bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocontrol potential of endophytic bacterium Bacillus altitudinis GS-16 against tea anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Wu Youzhen , Tan Yumei , Peng Qiuju , Xiao Yang , Xie Jiaofu , Li Zhu , Ding Haixia , Pan Hang , Wei Longfeng 
Published: January 2024

Background
As one of the main pathogens causing tea anthracnose disease, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides has brought immeasurable impact on the sustainable development of agriculture. Given the adverse effects of chemical pesticides to the environment and human health, biological control has been a focus of the research on this pathogen. Bacillus altitudinis GS-16, which was isolated from healthy tea leaves, had exhibited strong antagonistic activity against tea anthracnose disease.

Methods
The antifungal mechanism of the endophytic bacterium GS-16 against C. gloeosporioides 1-F was determined by dual-culture assays, pot experiments, cell membrane permeability, cellular contents, cell metabolism, and the activities of the key defense enzymes.

Results
We investigated the possible mechanism of strain GS-16 inhibiting 1-F. In vitro, the dual-culture assays revealed that strain GS-16 had significant antagonistic activity (92.03%) against 1-F and broad-spectrum antifungal activity in all tested plant pathogens. In pot experiments, the disease index decreased to 6.12 after treatment with GS-16, indicating that strain GS-16 had a good biocontrol effect against tea anthracnose disease (89.06%). When the PE extract of GS-16 treated mycelial of 1-F, the mycelial appeared deformities, distortions, and swelling by SEM observations. Besides that, compared with the negative control, the contents of nucleic acids, protein, and total soluble sugar of GS-16 group were increased significantly, indicating that the PE extract of GS-16 could cause damage to integrity of 1-F. We also found that GS-16 obviously destroyed cellular metabolism and the normal synthesis of cellular contents. Additionally, treatment with GS-16 induced plant resistance by increasing the activities of the key defense enzymes PPO, SOD, CAT, PAL, and POD.

Conclusions
We concluded that GS-16 could damage cell permeability and integrity, destroy the normal synthesis of cellular contents, and induce plant resistance, which contributed to its antagonistic activity. These findings indicated that strain GS-16 could be used as an efficient microorganism for tea anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides.
A Multicentric Verification of Hereditary and Acquired Thrombophilia Coagulation Assays
Authors: Biljak Vanja Radišić , Lapić Ivana , Jurčić-Karlović Erika , Herak Desiree Coen , Margetić Sandra 
Published: January 2024

Aims: With an ever-growing number of patients being admitted to our University Hospital Sveti Duh (Zagreb, Croatia), there was a need to positively respond to clinicians' demands about hereditary and acquired thrombophilia testing.
Study Design: An extensive and multicentric verification of coagulation assays included in thrombophilia testing was performed on the BCS XP coagulation analyzer (Siemens Healthineers, Marburg, Germany): antithrombin activity (AT) (Innovance Antithrombin), protein C activity (PC) (Berichrom Protein C), protein S activity (PS) (Protein S Ac), free protein S antigen (free PS:Ag) (Innovance Free PS Ag), activated protein C resistance (APCR) (ProC Ac R and ProC Global + Coagulation Factor V Deficient Plasma), lupus anticoagulant (LA) screening (LA1 and activated partial thromboplastin time by using Dade Actin FSL as reagent) and confirmation test (LA2), factor VIII activity (FVIII) (Dade Actin FS and coagulation FVIII Deficient Plasma).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia, between January 2020 and December 2021.
Methodology: Verification protocol included: the precision study (CLSI EP15-A3 protocol), trueness estimation by comparison of seventy remnant plasma samples with two large Croatian hospital laboratories with established thrombophilia testing, and verification of reference intervals and cut-off values (CLSI EP28-A3C and CLSI HA-60 guidelines).
Results: All of the obtained imprecision CVs were within the manufacturer's claims (<5/10/15%). While the observed bias for PC (+1.9%) was within the EFLM performance specifications (6.7%), the average bias for AT was higher than acceptance criteria (+10.8% vs 3.2% allowed). P&B regression revealed a significant positive proportional difference (slope=1.14). Comparison of PS activity yielded a high negative bias (-33.4%) that exceeded the acceptance criteria of 8.1%. Regarding LA testing, the diagnostic accuracy was 99% when compared to Sestre milosrdnice UHC (N=70) and 95% when compared to University Hospital Centre Zagreb (N=19). All manufacturer's reference intervals and cut-offs were verified.
Conclusion: The verification study confirmed all manufacturer's claims, except for PS which has been replaced with free PS:Ag determinations.
No effect of acenocoumarol therapy on levels of endothelial activation markers in sickle cell disease
Authors: Schnog J.B. , Mac Gillavry M.R. , Rojer R.A. , Meijers J.C.M. , Fijnheer R. , ten Cate H. , Brandjes D.P.M. , Duits A.J. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractSickle cell patients are characterized by a chronic inflammatory and hypercoagulable state, depicted by elevated levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, endothelial adhesion molecules, and elevated markers of thrombin generation. We set out to determine whether anticoagulation with a coumadin derivative reduces inflammation in sickle cell disease. Therefore, serum levels of NFκB‐regulated endothelial adhesion molecule soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 and serum levels of non‐NFκB‐dependent markers of endothelial activation (soluble cellular fibronectin and von Willebrand factor antigen) were compared during treatment with acenocoumarol (INR 1.6–2.0) and placebo. No effect on circulating levels of the measured parameters was observed during treatment with acenocoumarol as compared to placebo. In the targeted INR range, anticoagulation of sickle cell patients with acenocoumarol does not seem to reduce endothelial activation. Am. J. Hematol. 71:53–55, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complex segregation analysis of restless legs syndrome provides evidence for an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance in early age at onset families
Authors: Winkelmann Juliane , Muller‐Myhsok Bertram , Wittchen Hans‐Ulrich , Hock Bettina , Prager Muriel , Pfister Hildegard , Strohle Andreas , Eisensehr Ilonka , Dichgans Martin , Gasser Thomas , Trenkwalder Claudia 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA strong familial component of restless legs syndrome (RLS) is known. The objective of this study therefore was to investigate the likely mode of inheritance of RLS. RLS patients and their first‐degree relatives were investigated and classified in RLS affected and RLS nonaffected subjects. Assessments were based on direct, personal standardized diagnostic interviews. Complex segregation analysis was performed with the families stratified according to the mean age at onset of the disease within the families. Two hundred thirty‐eight RLS patients, 537 first‐degree relatives, and 133 spouses were interviewed. Two groups of families were stratified: mean age at onset up to 30 years of age (Group A) and older than 30 years (Group B; p < 0.005). In Group A, segregation analysis strongly favored a single major gene acting autosomal dominant with a multifactorial component. Parameter estimates were 0.003 for the allele frequency, 1.0 for the penetrance, and 0.005 for the phenocopy rate. In Group B, no evidence for a major gene could be elucidated. The segregation pattern found in our families argues for an autosomal allele acting dominantly in RLS families with an early age at onset of symptoms and suggests that RLS is a causative heterogeneous disease.
Appearance and phenotype of murine follicular dendritic cells expressing VCAM‐1
Authors: Balogh Péter , Aydar Yüksel , Tew John G. , Szakal Andras K. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe architecture of lymphoid follicles is determined by a series of interactions between lymphoid and follicular stromal cells. A cardinal population in the non‐lymphoid compartment is the follicular dendritic cell (FDC), whose communication with resting and activated B cells involves various adhesive interactions. The FDC phenotype variably includes the display of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM‐1). In this report we investigated the appearance and follicular tissue distribution of VCAM‐1 in murine peripheral lymphoid tissues, and compared VCAM‐1 with other FDC markers using immunohistochemistry. Correlating the appearance of VCAM‐1 with other murine FDC‐associated markers (CR1.2 [complement receptor 1.2 or CD35/21] and FDC‐M1) revealed that the display of VCAM‐1 is restricted to a subset of CR1.2‐positive FDCs. We found that the expression of VCAM‐1 antigen in the spleen or peripheral lymph nodes on FDCs requires antigenic stimulus, and that it coincides with germinal center formation. The VCAM‐1 expression is associated with the appearance of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule (MAdCAM‐1), with some slight differences in occurrence. The appearance of VCAM‐1 and MAdCAM‐1 antigens on FDCs may serve as indicators of FDC activation. Anat Rec 268:160–168, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A linear mixed model for the hedonic pricing model
Authors: Miyamoto Michiko , Tsubaki Hiroe 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis paper introduces a mixed effects model for an application of the hedonic price regression model for panel data. Thus far, the development of hedonic pricing regression for repeated measurements has received relatively little attention. This approach is applied to compare different pricing strategies of companies in the digital still camera industry in Japan. The results suggest that there exist statistically significant differences in speed of price decline among companies and price differences between two observed stores. The results from this analysis are different from those of the previous study in the digital still camera using a modified PCA hedonic regression model by Miyamoto and Tsubaki Behaviormetrika 2001;2:111–152, which may bias to more significant results through fitting fixed effects models without serial correlations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rotation designs: orthogonal first‐order designs with higher order projectivity
Authors: Bursztyn Dizza , Steinberg David M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIn many factorial experiments, just a few of the experimental factors account for most of the variation in the response, a situation known as factor sparsity. Accurate modelling of the factor–response relationship may require use of higher‐order terms in the active factors. In such settings, it may be desirable to use a design that is able, simultaneously, to screen out the important factors and to fit higher‐order models in those factors. We derive a useful class of designs by rotating standard two‐level fractional factorials. A special class of rotations is developed that has some appealing symmetry properties and can accommodate more factors than the rotation designs in Bursztyn and Steinberg (J. Stat. Plann. Inference 2001;97:399). A comparison of designs based on their projection properties and alias matrices shows that the new designs are better than many other alternatives. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacokinetics and dose proportionality of BMS‐204352 after intraarterial administration to rats
Authors: Krishna Rajesh , Shah Vinod R. , Srinivas Nuggehally 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBMS‐204352 is a novel maxi‐K channel opener that is being developed for the treatment for stroke. The current study was designed to evaluate the dose proportionality and pharmacokinetics of BMS‐204352 in rats. In an open, parallel fashion, sixteen rats per gender received a single intraarterial dose of BMS‐204352 as a 3‐min infusion into the carotid artery at 0.4, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg dose levels. Serial blood samples were collected for up to 24 h post‐dose and plasma samples were analyzed for the concentrations of intact BMS‐204352 using a validated liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric (LC/MS) method. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a non‐compartmental method. Results revealed a gender difference in the pharmacokinetics of BMS‐204352 in rats at all doses excluding the first (i.e., 0.4 mg/kg) dose panel. BMS‐204352 peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) values increased in a proportion greater than the increment in dose. Specifically, as dose increased in the ratio 1:5:12.5:25, Cmax increased in the ratio 1:7:18:31 in male rats and 1:7:22:51 in female rats. The respective AUC ratios were 1:6:20:42 in male rats and 1:12:29:77 in female rats. Mean total body clearance (CLT) values for BMS‐204352 ranged from 879–3242 ml/h/kg over the four dose levels and generally decreased with increase in dose. Similarly, steady state volume of distribution (VSS) values ranged from 3621–8933 ml/kg over the four dose levels and generally decreased with increase in dose. However, mean residence time (MRT) and elimination half‐life (T1/2) values for BMS‐204352 were independent of dose and ranged from 2.42–4.54 to 2.08–4.70 h, respectively. In conclusion, BMS‐204352 appears to exhibit dose‐dependent pharmacokinetics in rats. In addition, there appeared to be some evidence of gender related differences in the pharmacokinetics of BMS‐204352. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrical stimulation as an adjunct to spinal fusion: A meta‐analysis of controlled clinical trials
Authors: Akai Masami , Kawashima Noritaka , Kimura Toshitaka , Hayashi Kunihiko 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis study was a meta‐analysis to examine whether electrical stimulation has a specific effect on spinal fusion. Little evidence exists on the efficacy of electrical stimulation for improving fusion rate of spinal fusion surgery. Using MEDLINE (1966–2000) and EMBASE (1985–1999), a search for articles was carried out using the Medical Subject Headings: (1) electric stimulation or electromagnetic fields, (2) spinal fusion, (3) controlled or clinical trial, and (4) human. Data were extracted from all the hit articles and additionally collected from appropriate journal lists. A total of five randomized controlled trials (RCT) on bones assessing healing of spinal fusion were identified and scored on methodological quality. All the identified studies reported positive findings, but the quality score of each trial showed wide flaws. Because of relatively homogenous subjects who had spine fusion and radiographic assessment from these studies, pooling of the data was able to be performed. Excluding one trial with the lowest score, the combined results of four trials, whose major endpoints were the success rate of the fusion, revealed a statistically significant effect of electrical stimulation with various techniques, but the selected trials still showed wide variation in view of stimulation modalities and treatment protocol. The pooled result of the studies in this review revealed the efficacy of electrical stimulation based on proved methodological quality. As problems on therapeutic modality and protocol remain, there is a further need for improvement in design to constitute acceptable proof and to establish treatment programs that better demonstrate electrical stimulation effects on spinal fusion. Bioelectromagnetics 23:496–504, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Piping‐system solutions using Mathcad
Authors: Hodge B. K. , Taylor Robert P. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractMathcad procedures, in the form of worksheets, are presented and discussed for problems associated with piping systems. Examples include series piping systems, parallel piping systems, and piping networks. The Mathcad solution approaches differ significantly from conventional techniques and are more congruent with problem formulations. The use of Mathcad permits the students to be more concerned with problem formulations and results interpretations than with arithmetic, programming, and debugging issues. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 10: 59–78, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com.); DOI 10.1002/cae.10010
Meeting review: the 50th ASMS conference on mass spectrometry and allied topics
Authors: Brancia Francesco L. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractDevelopment of new mass spectrometers and implementation of new analytical methods were the central themes of the conference. The majority of oral presentations and posters were concerned with the application of mass spectrometry to pharmaceutical and biotechnological research. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phase I study of fotemustine in pediatric patients with refractory brain tumors
Authors: Hargrave Darren R. , Bouffet Eric , Gammon Janet , Tariq Nauman , Grant Ron M. , Baruchel Sylvain 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDFotemustine is a nitrosourea with theoretic and preclinical advantages over the original analogs, carmustine and lomustine, in the treatment of brain tumors. This is the first pediatric Phase I study of fotemustine.METHODSPatients younger than 21 with recurrent/resistant brain tumors were enrolled in a conventional Phase I study. Fotemustine was administered intravenously every 3 weeks at increasing dose levels starting at 100 mg/m2. Toxicity and response data were monitored closely.RESULTSFifteen evaluable patients entered the study and received a total of 45 courses of fotemustine (dose range, 100–175 mg/m2). Myelosuppression was observed, with the dose‐limiting toxicity being Grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Toxicity was delayed and cumulative. The maximum tolerated dose was 150 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. There were three documented radiologic responses (20% of patients) comprising one partial response and two minor responses in patients with a sarcoma, medulloblastoma, and ependymoma, respectively.CONCLUSIONSFotemustine administered at a dose of 150 mg/m2 every 3 weeks is well tolerated in children and has antitumor activity in several brain tumors. This is the first dedicated Phase I study of a single agent nitrosourea in a pediatric population. More comparative studies should be undertaken to define the optimum nitrosourea analog for use in children with brain tumors. Cancer 2002;95:1294–301. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10814
Evidence for a major gene influencing risk of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Klein Alison P. , Beaty Terri H. , Bailey‐Wilson Joan E. , Brune Kieran A. , Hruban Ralph H. , Petersen Gloria M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractFamily history of pancreatic cancer, the fifth leading cause of cancer death in the United States, confers a 1.5–13‐fold higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is associated with several genetic syndromes, including hereditary breast cancer (BRCA2), familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome, Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome, hereditary pancreatitis, and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). However, these syndromes explain little of the observed familial aggregation of pancreatic cancer. We performed complex segregation analysis on 287 families ascertained through an index case diagnosed with pancreatic cancer at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions between January 1, 1994 and December 31, 1999. We tested for the presence of a major gene controlling either the “age‐at‐onset of pancreatic cancer” of “susceptibility to pancreatic cancer,” and incorporated smoking data on kindred members as a covariate. We found evidence for involvement of a major gene in the etiology of pancreatic cancer. Whether inheritance was modeled as “age‐at‐onset” or “susceptibility,” nongenetic transmission models were strongly rejected. However, modeling “age‐at‐onset” provided a better fit to the observed data than did modeling “susceptibility.” The most parsimonious models included autosomal‐dominant inheritance of a rare allele. Under the age‐at‐onset model, approximately 0.7% of the population appears to be at high risk of developing pancreatic cancer due to this putative gene, whereas 0.4% of the population is at high risk under the susceptibility model. Inclusion of smoking as a covariate did not significantly improve the fit of these models. This hospital‐based segregation analysis of pancreatic cancer found evidence supporting the role of a rare major gene influencing risk of pancreatic cancer. Genet. Epidemiol. 23:133–149, 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of intrafamilial phenotypic variation in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)
Authors: Szudek J. , Joe H. , Friedman J.M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe relationship of genetic factors to variable expressivity in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is poorly understood. We examined familial aggregation of NF1 features among different classes of affected relatives. Clinical information was obtained from the National NF Foundation International Database on 904 affected individuals in 373 families with 2 or more members with NF1. We used multivariate probit regression to measure the associations between various classes of relatives for each of 10 clinical features of NF1, while simultaneously adjusting for covariates including related features, age, and gender. Two distinct patterns were observed when we compared associations between first‐ and second‐degree relatives, sibs, and parent‐child pairs: Lisch nodules and café‐au‐lait spots had greater associations between first‐degree relatives than between second‐degree relatives, while subcutaneous neurofibromas, plexiform neurofibromas, café‐au‐lait spots, and intertriginous freckling had greater associations between sibs than between parents and children. In addition, Lisch nodules, subcutaneous neurofibromas, and cutaneous neurofibromas had greater associations between affected fathers and children than between affected mothers and children. These familial patterns suggest that unlinked modifying genes and the normal NF1 allele may both be involved in the development of particular clinical features of NF1, but that the relative contributions vary for different features. Genet. Epidemiol. 23:150–164, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Out of sight out of mind? Support and information given to distant and near relatives of those with dementia
Authors: Thompsell Amanda , Lovestone Simon 
Published: October 2002

AbstractObjectivesIncreasing attention has been paid to the needs of family members caring for a person with dementia but little has been written about the impact on the wider family. This paper was intended to see whether the need for information would stretch to those relatives living far from the patient.MethodA case‐control study comparing two sets of relatives of community‐dwelling probands in contact with secondary services and having a clinical diagnosis of dementia: one set of relatives living less than an hour away and another set living further away.The reported need for and source of information obtained by relatives was questioned using a specially designed questionnaire. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Ratings Scale were used with probands.ResultsRelatives living distantly from the person with dementia reported similar rates of subjective distress but were more often dissatisfied with information received. Distant relatives were also less likely to access information from books or lay societies.ConclusionThe impact of having a relative with dementia does not lessen with distance. The wider family need support and information as well as ‘primary carers’. If the whole family is to be supported in their caring role, then clinicians and the lay societies need to widen their supportive net. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.