bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and properties of microporous MgO–Al2O3 refractory aggregates from Mg(OH)2 and Al(OH)3
Authors: Yan Junjie , Yan Wen , Wang Xiao , Li Nan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, microporous MgO–Al2O3 refractory aggregates were prepared with Mg(OH)2 and Al(OH)3 via the in situ decomposition synthesis method. The effect of Al(OH)3 addition on the microstructure and properties of microporous MgO–Al2O3 refractory aggregates was investigated with scanning electron microscope and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results indicated that the improved green density of the samples and the reaction sintering accelerated the mass transport rate with adding Al(OH)3 from 0 to 4.0 wt%. Besides, a small amount of Al3+ diffused into porous MgO particles, accelerating the merging and growth of nanopores in the porous MgO particles. The intra‐particle pore size and the densification degree of microparticles were increased, and thus the strength of the samples was improved. Due to the formation of Kirkendall voids by interdiffusion of Mg2+ and Al3+, the inter‐particle pore size increased. Adding Al(OH)3 from 4.0 to 17.6 wt%, the Kirkendall voids weakened the mass transport rate and improved the inter‐particle pore size. The merging and growth of nanopores in the MgO particles were limited, resulting in the reduced intra‐particle pore size and increased intra‐particle pore number. The densification degree of microparticles was reduced, and thus the strength of the samples decreased. At the Al(OH)3 addition of 4.0 wt%, microporous MgO–Al2O3 refractory aggregates had the best comprehensive properties, a bulk density of 2.48 g/cm3, an apparent porosity of 29.4%, a median pore size of 1.6 μm with 42.2 vol% nanopores and the thermal conductivity of 4.0 W/(m K).
Effet de la migration internationale de main‐d'œuvre sur l'agriculture au Népal: mise en friche, diversification des moyens de subsistance et adoption de technologies agricoles
Authors: KARKI NEPAL Apsara , NEPAL Mani , BLUFFSTONE Randall 
Published: December 2023

RésuméLes auteurs étudient l'effet de la migration internationale temporaire de main‐d'œuvre sur l'abandon de terres cultivées, l'adoption de techniques d'intensification agricole et la diversification des moyens de subsistance au Népal. Ils appliquent des méthodes empiriques d'inférence causale en s'appuyant sur des données représentatives au niveau national. Ils établissent que les familles de migrants ont plus de 50 pour cent de chances en plus de laisser des terres en friche que celles de non‐migrants. La migration internationale temporaire favorise l'adoption de pratiques d'intensification agricole et incite les ménages ruraux à diversifier leurs moyens de subsistance. Si la déprise agricole est susceptible d'aggraver l'insécurité alimentaire, l'intensification de l'agriculture peut en revanche la réduire, d'où un effet net incertain.
Obstáculos a la participación laboral de las mujeres árabes palestinas en Israel
Authors: MIAARI Sami H. , KHATTAB Nabil , SABBAH‐KARKABI Maha 
Published: December 2023

ResumenPese al reciente aumento del nivel de estudios de las mujeres árabes palestinas en Israel, sus tasas de actividad y ocupación siguen siendo inferiores a las de las mujeres judías. En este estudio, basado en datos de la Encuesta de Población Activa y la Encuesta Social de Israel (periodo 1995‐2016), se investiga si este patrón se explica por factores socioeconómicos y demográficos, la religiosidad, los activos de capital humano, la estructura familiar y políticas públicas conexas, y la jubilación anticipada. Se constata que estos factores afectan a la participación de las mujeres árabes palestinas en el mercado laboral, de lo que se extraen algunas recomendaciones de políticas.
Role of activation signatures in re‐entrant ventricular tachycardia circuits
Authors: Ciaccio Edward J. , Saluja Deepak S. , Peters Nicholas S. , Yarmohammadi Hirad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionDevelopment of a rapid means to verify the ventricular tachycardia (VT) isthmus location from heart surface electrogram recordings would be a helpful tool for the electrophysiologist.MethodMyocardial infarction was induced in 22 canines by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation under general anesthesia. After 3–5 days, VT was inducible via programmed electrical stimulation at the anterior left ventricular epicardial surface. Bipolar VT electrograms were acquired from 196 to 312 recording sites using a multielectrode array. Electrograms were marked for activation time, and activation maps were constructed. The activation signal, or signature, is defined as the cumulative number of recording sites that have activated per millisecond, and it was utilized to segment each circuit into inner and outer circuit pathways, and as an estimate of best ablation lesion location to prevent VT.ResultsVT circuit components were differentiable by activation signals as: inner pathway (mean: 0.30 sites activating/ms) and outer pathway (mean: 2.68 sites activating/ms). These variables were linearly related (p < .001). Activation signal characteristics were dependent in part upon the isthmus exit site. The inner circuit pathway determined by the activation signal overlapped and often extended beyond the activation map isthmus location for each circuit. The best lesion location estimated by the activation signal would likely block an electrical impulse traveling through the isthmus, to prevent VT in all circuits.ConclusionsThe activation signal algorithm, simple to implement for real‐time computer display, approximates the VT isthmus location and shape as determined from activation marking, and best ablation lesion location to prevent reinduction.
Pediatric and adult meningeal, parenchymal, and spinal tuberculosis: A neuroimaging review
Authors: Mertiri Livja , Freiling John T. , Desai Nilesh K. , Kralik Stephen F. , Huisman Thierry A. G. M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNeurotuberculosis is defined as a tuberculous infection of the meninges, brain parenchyma, vessels, cranial and spinal nerves, spinal cord, skull, and spine that can occur either in a localized or in a diffuse form.It is a heterogeneous disease characterized by many imaging appearances and it has been defined as “the great mimicker” due to similarities with many other conditions.The diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) is based on clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, laboratory and microbiological findings, and comprehensive evaluation of the response to anti‐TB drug treatment.However, the absence of specific symptoms, the wide spectrum of neurological manifestations, the myriad of imaging findings, possible inconclusive laboratory results, and the paradoxical reaction to treatment make the diagnosis often challenging and difficult, potentially delaying adequate treatment with possible devastating short‐term and long‐term neurologic sequelae.Familiarity with the imaging characteristics helps in accurate diagnosis and may prevent or limit significantly morbidity and mortality. The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive up‐to‐date overview of the conventional and advanced imaging features of CNS TB for radiologists, neuroradiologists, and pediatric radiologists. We discuss the most typical neurotuberculosis imaging findings and their differential diagnosis in children and adults with the goal to provide a global overview of this entity.
Sex differences in systemic inflammation and immune function in diet‐induced obesity rodent models: A systematic review
Authors: Braga Tibaes Jenneffer Rayane , Barreto Silva Maria Ines , Wollin Bethany , Vine Donna , Tsai Sue , Richard Caroline 
Published: December 2023

SummaryUnderstanding sex differences in immunological responses in the context of obesity is important to improve health outcomes. This systematic review aimed to investigate sex differences in systemic inflammation, immune cell phenotype, and function in diet‐induced obesity (DIO) animal models. A systematic search in Medline, Embase, and CINAHL from inception to April 2023 was conducted, using a combination of the following concepts: sex, obesity, cytokines, and immune cell phenotypes/function. Forty‐one publications reporting on systemic inflammation (61%), cell phenotype (44%), and/or function (7%) were included. Females had lower systemic inflammation compared with males in response to DIO intervention and a higher proportion of macrophage (M)2‐like cells compared with males that had a higher proportion of M1‐like in adipose tissue. Although there were no clear sex differences in immune function, high‐fat DIO intervention remains an important factor in the development of immune dysfunction in both males and females, including disturbances in cytokine production, proliferation, and migration of immune cells. Yet, the mechanistic links between diet and obesity on such immune dysfunction remain unclear. Future studies should investigate the role of diet and obesity in the functionality of immune cells and employ adequate methods for a high‐quality investigation of sex differences in this context.
Associations between anxiety, depression, and weight status during and after pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Griffiths Alex , Shannon Oliver M. , Brown Tamara , Davison Monica , Swann Catherine , Jones Andrew , Ells Louisa , Matu Jamie 
Published: December 2023

SummaryPrevious work has found adverse mental health symptomology in women living with obesity, compared with those of healthy weight, around the time of pregnancy. This meta‐analysis aimed to explore the association between anxiety, depression, and weight status in women living with obesity before, during, and after pregnancy. Bibliographic databases were systematically searched, and 14 studies were included, which aimed to assess the association between excess weight and anxiety or depression outcomes in women before, during, or after pregnancy. Data were analyzed via narrative synthesis and random effects multi‐level meta‐analyses. Scores on mental health indices were significantly greater (indicative of worse anxiety/depression) in women with obesity compared to women of a healthy weight, around the time of pregnancy (SMD = 0.21 [95% CI: 0.11–0.31; 95% prediction intervals: 0.13–0.56], I2 = 73%, p < 0.01). Depressive symptoms were greater during and after pregnancy (SMD = 0.23 [95% CI: 0.13–0.34; 95% prediction intervals: −0.12 to 0.59], I2 = 75.0%, p < 0.01), and trait anxiety symptoms were greater during pregnancy (SMD = 0.24 [95% CI: 0.01–0.47; 95% prediction intervals: −0.25 to 0.72], I2 = 83.7%, p = 0.039) in women living with obesity, compared to those of healthy weight. Narrative evidence suggests that socioeconomic status and ethnicity may modify the relationship between obesity and mental health symptomology. The findings indicate that maternal obesity is associated with greater anxiety and depression symptoms. These findings may inform the design of maternal weight management interventions.
A comparison of retrospectively reported and ecological momentary assessment‐reported perceived social support in predicting ecological momentary assessment‐reported non‐suicidal self‐injury
Authors: Christensen Kirsten , Victor Sarah E. , Littlefield Andrew K. , Mitchell Sean M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionNon‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) urges and behaviors are associated with lower perceived social support and related constructs (e.g., perceived rejection). However, no studies have examined the concordance of retrospective (baseline) and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) perceived social support assessments. Retrospective and EMA reports are often only weakly to moderately correlated; measurement approaches may, therefore, impact observed associations between variables. We tested whether average EMA‐reported perceived emotional social support uniquely predicts EMA‐reported NSSI urges and behaviors above baseline‐reported retrospective self‐report of perceived emotional social support alone.Methods93 young adults (ages 18–34) with past‐month NSSI urges or behaviors and lifetime NSSI behaviors completed a semi‐structured interview, self‐report surveys, and a 2‐week EMA protocol.ResultsBaseline‐ and EMA‐reported perceived emotional social support were positively correlated (Kendall's tau‐b = 0.51). Average EMA‐reported social support was uniquely associated with EMA‐reported NSSI urges but not NSSI behaviors.ConclusionsEMA‐reported perceived emotional social support captured information not represented by baseline reports alone, but improvement in model fit was modest. EMA‐reported social support may further improve the estimation of EMA‐reported NSSI urges if modeled as a proximal predictor of NSSI. Further work is needed to clarify temporal directions between social support and NSSI urges. Limitations are discussed.
Healing profiles in patients with a chronic diabetic foot ulcer: An exploratory study with machine learning
Authors: Pereira M. Graça , Vilaça Margarida , Braga Diogo , Madureira Ana , Da Silva Jéssica , Santos Diana , Carvalho Eugénia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are one of the most frequent and debilitating complications of diabetes. DFU wound healing is a highly complex process, resulting in significant medical, economic and social challenges. Therefore, early identification of patients with a high‐risk profile would be important to adequate treatment and more successful health outcomes. This study explores risk assessment profiles for DFU healing and healing prognosis, using machine learning predictive approaches and decision tree algorithms. Patients were evaluated at baseline (T0; N = 158) and 2 months later (T1; N = 108) on sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical and psychological variables. The performance evaluation of the models comprised F1‐score, accuracy, precision and recall. Only profiles with F1‐score >0.7 were selected for analysis. According to the two profiles generated for DFU healing, the most important predictive factors were illness representations on T1 IPQ‐B (IPQ‐B ≤ 9.5 and < 10.5) and the DFU duration (≤ 13 weeks). The two predictive models for DFU healing prognosis suggest that biochemical factors are the best predictors of a favorable healing prognosis, namely IL‐6, microRNA‐146a‐5p and PECAM‐1 at T0 and angiopoietin‐2 at T1. Illness perception at T0 (IPQ‐B ≤ 39.5) also emerged as a relevant predictor for healing prognosis. The results emphasize the importance of DFU duration, illness perception and biochemical markers as predictors of healing in chronic DFUs. Future research is needed to confirm and test the obtained predictive models.
Cracking the glass‐perchlet code: Integrative taxonomy uncovers high species‐level diversity within the glass‐perchlet genus Ambassis (Ambassidae) in tropical Asia
Authors: Ghazali Siti Zafirah , Lavoué Sébastien , Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari Norli Fauzani , Zainal Abidin Danial Hariz , Jamaluddin Jamsari Amirul Firdaus , Tan Min Pau , Mohd Nor Siti Azizah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlass‐perchlets of the genus Ambassis (Teleostei; Ambassidae) form an important component of the brackish and marine coastal fish communities of tropical Asia. However, their species‐level diversity is still poorly documented because of the absence of recent taxonomic revisions in this region and the limited availability of specimens for research. In addition, long‐standing taxonomic and nomenclatural issues complicate the studies of this genus. Herein, we examine the diversity of Ambassis in Peninsular Malaysia using an integrative taxonomic approach and a large set of recently collected specimens from this region. Our initial morphological observations of 260 specimens revealed the presence of eight species, identified as Ambassis dussumieri, Ambassis interrupta, Ambassis kopsii, Ambassis macracanthus, Ambassis nalua, Ambassis octava, Ambassis urotaenia and Ambassis vachellii. We then sequenced the barcode fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for 122 of our specimens, representing all eight morpho‐species. Automatic species delimitation methods recovered nine Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) because A. interrupta is made of two MOTUs. Morphological re‐examination within A. interrupta detected variation at one character, congruent with molecular delimitation. Overall, our integrative approach unveiled rich species‐level diversity within the genus Ambassis in Peninsular Malaysia, with the presence of nine species. Further comparisons between our COI dataset and the COI sequences archived in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) from specimens of Ambassis broadly collected in tropical Asian regions, indicated regional‐scale hidden diversity and identification conflicts, triggering the need for a complete taxonomic revision of this genus.
Microbiota-mediated effects of Parkinson’s disease medications on Parkinsonian non-motor symptoms in male transgenic mice
Authors: Radisavljevic Nina , Metcalfe-Roach Avril , Cirstea Mihai , Tabusi M. Mahebali , Bozorgmehr Tahereh , Bar-Yoseph Haggai , Finlay B. Brett 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor symptoms and a loss of dopaminergic neurons, as well as a variety of non-motor symptoms, including constipation, depression, and anxiety. Recently, evidence has also accumulated for a link between gut microbiota and PD. Most PD patients are on dopamine replacement therapy, primarily a combination of L-DOPA and carbidopa; however, the effect of these medications on the microbiota and non-motor symptoms in PD is still unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of chronic oral treatment with L-DOPA plus carbidopa (LDCD) on the gut microbiota and non-motor symptoms in males of a transgenic mouse model of PD (dbl-PAC-Tg(
SNCA
A53T
);
Snca
-/-). To further test whether the effects of these PD medications were mediated by the gut microbiota, oral antibiotic treatment (Abx; vancomycin and neomycin) was included both with and without concurrent LDCD treatment. Post-treatment, the gastrointestinal, motor, and behavioral phenotypes were profiled, and fecal, ileal, and jejunal samples were analyzed for gut microbiota composition by 16S sequencing. LDCD treatment was found to improve symptoms of constipation and depression in this model, concurrent with increases in
Turicibacter
abundance in the ileum. Abx treatment worsened the symptoms of constipation, possibly through decreased levels of short-chain fatty acids and disrupted gut barrier function. LDCD + Abx treatment showed an interaction effect on behavioral symptoms that was also associated with ileal
Turicibacter
levels. This study demonstrates that, in a mouse model, PD medications and antibiotics affect PD-related non-motor symptoms potentially
via
the gut microbiota.

IMPORTANCE
The motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are caused by a loss of dopamine-producing neurons and are commonly treated with dopamine replacement therapy (L-DOPA plus carbidopa). PD has also been associated with altered gut microbiota composition. However, the effects of these PD medications on PD-related non-motor symptoms and the gut microbiota have not been well characterized. This study uses a transgenic mouse model of PD to help resolve medication-induced microbiota alterations from those that are potentially disease relevant within a PD context, and explores how long-term treatment may interact with the gut microbiota to impact non-motor symptoms.
The role of wildfires in the recovery strategy for the endangered southern California steelhead
Authors: Capelli Mark Henri 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Southern California steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) occupy wildfire-prone watersheds from the Santa Maria River in Santa Barbara County to the Tijuana River at the U.S.-Mexico border. This tectonically active landscape is characterized by a Mediterranean climate, highly erosive soils, and a fire-dependent chaparral/coastal sage scrub-dominated plant community. These features create an unstable landscape to which the southernmost steelhead populations have adapted over the past 20 m.y. Wildfires help to create and maintain essential features of the species’ freshwater habitats, including boulder-forced and step pools, which provide oversummering rearing habitat, and spawning gravels, which are essential for reproduction. Disturbance events can also periodically render steelhead spawning and rearing habitat locally inaccessible or unsuitable for the freshwater reproductive phase of their life-history.
The episodic nature of wildfires, floods, and droughts characteristic of southern California is reflected in river and stream evolution as a cyclical rather than a linear process. These disturbance events have become more frequent, intense, and extensive as a result of anthropogenic climate change and the increased extent of the urban-wildland human interface with chaparral/coastal sage scrub and forested lands, including the four U.S. national forests in southern California.
The long-term viability of southern California steelhead populations requires that they be able to persist under the foreseeable natural disturbance regime characteristic of southern California. The recovery strategy pursued by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) for the listed endangered southern California steelhead has recognized the essential role of wildfire in the species’ life-history and its role as one of the major natural disturbances that pose a risk to the listed species. Using a wildfire-frequency analysis, NMFS has adopted a recovery strategy consisting of population redundancy and spatial separation to maximize the persistence of the species in the face of wildfire and associated geomorphic processes and facilitate the species’ ability to evolve adaptations in response to changing environmental conditions.
Nanofiltration Purification of Liquid Radioactive Waste
Authors: Kaptakov V. O. , Milyutin V. V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The paper presents the results of testing the purification of real liquid radioactive waste from radionuclides, bottom residues of the Kola and Beloyarsk nuclear power plants (NPP), as well as low-level wastewater from the radiochemical building of the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS (IPCE RAS) using the method of nanofiltration (NF) using a polymer membrane manufactured by the Russian company “RM Nanotech.” It has been shown that in the case of single-stage NF purification of bottoms of the Kola NPP, the coefficient of purification from 60Co is 2.8, while no purification from 137Cs practically occurs. When cleaning the bottom residues of the Beloyarsk NPP from 60Co using a five-stage scheme, a coefficient of purification from 60Co equal to 388 was obtained. The combination of nanofiltration purification and selective sorption of cesium on the ferrocyanide sorbent Temoksid-35 makes it possible to obtain a dry salt residue that is not related to radioactive waste. When using the method of nanofiltration for the treatment of low-level wastewater of the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the degree of purification was, %: 137Сs ~ 75; 90Sr ~ 91; 241Am ~ 99.5; 152Eu ~ 91; 239Pu ~ 99.5.