bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STOCK DIVERSIFICATION (PORTFOLIO) STRATEGY TO INCREASE INVESTMENT RETURNS AND REDUCE RISK
Authors: Deby Shintawulan Fransiska  , Novita Rahmawati  , Feby Galih Saputra  , Maria Yovita R Pandin  
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to explain diversification and portfolio risk and the impact of diversification on portfolio risk and determine the number of stocks that make up the optimal portfolio. The sampling technique is purposive sampling and the sample is taken from 5 stocks of the IDX Energy Sector industry. The analysis tool uses a correlation matrix, expected return and risk for individual stocks and portfolios (5 stocks) and the Unknown Population Standard Deviation (σ) Hypothesis Test. The results of this study are:
1) The correlaion matrix table shows that stocks have a positive correlation, meaning that the stock price movement is in the same direction, that is, when the price of one stock rises, the price of the other stock will rise. Of the five correlations that occur, the correlation between AKRA and ADRO stocks has the largest positive correlation coefficient.
And the correlation between MEDC and ADRO stocks has the smallest correlation coefficient.
2) In general, the expected return and risk performance of the portfolio is better than the performance of individual stocks. So by applying stock diversification, the return performance can be optimized, and risk can also be minimized.
3) From the results of the Hypothesis Test Population Standard Deviation (σ) is Unknown. The t statistic value of - 5.334 is in the area > - 0, 1771. Then the decision is that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. This means H1 is accepted, i.e. the risk of stock diversification is smaller than the risk of individual stocks.
Optimal Portfolio Selection Using the Single Index Method on LQ45 Shares in the Banking Sector
Authors: Widya Novita Sari  , Dita Fitriani  , Indri Widya Wulandari  , Maria Yovita R Pandin  
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the proportion of each stock that makes up the optimal portfolio so that it is easier for investors to determine which company has the optimal portfolio. The population that is the focus of this study refers to stocks belonging to the LQ45 index in the banking sector during the 2021-2023 period, namely 7 stocks. The sampling method is carried out by applying a purpose sampling technique, which results in 5 stocks that qualify according to the criteria of this study. The data used is secondary data derived from monthly stock prices. From the research results, all stocks showed positive returns, with BBRI having the highest return. In addition, the analysis results show that using the single index model approach, the stocks of the LQ45 Index members in the banking sector in the period August 2021 to July 2023 show that 4 out of 5 stocks (BBRI, BMRI, BBCA, and BBNI) form an optimal portfolio. Meanwhile, BBTN shares cannot be said to be an optimal portfolio because ERBi is smaller than Ci.
Dynamic coefficient symmetric polynomial-based secure key management scheme for Internet of Things (IoT) networks
Authors: Liu Zhongya , Luo Yunxiao 
Published: December 2023

Background
With the extensive application and continuous expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT), the access of a large number of resource-limited nodes makes the IoT application face a variety of security vulnerabilities and efficiency limitations, and the operating efficiency and security of IoT are greatly challenged. Key management is the core element of network security and one of the most challenging security problems faced by wireless sensor networks. A suitable key management scheme can effectively defend against network security threats. However, among the key management schemes that have been proposed so far, most of them do not take into account the efficiency in terms of connectivity rate and resource overhead, and some of them even have security risks.

Methods
In this article, based on the symmetric polynomial algorithm, a dynamic coefficient symmetric polynomial key management scheme is proposed to better solve the IoT security problem. In this scheme, the nodes’ IDs are mapped into the elements of the shared matrix M by the identity mapping algorithm, and these elements are used to construct polynomials P(x,y) to generate pairwise keys. The communicating nodes have their own coefficients of P(x,y) and thus have higher connectivity.

Results
The overall performance evaluation shows that the scheme significantly improves the resilience against node capture and effectively reduces the communication and storage overheads compared to the previous schemes. Moreover, the scheme overcomes the λ-security of symmetric polynomial key management scheme, and is able to provide a large pool of polynomials for wireless sensor networks, facilitating large-scale application of nodes.
Responses of Some Sugarcane Varieties to Application of Ethrel Ripener with Respect to Their on Quality and Productivity
Authors: Ali A. M. K. , Gadallah A. F. I. , Hussien Omeima A. Kh. 
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station in Shandaweel, Sohag Governorate, Egypt. (latitude of 26.33° N and longitude of 31.41° E) in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 planting seasons, to evaluate the effects of three concentrations of the chemical ripener " Ethrel" (0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 liter/fed) sprayed on the leaves, in addition to control treatment (without spraying) on yield and quality of tow sugarcane varieties [the commercial variety (G.T. 54-9) and the promising one (G. 2004-27) in addition to (G. 2005-47) genotype]. A randomized complete block design was used in a split-plot arrangement was used. The results showed that the sugarcane varieties differed markedly in all studied traits. G.T. 54-9 variety superior in stalk diameter and sugar yield/fed in both seasons as well as cane yield/fed in the 1st one, while, G.2004-27 variety recorded the highest stalk and most number of millable canes/fed in both seasons as well as cane yield/fed in the 1st season, on the other hand, G.2005-47 genotype was superior in brix, sucrose, purity and sugar recovery% in both seasons. The results also showed that adding 1.0 liter/fed of Ethrel spray to the cane leaves caused an increase in brix, sucrose, purity and sugar recovery% as well as sugar yield/fed, compared to the untreated (control). On the contrary, the treatments with Ethrel concentrations led to a decrease in the height and diameter of the stalk as well as cane yield. However, the increase (%) in quality and sugar yield was more than the decrease in cane yield. Therefore, Ethrel addition led to an increase in quality and sugar yield at concentration of 1.0 liter/fed "E3". Under conditions of this work, it was found that growing all studied sugarcane varieties and spraying them with 1.0 l/fed of Ethrel ripener can be recommended for the maximum sugar production.
Preclinical Assessment of Wound Healing and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Eichhornia crassipes in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Raju M. Ganga , Pravallika U. , Pavani Kandukuri , N. V. L. Suvarchala Reddy V.  , Edunoori Keerthana 
Published: December 2023

Aim: An essential medicinal plant, Echhornia crassipes is a member of the Pontederiaceae family and is used to treat a wide range of disorders. Using various animal models, this study sought to investigate the anti-inflammatory and wound-healing benefits of an ethanolic extract of E. crassipes.
Study Design: This study engaged in vivo studies to investigate the wound healing and anti-inflammatory studies of the extract when compare with standard treatment.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Methodology: The optimal dosage of MEEC (Methanolic Extract of Eichhornia crassipes) was established by conducting acute toxicity tests. The efficacy of wound healing was assessed in this study by means of excision and incision wound models. For the purpose of inducing paw oedema and testing the anti-inflammatory efficacy, we utilised carrageenan and formalin, respectively.
Results: Experiments on acute toxicity indicated that the extract was acceptable at doses up to 2000 mg/kg. Two gel concentrations of the extract, 5% and 10%, were applied topically. Wounds healed significantly faster with 10% MEEC gel than with the conventional 10% povidone iodine ointment. Similar to the gold standard drug diclofenac, MEEC at doses of 200 mg/kg b.w. and 400 mg/kg b.w. demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects in the two animal models.
Conclusion: The benefits of MEEC on wound healing and inflammation may be attributed to its chemical components, which include alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and sterols.
Guiding Principles to Address the Impact of Algorithm Bias on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Health Care
Authors: Chin Marshall H. , Afsar-Manesh Nasim , Bierman Arlene S. , Chang Christine , Colón-Rodríguez Caleb J. , Dullabh Prashila , Duran Deborah Guadalupe , Fair Malika , Hernandez-Boussard Tina , Hightower Maia , Jain Anjali , Jordan William B. , Konya Stephen , Moore Roslyn Holliday , Moore Tamra Tyree , Rodriguez Richard , Shaheen Gauher , Snyder Lynne Page , Srinivasan Mithuna , Umscheid Craig A. , Ohno-Machado Lucila 
Published: December 2023

ImportanceHealth care algorithms are used for diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, risk stratification, and allocation of resources. Bias in the development and use of algorithms can lead to worse outcomes for racial and ethnic minoritized groups and other historically marginalized populations such as individuals with lower income.ObjectiveTo provide a conceptual framework and guiding principles for mitigating and preventing bias in health care algorithms to promote health and health care equity.Evidence ReviewThe Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the National Institute for Minority Health and Health Disparities convened a diverse panel of experts to review evidence, hear from stakeholders, and receive community feedback.FindingsThe panel developed a conceptual framework to apply guiding principles across an algorithm’s life cycle, centering health and health care equity for patients and communities as the goal, within the wider context of structural racism and discrimination. Multiple stakeholders can mitigate and prevent bias at each phase of the algorithm life cycle, including problem formulation (phase 1); data selection, assessment, and management (phase 2); algorithm development, training, and validation (phase 3); deployment and integration of algorithms in intended settings (phase 4); and algorithm monitoring, maintenance, updating, or deimplementation (phase 5). Five principles should guide these efforts: (1) promote health and health care equity during all phases of the health care algorithm life cycle; (2) ensure health care algorithms and their use are transparent and explainable; (3) authentically engage patients and communities during all phases of the health care algorithm life cycle and earn trustworthiness; (4) explicitly identify health care algorithmic fairness issues and trade-offs; and (5) establish accountability for equity and fairness in outcomes from health care algorithms.Conclusions and RelevanceMultiple stakeholders must partner to create systems, processes, regulations, incentives, standards, and policies to mitigate and prevent algorithmic bias. Reforms should implement guiding principles that support promotion of health and health care equity in all phases of the algorithm life cycle as well as transparency and explainability, authentic community engagement and ethical partnerships, explicit identification of fairness issues and trade-offs, and accountability for equity and fairness.
Well-Being Parameters and Intention to Leave Current Institution Among Academic Physicians
Authors: Ligibel Jennifer A. , Goularte Nicolette , Berliner Jennifer I. , Bird Steven B. , Brazeau Chantal M. L. R. , Rowe Susannah G. , Stewart Miriam T. , Trockel Mickey T. 
Published: December 2023

ImportancePhysician turnover interrupts care delivery and creates health care system financial burden.ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of burnout, professional fulfillment, and intention to leave (ITL) among physicians at academic-affiliated health care systems and identify institutional and individual factors associated with ITL.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study administered a survey to 37 511 attending-level medical specialists at 15 academic medical institutions participating in the Healthcare Professional Well-Being Academic Consortium. Data were collected from October 2019 to July 2021. Statistical analysis was performed from May 2022 to March 2023.ExposuresHypothesized institutional and individual determinants of occupational well-being.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was ITL, defined as having at least a moderate intention (a score of 2 on a 0-4 scale) to leave one’s institution within the next 2 years. Additional outcomes included burnout and professional fulfillment, defined using published Professional Fulfillment Index cut points.ResultsOf 18 719 academic physician survey respondents (8381 [44.8%] male; 2388 [12.8%] Asian, 10 599 [56.6%] White, 1039 [5.6%] other race, 4693 [25.1%] unknown race; 294 [1.6%] Hispanic or Latina/Latino/Latinx), 6903 of 18 217 (37.9%) met criteria for burnout and 7301 of 18 571 (39.3%) for professional fulfillment; 5177 of 15 890 (32.6%) reported moderate or greater ITL. Burnout, professional fulfillment, and ITL varied across specialties. After adjusting for demographics, each 1-point increase (range 0-10) in burnout was directly associated with ITL (odds ratio [OR], 1.52 [95% CI, 1.49-1.55])c, and each 1-point increase in professional fulfillment was inversely associated with ITL (OR, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.63-0.65]). After adjusting for demographics, burnout, and professional fulfillment, each 1-point increase (range 0-10) in supportive leadership behaviors (OR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.82-0.84]), peer support (OR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.91-0.95]), personal-organizational values alignment (OR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.80-0.82]), perceived gratitude (OR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.92-0.97]), COVID-19 organizational support (OR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.85-0.91]), and electronic health record helpfulness (OR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.93-0.97]) were inversely associated with ITL, whereas each 1-point increase (range 0-10) in depression (OR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.05-1.10]) and negative impact of work on personal relationships (OR, 1.09 [1.07-1.11]) were directly associated with ITL.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of academic physicians, 32.6% indicated moderate or higher ITL within 2 years. Burnout, lack of professional fulfillment, and other well-being factors were associated with ITL, suggesting the need for a comprehensive approach to reduce physician turnover.
Medical image segmentation of gastric adenocarcinoma based on dense connection of residuals
Authors: Hu Ying , Guo Yue , Xu Xian , Xie Shipeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and objectiveAccurate segmentation of gastric cancer based on CT images of gastric adenocarcinoma is crucial for physicians to screen gastric diseases, clinical diagnosis, preoperative prediction, and postoperative evaluation plans. To address the issue of the inability of the segmentation algorithm to depict the correct boundaries due to unclear gastric contours in the lesion area and the visible irregular band‐like dense shadow extending to the perigastric region, a 3D medical image segmentation model 3D UNet based on residual dense jumping method is proposed.MethodsIn the method we proposed, Residual Dense Block, which is applied to the image super‐resolution module to remove CT artifacts, and Residual Block in ResNet are further fused. The quality of CT images is improved by Residual Dense Skip Block, which removes banded dense shadows, preserves image details and edge information, captures features, and improves the segmentation performance of gastric adenocarcinoma. The Instance Normalization layer position is modified to select the best result. Different loss functions are also combined in order to obtain the best gastric adenocarcinoma segmentation performance.ResultsWe tested the model on a hospital‐provided gastric adenocarcinoma dataset. The experimental results show that our model outperforms the existing methods in CT gastric adenocarcinoma segmentation, in which the method combining the hybrid loss function of Dice and CE obtains an average dice score of 82.3%, which is improved by 5.3% and 3.8% compared to TransUNet and Hiformer, respectively, and improves the cross‐merge rate to 70.8%, compared to nnFormer, nnUNet by 1% and 0.9%, respectively.ConclusionsThe residual jump connection structure indeed improves segmentation performance. The proposed method has the potential to be used as a screen for gastric diseases and to assist physicians in diagnosis.
A Novel Ferroelectric Rashba Semiconductor
Authors: Krizman Gauthier , Zakusylo Tetiana , Sajeev Lakshmi , Hajlaoui Mahdi , Takashiro Takuya , Rosmus Marcin , Olszowska Natalia , Kołodziej Jacek J. , Bauer Günther , Caha Ondrej , Springholz Gunther 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFast, reversible, and low‐power manipulation of the spin texture is crucial for next generation spintronic devices like non‐volatile bipolar memories, switchable spin current injectors or spin field effect transistors. Ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors (FERSC) are the ideal class of materials for the realization of such devices. Their ferroelectric character enables an electronic control of the Rashba‐type spin texture by means of the reversible and switchable polarization. Yet, only very few materials are established to belong to this class of multifunctional materials. Here, Pb1−xGexTe is unraveled as a novel FERSC system down to nanoscale. The ferroelectric phase transition and concomitant lattice distortion are demonstrated by temperature dependent X‐ray diffraction, and their effect on electronic properties are measured by angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy. In few nanometer‐thick epitaxial heterostructures, a large Rashba spin‐splitting is exhibiting a wide tuning range as a function of temperature and Ge content. This work defines Pb1−xGexTe as a high‐potential FERSC system for spintronic applications.
Significance of Engineering the MnO6 Octahedral Units to Promote the Oxygen Reduction Reaction of Perovskite Oxides
Authors: Weng Zheng , Liu Luohua , Hu Yang , Wei Yicheng , Da Pengfei , Wu Zelong , Mu Zhaori , Xi Pinxian , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe electronic structure and geometric configuration of catalysts play a crucial role to design novel perovskite‐type catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Nowadays, many studies are more concerned with the influence of electronic structure and ignore the geometric effect, which plays a nonnegligible role in enhancing catalytic performances. Herein, this work regulates the MnO6 octahedral tilting degree of LaMnO3 by modulating the concentration of Y3+, excluding the electronic effect from the valence state of manganese. Plotting the MnO6 octahedral tilting degree as a function of concentration of Y3+ produces a volcano‐shaped plot. The octahedral tilting can reduce the Mn−O covalency, generating more highly active Mn3+ and oxygen vacancies during ORR process. The specific activity has a positive correlation with octahedral tilting degree. Meanwhile, the octahedral tilting stabilizes Mn−O interactions during ORR process and promote stability. Based on experimental results and DFT calculations, octahedral tilting alters the rate‐determining step (RDS) and decrease the energy barrier. Subsequent extended experiment confirms that octahedral tilting is the key factor to affect the catalytic performances.
Advanced Soft Porous Organic Crystal with Multiple Gas‐Induced Single‐Crystal‐to‐Single‐Crystal Transformations for Highly Selective Separation of Propylene and Propane
Authors: Li Lin , Zhao Shuhong , Huang Huiming , Dong Muyao , Liang Jie , Li Hui , Hao Jian , Zhao Engui , Gu Xinggui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSoft porous organic crystals with stimuli‐responsive single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) transformations are important tools for unraveling their structural transformations at the molecular level, which is of crucial importance for the rapid development of stimuli‐responsive systems. Carefully balancing the crystallinity and flexibility of materials is the prerequisite to construct advanced organic crystals with SCSC, which remains challenging. Herein, a squaraine‐based soft porous organic crystal (SPOC‐SQ) with multiple gas‐induced SCSC transformations and temperature‐regulated gate‐opening adsorption of various C1‐C3 hydrocarbons is reported. SPOC‐SQ is featured with both crystallinity and flexibility, which enable pertaining the single crystallinity of the purely organic framework during accommodating gas molecules and directly unveiling gas‐framework interplays by SCXRD technique. Thanks to the excellent softness of SPOC‐SQ crystals, multiple metastable single crystals are obtained after gas removals, which demonstrates a molecular‐scale shape‐memory effect. Benefiting from the single crystallinity, the molecule‐level structural evolutions of the SPOC‐SQ crystal framework during gas departure are uncovered. With the unique temperature‐dependent gate‐opening structural transformations, SPOC‐SQ exhibits distinctly different absorption behaviors towards C3H6 and C3H8, and highly efficient and selective separation of C3H6/C3H8 (v/v, 50/50) is achieved at 273 K. Such advanced soft porous organic crystals are of both theoretical values and practical implications.
Agroeconomic costs for meeting the Environmental Protection Agency's mitigation menu approach to pesticide regulation
Authors: Duzy Leah M. , Campana David J. , Brain Richard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn April 2022, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced a workplan for pesticide registration and reregistration to meet obligations under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), which included a menu of suggested mitigation measures to reduce potential for exposure of nontarget species to runoff, spray drift, and erosion. If adopted on registered product labels, it enables a prospective registrant to meet more stringent ESA criteria for registration, even during non‐ESA‐issued interim decisions. This paper identifies and evaluates complexities posed by the mitigation menu approach that could undermine good intentions underlying this new process and uses existing economic considerations to analyze positive and negative externalities. Several points of complexity demonstrate how the mitigation menu approach would benefit from further regulatory development or refinement. Changes should be informed by fundamental questions about the dynamics between landowners and land managers and, crucially, different motivations decision‐makers face in adopting voluntary versus regulatory mitigations.
The distribution of competitive research grants from the National Institute for Food and Agriculture: A comparison of 1862 land grant universities, 1890 land grant universities, and other institutions
Authors: Wilson Norbert L. W. , Walters Lurleen M. , Wade Tara , Reynolds Kenesha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article evaluates the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) competitive grant funding awarded to predominately White 1862 land grant institutions (LGUs), historically Black 1890 LGUs, and non‐land grant institutions. We present the historical distribution of funding for agricultural research. Much of the inquiry centers on the differential funding of the 1862 LGUs, 1890 LGUs, and non‐land grant institutions. We discuss the implications for academic and community stakeholders. Results show that, on average, 1890 LGUs and non‐land grant institutions receive less competitive grant funding than 1862 LGUs for the same award programs. We show that the disparity falls from 2010 to 2019.