bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell transcriptome profile in a clinical trial with subcutaneous, grass pollen allergoid immunotherapy
Authors: Starchenka Sviatlana , Oluwayi Kemi , Heath Matthew , Armfield Oliver , Shamji Mohamed , Layhadi Janice , Lis Katarzyna , Cadavez Lisa , Rusyn Olesya , Skinner Murray , De Kam Pieter‐Jan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAllergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease‐modifying treatment in allergic airway diseases. Underlying immunological mechanisms and candidate biomarkers, which may be translated into predictive/surrogate measures of clinical efficacy, remain an active area of research. The aim of this study was to evaluate Pollinex Quattro (PQ) Grass AIT induced immunomodulatory mechanisms, based on transcriptome profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Methods119 subjects with grass pollen induced seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) were randomized in a 2:2:1:1 ratio to receive a cumulative dose of PQ Grass as a conventional or extended pre‐seasonal regimen, placebo, or placebo with MicroCrystalline Tyrosine. Gene expression analysis was an exploratory endpoint evaluated in a subgroup of 30 subjects randomly selected from the four treatment arms. Samples were collected at three time points: screening (baseline), before the start of the grass pollen season and at the end of the season. This study was funded by the manufacturer of PQ.ResultsTranscriptome analysis demonstrated that the most significant changes in gene expression, for both treatment regimens, were at the end of the grass pollen season, with the main Th1 candidate molecules (IL‐12A, IFNγ) upregulated and Th2 signature cytokines downregulated (IL‐4, IL‐13, IL‐9) (p < .05). Canonical pathways analysis demonstrated Th1, Th2, Th17 and IL‐17 as the most significantly enriched pathways based on absolute value of activation z‐score (IzI score ≥ 2, p < .05). Upstream regulator analysis showed pronounced inhibition of pro‐inflammatory allergic molecules IgE, IL‐17A, IL‐17F, IL‐25 (IL‐17E) (IzI score ≥ 2, FDR < 0.05) and activation of pro‐tolerogenic molecules IL‐12A, IL‐27, IL‐35 (EBI3) at the end of the grass pollen season.ConclusionPeripheral blood mononuclear cells transcriptome profile showed an inhibition of Th2, Th17 pro‐inflammatory allergic responses and immune deviation towards Th1 responses. PQ Grass extended regimen exhibited a superior mechanistic efficacy profile in comparison with PQ conventional regimen.
Design of an Ara h 2 hypoallergen from conformational epitopes
Authors: Min Jungki , Keswani Tarun , LaHood Nicole A. , Lytle Isabelle R. , Marini‐Rapoport Orlee , Andrieux Léna , Sneed Sunny L. , Edwards Lori L. , Petrovich Robert M. , Perera Lalith , Pomés Anna , Pedersen Lars C. , Patil Sarita U. , Mueller Geoffrey A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAdverse reactions are relatively common during peanut oral immunotherapy. To reduce the risk to the patient, some researchers have proposed modifying the allergen to reduce IgE reactivity, creating a putative hypoallergen. Analysis of recently cloned human IgG from patients treated with peanut immunotherapy suggested that there are three common conformational epitopes for the major peanut allergen Ara h 2. We sought to test if structural information on these epitopes could indicate mutagenesis targets for designing a hypoallergen and evaluated the reduction in IgE binding via immunochemistry and a mouse model of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA).MethodsX‐ray crystallography characterized the conformational epitopes in detail, followed by mutational analysis of key residues to modify monoclonal antibody (mAb) and serum IgE binding, assessed by ELISA and biolayer interferometry. A designed Ara h 2 hypoallergen was tested for reduced vascularization in mouse PCA experiments using pooled peanut allergic patient serum.ResultsA ternary crystal structure of Ara h 2 in complex with patient antibodies 13T1 and 13T5 was determined. Site‐specific mutants were designed that reduced 13T1, 13T5, and 22S1 mAbs binding by orders of magnitude. By combining designed mutations from the three major conformational bins, a hexamutant (Ara h 2 E46R, E89R, E97R, E114R, Q146A, R147E) was created that reduced IgE binding in serum from allergic patients. Further, in the PCA model where mice were primed with peanut allergic patient serum, reactivity upon allergen challenge was significantly decreased using the hexamutant.ConclusionThese studies demonstrate that prior knowledge of common conformational epitopes can be used to engineer reduced IgE reactivity, an important first step in hypoallergen design.
Bycatch in drift gillnet fisheries: A sink for Indian Ocean cetaceans
Authors: Elliott Brianna , Kiszka Jeremy J. , Bonhommeau Sylvain , Shahid Umair , Lent Rebecca , Nelson Lauren , Read Andrew J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn 1992, the UN banned the use of large‐scale pelagic driftnets on the high seas (UNGA Resolution 46/215). Three decades later, however, drift gillnets remain one of the primary fishing gears in the Indian Ocean, accounting for approximately 30% of tuna catches in this ocean. Recent estimates indicate that several million small cetaceans have been killed in Indian Ocean gillnets over the past few decades. National agencies and the regional fisheries management organization charged with managing tuna fisheries, the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission, have yet to effectively document the bycatch of small cetaceans in these fisheries. Here, we review current information on cetacean bycatch in Indian Ocean drift gillnets and propose potential solutions to this important conservation issue.
Financial inclusion and monetary policy effectiveness in a monetary union: Heterogenous panel approach
Authors: Kebede Jeleta , Selvanathan Saroja , Naranpanawa Athula 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe examine the nexus between financial inclusion and inflation targeting monetary policy effectiveness in West African Economic and Monetary Union countries by employing a heterogenous panel approach that enables us to delineate the responses to policy innovations related to idiosyncratic country‐specific shocks, common shocks, and composite shocks. We find that these shocks significantly affect inflation and financial inclusion but with varying magnitudes, signs, time of responses, and persistence. We further demonstrate that inflation targeting monetary policy is differently associated with the various dimensions and indicators of financial inclusion. Overall financial inclusion shocks temporarily increase inflation; deposit shocks reduce inflation; and credit shocks increase inflation. Central bank policy rate differently responds across time horizon to overall financial inclusion shocks; and it increases due to credit shocks highlighting that the monetary authority responds to credit shocks by implementing contractionary monetary policy. Our results highlight that monetary policy aimed at promoting inclusive financial services and responses of monetary policy to financial inclusion should be specific to the dimensions of financial inclusion.
BEVA primary care clinical guidelines: Equine parasite control
Authors: Rendle David , Hughes Kristopher , Bowen Mark , Bull Katie , Cameron Ian , Furtado Tamzin , Peachey Laura , Sharpe Laura , Hodgkinson Jane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of consensus on how best to balance our need to minimise the risk of parasite‐associated disease in the individual horse, with the need to limit the use of anthelmintics in the population to preserve their efficacy through delaying further development of resistance.ObjectivesTo develop evidence‐based guidelines utilising a modified GRADE framework.MethodsA panel of veterinary scientists with relevant expertise and experience was convened. Relevant research questions were identified and developed with associated search terms being defined. Evidence in the veterinary literature was evaluated using the GRADE evidence‐to‐decision framework. Literature searches were performed utilising CAB abstracts and PubMed. Where there was insufficient evidence to answer the research question the panel developed practical guidance based on their collective knowledge and experience.ResultsSearch results are presented, and recommendation or practical guidance were made in response to 37 clinically relevant questions relating to the use of anthelmintics in horses.Main limitationsThere was insufficient evidence to answer many of the questions with any degree of certainty and practical guidance frequently had to be based upon extrapolation of relevant information and the panel members' collective experience and opinions.ConclusionsEquine parasite control practices and current recommendations have a weak evidence base. These guidelines highlight changes in equine parasite control that should be considered to reduce the threat of parasite‐associated disease and delay the development of further anthelmintic resistance.
Effects of different maize residue managements on soil organic nitrogen cycling in different soil layers in northeast China
Authors: Su Hongzhi , Zhang Yulan , Wu Guohui , Chen Zhenhua , Jiang Nan , Qiu Weiwen , Chen Lijun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA field experiment was conducted in northeast China to examine the response of nitrogen cycling enzymes, that is, protease, N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase (NAG), amidase, urease, and peptidase, as well soil organic nitrogen (SON) fractions and their relationships to RT (no maize residue application), NT (no tillage with maize residues placed on the surface), TT (plow maize residues into the soil at 0–35 cm depth in the first year, 0–20 cm in the second year, and 0–15 cm in the third year), and PT (plow maize residues into soil at 0–35 cm depth). The results have shown that NT significantly enhanced the activities of protease and NAG at 0–10 cm soil depth in comparison with other treatments. NT and TT significantly enhanced the activities of protease compared to RT and PT at 10–20 cm soil depth. TT significantly enhanced the activities of NAG in comparison with RT at 10–20 cm soil depth. TT and PT significantly enhanced the activities of NAG and peptidase compared to RT and NT at 20–35 cm soil depth. PT significantly increased the activities of protease in comparison with RT at 20–35 cm soil depth. NT, TT, and PT significantly enhanced the activities of peptidase compared to RT at 10–20 cm soil depth. NT significantly increased the concentration of hydrolyzable in comparison with other treatments at 0–10 cm soil depth. PT significantly enhanced the concentration of hydrolyzable and amino acid N compared to other treatments at 20–35 cm soil depth. Redundancy analysis showed that protease played a crucial role in the cycling of SON under RT and NT, whereas peptidase and NAG played a significant role in the cycling of SON under TT and PT, respectively. This study provided a comprehensive understanding of crop residue return methods for regulating soil N cycling.
Occupational choice, satisfaction and success of PhD graduates in East Asia and the West: A systematic review
Authors: Yang Yu , Fumasoli Tatiana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe globally expanding doctoral education and the diminishing availability of academic job opportunities have prompted an increasing proportion of PhD graduates to seek employment beyond academia, drawing a growing scholarly interest. However, the existing literature on doctoral career pathways tends to be fragmented and dispersed, given the idiosyncratic individual and educational characteristics of doctorates grappling with the complex structural factors. To depict a comprehensive picture of the diversifying employment trajectories of doctorates across various geographical, disciplinary and sectoral contexts, this study conducts a systematic review, scouring 831 pertinent journal articles from the Web of Science. Following a set of inclusion criteria, 31 papers were ultimately selected to identify the key factors shaping employment trajectories of PhD graduates at structural (national supply and demand), institutional (employers' perceptions) and individual (doctorates' characteristics) levels. Drawing on the boundaryless and value‐based career theories, the authors develop a four‐dimension analytical framework, within which the findings of the 31 papers in East Asian and Western contexts are analysed. Overall, stakeholders in Western systems generally recognise the trend of PhD graduates securing non‐academic employment, whereas East Asian nations appear less receptive to this agenda. Meanwhile, due to their strong emphasis on research skills utilisation and employment stability, PhD graduates in certain economies find it challenging to pursue satisfying and successful careers, warranting increased attention. Building on the findings, we propose a four‐quadrat model in an effort to provide a tool for evaluating the capacity to absorb doctoral workforces of specific systems by categorising the doctoral professions. Highlighting shared patterns observed across various higher education systems and distinct trends prevalent in specific economies, this paper addresses key topics in doctoral education and doctorate employment literature such as labour market conditions, employment outcomes, job satisfaction, skills (mis)matches and sustainable careers.
Development of person‐centred quality indicators for aged care assessment services in Australia: A mixed methods study
Authors: Smith Sandra , Travers Catherine , Roberts Natasha , Martin‐Khan Melinda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study developed a proposed set of person‐centred quality indicators (PC‐QIs) for services that assess older adults' care and support needs to determine their eligibility to receive government‐funded aged care services in Australia. Individual proposed PC‐QIs amenability for change within current organizational structures were explored. Barriers and opportunities to adapt service elements of the aged care assessment service to better align with the intent of the proposed PC‐QIs were identified.MethodsA mixed methods study was conducted over five phases. A scoping review identified domains of quality for aged care services as perceived by older adults. Service elements of an aged care assessment service were mapped alongside quality domains informing key attributes of each quality domain. Self‐determination theory was used to formulate each proposed PC‐QI to align with key attributes and quality domains. Consultation with a consumer group enabled revision of the proposed PC‐QIs. A focus group with clinicians evaluated the amenability of each proposed PC‐QI for change and identified barriers and opportunities to better align service elements with older adults' perceptions of quality. Results were informed by qualitative and quantitative data from a structured focus group. Focus group discussions were audio recorded and subsequently transcribed verbatim. Qualitative data were analyzed using a deductive thematic approach by two independent researchers.ResultsTwenty‐four proposed PC‐QIs were developed. Refinement to descriptors of the proposed PC‐QIs were made by the consumer group (n = 18) and all were affirmed as being amenable to change by aged care assessors. Barriers in meeting the intent of the proposed PC‐QIs were identified across five domains including: health care staff knowledge (18.7%; n = 3); clear communication (31%; n = 5); person‐centred approach (18.7%; n = 3); respect for client (18.7%; n = 3); and collaborative partnership with client (12%; n = 2). Participants made 21 recommendations. Of the five service elements in delivering an aged care assessment service, barriers in meeting the intent of the proposed PC‐QIs were identified at the intake and booking of an assessment and during the assessment.ConclusionsRecommendations identified provide assessment services guidance on ways to adapt service elements to better align with older adults' perceptions of quality.Patient and Public ContributionPatients and carers were involved as collaborators in this project at the protocol stage which included participating in discussions regarding the refining and modification of the protocol, refinement of the proposed PC‐QIs, data collection forms and supplementary information for participants.
“That's where the hunt for the correction begins”: Experiences of administrative errors as sites of administrative burden
Authors: Holler Roni , Tarshish Noam , Kaplan Efrat 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo err is human, and as such, administrative errors are an inevitable component of current and future welfare state bureaucracy. Hitherto, while studies on administrative burden have shown us that routine interactions with welfare bureaucracy are often burdensome, very little is known about the nature of these interactions when something goes wrong. Most social policy and public administration scholarship focus on ex‐ante analysis of administrative errors, with only scant research devoted to ex‐post analysis of how claimants experience such errors once they occur, and the types of costs they may incur. This article contributes to the growing field of administrative burden research by examining welfare claimants' experiences of administrative errors. Analysis of 19 interviews with Israeli benefit recipients uncovered two themes. The first related to the process of correcting errors, including identifying and communicating them to the system. The second theme addressed the consequences of errors: on the one hand, economic and emotional costs including loss of trust in the system, and on the other, acquiring bureaucratic skills. These findings highlight bureaucratic errors as a critical and unique site of learning burden, as well as the need for a human contact to allow claimants to better deal with their consequences.
Prognostic factors for overall survival in clinical node‐positive patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Sasahara Taishiro , Yanagisawa Takafumi , Sugaya Shingo , Hisakane Akira , Sakanaka Keigo , Hara Shuhei , Otsuka Takashi , Takamizawa Shigeaki , Yata Yuji , Takahashi Yusuke , Takiguchi Yuki , Mori Keiichiro , Tsuzuki Shunsuke , Kimura Shoji , Miki Jun , Kimura Takahiro 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThere is sparse evidence regarding optimal management and prognosticators for oncologic outcomes in patients with clinical node‐positive (cN+) upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data from 105 UTUC patients with cN1‐2M0 between June 2010 and June 2022 at multiple institutions affiliated with our university. At the time of diagnosis, all patients received standard‐of‐care treatment including radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), chemotherapy, and/or palliative care. We employed a Cox regression model to analyze the prognostic importance of various factors on overall survival (OS).ResultsOf 105 patients, 54 (51%) underwent RNU, while 51 (49%) did not. RNU was likely to be selected in patients with younger and higher G8 score, resulting in better median OS in patients who underwent RNU than in those who did not (42 months vs. 15 months, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis among the entire cohort revealed that low G8 score (≤14) (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–3.99), elevated pretreatment C‐reactive protein (CRP) (HR: 3.35, 95%CI: 1.63–6.90), and failure to perform RNU (HR: 2.16, 95%CI: 1.06–4.42) were independent prognostic factors for worse OS. In the subgroup analyses of cohorts who did not undergo RNU, elevated pretreatment CRP was the only independent prognostic factor for worse OS in cN+ UTUC patients.ConclusionsRNU seems to be a reasonable treatment option in cN+ UTUC patients where applicable. Elevated pretreatment CRP appears to be a reliable prognosticator of worse OS and may be helpful in optimizing candidate selection for intensified treatment in this setting.
There and back again: when and how the world's richest snake family (Dipsadidae) dispersed and speciated across the Neotropical region
Authors: Serrano Filipe C. , Pontes‐Nogueira Matheus , Sawaya Ricardo J. , Alencar Laura R. V. , Nogueira Cristiano C. , Grazziotin Felipe G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThe widespread megadiverse Neotropical snake family Dipsadidae occurs in a large range of diverse habitats. Therefore, it represents an excellent model to study the diversification of Neotropical biota. Herein, by generating a time‐calibrated species‐level phylogeny, we investigate the origin and historical biogeography of Dipsadidae and test if its two main Neotropical subfamilies, Xenodontinae and Dipsadinae, have different geographical origins.LocationNeotropical region.TaxonDipsadidae (Serpentes).MethodsWe generated a new Bayesian time‐calibrated phylogeny based on published sequences from six genes for 344 species, including 287 species of Dipsadidae. We subsequently estimated ancestral areas of distribution by comparing models in BioGeoBEARS: DEC (subset sympatry, narrow vicariance), DIVALIKE (narrow and wide vicariance), BAYAREALIKE (no vicariance and widespread sympatry), also testing jump dispersal. We also estimated shifts in the diversification of this group using BAMM, exploring possible relationships with its historical biogeography.ResultsThe best models show that Dipsadidae likely originated approximately 50 million years ago (mya) in Asia. Dispersal was a fundamental process in its historical biogeography. The DEC model with jump dispersal indicated that this family underwent a range extension from Asia and posterior vicariance of North and Central America ancestors. Both Xenodontinae and Dipsadinae originated in Central America and dispersed to South America during Middle Eocene, but did so to different regions (cis and trans‐Andean South America, respectively). Xenodontinae entered cis‐Andean South America around 39 mya and jump dispersed to the West Indies around 33 mya, while Dipsadinae entered trans‐Andean South America multiple times 20–38 mya. The diversification rate decreased through time, except for a clade within Dipsadinae composed of the Dipsadini tribe and the Atractus and Geophis genera.Main ConclusionsOur results show that Dipsadidae has an Asian origin and that the two main Neotropical subfamilies originated in Central America, later dispersing to South America in different time periods. This difference is also reflected in the higher diversification rate for the ‘goo‐eaters’ in the Dipsadinae subfamily. The current biogeographical patterns of the family Dipsadidae, the most species‐rich snake family in the world, have likely been shaped by complex evolutionary and geological processes such as Eocene land bridges, Andean uplift and the formation of the Panama isthmus.