bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eleutherococcus senticosus Alleviates Aristolochic-Acid-Induced Acute Kidney Damage by Inhibiting the NLRP3/IL-1β Signaling Pathway in Mice
Authors: Zhang Jian-hui , Gao Mei-zhu , Chen Qian , Chen Ting , Ruan Dan-dan , Wu Min , Huang Fang-meng , Luo Jie-wei , Zhu Yao-bin , Chen Li 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Eleutherococcus senticosus (ES) exerts various pharmacological effects, including renoprotection in a rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of ES on aristolochic acid (AA)-induced acute kidney injury in mice. The experimental mice were divided into the control group, the model group (AA-induced acute kidney injury model), the model + ES group (Eleutherococcus senticosus boiled-free granules treated by gavage for two weeks), the model + fasudil group (fasudil administered intraperitoneally for three days), and the model + ES + fasudil group. After AA intervention in normal mice, the expression of ASC and NLRP3 and the levels of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α were significantly elevated in mouse renal tissues (P < 0.05). However, AA-induced renal dysfunction was ameliorated by both ES and fasudil, which was confirmed by the decrease
in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, as well as by renal histopathological abnormalities such as renal tubule dilation and tubular formation. In addition, the inflammatory response of AA-induced renal inflammation was inhibited by both ES and fasudil, and the expression of ASC and NLRP3 and the levels of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α were significantly higher in mouse renal tissues after the treatment of either ES or fasudil (P < 0.05). ES may be a potential treatment agent for aristolochic-acid-triggered nephropathy, with inhibition of the NLRP3/IL-1β as one plausible underlying mechanism.
Étude comparative des constructions à “agent” sous-déterminé en français
Authors: Johnsen Laure Anne 
Published: January 2025

Résumé
Cet article vise à comparer trois structures qui servent à exprimer en français un procès dont l’“agent” est
sous-déterminé : (1) ils V (ils ont construit le groupe scolaire), (2) le passif court
(le groupe scolaire a été construit) (3) on V (on a construit le groupe
scolaire). Reposant sur un corpus d’exemples principalement tirés de l’oral, l’analyse examine les contextes où les
trois procédés entrent en concurrence et s’efforce de faire ressortir les spécificités de chacun. Sur le plan sémantique, les
agents impliqués présentent des différences sur les traits du nombre, d’humanité et d’inclusion du locuteur. À ces distinctions
s’ajoutent, selon la construction, des manières contrastées d’envisager le procès, au niveau de l’aspect et de la structure
actantielle.
The discourse function of verbal aspect in Ecuadorian
Siona
Authors: Christiaans Jelle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In addition to indicating whether or not events have come to an
end at a reference time (temporal function), the opposition between imperfective
aspect and perfective aspect in Ecuadorian Siona can also fulfil a discourse
function. Imperfective forms of the verb caye ‘to say’ can
signal that a speech act will be followed by a reaction or an addition, whereas
perfective forms can signal that this is not the case. This discourse function is related to the temporal function through metaphor. This particular discourse
function is an addition to the typology of non-temporal functions of verbal
aspect.
Dialect variation in Dutch manner adverbs
Authors: Cloin-Tavenier Lex 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Some Dutch manner adverbs are marked with diminutive morphology and ‘adverbial -s’; cf.
still-etje-s (quiet-DIM-S) ‘quietly’. This morphological material interacts with comparative/superlative
formation: in Standard Dutch (SD), comparatives/superlatives of diminutive manner adverbs (DMAs) are ill-formed. Dialect reference
grammars and novel questionnaire data reveal variation that is unaccounted for; some dialects allow comparative/superlative
DMAs.
I propose a unified analysis of SD and dialectal DMA patterns. Based on a discussion of morphosyntactic and
semantic properties of the Dutch diminutive and prior analysis of -s, I propose that DMAs decompose into a
phrasal category featuring a manner noun marked by diminutive morphology and a small clause headed by -s. This
analysis of DMAs is comparable to that of Dutch blootshoofds ‘bare-headed’. Identified loci of variable affix
ordering and variation between SD and dialects are PF/linearization and variation in the functional domain, respectively.
Als dan or dan als?
Authors: van der Leer Thomas J.C. , Hogeweg Lotte 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dutch conditional sentences can occur in canonical clause order, such that the antecedent precedes the consequent,
but also in non-canonical order, with the antecedent in sentence-final position. One explanation for the existence of this variety
lies in the implicatures they convey: predictive conditionals have what Reuneker (2022)
labels a more direct connectedness, possibly resulting in a larger preference for the canonical order than speech act
conditionals, which are known for their indirect connectedness. Clause order preference could also be influenced by the desire to
optimise discourse coherency (Lee 2001). We put these two factors to the test in an
online experiment and found evidence for both theories but not for their interaction. Interestingly, we also found a general
preference for the canonical order across all conditions.
A comparative examination of the efficiency of sequestering carbon in US agricultural soils
Authors: Antle John M. , Capalbo Susan M. , Mooney Siân , Elliott Edward T. , Paustian Keith H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper demonstrates the need to integrate biophysical and economic data to assess the competitiveness of US agriculture to provide soil carbon (C) and participate in a market for C credits. The paper discusses alternative methods of calculating the costs of soil C sequestration and compares the cost of sequestering soil C in Iowa and Montana. Results indicate that the opportunity cost per Mg of sequestered C varies in response to regional resource endowments and net returns. Economic models show that Montana could sequester a relatively small amount of soil C annually at a lower opportunity cost per Mg than Iowa, but Iowa can sequester larger quantities more efficiently. These results are compared with estimates of the cost of C sequestration from other domestic and international studies, and suggest that US agriculture could be competitive in domestic or international markets for C reduction credits.
Promotion of sustainably produced foods: Customer response in Minnesota grocery stores
Authors: Robinson Ramona , Smith Chery , Murray Helene , Ennis Jim 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study assesses consumer perceptions of sustainably produced foods and evaluates whether a supermarket point-of-purchase intervention could increase shoppers' awareness of a campaign designed to promote purchases of sustainably produced foods. The in-store intervention involved the promotion of sustainably produced apples labeled with the Midwest Food Alliance's (MWFA) seal of approval. Minnesota consumers were surveyed at two eastern metropolitan area intervention stores and one eastern metropolitan area comparison store. The in-store campaign lasted 8 weeks and involved individually labeled apples, point-of-purchase materials, and weekly food demonstrations. Prior to campaign initiation, baseline surveys were administered to consumers in two test stores and one comparison store. Follow-up surveys were mailed to these same consumers upon conclusion of the campaign intervention. Independent samples t-tests comparing change from baseline to post intervention indicated that a statistically higher percentage of consumers in the test-market group had heard of the Midwest Food Alliance campaign. Furthermore, a statistically higher percentage of the test-market shoppers reported seeing signs and labels promoting the MWFA, indicating that the promotion had some impact. Baseline data gathered from all consumers indicated that foods produced with sustainable practices were important to consumers; however, food characteristics of freshness, taste, safety and healthfulness were most important. The majority of consumers reported that they would be willing to pay 10–30% more for selected sustainably produced foods. Research results indicated that an 8–week in-store intervention was effective at increasing consumer awareness of the MWFA. However, a more powerful intervention (including a longer promotion period with more labeled foods) may be needed to induce shoppers to increase their purchases of sustainably produced foods promoted by the MWFA.
Antiferromagnetic order and possible quantum spin liquid in kagome antiferromagnet LuCu3(OH)6Br2[Br
x
(OH)1-x
]
Authors: Li Zezhong , Han Lankun , Sun Yili , Zhang Shanshan , Zeng Zhenyuan , Li Shiliang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent studies on the kagome lattice YCu3(OH)6+x
X3-x
(X = (Cl, Br)) have show promising evidence for the existence of a Dirac quantum spin liquid. We have synthesized a new compound LuCu3(OH)6Br2[Br
x
(OH)1-x
], which has two types of structures with two different space group, P
3
m1 and R
3. Type-I sample with the space group of P
3
m1 has undistorted Cu2+ kagome planes and orders magnetically below about 1.5 K. Type-II has a larger unit cell with the space group of R
3 and distorted kagome planes. No magnetic ordering is observed, and the low-temperature specific heat behaves like the Dirac quantum spin liquid, including the quadratic temperature dependence at zero field and an additional linear-T term under magnetic fields. By comparing the structures with YCu3(OH)6+x
X3-x
(X = Cl, Br), we show that the QSL ground state may have a deep connection with the J
⎔ - J - J' Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice.
Carrier Relaxation Times in InAs/AlAs Superlattices: Modulating by Layers, Temperature, and Carrier Concentrations
Authors: Zhang Enrui , Yao Jinshan , Geng Zhiming , Hou Yueying , Dai Jiayu , Lu Hong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The InAs/AlAs superlattice structures hold significant potential for application in low-noise avalanche photodetectors. With their performance in practical applications linked to their fundamental physical property of carrier relaxation time, this paper investigates the carrier relaxation times of InAs/AlAs superlattices across various mono-layers, temperatures, and carrier concentrations. Our investigation indicates that relaxation times span several tens of picoseconds, confirming that high-quality interfaces do not significantly reduce relaxation times in the manner that defect states might. Moreover, our study demonstrates that adjustments of the superlattice period can effectively modulate both the bandgap and carrier relaxation times, potentially impacting avalanche photodiode’s performance by altering electron-phonon interaction pathways and the bandgap width. We established that lower temperatures contribute to an increase in the bandgap and a suppression of high-frequency optical phonon vibrations, thereby lengthening relaxation times. Additionally, our observations indicate that in InAs/AlAs superlattices, the relaxation time increases as the excitation power increases, owing to the phonon bottleneck effect. These insights into InAs/AlAs superlattices’s carrier dynamics highlight its promising applicability in enhancing avalanche photodetectors, and may contribute to the optimized design of superlattices for specific application scenarios.
Warm affine inflation
Authors: AlHallak Mahmoud 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The warm inflationary scenario is investigated in the context of affine gravity formalism. A general framework is provided for studying different single-field potentials. Using the sphaleron mechanism we explain the continuous dissipation of the inflaton field into radiation, leading to the Γ = Γ0
T
3 dissipation coefficient. The treatment is performed in the weak and strong dissipation limits. We consider the quartic potential as a case study to provide a detailed study. Moreover, in this study, we discuss various constraints on inflationary models in general. We compare the theoretical results of the quartic potential model within warm inflation with the observational constraints from Planck 2018 and BICEP/Keck 2018, as presented by the tensor-to-scalar ratio, spectral index and the perturbation spectrum.
Unveiling the nonlinear dynamics of a rolling axion during inflation
Authors: Caravano Angelo , Peloso Marco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A spectator axion-gauge sector, minimally coupled to the inflaton, with the axion experiencing a momentary stage of fast roll during cosmological inflation, can generate unique signatures in primordial density fluctuations and the gravitational wave background. We present the first lattice simulation of this system using a novel hybrid numerical scheme. This approach solves the fully nonlinear dynamics of the axion-gauge sector while treating the gravitational interaction between the axion and inflaton linearly. Initially, we test the validity of the WKB approximation in the linear regime. We then investigate strong backreaction dynamics within the axion-gauge sector. Our findings reveal that backreaction significantly suppresses the growth of the gauge field and the amplitude of scalar perturbations. The simulation also allows us to analyze the non-Gaussianity of scalar fluctuations, including higher-order statistics. We show that, although non-Gaussianity is suppressed by strong backreaction, it remains higher than in the minimal model where the axion coincides with the inflaton. Our results highlight the need for simulations to make robust predictions to test against data from gravitational wave interferometers and large-scale structure surveys.
A novel liquid scintillation counter with single-photon elimination based on pulse width discrimination
Authors: Li Deyuan , Wei Ziyang , Zhang Pengpeng , Ma Yan , Zhang Hui , Li Hua , Zhang Xuanru , Wang Linjing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The liquid scintillation counting is widely used in α
and β nuclides activity measurements of atmospheric,
groundwater and biological samples, with the advantages of high
detection efficiency, easy sample preparation, reproducibility and
low cost. However, single photons caused by mixing of samples and
scintillation cocktails affect the accuracy of activity
measurements, especially for low energy β-nuclide such as
55Fe and 14C. A novel method to eliminate the single
photons based on the analysis of signal time characteristic was
developed and a liquid scintillation counter made of a fast time
response photomultiplier tube (PMT), a high-speed comparator, and a
field programmable gate array (FPGA) based activity measurement
system was designed. The FPGA based activity measurement system
consisted of pulse width measurement, pulse width discrimination,
activity calculation, and display modules. The accurate measurement
of pulse width was achieved by digital phase-shifting. The counter
was scaled and calibrated with standard 14C liquid
scintillation cocktails. The results show that for 14C liquid
scintillation samples with activities of
72.20 Bq and
732.37 Bq, the relative deviation
is less than 1 %.
A high repetition rate millimeter wavelength accelerator for an X-ray free-electron laser
Authors: Zholents A. , Baturin S. , Doran S. , Jansma W. , Fedurin M. , Kasa M. , Kusche K. , Lee S. , Nassiri A. , Piot P. , Popovic B. , Qian M. , Siy A. , Sorsher S. , Suthar K. , Trakhtenberg E. , Waldschmidt G. , Xu J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A compact collinear wakefield accelerator has been designed for an X-ray free-electron laser capable of operating at a pulse repetition rate in the tens of kilohertz. The maximum achievable accelerating gradient has been determined, with its limitation linked to beam breakup instability. The fabrication techniques for the principal components of the accelerator including wakefield generation, couplers for excess power extraction and diagnostics, focusing quadrupoles, and a novel undulator have been discussed. Results from various laboratory and beam-based tests on these components have been compared to their original design specifications and demonstrated very good agreement. A preliminary design for the XFEL has been presented, featuring a novel small-period, force-neutral, adjustable-phase undulator.
Measurements of proton hardness factors in silicon at energies between 10 MeV and 25 MeV
Authors: Liu E. , Chisholm A. , Gonella L. , Hunter A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Silicon detector technologies are often employed for high
energy particle physics applications due to their excellent
radiation hardness. Radiation damage in the form of bulk or
substrate damage is dependent on the incident particle species and
energy. The fluence is therefore often quoted as the 1 MeV neutron
equivalent fluence, with hardness factors being the scaling
quantity. The hardness factor can be determined by analysing the
change in the leakage current of silicon pad diodes
post-irradiation. Using the MC40 cyclotron facility at the
University of Birmingham, n-in-p FZ silicon pad diodes were
irradiated to several fluence points at three different proton beam
energies. The hardness factors acquired were 3.07 ± 0.37 for
10.5 MeV protons, 2.73 ± 0.27 for 16.4 MeV protons and
2.19 ± 0.22 for 24.3 MeV protons. The value for 16.4 MeV
protons agrees with the theoretical predictions, whereas the values
for 10.5 MeV and 24.3 MeV are lower than predicted by the same
calculations.
Prototype design of a digital Low-Level RF system for S3FEL S-band Transverse Deflecting Cavities
Authors: Zhu Jinfu , Ding Hongli , Li Haokui , Shao Jiahang , Yu Yong , Li Zongbin , Yang Jiayue , Chen Zhichao , Wu Guorong , Zhang Weiqing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Transverse Deflecting Cavities (TDCs) are generally adopted for electron beam diagnosis. Three sets of S-band and two sets of X-band TDCs are planned at Shenzhen Superconducting Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (S3FEL) to accurately measure the temporal distribution of ultra-short electron bunches. The microwave system of one TDC consisting of a Low-Level Radio-Frequency system (LLRF), a solid-state amplifier, a klystron, and several waveguide couplers is operated in pulse mode with a maximum repetition rate of 50 Hz. Its microwave stabilities for amplitude and phase are required to be better than 0.05%/0.05∘ (RMS). This article will introduce the prototype design of the hardware, firmware, and software of the digital LLRF system for S-band TDCs. We use a homemade local oscillator and commercial cards based on the MicroTCA standard in hardware design. The firmware design will use an IQ demodulation and a reference-tracking algorithm to eliminate the measurement noise and drift. The software design is based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), achieving data acquisition, slow control, and interface display functions. This technical report will also show some preliminary test results.
Enhancing osteogenic properties with gelatin/chitosan hydrogel encapsulating lithium-coated titanium oxide hollow sphere particles loaded with quercetin
Authors: Wang Qingjie , Zhang Liang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Metallic oxides especially lithium and titanium oxides are well known for their osteogenic properties. When combined in the right proportions, metallic oxides can have an even greater impact. However, releasing ions from oxides can lead to oxidative stress, which is harmful to cell growth. By reducing oxidative stress, we can enhance these ions' therapeutic and bone-forming properties. In our study, we have developed a novel combination of titanium oxide coated with lithium oxide to release ions simultaneously. We engineered hollow sphere titanium oxide particles to carry Quercetin (QC), a natural antioxidant. These particles were then incorporated into a gelatin/chitosan-based hydrogel, which was further functionalized with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which induced conductivity and improved mechanical properties. In drug release experiments, we found that QC was released steadily from the hydrogel, in contrast to a control group where the drug was simply mixed in with hydrogel indicating the significance of a secondary carrier. Additionally, our cytotoxicity tests demonstrated the importance of delivering QC alongside lithium and titanium ions, as this combination reduced toxicity and enhanced bone-forming activity. Finally, our study showed that the hydrogel containing drug-loaded hollow sphere particles was able to promote bone formation, as evidenced by osteogenic differentiation studies. This innovative approach holds promise for improving bone regeneration therapies in the future.&#xD;
Need for judicious selection of runoff inputs in a global flood model
Authors: Parmar Jayesh , Mohanty Mohit Prakash , Karmakar Subhankar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Numerous flood hazard assessment and risk management studies depend on hydrodynamic flood models, which require detailed inputs. However, these models face challenges when assessing flood hazards and risks at national scales due to the unavailability of input data and high computational demands. Recent advancements in global flood models (GFMs) have emerged as promising solutions. These widely adopted GFMs, capable of producing flood characteristics, require runoff input typically derived from land surface models (LSMs) or global hydrological models (GHMs), which are prone to inherit cascading uncertainties. Moreover, the utilization of a single runoff input into a GFM can produce biased and misinterpreted flood hazards due to underestimation or overestimation of GFM outputs. To highlight these implications, the present study examines GFM simulations forced with eight state-of-the-art model runoff datasets, including LSMs, GHMs, and reanalysis observations, uncovering unsafe inter-model flood depth variation (IMDV). Focusing on the flood-prone Mahanadi River Basin (MRB) of India, the study observes that IMDV surpasses the self-help range of humans (0.2 m) for 65% of the MRB region, and exceeds human and vehicle safety thresholds (2 m) for 15% of the region, based on four past flood events from the Dartmouth Flood Observatory. These regions exhibiting high IMDV overlap with densely populated areas, potentially affecting 1.66–3.65 million people. Thus, the injudicious use of runoff in GFM for flood disaster planning can lead to inaccurate flood hazard and risk assessments, significantly affecting populous regions. An alternative approach is recommended, advocating for the use of multiple simulations incorporating diverse runoff datasets. This approach would generate conservative and optimistic flood scenarios, leveraging each model’s strengths. Such comprehensive hazard scenarios would enhance flood management and decision-making for policymakers by addressing the uncertainty and providing possible impacts through risk assessments.