bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature Control of the Self‐Assembly Process of 4‐Aminoquinoline Amphiphile: Selective Construction of Perforated Vesicles and Nanofibers, and Structural Restoration Capability
Authors: Hisamatsu Yosuke , Toriyama Go , Yamamoto Katsuhiro , Takase Hiroshi , Higuchi Tsunehiko , Umezawa Naoki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe construction of diverse and distinctive self‐assembled structures in water, based on the control of the self‐assembly processes of artificial small molecules, has received considerable attention in supramolecular chemistry. Cage‐like perforated vesicles are distinctive and interesting self‐assembled structures. However, the development of self‐assembling molecules that can easily form perforated vesicles remains challenging. This paper reports a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior‐triggered self‐assembly property of a 4‐aminoquinoline (4‐AQ)‐based amphiphile with a tetra(ethylene glycol) chain, in HEPES buffer (pH 7.4). This property allows to form perforated vesicles after heating at 80 °C (> LCST). The self‐assembly process of the 4‐AQ amphiphile can be controlled by heating at 80 °C (> LCST) or 60 °C (< LCST). After cooling to room temperature, the selective construction of the perforated vesicles and nanofibers was achieved from the same 4‐AQ amphiphile. Furthermore, the perforated vesicles exhibited slow morphological transformation into intertwined‐like nanofibers but were easily restored by brief heating above the LCST.
Mesoporous Metal Nanomaterials: Developments and Electrocatalytic Applications
Authors: Zhang Wuyong , Dai Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMesoporous metal nanomaterials (MPMNs) are pivotal in nanotechnology, especially in electrochemical applications, due to their unique structure. Unlike traditional nanomaterials, MPMNs possess hierarchical and mesoporous characteristics, providing more active sites for improved mass and electron transfer. This distinctive composition offers dual benefits, enhancing activity, stability, and selectivity for specific reactions. The intricate architecture, featuring interconnected pores, amplifies surface area, ensuring efficient use of active sites and boosting reactivity in electrocatalytic processes. Additionally, the mesoporous nature promotes superior diffusion kinetics, facilitating better transport of reactants and products. This intricate interplay of structural elements contributes not only to the increased efficiency of electrochemical reactions but also to the extended durability of MPMNs during prolonged usage. This concept focus on the synthesis and design strategies of MPMNs, aligning with the dynamic requirements of diverse electrocatalytic applications. The synergy resulting from these advancements not only accentuates the intrinsic properties of MPMNs but also broadens their scope for practical implementation in emerging fields of electrochemistry.
Comparative Study of Fluid Dynamic Stress on Aspergillus niger and Model Systems
Authors: Waldherr Philipp , Bliatsiou Chrysoula , Böhm Lutz , Kraume Matthias 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe productivity of Aspergillus niger cultivations is strongly linked to the pellet morphology. In this article, the agitation‐ and aeration‐induced stress on bio agglomerates is studied. To facilitate investigations, non‐biological particle systems are extensively used to model the actual biological matter. The literature lacks a direct comparison of model systems with the biological system of interest, leaving uncertainties in the applicability of such systems. This work shows that the results for the impellers' stress intensity of three A. niger strains agree qualitatively with the ones of four developed model systems of different nature (s/l, l/l). The findings justify the usage of model systems, despite certain limitations originating from their specific characteristic properties.
Phase 1 Healthy Volunteer Study of AL01211, an Oral, Non‐brain Penetrant Glucosylceramide Synthase Inhibitor, to Treat Fabry Disease and Type 1 Gaucher Disease
Authors: Babcock Michael , Zheng Jianhong , Gail Shurr Jessica , Li Li , Wang Bing , Huertas Pedro , Ryan Philip John , Shen Yuqiao , Garovoy Marvin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlycosphingolipid (GSL) storage diseases are caused by deficiencies in the enzymes that metabolize different GSLs in the lysosome. Glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) inhibitors reduce GSL production and have potential to treat multiple GSL storage diseases. AL01211 is a potent, oral GCS inhibitor being developed for the treatment of Type 1 Gaucher disease and Fabry disease. AL01211 has minimal central nervous system penetration, allowing for treatment of peripheral organs without risking CNS‐associated adverse effects. AL01211 was evaluated in a Phase 1 healthy volunteer study with single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) arms, to determine safety, pharmacokinetics including food effect, and pharmacodynamic effects on associated GSLs. In the SAD arm, AL01211 showed a Tmax of approximately 3.5 hours, mean clearance (CL/F) of 130.1 L/h, and t1/2 of 39.3 hours. Consuming a high‐fat meal prior to dose administration reduced exposures 3.5‐5.5‐fold, indicating a food effect. In the MAD arm, AL01211 had an approximately 2‐fold accumulation, reaching steady‐state levels by 10 days. Increasing exposure inversely correlated with a decrease in GSL with plasma glucosylceramide and globotriacylceramide reduction from baseline levels, reaching 78% and 52% by day 14, respectively. AL01211 was generally well‐tolerated with no AL01211 associated serious adverse events, thus supporting its further clinical development.
Catalysis of Indium Ion Electroreduction in the Presence of Acetazolamide in Chlorates(VII) Solutions with Varied Water Activity
Authors: Nosal‐Wiercińska Agnieszka , Martyna Marlena , Szabelska Anna , Gołębiowska Beata 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe influence of acetazolamide (ACT) on the kinetics and the mechanism of electroreduction of In(III) ions as a function of changes of the water activity was investigated using electrochemical methods (DC, SWV, CV and EIS, CV). The multi‐step mechanism of the electroreduction process should take into account the dehydration step of indium ions and the presence of In‐ACT (,,cap‐pair” effect) active complexes, mediating electron transfer, located in the adsorption layer. Differences in the electrode mechanism in the presence of ACT were observed for higher chlorates(VII) concentrations (above 4 mol ⋅ dm−3 chlorates(VII)) reflected by a lack of step wise nature of the electrode process. The highest catalytic activity was observed in 4 mol ⋅ dm−3 chlorates(VII).
Cellulose Nanostructures as Tunable Substrates for Nanocellulose‐Metal Hybrid Flexible Composites
Authors: Jiao Keran , Cao Wenxin , Yuan Wenwen , Yuan Hang , Zhu Jia , Gao Xiaowu , Duan Sixuan , Yong Ruiqi , Zhao Ziwei , Song Pengfei , Jiang Zhong‐Jie , Wang Yongjie , Zhu Jiaqi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNanocomposite represents the backbone of many industrial fabrication applications and exerts a substantial social impact. Among these composites, metal nanostructures are often employed as the active constituents, thanks to their various chemical and physical properties, which offer the ability to tune the application scenarios in thermal management, energy storage, and biostable materials, respectively. Nanocellulose, as an emerging polymer substrate, possesses unique properties of abundance, mechanical flexibility, environmental friendliness, and biocompatibility. Based on the combination of flexible nanocellulose with specific metal fillers, the essential parameters involving mechanical strength, flexibility, anisotropic thermal resistance, and conductivity can be enhanced. Nowadays, the approach has found extensive applications in thermal management, energy storage, biostable electronic materials, and piezoelectric devices. Therefore, it is essential to thoroughly correlate cellulose nanocomposites’ properties with different metallic fillers. This review summarizes the extraction of nanocellulose and preparation of metal modified cellulose nanocomposites, including their wide and particular applications in modern advanced devices. Moreover, we also discuss the challenges in the synthesis, the emerging designs, and unique structures, promising directions for future research. We wish this review can give a valuable overview of the unique combination and inspire the research directions of the multifunctional nanocomposites using proper cellulose and metallic fillers.
A Murine Model for Measuring Sebum Production That Can Be Used to Test Therapeutic Agents for the Management of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Boris Kathryn , Faizan Muhammad , Bendesky Robert J. , Davis Erin , Reaume Andrew G. , Cong Wei‐na 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAcne vulgaris (acne) effects nearly 90% of all Western teenagers, and the only pharmaceutical class of agents to treat severe forms of this skin condition are the retinoids, which are well‐described teratogens. Yet about 50% of the patients receiving this class of therapeutics are women of child‐bearing age, in their peak years of reproductive potential. On this basis, there is a significant unmet medical need for agents to treat severe forms of acne that do not carry this liability. As a means to assess potential agents of this type, here we describe methods for estimating the relative amount of sebum that a mouse produces based on the water retention on fur following a thorough wetting procedure. We have shown that a compound that is clinically effective in reducing sebum production demonstrates activity in this model. The method is therefore useful for evaluating therapeutic candidates for reducing sebum production, which would in turn be useful for treating acne. We have broken the entire procedure down into two phases/two protocols, as listed below. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Pre‐wash wet weight measurementBasic Protocol 2: Post‐wash wet‐weight measurement
Tolerating CD47
Authors: Isenberg Jeffrey S. , Montero Enrique 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) occupies the outer membrane of human cells, where it binds to soluble and cell surface receptors on the same and other cells, sculpting their topography and resulting in a pleiotropic receptor‐multiligand interaction network. It is a focus of drug development to temper and accentuate CD47‐driven immune cell liaisons, although consideration of on‐target CD47 effects remain neglected. And yet, a late clinical trial of a CD47‐blocking antibody was discontinued, existent trials were restrained, and development of CD47‐targeting agents halted by some pharmaceutical companies. At this point, if CD47 can be exploited for clinical advantage remains to be determined. Herein an airing is made of the seemingly conflicting actions of CD47 that reflect its position as a junction connecting receptors and signalling pathways that impact numerous human cell types. Prospects of CD47 boosting and blocking are considered along with potential therapeutic implications for autoimmune diseases and cancer.
Fostering teacher agency in school‐based climate change education in England, UK
Authors: Rushton Elizabeth A. C. , Dunlop Lynda , Atkinson Lucy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDrawing on conceptualisations of teacher agency through the ecological approach, and in the context of recent policy activity, we explored primary and secondary school teachers' experiences of agency in relation to climate change education in England. Data collection occurred over two distinct but related phases. Firstly, we completed a series of interviews with the same three secondary geography teachers at the outset of their careers (15 interviews during 2020–2022) which included 1 year of Initial Teacher Education and 2 years as Early Career Teachers (ECTs). Secondly, we captured the experiences of further 24 in‐service science and geography teachers (with expertise beyond the ECT period) through two online workshops held in November 2022, the first for primary teachers (n = 10) and the second for secondary teachers (n = 10). Interviews were held with four teachers (two primary and two secondary) who could not attend the workshops (n = 4). Our findings underline the importance of structures (e.g. school leadership) and culture (e.g. ideas and values) in fostering teacher agency. Teachers across primary and secondary phases and at different career stages highlighted the value of curricular and extra‐curricular spaces for climate change education. If all children and young people are to access effective climate change education, researchers and policy makers will need to further consider ways to ensure teachers can achieve agency, including through access to transformative professional learning which fosters agency in relation to climate change education.
Personalized modeling of Alzheimer's disease progression estimates neurodegeneration severity from EEG recordings
Authors: Amato Lorenzo Gaetano , Vergani Alberto Arturo , Lassi Michael , Fabbiani Carlo , Mazzeo Salvatore , Burali Rachele , Nacmias Benedetta , Sorbi Sandro , Mannella Riccardo , Grippo Antonello , Bessi Valentina , Mazzoni Alberto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONEarly identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is necessary for a timely onset of therapeutic care. However, cortical structural alterations associated with AD are difficult to discern.METHODSWe developed a cortical model of AD‐related neurodegeneration accounting for slowing of local dynamics and global connectivity degradation. In a monocentric study we collected electroencephalography (EEG) recordings at rest from participants in healthy (HC, n = 17), subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 58), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 44) conditions. For each patient, we estimated neurodegeneration model parameters based on individual EEG recordings.RESULTSOur model outperformed standard EEG analysis not only in discriminating between HC and MCI conditions (F1 score 0.95 vs 0.75) but also in identifying SCD patients with biological hallmarks of AD in the cerebrospinal fluid (recall 0.87 vs 0.50).DISCUSSIONPersonalized models could (1) support classification of MCI, (2) assess the presence of AD pathology, and (3) estimate the risk of cognitive decline progression, based only on economical and non‐invasive EEG recordings.Highlights
Personalized cortical model estimating structural alterations from EEG recordings.
Discrimination of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Healthy (HC) subjects (95%)
Prediction of biological markers of Alzheimer's in Subjective Decline (SCD) Subjects (87%)
Transition correctly predicted for 3/3 subjects that converted from SCD to MCI after 1y
Effects of landscape metrics on scorpion (Arachnida: Scorpiones) assemblage in a tropical urban ecosystem
Authors: Feitosa Matheus Leonydas Borba , Barbosa‐da‐Silva Hugo Rodrigo , Salomão Renato Portela , Desouza Adriano Medeiros , de Moura Geraldo Jorge Barbosa , Lira André Felipe de Araujo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUrban landscapes restrain the distribution of forest‐dwelling species, which may be related to challenging conditions that impair body condition. The dynamics in urban areas lead to the simplification of communities that inhabit forest patches in cities with the turnover of sensitive species for opportunistic ones. In this study, we investigated the effect of urbanization on the body condition and diversity of scorpions at the landscape scale. Sampling was carried out in 10 forest patches in an urban matrix in Brazil, originally covered by a tropical rainforest. The surroundings of the landscape of each forest patch were characterized through the amount of forest, agriculture, and urban land cover. Individual body length, dry, lipid, and muscular masses were used as proxies of Tityus pusillus body condition. In total, 147 scorpions were collected, belonging to the species Ananteris mauryi, T. pusillus, T. stigmurus, and T. neglectus. Forest cover explained 28% of species variation. There was a positive relationship between forest cover and T. pusillus and A. mauryi abundances, while T. stigmurus was negatively affected by forest cover. Species richness and total scorpion abundance were not influenced by landscape metrics. In terms of body condition, only females of T. pusillus were affected by landscape variables, with individuals showing higher body mass with an increase in forest cover. Our results suggest that urban forests can support scorpion assemblages. However, there is a turnover in specialist forest species for opportunistic species. Forest cover is a crucial factor in maintaining healthy scorpion populations in urban areas.
Geographic distribution of feather δ34S in Europe
Authors: Brlík Vojtěch , Procházka Petr , Bontempo Luana , Camin Federica , Jiguet Frédéric , Osváth Gergely , Stricker Craig A. , Wunder Michael B. , Powell Rebecca L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGeographic distribution models of environmentally stable isotopes (the so‐called “isoscapes”) are widely employed in animal ecology, and wildlife forensics and conservation. However, the application of isoscapes is limited to elements and regions for which the spatial patterns have been estimated. Here, we focused on the ubiquitous yet less commonly used stable sulfur isotopes (δ34S). To predict the European δ34S isoscape, we used 242 feather samples from Eurasian Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) formed at 69 European wetland sites. We quantified the relationships between sample δ34S and environmental covariates using a random forest regression model and applied the model to predict the geographic distribution of δ34S. We also quantified within‐site variation in δ34S and complementarity with other isotopes on both individual and isoscape levels. The predicted feather δ34S isoscape shows only slight differences between the central and southern parts of Europe while the coastal regions were most enriched in 34S. The most important covariates of δ34S were distance to coastline, surface elevation, and atmospheric concentrations of SO2 gases. The absence of a systematic spatial pattern impedes the application of the δ34S isoscape, but high complementarity with other isoscapes advocates the combination of multiple isoscapes to increase the precision of animal tracing. Feather δ34S compositions showed considerable within‐site variation with highest values in inland parts of Europe, likely attributed to wetland anaerobic conditions and redox sensitivity of sulfur. The complex European geography and topography as well as using δ34S samples from wetlands may contribute to the absence of a systematic spatial gradient of δ34S values in Europe. We thus encourage future studies to focus on the geographic distribution of δ34S using tissues from diverse taxa collected in various habitats over large land masses in the world (i.e., Africa, South America, or East Asia).
Structural diversity is better associated with forest productivity than species or functional diversity
Authors: Zhai Lu , Will Rodney E. , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between biodiversity and productivity can be advanced by improving metrics used to quantify biodiversity. Structural diversity, that is, variation of size and form of plant organs, is an emerging biodiversity metric. However, compared with the other biodiversity metrics, its relative importance in specific components of forest productivity, for example, recruitment of new individuals, biomass net change after accounting for mortality, is largely unknown, particularly across a large spatial scale with multiple influential gradients. To address the knowledge gap, we used USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data across the southcentral USA from 2008 to 2017. We calculated forest biomass increments due to recruitment and growth and net change in biomass. Then, we quantified the effects of a range of abiotic and biotic variables on the biomass increments and net change. Our results showed that (1) Structural diversity was negatively associated with the two biomass increments and net change in biomass. The negative effects were supported by increased occurrences of insects and diseases with greater structural diversity. (2) Compared with species and functional diversity, structural diversity showed a better association with biomass increments and net change, suggested by its larger absolute values of standardized coefficients, and the effects of structural diversity were negative in contrast to species diversity. (3) The effects of structural diversity, stand age, and elevation differed between natural and planted forests that may stem from the differences in stand development and species composition between the two forest types. Together, structural diversity may represent an important dimension of biodiversity impacts on plant productivity, which could be related to the exacerbated disturbances with greater structural diversity.
Synthesis of 5,9‐Diaza Analogues of [5]‐ and [6]Helicene and their Chiroptic and Photophysical Characterization
Authors: Herzog Stefan , Rizzo Gianluca Giuseppe , Podlech Joachim 
Published: February 2024

Abstract6,10‐Dipropyl‐5,9‐diaza[5]‐ and ‐[6]helicene were synthesized by ortho,ortho’ fusion of ortho‐teraryldicarboxamides. Key steps in the synthesis of the teraryls are azide formation with subsequent reduction and amidation followed by Suzuki cross couplings. The ortho fusions were achieved with phosphorus pentoxide and phosphoryl oxide. The total syntheses could be accomplished with 10 % and 3 %, respectively, in seven consecutive steps starting with meta‐dibromobenzene. The helicenes were investigated by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy and by quantum chemical calculation of, inter alia, the HOMO‐LUMO gaps. Racemization barriers of the helicenes were calculated, whereupon the optical resolution of 5,9‐diaza[6]helicene was attempted and carried out successfully; ECD spectra were measured of its enantiomers.
Lanthanum–Catalyzed One–Pot Synthesis of Chromeno–Fused Pyridine/Quinolinone Derivatives
Authors: Siva Hariprasad Kurma , China Raju Bhimapaka 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA novel one‐pot approach has been developed for the preparation of 5‐oxo‐5H‐chromeno[4,3‐b] pyridine‐3‐carboxylates and 6H‐chromeno[4,3‐b] quinolin‐6‐ones by reacting 2‐((benzylimino/phenylimino)‐methyl) phenols with ethyl/methyl propiolate in presence of La(OTf)3 under thermal conditions. The reactions proceeded through the formation C−O, C−N and C−C bonds to form the title compounds. The bio–active compound 6H‐chromeno[4,3‐b] quinolin‐6‐one has been prepared by this protocol.
Next‐generation sequencing reveals remarkable genetic stability in primary and corresponding recurrent intestinal‐type sinonasal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Riobello Cristina , Sánchez‐Fernández Paula , Córdoba María Camila Cubides , González‐Gutiérrez Maripaz , Vivanco Blanca , Cabal Virginia N. , Fernández Laura Suárez , García‐Marín Rocío , Codina‐Martínez Helena , Lorenzo‐Guerra Sara Lucila , López Fernando , Hermsen Mario A. , Llorente José Luis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent intestinal‐type sinonasal adenocarcinoma (ITAC) can occur several years after primary treatment and with different histology. We aimed to clarify if such recurrences could be second primary tumors and to identify actionable mutations as targets for personalized treatment of recurrent ITAC.MethodsTwelve pairs of primary and recurrent ITAC were histologically examined and analyzed by next‐generation sequencing.ResultsHistological differences between primary and recurrent tumor pairs were observed in five cases. Frequent mutations included TP53, APC, TSC2, ATM, EPHA2, BRCA2, LRP1B, KRAS, and KMT2B. There was 86% concordance of somatic mutations between the tumor pairs, while four cases carried additional mutations in the recurrence.ConclusionsWe found all cases to be clonal recurrences and not second primary tumors. Moreover, tumor pairs showed a remarkable genomic stability, suggesting that personalized treatment of a recurrence may be based on actionable molecular genetic targets observed in the primary tumor.