bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AMH regulates ovarian granulosa cell growth in PCOS rats through SMAD4
Authors: Dong Anqi , Liu Lili , Zhang Yun , Liu Fanglin , Chang Xin , Zheng Jindan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Polycystic Povary syndrome(PCOS) is a diverse condition with an unknown cause. Anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH) is a hormone that belongs to the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) class. Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4(SMAD4) is a crucial transcription factor widely expressed in granulosa cells in the TGF-β signaling pathway. Previous studies have revealed that AMH may be an important factor in follicular developmental disorders in PCOS patients , as a biomarker of PCOS.
Objective This study examines the involvement of AMH in the formation of ovulatory abnormalities in PCOS rats and explores its potential causes.
Methods A PCOS rat model was created by inducing DHEA, and granulosa cells from the ovaries were extracted and identified. The expression of AMH and SMAD4 in PCOS rats was assessed by ELISA, immu-nohistochemistry, and Western blot; and the effects of different concentrations of AMH recombinant proteins on the expression of SMAD4 and the development of granulosa cells were examined. The effect of knocking down SMAD4 expression with siRNA on granulosa cell development was also examined.
Results The expression of AMH and SMAD4 in the ovarian tissues and granulosa cells in the PCOS group was higher (*P<0.05). The expression of PCNA in the ovarian granulosa cells of the PCOS group was lower (**P<0.01), and the expression of BAX was higher (*P<0.05). Western blot analysis indicated that 100 ng/ml rAMH increased the expression of SMAD4 and caspase-3 in granulosa cells (*P<0.05), and decreased CyclinA and BCL-2 expression (**P<0.01). CCK-8 and flow cytometry results showed that 100 ng/ml AMH reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis in granulosa cells (***P<0.001,*P<0.05). siRNA knockdown of the SMAD4 gene led to increased PCNA expression (**P<0.01) and decreased BAX expression (*P<0.05) in granulosa cells of PCOS rats.
Conclusions AMH plays a role in controlling the growth and programmed cell death of ovarian granulosa cells in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome through SMAD4.
Knowledge, attitude and practice toward myopia among parents of primary school students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tian Yujing , Yu Yingqing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
To investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward myopia among parents of primary school students.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among parents of primary school students by a self-administered questionnaire between October 2022 and November 2022.
Results
A total of 552 participants were collected, and the mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 8.38 ± 2.29, 25.01 ± 2.79, and 26.37 ± 3.96, respectively. Having a junior college or bachelor’s degree, master’s degree or above, monthly household income per person of 10,000–20,000 yuan, being nearsighted, having a nearsighted child, and having two children were independently associated with knowledge scores. Knowledge scores, being female, monthly household income per person of 10,000–20,000 yuan and over 20,000 yuan, being nearsighted, and being 33–44 years old were independently associated with attitude scores. Attitude scores and having a child in the fourth grade were independently associated with practice scores.
Conclusions
Parents of primary school students had inadequate knowledge, positive attitude, and proactive practice regarding myopia. Health education programs targeting parents with lower education and income levels are needed to improve their knowledge and promote a positive attitude toward myopia.
The effect of chlorophyllin, a glutathione transferase P1‐1 inhibitor, on triple-negative breast cancer invasion and metastasis in vivo/in vitro
Authors: burus ayse , Ozcan Mehmet , Canpinar Hande , Bozdemir Ozlem , Zeybek Naciye Dilara , Bayazit Yasemin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The expression of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) enzyme increases in cancer cells, leading to anticancer drug resistance. The antioxidant chlorophyllin has an inhibitory effect on GSTP1. In this study, we investigated the effects of chlorophyllin and its combined administration with the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel on metastatic processes. For this purpose, both the 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer cell line and metastatic animal model were used. The MTT, flow cytometry, and wound healing assays were used to investigate cell viability, cell cycle, and cell migration, respectively. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Total gelatinase activity, GST activity, and glutathione levels in cell and liver tissue lysates measured by colorimetric methods. Micrometastases were evaluated in liver tissue sections histochemically. As a result, the coadministration of chlorophyllin and docetaxel inhibited cell migration in vitro. The single administration of chlorophyllin reduced the MMP-9 expression in vivo, and this effect was higher when it was coadministered with docetaxel. In coadministration, there was also a significant decrease in the total gelatinase activity in vivo. Finally, we found that only combined treatment reduced the micrometastatic lesions in the liver tissues. In conclusion, the coadministration of chlorophyllin and docetaxel may have a potential role in the control of metastatic processes by suppressing cell migration, invasion, and micrometastasis formation in triple-negative breast cancers.
Association of erythrocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid with shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Gui Binbin , Zhang Haopeng , Zhang Wei , Li Chunxu , Meng Xiangyi , Cong Xuefeng , Shen Yingjie , Rong Yiwei , Yang Kongbin , Liang Hongsheng , Zhang Xiangtong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
Shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (SDH) is one of the common complications of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(aSAH). Several risk factors have been reported to predict the occurrence of SDHC in patients with aSAH. However, few studies have concentrated erythrocyte count in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This study aimed to investigate the association of erythrocyte count in CSF with the occurrence of SDHC following aSAH.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the CSF data of patients with aSAH within 7 days of onset in our hospital from December 2017 to April 2021. The difference of erythrocyte counts in CSF between the SDH group and the non-SDH group was examined within 7 days of onset. The effect of erythrocyte count on SDH was analyzed, and the cutoff value was determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Grouping was carried out based on the cutoff value, and statistical analysis was employed to compare the statistical significance between the two groups. The erythrocyte count was utilized as a risk factor, along with other factors, to predict the occurrence of SDHC following aSAH.
Results
It was attempted to enroll 424 patients with aneurysms and 31 (7.3%) patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) after aneurysm treatment. The differences in erythrocyte count were compared between the SDHC group and the non-SDHC group. The predictive effect of erythrocyte count on the SDHC was determined by ROC curves on D3, D4, D5, D6, and D7. The results of ROC curve analysis revealed that the erythrocyte count was significant different on D3 and D6 between the two groups. It was also found that the cutoff values of erythrocyte count on D3 and D6 were 73000 and 120000 10^/L, respectively. The erythrocyte counts on D3 and D6 was divided into two groups based on the cutoff value for making comparison. On D3, the incidence of aSAH in ≥ 73000 (10^/L) group (13.6%) was nearly 10 times that of < 73000 (10^/L) group (1.3%). Similarly, on D6, the incidence in ≥ 120000 (10^/L) group (44.4%) was nearly 10 times that of < 120000 (10^/L) group (4.2%). The erythrocyte count in CSF was utilized as a risk factor, in combination with intraventricular hemorrhage and acute hydrocephalus, to examine the predictive efficacy using the ROC curve analysis. The results indicated that the area under the curve value for the erythrocyte count was 0.814 (P = 0.001) when combined with intraventricular hemorrhage and acute hydrocephalus curves on D6.
Conclusion
The erythrocyte count was found as an independent risk factor for SDHC in patients with aSAH. The erythrocyte counts in the CSF on D6 and D3 ware determined by the cutoff value. The findings may assist the future research on the accurately prediction of the occurrence of SDHC following aSAH.
Sequential Synthesis Methodology in the Design and Optimization of Sustainable Distillation Sequences for Levulinic Acid Purification
Authors: Alcocer-Garcia Heriberto , Segovia-Hernández Juan Gabriel , Sánchez-Ramírez Eduardo , Caceres-Barrera Carlos Rodrigo , Hernández Salvador 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The biorefinery concept has been considered the most effective and sustainable method for transforming biomass into valuable products. Levulinic acid, derived from the acid hydrolysis of glucose in lignocellulosic biomass, is acknowledged as a valuable and versatile high-value product. The separation and purification of levulinic acid become complicated due to azeotropic characteristics and excess water in the resulting dilute mixture from acid hydrolysis. This complexity makes the process energy-intensive and costly, posing challenges for large-scale production. For this reason, it has been the subject of research proposing separation methods, such as the use of liquid-liquid extraction columns, decanters, and intensified columns. However, a comprehensive and sustainable systematic synthesis has not yet been undertaken to identify the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly design. In this research, several potential process designs for the purification of levulinic acid were analyzed and compared. These designs were developed using a sequential synthesis methodology, designed, and optimized through a rigorous optimization process employing a multi-objective hybrid algorithm, specifically, differential evolution with tabu list. Two objectives were considered: total annual cost as the economic criterion, and the eco-indicator 99 as the environmental index. The results indicated that the intensified design, incorporating a thermal coupling demonstrated superior results, with cost savings of approximately 25% and a 21% reduction in environmental impact. Therefore, the sequential synthesis produced alternatives for levulinic acid purification that align with the United Nations' 2030 Agenda Sustainable Development Goals, contributing to the creation of sustainable processes.
Studying the Nanocomposite B/ZnO for Photocatalysis: Facile Control the Morphology via Sol-gel Method and Antibiotic Degradation Investigations
Authors: Nguyen Thu Huong , Mai Tien Thanh , Tran Thi Phuong , Thi Cam Ly Tran , Thi Cam Vi Dao , Thi Mai Lan Vu , Nguyen Minh Viet , Nguyen Thanh Hung , Vu Anh-Tuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, the ZnO and B/ZnO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by a Sol-gel method. The photocatalytic activity of these materials was evaluated by the removal of antibiotics including tetracycline hydrochloride. After doping with B, the photocatalytic activity of the composite was improved and the optimum content of doped B was 3 wt.%. The effects of synthesis conditions on the morphology, structure and photocatalysis of B/ZnO were investigated. The physical properties of these material samples were analyzed by many different methods. The synthesis conditions significantly influenced the morphology and the photocatalytic performance of the B/ZnO nanocomposite. The optimal synthesis conditions were ethanol as a solvent, a temperature of 60 ℃ and a pH of 8. In 90 min, the TCH removal efficiency of the B/ZnO nanocomposite archived 98.28% with a rate constant of 0.048 min− 1. In addition, the electrical energy consumption was estimated and the electrical energy per order was only 35.44 W.h.L− 1.
A thermal simulation environment for moving objects on the lunar surface
Authors: Schmülling Max , Gützlaff Joel , Czupalla Markus 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a thermal simulation environment for moving objects on the lunar surface. The goal of the thermal simulation environment is to enable the reliable prediction of the temperature development of a given object on the lunar surface by providing the respective heat fluxes for a mission on a given travel path. The user can import any object geometry and freely define the path that the object should travel. Using the path of the object, the relevant lunar surface geometry is imported from a digital elevation model. The relevant parts of the lunar surface are determined based on distance to the defined path. A thermal model of these surface sections is generated, consisting of a porous layer on top and a denser layer below. The object is moved across the lunar surface, and its inclination is adapted depending on the slope of the terrain below it. Finally, a transient thermal analysis of the object and its environment is performed at several positions on its path and the results are visualized. The paper introduces details on the thermal modeling of the lunar surface, as well as its verification. Furthermore, the structure of the created software is presented. The robustness of the environment is verified with the help of sensitivity studies and possible improvements are presented.
C-FISTA Type Projection Algorithm for Quasi-Variational Inequalities
Authors: Yao Yonghong , Jolaoso Lateef O. , Shehu Yekini 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we first propose a version of FISTA, called C-FISTA type gradient projection algorithm, for quasi-variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces and obtain linear convergence rate. Our results extend the results of Nesterov for C-FISTA algorithm for strongly convex optimization problem and other recent results in the literature where linear convergence results of C-FISTA are obtained for strongly convex composite optimization problems. For a comprehensive study, we also introduce a new version of gradient projection algorithm with momentum terms and give linear rate of convergence. We show the adaptability and effectiveness of our proposed algorithms through numerical comparisons with other related gradient projection algorithms that are in the literature for quasi-variational inequalities.
2010 MSC classi cation: 47H05, 47J20, 47J25, 65K15, 90C25.
Ocular hypertension after silicone oil filling surgery for high myopia: A case control study
Authors: Lin Xiaodan , Feng Shenghui , Chen Chunmei , Xiong Yadan , Li Na , Tong Ling 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In order to analyze the influence of factors including the length of the eye axis on the occurrence of ocular hypertension (OH) after silicone oil filling.
Methods
214 eyes undergoing vitrectomy and silicone oil filling were retrospectively enrolled from 432 eyes of high myopia patients. The time of occurrence of postoperative OH in patients with secondary OH after silicone oil filling was observed and recorded. Various clinical parameters were analysed that basic characteristics, past disease history, other combined surgery, the correlation of the auxiliary examination results (the length of the eye axis, silicone oil entering the anterior chamber, silicone oil emulsification), and the relevance of the silicone oil filling time in the eye. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted.
Results
After high myopia silicone oil is filled, the length of the eye axis (29.21 ± 0.85) mm becomes longer than the actual length (28.31 ± 0.82) mm. 80 cases of postoperative high intraocular pressure occurred cumulatively, with an incidence rate of 37.38%. There was a statistically significant difference in the surgical conditions (scleral cerclage or external pressure, lens eye, the axis of the eye, and emulsified silicone oil) and the filling time of silicone oil in the eye in OH and normal intraocular pressure groups (P < 0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that combined episcleral cerclage/external scleral pressure, aphakic eyes, axial length ≥ 29 mm, silicone oil emulsification, and silicone oil entering the anterior chamber are high myopia patients after silicone oil filling. The OR values​of the risk factors of stress were 3.478, 1.945, 2.461, 5.387, 4.151, respectively.
Conclusion
The high intraocular pressure after silicone oil filling is related to pupil block, angle obstruction, and humor circulation disorder caused by the forward movement of the crystalline iris septum or the front interface of silicone oil in aphakic eyes.
Spatial forecasting of online food delivery demand
Authors: Bezerra Herlisson , Cancho Vicente 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This work aims to predict demand for orders in the expanded center of S˜ao Paulo, Brazil, using the Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR) and the Artificial Neural Network - Multilayer Perceptron Model (MLP), based on real data from a Brazilian online food delivery company. Accurately forecasting demand by geographical area is crucial for efficient logistics planning in the company. To address this, we proposed an approach that uses an augmented train matrix to incorporate order information from neighboring areas of the first order, allowing the neural network model to identify spatial autocorrelation in the data. The performance of both models was evaluated using Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and the coefficient of determination (R2). In the simulations, both of the models achieved satisfactory performance compared to the historical mean. The MLP model, when best tuned, outperformed the SAR model in both RMSE and R2coefficient.
Simvastatin inhibits PD-L1 via ILF3 to enhance CD8 + T cell-mediated ferroptosis in gastric cancer cells
Authors: Sun Danping , Cui Xiaohan , Yang Wenshuo , Wei Meng , Yan Zhibo , Zhang Mingxiang , Wang Zuoyang , Yu Wenbin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy is vital in the comprehensive treatment of gastric cancer (GC). However, the prognosis of GC patients remains unfavorable, necessitating to exploration of novel therapeutic approaches and medications.
Methods
PD-L1 expression was observed using small interfering RNA and plasmid to knock down and overexpress ILF3, respectively. The expression of ILF3, PD-L1, and ferroptosis marker molecules (SLC7A11 and GPX4) was detected upon simvastatin stimulation of gastric cancer cells co-cultured with activated CD8+ T cells. To assess the impact of ILF3 and simvastatin stimulation on the induction of ferroptosis in gastric cancer cells by CD8+ T cells, various assays including CCK8, MTT, ROS, Fe2+, MDA, GSH, and LPO were conducted. Cleavage under targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) was employed to validate the mechanism of simvastatin by regulating ILF3 expression. Whole genome sequencing and KEGG analysis reveal that ILF3 regulates PD-L1 expression through the DEPTOR/mTOR signaling pathway.
Results
Statin treatment decreased the serum levels of ILF3 and PD-L1. This study found that ILF3 was positively correlated with the expression of PD-L1, and the knockdown of ILF3 effectively inhibited the expression of PD-L1, thus enhancing the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells to gastric cancer cells. Meanwhile, simvastatin inhibited the expression of PD-L1 through ILF3, which enhanced the induction of ferroptosis in gastric cancer cells by CD8+ T cells. Further studies found that simvastatin inhibited ILF3 expression by decreasing the acetylation level at residue site H3K14 in ILF3, while ILF3 inhibited PD-L1 expression through the DEPTOR/mTOR pathway.
Conclusions
Simvastatin further recruited CD8+ T cells to enhance anti-tumor immunity by inhibiting PD-L1 expression by ILF3 and induced GC cells to undergo ferroptosis to achieve synergistic immunotherapy. This study elucidated the new mechanism of statins to improve GC immunotherapeutic effect. It revealed a new theoretical basis for using statins in GC treatment to improve the prognosis of GC patients.
The variability of muscle-blubber interface temperature with activity level in a captive Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus)
Authors: Sakai Kino , Fukui Daisuke , Shirouzu Hiroshi , Watanabe Yurie , Inamori Daiki , Funasaka Noriko , Aoki Kagari , Sakamoto Kentaro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: To reduce heat loss underwater, marine mammals cover their bodies with insulators and particularly cetaceans only rely on blubber for insulation. Blubber establishes a thermal gradient between the warmer body core and cooler body surface, reducing heat transfer to the environment. Measuring the temperature at the innermost part of the blubber, i.e. the temperature at the muscle-blubber interface (Tmbi), can be an important indicator for understanding thermoregulatory mechanisms in cetaceans. Although heat production through activity is another factor that plays an important role in thermoregulation, its effects on Tmbi have not been investigated in cetaceans. To assess this relationship in free-swimming cetaceans, we measured the Tmbi and activity levels in a captive Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus) using an implantable biologging device.
Results: Tmbi and activity data were analyzed for 11 days. The average Tmbi was 35.1 ± 0.6 ºC and the temperature gradient between Tmbi and the water temperature was 13.0 ± 0.7 ºC. The Tmbi displayed distinct diurnal variation, which was higher during the daytime and lower in the early morning. The variation in Tmbi was best explained by both the activity levels and time of day. Tmbi did not simply increase with activity levels; it appeared to remain relatively constant at most activity levels. However, Tmbi appeared to decrease when the animal was inactive and increase when it was intensely active.
Conclusion: Our results provide important insights into how a dolphin regulates its body temperature underwater. Heat insulation by blubber and heat production by activity were found to play important roles in thermoregulation. The whole-body heat dissipation mechanism might be used to regulate temperature increases when heat production is excessive, or the animal can reduce the thermal conductivity of the blubber by decreasing its temperature during inactive periods.
Ascorbic acid predominantly kills cancer stem cell-like cells in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Li-7 and is more effective at low cell density and in small spheroids
Authors: Seyama Yusuke , Sudo Kazuhiro , Yamada Tekeshi , Tsuchiya Kiichiro , Nakamura Yukio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The development of therapies that target cancer stem cells (CSCs) is an important challenge in cancer research. The antioxidant system is enhanced in CSCs, which may lead to resistance to existing therapies. Ascorbic acid (AA) has the potential to act as both an antioxidant and a pro-oxidant agent, but its effects on CSCs are a subject of current research. Here, we investigated the effect of AA focusing specifically on CSCs with the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Li-7. The Li-7 cell line is heterogenous consisting of CD166− and CD166+ cells; CD166− cells include CSC-like cells (CD13+CD166− cells) and CD13−CD166− cells that can revert to CD13+CD166− cells. The addition of AA to the culture medium caused cell death in both cell populations in CD166− cells in a concentration dependent manner. In contrast, AA administration had a limited effect on CD166+ non-CSC cells. The level of reactive oxygen species after AA treatment was elevated only in CD166− cells. The effect of AA only occurred at low cell densities in 2D and 3D cultures. In a mouse tumor model injected with Li-7 cells, intraperitoneal administration of AA failed to prevent tumor formation but appeared to delay tumor growth. Our findings shed light on why AA administration has not become a mainstream treatment for cancer treatment; however, they also show the possibility that AA can be used in therapies to suppress CSCs.