bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) and the transcription factor ZO‐1‐associated nucleic acid‐binding protein (ZONAB)–MsY3 in glial cells and colocalization at oligodendrocyte and astrocyte gap junctions in mouse brain
Authors: Penes Mihai C. , Li Xinbo , Nagy James I. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe PDZ domain‐containing protein zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) interacts with several members of the connexin (Cx) family of gap junction‐forming proteins and has been localized to gap junctions, including those containing Cx47 in oligodendrocytes. We now provide evidence for ZO‐1 expression in astrocytes in vivo and association with astrocytic connexins by confocal immunofluorescence demonstration of ZO‐1 colocalization with astrocytic Cx30 and Cx43, and by ZO‐1 coimmunoprecipitation with Cx30 and Cx43. Evidence for direct interaction of Cx30 with ZO‐1 was obtained by pull‐down assays that indicated binding of Cx30 to the second of the three PDZ domains in ZO‐1. Further, we investigated mouse Y‐box transcription factor MsY3, the canine ortholog of which has been termed ZO‐1‐associated nucleic acid‐binding protein (ZONAB) and previously reported to interact with ZO‐1. By immunofluorescence using specific antimouse ZONAB antibody, ZONAB was found to be associated with oligodendrocytes throughout mouse brain and spinal cord, and to be colocalized with oligodendrocytic Cx47 and Cx32 as well as with astrocytic Cx43. Our results extend the CNS cell types that express the multifunctional protein ZO‐1, demonstrate an additional connexin (Cx30) that directly interacts with ZO‐1, and show for the first time the association of a transcription factor (ZONAB) with ZO‐1 localized to oligodendrocyte and astrocyte gap junctions. Given previous observations that ZONAB and ZO‐1 in combination regulate gene expression, our results suggest roles of glial gap junction‐mediated anchoring of signalling molecules in a wide variety of glial homeostatic processes.
Inhibition of peripheral vanilloid TRPV1 receptors reduces noxious heat‐evoked responses of dorsal horn neurons in naïve, carrageenan‐inflamed and neuropathic rats
Authors: Jhaveri Maulik D. , Elmes Steven J. R. , Kendall David A. , Chapman Victoria 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe vanilloid TRPV1 receptor, present on primary afferent fibres, is activated by noxious heat, low pH and endogenous vanilloids. Changes in the function or distribution of TRPV1 receptors may play an important role in pain induced by inflammation or neuropathy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of peripheral TRPV1 receptors in thermal nociception in rat models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Here, we have determined the effects of peripheral administration of the potent TRPV1 receptor antagonist iodoresiniferatoxin (IRTX) on noxious heat (45 °C)‐evoked responses of spinal wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons in naïve, carrageenan‐inflamed, sham‐operated and L5/6 spinal nerve‐ligated (SNL) anaesthetized rats in vivo. In addition, effects of peripheral administration of IRTX on mechanically evoked responses of WDR neurons were determined in sham‐operated and SNL rats. Carrageenan inflammation significantly (P < 0.05) increased the 45 °C‐evoked responses of WDR neurons. Intraplantar injection of the lower dose of IRTX (0.004 µg) inhibited (P < 0.05) 45 °C‐evoked responses of WDR neurons in carrageenan‐inflamed, but not in naïve, rats. The higher dose of IRTX (0.4 µg) significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited 45 °C‐evoked responses in both inflamed and naïve rats. In sham‐operated and SNL rats, IRTX (0.004 and 0.4 µg) significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited 45 °C‐evoked, but had no effect on mechanically evoked responses of WDR neurons. These data support the role of peripheral TRPV1 receptors in noxious thermal transmission in naïve, inflamed and neuropathic rats, and suggest that there is an increased functional contribution of peripheral TRPV1 receptors following acute inflammation.
Selective sparing of hippocampal CA3 cells following in vitro ischemia is due to selective inhibition by acidosis
Authors: Cronberg Tobias , Jensen Kimmo , Rytter Anna , Wieloch Tadeusz 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA brief global ischemic insult to the brain leads to a selective degeneration of the pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region while the neurons in the neighbouring CA3 region are spared. The reason for this difference is not known. The selective vulnerability of CA1 neurons to ischemia can be reproduced in vitro in murine organotypic slice cultures, if the ion concentrations in the medium during the anoxic/aglycemic insult are similar to that in the brain extracellular fluid during ischemia in vivo. As acidosis develops during ischemia, we studied the importance of extracellular pH for selective vulnerability. We found that cell death in the CA1 and CA3 regions was equally prevented by removal of calcium from the medium or following blockade of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor by d‐2 amino‐5‐phosphonopentanoic‐acid (D‐APV). On the other hand, damage to the CA3 neurons markedly decreased with decreasing pH following in vitro ischemia, while the degeneration of CA1 neurons was less pH dependent. Patch‐clamp recordings from pyramidal neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions, respectively, revealed a pronounced inhibition of NMDA‐receptor mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) at pH 6.5 that was equally pronounced in the two regions. However, when changing pH from 6.5 to 7.4 the recovery of the EPSCs was significantly slower in the CA3 region. We conclude that acidosis selectively protects CA3 pyramidal neurons during in vitro ischemia, and differentially affects the kinetics of NMDA receptor activation, which may explain the difference in vulnerability between CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons to an ischemic insult.
The role of the human posterior parietal cortex in memory‐guided saccade execution: a double‐pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation study
Authors: Nyffeler Thomas , Egli Andreas , Pflugshaupt Tobias , Von Wartburg Roman , Wurtz Pascal , Mosimann Urs , Hess Christian W. , Müri René M 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe present study investigated the role of the right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in the triggering of memory‐guided saccades by means of double‐pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS). Shortly before saccade onset, dTMS with different interstimulus intervals (ISI; 35, 50, 65 or 80 ms) was applied. For contralateral saccades, dTMS significantly decreased saccadic latency with an ISI of 80 ms and increased saccadic gain with an ISI of 65 and 80 ms. Together with the findings of a previous study during frontal eye field (FEF) stimulation the present results demonstrate similarities and differences between both regions in the execution of memory‐guided saccades. Firstly, dTMS facilitates saccade triggering in both regions, but the timing is different. Secondly, dTMS over the PPC provokes a hypermetria of contralateral memory‐guided saccades that was not observed during FEF stimulation. The results are discussed within the context of recent neurophysiological findings in monkeys.
Institutions and Wage Determination: a Multi‐country Approach*
Authors: Nunziata Luca 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe present an empirical analysis of the determinants of labour cost in OECD countries, with particular reference to the impact of labour market institutions from 1960 to 1994. We show that labour market regulations can explain a large part of the labour cost rise in OECD countries in the last few decades once we control for productivity. These results are consistent with the findings of a companion paper [Nickell, Nunziata and Ochel (2005)Economic Journal, Vol. 115, pp. 1–27] where the effects of institutions on unemployment are examined. We present also a discussion of the econometric issues related to the estimation of a macro pooled model like ours. We focus, among other things, on the hypothesis of poolability and on the cointegration properties of the model. The explanatory power of the model is finally tested by means of a series of country by country dynamic simulations.
Lichen Planus in 24 Children with Review of the Literature
Authors: Luis‐Montoya Pilar , Domínguez‐Soto Luciano , Vega‐Memije Elisa 
Published: July 2005

Abstract:  Lichen planus is a disease generally considered uncommon in children. Our objective was to obtain epidemiologic data retrospectively and determine the clinical characteristics of lichen planus in Mexican children seen in our dermatology department. We found 235 patients with the clinical and histologic diagnosis of lichen planus seen over a period of 22 years and 7 months. Twenty‐four (10.2%) of these patients were children (15 years of age or younger). The ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.2. The main clinical pattern was classic lichen planus (43.5%). Mucous membrane and nail involvement were uncommon. No family history of lichen planus or systemic disease was noted. In the international literature, the frequency of lichen planus varied from 2.1% to 11.2% of the pediatric population. In the majority of studies no significant gender predominance was identified. Most patients had the classic variety of lichen planus. Reported mucosal involvement was rare, except in India and Kuwait. Frequency of nail involvement ranged from 0% to 16.6%. Little evidence of systemic disease or family history was found.
Septic, CD‐30 Positive Febrile Ulceronecrotic Pityriasis Lichenoides et Varioliformis Acuta
Authors: Herron Mark D. , Bohnsack John F. , Vanderhooft Sheryll L. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract:  We report life‐threatening febrile ulceronecrotic pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta in an 8‐year‐old girl. Hemorrhagic‐crusted papules and plaques covered over 90% of the patient's body, leaving her susceptible to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia as well as Candida parapsilosis fungemia. Sepsis delayed definitive treatment of the underlying cutaneous disease for 2 weeks. Combined therapy with methotrexate and cyclosporin caused remission of the process. Although immunohistochemistry revealed CD‐30 positive cells, suggesting the diagnosis of lymphomatoid papulosis, the histopathology was most compatible with pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta. A partial loss of CD2 and CD5 in the predominant CD3 T‐cell lymphocytes suggested a clonal proliferation. Elevated soluble interleukin‐2 receptor levels reflected marked T‐cell activation, and the downward trend of the levels during treatment coincided with clinical regression of this inflammatory dermatosis.
Airborne remote sensing for landslide hazard assessment: a case study on the Jurassic escarpment slopes of Worcestershire, UK
Authors: Whitworth M.C.Z. , Giles D.P. , Murphy W. 
Published: July 2005

This paper describes the application of airborne remote sensing to the study of landslides on the clay-dominated slopes of the Cotswolds Hills between the towns of Broadway, Worcestershire, and Snowshill, Gloucestershire, in the UK. The project involved an initial desk study, airphoto interpretation and field survey in order to provide detailed information about the nature and extent of the landsliding in the area. High-resolution Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) imagery was acquired by the NERC Airborne Remote Sensing Facility, which was subsequently processed in order to develop a remote sensing method for landslide identification using airborne multispectral data. A range of image processing methods are described including colour composite enhancement and thermal imaging, while the focus of the paper will be on the development of a semi-automated method of landslide identification using image classification and texture analysis.
Results from the first stage of the study have shown that the use of image processing techniques such as colour composites and thermal imaging can provide information on the ground surface not visible in conventional aerial photography. In this case study, this has included more detailed geomorphological information on landsides in the area and the nature of the cambering and gulls at the top of the escarpment. The second part of the study has investigated the use of image texture enhancement as a method of landslide identification, applied in isolation and incorporated into an image classification scheme as a semi-automated method of landslide identification. Results from this investigation indicate that landslides can be identified automatically with a high degree of accuracy (83%) and that by using image texture, the image classification technique is able to successfully differentiate between areas of landslide activity and stable slopes in the airborne imagery.
Its is clear from the results of this study that in order to identify landslides in these types of clay-dominated terrains, image texture must be used. Inland landslides, like those on the Cotswolds escarpment, do not have a spectral signature but they do exhibit a distinct spatial signature that allows them to be identified in airborne imagery using textural analysis. The semi-automated method of landslide identification described in this paper represents a rapid method of terrain evaluation and landslide hazard assessment, which can be undertaken prior to more detailed field mapping.
Neutrophil stimulation with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) results in the release of functional soluble TRAIL/Apo-2L
Authors: Kemp Troy J. , Ludwig Aaron T. , Earel James K. , Moore Jill M. , VanOosten Rebecca L. , Moses Bonita , Leidal Kevin , Nauseef William M. , Griffith Thomas S. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractMycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been used to treat bladder cancer for almost 30 years; however, the effector mechanism of the BCG-induced antitumor response remains enigmatic. Most BCG research has focused on the mononuclear-cell infiltrate, but growing evidence supports a role for neutrophils in the antitumor response. Previously, we demonstrated increased urinary tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL/Apo-2L) levels from BCG-responsive patients compared to nonresponders. Interestingly, neutrophils isolated from the urine expressed TRAIL/Apo-2L, leading us to investigate the neutrophil response to BCG. BCG-stimulated neutrophils expressed surface-bound and released functional soluble TRAIL/Apo-2L. Whereas neither interferon α (IFN-α) nor IFN-γ directly induced TRAIL/Apo2L expression by neutrophils, IFN-α did stimulate TRAIL gene transcription, and IFN-primed neutrophils contained and released more TRAIL/Apo-2L after BCG stimulation than did unprimed neutrophils. In unstimulated neutrophils TRAIL/Apo-2L was present predominantly in the azurophilic granules and plasma-membrane–enriched/secretory-granule fraction. Finally, we observed that killed BCG, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 agonists, and an M tuberculosis cell-wall fraction were each capable of inducing the release of soluble TRAIL/Apo-2L from neutrophils. These results further characterize the potential role neutrophils may play in initiating the antitumor response described with BCG treatment for superficial bladder cancer.
Induction of HM1.24 peptide–specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by using peripheral-blood stem-cell harvests in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Jalili Ali , Ozaki Shuji , Hara Tomoko , Shibata Hironobu , Hashimoto Toshihiro , Abe Masahiro , Nishioka Yasuhiko , Matsumoto Toshio 
Published: July 2005

AbstractHM1.24 antigen is preferentially overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) cells but not in normal cells. To explore the potential of HM1.24 as a target for cellular immunotherapy, we selected 4 HM1.24-derived peptides that possess binding motifs for HLA-A2 or HLA-A24 by using 2 computer-based algorithms. The ability of these peptides to generate cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) was examined in 20 healthy donors and 6 patients with MM by a reverse immunologic approach. Dendritic cells (DCs) were induced from peripheral-blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors or peripheral-blood stem-cell (PBSC) harvests from patients with MM, and autologous CD8+ T cells were stimulated with HM1.24 peptide–pulsed DCs. Both interferon-γ–producing and cytotoxic responses were observed after stimulation with either HM1.24-126 or HM1.24-165 peptides in HLA-A2 or HLA-A24 individuals. The peptide-specific recognition of these CTLs was further confirmed by tetramer assay and cold target inhibition assay. Importantly, HM1.24-specific CTLs were also induced from PBSC harvests from patients with MM and these CTLs were able to kill MM cells in an HLA-restricted manner. These results indicate the existence of functional DCs and HM1.24-specific CTL precursors within PBSC harvests and provide the basis for cellular immunotherapy in combination with autologous PBSC transplantation in MM.
JAK2 mutation 1849G&gt;T is rare in acute leukemias but can be found in CMML, Philadelphia chromosome–negative CML, and megakaryocytic leukemia
Authors: Jelinek Jaroslav , Oki Yasuhiro , Gharibyan Vazganush , Bueso-Ramos Carlos , Prchal Josef T. , Verstovsek Srdan , Beran Miloslav , Estey Elihu , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Issa Jean-Pierre J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractAn activating 1849G&gt;T mutation of JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) tyrosine kinase was recently described in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). Its role in other hematologic neoplasms is unclear. We developed a quantitative pyrosequencing assay and analyzed 374 samples of hematologic neoplasms. The mutation was frequent in polycythemia vera (PV) (86%) and myelofibrosis (95%) but less prevalent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with an antecedent PV or myelofibrosis (5 [36%] of 14 patients). JAK2 mutation was also detected in 3 (19%) of 16 patients with Philadelphia-chromosome (Ph)–negative chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), 2 (18%) of 11 patients with megakaryocytic AML, 7 (13%) of 52 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and 1 (1%) of 68 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. No mutation was found in Ph+CML (99 patients), AML M0-M6 (28 patients), or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (20 patients). We conclude that the JAK2 1849G&gt;T mutation is common in Ph– MPD but not critical for transformation to the acute phase of these diseases and that it is generally rare in aggressive leukemias.
Cigarette smoke induces IL-8, but inhibits eotaxin and RANTES release from airway smooth muscle
Authors: Oltmanns Ute , Chung Kian F , Walters Matthew , John Matthias , Mitchell Jane A 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackgroundCigarette smoke is the leading risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) an inflammatory condition characterised by neutrophilic inflammation and release of proinflammatory mediators such as interleukin-8 (IL-8). Human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMC) are a source of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. We investigated whether cigarette smoke could directly induce the release of chemokines from HASMC.MethodsHASMC in primary culture were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) with or without TNFα. Chemokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and gene expression by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni's t testResultsCSE (5, 10 and 15%) induced IL-8 release and expression without effect on eotaxin or RANTES release. At 20%, there was less IL-8 release. TNFα enhanced CSE-induced IL-8 release and expression. However, CSE (5–30%) inhibited TNFα-induced eotaxin and RANTES production. The effects of CSE on IL-8 release were inhibited by glutathione (GSH) and associated with the induction of the oxidant sensing protein, heme oxygenase-1.ConclusionCigarette smoke may directly cause the release of IL-8 from HASMC, an effect enhanced by TNF-α which is overexpressed in COPD. Inhibition of eotaxin and RANTES by cigarette smoke is consistent with the predominant neutrophilic but not eosinophilic inflammation found in COPD.
CCR2 and CXCR3 agonistic chemokines are differently expressed and regulated in human alveolar epithelial cells type II
Authors: Pechkovsky Dmitri V , Goldmann Torsten , Ludwig Corinna , Prasse Antje , Vollmer Ekkehard , Müller-Quernheim Joachim , Zissel Gernot 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe attraction of leukocytes from circulation to inflamed lungs depends on the activation of both the leukocytes and the resident cells within the lung. In this study we determined gene expression and secretion patterns for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and T-cell specific CXCR3 agonistic chemokines (Mig/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10, and I-TAC/CXCL11) in TNF-α-, IFN-γ-, and IL-1β-stimulated human alveolar epithelial cells type II (AEC-II). AEC-II constitutively expressed high level of CCL2 mRNAin vitroandin situ, and released CCL2 proteinin vitro. Treatment of AEC-II with proinflammatory cytokines up-regulated both CCL2 mRNA expression and release of immunoreactive CCL2, whereas IFN-γ had no effect on CCL2 release. In contrast, CXCR3 agonistic chemokines were not detected in freshly isolated AEC-II or in non-stimulated epithelial like cell line A549. IFN-γ, alone or in combination with IL-1β and TNF-α resulted in an increase in CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL9 mRNA expression and generation of CXCL10 protein by AEC-II or A549 cells. CXCL10 gene expression and secretion were induced in dose-dependent manner after cytokine-stimulation of AEC-II with an order of potency IFN-γ>>IL-1β ≥ TNF-α. Additionally, we localized the CCL2 and CXCL10 mRNAs in human lung tissue explants byin situhybridization, and demonstrated the selective effects of cytokines and dexamethasone on CCL2 and CXCL10 expression. These data suggest that the regulation of the CCL2 and CXCL10 expression exhibit significant differences in their mechanisms, and also demonstrate that the alveolar epithelium contributes to the cytokine milieu of the lung, with the ability to respond to locally generated cytokines and to produce potent mediators of the local inflammatory response.
Vector analysis as a fast and easy method to compare gene expression responses between different experimental backgrounds
Authors: Breitling Rainer , Armengaud Patrick , Amtmann Anna 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Background
Gene expression studies increasingly compare expression responses between different experimental backgrounds (genetic, physiological, or phylogenetic). By focusing on dynamic responses rather than a direct comparison of static expression levels, this type of study allows a finer dissection of primary and secondary regulatory effects in the various backgrounds. Usually, results of such experiments are presented in the form of Venn diagrams, which are intuitive and visually appealing, but lack a statistical foundation.

Results
Here we introduce Vector Analysis (VA) as a simple, yet principled, approach to comparing expression responses in different experimental backgrounds. VA enables the automatic assignment of genes to response prototypes and provides statistical significance estimates to eliminate spurious response patterns. The application of VA to a real dataset, comparing nutrient starvation responses in wild type and mutant Arabidopsis plants, reveals that consistent patterns of expression behavior are present in the data and are reliably detected by the algorithm.

Conclusion
Vector analysis is a flexible, easy-to-use technique to compare gene expression patterns in different experimental backgrounds. It compares favorably with the classical Venn diagram approach and can be implemented manually using spreadsheets, such as Excel, or automatically by using the supplied software.