bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and viscoelastic properties of 3D‐printed Morinda citrifolia particle reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites
Authors: Ayyappan Vinod , Rangappa Sanjay Mavinkere , Tengsuthiwat Jiratti , Fiore Vincenzo , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe current study focuses on the development of innovative bio‐based filaments using new natural lignocellulosic particles obtained from the bark of the Morinda citrifolia L. plant as reinforcement. Polylactic acid (PLA 4043D) filaments with a diameter of 1.75 mm were produced by varying the volume fraction of M. citrifolia bark particles (MCBP) in three compositions (i.e., 0%, 3%, and 6%). These filaments were then used to print test specimens, which underwent quasi‐static mechanical tests (i.e., tensile and flexural; thermal characterization, thermo‐mechanical tests, and visco‐elastic analysis). The experimental findings demonstrated a remarkable improvement in the tensile strength (i.e., +15%) when the PLA was reinforced with 6% in volume of lignocellulosic particles. Additionally, 3% MCBP and 6% MCBP composites showed substantial increases in flexural strength and modulus (i.e., +25% and +34%), respectively; in comparison to the neat matrix. Moreover, the 3D‐printed composites exhibited significant enhancements in storage modulus, glass transition temperature, and structural stability at elevated temperatures. Hence, this work highlights the potential of the developed bio‐based filaments as feedstock filament material, enabling the production of various customized lightweight products in the automotive and sports industries like cycling helmets, protective guards, knee guards, etc.Highlights
Innovative bio‐based filaments are developed for FDM 3D printing.
Morinda citrifolia bark particles (MCBPs) reduce warping risk in PLA printing.
The hot crystallization enthalpy of PLA increases with the addition of MCBP.
6% MCBP‐PLA exhibits the best mechanical performances.
MCBP reinforcement reduces the thermal expansion of PLA.
Micro drilling characterization of the carbon and carbon–aramid (hybrid) composites
Authors: Sen Murat , Eryilmaz Oguz , Bakir Barkin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, micro‐drilling tests were carried out on composite laminates reinforced with hybrid (aramid‐carbon) and carbon fibers. Thrust force, hole quality, tool wear, and temperature parameters were measured and assessed following each drilling test. The quality of holes includes circularity, overcut, hole damage factor (HDF), and taper ratio. Micro‐drilling was performed on a CNC milling machine using 0.6 mm drill diameter, 7500 rpm, and 0.5 mm/min feed parameters. The plates are 3.05 mm (carbon fiber) and 3.45 mm (hybrid) thick. According to the results, the maximum thrust force (29.8 N) was measured in the hybrid composite due to the high fracture toughness of the aramid. In addition, it was determined that the thrust force and drill wear were related. The increase in thrust force during drilling caused an increase in drill wear values. While the average wear of the drill in carbon composite was 0.013 mm, the average wear of the drill in hybrid composite was 0.021 mm. Thrust force and tool temperatures were found to have a similar trend. The highest tool temperature was measured as 86.7°C in the hybrid composite. Hole quality results showed that drilling in carbon composite was more successful than in hybrid composite. Holes drilled in carbon composite have lower values for overcut (0.017 mm), HDF (1.028), and taper ratio (0.008). It has been understood that hole quality depends on thrust force and damage formation.Highlights
Carbon and hybrid (carbon‐aramid) composites were produced with a vacuum infusion process (VIP).
Micro‐drilling of composites was investigated focusing on thrust force, tool temperature, and hole quality.
Hybrid composites exhibited greater thrust forces due to their higher toughness compared to carbon composites.
Hybrid composites showed higher maximum tool temperatures compared to carbon composites.
The carbon composites exhibited better hole quality compared to the hybrid composites.
Idiopathic basal ganglia calcification presenting with obsessive‐compulsive symptoms: A case report
Authors: Yoshioka Daisuke , Yamanashi Takehiko , Taneda Kenta , Matsukawa Takashi , Orimo Kenta , Iwata Masaaki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC), also known as Farh's disease, is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by calcification of the basal ganglia and other brain regions. This disease usually occurs in middle‐aged patients and presents with various neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The exact prevalence is unknown; however, population genomic data analysis suggests a prevalence of at least 4.5/10,000 to 3.3/1000, indicating that the disease is more common than previously thought and remains underdiagnosed.Case PresentationWe report the case of a middle‐aged Japanese man who attempted suicide twice because of obsessive‐compulsive ideation caused by trivial triggers. The patient's psychiatric symptoms resolved relatively quickly after hospitalization, and imaging and genetic testing led to a diagnosis of IBGC.ConclusionThis case report illustrates the importance of including IBGC in the differential diagnosis of psychiatric symptoms that initially develop in middle‐aged patients.
A method for manufacturing a mechanically strong and durable hybrid structure of polyethylene–hydroxyapatite composite and titanium alloy
Authors: Oliveira G. H. M. , Morozo M. A. , Fiori M. A. , Canto L. B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe integration of polymer, metal, and ceramic materials in hybrid structures represents a potential but underexplored alternative for biomedical applications. Here, we present a methodology for manufacturing a mechanically strong and durable hybrid overlap structure from a composite of green high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and hydroxyapatite (HA) compatibilized with HDPE‐g‐MAH joined to a substrate of Ti6Al4V alloy. This process involves laser structuring of micro‐scale grooves on the metal surface, followed by injection overmolding of the polymer composite. A hybrid overlap joint with strong interfacial anchoring was achieved, resulting in outstanding joining strength and fatigue life. This achievement holds significant promise for future biomedical applications.Highlights
Joining of composite of HDPE–HA with Ti6Al4V alloy via injection overmolding
Laser texturing was effective in improving mechanical interlocking
A hybrid joint with high shear strength and fatigue life was developed
The hybrid joint is promising for biomedical applications
A review of the optimization of thyroid function, thrombophilia, immunity and uterine milieu: OPTIMUM treatment strategy for recurrent implantation failure and recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Kuroda Keiji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAside from embryonic factors, various factors can intricately interfere with embryo implantation and maintenance of pregnancy, causing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) or recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). This review focuses the optimization of thyroid function, thrombophilia, immunity, and uterine milieu (OPTIMUM) treatment strategy on RIF and RPL.MethodsThree studies employing the OPTIMUM treatment strategy for patients with RIF and/or RPL were reviewed.ResultsThe OPTIMUM improved pregnancy rates in women with RIF aged <40 years. Among advanced age women, however, no significant differences in pregnancy rates were observed between the control, OPTIMUM, and preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT‐A) groups, although pregnancy rates were highest after OPTIMUM + PGT‐A. The OPTIMUM reduced miscarriage rates in women with RPL aged <40 years. Among advanced age women, PGT‐A, but not the OPTIMUM, contributed to miscarriage prevention. Factors predicting pregnancy success in women with RIF who received the OPTIMUM included thrombophilia and young age. Risk factors for an unsuccessful live birth among women with RPL who received the OPTIMUM included advanced age, infertility, diminished ovarian reserve, and non‐ART treatment.ConclusionsThe OPTIMUM can improve pregnancy outcomes in women with RIF/RPL, except for advanced age women with embryonic factor‐induced reproductive failure.
The inside track: Entrepreneurs' corporate experience and startups' access to incumbent partners' resources
Authors: Balachandran Sarath 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryStartups are increasingly turning to incumbent firms for venture capital, anticipating access to the investor's knowledge and complementary assets. However, startups' eventual access to these resources varies widely. This article highlights one important driver of such variance, whether startups' managers were previously employed by an incumbent in the same industry. Using data from the life sciences, I find that such corporate experience can precipitate technical knowledge flows to startups by enabling the generation of relational capital with incumbent firm managers. It also helps startups navigate incumbents' decision‐processes to formalize access to downstream complementary assets via alliances. The former effect is stronger when corporate experience is technology‐focused, the latter when it is commercialization‐focused. Corporate experience at the investing incumbent firm amplifies informal knowledge‐flows but not formal alliances.Managerial SummaryStartups typically expect corporate venture capital investors to facilitate access to resources these investors' parent companies control. However, such resource‐access often does not materialize, with startups struggling to navigate the large, complex organizations within which these resources are located. I identify an important driver of variance in such resource‐access. Prior experience working in an established company in the same industry enhances startup leaders' ability to informally tap into corporate investors' technical knowledge, and to formalize alliances to access corporate investors' go‐to‐market assets. Technology‐focused experience is especially helpful with the former, and commercialization‐focused experience with the latter. Such access is more likely to enable exit for the startup if the established firm has direct experience in the specific product markets the startup is focusing on.
CeO2‐Based Frustrated Lewis Pairs via Defective Engineering: Formation Theory, Site Characterization, and Small Molecule Activation
Authors: Jing Run , Lu Xuebin , Wang Jingfei , Xiong Jian , Qiao Yina , Zhang Rui , Yu Zhihao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractActivation of small molecules is considered to be a central concern in the theoretical investigation of environment‐ and energy‐related catalytic conversions. Sub‐nanostructured frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) have been an emerging research hotspot in recent years due to their advantages in small molecule activation. Although the progress of catalytic applications of FLPs is increasingly reported, the fundamental theories related to the structural formation, site regulation, and catalytic mechanism of FLPs have not yet been fully developed. Given this, it is attempted to demonstrate the underlying theory of FLPs formation, corresponding regulation methods, and its activation mechanism on small molecules using CeO2 as the representative metal oxide. Specifically, this paper presents three fundamental principles for constructing FLPs on CeO2 surfaces, and feasible engineering methods for the regulation of FLPs sites are presented. Furthermore, cases where typical small molecules (e.g., hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane oxygen, etc.) are activated over FLPs are analyzed. Meanwhile, corresponding future challenges for the development of FLPs‐centered theory are presented. The insights presented in this paper may contribute to the theories of FLPs, which can potentially provide inspiration for the development of broader environment‐ and energy‐related catalysis involving small molecule activation.
Anticoagulant therapy without bleeding: A novel molybdenum‐based nanodots alleviate lethal coagulation in bacterial sepsis by inhibiting ROS‐facilitated caspase‐11 activation
Authors: Yuan Chuang , Xiao Qicai , Chen Qiaohui , Huang Qiong , Ai Kelong , Yang Xinyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSepsis is a leading cause of death worldwide. This syndrome is commonly accompanied by overactivation of coagulation, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammatory cytokine storm. Notably, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) accounts for around 40% of sepsis‐associated deaths. However, anticoagulant therapy is still difficult for sepsis treatment because of the lethal bleeding side effects. Although the relationship between ROS and inflammatory cytokine storm has been described clearly, the pathogenic role of ROS in DIC, however, is still unclear, which renders novel therapeutic approaches hard to achieve bedside for inhibiting DIC. Herein, our new finding reveals that ROS greatly facilitates the entry of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the macrophage cytoplasm, which subsequently activates the caspase‐11/gasdermin D pathway, and finally induces DIC through phosphatidylserine exposure. Based on this finding, novel gallic acid‐modified Mo‐based polyoxometalate dots (M‐dots) with outstanding antioxidant activity are developed to provide ideal and efficient inhibition of DIC. As expected, M‐dots are capable of markedly inhibiting sepsis‐caused coagulation, organ injury, and death in sepsis. This therapeutic strategy, blocking the upstream pathway of coagulation rather than coagulation itself, can avoid the side effects of extensive bleeding caused by conventional anticoagulation therapy, and will provide a new avenue for the efficient treatment of sepsis.
3D Cell Culture Method in Channel‐Free Water‐in‐Oil Droplets
Authors: Bae Seo Jun , Choi Seung Hui , Im Do Jin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA new channel‐free water‐in‐oil (WO) droplet 3D cell culture method is proposed to address the challenges while maintaining the advantages of the conventional 3D cell culture methods. The proposed WO method can fundamentally solve the constraint of spheroids size, a common challenge in conventional 3D culture, by using droplet size controllability. The 3D cell culture performance of the WO method is verified by comparing it with the conventional 3D cell culture methods. A systematic investigation of the culture conditions of the WO method confirms the working range of cell concentration and droplet size, as well as the scalability of spheroid size. Adjusting droplet size and cell concentration enables rapid spheroid formation with large and high cell concentration droplets or fast spheroid growth with small and low cell concentration droplets, providing control over the spheroid size and growth rate according to the purpose. Furthermore, long‐term culture is demonstrated for 1 month with the proposed method, showing the largest spheroid culture and demonstrating the possibility that this method can be used not only for spheroid formation but also for organoid studies. Finally, if a WO‐based automated 3D cell culture system is developed, it will be a useful tool for organoid research.
Softplus negative binomial network autoregression
Authors: Guo Xiangyu , Zhu Fukang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractModelling multivariate time series of counts in a parsimonious way is a popular topic. In this paper, we consider an integer‐valued network autoregressive model with a non‐random neighbourhood structure, which uses negative binomial distribution as the conditional marginal distribution and the softplus function as the link function. The new model generalizes existing ones in the literature and has a great flexibility in modelling. Stationary conditions in cases of fixed dimension and increasing dimension are given. Parameters are estimated by maximizing the quasi‐likelihood function, and related asymptotic properties of the estimators are established. A simulation study is conducted to assess performances of the estimators, and a real data example is analysed to show superior performances of the proposed model compared with existing ones.
Experimental and analytical investigation of a model towards predicting the compressive stress–strain behavior of Graded Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GGFRC) using fiber reinforcing index
Authors: Kasagani Hanuma , Prathipati S. R. R. Teja , Koniki Srikanth , Rao C. B. K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe stress–strain behavior of graded glass fiber reinforced concrete (GGFRC) is a crucial factor in its performance and appropriateness for diverse applications. In the present study, experimental and analytical methods were used to develop a model for the stress–strain behavior of GGFRC under uniaxial loading. The experimental program is designed to investigate the impact of mono glass fibers (3, 6, 12, and 20 mm) with varying volume fractions (0.1%–0.5%) and graded glass fibers (combinations of 3 + 6 + 12 + 20 mm) on the behavior of concrete of M50 grade. By grading glass fiber lengths in the concrete, GGFRC's pre‐peak strength and post‐peak deformation have increased, allowing the composite to control the various scales of cracking. A uniaxial compressive stress–strain model has been developed utilizing the fiber reinforcing index to predict the stress–strain curves of GGFRC in compression. The fiber reinforcing index, which is a measure of the quantity of fiber reinforcement in the material, is used as a variable in the current model to observe how it impacts the material's behavior. This would help evaluate the material's behavior under uniaxial compressive loading conditions and then use that data to develop a mathematical model that can predict the material's response under other conditions. Finally, it can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between the experimental results and the proposed analytical model.
Layers of Oriented‐to Identities in Language Learner Peer Discussion Tasks
Authors: Aline David , Hosoda Yuri 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmploying membership categorization analysis and conversation analysis, we uncover how students performing classroom discussion tasks for language learning locally ascribe themselves and others to various identity categories within single discussion activities. Data consist of 126 hours of video‐recorded small‐group discussions for second language learning collected in Japanese universities. Analysis unveiled the members' methods by which students themselves construct their identities in invoking various membership categories. In addition to sequential identities that are relevant at any point during the discussions, participants overwhelmingly oriented to hypothetical identities set up by the tasks. These identities were layered over the omnirelevant identities of Japanese language speakers, second language speakers, and students. Through publicly observable orientations to membership categories, these interactants manifested their collective understanding of the aims and motivations of the educational activities and institutional environment. The findings show how learners orient to their own and co‐participants' multiple identities as they accomplish language‐learning tasks and how these varied layers of identity contributed to language‐learning affordances in different and unique ways. We then suggest some implications for task‐based language learning.
Weak cosmic censorship with SU(2) gauge field and bound on charge-to-mass ratio
Authors: Song Yan , Cui Si-Yuan , Wang Yong-Qiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We numerically construct the stationary solutions of SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills theory in four dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime. When the t component of the SU(2) gauge field is taken to the only nonzero component, we construct a class of counterexamples to the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in Einstein-Maxwell theory. However, including a nonzero ϕ component of SU(2) gauge field, we can argue that there is a minimum value qW, when the charge carried by the ϕ component is larger than this minimum value, for sufficiently large boundary electric amplitude a, the original counterexamples can be removed and cosmic censorship is preserved.
Wormholes and surface defects in rational ensemble holography
Authors: Raeymaekers Joris , Rossi Paolo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study wormhole contributions to the bulk path integral in holographic models which are dual to ensembles of rational free boson conformal field theories. We focus on the path integral on a geometry connecting two toroidal boundaries, which should capture the variance of the ensemble distribution. We show that this requirement leads to a nontrivial set of constraints which generically picks out the uniform, maximum entropy, ensemble distribution. Furthermore, we show that the two-boundary path integral should receive contributions from ‘exotic’ wormholes, which arise from the inclusion of topological surface defects.
Evaluation of canopy fraction-based vegetation indices, derived from multispectral UAV imagery, to map water status variability in a commercial vineyard
Authors: Berry A. , Vivier M. A. , Poblete-Echeverría C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Water stress is a major factor affecting grapevine yield and quality. Standard methods for measuring water stress, such as midday stem water potential (ΨSWP), are laborious and time-consuming for intra-block variability mapping. In this study, we investigate water status variability within a 2.42-ha commercial Cabernet Sauvignon block with a standard vertical trellis system, using remote sensing (RS) tools, specifically canopy fraction-based vegetation indices (VIs) derived from multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery, as well as standard reference methods to evaluate soil and plant water status. A total of 31 target vines were monitored for ΨSWP during the whole growing season. The highest variability was at véraison when the highest atmospheric demand occurred. The ΨSWP variability present in the block was contrasted with soil water content (SWC) measurements, showing similar patterns. With spatial and temporal water stress variability confirmed for the block, the relationship between the ΨSWP measured in the field and fraction-based VIs obtained from multispectral UAV data was analysed. Four UAV flights were obtained, and five different VIs were evaluated per target vine across the vineyard. The VI correlation to ΨSWP was further evaluated by comparing VI obtained from canopy fraction (VIcanopy) versus the mean (VImean). It was found that using canopy fraction-based VIs did not significantly improve the correlation with ΨSWP (NDVIcanopy
r = 0.57 and NDVImean
r = 0.53), however fractional cover (f
cover) did seem to show a similar trend to plant water stress with decreasing canopy size corresponding with water stress classes. A subset of 14 target vines were further evaluated to evaluate if additional parameters (maximum temperature, relative humidity (RH), vapour pressure deficit, SWC and fractional cover) could serve as potential water stress indicators for future mapping. Results showed that the integration of NDVIcanopy and NDREmean with additional information could be used as an indicator for mapping water stress variability within a block.