bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of potentially inappropriate medications assessment tools in older Indian patients with cancer
Authors: Kumar Sharath , Castelino Renita , Rao Abhijith , Gattani Shreya , Kumar Anita , Pillai Anupa , Sehgal Arshiya , Rane Pallavi , Ramaswamy Anant , Dhekale Ratan , Krishnamurthy Jyoti , Banavali Shripad , Badwe Rajendra , Prabhash Kumar , Noronha Vanita , Gota Vikram 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPolypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use are common problems in older adults. Safe prescription practices are a necessity. The tools employed for the identification of PIM sometimes do not concur with each other.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients ≥60 years who visited the Geriatric Oncology Clinic of the Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India from 2018 to 2021 was performed. Beer's‐2015, STOPP/START criteria v2, PRISCUS‐2010, Fit fOR The Aged (FORTA)‐2018, and the EU(7)‐PIM list‐2015 were the tools used to assess PIM. Every patient was assigned a standardized PIM value (SPV) for each scale, which represented the ratio of the number of PIMs identified by a given scale to the total number of medications taken. The median SPV of all five tools was considered the reference standard for each patient. Bland–Altman plots were utilized to determine agreement between each scale and the reference. Association between baseline variables and PIM use was determined using multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf the 467 patients included in this analysis, there were 372 (79.66%) males and 95 (20.34%) females with an average age of 70 ± 5.91 years. The EU(7)‐PIM list was found to have the highest level of agreement given by a bias estimate of 0.010, the lowest compared to any other scale. The 95% CI of the bias was in the narrow range of −0.001 to 0.022, demonstrating the precision of the estimate. In comparison, the bias (95%) CI of Beer's criteria, STOPP/START criteria, PRISCUS list, and FORTA list were −0.039 (−0.053 to −0.025), 0.076 (0.060 to 0.092), 0.035 (0.021 to 0.049), and −0.148 (−0.165 to −0.130), respectively. Patients on polypharmacy had significantly higher PIM use compared to those without (OR = 1.47 (1.33–1.63), p = <0.001).ConclusionsThe EU(7)‐PIM list was found to have the least bias and hence can be considered the most reliable among all other tools studied.
Graves' disease with pancytopenia: A rare case report
Authors: Meftah Neda , Sedaghat Sadegh , Rabizadeh Soghra , Seifouri Sara , Nasirimeh Khatereh , Nakhjavani Manouchehr 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageIn this case report we describe a patient with Grave's disease (GD) who was first diagnosed with pancytopenia and did not have any typical symptoms of GD. His hematologic abnormalities were alleviated after treatment with an anti‐thyroid drug. Hence, in patients with pancytopenia, GD should also be considered.AbstractA variety of hematologic abnormalities can be seen in Graves' disease (GD), however; here, we describe a patient with GD and a very rare complication; pancytopenia. His hematologic abnormalities and clinical status were alleviated after treatment with an anti‐thyroid drug. Hence, in patients with pancytopenia and normal bone marrow examination, GD should also be considered.
A nonneutralizing antibody as cause of prothrombin deficiency in a patient with follicular lymphoma
Authors: Augustsson Cecilia , Taxbro Knut , Strandberg Karin , Zetterberg Eva 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageAcquired inhibitors of blood coagulation are rare but of clinical importance. Prothrombin is a vitamin K‐dependent protein, and acquired antibodies toward prothrombin are often associated with the presence of lupus anticoagulant. We describe a previously healthy 70‐year‐old man presenting with both hemorrhage and thrombosis as well as a prolonged prothrombin time. At arrival at the hospital, he was diagnosed with deep venous thrombosis, and an enlarged lymph node in the left groin was noted (revealed as follicular lymphoma grade 1 by biopsy). Prothrombin activity and antibody titer were followed for 5 months with 15 sampling time points to monitor the treatment outcome of the patient. Diagnostic work‐up identified prothrombin deficiency as cause of bleeding. A nonneutralizing calcium‐dependent antiprothrombin antibody was found, suspected to increase the clearance of prothrombin, which has previously only occasionally been reported. Lupus anticoagulant was ruled out and thrombosis was judged to be caused by a combination of malignant disease and stagnant venous flow following enlarged lymph nodes in the groin. This report illustrates how investigation of prolonged global coagulation tests, triggered the diagnosis of a rare but critical condition, immune‐mediated prothrombin deficiency. The diagnosis is challenging and involves proper differential diagnosis.
Reversibility systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve after aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Huang Kun , Yang Jiaqi , Li Xuejie 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessagePatients with aortic valve replacement (AVR) for severe aortic stenosis (AS) will cause reversibility systolic anterior motion (SAM). This may occur because of afterload reduction caused by the relief of the AS and the prolonged anterior mitral valve. It is important to evaluate the mechanism of SAM by intraoperative real‐time transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).AbstractThis case video describes the presentation and successful treatment of a 58‐year‐old man who experienced post‐AVR SAM with dynamic (left ventricle outflow tract) LVOT obstruction. This case highlights the fact that patients with AVR for severe AS may cause reversible SAM. This may occur because of afterload reduction caused by the relief of the AS combined with the prolonged anterior mitral valve. It is important to evaluate the mechanism of SAM by intraoperative real‐time TEE and then make the surgical decision.
In‐situ Construction of Poly(tetraisopentyl acrylate) based Gel Polymer Electrolytes with LixLa2‐xTiO3 for High Energy Density Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhu Junli , Zhong Jiawei , Lin Yuhan , Wang Yating , Xie Tangtang , Shen Zhichuan , Li Jie , Shi Zhicong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs promising alternatives to liquid electrolytes, polymer electrolytes attract much research interest recently, but their widespread use is limited by the low ionic conductivity. In this study, we use electrostatic spinning to introduce particles of an ionic conductor into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers to prepare a porous membrane as the host of gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs). The relevant in‐situ produced GPE performs a high ionic conductivity of 6.0×10−3 S cm−1, and a high lithium transfer number (tLi+) of 0.85 at 30 °C, respectively. A symmetrical Li cell with this GPE can cycle stably for 550 h at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2. While the capacity retention of the NCM|GPE|Li cell is 79.84 % after 500 cycles at 2 C. Even with an increased cut‐off voltage of 4.5 V, the 1st coulomb efficiency reaches 91.58 % with a specific discharge capacity of 213.4 mAh g−1. This study provides a viable route for the practical application of high energy density lithium metal batteries.
Breast cancer survival in India across 11 geographic areas under the National Cancer Registry Programme
Authors: Sathishkumar Krishnan , Sankarapillai Jayasankar , Mathew Aleyamma , Nair Rekha A. , Gangane Nitin , Khuraijam Sushma , Barmon Debabrata , Pandya Shashank , Majumdar Gautam , Deshmane Vinay , Zomawia Eric , Bhutia Tseten Wangyal , Jerang Kaling , George Preethi Sara , Maliye Swapna , Laishram Rajesh , Das Gaurav , Shah Anand , Debbarma Shiromani , Koyande Shravani , Pachuau Lalawmpuii , Sherpa Ashok , Jongkey Gegong , Chaturvedi Meesha , Das Priyanka , Santhappan Stephen , Mathur Prashant 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPopulation‐based cancer survival is a key indicator for assessing the effectiveness of cancer control by a health care system in a specific geographic area. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in India, accounting for over one quarter of all female cancers. The objective of this study was to estimate the 5‐year survival of female patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer between 2012 and 2015 from the existing Population‐Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) in India.MethodsIn total, 17,331 patients who had breast cancer diagnosed between 2012 and 2015 from 11 PBCRs were followed until June 30, 2021. Active methods were used to track the vital status of registered breast cancer cases. The study conducted survival analysis by calculating the difference between the date of first diagnosis and the date of death or censoring to estimate observed survival and relative survival using the actuarial survival approach and the Ederer‐II approach, respectively.ResultsThe 5‐year age‐standardized relative survival (95% confidence interval [CI]) of patients with breast cancer was 66.4% (95% CI, 65.5%–67.3%). Mizoram (74.9%; 95% CI, 68.1%–80.8%), Ahmedabad urban (72.7%; 95% CI, 70.3%–74.9%), Kollam (71.5%; 95% CI, 69.2%–73.6%), and Thiruvananthapuram (69.1%; 95% CI, 67.0%–71.2%) had higher survival rates than the national average. Conversely, Pasighat had the lowest survival rate (41.9%; 95% CI, 14.7%–68.6%). The 5‐year observed survival rates for localized, regional, and distant metastasis in the pooled PBCRs were 81.0%, 65.5%, and 18.3%, respectively.ConclusionsThe overall disparity in survival rates was observed across 11 PBCRs, with lower survival rates reported in Manipur, Tripura, and Pasighat. Therefore, it is imperative to implement comprehensive cancer control strategies widely throughout the country.
Targeted Metabolic Investigation of Ligandrol and Analytical Methods Validation for Its Main Long‐term Metabolite
Authors: Angelis Yiannis S. , Sakellariou Panagiotis , Petrou Michael , Pitsinos Emmanuel N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrompted by the need for related analytical reference material in the frame of the fight against doping in sports, synthetic efforts towards the main long‐term bishydroxylated metabolite (LGD‐LTM1) of the nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) ligandrol have produced related derivatives that were exploited for a targeted metabolite analysis of urine samples obtained in the course of previous excretion studies of this SARM. Further clarifying ligandrol's metabolic profile, the availability of synthetic reference material permitted the structural elucidation of a previously reported pyrrolidinone‐type metabolite and revealed its potential analytical utility as an additional long‐term marker. Moreover, synthetic reference material enabled the comparison and validation of liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC‐MS)‐based and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS)‐based detection and identification methods focusing on the LGD‐LTM1 marker.
Discovery and Mechanistic Understanding of a Lipase from Rhizorhabdus dicambivorans for Efficient Ester Aminolysis in Aromatic Amines
Authors: Wang Jialing , Huang Zhuangzhuang , Xu Haodong , Nian Yong , Wu Bin , He Bingfang , Schenk Gerhard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe formation of amide bonds via aminolysis of esters by lipases generates a diverse range of amide frameworks in biosynthetic chemistry. Few lipases have satisfactory activity towards bulky aromatic amines despite numerous attempts to improve the efficiency of this transformation. Here, we report the discovery of a new intracellular lipase (Ndbn) with a broad substrate scope. Ndbn turns over a range of esters and aromatic amines in the presence of water (2 %; v/v), producing a high yield of multiple valuable amides. Remarkably, a higher conversion rate was observed for the synthesis of amides from substrates with aromatic amine rather than aliphatic amines. Molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) studies showcase the mechanism for the preference for aromatic amines, including a more suitable orientation, shorter catalytic distances in the active site pocket and a lower reaction barrier for aromatic than for aliphatic amines. This unique lipase is thus a promising biocatalyst for the efficient synthesis of aromatic amides.
Simulation of the impact of particle recycling on the plasma in MPS‐LD device based on the BOUT++ LPD module
Authors: Wang Yue , Sun Changjiang , Sang Chaofeng , Li Nami , Bian Yu , Wu Jintao , Zhang Mingzhou , Peng Yao , Zhang Yanjie , Gao Shuaishuai , Wang Dezhen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA linear plasma device (LPD) module has been developed under the BOUT++ framework to simulate plasma transport in the MPS‐LD. However, previously, the LPD module used a simplistic neutral particle model that only includes particle density and velocity, which prevents the full understanding of the plasma‐neutrals interactions. In this work, we further optimize the neutral model by using a more complete neutral fluid model containing the continuity equation, momentum equation, and energy equation. The reactions such as charge exchange, excitation, and radiation collisions are included. Since the neutral particle source is mainly provided by particle recycling from the target, a particle recycling model is employed, which includes both fast reflection and slow thermal release. The upgraded LPD module is applied to simulate the argon (Ar) discharge experiment of MPS‐LD, and the benchmark against experiment measurement and SOLPS‐ITER simulation results are presented. Good agreements are obtained, showing the validation of the upgraded module. After that, the impact of particle recycling on Ar plasma is investigated. It is found that a higher recycling coefficient (R) promotes the achievement of high‐density plasma at the target. The recycled Ar atoms change target plasma pressure as well as plasma‐neutral collisions, which both contribute to plasma momentum loss, thus promoting the rollover of ion flux to the target.
Efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided gallbladder drainage without dilation by using a 0.035‐inch stiff guidewire
Authors: Ono Michihiro , Ikeda Yuki , Ohmori Ginji , Arihara Yohei , Shibuya Ryo , Uesugi Atsushi , Oiwa Shutaro , Ito Ryo , Usami Makoto , Yamada Michiko , Abe Tomoyuki , Maeda Masahiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided gallbladder drainage for patients with cholecystitis and high surgical risk is commonly performed by dilating the fistula before inserting the delivery sheath; however, this carries an increased risk of peritonitis. To overcome this problem, we developed a new technique that did not require dilation, using a 0.035‐inch stiff guidewire, and retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of this technique. This retrospective case series report collected data on non‐surgical patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound‐guided gallbladder drainage for various indications at Steel Memorial Muroran Hospital between November 2020 and October 2022. A total of 71 patients were included (mean age 83 ± 7.6 years; 33 women and 38 men). Breakthrough of the delivery sheath without dilation of the fistula was successful in 97.2% (n = 69) of patients. The success rate of stent placement was 98.6% (n = 70), as was the clinical success rate. Complications occurred in 2.8% (n = 2) of patients. Early and late adverse events occurred in 2.8% (n = 2) and 12.7% (n = 9) of patients, respectively. The mean procedure time was 24.8 ± 9.3 min. If a 0.035‐inch stiff guidewire is used, the dilation procedure can be omitted in the endoscopic ultrasound‐guided gallbladder drainage using self‐expandable metal stents.
Associations between low body weight, weight loss, and medical instability in adults with eating disorders
Authors: Gibson Dennis , Stein Amy , Khatri Vishnupriya , Wesselink Delaney , Sitko Shelby , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe physical complications of atypical anorexia nervosa remain understudied, with most studies completed in adolescents. This study seeks to examine the impact of various weight measures as predictors of medical instability in a large cohort of adult eating disorder patients.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, the impact of admission body mass index (BMI), weight suppression, and recent weight loss (the rate of weight loss within the last 12 months) toward the development of medical complications of malnutrition were examined. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association of binary clinical outcomes of interest with recent weight loss and weight suppression (adjusting for age, admission BMI, gender, and purging behaviors). Odds ratios (OR) and 99% confidence intervals were reported.ResultsGreater recent weight loss increased the odds of developing low prealbumin and reduced hand grip strength. A greater weight suppression was associated with increased likelihood of amenorrhea, reduced systolic blood pressure, nadir hemoglobin, and weekly weight gain upon nutritional rehabilitation. Lower admission BMI was predictive of all the medical outcomes examined, with the exception of bradycardia, and was generally the strongest predictor based on standardized coefficients.DiscussionRecent weight loss and weight suppression are predictive of some of the physiologic changes of malnutrition, although low BMI is seemingly the greatest predictor for the development of these complications. These findings suggest that some patients with aggressive weight suppression and/or acute weight loss would benefit from medical stabilization, although this needs to be further defined.Public SignificanceIn adults, low BMI seems to be a better predictor of medical complications than weight suppression or aggressive recent weight loss. In adults, greater weight suppression is associated with increased likelihood of amenorrhea, reduced systolic blood pressure, nadir hemoglobin, and weight gain upon nutritional rehabilitation.
Research progress of corneal endothelial cell regeneration and replacement
Authors: Li Zongyi , Duan Haoyun , Zhou Qingjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCorneal endothelial cells (CECs) are crucial for the maintenance of corneal transparency and normal visual function. Corneal endothelial dysfunction can lead to corneal edema, opacity, and even blindness. Due to the limited proliferative capacity of human CECs and the global shortage of donor cornea, corneal endothelial regeneration and replacement always represent the most challenge in the basic research and clinical treatment of corneal diseases. Although there is a potential existence of corneal endothelial progenitor cells, the efficiency of Descemet stripping without endothelial keratoplasty remains controversial. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the field of cultured endothelial cell regeneration and artificial material replacement. Here, we reviewed the current research and clinical progress of corneal endothelial cell regeneration and replacement, including the in vitro cultivation of primary human CECs, in vitro differentiation of stem cell‐derived CECs, tissue‐engineered corneal endothelium, and fabrication of artificial corneal endothelium. We also discussed the remaining questions regarding innovating clinical preventive and therapeutic strategies for corneal endothelial dysfunction.
Difluoroethylation Reactions of Organic Compounds
Authors: Tian Yunfei , Zheng Luping , Guo Dongyu , Fu Weijun , Li Zejiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGiven the profound effect of fluorine‐containing groups in improving the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the parent compound, the fluorine‐containing groups were receiving increasing attention in the medicinal, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and material sciences. Unlike well‐developed trifluoromethylation and difluoromethylation reactions, the efficient and mild methods for rapid introduction of CF2Me are still underdeveloped, despite their important applications in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. This concept describes recent progress in difluoroethylation functionalization.
Mendelian randomization study of lipid metabolism characteristics and migraine risk
Authors: Hong Peiwei , Han Lin , Wan Yang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe association between serum lipids and migraine is controversial. However, randomized controlled trials have suggested that statins may be efficacious for the prevention of migraine. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between lipids metabolism and migraine risk.MethodsSingle‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), relating to the serum lipid traits and the effect of lipid‐lowering drugs that target APOB, CETP, HMGCR, NPC1L1, and PCSK9, were extracted from genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) summary data. The GWAS summary data were obtained from the Global Lipids Genetic Consortium (GLGC), the UK Biobank, and the FinnGen study, respectively. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate the association between serum lipid traits and lipid‐lowering drugs with migraine risk.ResultsRegarding serum lipids, it was found that SNPs related to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (non‐HDL‐C), total cholesterol (TC), or triglycerides (TG) levels were not associated with migraine, migraine with aura (MA) or migraine without aura (MO). In addition, genotypes of HMGCR related to higher LDL‐C levels were associated with increased risk of migraine (OR = 1.46, p = 0.035) and MA (OR = 2.03, p = 0.008); However, genotypes of PCSK9 related to higher LDL‐C levels were associated with decreased risk of migraine (OR = 0.75, p = 0.001) and MA (OR = 0.69, p = 0.004); And genotypes of APOB related to higher LDL‐C levels were associated with decreased risk of MO (OR = 0.62, p = 0.000).ConclusionsThere is a relationship between lipid metabolism characteristics and migraine risk.SignificanceBased on the genome‐wide association summary data, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (non‐HDL‐C), total cholesterol (TC), or triglycerides (TG) level were not associated with risk of migraine, migraine with aura (MA) or migraine without aura (MO). However, genotypes of HMGCR related to higher LDL‐C levels have shown an increased risk on migraine and MA. And genotypes of APOB or PCSK9 related to higher LDL‐C levels have shown a decreased risk on MO, or migraine and MA, respectively. These results suggested that there may be a relationship between lipid metabolism characteristics and the risk for migraine development.
Diversity and use of plant collections of the Lagos University Herbarium, Nigeria
Authors: Igbari Aramide Dolapo , Onuminya Temitope Olabisi , Nodza George Isaac , Ogundipe Oluwatoyin Temitayo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to gain insights into the diversity and use of the collections of the Lagos University Herbarium (LUH), Nigeria. A total of 1509 species representing 188 plant families in 57 plant orders were recorded. This comprises dicotyledons (1260); monocotyledons (217); ferns (29); moss (1); conifers (1); and macro algae (1). About 1007 species of the collection are indigenous while 502 are exotic species. Herbaceous life form is the most abundant, representing 38% of the species recorded. Also, 1380 (91.4%) of the species have a recorded use while 129 (8.6%) had no known use in literature. A total of 1994 uses were recorded and distributed across 8 use categories. Of these, 52.9% are single use, 24.1% are dual use, and 23.0% have multiple uses. Plants used for medicine had the highest frequency (52.6%), followed by materials (13.8%), food plants (10.8%), environmental uses (7.3%), social uses (5.7%), animal feed (5.0%), fuel (3.0%), and poison (1.8%). The Fabaceae family had the highest use record followed by Rubiaceae, Poaceae, Malvaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. The diversity of use of species recorded in this study provides information for biodiversity research, resource planning, and sustainable usage of species.