bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and histopathological features of NASH in workers exposed to chemicals with or without associated metabolic conditions
Authors: Cotrim Helma P. , De Freitas Luiz AR , Freitas Carolina , Braga Luciana , Sousa Rodrigo , Carvalho Fernando , Paraná Raymundo , Santos‐Jesus Rogerio , Andrade Zilton 
Published: April 2004

Background/Aims: Non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has been associated with exposure to chemicals among workers from an industrial complex in Brazil. We investigated the NASH profile of these individuals associated or not with metabolic conditions.Methods: Eighty‐four patients with NASH were classified into three groups: G1, 31 patients exposed to chemicals (benzene, xylene, vinyl chloride and others); G2, 30 exposed patients who also presented with obesity, hyperlipidemia and diabetes; and G3, 23 non‐exposed patients who presented with metabolic conditions.Results: G1 and G2 were similar in terms of gender (97% and 100% males) and age (37±5.4 and 39±6.5 years). In G3, 74% were males and the age was 48±3.4 years (P<0.05). In G2, obesity was present in 26.6%, hyperlipidemia in 66.6% and diabetes in 6.6%. In G3, obesity was observed in 43.4%, hyperlipidemia in 30.4% and diabetes in 26%. Macro‐ and microsteatosis were observed in 100% of cases. Perisinusoidal fibrosis was observed in 71% patients in G1, 80% in G2 and 52% in G3 (P<0.05). Histological evidence of cholestasis was present in 53% of cases in G1, 50% in G2 and 13% in G3 (P<0.05).Conclusions: Exposure to chemicals appears to be an independent risk factor for NASH that presents a peculiar profile. It is more frequently seen in men younger than non‐exposed ones. Steatosis, fibrosis and cholestasis were frequent histological findings. Co‐existing metabolic factors did not seem to influence clinical or histopathological presentation.
Use of the molecular adsorbent recycling system in the treatment of postoperative hepatic failure and septic multiple organ dysfunction – preliminary results
Authors: Rittler Peter , Ketscher Christian , Inthorn Dietrich , Jauch Karl‐Walter , Hartl Wolfgang H. 
Published: April 2004

Abstract:Purpose of the study: Molecular adsorbent recycling system (MARS) has been applied successfully in patients with a variety of liver diseases. However, preliminary results in patients with multiple organ failure (MOF) and sepsis were disappointing, possibly because the number of applied MARS cycles was too low. To determine potential effects of prolonged MARS treatment in patients with postsurgical MOF we evaluated five postoperative patients with acute liver failure and septic multiple organ dysfunction in a retrospective observational study.Methods:  MARS cycles (13.4±1.9) were applied during an average time period of 17.2±5.2 days. Fresh frozen plasma, thrombocyte units and blood units were transfused to maintain pre‐MARS Quick values and thrombocyte counts, and to keep the hemoglobin concentration above 8 g/dl.Main findings:  Plasma bilirubin concentrations declined significantly during treatment. In contrast, ammonia concentration remained constant, and parameters of the clotting system (Quick value) did not get better or even worsened (partial thromboplastin time) despite significantly increasing the substitution frequency of coagulatory factors. Due to poor clotting, we observed significant bleeding complications during MARS therapy causing a simultaneous rise in the number of transfused blood units. All patients demonstrated persistent, severe abdominal infection during MARS therapy. After discontinuing MARS treatment because of insufficient efficiency, all patients died of progressive septic organ malfunction.Conclusion:  Our preliminary findings do not support use of MARS in patients with postoperative hepatic failure and progressive septic multiple organ dysfunction, particularly if the septic focus cannot be eliminated. If MARS is still applied, special attention should be paid to simultaneous clotting disorders and bleeding complications.
A Program of Research Evaluating the Effects of a Collaborative Research Utilization Model
Authors: Dufault Marlene A. 
Published: April 2004

Abstract(1) Advances in research are meaningless unless they reach clinicians at the point of care. This article describes a program of research in which a collaborative research utilization (CRU) model was developed and tested in four clinical studies in the context of pain management. The overall aim of the research program was to decrease the long lag time from when research innovations are developed to when they appear in clinicians' day‐to‐day caregiving activities. In the model, partnerships are formed between researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and clinicians in academic and practice settings. The developmental process, structure, and steps of the model are described as well as outcomes that have been achieved in the student, scientist, clinician, nursing practice, and most importantly, the patient.
Risk factors for periodontitis in HIV+ patients
Authors: Alpagot Tamer , Duzgunes Nejat , Wolff Larry F. , Lee Aaaron 
Published: April 2004

Objective:  The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for periodontitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Methods:  A total of 152 HIV+ patients were recruited from the CARE clinic at the University of the Pacific School of Dentistry. Clinical measurements (gingival index, plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth, and attachment loss), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque samples were taken from eight sites of each patient at baseline and 6‐month visits. GCF neutrophil elastase was determined by measurement of p‐nitroanalide resulting from hydrolysis of an elastase‐specific peptide. GCF β‐glucuronidase was determined by release of 4‐methylumbelliferone from hydrolysis of a specific substrate. A bacterial concentration fluorescence immunoassay was used to detect periodontopathic bacteria in subgingival plaque samples.Results:  Viral load, age, smoking pack‐years, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, neutrophil elastase, and β‐glucuronidase were significantly correlated with clinical measurements (0.0001 < p < 0.05). Significantly higher levels of elastase, β‐glucuronidase, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, and A. actinomycetemcomitans were found at progressing sites than in non‐progressing sites (0.001 < p < 0.05).Conclusions:  These data indicate that age, smoking pack‐years, viral load, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans, elastase, and β‐glucuronidase are risk factors for periodontitis in HIV+ patients.
The influence of short‐term diabetes mellitus and insulin therapy on alveolar bone loss in rats
Authors: Holzhausen Marinella , Garcia Daniele Fakoury , Pepato Maria Teresa , Marcantonio Elcio 
Published: April 2004

Background:  It is well known that the multiple direct and indirect consequences of hyperglycemia in diabetic individuals have been linked to a number of abnormal host effector mechanisms that could lead to an increased risk of developing periodontal disease.Objective:  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short‐term experimental diabetes and insulin therapy on the severity of alveolar bone loss in rats, and the effect of experimental periodontitis on glycemic control.Methods:  Seventy‐two male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: group I animals were submitted to dental ligature around lower right first molars (ligated); group II consisted of streptozotocin (STZ)‐diabetic, ligated rats; group III represented STZ‐diabetic, unligated rats; and group IV consisted of insulin‐treated (6 U/day), STZ‐diabetic, ligated rats. Blood glucose of all diabetic rats was monitored at regular intervals. Standardized digital radiographs were taken after killing at 7, 15 and 30 days to measure the amount of bone loss about the mesial root surface of the first molar tooth in each rat.Results:  No significant (p < 0.05) changes in plasma glucose levels of insulin‐treated diabetic rats were found among the different examinations after the beginning of insulin therapy. Rats from group II showed significantly greater increases in mean plasma glucose levels at 15 and 30 days after ligature placement compared with rats from group III (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in spite of the significant alveolar bone loss progression that was observed in groups I, II and IV (p < 0.00001; two‐way anova), no significant differences among these groups regarding the severity of bone loss (p = 0.77) and no significant interaction between treatment group and time (p = 0.81) were found.Conclusions:  Within the limits of this study, it can be suggested that the severity of periodontal disease was not affected by short‐term diabetes, and that experimental periodontitis increased blood glucose levels in uncontrolled diabetic rats.
Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide Is Required for Increased Trabecular Bone Volume in Parathyroid Hormone-Null Mice
Authors: Miao Dengshun , Li Jiarong , Xue Yingben , Su Hanyi , Karaplis Andrew C. , Goltzman David 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe investigated the relative contributions of PTH and PTHrP to the skeletal phenotype of mice deficient in PTH (PTH−/−). PTH−/− mice and PTH−/− mice lacking one allele encoding PTHrP (PTH−/−PTHrP+/−) were compared. Both mutants displayed similar biochemical abnormalities of hypoparathyroidism, but skeletal PTHrP mRNA and protein were decreased in PTH−/−PTHrP+/ − mice. PTH−/− mice had increased trabecular bone volume with diminished bone turnover. PTHrP haploinsufficiency reduced trabecular bone of the PTH−/− mice to levels below those in wild-type animals by decreasing osteoprogenitor cell recruitment, enhancing osteoblast apoptosis, and diminishing bone formation. The results show that the increased trabecular bone volume in PTH-deficient mice is due to diminished PTH-induced osteoclastic bone resorption and persistent PTHrP-stimulated osteoblastic bone formation. They also illustrate the changing role of PTHrP during bone development, demonstrate its bone- forming function in the postnatal state, and support its pharmacological potential as an anabolic agent.
Glucose Toxicity
Authors: Yki-Järvinen Hannele 
Published: April 2004

AbstractChronic hyperglycemia is not only a marker of the diabetes state but also a factor that itself worsens the diabetic state by impairing glucose‐induced insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. In patients with type 1 diabetes, maintenance of excellent glycemic control early in the course of the disease prolongs remission by preserving insulin secretion and normalizing insulin sensitivity. In these patients, chronic hyperglycemia can be regarded as a major cause for peripheral insulin resistance. Consequently, if excellent glycemic control is achieved, insulin sensitivity is normal. In patients with type 2 diabetes, glucose toxicity concept is likely to explain at least part of the beneficial effects of exogenous insulin therapy and weight loss on endogenous insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity.
Dietary Management of Diabetes Mellitus: Japanese Guidance and Methodology
Authors: Baba Shigeaki , Nambu Seiki 
Published: April 2004

Abstract
The Japanese diet is widely known to be a healthy one, with a low risk for causing cardiovascular disease. Historically rooted, Japanese gastronomic culture is unique, and includes a wide variety of foodstuffs, original flavoring recipes, and fermentation methods. A distinctive Food Guide Pyramid for Japanese people and a meal log chart, evaluating eight major treatment assessments, have been created to aid dietary guidance. The results are represented diagrammatically in this chapter, with each of the treatment assessments being scored. Straightforward to understand, this guidance is stress‐free for the patient and helps ensure that the patient follows the appropriate dietary regimen.
Since diabetes treatment not only involves blood glucose level monitoring, but also the evaluation of the disease's complications course, the treatment assessments are made on a 3–6‐months timeframe. The case study results indicate that the dietary guidance based on the Food Guide Pyramid is useful and beneficial for treatment of the disease.
Novel Connexin 43 (GJA1) mutation causes oculo–dento–digital dysplasia with curly hair
Authors: Kjaer Klaus W. , Hansen Lars , Eiberg Hans , Leicht Pernille , Opitz John M. , Tommerup Niels 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOculo–dento–digital dysplasia (ODDD) [OMIM 164200] is a rare autosomal dominant pleiotropic disorder comprising ocular, craniofacial, and digital anomalies, caused by mutations in the gap junction alpha‐1 gene (GJA1 or Connexin 43 (CX43)) [Paznekas et al., 2003]. In a Danish family affected over five generations, we found a novel mutation, 286G → A, resulting in Val96Met. We provide an easy method for mutation detection by use of the restriction enzyme Nde1 and discuss possible pathogenetic mechanisms, arguing that loss of function cannot be excluded. This is the second article reporting ODDD mutations. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mild Wolf–Hirschhorn phenotype and partial gh deficiency in a patient with a 4p terminal deletion
Authors: Titomanlio L. , Romano A. , Conti A. , Genesio R. , Salerno M. , De Brasi D. , Nitsch L. , Del Giudice E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is caused by a variably‐sized deletion of chromosome 4 involving band 4p16 whose typical craniofacial features are “Greek warrior helmet appearance” of the nose, microcephaly, and prominent glabella. Almost all patients show mental retardation and pre‐ and post‐natal growth delay. Patient was born at term, after a pregnancy characterized by intra‐uterine growth retardation (IUGR). Delivery was uneventful. Developmental delay was evident since the first months of life. At 2 years, he developed generalized tonic‐clonic seizures. Because of short stature, low growth velocity and delayed bone age, at 4 years he underwent growth hormone (GH) evaluation. Peak GH after two provocative tests revealed a partial GH deficiency. Clinical observation at 7 years disclosed a distinctive facial appearance, with microcephaly, prominent eyes, and beaked nose. Brain MRI showed left temporal mesial sclerosis. GTG banded karyotype was normal. Because of mental retardation, subtelomeric fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was performed, disclosing a relatively large deletion involving 4p16.2 → pter (about 4.5 Mb), in the proband, not present in the parents. The smallest deletion detected in a WHS patient thus far includes two candidate genes,WHSC1andWHSC2. Interestingly, that patient did not show shortness of stature, and that could be due to the haploinsufficiency of other genes localized in the flanking regions. Contribution of GH alterations and possible GH therapy should be further considered in WHS patients. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Meta‐analysis of the association between a serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5‐HTTLPR) and anxiety‐related personality traits
Authors: Sen Srijan , Burmeister Margit , Ghosh Debashis 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAnxiety‐related personality traits, such as NEO neuroticism and TCI/TPQ harm avoidance, have been shown to have significant genetic components. To date, however, no specific genetic variants that contribute to these traits have been conclusively identified. At least 26 studies have investigated a putative association between a functional serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5‐HTTLPR) and anxiety‐related personality traits. The results of these studies have been inconsistent with some studies finding evidence for an association, and others not. We performed a meta‐analysis of all applicable studies investigating this association. In the overall analysis (N = 5,629 subjects), we found suggestive evidence for an association between the 5‐HTTLPR short allele (s) and increased anxiety‐related personality trait scores (P = 0.087). However, we also found strong evidence for heterogeneity. This heterogeneity is largely explained by substantial variation between the studies in the inventory used. When the analysis was stratified by inventory type, there was a significant association between 5‐HTTLPR and NEO neuroticism (P = 0.000016), a non‐significant association between 5‐HTTLPR and TCI/TPQ harm avoidance (P = 0.166), and no association between 5‐HTTLPR and other anxiety‐related personality traits (P = 0.944). There was no evidence that these results were either due to publication bias or accounted for by any one single study. We conclude that there is a strong association between the serotonin transporter promoter variant and neuroticism as measured in the NEO personality inventory and that non‐replications are largely due to small sample size and the use of different inventories. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Help of third‐year medical students decreases first‐year medical students' negative psychological reactions on the first day of gross anatomy dissection
Authors: Houwink Aletta P. , Kurup Anil N. , Kollars Joshua P. , Kral Kollars Catharine A. , Carmichael Stephen W. , Pawlina Wojciech 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe assistance of third‐year medical students (MS3) may be an easy, inexpensive, educational method to decrease physical and emotional stress among first‐year medical students (MS1) on the first day of gross anatomy dissection. In the academic years 2000–2001 and 2001–2002, a questionnaire on the emotional and physical reactions on the first day of dissection was distributed to 84 MS1 at Mayo Medical School (Rochester, MN); 74 (88%) responded. Student perceptions were assessed on a 5‐point Likert scale. The 42 second‐year medical students (MS2) whose first academic year was 1999–2000 were used as a control group, because they had not had assistance from MS3. MS2 completed the same questionnaire (59% response rate). Data were collected from MS1 on the day of their first gross anatomy dissection. The most frequent reactions were headache, disgust, grief or sadness, and feeling light‐headed. Significant differences (α < 0.05) were found with use of the χ2 test to compare the emotional and physical reactions of MS1 and MS2. MS1 had significantly fewer physical reactions (64% vs. 88%), reporting lower levels of anxiety (23% vs. 48%), headache (14% vs. 36%), disgust (9% vs. 20%), feeling light‐headed (11% vs. 24%), and reaction to the smell of the cadaver and laboratory (8% vs. 52%). MS1 commented that having MS3 at the dissection table was extremely helpful. They relied less on their peers and felt they learned more efficiently about the dissection techniques and anatomical structures. Using MS3 as assistants is one method to reduce fear and anxiety on the first day of gross anatomy dissection. Clin. Anat. 17:328–333, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Yttrium‐90 ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy in Richter syndrome
Authors: Tsimberidou Apostolia‐Maria , Murray James L. , O'Brien Susan , Wierda William G. , Keating Michael J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBACKGROUND90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan is a radioimmunotherapeutic construct that is reported to be an effective treatment for patients with lymphoma. The aim of the current analysis was to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy and safety of 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan in patients with Richter syndrome (RS).METHODSPatients with histologically proven CD20‐positive RS and < 25% lymphoma and/or chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the bone marrow were treated. Patients received an imaging dose of 111In‐labeled ibritumomab tiuxetan of 1.6 mg (5.0 mCi of 111In) intravenously. One week later, they received 0.3 or 0.4 mCi/kg of 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan. Rituximab, at a dose of 250 mg/m2 intravenously, was given immediately before ibritumomab tiuxetan on Days 1 and 8.RESULTSSeven patients were treated. Their median age was 56 years (range, 44–70 years). The median time to transformation was 7.9 years (range, 0.7–28.4 years). The median number of previous therapies received was five (range, one to seven previous therapies). The median number of previous therapies received for RS was one (range, none to three previous therapies). Six patients were treated previously with hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone alternating with methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside. No patient responded to 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan therapy. All patients developed disease progression. The median time to disease progression was 41 days (range, 39–89 days). Side effects included hematologic toxicity. Grade 3–4 (according to the second version of the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria) thrombocytopenia and neutropenia occurred in 5 patients (71%) and 2 patients (29%), respectively. There was one episode of septic shock in a patient with Grade 4 neutropenia.CONCLUSIONS90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan had no significant antitumor activity and hematologic toxicity was severe in these heavily pretreated patients with RS. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
The role of craniospinal irradiation in adults with a central nervous system recurrence of leukemia
Authors: Sanders Kevin E. , Ha Chul S. , Cortes‐Franco Jorge E. , Koller Charles A. , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Cox James D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis in patients with leukemia has reduced the incidence of CNS disease recurrence, it still is reported to occur in approximately 5–10% of cases, resulting in a median survival of 6 months. Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) has been shown to improve survival in children who develop a CNS recurrence of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). However, to the authors' knowledge, the role of CSI in adults with a CNS recurrence of leukemia is unknown.METHODSA retrospective review of adult patients treated with CSI for a CNS recurrence of leukemia identified 16 patients treated between 1986 and 2001. The median age of the patients was 34 years (range, 16–58 years). The diagnoses included seven patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), eight patients with ALL, and one patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. All patients had achieved a complete disease remission prior to the CNS recurrence. Eleven patients had an isolated CNS recurrence and 5 patients had concurrent disease identified in the blood/bone marrow. The median dose of radiation was 24 grays (Gy) (range, 18–34.5 Gy) to the cranium and 18 Gy (range, 15–30 Gy) to the spine. The median fraction size was 1.8 Gy (range, 1.5–2.0 Gy) to the cranium and 1.5 Gy (range, 1.5–2.0 Gy) to the spine. Fifteen patients were also treated with intrathecal chemotherapy.RESULTSOne patient failed to complete radiation treatment because of disease progression. Thirteen patients achieved a complete response in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The median time to disease progression was 3 months from the first day of CSI and 7 months from CNS recurrence. The median survival was 4 months and 9 months, respectively. No CNS recurrences occurred, but there were 11 bone marrow failures, 2 patients without recurrence at > 5 years, and 3 deaths without a documented site of failure. Thirteen patients had no evidence of disease in the CSF until their death or the time of last follow‐up.CONCLUSIONSCSI with or without intrathecal chemotherapy appears to be effective at eliminating leukemia in the craniospinal axis. However, the eradication of disease in the CNS was not found to be effective at preventing disease recurrence in the bone marrow, and despite improved control of disease in the CNS, adult patients with a CNS recurrence still had a poor prognosis. Furthermore, the rapidly fatal course of disease prevented an assessment of the durability of CNS response to irradiation. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.