bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic and behavioral alterations associated with viral vector-mediated toxicity in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus
Authors: Savani Rohan , Park Erin , Busannagari Nidhi , Lu Yi , Kwon Hyokjoon , Wang Le , Pang Zhiping P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: Combining adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of Cre recombinase with genetically modified floxed animals is a powerful approach for assaying the functional role of genes in regulating behavior and metabolism. Extensive research in diverse cell types and tissues using AAV-Cre has shown it can save time and avoid developmental compensation as compared with using Cre driver mouse line crossings. We initially sought to study the impact of the ablation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) using intracranial AAV-Cre injection in adult animals.
Methods: In the present study, we stereotactically injected AAV8-hSyn-Cre or a control AAV8-hSyn-GFP in both Crh-floxed and wild-type mouse PVN to assess behavioral and metabolic impacts. We then used immunohistochemical markers to systematically evaluate the density of hypothalamic peptidergic neurons and glial cells.
Results: We found that delivery of one specific preparation of AAV8-hSyn-Cre in the PVN led to the development of obesity, hyperphagia, and anxiety-like behaviors. This effect occurred independent of sex and in both floxed and wild-type mice. We subsequently found that AAV8-hSyn-Cre led to neuronal cell death and gliosis at the site of viral vector injections. These behavioral and metabolic deficits were dependent on injection into the PVN. An alternatively sourced AAV-Cre did not reproduce the same results.
Conclusions: Our findings reveal that delivery of a specific batch of AAV-Cre could lead to cellular toxicity and lesions in the PVN that cause robust metabolic and behavioral impacts. These alterations can complicate the interpretation of Cre-mediated gene knockout and highlight the need for rigorous controls.
Stochastic array antenna figures‐of‐merit for quality‐of‐service‐enhanced massive MIMO
Authors: Kanters Noud , Glazunov Andrés Alayón 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper shows that the signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) at a base station (BS) equipped with an arbitrary physical array antenna can be expressed as a function of two fundamental, stochastic figure of merits (FoMs): (I) the instantaneous effective gain (IEG) and (II) the beamforming‐channel correlation (BCC). This result is achieved by applying a novel channel normalization approach using a reference array to preserve effects induced by the embedded element patterns of physical antenna elements. It is shown that both FoMs provide essential insights for quality‐of‐service (QoS)‐based array antenna design by investigating their statistics for BSs applying full‐digital (FD) zero forcing (ZF) beamforming. Various array designs are evaluated, and it is shown that arrays with higher IEGs and a reduced probability of low BCCs can increase the ergodic sum rate and reduce the need for scheduling.
A cyclic‐shift based method for counting cycles of quasi‐cyclic LDPC codes
Authors: Xu Hengzhou , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Li Huaan , Zhu Hai , Zhang Bo , Liu Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractM. Fossorier proposed how to determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of cycles in the Tanner graph of quasi‐cyclic LDPC (QC‐LDPC) codes, which has been widely investigated in the study of LDPC codes. This paper presents some new necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of cycles with arbitrary lengths and proposes a simple and novel method for counting cycles of QC‐LDPC codes based on the improved conditions. Numerical results show that, compared with the existing methods, the presented method is effective and feasible and can enumerate cycles of QC‐LDPC codes in a cyclic‐shift way.
A novel programmed hybrid modulation for electromagnetic interference mitigation and current ripple control in miniaturised synchronous machine drives
Authors: Ma Hongtai , Li Li , Fan Kunpeng , Guo Youguang , Jin Zhihui , Luo Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA novel programmed hybrid spreading spectrum modulation method to mitigate electromagnetic interference (EMI) emission and bearing current in the context of miniaturised and lightweight synchronous machine drives is proposed. The proposed method adopts the combination of conventional pulsewidth modulation (PWM) and low common mode voltage PWM. The offline look‐up table for switching frequency is acquired by analysing the root mean square voltage values at different modulation indices and angles. By adjusting the switching frequency according to this table, the spectrum can be spread into the sidebands of the switching frequency, and the harmonic spike can be suppressed. To address the challenge of increased current ripple and harmonic distortion in high torque density motors under overload conditions, a motor model that considers the cross‐saturation and slotting effect is presented. This motor model is used to derive the switching frequency correction factors, aiming to mitigate the influence of saturation and slotting effect on harmonic amplification. The proposed method is well‐suited for controlling synchronous motors using three‐phase two‐level voltage source inverters. The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, showcasing its advantages in terms of computational complexity reduction and significant attenuation of peak EMI currents.
Orthopädische Rehabilitation für ältere
Patienten – auch ambulant möglich?
Authors: Müller Marcus , Daiber Susanne , Messingschlager Martin , Brunssen Joscha 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Patientenalter als reine Zahl ist kein Maßstab
für die Entscheidung über die Durchführung einer
ambulanten oder stationären orthopädischen bzw. sogar
geriatrischen Rehabilitationsmaßnahme. Ältere Patienten brauchen
mehr noch als jüngere eine gesamtheitliche Betrachtung und Behandlung
unter Berücksichtigung der resultierenden
Funktionseinschränkungen, um die übergeordneten
Rehabilitationsziele Erhalt der Teilhabe am Leben in der Gemeinschaft und
Vermeidung von Pflegebedürftigkeit zu erreichen.
Materialien und Methode Der Artikel soll die Besonderheiten der
orthopädischen Rehabilitation älterer Patienten herausarbeiten
unter dem Aspekt die Maßnahmen ggfalls. auch im ambulanten Setting
durchzuführen ohne Distanzierung der Menschen aus ihrem sozialen Umfeld.
Die Arbeit reflektiert dabei die Praxis einer ambulanten orthopädischen
Rehabilitationseinrichtung und bringt zusätzliche Erkenntnisse durch
Ergebnisse einer früheren Studie, deren Ergebnisse für die
Altersgruppen ab 70 neu ausgewertet wurde.
Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen Ambulante Rehabilitation wirkt –
auch für ältere Patienten. Den besonderen Anforderungen in der
Behandlung älterer Menschen ist dabei jedoch durch Anpassung der
Rehabilitation Rechnung zu tragen. Patient Reported Outcomes zeigen für
alle Indikationen auch für Patienten älter als 70 und
älter als 80 Jahre signifikant positive Veränderungen im
ambulanten Rehabilitationsverlauf.
Harnessing the Power of C–H Functionalization Chemistry to Accelerate Drug Discovery
Authors: Krska Shane W. , Li Bing , Tyagarajan Sriram , Dykstra Kevin D. , Cernak Tim , Vachal Petr 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe field of C–H functionalization chemistry has experienced rapid growth in the past twenty years, with increasingly powerful applications in organic synthesis. Recognizing the potential of this emerging field to impact drug discovery, a dedicated effort was established in our laboratories more than ten years ago, with the goal of facilitating the application of C–H functionalization chemistries to active medicinal-chemistry programs. Our approach centered around the strategy of late-stage functionalization (LSF) wherein C–H functionalization chemistry is employed in a systematic and targeted manner to generate high-value analogues from advanced drug leads. To successfully realize this approach, we developed broadly useful LSF chemistry platforms and workflows that increased the success rates of the C–H functionalization chemistries and accelerated access to new derivatives. The LSF strategy, when properly applied, enabled a rapid synthesis of molecules designed to address specific medicinal-chemistry issues. Several case studies are presented, along with descriptions of the group’s platforms and workflows.1	Introduction2	Building an LSF Chemistry Toolbox2.1	C–H Borylation2.2	Minisci Platforms2.3	Automated Direct-Metalation Platform3	Building an LSF Workflow4	LSF Application Case Studies4.1	BTK Inhibitor Program4.2	GPR40 Agonist Program5	Conclusions
Association of Mild Iodine Insufficiency during Pregnancy with Child Neurodevelopment in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism or Hypothyroxinemia
Authors: Casey Brian M. , Mele Lisa , Peaceman Alan M. , Varner Michael W. , Reddy Uma M. , Wapner Ronald J. , Thorp John M. , Saade George R. , Tita Alan T.N. , Rouse Dwight J. , Sibai Baha M. , Costantine Maged M. , Mercer Brian M. , Caritis Steve N. ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network, Bethesda, MD
Published: January 2024

Objective Our objective was to evaluate whether iodine status in pregnant patients with either subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia in the first half of pregnancy is associated with measures of behavior and neurodevelopment in children through the age of 5 years.
Study Design This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter study consisting of two randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled treatment trials conducted in parallel. Patients with a singleton gestation before 20 weeks' gestation underwent thyroid screening using serum thyrotropin and free thyroxine. Participants with subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia were randomized to levothyroxine replacement or an identical placebo. At randomization, maternal urine was collected and stored for subsequent urinary iodine excretion analysis. Urinary iodine concentrations greater than 150 μg/L were considered iodine sufficient, and concentrations of 150 μg/L or less were considered iodine insufficient. The primary outcome was a full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) score at the age of 5 years, the general conceptual ability score from the Differential Ability Scales-II at the age of 3 if IQ was not available, or death before 3 years.
Results A total of 677 pregnant participants with subclinical hypothyroidism and 526 with hypothyroxinemia were randomized. The primary outcome was available in 1,133 (94%) of children. Overall, 684 (60%) of mothers were found to have urinary iodine concentrations >150 μg/L. Children of iodine-sufficient participants with subclinical hypothyroidism had similar primary outcome scores when compared to children of iodine-insufficient participants (95 [84–105] vs. 96 [87–109], P
adj = 0.73). After adjustment, there was also no difference in IQ scores among children of participants with hypothyroxinemia at 5 to 7 years of age (94 [85 – 102] and 91 [81 – 100], Padj 1/4 0.11). Treatment with levothyroxine was not associated with neurodevelopmental or behavioral outcomes regardless of maternal iodine status (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Maternal urinary iodine concentrations ≤150 μg/L were not associated with abnormal cognitive or behavioral outcomes in offspring of participants with either subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia.
Key Points
A Retrospective Analysis of Incidence and Risk Factors for the Development of Secondary Infections Following COVID-19
Authors: Parthasarathy Rama , Rajagopal Jayakumar , Konaka Gautamdas Sandeep , Sarvepalli Tanushree , Govindaraj Ramanaprasanth 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction The SARS-CoV-2 virus primarily affects the lungs causing a heightened immune response due to viral and host cell interaction, which prompts the release of proinflammatory cytokines and reduces the defense mechanisms of the immune system, making the patient vulnerable to secondary infections. The study aims to identify the incidence and risk factors for secondary infections developing after COVID-19.
Methods and Materials A retrospective study was conducted on 669 patients who were readmitted after COVID-19 to a tertiary care hospital. The development of secondary infections in these populations was identified. The data were collected from the medical records department.
Statistical Analysis Incidence was calculated by the ratio of the total number of patients who developed secondary infections among readmitted patients divided by the total number of readmitted patients during the study period. Univariate analysis was performed to identify the statistically significant variables that were used in logistic regression for identifying the risk factors for secondary infection. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS version 28.0.
Results and Discussion In this study, 85 patients were found to have developed secondary infections with an incidence of 12.7%. Among the reported six infections, mucormycosis showed the highest incidence (34.1%), followed by sepsis and urinary tract infection. Nine patients developed tuberculosis as a post-COVID-19 secondary infection. General risk factors for secondary infections include male gender, presence of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease (CKD), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and D-dimer, and administration of steroids particularly medium-dose steroids.
Conclusion Secondary infections can occur within 43 days of COVID-19 infection for every 12.7 per 100 patients in whom there is bacterial or fungal infections. Of these secondary infections, incidence of mucormycosis and sepsis was found to be higher in our study. COVID-19-infected patients who have either of these factors such as elevated inflammatory markers (Il-6 and D-dimer), the presence of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and CKD, ICU admission, and the use of steroids are at risk of developing secondary infections. Through proper screening, we can prevent patients who are at risk of developing secondary infections.
Board reforms and M&A performance: international evidence
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Farooq , Aktas Nihat , Cumming Douglas , Xu Guosong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research employs a difference-in-differences framework to study the impact of major board reforms on the performance of mergers and acquisitions (M&As). Using an international sample of board reforms implemented in 61 countries from 1985 to 2021, we document a drastic redistribution of wealth from target shareholders to acquirer shareholders after the board reforms in target countries. This effect is most pronounced in M&A transactions that involve the sale of controlling shares, thereby supporting the hypothesis that corporate board reforms mitigate the private benefits of control in the target firm. Furthermore, these reforms increase expected deal synergies, in that deal-level announcement returns are higher after the implementation of the reforms. When country-level institutional quality and legal protection of shareholders are greater, it reinforces the reform effects. Overall M&A activity remains unchanged following the reforms, yet financial bidders complete fewer transactions, implying a reform-induced squeeze-out of financial bidders from the M&A market in the target country. Collectively, these international results are consistent with the predictions of the private benefits of control theory and underscore the role of institutional quality and investor protection in reinforcing the effects of board reforms worldwide.
Influence factors and mechanism of backscattering characteristics of electromagnetic waves in a single layer plasma tube array
Authors: Liu Rubing , Peng Jun , Qiu Dianqing , Lin Liguang , Liu Zhen , Lin Qi 
Published: January 2024

A single-row plasma tube array (PTA) experimental system is established to improve the backscattering attenuation of a metal plate covered by a plasma tube array. The backscattering test system is utilized in a microwave anechoic chamber to examine the effects of gas composition, pressure, tube diameter, and discharge power on the backscattering attenuation of a metal plate using a plasma tube array. The electron density is obtained via microwave diagnosis. The backscattering attenuation mechanism in different frequency bands is revealed via numerical simulation. The results show that the reasonable selection of PTA parameters achieves strong attenuation in different frequency bands. The strong attenuation frequency bands of Ar–Hg PTA are in low frequency (1.5–3.5 GHz) and high frequency (13–17 GHz), while that of Ne–Hg discharge is in medium frequency (6.4–11.7 GHz). When the pressure is 0.5 and 1 Torr, the PTA shows a low, medium, and high multi-band distribution for the backscattering strong attenuation region. The backscattering strong attenuation region shows a low and high dual-band distribution, while the pressure is 2–4 Torr. As the tube diameter increases, the strong attenuation region maintains the dual-band, but it changes from low and high frequency bands to medium frequency (6-12 GHz), where the backscattering attenuation mechanism is collisional absorption when the frequency of plasma electron oscillation is close to that of electro-magnetic waves. The backscattering attenuation mechanism in the low frequency band involves the periodic structure of PTA generating local surface plasmon to absorb electromagnetic waves.
Bond dissociation energy of FeCr+ determined through threshold photodissociation in a cryogenic ion trap
Authors: Marlton Samuel J. P. , Liu Chang , Bieske Evan J. 
Published: January 2024

The bond dissociation energy of FeCr+ is measured using resonance enhanced photodissociation spectroscopy in a cryogenic ion trap. The onset for FeCr+ → Fe + Cr+ photodissociation occurs well above the lowest Cr+(6S, 3d5) + Fe(5D, 3d64s2) dissociation limit. In contrast, the higher energy FeCr+ → Fe+ + Cr photodissociation process exhibits an abrupt onset at the energy of the Cr(7S, 3d54s1) + Fe+(6D, 3d64s1) limit, enabling accurate dissociation energies to be extracted: D(Fe–Cr+) = 1.655 ± 0.006 eV and D(Fe+–Cr) = 2.791 ± 0.006 eV. The measured D(Fe–Cr+) bond energy is 10%–20% larger than predictions from accompanying CAM (Coulomb Attenuated Method)-B3LYP and NEVPT2 and coupled cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples electronic structure calculations, which give D(Fe–Cr+) = 1.48, 1.40, and 1.35 eV, respectively. The study emphasizes that an abrupt increase in the photodissociation yield at threshold requires that the molecule possesses a dense manifold of optically accessible, coupled electronic states adjacent to the dissociation asymptote. This condition is not met for the lowest Cr+(6S, 3d5) + Fe(5D, 3d64s2) dissociation limit of FeCr+ but is satisfied for the higher energy Cr(7S, 3d54s1) + Fe+(6D, 3d64s1) dissociation limit.
Computational recognition of narratives
Authors: Hatavara Mari , Sandberg Kirsi , Andrushchenko Mykola , Hälikkö Sari , Nummenmaa Jyrki , Nummenmaa Timo , Peltonen Jaakko , Hyvärinen Matti 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Computational recognition of narratives, if successful, would find innumerable applications with large digitized
datasets. Systematic identification of narratives in the text flow could significantly contribute to such pivotal questions as
where, when, and how narratives are employed. This paper discusses an approach to extract narratives from two datasets, Finnish
parliamentary records (1980–2021) and oral history interviews with former Finnish MPs (1988–2018). Our study was based on an
iterative approach, proceeding from original expert readings to a rule-based, computational approach that was elaborated with the
help of annotated samples and annotation scheme. Annotated samples and computationally found extracts were compared, and a good
correspondence was found. In this paper, we exhibit and compare the results from annotation and rule-based approach, and discuss
examples of correctly and incorrectly found narrative sections. We consider that all attempts at recognizing and extracting
narratives are definition dependent, and feed back to narrative theory.
Detection of anomalies amongst LIGO’s glitch populations with autoencoders
Authors: Laguarta Paloma , van der Laag Robin , Lopez Melissa , Dooney Tom , Miller Andrew L , Schmidt Stefano , Cavaglia Marco , Caudill Sarah , Driessens Kurt , Karel Joël , Lenders Roy , Van Den Broeck Chris 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Gravitational wave (GW) interferometers are able to detect a change in distance of ~1/10 000th the size of a proton. Such sensitivity leads to large rates of non-gaussian, transient bursts of noise, also known as glitches, which hinder the detection and parameter estimation of short- and long-lived GW signals in the main detector strain. Glitches, come in a wide range of frequency-amplitude-time morphologies and may be caused by environmental or instrumental processes, so a key step towards their mitigation is to understand their population. Current approaches for their identification use supervised models to learn their morphology in the main strain with a fixed set of classes, but do not consider relevant information provided by auxiliary channels that monitor the state of the interferometers. In this work, we present an unsupervised algorithm to find anomalous glitches. Firstly, we encode a subset of auxiliary channels from Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory Livingston in the fractal dimension (FD), which measures the complexity of the signal. For this aim, we speed up the fractal dimension calculation to encode

1

h of data in

11

s. Secondly, we learn the underlying distribution of the data using an autoencoder with cyclic periodic convolutions. In this way, we learn the underlying distribution of glitches and we uncover unknown glitch morphologies, and overlaps in time between different glitches and misclassifications. This led to the discovery of

6.6
%

anomalies in the input data. The results of this investigation stress the learnable structure of auxiliary channels encoded in FD and provide a flexible framework for glitch discovery.
A multi-scale collaborative fusion residual neural network-based approach for bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Qian Chen , Gao Jun , Shao Xing , Wang Cuixiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In recent years, deep learning techniques have become popular for diagnosing equipment faults. However, their real industrial application performance is hindered by challenges related to noise and variable load conditions that prevent accurate extraction of valid feature information. To tackle these challenges, this paper proposed a novel approach known as the multi-scale collaborative fusion residual neural network (MCFRNN) for bearing fault diagnosis. To begin with, the methodology introduces a multi-scale systolic denoising module designed to extract features at multiple scales while mitigating the influence of noise. Subsequently, a central fusion module is employed to explore the intrinsic correlation among the multiple channels and effectively fuse their respective features. Additionally, a global sensing module is incorporated to enhance the perceptual field of MCFRNN, thereby facilitating the extraction of global features. Furthermore, online label smoothing and AdamP are applied to alleviate overfitting and improve the diagnostic capability of MCFRNN under small sample. Finally, the effectiveness of MCFRNN is verified with two publicly available datasets under complex operational and limited sample conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed method has more excellent diagnostic performance and adaptivity than the existing popular methods.