bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cucurbitacin E Modulates the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Ameliorate Prefrontal Cortex Pathology in Streptozocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Abayomi Taiwo , Olaniyan Omolayo , Tokunbo Olorunfemi , Abayomi Olawale , Obembe Olawale , Benson Iyanuoluwa , Osuntokun Samson , Ilesanmi Dolapo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In type 2 diabetes triggered by insulin resistance, cerebrovascular diseases, stroke, and neurodegenerative dementia are associated. Understanding Cucurbitacin E's (CuE) effects on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) pathways in insulin resistance-induced neurodegeneration remains essential. Using 48 adult Wistar rats, six groups were formed: A = control; B = STZ-induced diabetes (60 mg/kg); C = STZ (60 mg/kg) + CuE (0.5 mg/kg); D = STZ (60 mg/kg) + Metformin (150 mg/kg); E = CuE only (0.5 mg/kg); and F = Metformin only (150 mg/kg). CuE's impact on insulin resistance, neuronal morphology in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), neurobehavioral changes, neuroinflammation, and PI3K/AKT signaling in the PFC was evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05 was considered significant). CuE significantly reduced blood glucose and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance linked to cognitive impairment and PFC architectural changes was mitigated by CuE. It also regulated inflammatory cytokines and prevented neuronal death. CuE improved impaired PI3K/AKT activity in the model. Cucurbitacin E showed promise in mitigating dementia caused by hyperglycemia in the prefrontal cortex. It notably reduced nuclei fragmentation, neuroinflammation, and normalized the PI3K/AKT insulin signaling pathway.
Study on the Influence of Wetting-Drying Cycle Weakening of Rock Mass on the Mechanical Behavior of Rock-Socketed Piles
Authors: Cao Ting , He Liu , Wang Wei , Zhao Wang , Liu Zhao , Zhong Junhui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In order to investigate the influence of the weakening of the rock mass mechanical parameters on the mechanical behavior of the bridge rock-socketed pile on the slope under the condition of wetting and drying cycles, this study focuses on the sandy slate surrounding the rock-socketed piles at Luogu bridge in the Lianghekou reservoir area. Wetting and drying cycle tests were conducted to analyze the variations in rock mechanical parameters associated with these cycles, revealing the underlying weakening mechanisms. Employing the generalized Hoek-Brown criterion and finite-difference numerical simulation, the study systematically examines the evolution of the load-bearing behavior of rock-socketed piles after various wetting-drying cycles. The results indicate that, with an increase in the number of wetting-drying cycles, the uniaxial compressive strength, Young's modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the rock progressively decrease, while Poisson's ratio steadily increases. Power and logarithmic function correlations between each mechanical parameter and the number of cycles are provided. The weakening of rock mechanical parameters due to wetting and drying cycles can be attributed to the disappearance of hydrolysis in hydration prone minerals and the aggregation of microscopic cracks. With increasing wetting and drying cycles, the axial force of the rock-socketed pile at the specified depth gradually increases, while the lateral frictional resistance decreases, and the resistance at the end of the pile tends to gradually increase. The total lateral frictional resistance of the rock-socketed pile shows an overall decreasing trend with increasing wetting-drying cycles. Deformation assessments of rock-socketed piles after different numbers of cycles reveal an inclination towards increased horizontal displacement at various depths and greater settlement at the top and bottom of the piles with more wetting-drying cycles.
Resting eggs bank and their hatching pattern in two co-occuring anostracans Phallocryptus spinosus (Milne-Edwards, 1840) and Branchinectella media (Schmankewitsch, 1873) (Crustacea) from saline lakes of the Aurès region (Northeastern Algeria)
Authors: Rais Lynda , Amarouayache Mounia , Rochon André 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Phallocryptus spinosus (Milne-Edwards, 1840) and Branchinectella media (Schmankewitsch, 1873) are two anostracan species co-occurring in several saline lakes of the eastern steppic zone of Algeria. Both species produce resting eggs to persist in their temporary and unstable habitats, constituting a resting eggs bank. B. media has a restricted distribution worldwide and it is known to prefer cold temperatures (16 °C max). Resting egg banks and hatching patterns of both species have been assessed in seven saline lakes. Results showed that densities of P. spinosus resting eggs were always higher than those of B. media, whatever the lake (F = 4.66, P = 0.0005). They range between 93000 ± 75 and 1495000 ± 366.5 resting eggs.m-2 for P. spinosus, and between 670 ± 30 and 365000 ± 268 resting eggs.m-2 for B. media. Hatching percentages of eggs incubated at temperatures of 16 °C and 22 °C, and salinities of 0 and 5 psu, showed that 16 °C and 5 psu was the most suitable combination for B. media, where 38.88 ± 1.93% of eggs hatched under these conditions. For P. spinosus, 81.11 ± 1.92% of eggs hatched at 22 °C and 5 psu. Resting eggs diameters measurements of both species as well as scanning electron micrographs of B. media are provided.
The United Network and the Mobile Service Operator, a Sharing Resource Framework for Telecommunication Industry in Iran
Authors: Abbasian Ezzatollah , Mohebbi Ali 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sharing, outsourcing, and partnership are shown as solutions to increase efficiency. Mobile Network Operators (MNO), used to outsource some functions and make partnerships, but the sharing perspective is still not clear. This paper aims to provide a framework in which MNOs share and utilize their resources more efficiently. Qualitative research was done through the analysis of website reports, documents, and interviews to find MNOs' current and future strategic focus as well as the dimensions of a united network. The MNOs' two main strategies are enhancing core business and developing digital services. The article found an overall paradigm of the sharing resources (network and frequency) as well as some signals for business model evolution. It introduces a two-component framework in which a United Network is created to enhance core business and a new business model to develop digital services. It bolds the importance of network efficiency and the barriers, needs, and motivations of the United Network. To increase efficiency, the industry needs a coopetition framework in which a trust company that is a subsidiary of MNOs, maintains and develops a united network, and the MSOs compete to develop digital services.
Investigation of Antiviral Effect of Six Microalgal Extracts on D274 IBV Strain
Authors: Atak Eylem , Ak Büşra , Çöven Furkan Ozan , Nalbantsoy Ayşe , Demirel Zeliha , Dalay Meltem (Corresponding author) Conk 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Many studies indicate that microalgae and cyanobacteria which are used in cosmetics, medicine, various industrial areas as human and animal food have been used for many alternative treatments. These species have high nutritional values due to their high protein, carbohydrate and fatty acid content. Microalgae have different morphological and physiological featuresbesides their biological properties also vary due to the metabolites they contain. The therapeutic properties of microalgae have been the subject of scientific studies many times. In the literature, it has been stated that microalgae have anticancer, cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral effects and also stimulate the immune system. The interest in compounds with antiviral effects against the SARS-CoV-2, which emerged in China and spread worldwide, is more than ever. The discovery and obtaining of bioactive compounds with antiviral effects is of great importance. In this study, the antiviral effects of Arthrospira platensis, Prasinococcus sp., Nanofrustulum shiloi, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Scenedesmus sp. and Pseudanabaena sp. were investigated. The antiviral effects of the extracts that obtained from microalgae species were determined by performing on the embryonated chicken egg system using the Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) D274 strain with hemagglutination feature. Compared to other microalgae species, the results showed that Pseudanabaena sp. has highest antiviral activity and potential antiviral effect and exhibited more antiviral properties at a concentration of 10 mg/ml than at the concentration of 5 mg/kg.
Study of the influence of structuring factors of gelatin solutions on the electrospinning stability and nanofiber morphology
Authors: Podshivalov Aleksandr , Litvinov Mikhail 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The work studied the effect of structuring of gelatin solution with a different content of acetic acid on the stability of electrospinning process and obtained nanofibers morphology. Using the method of dynamic light scattering and analysis using the Arrhenius equation, it was found that the process of formation of gelatin sol is thermally activated, and the activation energy of the process increases from 70.2 to 102.2 kJ/mol with the introduction of 10 vol.% acetic acid. Using dynamic mechanical analysis of viscoelastic properties, it was found that when the solution concentration is more than 15 wt.% in the presence of 10 vol.% acid, a structure of the solution close to a gel is formed. It has also been shown that as the fraction of acid increases to 25 vol.% and higher solutions are characterized by a sol state with an increase in the elastic component after 24 h of solution settling. It was found that the structuring of the solution during settling affects the stability of electrospinning. Statistical analysis of the morphology of gelatin nanofibers showed that with an acid content of 25 vol.% the average diameter of nanofibers increases by 2 times during settling of 24 h. When using an acetic acid content in a gelatin solution of more than 50 vol.%, a significant increase in the stability of the electrospinning process and in the average diameter of nanofibers were observed, regardless of the settling time.
A simple and highly sensitive LC-MS workflow for characterization and quantification of ADC cleavable payloads
Authors: Mak Shi Ya , Chen Shuwen , Fong Wey Jia , Choo Andre , Ho Ying Swan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) payloads are cleavable drugs that act as the warhead to exert an ADC’s cytotoxic effects on cancer cells intracellularly. A simple and highly sensitive workflow is developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of six ADC payloads, namely SN-38, MTX, DXd, MMAE, MMAF and Calicheamicin (CM), in serum samples. The workflow consists of a short and simple sample extraction using a methanol-ethanol mixture, followed by a fast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The results showed that well-validated linear response ranges of 0.4 - 100nM for SN38, MTX and DXD, 0.04 - 100nM for MMAE and MMAF, 0.4 - 1000nM for CM were achieved in mouse serum. Recoveries for all six payloads at three different concentrations (low, medium and high) were more than 90%. A low sample volume of only 5 µL of serum is required due to the high sensitivity of the method. This validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study to quantify MMAE in mouse serum samples.
Boundary reconstruction in two-dimensional steady-state anisotropic heat conduction
Authors: Marin Liviu , Pantea Andrei Tiberiu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study the reconstruction of an unknown/inaccesible smooth inner boundary from the knowledge of the Dirichlet condition (temperature) on the entire boundary of a doubly connected domain occupied by a two-dimensional homogeneous anisotropic solid and an additional Neumann condition (normal heat flux) on the known, accessible, and smooth outer boundary in the framework of steady-state heat conduction with heat sources. This inverse geometric problem is approached through an operator that maps an admissible inner boundary belonging to the space of 2π−periodic and twice continuously differentiable functions into the Neumann data on the outer boundary which is assumed to be continuous. We prove that this operator is differentiable and hence a gradient-based method that employs the anisotropic single layer representation of the solution to an appropriate Dirichlet problem for the two-dimensional anisotropic heat conduction, is developed for approximating the unknown inner boundary. Numerical results are presented for both exact and perturbed Neumann data on the outer boundary and show the convergence, stability, and robustness of the proposed method.
Discovering the antitumor potential of a novel PDC of HSP70-TAA complex with Docetaxel for sustained and prolonged release of docetaxel to increase its efficacy and reduce drug resistance in OSCC
Authors: Singh Khushwant , Gautam Pramod Kumar , Verma Hitesh , Bhoriwal Sandeep 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) overexpression has been reported in a variety of cancers. HSP70 is transported to the cell surface and released into the environment, where it is taken up by antigen-presenting cells and presented to lymphocytes for an immunological response. In previous investigations, we extensively studied HSP70's immunotherapeutic potential against cancer. Cancer is a fatal disease, and chemotherapy drugs have been shown to be effective against several types of cancer. Several attempts have been made to improve chemotherapeutic drugs target delivery while limiting adverse effects. With the aim to minimizing off-site cytotoxicity without impairing docetaxel function in cancer cells, we established the PrDC of HSP70 isolated from cancer cells with the chemotherapy drug docetaxel, to target tumor heterogeneity and, enhance target delivery
Methodology: HSP70 isolated from cancer cells was purified using size exclusion chromatography and immunoprecipitation. To conjugate docetaxel with the primary amine groups on HSP70, a cleavable ester bond with the carboxyl group was established while preserving the structural integrity of docetaxel. The purity of HSP70 was evaluate by western blotting (WB), while NMR, FTIR, and WB were used to identify the purity of docetaxel and final conjugate. Docetaxel release from the conjugate was investigated in-vitro in four distinct buffers that replicated human philological conditions. The anticancer efficacy of docetaxel, both in combination and alone, was assessed on squamous cell carcinoma cells using the MTT, ICC, cell cycle, apoptosis, multi-drug resistance, and mitochondrial mass assay.
Results: The findings show that the conjugate of docetaxel and HSP70 has a stoichiometric ratio of 30:1. In SCC cells, docetaxel's extended release (120 hours) was correlated with a 13±2-fold rise in efficacy. Additionally, the results showed that DHSP decreases multi-drug resistance and mitochondrial mass in SCC cells while halting cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle for an extended period of time (72 hours), which is followed by apoptosis.
Conclusions: The docetaxel-HSP70 conjunction has the potential to enhance target drug delivery and drug retention in cancer cells while lowering off-site cytotoxicity. It additionally improves docetaxel effectiveness for longer periods of time at 13–15 times lower dosages.
Synergies and trade-offs between cultural and natural values of sacred sites – A case study of ancient burial mounds in Central Europe
Authors: Deák Balázs , Bede Ádám , Süveges Kristóf , Dókai József , Ormsby Alison A. , Dixon Anna , Valkó Orsolya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In the Eurasian steppes, ancient burial mounds called ‘kurgans’ are among the most widespread manmade structures. These sacred sites hold cultural values and often provide safe havens for grassland-related plant species. We aimed to establish links between the cultural and natural values of kurgans through a comprehensive multi-layered evaluation of history, cultural attributes, botanical composition, and landscape history on selected mounds situated in Hungary, Romania, and Serbia. We evaluated factors that can support or endanger the grasslands on kurgans and assessed whether there are synergies or trade-offs between the presence of the cultural and natural values. We found that kurgans act as cultural hotspots in transformed landscapes, and we found the following evidences for the synergies between cultural and natural values: i) Extensive land use and management connected to the cultural functions could considerably contribute to the preservation of grassland specialist plants on the mounds. ii) In the studied landscapes, in the past three centuries, the vast majority of grasslands were converted into croplands in the studied landscapes, but the cultural importance of the kurgans could hinder their destruction through demolishment by ploughing or construction works. We also found an important trade-off: built cultural objects not only decreased the area of grassland cover but also supported the establishment and spread of several weedy and invasive species. Consequently, to preserve the valuable natural-cultural systems it is essential to focus efforts on the maintenance of the already existing, traditional cultural functions and not the establishment of new objects.
A comprehensive prognostic model for delayed cerebral ischemia in rupture intracranial aneurysms after surgical clipping
Authors: Zheng hui , Zhou Hai , Zhao Yutong , Xie Zongyi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), one of the most common complications following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), was strongly related to poor patient outcomes. Identifying predictive factors for its occurrence is crucial for improving patient care and outcomes. Our research aimed to explore risk factors for delayed cerebral ischemia in aneurysm patients after surgical clipping and developed a prediction model.
Methods: The datasets used in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Patients demographics, aneurysm features, comorbidities, clinical manifestations, imaging features, blood pressure on admission，incidence of DCI, and interventions were recorded. SAH patients were randomly assigned to the training or validation cohort based on a ratio of 7:3, which was implemented as internal validations for the final predictive models. The predictive ability was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: A total of 272 patients were included in our research. The final logistic model included 7 independent predictors (Age, Smoking, Drinking, WFNS, Fisher, MAP on Second postoperative day, and Na) and was developed as a simple-to-use nomogram. The training set and validation set model's C-index are 0.844 and 0.766, demonstrating moderate predictive ability with regard to risks of DCI.
Conclusion: We developed a model with seven independent risk factors to predict the incidence of DCI. We focused on exploring the postoperative status in DCI patients. Elevated blood pressure on the second postoperative day may indicate the early occurrence of microvascular spasm.
Short-term effect of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in refractory diabetic macular edema
Authors: Moreno Jazmín Baca , Medina David Berrones , Rosellón-Escobar María Fernanda , García-Aguirre José Gerardo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the short-term effects (hours-days) of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) refractory to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections.
Methods: This was a prospective, single-arm, interventional clinical series. Eyes with DME and 3-9 injections of ranibizumab without a good response were included. Patients underwent a single IDI. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement, complete ophthalmic evaluation, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were performed at baseline, 2 hours, 3 hours, 24 hours, 7 days, and 1 month. The main outcomes were change in central retinal thickness (CRT) on SD-OCT and BCVA.
Results: Fifteen eyes of 15 patients were included. Mean CRT decreased rapidly after treatment from 515.87 µm ± 220.00 µm at baseline to 489.60 µm ± 176.53 µm after 2 hours (p=0.126), and 450.13 µm ± 163.43 at 24 hours (p=0.006). Change in BCVA was from 0.85 ± 0.44 logMAR baseline to 0.58 ± 0.37 log MAR at 1 month (p=0.003)
Conclusions: Eyes treated with IDI showed significant decrease in CRT detectable 1 day after injection. In some patients, the effect could be observed 3 hours post-implantation.
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05736081. Registeres 20 February 2023, Retrospectively registeres. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05736081
Sagittal imbalance syndrome, a new concept helps determining a long fusion for patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and severe global sagittal imbalance
Authors: Lu Shibao , Zhu Weiguo , Wang Yu , Kong Chao , Wang Wei , Chen Xiaolong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: To retrospectively investigate the postoperative clinical and radiographic outcomes in elderly patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) and severe global sagittal imbalance who underwent different fusion levels.
Methods: A total of 214 patients with DLSS and severe global sagittal imbalance were included. Sagittal imbalance syndrome was defined as the severe decompensated radiographic global sagittal imbalance accompanied with the following symptoms: severe back pain in naturel posture that disappears or significantly relieves in support position, living disability with ODI score > 40% and dynamic sagittal imbalance. Thereinto, 54 patients were found with sagittal imbalance syndrome and were performed the lumbar decompression with a long thoracolumbar fusion (Group A) or a short lumbar fusion (Group B). Thirty patients without sagittal imbalance syndrome who underwent short lumbar decompression and fusion were selected as the control (Group C).
Results: Patients with sagittal imbalance syndrome were detected to have more paraspinal muscle degeneration and less compensatory potentials for sagittal imbalance (smaller thoracic kyphosis and larger pelvic tilt) than those without this diagnosis. Postoperative comparisons revealed significant restoration of global sagittal alignment and balance and improvement of living quality in Groups A and C at the final follow-up. Six patients in Group B and one in Group A were found to have proximal junctional complication during follow-up.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that DLSS patients with sagittal imbalance syndrome had inferior surgical outcomes in terms of living quality and proximal junctional complication after lumbar decompression with a short fusion.