bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patients
Authors: Nirghin Urvashni , Govender Tharuna , Hirachund Yeshalya , Mosololi Rorisang , Nxumalo Hlengiwe , Patel Sumaya , Zwane Philani , Mashige Khathutshelo P. 
Published: January 2025

Background: The repeatability of the Schirmer test (ST) and Phenol Red Thread test (PRT) has been investigated thoroughly on patients with normal tear function; however, it is limited to dry eye patients.Aim: This study aimed to compare the reliability of the ST and PRT on young adults with dry eyes.Setting: University of KwaZulu-Natal Eye Clinic.Methods: Forty-eight young adults (mean age 20.65 ± 1.71 years) participated in the study. Preliminary tests excluded dry eye-related abnormalities. Novesin (0.4%) was instilled into the right eye of each participant, followed by the administration of the ST and PRT, 5 min apart, then re-administered after a 10-min interval. The retest was conducted 1 week later with the PRT being performed first to minimise bias.Results: The intra-session correlation of the ST and the PRT was poor (ICC 0.5) and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The inter-session correlation for the PRT was poor (ICC = 0.432) while the ST was moderate (ICC = 0.567) with no statistical difference observed for all parameters (P 0.05). The Bland–Altman plots for intra- and inter-session indicate that 96% of observations fell within the 95% limits of agreement.Conclusion: The ST and PRT demonstrated good intra-session and inter-session reliability, with ST showing better inter-session agreement than the PRT.Contribution: The ST and the PRT provide consistent and reproducible results on dry eye patients when conducted on the same individuals at different time points.
Hoe Christenonderwysers ’n bydrae kan maak tot die morele herstel binne Suid-Afrikaanse Skole
Authors: Lambrechts Ruan 
Published: January 2025

How Christian teachers can contribute to the moral restoration in South African schools. Moral degradation is evident within South African schools. Academics advocate various approaches to moral restoration. This article addresses the unique contribution of Christian educators to moral restoration in South African schools. The argument is that Christian educators can influence the younger generation to embrace better moral values through their lifestyle. Since many teachers lack the confidence to live out a Christian lifestyle within South African schools due to the challenges posed by legislation and the societal dynamics of the South African youth, this article delves into these issues. The aim is to derive insights that can be used to develop a relevant approach. A threefold approach, comprising a holy lifestyle, caring for others, and a healthy work ethic is proposed. This approach offers teachers a practical solution to fulfil their calling within South African schools with confidence thereby contributing to moral restoration.Contribution: Attention is given to current legislation regarding religion and education, as well as the unique characteristics of the South African youth, to determine how a Christian lifestyle that promotes better moral values, manifests in South African schools.
Telescoping nail osteosynthesis in management of osteogenesis imperfecta in growing child
Authors: Elshal Ehab A. , Kornah Bahaa A. , Abuomira Ibrahim E.A. , Elkady Tarek I. , Eltawab Gaber E.A. , Khashaba Ahmed S. 
Published: January 2025

Background and aim
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary disorder that mainly affects the bones. Bones break easily. The severity may be mild to severe. OI includes short height, a blue tinge to the sclera of the eye, loose joints, breathing problems, hearing loss, and problems with the teeth. Complications may include aortic and cervical artery dissection, and our study aims to evaluate the results of the management of OI with telescoping nails in growing children.

Patients and methods
This case series study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospital, Assuit; 20 patients with OI were included in this study. They underwent telescopic nail osteosynthesis.

Result
The functional score of the studied sample shows that the highest functional score frequency was 2–5 and 3–6 (15 and 15%, respectively). Radiological scores show that the majority had a score of 11 (95.0%), telescoping of the studied sample shows that 19 (95.0%) had telescoping.

Conclusion
The treatment of multiple fractures and severely deformed long bones due to OI by the telescoping nail of the Fassier–Duval generation is one of the best choices. One of the challenging problems of OI cases is the late presentation; another challenging problem in such cases is that the growing mechanism is still present.
Cardiovascular Disease in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Narrative Review on the Impact of Lifestyle Behaviors
Authors: Faghy Mark A. , Carr Jack , Broom David R. , Owen Rebecca , Ashton Ruth E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Responsible for ~18 million global deaths annually, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality that negatively affects population health and well-being. Despite increased knowledge and advancements in medicine, technology, and an array of global initiatives to slow the prevalence of CVD across the world in recent decades, future projections for prevalence and the wider societal and economic impacts are alarming. It is outlined in this review that little progress is being made against a series of landmark initiatives and that, in a postpandemic world, we might need to consider innovative approaches to tackle the unprecedented growth and projections in CVD prevalence. To address the sustained reductions in positive health behaviors which is coupled with an established rise in cardiovascular risk factors and events following infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, there is an urgent public health challenge that lies ahead. Accordingly, we must establish bespoke systems that can recognize and address the complexity and interactive and interdisciplinary nature of chronic diseases. Future approaches must heed learning from the many previous unsuccessful approaches that have not been appropriately monitored or evaluated. Establishing or aligning international and collaborative approaches that have a clear mandate to oversee the development and implementation of analysis of global surveillance and interventions is needed to address the spiraling growth in CVD prevalence, healthcare costs, morbidity, and mortality.
Optimizing Vascular Access Education in Urology Residency: Evaluating the Outcomes of Arteriovenous Fistulas Created by Residents
Authors: Aggarwal Deepanshu , Thakor Poojan , Bolar Siddhant , Narkhede Vishal , Sreenivasan Sreerag Kodakkattil , Dorairajan L. N. , Kalra Sidhartha , Parameswaran Sreejith , Priyamvada P. S. , Hemachandren M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
This study presents a vascular access and renal transplantation (VART) program to address urology residents’ gaps in open vascular techniques. It aims to enhance Vascular Access Education (VAE), helping residents excel in arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and providing a model for advancements in hemodialysis and renal transplantation.

Aims:
To evaluate the outcomes of AVFs created by urology residents undergoing a dedicated 4-month structured vascular access and transplant program.

Subjects and Methods:
We did a retrospective analysis of AVFs created by urology residents between May 2022 and December 2023. The VART program included hands-on training, shadowing of previous residents, and weekly classes for theoretical understanding.

Results:
Of the 269 AVFs, radiocephalic AVFs (RCF) were the most common (68.02%), followed by brachiocephalic (BCF) (26.02%) and brachiobasilic transposition (BBT) (3.34%). Patency at 6 months was 84.2% overall, combining 85.95% for RCF, 75.7% for BCF, and 100% for transposition. Primary failure occurred in 24 cases (8.9%). Complications occurred in 26 (9.6%) patients and were associated with patency (P < 0.001). Factors affecting patency included calcified vessel (P = 0.001), artery diameter <2 mm (P = 0.049), vein diameter <2 mm (P = 0.015), thrombosis (P = 0.006), edema (P = 0.049), and postoperative bleeding (P = 0.024). Consultant assistance was required in only 4 cases (1.48%), and even complex cases like BBT did not necessitate consultant supervision.

Conclusions:
Comprehensive VAE in urology residency can help residents achieve successful AVF outcomes. Strategies such as formal education, hands-on training, and peer learning enhance skills and improve patient outcomes. We encourage institutions to implement and evaluate the VART program’s effectiveness.
Pelvic Floor Disorders among Women in Southern India – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Prasad Srikala , Javid Mohamed , Parameshwari P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) represent an extensive yet underrecognized global health concern impacting women. PFDs encompass a variety of conditions, including urinary dysfunctions, pelvic organ prolapses, bowel dysfunctions, and sexual dysfunctions. A comprehensive approach is necessary to investigate their prevalence and impact, particularly within regional populations. Thus, we aimed to study the prevalence, impact, and contributing factors of PFDs using the Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire (APFQ).

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study where nonpregnant adult women (aged >18 years) willingly participated. A digitized adaptation of the APFQ was utilized to study the prevalence and impact of PFDs. The related healthcare-seeking behavior of the participants was also studied.

Results:
The study included 500 participants, of which 45.2% reported bladder dysfunction, 44% indicated bowel dysfunction, 11.4% had pelvic organ prolapse, and 53% experienced sexual dysfunction. An analysis using ANOVA revealed a significant difference in bladder dysfunction related to the number of deliveries (P = 0.03). The Spearman’s rank correlation uncovered significant associations between age and both bladder (P = 0.001, r = 0.153) and prolapse functions (P = 0.001, r = 0.145). A significant correlation between all four PFD domains was also found.

Conclusion:
Our findings underscore the considerable prevalence and detrimental impact of PFDs on women’s quality of life in the local region and illuminate the need for comprehensive management and preventive strategies for PFDs. Thus, these results can potentially catalyze future research; and guide interventions, awareness initiatives, and health-seeking behavior for PFDs.
Laser Incision of Hourglass Contracture Postaugmentation Cystoplasty
Authors: Ansari M. S. , Shukla Anupam , Kumar Raj , Rastgi Sanchit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
We describe our experience performing laser incision of hourglass deformity of augmented bladder without additional bowel harvest for certain suboptimal cystoplasty configurations.

Methodology:
We identified patients with prior bladder augmentation who present with complaints of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and lower urinary tract symptoms LUTS at our institution. On evaluation, ultrasound showed significant postvoid residual volume and upper tract dilatation. Cystogram showed typical hourglass deformity and urodynamic study reported poorly compliant bladder. We performed laser incision of hourglass deformity using thulium fiber laser. Baseline characteristics, perioperative courses, and follow-up information were reviewed.

Results:
Three patients (2 male and 1 female) with such deformity underwent laser incision of hourglass contracture. The median age was 13.2 years. The bladder diary showed small functional bladder capacity for age with median bladder compliance of 10 mL/cm H2O and PVR >30% of functional bladder capacity. All three patients showed improvement in bladder dynamics postprocedure with improvement in functional bladder capacity by 20% and median compliance improvement from 10 mL/cm H2O to 18 ml/cm H2O and PVR decreased to <10% of functional bladder capacity.

Conclusions:
Postbladder augmentation hourglass deformity can give rise to storage LUTS and recurrent UTI. These patients can be safely offered a minimally invasive endoscopic approach using laser incision of contracture without the need for additional bowel harvest or formal revision cystoplasty.
Pancake Kidney with Single Ureter in an Adult Male: An Infrequent Association
Authors: Bhirud Deepak Prakash , Kudunthail Jeena R. , Singh Mahendra , Sandhu Arjun Singh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Crossed fused ectopia is the second most common renal fusion anomaly, following horseshoe kidney. Typically, it remains asymptomatic unless accompanied by additional abnormalities such as pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) or vesicoureteral reflux. Pancake kidney, a rare variant of crossed fused ectopia, is an uncommon clinical finding, particularly in adults. We report a unique case of pancake kidney in an adult male with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This rare anomaly was characterized by a single ureter draining both renal units, anatomically resembling a tree with multiple branches stemming from a solitary trunk. The right renal unit exhibited gross hydronephrosis, containing approximately 100 small calculi. In addition, the lower pole of the left renal unit showed evidence of PUJO. This case highlights a rare presentation of pancake kidney associated with complex structural anomalies, CKD, and significant calculi burden. Proper identification and evaluation of such anomalies are critical for effective clinical management and prognosis.
Utility of Continuous Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Preventing Urinary Tract Infections in Infants with Grades III-V Vesicoureteral Reflux: Systematic Review
Authors: Kalidoss Senthooran , Kim David , Zhang Andrew , Xing Monica , Gundeti Mohan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) in preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients with high-grade (III, IV, and V) vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Findings from major trials, including RIVUR, PRIVENT, PREDICT, and the Swedish reflux trials, are synthesized to provide clarity on the clinical utility of CAP and its associated risks.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted across PubMed and Scopus, focusing on studies involving pediatric patients with VUR Grades III-V undergoing CAP. Inclusion criteria required that studies evaluate UTI recurrence in patients with VUR as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes of interest included renal scarring, febrile UTIs, pyelonephritis, and antibiotic resistance. Seven studies involving 2512 patients across 11 countries were analyzed.

Results:
There is evidence to support the use of CAP in preventing the onset and recurrence of UTIs in patients with high-grade VUR. Specific patient populations that benefit more from CAP have also been demonstrated. However, CAP has not been shown to reduce renal scarring or additional renal sequelae. CAP has also been shown to influence gut microbiota and contribute to antimicrobial resistance.

Conclusions:
CAP offers limited benefits for UTI prevention in children with high-grade VUR and should be reserved for select high-risk patients. Further research is necessary to study patients with high-grade VUR and CAP, especially to evaluate its efficacy given demographic factors including age, sex, UTI history, and other comorbidities. Considering a variety of factors, including prevention of UTIs, adverse side effects, antibacterial resistance, and cost-effectiveness, CAP should not be the first-line treatment given to patients with high-grade VUR but remains a viable option given proper indications.
On the equation $x/y+y/z+z/x=4^{m}$
Authors: Tho Nguyen Xuan 
Published: January 2025

We provide an elementary proof that the equation in the title has no solutions in the positive integers. This extends recent work of the author [Elem. Math. 78 (2023), 168–170] from

m=1

to arbitrary positive integers

m

.
Blue abyss to enable gravity-related research and training
Authors: Pletser Vladimir , Evetts Simon , Drew Marc , Lucas Jean-Francois , Vickers John 
Published: January 2025

The new step in space exploration coupled with an exponential increase in the number of astronauts flying in space and preparing future Moon and Mars missions in the coming years will be possible if research and training at different gravity levels is actively pursued. Blue Abyss proposes a versatile approach for astronaut training and research at various gravity levels and in different environments. Blue Abyss is establishing its first research, test and training center in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, with plans to expand to other locations in the USA, Middle-East and the Far-East. The Blue Abyss center will be built around three main axes: (1) A versatile multi-use dive pool with several platforms from 3 to 20 m, a space research area, the Astrolab platform at 12 m, and a 50 m deep shaft; (2) A centrifuge to train astronauts and to study hypergravity physiological effects; and (3) A parabolic flight capability to offer zero, Lunar, Mars, other reduced and hyper gravity accelerations for gravity-related research and training. The ground infrastructure will include classrooms, hypobaric and hyperbaric chambers, and a human performance research center including specialized test and evaluation facilities, microgravity and hypergravity simulators that will be used for physiological studies, rehabilitation and training. A pedagogical and outreach program will offer an interactive, dynamic approach to STEM-related education for students, tomorrow's scientists.
Inteligencia Emocional: Enfoque Multidimensional en la Formación del Docente Venezolano
Authors: Belgrave Rosales Jesús Guillermo 
Published: January 2025

Esta producción tiene como propósito generar una reflexión sobre la inteligencia emocional en la formación de un docente multidimensional en el contexto educativo. Se sustenta en Teoría de la Inteligencia Emocional de Goleman (1995), Teoría de la Transdisciplinariedad de Nicolescu (2009), basándose en el paradigma interpretativo, que busca comprender los eventos sociales desde las miradas de los participantes, así como en un enfoque cualitativo, el cual desde los postulados Gadamerianos, han permitido al investigador explorar la temática relacionada con la formación de un docente multidimensionalidad, desde los principios de la inteligencia emocional en el contexto educativo.Entre los hallazgos relevantes se destaca el poder optimizar sutilmente la práctica docente y el desarrollo cognitivo de los estudiantes al promover un enfoque integral que prioriza el desarrollo emocional y social, donde se pueda establecer relaciones más saludables y una mejor formación para el éxito futuro en una sociedad globalizada , compleja y dinámica . Además de promover un ambiente de aprendizaje más significativo con relaciones interpersonales óptimas haciendo énfasis en un mayor enfoque integral que permitan una reducción del estrés y la ansiedad con una enseñanza más efectiva y una mejor preparación para el éxito futuro.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Course Review Horay (CRH) Berbantuan Media Flipchart Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Di Kelas IV SD GMIT Oetefu Besar Kecamatan Semau Selatan Kabupaten Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Selan Debora , Tanalinal Khasna Fenny 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar PKN dengan menerapkan pembelajaran Course Review Horay (CRH) berbantuan media flipchart pada siswa kelas IV SD GMIT Oetefu Besar, jenis penelitian ini adalah Penilitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus yang terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini laksanakan di kelas IV SD GMIT Oetefu Besar.Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi dan tes akhir siklus.Teknik analisis data adalah teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif, instrument penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi, lembar soal/LKPD, dalam bentuk pilihan ganda yang diberikan kepada peserta didik secara individu. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD GMIT Oetefu Besar setelah menerapkan model pembelajaran course review horay (CRH) berbantuan media flipchart nilai hasil belajar siklus I yang dimana siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 3 anak pada pencapaian 20% dan siswa yang tidak tuntas sebanyak 12 anak pada pencapaian 80% . sedangkan nilai hasil belajar siswa pada siklus II dimana peserta didik yang tuntas 13 anak dengan pencapaian 86,67% dan yang tidak tuntas 2 anak dengan pencapaian 13,33% . Aktivitas guru siklus I 65,90% dengan kategori cukup baik dan siklus II mencapai 89,77% dengan kategori sangat baik. Sedangkan observasi aktivitas peserta didik siklus I mencapai 63,63% dengan kategori cukup baik dan siklus II mencapai 88,87% dengan kategori sangat baik. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran course review horay (CRH) berbantuan media flipchart dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa PKn pada siswa kelas IV SD GMIT Oetefu Besar NTT.
HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN BAHASA DAERAH KIJANG DAN BAHASA DAERAH CELIKAH: KAJIAN LINGUISTIK HISTORIS KOMPARATIF
Authors: Purnamalia Triska , Iin Parlina  
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to describe the kinship relationship between the Kijang regional language and the Celikah regional language through a comparative historical linguistic study. The method used is quantitative by using lexicostatistical measurements. A word pair will be declared related if it fulfills one of the conditions: the pair is identical, the pair has phonemic correspondence, phonetic resemblance or a different phoneme. Based on the data found, there are 57 pairs of identical vocabulary data, 10 pairs of vocabulary data with phonemic correspondence, 20 pairs of vocabulary data that differ by one phoneme, and 13 data of different vocabulary. After these numbers are included in the formula for determining language kinship presentation, the result is 87%. This 87% figure shows a kinship relationship. The language of the Kijang area and the language of the Celikah area is the dialect of language. This presentation is the highest level of kinship which shows that these two languages ​​have a close kinship
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan kekerabatan Bahasa Kijang dan Bahasa Celikah melalui kajian linguistik historis komparatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pengukuran leksikostatistik. Sebuah pasangan kata akan dinyatakan kerabat bila memenuhi salah satu ketentuan: pasangan itu identik, pasangan itu memiliki korespondensi fonemis, kemiripan secara fonetis atau satu fonem berbeda. Berdasarkan data yang ditemukan terdapat 57 data kosakata perpasangan identik, 10 data kosakata pasangan berkorespondensi fonemis, 20 data kosakata berpasangan berbeda satu fonem, dan 13 data kosakata berbeda. Setelah angka-angka ini dimasukan dalam rumus untuk menentukan presentasi kekerabatan Bahasa, didapat hasil 87%. Angka 87% ini menunjukkan hubungan kekerabatan Bahasa daerah Kijang dan Bahasa daerah Celikah adalah Dialect of language (Dialek Bahasa). Presentasi ini merupakan tingkat kekekeraban tertinggi yang menunjukkan bahwa kedua Bahasa ini memiliki kekeraban yang erat