bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial and ethnic disparities in self-reported general and mental health status among colorectal cancer survivors: impact of sociodemographic factors and implications for mortality—a SEER-CAHPS study
Authors: Yoon Paul S. , Navarro Stephanie , Barzi Afsaneh , Ochoa-Dominguez Carol Y. , Arizpe Angel , Farias Albert J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Patient-reported outcomes are recognized as strong predictors of cancer prognosis. This study examines racial and ethnic differences in self-reported general health status (GHS) and mental health status (MHS) among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
A retrospective analysis of Medicare beneficiaries between 1998 and 2011 with non-distant CRC who underwent curative resection and completed a Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) survey within 6–36 months of CRC diagnosis. Analysis included a stepwise logistic regression to examine the relationship between race and ethnicity and fair or poor health status, and a proportional hazards model to determine the mortality risk associated with fair or poor health status.

Results
Of 1867 patients, Non-Hispanic Black (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.06–2.28) and Hispanic (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.04–2.11) patients had higher unadjusted odds for fair or poor GHS compared to Non-Hispanic White patients, also Hispanic patients had higher unadjusted odds for fair or poor MHS (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.23–3.01). These relationships persisted after adjusting for clinical factors but were attenuated after subsequently adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Compared to those reporting good to excellent health status, patients reporting fair or poor GHS or MHS had an increased mortality risk (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.31–1.76 and OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.34–1.99, respectively).

Conclusion
Racial and ethnic differences in GHS and MHS reported after CRC diagnosis are mainly driven by sociodemographic factors and reflect a higher risk of mortality. Identifying unmet biopsychosocial needs is necessary to promote equitable care.
Polarization adaptation to improve cell border area bitrates and system capacity in small cells
Authors: Lempiäinen Jukka , Sheikh Muhammad Usman , Asp Ari , Jäntti Riku 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe target of this paper is to show the impact of polarization adaptation on the received signal quality in an outdoor small-cell deployment scenario. The signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) is the key factor in defining the achievable data rate, and the capacity of the cell. At the cell border area, the SIR value is typically low and causes a significant decrease in the system capacity and achievable data rates. These bad SIR areas at the cell border can be improved by using orthogonal polarizations in the neighboring cells rather than using all polarizations over the whole cell coverage area. For the research work of this paper, a series of measurements were carried out to measure a received signal power and a cross polarization discrimination (XPD) ratio while the signal is transmitted and received with a different set of polarizations. In the measurements, we have considered horizontal, vertical, +/− 45° slanted polarizations, and two different environments, urban street and open space, and three frequency bands, 970−1030 MHz, 2000−2030 MHz and 3364−3400 MHz. The measurement results revealed that at a different distance from the transmitter, for horizontal/vertical polarization, the average XPD is around 24.7 dB and 31.7 dB in the urban street and open area environments, respectively. For +/− 45° slanted polarization, the average XPD is around 11.5 dB and 12.1 dB in the urban street and open area environments, respectively. This paper goes on to propose polarization adaptation in each cell, where the primary polarization is valid for the whole service area of the cell, and secondary polarization is only used in close proximity of the base station antenna. Considering the results, it is emphasized that system capacity can be significantly improved by having only one channel with good SIR values compared to multiple channels with bad SIR values. However, MIMO channels with orthogonal polarizations or with spatial multiplexing can be utilized in the closed vicinity of the base station, i.e., in an area with good SIR values. It is shown that the overall cell capacity can be increased by almost 35% by utilizing polarization adaptation compared to MIMO 2 × 2.
Studying teacher withitness in the wild: comparing a mirroring and an alerting & guiding dashboard for collaborative learning
Authors: Kasepalu Reet , Chejara Pankaj , Prieto Luis P. , Ley Tobias 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTeachers in a collaborative learning (CL) environment have the demanding task of monitoring several groups of students at the same time and intervening when needed. This withitness (both the situational awareness and interventions taken in class) of the teacher might be increased with the help of a guiding dashboard alerting the teacher of problems and providing suggestions for interventions. This paper introduces a quasi-experiment carried out in authentic classrooms. We examined how a mirroring and an alerting & guiding dashboard affected the withitness of teachers in a face-to-face learning environment while students discussed and used a collaborative writing tool. Twenty-four teachers were observed, interviewed, and answered surveys in three different conditions altogether: with no extra information about the situation, using a dashboard mirroring low-level data about the collaboration, and additionally an AI assistant indicating problems in pedagogical terms and potential solutions (i.e., a guiding dashboard). The results show that the situational awareness of the teachers increased with the introduction of a mirroring dashboard. The workload of the participating teachers dropped more with the introduction of an alerting & guiding dashboard, helping teachers feel less frustrated and more accomplished.
Psychosoziale Notfallversorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen nach Suizid oder Tötung im Nahfeld
Authors: Kern Tita , Rinne-Wolf Susanna , Finkeldei Simon 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Sowohl der Suizid als auch die Tötung einer nahen Person stellen folgenreiche und risikohafte traumatische Erlebnisse für Kinder und Jugendliche dar, welche zahlreiche Familien betreffen. Diese Fälle sind potenzielle Einsätze für die Fachkräfte der Psychosozialen Notfallversorgung (PSNV), deren frühe und spezifische Ansätze nach hoch belastenden Lebenserfahrungen fachlich indiziert sind.

Ziel
Ziel der zugrunde liegenden Studie ist es, die Erfahrungen von Fachkräften der Psychosozialen Akuthilfe (PSAH) bei Einsätzen, in denen es um Suizid oder Tötung geht und Kinder betroffen sind, zu erheben. Es sollen der Stand der Versorgung betroffener Familien und die Einschätzung des Hilfebedarfs sowie die anschließenden Versorgungsangebote der PSNV für betroffene Kinder, Jugendliche und Familien nach der unmittelbaren PSAH abgebildet werden.

Methode
Per teilstandardisiertem Online-Fragebogen wurden Daten von 506 Fachkräften der PSNV im deutschsprachigen Raum erhoben. Themen waren die Einschätzung des Versorgungsbedarfs und der bestehenden Versorgungssituation von Familien nach Suizid/‑versuch oder versuchter/vollendeter Tötung, die Erfahrungen der Fachkräfte bei Einsätzen mit diesen Indikationen sowie die Ausbildung und (Selbst‑)Einschätzung der Kompetenzen zu diesbezüglich relevanten traumaspezifischen Aspekten.

Ergebnisse
Bedarfe für weiterführende Betreuung werden von Fachkräften der PSNV nach Alter der betroffenen Kinder unterschiedlich und teilweise entgegen der aktuellen Forschungslage eingeschätzt. Es werden deutliche Versorgungslücken für von Suizid/‑versuch oder Tötung/-sversuch der betroffenen Familien beschrieben. Fachkräfte der PSNV wünschen sich selbst mehr Kompetenzen im Bereich der Betreuung von Kindern und Jugendlichen nach Suizid/‑versuch und Tötung/-sversuch. Ebenso wird der Wunsch nach einer niedrigschwellig erreichbaren Rückfallebene geäußert.

Schlussfolgerung
Fachkräfte der PSNV sehen den Bedarf für weiterführende Betreuung bei den Betroffenen, beschreiben jedoch einen Mangel an weiterversorgenden Angeboten. Die Angebote, in die lokal weitervermittelt werden kann, sind in den meisten Fällen weder spezifisch, passgenau noch kurzfristig verfügbar. Es besteht ein Bedarf für eine unmittelbar erreichbare, spezifische Unterstützung sowohl für Fachkräfte als auch für betroffene Familien (z. B. durch eine Notfallrufnummer).
Experimental and simulation study for mechanical properties characterisation of green natural reinforced composites
Authors: Phani Prasanthi P. , Raghavender V. , Venu Madhav V. V. , Sonia Pankaj , Sri Chaitanya Ch. , Bandhu Din , Saxena Ashish , Abdullaev Sherzod Shukhratovich 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on investigating the mechanical properties of a composite comprising jute fibers reinforced with a combination of cellulose and non-cellulose fillers. These fibers are infused with aloe vera gel and reinforced in an epoxy matrix. The process involves applying aloe vera gel to the jute fibers, followed by a 48-h cooling period. These treated jute fibers are then used to reinforce the epoxy matrix. Experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the tensile and flexural strengths of the composite. The epoxy matrix is reinforced with jute fiber composites that have been coated in aloe vera gel and include both cellulose- and non-cellulose-based particles. The cellulose-based fillers selected for this study are groundnut shell powder and teakwood powder, while graphene is chosen as the non-cellulose-based filler. The incorporation of graphene, teakwood powder, and crushed groundnut shell powder into the aloe vera gel-coated jute fibers improved tensile strength by 11.11%, 8.46%, and 53.43%, respectively, compared to a jute composite without particle reinforcement. Additionally, the study explores the behavior of a composite material containing two pre-existing cracks positioned differently, utilizing finite element methods. In all materials examined, transverse fractures consistently resulted in higher von Mises stresses and shear stresses compared to longitudinal cracks.
Determinants of the uptake of the uncinate process of pancreas in 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT: a retrospective study
Authors: Jallet Lucas , Othmani Wadi’ , Perrier Marine , Morland David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
an increased uptake of the uncinate process of pancreas (UPP) has been described in about one-third of somatostatin receptor imaging procedures and may hinder image interpretation. The determinants of this uptake are however poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of cold somatostatin analogues (cSA) on UPP 68Ga-DOTATOC uptake. Age and diabetic status were also studied.

Methods
all adult patients who performed a 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in our center between May 2021 and April 2023 were retrospectively screened. For each one, UPP uptake was visually assessed and measured using SUVmax. Clinical data including cSA medication, age and diabetic status were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using logistic regression. SUVmax comparisons were conducted using a Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon test.

Results
82 patients were included. UPP uptake was significantly lower in patients treated with cSA (OR 0.27, p = 0.015 in multivariate analysis), with a lower SUVmax (4.97 vs. 8.81, p = 0.001). No significant result was found regarding diabetic status or age.

Conclusion
cold somatostatin analog treatment decreased the physiological UPP uptake in 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT. This effect could be used to reduce interpretation errors in this location.
Synaptic Facilitation: A Key Biological Mechanism for Resource Allocation in Computational Models of Working Memory
Authors: Balagué-Marmaña Marta , Dempere-Marco Laura 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWorking memory (WM) is a crucial cognitive function required to maintain and manipulate information that is no longer present through the senses. Two key features of WM are its limited capacity and the emergence of serial order effects. This study investigates how synaptic facilitation and diverse display dynamics influence the encoding and retention of multiple items in WM. A biophysically inspired attractor model of WM, endowed with synaptic facilitation, is considered in this study. The investigation delves into the behaviour of the model under both sequential and simultaneous display protocols. Synaptic facilitation plays a crucial role in establishing the response of the WM system by regulating resource allocation during the encoding stage. It boosts WM capacity and is a key mechanism in the emergence of serial order effects. The synaptic facilitation time constant ($$\tau _F$$

τ
F

) is critical in modulating these effects, and its heterogeneity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may contribute to the combination of primacy and recency effects observed experimentally. Additionally, we demonstrate that the WM capacity exhibited by the network is heavily influenced by factors such as the stimuli nature, and their display duration. Although the network connectivity determines the WM capacity by regulating the excitation-inhibition balance, the display protocol modulates its effective limit. Our findings shed light on how different stimulation protocol dynamics affect WM, underscoring the importance of synaptic facilitation and experimental protocol design in modulating WM capacity.
What Are You Hungry for? The 9 Hunger Mindful Eating Online Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Peitz Diana , Warschburger Petra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Mindful eating (ME) has been receiving increased attention in the treatment of eating and weight disorders. In this context, the ME approach is assumed to help modify maladaptive eating behaviors. This work investigated the effects of a brief ME intervention that focused on the non-judgmental awareness of different motivations to eat in order to study this mechanism.

Method
Using a randomized controlled trial design, participants were allocated to an intervention group (IG; n = 87) or waitlist control group (W-CG; n = 137). For a 2-week training phase, participants of the IG were instructed to take a mindful moment to rate their different motivations to eat once per day. Self-report data on emotional eating, external eating, and loss of control eating (primary outcomes) and intuitive eating, ME, mental well-being, and self-compassion (secondary outcomes) were gathered online pre, post, and 3 months after the training. Latent change score (LCS) models were used to estimate shorter and longer term effects of the intervention.

Results
LCS revealed significant shorter and longer term effects of the training when comparing data of the IG with those of the W-CG regarding all primary (d = 0.38–0.61) and most secondary outcomes (d = 0.29–1.16).

Conclusions
The positive and sustainable effects of practicing this clearly outlined ME skill over a short period support the idea that ME might be a promising approach to enrich the current treatment of eating and weight disorders and aid in expanding our understanding of the underlying mechanisms on its application in the field.

Preregistration
This study was preregistered at the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00012351).
Regulatory “Reliance” in Global Trade Governance
Authors: Lang Andrew 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne of the most significant recent trends in global trade governance has been the increasing use of regulatory “reliance” arrangements as a significant element of trade alliances. Against this backdrop, an important set of questions are raised about how existing institutions of global trade governance – especially the World Trade Organization and international regulatory standards organisations – should respond. To what extent, and how, should such institutions facilitate reliance arrangements? And what role can they usefully play in overseeing and guiding their use? This paper begins to answer these questions through a focused case study of regulatory reliance in the agrifood sector. Four challenges are identified regarding the implementation of such arrangements: the high costs of establishment and maintenance; the lack of agreed and reliable assessment methodologies; the potential for arbitrary discrimination between trade partners; and the difficulties of dealing with regulatory change over time. In light of these challenges, the paper assesses the work of existing international organisations in governing reliance arrangements in the agrifood sector. The paper concludes with a number of preliminary suggestions as to how this architecture of global governance might be supplemented or harnessed to address some of the challenges posed by reliance arrangements.
Investigation of Different ΣO/N2 Variations Observed by GOLD During a Minor Geomagnetic Storm From 2 to 4 August 2021
Authors: Cai Xuguang , Wang Wenbin , Eastes Richard W. , Qian Liying , Correira J. , McClintock William E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDuring a minor geomagnetic storm occurring from Aug 2 (day‐of‐year (DOY) 214) to Aug 4 (DOY 216), 2021, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission observed different column density ratio of O to N2 (ΣO/N2) variations in storm main and recovery phases. The percentage difference of ΣO/N2 between DOY 215 (disturbed day, main phase) and DOY 213 (quiet reference day) exhibits a depletion on the east side of the GOLD field‐of‐view (FOV). However, that of ΣO/N2 between DOY 216 (recovery phase) and 213 shows depletions on the west side of GOLD FOV. The National Center for Atmospheric Research Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model qualitatively reproduced the observations. Analysis of the model output illustrates that the ΣO/N2 patterns in the two days are both formed due to the classical thermospheric composition theory and formed on DOY 214 and 215, respectively. Further investigation found that the ΣO/N2 depletion on DOY 214 and 215 both initially formed near 120–180°E, but the one on DOY 215 then quickly moved westward into the GOLD FOV, from local post‐midnight to pre‐midnight, near 19 UT. Then it moves equatorward and slowly westward. This results in the observed depletion structure on the west side of GOLD FOV. Model simulations show that the quick westward movement near 19 UT is due to the dominant positive Interplanetary Magnetic Field east‐west component (By) conditions.
A continuation-dynamic constitution analysis approach based on digital stable marker tracing and study on simulation of ecological tidal water diversion
Authors: Xing Mengya , Qu Simin , Xu Hui , Shi Peng , Chen Xing , Ji Feifei , Liu Minton 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWater Diversion Projects have become increasingly popular in improving water quality in various water ecosystems. However, these projects also require a more comprehensive evaluation. In this study, we introduced a digital stable marker tracing module and proposed a continuation-dynamic constitution analysis approach. We applied this approach to analyze the ecological tidal water diversion in Changshu town, China. The results showed that the mean diversion water age of the Yangtze River water source was 10.80 h, the residence time of the background water source in Baimaotang was approximately 4.0 h, and the contribution of inflow water sources from tributaries accounted for 15% of discharges. The results can demonstrate practicality of our approach in quantitatively evaluating water diversion impacts and optimizing cooperative diversion projects. Furthermore, our discussion led to the design of an ecological tidal water diversion based on optimized cooperative diversion, which showed element-complementary and whole-comprehensive effects. This indicates that the ecological tidal water diversion can extend the impact of cooperative diversion. The continuation-dynamic constitution analysis approach enhances the tracing capacity of inflow constitution and enables the distinction of different time-varying distributions of each inflow constitution. Therefore, this approach holds promise as an embedded “Digital stable marker tracing” module in the model.
Prevalence and clinical relevance of liver dysfunction after thoracic surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Villani Rosanna , Loizzi Domenico , Sacco Antonia Federica , Mirabella Lucia , Santoliquido Mariateresa , Mongiello Diletta , Sollitto Francesco , Serviddio Gaetano 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPostoperative elevation of serum aminotransferase or alkaline phosphatase levels after liver and heart surgeries has been widely reported. The prevalence and clinical significance of hypertransaminasemia/liver dysfunction after thoracic surgery remains largely unknown. Significant differences in surgical procedures between thoracic and extra-thoracic surgeries may suggest different risks of liver dysfunction. We retrospectively analyzed data from 224 consecutive patients who underwent thoracic surgery. Liver function tests were recorded the day before surgery, 12 h, 1 day, 5, and 10 days after the surgical procedure. Patients were studied to identify the frequency of hypertransaminasemia and/or hyperbilirubinemia and/or increase of INR levels. 37,5% of patients showed an increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level after thoracic surgery, whereas an increase in gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) serum levels of any grade was observed in 53,6% of patients. Approximately 83% of patients who experienced an increase in the serum GGT or ALT levels showed a grade 1 or 2 change. Operative time was associated with hypertransaminasemia in the univariate and multivariate analyses, whereas the use of metformin was associated with a lower risk of ALT increase.
Facts in counterfactuals-cognitive representations of Chinese counterfactuals
Authors: Ren Yufei , Cui Gang , Christie Stella 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHow do people represent counterfactuals? As languages differ in expressibility of counterfactuals—some languages employ explicit grammatical marking for counterfactuals while others do not—are some speakers’ representations of counterfactuals less explicit? Prior studies examining this question with Chinese speakers—a language devoid of explicit counterfactual markings—found mixed results. Here we re-examined the issue by using a more sensitive test: people’s sensitivity to detect anomalies in sentences. We asked Chinese speakers to rate the acceptability of sentences employing “ruguo (if)…jiu (then)” configuration—the typical but non-unique, non-explicit marking of counterfactuals. Critically, we varied the semantic adherence to real-world facts [factuality], with some sentences containing made-up conditions [-fact as in “If fish had legs, then…”] versus real facts [+ fact: “If dogs had legs, then…”]. If speakers represent counterfactuals clearly, they should give higher acceptability ratings to [− facts] than to [+ facts] sentences, because the ostensible point of counterfactuals is to express non-factual situations. That is, expressing a true fact under a syntactic counterfactual construction makes the sentence anomalous. Instead, we found that Chinese speakers gave the opposite ratings: factual “if…then” sentences were rated as more acceptable than non-factual ones. This suggests that Chinese speakers find the processing of counterfactuals to be more challenging than processing facts, and that their representation of counterfactuals may be less explicit. Overall, this research contributes to our understanding of the link between linguistic markings and cognitive representations.