bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and genetic screening in a large Iranian family with Marfan syndrome: A case study
Authors: Vafaeie Farzane , Miri Karam Zahra , Yari Abolfazl , Safarpour Hossein , Kazemi Tooba , Etesam Shokoofeh , Mohammadpour Mojtaba , Miri‐Moghaddam Ebrahim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsMarfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants of the fibrillin‐1‐encoding FBN1 gene that commonly affects the cardiovascular, skeletal, and ocular systems. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and genetic causes of the MFS phenotype in a large Iranian family.MethodsSeventeen affected family members were examined clinically by cardiologists and ophthalmologists. The proband, a 48‐year‐old woman with obvious signs of MFS, her DNA sample subjected to whole‐exome sequencing (WES). The candidate variant was validated by bidirectional sequencing of proband and other available family members. In silico analysis and molecular modeling were conducted to determine the pathogenic effects of the candidate variants.ResultsThe most frequent cardiac complications are mitral valve prolapse and regurgitation. Ophthalmic examination revealed iridodonesis and ectopic lentis. A heterozygous missense variant (c.2179T>C/p.C727R) in exon 19 of FBN1 gene was identified and found to cosegregate with affected family members. Its pathogenicity has been predicted using several in silico predictive algorithms. Molecular docking analysis indicated that the variant might affect the binding affinity between FBN1 and LTBP1 proteins by impairing disulfide bond formation.ConclusionOur report expands the spectrum of the Marfan phenotype by providing details of its clinical manifestations and disease‐associated molecular changes. It also highlights the value of WES in genetic diagnosis and contributes to genetic counseling in families with MFS.
Cluster‐associate viscosity model of tin chloride in comparison with the Frenkel model
Authors: Bekbayeva Lazzat , Makasheva Astra , Malyshev Vitaliy , Naboko Yelena , Sarkenov Berik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDetermining the viscosity of inorganic molten compounds like tin chloride is critically important for material processing, chemical synthesis, and energy applications. However, experimental limitations have restricted the development of accurate viscosity models. This study tests a new cluster‐associate model for predicting the viscosity of molten tin chloride across a wide temperature range. The model links viscosity to the structure and dynamics of molecular clusters in the melt. The aim of this study is to establish a correlation between viscosity and cluster formation within a liquid, using tin chloride as an example. The data were calculated using a newly developed equation based on the concept of randomized particles. The temperature range studied was from the melting point to the boiling point. To verify the accuracy of the cluster‐associate model, it was compared with the Frenkel equation using logarithmic coordinates. Simulations were performed on tin chloride, which yielded results showing a linear relationship between the degree of cluster association and the activation energy of fluidity. The proportionality coefficient reflects the activation energy associated with a single cluster. The Frenkel equation in the logarithmic coordinate scale was compared with the cluster‐associate model. The functional dependence and correspondence of these models are indicated by their high coefficient mutual correlation. The proposed viscosity model underwent testing for the entire liquid state range of the substance, and calculations confirmed its validity. This enables reliable use of the suggested model for both high‐ and low‐temperature extrapolation, including the critical point region.
Comparison of Specialized and Standard Enteral Formulas in Trauma Patients
Authors: Brown Rex O. , Hunt Heather , Mowatt‐Larssen Christine A. , Wojtysiak Stacey L. , Henningfield Mary F. , Kudsk Kenneth A. 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To compare selected nutrition and immunologic markers and infection in trauma patients receiving a specialized enteral formula with those receiving standard enteral therapy.Design. Prospective, randomized clinical trial.Setting. Level 1 trauma center at a county government hospital.Patients. Forty‐one consecutive patients with major trauma who required enteral nutrition support. Thirty‐seven patients completed the study. Four patients (two in each group) were excluded, as additional operative procedures prevented initiation of enteral feedings within 7 days of injury.Interventions. Nineteen patients fed the specialized enteral formula received supplemental arginine, linolenic acid, β‐carotene, and hydrolyzed protein for up to 10 days. Eighteen control patients received standard enteral nutrition.Measurements and Main Results. After study entry, patients who received the specialized enteral formula had fewer infections than those receiving standard enteral nutrition (3/19 vs 10/18; p<0.05). The change in nitrogen balance was significantly better (p<0.05) from day 1 (−11.8 ± 1.8 g/day) to day 5 (−5.9 ± 2.0 g/day) for the group who received the specialized formula compared with the group who received standard enteral nutrition (‐7.3 ± 1.7 g/day to −7.4 ± 2.8 g/day). Similarly, the change in C‐reactive protein serum concentration was significantly better (p<0.05) from day 1 (18.0 ± 2.1 mg/dl) to day 5 (11.8 ± 1.5 mg/dl) in the group who received the specialized formula compared with the group who received standard enteral nutrition (17.6 ± 1.2 mg/dl to 14.4 ± 1.7 mg/dl). The CD4:CD8 ratio increased more in the group who received the specialized formula, although this difference did not reach statistical significance.Conclusion. Trauma patients who received the specialized enteral formula demonstrated a decreased incidence of infection and increased improvements in nitrogen balance and other indexes of stress. Additional clinical trials demonstrating positive patient outcomes are necessary before these specialized enteral formulas are used as the standard of practice in critically ill patients.
A Pilot Project to Assess the Association of Anticholinergic Symptoms With Anticholinergic Serum Levels in the Elderly
Authors: Remillard Alfred J. 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To evaluate whether serum anticholinergic drug activity would be a useful clinical tool in helping to predict anticholinergic toxicity.Design. A prospective study that included a retrospective chart review.Setting. Two nursing home facilities.Subjects. Thirty‐one elderly volunteers between ages 69 and 98 years.Intervention. Each subject completed a two‐part interview. First, anticholinergic symptoms were evaluated and then cognitive function was assessed by three neuropsychiatric tests. Blood (10 ml) was collected to measure anticholinergic activity.Measurements and Main Results. Eight subjects had detectable serum anticholinergic activity and scored higher on the Symbol Digit Modalities test than those with no detectable activity. No statistical difference was seen between the groups with respect to symptoms or results of the Mini‐Mental and Auditory‐Verbal Learning tests.Conclusion. The clinical usefulness of serum anticholinergic activity as a predictor for anticholinergic toxicity was not established under the experimental design of this study.
Circ_0001982 aggravates breast cancer development through the circ_0001982‐miR‐144‐3p‐GSE1 axis
Authors: Gao Fei , Han Jianjun , Jia Li , He Jun , Wang Yun , Chen Mi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study was designed to explore the role of circ_0001982 in breast cancer (BC) development. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis assays were used to determine circ_0001982, miR‐144‐3p, and gse1 coiled‐coil protein (GSE1) expression. Functional assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. The glycolysis was analyzed with commercial kits. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to analyze the relationships among circ_0001982, miR‐144‐3p, and GSE1. A murine xenograft model assay was performed to determine circ_0001982‐induced effects on BC cell tumor properties in vivo. Circ_0001982 expression was upregulated, but miR‐144‐3p was reduced in BC tissues and cells in comparison with normal breast tissues and normal human mammary epithelial cells. Circ_0001982 knockdown or miR‐144‐3p overexpression inhibited BC cell proliferation, glycolysis, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis. Circ_0001982 sponged miR‐144‐3p and negatively regulated miR‐144‐3p expression in BC cells. In addition, GSE1 was identified as a target mRNA of miR‐144‐3p. Ectopic GSE1 expression relieved circ_0001982 depletion‐induced effects on BC cell tumor properties. Furthermore, circ_0001982 absence suppressed BC cell tumor properties in vivo. Circ_0001982 contributed to the BC cell tumor properties by regulating the miR‐144‐3p‐GSE1 axis.
Is the road to burnout paved with perfectionism? The prevalence of obsessive‐compulsive personality disorder in a clinical longitudinal sample of female patients with stress‐related exhaustion
Authors: Reinhardt P. , Ellbin S. , Carlander A. , Hadzibajramovic E. , Jonsdottir Ingibjörg H. , Lindqvist Bagge A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesFew studies have investigated the relationship between stress‐related mental health problems and obsessive‐compulsive personality disorder (OCPD). Similarly, little research has focused on the moderating effect of OCPD on recovery in clinical patients with stress‐related mental health problems. The general aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of OCPD and the associations between OCPD and level of burnout, anxiety, and depression symptoms, during a 7‐years follow‐up in a clinical longitudinal sample of female patients with stress‐related exhaustion.MethodThe included patients (n = 84) were referred to a specialist outpatient clinic for patients with stress‐related exhaustion between 2006 and 2011. Data was collected at the initial examination and during a 7‐year treatment follow‐up.ResultsOCPD was the most common personality disorder in the present clinical sample, with 40% of patients fulfilling the criteria. There was a significant association between OCPD and the degree of burnout symptoms as well as the degree of depression, both at baseline and during the 7‐year follow‐up. No significant association between OCPD and levels of anxiety was observed.ConclusionThe results support the hypothesis that there might be an association between OCPD and stress‐related exhaustion, including preservation of symptoms over time. OCPD and its related traits, such as perfectionism, may be important factors to consider when constructing effective treatment and rehabilitation plans for these patients.
Knowledge and attitude of dental students regarding etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of peri‐implantitis
Authors: Madi Marwa , Tabassum Afsheen , Attia Dina , Al Muhaish Luba , Al Mutiri Hadeel , Alshehri Turki , Zakaria Osama , Aljandan Badr 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of dental students about the etiology, diagnosis, and management of peri‐implantitis.MethodsAn online cross‐sectional study that targeted senior undergraduate dental students at the College of Dentistry was conducted. A closed‐ended survey consisting of 28 questions was designed. Three sections were created: 1) participants' characteristics; 2) Knowledge of peri‐implantitis etiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and complications; 3) The use of antibiotics in peri‐implantitis, diagnosis, and treatment methods. SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp.) was used for data analysis. Counts and percentages were calculated for correct answers in each section.ResultsA total of 267 dental students responded to the questionnaire. The majority of the participants (81.6%) were knowledgeable about peri‐implantitis being an inflammatory reaction, and a lesser percentage (77.9%) knew that bacterial plaque is an etiologic factor for peri‐implant diseases. 82.0% of the participants identified smoking as a risk factor, followed by periodontitis (80.5%). Regarding implant complications, 57.3% of the participants considered implant mobility as a definitive indication for implant removal. More than half of the participants reported using crater‐like bone defects surrounding implants to diagnose peri‐implantitis. The most commonly used antibiotic was amoxicillin (34.1%), followed by amoxicillin combined with metronidazole (26.9%).ConclusionMost participants had a basic understanding of the etiology and risk factors of peri‐implantitis. On the other hand, more courses addressing peri‐implantitis diagnosis are needed.
Preparation of glucoamylase microcapsule beads and application in solid‐state fermentation
Authors: Zong Xuyan , Luo Wenli , Wen Lei , Shao Shujuan , Li Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDBaijiu brewing adopts the solid‐state fermentation method, using starchy raw materials, Jiuqu as saccharifying fermenting agent, and distilled spirits made by digestion, saccharification, fermentation and distillation. In the late stages of solid‐state fermentation of Baijiu, the reduced activity of glucoamylase leads to higher residual starch content in the Jiupei, which affects the liquor yield. The direct addition of exogenous glucoamylase leads to problems such as the temperature of the fermentation environment rising too quickly, seriously affecting the growth of microorganisms.RESULTSTo solve the problem of reduced activity of glucoamylase in the late stage of solid‐state fermentation of Baijiu, microcapsule beads (M‐B) based on microcapsule emulsion were prepared and the effect of M‐B on solid‐state fermentation of Baijiu was investigated. The results showed that the release of M‐B before and after drying was 53.27% and 25.77% in the liquid state (120 h) and 29.84% and 22.62% in the solid state (15 days), respectively. Adding M‐B improved the alcohol by 0.33 %vol and reducing sugar content by 0.51%, reduced the residual starch content by 1.21% of the Jiupei, and had an insignificant effect on the moisture and acidity of the Jiupei.CONCLUSIONM‐B have excellent sustained‐release properties. The addition of M‐B in solid‐state fermentation significantly increased the alcohol content, reduced the residual starch content of Jiupei, ultimately improving the starch utilization rate and liquor yield of Baijiu brewing. The preparation of M‐B provides methods and approaches for applying other active substances and microorganisms in the brewing of Baijiu. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Multiple topical product dermatitis: Paradigms in understanding and future perspectives
Authors: Mangion Sean E. , Mikkonen Antti , Mackenzie Lorraine , Roberts Michael S. , Maibach Howard I. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIt is common for people to be exposed to multiple topical products daily, either through cosmetics, personal care or drug formulations. This increases the possibility of contact dermatitis and poses a major challenge for treatment as well as the design and regulation of safe and effective topical products. Here, we define the scope of the problem of multiple topical product dermatitis and highlight a strategy for differential diagnosis. The tools currently available for prediction of skin reactions are also discussed along with further work required to improve our ability to (1) identify irritant or sensitising agents and (2) prevent dermatitis occurrence.
Evaluation of the quality of thyroidectomy‐related posts on a video‐based social media platform
Authors: Kim Yun J. , Lin Matthew , Davis Ryan J. , Ayo‐Ajibola Oluwatobiloba , Kwon Daniel , Hur Kevin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the quality of thyroidectomy‐related posts on TikTok, the fastest‐growing social media platform worldwide.MethodsVideos posted from April 2020 to September 2022 were queried on TikTok using the search terms “thyroidsurgery,” “thyroidectomy,” and “thyroidremoval.” Two reviewers recorded thematic, demographic, and performance data of these posts. The DISCERN instrument was used to evaluate the quality and reliability of the information contained in the videos. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize post‐submitter demographics and video content. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between DISCERN scores and video characteristics. Univariate analysis of variance was performed to compare DISCERN scores between author types.ResultsIn this study, 228 TikTok videos were included which totaled over 23 million views. On average, each video accumulated more than 6000 “likes,” 300 comments, and 70 shares. The average total DISCERN score was 27.46, which is deemed to be of poor overall quality. Upon multiple linear regression, video duration (β = 4.66, p < .001) and educational subject type (β = 3.97, p < .001) significantly positively predicted aggregate DISCERN scores, while journey subject type (β = −3.19, p = .006), and reassurance subject type (β = −2.52, p = .035) significantly negatively predicted aggregate DISCERN scores. Aggregate DISCERN scores varied significantly (p < .05) between author types.ConclusionSocial media posts on TikTok about thyroidectomy are mostly of poor quality and reliability but vary by authorship, subject type, and video characteristics. Given its widespread popularity, TikTok videos may have an increasing role in shaping patient perception of thyroidectomy and may represent an opportunity to provide education.Lay summaryTikTok posts about thyroidectomy are mostly of poor quality but vary by authorship, subject, and video characteristics. Given its popularity, TikTok videos may have a role in shaping the patient perception of thyroidectomy and may represent an opportunity to provide education.Level of evidenceLevel 4.
Gut Microbiome (Bacteria, Fungi, and Viruses) and HIV Infection: Revealing Novel Treatment Strategies
Authors: Ma Jieqiong , Wen Shiyuan , Dong Aobo , Fan Weiping , Kang Yongbo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlenty of research on microbial–viral interactions has revealed that some commensal microorganisms in the gut, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, can resist or promote viral infection, whereas other microorganisms are involved in pathogenicity. Therefore, the balance between commensal microorganisms and human organisms is a key factor for determining infection and disease progression, and commensal microorganisms have become a hot research area in the medical field. In this review, the compositional characteristics of gut microbiota (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) during HIV infection are reviewed and changes in gut microbiota among different HIV‐infected populations are described. Furthermore, the latest progress of potential microbial therapeutic methods, including a) probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, b) fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), c) phage therapy, and d) antifungal strategy, microbial enzyme inhibition, and dietary therapeutics, is analyzed based on gut bacteria, fungi, and viruses in the field of HIV infection. This study aims to provide a useful reference for developing novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection based on commensal microorganisms.
Accelerating CEST imaging using a model‐based deep neural network with synthetic training data
Authors: Xu Jianping , Zu Tao , Hsu Yi‐Cheng , Wang Xiaoli , Chan Kannie W. Y. , Zhang Yi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop a model‐based deep neural network for high‐quality image reconstruction of undersampled multi‐coil CEST data.Theory and MethodsInspired by the variational network (VN), the CEST image reconstruction equation is unrolled into a deep neural network (CEST‐VN) with a k‐space data‐sharing block that takes advantage of the inherent redundancy in adjacent CEST frames and 3D spatial–frequential convolution kernels that exploit correlations in the x‐ω domain. Additionally, a new pipeline based on multiple‐pool Bloch–McConnell simulations is devised to synthesize multi‐coil CEST data from publicly available anatomical MRI data. The proposed network is trained on simulated data with a CEST‐specific loss function that jointly measures the structural and CEST contrast. The performance of CEST‐VN was evaluated on four healthy volunteers and five brain tumor patients using retrospectively or prospectively undersampled data with various acceleration factors, and then compared with other conventional and state‐of‐the‐art reconstruction methods.ResultsThe proposed CEST‐VN method generated high‐quality CEST source images and amide proton transfer‐weighted maps in healthy and brain tumor subjects, consistently outperforming GRAPPA, blind compressed sensing, and the original VN. With the acceleration factors increasing from 3 to 6, CEST‐VN with the same hyperparameters yielded similar and accurate reconstruction without apparent loss of details or increase of artifacts. The ablation studies confirmed the effectiveness of the CEST‐specific loss function and data‐sharing block used.ConclusionsThe proposed CEST‐VN method can offer high‐quality CEST source images and amide proton transfer‐weighted maps from highly undersampled multi‐coil data by integrating the deep learning prior and multi‐coil sensitivity encoding model.
Direct observation of NMR transverse relaxation in nanopatterned clusters of iron oxide particles
Authors: Bok Ilhan , Rauch Beth , Ashtiani Alireza , Hai Aviad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeWe aim to verify predictions showing T2 relaxation rate of nanoparticle clusters and its dependence on spacing, size, geometry, and pulse sequence.MethodsWe performed a laboratory validation study using nanopatterned arrays of iron oxide nanoparticles to precisely control cluster geometry and image diverse samples using a 4.7T MRI scanner with a T2‐weighted fast spin‐echo multislice sequence. We applied denoising and normalization to regions of interest and estimated relative R2 for each relevant nanoparticle array or nanocluster array. We determined significance using an unpaired two‐tailed t‐test or one‐way analysis of variance and performed curve fitting.ResultsWe measured a density‐dependent T2 effect (p = 8.9976 × 10−20, one‐way analysis of variance) and insignificant effect of cluster anisotropy (p = 0.5924, unpaired t‐test) on T2 relaxation. We found negative quadratic relationships (−0.0045[log τD]2–0.0655[log τD]−2.7800) for single nanoparticles of varying sizes and for clusters (−0.0045[log τD]2–0.0827[log τD]−2.3249) for diffusional correlation time τD = rp2/D. Clusters show positive quadratic relationships for large (3.8615 × 10−6 [dpp/rp]2–9.3853 × 10−5 [dpp/rp]−2.0393) and exponential relationships for small (−2.0050[dpp/rp]0.0010) clusters. Calculated R2 peak values also align well with in silico predictions (7.85 × 10−4 ms compared with 1.47 × 10−4, 4.23 × 10−4, and 5.02 × 10−4 ms for single iron oxide nanoparticles, 7.88 × 10−4 ms compared with 5.24 × 10−4 ms for nanoparticle clusters).ConclusionOur verification affirms longstanding in silico predictions and demonstrates aggregation‐dependent behavior in agreement with previous Monte Carlo simulation studies.