bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated In‐Memory Sensor and Computing of Artificial Vision Based on Full‐vdW Optoelectronic Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor
Authors: Wang Peng , Li Jie , Xue Wuhong , Ci Wenjuan , Jiang Fengxian , Shi Lei , Zhou Feichi , Zhou Peng , Xu Xiaohong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe development and application of artificial intelligence have led to the exploitation of low‐power and compact intelligent information‐processing systems integrated with sensing, memory, and neuromorphic computing functions. The 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials with abundant reservoirs for arbitrary stacking based on functions and enabling continued device downscaling offer an attractive alternative for continuously promoting artificial intelligence. In this study, full 2D SnS2/h‐BN/CuInP2S6 (CIPS)‐based ferroelectric field‐effect transistors (Fe‐FETs) and utilized light‐induced ferroelectric polarization reversal to achieve excellent memory properties and multi‐functional sensing‐memory‐computing vision simulations are designed. The device exhibits a high on/off current ratio of over 105, long retention time (>104 s), stable cyclic endurance (>350 cycles), and 128 multilevel current states (7‐bit). In addition, fundamental synaptic plasticity characteristics are emulated including paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), short‐term plasticity (STP), long‐term plasticity (LTP), long‐term potentiation, and long‐term depression. A ferroelectric optoelectronic reservoir computing system for the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) handwritten digital recognition achieved a high accuracy of 93.62%. Furthermore, retina‐like light adaptation and Pavlovian conditioning are successfully mimicked. These results provide a strategy for developing a multilevel memory and novel neuromorphic vision systems with integrated sensing‐memory‐processing.
Promoted Growth and Multiband Emission in Heterostructured Perovskites Through Cs+‐Sublattice Interaction
Authors: Zhou Lei , Liang Liangliang , Chen Jiaye , Zhou Xin , Liu Lingmei , Xi Shibo , Loh Kian Ping , Han Yu , He Qian , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrecise control of exciton confinement in metal halide perovskites is critical to the development of high‐performance, stable optoelectronic devices. A significant hurdle is the swift completion of ionic metathesis reactions, often within seconds, making consistent control challenging. Herein, the introduction of different steric hindrances in a Cs+ sublattice within CsYb2F7 is reported, which effectively modulates the reaction rate of Cs+ with lead (Pb2+) and halide ions in solution, extending the synthesis time for perovskite nanostructures to tens of minutes. Importantly, the Cs+ sublattice provides a crystal facet‐dependent preference for perovskite growth and thus exciton confinement, allowing the simultaneous occurrence of up to six emission bands of CsPbBr3. Moreover, the rigid CsYb2F7 nano template offers high activation energy and enhances the stability of the resulting perovskite nanostructures. This methodology provides a versatile approach to synthesizing functional heterostructures. Its robustness is demonstrated by in‐situ growth of perovskite nanostructures on Cs+‐mediated metal‐organic frameworks.
Cell‐Like Synthetic Supramolecular Soft Materials Realized in Multicomponent, Non‐/Out‐of‐Equilibrium Dynamic Systems
Authors: Kubota Ryou , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLiving cells are complex, nonequilibrium supramolecular systems capable of independently and/or cooperatively integrating multiple bio‐supramolecules to execute intricate physiological functions that cannot be accomplished by individual biomolecules. These biological design strategies offer valuable insights for the development of synthetic supramolecular systems with spatially controlled hierarchical structures, which, importantly, exhibit cell‐like responses and functions. The next grand challenge in supramolecular chemistry is to control the organization of multiple types of supramolecules in a single system, thus integrating the functions of these supramolecules in an orthogonal and/or cooperative manner. In this perspective, the recent progress in constructing multicomponent supramolecular soft materials through the hybridization of supramolecules, such as self‐assembled nanofibers/gels and coacervates, with other functional molecules, including polymer gels and enzymes is highlighted. Moreover, results show that these materials exhibit bioinspired responses to stimuli, such as bidirectional rheological responses of supramolecular double‐network hydrogels, temporal stimulus pattern‐dependent responses of synthetic coacervates, and 3D hydrogel patterning in response to reaction–diffusion processes are presented. Autonomous active soft materials with cell‐like responses and spatially controlled structures hold promise for diverse applications, including soft robotics with directional motion, point‐of‐care disease diagnosis, and tissue regeneration.
Diluents Effect on Inhibiting Dissolution of Organic Electrode for Highly Reversible Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Wook , Kim Youngoh , Kim Joo‐Eun , Kim Ja‐Yeong , Jang Jae‐Yeon , Choi Joonmyung , Kwak Won‐Jin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe potential of organic electrodes in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is highlighted by their cost‐effectiveness and natural abundance. However, the dissolution of the active material in the electrolyte is a major obstacle to their use in LIBs. Although high‐concentration electrolytes (HCEs) have been proposed to address this issue, they face challenges such as high viscosity, poor wettability, and suboptimal ion conductivity. Hence, this study introduces diluted electrolytes as non‐solvating electrolytes to offset the physical limitations of HCEs and suppress the dissolution of organic electrodes. When a diluted electrolyte is used, perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA)—a notable organic electrode material—demonstrates superior capacity retention and rate performance, achieving 91% of capacity retained at 1000 mA g−1 over 1000 cycles. Through electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements and molecular dynamics simulations, the diluted electrolyte successfully inhibits and demonstrates the dissolution of the active material, preventing capacity loss and the detrimental shuttle effect. This study presents a promising strategy for achieving highly reversible organic electrode‐based LIBs through the development of nonsolvating electrolytes.
Educator's blueprint: A how‐to guide for creating analog serious games for learning in medical education
Authors: Edwards Sarah , Swamy Lakshman , Cosimini Michael , Watsjold Bjorn , Chan Teresa M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSerious games are an emerging tool for teaching and learning within medical education. These games can be used to facilitate learning or to demonstrate complex concepts in short bursts of interactive learning. This educator's blueprint will provide 10 strategies for creating a serious game, focusing on card and board games. These strategies include creating a project charter; determining the nature of the game; establishing game mechanics; selecting the best medium; prototyping and playtesting; reviewing sensitivity to equity, diversity, and inclusion; reviewing and refining content; funding game development, manufacture, and distribution; marketing and publicizing the game; and future‐proofing the game. This blueprint hopes to help aspiring serious game designers and educators to conceptualize the steps for successfully creating a new serious game for medical education.
Anatomical variations of interest for posterior nasal nerve cryotherapy in the treatment of chronic rhinitis: A radioanatomic study
Authors: Sliman Juliette , Carsuzaa Florent , Tanaka Lei , Gallet Patrice , Moser Pierre‐Olivier , Captier Guillaume , Favier Valentin 
Published: November 2023

Key Points
An unfavorable insertion of the middle turbinate for cryotherapy was present in 74.2% of cases.
Placing cryoprobe 15–30 mm above the nasal floor targets the nerves in 95.8% of cases.
Centering the cryoprobe 38 mm behind the inferior turbinate axilla targets the nerves in 94.6% of cases.
The incidence rate and histological characteristics of intimal hyperplasia in elastase‐induced experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice
Authors: Li Meng , Wei Panpan , Li Kexin , Liu Haole , Alam Naqash , Hou Haiwen , Deng Jie , Xu Baohui , Liu Enqi , Zhao Sihai , Li Yankui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntimal hyperplasia (IH) is a negative vascular remodeling after arterial injury. IH occasionally occurs in elastase‐induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) mouse models. This study aims to clarify the incidence and histological characteristics of IH in aneurysmal mice. A retrospective study was conducted by including 42 male elastase‐induced mouse AAA models. The IH incidence, aortic diameters with or without IH, and hyperplasia lesional features of mice were analyzed. Among 42 elastase‐induced AAA mouse models, 10 mice developed mild IH (24%) and severe IH was found in only 2 mice (5%). The outer diameters of the AAA segments in mice with and without IH did not show significant difference. Both mild and severe IH lesions show strong smooth muscle cell positive staining, but endothelial cells were occasionally observed in severe IH lesions. There was obvious macrophage infiltration in the IH lesions of the AAA mouse models, especially in mice with severe IH. However, only a lower numbers of T cells and B cells were found in the IH lesion. Local cell‐secreted matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 was highly expressed in all IH lesions, but MMP9 was only overexpressed in severe lesions. In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate the occurrence of aneurysmal IH and its histological characteristics in an elastase‐induced mouse AAA model. This will help researchers better understand this model, and optimize it for use in AAA‐related research.
Feasible solution to discrete‐time linear quadratic stochastic Stackelberg difference game
Authors: Qi Qingyuan , Zhang Qianqian , Sun Yue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the discrete‐time linear quadratic (LQ) stochastic Stackelberg game, which has not been thoroughly addressed in previous literature. Firstly, we derive the maximum principle for the stochastic Stackelberg difference game using the variational method, and obtain the necessary and sufficient solvability conditions. However, due to the coupling between the two players and the presence of stochastic noise, obtaining explicit optimal leader and follower's strategies becomes challenging. Therefore, we present a feasible suboptimal control strategy instead. As a result, we derive a feasible suboptimal control strategy. To achieve this, we assume a linear homogeneous relationship to decouple the group of stochastic game forward‐backward stochastic differential equations (SG‐FBSDEs), which serves as a compromise for obtaining the optimal solution. With this approach, we derive a feasible solution to the stochastic Stackelberg difference game based on the solution to symmetric Riccati equations.
A nonlinear modelling approach to quantify sitting control in individuals with sensorimotor impairments
Authors: Blandeau Mathias , Guerra Thierry‐Marie , Dequidt Antoine , Pudlo Philippe , Gagnon Dany H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFew biomechanical models of sitting stability have been proposed over the last decades and most of them control the trunk position through a lumbar torque. Unfortunately, this type of model is not valid for individuals living with a complete thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) who generally experience paralysis of their abdominal and lower back muscles. Instead, individuals with SCI often engage their upper limbs as a compensatory strategy to control their sitting position. A new nonlinear biomechanical model is introduced to take into consideration the influence of the upper limbs for sitting control study of people living with SCI. The inherent nonlinearity of the model is taken into account via the Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) framework. To estimate the internal controlling torques without measurements, an unknown input observer (UIO) is created. Its convergence is expressed by linear matrix inequalities (LMI), which are solved by convex optimization techniques. Numerical simulations with perturbations are used to assess the adequacy of the methodology and preliminary experimental data of one person living with SCI performing a sitting stabilization exercise is used to estimate internal torques of the upper limbs. The main contribution of this work is to provide a way to estimate human joint torques without invasive measurements; the results highlight the validity of both goals of this article, the nonlinear biomechanical modelling and the UIO methodology.
One‐step Surface‐to‐bulk Modification of NaCrO2 Cathode for Durable Sodium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Chen , Hong Yingbin , Liang Baolong , Huang Yiyin , Wei Mingdeng , Yao Hu‐Rong , Zheng Lituo , Hong Zhensheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNaCrO2 is a promising O3‐type cathode material in sodium‐ion batteries. However, it suffers from rapid capacity fading due to the unstable structure upon cycling. This work shows that in situ carbon coating during the synthesis process has multiple synergistic effects and can effectively stabilize the material structure and improve the cyclability. It is found that sodium vacancy and carbon coating in NaCrO2 synchronously occur, which improve its sodium‐ion transport kinetics, structural stability during cycling and the air stability. More importantly, the strategy is universal in that various sources of carbon display similar effect. As a result, the asphalt‐derived carbon coated material has a high initial capacity of 129 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C rate with an initial Coulombic efficiency up to 98.2 %. In addition, it shows an excellent rate capability and cycling performance with 81.1 % retention after 1000 cycles at 5 C in half cell. Moreover, a full cell has constructed by coupling with hard carbon anode, which shows a high discharge capacity of 121.9 mAh g−1 with a high Coulomb efficiency of 94.7 %, excellent rate capability and good cycling stability. This work demonstrates a general modification method on NaCrO2 that has the potential for practical applications.
Schools and food charity in England
Authors: Baker William 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper critically examines the development of food charity in schools in England. Growing numbers of schools, often in partnership with charities and businesses, are directly providing food to parents who are struggling to feed their families. This paper analyses how and why this is happening and its broader significance. The growth of food charity in schools is explained through a mixture of a retreating welfare state, an ongoing cost of living crisis, the continued diffusion of charitable food aid as a socially accepted response to poverty and hunger in the United Kingdom, and schools having to adopt increasing responsibility for making sure that children's basic needs are being met. Drawing on semi‐structured interview data gathered from school staff, this paper highlights how schools are becoming a new frontier for charitable food aid.
Einfluss der physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von Zementstein auf das Abplatzen von Beton unter Brandeinwirkung – Teil 1
Authors: Reiners Jochen , Zehfuß Jochen , Dehn Frank , Müller Christoph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEinige größere Brandereignisse der letzten Jahrzehnte, insbesondere solche in Tunneln und Parkhäusern, haben das Bewusstsein von Planern bezüglich der möglichen Neigung von Beton zu explosiven Abplatzungen im Brandfall erhöht. In bestimmten Anwendungsbereichen können diese die Feuerwiderstandsdauer brandbeanspruchter Bauteile verkürzen. Welche Mechanismen für die explosiven Abplatzungen verantwortlich sind, wird unter Wissenschaftlern kontrovers diskutiert. Brandversuche an Betonprobekörpern haben gezeigt, dass die Zementart einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Neigung von Beton zu explosiven Abplatzungen haben kann. Das Hauptziel des im vorliegenden Beitrag beschriebenen Versuchsprogramms war es daher – zu bestimmen, in welcher Weise die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften des Zementsteins die Neigung von erhitztem Beton zum Abplatzen beeinflussen; und auf diese Weise – zu einem besseren Verständnis der Mechanismen beizutragen, die explosive Betonabplatzungen verursachen. Drei gemeinsame Merkmale wurden für diejenigen Betone identifiziert, die eine erhöhte Anfälligkeit für Abplatzungen aufwiesen. Für jedes dieser drei Merkmale wurde eine entsprechende Hypothese hinsichtlich dessen möglichen Beitrags zum Betonabplatzen im Brandfall aufgestellt. Der vorliegende erste Teil dieses Beitrags beschreibt die Versuche, bei denen der Einfluss der Zementart auf die Neigung von Beton zu explosiven Abplatzungenuntersucht wurde sowie die drei Hypothesen. Jede der drei Hypothesen wurde wiederum durch ein entsprechendes Versuchsprogramm überprüft. Die Versuche zur Überprüfung der Hypothesen werden im zweiten Teil dieses Beitrags beschrieben. Als Ergebnis der Untersuchungen wurden die Hauptmechanismen identifiziert, durch welche Abplatzungen ausgelöst werden.
The longevity bottleneck hypothesis: Could dinosaurs have shaped ageing in present‐day mammals?
Authors: de Magalhães João Pedro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe evolution and biodiversity of ageing have long fascinated scientists and the public alike. While mammals, including long‐lived species such as humans, show a marked ageing process, some species of reptiles and amphibians exhibit very slow and even the absence of ageing phenotypes. How can reptiles and other vertebrates age slower than mammals? Herein, I propose that evolving during the rule of the dinosaurs left a lasting legacy in mammals. For over 100 million years when dinosaurs were the dominant predators, mammals were generally small, nocturnal, and short‐lived. My hypothesis is that such a long evolutionary pressure on early mammals for rapid reproduction led to the loss or inactivation of genes and pathways associated with long life. I call this the ‘longevity bottleneck hypothesis’, which is further supported by the absence in mammals of regenerative traits. Although mammals, such as humans, can evolve long lifespans, they do so under constraints dating to the dinosaur era.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for B‐cell lymphoma in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Chun‐Hui , Lin Tzu‐Chien , Yao Ming , Hsiao Liang‐Tsai , Ko Bor‐Sheng , Liu Chia‐Jen , Chen Tsai‐Yun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is considered for patients with high‐risk B‐cell lymphoma and relapsed or refractory disease. This study aimed to analyze the long‐term follow‐up data of patients who underwent allo‐HSCT in Taiwan. This was a retrospective observational study using data from the Taiwan Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation database. A total of 105 patients who underwent allo‐HSCT because of high‐risk, relapsed, or refractory disease between 2010 and 2019 were included. Forty‐five percent of the patients previously underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The median follow‐up duration was 18.6 months. The probability of 3‐year progression‐free survival and overall survival (OS) was 34.5% and 37%, respectively. The probability of 1‐year non‐relapse mortality was 31.4%, and the major cause was infection (75.8%). The multivariable analysis showed that not in remission at the time of transplantation and the absence of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) were factors associated with inferior OS. The probability of 3‐year OS in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma who underwent allo‐HSCT and allo‐HSCT after ASCT was 40.2% and 25.2%, respectively. Allo‐HSCT could be a salvage therapeutic option for relapsed or refractory B‐cell lymphoma. Complete remission at the time of allo‐HSCT and the presence of GVHD are independent variables for overall survival.
Enhancing school capacity to adopt school behavioural health best practices: A multiple‐case study evaluation
Authors: Price Olga Acosta , Long Michael , Sadlon Rachel , Sheriff Linda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractComprehensive school behavioural health best practices are widely disseminated. How to build schools’ capacity to implement these interventions is not well understood. This study explored how a coordinated set of capacity‐building strategies (e.g., individualized technical assistance [TA], community of practice [CoP]) facilitated the adoption of school behavioural health best practices. A multiple‐case study design was used to examine the relationship between capacity‐building strategies and implementation of comprehensive school behavioural health in three schools. Engagement in capacity‐building activities, use of relationship‐based TA, focus on organizational‐ and individual‐level modifications for both general and innovation‐specific improvements and identification of influential change agents were associated with the adoption of school behavioural health best practices. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Gene therapy approaches for GM1 gangliosidosis: Focus on animal and cellular studies
Authors: Hosseini Kamran , Fallahi Jafar , Tabei Seyed M. B. , Razban Vahid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOne of the most important inherited metabolic disorders is GM1 gangliosidosis, which is a progressive neurological disorder. The main cause of this disease is a genetic defect in the enzyme β‐galactosidase due to a mutation in the glb1 gene. Lack of this enzyme in cells (especially neurons) leads to the accumulation of ganglioside substrate in nerve tissues, followed by three clinical forms of GM1 disease (neonatal, juvenile, and adult variants). Genetically, many mutations occur in the exons of the glb1 gene, such as exons 2, 6, 15, and 16, so the most common ones reported in scientific studies include missense/nonsense mutations. Therefore, many studies have examined the genotype‐phenotype relationships of this disease and subsequently using gene therapy techniques have been able to reduce the complications of the disease and alleviate the signs and symptoms of the disease. In this regard, the present article reviews the general features of GM1 gangliosidosis and its mutations, as well as gene therapy studies and animal and human models of the disease.
Monoallelic deleterious MUTYH mutations generate colorectal cancer: A case report
Authors: Zhao Bei , Sun Wenqi , Wang Yunrong , Wu Xinrong , Li Yifan , Wang Weiwei , Ni Muhan , Yan Peng , Dou Xiaotan , Wang Lei , Chen Min 
Published: November 2023

Key clinical messageHere we reported a particular case of MUTYH‐associated polyposis (MAP) that had only one rare heterozygous variant, but some particular clinical manifestations contributed to occur in this male patient by only one defective MUTYH allele were worth of further investigation. We reported a case of MAP. It is about a 33‐year‐old man with chief complaints of hematochezia who had multiple polyps that were found in his colon via colonoscopy. He followed his doctor's advice and performed a genetic analysis examination. Germline test was positive for a major heterozygous variant: chr1:45800165 on the MUTYH gene. MUTYH gene sequence analysis confirmed the following heterozygous variant: c.55CT (p.R19X) in exon 2 (ClinVar NM_001128425). Unfortunately, his mother and daughter have the ILK variant according to genetic analysis. However, this variant at the site was not detected in his father. Various types of polyps were found on repeated colonoscopy, which tended to become latent cancerous in the future. This case indicated that awareness of the risk of carcinogenesis of polyps in carriers of monoallelic variants might accordingly increase, and our understanding of the type of genetically related disease will be enhanced by us.