bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the delivery mode on the short-term outcomes of extremely preterm infants
Authors: Huang Qianmeng , Wu Jie , Wang Rongyue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective: To study the influence of the delivery mode on the short-term outcomes of extremely preterm infants, and to provide a basis for delivery mode selection. Methods: A total of 166 extremely preterm infants who were born from 2018 to 2022 were enrolled. According to the delivery mode, they were divided into two groups: natural birth group ( N = 103 ) and caesarean birth group ( N = 63 ) . A statistical analysis was performed for maternal data and short-term outcomes.
Results: Compared with the caesarean birth group, the natural birth group had significantly higher incidence rates of early-onset sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) ( P＜0.05 ) . The logistic regression analysis showed that natural birth was an independent risk factor for early-onset sepsis and NEC ( OR = 2.032 and 2.731 respectively，P＜0.05 ) , and the gestational diabetes was an independent risk factor for NEC.
Conclusions: Caesarean birth decreased the incidence of early-onset sepsis and NEC in extremely premature infants and did not decrease the incidence rates of other adverse outcomes.
Intraosseous lipoma of the calcaneus：A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: wang yu , Wang Zihao , Yang Xin , Yang Yihao , Guo Yinghan , Ou Jie , Mo Xingkui , Yuan Tao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Intraosseous lipoma is a rare, benign primary tumor occurring in the bone. It typically occurs in long bones, such as the femur, tibia, and fiblua. While irregular bone and flat bones occur very rarely. Patients with intraosseous lipomas are asymptomatic in the early stages, but symptoms may appear in the later stages, accompanied by complications such as pain and fracture. On the X-ray plain, an intraosseous lipoma presents as an osteolytic lesion with well-circumscribed, and accompanied with a sclerotic margin and unevenly calcified parts. Recurrence and malignant transformation of intraosseous lipoma are extremely rare, and usually not requiring surgery. The possibility of malignant transformation and recurrence may be low, and usually not requiring surgery. In this article, we report a case of intraosseous calcaneal lipoma complicated with pathological fractures that was treated by curettage of the lesion and bone grafting , and local plate osteosyntheses showed good results. Combining this case with similar cases at home and aboard and reviewing related literature, we formed conclusions based on the manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease and provided treatments and a new idea for the study of similar cases.
Preliminary feasibility assessment of a targeted, pharmacist-led intervention for older adults with polypharmacy: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Liu Lisheng , Brokenshire Bernadette , Davies Deborah , Harrison Jeffrey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Polypharmacy is associated with inappropriate prescribing and avoidable medicines-related harm. A novel pharmacist-led intervention has been developed to facilitate a targeted approach to identify and resolve inappropriate prescribing in older adults with polypharmacy.
Aim: To conduct a preliminary feasibility assessment of the intervention in primary care, testing whether specific components of the intervention procedures and processes can be executed as intended.
Method: In this mixed-methods study, patients were recruited from a New Zealand general practice clinic over a four-week recruitment period to receive the intervention. Process fidelity, patient, and clinician perspectives were collected. Quantitative data were analysed based on the study's progression criteria to determine whether a clinical trial of the full-scale intervention is warranted. Qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis to identify facilitators and barriers to implementation.
Results: The intervention met the study's progression criteria, including patient recruitment, retention, and adherence to the intervention procedures. However, several modifications were identified, including: 1) enhancing patient recruitment, 2) conducting a preliminary meeting between the patient and pharmacist, 3) supporting pharmacists in maintaining a patient-centred approach, 4) reviewing the choice of patient-reported outcome measure, 5) extending the eight-week follow-up period, 6) allocating more time for pharmacists to conduct the intervention.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the intervention is feasible; however, additional development is required before progressing to a full-scale trial. This intervention holds the potential to provide an efficient approach to reducing medication-related harm and improving outcomes for older adults with polypharmacy.

Trial registration number: ACTRN12621000268842 Date registered:
11/03/2021
Predicting Clinical Outcomes of Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia through New Definitions and Phenotypes
Authors: McAnany Susan , AKANGIRE GANGARAM , Sherman Ashley , Sampath Venkatesh , Manimtim Winston 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: To compare the accuracy of three newly proposed definitions of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in predicting outcomes, and to assess the impact of BPD phenotypes (large airway vs. parenchymal vs. vascular disease) on BPD outcomes.
Study Design: Retrospective chart review of 100 infants with severe BPD discharged from a Children’s hospital between 2020-2021. Multivariable models evaluated the associations between BPD definitions and phenotypes with tracheostomy and death.
Result: Jensen’s and BPD collaborative criteria best predicted outcomes associated with tracheostomy and/or death (p < 0.001). Among the three BPD phenotypes, large airway disease independently predicted death or tracheostomy (OR 10.5, 95% CI 1.6, 68.1). The combination of all three phenotypes also predicted death or tracheostomy (OR 9.8, 95% CI 1.0, 93.5).
Conclusion: Newly proposed definitions of BPD better predict outcomes compared to the 2001 NIH definition with BPD phenotypes impacting mortality and short-term outcomes. These data may be useful for counseling families and developing phenotype-based individualized treatment plans.
Women's Political Participation in City Council, Debretabor City Administration, Ethiopia: An Exploration of Barriers
Authors: Kebede Agenagn 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Women have traditionally been marginalized within the political sphere, notwithstanding their significant achievements. The study looks at the barriers that stand in the way of women participating actively in politics, with a particular emphasis on the Debretabor City Administration Council.
Method
A case study research design was used in the study. The sample techniques used were maximum variation, deviant case, and intensity sampling. Semi-structured interviews, life histories, and focus group discussions (FGD) were also used to obtain the data.
Results
The findings showed that women's political engagement in city council was in danger due to a variety of factors, including gender bias in decision-making processes, the country's shifting political landscape, and Islamic religion fellows' perspectives.
Conclusion
Women faced certain obstacles when attempting to participate in city council politics. This case was critical in city administration, particularly, in city council.
Policy implication
In light of this, the research findings urged the need for gender-sensitive policy formulation within the city administration council.
Comparison of the 2022 World Health Organization Classification and International Consensus Classification in Myelodysplastic Syndromes/Neoplasms
Authors: Hou Hsin-An , Lee Wan-Hsuan , Lin Chien-Chin , Tsai Cheng-Hong , Tien Feng-Ming , lo Min-Yen , Tseng Mei-Hsuan , Kuo Yuan-Yeh , Yu Shan-Chi , Liu Ming-Chih , Yuan Chang-Tsu , Yang Yi-Tsung , Chuang Ming-Kai , Ko Bor-Sheng , Tang Jih-Luh , Sun Hsun-I , Chuang Yi-Kuang , Tien Hwei-Fang , Chou Wen-Chien 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In 2022, two novel classification systems for myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS) have been proposed: the International Consensus Classification (ICC) and the 2022 World Health Organization (WHO-2022) classification. These two contemporary systems exhibit numerous shared features but also diverge significantly in terminology and the definition of new entities. Thus, we retrospectively validated the ICC and WHO-2022 classification and found that both systems promoted efficient segregation of this heterogeneous disease. After examining the distinction between the two systems, we showed that a peripheral blood blast percentage ≥ 5% indicates adverse survival. Identifying MDS/acute myeloid leukemia with MDS-related gene mutations or cytogenetic abnormalities helps differentiate survival outcomes. In MDS, not otherwise specified patients, those diagnosed with hypoplastic MDS displayed a trend of superior survival compared to other low-risk MDS patients. Furthermore, the impact of bone marrow fibrosis on survival was less pronounced within the ICC framework. Allogeneic transplantation appears to improve outcomes for patients diagnosed with MDS with excess blasts in the ICC and those with MDS with increased blasts in WHO-2022 classification. Therefore, we proposed an integrated system that may lead to the accurate diagnosis and advancement of future research for MDS. Prospective studies are warranted to validate this refined classification.
The invisible enemy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of maternal smokeless tobacco use as a risk factor for low birth weight
Authors: Mahajan Akanksha , Gupta Bhawna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Smokeless tobacco use is a growing public health concern, with potential adverse implications for foetal outcomes if consumed during pregnancy. Birth weight is an important predictive measure for health outcomes of a child throughout their lifespan, from infancy through to adulthood. Although the association between maternal smoking and reduction in birth weight of infants has been studied extensively, it is unclear whether smokeless tobacco has similar effects. Hence, this review was conducted to determine whether an association exists between maternal smokeless tobacco consumption during pregnancy and birth weight of infants.
Aims and Methods
Systematic literature search was performed in Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL with no restrictions on language or time until January 2023. All observational studies (case control, cohort and cross sectional) that examined the relationship between maternal smokeless tobacco use and low birth weight of infants were eligible for inclusion. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale.
Results
Thirty-one studies were eligible for the review, including twenty-seven cohort studies, two case-control and two cross-sectional studies. These studies examined various forms of smokeless tobacco use including khat, betel/areca nut, mishri, snuff, iqmik and pituri. A statistically significant association between use of smokeless tobacco and low birth weight was reported in thirteen studies. An additional eleven studies reported a statistically significant reduction in mean birth weight in maternal smokeless tobacco users. Meta-analysis using a random effects model showed that there was a statistically significant association (OR = 1.91 [1.38, 2.65], P < 0.00001); between maternal smokeless tobacco use during pregnancy and low birth weight. Subgroup analysis found a significant association between maternal mishri consumption during pregnancy and low birth weight (OR = 10.98 [2.03, 59.34], P < 0.05), but not betel nut, betel quid or khat.
Conclusions
This review found that there is a significant association between maternal smokeless tobacco use and low birth weight of infants, as well as reduction in mean birth weight independent of confounding variables. It is suggested that maternal use of smokeless tobacco should receive specific attention as a part of routine prenatal care.
Implications
The results of this study highlight the need for further preventive public health campaigns to create awareness about the detrimental effects of smokeless tobacco on foetal outcomes patient education by healthcare workers in the primary care setting will aid in promoting smokeless tobacco cessation prior to pregnancy.
Analysis of the regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and anti-apoptosis activity of Shenqi granule through Network Pharmacology and in vitro experiments
Authors: Wei Lifeng , Guo Xiaoping , Zhu Yiyun , Jun Yong , Chen Shixiu , Xu Rui , Chen Yiping , Wang Lin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), a common pathological type of nephrotic syndrome. Shenqi granule(SQ) is a traditional Chinese medical formula that has been used for decades to treat IMN, and there is a large amount of clinical data confirming its effectiveness,but the mechanism is unclear. This study explores the potential mechanisms and targets of action of SQ through network pharmacology and validates them through in vitro experiments and molecular docking techniques. Network pharmacology is a method that can determine how TCM works through pharmacokinetic evaluation, allowing us to study its molecular mechanisms. Through in vitro experiments, MPC5 cells are used to establish puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced podocytes damage models to extract cell protein, western blot detection signal pathway protein and related target proteins, molecular docking was performed for the validation. The network pharmacology study results indicate that SQ has 106 compounds, and 195 shared targets with MN. The treatment of IMN with SQ is mainly related to the apoptosis, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and other significant signaling pathways. In vitro experiments showed that SQ could effectively inhibit the activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, increase the expression of Bcl2, and suppress the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins such as Calaspase-3 and Bax in MPC5 cells. This study initially investigated the pharmacological effects of SQ, which effectively ameliorates IMN by potentially regulating the phosphorylation level of the AKT/mTOR pathway, inhibiting apoptotic activity, and restoring skeletal proteins.
Purine permease (PUP) family gene PUP11 positively regulates the rice seed setting rate by influencing seed development
Authors: Rong Chenyu , Zhang Renren , Liu Yuexin , Chang Zhongyuan , Liu Ziyu , Ding Yanfeng , Ding Chengqiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The distribution of cytokinins in plant tissues determines plant growth and development and is regulated by several cytokinin transporters. Purine permease (PUP) is a cytokinin transporter found in plants. Although 13 PUP genes have been identified in the rice genome, however, most of their functions remain unknown. We found that pup11mutants showed extremely low seed setting rates and a unique filled seed distribution. Our research revealed that pup11 mutants showed seed formation arrest because the accumulated starch disappeared 10 days after flowering. PUP11 has two major transcripts with different expression patterns and subcellular locations, and further studies revealed that they have redundant positive roles in regulating the seed setting rate. We also found that type-A RR genes were upregulated in the developing grains of the pup11 mutant compared with the wild type. The results also showed that PUP11 altered the expression of several sucrose transporters and significantly upregulated certain starch biosynthesis genes. In summary, our results indicate that PUP11 influences the rice seed setting rate by regulating sucrose transport and starch accumulation during grain filling. This research provides new insights into the relationship between cytokinins and seed development, which may help improve cereal yield.
Validation of the Dermatology Life Quality Index. A Structural Validity, Internal Consistency and Item Response Analysis.
Authors: Sanclemente Gloria , Mora Cristian , Aguirre Daniel-Camilo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Although the classical test theory (CTT) has been one of the most widely used approaches for QoL scales validation in dermatology, some of its assumptions are problematic as it is sample dependent and does not take into account that scoring can be affected by patients´ variables and the measurement process. Previous results of the Dermatology-Life-Quality-Index validation in Colombia (DLQI-COL) based on the CTT perspective have showed the need to deep into the measurement properties of the instrument through the item response theory (IRT) or the Rasch model.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study we aimed to: 1- Assess the dimensionality of the DLQI, to determine its difficulty, discrimination and differential functioning, to evaluate its internal consistency and to assess its discriminative validity between patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory skin disease. We recruited Colombian patients with any skin disease. Skin diseases were stratified as inflammatory and non-inflammatory. Floor and ceiling effects were examined in addition to the internal-consistency of the instrument. For Rash analysis, a partial credit model was applied. The following model assumptions and measurement properties were tested: dimensionality and differential item functioning (DIF).
Results: Data of 461 patients (mean age: 46.8 years) and 56% females, were included. DLQI-COL-scores ranged from 0-29 (median=5). Internal consistency for dichotomous item 7, showed a McDonald’s Omega coefficient of 0.85 (95%CI:0.84-0.87) and a Cronbach's αcoefficient of 0.86 (95%CI:0.84-0.88). For ordinal item 7, McDonald's Omega coefficient was 0.87 (95%IC:0.85-0.89) and Cronbach's αcoefficient of 0.85 (95%CI: 0.82-0.87). Horn’s parallel analysis indicated DLQI unidimensionality with a one-factor solution. Only item 1 fitted the PCM model. The remaining items, including item 9, did not show adequate fit. Differences in scores were found between patients with non-inflammatory and inflammatory skin diseases and between age with no differences between gender.
Conclusions: The validity of DLQI-COL based on Rasch analysis proved not to be a suitable instrument to evaluate QoL in our dermatologic population. A refined version of the scale with an adequate cross-cultural adaptation and validation process are needed to obtain an appropriate and reliable version of the instrument for measuring QOL in Colombian patients with skin diseases.
Fermentative production of L-lactic acid from starch-based waste by engineered Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CAUH2-4
Authors: Zhao Zhaoer , Wang Chun , Di Wenxuan , Hao Yanling , Shi Suan , Zhai Zhengyuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The demand for high-purity L-lactic acid, a precursor for poly-lactic acid synthesis, is increasing. Costly carbon and nitrogen sources contribute significantly to lactic acid fermentation costs. Biomass waste is a promising low-cost substrate. However, producing L-lactic acid from biomass is a challenge due to its complex composition. Wild-type Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains, although environmentally adaptable, produce a racemic mixture of D- and L-lactic acid and are usually unable to metabolize starch. In this study, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CAUH2-1 with the highest glucose-lactate conversion efficiency was selected for lactic acid fermentation. By knocking out specific genes, the purity of L-lactate production by this mutant increased from 48.35–99.61%. The introduction of the α-amylase gene enabled the mutant to achieve a starch-to-L-lactic acid conversion rate of 88.49%. While mutants displayed lower efficiency when utilizing ginseng residue (GR) and wheat middlings (WM), the addition of the pullulan enzyme increased WM utilization efficiency to 65.58%.
Stress and temperature constrained thermoelastic topology optimization of support structures for additive manufacturing
Authors: Zhou Chongwei , Zhao Qinghai , Jiang Nan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a thermoelastic topology optimization formulation for the design of support structures in layer-by-layer printed additive manufacturing. The formulation is written in the form of structural compliance minimization with two competing constraint functions, one related to mechanical performance (stress) considering mechanical stress and thermal stress and one related to thermal performance (temperature). The optimization problem is solved by applying the p-norm function to handle global stress constraints and overall temperature constraints, separately. The sensitivity information of the objective function and constraints is derived using the adjoint variable method. The design variables are updated using the Method of Moving Asymptotes (MMA). We present several examples that explore the ability of the formulation to obtain optimized support structures for additive manufacturing under different volume constraints, various performance constraints and print orientations, which addresses the issues of mechanical and thermal stress concentration when considering thermoelastic coupled effect, thus validating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Exploring the Genetic Landscape of Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Weng Jinsen , Wang Xiaojing , Shang Xiuling , Xiao Jun , Ye Yong , Yu Rongguo , Shang Junya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Sepsis poses a severe threat in critical care, often leading to septic cardiomyopathy. This study aimed to explore the genes related to mitochondrial damage in septic cardiomyopathy, observe their changes during sepsis, and analyze the possible pathogenesis of this disease.
Methods: Bioinformatics methods were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enrichment pathways associated with mitochondrial damage in patients with septic cardiomyopathy. Subsequently, clinical specimens and cardiomyocytes were verified and compared to clarify the expression of these genes and their change trend in the pathogenesis of septic myocardial injury to explore the possible relationship between these genes and septic myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction.
Results: In this study, using diverse datasets, 398 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to sepsis were identified, and 11 key genes (GNAS, MRPL2, TIMM17b, SLC25A3, SDHA, PRPF6, LMF2, IMMT, CS, UCP2, and CASP2) were significantly associated with these genes. Functional analysis highlighted the importance of the TIM23 complex in septic mitochondrial injury. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed on 11 genes and TIMM23 expression in 24-48 hours in clinical specimens, and the expression of TIMM17b and TIMM23 was increased in the sepsis group, while the expression of the other 10 DEGs was decreased. Further verification via cell experiments revealed that the expression of 11 DEGs and 5 TIM23 complex member genes, TIMM23, TIMM17A, TIMM44, PAM16 and TIMM50, increased in the 6-hour group, while their expression decreased significantly in the 24-hour group; moreover, the expression of only TIMM17b was still greater than that in the normal control group. The expression of other genes was lower than or close to that of the normal control group.
Conclusion: This integrative study not only provides a comprehensive overview of DEGs associated with sepsis but also emphasizes the importance of the TIM23 complex. The identified genes and pathways offer potential targets for further mechanistic studies and therapeutic interventions in the context of sepsis-related complications.