bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PCAT‐1′ s role in wound healing impairment: Mitochondrial dysfunction and bone marrow stem cell differentiation inhibition via PKM2/β‐catenin pathway and its impact on implant osseo‐integration
Authors: Deng Tianzheng , Liu Qian , Li Ying , Zhu Xiaoru , Long Yunjing , Liu Bing , Pang Jianliang , Zhao Lingzhou 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study focused on unravelling the role of PCAT‐1 in wound‐healing process, particularly its impact on regenerative and osteogenic abilities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We delved into how PCAT‐1 regulates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and interacts with pivotal molecular pathways, especially β‐catenin and PKM2, using human bone marrow‐derived MSCs. MSCs were cultured under specific conditions and PCAT‐1 expression was modified through transfection. We thoroughly assessed several critical parameters: MSC proliferation, mitochondrial functionality, ATP production and expression of wound healing and osteogenic differentiation markers. Further, we evaluated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineral deposition, essential for bone healing. Our findings revealed that overexpressing PCAT‐1 significantly reduced MSC proliferation, hampered mitochondrial performance and lowered ATP levels, suggesting the clear inhibitory effect of PCAT‐1 on these vital wound‐healing processes. Additionally, PCAT‐1 overexpression notably decreased ALP activity and calcium accumulation in MSCs, crucial for effective bone regeneration. This overexpression also led to the reduction in osteogenic marker expression, indicating suppression of osteogenic differentiation, essential in wound‐healing scenarios. Moreover, our study uncovered a direct interaction between PCAT‐1 and the PKM2/β‐catenin pathway, where PCAT‐1 overexpression intensified PKM2 activity while inhibiting β‐catenin, thereby adversely affecting osteogenesis. This research thus highlights PCAT‐1's significant role in impairing wound healing, offering insights into the molecular mechanisms that may guide future therapeutic strategies for enhancing wound repair and bone regeneration.
Deciphering the synergistic action of multiple factors inducing high piezoresponse in CaBi4Ti4O15‐based piezoelectric ceramics
Authors: Chen Hao , Xi Jingwen , Xing Jie , Li Hongjiang , Tang Manjing , Chen Ning , Chen Qiang , Tan Zhi , Zhu Jianguo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNaBiCe/Sc ions were co‐doped into a pure CaBi4Ti4O15 (CBT) ceramic to investigate the synergistic action of multiple factors that induced a high piezoresponse. In comparison to the undoped CBT ceramic, the NaBiCe/Sc co‐doped CBT solid solution exhibited an enhancement in spontaneous polarization (Ps) attributed to the tilting of the oxygen octahedra, enhanced domain reorientation owing to increased grain size, and improved dielectric breakdown strength as a consequence of reduced porosity. The synergistic action of the aforementioned comprehensive factors resulted in excellent electrical properties of Ca0.6(Na0.5Bi0.5)0.4Bi3.97Ce0.03Ti3.925Sc0.075O15 ceramic: piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 25.0 pC/N, remnant polarization Pr = 9.28 μC/cm2, and coercive field Ec = 76.14 kV/cm. Moreover, a significant high direct current resistivity (ρdc = 1.22 × 107 Ω·cm at 500°C) was achieved, and the corresponding conductance mechanism was analyzed through a synergistic approach that combines ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectra and density functional theory.
Reliable ferroelectricity in sol–gel‐derived BiFeO3 thin films below 200 nm
Authors: Gao Xuan , Dai Le , Liu Yang , Wang Ke , Karpinsky D. V. , Liu Lisha , Wang Yaojin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo evaluate optimizing processing conditions for bismuth ferrite BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films with thicknesses below 200 nm on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. The impact of the amorphous components, as well as defects and elemental composition changes and microstructure evolution (i.e., grain size) as regulated by the treatment temperatures (475–600°C) on the ferroelectric and dielectric properties are investigated. The current work shows that with the smallest grain size and the least defects amount achieved in the film annealed at 550°C, the conductivity is compressed greatly. Such a temperature will also allow adequate ferroelectric switching by reducing the amorphous components, which remain the majority below 500°C and thus reinforce the polarization switching. The leakage path is deduced via crystallized grains in BFO thin films instead of the remaining including grain boundaries and amorphous components. The best remanent polarization of ∼60.4 μC·cm‐2 from PUND measurements excluding the leakage contribution at 500 kV·cm−1 and an excellent fatigue property of 106 cycles are achieved. In addition, broadened fabrication temperatures for amorphous‐protected polycrystalline BFO thin films from 525 to 575°C, exhibiting superior ferroelectricity than most previously reported BFO thin films below 200 nm, either derived by chemical or physical methods. Ultimately, it is suggested that for leaky ferroelectrics such as BFO, optimal annealing temperature should balance the amorphous components by reducing the annealing temperature while maintaining adequate crystallization for ferroelectric switching.
Pirfenidone inhibits TGF‐β1‐induced metabolic reprogramming during epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Shuling , Wang Yuanmei , Luo Daiqin , Cheng Zhimei , Zeng Qibing , Wang Guoze , Chen Mengxue , Zhang Shuai , Luo Peng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetastasis is an important contributor to increased mortality rates in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The TGF‐β signalling pathway plays a crucial role in facilitating tumour metastasis through epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Glycolysis, a key metabolic process, is strongly correlated with NSCLC metastasis. Pirfenidone (PFD) has been shown to safely and effectively inhibit TGF‐β1 in patients with lung diseases. Furthermore, TGF‐β1 and glycolysis demonstrate an interdependent relationship within the tumour microenvironment. Our previous study demonstrated that PFD effectively inhibited glycolysis in NSCLC cells, prompting further investigation into its potential antitumour effects in this context. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the potential antitumour effect of PFD in NSCLC and explore the relationship among TGF‐β1, glycolysis and EMT through further experimentation. The antitumour effects of PFD were evaluated using five different NSCLC cell lines and a xenograft tumour model. Notably, PFD demonstrated a significant antitumour effect specifically in highly glycolytic H1299 cells. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we compared the efficacy of PFD after pretreatment with either TGF‐β1 or a TGF‐β receptor inhibitor (LY2109761). The energy metabolomics analysis of tumour tissue demonstrated that PFD, a chemosensitizing agent, reduced lactate and ATP production, thereby inhibiting glycolysis and exerting synergistic antineoplastic effects. Additionally, PFD combined with cisplatin targeted TGF‐β1 to inhibit glycolysis during EMT and enhanced the chemosensitization of A549 and H1299 cells. The magnitude of the anticancer effect exhibited by PFD was intricately linked to its metabolic properties.
The humanistic perspective as “a lighthouse” for the perception of QOL/FQOL and its application
Authors: Neuman Ran , Reiter Shunit , Brown Roy I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractQuality of life (QOL) has become an increasingly important topic in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities. Those efforts have included the structuring of models of QOL and more recently Family Quality of life (FQOL). The time has arrived to examine other developments and consider their place in a QOL paradigm. In this article, we have described one of the aspects of QOL that does not appear to be formally or directly structured into models of QOL, namely the role of the humanistic perspective as “a lighthouse” concept for the perception of QOL/FQOL and a vehicle for its application in practice. It is recognized that many researchers and practitioners have considered or practised a humanistic approach but the core beliefs and elements on humanism have received less specific or detailed attention in the QOL literature. This article proposes humanistic philosophy to be the basis for defining humanistic theoretical principles and guidelines for practice, and to be an important vehicle for operationalizing and applying quality of life.
Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending?
Authors: Keneck‐Massil Joseph , Nkariepoun‐Njoya Iliassou , Nomo‐Beyala Bernard Clery 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite recognition of the importance of women's political rights for the functioning of modern states, women's participation in political debate and decision‐making remains low around the world. As the first study of its kind, this article examines the impact of women's political empowerment on military spending. Using a sample of 163 developed and developing countries, the article shows that women's political empowerment helps to reduce military spending. Moreover, this result remains robust when dealing with the level of development, endogeneity issues and geographical location. As an explanation, we highlight the role of women politically engaged in improving governance through the reduction of corruption, peacebuilding, their preference for social spending like education and health and their role in reduction discrimination against women.
An introduction to scanning transmission electron microscopy for the study of protozoans
Authors: Trépout Sylvain , Sgarra Marie‐Laure , Marco Sergio , Ramm Georg 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSince its inception in the 1930s, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been a powerful method to explore the cellular structure of parasites. TEM usually requires samples of <100 nm thick and with protozoans being larger than 1 μm, their study requires resin embedding and ultrathin sectioning. During the past decade, several new methods have been developed to improve, facilitate, and speed up the structural characterisation of biological samples, offering new imaging modalities for the study of protozoans. In particular, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) can be used to observe sample sections as thick as 1 μm thus becoming an alternative to conventional TEM. STEM can also be performed under cryogenic conditions in combination with cryo‐electron tomography providing access to the study of thicker samples in their native hydrated states in 3D. This method, called cryo‐scanning transmission electron tomography (cryo‐STET), was first developed in 2014. This review presents the basic concepts and benefits of STEM methods and provides examples to illustrate the potential for new insights into the structure and ultrastructure of protozoans.
Geographic variation in simple contact calls of Canadian beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas)
Authors: Booy Karyn V. , Vergara Valeria , Loseto Lisa , Mikus Marie‐Ana , Marcoux Marianne 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBeluga whales, Delphinapterus leucas, are a highly social species with a complex and diverse vocal repertoire. Although extensively studied and classified, to date few attempts have been made to examine geographic variation in their calls. In this study, we examined geographic variation in simple contact calls (SCCs), specifically those that consist only of broadband pulsed trains, among four Canadian beluga populations from the Eastern Beaufort Sea (EBS), the Eastern High Arctic‐Baffin Bay, St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE), and the Western Hudson Bay. Five acoustic parameters were measured for each call and compared among populations using multivariate discriminant analysis. Results of our study indicate that there is a degree of variation in SCCs among these four populations, with the most geographically distant populations of the SLE and EBS displaying the greatest degrees of dissimilarity in SCC structure relative to geographically closer populations. Further, these results align with genetic variation of Canadian beluga populations previously described in the literature. This study is the first descriptive population comparison of SCCs for beluga and establishes a baseline for continued work into this developing area of research.
The Snf5‐Hsf1 transcription module synergistically regulates stress responses and pathogenicity by maintaining ROS homeostasis in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Xiao Kunqin , Liu Ling , He Ruonan , Rollins Jeffrey A. , Li Anmo , Zhang Guiping , He Xiaoyue , Wang Rui , Liu Jinliang , Zhang Xianghui , Zhang Yanhua , Pan Hongyu 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The SWI/SNF complex is guided to the promoters of designated genes by its co‐operator to activate transcription in a timely and appropriate manner to govern development, pathogenesis, and stress responses in fungi. Nevertheless, knowledge of the complexes and their co‐operator in phytopathogenic fungi is still fragmented.
We demonstrate that the heat shock transcription factor SsHsf1 guides the SWI/SNF complex to promoters of heat shock protein (hsp) genes and antioxidant enzyme genes using biochemistry and pharmacology. This is accomplished through direct interaction with the complex subunit SsSnf5 under heat shock and oxidative stress. This results in the activation of their transcription and mediates histone displacement to maintain reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis.
Genetic results demonstrate that the transcription module formed by SsSnf5 and SsHsf1 is responsible for regulating morphogenesis, stress tolerance, and pathogenicity in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, especially by directly activating the transcription of hsp genes and antioxidant enzyme genes counteracting plant‐derived ROS. Furthermore, we show that stress‐induced phosphorylation of SsSnf5 is necessary for the formation of the transcription module.
This study establishes that the SWI/SNF complex and its co‐operator cooperatively regulate the transcription of hsp genes and antioxidant enzyme genes to respond to host and environmental stress in the devastating phytopathogenic fungi.
Neutrophils are involved in early bone formation during midpalatal expansion
Authors: Jiang Ting , Tang Xin‐Yue , Su Han , Chen Jia‐Yi , Qin Yu‐Qi , Qin Yu‐Chen , Ouyang Ning‐Juan , Tang Guo‐Hua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveMidpalatal expansion (MPE) is routinely employed to treat transverse maxillary arch deficiency. Neutrophils are indispensable for recruiting bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) at the initial stage of bone regeneration. This study aimed to explore whether neutrophils participate in MPE and how they function during bone formation under mechanical stretching.Materials and MethodsThe presence and phenotype of neutrophils in the midpalatal suture during expansion were detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining. The possible mechanism of neutrophil recruitment and polarization was explored in vitro by exposing vascular endothelial cells (VECs) to cyclic tensile strain.ResultsThe number of neutrophils in the distracted suture peaked on Day 3, and N2‐type neutrophils significantly increased on Day 5 after force application. The depletion of circulatory neutrophils reduced bone volume by 43.6% after 7‐day expansion. The stretched VECs recruited neutrophils via a CXCR2 mechanism in vitro, which then promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation through the VEGFA/VEGFR2 axis. Consistently, these neutrophils showed higher expression of canonical N2 phenotype genes, including CD206 and Arg1.ConclusionsThese results suggested that neutrophils participated in early bone formation during MPE. Based on these findings, we propose that stretched VECs recruited and polarized neutrophils, which, in turn, induced BMSC osteogenic differentiation.
Risk stratifier for sudden cardiac death beyond the left ventricular ejection fraction in Chagas cardiomyopathy
Authors: Pedrosa Roberto Coury , Paulo do Vale Madeiro João , Alberto Alex C. , Limeira Gabriel A. , de Bragança Pereira Basílio , Matos do Nascimento Emília , Schlindwein Fernando Soares , Ng Ghulam Andre 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSudden cardiac death (SCD) risk markers are needed in Chagas cardiomyopathy (CC). Action potential duration restitution (APDR) dynamics is capable of extracting information on cardiac regional heterogeneity. This study intends to develop a patient‐specific variables‐based algorithm to predict SCD in the low‐intermediate subgroups of the Rassi risk score.MethodsCross‐sectional study of patients who underwent 24‐h Holter for research purposes between January 1992 and February 2017. From 4‐h ECG segment, RR series were generated and APDR dynamics metrics were calculated. Classification tree and sensitivity analysis were applied. As outcomes, SCD, SCD‐free and non‐cardiovascular death and 34 variables were included.ResultsTwo hundred twenty‐one (129 in the group SCD‐free, 80 in the SCD group and 12 non‐cardiovascular death group) were analyzed. In the groups with and without SCD (209 patients), the median age was 66 years, 52% were female, the cardiac involvement was mild to moderate in 72% with a Rassi point median of 8 (IQ: 3 to 11). The SCD group had more ventricular remodeling and more ventricular electrical instability. The occurrence of a %beats QTend/TendQ ratio > 1 (AUC, 0.96 (95% CI 0.89–0.98) present in more than 56.7% of the 4‐h ECG segments was sufficient to identify patients of the SCD subgroup. Variables representing different stages of CC were also relevant in the model.ConclusionIt is possible to use APDR dynamics as an adjuvant in the SCD risk assessment in a subgroup of patients with a high risk of SCD and a very low risk of non‐CV death with high power of discrimination.
New postoperative pain instrument for toddlers—Secondary analysis of prospectively collected assessments after tonsil surgery
Authors: Gude P. , Geldermann N. , Gustedt F. , Grobe C. , Weber T. P. , Georgevici A. I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Children's and Infant's Postoperative Pain Scale (CHIPPS) and the German version of the Parent's Postoperative Pain Measure (PPPM‐D) are used to assess postoperative pain intensity in preschool children. However, they have shown low concordance in previous prospective studies on quality improvement.AimsOur secondary analysis aimed to estimate the association strength between the pain score items and indication for rescue medication defined as CHIPPS ≥4 and/or PPPD‐D ≥ 6. Thus, we intended to create a further developed pain instrument with fewer variables for easier routine use.MethodsWe analyzed 1067 pain intensity assessments of hospitalized children for the development of our novel tool in two steps using modern statistical and machine‐learning methods: (1) Boruta variable selection to analyze the association strength between CHIPPS score, PPPM‐D items, age, weight, and elapsed time after surgery, including their interactions and pattern stability, and the binary outcome (analgesics required yes/no). (2) Symbolic regression to generate a short formula with the least number of variables and highest accuracy for rescue medication indication.ResultsAdditional analgesics were required in 19.96% of pain intensity assessments, whereby the PPPM‐D showed higher variance than CHIPPS. Boruta identified PPPM‐D score, CHIPPS score, 9 of the 15 PPPM‐D variables, and time of assessment as associated with the indication for RM. Symbolic regression revealed that additional analgesics are required if CHIPPS is ≥4 OR PPPM‐D item “less energy than usual” AND one of the items “more easily cry” or “more groan/moan” are answered with “yes.” These PPPM‐D items were not redundant and showed nonlinear course over time. The cross‐validated accuracy for this assessment tool was 94.94%.ConclusionsThe new instrument is easy to use and may improve postoperative pain intensity assessment in children. However, it requires prospective validation in a new cohort.
Spatial tax regimes and location choices of manufacturing firms: Survey evidence in southern Tunisia
Authors: Laajimi Rawaa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe conducted a survey of 179 manufacturing firms in southeastern Tunisia to investigate the determinants of their location choices, with a specific focus on the role of place‐based fiscal regimes. The data analyzed using Multiple Factor Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis reveal that manufacturing firms in this region can be categorized into distinct groups based on the relative strength of the wide range of location determinants included in the survey. While we confirm the significant role of fiscal and financial incentives in the location decisions of some manufacturing firms, we also highlight the relevance of traditional factors such as workforce, land availability and geographic proximity for certain sectors. Estimates from binary and ordered probit models show that, overall, the probability of locating in a tax‐advantaged area increases by an average 15% compared with a non‐tax‐advantaged area.
Influence of renin–angiotensin system blockades on vascular access survival in patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Kang Seok Hui , Kim Bo Yeon , Son Eun Jung , Kim Gui Ok , Do Jun Young 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionResults on the association between the use of renin–angiotensin system blockades (RASBs) and vascular access‐related outcomes are inconsistent. We aimed to compare vascular access‐related outcomes according to the use of RASBs in hemodialysis patients.MethodsThis study used data from a national hemodialysis quality assessment program of the Republic of Korea (n = 54,903). Group 1 was not prescribed any blood pressure‐lowering drugs (n = 28,521). Group 2 was prescribed other blood pressure‐lowering agents except for RASBs (n = 9571). Group 3 was prescribed RASBs (n = 16,811). Vascular access‐related outcomes were classified into intervention‐free survival (IFS), thrombosis‐free survival (TFS), and vascular access survival (VAS).ResultsNo significant difference in the three access survival rates was identified among the three groups. The multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that Group 3 had better outcomes in IFS and TFS than Group 1. The numbers of angioplasties performed were significantly greater in Group 1 than in the other two groups. The numbers of thrombectomies performed were significantly the lowest in Group 3 among all the groups.ConclusionsOur study revealed different results according to types of access survival in univariate or multivariate analyses. The association of RASBs with favorable outcomes in vascular access remains unclear.
Husserl and the normativity of logic
Authors: Huang Di 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this article, I analyze the evolution of Husserl's view on the normativity of logic and the corresponding changes in his phenomenological analysis of judgment. Initially, in the Prolegomena, Husserl claimed that the laws of pure logic are ideal and acquire normative status only as a result of application. Later, however, he revised this position and claimed that the same laws are at once ideal and normative. Sections 1 and 2 present textual evidence for attributing such a change of position to Husserl, which is not generally acknowledged in the literature. Section 3 critically examines Husserl's early position, with specific attention to the model of instantiation. Sections 4–6 identify three key stages in the development of Husserl's theory of judgment that lead to the normative conception of pure logic: (1) the critique of the dissociation of ideal content and assertive force; (2) the rejection of the instantiation model of proposition and the development of a new account in terms of identification; (3) the genetic‐phenomenological interpretation of proposition and the elaboration of the three‐layer structure of pure logic.