bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the petrogenesis of alkaline silicate rocks at the Sevattur Carbonatite Complex, India
Authors: Shinde Swastik D. , Dey Monojit , Bhattacharjee Sourav , Pandey Rohit , Rao Nittala V. Chalapathi , Mukherjee Sneha , Sorcar Nilanjana , Joshi Kumar B. , Pal Supratim , Chakrabarty Aniket 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This study investigates the evolution of alkaline silicate rocks in the Southeast of the Sevattur Carbonatite Complex, intruding granite gneiss country rock. These rocks include monzodiorite, monzonite, syenite, albitite, and granite, alongside ultramafic enclaves known as pyroxene hornblendite. The present work unveils the intricate fractional crystallization processes within an alkali-rich basaltic magma system supported by mineralogical and geochemical studies. Mafic minerals such as diopside, pargasite, interstitial magnetite, and ilmenite indicate early cumulate textures forming at high temperatures. Amphibole and diopside alongside apatite inclusions suggest the presence of alkalis, fluorine, phosphorus and H2O in the primary magma. A coherent mineralogical and geochemical continuum from pyroxene hornblendite to monzodiorite, monzonite, and syenite with decreasing temperatures indicates fractional crystallization from a common primary magma. Furthermore, the absence of chilled margins and distinct boundaries dismisses a xenolithic origin for pyroxene hornblendite. The formation of granite, likely occurring during late-magmatic to hydrothermal stages, is characterized by K-feldspar, albite, and quartz, with clinozoisite and chlorite. Albitite occurrences as pegmatitic veins in syenite monzonite with shared geochemical traits with syenite and monzonite, suggesting a late-stage derivation from a common magma. Notably, these rocks lack the characteristic alkali-rich mineral assemblages, dispelling the notion of fenitization.
Single nucleotide polymorphism SNP19140160 A&gt;C is a potential breeding locus for fast-growth largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Hua Jixiang , Zhong Chunyi , Chen Wenhua , Fu Jianjun , Wang Qingchun , Zhu Geyan , Li Yan , Tao Yifan , Zhang Maoyou , Dong Yalun , Lu Siqi , Liu Wenting , Qiang Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) has significant economic value as a high-yielding fish species in China’s freshwater aquaculture industry. Determining the major genes related to growth traits and identifying molecular markers associated with these traits serve as the foundation for breeding strategies involving gene pyramiding. In this study, using restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci potentially associated with extreme growth differences between fast-growth and slow-growth groups in the F1 generation of a largemouth bass population.
Results
We subsequently identified associations between these loci and specific candidate genes related to four key growth traits (body weight, body length, body height, and body thickness) based on SNP genotyping. In total, 4,196,486 high-quality SNPs were distributed across 23 chromosomes. Using a population-specific genotype frequency threshold of 0.7, we identified 30 potential SNPs associated with growth traits. Among the 30 SNPs, three SNPs (SNP9639603, SNP9639605, and SNP23355498) were significantly correlated with one trait, body length, in the F1 generation, and one SNP (SNP19140160) was significantly linked with four traits (body weight, height, length, and thickness) in the F1 generation. Two potential genes were identified at the loci of the related markers, with fam174b being closely linked with growth, development, and feeding. The average body weight of the group with four dominant genotypes at these SNP loci in the F1 generation population (703.86 g) was 19.63% higher than that of the group without dominant genotypes at these loci (588.36 g).
Conclusions
Thus, these four markers could be used to construct a population with dominant genotypes at loci related to fast growth. These findings demonstrate how markers can be used to identify genes related to fast growth, and will be useful for molecular marker-assisted selection breeding of high-quality largemouth bass.
Protective effects of vacuum sealing techniques on intracranial drainage-associated infections
Authors: Yuan Xuhui , Hou Xianzeng , Qi Jianfeng , Liu Zexiang , Wang Xu , Wang Jianjun , Zhou Peng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background. External craniocerebral drain (ECD)-associated intracranial infections have high incidence rates in neurological intensive care patients. At present, it has been reported in the literature that the infection rate associated with external ventricular drainage (EVD) ranges between 1% and 40%. The incidence of ECD infections is higher than that of EVD-related infections. We sought to determine whether the infection rate associated with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) would be lower than that associated with standard traditional dressings. This retrospective analysis compared the differences in the infection rates between the two techniques.
Methods. A total of 202 patients (aged 18-85 years, mean 60.7 years) were included in the final analysis. We compared the intracranial infection rates between 121 patients with standard conventional dressings and 81 patients with VSD by testing their cerebrospinal fluid.
Results. The intracranial infection rate was 15.45% in the traditional standard dressing group and 1.38% in the VSD group. The onset time of intracranial infection was the highest on days 4 and 5, with 6 cases each.
Conclusions. Compared with the conventionaltreatment of ECD-related wounds, the application of VSD to ECD wounds provides superior protection from the development of ECD-related infections. In this small contemporary series of patients, the infection rate following VSD placement according to one protocol was 1.38%.
Investigation of Phytochemical and Enzymatic Characteristics of Quinoa in an Intercropping Production System with Maize in Response to Mycorrhiza and Phosphorus Fertilizer
Authors: Rostami Tayebe , Abbasdokht Hamid , Makarian Hassan , Gholipoor Manouchehr , karimzadehasl khalil 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Using bio-fertilizers such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in mixed cropping systems is a new sustainable method for improving crop growth and phytochemical product. Two location field experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of three levels of phosphorus fertilizer: control, 50 kg ha-1, and 100 kg ha-1, and Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi at two levels: M1 (no mycorrhiza) and M2 (use of mycorrhiza) on total phenolic, tannin, flavonoids, saponin compounds, The amount of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POX, SOD), and phytic acid of quinoa in intercropping with maize. Different cropping ratios included quinoa mono culture and replacement intercrop ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 25:75 (maize: quinoa). The results showed the treatments used significantly affected the biochemical traits of tannin, saponin, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and phytic acid in quinoa. According to our results, the quinoa phytochemical traits were affected by experimental treatments and increased significantly in intercropping patterns after applying phosphorus fertilizer and AMF. The highest amounts of flavonoids (66.80 mggr-1), TPC (40.57 mggr-1), tannin (0.49 mggr-1), saponin (14.2 mg of saponin per gram of dry feed), antioxidant activity (79.85%), and phytic acid (3.8%) of quinoa were achieved in a 50:50 intercropping ratio by use of AMF. In general, use of AMF in a cropping ratio of 50/50 proposed to approach for phytochemical characteristics such as phenolic component and antioxidant activity and phytic acid and reducing harmful compounds such as saponin in quinoa under the use of 50 kg ha-1 phosphorus fertilizer.
Bridging the gap in harm reduction using Mobile Overdose Response Services (MORS) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.
Authors: Seo Boogyung , Rioux William , Rider Nathan , Teare Adrian , Jones Stephanie , Taplay Pamela , Ghosh S. Monty 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic introduced a myriad of challenges for accessing healthcare services, especially for people who use substances (PWUS). Numerous supervised consumption sites (SCS) across Canada faced shutdowns and reduced operating capacity in order to comply with public health measures, which has exacerbated the mortality rates associated with opioid toxicity. In an effort to reduce the harms associated with these dual public health crises, Mobile Overdose Response Services (MORS) were introduced to allow PWUS to consume substances under virtual supervision. Here, we examine the role of MORS in the context of the pandemic. A total of 59 semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant interest groups, including PWUS, health care providers, harm reduction workers, and operational experts. Major themes and subthemes were identified using inductive thematic analysis informed by grounded theory. Overall, participants felt that the COVID-19 pandemic shifted the public focus away from harm reduction and neglected the needs of PWUS. MORS were regarded as a useful tool to mitigate the closure/reduced capacity of physical SCS, prevent the transmission of COVID-19, and help alleviate the prevailing sense of isolation during public health crises. MORS were seen as a useful and much-necessary adjunct service to address the unmet needs of physical SCS during the pandemic and beyond.
Strength and Stiffness Forecasting of mechanically altered Black Cotton Soil and Red Soil using ANN Principles
Authors: Alisha Shaik Subhan , Venkateswarlu DUMPA , Sreenivas VEMU 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent years, in developing nations, importance of village roads with sustainable and low-cost are gaining importance. In this study an attempt has been made to understand the strength and stiffness of mechanically altered soils. The locally available Lateritic soil and black cotton soil can be used in the construction field to improve the properties of soils for building foundations, roadways, and other engineering structures. The main goal of this study was to investigate the effects of mixing different percentages of red soil and black cotton soils on the physical and mechanical properties of the blended soil. Experimental investigation was carried to determine various properties such as shear strength, compressibility, water content, and differential swell index, of blended soils. The results of these tests were then compared to the properties of the individual soils to determine the effects of mechanically alteration on the overall properties of the soil. This experiment is important in the construction field as it allows engineers and contractors to determine the optimal mix of soils for specific construction projects. This experiment can be used to improve the overall soil quality in construction sites, which can lead to cost savings and improved durability of structures built on the site. Finally, the results thus obtained are trained to an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and the relation between the engineering properties, UCS, and CBR are obtained. The prediction models show higher performance with correlation coefficients of 0.986 and 0.980, respectively. Overall, the blending of red soil and black cotton soil is an important experiment in the construction field that provides valuable information on the properties of blended soils and how they can be used in construction projects to improve the overall quality, durability, and stability of engineering structures.
Analysis of clinical factors impacting recurrence in myxofibrosarcoma
Authors: chen wenlin , sun ye , wei Yongzhong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a malignant fibroblastic/myofibroblastic neoplasm with the prominent myxoid area. It has the clinical features of frequent local recurrence (LR) and occasional distant metastasis. Robust epidemiological data of China on MFS are lacking. The aim of this retrospective analysis is to understand the natural history of MFS and aim to identify prognostic factors of recurrence and describe real-life outcomes of MFS.
Methods
We reviewed 52 patients with primary MFS from the first affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and diagnosed between 2016 and 2020. All tumors were retrospectively univariate analyzed for prognostic factors of the disease, including tumor size, grade, location and gender, patient age, planned operation, surgical margin and laboratory results. Then the significant factors of univariate analysis were analyzed by multivariate analysis. Overall survival (OS), post-treatment LR and metastatic-free survival were assessed as outcomes.
Results
Median age was 61 years (range, 13–93). Fourteen (26.92%) were low grade, 38 (73.08%) were high grade. 29 males, 23 females, 15 cases(28.85%) occurred in the trunk and 37 ༈71.15%༉cases in the extremities, 26 received planned surgery and 26 underwent an unexpected operation. The margin was negative in 39 ༈75%༉cases and positive in 13 cases༈25%༉. Serum creatine kinase (CK) was high level in 33(63.46%) cases and low level in 19(36.54%) cases. LR occurred in 25 cases༈48.08%༉ and metastasis in 4 cases. A worse LR rate was found in low CK level (84.21%) than in the high CK level (27.27%) at 5 years (p ༜0.05). The LR rate of patients undergoing planned surgery was lower than that of patients undergoing unplanned surgery (p ༜0.05). The patients with positive margin were significantly higher than that of patients with negative margin (92.30%,33.33%, respectively, p ༜0.05). And tumors recorded as superficial were also associated with higher recurrence rate of 2/20 (10%) when compared to deep tumors, at 23/32 (71.86%) (p ༜0.05).
Conclusions
The probability of LR of MFS was significantly higher in patients with unplanned operation, positive margin, low serum CK levels and superficial tumor depth. These data could help identify a high-risk patient group, thus selecting a more careful follow-up for higher-risk patients. Diagnosis and treatment in qualified regular medical centers can reduce the local recurrence rate of MFS.
Expression characteristics of the Cyp19a1b aromatase gene and its response to 17β-estradiol treatment in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Zhang Dongyun , Tian Taihang , Han Linqiang , Du Jingxing , Zhu Tao , Lei Caixia , Song Hongmei , Li Shengjie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To investigate the regulatory role of the Cyp19a1b aromatase gene in the sexual differentiation of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides, LMB), we obtained the full-length cDNA sequence of Cyp19a1b using rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. Tissue expression characteristics and feedback with 17-β-estradiol (E2) were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), while gonad development was assessed through histological section observations. The cDNA sequence of LMB Cyp19a1b was found to be1950 base pairs (bp) in length, including a 5' untranslated region of 145 bp, a 3' untranslated region of 278 bp, and an open reading frame encoding a protein consisting of 1527 bp that encoded 508 amino acids. The qRT-PCR results indicated that Cyp19a1b abundantly expressed in the brain, followed by the gonads, and its expression in the ovaries was significantly higher than that observed in the testes. (P < 0.05). After feeding fish with E2 for 30 days, the expression of Cyp19a1b in the pseudo-females gonads (XY-F) was significantly higher than that in males (XY-M) (P < 0.05), whereas expression did not differ significantly between female (XX-F) and XY-M fish (P > 0.05). Although the expression of Cyp19a1b in XY-F and XX-F fish was not significantly different after 60 days (P > 0.05), both exhibited significantly higher levels than that of XY-M fish (P < 0.05). Histological sections analysis showed the presence of oogonia in both XY-F and XX-F fish at 30 days, while spermatogonia were observed in XY-M fish. At 60 days, primary oocytes were abundantly observed in both XY-F and XX-F fish, while a few spermatogonia were visible in XY-M fish. At 90 days, the histological sections results showed that a large number of oocytes were visible in XY-F and XX-F fish. Additionally, the gonads of XY-M fish contained numerous spermatocytes. These results suggest that Cyp19a1b plays a pivotal role in the development of ovaries and nervous system development in LMB.
Clinical evaluation of AI-assisted muscle ultrasound for monitoring muscle wasting in ICU patients
Authors: Nhat Phung Tran Huy , Van Hao Nguyen , Lam Minh Yen , Nguyen Hoang Anh , Dong Phu Khiem , Kerdegari Hamideh , Le Thanh Phuong , Vo Tan Hoang , Nguyen Thanh Ngoc , Le Ngoc Minh Thu , Truong Ngoc Trung , Pisani Luigi , Razavi Reza , Yacoub Sophie , Nguyen Van Vinh Chau , King Andrew P. , Thwaites Louise , Denehy Linda , Gomez Alberto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Muscle ultrasound has been shown to be a valid and safe imaging modality to assess muscle wasting in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). This typically involves manual delineation to measure the Rectus Femoris cross-sectional area (RFCSA), which is a subjective, time-consuming, and laborious task that requires significant expertise. We aimed to develop and evaluate an AI tool to support non-expert operators in measurement of the RFCSA using muscle ultrasound.
Method
This is a prospective study conducted in the ICU at the Hospital of Tropical Diseases (HTD), Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. Patients diagnosed with severe tetanus underwent three muscle ultrasound examinations of their Rectus Femoris muscle (on day 1, day 7 and ICU discharge). Patients were randomized to undergo the examinations performed by a group of non-expert users, with or without an AI tool for assistance.
Results
Twenty patients were recruited at the Adult ICU at HTD between Feb 2023 and July 2023 and were randomized sequentially to operators using AI (n = 10) or non-AI (n = 10). The median (IQR) ICU stay was 23 days (IQR 20–30). Muscle loss during ICU stay was similar for both methods: 26 ± 15% for AI and 23 ± 11% for the non-AI, respectively (p = 0.13). In total 59 ultrasound examinations were carried out (30 without AI and 29 with AI). When assisted by our AI tool, the operators showed less variability between measurements with higher intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs 0.999 95%CI 0.998–0.999 vs. 0.982 95%CI 0.962–0.993) and lower Bland Altman limits of agreement (± 1.9% vs. ± 6.6%) compared to not using the AI tool. The time spent on scans reduced significantly from a median of 19.6 mins (IQR 16.9–21.7) to 9.4 mins (IQR 7.2–11.7) compared to when using the AI tool (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
AI-assisted muscle ultrasound removes the need for manual tracing, increases reproducibility and saves time. This system may aid monitoring muscle size in ICU patients assisting rehabilitation programmes.
Fabrication of Ammonia Gas Sensor Using In Situ Synthesis of Polypyrrole-Zinc Oxide Nanorod Nanocomposites on Textiles
Authors: Maity Debasis , Kumar D. Ranjith , Kumar Ramasamy Thangavelu Rajendra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A flexible textile modified with Polypyrrole and ZnO was fabricated through a polymerization process, effectively converting an insulating textile into a conductive one. The resulting modified textile was thoroughly characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and contact angle measurement. The performance of the sensor was evaluated for its ability to detect ammonia vapors at room temperature by measuring changes in resistance. The presence of ZnO significantly enhanced the sensor's performance, resulting in a 21.8% increase in sensitivity towards 20 ppm of ammonia. Notably, the sensor exhibited selectivity towards ammonia with a rapid response time of 24 seconds and a recovery time of 118 seconds for continuous measurements over 20 cycles. It also displayed excellent linearity across different concentrations of ammonia, ranging from 20 to 100 ppm. The ammonia sensing mechanism was elucidated based on the formation of a p-n junction between polypyrrole and ZnO, along with the potentization of polypyrrole. This understanding of the sensing mechanism is crucial for optimizing the sensor's performance and sensitivity. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrated minimal impact from humidity levels within the range of 23% to 86%, indicating its robust stability over a prolonged period of seven weeks. This characteristic ensures reliable and consistent sensing capabilities in various environmental conditions.
An evolutionary view of the Fusarium genome
Authors: Gomez-Chavarria Daniel A. , Rua-Giraldo Alvaro L. , Alzate Juan F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Fusarium is an Ascomycota with several relevant pathogenic species of plants and animals. Some phytopathogenic species have received special attention due to their negative economic impact on the agricultural industry around the world. Traditionally, identification and taxonomic analysis of Fusarium have relied on morphological and phenotypic features, including the hosts of the fungus, leading to taxonomic conflicts that have been solved using molecular systematic technologies. In this work, we applied a phylogenomic approach that allowed us to resolve the evolutionary history of the species complexes of the genus and present evidence that supports the F. ventricosum species complex as the most basal lineage of the genus. Additionally, we present evidence that proposes modifications to the previous hypothesis of the evolutionary history of the F. staphyleae, F. newnesense, F. nisikadoi, F. oxysporum, and F. fujikuroi species complexes. Evolutionary analysis showed that the genome GC content have a tendency to be lower in more modern lineages, below 49.3%, while genome size gain and losses are present during the evolution of the genus. Interestingly core genome duplication events have a positive correlation with the genome size. Evolutionary and genome conservation analysis supports the F3 hypothesis of Fusarium as a more compact and conserved group in terms of genome conservation. By contrast the most basal clades, outside the F3 hypothesis only share 8.8% of its genomic sequences with the F3 clade.
Coexistence of chiral phonons and antiferroelectricity in breathing kagome semiconductor Nb3I8 at room-temperature
Authors: Duan Chun-Gang , Hong Jin , Sui Fengrui , Wang Kaiqi , Han Xin , Zheng Yufan , Tong Wen-yi , Deng Xing , Guan Zhao , Tian Bobo , Qi Ruijuan , Huang Rong , Zhong Ni , Peng Hui , Yue Fangyu , Chu Junhao , Shi Youguo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Searching for a material platform to realize the control of chiral phonons relevant to the ferroics is practically significant for information application including novel phononic devices1,2. The newly-emerging van der Waals (vdWs) layered breathing kagome semiconductor Nb3X8 (X=Cl, Br, I) featuring a 2D network of corner-sharing triangles is theoretically proposed to possess emergent properties including ferro-electricity/magnetism, and ferrovalley, but lacks of correlative experimental evidences3-6. Here, we visualize the intriguing unconventional atomic arrangement with alternating vdWs gaps in Nb3I8, based on which we confirm the phonon chirality and realize the electric-field induced antiferroelectric-ferroelectric transition at room temperature. The phonon chirality is tied with the circular vibration of breathing lattices, and the origin of the ferroelectricity is from the local net dipole moment reversal due to the size switching of the alternate triangles involving the rearrangements of intralayer ferrielectric-like and interlayer antiferroelectric-like orders. The coexistence of phonon chirality and antiferroelectricity/ferroelectricity in Nb3I8 suggests a promising exploration of multiferroicity in breathing kagome lattices via the control of the phonon chirality, which should be of importance for designing the phonon-based information devices.