bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction and validation of chronic pain prediction model after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Qian Juan , Wang Xuesong 
Published: February 2024

Objective: To explore the risk factors of chronic pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to establish and verify a prediction model.
Methods: As a retrospective observational study, medical records of 239 patients who underwent TKA in Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from January 2020 to December 2022 were reviewed. Fifty four patients suffered from chronic pain after TKA surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze factors associated with the occurrence of chronic pain after TKA. A nomogram prediction model was established based on the identified independent risk factors, and its predictive effectiveness was evaluated.
Results: Gender, postoperative 24-hourss numerical rating scale (NRS) and postoperative three months Hospital for Special Surgery Knee-Rating (HSS) scores were independent risk factors for chronic pain after TKA (p<0.05). The area of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of the nomogram model based on these factors was 0.904 (95% confidence interval [CI): 0.861-0.947), which indicates a good predictive value for the postoperative chronic pain. When the optimal cut off value was selected, the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 92.6% and 74.1%, respectively, indicating that the predictive model is effective.
Conclusions: Gender, postoperative 24-hours NRS and postoperative three months HSS score are independent risk factors for chronic pain after TKA. The nomogram prediction model based on these factors is effective and can provide auxiliary reference for patients with chronic pain after TKA.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8979
How to cite this: Qian J, Wang X. Construction and validation of chronic pain prediction model after total knee arthroplasty. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):657-662. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8979
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Application of the metagenomic next-generation sequencing in diagnosis and therapy of chronic kidney disease patients with infections
Authors: Liang Dongrui , Li Xiaodong 
Published: February 2024

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.9244
How to cite this: Liang D, Li X. Application of the metagenomic next-generation sequencing in diagnosis and therapy of chronic kidney disease patients with infections. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):791-792. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.9244
The role of inositol in improving fertility in patients with PCOS
Authors: Turek Kamila , Greguła Anna , Stachyrak Karol , Mika Dawid , Kłos Aleksandra , Mazur Bartosz , Lambach Maciej , Pawlicki Mateusz , Mazurek Aleksandra , Wilanowska Wiktoria 
Published: February 2024

Introduction and purpose
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common reproductive disorder, accompanied primarily by hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), have emerged as potential therapeutic agents due to their role as insulin sensitizers. This article examines the effects of inositol therapy on fertility in women with PCOS and its role in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Studies suggest that inositols alleviate irregular menstruation, reduce androgen levels and positively affect ovulation rates. MI supplementation has also shown positive effects during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and IVF procedures, reducing the required FSH dose and cycle length. However, despite positive results on ovulation and menstrual regularity, the article indicates the need for further studies to establish inositol as standard ART therapy in patients with PCOS.
Material and methods
The following review was based on articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Key search terms included polycystic ovary syndrome; assisted reproductive treatment, insulin resistance, inositols, Myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol.
Conclusions
Inositols are a promising therapeutic option for women with PCOS. They have been shown to have positive effects on improving insulin sensitivity and fertility. However, despite inositol's safety and easy availability, the ideal dose and timing of use, the appropriate MI/DCI ratio, as well as the potential side effects of excess DCI and the problem of inositol resistance, require further comprehensive studies.
AS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E O PROCESSO ARBITRAL TRIBUTÁRIO EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Fernandes da Costa Suzana , Araújo Ana Martins 
Published: February 2024

O processo arbitral tributário português constitui um meio alternativo de resolução de litígios em matéria tributária inovador e é um exemplo de sucesso a nível internacional. Criado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 10/2011, de 20 de janeiro, constitui uma alternativa relevante à jurisdição fiscal de primeira instância exercida pelos tribunais institucionais do Estado, nos processos abrangidos pelo disposto no artigo 2.º do RJAT (Regime Jurídico da Arbitragem em Matéria Tributária).
O processo arbitral assenta numa utilização intensiva dos meios eletrónicos, nomeadamente da plataforma existente no site do CAAD, o que se traduz numa desmaterialização do processo. A utilização das novas tecnologias e algumas regras específicas do regime da arbitragem permite que o tempo médio de conclusão dos processos ronde os cinco meses.
Nesta comunicação analisaremos de que forma o processo arbitral se tramita e até que ponto é que as novas tecnologias marcam cada uma das suas fases. Veremos que o uso dos meios eletrónicos potencia uma maior eficiência em matéria de produção de prova, livre organização do processo e dispensa de algumas formalidades face aos tribunais tributários tradicionais.
A cluster-randomized trial of client and provider-directed financial interventions to align incentives with appropriate case management in retail medicine outlets: Results of the TESTsmART Trial in western Kenya
Authors: Laktabai Jeremiah , Kimachas Emmah , Kipkoech Joseph , Menya Diana , Arthur David , Zhou Yunji , Chepkwony Tabitha , Abel Lucy , Robie Emily , Amunga Mark , Ambani George , Woldeghebriel Meley , Garber Elizabeth , Eze Nwamaka , Mudabai Pamela , Gallis John A. , Fashanu Chizoba , Saran Indrani , Woolsey Aaron , Visser Theodoor , Turner Elizabeth L. , Prudhomme O’Meara Wendy 
Published: February 2024

ACTs are responsible for a substantial proportion of the global reduction in malaria mortality over the last ten years, made possible by publicly-funded subsidies making these drugs accessible and affordable in the private sector. However, inexpensive ACTs available in retail outlets have contributed substantially to overconsumption. We test an innovative, scalable strategy to target ACT-subsidies to clients with a confirmatory diagnosis. We supported malaria testing(mRDTs) in 39 medicine outlets in western Kenya, randomized to three study arms; control arm offering subsidized mRDT testing (0.4USD), client-directed intervention where all clients who received a positive RDT at the outlet were eligible for a free (fully-subsidized) ACT, and a combined client and provider directed intervention where clients with a positive RDT were eligible for free ACT and outlets received 0.1USD for every RDT performed. Our primary outcome was the proportion of ACT dispensed to individuals with a positive diagnostic test. Secondary outcomes included proportion of clients tested at the outlet and adherence to diagnostic test results. 43% of clients chose to test at the outlet. Test results informed treatment decisions, resulting in targeting of ACTs to confirmed malaria cases– 25.3% of test-negative clients purchased an ACT compared to 75% of untested clients. Client-directed and client+provider-directed interventions did not offer further improvements, compared to the control arm, in testing rates(RD = 0.09, 95%CI:-0.08,0.26) or dispensing of ACTs to test-positive clients(RD = 0.01,95% CI:-0.14, 0.16). Clients were often unaware of the price they paid for the ACT leading to uncertainty in whether the ACT subsidy was passed on to the client. This uncertainty undermines our ability to definitively conclude that client-directed subsidies are not effective for improving testing and appropriate treatment. We conclude that mRDTs could reduce ACT overconsumption in the private retail sector, but incentive structures are difficult to scale and their value to private providers is uncertain.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04428307.
The causal effects of age at menarche and age at menopause on sepsis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Guo Na , Zhang Lu , He Nannan , Guo Hong , Liu Jian 
Published: February 2024

Objectives
To determine whether the age at menarche (AAM) and the age at menopause (ANM) are causally related to the development of sepsis.

Methods
We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis by utilizing summary statistics from genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for both the exposure and outcome variables. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that exhibited significant associations with AAM and ANM were chosen as instrumental variables to estimate the causal effects on sepsis. Our study employed a variety of methods, including MR-Egger regression, weighted median estimation, inverse variance weighting, a simple model, and a weighted model. Odds ratios (ORs) along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as the primary indicators for assessing causality. Furthermore, we conducted sensitivity analyses to explore the presence of genetic heterogeneity and validate the robustness of the tools employed.

Result
Our analysis revealed a significant negative causal relationship between AAM and the risk of sepsis (IVW: OR = 0.870, 95% CI = 0.793–0.955, P = 0.003). However, our Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis did not yield sufficient evidence to support a causal link between ANM and sepsis (IVW: OR = 0.987, 95% CI = 0.971–1.004, P = 0.129).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that an earlier AAM may be associated with an increased risk of sepsis. However, we did not find sufficient evidence to support a causal relationship between ANM and sepsis.
La necesidad de la Comisión Europea de centralizar la prevención de la delincuencia
Authors: Soto Urpina Carles , Herrera Panadés Alma 
Published: February 2024

Los 27 países de la Unión Europea desarrollan la potestad nacional de la prevención de la delincuencia, aunque en diferentes formas y niveles de implicación. Identificar y analizar las estrategias nacionales de prevención de la delincuencia indicará la falta de concentración y disparidad de la implementación. La Criminología, como ciencia transdisciplinar, analiza la delincuencia y se argumenta como esencial para proponer, ejecutar y evaluar políticas públicas de prevención. Nuevos avances de la Criminología basándose en la evidencia pueden facilitar la focalización de la prevención de la delincuencia en la eficiencia en todo el territorio europeo. Los observatorios de la delincuencia se dedican a proporcionar información relevante y actualizada sobre el fenómeno de la delincuencia y la violencia con el fin de contribuir a las políticas públicas de prevención y reducir la criminalidad. En la UE de los 27 existen diferentes observatorios o centros o consejos de prevención, pero carece de una agencia que concentre esta disparidad de tratamiento de la prevención. La Red Europea de Prevención de la Delincuencia (EUCPN) fue creada en el 2001 y ha tenido diferentes épocas de desarrollo. Actualmente se ha realizado una evaluación de esta Red, publicada en junio de 2023, que analiza y facilita la discusión de este artículo. Además, se proponen unas mejoras en la concentración de la prevención de la delincuencia de la Unión que quieren argumentar el objetivo de este artículo.
What is lignin - the evolution of views (review)
Authors: Yevstigneyev Eduard Ivanovich 
Published: February 2024

The review considers changes in ideas about the biosynthesis, structure and functions of lignin in plants, starting from early mentions and up to the present. Alternative points of view on the process of lignin biosynthesis, its spatial and supramolecular structure, and the nature of lignincarbohydrate bonds are presented.
A special place in the review is occupied by the results of studies of lignin modification with the aim of reducing the content and changing the composition of monomer units by genetic engineering methods. Comparison of the structure of lignins isolated from transgenic and mutant trees, as well as herbaceous plants, showed that lignin biosynthesis is plastic and, in addition to canonical monolignols (coniferyl, synapic, and coumaric alcohols), other phenolic compounds can also participate in it.
The study of the so-called "stress lignins" showed that lignin plays an important role in protecting plants from adverse environmental influences: mechanical damage, drought, low temperatures, pathogens, etc.
The results of studies of the genetic modification of lignin made it possible to outline a program for directed modification of the biosynthesis process in order to obtain designer lignins, i.e. lignins with desired properties. This group also includes the so-called zip-lignins. They are distinguished by the presence of ester bonds between phenylpropane units.
It is noted that, when conducting research in the field of genetic engineering, it is necessary to find a compromise between improving the processing of plant materials due to the modification of lignin and the viability of transgenic plants.
Interventional Treatment Options for the Prevention of Amputation in Patients With Lower Extremity Wounds From Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Torun Akin , Bildirici Ulas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Peripheral arterial disease and related lower extremity wounds are prominent causes of amputation. Revascularization may reduce amputation rates or the amputation margin more distally in patients with peripheral arterial disease who have wounds resulting from critical limb ischemia. This study examined the association of risk factors and intervention types with amputation rates in patients with critical lower extremity arterial disease.

Methods
A total of 211 patients who underwent peripheral intervention because of foot wound were followed up for 12 months after the intervention. All patients had lower extremity wounds resulting from peripheral arterial disease. The effects of treatment approaches were compared in patients who underwent and did not undergo amputation.

Results
Revascularization of the anterior tibial artery reduced the amputation rate by 6.52 times compared with occlusion. Posterior tibial artery revascularization reduced the amputation rate by 49.95 times.

Conclusion
In this study of percutaneous intervention methods for prevention of amputation, the most effective option was revascularization of the posterior tibial artery and anterior tibial artery. Considering these results, treatment of critical peripheral arterial disease can be cost-effective and efficient and may shorten procedure time.
IMPLIKASI HUKUM PERJANJIAN KEMITRAAN SUKARELA FOREST LAW ENFORCEMENT, GOVERNANCE, AND TRADING (FLEGT-VPA) ANTARA INDONESIA DAN UNI EROPA TERHADAP KAYU DAN PRODUK KAYU INDONESIA
Authors: Sugandi Muhammad Husni , Priyono FX, Joko , Samekto FX. Adji 
Published: February 2024

Perjanjian Kemitraan Sukarela Forest Law Enforcement, Governance, and Trading (FLEGT-VPA) merupakan perjanjian bilateral antara Indonesia dan Uni Eropa di bidang penegakan hukum, peningkatan tata kelola, dan perdagangan kayu dan produk kayu, yang merupakan respon terhadap aksi pembalakan liar di negara-negara produsen kayu. Di mana fokus dari perjanjian ini adalah perdagangan kayu dan produk kayu legal. Dalam kerangka perdagangan WTO, negara-negara anggota harus tunduk terhadap aturan perdagangan GATT/WTO. permasalahan yang hukum yang timbul adalah bagaimana implikasi hukum FLEGT-VPA terhadap aturan perdagangan WTO dan ketentuan-ketentuan dalam GATT 1994 serta apakah pemberlakuan EU Timber Regulation yang melegitimasi aturan peredaran kayu dan produk kayu legal sebagai suatu hambatan teknis dalam aturan perdagangan WTO. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa FLEGT-VPA tidak melanggar ketentuan-ketentuan dalam GATT maupun ketentuan perdagangan WTO, kedua ditemukan bahwa EU Timber Regulation bukanlah merupakan suatu hambatan teknis.
DISPARITAS PIDANA DALAM PUTUSAN HAKIM DI PENGADILAN NEGERI SEMARANG TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN
Authors: Bhakti Rizky Atswari , Putrajaya Nyoman Serikat , Pujiyono Pujiyono 
Published: February 2024

Disparitas pidana adalah penerapan sanksi pidana yang tidak sama terhadap tindak pidana yang sama atau sejenis atau terhadap tindak-tindak pidana yang sifat berbahayanya dapat di perbandingkan tanpa dasar pembenaran yang jelas. Disparitas pidana membawa problematika tersendiri dalam penegakan hukum di Indonesia. Pemidanaan yang berbeda atau disparitas pidana merupakan bentuk dari diskresi hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan, di sisi lain pemidanaan yang berbeda atau disparitas pidana ini pun membawa ketidakpuasan bagi terpidana bahkan masyarakat.Faktor penyebab disparitas pidana dapat bersumber dari hukum itu sendiri dan juga bersumber pada diri hakim. Baik yang bersifat eksternal maupun internal. Disparitas pidana ini kedepannya dapat di minimalisir dengan menerapkan pedoman pidana “sentencing guidelines” yaitu ada dua variabel yang mengaturnya, yakni satu; keadaan-keadaan yang meliputi tindak pidana (yang menentukan tingkatan atau level dari tindak pidana tersebut), dua; catatan kriminal dari pelaku tindak pidana (misal residive, pelaku gabungan tindak pidana dan lain sebagainya). Usaha lain untuk meminimalisir disparitas yaitu meningkatkan peranan pengadilan banding dan di bentuknya komisi-komisi yudisial guna mengawasi kinerja hakim dalam memutus suatu perkara.Penulisan hukum tentang Disparitas Pidana dalam Putusan Hakim di Pengadilan Negeri Semarang Terhadap Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis empiris. Dikaitkan dengan pendekatan empiris yang mengkaji pada kenyataan yang terjadi terhadap disparitas pidana yang ada di Pengadilan Negeri Semarang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan observasi penelitian mengenai fakta-fakta yang didapat melalui wawancara dan diaplikasikan dengan di dasari teori-teori hukum yang ada, dengan wawancara dengan Hakim majelis di Pengadilan Negeri Semarang, serta melihat dan mengkaji putusan terkait dengan disparitas pidana terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan yang terjadi di Kota Semarang. Penulisan hukum ini dapat dilihat bahwa disparitas putusan hakim dalam tindak pidana pembunuhan di mungkinkan selama disparitas itu tidak mencolok. Artinya dengan putusannya dapat memenuhi rasa keadilan bagi terdakwa dan masyarakat karena setiap kasus memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda antara yang satu dengan yang lain. Oleh karena itu, hakim dalam putusannya tidak boleh mementingkan unsur objektif dari pelaku saja. Selain itu agar putusan hakim bisa memenuhi rasa keadilan, maka diperlukan kerja sama antara aparat penegak hukum yang meliputi; Kepolisian, Kejaksaan, Hakim, Pengacara, Komisi Yudisial, Lembaga Pemasyarakatan dan masyarakat.
КОРЕКЦІЯ ФІЗИЧНОГО СТАНУ ДІТЕЙ 5-6 РОКІВ ЯКІ ЗАЙМАЮТЬСЯ ГІМНАСТИКОЮ В СПОРТИВНИХ ШКОЛАХ
Authors: Маланій Юрій 
Published: February 2024

Мета. Здійснити теоретичний аналіз та узагальнення соціально-педагогічного спрямування оздоровчої гімнастики для дітей 5-6 років. Методи. Під час дослідження використано теоретичний аналіз, систематизація, порівняння різних поглядів на досліджувану проблему, методи математичної статистики та обробки даних. Результати. Оздоровча гімнастика для дітей — найкорисніший метод фізичного розвитку, що сприяє зміцненню дитячого організму, що запобігає появі серйозних проблем зі здоров’ям. Фахівці з оздоровчої гімнастики, в першу чергу, роблять упор на фізичний розвиток дитини. Висновок. Основна умова дитячої оздоровчої гімнастики — отримання задоволення, бажання дитини продовжувати тренувальні заняття.
Luces y sombras del copago en el sistema para la autonomía y atención a la dependencia
Authors: Ayala González Eduardo 
Published: February 2024

Los servicios públicos esenciales, tradicionalmente, han sido financiados a través de impuestos. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, un nuevo concepto tributario ha surgido en nuestro país: el copago. La crisis del Estado de bienestar ha hecho que el gobierno saliera en busca de nuevos mecanismos de financiación para tratar de mantener los Presupuesto Generales equilibrados con graves consecuencias para aquellos que son más vulnerables: las personas dependientes. Este trabajo tiene el objetivo de estudiar los problemas que desde un punto de vista jurídico ha suscitado el establecimiento del copago en los servicios de Sistema para la Autonomía y Atención a la Dependencia (SAAD).
Behavior of helical reinforced concrete columns subjected to cyclic loading
Authors: Al-Habbobi Alaa M. , Habelalmateen Mohsen A. , Salman Nassr N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHelical concrete columns are a new type of structural members which arose in new twisted buildings to satisfy architectural purposes. Helical concrete columns have a unique geometry which depends on the values of twist angle (ϕ) and the tilt distance of the center of rotation. According to the ACI T1.1R-01:2001 guidelines, a combined effect of axial load and lateral cyclic displacement protocol was applied to twelve specimens. Nonlinear finite element method was used to conduct the analysis and the numerical simulation for the helical reinforced concrete columns. The findings of the study revealed that the value of the buckling load, lateral displacement and the drift angle of helical concrete columns are significantly affected by the tilting distance of the rotation center and the twist angle.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MUSYARAKAH FINANCING IN ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA IN RELATION TO DEFAULTS BUSINESS PARTNERS
Authors: Sumiati Sumiati , Akmaliyah Akmaliyah 
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze the implementation of musyarakah financing in Islamic banks in Indonesia related to the default of business partners. The principal banking law states that the function of banking in Indonesia is to collect and distribute funds. Islamic banking law regulates various types of financing, including musyarakah financing. The method used in this research is descriptive analytical method using qualitative approach. The results of this research discussion show that legal protection for the parties in musyarakah financing in the event of default by business partners consists of: first, legal protection provided by law, namely protected by the Banking Law, especially Articles 1, 7 and 8, second, legal protection based on musyarakah contracts/agreements, in the form of : First, if the business partner has been classified into the collectibility of bad debts, the bank can confiscate the collateral and then proceed with the auction. Second, submitting the dispute to a Islamic arbitration body or court. Meanwhile, the efforts of Islamic banks if there are indications that there will be defaults by business partners in musyarakah financing are to addendum the contract.