bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Metal‐Metal‐Nonmetal Multidoped TiO2 Nanoparticles towards Visible Light
Authors: Khatun M. Mahfuza , Islam M. Bodiul , Sumona Hasnat Jahan , Al Mahmood Abdullah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTiO2 is the most important and remarkable material in photocatalytic applications. In the present work, pure and doped TiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by the sol‐gel synthesis route. The impact of the metal and nonmetal dopants on the performance of the photocatalysts was examined systematically. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis affirmed the existence of anatase and rutile phases in the fabricated nanoparticles. The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) analysis confirmed that all doped TiO2 nanoparticles have a lower bandgap than undoped TiO2, and (N, Cu, Ag)‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles having the lowest bandgap (2.38 eV), demonstrating that metal‐metal‐nonmetal multidoping improves TiO2′s sensitivity towards visible light. In comparison to pure and other doped TiO2 nanoparticles, methylene blue (MB) photodegrades at a faster rate (rate constant of 0.04878 min−1) with the highest photocatalytic activity (99.61 % MB degradation) on the surface of (N, Cu, Ag)‐doped TiO2. The photocatalytic activities of TiO2 nanoparticles have been improved by multidoping in the following sequence: TiO2<N‐doped TiO2<(N, Cu)‐doped TiO2<(N, Ag)‐doped TiO2<(N, Cu, Ag)‐doped TiO2.
An Efficient Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation and In Silico Studies of 1,2,3‐Triazolyl‐isoxazolyl‐ethanol Derivatives
Authors: Bhoye Manish R. , Latif Shaikh Abdul , Walunj Yogesh , Pissurlenkar Raghuvir R. S. , Chavan Abhijit , Mhaske Pravin C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA series of 2‐(1‐substituted benzyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐1‐(5‐arylisoxazol‐3‐yl)ethanol (8 a–p) have been designed and efficiently synthesized. The structure of the compounds 8 a–p was characterized by spectral methods. The newly synthesized 1,2,3‐triazolyl‐isoxazolyl‐ethanol (8 a–p) derivatives were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against P. mirabilis, E. coli, S. albus, B. subtilis, C. albicans and A. niger. Eleven derivatives showed good activity against the Gram‐negative strains. Compounds 8 b, 8 c, 8 d, 8 g, 8 h, 8 i, 8 j, 8 k, 8 n, 8 o, and 8 p showed good antibacterial against E. coli activity. Against P. mirabilis, compounds 8 a, 8 b, 8 d, 8 g, 8 h, 8 k, 8 l, 8 m, 8 n, 8 o, and 8 p showed good activity, compounds 8 o, and 8 p showed two‐fold less activity than the reference drug streptomycin. Against the Gram‐positive strain, B. subtilis, compounds 8 c, 8 d and 8 f showed good activity, from which the compounds 8 d and 8 f were found only two‐fold less potent than the reference drug streptomycin. Against fungal strains, C. albicans, compound 8 g and against A. niger, compounds 8 f, 8 h and 8 j showed good antifungal activity. Against A. niger strain, the compounds 8 f and 8 h reported only two‐fold less activity than the reference drug fluconazole. The active compounds were studied for molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations.
DBN Promoted [4+2] Annulation of Malononitrile and 2‐(3‐Oxo‐3‐arylprop‐1‐en‐1‐yl)phenyl buta‐2,3‐dienoates to Construct 2‐Amino‐4‐(2‐oxo‐2‐phenylethyl)‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carbonitriles
Authors: Sun Xiaobin , Lu Tianyu , Lin Weisheng , Miao Zhiwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA DBN promoted [4+2] cycloaddition of malononitrile with 2‐(3‐oxo‐3‐arylprop‐1‐en‐1‐yl)phenyl buta‐2,3‐dienoates has been developed. This protocol provides a simple strategy for the construction of 2‐amino‐4‐(2‐oxo‐2‐phenylethyl)‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carbonitriles in moderate to good yields.
Highly Stable Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Tuning the Molecular Polarity of Diluents in Localized High‐Concentration Electrolytes
Authors: Yang Xin‐Tao , Han Chong , Xie Yi‐Meng , Fang Rong , Zheng Shisheng , Tian Jing‐Hua , Lin Xiu‐Mei , Zhang Hua , Mao Bing‐Wei , Gu Yu , Wang Yao‐Hui , Li Jian‐Feng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectrolyte plays a crucial role in ensuring stable operation of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Localized high‐concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have the potential to form a robust solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) and mitigate Li dendrite growth, making them a highly promising electrolyte option. However, the principles governing the selection of diluents, a crucial component in LHCE, have not been clearly determined, hampering the advancement of such a type of electrolyte systems. Herein, the diluents from the perspective of molecular polarity are rationally designed and developed. A moderately fluorinated solvent, 1‐(1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethoxy)propane (TNE), is employed as a diluent to create a novel LHCE. The unique molecular structure of TNE enhances the intrinsic dipole moment, thereby altering solvent interactions and the coordination environment of Li‐ions in LHCE. The achieved solvation structure not only enhances the bulk properties of LHCE, but also facilitates the formation of more stable anion‐derived SEIs featured with a higher proportion of inorganic species. Consequently, the corresponding full cells of both Li||LiFePO4 and Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cells utilizing Li thin‐film anodes exhibit extended long‐term stability with significantly improved average Coulombic efficiency. This work offers new insights into the functions of diluents in LHCEs and provides direction for further optimizing the LHCEs for LMBs.
An Industry Perspective on Dix pour cent and Ten Percent
Authors: Valentin Harold , Baute Christian , Kitsopanidou Kira , Thévenin Olivier , Harrod Mary , Moine Raphaëlle , Sellier Geneviève , Kaftal Anne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter comprises the transcript of an interview with Harold Valentin, producer of Dix pour cent (Mother Production), and Christian Baute, producer of its British remake, Ten Percent (Headline Pictures), that took place on Saturday 11 September 2021 as part of the bilingual online workshop ‘Global Gallicisms II: Circulating Frenchness Through Mainstream Film and Television’ (10–11 September 2021). Topics covered include the reasons for the success of Dix pour cent locally and internationally; how different industry actors, both national and transnational, influenced this; and factors shaping the British adaptation. Discussion also ranged beyond the specific case study to discuss hindrances and affordances of the current global industry for producing French series, notably postnational ones.
Study of new physics effects in $$ {\overline{B}}_s\to {D}_s^{\left(\ast \right)}{\tau}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_{\tau } $$ semileptonic decays using lattice QCD form factors and heavy quark effective theory
Authors: Penalva Neus , Flynn Jonathan M. , Hernández Eliecer , Nieves Juan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We benefit from the lattice QCD determination by the HPQCD of the Standard Model (SM) form factors for the $$ {\overline{B}}_s\to {D}_s $$

B
¯

s

→

D
s

[Phys. Rev. D101 (2020) 074513] and the SM and tensor ones for the $$ {\overline{B}}_s\to {D}_s^{\ast } $$

B
¯

s

→

D
s
∗

(arXiv:2304.03137 [hep-lat]) semileptonic decays, and the heavy quark effective theory (HQET) relations for the analogous B → D(*) decays obtained by F.U. Bernlochner et al. in Phys. Rev. D95 (2017) 115008, to extract the leading and sub-leading Isgur-Wise functions for the $$ {\overline{B}}_s\to {D}_s^{\left(\ast \right)} $$

B
¯

s

→

D
s

∗

decays. Further use of the HQET relations allows us to evaluate the corresponding scalar, pseudoscalar and tensor form factors needed for a phenomenological study of new physics (NP) effects on the $$ {\overline{B}}_s\to {D}_s^{\left(\ast \right)} $$

B
¯

s

→

D
s

∗

semileptonic decay. At present, the experimental values for the ratios $$ {\mathcal{R}}_{D^{\left(\ast \right)}}=\Gamma \left[\overline{B}\to {D}^{\left(\ast \right)}{\tau}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_{\tau}\left]/\Gamma \right[\overline{B}\to {D}^{\left(\ast \right)}{e}^{-}\left({\mu}^{-}\right){\overline{\nu}}_{e\left(\mu \right)}\right] $$

R

D

∗

=
Γ

B
¯

→

D

∗

τ
−

ν
¯

τ

/
Γ

B
¯

→

D

∗

e
−

μ
−

ν
¯

e

μ

are the best signal in favor of lepton flavor universality violation (LFUV) seen in charged current (CC) b → c decays. In this work we conduct a study of NP effects on the $$ {\overline{B}}_s\to {D}_s^{\left(\ast \right)}{\tau}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_{\tau } $$

B
¯

s

→

D
s

∗

τ
−

ν
¯

τ

semileptonic decays by comparing tau spin, angular and spin-angular asymmetry distributions obtained within the SM and three different NP scenarios. As expected from SU(3) light-flavor symmetry, we get results close to the ones found in a similar analysis of the $$ \overline{B}\to {D}^{\left(\ast \right)} $$

B
¯

→

D

∗

case. The measurement of the $$ {\overline{B}}_s\to {D}_s^{\left(\ast \right)}\ell {\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$

B
¯

s

→

D
s

∗

ℓ

ν
¯

ℓ

semileptonic decays, which is within reach of present experiments, could then be of relevance in helping to establish or rule out LFUV in CC b → c transitions.
Supersymmetric solutions of type-II supergravity from λ-deformations and zoom-in limits
Authors: Itsios Georgios 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We construct the embedding of the λ-model on SL(2, ℝ) × SU(2) × SU(2) in type-II supergravity. In the absence of deformation, the ten-dimensional background corresponds to the near-horizon limit of the NS1-NS5-NS5 brane intersection. We show that when the deformation is turned on, supersymmetry breaks by half, and the solution preserves 8 supercharges. The Penrose limits along two null geodesics of the deformed geometry are also considered. It turns out that none of the associated plane-wave backgrounds exhibit supernumerary supercharges.
Orbifolds and Manifold Quotients with Upper Curvature Bounds
Authors: Lange Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe characterize Riemannian orbifolds with an upper curvature bound in the Alexandrov sense as reflectofolds, i.e., Riemannian orbifolds all of whose local groups are generated by reflections, with the same upper bound on the sectional curvature. Combined with a result by Lytchak–Thorbergsson this implies that a quotient of a Riemannian manifold by a closed group of isometries has locally bounded curvature (from above) in the Alexandrov sense if and only if it is a reflectofold.
Detection of Spinal Cord Multiple Sclerosis Lesions Using a 3D-PSIR Sequence at 1.5 T
Authors: Peters Sönke , Neves Fernando Bueno , Huhndorf Monika , Gärtner Friederike , Stürner Klarissa , Jansen Olav , Salehi Ravesh Mona 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent autoimmune inflammatory disease. Besides cerebral manifestations, an affection of the spinal cord is typical; however, imaging of the spinal cord is difficult due to its anatomy. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of a 3D PSIR pulse sequencing at a 1.5 T magnetic field strength for both the cervical and thoracic spinal cord.

Methods
Phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR), short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and T2-weighted (T2-w) images of the spinal cord of 50 patients were separately evaluated by three radiologists concerning the number and location of MS lesions. Furthermore, lesion to cord contrast ratios were determined for the cervical and thoracic spinal cord.

Results
Of the lesions 54.81% were located in the cervical spinal cord, 42.26% in the thoracic spinal cord and 2.93% in the conus medullaris. The PSIR images showed a higher sensitivity for lesion detection in the cervical and thoracic spinal cord (77.10% and 72.61%, respectively) compared to the STIR images (58.63% and 59.10%, respectively) and the T2-w images (59.95% and 59.52%, respectively). The average lesion to cord contrast ratio was significantly higher in the PSIR images compared to the STIR images (p < 0.001) and the T2-w images (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Evaluation of the spinal cord with a 3D PSIR sequence at a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T is feasible with a high sensitivity for the detection of spinal MS lesions for the cervical as well as the thoracic segments. In combination with other pulse sequences it might become a valuable addition in an advanced imaging protocol.
A comparative study of the thermal and mechanical cutting influence on the cut-edge hardness of structural steels S355 and S1100
Authors: Diekhoff Paul , Sun Jiamin , Nitschke-Pagel Thomas , Dilger Klaus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThermal and mechanical cutting processes are commonly applied in manufacturing industries for making a specific size and shape of samples. The material properties of the heat-affected metal at the cut edge might be different from those of the parent metal. Hardness as a very important parameter for the assessment of material properties has been widely used in the design procedure. The Vickers hardness test is a versatile method to measure material hardness in practice. In this study, a comparison of cut-edge hardness between the thermal and mechanical cutting processes was performed on the structural steels S355 and S1100 by using the Vickers hardness test method with a small angle at cut edges to widen the heat-affected zone (HAZ). Based on the measurements, the influence of the Vickers test load on the magnitude and distribution of cut-edge hardness for laser-cut samples of steels S355 and S1100 was clarified. Furthermore, the effects of cutting processes on the hardness were illustrated. Finally, a comparison between the distribution characteristics of the cut-edge hardness of steels S355 and S1100 was made. For structural steel, it is recommended to apply the Vickers hardness testing method with a test load of 1 kpf and with a small angle at cut edges to widen the HAZ and to get reasonable results. The hardness distribution and the maximum for laser- and plasma-cut edges are similar, depending on the material, with a maximum of 450 HV1 for S355N and of 550 HV1 for S1100M.
Cloudwork als Chance für den Globalen Süden?
Authors: López Tatiana , Feuerstein Patrick , de Vera Janine , Varaschin Giulia , Karlıdağ Zeynep , Graham Mark 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungOnline-Plattformarbeit – auch als „Cloudwork“ bekannt – hat in den letzten Jahren ein rasantes Wachstum verzeichnet. Entwicklungspolitische Debatten betonen in diesem Zusammenhang die neuen Einkommens- und professionellen Entwicklungschancen für gut ausgebildete, jedoch oft unterbeschäftigte Arbeiter*innen aus Ländern des Globalen Südens. Cloudwork-Plattformen bieten diesen Arbeiter*innen neue Zugänge zu Kund*innen und Aufträgen aus dem Globalen Norden, die in Dollar oder Euro vergütet werden. Gleichzeitig zeigen Studien jedoch, dass Online-Plattformarbeit oftmals mit unsicheren Bedingungen und psychischen Belastungen einhergeht. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Einkommens- und professionellen Entwicklungschancen von Online-Plattformarbeiter*innen aus dem Globalen Süden im Übersetzungs- und Transkriptionssektor. Er stützt sich auf eine quantitative Online-Befragung mit 401 Plattformarbeiter*innen (darunter 266 aus dem Globalen Süden), die im Jahr 2022 im Rahmen des Fairwork-Projekts durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Einkommens- und professionellen Entwicklungschancen von Cloud-Arbeiter*innen durch ihre geographische Verortung und die Art der Arbeitsorganisation auf den einzelnen Plattformen beeinflusst werden. Arbeiter*innen aus dem Globalen Süden mussten im Vergleich zu ihren Kolleg*innen aus dem Globalen Norden mehr unbezahlte Arbeitszeit (z. B. in die Suche nach Jobs) investieren. Trotzdem konnten Arbeiter*innen aus dem Globalen Süden auch unter Einberechnung der unbezahlten Arbeitsstunden eher ein Einkommen über dem lokalen Mindestlohnniveau erzielen – eine Tatsache, die sich durch internationale Unterschiede in den lokalen Lohnniveaus erklären lässt. Unbezahlte Arbeitszeit ist besonders ausgeprägt auf sogenannten „Micro-Task-Plattformen“ im Transkriptionssektor, da hier das Überangebot von Arbeitskräften in der Regel sehr hoch ist. Insgesamt verdeutlicht unser Beitrag die Machtposition von Plattformunternehmen, welche neue globale Geographien der Online-Arbeit hervorbringen und kontrollieren, und damit Chancen für gute Arbeit im Globalen Süden beeinflussen.
Usage of nivolumab and ipilimumab for recurrent or advanced malignant vaginal melanoma: a two-case series
Authors: Konishi Kota , Okamoto Mamiko , Tokumitsu Ryuichi , Yano Mitsutake , Nasu Kaei , Kobayashi Eiji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors help treat malignant melanoma, but show limited use in treating malignant vaginal melanoma, an aggressive, rare gynecological malignancy. We identified two patients treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab for vaginal melanoma; both were immunonegative for programmed cell death-ligand 1 and wild-type BRAF. Case 1, a 56-year-old female who underwent radical surgery for stage 1 malignant vaginal melanoma, experienced recurrence 15 months postoperatively. She briefly responded to ipilimumab and nivolumab combination therapy before showing disease progression. Tumor shrinkage occurred with nivolumab and local radiotherapy and, 45 months postoperatively, she survives with the melanoma. Case 2, a 50-year-old female, presented with a 4-cm blackish polypoid vaginal tumor with metastatic pelvic lymph nodes. She received ipilimumab and nivolumab combination therapy for stage III unresectable malignant vaginal melanoma. The vaginal tumor shrank after the third course of treatment, and the lymphadenopathy disappeared. The patient underwent radical surgery and is currently disease-free, using nivolumab for maintenance therapy. Both patients had immune-related adverse events coinciding with periods of high therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Neoadjuvant therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and radiotherapy for immune checkpoint inhibitor resensitization may effectively treat advanced or recurrent vaginal melanoma.
Exploring smallholder farmers’ climate change adaptation intentions in Tiruchirappalli District, South India
Authors: Mitter Hermine , Obermeier Kathrin , Schmid Erwin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSmallholder farmers are disproportionally vulnerable to climate change, and knowledge on cognitive factors and processes is required to successfully support their adaptation to climate change. Hence, we apply a qualitative interview approach to investigate smallholder farmers’ adaptation intentions and behavior. The theoretical Model of Private Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change has guided data collection and analysis. We conducted twenty semi-structured interviews with smallholder farmers living and working in Tiruchirappalli District in South India. We applied a qualitative content analysis by combining a content-structuring with a type-building approach. The systematic analysis resulted in four types of smallholder farmers that differ in the formation of adaptation intentions. Three of these types intend to adapt and follow different adaptation plans: (i) innovative measures that are new to the farm or region and are considered effective to overcome the detriments experienced from past efforts, (ii) contractive measures such as selling land or livestock, and (iii) retaining past measures they consider effective while relying on their access to resources. Only one type does not intend to adapt, emphasizing that rain is absolutely necessary to continue farming. We conclude that public efforts could focus on education and training programs adjusted to the farmers’ needs, measures to maintain or increase the fertility of land and farmers’ livelihood, flexible water conservation technologies and regular checking of dams, fostering combined adaptation and mitigation measures, providing access to loans up to debt cancellation, and offering physical and mental health programs.
Solving a real-life multi-skill resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem
Authors: Torba Rahman , Dauzère-Pérès Stéphane , Yugma Claude , Gallais Cédric , Pouzet Juliette 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses a multi-skill resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem (MSRCMPSP) with different types of resources and complex industrial constraints, which originates from SNCF heavy maintenance factories. Two objective functions, that have been rarely addressed in the literature, are independently considered: (i) Minimization of the sum of the weighted tardiness of the projects and (ii) Minimization of the sum of the weighted duration of the projects. A time-indexed mixed-integer linear programming model is presented with both resource assignment and capacity constraints. To solve large instances with several thousand activities, a new memetic algorithm combining a novel hybrid simulated genetic algorithm with a simulated annealing is implemented. The memetic algorithm is compared with popular solution approaches. Computational experiments conducted on real instances and benchmark instances validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
A window to the future: effects of climate change on the distribution patterns of Iranian Zygaenidae and their host plants
Authors: Noori Sajad , Hofmann Axel , Rödder Dennis , Husemann Martin , Rajaei Hossein 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClimate change has been suggested as an important human-induced driver for the ongoing sixth mass extinction. As a common response to climate change, and particularly global warming, species move toward higher latitudes or shift uphill. Furthermore, rapid climate change impacts the biotic interactions of species, particularly in the case of Zygaenid moths which exhibit high specialization in both habitat and host plant preferences. Iranian Zygaenidae are relatively well-known and represent a unique fauna with a high endemism rate (46%) in the whole Palearctic; as such they are a good model group to study the impact of climate change on future distributions. In this study, we used species distribution models (SDMs) and ensembles of small models (ESMs) to investigate the impact of climate change on the future distribution of endemic and non-endemic species of zygaenids, as well as their larval host plants. Three different climate scenarios were applied to forecast the probable responses of the species to different climate change intensities. Our results suggest that the central and southern parts of the country will be impacted profoundly by climate change compared to the northern regions. Beyond this, most endemic species will experience an altitudinal shift from their current range, while non-endemic species may move towards higher latitudes. Considering that the regions with higher diversity of zygaenids are limited to mountainous areas, mainly within the Irano-Anatolian biodiversity hotspot, the identification of their local high diversity regions for conservation practices has a high priority.
3D printed microfluidic valve on PCB for flow control applications using liquid metal
Authors: Hamza Ahmed , Navale Anagha , Song Qingchuan , Bhagwat Sagar , Kotz-Helmer Frederik , Pezeshkpour Pegah , Rapp Bastian E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDirect 3D printing of active microfluidic elements on PCB substrates enables high-speed fabrication of stand-alone microdevices for a variety of health and energy applications. Microvalves are key components of microfluidic devices and liquid metal (LM) microvalves exhibit promising flow control in microsystems integrated with PCBs. In this paper, we demonstrate LM microvalves directly 3D printed on PCB using advanced digital light processing (DLP). Electrodes on PCB are coated by carbon ink to prevent alloying between gallium-based LM plug and copper electrodes. We used DLP 3D printers with in-house developed acrylic-based resins, Isobornyl Acrylate, and Diurethane Dimethacrylate (DUDMA) and functionalized PCB surface with acrylic-based resin for strong bonding. Valving seats are printed in a 3D caterpillar geometry with chamber diameter of 700 µm. We successfully printed channels and nozzles down to 90 µm. Aiming for microvalves for low-power applications, we applied square-wave voltage of 2 Vpp at a range of frequencies between 5 to 35 Hz. The results show precise control of the bistable valving mechanism based on electrochemical actuation of LMs.