bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Biological Function of POLA2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Zhen , Shen Xingyuan , Wang Zhihuai , Li Renzhi , Hou Wenqiang , Liu Zengyuan , Gao Yuan , Zhu Chunfu , Qin Xihu 
Published: October 2023

Introduction::
The role and prognostic value of POLA2 in liver cancer were comprehensively
analyzed through TCGA, GEO, and ICGC databases, and the role of POLA2 in liver
cancer cells and the regulatory mechanism involved were further verified through cell experiments.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent malignancy with high morbidity
and mortality. Consequently, it is critical to identify robust and reliable predictive biomarkers
and therapeutic targets for HCC patients. POLA2 is involved in the regulation of various tumors,
but the specific role of POLA2 in HCC has not been reported. The regulatory role and prognostic
value of POLA2 in HCC were determined by bioinformatics techniques and cell experiments.

Method::
The specific role and prognostic value of POLA2 in HCC were comprehensively analyzed
by combining the expression data of POLA2 in TCGA, GEO, and ICGC databases and
clinical data. In clinical samples, the expression of POLA2 in liver cancer was verified by
QPCR. Further, the regulatory role of POLA2 in HCC was explored through cell experiments
such as CCK-8, clonal formation experiment, EDU cell proliferation experiment, and flow cytometry.
In terms of mechanism exploration, western blot was used to verify the specific regulatory
mechanism that POLA2 participated in. Finally, the relationship between POLA2 and immune
invasion of HCC was analyzed by using the TIMER database.

Result::
A POLA2 expression and prognosis analysis of HCC patients was conducted using the
TCGA, GEO, and ICGC databases. We hypothesized that POLA2 might be one of the key factors
contributing to the HCC progression. According to a combined analysis of TCGA, ICGC,
and GEO databases, POLA2 was highly expressed in HCC. This was further confirmed in clinical
samples using the qPCR. POLA2 knockdown was also performed in vitro on HCC cell lines
to study the changes in their biological behavior. We confirmed that POLA2 was associated with
HCC proliferation by CCK-8, Colony Formation, and EDU assay. We verified the POLA2's involvement
in cell cycle regulation using flow techniques. The relationship between POLA2 and
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was explored using Western Blotting experiments regarding its
mechanism. Further analysis revealed that the POLA2 expression was significantly associated
with HCC immune infiltration.

Conclusion::
Our study demonstrated POLA2's importance in HCC development and progression
and its potential role as a biomarker for disease progression on multiple levels. POLA2 has
an important role in regulating the cell cycle and cell proliferation. By interfering with the cell
cycle and proliferation, HCC cell growth is inhibited. Furthermore, POLA2 expression was significantly
associated with immune infiltration. POLA2 may play a role in HCC immunotherapy
based on its correlation with several immune cell types' genetic markers. The findings of this
study are expected to lead to new anticancer strategies for HCC.
Cortisol as a Target for Treating Mental Disorders: A Promising Avenue
for Therapy
Authors: Patel Vijay K , Vaishnaw Aayush , Shirbhate Ekta , Kore Rakesh , Singh Vaibhav , Veerasamy Ravichandran , Rajak Harish 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Cortisol, commonly known as the "stress hormone," plays a critical role in the body's response
to stress. Elevated cortisol levels have been associated with various mental disorders, including
anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Consequently, researchers have explored
cortisol modulation as a promising avenue for treating these conditions. However, the availability of
research on cortisol as a therapeutic option for mental disorders is limited, and existing studies employ
diverse methodologies and outcome measures. This review article aimed to provide insights
into different treatment approaches, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, which can effectively
modulate cortisol levels. Pharmacological interventions involve the use of substances, such
as somatostatin analogs, dopamine agonists, corticotropin-releasing hormone antagonists, and cortisol
synthesis inhibitors. Additionally, non-pharmacological techniques, including cognitivebehavioral
therapy, herbs and supplements, transcranial magnetic stimulation, lifestyle changes, and
surgery, have been investigated to reduce cortisol levels. The emerging evidence suggests that cortisol
modulation could be a promising treatment option for mental disorders. However, more research
is needed to fully understand the effectiveness and safety of these therapies.
The Protective Effect of Curcumin Against Cardiotoxic Effects
Induced by Chronic Exposure to Chlorpyrifos
Authors: Abdollahi-Karizno Mahdi , Chahkandi Mahbobeh , Rajabi Shahnaz , Roshanravan Babak , Jafari-Nozad Amir Masoud , Aschner Michael , Samargahndian Saeed , Farkhondeh Tahereh 
Published: October 2023

Aims::
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rat
heart tissue and the effect of Curcumin (Cur) on cardiac enzymes, oxidative indices,
and histopathological changes in the cardiac tissue.

Background::
CPF, the most used organophosphorus pesticide (OP), has been
reported to induce cardiotoxic effects.

Objective::
The cardioprotective effects of Cur against CPF-induced toxicity have not
been entirely investigated till now.

Method::
Forty male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups (n=8). C group
(Control animals that received olive oil), CPF group (10 mg/kg/day), CPF + Cur 25,
CPF + Cur 50, and CPF + Cur 100 groups (animals received 10 mg/kg/day CPF and
25, 50, and 100 mg/kg Cur, respectively). All treatments were administered via oral
gavage for 90 days. Cardiac enzymes (LDH & CPK) and oxidative stress (OS)
biomarkers in heart tissue (malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase) were
measured. Histopathological changes in the heart tissue were also evaluated.

Result::
Chronic exposure to CPF significantly increased cardiac enzyme levels and
OS biomarkers. Histological changes were found, including disorganization of the
cardiac muscle fibers with disorganization and degeneration in myocardial fibers with
separation of myofibrils and cytoplasmic vacuolization of cardiac muscle fibers.
Administration of Cur (100 mg/kg) reversed serum LDH concentration and OS
biomarkers to normal levels in CPF-exposed animals (p < 0.05) and significantly
improved cardiac damage.

Conclusion::
According to the results of this study, Cur can reduce the adverse
effects of long-term exposure to CPF in rat heart tissue by modulating OS.
Antiviral Effects and Mechanisms of Green Tea Catechins on Influenza: A
Perception on Combating Symptoms from COVID-19
Authors: Man Gene Chi Wai , Zheng Xu , Hung Sze Wan , Chan Loucia Kit Ying , Zhang Tao , Chen Xiaoyan , Chu Kai On , Huen Ian Chung Yuen , Lui Darren Wang Yip , Wong Alfred Ding , Wang Chi Chiu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Over the centuries, influenza and its associated epidemics have been a serious public
health problem. Although vaccination and medications (such as neuraminidase inhibitors) are the
mainstay of pharmacological approaches to prevent and treat influenza, however, frequent mutations
in the influenza genome often result in treatment failure and resistance to standard medications
which limit their effectiveness. In recent years, green tea catechins have been evaluated as
potential anti-influenza agents. Herein, in this review, we highlighted the effects and mechanisms
underlying the inhibitory effects of epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant ingredient
in green tea, against different influenza viral infections, and their clinical benefits toward prevention
and treatment. In addition, as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-
2) causes the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, our review also delineates the current perspective
on SARS-CoV-2 and future insights as to the potential application of EGCG on suppressing
the flu-like symptoms caused by COVID-19.
Nutritional Profile, GC-MS Analysis and In-silico Anti-diabetic Phytocompounds
Candidature of Jatropha gossypifolia Leaf Extracts
Authors: Awote Olasunkanmi Kayode , Kanmodi Rahmon Ilesanmi , Ebube Success Chidera , Abdulganniyyu Zainab Folashade 
Published: October 2023

Background::
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder known to impair many
physiological functions via reactive oxygen species (ROS). Aldose reductase, Sorbitol dehydrogenase,
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV, α-amylase and α-glucosidase are pharmacotherapeutic protein targets
in type-2 diabetes. Inhibitors of these enzymes constitute a new class of drugs used in the treatment
and management of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Some reports claim that medicinal plant extracts used
as food (antioxidant source) can reduce these alterations by eliminating ROS caused by DM. Ethnobotanical
survey claims Jatropha gossypifolia commonly called “fig-nut” and “Lapa-lapa” in the
Yoruba land of South-western Nigeria, to be used for the treatment and management of diabetes, in
addition to its nutritive value.

Objective::
The nutritional composition and in-silico antidiabetic potential of the bioactive constituents
of J. gossypifolia leaf extracts were investigated.

Methods::
Proximate, minerals and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis were
carried out using standard procedures. Phytocompounds present in J. gossypifolia methanol (JGM)
and ethyl acetate (JGE) leaf extracts were tested as potential antagonists of selected protein targets
via in-silico techniques. Drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity of the promising
docked ligands were also predicted.

Results::
The proximate and mineral analysis revealed good nutritional composition and mineral
content. Moreso, cyclo-pentadecane and dibutyl phthalate from methanol extract, and benzene-
1,2,4,5-tetramethyl, benzene-1,2,3,5-tetramethyl, and benzene-1,3-dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl) from
ethyl acetate extract were present in J. gossypifolia leaf which exhibited better binding affinity than
the clinically prescribed standard, metformin.

Conclusion::
Benzene-1,2,4,5-tetramethyl from JGE extracts exhibited the most promising antidiabetic
potential in-silico, suggesting its candidature as diabetes-target-protein inhibitor which may be
developed for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus.
From Gut to Glucose: A Comprehensive Review on Functional Foods and
Dietary Interventions for Diabetes Management
Authors: Patel Nirali , Dinesh Susha , Sharma Sameer 
Published: October 2023

Background::
In the realm of diabetes research, considerable attention has been
directed toward elucidating the intricate interplay between the gastrointestinal tract and glucose
regulation. The gastrointestinal tract, once exclusively considered for its role in digestion and
nutrient assimilation, is presently acknowledged as a multifaceted ecosystem with regulatory
supremacy over metabolic homeostasis and glucose metabolism. Recent studies indicate that
alterations in the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota could potentially influence
the regulation of glucose levels and glucose homeostasis in the body. Dysbiosis, characterized
by perturbations in the equilibrium of gut microbial constituents, has been irrevocably linked to
an augmented risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, research has revealed the potential
influence of the gut microbiota on important factors, like inflammation and insulin sensitivity,
which are key contributors to the onset and progression of diabetes. The key protagonists
implicated in the regulation of glucose encompass the gut bacteria, gut barrier integrity, and the
gut-brain axis. A viable approach to enhance glycemic control while concurrently mitigating the
burden of comorbidities associated with diabetes resides in the strategic manipulation of the gut
environment through adapted dietary practices.

Objective::
This review aimed to provide a deep understanding of the complex relationship
between gut health, glucose metabolism, and diabetes treatment.

Conclusion::
This study has presented an exhaustive overview of dietary therapies and
functional foods that have undergone extensive research to explore their potential advantages in
the management of diabetes. It looks into the role of gut health in glucose regulation, discusses
the impact of different dietary elements on the course of diabetes, and evaluates how well
functional foods can help with glycemic control. Furthermore, it investigates the mechanistic
aspects of these therapies, including their influence on insulin sensitivity, β-cell activity, and
inflammation. It deliberates on the limitations and potential prospects associated with
integrating functional foods into personalized approaches to diabetes care.
A Prerequisite for need of Harmonized Nutrient Reference Values & its
Standardized Terminology for Better access of Nutritional Supplements
Globally
Authors: Bhatt Mayank , Patel Shreyansh , Tank Sampann , Soni Navdha , Shah Jignesh , Maheshwari Dilip 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
To reduce the risk of insufficient nutrient intake, nutrient reference values for humans
are set at the average nutrient need level without a safety margin. The vast majority of nations and
areas in the globe set nutritional intake guidelines for their citizens. Currently, no harmonized nutrient
reference value has been published, as well as the development of standards cannot be
achieved through the use of formalized frameworks or terminology. The study's objective was to
create recommendations for appropriate and secure micronutrient intake ranges that could be used
to inform dietary advice. As relevant to the study, we examined micronutrient data from food intake
surveys from representative nations. The comparison of national standards illustrates that the
level of reference values for nutrient for individual countries is dependent on variables such as
methodology, data sources, physical activity exemptions, standard body weights, and age range.
In the current study, iron, calcium, magnesium, vitamin A, B12, D and folate were identified as
the most commonly under-consumed micronutrients. In this article, the level of six countries' standards
are compared to the current reference values for nutrients. Further, numerous words for different
dietary standards components are discussed, and a final set of harmonized reference nutrient
intake for the dietary advice is provided.
Fetal Aortic and Umbilical Doppler Flow Velocity Waveforms in
Pregnancy: The Concept of Aortoumbilical Column
Authors: Ana Beatriz De Almeida , Ana Rita Morais , Miguel Ferreira , Ana Rita Gaio , Luís Guedes-Martins 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Low impedance within the uteroplacental circulation is crucial for fetal development.
Flow velocity waveforms (FVW) have been established for the aortic and umbilical arteries in
low-risk pregnancies during the second half of pregnancy, but data regarding early gestation is
limited. Both vascular territories exhibit higher impedance patterns in pregnancies complicated
by fetal growth restriction (FGR), hypertensive disorders, fetal anemia, and chromosomal abnormalities.
Early identification of these complications is critical in obstetric practice, to reduce
perinatal morbidity and mortality through prevention and close antenatal surveillance. Available
data suggest that aortic and umbilical impedances follow the same variation pattern as pregnancy
progresses. This observation implies that both vessels may be considered as a single artery, referred
to as the “aortoumbilical column”. Our hypothesis posits that changes in the hemodynamic
pattern of this column could identify high-risk pregnancies, particularly those complicated by
preeclampsia, FGR, intrauterine fetal demise, fetal aneuploidies, and fetal anemia. Understanding
vascular embryogenesis and the FVWs of the aortic and umbilical arteries enables comprehension
of impedance changes throughout normal pregnancies. The continuous variation in impedance
along a single vessel supports our concept of the aortoumbilical column. Deviations
from the regular pattern could assist in identifying compromised fetuses during early pregnancy.
Further research on normal aortoumbilical column FVW and the development of reference charts
is necessary to consider this arterial column as a screening tool in clinical practice.
Chest CT Image based Lung Disease Classification – A Review
Authors: Kondamuri Shri Ramtej , Thadikemalla Venkata Sainath Gupta , Suryanarayana Gunnam , Karthik Chandran , Reddy Vanga Siva , Sahithi V. Bhuvana , Anitha Y. , Yogitha V. , Valli P. Reshma 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Computed tomography (CT) scans are widely used to diagnose lung conditions due to their ability to provide a detailed overview of the body's
respiratory system. Despite its popularity, visual examination of CT scan images can lead to misinterpretations that impede a timely diagnosis.
Utilizing technology to evaluate images for disease detection is also a challenge. As a result, there is a significant demand for more advanced
systems that can accurately classify lung diseases from CT scan images. In this work, we provide an extensive analysis of different approaches and
their performances that can help young researchers to build more advanced systems. First, we briefly introduce diagnosis and treatment procedures
for various lung diseases. Then, a brief description of existing methods used for the classification of lung diseases is presented. Later, an overview
of the general procedures for lung disease classification using machine learning (ML) is provided. Furthermore, an overview of recent progress in
ML-based classification of lung diseases is provided. Finally, existing challenges in ML techniques are presented. It is concluded that deep
learning techniques have revolutionized the early identification of lung disorders. We expect that this work will equip medical professionals with
the awareness they require in order to recognize and classify certain medical disorders.
Recent Progress in the Composites of Perovskite Nanocrystals and II-VI
Quantum Dots: Their Synthesis, Applications, and Prospects
Authors: Wu Qiaoyun , Hu Rongrong , Yang Bobo , Peng Wenfang , Shi Mingming , Li Yuefeng , Cheng Lin , Liang Pan , Zou Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
The remarkable photoelectric characteristics of perovskite nanocrystals (NCs), including
high fault tolerance, tunable photoluminescence (PL) emission, and high carrier mobility,
contribute to making them especially attractive for photonic and optoelectronic applications.
Unfortunately, the poor environmental thermal and light stability set obstacles to their industrial
applications. Over the past 40 years, II-VI semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have achieved
many important photophysics findings and optoelectronic applications. Compared with perovskite
NCs, II-VI semiconductor QDs still have a relatively weaker molar absorbance coefficient.
Whereas, significant enhancement of both the stability and the optical performance of the composites
of perovskite NCs and II-VI QDs are of interest for photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices.
The composites of perovskite NCs and II-VI QDs come in two primary types: core/shell
structures and heterojunction structures. To better understand the composites of perovskite NCs
and II-VI QDs, the approaches of synthesis methods, their optoelectronic properties, carrier dynamics
and potential applications in solar cells, light emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors
are summarized. Furthermore, the unmet problems and the potential applications are also presented.
GDF15 Interference Regulates Proliferation, Inflammation, and Autophagy
of Lipopolysaccharide-induced Mesangial Cells by Inhibiting PI3K/
AKT/mTOR Signaling
Authors: Chen Zhen , Gao Liping , Li Cailing , Sun Wenzhu 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is a primary glomerular disease. As
a circulating protein, growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) participates in a variety of
biological processes.

Objective:
We aimed to investigate the role of GDF15 in CGN.

Methods:
HBZY-1 cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell viability was detected
using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and a western blot was applied for the detection of
GDF15 protein expression. After GDF15 silencing, cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8
assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) kits were used to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Autophagy was assessed
by GFP-LC3B assay. Besides, the expression of NF-κB signaling-, autophagy- (LC3II/I, Beclin
l and p62) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of
rapamycin (mTOR) signaling-related proteins were measured by western blot. Afterwards,
PI3K agonist 740Y-P was used to clarify whether GDF15 affected LPS-induced HBZY-1 cells
via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.

Results:
LPS induction increased cell viability and elevated GDF15 expression in HBZY-1
cells. After GDF15 expression depletion, the increased proliferation of LPS-induced HBZY-1
cells was decreased. Additionally, GDF15 knockdown suppressed the release of inflammatory
factors in LPS-induced HBZY-1 cells and activated autophagy. Moreover, the PI3K/AKT/
mTOR signal was evidenced to be activated by GDF15 deficiency. The further addition of
740Y-P reversed the impacts of GDF15 deficiency on the proliferation, inflammation, and autophagy
of LPS-induced HBZY-1

Conclusion:
Collectively, GDF15 downregulation could protect against CGN via blocking
PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
Meta-analysis of the Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and
Renal Cancer Risk
Authors: Wang Yingxin , Cao Ying , Zhu Chenchen 
Published: October 2023

Objective::
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between type 2 diabetes
mellitus and the risk of renal cancer.

Methods::
A search was carried out on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine
disc (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and other databases.
The search period was from 2000 to 2022. The two authors independently conducted literature
screening, extracted literature data, and then conducted a literature quality evaluation.
The type of study is a cohort study. Meta-analysis was carried out on the included literature
through Stata12.0 software, and the combined value was calculated with RR value and 95% confidence
interval. Subgroup analysis was carried out to explore the impact of different factors on
the overall results.

Results::
A total of 10 articles were included. Through cohort study, the meta-analysis on the risk
of type 2 diabetes and renal cancer showed that the combined effect value Risk Ratio (RR) =
1.57 with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) (1.36, 1.82) and P<0.05. The difference had a significant
impact, indicating that the risk of renal cancer in type 2 diabetes patients was 1.55 times
higher than that in non-type 2 diabetes patients. The subgroup analysis showed that the combined
effect value RR and 95% CI for men was 1.49 (1.26, 1.75), and the combined effect value
RR and 95% CI for women was 1.60 (1.35, 1.88), which was basically consistent.

Conclusion::
Type 2 diabetes can significantly increase the risk of renal cell carcinoma, and the
former is a risk factor for the latter. It is suggested that multi-center studies with larger sample
sizes should be conducted in the future, and adjustments should be made according to the type of
diabetes, the source of the study population, the pathological type of renal cell carcinoma, the
use of hypoglycemic drugs, and other factors, to provide a reliable basis for the study of the relationship
between diabetes and renal cell carcinoma. At present, the specific mechanism of diabetes
increasing the risk of renal cell carcinoma and whether diabetes increases mortality due to
renal cell carcinoma is still unclear and needs further research.