bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should sons breed independently or help? Local relatedness matters
Authors: Li Zhibing , Chen Shicheng , Wei Sai , Komdeur Jan , Lu Xin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In cooperatively breeding birds, why do some individuals breed independently but others have to help at home? This question has been rarely addressed despite its fundamental importance for understanding the evolution of social cooperation.

We address it using 15 years of data from Tibetan ground tits Pseudopodoces humilis where helpers consist of younger males. Since whether younger males successfully breed depends critically on their chances to occupy territories nearby home, our analytic strategy is to identify the determinants of individual differences in gaining territory ownership among these ready‐to‐breed males.

Across widowed, last‐year helper and yearling males, an age advantage was evident in inheriting resident territories, occupying adjacent vacancies and budding off part of adjacent territories, which left some last‐year helpers and most yearling males to take the latter two routes. These males were more likely to acquire a territory if they were genetically related to the previous or current territory owners; otherwise they remained on natal territories as helpers. The relatedness effect can arise from the prior residence advantage established in the preceding winter when younger males followed their parents to perform kin‐directed off‐territory forays.

Our research highlights the key role of local kinship in determining younger males' territory acquisition and thus their fate in terms of independent reproduction versus help. This finding provides insight into the formation of kin‐based, facultative cooperative societies prevailing among vertebrates.
Association between patient‐reported social and behavioral risks and health care costs in high‐risk Veterans health administration patients
Authors: Maciejewski Matthew L. , Greene Liberty , Grubber Janet M. , Blalock Dan V. , Jacobs Josephine , Rao Mayuree , Zulman Donna M. , Smith Valerie A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveSocial risks complicate patients' ability to manage their conditions and access healthcare, but their association with health expenditures is not well established. To identify patient‐reported social risk, behavioral, and health factors associated with health expenditures in Veterans Affairs (VA) patients at high risk for hospitalization or death.Data Sources, Study Setting, and Study DesignProspective cohort study among high‐risk Veterans obtaining VA care. Patient‐reported social risk, function, and other measures derived from a 2018 survey sent to 10,000 VA patients were linked to clinical and demographic characteristics extracted from VA data. Response‐weighted generalized linear and marginalized two‐part models were used to examine VA expenditures (total, outpatient, medication, inpatient) 1 year after survey completion in adjusted models.Principal FindingsAmong 4680 survey respondents, the average age was 70.9 years, 6.3% were female, 16.7% were African American, 20% had body mass index ≥35, 42.4% had difficulty with two or more basic or instrumental activities of daily living, 19.3% reported transportation barriers, 12.5% reported medication insecurity and 21.8% reported food insecurity. Medication insecurity was associated with lower outpatient expenditures (−$1859.51 per patient per year, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3200.77 to −518.25) and lower total expenditures (−$4304.99 per patient per year, 95% CI: −7564.87 to −1045.10). Transportation barriers were negatively associated with medication expenditures (−$558.42, 95% CI: −1087.93 to −31.91). Patients with one functional impairment had higher outpatient expenditures ($2997.59 per patient year, 95% CI: 1185.81–4809.36) than patients without functional impairments. No social risks were associated with inpatient expenditures.ConclusionsIn this study of VA patients at high risk for hospitalization and mortality, few social and functional measures were independently associated with the costs of VA care. Individuals with functional limitations and those with barriers to accessing medications and transportation may benefit from targeted interventions to ensure that they are receiving the services that they need.
Cannabis use disorder and adverse cardiovascular outcomes: A population‐based retrospective cohort analysis of adults from Alberta, Canada
Authors: Bahji Anees , Hathaway Josh , Adams Denise , Crockford David , Edelman E. Jennifer , Stein Michael D. , Patten Scott B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo measure the association between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes.Design and SettingWe conducted a matched, population‐based retrospective cohort study involving five linked administrative health databases from Alberta, Canada.ParticipantsWe identified participants with CUD diagnosis codes and matched them to participants without CUD codes by gender, year of birth and time of presentation to the health system. We included 29 764 pairs (n = 59 528 individuals in total).MeasurementsCVD events were defined by at least one incident diagnostic code within the study period (1 January 2012–31 December 2019). Covariates included comorbidity, socio‐economic status, prescription medication use and health service use. Using mortality‐censored Poisson regression models, we computed survival analyses for time to incident CVD stratified by CUD status. In addition, we calculated crude and stratified risk ratios (RRs) across various covariates using the Mantel–Haenszel technique.FindingsThe overall prevalence of documented CUD was 0.8%. Approximately 2.4% and 1.5% of participants in the CUD and unexposed groups experienced an incident adverse CVD event (RR = 1.57; 95% confidence interval = 1.40–1.77). CUD was significantly associated with reduced time to incident CVD event. Individuals who appeared to have greater RRs for incident CVD were those without mental health comorbidity, who had not used health‐care services in the previous 6 months, who were not on prescription medications and who did not have comorbid conditions.ConclusionsCanadian adults with cannabis use disorder appear to have an approximately 60% higher risk of experiencing incident adverse cardiovascular disease events than those without cannabis use disorder.
Letter: Antibiotics in gut dysbiosis and development of inflammatory bowel disease—More thought is needed
Authors: Andrew Bridgette , Zhou Annie , Trinh Steven , Srinivasan Ashish , Vasudevan Abhinav 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Oh et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17542 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17696.
Letter: Antibiotics in gut dysbiosis and development of inflammatory bowel disease—More thought is needed—Authors' reply
Authors: Oh Shin Ju , Kim Hyo Jong , Lee Chang Kyun 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Oh et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17542andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17678
Editorial: Interaction between fibre and colonic fermentation assessed with a novel gas‐sensing capsule—Authors' reply
Authors: So Daniel , Thwaites Phoebe A. , Gibson Peter R. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to So et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17629 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17687
Decision‐making experiences and the need for decision aids in women considering vaginal birth after cesarean: A qualitative meta‐synthesis
Authors: Shurong Zhou , Li Mengyuan , Jie Xiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aims to comprehensively explore the decision‐making requirements of women contemplating vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC).Design & MethodsA meta‐synthesis approach was employed for this study. Using an integrative methodology, we conducted a systematic assessment of women's experiences and needs related to VBAC decision‐making. A comprehensive search was conducted across The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid Medline, SCOPUS, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, and Wan Fang databases to identify pertinent studies between 2000 and 2022. Furthermore, the reference lists of the included studies were thoroughly examined.ResultsFifteen studies were incorporated, from which seven themes emerged: emotional changes, preference for vaginal birth, unmet information needs, influences on decision‐making, decision‐making autonomy, aligning information provision with decision‐support needs, and the requirement for support systems. Two primary syntheses were constructed on the decision‐making process and the need for decision‐making aids, respectively.ConclusionWomen opting for VBAC experienced emotional shifts during their decision‐making process in pregnancy. There remains a need for an enhanced decision‐making tool to guide them in their choice. Recommendations for implementation in VBAC decision aids include facilitating women's involvement in decision‐making, satisfying their information needs, and delivering appropriate emotional support.
Identifying inconsistencies in exotic pet regulations that perpetuate trade in risky species
Authors: Pratt Elizabeth N. , Lockwood Julie L. , King Elizabeth G. , Pienaar Elizabeth F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRegulatory inconsistencies at different jurisdictional levels have contributed to the global expansion of the exotic pet trade, with resultant increases in the spread of invasive species and pathogens. Researchers have enumerated multiple limitations and environmental risks posed by international and national rules that govern the exotic pet trade, yet little attention has focused on the regulation of the exotic pet trade within national borders. We reviewed state‐level regulations that apply to the trade of vertebrate animal taxa in the United States. Definitions and classifications for regulating different vertebrate taxa varied greatly across states, and the terms pet and companion animal were poorly defined and inconsistent across states. States implemented regulations that permit trade in exotic vertebrate pets that are banned from import into the United States owing to public health and conservation concerns. Once species have been imported into the United States, inconsistent internal regulations facilitate the movement of animals that pose substantial invasion and disease risks. Violations of state laws were typically listed as misdemeanors, and the median fine for violating state wildlife trade laws was $1000. Inconsistent and incomplete regulation of exotic vertebrate pets across state borders, in conjunction with limited penalties for violating regulations, has facilitated continued possession of exotic pets in states where these animals are banned. Based on our review of regulatory weaknesses, we conclude that a transition to a federally enforced list of vertebrate species that may be traded as pets is needed, with all other vertebrate species banned from the exotic pet trade unless their potential invasion and disease risks have been assessed and demonstrated to be low or nonexistent.
Threats to conservation from national security interests
Authors: Nowak Katarzyna , Bear Dinah , Dutta Anwesha , Traphagen Myles , Żmihorski Michał , Jaroszewicz Bogdan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a growing trend of nation states invoking national security and emergency declarations to build state‐sponsored infrastructure projects for border defense, energy production, and transportation. Established laws, regulations, and agreements for the protection of nature and cultural heritage within and between countries are becoming secondary to national security, compromising the function of protected areas, such as national parks, wilderness areas, and biosphere reserves that safeguard biodiversity, climate, and human health. We considered cases where decades‐long multinational cross‐border endangered species recovery programs have been jeopardized by waivers of environmental protection laws to facilitate rapid construction of border barriers that impede the movement and migration of animals, such as at the US–Mexico and Poland–Belarus borders. Renewable energy megaprojects, such as the Pinacate solar plant in Mexico, coupled with power transmission lines and road networks likewise cast a large footprint on the land and are being carried out with minimal to no environmental compliance under the guise of national security. National sovereignty likewise has been used as justification for bypassing laws to proceed with similar projects, such as Mexico's Dos Bocas refinery and Poland's Vistula Spit canal. Emphasis on security is also apparent in increasing military expenditure by the world's largest economies, which has created a mismatch with improvement in environmental policy stringency. Decisions to prioritize security can undermine democratic principles and environmental review protocols, trivialize humanity's dependence on functioning ecosystems, and contradict the United Nation's resolution on the human right to a healthy environment. Framing infrastructure projects as matters of national security also foments civil and political unrest by the labeling and casting of dissenters, including conservation scientists and environmental defenders, as antinational. World leaders must refrain from misusing extraordinary powers, adhere to laws and international agreements, and consult experts and local people before taking unilateral action on projects that affect ecological and human communities.
General requirements for the production of extracellular vesicles derived from human stem cells
Authors: Wang Ling , Liu Shiyu , Li Ka , Ma Aijin , Hu Chenghu , Wang Changlin , Cao Nan , Zhao Yunpeng , Fu Ruifeng , Jia Wenwen , Xiang Peng , Liu Houqi , Qi Zhongquan , Zhu Ningwen , Liang Lingmin , Wang Lei , Cao Jiani , Zhai Peijun , Zhou Jiaxi , Wei Jun , Na Tao , Wu Jun , He Zhiying , Zhou Guangdong , Yu Weifeng , Wu Jinyan , Zeng Wen , Zhang Yong , Zhu Lijun , Fu Boqiang , Zhang Jingzhong , Yang Shuwei , Dai Chengxiang , Cui Hengmi , Jing Jianzhong , Yan Hexin , He Xiaowen , Lu Yongbo , Tong Cailing , Zhao Tongbiao , Hao Jie , Liu Xialin , Jin Yan , Wang Yue 
Published: September 2023

Abstract‘General requirements for the production of extracellular vesicles derived from human stem cells’ is the first guideline for stem cells derived extracellular vesicles in China, jointly drafted and agreed upon by experts from the Chinese Society for Stem Cell Research. This standard specifies the general requirements, process requirements, packaging and labelling requirements and storage requirements for preparing extracellular vesicles derived from human stem cells, which is applicable to the research and production of extracellular vesicles derived from stem cells. It was originally released by the China Society for Cell Biology on 30 August 2022. We hope that the publication of this guideline will promote institutional establishment, acceptance and execution of proper protocols, and accelerate the international standardisation of extracellular vesicles derived from human stem cells.
A first‐in‐human phase I study of SHR‐1906, a humanized monoclonal antibody against connective tissue growth factor, in healthy participants
Authors: Song Lin‐Lin , Zhou Hai‐Yan , Ye Pan‐Pan , Li Qian , Chen Ke‐Guang , Zhang Ye‐Hui , Zhao Fu‐Rong , Shi Jin‐Yi , Luo Yuan , Zhu Min , Zhang Jian‐Jun , Yang Xin‐Mei , Zhao Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNew therapeutic targets and drugs are urgently needed to halt the fibrosing process in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). SHR‐1906 is a novel fully humanized monoclonal antibody against the connective tissue growth factor, which plays an essential role in the genesis of IPF. We assessed the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PKs), and immunogenicity of single dose SHR‐1906 in healthy participants. This was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, dose‐escalation, phase I study. Twelve healthy participants for each dose level were enrolled to receive single ascending doses of SHR‐1906 intravenously (1.5, 6, 12, 20, 30, and 45 mg/kg) or placebo and followed for 71 days. The primary end points were safety and tolerability. Treatment‐related treatment‐emergent adverse events occurred in 25 participants (46.3%) in the SHR‐1906 group and 11 (61.1%) in the placebo group. No serious adverse events occurred. Over the dose range investigated, the geometric mean clearance was 0.14–0.63 mL/h/kg, the geometric mean volume of distribution at steady‐state was 47.4–75.5 mL/kg, and the terminal elimination half‐life was 51.9–349 h. SHR‐1906 showed nonlinear PKs. The peak concentration increased in a dose‐proportional manner, whereas the area under the concentration–time curve showed a greater than dose‐proportional increase. Anti‐drug antibodies of SHR‐1906 were detected in nine of 54 participants (16.7%). A single dose of SHR‐1906 up to 45 mg/kg demonstrated a favorable tolerability profile in healthy participants. The PKs and immunogenicity of SHR‐1906 were evaluated, supporting further clinical development.
Hypertonic solution as an optimal submucosal injection solution for endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal mucosal lesions: Systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Li , Bai Jiawei , Liu Kai , Wang Lulu , Zhu Shaohua , Zhao Xin , Han Ying , Liu Zhiguo 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesBased on different physicochemical properties, common submucosal injection solutions could be classified into three categories: normal saline solution (NS), hypertonic solution (HS), and viscous solution (VS). We compared the efficacy and safety of various categories of solutions in this network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to identify the optimal submucosal injection fluid.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs that compared the efficacy and safety of NS, HS, and VS during endoscopic resection for gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal lesions. Pairwise and network analyses were conducted to determine the ranking of different fluids.ResultsThirteen RCTs were included in the final analysis with 1637 patients (1639 lesions). HS outperformed NS in rates of en bloc (pooled relative risk [RR] 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–1.90), overall bleeding (pooled odds ratio [OR] 0.33; 95% CI 0.10–0.88; lesions >10 mm OR 4.65 × 10−2; 95% CI 1.10 × 10−3–0.46), and intraoperative bleeding (lesions >10 mm OR 7.10 × 10−6; 95% CI 4.30 × 10−18–0.26). HS showed the highest probability of ranking first in each outcome except for the volume of injection. Although VS was superior to NS in rates of en bloc, overall, and intraoperative bleeding in the lesions >10 mm subgroup, and required less fluid in pooled analysis, it ranked last in cost of submucosal injection solution.ConclusionsBoth HS and VS were superior to NS in comparisons of efficacy and safety. Considering the better performance and potentially low cost, HS might be an optimal choice during gastrointestinal endoscopic resection, especially for colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection.
Feminisation of agriculture and the role of environmental changes: ‘It's already a tough job and it's getting tougher due to weather changes’
Authors: Ou‐Salah Loubna , Van Praag Lore , Verschraegen Gert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the present study, we aim to examine how slow‐onset environmental changes are intertwined with the feminisation of agriculture and how these environmental changes impact gender relations in the rural Souss‐Massa region—a predominantly agricultural region in Morocco. We do so by firstly studying the perspectives of rural inhabitants on broader household, kinship, land ownership and community‐based gender relations in rural regions in the Souss‐Massa region of Morocco. Secondly, we examine whether and how these slow changes alter the position of women in the family. This study is based on 38 interviews with farmers in the Souss‐Massa region of Morocco, of which 15 interviews were conducted with rural women. Our findings show how slow‐onset environmental changes seem to have changed the position of women within the family. This study shows that gender roles matter when examining the vulnerabilities of people confronted with slow‐onset environmental change.
Continental Scale Hydrostratigraphy: Basin‐Scale Testing of Alternative Data‐Driven Approaches
Authors: Tijerina‐Kreuzer Danielle , Swilley Jackson S. , Tran Hoang V. , Zhang Jun , West Benjamin , Yang Chen , Condon Laura E. , Maxwell Reed M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntegrated hydrological modeling is an effective method for understanding interactions between parts of the hydrologic cycle, quantifying water resources, and furthering knowledge of hydrologic processes. However, these models are dependent on robust and accurate datasets that physically represent spatial characteristics as model inputs. This study evaluates multiple data‐driven approaches for estimating hydraulic conductivity and subsurface properties at the continental‐scale, constructed from existing subsurface dataset components. Each subsurface configuration represents upper (unconfined) hydrogeology, lower (confined) hydrogeology, and the presence of a vertical flow barrier. Configurations are tested in two large‐scale U.S. watersheds using an integrated model. Model results are compared to observed streamflow and steady state water table depth (WTD). We provide model results for a range of configurations and show that both WTD and surface water partitioning are important indicators of performance. We also show that geology data source, total subsurface depth, anisotropy, and inclusion of a vertical flow barrier are the most important considerations for subsurface configurations. While a range of configurations proved viable, we provide a recommended Selected National Configuration 1 km resolution subsurface dataset for use in distributed large‐and continental‐scale hydrologic modeling.
Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: an overview of the recent updates
Authors: Shah Shikha , Baskaran Narayanan , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Bishnoi Anuradha , Parsad Davinder , Kumaran Muthu S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAcquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH), previously known as macular pigmentation of uncertain etiology (MPUE), is an umbrella concept that unifies the distinct but overlapping acquired dermal pigmentary disorders like lichen planus pigmentosus, ashy dermatosis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, Riehl’s melanosis and pigmented contact dermatitis. All of these disorders usually lack a clinically apparent inflammatory phase, are characterised by dermal pigmentation clinically and histologically, and have a variable protracted disease course. Recently, a proposal has been made to classify these disorders into those with and without contact sensitisation. Dermoscopy is essentially similar across the spectrum of these disorders, and is useful for diagnosis and therapeutic response monitoring. Scoring system has been validated for the same. The treatment of ADMH remains challenging, with multiple topicals, oral therapies including mycophenolate mofetil, and lasers tried. Need of the hour is randomised controlled trials to enhance the therapeutic armamentarium.