bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of differentially expressed genes in hepatocellular carcinoma using cDNA arrays
Authors: Goldenberg Daniel , Ayesh Suhail , Schneider Tamar , Pappo Orit , Jurim Oded , Eid Ahmed , Fellig Yakov , Dadon Tikva , Ariel Ilana , de Groot Nathan , Hochberg Abraham , Galun Eithan 
Published: October 2004

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by multiple somatic mutations, including DNA rearrangements, that affect many cell‐growth regulatory pathways. Many genes differentially expressed in HCC have been reported previously, but the patterns of expression varied significantly between patients who bore different risk factors for HCC. To identify genes whose differential expression could serve as a “signature” for diagnosis and prognosis of HCC, we performed analyses of differentially expressed genes in three cases of HCC with different risk factors using the Atlas Human Cancer cDNA Expression Arrays. Among all 597 genes present on the array, only three were found to be coordinately differentially expressed in all three HCC cases, in agreement with published data. These three genes, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, osteonectin/secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, and matrix metalloproteinase 14, could serve as candidates for the HCC “signature.” Ten genes were found to be coordinately differentially expressed in only two of three tested HCC cases. On the other hand, many genes that had been reported previously as differentially expressed in HCC failed to show the described pattern of expression in this group. The results of this study confirm the great variability in gene‐expression patterns in HCC and establish the utility of the array technology for identifying both the HCC signature genes and individual gene‐expression patterns for purposes of patient‐oriented therapy. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of glutathione conjugate efflux in cellular protection against benzo[a]pyrene‐7,8‐diol‐9,10‐epoxide–induced DNA damage
Authors: Srivastava Sanjay K. , Watkins Simon C. , Schuetz Erin , Singh Shivendra V. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractGlutathione (GSH) conjugation of (+)‐anti‐benzo[a]pyrene‐7,8‐diol‐9,10‐epoxide [(+)‐anti‐BPDE], the activated metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene, is believed to be an important mechanism in detoxification of this environmental and dietary carcinogen. Here, we demonstrate that the intracellular accumulation of GSH conjugate of (+)‐anti‐BPDE (BPD‐SG) caused a statistically significant increase in (+)‐anti‐BPDE–induced DNA adduction. The relationship between intracellular accumulation of BPD‐SG and (+)‐anti‐BPDE–induced DNA adduction was studied using a canine kidney epithelial cell line (MDCKII) and its variants overexpressing multidrug resistance transporter (MDR1) or canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT; also known as multidrug resistance protein 2). MDR1 and cMOAT are implicated in ATP‐dependent efflux of anticancer drugs or GSH‐xenobiotic conjugates, or both. The GST activity toward (+)‐anti‐BPDE in parental MDCKII cells did not differ from that in subline overexpressing MDR1 (MDCKII‐MDR1) or cMOAT (MDCKII‐cMOAT). Intracellular accumulation of BPD‐SG, after a 5‐ or 10‐min incubation with 1 μM (+)‐anti‐BPDE, was significantly higher in parental (41‐ to 67‐fold) and MDCK II‐MDR1 cells (31‐ to 43‐fold) than in the MDCKII‐cMOAT cells. Interestingly, the levels of DNA adducts of (+)‐anti‐BPDE, after a 30‐min incubation with 0.1 or 0.5 μM [3H](+)‐anti‐BPDE, were significantly higher (about 2.1‐ and 1.7‐fold, respectively) in parental cells than in the MDCKII‐cMOAT cells. The results of the present study indicate that in addition to GSH conjugation, the efflux of BPD‐SG may be essential for cellular protection against (+)‐anti‐BPDE–induced DNA damage. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interaction of levodopa and cues on voluntary reaching in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Kelly Valerie E. , Hyngstrom Allie S. , Rundle Melissa M. , Bastian Amy J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe bradykinesia associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) can be improved by both levodopa and the use of external cues. We examined the combined effect of levodopa and external cueing on the voluntary reaching movements of individuals with PD. Nine subjects with PD and nine matched controls were studied reaching to a ball target. Subjects with PD were studied after being off levodopa overnight and again on their morning dose. Kinematic data were collected as all subjects made both accurate and fast reaches under two different cue conditions: noncued (self‐initiated) and cued (triggered by a light). Subjects with PD reached more slowly than controls under all conditions. PD subjects increased their reach velocity and decreased movement time after taking levodopa and also when moving to a cue. However, the effects of levodopa and cueing were not additive. Instead, levodopa improved reach velocity to a greater extent in the noncued vs. cued condition. We also found that levodopa improved accurate (self‐paced) reaches more than fast reaches. These data suggest that levodopa may preferentially improve voluntary reaches that are more internally generated. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society.
Compact dual‐band antenna for mobile handsets
Authors: Martínez‐Vázquez Marta , Geissler Matthias , Heberling Dirk , Martínez‐González Antonio , Sánchez‐Hernández David 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA compact antenna suitable for personal communication handsets is presented. The antenna consists of a rectangular patch with a shorting pin. A spur‐line filter was added to obtain a dual‐band operation. Details of the antenna design are discussed, along with simulated and measured results. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 87–88, 2002
Analysis of a nonconfocal suspended strip in an elliptical cylinder by conformal mapping
Authors: Yang Hyunkieu , Lee Sangseol 
Published: October 2004

AbstractCharacteristics of a nonconfocal suspended strip in an elliptical cylinder are analyzed. The formulas for characteristic impedances are obtained by using conformal mapping. The results calculated by the formulas are presented for a comparison with other authors' works. The dimensions for a specific characteristic impedance and the charge distribution on the strip conductor of these structures can be determined. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 115–119, 2002.
On the transmission matrix of 2n‐port reciprocal networks
Authors: Faria J. A. Brandão 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe transmission matrix, or ABCD matrix, is a very useful tool for studying the chain connection of 2n‐port networks. Such a matrix is known to play a crucial role in the determination of the wave propagation parameters of cascaded transmission‐line structures and cascaded optical structures. The general properties of the ABCD matrix are established in this article. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 151–154, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10261
Numerical investigation of dispersion‐managed system with concatenated chirped fiber Bragg grating
Authors: Zhu Lin , Wang Guozhong , Xia Li , Xie Shizhong 
Published: October 2004

AbstractConcatenated chirped fiber Bragg grating (CBG) has been used to compensate for the dispersion in an optical‐fiber communication system. Dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) is replaced with CBG in normalized sections of a 10‐Gbit/s dispersion‐managed system over 800 km. The performance of this system was improved by adding an optical filter behind the CBG in each normalized section. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 163–165, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10264
A broadband folded planar monopole antenna for mobile phones
Authors: Lee Gwo‐Yun , Yeh Shih‐Huang , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis article presents a broadband folded planar monopole antenna suitable for DCS (1710–1880 MHz), PCS (1850–1990 MHz), UMTS (1920–2170 MHz), and WLAN (2400–2484 MHz) operations for mobile phones. In addition to the broadband operation, the proposed folded monopole has compact dimensions of 10 mm height, 5 mm width, and 17.5 mm length. Experimental results of the constructed prototype are presented and discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 165–167, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10265
Green's functions for vertical current sources embedded in uniform waveguides or cavities filled with multilayered media
Authors: Słobodzian Piotr M. , Alvarez‐Melcón A. , Grzegorczyk Tomasz M. , Gardiol Fred E. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA modal series representation of spatial‐domain electric field Green's functions for arbitrarily oriented electric current sources embedded in shielded multilayer media is presented. The Green's functions associated with planar excitations are briefly recalled, and the method to compute them is generalized to vertical current sources, yielding new components of the Green's function necessary for the analysis of vertical metallizations embedded in waveguides or cavities. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 186–191, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10272
Theoretical investigations into binomial distributions of photonic bandgaps in microstripline structures
Authors: Karmakar Nemai C. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractConventional circular patterned microstrip PBGs have constraints in broad stop‐band response due to high ripple heights in S parameters. In this Letter, a novel configuration with the nonuniform dimensions of circular‐patterned PBGs to improve the rejection bandwidth and the ripples is proposed. The dimensions of the circles are varied proportionally to the amplitude coefficients of the binomial distribution. The S‐parameter versus frequency plot of a 10‐element binomially distributed circular‐patterned PBG array has been presented. The result reveals that the binomial distribution improves the performance by suppressing ripples and generating distinct stop‐band and low‐pass responses and sharp cutoffs. A tandem of two such PBG lines yields even wider and distinct stop‐band and low‐pass responses. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 191–196, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10273
An efficient solution of a dense system of linear equations arising in the method‐of‐moments formulation
Authors: Prakash V. V. S. , Kwon Soon Jae , Mittra Raj 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis Letter presents a simple and efficient approach for preconditioning a large dense system of linear equations arising in the method‐of‐moments (MoM) solution of electromagnetic (EM) problems. A two‐step process is presented in which the condition number of the matrix is first improved by equilibration, and then further enhanced by preconditioning. The convergence properties of two frequently used iterative solvers, namely, the conjugate‐gradient normal (CGNR) and the generalized minimal residual (GMRES) methods, have been studied with the use of the proposed technique, and the efficacy of the method has been compared with that of the direct LU factorization. The Letter demonstrates that the proposed technique helps improve the computational efficiency of the iterative solvers considerably, not only for MoM matrices associated with electrically large geometries, but also for poorly conditioned matrices with a relatively small rank. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 196–200, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10274
Synthesis of array antennas onboard complex platforms considering coupling effects by means of a hybrid MM‐PO technique
Authors: Obelleiro F. , Taboada J. M. , Landesa L. , Castro I. T. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe synthesis of array antennas mounted over aircraft, ships, or any other complex platform is performed here. Both electromagnetic coupling with the platform and mutual coupling between the array elements are considered by using a hybrid method‐of‐moments physical‐optics formulation. The proposed method consists of an iterative procedure that leads to the array excitation coefficients that optimize the array antenna over the platform. The computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm allows enhancing its scope of application to real problems without being constrained about the electrical size of the problem. Some results are presented to demonstrate the complexity of the problems and the high‐performance radiation patterns that can be achieved. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 207–212, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10572
An inverted‐L monopole antenna loaded with a meandered wire for GSM/DCS dual‐band mobile phones
Authors: Tung Hao‐Chun , Fang Chi‐Yin , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA novel dual‐band monopole antenna, created by loading a meandered wire to an inverted‐L wire monopole, is proposed. The antenna is suitable for applications in GSM/DCS dual‐band mobile phones. Both the inverted‐L wire and the meandered wire operate as quarter‐wavelength structures, and generate a resonant mode at about 1800 and 900 MHz, respectively. The obtained impedance bandwidths cover the required bandwidths of the GSM band (890–960 MHz) and the DCS band (1710–1880 MHz). In addition, the proposed antenna has a low profile of only 14 mm (about 4.2% of the wavelength at 900 MHz). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 212–214, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10278
Brewster‐angle effect on performances of a new millimeter‐wave omni‐directional antenna consisting of circular rod corrugations gloved in a dielectric shell
Authors: Jing Hengzhen , Xu Shanjia 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe radiation characteristics of a new millimeter‐wave omnidirectional antenna consisting of circular‐rod corrugations gloved in a dielectric shell operating in the TM01mode are calculated with the use of the mode‐matching method for different parameters, with a particular attention directed to the Brewster‐angle effect on the performances of the antenna. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 221–223, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10281
Closed‐form expressions for the line‐coupling parameters of coupled on‐chip interconnects on lossy silicon substrate
Authors: Chiu Cheng‐Nan 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn this paper, novel and accurate closed‐form expressions are proposed which represent the per‐unit‐length line‐coupling parameters (mutual impedance and mutual admittance) of coupled on‐chip microstrip interconnects on lossy silicon substrate. The frequency‐dependent mutual admittance is accurately expressed in the fully closed form, based on a conformal mapping approach, while the frequency‐dependent mutual impedance is described by a very simple formula associated with a complex image method. The closed‐form expressions are shown to be in good agreement with the full‐wave solutions, and thus can be implanted into the multiconductor transmission‐line (MTL) equations for modeling silicon‐based integrated circuits. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 495–498, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20513
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during maintenance treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Poulsen Anja , Demeny Ann Kathrin , Plum Charlotte Bang , Nielsen Kim Gjerum , Schmiegelow Kjeld 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundPneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a wellknown risk among patients with deficient T‐cell function such as children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk for PCP during maintenance treament (MT) to identify patients at risk who could benefit from prophylaxis.ProcedureWe registered all episodes of PCP during MT in 71 children diagnosed between January 1992 and June 1997 with non‐B‐cell ALL at The Copenhagen University Hospital. Sulphametoxazole and trimetroprim (SMX/TMP) prophylaxis against PCP was given during induction and consolidation therapy but stopped prior to MT with oral methotrexate/6‐mercaptopurine. Patients with standard (SR), intermediate (IR), and high risk (HR) ALL started MT at 3, 8, and 15 months from diagnosis, respectively.ResultsThe HR group had a cumulated risk of 70% for developing PCP, whereas the risk for PCP in children with IR and the SR was 11 and 8%, respectively (P < 0.0001). All but one of these 13 cases of PCP occurred within 8 months after cessation of SMX‐TMP prophylaxis.ConclusionsThe higher incidence of PCP among HR compared to non‐HR patients following cessation of SMX/TMP prophylaxis probably reflects the significantly longer T‐cell suppressive consolidation therapy in this group. The very low incidence of PCP during the later part of MT emphasizes that methotrexate/6‐mercaptopurine MT have more impact on B‐cell than on T‐cell function. TMP/SMX prophylaxis should be recommended for all children treated for ALL. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 37:20–23, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conformation of drawn poly(trimethylene terephthalate) studied by solid‐state 13C NMR
Authors: Kameda Tsunenori , Miyazawa Mitsuhiro , Murase Shigemitsu 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe change in the conformation of the flexible OCH2CH2CH2O segment of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) monofilament caused by drawing was investigated by means of the γ‐gauche effect on the 13C solid‐state NMR chemical shift of the internal methylene carbon, combined with the NMR relaxations. The conformation around the OCH2 and CH2O bonds for as‐spun fiber was trans/trans. On drawing, followed by heat treatment, the conformation changed to gauche/gauche. The ratio of gauche/gauche to trans/trans for the drawn PTT fiber was determined quantitatively. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical evaluation of excitability measures in sensory nerve
Authors: Kiernan Matthew C. , Lin Cindy S.Y. , Andersen Kjeld V. , Murray Nicholas M.F. , Bostock Hugh 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA recently described method for recording multiple excitability parameters of human motor nerves has been adapted to the study of sensory nerves. The protocol measures stimulus–response behavior using two stimulus durations (from which the distribution of strength–duration time constants is estimated), threshold electrotonus to 100 ms polarizing currents, a current–threshold relationship (indicating inward and outward rectification), and the recovery of excitability following supramaximal activation. The method was tested on 50 healthy volunteers, stimulating the median nerve at the wrist and recording the antidromic compound sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) from digit 2. The excitability measurements were similar, where comparisons were possible, with published sensory nerve data, and confirmed differences from motor nerves, particularly in strength–duration behavior and recovery cycle, likely to reflect functional differences between sensory and motor nerves. Although slower than for motor nerves, the sensory nerve recordings were sufficiently quick (16 to 18 min) to allow them to be included in routine clinical studies. We propose that this method, which provides quite different and complementary information about nerve function to conventional conduction studies, provides a useful new approach for exploring the pathophysiology of sensory neuropathies. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 883–892, 2001
A normative study on human facial F waves
Authors: Wedekind Christoph , Stauten Werner , Klug Norfrid 
Published: October 2004

AbstractF waves from the nasalis muscle were obtained bilaterally after transcutaneous constant‐current stimulation of the facial nerve in 37 of 42 (88%) healthy volunteers examined. F waves were of varying shape and latency. Standard parameters (latencies, amplitudes, ratios, chronodispersion) of F‐wave analysis were assessed. Of these, minimum and mean F‐wave latencies, the F ratio, and F‐wave and peripheral conduction times (PCT) were approximately normally distributed, with a low standard deviation. Latencies and conduction times exhibited a significantly positive correlation with body height, as has been demonstrated for the F‐wave latencies in limb muscles. Side and sex differences were present but without statistical significance. Chronodispersion and chronodispersion range, F‐wave amplitudes, and F‐wave frequencies were broadly scattered. It is concluded that F‐wave latencies and conduction times are best suited to define a range of reference values. Moreover, facial F waves bear characteristics similar to those described for F waves recorded from limb muscles. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 900–904, 2001
Standardization of anal sphincter electromyography: Utility of motor unit potential parameters
Authors: Podnar Simon , Vodušek David B. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAdvanced electromyography systems offer quantitative analysis of a number of motor unit potential (MUP) parameters. However, only limited data are available on the diagnostic usefulness of these parameters. In the present study, we compared the sensitivities of MUP parameters in revealing “neuropathic” changes in the external anal sphincter (EAS) muscles in 56 patients examined 5–240 months after damage to the cauda equina or conus medullaris. Using multi‐MUP analysis, 20 MUPs were obtained from patients' EAS muscles. Their MUP parameters were compared with normative data from 64 controls. The diagnostic sensitivities of mean values/“outliers” of MUP parameters for detecting neuropathic EAS muscles were calculated (area 25%/30%; number of turns 18%/29%; size index 13%/24%; thickness 18%/18%; amplitude 17%/17%; spike duration 20%/9%; duration 15%/12%; number of phases 15%/11%; and their combination 51%/52%). Altogether, the cumulative sensitivity of multi‐MUP analysis using both mean values and “outliers” was 62%. The combination of MUP parameters improves the diagnostic yield of MUP analysis, but the influence on specificity remains unknown. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 946–951, 2001
Focal myopathy mimicking posterior interosseous nerve syndrome
Authors: Erdem Sevim , Demirci Mehmet , Tan Ersin 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA 25‐year‐old man developed weakness of extension of the right index, middle, and fourth fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints, over 2 years. No sensory deficit was present. Nerve conduction studies, including the right radial nerve, were within normal limits. Needle electromyographic (EMG) examination showed myopathic changes that were limited to the right extensor digitorum communis and extensor indicis proprius muscles. An intravenous edrophonium chloride test had no effect on weakness and repetitive stimulation showed no significant decremental response. An EMG‐guided open biopsy of the extensor digitorum communis muscle revealed severe myopathic changes. Evaluation for the cause of myopathic involvement was negative. After 13 months, clinical examination and electrophysiological studies showed no significant progression. This case exemplifies the fact that a focal myopathy may mimic an entrapment neuropathy. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 969–972, 2001