bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A PILOT STUDY ON DIABETIC PATIENTS AT MALANG COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF THE T-PLATE MODEL CONCEPT
Authors: Dwipajati  
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a comorbidity that is often found in Covid-19 patients with a 3.9-fold risk of death. Data from the Malang City Health Office shows an increase in the number of diabetes patients by 1.2% each year. In Indonesia, 3J (right amount, type, and eating time) has become the principle of diabetes diet therapy, but in practice, it is still challenging to apply independently. Aims: Investigating the T-Plate Model as a simple eating guide for people with diabetes mellitus. Methods: This pilot study included 18 diabetic patients at some Primary Health Care who were 50–70 years old and had a BMI more than 23 kg/m2. The participant was split into two groups, with nine people in the (C) group eating according to the T-Plate Model, and others in the (T) group eating according to the T-Plate Model after eating fruit. After a 3-month treatment period, BMI, blood pressure, carbohydrate, and fiber consumption were assessed. Mean BMI and blood pressure were examined using paired sample t-tests (p 0.05). Results: Both groups' BMIs fell into the category of obesity level 1 before to treatment periods: C group (26.09+3.13 kg/m2) and T group (27.15+ 4.15). We discovered significant blood pressure and BMI variations in the T group at the end of intervention periods (p 0.05). Nevertheless, systolic blood pressure was different in the C group (p 0.05). Conclusions: It may be inferred that using the T-Plate Model with the addition of fruit initially can lower blood pressure and BMI.
RESEARCH OF THE SIDE VENTILATION SYSTEM IN THE POULTRY HOUSE USING CFD
Authors: Trokhaniak Viktor , Shelimanova Olena , Tarasenko Svitlana , Balitsky Artur 
Published: November 2023

Maintaining a standardized microclimate in the poultry house is one of the main factors. The quality of the output ultimately depends on the quality indicators of the air parameters. Keeping a bird requires great efforts and technological solutions. In connection with this study, there is an improvement of the microclimate system in the air environment of the poultry house due to the inclusion of exhaust fans on the rear end wall in an unconventional way. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using ANSYS Fluent is a powerful tool for predicting the microclimate system in the poultry house as an alternative to experimental studies. The CFD model was performed on the Navier-Stokes equations for convective flows. The calculations use the Discrete Ordinates radiation model and the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model.
The calculations were made with an air consumption of 21.5 kg/s. The temperature of the outside air is assumed equal to +3 ºС and the thermal radiation parameter is entered. For air removal, Munters EM50 1.5 HP exhaust fans are used in a total number of 4 pcs. Inflow valves Wlotpowietrza 3000-VFG with a total number of 80 pcs., which are placed at a height of 0.21 m from the ceiling (1-8 valves) and 0.81 m for 9-40 valves.
According to the results of CFD modeling of hydrodynamics and heat and mass exchange processes, it was concluded that changing the angle of the spoiler by 73o allows air to be supplied to the center of the poultry house. The upper air layers near the ceiling and near the side wall have a slightly higher temperature. This is accompanied by radiation from the sun and ranges from +21.5 to +24.5 ℃. Since the bird is a source of heat, and in combination with radiation, the air in the room is partially heated. In the center of the room along the entire height, the temperature reaches +15-16 ℃. At the same time, the pressure drop of the inlet valves is 70 Pa, which allows the exhaust fan to be fully supplied. The air velocity at the inlet of the inflow valves is 11.54 m/s. The average air speed at a height of 0.7 m from the floor level is 0.5 m/s, the temperature is 16.55 ℃.
Thus, the presented scientific research can be used in the future to develop new ventilation systems for poultry houses.
Transforming Student Learning into Sustainable Undergraduate Education: A Case Study of First-Year Writing Programs
Authors: Chang Angel , Emanuel Smith Amanda 
Published: November 2023

Undergraduate learning is a multifaceted concept that many researchers have investigated to promote student engagement, academic performance, etc. Exploring factors promoting learning among undergraduates in FYW programs, which are required for undergraduates might potentially contribute to sustainable, cross-disciplinary undergraduate education. This study used the 10-year longitudinal grade and survey data at San José State University (SJSU) and the data was collected from Academic Years (AYs) 2015 to 2020, and five student surveys constituted the sample size of 18,101 students. In 2016, SJSU changed the remedial writing course to college writing courses. Since then, students need to complete an online module course before placing themselves into a one-semester or two-semester writing course. The previous study showed that students with higher writing comfort and confidence tend to place themselves into a semester-long class. Regression analysis was applied to examine the relationships among factors promoting learning among those students. University admitted students from various diversity and backgrounds, the results of this study suggested that what students chose and persisted in were more important in advancing their academic success rather than prior learning experience or psychological factors before the class.
Autonomous Target Recognition for Low-Altitude UAVs Based On Slimmable Neural Networks
Authors: Yao Kaiqi , Wang Jiangyan , Shan Chengzheng , Liu Bin , Zhu Xianqiang 
Published: November 2023

Autonomous target recognition (ATR) plays a crucial role in maintaining situational awareness during environmental monitoring. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with autonomous target recognition technology can gather and analyze real-time information about targets, including their locations, sizes, and types. However, UAV-captured images in complex real-world environments often display significant variations in perspective and scale due to changes in UAV altitude and distance. Existing methods for autonomous target recognition on UAVs struggle to capture targets from large field-of-view and multi-scale images, resulting in low recognition accuracy and high false-positive rates.
This paper introduces two novel Slimmable neural network models, namely SE-YOLOv5s and ST-YOLOv5s, which are based on the YOLOv5s architecture. These models incorporate the Squeeze and Excitation and Swin-Transformer mechanisms to enhance the ability to extract features from large field-of-view and multi-scale images. To evaluate their performance, experiments were conducted on the Visdrone19 aerial dataset. Compared to the state-of-the-art YOLOv5s algorithm, the utilization of SE-YOLOv5s and ST-YOLOv5s for autonomous target recognition on low-altitude drones resulted in improvements in both accuracy and false-positive rates.
These proposed methods combine Slimmable neural network design with feature enhancement mechanisms, addressing the challenges posed by complex real-world environments in UAV missions. The advancements in autonomous target recognition on low-altitude drones will significantly contribute to enhancing situational awareness in future environmental monitoring.
Impact of Teriparatide on Complications and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Long Spinal Fusion According to Bone Density
Authors: Mohanty Sarthak , Sardar Zeeshan M. , Hassan Fthimnir M. , Lombardi Joseph M. , Lehman Ronald A. , Lenke Lawrence G. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD) poses substantial risks, including the development of symptomatic pseudarthrosis, which is twice as prevalent among patients with osteoporosis compared with those with normal bone mineral density (BMD). Limited data exist on the impact of teriparatide, an osteoanabolic compound, in limiting the rates of reoperation and pseudarthrosis after treatment of spinal deformity in patients with osteoporosis.

Methods:
Osteoporotic patients on teriparatide (OP-T group) were compared with patients with osteopenia (OPE group) and those with normal BMD. OP-T patients were matched with OPE patients and patients with normal BMD at a 1:2:2 ratio. All patients had a minimum 2-year follow-up and underwent posterior spinal fusion (PSF) involving >7 instrumented levels. The primary outcome was the 2-year reoperation rate. Secondary outcomes included pseudarthrosis with or without implant failure, proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK), and changes in patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Clinical outcomes were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Changes in PROs were analyzed using a mixed-effects model.

Results:
Five hundred and forty patients (52.6% normal BMD, 32.9% OPE, 14.4% OP-T) were included. In the unmatched cohort, 2-year reoperation rates (odds ratio [OR] = 0.45 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20 to 0.91]) and pseudarthrosis rates (OR = 0.25 [95% CI: 0.08 to 0.61]) were significantly lower in the OP-T group than the OPE group. Seventy-eight patients in the OP-T group were matched to 156 patients in the OPE group. Among these matched patients, at 2 years, 23.1% (36) in the OPE group versus 11.5% (9) in the OP-T group had a reoperation (OR = 0.45, p = 0.0188), 21.8% (34) versus 6.4% (5) had pseudarthrosis with or without implant failure (OR = 0.25, p = 0.0048), and 6.4% (10) versus 7.7% (6) had PJK (OR = 1.18, p = 0.7547), respectively. At 2 years postoperatively, PROs were better among OP-T patients than OPE patients. Subsequently, 78 patients in the OP-T group were matched to 156 patients in the normal BMD group. Among these matched patients, there was no significant difference in 2-year reoperation (OR = 0.85 [95% CI: 0.37 to 1.98]), pseudarthrosis (OR = 0.51 [95% CI: 0.181 to 1.44]), and PJK rates (OR = 0.77 [95% CI: 0.28 to 2.06).

Conclusions:
Osteoporotic patients on teriparatide demonstrated lower reoperation and symptomatic pseudarthrosis rates 2 years postoperatively compared with osteopenic patients. Moreover, patient-reported and clinical outcomes for osteoporotic patients on teriparatide were not different from those for patients with normal BMD.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Modified Fels and Abbreviated Modified Fels Knee Skeletal-Maturity Systems in the Prediction of Leg-Length Discrepancy
Authors: Kluck Dylan G. , Makarov Marina R. , Podeszwa David A. , Furdock Ryan J. , Liu Raymond W. , Jo Chan-Hee , Birch John G. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The Modified Fels (mFels) and Abbreviated Modified Fels (abFels) knee systems have been recently developed as options for grading skeletal maturity without the need for a separate hand radiograph. We sought to determine the interobserver reliability of these systems and to compare their prediction accuracy with that of the Greulich and Pyle (G-P) atlas in a cohort managed with epiphysiodesis for leg-length discrepancy (LLD).

Methods:
Three reviewers scored 20 knee radiographs using the mFels system, which includes 5 qualitative and 2 quantitative measures as well as a quantitative output. Short leg length (SL), long leg length (LL), and LLD prediction errors at maturity using the White-Menelaus (W-M) method and G-P, mFels, or abFels skeletal age were compared in a cohort of 60 patients managed with epiphysiodesis for LLD.

Results:
Intraclass correlation coefficients for the 2 quantitative variables and the quantitative output of the mFels system using 20 knee radiographs ranged from 0.55 to 0.98, and kappa coefficients for the 5 qualitative variables ranged from 0.56 to 1, indicating a reliability range from moderate to excellent. In the epiphysiodesis cohort, G-P skeletal age was on average 0.25 year older than mFels and abFels skeletal ages, most notably in females. The majority of average prediction errors between G-P, mFels, and abFels were <0.5 cm, with the greatest error being for the SL prediction in females, which approached 1 cm. Skeletal-age estimates with the mFels and abFels systems were statistically comparable.

Conclusions:
The mFels skeletal-age system is a reproducible method of determining skeletal age. Prediction errors in mFels and abFels skeletal ages were clinically comparable with those in G-P skeletal ages in this epiphysiodesis cohort. Further work is warranted to optimize and validate the accuracy of mFels and abFels skeletal ages to predict LLD and the impact of epiphysiodesis, particularly in females. Both the mFels and abFels systems are promising means of estimating skeletal age, avoiding additional radiation and health-care expenditure.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Single Case Study Comparing High Tibial Osteotomy With Matrix-Associated Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation With Medial Collateral Ligament Release Treating Bilateral Severe Medial Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Uchio Yuji , Iwasa Junji , Kuwata Suguru , Tadenuma Taku 
Published: November 2023

Case:
A 62-year-old woman with bilateral severe medial unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis underwent right high tibial osteotomy (HTO) at the age of 49 and left matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation covering with periosteum (pMACI) with medial collateral ligament (MCL) release at age 52 years. At the 13-year follow-up, she could walk and trek with good clinical scores, had high patient satisfaction, and had cartilaginous reparative tissue seen at second-look arthroscopy in her left knee.

Conclusion:
This case suggests that pMACI with MCL release might be a possible alternative to HTO in a varus knee undergoing cartilage replacement surgery when HTO is contraindicated.
Comparative Evaluation ofaFunctions and Volume-Translation Strategies to Predict Densities for Gas(es)-Heavy Oil/Bitumen Systems
Authors: Atonge Esther Anyi , Yang Daoyong 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIn this work, a unified, consistent, and efficient framework has been proposed to better predict the density of a gas(es)-heavy oil/bitumen system by using the Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) and Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) EOS together with α functions and volume-translation (VT) strategies, respectively. With a database comprising 218 experimentally measured densities for gas(es)-heavy oil/bitumen systems, five α functions defined at a reduced temperature (Tr) of 0.70 as well as three new α functions at Tr = 0.60 together with four VT strategies are selected and evaluated. For α Functions 1 to 4 defined at Tr = 0.70, VTs 1 to 4 lead to an overall absolute average relative deviation (AARD) of 7.21%, 9.74%, 7.02%, and 7.16%, respectively, for predicting the mixture densities. For α Function 5 defined at Tr = 0.70, these four VT strategies predict the mixture density with an AARD of 3.13%, 5.01%, 2.92%, and 2.56%, respectively. As for the two new α Functions 7 and 8 defined at Tr = 0.60, these four VT strategies predict the mixture density with an AARD of 1.38%, 2.57%, 1.34%, and 1.67%, respectively, among which VT 3 has a very close prediction compared to an AARD of 1.31% obtained from the ideal mixing rule with effective density (IM-E).
Early Stage Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease With Microsoft Azure Based Deep Learning
Authors: Mittal Krish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The early detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) represent a pivotal aspect of ensuring effective patient care and timely intervention. This research introduces an innovative approach that harnesses the capabilities of Microsoft Azure-based custom vision technology for AD classification. The study primarily centers around the analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans as the primary input data, categorizing these scans into two distinct categories: Cognitive Normal and Cognitive Impairment. To accomplish this, we employ transfer learning, leveraging a pre-trained Microsoft Azure Custom Vision model fine-tuned specifically for multi-class AD classification. The proposed work shows better results with the best validation average accuracy on the test data of AD. This test accuracy score is significantly higher in comparison with existing works. This proposed solution showcases the immense potential of convolutional neural networks and advanced deep learning techniques in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease, thereby paving the way for significantly improved patient care.
Does Manganese Influence Grass Litter Decomposition on a Hawaiian Rainfall Gradient?
Authors: Paulus Elizabeth L , Vitousek Peter M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Plant litter is a well-defined pool of organic matter in which the influence of Mn on decomposition (both decomposition rate, and the mix of compounds ultimately transferred to soil organic matter) has been clearly demonstrated in temperate forests. However, no similar study exists on grasslands, and the effect of foliar Mn versus soil-derived Mn on litter decomposition is poorly known. We used 5-month and 12-month field and 10-month laboratory experiments to evaluate organic-matter decomposition on the Kohala rainfall gradient in areas with different foliar and soil Mn abundances, and on which a single plant species dominates primary production and the litter pool. Chemical imaging analyses of decomposed litter revealed that Mn2+ oxidized to Mn3+ and Mn4+ on grass litter during decompositions—hallmarks of Mn-driven OM oxidation. However, these transformations and Mn abundance did not predict greater litter mass loss through decomposition. These observations demonstrate that the importance of Mn to an ecosystem’s C cycle does not rely solely on the metal’s abundance and availability.
Research on energy absorption characteristics of double arc snap fit spatial self locking thin-walled structure
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhao Yue chao , Yang Zhi hao , Wang Lin jun , Fu Jun jian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Transportation, intelligent equipment and other fields have increasingly high requirements for the performance of energy absorbing structures, especially in the field of emergency protection. It is of great significance to study the self-locking characteristics and energy absorbing effect of new structures. Based on the excellent arc principle of women wearing hair hoops and the self-locking characteristics of mortise and tenon structure, this paper proposes a double arc clip type space self-locking thin-walled structure, which has the advantages of editable, easy to install quickly, and space all-round self-locking. The results of quasi-static compression test on a single thin-walled pipe are compared with those of finite element simulation. The overall error is controlled within 10%, and the results of the experiment and simulation are relatively consistent, which proves the feasibility of the follow-up study of the overall structure. The spatial self-locking ability and energy absorption characteristics of the structure under uniform impact load are verified by finite element method. The effects of geometric parameters and different impact velocities on the energy absorption characteristics of the structure are studied. The results show that: the double arc clip type space self-locking thin-walled structure can withstand the uniform impact load in all directions of the space, and the self-locking characteristics and energy absorption effect are the best when the impact direction is α=0 ° and β=0 °; Without affecting the chord distance, the smaller the opening angle of the arc, the better the self-locking performance of the structure and the stronger the energy absorption effect.
Research on the Cutting Mechanism and Cutting Experiments of Ti6Al4V
Authors: Liu Qimeng , Cui Bo , Ming Zhe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Due to the high strength, lightweight, and corrosion resistance of Ti6Al4V. Therefore, it is widely used in fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, biomedicine, etc. This article conducts research on cutting mechanism and cutting experiments, focusing on the difficult machining characteristics of Ti6Al4V. Firstly, this article analyzes the material characteristics of Ti6Al4V material, and based on the principle of two-dimensional metal right angle cutting, the metal cutting theory of Ti6Al4V was analyzed. Secondly, the mechanism of chip formation and burr formation in Ti6Al4V was studied through orthogonal cutting experiments. Analyzed the effects of different tool radius, cutting depth, and cutting speed on the shear angle and chip morphology of Ti6Al4V. Finally, through single factor milling experiments, the influence of cutting parameters on the cutting force, surface residual stress, surface roughness, and surface morphology of Ti6Al4V was analyzed. This provides theoretical and experimental guidance for the processing of Ti6Al4V.
Modeling of ultrasonic grinding force considering empty cutting and material softening effect
Authors: Chen Haifeng , Li Jiabin , Liao Dongri , Deng Mingming , Zhou Changjiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Grinding force is a crucial parameter in the grinding process, as it is intricately linked to factors such as workpiece surface roughness, grinding temperature, grinding specific energy, and grinding wheel service life. The proposed grinding force model takes into account the material softening effect resulting from ultrasonic vibration and the void cutting effect due to trajectory overlap. Consequently, based on the grinding wheel model featuring a random distribution of abrasive grains, the non-productive grinding area arising from void cutting between abrasive grains is considered, leading to the establishment of an actual grinding area model.Utilizing the refined Johnson-Cook constitutive equation and accounting for the material softening effect induced by ultrasonic vibration, an ultrasonic grinding force prediction model is developed. In conclusion, a comparison is drawn between the experiment results of ultrasonic grinding and the model's simulation results. The average relative error for tangential grinding force stands at 19.78%, while the average relative error for normal grinding force is 17.72%.