bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The timing of durvalumab administration affects the risk of pneumonitis in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Zhenyi , Zhong Wen , Luo Yixuan , Wu Chunli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The PACIFIC study has demonstrated that the administration of durvalumab following concurrent chemoradiotherapy can significantly improve both overall survival and progression-free survival rates in patients with locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. While the latest NCCN guidelines recommend this combination regimen, they do not specify the optimal timing for administering durvalumab after completing radiotherapy. The PACIFIC study suggested initiating durvalumab within 42 days of completing radiotherapy, but early administration of the drug may increase the incidence of pneumonitis. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate whether the time interval between completion of radiotherapy and initiation of durvalumab treatment is associated with the risk of pneumonitis (Grade ≥ 3), which is the primary endpoint, as well as progression-free survival, which is the secondary endpoint.

Methods
A comprehensive search of clinical trials in PubMed and EMBASE was conducted up to March 2023 to identify clinical trials involving locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer patients who were treated with durvalumab following chemoradiotherapy. Meta-analysis was performed on single-arm studies to estimate the incidence of pneumonitis (Grade ≥ 3) and progression-free survival in all studies, as well as in studies that administered durvalumab within 42 days after completion of radiotherapy.

Results
This meta-analysis consisted of nine studies with a total of 2560 patients. The analysis showed that the incidence of pneumonitis (Grade ≥ 3) was 5.36% [95%CI (0.03, 0.08), I2 = 18.41%, p = 0.29], while the 1-year progression-free survival rate was 57.91% [95%CI (0.53, 0.63), I2 = 10.57%, p = 0.35]. Furthermore, when the duration between completion of radiotherapy and initiation of durvalumab treatment was shorter than 42 days, the incidence of pneumonitis (Grade ≥ 3) was 4.12% [95%CI (0.02, 0.06), I2 = 0.00%, p = 0.56], with a 1-year progression-free survival rate of 61.03% [95%CI (0.51, 0.71), I2 = 59.06%, p = 0.09].

Conclusion
Overall, based on the available evidence, it appears that there is no significant increase in pneumonitis or decrease in progression-free survival (PFS) when the time interval is less than 42 days and a shorter interval between treatment sessions does not necessarily have a detrimental effect on the rate of pneumonitis. We recommend that clinicians carefully evaluate the specific circumstances of each patient to determine the optimal timing for initiating immunotherapy.
High number of hypoglycaemic episodes identified by CGM among home-dwelling older people with diabetes: an observational study in Norway
Authors: Fløde Mari , Hermann Monica , Haugstvedt Anne , Søfteland Eirik , Igland Jannicke , Åsberg Anders , Jenssen Trond Geir , Graue Marit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
A scoping review from 2021 identified a lack of studies on the incidence, prevention and management of hypoglycaemia in home-dwelling older people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and duration of hypoglycaemic episodes measured by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in older people with diabetes who received home care and who were treated with glucose-lowering medications, and to compare the frequency and duration of hypoglycaemic episodes between subgroups of the study population according to demographic and clinical variables.

Methods
This was an observational study investigating the occurrence of hypoglycaemia in people with diabetes aged ≥ 65 years. Data were collected using blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM, iPro2) for 5 consecutive days. Frequency and duration of hypoglycaemic episodes were assessed using a sensor glucose cut-off value of 3.9 mmol/L. A blood sample for measurement of HbA1c and creatinine-based eGFR (CKD-EPI) was obtained during the monitoring period. Demographic and clinical data were collected from electronic patient records.

Results
Fifty-six individuals were enrolled (median age 82 years and 52% were men). Of the 36 participants who were treated with insulin, 33% had at least one hypoglycaemic episode during the five-day period. Among 18 participants who neither used insulin nor sulfonylurea, but other glucose-lowering medications, 44% had at least one hypoglycaemicepisode. Of those with hypoglycaemic episodes, 86% lived alone. The median duration of the hypoglycaemia was 1 h and 25 min, ranging from 15 min to 8 h and 50 min.

Conclusion
This study identified an unacceptably high number of unknown hypoglycaemic episodes among older home-dwelling people with diabetes receiving home care, even among those not using insulin or sulfonylurea. The study provides essential knowledge that can serve as a foundation to improve the treatment and care for this vulnerable patient group. The routines for glucose monitoring and other prevention tasks need to be considered more comprehensively, also, among those treated with glucose-lowering medications other than insulin.
Innovative communication approaches for initializing pediatric palliative care: perspectives of family caregivers and treating specialists
Authors: Hrdlickova Lucie , Polakova Kristyna , Loucka Martin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Effective cooperation between a pediatric palliative care team (PPCT), primary treating specialists, patients and families is crucial for high quality care of children with complex life-limiting conditions. Several barriers among patients, families and treating specialists have been identified in the context of initializing pediatric palliative care. The aim of the study was to assess the experience with initial pediatric palliative care consultations from perspectives of family caregivers and treating physicians with a special focus on two innovative approaches: attendance of the treating specialist and the opportunity for parents to give feedback on the written report from the consultation.

Methods
This was a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with family caregivers of children with malignant and non-malignant disease and their treating specialists. Framework analysis was used to guide the data collection and data analysis.

Results
In total, 12 family caregivers and 17 treating specialists were interviewed. Four main thematic categories were identified: (1) expectations, (2) content and evaluation, (3) respect and support from the team and (4) consultation outcomes. Parents viewed the consultation as a unique opportunity to discuss difficult topics. They perceived the attendance of the treating specialist at the initial consultation as very important for facilitating communication. Treating specialists valued the possibility to learn more about psychosocial issues of the child and the family while attending the initial palliative care consultation. All participants perceived the written report from the consultation as useful for further medical decisions. Family members appreciated the chance to give feedback on the consultation report.

Conclusions
Our study identified several clinically relevant issues that can help initialize pediatric palliative care and establish effective collaboration between families and PPCT and treating specialists. Supporting treating specialists in their ability to explain the role of palliative care is important in order to reduce the risk of misunderstanding or unrealistic expectations. Developing more specific expectations seems to be one of the ways to further increase the effectiveness of initial consultations. The results of the study can be especially helpful for the initial phase of implementing pediatric palliative care and initializing the process of setting up a collaborative relationship with palliative care teams in the hospital.
Bronchial epithelial gene expression and interstitial lung abnormalities
Authors: Menon Aravind A. , Lee Minyi , Ke Xu , Putman Rachel K. , Hino Takuya , Rose Jonathan A. , Duan Fenghai , Ash Samuel Y. , Cho Michael H. , O’Connor George T. , Dupuis Josée , Hatabu Hiroto , Lenburg Marc E. , Billatos Ehab S. , Hunninghake Gary M. ,   the DECAMP Investigators, Spira Avi , Moses Elizabeth , Beane Jennifer , Campbell Josh , Cunningham Jack , Liu Gang , Liu Hanqiao , Zhang Sherry , Zhang Jiarui , Shi Xingyi , Merenstein Carter , Zhao Yue , Aberle Denise , Schnall Mitchell , Apgar Charles , Mahon Irene , Dymond Lindsey , Bauza Joe , Gevo Sarah , Gastonis Constantine , Marquez Helga , Elashoff David , Wistuba Ignacio , Kadara Humam , Fujimoto Junya , Dalgard Clifton , Wilkerson Matthew , Aberle Denise , Washko George , Kinsey Charles M. , Fine Denise , Goldstein Ron , LaCerda Kathleen , Battaile John , Kroll Mitchell , Keith Bob , Jackson Mary , Dubinett Steve , Lee Gina , Aryanfar Babak , Corona Rafael , Vachani Anil , Soloman Sam , Atwood Charles , Owens Gregory , Edvardsson Hanna , Massion Pierre , Helton Trey , Reid Mary , Kuzniewski Chris , Carmichael Jacob , LaPerriere Holly , ScottParrish J. , White Lindsey , Kaur Anna , Browning Robert , Nelissery Maggie , Akanni Folashade , Rojas Luis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) often represent early fibrotic changes that can portend a progressive fibrotic phenotype. In particular, the fibrotic subtype of ILA is associated with increased mortality and rapid decline in lung function. Understanding the differential gene expression that occurs in the lungs of participants with fibrotic ILA may provide insight into development of a useful biomarker for early detection and therapeutic targets for progressive pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods
Measures of ILA and gene expression data were available in 213 participants in the Detection of Early Lung Cancer Among Military Personnel (DECAMP1 and DECAMP2) cohorts. ILA was defined using Fleischner Society guidelines and determined by sequential reading of computed tomography (CT) scans. Primary analysis focused on comparing gene expression in ILA with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern with those with no ILA.

Results
ILA was present in 51 (24%) participants, of which 16 (7%) were subtyped as ILA with a UIP pattern. One gene, pro platelet basic protein (PPBP) and seventeen pathways (e.g. TNF-α signalling) were significantly differentially expressed between those with a probable or definite UIP pattern of ILA compared to those without ILA. 16 of these 17 pathways, but no individual gene, met significance when comparing those with ILA to those without ILA.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that abnormal inflammatory processes are apparent in the bronchial airway gene expression profiles of smokers with and without lung cancer with ILA. Future studies with larger and more diverse populations will be needed to confirm these findings.
Measuring women’s experiences during antenatal care (ANC): scoping review of measurement tools
Authors: Mehrtash Hedieh , Stein Karin , Barreix Maria , Bonet Mercedes , Bohren Meghan A. , Tunçalp Özge 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The new WHO model for antenatal care (ANC) focuses on improving practice, organisation and delivery of ANC within health systems, which includes both clinical care and women’s experiences of care. The goal of this review is to identify tools and measures on women’s experiences of ANC.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review to identify tools and measures on women’s experiences of ANC. An iterative approach was used to review all tools in a series of four steps: (1) identify papers between 2007 and 2023; (2) identify the tools from these papers; (3) map relevant measures to conceptualizations of experiences of care, notably mistreatment of women and respectful maternity care and (4) identify gaps and opportunities to improve measures.

Results
Across the 36 tools identified, a total of 591 measures were identified. Of these, 292/591 (49.4%) measures were included and mapped to the typology of mistreatment of women used as a definition for women’s experiences care during ANC in this review, while 299/591 (44.9%) irrelevant measures were excluded. Across the included measures, the highest concentration was across the domains of poor rapport between women and providers (49.8%) followed by failure to meet professional standards of care (23.3%). Approximately, 13.9% of measures were around overall respectful care, followed by health systems (6.3%), and any physical or verbal abuse, stigma and/or discrimination (4.8%) .

Conclusion
This analysis provides an overview of the existing tools, gaps and opportunities to measure women’s experiences during ANC. Expanding beyond the childbirth period, these findings can be used to inform existing and future tools for research and monitoring measuring women’s experiences of ANC.
Prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection and knowledge, perceptions, and practices in blood donors in mainland Portugal
Authors: Rocha Rafael , Gonçalves Luzia , Conceição Cláudia , Andrade Patrícia , Cristóvão José Manuel , Condeço Jorge , Delgado Beatriz , Caeiro Cristina , Kuzmenko Tetyana , Vasconcelos Eugénia , Escoval Maria Antónia , Rey Carmen , Guz Madalina , Norte Cláudia , Aldeia Carlos , Cruz Diego , Maia Carla 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Asymptomatic infection is the most common outcome of exposure to Leishmania parasites. In the Mediterranean region, where Leishmania infantum is endemic, studies on the prevalence of asymptomatic infection have often relied on serological testing in blood donors. In Spain, regional studies have shown seroprevalence in blood donors between 1 and 8%; in Portugal, values of 0 and 2% were suggested by two localized studies, in different populations. The purpose of this study was (i) to estimate the prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors in mainland Portugal, and (ii) to study the association between the detection of antibodies to Leishmania and sociodemographic factors, and also the knowledge, perceptions and practices (KPP) of the blood donors regarding leishmaniasis.

Methods
A cross-sectional study targeted the population of people who donated blood in mainland Portugal. Participants, distributed proportionally by municipality and aged between 18 and 65 years, were selected randomly in 347 blood collection points between February and June 2022, and completed a sociodemographic and a KPP questionnaire. Detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in serum was performed using an ELISA commercial kit. Individual KPP scores were calculated by adding grades defined for each question.

Results
Globally, 201/3763 samples were positive. The estimated national true seroprevalence was 4.8% (95% CI 4.1–5.5%). The proportion of positive results was significantly different between NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions. Models suggested that seropositivity was significantly higher in male sex, people older than 25 years, or residing in the Centro NUTS2 region, but not in dog owners nor people with lower KPP scores. Overall, 72.3% of participants had previously heard of leishmaniasis and, in multivariate analysis, a higher Knowledge score was associated with age 25–40 years, female sex, ownership of dogs, and higher education.

Conclusions
Global estimated true seroprevalence (4.8%) was similar to previous regional studies in blood donors in neighboring Spain. Higher seroprevalence values in the NUTS2 Centro region were consistent with incidence data from humans and seroprevalence studies in dogs. On the other hand, the low values in the Alentejo and the high values in the northern subregions may be the result of geographical shifts in parasite circulation due to climate change and should prompt localized and integrated, vector, canine, and human research, following a One Health approach.

Graphical Abstract
Resistance profiles, virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of XDR S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium
Authors: Algammal Abdelazeem M. , El-Tarabili Reham M. , Abd El-Ghany Wafaa A. , Almanzalawi Enas A. , Alqahtani Tahani M. , Ghabban Hanaa , Al-otaibi Amenah S. , Alatfeehy Nayera M. , Abosleima Naira M. , Hetta Helal F. , Badawy Ghada A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAvian salmonellosis is concomitant with high financial crises in the poultry industry as well as food-borne illness in man. The present study is designed to investigate the emergence ofSalmonellaEnteritidis andSalmonellaTyphimurium in diseased broilers, resistance profiles, and monitoring virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Consequently, 450 samples (cloacal swabs, liver, and spleen) were collected from 150 diseased birds from different farms in Giza Governorate, Egypt. Subsequently, the bacteriological examination was done. Afterward, the obtainedSalmonellaisolates were tested for serogrouping, antibiogram, PCR monitoring of virulence (invA,stn,hilA, andpefA), and antimicrobial resistance genes (blaTEM,blaCTX-M,blaNDM,ermA,sul1,tetA, andaadA1). The total prevalence of Salmonellain the examined diseased broilers was 9.3%, and the highest prevalence was noticed in cloacal swabs. Among the recovered Salmonella isolates (n = 35), 20 serovars were recognized as S. Enteritidis and 15 serovars were identified as S. Typhimurium. Almost 60% of the retrieved S. Enteritidis serovars were extensively drug-resistant (XDR) to seven antimicrobial classes and inherited sul1,blaTEM,tetA,blaCTX-M,ereA, andaadA1 genes. Likewise, 25% of the recovered S.Enteritidis serovars were multidrug-resistant (MDR) to six classes and havesul1,blaTEM, tetA,blaCTX-M, andereA resistance genes. Also, 66.7% of the retrieved S. Typhimurium serovars were XDR to seven classes and have sul1, blaTEM,tetA,blaCTX-M,ereA, andaadA1 genes. Succinctly, this report underlined the reemergence of XDR S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis in broiler chickens. Meropenem and norfloxacin exposed a hopeful antimicrobial activity toward the re-emerging XDR S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis in broilers. Moreover, the recurrence of these XDRSalmonellastrains poses a potential public health threat.
A protocol for ongoing systematic scoping reviews of World Trade Center Health research
Authors: Concannon Thomas W. , Chari Ramya , Lee Justin , Hiatt Liisa , Faherty Laura J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program (“Program”) seeks to assess the inventory, quality, and impact of its funded research in the context of all clinical and translational research involving WTC populations. This paper presents a protocol for ongoing scoping reviews of WTC-related health research.

Methods
Using terms relevant to the September 11 attacks, we will search OVID MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Embase for records of peer-reviewed publications. Title, abstract, and full text screening will be used to exclude records according to a priori criteria. Data abstraction will be performed on all articles that meet inclusion criteria using a standardized query form that was developed in collaboration with NIOSH. A team of reviewers will be trained to abstract data from included articles. Articles will be double-reviewed, and disagreements will be adjudicated.

Results
We will summarize existing research involving WTC populations. The summary will assess the extent, nature, and signals of impact of WTC-related health research.

Conclusions
Our review will lay the groundwork for additional study of research impact by identifying population, clinical, and translational topics that can be assessed through future focused reviews. It will also support planning activities by Program policy makers and stakeholders as they work to achieve the Program’s research goals.

Systematic review registration
This publication serves as documentation of the protocol.
Stability and dynamics of a stochastic discrete fractional-order chaotic system with short memory
Authors: Ran Jie , Qiu Jixiu , Zhou Yonghui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a stochastic discrete fractional-order chaotic system with short memory is proposed, which possesses two equilibrium points. With the help of the Lyapunov function theory, some sufficient conditions for the stability in probability of the two equilibrium points are given. Secondly, the effects of fractional order and memory steps on the stability of the system are discussed. Finally, the path dynamical behavior of the system is investigated using numerical methods such as Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagram, phase diagram, and 0–1 test. The numerical simulation results validate the findings.
How are primary school computer science curricular reforms contributing to equity? Impact on student learning, perception of the discipline, and gender gaps
Authors: El-Hamamsy Laila , Bruno Barbara , Audrin Catherine , Chevalier Morgane , Avry Sunny , Zufferey Jessica Dehler , Mondada Francesco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Early exposure to Computer Science (CS) and Computational Thinking (CT) for all is critical to broaden participation and promote equity in the field. But how does the introduction of CS and CT into primary school curricula impact learning, perception, and gaps between groups of students?

Methodology
We investigate a CS-curricular reform and teacher Professional Development (PD) programme from an equity standpoint by applying hierarchical regression and structural equation modelling on student learning and perception data from three studies with, respectively, 1384, 2433 and 1644 grade 3–6 students (ages 7–11) and their 83, 142 and 95 teachers.

Results
Regarding learning, exposure to CS instruction appears to contribute to closing the performance gap between low-achieving and high-achieving students, as well as pre-existing gender gaps. Despite a lack of direct influence of what was taught on student learning, there is no impact of teachers’ demographics or motivation on student learning, with teachers’ perception of the CS-PD positively influencing learning. Regarding perception, students perceive CS and its teaching tools (robotics, tablets) positively, and even more so when they perceive a role model close to them as doing CS. Nonetheless, gender differences exist all around with boys perceiving CS more positively than girls despite access to CS education. However, access to CS-education affects boys and girls differently: larger gender gaps are closing (namely those related to robotics), while smaller gaps are increasing (namely those related to CS and tablets).

Conclusion
This article highlights how a CS curricular reform impacts learning, perception, and equity and supports the importance of (i) early introductions to CS for all; (ii) preparing teachers to teach CS all the while removing the influence of teacher demographics and motivation on student outcomes; and (iii) having developmentally appropriate activities that signal to all groups of students.