bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-lead seasonal precipitation forecast in northeastern Brazil using an ensemble of artificial neural networks
Authors: Pinheiro Enzo , Ouarda Taha B. M. J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study assesses the deterministic and probabilistic forecasting skill of a 1-month-lead ensemble of Artificial Neural Networks (EANN) based on low-frequency climate oscillation indices. The predictand is the February-April (FMA) rainfall in the Brazilian state of Ceará, which is a prominent subject in climate forecasting studies due to its high seasonal predictability. Additionally, the study proposes combining the EANN with dynamical models into a hybrid multi-model ensemble (MME). The forecast verification is carried out through a leave-one-out cross-validation based on 40 years of data. The EANN forecasting skill is compared with traditional statistical models and the dynamical models that compose Ceará’s operational seasonal forecasting system. A spatial comparison showed that the EANN was among the models with the smallest Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Ranked Probability Score (RPS) in most regions. Moreover, the analysis of the area-aggregated reliability showed that the EANN is better calibrated than the individual dynamical models and has better resolution than Multinomial Logistic Regression for above-normal (AN) and below-normal (BN) categories. It is also shown that combining the EANN and dynamical models into a hybrid MME reduces the overconfidence of the extreme categories observed in a dynamically-based MME, improving the reliability of the forecasting system.
Self-perception of dual career barriers and athletic identity in student-athletes with disabilities according to disability type and level of professionalization
Authors: Maciá-Andreu M. J. , Vaquero-Cristóbal R. , Meroño L. , Abenza-Cano L. , García-Roca J. A. , Cánovas-Álvarez F. J. , Díaz-Aroca A. , Capranica L. , Stanescu M. , Pereira A. , Doupona M. , Mendes F. , Figueiredo A. , Isidori E. , Sánchez-Pato A. , Leiva-Arcas A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to analyze the perceived barriers to dual career success and athletic identity of student-athletes according to disability type and level of professionalization. The final sample consisted of 203 student-athletes with disabilities from five European countries. The questionnaires used were ESTPORT, EBBS and AIMS. Depending on disability type, it was found that student-athletes with hearing and physical impairment showed the highest difficulty in reconciling sports and studies (p = 0.001); that student-athletes with a hearing impairment showed the highest score in the barrier ‘the cost of education is high’ (p = 0.023); that student-athletes with a physical impairment had the highest scores in the barrier ‘Exercise tires me’ (p = 0.013); that student-athletes with cerebral palsy showed the highest scores in the barrier ‘I do not have enough university/educational institution support’ (p = 0.014) and ‘Exercise facilities do not have convenient timetables for me’ (p = 0.001). Depending on sports professionalization level, semi-professional student-athletes showed the highest values in the barrier ‘the university/educational institution is far from my training center’ (p = 0.040); while professional student-athletes had the highest score in the barrier ‘exercise takes too much time from family responsibilities’ (p = 0.034). In most of the variables related to identity as athletes, professional student-athletes showed the highest values, followed by semi-professional athletes (p = 0.043- < 0.001). In conclusion, the self-perception of barriers is quite relevant, with differences arising from disability type and level of professionalization, whereas the identity as an athlete is only different according to the level of professionalization.
Adsorption behavior of trace elements of 90Sr on MnO2–ZrO2 loaded with polyacrylonitrile polymer from aqueous solutions
Authors: Akbari Neda , Ahmadi Seyed Javad , Pourmatin Akram , Heydari Mehran , Shiri-Yekta Zahra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA MnO2–ZrO2-polyacrylonitrile (MnO2–ZrO2-PAN) composite ion exchanger was produced and its properties were examined by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, The BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) surface area, X-Ray diffraction analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The adsorption of Strontium (Sr) from solutions by MnO2–ZrO2-PAN composite was studied thru batch experiments. The distribution Coefficient of Sr (II) on the composite sorbent was investigated against pH, interaction time, and primary concentration ion. To study the kinetics of adsorption, Pseudo-first-order and Pseudo second-order adsorption kinetics were studied and the results revealed that adsorption kinetics better fit to the pseudo-second-order model. Three iso-temperature models, Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin were applied to fit the experimental results. Among those models, Langmuir revealed the most suitable one with minimum deviation. The created composite exhibited strong compatibility to the elimination of Y (III), Ni (II), Pb (II), and Co (II) from radioactive waste streams. On the other, it is evident from the data that the quantifiable extraction of Sr (II) ions from Zr (IV), Mo (VI), and La (III) is feasible. MnO2–ZrO2 Loaded with (PAN) Polymer was figured out to have high ion exchange capacity and thermal stability and selectivity for strontium.
Zonally asymmetric component of summer surface temperature trends caused by intraseasonal time-scale processes
Authors: Kim Dong Wan , Lee Sukyoung , Clark Joseph P. , Feldstein Steven B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecent years have witnessed extreme heatwaves in Europe and western North America. This study shows that these regions stand out in the zonally asymmetric component of the long-term trend of boreal summer surface temperature, and that intraseasonal timescale processes play an important role in shaping the zonally asymmetric trend pattern. However, these two regions have warmed by different mechanisms. Over Europe, the warming is mostly caused by the positive trend of the net (downward minus upward) surface shortwave radiation weighted by its intraseasonal timescale connection with the skin temperature. The long-term warming in western North America has been caused by the declining surface latent heat flux (weakened evaporative cooling) weighted by its intraseasonal connection with the skin temperature. These mechanisms are consistent with those identified in earlier studies of individual extreme events in the two regions, indicating that part of the long trends are a manifestation of extreme events. The overall findings indicate that to make accurate projections of regional climate change using climate model simulations, it is critical to ensure that the models also accurately simulate intraseasonal variability.
Gut microbiomes of cycad-feeding insects tolerant to β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) are rich in siderophore biosynthesis
Authors: Gutiérrez-García Karina , Whitaker Melissa R L , Bustos-Díaz Edder D , Salzman Shayla , Ramos-Aboites Hilda E , Reitz Zachary L , Pierce Naomi E , Cibrián-Jaramillo Angélica , Barona-Gómez Francisco 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ingestion of the cycad toxins β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) and azoxyglycosides is harmful to diverse organisms. However, some insects are specialized to feed on toxin-rich cycads with apparent immunity. Some cycad-feeding insects possess a common set of gut bacteria, which might play a role in detoxifying cycad toxins. Here, we investigated the composition of gut microbiota from a worldwide sample of cycadivorous insects and characterized the biosynthetic potential of selected bacteria. Cycadivorous insects shared a core gut microbiome consisting of six bacterial taxa, mainly belonging to the Proteobacteria, which we were able to isolate. To further investigate selected taxa from diverging lineages, we performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing of co-cultured bacterial sub-communities. We characterized the biosynthetic potential of four bacteria from Serratia, Pantoea, and two different Stenotrophomonas lineages, and discovered a suite of biosynthetic gene clusters notably rich in siderophores. Siderophore semi-untargeted metabolomics revealed a broad range of chemically related yet diverse iron-chelating metabolites, including desferrioxamine B, suggesting the occurrence of an unprecedented desferrioxamine-like biosynthetic pathway that remains to be identified. These results provide a foundation for future investigations into how cycadivorous insects tolerate diets rich in azoxyglycosides, BMAA, and other cycad toxins, including a possible role for bacterial siderophores.
Associations of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis with skin bacteria and fungi on Asian amphibian hosts
Authors: Sun Dan , Herath Jayampathi , Zhou Shipeng , Ellepola Gajaba , Meegaskumbura Madhava 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Amphibian skin harbors microorganisms that are associated with the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which causes chytridiomycosis, one of the most significant wildlife diseases known. This pathogen originated in Asia, where diverse Bd lineages exist; hence, native amphibian hosts have co-existed with Bd over long time periods. Determining the nuances of this co-existence is crucial for understanding the prevalence and spread of Bd from a microbial context. However, associations of Bd with the natural skin microbiome remain poorly understood for Asian hosts, especially in relation to skin-associated fungi. We used 16 S rRNA and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequencing to characterize the skin microbiome of four native Asian amphibian species and examined the relationships between Bd infection and their skin bacterial and fungal communities; we also analyzed the correlates of the putative anti-Bd bacteria. We show that both skin bacterial and fungal community structure and composition had significant associations with infection status (Bd presence/absence) and infection intensity (frequency of Bd sequence reads). We also found that the putative anti-Bd bacterial richness was correlated with Bd infection status and infection intensity, and observed that the relative abundance of anti-Bd bacteria roughly correspond with changes in both Bd prevalence and mean infection intensity in populations. Additionally, the microbial co-occurrence network of infected frogs was significantly different from that of uninfected frogs that were characterized by more keystone nodes (connectors) and larger proportions in correlations between bacteria, suggesting stronger inter-module bacterial interactions. These results indicate that the mutual effects between Bd and skin-associated microbiome, including the interplay between bacteria and fungi, might vary with Bd infection in susceptible amphibian species. This knowledge will help in understanding the dynamics of Bd from a microbial perspective, potentially contributing to mitigate chytridiomycosis in other regions of the world.
Temperament in Toddlers With and Without Prelingual Hearing Loss
Authors: Castellanos Irina , Houston Derek M. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to examine parent-reported ratings of temperament in toddlers with and without prelingual hearing loss.

Method:
The parent-completed Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire (ECBQ) was used to assess temperament in toddlers aged 18–36 months. Three dimensions of temperament were examined: surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control. Analyses were conducted to (a) examine differences in temperament across toddlers with and without prelingual hearing loss; (b) examine possible associations between temperament, demographic, and communication factors; and (c) determine if the ECBQ is sensitive to differences in hearing, communication, and listening skills among toddlers with prelingual hearing loss.

Results:
The parent-completed ECBQ revealed that toddlers with prelingual hearing loss differed from their hearing peers on some but not all dimensions of temperament. Specifically, children with prelingual hearing loss were rated as displaying higher levels of surgency and lower levels of effortful control but comparable levels of negative affectivity when compared to their hearing peers. Regression analyses revealed that chronological age and communication strategy predicted scores of effortful control in toddlers with prelingual hearing loss, whereas chronological age alone predicted scores of effortful control in toddlers with hearing. Finally, the ECBQ appears to contain “listening” items that skew (lower) levels of effortful control in toddlers with prelingual hearing loss, such that only the group effect of higher levels of surgency remained after removing these “listening” items. Correlations between the original and our modified ECBQ (removing the “listening” items) revealed strong associations, reflective of high construct validity.

Conclusions:
This was the first study to measure temperament in toddlers with prelingual hearing loss using the ECBQ. Our results revealed differences between children with and without prelingual hearing loss centering on the dimension of surgency. Examining differences in temperament during the toddler period of development may be particularly important and useful for predicting functional outcomes following prelingual hearing loss.
Trip purpose prediction using travel survey data with POI information via gradient boosting decision trees
Authors: Zhao De , Zhou Wei , Wang Wei , Hua Xuedong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAt present, data obtained from the Global Positioning System (GPS) is significantly valuable in mobility research. However, GPS‐based data lacks include trip purpose information. Consequently, many researchers have endeavoured to predict or impute these missing attributes. Existing studies have focused on constructing more features to improve prediction accuracy, but paid less attention to the model's applicability and transferability. In this study, five trip purposes are extracted, including education, recreation, personal, shopping, and transportation, from Chengdu Household Travel Survey (HTS) data. The individual and trip characteristics that are common and can be easily derived from GPS data are carefully selected and extracted. Point of Interest (POI) data of the trip destination are also collected to enhance input characteristics. To obtain more accurate results, an ensemble learning model, Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDT), is employed to predict trip purposes. grid search and cross‐validation techniques are used to optimize the hyper‐parameters. Empirical results show that the proposed model achieves 0.788 accuracy, which is 22.17%, 14.53%, 10.36%, and 6.77% higher than Multinominal Logit (MNL), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and Deep Belief Network (DBN), respectively. It is also found that although increasing trip features improve the model's accuracy, it simultaneously impairs model's transferability and generalizability.
Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism—Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations: An Update Based on the Revised AWMF S2k Guideline
Authors: Riess Hanno , Beyer-Westendorf Jan , Pelzer Uwe , Klamroth Robert , Linnemann Birgit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPatients with cancer are prone to develop venous thromboembolism (VTE) with negative impact on quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Treatment of established VTE is often complex in patients with cancer. Treatment of cancer-associated VTE (CAT) basically comprises initial and maintenance treatment, for 3 to 6 months, secondary preventions, and treatment in special situations. Therapeutic anticoagulation is the treatment of choice in CAT. In addition to the efficacy and safety of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) that had been recommended for decades, direct oral anti-factor Xa inhibitors, a subgroup of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), demonstrated their advantages along with the accompanying concerns in several randomized controlled treatment trials of CAT. The latest guidelines, such as the German AWMF-S2k Guideline “Diagnostics and Therapy of Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism,” agree with each other on most aspects with respect to the treatment of CAT. Encompassing recent clinical studies, and meta-analyses, as well as the focus on some special management aspects of CAT, the objective of this review is to present a current overview and recommendations for the treatment of CAT.
An mHealth Design to Promote Medication Safety in Children with Medical Complexity
Authors: Jolliff Anna , Coller Ryan J. , Kearney Hannah , Warner Gemma , Feinstein James A. , Chui Michelle A. , O'Brien Steve , Willey Misty , Katz Barbara , Bach Theodore D. , Werner Nicole E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Children with medical complexity (CMC) are uniquely vulnerable to medication errors and preventable adverse drug events because of their extreme polypharmacy, medical fragility, and reliance on complicated medication schedules and routes managed by undersupported family caregivers. There is an opportunity to improve CMC outcomes by designing health information technologies that support medication administration accuracy, timeliness, and communication within CMC caregiving networks.
Objectives The present study engaged family caregivers, secondary caregivers, and clinicians who work with CMC in a codesign process to identify: (1) medication safety challenges experienced by CMC caregivers and (2) design requirements for a mobile health application to improve medication safety for CMC in the home.
Methods Study staff recruited family caregivers, secondary caregivers, and clinicians from a children's hospital-based pediatric complex care program to participate in virtual codesign sessions. During sessions, the facilitator-guided codesigners in generating and converging upon medication safety challenges and design requirements. Between sessions, the research team reviewed notes from the session to identify design specifications and modify the prototype. After design sessions concluded, each session recording was reviewed to confirm that all designer comments had been captured.
Results A total of N = 16 codesigners participated. Analyses yielded 11 challenges to medication safety and 11 corresponding design requirements that fit into three broader challenges: giving the right medication at the right time; communicating with others about medications; and accommodating complex medical routines. Supporting quotations from codesigners and prototype features associated with each design requirement are presented.
Conclusion This study generated design requirements for a tool that may improve medication safety by creating distributed situation awareness within the caregiving network. The next steps are to pilot test tools that integrate these design requirements for usability and feasibility, and to conduct a randomized control trial to determine if use of these tools reduces medication errors.
Characteristic endoscopic findings in early-stage autoimmune gastritis
Authors: Kotera Tohru , Ayaki Maki , Sumi Naoki , Aoki Rika , Mabe Katsuhiro , Inoue Kazuhiko , Manabe Noriaki , Kamada Tomoari , Kushima Ryoji , Haruma Ken 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Until recently, autoimmune gastritis
(AIG) was usually diagnosed at late stages based on typical endoscopic findings, including
corpus-dominant advanced atrophy. Early-stage AIG prior to complete gastric atrophy had rarely
been diagnosed due to a lack of knowledge about its endoscopic characteristics. The present
study sought to identify the endoscopic characteristics of early-stage AIG, enabling its early
diagnosis.
Patients and methods The clinical and endoscopic findings of 12
patients diagnosed with early-stage AIG between 2016 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated.
Patients were included if they were: (1) positive for serum anti-parietal cell antibody; (2)
diagnosed with histological early-stage AIG; and (3) endoscopically positive for folds on the
greater curvature of the gastric corpus.

Results Two characteristic
endoscopic findings of early-stage AIG were identified: longitudinal alignment of pseudopolyps
(i.e., a bamboo joint-like appearance) and swelling of gastric areas with erythema (i.e., a
salmon roe-like appearance).
Conclusions Endoscopic findings characteristic of early-stage AIG
include a bamboo joint-like appearance and a salmon roe-like appearance. Studies in large
numbers of patients with long-term follow-up are needed to confirm these findings.
Outcomes after Surgical Resection of Jugular Foramen Schwannomas: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hoffman Haydn , Maloney Brendan B. , Draytsel Dan Y. , Babu Harish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives We sought to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes after surgical resection of jugular foramen schwannomas (JFSs).
Design A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Setting PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched.
Participants Case series of at least five patients undergoing surgical resection of JFSs were included.
Main Outcome Measures Primary outcomes included gross total resection (GTR) and near total resection (NTR) rates, as well as a composite of the two (GTR + NTR). Additional outcomes included new or worsening cranial nerve (CN) palsies and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Random effects models were used to generate pooled outcomes.
Results A total of 25 studies comprising 567 patients were included in the study. The proportions of each tumor grade were the following: grade A (33.1%), grade B (16.1%), grade C (9.2%), and grade D (41.6%). The pooled rate of GTR was 81% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70–88; I
2 = 78.9%) and the composite GTR + NTR rate was 88% (95% CI: 81–93; I
2 = 66.4%). Rates of new or worsening CN palsies were the following: 12% hearing loss (95% CI: 7–20; I
2 = 69.4%), 27% dysphagia (95% CI: 20–36; I
2 = 66%), 20% hoarseness (95% CI: 14–28; I
2 = 62.6%), and 19% facial palsy (95% CI: 13–28; I
2 = 64.6%). The pooled rate of CSF leak was 9% (95% CI: 6–15; I
2 = 43.9%).
Conclusion The literature suggests high GTR rates of JFSs can be achieved. However, new CN deficits are not uncommon.
Strong German Hearts 2023: A Field Report
Authors: Rings Laura , Koechlin Luca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhat do the special forces of the Federal Police and heart surgeons have in common? To find out, a team of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (DGTHG) started a pilot project called “Strong German Hearts” with an intensive 36-hour training supported by the special forces of the Federal Police.