bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term durability and temporal pattern of revisional surgery of laparoscopic large hiatal hernia repair
Authors: Ugliono Elettra , Rebecchi Fabrizio , Franco Caterina , Morino Mario 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Laparoscopic repair is the preferred surgical treatment for symptomatic Large Hiatal Hernia (LHH). However, data on long-term outcomes are limited. This study aims to evaluate the 20-year follow-up results of laparoscopic LHH repair in a high-volume experienced tertiary center. Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent elective laparoscopic LHH repair between 1992 and 2008. Preoperative and perioperative data were collected. The primary endpoint was the long-term reoperation rate. Survival analyses were calculated according to the Kaplan–Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to investigate predictive factors of the need for revisional surgery. A total of 176 patients were included. All the procedures were performed laparoscopically, and in 5 cases (3.0%) with a robot-assisted approach. Mesh-augmented cruroplasty was performed in 26 patients (15.8%). A fundoplication was added in all patients: Nissen in 158 (89.8%), Toupet in 5 (2.8%), and Collis–Nissen in 13 (7.4%). Postoperative mean follow-up was 224.6 ± 83.3 months. Clinically significant hiatal hernia recurrence occurred in 27 (16.2%), and 18 patients (10.2%) underwent surgical revision. The median time-to-redo was 12 months (IQR 6–42 months). Overall durability without revisional surgery at 20-year follow-up was 90%. The rate of revisional surgery after LHH repair is low and is generally required within 12 months from primary surgery. Our results highlight the long-lasting effects of LHH repair at 20-year follow-up.
What Would I Do if I Was an Emergency Physician? A Tool To Generate Discussion
Authors: Eley Rob , Eley Diann , Greentree Charley 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although safety is imperative in health care, medical practice carries a degree of uncertainty which in turn introduces risk, and perception of risk influences behaviour. Doctors worldwide are guided by professional practice frameworks, yet the perception of risk is subjective, meaning that individuals make their own judgements on its severity and consequences in ambiguous situations. The intent of this study was to develop a self-directed learning tool for medical students and doctors in training to prompt reflection on “what would I do” scenarios in ambiguous clinical emergency situations. We present the development and testing of scenarios based on the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine’s education and professionalism domains for use as a reflection tool in small group learning activities.
Implementing Shared Decision-Making as Part of a Recovery-Oriented Practice at a Home for Care or Residence for People with Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Kronkvist Maria Bendtsen , Dahlqvist-Jönsson Patrik , Sandlund Mikael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Although shared decision-making (SDM) has been widely recommended in clinical guidelines, it is not implemented in practice. In early 2024, managers of a centre (home for care or residence, HVB) in Sweden decided to implement SDM. Researchers arranged an intensive course that included training in SDM, which was offered to all users, staff members and managers at the centre.

Aim
To explore the experiences of users, staff members and managers when SDM was introduced at a centre for women suffering from mental illness.

Method and Results
After introducing SDM, persons who had experience as users of mental health services conducted individual interviews with users, staff members and managers. The data were transcribed automatically during the video interviews. The data were analysed using thematic analysis, and the results represent three different aspects. Users: Previous experience is important, Attitudes to participation and What is needed for continuation. Staff: Ability to increase participation and SDM as an integrated way of working. Managers: Changes in the care atmosphere and Management during the introduction.

Relevance
Research concerning people staying at HVBs is scarce, as is research on SDM concerning adults with severe mental illness. It is important to highlight the needs of this group, as participation today and in the future is an important and often overlooked aspect for these users.
A novel spherical fuzzy-based decision model for assessing data management maturity in governmental institutions
Authors: AlFadhli Muna Salem , Ayvaz Berk , Kucukvar Murat , Alkhereibi Aya Hasan , Onat Nuri , Al-Maadeed Somaya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The capability of government institutions to manage data effectively is fundamental to their operational efficiency and innovation potential. Governments face unique challenges, including rapid data generation, evolving regulations, and demands for quality services and transparency. This necessitates a tailored approach to data governance, given the complexities of balancing public interests with data privacy. This study aims to establish a robust framework for evaluating the data management maturity of Government Entities by developing an evaluative metric that reflects their data management maturity. The research approach involved gathering and synthesizing dispersed principles from existing literature into a set of definitive criteria. The criteria were subjectively weighted by an expert panel (SME) to reflect the significance of each criterion in a government setting. For methodology, the study pioneers the hybridization of spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) built on the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) and the evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) model. The criteria weighting was methodically calculated using the CRITIC method, and the subsequent evaluation of the alternatives was ascertained through EDAS. This combination of methodologies effectively reduced subjective bias, yielding a more reliable foundation for the rankings. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to confirm the robustness of the presented methodology when subjected to variations. To verify the validity of the developed method, we compared the SF- CRITIC and SF-EDAS approach with the SF-AHP and SF-EDAS, SF-CRITIC and SF-TOPSIS, the SF-CRITIC and SF-WPM, and the SF-CRITIC and SF-MARCOS. The results showcased a spectrum of maturity levels across the evaluated entities, pinpointing both commendable proficiencies and key areas for growth. This research presents a strategic asset for government bodies, aiding in the targeted enhancement of their data management systems. The broader implications of our findings serve as a strategic compass for governmental organizations, steering them toward achieving a higher echelon of data management sophistication.
Sustaining Productivity while Reducing Methane Emission in Calcareous Soils: Implications of Combining Inorganic Fertilizer and Biochar
Authors: Keteku Agbesi Kwadzo , Amegbor Isaac Kodzo , Yeboah Stephen , Amankwaa-Yeboah Patricia , Dormatey Richard , Agyeman Kennedy , Brempong Mavis Badu , Baafi Ernest , Asante Maxwell Darko , Oppong Allen , Poku Samuel Aduse , Danquah Eric Owusu , Frimpong Felix , Ghanney Philip , Addy Sylvester , Obeng Elvis Agyei , Bosompem Franklin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A considerable proportion of applied nutrients are adsorbed by the calcite surface of calcareous soils, making them unavailable to plants. A combination of organic amendments and fertilizers can improve nutrient retention and mineralization, and also reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A two-years field experiment was undertaken to investigate the impacts of inorganic fertilizer, biochar and silicon on nutrient uptake, growth, yield and post-harvest soil chemistry in calcareous soil using rice (Oryza sativa L.) as a test crop. The implication of each treatment on methane emissions was also investigated. The combination of NPK, biochar and silicon significantly improved rice growth, yield, P and Si uptake; and post-harvest soil nutrition. Biochar increased soil organic carbon content between 4.2 and 108.5% across the years. An increase from 2.4 to 6.1% was observed in the inorganic fertilizer treatments, 11.4–12.0% for the biochar treatments and 2.5–19.0% for ½NPK + biochar from 2020 to 2021. Maximum grain yield was achieved with the treatment ½NPK + biochar + 100 kg Si ha− 1 which was comparable to NPK + 100 kg Si ha− 1. Also, the combination of ½NPK + biochar + 50 kg Si reduced CH4 emissions and produced a comparable yield to NPK + 50 kg Si in both years. While further research is required to explore the effects of the length of time biochar is applied on reducing CH4 emissions, this study suggests a basis for predicting the impact of biochar on the management of CH4 emissions in calcareous soils.
Optimizing Polynomial and Regularization Techniques for Enhanced Housing Price Prediction Accuracy
Authors: Preethi  , Murthy D. H. R. , Hiremani Vani , Devadas Raghavendra M. , Sapna R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the effectiveness of various regression models for predicting housing prices using the California Housing dataset. The models evaluated include Linear Regression, Ridge Regression, Best Polynomial Ridge Regression, Lasso Regression, Elastic Net Regression, and Support Vector Regression (SVR) with an RBF kernel. The analysis reveals that SVR with an RBF kernel exhibits the poorest performance, characterized by the highest Mean Squared Error (MSE) and the lowest R² score, indicating limited effectiveness for this dataset. Conversely, Linear Regression, Ridge Regression, and Best Polynomial Ridge Regression demonstrate significantly lower MSE values and nearly identical R² scores, each explaining approximately 60% of the variance in housing prices. Among these, Best Polynomial Ridge Regression marginally outperforms Linear and Ridge Regression, suggesting that including polynomial features enhances model performance. Although Lasso Regression shows slightly higher MSE than the leading models, it still performs better than Elastic Net and SVR. Overall, the study identifies linear regression, ridge regression, and best polynomial ridge regression as the most effective models for this dataset, with SVR and an RBF kernel being the least effective.
Findings from the Tushirikiane-4-MH (supporting each other for mental health) mobile health–supported virtual reality randomized controlled trial among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Logie Carmen H. , Okumu Moses , Admassu Zerihun , MacKenzie Frannie , Gittings Lesley , Kortenaar Jean-Luc , Khan Naimul , Hakiza Robert , Musoke Daniel Kibuuka , Nakitende Aidah , Katisi Brenda , Kyambadde Peter , Lester Richard , Mbuagbaw Lawrence 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) for mental health promotion remains understudied in low-income humanitarian settings. We examined the effectiveness of VR in reducing depression with urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda. This randomized controlled trial assessed VR alone (Arm 1), VR followed by Group Problem Management Plus (GPM+) (Arm 2) and a control group (Arm 3), with a peer-driven and convenience sample of refugee youth aged 16–25 in Kampala. The primary outcome, depression, was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Secondary outcomes included: mental health literacy, mental health stigma, self-compassion, mental well-being and adaptive coping. Analyses were conducted at three time points (baseline, 8 weeks, 16 weeks) using generalized estimating equations. Among participants (n = 335, mean age: 20.77, standard deviation: 3.01; cisgender women: n = 158, cisgender men: n = 173, transgender women: n = 4), we found no depression reductions for Arms 1 or 2 at 16 weeks compared with Arm 3. At 16 weeks, mental health literacy was significantly higher for Arm 2 compared with Arm 3, and self-compassion was significantly higher in Arm 1 and Arm 2 compared with Arm 3. VR alongside GPM+ may benefit self-compassion and MHL among urban refugee youth in Kampala, but these interventions were not effective in reducing depression.
Exploring nutritional risks of the specific carbohydrate diet: food and nutrient intake in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Hagström Naima , Koochek Afsaneh , Warensjö Lemming Eva , Öman Anders , Arnell Henrik , Berntson Lillemor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Diet is considered a key research priority for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), garnering considerable interest from affected families. Despite this, research studies focusing on dietary interventions remain scarce. The specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) has shown potential, however, its nutritional consequences and risks are not well understood. This study aims to describe and evaluate food and nutrient intakes in children with JIA adhering to the SCD and contextualize the results relative to recommendations and intakes in the general population. In a secondary analysis, food and nutrient intakes from three-day dietary records of ten children, following a four-week SCD intervention, were evaluated against the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 and Riksmaten Adolescents data (RMA) (n = 1282). All children following the SCD met the recommended minimum intake of fruit and vegetables of 500g/day, a stark contrast to the 6% in RMA. Median dietary fibre intake for the SCD was 26g/d, (IQR 21-33), compared to 16g/d (IQR 12-22) in RMA. Elevated saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake was observed in both groups, with the SCD group also consuming high amounts of red meat. Calcium was the sole nutrient for which the standard diet surpassed the SCD, as 9 out of 10 participants had inadequate intake. While children on the SCD showed a lower likelihood of nutrient inadequacy compared to the general population, inadequate calcium intake and elevated SFA and red meat consumption are concerning given known comorbidities in JIA. These results highlight the importance of disease-specific dietary guidance to ensure optimal support for patients and parents.
An Enigmatic Manteño Burial from Buen Suceso, Ecuador, AD 771–953
Authors: Juengst Sara L. , Rowe Sarah M. , Duke Guy S. , Stumpf Mara , Bowers Mozelle , Cruz Y. Zindy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Burial 10 is a unique Manteño (AD 650–1532) burial from Buen Suceso, Ecuador, dating between AD 771 and 953. This burial included the remains of a young female, pregnant at the time of death and buried with an elaborate array of goods, including anachronistic spondylus ornaments, green stones, and shell eye coverings. Perimortem trauma, including a cranial fracture and cutmarks on hand bones, perimortem removal of the hands and left leg, and other body manipulation suggest she was sacrificed, a rare event for coastal Ecuadorian peoples.
Flexible Nationalisms: Applying Anthony D. Smith’s Theory to the Irish Case
Authors: Watson Iarfhlaith , Posocco Lorenzo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Anthony D. Smith, in one of his earlier, less debated, works – Nationalism in the 20th Century (1979) – examines phases of nationalism in the modern era, suggesting that nationalism has taken various forms before and during the 20th century. He argues that nationalism’s adaptability is at the core of its persistence, adapting to changing situations such as fascism and communism. As a result of this adaptability, nationalism still flourishes today. This article applies Smith’s theory to explore the interplay between cultural and material factors in the evolution of nationalism in Ireland. It identifies five ideological phases – revolutionary nationalist, protectionist, liberalising, neoliberal, and ecological – to which nationalism has adapted, and within which nationalism has influenced various aspects of Irish society. These phases are situated within a broader ideological and material context, analysing obliquely the Irish language (a core element of Irish nationalism), and related to changing processes of individualization.
The Sick Vines of Europe: Raisins, Phylloxera, and the Politics of Place in the Late Ottoman Aegean
Authors: Dolbee Samuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article explores the path of the microscopic phylloxera insect as it made its way from the United States to the Eastern Mediterranean in the late nineteenth century. As the pest devastated vineyards in Western Europe it also catalyzed grape production in the western Ottoman Empire around Izmir, before this region, too, succumbed. One response to the outbreak was the first legal code controlling plant traffic across nations, and another was an effort to plant American rootstocks, which were relatively resistant. The Ottoman response to phylloxera offers another example of the ways in which the alleged “sick man of Europe” was actually much more dynamic than its detractors insisted. The invocation of phylloxera moreover became a way for post-Ottoman states like Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, and Serbia to protect their national grape economies. The article’s broader analysis explains how the shared environment of the Aegean and the Eastern Mediterranean incubated both the spread of phylloxera and—in the protectionist legal regimes formed in response—the architecture of the region’s peculiarly integrated disconnection. The article closes by considering the agriculture of displacement amidst the Greek-Turkish Population Exchange, and how it further entrenched these dynamics as migrants took vines with them and planted them in the remarkably similar environments of their new national homes.
New Solutions, Old Problems: Agreement and Novelty in Dynamic Conventions
Authors: Malcomson Nathan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSocial conventionalism — the position that social conventions governing language use determine or constitute the meanings of our words — has faced two major problems. The first is the Agreement Problem: how could speakers agree to use words in certain ways without already speaking meaningfully? The second is the Novelty Problem: how can conventions fix the meanings of innovative uses of words? David Lewis famously responded to the Agreement Problem but his account flounders on the Novelty Problem. Josh Armstrong emends Lewis’ account to solve the Novelty Problem. I argue that Armstrong's emendation fails and that neither he nor Lewis has an adequate response to the Agreement Problem.
Some Lessons from the Post-Soviet Era and the Russo-Ukrainian War for the Study of Nationalism
Authors: Shevel Oxana 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis essay argues that Russia's war on Ukraine and the post-Soviet experience, more generally, reveal ethical, empirical, and theoretical problems in the study of nationalism in the region; namely, the tendency to designate anti-colonial, non-Russian nationalism as a “bad” ethnic type and the related tendency to see opposition to it as a “good” civic, nationalist agenda while in reality, the latter agenda can be imperial. Conflation of imperialism with civic nationalism and underappreciation of the democratic potential of non-Russian nationalism are problematic. The essay argues that these problems stem from theorizing about ethnic and civic nationalism that is rooted in abstract principles and does not take into account the empirical realities in which specific policies originate. I suggest that a more ethically and theoretically accurate characterization of types of nationalism as good or bad can be achieved by applying a methodology that takes into account not only formal markers of “ethnic” and “civic” policies but also the realities proponents and opponents of a given policy seek to establish and undo, the methods by which these realities come into being, and the constraints on employing illiberal methods that political actors face.
Coping is a moderator of relationships between cognitive fatigue and cognitive variability in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Arnett Peter A. , Riegler Kaitlin E. , Thomas Garrett , Bradson Megan L. , Sakamoto McKenna , O’Shea Dede U. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
Mean levels of cognitive functioning typically do not show an association with self-reported cognitive fatigue in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), but some studies indicate that cognitive variability has an association with cognitive fatigue. Additionally, coping has been shown to be a powerful moderator of some outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, however, coping has not been considered as a possible moderator of the relationship between cognitive fatigue and cognitive variability in MS. The current study examined this relationship.

Method:
We examined 52 PwMS. All participants were administered the Fatigue Impact Scale, the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Questionnaire, and cognitive tests. Indices of variability for memory and attention/executive functioning tests were used as outcome variables. Avoidant coping, active coping, and composite coping indices were used as moderators.

Results:
The interaction analyses for the avoidant coping and composite coping indices were significant and accounted for 8 and 11% of the attention/executive functioning variability outcome, respectively. The interactions revealed that at low levels of cognitive fatigue, attention/executive functioning variability was comparable between the low and high avoidant and composite coping groups. However, at high levels of cognitive fatigue, PwMS using lower levels of avoidant coping (less maladaptive coping) showed less variable attention/executive functioning scores compared with those using higher levels of avoidant coping. We found a similar pattern for the composite coping groups.

Conclusion:
At high levels of cognitive fatigue, PwMS using adaptive coping showed less attention/executive functioning variability. These findings should be considered in the context of treatment implications.
US state-level containment policies not associated with food insecurity changes during the early COVID-19 pandemic: a multilevel analysis
Authors: Sundermeir Samantha M , Tigue Erin , Acciai Francesco , Moynihan Emma , Niles Meredith T , Neff Roni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
To investigate the relationship between US containment measures during the COVID-19 pandemic and household food insecurity.

Design:
To investigate these relationships, we developed a framework linking COVID-19-related containment policies with different domains of food security and then used multilevel random effects models to examine associations between state-level containment policies and household food security. Our framework depicts theorised linkages between stringency policies and five domains of food security (availability, physical access, economic access, acceptability in meeting preferences and agency, which includes both self-efficacy and infrastructure). We used US national data from a representative survey data from the National Food Access and COVID research Team that was fielded in July–August 2020 and April 2021. Containment policy measures came from the Oxford Stringency Index and included policies such as stay-at-home orders, closing of public transit and workplace closures.

Setting:
The USA.

Participants:
3071 adult individuals from the National Food Access and COVID research Team survey.

Results:
We found no significant associations between state-level containment policies and overall food insecurity at the state level or any of the individual domains of food insecurity.

Conclusions:
This research suggests that while food insecurity across all domains was a significant problem during the studied phases of the pandemic, it was not associated with these containment measures. Therefore, impacts may have been successfully mitigated, likely through a suite of policies aimed at maintaining food security, including the declaration of food workers as essential and the expansion of federal nutrition programmes.