bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on Implications of ChatGPT on Teaching, Learning, Research and Innovation in the Higher Education Sector
Authors: Netswera Fulufhelo , Zungu Lindiwe 
Published: February 2024

As of 16 March 2023, 26,222 prominent entrepreneurs and business executives had signed a petition to cease all Artificial Intelligence (AI) experimentation and training beyond GPT-4.”[1] The rationale for this intervention was to examine the impact of AI developments and whether they pose a major risk to humanity. The petitioners believe that current AI developments can compete with humans in almost all respects and caution that AI technological advancements can lead to developments beyond human control with a high potential to outsmart humans.
Teaching and learning (T&L), research and innovation form the backbone of the higher education sector. Higher education institutions develop individuals' intellectual, operational and technical abilities for a functional society. By its definition, a higher education institution and a university in particular is a provider of facilities and resources that enable intellectuals and expertise to facilitate T&L, research and community engagement.[2] Recently, the question of community engagement viewed in respect of its earlier reference to the triple helix has been redefined into quad helix as “engagement” to embrace all “stakeholders”. Here, mutual T&L between the higher education sector and industries continues to increase learning machine technologies for operational purposes in agriculture, manufacturing, and packaging.[3]
Comparison of liquid based cytology and conventional smears on lymph node aspirates: A cytomorphological study
Authors: Shahab Juhi , Ahuja Sana , Singh Mukul , Verma Pooja , Ranga Sunil 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
In an era of minimally invasive and rapid diagnostic technologies, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is most useful when it comes to patients with lymphadenopathies especially of the cervical region. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is an alternative processing method which is used for both gynecological and non-gynecological samples. Because of the remarkable advantages of LBC smears in gynecological samples, nowadays, many studies have been done to assess its utility in various other lesions. Hereby, with the help of this study, we would like to evaluate the efficiency of LBC smears in comparison to conventional FNAC smears conventional smears (CS) on lymph node aspirates.

Material and Methods:
A retrospective study was done over a 1-year period in which 253 cases of lymph node aspirates were included in the study. The slides were prepared using standard conventional and LBC techniques and compared for adequacy, cellularity, cell architecture, necrosis, background debris, presence of cells in monolayer sheets, and nuclear/cytoplasmic details.

Results:
Of the total 253 cases, 171 (67.6%) were and 67 (26.5%) were diagnosed as non-neoplastic and malignant, respectively. Although the LBC smears were useful in the diagnosis of malignant cases, they did pose some challenges especially in the non-neoplastic lymph node aspirates due to loss of the background necrosis. In addition, the cellular yield in LBC smears was low in comparison to CS.

Conclusion:
LBC smears from lymph node aspirates results in better diagnostic accuracy for malignant cases due to better cellular and nuclear details. However, for non-neoplastic etiology, it should not be considered better than CS as loss of the background necrosis and inflammation may result in an incorrect diagnosis.
Diagnostic analysis of pleural fluid cell blocks using relevant immunohistochemical markers in clinically suspicious cases of malignancy
Authors: Mathew Jules Kurian , Rajan Gopalan Nair , Kunju Abhilash Kudilipparambil 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
Thoracocentesis is a less invasive and expensive procedure than pleural biopsy, enabling sample collection for cytological evaluation. Cell blocks prepared from these samples provide histopathological diagnoses; further, immunohistochemistry (IHC) can be performed for subtyping malignancies, guiding the clinician in choosing the appropriate treatment modality for the patient. We aimed to determine the various histological subtypes of malignancies using cell block IHC and compare the cell block and conventional cytology methods for diagnosing malignant pleural effusion.

Material and Methods:
All pleural fluid samples from the clinically suspicious cases of malignancy collected at the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College Kottayam, India, during 18 months, except duplicate and inadequate samples, were included in this prospective observational study. IHC was performed on cell blocks that were positive for malignancy.

Results:
This study analyzed 630 samples, of which 121 cell blocks demonstrated the presence of malignancy. Overall, 80%, 13%, and 7% of cases were negative, suspicious, and positive for malignancy based on conventional cytology, and 81%, 0%, and 19% were negative, suspicious, and positive for malignancy based on cell blocks, respectively. Among all malignancies, adenocarcinomas from the lung (56%) were the most common, followed by adenocarcinomas from the breast (6%), squamous cell carcinomas (5%), and adenocarcinomas from the ovary (3%). Cell blocks helped detect more malignancies (19%) than conventional cytology (7%), despite a moderate agreement between both methods.

Conclusion:
Adenocarcinomas were the most common cause of malignant pleural effusions, and the most frequent site of origin was the lungs. Cell blocks helped diagnose more malignancies than conventional cytology.
Traumatic penetrating head injury by crossbow projectiles: A case report and literature review
Authors: Khayat Moath Abdullah , Khayat Hassan , Alhantoobi Mohamed Rashed , Aljoghaiman Majid , Sommer Doron D. , Algird Almunder , Guha Daipayan 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Low-energy penetrating head injuries caused by arrows are relatively uncommon. The objective of this report is to describe a case presentation and management of self-inflicted intracranial injury using a crossbow and to provide a relevant literature review.

Case Report:
A 31-year-old man with a previous psychiatric history sustained a self-inflicted injury using a crossbow that he bought from a department store. The patient arrived neurologically intact at the hospital, fully awake and oriented. He was not able to verbalize due to immobilization of the jaw as well as fixation of his tongue to his hard palate secondary to the position of the arrow. The trajectory of the object showed an entry point at the floor of the oral cavity and an exit through the calvarium just off the midline. The oral and nasal cavity, along with the palate and, the skull base of the anterior cranial fossa, and the left frontal lobe, were all breached. No vascular injury was identified clinically or in imaging. The arrow was surgically removed in the operating room after establishing an elective surgical airway. The floor of the mouth, tongue, and palate was repaired next. A planned delayed cerebrospinal fluid leak repair was performed. The patient made a substantial recovery and was discharged home in good functional status. A systematic literature search was done using Medline for cases with intracranial injuries related to crossbows to review and appraise the available literature.

Conclusion:
A thorough assessment in a multidisciplinary trauma center and the availability of a subspecialty care team, including neurosurgery and otolaryngology, are paramount in such cases. The vascular imaging should be done before and after any planned surgical intervention. Emergent and elective surgical airway management should be considered and made available throughout the stabilization and care of the acute injury. Surgical management should be planned to remove the object with adequate exposure to facilitate visualization, removal, and the possible need for further intervention, including anticipating aerodigestive and vascular injuries on removal. Finally, access to weapons and the relation to psychiatric illness should not be overlooked, as many reported cases are self-harming in nature.
Essentials for early diagnosis of primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma. How to suspect primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma early and proceed to invasive biopsy? A case report and literature review
Authors: Shigekawa Seiji , Inoue Akihiro , Miyazaki Yukihiro , Taniwaki Mashio , Kanehisa Kota , Matsumoto Sayaka , Okada Yoko , Kitazawa Riko , Kunieda Takeharu 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma (PISCL) is an extremely rare condition. Early diagnosis is very difficult due to the nonspecific clinical and imaging findings. A biopsy is essential for a definitive diagnosis, but courage is required to perform the surgery. Here, we present a case of PISCL and suggest useful indicators for accurate diagnosis of this pathological entity.

Case Description:
A 70-year-old woman presented with subacute bilateral lower-limb paralysis, disturbance of warm and pain sensations, and vesicorectal disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a contrast-enhanced mass from C7 to Th2 and large, edematous lesions from the upper cervical to lower thoracic spinal cord. Elevated uptake of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) was identified in the enhanced regions on FDG-positron emission tomography (PET). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed highly elevated levels of β2-microglobulin (β2-MG). Steroid pulse therapy and therapeutic plasma exchange were performed for suspected myelitis, but symptoms did not improve. Spinal cord biopsy was, therefore, performed for treatment-resistant myelopathy. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which was diagnosed as PISCL because systemic examination showed no other findings suggestive of malignant lymphoma.

Conclusion:
In cases with poor response to treatment and a progressive course, PISCL should be considered, and spinal cord biopsy should be performed if PET shows increased 18F-FDG uptake and β2-MG is elevated in CSF.
A realidade da mandioca no Maranhão
Authors: Pinheiro José Carlos Durans 
Published: February 2024

A obra convida leitores de todas as esferas a refletir sobre a complexidade da relação entre homem e natureza, e como a mandioca, um cultivo tão antigo, continua a ser central na vida de muitos. Através de uma combinação de pesquisa rigorosa e relatos pessoais, o livro não apenas informa, mas também inspira, destacando os desafios e as oportunidades que se apresentam na busca por sustentabilidade, segurança alimentar e desenvolvimento econômico.
Argument structure in explaining wave-particle duality of photons in double-slit experiment
Authors: Koponen Ismo T. , Vuola Karoliina , Nousiainen Maija 
Published: February 2024

We analyze here how pre-service teachers explicate their views about the wave-particle duality of photons and what role it plays in their arguments supporting the quantum nature of light. The data for the analysis is provided by 12 written reports about the double-slit experiment with feeble light. The analysis is based on constructing semantic networks corresponding to pre-service teachers’ written texts. Contingency-like associative correlation between word-pairs is used to differentiate between word-pairs, where associations of two terms or words is systematic. Such associations indicate connections, which are significant for key term vocabularies in construction of inferences and arguments. Based on that information of the key vocabulary we then construct the structure of pre-service teachers’ argument for the nature of the photon and its wave-particle duality, in the form of directed argument graphs (DAGs). The results show that argument structures in four to six out of 12 cases meet the goals set for pre-service teacher education. In these cases, experimental aspects and wave-particle duality play an important role in the pre-service teachers’ argument and its structure.
कक्षा ८ को नेपाली भाषा पाठ्यपुस्तकमा कार्यमूलक व्याकरणको प्रयोग
Authors: तिमल्सिना Timalsena शिवप्रसाद Shiva Prasad 
Published: February 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा कक्षा ८ को नेपाली भाषा पाठ्यपुस्तकमा प्रयुक्त कार्यमूलक व्याकरणका विषयवस्तुहरूलाई पाठ्यव्रmमअनुरूपता, छनोट र स्तरण, पाठस“गको सम्बद्धता र कार्यमूलकता तथा उदाहरण र प्रयोग अभ्यासका आधारमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक ढाँचामा संरचित यस लेखमा तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययन र तथ्याङ्कको विश्लेषण वर्णनात्मक विधिबाट गरिएको छ । अध्ययनको प्राथमिक स्रोतका रूपमा कक्षा ८ को नेपाली भाषा पाठ्यपुस्तकलाई लिइएको छ । निर्धारित पाठ्यपुस्तकबाट कार्यमूलक व्याकरणका विषयवस्तुहरू पहिचान गरी तिनको वितरण र प्रस्तुतिलाई तालिकामा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ भने तालिकाको व्याख्या विश्लेषणबाट निष्कर्षमा पुगिएको छ । अध्ययनबाट पाठ्यक्रमअनुरूपका अधिकांश विषय कार्यमूलक व्याकरणमा समेटिएको, वाच्य, शब्दवर्ग र कारक, विभक्ति तथा विभक्ति नियमको प्रयोग आदि विषयहरू जटिल प्रकृतिका छनोट गरिएको, वाच्य, कारक र विभक्ति तथा लेख्य चिह्नका विषयवस्तुहरू रेखीय स्तरणमा संयोजन गरिएको, पाठ सम्बद्ध र उदाहरण प्रयोगमा आधारित विषयहरूको कमी रहेको, कार्यमूलकताका सम्बन्धमा अस्पष्टता रहेको तथा व्याकरणका केही विषयवस्तुलाई सैद्धान्तिक स्वरूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको पाइएको छ ।
Hubungan pemberian MP-Asi dengan status gizi balita 1 tahun di UPTD Puskesmas Pinolosian
Authors: Agustin Agustin , Saleh Sitti Nurul Hikma , Sriwahyuningsih Ade 
Published: February 2024

Pentingnya pemberian MP-ASI > 6 bulan karena kematangan saluran pencernaan bayi terjadi pada usia 6 bulan ke atas karena sistem pencernaanya sudah relatif sempurna dan siap menerima MP-ASI. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan pemberian MP-ASI dini dengan status Gizi bayi 6-12 bulan di UPTD Puskesmas Pinolosian. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu ibu yang mempunyai anak usia 1 tahun, ibu yang bersedia menjadi responden, bisa berkomunikasi dengan baik, dan ibu yang aktif mengikuti posyandu dengan sampel sebanyak 66 responden. Pada penelitian ini, dipilih menggunakan metode accidental sampling. pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, juga analisis data univariat serta bivariat dan juga menggunakan uji chi square dan program komputer. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah189 bayi dan sampel diambil secara purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 66. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi Anak Usia 1 Tahun di UPTD Puskesmas Pinolosian. (P Value = 0,000). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi anak usia 1 tahun, pemberian MP-ASI selama ≥ 6 Bulan sebanyak 34 orang (51,5%), sedangkan tidak memberikan MP-ASI ≥ 6 bulan sebanyak 32 orang (48,5%).
Model pengelolaan sampah terpadu di Kota Surakarta
Authors: Supratikno Samudra Ivan , Warlina Lina , Listyarini Sri 
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kondisi penyelenggaraan, model pengelolaan sampah dan mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat dalam pengelolaan sampah di Kota Surakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Surakarta dengan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber utama data penelitian ini yaitu data yang berasal hasil observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang berkaitan dengan model pengelolaan sampah terpadu di Kota Surakarta. Prosedur pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan model interaksi dari Miles dan Huberman dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pengelolaan sampah terpadu di Kota Surakarta meliputi komponen hardware, orgware, dan brainware. Komponen hardware meliputi sarana prasarana pengelolaan sampah terpadu di Kota Surakarta yang meliputi kegiatan pengangkutan. Pengangkutan sampah dari sumber sampah seperti pedagang sayur, pedagang buah atau toko dilakukan dengan mengunakan gerobak sampah. Komponen orgware meliputi komponen manusia yaitu kegiatan pengumpulan sampah oleh masyarakat. Komponen brainware meliputi komponen kelembagaan yang mengatur dan mengelola sistem pengelolaan sampah terpadu yaitu pemerintah Kota Surakarta. Sedangkan pengelolaan sampah di lingkungan pasar dikelola oleh Dinas Pengelolaan Pasar.
Pengaruh motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Kelurahan Cisaranten Bina Harapan
Authors: Rantau Fawaz Malki , Agustriyana Darwis 
Published: February 2024

Seorang Pegawai Negeri Sipil harus bisa memberikan pelayanan terbaik dan melakukan pekerjaan dengan baik, yang mana perihal tersebut bisa dilakukan pengukuran dengan kinerja yang dihasilkan. Kinerja yang bagus ialah kinerja yang mengikuti aturan yang sudah diputuskan demi menggapai target organisasi. Kinerja tenaga kerja diberikan pengaruh melalui bermacam sebab meliputi berkaitan pada teman ataupun yang berkaitan pada lingkungan. Kriteria kinerja yang bagus yaitu memiliki motivasi yang besar serta kedisiplinan kerja yang besar. Pengkajian ini memiliki tujuan guna mendapati pengaruh motivasi kerja serta kedisiplinan kerja pada kinerja tenaga kerja dalam Dinas Kelurahan Cisaranten Bina Harapan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yang dipakai pada pengkajian ini yaitu 30 responden. Pada pengkajian ini teknik yang dipakai ialah Metode Deskriptif serta Metode Verifikatif. Pengumpulan data ini menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan statistik inferensial yaitu menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Perolehan pengkajian membuktikan bahwasanya motivasi kerja memberikan pengaruh kepositifan namun tidak signifikansi pada kinerja pegawai, disiplin kerja memberikan pengaruh kepositifan serta signifikansi pada kinerja pegawai. Sedangkan berdasarkan persamaan regresi linier berganda motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja dengan bersamaan pada kinerja pegawai. Semakin buruk motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja maka akan ikut menyebabkan buruknya kinerja yang dilakukan oleh pegawai. Begitu juga sebaliknya, semakin baik motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja maka, akan semakin membaik kinerja yang dilakukan pegawai dalam kelurahan.
Pengaruh penghargaan dan loyalitas terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Adira Dinamika multifinance TBK cabang Denpasar Dewata Square
Authors: Wiradyatmika Anak Agung Gde Alit 
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh penghargaan dan loyalitas terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Adira Dinamika Multifinance Tbk, Cabang Denpasar Dewata Square. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 64 orang menggunakan metode random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Objek penelitian ini penghargaan yang diukur menggunakan enam indikator, loyalitas diukur menggunakan lima indikator dan kinerja diukur menggunakan empat indikator. Teknik analisa data menggunakan SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua indikator pembentuk variabel penghargaan, loyalitas dan kinerja adalah signifikan. Penghargaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, loyalitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja. Loyalitas merupakan variabel dominan yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Besarnya kontribusi penghargaan dan loyalitas terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 82,6%.
PENGARUH RETURN ON ASSET (ROA) DAN PRICE TO BOOK VALUE (PBV) TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR MENARA
Authors: Nurhayati Nunung 
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Return On Asset (ROA) Dan Price to Book Value (PBV) Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Sektor Menara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif.
Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh laporan tahunan PT. Sarana Menara Nusantara Tbk., dan PT. Tower Bersama Infrastructure Tbk.. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu informasi harga saham, laporan laba/rugi dan neraca enam tahun terakhir. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis korelasi product moment, multiple correlation, uji t, uji F dan analisis koefisen determinasi.
Atas dasar uji korelasi maka diperoleh hasil, secara parsial ROA terhadap harga saham memiliki pengaruh kuat dan positif. Secara parsial PBV terhadap harga saham memiliki pengaruh sedang dan negatif. Secara bersama-sama ROA dan PBV terhadap harga saham memiliki pengaruh kuat dan positif
Berdasarkan uji t maka diperoleh hasil, secara parsial ROA berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham. Secara parsial PBV berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham. Secara bersama-sama ROA dan PBV berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham.
Dari analisis koefisien determinasi maka diperoleh hasil, secara parsial ROA memberikan pengaruh terhadap harga saham. Secara parsial PBV memberikan pengaruh terhadap harga saham. Secara bersama-sama ROA dan PBV memberikan pengaruh terhadap harga saham
Can Incorrect Analysis of Time-Dependent Exposure Explain Associations between PM2.5 Exposure and Risk of Dementia?
Authors: Bachand Annette M. , Dell Linda D. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Epidemiological studies have reported positive associations between long-term exposure to particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less in diameter (PM2.5) and risk of Alzheimer’s disease and other clinical dementia. Many of these studies have analyzed data using Cox Proportional Hazards (PH) regression, which estimates a hazard ratio (HR) for the treatment (in this case, exposure) effect on the time-to-event outcome while adjusting for influential covariates. PM2.5 levels vary over time. As air quality standards for PM2.5 have become more stringent over time, average outdoor PM2.5 levels have decreased substantially. Objective: Investigate whether a Cox PH analysis that does not properly account for exposure that varies over time could produce a biased HR of similar magnitude to the HRs reported in recent epidemiological studies of PM2.5 and dementia risk. Methods: Simulation analysis. Results: We found that the biased HR can affect statistical analyses that consider exposure levels at event times only, especially if PM2.5 levels decreased consistently over time. Furthermore, the direction of such bias is away from the null and of a magnitude that is consistent with the reported estimates of dementia risk in several epidemiological studies of PM2.5 exposure (HR≈1.2 to 2.0). Conclusions: This bias can be avoided by correctly assigning exposure to study subjects throughout the entire follow-up period. We recommend that investigators provide a detailed description of how time-dependent exposure variables were accounted for in their Cox PH analyses when they report their results.