bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective communication in times of crisis: The case of face mask mandates in the United States
Authors: Downey Davia Cox , Myers William 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe evaluate communication policies related to COVID‐19 adopted by governors in the United States and explore how communication and policy directives are impacted by hyper‐polarised situations, namely the presence of a divided government. This work sheds light on the challenges of crisis communication and executive leadership. Using a combination of robust regression and text and sentiment analyses, we compare the timing of and the language used by governors who imposed state‐wide facemask mandates in 2020. We find that racially diverse states with Democratic governors acted more quickly than states with comparably older populations, had more people living in one household, and without health insurance. Further, we find that Democratic governors were slower to act when their decision could be checked by a Republican legislature highlighting the restrictive nature that executives face in crises.
Effect of lactic acid bacteria fermentation on cow milk allergenicity and antigenicity: A review
Authors: Xu Yunpeng , Zhang Feifei , Mu Guangqing , Zhu Xuemei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCow milk is a major allergenic food. The potential prevention and treatment effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB)‐fermented dairy products on allergic symptoms have garnered considerable attention. Cow milk allergy (CMA) is mainly attributed to extracellular and/or cell envelope proteolytic enzymes with hydrolysis specificity. Numerous studies have demonstrated that LAB prevents the risk of allergies by modulating the development and regulation of the host immune system. Specifically, LAB and its effectors can enhance intestinal barrier function and affect immune cells by interfering with humoral and cellular immunity. Fermentation hydrolysis of allergenic epitopes is considered the main mechanism of reducing CMA. This article reviews the linear epitopes of allergens in cow milk and the effect of LAB on these allergens and provides insight into the means of predicting allergenic epitopes by conventional laboratory analysis methods combined with molecular simulation. Although LAB can reduce CMA in several ways, the mechanism of action remains partially clarified. Therefore, this review additionally attempts to summarize the main mechanism of LAB fermentation to provide guidance for establishing an effective preventive and treatment method for CMA and serve as a reference for the screening, research, and application of LAB‐based intervention.
Adding pulse flours to cereal‐based snacks and bakery products: An overview of free asparagine quantification methods and mitigation strategies of acrylamide formation in foods
Authors: Sá Amanda G. A. , House James D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThermal processing techniques can lead to the formation of heat‐induced toxic substances. Acrylamide is one contaminant that has received much scientific attention in recent years, and it is formed essentially during the Maillard reaction when foods rich in carbohydrates, particularly reducing sugars (glucose, fructose), and certain free amino acids, especially asparagine (ASN), are processed at high temperatures (>120°C). The highly variable free ASN concentration in raw materials makes it challenging for food businesses to keep acrylamide content below the European Commission benchmark levels, while avoiding flavor, color, and texture impacts on their products. Free ASN concentrations in crops are affected by environment, genotype, and soil fertilization, which can also influence protein content and amino acid composition. This review aims to provide an overview of free ASN and acrylamide quantification methods and mitigation strategies for acrylamide formation in foods, focusing on adding pulse flours to cereal‐based snacks and bakery products. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of these mitigation strategies in minimizing acrylamide formation in plant‐based products and ensuring safer and healthier food options.
Role of encapsulation on the bioavailability of omega‐3 fatty acids
Authors: Homroy Snigdha , Chopra Rajni , Singh Priyanka Kumari , Dhiman Aishwarya , Chand Monika , Talwar Binanshu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOmega‐3 fatty acids (omega‐3 FAs) have been widely recognized for their therapeutic advantages, including anti‐inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. They have shown promise in enhancing regulatory function, promotingdevelopment and mitigating the progression of diabetes and cancer. The scientific communities, along with industries, are actively endorsing initiatives aimed at increasing the daily intake of lipids rich in omega‐3 FAs. Nevertheless, incorporating polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) into food products poses several challenges due to their susceptibility to oxidation when exposed to oxygen, high temperatures, and moisture. This oxidative deterioration results in undesirable flavours and a loss of nutritional value. Various methods, including physical blending, interesterification, and encapsulation, have been utilized as ways to enhance the stability of edible oils rich in PUFA against oxidation. Encapsulation has emerged as a proven strategy for enhancing the oxidative stability and functional properties of omega‐3 FA‐rich oils. Multiple encapsulation methods have been developed to stabilize and improve the delivery of omega‐3 FAs in food products. The selection of an appropriate encapsulation method depends on the desired application of the encapsulated oil. In addition, encapsulation enhances the bioavailability of omega‐3 FAs by promoting increased absorption of the encapsulated form in the intestinal epithelium. This review discusses the techniques and principles of omega‐3 FA‐rich oil encapsulation and its role in improving stability and bioavailability. Furthermore, it also investigates the potential health benefits of these encapsulated oils. This review explores the variations in bioavailability based on encapsulation techniques and processing, offering vital insights for nutrition and product development.
Advanced biopolymer‐based edible coating technologies for food preservation and packaging
Authors: Wibowo Condro , Salsabila Syahla , Muna Aulal , Rusliman David , Wasisto Hutomo Suryo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlong with the growth of the world's population that reduces the accessibility of arable land and water, demand for food, as the fundamental element of human beings, has been continuously increasing each day. This situation not only becomes a challenge for the modern food chain systems but also affects food availability throughout the world. Edible coating is expected to play a significant role in food preservation and packaging, where this technique can reduce the number of food loss and subsequently ensure more sustainable food and agriculture production through various mechanisms. This review provides comprehensive information related to the currently available advanced technologies of coating applications, which include advanced methods (i.e., nanoscale and multilayer coating methods) and advanced properties (i.e., active, self‐healing, and super hydrophobic coating properties). Furthermore, the benefits and drawbacks of those technologies during their applications on foods are also discussed. For further research, opportunities are foreseen to develop robust edible coating methods by combining multiple advanced technologies for large‐scale and more sustainable industrial production.
Occupational anaphylaxis—Data from the anaphylaxis registry
Authors: Worm Margitta , Höfer Veronika , Dölle‐Bierke Sabine , Bilo Maria Beatrice , Hartmann Karin , Sabouraud‐Leclerc Dominique , Treudler Regina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiologic data on occupational anaphylaxis is scarce, and there is a need of more knowledge about work‐related anaphylactic episodes.MethodsBased on the data of the Anaphylaxis Registry, we identified cases related to occupational exposure and analyzed the elicitors, demographics, severity of clinical reaction and management.ResultsSince 2017, 5851 cases with an information about the occupational relation of the anaphylactic episode were registered whereby 225 (3.8%) were assigned to be caused by an occupational allergen. The vast majority of these occupational anaphylaxis cases were caused by insects (n = 186, 82.7%) followed by food (n = 27, 12.0%) and drugs (n = 8, 3.6%). Latex elicited occupational anaphylaxis in only two cases. Beekeepers, gardeners, farmers, and individuals working in professions associated with food handling, for example, employees in restaurants, bakery, pastry, and cooks were most frequently affected. The comparison of the occupational insect venom‐induced anaphylaxis to a group of non‐occupational insect anaphylaxis in adults (n = 1842) revealed a significant younger age in occupational anaphylaxis (46 vs. 53 years), a predominance of bee‐induced cases (38% vs. 17%), and a higher rate of venom immunotherapy in a primary care setting (3.3% vs. 1.3%, p = .044). In the occupational‐ versus non‐occupational adults with food‐induced anaphylaxis atopic dermatitis as concomitant atopic disease was observed more frequently (n = 486; 20% vs. 10%), although this was not significant.ConclusionOur data demonstrate the impact of venom allergy in work‐related anaphylaxis. Foods and drugs are less frequently elicitors, and latex‐induced occupational anaphylaxis was rare. More data are needed to determine risk factors associated with occupational anaphylaxis.
‘Adoption is Kinda Hard and Kinda Cool’: Residential care children's views on adoption and preparation for adoption
Authors: Fidalgo Isabel , Henriques Margarida R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPreparing children for adoption is one of the major goals of the child welfare system. Research on adoption preparation has mainly focused on the perspective of adults, and studies addressing the views of children eligible for adoption are meagre. This study aimed to contribute to filling this gap by exploring the child's perspective on adoption and preparation for adoption. Twenty children aged 9–13 years old (seven girls) and living in residential care institutions, participated in three semi‐structured focus group interviews. Thematic analysis of the data revealed three major themes: understanding of adoption, challenges associated with adoption and preparation and other factors that facilitate adoption. The results suggest that children perceive adoption as an opportunity for a better life that involves challenges such as navigating ambivalence, distancing from biological parents and anticipated risks. Preparation for adoption is key to overcome the expected difficulties. We discussed these results considering the importance of prioritizing children's best interests and exploring practical applications of incorporating their perspectives in adoption preparation. Addressing the views of children eligible for adoption may contribute to promoting the quality of child‐centred care in adoption preparation practices.
Horizontal ridge augmentation with particulate cortico‐cancellous freeze‐dried bone allograft alone or combined with injectable‐platelet rich fibrin in a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Zahedi Leili , Mohammadi Mohammad , Kalantari Mahsa , Arabsolghar Mohaddeseh , Ranjbar Hadi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of horizontal ridge augmentation using FDBA in combination with injectable‐platelet rich fibrin (i‐PRF) versus FDBA alone. To fulfill this aim, the radiographic and histomorphometric outcomes are compared.MethodThe study involved 41 patients who had horizontal alveolar ridge defects categorized as either B (2.5–7 mm) or C (0–2.5 mm). The control group received FDBA alone (n = 20), while the test group received FDBA in combination with i‐PRF (n = 21). The horizontal dimensions of the alveolar ridge were measured at 0, 2, 4, and 6 mm from the bone crest using CBCT before and 6 months after alveolar ridge augmentation. In the second‐stage surgery, 24 biopsies were taken from the augmented bone — 13 from the control group and 11 from the test group, and were examined histologically and histomorphometrically. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, chi‐square, paired‐t, and two‐sample t tests.ResultsThere was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the increase of mean ridge width between the test group and the control group after 6 months at distances of 0, 2, 4, and 6 mm from the crest, with differences of −0.28, 0.12, 0.52, and 1.04 mm, respectively. However, the amount of newly formed bone and material residues was significantly higher in the FDBA + i‐PRF group compared to the FDBA alone group (45.01% and 13.06% vs 54.03% and 8.48%, respectively). There was no significant difference in the amount of soft tissue between the two groups (41.02% and 37.5%, p > 0.05).ConclusionThe study found that there was no statistically significant difference in the increase of horizontal ridge width between the FDBA + i‐PRF group and the FDBA group. However, the histomorphometric analysis revealed that the FDBA + i‐PRF group had a higher proportion of newly formed bone, less connective tissue, and fewer residual particles. This suggests a superior quality of bone formation compared to the FDBA group.
Acrylates in artificial nails—Results of product analyses and glove penetration studies
Authors: Suuronen Katri , Ylinen Katriina , Heikkilä Jaakko , Mäkelä Erja , Vastapuu Raija , Aalto‐Korte Kristiina , Pesonen Maria 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundArtificial nail materials are mixtures that are prone to contain several sensitizing (meth)acrylates. It is not known whether the listing of (meth)acrylates is correct in these products' packages. Protective gloves suited for nail work are needed.ObjectivesTo analyse (meth)acrylates in gel nail and acrylic nail products chemically and to compare the results with the information in the product labels, and to study penetration of artificial nail materials through selected disposable gloves.MethodsWe analysed 31 gel nail products and 6 acrylic nail products for their (meth)acrylate content by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). We tested the penetration of two nail products through three disposable gloves: nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).ResultsAltogether 32/37 products contained (meth)acrylates. In all of them, there was discrepancy between the listed (meth)acrylates and those discovered in the analysis. The commonest (meth)acrylates were hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA, 20/37 samples) and hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA, 9/37 samples), but many of the product packages failed to declare them. Isobornyl acrylate (IBA) was discovered in nine gel nail products. The neoprene glove could withstand nail gel for 20 min and thin nitrile glove and PVC glove for 5 min. Acrylic nail liquid penetrated through disposable gloves quickly.ConclusionsLabelling of artificial nail products was notably incorrect on most products. Requirements for product labelling must be updated so that the risk of sensitization associated with artificial nail products is clearly indicated. Disposable gloves can probably be used short‐term in gel nail work, whereas disposable gloves do not protect the user from acrylic nail liquids.
DNA methylation regulates RNA m6A modification through transcription factor SP1 during the development of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhai Yanhui , An Xinglan , Li Qi , Zhang Daoyu , Zhou Yongfeng , Zhang Sheng , Dai Xiangpeng , Li Ziyi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEpigenetic modifications play critical roles during somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo development. Whether RNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) affects the developmental competency of SCNT embryos remains unclear. Here, we showed that porcine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (pBMSCs) presented higher RNA m6A levels than those of porcine embryonic fibroblasts (pEFs). SCNT embryos derived from pBMSCs had higher RNA m6A levels, cleavage, and blastocyst rates than those from pEFs. Compared with pEFs, the promoter region of METTL14 presented a hypomethylation status in pBMSCs. Mechanistically, DNA methylation regulated METTL14 expression by affecting the accessibility of transcription factor SP1 binding, highlighting the role of the DNA methylation/SP1/METTL14 pathway in donor cells. Inhibiting the DNA methylation level in donor cells increased the RNA m6A level and improved the development efficiency of SCNT embryos. Overexpression of METTL14 significantly increased the RNA m6A level in donor cells and the development efficiency of SCNT embryos, whereas knockdown of METTL14 suggested the opposite result. Moreover, we revealed that RNA m6A‐regulated TOP2B mRNA stability, translation level, and DNA damage during SCNT embryo development. Collectively, our results highlight the crosstalk between RNA m6A and DNA methylation, and the crucial role of RNA m6A during nuclear reprogramming in SCNT embryo development.
The urgency of Burkitt lymphoma diagnosis in fluid cytology—A tertiary care experience
Authors: Ravi Soundarya , Devi Anu K. , Manivannan Prabhu , Gochhait Debasis , Kar Rakhee , Siddaraju Neelaiah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBurkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive high‐grade B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma commonly diagnosed in young age and is known to involve extra nodal sites. But the involvement of body fluids by BL is an uncommon presentation. Rapid diagnosis of BL is vital to prevent complications like tumour lysis syndrome. Cytological examination of body fluids continues to be an indispensable tool for rapid diagnosis of BL.ObjectivesIn this study, we aim to study the clinical, cytomorphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of BL involving serous effusions and other fluids.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective study, 17 cases reported as BL in fluid cytology from 2016 to 2022 were collected and reviewed. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the clinical data, cytomorphological features, immunophenotyping data along with the haematological workup of these cases. We have also compared with the histopathological diagnosis for those cases where biopsy was available.ResultsBL more commonly involved ascitic fluid (52%), followed by pleural fluid (4 cases) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; 4 cases). Primary diagnosis of BL in fluid was done in 88% of the cases. Bone marrow involvement was noted in two cases. Cytological smears showed discrete monomorphous population of medium‐sized atypical lymphoid cells with frequent apoptotic bodies. Classic cytoplasmic punched out vacuoles were observed in 88% of the cases. Immunophenotyping data was available for 12 cases in which tumour cells showed positivity for CD20 (100%), CD10 (4 of 7 cases), BCL6 (3 of 5 cases) and cMYC (7 of 7 cases—100%) and were negative for Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) (11 of 11 cases). Mean Ki67 labelling index was 95%. Histopathological diagnosis was available for 9 cases, and there was 100% agreement between cytological and histopathological diagnosis in 7 cases.ConclusionPrecise diagnosis of BL can be rendered in body fluids by identification of classic cytomorphological features and by performing supportive ancillary tests in fluids for immunophenotyping.
Nucleus accumbens and dorsal medial striatal dopamine and neural activity are essential for action sequence performance
Authors: Fraser Kurt M. , Chen Bridget J. , Janak Patricia H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSeparable striatal circuits have unique functions in Pavlovian and instrumental behaviors but how these roles relate to performance of sequences of actions with and without associated cues are less clear. Here, we tested whether dopamine transmission and neural activity more generally in three striatal subdomains are necessary for performance of an action chain leading to reward delivery. Male and female Long‐Evans rats were trained to press a series of three spatially distinct levers to receive reward. We assessed the contribution of neural activity or dopamine transmission within each striatal subdomain when progression through the action sequence was explicitly cued and in the absence of cues. Behavior in both task variations was substantially impacted following microinfusion of the dopamine antagonist, flupenthixol, into nucleus accumbens core (NAc) or dorsomedial striatum (DMS), with impairments in sequence timing and numbers of rewards earned after NAc flupenthixol. In contrast, after pharmacological inactivation to suppress overall activity, there was minimal impact on total rewards earned. Instead, inactivation of both NAc and DMS impaired sequence timing and led to sequence errors in the uncued, but not cued task. There was no impact of dopamine antagonism or reversible inactivation of dorsolateral striatum on either cued or uncued action sequence completion. These results highlight an essential contribution of NAc and DMS dopamine systems in motivational and performance aspects of chains of actions, whether cued or internally generated, as well as the impact of intact NAc and DMS function for correct sequence performance.
Defining points and transformative turns in family violence, parenting and coparenting disputes
Authors: Saini Michael A. , Deutsch Robin M. , Drozd Leslie M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFamily violence is a multifaceted issue encompassing various harmful behaviors within familial relationships. This paper explores the definitional problems presented in this special issue on family violence and its impact on parenting and coparenting. By examining the shifts and expansions of concepts related to family violence over time, we highlight the transformative turns in this special issue that have helped us to clarify our understanding of family violence. We explore the transformative expansions of family violence by situating this exploration within a “concept creep” analysis. We make a note of the underlying assumptions associated with these concepts. Through an analysis of concept creep, we elucidate how the expansions and redefinition of violence‐related terms have influenced our understanding of family violence. By differentiating family violence, intimate partner violence, and maltreatment, we emphasize the necessity of unpacking these terms to avoid oversimplification or overlooking certain forms of violence that may go unnoticed under narrow definitions. The authors further highlight the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to address the complexities of family violence and its impact on parenting and coparenting. By acknowledging and responding to expansions of concepts in family violence, we can strive to protect and support children in these challenging circumstances, ultimately promoting their well‐being and creating safer family environments.