bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiofrequency Excision versus Monopolar Electrosurgical Excision for Tonsillectomy
Authors: Littlefield Philip D. , Hall Daniel J. , Holtel Michael R. 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:We previously compared radiofrequency (Evac) tonsillotomy with monopolar electrosurgical (Bovie) tonsillectomy and showed significantly less pain with the Evac. Tonsillotomy leaves a cuff of tonsil behind, the significance of which is unknown. We hypothesize that Evac tonsillectomy also is less painful than Bovie tonsillectomy.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We compared Evac (ENTec Evac 70; ArthroCare, Sunnyvale, CA) and Bovie tonsillectomy in a prospective, blinded fashion. Each participant had 1 tonsil removed by each device. We recorded, by side, the surgical time, blood loss, operative difficulty, pain (postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14), and the side that each patient preferred.RESULTS:Data were analyzed for 17 patients. They reported significantly less pain with the Evac (P < 0.036, F = 5.87). The Evac was preferred by 12 of 14 patients.CONCLUSION:Evac tonsillectomy is significantly less painful than Bovie tonsillectomy. Patients blinded to treatment preferred the Evac technique.SIGNIFICANCE:The Evac device decreases postoperative pain.
Primary versus Secondary Tracheoesophageal Puncture for Speech Rehabilitation in Total Laryngectomy: Long‐Term Results with Indwelling Voice Prosthesis
Authors: Chone Carlos T. , Gripp Flávio M. , Spina Ana L. , Crespo Agricio N. 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the long‐term use of indwelling Blom‐Singer voice prosthesis (VP) for vocal rehabilitation of patients submitted to total laryngectomy (TL). The influence of the timing (primary or secondary) of tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP), use of radiotherapy (xRT), patient age, and length of follow‐up were studied to evaluate the success rate of VP use.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Prospective clinical study in a tertiary referral center. Seventy‐one patients were submitted to TL and rehabilitated with indwelling VP. All patients were evaluated for vocal functional issues by an otolaryngologist and a speech pathologist at 1 month, then at every 3 months up to 1 year, and then at every 6 months after 1 year of follow‐up. The relative data on time of placement of VP, time of VP use, xRT, age, length of follow‐up, and life span of each VP were recorded during the follow‐up.RESULTS:Eighty‐seven percent of the patients underwent primary and 13%, secondary TEP. The follow‐up varied from 12 to 87 months, with an average of 38 months for primary and 51 months for secondary TEP. Fifty‐nine percent of the patients were submitted to xRT. The general rate of success was 94%, with 97% for primary and 78% (P = 0.07) for secondary TEP; after 2 years, the success rate was 96% for primary and 75% for secondary (P = 0.07) TEP. The use of xRT and patient age had no influence on the success of VP use for primary and secondary TEP, independently of the length of follow‐up.CONCLUSIONS:The success rate of voice rehabilitation with VP was 94%. In primary TEP, the success rate was 97%, whereas in secondary TEP it was 78%; 2 years later, it was 96% and 75%, respectively. A tendency for a higher success rate in voice rehabilitation after TL was observed in primary TEP. The use of xRT and age of patient had no influence on the success rate.
The Efficacy of Hypertonic Saline Nasal Irrigation for Chronic Sinonasal Symptoms
Authors: Rabago David , Pasic Thomas , Zgierska Aleksandra , Mundt Marlon , Barrett Bruce , Maberry Rob 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:To assess quality of life (QOL) in patients with sinonasal symptoms in response to hypertonic saline nasal irrigation (HSNI), and to assess HSNI use patterns.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:The study was an uncontrolled 12‐month follow‐up to a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and used HSNI in a community setting. We included 54 participants with recurrent or chronic sinonasal symptoms. Forty participants had been in the intervention group of a previous study; 14 had been control participants. Primary outcome measures were the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI), a sinus‐symptom severity assessment (SIA), and the Sino‐Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT‐20). Secondary outcome measures were frequency and pattern of HSNI use, side effects and satisfaction.RESULTS:Among participants using HSNI in the prior RCT, RSDI scores continued to improve, from 73.2 ± 2.6 points to 80.6 ± 2.4 points (P < 0.001). SIA and SNOT‐20 scores remained stable. Former control participants reported QOL improvement similar to that of HSNI users in the prior RCT. RSDI scores improved from 62.0 ± 3.9 points to 79.7 ± 3.7 points (P < 0.05), SNOT‐20 scores improved from 43.5 ± 5.7 points to 28.4 ± 4.8 points, and SIA scores improved from 4.2 ± 0.3 points to 2.6 ± 0.3 points (P < 0.01). Mean HSNI use for all participants was 2.4 irrigations per week; 33% of participants used HSNI regularly, 55% when symptomatic. Side effects were minor; satisfaction was high.CONCLUSIONS:Participants with chronic sinonasal symptoms reported improved QOL and frequent, satisfying use of HSNI.SIGNIFICANCE:HSNI is an effective adjunctive treatment of chronic sinonasal symptoms.
The Role of the Osteocutaneous Radial Forearm Free Flap in the Treatment of Mandibular Osteoradionecrosis
Authors: Militsakh Oleg N. , Wallace Derrick I. , Kriet J. David , Tsue Terance T. , Girod Douglas A. 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the role of the osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (OCRFFF) in the treatment of mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Retrospective case review of patients who underwent OCRFFF oromandibular reconstruction after resection of nonviable tissue at an academic tertiary care center because of ORN. Patients with reconstructions other than OCRFFF were excluded from this study.RESULTS:Nine patients underwent a composite oromandibular resection for ORN with a reconstruction using an OCRFFF between April 1998 and February 2003. All patients had failed previous less aggressive surgical and medical management of the ORN. Mean follow‐up was 36 months (range, 14‐67 months). There were no flap failures or significant immediate postoperative or long‐term complications observed. All patients had successful restoration of mandibular integrity and continuity, with 100% success rate of stabilization of ORN. All patients were able to tolerate PO diet, with only one third having to supplement their diet with gastrostomy feedings, compared with 89% gastrostomy dependence preoperatively.CONCLUSIONS:Primary or adjuvant radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies can result in ORN of the mandible. This difficult problem often requires surgical intervention. In our experience, the OCRFFF can be successfully used for oromandibular reconstruction, even in the setting of the heavily radiated tissue with excellent postoperative outcomes.SIGNIFICANCE:This is the first study that demonstrates the efficacy of the OCRFFF as a treatment of mandibular ORN.
Complications of Acute Sinusitis in Children
Authors: Oxford Lance E. , McClay John 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:To review the demographic, microbiologic, and outcome data for children with complications of acute sinusitis.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Retrospective review of children admitted with complications of acute sinusitis from January 1995 to July 2002 to a tertiary care children's hospital.RESULTS:One hundred four patients were reviewed with the following complications: orbital cellullitis (51), orbital abscesses (44), epidural empyemas (7), subdural empyemas (6), intracerebral abscesses (2), meningitis (2), cavernous sinus thrombosis (1), and Pott's puffy tumors (3). Sixty‐six percent were males (P < 0.001), and 64.4% presented from November to March (P < 0.001). Patients with isolated orbital complications were younger than patients with intracranial complications (mean, 6.5 versus 12.3 years), had a shorter stay (mean, 4.2 versus 16.6 days), and had shorter duration of symptoms (mean, 5.4 versus 14.3 days; all P < 0.0001). Complete resolution was documented for 54/55 patients with restricted ocular motility, 7/8 with visual loss, 3/3 patients with a nonreactive pupil, 7/7 with neurological deficits, and 2/4 with seizures. The most common organism isolated was Streptococcus milleri (11/36 patients with surgical cultures). No mortalities occurred, and persistent morbidity occurred in 4 patients (3.8%).CONCLUSIONS:Despite significant deficits on presentation, permanent morbidity was low. Streptococcus milleri is a common pathogen with complications of sinusitis in children.
Differentiation between Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum with Electronic Nose
Authors: Aronzon Anna , Hanson C. William , Thaler Erica R. 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:The study investigates the ability of the electronic nose to differentiate between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum and to identify an unknown specimen as CSF or serum.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:CSF and serum specimens were heated and tested with an organic semiconductor‐based Cyranose 320 electronic nose (Cyrons Sciences, Pasadena, CA). Data from the 32‐element sensor array were subjected to principal component analysis to depict differences in odorant patterns.RESULTS:The electronic nose was able to distinguish between CSF and serum isolates with Mahalanobis distance >5. Furthermore, the electronic nose was able to place unknown specimens in the appropriate class of CSF or serum.CONCLUSIONS:The electronic nose is a novel method that may allow rapid, low cost, and reliable distinction between CSF and serum in a clinical setting.SIGNIFICANCE:Because the results are available almost immediately, the electronic nose is a powerful tool that in the future may allow for rapid diagnosis of CSF leaks in the office setting.
Rhabdomyosarcomas of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses: Treatment Results in 15 Cases
Authors: Wurm Jochen , Constantinidis Jannis , Grabenbauer Gerhard G. , Iro Heinrich 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:Primary rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) of the nose and the paranasal sinuses occur very rarely. Treatment of these tumors usually is conducted according to standardized therapy protocols like the German Cooperative Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study (CWS) or the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS). The role of surgery still remains controversial.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A retrospective analysis of 15 patients with an RMS of the nose or paranasal sinuses treated between 1979 and 2000 is presented. Patients' age ranged from 2 to 60 years, with an average of 22 years. Histologic subtypes encompassed 9 embryonal (e) and 6 alveolar (a) RMS. Resection of the tumor with subsequent radiochemotherapy (RCT) was performed in 6 cases, and primary RCT, in 9 cases. The average duration of follow‐up was 4 years and 10 months.RESULTS:Overall 5‐year survival was 40%. In the patient group subjected to tumor resection with subsequent RCT, 5‐year survival was 66%, compared with 33% after exclusive primary RCT. With respect to histologic subtype, 5‐year survival was 55% for eRMS, as compared with 33% for aRMS. Moreover, infiltration of the skull base and the presence of a residual tumor after primary therapy constituted factors associated with an unfavorable clinical course.CONCLUSIONS:Surgical removal of tumor with subsequent radiochemotherapy can be recommended if a complete resection and functionally and cosmetically satisfactory results appear possible. Patients with eRMS showed an overall more favorable clinical course than patients with aRMS.
Effect of Treatment by Laser‐Assisted Uvulopalatoplasty on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Authors: Lin Ching‐Chi , Chang Ke‐Chang , Lee Kuo‐Sheng , Wu Kun‐Ming , Chou Chon‐Shin , Lin Ching‐Kai 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effects of successful laser‐assisted uvulopalatoplasty (LAUP) on cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Twenty‐five subjects with moderately severe or severe OSAS who desired LAUP were enrolled. All patients had an overnight sleep study and CPET before and 3 months after LAUP. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the success (group I) or failure (group II) of LAUP to improve their sleep apnea.RESULTS:Successful LAUP in group I was followed by improvement in right ventricular ejection fraction, maximal work rate (WRmax), VO2max/kg, anaerobic threshold, oxygen pulse, and a lower breathing reserve. CPET results were unchanged after LAUP in group II subjects.CONCLUSION:Patients with OSAS before LAUP had abnormal CPET as reflected by low VO2peak/kg, WRmax, anaerobic threshold, and oxygen pulse. All of these variables improved after LAUP that successfully ameliorated OSAS.
Development of a New Method and Device for Adaptation and Suture of Tissues During Transoral Surgery: In Vitro and Cadaver Experiments
Authors: Lichtenberger György 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to present cadaver and model experiments of a technique using an instrument that may overcome the problems of achieving adaptation and suture of mucous membrane and other tissues during transoral surgery in narrow anatomical circumstances.STUDY DESIGN:The following interventions were carried out on cadavers: adaptation and suture of mucous membrane by uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP); release and anteroposition of the epiglottis and fixation to the vallecula or to the base of the tongue; denudation and closing the lumen of the larynx; release and retroposition and fixation of the epiglottis to the posterior part of the larynx; creation, adaptation, and suturing of mucosal flaps in the posterior part of the larynx; craniolateral mobilization and fixation of the vocal cord; submucous excision of excess tissues; and adaptation and suture of the edges of the mucosa.RESULTS:The safety and reduced need for microclips in surgeries in these areas can be accomplished by introducing the Ligature‐Suture device, which makes it possible to pass a suture under the tissues with a single movement.CONCLUSIONS:This new technique and instrument for the Ligature‐Suture device has the potential to be applied successfully in other fields of surgery. The main advantages of this technique are its simplicity and safety.
Ice-Core Pollen Record of Climatic Changes in the Central Andes during the last 400 yr
Authors: Liu Kam-biu , Reese Carl A. , Thompson Lonnie G. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis paper presents a high-resolution ice-core pollen record from the Sajama Ice Cap, Bolivia, that spans the last 400 yr. The pollen record corroborates the oxygen isotopic and ice accumulation records from the Quelccaya Ice Cap and supports the scenario that the Little Ice Age (LIA) consisted of two distinct phases�"a wet period from AD 1500 to 1700, and a dry period from AD 1700 to 1880. During the dry period xerophytic shrubs expanded to replace puna grasses on the Altiplano, as suggested by a dramatic drop in the Poaceae/Asteraceae (P/A) pollen ratio. The environment around Sajama was probably similar to the desert-like shrublands of the Southern Bolivian Highlands and western Andean slopes today. The striking similarity between the Sajama and Quelccaya proxy records suggests that climatic changes during the Little Ice Age occurred synchronously across the Altiplano.
Effects in vitro and in vivo by apomorphine in the rat corpus cavernosum
Authors: Matsumoto Kenshi , Yoshida Masaki , Andersson Karl‐Erik , Hedlund Petter 
Published: July 2005

The study was performed to clarify if apomorphine at the level of the rat corpus cavernosum can produce erectile responses or interfere with nerve‐induced penile erection.
Apomorphine (10−9–10−4 M) exhibited a 10‐fold higher potency to relax phenylephrine (Phe)‐ than endothelin‐1 (ET‐1)‐induced contractions. Relaxant effects of apomorphine in Phe‐activated corpus cavernosum did not change tissue levels of cyclic nucleotides, and were unaffected by inhibition of the synthesis of nitric oxide, or by inhibition of the soluble guanylate cyclase.
Relaxations by apomorphine of ET‐1‐contracted rat corpus cavernosum were not influenced by α2‐adrenoceptor blockade (yohimbine, 10−7 M), or by the dopamine D1‐like receptor antagonist SCH 23390 (10−6 M). Clozapine (10−6 M), a proposed dopamine D2‐like receptor antagonist, partly reduced apomorphine‐induced relaxations, and significantly altered the −log IC50 value for apomorphine.
Nerve‐induced contractions of the rat corpus cavernosum were attenuated by apomorphine in a concentration‐dependent and biphasic manner. Yohimbine (10−7 M) abolished the biphasic concentration–response pattern. SCH 23390 (10−6 M) attenuated the inhibitory effects of apomorphine on contractions, and significantly altered the −log IC50 value for the compound.
In anesthetized rats (50 mg kg−1 pentobarbital sodium, 10 mg kg−1 ketamine), intracavernous apomorphine (100, 300, or 1000 nmol) did not have effects on basal cavernous pressure under resting conditions, and did not affect filling or emptying rates, or peak pressures of the rat corpus cavernosum during submaximal activation of the cavernous nerve. In awake rats, apomorphine produced a maximal number of erections at 300 nmol kg−1.
In the rat isolated corpus cavernosum, pre‐ and postjunctional effects of apomorphine appear to involve dopamine D1‐ and D2‐like receptors, as well as α‐adrenoceptors. At relevant systemic doses of apomorphine, peripheral effects of the compound are unlikely to contribute to its proerectile effects in rats.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 146, 259–267. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706317
Food and drug interactions: its side effects
Authors: Ayo J.A. , Agu H. , Madaki I. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo enlighten the food consumers and drug users as to some of their incompatibilities.Design/methodology/approachExamples from the literature covering compositions of food‐drug, food‐drug interactions, and dietary habits were collected from former works.FindingsMajor side‐effects of some diet(food) on drugs include alteration in absorption by fatty, high protein and fiber diets. Drugs such as methateiate, pyrimethamine, isonicotinic acid and asprin alter the transportation of some nutrients. Nutrient supplementations was found to be beneficial.Research limitations/implicationsPossible factors affecting the reactions need to be identified.Practical implicationsIt helps food consumers and drug users to avoid using some of these materials and also to adopt nutrient supplementation as a better alternative where possible.Originality/valueThe knowledge helps food technologists, nutritionists, physicians and pharmacists to serve the public better.
Emotional intelligence and its relationship to workplace performance outcomes of leadership effectiveness
Authors: Rosete David , Ciarrochi Joseph 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThis study seeks to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), personality, cognitive intelligence and leadership effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachSenior executives (n=41) completed an ability measure of EI (MSCEIT), a measure of personality (16PF5) and a measure of cognitive ability (the Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI)). Leadership effectiveness was assessed using an objective measure of performance and a 360° assessment involving each leader's subordinates and direct manager (n=149).FindingsCorrelational and regression analyses revealed that higher EI was associated with higher leadership effectiveness, and that EI explained variance not explained by either personality or IQ.Originality/valueThis paper establishes a link between EI and workplace measures of leadership effectiveness.
The hybrid structural interaction matrix
Authors: Oke S.A. , Ayomoh M.K.O. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a new star in the continuous improvement research, the hybrid structural interaction matrix (HSIM). The work compares the results of this decision science methodology with that of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) with a case drawn from a published work in the maintenance performance literature. It further identifies certain areas of improvements for enrichment of this body of knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology presented in the work is termed the hybrid international matrix with potentials for prioritizing simple and complex numbers of maintenance activities or items.FindingsThe results obtained indicate the feasibility of prioritizing items in maintenance with some improved results in the quality of decision made based on the prioritization.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of the study lies in the fact that a computerized system is needed when the items to be prioritized are many.Practical implicationsPractically, it is noted that the quality of decisions made based on the methodology is enhanced. Thus, managers in practice would better achieve higher level of reliance than in the use of previous models that are similar.Originality/valueThe paper is new. It presents a novel contribution, which is capable of being extended for the benefit of researchers or maintenance. The work presents some research opportunities with potentials of elevating maintenance productivity theory and practice into the ranks of major concepts in maintenance performance evaluation.
Tracking space‐vector plot asymmetries in transformer differential relaying
Authors: Díaz Guzmán , Arboleya Pablo , Gómez‐Aleixandre Javier 
Published: July 2005

PurposeDifferential relaying is one of the most widely used techniques for protecting power transformers. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and cover a developed methodology for analyzing the signals obtained from the differential protection of power transformers.Design/methodology/approachThe differential signal obtained from the protective relays of power transformers is analyzed in this paper, in order to establish a relation between time‐dependent symmetrical components and space vectors. As a result of the formulation of such a relation, specific patterns are obtained and classified for the plot of the space vector during fault and inrush conditions.FindingsWhat was found in the course of the work? This will refer to analysis, discussion, or results. It has been found that the discrimination between inrush and fault conditions is possible by observing a characteristic asymmetry in the plots of the space vector. A method for dealing with the said asymmetries based on the absolute value of the space vector as obtained from the differential signal is proposed and discussed. The theoretical approaches given in the paper are further validated through finite element simulations and laboratory tests, which include linear and non‐linear loads, in order to account for more severe exploitation conditions.Research limitations/implicationsA complete protective algorithm can be developed from the analysis of the methodology proposed, which avoids the spectral analysis, since the methodology is based in pattern analysis rather that in the latter technique.Practical implicationsThe methodology provides faster identification of the fault during inrush condition, since the spectral analysis is prevented.Originality/valueIt may be stated that the major contribution of the paper is the methodology proposed for identifying internal faults in power transformers using pattern characterization of the plot of the space vector.