bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of herbicidal anions on chemical shifts in NMR, phytotoxicity and surface properties of pyrrolidinium surface-active ionic liquids
Authors: Wojcieszak Marta , Syguda Anna , Materna Katarzyna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Six surface-active ionic liquids (SAILs) with herbicidal anions were synthetized (with a yield of ≥ 88 %) and their structure was confirmed by NMR spectra. Subsequently, their surface properties, phytotoxicity and bulk aggregation behavior in aqueous solution investigated. The compounds studied have an amphiphilic structure and, due to the presence of two long alkyl chains in the cation, they displayed surface activity (CMC values, ranging from 0.13 mmol L−1 to 1.36 mmol L−1). Our results provide explanations for the role of counterions in the physical and chemical properties of SAILs. Indeed, the aromatic anion affects the hydrophilic charge of the surface-active compounds. The SAILs containing the [MCPA]− and [MCPP]− anions were the most phytotoxic to representatives of dicotyledonous plants compared to the other compounds. By analysis of the structure of SAILs, we demonstrate that counterions play an important role in self-assembly and adsorption processes in aqueous solutions, and therefore, in the potential biological application of these compounds.
Enhancing charge transport and photoluminescence characteristics via transition metals doping in ITO thin films
Authors: Nowsherwan Ghazi Aman , Ahmad Muhammad , Bhuttee Rub Nawaz , Tahir Maryam , Azhar Muhammad , Haider Sabah , Anwar Nadia , Bilal Muhammad , Ameen Sabeen , Hussain Syed Sajjad , Riaz Saira , Naseem Shahzad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study presents the synthesis and characterization of pristine and transition metal (Co, Fe, and Zr)-doped indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films fabricated via RF magnetron sputtering. The effect of transition metal doping on ITO thin films properties was comprehensively examined using numerous spectroscopic and microscopic methods such as XRD, FTIR, and SEM coupled with EDX, UV–visible and PL spectroscopy, and four-probe and J–V measurements. The cubic crystal structure of the materials was confirmed through XRD spectroscopy, while FTIR results validated the existence of chemical bonds, signified by sharp peaks at 608 cm−1 and 667 cm−1 in the fingerprint region. SEM imaging revealed a granular-like agglomerated structure, with EDX confirming the elemental composition of the samples. The incorporation of Co, Fe, and Zr ions into ITO is aimed at improving photoconductivity and the optical bandgap, with the ultimate objective of enhancing performance in photovoltaic applications. Our findings showed a significant decrease in optical transmission in the visible spectrum. The bandgap also experienced a minor decrease from 3.67 eV to 3.53 eV. Analysis of the photoluminescence spectra exhibited the majority of emission peaks in the UV region, ascribed to electronic transitions occurring via band-to-band and band-to-impurity interactions within the ITO. Electrical measurements indicated lower resistance, higher current flow, and increased carrier concentration in transition metals–doped ITO compared to the undoped ITO, with Zr-doped ITO exhibiting the highest conductivity and optimal charge flow among all dopants. These promising findings in terms of optical, structural, and electrical attributes signal the potential of these materials for photovoltaic system applications.
Investigations on the EPR parameters and local structures for the substitutional Ti3+ and W5+ centers in stishovite
Authors: Chen Fu , Zhou Zifa , Zhang Jin , Feng Cuidi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Local structures and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) parameters (g factors g

x
, g

y
, and g

z
) for the substitutional Ti3+ and W5+ centers in stishovite are theoretically investigated by using the high-order perturbation formulas of these parameters for a d1 ion in rhombically compressed octahedra. In the calculation formulas, the related molecular orbital coefficients are obtained from the cluster approach, and the relevant crystal-field (CF) parameters are determined from the superposition model, which enables to connect these CF parameters and, hence, the studied g factors with the local structures of the Ti3+ and W5+ centers in stishovite. Based on the calculations, the impurity–ligand bond lengths parallel and perpendicular to the C
2-axis are found to be R′|| (≈1.751 and 1.717 Å) and R′⊥ (≈1.788 and 1.806 Å) with the planar bond angles θ′ (≈89.0° and 88.2°) for the studied [TiO6]9− and [WO6]7− clusters, respectively. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the validity of the results is discussed.
Fuzzy Image Target Recognition Algorithm Based on Visual Similarity in the Internet of Things Environment
Authors: Xu Lijuan , Xu Xuemiao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Because of the low accuracy of fuzzy image target recognition, an algorithm of fuzzy image target recognition based on visual similarity was researched. First, the method of adaptive weighted mean threshold was used to deal with fuzzy images, and then the adaptive threshold was obtained by a full scan of a fuzzy image. Second, the pixel point enhancement equation was established. Moreover, the new gradient operator used the points after filtering enhancement to reconstruct pixels and obtain the deblurred image. In addition, the visual similarity method was used to extract target features of the deblurred image, and then the color image was converted to a relatively uniform color space. On the basis of visual spatial response characteristics, brightness, contrast function, and chroma were used to adjust the image and thus to obtain the structure similarity index of each dimension image. By comprehensively considering the information of each dimension in color space, the structure similarity index was used to extract the image target features. Finally, the support vector machine model learned the target feature samples. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively identify the fuzzy image target.
Drug delivery in thermo-responsive silicone catheters by grafting of N-vinylcaprolactam using gamma radiation
Authors: Ramirez-Fuentes Manuel U. , Duarte-Peña Lorena , Bucio Emilio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRadiation-induced graft polymerization of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) onto silicone catheters by direct irradiation method was studied. The effects of the irradiation dose, as well as the monomer concentration, on the grafting efficiency were studied. The conditions for achieving maximum grafting yield were observed at 30% of monomer concentration in toluene at 50 kGy. The graft polymerization was examined by different characterization methods, including measurements such as thermogravimetric analysis, infrared, water contact angle, and swelling. The temperature-responsive behavior of smart grafted copolymer was studied by swelling at different temperatures. Differently from pristine silicone catheter, the N-vinylcaprolactam-grafted catheters were able to load vancomycin and sustain the release for 30 h.
Graphical abstract
Face Mask Detection System Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Manish Rana Et al. 
Published: February 2024

The project presented in this report is a real-time face mask detection system using computer vision and deep learning techniques. The primary objective of this project is to develop a system that can detect whether a person is wearing a face mask or not, with a focus on real-time performance.
The system utilizes pre-trained deep learning models for face detection and mask classification. It leverages the MobileNetV2 architecture as a feature extractor and deploys the model in real-time video streams. When a face is detected, the system classifies it as "Mask" or "No Mask" with associated confidence scores. The project involves key components, including the use of OpenCV for image processing and real-time video capture, TensorFlow/ Keras for deep learning, and the integration of pre-trained models. The code is well- structured, and it demonstrates proficiency in model loading, image preprocessing, and real-time video processing.
The findings of the project showcase a practical application for face mask detection, which has gained significance in the context of public health and safety. The system provides a valuable tool for monitoring mask compliance in public spaces and can contribute to efforts to mitigate the spread of contagious diseases. The project demonstrates the importance of combining computer vision and deep learning in real-world applications, and it serves as a reference for those interested in similar projects or applications in the field of image processing and object detection. In summary, this project illustrates the successful implementation of a real-time face mask detection system and underscores its potential contributions to public health and safety measures.
Sexual dimorphism in hypopharyngeal airway space and effective length of mandible with twin block appliance therapy: A prospective study
Authors: Sewda Surendra Kumar , Walia BS , Ray Saugat , Thapa Amrit , Chopra Sukhbir Singh 
Published: February 2024

To evaluate changes in hypopharyngeal airway space and effective length of mandible in skeletal Class II patients following Twin Block Appliance (TBA) therapy. Further, the study also aims to compare the post functional changes being observed between males and females. This is a prospective study on 15 Pre-adolescents (08 males and 07 females; mean age: 10.75 ± 0.91years) who underwent functional jaw orthopaedics with TBA. Lateral cephalogram at Pre treatment stage (T1) and post functional phase of TBA (T2) were obtained. The cephalometric parameters were measured and paired t test was done for comparison of pre and post functional changes. The mean period of functional phase of TBA therapy was 18 ± 02 months. The cephalometric changes post functional jaw orthopaedics were statistically insignificant when compared males Vs females (P &#62; 0.05). However, mean increase of in the effective length of mandible and hypopharyngeal space (T2-T1) was 4.0± 1.16 mm and 1.47±0.57 mm respectively, which were statistically highly significant (P&#60;0.5). 1. TBA therapy in skeletal Class II patients significantly increases the effective mandibular length and hypo-pharyngeal space post functional phase; 2. No significant differences were observed between males and females with respect to post functional cephalometric changes in mandibular length and hypopharyngeal space.
Invisíveis, intangíveis e irrecuperáveis
Authors: Azevedo Evelyne , Cabo Manan Terra , Guimarães Rodrigo Manuel Pentagna 
Published: February 2024

A noção de vulnerabilidade nas artes engloba, indubitavelmente, a produção artística concebida em situações de fragilidade, seja ela pela sua localização, tanto geográfica quanto social, como pelo desamparo econômico. O Museu Nacional da Quinta da Boa Vista possuía muitas pinturas em seu acervo, mas que nunca tiveram o merecido destaque dentro da instituição. Pouco conhecidas, as obras foram integralmente perdidas no incêndio que destruiu o museu em 2018, o que nos levou a questionar a sua condição de acervo vulnerável, ainda que situado num dos principais equipamentos culturais do país. Embora o museu fosse uma das mais antigas instituições brasileiras, sua autonomia institucional era bastante comprometida, uma vez que ele fazia parte dos equipamentos pertencentes à UFRJ. Seus recursos eram divididos com outros museus da mesma instituição e, como as universidades, via-se restrito ao orçamento do Ministério da Educação. Mesmo que estivéssemos diante de um grande museu, numa das principais capitais brasileiras, sua situação não poderia ser mais vulnerável.
YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETİMİNDE BLOG KULLANIMININ OKUMA BECERİSİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: TÜRKER Murat Sami , GENÇ Ayten 
Published: February 2024

Bu araştırmada, blog kullanımının yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin okuma becerisine etkisi incelenmiştir. Karma öğrenme modelinin ilkeleri incelenerek sınıf dışı öğrenmeyi gerçekleştirmek amacıyla araştırmacı tarafından özgün bir blog sayfası tasarlanmış, hazırlanan içerik öğrencilere sınıf dışı etkinlik olarak uygulanmıştır.
Çalışma, Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen B.2 düzeyinde 24 üniversite öğrencisinin katılımıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan bir okuma becerisi testi, ön test ve son test olarak uygulanarak blog uygulamasının okuma becerisine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın bir diğer aşaması olan öğrencilerin blog kullanımına yönelik tutumlarının saptanması amacıyla, çalışma öncesi ve sonrasında blog tutum ölçeği uygulanarak elde edilen veriler nicel yöntemlerle çözümlenmiştir. Bloglara yönelik tutumlar ile okuma başarısı arasındaki ilişki de çalışma kapsamında araştırılmış, bu amaçla blog tutum ölçeği ve okuma becerisi testinden elde edilen veriler karşılaştırılmıştır.
Tasarım tabanlı araştırma modelinin uygulandığı bu çalışma, katılımcılarla iş birliği yapılarak bir öğrenme ortamı tasarlanması ve tasarlanan öğrenme ortamının iyileştirilmesi ilkesine dayanmaktadır. Bu amaçla, uygulama öncesi, uygulama sırası ve uygulama sonrası olmak üzere çalışmanın bütün evrelerinde tasarım tabanlı araştırma ilkelerine bağlı kalınarak uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, öğrencilerin okuma becerisi düzeyleri ve bloglara yönelik tutumlarında uygulama sonunda pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir değişim olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin bloglara yönelik tutumları ile okuma başarıları arasında da orta düzeyde pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Financial Literacy, Emotional Intelligence for Young Investors
Authors: Triyonowati Triyonowati , Rahayu Rika 
Published: February 2024

Changes in individual activities lead to changes in behavior. In particular, adolescents experience changes in learning and teaching activities, resulting in a gap between the amount of time available and the lack of activities that adolescents can do. It becomes a momentum for adolescents to create new activities, one of which is investing in the capital market. The relationship between emotional intelligence and adolescents’ intention to become investors, as well as the moderating effect of financial literacy in the relationship. These values indicate that the model is suitable enough to explain about 42.8%-52.6% of changes in the relationships tested. Emotional intelligence has a positive effect on adolescents’ intention to become investors, and financial literacy is able to strengthen this influence. This study contributes to a greater understanding of the importance of emotional intelligence and financial literacy when adolescents have the intention to become investors, especially when capital market uncertainty increases. As capital market uncertainty increases, adolescents should be able to assimilate emotional intelligence with their financial literacy to obtain greater returns. It may encourage adolescents to keep choosing their career as an investor. These results have significant theoretical contributions and provide recommendations for industry and policymaker. This can encourage teens to still choose their careers as investors. These results have significant theoretical contributions and provide recommendations for industry and policymakers.
Securing Large Healthcare Files in Cloud-Blockchain Integration: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ramirez Lopez Leonardo Juan , Millan David Felipe , Martinez Luis Hernando , Carbonell Andres , Rojas Reales Wilson Mauro 
Published: February 2024

The management of large medical files is a critical challenge in the health sector. Conventional systems have security, scalability, and efficiency deficiencies. This project proposes a hybrid architecture between blockchain and cloud computing to address these challenges. Blockchain ensures the immutability and traceability of medical records, while the cloud allows scalable and efficient storage. Together, these technologies can transform data management in electronic health record applications. The essential objective of this research is to thoroughly look at the existing strategies, devices, and conventions that encourage a secure interaction between blockchain applications and the cloud. Special emphasis is set on maintaining the integrity and security of the blockchain while tackling the potential and efficiency of cloud infrastructures. Through a meticulous investigation of these approaches, along with their successful usage and encountered challenges, this paper offers a comprehensive overview of the present state of this integration. Altogether, this paper does not propose new concepts or developments. Its central focus is to provide a comprehensive and insightful examination of the modern landscape concerning the integration of blockchain and cloud advances. By shedding light on the existing approaches and assessing their viability, this work aims to highlight the current challenges and build up a solid establishment for future development. This, in turn, will cultivate a consistent integration of blockchain security with the dynamic potential of cloud computing while guaranteeing information integrity and security remain uncompromised. In conclusion, this paper serves as a important resource for analysts, specialists, and partners looking for to dig into and development the integration of blockchain and cloud innovations, subsequently contributing to a more secure and productive cloud environment.
Health Risks of Unaccompanied Immigrant Children in Federal Custody and in US Communities
Authors: Young Janine , Binford Warren , Bochenek Michael Garcia , Greenbaum Jordan 
Published: February 2024

Unaccompanied immigrant children continue to arrive at the US–Mexico border and are at high risk for ongoing abuse, neglect, and poor mental and physical health. We are medical and legal experts in the fields of immigrant and refugee health, child abuse, and the legal rights of international refugee and migrant children. We provide an overview of US federal agencies with custody of unaccompanied immigrant children, a summary of medical care provided while in custody, and recent findings from the independent Juvenile Care Monitor Report mandating new custodial conditions for immigrant children while in federal custody. We provide recommendations to improve the health and well-being of unaccompanied immigrant children while in custody and once released to US sponsors. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(3):340–346. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307570 )
The eukaryotic-like characteristics of small GTPase, roadblock and TRAPPC3 proteins from Asgard archaea
Authors: Robinson Robert , Tran Linh , Akil Caner , Senju Yosuke 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Membrane-enclosed organelles are defining features of eukaryotes in distinguishing these organisms from prokaryotes. Specification of distinct membranes is critical to assemble and maintain discrete compartments. Small GTPases and their regulators are the signaling molecules that drive membrane-modifying machineries to the desired location. These signaling molecules include Rab and Rag GTPases, roadblock and longin domain proteins, and TRAPPC3-like proteins. Here, we take a structural approach to assess the relatedness of these eukaryotic-like proteins in Asgard archaea, the closest known prokaryotic relatives to eukaryotes. We find that the Asgard archaea GTPase core domains closely resemble eukaryotic Rabs and Rags. Asgard archaea roadblock, longin and TRAPPC3 domain-containing proteins form dimers similar to those found in the eukaryotic TRAPP and Ragulator complexes. We conclude that the emergence of these protein architectures predated eukaryogenesis, however further adaptations occurred in proto-eukaryotes to allow these proteins to regulate distinct internal membranes.
On the Consistent Construction of Forced-Choice Ipsative Tests
Authors: Vaughan Martin Paul , Demes Kali A , Glowinkowski Steve Paul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The need for consistent construction of forced-choice ipsative tests to avoid the introduction of hard-coded ‘errors-by-design’ is highlighted. A set of necessary criteria for consistent construction, apparently widely overlooked in the literature, is found and recommended. It is shown that for ipsative tests involving P scales with more than M = 2 items per question block, the consistent combinations of P and M are in fact few and far between for tests with a manageable number of item blocks. The introduction of errors through badly designed scoring methods is also illustrated and explained via analysis.
Warming alters non-trophic interactions in soft bottom habitats
Authors: Laukaityte Simona , Bishop Melanie Jane , Govers Laura Leone , Eriksson Britas D. H. Klemens 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Though there is mounting evidence that climate warming is altering trophic interactions between organisms, its effects on non-trophic interactions remain relatively undocumented. In seagrass systems, the bioturbating activity of infauna influences annual seagrass growth by influencing seed burial depth and germination success as well as sediment properties. If bioturbation is altered by warming, consequences on seagrass may result. Here, we assessed how heatwaves alter seagrass seed burial depth and germination rates when no bioturbators (control), single bioturbators and mixtures of bioturbators of contrasting feeding activities are present. The three bioturbators manipulated were surface (top 1-2cm of sediment) biodiffusor, the brown shrimp (Crangon crangon), the shallow (top 3–8 cm) diffusor, the common cockle, (Cerastoderma edule) and the upward (5–15 cm) conveyor, the polychaete, Cappitellidae spp. We applied two temperature treatments: (1) a present-day scenario set at the average summer temperature of seagrass habitat (17ºC); and (2) a heat-wave scenario modeled on the maximum recorded temperature (26.6ºC). Under present-day conditions, seed burial was greater in the presence of bioturbators than the control where no infauna was added. Cockles had the greatest impact on seed burial among all the bioturbators. Under the heat-wave scenario, seed burial in the mixed bioturbator treatment increased to match that of the cockle treatment. Cockles and polychaetes elevated the germination rates of buried seeds under present-day temperature, but not under the heat-wave scenario. Overall, these results indicate that heatwaves have the potential both to amplify and disrupt non-trophic interactions, with implications for seagrass seed germination.