bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Singularity to deploy HPC applications: a study case with WRF
Authors: Tondreau Pierre-Simon Callist Yannick , Perez Juan C. , Díaz Juan P. , Blanco Pérez Vicente , Felipe Jonatan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study evaluates the performance and portability of the Weather Research and Forecasting model in high-performance computing environments, comparing traditional baremetal deployments with containerized executions using Singularity. Experiments were conducted on the TeideHPC system, focusing on execution time, the impact of different compilers (Intel vs. GCC), and parallelization strategies (MPI and OpenMP). The results indicate that while Singularity introduces a performance overhead of 11 to 15%, it offers significant advantages in portability and reproducibility. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of compiler choice and the influence of container image size on startup times, emphasizing the need for careful optimization in containerized HPC workflows.
Inqasm: InQuIR compiler to NetQASM
Authors: Vázquez-Pérez Jorge , Cardama F. Javier , Piñeiro César , Pichel Juan C. , Pena Tomás F. , Gómez Andrés 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field, with almost every aspect open to change or improvement. This includes moving from using a single quantum processing unit to interconnecting multiple quantum processing units (or several of them), establishing a new paradigm called distributed quantum computing and increasing the overall computing capability. Some research is already underway in this area to prepare the ground for an eventual architecture with these characteristics. This is the case of InQuIR (Nishio and Wakizaka in arXiv:2302.00267 2023) and NetQASM (Dahlberg et al in QST 7:035023 2022), two languages developed for distributed quantum computing. This paper presents the development of the InQASM compiler with the aim of translating code from the InQuIR language to NetQASM, establishing a compilation stack for the new distributed paradigm. An example of this compilation and a simulation of the compiled code are shown to showcase it.
E2CNN: entity-type-enriched cascaded neural network for Chinese financial relation extraction
Authors: Li Mengfan , Shi Xuanhua , Qiao Chenqi , Huang Xiao , Wang Weihao , Wan Yao , Zhang Teng , Jin Hai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are pivotal for effectively organizing and managing structured information across various applications. Financial KGs have been successfully employed in advancing applications such as audit, anti-fraud, and anti-money laundering. Despite their success, the construction of Chinese financial KGs has seen limited research due to the complex semantics. A significant challenge is the overlap triples problem, where entities feature in multiple relations within a sentence, hampering extraction accuracy–more than 39% of the triples in Chinese datasets exhibit the overlap triples. To address this, we propose the Entity-type-Enriched Cascaded Neural Network (E2CNN), leveraging special tokens for entity boundaries and types. E2CNN ensures consistency in entity types and excludes specific relations, mitigating overlap triple problems and enhancing relation extraction. Besides, we introduce the available Chinese financial dataset FinCorpus.CN, annotated from annual reports of 2,000 companies, containing 48,389 entities and 23,368 triples. Experimental results on the DUIE dataset and FinCorpus.CN underscore E2CNN’s superiority over state-of-the-art models.
Genomic profiling at a single center cracks the code in inborn errors of immunity
Authors: Andriano Alessandro , Desantis Vanessa , Marasco Carolina , Marzollo Antonio , Bresolin Silvia , Resta Nicoletta , Di Marzo Lucia , Pappagallo Fabrizio , Mascolo Antonella , Caradonna Ingrid Catalina , D’Amore Simona , Vacca Angelo , Solimando Antonio Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) entail a diverse group of disorders resulting from hereditary or de novo mutations in single genes, leading to immune dysregulation. This study explores the clinical utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques in diagnosing monogenic immune defects. Eight patients attending the immunodeficiency clinic and with unclassified antibody deficiency were included in the analysis. Clinical records, immune characteristics, and family histories were reviewed, and a target gene panel (TGP) sequencing was performed to identify pathogenic variants. TGPs identified seven variants in TNFRSF13B (TACI), CARMIL2, STAT1, STAT3, and ORAI1 genes. These findings provided definitive diagnoses and proper prognostic assessment. Patients exhibited a wide range of clinical manifestations, including recurrent infections, autoimmune cytopenias, and organ-specific complications. The genetic diversity observed highlights the importance of genetic testing in diagnosing IEIs and tailoring treatments. This study underscores the role of TGPs in diagnosing IEIs, revealing significant genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic variability. They offer a precise tool for identifying underlying genetic defects, facilitating personalized medicine approaches, and eventually improving patient outcomes. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive genetic testing to uncover novel pathogenic variants, enhancing our understanding of immune system dysfunction. NGS is a critical tool for the management of IEI, enabling precise diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies. Despite resource limitations, the progressive affordability is likely to expand its clinical utility, ultimately improving patient care and advancing the field of immunology. In the meantime, accurate phenotypic assessment is essential for resource optimization and case prioritization.
Archaeological Ethnography of Indigenous Heritage Rights: Emergent Realities around the Petroglyph of the ‘Chiqui’ in Amaicha del Valle (NW Argentina)
Authors: Orlandi Francesco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article aims to contribute to an ethical and post-disciplinary reflection in indigenous and postcolonial archaeologies. Adopting the relational perspective of political ontology unravels the complexities behind the seemingly superficial conflicts over the interpretation of a piece of rock art and the failed implementation of the solar energy project in the Indigenous Community Amaicha del Valle. The juxtaposition of state-authorised and place-based narratives and political actions brings to the fore conflicting perspectives of heritage, rights and indigeneity. Through ethnohistorical and early archaeological accounts from the Calchaquí Valleys, the research reveals the epistemic disavowal of Indigenous histories and lifeworlds as the Argentine state established its national sovereignty and development models between the late nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries. The case study also draws on archaeological ethnography to highlight generative spaces of knowledge and articulation across divergence and materiality, and that conflicting heritage ontologies can generate new cultural-political forms that diverge from the established consensus.
Re-scaling images using a SVD-based approach
Authors: Motylinski M. , Plater A. J. , Higham J. E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There are many instances in computer science where computational operations must be performed on matrices of different sizes. In the field of machine learning, particularly when interpreting images, it is often necessary to resize and re-scale images to achieve higher resolutions. While there are various methods for this, they typically involve fitting a simple linear or cubic model to scale the image. The singular value decomposition (SVD) is a powerful tool for dimension reduction and projection. Our proposed state-of-the-art method leverages the capabilities of SVD to create a technique for re-scaling images. This method is primarily based on modifications of the eigenvectors derived from SVD. Previous work has shown that by editing only these Eigenvectors, it is possible to minimize error propagation through the images. When applied to several well-known image processing tasks, it is possible to scale an image with reduced error compared to the current state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, we show that our method can improve the results of machine learning approaches.
In Situ Neutron Diffraction Study of Strain Evolution and Load Partitioning During Elevated Temperature Tensile Test in HIP-Treated Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Pandian K. , Neikter M. , Ekh M. , Harjo S. , Kawasaki T. , Woracek R. , Hansson T. , Pederson R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To manufacture almost fully dense components, electron beam powder bed fusion of Ti-6Al-4V is typically combined with post-heat treatment, such as hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The standard HIP treatment performed at 920°C and 100 MPa for 2 h results in coarsening of the microstructure and impacting the yield strength. A low-temperature HIP treatment performed at 800°C and 200 MPa for 2 h resulted in limited coarsening and comparable yield strength to as-built material. A coarser microstructure is detrimental to tensile properties. Tensile testing at different temperatures revealed that thermal activation of different slip systems could possibly affect the elongation behavior, demanding additional investigation. Performing in situ neutron time of flight diffraction during tensile testing provides data to analyze strain evolution and load partitioning in the crystal lattice, which includes the slip planes. A two-phase elastic–plastic self-consistent model has been used to analyze and compare the experimental results. The lattice strain evolution results indicated that the basal slip {0 0 0 2} was activated at 20°C while the pyramidal slip {1 0

$$\overline{1 }$$

1
¯

1} was first activated during loading at 350°C. Load partitioning results showed that the β phase endures higher stresses than the α phase in the plastic regime.
Associations Between Lead and Cadmium Exposure and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Adults
Authors: Liu Lin , Xu Aimin , Cheung Bernard M. Y. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The impact of lead and cadmium exposure on subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD), indicated by elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTnT) and N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) remains uncertain. We analyzed data from participants aged 20 and older, without overt CVD, in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 1999–2004). Elevated lead and cadmium levels were defined as 3.5 μg/dL and 1.0 μg/L (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) and 3.8 μg/dL and 0.9 μg/L (atomic absorption spectrometry), respectively. Elevated hs-cTnT was ≥ 19 ng/L, and elevated NT-proBNP was ≥ 125 pg/mL. Multivariate logistic regression estimated the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for elevated biomarkers. Among 10,197 participants (mean age 48.8 years; 50.3% female), 5.3% had elevated hs-cTnT and 19.4% had elevated NT-proBNP. Elevated blood lead was associated with increased ORs for elevated hs-cTnT (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.15–1.84) and NT-proBNP (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.40–1.97). The corresponding ORs (95% CI) for elevated blood cadmium were 1.33 (1.02, 1.74) and 1.39 (1.18, 1.65). The effect of elevated blood lead on NT-proBNP was particularly pronounced among non-Hispanic Blacks (OR [95% CI], 3.26 [2.24, 4.74]) compared to Mexican Americans (1.46 [0.99, 2.17]) and non-Hispanic Whites (1.31 [1.02, 1.68]) and was stronger in individuals with impaired kidney function (OR [95% CI], 2.31 [1.43, 3.75]) compared to those with normal kidney function (1.44 [1.18, 1.75]). This study first reveals the association between lead and cadmium exposure and subclinical CVD, underscoring the need for targeted preventive measures to reduce cardiovascular risk and improve health outcomes.
AAV Capsid Modification and Its Influence on Viral Protein Stoichiometry and Packaging Fitness: Current Understandings and Future Direction
Authors: Dogbey Dennis Makafui , Barth Stefan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The field of gene therapy has witnessed significant advancements in the utilization of Adeno-associated virus (AAV) owing to its inherent biological advantages. Targeted AAV vectors are generated through genetic or chemical modification of the capsid for user-directed purposes. However, this process can result in imbalances in viral protein sequence homogeneity, stoichiometry, and functional transduction vector units, thereby introducing new challenges. This mini review focuses on the ongoing efforts to develop targeted vectors, which inadvertently present unsolicited obstacles for clinical application and provided perspectives on future directions.
Porn Use and Sexting in Health Science Students: A Transversal Descriptive Study
Authors: Martínez-Fernández María Cristina , García-Fernández Rubén , Granado-Soto Mirena , Martín-Vázquez Cristian , Bermejo-Martínez David , Liébana-Presa Cristina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pornography consumption among young people through smart devices, along with the practice of sexting, is on the rise. However, it is not known exactly how these variables relate to the sexual education received by this population. This study analyses pornography consumption patterns and the relationship between pornography, sexting, and affective-sexual education in Health Sciences university students. A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and analytical study was carried out with data collected from 311 students from the Faculty of Health Sciences of a regional campus of a Spanish public university. The following questionnaires were collected through an online platform: Survey on pornography consumption among university students and Sexting Behaviour Scale. The average age of the first contact with pornography is 14.5 years old. Men are greater pornography consumers than women, and this consumption occurs online with the purpose of stimulating masturbation. Sexting is a practice carried out by the majority of those surveyed, with women receiving most of this type of messages and men being the main senders. Although more than half of the sample had received affective-sexual education, it was found to be deficient, as it did not meet the desired expectations. There is a noticeable relationship between the male gender and pornography consumption, with men being the largest consumers. People who consume pornography more frequently also show greater use of sexting. In view of these data, it is very relevant to implement and evaluate comprehensive sexuality education programs adapted to the needs of the population.
Developing a novel model for predicting overall survival in late-onset colon adenocarcinoma patients based on LODDS: a study based on the SEER database and external validation
Authors: Chen Chen , Xia Heng-Bo , Yuan Wei-Wei , Zhou Meng-Ci , Zhang Xue , Xu A.-Man 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aim
To construct a predictive model based on the LODDS stage established for patients with late-onset colon adenocarcinoma to enhance survival stratification.

Methods
Late-onset colon adenocarcinoma data were obtained from the public database. After determining the optimal LODDS truncation value for the training set via X-tile software, we created a new staging system by integrating the T stage and M stage. Nomograms of the prognostic model were created after Cox analyses identified independent risk factors for overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS) and were validated internally and externally. The efficacy of the nomograms was assessed by calibration, time-dependent area under the curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA). Finally, the prognoses of the patients were compared by plotting survival curves on the basis of risk scores.

Results
A total of 103,291 and 100 patients with late-onset colon adenocarcinoma (50–80 years old) were screened from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, respectively. Cox regression analysis revealed independent risk factors for OS and CSS, including age, gender, race, size, LODDS stage, PLN stage, LNR stage, and TNM stage. A comparison of the four models constructed on the basis of different stages revealed that the model constructed with the LODDS stage had the minimum AIC (Akaike information criterion), maximum C-index (concordance index) and time-dependent AUC. Nomograms based on the LODDS stage were constructed and successfully validated for accuracy and clinical utility.

Conclusion
For patients with late-onset colon adenocarcinoma, LODDS may achieve optimal predictive performance. Furthermore, compared to the 8th edition of the AJCC classification system, the nomogram based on LODDS stage may demonstrate superior survival prediction capabilities.
In this current wildfire crisis, acknowledge widespread suffering
Authors: Newman Thacker Fiona E. , Uyttewaal Kathleen , Quiñones Tomás , Leemans Rik , Hannah Bethany , Stoof Cathelijne R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With climate change causing more extreme weather events globally, climate scientists have argued that societies have three options: mitigation, adaptation or suffering. In recent years, devastating wildfires have caused significant suffering, yet the extent of this suffering has not been defined. To encapsulate this suffering, we determined impacts and effects of extreme wildfires through two systematic literature reviews. Six common themes of wildfire suffering emerged: environmental, social, physical, mental, cultural and resource suffering. These themes varied in scale: from local to regional; from individuals to communities; and from ecosystems to landscapes. We then applied these themes in the Las Maquinas (Chile) and Fort McMurray (Canada) wildfires. This highlighted several adaptation strategies that can reduce suffering, however our exploration indicates these strategies must address social and ecological factors. This analysis concludes that suffering from wildfires is diverse and widespread, and that significant engagement with adaptation strategies is needed if this is going to decrease.
Exploring Marine Cloud Brightening with a Reduced Complexity Model
Authors: Khan Muhammad Mueed , Runyan Christopher , Bashir Shahzad , Amjad Abdul Basit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Throughout the industrial period, anthropogenic aerosols have likely offset approximately one-third of the warming caused by greenhouse gases. Marine cloud brightening aims to capitalize on one aspect of this phenomenon to potentially mitigate global warming by enhancing cloud reflectivity through adjustments in cloud droplet concentration. This study employs a simplified yet comprehensive modeling framework, integrating an open-source parcel model for aerosol activation, a radiation transport model based on commercial computational fluid dynamics code, and assimilated meteorological data. The reduced complexity model addresses the challenges of rapid radiation transfer calculations while managing uncertainties in aerosol–cloud-radiation (ACR) parameterizations. Despite using an uncoupled ACR mechanism and omitting feedback between clouds and aerosols, our results closely align with observations, validating the robustness of our assumptions and methodology. This demonstrates that even simplified models, supported by parcel modeling and observational constraints, can achieve accurate radiation transfer calculations comparable to advanced climate models. We analyze how variations in droplets size and concentration affect cloud albedo for geoengineering applications. Optimal droplet sizes, typically within the 20–35-µm range, significantly increase cloud albedo by approximately 28%–57% across our test cases. We find that droplets transmit about 29% more solar radiation than droplets. Effective albedo changes require injection concentrations exceeding background levels by around 30%, diminishing as concentrations approach ambient levels. Considerations must also be given to the spray pattern of droplet injections, as effective deployment can influence cloud thickness and subsequently impact cloud albedo. This research provides insights into the feasibility and effectiveness of using a reduced complexity model for marine cloud brightening with frontal cyclone and stratus cumulus clouds, and emphasizes the need to also consider background droplets size and concentration than just meteorological conditions.
Integration of on-board monitoring data into infrastructure management for effective decision-making in railway maintenance
Authors: Yan Tzu-Hao , Hoelzl Cyprien , Corman Francesco , Dertimanis Vasilis , Chatzi Eleni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Railway infrastructure is a crucial asset for the mobility of people and goods. The increased traffic frequency imposes higher loads and speeds, leading to accelerated infrastructure degradation. Asset managers require timely information regarding the current (diagnosis) and future (prognosis) condition of their assets to make informed decisions on maintenance and renewal actions. In recent years, in-service vehicles equipped with on-board monitoring (OBM) measuring devices, such as accelerometers, have been introduced on railroad networks, traversing the network almost daily. This article explores the application of state-of-the-art OBM-based track quality indicators for railway infrastructure condition assessment and prediction, primarily under the prism of track geometry quality. The results highlight the similarities and advantages of applying track quality indicators generated from OBM measurements (high frequency and relatively lower accuracy data) compared to those generated from higher precision, yet temporally sparser, data collected by traditional track recording vehicles (TRVs) for infrastructure management purposes. The findings demonstrate the performance of the two approaches, further revealing the value of OBM information for monitoring the track status degradation process. This work makes a case for the advantageous use of OBM data for railway infrastructure management, and attempts to aid understanding in the application of OBM techniques for engineers and operators.
Supporting Literacy Assessment in West Africa: Using State-of-the-Art Speech Models to Assess Oral Reading Fluency
Authors: Henkel Owen , Horne-Robinson Hannah , Hills Libby , Roberts Bill , McGrane Josh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper reports on a set of three recent experiments utilizing large-scale speech models to assess the oral reading fluency (ORF) of students in Ghana. While ORF is a well-established measure of foundational literacy, assessing it typically requires one-on-one sessions between a student and a trained rater, a process that is time-consuming and costly. Automating the assessment of ORF could support better literacy instruction, particularly in education contexts where formative assessment is uncommon due to large class sizes and limited resources. This research is among the first to examine the use of the most recent versions of large-scale speech models for ORF assessment in the Global South.We find that the best performing model, Whisper V2, with no additional fine-tuning, produces transcriptions of Ghanaian students reading aloud with a Word Error Rate of 10.3. When these transcriptions are used to produce fully automated ORF scores, they closely align with scores generated by expert human raters, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. These results were achieved on a representative dataset (i.e., students with regional accents, recordings taken in actual classrooms), using a free and publicly available speech with no additional fine-tuning. This model’s strong performance on real-world classroom data, combined with its accessibility and simplified implementation, suggests potential for scaling ORF assessment in lower-resource, linguistically diverse educational contexts.