bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Monophasic Yag Raw Material by Multi- Stage Process
Authors: Tinkova Vira , Kajan Juraj , Damazyan Grigori , Prnová Anna , Michálková Monika , Švančárek Peter , Gregor Tomáš , Hruška Branislav , Galusek Dušan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The paper deals with the study of the features of the process of YAG phase formation via the solid-state reaction (SSR) method according to the proposed multi-stage scheme, including three stages of various mechanical and thermal processing (pre-milling in a ball mill for 24, 48 and 72 h, as well as firing at 1150 °C, 1250 °C, and 1450 °C with intermediate grinding step). The commercial micrometer-sized Y2O3 and Al2O3 oxides were used as starting materials. The phase transformation was monitored by the X-ray diffraction in each synthesis stage. The microstructure and elemental distribution of samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry.
During this work, we found the dual effects of partially reacted mixture grinding, which can accelerate or slow down the synthesis rate depending on the YAG content in the preceding stage. We have proposed a simple model including the concept of "critical YAG concentration".
When the lower limit of this parameter (over 60 %) is reached, grinding has a negative effect on the further course of the SSR. Carrying out the synthesis according to a three-stage scheme makes it possible to obtain a product with a YAG content above 90 %, regardless of the pre-milling time, and the use of a two-stage synthesis scheme provides a monophasic raw material (99 % of YAG) suitable for further single crystals growth. The increased efficiency of the multi-stage YAG synthesis scheme was demonstrated in comparison with the conventional one-stage obtaining process, allowing obtaining only up to 60 % of the target phase in the temperature range up to 1500 °C.
Ancient DNA supports that the evolution of Skin Tone in East Asians intensified after their split with Native Americans
Authors: Ferrando-Bernal Manuel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Skin tone has been deeply studied in European populations both using modern and ancient DNA. However, other populations are underrepresented in such studies. One such population is East Asians, for which, interestingly, it has been claimed to evolve light skin tones in parallel to Europeans. Moreover, it is not clear whether this happened before or after their split from Native Americans. Over the last few years, several studies have sequenced hundreds of ancient genomes belonging to East Asians ancient populations. Additionally, some variants have been associated with light skin in East Asians. To shed some light, I applied a Polygenic Risk Score for some of the variants associated with light skin, in 237 modern Native Americans and East Asian individuals and in more than 700 East Asians ancient samples. The results suggest that this phenotype may have started to evolve in the ancestors of East Asians and Native Americans but intensified after their split.
Classified Vpn Network Traffic Flow Using Time Related to Artificial Neural Network
Authors: MOHAMED Saad Abdalla Agaili , KURNAZ Sefer 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In the rapidly evolving landscape of cybersecurity threats, Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) have become an essential tool for securing communication channels. However, the rising complexity and diversity of network attacks call for more sophisticated methods to identify and classify different types of VPN network traffic effectively. In this study, we propose a novel approach using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to classify VPN network traffic flows. The primary goal of this research is to develop a robust and efficient system capable of distinguishing between legitimate VPN traffic and potential malicious activities, such as intrusion attempts, data exfiltration, and denial-of-service attacks. We begin by collecting a diverse dataset of labeled VPN traffic flows encompassing various applications and usage patterns. Next, we design an ANN architecture tailored to handle the intricacies of encrypted traffic and effectively capture the subtle differences between benign and malicious activities. The neural network model incorporates several layers, including input, hidden, and output layers, to process and classify the encrypted packets accurately. To enhance the ANN's classification accuracy, we apply advanced feature extraction techniques, enabling the model to leverage both statistical and behavioral characteristics of the network traffic. Moreover, we implement state-of-the-art optimization algorithms to fine-tune the network parameters and improve its performance. We evaluate the proposed ANN-based classification system through extensive experimentation and performance analysis. The results demonstrate the model's effectiveness in accurately identifying and categorizing different VPN traffic types. Furthermore, we compare our ANN-based approach with existing methods, showcasing its superiority in terms of precision, recall, and F1-score with an accuracy of 98.79%. The contributions of this research are significant for enhancing the security of VPN networks and protecting against emerging cyber threats. By efficiently classifying VPN traffic flows, organizations can better safeguard their sensitive data, preserve network integrity, and respond promptly to potential security incidents. The findings of this study provide a valuable step forward in the realm of network security and lay the foundation for future advancements in ANN-based cybersecurity solutions.
Effects of soy lecithin on growth, stress resistance, digestive enzymes activity and antioxidant capacity in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) larvae
Authors: Morshedi Vahid , Mozanzadeh Mansour Torfi , Noori Farzaneh , Agh Naser , Jafari Fateme , Hamedi Shirin , Azodi Maryam , Moghadam Reza Afshar , Eryalcin Kamil Mert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Phospholipid (PL) is an essential nutrient that has vital effects on growth, stress resistance and early development in marine fish larvae. In this regard, a 30-day feeding experiment was conducted in order to examine the effects of live prey enrichment with graded levels of soy lecithin (SL) on some physiological responses of Acanthopagrus latus larvae. Four experimental emulsions levels of SL were used to enrich Rotifer and Artemia including very low (2%, N), low (4%, L), medium (8%, M) and high (12%, H). Newly hatched larvae were distributed into twelve 250-L cylindrical tanks with an initial density of 15000 larvae in each tank that was supplied with natural seawater (23 ± 1 ºC; 40.0 ± 1.0 g L-1). The green water method was used for larviculture and live prey was given to larvae two times daily. Larvae fed 4% SL containing live prey significantly had higher wet weight gain than other treatments. Air exposure and osmotic activity tests were also performed to detect larval resistance to stress. Larvae fed 8% and 12% SL containing live prey had higher survival compared to the other two groups. The accumulation of arachidonic ARA and docosahexaenoic acids was increased in the larval whole body fed high SL-supplemented live foods. Alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase N activities in the guts brush border membrane of larvae in M and H groups were higher than other treatments. The trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the N group were lower than in other treatments. The highest and lowest amylase activities were in the H and N groups, respectively. The activity of catalase and glutathione reductase in the whole body of the M group was higher than the N treatment and other groups had intermediate values. Total antioxidant capacity in the whole body of larvae in the N group was lower than in the other treatments. In summary, moderate levels of SL (4–8%) are suggested for the enrichment of live foods in A. latus.
Health-related Quality of Life of Children with X-linked Hypophosphatemia in Germany in the Burosumab Era
Authors: Klein Martin , Obermaier Michael , Mutze Helena , Wilden Sophia Maria , Rehberg Mirko , Schlingmann Karl Peter , Schmidt Dorothee , Metzing Oliver , Hübner Angela , Richter-Unruh Anette , Kemper Markus , Weitz Marcus , Wühl Elke , Jorch Norbert , Patzer Ludwig , Freiberg Clemens , Heger Sabine , Ziviknjak Miroslav , Schnabel Dirk , Haffner Dieter 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare inherited phosphate-wasting disorder associated with bone and dental complications. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is reduced in XLH patients on conventional treatment with phosphate supplements and active vitamin D, while information on patients treated with burosumab is rare.
Methods
HRQoL was assessed in 63 pediatric XLH patients participating in a prospective, observational study and patient registry in Germany using the KIDSCREEN-52 survey instrument and standardized qualitative interviews.
Results
The median age of the XLH patients was 13.2 years (interquartile range 10.6–14.6). At the time of the survey, 55 (87%) patients received burosumab and 8 (13%) conventional treatment. Forty-six patients (84%) currently being treated with burosumab previously received conventional treatment. Overall, HRQoL was average compared to German reference values (mean ± SD: self-report: 53.36 ± 6.47; caregivers' proxy: 51.33 ± 7.15) and even slightly above average in some dimensions, including physical, mental and social well-being. In general, XLH patients rated their own HRQoL higher than their caregivers. In qualitative interviews patients and caregivers reported that, compared with conventional therapy, treatment with burosumab reduced stress, bone pain, and fatigue, improved physical health and increased social acceptance by peers and the school environment.
Conclusions
In this real-world study in pediatric XLH patients, HRQoL was average or even slightly above that of the general population, likely due to the fact that the vast majority of patients had their treatment modality switched from conventional treatment to burosumab resulting in improved physical health and well-being.
Exosomal CircRNA-MANBA Mediates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Sorafenib Resistance via miR-1290/CD109/p-STAT3 Axis
Authors: Peng Dingzhong , Lu Jiong , Nie Guilin , Wang Yaoqun , Wen Ningyuan , Xiong Xianze , Li Bei , Cheng Nansheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Sorafenib remains the cornerstone chemotherapeutic treatment for patients with late-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, resistance to this drug in the context of the disease is frequent, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this regard, exosome-contained noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been proven to participate in various diseases. Here, we aimed to identify the exosomal circular RNA (circRNA)-mediated mechanism by which sorafenib resistance develops in HCC.
Methods
Differential expression of exosomal circRNAs from parental and sorafenib-resistant HCC cells were examined by microarray. Cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis, and TUNEL assays were performed to determine HCC drug resistance following siRNA treatment. Exosomes from sorafenib-resistant HCC cells were harvested and incubated with parental cells. Bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot, were performed determine the downstream targets of circRNA.
Results
CircRNA-MANBA was overexpressed in sorafenib-resistant cell lines, and present in high concentrations in exosomes secreted by resistant cells. Inhibition of circRNA-MANBA significantly increased the cell-killing effect of sorafenib. Analysis of tissue samples from sorafenib-treated HCC patients revealed an association between circRNA-MANBA and poor overall/disease-free survival. The sensitivity of parental HCC was substantially impaired after co-culture with exosomes from resistant cells, and transfection of siRNA targeting circRNA-MANBA could partially reverse the attenuation of sensitization to sorafenib. Mechanically, circRNA-MANBA acted as an “miRNA sponge” to absorb miR-1290, preventing it from interacting with CD109, and therefore upregulating STAT3 phosphorylation (S727). Targeting miR-1290 activation with an inhibitor or mimic could strengthen or reverse the effect of si-circRNA-MANBA on drug sensitivity, respectively.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate the unique role of exosomal circRNA-MANBA in the regulation and transfer of resistance to sorafenib and propose a potential strategy to overcome drug resistance in progressive HCC.
Reaction of Stylosanthes spp. 'Campo Grande' to Pratylenchus brachyurus and Meloidogyne javanica and analysis of the histopathology and histochemistry of their interactions
Authors: SILVA MONIQUE THIARA RODRIGUES E , Miamoto Angelica , Calandrelli Angelica , Rinaldi Luanna Karoline , Dias-Arieira Claudia Regina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In an integrated nematode management system, the best results are generally obtained by rotating crops with resistant plants, antagonists, or bad hosts of parasites. Some reports indicate that Stylosanthes spp. have the potential to control nematodes. Thus, this study aimed to assess the reaction of Stylosanthes spp. 'Campo Grande' to Pratylenchus brachyurus and Meloidogyne javanica penetration and reproduction at different inoculum levels and examine the histopathology and histochemistry of parasitized plants. Stylosanthes did not prevent P. brachyurus penetration in roots. However, the number of penetrated nematodes was lower than that in soybean from 17 days after inoculation onwards. The numbers of second-stage and third-/fourth-stage juveniles of M. javanica in Stylosanthes roots were close to zero, and no females were observed. Assays conducted using increasing levels of inoculum (P. brachyurus or M. javanica) showed that Stylosanthes was resistant to parasites, with a maximum reproduction factor of 0.59 for P. brachyurus and 0.07 for M. javanica. Histopathological analysis showed the presence of P. brachyurus in Stylosanthes, but without rupture of plant cells. M. javanica individuals were not observed. Histochemistry revealed the presence of phenolic compounds in the epidermis of Stylosanthes and proteins in plant cells. These results show that Stylosanthes spp. 'Campo Grande' can be used in crop rotation programs in fields with mixed infestation of P. brachyurus and M. javanica.
Evaluating the Effect of Action-Like Video Game Play and of Casual Video Game Play on Anxiety in Adolescents: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gradi Naïma , Bavelier Daphné , Shechner Tomer , Pichon Swann 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Adolescence is a critical period for the onset and maintenance of anxiety disorders, which raises the importance of intervening early; one possibility of doing so is via digital interventions. Within that research field, at least two important research paths have been explored in the past years. On the one hand, the anxiolytic effect of casual video games has been tested as such gaming activity may distract away from anxious thoughts through the induction of flow and redirection of attention toward the game and thus away of anxious thoughts. On the other hand, the bidirectional link between weak attentional control and higher anxiety has led to the design of interventions aiming at improving attentional control such as working memory training studies. Taking stock that another genre of gaming, action video games, improves attentional control, game-based interventions that combines cognitive training and action-like game features would seem relevant.
Objective
This three-arm randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the feasibility and the efficacy of two video game interventions to document how each may potentially alleviate adolescent anxiety-related symptoms when deployed fully on-line.
Methods
The study aims to recruit 150 individuals, 12 to 14 years of age, with high levels of anxiety as reported by the parents online form of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders questionnaire. This trial contrasts a child-friendly, “action-like” video game designed to improve attentional control abilities in a progressive and stepwise manner (Eco-Rescue), a casual puzzle video game selected to act as a positive distraction tool (Bejeweled) and finally a control group with no assigned training intervention to control for possible test-retest effects (No-training). Participants will be assigned randomly to one of the three study arms (i: Eco-Rescue attentional control training, ii: Bejeweled distraction training, iii: No-training). They will be assessed for main (anxiety) and secondary outcomes (attentional control, affective working memory) at three time points, before the training (T1), one week after completing the 6-week training (T2) and four months after completing the training (T3).
Discussion
The results of this RCT will provide evidence of the feasibility and the efficacy of two online video game interventions at improving mental health and emotional well-being of adolescents with high levels of anxiety. This project will contribute unique knowledge to the field, as there are few studies that have examined the effects of video game play in the context of digital mental health interventions for adolescents.
Trial Registration
The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05923944, June 20, 2023.
Knowledge and Perception of Stroke Management Practices Among Middle Aged Residents of Otolo Community in Nnewi North LGA, Nigeria
Authors: Okonkwo Uchenna Prosper , Fortunate Chidera Chibuikem , Obiekwe Sochima Johnmark , Chukwuemeka Uchechukwu Martha , Okafor Christiana Nkiru , Igwe Augustine Asiduba , Daniel Jovita Ada 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND:In Nigeria, stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability, due to a non-communicable disease. The mortality rate of stroke in Nigeria is also on the rise. This has given rise to the need to ascertain factors that can aid improve the health seeking behaviors of Nigerians.
AIM: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perception of middle-aged residents of Otolo community in Nnewi North LGA to stroke management practices; and to identify certain sociodemographic factors that may influence the knowledge and perception of this residents.
METHOD: A total of 191 middle-aged residents of Otolo community in Nnewi North LGA, participated in this cross-sectional study. A self-reported questionnaire was distributed to the participants, which were later collected. Analysis of the collected data was done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPPS) version 26.
RESULT: The findings of this study revealed that the research participants had a better knowledge of medical stroke management than traditional stroke care. Majority of the participants had a positive perception of medical stroke care. Age, educational status and occupational status were found to have statistically significant association with the participants’ knowledge, while the educational attainment and occupational status were the major demographic variables found to be associated with the respondents’ perception of stroke management practice.
CONCLUSION: The middle-aged residents of Otolo community had a fair knowledge of medical management of stroke and a poor knowledge of traditional stroke care. Majority of the research respondents had a more positive perception of medical management of stroke as compared to traditional management. Some of the sociodemographic factors found to impact knowledge and perception of this management practices includes age, educational attainment and occupation.
Comparative genomics and transcriptome analysis of two Colletotrichum scovillei strains revealed genes involved in fungal virulence on pepper (Capsicum annuum)
Authors: Wei Jiayu , Li Yue , Wang Jubin , Zhang Xi , Qiu Yuguang , Xu Zhencheng , He Xin , Li Feng , Deng Yingtian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Colletotrichum scovillei causes anthracnose in pepper (Capsicum annuum) and other crops worldwide, however little is known about its pathogenic molecular mechanism. In this study, the C. scovillei C1 and CD strains were found and shown different virulence against pepper, with C1 displaying a marked virulence defect compared to CD. To decipher the genetic variation between these two strains, and identify genes associated with C. scovillei virulence, comparative genomic and transcriptome analyses were conducted. The results showed that C1 has a large number of gene insertions and deletions compared with CD at the genome level. Meanwhile, analysis of DEGs (differentially expressed genes) between C. scovillei C1 and CD at the transcriptome level revealed 106 DEGs, including 3 potential upregulated effectors in CD, which may be the reasons for the high virulence of CD. In summary, our study revealed the genomic and transcriptomic background involved in Colletotrichum scovillei virulence in pepper, which contributes to the understanding of pepper anthracnose pathogenicity.
Effect of Counseling Model on Diabetic Women Regarding Sexual Dysfunction: A quasi-experimental research design (pre-test and post-test one group)
Authors: Awad Nermen , Ramadan Soad , Ibrahim Seham Shehata , Elhoda Nour 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Complications of diabetes in women has adverse effects on their self-image, quality of life, health and other social relationships, thereby leading to sexual dysfunction. The maternity nurse care can play a critical role to assess the knowledge about needs for sexual health.
Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of counseling model on female patients with diabetes regarding sexual dysfunction.
Method: A quasi-experimental research design was used to conduct the study at the diabetic and obstetric outpatient clinic in 2 hospitals (Al salam Port said general hospital, Elzohor general hospital), and in five centers in Port Said city (El-kwait center, Othman Ibnafan center, El-arab 1 center, El-manakh center and El-arab2 center). A purposive sample of 178 female diabetic patient was included in the study. Two tools were used for collecting data consisted of; (1) A structure interview questionnaire sheet include personal characteristics, medical history and present sexual problem of the studied female patients, (2) female sexual function index (FSFI).
Results: the current study revealed that there was high statistically difference between female sexual function in post with mean ±SD (23.3±4.1) compares to pre-educational intervention with mean±SD (19.5±3.7), while there was high statistically significant difference among pre & post program application regarding female sexual function index (p>0.001).
Conclusion: the counseling model had a positive effect in improving the sexual function among female patients with diabetes.
Trial Registration Number (TRN)
The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University (code number: NUR 12/9/2021) (6).