bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoding the significant diagnostic and prognostic importance of maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase in human cancers through deep integrative analyses
Authors: Hameed Yasir 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cancer is a multifactorial disease and the second leading cause of human deaths worldwide. So far, the underlying mechanisms of cancer have not been yet fully elucidated.

Methods:
By using TCGA expression data, we determine the pathogenic roles of the maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) gene in various human cancers in this study. For this purpose, different online databases and tools (UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier (KM) plotter, TNMplot, GENT2, GEPIA, HPA, cBioPortal, STRING, Enrichr, TIMER, Cytoscape, DAVID, MuTarget, and CTD) were used.

Results:
MELK gene expression was analyzed in a total of 24 human cancers and was found notably up-regulated in all the 24 analyzed tumor tissues relative to controls. Moreover, across a few specific cancers, including kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) patients, MELK up-regulation was observed to be correlated with the shorter survival duration and metastasis. This valuable information highlighted that MELK plays a significant role in the development and progression of these four cancers. Based on clinical variables, MELK higher expression was also found in KIRC, STAD, LUAD, and LIHC patients with different clinical variables. Gene ontology and pathway analysis outcomes showed that MELK-associated genes notably co-expressed with MELK and belongs to a variety of diverse biological processes, molecular functions, and pathways. MELK expression was also correlated with promoter methylation levels, genetic alterations, other mutant genes, tumor purity, CD8+ T, and CD+4 T immune cells infiltrations in KIRC, STAD, LUAD, and LIHC.

Conclusion:
This pan-cancer study revealed the diagnostic and prognostic roles of MELK across four different cancers.
Spindle cell carcinoma of male breast: Report of a rare case
Authors: Palo Seetu , Jaiswal Sushila 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report a rare case of spindle cell carcinoma, a histological subtype of metaplastic breast carcinoma, in a 40-year-old male who presented with an ulcero-proliferative lump in the right breast. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the lesion showed poorly cohesive clusters of pleomorphic spindle-shaped cells, suggestive of malignant spindle cell tumor. Right mastectomy along with ipsilateral lymph node dissection was performed. Microscopic evaluation revealed a neoplasm comprising interlacing fascicles of oval to spindled pleomorphic cells with brisk mitosis and areas of necrosis. There was no nodal metastasis. Immunohistochemistry revealed a triple-negative phenotype along with diffuse positivity for CK5/6, vimentin, and smooth muscle actin. p63, beta-catenin, and CD34 were negative. The patient subsequently received adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide regimen and was disease-free at 1-year follow-up.
Localized aggressive angiomyxoma of axilla: A rare case report
Authors: Sidhu Manjinder Singh , Jain Kunal , Sood Sandhya , Kaur Harpreet 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare mesenchymal locally aggressive tumor arising in the pelvis and perineal region in females. On the other hand, extragenital AAMs are extremely rare, specifically in males. We are reporting male AAM which involves only axillary region along with its pathological features. To confirm it, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done. In sum, pathological examination and IHC aid in distinguishing this lesion and help in differentiating it from other tumors of similar histology. Furthermore, it also aids in planning treatment.
A novel EML4–NTRK3 fusion in lung adenocarcinoma with dramatic response to entrectinib
Authors: Batra Ullas , Nathany Shrinidhi , Sharma Mansi , Jain Parveen , Mehta Anurag , Bansal Abhishek 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
In-frame fusions in NTRK genes, with intact kinase domain, have been reported to occur at higher frequencies in rare tumors like infantile fibrosarcoma, congenital mesoblastic nephroma, and secretory carcinoma, whereas they occur at very low frequencies in common malignancies like NSCLC and colon cancers (0.1%–1%). Despite the rare occurrence, these alterations have gained importance owing to approval of drugs like entrectinib and larotrectinib targeting the kinase domain of the gene. More than 50 fusion partners have been described, and only in-frame fusions result in constitutive ligand-independent kinase activity leading to oncogenesis. The commonly reported NTRK fusions in the lung include SQSTM1–NTRK1, ETV6–NTRK3, and SQSTM1–NTRK3. Detection of these rests on the use of conventional modalities like Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); however, accurate characterization requires direct sequencing methods. We report an interesting case of an NTRK fusion-positive NSCLC, exhibiting good response to entrectinib.
Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with male breast cancer: A single tertiary center experience
Authors: Dogan Izzet , Aydin Esra , Ak Naziye , Ozkurt Selnur , Ibıs Kamuran , Sükrüoglu Ozge , Erciyas Seda Kılıc , Küçücük Seden , Yazici Hulya , Aydiner Adnan , Saip Pinar 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The goal of this study was to assess the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic variables in men with breast cancer (BC).

Methods:
Clinical features, pathological characteristics, stage at diagnosis, and therapy data were noted. Survival analysis was performed using the log-rank technique and Cox regression model.

Results:
Eighty patients were included in the study. In 31% of the individuals, BRCA (BReast CAncer genes 1 and 2) mutations were identified. The estrogen receptor (ER) positivity ratio was 93.6%, whereas the progesterone receptor (PR) positivity ratio was 74.4%. In 16.9% of the cases, HER2 overexpression was found. The median survival time was 120.9 months (70.3–171.5), and the five-year overall survival (OS) ratio was 74.9%. In univariate analysis, BRCA mutation status had no effect on OS (P = 0.50). CA15-3 levels (P = 0.03) at diagnosis and history of smoking (P = 0.03) were significantly linked with OS. However, the multivariate analysis could not confirm these results.

Conclusions:
We found that BRCA mutation, body mass index, a history of smoking, and alcohol consumption did not affect the OS in this research.
Capecitabine is effective as palliative chemotherapy in a patient with androgen receptor and HER2 positive metastatic salivary duct carcinoma. A case report
Authors: Čavka Luka , Zakotnik Branko 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Metastatic salivary duct carcinomas (SDC) are rare tumors and evidence-based guidelines for their treatment have not yet been established. Reports of such cases like ours could be beneficial in the decision-making in the similar clinical circumstances. Here we present the 64-year-old Caucasian man with bone pain and pancytopenia two years after local treatment of SDC, in whom a bone marrow biopsy revealed poorly differentiated carcinoma of salivary origin with nuclear androgen receptor (AR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) positivity. Clinical response was achieved with cis-platin based cytotoxic therapy and maintenance hormonal treatment. At progression after 12 months, he was treated with anti-HER2 therapy combined with taxanes. The response lasted for 14 months. Then palliative therapy with capecitabine was introduced. With a relatively sustained quality of life, the response lasted for 15 months.
Expression of heat shock protein 70 in oral epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Karri Roja Lakshmi , Subramanyam RV , Venigella Aparna , Babburi Suresh , Pinisetti Soujanya , Amrutha Rudraraju , Nelakurthi Hasini 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies. They are involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, death, and immune system detection. HSP 70 has been shown to resist cytotoxicity in cancer cells and even enhance tumor development through an immune escape mechanism, suggesting that HSP70 may play a role in carcinogenesis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of HSP70 as a predictive marker for malignant transformation in oral epithelial dysplasia.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty samples of epithelial dysplasia (10 mild dysplasia, 10 moderate dysplasia, and 10 severe dysplasia/carcinoma-in-situ cases), 10 samples of well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and 10 samples of normal oral mucosa were routinely processed, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, and immunohistochemically examined for HSP70 expressions. To determine the statistical difference between two groups, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Mann–Whitney test were used.

Results:
HSP70 expression was high but not homogenous in normal mucosa. Dysplasia showed an initial drop, and the expression increased with increasing degrees of dysplasia. There was no statistically significant difference across various types of epithelial dysplasia. From dysplasias to well-differentiated carcinoma, HSP70 exhibited a considerable rise.

Conclusion:
Overexpression of HSP70 in clinically suspicious and histologically established epithelial dysplasia may suggest a likelihood of transformation to well-differentiated OSCC and may have a prognostic value. However, more studies with a bigger sample size are needed to prove HSP70’s role as a predictor.
Potential implications of mobile applications in oral cancer
Authors: Sharma Deepti , Gupta Shruti , Koshy George , Sharma Vishal Kumar , Hooda Anita 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The modern era has observed vast technological advancements with a definite impact on the health sector. There has been an upsurge in mobile applications (mApps) used for varied purposes. Many mApps are available that target different arenas in dentistry including a range of oral health issues, the most important being oral cancer. These mApps with specific algorithms have been used for risk assessment, screening and diagnosis of oral potentially malignant and malignant disorders. Other benefits include remote consultation, timely referral, treatment of the disease, self monitoring and adherence to medications. Therefore, this review is designed to appraise the utility of mobile apps in oral cancer. The systematic research of the literature was done to find relevant articles regarding the development and applications of mApps in oral cancer by using specific research engines. PubMed, Cochrane and Clinical Key databases were searched electronically, irrespective of date of publication, with an assortment of several independent terms. A total of 423 articles were accessed, and screened. After applying the definite inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 articles were finally selected which highlighted the impact of mApps in oral cancer. It was concluded that the potential of mobile applications could be harnessed judiciously to improve the screening, diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer.
Intestinal Fatty Acid-binding Protein in Patients with Psoriasis: A Marker of Impaired Intestinal Permeability Barrier and its Relation to Demographic Data and Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Mahran Ayman , Hosni Amal , Mageed Ahmed A. A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Alterations of intestinal microbiota may play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Dysbiosis may cause disruption of the intestinal barrier, which contributes to immune activation by translocation of microbial antigens and metabolites. Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) serves as a biomarker of enterocyte damage.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate serum concentration of I-FABP in patients with psoriasis.

Methods:
A cross-sectional hospital-based study on fifty psoriatic patients and thirty-five age and sex-matched healthy volunteers as a control group were enrolled in the study, serum I-FABP concentration was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:
Concentration of serum I-FABP was higher in patients compared to controls (P = 0.04). The serum level of I-FABP was higher in patients with skin phototype IV than in those with skin phototype III (P = 0.040). There were significant positive statistical correlations between I-FABP with age and disease duration.

Conclusion:
I-FABP, a biomarker for gut permeability, is increased in psoriasis and correlates with disease duration and age. Further investigations are needed to determine whether reinforcing intestinal barrier may be a new therapeutic target in psoriasis.
Successful Management of Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy: A Multidisciplinary Approach Utilising Uterine Artery Embolisation and Hysteroscopic Resection
Authors: Jha Sangam , Jafeesha B 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cervical ectopic pregnancy (CEP) is a rare and challenging condition that requires prompt management to prevent complications. We present a case of a 27-year-old woman with a history of prior uterine surgeries who presented with vaginal spotting. Ultrasonography revealed an empty uterine cavity and a growing gestational sac with a viable foetus in the cervical canal. Despite methotrexate therapy, her beta-human chorionic gonadotropin hCG levels continued to rise, necessitating an alternative treatment approach. Bilateral uterine artery embolisation (UAE) was performed to reduce the risk of haemorrhage before hysteroscopic resection of the pregnancy. The combined approach of UAE and hysteroscopic resection successfully managed the CEP, leading to a favourable outcome. This case highlights the importance of early detection, tailored interventions and multidisciplinary collaboration in the management of CEP. UAE, in conjunction with hysteroscopic resection, offers a promising treatment option for CEP, minimising complications and preserving reproductive health.
Psychometric Measurement of Fertility-related Quality of Life across Gender in Primary Infertile Couples
Authors: Kumari Amita , Itagi Afreen Begum H. , Kanchi V. Bhargava Reddy , Sharmila Vijayan , Dipankar Satish Pundlik 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Infertility is a crucial global public health issue that affects millions of people of reproductive age. Fertility-related stress can negatively impact infertile couples’ quality of life (QoL).

Aims:
This study aimed to assess and compare the psychometric properties of fertility QoL between primary infertile couples’ male and female partners.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study included 114 primary infertile couples visiting the Andrology Laboratory referred from the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, AIIMS, Patna.

Materials and Methods:
Data were collected using the Fertility QoL (FertiQoL) tool, an internationally validated questionnaire to measure the reproductive QoL, demographic information and medical history. The FertiQoL questionnaire responses were recorded and analysed.

Statistical Analyses Used:
Statistical analyses used were performed using the SPSS 20.0 version. Descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Cronbach’s alpha and Student’s independent t-tests were used. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
In our study, the overall estimated Cronbach’s α was 0.83, and males had a significantly better fertility-related QoL in all domains of the FertiQoL, such as emotional (P < 0.000), mind–body (P < 0.000), social (P < 0.004) and tolerability (P < 0.000), except relational and environmental domains, which were lower in them. However, between the groups, the relational domain was significant (0.000) and the environmental domain was non-significant (0.592). Overall, males had a significantly better total core score, total treatment score and overall total FertiQoL score, while females had lower scores.

Conclusion:
Amongst infertile couples, the reproductive QoL was poorer in females than in males. Our study suggests psychological counselling and mental support for females during infertility management.
Effect of Chitosan on the Mechanical Properties and Color Stability of Two Commercially Available Heat Cure Denture Base Resins: An In vitro Study
Authors: Verma Nivea , Lahori Manesh 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Chitosan is one of the new and promising biomaterials being used in dentistry. However, there are fewer studies available in the literature to estimate the mechanical properties of chitosan with heat polymerized denture base resin (DBR). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporation of chitosan nanoparticles on flexural strength, fracture toughness, and color stability of two different types of heat cure DBR.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to evaluate the mechanical properties and color stability of two DBRs reinforced with different concentrations of chitosan.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 240 samples were made of DPI (n = 120) and Trevalon (n = 120) DBR. The samples of each type were divided into four groups depending on the concentration of chitosan-C 0, C 5, C 12.5, and C 20. Flexural strength and fracture toughness were estimated with a universal testing machine. Spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the color stability.

Statistical Analysis:
Results were compared with one-way analysis of variance, post
hoc Tukey honest significant difference test, and Student’s t-test.

Results:
The results of the study showed that chitosan-reinforced DBR displayed enhanced mechanical properties. The test group with 5% chitosan nanoparticles had optimum mechanical properties among different test groups for both the DBR. The values for flexural strength and fracture toughness decreased with an increase in the percentage of chitosan. The addition of chitosan to DPI and Trevalon DBRs showed visible color change.

Conclusion:
The study concluded the Trevalon DBR with 5% chitosan showed the highest flexural strength and fracture toughness values. The addition of chitosan nanoparticles had no significant negative effects on heat-cure acrylic resin’s color change property.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO INTERDISCIPLINARY DENTISTRY
Gives knowledge about the mechanical properties as well as the physical properties of denture base resin which is beneficial for the dentists.
Patient Satisfaction in Relation to Esthetic Outcome of Dental Treatment: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis
Authors: Agarwal Bhaskar , Srivastava Shitij , Shekhar Abhinav , Arora Kshitij 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Esthetics is often an essential yet ignored aspect of dental treatment. In the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate patient satisfaction in terms of esthetic outcome of dental treatment.

MaterialS and Methods:
For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out by searching, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus databases using the keywords “esthetics,” “orthodontic treatment need,” “dental treatment need,” “satisfaction,” and “determinants.” A total of 1075 studies were shortlisted, out of which a total of 927 were excluded in the preliminary assessment itself. A further 779 were excluded during the process of identification of themes and concepts and another 73 were out of sampling frame/inappropriate methodology. Of the remaining 75, a total of 44 studies were related with expectation and perceptions and thus only 31 (2.9%) studies were left that had evaluated esthetics as the treatment outcome. Among these, 9 studies each were related with orthodontic and prosthodontic/implantology treatment, respectively, while 6 studies were related with general dental treatment, and the remaining 7 were related with specialized/esthetic procedures.

Results:
The overall patient satisfaction rate was 67.3%. It was highest in the prosthodontics and dental implantology group (75.1%) and lowest in patients availing of generalized dental (32.4%).

Conclusion:
Patient satisfaction was affected by gender, pretreatment appearance, patient personality characteristics, type of disorder, patient education, previous bad experience, treatment time, cost of treatment, use of appliance/treatment modality/material, practice location and environment, dentist personality, quality of treatment, patient’s esthetic perception, negligence/regularity, smoking, and oral health factors.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO INTERDISCIPLINARY DENTISTRY
The article targets to describe the patient expectations with respect to esthetic dental treatment and how patient’s satisfaction is affected by different esthetic dental treatments availed by them for various purposes. The article also highlights the various dental treatment options availed by the patients and their esthetic outcome.
The Paraneural Sciatic Sheaths in Longitudinal Axis at the Level of Greater Trochanter: An Ultrasound Cadaveric and Clinical Correlation Study
Authors: Diwan Sandeep , Feigl Georg , Nair Abhijit , Sancheti Parag 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Paraneural sheath engulfing the sciatic nerve (SN) between the ischial tuberosity and the greater trochanter is well known.

Methods:
In order to explore the anatomical planes separating the paraneurium from the epineurium in SN, we conducted a cadaveric study (two patients and four specimens), followed by a clinical study in 10 patients.

Results:
We demonstrated an elevation of 5–7 layers of paraneural tissues after an in-plane injection in the longitudinal axis of the proximal SN, which was possibly the last of the paraneural sheath. In the clinical study, the block provided low pain scores with no rescue analgesia postoperatively and no neurological deficit at the time of discharge.

Conclusion:
This is probably the first series which has described the elevation of several layers of paraneural tissues after an in-plane injection in the longitudinal axis of the proximal SN.
Nora Lesion (Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation): An Ultrasound Diagnosis with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlation
Authors: Theodorou Daphne J. , Theodorou Stavroula J. , Kakitsubata Yousuke 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Advanced cross-sectional imaging techniques are firmly established as a means of evaluating musculoskeletal disease, and ultrasound (US) is increasingly being used for the assessment of a diversity of tendon, joint, and soft-tissue abnormalities. A benign condition – bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) – arises from the periosteum, typically in the small bones of the hands and feet, and grows as a surface bone lesion in the surrounding soft tissue. Proliferations can become symptomatic, exercising mass effect on adjacent structures that may require operative management. As a bone-forming process, BPOP may occasionally assume worrisome histologic features that mimic sarcoma, and a pronounced tendency to recur after primary excision. A solitary mass was growing in the middle finger of a young woman that curtailed proper hand function. With US, a partially ossified formation was revealed in the proximal phalanx situated on the outer surface of the bone. There was faint acoustic shadowing distal to the lesion, and a hypoechoic halo was seen covering part of the abnormal tissue growth. Importantly, the lesion caused significant limitation of motion of the finger, on the dynamic flexion US images with the displacement of the flexor tendon and compression of a digital nerve. To restore the range of motion in the finger, surgical excision of the juxtacortical mass was performed and histology yielded a diagnosis of BPOP. We describe the US features of digital BPOP, which were found to correspond closely to those of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.