bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A concept analysis of cultural competence in nursing: A hybrid model approach
Authors: Vasli Parvaneh , Hejazi Sima , AsadiParvar‐Masouleh Hanieh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCultural competence is considered one of the criteria for high‐quality nursing care.AimThis study aimed to analyse cultural competence in nursing.MethodsThis study was performed using the hybrid concept analysis approach in three phases. In the theoretical phase, literature was reviewed by searching Persian and English language databases, and 94 articles were included. In the second or fieldwork phase, 11 semi‐structured interviews were conducted with purposefully selected nurses. The results of both theoretical and fieldwork phases were analysed using conventional content analysis, and in the final analysis phase, the results of the previous phases were triangulated.ResultsThe attributes of cultural competence were obtained in the theoretical phase in six and the fieldwork phase in three categories. In the final phase, the categories obtained in both previous phases were triangulated: cultural competence in nursing is a continuous, developmental, flexible, extensive and complex process that is patient‐ and justice‐oriented and emerges through learning and skills acquisition, including cultural knowledge, attitudes and practices.ConclusionManagers and planners of nursing education can use the results of this study to educate nursing students and nurses and evaluate outcomes as one of the criteria for quality care.
Immune profile of adipose tissue from youth with obesity and asthma
Authors: Reichenbach Anna , O'Brien Wade , Duran Sarai , Authelet Kayla J. , Freishtat Robert J. , Nadler Evan P. , Rastogi Deepa 
Published: October 2023

SummaryBackgroundObesity is a risk factor for paediatric asthma. Obesity‐mediated systemic inflammation correlates with metabolic dysregulation; both are associated with asthma burden. However, adipose tissue inflammation is not defined in obesity‐related asthma.ObjectiveDefine adipose tissue inflammation and its association with metabolic measures in paediatric obesity‐related asthma.MethodsCellular profile of stromal vascular fraction from visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from youth with obesity‐related asthma (n = 14) and obesity without asthma (n = 23) was analyzed using flow cytometry and correlated with metabolic measures.ResultsCompared to youth without asthma, VAT from youth with obesity‐related asthma was enriched for leukocytes and macrophages, including M1 and dual M1M2 cells, but did not differ for CD4+ lymphocytes, and endothelial cells, their progenitors, and preadipocytes. M1 macrophage counts positively correlated with glucose, while M1M2 cells, CD4+ lymphocytes, and their subsets negatively correlated with high‐density lipoprotein, in youth with obesity without asthma, but not among those with obesity‐related asthma.ConclusionsEnrichment of macrophage‐mediated inflammation in VAT from youth with obesity‐related asthma supports its role in systemic inflammation linked with asthma morbidity. Lack of correlation of VAT cells with metabolic dysregulation in youth with obesity‐related asthma identifies a need to define distinguishing factors associated with VAT inflammation in obesity‐related asthma.
Honokiol ameliorates cigarette smoke‐induced damage of airway epithelial cells via the SIRT3/SOD2 signalling pathway
Authors: Li Fei , Ye Chunyu , Wang Xiuli , Li Xinting , Wang Xiaoxia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCigarette smoking can cause damage of airway epithelial cells and contribute to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Honokiol is originally isolated from Magnolia obovata with multiple biological activities. Here, we investigated the protective effects of honokiol on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)‐induced injury of BEAS‐2B cells. BEAS‐2B cells were treated with 300 mg/L CSE to construct an in vitro cell injury model, and cells were further treated with 2, 5 and 10 μM honokiol, then cell viability and LDH leakage were analysed by CCK‐8 and LDH assay kits, respectively. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analysis. ELISA was used to measure the levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐ɑ, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8 and MCP‐1. The results showed that honokiol (0.5–20 μM) showed non‐toxic effects on BEAS‐2B cells. Treatment with honokiol (2, 5 and 10 μM) reduced CSE (300 mg/L)‐induced decrease in cell viability and apoptosis in BEAS‐2B cells. Honokiol also decreased CSE‐induced inflammation through inhibiting expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF‐ɑ, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8 and MCP‐1. Moreover, honokiol repressed CSE‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decrease of ATP content and mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as mitochondrial membrane potential. Mechanistically, honokiol promoted the expression of SIRT3 and its downstream target genes, which are critical regulators of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. Silencing of SIRT3 reversed the protective effects of honokiol on CSE‐induced damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in BEAS‐2B cells. These results indicated that honokiol attenuated CSE‐induced damage of airway epithelial cells through regulating SIRT3/SOD2 signalling pathway.
Resistance to fenazaquin in broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae): Realized heritability, risk assessment and cross‐resistance
Authors: Augustine Neenu , Selvapandian Upasna , Ramaiah Chethan Badakegudlu , Jambagi Suresh Ramakrishna , Venkatesan Thiruvengadam , Mohan Muthugounder 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), is an important phytophagous mite that causes extensive damage to a wide range of crop species across the world. Fenazaquin, a mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor (METI), is one of the commonly used acaricides for the management of P. latus. The response to fenazaquin selection over generations and the risk of development of resistance was estimated herein using a laboratory‐selected population of P. latus (FEN‐SEL). Repeated exposure to fenazaquin over generations resulted in decreased susceptibility (99.32 folds) as compared to the unselected counterpart. FEN‐SEL took 26 generations for a 10‐fold increase in resistance with a realized heritability (h2) of 0.12 which indicated a low genetic variation and high phenotypic variation. Over a selection intensity of 20%–80% mortality, the generations required for a 10‐fold increase in LC50 for fenazaquin were 14.21–55.75, 7.75–30.41 and 5.33–20.91 at h2 values of 0.12, 0.22 and 0.32, respectively, with a constant slope of 2.39. The FEN‐SEL population also exhibited moderate levels of cross‐resistance to diafenthiuron, dicofol and spiromesifen and low cross‐resistance to propargite. The findings suggest a rational and rotational application of fenazaquin in the field to delay the development of resistance and to prolong its efficacy against P. latus.
Effects of the precooling process on the preservation of fresh‐cut durian
Authors: Phoengmak Wichayut , Sirivongpaisal Nikorn , Sridach Waranyou , Naemsai Thanwit , Thongkaew Kunlapat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe export of fresh‐cut durians has increased steadily. However, the shelf life of durians remains limited. The shelf life can be extended by decreasing the temperature of durian. Although the optimal temperature for storing fresh‐cut durians has been examined previously, few studies have addressed the efficiency of cooling systems. This study aimed to determine the parameters that affected the forced‐air precooling of 15 kg of fresh Monthong durians to 7°C, taking into account room temperature conditions of 6, 3.5, and 1°C. Experiments showed that the highest performance was attained with a precooling temperature of 1°C, which reduced the pulp temperature from 29 to 7°C in 266 min while using .83 kWh. After a 6‐h precooling time, the pulp maintained its firmness, color, and TSS, although its weight dropped by 2.30%. The pulp met the quality standards and exhibited only minor changes compared to fresh durians.Practical applicationAs a major exporter of fresh‐cut durians, Thailand faces the challenge of meeting growing demand while ensuring efficient precooling and product quality. Although small and medium‐sized businesses commonly use commercial freezers for durian chilling, the impact on quality remains uncertain. Precooling, which rapidly lowers the temperature before storage or shipment, is essential for maintaining cold chain efficiency. However, research on the effects of precooling specifically for fresh‐cut durians remain limited. This investigation aims to fill the gap in knowledge by studying the preservation effects of precooling at different temperatures (6, 3.5, and 1°C) and placements. The findings could greatly benefit small and medium‐sized enterprises by improving their ability to precool fresh‐cut durians using commercial refrigerators. This, in turn, can enhance the export value of durians and boost Thailand's agriculture revenue. By optimizing precooling efficiency and product quality preservation, Thailand can strengthen its position as a leading exporter of fresh‐cut durians.
Plasma interferon‐gamma‐inducible‐protein 10 level as a predictive factor of spontaneous hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance in chronic hepatitis B patients
Authors: Kan Karin , Wong Danny Ka‐Ho , Hui Rex Wan‐Hin , Seto Wai Kay , Yuen Man‐Fung , Mak Lung‐Yi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimSpontaneous seroclearance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is a rare event that occurs in patients that are chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus. As the functional cure and ultimate treatment endpoint of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), HBsAg seroclearance is an important milestone in the natural history of CHB and serves great clinical value. This study aims to identify host and viral factors associated with HBsAg seroclearance.MethodsThis is a retrospective study carried out in the Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong. By analyzing the plasma retrieved from the serum archive (collected during 2011–2021) of 100 CHB patients attending the hospital's liver clinic, the longitudinal cytokine profiles between the HBsAg‐losers and the control groups were compared.ResultsData revealed that plasma levels of IP‐10 were significantly lower at 3–5 years prior to HBsAg seroclearance compared with patients who remained HBsAg positive (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis reveals that plasma IP‐10 levels at multiple time points before HBsAg seroclearance return area under receivor‐operating characteristic curve (AUC) greater than 0.7. Plasma IP‐10 levels at 42.39 pg/mL produced an AUC = 0.723 with 74.0% sensitivity and 75.5% specificity to predict subsequent HBsAg seroclearance in the next 3–5 years. Low plasma IP‐10 identified 91.4% patients with quantitative HBsAg < 100 IU/mL who would subsequently develop HBsAg seroclearance, compared with 37% with higher plasma IP‐10 levels (P < 0.001).ConclusionsLow plasma levels of IP‐10 are associated with subsequent HBsAg seroclearance, suggesting potential clinical utilities of measurement of IP‐10 in predicting HBsAg seroclearance, especially among patients with low HBsAg.
Pain and incident cognitive impairment in very old Mexican American adults
Authors: Milani Sadaf Arefi , Sanchez Claudia , Kuo Yong‐Fang , Downer Brian , Al Snih Soham , Markides Kyriakos S. , Raji Mukaila 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundStudies have investigated the association between pain and cognitive impairment among older adults, but the findings are mixed. We assessed the relationship of activity‐limiting pain (pain interference) with incident cognitive impairment and the mediating effect of depressive symptoms among Mexican American adults aged ≥80.MethodsData were taken from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly (2010–2016). Pain interference, or pain that limited daily activities in the last 12 months, was categorized into none, untreated pain interference, and treated pain interference. Cognitive impairment was defined as scoring <21 on the Mini‐Mental State Examination and difficulty with at least one instrumental activity of daily living. We used general estimation equations to assess this relationship between pain and incident cognitive impairment over the 6‐year period (n = 313).ResultsParticipants reporting both untreated and treated pain interference had higher odds of incident cognitive impairment than those reporting no pain or pain interference (untreated adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–4.36; treated aOR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.15–3.44). Depressive symptoms explained 15.0% of the total effect of untreated pain and 25.3% of treated pain.ConclusionsAmong very old Mexican American adults, both treated and untreated pain interference was associated with incident cognitive impairment. This association was partially mediated by depressive symptoms, underscoring a need for depression screening in patients with chronic pain. Future work is needed to examine mechanistic/causal pathways between pain and subsequent cognitive impairment and the role of pharmacological and non‐pharmacological treatments in these pathways.
La captura del viento: Energía eólica y la política de la renta en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, México
Authors: Alonso Serna Lourdes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe article looks at the power relations between landholders and wind companies for the fixation and distribution of rents from wind energy in the Oaxacan Isthmus. It foregrounds the centrality of rent in the process of land grabbing as well as the political nature of rent. Drawing on landholders, who have received little attention in the conflicts over wind energy in the Isthmus, the paper addresses a different layer in the socio‐environmental conflict, where subaltern actors have political and economic motivations to accept wind energy despite their acknowledgment of uneven power relations with investors. The paper contributes to the literature on the political ecology of renewables.
Hidden diversity in high‐latitude Southern Hemisphere environments: Reinstatement of the genus Rama and description of Vandenhoekia gen. nov. (Cladophoraceae, Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta), two highly variable genera
Authors: Boedeker Christian , Wynne Michael J. , Zuccarello Giuseppe C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe continental coasts and remote islands in the high‐latitude Southern Hemisphere, including the subantarctic region, are characterized by many endemic species, high abundance of taxa, and intermediate levels of biodiversity. The macroalgal flora of these locations has received relatively little attention. Filamentous green algae are prolific in the intertidal of southern islands, but the taxonomy, distribution, and evolutionary history of these taxa are yet to be fully explored, mostly due to the difficulty of access to some of these locations. In this study, we examined specimens of the order Cladophorales from various locations in the high‐latitude Southern Hemisphere including the subantarctic (the Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Macquarie Island, and Kerguelen Islands), as well as mainland New Zealand, the Chatham Islands, Chile, and Tasmania. The analyses of the rDNA sequences of the samples revealed the existence of two new clades in a phylogeny of the Cladophoraceae. One of these clades is described as the novel genus Vandenhoekia gen. nov., which contains three species that are branched or unbranched. The amended genus Rama is reinstated to accommodate the other clade, and contains four species, including the Northern Hemisphere “Cladophora rupestris.” In Rama both branched and unbranched morphologies are found. It is remarkable that gross morphology is not a predictor for generic affiliations in these algae. This study illustrates that much can still be learned about diversity in the Cladophorales and highlights the importance of new collections, especially in novel locations.
16S rRNA gene‐based meta‐analysis of the reptile gut microbiota reveals environmental effects, host influences and a limited core microbiota
Authors: Hoffbeck Carmen , Middleton Danielle M. R. L. , Nelson Nicola J. , Taylor Michael W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn animal's gut microbiota plays an important role in host health, reproduction and digestion. However, many studies focus on only a few individuals or a single species, limiting our ability to recognize emergent patterns across a wider taxonomic grouping. Here, we compiled and reanalysed published 16S rRNA gene sequence data for 745 gut microbiota samples from 91 reptile species using a uniform bioinformatics pipeline to draw broader conclusions about the taxonomy of the reptile gut microbiota and the forces shaping it. Our meta‐analysis revealed the significant differences in alpha‐ and beta‐diversity across host order, environment, diet, habitat and conservation status, with host diet and order contributing the most to these differences. We identified the principal bacterial phyla present in the reptile gut microbiota as Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria (mostly Gamma class), and Firmicutes, and detected the bacterial genus Bacteroides in most reptile individuals, thus representing a putative ‘core’ microbiota. Our study provides novel insights into key drivers of the reptile gut microbiota, highlights existing knowledge gaps and lays the groundwork for future research on these fascinating hosts and their associated microbes.
Registries in pediatric anesthesiology: A brief history and a new way forward
Authors: Nelson Olivia , Wang Jue T. , Matava Clyde T. , Stricker Paul A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClinical registries are multicenter prospective observational datasets that have been used to examine current perioperative practices in pediatric anesthesia. These datasets have proven useful in quantifying the incidence of rare adverse outcomes. Data from registries can highlight associations between severe patient safety events and patient and procedure‐related risk factors. Registries are an effective tool to delineate practices and outcomes in niche patient populations. They have been used to quantify uncommon complications of medications and procedures. Registries can be used to generate knowledge and to support quality improvement. Multicenter engagement can promote best clinical practices and foster professional networks. Registries are limited by their observational nature, which entails a lack of randomization as well as selection and treatment bias. The maintenance of registries over time can be challenging due to difficulties in modifying the included variables, collaborator fatigue, and continued outlay of resources to maintain the database and onboard new sites. These latter issues can lead to decreased data quality. In this article, we discuss key insights from several pediatric anesthesia registries and propose a new type of registry that addresses some shortcomings of the current paradigm.
The exocyst subunit CsExo70B promotes both fruit length and disease resistance via regulating receptor kinase abundance at plasma membrane in cucumber
Authors: Liu Liu , Chen Jiacai , Gu Chaoheng , Wang Shaoyun , Xue Yufan , Wang Zhongyi , Han Lijie , Song Weiyuan , Liu Xiaofeng , Zhang Jiahao , Li Min , Li Chuang , Wang Liming , Zhang Xiaolan , Zhou Zhaoyang 
Published: October 2023

SummaryPlant defence against pathogens generally occurs at the expense of growth and yield. Uncoupling the inverse relationship between growth and defence is of great importance for crop breeding, while the underlying genes and regulatory mechanisms remain largely elusive. The exocytosis complex was shown to play an important role in the trafficking of receptor kinases (RKs) to the plasma membrane (PM). Here, we found a Cucumis sativus exocytosis subunit Exo70B (CsExo70B) regulates the abundance of both development and defence RKs at the PM to promote fruit elongation and disease resistance in cucumber. Knockout of CsExo70B resulted in shorter fruit and susceptibility to pathogens. Mechanistically, CsExo70B associates with the developmental RK CsERECTA, which promotes fruit longitudinal growth in cucumber, and contributes to its accumulation at the PM. On the other side, CsExo70B confers to the spectrum resistance to pathogens in cucumber via a similar regulatory module of defence RKs. Moreover, CsExo70B overexpression lines showed an increased fruit yield as well as disease resistance. Collectively, our work reveals a regulatory mechanism that CsExo70B promotes both fruit elongation and disease resistance by maintaining appropriate RK levels at the PM and thus provides a possible strategy for superior cucumber breeding with high yield and robust pathogen resistance.
Nearly unstable integer‐valued ARCH process and unit root testing
Authors: Barreto‐Souza Wagner , Chan Ngai Hang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a Nearly Unstable INteger‐valued AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (NU‐INARCH) process for dealing with count time series data. It is proved that a proper normalization of the NU‐INARCH process weakly converges to a Cox–Ingersoll–Ross diffusion in the Skorohod topology. The asymptotic distribution of the conditional least squares estimator of the correlation parameter is established as a functional of certain stochastic integrals. Numerical experiments based on Monte Carlo simulations are provided to verify the behavior of the asymptotic distribution under finite samples. These simulations reveal that the nearly unstable approach provides satisfactory and better results than those based on the stationarity assumption even when the true process is not that close to nonstationarity. A unit root test is proposed and its Type‐I error and power are examined via Monte Carlo simulations. As an illustration, the proposed methodology is applied to the daily number of deaths due to COVID‐19 in the United Kingdom.
Covariance‐based soft clustering of functional data based on the Wasserstein–Procrustes metric
Authors: Masarotto Valentina , Masarotto Guido 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider the problem of clustering functional data according to their covariance structure. We contribute a soft clustering methodology based on the Wasserstein–Procrustes distance, where the in‐between cluster variability is penalized by a term proportional to the entropy of the partition matrix. In this way, each covariance operator can be partially classified into more than one group. Such soft classification allows for clusters to overlap, and arises naturally in situations where the separation between all or some of the clusters is not well‐defined. We also discuss how to estimate the number of groups and to test for the presence of any cluster structure. The algorithm is illustrated using simulated and real data. An R implementation is available in the Appendix .
Urbanization, education, and religion: Rationalization and erosion of political trust in Asia
Authors: Zhang Tony Huiquan , Jiang Anli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSecularization, expansion of higher education, and urbanization have led to disenchantment with politics and the erosion of political trust in many societies. Religion may continue to be salient, however, how these forces interact with enduring religious influences to shape political trust is unclear. This paper examines the issue using Asian Barometer Survey (2001–2016) data with hierarchical age–period–cohort (HAPC) models. Our results show supportive evidence for the following findings: in East and Southeast Asia, urbanization is associated with less political trust for most religions except Islam; education is associated with less political trust; education's effect is the most salient for the atheists and Buddhists, but it disappears among the Muslims. The findings suggest the power of modernization and secularization significantly differs across cultures and religions. We should not simply perceive religion as a universally conservative force; instead, we need to understand religions through an integrated macro‐micro perspective by situating it in the social contexts.