bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of kidney, liver, and simultaneous liver and kidney transplants from hepatitis c infected donors to hepatitis c naïve recipients: A large single center experience
Authors: Elbeshbeshy Hany , Modi Neal , Patel Twinkle , Matthews Ian , Kampert Timothy , Lee Jaenic , Okeke Raymond , Caliskan Yasar , Fleetwood Vidyaratna , Varma Chintalapati , Gabris Brittney , Bastani Bahar , Abu Al Rub Fadee , Guenette Alexis , Befeler Alex , Agbim Uchenna , Desai Roshani , Alsabbagh Eyad , Qureshi Kamran , Schnitzler Mark , Lentine Krista L. , Randall Henry B. , Nazzal Mustafa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the introduction of direct‐acting antiviral therapies (DAAs), the non‐use rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐positive donor organs (D+) has decreased significantly. We present the donor, recipient, and transplant allograft characteristics, along with recipient outcomes, in one of the largest cohorts of HCV‐D+ transplants into HCV‐naïve recipients (R−).MethodsCharts of HCV D+/R− kidney (KT), liver (LT), and simultaneous liver‐kidney (SLKT) transplant recipients between January 2019 and July 2022 were reviewed. Primary outcomes of interest included waitlist times and 1‐year graft failure. Secondary outcomes included hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, post‐transplant complications, effectiveness of DAA therapy, and characteristics of patients who relapsed from initial DAA therapy.ResultsFifty‐five HCV D+/R− transplants at our center [42 KT (26 nucleic acid testing positive [NAT+], 16 NAT−), 12 LT (eight NAT+, four NAT−), and one SLKT (NAT+)] had a median waitlist time of 69 days for KT, 87 days for LT, and 15 days for SLKT. There were no graft failures at 1 year. All viremic recipients were treated with a 12‐week course of DAAs, of which 100% achieved end of treatment response (EOTR)—85.7% (n = 30) achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) and 14.3% relapsed (n = 5; four KT, one LT). All relapsed recipients were retreated and achieved SVR. The most common post‐transplantation complications include BK virus infection (n = 9) for KT and non‐allograft infections (n = 4) for LT.ConclusionsOur study has demonstrated no graft failures or recipient deaths at 1 year, and despite a 14.3% relapse rate, we achieved 100% SVR. Complications rates of D+/R− appeared comparable to national D−/R− complication rates. Further studies comparing D+/R− to D−/R− outcomes are needed.
Q&A
Authors: Flowers Woodie , Greenberg Sarah Stein , Miller Richard K. , Datar Srikant M. 
Published: October 2023

Being a “gracious professional” is the key to leadership, whether you’re an engineer, a scientist, or an MIT professor.As managing director of Stanford University's d.school, this Renaissance woman spends her time developing “adaptive learners.”Olin College's first president (and first employee) has plenty to say about engineering—and education.Rethinking the MBA at Harvard Business School.
Don't Make Art, Do Industrial Design: A Voice from Industry
Authors: Kim KwanMyung , Lee Kun‐Pyo 
Published: October 2023

Industrial designers and engineering designers: Can't we all just get along? Unfortunately, when push comes to shove, it's engineering that tends to win. How can schools better prepare industrial designers for the work force?Engineering designers and industrial designers would get along much better if they shared common knowledge and common goals—long before they reached the workplace.
3D print and multi‐modality imaging guided transcatheter closure of multiple left ventricular pseudoaneurysms
Authors: Shpilsky Daniel , von Buchwald Claudia Lama , Villablanca Pedro A. , O'Neill Brian P. , Engel Gonzalez Pedro , Frisoli Tiberio , Lee James , Guruswamy Jayakar , Yeldo Nicholas , Reeser Nicholas , Song Thomas , O'Neill William W. , Wang Dee Dee 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeft ventricular pseudoaneurysm (PSA) after surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) is a known but uncommon complication. It is associated with risks such as thromboembolism and life‐threatening rupture. Surgical repair has traditionally been utilized in low‐risk patients but transcatheter closure has become a promising therapeutic option. This case report describes the utility of multimodality imaging in pre‐, intra‐, and post‐procedural evaluation of transcatheter PSA closure and is among the first to demonstrate the utility of 3D print model.
Beyond simple adaptation: Incorporating other evolutionary processes and concepts into eco‐evolutionary dynamics
Authors: Yamamichi Masato , Ellner Stephen P. , Hairston Nelson G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudies of eco‐evolutionary dynamics have integrated evolution with ecological processes at multiple scales (populations, communities and ecosystems) and with multiple interspecific interactions (antagonistic, mutualistic and competitive). However, evolution has often been conceptualised as a simple process: short‐term directional adaptation that increases population growth. Here we argue that diverse other evolutionary processes, well studied in population genetics and evolutionary ecology, should also be considered to explore the full spectrum of feedback between ecological and evolutionary processes. Relevant but underappreciated processes include (1) drift and mutation, (2) disruptive selection causing lineage diversification or speciation reversal and (3) evolution driven by relative fitness differences that may decrease population growth. Because eco‐evolutionary dynamics have often been studied by population and community ecologists, it will be important to incorporate a variety of concepts in population genetics and evolutionary ecology to better understand and predict eco‐evolutionary dynamics in nature.
Dynamics of actomyosin filaments in the contractile ring revealed by ultrastructural analysis
Authors: Arima Takeru , Okita Keisuke , Yumura Shigehiko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCytokinesis, the final process of cell division, involves the accumulation of actin and myosin II filaments at the cell's equator, forming a contractile ring that facilitates the division into two daughter cells. While light microscopy has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of this process, it has limitations in examining individual filaments in vivo. In this study, we utilized transmission electron microscopy to observe actin and myosin II filaments in the contractile rings of dividing Dictyostelium cells. To synchronize cytokinesis, we developed a novel method that allowed us to visualize dividing cells undergoing cytokinesis with a frequency as high as 18%. This improvement enabled us to examine the lengths and alignments of individual filaments within the contractile rings. As the furrow constricted, the length of actin filaments gradually decreased. Moreover, both actin and myosin II filaments reoriented perpendicularly to the long axis during furrow constriction. Through experiments involving myosin II null cells, we discovered that myosin II plays a role in regulating both the lengths and alignments of actin filaments. Additionally, dynamin‐like protein A was found to contribute to regulating the length of actin filaments, while cortexillins were involved in regulating their alignment.
Identifying performance‐based outcome measures of physical function in people with haemophilia (IPOP)
Authors: Bladen Melanie , Harbidge Hannah , Drechsler Wendy , Duport Gaetan , Mahaffey Ryan , van der Net Janjap , Pérez‐Alenda Sofía , Sayers Fionnuala , Strike Karen , Timmer Merel , Stephensen David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionRecent recommendations of core outcome sets for haemophilia highlight the need for including measures of performance‐based physical health and physical function sustainability. To date, there is no consensus on what outcomes might be of value to clinicians and patients.AimTo identify instruments of performance‐based physical function to monitor musculoskeletal health in people with haemophilia that are practical in the clinical setting.MethodsUtilising components from the Activities and Participation Category of the WHO International Classification of Functioning (WHO‐ICF), a consensus‐based, decision analysis approach was used to: identify activities people with haemophilia have most difficulty performing; identify quantitative performance‐based measures of identified activities via a scoping review; and obtain views on acceptability of the tests utilising a DELPHI approach.ResultsEleven activities were identified: maintaining a standing position, walking long distances, walking up and down stairs, walking on different surfaces, running, hopping, jumping, squatting, kneeling, undertaking a complex lower limb task, undertaking a complex upper limb task. Following a 2‐round DELPHI survey of international physiotherapists, the 6‐min walk test, timed up and down stairs, 30‐s sit to stand, single leg stance, tandem stance, single hop for distance (children only) and timed up and go (adults only) reached consensus.ConclusionThis study is the first step in defining a core set of performance‐based instruments to monitor physical health and sustainability of physical function outcomes in people with haemophilia. Establishing the psychometric properties of the instruments and whether they are meaningful to people with haemophilia is essential.
A new criterion including the aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index and liver and spleen stiffness to rule out varices needing treatment in children with biliary atresia: Modification of the Baveno VII criteria
Authors: Yokoyama Shinya , Ishizu Yoji , Honda Takashi , Imai Norihiro , Ito Takanori , Yamamoto Kenta , Muto Hisanori , Shirota Chiyoe , Tainaka Takahisa , Sumida Wataru , Makita Satoshi , Takada Shunya , Nakagawa Yoichi , Maeda Takuya , Nakamura Masanao , Ishigami Masatoshi , Uchida Hiroo , Kawashima Hiroki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsBiliary atresia (BA) is a congestive biliary disease that develops in the neonatal period or early infancy. It may present with portal hypertension and varices needing treatment (VNT) even after successful Kasai portoenterostomy. This study aimed to stratify the risk of VNT in children and adolescents with BA.MethodsIn this prospective cross‐sectional study, we measured liver stiffness (LS) and spleen stiffness (SS) by two‐dimensional shear wave elastography and checked for VNT endoscopically in 53 patients with BA who attended for follow‐up between July 2018 and September 2022. Varices needing treatment were defined as large esophageal varices, esophageal varices of any size with red color signs, and/or gastric varices along the cardia.ResultsTwenty‐five patients (aged 0–18 years) had VNT. Eighteen patients met the Baveno VI criteria (LS <20 kPa; platelet count >150 000/L) and were deemed to be at low risk of VNT (spared endoscopies) while three had missed VNT (16.7%). Applying the Baveno VII criteria, which combines the SS cut‐off value of 40 kPa with the Baveno VI criteria, resulted in five missed VNTs among 22 spared endoscopies (22.7%). A modification of the Baveno VII criteria using the aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI) instead of the platelet count with cut‐off values of 25 kPa, 30 kPa, and 1.04 for LS, SS, and APRI, respectively, missed only one VNT (5.0%) among 20 spared endoscopies.ConclusionsA novel diagnostic criterion that combines LS, SS, and APRI reduced the risk of missing VNT to 5% in children and adolescents with BA.
GROWTH, HOUSING, AND GLOBAL IMBALANCES
Authors: FRANJO LUIS , LAMBERTINI LUISA , STEPANCHUK SERHIY 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the decade leading to the Great Recession, the United States experienced rising house prices and current account deficits, whereas China and other fast‐growing Asian economies saw rising house prices accompanied by current account surpluses. To explain these differences, we study a transition path in a two‐country life‐cycle model with housing once the two economies become financially integrated. We allow for asymmetries in productivity growth, the loan‐to‐value ratio, the life‐cycle wage profile, and the population structure across countries. Our findings highlight that differences in the life‐cycle pattern of the wage income profile are key to obtaining our results.
Delamination mitigation in additively manufactured Al2O3 via enhanced thermal postprocessing
Authors: Lam Benjamin C. , Kassner Christopher T. , Kemp James W. , Leicht Bryan T. , Bohan Brian T. , Rueschhoff Lisa M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractManufacturing thick (>10 mm) alumina (Al2O3) parts through the ceramic additive manufacturing technique of digital light processing (DLP) is difficult due to the large amount of polymer that must be removed. Nearly 35–65 vol% of a fugitive UV‐curable polymer is used in commercial ceramic slurries in order to maintain shape through the DLP process. During the thermal debind, gases form and escape quickly due to pressure build‐up, leading to defects in the form of print layer delamination. Here, we analyze the polymer decomposition through thermogravimetric analysis in order to design a less aggressive thermal debind schedule through strategic thermal holds and decreased heating rates. The new schedule led to a 83% reduction in average delaminations per sample (from 6.9 delaminations per sample to 1.2 delaminations per sample) and up to a 100% increase in wall thickness (from nominally 10–20 mm). A complex, Al2O3 turbine rotor (with maximum wall thickness of 5 mm in the center hub section) of a JetCat P400 engine was fabricated to compare the new schedule to the manufacturer provided one. The improved thermal debind schedule produced a turbine rotor with no observable delamination defects.
Effect of BPO4 on phase transition behavior and sintering of quartz materials
Authors: Li Jialu , Li Yuanbing , Li Shujing , Wang Hailu , Qiao Zhe , Xiang Kun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn order to inhibit the phase transition of quartz, the effects of BPO4 addition and sintering temperature on the structure and properties of quartz materials were studied. The results showed that the addition of 5 wt.% BPO4 successfully inhibited the formation of cristobalite. Samples with 5 wt.% BPO4 added exhibited the high cold modulus of rupture (15.59 MPa) and bulk density (1.92 g/cm3) sintered at 1200°C–1400°C. In addition, BPO4 formed a glass phase sintered at 1200°C–1400°C and distributed between SiO2 particles, filling pores and densifying the material. Therefore, the prepared quartz‐based ceramics with BPO4 have broad potential in the field of medium and high temperatures, and can be applied to aerospace and other fields.
Survival and division fate programs are preserved but retuned during the naïve to memory CD8+ T‐cell transition
Authors: Heinzel Susanne , Cheon HoChan , Belz Gabrielle T , Hodgkin Philip D 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMemory T cells are generated from naïve precursors undergoing proliferation during the initial immune response. Both naïve and memory T cells are maintained in a resting, quiescent state and respond to activation with a controlled proliferative burst and differentiation into effector cells. This similarity in the maintenance and response dynamics points to the preservation of key cellular fate programs; however, whether memory T cells have acquired intrinsic changes in these programs that may contribute to the enhanced immune protection in a recall response is not fully understood. Here we used a quantitative model–based analysis of proliferation and survival kinetics of in vitro–stimulated murine naïve and memory CD8+ T cells in response to homeostatic and activating signals to establish intrinsic similarities or differences within these cell types. We show that resting memory T cells display heightened sensitivity to homeostatic cytokines, responding to interleukin (IL)‐2 in addition to IL‐7 and IL‐15. The proliferative response to αCD3 was equal in size and kinetics, demonstrating that memory T cells undergo the same controlled division burst and automated return to quiescence as naïve T cells. However, perhaps surprisingly, we observed reduced expansion of αCD3‐stimulated memory T cells in response to activating signals αCD28 and IL‐2 compared with naïve T cells. Overall, we demonstrate that although sensitivities to cytokine and costimulatory signals have shifted, fate programs regulating the scale of the division burst are conserved in memory T cells.
Reported speech in individuals with Down syndrome: First evidence
Authors: Neitzel Isabel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionNarratives are enriched by taking the perspective of the protagonists, which can be expressed using reported speech. Nevertheless, the use of reported speech is unaddressed internationally among individuals with Down syndrome.MethodNarratives of 28 children and adolescents with Down syndrome were collected using a non‐verbal picture book. Occurrence and forms of reported speech were analysed and compared to typically‐developing children (TD; n = 33).ResultsParticipants from both populations use reported speech in their narratives with a comparable proportion. Nevertheless, differences appear concerning forms of direct speech with persons with Down syndrome using more free direct speech than TD‐children.DiscussionThe results suggest that children and adolescents are able to implement the use of reported speech regardless of their syntactic impairments. Concerning the occurring forms of direct speech, the results might point to cognitive impairments that manifest in limited consideration of the interlocutor's knowledge.
Functional diversity and community convergence of land snails in the Aegean Sea islands
Authors: Proios Konstantinos , Maroulis Leonidas , Rigal François , Matthews Thomas J. , Cameron Robert A. D. , Sfenthourakis Spyros , Whittaker Robert J. , Vardinoyannis Katerina , Mylonas Moissis , Triantis Kostas A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimIsland biological communities are considered to comprise non‐random assemblages from surrounding source pools, but whether they converge towards predictable structural properties remains unclear. Here, we (i) test whether insular communities of land snails converge towards similar functional and/or taxonomic properties and (ii) evaluate whether island functional diversity is determined by island biogeographical characteristics such as area and distance to the pool as well as human‐related variables.LocationSixty‐six continental Aegean islands.TaxonLand snails.MethodsWe compiled a database of two morphological traits with functional significance (shell height and width) for 163 island species and 1529 species from the major species pools. We quantified inter‐specific morphological dissimilarity between pairs of islands (turnover), using a modified index of the mean nearest taxon distance. We tested for functional and taxonomic convergence using null models and assessing whether overall mean turnover among islands and pairwise island‐by‐island turnover were lower than expected by chance. We performed multiple regression analyses to test whether functional diversity metrics scale with island biogeographical characteristics and human‐related variables.ResultsOur analyses provide strong evidence that communities of land snails across the Aegean islands converge towards non‐random functional properties and taxonomic structure. At the island level, a wide range of different shell shapes is observed, indicating greater functional richness than expected by chance. Regression analyses showed that island area is the only efficient predictor of functional diversity, indicating that available ecological/resource space is of central importance in driving the assembly of different shell shapes.Main ConclusionsOur findings, consistent with previous studies of other taxa from oceanic islands, highlight that island species communities are not randomly assembled and display convergence in their functional and taxonomic composition. Integrating functional diversity metrics within biogeographic analyses has the potential to further our understanding of island biodiversity patterns.
Biogeographical variation in migratory patterns of palearctic breeding Greater White‐fronted Geese
Authors: Zhang Junjian , Deng Xueqin , Zhao Qingshan , Solovyeva Diana , Kölzsch Andrea , Bysykatova‐Harmey Inga , Xu Zhenggang , Xie Yanbo , Kruckenberg Helmut , Cao Lei , Fox Anthony David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimContinental comparisons of migration strategies within and between populations of single species are rare but can be insightful to understand key environmental factors shaping differences in migration systems. We investigated differences in stopover networks and migration strategies between three separate Eurasia Greater White‐fronted Geese (GWFG) Anser albifrons populations to better understand how each overcomes the different topographic challenges faced along their migration routes during spring and autumn.LocationEurasia.TaxonBirds.MethodsUsing 106 (autumn) and 65 (spring) tracks from tagged GWFG from three Eurasian populations (Baltic‐North Sea [BNS] in the west; East Asia Continental [EAC] and West Pacific [WP] in the east), we generated stopover networks, calculated network metrics, quantified migration parameters and compared variation between populations and seasons.ResultsBNS showed largest network size, shortest average geodesic distance in both seasons, shortest migration distances, most stopover sites, longest stopover duration and shortest step length. EAC showed longest migration distance and second maximal flight length (>1600 km). WP showed shortest migration durations and longest maximal flight length (>2500 km). Summering ground arrival dates did not differ between populations. Autumn migration duration was shorter and migration speed faster than in spring in all populations.Main ConclusionsWe infer lack of obvious ecological barriers to BNS geese shapes their frequent stopovers of short duration. In contrast, EAC geese face two major ecological barriers (3100 km boreal forest, high mountains, dense human settlement and ocean) and WP geese must pass c. 2400 km of forest, mountains and ocean along their migration corridors, necessitating longer staging and migration segments of greater duration. We conclude that, despite almost identical body plan, all populations respond to radically different topographic challenges, adapting to meet these using different movement strategies, balancing migration schedule and fat accumulation patterns with availability and quality of stopovers.
Detecting Multidimensional DIF in Polytomous Items with IRT Methods and Estimation Approaches
Authors: Yavuz Temel Güler 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate multidimensional DIF with a simple and nonsimple structure in the context of multidimensional Graded Response Model (MGRM). This study examined and compared the performance of the IRT‐LR and Wald test using MML‐EM and MHRM estimation approaches with different test factors and test structures in simulation studies and applying real data sets. When the test structure included two dimensions, the IRT‐LR (MML‐EM) generally performed better than the Wald test and provided higher power rates. If the test included three dimensions, the methods provided similar performance in DIF detection. In contrast to these results, when the number of dimensions in the test was four, MML‐EM estimation completely lost precision in estimating the nonuniform DIF, even with large sample sizes. The Wald with MHRM estimation approaches outperformed the Wald test (MML‐EM) and IRT‐LR (MML‐EM). The Wald test had higher power rate and acceptable type I error rates for nonuniform DIF with the MHRM estimation approach.The small and/or unbalanced sample sizes, small DIF magnitudes, unequal ability distributions between groups, number of dimensions, estimation methods and test structure were evaluated as important test factors for detecting multidimensional DIF.