bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase II Study of Erlotinib (OSI-774) in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Cancer
Authors: Philip Philip A. , Mahoney Michelle R. , Allmer Cristine , Thomas James , Pitot Henry C. , Kim George , Donehower Ross C. , Fitch Tom , Picus Joel , Erlichman Charles 
Published: September 2005

Purpose Epidermal growth factor receptor/human epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR/HER1) and ligand expression is frequently seen in hepatocellular cancers (HCCs). Erlotinib (Tarceva, OSI-774; OSI Pharmaceuticals, Melville, NY) is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with specificity for the EGFR/HER1. Methods The primary objective of this study was to determine the proportion of patients with advanced HCC who were progression-free at 6 months. Patients with either unresectable or metastatic disease were studied. Only one prior systemic or locoregional therapy was allowed. Erlotinib was given continuously at a dose of 150 mg per day orally. Results Thirty-eight patients with HCC were enrolled. Median age of the patients was 69 years (range, 27 to 83 years). A majority of patients (63%) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 1. Forty-seven percent of patients had received prior chemotherapy for advanced HCC. EGFR/HER1 expression was detected in 88% of the patients. Median number of cycles per patient was two (range, 1 to 26). Twelve (32%; CI 95%, 18 to 49) of the 38 patients with HCC were progression-free at 6 months. Three patients had partial radiologic responses of duration of 2, 10, and 11 months, respectively. Disease control was seen in 59% of the patients. Median overall survival time was 13 months. Ten patients (26%) had toxicity-related dose reductions of erlotinib. Grade 3/4 skin toxicity or diarrhea was encountered in five and three patients, respectively. Conclusion Results of this trial suggest a benefit for EGFR/HER1 blockade with erlotinib in patients with HCC manifested by disease control. Additional studies with erlotinib as a single agent or in combination with other agents are warranted.
Stroke As a Late Treatment Effect of Hodgkin's Disease: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Bowers Daniel C. , McNeil D. Elizabeth , Liu Yan , Yasui Yutaka , Stovall Marilyn , Gurney James G. , Hudson Melissa M. , Donaldson Sarah S. , Packer Roger J. , Mitby Pauline A. , Kasper Catherine E. , Robison Leslie L. , Oeffinger Kevin C. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose The objectives of this report are to examine the incidence of and risk factors for stroke among childhood Hodgkin's disease (HD) survivors. Patients and Methods The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study is a multi-institutional cohort study of more than 5-year cancer survivors diagnosed between 1970 and 1986 and a sibling comparison group. Incidence rates of stroke among HD survivors (n = 1,926) and siblings (n = 3,846) were calculated and compared. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios, reported as relative risks (RR), of developing stroke between HD survivors and siblings. Results Nine siblings reported a stroke, for an incidence of 8.00 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 3.85 to 14.43 per 100,000 person-years). Twenty-four HD survivors reported a stroke. The incidence of late-occurring stroke among HD survivors was 83.6 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 54.5 to 121.7 per 100,000 person-years). The RR of stroke among HD survivors was 4.32 (95% CI, 2.01 to 9.29; P = .0002). All 24 survivors received mantle radiation exposure (median dose, 40 Gy). The incidence of late-occurring stroke among HD survivors treated with mantle radiation was 109.8 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 70.8 to 161.1 per 100,000 person-years). The RR of late-occurring stroke among HD survivors treated with mantle radiation was 5.62 (95% CI, 2.59 to 12.25; P < .0001). Conclusion Survivors of childhood HD are at increased risk of stroke. Mantle radiation exposure is strongly associated with subsequent stroke. Potential mechanisms may include carotid artery disease or cardiac valvular disease.
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: A Review of 150 Patients
Authors: Mankin Henry J. , Hornicek Francis J. , Ortiz-Cruz Eduardo , Villafuerte Jorge , Gebhardt Mark C. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose We have reviewed a series of 150 aneurysmal bone cysts treated over the last 20 years. Patients and Methods The lesions were principally located in the tibia, femur, pelvis, humerus, and spine and, in most cases, presented the imaging appearance originally described by Jaffe and Lichtenstein as a blowout with thin cortices. Results Only one of the patients was believed to have an osteoblastoma of the spine with secondary development of an aneurysmal bone cyst, and none of the patients developed additional lesions. The patients were treated primarily with curettage and implantation of allograft chips or polymethylmethacrylate, but some patients were treated with insertion of autografts or allografts. The local recurrence rate was 20%, which is consistent with that reported by other centers. Conclusion Aneurysmal bone cysts are enigmatic lesions of unknown cause and presentation and are difficult to distinguish from other lesions. Overall, the treatment is satisfactory, but it is possible that newer approaches, such as improved magnetic resonance imaging studies, may help diagnose the lesions and allow the physicians to plan for more effective treatment protocols.
Plasma Carotenoids and Recurrence-Free Survival in Women With a History of Breast Cancer
Authors: Rock Cheryl L. , Flatt Shirley W. , Natarajan Loki , Thomson Cynthia A. , Bardwell Wayne A. , Newman Vicky A. , Hollenbach Kathy A. , Jones Lovell , Caan Bette J. , Pierce John P. 
Published: September 2005

PurposePrevious studies suggest that diet may affect recurrence or survival rates in women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between plasma carotenoid concentration, as a biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake, and risk for a new breast cancer event in a cohort of women with a history of early-stage breast cancer.MethodsParticipants were 1,551 women previously treated for breast cancer who were randomly assigned to the control arm of a diet intervention trial between March 1995 and November 2000. Outcome events were probed during semiannual interviews and verified by medical record review. During the period under study, 205 women had a recurrence or new primary breast cancer. Plasma carotenoid concentrations were measured in baseline blood samples. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs by quartiles of plasma carotenoids were computed, controlling for tumor stage, grade, and hormone receptor status; chemotherapy and tamoxifen therapy; clinical site; age at diagnosis; body mass index; and plasma cholesterol concentration.ResultsWomen in the highest quartile of plasma total carotenoid concentration had significantly reduced risk for a new breast cancer event (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.89), controlled for covariates influencing breast cancer prognosis.ConclusionPlasma carotenoids are a biologic marker of intake of vegetables and fruit, so this observation supports findings from previous studies that have linked increased vegetable and fruit intake with greater likelihood of recurrence-free survival in women who have been diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer.
Electrical properties of nanostructured interpenetrating polymer networks based on natural rubber (NR)/polystyrene (PS)
Authors: Mathew Aji P. , Varghese Hima , Thomas S. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe electrical properties of nanostructured sequential interpenetrating polymer networks from natural rubber (NR) and polystyrene (PS) have been studied in the frequency range of 102–107 Hz. The permittivity, volume resistivity, dielectric loss factor, and dissipation factor were analyzed as a function of frequency, blend composition, crosslinking level, and initiating system. It was found that the volume resistivity and dissipation factor first increase, reach a maximum around 103–105 Hz, and then decrease gradually with the increase of frequency. As the NR content is increased from 30 to 70%, the dissipation factor (tan δ) increases. On increasing the extent of the PS phase crosslinking, the permittivity increases. However, at higher levels of PS crosslinking, the permittivity values decrease due to the agglomeration of PS phase arising from excessive crosslinking. The morphology studies using a scanning electron microscope confirmed the agglomeration of PS phase at high crosslinking level. The permittivity values are maximum at 4% of crosslinking content. The influence of initiating system on the dielectric properties was not very significant. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2017–2026, 2005
Differential scanning calorimetry characterization of urea–formaldehyde resin curing behavior as affected by less desirable wood material and catalyst content
Authors: Xing Cheng , Deng James , Zhang S. Y. , Riedl Bernard , Cloutier Alain 
Published: September 2005

AbstractDifferential scanning calorimetry was applied to investigate the curing behavior of urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin as affected by the catalyst content and several less desirable wood materials (e.g., wood barks, tops, and commercial thinnings). The results indicate that the reaction enthalpy of UF resin increased with increasing catalyst content. The activation energy and peak temperature of the curing UF resin generally decreased with increasing catalyst content at lower levels of catalyst content. However, with further increases in catalyst content, the changes in the activation energy and peak temperature were very limited to nonexistent. The hydrolysis reaction of the cured UF resin occurred during the latter stages of the curing process at both lower level (<0.2%) and higher level (>0.7%) catalyst contents. This indicates that there existed an optimal range of catalyst content for the UF resin. The curing enthalpy of the UF resin decreased with increasing wood raw materials present due to the effect of diffusion induced by the wood materials and the changes in the phase of the curing systems. This suggests that the curing reactions reached a lower final degree of conversion for the wood–resin mixtures than for the UF resin alone. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2027–2032, 2005
Synthesis and properties of 6FDA‐BisAAF‐PPD copolyimides for microelectronic applications
Authors: Yang Ching‐Yu , Hsu Steve Lien‐Chung , Chen J. S. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractIn this work, fluorine‐containing copolyimides were synthesized from 6FDA dianhydride and different ratios of BisAAF and PPD diamines. Properties, such as composition, viscosity, dielectric constant, glass‐transition temperature, thermal decomposition temperature, tensile characteristics, and transmittance, were investigated by using elemental analysis, viscometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, a thermogravimetric analyzer, a tensile tester, and UV–visible spectrophotometry. After curing at 300°C for 1 h, imidization was observed, as indicated the appearance of an absorption peak of the carbonyl of the imide at 1780 cm−1 (CO asymmetry stretching). The inherent viscosity increased with an increasing PPD mole fraction, from 0.40 dL/g of pure 6FDA‐BisAAF to 0.84 dL/g of pure 6FDA‐PPD. The dielectric constant decreased with increasing fluorine content. The glass‐transition temperature increased with an increasing PPD mole fraction; the values increased from 317°C with pure 6FDA‐BisAAF polyimide to 364°C with pure 6FDA‐PPD polyimide. The 5% weight loss temperature (Td) of the copolyimides was around 530°C in air and 540°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The tensile modulus and tensile strength gradually increased with an increasing PPD molar fraction. The transmittance of 6FDA‐BisAAF‐PPD copolyimides was greater than 90% at wavelengths above 500 nm. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2064–2069, 2005
Influence of chitosan characteristics on coagulation and flocculation of organic suspensions
Authors: Roussy Jean , Van Vooren Maurice , Guibal Eric 
Published: September 2005

AbstractSeveral samples of chitosan with different degrees of deacetylation and of different molecular weights were tested for the coagulation–flocculation of organic suspensions. Organic suspensions were prepared by mixing mushroom powder with tap water. Experiments were carried out at pH 5, pH 7, and pH 9. Because decreasing the pH reduced the amount of chitosan required to reach the required turbidity, at pH 9, a high concentration of chitosan was required to achieve the required treatment levels, whereas the difference was less significant between pH 7 and pH 5 (the required concentration of chitosan was halved). Though viscosity, correlated to the molecular weight of chitosan, affected treatment performance, its influence on the efficiency of coagulation–flocculation could be substantially reduced by slightly increasing the concentration of the polymer. This is of importance in the processing of industrial effluents: the aging of a chitosan solution, which may cause partial depolymerization, and loss of viscosity, will have a limited impact on process efficiency. The degree of deacetylation also has a limited effect on treatment performance, especially when the degree of deacetylation exceeds 90%. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2070–2079, 2005
Understanding community re‐entry of former prisoners with mental illness: a conceptual model to guide new research
Authors: Draine Jeffrey , Wolff Nancy , Jacoby Joseph E. , Hartwell Stephanie , Duclos Christine 
Published: September 2005

AbstractCriminal justice, mental health, and social service professionals face a myriad of role expectations in working with prisoners with mental illness to facilitate community re‐entry. These expectations include those related to law enforcement, social welfare, and administrative efficiency. The challenge for front line workers and the multiple systems that employ them is to integrate all these expectations effectively on behalf of the individual as well as the community. Current models of re‐entry for individuals leaving prison with mental illness focus on the management and interaction of service systems. This paper presents a model of prisoner re‐entry that incorporates a larger social context, illustrating dynamics related to both individuals with mental illness leaving prison and their interaction with the community setting. This model was generated through an interdisciplinary team effort. It was refined through a focus group process that included advocates, community members and other informants from mental health and criminal justice systems in five states. The model is designed to generate new questions for research that address both individual and community level issues. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A retrospective examination of outpatient commitment in New York
Authors: Erickson Steven K. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractOutpatient commitment (OC) is a growing trend in mental health treatment. The impetus for this movement has been partly due to the public perception that some mentally ill outpatients are prone to violence as result of poor treatment compliance. Numerous studies have shown that poor treatment compliance is associated with increased hospitalization, substance abuse, homelessness, and contact with the criminal justice system. This study examined treatment effectiveness, demographic variables, hospital utilization, and violence among 100 OC participants in New York. Results indicate that OC can be an effective means of increasing treatment compliance and reducing hospitalization and encounters with the criminal justice system. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of mental health evidence on support for capital punishment: are defendants labeled psychopathic considered more deserving of death?
Authors: Edens John F. , Colwell Lori H. , Desforges Donna M. , Fernandez Krissie 
Published: September 2005

AbstractControversy surrounds the use of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist—Revised (Hare, 1991, 2003) in capital murder cases, where it has been introduced to support prosecution claims that a defendant represents a “continuing threat to society”. Although widely presumed to have a prejudicial impact (e.g., American Psychological Association, 2004), little is known about how the lay public reacts to data derived from ostensibly stigmatizing assessment instruments such as the PCL‐R. The present study examined the effect of psychopathy data on layperson attitudes by having 203 undergraduates review a capital murder case where the results of the defendant's psychological evaluation were experimentally manipulated. When expert testimony described the defendant as psychopathic, a much larger percentage of participants supported a death sentence (60%) than when testimony indicated that he was psychotic (30%) or not mentally disordered (38%). Interestingly, participant ratings of how psychopathic they perceived the defendant to be—regardless of the testimony condition to which they had been assigned—also predicted support for a death sentence. Given the limited probative value of the PCL‐R in capital cases and the prejudicial nature of the effects noted in this study, we recommend that forensic examiners avoid using it in these trials. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enaminones in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis and Chemical Reactivity of 3‐Anilino‐1‐substituted‐2‐propene‐1‐one.
Authors: Al‐Saleh Balkis , El‐Apasery Morsy Ahmed , Abdel‐Aziz Rasha Safwat , Elnagdi Mohamed Hilmy 
Published: September 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Investigation of Naphthyridines. Part 16. Synthesis of Derivatives of 2,5‐Dioxo‐1,2,5,6,7,8‐hexahydro‐1,6‐naphthyridine‐3‐carboxylic Acids from Anilides (Hydrazides) of 6‐Oxo‐2‐styrylnicotinic Acids.
Authors: Deyanov A. B. , Konshin M. E. , Semenova Z. N. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Rearrangement of β‐Hydroxy‐N‐acyloxazolidin‐2‐ones to Afford N‐2‐Hydroxyethyl‐1,3‐oxazinane‐2,4‐diones.
Authors: Feuillet Fred J. P. , Niyadurupola D. Gangani , Green Rachel , Cheeseman Matt , Bull Steven D. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
In vitro permeation of diclofenac sodium from novel microemulsion formulations through rabbit skin
Authors: Kantarcı Gülten , Özgüney Işık , Karasulu Hatice Y. , Güneri Tamer , Başdemir Gülçin 
Published: September 2005

AbstractIn order to increase topical penetration of the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, diclofenac sodium, new microemulsion formulations were prepared to increase drug solubility and in vitro penetration of the drug. The influence of dimethyl sulfoxide and propylene glycol were also investigated as enhancers on the in vitro penetration of diclofenac sodium using Franz diffusion cells using excised dorsal rabbit skin. Factorial randomized design was performed to analyze the results of in vitro permeation studies. Microemulsions prepared with isopropyl alcohol were superior to those prepared with propanol. Enhancers had different effects depending on the formulation. Propylene glycol was superior to dimethyl sulfoxide when incorporated into isopropyl alcohol microemulsion, whereas dimethyl sulfoxide was superior to propylene glycol in propanol microemulsions. There were no observable histopathological differences between the skin of the control group and the treated groups at the light microscope level due to swelling of the skin tissue. The present study shows that microemulsion formulations containing isopropyl alcohol as co‐surfactant and propylene glycol as enhancer represent a promising approach for a topical vehicle for diclofenac sodium. Drug Dev. Res. 65:17–25, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modulation of intrasperm Ca2+: A possible maneuver for spermicidal activity
Authors: Gupta Anshu , Gupta Puneet Kumar , Jain Subheet , Moudgil Pranab , Tiwary Ashok Kumar 
Published: September 2005

AbstractSperm in the testis and proximal part of epididymis are nonmotile. As sperm matures, its response towards Ca2+changes. The cation is essential for stimulating motility of sperm in epididymis. However, both a decrease in extracellular Ca2+below 65% and an increase in the intracellular Ca2+above 1200 nM are detrimental to sperm survival in ejaculated semen. Ca2+homeostasis in sperm cells is intricately maintained through influx and efflux of Ca2+via various channels and pumps present on sperm membrane. Depletion of intracellular calcium evokes the opening of calcium channels present on sperm, thus causing Ca2+influx. The efflux of Ca2+can be effectively blocked by Na+‐Ca2+exchange inhibitors, thus resulting in elevation of intracellular Ca2+beyond the threshold level. Na+‐K+‐ATPase inhibitors and IP3 modulators can potentiate this effect. Furthermore, Ca2+channel blockers acting on L‐ and T‐type channels can modulate intrasperm Ca2+by influencing its influx. In addition, a close relationship exists between Ca2+and other regulators of sperm viability such as intracellular pH (Na+‐H+exchanger), cAMP, protein kinases, calmodulin, etc. In light of these facts, it becomes imperative to consider the pivotal role of intracellular Ca2+in sperm function and to critically evaluate the possible use of pharmacological agents as contact spermicides. This should aid in identifying novel target sites for arresting sperm viability in ejaculated human semen. As these agents will act on ejaculated sperm, they should be devoid of any adverse effects associated with the other contraceptives. The ideal agent will be one that acts selectively on a sperm Ca2+mobilization process or preferably on a Ca2+mobilization process that is expressed only in sperm. Recent reports on Catsper, a cation channel expressed only in sperm cells, have generated considerable interest in the search for novel nonhormonal approaches for contraception. Drug Dev. Res. 65:1–16, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Helping children and adults cope with parental infidelity
Authors: Lusterman Don‐David 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis article addresses the impact of discovered marital infidelity on the couple's young children, adolescents, and adult children. It distinguishes between two types of infidelity, affairs and womanizing, and suggests differential treatments for each. Treatment must address the impact of the secrecy, which is always part of infidelity, and the boundary violations that occur when a child is directly involved in the infidelity or in its aftermath. Four clinical cases illustrate therapeutic interventions for children suffering from their parent's infidelity. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session 61: 1439–1451, 2005.