bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical and histomorphological analysis of the mandible in rats with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Hu Ta-la , Chen Jun , Shao Shen-quan , Li Le-le , Lai Can , Gao Wu-niri , Xu Rui-feng , Meng Yan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the biomechanical and histomorphological features of mandibles in an adenine-induced chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) rat model of CKD. A total of 14 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into the following two groups: control group and CKD group. At the end of the sixth week, all rats were euthanized, and serum was collected for biochemical marker tests. Macroscopic bone growth and biomechanical parameters were measured in the right hemimandible, while the left hemimandible was used for bone histomorphometric analysis. Compared to the control group, the CKD group showed a significant increase in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and serum parathyroid hormone at the end of the sixth week. The biomechanical structural properties significantly decreased in the CKD group compared to the control group. Bone histomorphometric analysis indicated that the trabecular bone volume of rats in the CKD group was significantly lower than that of the control group. In the CKD groups, the bone formation parameters of the trabecular bone were significantly increased, while the bone mineralization apposition rates of both the trabecular bone and periosteal cortical bone were significantly increased. The rat CKD model showed deteriorated structural mechanics, low trabecular bone volume, high trabecular bone formation, increased trabecular bone mineralization apposition rate, and increased cortical bone mineralization apposition rate, which met the characteristics of osteitis fibrosa, indicating that this model is a useful tool for the study of mandible diseases in CKD patients.
Global trend analysis of diabetes mellitus incidence, mortality, and mortality-to-incidence ratio from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Balooch Hasankhani Mohammadreza , Mirzaei Hossein , Karamoozian Ali 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common chronic disease and a public health challenge worldwide. The present study aimed to analyze the trend in DM incidence, mortality, and mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) world over 30 years. The age-standardized DM incidence and mortality rates for both genders and different countries of the world from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and the Human Development Index (HDI) was obtained for all countries from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) database. The mean trends for the indicators for developing countries, developed countries, and all countries were evaluated using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) and the spline model. The estimates showed that the global mean trend of DM incidence from 1990 to 2019 followed an upward trend with an annual increase of 3.73 cases per 100,000 people. The global mean of DM mortality followed an upward trend with an annual increase of 0.43 cases until 2005 followed by a downward trend after this year with an annual decrease of 0.14 and the global mean MIR followed a downward trend during the same period with an annual decrease of 0.001 per 100,000 people. Besides, the mean incidence of DM in developing countries followed an upward trend similar to the trend in developed countries. Additionally, the mean mortality rate due to DM in developing countries increased with a slope of 0.62 until 2005 and then decreased with a slope of 0.02, and the mean MIR trend in the developed and developing countries showed a downward trend. Thus, developed countries followed a relatively faster decrease in MIR than developing countries.The data from the present study show the increased incidence of DM has made it one of the most important health concerns in the world, and if this issue is not addressed, this disease can cause more concerns for communities in the coming years. This being so, more DM prevention and control programs need to be put into practice.
Forecasting the carbon footprint of civil buildings under different floor area growth trends and varying energy supply methods
Authors: Teng Jiaying , Yin Hang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe energy consumption and carbon footprint of buildings are significantly impacted by variations in building area and the number of households. Therefore, it is crucial to forecast the growth trend of building area and number of households. A validated time series model is used to predict the new building area in Jilin Province from 2023 to 2030. The new building area in Jilin Province is expected to exhibit two trends of growth in the future: rapid growth (S1) and slow growth (S2). By 2030, under the S1 growth trend, the residential construction area and public building construction area in Jilin Province are expected to be 30.26 Mm2 (million square meters) and 7.23 Mm2, respectively. If the future floor area grows slowly under the S2 trend, the new floor area of different types will be 8.26 Mm2 and 1.33 Mm2 by 2030, respectively. The population growth shows a downward trend. Therefore, the energy consumption and carbon footprint of new buildings with different growth trends of floor areas and the number of households can be predicted. The energy consumption of new buildings shows an increasing trend from 0.32 Mtce in 2023 to 0.55 Mtce in 2030 under the S1 trend and a slight downward trend under the S2 trend. The carbon footprint is expected to be reduced by 0.017–0.311 million tons of CO2 when using heat pumps to supply 10–50% of the heat and wind and solar to supply 10–50% of the electricity. For every 10% increase in the use of ultra-low energy buildings, the energy consumption of civil buildings decreases in the range of 0.0063–0.028 Mtce. If the use of heat pumps and renewable energy increases by 10%, the energy consumption of civil buildings decreases in the range of 0.0054–0.0249 Mtce.
Machine learning identifies phenotypic profile alterations of human dopaminergic neurons exposed to bisphenols and perfluoroalkyls
Authors: Di Credico Andrea , Weiss Amélie , Corsini Massimo , Gaggi Giulia , Ghinassi Barbara , Wilbertz Johannes H. , Di Baldassarre Angela 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by the loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are active substances that interfere with hormonal signaling. Among EDCs, bisphenols (BPs) and perfluoroalkyls (PFs) are chemicals leached from plastics and other household products, and humans are unavoidably exposed to these xenobiotics. Data from animal studies suggest that EDCs exposure may play a role in PD, but data about the effect of BPs and PFs on human models of the nervous system are lacking. Previous studies demonstrated that machine learning (ML) applied to microscopy data can classify different cell phenotypes based on image features. In this study, the effect of BPs and PFs at different concentrations within the real-life exposure range (0.01, 0.1, 1, and 2 µM) on the phenotypic profile of human stem cell-derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons (mDANs) was analyzed. Cells exposed for 72 h to the xenobiotics were stained with neuronal markers and evaluated using high content microscopy yielding 126 different phenotypic features. Three different ML models (LDA, XGBoost and LightGBM) were trained to classify EDC-treated versus control mDANs. EDC treated mDANs were identified with high accuracies (0.88–0.96). Assessment of the phenotypic feature contribution to the classification showed that EDCs induced a significant increase of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) staining intensity within the neurons. Moreover, microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) neurite length and branching were significantly diminished in treated neurons. Our study shows that human mDANs are adversely impacted by exposure to EDCs, causing their phenotype to shift and exhibit more characteristics of PD. Importantly, ML-supported high-content imaging can identify concrete but subtle subcellular phenotypic changes that can be easily overlooked by visual inspection alone and that define EDCs effects in mDANs, thus enabling further pathological characterization in the future.
Thyroid hormone-regulated chromatin landscape and transcriptional sensitivity of the pituitary gland
Authors: Cho Young-Wook , Fu Yulong , Huang Chen-Che Jeff , Wu Xuefeng , Ng Lily , Kelley Kevin A. , Vella Kristen R. , Berg Anders H. , Hollenberg Anthony N. , Liu Hong , Forrest Douglas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThyroid hormone (3,5,3’-triiodothyronine, T3) is a key regulator of pituitary gland function. The response to T3 is thought to hinge crucially on interactions of nuclear T3 receptors with enhancers but these sites in pituitary chromatin remain surprisingly obscure. Here, we investigate genome-wide receptor binding in mice using tagged endogenous thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) and analyze T3-regulated open chromatin using an anterior pituitary-specific Cre driver (Thrbb2Cre). Strikingly, T3 regulates histone modifications and chromatin opening primarily at sites that maintain TRβ binding regardless of T3 levels rather than at sites where T3 abolishes or induces de novo binding. These sites associate more frequently with T3-activated than T3-suppressed genes. TRβ-deficiency blunts T3-regulated gene expression, indicating that TRβ confers transcriptional sensitivity. We propose a model of gene activation in which poised receptor-enhancer complexes facilitate adjustable responses to T3 fluctuations, suggesting a genomic basis for T3-dependent pituitary function or pituitary dysfunction in thyroid disorders.
Atsttrin regulates osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis through the TNFR pathway
Authors: Liu Kaiwen , Wang Zihao , Liu Jinbo , Zhao Wei , Qiao Fei , He Qiting , Shi Jie , Meng Qunbo , Wei Jianlu , Cheng Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disorder for which inflammatory cytokines play an important role. To develop new osteoporosis treatments, strategies for improving the microenvironment for osteoblast and osteoclast balance are needed. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an important role in the initiation and development of osteoporosis. Atsttrin is an engineered protein derived from the growth factor, progranulin (PGRN). The present study investigates whether Atsttrin affects osteoclast formation and osteoblast formation. Here we show Atsttrin inhibits TNF-α-induced osteoclastogenesis and inflammation. Further mechanistic investigation indicates Atsttrin inhibits TNF-α-induced osteoclastogenesis through the TNFR1 signaling pathway. Moreover, Atsttrin rescues TNF-α-mediated inhibition of osteoblastogenesis via the TNFR1 pathway. Importantly, the present study indicates that while Atsttrin cannot directly induce osteoblastogenesis, it can significantly enhance osteoblastogenesis through TNFR2-Akt-Erk1/2 signaling. These results suggest that Atsttrin treatment could potentially be a strategy for maintaining proper bone homeostasis by regulating the osteoclast/osteoblast balance. Additionally, these results provide new insights for other bone metabolism-related diseases.
Nitrogen and sulfur metabolisms encoded in prokaryotic communities associated with sea ice algae
Authors: Bellas Christopher M , Campbell Karley , Tranter Martyn , Sánchez-Baracaldo Patricia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sea ice habitats harbour seasonally abundant microalgal communities, which can be highly productive in the spring when the availability of light increases. An active, bloom-associated prokaryotic community relies on these microalgae for their organic carbon requirements, however an analysis of the encoded metabolic pathways within them is lacking. Hence, our understanding of biogeochemical cycling within sea ice remains incomplete. Here, we generated metagenomic assembled genomes from the bottom of first-year sea ice in northwestern Hudson Bay, during a spring diatom bloom. We show that the prokaryotic community had the metabolic potential to degrade algal derived dimethylsulphoniopropionate and oxidise sulfur. Facultative anaerobic metabolisms, specifically, dissimilatory nitrate reduction and denitrification were also prevalent here, suggesting some sea ice prokaryotes are metabolically capable of adapting to fluctuating oxygen levels during algal bloom conditions. Such denitrification could be an important loss of fixed-N2 in the changing Arctic marine system.
Enhanced fetal hematopoiesis in response to symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy
Authors: Alkobtawi Mansour , Ngô Qui Trung , Chapuis Nicolas , Fontaine Romain H. , El Khoury Mira , Tihy Matthieu , Hachem Nawa , Jary Aude , Calvez Vincent , Fontenay Michaela , Tsatsaris Vassilis , Aractingi Sélim , Oulès Bénédicte 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Pregnant women and their fetuses are particularly susceptible to respiratory pathogens. How they respond to SARS-CoV-2 infection is still under investigation.

Methods
We studied the transcriptome and phenotype of umbilical cord blood cells in pregnant women infected or not with SARS-CoV-2.

Results
Here we show that symptomatic maternal COVID-19 is associated with a transcriptional erythroid cell signature as compared with asymptomatic and uninfected mothers. We observe an expansion of fetal hematopoietic multipotent progenitors skewed towards erythroid differentiation that display increased clonogenicity. There was no difference in inflammatory cytokines levels in the cord blood upon maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Interestingly, we show an activation of hypoxia pathway in cord blood cells from symptomatic COVID-19 mothers, suggesting that maternal hypoxia may be triggering this fetal stress hematopoiesis.

Conclusions
Overall, these results show a fetal hematopoietic response to symptomatic COVID-19 in pregnant mothers in the absence of vertically transmitted SARS-CoV-2 infection which is likely to be a mechanism of fetal adaptation to the maternal infection and reduced oxygen supply.
Effects of a Concurrent Working Memory Task on Speech Acoustics in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Dragicevic Daria A. , Dahl Kimberly L. , Perkins Zoe , Abur Defne , Stepp Cara E. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a concurrent working memory task on acoustic measures of speech in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Method:

Individuals with PD and age- and sex-matched controls performed a speaking task with and without a Stroop-like concurrent working memory task. Cepstral peak prominence, low-to-high spectral energy ratio, fundamental frequency (
f
o
) standard deviation, articulation rate, pause duration, articulatory–acoustic vowel space, relative
f
o
, mean voice onset time (VOT), and VOT variability were calculated for each condition. Mixed-model analyses of variance were performed to determine the effects of group, condition (presence of the concurrent working memory task), and their interaction on the acoustic measures.

Results:

All measures except for VOT variability, mean pause duration, and relative
f
o
offset differed between people with and without PD. Cepstral peak prominence, articulation rate, and relative
f
o
offset differed as a function of condition. However, no measures indicated disparate effects of condition as a function of group.

Conclusion:
Although differentially impactful on limb motor function in PD, here a concurrent working memory task was not found to be differentially disruptive to speech acoustics in PD.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24759648
Einbindung und Umgang von Notfallsanitätern bei ungeplanten
außerklinischen Geburten: Ein Online-Survey
Authors: Gebhard Josina , Graf Joachim , Abele Harald , Pauluschke-Fröhlich Jan 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Ungeplante außerklinische Geburten sind im
Rettungsdienst sehr selten und es gibt Hinweise darauf, dass sich
Notfallsanitäter mit diesem Einsatzbild nicht wohl fühlen. Es
zeigt sich gleichzeitig eine erhöhte Morbidität und
Mortalität für sowohl die Mutter als auch das Neugeborene. Die
Ziele der vorliegenden Querschnittstudie sind, Unsicherheiten von
Notfallsanitätern in Zusammenhang mit ungeplanten
außerklinischen Geburten zu identifizieren, die Gründe
hierfür zu analysieren und mögliche
Unterstützungsmaßnahmen abzuleiten.
Material und Methoden Es handelt sich bei dieser Studie um eine
quantitative Querschnittsstudie, die den Umgang von Notfallsanitätern
mit ungeplanten außerklinischen Geburten anhand eines selbst
entwickelten Fragebogens untersucht. An der Online-Umfrage nahmen 65
Teilnehmer*innen im Zeitraum vom 06.04.2022 bis 30.04.2022 teil.
Für die statistische Datenanalyse wurde SPSS verwendet. Die zentrale
Tendenz verschiedener Einflussgrößen wurde dabei mit Hilfe des
Mann- Whitney-U-Tests untersucht, das Signifikanzniveau ist α
>0,05.
Ergebnisse Im Durschnitt bewerteten die Teilnehmenden die Vorbereitung
Median (IQR): 2,0 (1,0) und die Sicherheit 3,0 (1,0) mit den
durchzuführenden Maßnahmen, sowie das Wissen über
ungeplante außerklinische Geburten 2,0 (1,0) mittelmäßig
gut. Die teilnehmenden Notfallsanitäter*innen hatten vor allem
Schwierigkeiten mit der Dokumentation des Geburtsverlaufes 3,0 (1,0). Es
herrscht ein großer Respekt vor der außerklinischen
Geburtsbegleitung 1,0 (1,0). Es scheint, dass die Teilnahme an einer
interdisziplinären Simulation einen positiven Einfluss auf den Umgang,
die Vorbereitung und die Sicherheit bei den durchzuführenden
Maßnahmen nimmt (p=0,016).
Schlussfolgerung Es konnten Unsicherheiten sowie mögliche
Gründe für diese identifiziert sowie mögliche
Verbesserungsvorschläge für die
Notfallsanitäter*innen bei außerklinischen
Geburtsbetreuung erarbeitet werden. Dabei stellen zum Beispiel spezifische
Geburtsprotokolle und die Teilnahme an einer Simulation eine gute
Möglichkeit zur Unterstützung dar.
4D-Elektromagnetische Navigationsbronchoskopie zur Diagnostik peripherer Rundherde
Authors: Bitter Thomas , Seeba Tielko , Schroeder-Richter Jörn , Fröhlich Michael , Duaer Wissam , Abidi Wael , Kindermann Markus Peter 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Abklärung peripherer Rundherde stellt eine besondere Herausforderung in der interventionellen Bronchologie dar, weswegen zunehmend Navigationssysteme wie die elektromagnetische Navigation (ENB) verwendet werden. Die 4D-ENB stellt eine innovative Weiterentwicklung der ENB dar. Durch In- und Exspirations-CT-Aufnahmen soll die atemabhängige CT-to-body-Divergenz überwunden und damit die Treffsicherheit peripherer Herde erhöht werden. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine Vorstellung des 4D-ENB-Verfahrens und die Präsentation erster klinischer Daten und Erfahrungen.

Methode Wir beschreiben retrospektiv die Resultate der ersten 9 konsekutiven Patienten mit PPN, die am Klinikum Braunschweig mittels 4D-ENB als unimodale Diagnostiktechnik untersucht wurden.

Resultate Von den ersten 9 mittels 4D-ENB untersuchten PPNs war eine erfolgreiche Navigation und Punktion des Herdes bei 8 Patienten (89%) möglich. Eine diagnostisch wegweisende Biopsie konnte bei 6 von 9 Patienten (67%) erreicht werden. Signifikante Komplikationen ergaben sich bei den Untersuchungen nicht.

Schlussfolgerung Unsere ersten Daten lassen die 4D-ENB als eine vielversprechende neue Alternative zur Abklärung von PPNs erscheinen. Um die diagnostische Ausbeute weiter zu verbessern, sollte die 4D-ENB aufgrund der fehlenden Echtzeitvisualisierung bevorzugt kombiniert mit radialem endobronchialem Ultraschall und/oder Fluoroskopie im Rahmen multimodaler Diagnostikkonzepte eingesetzt werden.
Einfluss von fetomaternalen Risikofaktoren auf die Mortalität
und Morbidität von Extremfrühgeborenen
Authors: Winkler Paula , Cloppenburg Eva , Heep Axel , Malik Eduard , Lüdders Dörte , Lange Matthias 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Behandlung von Schwangeren bei drohender Frühgeburt
stellt eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung dar. An der Grenze der
Lebensfähigkeit spielen fetomaternale Risikofaktoren (RF) eine
entscheidende Rolle in der individuellen Beratung und den
Therapieansätzen.
Methoden An einem Level-1-Perinatalzentrum (PNZ) wurden in einer
retrospektiven Beobachtungsstudie zwischen 2017 und 2020 alle
Frühgeborenen (FG) mit einem Gestationsalter (GA) zwischen
230/7 und 246/7 Schwangerschaftswochen
(SSW) erfasst, die postnatal mit einem kurativen Therapieansatz behandelt
wurden. Eingeteilt in zwei Gruppen (230/7
–236/7 und
240/7–246/7 SSW) wurden die FG unter
Berücksichtigung der fetomaternalen RF hinsichtlich der
Mortalität und Morbidität verglichen. Analysiert wurden 13
definierte RF und deren prognostische Relevanz für das
Überleben.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 41 Mütter mit 48 FG eingeschlossen.
Ausgeschlossen wurden 9 FG, die primär palliativ behandelt wurden. Die
Überlebensraten der Gruppen (n=21, n=27) zeigten keine
signifikanten Unterschiede (66,7% versus 74,1%,
p=0,750). Bei steigender Anzahl an RF wurde eine signifikant
höhere Mortalität beobachtet (p=0,004), schwerwiegend
waren hypertensive Schwangerschaftserkrankungen und ein vorzeitiger
Blasensprung. Die Morbiditätsdaten zeigten keine signifikanten
Unterschiede.
Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegenden Daten bezüglich der
Mortalität entsprachen den nationalen Daten. Die Morbidität
dieser FG konnte erfasst werden. Durch die Berücksichtigung der RF
lässt sich die Vorhersage der Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit
präzisieren.
Building a core rule-based decision tree to explain the causes of insolvency in small and medium-sized enterprises more easily
Authors: Lee Sanghoon , Choi Keunho , Yoo Donghee 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study proposes a harmonic average of support and confidence method (HSC), which is a new way to select important rules from the many rules in the decision tree and thereby build a core rule-based decision tree (CorDT) that more easily explains the insolvency factors related to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using the HSC. To this end, an insolvency prediction model for SMEs was developed using a decision tree algorithm and technological feasibility assessment data as non-financial datasets. We divided these datasets into three types, a general type, a technology development type and a toll processing type applying characteristics of SMEs. We also applied a cost-sensitive approach and several data balancing techniques to construct the same proportion of healthy and insolvent company samples in the datasets. As a result, the insolvency prediction model applied using the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE), an over-sampling technique, showed the highest performance with an average hit ratio of 77.6%. Next, we selected important rules by applying HSC to the decision trees with the highest performance and built CorDTs for three types of SMEs using the selected rules. Finally, using the developed CorDTs, we explained the causes of insolvency by type of SME and presented insolvency prevention strategies customized to the three types of SMEs.