bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cohesive force of the norm
Authors: Marcelli Miroslav 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The paper analyzes assumptions and manifestations of the normatively adopted rules. The starting point is the presentation of the alternative of normativism vs. descriptivism, as it is understood by some contemporary theories of language, mind and cognition. In the next parts, the paper focuses on deontological aspects of processes of thinking and reasoning. In this context the social and cultural function of norms is stressed. Searle’s emphasis on norms as a social ‘glue’ is linked with theories of the deontic introduction. Special attention is paid to considerations that J. Dolník devoted to the cohesive force of language.
Language and communication education at school and other language education between linguistic feeling and linguistic intelligence
Authors: Svobodová Jana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The author reflects on the specific ambivalence between linguistic feeling and linguistic intelligence, which many native language users encounter from the beginning of school language education. A similar duality of the relationship to the mother (native) language can also be felt by any adult individual who is interested in the valid language norm and its current fulfillment in the national communication space, and therefore formulates his or her comments on real “language life” or raises questions addressed to experts in language issues. The author tries to suggest ways to a solution both in educational practice and at the level of language education and language counselling for the wider public. Her approach is based on the current situation in the Czech Republic compared to some features in the Slovak environment.
On the research of children’s text comprehension
Authors: Liptáková Ľudmila 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The paper presents theoretical background and empirical research on text comprehension processes of a junior school-age child. The first part of the paper discusses the most influential models of text comprehension and inference making as centrally important component of comprehension. The research findings concerning children’s text comprehension are discussed as well. Further, we present our ongoing empirical research, which focuses on children’s inference making when listening to and reading an informational, narrative, and multimodal text. We focus both on the online and offline inferences, i.e., on the inferences during and after listening to and reading the text. The aim of the research is to find out how children make different types of inferences and to compare their individual skills in inference making. The last part of the paper outlines preliminary data collected via retelling technique after reading the informational text. The data indicate individual differences between children in processing and verbalising information from the text and beyond the text. However, to draw complex conclusions about individual inference making profiles of children, further research is needed.
What linguists emphasize about conditions and what logicians emphasize and what each should take from the other
Authors: Gahér František 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the first part of the study, we proposed that logicians adopt from linguists their detailed distinction of conditions on a scale of varying degrees of satisfiability from factually true via potentially satisfiable to absolutely irreal. On this basis, we have proposed a suitable distinction for the logico-semantic investigation of conditionals of the following kinds: Factual, hypothetical (agnostic), counterfactual, and counterpossible. We consider the syntactic-semantic distinction between potentially and absolutely irreal conditions to be crucial. Therefore, we think that the conditional mode in the form of antepreterite is an appropriate syntactic signal for identifying the absolute irreality of the condition and, especially in scientific and artistic style, we consider it functional. On the other hand, the distinction between sufficient and necessary conditions could be inspiring for linguists. In classical logic, these are the basic kinds of conditions and are associated with the rules of deductive reasoning modus ponens and modus tollens, respectively. These rules are central to the application of logic. It turns out that these tools are not sufficiently established in Slovak linguistics, as there is no systematic distinction between sufficient and necessary conditions. The situation in czech dictionaries is similar. Finally, we have put forward a hypothesis why the conjunction unless is considered in Slovak linguistics as a double – in our opinion wrongly – of the conjunction only: There is a “forgotten” ellipsis behind it, which is not brought to the reader’s attention.
Formation the links between circularity and sustainability in the circular economy
Authors: Lingaitienė Olga , Burinskienė Aurelija 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, many new questions arise regarding the creation and setting of goals for a sustainable circular economy. The study focused on exploring the connections between the concepts of circularity and sustainability in the circular economy. Sustainability aspects integrated into long-term circular economy processes have a clear impact on the environment, the economy and political decisions. The study examines the factors that contribute to and influence the formation of the circular economy and reveals the connection between circularity and sustainability. After reviewing the literature on the links between circularity and sustainability, the theoretical methods that are most often applied to examine aspects of circularity and sustainability have been identified and reviewed. It was also conducted by bibliometric analysis for 2021-2023 which helps to identify current trends and found that the number of studies analysed included five groups which show that the studies are focused on impact, production, end, review and value. The results of the bibliometric analysis show that circularity has links with supply chain, sustainability, material circularity, efficiency and value. The authors have presented research by topic because knowledge is needed to fill existing gaps.
Simulation and prediction of water temperature in a water transfer channel during winter periods using a new approach based on the wavelet noise reduction-deep learning method
Authors: Cheng Tiejie , Wang Jun , Sui Jueyi , Song Feihu , Fu Hui , Wang Tao , Guo Xinlei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In winter, the water transfer channel of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project (MR-StNWTP) in China always encounters ice problems. The preciously simulation and prediction of water temperature is essential for analyzing the ice condition, which is important for the safety control of the water transfer channel in winter. Due to the difference of specific heat between water and air, when the air temperature rises and falls dramatically, the range of change of water temperature is relatively small and has a lag, which often affects the accuracy of simulation and prediction of water temperature based on air temperature. In the present study, a new approach for simulating and predicting water temperature in water transfer channels in winter has been proposed. By coupling the neural network theory to equations describing water temperature, a model has been developed for predicting water temperature. The temperature data of prototype observations in winter are preprocessed through the wavelet decomposition and noise reduction. Then, the wavelet soft threshold denoising method is used to eliminate the fluctuation of certain temperature data of prototype observations, and the corresponding water temperature is calculated afterward. Compared to calculation results using both general neural network and multiple regression approaches, the calculation results using the proposed model agree well with those of prototype measurements and can effectively improve the accuracy of prediction of water temperature.
Numerical investigation of dam break flow over erodible beds with diverse substrate level variations
Authors: Khoshkonesh Alireza , Nsom Blaise , Okhravi Saeid , Dehrashid Fariba Ahmadi , Heidarian Payam , DiFrancesco Silvia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the influence of substrate level difference and material composition on dam break wave evolution over two different erodible beds. Utilizing the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, we tracked free surface advection and reproduced wave evolution using experimental data from the literature. For model validation, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis encompassed mesh resolution, turbulence simulation methods, and bed load transport equations. The implementation of Large Eddy Simulation (LES), non-equilibrium sediment flux, and van Rijn’s (1984) bed load formula yielded higher accuracy compared to alternative approaches. The findings emphasize the significant effect of substrate level difference and material composition on dam break morphodynamic characteristics. Decreasing substrate level disparity led to reduced flow velocity, wavefront progression, free surface height, substrate erosion, and other pertinent parameters. Initial air entrapment proved substantial at the wavefront, illustrating pronounced air-water interaction along the bottom interface. The Shields parameter experienced a one-third reduction as substrate level difference quadrupled, with the highest near-bed concentration observed at the wavefront. This research provides fresh insights into the complex interplay of factors governing dam break wave propagation and morphological changes, advancing our comprehension of this intricate phenomenon.
Testing sensitivity of BILAN and GR2M models to climate conditions in the Gambia River Basin
Authors: Ba Doudou , Langhammer Jakub , Maca Petr , Bodian Ansoumana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the performance of two lumped hydrological models, BILAN and GR2M, in simulating runoff across six catchments in the Gambia River Basin (Senegal) over a 30-year period employing a 7-year sliding window under different climatic conditions. The results revealed differences in overall performance and variable sensitivity of the models to hydrological conditions and calibration period lengths, stemming from their different structure and complexity. In particular, the BILAN model, which is based on a more complex set of parameters, showed better overall results in simulating dry conditions, while the GR2M model had superior performance in wet conditions. The study emphasized the importance of the length of the calibration period on model performance and on the reduction of uncertainty in the results. Extended calibration periods for both models narrowed the range of the Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) values and reduced the loss of performance during the parameter transfer from calibration to validation. For the BILAN model, a longer calibration period also significantly reduced the variability of performance metric values. Conversely, for the GR2M model, the variability rate did not decrease with the length of the calibration periods. Testing both models under variable conditions underscored the crucial role of comprehending model structure, hydrological sensitivity, and calibration strategy effects on simulation accuracy and uncertainty for reliable results.
Management of professional education focusing on the teaching of the Slovak Language as a Foreign Language in the context of emigration processes
Authors: Onušková Mária , Pisoňová Mária 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Society in Slovakia is currently determined by upheavals that are linked to global events. Slovak education is most significantly affected by the war in Ukraine. It is connected with the emigration of foreigners to our territory and the subsequent inclusion of pupils with a different language in primary and secondary schools. Based on this extraordinary situation, there is a need to respond to it flexibly and efficiently. Appropriate management mechanisms based on the principles of school management and educational technology are required with a focus on ensuring adequate preparation of Slovak language teachers for teaching pupils whose mother tongue is other than Slovak. Effective tools for solving the situation has not been created by the Slovak education system. The fulfillment of this challenge is the necessary implementation of an analysis of the high-quality educational needs of teachers and the subsequent implementation of its results for the creation of a suitable educational platform, either as part of undergraduate training or further professional education of teaching staff.
The presented study is therefore focused on the description of the theoretical foundations of the term professional education of Slovak language and literature teachers with an emphasis on the teaching of the Slovak language as a foreign language. The results of empirical research identifying and analyzing the educational needs of the concerned teaching staff through adequate research methods are included. At the end of the scientific study, the key determinants of the creation of specific educational programs intended for the education of pupils with a mother tongue other than Slovak will be presented.
Implementation of moral education by teachers of foreign languages
Authors: Ferková Štefánia , Zacharová Zlatica 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Teaching a foreign language is often associated with the development of communicative competence, interpersonal and social development, but also with the development of intercultural competence, aesthetic sensitivity, etc., as when learning a second language, the topics of literature, geographical and cultural differences with respect to the language and culture of the countries speaking the language are discussed. FL is the subject which can provide pupils with the greatest scope for developing the various components of education, as is documented by a review of the literature and teaching methods used abroad to teach a FL. A total of 342 teachers from Slovakia participated in the survey, 55 of them FL teachers. In our research, we focused on three areas, namely, 1) finding out the conditions for implementing moral education in primary school, 2) finding out whether foreign language teachers implement the moral component of education depending on their own moral setting, and 3) academic dishonesty in the context of assessing dishonest practices in pupils and academic dishonesty in teachers during their studies. Teachers participated in the research voluntarily and could refuse to complete the last section. 1) The results show that, FL teachers (N = 55) rate the need for moral education as the most important, but they are mostly concerned with intellectual (M = 4.09), physical (M = 3.56) and environmental education (M = 3.47) in the application of the different components of education. For better application of moral education, they would need adequate and quality training (67.3%) and methodological materials (78.2%). 2) it was found that teachers consider themselves as the basis of moral behaviour (M = 4.7) and at the same time, explicit rules set by them are important for them (M=3.75). Teachers do not trust in the moral behaviour of children and society (M = 2.25), which was also reflected in the fact that the treatment of moral topics is mainly done by the method of explanation (85.5%) and the method of example (80%). 3) Teachers rated the factor of gaining one’s own advantage (M = 4.27) significantly more negatively (N2 = 45; Z = -5.225; p = 0.0001) than the factor of cooperating with others (M = 3.24). On the other hand, FL teachers (N3 = 44) reported their academic dishonesty in terms of occurrence most frequently as a form of cooperation (M = 2.68). Relatively, they defined getting unearned benefits with external help (M = 2.16) or in a utilitarian manner (M = 1.72). We discuss ways to help develop moral education and support teachers.
Melancholy in selected contemporary Amharic novel The novel Yäqənat Zār -“Zār of Jealousy”
Authors: Dibekulu Dawit , Dagnew Tesfaye , Meskel Tesfamaryam G/ 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article aims to analyse the representation of melancholy and to find out the causes and effects of melancholy in the characters in the selected Amharic novels (with reference to the novel Yäqənat Zār (“Zār of Jealousy”). It employs the intrinsic psychoanalytic theory of literature specifically theory of mourning and melancholy. This study is sought with interpretative paradigm, a qualitative approach and descriptive research design to reveal the issue of the novel. The object of the study is novel by Sisay Nigusu Yäqənat Zār (“Zār of Jealousy). It describes how someone (Literary characters in the novel) developed melancholia after the loss of someone loved. The findings of the study indicate that the major characters experienced melancholy, as evidenced by their altered behaviour, alignment, self-blame, death wishes, and paralysis. It was also discovered that the reason behind her melancholy was the unexpected passing of her partner, as well as the loss of his wife and family, respectively.
Mapping the Parameter Space of Simulated Lotteries
Authors: Gere István 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study presents an econophysics based approach to the study of lotteries. By treating lotteries as complex systems we analyse the guiding dynamics of real-world lotteries. We found that the growth of the jackpot, that can be won, between two successive draws is proportional to its preceding value. This growth is best described as a linear function with two parameters a and b reflecting foundational player pool sales and the excitement generated by the current jackpot respectively. A computer simulation considering additional parameters (such as the price of a ticket: s, and the format of the lottery: p) is used to study the statistical features of simulated lotteries covering a vast parameter space. This approach enables us to construct a detailed map of how various parameters influence lottery behaviour by examining the statistical characteristics of the simulated lotteries. The findings emphasize the need for thoughtful pricing strategies in real-world lotteries and suggest that simulations can assist organizers in making informed decisions.
Socio-Environmental Overview of The Main Sugarcane Producing Municipalities in Sergipe Between the Years of 2001 and 2022
Authors: De Lima Rafael Rodrigo Ferreira , De Sousa Inajá Francisco , Teixeira Antônio Heriberto de Castro , Villwock Ana Paula Schervinski 
Published: February 2024

Objective: Analysis of the socio-environmental situation of the main sugarcane producing municipalities in the state of Sergipe, in the period between 2001 and 2022.

Theoretical Framework: Sugarcane cultivation represents an important economic role for communities and countries that produce this commodity. In this scenario, Brazil emerges as the main sugarcane producer on the planet and, along with the benefits arising from the agro-industrial sugarcane production chain, there are socio-environmental problems arising from the anthropization of the landscape and natural resources allocated in the production of co-products of this culture that need to be reviewed in light of climate emergencies and the demands of different social actors.

Method: The research has an exploratory nature, using scientific articles available from Science Direct and Capes Periodical Platform and secondary data collected on the Mapbiomas and Terrabrasilis platforms.

Results and conclusions: The results showed the dissonance between the global analysis of environmental degradation indicators, such as fires and deforestation, and the data relating to each municipality analyzed. And it was concluded that there is an urgent need to re-analyze public policies for monitoring and controlling socio-environmental indicators in order to contain the anthropization processes caused by sugarcane cultivation.

Implications of the research: This research allows us to clearly understand the socio-environmental dynamics caused by sugarcane cultivation in the main sugarcane producing municipalities of Sergipe, in order to contribute to a realistic debate on the current stage of environmental degradation and on the construction of the near future due to social and environmental demands arising from changes in the climate.

Originality/value: No analysis was found on the set of municipalities studied based on the main agricultural crop produced, which implies a scenario of exploration that is not only reflective and political but also open to new work that can be developed in each of these municipalities separately, or together, with the purpose of bringing quality of life and conscious and environmentally appropriate development to the communities in this group of municipalities and to the state of Sergipe.
Studi Kinerja Mesin Diesel Berbahan Bakar Campuran Biodiesel Kacang Tanah Dan Solar
Authors: Gusriwandi  , Havendri Adly , Chandra Devi 
Published: February 2024

Biodiesel is an oil produced from vegetable oils or animal fats. Peanut is one of the vegetable that can be used to produce biodiesel due to its high vegetable oil content. This research was conducted to investigate fatty acid characteristics of biodiesel produced from peanut and perfomance of a diesel engine which is fueled by mixture of peanut biodiesel and diesel fuel. Biodiesel was produced by some processes namely degumming, free fatty acid content testing, esterification and transesterification. It was produced 1450 ml biodiesel per 10 kg peanuts. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry device was used to determine fatty acid content of peanut biodiesel which consists of 52.77% of oleic acid, 16.59% of palmitic acid and 10.63% of behenic acid, respectively. Four mixtures of peanut biodiesel and diesel fuel were created, namely B0 (pure diesel fuel) , B5, B10, B20 where index number is percentage of biodiesel in the mixture. These mixtures were applied to fuel an engine diesel to observe engine perfomances with variation of load and speed on engine. The best engine perfomance result from experiments was found using B20 with spesific fuel consumption (SFC) value is 0.175 kg/kWh at 30 psi of load and 1250 rpm engine speed, the air-fuel ratio (AFR) is 15,26 at 20 psi of load and 1500 rpm engine speed and termal eficiency is 46.37 percent at 30 of load and 1250 rpm engine speed.
Validação de tecnologia audiovisual direcionada à cuidadores de pacientes em uso de nutrição enteral domiciliar
Authors: Campos Marina Goreth Silva de , Brasil Alódia , Santos Thais de Oliveira Carvalho Granado , Cabral André dos Santos , Silva Vânia Maria Barboza da , Souza Givago da Silva 
Published: February 2024

Objetivos: Validar uma tecnologia audiovisual na forma de vídeos educativos para auxiliar nas orientações nutricionais de pacientes em uso de Terapia Nutricional Enteral Domiciliar (TNED). Métodos: Estudo do tipo metodológico, que visou validar uma tecnologia educativa, na forma de quatro vídeos educativos direcionados aos cuidadores de pacientes em uso de TNED. Foram selecionados juízes avaliadores das áreas de medicina, enfermagem e nutrição que se enquadravam nos critérios estabelecidos. Os participantes receberam os vídeos e o questionário de validação por meio digital. Foram excluídos do estudo aqueles que não responderam ao questionário em até quinze dias. Resultados: A validação da tecnologia educativa contou com a participação de oito juízes. Todos possuíam algum nível de pós-graduação, como mestrado ou especialização. A maioria era nutricionista (75%), seguida de um profissional da medicina e um da enfermagem (12,5% cada). A série de vídeos teve o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de 0,98. Conclusão: A série de vídeos educativos obteve pontuação maior que o mínimo para ser considerada válida, podendo ser reproduzida em meios de comunicação e disponibilizada aos serviços de saúde para o uso pelos profissionais da equipe multiprofissional.