bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Ganglion Cysts
Authors: Miskovsky Shana , Kaeding Christopher , Weis Lawrence , Pedroza Angela 
Published: April 2004

Objective Proximal tibiofibular joint proximal tibiofibular joint cysts are rare entities that can cause disability. Excision remains the traditional surgical treatment. Cyst recurrence has been a problem. This study reviews one of the largest series of patients with proximal tibiofibular joint cysts and evaluates the role of a new surgical option, proximal tibiofibular joint fusion. Methods Thirteen patients were admitted to the institution between 1987 and 1999. Diagnoses were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and histological examination. A database was compiled after medical record review. Patients completed a phone survey describing activity levels, symptom severity, recurrence history, and additional surgery. Average postoperative follow-up and average time to date of survey were 1.7 and 6.3 years, respectively. Results Patient complaints included lateral knee “fullness” (75%) and peroneal nerve dysesthesias (54%). Twelve patients opted for surgery: cyst excision (8) and cyst excision with proximal tibiofibular joint fusion (4). A recurrence rate of 13% (1 of 8) following primary excision was observed. A 100% (3 of 3) repeat recurrence rate was noted in second resections. Four patients underwent proximal tibiofibular joint fusion: 2 with a recurrence history and 2 for primary treatment. At follow-up, all fusion patients were without cyst recurrence or activity limitations. Procedure morbidity was minimal. Conclusions Proximal tibiofibular joint cysts can recur after simple excision. Repeat resection after a recurrence is often not effective. Proximal tibiofibular joint arthrodesis appears to be a more effective surgical option after a recurrence.
Surgical Correction of Internal Coxa Saltans
Authors: Hoskins Jeffrey S. , Burd Timothy A. , Allen William C. 
Published: April 2004

Purpose To report the complications associated with surgical correction of internal snapping hip. Study Design Retrospective review. Methods A review of 92 cases of internal coxa saltans (12 bilateral) from 1982 to 2002 was performed to identify complications following primary surgical correction. An inguinal approach was used for iliopsoas tendon fractional lengthening. The average follow-up time per patient was 5.4 years. Results A total of 40 complications occurred in 32 patients. Complications included persistent hip pain (n = 6), sensory deficit (n = 8), and hip flexor weakness persisting longer than 1 month (n = 3). Additionally, painful bursa formation (n = 1), hematoma requiring reexploration (n = 1), and superficial infection (n = 1) were noted. Some patients developed recurrent snapping after a 3-month snapping-free interval (n = 9), and some patients never had complete resolution of snapping and were considered failures (n = 11). Of these failures/recurrences, 8 patients had a second tenotomy with 4 failures. Two had a third tenotomy, with 1 failure. Conclusions In this series, primary iliopsoas tendon lengthening in patients with internal coxa saltans was without any complication in only 60% of patients; however, overall patient satisfaction was 89%.
A Biomechanical Evaluation of Transcondylar Femoral Fixation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Grafts
Authors: Camillieri Gianluca , McFarland Edward G. , Jasper Louis E. , Belkoff Stephen M. , Kim Tae Kyun , Rauh Peter B. , Mariani Pier Paolo 
Published: April 2004

Background Interference screw fixation of the graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is considered the gold standard, but limited clinical experience suggests that transcondylar fixation is equally effective. Purpose To compare transcondylar and interference screw fixation. Study Design Ex vivo biomechanical study. Methods Twenty pairs of unembalmed knees underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with patellar tendon autografts. In 1 knee of each pair, the bone plug was stabilized in the femoral tunnel with standard interference screws; in the other knee, transcondylar screws were used. Testing to failure occurred immediately or after 1000 cycles of sinusoidal loading (30 to 150 N) (20 paired reconstructions each). Fixation stiffness, strength, graft creep, displacement amplitude, and change in amplitude were measured and compared (repeated measures anaylsis of variance with Tukey test; P < .05). Results There was no significant difference in acute strength, maximum load within 3 mm, or stiffness between transcondylar fixation (410 ± 164 N, 183 ± 93 N, and 49.6 ± 28 N/mm, respectively) and interference fixation (497 ± 216 N, 206 ± 115 N, and 61 ± 37.8 N/mm, respectively). Similarly, there was no significant difference in cyclic strength, maximum load within 3 mm, or stiffness between transcondylar fixation (496 ± 214 N, 357 ± 82.9 N, and 110 ± 27.4 N/mm, respectively) and interference fixation (552 ± 233 N, 357 ± 76.2 N, and 112 ± 26.8 N/mm, respectively). Predominant modes of failure were bone plug pullout (transcondylar fixation) and tendon failure or bone plug fracture (interference fixation). Conclusions Transcondylar screw fixation of the patellar tendon autograft into the femoral tunnel performed mechanically as well as interference screw fixation. Clinical Relevance The results suggest that transcondylar and interference screws provide similar fixation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Development of a New Activity Score for the Evaluation of Ankle Instability
Authors: Halasi Tamás , Kynsburg Ákos , Tállay András , Berkes István 
Published: April 2004

Background Tegner and Lysholm described their generally acknowledged activity score in 1985. It was originally tested for knee ligament injuries, but for the past 17 years it has been used for other joint evaluations as well. The development of already existing and new kinds of sports, differences between knee and ankle loading, and different injury rates provided reasons for developing an ankle-specific activity score. Hypothesis The new score should have a higher reliability, validity, and sensitivity than the Tegner score when evaluating ankle-related activity changes. Study Design Methodological study. Methods Fifty-three sports, 3 working activities, and 4 general activities were inserted into a 0-to-10 category system based on the rankings of a 7 × 2-point pre-evaluation system, followed by a direct comparison with the Tegner score and reliability, validity, and sensitivity testing on 2 different patient populations. Results In direct comparison, there is a strong overall correlation of the 2 activity-scoring systems (r = 0.7565), but the ankle activity score proved to be different from the Tegner score in the higher categories, especially in the top 4 ankle score categories (r = 0.1450). Further tests demonstrated the high reliability (1.00) of the new score. Analysis of variance proved that activity changes measured by the ankle score correspond well to the difference between the patients’ subjective results and their Karlsson functional scores (P = .0119). This is not the case when we measure ankle activity changes using the knee-specific Tegner score (P = .0987). Furthermore, ankle score differences spread over a wider range (-1.18 ± 2.12) than did Tegner score differences (-0.68 ± 1.29), which demonstrates the higher sensitivity of the new score. Conclusions Based on these results, the new ankle activity score could be a better complement in the complex evaluation of ankle instability.
Natural history of twin disruption sequence
Authors: Zankl Andreas , Brooks Daniela , Boltshauser Eugen , Largo Remo , Schinzel Albert 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIntrauterine death of one fetus in a monochorionic twin pregnancy is associated with high morbidity and mortality in the surviving cotwin. Thromoboplastic material from the dead twin may pass to the circulation of the living twin via placental anastomoses and cause tissue necrosis by direct embolization or by activating intravascular coagulation. Alternatively, acute blood loss into the dying twin through placental anastomoses may result in hypotension and hypoxic‐ischemic damage to cerebral and visceral tissue in the surviving twin. The resulting clinical picture is referred to as twin disruption sequence. Affected twins have rarely been followed beyond the neonatal period and the long‐term development of such children is unknown. Here, we present a natural history and neurological assessment of 18 patients with twin disruption sequence, whom we have followed over several months to years. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anomalous origin and cervical course of the vertebral artery in the presence of a retroesophageal right subclavian artery
Authors: Fazan Valéria Paula Sassoli , Caetano Abadio Gonçalves , Filho Omar Andrade Rodrigues 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe vertebral artery is usually described as the first branch of the subclavian artery, originating medial to the scalenus anterior muscle. During its cervical course, the vertebral artery presents a prevertebral segment and then enters the foramen transversarium of the sixth cervical vertebra. We describe a case of an unusual origin and course of the right vertebral artery in a cadaver specimen wherein the right vertebral artery originates from the right common carotid artery at the inferior border of the thyroid gland. In its cervical course the vertebral artery ascends outside and anteriorly to the foramen transversarium of vertebrae C VI to C III, and enters the foramen transversarium of the axis. In the same specimen, a retroesophageal right subclavian artery is also present. These vascular abnormalities are presented for physicians to keep in mind such variations during diagnostic investigation and surgical procedures of the neck. Clin. Anat. 17:354–357, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Safety and efficacy of high‐dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation for patients with malignant astrocytomas
Authors: Chen Benjamin , Ahmed Tauseef , Mannancheril Anney , Gruber Michael , Benzil Deborah L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDMalignant astrocytomas are among the most resistant tumors to curative treatments. Mean survival without treatment is measured in weeks, and even with maximal surgery and radiation, the mean reported survival is < 1 year. The advent of supportive treatments and newer agents has resulted in benefits for many patients with cancer. The authors investigated the safety and effect on survival of a high‐dose thiotepa and carboplatin regimen with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with malignant astrocytomas who were enrolled in a prospective trial approved by an institutional review board (IRB).METHODSTwenty‐one patients were enrolled in an IRB‐approved, prospective trial. After baseline testing was completed, patients underwent peripheral stem cell mobilization with cyclophosphamide (4 g/m2) and etoposide (450 mg/m2) followed by granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (10 μg/kg). Peripheral stem cells were harvested when leukocyte counts recovered. Patients received 2 cycles of thiotepa (750 mg/m2) and carboplatin (1600 mg/m2) followed by infusion of the preserved stem cells. The cycles were administered 6–10 weeks apart. Primary outcome measures were patient survival (Kaplan–Meier analysis) and treatment toxicity (using National Cancer Institute common toxicity criteria).RESULTSAutologous stem cells were harvested effectively and transfused in all patients. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated a survival time of 34.3 ± 5.5 months (range, 9–94 months). Despite significant myelosuppression, only three patients experienced Grade 4 complications and eight experienced Grade 3 complications.CONCLUSIONSHigh‐dose chemotherapy with thiotepa and carboplatin with concomitant ASCT was used safely to treat patients with malignant astrocytomas and may provide a survival advantage. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Patterns and predictors of colorectal cancer test use in the adult U.S. population
Authors: Seeff Laura C. , Nadel Marion R. , Klabunde Carrie N. , Thompson Trevor , Shapiro Jean A. , Vernon Sally W. , Coates Ralph J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDScreening is effective in reducing the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. Rates of colorectal cancer test use continue to be low.METHODSThe authors analyzed data from the National Health Interview Survey concerning the use of the home‐administered fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy/proctoscopy to estimate current rates of colorectal cancer test use and to identify factors associated with the use or nonuse of tests.RESULTSIn 2000, 17.1% of respondents reported undergoing a home FOBT within the past year, 33.9% reported undergoing an endoscopy within the previous 10 years, and 42.5% reported undergoing either test within the recommended time intervals. The use of colorectal cancer tests varied by gender, race, ethnicity, age, education, income, health care coverage, and having a usual source of care. Having seen a physician within the past year had the strongest association with test use. Lack of awareness and lack of physician recommendation were the most commonly reported barriers to undergoing such tests.CONCLUSIONSLess than half of the U.S. population age ≥ 50 years underwent colorectal cancer tests within the recommended time intervals. Educational initiatives for patients and providers regarding the importance of colorectal cancer screening, efforts to reduce disparities in test use, and ensuring that all persons have access to routine primary care may help increase screening rates. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
The somatic generation of immune recognition
Authors: Jerne Niels Kaj 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAntibody specificity is determined by structural v‐genes that code for the amino acid sequences of the variable regions of antibody polypeptide chains. The present hypothesis proposes that the germ‐cells of an animal carry a set of v‐genes determining the combining sites of antibodies directed against a complete set of certain class of histocompatibility antigens of the species to which this animal belongs. The evolutionary development of this set of v‐genes in phylogeny is traced back to the requirements for cell to cell recognition in all metazoa. The hypothesis leads to a distinction between two populations of antigen‐sensitive cells. One population consists of cells forming antibodies against foreign antigens; these lymphocytes have arisen as mutants in clones descending from lymphocytic stem cells which expressed v‐genes belonging to the subset (subset S) coding for antibody against histocompatibility antigens that the individual happens to possess. The other population consists of allograft rejecting lymphocytes that express v‐genes of the remaining subset (subset A) coding for antibody against histocompatibility antigens of the species that the individual does not possess. The primary lymphoid organs are viewed as mutant‐breeding organs. In these organs (e.g. in the thymus), the proliferation of lymphocytes expressing the v‐genes of subset S and the subsequent suppression of the cells of these "forbidden" clones, leads to the selection of mutants cells expressing v‐genes that have been modified by spontaneous random somatic mutation. This process generates self‐tolerance as well as a diverse population of antigen‐sensitive cells that reflects antibody diversity. The proliferation in the primary lymphoid organs of lymphocytes expressing v‐genes of subset A generates the antigen‐sensitive cell population that is responsible for allo‐aggression.The theory explains how a functional immune system can develop through a selection pressure exerted by self‐antigens, starting during a period in early ontogeny that precedes clonal selection by foreign antigens. The hypothesis provides explanations for the variability of the N‐terminal regions of antibody polypeptide chains, for the dominant genetic control of specific immune responsiveness by histocompatibility alleles, for the relative preponderance of antigen‐sensitive cells directed against allogeneic histocompatibility antigens, for antibody‐idiotypes, for allelic exclusion, for the precommitment of any given antigen‐sensitive lymphocyte to form antibodies of only one molecular species and for the cellular dynamics in the primary lymphoid tissues.See accompanying article http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200425000
Nickel(II) Complexes Incorporating Pyridyl, Imine and Amino Chelate Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, Isomer Preference, Structural Transformation and Reactivity Towards Nickel(III) Derivatives
Authors: Banerjee Suparna , Gangopadhyay Jaydip , Lu Can‐Zhong , Chen Jiu‐Tong , Ghosh Ashutosh 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFacile condensation of 2‐acetylpyridine with ethylenediamine in a 1:1 or 2:1 molar ratio yielded two neutral ligands with different denticity: 1‐amino‐4‐(2‐pyridyl)‐3‐azapent‐3‐ene (tridentate, L1) and 2,7‐bis(2‐pyridyl)‐3,6‐diazaocta‐2,6‐diene (tetradentate, L3), respectively. Replacing the ketone with 2‐pyridinecarboxaldehyde gave a similar set of condensates (L2 and L4). The tridentate mono‐Schiff bases (L1 and L2) react smoothly with Ni(ClO4)2·6H2O furnishing the brown bis‐chelate complexes (1a and 1b) with an NiN6 coordination sphere, while the tetradentate bis‐Schiff bases (L3 and L4) form green pseudo‐octahedral complexes (2a and 2b) in which NiII is present in an N4O2 coordination environment. The isomer specificity for both types of complexes is conspicuous from the representative X‐ray structures of 1a and 2a. cis‐trans‐cis and cis‐cis‐trans isomers are found exclusively for 1 and 2, respectively. The crystal structure of 2a reveals O−H···O hydrogen bond interactions assembling alternating cations and anions in an infinite chain‐like array. Cyclic voltammetric measurements of 1 and 2 in MeCN solution show a quasi‐reversible one‐electron oxidation near 0.95 and 0.87 V (vs. SCE), respectively, attributed to a NiIII‐NiII redox couple. Another irreversible NiIV‐NiIII redox response was observed at higher potential near 1.70 and 1.80 V (vs. SCE) for 1 and 2, respectively. Complexes 1 and 2 display a weak, broad d‐d transition band along with a charge‐transfer transition. Magnetic susceptibility measurements (at 298 K) confirmed that the spin states of the NiII centres in 1 and 2 are same, S = 1, in agreement with an octahedral configuration. Complexes 1 form stable reddish‐brown NiIII complexes (3) under exhaustive constant‐potential electrolysis treatment. The NiIII complexes display axial EPR spectra both at 298 K and 77 K with g⊥ > g|| indicating the presence of an unpaired electron primarily on the metal centre. Complexes of type 1 and 3 exhibit virtually superimposable cyclic voltammograms in a reverse electrode scan study which confirms no change in the coordination sphere on going from 1 to 3. The effective magnetic moment values (ca. 2.10 μB) of 3 suggest a significant orbital contribution to the paramagnetism, consistent with a tetragonally distorted low spin 3d7 system. A colour change phenomenon has been observed for type 2 complexes. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Synthesis and Molecular Structure of Calcium Difluoranthenide, [Ca(THF)6][C16H10]2·2C16H10
Authors: Fedushkin Igor L. , Lukoyanov Anton N. , Dechert Sebastian , Schumann Herbert 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe treatment of CaI2(THF)2 with potassium and fluoranthene (mole ratio 1:2:2) in THF affords [Ca(THF)6][C16H10]2·2C16H10 (1). The X‐ray structure analysis of 1 shows that the compound consists of separate [Ca(THF)6]2+ cations, [C16H10]·− radical anions and neutral fluoranthene molecules. The neutral and radical‐anionic fluoranthene species can be distinguished by the differences in the skeleton C−C bond lengths. The presence of fluoranthene radical anions in THF solutions of 1 is proved by ESR spectroscopy and is further supported by the 1H NMR spectrum of 1, which does not give any indication of radical coupling. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Cover Picture: Funnel Complexes with CoII and NiII: New Probes into the Biomimetic Coordination Ability of the Calix[6]arene‐Based Tris(imidazole) System (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 9/2004)
Authors: Sénèque Olivier , Campion Morgane , Giorgi Michel , Le Mest Yves , Reinaud Olivia 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe cover picture shows the calix[6]arene‐based tris(imidazole) ligand coordinated to divalent metal ions. These supramolecular edifices mimic enzyme environments. These funnel complexes present an exchangeable coordination site located in the heart of the hydrophobic cavity of the calixarene. The interplay between the strength of the host−guest noncovalent interactions and the flexibility of the system allows a variety of geometries for the metal complexes, either tetrahedral, tri‐ gonal‐bipyramidal or square‐pyramidal. Details are discussed in the article by O. Reinaud et al. on p. 1817 ff.
Redox Properties of Linear and Cyclic Scaffolds Based on Di‐ and Tetraethynylethene
Authors: Gisselbrecht Jean‐Paul , Moonen Nicolle N. P. , Boudon Corinne , Nielsen Mogens Brøndsted , Diederich François , Gross Maurice 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA large selection of linear and cyclic acetylenic scaffolds based on functionalized di‐ and tetraethynylethenes (DEEs, TEEs) have been prepared during the past ten years, such as poly(triacetylene)s (PTAs), expanded dendralenes, or perethynylated expanded radialenes and dehydroannulenes. These carbon‐rich oligoenynes are interesting for their electronic and advanced materials properties. In this account, we highlight their redox properties. Moreover, the electrochemistry of cyanoethynylethenes (CEEs), a class of powerful electron acceptors that have recently attracted our attention, since they combine the scaffolding potential of TEEs with the superior acceptor strength of tetracyanoethene (TCNE), will also be discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Prediction of TCLP leachates of electric arc furnace dust/cement products using neural network analysis
Authors: Irabien Angel , Olmo I. Fernandez , Andrés A. , Sebastiá M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSolidified/stabilized products containing steel foundry dust from production of two different kinds of steel (specialty and common), three different types of cement (Portland‐slag cement II‐S/35A, blastfurnace cement III‐1/35A, and ordinary Portland cement I/45A), and two types of lime, CaO and Ca(OH)2 were studied. The heavy metals Cd, Cr, and Pb were significant toxic elements in the wastes. Neural network analysis was used to model the nonlinear dependency of leachate pH and metal concentrations on the product formulation. The models can be used to predict the TCLP concentrations for new products designed using these mix components, for comparison with the regulatory limits.
Selection of refractory for thermal oxidizers on gas streams containing fluorine
Authors: Che Stanley C. , Iaquaniello Gaetano , Olivieri Lino 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThermal oxidizers for destruction of fluorine‐containing chemicals are typically operated between 1,100° to 1,400° C. Fluorine is converted to hydrogen fluoride (HF) during the combustion process. At high temperatures, HF will react with almost all materials. Proper selection of the refractory material used by the thermal oxidizer is essential for long‐term use, and to protect the metal shell from corrosion. Selection criteria should include analysis of chemical composition, physical properties, morphology, and bonding phases. A high alumina brick from a thermal oxidizer was analyzed after it had been in service for one year. The brick surface underwent significant changes of its chemical and micro‐structural compositions. Silica in the mullite phase had reacted with HF, leaving only corundum. In the inner part of the brick, both mullite and corundum crystals still existed. Refractory selection guidelines are suggested.