bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing Data from Maritime Archaeology Investigations: AIR at Gribshunden
Authors: Derudas Paola , Foley Brendan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Maritime archaeology excavations, even in a more complex environment, have the same objectives and requirements as terrestrial ones: documenting digging operations to analyze data in the best way, interpreting it, and producing new knowledge for the benefit of multiple communities. 3D documentation and management methodologies have spread widely among practitioners; however, 3D comprehensive tools for scholarly publications still require development. This article contributes to the discussion on archaeological data management and its need to encompass every aspect of the archaeological practice (Kansa & Kansa 2021). It presents the evolution of the documentation and data management strategies employed within the multidisciplinary project at the shipwreck site of Gribshunden (Rönnby 2021), profoundly conditioned by the project’s goals to optimize collection and analysis of its multidisciplinary nature. The use of the Archaeological Interactive Report (AIR) represents the most suitable solution for achieving such goals, as it addresses the issue of scattered data and allows for maintaining the connection between archaeological datasets and their interpretation and publication, which is crucial for performing archaeological Digital Data Curation (Dallas 2015a).
How Divine Images Became Art
Authors: Tarasov Oleg 
Published: February 2024

How Divine Images Became Art tells the story of the parallel ‘discovery’ of Russian medieval art and of the Italian ‘primitives’ at the beginning of the twentieth century. While these two developments are well-known, they are usually studied in isolation. Tarasov’s study has the great merit of showing the connection between the art world in Russia and the West, and its impact in the cultural history of the continent in the pre-war period.
Drawing on a profound familiarity with Russian sources, some of which are little known to Western scholars, and on equally expert knowledge of Western material and scholarship, Oleg Tarasov presents a fresh perspective on early twentieth-century Russian and Western art. The author demonstrates that during the Belle Époque, the interest in medieval Russian icons and Italian ‘primitives’ lead to the recognition of both as distinctive art forms conveying a powerful spiritual message. Formalist art theory and its influence on art collecting played a major role in this recognition of aesthetic and moral value of ‘primitive’ paintings, and was instrumental in reshaping the perception of divine images as artworks.
Ultimately, this monograph represents a significant contribution to our understanding of early twentieth-century art; it will be of interest to art scholars, students and anyone interested in the spiritual and aesthetic revival of religious paintings in the Belle Époque.
Benchmark Thermodynamic Contributors to the Growth and Decay of the Regional Extreme Surface Temperature
Authors: Kim Dong Wan , Lee Sukyoung , Clark Joseph P. , Feldstein Steven B. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A thermodynamic energy budget analysis is applied to the lowest model level of the ERA5 dataset to investigate the mechanisms that drive the growth and decay of extreme positive surface air temperature (SAT) events. Regional and seasonal variation of the mechanisms are investigated. For each grid point on Earth’s surface, a separate composite analysis is performed for extreme SAT events, which are days when temperature anomaly exceeds the 95th percentile. Among the dynamical terms, horizontal temperature advection of the climatological temperature by the anomalous wind dominates SAT anomaly growth over the extratropics, while nonlinear horizontal temperature advection is a major factor over high-latitude regions and the adiabatic warming is important over major mountainous regions. During the decay period, advection of the climatological temperature by the anomalous wind sustains the warming while nonlinear advection becomes the dominant decay mechanism. Among diabatic heating processes, vertical mixing contributes to the SAT anomaly growth over most locations while longwave radiative cooling hinders SAT anomaly growth, especially over the ocean. However, over arid regions during summer, longwave heating largely contributes to SAT anomaly growth while the vertical mixing dampens the SAT anomaly growth. During the decay period, both longwave cooling and vertical mixing contribute to SAT anomaly decay with more pronounced effects over the ocean and land, respectively. These regional and seasonal characteristics of the processes that drive extreme SAT events can serve as a benchmark for understanding the future behavior of extreme weather.
Two Ubiquitous Radiative States Observed across the High Latitudes
Authors: Bertossa Cameron , L’Ecuyer Tristan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Previous studies have shown the Arctic exhibits two preferred radiative states, one that is regarded as “radiatively opaque” and the other as “radiatively clear”; this presents as bimodality in the surface longwave flux distributions. How frequently these two states occur and what causes them to persist has significant implications for the polar climate. Furthermore, in the presence of multimodality, evaluating models based solely on their ability to resolve the mean and variance of a distribution can lead to a poor representation of the physical evolution of our climate. This study takes a holistic view of this bimodal behavior, seeking to understand to what degree the high latitudes of both hemispheres reside in distinct radiative states. Even when separated into climatologically distinct subregions, many polar regions exhibit bimodality in their longwave flux distributions not observed at lower latitudes, suggesting that the existence of these two states is both common in and unique to polar regions. Bimodality arises due to a tendency for the atmosphere to alternate between transmissive or opaque clouds, with surface longwave radiative effects of approximately 0 and 75 W m−2 (relative to clear-sky values), respectively. Clouds need not contain liquid to lead to the opaque state, as is typically assumed. The presence of solely ice clouds can cause bimodality to arise in downwelling longwave flux distributions. While some regions do not explicitly exhibit multimodal surface longwave radiation distributions, it is found that similar cloud states exist but in disproportionate frequencies.

Significance Statement
Radiation plays an important role in shaping the Arctic and Antarctic climates. Several Arctic expeditions have found that certain regions flip between having a very large energy deficit (“transmissive”) to relatively small energy deficit (“opaque”). The former allows for surface cooling and promotes the formation of ice, while the latter hinders such behavior. This study utilizes satellite observations to understand if this behavior is consistent across the Arctic and Antarctic. Understanding the frequencies of these two states is increasingly important within the context of our rapidly changing climate, and by uncovering the fundamental processes which lead to them, we may be able to model how they will change in the future.
Aortic Stiffness Can be Predicted From Different eGFR Formulas With Long Follow-Up in the Malmö Diet Cancer Study
Authors: Christensson Anders , Lundgren Simon , Johansson Madeleine , Nilsson Peter M. , Engström Gunnar , Laucyte-Cibulskiene Agne 
Published: February 2024

We studied the impact of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on either creatinine or cystatin C, or in combination, on vascular aging (aortic stiffness) and central hemodynamics (central systolic blood pressure) in a Swedish urban population with median 17 years of follow-up. Participants ( n = 5049) from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study that underwent baseline examination and later participated in the prospective cardiovascular arm were selected. Of these, 2064 with measured carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and central blood pressure at follow-up were enrolled. eGFR was calculated using cystatin C (eGFRCYS) and creatinine (eGFRCR) equations: Caucasian, Asian, pediatric, and adult cohorts (CAPA), the Lund-Malmö revised (LMrev), and the European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) equations. Lower adjusted eGFRCR, but not eGFRCYS, were independently associated with higher cfPWV ( P < .001, respectively). eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2determined higher cfPWV except when using the EKFC equation. Conversely, CAPA/LMrev and CAPA/EKFC ratios were not associated with aortic stiffness. Lower eGFRCRis associated with higher future aortic stiffness independently of age, sex, heart rate, mean blood pressure, body mass index, and antihypertensive treatment. The ratio of eGFRCYSand eGFRCRequations could not predict aortic stiffness at all.
The Trajectory of Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy and its Influencing Factors
Authors: Liu Meizi , An Ran , Wu Zitong , Dai Leping , Zeng Qiaomiao , Chen Wenfeng 
Published: February 2024

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and severe side effect of radiotherapy in head and neck cancer (HNC). The study aimed to investigate the longitudinal changes in OM and its influencing factors in patients with HNC during radiotherapy. Methods: This was a retrospective longitudinal observational study. From July 2022 to March 2023, patients with HNC undergoing radiation therapy were enrolled. OM, oral hygiene, oral infections, oral pain, feeding route, and laboratory indicators were measured at 7 times. The influencing factors of OM were analyzed using generalized estimation equations (GEEs). Results: A total of 160 patients were included in this study. The prevalence of severe OM at T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6 was 0, 0, 2.5%, 9.4%, 26.9%, 24.4%, and 26.9%, respectively. The prevalence of grade 1-2 OM at T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6 was 0, 16.3%, 53.1%, 65.1%, 61.9%, 70.7%, and 71.3%, respectively. Duration of diagnosis, clinical stage, N stage, M stage, surgery, diabetes, radiotherapy dose, oral hygiene, oral infection, oral pain, feeding route, and lymphocyte impacted OM significantly in the GEEs multivariate model. Conclusions: OM occurs in almost all patients with HNC who undergo radiotherapy. Changes in the severity of OM are a dynamic process, with the severity increasing with the cumulative radiotherapy dose. Specialist oral evaluation and oral care are needed to alleviate the severity of OM in HNC patients.
A correlation study on piezo-embedded carbon fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite: Experimental and numerical modelling
Authors: John Peter Antony Jerold John Britto , Arunachalam Vasanthanathan , Krishnasamy Senthilkumar , Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: February 2024

In this research work, a piezoelectric sensor and actuator model was designed. Carbon fibre-reinforced polylactic acid (CF/PLA) composites were fabricated using the fused deposition modelling (FDM) technique using many parameters to achieve this goal. For instance, the primary key parameters were 0.1 mm (layer height) and 25 mm/s (print head). Besides, the fabricated samples were subjected to a tensile study. Besides, MATLAB® Partial Differential Equation (PDE) tool was used to develop a finite element analysis (FEA) model for the piezoelectric actuator using the experimentally tested results. The MATLAB® was also used to examine the geometry and tip deflection. The experimental works were carried out to measure the sample’s strain using piezoelectric sensors. This approach could be used to establish the accuracy of the model. The CF/PLA composites were fabricated using 20 wt.% of reinforcements. The experimental results and finite element simulation were good agreement on results. Results reported that the deflections of 6.5765 mm, 5.197 mm, and 7.6328 mm, respectively embedded with PZT 5J, PZT 5H, and PZT 5A.
Improvement of cerebral blood flow after balloon angioplasty and stenting for symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis
Authors: Araga Takashi , Ueda Toshihiro , Yoshie Tomohide , Takao Naoki , Ohtsubo Haruki , Tatsuno Kentaro , Usuki Noriko , Takaishi Satoshi , Yamano Yoshihisa 
Published: February 2024

Objective Although reports of endovascular treatment for intracranial arterial stenosis have been increasing recently, their efficacy remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the changes in cerebral hemodynamics of severe middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis patients by performing CT perfusion (CTP) after endovascular treatment. Methods Subjects were those who underwent balloon angioplasty and stenting for symptomatic MCA M1 stenosis refractory to medical therapy at our hospital between 2008 and 2022. We included 36 patients (mean age 63.69 ± 15.24 years, 20 males) who underwent CTP before and within three weeks after treatment. The CTP parameters such as relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), and relative mean transit time (rMTT) were calculated as ipsilateral values divided by contralateral value. Results Endovascular treatment consisted of 26 balloon angioplasty and 10 stenting procedures performed at an average of 1 month from onset. CTP was performed at an average of 5.5 days postoperatively. The mean overall stenosis rate decreased from 79.0% to 30.3%. In the balloon angioplasty group, it decreased from 77.6% to 35.3%, and in the stent group, it decreased from 82.7% to 17.5%. After treatment, rCBF and rMTT measured by CTP improved significantly (both p < 0.001), whereas there was no significant change in rCBV. The improvement rates of rCBF and rMTT were mild higher in the stent group, but not significantly so. Conclusion Balloon angioplasty and stenting for symptomatic MCA improved cerebral hemodynamics, resulting in significantly increased rCBF and decreased rMTT.
Challenge or resist dominant discourses: Authenticity as a strategic component of activist public relations
Authors: Müller Naíde 
Published: February 2024

Although there is evidence that perceived authenticity has a positive impact on corporate reputation, the implications of authenticity in activist communication for social change have not been addressed. Within a sociocultural theoretical approach this paper provides an ethnographic account of how and why human rights activists enact authenticity and aims to better understand the implications of authenticity in activist communication oriented towards social change. An ethnographic study was carried out during 6 months, with two human rights activist organizations. In addition to participant observation, documents produced by the organizations were also analyzed and twenty-five semi-structured interviews were carried out. The role of authenticity in the public relations activities of this organizations was observed at two main levels: (a) as an intentional strategic choice and, (b) as a challenge or resistance to dominant discourses. Findings place authenticity as a strategic component of activist public relations illustrating the contributions of the field for civic participation dynamics.
The social process of involuntary separation and the search for connection
Authors: Glasier Willow , Arbeau Kelly , Launeanu Mihaela , Kwee Janelle 
Published: February 2024

Placing a loved one in care does not relieve informal caregivers’ physical and emotional stresses. This study identified the unique psycho-social-spiritual processes of involuntary separation among spouses following long-term care admission. Participants were 17 spouse-caregivers (12 women and 5 men) with a mean age of 84 years who had been involuntarily separated for an average of 20 months. The basic psycho-social-spiritual process of spouse-caregiver involuntary separation was connecting in disconnection, which had three distinct stages: (1) Initial coping, (2) Adjusting to the new situation, and (3) Moving forward. Movement through the three stages was influenced by individuals’ capacity and willingness to reach out for connection and by the abilities of others to extend accurate empathy and practical help. The implications of this study highlight spouse-caregivers’ needs for connection and support not only during the crisis of separation, but in the months and years that follow.
Factors influencing how informal caregivers of people with multiple sclerosis access and use a curated intervention website: Analysis from an RCT
Authors: Packer Tanya , Austin Nichole , Lehman Michelle , Douglas Sara L , Plow Matthew 
Published: February 2024

Objective Healthcare consumers and providers are increasingly turning to digital solutions, such as curated websites. Knowing who accesses/benefits from these may improve design and development. This study investigated website usage of informal caregivers of people with multiple sclerosis and shifts in outcome plausibly associated with usage. Methods Secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial of 148 caregivers compared effectiveness of a website + tele-coaching to a website only intervention for caregivers. Groupwise differences in means/proportions were tested using t-tests and chi-square. Modified Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator and ordinal logistic regression tested the relationship between group and likelihood of website log-in. Ordinal logistic regression models examined whether caregiver characteristics were associated with website use. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) with an autoregressive correlation structure modeled the relationship between website usage and outcomes. Results Females were more likely to access the website than males (60% vs. 43%; p = 0.05). Though not statistically significant, a possible association (POR: .85, 95% CI: .69, 1.03) between caregiver burden and website access emerged; caregivers experiencing highest levels of burden appeared less likely to engage. Usage patterns differed by treatment arm: the website-only group accessed the Caring for yourself topic significantly more (61.67% vs. 38.33%: p = .04) with similar, but insignificant, trends for other topics. Conclusions Clinicians can be confident referring females with moderate levels of burden to website-based interventions. By contrast, male caregivers and those experiencing high levels of burden may be less likely to access these resources, pointing to the need for alternative interventions. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov, registration number: NCT0466208.
Arthroscopic Posterior Bone Block Technique for Posterior Shoulder Instability With Glenoid Bone Loss
Authors: Swinehart Steven Dane , Barnes Ryan H. , Sorensen Hanna , Bishop Julie Y. , Jones Grant L. , Cvetanovich Gregory L. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Posterior instability can be difficult to treat if there is associated bone loss and debate remains about the amount of bone loss that requires intervention. Indications: Arthroscopic posterior bone block technique is useful for recurrent posterior instability with bone loss. It is reserved for patients who have failed soft tissue stabilization with bone loss greater than 10%. Technique Description: After diagnostic arthroscopy, an anterior-superior portal is established. A 30° scope is utilized, although, a 70° scope can be used. The posterior labrum is elevated and dissection is carried along the posterior glenoid neck. If an anterior labral tear is encountered, labral repair is performed. The posterior glenoid is cleared to allow for bone block seating. A fresh, non-frozen distal tibial allograft is prepared to size. Fixation can include screw or button fixation. Other types of fixation can be utilized including tightrope-type fixation, but screws are our preference. We have not had any complications with screw fixation. The graft is predrilled and assembled to the delivery device. A posterior incision is made and dissection is carried under the capsule and labrum to allow for shuttling. The bone block is fixed using two 3.5-mm cannulated screws. After fixation, anchors are placed and remaining capsule and labrum are shifted up to overly the bone block. Postoperative immobilization can be utilized with a standard UltraSling or a gunslinger brace. We typically do not obtain a computed tomography (CT) scan prior to return to activity. Results: There is little literature on arthroscopic posterior bone block, but early results are promising. Distal tibia allograft use in anterior instability has good outcomes and rates of union. Open posterior procedures demonstrate a recurrent dislocation risk of 10%. Current literature supports a similar rate in arthroscopically. Furthermore, there is a learning curve. Complications are similar to open complications, including graft resorption, fixation failure, recurrent dislocation, continued shoulder pain, and glenohumeral arthritis. In our experience, we have not had any wound complications. Discussion/Conclusion: Arthroscopic posterior bone block augmentation presents a reliable technique for posterior instability with associated glenoid bone loss. The use of distal tibia allograft minimizes donor site morbidity. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Getting up With Lateral Thinking
Authors: Patel Anita , Kirker Stephen 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Falls in the community can have major impacts on patient lives. There can be long lasting physical and psychological consequences of a fall and subsequent long lie. The annual burden to ambulance services responding to falls at home is high. Affordable devices to help people get up from the floor, or reduce the risk of a long lie, would be useful and widely applicable. Case report: We present the case of 2 families who successfully used an air mattress and a bath lift to get the fallen person up off the floor following a fall, when they had previously called an ambulance. This has reduced their dependence on the ambulance service and has improved their confidence following falls. Discussion/conclusion: Affordable devices such as air mattresses can help people off the floor following a fall and prevent long lies as well as reduce the number of ambulance call outs.
Application of genome editing techniques to regulate gene expression in crops
Authors: Dong Huirong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Enhanced agricultural production is urgently required to meet the food demands of the increasing global population. Abundant genetic diversity is expected to accelerate crop development. In particular, the development of the CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology has greatly enhanced our ability to improve crop’s genetic diversity through direct artificial gene modification. However, recent studies have shown that most crop improvement efforts using CRISPR/Cas techniques have mainly focused on the coding regions, and there is a relatively lack of studies on the regulatory regions of gene expression.

Results
This review briefly summarizes the development of CRISPR/Cas system in the beginning. Subsequently, the importance of gene regulatory regions in plants is discussed. The review focuses on recent developments and applications of mutations in regulatory regions via CRISPR/Cas techniques in crop breeding.

Conclusion
Finally, an outline of perspectives for future crop breeding using genome editing technologies is provided. This review provides new research insights for crop improvement using genome editing techniques.