bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Botryolepraria, a New Monotypic Genus Segregated From Lepraria
Authors: Canals A. , Hernández-Mariné M. , Gómez-Bolea A. , Llimona X. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe monotypic genus Botryolepraria Canals et al. is described. The type species, B. lesdainii (Hue) Canals et al. is a sterile, cottony, pale green lichen, made of hyphae supporting subterminal bunches of chlorophycean algae.
Strigula Macaronesica, A New Species Of Foliicolous Lichen From Gomera and Madeira
Authors: Sèrusiaux Emmanuël 
Published: September 2002

AbstractStrigula macaronesica Sèrus., a new foliicolous species found in Madeira and Gomera, is distinguished by its almost linear thallus growing along leaf margins or scars and by its unusually small obclavate asci.
Melaspilea Circumserpens NYL. rediscovered and referred to Glonium; with discussion on the provenance of some of Robert Brown's lichen specimens
Authors: Kantvilas G. , Coppins B.J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractMelaspilea circumserpens Nyl., hitherto known only from the type specimen, collected in Tasmania in 1803 by Robert Brown, has been rediscovered. The species has proved to belong to the genus Glonium (Hysteriaceac), previously not known to contain species associated with algae. The new combination Glonium circumserpens (Nyl.) Kantvilas & Coppins is proposed. The anatomy, morphology and ecology of the species are described. Problems regarding the provenance of several lichen specimens collected by Robert Brown are discussed.
Lichenicolous Species of Arthonia on Lobariaceae with Notes on Excluded Taxa
Authors: Wedin Mats , Hafellner Josef 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe species of Arthonia s. lat. (Arthoniales, Ascomycotina) lichenicolous on species of Pseudocyphellaria and other Lobariaceae are revised. Thirteen species are accepted, and eight species are described as new (all from the Southern Hemisphere): Arthonia badia Wedin & Hafeliner, A. coriifoliae Wedin & Hafeilner, A. fiavicantis Wedin & Hafellner, A. maculiformis Wedin & Hafeliner, A. minuta Wedin & Hateliner, A. santessoniana Wedin & Hafellner, ‘A.’ semi-immersa Wedin & Hafeilner, and A. subaggregata Wedin & Hafellner. Comparative notes on additional accepted species previously described from Pseudocyphellaria or other Lobariaceae (A. pelvetii, A. plectocarpozdes, A. pseudocyphellariae, A. stzctaria, and A. subconveniens) are included, and a key to the Arthonia (and similar) species growing on Lobariaceae is presented. The coelomycete genus Subhysteropycnis Wedin & Hafellner is described for the species S. maculiformans Wedin & Hafellner, the macroconidal anamorph of Arthonia badia. The lecanoralean genus Corticiruptor Wedin & Hafeliner is described as new to accommodate the single lichenicolous species C. abeloneae (P. M. Jørg.) Wedin & Hafellner comb. nov., and the additional new combination Plectocarpon linitae (R. Sant.) Wedin & Hafellner is proposed. The names Celidium pelvetii Hepp, Sticta aurata b abortiva Schaer. and Arthonia stictarza Nyl. are lectotypified, and the typifications are discussed.
Coppinsia Minutissima, A New Genus and Species in the Agyriaceae from the British Isles
Authors: Lumbsch H. Thorsten , Heibel Esther 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe genus Coppinsia (lichenized Ascomycetes, Agyriaceae) with the single species C. minutissima sp. nov. is described as new from the British Isles. This minute lichen occurs on soil and bryophytes in metal-rich habitats. It is characterized by a minute thallus, biatorine apothecia with an almost reduced but generally cupulate exciple, slightly branched and apically unthickened paraphyses, a Trapelia-type ascus, and non-septate, ovoid ascospores.
Mapping of Ammonia Pollution with Epiphytic Lichens in the Netherlands
Authors: van Herk C. M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn the Netherlands a monitoring programme is in operation to map the effects of ammonia pollution with epiphytic lichens. The method is presented here and the results are statistically correlated with abiotic data. The abundance of nitrophytes on Quercus robur appears to be a useful parameter. Detailed spatial patterns of ammonia pollution can be obtained with lichens. To avoid interference, it is important to consider other influences, for example dust, climate, exposure, age of the trees and other pollutants.
Are there Lichenized Ostropales?
Authors: Winka Katarina , Ahlberg Carina , Eriksson Ove E. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractOstropales, in a wide sense, currently encompasses Ostropales s. str., with a few lichenized genera, and Graphidales, most of which are lichenized. Conotrema is the only lichenized genus undoubtedly placed in Ostropales s. str. We have sequenced the 18S rRNA gene from some key taxa to answer the questions as to whether one ortwo orders should be recognized and whether Conotrema should be kept in Ostropales if Graphidales is recognized. We have new sequences from Conotrema populorum (Stictidaceae, Ostropales), Cyanodermella viridula (Stictidaceae Ostropales), Graphis scripta (Graphidaceae Graphidales) and Diploschistes ocellatus var. almeriensis (Thelotremataceae Graphidales). In an analysis with 41 taxa, thelichenized D. ocellatus var. almeriensis and G. scripta are the sister group of the lichenized C. populorum and the non-lichenized C. viridula and Stictis radiata. Together they form a monophyletic cluster supported by a bootstrap value of 82%. Therefore, it is possible to use the ordinal name Ostropales in a wide sense to include the Graphidales. If Ostropales are conceived in a narrow sense, Conotrema should be kept in the Stictidaceae. Eight new PCR primer sequences are reported.
Dispersal Strategies in Roccellina Capensis (Arthoniales)
Authors: Lohtander Katileena , Källersjö Mari , Tehler Anders 
Published: September 2002

AbstractMorphological, anatomical, chemical and ecological evidence show that the South African lichen Roccellina capensis (Nyl. ex Stizenb.) Tehler has developed a dispersal strategy with either sexually dispersed individuals, or vegetatively dispersed, sorediate individuals, hence a putative species-pair. The concept ‘species-pair’ is well-known and widely used in lichenology. It refers to closely related, morphologically indistinguishable lichens that differ from each other by their dispersal strategies only. The so-called ‘ primary species ’ produces fruiting bodies and sexual spores, while its counterpart, the ‘ secondary species ’ is vegetatively dispersed by soredia, isidia or fragmentation. Our study uses molecular information to investigate if R. capensis should be treated as a species-pair or not. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA was sequenced for 17 specimens of R. capensis in order to test if sexual and asexual (sorediate) specimens would group into two distinct, monophyletic groups. Such grouping would support their recognition as separate taxa in a species-pair. We also investigated whether the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method would be a suitable procedure in population studies of lichens. The analysis of the ITS region produced a single most parsimonious tree. The sexual and asexual specimens were grouped according to their geographical distribution, rather than according to their dispersal strategy. This result clearly shows that the sexual and asexual specimens ofR. capensis do not represent a species-pair. The RAPD data set produced an almost completely unresolved tree due to several homoplasious characters, possibly a result of algal contamination.
Gyalideopsis Cochlearifer, a New Pantropical, Commensalistic Species on Foliicolous Gomphillaceae
Authors: Lücking Robert , Sérusiaux Emmanuël 
Published: September 2002

AbstractGyalideopsis cochlerifer Lücking & Sérus. sp. nov. is a new, pantropical, commensalistic species restricted to foliicolous representatives of certain genera in the Gomphillaceae. It produces black spathulate hyphophores and small black apothecia.
The Influence of pH and Lichen Metabolites (Vulpinic Acid and (+) Usnic Acid) on the Growth of the Lichen Photobiont Trebouxia Irregularis
Authors: Bačkor M. , Hudá J. , Repčák M. , Ziegler§ W. , Bačkorová M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe quantitative response to two lichen metabolites, vulpinic acid and (+) usnic acid, on biomass production by the photobiont Trebouxia irregularis, isolated from the lichen Cladina mitis, was determined experimentally. The presence of usnic acid resulted in inhibition of photobiont growth, and the effect depended on the pH of the culture medium. The concentration effect of usnic acid was observed. The application of vulpinic acid almost completely inhibited the growth of T.irregularis and no significant differences were found among samples at different medium pH values.
Thallus Organization and Development in the Fruticose Lichen Aspicilia Californica, with Comparisons to other Taxa
Authors: Sanders William B. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThallus organization is examined in Aspicilia californica Rosentreter, fruticose lichen known from several localities in central and southern California. The sprawling, terete thallus branches possess a dense central medulla of thickwalled, longitudinally oriented fungal cells. This central tissue emerges at branch apices to form a darkly pigmented fungal tip. Thallus development involves the apical extension of the tip to produce a fungal tissue over which a cylindrical algal layer and cortex will eventually be formed. Apical branches are initiated by furcation entirely within the fungal tip. Lateral branches, emerging from the lichenized thallus, arise as a divergent bundle of elongate fungal cells originating in the medulla. The photobiont appears to play no direct role in initiation of apical or lateral branches. It is concluded that thallus development in A. californica occurs with a relatively low degree of synchrony between mycobiont and photobiont growth, similar to the pattern observed in crustose lichens with prothallic growth. A rather similar type of thallus organization is observed in A. hispida, although in that species mycobiont growth and branch initiation appear to be somewhat more closely associated with algal cell proliferation. A squamulose Aspicilia from central Spain produces rhizomorphs that may sometimes become invested with an algal layer and cortex, resembling the thallus axes of A. californica.
Ranking of Epiphytic Lichen Sensitivity to Air Pollution Using Survey Data: A Comparison of Indicator Scales
Authors: van Dobben H. F. , ter Braak C. J. F. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractEpiphytic lichens were recorded on wayside trees in the Netherlands. Four statistical methods were used to detect the relationship between presence and abundance of lichen species and measured atmospheric concentrations of SO2, NO2 and NH3. The observed relationships were compared to published indicator scales of lichen sensitivity to atmospheric pollution. For SO2, a good agreement was found between all scales and calculated sensitivities based on presence or absence of species. For NO2 and NH3 the correspondence was less obvious. The sensitivity to NH3 was inversely related to Wirth's;s acidity indicator positively to NH3 tend to be sensitive to SO2 and NO2.
Use of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna Markers as a Tool to Study Variation in Lichen-Forming Fungi
Authors: Murtagh G. J. , Dyer P. S. , McClure P. C. , Crittenden P. D. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA protocol is described to enable the production of reliable genetic fingerprints of lichen-forming fungi using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Key features of the method are the use of mycobiont DNA extracted from axenic cultures by a phenol-chloroform procedure, and PCR amplification using DyNAzyme II DNA polymerase. RAPD-PCR fingerprints of Graphis scripta, G. elegans and Phacographis dendritica were successfully generated using this protocol and individual isolates could be identified on the basis of differences in banding patterns produced. DNA extracted from whole thalli of G. scripia was also subjected to RAPD-PCR but the fingerprints produced differed from those given by axenic cultures of the mycobiont. Therefore difficulties of interpretation may arise when whole thalli are used in RAPD analysis.
Lecanora Paramerae, a New Lichen from Spain
Authors: Martínez Isabel , Aragón Gregorio , Lumbsch H. Thorsten 
Published: September 2002

AbstractLecanora paramerae is described from Central-East Spain. At the only two known localities it grows on Juniperus thurifera trees in the ‘Serranía de Cuenca’ mountains. It is chemically characterized by the presence of 2′-O-methylperlatolic acid in addition to atranorin and psoromic acid. Anatomically, it can be recognized by the presence of large and irregular crystals in the amphithecium, a pulicaris-type epihymenium and broadly ellipsoid ascospores.
On Psoroma Species from the Southern Hemisphere with Cephalodia Producing Vegetative Dispersal Units
Authors: Jørgensen Per M. , Wedin M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractTwo new species of Psoroma with unusual cephalodia are described: P. echinaceum with isidiate cephalodia, from southern South America and P. geminatum with fragile phyllidiate cephalodia, from New Zealand and Australia. These are additional to two previously described species producing dispersal units on their cephalodia, P. durietzii P.James & Henssen (with soredia) and P. aphthosum, Vain. (syn. nov. P. dimorphum Malme) (with isidia). This is a strategy development that ensures successful establishment of new thalli.
Applicability of its Data in Roccellaceae (Arthoniales, Euascomycetes) Phylogeny
Authors: Myllys L. , Lohtander K. , Källersjö M. , Tehler A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe ability of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS regions) of ribosomal DNA to resolve phylogenetic relationships within the euascomycetous order Arthoniales, focusing on the family Roccellaceae was investigated. The effect of alignment on phylogenetic hypotheses was evaluated. A data matrix from the ITS regions was constructed from 33 specimens representing 14 genera, including the outgroup Arthothelium spectabile. Six different alignments were analysed cladistically using parsimony jackknifing. Most groups in the six trees were congruent and well supported under the different alignment settings. In a conservative analysis, where only unambiguously alignable regions were included, the resolution was low. These results indicate that the ITS regions contain phylogenetic structure, and all information, including the variable regions, should be utilised. A data matrix from the SSU rDNA sequences was constructed for the same taxa. The SSU rDNA tree was less resolved than the ITS trees. There were only minor conflicts between the two sources of data and an incongruence test confirmed that the ITS and SSU rDNA data matrices were not significantly incongruent. The six differently aligned data matrices generated from the ITS regions were each combined with the SSUrDNA data. Simultaneous analysis of the combined data sets is the best approach as it uses all available evidence. As with the ITS trees, most groups in the combined trees were congruent and well supported. The SSU rDNA provided resolution within one clade, otherwise the ITS sequences provided most of the signal in the combined analysis, both at the basal nodes and at the tips of the tree. Molecular data clearly indicates that the fruticose/crustose habits have evolved multiple times even in comparatively small groups as in the family Roccellaceae and that the characters such as fruticose-crustose may be overemphasized in morphological analyses.
A Re-Assessment of the Family Alectoriaceae
Authors: Mattsson Jan-Eric , Wedin Mats 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe phylogenetic relationship between the Alectoriaceae and the Parmeliaceae (lichenized ascomycetes) were studied using sequences of the small subunit of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA). The Alectoriaceae was represented by specimens of Alectoria ochroleuca and A. sarmentosa, and the Parmeliaceae by Bryoria capillaris, Cetraria islandica, Cornicularia normoerica, Evernia prunastri, Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia saxatilis, Platismatia glauca, Pleurosticta acetabulum, Usnea florida, Vulpicida juniperina, V. pinastri and Xanthoparmelia conspersa. The results suggest that the Alectoriaceae is derived from within the Parmeliaceae, and it is suggested the families should be treated as synonyms. Morphological and anatomical characters are discussed, and it is concluded that earlier investigations might have overemphasized minor variations in ascus structure.
Codonmyces and Lichenostella, Two New Genera of Lichenicolous Conidial Fungi
Authors: Calatayud Vicent , Etayo Javier 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe new generic names Codonmyces and Lichenostetta are introduced for two new species of conidial fungi. Lichenostella hypotrachynae gen. et sp. nov. is a commensal of Hypotrachyna species, and is mainly characterized by forming black sporodochia with setae and, particularly, by its star-like conidia. Codonmyces lecanorae gen. et. sp. nov. occurs on Lecanora valesiaca and differs from the genus Xanthoriicola by its 1-septate conidia and campanulate conidiogenous cells with several conspicuous, flared annellations. Comments on the ecology of L. valesiaca, and its associated lichens and lichenicolous fungi are also given.
New or Interesting Parmeliella species from the andes and central America
Authors: Jørgensen P. M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe Parmeliella nigrocincta complex in the northern Andean region is discussed. The commonest species, P. miradorensis Vain. (syn. nov. P. nigrocincta var. brasiliensis Malme) is a foliose-squamulose taxon of the Andean mist forests, with a fairly wide distribution. It also reaches the West Indies and Macaronesia. In addition, there is a thick, small-squamulose species with round spores, P. incrassate sp. nov., in the northen Andes. This species occurs at the forest limit, on Polylepis at higher altitudes (to 4500 m) in the same region. Parmeliella nigrocincta s.str. does not appear to occur this far north, and appears to be restricted to more southern parts, mainly in Chile. There is a further species on rocks in the northern Andes, P. saxicola sp. nov., which is closely related to the cold-temperate P. triptophylla. An isidiate species, P. clavulifera sp. nov., is described from Mexico. It is somewhat reminiscent of P. miradorensis, but belongs in the P. pannosa complex. Lectotypes for P. miradorensis Vain, and P. nigrocincta var brasiliensis Malme have been selected.
Revision of the Buellia Epigaea-group (Lichenized Ascomycetes, Physciaceae) 2. The Species in Australia
Authors: Trinkaus Ulrike , Mayrhofer Helmut , Elix John A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThree species of the Buellia epigaea-group, Buellia dijiana Trinkaus, Buellia georgei Trinkaus, Mayrhofer & Elix, and Buellia lobata Trinkaus & Elix, are described as new from Australia. The taxonomy, morphology, anatomy, chemistry, biogeography, and ecology of the three taxa are discussed. Characters which distinguish these species from the corresponding taxa in the northern hemisphere include secondary compounds (presence of xanthones) and filiform conidia. An extended key is provided for the whole Buellia epigaea group as well as other terricolous species of the genus.
The Lichens of Disused World War 2 Airfields
Authors: Gilbert Oliver 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe lichen communities on 50 disused military airfields were surveyed. The habitats involve saxicolous communities growing on horizontal concrete and tarmac surfaces, and terricolous ones found on spreads of gritty soil. About 150 lichens were encountered. Some, such as Caloplaca crenulatella, had been seriously over-looked, others are local, for example Caloplaca ceracea, Leptogium britannicum, L. corniculatum, Peltigera neckeri and Phaeophyscia sciastra, while Staurothele frustulenta was the first correctly identified specimen from Britain. Tarmac surfaces in the north and west are characterized by rich assemblages of Parmelia s. lat. species and have affinities with communities occurring on basalt; tarmac ones in the east support an undescribed community; while terricolous communities have similarities with those present on sand dune. Fifty-year-old associations on concrete match two already described from limestone. Disused airfields represent a major overlooked lichen resource.
Micarea Viridileprosa Sp. Nov., An Overlooked Lichen Species from Western Europe
Authors: van den Boom P. P. G. , Coppins B. J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA new lichen species, Micarea viridileprosa, is described from western Europe, where it is locally very common. This species, which has previously been much overlooked, is corticolous, lignicolous and terricolous and is usually found sterile. Some specimens of the new species were formerly included in Micarea prasina,. The new combination Micarea levicula (Nyl.) Coppins is made for Lecidea levicula Nyl. from Cuba.
Further Notes on Calicioid Lichens and Fungi From the Gongga Mountains (Sichuan, China)
Authors: Titov Alexander 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThree new species, Chaenothecopsis eugenia, Chaenothecopsis vinosa and Chaenothecopsis weiana are described from the Gongga Mountains in China. Chaenothecopsis pibsa is reported as new to Eurasia, and Chaenotheca sphaerocephala as new to Asia. Three genera, Cyphelium, Pyrgidium and Stenocybe, and 13 species are reported as new to China. Descriptions and illustrations of the new species are presented along with data on their habitat ecology and distribution.
Four New Asian Species in the Lichen Genus Pannaria
Authors: Jørgensen Per M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThree new species which have previously been confused with Pannaria rubiginosa are described. The first, Pannaria complanata sp. nov., from southern India, has a possibly subtropical Afro-Asian distribution, the second, Pannaria emodii sp. nov., may be restricted to the eastern Himalayas from Bhutan to Sichuan China, and the third, Pannaria ramulosa sp. nov. is known only from Java. The last two species are both related to Pannaria asahinae P. M. Jørg. from Japan. A fourth new species from southern Taiwan, the isidiate Pannaria formosana, is closely related to Pannaria ramosa Vain., a little known species from the Philippines.
Contributions to the lichen flora of the Lakshadweep (Laccadive) Islands, India
Authors: Makhija Urmila , Adawadkar Bharati 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe first lichen records from the Lakshadweep (Laccadive) Islands are presented.Lithothelium insulare (Pyrenulaceae) is described as new and nine other taxa are reported. The poor lichen flora, dominated by pantropical species, is probably a result of the lack of natural habitats in this area.
Coniarthonia, a new genus of arthonioid lichens
Authors: Grube Martin 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe new genus Coniarthonia is described to accommodate a group of species previously placed in Anhonia and Arthotheliwn. Crystallized red pigments that are distributed throughout hydrophobic ascomatal structures are characteristic of the new genus, which includes species with both muriform and transversely septate ascospores. Coniarthonia erythrocarpa, C. gregarina, C. pulchernma, C. pyrrhula and C. ivilmsiana are new combinations, and C. haematodea is new to science. Two subgroups are distinguished in the genus: the C. pyrrhula group, with larger ascospores, and the C. pulckcrruna group, which has comparatively small, one-septate ascospores. The reddish compounds are characterized by TLC. A key to the species is provided.
Micarea neostipitata, a new species with pale stipitate pycnidia from eastern North America
Authors: Coppins B.J. , May P.F. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractMicarea neostipitata sp. nov. is described from conifer trunks in conifer woodlands and bogs in eastern U.S.A. It is superficially similar to M.stipitata, but differs from that and other related species in having minute crystalline inspersions in the hymenium and pycnidial wall, which apparently belong to lobaric acid, shorter conidia, and in possessing fumarprotocetraric acid in the thallus.