bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities in the treatment of movement disorders using deep brain stimulation
Authors: Venkatraman Vishal , Futch Brittany G. , Bode Padron Kevin J. , Yang Lexie Z. , Lee Hui-Jie , Seas Andreas , Parente Beth , Shofty Ben , Lad Shivanand P. , Williamson Theresa L. , Rahimpour Shervin 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). Although the prevalence of PD and ET can vary by sex and race, little is known about the accessibility of neurosurgical treatments for these conditions. In this nationwide study, the authors aimed to characterize trends in the use of DBS for the treatment of PD and ET and to identify disparities in the neurosurgical treatment of these diseases based on ethnic, racial, sex, insurance, income, hospital, and geographic factors.

METHODS
Using the dates January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019, the authors queried the National Inpatient Sample database for all discharges with an ICD-9 or ICD-10 diagnosis of PD or ET. Among these discharges, the DBS rates were reported for each subgroup of race, ethnicity, and sex. To develop national estimates, all analyses were weighted.

RESULTS
Among 2,517,639 discharges with PD, 29,820 (1.2%) received DBS, and among 652,935 discharges with ET, 11,885 (1.8%) received DBS. Amid the PD cases, Black patients (n = 405 [0.2%], OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.12–0.20) were less likely than White patients (n = 23,975 [1.2%]) to receive DBS treatment, as were Hispanic patients (n = 1965 [1.1%], OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.65–0.88), whereas Asian/Pacific Islander patients (n = 855 [1.5%]) did not statistically differ from White patients. Amid the ET cases, Black (n = 230 [0.8%], OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.27–0.56), Hispanic (n = 215 [1.0%], OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.28–0.55), and Asian/Pacific Islander (n = 55 [1.0%], OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28–0.93) patients were less likely than White patients (n = 10,440 [1.9%]) to receive DBS. Females were less likely than males to receive DBS for PD (OR 0.69, p < 0.0001) or ET (OR 0.70, p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
The authors describe significant racial and sex-based differences in the utilization of DBS for the treatment of PD and ET. Further research is required to ascertain the causes of these disparities, as well as any differences in access to specialty neurosurgical care and referral for neuromodulation approaches.
Patient and caregiver perceptions of Chiari malformation: a qualitative analysis of online discussion boards
Authors: Koller Gretchen M. , Kann Michael R. , Pugazenthi Sangami , Koneru Shriya , Bhavsar Sanjeevani , Strahle Jennifer M. 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE
Patients and their caregivers utilize online discussion board forums as a means to seek and exchange information about their or a loved one’s condition. It is important for providers to be aware of such concerns and experiences. The goal of this study was to identify the primary concerns expressed on these discussion boards regarding Chiari malformation type I (CM) and to help guide clinicians in understanding patient challenges in the treatment of CM.

METHODS
The authors performed thematic analysis of anonymous online discussion board posts as identified through internet search engines. They then adopted a previously developed grounded theory method that utilizes a three-tiered coding and grouping process of posts based on commonly discovered content themes.

RESULTS
Analysis of 400 discussion board posts identified four distinct themes raised by CM patients and their caregivers: the path to diagnosis, symptoms experienced, surgical intervention, and high emotional burden. Although each individual experience was unique, the path toward a CM diagnosis was expressed as a journey involving multiple physicians, alternative diagnoses, and feelings of dismissal from providers. The most common reported symptoms included dizziness, headaches, neck and back pain, sensory issues, weakness and paresthesias of the extremities, speech issues, and general fatigue. Additionally, there was an overall sense of uncertainty from patients seeking advice regarding surgical intervention, with users expressing diverse sentiments that included both positive and negative outcomes regarding surgical treatment. Lastly, a wide range of emotions was expressed related to a CM diagnosis, including concern, worry, anxiety, depression, stress, fear, and frustration.

CONCLUSIONS
CM is a frequent imaging diagnosis identified in patients presenting with a wide range of symptoms, and as a result this leads to a diverse set of patient experiences. Analysis of CM patient and caregiver discussion boards revealed key themes that clinicians may address when counseling for CM.
A comparison of computed tomography angiography and digital subtraction angiography for the diagnosis of penetrating cerebrovascular injury: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Meyer R. Michael , Grandhi Ramesh , Lim Do H. , Salah Walid K. , McAvoy Malia , Abecassis Zachary A. , Bonow Robert H. , Walker Melanie , Ghodke Basavaraj V. , Menacho Sarah T. , Durfy Sharon , Chesnut Randall M. , Kim Louis J. , Bell Randy S. , Levitt Michael R. 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE
In this research, the authors sought to characterize the incidence and extent of cerebrovascular lesions after penetrating brain injury in a civilian population and to compare the diagnostic value of head computed tomography angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in their diagnosis.

METHODS
This was a prospective multicenter cohort study of patients with penetrating brain injury due to any mechanism presenting at two academic medical centers over a 3-year period (May 2020 to May 2023). All patients underwent both CTA and DSA. The sensitivity and specificity of CTA was calculated, with DSA considered the gold standard. The number of DSA studies needed to identify a lesion requiring treatment that had not been identified on CTA was also calculated.

RESULTS
A total of 73 patients were included in the study, 33 of whom had at least 1 penetrating cerebrovascular injury, for an incidence of 45.2%. The injuries included 13 pseudoaneurysms, 11 major arterial occlusions, 9 dural venous sinus occlusions, 8 dural arteriovenous fistulas, and 6 carotid cavernous fistulas. The sensitivity of CTA was 36.4%, and the specificity was 85.0%. Overall, 5.6 DSA studies were needed to identify a lesion requiring treatment that had not been identified with CTA.

CONCLUSIONS
Cerebrovascular injury is common after penetrating brain injury, and CTA alone is insufficient to diagnosis these injuries. Patients with penetrating brain injuries should routinely undergo DSA.
Utilization of Chat GPT Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Student’s Learning Experience Gen-Z Class
Authors: Zulfikasari Sony , Sulistio Basuki , Aprilianasari Woro 
Published: February 2024

Technology presents data very quickly, if students do not get enough assistance from lecturers in analytical thinking, the students will present data without studying further or it will convince them that what is presented is justifiable. Lecturers need to understand the students' learning habit nowadays. The focus in this study is the usage of Chat GPT AI in Student Learning Experience in Gen-Z classroom. This study provides in-depth attention to educators, especially lecturers, so that they can adapt to Gen Z's learning experience tendencies and the latest developments in learning media to create the material. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative with questionnaires distributed to students. The respondent in this study is 392 Gen Z students chosen with purposive random sampling. The use of Chat GPT AI is familiar to Gen-Z students. Therefore, they should double-check the results of Chat GPT so as not to make misinformation and they provide a complete understanding. Lecturers as facilitators in the classroom must be more careful in reviewing the assignments collected by students, so that lecturers can measure precisely that the assignments are the same as the level of student understanding. In addition, the lecturers should notice that the information presented is correct.
Effectiveness of Electronic Teaching Materials Using the Value Clarification Technique Approach in Elementary Schools
Authors: Maryani Mila , Reinita Reinita 
Published: February 2024

The Indonesian government has taken professional competence, the ability to think creatively and learn new things, and fluency with modern forms of communication, information, and technology as its guiding principles. The Indonesian government has made information and technology proficiency a cornerstone of modern education. With the help of technical advancements in learning media, the area of education benefits from the use of technology that may facilitate the learning process. In primary schools, this research will use the Value Clarification Technique approach matrix model to find out how effective electronic teaching resources are for Pancasila Elements. The final output is a set of electronic teaching materials that have undergone rigorous validity testing by three different sets of specialists: material scientists, linguists, and media specialists. This study used a one-group Pretest-Posttest design, which is common in pre-experimental research. Thirteen women and twelve men made up the total of twenty-five participants in this research, which included both instructors and pupils. A test is the tool that this study use. Wilcoxon test and N-Gain value calculation are the data analysis techniques used. According to the study's findings, students in fourth grade at an elementary school that used electronic teaching materials based on the Value Clarification Technique approach matrix model learned more about Pancasila components.
The use of complex structure splines in roadway design
Authors: Struchenkov V. I. , Karpov D. A. 
Published: February 2024

Objectives. The aim of the work is to develop the theory of spline-approximation of a sequence of points on a plane for using compound splines with a complex structure. In contrast to a simple spline (e.g., polynomial), a compound spline contains repeating bundles of several elements. Such problems typically arise in the design of traces for railroads and highways. The plan (projection on the horizontal plane) of such a trace is a curve consisting of a repeating bundle of elements “line + clothoid + circle + clothoid ...,” which ensures continuity not only of curve and tangent but also of curvature. The number of spline elements, which is unknown, should be determined in the process of solving the design problem. An algorithm for solving the problem with respect to the spline, which consists of arcs conjugated by straight lines, was implemented and published in an earlier work. The approximating spline in the general case is a multivalued function, whose ordinates may be limited. Another significant factor that complicates the problem is the presence of clothoids that are not expressed analytically (in a formula). The algorithm for determining the number of elements of a spline with clothoids and constructing an initial approximation was also published earlier. The present work considers the next stage of solving the spline approximation problem: optimization using a nonlinear programming spline obtained at the first stage by means of the dynamic programming method.Methods. A new mathematical model in the form of a modified Lagrange function is used together with a special nonlinear programming algorithm to optimize spline parameters. In this case, it is possible to calculate the derivatives of the objective function by the spline parameters in the absence of its analytical expression through these parameters.Results. A mathematical model and algorithm for optimization of compound spline parameters comprising arcs of circles conjugated by clothoids and lines have been developed.Conclusions. The previously proposed two-step scheme for designing paths of linear structures is also suitable for the utilization of compound splines with clothoids.
Software-architectural configuration of the multifunctional audio digital signal processor module for signal mediatesting of audio devices
Authors: Gevorsky A. V. , Kostin M. S. , Boikov K. A. 
Published: February 2024

Objectives. The aim of this study is to develop and analyze parameters for a multifunctional audio module based on the ADAU1701 audio digital signal processor in the SigmaStudio environment. This will be used for testing audio devices in the following modes: routing of balanced and unbalanced audio channels according to the differential scheme Di-Box/R Di-Box; spatiotemporal and dynamic audio processing; three-band monochannel cross-separation with independent equalization; and correction of the frequency response of the audio channel with tracking notch auto-suppression of electro-acoustic positive feedback in a given spectral band.Methods. Visual-graphical architectural programming of audio modules in the SigmaStudio and Flowstone, as well as algorithms for real-time signal audio measurements and analysis of experimental data in the REW and Soundcard Oscilloscope are used.Results. The characteristics of the Di-Box/R Di-Box circuit were studied, in order to estimate the effect of differential signal conversion on the signal-to-noise ratio in the audio signal path. The characteristics of the reverberation and saturation submodules were established. Furthermore, the effect of equalization modes on the frequency response correction of a studio audio monitor was determined. The paper also studied the effect of an audio compressor on the dynamic range and the level of the output signal. The experimental results of the submodule for compensating the frequency response of an audio monitor using matched filtering were established, and the spectral characteristics of the submodule for automatic suppression of electro-acoustic positive feedback were obtained.Conclusions. The software architecture of a multifunctional audio module based on the ADAU1701 audio digital signal processor for testing and debugging media devices in a given spectral-dynamic and spectral-temporal ranges was designed. Balanced routing allows the effect of noise induced into the audio channel to be reduced 20-fold, thus enabling calibration of pickup audio devices. The audio signal processing submodule provides: compression response in the dynamic range from −27 to 18.6 dB with the possibility of equalization parameterization in the range of 0.04–18 kHz; reverberation response in the range from 0.5–3000 ms; audio-channel cross-division into 3 with the ability to adjust the amplitude-frequency response in the dynamic range from −30 to 30 dB. The auto-correction submodule of the amplitude-frequency response allows the dynamic nonuniformity of the amplitude-frequency response to be reduced by 40 dB. The auto-suppression submodule of electro-acoustic positive feedback provides notch formant suppression up to −100 dB with an input dynamic range from −50 to 80 dB.
Mathematical model of a DC/DC converter based on SEPIC topology
Authors: Lavrenov A. I. , Bityukov V. K. 
Published: February 2024

Objectives. A DC/DC converter based on SEPIC topology is a unipolar electronic device which converts an input positive voltage into a stabilized output voltage of the same polarity. It also has the ability to regulate polarity both below and above the input voltage. The aim of the paper is to analyze the DC/DC converter in its both operation phases, as well as to draw up equivalent circuits and obtain characterizing differential equations using Kirchhoff’s rules for each phase. Each system of differential equations is reduced to Cauchy equations, in order to be further transformed into a limiting continuous mathematical model. Each system of equations is converted into a matrix form and subsequently combined into a single matrix system.Methods. The construction of a limiting continuous mathematical model was accomplished using Kirchhoff’s rules. Multisim software was used for the computer simulation, thus enabling the calculated results of direct currents and voltages to be compared to those of the simulation.Results. Results show that the phase coordinates of the mathematical model tend towards the values of real currents and voltages of the converter at a switching frequency higher than 200 kHz. Fairly good agreement is established between the calculated values of currents and voltages and the values obtained by simulation (with varying fill factor and switching frequency).Conclusions. The resulting limiting continuous mathematical model of the DC/DC converter based on SEPIC topology allows for an estimation of the dependence of the currents flowing through the inductor windings and the voltages across the capacitors on a number of parameters. The limiting continuous mathematical model of the DC/DC converter based on SEPIC topology is the basis for its circuit design and physical-and-mathematical analysis.
Automation of autonomous mobile robot docking based on the counter growth rapidly exploring random tree method
Authors: Golubov V. V. , Manko S. V. 
Published: February 2024

Objectives. The article substantiates the relevance of automatic docking of autonomous mobile robots. Specific examples show that the implementation of the automatic docking functions of autonomous robots reveals the potential for creating multi-agent systems with a transformable structure. The aim of the work is to develop means for automatic docking of autonomous mobile robots in complex scenarios and an uncertain environment.Methods. The proposed approach to automating autonomous mobile robot docking is reduced to a modification of the counter-growth rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) method. It is based on the parallel execution of a decentralized route planning algorithm with mutual coordination of distributed computing processes. The effectiveness of the complex of algorithmic and software tools developed was evaluated using computer and natural simulation methods. The final series of full-scale experiments was carried out on the example of JetBot AI kit Nvidia platforms for automatic docking of autonomous robots. This was performed using the means and methods of intelligent control, visual navigation, technical vision and wireless network communication.Results. The study analyzed the features of automatic docking as one of the tasks of group control of autonomous robots. This is part of multi-agent systems, capable of reconfiguring structures for purposeful changes to the existing set of functional properties and application possibilities. The study also proposes a decentralized modification of the counter-growth RRT method. This allows the movements of autonomous mobile robots in the course of their mutual approach and subsequent docking to be planned. A set of software-algorithmic tools was developed to automate the docking of autonomous robots. A series of model and full-scale experiments were carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the approach developed herein.Conclusions. The modification presented herein of the counter-growth RRT method, traditionally used for planning the movements of manipulators and mobile platforms, is complementary to the tasks it resolves. This enables the docking of autonomous robots to be automated. The results obtained open up the potential for universal schedulers with extended functionality for autonomous robot control systems to be designed.
Edukasi Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Pendidikan Keluarga di Desa Punggur Besar Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Authors: Alunaza Hardi , Nuzulian Ully , Rohilie Haunan Fachry , Almutahar Hasan , Umniyah Annisa , Mahesa Gusti , Cantika Suci 
Published: February 2024

Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya mengusung tema edukasi pencegahan stunting melalui pendidikan keluarga. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus berupa pelaksanaan kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan berupa pemberian edukasi kepada masyarakat sekitar dan dengar pendapat. Berdasarkan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan di desa Punggur Besar dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat masih belum mengetahui atau memahami secara jelas proses pencegahan stunting melalui pendidikan keluarga. Namun kegiatan peningkatan kesadaran dan edukasi yang diberikan oleh tim pengabdian masyarakat membantu masyarakat memahami penyebab dan proses pencegahan stunting di lingkungan desa Punggur Besar. Masyarakat juga mendapatkan edukasi yang baik terkait penanganan, proses perbaikan gizi bagi anak dan keluarga, dan upaya meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai pencegahan stunting secara komprehensif.
Analysis of Non-Observance the Maxim in "Knives Out" Movie Script
Authors: Tamrin Tamrin , Muarifuddin Muarifuddin , Arman Arman 
Published: February 2024

This research is a pragmatic approach study of an analysis of Non-Observance the Maxim in the Knives Out Movie Script. The objectives of this researcher are to find out the types of Non-Observance Maim in Movie scripts and to find out the dominant types of Non-Observance used by all the character’s utterances. The researcher used the content analysis qualitative method to describe and analyze the selected Non-Observance which are watching movies and then classifies them according to Paul Grice’s concept types of Non-Observance. The researcher used content analysis which focuses on classifying the types of Non-Observance and the dominant types of Non-Observance in Knives Out movie carried out by all the characters. The researcher found that the characters use all types of Non-Observance. The first flounting there are Quality (3), Quantity (8), and Relation (1) Manner (-). Second is Violation, they are Quality (4), Quantity (3), Relation (1), and Manner (-). Third, Opting Out, which are {Quality (-) Quantity (1) Relation (1) Manner (-), Forth is Infringing, they are Linguistics Performance (-), Culture Impairment (-) Cognitive Impairment (1), and the last is Suspending (1) Based on the data above, it reveals that all characters in their utterances dominantly used the Non-Observance of Flounting with 13 data.
Bourdieu's Strategy in the Movie "A Bug's Life"
Authors: Ardianto Agus , Gultom Eva Solina 
Published: February 2024

Movies have been a platform to picture every human-related activity. The movie is not a mere depiction but a reflection of social life. The idea is to set movies as a manifestation of social life. A Bug’s Life (1998) is an animated movie directed by John Lasseter that follows the storyline of Seven Samurai (1954) a movie by Akira Kurosawa. A Bug’s Life is a manifestation of social life, it contains the struggle for power, social dynamics, and oppression. This study aimed to analyze the depiction of the strategy of power by Pierre Bourdieu in A Bug’s Life and focused only on strategy-based practical action. Bourdieu has classified the strategy into two segments, which are the reproduction strategy and the reconversion strategy. The author used three variables to analyze the movie, those are habitus, capital/modal, and field, which determine the agent’s strategy. After conducting the research using Pierre Bourdieu's theory, the author found that a strategy is a tool of struggle, strategy is based on emergence, strategy is made to counter another strategy, and strategy is a manifestation of capital, habitus, and field.