bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hidden strange $$B_{c}$$-like molecular states
Authors: Wang Zhong-Yu , Sun Zhi-Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith the chiral unitary approach, we evaluate the hidden strange $$B_{c}$$

B
c

-like molecular states of $$b{\bar{c}}s{\bar{s}}$$

b

c

¯

s

s

¯

systems $${\bar{B}}_{s}{\bar{D}}_{s}$$

B

¯

s

D

¯

s

, $${\bar{B}}_{s}^{*}{\bar{D}}_{s}$$

B

¯

s

∗

D

¯

s

, $${\bar{B}}_{s}{\bar{D}}_{s}^{*}$$

B

¯

s

D

¯

s

∗

, and $${\bar{B}}_{s}^{*}{\bar{D}}_{s}^{*}$$

B

¯

s

∗

D

¯

s

∗

coupled to the non-strange channels. The S-wave scattering amplitudes are calculated based on the vector meson exchange, four pseudoscalar mesons contact interactions, and four vector mesons contact interactions obtained from the extended local hidden gauge approach. We find six states below the threshold of the most relevant channel. The binding energies of these states are around 1–10 MeV and the widths are around 0.2–0.7 MeV. Our research is a supplement to the mass spectra of $$B_{c}$$

B
c

-like states, which may be useful for the experimental search in the future.
Seismic geomorphology: subsurface analyses, data integration and palaeoenvironment reconstructions – an introduction
Authors: Newton Andrew M. W. , Andresen Katrine J. , Blacker Kieran J. , Harding Rachel , Lebas Elodie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Since the last Special Publication on seismic geomorphology, the application of seismic data has grown substantially, revolutionizing our understanding of basin evolution in the process. The papers presented here provide an insight into the direction of travel for seismic geomorphological analyses and how the science has evolved since 2007. New methods of data collection, new methods of processing and visualization, and the integration of new types of complementary data, all have played a role in maximizing the potential palaeo-environmental insights that can be derived from such studies. The submissions range across different geological settings, consisting of glacial, fluvial, volcanic, deltaic and slope settings. Many of these studies integrate different methods, showing what can be achieved by combining multiple datasets to understand the subsurface. As more legacy datasets become available, the observed acceleration in seismic data availability and the associated publications will likely continue. Newer methods and greater knowledge of the subsurface are yielding a greater understanding of not just the palaeoenvironments, but also what generates seismic reflectivity in the subsurface. The study of seismic geomorphology remains in its infancy, and much exciting research potential is yet to be realized.
Label Free Detection of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Protein Biomarker by Quartz Tuning Fork-Based Biosensor
Authors: Al-Gawati Mahmoud , Ain Qura Tul , Alzahrani Khalid E , Assaifan Abdulaziz K. , Neairat Tajweed , Alarifi Nahed , Alarifi Abdulaziz , Alshamsan Aws , Alodhayb Abdullah N. , Albrithen Hamad 
Published: December 2023

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed on the membrane of many types of cancer cells such as breast and lung cancer cells. PD-L1 helps the cancerous cells to escape the surveillance of the immune system. PD-L1 also exists in a soluble form, reaching detectable levels in cancer patient’s serum. The available detection techniques for PD-L1 are time and cost demanding, requiring advance instrumentations and efforts. To overcome the challenges of the current detection techniques, functionalized quartz tuning forks are employed as biosensors for the real-time detection of PD-L1. In this study, the QTF gold coated biosensors have been functionalized by Anti PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies as a probe layer. The functionalized QTF biosensors were tested against different concentrations of PD-L1 protein ranging from 0.05 up to 500 ng ml−1, with an incubation time of 15 min. It has been observed that the QTF resonance frequency shifted correlatively with the PD-L1 concentration. Testing of other proteins has not shown significant responses indicating the suitability of the probe layer’s selectivity for PD-L1. This result is expected to open the way for a fast and early yet simple approach for the possible discovery of cancer cells in initial stages, and cancer treatment monitoring.
Evaluation of the SSTR2-targeted Radiopharmaceutical 177Lu-DOTATATE and SSTR2-specific 68Ga-DOTATATE PET as Imaging Biomarker in Patients with Intracranial Meningioma
Authors: Kurz Sylvia C. , Zan Elcin , Cordova Christine , Troxel Andrea B. , Barbaro Marissa , Silverman Joshua S. , Snuderl Matija , Zagzag David , Kondziolka Douglas , Golfinos John G. , Chi Andrew S. , Sulman Erik P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
There are no effective medical therapies for patients with meningioma who progress beyond surgical and radiotherapeutic interventions. Somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2) represents a promising treatment target in meningiomas. In this multicenter, single-arm phase II clinical study (NCT03971461), the SSTR2-targeting radiopharmaceutical 177Lu-DOTATATE is evaluated for its feasibility, safety, and therapeutic efficacy in these patients.

Patients and Methods:
Adult patients with progressive intracranial meningiomas received 177Lu-DOTATATE at a dose of 7.4 GBq (200 mCi) every eight weeks for four cycles. 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-MRI was performed before and six months after the start of the treatment. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months (PFS-6). Secondary endpoints were safety and tolerability, overall survival (OS) at 12 months (OS-12), median PFS, and median OS.

Results:
Fourteen patients (female = 11, male = 3) with progressive meningiomas (WHO 1 = 3, 2 = 10, 3 = 1) were enrolled. Median age was 63.1 (range 49.7–78) years. All patients previously underwent tumor resection and at least one course of radiation. Treatment with 177Lu-DOTATATE was well tolerated. Seven patients (50%) achieved PFS-6. Best radiographic response by modified Macdonald criteria was stable disease (SD) in all seven patients. A &gt;25% reduction in 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake (PET) was observed in five meningiomas and two patients. In one lesion, this corresponded to &gt;50% reduction in bidirectional tumor measurements (MRI).

Conclusions:
Treatment with 177Lu-DOTATATE was well tolerated. The predefined PFS-6 threshold was met in this interim analysis, thereby allowing this multicenter clinical trial to continue enrollment. 68Ga-DOTATATE PET may be a useful imaging biomarker to assess therapeutic outcome in patients with meningioma.
Elevating understanding: Linking high-altitude hypoxia to brain aging through EEG functional connectivity and spectral analyses
Authors: Coronel-Oliveros Carlos , Medel Vicente , Whitaker Grace Alma , Astudillo Aland , Gallagher David , Z-Rivera Lucía , Prado Pavel , El-Deredy Wael , Orio Patricio , Weinstein Alejandro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
High-altitude hypoxia triggers brain function changes reminiscent of those in healthy aging and Alzheimer’s disease, compromising cognition and executive functions. Our study sought to validate high-altitude hypoxia as a model for assessing brain activity disruptions akin to aging. We collected EEG data from 16 healthy volunteers during acute high-altitude hypoxia (at 4,000 masl) and at sea level, focusing on relative changes in power and aperiodic slope of the EEG spectrum due to hypoxia. Additionally, we examined functional connectivity using wPLI, and functional segregation and integration using graph theory tools. High altitude led to slower brain oscillations, that is, increased δ and reduced α power, and flattened the 1/f aperiodic slope, indicating higher electrophysiological noise, akin to healthy aging. Notably, functional integration strengthened in the θ band, exhibiting unique topographical patterns at the subnetwork level, including increased frontocentral and reduced occipitoparietal integration. Moreover, we discovered significant correlations between subjects’ age, 1/f slope, θ band integration, and observed robust effects of hypoxia after adjusting for age. Our findings shed light on how reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes influence brain activity patterns resembling those in neurodegenerative disorders and aging, making high-altitude hypoxia a promising model for comprehending the brain in health and disease.
More cryptic diversity among spiny lizards of the Sceloporus torquatus complex discovered through a multilocus approach
Authors: Campillo-García Gustavo , Flores-Villela Oscar Alberto , Butler Brett Oliver , Benabib Miriam , Castiglia Riccardo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A phylogenetic reassessment of the Sceloporus torquatus species complex is presented using a multilocus approach. Topological conflicts related to a clade belonging to disjunct southern populations of S. madrensis are resolved, confirming the identity of such populations as distinct from the nominal populations of S. madrensis located 175 kilometres to the north. We describe this southern clade as a new species distributed in the Sierra Madre Oriental based on its phylogenetic distinctiveness and a combination of morphological characters and measurements, increasing the number of recognised species in the S. torquatus complex to seven.
Hit Me(n)
Authors: Joubert Leonie Skene 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the Global South, the adoption of the so-called Western diet in recent decades has resulted in a global pandemic of obesity and lifestyle-related diseases. However some academics argue that this diet should be reframed as the ‘neoliberal’ diet, one which is the outcome of a profit-driven industrial food system in which large multi-national corporations have disproportionate power to make, distribute, promote, and sell their products. Instead of framing lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases (NCD s) as the personal failure of the individual, this lens calls for a critique of a food system which shapes individual food and lifestyle choices. Yet social attitudes remain slow to respond to this shifting view of this pressing food-related NCD public health issue. Sugar is a key part of the formulation of many ultra-processed foods that are responsible for poor diet-related health outcomes. Hit Me(n) uses protest art as a communications tool to reframe the issue for the audience. It draws attention to the dopamine system in the brain by juxtaposing sugar alongside other addictive substances and behaviours that drive similar pleasure-seeking patterns. It further draws attention to the role that corporate and product branding plays in normalising and glorifying certain addiction-linked substances and behaviours. It questions who has the power to shape the system, and who does not.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and faecal microbiota transplantation can improve colitis in mice by affecting gut microbiota and metabolomics
Authors: Yin S. , Liao Y. , Ma Y. , Han X. , Yang Z. , Fang J. , Alahmadi R.M. , Hatamleh A.A. , Duraipandiyan V. , Gurusunathan V.R. , Arokiyaraj S. , Liu G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Gut microbiota may have therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Regulating intestinal microbiota through Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel approach to treating IBD. This study aimed to explore the effect of L. plantarum and FMT pretreatment in alleviating colitis in mice. Five groups of mice (n = 6 per group) were included: CON group, DSS group (dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis mice), LP-DSS pretreatment group (colitis mice were given strain L. plantarum and 5% DSS), DSS-FMT group (mice pretreated with faecal microbiota transplantation were given 5% DSS), and LP-FMT pretreatment group (mice pretreated with faecal microbiota transplantation and L. plantarum were given 5% DSS). Serum metabolites and intestinal microbiota were analysed by 16S rRNA sequencing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results demonstrated that L. plantarum and FMT improved gut microbiota in mice by increasing Firmicutes and decreasing the Bacteroidetes. In the serum metabolomics analysis, there were 11 differential metabolites in the DSS-FMT and LP-FMT pretreatment groups, and these differential metabolites were mainly glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids. It is worth noting that Lachnospira and Lactobacillus were positively associated with 8 differential metabolites. These results suggest that L. plantarum and FMT can regulate intestinal microorganisms and serum metabolomics to alleviate inflammation.
The South American Tropopause Aerosol Layer (SATAL)
Authors: Bresciani Caroline , Herdies Dirceu Luis , Figueroa Silvio Nilo , Buchard Virginie , da Silva Arlindo M. , Jones Charles , Carvalho Leila M. V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The presence of an aerosol layer in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UT/LS) in South America was identified with the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2). This layer, which we shall refer to as the South American tropopause aerosol layer (SATAL), was identified over the Amazon basin at altitudes between 11 and 14 km. It exhibits a seasonal behavior similar to the Asian tropopause aerosol layer (ATAL) and the North American tropopause aerosol layer (NATAL). The SATAL is observed from October to March, coinciding with the presence of the South American monsoon. It forms first in the eastern Amazon basin in October, then moves to the southern Amazon, where it weakens in December–January and finally dissipates in February–March. We hypothesize that two main factors influence the SATAL formation in the UT/LS: 1) the source of aerosols from Africa and 2) the updraft mass flux from deep convective systems during the active phase of the South American monsoon system that transports aerosols to the UT/LS. Further satellite observations of aerosols and field campaigns are needed to provide useful information to find the origin and composition of the aerosols in the UT/LS during the South American monsoon.
Effects of administration of local aminophylline on patients undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy
Authors: Lubana Anantbir Singh , Priyadarshi Shivam , Sharma Govind , Bansal Somendra , Agarwal Neeraj , Vyas Nachiket 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The presence of ureteral stones can cause pain, infections of urinary tract and hydronephrosis, resulting in the loss of renal function. For two decades, Ureteroscopy and laser stone fragmentation (URSL) attained a big rise and is the first line management for large ureteric stones and renal stones up to 2 cm. The present study was conducted to assess the success rate of ureteroscopic lithotripsy in treatment of ureteric calculus after local administration of aminophylline. Materials and methods: 100 patients having ureteric calculi <20 mm in size, aged 20–60 years were included in the study and randomly divided into Group A ( n = 50) with administration of local aminophylline and Group B ( n = 50) with administration of saline infusion. Ureteroscopy was performed after 5 min of administration of the solution. URSL was done using pneumatic lithoclast and/or laser. Various parameters like duration of procedure, ease of ureteral access, requirement of DJ Stent and need of further operative interventions were compared between case and control groups. The data was collected and then subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS 20.0 version at significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The mean age of study subjects having ureteral stones was found to be between 31 and 40 years of age with males being more affected. We observed less mean duration of surgery, higher success rate, easy ureteral access ( p-value < 0.05) with aminophylline use than control group. The need of ureteral stent and Auxiliary procedures was significantly higher in the control than in the case group (38%). Conclusion: The use of aminophylline has been found to be highly useful and effective in reducing the need of stents and secondary surgery, decreased pain, and increased success rate. Thus, the use of aminophylline is recommended during URSL procedure for the successful management of ureteral calculi.
Successful management of camrelizumab-induced immune-checkpoint-inhibitors-related myocarditis
Authors: Long Hui-Dong , Du Yi-Peng , Wang Li-Yan , Liu Guan-Cheng , Liang Shi-Xiang , Zeng Zhao-Hua , Lin Yun-En 
Published: December 2023

Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause immune-related toxicity in various systems, with myocarditis being the most severe and life-threatening manifestation. This report presents a case in which myocarditis developed following administration of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors therapy. We describe the diagnosis and treatment of this patient in detail. Case report We present the case of a 59-year-old female diagnosed with post-operative esophageal cancer and hepatic metastases. The patient underwent second-line treatment with domestically-made PD-1 inhibitor, camrelizumab, in combination with paclitaxel (albumin-bound) and carboplatin for two cycles. During the course of treatment, an electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed ST segment elevation in leads II, III, aVF, V2, V3, and V4, along with T wave changes in leads I and aVL. Laboratory examinations showed abnormal levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Despite the absence of clinical symptoms, the patient was routinely hospitalized three weeks later. Based on the findings from the ECG, cardiac biomarkers, echocardiography, echocardiogram, cardiac magnetic resonance, and angiography, she was diagnosed with immune-checkpoint-inhibitors-related myocarditis. Management and outcome The patient received immunoglobulin (0.5 g/kg/day) and was initially given methylprednisolone (1000 mg/day). Methylprednisolone was gradually reduced to 40 mg/day in 2 weeks. During this time, the levels of biomarkers indicative of myocardial injury also exhibited a simultaneous decline. Discussion This case highlights the importance of early detection and prompt intervention, including initiating appropriate steroid therapy and discontinuing of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Such measures can effectively prevent morbidity and mortality, ultimately leading to an improved prognosis.
Loose Bodies Found in the Human Intra-Articular Space Showed Characteristics Similar to Endochondral Bone Formation
Authors: Schwab Andrea , Pap Thomas , Krenn Veit , Rüther Wolfgang , Lohmann Christoph , Bertrand Jessica 
Published: December 2023

Objective Loose bodies are free-floating tissues of cartilage and bone that can cause pain, swelling, the inability to straighten the knee, or intermittent locking of the knee. Loose bodies can arise from degenerative joint disease, flake fractures, osteochondritis dissecans, or chondromatosis. We hypothesized that loose bodies can be classified in stages with tissue characteristics similar to endochondral ossification. Design Loose bodies were harvested from patients undergoing joint replacement. Samples were processed for histology, gene expression analysis, and micro-computed tomography (µCT). Cartilage- and bone-related genes and proteins were selected for immunofluorescence stainings (collagen type I, II, and X, SOX9 [SRY-box transcription factor 9], and MMP13 [matrix metalloproteinase 13]) and gene expression analysis ( FN [fibronectin], COL1A1, COL2A1, COL10A1, SOX9, MMP13, and aggrecan [ ACAN]). Results Loose bodies were grouped in 4 stages: fibrous, (mineralized) cartilaginous, cartilage and bone, and bone. Hyaline-like cartilage tissue with Benninghoff arcades was present in stages 2 and 3. A transition from cartilaginous to mineralized tissue and bone trabecula was defined by an increase in COL1A1 and COL10A1 (stage 3 vs. 4: p = 0.047) positive area. Stage 4 showed typical trabecular bone tissue. The relative volume of calcified tissue (mineralized cartilage and bone tissue) decreased with stages (stages 1-2 vs. 3: p = 0.002; stage 1-2 vs. 4: p = 0.012). COL2A1 expression and stained area decreased from stages 1-2 to 4 ( p = 0.010 and p = 0.004). ACAN expression decreased from stage 1-2 to stage 3 ( p = 0.049) and stage 4 ( p = 0.002). Conclusion Loose bodies show tissue characteristics similar to endochondral ossification. They are probably a relevant substrate for regenerative therapeutic interventions in joint disease.
Explaining how and why social support groups in hospice day services benefit palliative care patients, for whom, and in what circumstances
Authors: Bradley Natasha , Dowrick Christopher , Lloyd-Williams Mari 
Published: December 2023

Background: Palliative care aims to provide holistic support for people with life-limiting illness, responding to psychological, social and spiritual needs, as well as to clinical and physical. In the United Kingdom, hospice day services (including day care, group interventions, group activities, and social events for palliative care outpatients) aim to provide opportunities for patients to gain social support, which is thought to improve their quality of life. Objectives: This research explored social support within hospice day services, to explain in detail how and why social support obtained within a hospice day service could be beneficial to palliative care patients. Design: Qualitative research using observations of hospice day services and interviews with service providers. Methods: Data collection involved nineteen interviews with hospice service providers ( n = 19) and researcher observations of hospice day services. The findings detail how patient and hospice context interact to produce mechanisms that lead to outcomes beyond the hospice day service. Results: Practical, clinical and social aspects of the hospice day service are important for patients feeling welcome and safe in the setting. The opportunity to connect with other people and work towards personal goals can boost self-confidence for patients who have lost access to meaningful activity. New friendships between patients encourages reciprocal support and feelings of belonging. It is beneficial to have permission to speak freely about topics deemed inappropriate elsewhere, because honest communication is helpful in accepting and adapting to their circumstances. Conclusion: Hospice day services facilitate group settings for reciprocal social support. This research proposes an initial programme theory that can be further developed and tested. It explains how and why, in some contexts, social support increases personal and practical resources to cope with illness and death, leading to changes outside of the hospice (to mood, interpersonal interactions and behaviour) that could improve quality of life.