bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Aqueous Extract of Dill leaves (AEDL) on some Traits of Ram Epididymal Sperms under Cooling Conditions
Authors: Al-Dulimi Ayman Ali H. , Al-Sadoon Ali Abdullah Zuairi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current study was conducted in the Graduate Studies Laboratory of the College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, for the period from December 3, 2022 to March 9, 2023, to determine the effect of an aqueous extract of dill leaves ( AEDL)on some properties of epididymal sperms of rams under cooling conditions of 5 °C for different periods. The aqueous extract of dill leaves was prepared and kept in the refrigerator until the time of use. The epididymal sperms were obtained from the testis of Rams that slaughters in the local slaughterhouse of Al-Muthanna Governorate, the testicles were transferred to the laboratory less than an hour after the slaughter of the animal, the caudal epididymis was diluted with a Tris diluent containing 3% concentration of aqueous extract of dill leaves. The results of using the aqueous extract of dill leaves showed a significant increase (P<0.01) in the percentage of live sperm, Individual motility, and a decrease in the percentage of abnormal sperms. While the use of the extract did affect the percentage of the integrity of acrosome represented by the hypo osmotic swelling test (HOST) at the 0 time of cooling preservation, The Increasing of the time of sperm cooling.leads to a decreases in the percentage of live sperm, HOST, individual motility, with an increase in the percentage of abnormal sperms. The use of the aqueous extract of dill leaves at different times resulted in a significant effect(P< 0.01) on the percentage of live sperm, individual motility, while it did not significantly affect the percentage of abnormal sperm, and there were no significant differences in the percentage of HOST. according to the results of this study We can conclude to adding the aqueous extract of dill leaves to Improve the physical traits of rams epididymal sperm include the live sperm and individual motility under cooling conditions for different periods.
Genetic Variants of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) Gene and Their Relationship with Productive Traits in Ross 308 Broilers
Authors: Mohsin Duha Gheni , Abdul Kareem Ali A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between different genetic variants of the insulin-like growth factor 1 IGF-1 gene and some productive traits in Ross 308 broilers. A total of 150 one-day-old chicks were reared under good management conditions based on the rearing guide and a free-range feeding system. The birds were numbered, and their weights were recorded weekly to calculate weekly weight gain. Other weekly body measurements were also taken. After the rearing period, blood samples were collected from the birds via the wing vein, followed by slaughter and weighing of the carcass to determine the dressing percentage. The main and secondary cuts were weighed, and chest dimensions were measured. DNA was extracted, and three genetic structures were identified using sequencing technology, including GG, GT, and TT, with genetic structure proportions of 0.34, 0.58, and 0.08, respectively. The allele frequencies of G and T were 0.63 and 0.37, respectively. The results showed a significant superiority (P≤0.05) in weight and weekly weight gain for the TT genetic variant in the third, fourth, and fifth weeks compared to the other genetic variants (GT and GG). The TT variant also exhibited superiority in chest circumference in the third and fifth weeks and chest width in the third week. On the other hand, the TT and GG genetic variants showed superiority in chest width in the second and fourth weeks. The TT variant also demonstrated superiority in carcass weight and chest length compared to the other genetic variants. Moreover, the study revealed a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the dressing percentage, relative weight of the chest, wings, and back for the GT and GG genetic variants compared to the TT genetic variant. The GT variant also showed superiority in the relative weight of the thighs. However, there were no significant differences among the genetic variants in the relative weight of the neck and chest depth.
A study of the Relationship of Polymorphisms of the PPARGC1A Gene with Milk Production and its Components, in Holstein Friesian Cows
Authors: Al-Muhja Raed Kawkab , Yousief Muntaha Yacoob , Al-Khauzai Allawi Luaibi Dagher 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research was done at a Molecular Genetics lab at the College of Agriculture at the University of Basrah. The objective of this study is to determine how Holstein Friesian cows’ PPARGC1A genetic polymorphism affects milk production and its constituent parts. For milk production and quality standards, 59 Holstein Friesian cows from Taj Al-Nahrain station in Al-Diwaniyah are employed. Blood was drawn for genomic DNA, and the PPARGC1A gene was amplified using PCR. The samples were then transferred to the Korean firm Macrogene for DNA sequencing analysis. Morning milk 50ml samples were collected once each week., and after taking the samples during the milking process, they were evaluated for quality using the Julie Z7 milk analyzer. Association analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software. According to the current study’s findings, the stage of milk production had a significant impact on both daily and total production (p ≤0.05). The results also shows that there is a significant differences (p≤0.05) of stage of milk production on the chemical composition of milk, while there are no significant differences between Genetic Polymorphisms in daily and total milk production. The results show that hap1 is superior on hap2 in the chemical contents of milk, except for the percentage of milk fat, which has not reach a significant level.
Effect of Aquatic Plants as a Biofilter on Water Criteria and Common Carp Growth Performance in Aquaculture Intensive System
Authors: Faisal Wajnaa Saad , Hassan Sadam Mohamad , Madlul Najlaa Salah , Sulaiman Muhammad Aliyu , Fadel Abdalbast H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The experiment was conducted in the field of the College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit, for the period from 14/6/2022 to 14/8/2022 inside a semi-exposed building (gable) with four treatments. Each treatment included three replicates, and each replicate included (6) fishes in a closed bio-aquatic system, by weight 14.15±1.22, 13.8±0.72,13.9±0.78, 13.7±0.93g for T1, T2, T3 and T4 in 12 ponds respectively. On a filtration tank representing the biological and mechanical filter in an intensive aquatic system with a capacity of 100 liters each, three aquatic plants were grown (lentils, Azolla, Ceratophylom), except for the control treatment, which was similar to all treatments except for the presence of aquatic plants. The water was treated in a mechanical filter unit through thick sponge layer, then directing the water to the biological treatment by means of crushed gravel, in addition to the aquatic plants to filter the dissolved organic pollutants. The results showed a significant effect of aquatic plants at (p ≤0.05) on dissolved oxygen DO (mg / liter), pH, total dissolved salts (TDS), nitrate NO3, nitrite NO2, and ammonia. The biological characteristics of aquatic plants are impacted by modifications to the physicochemical properties of the water. There was a significant improvement in weight gain (G.W), relative growth (RGR), specific growth of fish (SGR), and feed conversion efficiency (FCR) for treatments T2, T3, and T4 compared with control treatment. There was a significant difference when using aquatic plant in the percentage of protein compared to the control treatment. No significant differences were observed on blood biochemical parameters. While the result of the correlation or interactions between water characteristics with growth parameters for Common carp fish showed significant effects at a significant level (P ≤0.05) and (P ≤0.01).
Effect of Varying Levels of Glutamine Addition on the Composition of the Intestinal Flora and the Productivity of Broilers Grown at Various Densities
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed T. , Khatab Ahmed T. Taha Thamer A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dietary glutamine on chicken performance, intestinal microbiota, and certain antioxidant markers at various stocking densities. (504) Ross 308 broiler chickens were used in this study; they were jointly grown from day one through week one and then divided into six groups at random. They were raised in floor breeding cages, the transactions were in the following order:1-(G1): the control group (12 birds/ m2), (G2): the high-density group (16 birds/m2) was fed with standard diet and normal water, (G3) and (G4) 12 birds / m2 with the addition of 2.5 or 5 gm Glutamine / liter of drinking water respectively. (G5) and (G6) 16 birds / m2 with the addition of 2.5 or 5 gm Glutamine / liter of drinking water respectively. Adding glutamine to broiler chickens raised at a density of 12 birds/m2 at a concentration of 5 g/l had a positive effect on the productive traits, and the birds raised at a density of 16 birds/m2 showed similar performance for a group of birds raised at a density of 12 birds/m2 after they were treated with glutamine G5 & G6. The results showed a significant decline in the productive traits of these chickens. Lactic Acid Bacteria recorded a significant superiority in the treatments of adding glutamine, even though there were no significant differences in the total number of enter bacteria and E-coli bacteria. It should be noted that this improvement in productive performance was accompanied by an improvement intestinal flora in glutamine addition. We draw the conclusion from this study that administering glutamine to broiler chickens kept in high density could enhance their productivity, and that this was linked to an improvement in the composition of the intestinal flora.
Protein Profiles in Seminal Plasma of Iraqi Buffalo Bulls (Bubalus bubalis) Associated with Fresh and Cryopreserved Semen Quality
Authors: Musa K. S. , Abdulkareem T. A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study was undertaken to identify some protein profiles in the seminal plasma of Iraqi buffalo bulls and their correlation to the quality of fresh and cryopreserved semen. Semen was collected from eight buffalo bulls and divided according to the percentage of sperm individual motility into two groups. The first group (n=3) included good semen quality, while the second group (n=5) included poor semen quality. Seminal plasma was extracted from each semen sample by centrifugation and seminal proteins were resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Nine types of protein bands were observed in the seminal plasma of the buffalo bulls belonging to good semen quality, ranging from 10-68 kDa. The most abundant proteins in the overall presence of proteins in seminal plasma were 10 (100%), 14 (100%), 20 (100%), 26 (100%), 34 (100%), and 43 (37.5%) kDa. On the other hand, 14 types of protein bands resolved for the poor-quality semen, ranging from 10-155 kDa. The most abundant proteins in the overall presence of proteins in seminal plasma were 10 (100%), 14 (100%), 20 (100%), 26 (100%), 34 (87.5%), 130 (50%) and 155 (50%) kDa. A significant negative correlation was noticed among proteins with molecular weights of 28. 88 ± 3.26, 22.50 ± 2.85, and 12.00 ± 1.15 kDa, and the percentage of sperm individual motility and plasma membrane integrity. Moreover, there was a positive significant correlation between proteins whose molecular weight 22.50 ± 2.85 kDa and the percentages of total abnormalities and normal sperms. In conclusion, the identification of seminal proteins may be a useful tool in the future evaluation of spermatozoa and the prediction of fertility in Iraqi buffalo bulls.
Effect of Crossing Different Breeds of Sheep on Productive Performance and Different Body Measurements
Authors: Ali Ali Hussein Mohammed , Altaei Hafedh Mossa Ali 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted in one of the fields of Barakat Abi Al-Fadl Al-Abbas in Karbala Governorate Iraq for 365 days, from the first of June 2022 until the first of June of the year 2023. To determine effect of crossing different breeds of sheep on productive performance and different body measurements of lambs from weaning until the age of 6 months through some genetic and non-genetic factors (Sex of the lamb, Dam age at birth, Month of birth), 60 ewes of the Awassi and Karakul breed and their cross were used. And then, body measurements were recorded body length (BL), body height at the front (BHF), body height at the back (BHB), chest circumference (CC), and abdominal circumference (AC) for all strains, and the data were analysed statistically using Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The results showed the following: The genetic group had a significant (P<0.05) effect on body measurements, as the ewes of the Awassi and Karakul breeds on crossbred flock breed ewes’ group in AC, and the averages were 77.52, 76.95, and 73.77 cm at weaning. While the Awassi and Karakul ewes’ group on crossbred flock ewes’ group in BL and AC, with an average of 56.42 and 85.70 cm at the age of 6 months. Females were superior to males in three characteristics represented by CC and AC (P<0.05) and a highly significant effect (P<0.01) in BHB, as their averages were 67.36, 77.48, and 58.00 cm, respectively, compared to males whose averages were 65.50 and 75. 00 and 56.64 cm, respectively. December births (55.25 cm) also outperformed November births (53.28 cm) in BL.
Effect of Adding L-Arginine to Broiler Diets on Physiological Performance
Authors: Khaleel Ali I. , Saed Zaed J. M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research was conducted in the poultry sector of the Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, from October 26, 2022, to December 7, 2022 (42 days). The objective was to compare the effects of incorporating different levels of L-Arginine and vitamin C on the productive and physiological performance of broiler chickens. One hundred and fifty Ross 308 strain broiler chicks, aged one day and of unspecified sex, were utilized in the study. The chicks were individually weighed and randomly assigned to five experimental groups, each consisting of three replicates with ten birds per replicate. The treatments consisted of the following: First treatment Control group (no additives), Second treatment: Addition of arginine at a rate of 1 g/kg of feed, Third treatment: Addition of arginine at a rate of 1.5 g/kg of feed, Fourth treatment: Addition of arginine at a rate of 2 g/kg of feed and Fifth treatment: Addition of vitamin C at a rate of 300 mg/kg of feed The results of the study revealed that utilizing the specified levels of arginine and vitamin C in the diets did not lead to any significant impact on the physiological performance, chemical, and biochemical blood parameters of the broiler chickens. These parameters included Glutathione, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Creatinine, Uric Acid, AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase), ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase), Ceruloplasmin, Albumin, Protein, Glucose, H/L Ratio (Heterophil to Lymphocyte Ratio), Lymphocytes, and Monocytes. In conclusion, the utilization of the specified levels of arginine and vitamin C in the diets did not result in any significant effects on the studied parameters in the broiler chickens.
Temporal Variation of Land use in Al-Husainiya Project, Karbala Governorate - Iraq using some Spectral Index
Authors: Mahdi Nabeel Ammar , Ali Ayad Kadhim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Geospatial technologies were utilized to monitor changes in land cover for agricultural projects in central Iraq. The Husseinia project in Karbala province was selected to study the temporal changes. Three satellite images from Landsat 5, 8, and 9 were selected for the years 1989, 2013, and 2022, respectively, with the sensors TM and OLI. The satellite imagery was processed visually and digitally and was radiometrically and geometrically improved. The study area was delineated, and supervised classification was performed on it. Some indicators were identified to determine the changes in the three selected years. Two indices were used in this study, namely the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). The percentage of change in these indices was measured between different years to determine the variation between each year. The results indicated spatial and temporal changes in these indicators in the study area, reflecting changes in land cover. The satellite data were classified using ArcGIS Pro software and was somewhat consistent with the results of the indicators used in this study. Five categories of land cover were identified: agricultural lands (non-cultivated), barren lands, urban lands, vegetation cover, and water bodies. The results showed that the vegetation cover had the largest area, occupying 27,414.08 hectares or 64.23% of the total study area, while the water bodies had the smallest area, occupying only 1.28% of the area or 274.14 hectares. The remaining categories, namely agricultural lands (non-cultivated), barren lands, and urban lands, occupied areas of 8,277.87,1,441.09, and 4,999.09 hectares, respectively, representing percentages of 19.39%, 3.38%, and 11.71% of the total study area.
Interactive Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Water Quality on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitate L.) under Drip Irrigation
Authors: Sabah Sazan H. , Karim Tariq Hama , Tahir Hussain T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Deficit irrigation is emerging as a promising management practice to reduce water use with marginal loss in crop yield. Further, limited studies are available on the combined effect of water deficit and water quality on the water use efficiency of leafy vegetables like red cabbage in the semi-arid climate of Kirkuk. Therefore, this study was initiated to unveil the combined effect of varying deficit irrigation levels (0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.2 of full irrigation) and two types of water quality (fresh and saline water) on water use efficiency of red cabbage under drip irrigation with two types of emitters. The results indicated that there is a steady increase in fruit yield with an increase in the level of irrigation with saline water over the entire range of applied water. The highest water efficiency was achieved under the combined effect of fresh water and GR and Turbo emitter when the level of applied water at full irrigation was reduced by a factor of 0.5 (20.31 kg/m3)(21.96kg/m3) respectively Furthermore, crop response factor analysis revealed that the red cabbage can tolerate deficit irrigation and produce satisfactory under both fresh and saline water were GR emitter with fresh and saline water given best value (0.627) (0.703) compeer with Turbo emitter with fresh and saline water given (0.292)(0.566)respectively. Additionally, further research is proposed to study the water productivity of red cabbage with saline water and take into account the yield of the same piece of land when the experiment is repeated for several years.
Effect of Spraying Potassium and Selenium on the Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Bean Plant (Phaseolus vulgares L.) Affected by Water Stress
Authors: Hashim Bakr A. , Mohammed Hussein A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the University of Diyala - College of Agriculture - site of graduate students’ research projects during the spring season 2022, for the purpose of studying the effect of spraying the elements selenium and potassium on climbing bean plants in addressing the harmful effect of water stress and its effect on vegetative characteristics (plant height, leaf area, Chlorophyll content, number of leaves and dry weight of the plant) of the bean plant. The experiment was designed according to the split split plot design (RCBD). It was a factorial experiment with three factors. The experimental parameters included the following: Three levels of water stress according to the field capacity (20%)., 40%, 60%) denoted by the symbol (W1, W2, W3) and three levels of spraying with potassium (0, 500, 1000) mg.L-1 denoted by the symbol (K0, K1, K2) and three levels of spraying with selenium (0, 5, 10) are symbolized by (Se0, Se1, Se2), The climbing bean plant was cultivated, and the results showed that water stress at (60%) of the field capacity led to a decrease in the studied characteristics. The triple interaction between the three factors of the study treated the damage of water stress through the presence of an increase in the percentage of all studied vegetative characteristics when spraying with potassium and selenium.
A study of the Effect of Electric Power Plants on the Soil Content of some Heavy Elements (Ni, Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, Mn, Fe)
Authors: Saloumi Yasser Jassim Hamza , Alabadi Luma Abdalalah Sagban 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe study was conducted to find out the effect of electric power generation stations on the soil content of heavy elements, where four stations were selected to generate electric power, which included (Al-Diwaniyah power station, Abu Gharq power station, Al-Haidariya power station and Al-Khairat power station) in the city of (Diwaniyah, Babil, Najaf and Karbala). Then four location were chosen within varying distances from the site of each station, which included (20, 50, 100, 200) m. The results showed a clear variation in the concentration of heavy metals in the soils of the sites within the distances between the stations. The results also showed an increase in the soil content of heavy elements in the sites close to each station, which decreased as we moved away from the station site. The results also showed that the soil content of iron and manganese elements fell within the natural limits of the permissible global determinants in all soil samples and their various distances, while the variation in the soil content of copper was within the natural limits except for the soil sites within the distances of 20 and 50 m that were higher than the permissible limit. with it, The lead content of the soil was higher than the permissible limits, except for the soil located within 200 m from the Al-Khairat power station in Karbala. As for the soil content of lead and nickel, all of them were within the permissible limits, except for the soil sites located within the distances of 100 m and 200 m for the two power stations of Al-Khairat and Abu Gharak in Karbala and Babylon, respectively. These increases are attributed to its proximity to pollution sources, which contain fuel combustion products and fly ash high concentrations of some of these heavy elements, in addition to the rocks that make up those soils, on which the soil content of heavy elements depends.