bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ion‐Molecule Co‐Confining Ammonium Vanadate Cathode for High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Qiu Yu , Sun Zhihao , Guo Zihao , Du Benli , Ding Han , Wang Peng , Tian Shaoyao , Qian Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVanadium‐based cathode materials have attracted great attention in aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs). However, the inferior ion transport and cyclic stability due to the strong Coulomb interaction between Zn2+ and the lattice limit their further application. In this work, CO2 molecules are in situ embedded in the interlayer structure of NH4V4O10 by decomposing excess H2C2O4·2H2O in the main framework, obtaining an ion‐molecule co‐confining NH4V4O10 for AZIB cathode material. The introduced CO2 molecules expanded the interlayer spacing of NH4V4O10, broadened the diffusion channel of Zn2+, and stabilized the structure of NH4V4O10 as the interlayer pillars together with , which effectively improved the Zn2+ diffusion kinetics and cycle stability of the electrode. In addition, the binding between and the host framework is stabilized via hydrogen bonds with CO2 molecules. NVO‐CO2‐0.8 exhibited excellent specific capacity (451.1 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1), cycle stability (214.0 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 after 1000 cycles) and rate performance. This work provides new ideas and approaches for optimizing vanadium‐based materials with high‐performance AZIBs.
A study of key factors that influence and enable patient empowerment: A systems approach
Authors: Bani Hani Saad , Sauser Brian , Niranjan Suman , Willoughby Tony 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlobal crises have forced the healthcare sector to advance the way they practise. Patient empowerment has emerged as one of the solutions to face these challenges. Nevertheless, patient empowerment is still lacking for accepted conditions, making it difficult to effectively promote within the healthcare system. This study aims to systemically map the concept of patient empowerment using principles of systems thinking with the Boardman Soft Systems Methodology that enables a graphical visualization (i.e., Systemigrams). This includes levels of patient empowerment and their relationship with other concepts such as health literacy, health providers, self‐management, patient characteristics and healthcare outcomes. This study contributes to the literature by (a) articulating a set of conditions to enable patient empowerment, (b) identifying the key concept that might influence the level of patient empowerment and (c) providing guidance and propositions for future research that can promote and further study patient empowerment.
Data‐driven design concept evaluation for full‐locked coil ropes
Authors: Brenner Christoph , Haspel Lorenz , Unglaub Julian , Thiele Klaus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article provides a detailed investigation of the design concept for full‐locked coil ropes, which are widely used in various applications in the construction sector. The current design concept in the ultimate limit state according to EN 1993‐1‐11 is explained by tracing its development through past standards. A database of breaking load tests is built up and used to evaluate the actual fill and spinning loss factors compared to the standard values. Afterwards, the current design equation and the revised equation of the third draft of prEN 1993‐1‐11 are statistically evaluated with the test‐based design procedure in EN 1990. The investigations reveal that the use of a fill factor is not required and should be omitted, while the spinning loss factor can be approximated by a constant value. The newly proposed equation in prEN 1993‐1‐11 shows improved accuracy in comparison with the current design equation of EN 1993‐1‐11 regarding the calculated partial factors. However, the determined partial factors are based exclusively on tensile tests under laboratory conditions. They could serve as a basis for the development of a new design concept in which project‐specific information such as local bending stresses can be considered individually. This would allow a more precise definition of the safe level of utilisation and thus lead to a more economical use. Further research is required to quantify these factors.
Influence of cesium bromide nanoparticles on the structural, optical, electrical, and antibacterial properties of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate for biological applications
Authors: Diab N. S. , Ragab H. M. , Hamada Fatma A. , Aziz Rosilah Ab , Alghamdi Azzah M. , Farea M. O. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the use of organic and inorganic nanostructures to create innovative functional materials with applications in optoelectronics devices. Specifically, nanocomposite films were created by incorporating different concentrations of cesium bromide nanoparticles (5, 10, and 15 wt%) into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) polymer blend (50/50 wt%) through a solution casting process. The impact of CsBr NPs on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the virgin PVA/SA matrix was systematically investigated. x‐ray crystallography investigation verified the semicrystalline nature of the PVA/SA. FTIR spectra showed the main vibrational peaks of PVA/SA, with their intensity decreasing after the addition of cesium bromide. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the formation of aggregations and the increase of roughness for the PVA/SA‐CsBr NPs 15 wt% nanocomposite sample. The UV/vis. absorption spectrum showed a decrease in the energy gap values, which decreased from 4.25 to 3.89 eV in the direct transition and decreased from 4.12 to 3.77 eV in the indirect transition. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity and dielectric properties demonstrated improvement with increasing concentration of CsBr NPs. The antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli exhibited an upward trend with an increase in CsBr nanoparticle concentration. Overall, the results suggest the promising potential of these nanocomposite films for applications in optoelectronics and biological applications.Highlights
XRD shows that the amorphousity is increased after addition CsBr NPs.
FT‐IR confirms the interactions/complexation between PVA/SA polymeric matrix filled with CsBr NPs.
Optical energy gap is decreased with increasing CsBr concentrations.
SEM images show the prepared samples have a smooth surface and only have a few defects.
By adding CsBr NPs the electrical conductivity is tremendously improved.
Taner Akçam, Istanbul, My Bridge
Authors: Balakian Peter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis volume opens with a poem by the poet, memoirist, and scholar Peter Balakian. “Coming to Istanbul” deals with the shock and trauma of returning to the city where his father was born and his prosperous family lived before they were driven into exile by the Ottoman government during the Armenian Genocide. Haunted absence and the intersecting violence of the present define the poem. His personal essay about his friendship with Akçam pays tribute to his friend’s courage and the important role he played as a bridge across the Turkish-Armenian divide.
Civil Society Elites: An Introduction
Authors: Johansson Håkan , Meeuwisse Anna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores the gap in civil society and elite studies. Researchers have recently observed elitist tendencies in civil society in which resources are concentrated to a few powerful civil society organisations and their leaders. Civil society also shows anti-democratic tendencies and the emergence of an illiberal civil society. This chapter introduces the concept of civil society elites to address the identified gap in the research, arguing that civil society elites occupy a paradoxical elite position because they are expected to represent members, beneficiaries, and constituents against powerful groups while at the same time benefiting from their elevated position and their socialisation in elite circles. Drawing on a review of elite and civil society research, this chapter proposes a study of civil society elite composition, reproduction, integration, and contestation in order to provide novel insights into the role of civil society in contemporary liberal democracies. The chapter also presents the various contributions to the book.
The State as a Challenger to Civil Society Elites: The Case of Poland
Authors: Korolczuk Elżbieta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, we can observe significant changes in states’ approaches towards civil society around the globe, including efforts to control civil society organisations, closing communication channels between the state and citizens, and redirecting financial support towards organisations that have been co-opted by the state. These changes are often part of a broader process of state-sponsored elite change. The charge of being a corrupted elite, alienated from the people and financed by foreign powers is routinely used by the right-wing populists in Poland in relation to liberal and left-leaning civil society actors. Thus, the Polish context is suitable for analysing the ways in which the state becomes civil society’s biggest challenger in autocratising countries. This chapter examines the changes in state–civil society relations in contemporary Poland, focusing specifically on the shifting patterns of cooperation and communication between the state and civil society actors.
Mirroring the Masses? A Cross-National Comparison of Civil Society Elite Composition
Authors: Lee Jayeon , Scaramuzzino Roberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores the composition of civil society elites and to what extent this differs from the general population, what we call the ‘civil society elite-masses gap’. While the civil society elites are, from a normative point of view, expected to be representative of the general population in terms of their social composition and attitudes, professionalisation and elitisation of civil society might lead to exclusive patterns of social composition of the top-level leadership strata of civil society organisations. This chapter presents an analysis of novel comparative survey data targeting the top-level leaders of the most resource-rich civil society organisations in five European contexts. The results show that there are striking similarities in terms of attitudes among civil society elites across different civil society regimes that are distinct from general populations. The civil society elite-masses gap in terms of sociodemographic backgrounds is also evident, but the pattern varies across contexts.
Consecrating Civil Society Elites in Europe: Examining Civil Society Prizes
Authors: Altermark Niklas , Johansson Håkan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrize-giving is a common mechanism for the formation of social hierarchies. Although we find extensive studies of prizes in a wide range of social fields, few have explored prizes aimed at top civil society leaders. This chapter draws on a study of civil society prizes in Italy, Poland, Sweden, and the UK targeting top civil society leaders. The study analyses how many persons received a prize and the type of prize-giving organisation and shows that civil society elites in Italy, Poland, and the UK primarily receive prizes from the state, while Swedish civil society elites receive prizes from their peers. This illustrates that the state constitutes the bank of symbolic capital in Italy, Poland, and the UK, while civil society is its own bank in Sweden. National differences moreover illustrate differences in elite integration. Civil society elites in Sweden constitute a disconnected elite, while they form an integrated elite in Italy, Poland, and the UK.
Orbital Fractures in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Gooris Peter J. J. , Mourits Maarten P. , Mensink Gertjan , Bergsma J. Eelco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe impact of craniofacial traumata in children differs from those in adults. Growth and development of the skull play a role in the injury and its sequels. The immature craniofacial skeleton will more easily result in a trapdoor type fracture or fissure of the orbital floor than in adults.
Surgical Treatment of Graves’ Orbitopathy
Authors: Mourits Maarten P. , Gooris Peter J. J. , Bergsma J. Eelco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSurgical treatment for patients with Graves’ orbitopathy consists of orbital decompression, strabismus surgery and eyelid surgery. In this chapter, we will limit ourselves to orbital decompression (refer for strabismus surgery: Chap. 6 and for eyelid surgery: Chap. 22).There are many different orbital decompression techniques, that all have the potency to improve visual functions and restore-in combination with strabismus and eyelid surgery-the premorbid appearance. In addition, they are relatively safe. This does not alter the fact that an orbital decompression, in the center of the face, is major surgery, that requires extensive training and experience of the surgeon. The concerns of the patient cannot be overestimated.
Orbital Cellulitis
Authors: Mourits Maarten P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrbital cellulitis is an inflammation of the preseptal (eyelid) or retroseptal orbit. Whereas the preseptal form is rather harmless, retroseptal cellulitis is both vision- and life-threatening. Orbital cellulitis is mostly seen as an infection that extends from the paranasal sinuses or may have spread from dermal infections. Orbital cellulitis can be diffuse or present as a subperiosteal empyema or, more rarely, as an orbital abscess. Extension of the inflammatory process can lead to intracranial involvement, such as cavernous sinus thrombosis. Antibiotic treatment will cure the disease in most cases, although sometimes, surgical drainage is required.
What’s in a Norm? What Normative Frameworks in Myanmar Reveal About Inclusivity
Authors: Palmiano Federer Julia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces the peace and conflict landscape in Myanmar and existing normative frameworks around inclusion and exclusion in Myanmar politics. I argue that political flashpoints in Myanmar’s contemporary history have forged robust narratives around political inclusion and exclusion for the country’s main conflict parties—the ethnic armed organizations (EAG) and the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces). In particular, discourses around building national unity through ethnonationalism for the EAGs and building national unity through militarized statebuilding for the Tatmadaw reveal a common discourse around unity. “Unity” can thus be seen as a key normative framework in the Myanmar context. However, while unity can be seen as a moral and political touchstone between the negotiating parties, the clashing interpretations of the concept of unity and what constitutes national unity in Myanmar forms the heart of the decades-long conflict and risks reifying existing divisions between the main stakeholders.
Post-formation Behavior of Hattian Landslide Dam and Post-breaching Situation
Authors: Sattar Ahsan , Konagai Kazuo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Hattain Bala landslide dam, formed by the 8th October 2005 earthquake, provided a rare opportunity to observe and quantify the changes in the body of the debris deposit after its formation. The authors described post-formation behaviors of the debris mass, breaching-inflicted changes of the debris mass, and upstream and downstream reaches in their referred publications. This paper summarizes the findings from the observations of the two referred papers and the comments on the situation of the landmass after almost a decade of post-breaching of landslide mass.
Assessing Landslide Hazard in the High City of Antananarivo, Madagascar (UNESCO Tentative Site)
Authors: Frodella William , Spizzichino Daniele , Lazzeri Giacomo , Margottini Claudio , Tofani Veronica , Casagli Nicola 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBuilt on the hilltop of a granite ridge rising above the Ikopa River valley (the Analamanga Hill), the High City of Antananarivo (Madagascar) is renowned for its baroque-style palaces the Rova royal complex and gothic cathedrals dating back to the nineteenth Century, and therefore is part of the UNESCO Tentative List. Due to the frequent cyclonic heavy cyclonic rain, geological and geomorphological conditions, and a general lack of urban planning the study area is particularly prone to landslides (as shown by events of the winter of 2015, 2018 and 2019). As a first step towards understanding quantitative landslide risk, the geological, geomorphological, geotechnical features, as well as landslide phenomena were defined in an integrated landslide hazard assessment. Results show that the main factors affecting landslides are slope, lithology, creek-gully erosion and anthropogenic activities, while most of the landslide events are clearly triggered by heavy rainfall events. Thematic maps produced by this study are fundamental land-use management tools to be applied as a first step towards a geo-hydrological risk reduction strategy by the institutions and actors involved in the protection and conservation of the High City.
Rock Slope Instabilities Affecting the AlUla Archaeological Sites (KSA)
Authors: Gallego José Ignacio , Margottini Claudio , Perissé Valero Ingrid , Spizzichino Daniele , Beni Tommaso , Boldini Daniela , Bonometti Francesca , Casagli Nicola , Castellanza Riccardo , Crosta Giovanni Battista , Frattini Paolo , Frodella William , Gigli Giovanni , Lusini Edoardo , Rigamonti Serena , Rusconi Giulia , Vitrano Lorenzo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe paper focuses on the geomorphological processes and potential geo-hazards affecting the cultural heritage rock-cut sites of AlUla region. Its best-known site is Hegra, with more than 110 monumental tombs with elaborated façades carved directly into the sandstone rock. In addition, AlUla hosts a number of fascinating historical and archaeological sites such as its Old Town, surrounded by an ancient oasis, and Dadan, the capital of the Dadan and Lihyan kingdoms. The study is mainly aimed at investigating the local rock material, evaluating characteristics of rock masses, understanding rock degradation processes and characterizing the potential impact of slope instabilities on the conservation of cultural heritage.
Refugees’ Perception of Landslide Disasters: Insights from the Rohingya Camps in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Kamal A. S. M. Maksud , Samm-A Anika , Ahmed Bayes , Sammonds Peter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Kutupalong-Balukhali expansion Rohingya camp provides shelter to nearly one million refugees in a landslide-prone area. The Rohingyas seeking refuge in the camps deal with annual landslide events. This study looks into the existing risk perception of landslides in this shelter-seeking refugee community. Using a structured questionnaire, we conducted a face-to-face survey of 400 Rohingya people from six selected camps in March 2022. We collected information about refugees’ perceptions towards landslide disasters, exposure to hazardous events, mitigation measures, preparedness knowledge, and risk communication. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out to find out the existing condition of the camps. A regression analysis (Proportional Odds Model) was applied to determine the perception of people at risk. We found that exposure to previous landslides, mitigation measure quality, and emergency managers’ roles were crucial in defining people’s risk perception compared to the demographic characteristics of the Rohingya population. A combination of integrated mitigation, preparedness, and inclusion of laypeople in the overall management process would reduce landslide disaster risk inside the camps.
Landslide Susceptibility Zonation Using GIS-Based Frequency Ratio Approach in the Kulon Progo Mountains Area, Indonesia
Authors: Erzagian Egy , Wilopo Wahyu , Fathani Teuku Faisal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLandslides cause many casualties, environmental damage, property losses, and psychological impacts. Landslides frequently occur in the Kulon Progo Mountains area of Indonesia and are especially triggered by high-intensity rainfall between November and March. Research on landslide susceptibility in the Kulon Progo Mountains area can be a relevant tool to prevent or reduce the risk of landslide potential. Therefore, this research aims to develop a landslide susceptibility map using the frequency ratio (FR) method. Controlling factors, namely, elevation, slope, aspect, lithology, lineament density, distance from streams, distance from roads, land use, and rainfall, were combined with landslide data to develop a landslide susceptibility map by GIS software. Seven hundred and forty-four landslide data points were acquired from field surveys, Google Earth image interpretation, and the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of the Kulon Progo, Purworejo, and Magelang regencies. Landslide data were randomly selected for map modeling (80%) and validation (20%). The FR analysis shows that the research area can be classified into four landslide susceptibility zones based on the LSI value: low (LSI 4.05–7.85), moderate (LSI 7.86–9.85), high (LSI 9.86–12.81), and very high (LSI 12.82–19.46). The landslide susceptibility map was validated using the area under the curve (AUC) method, resulting in a success rate of 80.1% and a predictive rate of 81.3%.
Consequence: Frequency Matrix as a Tool to Assess Landslides Risk
Authors: Jaboyedoff Michel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSince F-N curves have been proposed, the use of consequences-frequency matrices (CFM) has been extensively used in several domains and in risk and hazard analysis. It represents a common framework for many applications, including project management and decision-making. CFM are diagrams which possess consequence and frequency classes on the axes. They permit to classify risks and hazards based on expert knowledge with limited quantitative data. In this paper, we propose to present the main characteristics of such tools. The semi-quantitative approaches are privileged, numbers must be attached to the limit of classes, in order to avoid erroneous uses. Comparison with F-N curve is addressed. It appears that giving probabilities to all classes is a way to introduce uncertainties and to get exceedance curves. The use of triangular probability distribution functions to describe the belonging to classes is a possibility coupled with a Bayesian approach. A short example is provided.
Do not Let Your Guard Down: Landslide Exposure and Local Awareness in Mexico
Authors: Garnica-Peña Ricardo J. , Alcántara-Ayala Irasema 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe International Consortium on Landslides, through the Sendai Partnerships 2015–2025 and the Kyoto Landslide Commitment 2020 for Global Promotion of Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk, aims to support the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. This involves various actions in which enhancing capacity building, knowledge transfer, and raising awareness are sought. One of the problems related to people’s awareness of landslide disaster risk is their biased perception when landslides do not often occur in areas highly susceptible to such hazards. This study analyzes the expansion of the urban area of a community located in an area highly exposed to landslides. This was performed by producing high-resolution images and field observations using drones from 2007 to 2023. The spatiotemporal analysis indicates that in the last decade, landslides have not occurred. Therefore, recommendations are made to enhance landslide disaster risk awareness in a sustained manner.