bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting the PyCBC pipeline to find and infer the properties of gravitational waves from massive black hole binaries in LISA
Authors: Weaving Connor R , Nuttall Laura K , Harry Ian W , Wu Shichao , Nitz Alexander 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The laser interferometer space antenna (LISA), due for launch in the mid 2030s, is expected to observe gravitational waves (GWs) from merging massive black hole binaries (MBHBs). These signals can last from days to months, depending on the masses of the black holes, and are expected to be observed with high signal to noise ratios (SNRs) out to high redshifts. We have adapted the PyCBC software package to enable a template bank search and inference of GWs from MBHBs. The pipeline is tested on the LISA data challenge’s Challenge 2a (‘Sangria’), which contains MBHBs and thousands of galactic binaries (GBs) in simulated instrumental LISA noise. Our search identifies all six MBHB signals with more than

92
%

of the optimal SNR. The subsequent parameter inference step recovers the masses and spins within their

90
%

confidence interval. Sky position parameters have eight high likelihood modes which are recovered but often our posteriors favour the incorrect sky mode. We observe that the addition of GBs biases the parameter recovery of masses and spins away from the injected values, reinforcing the need for a global fit pipeline which will simultaneously fit the parameters of the GB signals before estimating the parameters of MBHBs.
Effects of outer surface lipoproteins on the nanomechanical properties of Lyme borrelia
Authors: Munoz Carlos , Ozdogan Mehmet , Tourand Yvonne , Casselli Timothy , Brissette Catherine A , Oncel Nuri 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi causes an infection with diverse clinical outcomes, which can include arthritis as well as cardiac and neurological manifestations. B. burgdorferi expresses different outer surface lipoproteins at different stages in its infectious cycle, many of which are adhesins. Utilizing atomic force microscopy (AFM), we obtained topography images and force–distance curves of wild-type B. burgdorferi and mutant strains encoding different complements of surface lipoproteins. AFM data show that a reduced number of genome-encoded lipoproteins correlates with decreased binding probability, weakens unbinding force, and negatively affects cell elasticity.
Effects of the quark flavour thresholds in the hadronic vacuum polarization contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment
Authors: Nesterenko A V 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The equivalent representations for the hadronic vacuum polarization contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment

a

μ

HVP

in the presence of the quark flavour thresholds are studied. Specifically, the explicit relations between the contributions given by the integration over a finite kinematic interval to

a

μ

HVP

expressed in terms of the hadronic vacuum polarization function, Adler function, and the R-ratio of electron–positron annihilation into hadrons are derived. It is shown that the quark flavour thresholds of the hadronic vacuum polarization function generate additional contributions to

a

μ

HVP

expressed in terms of the Adler function and the R-ratio and the explicit expressions for such contributions are obtained. The commonly employed dispersion relations, which bind together hadronic vacuum polarization function, Adler function, and R-ratio, are extended to account for the effects due to the quark flavour thresholds. The examined additional contributions due to the heavy quark thresholds to

a

μ

HVP

expressed in terms of the R-ratio appear to be quite sizable, that can be of a particular relevance for the data-driven method of assessment of the hadronic part of the muon anomalous magnetic moment.
Spin and charge persistent currents in a Kane Mele α-T
3 quantum ring
Authors: Islam Mijanur , Basu Saurabh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We conduct a thorough study of different persistent currents in a spin-orbit coupled α-T
3 (pseudospin-1) fermionic quantum ring (QR) that smoothly interpolates between graphene (α = 0, pseudospin-1/2) and a dice lattice (α = 1, pseudospin-1) in presence of an external perpendicular magnetic field. In particular, we have considered effects of intrinsic (ISOC) and Rashba spin-orbit couplings (RSOC) that are both inherent to two dimensional quantum structures and yield interesting consequences. The energy levels of the system comprise of the conduction bands, valence bands, and flat bands which show non-monotonic dependencies on the radius, R of the QR, in the sense that, for small R, the energy levels vary as

1

/

R

, while the variation is linear for large R. The dispersion spectra corresponding to zero magnetic field are benchmarked with those for finite fields to enumerate the role played by the spin–orbit coupling terms therein. Further, it is noted that the flat bands demonstrate dispersive behavior, and hence is able to contribute to the transport properties only for finite ISOC. Moreover, RSOC yields spin-split bands, thereby contributing to the spin-resolved currents. The charge and the spin-polarized persistent currents are hence computed in presence of these spin-orbit couplings. The persistent currents in both the charge and spin sectors oscillate as a function of the magnetic field with a period equal to the flux quantum, as they should be; although they now depend upon the spin–orbit coupling parameters. Interestingly, the ISOC distorts the current profiles, owing to the distribution of the flat band caused by it, whereas RSOC alone preserves the flat band and hence a perfect periodicity of the current characteristic is maintained. Further, we have explored the role played by the parameter α in our entire analysis to enable studies while interpolating from graphene to a dice lattice.
Effect of annealing temperature on the structure and optical properties of ZnO thin films
Authors: Vijay Nimitha K , Maya P N , Mukherjee S , Liedke M O , Butterling M , Attallah A G , Hirschmann E , Wagner A , Benoy M D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure, defects and optical properties of ZnO thin films are investigated using sol–gel based spin coating method for a range of annealing temperatures from 200 ∘C to 500 ∘C. The correlation among the microstructure, defects, impurity content and the optical band gap of films of thickness about 10–12 nm is elucidated. The particle size increases and the optical band gap reduces with the annealing temperature. At 200 ∘C, amorphous films were formed with particle size less than 10 nm with an optical band gap of about 3.41 eV. As the temperature increases the grain size increases and the defect, impurity content as well as the optical band gap reduces. This could be due to the reduction in the lattice strain. For an average grain size of about 35 nm and above, the band gap asymptotically approaches the theoretical value of ZnO (3.37 eV). The photoluminescence (PL) spectra show a systematic red-shift in the excitonic levels corresponding to the variation in the optical band-gap. The defect emission from Zn-vacancies is observed in the PL spectra and are further supported by the positron annihilation measurements.
Pressure-induced linear enhancement of the superconducting transition in Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 thin films
Authors: Wang N N , Wang G , Gao Q , Chen K Y , Hou J , Ren X L , Uwatoko Y , Wang B S , Zhu Z H , Sun J P , Cheng J-G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We report the pressure (P) effect on the superconducting transition temperature T
c and the upper critical field μ
0
H
c2 of infinite-layer Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 thin films by measuring the electrical transport properties under various hydrostatic pressures to 4.6 GPa. At ambient pressure, it shows the clear superconducting transition with T
c ∼ 10 K. Based on the evolution of resistance R(T), we found that the T
c is monotonically enhanced to ∼14 K upon increasing pressure to 2.9 GPa. The constructed temperature–pressure phase diagram indicates that the calculated slope dT
c/dP is about 1.14 K GPa−1 and the superconducting T
c shows no signatures of saturation with pressure. It thus gives the possibility to further enhance T
c by employing higher pressures or heterostructure engineering. In addition, the normalized slope of upper critical field μ
0
H
c2(0) implies that the electron correlations are gradually decreasing with pressure, which exhibits an opposite evolution with superconducting T
c. Our work further confirms the positive pressure effects in nickelate superconductors and gives more insight to further enhance its superconducting transition temperature.
Uncertainty assessment of machine tool squareness error identification using on-machine measurement
Authors: Tang Yue , Feng Xiaobing , Ge Guangyan , Du Zhengchun , Lv Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Identification and compensation of geometric errors in the machine tool are widely performed to increase machining accuracy. Periodic verification of the geometric errors, as introduced in ISO 230-2, helps monitor the machine tool accuracy during continued manufacturing operation and detect accuracy degradation early on. While interferometry-based error identification techniques are commonly applied, on-machine measurement (OMM), with its increasing availability to machine tools, can be used to identify geometric errors as an alternative to traditional interferometry-based techniques. As geometric errors also contribute to OMM error, assessment of the uncertainty of error identification is essential to ensure the reliability of the identification. This work presents a method to evaluate the uncertainty in the OMM-based geometric error identification process by Monte Carlo simulation. The error ellipse model, which represents OMM errors with better accuracy, is utilized to improve the identification uncertainty. The squareness errors, as position-independent geometric errors that contribute to machining inaccuracy, are taken as an example to demonstrate the presented method. The influence of the artifact setup errors on the error identification is also investigated. A series of experiments are conducted to evaluate the uncertainty of the OMM-based identification method. The geometric error obtained with the presented method is found to deviate by less than 10% from that obtained with an interferometry-based commercial instrument. The uncertainty obtained from the proposed Monte Carlo simulation method matches well with the uncertainty results obtained by the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement method and repeated measurements.
Experimental scalings of scrape-off layer particle flux width by outboard divertor Langmuir probes for deuterium and helium plasmas on EAST
Authors: Liu X. , Meng L.Y. , Xu J.C. , Ding R. , Yu Y.W. , Yang Q.Q. , Zhang Y. , Wang L. , Li J. ,   the EAST Team
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The scrape-off layer (SOL) power width (λq
) is an important parameter for predicting the heat load on divertor targets for future magnetically confined devices. Currently, the underlying physics for λq
scaling is not fully understood. This paper extends the previous SOL particle flux width (λjs, λq
≈ λjs
is assumed, js
is the measured ion current density used as a proxy for particle flux) scaling measured by the inboard divertor Langmuir probes (Div-LPs) in deuterium plasmas (Liu et al 2019 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 045001) to the λjs
scalings measured by the outboard Div-LPs in both deuterium and helium plasmas on EAST. A systematic method has been used to correct the upper-outer Div-LP measurements to reduce the measurement uncertainty of λjs
. About 520 discharges are selected for the construction of six databases (H-mode, L-mode, and Ohmic for deuterium and helium plasmas) to scale λjs
. Since the published λq
scalings do not fit EAST λjs
well in the databases, four separate λjs
scalings are proposed using statistical method to minimize the scaling parameters. It is found that λjs
has a robust scaling dependence on the plasma line-averaged density (

n
ˉ

e

) for both deuterium and helium plasmas and a strong positive scaling dependence on the divertor leg length (L
div,leg). The scaling exponent of the stored energy agrees well with the previous λq
/λjs
scalings for deuterium plasmas. The near unity scaling exponents of edge safety factor and L
div,leg reveal the importance of parallel connection length in determining λjs
. The positive scaling dependence of λjs
on

n
ˉ

e

and the 2 ∼ 4 times larger scaling amplitude compared with the published λq
scalings probably indicate the turbulence broadening of λjs
on EAST. The comparison of λjs
for deuterium and helium plasmas using the constructed databases shows no significant difference. Statistical comparison of the normalized λjs
with different ELM types suggests that the grassy-ELM λjs
is slightly larger than the inter large-ELM (type-I ELM) λjs
for both deuterium and helium plasmas.
Optimization of a YAP(Ce) prompt X-ray camera for imaging with spot scanning proton beams at clinical dose levels
Authors: Yamamoto Seiichi , Yamashita Tomohiro , Kobashi Yusuke , Yabe Takuya , Akagi Takashi , Yamaguchi Mitsutaka , Kawachi Naoki , Kamada Kei , Yoshikawa Akira , Kataoka Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Prompt secondary electron bremsstrahlung X-ray (prompt
X-ray) imaging using a low-energy X-ray camera is a promising method
for observing the beam shape from outside a subject. However, it has
sometimes been necessary to conduct such imaging at a higher dose
than the clinical level to acquire images with acceptable
quality. To solve this problem, we optimized a prompt X-ray imaging
system to use for spot scanning proton therapy system. The new
camera had more than one order higher sensitivity to image several
types of beams, including those at the clinical dose level. The
optimized prompt X-ray imaging system uses a 4 mm diameter pinhole
collimator to increase sensitivity, and it is combined with a larger
YAP(Ce) scintillator to increase the magnification ratio and thus
improve spatial resolution. We used a list-mode data-acquisition
system with high count rate capability. Prompt X-ray images were
acquired by irradiating a water phantom with proton beams from the
spot scanning proton therapy system. Measurements were taken for
pencil beams, spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) beams, and a beam
utilized in actual clinical therapy. For all of the beams, we could
measure scanning spot images within a spill and evaluate the ranges
for the accumulated images at the clinical dose level. From the
list-mode data, we measured the temporarily altered positions of the
scanning beams as well as the accumulations of the prompt X-ray
images. The optimized prompt X-ray imaging system could improve
sensitivity while maintaining better spatial resolution. The new
system realized prompt X-ray imaging at the clinical dose level and
holds promise for future clinical imaging of prompt X-rays.
Rapid attribution of the record-breaking heatwave event in North China in June 2023 and future risks
Authors: Qian Cheng , Ye Yangbo , Jiang Jiacheng , Zhong Yangyang , Zhang Yuting , Pinto Izidine , Huang Cunrui , Li Sihan , Wei Ke 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A record-breaking heatwave event occurred in North China from 22 to 24 June 2023, with temperatures >40 °C at many meteorological stations. This marked the first time that Beijing had reached or exceeded 40 °C for three consecutive days. However, the extent to which such exceptional heatwave events are related to anthropogenic climate change remains unclear. It is also unclear how frequent and intense such strong heatwave events will be in the future. We carried out a rapid attribution analysis to address these questions. Our findings show that the return period of this three-day heatwave event in North China is about 111 years (24.3, +∞) at the 2023 climate state. Both the empirical and coupled model approaches consistently showed that the intensity of 2023-like three-day heatwave events has significantly increased by at least 1.0 °C (range 0.8 °C–1.3 °C) due to anthropogenic climate change. Future projections indicate that 2023-like events in North China are likely to occur at least 1.6 (range 1.3–2.1) times throughout the remainder of this century and be 0.5 °C (range 0.2 °C–0.8 °C) more intense than those under the 2023 climate even if carbon neutrality is achieved based on the very low CO2 emissions scenario simulations. For the intermediate emissions scenario, the occurrence probability of 2023-like events in the North China region by the end of this century will be 5.5 (range 4.9–6.3) times those under the 2023 climate, with an intensity 2.9 °C (range 2.4 °C–3.1 °C) higher than those under the 2023 climate. These findings highlight the need for adaptation measures to address the occurrence of 2023-like three-day heatwaves in North China in June even if carbon neutrality is achieved.
Prediction of suicide attempts among persons with depression: a population-based case cohort study
Authors: Jiang Tammy , Nagy Dávid , Rosellini Anthony J , Horváth-Puhó Erzsébet , Keyes Katherine M , Lash Timothy L , Galea Sandro , Sørensen Henrik T , Gradus Jaimie L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Studies have highlighted the potential importance of modeling interactions for suicide attempt prediction. This case-cohort study identified risk factors for suicide attempts among persons with depression in Denmark using statistical approaches that do (random forests) or do not (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression [LASSO]) model interactions. Cases made a nonfatal suicide attempt (n = 6032) between 1995 and 2015. The comparison subcohort was a 5% random sample of all persons in Denmark on January 1, 1995 (n = 11 963). We used random forests and LASSO for sex-stratified prediction of suicide attempts from demographic variables, psychiatric and somatic diagnoses, and treatments. Poisonings, psychiatric disorders, and medications were important predictors for both sexes. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) values were higher in LASSO models (in men, 0.85, 95% CI, 0.84-0.86; in women, 0.89, 95% C, 0.88-0.90) than random forests (in men, 0.76, 95% CI, 0.74-0.78; in women, 0.79, 95% CI = 0.78-0.81). Automatic detection of interactions via random forests did not result in better model performance than LASSO models that did not model interactions. Due to the complex nature of psychiatric comorbidity and suicide, modeling interactions may not always be the optimal statistical approach to enhancing suicide attempt prediction in high-risk samples.
This article is part of a Special Collection on Mental Health.
Understanding the roles of state demographics and state policies in epidemiologic studies of maternal-child health disparities
Authors: Chin Helen B , Howards Penelope P , Kramer Michael R , Johnson Candice Y 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Disparities in maternal-child health outcomes by race and ethnicity highlight structural differences in the opportunity for optimal health in the United States. Examples of these differences include access to state-level social policies that promote maternal-child health. States vary in their racial and ethnic composition as a result of the complex history of policies and laws related to slavery, Indigenous genocide and relocation, segregation, immigration, and settlement in the United States. States also vary in the social policies they enact. As a result, correlations exist between the demographic makeup of a state’s population and the presence or absence of social policies in that state. These correlations become a mechanism by which racial and ethnic disparities in maternal-child health outcomes can operate. In this commentary, we use the example of 3 labor-related policies actively under consideration at state and federal levels (paid parental leave, paid sick leave, and reasonable accommodations during pregnancy) to demonstrate how correlations between state demographics and presence of these state policies could cause or exacerbate racial and ethnic disparities in maternal-child health outcomes. We conclude with a call for researchers to consider how the geographic distribution of racialized populations and state policies could contribute to maternal-child health disparities.
The effect of potassium supplementation and concomitant medications on potassium homeostasis for hospitalized patients
Authors: Montepara Courtney A , Bortmas Mackenzie R , Cochenour Christina J , Fleming Maura K , Gaffey Samantha H , McQuigg Megan A , Parisi Marissa K , Zimmerman David E , Covvey Jordan R , Nemecek Branden D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Hospitalized patients receive potassium (K+) supplementation for hypokalemia, with clinicians often estimating a rise in serum K+ levels of 0.1 mEq/L per 10 mEq delivered. However, there is limited evidence to support this expectation. Patients also concomitantly take medications that may alter K+ levels, and it is not known to what degree these may impact interventions to correct K+ levels via supplementation. The objective of this study was to identify the impact of oral and/or intravenous K+ supplementation on serum K+ levels, including the influence of selected concomitant medications, in adult hospitalized patients.

Methods
A single-center, retrospective descriptive study of adult hospitalized patients receiving K+ supplementation at a tertiary hospital between 2021 and 2022 was conducted. Patients were included if they received at least one dose of potassium chloride while admitted to the general medicine ward. The primary outcome was the daily median change in serum K+, normalized per 10 mEq of supplementation administered. The secondary outcome was the impact of selected concomitant medication use on supplement-induced changes in serum K+.

Results
A total of 800 patients and 1,291 daily episodes of K+ supplementation were evaluated. The sample was approximately 53% women, was 78% white, and had a median age of 68 years. The overall daily median change in serum K+ level was 0.05 mEq/L per 10 mEq of supplementation delivered. Patients received a median of 40 mEq of supplementation per day, primarily via the oral route (80.6%). Among the concomitant medications assessed, loop diuretics significantly dampened the impact of K+ supplementation.

Conclusion
Supplementation of K+ in non–critically ill hospitalized patients is variable and dependent on concomitant medication use.
Genomic data inform taxonomy and conservation of Critically Endangered shrubs: a case study of Zieria (Rutaceae) species from eastern Australia
Authors: Orel Harvey K , McLay Todd G B , Guja Lydia K , Duretto Marco F , Bayly Michael J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Zieria buxijugum, Z. formosa, and Z. parrisiae are three closely related, Critically Endangered species of questionable taxonomic validity that occur within six kilometres of each other on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia. We investigated genetic relationships and diversity of these species, along with two related but taxonomically distinct congeners, Z. granulata and Z. tuberculata, and a possible undescribed taxon, Z. aff. tuberculata. Double-digest restriction-site associated sequencing (ddRADseq) was used to generate anonymous genomic loci that were used for phylogenetic, network, and genetic structure analyses, and for estimating genetic diversity of the threatened species. Our results support the current taxonomic status of Z. buxijugum, Z. formosa, and Z. parrisiae, and suggest that Z. aff. tuberculata warrants recognition as a distinct species. We detected no evidence of inbreeding in the three Critically Endangered species, and found their genetic diversity to be similar to that of the more widespread species Z. granulata and Z. tuberculata. Comparison of plant material held in ex situ collections at the Australian National Botanic Gardens with wild plants highlighted several genotypes of the Critically Endangered species that are not represented in the ex situ collection, and we provide suggestions for the future inclusion of those unrepresented genotypes.