bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The genetic etiologies of bilateral renal agenesis
Authors: Kirschen Gregory W. , Blakemore Karin , Al‐Kouatly Huda B. , Fridkis Gila , Baschat Ahmet , Gearhart John , Jelin Angie C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to review and analyze the medical literature for cases of prenatal and/or postnatally diagnosed bilateral renal agenesis (BRA) and create a comprehensive summary of the genetic etiologies known to be associated with this condition.MethodsA literature search was conducted as a scoping review employing Online Mendeliain Inheritance in Man, PubMed, and Cochrane to identify cases of BRA with known underlying genetic (chromosomal vs. single gene) etiologies and those described in syndromes without any known genetic etiology. The cases were further categorized as isolated versus non‐isolated, describing additional findings reported prenatally, postnatally, and postmortem. Inheritance pattern was also documented when appropriate in addition to the reported timing of diagnosis and sex.ResultsWe identified six cytogenetic abnormalities and 21 genes responsible for 20 single gene disorders associated with BRA. Five genes have been reported to associate with BRA without other renal anomalies; sixteen others associate with both BRA as well as unilateral renal agenesis. Six clinically recognized syndromes/associations were identified with an unknown underlying genetic etiology. Genetic etiologies of BRA are often phenotypically expressed as other urogenital anomalies as well as complex multi‐system syndromes.ConclusionMultiple genetic etiologies of BRA have been described, including cytogenetic abnormalities and monogenic syndromes. The current era of the utilization of exome and genome‐wide sequencing is likely to significantly expand our understanding of the underlying genetic architecture of BRA.
Withanolides: Promising candidates for cancer therapy
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Yuan YongKang , Cao Shijie , Kang Ning , Qiu Feng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNatural products have played a significant role throughout history in the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases, particularly cancers. As a natural product primarily derived from various medicinal plants in the Withania genus, withanolides have been shown in several studies to exhibit potential activities in cancer treatment. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanism of withanolides could herald the discovery of new anticancer agents. Withanolides have been studied widely, especially in the last 20 years, and attracted the attention of numerous researchers. Currently, over 1200 withanolides have been classified, with approximately a quarter of them having been reported in the literature to be able to modulate the survival and death of cancer cells through multiple avenues. To what extent, though, has the anticancer effects of these compounds been studied? How far are they from being developed into clinical drugs? What are their potential, characteristic features, and challenges? In this review, we elaborate on the current knowledge of natural compounds belonging to this class and provide an overview of their natural sources, anticancer activity, mechanism of action, molecular targets, and implications for anticancer drug research. In addition, direct targets and clinical research to guide the design and implementation of future preclinical and clinical studies to accelerate the application of withanolides have been highlighted.
Stereochemical and NMR computational study of some natural dimeric bisindole alkaloids
Authors: Grigoriev Dmitry A. , Semenov Valentin A. , Angenot Luc , Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe initial conformational search followed by the optimization of geometric parameters and high‐level calculation of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts were carried out for 12 bisindole alkaloids of the Corynanthe‐Strychnos series. Configurational assignments of all compounds from this series were performed based on the correlation of calculated and experimental NMR chemical shifts. For some alkaloids, the reassignment of the individual resonances together with spectral assignment of experimentally unresolved signals were suggested.
Exclusive and Switchable Superoxide Radical Generation by O2‐Capture‐Based Electron Transfer and Supramolecular Assembly
Authors: Zhu Wenping , Ding Zhen , Guo Shaoxun , Guo Wu‐Jie , Yan Shirong , Liu Bin , Li Hui , Liu Zhen , Tang Ben Zhong , Peng Hui‐Qing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractType‐I photosensitizers (PSs) can generate free radical anions with a broad diffusion range and powerful damage effect, rendering them highly desirable in various areas. However, it still remains a recognized challenge to develop pure Type‐I PSs due to the inefficiency in producing oxygen radical anions through the collision of PSs with nearby substrates. In addition, regulating the generation of oxygen radical anions is also of great importance toward the control of photosensitizer (PS) activities on demand. Herein, a piperazine‐based cationic Type‐I PS (PPE‐DPI) that exhibits efficient intersystem crossing and subsequently captures oxygen molecules through binding O2 to the lone pair of nitrogen in piperazine is reported. The close spatial vicinity between O2 and PPE‐DPI strongly promotes the electron transfer reaction, ensuring the exclusive superoxide radical (O2•−) generation via Type‐I process. Particularly, PPE‐DPI with cationic pyridine groups is able to associate with cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) through host‐guest interactions. Thus, supramolecular assembly and disassembly are easily utilized to realize switchable O2•− generation. This switchable Type‐I PS is successfully employed in photodynamic antibacterial control.
On‐Demand Tunable Electrical Conductance Anisotropy in a MOF‐Polymer Composite
Authors: Hong Taegyun , Lee Changjae , Bak Yeongseo , Park Geonhyeong , Lee Hongju , Kang Seunguk , Bae Tae‐Hyun , Yoon Dong Ki , Park Jesse G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProperty optimization through orientation control of metal–organic framework (MOF) crystals that exhibit anisotropic crystal structures continues to garner tremendous interest. Herein, an electric field is utilized to post‐synthetically control the orientation of conductive layered Cu3(HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexahydroxytriphenylene) crystals dispersed in an electronically insulating poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) oligomer matrix. Optical and electrical measurements are performed to investigate the impact of the electric field on the alignment of Cu3(HHTP)2 crystals and the formation of aggregated microstructures, which leads to an ≈5000‐fold increase in the conductivity of the composite. Notably, the composite thin‐films containing aligned Cu3(HHTP)2 crystals exhibit significant conductivity of ≈10−3 S cm−1 despite the low concentration (≈1 wt.%) of conductive Cu3(HHTP)2. The use of an electric field to align Cu3(HHTP)2 crystals can rapidly generate various desired patterns that exhibit on‐demand tunable collective charge transport anisotropy. The findings provide valuable insights toward the manipulation and utilization of conductive MOFs with anisotropic crystal structures for various applications such as adhesive electrical interconnects and microelectronics.
An approach to determine nickel in aqueous systems through complexation with a Schiff base based on high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector
Authors: Birhanu Asnake Lealem , Mohiuddin Irshad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study presents a new and rapid analytical high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector method for determining nickel ion (Ni2+) complex with Schiff base (Z)‐1‐(thiophen‐2‐yl‐methyleneamino) propane‐2‐ol easily. The influence of pH, surfactant, and effect of mobile phase on the formation of the Ni‐(Z)‐1‐(thiophen‐2‐yl‐methyleneamino)propane‐2‐ol complex was studied and optimized. The results showed that the acidic condition (pH = 5) favors the complexation most. Triton X‐100 neutral surfactant was used for dissolving the Ni–complex synthesized. A mobile phase ratio of methanol:acetonitrile:water 70:20:10, v/v/v was taken as optimum. This approach allowed the analysis of Ni2+ ion with the limit of detection of 0.0349 ng/mL over the linear range of (0.1–250 ng/mL) and a relative standard deviation of < 2%. The developed method exhibited remarkable extraction recoveries for Ni2+ in various real water samples (tap water; 98.0%–99.8% and river water; 97.0%–98.7%) and alloys with recoveries of (nichrome; 85.2% and chromel; 88.4%). Moreover, this protocol was also applied for the quantitation of Ni2+ in real sewage samples at a concentration level of 0.256 ng/mL. The outcomes of the present work successfully revealed the apparent superiority of Schiff base (Z)‐1‐(thiophen‐2‐yl‐methyleneamino) propane‐2‐ol toward the practical removal of target Ni2+ under real‐world conditions.
Recent Advances in Graphene‐Based Materials for Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Le , Yue Shi , Jia Shaofeng , Wang Conghui , Zhang Dan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractZinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are a promising alternative for large‐scale energy storage due to their advantages of environmental protection, low cost, and intrinsic safety. However, the utilization of their full potential is still hindered by the sluggish electrode reaction kinetics, poor structural stability, severe Zn dendrite growth, and narrow electrochemical stability window of the whole battery. Graphene‐based materials with excellent physicochemical properties hold great promise for addressing the above challenges foe ZIBs. In this review, the energy storage mechanisms and challenges faced by ZIBs are first discussed. Key issues and recent progress in design strategies for graphene‐based materials in optimizing the electrochemical performance of ZIBs (anode, cathode, electrolyte, separator and current collector) are then discussed. Finally, some potential challenges and future research directions of graphene‐based materials in high‐performance ZIBs are proposed for practical applications.
Walking the Walk? (Mis)alignment of EFL Teachers' Self‐Reported Corpus Literacy Skills and Their Competence in Planning and Implementing Corpus‐Based Language Pedagogy
Authors: Chung Tieu Thuy , Crosthwaite Peter , Cao Cam Thi Hong , de Carvalho Carolina Tavares 
Published: January 2024

AbstractData‐driven learning (DDL) is an increasingly popular area of research for language teaching and is gradually being incorporated into teacher education programs globally. However, assessing teacher trainees' (self‐reported) corpus literacy, and its impact on eventually (and successfully) incorporating corpora into language teaching, is an ongoing issue. This paper explores the experiences of in‐service English language teacher trainees in developing both corpus literacy and corpus‐based language pedagogy skills in Vietnam. The study finds a disconnect between participants' high self‐reported corpus literacy skills, high intention to conduct corpus‐based language teaching, and their ability to convert said intention and literacy into viable ideas for corpus‐based language teaching within their lesson planning. Potential reasons include difficulties conceptualizing DDL's integration into lesson objectives, selection of inappropriate corpora for the target audience, issues planning DDL activities for primary‐age learners, and Vietnamese‐specific issues mainly around access to technology. Accordingly, we present several recommendations for improving the assessment of DDL trainees' actual integration of DDL into their teaching practice.
Soil Erosion Research and Soil Conservation Policy in South Africa
Authors: Baade Jussi , Aucamp Ilse , Collett Anneliza , Eckardt Frank , Funk Roger , Glotzbach Christoph , von Holdt Johanna , Kestel Florian , Knot Jaap , Lombard Antoinette , Morgenthal Theunis , Msipa Alex , Roux Jay J. Le 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSoil erosion has been identified as an issue in South African farming for more than a century. Erosion of land surfaces by water or wind is a natural process which might be accelerated directly by human impact on land surface properties, e.g., vegetation and soils. An assessment of soil erosion risk indicates average soil loss rates two orders of magnitude larger than long-term soil formation rates. This challenging condition clearly underlines the need for continuous application of established policies and principles as well as emerging modes of conservation agriculture in farming activities in most parts of South Africa. In addition, conservation agriculture has been shown to have positive effects on the cost–value ratio, but diffusion and adoption of this innovative approach still meet resistance often founded in traditional faith and belief systems. However, to cope with challenges from global climate change, e.g., intensified extreme weather conditions (droughts and flooding), strengthened resilience of farming systems is required to i) meet increased domestic and global demand for food and ii) to put into practice sustainable management to diminish on-site and off-site damages from soil erosion on the way to reach sustainable development goals.
Synthesis and Outlook on Future Research and Scientific Education in Southern Africa
Authors: von Maltitz Graham P. , Midgley Guy F. , Veitch Jennifer , Brümmer Christian , Rötter Reimund P. , Rixen Tim , Brandt Peter , Veste Maik 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe sustainability of southern Africa’s natural and managed marine and terrestrial ecosystems is threatened by overuse, mismanagement, population pressures, degradation, and climate change. Counteracting unsustainable development requires a deep understanding of earth system processes and how these are affected by ongoing and anticipated global changes. This information must be translated into practical policy and management interventions. Climate models project that the rate of terrestrial warming in southern Africa is above the global terrestrial average. Moreover, most of the region will become drier. Already there is evidence that climate change is disrupting ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services. This is likely to continue in the foreseeable future, but impacts can be partly mitigated through urgent implementation of appropriate policy and management interventions to enhance resilience and sustainability of the ecosystems. The recommendations presented in the previous chapters are informed by a deepened scientific understanding of the relevant earth system processes, but also identify research and knowledge gaps. Ongoing disciplinary research remains critical, but needs to be complemented with cross-disciplinary and transdisciplinary research that can integrate across temporal and spatial scales to give a fuller understanding of not only individual components of the complex earth-system, but how they interact.
The Agulhas Current System as an Important Driver for Oceanic and Terrestrial Climate
Authors: Biastoch Arne , Rühs Siren , Ivanciu Ioana , Schwarzkopf Franziska U. , Veitch Jennifer , Reason Chris , Zorita Eduardo , Tim Nele , Hünicke Birgit , Vafeidis Athanasios T. , Santamaria-Aguilar Sara , Kupfer Sunna , Soltau Felix 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Agulhas Current system around South Africa combines the dynamics of strong ocean currents in the Indian Ocean with eddy–mean flow interactions. The system includes an associated interoceanic transport towards the Atlantic, Agulhas leakage, which varies on both interannual and decadal timescales. Agulhas leakage is subject to a general increase under increasing greenhouse gases, with higher leakage causing a warming and salinification of the upper ocean in the South Atlantic. The far-field consequences include the impact of the Agulhas Current on the Benguela Upwelling system, a major eastern boundary upwelling system that supports a lucrative fishing industry. Through sea surface temperatures and associated air–sea fluxes, the Agulhas Current system also influences regional climate in southern Africa, leading to a heterogeneous pattern of rainfall over southern Africa and to a reduction of precipitation in most areas under global warming conditions. Changes in the Agulhas Current system and the regional climate also cause changes in regional sea-level and wind-induced waves that deviate from global trends. Combining these oceanic changes with extreme precipitation events, global warming can considerably amplify flood impacts along the coast of South Africa if no adaptation measures are implemented.
Physical Drivers of Southwest African Coastal Upwelling and Its Response to Climate Variability and Change
Authors: Brandt Peter , Bordbar Mohammad Hadi , Coelho Paulo , Koungue Rodrigue Anicet Imbol , Körner Mareike , Lamont Tarron , Lübbecke Joke F. , Mohrholz Volker , Prigent Arthur , Roch Marisa , Schmidt Martin , van der Plas Anja K. , Veitch Jennifer 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe southeastern tropical Atlantic hosts a coastal upwelling system characterized by high biological productivity. Three subregions can be distinguished based on differences in the physical climate: the tropical Angolan and the northern and southern Benguela upwelling systems (tAUS, nBUS, sBUS). The tAUS, which is remotely forced via equatorial and coastal trapped waves, can be characterized as a mixing-driven system, where the wind forcing plays only a secondary role. The nBUS and sBUS are both forced by alongshore winds and offshore cyclonic wind stress curl. While the nBUS is a permanent upwelling system, the sBUS is impacted by the seasonal cycle of alongshore winds. Interannual variability in the region is dominated by Benguela Niños and Niñas that are warm and cold events observed every few years in the tAUS and nBUS. Decadal and multidecadal variations are reported for sea surface temperature and salinity, stratification and subsurface oxygen. Future climate warming is likely associated with a southward shift of the South Atlantic wind system. While the mixing-driven tAUS will most likely be affected by warming and increasing stratification, the nBUS and sBUS will be mostly affected by wind changes with increasing winds in the sBUS and weakening winds in the northern nBUS.
Rise of the Theranostics Empire: A Commentary on Dr. Baum’s Achievements
Authors: Prasad Vikas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBad Berka is a small spa town in Germany, in the state of Thuringia, near the historical cultural city of Weimar with a population of roughly 8000. Natural beauty and spa attracted some prominent personalities of Germany including Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Any town associated with Goethe has a special place in history.Bad Berka also happened to be the place in Germany where Prof. Dr. Richard Paul Baum created the “First Theranostics Empire” on the World Map through the living principle of his life “Rerum cognoscere causas and Carpe diem!”. This chapter tries to elucidate and elaborate how Dr. Baum, through his “philomathy” and firm, to some extent unparalleled, contagious belief in “Aegroti Salus Suprema Lex” successfully conceptualized and pioneered some of the major pathbreaking discoveries in the field of Theranostics. As his “first” research fellow in “Theranostics”, I have had the luxury and honor of closely following Dr. Baum’s efforts in breaking the resistance of acceptance of radiopharmaceuticals for treatment and management of cancer patients. This chapter, written as a commentary, is a tribute to his commitment, motivation, and passion to the field of “Theranostics”.
Radionuclide Therapy in Brain Tumours
Authors: Assadi Majid , Nemati Reza , Shooli Hossein , Ahmadzadehfar Hojjat 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common primary brain tumour, is also the most aggressive neoplasm in the brain. It is characterized by a very poor prognosis with a median overall survival time of only 9–15 months. The infiltrating nature of the tumour cells, inter- and intra-tumoral molecular heterogeneity and the tumour’s propensity to hide behind the blood-brain barrier are the key causes of the insufficiency of the optimal available treatments (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy). Furthermore, the best treatment strategy for patients with recurrent GBM remains uncertain and controversial yet. Despite applying state-of-the-art treatments in the majority of patients, the recurrence of the disease is common and the median survival after recurrence is 8.0–9.8 months. In order to avoid treatment insufficiencies, precision medicine-based therapeutics have emerged. An alternative method of treatment is targeted radionuclide therapy, which targets tumour-specified molecules on the surface of tumour cells. It has been shown that brain tumours overexpress several peptides on their surface, which may or may not be immunologically active, that can be used as a biologic target for the therapy. Radionuclide therapy involves the coupling of a peptide, which targets tumour-specific peptides, with a radionuclide payload to selectively irradiate tumour cells with negligible damage to the adjacent healthy tissue. This chapter discusses the use of radiolabelled conjugates for the treatment of brain tumours.
Modern Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches in Thyroid Diseases: Theranostics and the Changing Role of Radioactive Isotopes
Authors: Grünwald Frank , Sabet Amir , Nguyen Ngoc Christina L. Q. , Kranert W. Tilman , Gröner Daniel C. L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRadioactive iodine was the first isotope engaged in a theranostic approach, initially used to treat thyroid diseases. The first radioiodine treatments were done in the early 1940s. Based on the high effectivity of the sodium iodine transporter, highly specific uptake and striking effects could be achieved with radioiodine therapy. Initially, I-128 was used, it was substituted by I-130 and finally I-131 with respect to superior physical and logistic issues. It took several decades and successes in radiochemistry to produce the observed convincing effects similar to radioiodine treatment in the therapy of other diseases, particularly in malignancies. The classic theranostic feature of I-131 with beta- and gamma-radiation can still be addressed as a blueprint for modern treatment regimens with radioactive isotopes. Nevertheless, the “classic” indications for radioiodine treatments are decreasing, particularly in low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer. Several tracers were developed to visualize iodine-negative tissue for PET as well as for SPECT imaging for therapy planning and response assessment. Substances like dabrafenib proved to be able to reinduce radioiodine uptake in some patients (depending on, e.g., BRAF positivity), and also theranostics established in other oncological settings showed tumoricide effects in thyroid cancer, e.g., Lu-177-DOTATATE. Other theranostic substances “in the pipeline” like FAPI are candidates for the treatment of thyroid cancer as well.
Nuclear Medicine and Surgery on the Way to Personalized Medicine. Ten Years of Clinical and Translational Oncology and Research
Authors: Kaemmerer Daniel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSurgery with a complete tumor removal is the only therapeutic option with a curative approach in a neuroendocrine tumor disease. Recurrent abdominal surgery is associated with inflammation, altered anatomy, and scar tissue and can be challenging [1]. Additionally, tumor lesions can be really small, invisible, or not palpable by the surgeon’s fingers. For that reason, an intraoperative diagnostic tool is necessary because the prior imaging (scintigraphy, PET/CT) has a reduced sensitivity with lower tumor size. Sufficient, preoperative, and intraoperative imaging can provide the surgeon with valuable assistance and also significantly simplify the surgical procedure. Depending on the intraoperative findings, the surgical intervention can be expanded or even significantly reduced.