bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FINANCIAL MARKET IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: RISKS, STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Authors: Филимонова Н.Н. , Синяков Д.М. , Саркисян К.М. 
Published: December 2023

В статье проводится исследование рисков и тенденций современного глобального финансового рынка. Глобальная экономическая активность резко замедляется в результате синхронизированного ужесточения денежно-кредитной политики для сдерживания очень высокой инфляции, менее благоприятных финансовых условий и проблем с глобальной финансовой логистикой. Глобальный рост замедлится с 2,9 % в 2022 году до 1,7 % в 2023 году. В прогнозе есть несколько негативных рисков, включая возможность более высокой инфляции, еще более жесткой денежно-кредитной политики, финансового стресса и роста геополитической напряженности в мире. Чтобы смягчить последствия недавних негативных потрясений и способствовать устойчивому и инклюзивному восстановлению, директивным органам необходимо уделять приоритетное внимание реформам, поддерживающим долгосрочные перспективы роста и укрепляющим устойчивость уязвимых групп. Это особенно актуально в условиях пандемии и обострения внешнеполитических отношений.
The article examines the risks and trends of the modern global financial market. Global economic activity is slowing sharply as a result of a synchronized tightening of the monetary policy to contain very high inflation, less favorable financial conditions and problems with global financial logistics. Global growth will slow from 2.9 % in 2022 to 1.7 % in 2023. There are several downside risks to the outlook, including the possibility of higher inflation, even tighter monetary policy, financial stress, and rising geopolitical tensions around the world. To cushion the effects of recent negative shocks and promote a resilient and inclusive recovery, policymakers need to prioritize reforms that support long-term growth prospects and strengthen the resilience of vulnerable groups. This is especially true in the context of the pandemic and the aggravation of foreign policy relations.
RISKS OF VOLUNTARY HEALTH INSURANCE AND LEGALIZATION OF PARALLEL IMPORTS IN RUSSIA: STRATEGIES FOR SOLUTIONS
Authors: Красновский В.В. , Бирюков А.С. 
Published: December 2023

Статья описывает риски, связанные с добровольным медицинским страхованием и легализацией параллельного импорта лекарств в России, а также возможные стратегии их решения. Авторы обращают внимание на растущую потребность в добровольном медицинском страховании и необходимость защиты интересов потребителей и страховых компаний, анализируют негативные последствия легализации параллельного импорта лекарств и предлагают меры по борьбе с нелицензированными поставщиками. Дополнительно предложены меры, которые могут быть предприняты для снижения рисков для потребителей и страховых компаний в сфере добровольного медицинского страхования, такие как ужесточение нормативно-правовых актов и контроля за их выполнением. Анализируется опыт других стран, которые уже столкнулись с подобными рисками. Обсуждаются перспективы развития рынка добровольного медицинского страхования и параллельного импорта лекарств в России. Статья может быть полезна для специалистов в области медицинского страхования и фармацевтики, а также для государственных органов и общественных организаций, которые занимаются регулированием рынка здравоохранения в России.
The article describes the risks associated with voluntary health insurance and the legalization of parallel importation of drugs in Russia, as well as possible strategies to address them. The authors draw attention to the growing need for voluntary health insurance and the need to protect the interests of consumers and insurance companies, analyze the negative consequences of the legalization of parallel imports of medicines and propose measures to combat unlicensed suppliers. Additionally, the article describes measures that can be taken to reduce the risks for consumers and insurance companies in the field of voluntary health insurance, such as tightening regulations and monitoring their implementation. The experience of other countries that have already faced similar risks is analyzed. The authors discuss the prospects for the development of the voluntary health insurance market and the parallel importation of drugs in Russia in the future. The article may be useful for specialists in the field of health insurance and pharmaceuticals, as well as for state authorities and public organizations that are involved in regulating the health care market in Russia.
INSTITUTE FOR COMPENSATION OF HARM FOR ERRONEOUS CONVICTION IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Authors: Ткачёв А.В. 
Published: December 2023

В статье проведено исследование института компенсации за ошибочное осуждение в США, Великобритании и Германии. Обращено внимание на различное понимание понятия «реабилитация» в разных странах. Указаны способы получения компенсации за ошибочное осуждение в штатах США, в которых отсутствуют законы о реабилитации. Описаны основные формы экономической и неэкономической компенсации, предоставляемые ошибочно осужденным лицам в соответствии с законодательством штатов США. Рассмотрены основные процессуальные проблемы получения компенсации за незаконное осуждение в США и Великобритании, связанные с необходимостью доказывания факта несовершения преступления лицом после вынесения в отношении него оправдательного приговора. Подробно проанализирован специальный закон Германии о компенсации за меры уголовного преследования от 1971 года: описаны субъекты права на компенсацию, меры уголовного преследования, применение которых является основанием для выплаты компенсации, процедура и сроки получения компенсации, ее содержание и объем, а также обстоятельства, препятствующие получению компенсации, обстоятельства, влекущие приостановление выплаты компенсации или ее возврат. Сделан вывод о необходимости заимствования некоторых положений зарубежного законодательства с целью совершенствования института реабилитации в России.
The article addresses the mechanism of compensation for erroneous conviction in the USA, Great Britain and Germany. Attention is drawn to the different understanding of the concept of “rehabilitation” in different countries. The ways of obtaining compensation for erroneous conviction in the US states in which there are no laws on rehabilitation are indicated. The article describes the main forms of economic and non-economic compensation provided to wrongly convicted persons in accordance with the legislation of the US states. The main procedural problems of obtaining compensation for an illegal conviction in the United States and the United Kingdom are considered, related to the need to prove that a person has not committed a crime after an acquittal has been passed against him. The special German law on compensation for criminal prosecution measures of 1971 is analyzed in detail: the subjects of the right to compensation, the criminal prosecution measures, the application of which is the basis for the payment of compensation, the procedure and timing of receiving compensation, its content and scope, as well as the circumstances preventing the receipt of compensation, the circumstances entailing the suspension of payment of compensation or its refund. It is concluded that it is necessary to borrow some provisions of foreign legislation in order to improve the system of rehabilitation in Russia.
Green synthesis of silver nitrate (AgNO) mediated herbal antimicrobial aqueous extracts of Ocimum basilicum (Basil Leaves)
Authors: Rani Kirti 
Published: December 2023

Green antimicrobial herbal preparations have emerged as cost effective, non-toxic and sustainable approach that involves the use of eco-friendly and non-toxic plant herbs and spices extracts. Green synthesis of silver-treated herbal extracts of Ocimum basilicum (basil leaves extracts) is well known for its safe and cost-effective approach due to having antimicrobial activity to treat various influenza like symptoms, antistress and antidepressant properties. Herbal plant leaf extracts have also been reported to contain an active reducing agent that can reduce metal ions to synthesize biogenic metal nanoparticles. Silver itself, is well reported for their bactericidal properties and also enhance antimicrobial properties when used to prepare biogenic silver nanoparticles from herbal and other biological sources. Hence, we prepared silver nitrate (AgNO) mediated herbal formulations of (basil extracts) that showed significant antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli BL21 strain. Moreover, this green approach can be more promising to prepare antimicrobial of silver-treated formulations using Ocimum basilicum extracts. It might be safe and cost effective herbal based preparations including nanosuspensions that can further proposed for clinical practices to treat various microbial pathogenesis.
From Communal to Individual: Shifting Authorities of Family Dispute Resolution in Minangkabau Society
Authors: Arifki Budia Warman  , Elimartati  , Dodon Alfiander  , Ashabul Fadhli  , Wardatun Nabilah  
Published: December 2023

This study aims to explain the shift of authority in resolving family disputes in Minangkabau society. At least three authorities are involved in resolving family issues in Minangkabau: religious authority, represented by leaders with religious knowledge; customary authority, held by leaders with their own laws; and state authority, enforced by judges in court based on laws and regulations. This research is a field study with a socio-legal approach. The study examined Minangkabau households in both rural and urban areas, utilizing questionnaires and in-depth interviews to collect data from individuals involved in household disputes. The data were then reduced, presented and verified. This study found that in addition to using the three long-standing authorities in Minangkabau society, disputants are more likely to use individual authority in resolving their family disputes. The disputants are more likely to resolve their family problems independently without involving religious leaders, customary leaders, or religious court judges. The tendency towards individual authority is more prevalent in urban communities. The strengthening of individual authority coincides with the weakening of the formal institutions of the three authorities in Minangkabau society. The factors contributing to the diminishment of these authorities include modernisation, technological advancements, and digitalisation which incentivises the involved parties to logically settle their disputes for their individual gains and aspirations. Based on the research findings, the current study confirms that the shift in family dispute resolution authority indicates that there has been a shift from extended to core family patterns in Minangkabau society
Teacher Creativity in Implementing Indonesian Language Learning Using Cursive Letter Writing
Authors: Khusna Zuhaida  , Rakanita Dyah Ayu Kinesti  
Published: December 2023

This qualitative research aims to explore the teacher's creativity in implementing Indonesian language learning through cursive letters at MI Nahdlatul Ulama 01 Purwosari Kudus and its impact. The study involved the school principal, the Class III Indonesian language teacher, and 28 Class III students. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings revealed that the teacher's creativity in teaching Indonesian language through cursive letters involved the use of a scientific approach and the alternating habituation method accompanied by ice-breaking activities. Media such as posters, whiteboards, and fine notepads were also employed. The positive impacts of this implementation included increased student enthusiasm, improved and neater student writing, and gradual enhancements in learning outcomes for cursive letter writing. However, negative impacts were observed in the prolonged time needed for the process and the perceived difficulty in writing cursive letters, posing a distinct obstacle for students.
School Culture-Based Internalization of Nationalism and Religious Characters in Islamic Elementary School
Authors: Hariyono  , Ismail SM  , M. Agung Hidayatulloh  , Miftachul Huda  
Published: December 2023

The character of nationalism and religion forms the identity of the younger generation, not solely as knowledge but also as manifested in action. This study aims to unveil the culture of nationalism and religious character at Nasima Elementary School (SD Nasima) in Semarang. A qualitative case study methodology involving observation, interviews, and documentation was employed. The findings highlight that school residents perceive nationalism and religion as an environment characterized by nuanced patriotism and religious commitment, shaping the core values of the school. The internalization of nationalism and religious characters is evident through the attitudes and behavior of school residents during commemoration and celebration activities, engagements reflecting nationalism and religious character, appreciation for the diversity of Nusantara culture, and discipline in executing activities related to these characters. The habitual integration of these characters is discernible in various facets, including daily routines, incidental programs, learning activities, extracurricular engagements, and environmental conditions. The results suggest that learning transcends the cognitive domain; character development, as an essential aspect of the affective domain, emerges as a crucial facet in education.
Performance assessment: Improving metacognitive ability in mathematics learning
Authors: Mertasari Ni Made Sri , Sastri Ni Luh Putu Pranena , Pascima Ida Bagus Nyoman 
Published: December 2023

This study aims to examine the improvement of metacognitive abilities in learning mathematics through a variety of formative assessments. The study applied an experimental approach with a pre- and post-tests control group design. Six classes of students were chosen by cluster random sampling as the sample, with two classes serve as the experimental group with performance assessments, two classes serve as the comparison group with essay assessments and two additional classes serve as the control group with multiple choice assessments. The instrument to measure metacognitive ability was developed specifically for the pre-and post-tests. The gain score was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and continued with the Scheffe test. The study discovered that students who participated in learning with formative assessments of performance showed the highest levels of metacognitive skills followed by those who participated in learning with formative assessments of essays and those who participated in learning with formative assessments of multiple-choice questions came in third. These findings lead to the conclusion that formative assessment of performance has a positive effect on improving metacognitive abilities. According to the characteristics of learning mathematics, this situation might happen because the performance evaluation includes activities that are difficult, comprehensive and associated with daily life. In addition, performance assessment also has intrinsic value because it requires students to organize and present material in their own way. It is recommended that mathematics teachers use formative performance assessments in order to enhance cognitive capacities.
Clinical Predictors of Cardiac Arrest in COVID 19 Patients with History of Heart Failure
Authors: Marwaha Bharat , Mahata Indrajeet , Kumar Navneet , Singh Goldendeep , Amritphale Amod 
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the healthcare system across the globe, leading to more than 6.9 million deaths in the past four years. Cardiac Arrest is a terminal event with associated significantly high morbidity and mortality across age groups.

Multiple clinical parameters, organ dysfunction, and chronic co-morbid conditions impact mortality in COVID-19 patients with heart failure. In this retrospective, administrative dataset-based study on 148899 patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 and heart failure diagnosis, we reported 6703 cardiac arrests and 5783 mortality. We have used ICD 10 codes to identify the diagnosis.
The primary objective of the study is to find the predictors of Cardiac Arrest among patients admitted to hospitals with COVID-19 and heart failure. Secondary objective is to calculate the percentage of cardiac Arrest and mortality across the various age groups and the correlation of hours on the mechanical ventilator and mortality.

Study results have shown that the use of a mechanical ventilator has the strongest co-correlation with cardiac Arrest with an odd ratio of 14.4, followed by septic shock with an odd ratio of 5.6, tension pneumothorax with an odd ratio of 4.9 preceding the acute renal failure with an odd ratio of 2.4 and sepsis 2.3. Complete heart block had an odd ratio of 1.9, followed by ESRD with a ratio of 1.6, acute pulmonary embolism with an odd ratio of 1.5, and Type 2 MI with an odd ratio of 1.49. Chronic co-morbid condition of DM had an odd ratio of 1.3, followed by Atrial fibrillation with an odd ratio of 1.1.
These results and findings emphasized that multi-organ failure has a huge impact on cardiac Arrest among COVID-19 patients with heart failure.
Digital Inclusion for People with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Review of the Current Legal Models and Doctrinal Concepts
Authors: Hutson J. , Hutson P. 
Published: December 2023

Objective: today, a significant part of professional tasks are performed in the digital environment, on digital platforms, in virtual and other meetings. This necessitates a critical reflection of traditional views on the problem of accessible environment and digital accessibility, taking into account the basic universal needs of persons with disabilities.Methods: a gap between the traditional legal perspective on special working conditions for persons with disabilities and the urgent need of a digital workplace (digital environment) clearly shows lacunas in the understanding of accessibility, which are identified and explored with formal-legal and doctrinal methods. The multifaceted aspects of digital inclusion are revealed based on an informative approach to legislation. It leads, among other things, to searching for recommendations which would fill this gap and contribute to the creation of a more inclusive and responsible legal, social and technological environment.Results: the research has led to a conclusion that the existing legal, social and technological paradigms need to be re-evaluated. This reevaluation should aim to develop a more inclusive and benevolent concept of accessible environment that takes into account the diversity of human experience and needs, and a wide range of behavioral and cognitive characteristics. Creating special conditions in the workplace for those with overt and covert health problems should become an integral part of the employer's focus, along with improving management efficiency.Scientific novelty: covert (hidden) health problems have traditionally been understudied, although they include a range of mental and physical impairments, which, like explicit health problems, vary in their origin, intensity, and permanent or episodic character. This study fills a gap in the issues of disability and its legal protection, taking into account the trend of digital inclusion, the dynamic labor activity of today, and the wide range of human abilities and needs.Practical significance: the aspects of hidden or latent disability considered in the study provide a different perspective at employment, focusing on the workplace conditions that could be created. Employers may be unaware of the need to create special working conditions for those with hidden health problems. This results in negative effects on unemployment, increased sick leave, limited opportunities in the workplace, and more. Employees are often reluctant to disclose their non-obvious health problems to employers; hence, employers should facilitate disclosure of such information by creating relevant conditions. Such an approach will contribute to the legal protection of this category of employees and to further development of the existing legislative regulation, since the latter does not fully comply with today's needs and changed reality.
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics: Key Issues and Modern Ways to Solve Them
Authors: Yadav N. 
Published: December 2023

Objective: modern achievements in the development and dissemination of digital technologies have attracted the attention of scholars and practitioners to the discussion of key ethical issues related to artificial intelligence and robotics. Hence, this study presents the most relevant of these issues, posing new challenges for legal scholars and practitioners to develop the regulation of artificial intelligence and robotics in terms of technology moralization.Methods: the research used practice- and risk-oriented approaches, complemented by multidisciplinary analysis of documents (European principles and codes of ethics) and studies, including those devoted to various problems of artificial intelligence and robotics.Results: the article identifies key ethical issues in the field of artificial intelligence and robotics. It is established that the key ethical issues involved can be solved if they are legally formalized and implemented at the international level. The algorithm proposed by the author, based on the analysis of the digital technologies application, will allow improving the moral actions of technologies in the process of their decision making.Scientific novelty: the article presents the latest ethical problems that concern scientists and practitioners in the field of artificial intelligence and robotics, and the methods of their solution by ethical and legal means aimed at moralizing technology and increasing its responsibility.Practical significance: all solutions presented in the article have practical significance and are ready for wide implementation at the international level. Their formalization in normative form and subsequent compliance will reduce the harm that artificial intelligence may cause in applied fields, including robotics using artificial intelligence. Regulatory, including legislative, decisions must therefore be taken as soon as possible to ensure that artificial intelligence and robotics become reliable tools for these systems to be used at work, at home, and in other areas such as shopping centers, stores, schools, universities, etc.