bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cigarette smoke extraction on the expression of found in inflammatory zone 1 in rat lung epithelial L2 cells
Authors: Lin Chunyan , Chen Li , Huang Zhihong , Wu Yi , Liu Shengming 
Published: January 2024

Background
Found in inflammatory zone 1 (FIZZ1) protein increased in pulmonary epithelial cells and in limited amounts of other lung cells. FIZZ1 increased in murine model of smoke induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the direct role of FIZZ1 produced by pulmonary epithelium stimulated with cigarette smoke extraction has not been determined. We examined the expression and function of FIZZ1 in rat lung epithelial L2 cells.

Methods
The rat lung epithelial L2 cells (CCL 149) were exposed to cigarette smoke extraction, expression of FIZZ1 mRNA was investigated by RT-PCR. Levels of FIZZ1 protein were detected by Western blotting and laser confocal microscope. CCL 149 cells were treated with different concentrations and for different time of recombinant protein FIZZ1. After treatment, the expression levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
When CCL 149 cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extraction, FIZZ1 mRNA and protein levels expressed significantly higher than control group. Recombinant protein FIZZ1 promoted the expression of IL-8 in a dose and time dependent manner in a certain range.

Conclusions
Cigarette smoke extraction activates FIZZ1 at mRNA and protein levels in CCL 149 cells. Recombinant protein FIZZ1 induces the expression of IL-8 and may thus participate in the process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease airway inflammation and airflow obstruction. Generally, immune cells such as macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes are unavoidably involved in airway inflammatory and immune responses to cigarette smoke, but it is still unclear whether their involvement in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is based on the specific expression in lung epithelial cells of FIZZ1.
Fundus artery occlusion caused by cosmetic facial injections
Authors: Yanyun Chen , Wenying Wang , Jipeng Li , Yajie Yu , Lin Li , Ning Lu 
Published: January 2024

Background
With the increasing popularity of cosmetic facial filler injections in recent years, more and more associated complications have been reported. However, the causative surgical procedures and preventative measures have not been studied well up to now. The aim of this stady was to investigate the clinical characteristics and visual prognosis of fundus artery occlusion resulting from cosmetic facial filler injections.

Methods
Thirteen consecutive patients with fundus artery occlusion caused by facial filler injections were included. Main outcome measures were filler materials, injection sites, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus fluorescein angiography, and associated ocular and systemic manifestations.

Results
Eleven patients had ophthalmic artery occlusion (OAO) and one patient each had central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION). Injected materials included autologous fat (seven cases), hyaluronic acid (five cases), and bone collagen (one case). Injection sites were the frontal area (five cases), periocular area (two cases), temple area (two cases), and nose area and nasal area (4 cases). Injected autologous fat was associated with worse final BCVA than hyaluronic acid. The BCVA of seven patients with autologous fat injection in frontal area and temple area was no light perception. Most of the patients with OAO had ocular pain, headache, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and no improvement in final BCVA.

Conclusions
Cosmetic facial injections can cause fundus artery occlusion. Autologous fat injection tends to be associated with painful blindness, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and poor visual outcomes. The prognosis is much worse with autologous fat injection than hyaluronic acid injection.
Characteristics of optic disc parameters and its association in normal Chinese population: the Handan Eye Study
Authors: Zhang Qing , Li Sizhen , Liang Yuanbo , Wang Fenghua , Chen Weiwei , Wang Ningli 
Published: January 2024

Background
Assessment of the optic disc and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) is essential for the diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma. Knowledge of normal optic disc topography provides a benchmark for evaluating glaucomatous pathologic changes, especially in its early stages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and correlation factors of the optic disc parameters using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II (HRT II) in a large sample of normal eyes of adult Chinese subjects.

Methods
Disc data were obtained from 6 830 subjects aged >30 years from the Handan Eye Study. All participants underwent comprehensive eye examinations and physical examinations. The associations of gender, age, body mass index, blood pressure, waist-to-hip ratio; refractive error, intraocular pressure, axial length, and disc area were assessed using simple and multiple regression analysis. The correlation between HRT II parameters was evaluated.

Results
Of the 7 557 eligible subjects, 6 830 took part in the study (90.4% response rate) and 2 633 normal eyes with good-quality HRT II images were selected. The mean disc area was 2.28 mm2 (standard deviation (SD) 0.43) and mean neural rim area was 1.80 mm2 (SD 0.29). In multiple regression analysis, optic disc area significantly correlated with age, gender, and axial length (P <0.001). All optic disc parameters showed a significant correlation with disc area (0.054 <r <0.736, P <0.01). The association between mean RNFL thickness and rim area is statistically significant but not strong (regression linear equation: rim area = 1.42 × mean RNFL thickness + 1.32 mm2, P <0.001; R
2=0.070). The global RNFL cross-sectional area was significantly associated with global rim area (regression linear equation: rim area = 1.14× RNFL cross-sectional area + 0.44 mm2, P <0.001; R
2 =0.271).

Conclusions
The optic disc area in rural Chinese population is larger than reported in white and Japanese populations, similar to that of Indian population and urban Chinese population. Most optic disc measurements were moderately or weakly affected by disc area. In addition to the RNFL, there may be other factors affecting the rim area. The relationship between optic disc and axial length may suggest a link between larger disc area, thinning of the lamina cribrosa, and increased glaucoma susceptibility in myopic eyes.
Sphingosine Kinase-1/sphingosine 1-phosphate pathway in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Yanhui Deng , Tian Lan , Juan Huang , Heqing Huang 
Published: January 2024

Objective
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide and its prevalence continues to increase. Currently, therapies for DN provide only partial renoprotection; hence new targets for therapeutic intervention need to be identified. In this review, we summarized the new target, sphingosine kinase-1/sphingosine 1-phosphate (SphK1/S1P) pathway, explored its potential therapeutic role in the prevention and treatment of DN.

Data sources
Most relevant articles were mainly identified by searching PubMed in English.

Study selection
Mainly original articles and critical review articles by major pioneer investigators in this field were selected to be reviewed.

Results
SphK1/S1P pathway can be activated by hyperglycemia, advanced glycation end products, and many pro-inflammatory cytokines, which leads to fibronectin, transforming growth factor-β1 up-regulation and AP-1 activation. And then it could promote glomerular mesangial cells proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation, mediating the initiation and progression of diabetic renal fibrosis.

Conclusions
SphK1/S1P pathway is closely correlated with the pathogenesis of DN. The results suggest that SphK1/S1P pathway as a new target for clinically improving DN in future is of great prospect.
Changes of cerebrospinal fluid pressure after thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Authors: XUE Ling , LUO Jian-fang , LIU Yuan , HUANG Wen-hui , NI Zhong-han , HE Peng-cheng , XIE Nian-jin , FAN Rui-xin , LUO Song-yuan , CHEN Ji-yan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Decreasing the intracranial pressure has been advocated as one of the major protective strategies to prevent spinal cord ischemia after endovascular aortic repair. However, the actual changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and its relation with spinal cord ischemia have been poorly understood. We performed CSF pressure measurements and provisional CSF withdrawal after thoracic endovascular aortic repair, and compared the changes of CSF pressure in high risk patients and in patients with new onset paraplegia and paraparesis.

Methods
Four hundred and nineteen patients were evaluated for the risk of spinal cord ischemia after thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Patients with identified risk factors before the procedure constituted group H and received prophylactic sequential CSF pressure measurement and CSF withdrawal. Patients who actually developed spinal cord ischemia constituted group P and received rescue CSF pressure measurements and CSF withdrawal.

Results
Among the 419 patients evaluated, 17 were graded as high risk. Four patients actually developed spinal cord ischemia after endovascular repair. The incidence of spinal cord ischemia in this investigation was 0.9%. The patients who actually developed spinal cord ischemia had no identified risk factors and had elevated CSF pressure, ranging from 15.4 to 30.0 mmHg. Six of the 17 patients graded as high risk had elevated CSF pressure: >20 mmHg in two patients and >15 mmHg in four patients. Sequential CSF pressure measurements and provisional withdrawal successfully decrease CSF pressure and prevented symptomatic spinal cord ischemia in high-risk patients. However, these measurements could only successfully reverse the neurologic deficit in two of the patients who actually developed spinal cord ischemia.

Conclusions
Cerebrospinal fluid pressure was elevated in patients with spinal cord ischemia after thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Sequential measurements of CSF pressure and provisional withdrawal of CSF decreased CSF pressure effectively in high risk patients and provided effective prevention of spinal cord ischemia. Risk factor identification and prophylactic measurements play the key role in prevention of spinal cord ischemia after thoracic endovascular aortic repair.
Prevalence of depression in coronary heart disease in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yanping Ren , Hui Yang , Browning Colette , Thomas Shane , Meiyan Liu 
Published: January 2024

Background
Coronary heart diseases (CHD) have been identified as one of topmost diseases affecting the Chinese population. However, depression in CHD has not been reported and there are limited high quality empirical studies in China focused on the prevalence of the comorbidity. This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression with CHD in China.

Methods
Systematic review and meta-analysis of published epidemiologic studies on the depression in CHD patients in China were conducted. The research findings dated before 30 September 2013 were obtained from Ovid Medline, EMBASE and two Chinese electronic publication libraries WANFANG and CNKI. We used “cardiovascular disease”, “depression” and “China” as the search themes in Ovid Medline and EMBASE and “cardiovascular disease” and “depression” in WANFANG and CNKI. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the prevalence of depression in CHD patients.

Results
Twenty-seven studies were included in the review. Twenty-three studies had 5 236 participants who were hospitalized and four studies had 1 353 participants from community. The overall prevalence of depression in CHD from hospital was 51% (95% CI: 0.43, 0.58; I-squared=97%, P=0.000).The prevalence of depression in CHD from community ranged between 34.6% to 45.8%, and the severe depression was found ranging between 3.1% to 11.2%.

Conclusions
On comparing data with other countries, the prevalence of depression in CHD among admitted patients in China was found to be high. The physicians and healthcare providers should pay more attention to the “physical-mental” health of the CHD patients.
Polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is associated with response to fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in Chinese patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Xiaoping Zhang , Zhibin Bai , Baoan Chen , Jifeng Feng , Feng Yan , Zhi Jiang , Yuejiao Zhong , Jianzhong Wu , Lu Cheng , Zuhong Lu , Na Tong , Zhengdong Zhang 
Published: January 2024

Background
The importance of polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene for the prediction of the response to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients remains unclear. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive value of several polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene for clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in Chinese population.

Methods
Three hundred and sixty-two Chinese patients with gastric cancer were treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy. DNA samples were isolated from peripheral blood collected before treatment. The three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1801131, rs1801133, rs2274976) genotypes of the MTHFR gene were determined by matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Results
The average response rate for chemotherapy was 46.7%. Homozygous genotypes rs2274976G/G (χ2=22.7, P <0.01) and rs1801131A/A (χ2=14.3, P=0.008) were over-represented in responsive patients. Carriers of the rs2274976A allele genotypes (G/A and A/A) and of the rs1801131C allele genotypes (A/C and C/C) were prevalent in nonresponsive patients. In the haplotype association analysis, there was a significant difference in global haplotype distribution between the groups (χ2=20.69, P=0.000 124).

Conclusions
These results suggest that polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene may be used as predictors of the response to fluorouracil-based chemotherapy for gastric cancer patients in Chinese population. Well-designed, comprehensive, and prospective studies on determining these polymorphisms of MTHFR gene as clinical markers for predicting the response to fluorouracil-based therapy in gastric cancer patients is warranted.
Preliminary study on the evaluation of Langerhans cell histiocytosis using F-18-fluoro-deoxy-glucose PET/CT
Authors: Wenlan Zhou , Hubing Wu , Yanjiang Han , Shaobo Wang , Ye Dong , Quanshi Wang 
Published: January 2024

Background
Limited number of studies have been reported regarding the utilization of F-18-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (F-18-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18-FDG PET/CT) in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). The aim of this study was to assess the role of F-18-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of LCH.

Methods
Eight newly diagnosed and seven recurrent patients with LCH received F-18-FDG PET/CT scans. The diagnosis of LCH was established by pathology, multi-modality imaging, and clinical follow-up.

Results
F-18-FDG PET/CT was positive in 14 patients with 13 true positives and one false positive. All 45 LCH lesions were F-18-FDG avid including six small bone lesions <1.0 cm in diameter. The mean maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was 7.13±4.91. F-18-FDG uptake showed no significant difference between newly diagnosed lesions vs recurrent lesions (SUVmax: 6.50±2.97 vs. 7.93±6.60, t=-0.901, P=0.376). Among 45 LCH lesions, 68.9% (31/45) were found in bones and 31.1% (14/45) in soft tissue. The most commonly involved bones were the pelvis and vertebrae. There was no significant difference in F-18-FDG uptake between bone lesions vs. non-bone lesions (SUVmax: 6.30±2.87 vs. 8.97±7.58, t=1.277, P=0.221). In two patients, changes in F-18-FDG uptake on serial PET/CT scans reflected response of lesions to treatment.

Conclusions
The present study suggests that F-18-FDG PET/CT may be useful for diagnosis and assessing the treatment response of LCH. Because of the small sample size, further research is warranted to confirm our findings.
Vitreomacular traction syndrome
Authors: Lei Shao , Wenbin Wei 
Published: January 2024

Objective
This study aimed to review the available literature on vitreomacular traction (VMT) syndrome and propose the future study prospect in this field.

Data sources
The data used in this review were mainly obtained from articles listed in Medline and Pubmed (1970-2013). The search terms were “vitreomacular traction,” “optical coherence tomography,” “vitrectomy,” and “ocriplasmin.”

Study selection
Articles regarding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatments of VMT were selected and reviewed.

Results
VMT syndrome is a persistent attachment of vitreous to the macula in eyes with an incomplete posterior vitreous detachment and considered to be an uncommon status which correlated with some other macular disorders. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can support a new way to examine and classify VMT. Nonoperative and operative intervenes on this disease have been developed recently, especially the intravitreal medical therapy.

Conclusions
VMT syndrome may be associated with various disorders in the macular region, depending in part on the size and strength of the residual vitreomacular adhesion. Regular OCT monitoring is recommended to detect it. Patients with asymptomatic VMT should be observed for at least 2-3 months; nonoperative treatment with ocriplasmin should be considered when disorders persist; surgery is recommended if VMT-related disease is significant.
Comparison of the clinical and radiological outcomes following midvastus and medial parapatellar approaches for total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis
Authors: Tao Li , Qianyu Zhuang , Ke Xiao , Lei Zhou , Xisheng Weng 
Published: January 2024

Background
Controversy still exists regarding whether medial parapatellar approach (MP) or midvastus approach (MV) is preferable in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) up to now. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes following the MV or MP for TKA.

Methods
A comprehensive search of unrestricted-language literature of all studies comparing MP with MV was conducted through the electronic literature databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and WANFANG. Retrieval time was from the time when databases were built to October 2013. Manual search of relevant trials, reviews, and related articles was also performed. Outcomes of interest included postoperative knee extensor and flexor function, postoperative pain, patella tilt, and complications. Relative risk (RR) and weighted mean differences (WMD) from each trial were pooled using random-effects or fixed-effects model depending on the heterogeneity of the included studies. A subgroup analysis or a sensitivity analysis was conducted to explore the potential source of heterogeneity when necessary.

Results
Twenty-one randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comprising 1 188 patients (1 450 knees) were eligible. Our results showed that MV was associated with better early postoperative extension (WMD=-1.26, 95% CI -2.36 to -0.16, P=0.02) and flexion (WMD=10.13, 95% CI 5.36 to 14.90, P <0.01), less postoperative pain (WMD=-0.21, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.07, P=0.002), and no greater risk for complications than MP. The patella tilt did not differ significantly between the two groups (WMD=-0.70, 95% CI -1.94 to 0.54, P=0.27).

Conclusions
MV may be a better approach than MP, as it improves postoperative early joint function and decreases pain. Future multi-center randomized controlled studies with large sample sizes are required to verify the current findings.
Effect and mechanism of tacrolimus on melanogenesis on A375 human melanoma cells
Authors: Haiyan Huang , Xiaoyan Wang , Xiaolan Ding , Qianxi Xu , Hwang Sonia Kay , Fang Wang , Juan Du , Jianzhong Zhang 
Published: January 2024

Background
Topical tacrolimus has been used for vitiligo as a common treatment option for more than ten years while the underlying mechanism is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct effects of tacrolimus on the melanogenesis and migration on human A375 melanoma cells. The expression of c-KIT mRNA and protein of human A375 cells were also investigated.

Methods
The cultured A375 human melanoma cells were randomly assigned to control and tacrolimus treatment groups (10, 102, 103 and 104 nmol/L). The cell proliferation was measured with Cell Counting Kit-8 assays. Melanin content was measured with NaOH method. Transwell migration assay was used to measure cell migration. The expression of c-KIT mRNA and protein were measured with real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry respectively.

Results
The cell proliferation of the 103 and 104 nmol/L tacrolimus groups were significantly lower (0.666±0.062 and 0.496±0.038) as compared with the control (0.841±0.110, P <0.05). The mean melanin content in all groups treated with different concentration of tacrolimus (10, 102, 103, 104 nmol/L) increased compared with the control group (P <0.05). Dose-dependent increase in cell migration were seen in all tacrolimus-treated groups (P <0.01). The expression of c-KIT mRNA level in A375 cells exposed to tacrolimus (103 and 104 nmol/L) had significantly increased by 3.03-fold and 3.19-fold respectively compared with the control (P <0.05).

Conclusions
Although tacrolimus had no effects on cell proliferation on A375 human melanoma cells, it could increase the melanin content and cell migration. The expression of c-KIT mRNA and protein increased dose-dependently in tacrolimus-treated groups as compared with the control. Our study demonstrated that tacrolimus could enhance the melanogenesis and cell migration on A375 cells.
Changes of atrial natriuretic peptide and antidiuretic hormone in children with postural tachycardia syndrome and orthostatic hypertension: a case control study
Authors: Zhao Juan , Yang Jinyan , Du Shuxu , Tang Chaoshu , Du Junbao , Jin Hongfang 
Published: January 2024

Background
The abnormal blood volume regulation is one of the most important pathogenesis in postural tachycardia syndrome in children. This study was designed to investigate the plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and antidiuretic hormone levels in postural tachycardia syndrome children, and their associations with the changes in heart rate and blood pressure in head-up test.

Methods
Twenty-one postural tachycardia syndrome patients ((12±2) years) and 26 healthy children ((12±1) years) were included. According to blood pressure changes in head-up test, the postural tachycardia syndrome patients were divided into two subgroups: postural tachycardia syndrome with orthostatic hypertension and postural tachycardia syndrome without orthostatic hypertension. The plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and antidiuretic hormone levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
The plasma atrial natriuretic peptide level in postural tachycardia syndrome patients was higher than the control (P=0.004), whereas the difference in plasma antidiuretic hormone level between postural tachycardia syndrome and controls was not significant (P=0.222). The plasma antidiuretic hormone level of patients suffering from postural tachycardia syndrome with orthostatic hypertension was much higher than that of children having postural tachycardia syndrome without orthostatic hypertension (P <0.05). In postural tachycardia syndrome patients, the upright max heart rate was positively correlated with the plasma atrial natriuretic peptide level (r=0.490, P<0.05) and the upright systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with the plasma antidiuretic hormone levels (r=0.472, P <0.05).

Conclusions
There was a disturbance of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and antidiuretic hormone in postural tachycardia syndrome children.

Chin Med J 2014;127 (10): 1853-1857