bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low water availability increases susceptibility to peanut smut (Thecaphora frezzii) in peanut crop
Authors: Paredes Juan A. , Guzzo M. Carla , Monguillot Joaquin H. , Asinari Florencia , Posada Gisella A. , Oddino Claudio M. , Giordano Damian F. , Morichetti Sergio A. , Torres Adriana M. , Rago Alejandro M. , Monteoliva Mariela I. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPeanut smut (causal agentThecaphora frezzii) and seasonal drought are the two main factors reducing peanut yields in Argentina. There are no previous studies about the effect of drought on peanut smut occurrence. We evaluated the effect of soil water limitation on smut symptoms in greenhouse and field assays. Additionally, we analysed the biochemical responses of plants to the combined stress caused by water limitation and smut infection in greenhouse experiments. We found that a moderate water deficit (30% of soil water‐holding capacity) increased smut symptoms and differentially increased proline and reduced chlorophylls in the host. Subsequently, we studied the correlation between field precipitation data and smut damage from 2015 to 2020 in naturally infected fields with a highT.frezziispore load in the soils. Strong correlations between precipitation and severely affected pods, severity disease index and incidence were found from January to March (susceptibility window forT.frezziiinfections). We suggest a strategy of irrigation in a specific time frame to mitigate smut damage when there is a water deficit in the growing season.
Against Human Rights Skeptics
Authors: Sobek Tomáš 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe main goal of my text is to generalize Alexy's explicative argument against human rights skeptics in order to minimize the overall room for their escape. This argument tries to show that any attempt to intersubjectively justify the nonexistence of human rights as moral rights necessarily commits the so‐called performative self‐contradiction. Alexy worries that the effect of his argument can be weakened by a group reduction of discourse. But I will argue that this worry is overstated because the price of such a reduction is much higher than Alexy estimates. I will then turn to the issue of moral relativism. I will try to show that the explicative argument, if suitably generalized, can cope even with human rights skeptics who think in terms of moral relativism.
Financial inclusion, vulnerability coping strategies and multidimensional poverty: Does conceptualisation of financial inclusion matter?
Authors: Bukari Chei , Koomson Isaac , Annim Samuel Kobina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolicy emphasis on financial inclusion and deepening has shifted away from measures capturing formal financial services only and towards the development of more inclusive financial markets which account for both formal and informal services. This study examines the effect of financial inclusion and vulnerability coping strategies on multidimensional poverty, where the conceptualisation of financial inclusion is based on four perspectives—(i) one that focuses on only the formal financial sector, (ii) another that concentrates on only the informal financial sector, (iii) one that considers only the mobile money sector and (iv) finally, one that combines all financial markets (i.e., formal and informal including mobile money). Findings show that the conceptualisation of financial inclusion does not only matter in identifying the financially included but also has an implication on how financial inclusion influences multidimensional poverty. Financial inclusion measures that use only formal financial products and services understate their potential effects on multidimensional poverty, thus, justifying the need for a financial inclusion measure that considers both formal and informal sectors. Incorporating informal financial products and services in the measure reduces multidimensional poverty more for female‐headed households and those in rural settings. Households' adoption of vulnerability coping strategies has the potential to reduce the likelihood of being multidimensionally poor.
Quantification at a distance and grammatical illusions in French
Authors: Pasquereau Jérémy , Dillon Brian , Frazier Lyn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent research in psycholinguistics supports the hypothesis that retrieval from working memory is a key component of establishing syntactic dependencies in comprehension. This can result in so‐called grammatical illusions. These illusions have been modeled as the result of a content‐addressable retrieval process in sentence comprehension that allows grammatically inaccessible licensing elements to be reactivated, creating a spurious perception of acceptability. This article reports five studies that establish the existence of a new grammatical illusion involving quantification at a distance and the licensing of so‐called de NPs in French. Our results suggest that this grammatical illusion is interestingly constrained by syntactic properties of the licensors. Specifically, quantifiers that independently participate in quantification‐at‐a‐distance constructions were seen to create grammatical illusions to a greater extent than quantifiers that do not participate in that construction. Consistent with previous work on the nature of cues in memory retrieval, we suggest that this is the result of fairly specific abstract syntactic cues that guide retrieval of a licensing element. This article thus brings further evidence that syntax is crucially used to structure working memory over the course of a parse.
Root Walker: an automated pipeline for large scale quantification of early root growth responses at high spatial and temporal resolution
Authors: Platre Matthieu Pierre , Mehta Preyanka , Halvorson Zachary , Zhang Ling , Brent Lukas , Gleason F. Matias , Faizi Kian , Goulding Callum , Busch Wolfgang 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYPlants are sessile organisms that constantly adapt to their changing environment. The root is exposed to numerous environmental signals ranging from nutrients and water to microbial molecular patterns. These signals can trigger distinct responses including the rapid increase or decrease of root growth. Consequently, using root growth as a readout for signal perception can help decipher which external cues are perceived by roots, and how these signals are integrated. To date, studies measuring root growth responses using large numbers of roots have been limited by a lack of high‐throughput image acquisition, poor scalability of analytical methods, or low spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we developed the Root Walker pipeline, which uses automated microscopes to acquire time‐series images of many roots exposed to controlled treatments with high spatiotemporal resolution, in conjunction with fast and automated image analysis software. We demonstrate the power of Root Walker by quantifying root growth rate responses at different time and throughput scales upon treatment with natural auxin and two mitogen‐associated protein kinase cascade inhibitors. We find a concentration‐dependent root growth response to auxin and reveal the specificity of one MAPK inhibitor. We further demonstrate the ability of Root Walker to conduct genetic screens by performing a genome‐wide association study on 260 accessions in under 2 weeks, revealing known and unknown root growth regulators. Root Walker promises to be a useful toolkit for the plant science community, allowing large‐scale screening of root growth dynamics for a variety of purposes, including genetic screens for root sensing and root growth response mechanisms.
Dermoscopic findings and comparison of usefulness of longitudinal versus transversal sections in the histological diagnosis of alopecia X
Authors: Zanna Giordana , Abramo Francesca , Contiero Barbara , Zini Eric , Albanese Francesco , Borio Elena , Godizzi Francesco , Necci Fabiano , Luciani Luca , Roccabianca Paola 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundA combination of dermoscopic and histological findings may provide useful information for the diagnosis of hair follicle diseases. However, there are no studies on dermoscopic–histopathological correlations in dogs affected by alopecia X, and comparison of longitudinal versus transversal sectioning of skin biopsy specimens in the assessment of this hair loss disorder has not been thoroughly investigated.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to correlate dermoscopic and histological features using both longitudinal and transversal sectioning of skin biopsy samples to gain additional information for the diagnosis of alopecia X.AnimalsNineteen Pomeranian dogs affected by alopecia X and five healthy Pomeranians as controls.Materials and MethodsDermoscopic–histological correlation was performed within the diseased group, whereas histological comparisons against controls. The demographic and clinical characteristics also were related to the histological findings.ResultsThe dermoscopic findings revealed scattered, thinned, short hairs mixed with amorphous keratoseborrhoeic‐like material (follicular plugging), perifollicular and intrafollicular scaling, and hyperpigmentation varying from pinpoint black spots to a diffuse texture. Dermoscopic findings correlated with histological findings for selected qualitative and quantitative findings. The usefulness of transversal sections was demonstrated in accurately determining the hair follicular density and counts, growth arrest phases and in identifying mineralisation of hair follicle basement membrane when compared to the longitudinal. Conversely, no correlations between histological findings and demographic and clinical characteristics were detected.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThese data provide evidence of the usefulness of dermoscopic evaluation as an accessory diagnostic tool and of transversal sections of skin biopsies as complementary to the diagnosis of alopecia X.
Prevalence of red blood cell alloantibodies among blood donors in the French Military Blood Institute: A 10‐year retrospective study
Authors: Pons Sandrine , Poirrier Laurence , Fleuriot Estelle , Martinaud Christophe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesScreening for red blood cell alloantibodies (RBC‐Ab) is a critical step in ensuring blood transfusion safety performed by blood donation screening laboratories. We aim to evaluate the prevalence of the RBC‐Ab among healthy blood donors.Materials and MethodsAntibody screening of serum of all voluntary blood donors was performed as a routine immune‐haematological procedure by a solid‐phase method on a fully automated immunohaematology analyser. Positive sera were further investigated to identify the specificity of RBC‐Ab by a commercially available red cell panel.ResultsBetween January 2012 and December 2021, a total of 212,218 donations were screened for the presence of RBC‐Ab, 74% from male donors (n = 157,898) and 26% from female donors (n = 54,320). Mean age at donation time was 32 ± 12 years. A total of 1007 donations were screened positive (0.47%), and 131 were confirmed positive for alloantibodies in their serum, yielding a prevalence of 0.06% (95% confidence interval: 0.05–0.07). Most frequent alloantibodies identified were of RH blood group system (64%), followed by anti‐MNS (19%), anti‐Kidd and Lewis (6% each) and anti‐KEL (4%). The results showed a statistically higher prevalence of alloantibodies in women than men. Our results showed a lower prevalence as compared to the available data, which might be related to our study population.ConclusionThe prevalence of positive antibody screening in healthy donors in this study was found to be 0.47%, while the prevalence of alloantibodies was 0.06%. The most common alloantibodies were anti‐RH1 (25%) and anti‐RH3 (24%).
Isolation, selection, and identification of phytopathogenic fungi with bioherbicide potential for the control of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.)
Authors: Sotelo‐Cerón Néstor Daniel , Maldonado‐Mendoza Ignacio Eduardo , Leyva‐Madrigal Karla Yeriana , Martínez‐Álvarez Juan Carlos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractField bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) has been described as one of the most noxious weeds in agricultural soils worldwide. Furthermore, its control by conventional herbicides can promote the emergence of resistant biotypes as well as negatively affect human health and the environment. An ecological alternative for weed management is the use of phytopathogenic fungi. In this study, 68 fungal strains were isolated from C. arvensis leaves exhibiting symptoms of fungal disease. Seven isolates were confirmed as pathogenic to C. arvensis in a detached leaf assay. Filtered cell‐free cultures (FCFC) of these seven isolates were then evaluated. FCFC of TV1 and ET4 showed the best results, inhibiting seedling dry weight by up to 48% in vivo and shoot dry weight up to 35% in growth chamber assays. Phytopathogenic evaluation of both isolates showed disease severity >67%, and an ability to inhibit root dry weight by up to 80%. Inhibitory effects were not observed on chickpea, bean, sorghum, maize, or tomato plants, suggesting pathogenic specificity of TV1 and ET4 to field bindweed. Molecular identification revealed a high similarity of TV1 (100% identity) with Macrophomina phaseolina, and a high similarity of ET4 with Alternaria alternata (99.8% identity). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of M. phaseolina showing pathogenicity against field bindweed worldwide, and the first report for A. alternata in Mexico. The results reveal that these fungi and/or their FCFC have the potential to be used as bioherbicidal agents against C. arvensis.
Generating numbers of rings graded by amenable and supramenable groups
Authors: Lorensen Karl , Öinert Johan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA ring has unbounded generating number (UGN) if, for every positive integer , there is no ‐module epimorphism . For a ring graded by a group such that the base ring has UGN, we identify several sets of conditions under which must also have UGN. The most important of these are: (1) is amenable, and there is a positive integer such that, for every , as ‐modules for some ; (2) is supramenable, and there is a positive integer such that, for every , as ‐modules for some . The pair of conditions (1) leads to three different ring‐theoretic characterizations of the property of amenability for groups. We also consider rings that do not have UGN; for such a ring , the smallest positive integer such that there is an ‐module epimorphism is called the generating number of , denoted . If has UGN, then we define . We describe several classes of examples of a ring graded by an amenable group such that .
The Role of Muscle Strength in the Sit-to-Stand Task in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Baizabal-Carvallo José Fidel , Alonso-Juarez Marlene , Fekete Robert 
Published: October 2023

Background. Rising from a chair or the sit-to-stand (STS) task is frequently impaired in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). These patients commonly attribute such difficulties to weakness in the lower extremities. However, the role of muscle strength in the STS transfer task has not been fully elucidated. Objective. We aim at determining the role of muscle strength in the STS task. Methods. We studied 90 consecutive patients with PD and 52 sex- and age-matched controls. Lower limb strength was determined in both legs by clinical examination using the Medical Research Council Scale, dynamometric (leg flexion) and weighting machine (leg pressure) measures. Patients were interrogated regarding the presence of subjective lower limb weakness or allied sensations. Results. There were 20 patients (22.2%) with abnormal STS task (item 3.9 of the MDS-UPDRS-III ≥2 points). These patients had higher modified Hoehn and Yahr stage

P

<

0.001

and higher total motor scores of the MDS-UPDRS

P

<

0.001

, compared with 70 PD patients with normal STS task. Patients with abnormal STS task endorsed lower limb weakness more frequently and had lower muscle strength in the proximal lower extremities, compared to PD patients with normal STS task and normal controls. The presence of perceived lower limb weakness increased the risk of an abnormal STS task, OR: 11.93 (95% C.I. 1.51–94.32), whereas a hip extension strength ≤9 kg/pressure also increased the risk of abnormal STS task, OR: 4.45 (95% C.I. 1.49–13.23). In the multivariate regression analysis, bradykinesia and decreased hip strength were related to abnormal STS task. Conclusions. Patients with PD and abnormal STS task complain more commonly of lower limb weakness and have decreased proximal lower limb strength compared to patients with PD and normal STS task, likely contributing to abnormalities in performing the STS task.
Orthostatic Blood Pressure Change, Dizziness, and Risk of Dementia in the ARIC Study
Authors: Ma Yuan , Zhang Yiwen , Coresh Josef , Viswanathan Anand , Sullivan Kevin J. , Walker Keenan A. , Liu Chelsea , Lipsitz Lewis A. , Selvin Elizabeth , Sharrett A. Richey , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Blacker Deborah , Hofman Albert , Windham B. Gwen , Juraschek Stephen P. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Abnormal orthostatic blood pressure (BP) regulation may result in cerebral hypoperfusion and brain ischemia and contribute to dementia. It may also manifest as early symptoms of the neurodegenerative process associated with dementia. The relationship between the magnitude and timing of orthostatic BP responses and dementia risk is not fully understood.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of the associations of orthostatic BP changes and self-reported orthostatic dizziness with the risk of dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (ARIC). We calculated changes in BP from the supine to the standing position at 5 measurements taken within 2 minutes after standing during the baseline visit (1987–1989). The primary outcome was adjudicated dementia ascertained through 2019.

RESULTS:
Among 11 644 participants (mean [SD] age, 54.5 [5.7] years; 54.1% women; 25.9% Black), 2303 dementia cases were identified during a median follow-up of 25.9 years. Large decreases in systolic BP from the supine to standing position measured at the first 2 measurements ≈30 and 50 seconds after standing, but not afterward, were associated with orthostatic dizziness and a higher risk of dementia. Comparing a decrease in systolic BP of ≤−20 or >−20 to −10 mm Hg to stable systolic BP (>−10 to 10 mm Hg) at the first measurement, the adjusted hazard ratios were 1.22 (95% CI, 1.01–1.47) and 1.10 (95% CI, 0.97–1.25), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Abnormal orthostatic BP regulation, especially abrupt drops in BP within the first minute, might be early risk markers for the development of dementia. Transient early orthostatic hypotension warrants more attention in clinical settings.
Short- and long-term effects of emotion up- and down-regulation
Authors: Diers Kersten , Gärtner Anne , Schönfeld Sabine , Dörfel Denise , Walter Henrik , Brocke Burkhard , Strobel Alexander 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is an open question in cognitive emotion regulation research how emotion regulation unfolds over time, and whether the brain regions involved in down-regulation are also recruited during up-regulation of emotions. As a replication and extension of our preceding study, we conducted an fMRI study in young healthy adults on the neural basis of up- and down-regulation of negative and neutral pictures during the immediate stimulation phase as well as after short- and long-term delays (N=47 for immediate and short-term delays, a subset of N=30 for long-term delays). For this, we employed three experimental conditions—down-regulation (distance), maintenance (permit), and up-regulation (intensify)—for negative and neutral pictures, and investigated the neural responses during the stimulation and post-stimulation phase as well as during re-exposure after 10 min and after 1 week. We observed the following main results: first, we found greater activation in emotion-generating regions such as the amygdala in the permit vs. distance and the intensify vs. distance comparisons, but not in the intensify vs. permit comparison. Second, we observed greater activation in emotion-regulating regions such as the right inferior parietal and right superior / middle frontal cortex in the distance vs. permit and the distance vs. intensify contrasts, but not the permit vs. intensify contrast. Third, we found that the activation difference between distance and intensify within the amygdala reversed after the regulation period. Fourth, previous emotion regulation did not influence the activation during re-exposure, neither after 10 min nor after 1 week. Taken together, the results provide a partial replication of persistent effects observed in our preceding study, indicate different neural systems for up- and down-regulation, and demonstrate that a broader perspective on emotion regulation can be achieved by simultaneously considering different goals, directions, and strategies of emotion regulation in a single experiment.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene rs671 G>A polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of digestive tract cancer
Authors: Yang Yang , Liang Qun , Chen Yijin , Cao Yu , Zhuo Qingqing , Liu Boying , Wang Shengbing 
Published: October 2023

Objective Acetaldehyde can accumulate in cells and form acetaldehyde-DNA adducts that result in digestive tract cancer development. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) enzymatic activity is involved in this process. Here, we aimed to analyze the relationship between an ALDH2 gene polymorphism and the digestive tract cancer risk in the Hakka population in China. Methods This was a retrospective study, with the ALDH2 rs671 genotype and medical record information collected from all subjects. The relationships between these factors, including various blood cell parameters, and digestive tract cancer susceptibility were analyzed. Results Overall, 307 cancer patients and 317 controls were included. The cancer patients had significantly higher percentages with a history of smoking and drinking alcohol, as well as an increased platelet to lymphocyte ratio and lower lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, compared with the controls. The ALDH2 rs671 genotype and allele distributions were significantly different between the cancer patients and controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that the ALDH2 G/A genotype (G/A vs. G/G) and A/A genotype (A/A vs. G/G) in the co-dominant mode were risk factors for digestive tract cancer susceptibility. Conclusions ALDH2 rs671 G/A or A/A genotype carriers may have an increased risk of developing digestive tract cancers among the Hakka people.