bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological characteristics and biofeedback mitigation in preadolescents with eating disorders
Authors: Pop‐Jordanova Nada 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Background: Anorexia and bulimia nervosa are considered to be the most serious eating disorders in female adolescents, with a multifactorial etiology and severe medical complications. It is interesting to investigate the specific relationships of these diseases to emotional stress, coping mechanisms and biofeedback mitigation.
Methods
: The study comprised 76 obese and 27 anorectic girls, as well as 35 healthy girls as a control group. Psychological assessment was performed using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Emotional Profile Index, General Anxiety Scale, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and Cornell Medical Index. The therapy was multimodal, including a biofeedback relaxation system based on electrodermal response (EDR).
Results
: Scores obtained from psychometric instruments, in particular concerning basic anxiety, intrafamily conflicts, self‐defense and depression, showed that anorexia nervosa and hyperphagia are specifically stress related. Personality characteristics and the environment, as models for habits, modified the manner of coping with stress differently for anorexia and hyperphagia. The EDR biofeedback was shown to be an effective support for mitigation of eating disorders in preadolescents, with better results for anorectic girls. The correlated difference in personality profiles suggested the use of specific animated sequences.
Conclusions
: The results confirmed the hypothesis that obesity and anorexia nervosa could be related to different types of emotional stress and coping mechanisms, and accordingly be differently mediated by biofeedback technique.
Influence of emission from rice straw burning on bronchial asthma in children
Authors: Torigoe, Katsumi , Hasegawa, Satoshi , Numata, Osamu , Yazaki, Satoshi , Matsunaga, Masamichi , Boku, Naoki , Hiura Makoto , Ino Haruyoshi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract

Background
: Emission from rice straw burning (ERSB) is observed everywhere after harvest of rice in Niigata Prefecture every year. Pediatricians and many guardians in this district have had the impression that ERSB may induce asthma attack. Recent studies have suggested that particulate air pollution plays a role in the exacerbation of asthma. The authors investigated relationship of ERSB to asthma attack in children.
Methods
: A questionnaire on rice straw burning (RSB) was circulated to guardians and pediatric institutions. Change in the monthly number of children with asthma attack (CAA) for 5 years from January 1994 to December 1998 was investigated. In addition, change in the number of CAA from the meteorologic conditions and RSB was investigated from the fourth week of August to the third week of September in 1996, 1997 and 1998. Challenge test exposure to ERSB was tried on a volunteer adult with chronic asthma. The situation of air pollution was examined by measuring suspended particulate matter (PM10). The relationship between PM10 and the number of CAA was studied.
Results
: A majority of the guardians had the impression that ERSB induces asthma attack. Pediatricians replied similarly to the questionnaire. The number of CAA visiting our emergency room and admitted to our ward increased in the season of RSB. The PM10 had a significant correlation with the number of CAA. It was suggested that the increase in CAA may be not due to the meteorologic conditions, but to the influence of ERSB.
Conclusion
: The ERSB has made an issue of air pollution. Furthermore, the possibility that ERSB induces or exacerbates asthma attack has become clear in the present study. Therefore, it is recommended that RSB should be abolished for the health of inhabitants, especially children with asthma.
Assessment of disease activity and extent by magnetic resonance imaging in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Nozue Tomio , Kobayashi Akio , Takagi Yasuo , Okabe Hitoshi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Background: We determined whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could determine the activity and site of involvement in ulcerative colitis.
Methods
: Colonoscopy, double‐contrast barium enema and gadodiamide‐enhanced MRI were performed prospectively in six patients with ulcerative colitis, including three females aged 10–22 years, both in the active and the remission stages.
Results
: Characteristic findings of MRI in the active stage of ulcerative colitis were loss of haustral markings and thickening and contrast enhancement of the colonic wall. In five of six patients, the site of disease distribution determined by MRI was in accordance with that determined by colonoscopy.
Conclusions
: Gadodiamide‐enhanced MRI is a safe and useful method of determining disease activity and extent in patients with ulcerative colitis.
Mutation analysis of phenylketonuria in Yamagata prefecture, Japan
Authors: Kimura Toshiyuki , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Akaba Kazuhiro , Guldberg Per , Güttler Flemming , Maki Kazuko , Aikawa Shogo , Hayasaka Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2003

Background
: We have screened 309 914 newborns in Yamagata prefecture, Japan, since 1977 and have detected four patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). We analyzed the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene of the four patients to study the genetic background in this area and the genotype–phenotype relationship in these patients.
Methods
: Mutations of the PAH gene were screened by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis and the sequences were determined.
Results
: Three cases were compound heterozygotes of six different mutations of the PAH gene and the remaining case was a homozygote. Of the six detected mutations, K115fs is novel, whereas the others have been previously detected among Chinese and/or Japanese patients.
Conclusions
: The incidence and genetic basis in Yamagata prefecture was similar to that of other parts of Japan. Analysis of the genotype is useful to understand the clinical variation in some families.
Retinopathy of prematurity: Mutations in the Norrie disease gene and the risk of progression to advanced stages
Authors: Haider Mohammad Z , Devarajan Lakshminaran V , Al‐Essa Mazen , Srivastva Braham S , Kumar Harsh , Azad Rajvardhan , Rashwan Nabil 
Published: March 2003

Abstract

Background
: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal vascular disease that occurs in infants with short gestational age and low birth weight and may lead to retinal detachment and blindness. Missense mutations in the Norrie disease (ND) gene have been associated with the risk of progression to advanced stages in cases of ROP from the US and also in clinically similar ND and familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.
Methods
: We have screened two ND gene mutations, namely A105T and Val60Glu, by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) and allele‐specific PCR methods, respectively, in 210 Kuwaiti premature newborns to replicate these findings in a different ethnic group.
Results
: In the Kuwaiti premature newborn cohort, 115 of 210 babies had no eye problems and served as controls, while 95 were cases of ROP. In 71 of 95 ROP cases, the disease regressed spontaneously on or before stage 3, while in 24 of 95 ROP cases the disease progressed to advanced stages 4 and 5. In case of missense mutation (A105T), the AA genotype was detected in 96% of controls compared with 87% of ROP cases (NS); similarly no significant difference was found between spontaneously regressed ROP cases and those who progressed to advanced stages. For the Val60Glu mutation, no significant association was detected between the genotype and progression of ROP to advanced stages.
Conclusions
: Unlike data from the US, our findings from a Kuwaiti cohort of ROP cases and controls suggest a lack of association between the two ND gene mutations (A105T and Val60Glu) and ROP and the risk of progression of the disease to advanced stages.
Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched diet attenuates stress‐induced lactacidemia in 10‐day‐old rats
Authors: Skalski Miroslow , Goto Masakatsu , Ravindranath Thyyar , Myers Thomas , Zeller W Patrick 
Published: March 2003

Abstract

Background
: Lactacidemia is often seen under stress conditions including septic shock in the newborn. Under stress conditions, plasma catecholamine concentrations are increased and play an important role in lactate metabolism. Our previous study shows that perinatal feeding of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched diet (ω‐3PUFA) attenuates lactacidemia of endotoxic shock in 10‐day‐old rats. In the omega‐6 fatty acids series, decosapentanoic acid, two series prostaglandins and four series leukotrienes are synthesized through linoleic acids. As plasma lactate concentration correlates with the outcome of septic shock in the newborn, it is important to understand the effects of ω‐3PUFA on lactate metabolism. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that perinatal feeding of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched diet (ω‐3PUFA) alters responses to catecholamines and attenuates the stress‐induced lactacidemia in 10‐day‐old rats.
Methods
: Ten‐day‐old rats which perinatally fed ω‐3PUFA. Lactacidemia was induced by swimming for 5 min. Ten‐day‐old rats which perinatally fed ω‐6PUFA were controls. Omega‐6 fatty acids series are contained in animal fats and corn oil. Adrenergic blockers were used to assess roles of catecholamines in swimming‐induced lactacidemia.
Results
: Swimming increased plasma lactate concentration less (P<0.05) in rats fed ω‐3PUFA than rats fed ω‐6PUFA. Swimming increased plasma concentrations of glucose and glucagon, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration and phosphoenolypruvate carboxykinase mRNA in the liver, and cAMP concentration in the hindlimb muscle more (P<0.05) in rats fed ω‐3PUFA than in rats fed ω‐6PUFA. Phentolamine and propranolol enhanced swim‐induced lactacidemia in the ω‐3PUFA group, while they decreased the lactacidemia in the ω‐6PUFA group. Propranolol enhanced swimming‐induced hyperglycemia in the ω‐6PUFA group more than in the ω‐3PUFA group.
Conclusions
: ω‐3PUFA might increase β‐adrenergic response in the liver and increase gluconeogenesis in response to stress, resulting in decreased lactacidemia.
Serum zinc status in chronic hepatitis B and its relationship to liver histology and treatment results
Authors: Selimoğlu Mukadder Ayşe , Aydoğdu Sema , Ünal Fatih , Yüce Gül , Yağci Raşit Vural 
Published: March 2003

Abstract

Background
: It is known that cytotoxic T lymphocytes are responsible for viral clearance in chronic hepatitis B (HBV) infection. Zinc deficiency affects development of acquired immunity by preventing certain functions of T lymphocytes. We investigated the serum zinc levels and the relationship to liver histopathology and response to interferon alpha (IFN‐α) and lamivudine combination therapy in 28 children with chronic HBV infection.
Methods
: A course of IFN‐α was injected as 5 million U/m2 subcutaneously, thrice a week for 6 months and lamivudine 4 mg/kg per day orally, for 1 year. Normalization of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), loss of HBV DNA, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion altogether was considered as end of therapy response (ETR).
Results
: The ETR was achieved in eight (30.7%) patients. Serum zinc concentrations of 20 healthy children and patients was not significantly different (P>0.05). While pretreatment serum ALT, zinc, histological activity index (HAI) and portal inflammation scores were statistically higher in children who had ETR (P<0.005, P<0.05, P<0.05 and P<0.05, respectively), pretreatment serum HBV DNA was lower (P<0.005). Serum zinc level was correlated with HAI and portal inflammation scores (P<0.01 and P<0.01).
Conclusion
: This study showed the relationship of serum zinc status to liver histopathology and to the ETR and may be a preliminary study leading new studies focusing on zinc status in patients with chronic HBV infection.
Dysrhythmia as a cause of syncope in children without neurological or cardiac morphological abnormalities
Authors: Kilic Ayhan , Ozer Sema , Turanli Guzide , Ayabakan Canan , Celiker Alpay , Ozme Sencan 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: Arrhythmias are among the malignant causes of syncope. This study has been undertaken to determine the relative incidence and significance of dysrhythmia in the pathogenesis of syncope among patients referred to a pediatric cardiology unit.
Methods
: Between March 1997 and March 1999, 105 consecutive patients (59 female, 46 male) aged 11.5 ± 3.6 years without neurologic or cardiac morphologic causes were evaluated for at least one episode of syncope. A pediatric cardiologist and a pediatric neurologist evaluated all the patients. Routine chest X‐ray, 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalography (EEG), 24‐h Holter monitoring and echocardio­graphy were carried out. When deemed necessary, further tests were undertaken for the cases of syncope which were unexplained by routine tests.
Results
: The cause of syncope was identified as vasovagal in 25.7% (n = 27) and related to dysrhythmia in 30.5% (n = 32). The cause was migraine‐associated syncope in two children, psychogenic syncope in three children and orthostatic hypotension in one patient. The cause was unknown in 36.2% (n = 38).
Conclusion
: We conclude that dysrhythmia is a significant and frequent cause in children referred to pediatric cardiology units. The combination of ECG, Holter monitoring, electrophysiologic study, transtelephonic ECG and head‐up tilt test can identify the underlying cause of syncope in as many as 58% of these patients that present with syncope.
Patients diagnosed with Kawasaki disease before the fifth day of illness have a higher risk of coronary artery aneurysm
Authors: Nomura Yuichi , Masuda Kiminori , Yoshinaga Masao , Sameshima Koji , Miyata Koichiro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: A fever lasting for at least 5 days is an essential characteristic of the original diagnostic criteria ofKawasaki disease (KD). However, it is not difficult for an experienced physician to confirm the diagnosis of KD before the fifth day offever. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of intravenous gamma globulin therapy (IVGG) in KD initiated before the fifth day of illness.
Methods
: A total of 125 patients treated with IVGG were divided into group A (IVGG was initiated before the fifth dayof illness, n= 46) and group B (IVGG was initiated at the fifth day or after, n= 79). Patients’ characteristics,laboratory findings, treatments and outcomes were compared between the groups.
Results
: White blood cell count value, C‐reactive protein and Harada's score showed no difference between thegroups. A significantly higher average value of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was observed in group A. Although the treatments were identicalin both groups, the average duration of fever from the initial day of IVGG in group A was significantly longer than in group B. Theincidence of aneurysm in group A was significantly higher than that in group B. Stepwise regression analysis using aneurysm as a dependentvariable revealed that group A and ALT were significant.
Conclusions
: Patients diagnosed with KD before the fifth day of illness showed a poor response to IVGG. This observationmight be related to high ALT values. Further examination concerning the modification of treatment in such patients is necessary.
Parents associated with children in measuring acute and delayed nausea and vomiting*
Authors: Lo Li‐Hua , Hayman Laura L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between parents and children in measuring children’s acute and delayed nausea and vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapy. Twenty parent–child dyads participated in the study. Both instruments: Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting by parent and by child (8–18 years old) were used every 12 h. The reliability and validity of these instruments have been established. There were significantly moderate to strong associations between parents and children in measuring these symptoms from Day 1 to Day 3 (total scores: r = 0.85–0.93; nausea scores: r = 0.67–0.93; and vomiting scores: r = 0.91–0.99, all P < 0.01). Therefore, parents’ observation of their children’s symptoms was strongly associated with their child’s self‐report of symptoms. Parents were able to assess their children’s acute and delayed nausea and vomiting because in this sample almost all parents accompanied their children all day long.
Retroperitoneoscopic treatment of a retrocaval ureter
Authors: Mugiya Soichi , Suzuki Kazuo , Ohhira Tomoaki , Un‐No Toshiyuki , Takayama Tatsuya , Fujita Kimio 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: Retroperitoneoscopic surgery was performed on a 41‐year‐old man with a retrocaval ureter.
Methods
: The retrocaval segment of the ureter was retroperitoneoscopically separated and the ureter was reanastomosed using an automatic suture device.
Results/Discussion
: He returned to normal activities four days postoperatively. Postoperative excretory urography showed improvement of hydronephrosis and no residual stenosis.
Simultaneous bilateral renal pelvic tumors
Authors: TSUJIKAWA KOZO , MIYAKE OSAMU , MATSUMIYA KIYOMI , OKUYAMA AKIHIKO 
Published: March 2003

Background: A 72‐year‐old man was admitted with gross hematuria. Investigations revealed bilateral renal pelvic tumors.Methods/Results: Via a midline incision, left nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff resection was performed for the large left‐sided tumor. The right small solitary right‐sided tumor was endoscopically resected simultaneously. Histologically, both tumors were grade 2 transitional cell carcinomas without muscular invasion.Conclusion: There has been no evidence of recurrence or metastasis 30 months postoperatively.
Pelvic congestion syndrome caused by inferior vena cava reflux
Authors: Sugaya Kimio , Miyazato Tomonori , Koyama Yuzo , Hatano Tadashi , Ogawa Yoshihide 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe present a female patient who had pelvic congestion syndrome caused by inferior vena cava reflux associated with tricuspid regurgitation, but without other symptoms or signs related to her tricuspid regurgitation. Bladder pumping therapy was effective in improving her symptoms.
Primary carcinoid tumor in a horseshoe kidney
Authors: Isobe Hideyuki , Takashima Hideo , Higashi Naotaka , Murakami Yukito , Fujita Kazuhiko , Hanazawa Kisaburo , Fujime Makoto , Matsumoto Toshiji 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA case of primary carcinoid tumor arising within a horseshoe kidney in a 51‐year‐old woman is reported. The tumor was found incidentally by computed tomography (CT) during a check‐up for a suspected gall bladder polyp. Histologic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic analyses of this tumor revealed features typical of carcinoid tumor. Primary carcinoid tumor of the kidney is extremely rare and only 32 cases were previously reported, including five cases in horseshoe kidneys. None of these five cases in horseshoe kidneys demonstrated any evidence of local or distant metastases and all were alive at the time of reporting without evidence of disease after up to 3 years of follow up. The present case, even with accompanying lymph nodal metastasis, also has had no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis for 3 years post operation. Primary carcinoid tumor arising within horseshoe kidneys appear to be more benign than those within non‐horseshoe kidneys.
Renal cell carcinoma in an L‐shaped kidney
Authors: Sugita Shyozo , Kawashima Hidenori , Nakatani Tatsuya , Yoshimura Rikio , Wada Seiji , Sugimura Kazunobu , Kishimoto Taketoshi 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA 64‐year‐old man with a chief complaint of an asymptomatic abdominal mass was diagnosed as having a renal cell carcinoma in his L‐shaped kidney. He was successfully treated with partial nephrectomy following selective embolization of the feeder artery. It is thought to be the first reported case of renal cell carcinoma occurring in an L‐shaped kidney.
Complicating risk factors for pyelonephritis after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
Authors: Fujita Kimio , Mizuno Takuji , Ushiyama Tomomi , Suzuki Kazuo , Hadano Shinsuke , Satoh Shigenori , Kambayashi Tomoyuki , Mugiya Soichi , Nakano Masaru 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Purpose
: The score to predict the risk of post‐extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) pyelonephritis was evaluated. The score was based on the multivariate analysis of risk factors available pre‐operatively. Stone size, pyuria, bacteriuria, previous pyelonephritis and other adjunctive procedures had been selected and scored.
Methods
: Three‐hundred and forty‐eight adult patients without active urinary infection undergoing ESWL therapy were studied. One of three regimens were selected by either doctor or patient: (i) no antimicrobial treatment; (ii) one dose of levofloxacin; or (iii) 1 week course of levofloxacin. Who and why selected it were described. Post‐ESWL fever over 38°C was defined as the unfavorable event.
Results/conclusion
: With increasing score, doctors recommend taking an antimicrobial. There were 11 bacteriuric patients and post‐ESWL pyelonephritis developed in one of them. Bacteria within the stone and post‐ESWL ureteral obstruction caused by the stone fragments were considered to be important in developing pyelonephritis. However, multiple factors were related with it. Although their decision was not based simply on the score, the score was confirmed to be useful in identifying the high‐risk patients and, therefore, to implement cost‐effective antimicrobial use.
Endocrine therapy for recurrence after definitive radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Furuya Yuzo , Akakura Koichiro , Tanaka Masashi , Ichikawa Tomohiko , Igarashi Tatsuo , Murakami Shino , Ito Haruo 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground:Long‐term results were analyzed to evaluate the role of endocrine therapy in the management of local and distant recurrence of prostate cancer following external radiation therapy.Methods:Between 1976 and 1994, 92 patients with untreated prostate cancer underwent external beam radiation therapy alone. Endocrine therapy had been started when relapse was evident.Results:Failure was seen in 35 of 92 patients: 10 local, 19 distant and six biochemical failures. Endocrine treatment was performed in 28 patients with nine local and 19 distant failures. The cancer‐specific survival rate from the endocrine treatment was 54.5% at 5 years. Prostate‐specific antigen level in 20 of 20 patients (100%) decreased to below the normal limit 3 months after the start of endocrine therapy. In univariate analysis, T classification was the most significant variable for cancer‐specific survival from the initial treatment.Conclusions:A favorable outcome was achieved by endocrine therapy in patients who had relapsed after external beam radiation monotherapy. Even the recurrent tumor had a sensitivity to androgen. Patients with locally advanced disease (T2b and T3) had poorer prognosis than those with minimally extended disease (T1b and T2a).