bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect and mechanism of selenium supplementation on the proliferation capacity of bovine endometrial epithelial cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide in vitro under high cortisol background
Authors: Li Hanqing , Dong Junsheng , Cui Luying , Liu Kangjun , Guo Long , Li Jianji , Wang Heng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bovine endometritis severely inhibits uterine repair and causes considerable economic loss. Besides, parturition-induced high cortisol levels inhibit immune function, reduce cell proliferation, and further inhibit tissue repair. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for animals to maintain normal physiological function and has powerful antioxidant functions. This study investigated whether Se supplementation reduces endometrial damage and promotes tissue repair in cows with endometritis under stress and explored the underlying mechanism. Primary bovine endometrial epithelial cells were isolated and purified from healthy cows. The cells were treated with different combinations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cortisol, and various concentrations of Se. Data showed that LPS stimulation inhibited cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis. High levels of cortisol further exacerbated these effects. Flow cytometry, scratch wound healing tests, and 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) proliferation assays showed that Se supplementation promoted cell cycle progression, cell migration, and cell proliferation in the presence of LPS and cortisol. The quantitative PCR results showed that the expression of related growth factors was increased after Se supplementation. After administering various inhibitors, we further demonstrated that Se supplementation decreased the activity of glycogen synthetase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway to reduce the degradation of β-catenin except the Wnt signal to promote cell proliferation. In conclusion, Se supplementation attenuated the cell damage induced by LPS at high cortisol levels and increased cell proliferation to promote uterine repair by elevating the mRNA expression of TGFB3 and VEGFA and activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Screening and confirmation of psilocin, mitragynine, phencyclidine, ketamine and ketamine metabolites by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Wood Madeleine E , Brown Glenna J , Karschner Erin L , Seither Joshua Z , Brown Jordan T , Knittel Jessica L , Walterscheid Jeffrey P 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A safe and productive workplace requires a sober workforce, free from substances that impair judgment and concentration. Although drug monitoring programs already exist, the scope and loopholes of standard workplace testing panels are well known, allowing other substances to remain a source of risk. Therefore, a high-throughput urine screening method for psilocin, mitragynine, phencyclidine, ketamine, norketamine and dehydronorketamine was developed and validated in conjunction with a urine and blood confirmation method. There are analytical challenges to overcome with psilocin and mitragynine, particularly when it comes to drug stability and unambiguous identification in authentic specimens. Screening and confirmation methods were validated according to the American National Standards Institute/Academy Standards Board (ANSI/ASB) Standard 036, Standard Practices for Method Validation in Forensic Toxicology. An automated liquid handling system equipped with dispersive pipette extraction tips was utilized for preparing screening samples, whereas an offline solid-phase extraction method was used for confirmation sample preparation. Both methods utilized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to achieve limits of detection between 1–5 ng/mL for the screening method and 1 ng/mL for the confirmation method. Automation allows for faster throughput and enhanced quality assurance, which improves turnaround time. Compared to previous in-house methods, specimen volumes were substantially decreased for both blood and urine, which is an advantage when volume is limited. This screening technique is well suited for evaluating large numbers of specimens from those employed in safety-sensitive workforce positions. This method can be utilized by workplace drug testing, human performance and postmortem laboratories seeking robust qualitative screening and confirmation methods for analytes that have traditionally been challenging to routinely analyze.
Developmental exposure to hormone-mimicking insect growth disruptors alters expression of endocrine-related genes in worker honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) brains and hypopharyngeal glands
Authors: Litsey Eliza M , Fine Julia D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Division of labor within a honey bee colony creates a codependence between bees performing different tasks. The most obvious example of this is between the reproductive queen and worker bees. Queen bees lay 1,000 or more eggs a day, while young worker bees tend and feed queens. Young workers and queens can be exposed to pesticides when foragers return to the hive with contaminated resources. Previous research has found negative effects of larval exposure to insect-growth disruptors (IGD) methoxyfenozide and pyriproxyfen, on adult responsiveness to artificial queen pheromone. The present work investigates potential physiological and molecular mechanisms underpinning this behavioral change by examining the development of hypopharyngeal glands and ovaries as well as the expression of genes related to reproduction and worker endocrine signaling in the brain and hypopharyngeal gland tissues. Though hypopharyngeal gland and ovary development were not altered by developmental exposure to IGDs, gene expression differed. Specifically, in the brain tissue, ilp1 was downregulated in bees exposed to pyriproxyfen during development, and Kr-h1 was downregulated in both methoxyfenozide- and pyriproxyfen-exposed bees. In the hypopharyngeal glands, Kr-h1, EcR-A, EcR-B, and E75 were upregulated in honey bees exposed to methoxyfenozide compared to those in the pyriproxyfen or control treatments. Here we discuss these results and their potential implications for the health and performance of honey bee colonies.
Ally, adversary, or arbitrator? The context-dependent role of eosinophils in vaccination for respiratory viruses and subsequent breakthrough infections
Authors: Chang Lauren A , Schotsaert Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Eosinophils are a critical type of immune cell and central players in type 2 immunity. Existing literature suggests that eosinophils also can play a role in host antiviral responses, typically type 1 immune events, against multiple respiratory viruses, both directly through release of antiviral mediators and indirectly through activation of other effector cell types. One way to prime host immune responses toward effective antiviral responses is through vaccination, where typically a type 1–skewed immunity is desirable in the context of intracellular pathogens like respiratory viruses. In the realm of breakthrough respiratory viral infection in vaccinated hosts, an event in which virus can still establish productive infection despite preexisting immunity, eosinophils are most prominently known for their link to vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease upon natural respiratory syncytial virus infection. This was observed in a pediatric cohort during the 1960s following vaccination with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus. More recent research has unveiled additional roles of the eosinophil in respiratory viral infection and breakthrough infection. The specific contribution of eosinophils to the quality of vaccine responses, vaccine efficacy, and antiviral responses to infection in vaccinated hosts remains largely unexplored, especially regarding their potential roles in protection. On the basis of current findings, we will speculate upon the suggested function of eosinophils and consider the many potential ways by which eosinophils may exert protective and pathological effects in breakthrough infections. We will also discuss how to balance vaccine efficacy with eosinophil-related risks, as well as the use of eosinophils and their products as potential biomarkers of vaccine efficacy or adverse events.
Determining abundance predictors of the European Hare (Lepus europaeus), a global invader in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Pasqualotto Nielson , Bailey Larissa L , Boscolo Danilo , Silva Thiago S F , Rodrigues Nayra T , Saranholi Bruno H , Galetti Jr. Pedro M , Pônzio Marcella do Carmo , Alberici Vinicius , Chiarello Adriano G 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
European Hare (Lepus europaeus), like many invasive species, have declined in much of their native range but flourished in non-native regions (e.g. South America). Previous studies suggested that loss of farmland heterogeneity due to agricultural intensification is the main driver of the species decline in its native range in Europe. Yet, little is known about the role of spatial and temporal heterogeneity and land cover types as predictors of European Hare local abundance in Neotropical agricultural landscapes. We hypothesized that spatial and temporal heterogeneity, rather than land cover types, would be the most influential predictors of hare local abundance in intensively managed Neotropical agricultural landscapes. We sampled 55 sites embedded within agricultural-dominated landscapes from southeastern Brazil with camera traps and transect surveys. Sites were selected along an uncorrelated gradient of native vegetation cover and compositional heterogeneity. We estimated the relative abundance of European hares using an occupancy model that accounts for imperfect detection of species induced primarily by variation in local abundance. We found that land cover diversity, sugarcane, and savanna cover were the best predictors of European Hare relative abundance. Hare relative abundance estimates were low and did not vary dramatically among sites, suggesting that this invader has not yet attained high local density in our study region. European Hare attained the highest relative abundance in agricultural landscapes that locally combine higher compositional heterogeneity, including sugarcane crops, and little to no native savanna. Areas with these combined features may represent the most important nascent foci, fostering ongoing northward spread of this invasive species in the Neotropics.
Bonelli’s Eagle electrocution risk in Israel can be reduced by 80% by insulating only 4% of the pylons
Authors: Mayrose Asaf , Haviv Eli , Hatzofe Ohad , Troupin David , Elroy Michal , Sapir Nir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Bonelli’s Eagle (Aquila fasciata) is a critically endangered species in Israel, with electrocution on power lines posing a serious threat to its population. Because retrofitting of electricity pylons to prevent mortality is a slow and costly process, it is important to prioritize the pylons in the network for quick and efficient mitigation of eagle mortality. To determine which pylons need to be retrofitted, we applied a three-stage maximum entropy modeling process for identifying the risk factors posed by different environmental variables. The environmental feature with the highest correlation to electrocution is the distance to reservoirs (i.e., many electrocution events occur near water reservoirs). The reservoirs are foraging hotspots for Bonelli’s Eagles in Israel’s arid environment. Electricity pylons powering the reservoirs’ pumping facilities tend to be the highest perches in the vicinity of many of the reservoirs, creating an ecological trap. The strong attraction of reservoirs to eagles may explain the high level of selectivity indicated by the model, suggesting that retrofitting only 3.6% of the pylons in the network would achieve 77% reduction in eagles’ electrocution probability. Moreover, insulating pylons according to the model will also likely reduce electrocutions of other avian species, including Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) and White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla). The modeling process presented here yielded 2 electrocution risk maps, one to facilitate prioritization of mitigation in Israel’s existing power network and the second to support planning and designing new infrastructure. The model may help reach conservation goals for the Israeli Bonelli’s Eagle and the modeling approach may also be useful in prioritizing pylon retrofitting in other arid landscapes.
Corporate Investment
Authors: Leitner Stephan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the significance of agent-based modelling and simulation in advancing theories in the field of corporate investment. It sheds light on three primary contributions of agent-based techniques: testing assumptions in analytical models, modelling human behaviour realistically, and analysing contingency effects and resulting dynamic and nonlinear effects. First, agent-based modelling enables the rigorous testing of assumptions made in analytical models. By employing agent-based simulations alongside analytical approaches, researchers can critically evaluate the robustness of existing theories. This comparative analysis helps identify the limitations and refine the assumptions underlying corporate investment models, leading to more accurate and reliable theoretical frameworks. Second, agent-based techniques offer a more flexible and realistic means of modelling human behaviour in corporate investment. By incorporating factors such as biases, adaptive behaviour, learning processes, and social norms, agent-based models can capture the complexities of decision-making processes. This enhanced representation of human behaviour facilitates the development of a comprehensive behavioural theory of corporate investment, providing valuable insights into the factors influencing investment decisions and outcomes. Lastly, agent-based modelling allows for the systematic exploration of contingency effects on corporate investment theories. Contingency factors, including firm characteristics, industry dynamics, and economic conditions, significantly influence investment strategies. By integrating these contingencies into agent-based models, researchers can analyse their interactions and understand how they shape investment behaviour, leading to a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of corporate investment decisions.
Agent-Based Modelling in E-Commerce
Authors: Jannach Dietmar , Leitner Stephan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the rapidly evolving field of e-commerce, conventional research methods struggle to keep pace with the dynamic landscape characterised by exponential growth and changing user behaviours. To address this challenge, agent-based modelling and simulation offer a promising research paradigm. This chapter explores the potential of agent-based modelling and simulation in capturing the intricate dynamics of the e-commerce environment and advancing our understanding of this complex domain. We provide an overview of agent-based modelling and simulation applications in various e-commerce domains and identify three compelling avenues for future research. Firstly, exploring the emergence of network structures helps actors understand communication and information-sharing patterns among them, revealing their impact on e-commerce dynamics. Secondly, considering individual differences in personality and culture unveils how these factors influence behaviours, preferences, and decision-making processes in e-commerce. Lastly, analysing longitudinal dynamics and asynchronous timelines captures evolving patterns and long-term effects seen in e-commerce phenomena. Agent-based modelling allows researchers to track the evolution of these dynamics over time. To showcase the power of agent-based modelling and simulation in e-commerce, the chapter presents a case study that focuses on the longitudinal dynamics of multistakeholder recommendation systems. It highlights the versatility and effectiveness of agent-based modelling in capturing heterogeneous consumer preferences, diverse objectives of recommendation providers and users of recommendation services, and the longitudinal dynamics of a set of recommendation strategies.
Geographies of Authoritarian Politics
Authors: Koch Natalie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Geography’s disciplinary focus on space and place adds an important perspective on the study of authoritarian politics and extends the scope of this research to consider the plurality of authoritarian space-time. This chapter outlines two broad themes that have emerged in recent geographic scholarship on authoritarian politics: (1) moving the study of authoritarian politics beyond the territorial state as the naturalized scale of analysis; and (2) advancing a multiscalar approach to the material, physical, and spatial forces that constitute authoritarian politics and subjectivities. A geographic perspective on spatializing authoritarianism, the chapter shows, opens up essential questions for scholars of all disciplines—challenging them to more critically and concretely define how authoritarian practices define, shape, and result from specific spatial and temporal configurations.
Ask the women in blue: Female officers’ thoughts on the recruitment and retention of women in policing
Authors: Rief Rachael M , Clinkinbeard Samantha S , Goodijohn Lexi E , Rhodes Trisha N 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Women bring many benefits to policing but represent only 14% of sworn police in the United States. Researchers have examined different recruitment strategies, yet few have sought insight from women officers themselves. We explored women officers’ perspectives on recruiting and retaining more women in policing. Using semi-structured interviews, we asked 40 current and retired women officers how police agencies can better target women to increase their representation. Responses were analyzed using open coding techniques. Participants noted difficulty hiring amid a larger police staffing crisis. They also discussed the structure and culture of police work as barriers to the recruitment and retention of women and suggested outreach and mentorship as strategies to increase integration. These findings have policy and practice implications related to increasing the integration and entrance of women in policing.
Autonomy and Connection: How Ward Panels Support Neighbourhood Policing
Authors: O’Reilly Carina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Neighbourhood or community policing is receiving renewed attention internationally as a means of responding to a perceived legitimacy crisis in police forces globally. However, with budgets still tight in the post-Covid environment, understanding which activities are most effective and efficient in supporting confidence and legitimacy is vital. This article looks at the workings of London’s community-driven ward panel system, chaired by volunteers but administered by the Metropolitan Police. It reports on a study that asked how ward panels contributed to neighbourhood policing; one of very few to explore ward panels as a community policing structure. A series of observations and interviews were carried out as part of a case study of a single London borough. The study found that ward panels contributed in a number of ways, facilitating partnership working, building connections with hard-to-reach communities, and enhancing police accessibility. Significantly, several panels had begun to develop autonomy in identifying and resolving local problems. This article discusses the potential for semi-autonomous community bodies such as ward panels to contribute to the work of community or neighbourhood policing, thereby relieving demand on forces, and weighs up the risks entailed.
Identifying cortical structure markers of resilience to adversity in young people using surface-based morphometry
Authors: Cornwell Harriet , Toschi Nicola , Hamilton-Giachritsis Catherine , Staginnus Marlene , Smaragdi Areti , Gonzalez-Madruga Karen , Mackes Nuria , Rogers Jack , Martinelli Anne , Kohls Gregor , Raschle Nora Maria , Konrad Kerstin , Stadler Christina , Freitag Christine M , De Brito Stephane A , Fairchild Graeme 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrevious research on the neurobiological bases of resilience in youth has largely used categorical definitions of resilience and voxel-based morphometry methods that assess gray matter volume. However, it is important to consider brain structure more broadly as different cortical properties have distinct developmental trajectories. To address these limitations, we used surface-based morphometry and data-driven, continuous resilience scores to examine associations between resilience and cortical structure. Structural MRI data from 286 youths (Mage = 13.6 years, 51% female) who took part in the European multi-site FemNAT-CD study were pre-processed and analyzed using surface-based morphometry. Continuous resilience scores were derived for each participant based on adversity exposure and levels of psychopathology using the residual regression method. Vertex-wise analyses assessed for correlations between resilience scores and cortical thickness, surface area, gyrification and volume. Resilience scores were positively associated with right lateral occipital surface area and right superior frontal gyrification and negatively correlated with left inferior temporal surface area. Moreover, sex-by-resilience interactions were observed for gyrification in frontal and temporal regions. Our findings extend previous research by revealing that resilience is related to surface area and gyrification in frontal, occipital and temporal regions that are implicated in emotion regulation and face or object recognition.
Virome analysis of New Zealand’s bats reveals cross-species viral transmission among the Coronaviridae
Authors: Waller Stephanie J , Tortosa Pablo , Thurley Tertia , O’Donnell Colin F J , Jackson Rebecca , Dennis Gillian , Grimwood Rebecca M , Holmes Edward C , McInnes Kate , Geoghegan Jemma L 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The lesser short-tailed bat (Mystacina tuberculata) and the long-tailed bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) are Aotearoa New Zealand’s only native extant terrestrial mammals and are believed to have migrated from Australia. Long-tailed bats arrived in New Zealand an estimated two million years ago and are closely related to other Australian bat species. Lesser short-tailed bats, in contrast, are the only extant species within the Mystacinidae and are estimated to have been living in isolation in New Zealand for the past 16–18 million years. Throughout this period of isolation, lesser short-tailed bats have become one of the most terrestrial bats in the world. Through a metatranscriptomic analysis of guano samples from eight locations across New Zealand, we aimed to characterise the viromes of New Zealand’s bats and determine whether viruses have jumped between these species over the past two million years. High viral richness was observed among long-tailed bats with viruses spanning seven different viral families. In contrast, no bat-specific viruses were identified in lesser short-tailed bats. Both bat species harboured an abundance of likely dietary- and environment-associated viruses. We also identified alphacoronaviruses in long-tailed bat guano that had previously been identified in lesser short-tailed bats, suggesting that these viruses had jumped the species barrier after long-tailed bats migrated to New Zealand. Of note, an alphacoronavirus species discovered here possessed a complete genome of only 22,416 nucleotides with entire deletions or truncations of several non-structural proteins, thereby representing what may be the shortest genome within the Coronaviridae identified to date. Overall, this study has revealed a diverse range of novel viruses harboured by New Zealand’s only native terrestrial mammals, in turn expanding our understanding of bat viral dynamics and evolution globally.