bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribusi Kasus Difteri, Riwayat Imunisasi Difteri, Tingkat Keparahan Gejala dan Risiko Kematian pada Penderita Difteri di Indonesia Tahun 2020 – 2022
Authors: Fardani Sekar Astrika , Wahyono Tri Yunis Miko 
Published: January 2024

Difteri menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian anak dan dewasa pada era pre-vaksin. Insiden difteri secara global kembali meningkat pada beberapa tahun terakhir dengan case fatality rate (CFR) mencapai 10%. Individu tidak memiliki kekebalan alami terhadap difteri, sehingga pemberian imunisasi sangat penting untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap infeksi difteri, mengurangi tingkat keparahan dan risiko kematian yang dapat ditimbulkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran distribusi kasus difteri, riwayat imunisasi difteri, tingkat keparahan gejala dan risiko kematian pada penderita difteri di Indonesia Tahun 2020 – 2022. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain studi serial kasus. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data sekunder dari laporan kasus difteri nasional di Kementerian Kesehatan pada tahun 2020 – 2022. Dari 563 responden, studi kami menunjukkan penderita difteri paling banyak berusia 5 – 17 tahun (53.8%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki (55.8%), serta memiliki gejala ringan (55.6%) seperti demam, sakit tenggorokan dan terdapat pseudomembran. Pada penelitian ini mayoritas penderita difteri tidak mendapatkan imunisasi difteri lengkap atau tidak diimunisasi sama sekali (75.8%). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan secara statistik antara riwayat imunisasi difteri (AOR 2.83, 95%CI 1.23 – 6.54) dan tingkat keparahan gejala (AOR 2.30, 95%CI 1.32 – 4.01) dengan risiko kematian pada penderita difteri. Dengan mengetahui distribusi kasus difteri, riwayat imunisasi difteri, tingkat keparahan gejala dan risiko kematian pada penderita difteri, diharapkan upaya pengendalian difteri dapat dilakukan lebih optimal sehingga dapat menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat difteri.
Diagnostic value of artificial intelligence based on computed tomography (CT) density in benign and malignant pulmonary nodules: a retrospective investigation
Authors: Fan Wei , Liu Huitong , Zhang Yan , Chen Xiaolong , Huang Minggang , Xu Bingqiang 
Published: January 2024

Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic value of artificial intelligence (AI) in the detection and management of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules (PNs) using computed tomography (CT) density.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 130 individuals diagnosed with PNs based on pathological confirmation. The utilization of AI and physicians has been employed in the diagnostic process of distinguishing benign and malignant PNs. The CT images depicting PNs were integrated into AI-based software. The gold standard for evaluating the accuracy of AI diagnosis software and physician interpretation was the pathological diagnosis.

Results
Out of 226 PNs screened from 130 patients diagnosed by AI and physician reading based on CT, 147 were confirmed by pathology. AI had a sensitivity of 94.69% and radiologists had a sensitivity of 85.40% in identifying PNs. The chi-square analysis indicated that the screening capacity of AI was superior to that of physician reading, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). 195 of the 214 PNs suggested by AI were confirmed pathologically as malignant, and 19 were identified as benign; among the 29 PNs suggested by AI as low risk, 13 were confirmed pathologically as malignant, and 16 were identified as benign. From the physician reading, 193 PNs were identified as malignant, 183 were confirmed malignant by pathology, and 10 appeared benign. Physician reading also identified 30 low-risk PNs, 19 of which were pathologically malignant and 11 benign. The physician readings and AI had kappa values of 0.432 and 0.547, respectively. The physician reading and AI area under curves (AUCs) were 0.814 and 0.798, respectively. Both of the diagnostic techniques had worthy diagnostic value, as indicated by their AUCs of >0.7.

Conclusion
It is anticipated that the use of AI-based CT diagnosis in the detection of PNs would increase the precision in early detection of lung carcinoma, as well as yield more precise evidence for clinical management.
Self‐Confinement of Na Metal Deposition in Hollow Carbon Tube Arrays for Ultrastable and High‐Power Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Hou Jingrui , Xu Tingting , Wang Bingyan , Yang Haoyuan , Wang Hui , Kong De Zhi , Lyu Linlong , Li Xinjian , Wang Ye , Xu Zheng‐Long 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSodium metal batteries are promising next‐generation energy storage technology by using energy‐dense and affordable Na metal anodes, yet suffering uncontrollable Na dendritic growth issues. Herein, Au nanoparticle@hollow amorphous carbon tube yolk/shell arrays (Au/HCT‐CC) is rationally designed on carbon cloth as a dynamic host. In situ transmission electron microscopy observations reveal a regulated dendrite‐free Na metal plating/stripping within the Au/HCT‐CC host. The self‐confinement of Na metal deposition in the hollow carbon can further stabilize the electrolyte/electrode interface and homogenize Na ion flux, as evidenced by rigorous experimental and theoretical characterizations, thus successfully accommodating the hurdles to Na metal anodes. When cycling in half cells, the Au/HCT‐CC electrodes deliver remarkably high coulombic efficiencies (CEs) of 99.96% over 2200 h at 5 mA cm−2. The high CE of 99.54% is preserved even under harsh cycling conditions of 10 mA cm−2 and 20 mAh cm−2 for 250 cycles. These values rival the state‐of‐the‐art electrochemical performance for Na metal anodes in literature. Finally, the practical feasibility of the new anode is demonstrated by cycling in Na3V2(PO4)3@C||Na‐Au/HCT‐CC full cells over 900 cycles with an extremely low capacity degradation rate of 0.017% per cycle.
Approaching 100% Comprehensive Utilization Rate of Ultra‐Stable Zn Metal Anodes by Constructing Chitosan‐Based Homologous Gel/Solid Synergistic Interface
Authors: Zhang Zicheng , Wang Xiangwen , Ke Jiaqi , Du Wencheng , Lv Zeheng , Tang Yongchao , Ye Minghui , Zhang Yufei , Liu Xiaoqing , Yang Yang , Wen Zhipeng , Li Cheng Chao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn–metal batteries are considered promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage. However, low zinc utilization rate (ZUR) and limited cycle life are still hinder its commercial application because of severe parasitic side effects. Herein, inspired by the wound healing process, an innovative electrode recovery technology is developed to improve the comprehensive ZUR and prolong the cycling life through repetitive rejuvenation of zinc anode by designing chitosan‐based homologous gel/solid synergistic electrolyte. The designed synergistic electrolyte, consisting of protonated chitosan gel electrolyte and Zn‐chitosan solid electrolyte, exhibits superior zinc ion diffusion capability and low free‐water activity, leading to dendrite‐free Zn deposition and HER inhibition. Moreover, through proton neutralization and zinc ion complexation, the formulated electrolyte can implement the rejuvenation of zinc anode by smoothing interfacial defects and eliminating parasitic byproducts. Consequently, the gel/solid synergistic electrolyte displays reversible Zn plating/stripping chemistry for 4000 cycles with high average Coulombic efficiency (99.8%) and realizes comprehensive ZUR of 97.4% through four iterations of electrode recover under extreme conditions (20 mA cm−2, 31.5% Zn depth of discharge), noticeably higher than zinc electrode with no recover (11.8%). Furthermore, the superiority of customized synergistic electrolyte is further demonstrated by coupling with I2 cathode and achieving impressive 36 000 stable cycles.
Mechanochemically Reprogrammed Interface Orchestrates Neutrophil Bactericidal Activity and Apoptosis for Preventing Implant‐Associated Infection
Authors: Chu Guangyu , Guan Ming , Jin Jiale , Luo Yao , Luo Zhiyuan , Shi Tingwang , Liu Tao , Zhang Chunlei , Wang Yue 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe onset of implant‐associated infection (IAI) triggers a cascade of immune responses, which are initially dominated by neutrophils. Bacterial aggregate formation and hypoxic microenvironment, which occur shortly after implantation, may be two major risk factors that impair neutrophil function and lead to IAI. Here, the implant surface with phytic acid–Zn2+ coordinated TiO2 nanopillar arrays (PA–Zn@TiNPs) and oxygen self‐supporting CaO2 nanoparticles, named as CPZTs, is mechanochemically reprogrammed. The engineered CPZTs interface integrates multiple properties to inhibit the formation of nascent biofilm, encompassing antibacterial adhesion, mechanobactericidal effect, and chemobiocidal effect. Meanwhile, continuous oxygenation fuels the neutrophils with reactive oxygen species (ROS) for efficient bacterial elimination on the implant surface and inside the neutrophils. Furthermore, this surface modulation strategy accelerates neutrophil apoptosis and promotes M2 macrophage‐mediated osteogenesis both in vitro and in a rat model of IAI. In conclusion, targeting neutrophils for immunomodulation is a practical and effective strategy to prevent IAI and promote bone–implant integration.
Ultra‐Long‐Lived Red TADF‐CDs: Solid‐State Synthesis, Time‐Dependent Phosphorescence Color And Luminescent Mechanism
Authors: Sun Jie , Sun Zhongqiao , Wang Ziru , Wang Nan , Han Yide , Zhang Lin , Zhang Bingsen , Zhang Xia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConstructing an ultra‐long‐lived red thermally activated delayed fluorescence carbon dots (TADF‐CDs) with time‐dependent phosphorescence colors (TDPC) in both solid and aqueous is still a challenge. Herein, a red TADF‐CDs, constructed via. a modified solid‐state pyrolysis strategy, show the phosphorescence emissions at 595, 670, and 725 nm with the afterglow lifetime longer than most of reported red TADF‐materials. In addition, the resulting CDs trigger the TDPC activity while the emission colors changed from red to green both in solid state and in aqueous suspension. The synergistic effects of boron‐hybridization in the seed CDs and the additional C═O groups generated in urea‐assisted pyrolysis, result in a stronger spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) between the 1(n, π*) and the 3(π, π*), the mitigated energy gap (ΔEST) and the non‐radiative relaxations of triplet excited states. The TDPC performance endow the resulting TADF‐CDs the usability in advance information security with enhanced‐security‐level encryption strategy.
‘The power to SAY what I want to and it gets written down’: Situating children's and adults' voices and silence in participatory research
Authors: Little Sabine , Raine Hannah , Choo Ailin , Joshi Ronia , Qarni Shanza J. , Sukri Ayden , Horton Grace , Pakravesh Sarah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper, co‐authored between three adults and five children aged 8–11, adopts a ‘collaborative writing as inquiry’ approach to examine and discuss the authors' experiences of a participatory research project through the lens of critical dialectical pluralism. In the original project, children formed two ‘young advisory panels’, one online, comprising children from all over England, and one in a primary school in a suburban area in North England, informing and collaborating on the creation of 45 educational activities supporting critical digital literacy. Rather than focusing on the original research itself, the paper focuses on making a methodological contribution, through detailed and collaborative reflections on notions such as agency, power and control. Over a period of four 60 to 90 min‐long meetings once the actual research was completed, adult and child authors considered their respective roles in the project, as well as detailing their understanding of the project as a whole. In co‐framing our perceptions of participatory research, we problematise adult anxieties and highlight the importance of exploring ‘silence as voice’, arguing for an extension to participatory research projects, going beyond the research itself and creating a ‘third space’ which is un/familiar to all participants, openly inviting engagement with discomfort and normalising uncertainty.
Body composition is associated with postoperative complications in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Guanwu , Mantas Anna , Heij Lara R. , Al‐Masri Tarick M. , Liu Dong , Heise Daniel , Schmitz Sophia M. , Olde Damink Steven W. M. , Luedde Tom , Lang Sven A. , Ulmer Tom F. , Neumann Ulf P. , Bednarsch Jan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPerihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) is a malignant tumor of the hepatobiliary system which is still associated with a challenging prognosis. Postoperative complications play a crucial role in determining the overall prognosis of patients with pCCA. Changes in body composition (BC) have been shown to impact the prognosis of various types of tumors. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the correlation between BC, postoperative complications and oncological outcome in patients with pCCA.MethodsAll patients with pCCA who underwent curative‐intent surgery for pCCA between 2010 and 2022 were included in this analysis. BC was assessed using preoperative computed tomography and analyzed with the assistance of a 3D Slicer software. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between BC and clinical characteristics including various measurements of postoperative complications and Cox regressions and Kaplan–Meier analysis to evaluate oncological risk factors in the study cohort.ResultsBC was frequently altered in patients undergoing curative‐intent liver resection for pCCA (n = 204) with 52.5% of the patients showing obesity, 55.9% sarcopenia, 21.6% sarcopenic obesity, 48.5% myosteatosis, and 69.1% visceral obesity. In multivariate analysis, severe postoperative complications (Clavien‐Dindo ≥3b) were associated with body mass index (BMI) (Odds ratio (OR) = 2.001, p = 0.024), sarcopenia (OR = 2.145, p = 0.034), and myosteatosis (OR = 2.097, p = 0.017) as independent predictors. Furthermore, sarcopenia was associated with reduced overall survival (OS) in pCCA patients (sarcopenia vs. no‐sarcopenia, 21 months vs. 32 months, p = 0.048 log rank).ConclusionsBC is highly associated with severe postoperative complications in patients with pCCA and shows tendency to be associated impaired overall survival. Preoperative assessment of BC and interventions to improve BC might therefore be key to improve outcome in pCCA patients undergoing surgical therapy.
The influence of “bad news” and “neutral/good news” on patients' perception of physician empathy during oncology consultations
Authors: Tranberg Mattias , Ekedahl Henrik , Fürst Carl Johan , Engellau Jacob 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesBeing met with empathy increases information sharing, treatment coherence, and helps patients to recover faster. However, we do not know how the content of the conversation about disease progression, new treatments, or other issues concerning serious illness affects patients' perceptions of the physician's empathy, and thus, the quality of the conversation. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that patients will rate their physician lower following a “bad news” consultation using the consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure.MethodsA total of 186 outpatients from the Department of Oncology were recruited for this study. After meeting with a patient, the physician filled out a form, placing the patient in either the “bad news” group, or the “neutral/good news” group along with information about the patient and the consultation. The patient was given the CARE measure after the visit.ResultsThe patients who had received bad news rated their physicians a significantly lower score on the CARE measure, even though the effect size was small, than those who had neutral/good news. On average, bad news consultations were 11 min longer.ConclusionsPhysicians need to be aware of the patients' need to be known and understood, in addition to having skills to attend to emotional cues and concerns, since the current study's finding could be a sign either of the content being projected onto the physician or that the physician is focused on the message rather than on the patient.
Curcumin, its derivatives, and their nanoformulations: Revolutionizing cancer treatment
Authors: Ahmad Iftikhar , Ahmad Sameer , Ahmad Ausaf , Zughaibi Torki A. , Alhosin Mahmoud , Tabrez Shams 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCurcumin is a natural compound derived from turmeric and can target malignant tumor molecules involved in cancer propagation. It has potent antioxidant activity, but its effectiveness is limited due to poor absorption and rapid elimination from the body. Various curcumin derivatives have also shown anticancer potential in in‐vitro and in‐vivo models. Curcumin can target multiple signaling pathways involved in cancer development/progression or induce cancer cell death through apoptosis. In addition, curcumin and its derivatives could also enhance the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy, radiation therapy and reduce their associated side effects. Lately, nanoparticle‐based delivery systems are being developed/explored to overcome the challenges associated with curcumin's delivery, increasing its overall efficacy. The use of an imaging system to track these formulations could also give beneficial information about the bioavailability and distribution of the nano‐curcumin complex. In conclusion, curcumin holds significant promise in the fight against cancer, especially in its nanoform, and could provide precise delivery to cancer cells without affecting normal healthy cells.
Acoustic micro‐beam vortex generator for flow actuation inside droplets
Authors: Sánchez‐Saldaña Diego , Fernandino Maria , Dorao Carlos A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractControlling acoustic streaming inside a droplet has excellent potential for enabling fluid and particle operations such as mixing, separation, and aggregation in various applications. Most concepts for generating surface acoustic waves are based on the placement of an interdigitated transducer at the side of a droplet, thus externally acting on the droplet. In this case, the flow structure inside the droplet is controlled by the relatively large scale of the interdigitated transducer compared to the droplet, thus limiting the local control of the flow. One possibility to overcome this drawback is to reduce the size of the actuator such that a highly focused ultrasound transducer can induce localized acoustic streaming in space. Here, we introduce a micro‐spiral interdigitated transducer smaller than a droplet size that can generate micro‐size vortices inside the droplet. This step enables a new way of controlling the flow inside the droplet, facilitating mixing, separation, aggregation, and patterning of particles. We study the characteristics of the acoustic streaming and the potential application of the flow for the separation and patterning of particles. The simplicity of the concept provides in‐droplet particle manipulation toolsets for many applications such as biosensing, microbiology, and point‐of‐care devices.
Institutional experience with total pharyngectomy reconstruction: Exploring the role of the salivary bypass tube
Authors: Smith Sullivan , Lee Yunmin , Borrowdale Richard , Thorpe Eric , Pittman Amy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of consensus regarding the effectiveness of salivary bypass tubes during total pharyngectomy reconstruction to prevent pharyngocutaneous fistula or pharyngoesophageal stricture.MethodsOur study examined tubed free flap reconstruction outcomes for total pharyngectomy defects over 11 years at a single tertiary referral center. We compared postoperative fistula and stricture rates between two groups: those with salivary bypass tubes inserted during reconstruction and those without.ResultsAmong 36 patients, 26 had radial forearm, and 10 had anterolateral thigh free flap reconstruction. 53% received salivary bypass tubes. However, the tubes did not significantly reduce the relative risks of fistula or stricture. Notably, neck dissection during total pharyngectomy was associated with increased fistula incidence. Minor salivary bypass tube‐related complications affected 21% of subjects.ConclusionThe role of salivary bypass tubes in total pharyngectomy reconstruction remains uncertain.
A minimal interventive protocol using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on teeth with molar incisor hypomineralization: A case report
Authors: Vieira Letícia Diniz Santos , Mandetta Amanda Rafaelly Honório , Bortoletto Carolina Carvalho , Sobral Ana Paula Taboada , Motta Lara Jansiski , Mesquita Ferrari Raquel Agnelli , Duran Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Bussadori Sandra Kalil 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMolar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative developmental defect of enamel that occurs during the mineralization phase. Patients with MIH have increased risk of caries, hypersensitivity, and restoration failures. The present case report describes the treatment of a 10‐year‐old patient exhibiting two teeth with atypical carious lesions. A minimal interventive protocol was instituted combining antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and the selective chemical–mechanical removal of the carious tissue using the product Papacárie Duo®. This protocol is promising for the decontamination and control of hypersensitivity in teeth with MIH.
Pilot study of a telehealth intervention for personalized self‐management for eating symptoms after gastroesophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Kim Jae Y. , Love Madeleine , Woo Yanghee , Campos Beatriz , Yu Adern , Chang Justin , Erhunmwunsee Loretta , Krouse Robert S. , Melstrom Laleh , Sun Virginia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFollowing gastric and esophageal cancer surgery, patients often experience significant, prolonged eating‐related symptoms. One promising approach to help patients improve their eating‐related quality of life (QOL) is through self‐management coaching to aid in diet modification. We performed a randomized pilot study of a nutritionist‐led telehealth intervention for the self‐management of eating after gastroesophageal cancer surgery.MethodsPatients who were within 30 days of resuming oral intake after undergoing surgery for gastric and/or esophageal cancer were consented and then randomized to the intervention or usual care. The intervention was performed by a nutritionist trained in self‐management coaching and delivered in four telehealth sessions over 4 months. The following outcomes were measured at baseline and at 6 months after baseline: QOL (EORTC QLQC30), weight, body mass index, and sarcopenia.ResultsFifty‐three patients were enrolled. 22/27 usual care and 21/26 intervention patients completed the study for a retention rate of 81%. Differences between the intervention and control groups were not statistically significant, but the intervention group had indications of greater improvements in overall QOL as measured by EORTC QLQC30 Summary Score (8.7 vs. 2.3, p = 0.17) as well as greater improvements in 4/5 functional domains (p > 0.3). The intervention group also had slightly more weight gain (6 kg vs. 3 kg, p = 0.3) and less sarcopenia (3/16 vs. 9/18, p = 0.07).ConclusionsThis pilot study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth intervention for self‐management of eating symptoms after gastroesophageal cancer surgery. There were trends toward improved overall QOL in the intervention group. A larger study is needed to validate the results.
Mohr ohne Chromat
Authors: Osswald Samuel , Zell Lukas , Friedrich Jens , Oetken Marco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDer Chloridgehalt einer Lösung lässt sich über die Titration nach Mohr bestimmen. Den Endpunkt zeigt farbiges schwerlösliches Silberchromat. Chromat ist allerdings genotoxisch und daher nicht problemlos in der Schule zu nutzen. Doch es gibt ungefährliche Alternativen.