bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissecting the genetic architecture of root-related traits in a grafted wild Vitis berlandieri population for grapevine rootstock breeding
Authors: Blois Louis , de Miguel Marina , Bert Pierre-François , Ollat Nathalie , Rubio Bernadette , Voss-Fels Kai P. , Schmid Joachim , Marguerit Elisa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn woody perennial plants, quantitative genetics and association studies remain scarce for root-related traits, due to the time required to obtain mature plants and the complexity of phenotyping. In grapevine, a grafted cultivated plant, most of the rootstocks used are hybrids between American Vitis species (V. rupestris, V. riparia, and V. berlandieri). In this study, we used a wild population of an American Vitis species (V. berlandieri) to analyze the genetic architecture of the root-related traits of rootstocks in a grafted context. We studied a population consisting of 211 genotypes, with one to five replicates each (n = 846 individuals), plus four commercial rootstocks as control genotypes (110R, 5BB, Börner, and SO4). After two independent years of experimentation, the best linear unbiased estimates method revealed root-related traits with a moderate-to-high heritability (0.36–0.82) and coefficient of genetic variation (0.15–0.45). A genome-wide association study was performed with the BLINK model, leading to the detection of 11 QTL associated with four root-related traits (one QTL was associated with the total number of roots, four were associated with the number of small roots (< 1 mm in diameter), two were associated with the number of medium-sized roots (1 mm < diameter < 2 mm), and four were associated with mean diameter) accounting for up to 25.1% of the variance. Three genotypes were found to have better root-related trait performances than the commercial rootstocks and therefore constitute possible new candidates for use in grapevine rootstock breeding programs.
Differential elongation of the gastrocnemius after Achilles tendon rupture: a novel technique of selective shortening to treat push‐off weakness with case series and literature review
Authors: Hong Choon Chiet , Schaarup Susanne Olesen , Calder James 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeDifferential elongation of the gastrocnemius after Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) may compromise the ability of athletes to return to competition. Recognition of this differential elongation of the gastrocnemius relative to the soleus is vital to treat patients with weakness in push‐off. This paper describes a novel technique performed for selective shortening of the gastrocnemius to treat push‐off weakness.MethodsThree patients with differential proximal retraction of the gastrocnemius greater than 20 mm after treatment for ATR with inability to run and jump underwent surgical correction with this novel technique and were followed‐up for 2 years. A novel selective shortening of the gastrocnemius with autologous hamstring graft was performed in these patients. The Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score were recorded preoperatively and at the final follow‐up.ResultsAll three patients were able to return to running and jumping at final follow‐up. The ATRS improved significantly in the strength, fatigue, running and jumping domains but there appeared to be a less notable improvement in activities of daily living domain. The AOFAS score showed improvement with the greatest margin in the domain of activity limitation.ConclusionThis procedure is the first described selective shortening method of the gastrocnemius tendons after differential elongation following ATR. It is a safe and reliable technique providing improved ATRS and AOFAS scores in three patients who were all able to return to running and jumping sports at 2‐year follow‐up.Level of evidenceIV.
Defining Feasibility as a Criterion for Essential Surgery: A Qualitative Study with Global Children's Surgery Experts
Authors: Abbas Alizeh , Rice Henry E. , Poenaru Dan , Samad Lubna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Disease Control Priorities (DCP‐3) group defines surgery as essential if it addresses a significant burden, is cost‐effective, and is feasible—yet the feasibility component remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to develop a precise definition of feasibility for essential surgical procedures for children.MethodsFour online focus group discussions (FGDs) were organized among 19 global children's surgery providers with experience of working in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries (LMICs), representing 10 countries. FGDs were transcribed verbatim, and qualitative data analysis was performed. Codes, categories, themes, and subthemes were identified.ResultsSix determinants of feasibility were identified, including: adequate human resources; adequate material resources; procedure and disease complexity; team commitment and understanding of their setting; timely access to care; and the ability to monitor and achieve good outcomes. Factors unique to feasibility of children's surgery included children's right to health and their reliance on adults for accessing safe and timely care; the need for specialist workforce; and children's unique perioperative care needs. FGD participants reported a greater need for task‐sharing and shifting, creativity, and adaptability in resource‐limited settings. Resource availability was seen to have a direct impact on decision‐making and prioritization, e.g., saving a life versus achieving the best outcome.ConclusionsThe identification of a precise definition of feasibility serves as a pivotal step in identifying a list of essential surgical procedures for children, which would serve as indicators of institutional surgical capacity for this age group.
A Comparative Analysis of Safety and Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery During the COVID‐19 Pandemic and Pre‐Pandemic Period: Insights from the Tehran Obesity Treatment Study
Authors: Ebadinejad Amir , Ghazy Faranak , Hosseinpanah Farhad , Fardoost Shakiba , Rajabian Tabesh Mastaneh , Khalaj Alireza , Mahdavi Maryam , Ebadi Seyed Alireza , Valizadeh Majid , Barzin Maryam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has raised global health concerns and posed challenges for postoperative follow‐up care for patients undergoing bariatric surgery due to social distancing rules.MethodsThis was a cohort study on patients with morbid obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and had been enrolled in Tehran Obesity Treatment Study. Patients who had surgery between March 2020 and March 2021 were classified as those undergoing the procedure amid the COVID‐19 pandemic, while those who had surgery between March 2017 and March 2018 were categorized as the pre‐pandemic group.ResultsThe study included 982 patients in the pre‐COVID‐19 pandemic group and 602 patients in the COVID‐19 pandemic group, with mean ages of 39.61 and 39.51 years, respectively. After adjusting for preoperative body mass index (BMI) and surgery type, the patients who underwent surgery during the COVID‐19 pandemic demonstrated comparable results to the pre‐COVID‐19 group in terms of total weight loss %, excess weight loss %, BMI reduction, and fat mass reduction during the 12‐month postoperative period. Additionally, the rate of complications with a grade≥III based on the Clavien–Dindo classification was significantly lower in patients who underwent surgery during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Notably, there were no deaths reported in either group.ConclusionDespite social isolation and unfavorable lifestyle modifications, bariatric surgery‐induced weight loss after one year was the same in patients undergoing the procedure either before or after the implementation of social distancing measures. More research is needed to analyze the influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the long‐term outcomes of bariatric surgery.
Morphometrics of the coronoid process and the radial notch of the ulna: implications for fracture assessment
Authors: Sircar Krishnan , Kernich Nikolaus , Scaal Martin , Eysel Peer , Müller Lars-Peter , Leschinger Tim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
A comprehensive analysis of the morphology of fractures of the coronoid process (CP) can aid diagnosis and guide treatment. The involvement of the radial notch of the ulna (RN)—e.g., in anterolateral facet fractures and transverse fractures of the CP—may influence the biomechanical conditions of the proximal radioulnar joint. However, the morphometric relation between the CP and the RN and the extent to what the proximal radioulnar joint can be affected in these types of fractures is unknown.

Methods
A total of 113 embalmed, cadaveric ulnae were dissected. All soft tissue was removed. Strictly lateral, high-resolution photographs were taken and digitally analyzed. The height of the CP and its relation to the RN was measured. Sex differences and correlations between measured parameters were calculated.

Results
Mean height of the CP was 16 mm (range: 12–23 mm; SD: 2). Mean height of the RN was 16 mm (11–25 mm; 2.2). The 50% mark of the CP corresponded to 18% (0–56%; 11.2) of the height of the RN. No significant differences were found between male and female specimens.

Conclusion
The RN of the ulna extends only to a small part to the CP. Transverse or anterolateral fractures of less than 50% of the coronoid process may involve only a small portion of the proximal radioulnar joint.
CT of appendicoliths in adult appendicitis: clinical significance and characteristics of overlooked cases
Authors: Kaewlai Rathachai , Wongveerasin Pootipong , Lekanamongkol Warunyou , Wongsaengchan Dhanawin , Teerasamit Wanwarang , Tongsai Sasima , Khamman Pramuk , Chatkaewpaisal Anchisa , Noppakunsomboon Napakadol , Apisarnthanarak Piyaporn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Accurate computed tomography (CT) identification of appendicoliths in adults with acute appendicitis is crucial as it may preclude nonoperative management due to high risk of failure and complications. This investigation aimed to identify the significance of appendicoliths in acute appendicitis and to evaluate the performance of portovenous-phase (PVP) CT and the consequences of overlooked appendicoliths.

Methods
CT examinations of 324 consecutive patients (mean age 51.9 years, 112 men) with pathologically confirmed acute appendicitis were retrospectively included. Two radiologists independently reviewed the images, and disagreement was resolved by a consensus.

Results
Appendicoliths were identified in 134/324 patients, of which 75 had complicated appendicitis. Among 190 patients without appendicoliths, 52 had complicated appendicitis. An appendicolith was independently associated with complicated appendicitis (adjusted odds ratio 2.289; 95% CI: 1.343–3.902; p = 0.002). The larger minimum diameter was significantly associated with complication. The 4.5-/6.0-mm cutoffs for minimum and maximum diameters of appendicoliths demonstrated 82.7%/85.3% sensitivity and 35.6%/33.9% specificity in predicting complications. The PVP alone had 82.1–88.1% sensitivity, respectively per patient and per appendicolith, and a 100% specificity in the detection of appendicoliths, as compared with combined noncontrast and PVP. PVP overlooked 28/237 appendicoliths (11.8%) corresponding to 24/134 patients (17.9%). Of the 24 patients with overlooked appendicoliths, 16 had complicated appendicitis but 14 were correctly categorized by findings other than appendicoliths. In total, 2/127 patients (1.6%) with complicated appendicitis were misdiagnosed as having uncomplicated appendicitis.

Conclusions
Appendicoliths in acute appendicitis were strongly associated with complications. While PVP overlooked some appendicoliths, only 1.6% of complicated appendicitis were misclassified when considering other CT findings.

Clinical relevance statement
This study found a strong association between appendicoliths and complications. Its presence may preclude conservative management. Although portovenous-phase CT overlooked some appendicoliths, the combination with other CT findings allowed correct classification in a vast majority of cases.

Key Points
• Accurate identification of appendicoliths is crucial for nonoperative management decisions in adult acute appendicitis.
• Appendicoliths are strongly associated with complications in adult acute appendicitis.
• Portovenous-phase CT overlooked some appendicoliths, but only a small percentage of patients with complicated appendicitis were misclassified when considering other CT findings.
Comparison of trace image colors for kids-book with two active distractions in reducing pain and fear of children during the venipuncture procedure
Authors: Suleman Sherzad Khudeida , Yahya Nizer Bakir , Nilsson Stefan , Enskär Karin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the effectiveness of trace image and coloring for kids-book (TICK-B), cough trick, and balloon inflation techniques in reducing pain and fear in children during venipuncture. The current study is a prospective, controlled, and randomized trial (RCT). School-aged children who required venipuncture were involved in the study. Pediatric patients were randomly assigned to four groups: the TICK-B group, the cough trick group, the inflation of balloons, and the control groups. Before and after the procedure, the children and their parents were interviewed. Wong-Baker (FACES) Pain Rating Scale was applied to measure the severity of pain. Children’s Fear Scale was applied to measure children’s fear. This study involved the 160 children (mean age, 8.39–2.18 years). The severity of pain and fear levels among the children during and after the procedure were significantly different (p = 0.001). Pain and fear were significantly decreased in children in the intervention groups compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). In the TICK-B group, participants reported significantly less pain and fear during the venipuncture procedure than in the cough trick, balloon inflation, and control groups (P = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.001) and after the procedure (p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.002). There was a similar significance found in the level of fear during the procedure (p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.006), and after the procedure (p = 0.001, p = 0.008, p = 0.015). Conclusion: TICK-B was the most effective method for decreasing the pain and fear of children associated with venipuncture procedures. Furthermore, the distraction technique of coughing and inflating balloons also proved efficacious in decreasing the pain and fear of children during venipuncture. Trial registration: The study has been registered with ClinicalTrials.org under the number NCT04983303. It was retrospectively registered on July 26, 2021.

What is Known:• Venipuncture, one of the most painful and uncomfortable procedures for children, caused great fear and discomfort during the procedure.

What is New:• The TICK-B technique, music listening, and cartoon watching techniques are effective, simple, and safe ways to reduce children’s fear and pain. These interventions provide a good way for children and their parents to collaborate during painful medical procedures.• No studies have compared the impact of TICK-B during venipuncture.
Tropical Compactification via Ganter’s Algorithm
Authors: Kastner Lars , Shaw Kris , Winz Anna-Lena 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe describe a canonical compactification of a polyhedral complex in Euclidean space. When the recession cones of the polyhedral complex form a fan, the compactified polyhedral complex is a subspace of a tropical toric variety. In this case, the procedure is analogous to the tropical compactifications of subvarieties of tori. We give an analysis of the combinatorial structure of the compactification and show that its Hasse diagram can be computed via Ganter’s algorithm. Our algorithm is implemented in and shipped with .
Active learning for extracting surgomic features in robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy: a prospective annotation study
Authors: Brandenburg Johanna M. , Jenke Alexander C. , Stern Antonia , Daum Marie T. J. , Schulze André , Younis Rayan , Petrynowski Philipp , Davitashvili Tornike , Vanat Vincent , Bhasker Nithya , Schneider Sophia , Mündermann Lars , Reinke Annika , Kolbinger Fiona R. , Jörns Vanessa , Fritz-Kebede Fleur , Dugas Martin , Maier-Hein Lena , Klotz Rosa , Distler Marius , Weitz Jürgen , Müller-Stich Beat P. , Speidel Stefanie , Bodenstedt Sebastian , Wagner Martin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
With Surgomics, we aim for personalized prediction of the patient's surgical outcome using machine-learning (ML) on multimodal intraoperative data to extract surgomic features as surgical process characteristics. As high-quality annotations by medical experts are crucial, but still a bottleneck, we prospectively investigate active learning (AL) to reduce annotation effort and present automatic recognition of surgomic features.

Methods
To establish a process for development of surgomic features, ten video-based features related to bleeding, as highly relevant intraoperative complication, were chosen. They comprise the amount of blood and smoke in the surgical field, six instruments, and two anatomic structures. Annotation of selected frames from robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomies was performed by at least three independent medical experts. To test whether AL reduces annotation effort, we performed a prospective annotation study comparing AL with equidistant sampling (EQS) for frame selection. Multiple Bayesian ResNet18 architectures were trained on a multicentric dataset, consisting of 22 videos from two centers.

Results
In total, 14,004 frames were tag annotated. A mean F1-score of 0.75 ± 0.16 was achieved for all features. The highest F1-score was achieved for the instruments (mean 0.80 ± 0.17). This result is also reflected in the inter-rater-agreement (1-rater-kappa > 0.82). Compared to EQS, AL showed better recognition results for the instruments with a significant difference in the McNemar test comparing correctness of predictions. Moreover, in contrast to EQS, AL selected more frames of the four less common instruments (1512 vs. 607 frames) and achieved higher F1-scores for common instruments while requiring less training frames.

Conclusion
We presented ten surgomic features relevant for bleeding events in esophageal surgery automatically extracted from surgical video using ML. AL showed the potential to reduce annotation effort while keeping ML performance high for selected features. The source code and the trained models are published open source.

Graphical abstract
Impact of surgical treatment on lipid metabolism in patients with lumbar spinal disorders: Prospective observational study
Authors: Nakajima Yukio , Hachiya Kurenai , Michikawa Takehiro , Nagai Sota , Takeda Hiroki , Kawabata Soya , Yoshioka Atsushi , Kimata Hirona , Ikeda Daiki , Kaneko Shinjiro , Ohno Yoshiharu , Hachiya Yudo , Fujita Nobuyuki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
It is still unclear how lumbar spinal surgery affects the lipid metabolism of patients with lumbar spinal disorders (LSDs) such as lumbar spinal canal stenosis and lumbar disk herniation. The present study aimed to assess the impact of lumbar spinal surgery on lipid metabolism in patients with LSDs and clarify the factors associated with changes in visceral fat (VF) accumulation before and after lumbar spinal surgery.

Methods
Consecutive patients with lumbar spinal surgery for LSDs were prospectively included. Abdominal computed tomography images and blood examination of the participants were evaluated before surgery and at 6 months and 1 year after surgery. The cross-sectional VF area (VFA) was measured at the level of the navel using computed tomography images. Blood examination items included triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

Results
The study enrolled a total of 138 patients. Female patients with LSDs had significantly increased VFA and serum triglyceride levels after lumbar spinal surgery. On multivariable analysis, the group with > 100 cm2 of preoperative VFA and a postoperative decrease in VFA had a significantly worse preoperative walking ability based on the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (relative risk 2.1; 95% confidence intervals 1.1–4.1).

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated that patients with LSDs did not necessarily improve their lipid metabolism after lumbar spinal surgery. Instead, female patients with LSDs had significantly deteriorated lipid metabolism after lumbar spinal surgery. Finally, a worse preoperative walking ability was associated with the improvement in excess VF accumulation after lumbar spinal surgery.
A Highly Ordered Nitroxide Side Chain for Distance Mapping and Monitoring Slow Structural Fluctuations in Proteins
Authors: Chen Mengzhen , Kálai Tamás , Cascio Duilio , Bridges Michael D. , Whitelegge Julian P. , Elgeti Matthias , Hubbell Wayne L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSite-directed spin labeling electron paramagnetic resonance (SDSL-EPR) is an established tool for exploring protein structure and dynamics. Although nitroxide side chains attached to a single cysteine via a disulfide linkage are commonly employed in SDSL-EPR, their internal flexibility complicates applications to monitor slow internal motions in proteins and to structure determination by distance mapping. Moreover, the labile disulfide linkage prohibits the use of reducing agents often needed for protein stability. To enable the application of SDSL-EPR to the measurement of slow internal dynamics, new spin labels with hindered internal motion are desired. Here, we introduce a highly ordered nitroxide side chain, designated R9, attached at a single cysteine residue via a non-reducible thioether linkage. The reaction to introduce R9 is highly selective for solvent-exposed cysteine residues. Structures of R9 at two helical sites in T4 Lysozyme were determined by X-ray crystallography and the mobility in helical sequences was characterized by EPR spectral lineshape analysis, Saturation Transfer EPR, and Saturation Recovery EPR. In addition, interspin distance measurements between pairs of R9 residues are reported. Collectively, all data indicate that R9 will be useful for monitoring slow internal structural fluctuations, and applications to distance mapping via dipolar spectroscopy and relaxation enhancement methods are anticipated.