bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fires in the South American Chaco, from dry forests to wetlands: response to climate depends on land cover
Authors: San Martín Rodrigo , Ottlé Catherine , Sörensson Anna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Wildfires represent an important element in the bio-geophysical cycles of various ecosystems across the globe and are particularly related to land transformation in tropical and subtropical regions. In this study, we analyzed the links between fires, land use (LU), and meteorological variables in the South American Chaco (1.1 million km2), a global deforestation hotspot and fire-exposed region that has recently attracted greater attention as the largest and one of the last tropical dry forests in the world.

Results
We found that the Dry Chaco (73% of the total area of Chaco) exhibits a unimodal fire seasonality (winter-spring), and the Wet Chaco (the remaining 23%) displays a bimodal seasonality (summer-autumn and winter-spring). While most of the burnt area (BA) was found in the Wet Chaco (113,859 km2; 55% of the entire BA), the Dry Chaco showed the largest fraction of forest loss (93,261 km2; 88% of the entire forest loss). Between 2001 and 2019, 26% of the entire Chaco’s forest loss occurred in areas with BA detections, and this percentage varies regionally and across countries, revealing potential connections to LU and policy. Argentina lost 51,409 km2 of its Chaco tree cover, surpassing the forest losses of Paraguay and Bolivia, and 40% of this loss was related to fire detections. The effect of meteorological fluctuations on fuel production and flammability varies with land cover (LC), which emerged as the principal factor behind BA. While wet areas covered with herbaceous vegetation showed negative correlations between BA and precipitation, some dry regions below 800 mm/year, and mostly covered by shrublands, showed positive correlations. These results reveal the two different roles of precipitation in (a) moisture content and flammability and (b) production of biomass fuel.

Conclusions
As fires and deforestation keep expanding in the South American Chaco, our study represents a step forward to understanding their drivers and effects. BA is dependent on LC types, which explains the discrepancies in fire frequency and seasonality between the Wet and Dry Chaco subregions. The links between fires and deforestation also vary between regions and between countries, exposing the role of anthropic forcing, land management, and policy. To better understand the interactions between these drivers, further studies at regional scale combining environmental sciences with social sciences are needed. Such research should help policy makers take action to preserve and protect the remaining forests and wetlands of the Chaco.
Immunotherapeutic strategy in the management of gastric cancer: molecular profiles, current practice, and ongoing trials
Authors: Lu Mengxiao , Wu Yingjie , Zhang Yixin , Yu Yu , Wang ShengJie , Su Xiaobao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is the one of the most commonly solid cancer worldwide. Although under the aggressive treatment, the poor clinical outcomes of patients with GCs have not been improved. Current studies emphasized that targeting therapies or immune response-based therapeutic strategy may be a potential approach to improve the clinical outcomes. Moreover, accumulative evidence has reported the increasing expression of PD-L1 expression in GC cells and highlighted its role in the tumor progression. Currently, great development has been established in the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and further changed the clinical practice of GC treatment and prognosis. In addition, the combination therapies with targeting therapy or traditional therapies are expected to push the development of immunotherapies. In our present review, we predominantly focus on the biomarkers and molecular profiles for immunotherapies in GCs and highlight the role and administration of ICIs-based immunotherapeutic strategies against the GCs.
Development of an Image-based Method for Tablet Microstructure Description and Its Correlation with API Release Rate
Authors: Römerová Simona , Dammer Ondřej , Zámostný Petr 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe performance of a pharmaceutical formulation, such as the drug (API) release rate, is significantly influenced by the properties of the materials used, the composition of the final product and the tablet compression process parameters. However, in some cases, the knowledge of these input parameters does not necessarily provide a reliable description or prediction of tablet performance. Therefore, the knowledge of tablet microstructure is desirable to understand such formulations. Commonly used analytical techniques, such as X-ray tomography and intrusion mercury porosimetry, are not widely used in pharmaceutical companies due to their price and/or toxicity, and therefore, efforts are made to develop a tool for fast and easy microstructure description. In this work, we have developed an image-based method for microstructure description and applied it to a model system consisting of ibuprofen and CaHPO4∙2H2O (API and excipient with different deformability). The obtained parameter, the quadratic mean of the equivalent diameter of the non-deformable, brittle excipient CaHPO4∙2H2O, was correlated with tablet composition, compression pressure and API release rate. The obtained results demonstrate the possibility of describing the tablet dissolution performance in the presented model system based on the microstructural parameter, providing a possible model system for compressed solid dosage forms in which a plastic component is present and specific API release is required.
Graphical Abstract
Prevalence and factors associated with adolescent pregnancy among sexually active adolescent girls in Peru: Evidence from Demographic and Family Health Survey, 2015-2019
Authors: Caira-Chuquineyra Brenda , Fernandez-Guzman Daniel , Meza-Gómez Adria , Luque-Mamani Beatriz Milagros , Medina-Carpio Shawny Luz , Mamani-García Carlos S. , Romani-Peña Marilia , Díaz-Vélez Cristian 
Published: October 2023

Background: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy among sexually active adolescents, and identify the factors associated with this problem. Methods: A population-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using pooled data from the Demographic and Family Health Surveys of Peru, 2015-2019. A total sample of 8850 adolescent girls aged 12 to 19 years who reported a history of sexual intercourse were included. To identify factors related to adolescent pregnancy, the study employed adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The aPR were obtained from a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of adolescent pregnancy among sexually active adolescents in Peru was 30.9% (95%CI: 29.4–32.4%). In the multivariable analysis; being 17-19 years (aPR: 1.48; 95%CI :1.33–1.64), being married or cohabitant (aPR: 4.01; 95%CI: 3.48–4.61) and belonging to the Quechua ethnicity group (aPR: 1.16; 95%CI: 1.07–1.25), were associated with a higher prevalence. Conversely, the following factors were associated with a lower prevalence of pregnancy: being employed (aPR: 0.81; 95%CI: 0.76–0.86), being currently studying (aPR: 0.43; 95%CI: 0.38–0.49), belonging to the second (aPR: 0.91; 95%CI: 0.85–0.97), third (aPR: 0.81; 95%CI: 0.74–0.89), fourth (aPR: 0.79; 95%CI: 0.69–0.91) and fifth (aPR: 0.59; 95%CI: 0.47–0.75) wealth quintile, initiating sexual relations in middle adolescente (aPR: 0.76; 95%CI: 0.69–0.83) or late adolescence (aPR: 0.40; 95%CI: 0.35–0.46), perceiving a future pregnancy as a problem (aPR: 0.77; 95%CI: 0.72–0.83) and having knowledge of the moment in the cycle when pregnancy can occur (aPR: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.77–0.92) Conclusions: Approximately three out of ten adolescents who initiated a sexual life had at least one pregnancy. Age, marital status, employment, education, wealth, ethnicity, age at first intercourse, knowledge of when in the cycle she may become pregnant, and perception of future pregnancy were associated with adolescent pregnancy
The Formation of Stress Resistance Among Pupils-Sportsmen Within the Framework of Additional Education for Children
Authors: Popov A. , Yulina Galina 
Published: October 2023

Modern conditions of the development of professional competences of pupils in the field of sports are characterized by the presence of stressful situations arising both in the training and competition process. The urgent issues related to children's sports are to minimize emotional experiences and to develop stress tolerance of school sportsmen, because the state of stress deprives the young athlete of the ability to think, act and react instantly, which is very important in sports. Experiencing stress can lead not only to the qualities of a weak sportsmen, but also to various
psychosomatic conditions. The proposed article deals with the issues of stress tolerance of school sportsmen in the framework of additional education for children, in order to identify and reduce the factors of extreme emotional stress, constantly present in the sphere of sports. Various works of famous psychologists and educators in the key of psychological and pedagogical support of the child's activity in sports are highlighted. An experiment on revealing
the level of emotional tension of school sportsmen according to the method of Yu.Ya. Kiselev was carried out and
statistical data of the research result are presented. The aim of the pedagogical experiment was to develop a method of adaptation to stressful situations and its application in practice for the formation of stress resistance of young sportsmen. The results of the experiment showed a high level of stress resistance among pupils-sportsmen studying in institutions of additional education for children- sportsmen in the city of Moscow, which indicates the purposeful work of the discussed organizations aimed at improving the professional psychological and pedagogical competence
of coaches; to ensure a differentiated approach to the formation of sports skills of schoolchildren; on the development of appropriate pedagogical and psychological methods for the formation of pupils-sportsmen' stress resistance. The conducted research emphasizes the importance of creating and developing conditions in additional educational institutions for revealing the potential of the personality of pupils-sportsmen, for the formation of a healthy lifestyle among the growing generation, value orientations, sustainable emotional stability and, finally, increasing the stress
resistance of pupils-sportsmen.
Multi-wavelength unidirectional forward scattering properties of the arrow-shaped gallium phosphide nanoantenna
Authors: Lv Jingwei , Ren Yanru , Wang Debao , Xu Xinchen , Liu Wei , Wang Jianxin , Liu Chao , Chu Paul K 
Published: October 2023

An arrow-shaped gallium phosphide nanoantenna exhibits both near-field electric field enhancement and far-field unidirectional scattering, and the interference conditions involve electric and magnetic quadrupoles as well as toroidal dipoles. By using long-wavelength approximation and exact multipole decomposition, the interference conditions required for far-field unidirectional transverse light scattering and backward near-zero scattering at multiple wavelengths are determined. The near-field properties are excellent, as exemplified by large Purcell factors of 4.5×109 for electric dipole source excitation, 464.68 for magnetic dipole source excitation, and 700 V/m for the field enhancement factor. The degree of enhancement of unidirectional scattering is affected by structural parameters such as the angle and thickness of the nanoantenna. The arrow-shaped nanoantenna is an efficient platform to enhance the electric field and achieve high directionality of light scattering. Moreover, the nanostructure enables flexible manipulation of light waves and materials, giving rise to superior near-field and far-field performances, which are of great importance pertaining to the practicability and application potential of optical antennas in applications such as spectroscopy, sensing, displays, and optoelectronic devices.
Epidemiology and risk factors of Japanese encephalitis in Taiwan, 2010–2022
Authors: Hsu Jen-Yu , Hung Chien-Ching , Tsou Tsung-Pei , Chen Wan-Chin 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Taiwan introduced a two-dose inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) mouse brain-derived (JE-MB) vaccine into routine childhood immunization in 1968, with booster vaccination implemented in 1974 and 1983. In 2017, JE-MB vaccine was replaced by a two-dose live-attenuated chimeric vaccine (JE-CV). After implementation of JE vaccination programs, JE cases have shifted from children to adults. In this study, we described the JE epidemiology and identify high-risk groups to further inform vaccine policy.

Methodology/Principal findings
We extracted data from Taiwan’s notifiable disease surveillance database, vital statistics, and employment statistics from 2010 to 2022. Diagnosis of JE was confirmed by JE seroconversion, a four-fold increase in virus-specific antibodies, a positive JE viral nucleic-acid test, or JE virus isolation. From 2010 to 2022, a total of 313 cases of JE were diagnosed, resulting in an overall incidence rate of 0.10 cases per 100,000 person-years and a mortality rate of 0.006 per 100,000 population per year. Among these patients, 64% were male, and the median age was 51 years (range 0–82). Compared with people born in or after 1976 (vaccinated with four doses of JE-MB vaccine or two doses of JE-CV), those born in or before 1962 (unvaccinated) and those born during 1963–1975 (vaccinated with two or three doses of JE-MB vaccine) had a 4.2-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0–5.7) and 5.9-fold (95% CI 4.3–8.1) higher risk of JE, respectively. The relative risk of working in agriculture, forestry, fishing, or animal husbandry, compared to other occupations, was 5.0 (95% CI 3.5–7.0).

Conclusions/Significance
In Taiwan, individuals born before 1976 and those employed in agriculture, forestry, fishing, or animal husbandry had a higher risk of JE. We recommend JE vaccination for people in these high-risk groups who have not been fully vaccinated or have an unknown vaccination history.
The Impact of Public Green Space Views on Indoor Thermal Perception and Environment Control Behavior of Residents - A Survey Study in Shanghai
Authors: Wu Chunya 
Published: October 2023

To reduce energy consumption while meeting the indoor thermal comfort requirements of residential buildings, this survey study explores the visual-thermal cross-modal effect of public green space window view on residents’ indoor thermal perception, and how this effect regulates residents’ environment control behavior. Based on an online questionnaire, 424 valid data were collected from Shanghai residents during the lockdown period during which the window view is the only accessible connection to the outside. The result shows that public green space views, while not significantly changing the physical thermal sensation of residents, made a greater proportion of participants feel thermal neutral, and significantly improved the participants' environmental evaluation, thermal comfort, and thermal acceptance, resulting in a 7% decrease in using air conditioning and 7% increase in natural ventilation. Path analysis reveals that public green space window view can improve indoor thermal comfort by enhancing subjective environmental evaluation, and thus encourage passive environmental regulation behavior, reducing energy consumption. Complementing previous studies, this research provides direct evidence for the energy-saving potential of public green space in residential areas from a different angle.
Keywords: Visual-thermal interaction; cross-modal perception; Environment control behavior; Environmental psychology;
Sustainable design
Bridging Education and Sustainable Development: Assessing Future Psychologists’ Perspectives
Authors: Stoliarchuk Olesia , Liang Keyan , Khrypko Svitlana , Ishchuk Olena , Serhieinkova Oksana , Kalishchuk Svitlana , Divchuk Tetiana 
Published: October 2023

Education serves as a dynamic interplay between generations, encompassing dialogue and mutual enrichment. It embodies the spiritual essence inherent in individuals, communities, eras, and cultural contexts, shaped by moral and spiritual values specific to cultural circles. Education bridges the gap between the ‘values of the environment’ and the ‘values of life experience’, defining the persona of individuals, communities, and societies. It functions as a repository of intellectual potential, dismissing the notion of ‘excessive’ education and highlighting its indispensability for human growth. Values, pivotal to human intellectual exploration, encapsulate the initiation, propagation, or negation of philosophical paradigms within fluctuating contexts. Education emerges as a distinctive manifestation of self-cultivation and a testament to human accomplishments. This study aimed to assess sustainable social development awareness and implementation readiness among future psychologists. The investigation involved 160 Ukrainian psychology students, employing written surveys and statistical analysis. Findings unveiled a limited comprehension of sustainable societal development among respondents, often narrowed to environmental concerns and overlooking the social facet. Despite this, over half of the participants sought alignment with their interpretation, integrating these ideals into their university environment. The ongoing conflict in Ukraine intensified the urgency of instilling sustainable development values, though a third of the respondents fully embraced these concepts. Implementation challenges included consumeristic attitudes towards natural resources and low environmental consciousness, highlighting the need for value propagation and social responsibility cultivation. Respondents recognized the social dimension’s salience in their future professional roles, albeit with a tendency to overlook intergenerational continuity concerns. The study exposed limited and fragmented competence in understanding sustainable societal development among future psychologists, with value cultivation appearing spontaneous and disjointed. The university environment presents an opportunity to nurture sustainable development values, urging educators to augment students’ competency and motivational preparedness for their roles in implementing these concepts.
Keywords: sustainable development, education, values, future psychologists, professional training, awareness, societal progress, professional roles.
Corporations vs. Countries. Fostering Governance Sustainability in a Global Environment
Authors: Bodislav Dumitru Alexandru , Dobrea Cătălin Răzvan , Bran Florina , Moncea Mădălina 
Published: October 2023

This research study integrates the results from theoretical and real-world scenarios in the frameworks of corporate governance, state governance, and public administration. Whether it be via the tight examination of the private sector or the public sector, the strategy adopted in this research involved constructing a 360-degree focus on real occurrences that generate the formal and informal processes that keep the globe going. In the first portion of the article, the global mechanism as viewed from the perspective of business and the worldwide mechanism as seen from the standpoint of the economy are both given their own section.
Keywords: corporate governance, economic growth, free trade, global accountability
Innovative ICT Applications to Increase Social Acceptance of Transport Investments
Authors: Jakovics Tibor Princz- , Szemenyei Márton 
Published: October 2023

Consideration of the environmental impact of transport investments is typically one of the critical aspects in the preparation phase of decisions, strongly influenced by the degree and quality of public participation. Environmental regulation often uses instruments that favour direct government intervention, while other methods based on agreements has minor attention. An overview of the environmental economics of transaction costs and exploring of the processes leading to agreements will be the basis of our work. Then, we summarise existing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) services are already available to understand and address the environmental problems. These services are usually limited to certain functions, however additional ICT solutions would increase the level of cooperation between investors and stakeholders. The aim of this research is to propose an ICT platform for facilitating agreements that improve environmental quality. We present the structure of the ICT platform, its essential features and possible implementations. Our platform may contribute to the preparation phase of several types of projects and provide an innovative tool for optimal level of pollution. Through practical examples the potential applications of the proposed ICT system in transport and urban development schemes will be shown and the estimation of achievable benefits will be given.
Keywords: environmental sustainability, social acceptance, information and communication technologies, transaction costs, transport investments.
Rural Area Infrastructural Challenges and the Role of Architecture in Urban-Rural Development in Nigeria
Authors: Okosun Andrew E. , Okeke Francis O. , Igwe Ajuluchukwu E. , Ezema Emmanuel C. , Okpalike Cyriacus O. 
Published: October 2023

Urban and rural areas are diametrically opposed but related phenomena. It is often difficult to ascertain where the rural areas end and where the city begins; because in city’s growth process, the surrounding countryside is absorbed. Part of it disappears forever, but many of its elements are preserved, fitting into the urban environment with marked differences of infrastructure facilities. These Community infrastructures are the framework of physical facilities needed to support and sustain inhabitants to live and work. However, rural societies suffer neglect. Many elderly people retire and return to rural areas for the comfort, slow and communal lifestyle it offers. Yet, as the world advances at a rapid pace, rural areas and people are left behind. Employing a qualitative literature review, the study delves into the current state of rural infrastructure development in Nigeria, and review various programmes implemented by the government in years past. The findings reveal three phases of rural infrastructural development. It highlights the issues and challenges stemming from the neglect of rural infrastructural needs, and the role of architecture in facilitating urban-rural development. It concludes that focus must be turned to rural areas with architects playing significant role in advancing the quality of rural life.
Keywords: Infrastructure facilities, Rural development, Architecture, Environment, Urban-rural.