bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in trauma: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Ahlqvist Mathias , Forsman Pär , Morberg Pål , Larsson Magnus , Broman Lars Mikael , Akram Shahzad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Globally, trauma is a leading cause of death in young adults. The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the trauma population remains controversial due to the limited published research. This study aimed to analyze 30-day survival of all the trauma ECMO patients at our center, with respect to injury severity score (ISS) and new injury severity score (NISS).

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of all trauma patients receiving ECMO support at a Level 1 trauma center in Sweden between 1997 and 2019.

Results
A total of 53 trauma patients received ECMO support. 85% were male; the median age was 24, with interquartile range (IQR) 17–44 years. More than 70% were multi-trauma patients. The mean NISS and ISS were 50 (IQR:34–57) and 42 (IQR:33–57), respectively. 62% were supported on veno-arterial ECMO with a survival benefit for veno-venous ECMO (75% vs. 36%, respectively (p = 0.01)). There was no association between severity in terms of trauma-score and survival. Sixteen patients (30%) were cannulated at referring hospitals and transported to our unit on ECMO with a survival of 69%, similar to those cannulated in-house. 60% of patients survived ECMO, and 51% survived to hospital discharge.

Conclusions
This study indicates that trauma patients may benefit from ECMO, independent of severity. Furthermore, our results support ECMO transport as feasible in trauma patients. We recommend larger multi-center studies to determine which trauma patients would have the greatest benefit of ECMO.
Axiomatizing modal inclusion logic and its variants
Authors: Anttila Aleksi , Häggblom Matilda , Yang Fan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We provide a complete axiomatization of modal inclusion logic—team-based modal logic extended with inclusion atoms. We review and refine an expressive completeness and normal form theorem for the logic, define a natural deduction proof system, and use the normal form to prove completeness of the axiomatization. Complete axiomatizations are also provided for two other extensions of modal logic with the same expressive power as modal inclusion logic: one augmented with a might operator and the other with a single-world variant of the might operator.
Ameliorative impact of sacubitril/valsartan on paraquat-induced acute lung injury: role of Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Elemam Nourhane M. , Nader Manar A. , Abdelmageed Marwa E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Herbicides such as paraquat (PQ) are frequently utilized particularly in developing nations. The present research concentrated on the pulmonary lesions triggered by PQ and the beneficial effect of the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), sacubitril/valsartan, against such pulmonary damage. Five groups of rats were established: control, ARNI, PQ (10 mg/kg), ARNI 68 + PQ, and ARNI 34 + PQ. Following euthanasia, lungs were isolated and subjected to a histopathological test, and the ELISA technique was used to evaluate oxidative stress biomarkers, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT), and inflammatory markers: nuclear factor kappa B p65 subunit (NF-κB p65), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin 1beta (IL-1β). In conjunction with abnormally high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), the PQ group also displayed low levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Additionally, TLR4, PI3K, and p-AKT were significantly elevated together with unusually low level of Nrf2. Moreover, inflammatory biomarkers, NF-κB p65, TNFα, and IL-1β, were abnormally elevated. Meanwhile, ARNI-treated groups reversed all alterations precipitated by PQ in a dose-dependent manner. ARNI could mitigate pulmonary damage triggered by PQ via potential antioxidant anti-inflammatory qualities.

Graphical Abstract
Forest Soil pH and Dissolved Organic Matter Aromaticity Are Distinct Drivers for Soil Microbial Community and Carbon Metabolism Potential
Authors: Zhang Zongxiao , Zhang Qiang , Guo Xue , Zeng Zhenzhong , Wang Yinghui , Zhang Peng , Gao Dengzhou , Deng Guisen , Sun Guodong , Yang Yuanxi , Wang Junjian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The ecological niche separation of microbial interactions in forest ecosystems is critical to maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity and has yet to be comprehensively explored in microbial ecology. This study investigated the impacts of soil properties on microbial interactions and carbon metabolism potential in forest soils across 67 sites in China. Using redundancy analysis and random forest models, we identified soil pH and dissolved organic matter (DOM) aromaticity as the primary drivers of microbial interactions, representing abiotic conditions and resource niches, respectively. Our network comparison results highlighted significant differences in microbial interactions between acidic and non-acidic soils, suggesting the critical influences of abiotic conditions on microbial interactions. Conversely, abiotic resource niches played a more pivotal role in shaping the carbon metabolism of soil microbes, supporting the concept that resource niche-based processes drive microbial carbon cycling. Additionally, we demonstrated that microbial interactions contributed significantly to ecosystem function stability and served as potential ecological indicators of microbial functional resilience under environmental stress. These insights emphasize the critical need to preserve microbial interactions for effective forest ecosystem management and projection of ecological outcomes in response to future environmental changes.
Ventral versus dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty for non-traumatic proximal bulbar urethral strictures in sexually active men: erectile and urinary functions
Authors: Mousa Ayman , Eissa Ahmed , Raheem Ali Abdel , Zoeir Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To compare the erectile and urinary functions of ventral and dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty in the management of proximal bulbar urethral strictures (PBUS) in sexually active men.

Patients and methods
We retrospectively included patients with primary non-traumatic PBUS who were treated with (BMG) urethroplasty at our department between March 2019 and March 2023 either ventral or dorsal approaches. Patients were assessed at 3- and 12-months postoperatively for urinary and erectile functions.

Results
133 patients were identified and underwent either ventral repair (n = 60, group I) or dorsal repair (n = 73, group II). There was no significant difference in baseline urinary and sexual function between both groups (p > 0.05). Overall, the success rate was 91.7% in Group I and 90.4% in Group II (p = 0.801). Transient ED (at 3 months) was detected in 5% and 25% (p = 0.002), while permeant ED (at 12 months) was 1.7% and 13.7% (p = 0.012) in group I and group II, respectively. Group I had significantly higher mean IIEF scores; 28.2 and 28.4 at 3 months (p < 0.001) and 12 months (p < 0.001); compared to Group II; 22.1 and 24.4, respectively.

Conclusion
The ventral approach had better erectile functional outcomes compared to the dorsal approach in the management of non-traumatic PBUS in sexually active men. This might be related to less urethral mobilization and no dissection of the intercrural space during ventral onlay graft urethroplasty.
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency as an unusual extrarenal manifestation of proximal renal tubular acidosis associated with a novel SLC4A4 mutation
Authors: Hasturk Berfin , Agbas Ayse , Akgun-Dogan Ozlem , Yilmaz Esra Karabag , Saygili Seha , Beşer Ömer Faruk , Canpolat Nur 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Autosomal recessive proximal renal tubular acidosis (AR-pRTA) with ocular abnormalities is a rare syndrome caused by variants in the SLC4A4 gene, which encodes Na/HCO3 cotransporter (NBCe1). The syndrome primarily affects the kidneys, but also causes extra-renal manifestations. Pancreatic type NBCe1 is located at the basolateral membrane of the pancreatic ductal cells and together with CFTR chloride channel, it is involved in bicarbonate secretion. In vitro models have demonstrated that mutations in the pancreatic type NBCe1 lead to a reduction in pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. Although elevated amylase levels have been observed in some cases, there is no evidence of symptomatic pancreas involvement in children with AR-pRTA. This report presents the case of a seven-year-old girl with AR-pRTA and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. This novel presentation with a novel mutation in SLC4A4 expands the extra-renal involvement in this rare disease. We recommend that these children be screened for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
Anfallssuppressive medikamentöse Langzeittherapie: Problemerkennung und Problembeseitigung
Authors: Pataraia Ekaterina , Aull-Watschinger Susanne 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die Behandlung von Menschen mit Epilepsie mittels anfallssuppressiver Medikamente (ASM) ist oft lebenslang notwendig. Die Langzeitauswirkungen von ASM können vielfältig sein und hängen sehr stark von der Art des Medikaments, der Dosierung und der Dauer der Anwendung ab. Zu den Langzeiteffekten zählen kognitive und psychiatrische Auswirkungen, wie z. B. Depression und Angststörungen, ein erhöhtes kardiovaskuläres Risiko, die Entwicklung einer Osteoporose mit erhöhtem Frakturrisiko, hormonelle Veränderungen, Hepatotoxizität, Elektrolytstörungen, Nephrolithiasis, Gewichtsveränderungen, Blutbildveränderungen sowie dermatologische Effekte. Eine ausführliche Besprechung über mögliche Langzeitauswirkungen der ASM sollte bei jeder Vorstellung bei behandelnden Neurolog:innen erfolgen, um unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen frühzeitig zu erkennen und gegenzusteuern. Diese narrative Übersichtsarbeit stellt die wichtigsten bekannten Langzeitauswirkungen von ASM auf Nervensystem, kardiovaskuläres System, Knochen, Leber, Nieren, Elektrolythaushalt, Haut und Blutbild vor und bietet Strategien zur Überwachung und Vermeidung unnötiger Langzeitfolgen durch ASM.
High Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Found in Well-Treated People with HIV after the Introduction of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
Authors: Moody Kevin , Smit Colette , Nieuwkerk Pythia T. , Bedert Maarten , Nelis Elise , Nellen Jeannine , Sigaloff Kim , Weijsenfeld Annouschka , Laan Laura , Bruins Claire , Geerlings Suzanne E. , van der Valk Marc 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) are at greater risk of experiencing mental health problems, such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD in PWH. PWH in care Amsterdam University Medical center (Amsterdam UMC) with access to the electronic patient portal were offered patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between May 2022 and May 2023, including the PC-PTSD-5 screen for PTSD as part of routine clinical care. Risk factors for a clinically relevant PC-PTSD-5 score were determined using univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. Of 2476 PWH included, 1384 (55.9%) had access to the electronic patient portal of whom 474 (34.2%) completed the PC-PTSD-5. PWH without access to the patient portal were more often female, born in low- and middle-income countries, acquired HIV more often via heterosexual contact, and had worse HIV-related outcomes compared to those with access. Of 474 PWH who completed the PC-PTSD-5 screening question, 62 (13.1%) reached the threshold for clinically relevant PTSD. Age less than 50 years (OR 2.29, 95% CI: 1.21–4.35), and having originated from low- or middle-income countries (OR 2.02, 95% CI: 1.09–3.76) were associated with PTSD. Our findings show that 13% of PWH with a well-controlled HIV infection with access to the electronic patient portal at Amsterdam UMC experienced clinically relevant PTSD complaints.
Integrating drone technology in STEM education: Curriculum, pedagogy and learning outcomes
Authors: Yeung Richard Chung Yiu , Sun Daner , Yeung Chi Ho 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study explores the integration of drone technology into STEM education through the development and evaluation of the Drone Technology Enabled STEM Curriculum (DTESC). Grounded in “dronagogy”, a pedagogical framework that utilizes drones to enhance learning, DTESC effectively incorporates drone technology within science, mathematics, technology, and the humanities. The curriculum is structured to progress from multidisciplinary exploration to interdisciplinary integration, ultimately culminating in transdisciplinary applications. Sixteen Grade 9–10 students from a secondary school in Hong Kong participated in the study, engaging in activities such as designing drone-assisted water sampling systems and formulating entrepreneurial proposals for future applications. Employing mixed research methods, the study assessed the curriculum’s impact across cognitive, psychomotor, and affective learning domains. Results indicated high levels of student engagement and satisfaction, alongside significant improvements in psychomotor and affective skills. However, enhancements in cognitive learning outcomes, particularly in mathematics and programming, are necessary. This research offers valuable insights into the implementation of dronagogy to foster cross-disciplinary STEM education.
Integrating CALL and AIALL for an interactive pedagogical model of language learning
Authors: Bahari Akbar , Han Feifei , Strzelecki Artur 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Given the great potential of integrating Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) and Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Language Learning (AIALL) to enhance language learning outcomes, there is a growing interest in exploring their combined effects. In this vein, the present study aimed to develop and test an interactive pedagogical model of language learning (IPMLL) by integrating CALL and AIALL elements in a combined module. To further investigate the effects of this model, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted, considering various aspects such as learner motivation, personalized learning experiences, and feedback effectiveness. The results indicate that (1) the integration of CALL and AIALL in the IPMLL positively influenced learner motivation, leading to greater involvement and active participation in language learning activities; (2) the personal learning interactions facilitated by the IPMLL, including adaptive instruction and intelligent feedback, contributed to improved language proficiency and learner satisfaction. Theoretically, this integration aligns with established pedagogical theories and frameworks, such as cognitive theories of multimedia learning, emphasizing the significance of interactive and technology-enhanced learning environments. Pedagogically, the IPMLL offers practical implications for teachers, highlighting the benefits of incorporating CALL and AIALL elements in language teaching methodologies. This study contributes to the growing body of research on technology-enhanced language learning and provides insights for future developments in this field.
In Praise of Computation
Authors: Sunstein Cass R. , Reisch Lucia A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A great deal of work in behavioral science emphasizes that statistical predictions often outperform clinical predictions. Formulas tend to do better than people do, and algorithms tend to outperform human beings, including experts. One reason is that algorithms do not show inconsistency or “noise”; another reason is that they are often free from cognitive biases. These points have broad implications for risk assessment in domains that include health, safety, and the environment. Still, there is evidence that many people distrust algorithms and would prefer a human decisionmaker. We offer a set of preliminary findings about how a tested population chooses between a human being and an algorithm. In a simple choice between the two across diverse settings, people are about equally divided in their preference. We also find that that a significant number of people are willing to shift in favor of algorithms when they learn something about them, but also that a significant number of people are unmoved by the relevant information. These findings have implications for current findings about “algorithm aversion” and “algorithm appreciation.”
Fuzzy logic modelling of the pollution pattern of potentially toxic elements and naturally occurring radionuclide materials in quarry sites in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Jegede David O. , Afolabi T. Adeniyi , Agunbiade Foluso O. , Oladeji Olatunde S. , Gbadamosi Muideen R. , Sojinu Samuel O. , Ojekunle Oluseyi Z. , Varanusupakul Pakorn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The accumulation pattern of some inorganic pollutants in quarry sites around Ogun State was modeled using a Fuzzy comprehensive assessment (FCA). Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and naturally occurring radionuclides materials (NORMs) were assessed from soil samples collected from ten quarry sites in three districts (Odeda, Ajebo, and Ijebu Ode) in Ogun State. Three (3) NORMs (40 K, 238U, and 232Th) were assessed using gamma spectrometer with a NaI detector while ten (10) PTEs (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were determined by digestion method using Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer. The FCA was used to evaluate soil contamination, and SPSS version 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. Concentration range of PTEs(mg/kg) and NORMs(Bq/kg) in all the site are: As (5.62 ± 0.85 – 15.93 ± 2.40), Cd (BDL—1.26 ± 0.60), Co (5.56 ± 1.34 – 27.25 ± 1.14), Cr (18.68 ± 1.54 -61.43 ± 6.33), Cu (12.40 ± 1.31—82.43 ± 7.94), Fe (15,035.00 ± 81.12 – 36,520.00 ± 292.20), Mn (168.97 ± 5.93 – 353.30 ± 20.84), Ni (5.63 ± 1.99- 25.54 ± 2.50),),Pb (4.44 ± 0.8 – 17.87 ± 2.80) and Zn (42.97 ± 413 – 147.00 ± 7.50); 40 K (76.78 ± 44.76—2647.88 ± 179.44), 238U (3.24 ± 1.82—55.42 ± 24.88),and 232Th (5.24 ± 3.90—244.36 ± 89.84). The results were modeled into a membership function matrix of three pollution classes. The FCA of NORMs revealed that 30, 10, and 60% of the sites were pristine, moderately polluted, and heavily polluted.
In comparison, the FCA of PTEs confirmed 100% of the sites to be heavily polluted due to the accumulative effect of the PTEs. A high percentage of membership in the extremely impacted class is linked to a high concentration of Fe in all the sites due to the soil's geological structure and natural activities. At the same time, 40 K and 238U have high-impact membership in all the quarry sites. Based on the findings, there is a need for stringent pollution control measures, targeted monitoring of PTEs and NORMs and the development of region-specific environmental regulations to protect both public health and ecosystems.
The Adoption of Farmer-managed Natural Regeneration in Dogonkiria, Niger
Authors: Suuk Simon Subinimah , Laube Wolfram , Seyni Abdoul Aziz , Cantrell Randall Alan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We examined the diffusion of agricultural innovations that improve smallholder well-being in sub-Saharan Africa. Innovations are slowly being accepted in the region, but villagers of Dogonkiria in Niger are an exception in adopting a technology known as farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR). We employed an exploratory qualitative methodology based on Everette Rogers’ diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory to investigate the microlevel dynamics behind the success of FMNR. Our findings demonstrate that the top-down technology transfer model required robust local-level participation, with local knowledge being a substantial element in the diffusion process. In effect, the area is experiencing improved crop yield and availability of wood for construction and energy. The results enhance understanding the relationship between external agents (state and non-state actors) and local beneficiaries in the context of new technology dissemination.
Integrating control-theoretic predictive deep learning for resource-efficient computing systems
Authors: Machidon Alina L. , Pejović Veljko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Deep learning (DL) powers numerous applications on ubiquitous edge devices, but its high resource demands pose a challenge. Approximate computing is often proposed to alleviate this, yet such calculation usually suffers from a fixed level of accuracy loss. We propose a novel control-theoretic approach for predictive DL inference on resource constrained devices. Our system dynamically adjusts approximation levels based on a trade-off between resource utilisation and accuracy, considering future demands. Extensive experiments across diverse domains - human activity recognition, acoustic scene profiling, and computer vision - with various neural network architectures and approximation techniques, demonstrate that our approach achieves up to 50% energy savings while maintaining the desired inference accuracy and incurring minimal runtime overhead. Furthermore, we showcase our method in a real-world deployment on low-power edge devices and confirm its superiority over current state-of-the-art solutions.
Entomopathogenic Nematode Species Vary in Their Behavior and Virulence in Response to Cardiac Glycosides Within and Around Insect Hosts
Authors: Achi Perla , Christensen Preston , Iglesias Victoria , McCarthy Cullen , Pena Robert , Bavier Lanie , Goldy Connor , Agrawal Anurag A. , Groen Simon C. , Dillman Adler R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Plants produce defensive toxins to deter herbivores. In response, some specialized herbivores evolved resistance and even the capacity to sequester toxins, affecting interactions at higher trophic levels. Here, we test the hypothesis that potential natural enemies of specialized herbivores are differentially affected by plant toxins depending on their level of adaptation to the plant-herbivore system. We focus on toxic cardiac glycosides (CGs) from milkweeds (Asclepias spp.), which inhibit animal Na+/K+-ATPases, and two CG-resistant insects, the large milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus and a CRISPR-edited Drosophila melanogaster. Both have CG-resistant Na+/K+-ATPases through a set of key amino acid substitutions, which facilitate CG sequestration. We conducted infection experiments with entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae, and S. hermaphroditum) as natural enemies on host insects containing mixtures of milkweed-derived CGs or purified CGs (ouabain, digoxin, and digitoxin) that vary in toxicity. The nematode S. carpocapsae is known to occur in soil near milkweed plants and naturally has several of the same Na+/K+-ATPase substitutions as the milkweed bug O. fasciatus and our Drosophila mutant. This nematode not only exhibited higher fecundity in hosts that carried CGs relative to the other nematode species (which have sensitive Na+/K+-ATPases), but also showed attraction to mixtures of CGs in milkweed root extracts and to purified ouabain when tested on agar plates. A coiling phenotype, which is a symptom of neurotoxicity, was observed more frequently in S. feltiae and S. hermaphroditum upon exposure to milkweed root extracts than in S. carpocapsae. Nematode behavior was further tested in sand, and while attraction to CGs was found for S. carpocapsae, nematodes of the other species tended to migrate away from milkweed root chemicals. Thus, S. carpocapsae can tolerate CGs and may use these as chemical cues to locate insect hosts that live on or around milkweed plants.