bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atmospheric modes fiddling the simulated ENSO impact on tropical cyclone genesis over the Northwest Pacific
Authors: Zhao Jiuwei , Zhan Ruifen , Murakami Hiroyuki , Wang Yuqing , Xie Shang-Ping , Zhang Leying , Guo Yipeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is crucial to the interannual variability of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis over the western North Pacific (WNP). However, most state-of-the-art climate models exhibit a consistent pattern of uncertainty in the simulated TC genesis frequency (TCGF) over the WNP in ENSO phases. Here, we analyze large ensemble simulations of TC-resolved climate models to identify the source of this uncertainty. Results show that large uncertainty appears in the South China Sea and east of the Philippines, primarily arising from two distinct atmospheric modes: the Matsuno-Gill-mode (MG-mode) and the Pacific-Japan-like pattern (PJ-mode). These two modes are closely associated with anomalous diabatic heating linked to tropical precipitation bias in model simulations. By conditionally constraining either of the modes, we can significantly reduce model uncertainty in simulating the dipole structure of the TCGF anomalies, confirming that it is the atmospheric circulation bias in response to tropical precipitation bias that causes uncertainty in the simulated WNP TCGF.
Psychedelic concentrations of nitrous oxide reduce functional differentiation in frontoparietal and somatomotor cortical networks
Authors: Dai Rui , Huang Zirui , Larkin Tony E. , Tarnal Vijay , Picton Paul , Vlisides Phillip E. , Janke Ellen , McKinney Amy , Hudetz Anthony G. , Harris Richard E. , Mashour George A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the longstanding use of nitrous oxide and descriptions of its psychological effects more than a century ago, there is a paucity of neurobiological investigation of associated psychedelic experiences. We measure the brain’s functional geometry (through analysis of cortical gradients) and temporal dynamics (through analysis of co-activation patterns) using human resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired before and during administration of 35% nitrous oxide. Both analyses demonstrate that nitrous oxide reduces functional differentiation in frontoparietal and somatomotor networks. Importantly, the subjective psychedelic experience induced by nitrous oxide is inversely correlated with the degree of functional differentiation. Thus, like classical psychedelics acting on serotonin receptors, nitrous oxide flattens the functional geometry of the cortex and disrupts temporal dynamics in association with psychoactive effects.
Resurgence of superconductivity and the role of dxy hole band in FeSe1−xTex
Authors: Morfoot Archie B. , Kim Timur K. , Watson Matthew D. , Haghighirad Amir A. , Singh Shiv J. , Bultinck Nick , Coldea Amalia I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIron-chalcogenide superconductors display rich phenomena caused by orbital-dependent band shifts and electronic correlations. Additionally, they are potential candidates for topological superconductivity due to the band inversion between the Fe d bands and the chalcogen pz band. Here we present a detailed study of the electronic structure of the nematic superconductors FeSe1−xTex (0 < x < 0.4) using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to understand the role of orbital-dependent band shifts, electronic correlations and the chalcogen band. We assess the changes in the effective masses using a three-band low energy model, and the band renormalization via comparison with DFT band structure calculations. The effective masses decrease for all three-hole bands inside the nematic phase, followed by a strong increase for the band with dxy orbital character. Interestingly, this nearly-flat dxy band becomes more correlated as it shifts towards the Fermi level with increasing Te concentrations and as the second superconducting dome emerges. Our findings suggests that the dxy hole band, which is very sensitive to the chalcogen height, could be involved in promoting an additional pairing channel and increasing the density of states to stabilize the second superconducting dome in FeSe1−xTex. This simultaneous shift of the dxy hole band and enhanced superconductivity is in contrast with FeSe1−xSx.
The state of food systems worldwide in the countdown to 2030
Authors: Schneider Kate R. , Fanzo Jessica , Haddad Lawrence , Herrero Mario , Moncayo Jose Rosero , Herforth Anna , Remans Roseline , Guarin Alejandro , Resnick Danielle , Covic Namukolo , Béné Christophe , Cattaneo Andrea , Aburto Nancy , Ambikapathi Ramya , Aytekin Destan , Barquera Simon , Battersby Jane , Beal Ty , Molina Paulina Bizzoto , Cafiero Carlo , Campeau Christine , Caron Patrick , Conforti Piero , Damerau Kerstin , Di Girolamo Michael , DeClerck Fabrice , Dewi Deviana , Elouafi Ismahane , Fabi Carola , Foley Pat , Frazier Tyler J. , Gephart Jessica , Golden Christopher , Fischer Carlos Gonzalez , Hendriks Sheryl , Honorati Maddalena , Huang Jikun , Kennedy Gina , Laar Amos , Lal Rattan , Lidder Preetmoninder , Loken Brent , Marshall Quinn , Masuda Yuta J. , McLaren Rebecca , Miachon Lais , Muñoz Hernán , Nordhagen Stella , Qayyum Naina , Saisana Michaela , Suhardiman Diana , Sumaila U. Rashid , Cullen Maximo Torero , Tubiello Francesco N. , Vivero-Pol Jose-Luis , Webb Patrick , Wiebe Keith 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis Analysis presents a recently developed food system indicator framework and holistic monitoring architecture to track food system transformation towards global development, health and sustainability goals. Five themes are considered: (1) diets, nutrition and health; (2) environment, natural resources and production; (3) livelihoods, poverty and equity; (4) governance; and (5) resilience. Each theme is divided into three to five indicator domains, and indicators were selected to reflect each domain through a consultative process. In total, 50 indicators were selected, with at least one indicator available for every domain. Harmonized data of these 50 indicators provide a baseline assessment of the world’s food systems. We show that every country can claim positive outcomes in some parts of food systems, but none are among the highest ranked across all domains. Furthermore, some indicators are independent of national income, and each highlights a specific aspiration for healthy, sustainable and just food systems. The Food Systems Countdown Initiative will track food systems annually to 2030, amending the framework as new indicators or better data emerge.
Millions of seafloor pits, not pockmarks, induced by vertebrates in the North Sea
Authors: Schneider von Deimling Jens , Hoffmann Jasper , Geersen Jacob , Koschinski Sven , Lohrberg Arne , Gilles Anita , Belkin Igor , Böttner Christoph , Papenmeier Svenja , Krastel Sebastian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSeabed pockmarks are among the most prominent morphologic structures in the oceans. They are usually interpreted as surface manifestation of hydrocarbon fluids venting from sediments. Here we suggest an alternative hypothesis of pockmark formation based on latest multibeam echosounder data with a centimeter resolution. In the North Sea, >40,000 enigmatically shaped shallow depressions or ‘pits’ with a mean depth of 0.11 m were documented, that do not resemble known pockmark morphologies. Combining the new echosounder data with information from behavioral biology, physical oceanography, satellite remote sensing and habitat mapping, we conclude that harbor porpoises excavate sediments during benthic foraging. By grubbing the seabed, they cause sandeels to escape from the sediment and initiate the formation of seafloor pits. Time-lapse data reveals that the initially feeding pits serve as nuclei for scouring and eventually merge into larger scour-pits. With the immense number of vertebrates in the ocean, such megafauna-driven macro-bioturbation reshapes the seafloor, modulates sediment transport, and ultimately impacts associated ecosystems on a global scale.
How lowermost mantle viscosity controls the chemical structure of Earth’s deep interior
Authors: Dannberg Juliane , Chotalia Kiran , Gassmöller Rene 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDetermining the fate of subducted oceanic crust is critical for understanding material cycling through Earth’s deep interior and sources of mantle heterogeneity. A key control on the distribution of subducted slabs over long timescales is the bridgmanite to post-perovskite phase transition in the lowermost mantle, thought to cause rheological weakening. Using high-resolution computational models, we show that the ubiquitous presence of weak post-perovskite at the core-mantle boundary can facilitate or prevent the accumulation of basaltic oceanic crust, depending on the amount of weakening and the crustal thickness. Moderately weak post-perovskite ( ~ 10–100× weaker) facilitates segregation of crust from subducted slabs, increasing basalt accumulation in dense piles. Conversely, very weak post-perovskite (more than 100× weaker) promotes vigorous plumes that entrain more crustal material, decreasing basalt accumulation. Our results reconcile the contradicting conclusions of previous studies and provide insights into the accumulation of subducted crust in the lowermost mantle throughout Earth’s history.
Global trends of fronts and chlorophyll in a warming ocean
Authors: Yang Kai , Meyer Amelie , Strutton Peter G. , Fischer Andrew M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOcean fronts affect phytoplankton and higher trophic levels, including commercially important fisheries. As the oceans warm, uncertainty remains around the trends in fronts. Here we examine changes in sea surface temperature fronts (frequency, density, and intensity) and the concentration of chlorophyll, over recent satellite records (2003 – 2020) in ocean warming hotspots - areas that are warming faster than other parts of the ocean. Commonalities exist across hotspots with comparable dynamics. Most equatorial and subtropical gyre hotspots experienced a decline in frontal activity (frequency, density, strength) and chlorophyll concentration, while in high-latitude hotspots, frontal activity and chlorophyll concentration mostly increased. Continued warming may accentuate the impacts, changing both total biomass and the distribution of marine species. Areas with changing fronts and phytoplankton also correspond to areas of important global fish catch, highlighting the potential societal significance of these changes in the context of climate change.
Fertile upper mantle peridotite xenoliths indicate no wholesale destruction of cratonic root in East Asia
Authors: Samuel Vinod O. , Kwon Sanghoon , Jang Yirang , Kil Youngwoo , Santosh M. , Park Chaewon , Yi Keewook 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA major question in geodynamic evolution of the Earth is whether the continental keel evolved geochemically or were delaminated and replaced by a new mantle. Here we present direct evidence for the geochemical evolution of continental keel from lherzolite xenoliths preserved in the Cenozoic alkali basalts from Jeju Island, Korea. Our findings, using detailed petrography and geochemical methods, reveal distinct textures and compositional changes (represented by olivine with magnesium number 91–87, 86–61 respectively) of two stages of geochemical alteration. The first stage involved a parental kimberlite melt that penetrated during the Paleozoic, and the second was caused by alkali basalt during Cenozoic. Our findings suggest that the Archean depleted harzburgitic upper mantle partially evolved to lherzolitic through interaction with melts/fluids that originated from the deep mantle, implying no wholesale delamination of the upper mantle root of East Asian continents.
Dynamic coupling of fast channel gating with slow ATP-turnover underpins protein transport through the Sec translocon
Authors: Crossley Joel A , Allen William J , Watkins Daniel W , Sabir Tara , Radford Sheena E , Tuma Roman , Collinson Ian , Fessl Tomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Sec translocon is a highly conserved membrane assembly for polypeptide transport across, or into, lipid bilayers. In bacteria, secretion through the core channel complex—SecYEG in the inner membrane—is powered by the cytosolic ATPase SecA. Here, we use single-molecule fluorescence to interrogate the conformational state of SecYEG throughout the ATP hydrolysis cycle of SecA. We show that the SecYEG channel fluctuations between open and closed states are much faster (~20-fold during translocation) than ATP turnover, and that the nucleotide status of SecA modulates the rates of opening and closure. The SecY variant PrlA4, which exhibits faster transport but unaffected ATPase rates, increases the dwell time in the open state, facilitating pre-protein diffusion through the pore and thereby enhancing translocation efficiency. Thus, rapid SecYEG channel dynamics are allosterically coupled to SecA via modulation of the energy landscape, and play an integral part in protein transport. Loose coupling of ATP-turnover by SecA to the dynamic properties of SecYEG is compatible with a Brownian-rachet mechanism of translocation, rather than strict nucleotide-dependent interconversion between different static states of a power stroke.
Evolutionary insights from profiling LINE-1 activity at allelic resolution in a single human genome
Authors: Yang Lei , Metzger Genevieve A , Padilla Del Valle Ricky , Delgadillo Rubalcaba Diego , McLaughlin Richard N 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransposable elements have created the majority of the sequence in many genomes. In mammals, LINE-1 retrotransposons have been expanding for more than 100 million years as distinct, consecutive lineages; however, the drivers of this recurrent lineage emergence and disappearance are unknown. Most human genome assemblies provide a record of this ancient evolution, but fail to resolve ongoing LINE-1 retrotranspositions. Utilizing the human CHM1 long-read-based haploid assembly, we identified and cloned all full-length, intact LINE-1s, and found 29 LINE-1s with measurable in vitro retrotransposition activity. Among individuals, these LINE-1s varied in their presence, their allelic sequences, and their activity. We found that recently retrotransposed LINE-1s tend to be active in vitro and polymorphic in the population relative to more ancient LINE-1s. However, some rare allelic forms of old LINE-1s retain activity, suggesting older lineages can persist longer than expected. Finally, in LINE-1s with in vitro activity and in vivo fitness, we identified mutations that may have increased replication in ancient genomes and may prove promising candidates for mechanistic investigations of the drivers of LINE-1 evolution and which LINE-1 sequences contribute to human disease.
Vision on gyrate atrophy: why treat the eye?
Authors: Bergen Arthur A , Buijs Mark JN , ten Asbroek Anneloor LMA , Balfoort Berith M , Boon Camiel JF ,   The Dutch GACR “Bird’s Eye View” Consortium, Diederen Roselie RMH , Ferdinandusse Sacha , Ferreira Elise A , Schultink Patrick , Timmer Corrie , Vaz Frédéric M , Verhaagen Joost , Wagenmakers Margreet AEM , Waterham Hans R , Wijburg Frits , Brands Marion M , Wanders Ronald JA , van Karnebeek Clara DM , Houtkooper Riekelt H 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the April issue of this Journal, Boffa and coworkers put forward a new therapeutic approach for Gyrate Atrophy of the Choroid and Retina (GACR; OMIM 258870) (Boffa et al, 2023). The authors propose to apply gene therapy to the liver for GACR, a metabolic disease primarily affecting eyesight due to retinal degeneration. Their vision is enthusiastically supported by a News and Views comment in the same issue (Seker Yilmaz and Gissen, 2023). However, based on disease pathology, patient’s needs, ethical considerations, therapeutic developmental time lines, and current state of the art of gene therapy for liver and eye, we have a different view on this issue: We argue below that local treatment of the eye is the preferred option for GACR.
Chromosomal instability in aneuploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia associates with disease progression
Authors: Molina Oscar , Ortega-Sabater Carmen , Thampi Namitha , Fernández-Fuentes Narcís , Guerrero-Murillo Mercedes , Martínez-Moreno Alba , Vinyoles Meritxell , Velasco-Hernández Talía , Bueno Clara , Trincado Juan L , Granada Isabel , Campos Diana , Giménez Carles , Boer Judith M , den Boer Monique L , Calvo Gabriel F , Camós Mireia , Fuster Jose-Luis , Velasco Pablo , Ballerini Paola , Locatelli Franco , Mullighan Charles G , Spierings Diana C J , Foijer Floris , Pérez-García Víctor M , Menéndez Pablo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChromosomal instability (CIN) lies at the core of cancer development leading to aneuploidy, chromosomal copy-number heterogeneity (chr-CNH) and ultimately, unfavorable clinical outcomes. Despite its ubiquity in cancer, the presence of CIN in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cB-ALL), the most frequent pediatric cancer showing high frequencies of aneuploidy, remains unknown. Here, we elucidate the presence of CIN in aneuploid cB-ALL subtypes using single-cell whole-genome sequencing of primary cB-ALL samples and by generating and functionally characterizing patient-derived xenograft models (cB-ALL-PDX). We report higher rates of CIN across aneuploid than in euploid cB-ALL that strongly correlate with intraclonal chr-CNH and overall survival in mice. This association was further supported by in silico mathematical modeling. Moreover, mass-spectrometry analyses of cB-ALL-PDX revealed a “CIN signature” enriched in mitotic-spindle regulatory pathways, which was confirmed by RNA-sequencing of a large cohort of cB-ALL samples. The link between the presence of CIN in aneuploid cB-ALL and disease progression opens new possibilities for patient stratification and offers a promising new avenue as a therapeutic target in cB-ALL treatment.
Catalogue of BRITE-Constellation targets
Authors: Zwintz K. , Pigulski A. , Kuschnig R. , Wade G. A. , Doherty G. , Earl M. , Lovekin C. , Müllner M. , Piché-Perrier S. , Steindl T. , Beck P. G. , Bicz K. , Bowman D. M. , Handler G. , Pablo B. , Popowicz A. , Różański T. , Mikołajczyk P. , Baade D. , Koudelka O. , Moffat A. F. J. , Neiner C. , Orleański P. , Smolec R. , Louis N. St. , Weiss W. W. , Wenger M. , Zocłońska E. 
Published: December 2023

Context. The BRIght Target Explorer (BRITE) mission collects photometric time series in two passbands with the aim of investigating stellar structure and evolution. Since their launches in the years 2013 and 2014, the constellation of five BRITE nano-satellites has observed a total of more than 700 individual bright stars in 64 fields. Some targets have been observed multiple times. Thus, the total time base of the datasets acquired for those stars can be as long as nine years.
Aims. Our aim is to provide a complete description of ready-to-use BRITE data, to show the scientific potential of the BRITE-Constellation data by identifying the most interesting targets, and to demonstrate how scientists can use these data in their research, and encourage them to do so.
Methods. We applied a decorrelation process to the automatically reduced BRITE-Constellation data to correct for instrumental effects. We performed a statistical analysis of the light curves obtained for the 300 stars observed in the first 14 fields during the first ~2.5 yr of the mission. We also performed cross-identification with the International Variable Star Index.
Results. We present the data obtained by the BRITE-Constellation mission in the first 14 fields it observed, from November 2013 to April 2016. We also describe the properties of the data for these fields and the 300 stars observed in them. Using these data, we detect variability in 64% of the presented sample of stars. Sixty-four stars, or 21.3% of the sample, have not yet been identified as variable in the literature and their data have not been analysed in detail. They can therefore provide valuable scientific material for further research. All data are made publicly available through the BRITE Public Data Archive and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre.
Perturbative analysis of the effect of a magnetic field on gravito-inertial modes
Authors: Lignières F. , Ballot J. , Deheuvels S. , Galoy M. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Magnetic fields have been measured recently in the cores of red giant stars thanks to their effects on stellar oscillation frequencies. The search for magnetic signatures in pulsating stars, such as γ Doradus (γ Dor) or slowly pulsating B stars, requires us to adapt the formalism developed for slowly rotating red giants to rapidly rotating stars.
Aims. We perform a theoretical analysis of the effects of an arbitrary magnetic field on high radial order gravity and Rossby modes in a rapidly rotating star.
Methods. The magnetic effects were treated as a perturbation. For high radial order modes, the contribution of the radial component of the magnetic field is likely to dominate over the azimuthal and latitudinal components. The rotation is taken into account through the traditional approximation of rotation.
Results. General expressions of the frequency shift induced by an arbitrary radial magnetic field are derived. Approximate analytical forms are obtained in the high-order, high-spin-parameter limits for the modes most frequently observed in γ Dor stars. We propose simple methods to detect seismic magnetic signatures and measure possible magnetic fields in such stars.
Conclusions. These methods offer new possibilities to look for internal magnetic fields in future observations, such as those of the PLATO mission, or of revisiting existing Kepler or TESS data.
Differenzierung zwischen Alzheimer-Demenz und Depression im Alter:
Übersicht und Konzeptionierung eines
Angehörigen-Fragebogens
Authors: Peichel Sarah , Quante Arnim 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Differentialdiagnostik von Alzheimer-Demenz und Major
Depression im Alter ist aufgrund überlappender und sich
ähnelnder Symptome erschwert. Mit Hilfe eines
Angehörigenfragebogens könnte die Diagnostik deutlich
vereinfacht werden. .
Material und Methode Anhand einer Auswahl von klinischen Kriterien, einer
Expertenbefragung sowie der statistische Auswertung der Expertenbefragung wird
ein Fragebogen für Angehörige konzeptioniert.
Ergebnisse 15 von 48 vorgeschlagenen klinischen Kriterien werden von
Neuropsychologen für die Differentialdiagnostik als geeignet bewertet
und in dem Angehörigen-Fragebogen (ADAD) zusammengefasst. Erste
Ergebnisse der Validierung des Fragebogens geben ebenfalls einen Hinweis auf die
Tauglichkeit der klinischen Kriterien.
Schlussfolgerungen Der ADAD-Fragebogen könnte in der klinischen
Praxis die Differentialdiagnostik von Demenz und Altersdepression schnell und
einfach ergänzen, muss jedoch noch in einer größeren
Patientengruppe evaluiert werden. Schlüsselwörter