bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of Z‐ and E‐strain Ostrinia nubilalis in Sweden shortly after first detection of the Z‐strain
Authors: Anderbrant Olle , Marques Joana F. , Aldén Louise , Svensson Glenn P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a major pest insect in maize. New cultivars and climate change have allowed range expansion of the crop northwards in Europe, and a similar range expansion of associated pests has been predicted. ECB exists as two distinct pheromone strains using different blends of (E)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate for sexual communication; in addition, the Z‐strain feeds almost exclusively on maize. In Sweden, the maize cropping area has increased tenfold during the last two decades, increasing the potential for spread of the Z‐strain, which was recorded for the first time in the country in 2010.Aim of the study/methodsIn this study, we performed trapping experiments with strain‐specific lures in maize fields in southern Sweden during 2013–2022 to monitor the presence and relative abundance of the two ECB strains and evaluate the potential increase of the Z‐strain. Trapping was also performed at least 5 km away from maize fields. Molecular markers were used to verify the strain identity of trapped males and larvae that fed on maize.ResultsCatch data revealed that both pheromone strains were present in the major maize cultivation areas of Sweden, as predicted by recent modelling studies. Our data indicate that the flight period of ECB in southern Sweden lasts from the middle of June to late August, with peak flight in July. Catches of both strains were low at all trapping sites and throughout the study period and decreased further during the years following the dry summer of 2018. No Z‐strain males were trapped far away from maize fields.ConclusionBased on our results, and the low levels of ECB‐related damage observed in local maize fields, the Z‐strain is currently not imposing a threat to Swedish maize growers.
The impact of dental midline angulation towards the facial flow curve on the esthetics of an asymmetric face: Perspective of laypeople and orthodontists
Authors: Ntovas Panagiotis , Karkazi Frantzeska , Ozbilen Elvan‐Onem , Lysy Juraj , Gogolas Nikolaos , Yilmaz Hanife‐Nuray , Papazoglou Efstratios , Coachman Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objective of the present article was to evaluate the ımpact of dental midline angulation in asymmetrical faces.Materials and MethodsA full‐portrait image was used to create a set of digitally modified images with a different degree of facial asymmetry, towards the right and the left side of the face respectively. Half of the images were designed with an equivalent angulation of the dental midline in respect to the curve of the lower third of the face and half of them without. Through a web survey, 250 laypeople and 250 orthodontists were asked to assess the attractiveness of each image separately.ResultsAs the asymmetry of the face was increased, facial attractiveness was further decreased both for laypersons and orthodontists. For each one of the modified images, when the dental midline was following the curve that was formed from the inclination of the simulated asymmetry of the face, the smile attractiveness scores were significantly higher compared to a straight dental midline.ConclusionFacial asymmetries derived from the inclination of the nose, the chin and the commissural line of the lips can significantly affect the smile attractiveness. An orientation of the dental midline towards the facial asymmetry in order to follow the facial curve, can be beneficial for the smile attractiveness compared to a perpendicular to the face dental midline. During the design of a smile, clinicians have to take into consideration deviations in facial midline, in order their restorations to be in harmony with the rest of the face.Clinical SignificanceDuring the design of a smile, clinicians have to take into consideration deviations in the facial midline, in order their restorations to be in harmony with the rest of the face.
Optical properties of dental zirconia, bovine dentin, and enamel‐dentin structures
Authors: Pecho Oscar E. , Benetti Paula , Ruiz‐López Javier , Furini Giordana P. , Tejada‐Casado Maria , Pérez María M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the optical properties and the relative translucency parameter of Ceramill ZI White (3Y‐TZP) and Ceramill Zolid FX White (5Y‐PSZ) zirconia ceramic systems and compare them with those of the bovine dentin and enamel/dentin structures.Materials and Methods3Y‐TZP and 5Y‐PSZ zirconia ceramic systems were evaluated. A 0.5‐mm‐thick 3Y‐TZP (3Y‐NC.5), 0.5‐mm‐thick (5Y‐NC.5), and 1.4‐mm‐thick (5Y‐C.14) were used. A 0.5‐mm‐thick dentin specimens and 1.4‐mm‐thick enamel/dentin specimens (n = 5) were obtained from anterior bovine maxillary teeth. Scattering, absorption, transmittance, and albedo coefficient were calculated using Kubelka–Munk's model. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests (p < 0.001), and goodness‐of‐fit coefficient (GFC). Relative translucency parameter differences were evaluated using translucency thresholds.ResultsReflectance, scattering, absorption, and transmittance properties were wavelength dependent. Good matches (GFC ≥ 0.999) in spectral reflectance were observed between 0.5‐mm‐thick dentin and 1.4‐mm‐thick enamel/dentin, and 3Y‐NC.5 and 5Y‐NC.5. Scattering was the main optical extinction process during light interaction with zirconia and dental structures, as indicated by albedo coefficient. Translucency differences were acceptable only for 3Y‐NC.5 and the dentin structure, and 5Y‐C.14 and the enamel/dentin structure.ConclusionsOptical properties of 3Y‐TZP and 5Y‐PSZ dental zirconia differed from each other and from bovine dental structures. Nevertheless, 3Y‐TZP showed similar relative translucency parameter to bovine dentin.Clinical SignificanceTo achieve the best esthetic results in restorative dentistry, it is crucial for clinicians to know about the optical properties of 3Y‐TZP and 5Y‐PSZ and to be able to compare these properties with those of dental structures.
Artificial intelligence for discrimination of Crohn's disease and gastrointestinal tuberculosis: A systematic review
Authors: Sachan Anurag , Kakadiya Rinkalben , Mishra Shubhra , Kumar‐M Praveen , Jena Anuraag , Gupta Pankaj , Sebastian Shaji , Deepak Parakkal , Sharma Vishal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimDiscrimination of gastrointestinal tuberculosis (GITB) and Crohn's disease (CD) is difficult. Use of artificial intelligence (AI)‐based technologies may help in discriminating these two entities.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review on the use of AI for discrimination of GITB and CD. Electronic databases (PubMed and Embase) were searched on June 6, 2022, to identify relevant studies. We included any study reporting the use of clinical, endoscopic, and radiological information (textual or images) to discriminate GITB and CD using any AI technique. Quality of studies was assessed with MI‐CLAIM checklist.ResultsOut of 27 identified results, a total of 9 studies were included. All studies used retrospective databases. There were five studies of only endoscopy‐based AI, one of radiology‐based AI, and three of multiparameter‐based AI. The AI models performed fairly well with high accuracy ranging from 69.6–100%. Text‐based convolutional neural network was used in three studies and Classification and regression tree analysis used in two studies. Interestingly, irrespective of the AI method used, the performance of discriminating GITB and CD did not match in discriminating from other diseases (in studies where a third disease was also considered).ConclusionThe use of AI in differentiating GITB and CD seem to have acceptable accuracy but there were no direct comparisons with traditional multiparameter models. The use of multiple parameter‐based AI models have the potential for further exploration in search of an ideal tool and improve on the accuracy of traditional models.
Aversion to Student Debt? Evidence from Low‐Wage Workers
Authors: GOPALAN RADHAKRISHNAN , HAMILTON BARTON H. , SABAT JORGE , SOVICH DAVID 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTWe combine state minimum wage changes with individual‐level income and credit data to estimate the effect of wage gains on the debt of low‐wage workers. In the three years following a $0.88 minimum wage increase, low‐wage workers experience a $2,712 income increase and a $856 decrease in debt. The entire decline in debt comes from less student loan borrowing among enrolled college students. Credit constraints, buffer‐stock behavior, and other rational channels cannot explain the reduction in student debt. Our results are consistent with students perceiving a utility cost of borrowing student debt arising from mental accounting.
How to speak to the masses, part I: Hồ Chí Minh's instructions to cadres and the dynamics of register formation in 20th century Vietnam
Authors: Sidnell Jack 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe question of how to understand the relation between language and action lies at the heart of both philosophical pragmatics and linguistic anthropology. This same question, although framed in a very different way, also emerged as a basic concern for communist revolutionaries in Vietnam in the mid 1940s and, I contend, continues to exercise the imagination of party members and others up until the present day. Drawing inspiration from Asif Agha's definition of a (semiotic) register as a “cultural model of action,” in this essay, I consider the ways in which Hồ Chí Minh along with other high‐ranking party members sought to reform Vietnamese through a project of register formation, and thereby to transform the language into an effective instrument of mass mobilization. I suggest that this project centrally involved reconceptualizing the relationship between language and action and was pursued by, on the one hand, identifying and proscribing ways of speaking in which the connection with action was seen to be broken such that speech amounted to “mere words” and, on the other, by promoting a way of speaking in which, as the frequently used Vietnamese expression has it, “speaking goes hand‐in‐hand with doing” (nói đi đôi với làm).
Advancing safety in turbulent times: Development and validation of a pandemic safety climate scale
Authors: Huang Yueng‐hsiang , He Yimin , Lee Jin , Lytle Bailey , Courtney Theodore K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study introduces the concept of pandemic safety climate (SC), employees' perceptions of an organization's policies, procedures and practices aiming to deal with the COVID‐19 pandemic. Based on the theory of planned behaviour, we expected that the pandemic SC would be the base of employees' subjective norms, attitudes and perceived control in dealing with the COVID‐19 pandemic‐related challenges. We hypothesized that pandemic SC would be associated with a series of attitudinal and behavioural criteria that aim to prevent the spread of COVID‐19 as well as promote other health and well‐being outcomes. Using both prospective and cross‐sectional datasets, we developed and validated a measure of pandemic SC which consisted of two scales. Organization pandemic SC refers to the employees' perceptions of the strategies and efforts at the organization level and consists of four dimensions: management commitment and proactivity, workplace flexibility and capacity, equipment and sanitization for COVID‐19 prevention and COVID‐19‐related communication and training programmes. Group pandemic SC refers to the employees' perceptions of the intermediate support and care from supervisors and consists of three dimensions: supervisor commitment and proactivity, safety monitoring and COVID‐19‐related supervisory communication. Construct validity and criterion‐related validity were supported. Theoretical and practical implications of the newly developed pandemic SC scales are discussed.
Employer‐oriented flexible work in health care: A diary study on the resulting cognitive demands and their relationship with work–home outcomes
Authors: Baumgartner Vera C. , Prem Roman , Uhlig Lars , Korunka Christian , Kubicek Bettina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates how cognitive demands resulting from employer‐oriented flexibility (i.e. to coordinate with others, to structure work tasks and to organize work and private obligations) relate to work–home outcomes among health care professionals. To understand the underlying psychological mechanisms of the relationship between cognitive demands resulting from employer‐oriented flexibility and work–home outcomes, we combined the challenge–hindrance approach with role theory. We hypothesized a positive relationship between cognitive demands resulting from employer‐oriented flexibility and work–home conflict via cognitive effort (strain process) and between cognitive demands resulting from employer‐oriented flexibility and work–home enrichment via learning to self‐organize (learning process). Eighty‐eight health care professionals working in eldercare homes participated in a diary study and provided 407 day‐level datasets. They completed questionnaires twice a day over 5 working days. Our analyses show that the relationships between daily cognitive demands resulting from employer‐oriented flexibility and work–home outcomes depend on strain and learning processes. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that cognitive demands resulting from employer‐oriented flexibility, although ambivalently related to work–home outcomes on the person level, trigger distinct strain and learning processes on the day level: daily coordinating with colleagues and daily structuring work tasks were related to work–home conflict via cognitive effort, whereas daily organizing work and family obligations was associated with work–home enrichment via learning to self‐organize.
Does negative performance feedback always lead to negative responses? The role of trust in the leader
Authors: Ni Dan , Zheng Xiaoming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study draws from cognitive appraisal theory to examine when and how negative performance feedback could prevent employees from engaging in interpersonal counterproductive workplace behaviour towards the leader. We test the hypotheses using a three‐wave survey and a scenario‐based experiment with Chinese and Western samples, respectively. Our results indicate that negative performance feedback has a negative effect on perceived feedback quality when employees have a lower (vs. higher) level of trust in the leader. In addition, perceived feedback quality is negatively related to employee hostility towards leader and, in turn, interpersonal counterproductive workplace behaviour towards the leader. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Reducing seclusion and restraint in an acute adolescent psychiatric ward: A feasibility study
Authors: Lee‐Aube Angel , Vakili Alexandra , Padhi Ashwini , Joseph Sumithira , Norcott Julie , Yap Keong 
Published: December 2023

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject

Restraining and secluding health consumers for safety reasons continue to be used in psychiatric inpatient facilities even though they have no therapeutic value and have negative effects on consumers, families and staff.

Six Core Strategies (6CS) for reducing seclusion and restraint have been developed to address this problem but there are very few effectiveness studies in inpatient adolescent psychiatric facilities.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge

We used a mixed methods approach to evaluate the implementation of 6CS in an adolescent psychiatric facility. The implementation was successful. It eliminated the use of seclusion, substantially reduced the use of restraints and significantly reduced staff absenteeism.

Using thematic analysis on feedback surveys, we identified five dominant themes that described consumers' and carers' experiences during their stay at the facility: communication, service delivery, flexibility, consistency and internal feeling states.

What are the implications for practice

This study provides support for the feasibility of a comprehensive and broad‐based intervention program such as 6CS to reduce seclusion and restraint practices in inpatient mental health facilities.

This study also demonstrates the value of using surveys to gather consumer and carer feedback and improve outcomes for service users.

AbstractIntroductionSeclusion and restraint practices are routinely used in psychiatric facilities but are controversial for ethical, legal and safety reasons, and can cause significant harm to consumers, staff and organisations. Six Core Strategies (6CS) for reducing seclusion and restraint were developed to address this problem but very few studies have examined their effectiveness in adolescent settings.Aim/QuestionTo evaluate the implementation of 6CS in an adolescent inpatient psychiatric facility.MethodWe retrieved archival data from an acute adolescent psychiatric ward that implemented the 6CS. Using a mixed methods approach, we evaluated outcomes on the use of seclusion and restraint, nursing staff sick leave and feedback surveys.ResultsFindings showed an elimination of seclusion, and a significant reduction in restraint use and staff absenteeism in the 12 months after project implementation. Thematic analysis of feedback survey responses identified communication, service delivery, flexibility, consistency and internal feeling states as dominant themes in consumers' and carers' experience on the unit.DiscussionThe 6CS is feasible and may be effective in reducing seclusion and restraint, which in turn may have a positive impact on staff wellbeing.Implications for PracticeImplementation of the 6CS with executive support, combined with staff and programmatic changes at a local level is recommended.
The quick and the fed: Geographical variation in embryonic development and offspring size in a wide‐spread lizard
Authors: Pezaro Nadav , Doody Jeremiah Sean , Thompson Michael B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBroad geographical distributions that include marked climatic variation may expose populations to distinct selective pressures. Local adaptation to differences in developmental conditions may lead to divergence in embryonic and hatchling traits for populations of oviparous reptiles. Among‐population differences in hatchling size and the duration of development are often observed in lizards with wide and climatically diverse distributions. Variation in hatchling phenotypes can arise from variation in maternal allocation, developmental plasticity or selection acting on embryonic traits. We studied variation in hatchlings of the Australian water dragon (Intellagama lesueurii), comparing traits related to growth and patterns of developmental plasticity. We recorded marked differences in hatchling sizes among populations from different climate types, which did not result from differences in maternal investment or from a plastic response to incubation temperatures. Embryos from southern, temperate populations exhibited shorter incubation times when incubated at cold temperatures but utilized less yolk during development and hatched smaller, with more residual yolk, regardless of incubation treatment. We suggest that these findings represent the first example of among‐population variation in patterns of embryonic resource allocation and a novel mechanism mediating offspring size in reptiles. We further suggest that variation in embryonic resource allocation in I. lesueurii, together with evolutionary changes in reaction norms for developmental rate, evolved as adaptations to seasonal length and conditions associated with a tropical‐temperate gradient.
An input trade model with Keynesian unemployment: Bridging a gap between trade theory and international Input–Output analysis
Authors: Sato Hideo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study presents a trade model with (1) intermediate inputs, (2) link commodities, and (3) Keynesian unemployment. The model has linear input coefficients, stable commodity prices, and short‐run adjustment of the quantity supplied on the occasion of demand changes, making it compatible with international input–output tables and analysis. Given production techniques, labor endowments, upper limits of unemployment rates, markup rates, and final demand in each country, this model specifies feasible trade patterns and determines commodity prices, wage rates, gross outputs, employment/unemployment rates, national income, income distribution, and trade volumes/values for each pattern. Starting with a two‐country, three‐commodity case, this model expands to a multi‐country, multi‐commodity case.
A deep marked graph process model for citywide traffic congestion forecasting
Authors: Zhang Tong , Wang Jianlong , Wang Tong , Pang Yiwei , Wang Peixiao , Wang Wangshu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractForecasting citywide traffic congestion on large road networks has long been a nontrivial research problem due to the challenge of modeling complex evolution patterns of congestion in highly stochastic traffic environments. Arguing that purely data‐driven methods may not perform well for congestion forecasting, we propose a deep marked graph process model for predicting the congestion indices and the occurrence time of traffic congestion events for complex signalized road networks. Traffic congestion is considered as a nonrigorous spatiotemporal extreme event. We extend the traditional point process model by integrating a specially designed spatiotemporal graph convolutional network. This hybrid strategy takes advantage of the simple form of the point process model as well as the ability of graph neural networks to emulate the evolution of congestion. Experiments on real‐world congestion data sets show that the proposed method outperforms state‐of‐the‐art baseline methods, yielding satisfactory prediction results on a large signalized road network with superior computational efficiency.
On the role of time‐of‐use electricity price in charge scheduling for electric bus fleets
Authors: Zhang Le , Wang Yadong , Gu Weihua , Han Yu , Chung Edward , Qu Xiaobo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs electric buses become increasingly popular, it is imperative to optimize the schedules of electric buses with explicit consideration of their charging requirements. Unfortunately, existing studies failed to properly model the impacts of essential operating factors, including the time‐of‐use (TOU) electricity price, partial charging, and limited chargers. Our paper proposes a mixed‐integer nonlinear program to minimize the total operating cost of an electric bus fleet for fulfilling a group of timetabled trips, considering the above realistic features simultaneously. To effectively solve the problem of global optimality, we convert this model to an equivalent set partitioning model and develop a specialized branch‐and‐price approach subsequently. Our approach's computational efficiency is verified via extensive numerical experiments. The model is applied to a real‐world case study in Nanjing, China. Results show that incorporating the TOU electricity price into the electric bus scheduling problem can produce a sizeable cost saving of up to 22%. Managerial insights unveiled by the numerical results are discussed. These insights inform the practitioners of how the operations of electric buses can be both cost‐effective and grid‐friendly.