bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and morphogenic effects of the interaction between protein kinase C‐epsilon and actin in vitro and in cultured NIH3T3 cells
Authors: Hernandez Robert M. , Wescott Ginger G. , Mayhew Mark W. , McJilton Meagan A. , Terrian David M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractProtein kinase C‐epsilon coordinately regulates changes in cell growth and shape. Cells overproducing protein kinase C‐epsilon spontaneously acquire a polarized morphology and extend long cellular membrane protrusions that are reminiscent of the morphology observed in ras‐transformed fibroblasts. Here we report that the regulatory C1 domain contains an actin binding hexapeptide motif that is essential for the morphogenic effects of protein kinase C‐epsilon in cultured NIH3T3 murine fibroblasts. The extension of elongate processes by protein kinase C‐epsilon transformed fibroblasts appeared to be driven by a kinase‐independent mechanism that required organized networks of both actin and microtubules. Flow cytometry of phalloidin‐stained cells demonstrated that protein kinase C‐epsilon significantly increased the cellular content of polymerized actin in NIH3T3 cells. Studies with a cell‐free system suggest that protein kinase C‐epsilon inhibits the in vitro disassembly of actin filaments, is capable of desequestering actin monomers from physiologically relevant concentrations of thymosin β4, and increases the rate of actin filament elongation by decreasing the critical concentration of actin. Based on these and other observations, it is proposed that protein kinase C‐epsilon may function as a terminal downstream effector in at least one of the signaling pathways that mitogens engage to initiate outgrowth of cellular protrusions. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 532–546, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contrasting effects of midazolam on induction of heat shock protein 27 by vasopressin and heat in aortic smooth muscle cells
Authors: Tanabe Kumiko , Kozawa Osamu , Niwa Masayuki , Yamomoto Takuji , Matsuno Hiroyuki , Ito Hidenori , Kato Kanefusa , Dohi Shuji , Uematsu Toshihiko 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe previously showed that vasopressin stimulates the induction of heat shock protein (HSP) 27, a low molecular‐weight HSP, through protein kinase C activation in aortic smooth muscle A10 cells. In the present study, we examined the effects of midazolam, an intravenous anesthetic, on the HSP27 induction stimulated by vasopressin, heat, or sodium arsenite (arsenite) in A10 cells. Midazolam inhibited the accumulation of HSP27 induced by vasopressin or 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA), a direct activator of protein kinase C. Midazolam also reduced the vasopressin‐induced level of the mRNA for HSP27. In contrast, midazolam enhanced the HSP27‐accumulation induced by heat or arsenite. Midazolam also enhanced the heat‐increased level of the mRNA for HSP27. However, midazolam had no effect on the dissociation of the aggregated form of HSP27 following stimulation by vasopressin, heat, or arsenite. These results suggest that midazolam suppresses vasopressin‐stimulated HSP27 induction in vascular smooth muscle cells, and that this inhibitory effect is exerted at a point downstream from protein kinase C. In contrast, midazolam enhanced heat‐ or arsenite‐stimulated HSP27 induction. Thus, midazolam has dual effects on the HSP27 induction stimulated by various stresses in vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 84: 39–46, 2002. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A systematic sequence of relativistic approximations
Authors: Dyall Kenneth G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn approach to the development of a systematic sequence of relativistic approximations is reviewed. The approach depends on the atomically localized nature of relativistic effects, and is based on the normalized elimination of the small component in the matrix modified Dirac equation. Errors in the approximations are assessed relative to four‐component Dirac‐Hartree‐Fock calculations or other reference points. Projection onto the positive energy states of the isolated atoms provides an approximation in which the energy‐dependent parts of the matrices can be evaluated in separate atomic calculations and implemented in terms of two sets of contraction coefficients. The errors in this approximation are extremely small, of the order of 0.001 pm in bond lengths and tens of microhartrees in absolute energies. From this approximation it is possible to partition the atoms into relativistic and nonrelativistic groups and to treat the latter with the standard operators of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. This partitioning is shared with the relativistic effective core potential approximation. For atoms in the second period, errors in the approximation are of the order of a few hundredths of a picometer in bond lengths and less than 1 kJ mol−1 in dissociation energies; for atoms in the third period, errors are a few tenths of a picometer and a few kilojoule/mole, respectively. A third approximation for scalar relativistic effects replaces the relativistic two‐electron integrals with the nonrelativistic integrals evaluated with the atomic Foldy‐Wouthuysen coefficients as contraction coefficients. It is similar to the Douglas‐Kroll‐Hess approximation, and is accurate to about 0.1 pm and a few tenths of a kilojoule/mole. The integrals in all the approximations are no more complicated than the integrals in the full relativistic methods, and their derivatives are correspondingly easy to formulate and evaluate. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 786–793, 2002
Specific force field parameters determination for the hybrid ab initio QM/MM LSCF method
Authors: Ferré Nicolas , Assfeld Xavier , Rivail Jean‐Louis 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe pure quantum mechanics method, called Local Self‐Consistent Field (LSCF), that allows to optimize a wave function within the constraint that some predefined spinorbitals are kept frozen, is discussed. These spinorbitals can be of any shape, and their occupation numbers can be 0 or 1. Any post‐Hartree–Fock method, based on the restricted or unrestricted Hartree–Fock Slater determinant, and Kohn–Sham‐based DFT method are available. The LSCF method is easily applied to hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) procedure where the quantum and the classical parts are covalently bonded. The complete methodology of our hybrid QM/MM scheme is detailed for studies of macromolecular systems. Not only the energy but also the gradients are derived; thus, the full geometry optimization of the whole system is feasible. We show that only specific force field parameters are needed for a correct description of the molecule, they are given for some general chemical bonds. A careful analysis of the errors induced by the use of molecular mechanics in hybrid computation show that a general procedure can be derived to obtain accurate results at low computation effort. The methodology is applied to the structure determination of the crambin protein and to Menshutkin reactions between primary amines and chloromethane. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 610–624, 2002
Existence of (q, 7, 1) difference families with q a prime power
Authors: Chen K. , Wei R. , Zhu L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe existence of a (q,k, 1) difference family in GF(q) has been completely solved for k = 3,4,5,6. For k = 7 only partial results have been given. In this article, we continue the investigation and use Weil's theorem on character sums to show that the necessary condition for the existence of a (q,7,1) difference family in GF(q), i.e. q ≡ 1; (mod 42) is also sufficient except for q = 43 and possibly except for q = 127, q = 211, q = 316 and primes q∈ [261239791, 1.236597 × 1013] such that $(-3)^{q-1\over 14} = 1$ in GF(q). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 10: 126–138, 2002; DOI 10.1002/jcd.998
Comparison of ANA endpoint dilution using the PolyTiter™ immunofluorescent titration system and conventional serial dilution
Authors: Bizzaro Nicola , Borden Kimberlee K. , Flessland Karen A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe PolyTiter™ immunofluorescent titration system (PolyTiter system), an attachment for conventional fluorescent microscopes, facilitates immunofluorescent antinuclear antibody (IFA‐ANA) testing by using calibrated light attenuation to determine the semiquantitative endpoint dilution or titer of ANA‐positive specimens. The objective of this study was to compare the determination of ANA titer using the PolyTiter system to that of the conventional serial dilution method. A total of 172 consecutive ANA‐IFA positive serum specimens, including the four most common pattern types, were evaluated in parallel by two readers to determine the dilution endpoint. The two methods produced equal dilution endpoints in 78 specimens (45%), within 1‐dilution endpoint in 121 specimens (70%), and within 2‐dilutions endpoint in 158 specimens (92%). The conventional method consistently produced a more conservative dilution endpoint than the PolyTiter system for three of the four patterns evaluated (i.e., centromere, nucleolar, and speckled vs. homogeneous). The PolyTiter system demonstrated satisfactory performance in comparison to the current standard for determining ANA dilution endpoints, while significantly reducing operator labor, time, and materials usage. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:91–94, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Opposition to prescriptive authority: Is this a case of the tail wagging the dog?
Authors: Caccavale John 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis essay proposes that opposition to prescriptive authority (RxP) is not grounded in or based on any objective data. Opposition arguments fall into the category of ideology, opinion, and inappropriate economic beliefs. Moreover, what scant data does exist with respect to prescribing psychologists, the data disputes the main arguments in opposition to RxP. Major themes expressed by RxP opponents are analyzed, and counterarguments are presented concluding that RxP opposition is not precedent‐setting but part of the historical tension between academic and applied psychologists. The only precedent may be in the way the controversy is resolved. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 623–633, 2002.
A cognitive‐interpersonal case study of a self
Authors: Muran J. Christopher , Samstag Lisa Wallner , Ventur Elisa D. , Segal Zindel V. , Winston Arnold 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis article presents an integrated conception of the self based on cognitive and interpersonal theories. Implications for clinical practice are outlined, which include understanding the therapeutic relationship as a laboratory and change as involving self‐expansion. Implications for clinical research are also presented and exemplified by two strategies, which are demonstrated in a single case study of a patient who successfully underwent a brief‐term treatment. The first involves the use of Interpersonal Scenarios, which are structured idiographic vignettes scaled on several parameters, to measure change between psychotherapy sessions. The second involves the use of the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior, a measure of interpersonal process, and the Experiencing Scale, a measure of emotional involvement, to measure change within a session. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 307–330, 2001.
Pain patient profile and the assessment of malingered pain
Authors: McGuire Brian E. , Shores E. Arthur 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study investigated whether a pain sample and pain simulators could be distinguished on the Pain Patient Profile (P3). Forty patients with a pain condition completed the P3 under normal instructions, while 20 students responded under instructions to feign a pain disorder but to attempt to avoid detection. The simulators did not differ on the P3 Validity Scale compared with the pain group, but scored significantly higher than the pain group on the P3 clinical scales (Depression, Anxiety, Somatization). The simulators were more likely to obtain an abnormal score (T score > 55) on all of the clinical scales. The Depression scale had highest positive and negative predictive power and correctly classified 80% of the participants. The P3 may be a useful screening tool for assessing those feigning pain but requires further research. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 401–409, 2001.
Treating chronic‐pain patients in psychotherapy
Authors: Tumlin Timothy R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the breadth of issues a therapist may face in treating a person with chronic pain. Questions such as the relative contributions of biological and psychosocial influences on the patient's reported condition must be addressed. In addition, the counselor often must help the patient deal with psychopathology that occurs in reaction to the pain, which is likely to be contributing to it. Other financial, medical, and legal circumstances also may impinge on the therapeutic framework to limit or influence the course of treatment. Two examples of treatment lessons are offered, and a case example illustrates the lengthy and multidimensional course some treatments can take. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Sess 57: 1277–1288, 2001.
High‐impact therapy for smoking cessation
Authors: Dornelas Ellen A. , Magnavita Jeffrey J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and disability—and thus an issue of considerable importance to psychotherapists. The majority of smoking‐cessation programs available to the public uses an effective group format, but it remains underused. Many smokers who seek treatment request individual counseling; however, empirically based individual treatments are still in the early stages of development. High‐impact therapy is a form of short‐term dynamic psychotherapy adapted by the authors for the treatment of the hard‐core smoker. It recognizes that the relationship among smoking, life stressors, personality factors, and psychological disorders is complex, and it intervenes using motivational and defense‐challenging techniques. One of the main and distinctive features of this model is the emphasis on emotional arousal to facilitate the mastery of emotional conflict, making this a high‐impact form of psychotherapy. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session 57: 1311–1322, 2001.
Brief treatment for elementary school children with disaster‐related posttraumatic stress disorder: A field study
Authors: Chemtob Claude M. , Nakashima Joanne , Carlson John G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEffective psychological intervention is needed to help children recover from disaster‐related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This controlled study evaluated the effectiveness of a brief intervention for disaster‐related PTSD. At one‐year follow‐up of a prior intervention for disaster‐related symptoms, some previously treated children were still suffering significant trauma symptoms. Using a randomized lagged‐groups design, we provided three sessions of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment to 32 of these children who met clinical criteria for PTSD. The Children's Reaction Inventory (CRI) was the primary measure of the treatment's effect on PTSD symptoms. Associated symptoms were measured using the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Treatment resulted in substantial reductions in both groups' CRI scores and in significant, though more modest, reduc‐ tions in RCMAS and CDI scores. Gains were maintained at six‐month
follow‐up. Health visits to the school nurse were significantly reduced following treatment. Psychosocial intervention appears useful for children suffering disaster‐related PTSD. Conducting controlled studies of children's treatment in the postdisaster environment appears feasible. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 99–112, 2002.
Latin American Community‐based Mental Health Initiative: Stakeholder matrix tool
Authors: Mignone Javier 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis article presents a matrix tool that facilitates a systemic view, both for planning and evaluation purposes, of the roles and interactions between key stakeholders in community‐based mental health programs. The tool emerged from a community mental health initiative centered on natural caregivers, that commenced in 1995 in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and involved the Latin American community, social agencies, and health institutions. The article describes the Latin American Community‐based Mental Health Initiative and exemplifies the use of the stakeholder matrix tool. The purpose of the tool is to assist community‐based initiatives to explicitly examine, on an ongoing basis, roles, interactions, and areas of tension between its stakeholders. The lack of this examination undermines the possibility for community‐based initiatives to overcome the many challenges they face. The stakeholder matrix tool offers a relatively straightforward structure from where to initiate this process, be it from a planning and/or evaluation perspective. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adjuncts in diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical monitoring of breast, gynecologic, and hematolymphopoietic malignancies: Third joint international workshop, Lacco Ameno d'Ischia, Italy, October 2001*
Authors: Giordano Giovan Giacomo , Sigalotti Luca , Maio Michele 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe aim of the third edition of this workshop was to address the most relevant topics and the latest achievements in the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical monitoring of breast, gynecologic, and hematolymphopoietic malignancies. As with the two previous editions, scientific leaders in the fields of pathology, clinical oncology, and basic research have been gathered together to promote a continuous flow of theoretical and practical information among basic research, diagnosis, and therapeutic innovation in order to achieve timely and effective progresses in defeating human cancer. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PR‐39 coordinates changes in vascular smooth muscle cell adhesive strength and locomotion by modulating cell surface heparan sulfate–matrix interactions
Authors: Chon John H. , Houston Michelle M. , Xu Chengpei , Chaikof Elliot L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPR‐39 is proline‐rich peptide produced at sites of tissue injury. While the functional properties of this peptide have not been fully defined, PR‐39 may be an important regulator of processes related to cell‐matrix adhesion since it reportedly upregulates syndecan‐4, which is a critical determinant of focal adhesion formation. The ability of PR‐39 to modulate the adhesion and chemokinetic migration behavior of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in a fashion coordinated with syndecan‐4 expression was investigated. Treatment of SMCs with PR‐39 did not alter syndecan‐1 mRNA, but did induce a two‐fold increase in syndecan‐4 mRNA (P < 0.0001) and significantly enhanced cell surface expression of both syndecan‐4 (P < 0.01) and heparan sulfate (HS) (P < 0.05). These observations were consistent with an observed increase in cell‐matrix adhesive strength (P < 0.05) and a reduction in cell speed (P < 0.01) on fibronectin‐coated substrates. Incubation of PR‐39 treated cells with a soluble fibronectin derived heparin‐binding peptide, as a competitive inhibitor of heparan sulfate/matrix interactions, abolished these effects. These data suggest that PR‐39 mediated alterations of cell adhesion and motility may be related, in part, to the increased expression of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that accompany the upregulation of cell surface syndecan‐4. Futhermore, this investigation supports the notion that factors which control syndecan‐4 expression may play an important role in regulating adhesion related cell processes. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
COMPACT: a structural approach to the modelling of cytochromes P450 and their interactions with xenobiotics
Authors: Lewis David F V 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn overview of the COMPACT method for evaluating potential toxicity mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes is presented. Particular aspects of P450s are described, together with details of QSARs and homology modelling of mammalian P450s associated with foreign compound metabolism.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Phages and their application against drug‐resistant bacteria
Authors: Chanishvili N , Chanishvili T , Tediashvili M , Barrow P A 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAt the beginning of the 20th century the phenomenon of spontaneous bacterial lysis was discovered independently by Twort and d'Herelle. Despite the suggestion at that time by d'Herelle that these agents might be applied to the control of bacterial diseases in the west this idea was explored in a desultory fashion only and was eventually discarded largely due to the advent of extensive antibiotic usage. However, interest was maintained in countries of the former Soviet Union where bacteriophage therapy has been applied extensively since that time. Central to this work was the Eliava Institute of Bacteriophage, Microbiology and Virology in Tbilisi, Georgia, which was founded in 1923 through the joint efforts of d'Herelle and the Georgian George Eliava. Ironically, given his contributions to public health in the Soviet Union, Eliava was branded as an enemy of the people in 1937 and executed. d'Herelle never again returned to Georgia. In spite of these tragic events this institute remained the focus for phage therapy in the world and despite being continuously active in this field for 75 years, now struggles for its financial life. In the Eliava Institute, phages were sought for bacterial pathogens implicated in disease outbreaks in different parts of the Soviet Union and were dispatched for use in hospitals throughout the country. Although infections caused by a wide variety of bacterial pathogens have been treated, much of this has been published in Russian and is not readily available in the west. Work has also been carried out in Poland over many years and this has only recently been published in English. By contrast, interest in the west has been limited to a small number of enthusiasts and academics and until very recently little interest has been shown. The main reason that the medical and scientific communities are now beginning to take notice, is the continuing world‐wide rise in the incidence of multiply‐antibiotic‐resistant bacterial pathogens and the absence of effective means for their control. Recent publicity over the work of the Eliava Institute has concentrated the minds of the western world on the potential for infectious disease control that bacteriophage offer, a procedure that is biologically more acceptable than antibiotic use and which has been in use for several decades already.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry