bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the thermal decomposition of munitions wastewater
Authors: Adhikari Roshan , Parziale Nick , Su Tsan‐Liang , Braida Washington , Christodoulatos Christos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate (AN) laden munitions wastewater and comparable control samples were studied under air and nitrogen environments at pressures from 0.1 MPa to 10 MPa. The decomposition enthalpies, measured using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), and gaseous emissions, measured using a Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), were used to evaluate the quality of decomposition. Experiments demonstrated that higher pressures improved the energy yield and reduced the quantities of harmful
from the decomposition of all samples. At 10 MPa, experimentally measured decomposition enthalpy from the munitions wastewater was 1.8 MJ/kg, approximately 45 % of its standard enthalpy of decomposition, and NO and
accounted for only 0.7 % and 0.08 % of the nitrogen in the sample, respectively. The emissions stream from the wastewater was found to primarily consist of
,
,
and
. An analysis of the heat releases and the emissions showed that higher pressures improved the extent and enthalpy of decomposition by preventing premature loss of gaseous intermediates and sensible heat through the pin‐hole crucibles used in the experiments. Moreover, high pressures precluded the evaporation of water and promoted the decomposition of AN via a radical mechanism.
Preparation and performance characterization of temperature‐sensitive JP‐3 kerosene gel propellant
Authors: Yu Deng Han , Ang Zheng Zi , Xie A Ming , Lin Chen Ze , Cao Ping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTwo types of JP‐3 kerosene gels were prepared using AC−C10 (N‐acetyl‐L‐isoleucyl decylamine, type A) and modified hydrogenated castor oil (type B) as gelling agents, and the gel formation mechanism between the two gelling agents and JP‐3 kerosene was investigated. The rheological properties of the gels, including stability, yield stress, shear thinning, and thixotropic behavior, were tested and discussed. The viscosity curves were fitted with the HBE constitutive equation and compared with the power‐law model. Non‐time‐dependent, time‐dependent, and temperature‐dependent constitutive equations of the kerosene gels were constructed. The effects of time and temperature on viscosity were analyzed. The results showed that the type B JP‐3 kerosene gel was more physically stable and less influenced by centrifugal force. Both types of gels exhibited a decrease in viscosity with increasing shear rate, indicating shear thinning behavior. Additionally, both gels demonstrated some degree of thixotropy, although the recoagulation was found to be weak. With an increase in temperature, the viscosity of the type A gel initially decreased, then increased, and finally decreased again until it approached the viscosity of kerosene at 75 °C. On the other hand, the viscosity of the type B kerosene gel gradually decreased and approached the viscosity of kerosene at 75 °C. Both types of gels exhibited high temperature sensitivity.
Characterizing lysine acetylation of glucokinase
Authors: Fatema Nour , Li Xinyu , Gan Qinglei , Fan Chenguang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlucokinase (GK) catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose‐6‐phosphate as the substrate of glycolysis for energy production. Acetylation of lysine residues in Escherichia coli GK has been identified at multiple sites by a series of proteomic studies, but the impact of acetylation on GK functions remains largely unknown. In this study, we applied the genetic code expansion strategy to produce site‐specifically acetylated GK variants which naturally exist in cells. Enzyme assays and kinetic analyses showed that lysine acetylation decreases the GK activity, mostly resulting from acetylation of K214 and K216 at the entrance of the active site, which impairs the binding of substrates. We also compared results obtained from the glutamine substitution method and the genetic acetyllysine incorporation approach, showing that glutamine substitution is not always effective for mimicking acetylated lysine. Further genetic studies as well as in vitro acetylation and deacetylation assays were performed to determine acetylation and deacetylation mechanisms, which showed that E. coli GK could be acetylated by acetyl‐phosphate without enzymes and deacetylated by CobB deacetylase.
Toward a Laser‐Free Diamond Magnetometer for Microwave Fields
Authors: Zhao Pengju , Wang Haodong , Kong Fei , Wang Zhecheng , Guo Yuhang , Yu Huiyao , Shi Fazhan , Du Jiangfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a unique magnetometer. Its atomic size enables integrations of a tremendous amount (nNV) of NV centers in a bulk diamond with a sensitivity scaling as . However, such a bulk sensor requires a high‐power laser to polarize and read out the NV centers. The increasing thermal damage and additional noises associated with high‐power lasers hinder the growth of nNV, and thus limit the sensitivity at picotesla level. Here, it shows a relaxometry‐based microwave magnetometer that the power density is determined by the relaxation time T1. By cooling the diamond sensor to prolong the T1 (≈s), the required power density further reduces to , of the saturation value. This work paves the way for the utilization of large‐size diamond to promote the sensitivity of diamond magnetometer to femtotesla level and beyond.
Distributed extended state observer‐based fault‐tolerant control for nonlinear multi‐agent systems with switching topologies
Authors: Hua Xingxing , Dai Xin , Sun Shaoxin , Sun Yue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a novel fault‐tolerant control scheme is designed and analyzed for multi‐agent systems (MASs) with incipient faults, disturbances, parameter uncertainties, time delay, and nonlinear terms, and the proposed MAS with switching communication topologies. Firstly, the proposed distributed extended state observer estimates the incipient fault and system states in follower agents, which extends the incipient fault vector to a new system state. Meanwhile, the designed observer considers the output errors of itself and other agents. Further, a state estimation feedback‐based fault‐tolerant controller is constructed, composed of a delay estimator and a non‐delay estimator to guarantee the proposed MASs have good operation performance. Then, some stability analysis conclusions of the MAS with incipient faults, time delay, disturbances, parameter uncertainties, and nonlinear terms are obtained. The proposed results can also be applied to practical systems like the wireless power transfer system. Finally, two simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fault‐tolerant control technique.
High‐Performance Li‐Ion and Na‐Ion Capacitors Based on a Spinel Li4Ti5O12 Anode and Carbonaceous Cathodes
Authors: Akshay Manohar , Jyothilakshmi Shaji , Lee Yun‐Sung , Aravindan Vanchiappan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLithium‐ion hybrid capacitors (LICs) have become promising electrochemical energy storage systems that overcome the limitations of lithium‐ion batteries and electrical double‐layer capacitors. The asymmetric combination of these devices enhances the overall electrochemical performance by delivering simultaneous energy and power capabilities. Lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12, LTO), a spinel zero‐strain material, has been studied extensively as an anode material for LIC applications because of its high‐rate capability, negligible volume change, and enhanced cycling performance. Here, the different synthetic methods and modifications of the intercalation‐type LTO to enhance the overall electrochemical performance of LICs are mainly focused. Moreover, the cathodic part (i.e., the activated carbon derived from various sources, including natural products, polymers, and inorganic materials) is also dealt with as it contributes substantially to the overall performance of the LIC. Not only do the anode and cathode, but also the electrolytes have a substantial influence on LIC performance. The electrolytes used in LTO‐based LICs as well as in flexible and bendable configurations are also mentioned. Overall, the previous work along with other available reports on LTO‐based LICs in a simplified way is analyzed.
Constructing tin oxides Interfacial Layer with Gradient Compositions for Efficient Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 28%
Authors: Xiong Zhijun , Wu Long , Zhou Xiaoheng , Yang Shaofei , Liu Zhiliang , Liu Wentao , Zhao Jie , Li Wei , Yu Cao , Yao Kai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtomic layer deposition (ALD) growth of conformal thin SnOx films on perovskite absorbers offers a promising method to improve carrier‐selective contacts, enable sputter processing, and prevent humidity ingress toward high‐performance tandem perovskite solar cells. However, the interaction between perovskite materials and reactive ALD precursor limits the process parameters of ALD‐SnOx film and requires an additional fullerene layer. Here, it demonstrates that reducing the water dose to deposit SnOx can reduce the degradation effect upon the perovskite underlayer while increasing the water dose to promote the oxidization can improve the electrical properties. Accordingly, a SnOx buffer layer with a gradient composition structure is designed, in which the compositionally varying are achieved by gradually increasing the oxygen source during the vapor deposition from the bottom to the top layer. In addition, the gradient SnOx structure with favorable energy funnels significantly enhances carrier extraction, further minimizing its dependence on the fullerene layer. Its broad applicability for different perovskite compositions and various textured morphology is demonstrated. Notably, the design boosts the efficiencies of perovskite/silicon tandem cells (1.0 cm2) on industrially textured Czochralski (CZ) silicon to a certified efficiency of 28.0%.
Precise Atomic Structure Regulation of Single‐Atom Platinum Catalysts toward Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Jin Chunqiao , Huo Liuxiang , Tang Jianli , Li Shubing , Jiang Kai , He Qianqian , Dong Hongliang , Gong Yongji , Hu Zhigao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNoble metal single‐atom‐catalysts (SACs) have demonstrated significant potential to improve atom utilization efficiency and catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, challenges still remain in rationally modulating active sites and catalytic activities of SACs, which often results in sluggish kinetics and poor stability, especially in neutral/alkaline media. Herein, precise construction of Pt single atoms anchored on edge of 2D layered Ni(OH)2 (Pt‐Ni(OH)2‐E) is achieved utilizing in situ electrodeposition. Compared to the single‐atom Pt catalysts anchored on the basal plane of Ni(OH)2 (Pt‐Ni(OH)2‐BP), the Pt‐Ni(OH)2‐E possesses superior electron affinity and high intrinsic catalytic activity, which favors the strong adsorption and rapid dissociation toward water molecules. As a result, the Pt‐Ni(OH)2‐E catalyst requires low overpotentials of 21 and 34 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline and neutral conditions, respectively. Specifically, it shows the high mass activity of 23.6 A mg−1 for Pt at the overpotential of 100 mV, outperforming the reported catalysts and commercial Pt/C. This work provides new insights into the rational design of active sites for preparing high‐performance SACs.
High‐Performance Supercapacitors Using Hierarchical And Sulfur‐Doped Trimetallic NiCo/NiMn Layered Double Hydroxides
Authors: He Weikang , Li Jingjing , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yang Juan , Zeng Ting , Yang Nianjun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA supercapacitor features high power density and long cycling life. However, its energy density is low. To ensemble a supercapacitor with high power‐ and energy‐densities, the applied capacitor electrodes play the key roles. Herein, a high‐performance capacitive electrode is designed and grown on a flexible carbon cloth (CC) substrate via a hydrothermal reaction and a subsequent ion exchange sulfuration process. It has a 3D heterostructure, consisting of sulfur‐doped NiMn‐layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets (NMLS) and sulfur‐doped NiCo‐LDH nanowires (NCLS). The electrode with sheet‐shaped NMLS and wire‐shaped NCLS on their top (NMLS@NCLS/CC) increases the available surface area, providing more pseudocapacitive sites. It exhibits a gravimetric capacity of 555.2 C g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, the retention rate of 75.1% when the current density reaches up to 20 A g−1, as well as superior cyclic stability. The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor that is composed of a NMLS@NCLS/CC positive electrode and a sulfurized activated carbon negative electrode presents a maximum energy density of 24.2 Wh kg−1 and a maximum power density of 16000 W kg−1. In this study, a facile strategy for designing hierarchical LDH materials is demonstrated as well as their applications in advanced energy storage systems.
RETRACTED: Exploring the role of lactylation‐related genes in osteosarcoma: A deep dive into prognostic significance and therapeutic potential
Authors: Sun Jingdong , Li Yong , Chen Rui , Xie Yi , Wei Jie , Li Binbin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS), notorious for its complex pathogenesis and formidable prognosis, represents a significant medical quandary. This research embarked on a quest to unravel the implications of lactylation‐related genes (LRGs) in OS, offering a novel lens through which to interpret its intricacies. A meticulous evaluation of 329 LRGs within the TARGET dataset spotlighted 27 paramount genes, intricately intertwined with survival. These genes highlighted metabolic processes—particularly amino acid metabolism—as key players, as evidenced in both GO and KEGG analyses. Utilizing consensus clustering and principal component analysis, the 93 OS samples were segmented into two distinct groups, differing notably in overall and event‐free survival. Cluster 2 demonstrated a heightened immune response, contrasting the other cluster. Machine learning techniques, like generalized boosted model, CoxBoost, and RSF, spotlighted MYC and GOT2 as critical genes. Using multivariate Cox regression, a risk model was developed, categorizing patients into high and low‐risk groups, each displaying varied survival patterns. Additionally, a contrast was observed between MYC and GOT2's associations with HLA molecules, emphasizing their distinct roles in antigen presentation. Potential therapeutic avenues were identified for each risk group, with special attention to mutations in MYC, particularly amplifications, hinting at its role in tumor progression. Finally, delving deeper into the role of MYC, Western blot analyses exhibited amplified myc protein levels in OS cells U‐2 and MG‐63 when juxtaposed against human osteoblastic cells Hfob1.19. A focused knockdown of myc in OS cells subsequently confirmed its influence on cell proliferation and migration, with reduced myc expression resulting in inhibited cell activities. Furthermore, immunofluorescence assays corroborated myc's heightened expression in OS cells relative to normal osteoblastic cells. In summary, this study accentuates the vital role of LRGs and specifically MYC in OS, ushering in a horizon of tailored therapeutic strategies.
Citrate‐coated silver nanoparticles loaded with agomelatine provide neuronal therapy in acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion of rats by inhibiting the oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and P2X7 receptor‐mediated inflammasome
Authors: Gelen Volkan , Özkanlar Seçkin , Kara Adem , Yeşildağ Ali 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCerebral ischemia and reperfusion are related to various situations like injuries after various traumas, oxidative stress, increased calcium ion, capillary hypoperfusion, microvascular hyperpermeability, leukocyte infiltration, and blood–brain barrier disruption. An antidepressant Agomelatine which is a melatonin receptor (MT1/MT2) agonist and serotonin receptor (5‐HT2C) antagonist has been reported by studies to have antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects. In our study, we aimed to detect the effects of citrate‐coated silver nanoparticle‐loaded agomelatine application on neurodegeneration, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagic and apoptotic cell death, inflammation, and P2X7R expression in the cerebral ischemia–reperfusion model to facilitate the passage of blood–brain barrier. Forty two Sprague–Dawley rats in total were divided into six equal groups (n:7) and applications were performed. Acute cerebral injury in the ischemia–reperfusion model was created 2 h after internal carotid artery ligation in rats and then at the 2nd hour of reperfusion citrate‐coated silver nanoparticles loaded with Agomelatine were applied. Twenty four hours later, neurologic analysis on animals in experimental groups was performed, animals were decapitated and GSH, GPx, SOD, CAT, MDA, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α parameters were examined after taking blood and the cerebral tissue samples. As a result, it was determined that ischemia–reperfusion caused endoplasmic reticulum stress in the cerebral tissues and thus caused cellular injury.
Assessment of Motor Unit Potentials Duration as the Biomarker of DT-DEC01 Cell Therapy Efficacy in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients up to 12 Months After Systemic–Intraosseous Administration
Authors: Niezgoda Adam , Biegański Grzegorz , Wachowiak Jacek , Czarnota Jarosław , Siemionow Krzysztof , Heydemann Ahlke , Ziemiecka Anna , Sikorska Maria H. , Bożyk Katarzyna , Siemionow Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal X-linked disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, leading to muscle degeneration and wasting. Electromyography (EMG) is an objective electrophysiological biomarker of muscle fiber function in muscular dystrophies. A novel, DT-DEC01 therapy, consisting of Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric (DEC) cells created by fusing allogeneic myoblasts from normal donors with autologous myoblasts from DMD-affected patients, was assessed for safety and preliminary efficacy in boys of age 6–15 years old (n = 3). Assessments included EMG testing of selected muscles of upper (deltoideus, biceps brachii) and lower (rectus femoris and gastrocnemius) extremities at the screening visit and at 3, 6, and 12 months following systemic–intraosseous administration of a single low dose of DT-DEC01 therapy (Bioethics Committee approval no. 46/2019). No immunosuppression was administered. Safety of DT-DEC01 was confirmed by the lack of therapy-related Adverse Events or Serious Adverse Events up to 22 months following DT-DEC01 administration. EMG of selected muscles of both, ambulatory and non-ambulatory patients confirmed preliminary efficacy of DT-DEC01 therapy by an increase in motor unit potentials (MUP) duration, amplitudes, and polyphasic MUPs at 12 months. This study confirmed EMG as a reliable and objective biomarker of functional assessment in DMD patients after intraosseous administration of the novel DT-DEC01 therapy.
Strongly Proper Connected Coloring of Graphs
Authors: Dębski Michał , Grytczuk Jarosław , Naroski Paweł , Śleszyńska-Nowak Małgorzata 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study a new variant of connected coloring of graphs based on the concept of strong edge coloring (every color class forms an induced matching). In particular, an edge-colored path is strongly proper if its color sequence does not contain identical terms within a distance of at most two. A strong proper connected coloring of G is the one in which every pair of vertices is joined by at least one strongly proper path. Let $${{\,\textrm{spc}\,}}(G)$$

spc

(
G
)

denote the least number of colors needed for such coloring of a graph G. We prove that the upper bound $${{\,\textrm{spc}\,}}(G)\le 5$$

spc

(
G
)
≤
5

holds for any 2-connected graph G. On the other hand, we demonstrate that there are 2-connected graphs with arbitrarily large girth satisfying $${{\,\textrm{spc}\,}}(G)\ge 4$$

spc

(
G
)
≥
4

. Additionally, we prove that graphs whose cycle lengths are divisible by 3 satisfy $${{\,\textrm{spc}\,}}(G)\le 3$$

spc

(
G
)
≤
3

. We also consider briefly other connected colorings defined by various restrictions on color sequences of connecting paths. For instance, in a nonrepetitive connected coloring of G, every pair of vertices should be joined by a path whose color sequence is nonrepetitive, that is, it does not contain two adjacent identical blocks. We demonstrate that 2-connected graphs are 15-colorable, while 4-connected graphs are 6-colorable, in the connected nonrepetitive sense. A similar conclusion with a finite upper bound on the number of colors holds for a much wider variety of connected colorings corresponding to fairly general properties of sequences. We end the paper with some open problems of concrete and general nature.
Impact of physician-staffed ground emergency medical services-administered pre-hospital trauma care on in-hospital survival outcomes in Japan
Authors: Tsuboi Motohiro , Hibiya Manabu , Kawaura Hiroyuki , Seki Nozomu , Hasegawa Kazuki , Hayashi Tatsuhiko , Matsuo Kentaro , Furuya Shintaro , Nakajima Yukiko , Hitomi Suguru , Ogawa Kaoru , Suzuki Hajime , Yamamoto Daisuke , Asami Masahiro , Sakamoto Saki , Kamiyama Jiro , Okuda Yuko , Minami Kazu , Teshigahara Katsunobu , Gokita Masashi , Yasaka Koichi , Taguchi Shigemasa , Kiyota Kazuya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In Japan, the vehicle used in pre-hospital trauma care systems with physician-staffed ground emergency medical services (GEMS) is referred to as a “doctor car”. Doctor cars are highly mobile physician-staffed GEMS that can provide complex pre-hospital trauma management using various treatment strategies. The number of doctor car operations for patients with severe trauma has increased. Considering facility factors, the association between doctor cars and patient outcomes remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between doctor cars for patients with severe trauma and survival outcomes in Japan.

Methods
A nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare the impact of the doctor car group with the non-physician-staffed GEMS group on in-hospital survival in adult patients with severe trauma. The data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations.

Results
This study included 372,365 patients registered in the Japan Trauma Data Bank between April 2009 and March 2019. Of the 49,144 eligible patients, 2361 and 46,783 were classified into the doctor car and non-physician staffed GEMS groups, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for survival was significantly higher in the doctor car group than in the non-physician staffed GEMS group (adjusted OR = 1.228 [95% confidence interval 1.065–1.415]).

Conclusion
Using nationwide data, this novel study suggests that doctor cars improve the in-hospital survival rate of patients with severe trauma in Japan. Therefore, doctor cars could be an option for trauma strategies.