bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Breathable Fibrous Membrane with Coaxially Heterogeneous Conductive Networks toward Personal Thermal Management and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Wu Jiajia , Zhu Chunhong , Morikawa Hideaki , Zhang Xinxin , Yin Xia , Yu Jianyong , Zhang Shichao , Ding Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe expeditious growth of wearable electronic devices has boomed the development of versatile smart textiles for personal health‐related applications. In practice, integrated high‐performance systems still face challenges of compromised breathability, high cost, and complicated manufacturing processes. Herein, a breathable fibrous membrane with dual‐driven heating and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance is developed through a facile process of electrospinning followed by targeted conformal deposition. The approach constructs a robust hierarchically coaxial heterostructure consisting of elastic polymers as supportive “core” and dual‐conductive components of polypyrrole and copper sulfide (CuS) nanosheets as continuous “sheath” at the fiber level. The CuS nanosheets with metal‐like electrical conductivity demonstrate the promising potential to substitute the expensive conductive nano‐materials with a complex fabricating process. The as‐prepared fibrous membrane exhibits high electrical conductivity (70.38 S cm−1), exceptional active heating effects, including solar heating (saturation temperature of 69.7 °C at 1 sun) and Joule heating (75.2 °C at 2.9 V), and impressive EMI shielding performance (50.11 dB in the X‐band), coupled with favorable air permeability (161.4 mm s−1 at 200 Pa) and efficient water vapor transmittance (118.9 g m−2 h). This work opens up a new avenue to fabricate versatile wearable devices for personal thermal management and health protection.
An Atomic‐Scale Vector Network Analyzer
Authors: Baumann Susanne , McMurtrie Gregory , Hänze Max , Betz Nicolaj , Arnhold Lukas , Malavolti Luigi , Loth Sebastian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectronic devices have been ever‐shrinking toward atomic dimensions and have reached operation frequencies in the GHz range, thereby outperforming most conventional test equipment, such as vector network analyzers (VNA). Here the capabilities of a VNA on the atomic scale in a scanning tunneling microscope are implemented. Nonlinearities present in the voltage‐current characteristic of atoms and nanostructures for phase‐resolved microwave spectroscopy with unprecedented spatial resolution at GHz frequencies are exploited. The amplitude and phase response up to 9.3 GHz is determined, which permits accurate de‐embedding of the transmission line and application of distortion‐corrected waveforms in the tunnel junction itself. This enables quantitative characterization of the complex‐valued admittance of individual magnetic iron atoms which show a lowpass response with a magnetic‐field‐tunable cutoff frequency.
Short‐Wave Infrared Detection and Imaging Employing Size‐Customized HgTe Nanocrystals
Authors: Wang Binbin , Hu Huicheng , Yuan Mohan , Yang Ji , Liu Jing , Gao Liang , Zhang Jianbing , Tang Jiang , Lan Xinzheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHgTe nanocrystals (NCs) possess advantages including tunable infrared absorption spectra, solution processability, and low fabrication costs, offering new avenues for the advancement of next‐generation infrared detectors. In spite of great synthetic advances, it remains essential to achieve customized synthesis of HgTe NCs in terms of industrial applications. Herein, by taking advantage of a high critical nucleation concentration of HgTe NCs, a continuous‐dropwise (CD) synthetic approach that features the addition of the anion precursors in a feasible drop‐by‐drop fashion is demonstrated. The slow reaction dynamics enable size‐customized synthesis of HgTe NCs with sharp band tails and wide absorption range fully covering the short‐ and mid‐infrared regions. More importantly, the intrinsic advantages of CD process ensure high‐uniformity and scale‐up synthesis from batch to batch without compromising the excitonic features. The resultant HgTe nanocrystal photodetectors show a high room‐temperature detectivity of 8.1 × 1011 Jones at 1.7 µm cutoff absorption edge. This CD approach verifies a robust method for controlled synthesis of HgTe NCs and might have important implications for scale‐up synthesis of other nanocrystal materials.
Selectively nucleotide‐derived RuP on N,P‐codoped carbon with engineered mesopores for energy‐efficient hydrogen production assisted by hydrazine oxidation
Authors: Guan Xiya , Sun Yu , Zhao Simeng , Li Haibo , Zeng Suyuan , Yao Qingxia , Li Rui , Chen Hongyan , Qu Konggang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntegrating hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) has an encouraging prospect for the energy‐saving hydrogen production, demanding the high‐performance bifunctional HER/HzOR electrocatalyst. Ruthenium phosphide/doped carbon composites have exhibited superior activity toward multiple electrocatalytic reactions. To explore the decent water‐soluble precursors containing both N and P elements is highly attractive to facilely prepare metal phosphide/doped carbon composites. Herein, as one kind ecofriendly biomolecules, adenine nucleotide was first employed to selectively fabricate the highly pure RuP nanoparticles embedded into porous N,P‐codoped carbons (RuP/PNPC) with a straightforward “mix‐and‐pyrolyze” approach. The newly prepared RuP/PNPC only requires 4.0 and −83.0 mV at 10 mA/cm2 separately in alkaline HER and HzOR, outperforming most of reported electrocatalysts, together with the outstanding neutral bifunctional performance. Furthermore, the two‐electrode alkaline and neutral overall hydrazine splitting both exhibit significant power‐efficiency superiority to the corresponding overall water splitting with the voltage difference of larger than 2 V, which can be also easily driven by the fuel cells and solar cells with considerable H2 generation. Our report innovates the N‐ and P‐bearing adenine nucleotide to effortlessly synthesize the high‐quality RuP/doped carbon composite catalysts, highly potential as a universal platform for metal phosphide‐related functional materials.
Differentiated instruction in an online ESL writing lesson: A single participant case study in Hong Kong
Authors: Liang Weijun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDifferentiated instruction (DI), an educational philosophy that aims to cater for learner diversity, has been advocated by scholars and teachers over the past two decades. Nevertheless, little is known about how teachers practise DI in online teaching, particularly in the context of English language teaching during the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic. To fill this gap, this single participant case study aimed to delineate concrete ways of implementing DI during an online English writing lesson for English as a second language (ESL) learners in a Hong Kong primary school. To provide a thick description, multiple sources of data were extracted from a rich data pool of a two‐year longitudinal teacher professional development project which included lesson recordings, post‐lesson debriefing meeting recordings, and student work. The findings suggested that the case teacher employed various DI strategies (i.e., providing chances for all student participation, using multisensory pedagogical designs, using information technology) to cater for learner diversity during online English teaching. It is argued that despite the potential challenges, it could be feasible and manageable to employ some DI strategies to address learner diversity during online English teaching. This study contributes to DI theory and practice by deepening our understanding of implementing DI in the context of online English teaching and providing a valuable reference for educational practitioners. It also advances our knowledge of how technology could be leveraged to support DI implementation.
Prevalence of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia infections in dogs in Iran: A meta‐analysis study
Authors: Abdous Arman , Rahnama Mehdi , Shams Farzane , Jokar Mohammad , Rahmanian Vahid , Farhoodi Mehran , Abbassioun Aryan , Kamjoo Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe current study aims to assess the prevalence of different genera of Rickettsiales, intracellular bacteria, in dogs across various regions of Iran. Rickettsiales, as zoonotic pathogens, can have various manifestations in different species, including immunosuppression, anaemia and neuropathy. Due to their close interactions with people and livestock, dogs can serve as reservoirs and transmit these pathogens to humans and other animals. The data from this research can be valuable for managing and controlling related diseases and complications in Iran and possibly neighbouring countries. Pertinent data for this study was gathered without time limitations until 1 March 2022, from different databases. Of all the inspected studies, 26 were eligible based on the inclusion criteria. The Egger test result and asymmetry in the funnel plot revealed significant publication bias; therefore, the meta‐analysis model was corrected with the trim‐and‐fill method. After correction, the prevalence of rickettsial infections among dogs varies by genus – 20.1% for Anaplasma spp. and 10% for Ehrlichia spp. – with an overall prevalence estimated at 18.3% by random‐effects analysis. The highest and lowest estimated pooled prevalences were associated with the southwestern (38.5%) and southern (0.3%) provinces of Iran, respectively. The pooled prevalence of rickettsial infection was higher in female dogs (OR = 1.198; p < 0.978; 95% CI, 0.842–1.705) and in dogs ≤2 years (OR = 1.014; p < 0.312; 95% CI, 0.598–1.72), but the difference was not statistically significant. Ultimately, the pooled prevalence of rickettsial infections among dogs is relatively low compared to other countries like Qatar, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Turkey, which are nearby Iran. Given the significant clinical outcomes of this disease, necessary measures for prevention should be taken.
Investigation of the effects of in ovo taurine injection on hatching characteristics and stress reduction potential
Authors: Baykalir Yasin , Simsek Ulku Gulcihan , Seker İbrahim , Koseman Abdurrahman , Gul Burcu , Eroglu Mehmet , Mutlu Seda Iflazoglu , Kocyigit Sezgin , Karaca Mehmet , Demir Pelin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn ovo application is the process of administering some nutrients or components into the egg. The main purpose of this application is to ensure that some nutrients are provided to chicks with a short incubation period. Few studies were conducted with taurine in fertile eggs; especially, no observation of hatchability and chick quality has been found. In addition, taurine has an anti‐stress impact that fights oxidative factors.ObjectiveTo assess the hatchability and chick quality after in ovo taurine administration. To determine the stress that may occur as a result of in ovo application and whether taurine has a stress‐reducing effect.MethodsA total of 1200 fertile eggs from a 34‐week‐old broiler breeder (Ross 308) flock were categorized into 4 groups with 75 eggs per replicate: control (uninjected), taurine group (0.30 mL dissolved taurine in distilled water), sham control (sterile distilled water) and perforation (eggs perforated and then waxed). On day 14 of incubation, an in ovo injection was administered to the albumen. Data on hatching parameters and hepatic HSP70 levels were obtained using relevant formulas and western blotting, respectively.ResultsControl chicks exhibited higher hatchability than other groups, with the taurine group showing the lowest hatchability. The HSP70 levels were the highest in the perforation group compared to the control group. An increase of 21.37% in the taurine group and 83.45% in the sham control group was observed compared to the control group.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that in ovo application may induce increased stress, whereas taurine may have positive effects in mitigating the stress caused by in ovo application.
In vitro evaluation of antileishmanial activity of Boswellia serrata essential oil nanoliposome
Authors: Babaei Mohaddeseh , Youssefi Mohammad Reza , Nasrabadi Nadia Taiefi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundLeishmaniasis poses a significant health risk.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of Boswellia serrata (B. serrata) essential oil nanoliposomes on Leishmania tropica (L. tropica) in vitro.MethodsA mixture of B. serrata essential oil, phosphatidylcholine and Tween 80 were used to prepare B. serrata essential oil nanoliposomes, followed by drying, hydration and size characterisation. The promastigotes of L. tropica were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium (RPMI‐1640) containing streptomycin, penicillin and fetal bovine serum. Different concentrations of B. serrata essential and nanoliposomes were tested for their antileishmanial properties by 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium Bromide tests (MTT).ResultsResults of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) for B. serrata nanoliposomes indicate that they are successful at producing nanoliposomes with dimensions of 74.8 nm. At 1 μg/mL dose, B. serrata essence caused 17 ± 1.73% mortality, while B. serrata nanoliposomes induced 26 ± 1.15% mortality. B. serrata essence achieved a mortality of 55 ± 2.88% at 10 μg/mL, whereas B. serrata nanoliposomes demonstrated a mortality of 63.66±0.88% at 10 μg/mL. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between similar concentrations of B. serrata and B. serrata nanoliposomes. The LC50 of B. serrata essential oil is 7.26 μg/mL in the 95% confidence interval (12.13–5.25). The LC90 value of B. serrata essential oil is 129.37 μg/mL in the 95% confidence interval (50.07–852.58). The LC50 value of B. serrata nanoliposome is 4.20 μg/mL in the 95% confidence interval (6.13–3.10). LC90 value for B. serrata nanoliposome is calculated as 91.89 μg/mL in the 95% confidence interval (37.09–583.29).ConclusionsIn vitro experiments have shown that B. serrata oil and the nanoliposome suppress the proliferation of L. tropica promastigotes, which suggests it may be a promising option for treating leishmaniasis.
Multienvironmental tracers in coastal aquifer (Morocco): A window into groundwater mixing and risk to contamination
Authors: Qurtobi Mohamed , Hssaisoune Mohammed , Kumar Umayadoss Saravana , Bouchaou Lhoussaine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn many coastal areas in Morocco, groundwater (GW) constitutes an important water supply for human activities. Intensive pumping makes GW highly susceptible to contamination, affecting its quality and then human health. This work aims to assess and improve the application of environmental isotopes in exploring the connections between GW recharge and discharge, as well as to identify the direction, age, and speed of GW flow, in the coastal aquifer system of the Akermoud plain. A total of 23 boreholes and wells were sampled during two sampling campaigns in 2017 and 2018, including 11 samples from the shallow aquifer and 12 samples from the deep aquifer. A set of chemical and isotopic tracers (δ18O, δ2H, 3H, δ13C, 14C, and 3He) is used to track water and solute from input to output of the investigated system. Stable isotopes distinguish recharge at different altitudes for the shallow and deep aquifers. Both aquifers reveal consistently low values of 3H (between 0.3 and 0.9 tritium units) and from 28% to 64% of modern carbon for six boreholes. According to 14C correction models, GW has ages ranging from 3300 to 11,000 years before present. GW flows from SSE to NNW and discharge along the Atlantic coast of Akermoud plain with a velocity ranging from 0.41 to 1.8 m/year.Practitioner Points
The use of environmental tracers helps determine the origin of salinity and identify the recharge area.
Investigating the MRT of groundwater resources is essential, especially in arid regions.
Evaluating the efficiency of isotopic tracing is crucial in assessing the risk of groundwater contamination.
The findings provide insights for stakeholders to promote more sustainable groundwater management in coastal areas.
Increasing LGBTQ+ inclusion & competency in wildlife sciences: intersections of sociocultural, structural, and historic barriers to inclusion
Authors: Alexander Nathan B. , Knutson Douglas , Lynch Loren , Spellman Madeleine , Rivera Michael , Morrow Leslie K. , Scherz Maxine , Clarkberg Thea E. , Allen‐Custodio Lucas T. , Fountain Kal , Klimasmith Isaac , Smith Emmett M. , Coon Jaime J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractScience has a history of excluding marginalized groups, including people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer, and other marginalized gender and sexual identities (LGBTQ+), and recent calls urge the wildlife sciences to address disparities. Literature on inclusion in the life sciences generally has focused on personal affirmation and has neglected comprehensive discussion of barriers rooted in historical, structural, and sociocultural context. In our literature review, we construct a narrative highlighting the intersections between historic LGBTQ+ exclusion in society and wildlife science due to current policy trends, pressures of cis‐heteronormativity, and survival barriers on LGBTQ+ people in wildlife sciences in the United States. Wildlife scientists must have competency on LGBTQ+ marginalization topics to advance inclusion in our discipline, and this should include comprehension of historic and current legislation and social perceptions. To bolster inclusion efforts, we recommend thoughtful data collection on experiences of LGBTQ+ people within the wildlife sciences. To address root causes of exclusion, institutions and organizations should address disparities in financial support, housing, and physical and mental health resources as part of LGBTQ+ advocacy, in addition to interpersonal efforts.
On an indentation of a circular cylindrical punch into an elastic half‐space under friction
Authors: Hakobyan Vahram N. , Dashtoyan Lilit L. , Amirjanyan Harutyun A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe paper discusses an axisymmetric contact problem of indentation of a circular cylindrical punch with a flat base into a homogeneous elastic half‐space with friction. It is assumed that the shear contact stresses are related to the normal contact pressure by the law of dry friction, in which the coefficient of friction depends on the radial coordinates of the points of the surfaces in contact and is directly proportional to them. With the help of rotation operators, the solution of the stated problem is reduced to the solution of a singular integral equation of the second kind with variable coefficients, and its closed solution in quadratures is constructed. The numerical calculations display the patterns of change in contact stresses and rigid displacement of the punch depending on the maximum value of the friction coefficient.
The Duty to Promote Digital Minimalism in Others II: Duties of Right
Authors: Aylsworth Timothy , Castro Clinton 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter begins with a discussion of the distinction between duties of virtue (which cannot be coercively enforced) and duties of right (which can). It explores attention ecology (the duty to promote digital minimalism in others), understood as a duty of right. This takes us into the territory of Kantian political philosophy. The core tenets of Kant’s political philosophy are introduced and applied to the question of regulating the attention economy through legislation. One core tenant is that state interference can be legitimately called upon to protect freedom. Understanding certain harms of the attention economy (e.g., damaging a child’s capacities for setting and pursuing her ends) as threats to freedom opens the door to revisiting some previously discussed cases (e.g., education, employment, and the development of applications) from the point of view of legislation. It is important to note that while regulating the attention economy via legislation is explored, we do not advocate this as the only means by which the attention economy should be checked. In this chapter and others, we emphasize the important role that culture and education can and should play in restructuring our relationship with our devices.
The Duty to Promote Digital Minimalism in Group Agents
Authors: Aylsworth Timothy , Castro Clinton 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, we turn our attention to the effects of the attention economy on our ability to act autonomously as a group. We begin by clarifying which sorts of groups we are concerned with, which are structured groups (groups sufficiently organized that it makes sense to attribute agency to the group itself). Drawing on recent work by Purves and Davis (Public Aff Q 36:136–62, 2022), we describe the essential roles of trust (i.e., depending on groups to fulfill their commitments) and trustworthiness (i.e., the property of a group that makes trusting them fitting) in autonomous group action, with particular emphasis on democratic institutions (which we view as group agents) and democratic legitimacy (which depends on trust and trustworthiness). We then explain how engagement maximization promotes polarization, which is detrimental to trust and trustworthiness and, in turn, democratic legitimacy and democratic institutions. We close by considering what groups might do to protect themselves from the threat posed to them by the attention economy.
Riding on the BRI Train: Issues Relating to China’s Strengthening Ties with Cambodia
Authors: Yu Hong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe effects of China’s rising economic ascendency and geopolitical clout are being felt throughout the Southeast Asian countries but most prominently in Cambodia. Cambodia is one of the smallest and least developed nations in Southeast Asia. It has a strategic location between Thailand and Vietnam, two powerful rivals in the region, and borders Laos to the north and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest.
Quasinormal modes of C-metric from SCFTs
Authors: Lei Yang , Shu Hongfei , Zhang Kilar , Zhu Rui-Dong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study the quasinormal modes (QNM) of the charged C-metric, which physically stands for a charged accelerating black hole, with the help of Nekrasov’s partition function of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal field theories (SCFTs). The QNM in the charged C-metric are classified into three types: the photon-surface modes, the accelerating modes and the near-extremal modes, and it is curious how the single quantization condition proposed in [1] can reproduce all the different families. We show that the connection formula encoded in terms of Nekrasov’s partition function captures all these families of QNM numerically and recovers the asymptotic behavior of the accelerating and the near-extremal modes analytically. Using the connection formulae of different 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs, one can solve both the radial and the angular parts of the scalar perturbation equation respectively. The same algorithm can be applied to the de Sitter (dS) black holes to calculate both the dS modes and the photon-sphere modes.