bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential determinants of parental hesitancy to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional investigation
Authors: Rehman Shazia , Rehman Nadia , Li Zexuan , Zhang Yan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination hesitancy has emerged as a substantial concern among the adult population globally. However, limited evidence is available about parental hesitancy to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 within the Pakistani context. Thus, the present investigation aimed to assess parental attitudes, perceptions, and willingness regarding vaccination hesitancy and associated predictors of getting their children vaccinated against COVID-19. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based, self-administered online questionnaire in Punjab, Pakistan, on randomly selected parents between October 2022 and February 2023. The data were collected based on socio-demographics, attitudes, perceptions, and willingness of parents regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for their children. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated to identify the predictors of vaccine hesitancy. The findings demonstrated that among 1,478 participants, a total of 40% believed that the COVID-19 vaccine may pose a greater risk to children than adults, while 38% exhibited no concerns. Around 13% of children were not vaccinated in our study sample. More than half expressed hesitancy toward vaccination, and only 35.25% were inclined to get their children vaccinated in our study sample. In addition, only 16% of the parents believed that the COVID-19 vaccination may cause an alteration in their children’s DNA. A similar proportion of parents were aware of the significance of getting their children vaccinated and expressed their willingness to vaccinate their children to prevent the COVID-19 infection. However, a higher odds ratio was observed in females with a higher educational background and those in the healthcare profession. In conclusion, healthcare awareness-supporting programs for educating parents should be designed and implemented. These insights might aid in the development of strategies to eradicate barriers in existing coronavirus vaccination programs and may vaccinate a larger child population to reduce the adverse consequences of the pandemic.
Multiple invasive species affect germination, growth, and photosynthesis of native weeds and crops in experiments
Authors: Lenda Magdalena , Steudel Bastian , Skórka Piotr , Zagrodzka Zuzanna B. , Moroń Dawid , Bączek-Kwinta Renata , Janowiak Franciszek , Baran Agnieszka , Possingham Hugh P. , Knops Johannes M. H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlien plant species regularly and simultaneously invade agricultural landscapes and ecosystems; however, the effects of co-invasion on crop production and native biodiversity have rarely been studied. Secondary metabolites produced by alien plants may be allelopathic; if they enter the soil, they may be transported by agricultural activities, negatively affecting crop yield and biodiversity. It is unknown whether substances from different alien species in combination have a greater impact on crops and wild plants than if they are from only one of the alien species. In this study, we used a set of common garden experiments to test the hypothesis that mixed extracts from two common invasive species have synergistic effects on crops and weeds (defined as all non-crop plants) in European agricultural fields compared to single-species extracts. We found that both the combined and individual extracts had detrimental effects on the seed germination, seedling growth, biomass, and photosynthetic performance of both crops and weeds. We found that the negative effect of mixed extracts was not additive and that crop plants were more strongly affected by invasive species extracts than the weeds. Our results are important for managing invasive species in unique ecosystems on agricultural land and preventing economic losses in yield production.
The influence of interoceptive accuracy on the verbalization of emotions
Authors: Suzuki Naho , Yamamoto Tetsuya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInteroception, which pertains to the physiological state of the body, is associated with subjective emotional experiences. In particular, the accuracy of perceiving interoceptive signals (interoceptive accuracy [IAcc]) is linked to the intensity of emotional arousal, known as arousal focus (AF). IAcc is believed to influence the granularity of emotional experiences. Here, we examined the relationship between IAcc and assessment and verbalisation of one's own or others' emotions. Study I demonstrated that individuals with higher IAcc exhibited significantly greater AF when evaluating their own positive emotions. Furthermore, although no correlation between IAcc and AF was found in free descriptions of emotions, a significant positive correlation was found between IAcc and the number of emotion-related words. Study II showed that individuals with higher IAcc displayed significantly higher AF when assessing the positive emotions of characters in videos. Additionally, in free descriptions of these characters, a significant positive correlation was observed between predicted verbal IQ and the number of emotion-related words. These findings support the notion that interoception is associated with AF during assessment of one's own or others' positive emotions as well as the abundance of emotion-related words. This study demonstrates the relationship between bodily sensations and social aspects of human embodiment.
Surface defect detection of industrial components based on vision
Authors: Chen Zhendong , Feng Xuefeng , Liu Li , Jia Zhenhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEarly and effective surface defect detection in industrial components can avoid the occurrence of serious safety hazards. Since most industrial component surfaces have tiny defects with high similarity to the detection background, there are often issues of missed or false detections when defects are detected, leading to low detection accuracy. To deal with the aforementioned issue, this essay suggests a high-precision detection model for surface defects in industrial components based on the YOLOv5 algorithm. First, the original spatial pyramid pooling (SPPF) is innovated by proposing the SPPFKCSPC module, which improves the network's capacity for feature extraction from targets at different scales and fuses multiscale features better. Then, C3 is combined with SPPFKCSPC and replaces the C3 module of the backbone network, which improves feature expression and enhances the receptive field of the network. Finally, the coordinate attention mechanism (CA) has been embedded into the YOLOv5 neck network, and the bounding box regression loss function of the algorithm is improved to EIOU, not only improving the precision of the target localization and recognition model but also enhancing the overall network performance. Based on the public datasets NEU-DET and PV-Multi-Defect, multiple sets of experiments were conducted using innovative algorithms. On the NEU-DET dataset, we got a mean average accuracy (mAP) of 88.3%, which is 7.2% greater than the original approach. On the PV-Multi-Defect dataset, the mAP value reached 97.5%, an improvement of 1.5%. As shown by the experimental data, the detection results significantly improved.
Lower product of magnesium × potassium is associated with higher mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients: a cohort study
Authors: Chen Jui-Yi , Jiang Ming-Yan , Huang Yun-Ting , Hwang Jyh-Chang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the Mg × K product on the mortality risk of hemodialysis patients with concomitant hypokalemia and lower magnesium levels. This was a prospective observational study of patients in a HD center in southern Taiwan. A total of 444 HD patients were divided into 5 groups by the Mg × K product: group 1, bottom quintile, median Mg × K: 7.87, IQR: 7.03–8.12 (n = 89, age: 64 ± 13 years old); group 2, median Mg × K: 9.37, IQR: 8.97–9.86 (n = 89, age:62 ± 13 years old); group 3, median Mg × K: 10.95, IQR: 10.50–11.26 (n = 89, age:64 ± 13 years old); group 4, median Mg × K: 12.30, IQR: 11.87–12.82 (n = 89, 61 ± 12 years old); and group 5, top quintile, median Mg × K: 14.92, IQR:14.07–16.23 (n = 88, 62 ± 11 years old). The patients were followed up for 2 years to determine the risk of all-cause mortality. Patients with a lower Mg × K product had more comorbidities, malnutrition-inflammation status, and a higher mortality risk. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, a higher Mg × K [HR, 0.89; 95%CI (0.81–0.98)] was found to be an independent predictor of better survival. HD patients with a lower Mg × K product had more comorbidities, a marked malnutrition-inflammation status, and were associated with long-term mortality. A higher Mg × K value is a favorable survival factor.
Sex-dependent relationship of polymorphisms in CLOCK and REV-ERBα genes with body mass index and lipid levels in children
Authors: Vales-Villamarín Claudia , de Dios Olaya , Mahíllo-Fernández Ignacio , Perales Macarena , Pérez-Nadador Iris , Gavela-Pérez Teresa , Soriano-Guillén Leandro , Garcés Carmen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCircadian rhythms, which are governed by a circadian clock, regulate important biological processes associated with obesity. SNPs in circadian clock genes have been linked to energy and lipid homeostasis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the associations of CLOCK and REV-ERBα SNPs with BMI and plasma lipid levels in pre-pubertal boys and girls. The study sample population comprised 1268 children aged 6–8 years. Information regarding anthropometric parameters and plasma lipid concentrations was available. Genotyping of CLOCK SNPs rs1801260, rs4580704, rs3749474, rs3736544 and rs4864548 and REV-ERBα SNPs rs2017427, rs20711570 and rs2314339 was performed by RT-PCR. The CLOCK SNPs rs3749474 and rs4864548 were significantly associated with BMI in girls but no in boys. Female carriers of the minor alleles for these SNPs presented lower BMI compared to non-carriers. A significant association of the REV-ERBα SNP rs2071570 with plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and Apo B in males was also observed. Male AA carriers showed lower plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and Apo B levels as compared with carriers of the C allele. No significant associations between any of the studied REV-ERBα SNPs and plasma lipid levels were observed in females. In summary, CLOCK and REV-ERBα SNPs were associated with BMI and plasma lipid levels respectively in a sex-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that sex-related factors may interact with Clock genes SNPs conditioning the effects of these polymorphisms on circadian alterations.
Robust pose estimation which guarantees positive depths
Authors: Li Chun , McInroy John E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the area of 3D computer vision, the ability to estimate pose between two cameras under high noise levels while maintaining small reprojection errors reflects the robustness of such pose estimation algorithms. Moreover, maintaining positive depth constraint is another challenging task. Unfortunately, current pose estimation algorithms are often sensitive to noise/outliers and do not always guarantee positive depths. As a standalone task, these algorithms perform a positive sign check and simply discard the points with negative depths after the algorithms are executed. These algorithms do not integrate positive depth constraints into the algorithms themselves. Instead, they do it afterwards. Here, from a comprehensive mathematical derivation, we propose a novel pose estimation algorithm that integrates positive depth constraint into the algorithm itself by estimating the depths directly. The algorithm was competitive in producing small reprojection errors when compared to the state-of-the-art algorithms under both synthetic and real-world tests, while most importantly guaranteeing positive depths.
Quantitative in situ synchrotron X-ray analysis of the ALD/MLD growth of transition metal dichalcogenide TiS2 ultrathin films
Authors: Yadav Ashok-Kumar , Ma Weiliang , Abi Younes Petros , Ciatto Gianluca , Gauthier Nicolas , Skopin Evgeniy , Quadrelli Elsje Alessandra , Schneider Nathanaelle , Renevier Hubert 
Published: December 2023

We present a quantitative X-ray absorption spectroscopy study performed in situ during the growth of ultrathin TiS2 films by Atomic/Molecular layer deposition, exploiting insights from density functional theory calculations.
Ulcus cruris venosum: Shaving-Therapie und Meshgraft-Hauttransplantation
Authors: Juntermanns Benjamin , Kröger Knut , Waldhausen Peter , Gäbel Gabor 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Ulcus cruris venosum ist die häufigste Ulkusform. Ein gutes Wundmanagement in Kombination mit der essenziellen Kompressionstherapie lässt den Großteil der Ulzerationen abheilen. Sollte es unter dieser Therapie nicht zur Abheilung kommen, stellt die operative Therapie mit Ulkusshaving und anschließenden Meshgraft-Hauttransplantation eine gute Therapieoption zur definitiven Wunddeckung dar.
„Bewegt in Balance“ – ein online
durchgeführtes Bewegungsprogramm zur Verringerung von personenbezogenen
Sturzrisikofaktoren älterer Erwachsener
Authors: Kuder Ronja , Mandrysch Julia , Kahlert Daniela 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungMit zunehmendem Alter steigt die Prävalenz von Stürzen. Etwa ein
Drittel aller selbstständig lebenden über 65-Jährigen
stürzt mindestens einmal pro Jahr. Stürze können sowohl
körperliche Verletzungen wie z. B. (Hüft-)Frakturen als
auch psychische Folgen, wie eine erhöhte Sturzangst, nach sich ziehen.
Evidenzbasierte Bewegungsprogramme, welche die personenbezogenen Risikofaktoren
adressieren, könnten einen vielversprechenden Beitrag zur
Sturzprävention leisten.Die Intervention „Bewegt in Balance“ wurde dementsprechend auf
Grundlage einer Programmtheorie geplant, bei der die Interventionsinhalte einer
fundierten Wirkungslogik folgen. Das fünfwöchige Programm
beinhaltete dabei eine Kombination aus Gleichgewichts- und Krafttraining und
fand zweimal wöchentlich synchron für jeweils eine Stunde
über ein Online-Portal statt. Zur Evaluation diente ein
prä-post-quasi-experimentelles-Wartekontrollgruppendesign. Hierbei
wurden verschiedene personenbezogene Sturzrisikofaktoren erhoben: die statische
Gleichgewichtsfähigkeit, die Beinkraft und die Sturzangst. Die
Stichprobe umfasste 27 Personen (Mittelwert=70.96 Jahre;
SD=8.89; 55.56 % weiblich).Die Rangvarianzanalyse ergab für die statische
Gleichgewichtsfähigkeit (modifizierter Romberg-Test: p=.016;
Einbeinstand: p=.046) und die Beinkraft (Aufstehtest: p=.050)
der Interventions- und Kontrollgruppe eine (tendenziell) signifikante
Verbesserung über die Zeit. Rund 54 % der Teilnehmenden aus der
Interventionsgruppe berichteten eine subjektive Verbesserung ihrer
Gleichgewichts- und Kraftfähigkeit infolge des Trainings. Der nicht
nachweisbare Gruppeneffekt des Interventionsprogramms bleibt zu diskutieren. Die
hierfür möglichen inhaltlichen oder auch test-statistischen
Erklärungen, wie beispielsweise die Interventionsdauer oder eine
größere Stichprobe, sollten in zukünftigen Studien
adressiert werden.
VR-Therapie: Herausforderungen bei der Entwicklung eines
Medizinproduktes
Authors: Stemick Judith , Teichmann Laura , Saur Thomas 
Published: December 2023

Immersive Virtuelle Realität (VR) wird in der Medizin bereits in
unterschiedlichen Bereichen eingesetzt. Wir als Medizinprodukthersteller haben
uns auf die Entwicklung immersiver VR für die sensomotorische und
kognitive Therapie spezialisiert. Der Artikel soll Herausforderungen
näher beleuchten, welche bei der Entwicklung und Implementierung eines
VR-Therapiesystems aufkommen. Hierbei werden die verschiedenen Herausforderungen
und Lösungsansätze entlang des Entwicklungs- und
Implementationsprozesses beschrieben.Die größte Herausforderung ist, ein Therapiesystem zu entwickeln,
welches maßgeschneidert auf die Bedürfnisse der Patienten und
Therapeuten ist. Human-centered Design bietet dabei eine gute Grundlage, die
Bedürfnisse von Patienten und Therapeuten von Anfang an in den Fokus zu
stellen. Ein Teil der Lösung besteht darin, im ständigen
Austausch mit klinischen Partnern zu bleiben, um Veränderungen in der
Therapielandschaft mit zu berücksichtigen, sowie Wünsche von
Therapeuten und Patienten für kommende Updates zu sammeln. Weitere
Herausforderungen bilden mögliche Nebenwirkungen der VR, das
Wohlbefinden von Patienten während der Therapie und eine
möglichst intuitive Handhabung des VR-Therapiesystems für den
Therapeuten.Nach der Entwicklung ist die reibungslose Integration des VR-Therapiesystems in
den Klinikalltag von hoher Bedeutung. Mit Schulungen, Weiterbildungen und
Beratungen durch den firmeneigenen Service kann man Fragen und Anforderungen
schnell lösen. VR-Therapie erweitert die Vielfalt der Therapielandschaft
und kann ein Baustein sein, um die Therapeuten in Kliniken und Praxen nachhaltig
zu entlasten. Um VR-Therapie als festen Bestandteil der Versorgung zu
etablieren, ist langfristig eine Erstattung durch die Kostenträger
erforderlich.
Are Health Care Providers Caring for Pregnant and Postpartum Women Ready to Confront the Perinatal Cannabis Use Challenge?
Authors: Kitsantas Panagiota , Pursell Shannon R. 
Published: December 2023

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess health care providers' knowledge and practices related to cannabis use among pregnant and postpartum women.
Study Design A survey of health care providers (n = 75 responders) was conducted across four main regions in the state of Virginia to assess knowledge of adverse health effects associated with perinatal cannabis use, screening tools, follow-up for positive screening, barriers to having discussions about cannabis use, and treatment among pregnant and postpartum women.
Results An astonishing 34.7% of the providers surveyed responded as not being aware of the impacts of cannabis use on the health of the mother and infant, and 66.7% of them reported that they would like some training on feeling comfortable with their knowledge about the impact of perinatal cannabis use on the population they are serving. When asked about providing resources and/or patient education related to cannabis use during pregnancy and/or breastfeeding, 62.7% reported they did not but they would be interested in providing both resources and education. Over one-third of the providers did not have a follow-up process for positive screening. In addition, numerous barriers to asking/screening and/or discussing cannabis use and potential harm reduction methods for the pregnant and postpartum populations emerged such as inadequate or lack of resources for positive screening, lack of knowledge on the topic, unsure about the policies of reporting a positive screening, etc.
Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that health care providers caring for pregnant and postpartum women are not equipped to make appropriate recommendations to patients and guide them through decision-making. Health care providers caring for pregnant and postpartum women need to be knowledgeable on how to best support patients with cannabis use for effective counseling and guidance due to health risks. State policies and resources are needed to ensure training for clinicians on perinatal cannabis.
Key Points
Design of a multi-direction piezoelectric and electromagnetic hybrid energy harvester used for ocean wave energy harvesting
Authors: Chen Liang , Li Chong , Fang Jiwen 
Published: December 2023

Ocean waves contain a great deal of energy, and the collection and utilization of wave energy is of great significance for sustainable development. In this paper, a multi-direction piezoelectric and electromagnetic hybrid energy harvester (PEHEH) based on magnetic coupling is proposed that can collect low frequency vibration energy from multiple directions. The proposed PEHEH combines piezoelectricity and electromagnetism through magnetic coupling to collect energy in the same excitation. The mechanical model of the PEHEH is established, and finite element simulation software COMSOL and computational fluid dynamics are used to analyze and verify the feasibility and practicability of the PEHEH structure. An experimental platform is built to test the output performance of the PEHEH. The results show that the maximum energy generated by PEHEH is 19.4 mW when the magnetic distance is 16 mm and the excitation frequency is 9 Hz. The hybrid energy harvester can light 56 light emitting diodes, which verified the feasibility of practical application. Therefore, the proposed hybrid energy harvester can effectively collect low-frequency wave energy and has a broad application prospect as a power source for low-power electronic devices.
Real supersymmetric solutions of
(3,2)
signature five-dimensional supergravity
Authors: Farotti D , Gutowski J B , Sabra W A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We classify supersymmetric solutions of D = 5

(
3
,
2
)

signature supergravity with either vanishing or imaginary gauge coupling constant preserving the minimal N = 2 supersymmetry. We prove that the geometry of such solutions is characterized by a nilpotent integrable endomorphism, and obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions on the fluxes imposed by supersymmetry. We also construct examples of supersymmetric domain wall solutions for which the nilpotent integrable endomorphism is associated with a Killing–Yano two-form, as well as a new descendant ‘preon’ solution which preserves N = 6 supersymmetry. This is notable as such N = 6 descendant solutions do not exist in the standard signature D = 5 supergravity.
Fraunhofer approximation of Fresnel integrals
Authors: Dupraz K , Dupuis G , Martens A , Rax J-M , Zomer F 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A method to derive the Fraunhofer diffraction integral by making use of the theory of distributions is presented. With respect to standard textbooks, the pedagogical benefit of this method is that it uniquely uses the far-field approximation of the Fresnel diffraction integral. An operator representation of Fresnel diffraction is also derived.
Ultrathin Al2O3 interfacial layer for Hf0.5Zr0.5O2-based ferroelectric field-effect transistors
Authors: Lee Jehoon , Eom Deokjoon , Lee Heesoo , Lee Woohui , Oh Joohee , Park Changyu , Kim Hyoungsub 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, the effects of an Al2O3 interfacial layer (IL) on the characteristics of ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) with Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) gate dielectrics on Si substrates were investigated. FeFETs with HZO gate dielectrics have gained considerable attention owing to their compatibility with modern fabrication processes and scalability. However, during HZO deposition on Si substrates, an ultrathin metal silicate IL with a low dielectric constant is formed in an uncontrolled manner, leading to a significant voltage drop and the generation of interface traps during device operation. To address this issue, an ultrathin Al2O3 IL with a thickness less than 2 nm was introduced between the HZO film and Si substrate via in situ atomic layer deposition. The impact of this IL on a memory window (MW) and endurance characteristics was evaluated by comparing the devices with and without an intentional Al2O3 IL. The obtained results revealed that the Al2O3 IL effectively suppressed the interface trap generation, expanded the MW, and enhanced the transistor endurance characteristics. This described approach can be potentially used for improving the reliability of FeFETs fabricated on Si substrates.