bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic role of fine‐needle aspiration of pancreatic allograft to detect rejection
Authors: Sariya Dinesh , Kluskens Larry , Assad Lina , Treaba Diana , Reddy Vijaya , Gattuso Paolo 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess whether the same principles to evaluate renal transplant by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) for rejection could be applied to pancreatic allograft. Between 1996–1998, 25 ultrasound‐guided FNAs on 13 patients with pancreatic allograft were performed and ThinPrep® made. The percentage of lymphocytes, lymphoblasts, monocytes, eosinophils, plasma cells, immunoblasts, and macrophages were calculated. Simultaneous peripheral smear was obtained and “total corrected increment” score calculated. Subsequent core biopsy was available in six patients. A total of seven FNAs on three patients were inadequate because of insufficient epithelial cells. No evidence of rejection reported in nine patients was confirmed on biopsy in five patients. One patient reported as suspicious later showed rejection on biopsy. Thus, FNA may be used to monitor the graft status with faster turnaround times. Rejection may be a focal process and FNA may be used for sampling multiple sites. Cytologic diagnosis fairly accurately detects early rejection. Core biopsies are warranted in unsatisfactory specimens and when FNA is suspicious for rejection. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:266–270. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrafast Papanicolaou stain and cell‐transfer technique enhance cytologic diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Zu Youli , Gangi Maryann D. , Yang Grace C.H. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractDiagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is often hampered by aspirated blood that camouflage scattered Hodgkin cells and Reed‐Sternberg (HRS) cells, and the absence of HRS cells in the smears submitted for immunophenotyping. The objective of this study was to develop a simple protocol to overcome these problems. The visibility of HRS cells in Diff‐Quik, traditional, and Ultrafast Papanicolaou (UFP) stains in FNA smears were compared in 73 cases of HL. HRS cells were found to be most visible in UFP because of the hemolysis of aspirated blood and the highlighting of HRS cells by the red‐staining nucleoli. UFP‐stained smears containing HRS cells were subsequently immunophenotyped via the cell‐transfer technique. UFP staining was found to have no deleterious effect on the immunoreactivity of cellular CD15 and CD30 antigens of HRS cells. This simple protocol enhances the cytologic diagnosis of HL, feasible even with a single smear. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:308–311. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subcutaneous myxopapillary ependymoma presenting as a childhood sacrococcygeal tumor: A case report
Authors: Rao I. Satish , Kapila Kusum , Aggarwal Sandeep , Ray Ruma , Gupta Arun Kumar , Verma Kusum 
Published: November 2002

AbstractSubcutaneous myxopapillary ependymoma in a sacrococcygeal location is an uncommon lesion. We report such a case in a 16‐mo‐old female child, who presented with a sacrococcygeal mass since birth. The cytological picture was that of a malignant small round cell tumor and the diagnosis was missed on cytology, which was retrospectively confirmed on comparison with histology. Although rare, this lesion can be a potential diagnostic pitfall and needs to be distinguished from other malignant tumors occurring at this age and at a similar location, like sacrococcygeal teratoma with immature elements, primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), and PNET with ependymal differentiation. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:303–307. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intrarenal neuroblastoma diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration: A report of two cases
Authors: Serrano Rosario , Rodríguez‐Peralto José Luis , De Orbe Gabino G. , Melero Carmen , de Agustín Pedro 
Published: November 2002

AbstractNeuroblastoma is an infrequent tumor of childhood usually located at any site containing sympathetic neural tissue—retroperitoneum and adrenal gland being the most common locations, followed by thoracopulmonary region, mediastinum, head and neck, and pelvis. Two primary renal neuroblastomas were diagnosed in a 6‐yr‐old boy and a 7‐mo‐old boy by computed tomography (CT)‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. The smears contained numerous individually scattered small and round cells, with scanty cytoplasm, related to a fibrillary matrix. Scattered larger cells with slightly more cytoplasm were seen among the smaller ones. No tubular or glomeruloid differentiation was noted. Considering the age and cytomorphology, a diagnosis of intrarenal neuroblastoma was made in both cases. An intrarenal mass in a child may occasionally be a neuroblastoma. Our cases demonstrate the usefulness of CT‐guided FNA in diagnosing intrarenal masses in children. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:294–297. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium: Case history, pathologic findings, and discussion
Authors: Houissa‐Vuong S. , Catanzano‐Laroudie M. , Baviera E. , Balaton A. , Galet B. , Gedeon I. , Vuong P.N. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractPrimary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium (PSCCE) is an exceedingly rare tumor. Rarely are cytological criteria discussed. We report our experience in the cytological diagnosis of a case. A postmenopausal, 64‐yr‐old woman suffered from pyometria. An endometrial Pap smear displayed some malignant squamous cells. Curettage of the cervix and the uterine cavity only recovered some fragments of atypical squamous epithelium whose origin could not be precisely identified. A hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy was decided upon. Pathological study evidenced a primary squamous cell carcinoma in the uterine cavity while the cervix was tumor‐free and the lymph nodes were devoid of metastases (pT1, pN0, pM0). The patient died 46 mo PO with multiple pulmonary and renal metastases. The histological feature of PSCCE is identical to that of any tumor of a similar nature, whatever the site, especially the cervix. Confirmation of the primary endometrial nature is only possible on the hysterectomy specimen. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:291–293. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bronchoscopy‐guided transtracheal and transbronchial fine‐needle aspiration biopsy: A 5‐year institutional review of 111 cases
Authors: Xie H. Bill , Cornwell Richard , Grossman Jeffrey E. , Hoerl H. Daniel , Kurtycz Daniel F. I. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractWe reviewed 111 bronchoscopy‐guided transtracheal and transbronchial fine‐needle aspiration (TT/TBNA) specimens from 97 patients to determine the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing neoplasia compared to surgical biopsy and clinical follow‐up and to determine the optimal number of passes. Fifty were positive for neoplasia, seven were suspicious, one was atypical, 51 were negative, and two were unsatisfactory. Of 57 positive/suspicious cases, 56 were confirmed neoplastic, with one patient lost to follow‐up (specificity with follow‐up: 100%). A positive diagnosis was rendered on the first pass in 29 cases (58%), second in six (12%), third in five (10%), fourth in three (6%), fifth in four (8%), and sixth, ninth, and eleventh passes in one case each (2% each). Twenty‐seven negative cases had confirmed malignancies after their index FNA (sensitivity for neoplasia: 67%). We conclude that TT/TBNA is a highly specific but not always successful diagnostic technique. It appears to be limited by mechanical difficulties that prevent tumor access and cellular uptake in some masses. Little information is gained by procuring more than six samples. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:276–281. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms involving cerebrospinal fluid: Comparison of morphologic examination and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry
Authors: Roma Andres A. , Garcia Alejandro , Avagnina Alejandra , Rescia Carla , Elsner Boris 
Published: November 2002

AbstractWe studied 53 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by cytologic examination and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. The samples were taken from 43 patients; 25 had a previous diagnosis of malignant lymphoma/leukemia and the remaining 18 a variety of other diseases involving the central nervous system (CNS). Lymphoma/leukemia was detected in 21 samples: 12 by morphologic examination and immunophenotyping and nine by immunophenotyping alone. There were two cases with a suspicious morphologic examination and negative immunophenotyping in which the final diagnosis were cryptococcal and viral meningitis. In the group of 18 patients, one was diagnosed as a primary malignant lymphoma of the CNS and was positive with cytology and immunophenotyping. The other 17 were negative with both methods and follow‐up showed no evidence of lymphoma/leukemia. This study shows that morphologic examination combined with flow cytometry enhances the detection rate by 75% over morphologic examination alone in CSF samples. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:271–275. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor in the liver: A report of three cases
Authors: Padilla Catalina , Saez Amparo , Català Isabel , Vidal August , Garcia Lluis , Tolosa Filomena , Andreu F. Javier , Combalia Neus 
Published: November 2002

AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the designation for a major subset of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors that histologically, immunocytochemically, and genetically differ from leiomyomas, leiomyosarcomas, and schwannomas. GISTs derive from the interstitial cells of Cajal and, in addition to variable expression of smooth muscle and neural markers, they characteristically express CD34 and CD117. The cytological appearance, including immunocytochemical and mutational analysis of c‐kit gene in primary GIST has been well described. To our knowledge, only two cases of metastatic GIST diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) have been reported. We illustrate three cases of metastatic GIST in the liver. Two cases had no prior history of gastrointestinal tumor and the third case had a 4‐yr previous history of duodenal tumor. Consistent immunocytochemistry and ultrastructual studies supported the diagnosis of GIST. We emphasize that in the appropriate clinical and radiological setting, a confident diagnosis of GIST can be established by FNA of metastatic lesions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:298–302. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Large B‐cell lymphomas: Fine‐needle aspiration plays an important role in initial diagnosis of cases which are falsely negative by flow cytometry
Authors: Verstovsek Gordana , Chakraborty Subhendu , Ramzy Ibrahim , Jorgensen Jeffrey L. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractLarge B‐cell lymphomas (LBCLs) have significant false‐negative results when immunophenotyped by flow cytometry (FC). To clarify the role fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) in reducing this false‐negative rate, 28 cases ultimately diagnosed as LBCL that had FNA as part of the workup and a negative FC were identified. We examined their clinical and cytologic features, in comparison with cases of LBCL with FNAs that were positive by FC. In 24/28 FC‐negative cases (86%) a cytologic diagnosis of suspicious or positive for malignancy was rendered. We conclude that cytologic analysis is more sensitive than FC in the diagnosis of malignancy in FNA of LBCL, particularly in aspirates with low cellularity and/or low viability. Examination of cytospin preparations of the actual material analyzed by FC may provide an indication that an FC result is falsely negative. It is important to recognize the potential of false‐negativity by FC of LBCLs when interpreting FNAs with features suggesting lymphoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:282–285. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PREPmate automated processor: Comparison of automated and manual methods of liquid‐based gynecologic sample preparation
Authors: Rowe Leslie R. , Marshall C. Jay , Bentz Joel S. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe development of procedures for fully automated processing of liquid‐based gynecologic samples has been the focus of considerable interest to the cytology laboratory. Liquid‐based collection and processing technology has been shown to improve sample adequacy, resulting in an overall improvement in quality of sample preparations. PREPmate™, an accessory to the PrepStain™ slide processor, automates the initial enrichment process of mixing and dispensing the specimen over a density gradient. This report describes a study evaluating cellularity and diagnostic reproducibility in SurePath™ samples processed using the PREPmate™ accessory compared to samples processed using a manual technique. Samples processed using the PREPmate™ accessory contained 8.3% more squamous cells. Exact diagnostic reproducibility between preparation types was 83.3%; when considering negative vs. abnormal (ASCUS+), in adequate samples, reproducibility was 100%. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:312–315. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytomorphologic features of fine‐needle aspiration of metastatic and recurrent melanoma
Authors: Saqi Anjali , McGrath Cindy M. , Skovronsky Daniel , Yu Gordon H. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractMelanoma is an aggressive malignancy with a growing prevalence. Although early detection and excision offer a potential cure, recurrences and metastases are not uncommon. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) can play a vital role in their detection as a relatively noninvasive, rapid, and economical alternative for tracking disease evolution. Prior clinical history and classic cytological features of melanoma (loosely cohesive smear pattern and single cells with large nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and melanin pigment) aid in cytological diagnoses. However, not all melanomas contain melanin pigment or characteristic cytologic features. We examined a large series of melanoma cases to determine the incidence of melanin pigment, the most common cell morphology, and the presence or absence of apoptosis/necrosis associated with this highly aggressive neoplasm. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:286–290. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pineal‐specific expression of green fluorescent protein under the control of the serotonin‐N‐acetyltransferase gene regulatory regions in transgenic zebrafish
Authors: Gothilf Yoav , Toyama Reiko , Coon Steven L. , Du Shao‐Jun , Dawid Igor B. , Klein David C. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractZebrafish serotonin‐N‐acetyltransferase‐2 (zfAANAT‐2) mRNA is exclusively expressed in the pineal gland (epiphysis) at the embryonic stage. Here, we have initiated an effort to study the mechanisms underlying tissue‐specific expression of this gene. DNA constructs were prepared in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) is driven by regulatory regions of the zfAANAT‐2 gene. In vivo transient expression analysis in zebrafish embryos indicated that in addition to the 5′‐flanking region, a regulatory sequence in the 3′‐flanking region is required for pineal‐specific expression. This finding led to an effort to produce transgenic lines expressing GFP under the control of the 5′ and 3′ regulatory regions of the zfAANAT‐2 gene. Embryos transiently expressing GFP were raised to maturity and tested for germ cell transmission of the transgene. Three transgenic lines were produced in which GFP fluorescence in the pineal was detected starting 1 to 2 days after fertilization. One line was crossed with mindbomb and floating head mutants that cause abnormal development of the pineal and an elevation or reduction of zfAANAT‐2 mRNA levels, respectively. Homozygous mutant transgenic embryos exhibited similar effects on GFP expression in the pineal gland. These observations indicate that the transgenic lines described here will be useful in studying the development of the pineal gland and the mechanisms that determine pineal‐specific gene expression in the zebrafish. Published 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Different patterns of anti‐Müllerian hormone expression, as related to DMRT1, SF‐1, WT1, GATA‐4, Wnt‐4, and Lhx9 expression, in the chick differentiating gonads
Authors: Oréal Emmanuelle , Mazaud Séverine , Picard Jean‐Yves , Magre Solange , Carré‐Eusèbe Danièle 
Published: November 2002

AbstractIn mammals, anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by Sertoli cells from the onset of testicular differentiation and by granulosa cells after birth. In birds, AMH starts to be expressed in indifferent gonads of both sexes at a similar level and is later up‐regulated in males. We previously demonstrated that, unlike in mammals, the onset of AMH expression occurs in chick embryo in the absence of SOX9. We looked for potential factors that might be involved in regulating AMH expression at different stages of chick gonad differentiation by comparing its expression pattern in embryos and young chicken with that of DMRT1, SF‐1, WT1, GATA‐4, Wnt‐4, and Lhx9, by in situ hybridization. The results allowed us to distinguish different phases. (1) In indifferent gonads of both sexes, AMH is expressed in dispersed medullar cells. SF‐1, WT1, GATA‐4, Wnt‐4, and DMRT1 are transcribed in the same region of the gonads, but none of these factors has an expression strictly coincident with that of AMH. Lhx9 is present only in the cortical area. (2) After this period, AMH is up‐regulated in male gonads. The up‐regulation is concomitant with the beginning of SOX9 expression and a sex dimorphic level of DMRT1 transcripts. It is followed by the aggregation of the AMH‐positive cells (Sertoli cells) into testicular cords in which AMH is coexpressed with DMRT1, SF‐1, WT1, GATA‐4, and SOX9. (3) In the females, the low level of dispersed medullar AMH expression is conserved. With development of the cortex in the left ovary, cells expressing AMH accumulate in the juxtacortical part of the medulla, whereas they remain dispersed in the right ovary. At this stage, AMH expression is not strictly correlated with any of the studied factors. (4) After hatching, the organization of left ovarian cortex is characterized by the formation of follicles. Follicular cells express AMH in conjunction with SF‐1, WT1, and GATA‐4 and in the absence of SOX9, as in mammals. In addition, they express Lhx9 and Wnt‐4, the latter being also found in the oocytes. (5) Moreover, unlike in mammals, the chicken ovary retains a dispersed AMH expression in cortical interstitial cells between the follicles, with no obvious correlation with any of the factors studied. Thus, the dispersed type of AMH expression in indifferent and female gonads appears to be bird‐specific and not controlled by the same factors as testicular or follicular AMH transcription. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Isolation and developmental expression analysis of Tbx22, the mouse homolog of the human X‐linked cleft palate gene
Authors: Bush Jeffrey O. , Lan Yu , Maltby Kathleen M. , Jiang Rulang 
Published: November 2002

AbstractMutations in the TBX22 gene have been identified recently in patients with the X‐linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia syndrome, suggesting that the TBX22 transcription factor plays an important role in palate development. However, because ankyloglossia has been reported in the majority of patients with TBX22 mutations, it has been speculated that the cleft palate phenotype is secondary to defective fetal tongue movement. To understand the role of TBX22 in disease pathogenesis and in normal development, it is necessary to carry out a detailed temporal and spatial gene expression analysis. We report here the isolation and developmental expression analysis of the mouse homolog Tbx22. The mouse Tbx22 gene encodes a putative protein of 517 amino acid residues, which shares 72% overall amino acid sequence identity with the human TBX22 protein. By using interspecific backcross analysis, we have localized the Tbx22 gene to mouse chromosome X, in a region syntenic to human chromosome Xq21, where the TBX22 gene resides, indicating that Tbx22 is the ortholog of human TBX22. Our in situ hybridization analysis shows that Tbx22 is expressed in a temporally and spatially highly restricted pattern during mouse palate and tongue development. Together with the mutant phenotypes in human patients, our data indicate a primary role for Tbx22 in both palate and tongue development. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anteroposterior axis formation in Xenopus limb bud recombinants: A model of pattern formation during limb regeneration
Authors: Yokoyama Hitoshi , Tamura Koji , Ide Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2002

AbstractWe previously showed that recombinant limb buds with dissociated and reaggregated mesenchyme develop more than 30 digits in Xenopus laevis, which exhibits different capacities for limb regeneration at different developmental stages (Yokoyama et al. [1998] Dev Biol 196:1–10). Cell–cell contact among anterior‐ and posterior‐derived mesenchymal cells is required for anteroposterior (AP) axis formation of recombinant limbs in an intercalary manner. However, whether one‐way induction from posterior cells to anterior cells as proposed by the polarizing zone model or interactions between anterior and posterior cells evoke the AP axis formation in recombinant limbs remains unclear. In this study, we found, by a combination of X‐ray irradiation and a recombinant limb technique, that not one‐way induction but interactions between anterior and posterior cells accompanied by cell contribution are indispensable for AP axis formation in recombinant limbs. Shh was expressed in posterior‐derived not anterior‐derived cells. We propose that the recombinant limb is an excellent model for examining the axis formation mechanism in regenerating limbs because, as in recombinant limbs, cell–cell contact among cells derived from different positions of an amputation plane occurs in the blastema of regenerating limbs. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of oncostatin M in hematopoietic organs
Authors: Tamura Shinobu , Morikawa Yoshihiro , Miyajima Atsushi , Senba Emiko 
Published: November 2002

AbstractMurine oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) ‐related cytokine subfamily, stimulates definitive hematopoiesis and liver development. The OSM gene was cloned as a cytokine‐inducible early response gene in some hematopoietic cell lines. In this study, we performed in situ hybridization to examine the tissue distribution of cells expressing OSM mRNA in the developing and the adult mice. Its gene expression was seen in hematopoietic cells of developing liver from 11.5 days postcoitum (dpc), and persisted to the neonates. From 17.5 dpc, OSM mRNA‐positive cells were found in other hematopoietic organs, including bone marrow, thymus, and spleen. The highest levels of gene expression were observed in the adult bone marrow. Most OSM‐expressing cells expressed IL‐5 receptor α subunit, a marker for eosinophil lineage. In addition, some positive cells expressed neutrophil elastase, which was used as a polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) marker. After birth, OSM mRNA was expressed in tissue eosinophils in nonhematopoietic organs, including small intestine, lung, and skin. Our data revealed that eosinophil progenitors and eosinophils as well as PMNs are also an important cellular source of OSM in mice. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.