bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
After a Parent’s Death: A World Upside Down
Authors: Silverman Phyllis R , Kelly Madelyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There’s no time line for pain. The funeral and the first worst days are over, but there will be countless difficult and harrowing days ahead. It is tremendously disorienting to return to the life you once had, minus your partner, because in many ways, that life does not exist any longer. You are now living between a tomorrow that will not happen and one that you never could have anticipated. Calm, happy days when your family moves smoothly through its routines are a thing of the past, and it may be a long time before they return.
After a Friend’s Death: Invisible Mourners
Authors: Silverman Phyllis R , Kelly Madelyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The death of a friend is a little-explored and little-explained loss. Unlike the families of the dead, friends who grieve are often forgotten mourners, rarely receiving much support and guidance. For the young, in particular, a friend’s death is a challenge to their developing sense of self. It is through friendships that children expand beyond the family and begin to create a world of their own on their journey toward maturity. When a friend dies, they lose control of that world. Gila reflects on how Mara’s suicide destroyed her expectation that friendship is forever:
Cultural Relativism About Human Rights
Authors: Talbott William J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Anyone from a democratic country who claims human rights ought to be universal can expect to be accused of cultural imperialism. Lee Kwan Yew, the former prime minister of Singapore, is probably the best-known contemporary exponent of this argument. Under Lee, Singapore was nominally a democracy with a democratically elected government, but Lee was unabashed in imitating the techniques of the communists and even the Roman Catholic church for securing a one-party state. This included not only the suppression of any political opposition, but also the suppression of any criticism of the government in the press. In Singapore under Lee, almost all of the domestic news media were owned by the government, and all foreign news media were subject to strict regulation.
Handbook of Japanese Mythology
Authors: Ashkenazi Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Japanese gods, too numerous to count, are known collectively as yaoyorozu-no-kamigami--the eight million. They are the cast of a vast, complex mythology that encompasses two religions, three cultures, and three millennia, one whose ancient deities are still hard at work today. Handbook of Japanese Mythology makes it easy to travel this vast yet little-known mythological landscape. The book reveals the origins of Japan’s myths in the very different realms of Buddhism, Shinto, and folklore, and explores related mythologies of the Ainu and Okinawan cultures and recent myths arising from Japan’s encounters with modernization. It then offers vivid retellings of the central Shinto and Buddhist myths, plus descriptions of major historical figures, icons, rituals, and events. For students or long-time enthusiasts, it is the ideal guide for investigating Japanese reverence for the sun, the imperial family, and the virtues of purity and loyalty. Readers will also learn why sumo wrestlers stomp before each match, how a fussy baby creates thunder, why Japan has a god for soccer, and much more.
Mythic Time and Space
Authors: Ashkenazi Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The two dominant mythical timelines of Japanese thought, from Buddhism and from Shintō, are radically different in their origins as well as their beginnings, but they converge and eventually meld into a single progression centering on Japan and the Japanese people. One reason, perhaps, why the Japanese had no difficulty in reconciling Shintō and Buddhist myths is that each of these mythical traditions leaves large sections of the account blank, or at best, sketched in rather perfunctorily, so that it can be “filled in” by the other.
The Shintō mythical timeline can be divided into four eras. The first is the mythical era of the heavenly and earthly kami. This is the time for the creation of the heavens and earth, and for their population and organizing. The end of this era sees the earth created in all its aspects, and the earth kami subdued by the proper authority of the heavenly kami. The second era is that of the emperors. It details the lives of the emperors and their rule from the earliest and most mythical to the historical. The third era, of heroes, deals with the activities of a string of powerful warriors and heroes, many with a grain of historical fact. Some of the heroes fought to extend the imperial reign, and others fought for their kin and clan.
Using a Spatial Modeling Approach to Explore Ecological Factors Relevant to the Persistence of an Estuarine Fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in a PCB-Contaminated Estuary
Authors: Nacci Diane E , Walters Steven , Gleason T , Munns W R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although population (or any ecological) models do not reflect ecological realism completely, they provide an opportunity to systematically explore biological and ecological factors that affect population vitality, condition, or persistence. Their role in ecological risk assessment is further developed in this application of RAMAS GIS where models and data from a series of research studies were used to generate spatial projections reflecting effects of short-term or chronic, multigenerational exposure to toxic pollutants on resident fish populations. Specifically, real and simulated site-specific genetic, demographic, and toxicological information was incorporated into spatial population projections to explore the potential contributions to population persistence of a) connectivity among subpopulations (e.g., source–sink dynamics), and b) adaptive demographic variation among subpopulations. Populations of a small, nonmigratory flsh species, Fundulus heteroclitus (mum-michogs), resident to a highly contaminated estuary are being studied to improve predictions of population-level effects associated with exposures to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs), including the most toxic polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners.
Endocrine Disruption in Eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) on the Swedish Baltic Coast: Population-Level Effects of Male-Biased Broods
Authors: Hanson Niklas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Humans are, and have always been, dependent on the earth’s ecosystems. As the human population grows, the needs for ecosystems services (e.g., food production) increase. However, the growth of the human population in combination with increased per capita consumption has also led to large-scale degradation of ecosystems (Vitousek et al. 1997; Hughes and Tanner 2000; Tilman and Lehman 2001; Myers and Worm 2003; Penn 2003). The release of environmental toxicants is closely linked to the consumption of resources and has historically had severe effects on several ecosystem services, for example, restrictions on the consumption of fish from polluted waters. Besides health effects on humans, there is also the risk of a decline, or even extinction, of important species. Ever since the publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring in 1962, environmental toxicants have been on the political agenda. With increasing knowledge of environmental effects, restrictions and bans have been applied to some of the most examined toxicants, for example, DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls).
Muslims in Post-Independence India
Authors: Wilkinson Steven I 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Many observers think that the outlook for India’s 13 percent Muslim minority is bleak. The Congress Party, the post-independence guarantor of secularism and minority rights, has been losing power in India’s state assemblies since the 1960s, to a host of different ethnic and regional parties. In the late 1980s and 1990s, the party’s grip on power at the national level was shaken by two different political movements: one based around middle-caste and lower-caste interests, and the other around an aggressively anti-minority Hindu nationalism. In the 1999 parliamentary (Lok Sabha) elections, one of these movements, in the shape of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), finally won enough seats to form a stable coalition in New Delhi.
Islam in China
Authors: Armijo Jacqueline 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although there have been Muslims in China since the time of the Prophet Mohammad, few people today are aware of China’s large Muslim population and their complex history of survival living among a people and culture renowned for their ability to absorb and assimilate outsiders. Over the centuries, the Muslim population evolved from a small settlement of Persian and Arab traders along the southeast coast of China to a large and diverse population scattered throughout the country. Muslims in China today represent China’s most geographically dispersed minority groups, as well as the most urbanized and the most integrated into all walks of life.
A Church of Immigrants
Authors: Erickson John H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By the 1860s Orthodoxy had become a significant part of the culture of the native peoples of Alaska, but in the mainland United States it had made very little impact. Consular officials, shipping agents, and merchants from Greece and Russia provided an Orthodox presence in a handful of port cities, but organized church life was only beginning. Orthodoxy seemed destined to remain on the fringes of American life. Within a few decades, however, this situation changed dramatically. Beginning in the late 1880s, a growing tide of immigration from Eastern Europe, the Balkans, and the Middle East made Orthodoxy one of the fastest-growing faiths in America. One of the first Orthodox parishes in the continental United States was organized in New Orleans in 1864 by a group of Greek cotton traders under the direction of Nicholas Benakis, the local consul of the kingdom of Greece.
New World Faiths
Authors: Butler Jon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Many people believe that the piety of the Pilgrims typified early American religion. However, by the 1730s Catholics, Jews, and Africans had joined Native Americans, Puritans, and numerous other Protestants in the colonies. Jon Butler launches his narrative with a description of the state of religious affairs in both the Old and New Worlds. He explores the failure of John Winthrop's goal to achieve Puritan perfection, the controversy over Anne Hutchinson's tenacious faith, the evangelizing stamina of ex-slave and Methodist preacher Absalom Jones, and the spiritual resilience of the Catawba Indians. The meeting of these diverse groups and their varied use of music, dance, and ritual produced an unprecedented evolution of religious practice, including the birth of revivals. And through their daily interactions, these Americans created a living foundation for the First Amendment. After Independence their active diversity of faiths led Americans to the groundbreaking idea that government should abandon the use of law to support any religious group and should instead guarantee free exercise of religion for everyone.
Buddhists, Hindus, And Sikhs In America
Authors: Mann Gurinder Singh , Numrich Paul David , Williams Raymond B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Buddhists, Hindus, and Sikhs in America explores the challenges that Asian immigrants face when their religion--and consequently culture--is "remade in the U.S.A." Peppered with stories of individual people and how they actually live their religion, this informative book gives an overview of each religion's beliefs, a short history of immigration--and discrimination--for each group, and how immigrants have adapted their religious beliefs since they arrived. Along the way, the roles of men and women, views toward dating and marriage, the relationship to the homeland, the "brain drain" from Asia of scientists, engineers, physicians, and other professionals, and American offshoots of Asian religions, such as the Hare Krishnas and Transcendental Meditation (TM), are discussed.
American Sikhism Evolves
Authors: Mann Gurinder Singh , Numrich Paul David , Williams Raymond B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sikhs in the United States are deeply aware that they live in a country whose culture they did not create. Conflict between the wearing of Sikh symbols and the law of the land reminds them constantly of this reality. Such conflicts date from the first days of immigrationin the early 191Os, a Sikh named Veer Singh was denied citizenship because he “refused to doff his turban” while taking the oath of citizenship. Sikhs were permitted to join the U.S. army with their turbans and fight in World War I, but more recently they have been barred from joining the army on those grounds, although a lawsuit in Chicago is currently testing that prohibition. Similarly, Sikhs have suffered discrimination and have even been dismissed from their jobs for refusing to remove their turbans and wear the caps or hard hats assigned to postal or construction workers.
Catholics in the New World
Authors: Fisher James T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On April 14, 1528, a band of 400 Spanish explorers in fourships made landfall on the west coast of Florida, in a bay not far from the present-day city of Sarasota. The expedition was led by red-bearded Panfilo de Narvaez, a one eyed former governor of Cuba. His second in command was 37-year-old Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, a veteran of several military campaigns on behalf of the Holy Roman Empire and the heir to a family with large landholdings near the southern Spanish coastal city of Cadiz. After being deposed as governor of Paraguay, Cabeza de Vaca would return in chains to Cadiz in 1543, the same port to which Christopher Columbus, the devoutly Catholic explorer from Genoa, had returned bound in irons following his third voyage to the New World, in 1500. Cabeza de Vaca, like Columbus, was subject to the whims of his sponsors and the resentments of his subordinates. His setbacks, however, could not diminish the magnitude of his achievement as the first European to travel across the North American continent, from Florida to the Gulf of California.
Introduction
Authors: Barton John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The great figures of any nation’s history may be important for either of two reasons: for what they do, or for what they are afterwards thought to have done. Historians of ancient Israel have commonly been interested in figures of the first kind. Studies of the origins of Israel used to be concerned with the identity and character of Moses or of the patriarchs; nowadays they are more likely to concentrate on the nameless groups that constituted the ‘tribes of Yahweh’ from which the nation may have taken its origins: but in either case the concern is with those who, not simply in name but in historical reality, made Israel what it was.
The Prophets m the Canon
Authors: Barton John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Biblical scholars sometimes lament that for all their labours over the last hundred years and more, people still read the Bible in just the same way as they did before critical study began. Sometimes, indeed, this dejection lowers their confidence to such an extent that they begin to ask whether biblical criticism was a mistake in the first place. The study of the prophets, however, can be claimed as one of the success stories in the history of the critical study of the Bible. Within the mainstream of Christian thought in the West, ‘prophecy’ has come to mean something very close to what it means in critical Old Testament scholarship.
Modes of Reading the Prophets
Authors: Barton John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How does a critical reading of the Bible differ from pre-critical or non-critical readings? Many possibilities suggest themselves: an ability to question the accuracy of the text, an eye for inconsistencies, a concern for a book’s original, historical setting, and so on. No doubt there is some truth in most such proposals. It seems to me, however, that one of the most crucial distinguishing marks of a critical approach to the Bible - or, indeed, to any book - is some attention to the genre of texts. Reading the Bible critically means knowing what kind of literature particular portions of the text are, and therefore what sort of question it makes sense to ask of it.
Prophetic Foreknowledge of the Present Day
Authors: Barton John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The prophets who prophesied of the grace that was to be yours searched and inquired about this salvation; they inquired what person or time was indicated by the Spirit of Christ within them when predicting the sufferings of Christ and the subsequent glory. It was revealed to them that they were sen-ing not themselves but you, in the things which have now been announced to you by those who preached the good news to you through the Holy Spirit sent from heaven, things into which angels long to look (l Peter l:I0-12).
The Prophet as Theologian and Mystic
Authors: Barton John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is not a great step from being interested in the history of Israel, past and future, because it manifests the consistency of God’s purposes, to treating particular events within it as examples of how God acts in any and every circumstance. Once attention has been concentrated more on the theological meaning of the historical process than on the details of particular episodes within it, it becomes natural to read history as an illustration of principles that in themselves are timeless, rather than to be greatly concerned with the particularity of specific events.
Introduction
Authors: Scheidel Walter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The “History of the Later Han Dynasty” reports the customs of Da Qin, or “Greater China,” a distant realm near the western ends of the earth. Its inhabitants were tall and shaved their heads, wore embroidered clothes, and planted silkworm mulberry trees. Their ruler occupied five palaces whose columns were made of crystal glass. Wary of natural disasters that would require him to step down and be replaced by someone else, he was known to honor this convention without complaint. That these features bear no discernible resemblance to the Roman Empire as we know it may well have something to do with the fact that access to this remote place was inconveniently blocked by “many lions and ferocious tigers which intercept and harm travelers: if the party does not include over a hundred men furnished with arms, they are invariably devoured.” Roman observers faced a similar predicament: for them, the easternmost reaches of Asia were “not easy of access; few men come from there, and seldom.” This made it difficult to visit the Seers or “Silk-People,” atheists who lived for more than two hundred years, occupied themselves with scraping silk from trees, were fierce and warlike as well as gentle and peaceful, sported blue eyes and flaxen hair, and never talked to strangers.
Eunuchs, Women, and Imperial Courts
Authors: Dettenhofer Maria H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Eunuchs have gained a secure place in ancient Chinese as well as ancient European history. Moreover, they seem to be a phenomenon that is not restricted to the ancient world or, for that matter, to any geographic or cultural region in particular. Many societies knew them and made use of them throughout the centuries. Many examples are to be found in China, India, Persia, Arabian culture, the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, and Russia: eunuchs are a common anthropological feature.
Commanding and Consuming the World
Authors: Bang Peter Fibiger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter is about tribute and trade, empire, and markets. This is a set of issues that Roman and Chinese history not only have in common but also present as one of the great challenges to economic history. The core of the matter is contained in the excerpt above from a speech by the Greco-Roman orator, Die Chrysostom us. There is nothing original or exceptional in his way of reasoning. The contents reflect stock themes of ancient moral and political philosophy. This is precisely why it lays bare what I shall refer to as the “paradox of agrarian empire” with such particular clarity. In the quotation we encounter Dio Chrysostomus thundering against the corrupting influences of foreign trade on the character of the Roman conquerors. Imports of foreign rarities and luxuries are described as undermining the moral strength of the imperial people. They place Rome in a position of servile dependence on her inferiors that amounts to a voluntary submission to the payment of a degrading tribute to barbarian peoples.
Mycenaean Memory And Bronze Age Lament
Authors: Burke Brendan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ritual lament in the ancient Greek world, as it is primarily understood through epic poetry and Athenian tragedy, was a controlled, performative act of memory and mourning. In contrast to the Hittite material discussed by Rutherford (chapter 3), Greek prehistory, or the Aegean Bronze Age, has not left us any literature from which we can reconstruct belief systems about death and lament. We do, however, have a great deal of archaeological evidence for how the Mycenaeans buried their dead, beginning with the great Shaft Graves of Mycenae, dating to the early Mycenaean period, and continuing into the postdestruction phase of the Bronze Age, with the famous Warrior Vase from Mycenae.
A Place at the Table
Authors: D'Elia John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
George Eldon Ladd was a pivotal figure in the resurgence of evangelical scholarship in America during the years after the Second World War. Ladd's career as a biblical scholar can be seen as a quest to rehabilitate evangelical thought both in content and image, a task he pursued at great personal cost. Best known for his work on the doctrine of the Kingdom of God, Ladd moved from critiquing his own movement to engaging many of the important theological and exegetical issues of his day. Ladd was a strong critic of dispensationalism, the dominant theological system in conservative evangelicalism and fundamentalism, challenging what he perceived to be its anti-intellectualism and uncritical approach to the Bible. In his impressive career at Fuller Theological Seminary, Ladd participated in scholarly debates on the relationship between faith and historical understanding, arguing that modern critical methodologies need not preclude orthodox Christian belief. Ladd also engaged the thought of Rudolf Bultmann, the dominant theological figure of his day. Ladd's main focus, however, was to create a work of scholarship from an evangelical perspective that the broader academic world would accept. When he was unsuccessful in this effort he descended into depression, bitterness and alcoholism. But Ladd played an important part in opening doors for later generations of evangelical scholars, both by validating and using critical methods in his own scholarly work, and also by entering into dialogue with theologians and theologies outside the evangelical world. It is a central theme of this book that Ladd's achievement, at least in part, can be measured in the number of evangelical scholars who are today active participants in academic life across a broad range of disciplines.