bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Quadruplex Structure with a Unique Cation Dependency
Authors: Gajarsky Martin , Stadlbauer Petr , Sponer Jiri , Cucchiarini Anne , Dobrovolna Michaela , Brazda Vaclav , Mergny Jean‐Louis , Trantirek Lukas , Lenarcic Zivkovic Martina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDNA quadruplex structures provide an additional layer of regulatory control in genome maintenance and gene expression and are widely used in nanotechnology. We report the discovery of an unprecedented tetrastranded structure formed from a native G‐rich DNA sequence originating from the telomeric region of Caenorhabditis elegans. The structure is defined by multiple properties that distinguish it from all other known DNA quadruplexes. Most notably, the formation of a stable so‐called KNa‐quadruplex (KNaQ) requires concurrent coordination of K+ and Na+ ions at two distinct binding sites. This structure provides novel insight into G‐rich DNA folding under ionic conditions relevant to eukaryotic cell physiology and the structural evolution of telomeric DNA. It highlights the differences between the structural organization of human and nematode telomeric DNA, which should be considered when using C. elegans as a model in telomere biology, particularly in drug screening applications. Additionally, the absence/presence of KNaQ motifs in the host/parasite introduces an intriguing possibility of exploiting the KNaQ fold as a plausible antiparasitic drug target. The structure's unique shape and ion dependency and the possibility of controlling its folding by using low‐molecular‐weight ligands can be used for the design or discovery of novel recognition DNA elements and sensors.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Enantio‐ and Regioselective C(sp3)−H Alkenylation of Thioamides
Authors: Staronova Lucia , Yamazaki Ken , Xu Xing , Shi Heyao , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias , Hamlin Trevor A. , Dixon Darren J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn enantioselective cobalt‐catalyzed C(sp3)−H alkenylation of thioamides with but‐2‐ynoate ester coupling partners employing thioamide directing groups is presented. The method is operationally simple and requires only mild reaction conditions, while providing alkenylated products as single regioisomers in excellent yields (up to 85 %) and high enantiomeric excess [up to 91 : 9 enantiomeric ratio (er), or up to >99 : 1 er after a single recrystallization]. Diverse downstream derivatizations of the products are demonstrated, delivering a range of enantioenriched constructs. Extensive computational studies using density functional theory provide insight into the detailed reaction mechanism, origin of enantiocontrol, and the unusual regioselectivity of the alkenylation reaction.
Latency measurement in functional analysis and treatment of behaviors targeted for reduction
Authors: Mattson Stephanie L. , Spinks Hailey M. , Joslyn P. Raymond , Spinks Elissa M. , Moore Taylor F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch has demonstrated that latency is a reasonable index of response strength in the functional analysis and treatment of behaviors targeted for reduction. The literature contains numerous examples of functional analyses emphasizing latency informing effective treatment for problem behavior in various scenarios. Latency measurement can improve the versatility of functional analyses by allowing researchers and practitioners to examine behaviors that are not amenable to a traditional functional analysis arrangement and conduct assessments in challenging environments. Although there have been several reviews of the functional analysis literature, to date none have specifically addressed functional analyses emphasizing latency measurement. Given the unique advantages of latency‐based functional analyses, a systematic review could be beneficial to researchers and practitioners in behavior analysis. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature review of research on functional analyses using latency to measure target behaviors. Our review included 79 cases across 27 empirical research articles. We present a summary of the extant literature, highlight strengths and limitations of the empirical foundations, provide clinical implications, and discuss future directions for research.
Discovery of new triterpenoids from Leptopus clarkei and their antiproliferative activity on cancer cells
Authors: Chu Dong‐Hai , Qi Shi‐Zhou , Gao Hui‐Yuan , Wang Miao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwo new triterpenoids (1–2), along with six known analogues (3–8) were obtained from the dried whole plant of Leptopus clarkei. Compound 1 is a 3,4‐seco‐lupane‐type triterpenoid, and compound 2 is a phenylpropanoid‐conjugated pentacyclic triterpenoid possessing trans‐p‐coumaroyl unit attached to oleanane‐type skeleton. This is the first report on chemical investigation of the L. clarkei, and the triterpenoid derivatives were found in this plant for the first time. The structures of the new compounds were unequivocally elucidated by HRESIMS and 1D/2D NMR data. Additionally, the isolated compounds were evaluated for theircytotoxicities against four cancer cell lines including HepG2, MCF‐7, A549 and HeLa. Notably, compound 2 exhibited the most significant antiproliferative activity with IC50 less than 20 μM for four cancer lines.
Annulated Heterocyclic[g]Coumarin Composites: Synthetic Approaches and Bioactive Profiling
Authors: Mazin Zeki Nameer , Fakri Mustafa Yasser 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoumarins, widely abundant natural heterocyclic compounds, are extensively employed in creating various biologically and pharmacologically potent substances. The hybridization of heterocycles presents a key opportunity to craft innovative multicyclic compounds with enhanced biological activity. Fusing different heterocyclic rings with the coumarin structure presents an intriguing method for crafting fresh hybrid compounds possessing remarkable biological effects. In the pursuit of creating heterocyclic‐fused coumarins, a wide range of annulated heterocyclic[g]coumarin composites has been introduced, displaying impressive biological potency. The influence of the linear attachment of heterocyclic rings to the coumarin structure on the biological performance of the resulting compounds has been investigated. This review centers on the synthetic methodologies, structural activity relationship investigation, and biological potentials of annulated heterocyclic[g]coumarin composites. We conducted searches across several databases, including Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. After sieving, we ultimately identified and included 71 pertinent studies published between 2000 and the middle of 2023. This will provide valuable perspectives for medicinal chemists in the prospective design and synthesis of lead compounds with significant therapeutic effects, centered around heterocycle‐fused coumarin frameworks.
In vitro Production of Hemin‐Based Artificial Metalloenzymes
Authors: López‐Domene Rocío , Manteca Aitor , Rodriguez‐Abetxuko Andoni , Beloqui Ana , Cortajarena Aitziber L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping enzyme alternatives is pivotal to improving and enabling new processes in biotechnology and industry. Artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) are combinations of protein scaffolds with metal elements, such as metal nanoclusters or metal‐containing molecules with specific catalytic properties, which can be customized. Here, we engineered an ArM based on the consensus tetratricopeptide repeat (CTPR) scaffold by introducing a unique histidine residue to coordinate the hemin cofactor. Our results show that this engineered system exhibits robust peroxidase‐like catalytic activity driven by the hemin. The expression of the scaffold and subsequent coordination of hemin was achieved by recombinant expression in bulk and through in vitro transcription and translation systems in water‐in‐oil drops. The ability to synthesize this system in emulsio paves the way to improve its properties by means of droplet microfluidic screenings, facilitating the exploration of the protein combinatorial space to discover improved or novel catalytic activities.
Recent research progresses of Sn/Bi/In‐based electrocatalysts for electroreduction CO2 to formate
Authors: Liu Ms. Fei , Zhang Chen , Wang Jiajun , Han Xiaopeng , Hu Wenbin , Deng Yida 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCarbon dioxide electroreduction reaction (CO2RR) can take full advantage of sustainable power to reduce the continuously increasing carbon emissions. Recycling CO2 to produce formic acid or formate is a technologically and economically viable route to accomplish CO2 cyclic utilization. Developing efficient and cost‐effective electrocatalysts with high selectivity towards formate is prioritized for the industrialized applications of CO2RR electrolysis. From the previous explored CO2RR catalysts, Sn, Bi and In based materials have drawn increasing attentions due to the high selectivity towards formate. However, there are still confronted with several challenges for the practical applications of these materials. Therefore, a rational design of the catalysts for formate is urgently needed for the target of industrialized applications. Herein, we comprehensively summarized the recent development in the advanced electrocatalysts for the CO2RR to formate. Firstly, the reaction mechanism of CO2RR is introduced. Then the preparation and design strategies of the highly active electrocatalysts are presented. Especially the innovative design mechanism in engineering materials for promoting catalytic performance, and the efforts on mechanistic exploration using in situ (ex situ) characterization techniques are reviewed. Subsequently, some perspectives and expectations are proposed about current challenges and future potentials in CO2RR research.
Binary Mg‐1 at%Gd alloy anode for high‐performance rechargeable magnesium batteries
Authors: Liu Han , Tan Shuangshuang , Wang Zhongting , Chen Yifan , Yue Jili , Wang Dong , Huang Guangsheng , Wang Jingfeng , Pan Fusheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) become a highly promising candidate for the large‐scale energy storage system by right of the high volumetric capacity, intrinsic safety and abundant resources of Mg anode. However, the uneven Mg stripping and large overpotential will cause a severe pitting perforation and the followed failure of Mg anode. Herein, we proposed a high‐performance binary Mg‐1 at% Gd alloy anode prepared by the melting and hot extrusion. The introduction of 1 at% Gd element can effectively reduce the Mg2+ diffusion energy barrier (0.34 eV) on alloy surface and induces the formation of a robust and low‐resistance electrolyte/anode interphase, thus enabling a uniform and fast Mg plating/stripping. As a result, the Mg‐1 at.% Gd anode displays a largely enhanced life of 220 h and a low overpotential of 213 mV at a high current density of 5.0 mA cm−2 with 2.5 mAh cm−2. Moreover, the assembled Mg‐1 at.% Gd//Mo6S8 full cell delivers a high rate performance (73.5 mAh g−1 at 5 C) and ultralong cycling stability of 8000 cycles at 5 C. This work brings new insights to design the new‐type and practical Mg alloy anodes for commercial RMBs.
Interictal magnetic signals in new‐onset Rolandic epilepsy may help with timing of treatment selection
Authors: Xu Fengyuan , Li Yihan , Wang Yingfan , Wang Siyi , Sun Fangling , Wang Xiaoshan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveWith research progress on Rolandic epilepsy (RE), its “benign” nature has been phased out. Clinicians are exhibiting an increasing tendency toward a more assertive treatment approach for RE. Nonetheless, in clinical practice, delayed treatment remains common because of the “self‐limiting” nature of RE. Therefore, this study aimed to identify an imaging marker to aid treatment decisions and select a more appropriate time for initiating therapy for RE.MethodsWe followed up with children newly diagnosed with RE, classified them into medicated and non‐medicated groups according to the follow‐up results, and compared them with matched healthy controls. Before beginning follow‐up visits, interictal magnetic data were collected using magnetoencephalography in treatment‐naïve recently diagnosed patients. The spectral power of the whole brain during initial diagnosis was determined using minimum normative estimation combined with the Welch technique.ResultsA difference was observed in the magnetic source intensity within the left caudal anterior cingulate and precentral and postcentral gyri in the delta band between the medicated and non‐medicated groups. The results revealed good discriminatory ability within the receiver operator characteristic curve. In the medicated group, there was a specific change in the frontotemporal magnetic source intensity, which shifted from high to low frequencies, compared with the healthy control group.SignificanceThe intensity of the precentral gyrus magnetic source within the delta band showed good specificity. Considering the rigor of initial treatment, the intensity of the precentral gyrus magnetic source can provide some help as an imaging marker for initial RE treatment, particularly for the timing of treatment initiation.
The structure and vasculature in pollen cones of Taxus (Taxaceae, Gymnospermae) and its evolutionary significance
Authors: Dörken Veit Martin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe pollen cone structure and vasculature of Taxus baccata and T. wallichiana were investigated in the context of comparative studies in other conifers. The results indicate that the simple, flower‐like pollen cone of Taxus could be derived from an ancestral compound inflorescence as in Cephalotaxus and Pseudotaxus. In Cephalotaxus, each lateral flower‐like structure represents an entire pollen cone, compared with a single perisporangiate microsporangiophore in Pseudotaxus. The microsporangiophores are exclusively perisporangiate in both Pseudotaxus and Taxus, but in Pseudotaxus they are inserted in the axil of a pherophyll. By a simple reduction of these pherophylls, the Taxus pollen cone is formed—a strongly reduced inflorescence with flowers reduced to perisporangiate microsporangiophores, which are inserted directly at the cone axis, without pherophylls. Thus, the perisporangiate Taxus microsporangiophores correspond to the axillary flowers in Cephalotaxus and Pseudotaxus. The Taxus flower results from a strong reduction of an ancestral Cephalotaxus‐like flower type (lateral pollen cones), where all remaining hyposporangiate microsporangiophores have fused to a radial structure during evolution. Thus, perisporangiate Taxus microsporangiophores represent radial synangia and not peltate microsporophylls, suggesting that hyposporangiate microsporangiophores are the ancestral condition in Taxaceae s.l.
Mitigating Global Challenges: Harnessing Green Synthesized Nanomaterials for Sustainable Crop Production Systems
Authors: Sundararajan Niranjana , Habeebsheriff Heena Shabnam , Dhanabalan Karthikkumar , Cong Vo Huu , Wong Ling Shing , Rajamani Ranjithkumar , Dhar Bablu Kumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGreen nanotechnology, an emerging field, offers economic and social benefits while minimizing environmental impact. Nanoparticles, pivotal in medicine, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture, are now sourced from green plants and microorganisms, overcoming limitations of chemically synthesized ones. In agriculture, these green‐made nanoparticles find use in fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides, and fungicides. Nanofertilizers curtail mineral losses, bolster yields, and foster agricultural progress. Their biological production, preferred for environmental friendliness and high purity, is cost‐effective and efficient. Biosensors aid early disease detection, ensuring food security and sustainable farming by reducing excessive pesticide use. This eco‐friendly approach harnesses natural phytochemicals to boost crop productivity. This review highlights recent strides in green nanotechnology, showcasing how green‐synthesized nanomaterials elevate crop quality, combat plant pathogens, and manage diseases and stress. These advancements pave the way for sustainable crop production systems in the future.
Overweight‐years and cancer risk: A prospective study of the association and comparison of predictive performance with body mass index (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study)
Authors: Hawwash Nadin K. , Sperrin Matthew , Martin Glen P. , Joshu Corinne E. , Florido Roberta , Platz Elizabeth A. , Renehan Andrew G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExcess body mass index (BMI) is associated with a higher risk of at least 13 cancers, but it is usually measured at a single time point. We tested whether the overweight‐years metric, which incorporates exposure time to BMI ≥25 kg/m2, is associated with cancer risk and compared this with a single BMI measure. We used adulthood BMI readings in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study to derive the overweight‐years metric. We calculated associations between the metric and BMI and the risk of cancers using Cox proportional hazards models. Models that either included the metric or BMI were compared using Harrell's C‐statistic. We included 13,463 participants, with 3,876 first primary cancers over a mean of 19 years (SD 7) of cancer follow‐up. Hazard ratios for obesity‐related cancers per standard deviation overweight‐years were 1.15 (95% CI: 1.05–1.25) in men and 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08–1.20) in women. The difference in the C‐statistic between models that incorporated BMI, or the overweight‐years metric was non‐significant in men and women. Overweight‐years was associated with the risk of obesity‐related cancers but did not outperform a single BMI measure in association performance characteristics.
Cannabis Science and Therapeutics: An Overview for Clinicians
Authors: Sera Leah , Hempel‐Sanderoff Carrie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCannabis‐based therapeutics have garnered increasing attention in recent years as patients seek alternative treatments for various medical conditions. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the science behind the medical use of cannabis, focusing on the medical evidence for commonly treated conditions. In addition, the review addresses the practical considerations of using cannabis as a therapeutic agent, offering insights into dosing strategies, variations in cannabinoid formulation, and individual patient responses. Precautions, adverse consequences, and drug interactions are also discussed, with a focus on patient safety and the potential risks associated with cannabis use.
Systemic immune‐inflammation index is associated with ulcerative plaque in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A single center exploratory study
Authors: Zhang Lianlian , Xu Xinchun , Zhang Xinyuan , Jiang Shu , Hui Pinjing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study explored the correlation between inflammatory markers and ulcerative plaques based on carotid doppler ultrasound (CDU) in individuals with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).MethodsA total of 202 cases diagnosed with AIS associated with atherosclerotic plaque (AP) in the carotid artery were enrolled in this research. Collecting clinical baseline data, laboratory data (such as the complete blood count) and imaging data (CDU and Brain magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). Then the correlation between Systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII, SII = P N/L, where P, N, and L were the peripheral blood platelet, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, respectively), the shape and position of AP, the degree of carotid artery stenosis, and the presence of ulcerative plaques. Cutoff values were determined accordingly.ResultsSII and high sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP) were independent risk factors for the presence of vulnerable carotid plaques. SII, type A plaque, plaque above carotid bifurcation, and severe carotid stenosis were independent risk factors for the presence of ulcerative plaque. The AUC value, the sensitivity, specificity, the best cutoff value of SII in predicting the presence of ulcerative plaque was 0.895, 93.3%, 89.2%, and 537.4 (109/L), respectively.ConclusionSII at admission was found to be independently associated with the presence of AIS with vulnerable plaque, especially ulcerative plaques. Moreover, plaque ulceration was more likely to form when the area of higher plaque thickness was located in the upstream arterial wall of maximum plaque thickness (WTmax), plaque was above the carotid bifurcation and severe carotid stenosis.
Simultaneous chromatographic separation of the anomers of saccharides on a polymer sulfobetaine zwitterionic stationary phase
Authors: Yang Min , Mei Haokun , Jiang Yu , Zhang Feifang , Yu Ziteng , Yang Bingcheng 
Published: December 2023

Simultaneous chromatographic separation of the anomers of saccharides was achieved by using a polymer zwitterionic stationary phase functionalized by acrylamide‐type sulfobetaine. By optimization of separation parameters including column temperature, pH, and flow rate, the column operated in hydrophilic interaction chromatography mode exhibited excellent separation selectivity toward five monosaccharides and their anomers (including ribose, xylose, galactose, glucose, and arabinose) and two disaccharides (lactose and maltose). Baseline separation could be achieved at mild operation conditions such as 20–30°C of column temperature or typical mobile phase composition (85% acetrontrile–15% 20 mM ammonium formate [NH4FA]) with wide pH tolerance range of 2–8. This offers a rapid way to determine the configuration of α or β anomer of the saccharides.
Summary of single nucleotide polymorphisms in filaggrin associated with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Pandya Rachita , Baghchechi Mohsen , Langan Sinead , Margolis David J. , Paternoster Lavinia , Sibbald Cathryn , Wan Joy , Zaman Saman , Abuabara Katrina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLoss of function mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) play an important role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). However, FLG is structurally challenging to sequence using conventional high‐throughput techniques. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) chips and imputation panels are also not designed to detect most of these mutations. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools have variable sensitivity for identification of loss of function variants. Targeted sequencing is often performed for AD but requires a comprehensive list of potential variants.ObjectivesThis study sought to compile all published FLG single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AD and characterize the methods for assessing the associated phenotype.MethodsWe searched nine electronic databases for studies that reported measures of association between FLG and AD. Data regarding FLG SNPs and participant demographics were extracted. The identified SNPs were compared to those available in the National Human Genome Research Institute‐European Bioinformatics Institute (NHGRI‐EBI) GWAS Catalogue and the 1000Genomes reference panel.ResultsWe identified 168 SNPs in FLG that have been associated with AD, with the most studied being R501X, 2282del4, R2447X, 3321delA, S3247X and p.S2554 in European and Asian ancestries. A total of 153 of these SNPs are not available from GWAS studies, and 78 are not included in the 1000Genomes reference panel.ConclusionsBecause FLG is a complex gene, current GWAS chips do not capture most of the polymorphisms that have been associated with AD.