bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized clinical trial of the anabolic effect of hypocaloric parenteral nutrition after abdominal surgery
Authors: Schricker T , Wykes L , Eberhart L , Carli F , Meterissian S 
Published: July 2005

Abstract

Background
The observed failure of hypocaloric nutrition to establish an anabolic state after surgery may reflect inadequate control for the type and quality of analgesia in the studies performed. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that hypocaloric nutrition induces anabolism in patients who receive effective segmental pain relief using perioperative epidural analgesia.

Methods
Sixteen patients who underwent colorectal surgery and received epidural analgesia were randomly assigned to receive intravenous glucose either without (glucose only) or with amino acids (nutrition). Feeding was administered over 48 h from surgical skin incision until the second day after operation. Glucose provided 50 per cent of the patient's resting energy expenditure (REE). Amino acids were infused at rates that provided 20 per cent of REE. Leucine rate of appearance (Ra), leucine oxidation and non-oxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) were assessed by measuring l-[1-13C]leucine kinetics. A positive leucine balance, that is the difference between NOLD and leucine Ra, indicated anabolism.

Results
After surgery, leucine Ra in the nutrition group was lower than that in the glucose only group (mean(s.d.) 88(25) versus 131(22) µmol per kg per h). The leucine balance remained negative in the glucose only group, whereas it became positive in the nutrition group (mean(s.d.) −24(3) versus 38(12) µmol per kg per h; P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
Patients who receive hypocaloric parenteral nutrition can be rendered anabolic after colorectal surgery in the presence of epidural analgesia.
Randomized clinical trial of the effect of a saline-linked radiofrequency coagulator on blood loss during hepatic resection
Authors: Arita J , Hasegawa K , Kokudo N , Sano K , Sugawara Y , Makuuchi M 
Published: July 2005

Abstract

Background
Use of a saline-linked radiofrequency coagulator (dissecting sealer) has been suggested to reduce blood loss during hepatic resection. A randomized clinical trial was conducted to assess the effects of using the device on the amount of blood loss.

Methods
Patients scheduled to undergo hepatic resection were randomly assigned to either use of the dissecting sealer or the clamp crushing method. The primary outcome measure was blood loss during liver parenchymal division. Multivariate analysis was also performed.

Results
Ninety-four consecutive patients underwent hepatic resection and 40 patients were assigned to each group. There were no significant differences between the dissecting sealer and clamp crushing groups in blood loss during liver parenchymal division (median 373 versus 535 ml; P = 0·252) or total intraoperative blood loss (665 versus 733 ml; P = 0·450). Multivariate analysis revealed that use of the dissecting sealer offered no protection against blood loss compared with the clamp crushing method (odds ratio 1·17 (95 per cent confidence interval 0·39 to 3·53); P = 0·777), whereas number of resections, thoracotomy and type of resection had a significant effect.

Conclusion
Use of a dissecting sealer offered no substantial benefit over the clamp crushing method in reducing blood loss during hepatic resection.
Cost-effectiveness of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Authors: Michaels J A , Drury D , Thomas S M 
Published: July 2005

Abstract

Background
The rapid introduction of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) has considerable implications for the management of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This study was undertaken to determine an optimal strategy for the use of EVAR based on the best currently available evidence.

Methods
Economic modelling and probabilistic sensitivity analysis considered reference cases representing a fit 70-year-old with a 5·5-cm diameter AAA (RC1) and an 80-year-old with a 6·5-cm AAA unfit for open surgery (RC2). Results were assessed as incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) compared with open repair (RC1) or conservative management (RC2).

Results
In RC1 EVAR produced a gain of 0·10 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for an estimated cost of £11 449, giving an ICER of £110 000 per QALY. EVAR consistently had an ICER above £30 000 per QALY over a range of sensitivity analyses and alternative scenarios. In RC2 EVAR produced an estimated benefit of 1·64 QALYs for an incremental cost of £14 077 giving an incremental cost per QALY of £8579.

Conclusion
It is unlikely that EVAR for fit patients suitable for open repair is within the commonly accepted range of cost-effectiveness for a new technology. For those unfit for conventional open repair it is likely to be a cost-effective alternative to non-operative management. Sensitivity analysis suggests that research efforts should concentrate on determining accurate rates for late complications and reintervention, particularly in patients with high operative risks.
Randomized clinical trial of mechanical bowel preparation versus no preparation before elective left-sided colorectal surgery (Br J Surg 2004; 92: 409-414)
Authors: Goldstone A R , Kennedy N , Metcalfe M 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses can be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk) or by post. All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length. Letters submitted by post should be typed on A4-sized paper in double spacing and should be accompanied by a disk.
A rapid and simple HPLC‐UV method for the determination of inhibition characteristics of farnesyl transferase inhibitors
Authors: Appels Natalie M. G. M. , Tung Kien‐On , Rosing Hilde , Schellens Jan H. M. , Beijnen Jos H. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractRas proteins play an important role in the development of cancer. Farnesyl transferase inhibitors (FTIs) block the first obligatory post‐translational step for activation, prenylation, of Ras proteins. To find new potent FTIs, rapid enzyme activity assays are required to reduce FTI development time. Most assays to date are based on radioactive labelled substrates. We developed a new, in vitro, farnesyl transferase assay based on gradient chromatography coupled to UV detection. Unfarnesylated and farnesylated H‐Ras proteins were resolved on a C18 wide‐pore HPLC column and their concentrations were determined with use of a calibration curve of unfarnesylated H‐Ras. The assay was used to investigate inhibition characteristics of FTIs. The IC50 values of the FTIs L778,123 and SCH66336 were 4.2 nm and 78 µm, respectively. This assay could support the screening and development of FTIs to obtain rapid insights into their inhibitory properties. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Combined ESI‐ and MALDI‐MS(/MS) Study of Peripherally Persulfonylated Dendrimers: False Negative Results by MALDI‐MS and Analysis of Defects
Authors: Felder Thorsten , Schalley Christoph A. , Fakhrnabavi Hassan , Lukin Oleg 
Published: July 2005

AbstractMass spectrometry, in particular MALDI‐MS, has often been used as a valuable means to characterize dendritic molecules with respect to their molecular masses. Also, it is a valuable tool for analyzing potential defects in their structure which result from incomplete synthetic steps. This article presents a comparison of ESI and MALDI mass spectrometric experiments on dendrimers persulfonylated at their periphery. While the ESI mass spectra easily permit impurities and defects to be identified and thus provide evidence for sample purity, reactions with acidic matrices occur during the MALDI process. The resulting defects are identical to those expected from incomplete substitution. Thus, in these cases, MALDI‐MS yields false negative results. With mass‐selected, ESI‐generated ions, collision experiments were performed in an FT‐ICR mass spectrometer cell to provide detailed insight into the fragmentation patterns of the various dendrimers. Different fragmentation patterns are observed depending on the exact structure of the dendrimer. Also, the nature of the charge is important. The fragmentation reactions for protonated species differ much from those binding a sodium or potassium ion. These differences can be traced back to different sites for binding H+ versus Na+ or K+. Tandem MS experiments on mass‐selected dendrimer ions with defects can be used to distinguish different types of defects. A concise structural assignment can thus be made on the basis of these experiments. Even mixtures of two isobaric defect variants with the same elemental composition can be identified.
Pd–Cu Bimetallic Catalyzed Domino Cyclization of α‐Allenols Followed by a Coupling Reaction: New Sequence Leading to Functionalized Spirolactams
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Rodríguez‐Acebes Raquel 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA novel regioselective metal‐catalyzed spirocyclization of α‐allenols–cross coupling (Heck, Sonogashira, and Suzuki) reaction sequence, leading to potentially bioactive spirocyclic lactam derivatives has been developed. Precursors for the tandem spirocyclization–coupling reaction, α‐allenols2 a–dwere obtained starting from α‐oxolactams1 a–cvia indium‐mediated Barbier‐type carbonyl‐allenylation reaction in aqueous media by using our previously described methodologies.
Direct Organocatalytic Asymmetric α‐Sulfenylation of Activated CH Bonds in Lactones, Lactams, and β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds
Authors: Sobhani Sara , Fielenbach Doris , Marigo Mauro , Wabnitz Tobias C. , Jørgensen Karl Anker 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe application of cinchona alkaloid derivatives as catalysts for enantioselective α‐sulfenylation of activated CH bonds in lactones, lactams, and β‐dicarbonyl compounds by different electrophilic sulfur reagents is presented. Optically active products are obtained in good to excellent yields and up to 91 % ee. Furthermore, the diastereoselective reduction of α‐sulfenylated β‐keto esters to give optically active α‐sulfenylated β‐hydroxy esters has been studied. A model for the intermediate is presented, in which the protonated cinchona alkaloid interacts with the substrate leading to face‐shielding in accordance with the enantioselective α‐sulfenylation step.
[W(CO)5]‐Catalyzed endo‐ or exo‐Cycloisomerization Reactions of 1,1‐Disubstituted 4‐Pentyn‐1‐ols: Experimental and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Barluenga José , Diéguez Alejandro , Rodríguez Félix , Fañanás Francisco J. , Sordo Tomás , Campomanes Pablo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe [W(CO)5]‐catalyzed cycloisomerization reaction of 1,1‐disubstituted 4‐pentyn‐1‐ol derivatives has been studied from both, an experimental and theoretical point of view. Three different catalytic systems have been evaluated {preformed [(thf)W(CO)5], [W(CO)6]/excess Et3N, and [W(CO)6]/2 mol % Et3N]. We have found that the reaction proceeds to give the formal endo‐ or exo‐cycloisomerization products depending on the amount of Et3N used and on the substitution along the alkyl chain of the starting alkynol. The theoretical study allowed us to find the mechanisms of the reactions which explain the formation of the formal endo‐ or exo‐cycloisomerization products.
CO Oxidation on Pt‐Modified Rh(111) Electrodes
Authors: Housmans T. H. M. , Feliu J. M. , Gómez R. , Koper M. T. M. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe CO electro‐oxidation reaction was studied on platinum‐modified Rh(111) electrodes in 0.5 M H2SO4 using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The Pt–Rh(111) electrodes were generated during voltammetric cycles at 50 mV s−1 in a 30 μM H2PtCl6 and 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. Surfaces generated by n deposition cycles were investigated (Ptn–Rh(111) with n=2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 16). The blank cyclic voltammograms of these surfaces are characterized by a pronounced sharpening of the hydrogen/(bi)sulfate adsorption/desorption peaks, typical for Rh(111), and the appearance of contributions between 0.1 and 0.4 V, which were ascribed to hydrogen/(bi)sulfate adsorption/desorption on the deposited platinum. At higher potentials, the surface oxidation of Rh(111) is enhanced by the presence of platinum. The structure of the Pt‐modified electrodes was investigated by STM imaging. At low Pt coverages (Pt2–Rh(111)), monoatomically high islands are formed, which grow three dimensionally as the number of deposition cycles increases. After eight cycles, the monolayer islands have grown in diameter and range from mono‐ to multiatomic height. At even higher Pt coverage (Pt16–Rh(111)), the islands grow to particles of approx. 10 nm in diameter, which are 5–6 atoms high. The CO stripping voltammetry on these surfaces is characterized by two peaks: A low‐potential, structure‐insensitive peak, ascribed to CO reacting at the platinum monolayer islands, whose onset is shifted 150, 250, and 100 mV negatively with respect to pure Rh(111), Pt(111), and polycrystalline Pt, respectively, indicating the enhanced CO electro‐oxidation properties of the Pt overlayer system. A peak at higher potentials displays strong structure sensitivity (particle‐size effect) and was ascribed to CO reacting on the islands of multiatomic height. Current–time transients recorded on the surface with the highest amount of monolayer islands (Pt4–Rh(111)) also indicate enhanced CO‐oxidation kinetics. Comparison of the Pt4–Rh(111) current–time transients recorded at 0.635, 0.675, and 0.750 V versus RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode) with those of pure Rh(111) and Pt(111) shows greatly reduced reaction times. A Cottrellian decay at long times indicates surface‐diffusion‐limited CO oxidation on the bare Rh(111) surface, while the peak visible at short times is indicative of CO reacting at the monolayer platinum islands. The results presented here show that, as indicated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the CO‐adlayer oxidation for this system is enhanced compared to both pure Rh and Pt.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Room‐Temperature Photoluminescence of Amorphized Pb(Zr,Ti)O3
Authors: Orhan Emmanuelle , Pontes Fenelon M. , Leite Edson R. , Pizani Paulo S. , Varela José A. , Longo Elson 
Published: July 2005

AbstractUltrafine PbZr0.20Ti0.80O3 was amorphized through high‐energy mechanical milling. The structural evolution through the amorphization process was accompanied by various characterization techniques, such as X‐ray diffraction, Fourier‐transformed IR spectroscopy (FTIR), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. A strong photoluminescence was measured at room temperature for amorphized PbZr0.20Ti0.80O3, and interpreted by means of high‐level quantum mechanical calculations in the density functional theory framework. Three periodic models were used to represent the crystalline and amorphized PbZr0.20Ti0.80O3, and they allowed the calculation of electronic properties that are consistent with the experimental data and that explain the appearance of photoluminescence.
fMRI study of language lateralization in children and adults
Authors: Szaflarski Jerzy P. , Holland Scott K. , Schmithorst Vincent J. , Byars Anna W. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractLanguage lateralization in the brain is dependent on family history of handedness, personal handedness, pathology, and other factors. The influence of age on language lateralization is not completely understood. Increasing left lateralization of language with age has been observed in children, while the reverse has been noted in healthy young adults. It is not known whether the trend of decreasing language lateralization with age continues in the late decades of life and at what age the inflection in language lateralization trend as a function of age occurs. In this study, we examined the effect of age on language lateralization in 170 healthy right‐handed children and adults ages 5–67 using functional MRI (fMRI) and a verb generation task. Our findings indicate that language lateralization to the dominant hemisphere increases between the ages 5 and 20 years, plateaus between 20 and 25 years, and slowly decreases between 25 and 70 years. Hum Brain Mapp, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multicomponent Strecker Reaction under High Pressure
Authors: Matsumoto Kiyoshi , Kim Jong Chul , Iida Hirokazu , Hamana Hiroshi , Kumamoto Koji , Kotsuki Hiyoshizo , Jenner Gérard 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor the first time, uncatalyzed, high‐pressure (0.6 GPa) reactions with ketones have proven to be a powerful way to perform the three‐component Strecker synthesis of α‐amino nitriles in high yields. Two types of double Strecker reactions were achieved, but attempts to perform triple Strecker reactions were unsuccessful.
Process‐Scale Total Synthesis of Nature‐Identical (−)‐(S,S)‐7‐Hydroxycalamenal in High Enantiomeric Purity through Catalytic Enantioselective Hydrogenation
Authors: Benincori Tiziana , Bruno Silvana , Celentano Giuseppe , Pilati Tullio , Ponti Alessandro , Rizzo Simona , Sada Mara , Sannicolò Francesco 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA process‐scale stereoselective synthesis of nature‐identical (−)‐(S,S)‐7‐hydroxycalamenal (=(−)‐(5S,8S)‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐8‐(1‐methylethyl)naphthalene‐2‐carbaldehyde; (−)‐1a) in 96% enantiomeric excess (ee) with the aid of chiral Ru complexes has been developed. The key step was the enantioselective hydrogenation of easily accessible 2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐3‐methylbut‐2‐enoic acid (10) to (+)‐11 in a 86% ee (Scheme 5 and Table 1). A substantial increase in optical purity (96% ee) was achieved by induced crystallization of the intermediate (+)‐3,4‐dihydro‐4‐(1‐methylethyl)‐7‐methoxy‐2H‐naphthalen‐1‐one ((+)‐3). Computational conformation analysis carried out on the analog (−)‐9 rationalized the high diastereoselectivity achieved in the catalytic hydrogenation of the CC bond.
Basicity of Phenyl‐ and Methyl‐Substituted 1,2,4‐Oxadiazoles
Authors: Trifonov Rostislav E. , Volovodenko Anna P. , Vergizov Sergei N. , Shirinbekov Nabi I. , Gindin Vladimir A. , Koren Andrei O. , Ostrovskii Vladimir A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe basicity of a series of 3,5‐disubstituted 1,2,4‐oxadiazoles in aqueous H2SO4 was examined by means of UV and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. The experimental data were analyzed by the modified Yates–McClelland method to yield the following pK values: 3,5‐dimethyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole, −1.66±0.06; 3‐methyl‐5‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole, −2.61±0.02; 3‐phenyl‐5‐methyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole, −2.95±0.01; 3,5‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole, −3.55±0.06. A pK value of ca. −3.7 was estimated for the parent unsubstituted 1,2,4‐oxadiazole based on substituents' additivity increments. Possible protonation sites of the compounds were discussed in terms of both experimental data and theoretical calculations (HF/6‐31G**). Generally, protonation is most likely to occur at N(4) of the 1,2,4‐oxadiazole ring. However, concurrent formation of both N(4)‐ and N(2)‐protonated species in comparable amounts is possible in the case of 3‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazoles.
Functionalised Bicyclic exo‐Glycals by Alkynol Cycloisomerisation of Hydroxy 1,3‐Diynes and Hydroxy Haloalkynes
Authors: Miao Zhiwei , Xu Ming , Hoffmann Barbara , Bernet Bruno , Vasella Andrea 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFunctionalised bicyclic exo‐glycals are readily obtained by base‐catalysed (typically MeONa in MeOH) alkynol cycloisomerisation of ethynylated cyclic saccharides. Thus, base treatment of the phenylethynyl‐ and halogenoethynylated 1‐O‐acetyl‐ribofuranoses 22–24 and the 4‐ethynylated 1‐thioglucopyranosides 30–33 gave – after deacetylation – selectively the (Z)‐configured exocyclic enol ethers 26–28 (84–91%) and 34–37 (63–76%), respectively, resulting from a trans‐5‐exo‐dig cyclisation. The ring closure to the trans‐dioxahexahydroindans 34–37 is favoured by a concerted intramolecular protonation of the intermediate vinyl anion by the neighbouring HOC(3). Cycloisomerisation of the 6‐O‐acetyl‐4‐(phenylethynyl)‐1‐thio‐α‐D‐glucopyranoside 39 occurred via the corresponding phenylethynylated allenes to provide the galacto‐configured (Z)‐ and (E)‐cis‐dioxahexahydroindans 40 (30%) and 41 (51%). Surprisingly, the HOC(4) unprotected α‐d‐galactopyranosyl‐buta‐1,3‐diyne 15 and the β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐buta‐1,3‐diyne 51 (and its 2‐bromoethynyl analogue) undergo a 6‐exo‐dig ring closure to the 2,5‐dioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes 16–19 and 52/53, respectively, the ring closure requiring a boat conformation (B1,4 for 15, 1,4B for 51). Ring strain (anti‐reflex effect) prevents an alkynol cycloisomerisation of 4‐(phenylbuta‐1,3‐diynyl, bromoethynyl, or iodoethynyl)levoglucosan 56–59, and 56 reacted by elimination to the hex‐1‐ene‐3,5‐diyne 59 (82%), while isomerisation of 57 and 58 led to epimeric mixtures of the haloallenes 60 (82%) and 61 (68%).
Solid‐State NMR Study of the Tautomerism of Acetylacetone Included in a Host Matrix
Authors: Claramunt Rosa M. , López Concepción , Lott Susanne , Santa María M. Dolores , Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe tautomerism of the enol form of acetylacetone (=pentane‐2,4‐dione; 1) inside a host cavity has been studied by means of solid‐state 13C‐NMR spectroscopy (SSNMR) using the variable‐temperature CPMAS technique. It appears that the enol form, 4‐hydroxypent‐3‐en‐2‐one (1a), exists in an equilibrium with an identical tautomer (1c) trough OH ⋅⋅⋅O proton transfer. The experimental results (energy barrier and chemical shifts) were rationalized by means of MP2 and GIAO calculations.
NMR‐Solution Structures in Methanol of an α‐Heptapeptide, of a β3/β2‐Nonapeptide, and of an all‐β3‐Icosapeptide Carrying the 20 Proteinogenic Side Chains
Authors: Seebach Dieter , Mathad Raveendra I. , Kimmerlin Thierry , Mahajan Yogesh R. , Bindschädler Pascal , Rueping Magnus , Jaun Bernhard , Hilty Christian , Etezady‐Esfarjani Touraj 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe NMR‐solution structure of an α‐heptapeptide with a central Aib residue was investigated in order to verify that, in contrast to β‐peptides, short α‐peptides do not form a helical structures in MeOH. Although the central Aib residue was found to induce a bend in the experimentally determined structure, no secondary structure typical for longer α‐peptides or proteins was found. A β2/β3‐nonapeptide with polar, positively charged side chains was subjected to NMR analysis in MeOH and H2O. Whereas, in MeOH, it folds into a 10/12‐helix very similar to the structure determined for a corresponding β2/β3‐nonapeptide with only aliphatic side chains, no dominant conformation could be determined in H2O. Finally, the NMR analysis of a β3‐icosapeptide containing the side chains of all 20 proteinogenic amino acids in MeOH is described. It revealed that this 20mer folds into a 314‐helix over its whole length forming six full turns, the longest 314‐helix found so far. Together, our findings confirm that, in contrast to α‐peptides, β‐peptides not only form helices with just six residues, but also form helices that are longer than helical sections usually observed in proteins or natural peptides. The higher helix‐forming propensity of long β‐peptides is attributed to the conformation‐stabilizing effect of the staggered ethane sections in β‐peptides which outweighs the detrimental effect of the increasing macrodipole.