bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large-scale genome-wide association study to identify causal relationships and potential mediators between education and autoimmune diseases
Authors: Li Yingjie , Zhang Jingwei , Wen Jie , Liu Mingren , Liu Wanyao , Li Yongzhen 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesEpidemiological studies suggested a potential connection between education and autoimmune disorders. This study investigated the possible cause-and-effect relationship using a Mendelian randomization approach.MethodsWe explored the causality between four education traits (n = 257,841~1,131,881) and 22 autoimmune diseases. The mediating role of smoking (632,802 individuals), BMI (681,275 individuals), alcohol (335,394 individuals), and income (397,751 individuals) was also investigated. Transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) and enriched signaling pathways analysis were used to investigate the underlying biological mechanisms.ResultsEspecially, higher cognitive performance was protective for psoriasis (odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.60-0.79, p = 6.12×10-8), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.67-0.83, p = 4.62×10-6), and hypothyroidism (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.77-0.90, p = 9.82×10-6). Higher levels of educational attainment decreased risks of psoriasis (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.52-0.72, p = 1.12×10-9), RA (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.59-0.79, p = 1.56×10-7), and hypothyroidism (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.72-0.88, p = 5.00×10-6). The completion of highest-level math class genetically downregulates the incidence of psoriasis (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.58-0.76, p = 2.47×10-9), RA (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.63-0.81, p = 5.28×10-8), and hypothyroidism (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.79-0.92, p = 8.88×10-5). Higher self-reported math ability showed protective effects on Crohn’s disease (CD) (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.55-0.81, p = 4.96×10-5), RA (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.67-0.87, p = 5.21×10-5), and psoriasis (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.65-0.88, p = 4.08×10-4). Protein modification and localization, response to arsenic-containing substances may participate in the genetic association of cognitive performance on UC, RA, psoriasis, and hypothyroidism. According to mediation analyses, BMI, smoking, and income served as significant mediators in the causal connection between educational traits and autoimmune diseases.ConclusionHigher levels of education-related factors have a protective effect on the risk of several autoimmune disorders. Reducing smoking and BMI and promoting income equality can mitigate health risks associated with low education levels.
HTLV infection in persons with sexually transmitted diseases in Spain
Authors: Ayerdi Oskar , Benito Rafael , Ortega Diego , Aguilera Antonio , Montiel Natalia , Pintos Ilduara , Díaz de Santiago Alberto , Baza Begoña , Soriano Vicente , de Mendoza Carmen 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundHTLV-1 infection is a neglected disease, despite estimates of 10 million people infected worldwide and producing life-threatening illnesses in 10% of carriers. Sexual transmission is the main route of contagion. However, HTLV-1 is not listed among sexually transmitted infections (STIs).MethodsSerum from all consecutive individuals who had attended six STI clinics across Spain during the last 12 months were tested for HTLV antibodies using a commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Reactive samples were confirmed by immunoblot.ResultsA total of 2,524 samples were examined. The majority (1,936; 76.7%) belonged to men, of whom 676 (34.9%) were men who have sex with men (MSM) receiving HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis. Although native Spaniards predominated (1,470; 58.2%), up to 593 (23.5%) came from Latin America and 139 (5.5%) were African. A total of 26 individuals were initially EIA reactive and immunoblot confirmed 5 as HTLV-1 and 7 as HTLV-2. All but one HTLV-1+ case came from Latin America. Three were men and two were women. Among Latin Americans, the HTLV-1 seroprevalence was 0.67%. In contrast, all seven HTLV-2+ were native Spaniards and former injection drug users, and all but one were HIV+.ConclusionThe rate of HTLV infection among individuals with STIs in Spain is 0.5%, which is greater than in the general population. These results support the introduction of universal HTLV screening in persons who attend clinics for STIs.
Attention deficit in primary-school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder measured with the attention network test: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bieleninik Łucja , Gradys Gabriela , Dzhambov Angel M. , Walczak-Kozłowska Tamara , Lipowska Kornelia , Łada-Maśko Ariadna , Sitnik-Warchulska Katarzyna , Anikiej-Wiczenbach Paulina , Harciarek Michał , Lipowska Małgorzata 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo review and meta-analyze patterns of attention deficit in primary-school-age children with ADHD measured with the neuropsychological attention network test (ANT).MethodsSix electronic databases were searched to 5.05.2022. Selection criteria included prospective cohort and intervention studies; ANT used; primary-school-age; diagnosis of ADHD/at high risk.ResultsSeven studies met inclusion criteria (N = 3,826). Compared with controls, children with ADHD had higher scores for Reaction Time (Hedges’ g = 0.433; 95% CI: 0.135–0.731), Reaction Time Variability (Hedges’ g = 0.334; 95% CI: 0.012–0.657), and Alerting Network (Hedges’ g = 0.235; 95% CI: 0.021–0.449) while children at high risk had higher Alerting Network scores (Hedges’ g = 0.176; 95% CI: 0.003–0.349) and Correctness scores (Hedges’ g = 1.956; 95% CI: 0.020–3.892).ConclusionsChildren with ADHD and at risk of ADHD had different ANT results from children without ADHD only for the alerting network. There were no significant differences for executive and orienting outcomes. Children at risk of ADHD also made more errors (commission and omission) measured with the ANT compared with children without ADHD. Reaction time was longer and reaction time variability higher in children with ADHD than in children without ADHD, and in children at risk of ADHD compared with children without ADHD.PreregistrationA protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (registration number: CRD42021249768).
Transcranial magnetic stimulation mapping of the motor cortex: comparison of five estimation algorithms
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Jiang Yihan , Zhang Zong , Li Zheng , Zhu Chaozhe 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThere are currently five different kinds of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) motor mapping algorithms available, from ordinary point-based algorithms to advanced field-based algorithms. However, there have been only a limited number of comparison studies conducted, and they have not yet examined all of the currently available algorithms. This deficiency impedes the judicious selection of algorithms for application in both clinical and basic neuroscience, and hinders the potential promotion of a potential superior algorithm. Considering the influence of algorithm complexity, further investigation is needed to examine the differences between fMRI peaks and TMS cortical hotspots that were identified previously.MethodsTwelve healthy participants underwent TMS motor mapping and a finger-tapping task during fMRI. The motor cortex TMS mapping results were estimated by five algorithms, and fMRI activation results were obtained. For each algorithm, the prediction error was defined as the distance between the measured scalp hotspot and optimized coil position, which was determined by the maximum electric field strength in the estimated motor cortex. Additionally, the study identified the minimum number of stimuli required for stable mapping. Finally, the location difference between the TMS mapping cortical hotspot and the fMRI activation peak was analyzed.ResultsThe projection yielded the lowest prediction error (5.27 ± 4.24 mm) among the point-based algorithms and the association algorithm yielded the lowest (6.66 ± 3.48 mm) among field-based estimation algorithms. The projection algorithm required fewer stimuli, possibly resulting from its suitability for the grid-based mapping data collection method. The TMS cortical hotspots from all algorithms consistently deviated from the fMRI activation peak (20.52 ± 8.46 mm for five algorithms).ConclusionThe association algorithm might be a superior choice for clinical applications and basic neuroscience research, due to its lower prediction error and higher estimation sensitivity in the deep cortical structure, especially for the sulcus. It also has potential applicability in various other TMS domains, including language area mapping and more. Otherwise, our results provide further evidence that TMS motor mapping intrinsically differs from fMRI motor mapping.
A study on the use of acupoint catgut embedding in the treatment of pre-diabetes: a meta-analysis and data mining approach
Authors: Yu Yunfeng , Xu Xuan , Tan Danni , Yin Yuman , Yang Xinyu , Yu Rong 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe efficacy of acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) for the treatment of pre-diabetes remains controversial. Therefore, this study investigated the clinical efficacy and acupoint selection in ACE for the treatment of pre-diabetes.MethodsEight common databases were searched for relevant literature on ACE for pre-diabetes. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate its efficacy and safety, and data mining was used to explore the protocol for acupoint selection.ResultsThe meta-analysis revealed that compared with conventional treatment alone, conventional treatment combined with ACE reduced the levels of glycated hemoglobin A1c [mean difference (MD) −0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.67 to −0.24%, p &lt; 0.001], fasting blood glucose (MD −0.61 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.87 to −0.36 mmol/L, p &lt; 0.001), 2-h postprandial glucose (MD −0.77 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.98 to −0.55 mmol/L, p &lt; 0.001), total cholesterol (MD −0.37 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.74 to 0.00 mmol/L, p = 0.049), triglyceride (MD −0.49 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.77 to −0.20 mmol/L, p &lt; 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD −0.23 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.33 to −0.12 mmol/L, p &lt; 0.001), and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (MD 0.16 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.27 mmol/L, p = 0.004), whereas changes in the body mass index and the adverse event rates were comparable between groups. Data mining revealed that Pishu (BL20), Weiwanxiashu (EX-B3), Zusanli (ST36), Shenshu (BL23), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Weishu (BL21), and Taixi (KI3) were the core acupoints used in ACE for pre-diabetes.ConclusionACE can effectively improve blood glucose and lipid levels in pre-diabetes patients and has a good safety profile. ACE consisting of Pishu (BL20), Weiwanxiashu (EX-B3), Zusanli (ST36), Shenshu (BL23), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Weishu (BL21), and Taixi (KI3), is a promising complementary strategy for the treatment of pre-diabetes.
Domain Adaptation with Contrastive Learning for Object Detection in Satellite Imagery
Authors: Biswas Debojyoti , Tesic Jelena 
Published: December 2023

<p>State-of-the-art object detection methods applied to satellite and drone imagery largely fail to identify small and dense objects. One reason is the high variability of content in the overhead imagery due to the terrestrial region captured and the high variability of acquisition conditions. Another reason is that the number and size of objects in aerial imagery are very different than in the consumer data. In this work, we propose a small object detection pipeline that improves the feature extraction process by spatial pyramid pooling, cross-stage partial networks, heatmap-based region proposal network, and object localization and identification through a novel image difficulty score that adapts the overall focal loss measure based on the image difficulty. Next, we propose novel contrastive learning with progressive domain adaptation to produce domain-invariant features across aerial datasets using local and global components. We show we can alleviate the degradation of object identification in previously unseen datasets. We create a first-ever domain adaptation benchmark using contrastive learning for the object detection task in highly imbalanced satellite datasets with significant domain gaps and dominant small objects from existing satellite benchmarks—the proposed method results in up to a 7.4% increase in mAP performance measure over the best state-of-art. </p>
Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Masyarakat Dalam Pelaksanaan Protokol Kesehatan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Clara Felicia Regina Fortunata  , Retno Puspitadewi Teresia , Wahyurianto Yasin 
Published: December 2023

The daily increase of cases, with the highest confirmed surge in Covid-19 in the Latsari village, indicates that community compliance with health protocols is still not optimal. The COVID-19 virus continues to spread as a result of non-compliance with health protocols, and it has numerous harmful consequences in various sectors, including health, economic, education, and political sectors. This study aims to describe the knowledge and behavior of the community in implementing health protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic in the RT 03 / RW 02 area, Latsari Village, Tuban District, Tuban Regency. The research design utilized a descriptive method with cross sectional approach. A total of 67 family heads were included in this study, with a sample of 57 families. The sampling technique used in this study was a simple random sampling. Research variables used community knowledge and behavior in implementing health protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the data collecting methods were in the form of a questionnaire. Once the data was collected, it was then processed and tabulated descriptively. According to the results of this study, almost half of the community had a less knowledge about how to implement health protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic, and almost all people had a poor behavior towards the implementation of COVID-19 health protocols. Due to the lack of knowledge and behavior of the community, the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 increased in RT 03 / RW 02 Latsari Village. Several steps that can be taken as an effort to prevent the spread of COVID-19, are that the community is encouraged to implement the 5M movement (wearing masks, washing hands, maintaining distance, staying away from crowds, limiting mobilization and interaction), and providing a place for washing hands in every house with water flowing and antiseptic soap.
Pengaruh CSR Dan Profitabalitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan GCG Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Afifah Dea Agnes , Mutmainah Isbandriyati , Wahidhani Eha Hasni 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) and profitability on firm value with GCG (Good Corporate Governance) as a moderating variable in the Food and Beverages sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in the year 2022. The population in this study consists of Food and Beverages sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2022 period. The sample size for this study is 30 companies. The sampling method employed is purposive sampling, and hypothesis testing is conducted using Moderated Regression Analysis. The results of this research indicate that CSR has a significant impact on firm value, profitability has a significant impact on firm value, and GCG can moderate the influence of CSR and profitability on firm value.

Keywords: CSR, Profitability, Firm Value, GCG
Structuring of Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) Within the Scope of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) Under Latvian and Turkish Law
Authors: Ozoliņš Nikolajs , Akin Nesrin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The establishment of a specific project company most commonly known as a Special Purpose/Project Vehicle (SPV) is a key feature of most Public private partnership (PPP) transactions in Turkey.
According to the competent authority, the SPV is considered to fall under the definition of a Securitisation Special Purpose Vehicle (SSPE) then it should not be considered a financial sector entity. In order to meet the increasing infrastructure needs of Turkey, it is generally accepted necessary to utilise alternative financing models to be provided with the participation of the private sector in addition to the use of public resources. In this framework, PPPs model, which has been widely used in realisation of infrastructure investments in developed and developing countries in recent years, is also applied in Turkey. SPV PPP risks, income and losses usually are shared in proportion to the shares of a public partner and a private partner that they have in a joint venture. However capital companies also bid for the tender opened by the contracting public authority according to the relevant laws. If the tender is awarded to a business partnership or a capital company according to the relevant law, the documents regarding the establishment of the special purpose vehicle shall be requested. Generally, the SPV structured as a joint stock company. SPV is a feasible and an effective option for the lenders and financiers, who take into account the cash flow of the project and security over its assets for the repayments of the debts.
The Problems of In-House Procurement in Lithuanian Public Procurement
Authors: Šimbelytė Sigita 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although the in-house procurement, as an exception to public procurement process, have existed in Lithuanian law for more than a decade and the European Union has expressed a clear positive position on the issue by legalize it in international level with Directive 2014/24/EU, but this legal institute still is not analysed enough in scientific level in order to evaluate its situation and problems in Lithuanian public procurement law. Especially, when in order to find the most optimal legislative regulation of the in-house procurement, the Lithuanian legislator has changed this legal institute many times and in many ways without its clear decision as to how the issue should be regulated in statutory regulation. Therefore, the object of the research is the legal institute of the in-house procurement in Lithuanian public procurement law and the aim of the research is to analyse the peculiarities and problems of this legal regulation and its application in legal practice. The article uses basic research methods such as document analysis, systematic analysis, comparative analysis, the deduction analysis and generalization methods. The analysis of this article shows main problems of this legal institute of Lithuanian public procurement law seen clearly in legal regulation and practice require as well as provide the certain solutions for necessary substantial adjustment of existing legal regulation on this question.
Concept of Implementation of Artificial Intelligence for the Prevention of Conflict of Interest Situations in the Public Sector
Authors: Strelcenoks Jaroslavs 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the article is to obtain, learn and analyse the international experience on the basic principles of artificial intelligence (AI) implementation in the public sector. In the article, the author examines the problems and offers proposals on the legal foundations that must be provided in the concept of introducing AI for the prevention of conflict of interest situations in the public sector. To achieve the goal, the author relies not only on the findings of other authors and the experience of other countries, but presents his own research. The author’s research is based on a survey of Latvian state and local government officials and employees. The author’s research was conducted but not fully completed at the time of submission of the article. However, in the article, the author has summarized the interim conclusions of the study and presents them. The author believes that the topic of the article and the research presented herein will allow a better understanding of the importance of AI technology, the need to regulate it, as well as ensure the safe implementation of AI in the public sector in the future with the aim of minimizing the risks of corruption and conflicts of interest.
From Bona Fides to Laba Ticība: Historical Interpretation of Good Faith Principle in Latvian Law to Protect Payment Service Consumers’ Rights from De-Banking
Authors: Jelisejevs Aleksejs 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper focuses on a scientific analysis of the genesis and historical development of the good faith principle as a doctrinal interpretation of the Latvian regulations’ governing issues when closing a payment account against a consumer’s will. Starting from the origin of bona fides in archaic Roman law and its rediscovery by Justinian’s Corpus Juris Civilis, passing through its application in the western medieval ius commune and its continental renaissance in the early twentieth century, noting its limited place in the Code of Civil Laws of the Baltic Provinces and paying tribute to its triumph in Latvian Civil Law, this paper focuses on the evolution of attitudes towards this principle in modern legal science and case law. This comparative historical research shows that a clear definition of good faith could be found through a system-historical interpretation of the good faith rule. This should help identify the target essence of subjective rights and duties under each legal rule governing specific legal relationships. Therefore, when de-banking, in view of good faith, the target essence of a bank’s right to withdraw from an account contract is to save justice by respecting the justified consumer’s interest in retaining payment services.
The Luminosity Phase Space of Galactic and Extragalactic X-Ray Transients Out to Intermediate Redshifts
Authors: Polzin Ava , Margutti Raffaella , Coppejans Deanne L. , Auchettl Katie , Page Kim L. , Vasilopoulos Georgios , Bright Joe S. , Esposito Paolo , Williams Peter K. G. , Mukai Koji , Berger Edo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present a detailed compilation and analysis of the X-ray phase space of low- to intermediate-redshift (0 ≤ z ≤ 1) transients that consolidates observed light curves (and theory where necessary) for a large variety of classes of transient/variable phenomena in the 0.3–10 keV energy band. We include gamma-ray burst afterglows, supernovae, supernova shock breakouts and shocks interacting with the environment, tidal disruption events and active galactic nuclei, fast blue optical transients, cataclysmic variables, magnetar flares/outbursts and fast radio bursts, cool stellar flares, X-ray binary outbursts, and ultraluminous X-ray sources. Our overarching goal is to offer a comprehensive resource for the examination of these ephemeral events, extending the X-ray duration–luminosity phase space (DLPS) to show luminosity evolution. We use existing observations (both targeted and serendipitous) to characterize the behavior of various transient/variable populations. Contextualizing transient signals in the larger DLPS serves two primary purposes: to identify areas of interest (i.e., regions in the parameter space where one would expect detections, but in which observations have historically been lacking), and to provide initial qualitative guidance in classifying newly discovered transient signals. We find that while the most luminous (largely extragalactic) and least luminous (largely Galactic) part of the phase space is well populated at t > 0.1 days, intermediate-luminosity phenomena (L
X = 1034–1042 erg s−1) represent a gap in the phase space. We thus identify L
X = 1034–1042 erg s−1 and t = 10−4 to 0.1 days as a key discovery phase space in transient X-ray astronomy.