bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strigolactone roles in maize tolerance to low nitrogen involve shifts in acquisition and partitioning of protein, sulfur, and iron
Authors: Quaggiotti Silvia , Buzzicotti Leonardo , Koch Karen E. , Guan Jiahn Chou , Trevisan Sara , Varotto Serena , Ruperti Benedetto , Ravazzolo Laura 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background and Aims
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient that can limit plant development and crop yield through widespread physiological and molecular impacts. In maize, N-starvation enhances biosynthesis and exudation of strigolactones (SLs) in a process reversible by nitrate addition and consequent repression of genes for SL biosynthesis.

Methods
In the present study, a maize mutant deficient in SL biosynthesis (zmccd8) allowed an in-depth analysis of SL contributions under low N. Both hydroponic and field conditions were used to better characterize the response of the mutant to N availability.

Results
The severity of responses to N-limitation by the SL-deficient zmccd8 mutant extended from growth parameters to content of iron, sulfur, protein, and photosynthetic pigments, as well as pronounced impacts on expression of key genes, which could be crucial molecular target for the SL-mediated acclimatation to N shortage.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that SLs are critical for physiological acclimation to N deficiency by maize and identify central players in this action. Further contributions by iron and sulfur are implicated in the complex pathway underlying SL modulation of responses to N-deprivation, thus widening our knowledge on SL functioning and providing new hints on their potential use in agriculture.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in School-age Children: A Nationwide Prospective Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Christoffersen Mogens Nygaard , Thorup Anne A. E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTraumatic childhood events are some of the few identifiable and to some extent preventable causes of psychiatric illness. Children exposed to severely stressful events may react with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and this may impact their level of function in daily life, their future development and mental health. The traumatic stress model suggests that traumatic stress in the family, community violence, and other traumas are regarded as additive environmental factors that can outweigh protective compensatory factors and thus interact with individual vulnerabilities. This study is based on prospective panel data including the whole population of children born in Denmark from 1984 to 1994, who are followed from age 7 to age 18 (N = 679,000) in the window between 2001 and 2012. Risk factors for first-time diagnose with PTSD are analyzed by the discrete time log-odd model. We found a lifetime prevalence of 2.3% PTSD in school-age children (n = 15,636). In accordance with the model, indicators of traumatic stress in the family, family disintegration, community violence, and individual vulnerabilities predicted later diagnose with PTSD. Individual neurodevelopmental disorder – especially autism (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR 7.1) and ADHD (OR 10.7) – were predicative of PTSD. The results cooperated the traumatic stress model. Some results were inconsistent with the traumatic stress model e.g., parental substance abuse were associated with less than expected PTSD in school-age children when adjusted for other risk factors. This indicates that PTSD may be underestimated in these groups. PTSD diagnoses in administrative records underestimate the prevalence, systematically. Efforts to increase PTSD screening may allow for better management.
Loss of EIF4G2 mediates aggressiveness in distinct human endometrial cancer subpopulations with poor survival outcome in patients
Authors: Meril Sara , Muhlbauer Avni Maya , Lior Chen , Bahlsen Marcela , Olender Tsviya , Savidor Alon , Krausz Judit , Belhanes Peled Hila , Birisi Hila , David Nofar , Bialik Shani , Scherz-Shouval Ruth , Ben David Yehuda , Kimchi Adi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe non-canonical translation initiation factor EIF4G2 plays essential roles in cellular stress responses via translation of selective mRNA cohorts. Currently there is limited and conflicting information regarding its involvement in cancer development and progression. Here we assessed its role in endometrial cancer (EC), in a cohort of 280 EC patients across different types, grades, and stages, and found that low EIF4G2 expression highly correlated with poor overall- and recurrence-free survival in Grade 2 EC patients, monitored over a period of up to 12 years. To establish a causative connection between low EIF4G2 expression and cancer progression, we stably knocked-down EIF4G2 in two human EC cell lines in parallel. EIF4G2 depletion resulted in increased resistance to conventional therapies and increased the prevalence of molecular markers for aggressive cell subsets, altering their transcriptional and proteomic landscapes. Prominent among the proteins with decreased abundance were Kinesin-1 motor proteins, KIF5B and KLC1, 2, 3. Multiplexed imaging of the EC patient tumor cohort showed a correlation between decreased expression of the kinesin proteins, and poor survival in patients with tumors of certain grades and stages. These findings reveal potential novel biomarkers for Grade 2 EC with ramifications for patient stratification and therapeutic interventions.
Clinical implications of AR alterations in advanced prostate cancer: a multi-institutional collaboration
Authors: Zengin Zeynep B. , Henderson Nicholas C. , Park Joseph J. , Ali Alicia , Nguyen Charles , Hwang Clara , Barata Pedro C. , Bilen Mehmet A. , Graham Laura , Mo George , Kilari Deepak , Tripathi Abhishek , Labriola Matthew , Rothstein Shoshana , Garje Rohan , Koshkin Vadim S. , Patel Vaibhav G. , Schweizer Michael T. , Armstrong Andrew J. , McKay Rana R. , Alva Ajjai , Dorff Tanya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
AR gene alterations can develop in response to pressure of testosterone suppression and androgen receptor targeting agents (ARTA). Despite this, the relevance of these gene alterations in the context of ARTA treatment and clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Methods
Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) who had undergone genomic testing and received ARTA treatment were identified in the Prostate Cancer Precision Medicine Multi-Institutional Collaborative Effort (PROMISE) database. Patients were stratified according to the timing of genomic testing relative to the first ARTA treatment (pre-/post-ARTA). Clinical outcomes such as time to progression, PSA response, and overall survival were compared based on alteration types.

Results
In total, 540 CRPC patients who received ARTA and had tissue-based (n = 321) and/or blood-based (n = 244) genomic sequencing were identified. Median age was 62 years (range 39−90) at the time of the diagnosis. Majority were White (72.2%) and had metastatic disease (92.6%) at the time of the first ARTA treatment. Pre-ARTA genomic testing was available in 24.8% of the patients, and AR mutations and amplifications were observed in 8.2% and 13.1% of the patients, respectively. Further, time to progression was longer in patients with AR amplifications (25.7 months) compared to those without an AR alteration (9.6 months; p = 0.03). In the post-ARTA group (n = 406), AR mutations and AR amplifications were observed in 18.5% and 35.7% of the patients, respectively. The most common mutation in post-ARTA group was L702H (9.9%).

Conclusion
In this real-world clinicogenomics database-driven study we explored the development of AR alterations and their association with ARTA treatment outcomes. Our study showed that AR amplifications are associated with longer time to progression on first ARTA treatment. Further prospective studies are needed to optimize therapeutic strategies for patients with AR alterations.
Robotic assisted orbital surgery for resection of advanced periocular tumours – a case series report on the feasibility, safety and outcome
Authors: Malik Mohsan , Daniel Claire , Faulkner Jack , Uddin Jimmy , Arora Asit , Jeannon Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Orbital surgery benefits from well-designed instrumentation that offers gentle tissue manipulation, high manoeuvrability and control. Nevertheless, in confined spaces, tissue manipulation must be accomplished with exceptionally high accuracy and precision. This is where robotic surgery offers an advantage. We aimed to evaluate a robotic-assisted surgical system’s feasibility, safety and outcome in assisting tumour clearance.

Patients and methods
A case series of patients with advanced periocular tumours undergoing robotic-assisted globe-sparing resection was performed using the DaVinci XI system (Intuitive Surgical, Inc). Institutional ethics and multidisciplinary approval were sought in all cases.

Results
Four patients with advanced periocular tumours underwent robotic-assisted orbital surgery at a mean age of 63 years (range 42–86). Two patients were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, and two had basal cell carcinoma. One patient was found to have positive lymph nodes at the time of surgery and underwent simultaneous parotidectomy and lymph node clearance. Clear resection of the primary tumour was achieved in all patients; three patients underwent further resection due to narrow margins prior to reconstruction. Patients were follow-up for at least one year, and three remained disease-free. One patient with pre-existing extra-orbital disease developed metastatic disease four months post-op. All patients preserved vision peri-operatively, with no complaints of diplopia. Moderate ocular surface disease was noted in two patients.

Conclusion
Our series highlights the potential advantage of three-dimensional optics, multi-directional instrumentation and motion scaling technology to achieve globe-sparing tumour resection in advanced periocular tumours. However, further robotic instrumentation development is required for orbital surgery.
Identifying CTH and MAP1LC3B as ferroptosis biomarkers for prognostic indication in gastric cancer decoding
Authors: Qu Haishun , Liang Yunxiao , Guo Quan , Lu Ling , Yang Yanwei , Xu Weicheng , Zhang Yitian , Qin Yijue 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC), known for its high incidence and poor prognosis, urgently necessitates the identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers to enhance patient outcomes. We scrutinized data from 375 GC patients alongside 32 non-cancer controls, sourced from the TCGA database. A univariate Cox Proportional Hazards Model (COX) regression was employed to evaluate expressions of ferroptosis-related genes. This was followed by the application of Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and multivariate COX regression for the development of prognostic models. The composition of immune cell subtypes was quantified utilizing CIBERSORT, with their distribution in GC versus control samples being comparatively analyzed. Furthermore, the correlation between the expressions of Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase (CTH) and Microtubule Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 Beta (MAP1LC3B) and the abundance of immune cell subtypes was explored. Our bioinformatics findings underwent validation through immunohistochemical analysis. Our prognostic models integrated CTH and MAP1LC3B. Survival analysis indicated that patients categorized as high-risk, as defined by the model, exhibited significantly lower survival rates compared to their low-risk counterparts. Notably, CTH expression inversely correlated with monocyte levels, while MAP1LC3B expression showed an inverse relationship with the abundance of M2 macrophages. Immunohistochemical validation corroborated lower expressions of CTH and MAP1LC3B in GC tissues relative to control samples, in concordance with our bioinformatics predictions. Our study suggests that the dysregulation of CTH, MAP1LC3B, and the accompanying monocyte-macrophage dynamics could be pivotal in the prognosis of GC. These elements present potential targets for prognostic assessment and therapeutic intervention.
Weight biases, body image and obesity risk knowledge in the groups of nursing students from Poland and Nigeria
Authors: Styk Wojciech , Samardakiewicz Marzena , Zmorzynski Szymon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEach population may have its own specific characteristics and cultural differences, which can affect perceptions of one's body, obesity, and the development of weight-related biases. The goal of our study is to (I) examine weight biases among incoming nursing students from two distinct cultures; (II) determine whether the cultural differences may be reflected in the levels of fat phobia, attitudes, and behaviors related to overweight and obesity; (III) adapt the Fat Phobia Scale and translate it into Polish. The study includes 119 Nigerian students and 120 Polish students. The following tools are used—ORK-10, ATOP, BAOP, BES and FPh. The results indicates that Nigerian students have significantly (p < 0.01) less knowledge about the risks associated with overweight and obesity. In contrast, they have a significantly (p < 0.01) more positive body image than the Polish students. Among Nigerian students, men have more positive body image in comparison to women (p = 0.01). An inverse relationship is observed in the group of Polish students, among whom women had a more positive body image than men did (p = 0.01). There are no statistically significant differences in fatphobic attitudes among the studied groups. It has been observed, that culture may be related to weight biases.
Customizing the human-avatar mapping based on EEG error related potentials
Authors: Iwane Fumiaki , Porssut Thibault , Blanke Olaf , Chavarriaga Ricardo , del R Millán José , Herbelin Bruno , Boulic Ronan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective. A key challenge of virtual reality (VR) applications is to maintain a reliable human-avatar mapping. Users may lose the sense of controlling (sense of agency), owning (sense of body ownership), or being located (sense of self-location) inside the virtual body when they perceive erroneous interaction, i.e. a break-in-embodiment (BiE). However, the way to detect such an inadequate event is currently limited to questionnaires or spontaneous reports from users. The ability to implicitly detect BiE in real-time enables us to adjust human-avatar mapping without interruption. Approach. We propose and empirically demonstrate a novel brain computer interface (BCI) approach that monitors the occurrence of BiE based on the users’ brain oscillatory activity in real-time to adjust the human-avatar mapping in VR. We collected EEG activity of 37 participants while they performed reaching movements with their avatar with different magnitude of distortion. Main results. Our BCI approach seamlessly predicts occurrence of BiE in varying magnitude of erroneous interaction. The mapping has been customized by BCI-reinforcement learning (RL) closed-loop system to prevent BiE from occurring. Furthermore, a non-personalized BCI decoder generalizes to new users, enabling ‘Plug-and-Play’ ErrP-based non-invasive BCI. The proposed VR system allows customization of human-avatar mapping without personalized BCI decoders or spontaneous reports. Significance. We anticipate that our newly developed VR-BCI can be useful to maintain an engaging avatar-based interaction and a compelling immersive experience while detecting when users notice a problem and seamlessly correcting it.
EPR dosimetry of biohydroxyapatite below liquid nitrogen temperature
Authors: John D , Buryi M , Paurová K , Petrová M , Světlík I , Pachnerová Brabcová K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Hydroxyapatite, major component of all organic solid tissues, can be used as a sensitive biodosimeter based on the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. However, the dosimetric signal of biohydroxyapatite overlaps with the so-called parasitic signals due to the close g factor values and broadening of the resonance line at room temperature. Moreover, the unsaturated parasitic signals possess the intensity comparable to the dosimetric resonance. All of these significantly complicates the dose determination and limits applicability mainly to the cases of relatively large accumulated dose. The negligibly saturated dosimteric spectrum can be at least partially separated at the liquid nitrogen temperatures (LNT) due to the strong saturation and suppression of the parasitic resonance lines and the linewidth shortening as shown in the present work. Moreover, the advances in the modern EPR equipment in the last two decades resulted in high sensitivity and stability of the signals measured. These are the key parameters along with the computer simulations for the precise dosimetric spectrum separation and processing. This could lead to the higher accuracy of the LNT EPR method proposed in the present work. To test the approach, the stepwise dose calibration of biohydroxyapatite over the range 0.5 - 20 Gy was made. The corresponding dosimetric signal measured at 70 K exhibited the linear dose response. The results suggest the applicability of the LNT EPR method in the retrospective dosimetry.
The sound absorption of air permeable structures produced by 3D printing using PLA material
Authors: Ďuriš R , Labašová E 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of the contribution is comparison of noise absorption properties of two designs of acoustic dampening air permeable structures. A circular test samples with a diameter of 89 mm and three different thicknesses of samples were produced using of 3D printing process. In addition to the thickness, the internal structure of the samples was also changed. The prepared samples were tested using an impedance tube. The acoustic properties of the test samples were investigated in accordance with the standards ASTM E1050-19, E2611-17 and ISO 10534-2. A two-microphone method based on the calculation of transfer function method was used to determine the absorption coefficient of the designed structures. The Brüel&Kjær PULSE system was used to estimate the frequency dependence of sound absorption coefficient of test samples. In the paper are presented the experimentally obtained values of the sound absorption coefficient for different structure design and thicknesses of samples produced by 3D printing technology. The measurements were evaluated in the range of working frequencies of the impedance tube.
Heat source models for numerical simulation of laser welding processes – a short review
Authors: Behúlová M , Babalová E 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent decades, numerical modeling and computer simulation have become an integral part of the design, analysis and optimization of fusion welding processes, including laser welding. In general, laser welding processes involve the interaction of multiple physical phenomena, such as thermal, fluid, metallurgical, chemical, mechanical, and diffusion effects, which makes the development of a simulation model difficult and complex. In addition to the geometric characteristics of the parts to be welded, their material properties must be specified in a wide temperature range, as well as the conditions for heat removal to the environment or shielding gas. One of the most complex tasks in the preparation of a simulation model of the laser welding processes consists in the selection of an appropriate heat source model to accurately determine the heat input to the weld. Very important is also the process of experimental verification and validation of the developed simulation models. In this paper, a short examination of significant mathematical heat source models for numerical simulation of laser welding is provided. Numerical analysis of laser welding of sheets made of S650MC steel is accomplished using conical 3D heat source model with the support of the ANSYS code. The effect of geometrical characteristics of the conical volumetric heat source model on the computed width, length, and depth of the weld pool is discussed, along with evaluation of maximum weld pool temperature.
Assessment of cutting tool wear using a numerical FEM simulation model
Authors: Necpal M , Vozár M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The advancement of computational modeling techniques, such as FEM, has allowed to simulate complex machining processes with improved accuracy. Wear prediction is a crucial aspect in understanding and optimizing machining processes, as it directly impacts tool life, surface quality and overall machining efficiency. This work focuses on the FEM simulation, specially utilizing the DEFORM software, in conjunction with the Usui wear model, for wear prediction in machining operations. The Usui wear model, a well-established and widely used wear prediction approach, accounts for multiple wear mechanisms that include adhesion, abrasion, and diffusion. By incorporating the Usui wear model into the FEM simulation framework within the DEFORM software, it is possible to understand wear phenomena in machining processes. The integration of Usui wear model algorithms into DEFORM enables the simulation to accurately predict wear rates, distribution patterns, and progression of tool deterioration. This predictive capability facilitates the identification of critical wear zones and guides proactive measures to improve tool life, reduce production costs, and optimize machining productivity. This work presents research focused on wear prediction in cutting processes, utilizing FEM simulation with DEFORM software and incorporating the Usui wear model. Through a comprehensive analysis of wear phenomena, this research aims to optimize cutting parameters, improve tool life, and contribute to the advancement of machining and manufacturing technologies.
The Identity of Governments in International Law
Authors: Pavlopoulos Niko 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The book gives an account of the international legal framework concerning the identity of the governments of states. It examines the concept of the government of a state in international law, including the objective international legal existence of a state’s government; the function of the government in representing the state; and other aspects of the relationship between a state and its government. With the benefit of these conceptual insights, it covers the law on the recognition of governments and the criteria for governmental status under customary international law. It examines also matters concerning the identity of governments and the representation of states in the context of international organizations.