bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kidney retransplantation outcomes in adults aged 70 and older: Analysis of risk factors and survival
Authors: Sibulesky Lena , Leca Nicolae , Bakthavatsalam Ramasamy , Perkins James D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn increasing number of older patients are undergoing kidney transplant. Because of a finite longevity, more patients will be faced with failing allografts. At present there is a limited understanding of the benefits and risks associated with kidney retransplantation in this challenging population.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network database of all adults ≥70 undergoing kidney retransplant from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2022. We examined patient and graft survival of retransplanted patients compared to first time transplants. We also analyzed the risk factors that impacted the survival.ResultsDuring the study period there has been a significant rise in the number of retransplants performed, with 631 patients undergoing the procedure. Although clinically insignificant, overall graft, and patient survival rates were slightly lower in the retransplant group compared to the primary transplant group. With retransplant, patient survival was 91.3%, 75.6%, and 56.9% compared to 93.4%, 81.4%, and 64.4% with primary transplant at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. With retransplant, graft survival was 89.5%, 73.5%, 57.4% compared to 91.5%, 79.0%, and 63.6% in a primary transplant group at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that factors predicting poor survival included longer time on dialysis before retransplantation and decreased functional capacity. No survival difference was noted between recipients of deceased versus living donor kidneys. Patients who underwent retransplantation before initiating dialysis had better patient and graft survival.ConclusionPatients aged ≥70 achieve satisfactory outcomes following kidney retransplantation, highlighting that chronologic age should not preclude this medically complex population from this life‐saving procedure. Improvement in functional status and timely retransplantation are the key factors to successful outcome.
How knowledge sharing and emotional intelligence drive team performance
Authors: Rechberg Isabel D. W. , Essig Elena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), knowledge sharing (KS) and perceived team performance. Data from 209 respondents were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. In this study, we identified interaction patterns between the management dimensions of EI, KS and perceived team performance. A direct effect of KS on perceived team performance was found, yet EI is not a necessary precondition to the relationship. We further found that it is essential to differentiate between knowledge obtaining and knowledge providing and thus acknowledge the two‐dimensionality of KS. We offer suggestions to scholars and practitioners concerned with the planning and management of KS in organisations.
Surgery of the paranasal sinuses of horses
Authors: Schumacher Jim , Easley Jack , Brink Palle 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe paranasal sinuses of horses can be exposed through an osteoplastic flap to determine the cause of clinical signs of disease referable to the paranasal sinuses, such as facial deformity or abnormal chronic, unilateral nasal charge, or to remove abnormal contents within it, such as a progressive ethmoidal haematoma, an osteoma, a neoplasm, a cyst, inspissated exudate, a fungal granuloma or feed. The two types of osteoplastic flaps are the frontonasal flap and the maxillary flap. The frontonasal flap is the easier of the two to create and is the most commonly created flap because it provides direct or indirect access to all compartments of the ipsilateral paranasal sinuses. The maxillary flap provides good access to the rostral and caudal maxillary sinuses and is created most commonly to provide access to an orosinus fistula or the alveolus of a diseased maxillary molar to remove dental or osseous fragments.
Nursery areas of Micromesistius poutassou and Sardina pilchardus unveil their reproductive strategies in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Sabatés Ana , Raya Vanesa , Salat Jordi , Mir‐Arguimbau Joan , Olivar M. Pilar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWinter conditions in the NW Mediterranean cause instability of the water column and non‐geostrophic dynamics, such as vertical mixing and convection are significant. These events involve nutrient supply to the photic zone that can sustain high productivity. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of winter hydrodynamics on the spawning strategies of Sardina pilchardus and Micromesistius poutassou. Data were obtained on two oceanographic cruises (February 2017 and 2018) off the Catalan coast. The occurrence of S. pilchardus eggs very close to the coast indicated a clear preference of the species for spawning in coastal areas. Preflexion and postflexion larvae exhibited a slightly wider distribution showing a clear association with the cold, less saline and more productive coastal waters. Preflexion larvae of M. poutassou were found on the upper slope and over the shelf, being offshore limited by the shelf/slope front present all along the slope. The front would act as a barrier preventing their dispersion towards the open sea. M. poutassou larvae in advanced developmental stages were located close to the coast in the productive shelf waters, with instabilities of the front contributing to larval transport from offshore waters to the coast. The vertical distribution of both species showed high variability, not only related with the daily cycle or developmental stage, but also with the vertical structure of the water column. Overall, the results provide some clues on how the spawning strategies of both species may evolve under future scenarios of higher winter‐stratification, because of the global warming.
Factors influencing xerostomia and oral health‐related quality of life in polymedicated patients
Authors: Ramírez Lucía , Sánchez Isabel , González‐Serrano José , Muñoz Marta , Martínez‐Acitores María Luisa , Garrido Estela , Hernández Gonzalo , López‐Pintor Rosa María 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate whether the severity of xerostomia in older polymedicated patients impacts oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL).BackgroundMedication‐associated xerostomia is common in older people. Xerostomia may impair OHRQoL.Materials and methodsThis cross‐sectional study included older hypertensive patients from two health centres. We assessed the severity of xerostomia and OHRQoL using the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) tool, and the Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 (OHIP‐14) instrument, respectively. We measured unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated (SWS) salivary flows. Univariate and multiple linear regression analyses evaluated the associations of XI and OHIP‐14 and different explanatory variables.ResultsOf the 218 patients enrolled, 51.8% had xerostomia, and 38.1% and 27.5% suffered from UWS and SWS hyposalivation, respectively. Patients with xerostomia, UWS, and SWS hyposalivation scored significantly higher on the XI. However, only those with xerostomia or UWS hyposalivation had significantly higher OHIP‐14 scores. A moderate correlation was observed between XI and OHIP‐14 scores. The multiple regression model showed that factors with the greatest impact on XI were the patient's complaint of xerostomia, UWS flow rate, age and sex. However, only the XI score was significantly associated with the OHIP‐14 score.ConclusionXerostomia has a negative impact on OHRQoL in older polymedicated patients, but this impact is less than in other types of xerostomia. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether changes in the detected explanatory variables influence XI and OHIP scores in these patients.
Evidence surveillance for a living clinical guideline: Case study of the Australian stroke guidelines
Authors: McDonald Steve , Hill Kelvin , Li Heidi Z. , Turner Tari 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundContinual evidence surveillance is an integral feature of living guidelines. The Australian Stroke Guidelines include recommendations on 100 clinical topics and have been ‘living’ since 2018.ObjectivesTo describe the approach for establishing and evaluating an evidence surveillance system for the living Australian Stroke Guidelines.MethodsWe developed a pragmatic surveillance system based on an analysis of the searches for the 2017 Stroke Guidelines and evaluated its reliability by assessing the potential impact on guideline recommendations. Search retrieval and screening workload are monitored monthly, together with the frequency of changes to the guideline recommendations.ResultsEvidence surveillance was guided by practical considerations of efficiency and sustainability. A single PubMed search covering all guideline topics, limited to systematic reviews and randomised trials, is run monthly. The search retrieves about 400 records a month of which a sixth are triaged to the guideline panels for further consideration. Evaluations with Epistemonikos and the Cochrane Stroke Trials Register demonstrated the robustness of adopting this more restrictive approach. Collaborating with the guideline team in designing, implementing and evaluating the surveillance is essential for optimising the approach.ConclusionMonthly evidence surveillance for a large living guideline is feasible and sustainable when applying a pragmatic approach.
Über die Futterweitergabe zwischen Angehörigen verschiedener Waldameisen
Authors: Lange Rolf 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung1. Bei Formica polyctena Först. wurde der Nahrungsaustausch zwischen Außendienst‐♀♀ aus weisellosen und ebenso aus weiselrichtigen Völkern untersucht. Unter gleichen äußeren Bedingungen gehaltene Ableger verteilen den hochgewürgten Kropfinhalt auch nach monatelanger Trennung gleichmäßig an die Nestgenossinnen und an die ♀♀ des Stammvolkes. Die Königinnenzahl wie auch die Anweiselung nestfremder ♀♀ beeinflußt die Futterverteilung nicht.2. Nach Abänderung der Nahrungsqualität werden die Nestgenossinnen bereits innerhalb weniger Tage bevorzugt gefüttert. Eine Vorbehandlung der ♀♀ mit verschiedenem Nestmaterial oder natürlichen Aromastoffen bewirkt ebenfalls eine gerichtete Futterverteilung. Die unterschiedliche Weitergabe des Kropfinhaltes wird mit einer Veränderung der Geruchsuniform der Versuchsvölker erklärt.3. Die ♀♀ ‐Gruppe, die sich in der Arena in der Minderheit befindet, gibt entgegen dem Sättigungsgefälle Kropfinhalt an die Mehrheit dann ab, wenn beide Gruppen verschieden vorbehandelt wurden. Die hungernden ♀♀ der Minderheit leiten häufig durch “Anbieten” die Fütterungspaarungen ein. Dieses Verhalten wird als Demutshandlung gedeutet.
Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Affen und Halbaffen über Generalisation von Insekten‐ und Blütenabbildungen
Authors: Lehr Erich 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung

Nach Dressur in Zweifachwahl auf 3 verschiedene, einfarbige Insekten‐abbildungen gegen diese farbgleichen und größenähnlichen Abbildungen welker Blätter, Samen, Zweigstücke usw. wählten eine Rhesusäffin (Macaca mulatta) und ein Kapuzineraffe (Cebus apella) in zahlreichen Testversuchen spontan und in signifikanten Prozentsätzen ihnen zuvor unbekannte und z. T. stark von den Dressurvorbildern verschiedene Insektenabbildungen sicher vor neuen Abbildungen anderer Naturobjekte. Ein entsprechendes Ergebnis hatte die Dressur auf 3 verschiedene Blütenabbildungen gegen gleichfarbige Bilder verschiedener Pflanzenteile, als danach neue Blüten‐ und Gegenmuster geboten wurden. Insgesamt erhielt jeder Affe 10 000 Dressur‐ und Testdarbietungen mit Insekten‐ und 13 000 entsprechende Aufgaben mit Blütenabbildungen.
Durch Darbietung schrittweise vereinfachter Blütenschemata wurde erwiesen, daß die Affen nach wenigen, auch bei sonst sehr verschiedenen Blüten ähnlichen Formkriterien generalisierten. Sie erkannten sehr vereinfachte Blütenschemata sowohl an deren Umriß als auch daran, daß mehrere Formele‐mente strahlig aufeinander zuwiesen. Komplexe Muster erkannten die Affen am sichersten, weil dabei mehrere Unterscheidungskriterien summativ die Wahl erleichterten.
Deutliche Lernkurven bei den Dressuren und die nicht starr gleich‐bleibende Wahl gleicher Muster in Testversuchen lehren, daß es sich bei der Bevorzugung von Insekten‐ und Blütenabbildungen nicht nur um die Wirkung angeborener Auslösemechanismen handelte.
Rhesus‐ und Kapuzineraffe zeigten beim Wahlverhalten und bei der Reaktion auf gleiche Muster große Ähnlichkeit. Der Kapuziner lernte aber schneller und war bei den ersten Testversuchen sicherer.
Ein Katta (Lemur catta) lernte erst nach über 6000 Versuchen eine Insekten‐ und eine Gegenabbildung zu unterscheiden, auch nachdem beide auf den Kopf gestellt wurden. Vor einem zweiten entsprechenden Musterpaar versagte der Katta trotz erheblichem Dressuraufwand.
Die Versuchsergebnisse machen wahrscheinlich, daß Rhesus‐ und Kapuzineraffen auch unter natürlichen Umweltbedingungen für sie bedeutsame Objekte wie Insekten und Blüten relativ schnell durch Generalisation erkennen lernen, mit anderen Worten, daß sie generalisierte Vorstellungen bilden.
Dynamics of Aggression in Male Pumpkinseed Sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) over the Reproductive Phase
Authors: Colgan Patrick W. , Gross Mart R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChanges in aggressive responsiveness to 5 stimulus dummies (Normal, Aggressive, and Subordinate sunfish, Pike, and Minnow) over the 4 periods (Nesting, Spawning, Brooding, and Vacating) of the reproductive phase were studied in 49 ♂ ♂ over two seasons in the field by presenting the Normal sunfish dummy and one other dummy daily. The results showed large initial increases and subsequent decreases in responsiveness over this phase. The dummies were treated as conspecific or heterospecific and the fish discriminated among them in terms of placement of Bites and frequencies of different responses, especially Opercular Spreads. Positive correlations among the response frequencies indicated a unitary intraspecific aggression system. External and internal stimuli combine additively to elicit aggressive reactions. Energetic costs and sexual selection are likely operative in the evolution of aggressive responsiveness.ZusammenfassungDie Fortpflanzungsphase des Gemeinen Sonnenbarsches (Lepomis gibbosus) läßt sich in vier Abschnitte unterteilen: Nestbau, Laichen, Brutbewachen, Verlassen des Ortes. Im Freien wurde mit Attrappen die Angriffsbereitschaft von 49 ♂ ♂ in diesen Abschnitten untersucht. Anschwimmen, Ausweichen, Kiemendeckelspreizen und Beißen ergaben zuerst einen steilen Anstieg, dann einen langsamen Abfall über diese Zeit. Anzeichen für Gewöhnung an die Attrappen gab es nicht. Kiemendeckelspreizen trat vicl häufiger gegen Art‐genossen‐ als gegen Artfremden‐Attrappen auf.Die Attrappen zeigten: 1. aggressive, 2. normale, 3. unterlegene Art‐genossen, 4. Hecht, 5. Karpfenfisch. Zu jeder Zeit war die Angriffsbereitschaft gegen (1.) am höchsten und nahm in der Reihenfolge der Aufzählung ab. Gebissen wurde (1.) bevorzugt auf die Kiemendeckel, (2.) und (3.) an Kopf und Flanken, (4.) am Schwanz.Positive Korrelationen zwischen den Reaktionshäufigkeiten deuten auf ein einheitliches Aggressionssystem hin. Aggressive Reaktionen werden von außen vor allem durch die Kiemendeckelzeichnung und die dunkle Streifung des Körpers beeinflußt; die inneren Faktoren wurden auf einer Motivations‐achse angeordnet.In die Entscheidung zu kämpfen gehen wahrscheinlich die aufzuwendende Energie, die Vorteile des Koloniebrütens, Balzaktivitäten, Feindabwehr und Artgenossenkonkurrenz ein. Die geschlechtliche Auslese begünstigt sehr aggressive ♂ ♂ und deutliche Geschlechtsunterschiede.
A Review of Some Recent Developments in Portfolio Modelling in Applied Research and Development
Authors: GEAR A. E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract—At the present time, very few organizations appear to be using the more complex, portfolio based, resource allocation models proposed in the literature. It is the objective of this paper to discuss some extensions and improvements to a basic linear programming approach to decision making in R&D, pointing out their weaknesses whether of a theoretical or practical nature.
Programming and 21st century skill development in K‐12 schools: A multidimensional meta‐analysis
Authors: Hu Linlin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground StudyAs interest in programming education continues to grow, more educators are incorporating programming into K‐12 classrooms. There is evidence that programming can help develop essential skills for future societal advancement, known as 21st century skills. However, there has been limited research into which sub‐skills of 21st century skills are fostered through programming and the effect sizes thereof.ObjectiveThis study presented a meta‐analysis to comprehensively understand the influence of programming instruction in K‐12 classrooms on the development of students' 21st century skills in different dimensions of sub‐skills. And further analysed the impact of key elements of programming instruction design on its effectiveness.MethodsA comprehensive meta‐analysis was conducted, covering 74 empirical studies published between 2000 and 2023, involving 136 effect sizes, and moderation analyzes on variables of instructional design.ResultsThis study indicated that implementing programming instruction in K‐12 schools can help develop students' multiple dimensions of 21st century skills, such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, problem‐solving and decision, learning to learn, ICT literacy, and personal and social responsibility. Overall, programming demonstrates a moderate but significant effect on improving 21st century skills (Hedges's g = 0.621, p = 0.000 < 0.01). Furthermore, several best practices were identified to enhance students' 21st century skills, including initiating programming education from kindergarten, limiting the duration of programming interventions to 6 months, adopting interdisciplinary approaches to programming education, utilizing visual programming tools, and selecting appropriate assessment methods.ConclusionBased on these findings, this study recommended the thoughtful design of programming education to maximize its advantages in various dimensions of 21st century skills.
Identification and functional analysis of circulating small extracellular vesicle lncRNA signatures in children with fulminant myocarditis
Authors: Ma Mengjie , Chen Siyu , Zhang Xinyue , Yang Rulin , Zhang Li , Guo Kaiyin , Wang Jing , Jia Hailin , You Yingnan , Han Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFulminant myocarditis (FM) is the most serious type of myocarditis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of FM has not been fully elucidated. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play important roles in many diseases, but any potential role in paediatric FM has not been reported. Here, the differential signatures of lncRNAs in plasma sEVs were studied in FM children and healthy children using transcriptome sequencing followed by functional analysis. Then immune‐related lncRNAs were screened to study their role in immune mechanisms, the levels and clinical relevance of core immune‐related lncRNAs were verified by qRT‐PCR in a large sample size. Sixty‐eight lncRNAs had increased levels of plasma sEVs in children with FM and 11 had decreased levels. Functional analysis showed that the sEVs‐lncRNAs with different levels were mainly related to immunity, apoptosis and protein efflux. Seventeen core immune‐related sEVs‐lncRNAs were screened, functional enrichment analysis showed that these lncRNAs were closely related to immune activation, immune cell migration and cytokine pathway signal transduction. The results of the study show that sEVs‐lncRNAs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of fulminant myocarditis in children, especially in the mechanism of immune regulation.
Mutations of evolutionarily conserved aromatic residues suggest that misfolding of the mouse prion protein may commence in multiple ways
Authors: Pal Suman , Udgaonkar Jayant B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe misfolding of the mammalian prion protein from its α‐helix rich cellular isoform to its β‐sheet rich infectious isoform is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. The determination of the structural mechanism by which misfolding commences, still remains an unsolved problem. In the current study, native‐state hydrogen exchange coupled with mass spectrometry has revealed that the N state of the mouse prion protein (moPrP) at pH 4 is in dynamic equilibrium with multiple partially unfolded forms (PUFs) capable of initiating misfolding. Mutation of three evolutionarily conserved aromatic residues, Tyr168, Phe174, and Tyr217 present at the interface of the β2‐α2 loop and the C‐terminal end of α3 in the structured C‐terminal domain of moPrP significantly destabilize the native state (N) of the protein. They also reduce the free energy differences between the N state and two PUFs identified as PUF1 and PUF2**. It is shown that PUF2** in which the β2‐α2 loop and the C‐terminal end of α3 are disordered, has the same stability as the previously identified PUF2*, but to have a very different structure. Misfolding can commence from both PUF1 and PUF2**, as it can from PUF2*. Hence, misfolding can commence and proceed in multiple ways from structurally distinct precursor conformations. The increased extents to which PUF1 and PUF2** are populated at equilibrium in the case of the mutant variants, greatly accelerate their misfolding. The results suggest that the three aromatic residues may have been evolutionarily selected to impede the misfolding of moPrP.
Efficacy and safety of a noninvasive, home‐based radiofrequency device for facial rejuvenation: An open‐label, intraindividual controlled trial
Authors: Ai Xuechen , Chen Liuyu , Lan Yu , Liu Ben , Song Pengfei , Wang Jing , Zhang Zhenying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWrinkle formation is the most visible characteristic of facial aging. Radiofrequency (RF) technology is currently utilized to reduce facial wrinkles and contribute to skin rejuvenation.ObjectiveTo analyze the efficacy and safety of a noninvasive, home‐based RF device applied for facial rejuvenation in Chinese people.MethodsA single‐center, open‐label, intraindividual controlled trial was performed on subjects who received an 8‐week treatment of the RF device. A total of 22 female individuals aged 25–60 years with Fitzpatrick skin type III–IV were enrolled. Efficacy of treatment was subjectively evaluated using the Fitzpatrick Wrinkle Classification Scale (FWCS) assessed by physician or overall satisfaction of subject with a 10‐point VAS, and objectively using the skin ultrasound examination as well as the 3D skin analysis system. Adverse event was recorded at each visit.ResultsIn comparison with the baseline, evaluator‐assessed FWCS scores showed significant improvement at 4 weeks (p < 0.005) and 8 weeks (p < 0.005) after treatment. All subjects reported different degrees of improvement in facial wrinkles after 8 weeks of treatment. The results of skin ultrasound examination revealed significant increase of the dermal thickness at week 8 (p < 0.05) as compared to the baseline. In addition, a significant decrease in the proportion and density of perioral wrinkles evaluated by the 3D skin analysis system was observed from baseline to week 4. The treatment was well‐tolerated, and no serious adverse event was observed.ConclusionThis noninvasive, home‐based RF device was effective in improving skin texture and elasticity with a safe and well‐tolerated treating procedure.