bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Leptin and Erythropoietin Concentration Levels on the Productive Traits on a Sample of Awassi Sheep
Authors: Abd-Alhusain D. A. , Mohammed T. R. , Al-Anbari N.N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The most interesting results were obtained when studying the Iraqi Awassi female sheep for leptin and erythropoietin. Leptin hormone concentrations the ewes were divided into three groups according to the levels of leptin and erythropoietin concentrations, low, medium and high, as well as progesterone and estrogen concentrations, increase in ewes with medium leptin concentrations. Leptin concentration had no effect on fertility rate, but twins rates increased in ewes with medium leptin concentration. Dams milk components increased with high level of leptin, while other components remained unchanged. Similarly, erythropoietin concentration and progesterone level were linked to ewes fertility, with the highest progesterone value being 0.29 in medium ewes.
Effect of Melatonin Implantation on Sexual Behavior and some of Semen Quality of Iraqi Buffalo Bulls
Authors: Nsaif Z. M. , Eidan S. M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the effect of melatonin implantation on sexual behavior and some aspects of the semen quality of buffalo bulls. Nine buffalo bulls had divided into three groups (3/group). The first group was the control group (C1). The buffalo bulls were implanted with melatonin hormone in the second (72 mg; C2) and third (90 mg; T3) groups under the skin of the left ear base and repeated one month after the first implantation. Semen was collected for 14 weeks and evaluated weekly. The first amount of time was lower in the C3 group than in the C2 and C1 groups. Semen volume at 2nd ejaculation was higher (P<0.05) in the C3 group than in other groups. Mass activity and motility increased in the C3 group compared to the C2 and C1 groups at different ejaculation times. The melatonin implantation (90 mg) can improve the semen quality of Iraqi bulls which in turn enhancing the reproductive performance, conception rate of female buffalo and increasing the artificial insemination productivity and owner’s income.
Replacing Soybean Meal with Azolla Plant as a Source of Protein on Performance of Iraqi Awassi Lambs
Authors: Abbas Yas Khudhair , Mohanned Sundos Farook 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was executed in the animal field of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences at the University of Baghdad from November 15, 2022, to January 1, 2023. It was preceded by a 14-day trial period using 20 Awassi male lambs, whose ages ranged from 3.5 to 4 months. Moreover, starting with 18 to 19 kg. They were divided into four treatments at random: T1, which contained 6% soybeans and no azolla plant; T2, which contained 4% soybeans and 4% dry azolla plant; T3, which contained 2% soybeans and 8% dry azolla plant; and T4, which contained 12% dry azolla plant The results showed that there was a significant difference (p>0.05) in the daily and total weight gain as well as the digestion coefficient for some of the digested nutrients. Treatment T4 performed better than the other treatments in terms of increasing daily and total weight, while treatments T1 and T3 did not differ from each other The table of total nutrients digested and the field digestion coefficient did not change between the treatments T1 and 3T, which were better than treatment T2. There was no difference between treatment T1 and T3, which was superior to treatment T2, and there was a significant rise (P 0.05) for crude fiber and ether extract in treatment T4. The study found that adding 12% more Azolla plant to soybean meal resulted in the best weight growth and the highest digestibility of crude fiber and ether extract.
Relationship of DIO2 Gene with Productive Traits in Awassi Sheep in Thi-Qar Governorate
Authors: Jari Adnan Faris , Salim Abdullah Hameed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research included 59 animals from the local Awassi sheep at the Sheep and Goats Research Station, in Al-Shatrah district, north of Thi Qar Governorate, Thi Qar Agriculture Directorate, from 20/10/2022 to 10/2/2023, to study the effect of the genotypes of the G>C.164 mutation on body dimensions and wool characteristics in local Awassi sheep. The study included measuring the characteristics of body dimensions (body length, front height, rear height, breast circumference and breast width), wool characteristics (staple length, fiber length and fiber diameter), by studying the nucleotide sequence (Sequencing) on the target genetic segment. The size of 350 base pairs was found to be located in exon 2 of the DIO2 gene in the local Awassi sheep sample. The presence of the C>G mutation at site 164, which is a missense mutation that changes the amino acid Proline (P) to Alanine (A), by calculating the allelic frequency, it was found that the C allele was significantly superior to the G allele in the G>C. 164 mutation, two genotypes (CC and CG) were found to have a significant correlation with most of the studied traits, except for fiber diameter. The highly significant superiority of the hybrid genotype CG in the G>C.164 mutant was observed in body length, front and hind height, breast circumference and breast width compared to the wild CC genotype. The wild genotype CC was significantly superior in staple length and fiber length in the same mutant.
The Interaction Between GDF9 Gene Polymorphism and Age Groups on the in Vitro Maturation of Awassi Sheep Oocytes
Authors: Hassooni Hadi Awad , Zamit Hamood Hatif 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted in the graduate laboratory of the Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, from 20/11/2022 to 22/3/2023, it included the collection of ovaries from the female reproductive organs of sheep slaughtered in the Samawa massacre, transferring them immediately after slaughter to the laboratory for the purpose of extracting Oocytes from the ovaries, subject to laboratory maturing using culture media for mature, Molecular investigations were completed at the Marshes Research Laboratory of Thi Qar University, for the purpose of isolation and purification of DNA, with the aim of finding genetic formations and the relationship between genotypes, morphological characteristics, and the ability to mature in the Awassi sheep Oocytes. Oocytes of Awassi sheep were collected by Oocyte aspiration method, then they were classified and examined for their vitality. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between animals carrying the three genotypes resulting from this mutation at position 205 of the studied segment of the GDF9 gene with damaged, immature and mature Oocytes, with no significant effect between the age groups of animals carrying the three genotypes resulting from this mutation at position 205 of the studied segment of the GDF9 gene with damaged, immature and mature Oocytes.
Study the Leptin Gene Polymorphism and its Relationship with a Number of Carcass Traits in Iraqi Sheep
Authors: Abdali Najla’a Abdalamyr , Salim Abdullah Hameed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted on a group of local sheep in the Suq Al-Shuyukh district, south of Thi-Qar province. It included the slaughter of 48 animals in a butcher shop. The aim of the study was to determine the genotypes of the leptin gene using nucleotide sequencing technology and its relationship with a number of carcass traits in local sheep. Through the nucleotide sequencing of the targeted genetic segment of the leptin gene (471 bp) in local sheep, it was found that there was one mutation at position 311 within the studied region of the leptin gene. This mutation resulted in the change of the nitrogen base G to T, leading to the substitution of the amino acid valine with leucine. The variation (mutation) occurred in exon 3 at amino acid position 95. Therefore, this mutation is considered a missense mutation and appeared in three genetic patterns: GG, GT, and TT, with distribution ratios as follows: the highest distribution was for the hybrid genotype (GT), followed by the genotype GG and TT. Most of the studied traits did not show significant differences between the three genotypes of the targeted genetic segment of the leptin gene, except for the significant superiority (P<0.01) of sheep with the hybrid genotype (GT) in the carcass diameter trait and the significant superiority (P<0.01) of sheep with the mutant genotype (TT) in the meat pH trait.
Effect of Different Methods of Using Black Seed (Nigella sativa L.) to the Diet and Drinking Water on Qualitative Egg Traits of Laying Hens Eggs
Authors: Al-Gharawi Jassim Kassim , Al-Zayadi Radhi Ajel Menshid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Research on the effect of adding powder, oil, aqueous, and alcoholic solutions of black seed (Nigella sativa), individually, on qualitative egg traits of laying hens eggs was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station, Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University from October 15, 2022, to January 7, 2023. There were a total of 75 laying hens (ISA Brown) employed, and they were all split up into 15 groups of 5. Each treatment’s pens were 3 by 3 metres in size, and the pens were divided into thirds such that each third held 5 hens. These are the methods of treatment: T1 (the control group) received their regular diet with no alterations made. T2: 10% powdered Nigella sativa (black seed) was added to the diet. T3: Incorporate ten percent of an alcoholic extract of black seed (Nigella sativa) into the daily ration of water consumed. T4: Incorporate ten percent of a water-based extract of black seed (Nigella sativa) into your daily water intake. T5: Ten percent oil from black seeds (Nigella sativa) was added to the rations. Our research found that compared to the other experimental treatments, adding alcoholic extract to laying hens’ drinking water resulted in statistically significant increases in shell thickness, relative weight of shell and yolk, yolk and albumin index, and Hough unit, and a statistically significant decrease in the relative weight of the albumin.
The Relationship Between Genotype of DRB1 Gene and some Performance Traits of Iraqi Sheep
Authors: Al-Qargouli Hassan Hatem , Salim Abdullah Hameed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The experiment was conducted at the Sheep and Goat Research Station in Al-Shatrah district located in the north of Thi Qar Governorate, Thi Qar Agriculture Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture, Marshlands Research Center, Thi Qar University. It included 59 animals from the ewes of Iraqi sheep (Awassi), to study the relationship between the genotype of the DRB1 gene and some performance traits in Iraqi sheep, where the study included taking some measurements of body dimensions, taking blood samples for the purpose of laboratory examination of the study, included extraction of genetic material and genetic analysis, using PCR technology at the Marshes Research Center at Thi Qar University. The results of the analysis of the nucleotide sequence sequence of the studied genetic segment of the DRB1 gene showed that the mutation T>G.245 was present in the coding regions of the DRB1 gene, occurred in GTT coding for Valine (V) and changed to GGT coding for the amino acid Glycine (G), located at position (82) in the amino acid sequence of the DRB1 gene, this mutation was located in the region of the second exon, where this mutation was considered a missense mutation. It has three genotypes: TT, TG, and GG, by calculating the allelic frequency, there was a highly significant superiority of the T allele (0.53) over the G allele (0.47) in the T>G mutation.245, the genotypes of the mutation T>G.245 of the DRB1 gene, it was found that there were highly significant differences (P≤0.01) in all characteristics under study, such as birth weight and body dimensions, it was found that the effect of some non-genetic factors on the studied traits, namely, the state of pregnancy, the age of the ewes, and the sequence of childbirth, was highly significant (P≤0.01) in all characteristics of the animal’s body dimensions, except for the width of the breast, it was observed that ewes aged 3-4 years outperformed the rest of the ewes compared to other age groups, was the lowest in sheep less than a year old in all traits under study, the regression coefficient of the characteristics of body dimensions on the weight of the animal were not significant except for the regression coefficient of the rear height of the animal on the weight of the animal. All characteristics of body dimensions (body length, frontal height, posterior height, chest width, and chest circumference) showed a highly significant correlation (P≤0.01), positive and high.
Feeding Parents and in ovo Injection Hatching Eggs with Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Sunflower Oil and its Effect on the Physiological Traits of Japanese Quail
Authors: Al-Aboudi Anfal Saud Abdul-Razzaq , Shahid Muhammad Jodi , Al-Gharawi Jassim Kassim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
It was conducted at the poultry field for the period from 12/20/2021 to 2/14/2022. 540 eggs were distributed to nine experimental and injection treatments (60 eggs per treatment). The experimental treatments for the experiment included the following: T1: negative control (without adding oil). T2: positive control (adding sunflower oil) at a rate of 0.01% to the diet. T3: added 0.01 Omega-3 to the parents diet. T4: The parents were fed omega-3 and the resulting eggs were in ovo injected with omega-3. T5: The parents were fed omega-3 and the resulting eggs were in ovo injected with sunflower oil. T6: The parents were fed with sunflower oil and the resulting eggs were in ovo injected with sunflower oil. T7: The parents were fed with sunflower oil and in ovo injected with Omega-3. T8: The parents were fed free-fed and the resulting eggs in ovo injected with omega-3. T9: The parents were free-fed and the resulting eggs were in ovo injected with sunflower oil. The results of the experiment indicated a significant increase on the number of blood cells (WBC) in the blood of both males and females, with a significant decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin (HGB) compared to the negative and positive control treatments. Feeding Japanese quail parents with in ovo injection of Omega-3 hatching eggs led to a significant increase in the concentration of total protein, albumin and globulin in the blood serum of Japanese quail males. While a significant increase in the concentration of total protein was observed with a significant decrease on the concentration of glucose and cholesterol in the blood serum of Japanese quail females compared to the control treatment.
Effect of Adding Different Levels of Cyperus rotundus Tubers Powder to the Diet on the Physical, Chemical and Oxidation Traits of Broiler Carcasses
Authors: Ali Hala A. M. , Zangana Bushra S.R. , Abdullah Ikram H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of changing the amount of Alsaad tubers added to the diet on several physical, chemical, and oxidative parameters of broiler carcasses raised at 42 days of age. two hundred and twenty-five unsexed chicks, One day old of the ROSS 308 strain were separated into three replicates (15 chicks/replicate) of each treatment, with 45 chicks per treatment randomly. The chicks were given a control meal containing varying amounts of crushed Alsaad tuber, including 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4%. These are the results: In comparison to the control group, the treatments using Alsaad tubers showed a substantial decrease (P<0.05) in the percentages of liquids lost during cooking, drip loss, and thawing loss as well as a significant improvement in water holding capacity. The chemical characteristics of the Myoglobin, PH, and cholesterol concentration of the carcass chicken for the Alsaad treatments were also shown to have significantly improved when compared to the control group. Additionally, it was noticed that when comparing the Alsaad treatments to the control treatments, there was a substantial decrease in the values of TBA, peroxide number PV, the percentage of free fatty acids (FFA), as well as a decrease in the quantity of total volatile nitrogen (TVN).
Influence of Storage Period, Chitosan Coating and Diluted Acetic Acid Spraying on Hatching and Hatched Chicks Characteristics
Authors: Mohamad Esmat T. , Aljugifi W. I. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present research evaluated the effect of coating hatching eggs with chitosan and sprinkling them with diluted acetic acid on the characteristics of hatching and hatched chicks using 480 eggs from 35-week-old broiler ROSS 308 breeder. The experiment included two variables; firstly, two storage periods (4 days and 14 days), secondly, coating the eggs with chitosan and spraying them with diluted acetic acid on the 18th day of incubation. Each treatment contained sixty eggs, with four replicates of fifteen eggs. The results showed that the factor of storage period and treatment of overall hatching rate increased in T3 significantly better than others. It was observed that the percentage of kidneys and fertilized eggs that hatched decreased as the storage period increased. In addition, plating with chitosan improved the hatching rate, as there was no significant difference between 4 and 14 days of storage with the control treatment, indicating that chitosan improved the hatching rate of fertilised eggs after 14 days of storage. The Spraying of diluted acetic acid to chitosan reduced the percentage of early embryonic fatalities. Concerning priming chicks, chitosan had a negative effect, as the proportion of priming chicks increased substantially in the T3 treatment compared to T1. Moisture loss was increased with the storage period progressed; however, there was no significant difference in the moisture content between T1 and chitosan encapsulation of treatments. Therefore, we conclude from the study that encapsulation with chitosan increased the hatching rate and decreased embryonic mortality in 14-day-old hatching embryos.
Gene Expression of HSP70 Gene when Ascorbic Acid is Added to Broiler Diets Meat and Its Relationship to Meat Quality
Authors: Ali Abeer Salim , Abdulkareem Ali A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This experiment was conducted in the animal production field of the Agricultural Research Station/College of Agriculture and Marshlands/Dhi Qar University for the period from (30/11/2022 to 4/1/2023) for the purpose of studying the gene expression of the HSP 70 heat shock gene when ascorbic acid was added to the diets provided to birds. And the extent of its effect on the quality of meat. In this study, 150 non-sexed Ross 308 birds, one day old, were used in this study. The study included four treatments. Incubation was randomly distributed among the experimental treatments, with three replicates of 12 replicated birds. The treatments were divided on the basis of adding ascorbic acid to the diet without adding it, as well as shedding heat by 2-3 m for a period of 8 hours / day at the normal temperature rate and without heat shedding. The division of treatments began immediately after the second week of the age of the birds. The gene expression level of the HSP70 gene was measured at the age of 21 and 35days, and the sensory evaluation test of the thigh and chest segments was measured at the age of 21. and 35 days The results of the study showed the: 1-The high rate of gene expression of the HSP70 gene in the liver tissue in the T2 treatment exposed to a high temperature negatively affected the quality of meat through conducting a sensory evaluation of the thigh and breast segments, where the evaluation rate decreased in this treatment, which indicates that the relationship is inverse between the rate of the gene HSP70 and average sensory evaluation of the thigh and thoracicseg ments. 2-Adding ascorbic acid at a rate of 1 gm / kg feed to the T4 treatment that was also exposed to high temperature erecorded an increase in the sensory evaluation rate of the thigh and breast segments, which led to an improvement in flavor, taste and tenderness in poultry meat, which indicates that the addition of ascorbic acid has a role in relieving stress Thus decreased, the rate of gene expression of the HSP70 gene.
A Serological Survey and Risk Factors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Goats in Different Locations in Al-Najaf, Iraq
Authors: Atabi Asaad Chasib Al , Anbagi Nabeel Ahmed Al , Al-Alo Khaleel Zainel Khaleel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is one of the most common causes of respiratory illness in goats globally, resulting in major financial losses. The goal of this Survey was to determine the incidence of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial virus in Al-Najaf goats and the risk factors for this disease. Between December 2021 and November 2022 For this study, 200 goats of various ages and breeds from Al Kufa, Qadisiyia, Hayderia, and Abbasyia in Al-Najaf, Iraq, were tested. The animals’ epidemiological information was recorded. An indirect Elisa test kit was used to establish the disease’s incidence. The incidence of BRSV in goats was 44.5%, and it was substantially higher in Goats aged more than one-year (50.4%). The incidence of BRSV in male and female goats did not vary significantly. Compared to samples taken during the other seasons, those collected in the winter had a significantly higher BRSV incidence. There was a significantly difference in disease infection rate (P≤0.05) among mixed goats compared with others that were not mixed with other specious. The results revealed that the imported animals had a significantly higher prevalence than the native goats. In Conclusion: Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus is predominant in goats from the Al-Najaf province and risk factors such as animal age, herd size, origin, and the herd’s geographical location are related to an increased occurrence of the disease in this region. Routine vaccination plans must be assumed to decrease the incidence of BRSV in goats.
Preserving Stained Fish Specimens in Resin Epoxy
Authors: Ghazwan Muhammad I. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, we try to deviate from the traditional methods of preserving fish. The research depends on finding alternative modern methods by which fish bodies can be preserved in a better way and for long periods after conducting some laboratory treatments on the specimens to ensure obtaining clean and clear samples suitable for diagnosis and study, in addition to keeping it in a new, lightweight and elegant form that can give three-dimensional shapes to the specimens. The final specimens were of high quality and unbreakable durability with high clarity and transparency and low manufacturing costs. This study is the first of its kind.
Effect of Different Levels of Brewer’s Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Molasses on some Growth Parameters of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio L.
Authors: Mohammed Mariam Jassim , Abd Haider Kadhum , Al-Gharawi Jassim Kassim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
From October 1, 2022, to December 20, 2023, researchers at the first agricultural research and experiment station in Um Al-Akf, Al-Muthanna Governorate, used a 45-by-35-by-1.5-meter dugout pond located 570 meters from the Euphrates/Atshan River (at the coordinates E 45.189309N, 31.321394) to test the effects of various concentrations of the brewer’s yeast Schizosaccharomy The common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. The experimental parameters were as follows: T0: control diet (without additives). T1: add 0.5 mg brewer’s yeast / kg diet. T2: add 1 mg brewer’s yeast / kg diet. T3: add 1.5 mg molasses / kg diet. T4: add 2 mg molasses / kg diet. T5: add 0.5 mg brewer’s yeast + 1.5 mg molasses / kg diet. T6: add 0.5 mg brewer’s yeast + 2 mg molasses / kg diet. T7: add 1 mg brewer’s yeast + 1.5 mg molasses / kg diet. T8: add 1 mg brewer’s yeast + 2 mg molasses / kg diet. The results indicated that all special treatments, in addition to brewer’s yeast and molasses, significantly improved the growth parameters of carp fish compared to the control treatment. Results were much better with the T3 therapy (addition of 1.5 mg molasses / kg diet) compared to the other experimental treatments.