bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Divorce
Authors: Yarbrough Tinsley E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The small Charleston courtroom over which Judge Waring would preside the same courtroom in which he had earlier argued cases for the government as assistant U.S. attorney-was located on the second floor of the city post office. A profile of southern progress, written for the New York Times in 1920, complained that the post office department had “committed a crime by erecting [the] nondescript granite building” at the corner of Meeting and Broad streets. In the graceful architecture of Charleston, the federal building was something of an eyesore. But it offered Judge Waring the advantage of convenience. Like St. Michael’s church, situated across Meeting Street from the post office, Judge Waring’s chambers were less than a block from his home. Waties Waring would serve ten years in the courtroom at the corner of Meeting and Broad. During his tenure, the higher courts would affirm his decisions forty-six times, reverse him on ten occasions, modify and affirm one decision, affirm and reverse in part in two cases, and dismiss two cases as prematurely decided-a reasonably good record for a federal judge. Waring held court primarily in Charleston, but sat a few days twice a year in Orangeburg to clear that division’s generally sparse calendar; presided twice a year for several solid weeks of litigation in Florence, a busy rail point and center of the state’s Pee Dee River agricultural area; and often went to Columbia to hear cases as well.
Rejoining the Union
Authors: Yarbrough Tinsley E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By his own account, Waties Waring embraced southern racial traditions through most of his adult life. As Charleston corporation counsel, he had made certain that the Army use of Stoney Field would be limited to white soldiers. His other activities in behalf of the city apparently were also entirely compatible with southern customs. As an active member and officer of South Carolina’s white Democratic party, he was closely associated with “Cotton Ed” Smith, the state’s leading racist demagogue of the period; when Smith died, he praised the senator’s “long and honorable” career. Against such a backdrop, it is hardly surprising that many white South Carolinians saw his civil rights decisions and attacks on the South as products of spite against a society unwilling to accept his second wife rather than as a reflection of principle. ·
Among certain of Judge Waring’s contemporaries, however, there is doubt as to how deeply committed he was to the southern cause of white supremacism. “I don’t think that Waties was a flaming liberal at any time in his life,” D. A. Brockinton, Jr., has remarked; “but I don’t think he was a super-Confederate either.” Some of the evidence offered by white Charlestonians to establish his Confederate credentials, moreover, was ambiguous at best. Gus Tamsberg recalled, for example, that once, during a barbershop conversation following Waring’s appointment to the bench, the discussion turned to a state trial then under way against taxi drivers accused of lynching a black charged with killing another driver. “Well, mark my word,”
The False God of Gradualism
Authors: Yarbrough Tinsley E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Lawyers Guild’s Roosevelt Award was only one of many conferred on Judge Waring in the wake of his white primary rulings. Not surprisingly, black organizations were especially appreciative of his efforts. In 1949 alone, the black-owned Chicago Defender named him, along with Eleanor Roosevelt and President Truman, to its 1948 “honor roll of democracy”; the Negro Newspaper Publishers Association cited his “impressive contributions to the advancement of Negroes”; Color magazine named him to its 1948 “Jury of Democracy”; and in the spring, the North and South Carolina chapters of Omega Psi Phi, a black fraternity, honored him at a mass public meeting in Charleston’s Morris Street Baptist Church. In late January, moreover, eight civil rights groups, including the Anti-Defamation League, NAACP, and Freedom House, presented him with an award of merit for “important contributions to civil rights” in a ceremony at Carnegie Hall.
Judge Waring was unable to attend the Carnegie Hall ceremonies, and Anne Warren accepted her father’s award in his behalf. At the affair, Anne and Stanley were mildly irritated to discover that the judge was the only truly prominent figure, in their eyes, being honored, with other awards going to the Yale and Harvard football teams for electing a black captain and manager, an Amherst fraternity that had initiated a black member, a clergyman whose parish children had sent trees to Israel, and even the writers on the “Superman” radio show for humanitarian plot themes.
Introduction
Authors: Newman Judie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Nadine Gordrmer was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1991, she also achieved the unimaginable; she got the African National Congress (ANC), led by Nelson Mandela, and the South African government to agree. Both Prime Minister F. W. de Klerk and the ANC issued official statements congratulating her. De Klerk claimed the prize as also an honor for South Africa and described Gordimer as one of his “countrymen.” Archbishop Desmond Tutu declared himself “over the moon for Nadine,” while Andre Brink, her fellow South African novelist, saw the prize as the coming of age of South African writing. Gordimer was the seventh woman to win the prize and the first South African.
Waiting for Revolution
Authors: O’Brien Conor Cruise 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nadine Gordimer, like many of the great Russian novelists of the nineteenth century, lives in two worlds at the same time. She lives, as the Russians did, in a police state, and she also lives, as they did, in the wider culture of the West, receiving the reflections of the kinds of freedom that the West has enjoyed over two centuries or more. But it is more than a question of living under a police state. A whole analogous social structure is involved. Whites in South Africa, in relation to blacks, have much in common with the nobility in tsarist Russia in relation to the serfs. Turgenev and Tolstoy rejected serfdom but were nonetheless themselves distinctive products of a leisured serf-owning society. South African whites constitute an aristocracy of pigmentation, and even if they do not want to belong to it, they still do belong. A great writer in South Africa-and I believe Nadine Gordimer is a great writer-is living and working in a culture that is closer to nineteenth-century Russia than it is to the contemporary West.
Introductory note to 1949a
Authors: Gudel Kurt , Feferman Solomon , Dawson John W , Kleene Stephen C , Moore Gregory H , Solovay Robert M , Heijenoort Jean van 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper, written for a collection intended to honor and to dis cuss the work of Einstein, appears to be the only published piece by Gudel that deals with philosophical issues not directly concerned with mathematics. In it Gudel argues, on the basis of the very interesting cosmological solutions of Einstein’s general-relativistic field equations obtained by him (1949), that those philosophers are right who have denied the “objectivity of change”.
The Style of the Troubled Conscience
Authors: Cixous Hélène 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Almost Complete Bodily Transposition of a retreat sermon, which breaks in upon Stephen’s consciousness with its images of stereotyped terror, is a forerunner of episodes in Ulysses: the style is that of objective reality in order to mark its strangeness to—and difference from—the subject. By using a piece of completely foreign prose, Joyce suppresses the central awareness of Stephen’s consciousness for the length of the sermon. This on the one hand gives Hell a much more autonomous (and thus more concrete) existence, and on the other confers upon this horrible world enough strength of its own for it to invade Stephen’s consciousness and cause bewilderment and alienation. Joyce would cheerfully mock that vulnerability, which he shared with Stephen. He once wrote the following limerick in a letter to Ezra Pound (9 April 1917):
Thrilled by His Touch
Authors: Valente Joseph 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In His Letters And Essays, Joyce alludes repeatedly to the homoerotic activities supposedly rife in English or Anglo-Saxon boarding schools and implicit in their representative social and athletic customs. In the process, he not only displays a familiarity with the burgeoning scientia sexualis of his day, he flaunts a facility with the subcultural argot, dropping arcane phrases like “captain of fifty’s regime” in the manner of a cognoscente (SL 136). Yet he does so by way of disclaiming any and all knowledge or awareness of such things. The dynamic that Freud called denegation, admitting to consciousness by way of a qualifying refusal, is instinct in virtually every one of these references.
“Goodbye Ireland I’m Going to Gort”
Authors: Howes Marjorie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Geography Has Always Had an important place in Irish political thinking, whether in British arguments for the inevitability of colonization, republican patriotism, unionism, moderate or militant nationalism. As Oliver MacDonagh has observed, “In one sense, the Irish problem has persisted because of the power of geographical images over men’s minds” (States of Mind, 15). Irish studies shares with postcolonial studies an interest in the multifarious transactions between material and symbolic geographies that enable this wide range of discourses. My epi-graphs organize the problematic of defining or narrating the na-tion around the confusions and complexities of place that arise from such transactions. Homi Bhabha claims that the nation is “a ubiquitous and obscure form of living the locality of culture” (“DissemiNation,” 292) that can only be defined through a poten-tially endless recitation of what it is distinct from, yet related to.
Born American
Authors: Spiro Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Most american citizens have come to their status unthinkingly. For most, it’s not something that has to be studied for; there’s no application process; it’s nothing by way of an achievement. They acquire citizenship by accident of birthplace. If you’re born in U.S. territory, you are a U.S. citizen, no other questions asked. It doesn’t matter who your parents are or why they are here. They may be here illegally, or for a year or two on business, or even here only for the purpose of giving birth to you; in any case, you will enjoy birthright citizenship, yours to keep on a guaranteedfor-life basis.
American Defined
Authors: Spiro Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Behind all citizenship talk lurks a premise that the state is the natural unit of community. In most cases, this premise is unthinking. When a speaker addresses a proposition to citizens, there is an unstated assumption that the appropriate audience is the group of members in the state, and that the audience is in fact composed of such individuals. On both counts these assumptions are increasingly untenable. “Citizens” almost always intends an audience that includes noncitizens; to the extent that it does, some community other than the state is implicated. The observation applies to all rhetorical appeals invoking the term, political and otherwise. The “citizenry” becomes an obscure proposition, and the polity’s foundations are put into play.
What Can’t Be Left Out
Authors: Wheeler Brannon M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Over the past ten years or so, I have struggled with issues of how to conceptualize and teach Islam, especially “the introductory course” within the context of the academic study of religion and the larger context of a liberal arts curriculum. My concerns have ranged from having too much material to cover in a single semester or quarter, to not having adequate textbooks or English translations of certain key texts. But my overriding concern has been, and continues to be, how to integrate teaching about Islam into the liberal arts curriculum through the study of religion. My interest in combining Islamic Studies and the study of religion is as a means to further this integration of Islam and the liberal arts.
The Erotic Word
Authors: Carr David M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Historically, the Bible has been used to drive a wedge between the spirit and the body. In this provocative book, David Carr argues that it can-and should-do just the opposite. Sexuality and spirituality, Carr contends, are intricately interwoven: when one is improverished, the other is warped. As a result, the journey toward God and the life-long engagement with our own sexual embodiment are inseparable. Humans, the Bible tells us, both male and female, were created in God's image, and eros-a fundamental longing for connection that finds abstract good in the pleasure we derive from the stimulation of the senses-is a central component of that image. The Bible, particularly the Hebrew Bible, affirms erotic passion, both eros between humans and eros between God and humans. In a sweeping examination of the sexual rules of the Bible, Carr asserts that Biblical "family values" are a far cry from anything promoted as such in contemporary politics. He concludes that passionate love-our preoccupation therewith and pursuit thereof-is the primary human vocation, that eros is in fact the flavouring of life.
The Eden Garden, Part 2: The Tragic Loss of Connectedness
Authors: Carr David M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
So far we have focused on the yes to eros in Genesis r-2, but the fact is that our world-including sex-is not always good. Many experience repression, not freedom; slavery, not authority; patriarchy, not mutuality. Feeling that things are not the way God meant them to be, humans throughout the ages have looked for an explanation of how creation might have gone wrong.
Marriage to God: Isaiah’s Vineyard and Other Images of Divine-Human Sexuality
Authors: Carr David M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We turn now from garden to vineyard, to a vineyard song. In ancient Israel a vineyard is one of the most precious possessions a family can have. It provides refreshing drink during the summer drought and is a place of feasting and rejoicing. Though the vineyard is often associated with gardens in general, it is distinguished from them by two things. The first is that vineyards require sustained care over a period of years. Unlike grain fields, they cannot be left fallow and later seeded. Rather, they must be lovingly terraced, pruned, trained, and protected, much like a sustained erotic re lationship.1 The second major thing that distinguishes a vineyard from many gardens is that such loving cultivation produces something intoxicating: wine.
“Let Him Rejoice in the Roseate Light!”: Teaching Psychoanalysis and Mysticism
Authors: Parsons William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the present climate of fascination with mystical experience and spirituality, an informed grasp of the resurgent psychoanalytic theory of mysticism has become a desired end for those invested in teaching religion and psychological studies. Of course, the literature on this topic is rich and complex enough to be packaged for pedagogical purposes in diverse ways. What follows, then, is hardly meant to be an exhaustive or comprehensive survey of the variety of pedagogical options afforded by psychoanalytic studies of mysticism. On the contrary, I concentrate on but one instance of psychoanalytic forays into mysticism: Freud’s interpretation of the famous “oceanic feeling.” I do so partly because the latter is the locus classicus of the psychoanalytic theory of mysticism. But more, this one text also contains the fundamental keys needed to unlock the historical drift of subsequent psychoanalytic theorizing on mysticism.
What Is to Be Done?
Authors: Stowe Harriet Beecher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The thing to be done, of which I shall chiefly speak, is, that the whole American Church, of all denominations, should unitedly come up, not in form, but in fact, to the noble purpose avowed by the Presbyterian Assembly of 1818, to seek the entire abolition of slavery throughout America and throughout Christendom. To this noble course the united voice of Christians in all other countries is urgently calling the American Church. Expressions of this feeling have come from Christians of all denominations in England, in Scotland, in Ireland, in France, in Switzerland, in Germany, in Persia, in the Sandwich Islands, and in China. All seem to be animated by one spirit. They have loved and honoured this American Church. They have rejoiced in the brightness of her rising. Her prosperity and success have been to them as their own, and they have had hopes that God meant to confer inestimable blessings through her upon all nations. The American Church has been to them like the rising of a glorious sun, shedding healing from his wings, dispersing mists and fogs, and bringing songs of birds and voices of cheerful industry, and sounds of gladness, contentment, and peace. But lo ! in this beautiful orb is seen a disastrous spot of dim eclipse, whose gradually widening shadow threatens a total darkness.
Everybody’s Protest Novel
Authors: Baldwin James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In uncle tom’s cabin, that cornerstone of American social protest fiction, St. Clare, the kindly master, remarks to his coldly disapproving Yankee cousin, Miss Ophelia, that, so far as he is able to tell, the blacks have been turned over to the devil for the benefit of the whites in this world—however, he adds thoughtfully, it may turn out in the next. Miss Ophelia’s reaction is, at least, vehemently right-minded: “This is perfectly horrible!” she exclaims. “You ought to be ashamed of yourselves!”
Love and Death in Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Authors: Fiedler Leslie A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The greatest of all novels of sentimental protest is, however, dedicated not to the problem of drink but to that of slavery, though its author was a total abstainer, who would appear at literary luncheons only if promised that no wine would be served. The novel, of course, is Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin, which she read in installments to her children as she composed it in 1851 and 1852. They wept as they listened; and she wept, too, returned to each installment at such a pitch of frenzy that she began after a while to feel as if the volume were being dictated rather than invented. “The Lord himself wrote it!” she insisted later; and if He had, indeed, written and autographed it, it could not have sold better—some 300,000 copies in the very first year of publication, and millions in the following years, perhaps outstripping even The Last of the Mohicans. It is an astonishingly various and complex book, simplified in the folk mind, which has remembered in its place the dramatic version in which Mrs. Stowe had no hand and which she saw, secretly, only once.
“This Promiscuous Housekeeping” Death, Transgression, and Homoeroticism in Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Authors: Foreman P Gabrielle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mary boykin chesnut’s quip, “Stowe did not hit the sorest spot. She made Legree a bachelor,” is to this day one of the most famous one-
line responses to Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Yet it may have been Chesnut who missed the spot, so to speak, for although Harriet Beecher Stowe reserves her discussion of explicit sexual abuse for the gothic plantation of Tom’s third master Legree, illicit relations are evident throughout the novel. The focus of this essay will be the fissures created by the coded and repressed moments of illicit sexuality in the household of a married couple, the Shelbys (Tom and his wife Chloe and thmulatta Eliza’s masters), and the homoerotics displayed at the estate of Tom’s second master, the father of little Eva, Augustine St. Clare.
Freeing the Slaves and Banishing the Blacks
Authors: Ammons Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
UNCLE TOM ’ S CABIN (1852) ends with George and Eliza Harris and their children, plus George’s sister, mother, and half brother, as well as Topsy—all free at last and safely residing in Canada—departing for Liberia as colonists. With Tom dead, a martyr to the system of U.S. slavery that Harriet Beecher Stowe has attacked for almost four hundred pages, the author sends these free blacks “back” to Africa, despite abolitionists’ vehement and wellknown objections to the very idea of African colonization.
Why the United States Will Join the Rest of the World in Abandoning Capital Punishment
Authors: Bright Stephen B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The United States will inevitably join other industrialized nations in abandoning the death penalty, just as it has abandoned whipping, the stocks, branding, cutting off appendages, maiming, and other primitive forms of punishment. It remains to be seen how long it will be until the use of the death penalty becomes so infrequent as to be pointless, and it is eventually abandoned. In the meantime, capital punishment is arbitrarily and unfairly imposed, undermines the standing and moral authority of the United States in the community of nations, and diminishes the credibility and legitimacy of the courts within the United States.
In Defense of the Death Penalty
Authors: Cassel Paul G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Abolitionist arguments concerning the death penalty, such as the one in the preceding chapters, always seem a bit unsatisfying. Concepts of retribution, deterrence, and just punishment are discussed in the most thoughtful terms, but nowhere do we find a clear discussion of the crimes at issue. In some ways, these discussions are a bit like playing Hamlet without the ghost, reviewing the merits of capital punishment without revealing just what a capital crime is really like and how the victims have been brutalized.
Celebrity
Authors: Ziff Larzer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sam Clemens Began The Decade Of The 1850S As A Helper In The office of his brother Orion’s newspaper, the Western Union. He was fifteen and had been out of school since he was eleven. He ended the decade as an unemployed steamboat pilot, the Civil War having closed down commerce between North and South on the great highway of the Mississippi River.
Translator’s Note
Authors: Kohn Livia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The following translation is based on the edition of the text in DZ n25, with supplementary sections from Dunhuang manuscripts and citations in Tang works. The English rendition is based on the original Chinese, but makes occasional use. of Yoshioka’s Japanese translation (1976, 161–219). Readings that were reached particularly with his help and also those that differ significantly from it are indicated in the footnotes. In addition, the earlier partial translation of the text by Florian Reiter (1988; 1998) was examined but not used, since his reading and interpretation differ significantly from mine.
Preface
Authors: Kohn Livia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Investigating the great scriptures of the Three Caverns, I have generally drawn up [a survey of] the dignified observances and rules and precepts [contained in them]. Regarding all Daoists, whether male or female, be it their deportment and actions, sitting and rising, sleeping and resting, clothing and vestments, food and drink, lodging and staying, or cells and residences, no activity is not written out in the instructions of the scriptures.
Illustrations of Ritual Vestments
Authors: Kohn Livia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Rules say: [Ritual] vestments serve as images of virtue and give physical shape to the observances. All Daoists, whether male or female, place them first in their dignified observances, and with them honor and give respect to the divine law and the scriptures. Each must prepare them carefully, entirely in accordance with the fundamental divine law and without any favoritism or fakery. Failure to comply carries a subtraction of 3,600 [days of life].