and relative abundance of species. CoSMo simulated an overall positive effect of increasing temperatures on pasture productivity (+ 10.7% on average), due to higher biomass accumulation rates and longer growing seasons. However, these benefits were highly heterogeneous among the monitored pastures (ranging from − 2.5 to + 16.2%), because of differences in floristic composition and in species-specific thermal requirements that led to complex, non-linear reactions to climate variations. A negative impact of climate change was simulated for grazing value (− 11.1% on average), due to the higher suitability to future conditions of Nardus stricta, which has low grazing value compared to other species. Our results highlight that floristic composition should be explicitly considered while assessing climate change impacts on semi-natural pasture productivity and connected ecosystem services.
A novel complementary pathway of cordycepin biosynthesis in Cordyceps militaris
Authors: Zhang Hucheng , Yang Jun , Luo Shuai , Liu Linying , Yang Guowei , Gao Bo , Fan Haitao , Deng Lina , Yang Ming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe determined whether there exists a complementary pathway of cordycepin biosynthesis in wild-type Cordyceps militaris, high-cordycepin-producing strain C. militaris GYS60, and low-cordycepin-producing strain C. militaris GYS80. Differentially expressed genes were identified from the transcriptomes of the three strains. Compared with C. militaris, in GYS60 and GYS80, we identified 145 and 470 upregulated and 96 and 594 downregulated genes. Compared with GYS80, in GYS60, we identified 306 upregulated and 207 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that upregulated genes were mostly involved in detoxification, antioxidant, and molecular transducer in GYS60. By Clusters of Orthologous Groups of Proteins and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses, eight genes were significantly upregulated: five genes related to purine metabolism, one to ATP production, one to secondary metabolite transport, and one to RNA degradation. In GYS60, cordycepin was significantly increased by upregulation of ATP production, which promoted 3′,5′-cyclic AMP production. Cyclic AMP accelerated 3′-AMP accumulation, and cordycepin continued to be synthesized and exported. We verified the novel complementary pathway by adding the precursor adenosine and analyzing the expression of four key genes involved in the main pathway of cordycepin biosynthesis. Adenosine addition increased cordycepin production by 51.2% and 10.1%, respectively, in C. militaris and GYS60. Four genes in the main pathway in GYS60 were not upregulated.
Reevaluating age restrictions of spinal metastasis surgery in elderly groups with over 2-year follow-up
Authors: Lenga Pavlina , Dao Trong Philip , Papakonstantinou Vassilios , Kiening Karl , Unterberg Andreas W. , Ishak Basem 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to compare and assess clinical outcomes of spinal metastasis with epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) in patients aged 65–79 years and ≥ 80 years with an acute onset of neurological illness who underwent laminectomy. A second goal was to determine morbidity rates and potential risk factors for mortality. This retrospective review of electronic medical records at a single institution was conducted between September 2005 and December 2020. Data on patient demographics, surgical characteristics, complications, hospital clinical course, and 90-day mortality were also collected. Comorbidities were assessed using the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). A total of 99 patients with an overall mean age of 76.2 ± 3.4 years diagnosed with MESCC within a 16-year period, of which 65 patients aged 65–79 years and 34 patients aged 80 years and older were enrolled in the study. Patients aged 80 and over had higher age-adjusted CCI (9.2 ± 2.1) compared to those aged 65–79 (5.1 ± 1.6; p < 0.001). Prostate cancer was the primary cause of spinal metastasis. Significant neurological and functional decline was more pronounced in the older group, evidenced by Karnofsky Performance Index (KPI) scores (80+ years: 47.8% ± 19.5; 65–79 years: 69.0% ± 23.9; p < 0.001). Despite requiring shorter decompression duration (148.8 ± 62.5 min vs. 199.4 ± 78.9 min; p = 0.004), the older group had more spinal levels needing decompression. Median survival time was 14.1 ± 4.3 months. Mortality risk factors included deteriorating functional status and comorbidities, but not motor weakness, surgical duration, extension of surgery, hospital or ICU stay, or complications. Overcoming age barriers in elderly surgical treatment in MSCC patients can reduce procedural delays and has the potential to significantly improve patient functionality. It emphasizes that age should not be a deterrent for spine surgery when medically necessary, although older MESCC patients may have reduced survival.