bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hippocampal TMEM55B overexpression in the 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Odfalk Kristian F. , Wickline Jessica L. , Smith Sabrina , Dobrowolski Radek , Hopp Sarah C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDysfunction of the endosomal‐lysosomal network is a notable feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Dysfunctional endo‐lysosomal vacuoles accumulate in dystrophic neurites surrounding amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of Aβ aggregates. Trafficking and thus maturation of these dysfunctional vacuoles is disrupted in the vicinity of Aβ plaques. Transmembrane protein 55B (TMEM55B), also known as phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐bisphosphate 4‐phosphatase 1 (PIP4P1) is an endo‐lysosomal membrane protein that is necessary for appropriate trafficking of endo‐lysosomes. The present study tested whether overexpression of TMEM55B in the hippocampus could prevent plaque‐associated axonal accumulation of dysfunctional endo‐lysosomes, reduce Aβ plaque load, and prevent hippocampal‐dependent learning and memory deficits in the 5XFAD mouse models of Aβ plaque pathology. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a modest but significant reduction in the accumulation of endo‐lysosomes in dystrophic neurites surrounding Aβ plaques, but there was no change in hippocampal‐dependent memory or plaque load. Overall, these data indicate a potential role for TMEM55B in reducing endo‐lysosomal dysfunction during AD‐like Aβ pathology.
Synthesis and Olfactory Properties of Lower‐Ring Homologues of the Linear Alicyclic Musk Romandolide
Authors: Dacho Vladimír , Nikipelov Artem , Tóthová Michaela , Kraft Philip , Szolcsányi Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn order to expand the knowledge on linear alicyclic musks, a set of 29 small‐ring (racemic) analogues of the biodegradable and renewable alicyclic musk Romandolide was designed, prepared, and evaluated. The common short and modular synthesis employs either commercially available or easily accessible (substituted) cyclopropyl/cyclobutyl ketones and acids. These were transformed in three/four steps to the target compounds. Their qualitative olfactory analysis reveals that contraction of cyclohexane ring of Romandolide to smaller rings annihilates the genuine musk scent, though many of these share the metallic hot‐iron off‐note of some macrocyclic musks. Indeed, these new derivatives exhibit a plethora of pleasant, interesting, and potentially useful scents including herbal, green, fruity, or chocolate ones accompanied by various undertones. The powdery, fruity ionone odor of the dimethyl cyclobutyl compound was found to be most interesting as it possesses a very natural raspberry and violet character. Computational modelling suggest that the lowest‐energy conformers of the target compounds do either not adopt a true U‐shape as was speculated to be a prerequisite for a musk odor, or that the quaternary carbon atom of the dimethyl‐substituted cyclobutane is not well placed to fit into a hydrophobic binding pocket on the corresponding receptor site.
Young graduates and economic recession: Lessons from the pandemic to prevent the (re)incidence of mental health symptoms
Authors: Suleman Fátima , Carvalho Diana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEconomic conditions affect the youth labour market and can leave deep scars. This exploratory study examines the emotional responses and mental health symptoms of young graduates during their transition into the labour market in the pandemic context. It draws on 42 news articles with statements from 86 graduates from a set of European and non‐European countries. The graduates had jobs or internships cancelled, numerous applications unanswered or were dismissed from jobs they had recently started. Young people adopt a variety of coping strategies, which are often invisible and cause deep suffering due to anxiety, disappointment, fear, and depression. Their apprehension and uncertainty leave them in a state of limbo. The specific impacts of the pandemic on young people's lives serve as a warning of the need to protect future generations of graduates. More support is required worldwide to manage the mental health issues that affect young graduates, especially during economic recessions.
Access and barriers to genomic classifiers for breast cancer and prostate cancer in India
Authors: Ranganathan Sruthi , Dee Edward Christopher , Debnath Neha , Patel Tej A. , Jain Bhav , Murthy Vedang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe incidence of cancer in general, including breast and prostate cancer specifically, is increasing in India. Breast and prostate cancers have genomic classifiers developed to guide therapy decisions. However, these genomic classifiers are often inaccessible in India due to high cost. These classifiers may also be less suitable to the Indian population, as data primarily from patients in wealthy Western countries were used in developing these genomic classifiers. In addition to the limitations in using these existing genomic classifiers, developing and validating new genomic classifiers for breast and prostate cancer in India is challenging due to the heterogeneity in the Indian population. However, there are steps that can be taken to address the various barriers that currently exist for accurate, accessible genomic classifiers for cancer in India.
Long‐term effects of surgically corrected menstrual outflow obstruction: A case–control study
Authors: Martens Lisanne , Spath Marian A. , van Beek Monique A. , Willemsen Wim N. P. , Kluivers Kirsten B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo enhance evidence‐based knowledge on long‐term sequalae in patients with surgically corrected obstructing Müllerian anomalies.MethodsThis long‐term case–control study included patients with menstrual outflow obstruction due to congenital anomalies of the uterus or vagina, who were at least 18 years old, and for whom 2 years had elapsed since the first surgery at the start of this study. The control group consisted of women without current gynecological problems. Patients underwent a surgical correction at the Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen between 1980 and 2013. Of 78 patients approached, 38 (49%) were included in this study. The control group consisted of 54 females. The main outcome measures were pain and health state. The following questionnaires were used: Visual Analogue Scale pain scores, European Quality of Life–5 Dimensions questionnaire (EQ‐5D‐3L) and the adapted Endometriosis Health Profile questionnaire (EHP‐30).ResultsPatients had higher actual and maximum abdominal pain scores compared with controls (11 vs 0 [P = 0.007] and 48 vs 21 [P = 0.035], respectively). Based on the EQ‐5D‐3L scores, patients had more pain and discomfort (P = 0.005), more mood problems (P = 0.023), and a poorer subjective health state (P = 0.002) and self‐rated health state (P = 0.031). Based on the EHP‐30, patients had a significant poorer self‐rated health state on four out of five subscales.ConclusionIn this study, following surgically corrected menstrual obstruction, patients had statistically significant higher abdominal pain scores and a poorer self‐rated health state compared with controls.
Aggravation of cognitive impairments in the valproic acid‐induced animal model of autism in BALB/c mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Sheikhshoaee Saeed , Taheri Farahnaz , Esmaeilpour Khadijeh , Firouzeh Nima , Fard Saeid Reza Nourollahi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeToxoplasmosis is a disease caused by infection with a type of coccidial protozoan parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. The relationship between toxoplasmosis and cognitive disorders in neurodegenerative diseases has been proven. There is also evidence that children born to Toxoplasma‐infected mothers are more likely to develop autism.MethodsIn the present study, Toxoplasma‐infected pregnant BALB/c mice were given valproic acid to induce autism in their male offspring, and their social behaviors, learning, and memory were examined. Chronic toxoplasmosis was established in BALB/c mice by intraperitoneal injection of cyst form of T. gondii. To induce autism, 600 mg/kg of valproic acid was injected intraperitoneally into mice on the 12.5th day of pregnancy. The behavioral experiments, such as social interaction, novel object recognition, and passive avoidance tasks, were performed on male offspring at 50 days.ResultsToxoplasma and valproic acid during the embryonic period caused social communication deficits and disrupted recognition memory and avoidance memory in offspring. Our findings showed that administering valproic acid to Toxoplasma‐infected mothers exacerbates cognitive disorders in their offspring.
Examining interactions between dominant discourses and engineering educational concepts in teachers' pedagogical reasoning
Authors: De Lucca Natalie , Watkins Jessica , Swanson Rebecca D. , Portsmore Merredith 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundEngineering's introduction into K–12 classrooms has been purported to support meaningful and inclusive learning environments. However, teachers must contend with dominant discourses embedded in US schooling that justify inequitable distributions of resources.PurposeDrawing on Gee's notion of discourses, we examine how teachers incorporate language legitimizing socially and culturally constructed values and beliefs. In particular, we focus on the discourse of ability hierarchy—reflecting dominant values of sorting and ranking students based on perceived academic abilities—and the discourse of individual blame—reflecting dominant framings of educational problems as solely the responsibility of individual students or families. We aim to understand how these discourses surface in teachers' reasoning about teaching engineering.MethodWe interviewed 15 teachers enrolled in an online graduate program in engineering education. Utilizing critical discourse analysis, we analyzed how teachers drew on discourses of blame and ability hierarchy when reasoning about problems of practice in engineering.ResultsTeachers drew on engineering education concepts to reinforce dominant discourses (echoing specific language and preserving given roles) as well as to disrupt (utilizing different language or roles that [implicitly] challenge) dominant discourses. Importantly, teachers could also retool discourses of ability hierarchy (arguing for a more equitable distribution of resources but problematically preserving the values of ranking and sorting students).ConclusionsK–12 schooling's sociohistorical context can shape how teachers make sense of engineering in ways that implicate race, gender, disability, and language, suggesting a need to grapple with how discourses from schooling—and engineering culture—maintain marginalizing environments for students.
Common traits in online shopping behavior: A study of different generational cohorts
Authors: Nwobodo Stanley , Weissmann Marc Arul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examines the online shopping behavior of the different generational cohorts (X, Y, and Z) to determine the differences and similarities in their behavioral patterns. The study's findings in the Malaysian context reveal that, irrespective of generational cohorts, key factors significantly influence online shopping behavior. Notably, information quality and source credibility play a pivotal role in enhancing information usefulness, highlighting consumers' strong emphasis on the credibility and quality of information sources when making online purchase decisions. Additionally, personalized services provided by online retailers positively influence consumers' habitual behavior, reduce their willingness to switch to other retailers, and encourage online purchases. This suggests that tailored services and products catering to individual needs foster repeat behavior and customer loyalty. Interestingly, generational cohorts appear to have little impact on consumer responses, indicating that, as online shopping becomes more prevalent, consumer behavior tends to align around common traits, such as valuing information quality and credibility, personalized services, and the formation of positive shopping habits.
Minority entrepreneurs and start‐up financing
Authors: Robinson Desmond D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is a need for additional research on minority entrepreneurs need to access start‐up funding to grow and sustain their businesses. The problem is access to financial capital is a constraint for minority entrepreneurs and negatively impacts their ability to stay in business. Minority borrowers face more difficult borrowing conditions than Caucasian entrepreneurs. The results from this case study demonstrated the pecking order theory and the resource base theory, and that there is no relationship between the source of the funding and the success and failure of 11 minority‐owned small business startups. Case study is an excellent research design for this study because it allows a researcher to investigate the lived experiences of individuals who have shared experiences of a particular event or condition. The results from this case study showed a majority of the research participants indicated that avoidance of debt is a primary motivating factor to use personal savings as a primary choice in funding their respective businesses. This article is designed to assist policymakers at both the state and federal government levels in better understanding how to provide accessible financing to these entrepreneurs. Also, this article is designed for all individuals who have started a business or may be thinking about starting a business to get a better understanding of the obstacles and motivations minority entrepreneurs encounter when attempting to find financing to start their businesses.
Impact of precipitation and grazing on recovery of plant vegetation in temperate grasslands
Authors: Lin Xi , Zhao Hongbin , Zhang Shengwei , Li Ruishen , Li Xiaoyuan , Wang Shuai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGrasslands support a rich diversity that plays a pivotal role in ecological balance, carbon sequestration, and climate regulation. Grassland ecosystems are facing a loss of biodiversity and a decline in soil function due to precipitation variations caused by climate change. However, variations in grassland species diversity are not clearly known, especially under the combined effects of precipitation and grazing. Based on a 5‐year split‐plot experiment with two grazing regimes (i.e., moderate grazing and grazing prohibition) along with three precipitation controls (ambient precipitation and ±50% precipitation) in Inner Mongolian grasslands, we researched the response of precipitation variability and grazing prohibition to vegetation diversity indices and investigated the response of vegetation community composition and biomass to these factors. Five years results showed that increasing precipitation resulted in a significant increase in the coverage of perennial forbs, annual and biennial plants, and Gramineae. Grazing prohibition and increased precipitation significantly increased biomass and species richness compared to all other treatment combinations. Interestingly, grazing exclusion significantly reduced the percentage of Amaryllidaceae, especially in the presence of altered precipitation. The vegetation community composition of a typical grassland was correlated with soil volumetric water content (VWC), bulk density (SBD) and pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN). VWC, SBD, and TN were found to be the most significant factors affecting vegetation diversity under grazing. Partial canonical ordination revealed that soil moisture, soil bulk density, and SOC had the most significant correlation with vegetation diversity under both grazing prohibition and increased precipitation treatment conditions. These results suggested that alterations in precipitation can change the species composition and ecosystem function of plant communities, leading to a close relationship between species diversity and soil properties. Our results underline the importance of species diversity for soil characteristics and environmental factors in a typical Eurasian steppe ecosystem.
Severe Zellweger spectrum disorder due to a novel missense variant in the PEX13 gene: A case report and the literature review
Authors: Su Ling , Peng Min‐Zhi , Chen Xiao‐Dan , Wu Shuang , Liu Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are caused by variants in PEX genes that impair peroxisome function. Zellweger spectrum disorders (ZSDs) are the most severe and common subtype of PBDs, affecting multiple organ systems due to peroxisomal involvement in various metabolic functions. PEX13 gene variants are rare causes of ZSDs, with only 21 cases reported worldwide and none in China.MethodsWe describe an infant with biochemically and molecularly confirmed ZSDs due to variants in the PEX13 gene, identified by whole exome sequencing and validated by Sanger sequencing. The patient's treatment and prognosis were followed up. We also reviewed the literature on previously reported cases with PEX13 variants.ResultsThe patient had severe hypotonia, seizures, hepatic dysfunction, failure to thrive, and dysmorphic features. Serum analysis revealed elevated levels of very long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFA), phytanic acid, and pipecolic acid. We detected a novel homozygous missense variant c.493G>C (p. Ala165Pro) in the PEX13 gene (NM_002618.3), which caused severe clinical manifestations and was inherited from the consanguineous parents. The patient died at the age of 14 months.ConclusionWe report the first case of ZSDs due to the PEX13 variant in China. Our findings broaden the mutational spectrum of the PEX13 gene and indicate that missense variants can lead to severe ZSDs phenotypes, which has implications for genotype–phenotype correlations and genetic counseling.
Neuron‐specific deletion of VEGF or its receptor Flk‐1 occludes the antidepressant‐like effects of desipramine and fluoxetine in mice
Authors: Deyama Satoshi , Li Xiao‐Yuan , Duman Ronald S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling is known to be involved in the antidepressant‐like effects of conventional antidepressants, such as desipramine (DMI), a tricyclic antidepressant, and fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; however, the precise role of neuronal VEGF signaling in mediating these effects remains unclear. Using mice with excitatory neuron‐specific deletion of VEGF and its receptor, fetal liver kinase 1 (Flk‐1) in the forebrain, we examined the effects of forebrain excitatory neuron‐specific deletion of VEGF or Flk‐1 on the antidepressant‐like effects of repeated DMI and chronic FLX administration in the forced swim test (FST). Repeated intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of DMI (10, 10, and 20 mg/kg at 24, 4, and 1 h before the FST, respectively) significantly decreased immobility in control mice; however, this effect was completely blocked in mice with neuron‐specific VEGF or Flk‐1 deletion. Although chronic treatment with FLX (18 mg/kg/day, i.p.) did not impact immobility in control mice 1 day after the 22nd injection, immobility was significantly reduced 1 day after the preswim and the 23rd FLX injection. However, in mice with neuron‐specific Flk‐1 deletion, chronic FLX treatment significantly increased immobility in the preswim and failed to produce antidepressant‐like effects. Collectively, these findings indicate that neuronal VEGF–Flk‐1 signaling contributes to the antidepressant‐like actions of conventional antidepressants.
Metabolite signature of diabetes remission in individuals with obesity undergoing weight loss interventions
Authors: Thaker Vidhu V. , Kwee Lydia Coulter , Chen Haiying , Bahnson Judy , Ilkayeva Olga , Muehlbauer Michael J. , Wolfe Bruce , Purnell Jonathan Q. , Pi‐Sunyer Xavier , Newgard Christopher B. , Shah Svati H. , Laferrère Blandine ,   The Look AHEAD Research Group
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis observational study investigated metabolomic changes in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) after weight loss. We hypothesized that metabolite changes associated with T2D‐relevant phenotypes are signatures of improved health.MethodsFasting plasma samples from individuals undergoing bariatric surgery (n = 71 Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass [RYGB], n = 22 gastric banding), lifestyle intervention (n = 66), or usual care (n = 14) were profiled for 139 metabolites before and 2 years after weight loss. Principal component analysis grouped correlated metabolites into factors. Association of preintervention metabolites was tested with preintervention clinical features and changes in T2D markers. Association between change in metabolites/metabolite factors and change in T2D remission markers, homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was assessed.ResultsBranched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) were associated with preintervention adiposity. Changes in BCAAs (valine, leucine/isoleucine) and branched‐chain ketoacids were positively associated with change in HbA1c (false discovery rate q value ≤ 0.001) that persisted after adjustment for percentage weight change and RYGB (p ≤ 0.02). In analyses stratified by RYGB or other weight loss method, some metabolites showed association with non‐RYGB weight loss.ConclusionsThis study confirmed known metabolite associations with obesity/T2D and showed an association of BCAAs with HbA1c change after weight loss, independent of the method or magnitude of weight loss.image
Differential gene expression during floral transition in pineapple
Authors: Paull Robert E. , Ksouri Najla , Kantar Michael , Zerpa‐Catanho Dessireé , Chen Nancy Jung , Uruu Gail , Yue Jingjing , Guo Shiyong , Zheng Yun , Wai Ching Man Jennifer , Ming Ray 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPineapple (Ananas comosus var. comosus) and ornamental bromeliads are commercially induced to flower by treatment with ethylene or its analogs. The apex is transformed from a vegetative to a floral meristem and shows morphological changes in 8 to 10 days, with flowers developing 8 to 10 weeks later. During eight sampling stages ranging from 6 h to 8 days after treatment, 7961 genes were found to exhibit differential expression (DE) after the application of ethylene. In the first 3 days after treatment, there was little change in ethylene synthesis or in the early stages of the ethylene response. Subsequently, three ethylene response transcription factors (ERTF) were up‐regulated and the potential gene targets were predicted to be the positive flowering regulator CONSTANS‐like 3 (CO), a WUSCHEL gene, two APETALA1/FRUITFULL (AP1/FUL) genes, an epidermal patterning gene, and a jasmonic acid synthesis gene. We confirm that pineapple has lost the flowering repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C. At the initial stages, the SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) was not significantly involved in this transition. Another WUSCHEL gene and a PHD homeobox transcription factor, though not apparent direct targets of ERTF, were up‐regulated within a day of treatment, their predicted targets being the up‐regulated CO, auxin response factors, SQUAMOSA, and histone H3 genes with suppression of abscisic acid response genes. The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), TERMINAL FLOWER (TFL), AGAMOUS‐like APETELAR (AP2), and SEPETALA (SEP) increased rapidly within 2 to 3 days after ethylene treatment. Two FT genes were up‐regulated at the apex and not at the leaf bases after treatment, suggesting that transport did not occur. These results indicated that the ethylene response in pineapple and possibly most bromeliads act directly to promote the vegetative to flower transition via APETALA1/FRUITFULL (AP1/FUL) and its interaction with SPL, FT, TFL, SEP, and AP2. A model based on AP2/ERTF DE and predicted DE target genes was developed to give focus to future research. The identified candidate genes are potential targets for genetic manipulation to determine their molecular role in flower transition.