bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who consumes ultra-processed food? A systematic review of sociodemographic determinants of ultra-processed food consumption from nationally representative samples
Authors: Dicken Samuel J. , Qamar Sulmaaz , Batterham Rachel L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUltra-processed food (UPF) intake is associated with increased non-communicable disease risks. However, systematic reports on sociodemographic predictors of UPF intake are lacking. This review aimed to understand UPF consumption based on sociodemographic factors, using nationally representative cohorts. The systematic review was pre-registered (PROSPERO:CRD42022360199), following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE searches (‘ultra-processed/ultraprocessed’ and ‘ultra-processing/ultraprocessing’) until 7 September 2022 retrieved 1131 results. Inclusion criteria included: observational, nationally representative adult samples, in English, in peer-reviewed journals, assessing the association between sociodemographics and individual-level UPF intake defined by the NOVA classification. Exclusion criteria included: not nationally representative, no assessment of sociodemographics and individual-level UPF intake defined by NOVA. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Fifty-five papers were included, spanning thirty-two countries. All thirteen sociodemographic variables identified were significantly associated with UPF intake in one or more studies. Significant differences in UPF intake were seen across age, race/ethnicity, rural/urbanisation, food insecurity, income and region, with up to 10–20% differences in UPF intake (% total energy). Higher UPF intakes were associated with younger age, urbanisation and being unmarried, single, separated or divorced. Education, income and socioeconomic status showed varying associations, depending on country. Multivariate analyses indicated that associations were independent of other sociodemographics. Household status and gender were generally not associated with UPF intake. NOS averaged 5·7/10. Several characteristics are independently associated with high UPF intake, indicating large sociodemographic variation in non-communicable disease risk. These findings highlight significant public health inequalities associated with UPF intake, and the urgent need for policy action to minimise social injustice-related health inequalities.
SDC1 and ITGA2 as novel prognostic biomarkers for PDAC related to IPMN
Authors: Zhang Chuan-long , Shen Qian , Liu Fu-dong , Yang Fan , Gao Meng-qi , Jiang Xiao-chen , Li Yi , Zhang Xi-yuan , En Ge-er , Pan Xue , Pang Bo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe existing biomarkers are insufficient for predicting the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a precursor to PDAC; therefore, identifying biomarkers from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of PDAC and IPMN is a new and reliable strategy for predicting the prognosis of PDAC. In this study, four datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and standardized using the R package ‘limma.’ A total of 51 IPMN and 81 PDAC samples were analyzed, and 341 DEGs in PDAC and IPMN were identified; DEGs were involved in the extracellular matrix and tumor microenvironment. An acceptable survival prognosis was demonstrated by SDC1 and ITGA2, which were highly expressed during in vitro PDAC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. SDC1high was enriched in interferon alpha (IFN-α) response and ITGA2high was primarily detected in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which was verified using western blotting. We concluded that SDC1 and ITGA2 are potential prognostic biomarkers for PDAC associated with IPMN. Downregulation of SDC1 and ITGA2 expression in PDAC occurs via a mechanism involving possible regulation of IFN-α response, EMT, and immunity, which may act as new targets for PDAC therapy.
Comparative study of encoded and alignment-based methods for virus taxonomy classification
Authors: Shaukat Muhammad Arslan , Nguyen Thanh Thi , Hsu Edbert B. , Yang Samuel , Bhatti Asim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe emergence of viruses and their variants has made virus taxonomy more important than ever before in controlling the spread of diseases. The creation of efficient treatments and cures that target particular virus properties can be aided by understanding virus taxonomy. Alignment-based methods are commonly used for this task, but are computationally expensive and time-consuming, especially when dealing with large datasets or when detecting new virus variants is time sensitive. An alternative approach, the encoded method, has been developed that does not require prior sequence alignment and provides faster results. However, each encoded method has its own claimed accuracy. Therefore, careful evaluation and comparison of the performance of different encoded methods are essential to identify the most accurate and reliable approach for virus taxonomy classification. This study aims to address this issue by providing a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the potential of encoded methods for virus classification and phylogenetics. We compared the vectors generated for each encoded method using distance metrics to determine their similarity to alignment-based methods. The results and their validation show that K-merNV followed by CgrDft encoded methods, perform similarly to state-of-the-art multi-sequence alignment methods. This is the first study to incorporate and compare encoded methods that will facilitate future research in making more informed decisions regarding selection of a suitable method for virus taxonomy.
Parenting and parent–child home practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case in central China
Authors: Lu Jinjin , Zhang Minghan , Yuan Muzi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe current study aims to explore parents’ perceptions of parenting and parent–child activities at home with children aged 3–6 during the pandemic in China. A parenting survey was conducted to investigate parental role, age, educational background, work productivity, and different parenting categories during the lockdown period. We also examined the experiences of young children’s participation in extracurricular activities before and after the stay-at-home policy was implemented as well as their activities with parents during the lockdown period. The results showed that parents’ work productivity affected their perceptions of well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children spent less time on extracurricular activities during the lockdown period, but some particular activities increased in frequency, especially academic extracurricular activities.
A new method for examining the co-occurrence network of fossil assemblages
Authors: Guo Shilong , Ma Wang , Tang Yunyu , Chen Liang , Wang Ying , Cui Yingying , Liang Junhui , Li Longfeng , Zhuang Jialiang , Gu Junjie , Li Mengfei , Fang Hui , Lin Xiaodan , Shih Chungkun , Labandeira Conrad C. , Ren Dong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCurrently, studies of ancient faunal community networks have been based mostly on uniformitarian and functional morphological evidence. As an important source of data, taphonomic evidence offers the opportunity to provide a broader scope for understanding palaeoecology. However, palaeoecological research methods based on taphonomic evidence are relatively rare, especially for body fossils in lacustrine sediments. Such fossil communities are not only affected by complex transportation and selective destruction in the sedimentation process, they also are strongly affected by time averaging. Historically, it has been believed that it is difficult to study lacustrine entombed fauna by a small-scale quadrat survey. Herein, we developed a software, the TaphonomeAnalyst, to study the associational network of lacustrine entombed fauna, or taphocoenosis. TaphonomeAnalyst allows researchers to easily perform exploratory analyses on common abundance profiles from taphocoenosis data. The dataset for these investigations resulted from fieldwork of the latest Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation near Daohugou Village, in Ningcheng County of Inner Mongolia, China, spotlighting the core assemblage of the Yanliao Fauna. Our data included 27,000 fossil specimens of animals from this deposit, the Yanliao Fauna, whose analyses reveal sedimentary environments, taphonomic conditions, and co-occurrence networks of this highly studied assemblage, providing empirically robust and statistically significant evidence for multiple Yanliao habitats.
Mutual generation in neuronal activity across the brain via deep neural approach, and its network interpretation
Authors: Nakajima Ryota , Shirakami Arata , Tsumura Hayato , Matsuda Kouki , Nakamura Eita , Shimono Masanori 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the brain, many regions work in a network-like association, yet it is not known how durable these associations are in terms of activity and could survive without structural connections. To assess the association or similarity between brain regions with a generating approach, this study evaluated the similarity of activities of neurons within each region after disconnecting between regions. The “generation” approach here refers to using a multi-layer LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) model to learn the rules of activity generation in one region and then apply that knowledge to generate activity in other regions. Surprisingly, the results revealed that activity generation from one region to disconnected regions was possible with similar accuracy to generation between the same regions in many cases. Notably, firing rates and synchronization of firing between neuron pairs, often used as neuronal representations, could be reproduced with precision. Additionally, accuracies were associated with the relative angle between brain regions and the strength of the structural connections that initially connected them. This outcome enables us to look into trends governing non-uniformity of the cortex based on the potential to generate informative data and reduces the need for animal experiments.
Preexisting Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension in Acute Pulmonary Embolism? A Case Report and Discussion
Authors: Lang Irene M. , Delcroix Marion 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA 61-year-old male presented with New York Heart Association class II breathlessness. Three years earlier, he had presented with a swollen leg, had received a diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis on ultrasound and of low-risk acute pulmonary embolism, and had been discharged on a direct oral anticoagulant after 8 hours. The patient also had a history of thyroidectomy and was on levothyroxine substitution. The case illustrates a patient with acute pulmonary embolism who developed chronic thrombotic pulmonary vascular lesions within 3 years after acute pulmonary embolism in the presence of typical risk factors.
Purine-Based AIEgens with Different Morpholine Substitution Sites and Their Application in Lipophagy Imaging
Authors: Li Kun , Shi Lei , Yu Ai-Wen , Meng Wei-Han , Xie Kun-Peng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLysosomes are an important organelle involved in many physiological processes. However, enhancing the accurate localization of lysosomes by chemical modification is still a problem. Herein, the purine-based AIEgens with different morpholine substitution sites were constructed. The effects of modification sites on the absorption, fluorescence, pH, viscosity and bioimaging properties of the probes were systematically studied. The morpholine modification at the phenyl site could effectively enhance the fluorescence behavior and the lysosome specificity. The morpholine-modified AIEgens could achieve the further lysosome imaging during the lipophagy process. This basic study might do favor to design more probes for further lysosome function studies.
Running Critical Power and W´: Influence of the Environment,
Timing and Time Trial Order
Authors: Ruiz-Alias Santiago A. , Ñancupil-Andrade Alberto A. , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , García-Pinillos Felipe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the influence of the testing environment (track vs.
treadmill), time trial order (long-short vs. short-long), and timing
(within-session vs. between-sessions) on the critical power (CP) and work over
CP (W´), using the power metric in runners. Fifteen highly trained
athletes performed three test sessions composed of two time trials of 9- and
3-min, separated by a 30-min rest period. One session was performed on a track,
and two sessions on a treadmill, alternating the order of the time trials. The
CP and W´ values determined on the track were significantly greater and
lower than on the treadmill, respectively (p<0.001;
CP≥89 W; W´≥3.7 kJ). Their degree of
agreement was low (SEE CP>5%; W´>10%)
and therefore was not interchangeable. There were no performance differences in
the timing of the time trials (p=0.320). Lastly, performing the 9-min
trial first resulted in a greater power output compared to when executed last
(p<0.001; 4.9 W), although this resulted in similar CP and
W´ values (Bias<5 and 10%, respectively). In conclusion,
it is feasible to test CP and W´ in a single testing session,
irrespective of the time trial order, although not interchangeably between track
and treadmill.
Chemoselective Reduction of Barbiturates by Photochemically Excited Flavin Catalysts
Authors: Storch Golo , Foja Richard , Walter Alexandra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhotocatalytic reductive cyclizations are powerful methods for obtaining structurally complex molecules. Achieving noninherent reactivity in substrates with more than one potential site of reduction is a difficult challenge. We disclose the use of flavin catalysis for the chemoselective reductive cyclization of barbiturates with additional reactive functional groups. Our method provides orthogonal selectivity in comparison to the well-established reductant samarium(II) iodide, which preferentially reduces substrate ketone groups. Flavin catalysis first leads to barbiturate reduction and allows a complete change of chemoselectivity in barbiturates with appended ketones. Additionally, flavin photocatalysis enables the reductive cyclization of substrates with appended oxime ethers in >99% yield, which is not possible with SmI2.
The Evaluation of Prognostic Value and Immune Characteristics of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Su Jialin , Tan Shuhua , Gong Houwu , Luo Yongzhong , Cheng Tianli , Yang Hua , Wen Xiaoping , Jiang Zhou , Li Yuning , Zhang Lemeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background The purpose of our study was to construct a prognostic model based on ferroptosis-related gene signature to improve the prognosis prediction of lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC).
Methods The mRNA expression profiles and clinical data of LUSC patients were downloaded. LUSC-related essential differentially expressed genes were integrated for further analysis. Prognostic gene signatures were identified through random forest regression and univariate Cox regression analyses for constructing a prognostic model. Finally, in a preliminary experiment, we used the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay to verify the relationship between the expression of three prognostic gene features and ferroptosis.
Results Fifty-six ferroptosis-related essential genes were identified by using integrated analysis. Among these, three prognostic gene signatures (HELLS, POLR2H, and POLE2) were identified, which were positively affected by LUSC prognosis but negatively affected by immune cell infiltration. Significant overexpression of immune checkpoint genes occurred in the high-risk group. In preliminary experiments, we confirmed that the occurrence of ferroptosis can reduce three prognostic gene signature expression.
Conclusions The three ferroptosis-related genes could predict the LUSC prognostic risk of antitumor immunity.
Wine environments
Authors: Balbuena Torezano M. del Carmen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The wine lexicon has multiple semantic domains that represent the
confluence of different specialized languages, and that constitute an
ontological classification of great usefulness for the translator. In this
paper we will present a study of three mechanisms of word formation
(composition, derivation and abbreviation) in German language for terms
belonging to the domain [winegrowing].
Simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index based on plastic optical fiber knots and F–P interferometer
Authors: Zhao Hongxia , Wang Feng , Han Zhaojia , Cheng Peihong , Wang Yong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A reflective sensor based on F–P interferometer (FPI) and plastic optical fiber (POF) knots is proposed for simultaneously measuring the temperature and refractive index (RI). The FPI is fabricated by curing a polyvinyl chloride film on the end of a POF, and it is used to detect the temperature shifts. Meanwhile, the high sensitivity measurement of RI of the glucose solution is realized based on the POF knots. Finally, the RI and temperature are detected simultaneously with the help of the wavelength and reflected light intensity of an interference peak. The experimental results indicate that the proposed sensor achieves a maximum RI sensitivity of 2381.73%/RIU in the RI range of 1.33–1.374, and it can detect temperature simultaneously. The maximum relative deviations between the measured results and actual values of RI and temperature are only 0.038% and 2.76% respectively, and they have good repeatability. Furthermore, the proposed sensor has potential applications in biochemistry and food safety monitoring due to the unmodified and simple preparation process.
Research on real-time perception method of key targets in the comprehensive excavation working face of coal mine
Authors: Zhao Dongyang , Su Guoyong , Cheng Gang , Wang Pengyu , Chen Wei , Yang Yuhao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the real-time perception problem of key target objects caused by harsh environmental factors of high dust, low illumination, motion blur, and multi-target mixing in the comprehensive excavation working face of coal mine, a multi-target detection and tracking algorithm based on DDEB-YOLOv5s and StrongSORT is proposed. First, the YOLOv5s model is improved by using C3-Dense module, decoupled head, ECIoU loss function, and weighted bi-directional feature pyramid network to enhance the detection performance of the model in complex backgrounds of coal mine and complete the design of the DDEB-YOLOv5s multi-target detection network. Second, the DDEB-YOLOv5s algorithm is used as a detector and combined with the StrongSORT tracking algorithm to track critical equipment and miners in the complex context of coal mine. Experiments were conducted on the dataset of comprehensive excavation working face, and the experimental results show that the proposed DDEB-YOLOv5s has the best integrated detection performance compared with other YOLO series target detection algorithms, and its mean value of detection accuracy reaches 91.7%, which is 4.9% higher than that of the original YOLOv5s model. In addition, compared to the three tracking models, (YOLOv7-tiny)-(BoT-SORT), YOLOv5s-DeepSORT, and YOLOv8s-Bytetrack, the (DDEB-YOLOv5s)-StrongSORT model has the best tracking performance (with a mean tracking accuracy of 94.2%) and the least number of identifier switches. Finally, the real-time perception method proposed in this study for the key target of the coal mine working face can provide new technical support and effective guarantee for coal mine safety production.
Image reconstruction of ECT based on second-order hybrid sensitivity matrix and fuzzy nonlinear programming
Authors: Zhang Lifeng , Chen Da 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the derivation of the sensitivity matrix of electrical capacitance tomography, only the linear portion of the sensitivity coefficient is usually retained, while the neglected nonlinear part also contains important imaging information. In order to improve the accuracy of image reconstruction, a second-order hybrid sensitivity matrix is presented based on the capacitance normalization model and second-order item of sensitivity coefficients in this paper. Then, a fuzzy nonlinear programming algorithm based on the second-order hybrid sensitivity matrix (SHS-FNP) is proposed. Simulation and experiments are carried out. Reconstructed images using the presented method are compared with those of the Tikhonov algorithm, first-order hybrid Landweber algorithm, second-order hybrid Landweber algorithm, and fuzzy linear programming algorithm. The experimental results show that the SHS-FNP algorithm considerably enhances the quality of the reconstructed image.
Amplitude-dependent edge states and discrete breathers in nonlinear modulated phononic lattices
Authors: Rosa Matheus I N , Leamy Michael J , Ruzzene Massimo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We investigate the spectral properties of one-dimensional spatially modulated nonlinear phononic lattices, and their evolution as a function of amplitude. In the linear regime, the stiffness modulations define a family of periodic and quasiperiodic lattices whose bandgaps host topological edge states localized at the boundaries of finite domains. With cubic nonlinearities, we show that edge states whose eigenvalue branch remains within the gap as amplitude increases remain localized, and therefore appear to be robust with respect to amplitude. In contrast, edge states whose corresponding branch approaches the bulk bands experience de-localization transitions. These transitions are predicted through continuation studies on the linear eigenmodes as a function of amplitude, and are confirmed by direct time domain simulations on finite lattices. Through our predictions, we also observe a series of amplitude-induced localization transitions as the bulk modes detach from the nonlinear bulk bands and become discrete breathers that are localized in one or more regions of the domain. Remarkably, the predicted transitions are independent of the size of the finite lattice, and exist for both periodic and quasiperiodic lattices. These results highlight the co-existence of topological edge states and discrete breathers in nonlinear modulated lattices. Their interplay may be exploited for amplitude-induced eigenstate transitions, for the assessment of the robustness of localized states, and as a strategy to induce discrete breathers through amplitude tuning.
THz driven field emission: energy and time-of-flight spectra of ions
Authors: Karam M , Houard J , Damarla G , Rousseau L , Bhorade O , Vella A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present an experimental and numerical study of ion field evaporation from LaB6 nanotips using single-cycle terahertz (THz) transients and a static bias voltage. Varying the amplitude and phase of the THz pulses and the value of the bias, we explore the THz-induced reshaping of the ions energy and their time-of-flight spectra. These results prove that short THz transient of about 1 ps can induce ionization and emission of ions from LaB6 samples by a field effect: the THz transient acts as an ultra-short electrical pulse. Moreover, comparing numerical and experimental results, we prove that the response time of surface atoms to the THz transient is shorter than 1 ps, corresponding to the vibration times of acoustic phonons in LaB6.