bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FRI026 PPARγ Antagonists Induce Aromatase Transcription In Human Adipose Tissue Cells
Authors: Ardenkjær-Skinnerup Jacob , Petersen Patricia S S , Hadrup Niels , Ravn-Haren Gitte , Emanuelli Brice , Vogel Ulla B , Brown Kristy A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: J. Ardenkjær-Skinnerup: None. P.S. Petersen: None. N. Hadrup: None. G. Ravn-Haren: None. B. Emanuelli: None. U.B. Vogel: None. K.A. Brown: None.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) activation in adipose stromal cells (ASCs; adipocyte precursors) is associated with decreased expression of the estrogen biosynthetic enzyme, aromatase, encoded by the CYP19A1 gene. A number of chemicals and endocrine disruptors can affect PPARγ function. For example, ethanol-mediated inhibition of PPARγ activity is associated with increased risk of breast cancer,1 and a potential mechanism has been suggested to involve upregulation of aromatase. It is therefore hypothesized that inhibitors of PPARγ will induce aromatase expression and may act as breast carcinogens. This study aimed to explore the effect of PPARγ antagonists on the expression of aromatase in cells from human adipose tissue. Human adipose tissue was obtained from abdominoplasty or reduction mammoplasty surgeries. Explants, adipocytes and ASCs were collected for culture and/or gene expression analysis. Primary ASCs and the hTERT A41 hWAT ASC line were differentiated in the presence of PPARγ antagonists followed by gene expression analysis or lipid staining. Adipose tissue explants and A41 cells were treated for 24 or 48 h with PPARγ agonist or antagonist, and gene expression analysis was performed. Finally, PPARγ was overexpressed in A41 cells and/or treated with a PPARγ agonist to study the effect of PPARγ protein level and activation on aromatase expression. Aromatase expression was higher in human ASCs than in mature adipocytes. Exposure of ASCs to PPARγ antagonists during differentiation inhibited lipid accumulation and resulted in higher expression of aromatase. PPARγ overexpression and agonist treatment repressed aromatase expression in A41 cells, while antagonist treatment in differentiated A41 cells resulted in increased aromatase expression. A similar tendency was observed in adipose tissue explants. In conclusion, the results suggest that PPARγ regulates aromatase through two separate mechanisms. Exposure of human ASCs to PPARγ antagonists indirectly upregulates aromatase expression by inhibition of adipogenesis. In addition, PPARγ regulates aromatase in differentiated ASCs via a more acute mechanism, not related to adipocyte differentiation.
1. Petersen RK, Larsen SB, Jensen DM, et al. PPARgamma-PGC-1alpha activity is determinant of alcohol related breast cancer. Cancer Lett. 2012;315(1):59-68.
Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023
FRI033 Metabolically Healthy Obesity In A Young Population Assisted By The Family Health Strategy
Authors: Boghossian Rodney Barbera , Ferreira Maselli Giovanna Francesca , Lopes Carolina Campello , de Vasconcellos Clara Avelar Mendes , Parente Carlos Augusto , Santos Ferreira Deisianny Dos , Garcia Juliana Câmara , Senra Guimarães Luana Moreira , Muxfeldt Elizabeth Silaid , Damião Charbel Pereira 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: R.B. Boghossian: None. G.F. Maselli: None. C.C. Lopes: None. C.A. Vasconcellos: None. C.A. Parente: None. D.D. Ferreira: None. J.C. Garcia: None. L.M. Guimarães: None. E.S. Muxfeldt: None. C.P. Damião: None.
Background: Obesity is increasing in younger populations, and is associated with a high cardiovascular (CV) risk, however, it is not clear whether metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) may have a lower CV risk or if it is just an earlier stage of the disease. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors associated with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) in a young population assisted by a Family Health Care unit in a large urban center. Design and Methods: A cross-sectional population study for CV risk assessment in adults aged 20-50 years old from a Family Health Care unit. Demographic, anthropometric data and CV risk factors were recorded. All underwent office blood pressure (BP) measurements, laboratory evaluation (lipid and glycidic profile), Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (HBPM), and bioimpedance. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) &gt; 30 kg/m2 and MHO are those who have less than 3 of the following criteria for metabolic syndrome: office BP higher or equal to 130 x 85 mmHg, hypertension, fasting blood sugar higher or equal to 100 mg/dL, HDL &lt; 40 mg/dL (men) and 50 mg/dL (women), triglycerides &gt;150 mg/dL and waist circumference &gt; 102 cm (men) and &gt; 88 cm (women). Results: A total of 726 individuals were evaluated (60% female; mean age 37 ± 9 years). The prevalence of obesity was 24.9%, of which 73.4% were classified as MHO. Obeses are older, with a higher prevalence of physical inactivity (51% vs 42%, p=0.03), hypertension (44% vs 19%, p&lt;0.001), and diabetes (10% vs 2%, p=0.001) with higher office and home blood pressure. MHO compared to unhealthy ones are significantly younger and smoke less. Despite being obese, they have lower waist circumference (102 vs 110 cm, p=0.03), with lower office and home BP. There is no significant difference in relation to corporal composition. Conclusion: MHO was more prevalent in this young population and seems to have a lower CV risk, however it is not clear whether these younger and less obese individuals are only at an earlier stage of the disease. Perhaps the CV diseases onset is postponed for a few years. Even so, these individuals should not be excluded from public health policies as a form of primary prevention
Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023
FRI034 Visceral Adiposity Index Is Associated With Cardiovascular Diseases, Independent Of Body Mass Index: Analysis From NHANES Study
Authors: Ayesh Hazem , Bradley Anna Barton 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: H. Ayesh: None. A.B. Bradley: None.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Early identification of at-risk individuals plays an essential role in the treatment and management of CVD. There are multiple reports in the literature that Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), has been associated with CVD. In this study, we will investigate the association of VAI with CVD, independent of body mass index (BMI), age, and diabetes status. Methods: A sample of 6587 individuals were selected from the NHANES study population (2011-2020). The sample included all individuals in the NHANES population (2011-2020) who are above 18 years and have waist circumference (WC), serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level, and serum triglyceride level (TG) available to calculate VAI. CVD status was assigned based on the question “Ever told you had coronary heart disease” from the NHANES survey. VAI for men was calculated using the formula “(WC/(39,68+(1.88*BMI) *(TG/1.03) *(1.31/HDL)”. VAI for women was calculated using the formula “(WC/(36,58+(BMI *1.89) *(TG/0.81) *(1.52/ HDL)” .VAI values were divided into 4 quartiles as follows: 1st(&lt;1.81), 2nd (&lt; 3.03), 3rd(&lt; 5.09), 4th(&gt; 5.09). Logistic regression analysis was performed to study the association between VAI and CVD. Statistical analysis was adjusted for age, BMI, and diabetes status. Results: Statistical analysis showed a statistically significant association between CVD and VAI independent of age, BMI and diabetes status. The odds of CVD were higher in the VAI 4th quartile group compared to the 1st quartile group with an odds ratio of 1.44 (95% CI 1.05-1.98), P value 0.02. Discussion/Conclusion: These results indicate that VAI can serve as a screening tool to identify individuals at risk for cardiovascular diseases. Waist circumference measurements, serum triglyceride levels, and high-density lipoproteins serum levels values are often easily accessible in clinical practice. Implementation of auto-calculation of VAI in electronic health records will provide robust screening and monitoring tools to identify individuals at risk for CVD, especially those with normal BMI. Future high-quality prospective studies will be helpful to further understand the association.
Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023
FRI035 Comparative Study Of The Changes In Body Composition According To Age And The Associations With The Risk Of Diabetes Mellitus By Races
Authors: Jang Seol A , Kim Kyoung Min , Kim Chul Sik , Park Seok Won 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: S. Jang: None. K. Kim: None. C. Kim: None. S. Park: None.
Introduction: The changes in body composition with aging are known to be associated with the risk of various chronic diseases. But the body composition changes with age among different races, is not well studied. This study aimed to investigate the racial differences in the changes of body composition according to age and the association with prevalent diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 37,153 participants was include in the study. 27,864 Korean from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 2008-2011 and 9,289 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 whose age ranged from 20 to 85 years were analyzed. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Horizon) in both cohorts. Relative body composition measures based on young adult (20-29 years) were compared. The association of body composition measures and diabetes were analyzed. Results: Compare to other three races from NHANES, Korean men and women had a lower BMI. Total percentage fat tended to increase with age in all races, but degree of increase with age was not higher in Korean men than in other races and a similar trend was observed in Korean women. Regarding the changes in lean mass, men and women showed different patterns. In men, non-Hispanic white showed peak levels in their 40s and then tended to decrease. All other races showed peaks in their 20s and 30s, and subsequently decreased. Compared to other races, the decline according to age was the largest in Korean men. For women, in all races, the pattern was maintained even after their 20s until their 40s or 50s, and then decreased. The degree of decline was similar in all races. In men, higher fat percentage and lower lean mass were associated with prevalent diabetes in all races. In women, however, higher fat percentage and lower lean mass were associated with prevalent diabetes in only Korean and non-Hispanic white. Conclusion: The changes in body composition according to age vary by race and its association with prevalent diabetes also differs. The clinical significance of changes in body composition according to age and race in chronic diseases needs to be further clarified.
Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023
FRI050 A Cross-sectional Study Of Parental Outdoor Play Preferences And Association With Child Overweight And Obesity
Authors: Gavryutina Irina , Bochner Risa , Chin Vivian , Bargman Renee 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: I. Gavryutina: None. R. Bochner: None. V. Chin: None. R. Bargman: None.
Background: Childhood obesity is highly prevalent among certain populations of New York City (NYC). Objectives: This cross-sectional study examined the associations between parental attitudes about outdoor activities and playground utilization on child overweight and obesity. Methods: A questionnaire was developed and distributed among parents of 1-13 aged children at ambulatory pediatric clinics in Brooklyn, New York. Parents were asked about time spent outdoors and factors, that can affect it, such as outdoor temperature, winter season, precipitation, concerns about overall safety and COVID-19. Anthropometric data was collected on children and demographic data on both children and parents. Children were divided into 2 groups - those above and below 85% of BMI and associations between parental outdoor play preferences and beliefs with pediatric overweight and obesity were studied. Unadjusted and adjusted relationships between outdoor play preferences and child with BMI ≥85% were analyzed. Results: Of 104 children included in the study 57 were of normal weight and 47 were overweight or obese. The parents of children in both groups were mostly immigrants. There was no statistically significant difference in child age, sex, race, ethnicity and birth country between children with BMI &lt;85% and with BMI ≥85% (P &gt; 0.05, NS). Most parents of children with BMI &lt;85% reported frequent playground utilization, considered longer hours to spend outside on weekdays, reported a larger total temperature range for outdoor playground utilization and a lower tolerable minimum temperature compared to parents of children with BMI ≥85%, p&lt;0.05. Only having a parent born outside of the US remained a significant predictor of overweight and obesity in the final model. Conclusions: Parents of children with BMI&lt;85% are more willing to spend time outdoors, regardless of weather, tolerate wider temperature ranges and lower temperature minimums, have less concern about wet weather and their children are housebound for shorter periods. Immigrant parents are protective against overweight. Concern must be paid to factors that affect outdoor activity in cold climates and mitigation strategies developed to improve children’s health.
Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023
SAT650 Catecholamine-independent Neural Pathways Drive The Rapid Catabolism Of Metabolically Inert Fat
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Majumdar Anurag , Kleiboeker Brian , Magee Kristann L , Learman Brian S , Thomas Steven A , Lodhi Irfan J , MacDougald Ormond A , Scheller Erica L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: X. Zhang: None. A. Majumdar: None. B. Kleiboeker: None. K.L. Magee: None. B.S. Learman: None. S.A. Thomas: None. I.J. Lodhi: None. O.A. MacDougald: None. E.L. Scheller: None.
Adipocytes classically store or release energy in response to changes in metabolic status. However, several fat depots throughout the body are resistant to these metabolic cues. Identification of novel mechanisms that drive energy release from metabolically inert adipocytes is needed to inform strategies to deplete stubborn fat and, conversely, to preserve these depots in pathologic settings of wasting and cachexia. To address this question, we focused on the constitutive bone marrow adipose tissue (cBMAT), a well-established site of metabolically inert fat that remains unchanged with fasting, exercise, and cold exposure and is depleted only in certain extreme conditions such as cachexia or starvation. To study this unique depot, we developed a mouse model of rapid, complete depletion of all fat, including cBMAT, within 9 days using central intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of leptin. Surgical denervation, chemical sympathectomy, or genetic dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) deletion did not prevent the ICV leptin-induced depletion of cBMAT, revealing this process to be independent of catecholamines and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Vossicle implantation defined the mediators as transported through the circulation, and BMAT-specific ablation of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) identified dependence on basal lipolysis. Gene expression and a radioisotope-based de novo lipogenesis assay pinpointed a concurrent suppression of lipogenesis, and subcutaneous insulin supplementation prevented leptin-induced cBMAT depletion, but not other depots. Together, this defines the differential regulation of metabolism in metabolically inert fat depots such as cBMAT. Specifically, leptin-responsive circuits in the brain can deplete inert adipocytes by suppressing lipogenesis while maintaining basal lipolysis independent of the SNS.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
SAT158 Hypoglycemia After Bariatric Surgery Caused By Insulinoma
Authors: Yaseen Aseel , Lam Han 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: A. Yaseen: None. H. Lam: None.
Introduction: Post bariatric surgery hypoglycemia occurs at least 6 to 12 months after bariatric surgery, presents as postprandial neuroglycopenia with documented blood glucose &lt;54 mg/dl occurring 1 to 3 hours after meals, resolving with carbohydrate intake, and normal fasting glucose. Fasting hypoglycemia or hypoglycemia &gt; 4 hours after caloric intake is not typical of post-bariatric hypoglycemia and should raise concern for other etiologies, specifically insulinoma. Clinical Case: A 62 year old female who had Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery 18 years ago presented with confusion and a blood glucose level of 35 mg/dl.She had been having episodic hypoglycemia fasting and nonfasting for 4 years prior to presentation. Initial workup revealed serum insulin 10 uIU/ml, C-peptide 2.3 ng/ml, and serum glucose of 19 mg/dl. A dextrose 20% in water intravenous infusion was started in addition to octreotide injections, acarbose, and diazoxide. Prednisone was added later and acarbose discontinued. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed a 1.8 x 1.3 cm enhancing lesion within the pancreatic tail. Selective arteriography and intra-arterial calcium stimulation with hepatic venous sampling revealed significant elevation of insulin after calcium gluconate injection into the accessory pancreatic tail artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery which supplies the hypervascular pancreatic tail mass. Patient had an exploratory laparotomy and splenic preserving distal pancreatectomy. Surgical pathology revealed a 2.1 cm grade 1, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor that was limited to the pancreas. Hypoglycemia resolved after surgery and she was discharged on glargine insulin and metformin. 1 month after surgery, C-peptide was 0.3 ng/ml, serum glucose was 101 mg/dl and HbA1c was 6.5%. Discussion and Conclusion: The incidence of hypoglycemia after RYGB is uncertain but has been reported to be 0.1 to 0.4% of cases. Only 9 cases of insulinoma in patients with a history of gastric surgery have been reported, 7 of 9 (78%) being female with an average age of 56 years old. Symptoms included fasting and postprandial hypoglycemia occurring 6 months to 20 years after bariatric surgery. CT, MRI, and endoscopic ultrasound have been found to have excellent sensitivity for preoperative localization of insulinoma. Selective arteriography and intra-arterial calcium stimulation with hepatic venous sampling is recommended when non-invasive imaging modalities fail to localize the tumor. Surgical resection remains the mainstay for cure. Dietary modification and pharmacological therapy with diazoxide or somatostatin analogues are used in poor surgical candidates. Insulinoma after RYGB is rare, but needs to be considered in patients with hypoglycemia occurring in the fasting state, as this is atypical for post-bariatric hypoglycemia
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
SAT166 Elevated Insulin Autoantibody During COVID19 Illness Associated With Significant Hypoglycemia In A Type 1 Diabetic
Authors: Shewmon David A , Preston DeVon C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: D.A. Shewmon: None. D.C. Preston: None.
Background: Insulin antibodies are a rare cause of hypoglycemia in diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1). Exacerbation of this phenomenon by COVID-19 has not been previously reported. Clinical Case: A 46 year old, 60 kg female with DM1 of 19 year duration with hypoglycemic unawareness and retinopathy, who was admitted for flu-like symptoms, a blood glucose of 600 mg/dL in the absence of DKA, and COVID-19 by RT-PCR test. Hospitalization was complicated by 48 hours of hypoglycemia in the absence of insulin treatment, requiring continuous 10% dextrose infusion. Four months earlier the patient had been admitted for an undiagnosed non-COVID flu-like illness, with hypoglycemia for 60 hours in the absence of insulin treatment. Her glucose control was stable on 5 units of insulin per day at five and nine days after admission, and 25 units per day at 35 days after admission. At both admissions, the workup included a normal cortrosyn stimulation test, an undetectable C-peptide, a normal IGF-2 level, and a careful investigation to rule out evidence for self-administration of insulin. However insulin antibodies were elevated at 1.17 +/- 0.56 U/mL (n=4, normal &lt;0.4) during the non-COVID illness, and 5.0 U/mL and 5.4 U/mL, during and 35 days after the COVID-19 illness, respectively. Thus insulin antibodies were 13 times the upper limit of normal during COVID-19 illness versus 2.9 times the upper limit of normal during the non-COVID-19 illness. Viral infection is one of the most significant environmental factors that may cause overstimulation of the immune system and has been shown to be associated with autoantibody generation and increase, in addition to autoimmune diseases. Known cytokine profiles on COVID-19 infections include IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha. The presence of IL-1 and TNF-alpha in particular, are known to be key pro-inflammatory cytokines in myriad autoimmune disorders. In vitro data suggest that IL-1 is also an important effector cytokine in DM1, through a number of direct (i.e., beta cell toxicity) and indirect means (i.e., by marking beta cells for Fas-dependent destruction by autoreactive cytotoxic T-lymphocytes). Conclusion: Our data could represent another example of the exacerbation of autoimmunity associated with COVID-19. The increases in the incidence of both autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases seen with COVID-19 suggest one of the conceptual frameworks for creating hypotheses regarding the nature of the Long COVID syndrome.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
SAT442 Increased Prevalence Of Precocious Puberty: What Is The Influence Of Endocrine Disruptors?
Authors: Lopes Bastos Dyrlanne Marcia , Da Cunha Bastos João Gabriel Freira , Da Cunha Bastos Ana Clara Freire 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: D.M. Bastos: None. J.F. Bastos: None. A.F. Bastos: None.
Central precocious puberty (CPP) is defined by the onset of the pubertal process before 8 years old in girls and 9 years old in boys. Its main form is idiopathic, and its etiology is still unknown. Thus, several studies point to possible causative factors, from gestational age at birth to hormonal disruptors. Therefore, this work aims to collect the prevalence for the evaluation of the childrens profile who have this pathology in a private clinic in Brasília. Methodology: This is a retrospective and observational study that aims to evaluate the prevalence and analysis of the medical records of children with precocious puberty in a pediatric endocrinology clinic in the Federal District between 2020 and 2021. The medical records of children with genetic syndromes were excluded. Biological, family, nutritional variables and complementary exams were analyzed. Results: The following main characteristics were identified: higher prevalence in girls (90.6%), 23% had a body weight greater than expected for their age, the majority (80.3%) were diagnosed between 8 and 12 years and a difference of 6.7 centimeters was observed between target height and predicted final height according to bone age. Conclusion: The study concluded that among the patients with CPP, the majority were girls and almost quarter of the childrens were obese or overweight. A difference of almost 7 centimeters was found between the predicted final height and the target height of these patients, showing the need for investigation and early diagnosis of this condition.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023