bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Living Beyond the Edge: Impacts of Climate Change on Rock Lizards at the Niche Margin
Authors: Bombi Pierluigi , Calò Fabrizio , Salvi Daniele 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEctotherms are particularly threatened by climate change because they are strictly reliant on environmental conditions for homeostasis. Increasing environmental temperatures may approach the species' critical thermal maximum, with deleterious effects on individual thermoregulation capacities. This study tests the hypothesis developed in a recent work that under ongoing global warming populations living in sites at the warm edge of the species' thermal niche will suffer a disruption of the thermoregulation process, with detrimental effects at the individual and population level. We collected individual measurements and temperature data for Mediterranean endemic rock lizards, across the entire distribution range of the species and during two different sampling periods ~20 years apart to compare thermoregulation coefficient (C), body condition index (BCI) and population size under different climatic conditions. We found that C and BCI vary across space and time following a linear pattern along the thermal niche gradient (Niche Margin Effect, NME) until a threshold temperature, beyond which the NME is disrupted. This threshold temperature indicates the warm edge of the species' thermal niche. A slightly higher temperature marks the threshold at which we observed significant population declines over the 20‐year study period in the warmest sites. This suggests a lagged response of population trends to climate warming. This study suggests a mechanism of disruption of homeostatic processes when the warm margin of the thermal niche is reached and indicates that individual parameters such as thermoregulation coefficient and body condition, rather than demographic trends, are key indicators for an early detection of population extinction risk. The multipopulation approach implemented in our study allows to identify the niche edge that underlies species' vulnerability to global warming, and to identify populations suffering negative effects of climate change before demographic collapse. This might allow to plan appropriate mitigation measures and management strategies to avoid local extinctions.
Categorising reported errors and incidents from morbidity and mortality meetings (M&Ms) in a small animal multi‐specialty veterinary teaching hospital
Authors: Giles G , Boland LA , Kirkwood N , Ward MP , Quain A 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundErrors in veterinary clinical settings can lead to patient harm. Morbidity and mortality meetings (M&Ms) are forums to discuss errors and incidents that can lead or have led to adverse outcomes, potential harm or unsafe conditions, with the purpose of improving patient safety in future. Despite growing implementation of M&Ms in veterinary medicine, their effectiveness in improving future patient safety may be constrained by the need for absolute confidentiality during meetings.ObjectiveTo pilot the use of a simple framework to categorise errors and incidents triggering M&Ms in a multi‐specialty Australian veterinary teaching hospital.MethodologyA retrospective analysis of deidentified M&M summaries over 5 years (2018–2023) from a small animal multi‐specialty veterinary teaching hospital. Animal demographic and incident information were extracted, classified by incident type and severity of harm adapted from Wallis and colleagues (2019). Descriptive statistics were produced for error category, severity, incident type and quarter of the year they occurred in. Recommendations were analysed using codebook thematic analysis.ResultsThere were 68 cases in total. The most common overall errors were oversight (n = 26/25.0%), drug (n = 20/19.2%), iatrogenic (n = 17, 16.3%) and staff (n = 17, 16.3%). Most cases resulted in temporary harm (n = 36, 52.9%), though 20.6% (n = 14) resulted in death, euthanasia or permanent harm. The most frequent recommendations were ‘improving communications and record keeping’, improving staff training’ and ‘ensuring appropriate equipment is available’.ConclusionCategorisation of errors using this simple framework can facilitate sharing of information which can be used to refine practices and improve animal safety, without compromising confidentiality of M&M meetings.
Keep bright in the dark: Multimodal emotional effects on donation‐based crowdfunding performance and their empathic mechanisms
Authors: Guo Rui , Wang Guolong , Wu Ding , Wu Zhen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHow to raise donations effectively, especially in the E‐era, has puzzled fundraisers and scientists across various disciplines. Our research focuses on donation‐based crowdfunding projects and investigates how the emotional valence expressed verbally (in textual descriptions) and visually (in facial images) in project descriptions affects project performance. Study 1 uses field data (N = 3817), grabs project information and descriptions from a top donation‐based crowdfunding platform, computes visual and verbal emotional valence using a deep‐learning‐based affective computing method and analyses how multimodal emotional valence influences donation outcomes. Study 2 conducts experiments in GPT‐4 (Study 2a, N = 400) and humans (Study 2b, N = 240), manipulates the project's visual and verbal emotional valence through AI‐generated stimuli and then assesses donation decisions (both GPT‐4 and humans) and corresponding state empathy (humans). The results indicate a multimodal positivity superiority effect: both visual and verbal emotional valence promote initial whether‐to‐donate decisions, whereas only verbal emotional valence further promotes the how‐much‐to‐donate decisions. Notably, such multimodal emotional effects can be explained through different mediating paths of empathic concern and empathic hopefulness. The current study theoretically facilitates our understanding of the emotional motivations underlying human prosociality and provides insights into crafting impactful advertisements for online donations.
Product differentiation, demand expansion and the welfare effects of cross‐ownership
Authors: Banerjee Swapnendu , Mukherjee Arijit , Poddar Sougata 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe show the effects of cross‐ownership on product differentiation, consumer surplus and welfare under Cournot and Bertrand competition. Under Cournot competition, cross‐ownership increases (decreases) product differentiation if demand expansion following product differentiation is large (small). Under Bertrand competition, cross‐ownership may increase or decrease product differentiation regardless of the demand expansion effect of product differentiation. Cross‐ownership may increase consumer surplus and welfare under both Cournot and Bertrand competition. Demand expansion following product differentiation and the type of product market competition play important roles for the effects of cross‐ownership in an industry with endogenous product differentiation. We also show that Cournot competition may create higher consumer surplus and welfare compared with Bertrand competition.
Diagnostic Utility of Relative Apical Sparing Index in Cardiac Amyloidosis Subtypes: A Comparative Study of Immunoglobulin Light Chain and Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Saijo Yoshihito , Yamada Hirotsugu , Yamaguchi Natsumi , Nishio Susumu , Zheng Robert , Takahashi Tomonori , Hara Tomoya , Kadota Muneyuki , Kawabata Yutaka , Ueno Rie , Matsuura Tomomi , Ise Takayuki , Yamaguchi Koji , Yagi Shusuke , Soeki Takeshi , Wakatsuki Tetsuzo , Sata Masataka 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpeckles tracking echocardiography imaging enables clinicians to detect subtle systolic dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the differences in speckle tracking echocardiographic findings between immunoglobulin light chain amyloid cardiomyopathy (AL‐CM) and transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (TTR‐CM).MethodsThe patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis through cardiac biopsy from March 2013 to October 2022 were included. The relative apical sparing index (RASI) was calculated using speckle tracking echocardiography by the following equation; average apical strain/(average basal strain + mid strain).ResultsThe final study population consisted of 35 patients with cardiac amyloidosis (AL‐CM: 10 patients, TTR‐CM: 25 patients). The mean age was 74 ± 12 years. Although both subgroups had a gradual change of strain values from basal to apical segments, RASI was significantly lower in AL‐CM compared to TTR‐CM (0.92 ± 0.29 vs. 1.46 ± 0.53, p = 0.001). A RASI cutoff value of <1.0 proved useful in differentiating the diagnosis of AL‐CM from TTR‐CM (sensitivity: 81%, specificity: 70%, AUC: 0.82). A significant positive correlation with left ventricular mass index and RASI was found in AL‐CM, but not in TTR‐CM.ConclusionThe apical sparing phenomenon was more remarkable in TTR‐CM compared with AL‐CM. RASI might be useful for the discrimination of cardiac amyloidosis subtypes. There was a difference in the relationship of RASI with left ventricular wall thickness between the cardiac amyloidosis subtypes.
Powdery Mildews on North American Oaks: High Levels of Diversity and Pathogen‐Host Coevolution
Authors: Bradshaw Michael , Quijada Luis , Braun Uwe , Smith Matthew E. , Pfister Donald H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTErysiphe species infecting oaks in North America are common and widespread, but compared to Asia and Europe, the taxonomy and phylogeny of North American species is unknown. The present study addresses this dispairity. Comprehensive multilocus phylogenetic analyses, including CAM, GAPDH, GS, ITS, RPB2 and TUB, revealed a high degree of co‐evolution between North American oaks and the Erysiphe spp. that infect them. A concatenated multilocus tree and individual trees based on single loci revealed many highly supported species clades. The clades are formally named to conform with the current taxonomic classification. Available names, such as E. abbreviata, E. calocladophora and E. extensa, are associated with corresponding clades, and are newly circumscribed supported by ex‐type sequences or, if not available, by the designation of epitypes with ex‐epitype sequences. Erysiphe densissima is reintroduced for a clade that corresponds to the old name ‘E. extensa var. curta’. Eight new species are described, including Erysiphe carolinensis, E. gambelii, E. occidentalis, E. phellos, E. pseudoextensa, E. quercophila, E. quercus‐laurifoliae and E. schweinitziana. A new diagnostically and taxonomically relevant trait associated with the anamorphs of North American Erysiphe species on oaks has been assssed. This is a special conidiophore‐like lateral outgrowth of the superficial hyphae, comparable to ‘aerial hyphae,’ which are also known for species of the powdery mildew genus Cystotheca which also infect Quercus species.
Users´ perspectives and preferences on using wearables in epilepsy: A critical review
Authors: Hadady Levente , Robinson Torie , Bruno Elisa , Richardson Mark P. , Beniczky Sándor 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSeizure detection devices (SDDs) offer promising technological advancements in epilepsy management, providing real‐time seizure monitoring and alerts for patients and caregivers. This critical review explores user perspectives and experiences with SDDs to better understand factors influencing their adoption and sustained use. An electronic literature search identified 34 relevant studies addressing common themes such as usability, motivation, comfort, accuracy, barriers, and the financial burden of these devices. Usability emerged as the most frequently discussed factor, with patients and caregivers also emphasizing the importance of ease of use, long battery life, and waterproof design. Although validated devices showed high user satisfaction, technical challenges, false negatives, and false positives need much improvement. Motivation to use SDDs was driven by enhanced safety, symptom tracking, and health care professional recommendations. Comfort and wearability were also critical aspects, with users favoring lightweight, breathable, and discreet designs for long‐term wear. Users reported the devices as “comfortable” and preferring wrist or arm‐worn devices for the long term. Accuracy—particularly minimizing false positives and false negatives—was a priority for users. Barriers to adoption included device cost, limited insurance reimbursement, discomfort, and concerns about data privacy. Despite these challenges, many users were willing to use SDDs. Recommendations from health care professionals significantly increased user motivation. This review highlights the need for SDD designs that address user concerns regarding usability, comfort, looks, and accuracy, while also reducing financial and technical barriers. Enhancing clinical involvement and tailoring devices to specific patient needs may be crucial to promoting wider SDD adoption. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of SDDs on quality of life and to explore ways to mitigate challenges in long‐term use.
A novel artificial intelligence‐powered tool for automated root canal segmentation in single‐rooted teeth on cone‐beam computed tomography
Authors: Santos‐Junior Airton Oliveira , Fontenele Rocharles Cavalcante , Neves Frederico Sampaio , Tanomaru‐Filho Mário , Jacobs Reinhilde 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI)‐powered tool based on convolutional neural network (CNN) for automatic segmentation of root canals in single‐rooted teeth using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodologyA total of 69 CBCT scans were retrospectively recruited from a hospital database and acquired from two devices with varying protocols. These scans were randomly assigned to the training (n = 31, 88 teeth), validation (n = 8, 15 teeth) and testing (n = 30, 120 teeth) sets. For the training and validation data sets, each CBCT scan was imported to the Virtual Patient Creator platform, where manual segmentation of root canals was performed by two operators, establishing the ground truth. Subsequently, the AI model was tested on 30 CBCT scans (120 teeth), and the AI‐generated three‐dimensional (3D) virtual models were exported in standard triangle language (STL) format. Importantly, the testing data set encompassed different types of single‐rooted teeth. An experienced operator evaluated the automated segmentation, and manual refinements were made to create refined 3D models (R‐AI). The AI and R‐AI models were compared for performance evaluation. Additionally, 30% of the testing sample was manually segmented at two different times to compare AI‐based and human segmentation methods. The time taken by each segmentation method to obtain 3D models was recorded in seconds(s) for further comparison.ResultsThe AI‐driven tool demonstrated highly accurate segmentation of single‐rooted teeth (Dice similarity coefficient [DSC] ranging from 89% to 93%; 95% Hausdorff distance [HD] ranging from 0.10 to 0.13 mm), with no significant impact of tooth type on accuracy metrics (p > .05). The AI approach outperformed the manual method (p < .05), showing higher DSC and lower 95% HD values. In terms of time efficiency, manual segmentation required significantly more time (2262.4 ± 679.1 s) compared to R‐AI (94 ± 64.7 s) and AI (41.8 ± 12.2 s) methods (p < .05), representing a 54‐fold decrease.ConclusionsThe novel AI‐based tool exhibited highly accurate and time‐efficient performance in the automatic root canal segmentation on CBCT, surpassing the human performance.
PETRICCS Guideline Protocol: A Call to Improve Reporting Standards in Cell Culture Research
Authors: Monteiro Mylene Martins , dos Santos Juliana Amorim , Paiva Barbosa Victor , De Luca Canto Graziela , Squarize Cristiane H. , Coletta Ricardo D. , Guerra Eliete Neves Silva 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCell culture studies play an important role in addressing fundamental scientific questions. However, inadequate reporting of these studies results in a lack of transparency and reproducibility. Recognizing the need for improvement, several ongoing efforts, such as CRIS guidelines and the ICLAC checklist, are focused on enhancing best practices for in vitro studies. Nonetheless, a comprehensive guideline specifically addressing the reporting of cell culture methods remains lacking. In this manner, a consensus‐based approach is being undertaken to develop the Preferred and Transparent Reporting Items for Cell Culture Studies (PETRICCS) guideline. This project aims to present the protocol and the details for its development.MethodsThe process comprises five phases: (i) Initial Steps: a Steering Committee identifies the need for a guideline and drafts the PETRICCS protocol; (ii) Pre‐meeting: an International Group of Cell Culture Experts (IGCE) reviews the draft guideline through a Delphi consensus exercise; (iii) Consensus Meeting: the steering committee presents the guideline's development, addresses concerns, and reaches consensus on the final items; (iv) Post‐meeting: explanatory documents are prepared to assist authors in reporting their findings; and (v) Post‐publication: PETRICCS, along with supporting documents, is published and made freely accessible.Results and ConclusionsPETRICCS will assist researchers in reporting and reviewing cell culture findings, enhancing transparency and reproducibility while filling a gap in this crucial scientific field. The guideline will incorporate the experiences of experts, creating a more equitable environment for authors, peer‐reviewers, and editors during the publication process.
The Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins p16, CDK4, and PTEN Are Unsuitable as Biomarkers in Oral Melanocytic Lesions
Authors: Queiroz Aline , Santana Thalita , Paris Adriana Fraga Costa , Trierveiler Marília 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMelanocytic neoplasms are rare in the oral cavity and represent a diagnostic challenge due to the overlap between benign and malignant lesions. However, their pathogenesis is not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the cell cycle‐related proteins p16, CDK4, and PTEN in oral melanocytic nevi and melanomas.MethodsA total of 42 cases of melanocytic nevi and five cases of melanoma underwent immunohistochemical analysis. Cases were scored as 0, 1 (< 5% of positive cells), 2 (6%–50% of positive cells), and 3 (> 50% of positive cells). Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.ResultsTwo cases of melanocytic nevi were totally negative for p16 and 95.2% of cases scored 1. For CDK4, 47.6% of the cases scored 2 and 52.4% scored 3. For PTEN, 97.6% of the cases scored 3 and only one case showed a score of 2. All melanoma cases were classified with a score of 2 for p16, and for CDK4 and PTEN, all cases exhibited a score of 3. PTEN and CDK4 were higher expressed when compared to p16 both in melanocytic nevi and melanomas (p < 0.001), and melanocytic nevi showed low expression of p16 when compared to melanomas (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe findings suggest that these cell cycle‐related proteins are not useful biomarkers in melanocytic lesions of the oral mucosa and support the apparent biological distinction between oral and cutaneous lesions.
Urine Neutrophil Gelatinase‐Associated Lipocalin in Non‐Associative Immune Mediated Hemolytic Anemia: A Prospective Controlled Study in 22 Dogs
Authors: Lantzaki Vasiliki , Fulton Emily A. , McLaughlin Mark , Bennet Euan D. , Conway Elizabeth A. , Ridyard Alison E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundUrine neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (uNGAL) is a biomarker for the early diagnosis of AKI.ObjectivesTo evaluate uNGAL in dogs with non‐associative immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) and to evaluate whether uNGAL correlates with disease severity markers, negative prognostic indicators and outcome.AnimalsTwenty‐two dogs with non‐associative IMHA and 14 healthy dogs.MethodsProspective case–control study. uNGAL was measured by a commercially available ELISA‐kit and corrected to urine creatinine (uNGAL to creatinine ratio [UNCR]). uNGAL and UNCR of IMHA cases were compared to that of healthy dogs and the correlation with other clinicopathological markers was evaluated. uNGAL and UNCR were also compared between dogs with a CHAOS or ASA score < 3 and ≥ 3.ResultsuNGAL and UNCR were significantly higher in dogs with IMHA when compared to healthy controls (uNGAL median 114.58 and 0.43 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.001; UNCR median 174.87 and 0.13 ng/mg, respectively, p < 0.001). uNGAL and UNCR were moderately positively correlated with urea (p = 0.005, r = 0.58, 0.20–0.81 95% CI and p = 0.001, r = 0.64, 0.29–0.84 95% CI, respectively) and total bilirubin (p = 0.003, r = 0.60, 0.22–0.82 95% CI and p = 0.002, r = 0.62, 0.25–0.83 95% CI, respectively). These were also significantly higher in dogs with hemoglobinuria compared to those without (uNGAL: median 269 and 30.99 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.001; UNCR: median 585.3 and 352 37.47 ng/mg, respectively, p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in uNGAL or UNCR when assessing survival to discharge (p = 0.24 and p = 0.16, respectively, 95% CI).ConclusionsThis study suggests that renal injury might be underappreciated in dogs with IMHA.
Pegcetacoplan for the Treatment of Paediatric C3 Glomerulonephritis: A Case Report
Authors: Guzman German Lozano , Perry Katherine W. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTComplement 3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) is a rare glomerular disease involving dysregulation of the complement system. We describe our experience using pegcetacoplan, an inhibitor of C3 and its activation fragment, C3b, for treatment‐resistant C3GN in a 9‐year‐old boy referred for evaluation of refractory membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Despite treatment with intense immunosuppression (high‐dose steroids, mycophenolate mofetil and calcineurin inhibitor), he continued to have high disease activity with low C3 levels (35 mg/dL), hypertension, symptomatic oedema, anaemia, and nephrotic‐range proteinuria (e.g., urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio [uPCR], 10 g/g; serum creatinine, 0.4 mg/dL). Given the concern for refractory C3GN following a steroid taper and tacrolimus trial with modest response (reduced proteinuria), we initiated pegcetacoplan 540 mg twice weekly for 1 week, followed by 648 mg twice weekly. Laboratory values before pegcetacoplan initiation included uPCR, 1.1 g/g, serum creatinine, 0.87 mg/dL, serum albumin, 4.7 g/dL, and serum C3, 30 mg/dL. Clinically significant improvements in serum C3 (142 mg/dL) and uPCR (422 mg/g) were observed within 1 week of pegcetacoplan initiation; within 3 months (uPCR, 322 mg/g; serum creatinine, 0.69 mg/dL; serum C3, 297 mg/dL), all immunosuppressive and antihypertensive medications were discontinued. No adverse effects of pegcetacoplan were reported. A kidney biopsy after 6 months of pegcetacoplan treatment showed mesangial and focal endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis with isolated C3c deposition by immunofluorescence, consistent with previous C3GN diagnosis. In this paediatric patient, compassionate use of pegcetacoplan was associated with rapid clinical improvement without adverse effects, and clinical effectiveness was confirmed by laboratory and histologic results within 6 months of treatment initiation.