bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lowering Onset Temperature and Improving Oxidation of Aluminum Alloys Containing Gallium and Indium
Authors: Harper Caleb N. , Pech Nicholas , Bradley Catherine , Grimsich Tyler , Collard Diane , Ӧrnek Metin , Wu Chi‐Chin , Son Steven F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe formation of an inhibiting oxide layer on the surface of aluminum not only offers significant thermal stability at ambient temperatures but also presents a significant barrier toward intentional ignition in energetic formulations. Therefore, we demonstrate that the oxide‐disrupting properties of gallium and indium in aluminum–gallium/indium alloys significantly reduce the onset temperature for oxidation and enhance the overall reactivity of the aluminum while maintaining reasonable thermal stability. This increased oxidation is likely due to weakened oxide layer adherence through significantly reduced surface energies. Neat, spherical micron‐aluminum powders oxidize between 7 and 14 wt.% of their total mass by 1200°C in a thermogravimetric analyzer operated in 20% oxygen‐containing argon. In contrast, similarly sized aluminum–gallium/indium alloy powders fabricated using mechanical processing (containing 3–16 wt.% Ga–In) oxidize 49%–86% of their total mass under the same conditions. While the increased reactivity of the mechanically processed aluminum–gallium/indium alloys can be partially explained by an increase in surface area due to mechanical processing, neat aluminum particles with similar surface areas are not as reactive, oxidizing only 22.4 wt.% of the active aluminum by 1200°C.
Robust Semi‐Global Output Regulation of Uncertain Two‐Time‐Scale Systems With Input Saturation
Authors: Lei Yan , Wang Yan‐Wu , Morărescu Irinel‐Constantin , Astolfi Daniele 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the robust semi‐global output regulation of uncertain linear systems with input saturation. In this setup, one cannot apply off‐the‐shelf techniques to reject structural uncertainties due to numerical issues caused by the two time scales but also due to technical issues generated by the input saturation. To solve this problem, we combine internal model principle with low gain technique and singular perturbation theory. Explicitly, the regulator design is based on the computation of the solutions of a Sylvester equation, which can be ill‐conditioned in the two‐time scales setting. To overcome this, we propose an easily solvable equation, and the existence and uniqueness of its solution are guaranteed under some standard assumptions. Accordingly, an internal model‐based controller is designed such that the semi‐global robust output regulation problem can be solved. In order to cope with the input saturation, we impose that the ultimate upper bound of the infinity norm of the exosystem state is limited and satisfies certain constraints. Finally, three examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the results.
Lower Limb Exoskeletons, Application‐Centric Classifications: A Review
Authors: Karthik Venkatakrishnan , Das Subhashree , Nayak Smaranika , Pandey Anish 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTExoskeletons are a relatively new field of technology used as assistive devices. Since the first development of the exoskeleton in the late 19th century, this field has seen significant advancements, as it has potential in numerous applications. Although this field is rapidly growing, it remains unable to be fully implemented in various applications. It is due to the limitations in the existing technology used to develop the exoskeleton, the lack of standardization, and the rapid growth in the exoskeleton field. To address the existing challenge, this review paper attempts to develop a classification model of lower limb exoskeletons (LLEs), which researchers and engineers can use to understand the relation between various application scenarios and different design aspects while developing an LLE. The classification model has been divided into two levels: application and design aspects of an exoskeleton. In this paper, 53 LLEs have been analyzed and classified into a flexible model, allowing future exoskeletons also to be added. It has also been discussed why each exoskeleton is classified into various categories.
Biomimetic Hydrogels – Tools for Regenerative Medicine, Oncology, and Understanding Medical Gas Plasma Therapy
Authors: Martinet Alice , Miebach Lea , Weltmann Klaus‐Dieter , Emmert Steffen , Bekeschus Sander 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBiomimetic hydrogels enable biochemical, cell biology, and tissue‐like studies in the third dimension. Smart hydrogels are also frequently used in tissue engineering and as drug carriers for intra‐ or extracutaneous regenerative medicine. They have also been studied in bio‐sensor development, 3D cell culture, and organoid growth optimization. Yet, many hydrogel types, adjuvant components, and cross‐linking methods have emerged over decades, diversifying and complexifying such studies. Here, an evaluative overview is provided, mapping potential applications to the corresponding hydrogel tuning. Strikingly, hydrogels are ideal for studying locoregional therapy modalities, such as cold medical gas plasma technology. These partially ionized gases produce various reactive oxygen species (ROS) types along with other physico‐chemical components such as ions and electric fields, and the spatio‐temporal effects of these components delivered to diseased tissues remain largely elusive to date. Hence, this work outlines the promising applications of hydrogels in biomedical research in general and cold plasma science in particular and underlines the great potential of these smart scaffolds for current and future research and therapy.
Substrate‐Tight Graphene Transmembrane‐nanofluidic Devices
Authors: Kang Xiaofang , Chen Buhang , van Geest Erik P. , Fu Wangyang , Gao Jianwei , Sun Luzhao , Liu Zhongfan , Schneider Grégory F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNanopores in 2D membranes like graphene have great potential for applications such as single‐molecule sensing, ion sieving, and harvesting osmotic power. A critical challenge, however, has been to ensure the stability of these nanofluidic transmembrane devices, as the ultrathin graphene membranes tend to delaminate and peel away from their substrates when exposed to aqueous solutions. In this study, it is shown that using a pyrene‐based coating prevents delamination and allows graphene to remain freestanding over a SiN aperture for several days in an electrolyte. The pyrene molecules interact strongly with the graphene through π–π bonding, adhering the graphene to the substrate. Additionally, the pyrene‐based adhesion layer remarkably increases the success rates of the graphene transmembrane devices from 4% to 76.2%. The results underscore the importance of using adhesion layers to enhance the stability of graphene in nanofluidic devices and prolong their operational lifespan. It enables the development of more robust graphene‐based nanofluidic devices for a wide range of applications necessitating free‐standing graphene.
Bioinspired Intelligent Electronic Skin for Medicine and Healthcare
Authors: Liu Zhirong , Hu Junhao , Shen Guozhen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntelligent electronic skin aims to mimic, enhance, and even surpass the functions of biological skin, enabling artificial systems to sense environmental stimuli and interact more naturally with humans. In healthcare, intelligent electronic skin is revolutionizing diagnostics and personalized medicine by detecting early signs of diseases and programming exogenous stimuli for timely intervention and on‐demand treatment. This review discusses latest progress in bioinspired intelligent electronic skin and its application in medicine and healthcare. First, strategies for the development of intelligent electronic skin to simulate or even surpass human skin are discussed, focusing on its basic characteristics, as well as sensing and regulating functions. Then, the applications of electronic skin in health monitoring and wearable therapies are discussed, illustrating its potential to provide early warning and on‐demand treatment. Finally, the significance of electronic skin in bridging the gap between electronic and biological systems is emphasized and the challenges and future perspectives of intelligent electronic skin are summarized.
Changes in central bank leadership and inflation dynamics
Authors: Higgins C. Richard , Qureshi Irfan A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe macroeconomic impact of changing central bank leadership is examined. We empirically show that frequent changes in central bank leadership are associated with more volatile inflation rates. To provide a structural explanation, we develop a new technique for estimating a nonlinear New Keynesian model where the central bank varies its response to inflation. For a mix of developed and developing countries, we find that the stance of monetary policy often changes across governor tenures; these changes explain between 10% and 23% of the variation in inflation.
Counterfactual analysis of Storm Ciarán from an insurance viewpoint
Authors: Dixon Mark , Dixon Richard , Smart David 
Published: February 2025

AbstractStorm Ciarán (2023) led to large industry‐wide insurance losses, concentrated in northern France, with a smaller contribution from southern UK. In a simplified application of the full version of CoreLogic’s Eurowind™ model, we show the impact of latitudinal displacements and amplification of maximum gust windspeeds on insured losses. Northward perturbations shift high gusts from over the English Channel to the UK mainland and areas of high insured exposure, increasing insured losses in the UK and decreasing those in France. Southward perturbations have the opposite effects in both countries.
Evidence‐Based Medicine Within Surgical Practice and Training: A Scoping Review
Authors: Tokidis E. , Perin G. , Vivekananda‐Schmidt P. , Balasubramanian S. P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundEvidence‐based medicine (EBM) is a fundamental element of modern surgical practice. However, its integration into surgical training remains challenging. Through a scoping review, this study mapped existing evidence on the practice of EBM in surgery, focusing on knowledge, attitudes, barriers, and curricula.MethodsThe literature was systematically searched through 3 databases and 2 registers. Fifty articles published over a 22‐year period (2001–2023) were identified based on predefined eligibility criteria. These were reviewed using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. The review was checked against the PRISMA 2018 checklist for scoping reviews.ResultsThere is evidence of awareness and appreciation of EBM principles among surgeons and surgical trainees. However, the understanding of EBM terminology is varied. Attitudes toward EBM were predominantly positive yet reliance on clinical experience over evidence‐based guidelines was noted. Key barriers to EBM practice included time constraints, lack of structured training, and methodological challenges in surgical research. The review highlighted the lack of validated competency assessment tools and the need for structured EBM curricula. Various educational strategies, such as journal clubs and courses, were found to improve EBM knowledge, albeit with limited evidence on long‐term practice change.ConclusionThis scoping review underscores the need for a more detailed understanding of stakeholder views of EBM in surgical practice, the development, implementation, and assessment of educational interventions in this field, and tailored strategies to assess EBM competency in surgery.
On Development, and Nature, Nurture, and Culture Relations
Authors: Lenz Taguchi Hillevi , Bodén Linnea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The main focus of this chapter is to introduce different ways of understanding development and why the concept has been matter of dispute. We discuss the concepts of nature, nurture, and culture while providing an introduction to some recent debates within what today is called the developmental sciences. Some developmental sciences are in part ontologically overlapping theories underpinning posthumanism and new materialism. The developmental sciences are nevertheless critically understood by childhood and early childhood education scholars in terms of normalizing developmentalism. As a counter to developmentalism, postdevelopmentalism has emerged, both in this field that concerns itself with children and within critical economics. The chapter ends by pointing out some of the ontological overlaps between the developmental sciences and postdevelopmentalism.
Those Whom the Research Concerns: Conducting Intervention Research as Inter- and Transdisciplinary Inquiry
Authors: Lenz Taguchi Hillevi , Bodén Linnea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to describe the protagonist of this book, the intervention project called the Enhancing Children’s Attention project and some of the context around it. It sheds light on why we decided to conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate a widespread group-learning pedagogical approach using extensive testing, including brainwave recordings, in Swedish preschools, that is, to carry out evidence-based research in an academic and preschool context that is probably more test-averse than most others. The chapter further provides basic information about the project, which is central to understanding the discussions in other chapters, for example, information about how the randomized controlled trial was planned and conducted, how the interventions and testing for the project were carried out, and how ethical requirements were met.
Standardized Tests: Children in the Middle of a “Dangerous” Research Practice
Authors: Lenz Taguchi Hillevi , Bodén Linnea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter focuses on children’s experiences taking part in the standardized testing that was designed to measure the effects of the interventions enacted by teachers and educators with the children in the Enhancing Children’s Attention (ECA) project. Critics of standardized testing usually describe it as an objectifying practice, where the children have little or no chances of affecting the practices. This critique is often presented in sweeping terms, as something problematic in general, thereby leaving the locality and the specificity of particular test situations out of the story. By analyzing video recordings of children and adults during the pre- and posttesting situations in the ECA project, this chapter investigates the concrete, local, material, relational, and other specific circumstances of what it might mean, as a young child, to take part in standardized testing.
Gendered-Trouble in the Interdisciplinary Bakery
Authors: Lenz Taguchi Hillevi , Bodén Linnea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to take the position of the researchers in an interdisciplinary research team conducting multiple forms of methodologies within the framework of a randomized control trial (RCT). We discuss the difficulties and possibilities for the research team of doing interdisciplinary research in the Swedish early childhood context where there is a strong test averse attitude among educational researchers and where RCT studies are extremly rare. Inspired by Felicity Callard and Des Fitzgerald, we theorize on the figuration of the baking of interdisciplinary layer cakes and an interdisciplinary bakery as a space of conflict and possibilities while baking different forms of layer cakes. We show how the Enhancing Children’s Attention project meant baking at least three versions of multi-pan layer cakes. As we achieved more of a reciprocal respectful exchange and learning, it was possible to construct a shared relational research ethics for the project. A one-pan layer cake, where disciplinary knowledge was shared reciprocally, could then be baked. We also discuss the gendered disciplinary character of interdisciplinary collaborations of various forms of knowing at different scales.
Design for Service with Robots in Elderly Care Facilities in Japan Focusing on Human-to-Human Interaction
Authors: Tokuhisa Satoru , Morimoto Tetsuro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In 2010, seven per cent of the population in Asia was elderly, and this proportion is expected to reach 14 per cent by 2035. Japan was one of the first countries in the world to experience a declining birth rate and ageing population; with its extensive experience in this field, Japan needs to strengthen its cooperation with other countries in the region to deal with the problems of an ageing society and social security systems. In particular, the demand for medical care, elder care and health-related industries is expected to be high in Asian countries with ageing societies. This chapter focuses on elder care services in Japan and discusses service design and business transformation. The use of service robots to address the shortage of workers to assist the increasing number of elderly people is attracting attention. However, there is resistance to technology and robots among the elderly. Through fieldwork at an elder care facility and the implementation of prototypes for service with robots focusing on human-to-human interaction (HHI), we discuss what needs to be considered when designing service robots in the context of elderly care in Japan and and what’s the role of service design for that.
Designing a Graduation Ceremony of Life: A Reflection Journey Towards a Good Life in Old Age
Authors: Yang Chen-Fu , Halskov Lisa Lin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Most humans experience fear of death. When people realize their last moment is approaching, they might start to review their life. If their life review is full of passiveness and regrets, death becomes unbearable and unacceptable, especially there is no time to change anything about it. On the other hand, if the life review and related conversation are carried out when people are still healthy and able to take actions, death and anxiety can be driving forces in life. However, death is not a very easy topic to talk or think about in many countries or culture, and we do not want to talk about death until the last minute. Consequently, it might need an effective and comfortable way to facilitate the conversation and actions. Today, service design that emphasizes holistic, multi-disciplinary, and integrative characteristics has become a useful methodology for interactional and experience journey creation. In addition, LEGO® Serious Play® is a tool which does not only support the hand-mind connection, but enable the users to define, express, and visualize the tacit ideas and perspectives as well. Through participatory action research with design workshops, this study first explored four main fears of death. Secondly, we made three crucial reflections as design insights. Finally, this study provides a conceptual service design model for the practical application of old life review and planning, which could enhance the imagination and conversation for death.
Adoption of Service Design in the Banking Industry: A Focus on the Practice of Silent Designers
Authors: Chia Alvin Jia Hao , Lee Jung-Joo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The banking industry is facing unprecedented changes. Banks need to out-innovate their disruptors to remain relevant from the assault launched by various Financial Technology (FinTech) companies coupled with shifting customer needs and expectations. Numerous banks in Singapore (e.g. OCBC, DBS Bank) started to adopt service design as an innovation approach and trained non-designers in the service design methods. While this created a tribe of “silent designers” in organisations with the potential to innovate, their practice and contributions have been sporadic, ephemeral and limited, rather than systematic and sustainable. This chapter presents a literature review of silent design, innovation capability frameworks, and two case studies of Z Bank to illustrate how service design was adopted in Singapore’s banking industry. The case studies showcased the evolvement of Z Bank’s innovation capability across the dimensions of strategy, resource, process and mindset. Based on the findings, this chapter discusses future implications to enable better adoption of service design in the banking industry with a focus on the practice of silent designers.
Optimal Rigidity and Maximum of the Characteristic Polynomial of Wigner Matrices
Authors: Bourgade Paul , Lopatto Patrick , Zeitouni Ofer 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We determine to leading order the maximum of the characteristic polynomial for Wigner matrices and β-ensembles. In the special case of Gaussian-divisible Wigner matrices, our method provides universality of the maximum up to tightness. These are the first universal results on the Fyodorov–Hiary–Keating conjectures for these models, and in particular answer the question of optimal rigidity for the spectrum of Wigner matrices.
Our proofs combine dynamical techniques for universality of eigenvalue statistics with ideas surrounding the maxima of log-correlated fields and Gaussian multiplicative chaos.
Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antiurease activities of green-synthesized Zn, Se, and ZnSe nanoparticles against Streptococcus salivarius and Proteus mirabilis
Authors: Gurkok Sumeyra , Ozdal Murat , Cakici Tuba , Kurbanoglu Esabi Basaran 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study assesses the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antiurease properties of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanoparticles (NPs) against clinically pathogenic strains of Streptococcus salivarius and Proteus mirabilis. The Se, Zn, and ZnSe NPs, synthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa OG1, were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealing average sizes of approximately 30 ± 10 nm, 30 ± 15 nm, and 40 ± 10 nm, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to examine the morphological and topological characteristics of the NPs. The structural and crystal characteristics were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Among the evaluated NPs, Zn NPs at a concentration of 200 mg/mL exhibited the most substantial growth inhibition zone against S. salivarius. Conversely, the highest antibiofilm activity was observed against P. mirabilis, notably with 200 µg/mL Zn NPs. In the context of antiurease activity, both 100 μg Zn and ZnSe NPs caused complete urease inhibition (100%) in P. mirabilis within the initial 5 h, with notable inhibition rates of 94% and 80%, respectively, observed against S. salivarius. Significantly, in the current landscape of NP research primarily focused on antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties, our study stands out due to its pioneering exploration of antiurease activities with these NPs. This distinctive emphasis on antiurease effects contributes original and unique value to our study, offering novel insights into the broader spectrum of NP applications, and paving the way for potential therapeutic advancements.