bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association studies using multi-models and multi-SNP datasets provide new insights into pasmo resistance in flax
Authors: He Liqiang , Sui Yao , Che Yanru , Wang Huixian , Rashid Khalid Y. , Cloutier Sylvie , You Frank M. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionFlax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an economically important crop due to its oil and fiber. However, it is prone to various diseases, including pasmo caused by the fungus Septoria linicola.MethodsIn this study, we conducted field evaluations of 445 flax accessions over a five-year period (2012–2016) to assess their resistance to pasmo A total of 246,035 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used for genetic analysis. Four statistical models, including the single-locus model GEMMA and the multi-locus models FarmCPU, mrMLM, and 3VmrMLM, were assessed to identify quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) associated with pasmo resistance.ResultsWe identified 372 significant QTNs or 132 tag QTNs associated with pasmo resistance from five pasmo resistance datasets (PAS2012–PAS2016 and the 5-year average, namely PASmean) and three genotypic datasets (the all SNPs/ALL, the gene-based SNPs/GB and the RGA-based SNPs/RGAB). The tag QTNs had R2 values of 0.66–16.98% from the ALL SNP dataset, 0.68–20.54%from the GB SNP dataset, and 0.52–22.42% from the RGAB SNP dataset. Of these tag QTNs, 93 were novel. Additionally, 37 resistance gene analogs (RGAs)co-localizing with 39 tag QTNs were considered as potential candidates for controlling pasmo resistance in flax and 50 QTN-by-environment interactions(QEIs) were identified to account for genes by environmental interactions. Nine RGAs were predicted as candidate genes for ten QEIs.DiscussionOur results suggest that pasmo resistance in flax is polygenic and potentially influenced by environmental factors. The identified QTNs provide potential targets for improving pasmo resistance in flax breeding programs. This study sheds light on the genetic basis of pasmo resistance and highlights the importance of considering both genetic and environmental factors in breeding programs for flax.
Relationship of widowhood with pulse pressure, fasting blood glucose, and mental health in older adults: a propensity matching score analysis
Authors: Zhang Yi , Chen Xiangfan , Sun Yimei , Feng Sujuan , Wang Fang , Gu Haiyan , Jia Hanyu , Zhang Quanxing , Ding Wenbin , Lu Hongjian , Zhang Jidong 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundTransitioning from marriage to widowhood presents inevitable and significant challenges for many older adults. This study explored the impact of widowhood on a range of mental health outcomes, including pulse pressure and fasting blood glucose levels, among older adults in nursing homes.MethodsThis cross-sectional study utilized cluster random sampling to recruit participants, with data analyzed from 388 older Chinese adults. Psychosocial traits were assessed using the Perceived Social Support from Family scale (PSS-Fa) for family support, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to control for confounding factors. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between widowhood, mental health outcomes, pulse pressure, and fasting blood glucose levels.ResultsAfter applying PSM, the sample size was refined to 268 (N = 134 for both married and widowed groups) from the initial 388, excluding 120 unmatched cases. Widowed older adults were found to have notably lower family support (β = −0.81, p = 0.002), increased depressive symptoms (β = 1.04, p = 0.043), elevated pulse pressure (β = 8.90, p &lt; 0.001), and higher fasting blood glucose levels (β = 3.22, p = 0.027). These associations exhibited greater beta values compared to pre-matching analysis.ConclusionOur findings revealed that widowed participants had reduced family support, an increased risk of depressive symptoms, heightened pulse pressure, and elevated fasting blood glucose in comparison to their married counterparts. Interventions focusing on social support, mental health, and cardiovascular well-being could be advantageous for this at-risk group.
The occupational burnout among medical staff with high workloads after the COVID-19 and its association with anxiety and depression
Authors: Sun Hao , Zhang Tengfei , Wang Xinyu , Wang Caixia , Zhang Mengqiao , Song Hongjiang 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveAfter the end of COVID-19, medical staff were immediately faced with a high workload, leading to widespread occupational burnout. This study aims to explore the level and influencing factors of burnout among medical staff during this period, as well as its relationship with anxiety and depression.MethodsThe participants’ levels of burnout were assessed using Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated through Cronbach’s α and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Independent sample t-test, chi-square test, and Pearson analysis were employed to determine the correlation between two sets of variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify significant factors influencing burnout. Finally, nomograms were used to predict the probability of burnout occurrence.ResultsThis study collected a total of 1,550 questionnaires, and after excluding 45 questionnaires that were duplicates or incomplete, a sample of 1,505 (97.1%) participants were included in the final statistical analysis. Both Cronbach’s α and the fit indices of CFA demonstrated excellent adaptability of the Chinese version of MBI-HSS in this study. The overall prevalence rates for emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and diminished personal accomplishment (PA) were 52.4, 55.3, and 30.6%, respectively. Obtaining psychological support, health condition, relationship with family members, and insufficient sleep were identified as common contributing factors to burnout among medical staff. Additionally, age and promotion pressure were also associated with burnout among doctors, and exceeding legal working hours was an important factor for nurse burnout. The C-index for the nomograms predicting burnout among doctors and nurses was 0.832 and 0.843, respectively. Furthermore, burnout exhibited a significant linear correlation with anxiety and depression.ConclusionAfter the end of COVID-19, medical staff in high workload environments were facing severe burnout, which might lead to anxiety and depression. The occupational burnout of medical staff needed to be taken seriously and actively intervened.
The necessity for enhancing awareness of tuberculosis starting from the early college semesters: empirical evidence from a cross-sectional research
Authors: Chen Xinyi , Peng Ying , Zhou Lin , Wang Fei , Chen Bin , Qu Yan 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundCollege students, especially those in the lower grades, constitute the main high-risk population for tuberculosis (TB). Insufficient knowledge about TB among college students contributes to an increased risk of TB infection. In Zhejiang Province, China, limited research has been conducted recently on the awareness of TB in schools among college students. Therefore, this study aims to gain insight into TB knowledge among low-grade college students in Zhejiang Province and develop effective strategies for TB education targeted at this specific population.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted between 1st and 20th May 2022 in 20 colleges in Zhejiang Province, southeastern China. The survey aimed to assess the level of TB awareness among 1st and 2nd-year college students. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the rates, while multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the factors influencing the overall awareness level of students' regarding key knowledge about TB.ResultsA total of 4,414 lower-grade students participated in the study. The total awareness rate and entire awareness rate of key TB knowledge were 81.6 and 25.3%, respectively. Participants who demonstrated a relatively poor understanding of the definition were (51.0%), curable outcomes (75.7%), and preventive measures of TB (76.1%). Female participants [adjusted odds ratio (aOR):1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.25–1.65], medical students (aOR:2.00; 95%CI:1.63–2.64), had a high level of monthly expenditures (aOR:2.50; 95%CI:1.49–4.19), had prior TB health education (aOR:1.95; 95%CI:1.68–2.25) and previous exposure to TB patients (aOR:2.13; 95% CI:1.48–3.08) indicating a better level of awareness of key knowledge about TB. Among the students, 58.5% expressed their willingness to acquire TB knowledge through “broadcasting, television, films, and audiovisual materials.”ConclusionsThe total awareness rate of key knowledge among low-grade college students in Zhejiang did not meet the national requirements. To effectively prevent TB in schools, it is crucial to develop a comprehensive understanding of the disease among college students. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance TB awareness through theoretical and practical education, starting from the early semesters of college.
Adverse childhood experiences: impacts on adult mental health and social withdrawal
Authors: Wakuta Manabu , Nishimura Tomoko , Osuka Yuko , Tsukui Nobuaki , Takahashi Michio , Adachi Masaki , Suwa Toshiaki , Katayama Taiichi 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been found to negatively impact adult mental health outcomes. Numerous studies have highlighted on ACEs in family and community settings. However, few have examined the impact of ACEs in school settings, despite the potential influence on social participation. Hikikomori, characterized by severe social withdrawal, was first studied in Japan and has gained recognition in recent years. The present study aims to present the concept of ACEs specific to schools and investigate the impact of both school ACEs and traditional ACEs on adult mental health and Hikikomori.MethodsA total of 4,000 Japanese adults, aged 20–34, were recruited through an Internet survey form. All data were obtained in October 2021. Participants answered questions regarding their ACEs in the family (10 items), school ACEs (five teacher-related items and two bullying-related items), depressive/anxiety symptoms, and Hikikomori (remaining at home for more than 6 months).ResultsA significant association with depressive/anxiety symptoms was shown in both ACEs and school ACEs. An increase of one point in the ACE scores was associated with a 24% increase in the risk of depressive/anxiety symptoms. School ACE scores also demonstrated a significant association with depressive/anxiety symptoms, with an increase of one point associated with a 44% increase in the risk of these symptoms. As for Hikikomori, a significant association was shown in the school ACEs only: a 29% increased risk of Hikikomori for every one-point increase in school ACE scores. Both school ACE scores for teacher-related and bullying-related factors revealed a significant association with Hikikomori; the rates of increased risk were 23 and 37%, respectively.ConclusionThese results suggest that school ACEs, rather than ACEs in the family, are associated with the risk of Hikikomori. School ACEs are important for social adaptation, and reducing traumatic experiences in school settings may have the potential to prevent problems in later life, specifically in terms of social participation.
Internet usage, frequency and intensity in old age during the COVID-19 pandemic—a case study for Switzerland
Authors: König Ronny , Seifert Alexander 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThis study examines the digital divide among older adults in Switzerland within the rapidly evolving digital environment. It investigates changes in internet usage among this population, focusing on the proportion of users, frequency, and the intensity of their internet usage during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsDrawing on Swiss data from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement (SHARE), conducted in 2021, the study analyzes a sample of 1,205 older adults.ResultsThe findings indicate a growing proportion of internet users over time. It also highlights that gender differences persist but are decreasing. Notably, around 9% of individuals in this study had never used the internet, while recent users exhibited high activity levels, spending an average of approximately two and a half hours online daily. The study identified age, education, employment, living arrangements, and attitudes toward technology as influential factors shaping internet usage among older adults. Importantly, the COVID-19 pandemic did not have a significant impact on internet adoption among this demographic.DiscussionThese findings shed light on the complex dynamics that shape internet usage among older adults and underscore the need to promote digital inclusion and engagement within this population.
Retrospective analysis of perineal herniorrhaphy with cone-shaped polypropylene mesh in dogs: technique description and outcome
Authors: Heishima Tatsuya , Ishigaki Kumiko , Seki Mamiko , Teshima Kenji , Yoshida Orie , Iida Kaito , Takeuchi Ryo , Asano Kazushi 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThis study aimed to describe the technique for the surgical repair of perineal hernia (PH) in dogs using a polypropylene mesh (PM) and to evaluate its outcomes.MethodsAll dogs were placed in the Trendelenburg position. Castration and caudal celiotomy for cystopexy and colopexy were performed as needed. Ipsilateral perianal incision was performed in the affected hernia side. A PM was formed a cone-shape with suturing and placed in hernial foramen. The PH was repaired with suturing between PH and pelvic diaphragm including the sacrotuberous ligament, internal obturator muscle, and external anal sphincter muscle. The medical records of all dogs were reviewed to evaluate signalment, perioperative findings, postoperative complications, and prognosis.ResultsOf the 22 dogs, 15 were intact, and 7 were previously neutered. The median age and body weight were 10 years and 6.8 kg, respectively. The PH reconstruction using a cone-shaped PM was feasible in all dogs. The median operative time was 60.5 min for unilateral PH and 109 min for bilateral PH. Major postoperative complications occurred in seven dogs (32%), and three dogs (14%) had a recurrence of PH. In the long-term (&gt; 2 weeks) follow-up period, 16 dogs (73%) had an excellent prognosis.DiscussionOur study suggests that PH reconstruction surgery using a cone-shaped PM may be a viable treatment method for PH in dogs. Therefore, a cone-shaped PM could serve as an alternative treatment option for canine PH reconstruction.
Social responsibility of the state as an anti-crisis component of public administration
Authors: Dombrovska Svitlana , Antonova Liudmyla , Shtyrov Oleksandr , Kosse Anatolii 
Published: October 2023

The article examines the multifactorial issue of social responsibility, investigates the phenomenon of social responsibility of the state, and determines the role and place of social responsibility in overco ming crisis situations. It is established that in a broad sense, the social responsibility of the state is a system of effective management of the territory, including economic, political, social, security, cultural and environmental measures, in order to increase and maintain the standard of living of the population, which would satisfy the majority of citizens. At the same time, it should be about ensuring sustainable development and prospects for further improvement. It was determined that social responsibility is defined by a dynamic value system, which is characteristic of individuals, social communities and society in general, state and local authorities and their representatives. The emergence of social responsibility is directly related to social values that determine the activity and behavior of all participants in social processes. Based on this, it can be stated that the social responsibility of the state is realized as a manifestation of the will of each individual.
It has been proven that in modern conditions, the key factor for overcoming crisis situations and ensuring the effective development of the state is a stable and society-oriented government, which in its activity covers both the needs of citizens and advanced management practices. In the conditions of a difficult economic, political, social and demographic situation in Ukraine, the social responsibility of the state should become one of the components of a unifying national idea that will help overcome the systemic crisis that affects all spheres of social life. It began to play an especially important role during a full-scale war, when the issue of the survival of the state depends on interaction and mutual trust between the authorities and citizens. It has been proven that for modern Ukraine the focus of actions of public authorities, private and public sector on protection of state interests and support of the economy should become characteristic. A similar vector of development of Ukrainian society contributes to complex development, when the process of formation of common values is accompanied by support from all participants in power-social relations.
Theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding public-administrative discourse as a type of communication in public administration
Authors: Yevtushenko Natalia 
Published: October 2023

The article provides a theoretical and methodological analysis of public-administrative discourse as a type of communication between public administration institutions and the public. The author describes the main approaches to understanding the concept of "discourse", which are not limited to purely linguistic issues, but have a wider scope of application in such fields of knowledge as linguistics, political science, philosophy, psychology, pedagogy, journalism, cultural studies, art history, mathematics, and public administration.
The article reveals that "discourse" and its variant "institutional discourse" are a system of actions, roles and norms of behaviour in the process of communication (communication), according to the following main criteria: communication subjects (public authorities, civil society institutions, representatives of a particular social group, the public) communication goals. Its components are "administrative discourse" and "public-administrative discourse".
The author determines that the specificity of "administrative" discourse is communication within the framework of status-role relations, i.e., speech interaction between representatives of executive authorities (civil servants) performing executive and administrative functions and citizens. The main functions of administrative discourse are prescriptive, controlling and evaluative, the essence of which is to assess the work of performers.
It is substantiated that "public-administrative discourse" is a type of communication, communicative interaction between public authorities (public managers) and civil society institutions and the public at different communicative levels in different socio-political conditions. Thus, "public-administrative discourse" is a tool for realising the practical interests of the State, i.e., it contributes to the democratisation of society and improvement of the quality of life of the population.
Human resources management in the Judicial system of Ukraine as one of the directions of the State Judicial Administration: current trends and challenges
Authors: Salnikov Oleksiy 
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the peculiarities of human resources management in the judicial system of Ukraine in recent years, defines the role of the State Judicial Administration in these procedures and the implementation of policies in the field of personnel support and regulation of courts, makes a comparative analysis of statistical indicators of personnel in the judicial system, based on the main trends in reducing personnel, identified problems of staffing courts with appropriate specialists, the need to establish the maximum number of courts and discrepancies between the necessary indicators and real data regarding the personnel of Ukrainian courts. Attention was also paid to issues of personnel management under martial law. The purpose of the article is to determine the main trends and directions of personnel management in the judicial system of Ukraine during the period of transformation and reform. As a result, the author made conclusions regarding the identification of trends and challenges in the modern conditions of personnel management of the judicial system of Ukraine.
Studying the current state of personnel management in the judicial system allows us to identify several trends that have a significant impact on the quality and efficiency of court work. First, there is the issue of the liquidation of courts, which began in 2017 and the associated procedure of reducing staff: in most of these appeal courts, financial issues were not settled, which caused the continuation of payments in the form of judicial fees without exercising powers, when a person received money for unfinished work. Secondly, there were cases when judges did not pass a qualification assessment and were not transferred to newly formed courts or were in the process of appealing decisions of the Supreme Court of Ukraine of Ukraine, and the mechanisms for settling disputed issues in the process of liquidation with those employees who were in social vacations.
Contents of the concept of intellectual property in the constitutional section: the experience of foreign countries
Authors: Shtyrov Oleksandr 
Published: October 2023

The article examines modern trends in the constitutional and legal protection of intellectual property with the help of a comparative analysis of the development of the legal institution of intellectual property. It is concluded that the need to ensure the rights of citizens, national security, and the creation of an innovative economy determine the directions of world constitutional development, one of which is the constitutionalization of the legal institute of intellectual property. There are two main methods of constitutionalization: legislative and interpretive.
The subjective constitutional right to intellectual property performs a special "social function", which consists in ensuring an optimal balance between private and public interests.
Constitutionalization is a global trend in the modern development of states and is expressed in the universalization and intensification of the influence of constitutional values on the institutions of different legal systems, which significantly contributes to their convergence. The conclusion that intellectual property is part of the basic constitutional principles of many foreign states. Therefore, among the foundations of the constitutional system, a new principle related to the development of intellectual property relations should be highlighted, including their stimulation, encouragement, guarantee and support in order to achieve economic and social progress of society aimed at building an innovative (based on the knowledge economy) state.
Objectively existing differences between states in the tasks of constitutional regulation, the level of development of intellectual property relations and the degree of their regulation in the current legislation, in the observance of the traditions of constitutional regulation and the propensity of the constitutional legislator to include modern novelties from the constitutions of other countries give rise to new approaches to the constitutional regulation of intellectual property relations, and also entail the emergence of «mixed» models. All this makes the issue of constitutional regulation of intellectual property rights an interesting and promising object of scientific research.