bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of nonintubated thoracoscopic surgery on postoperative neurocognitive function: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hsiung Ping-Yan , Shih Po-Yuan , Wu Yi-Luen , Chen Hsin-Ting , Hsu Hsao-Hsun , Lin Mong-Wei , Cheng Ya-Jung , Wu Chun-Yu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Postoperative neurocognitive disorder following thoracoscopic surgery with general anaesthesia may be linked to reduced intraoperative cerebral oxygenation and perioperative inflammation, which can potentially be exacerbated by mechanical ventilation. However, nonintubated thoracoscopic surgery, which utilizes regional anaesthesia and maintains spontaneous breathing, provides a unique model for studying the potential benefits of avoiding mechanical ventilation. This approach allows investigation into the impact on perioperative neurocognitive profiles, inflammatory responses and intraoperative cerebral oxygen levels.

METHODS
In total, 110 patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery were randomly equally assigned to the intubated group and the nonintubated group. Regional cerebral oxygenation was monitored during surgery. Serum neuroinflammatory biomarkers, including interleukin-6 and glial fibrillary acidic protein, were measured at baseline (before surgery) and 24 h after surgery. Postoperative complication severity was compared using the Comprehensive Complication Index. The primary outcome was perioperative changes in neurocognitive test score, which was assessed at baseline, 24 h and 6 months after surgery.

RESULTS
Patients in the nonintubated group had higher neurocognitive test scores at 24 h (69.9 ± 10.5 vs 65.3 ± 11.8; P = 0.03) and 6 months (70.6 ± 6.7 vs 65.4 ± 8.1; P &lt; 0.01) after surgery and significantly higher regional cerebral oxygenation over time during one-lung ventilation (P = 0.03). Patients in the intubated group revealed a significantly higher postoperative serum interleukin-6 level (group by time interaction, P = 0.04) and a trend towards a significantly higher serum glial fibrillary acidic protein level (group by time interaction, P = 0.11). Furthermore, patients in the nonintubated group had a significantly lower Comprehensive Complication Index (9.0 ± 8.2 vs 6.1 ± 7.1; P &lt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
Nonintubated thoracoscopic surgery was associated with improved postoperative neurocognitive recovery, more stable intraoperative cerebral oxygenation, ameliorated perioperative inflammation and attenuated postoperative complication severity.
A Finite Topological Type Theorem for Open Manifolds with Non-negative Ricci Curvature and Almost Maximal Local Rewinding Volume
Authors: Huang HongZhi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present finite topological type theorems for open manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature, under almost maximal local rewinding volume. Unlike previous related research, our theorems remove the constraints of sectional curvature or conjugate radius, which were crucial additional assumptions on metric regularity in prior results. Notably, our settings do not necessarily satisfy a triangle comparison of Toponogov type. In fact, the method we adopt also extends to many previous related studies.
Frailty increases the long-term risk for fall and fracture-related hospitalizations and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older women
Authors: Dent Elsa , Dalla Via Jack , Bozanich Trent , Hoogendijk Emiel O , Gebre Abadi K , Smith Cassandra , Zhu Kun , Prince Richard L , Lewis Joshua R , Sim Marc 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Frailty is associated with declines in physiological capacity across sensory, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems. An underlying assumption is that the frailer an individual, the more likely they are to experience falls and fractures. We examined whether grades of frailty can assess the long-term risk of hospitalized falls, fractures, and all-cause mortality in 1261 community-dwelling older women (mean age [SD] of 75.1 [2.7] yr) over 14.5 yr. Frailty was operationalized using a frailty index (FI) of cumulative deficits from 33 variables across multiple health domains (physical, mental, comorbidities) at baseline. The total score across these variables was summed and divided by 33 to obtain the FI. Participants were graded as fit (FI ≤ 0.12), mildly frail (FI &gt; 0.12–0.24), moderately frail (FI &gt; 0.24–0.36), or severely frail (FI &gt; 0.36). Fall-related (n = 498), any fracture-related (n = 347), and hip fracture–related hospitalizations (n = 137) and deaths (n = 482) were obtained from linked health records. Associations between FI grades and clinical outcomes were analyzed using multivariable-adjusted Cox-proportional hazard models including age, treatment (calcium/placebo), BMI, smoking history, socioeconomic status, plasma vitamin D (25OHD) status plus season obtained, physical activity, self-reported prevalent falls in the last 3 mo, and self-reported fractures since the age of 50 yr. At baseline, 713 (56.5%), 350 (27.8%), 163 (12.9%), and 35 (2.8%) of women were classified as fit, mildly frail, moderately frail, and severely frail, respectively. Women with mild, moderate, and severe frailty had significantly higher hazards (all P &lt; .05) for a fall-related (46%, 104%, 168%), any fracture-related (88% for moderate, 193% for severe frailty), hip fracture–related hospitalizations (93%, 127%, 129%), and all-cause mortality (47%, 126%, 242%). The FI identified community-dwelling older women at risk for the most serious falls and fractures and may be incorporated into risk assessment tools to identify individuals with poorer clinical prognosis.
A sewing needle in the liver: a case report and literature review
Authors: Shimooki Osamu , Ito Naoko , Hakozaki Masanori , Minakawa Yukihiro , Tono Chihiro , Abe Tadashi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Intrahepatic foreign bodies are rarely reported. Although rare, a few reports of swallowed foreign bodies straying into the liver from the gastrointestinal tract have been published. Herein, we report a case in which an asymptomatic intrahepatic needle was removed laparoscopically. An 81-year-old woman presented to our hospital with an abnormal shadow on her abdominal X-ray image. Abdominal computed tomography displayed a needle-like shadow obliquely lying in the lateral segment of the left lobe of the liver. No subjective symptoms were reported; however, the patient underwent laparoscopic extraction. The postoperative course was good, and the patient was discharged without any complications. We also present a literature review of 27 patients with intrahepatic foreign bodies, a sewing needle.
Granular cell tumor of the brain: case report and review of literature
Authors: Duvuru Shyam , Sanker Vivek , Pandit Deepak , Khan Sheezah , Alebrahim Sara , Dave Tirth 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Granular cell tumors are rare tumors that develop from Schwann cells, which are glial cells surrounding neurons of the peripheral nervous system, which serve in the process of myelination. Granular cell tumors are rarely associated with the central nervous system in humans. In this report, we analyze a patient with granular cell tumor and review the current literature.
In situ open repair of renal artery aneurysm in 43-year-old with solitary kidney: a case report
Authors: Wells Alix , Lokanathan Ramesh , Webb Mitchell , Lie Jessica J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Renal artery aneurysms are rare. Indications for management include size &gt; 3 cm, female gender within childbearing age, pain, hematuria, medically refractory hypertension, thromboembolism, dissection, and rupture. Management options include endovascular, open repair, and ex vivo approaches. A 43-year-old female with a history of polycystic kidney disease, solitary kidney, and uncontrolled hypertension was found to have a proximal large renal aneurysm on imaging. The patient underwent an in situ open aneurysm resection, temporary shunt insertion, and patch repair with good postoperative outcomes. Whereas previous studies showed the success of ex vivo repair and autotransplantation in large aneurysms with solitary kidneys, our case demonstrated that in situ open repair and patch with the use of a temporary shunt is a feasible and effective option. In a patient with a solitary kidney and large proximal renal artery aneurysm, an in situ open approach and patch repair with shunt insertion should be considered.
Management of cerebral abscess with large ventricular septal defect in rural area: a case report
Authors: Argie Donny , Lukito Patrick Putra , Soegianto Sugi Deny Pranoto , Tiluata Leonora Johana , Lauren Christopher 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cerebral abscess is an uncommon complication of cyanotic heart disease. However, it has a high case fatality rate, and its management requires a multidisciplinary approach. Earlier diagnosis would result in a better outcome. In this report, we presented a case of a 6-year-old boy with a cerebral abscess and a large ventricular septal defect, which was treated surgically in a rural area with a limited resources facility.
Malakoplakia of the small intestine presenting as an abdominal mass
Authors: Akhverdyan Nazar , Mutter Marina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Malakoplakia is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that typically involves the urinary and gastrointestinal tracts of immunocompromised individuals. Characteristic histologic features include von Hansemann cells and Michaelis–Gutmann bodies. Clinical manifestations, based on the organ system effected, range from cutaneous lesions, irritative urinary symptoms, and hematochezia. We report a rare example of malakoplakia presenting as an abdominal mass with extensive intestinal and pelvic involvement complicated by a superficial polymicrobial abscess. This case report aims to describe the proposed pathogenesis, variable clinical presentation, and surgical management of malakoplakia.
Single staged buttress plating with constrained knee arthroplasty for distal femur fractures in the elderly
Authors: Robles Emilio L , Linsley Catherine M , Burge John R 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Treatment options for distal femur fractures include open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), arthroplasty, or a hybrid of both. We present a 76 year old female with left knee pain secondary to known osteoarthritis, known lateral condyle insufficiency fracture, and an acute medial condyle fracture. In order to solve the acute and chronic problems in a single procedure, a combined ORIF and constrained condylar knee (CCK) arthroplasty was performed. Arthroplasty alone would have required a highly constrained distal femur replacement, and ORIF alone would have caused prolonged immobilization and continued morbidity from unaddressed chronic problems. We chose a CCK as a less constrained implant would not have protected our ORIF which contained the medial collateral ligament attachment. This technique avoids the complications of ORIF alone, and avoids the known complications of increased constraint in total knee arthroplasty.
On the evolution of a twisted thin accretion disc in eccentric inclined supermassive binary black holes
Authors: Ivanov P B , Zhuravlev V V 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We propose a model of a twisted accretion disc around a Kerr black hole interacting with a secondary black hole of a smaller mass on an inclined eccentric orbit. We use parameters of the system, which may be appropriate for the so-called precessing massive model of OJ 287. We calculate expressions for torque exerted on the disc by the secondary and a contribution of the secondary to the apsidal precession of disc elements by a double averaging procedure over the periods of the secondary and the disc elements. These expressions are used at all scales of interest, including the ones inside the binary orbit. We calculate numerically the evolution of the disc tilt and twist assuming a flat initial configuration. We consider the disc aspect ratio h/r = 10−3, a rather large viscosity parameter α = 0.1 and several values of the primary rotational parameter, χ. We find that, after a few periods of Lense–Thirring precession of the orbit, the disc relaxes to a quasi-stationary configuration in the precessing frame with a non-trivial distribution of the disc inclination angle, β, over the radial scale. We propose an analytic model for this configuration. We show that the presence of the twisted disc leads to multiple crossings of the disc by the secondary per one orbital period, with time periods between the crossings being different from the flat disc model. Our results should be taken into account in the modelling of OJ 287. They can also be applied to similar sources.
Identifying Clinical Phenotypes in People Who Are Hispanic/Latino With Chronic Low Back Pain: Use of Sensor-Based Measures of Posture and Movement, Pain, and Psychological Factors
Authors: Gombatto Sara P , Bailey Barbara , Bari Monica , Bouchekara Juna , Holmes Alyssa , Lenz Stephanie , Simmonds Kerry , Vonarb Alexandra , Whelehon Kim , Batalla Cristina Rangel , Monroe Katrina S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify clinical phenotypes using sensor-based measures of posture and movement, pain behavior, and psychological factors in Hispanic/Latino people with chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Methods
Baseline measures from an ongoing clinical trial were analyzed for 81 Hispanic/Latino people with CLBP. Low back posture and movement were measured using commercial sensors during in-person testing and 8 hours of ecological monitoring. Magnitude, frequency, and duration of lumbar movements, sitting and standing postures were measured. Movement-evoked pain was assessed during in-person movement testing. Psychological measures included the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. Random forest analysis was conducted to generate 2 groups and identify important variables that distinguish groups. Group differences in demographics, pain, psychological, and posture and movement variables were examined using t-tests and chi-square analyses.

Results
Two subgroups of Hispanic/Latino people with CLBP were identified with minimal error (7.4% misclassification [“out-of-bag” error]). Ecological posture and movement measures best distinguished groups, although most movement-evoked pain and psychological measures did not. Group 1 had greater height and weight, lower movement frequency, more time in sitting, and less time in standing. Group 2 had a greater proportion of women than men, longer low back pain duration, higher movement frequency, more time in standing, and less time in sitting.

Conclusion
Two distinct clinical phenotypes of Hispanic/Latino people with CLBP were identified. One group was distinguished by greater height and weight and more sedentary posture and movement behavior; the second group had more women, longer duration of low back pain, higher lumbar spine movement frequency, and longer duration of standing postures.

Impact
Ecological measures of posture and movement are important for identifying 2 clinical phenotypes in Hispanic/Latino people with CLBP and may provide a basis for a more personalized plan of care.

Lay Summary
Wearable sensors were used to measure low back posture and movement in Hispanic/Latino people with chronic low back pain. These posture and movement measures helped to identify 2 different clinical subgroups that will give physical therapists more information to better personalize treatment for chronic low back pain in Hispanic/Latino patients.
Disrupted topological properties of structural brain networks present a glutamatergic neuropathophysiology in people with narcolepsy
Authors: Chen Guoyan , Wang Wen , Wu Haoyang , Zhao Xianchao , Kang Xiaopeng , Ren Jiafeng , Zhang Jun , Sun Yingzhi , He Jiaxiu , Sun Shihui , Zhong Zhao , Shang Danqing , Fan Mengmeng , Cheng Jinxiang , Zhang Dan , Su Changjun , Lin Jiaji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Growing evidences have documented various abnormalities of the white matter bundles in people with narcolepsy. We sought to evaluate topological properties of brain structural networks, and their association with symptoms and neuropathophysiological features in people with narcolepsy.

Methods
Diffusion tensor imaging was conducted for people with narcolepsy (n = 30) and matched healthy controls as well as symptoms assessment. Structural connectivity for each participant was generated to analyze global and regional topological properties and their correlations with narcoleptic features. Further human brain transcriptome was extracted and spatially registered for connectivity vulnerability. Genetic functional enrichment analysis was performed and further clarified using in vivo emission computed tomography data.

Results
A wide and dramatic decrease in structural connectivities was observed in people with narcolepsy, with descending network degree and global efficiency. These metrics were not only correlated with sleep latency and awakening features, but also reflected alterations of sleep macrostructure in people with narcolepsy. Network-based statistics identified a small hyperenhanced subnetwork of cingulate gyrus that was closely related to rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in narcolepsy. Further imaging genetics analysis suggested glutamatergic signatures were responsible for the preferential vulnerability of connectivity alterations in people with narcolepsy, while additional PET/SPECT data verified that structural alteration was significantly correlated with metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlutR5) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA).

Conclusions
People with narcolepsy endured a remarkable decrease in the structural architecture, which was not only closely related to narcolepsy symptoms but also glutamatergic signatures.
Upregulation of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling in immune cells and its correlation with inflammatory markers in patients with major depression
Authors: Yang Chun‐Rui , Liang Rui , Liu Yuan , Meng Fan‐Jie , Zhou Fiona , Zhang Xiao‐Yang , Ning Li , Wang Zhi‐Qiang , Liu Shuang , Zhou Xin‐Fu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProBDNF is the precursor protein of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Previous studies showed that the blood levels of both proBDNF and p75 neurotrophic receptors (p75NTR) in major depressive disorder (MDD) were increased, but which blood cell types express proBDNF and its receptors is not known. Furthermore, the relationship between proBDNF/p75NTR and inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood of MDD is unclear. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum were obtained from depressive patients (n = 32) and normal donors (n = 20). We examined the expression of proBDNF and inflammatory markers and their correlative relationship in patients with major depression. Using flow cytometry analysis, we examined which blood cells express proBDNF and its receptors. Finally, the role of proBDNF/p75NTR signal in inflammatory immune activity of PBMCs was verified in vitro experiments. Inflammatory cytokines in PBMC from MDD patients were increased and correlated with the major depression scores. The levels of IL‐1β and IL‐10 were also positively correlated with the major depression scores, while the levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6 were negatively correlated with the major depression scores. Intriguingly, the levels of sortilin were positively correlated with IL‐1β. Q‐PCR and Western blots showed proBDNF, p75NTR, and sortilin levels were significantly increased in PBMCs from MDD patients compared with that from the normal donors. Flow cytometry studies showed that proBDNF and p75NTR were present mainly in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The number of proBDNF and p75NTR positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from MDD patients was increased and subsequently reversed after therapeutic management. Exogenous proBDNF protein or p75ECD‐Fc treatment of cultured PBMC affected the release of inflammatory cytokines in vitro. ProBDNF promoted the expression of inflammatory cytokines, while p75ECD‐Fc inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Given there was an inflammatory response of lymphocytes to proBDNF, it is suggested that proBDNF/p75NTR signaling may upstream inflammatory cytokines in MDD. Our data suggest that proBDNF/p75NTR signaling may not only serve as biomarkers but also may be a potential therapeutic target for MDD.
Analogs of α‐conotoxin PnIC selectively inhibit α7β2‐ over α7‐only subtype nicotinic acetylcholine receptors via a novel allosteric mechanism
Authors: George Andrew A. , John Sabin J. , Lucero Linda M. , Eaton J. Brek , Jaiswal Ekta , Christensen Sean B. , Gajewiak Joanna , Watkins Maren , Cao Yiwei , Olivera Baldomero M. , Im Wonpil , McIntosh J. Michael , Whiteaker Paul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study was undertaken to identify and characterize the first ligands capable of selectively identifying nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing α7 and β2 subunits (α7β2‐nAChR subtype). Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons express α7β2‐nAChR. Here, they appear to mediate neuronal dysfunction induced by the elevated levels of oligomeric amyloid‐β associated with early Alzheimer's disease. Additional work indicates that α7β2‐nAChR are expressed across several further critically important cholinergic and GABAergic neuronal circuits within the central nervous system. Further studies, however, are significantly hindered by the inability of currently available ligands to distinguish heteromeric α7β2‐nAChR from the closely related and more widespread homomeric α7‐only‐nAChR subtype. Functional screening using two‐electrode voltage‐clamp electrophysiology identified a family of α7β2‐nAChR‐selective analogs of α‐conotoxin PnIC (α‐CtxPnIC). A combined electrophysiology, functional kinetics, site‐directed mutagenesis, and molecular dynamics approach was used to further characterize the α7β2‐nAChR selectivity and site of action of these α‐CtxPnIC analogs. We determined that α7β2‐nAChR selectivity of α‐CtxPnIC analogs arises from interactions at a site distinct from the orthosteric agonist‐binding site shared between α7β2‐ and α7‐only‐nAChR. As numerous previously identified α‐Ctx ligands are competitive antagonists of orthosteric agonist‐binding sites, this study profoundly expands the scope of use of α‐Ctx ligands (which have already provided important nAChR research and translational breakthroughs). More immediately, analogs of α‐CtxPnIC promise to enable, for the first time, both comprehensive mapping of the distribution of α7β2‐nAChR and detailed investigations of their physiological roles.
A modification of the intraocular lens blocking technique without posterior capsulorhexis for intraocular foreign body removal
Authors: Saygılı Oğuzhan , Seyyar Sevim Ayça , Tokuç Ecem Önder 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
The intraocular lens (IOL) blocking technique described for the removal of intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) emerged as a result of an effort to prevent the foreign body from being retracted into the posterior segment due to the resistance encountered while removing it from the corneal incision. However, in the technique described, in addition to the difficulty of the surgical procedure, the new concern is to create a posterior capsulorhexis according to the size of the foreign body and to pass the foreign body through the capsulorhexis.

Methods:
Here we describe a new approach to the IOL blocking technique. In this approach, the IOFB, which is held with intraocular forceps without any opening in the posterior capsule, is held in a perpendicular position to the long axis, lifted directly into the anterior chamber, and safely removed from the front of the monoblock foldable IOL.

Results:
In all patients treated with this approach, IOFBs were successfully removed without intraoperative or postoperative complications, and postoperative IOL centralization was achieved in all patients.

Conclusion:
This approach may provide practicality to the IOL blocking technique.