bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Oral Mucosal Light Reflectance in Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Authors: Parrini Stefano , Di Maggio Giovanni , Latini Giuseppe , Bianciardi Giorgio , Valdambrini Laura , De Felice Claudio 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTObjectives:Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common condition requiring surgical intervention during the first weeks of life. The etiology of IHPS is unknown, although both neuronal nitric oxide synthase upregulation and an extracellular matrix abnormality are suspected. Familial predisposition is an important feature. Phenotypical markers of IHPS, such as hypoplasia or agenesis of the inferior labial frenulum, have been described. The authors tested the hypothesis that IHPS is associated with abnormal reflectance of the oral mucosa.Methods:Twenty‐five children with surgically confirmed IHPS and 25 gender‐ and age‐matched control subjects participated in the study. Reflectance of the lower gingival and vestibular oral mucosa in the optical spectrum was measured using an imaging spectrophotometer.Results:Patients with IHPS had significantly higher light reflectance values in the violet, blue, blue‐green, green, yellow, and orange sections of the spectrum (all P values < 0.0001), with a maximum distance between group means at the 450‐nm wavelength (t‐value: 27.66, df = 48). A reflectance cutoff >5.26% at the 450‐nm wavelength identified patients with IHPS with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity.Conclusions:This study reports a previously unrecognized mucosal reflectance abnormality of the oral mucosa in IHPS, thus offering a new, accurate, and noninvasive phenotypic marker for the condition.
A New Model for Studying Eosinophil Migration Across Cultured Intestinal Epithelial Monolayers
Authors: Michail Sonia , Abernathy Frank 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTObjective:Eosinophils play an important role in some gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions. Stimulated eosinophils migrate across the vascular endothelial wall and into the intestinal epithelium where by‐products such as proteases may contribute to intestinal epithelial damage. Little is known about the epithelial migration of the eosinophils in the gut. The lack of data is attributable in part to the scarcity of human eosinophils for studies. HL‐60–differentiated eosinophils present a means to perform studies on eosinophil function and chemotaxis. HL‐60 clone 15 can be induced to differentiate into cells closely resembling human eosinophils. The authors describe a novel model for studying eosinophil migration across the intestinal epithelium.Methods:Fluorescent‐labeled HL‐60 eosinophils were incubated for 150 minutes on the basolateral surface of confluent and inverted T‐84 monolayers separated by fluoroblock insert membranes. Chemotactic gradients of n‐formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (fMLP), eotaxin, and platelet aggregating factor (PAF) were used in variable concentrations. Changes in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) were compared with baseline values.Results:Differentiated HL‐60 eosinophils undergo migration in response to fMLP, PAF, and eotaxin. Migration is associated with a drop in TEER.Conclusion:In this model, HL‐60–differentiated eosinophils migrate in response to stimulants chemotactic for human eosinophils. The transepithelial migration of eosinophils is associated with epithelial barrier dysfunction, which may contribute to the development of disease.
Distinct targeting and uptake of platelet and red blood cell‐derived extracellular vesicles into immune cells
Authors: Ilvonen Petra , Pusa Reetta , Härkönen Kai , Laitinen Saara , Impola Ulla 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBlood‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great therapeutic potential. As blood contains mixed EV populations, it is challenging to study EVs originating from different cells separately. Blood cell concentrates manufactured in blood banks offer an excellent non‐invasive source of blood cell‐specific EV populations. To study blood cell‐specific EVs, we isolated EVs from platelet (TREVs) and red blood cell (EryEVs) concentrates and characterized them using nanoparticle tracking analysis, imaging flow cytometry, electron microscopy and western blot analysis and co‐cultured them with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our aim was to use imaging flow cytometry to investigate EV interaction with PBMCs as well as study their effects on T‐lymphocyte populations to better understand their possible biological functions. As a conclusion, TREVs interacted with PBMCs more than EryEVs. Distinctively, TREVs were uptaken into CD11c+ monocytes rapidly and into CD19+ B‐lymphocytes in 24 h. EryEVs were not uptaken into CD11c+ monocytes before the 24‐h time point, and they were only seen on the surface of lymphocytes. Neither TREVs nor EryEV were uptaken into CD3+ T‐lymphocytes and no effect on T‐cell populations was detected. We have previously seen similar differences in targeting PC‐3 cancer cells. Further studies are needed to address the functional properties of blood cell concentrate‐derived EVs. This study demonstrates that imaging flow cytometry can be used to study the distinctive differences in the interaction and uptake of EVs. Considering our current and previous results, EVs present a new valuable component for the future development of blood‐derived therapeutics.
Arc‐disjoint out‐branchings and in‐branchings in semicomplete digraphs
Authors: Bang‐Jensen J. , Wang Y. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn out‐branching (in‐branching ) in a digraph is a connected spanning subdigraph of in which every vertex except the vertex , called the root, has in‐degree (out‐degree) one. It is well known that there exists a polynomial algorithm for deciding whether a given digraph has arc‐disjoint out‐branchings with prescribed roots ( is part of the input). In sharp contrast to this, it is already NP‐complete to decide if a digraph has one out‐branching which is arc‐disjoint from some in‐branching. A digraph is semicomplete if it has no pair of nonadjacent vertices. A tournament is a semicomplete digraph without directed cycles of length 2. In this paper we give a complete classification of semicomplete digraphs that have an out‐branching which is arc‐disjoint from some in‐branching where are prescribed vertices of . Our characterization, which is surprisingly simple, generalizes a complicated characterization for tournaments from 1991 by the first author and our proof implies the existence of a polynomial algorithm for checking whether a given semicomplete digraph has such a pair of branchings for prescribed vertices and construct a solution if one exists. This confirms a conjecture of Bang‐Jensen for the case of semicomplete digraphs.
民間船舶を活用した災害医療(The possibility and usefulness of using civilian ships in times of disaster: Challenges of medical treatment on shipboard)
Authors: 航 野口 , 飛鳥 土谷 , 弘道 青木 , 誠司 守田 , 儀英 中川 , 吉彦 山田 
Published: January 2024

要旨【目的】第二次世界大戦以前，“病院船”は本邦においても運用されていたが，以降は姿を消した。近年災害時の“多目的船”として再び議論され，政府機関内の実証訓練を経て，2021年「災害時等における船舶を活用した医療提供体制の整備の推進に関する法律」が成立した。実際の民間船舶で実証訓練を行った結果から，災害時に提供可能な医療内容や活用する船舶における課題を抽出し検討した。【対象】学校法人東海大学が保有する海洋調査研修船『望星丸』内で「提供可能な医療」「患者搬送手段と方法」を検証する訓練を行った。軽症から中等症の16名の模擬患者に対し，DMATが乗船し診療，移動，療養管理を行った。【結果】船内常備およびDMATが持参する医療資機材で医療対応は可能であった。船室を活用し療養環境を確保できた。感染症対応は船外の通路を用いた動線分離が可能であった。車椅子，担架を用いて狭隘な通路や階段の移動は可能であった。訓練後アンケートより亜急性期の患者を収容し被災地外へ搬送する役割が期待された。【結語】既存の民間船舶であっても，船内設備を生かしつつ医療者が医療資機材を持ち込むことで，災害時に活用可能であることが示唆された。民間船舶の規模に応じた活用方法を平時から検討し，医療者・民間船舶の合同訓練を行うことで，民間船舶は災害時の有効なツールとなることが期待される。
ECMO脱血カニューレが上行腰静脈経由で下大静脈に留置されたが静脈造影下の抜去に成功した1例(A case of successful removal of an ECMO drainage cannula placed into the inferior vena cava via the ascending lumbar vein under venography)
Authors: 博之 本田 , 秀一郎 栗田 , 亨 松井 , さとみ 大橋 , 哲大 平田 , 陽祐 堀井 , 慶 西山 
Published: January 2024

要旨　体外式膜型人工肺（extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: ECMO）施行時に超音波検査で脱血カニューレ先端が下大静脈–右房接合部に存在することを確認したにもかかわらず上行腰静脈迷入が判明した症例を経験した。症例は70歳代の男性。呼吸不全に対してveno–venous ECMOを導入した。脱血カニューレを挿入する際に抵抗があったが，心窩部超音波検査でガイドワイヤが下大静脈内にあることを確認していたため手技を続行した。その後，ECMOの血液流量が減少したため画像検索を行ったところ，脱血カニューレが上行腰静脈を経由して下大静脈に到達していることが判明した。抜去に際して出血の懸念があった。緊急手術に対応できるように準備し，脱血カニューレ内腔にバルーン付きガイドカテーテルを挿入して閉塞させ，静脈造影しつつ抜去した。出血時は静脈塞栓術を行う予定であったが出血は生じなかった。本症例のような迷入経路がありうるため，心窩部超音波検査のみではカニューレの上行腰静脈迷入を除外できない。下腹部超音波検査やX線撮影で確認することも考えられるが，時間に余裕があれば血管造影室で透視下にECMOを導入すべきである。迷入したカニューレを抜去する際にはバルーン付きガイドカテーテルを用いた静脈造影が選択肢の一つとなりうる。
Dorsoventral hippocampus distinctly modulates visceral sensitivity and anxiety behaviors in male IBS‐like rats
Authors: Lin Wei , Zhou Yifei , Liu Yuan , Liu Congxu , Lin Mengying , Tang Ying , Chen Aiqin , Wu Bin , Lin Chun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccumulating evidences suggest dysfunctions in the hippocampus are associated with chronic pain. Nevertheless, the role of hippocampal circuitry in pain memories and emotional responses is not yet fully understood. In this study, we utilized a comprehensive approach that combined electromyography (EMG), photochemical genetic techniques, and anxiety‐related behavioral paradigms to investigate the involvement of dorsal hippocampus (DH) and ventral hippocampus (VH) in visceral sensitivity and anxiety behaviors in male rats. Our results demonstrated that IBS‐like rats exhibited comorbid visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety, along with the number of activated neurons in the VH was higher than that in the DH. Manipulation of glutamatergic neurons in the hippocampus was identified as a crucial mechanism underlying the mediation of both visceral sensitivity and anxiety behaviors. Specifically, optogenetic activation of the DH induced both visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety, while activation of the VH induced anxiety but did not affect visceral sensitivity. Conversely, chemogenetic inhibition of the DH reduced both visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety, whereas inhibition of the VH alleviated anxiety but did not alleviate visceral hypersensitivity in IBS‐like rats. Our study highlights the important role of early life stress in inducing visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety, and further elucidates the distinct functional contributions of the DH and VH to these behavioral changes. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of IBS, and suggest that targeting specific hippocampal neuron subtypes may represent a promising therapeutic approach.
Identification of cavotricuspid isthmus voltage patterns in typical atrial flutter ablation
Authors: Ribes Francisco , Ferrero‐de‐Loma‐Osorio Ángel , Sánchez‐Gómez Juan Miguel , Bondanza Lourdes , Martínez‐Brotons Ángel , Ruiz‐Granell Ricardo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundElectroanatomical mapping is an essential tool in the ablation of typical AFL.ObjectivesTo identify the existence of voltage patterns in the CTI voltage maps and their relevance for typical AFL ablation.MethodsA voltage map of the CTI was made prior to ablation, identifying the areas of maximum voltage and their location along the CTI, allowing classification into patterns according to their distribution. A stepwise ablation approach targeting the areas of maximum voltage was conducted. The ablation characteristics were compared based on the pattern obtained.ResultsTwo voltage patterns were identified, with differences in ablation time to bidirectional CTI block. No complications occurred.ConclusionsVoltage mapping identifies patterns in the CTI with implications for typical AFL ablation.
Raman study of the soft modification of graphene by femtosecond laser irradiation
Authors: Soto‐Puebla Diego , Alvarez‐Garcia Susana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProcessing a graphene surface by irradiation with a fs‐pulsed laser at energies below the ablation threshold allows the production of non‐thermally modified regions with slightly different properties than pristine graphene. Oxidized nanoislands, optical forging, and nanopore networks are modifications of the graphene structure recently reported using a wide range of fs‐laser energies. In this work, we first determined the pulse energy threshold of a fs‐laser for the ablation of a commercial CVD graphene sample. Then we irradiated the sample in an extended range of pulse energies relative to the ablation threshold value. The irradiation process was simultaneously monitored by Raman spectroscopy, and the evolution of each Raman parameter (central position, bandwidth, and intensity) was analyzed. Special attention was given to the pulse energy that produced linear relationships between most Raman parameter pairs. These linear correlations evidence the interrelation between multiple Raman parameters and a soft processing method applicable to the controlled modification of the graphene lattice.
A low carrying angle is measured in elite tennis players just before ball impact during the forehand, suggesting a dynamic varus instant accommodation moving towards full extension
Authors: Arrigoni Paolo , Cucchi Davide , Beltrame Giulia , Ribolzi Romeo , Ceccarelli Claudio , Zaolino Carlo , Ellenbecker Todd , Randelli Pietro S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThe goal of this study was to use image analysis recordings to measure the carrying angle of elite male tennis players during the forehand stroke, with the hypothesis that elite tennis players overstress their elbow in valgus over the physiological degree in the frontal plane just before ball contact on forehand groundstrokes.MethodsThe carrying angle of male tennis players ranked in the top 25 positions in the ATP ranking was measured on selected video frames with the elbow as close as possible to full extension just before the ball‐racket contact in forehands. These frames were extracted from 306 videos professionally recorded for training purposes by a high‐profile video analyst. All measures were conducted by three independent observers.ResultsSixteen frames were finally included. The mean carrying angle was 11.5° ± 4.7°. The intraclass correlation coefficient value was 0.703, showing good reliability of the measurement technique. The measured carrying angle was lower than what has been observed in historical cohorts using comparable measurement methodology, suggesting a possible instant varus accommodation mechanism before hitting the ball.ConclusionsThe observed decrease in the carrying angle is a consequence of an increase in elbow flexion position dictated by the transition from a closed to open, semi‐open stances. As the elbow flexes during the preparation phase, it is less constrained by the olecranon and its fossa, increasing the strain on the medial collateral ligament and capsule structures. Moving towards full extension before the ball‐racket contact, the elbow is dynamically stabilised by a contraction of the flexor muscles. These observations could provide a new explanation for medial elbow injuries among elite tennis players and drive specific rehabilitation protocols.Study DesignDescriptive epidemiology study.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Gait kinematics and knee stability 10‐years following posterior‐stabilised total knee arthroplasty comparable to healthy adults >55
Authors: Tawy Gwenllian F. , Biant Leela C. , McNicholas Michael J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the long‐term objective biomechanical and functional parameters of a high‐flexion total knee arthroplasty (TKA) design against healthy older adults to determine whether knee biomechanics are comparable in both populations.MethodsOne cohort of patients with a primary TKA, and a cohort of healthy adults over 55 years old with no musculoskeletal deficits or arthritis participated. Bilateral knee range of motion (RoM) was assessed with a goniometer, and gait patterns were analysed with a three‐dimensional‐motion capture system. An arthrometer quantified the anterior‐posterior laxity of each knee. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS software (α = 0.05).ResultsTwenty‐three knees were replaced in 20 patients. At 9.8 ± 3.1 years postoperatively, patients' knees had a statistically significantly poorer RoM than healthy controls' knees (n = 23) due to limited flexion; p < 0.0001. Patients also failed to achieve the same degree of knee flexion as controls during downhill gait. No kinematic differences were observed during mid‐flexion in level nor downhill gait; a state that has been associated with instability (p = 0.614; not significant [n.s]). There were no differences between groups in knee laxity (n.s).ConclusionPatients in this study had similar gait patterns to healthy older adults during mid‐flexion and were no more likely than the healthy controls to exhibit anterior‐posterior translation of the knee > 7 mm; a known risk factor of instability. However, the knee flexion range was poorer. This likely led to bilateral pathological knee flexion patterns during downhill gait.Level of Evidence: Level III.
Single‐ or two‐stage revision after failed ACL reconstruction: No differences in re‐revision rates and clinical outcomes
Authors: Nielsen Torsten Grønbech , Sørensen Ole Gade , Lind Martin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThe surgeons' choice of a single‐stage or a two‐stage procedure in revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLr) is based on the possibility of reuse of the tibia and femoral bone tunnels after primary ACLr. The purpose of this study was to compare failure rates and clinical outcomes following single‐stage and two‐stage ACL revisions in a cohort of patients from The Danish Knee Ligament Reconstruction Registry.MethodsPatients identified from 2005 to 2022 with ACL revision and met the following criteria: minimum 2‐year follow‐up, isolated ACL revision and registered single‐ or two‐stage ACL revision. The primary outcome was ACL re‐revision rate. Secondary outcomes were arthrometer sagittal knee laxity (side‐to‐side difference) and pivot shift (rotational stability difference) evaluated at 1‐year follow up.ResultsOne thousand five hundred seventy‐four ACL revisions were included in the study (1331 = single‐stage and 243 = two stage). Baseline characteristics showed no difference in relation to age, gender, knee laxity, pivot shift, meniscus injury, cartilage damage or injury mechanism between the two groups. Significant differences were found in relation to the type of graft. No statistical difference in 2‐years revision rates between single‐stage group 2.79 (95% CI 2.03−3.84) and two‐stage group 2.93 (95% CI 1.41−6.05) was found. No significant difference was seen in knee laxity and pivot shift between stage‐groups at 1‐year follow up. Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in knee stability from baseline to 1‐year follow‐up.ConclusionThe present study found that ACL revision outcomes were similar in terms of rerevision rates and knee laxity for patients managed with a single‐ or a two‐stage surgical strategy.Level of Evidence: Level III.
Economic impacts of land degradation: Evidence from Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Angaman Kadio Valere , Mirzabaev Alisher , Niang Birahim Bouna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLand degradation poses major environmental and economic problems to Côte d'Ivoire because of the dependence of its economy on agriculture. There is a lot of literature measuring the effects of land degradation on crop productivity or qualitatively describing economic impacts on farmers' livelihoods. However, there is little knowledge available quantifying the economic losses in agriculture due to land degradation within a methodologically rigorous causal framework. Therefore, we evaluate the net farming income reduction caused by land degradation in the Trays ecosystem in Cote d'Ivoire using an instrumental variable two‐stage least square‐IV method and primary household surveys and soil sampling data collected from 780 farmers in this study area. The findings indicate that soil organic matter (SOM), education, property rights, and farm size squares positively influence the net farming income, while plot slope, erosion, and farm size reduce the net farmer incomes. Specifically, a reduction of 0.07 units on average of the net farming income is observed when the SOM decreases by 1 percentage point. These findings help us draw the attention of the farmers, government, and non‐governmental organizations to the necessity of adopting sustainable land management practices to deal with land degradation, and improve farmers' income and the population's welfare through maintaining fertile and healthy soils.
Flow field analysis and structure optimization of liquid sodium hybrid bearing
Authors: Song Fei , Yang Xuefeng , Zhang Zhiqiang , Dong Wenlong , Wu Min , Wang Zhiyuan , Zhu Yeqi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiquid sodium hybrid bearing is mechanical pump shaft bottom key support components, that play a balanced radial force of the impeller by fluid effect, in order to improve the bearing performance, based on the calculation model, simulation analysis, structure improvement and other aspects of analysis, this paper based on the theory of fluid mechanics of bearing finite element model for numerical calculation and analysis of flow field. Under different eccentricities and vibration velocities, the influence of structure improvement on bearing capacity is analysed. The results show that the bearing capacity of the liquid sodium hybrid bearing is mainly the hydrostatic bearing capacity, and the hydrodynamic pressure only plays an auxiliary role. After the improvement of the load‐bearing structure, the load‐bearing capacity is increased by 4%–7.3%. And the leakage is reduced by 27%–38% when the depth of the annular groove is 0.6 mm.
Impact of patient position on cystometric parameters in pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder: A prospective study
Authors: Canmemiş Arzu , Aydöner Sinem , Kerem Özel Şeyhmus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsUrodynamic studies (UDSs) play a crucial role in evaluating lower urinary tract function in pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder. However, the influence of patient position on urodynamic parameters in this population remains understudied. This study aims to investigate the effect of patient position on urodynamic results in children with neurogenic bladder.MethodsA prospective study was conducted with 50 pediatric patients diagnosed with neurogenic bladder. Urodynamic recordings were obtained during a single session, with the first two fillings in the supine position and the third filling in the sitting position. Urodynamic parameters assessed included detrusor overactivity (DO), maximum detrusor pressure (MDP), cystometric bladder capacity (CBC), compliance (C), detrusor leak point pressure (DLPP), and bladder volume at the moment of incontinence (DLPV).ResultsPatient position did not significantly influence CBC, DO, C, and DLPV (p > 0.05). However, there were significant differences in MDP and DLPP between the supine and sitting positions (p < 0.05), with higher values observed in the supine position.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of considering the patient's position when interpreting urodynamic results and making treatment decisions for children with neurogenic bladder. The higher MDP and DLPP values in the supine position may have clinical implications for assessing upper urinary tract integrity and treatment planning. However, further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and generalize these findings to broader patient populations.