bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applications of moments of Dirichlet coefficients in elliptic curve families
Authors: Batterman Zoë , Jambhale Aditya , Miller Steven J. , Narayanan Akash L. , Sharma Kishan , Yang Andrew , Yao Chris 
Published: February 2024

The moments of the coefficients of elliptic curve [Formula: see text]-functions are related to numerous important arithmetic problems. Rosen and Silverman proved a conjecture of Nagao relating the first moment of one-parameter families satisfying Tate’s conjecture to the rank of the corresponding elliptic surface over [Formula: see text]; one can also construct families of moderate rank by finding families with large first moments. Michel proved that if [Formula: see text] is not constant, then the second moment of the family is of size [Formula: see text]; these two moments show that for suitably small support the behavior of zeros near the central point agree with that of eigenvalues from random matrix ensembles, with the higher moments impacting the rate of convergence. In his thesis, Miller noticed a negative bias in the second moment of every one-parameter family of elliptic curves over [Formula: see text] whose second moment had a (by him) calculable closed-form expression, specifically the first lower-order term which does not average to zero is on average negative. This Bias Conjecture has now been confirmed for many families; however, these are highly non-generic families as they are specially chosen so that the resulting Legendre sums can be determined. For cohomological reasons, each subsequent term in the second moment expansion is smaller than the previous by a factor on the order of [Formula: see text], and thus numerically, it is hard to see a term of size [Formula: see text] with a small negative average as it can be masked by a term of size [Formula: see text] which averages to zero. Inspired by the recent successes by Yang-Hui He, Kyu-Hwan Lee, Thomas Oliver, Alexey Pozdnyakov and others in investigations of murmurations of elliptic curve coefficients with machine learning techniques, we pose a similar problem for trying to understand the Bias Conjecture. As a start to this program, we numerically investigate the bias conjecture and provide a visual representation of the bias for the second moment. We find a one-parameter family of elliptic curves whose bias is positive for half the primes. However, the numerics do not offer conclusive evidence that negative bias for the other half is enough to overwhelm the positive bias. Without an explicit expansion for the second moment, we are not able to extract potential negative bias of the order [Formula: see text] term.
Neurological Disorders in Takotsubo Syndrome: Clinical Phenotypes and Outcomes
Authors: Santoro Francesco , Núñez Gil Iván J. , Arcari Luca , Vitale Enrica , Martino Tommaso , El‐Battrawy Ibrahim , Guerra Federico , Novo Giuseppina , Mariano Enrica , Musumeci Beatrice , Cacciotti Luca , Caldarola Pasquale , Montisci Roberta , Ragnatela Ilaria , Cetera Rosa , Vedia Oscar , Blanco Emilia , Pais Javier Lopez , Martin Agustin , Pérez‐Castellanos Alberto , Salamanca Jorge , Bartolomucci Francesco , Akin Ibrahim , Thiele Holger , Eitel Ingo , Stiermaier Thomas , Brunetti Natale Daniele 
Published: February 2024

Background
Neurological disorders as a risk factor for Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) are not well characterized. The aim of the study was to evaluate TTS‐associated neurological phenotypes and outcome.

Methods and Results
Patients with TTS enrolled in the international multicenter GEIST (German Italian Spanish Takotsubo) registry were analyzed. Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and short‐ and long‐term outcomes of patients with TTS were recorded. A subgroup analysis of the 5 most represented neurological disorders was performed.

In total, 400 (17%) of 2301 patients had neurological disorders. The most represented neurological conditions were previous cerebrovascular events (39%), followed by neurodegenerative disorders (30.7%), migraine (10%), epilepsy (9.5%), and brain tumors (5%). During hospitalization, patients with neurological disorders had longer in‐hospital stay (8 [interquartile range, 5–12] versus 6 [interquartile range, 5–9] days;
P
<0.01) and more often experienced in‐hospital complications (27% versus 16%;
P
=0.01) mainly driven by cardiogenic shock and in‐hospital death (12% versus 7.6% and 6.5% versus 2.8%, respectively; both
P
<0.01). Survival analysis showed a higher mortality rate in neurological patients both at 60 days and long‐term (8.8% versus 3.4% and 23.5% versus 10.1%, respectively; both
P
<0.01). Neurological disorder was an independent predictor of both the 60‐day and long‐term mortality rate (odds ratio, 1.78 [95% CI, 1.07–2.97];
P
=0.02; hazard ratio, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.33–2.22]; both
P
<0.001). Patients with neurodegenerative disorders had the worst prognosis among the neurological disease subgroups, whereas patients with TTS with migraine had a favorable prognosis (long‐term mortality rates, 29.2% and 9.7%, respectively).

Conclusions
Neurological disorders identify a high‐risk TTS subgroup for enhanced short‐ and long‐term mortality rate. Careful recognition of neurological disorders and phenotype is therefore needed.
BNPower: a power calculation tool for data-driven network analysis for whole-brain connectome data
Authors: Bi Chuan , Nichols Thomas , Lee Hwiyoung , Yang Yifan , Ye Zhenyao , Pan Yezhi , Hong Elliot , Kochunov Peter , Chen Shuo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Network analysis of whole-brain connectome data is widely employed to examine systematic changes in connections among brain areas caused by clinical and experimental conditions. In these analyses, the connectome data, represented as a matrix, are treated as outcomes, while the subject conditions serve as predictors. The objective of network analysis is to identify connectome subnetworks whose edges are associated with the predictors. Data-driven network analysis is a powerful approach that automatically organizes individual predictor-related connections (edges) into subnetworks, rather than relying on pre-specified subnetworks, thereby enabling network-level inference. However, power calculation for data-driven network analysis presents a challenge due to the data-driven nature of subnetwork identification, where nodes, edges, and model parameters cannot be pre-specified before the analysis. Additionally, data-driven network analysis involves multivariate edge variables and may entail multiple subnetworks, necessitating the correction for multiple testing (e.g., family-wise error rate (FWER) control). To address this issue, we developed BNPower, a user-friendly power calculation tool for data-driven network analysis. BNPower utilizes simulation analysis, taking into account the complexity of the data-driven network analysis model. We have implemented efficient computational strategies to facilitate data-driven network analysis, including subnetwork extraction and permutation tests for controlling FWER, while maintaining low computational costs. The toolkit, which includes a graphical user interface and source codes, is publicly available at the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/bichuan0419/brain_connectome_power_tool
Impact of Assimilation of the Tropical Cyclone Strong Winds Observed by Synthetic Aperture Radar on Analyses and Forecasts
Authors: Ikuta Yasutaka , Shimada Udai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A few high-wind observations have been obtained from satellites over the ocean around tropical cyclones (TCs), but the impact of data assimilation of such observations over the sea on forecasting has not been clear. The spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides high-resolution and wide-area ocean surface wind speed data around the center of a TC. In this study, the impact of data assimilation of the ocean surface wind speed of SAR (OWSAR) on regional model forecasts was investigated. The assimilated data were estimated from SAR on board Sentinel-1 and RADARSAT-2. The bias of OWSAR depends on wind speed, the observation error variance depends on wind speed and incidence angle, and the spatial observation error correlation depends on the incidence angle. The observed OWSAR is screened using the variational quality control method with the Huber norm. In the case of Typhoon Hagibis (2019), OWSAR assimilation modified the TC low-level inflow, which also modified the TC upper-level outflow. The propagation of this OWSAR assimilation effect from the surface to the upper troposphere was given by a four-dimensional variational method that searches for the optimal solution within strong constraints on the time evolution of the forecast model. Statistical validation confirmed that errors in the TC intensity forecast decreased over lead times of 15 h, but this was not statistically significant. The validation using wind profiler observations showed that OWSAR assimilation significantly improved the accuracy of wind speed predictions from the middle to the upper level of the troposphere.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the impact of the assimilation of ocean surface wind speed by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) on regional model predictions. In the case of tropical cyclones, ocean surface wind speed assimilation modified inflows in the lower layer and outflows in the upper layer. The results indicate that the SAR assimilation improves the accuracy of wind speed forecasts in the middle to upper troposphere.
Prevalence and correlates of post‐traumatic stress disorder among internal displaced people in Qoloji Camps, Somali regional state, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Muhummed Abdi Mahamed , Jibril Meka Kedir , Yimam Ahmed Adem , Ali Seid Yimam 
Published: February 2024

Objectives This study assessed the prevalence and correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among internally displaced people (IDP) in the Qoloji Camp, Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 20 to November 5, 2021. The study utilized systematic random sampling to identify 410 IDP participants from the Qoloji Camp. PTSD was measured using the PTSD Check-list for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Bivariate analysis was performed to determine the crude odds ratio, and multivariate analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios for associations between PTSD and independent variables. Results A total of 404 participants were interviewed (98.5% response rate). The estimated prevalence of PTSD symptoms was 41.1%. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, several factors were significantly associated with PTSD: being female (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.39-4.44), lack of food and water (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.17, 4.23), destruction of personal property (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.62-6.09), and experiencing torture or beatings (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.01‐3.28). Conclusion This study found a high prevalence of PTSD symptoms among IDPs, with factors such as female sex, property destruction, deprivation of essential goods and services, and experiences of torture or beatings significantly associated with those symptoms. To address these findings, prioritizing the well-being of IDPs with a specific focus on women, on-site screening, and the establishment of a referral system to facilitate access to specialized care are essential to enhance the overall mental health of such persons.
Magnetic needle steering control using Lyapunov redesign
Authors: Pratt Richard L. , Petruska Andrew J. 
Published: February 2024

Using steerable needles to enable course correction and curved trajectories can improve surgical outcomes in numerous clinical interventions including electrode placement for deep brain stimulation. In this work, a physically motivated kinematic model for an actively steered magnetic-tipped needle is used in closed-loop control to perform insertion trajectories. The applied control law is derived using the Lyapunov redesign. Simulation results show this control method to be accurate for a wide range of conditions including randomized target trajectories. Control is performed experimentally in a brain tissue phantom for both initial position offset recovery and curved trajectories. Converged error results average 0.52 mm from target trajectory. Simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the control implementation, while experimental results exceed the accuracy required for the target application, encouraging future use in a clinical setting. Beyond needle insertion, this work has implications in general vehicle steering, as this model and control can apply to systems with similar kinematics such as boats and wheeled vehicles that could benefit from a relaxed slip constraint.
Combining an Anterolateral Complex Procedure With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Reduces the Graft Reinjury Rate and Improves Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Bosco Francesco , Giustra Fortunato , Masoni Virginia , Capella Marcello , Sciannameo Veronica , Camarda Lawrence , Massè Alessandro , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) is a well-established surgical procedure, but it may not always restore complete rotational knee stability. Interest is increasing in anterolateral complex (ALC) procedures, lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) and anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ALLR), in association with ACLR to overcome this problem. The better ALC procedure, LET or ALLR, remains controversial to date. Purpose: To analyze the patient-reported outcome measures and ACL reinjury rate after ACLR with an ALC procedure compared with after isolated ACLR, as well as to analyze the clinical results and graft failure rate of the LET group versus the ALLR group. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) flowchart was used to conduct a comprehensive search of 5 databases: Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Only randomized controlled trials were included. Eligible articles were classified according to the levels of evidence of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. A methodological quality assessment of randomized controlled trials was performed using the Risk of Bias 2 tool. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO. Results: A total of 14 clinical trials were included in the final analysis, with 1830 patients. Isolated ACLR or a combined procedure with LET or ALLR was performed, with several characteristics described, including the surgical technique, additional torn knee structures and their management, graft failure, complications, clinical outcomes, clinical and instrumental examinations to assess knee stability, and postoperative protocols. Regarding clinical outcomes, pivot-shift tests and reduced graft failure, a significant difference was found in the superiority of the combined ACLR associated with the ALC procedure compared with an isolated ACLR ( P < .05). No statistically significant difference was found between the 2 ALC procedures. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis reported on the importance of combined ACLR and ALC procedures in patients with a high-grade rotational laxity, as both procedures, LET or ALLR, without superiority of one over the other, are associated with improved pivot-shift tests, patient-reported outcome measures, and reduced graft failure rates.
Tendon Elongation and Function After Delayed or Standard Loading of Surgically Repaired Achilles Tendon Ruptures: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hoeffner Rikke , Agergaard Anne-Sofie , Svensson Rene B. , Cullum Camilla , Mikkelsen Rasmus Kramer , Konradsen Lars , Krogsgaard Michael , Boesen Mikael , Kjaer Michael , Magnusson S. Peter 
Published: February 2024

Background: Achilles tendon ruptures often result in long-term functional deficits despite accelerated (standard) rehabilitation. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to investigate if delayed loading would influence functional, clinical, and structural outcomes of the muscles and tendon 1 year after a surgical repair. It was hypothesized that delaying the loading would reduce the heel-rise height deficit 1 year after Achilles tendon rupture. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: In total, 48 patients with a surgically repaired Achilles tendon rupture were randomized to 2 groups: the standard group received the currently accepted rehabilitation, and the delayed group received the same rehabilitation except that initial loading was delayed by 6 weeks. The primary outcome was the heel-rise height difference between the injured and uninjured sides at 1 year. The secondary outcomes were (1) tendon length measured with magnetic resonance imaging, (2) muscle fascicle length and pennation angle of the gastrocnemius medialis muscle, (3) Doppler activity measured with ultrasonography, (4) Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), and (5) isometric muscle strength. Results: The mean heel-rise height deficits for the standard and delayed groups were −2.2 cm and −2.1 cm, respectively ( P = .719). The soleus part of the tendon was already elongated 1 week after surgery in both groups without a between-group difference (side-to-side difference: standard, 16.3 mm; delayed, 17.5 mm; P = .997) and did not change over 52 weeks. The gastrocnemius tendon length was unchanged at 1 week but elongated over time without a between-group difference (side-to-side difference at 52 weeks: standard, 10.5 mm; delayed, 13.0 mm; P = .899). The delayed group had less Doppler activity at 12 weeks ( P = .006) and a better ATRS (standard, 60 points; delayed, 72 points; P = .032) at 52 weeks. Conclusion: Delayed loading was not superior to standard loading in reducing the heel-rise height difference at 1 year. The data indirectly suggested reduced inflammation in the initial months and a better patient-reported outcome at 1 year in the delayed group. The soleus part of the tendon was already markedly elongated (35%) 1 week after surgery, while the length of the gastrocnemius tendon was unchanged at 1 week but was 6% elongated at 1 year. Together, these data indirectly suggest that the delayed group fared better, although this finding needs to be confirmed in future investigations. Registration: NCT04263493 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Incidence of Convergence Between Distally and Anteriorly Oriented ALL Femoral Tunnels and ACL Femoral Tunnels in Combined ACL and ALL Reconstruction: 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Analysis of 227 Patients
Authors: Suh Dae Keun , Kang Min Wook , Kim Tae Jin , Kim Si Yeon , Wang Joon Ho 
Published: February 2024

Background: Adjusting the direction of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) femoral tunnel is suggested to avoid tunnel convergence during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Yet, there has been no in vivo clinical study reporting the effect of changing the direction of the ALL tunnel on the incidence of convergence with the ACL tunnel. Purpose: To report the incidence of convergence between the ACL femoral tunnel and a distally and anteriorly directed ALL femoral tunnel and to determine a safe distal angle and anterior angle. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 227 patients undergoing concomitant ALL and anatomic single-bundle ACL reconstruction between January 2020 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The tunnel convergence rate, angular orientation of the tunnels, and distance between tunnels were obtained using postoperative computed tomography. The patients were grouped based on the direction of the ALL tunnel (transverse vs distal anterior) and the presence of tunnel convergence (convergence vs no convergence). Results: The overall tunnel convergence rate was 53.3% (121/227 patients). Tunnel convergence was observed less frequently in the distal anterior group (33.7%) than in the transverse group (65.2%) ( P < .001). The no convergence group showed an ALL tunnel oriented more distally (20.2°± 11.1°) and anteriorly (19.5°± 10.2°) compared with the convergence group (8.7°± 6.5° and 6.9°± 5.3°, respectively) ( P = .005 and P = .008, respectively). There were no cases of tunnel convergence for ALL tunnels >24.3° distally and >25.5° anteriorly. There was no difference in the angle of the ACL femoral tunnel between all groups. Conclusion: A distally and anteriorly directed ALL femoral tunnel reduced the incidence of convergence with the ACL femoral tunnel. A distal angle >24.3° and an anterior angle >25.5° of an ALL tunnel are suggested to safely avoid convergence with the ACL tunnel.
Ultrasonic welding of composite laminate GF/PA6: Weldability and weld quality by current and strength
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad , Golzar Mohammad , Akbari Davood , Karafi Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2024

Ultrasonic welding (USW) of thermoplastic composites is considered as an interesting joint technique, which can be cost-effective due to its short welding time. The paper focuses on studying the effect of USW current on strength and quality of welding. In this paper, the welding of thermoplastic unidirectional prepregs glass/polyamide 6 composites laminate with stacking sequence of (0/90/+45/−45/−45/+45/90/0) is conducted by USW. A flat energy director is used to concentrate the interface heat. To examine the interface microstructure, the current-time graph was utilized during welding processes, and the relationship between such interface events, consumed current, weld strength, weldability, and weld quality is fully investigated. Based on the results, the highest welding strength and welding quality of thermoplastic composites can be obtained when the energy director and the first layer of the composite are completely melted and no disorder is observed in the fibers. In addition, the highest joint strength equals to 24.46 MPa, which is obtained after 1830 ms welding time.