bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellulose acetate nanofiber modified with polydopamine polymerized MOFs for efficient removal of noxious organic dyes
Authors: Eze Esther , Omer Ahmed M. , Hassanin Ahmed H. , Eltaweil Abdelazeem S. , El-Khouly Mohamed E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As the global discharge of organic dyes into water bodies continues to surge, the imperative of efficiently removing these dyes from aquatic systems has gained paramount significance. This investigation explores the potential of a recently engineered adsorbent material, polydopamine-binary Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) ZIF-8 and UiO-66, referred to as ZIF-8/UiO-66/PDA, for the elimination of methylene blue (MB) dye. These MOFs were incorporated into cellulose acetate (CA), producing ZIF-8/UiO-66/PDA@CA nanofibers under meticulously optimized conditions. The ZIF-8/UiO-66/PDA@CA nanofibers were characterized utilizing various tools including FTIR, XRD, SEM, zeta potential, BET, tensile strength testing, and XPS. Results revealed a substantial leap in tensile strength, with ZIF-8/UiO-66/PDA@CA registering an impressive 2.8 MPa, as a marked improvement over the neat CA nanofibers (1.1 MPa). ZIF-8/UiO-66/PDA@CA nanofibers exhibit an outstanding adsorption capacity of 82 mg/g, notably outperforming the 22.4 mg/g capacity of neat CA nanofibers. In binary dye systems, these nanofibers exhibit a striking maximum adsorption capacity of 108 mg/g, establishing their eminence in addressing the complexities of wastewater treatment. Adsorption data fitted to the Langmuir isotherm, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The fabricated nanofiber demonstrates good reproducibility and durability, consistently upholding its performance over five cycles. This suite of remarkable attributes collectively underscores its potential as a robust, durable, and highly promising solution for the effective and efficient removal of pernicious MB dye, in the context of both water quality improvement and environmental preservation.
Prenatal diagnosis via Single Nucleotide Polymorphism array analysis for fetuses from balanced translocation carriers at the second trimester
Authors: Wu Xiaoqing , Liang Bin , Li Ying , Su Linjuan , Chen Yuqin , Zheng Lin , Cao HUA , Huang Hailong , Xu Liangpu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
It is widely recognized that prenatal diagnosis should be offered to pregnancies from couples with a carrier of a balanced translocation. This study aimed to assess the utility of single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) for pregnancies involving at least one parent with a balanced translocation during the second trimester.
Material and methods
This retrospective study analyzed prenatal diagnosis data from 195 consecutive pregnancies involving couples with a balanced translocation carrier. Of these, 69 pregnancies were conceived through assisted reproductive technology (ART) with preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), while 126 were natural pregnancies. The cohort consisted of 33 couples with Robertsonian translocation carriers and 155 couples with reciprocal translocation carriers. Both SNP array analysis and conventional karyotyping were conducted on all cases, categorizing karyotype-visible imbalances and pathogenic/likely pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) as clinically significant abnormalities.
Results
Among cases involving natural conception, the rate of cases experiencing more than two early miscarriages in Robertsonian translocation couples was significantly lower than that in Reciprocal translocation couples (5.0% vs. 26.0%, p < 0.05). In couples with female carrier, cases experiencing more than two early miscarriages accounted for 30.2%, significantly higher than the 14.0% in male carrier couples (p < 0.05). A total of 7 (5.6%) cases of unbalanced translocation pregnancies were identified in natural conception pregnancies. Compared with karyotyping, an additional 12 cases of copy number variants (CNVs) were revealed by SNP array analysis, including 2 (1.0%) cases of pathogenic (P) /likely pathogenic (LP) aberrations, 4 (2.0%) variants with uncertain significance (VOUS), and 6 (3.0%) likely benign variants. Both of the clinically significant CNVs were detected in fetuses with a balanced translocation but were unrelated to the translocation breakpoints. Two cases with breakpoints-related CNVs were confirmed to be of parental inheritance and considered likely benign. In fetuses with ultrasound anomalies, the incidence of clinically significant findings was 33.3%, significantly higher than the 1.7% in fetuses with normal ultrasonography (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Early miscarriage was more often observed in pregnancies from couples with female carrier and reciprocal translocation couples. Insufficient evidence indicates that balanced translocations increase the likelihood of clinically significant CNVs in the fetus, particularly those related to translocation breakpoints.
Mental ill health experiences of female sex workers and their perceived risk factors: A systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Morgan Lucy , Welborn Heather Rose , Feist-Paz Genevieve , Hallett Nutmeg 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Female sex workers globally face a high prevalence of mental ill health due to social inequalities, including classism, gender inequality, discrimination and criminalisation, coupled with stigma and violence. However, few reviews comprehensively discuss the combined impact of these perceived risk factors on the mental well-being of female sex workers worldwide.
Aim: This systematic qualitative literature review seeks to explore the mental health experiences of female sex workers and their perceived risk factors for mental ill health.
Design: A systematic qualitative literature review.
Methods: Searches across ten databases, including CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library, Medline (1949 to current date 2022), ProQuest, PTSDPubs, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Web of Science (Core Collection), AMED, and Google Scholar. Included studies were assessed for quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) Qualitative Studies Checklist and subsequently thematically analysed.
Results: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, leading to the development of five key themes through thematic analysis: (1) mental ill health, (2) addiction, (3) stigma, (4) normalisation of violence, and (5) lack of support systems. Notable findings include the adverse impact of stigma on the mental well-being of female sex workers, the prevalence of mental illnesses related to their involvement in the sex industry, the role of violence as a critical risk factor for mental ill health, and the utilisation of addiction as a coping mechanism.
Conclusions: The identified themes contribute to our existing understanding of the mental health experiences of female sex workers and have practical implications. Practice recommendations encompass initiatives such as public education, soliciting feedback from sex workers about their healthcare experiences, establishing community-based support teams, and providing integrated services for those with dual diagnoses. Further research is necessary to assess the effectiveness of public education schemes, address stigma within the sex industry, and investigate the mental health experiences of sex workers in American and Western European contexts.
Reducing maternal mortality through identifying unmet need for postpartum hemorrhage stabilization in rural emergency obstetric care facilities: Development and testing of a tool in Bangladesh
Authors: Mamun Quazi , Shajahan Fatima , Williams Anna , Anderson Rondi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Maternal mortality is stagnating globally, and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading contributor. Time from onset of PPH to death is estimated at two hours, the fastest of all life-threatening obstetric complications. Resistance to treatment of critical obstetric emergencies in rural settings is ubiquitous and under-reported. Ensuring initial stabilization close to communities is central to improving maternal mortality rates. Systemic and unspoken refusal of care leads to hidden unmet need for treatment of PPH. Current global guidance for monitoring emergency obstetric care may be inadequate.
Aim: The aim of this research was to develop a tool that measures unmet need for PPH stabilization in local health facilities. The newly developed tool was tested in rural sub-districts in Bangladesh. The results and their implications are discussed.
Method: A proposed calculation was developed for determining the expected number of PPH cases in a given population based on its size, birth rates, community delivery rate, and estimates of PPH rates. Using the new tool, calculated estimates were applied to rural districts in Bangladesh against actual numbers of PPH cases managed in public district and sub-district hospitals. Births in private and NGO facilities were also accounted for.
Findings: Substantial discrepancies were found between expected PPH arising in rural areas and PPH treated in rural facilities in those areas. The actual number of cases treated at local rural public facilities was 16% of what was expected. This is a notable finding that is missed by using global recommendations for monitoring EmONC signal functions.
Conclusion: The proposed tool presents an opportunity for countries to examine the availability of facility response to obstetric emergencies, specifically PPH, in facilities reported to be providing basic emergency obstetric care. Establishing a simple method for the calculation of expected numbers of PPH will help countries to address hidden gaps. Further research is needed in other contexts to verify this tool and investigate if uncovering under performance of health facilities could be an opportunity for strengthening maternal and newborn health systems.
Condition dependence in the sexual communication system of the túngara frog
Authors: Wilhite Kyle , Ryan Michael J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Sexual selection can result in the evolution of extreme armaments and ornaments, and the development and maintenance of these traits can come at a considerable cost. These costs have been implicated in enforcing an upper limit on trait divergence and promoting condition-dependent traits such that only individuals in sufficiently high condition can effectively wield these armaments and advertise these ornaments. Numerous studies demonstrate the condition-dependence of sexually selected traits, especially those used by males to advertise to females. In this study, we investigated condition-dependent mating calls in the túngara frog Physalaemus (=Engystomops) pustulosus. We manipulated male condition in the laboratory over a nine-day period by restricting food availability. We then documented the relationship between male condition (the relative change in body mass from night 1 to night 9) and acoustic parameters of his mating call; how male condition influenced the male’s responses to call playbacks; and finally, if male condition influenced the attractiveness of the male’s calls to females. Males who were not fed during this period showed significant changes in call frequency, duration, and amplitude. In response to playbacks, unfed males called less, and made fewer complex calls. Finally, in phonotaxis experiments, females were more attracted to the calls of unfed males on night 1 to the calls of the same males on night 9. Fed males, on the other hand, showed no significant differences between nights 1 and 9 in call parameters, calling effort, and call attractiveness. This study shows the pervasive effects of condition on three aspects of sexual communication: signal parameters, behavioral response to vocal competition, and mating call attractiveness.
Bioorthogonal Chain-Growth Polymerization: Site-Specific Labeling of Artificial Polymers in Living Cells
Authors: Liu Guhuan , Tong Guoming , Liu Xiaojuan , Li Liang , Feng Xuepu , Shi Yi , Yang Sheng , Yang Ronghua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Examining and controlling the structure and interactions of biomolecules are fundamental tasks in life research. The importance of utilizing polymers to label and modify biomolecules has been steadily increasing due to the unique properties of polymers, such as polyfunctional nature and capacity of multivalent interactions. Nonetheless, the intracellular polymerization techniques that have been documented, whether they involve step-growth polymerization or radical polymerization, do not possess the mechanistically capacity to fulfill the intracellular site-specific labeling of artificial polymers. Given this context, we created a chain-growth polymerization with bioorthogonal features, centered around the proximity-enhanced copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). At the core of this approach lies a meticulously crafted azido-tris(triazolylmethyl)amine conjugate serving as the initiator. Tris(triazolylmethyl)amine effectively forms complexes with Cu(I) and accelerates proximity reaction between the covalently attached azide and a monomer containing both azide and alkynyl groups, far exceeding the rate of monomer-to-monomer reactions. The proximity-enhanced CuAAC reaction proceeds continuously to form chain-growing polymers. This CuAAC-based chain-growth polymerization (CCGP) enables for the intracellular site-specific labeling of artificial polymers, where the point of initiator dictates the polymer's ultimate positioning. We have successfully accomplished the localization of polymers within mitochondria and the on-site synthesis of DNA-polymer conjugates, through CCGP polymerization initiated by mitochondrial-targeted initiators and DNA-linked initiator groups, respectively. Due to the living characteristic of CCGP polymerization, this strategy enables the in-situ synthesis of block copolymers in cells for the first time. Consequently, we are convinced that the advancement of biorthogonal chain-growth polymerization will furnish a potent instrument for investigating and regulating the structure and interactions of biomolecules.
Development of efficient, cost-effective in vitro micropropagation technique for threatened ethnomedicinal plant Clerodendrum indicum (L.) O. Kuntze
Authors: Kundu Ashutosh , Adhikary Rajsekhar , Sahani Bikram , Chakraborty Anindita , Mandal Vivekananda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Clerodendrum indicum (L.) O. Kuntze (Verbenaceae) is a threatened ethnomedicinal plant with many bioactive secondary metabolites that could alleviate chronic diseases like cough, asthma, jaundice, leprosy, syphilitic rheumatism, and septic wounds. Their natural growth has been severely challenged due to habitat loss and massive exploitation for medical applications, leading to the threatened status. Therefore, an in vitro micropropagation technique has been trialled to be used for eco-restoration and metabolite exploitation. Micropropagation via direct and indirect shoot organogenesis had been established from the different explants of this plant. Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with variable concentrations of NAA, IAA, and BAP produced callus, organogenesis and whole plant. The study revealed that nodal explants resulted in more significant responses than others. The shoot and root regeneration through callus was observed in the MS media supplemented with 4.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA with an 84% response rate after two weeks of incubation and an average 5.6 number of shoots per callus. Only root and shoot regeneration was observed using half-strength MS media with 2.0 mg/L 6-BA and 1.0 mg/L NAA and 6.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA, respectively, after two weeks. The plantlets acclimatization had an average of 80% survival rate. These in-vitro regenerated plants by direct shoot organogenesis and through callus induction methods might aid in harvesting a bulk amount of secondary metabolites without destroying the native habitat. Thus, the methods would lead to environmental restoration sustainably.
Effect of para-substituent on copolymerization and thermal degradation kinetics of styrene copolymers composed with maleic anhydride derivative
Authors: Yang Changlei , Wang Yanping , Liu Yufei , Qin Jun , He Min , Qin Shuhao , Yu Jie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The investigation of the polymerization kinetics and thermal degradation kinetics of maleic anhydride copolymers is of significant reference value for the synthesis of multifunctional and high-performance maleic anhydride-based copolymers and their applications in different fields. In this study, anhydride (MAH) derived styrene copolymers, namely Poly(N-phenylmaleimide-alt-styrene) (PNS), Poly(N-(4-carboxyphenyl) maleimide-alt-styrene) (PCS), and poly (N-fluorine- phenylmaleimide- alt-styrene) (PFS), were prepared using a solution copolymerization method. The copolymerization kinetics and thermal degradation kinetics of MAH derived styrene copolymers were investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), as well as the Arrhenius equation and Kim-Park method. The study revealed that the incorporation of carboxyl and fluorine groups had varying degrees of influence on maleic anhydride-styrene copolymers. The copolymerization rate constant (K value) followed the order PNS > PCS > PFS, while the copolymerization activation energy (Ea) followed the order PNS < PFS < PCS. Moreover, the thermal degradation activation energy (Ea′) followed the order PNS < PNS < PFS, indicating that PFS exhibited easier polymerization and the fluorine group significantly enhanced the thermal stability of the maleic anhydride-styrene copolymers.
The application of autofluorescence system contributes to the preservation of parathyroid function during thyroid surgery.
Authors: Shi Xian Biao , Lv Guan , Ding HaoRan , Qin JiaBo , Li YiXuan , Zheng LuLu , Sang JianFeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of autofluorescence technology on postoperative parathyroid function and short-term outcomes in patients undergoing thyroid surgery.
Methods
A total of 546 patients were included in the study, with 287 in the conventional treatment group and 259 in the autofluorescence group. Both groups underwent central lymph node dissection, which is known to affect parathyroid function. Short-term outcomes, including rates of postoperative hypocalcemia and parathyroid dysfunction, blood calcium and PTH levels on the first postoperative day, as well as the need for calcium supplementation, were analyzed. A multivariable analysis was also conducted to assess the impact of autofluorescence on postoperative parathyroid dysfunction, taking into account factors such as age, BMI, and preoperative calcium levels.
Results
The autofluorescence group demonstrated significantly lower rates of postoperative hypocalcemia and parathyroid dysfunction compared to the conventional treatment group. The autofluorescence group also had better blood calcium and PTH levels on the first postoperative day, and a reduced need for calcium supplementation. Surprisingly, the use of autofluorescence technology did not prolong surgical time; instead, it led to a shorter hospitalization duration. The multivariable analysis showed that autofluorescence significantly reduced the risk of postoperative parathyroid dysfunction, while factors such as age, BMI, and preoperative calcium levels did not show a significant correlation.
Conclusion
This study provides evidence that autofluorescence technology can improve the preservation of parathyroid function during thyroid surgery, leading to better short-term outcomes and reduced postoperative complications. The findings highlight the potential of autofluorescence as a valuable tool in the management of parathyroid hypofunction. Further research and validation are needed to establish the routine use of autofluorescence technology in thyroid.
Immunogenicity after vaccination of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer: a prospective, single center, observational study
Authors: Katsuya Yuki , Yoshida Tatsuya , Takashima Atsui , Yonemori Kan , Ohba Akihiro , Yazaki Shu , Yagishita Shigehiro , Nakahama Hiroko , Kobayashi Osamu , Yanagida Masatoshi , Irino Yasuhiro , Hamada Akinobu , Yamamoto Noboru 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
Patients with cancer, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy, are at risk from the low immunogenicity of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccines.
Methods:
This prospective study assessed the seroconversion rate of COVID-19 vaccines among patients with cancer and hospital staff. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein-specific IgG (S-IgG) concentrations were evaluated before the first vaccination, and 1–3 and 4–6 months after the second vaccination. The primary endpoint was the seroconversion rate measured 1–3 months after the second vaccine.
Results:
In total, 590 patients and 183 healthy hospital staff were analyzed. At 1–3 months after the second vaccination, the S-IgG antibody concentration exceeded the cut-off value (20 BAU/mL) in 96.1% (567/590) of the patients with cancer and 100% (183/183) of the healthy controls (p = 0.0024). At 4–6 months after the second vaccination, the S-IgG antibody concentration exceeded the cut-off value (20 BAU/ml for S-IgG) in 93.1% (461/495) of the patients with cancer and 100% (170/170) of the healthy controls (p < 0.0001). Old age, being male, and low lymphocyte count were related to low SARS-CoV-2 S-IgG levels 1–3 months after the second vaccination among patients, while body mass index, smoking history, and serum albumin level were not. Patients undergoing platinum combination therapy and alkylating agent among cytotoxic drugs, and PARP inhibitor, mTOR inhibitor, and BCR-ABL inhibitor exhibited a low S-IgG antibody concentration compared to the no treatment group.
Conclusions:
COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity was reduced among patients with cancer, especially under several treatment regimens.
Nanoliposomal irinotecan with fluorouracil and folinic acid, FOLFIRINOX, and S-1 as second-line treatment for unresectable pancreatic cancer after gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel
Authors: Shibuki Taro , Otsuka Taiga , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Nakazawa Junichi , Arima Shiho , Fukahori Masaru , Miwa Keisuke , Okabe Yoshinobu , Koga Futa , Ueda Yujiro , Kubotsu Yoshihito , Makiyama Akitaka , Shimokawa Hozumi , Takeshita Shigeyuki , Nishikawa Kazuo , Komori Azusa , Otsu Satoshi , Hosokawa Ayumu , Sakai Tatsunori , Oda Hisanobu , Kawahira Machiko , Arita Shuji , Honda Takuya , Taguchi Hiroki , Tsuneyoshi Kengo , Kawaguchi Yasunori , Fujita Toshihiro , Sakae Takahiro , Nio Kenta , Ide Yasushi , Ureshino Norio , Shirakawa Tsuyoshi , Mizuta Toshihiko , Mitsugi Kenji 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to compare second-line treatment outcomes for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer previously treated with gemcitabine plus nab–paclitaxel (GnP) therapy. We conducted an integrated analysis of two retrospective studies included 318 patients receiving nanoliposomal irinotecan + 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid (Nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV) (n = 102), S-1 (n = 57), or FOLFIRINOX (n = 14) as second-line treatment. Median overall survival (OS) in the Nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV group was 9.08 months, significantly better than S-1 (4.90 months, P = 0.002). FOLFIRINOX had a median OS of 4.77 months, not statistically different from Nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV. Subgroup analyses of OS indicated Nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV was generally superior, however, a statistical interaction was observed between the treatment regimen in serum Alb < 3.5 g/dL (P = 0.042) and serum CRP ≥ 0.3 mg/dL (P = 0.006). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.93 months for Nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV, significantly better than S-1 (2.53 months, P = 0.024), while FOLFIRINOX had a comparable PFS (3.04 months, P = 0.948). Multivariate analysis identified the serum CRP, serum CA19-9, duration of first-line GnP therapy, and use (yes/no) of S-1 for second-line treatment as independent predictors for OS. This study concludes that second-line Nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV therapy demonstrated a more favorable OS compared to S-1 therapy, however, it is still important to consider the patient background characteristics while selecting the most appropriate treatment.