bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracoronary cytoprotective gene therapy in a dog with dilated cardiomyopathy: long term follow up
Authors: Paradies Paola , Carlucci Lucia , Digiaro Serena , Recchia Alessandra , Colella Antonella , Woitek Felix , Lacitignola Luca , Staffieri Francesco , Giacca Mauro , Recchia Fabio Anastasio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In large breed dogs, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the main cause of congestive heart failure (CHF) and sudden cardiac death. The underlying etiology of DCM is usually not definitively identified; however, in predisposed breeds a hereditary etiology is often suspected. Other etiologies, such as toxins and infections, have also been documented or suspected to cause DCM in dogs. Conventional drug treatment cannot reverse disease progression but can only control the signs of heart failure as they occur. Cytoprotective gene therapy with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-B167 (VEGF-B167) has been shown to be an effective alternative therapy that can halt disease progression in preclinical experimental studies in dogs. This study reports the long-term clinical and echocardiographic follow-up of a 6-year-old St. Bernard dog with DCM treated with intracoronary administration of VEGF-B167 gene delivered by adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV- VEGF-B167). Monitoring was performed at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months post-procedure (T0-T8) including clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations. The dog reached T8 in good clinical condition. Comparing echocardiographic parameters from T0 to T8, ejection fraction (EF%) did not worsen, indeed showing potential improvement (30% to 38% from T0 to T8 respectively) (Simpson method). Other parameters of disease progression varied minimally over the course of the study. From T0 to T8, no relevant change in medical therapy was necessary. The dog survived 341 days from the last follow-up and died of sudden death 1436 days after the procedure (T0). A survival time of 4 years in good health is an excellent outcome suggesting a possible protective role of VEFG-B167 in slowing disease progression in this dog.
‘I can see that it’s bad for them’: third party judgements about the effect of procedural injustice on mental health and relationships with the police
Authors: Kyprianides Arabella , Bradford Ben 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Explore why people react so strongly to procedural injustice experienced by others. One possibility is that people recognise the marginalisation and psychological harm that injustice can cause.

Methods
An online experiment tested whether exposure to procedurally unjust police behaviour directed at crime victims would influence participants’ assessments of the subject’s marginalisation, mental health outcomes, and their overall perceptions of the police (N = 300).

Results
Exposure to procedurally unjust police behaviour led to more negative evaluations of its psychological impact on the victim. Procedural injustice was seen as harmful to mental health due to its link to social exclusion. Such exposure reduced trust, legitimacy, and identification with police. These negative perceptions were driven by recognition of the victim’s psychological harm.

Conclusion
Findings highlight the critical role of psychological harm in driving public responses to unjust policing. Addressing this harm is essential for fostering trust and repairing fractured relationships between police and the communities they serve.
Ignored or underestimated - evaluation and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Wasmuth Anja , van de Loo Iris , Domberg Julia , Harbeck Birgit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) are known to have a higher cardiovascular risk (CVR) than the normal population. In particular arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, hyperlipoproteinemia as well as metabolic disturbances contribute to the increased morbidity and mortality. Aim of this study was to evaluate known CVR factors along with the quality of care by the treating physicians.

Methods
To this end the medical records of AI patients were screened for CVR factors and the treatment initiated was documented. In addition, a questionnaire evaluating CVR factors was analyzed if available.

Results
In total, 327 AI patients were included in the study. At least 298 of these patients were found to have one or more CVR factors. Ninety-one patients were diagnosed with arterial hypertension, of these 40 patients (44%) still showed increased blood pressure (BP) values. Of all AI patients, about 25% (n = 83) did not have measurements to calculate their BMI, even though obesity is known as a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. Out of 46 patients with diabetes, one-quarter still had increased HbA1c values. Regarding hyperlipoproteinemia, only 2% of AI patients achieved normal lipid values across all parameters (n = 8). Interestingly, at least one lipid variable was untested in 150 patients (46%).

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates (1) the high rate of CVR factors in AI patients, leading to increased morbidity and eventually mortality, (2) AI patients are inadequately monitored and treated for CVR factors, (3) treating physicians should be aware of this risk to minimize complications where possible.
Further disintegration of Piptocarphinae, an amplified concept of Critoniopsis and notes on the occurrence of paleae in Piptocarpha (Compositae: Vernonieae)
Authors: Aguilar-Cano José , Siniscalchi Carolina M. , Lucas Eve , Malakasi Panagiota , Loeuille Benoît 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The circumscription of the tribe Vernonieae (Compositae) has been problematic due to the reorganisation of the polyphyletic genus Vernonia and the creation of many small genera. Recent phylogenetic studies have focused on the relationships within Vernonieae but few studies have explored the generic relationships within subtribe Piptocarphinae. Of note, some diagnostic features of Piptocarphinae are not unique to the subtribe and are found in other Vernonieae genera. In this study, we explored the phylogenetic relationships in Piptocarphinae, the genus boundaries in this subtribe and tested the infrageneric affinities of the paleate species, using previously published and newly generated nuclear ITS sequences for 65% of the genera of American Vernonieae. Results agree with previous phylogenetic studies, where nearly all subtribes are seemingly paraphyletic or polyphyletic. Piptocarphinae emerges as polyphyletic and should be reduced to contain only the monophyletic Piptocarpha, whereas Critoniopsis is monophyletic only if Cuatrecasanthus is included. We propose placing Cuatrecasanthus and Joseanthus in synonymy of Critoniopsis, resulting in eight new combinations: C. chimborazensis, C. giannasii, C. flexipappa, C. kingii, C. lanceolatus, C. sandemanii, C. sparrei and C. trichotoma and a new name, C. boekei. Piptocoma also resolves as non-monophyletic but no taxonomic recommendations are made, as few species have been sampled in phylogenies so far. We present a new combination in the genus Piptocarpha, P. glomerulata. The presence of paleae likely emerged independently at least three times in American Vernonieae. Paleate receptacles are present in three different series in Piptocarpha subg. Piptocarpha, which indicates that paleae have likely arisen twice in the evolution of Piptocarpha. Finally, a brief discussion about the adaptive function of paleae and pappus is provided.
A Novel Framework for Evaluating the Intrinsic Mechanical Properties of Sheet Metals Using Two-dimensional Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Kim Jaehun , Gu Gang Hee , Kwon Jihye , Seo Min Hong , Kim Hyoung Seop 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, we propose a novel method for deriving an extensive true stress-strain curve from uniaxial tensile tests by applying a two-dimensional digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The gauge section of the specimen deforms uniformly within the uniform elongation regime, but in the post-necking non-uniform elongation regime, stress and strain become localized exclusively within the necked section due to plastic instability. Based on the volume constancy condition of plastic deformation, the transverse, axial, and thickness strain components are estimated, enabling the visualization of the evolving cross-sectional area. True stress and true strain over a wide strain range are evaluated by developing a method that encompasses the stress and strain concentrated in the necked section. As a result, the true stress-strain curve over the wide strain range accurately describes the nonlinear hardening behavior over higher strain levels compared to the conventional gauge length method. The accuracy of the proposed approach is validated using finite element method (FEM) simulation. This method offers a straightforward and precise means of obtaining wide range true stress-strain curves through uniaxial tensile tests and two-dimensional DIC equipment, without requiring separate FEM simulations, correction factors, or constitutive equations.

Graphical Abstract
Ferrofluid reaction wheel development and in-orbit verification
Authors: Ehresmann Manfred , Zajonz Sebastian , Korn Christian , Großmann Steffen , Dietrich Janoah , Kob Maximilian , Philipp Daniel , Turco Fabrizio , Steinert Michael , O’Donohue Michael , Heinz Nicolas , Gutierrez Elizabeth , Wagner Alexander , Bölke Daniel , Sütterlin Saskia , Schneider Maximilian , Remane Yolantha , Kreul Phil , Wank Bianca , Buchfink Manuel , Acker Denis , Hofmann Sonja , Karahan Bahar , Ruffner Silas , Schäfer Felix , Herdrich Georg 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In contemporary satellite systems, the Attitude and Orbit Control System (AOCS) manages internal torque generation primarily through Reaction Wheels (RW) and Control Moment Gyros (CMG), which use mechanically mounted rotating disks to control orientation without expelling mass. Unlike magnetorquers, which interact with Earth’s magnetic field, or thruster-based Reaction Control Systems (RCS), which generate external forces by expelling propellant, RW and CMG systems rely solely on momentum exchange within the spacecraft. While state-of-the-art RWs are highly reliable and have demonstrated exceptional performance over decades of operation, their design still presents inherent challenges, such as wear, nonlinear friction effects, and tribological degradation of contact surfaces. These challenges are critical in space, where repairs are impractical and/or resource-intense. Consequently, engineers have devoted significant effort to developing robust and reliable mechanical reaction wheels. This paper explores an innovative proof-of-concept design based on a fluid-magnetic system utilizing ferrofluids and permanent magnets. This study aims to address limitations of traditional RWs by eliminating mechanical interfaces susceptible to wear and tear and replacing them with a low friction ferrofluidic bearing. Ferrofluid-based system concepts can offer a longer life due to reduced wear and tear, lower production costs by requiring less exotic materials and tolerances, self-center within the provided magnetic potential field and can therefore exhibit reduced vibration behavior. The Ferrowheel experiment, flown as part of the FARGO mission (Überflieger 2 competition of the space agency within DLR) in March and April 2023, demonstrated the feasibility of ferrofluidic bearings for attitude control in ISS microgravity. These results contribute to exploration of innovative reaction wheel technologies, highlighting the potential of fluid-based systems for applications requiring enhanced robustness and reduced mechanical wear.
Improving winter wheat yield and quality by wheat-legume intercropping in organic farming sytems
Authors: Hoang Trong Nghia , Konvalina Petr , Murindangabo Yves Theoneste , Capouchová Ivana , Dvořák Petr , Tran Dang Hoa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Intercropping, a traditional agricultural practice that maximizes crop yield and resource usage effectiveness. However, changes in the types of legumes and field management can alter the response of crop functions. A three-year experiment was conducted in Prague and České Budějovice to test the influence of legume species and legume management practices in winter wheat-legume intercropping on grain yield and quality of wheat in organic farming. Intercropping of wheat and legume species did not influence wheat grain yield, but the technological quality of wheat improved. Wheat + spring pea (W + Sp) responds the best to the grain yield and baking quality among intercropping systems, followed by wheat + faba bean (W + Fa) for grain yield and wheat + winter pea (W + Wi) for baking quality. Higher protein content in W + Sp and W + Wi intercropping compared to sole wheat by 5 and 5.4%. Wet gluten was higher in W + Wi than in wheat sown alone by 11%. There was no significant difference in volume weight, falling number, and Zeleny sedimentation under the effect of wheat and different legume species intercropping. Mixed intercropping was recorded better than row intercropping in our condition, considering both wheat grain yield and baking quality respect. To conclude, achieving wheat yield and grain quality under the impact of winter wheat and legume intercropping requires considering the optimal solution based on legume species and different conditions to achieve the desired response.
Reducing Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in a Pediatric CICU: A Review
Authors: Milam Anna , Ballard Lauren , Beck Guy , Bischoff Denielle , Bruns Katie , Ozolins Amanda , Cooper David S. , Craven Jennifer N. , Glenn Amanda , Gist Katja M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Hospital acquired infection (HAI) prevention has been a top priority for healthcare professionals to ensure patient safety. Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) account for over half of all HAIs and are associated with increased morbidity, including prolonged hospital length of stay, mortality, and higher hospital costs. This review briefly discusses the burden of CLABSIs in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) and highlights our approach to current evidence-based practice interventions to aid in CLABSI reduction.

Recent Findings
Pediatric CICU patients are at an increased CLABSI risk due to their critical status, frequent use of central lines for prolonged periods, limited access availability for placement, and length of hospital stay. Literature has shown that consistent and reliable performance of evidence-based practice interventions can aid in the overall reduction of CLABSIs in various patient populations. Performing these interventions can maintain low CLABSI rates among this patient population. Using rapid Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles beginning in early 2022, we implemented several interventions, including multidisciplinary leadership rounds, a risk identification tool to reduce high CLABSI rates at our institution. In our center, we have demonstrated benefit from interventions described herein.

Summary
Reducing CLABSI occurrences in pediatric CICU patients can improve patient outcomes, enhance patient safety, and reduce per capita costs to both the patient and institution. Dissemination of reliable evidence-based interventions in this patient population can further be adopted in other institutions to reduce CLABSIs.
Modulating Electromagnetic Genes Through Bi-Phase High-Entropy Engineering Toward Temperature-Stable Ultra-Broadband Megahertz Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Liu Xiaoji , Duan Yuping , Wu Nan , Li Guangming , Guo Yuan , Liu Jiangyong , Zhu Ning , Wang Qiang , Wang Lin , Xu Zichen , Wei Hao , Wang Guojun , Zhang Zhijia , Zhang Songsong , Zhou Wenjun , Ma Teng , Wang Tongmin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Magnetic absorbers with high permeability have significant advantages in low-frequency and broadband electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. However, the insufficient magnetic loss and inherent high conductivity of existing magnetic absorbers limit the further expansion of EMW absorption bandwidth. Herein, the spinel (FeCoNiCrCu)3O4 high-entropy oxides (HEO) are successfully constructed on the surface of FeCoNiCr0.4Cu0.2 high-entropy alloys (HEA) through low-temperature oxygen bath treatment. On the one hand, HEO and HEA have different magnetocrystalline anisotropies, which is conducive to achieving continuous natural resonance to improve magnetic loss. On the other hand, HEO with low conductivity can serve as an impedance matching layer, achieving magneto-electric co-modulation. When the thickness is 5 mm, the minimum reflection loss (RL) value and absorption bandwidth (RL <  − 5 dB) of bi-phase high-entropy composites (BPHEC) can reach − 12.8 dB and 633 MHz, respectively. The RCS reduction value of multilayer sample with impedance gradient characteristic can reach 18.34 dB m2. In addition, the BPHEC also exhibits temperature-stable EMW absorption performance, high Curie temperature, and oxidation resistance. The absorption bandwidth maintains between 593 and 691 MHz from − 50 to 150 °C. This work offers a new and tunable strategy toward modulating the electromagnetic genes for temperature-stable ultra-broadband megahertz EMW absorption.
Durable Acidic Oxygen Evolution Via Self-Construction of Iridium Oxide/Iridium-Tantalum Oxide Bi-Layer Nanostructure with Dynamic Replenishment of Active Sites
Authors: Guo Qi , Li Rui , Zhang Yanan , Zhang Qiqin , He Yi , Li Zhibin , Liu Weihong , Liu Xiongjun , Lu Zhaoping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis presents considerable advantages in green hydrogen production. Nevertheless, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in PEM water electrolysis currently encounter several pressing challenges, including high noble metal loading, low mass activity, and inadequate durability, which impede their practical application and commercialization. Here we report a self-constructed layered catalyst for acidic OER by directly using an Ir–Ta-based metallic glass as the matrix, featuring a nanoporous IrO2 surface formed in situ on the amorphous IrTaO
x
nanostructure during OER. This distinctive architecture significantly enhances the accessibility and utilization of Ir, achieving a high mass activity of 1.06 A mgIr
−1 at a 300 mV overpotential, 13.6 and 31.2 times greater than commercial Ir/C and IrO2, respectively. The catalyst also exhibits superb stability under industrial-relevant current densities in acid, indicating its potential for practical uses. Our analyses reveal that the coordinated nature of the surface-active Ir species is effectively modulated through electronic interaction between Ir and Ta, preventing them from rapidly evolving into high valence states and suppressing the lattice oxygen participation. Furthermore, the underlying IrTaO
x
dynamically replenishes the depletion of surface-active sites through inward crystallization and selective dissolution, thereby ensuring the catalyst’s long-term durability.
Multistage Refining of Silicon Using CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 and CaO–SiO2–MgO Slags
Authors: Putera A. D. P. , Avarmaa K. L. , Petrus H. T. B. M. , Chen J. , Brooks G. A. , Rhamdhani M. A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Multistage slag treatment was carried out for silicon refining with a focus of removal of boron. Boron is one of the difficult elements to remove from silicon. Depending on the initial concentration, boron can be removed from silicon into slag to a certain level. Previous studies have attained final 50–100 ppmw (parts per million weight) boron in silicon using slag treatment. The term ‘multistage’ refers to a process, where the resulting silicon from the initial slag treatment is further refined multiple times using a new slag. In this study, slags with initial composition of 45CaO–45SiO2–10Al2O3 and—10MgO (wt %) were utilized. Based on the thermodynamics, boron level in the silicon is expected to be lowered sequentially because the new slag will always have the same capacity to absorb boron to reach the equilibrium level. The amount of boron at equilibrium can be represented by a distribution coefficient (L
B = (ppmwB)slag/(ppmwB)Si). The current study was carried out through combined thermodynamic calculations and high-temperature experimentations. The thermodynamic calculations were carried out for reactions at 1500, 1550, and 1600 °C for four different scenarios: (1) Single-stage refining with varied slag-to-silicon ratio, (2) Multistage refining with slag-to-silicon ratio of 1:1, (3) 2:1, and (4) 4:1. The multistage experimental work was carried out at 1550 °C under an inert gas atmosphere each time for 2 h, with slag-to-silicon ratio of 1:1 and 2:1. The thermodynamic simulation results indicated that the boron distribution coefficient essentially stays constant at around 1.8 to 2, with varying slag-to-silicon ratio and temperature. The simulation also showed that boron can be removed by approximately 78% in each stage. The experimental results measured LB in a similar range, between 1.4 and 2.9 and confirmed that, in total, the boron concentration in the silicon was reduced by an average of 98% for slag-to-silicon ratio of 2:1, and 95–97% for slag-to-silicon ratio of 1:1 after four stages of treatment.

Graphical Abstract
Validating THz time-domain spectroscopy as a tool for characterizing low pressure inductively coupled plasmas of ion thrusters
Authors: Bräumer Kalle , Sandoval Rodriguez Rodrigo , Stein Markus , Keil Konstantin , Holste Kristof , Becker Felix , Zorn Jana , Wehkamp Konrad , Chatterjee Sangam , Klar Peter J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accurate characterization of plasmas within the discharge chambers of gridded ion engines is essential for their advancement. This study showcases the effectivity of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) as a non-invasive technique for profiling low-pressure inductively coupled plasmas, mimicking the conditions of the discharge chamber in a radio-frequency ion thruster. Operating at pressures of 3 -

$$7\cdot 10^{-3}$$

7
·

10

-
3

mbar inside the discharge chamber and a supply power of the radio frequency generator ranging from 10 - 80 W, THz-TDS reveals electron densities in the range of

$$2\cdot 10^{16}$$

2
·

10
16

-

$$2\cdot 10^{17}$$

2
·

10
17

m

$$^{-3}$$

-
3

for xenon, krypton, and argon plasmas. Our results show good agreement with Langmuir probe measurements and global plasma modeling, highlighting the accuracy and reliability of THz-TDS. This validation, conducted under conditions representative of gridded ion engines, demonstrates that THz-TDS is, in principle, suitable for characterizing the electron system of the plasma ignited in such thrusters in operation. This offers great potential of developing a promising additional tool for plasma diagnostics in electric propulsion systems.