bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a PVA/PCL/CS-Based Nanofibrous Membrane for Guided Tissue Regeneration and Controlled Delivery of Doxycycline Hydrochloride in Management of Periodontitis: In Vivo Evaluation in Rats
Authors: Mirzaeei Shahla , Pourfarzi Shadman , Saeedi Morteza , Taghe Shiva , Nokhodchi Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAntibiotic administration is an adjacent therapy to guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in the management of periodontitis. This is due to the major role of pathogen biofilm in aggravating periodontal defects. This study aimed to fabricate a GTR membrane for sustained delivery of doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX) while having a space-maintaining function. The membranes were prepared using a polymeric blend of polycaprolactone/polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan by the electrospinning technique. The obtained membranes were characterized in terms of physicochemical and biological properties. Nanofibers showed a mean diameter in the submicron range of < 450 nm while having uniform randomly aligned morphology. The obtained membranes showed high strength and flexibility. A prolonged in vitro release profile during 68 h was observed for manufactured formulations. The prepared membranes showed a cell viability of > 70% at different DOX concentrations. The formulations possessed antimicrobial efficacy against common pathogens responsible for periodontitis. In vivo evaluation also showed prolonged release of DOX for 14 days. The histopathological evaluation confirmed the biocompatibility of the GTR membrane. In conclusion, the developed nanofibrous DOX-loaded GTR membranes may have beneficial characteristics in favour of both sustained antibiotic delivery and periodontal regeneration by space-maintaining function without causing any irritation and tissue damage.
Gender and Pathways to Leadership in Academic Anesthesiology: A Qualitative Content Analysis of US Chairpersons’ Curricula Vitae
Authors: Lane-Fall Meghan B. , Hastie Maya J. , Kleid Melanie , Yarabarla Varun , Miltiades Andrea N. , Wiener-Kronish Jeanine P. , Pian-Smith May C. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Women are underrepresented in medicine and academic anesthesiology, and especially in leadership positions. We sought to characterize career achievement milestones of female versus male academic anesthesiology chairs to understand possible gender-related differences in pathways to leadership.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective observational cross-sectional analysis. In November 2019, curricula vitae (CVs) were requested from then-current members of the US Association of Academic Anesthesiology Chairs. Data reflecting accomplishments up to the time of chair appointment were systematically extracted from CVs and analyzed using a mixed methods approach with qualitative content analysis supplemented by descriptive statistics and bivariate statistical testing. Missing data were not imputed.

RESULTS:
Seventy-two CVs were received from eligible individuals (response rate 67.3%). The respondent sample was 12.5% women (n = 9), 87.5% men (n = 63), and no transgender or nonbinary people; this is similar to the known gender balance in anesthesiology chairs in the United States. No statistically significant differences in objective markers of academic achievement at the time of chair appointment were evident for female versus male chairs, including time elapsed between the first faculty appointment and assumption of the chair role (median 25 vs 18 years, P = .06), number of publications at the time the chair was assumed (101 vs 69, P = .28), or proportion who had ever held a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant as principal investigator (44.4% vs 25.4%, 0.25). Four phenotypes of career paths were discernible in the data: the clinician-administrator, the educator, the investigator, and the well-rounded scholar; these did not differ by gender.

CONCLUSIONS:
Female chairpersons who were members of the Association of Academic Anesthesiology Chairs in the United States demonstrated similar patterns of academic achievement as compared to male chairpersons at the time the position of chair was assumed, suggesting that they were equally qualified for the role as compared to men. Four patterns of career achievements were evident in the chairperson group, suggesting multiple viable pathways to this leadership position.
Robotic-assisted cholecystectomy in the third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Marvelyn Iweh  , Seham Azzam  , Jocelin Loewen  , Christopher Wilhelm  , Nathan Kragh  , Basem Soliman  
Published: January 2024

Acute and chronic cholecystitis commonly occur during pregnancy. Hormonal changes during pregnancy put women at a higher risk of forming gallstones and biliary dyskinesia leading to disease. The standard of care for acute cholecystitis is to have an elective cholecystectomy within 48 hours. Extensive research exists on the current practice of performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy in pregnancy. Based on our review of the current literature, there is only one report that details a robotic cholecystectomy performed on a pregnant patient. This report will detail the methods used to perform the surgery and steps taken to ensure the safety of mother and fetus. It will describe the unique circumstances surrounding the robotic technique used in this case and include the demographics and background of this patient, in an effort to promote this technique in future cases.

Key words: obstetrics, acute cholecystitis, symptomatic cholelithiasis, pregnancy, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, robotic-assisted cholecystectomy
Fluid management based on renal function considerations
Authors: Motes Arunee , Nugent Kenneth , Pena Camilo 
Published: January 2024

Intravenous fluid administration is one of the most commonly used interventions in acutely ill patients. Almost all hospitalized patients receive intravenous fluids for either volume resuscitation or as diluents for drug administration. However, recent studies suggest that fluid overload is associated with acute kidney injury and that fluid administration beyond the volume needed to correct the fluid deficit is associated with increased morbidity, longer hospital stays, and mortality. The exact cause and effect underlying this association remains uncertain. Previous studies have reported a correlation between fluid overload and mortality in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute lung injury, sepsis, and acute kidney injury. In patients with acute kidney injury, a higher percentage of fluid overload has been associated with higher mortality and shorter ventilator-free days starting during the initial management in the intensive care unit. Similarly, in a large multicenter study, a positive fluid balance was an important factor associated with increased 60-day mortality in patients with acute kidney injury. This review analyzes the use of intravenous fluids and renal function, including types of intravenous fluid, cumulative fluid targets, endpoint hemodynamic indicators, and renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury.

Key words: volume status, intravenous fluids, fluid balance, acute kidney injury, volume excess
Mechanical power during mechanical ventilation
Authors: Nugent Kenneth , Berdine Gilbert 
Published: January 2024

Mechanical ventilation provides lifesaving support for patients with acute respiratory failure. However, the pressures and volumes required to maintain gas exchange can cause ventilator-induced lung injury. The current approach to mechanical ventilation involves attention to both tidal volume and airway pressures, in particular plateau pressures and driving pressures. The ventilator provides energy to overcome airway resistance and to inflate alveolar structures. This energy delivered to the respiratory system per unit time equals mechanical power. Calculation of mechanical power provides a composite number that integrates pressures, volumes, and respiratory rates. Increased levels of mechanical power have been associated with tissue injury in animal models. In patients, mechanical power can predict outcomes, such as ICU mortality, when used in multivariable analyses. Increases in mechanical power during the initial phase of ventilation have been associated with worse outcomes. Mechanical power calculations can be used in patients on noninvasive ventilation, and measurements of mechanical power have been used to compare ventilator modes. Calculation of mechanical power requires measurement of the area in a hysteresis loop. Alternatively, simplified formulas have been developed to provide this calculation. However, this information is not available on most ventilators. Therefore, clinicians will need to make this calculation. In summary, calculation of mechanical power provides an estimate of the energy requirements for mechanical ventilation based on a composite of factors, including airway resistance, lung elastance, respiratory rate, and tidal volume.

Key words: mechanical ventilation, mechanical power, ventilator-induced lung injury, energy, work
Onychocryptosis: A review of epidemiology, risk factors, classification, complications and effective therapeutic strategies.
Authors: Pawlik Paweł , Zaroda Przemysław , Dąda Paweł , Niewinna Patrycja , Żuchowski Michał , Mańdziuk Dominika , Kołodziej Klaudia , Kołodziej Wojciech , Wawrzkowicz Jakub , Korga Monika , Panuciak Kinga 
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Ingrown toenails, clinically known as onychocryptosis, represent a prevalent nail pathology. The clinical manifestation involves symptoms typical for a foreign body reaction and in severe cases, tissue hypertrophy with complications may occur. Key risk factors include improper nail care, trauma, obesity, tight footwear, poor foot hygiene, and genetic predisposition. The condition predominantly affects individuals between the first and the third decades of life and older adults, with a predilection for the great toe, especially the lateral skin fold. The Heifetz and Scholz classifications delineate the stages of ingrown toenails based on severity. Therapeutic approaches range from conservative procedures, such as taping, dental floss, gutter treatment, cotton nail cast, braces and super elastic wire to surgical interventions like partial or total nail avulsion, matricectomy and advanced techniques like the Vandebos procedure or the Winograd procedure. Although many studies have analysed available treatment methods, there is no consensus among specialists regarding the best therapeutic strategy. Complications include paronychia, infection, and scarring. A comprehensive therapeutic approach should consider clinical severity, patient preferences, and both conservative and surgical interventions, emphasizing the importance of larger randomized clinical trials to establish definitive guidelines.
Polarization-controlled Goos–Hänchen shift by weak value amplification in total internal reflection
Authors: Mandal Soumen , Das Akash , Pradhan Manik 
Published: January 2024

We report what we believe is the first experimental evidence of a
polarization-controlled Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift for a fundamental
Gaussian beam (633 nm) of arbitrary polarization in the
vicinity of the critical angle of incidence at the glass–air interface
employing a quantum weak measurement technique. Characteristics of the
GH shift with different polarization angles and angles of incidence
are demonstrated. The experimental findings are in good agreement with
the theoretical predictions. This study establishes the critical role
of the polarization states of incident light to obtain maximum
amplification of a spatial GH shift. We expect that our results may
open a pathway toward highly tunable GH shifts that can boost new
applications in the modern optical device industry.
Development of sarcoidosis after successful treatment of Cushing’s disease
Authors: Zakharova P. A. , Ilovayskaya I. A. , Terpigorev S. A. , Komerdus I. V. , Lugovskaya A. Yu. 
Published: January 2024

Cushing’s disease is a rare severe neuroendocrine disorder caused by chronic overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone by a pituitary tumor. Supraphysiological concentrations of cortisol in endogenous hypercortisolism have an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effect similar to therapy with systemic glucocorticosteroids. This may reduce the activity of the patient’s concomitant autoimmune inflammatory diseases. On the other hand, a decrease in cortisol levels during treatment for Cushing’s disease may be associated with a reactivation of the immune system that pose a risk of onset or recurrence of an autoimmune disorder. We present our own clinical case demonstrating the development of sarcoidosis after surgical treatment of Cushing’s disease.
Fredholm weighted composition operators between weighted lp
spaces: A simple process point of view
Authors: Cardona-Gutierrez Juan D. , Ramos Fernández Julio C. , Salas-Brown Margot 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper we analyze, from a mathematical point of view, a simple processes with input in

l
p

⁢

(
𝐫
)

{l^{p}(\mathbf{r})}

and output in

l
p

⁢

(
𝐬
)

{l^{p}(\mathbf{s})}

. We characterize the functions

u
:

ℕ
→
ℂ

{u:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{C}}

and

φ
:

ℕ
→
ℕ

{\varphi:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}}

which define weighted composition operators

W

φ
,
u

{W_{\varphi,u}}

having closed range when acting between two different weighted

l
p

{l^{p}}

spaces. We also analyze when this operator is upper or lower semi-Fredholm.
Ways of seeing and discourse strategies of naming the novel coronavirus in the US and Hong Kong
Authors: Li Neville Chi Hang , Lee Carmen , Jones Rodney H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The naming of the novel coronavirus was notably one of the most politically sensitive aspects of the pandemic. After former US President Donald Trump began using the term “Chinese Virus” in March 2020, partisans with different tribal affiliations in various countries and regions rushed to formulate arguments for and against using geographically marked and racially charged labels when referring to the virus. Informed by the principles of critical discourse analysis, this article analyses the naming of the virus in the US and Hong Kong, where similar practices of naming served the interests of very different political tribes and ideological agendas. It focuses on different aspects of meaning, i.e. analytic and synthetic, and the argumentation strategies various interpretive communities used to legitimize particular naming practices. It argues that it is not just certain practices of naming, but also certain practices of reasoning about names that comes to index different tribal loyalties.
The bidirectionality of epistemological theft and appropriation: contrastive rhetoric in China
Authors: Liu Lixin , You Xiaoye 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Postcolonial critiques of contrastive rhetoric (CR) have called our attention to epistemological theft and appropriation in the field of second language (L2) writing. Published in Anglophone venues in the Global North, these critiques reveal that early contrastive rhetoricians dispossessed non-Western people from their ownership over certain knowledges, methodologies, and practices by normalizing their language, fixing their culture, and speaking for them. These critiques have contributed to a decolonial reckoning in L2 writing. To understand how the reckoning has impacted L2 writing in the Global South, this paper examines CR scholarship published in Chinese-language venues. The study reveals that while Chinese scholars are not unfamiliar with the decolonial reckoning, they have continued to embrace the traditional CR framework. By doing so, they took part in the epistemological theft and appropriation by reenacting the appropriation of students’ writings and narratives and interpreting them in ways that fit Western knowledges and perspectives. Their acts of epistemological theft and appropriation include racializing Chinese students as inferior to White native speakers, portraying Chinese language and culture as static and inferior, and celebrating CR as a means to solving students’ problems in English writing. Chinese scholars’ acts were motivated by their national identity being defined in opposition to the West and the complicity of capitalism and nationalist discourse in China, a reality that poses challenges in decolonizing L2 writing.
Standardisation and harmonisation of thyroid-stimulating hormone measurements: historical, current, and future perspectives
Authors: Cowper Ben , Lyle Alicia N. , Vesper Hubert W. , Van Uytfanghe Katleen , Burns Chris 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is an important clinical marker in the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease. TSH measurements are reported in milli-International Units per Litre (mIU/L), traceable to a World Health Organisation (WHO) reference material. There is a wide variety of commercial immunoassays for TSH measurements available, which have historically been poorly harmonised due to a lack of commutability of the WHO reference materials with patient samples. This led to the recent development of a serum-based reference panel for TSH, traceable to the WHO reference material, available via the International Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC), aimed at harmonisation of TSH immunoassays. This report describes recent developments in the TSH reference system, including establishment of the 4th WHO International Standard for TSH, and aims to clarify the relationship between the available reference materials and their intended uses. This 4th WHO IS is widely available and defines the unit of TSH activity, therefore its continued existence is of paramount importance, however it continues to show a lack of commutability with patient in many TSH immunoassays. This makes the C-STFT TSH panel, albeit available in restricted numbers, a critical resource to ensure better TSH assay harmonisation.
The Common Language of Chemistry
Authors: Heydenrych Greta 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Every two years, IUPAC partners with one of our member associations to host chemists from all over the world and to organise the World Chemistry Congress. In the August 2023, I had the extraordinary privilege to attend IUPAC|CHAINS in The Hague, organized by the Royal Netherlands Chemical Society. The Congress was accompanied by the IUPAC General Assembly and Council Meeting, two key events on the IUPAC biennial calendar, and I was present at both for the very first time.
Global Partnerships Provide a Path to Sustainability
Authors: McConnell Laura L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sometimes one idea can change the course of your life. It happened for me in the Fall of my sophomore year at the College of Charleston. A lecture delivered by Dr. Frank Kinard, my professor and mentor at the College of Charleston, inspired me to pursue a career in environmental chemistry. Frank was a beloved professor at College of Charleston for 41 years who also served as secretary of the American Chemical Society Division of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology for 17 years. More importantly, he loved working with and mentoring students [1].
Decision support system to evaluate a vandalized and deteriorated oil pipeline transportation system using artificial intelligence techniques. Part 2: analysis of the operational and economic risk
Authors: Cid-Galiot Jonathan Josue , Aguilar-Lasserre Alberto Alfonso , Pastor Rodríguez-Jarquín José , Badillo-Márquez Alina Evelyn , Adam-Medina Manuel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The changing supply and demand of hydrocarbons in recent years, generated by inflation, pandemics, and wars, have impacted its price considerably, developing limitations in maintenance processes in the oil industry worldwide; however, the mechanical deterioration of facilities due to corrosion does not stop. This article contributes original to the knowledge and management of a pipeline transportation system (PTS) without an immediate high impact that would help reduce property loss due to corrosion through the development of intelligent evaluation models that combine field data, laboratory, and cognitive knowledge in a case study in Mexico. The research is divided into Part 1 (Modeling; https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2021-0080) and Part 2 (Operational and economic risk analysis of PTS under corrosive effects, using Monte Carlo simulation, MCS), supported by information and knowledge of 564 km of soils, from cathodic protection studies, essential to determine corrosive profiles of the PTS, considering supply and demand effects, with 1095 data on the price of the Mexican mixture from 2016 to 2019, as well as data monthly inflation rates for the same period, to generate financial estimates representative of the system, in search of replicable exchange actions and practices in international fields.
Exploring synthesis as a vital cognitive skill in complex clinical diagnosis
Authors: Wijayaratne Dilushi , Weeratunga Praveen , Jayasinghe Saroj 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Clinicians employ two main cognitive approaches for diagnoses, depending on their expertise. Novices typically use linear hypothetico-deductive methods, while experts rely more on intuitive pattern recognition. These closely correspond to System 1 and System 2 thinking described in behavioral economics. We propose that complex cases additionally require the cognitive skill of synthesis, to visualize and understand the connections between various elements. To illustrate the concept, we describe a 60-year-old individual with a 6 h history of chest pain, fever, cough, accompanying chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, COPD, thyrotoxicosis, and ischemic heart disease. Faced with such a scenario, a bedside approach adapted by clinicians is to generate a list of individual diagnoses or pathways of pathogenesis, and address them individually. For example, this cluster could include: smoking causing COPD, IHD leading to chest pain and heart failure, and thyrotoxicosis causing atrial fibrillation (AF). However, other interconnections across pathways could be considered: smoking contributing to IHD; COPD exacerbating heart failure; IHD and pneumonia triggering atrial fibrillation; thyrotoxicosis and AF, independently worsening heart failure; COPD causing hypoxemia and worsening ventricular function. The second cluster of explanation offers a richer network of relationships and connections across disorders and pathways of pathogenesis. This cognitive process of creatively identifying these relationships is synthesis, described in Bloom’s taxonomy of the cognitive domain. It is a crucial skill required for visualizing a comprehensive and holistic view of a patient. The concept of synthesis as a cognitive skill in clinical reasoning warrants further exploration.