bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocontrol fungi induced stem-base rot disease resistance of Morinda officinalis How revealed by transcriptome analysis
Authors: Chen Zien , Han Panpan , Che Xiaoying , Luo Zhenhua , Chen Zeyu , Chen Jinfang , Shan Tijiang , Ding Ping 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionMorinda officinalis How (MO) is a Rubiaceae plant, and its medicinal part is dried root, which is one of the “Four Southern Medicines” in China. At present, the plant MO breed seedlings mainly by cutting methods. Long-term asexual propagation makes pathogenic fungi accumulate in MO, leading to stem-base rot, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Fon).MethodsIn this study, we used Trichoderma harzianum and Pestalotiopsis sp. as biocontrol fungi to investigate their antagonistic ability to Fon through in vitro antagonism and pot experiments, and combined with transcriptome sequencing to explore the mechanism of biocontrol.ResultsThe results showed that both Trichoderma harzianum and Pestalotiopsis sp. could inhibit the growth of Fon. In addition, Trichoderma harzianum and Pestalotiopsis sp. could also enhance the basic immunity to Fon by increasing the activities of defensive enzymes such as POD and SOD, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, and oligosaccharide content of MO. The mechanism of biological control of stem-base rot of MO was discussed by transcriptome technology. MO was treated with two treatments, root irrigation with biocontrol fungi or inoculation with Fon after root irrigation with biocontrol fungi. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that nearly 11,188 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in the process of inducing MO systemic resistance to Fon by biocontrol fungi. Meanwhile, Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, as well as transcription factor (TFs) prediction showed that there were significant differences in the expression levels of MO roots under different treatments. Also, the genes of the “MAPK signaling pathway” and “plant hormone signaling pathway” were analyzed, in which the ERFs gene of the ethylene signal transduction pathway participated in the metabolism of glycosyl compounds. It is speculated that the ethylene signal may participate in the immune response of the sugar signal to the infection of Fon. After qRT-PCR verification of 10 DEGs related to the ethylene signal transduction pathway, the expression trend is consistent with the results of transcriptome sequencing, which proves the reliability of transcriptome sequencing.DiscussionIn conclusion, this study preliminarily identified the molecular mechanism of the biological control of MO stem-base rot and provided a scientific basis for further research on the prevention and control mechanism of MO stem-base rot.
Post-stroke seizures, epilepsy, and mortality in a prospective hospital-based study
Authors: Freiman Sofia , Hauser W. Allen , Rider Flora , Yaroslavskaya Sofia , Sazina Olga , Vladimirova Elena , Kaimovsky Igor , Shpak Alexander , Gulyaeva Natalia , Guekht Alla 
Published: December 2023

Background and objectivesPost-stroke epilepsy (PSE) is a significant concern in the elderly population, with stroke being a leading cause of epilepsy in this demographic. Several factors have shown consistent associations with the risk of developing PSE, including cortical lesions, initial stroke severity, younger age, and the occurrence of early seizures. The primary objectives of this study were two-fold: (1) to determine the incidence of PSE and (2) to identify the risk factors associated with PSE in a prospective cohort of post-stroke patients.MethodsA prospective single-hospital study was conducted, involving patients diagnosed with acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The patients were followed up for 2 years (or until death) from the time of admission. Data about seizure occurrence and recurrent stroke were collected. Kaplan–Meyer curves were used for the assessment of PSE incidence and mortality. Possible predictors of PSE and mortality were selected from between-group analysis and tested in multivariable regressions.ResultsOur study enrolled a total of 424 patients diagnosed with acute stroke. Among them, 97 cases (23%) experienced early post-stroke seizures, and 28 patients (6.6%) developed PSE. The cumulative risks of developing PSE were found to be 15.4% after hemorrhagic stroke and 8.7% after ischemic stroke. In multivariable fine and gray regression with competitive risk of death, significant predictors for developing PSE in the ischemic cohort were watershed infarction (HR 6.01, 95% CI 2.29–15.77, p &lt; 0.001) and low Barthel index at discharge (HR 0.98, CI 0.96–0.99, p = 0.04). Furthermore, patients who eventually developed PSE showed slower recovery and presented a worse neurologic status at the time of discharge. The in-hospital dynamics of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were significantly worse in the PSE group compared to the non-PSE group (p = 0.01).DiscussionA higher proportion of cases experienced early seizures compared to what has been commonly reported in similar studies. Watershed stroke and low Barthel index at discharge were both identified as independent risk factors of PSE in ischemic strokes, which sheds light on the underlying mechanisms that may predispose individuals to post-stroke epilepsy after experiencing an ischemic stroke.
Associations of urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolites with metabolic syndrome in US adults
Authors: Zhou Jianli , Qin Linyuan 
Published: December 2023

AimsThe relationship between caffeine and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has only been evaluated from the perspective of caffeine consumption. The association between urinary caffeine and MetS is still unclear. This study examined the associations between urinary caffeine and its metabolites and MetS and its components among adults.MethodsData from the United States (US) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014 was analyzed. NHANES is a stratified, multi-stage survey of all non-institutionalized persons in the US. A total of 2,394 subjects aged ≥ 18 years without missing data were selected in this study. Urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolite levels were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) with stable isotope-labeled internal standards. We performed principal components analysis (PCA) to investigate the underlying correlation structure of 15 features of urinary caffeine and its metabolites and then used these principal components (PCs) as independent variables to conduct logistic regression analysis with or without restricted cubic spline (RCS) terms to explore the associations between caffeine metabolites and MetS.ResultsTwo main PCs that were derived from the PCA explained 90.67% of the total variance of caffeine and its metabolites. The first PC (PC1, strongly correlated with 1-MU, 1,3-DMU, 1,7-DMU, 1,3,7-TMU, 1-MX, 1,3-DMX, 1,7-DMX, 1,3,7-TMX, and AAMU) was positively correlated with risk of MetS (OR = 1.27, p &lt; 0.001) and all its components (all ORs &gt; 1, all p-values &lt; 0.001) in the unadjusted models, while in the adjusted models, it was positively correlated with MetS (OR = 1.16, p = 0.042) and central obesity (OR = 1.22, p &lt; 0.001). In the unadjusted model, there were significant associations between the second PC (PC2, correlated with 3-MU, 7-MU, 3,7-DMU, 3-MX, 7-MX, and 3,7-DMX) and MetS (OR = 1.11, P = 0.030) and central obesity (OR = 1.16, P &lt; 0.001), while in the adjusted models (adjustment variables include gender, age, race/ethnicity, education level and income-poverty ratio, smoking status, drinking, and physical activity), PC2 was positively associated with MetS (OR = 1.15, p = 0.035) and central obesity (OR = 1.15, p = 0.005) and negatively associated with raised triglycerides (TG) (OR = 0.84, p = 0.008). Moreover, we observed U-shaped associations between PC1 and the risk of raised TG both in unadjusted (Pnon–linear = 0.017) and adjusted (Pnon–linear = 0.014) models.ConclusionUrinary caffeine metabolites were positively associated with the risk of MetS and its components through different linear or non-linear patterns.
Impact of dentofacial deformity on the chance of being hired for a job
Authors: de Miranda Bruna Marlene , Gonçalez Miguel Patricia Tavian , Gonçalves Flavio Magno , Costa Davani Latarullo , Bronholo Thalita de Paris Matos , Guariza-Filho Odilon , Stechman-Neto José , Santos Rosane Sampaio , Zeigelboim Bianca Simone , de Araujo Cristiano Miranda 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the impact of dentofacial deformity on an individual’s chances of being hired for a hypothetical job involving customer service.Materials and methodsFace photographs (frontal and lateral) of 15 patients with moderate to severe dentofacial deformity, taken before and after orthodontic-surgical correction, were selected and randomized between two different questionnaires. In addition, five patients without dentofacial deformity were used as controls in both questionnaires. These questionnaires were taken by adults responsible for hiring personnel to work in commerce and business activities, graduates or postgraduates in business administration, with experience in recruiting and hiring personnel. The evaluation took place using a Likert scale with values ranging from 0 to 10 (in which 0 corresponded to complete disagreement and 10 to complete agreement), considering the following variables in a first impression judgment: honesty, intelligence, productivity at work, and hiring chance. Data were tabulated and statistical analysis was performed using a linear regression model for the explanatory variables that showed statistical significance in the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Effect size through Cohen’s d has been corrected for all comparisons performed.ResultsAll re-examined domains demonstrated statistical differences even when included in a multivariate model (p &lt; 0.05), with lower mean values for those requiring pre-treatment (presenting deformity), although the effect size was small for all comparisons.ConclusionDentofacial deformity influenced the hiring chance, although not appearing to be a preponderant factor for hiring, acting as a tiebreaker among the candidates adopted.
Rural sixth-grade teachers’ and students’ perceptions of a mindfulness-based mental health curriculum
Authors: Folger Austin , Nekkanti Akhila , Williamson Gina , Guidinger Claire , Kelly Nichole R. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionMindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have the potential to improve students’ mood, behavior and cognitive functioning; yet, little is known about the feasibility and acceptability of adapting such programs for rural middle schools.MethodsAn exploratory qualitative evaluation was conducted to examine the feasibility and acceptability of an initial trial delivery of AttuneEd®, a trauma-informed, mindfulness-based mental health curriculum. In this single-group design study, 10 weekly lessons were taught in a middle school located in a rural town in the pacific northwest during 6th grade students’ P.E. classes. Three P.E. teachers, 26 6th grade teachers, and one school counselor attended trainings before and mid-curriculum implementation, where they provided qualitative feedback. A total of 160 students completed acceptability surveys before and after curriculum delivery.ResultsThree themes were identified from qualitative data: cultural considerations, teacher self-efficacy, and barriers and facilitators to student acceptability. Student acceptability ratings were high. Students reported, on average, that the classes helped them better understand themselves and others.ConclusionSome identified needs for future MBIs include (1) the need for culturally sensitive, trauma-informed delivery strategies; (2) teachers’ desire for more support in content delivery; and (3) students’ desire to have their own teachers deliver the curriculum. Findings elucidate the nuances associated with implementing an MBI in a rural middle school and have notable implications for development, scalability, and sustainability.
Light at night exposure and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Luo Zining , Liu Zhenglong , Chen Hongjie , Liu Ying , Tang Nenghuan , Li Haoran 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of light at night (LAN) exposure on the risk of breast cancer across varying factors.MethodWe conducted a systematic search of literature up to July 15, 2023, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases, using keywords related to breast cancer and LAN exposure. Cohort study and case–control study literature on night light exposure and breast cancer risk were included. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata software version 17.0. To address heterogeneity among different studies, we employed a random-effects model for analysis and assessed publication bias using funnel plots and Egger’s test.ResultsWe included 13 case–control and 8 cohort studies with 734,372 participants worldwide. In the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessments, the average score was 7.43 (ranging from 5 to 9). The overall meta-analysis demonstrated a significant association between exposure to LAN and risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06–1.17; I2 = 31.3%, p &lt; 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, the results of the analysis for study types (case–control studies: RR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.06–1.27; I2 = 40.4%, p = 0.001; cohort studies: RR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04–1.14; I2 = 0.0%, p &lt; 0.001) and the results for light exposure types (outdoor LAN: RR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02–1.13; I2 = 30.9%, p = 0.004) are presented. In the analysis conducted for continents, the highest breast cancer risk was observed in the Asian population (Asian: RR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.15–1.34; I2 = 0.0%, p &lt; 0.001) and in the analysis of estrogen receptor status (ER+: RR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03–1.18; I2 = 17.0%, p = 0.005;). We also conducted an analysis on menopausal status and various lifestyles but did not find any statistically significant findings.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that LAN exposure is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, particularly in the Asian population. Among the existing hypotheses, the idea that LAN exposure leads to a decrease in melatonin is widely accepted. However, until the mechanism of this effect is clearly elucidated, it is not recommended to take melatonin supplements for breast cancer prevention without medical advice. We hope to conduct more high-quality research, especially concerning the investigation of other environmental confounding factors, to further advance this field.
Exploratory study of the prevalence of food addiction and its relationship with executive functioning, depression, and reinforcement sensitivity in a sample of Mexican adults
Authors: Téllez-Rodríguez Marybeth Alejandra , Amaya-Hernández Adriana , Ortega-Luyando Mayaro , Serrano-Juárez Carlos Alberto , Yáñez-Téllez Guillermina , López-Alonso Verónica Elsa , Mancilla-Diaz Juan Manuel , Escartín-Pérez Rodrigo Erick 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe study of food addiction (FA) has become relevant due to its high prevalence, the negative impact on quality of life, and its association with neuropsychological and psychiatric symptoms. Several studies have provided scientific support for these associations, however, the results are contradictory. Additionally, studies have unsuccessfully elucidated the true nature of the failures in executive functioning in people with FA symptomatology, particularly when it comes to executive deficits. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to establish whether the presence of executive dysfunction, depressive symptoms and binge eating problems, as well as high reward sensitivity entails a greater severity in FA traits and high body mass index (BMI) in a sample of Mexican adults.MethodsThe sample consisted of Mexican men and women between 21–59 years (n = 36); who completed self-report questionnaires and performance tests to measure the study variables. Additionally, BMI was estimated with self-reported height and weight.ResultsOur results showed that a high number of FA symptoms were associated with higher executive dysfunction scores, greater reward sensitivity, and more severe depressive and binge eating problems. Furthermore, factors that are more strongly associated with higher scores of FA include severe executive deficits, greater activation of the punishment avoidance system, and persistence in the search for reward when the depressive symptoms increased. The factors that best explained changes in the estimated BMI of women were a decreased crystallized intellectual capacity and the inability to control food intake as the number of FA symptoms increased.DiscussionIn summary, the cognitive functioning profile characterized by general failure of the executive functioning, as well as a greater activation of the Punishment Avoidance System and persistence in the search for reward, were associated with greater severity of FA symptoms, especially when the depressive symptomatology was severe. In parallel, the psychopathology in participants associated with FA confirms the contribution of anxious and depressive symptomatology and borderline personality traits which could facilitate the expression of clinically relevant FA symptoms in women. Finally, we found that decreased crystallized intellectual capacity and inability to control food intake were linked to higher BMI when the number of FA symptoms increased.
PM2.5 pollution in Texas: a geospatial analysis of health impact functions
Authors: Bryan Luke , Landrigan Philip 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundAir pollution is the greatest environmental threat to human health in the world today and is responsible for an estimated 7–9 million deaths annually. One of the most damaging air pollutants is PM2.5 pollution, fine airborne particulate matter under 2.5 microns in diameter. Exposure to PM2.5 pollution can cause premature death, heart disease, lung cancer, stroke, diabetes, asthma, low birthweight, and IQ loss. To avoid these adverse health effects, the WHO recommends that PM2.5 levels not exceed 5 μg/m3.MethodsThis study estimates the negative health impacts of PM2.5 pollution in Texas in 2016. Local exposure estimates were calculated at the census tract level using the EPA’s BenMAP-CE software. In BenMAP, a variety of exposure-response functions combine air pollution exposure data with population data and county-level disease and death data to estimate the number of health effects attributable to PM2.5 pollution for each census tract. The health effects investigated were mortality, low birthweight, stroke, new onset asthma, new onset Alzheimer’s, and non-fatal lung cancer.FindingsThis study found that approximately 26.7 million (98.9%) of the 27.0 million people living in Texas in 2016 resided in areas where PM2.5 concentrations were above the WHO recommendation of 5 μg/m3, and that 2.6 million people (9.8%) lived in areas where the average PM2.5 concentration exceeded 10 μg/m3. This study estimates that there were 8,405 (confidence interval [CI], 5,674–11,033) premature deaths due to PM2.5 pollution in Texas in 2016, comprising 4.3% of all deaths. Statewide increases in air-pollution-related morbidity and mortality were seen for stroke (2,209 – CI: [576, 3,776]), low birthweight (2,841 – CI: [1,696, 3,925]), non-fatal lung cancers (636 – CI: [219, 980]), new onset Alzheimer’s disease (24,575 – CI: [20,800, 27,540]), and new onset asthma (7,823 – CI: [7,557, 8,079]).ConclusionThis study found that air pollution poses significant risks to the health of Texans, despite the fact that pollution levels across most of the state comply with the EPA standard for PM2.5 pollution of 12 μg/m3. Improving air quality in Texas could save thousands of lives from disease, disability, and premature death.
Dietary restriction inhibits bone formation in alveolar bone modeling and remodelling
Authors: Garat Juan Abel , Romano Silvia , Odstrcil Ana Aybar 
Published: December 2023

Objective: Methods: Balb/C mice weaned at the age of 21 days were assigned to one of the following groups: control group fed a regular hard diet ad libitum (food consumption was measured daily), and dietary restricted group (DR) received 75% of the amount of food consumed by the respective control mice the previous day. Body weight of all animals was recorded throughout. Mice were euthanized in groups of ten at 25 and 60 days of experience. Mandibles were dissected, descalcified in EDTA and embedded in paraffin. Buccolingual sections of the mesial root of the first lower molar were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and submitted to histomorphometric studies. Results: At 25 days, DR mice shows bone formation values lower than control animals for modeling and remodeling sides, coupled to an increase with bone at rest values in the modeling side. At 60 days, DR mice shows bone formation values lower than control animals in the modeling side linked with a similar increase in values corresponding to bone resorption and bone at rest. In the remodeling side, no differences in bone formation were observed between control and DR mice. However, high bone resorption and a decrease in bone at rest areas were observed. Conclusions: Dietery restriction impaires bone formation in physiologic alveolar bone modeling and remodeling.
Avaliação dos impactos da obesidade infantil na saúde do adulto: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: De Resende Gabriella Costa , Castilhos Estela Macias , Ravazi Gabriela Franzin , Magalhães Paula de Carvalho , Menegassi Thaís Veiga , Rodrigues Mariana Rocio , De Resende Isabella Costa 
Published: December 2023

A obesidade é considera um problema de saúde pública global. Esse distúrbio nutricional é prevalente na infância, possui etiologia multifatorial e ocasiona diversos impactos negativos para a comunidade. As consequências ocasionadas pelo excesso de peso nas primeiras fases da vida podem evoluir até a idade adulta. O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar os impactos da obesidade infantil na saúde do adulto. Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados virtuais Scielo e Pubmed, utilizando palavras-chave e delimitando critérios de inclusão e de exclusão. Encontrou-se 62 artigos, porém apenas 41 satisfizeram os critérios estabelecidos e foram utilizados no estudo de revisão. Dentre as complicações da obesidade infantil encontradas, é importante citar as doenças cardiovasculares, hipertensão, dislipidemias, disfunções renais, tumores malignos, alterações musculoesqueléticas. Assim, foi estabelecida uma relação entre a obesidade infantil e complicações na saúde do adulto.
Tratamentos conservadores da polpa e sua aplicabilidade: revisão de literatura
Authors: Rangel Lorena Souza , Santos Ana Paula Feitosa , Reis Cind Lauren Araujo , Andressa Cristina dos Santos  , Ribeiro Yuri Jivago Silva , Ribeiro Michael Ranyeri Garcia , Carvalho Roberta Furtado , Gritti Giovanna Cunha 
Published: December 2023

A terapia pulpar de natureza conservadora é um tipo de abordagem terapêutica cujo objetivo é preservar a integridade do conjunto pulpar lesionado, facilitando o reparo do tecido pulpar. O presente artigo tem como finalidade abordar, através de uma revisão de literatura, os tratamentos conservadores da polpa dental disponíveis na busca da preservação da vitalidade pulpar, considerando suas indicações, materiais e técnicas utilizadas para este fim. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi desenvolvida nas bases de dados SCIELO, PUBMED e LILACS, onde buscou-se por artigos publicados no perído de 2015 a 2023, através das palavras-chave: Tratamento conservador, Endodontia, Hidróxido de Cálcio, Pulpotomia. A busca dos dados resultou em artigos para compor os resultados do referente estudo. A preservação da vitalidade pulpar é de fundamental importância, pois a polpa mantém sua atividade funcional, dentre as técnicas utilizadas a pulpotomia tem se destacado com um bom prognóstico. O sucesso das abordagens conservadoras está estreitamente ligado à avaliação clínica das condições biológicas da polpa, à habilidade do profissional e aos materiais utilizados.