bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-Situ Ascending Aortic Thrombus in an Asymptomatic Patient with Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma Not On Cisplatin Therapy
Authors: Mehta Chirag , Raza Fatima 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
An ascending aortic thrombus is exceedingly rare. Two instances have been reported in the setting of lung cancer, but only after cisplatin use, which is associated with hypercoagulability. We present the first case of a patient with lung cancer who developed an ascending aortic thrombus, without structural risk factors or chemotherapy use.
Case:
A 60-year-old female with a significant smoking history, presented with several weeks of malaise. A CT chest revealed a 2.2 cm right upper lobe mass. As an outpatient, right hilar lymph node IHC samples via EBUS confirmed TTF-1+ adenocarcinoma. After the procedure, the patient endorsed dyspnea and was advised to go to the ED.
Decision‐making:
A CTA chest identified a new 2.4 x 1.1 x 1.1 cm thrombus within the proximal aortic arch. No PE or intrapulmonary shunts were identified. A hypercoagulable workup was negative. TTE was without LV thrombus, akinesis or hypokinesis, LA dilation, or intracardiac shunts. A lower extremity ultrasound was negative for DVT. Given the procedural risk, thrombectomy was deferred. The patient was transitioned to enoxaparin, and a repeat CT for resolution is in process.
Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this is the only case detailing an in-situ ascending aortic thrombus in the setting of lung cancer, without structural risk factors, chemotherapy use, or other hypercoagulable comorbidities. Optimal management for an aortic thrombus and malignant disease is less clear. Clinicians should be vigilant for unusual arterial thromboses in patients with high metastatic burden.
Tea Polyphenol-Derived Nanomedicine for Targeted Photothermal Thrombolysis and Inflammation Suppression
Authors: Wang Hui , Tang Cui , Zou Chan , Hu Jianming , Yang Guoping , Zhou Wenhu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thrombotic diseases impose a significant global health burden, and conventional drug-based thrombolytic therapies are encumbered by the risk of bleeding complications. In this study, we introduce a novel drug-free nanomedicine founded on tea polyphenols nanoparticles (TPNs), which exhibits multifaceted capabilities for localized photothermal thrombolysis. TPNs were synthesized through a one-pot process under mild conditions, deriving from the monomeric epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Within this process, indocyanine green (ICG) was effectively encapsulated, exploiting multiple intermolecular interactions between EGCG and ICG. While both TPNs and ICG inherently possessed photothermal potential, their synergy significantly enhanced photothermal conversion and stability. Furthermore, the nanomedicine was functionalized with cRGD for targeted delivery to activated platelets within thrombus sites, eliciting robust thrombolysis upon laser irradiation across diverse thrombus types. Importantly, the nanomedicine's potent free radical scavenging abilities concurrently mitigated vascular inflammation, thus diminishing the risk of disease recurrence. In summary, this highly biocompatible multifunctional nanomaterial holds promise as a comprehensive approach that combines thrombolysis with anti-inflammatory actions, offering precision in thrombosis treatment.
Squamous cell carcinoma of mandibular gingiva producing both parathyroid hormone- related protein and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a case report
Authors: Kaibuchi Nobuyuki , Akagi Yuichi , Kagawa Chie , Shibayama Chisa , Kawase-Koga Yoko , Okamoto Toshihiro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
Malignant tumours occasionally secrete hormonal factors that can cause tumour-associated symptoms. Here, we describe a case of mandibular gingival carcinoma with hypercalcaemia and leukocytosis caused by tumour-derived parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
Case presentation:
A 54-year-old man presented to our Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with a chief complaint of a left-sided mandibular gingival ulcer. A 42 mm × 20 mm sized ulcer was found on the left lower molar gingiva. Squamous cell carcinoma was pathologically diagnosed. The patient underwent a hemimandibulectomy, left-sided radical neck dissection, plate reconstruction, pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap reconstruction, and tracheostomy under general anaesthesia. Pathologically, two metastatic lymph nodes were identified. Residual tumour was suspected at the resection margins. The postoperative TMN classifications were pT4aN2bM0 and Stage IV. Eight weeks after surgery, the patient started postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Two weeks after CCRT, the patient developed hypercalcaemia. Serum levels of PTHrP and G-CSF increased in parallel with the progression of hypercalcaemia and leukocytosis. Immunohistochemical analysis of the surgical specimen showed positivity for G-CSF. Based on these clinical and pathological findings, the patient was diagnosed with hypercalcaemia and leukocytosis associated with malignancy and was treated with denosumab. CCRT was scheduled for 66 Gy of irradiation; however, irradiation was terminated at 50 Gy because CT performed 4 weeks after the start of CCRT showed rapid disease progression, including enlargement of the primary tumour and metastases to the vertebral bone, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Chemotherapy was initiated with pembrolizumab, fluorouracil, or cisplatin. However, four weeks after the start of chemotherapy, a CT scan showed increased metastases and pleural dissemination; therefore, chemotherapy was discontinued, and the patient was transferred to palliative care. One week after the chemotherapy was discontinued, the patient died of respiratory failure.
Conclusions:
In this case, G-CSF and PTHrP derived from mandibular gingival carcinoma were considered to have caused leukocytosis and hypercalcaemia.
Freeform Generative Design of Complex Functional Structures
Authors: Pereira Gerald , Howard David , Lahur Paulus , Breedon Michael , Kilby Phil , Hornung Christian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Generative machine learning is poised to revolutionise a range of domains where rational design has long been the de facto approach: where design is practically a time consuming and frustrating process guided by heuristics and intuition. In this article we focus on the domain of flow chemistry, which is an ideal candidate for generative design approaches. We demonstrate a generative machine learning framework that optimises diverse, bespoke reactor elements for flow chemistry applications, combining evolutionary algorithms and a scalable fluid dynamics solver for in silico performance assessment. Experimental verification confirms the discovery of never-before-seen bespoke mixers whose performance exceeds the state of the art by 45%. These findings highlight the power of autonomous generative design to improve the operational performance of complex functional structures, with potential wide-ranging industrial applications.
Assessing the Impacts of Treated Wastewater on the Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Concrete
Authors: Deldar Omid , Akcaoglu Tulin , Ergil Mustafa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study investigated the feasibility of utilizing treated wastewater (TWW) as a sustainable source of water for mixing and curing purposes in concrete production with a focus on strength, durability, and specifically on corrosion behavior in concrete. Through a comprehensive experimental approach, various tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical properties and to bridge the existing literature gap, an accelerated corrosion test were conducted to estimate the corrosion rate in different concrete groups. Three types of concrete were cast, which were solely differ in water sources for mixing and curing. From the results and the ASTM standard benchmarks, it can be concluded that utilization of TWW in concrete production is permissible with some minor impacts on mechanical properties. Overall, utilization of TWW slightly reduced the workability of concrete and extended the setting time of cement paste marginally. Although the compressive and splitting tensile strength showed a reduction of about 10% in early ages, after 6 months of curing it almost reached the control sample. Despite the potential differences in TWW specimens being greater than the control sample, all concrete groups demonstrated less than 10% corrosion potential after four months. On the other hand, the findings of the accelerated corrosion test under aggressive environment revealed that using TWW in the concrete production regardless of the curing conditions, increased the corrosion rate by 24 to 25% in comparison to the control sample accompanied by the earlier appearance of surface crack and relatively higher weight lost in reinforcement rebars.
Efficacy Of Methimazole Versus Radioiodine in Patients With Hyperthyroidism: A Meta-analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Abd-ElGawad Mohamed , Abdelgalil Mahmoud Shaban , Abdelsattar Nada K. , Salamah Hazem Mohamed , Kamel Mohamed Abdelmonem 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The efficacy of methimazole compared to radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy for hyperthyroidism remains uncertain. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to compare methimazole to RAI in the treatment of hyperthyroid patients.
Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis including English-randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published before March 5, 2023, to address this issue. The primary outcome was euthyroidism rate, while secondary outcomes included hypothyroidism, relapse, persistent hyperthyroidism, and cure rate. Review Manager software was used for analysis.
Results: Six studies were included including 761 patients. The methimazole group had non-significantly higher rates of euthyroidism (RR = 2.09, 95% CI [0.90, 4.87], P = 0.09). The RAI group significantly increased the rates of hypothyroidism (RR = 0.06, 95% CI [0.03, 0.15], P < 0.00001). There were no significant differences in relapse, persistent hyperthyroidism, or cure rates between the two treatments (RR = 1.34, 95% CI [0.31, 5.86], P = 0.70), (RR = 0.4, 95% CI [0.07, 2.13], P = 0.28), and (RR = 0.84, 95% CI [0.58, 1.20], P = 0.34), respectively.
Conclusion: Methimazole was not inferior to RAI in curing hyperthyroid patients, with comparable relapse rates. Methimazole is an effective alternative to ablative therapies like RAI with a lower risk of hypothyroidism.
Multifunctional nano-bomb based on Fe-COF for targeted tumor dual chemodynamic therapy and bioimaging with enhanced ferroptosis and H2O2 self-supply
Authors: Zhao Pan , Gong Liyang , Chang Le , Geng Meijuan , Du Huiping , Meng Siyu , Dai Liangliang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is seriously limited by the insufficient amounts of both exogenous catalytic ions and endogenous H2O2 in tumors. Herein, a multifunction nano-bomb integrated with calcium peroxide (CaO2) and β-lapachone as donors of H2O2 and GSH-sensitive Fe-based covalent organic framework (COFs) as provider of catalytic ions was constructed for dual cascade-amplified tumor CDT. This hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified nano-bomb could be specially endocytosed by breast cancer cells through a targeting pathway, degraded and released cargoes in response to the high dose of GSH within the cytoplasm. Furthermore, the released CaO2 and β-lapachone could significantly self-generated sufficient H2O2, which could dual-cascade amplify CDT and induce severe oxidative to tumors via cooperating with the delivered iron ions from nano-bombs. Moreover, the unloaded iron and calcium ions could further accelerate tumor damage by overloading Ca2+ and ferroptosis, as accompanied by good magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In vitro and in vivo studies collectively reveal that this nano-bomb not only self-initiates double cascade-amplified CDT via self-generation of H2O2, but also efficiently activates ferroptosis and inducing Ca2+ overloading, consequently significantly tumor growth suppression. This study offers a novel tumor-initiated nano-bomb system for dual cascade-amplified CDT and bioimaging with activated ferroptosis and self-supplying H2O2.Keywords: Cascade amplification, tumor starvation, chemodynamic therapy, re-education macrophages, Fe-MOF nanosystem.
A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Effectiveness of Two School-Based Interventions for Autistic Youth with Anxiety
Authors: Pickard Katherine , Maddox Brenna , Boles Richard , Reaven Judy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Recent systematic reviews have indicated that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in reducing anxiety symptoms for autistic and non-autistic children. However, the vast majority of CBT research for autistic youth has been implemented within university settings and primarily by mental health providers. Schools hold great promise to equitably manage the mental health symptoms of autistic youth. Although preliminary research evaluating CBT within schools has been promising, CBT has not yet been compared to another readily available school mental health program. The goal of this protocol paper is to describe a multi-site study comparing two school-based interventions, Facing Your Fears-School Based (FYF-SB) and Zones of Regulation (ZOR) via a cluster randomized controlled type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial to determine which of the two interventions will best support autistic youth with anxiety in schools.
Methods: Up to 100 elementary and middle schools will be randomized into FYF-SB or ZOR. Once schools are randomized, a minimum of two interdisciplinary school providers at each school will be trained to deliver either FYF-SB or ZOR over the course of 12 weeks to groups of 2-5 autistic students ages 8-14 years. Over the course of two years, a total of 200 autistic students will receive either ZOR or FYF-SB. The primary outcome of this trial is child anxiety, as rated by masked evaluators and via caregiver- and student-report, which will be measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up. Semi-structured interviews will also be conducted with a purposive sample of students, caregivers, and school providers to understand the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of either ZOR or FYF-SB. Stakeholder engagement is a central component of this project via two stakeholder advisory boards that will directly inform and oversee the project.
Discussion. Results of this study will provide evidence about the relative impact of two school-based mental health interventions on outcomes reported as meaningful by caregivers and school providers. The additional focus on evaluating factors that support the implementation of FYF-SB and ZOR will allow future studies to test targeted implementation strategies that support mental health programming uptake and implementation within public schools.
Trial Registration: This trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05863520).
Involvement of transcribed lncRNA uc.291 in hyperproliferative skin disorders
Authors: Mancini Mara , Sergio Simone , Cappello Angela , Farkas Timea , Bernassola Francesca , Scarponi Claudia , Albanesi Cristina , Melino Gerry , Candi Eleonora 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The uc.291 transcript controls keratinocytes differentiation by physical interaction with ACTL6A and subsequent induction of transcription of the genes belonging to the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC). Uc.291 is also implicated in the dedifferentiation phenotype seen in poorly differentiated cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. Here, we would like to investigate the contribution of uc.291 to the unbalanced differentiation state of keratinocytes observed in hyperproliferative skin disorders, e. g., psoriasis. Psoriasis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease, caused by alteration of keratinocytes homeostasis. The imbalanced differentiation state, triggered by the infiltration of immune cells, represents one of the events responsible for this pathology. In the present work, we explore the role of uc.291 and its interactor ACTL6A in psoriasis skin, using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry and bioinformatic analysis of publicly available datasets. Our data suggest that the expression of the uc.291 and of EDC genes loricrin and filaggrin (LOR, FLG) is reduced in lesional skin compared to nonlesional skin of psoriatic patients; conversely, the mRNA and protein level of ACTL6A are up-regulated. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the expression of uc.291, FLG and LOR is reduced, while ACTL6A mRNA is up-regulated, in an in vitro psoriasis-like model obtained by treating differentiated keratinocytes with interleukin 22 (IL-22). Furthermore, analysis of a publicly available dataset of human epidermal keratinocytes treated with IL-22 (GSE7216) confirmed our in vitro results. Taken together, our data reveal a novel role of uc.291 and its functional axis with ACTL6A in psoriasis disorder and a proof of concept that biological inhibition of this molecular axis could have a potential pharmacological effect against psoriasis and, in general, in skin diseases with a suppressed differentiation programme.
LUCE: A milli-Kelvin calorimeter experiment to study the electron capture of 176Lu
Authors: Fu Shihong , Benato Giovanni , Bucci Carlo , Gorla Paolo , Guillaumon Pedro V. , Li Jiang , Nagorny Serge , Nozzoli Francesco , Pagnanini Lorenzo , Puiu Andrei , Stukel Matthew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The LUCE (LUtetium sCintillation Experiment) project will search for the 176 Lu electron based on a milli-Kelvin calorimetric approach. This decay is of special interest in the field of nuclear structure, with implications for the s-process and for a better comprehension of the nuclear matrix elements of neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) and two-neutrino double beta decay (2νββ). Possible impacts also include the development of a new class of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) and spin-dependent (independent) dark matter detectors. We report on the current status and design of a novel detector cryogenic-module for the measurement of the electron capture and detail a future measurement plan.
Application of Frass from Black Soldier Fly Larvae Treatment of Cattle Dung in Pulp and Papermaking
Authors: Sun Hao-Chen , Lai Yu-Hsun , Shyu Jiann-Gwo , Perng Yuan-Shing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Taiwan generates 4,800 tons of cow dung daily, necessitating the development of a novel circular utilization process to increase the recycling value of cow dung. The black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) treatment can digest the cow dung, and the frass (larvae drops) is the residue fibers in cow dung The study aims to assess the feasibility of utilizing the frass in pulp and papermaking by analyzing frass chemical composition, appearance, fiber morphology, and estimating its suitability for soda pulping, with the goal of developing value-added circular utilization process for frass. The chemical composition of the frass shows the high content of holocellulose, α-cellulose and the lower content of ash, which indicates the potential of pulping application. The fiber structure and mesoporous pores of the crude fibers in frass are beneficial for the pulping reaction. The fiber morphology of the frass is similar to non-wood fibers (pulping raw materials), which indicates the feasibility of fiber application. After the soda pulping experiment, pulping the frass with 7% NaOH for 75 minutes results in efficient fiber disintegration with a lesser degradation, which is the highest accepts ratio in the study. The NaOH cause the better disintegration of fibers and the better formation structure of the handsheet. The frass pulp blended with TOCC can enhance the ring crush index and bulk of handsheet. In the meantime, the mixed pulp (frass-TOCC) can achieve the ring crush index and bulk standards required for cardboard, without the chemical additives. To sum up, the fiber-like frass from BSFL treatment of cattle dung can be utilized in pulp and papermaking to enhance circular utilization value.
A Bayesian analysis integrating expert beliefs highlighted the value of eliciting informative priors to better understand how new evidence should change what we believe: a use case of chiropractic care and acute lumbar disc herniation with early surgery
Authors: DCM Léonie Hofstetter , Fontana Michelle , Tomlinson George A. , Hincapié Cesar A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
A Bayesian approach may be useful in the study of possible treatment-related rare serious adverse events, particularly when there are strongly held opinions in the absence of good quality previous data. We demonstrate the application of a Bayesian analysis by integrating expert opinions with population-based epidemiologic data to investigate the association between chiropractic care and acute lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with early surgery.
Methods
Experts’ opinions were used to derive probability distributions of the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for acute LDH requiring early surgery associated with chiropractic care. A ‘community of priors’ (enthusiastic, neutral, and skeptical) was built by dividing the experts into three groups according to their perceived mean prior IRR. The likelihood was formed from the results of a population-based epidemiologic study comparing the relative incidence of acute LDH with early surgery after chiropractic care versus primary medical care, with sensitive and specific outcome case definitions and surgery occurring within 8- and 12-week time windows after acute LDH. The robustness of results to the community of priors and specific versus sensitive case definitions was assessed.
Results
The most enthusiastic 25% of experts had a prior IRR of 0.42 (95% credible interval [CrI], 0.03 to 1.27), while the most skeptical 25% of experts had a prior IRR of 1.66 (95% CrI, 0.55 to 4.25). The Bayesian posterior estimates across priors and outcome definitions ranged from an IRR of 0.39 (95% CrI, 0.21 to 0.68) to an IRR of 1.40 (95% CrI, 0.52 to 2.55). With a sensitive definition of the outcome, the analysis produced results that confirmed prior enthusiasts’ beliefs and that were precise enough to shift prior beliefs of skeptics. With a specific definition of the outcome, the results were not strong enough to overcome prior skepticism.
Conclusion
A Bayesian analysis integrating expert beliefs highlighted the value of eliciting informative priors to better understand how new evidence ought to update prior existing beliefs. Clinical epidemiologists are encouraged to integrate informative and expert opinions representing the end-user community of priors in Bayesian analyses, particularly when there are strongly held opinions in the absence of definitive scientific evidence.