bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and fabrication of microfluidic devices: a cost-effective approach for high throughput production
Authors: Thomas Tony , Agrawal Amit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Microdevices have been recognized as a potential platform for performing numerous biomedical analysis and diagnostic applications. However, promising and viable techniques for a cost-effective and high throughput production of microfluidic devices still remain as a challenge. This paper addresses this problem with an alternative solution for the fabrication of microfluidic devices in a simple and efficient manner. We utilized laser-assisted engraving technique to fabricate a master mold on an acrylic sheet of different thicknesses from 4 to 20mm. Low cost indigenously developed CO2 (10.6μm wavelength) laser engraving device was used for the experiments. The effect of various laser parameters such as power and speed of operation on the height of engraved structures was studied in detail. Optimal engraving results were obtained with a laser speed of 200–250mm s−1 with a spacing interval of 0.002mm at a laser power of 10–12W. Master mold of microdevice with a channel width of 100μm were produced using this technique. The replica transfer was performed by a simple imprinting method using a benchtop universal testing machine that can provide a maximum compressive load upto 1kN. The replicas were successfully generated on various thin film substrates including polymers, plastics, Whatman filter paper, teflon, vinyl sheets, copper, and aluminum sheets. The effect of load applied on the depth of the microfluidic channel was studied for the substrates such as teflon and Whatman filter paper. A load of 1kN can generate a depth of a few hundred micrometers on various substrates mentioned above. The replicas were also transferred to thermoformable PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol) sheets under load with an elevated temperature. The channel-imprinted PETG substrates were later sandwiched between two acrylic sheets with adhesive-coated polymer sheets and screws at the corners. Soft lithographic techniques were also performed to replicate the channel on a poly dimethyl siloxane substrate which was later bonded to a glass plate using an oxygen plasma cleaner device. Fluidic flow testing was conducted by pumping dye-mixed deionized (DI) water through the channels using a syringe pump and connecting tubes at a constant flow rate of 5ml min−1. The outcomes of this study provide an alternative solution for a simple and low-cost method for microdevice fabrication at a large scale.
Relationship between bonding strength and surface roughness in low-temperature bonding of glass for micro/nanofluidic device
Authors: Ohta Ryoichi , Morikawa Kyojiro , Tsuyama Yoshiyuki , Kitamori Takehiko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The bonding of glass substrates is an important process in the fabrication of glass micro/nanofluidic devices. In this study, the influence of the surface roughness of glass substrates after low-temperature bonding is investigated. It is found that plasma etching can be used to control the surface roughness to the range 2–9 nm. Substrates with a roughness of 5 nm or less can be bonded. The pressure capacity of devices tends to decrease with increasing surface roughness. A pressure capacity of 500 kPa or higher is obtained with a surface roughness of 2 nm or less. This criterion for bonding conditions can be applied to roughness formed by other methods (e.g. via a Cr layer). The proposed approach will facilitate the design and fabrication of glass micro/nanofluidic devices, especially those that complicated fabrication processes or embedding of multiple materials.
A combined MEMS thermal vacuum sensor with a wide pressure range
Authors: Yuan Chuang , Fu Jianyu , Qu Fan , Zhou Qiong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
MEMS thermal vacuum sensors have been widely applied in many academic and industry fields, and pressure range is a key performance of MEMS thermal vacuum sensors. To extend the pressure range, a combined MEMS thermal vacuum sensor that consists of two diode-type MEMS thermal vacuum sensors in series is proposed in this work. The two diode-type sensors are designed to have different areas of sensitive region and distances between sensitive region and heat sink, and their responses to the pressure are from 3.0 × 10−3 to 3 × 104 Pa and from 1.7 × 10−2 to 4.4 × 105 Pa, respectively. By series-connecting them, the combined sensor achieves a pressure range of 1.3 × 10−3 to 6.9 × 105 Pa without any additional control circuit. In addition, it possesses a relatively small size of 400 × 300 μm2. These indicate that the combined MEMS thermal vacuum sensor has the characteristics of wide pressure range, high sensitivity and small size.
Optical loss analysis of Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3 thin film solar cells: A Quantitative Assessment
Authors: Hajjiah Ali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Optical loss either by light reflection, or light absorption in different layers of a solar cell, can significantly impact short-circuit current density. In this paper, an optical model has been developed to analyze the optical loss in thin film solar cells made of CdS/Sb2S3 or CdS/Sb2Se3 antimony chalcogenide. This model is based on optical loss from absorption in thin layers and reflection at the interfaces of glass/TCO/CdS/(Sb2S3 or Sb2Se3) only by considering the optical properties of layers (refractive index and extinction coefficient). The transmission and reflection rate of Sb2S3 or Sb2Se3 show almost a similar trend. The absorptivity and relative loss in short-circuit current density (Jsc) versus the thickness of Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3 layers was calculated for two different structures: glass/TCO/CdS/Sb2S3 and glass/TCO/CdS/Sb2Se3. The Sb2Se3 solar cell shows a slightly better conversion performance compared to Sb2S3 solar cell due to lower reflection loss. The light reflection was calculated at four interfaces. The transmission rate of light through TCO, ITO, and CdS layers was calculated to obtain an optimal thickness for these layers. TCO showed a higher transmission rate and thus is preferred in antimony solar cell structures. The variations of (Jsc) and loss for Jsc with different thicknesses of ITO (>20%) or TCO (<20%) contact layers, favoring TCO for its lower optical losses and higher Jsc (24 mA cm−2).
Cosmic implications of the
reaction: a nuclear astrophysical perspective
Authors: Saha Soumya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We conducted a comprehensive study of the neutron capture cross section of

within the relevant astrophysical energy range. Through rigorous R-matrix analysis, we determined the Maxwellian-averaged cross section to be 11.98

0.25 μb at kT = 30 keV. This result is approximately four times higher than the thermal neutron capture cross section estimated in earlier studies assuming the

law. The implications of our findings extend to the region of inhomogeneous Big-Bang models in nuclear astrophysics, where understanding the behaviour of neutron capture cross sections plays a crucial role in elucidating the intricate processes that shaped the early universe.
Solving the strong CP problem via a
-characterized mirror symmetry*
Authors: Gu 顾 Pei-Hong 佩洪 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the standard model QCD Lagrangian, a term of CP violating gluon density is theoretically expected to have a physical coefficient

, which is typically on the order of unity. However, the upper bound on the electric dipole moment of the neutron enforces the value of

to be extremely small. The significant discrepancy between theoretical expectations and experimental results in this context is widely recognized as the strong CP problem. To solve this puzzle in an appealing context of two Higgs doublets, we propose a

-characterized mirror symmetry between two Higgs singlets with respective discrete symmetries. In our scenario, the parameter

can completely disappear from the full Lagrangian after the standard model fermions take a proper phase rotation as well as the Higgs doublets and singlets. Moreover, all of new physics for solving the strong CP problem can be allowed near the TeV scale.
The Clumpy Structure of Five Star-bursting Dwarf Galaxies in the MaNGA Survey
Authors: Ju Mengting , Yin Jun , Hao Lei , Liu Chenxu , Tsai Chao-Wei , Wang Junfeng , Shao Zhengyi , Feng Shuai , Rong Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The star-forming clumps in star-bursting dwarf galaxies provide valuable insights into understanding the evolution of dwarf galaxies. In this paper, we focus on five star-bursting dwarf galaxies featuring off-centered clumps in the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey. Using the stellar population synthesis software Fitting Analysis using Differential evolution Optimization, we obtain the spatially resolved distribution of the star formation history, which allows us to construct the g-band images of the five galaxies at different ages. These images can help us to probe the evolution of the morphological structures of these galaxies. While images of a stellar population older than 1 Gyr are typically smooth, images of a stellar population younger than 1 Gyr reveal significant clumps, including multiple clumps which appear at different locations and even different ages. To study the evolutionary connections of these five galaxies to other dwarf galaxies before their star-forming clumps appear, we construct the images of the stellar populations older than three age nodes, and define them to be the images of the “host” galaxies. We find that the properties such as the central surface brightness and the effective radii of the hosts of the five galaxies are in between those of dwarf ellipticals (dEs) and dwarf irregulars (dIrrs), with two clearly more similar to dEs and one more similar to dIrrs. Among the five galaxies, 8257-3704 is particularly interesting, as it shows a previous starburst event that is not quite visible from its gri image, but only visible from images of the stellar population at a few hundred million years. The star-forming clump associated with this event may have appeared at around 600 Myr ago and disappeared at around 40 Myr ago.
Derivative Spectroscopy and its Application at Detecting the Weak Emission/Absorption Lines
Authors: Yu Lihuan , Li Jiangdan , Wang Jinliang , Li Jiajia , Li Jiao , Xi Qiang , Han Zhanwen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The development of spectroscopic survey telescopes like Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST), Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment and Sloan Digital Sky Survey has opened up unprecedented opportunities for stellar classification. Specific types of stars, such as early-type emission-line stars and those with stellar winds, can be distinguished by the profiles of their spectral lines. In this paper, we introduce a method based on derivative spectroscopy (DS) designed to detect signals within complex backgrounds and provide a preliminary estimation of curve profiles. This method exhibits a unique advantage in identifying weak signals and unusual spectral line profiles when compared to other popular line detection methods. We validated our approach using synthesis spectra, demonstrating that DS can detect emission signals three times fainter than Gaussian fitting. Furthermore, we applied our method to 579,680 co-added spectra from LAMOST Medium-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey, identifying 16,629 spectra with emission peaks around the Hα line from 10,963 stars. These spectra were classified into three distinct morphological groups, resulting in nine subclasses as follows. (1) Emission peak above the pseudo-continuum line (single peak, double peaks, emission peak situated within an absorption line, P Cygni profile, Inverse P Cygni profile); (2) Emission peak below the pseudo-continuum line (sharp emission peak, double absorption peaks, emission peak shifted to one side of the absorption line); (3) Emission peak between the pseudo-continuum line.
Composition and abundance of phytoplankton in the rearing tank of elver eels stadia with a bio-floc system
Authors: Sulawesty F , Sutrisno  , Sadi N H , Rahmadya A , Gunawan  , Triyanto  , Mardiati Y , Sudianto B T , Muit A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bio-floc is a new technology used in fish farming systems, phytoplankton is one of the components in bio-floc so its existence is very important. The objective of this research is to study the composition and abundance of phytoplankton in the rearing container for the elver eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) bio-floc system. Observations were made on three eel rearing containers, as much as 1 liter of water was filtered using plankton net with 53 μm mesh size and preserved using Lugol’s solution. The parameters observed were the composition and abundance of phytoplankton, several environmental parameters were also analyzed to see their effect on phytoplankton. There were five classes of phytoplankton found, namely Bacillariophyceae (8 species), Chlorophyceae (9 species), Cyanophyceae (1 species), Dinophyceae (1 species), and Euglenophyceae (2 species), with the dominant species are Scenedesmus sp., Sphaerocystis sp., Oocystis sp., Gomphonema sp., Navicula sp., Rhopalodia sp., Synedra sp., and Aphanocapsa sp. The abundance values ranged from 1,785 to 925,250 individuals -1L. The composition and abundance of phytoplankton were influenced by phosphorus concentration.
Growth response and estimating heritability of synthetic base population (F0) of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) through family selection
Authors: Robisalmi A , Gunadi B , Alipin K , Lamanto  , Artati D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) is widely cultivated because it has high economic value. However, at the same age, the growth and thickness of red tilapia flesh are lower than that of black tilapia, which is necessary to improve genetics, one of which is a breeding program. The purpose of this study was to evaluate growth performance and estimate the value of the genetic parameter of the synthetic based population (F0) of red tilapia. Spawning was done naturally using happa with 30 males and 90 females. The number of families produced was 30 families, consisting of male and female sub populations. Enlargement activities were carried out for 90 days with a stocking density of 7 fish/m2 and a frequency of feeding 2 times a day. The estimated heritability was 0.26±0.07 with a response to selection of 18.52 g (male) and 0.35±0.09 with a response to selection of 20.69 g (female). Based on these parameters, the selection process for the next generation can still be done by increasing the number of families.
Growth pattern and the condition index of nomei fish Harpodon nehereus captured with mini-trawl in Tarakan Waters
Authors: Salim G , Azis  , Prasetia A M , Meiryani  , Rukisah  , Indarjo A , Fatwa A T , Lailaturrif’ah  , Wulandari E , Jalil A , Fauzi M A , Toha T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nomei (Harpodon nehereus) is a which is found in the northern waters of Tarakan City which has a fairly high economic value. The purpose of the study to analyze the growth patterns and condition index of the fish in Tarakan waters. The research was conducted in two periods, namely the period January-February 2022 and June-July 2022. The research method used a quantitative descriptive method. Fish samples were collected from fisher and data observed were total length, total weight, and sex. In January, the sampled H. nehereus consisted of males (n = 69) and females (n = 231) with allometric negative growth and both fat (male = 50.7%) and thin (female = 48.1%) body type were found. In February 2022, the growth of males (n = 70) and females (n = 224) were positive allometric and both type of body shape were found, with sex ratio of male 48.6% and female 51.4%. In June 2022, the growth of males (n = 980) and females (n = 680) were negative allometric with body shape of both fat (male = 48.1%) and thin (female = 48.5%). In July 2022, the growth of male (n=1197) and female (n=822) were negative allometric with body shape fat (male=49.1%) and thin (female 47.8%). A better management of aquatic biological resources, especially the stock of nomei fish (H. nehereus), is crucial for a sustainable resource.
Diet composition and feeding strategy of larvae and juveniles of green riffle goby, Stiphodon elegans in Cimaja Estuary, Indonesia
Authors: Amaliah S W , Affandi R , Simanjuntak C P H , Baihaqi F , Annida S B , Prabowo T , Romdon A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Green riffle goby, Stiphodon elegans, is an amphidromous goby living in Cimaja River, Sukabumi. Postflexion and juvenile stages of this species migrate from the sea to the river estuary for the recruitment process both in the day and nighttime. The presence of prey strongly influences the success of the recruitment process. The present study, therefore, aims to reveal the diet preferences and feeding strategies of postflexion larvae and juveniles of the green riffle goby during the recruitment process. Postflexion larvae and juveniles of S. elegans were collected day and nighttime using a lift net from December 2020 to May 2021 in the Cimaja River estuary. A total of 13,955 larvae and juveniles were captured. For diet analysis, 455 fish larvae and juveniles were analyzed, consisting of 47 larvae (8.9-11.8 BL) and 408 juveniles (11.9-21.8 BL). The diet composition of postflexion larvae comprised five genera from three different classes of benthic microalgae and zoobenthic. In comparison, fish juveniles’ prey composition comprised 15 genera from 5 different classes of benthic microalgae and zoobenthic. The postflexion larva tends to be more specialized than the juvenile in utilizing prey. There is no significant difference in the diet composition and feeding strategy of postflexion larvae and juveniles during the day and nighttime (p>0.05).
Temporal study of coral reef health in Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park
Authors: Hidayat S A , Ayuningtias A , Cahyaningrum Y M , Astrida N , Kusumo S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Coral reefs are one of ecosystems that have high biodiversity and productivity. The condition of coral reefs in Seribu Islands is currently being threatened by various marine industry development activities. This study aims to determine coral reef health in Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta. The study was conducted at eight observation stations in Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park area on 7-10 March 2022 (First Monitoring) and 31 May until 3 June 2022 (Second Monitoring). Coral reef data collecting were using Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method. Reef fish data collecting were using Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method. While for macrobenthos data collecting were using the Belt Transect method. The coral reef health index was determined based on two main components, there are benthic component and reef fish component. Overall, coral reef health from eight observation stations during two monitoring sessions had high recovery potential, although some stations had low coral cover and low target fish biomass. In addition, several species of macrobenthos are bioindicators that can contribute to purifying waters.
Monitoring planktonic cyanobacteria in Lake Maninjau, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Sulastri  , Henny C , Nomosatryo S , Susanti E , Sulawesty F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Harmful Cyanobacterial blooms are global environmental issue. Some efforts have been made to prevent and minimize their occurrence in waters. This study aims to monitor the planktonic Cyanobacteria community and environmental factors that influence their dominance in Lake Maninjau. Samples of Phytoplankton and water quality data were collected in 2001, 2005, 2009, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2019. Twenty-four species of planktonic Cyanobacteria which belonged to orders Chroococcales, Oscillatoriales, and Nostococales. Percentage of Cyanobacteria abundance ranged from 2.9% to 95.32%. High percentage of Aphanocapsa (76.21%), Anabaena (33.25%), Chroococcus (86.4%), Microcystis aeruginosa (94.37%), Oscillatoria (50.94%), and Aphanizomenon gracile (72.43%) was recorded in different periods. Cylindrosprmopsis raciborskii was often found in the lake with percentage of abundance not more than 20.75%. Cyanobacteria abundance ranged from 734.2 to 4,180,867 individualL-1. The lowest Cyanobacteria abundance was characterized by low total phosphorus and conductivity. High Cyanobacteria abundance was related to the high levels of TP, concentration, conductivity and low TN/TP ratio. Nutrient, conductivity, and temperature were also the factors that influenced the dominance of Cyanobacterial species in Lake.
The success of coral Acropora sp. transplantation with various methods in Raja Ampat Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Kusuma A N , Krisanti M , Sjafrie N D M , Kurniawan F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Climate change and anthropogenic pressures have caused massive damage and degradation of coral reef ecosystem services in almost all countries in the Indian Ocean. The status of coral reefs at 1,067 sites in Indonesia is included in the poor category with 386 sites (36.18%) and the reefs in the moderate category with 366 sites (34.3%). The condition, area, and function of this coral reef ecosystem can be restored through rehabilitation activities using the transplant method. This study aimed to determine the success of coral Acropora sp transplantation in two different methods in Raja Ampat Regency, i.e., Yensawai Village. The research was conducted from September to December 2021 using PVC and iron racks. The increase in length of coral fragments was measured using a caliper and survival was calculated for the number of coral fragments at the end of the study. The results showed that coral fragments with PVC racks had a growth rate of 0.67±0.54 mm/day and a survival rate of 81.25%, while those on iron racks had a growth rate of 0.64±0,66 mm/day and a survival rate of 90%. Both methods showed a high coral survival rate (>80%). T-test statistical analysis revealed no apparent variance between the two approaches (p= 0.85). Our findings suggest that both methods are suitable for use in Yensawai Village.
Characteristics of the aquatic environment as a basis for brackish water pond development in the Cilacap Regency Area
Authors: Utami A R , Widigdo B , Sulistiono  
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The coastal of Cilacap is a large aquaculture area for vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of water quality in borewell and pond as the basis for brackish water development. The research method used a descriptive method by describing the sample results compared to environmental quality standards for biota based on Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021. Sampling was carried out monthly during May-July 2022 at 3 location. Observations were made on water physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, BOD, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and phosphate). Based on the analysis, it is known that the water quality of the borewell varied, namely temperature (29.75±0.96°C), pH (7.74±0.26), salinity (15±6.42%o), DO (6.52±2.83) mg/l, BOD (2.48.±1.67) mg/l, nitrate (0.43±0.38) mg/l, nitrite (0.02±0.02) mg/l, ammonia (0.46±0.30) mg/l and phosphate (0.13±0.10) mg/l. As for the pond water quality parameters, the temperature values were (30.14±1.46°C), pH (7.94±0.22), salinity (12.22±6.02%o), DO (7.58±1.30) mg/l, BOD (26.10±24.83) mg/l, nitrate (1.86±1.30) mg/l, nitrite (0.09±0.15) mg/l, ammonia (1.07±0.30) mg/l and phosphate (0.128±0.098) mg/l. Based on Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 it is concluded that the water conditions are still suitable for the life of aquatic biota and good enough for fishery development.