bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of total dissolved gas supersaturation and flow velocity on survival and swimming ability of juvenile Schizothorax prenanti
Authors: Yuan Quan , Du Jun , Li Kefeng , Wang Yuanming , Liang Ruifeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although developing large-scale hydropower cascades in the upper Yangtze River effectively improves the hydropower resource utilization, it produces total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation. In the flood season, the high level of TDG supersaturation (TDGS) frequently occurs in the downstream of dams, causing migratory fish to suffer from gas bubble trauma (GBT) and reducing their survival and swimming ability. Currently, there is a deficiency in particular approaches to evaluate the ecological hazard posed by TDGS on migratory fish as they traverse different flow velocities within their migratory routes. This study assessed the vulnerability of juvenile Schizothorax prenanti (S. prenanti) to GBT from the static setting to 9.0 BL/s during exposure to nominal levels of 100%, 110%, 120% and 130% TDG. The mortality occurs when the flow velocity surpasses 6.0 and 7.5 BL/s in 100% and 110% TDG levels, respectively. For fish exposed to 120% and 130% TDG levels, the relationship between survival time and flow velocity is an approximately inverse bell-shaped curve with increasing velocity. The optimal velocity of maximal survival time of juvenile S. prenanti is 3.0 and 4.5 BL/s in 120% and 130% TDG-supersaturated water. Both TDG level and flow velocity significantly affect burst swimming speed (Uburst) and critical swimming speed (Ucrit). The cases involving GBT showed substantial declines in Uburst and Ucrit, exceeding 6.0 BL/s and TDG levels greater than 120%. The results may contribute to formulating a specific management strategy for hydropower operation during the migratory period and conserving vulnerable species in the Yangtze River.
Differential heat shock protein responses in two species of Pacific salmon and their utility in identifying heat stress
Authors: von Biela Vanessa R , Regish Amy M , Bowen Lizabeth , Stanek Ashley E , Waters Shannon , Carey Michael P , Zimmerman Christian E , Gerken Jonathon , Rinella Daniel , McCormick Stephen D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rapid and accelerating warming of salmon habitat has the potential to lower productivity of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus species) populations. Heat stress biomarkers can indicate where warming is most likely affecting fish populations; however, we often lack clear classifications that separate individuals with and without heat stress needed to make these tools operational. We conducted a heat exposure experiment with trials lasting 12 or 36 h using juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to validate heat stress biomarkers in white muscle. Following habituation to 13°C, individuals were exposed to water temperatures that increased to 15°C, 17°C, 19°C, 21°C or 23°C. Heat shock protein 70 abundance (HSP70 measured by ELISA) and transcription of 13 genes (mRNA measured by qPCR) including three heat shock protein genes (hsp70, hsp90, hsp27) were measured. A distinct heat stress response was apparent by 21°C in juvenile Chinook salmon and 23°C in juvenile coho salmon using HSP70. A threshold for heat stress classification in Chinook salmon of &gt; 2 ng HSP70 mg.1 total protein identified heat stress in 100% of 21 and 23°C treated individuals compared to 4% in cooler treatments. For coho salmon, &gt; 3 ng HSP70 mg.1 total protein identified heat stress in 100% of 23°C treated individuals compared to 4% in cooler treatments. Transcription from a panel of genes separated individuals between cooler and stressful temperature experiences (≥21°C for Chinook salmon and ≥23°C for coho salmon) with ~ 85% correct classification. Our findings indicate that juvenile Chinook salmon were more temperature-sensitive than juvenile coho salmon and support the use of a HSP70 threshold sampled from muscle for assessing heat stress in individual wild Pacific salmon with an option for non-lethal biopsies for spawning adults.
Soil moisture and temperature drive emergence delays associated with fire seasonality in eucalypt forests
Authors: Ryan Casey , Callow John Nikolaus , Lewandrowski Wolfgang , Tangney Ryan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Many ecosystems are well adapted to fire, although the impacts of fire seasonality and its effect on post-fire recruitment are less well understood. Late summer or autumn fires within eucalypt forests with a Mediterranean-type climate allow for seedling emergence during the cooler and wetter seasons. The emergence and survival after spring fires may be impacted by higher soil temperatures and water stress, delaying recruitment until the subsequent winter period. During this delay, seeds may be exposed to predation and decay, which reduce the viable seed bank. This study examines post-fire recruitment dynamics in a eucalypt forest ecosystem (Northern Jarrah Forest (NJF) of southwestern Western Australia) and whether it may be vulnerable to human-induced changes to fire season. Here, we compare in situ post-fire seedling emergence patterns between autumn and spring burns and account for a potential ecological mechanism driving seasonal differences in emergence by determining the thermal germination requirements of seeds for 15 common species from the NJF. Our results demonstrate that 93% of species had thermal optima between 10°C and 20°C, analogous with soil temperatures measured during the germination window (late April to October). Concurrent in situ post-fire emergence was highest 144 days after an autumn (seasonal) fire, followed by a 10–72% decline. In contrast, there was no emergence within the first 200 days following a spring (aseasonal) fire. We conclude that aseasonal fire in the NJF can lead to a complete delay in recruitment in the first season post-fire, resulting in a lower inter-fire growth period and increasing the potential for further reductions in recruitment through seed predation and decay. The study suggests that aseasonal fire has an immediate and significant impact on initial recruitment in the NJF, but further research is required to determine any longer-term effects of this delay and its implications for fire management in southwestern Western Australia.
Female agents of Hell, Stoic luxury, and failing leaders: Erictho, Tisiphone, and the female gaze in Lucan, Statius, Dante, and Boccaccio
Authors: Anagnostou-Laoutides Eva 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Underworld imagery developed by Lucan (BC 6.507–830), Statius (Th. 4.345–645), Valerius Flaccus (Arg. 1.827–50), and Silius Italicus (Pun. 2 and 13) to reprove Rome’s power-hungry leaders, accused of the death of thousands in civil war battles, excited the imagination of Christian writers such as Lactantius, Ausonius, Jerome, and the Spanish Presbyter Iuvencus. The article explores the investment of this imagery with the Stoic notion of excess (luxury) and its impact on defining the Christian concept of sin as received and further developed by Dante and Boccaccio. So far, scholarly discussion has tended to focus on the Homeric overcoat of pietas and its opposite furor, which under the influence of Posidonius (135–51 BCE), came to be associated with traditional Roman virtues. Instead, I here focus on Erictho (Lucan) and Tisiphone (Statius) as symbols of sinful temptation and effeminizing excess (luxury), typically gripping its victims through the eyes. In response to these infernal female figures, Dante and Boccaccio attributed epic proportions to ethical life, turning it into a canvas on which they debated the Christian moral code of their times. The gendered principles underpinning sinful excess in both pagan and Christian authors are discussed, alongside the role of poetry in counter-proposing the figures of Piety and Clemency.
Free to Be! Youth Participatory Action Research as a Promotive Context for Black Youth Development
Authors: Rowan Jazlyn N , Palmer Ja’Toria S , Johnson Casey Ellis , Riley Tennisha N 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The U.S. education system often functions as an adverse developmental context for Black students. Discriminatory policies and racist ideologies contribute to a series of cascading inequities in students' learning experiences. For example, years of data indicate an overrepresentation of Black students suspended and/or expelled from school. Moreover, Black Americans’ experiences and contributions to U.S. society are often left out of curricula, compounding the physical exclusion of Black students from classrooms with the exclusion of their experiences. While such contexts inhibit learning and growth at critical developmental stages, the out-of-school time (OST) context can amplify the voices of Black students and support their learning and development in ways that address these exclusionary practices. Specifically, youth participatory action research (YPAR) during OST is an important critical pedagogical approach that provides a safe context for Black students to engage in challenging oppressive policies and practices within schools. The current study engages four Black/African American youth (aged 15–18 years old) in YPAR and positions youth as active learners and experts in their learning and developmental growth. Findings suggest an equitable OST context can contribute to our understanding of Black students' experiences in school and the co-creation of solutions for a more just learning environment.
Epigenetic and Metabolic Reprogramming of Fibroblasts in Crohn’s Disease Strictures Reveals Histone Deacetylases as Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Lewis Amy , Humphreys David T , Pan-Castillo Belen , Berti Giulio , Felice Carla , Gordon Hannah , Gadhok Radha , Nijhuis Anke , Mehta S Shameer , Eleid Liliane , Iqbal Sidra , Armuzzi Alessandro , Minicozzi Annamaria , Giannoulatou Eleni , ChinAleong Joanne , Feakins Roger , Sagi-Kiss Virag , Barisic Dora , Koufaki Margarita-Ioanna , Bundy Jacob G , Lindsay James O , Silver Andrew 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
No effective therapeutic intervention exists for intestinal fibrosis in Crohn’s disease [CD]. We characterized fibroblast subtypes, epigenetic and metabolic changes, and signalling pathways in CD fibrosis to inform future therapeutic strategies.

Methods
We undertook immunohistochemistry, metabolic, signalling pathway and epigenetic [Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing] analyses associated with collagen production in CCD-18Co intestinal fibroblasts and primary fibroblasts isolated from stricturing [SCD] and non-stricturing [NSCD] CD small intestine. SCD/NSCD fibroblasts were cultured with TGFβ and valproic acid [VPA].

Results
Stricturing CD was characterized by distinct histone deacetylase [HDAC] expression profiles, particularly HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC7. As a proxy for HDAC activity, reduced numbers of H3K27ac+ cells were found in SCD compared to NSCD sections. Primary fibroblasts had increased extracellular lactate [increased glycolytic activity] and intracellular hydroxyproline [increased collagen production] in SCD compared to NSCD cultures. The metabolic effect of TGFβ stimulation was reversed by the HDAC inhibitor VPA. SCD fibroblasts appeared ‘metabolically primed’ and responded more strongly to both TGFβ and VPA. Treatment with VPA revealed TGFβ-dependent and TGFβ-independent Collagen-I production in CCD-18Co cells and primary fibroblasts. VPA altered the epigenetic landscape with reduced chromatin accessibility at the COL1A1 and COL1A2 promoters.

Conclusions
Increased HDAC expression profiles, H3K27ac hypoacetylation, a significant glycolytic phenotype and metabolic priming characterize SCD-derived as compared to NSCD fibroblasts. Our results reveal a novel epigenetic component to Collagen-I regulation and TGFβ-mediated CD fibrosis. HDAC inhibitor therapy may ‘reset’ the epigenetic changes associated with fibrosis.
Prevalence and prognostic impact of dynamic atrial functional mitral regurgitation assessed by isometric handgrip exercise
Authors: Spieker Maximilian , Sidabras Jonas , Lagarden Hannah , Christian Lucas , Angendohr Stephan , Zweck Elric , Bejinariu Alexandru , Veulemanns Verena , Schulze Christian , Polzin Amin , Rana Obaida , Westenfeld Ralf , Kelm Malte , Horn Patrick 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
In atrial functional mitral regurgitation (aFMR), a considerable proportion of patients displays a discrepancy between symptoms and echocardiographic findings at rest. Exercise testing plays a substantial role in assessing the haemodynamic relevance of mitral regurgitation (MR) and is recommended by current guidelines. Here, we aimed to assess the prevalence, extent, and prognostic impact of exercise-induced changes in patients with aFMR.

Methods and results
Patients with at least mild MR who underwent handgrip exercise echocardiography at the University Hospital Duesseldorf between January 2019 and September 2021 were enrolled. Patients were followed up for 1 year to assess clinical outcomes. Eighty patients with aFMR were included [median age: 80 (77–83) years; 53.8% female]. The median N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level was 1756 (1034–3340) ng/L. At rest, half of the patients (53.8%) had mild MR, 20 patients (25.0%) had moderate MR, and 17 patients (21.2%) had severe MR. In approximately every fifth patient (17.5%) with non-severe MR at rest, the MR became severe during exercise. Handgrip exercise led to a reclassification of MR severity in 28 patients (35.0%). At 1-year follow-up, adverse events occurred more often in patients with severe MR at rest (76.5%) and exercise-induced dynamic severe MR (66.7%) than in those with non-severe MR (28.6%; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Handgrip exercise during echocardiography revealed exercise-induced changes in aFMR in every third patient. These data may have implications for therapeutic decision-making in symptomatic patients with non-severe aFMR at rest.
Thrombus entrapment with left atrial appendage closure to facilitate early cardioversion in tachycardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: Bruno Jolie , Räber Lorenz , Schnegg Bruno , Primiceri Livia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
The aetiological spectrum of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is various. Tachycardiomyopathy is recognized as one of the cause, usually made retrospectively. In this clinical context, rhythm control with restoration of sinus rhythm is considered crucial to minimize ventricular function damage and allow contractility recovery. However, the presence of a thrombus in the left atrial appendage is a limiting factor, typically requiring anticoagulation until the thrombus resolves, at least 3 weeks, thus delaying the therapy.

Case summary
We present a case of 65-year-old man with diagnosis of new-onset acute symptomatic heart failure with severe reduced ejection fraction (left ventricular ejection fraction 15%), in the context of a typical tachycardic atrial flutter and concomitant thrombus in the left atrial appendage confirmed by transoesophageal echocardiography. We successfully performed a thrombus entrapment procedure by means of percutaneous left atrial appendage closure, which allowed immediate restoration of sinus rhythm through cavotricuspid isthmus ablation. After the institution of the heart failure therapy, titrated up to the maximum tolerated dose, we observed a complete restoration of left ventricular function after 6 months.

Discussion
Thrombus entrapment by means of left atrial appendage closure is a valid strategy that enables early cardioversion with arrhythmia ablation and rapid restoration of normal cardiac rhythm in severe heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, even in acute situations and typical atrial flutter.
Excimer laser coronary atherectomy with distal protection for neoatherosclerosis rupture: a case report
Authors: Watanabe Nobuhiro , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Kawahara Kunimitsu , Takaya Tomofumi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Neoatherosclerosis, a prominent contributor to in-stent restenosis (ISR), persists as a formidable challenge during percutaneous coronary intervention. Excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) and embolic protection devices may help reduce coronary flow disturbance from procedure-related distal embolization.

Case summary
A 71-year-old man experienced in-stent neoatherosclerosis rupture–related non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Multidisciplinary intracoronary imaging, including intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography (OCT), suggested that the ISR was caused by a neoatherosclerosis rupture that can potentially lead to distal embolization. Excimer laser coronary atherectomy (fluence, 45 mJ/mm2 and frequency, 25 pulse/s) using a 1.7 mm concentric catheter was performed with distal protection using Filtrap (Nipro Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), which significantly reduced the volume of the neoatherosclerosis. However, subsequent ELCA on the highest setting (fluence, 60 mJ/mm2 and frequency, 40 pulse/s) led to a filter no-reflow phenomenon, although OCT revealed a further effective vaporization of the neoatherosclerosis and an apparent reduction of soft tissue compatible with the thrombus. After removing the embolic protection device, drug-coated balloon angioplasty provided optimal results without coronary flow disturbance.

Discussion
Excimer laser coronary atherectomy reduces soft plaque and thrombus burden, which can reduce the occurrence of distal embolization in select cases. In the case of this patient, procedure-related distal embolization may have been induced by the heightened photomechanical effects resulting from the use of the highest setting in ELCA under increased intracoronary arterial pressure caused by continuous saline injection during ELCA. Concomitant distal protection during ELCA may be more feasible for preventing coronary flow disturbance in patients with a large amount of neoatherosclerosis.
Antithrombotic therapy in patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Turgeon Ricky D , Ellis Ursula M , Barry Arden R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
The optimal antithrombotic therapy to balance the risk of thrombosis and bleeding in patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is unknown. This systematic review/network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different oral anticoagulant (OAC) and antiplatelet regimens in patients post-TAVI.

Methods and results
MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to April 2023. Co-primary outcomes were all-cause death and major bleeding. We conducted Bayesian network meta-analyses to compare all interventions simultaneously. For each outcome, we generated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% credible intervals using a random-effects model with informative priors, and ranked interventions based on mean surface under the cumulative ranking curve. We included 11 RCTs (n = 6415), including 1 unpublished RCT. Three trials enrolled patients with an indication for an OAC. Overall risk of bias was low or with some concerns. Median age was 81 years. Median follow-up was 6 months. The combination of OAC plus single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) increased the risk of all-cause death compared with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) (OR 1.78, 95% credible interval 1.15–2.77). No other comparisons for all-cause death were significantly different. For major bleeding, SAPT reduced the risk compared with DAPT, direct-acting OAC, and OAC + SAPT (OR 0.20–0.40), and DAPT reduced the risk compared with OAC + SAPT. SAPT and DAPT ranked best for all-cause death, while SAPT ranked best for major bleeding.

Conclusion
In post-TAVI patients, SAPT may provide the optimal balance of reducing thrombotic events while minimizing the risk of bleeding.
The Third World and the Quest for Reparations: Afterword to the Foreword by Antony Anghie
Authors: von Arnauld Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In his Foreword, Antony Anghie contrasts two systems of reparations: the Third World system, which is about reparations for colonial expropriation and disenfranchisement, and the Western system, according to which, in the context of decolonization, newly independent states were allowed to expropriate foreign corporations only in return for full compensation. While the Western system has been firmly anchored in international law through the law of aliens and – later – investment law, the Third World system still meets with resistance in international legal discourse. Convinced that international law should be instrumental in overcoming its own colonial origins, I attempt in the following article to explore possible legal foundations by countering the main arguments raised against demands for reparations from the global South: their disruptive effects on today’s societies, conceptual and technical legal obstacles, as well as the doctrine of non-retroactivity of the law. Not being a TWAIL scholar myself, I hope that this might serve as a constructive contribution to a common cause.
‘Well sorted and ordered’: sociable music-making and gentlemen’s recreation in the era of Byrd and Weelkes
Authors: Austern Linda Phyllis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sociable music-making from notation had become a marker of status by the time of Byrd’s and Weelkes’s printed anthologies of part-songs. However, there was ambivalence about its suitability for gentlemen in a time when ideas of manhood were undergoing redefinition and when both gender and class were reinforced through display. Men of wealth and leisure were encouraged to balance musical recreation with more physically or intellectually demanding pursuits, not let it distract from necessary obligations nor be used for excessive devotion to women. Performing music among same-sex social equals in the context of other pastimes satisfied these conditions and reinforced friendship, collaboration, healthy competition and gamesmanship. Part-songs suggesting such strenuous cooperative ventures as warfare and hunting especially bridged the gentlemen’s domains of action and intellect. Single-sex performance also provided an opportunity to contest yet reinforce masculine ideals and to play a range of gender roles among social intimates, especially through compositions which encoded notions of manliness and effeminacy or which bridged the sensory domains of sight and sound.