bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The anthropological method for diagnosing mental diseases: On the theory of time structure of Bin Kimura
Authors: Noma Shun'ichi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBin Kimura (1931–2021), the Japanese anthropological psychopathologist and philosopher, attached importance to clinical impressions at psychiatric consultations in order to diagnose mental diseases precisely, and thus proposed his original theory of time structure. According to Kimura's theory of time structure, whether we live by giving weight to the past, the present, or the future can be called “time structure,” and is essentially related to the way we live with others and experience the world. We can obtain some signs for diagnosing mental diseases from the viewpoint of the time structure of each patient. “Ante‐festum” is the time structure in which one lives ahead to the future, and is typical of schizophrenic patients. “Post‐festum” is the time structure in which one is late for oneself, and is typical of patients with endogenous depression. “Intra‐festum” is the time structure in which one lives directly in the present, and is typical of patients with epilepsy or bipolar disorders. The anthropological diagnosis according to Kimura's theory of time structure could complement the operational diagnostic criteria, such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, in daily clinical practice. For example, Kimura's theory of time structure could exercise its ability to discriminate between endogenous and neurotic depression, and between schizophrenia and other delusional psychoses. The theory of time structure and anthropological diagnosis which Bin Kimura proposed in the late 20th century can give us many hints for assessing patients with mental diseases even today.
Deformation of soft substrates during adhesive peel testing
Authors: Gohl Jared A. , Zummo William H. , Jennings Rebecca M. , Defante Adrian P. , Davis Chelsea S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPeeling of pressure‐sensitive adhesives from low modulus substrates such as human skin induces a significant out‐of‐plane deformation at the crack tip. In the context of medical adhesives, this deformation is related to the pain and injury caused to the skin and underlying tissue during removal. Here, a method is presented to measure the out‐of‐plane deformation of elastic substrates as a medical adhesive tape is removed from the surface, a necessary first step in the eventual quantification of pain. Elastic human skin analogs comprised of a simple bilayer with varied moduli across several orders of magnitude are fabricated. Next, a nonporous medical adhesive tape is peeled from these substrates and the deformation is quantified. A model derived from contact mechanics for a rectangular pressure is fit to the experimental data. By correcting for confinement effects and deformation within the adhesive, good agreement is found between the newly reported model in this study and the experimentally observed deformation.
Mechanistic insights into the selectivity of bicyclophosphorothionate antagonists for housefly versus rat GABA receptors
Authors: Zheng Xiaojiao , Liu Genyan , Ozoe Yoshihisa , Ju Xiu‐Lian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDγ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (GABARs) are validated targets of insecticides. Bicyclophosphorothionates are a group of insecticidal compounds that act as noncompetitive antagonists of GABARs. We previously reported that the analogs exhibit various degrees of selectivity for housefly versus rat GABARs, depending on substitutions at the 3‐ and 4‐positions. We here sought to elucidate the unsolved mechanisms of the receptor selectivity using quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics approaches.RESULTSThree‐dimensional (3D)‐QSAR studies using Topomer comparative molecular field analysis quantitatively demonstrated how the introduction of a small alkyl group at the 3‐position of bicyclophosphorothionates contributes to the housefly versus rat GABAR selectivity. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the selective action, bicyclophosphorothionates were docked into housefly Resistance to dieldrin (RDL) GABAR and rat α1β2γ2 GABAR homology models built using the published 3D‐structures of human GABARs as templates. The results of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the 2'Ala and 6'Thr residues of the RDL subunit within the channel are the key amino acids for binding to the housefly GABARs, whereas the 2'Ser residue of γ2 subunit plays a crucial role in binding to rat GABARs.CONCLUSIONWe revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying the selective antagonistic action of bicyclophosphorothionates on housefly versus rat GABARs. The information presented should help design and develop novel, safe GABAR‐targeting insecticides. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Upward social mobility? The capital accumulation of Taiwanese talent in China
Authors: Song Yu‐ling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFrom a nation‐state and regional perspective, global talent flows have traditionally been South−North, and the discourse has focused on brain drain or brain gain. This research extends beyond the South−North spatial structure to investigate Taiwanese talent flows to China, examining why young Taiwanese talent is migrating to China for employment in the complex context of cross‐Strait relations, and how they accumulate capital through their own particular globalized situation and the relationship they construct between capital accumulation and spatial mobility. The fieldwork for the present research included in‐depth interviews conducted in 2018 with 35 young Taiwanese who had relocated to Beijing for work. Results found that Taiwanese talent does not always accumulate capital through spatial mobility, but rather they experience the offset of privilege and depreciation of embodied cultural capital in the place of immigration and continue to accumulate mixed forms of embodied cultural capital such as ‘Chinese experience’ which enable the constant mobility or stop in the future. This research describes the dynamics of spatial mobility of talents caused by the accumulation of embodied cultural capital in countering the globalized situation.
Anticancer activity and other biomedical properties of β‐sitosterol: Bridging phytochemistry and current pharmacological evidence for future translational approaches
Authors: Nandi Sudeshna , Nag Anish , Khatua Somanjana , Sen Surjit , Chakraborty Nilanjan , Naskar Arghya , Acharya Krishnendu , Calina Daniela , Sharifi‐Rad Javad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSterols, including β‐sitosterol, are essential components of cellular membranes in both plant and animal cells. Despite being a major phytosterol in various plant materials, comprehensive scientific knowledge regarding the properties of β‐sitosterol and its potential applications is essential for scholarly pursuits and utilization purposes. β‐sitosterol shares similar chemical characteristics with cholesterol and exhibits several pharmacological activities without major toxicity. This study aims to bridge the gap between phytochemistry and current pharmacological evidence of β‐sitosterol, focusing on its anticancer activity and other biomedical properties. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of β‐sitosterol's potential for future translational approaches. A thorough examination of the literature was conducted to gather relevant information on the biological properties of β‐sitosterol, particularly its anticancer therapeutic potential. Various databases were searched, including PubMed/MedLine, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science using appropriate keywords. Studies investigating the effects of β‐sitosterol on different types of cancer were analyzed, focusing on mechanisms of action, pharmacological screening, and chemosensitizing properties. Modern pharmacological screening studies have revealed the potential anticancer therapeutic properties of β‐sitosterol against various types of cancer, including leukemia, lung, stomach, breast, colon, ovarian, and prostate cancer. β‐sitosterol has demonstrated chemosensitizing effects on cancer cells, interfering with multiple cell signaling pathways involved in proliferation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, survival, metastasis invasion, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Structural derivatives of β‐sitosterol have also shown anti‐cancer effects. However, research in the field of drug delivery and the detailed mode of action of β‐sitosterol‐mediated anticancer activities remains limited. β‐sitosterol, as a non‐toxic compound with significant pharmacological potential, exhibits promising anticancer effects against various cancer types. Despite being relatively less potent than conventional cancer chemotherapeutics, β‐sitosterol holds potential as a safe and effective nutraceutical against cancer. Further comprehensive studies are recommended to explore the biological properties of β‐sitosterol, including its mode of action, and develop novel formulations for its potential use in cancer treatment. This review provides a foundation for future investigations and highlights the need for further research on β‐sitosterol as a potent superfood in combating cancer.
Observation impact metrics in NWP: A theoretical study. Part II: Systems with suboptimal observation errors
Authors: Eyre J. R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTwo methods are widely used to assess the impact of observations in global numerical weather prediction (NWP): data denial experiments (DDEs) and the forecast sensitivity‐based observation impact (FSOI) method. A DDE measures the impact on forecast accuracy of removing an observation type from the system, whereas FSOI estimates the amount by which an observation type reduces the short‐range forecast error within a system containing all observation types. This article describes the second part of a two‐part study. In the first part, the theory behind DDE and FSOI metrics was presented and then applied to a simple model with two state variables, all in the context of optimal data assimilation (DA), for which the error covariances used in the DA system match reality. The article showed why and under what conditions the DDE and FSOI metrics give different results, even for an optimal DA system. In this second part, we extend the theory to suboptimal systems, and specifically to systems that are suboptimal in their specification of observation errors, and then apply it to a very simple model, in this case with one state variable. As expected, DDE impacts are reduced when the system is suboptimal. By contrast, relative FSOI impacts (i.e. relative to those of other observation types) increase for an observation type for which the errors are underestimated. This gives the erroneous impression that the change in assumed errors has led to an improvement, whereas the opposite is the case. These results provide some insights into the interpretation of FSOI results from a suboptimal DA system.
Fruit growing direction recognition and nesting grasping strategies for tomato harvesting robots
Authors: Zheng Xiajun , Rong Jiacheng , Zhang Zhiqin , Yang Yan , Li Wei , Yuan Ting 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the potential of robotic harvesting in greenhouse tomato production has garnered significant attention within the tomato industry. However, there is a lack of sufficient research on the complete replacement of manual harvesting with this technology. In this paper, we propose a tomato harvesting method that utilizes a nesting approach to simplify the process and minimize damage. The paper describes the tomato harvesting robot prototype, the visual system equipped with three vision‐based tomato detectors: YOLOv5_CBAM, which incorporates a convolutional block attention module; YOLOv5_SE, enhanced with a squeeze‐and‐excitation block; and a standard YOLOv5s model. Additionally, a novel shear gripping method for fruit bunches is presented, utilizing a bottom‐up snapping technique during harvesting. Point cloud data are utilized to determine the position of the tomato's main stem and bunch. The paper includes field tests and experimental findings, which indicate that the YOLOv5_CBAM model achieves the highest precision (82.62%) and recall (82.57%), outperforming YOLOv5_SE and standard YOLOv5s. Field experiments demonstrate that the improved end‐effector and vision system have significantly enhanced the robot's performance, achieving a 57.5% harvesting success rate in just 14.9 s.
Exploring the connectivity between rhizosphere microbiomes and the plant genes: A way forward for sustainable increase in primary productivity
Authors: Fadiji Ayomide E. , Barmukh Rutwik , Varshney Rajeev K. , Singh Brajesh K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe plant genome and its microbiome act together to enhance survival and promote host growth under various stresses. Plant microbiome plays an important role in plant productivity via a multitude of mechanisms including provision of nutrients and resistance against different biotic and abiotic factors. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for plant microbiome interactions remain largely unknown. Nevertheless, gaining a deeper understanding of the plant genetic traits driving microbiome recruitments and assembly holds the potential to greatly enhance our capacity to utilize the microbiome effectively, leading to sustainable improvements in agricultural productivity and produce quality. This article explores the mutual influence of specific plant genes in modulating the rhizosphere (area around plant roots) microbiome, and how this rhizosphere microbiome impacts the plant genes, ultimately enhancing plant health and productivity. It further examines the effects of various rhizosphere microbiota, including Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum, Trichoderma spp., on plant development, immunology and the expression of host functional genes. We conclude that the adoption of a hologenomics approach (i.e., considering both the plant genome and the genomes of all microorganisms colonizing the plant) can significantly advance our understanding of plant resistance and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. This approach can offer improved solutions for agronomic challenges in the future. Furthermore, within this context, we identify key knowledge gaps within the discipline and propose frameworks that may be employed in the future to harness plant–microbial interactions effectively, leading to a sustainable increase in farm productivity.
The role of embodied scaffolding in revealing “enactive potentialities” in intergenerational science exploration
Authors: Nygren Minna O. , Price Sara , Thomas Jha Rhiannon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough adults are known to play an important role in young children's development, little work has focused on the enactive features of scaffolding in informal learning settings, and the embodied dynamics of intergenerational interaction. To address this gap, this paper undertakes a microinteractional analysis to examine intergenerational collaborative interaction in a science museum setting. The paper presents a fine‐grained moment‐by‐moment analysis of video‐recorded interaction of children and their adult carers around science‐themed objects. Taking an enactive cognition perspective, the analysis enables access to subtle shifts in interactants’ perception, action, gesture, and movement to examine how young children engage with exhibits, and the role adult action plays in supporting young children's engagement with exhibits and developing ideas about science. Our findings demonstrate that intergenerational “embodied scaffolding” is instrumental in making “enactive potentialities” in the environment more accessible for children, thus deepening and enriching children's engagement with science. Adult action is central to revealing scientific dimensions of objects’ interaction and relationships in ways that expose novel types of perception and action opportunities in shaping science experiences and meaning making. This has implications for science education practices since it foregrounds not only “doing” science, through active hands‐on activities, but also speaks to the interconnectedness between senses and the role of the body in thinking. Drawing on the findings, this paper also offers design implications for informal science learning environments.
A legitimacy‐based view of the impact of government venture capital on startup innovation: Evidence from a transition economy
Authors: Devarakonda Ramakrishna , Liu Aqi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study examines the role of government venture capital (GVC) on startup innovation in a transition economy context. Drawing on institutional theory, we advance a contextual view of GVC by proposing that GVC positively impacts the innovation of startups in transition economies by serving as a sociocognitive legitimating endorsement. Furthermore, our study offers a contingent framework by showing that GVC endorsement will be more meaningful for startups deficient in organizational sources of legitimacy, such as political ties and social prestige. Regression analyses using a longitudinal data of Chinese venture‐backed biopharma and medical device startups founded during 2002–2017 offer broad support for our theory about the sociocognitive legitimating role of GVC in transition economy contexts.Managerial SummaryWe explore the role of government venture capital (GVC) in promoting startup innovation within transition economies. In such contexts, where startups often face skepticism and legitimacy issues, our research reveals that GVC can play a crucial role by providing socio‐cognitive legitimacy. Our study suggests that this “state backing” enables transition economy startups to gain the trust of external knowledge resource holders, enhancing their innovation prospects. Our findings emphasize the significance of GVC as a means of active government intervention for fostering startup innovation, especially for startups deficient in other avenues of legitimacy. This insight is valuable for entrepreneurs and policymakers in transition economy contexts.
Flexible Ti3C2Tx MXene Bonded Bio‐Derived Carbon Fibers Support Tin Disulfide for Fast and Stable Sodium Storage
Authors: Wang Mingrui , Li Dongdong , Xu Hao , Wang Lili , Li Yilin , Li Guangshe , Li Junzhi , Han Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHigh energy density and flexible electrodes, which have high mechanical properties and electrochemical stability, are critical to the development of wearable electronics. In this work, a free‐standing MXene bonded SnS2 composited nitrogen‐doped carbon fibers (MXene/SnS2@NCFs) film is reported as a flexible anode for sodium‐ion batteries. SnS2 nanoparticles with high‐capacity properties are covalently decorated in bio‐derived nitrogen‐doped 1D carbon fibers (SnS2@NCFs) and further assembled with highly conductive MXene sheets. The addition of bacterial cellulose (BC) can further improve the flexibility of the film. The unique 3D structure of points, lines, and planes can not only offset the disadvantage of low conductivity of SnS2 nanoparticles but also expand the distance between MXene sheets, which is conducive to the penetration of electrolytes. More importantly, the MXene sheets and N‐doped 1D carbon fibers (NCFs) can accommodate the large volume expansion of SnS2 nanoparticles and trap polysulfide during the cycle. The MXene/SnS2@NCFs film exhibits better sodium storage and excellent rate performance compared to the SnS2@NCFs. The in situ XRD and ex situ (XRD, XPS, and HRTEM) techniques are used to analyze the sodiation process and to deeply study the reaction mechanism of the films. Finally, the quasi‐solid‐state full cells with MXene/SnS2@NCFs and Na3V2(PO4)3@carbon cloth (NVP@CC) fully demonstrate the application potential of the flexible electrodes.
Fused Cycloalkyl Unit‐Functionalized Tetradentate Pt(II) Complexes for Efficient and Narrow‐Emitting Deep Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Cheong Kiun , Jo Unhyeok , Hong Wan Pyo , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA blue tetradentate Pt(II) complex named Pt‐tmCyCz is developed by introducing a cycloalkyl unit fused to carbazole to improve the rigidity and bulkiness of the complex. The introduction of the tetramethylcyclohexyl (tmCy) group results in a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM), a high horizontal emitting dipole orientation, doping concentration resistant stable spectrum, and extremely small efficiency roll‐off, and little concentration quenching effect. Phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) doped with Pt‐tmCyCz achieve a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21.5%, with a small EQE roll‐off of 3.8% up to 1000 cd m−2, a small FWHM of 24 nm, and a color coordinate of (0.132, 0.138). Moreover, Pt‐tmCyCz is investigated as a sensitizer in phosphor‐sensitized OLEDs using N7,N7,N13,N13,5,9,11,15‐octaphenyl‐5,9,11,15‐tetrahydro‐5,9,11,15‐tetraaza‐19b,20b‐diboradinaphtho[3,2,1‐de:1′,2′,3′‐jk]pentacene‐7,13‐diamine (νDABNA) as a terminal emitter. The Pt‐tmCyCz:νDABNA device achieves a high EQE of 33.9%, with a small EQE roll‐off of only 8.0% up to 1 000 cd m−2. The results demonstrate that fused tmCy group in carbazole can be an effective building block for the development of high‐performance Pt(II) complexes, which can be utilized as efficient phosphors or sensitizers in OLEDs.
Engineering systems analysis of mobility in Odawara city: New transportation services impacts on community engagement
Authors: Kimura Keiji , Moser Bryan R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLocal cities in Japan are struggling with aging and decreasing populations. Elderly people and parents with young children are uniquely challenged when accessing public transportation, a key to increasing their community engagement and improving local cities' sustainability. This research investigates the introduction of new transportation modes and fares on community engagement of both elderly people and parents of young children. An urban systems model which integrates mobility and civic functions is evaluated by agent‐based simulation to analyze various policies’ impacts on community engagement and financial performance. The model is applied to Odawara City, a typical local city of nearly 200,000 people in Japan. For this case study, two policies which strongly subsidize a community bus and partially subsidize a door‐to‐door van were predicted to generate 10% or greater engagement for the elderly without a financial loss compared to the current baseline case. More specifically, community engagement of elderly people and parents with young children are predicted to increase by 11% with positive (0.25 M yen) net present value per person when the fare of community buses is 100 yen and that of door‐to‐door vans is 300 yen. However, no synergistic effect driven by policies favoring elderly people and those favoring parents is found. Still, the measures to support elderly people's transportation accessibility do not harm the parents’ behavior but rather support their daily activities. The method is demonstrated to be useful for designing new mobility policy in light of a specific population with demographic residential distribution and existing transportation network.