bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensing, Imaging, and Therapeutic Strategies Endowing by Conjugate Polymers for Precision Medicine
Authors: Shen Qi , Song Gang , Lin Hongrui , Bai Haotian , Huang Yiming , Lv Fengting , Wang Shu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConjugated polymers (CPs) have promising applications in biomedical fields, such as disease monitoring, real‐time imaging diagnosis, and disease treatment. As a promising luminescent material with tunable emission, high brightness and excellent stability, CPs are widely used as fluorescent probes in biological detection and imaging. Rational molecular design and structural optimization have broadened absorption/emission range of CPs, which are more conductive for disease diagnosis and precision therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the application of CPs, aiming to elucidate their structural and functional relationships. The fluorescence properties of CPs and the mechanism of detection signal amplification are first discussed, followed by an elucidation of their emerging applications in biological detection. Subsequently, CPs‐based imaging systems and therapeutic strategies are illustrated systematically. Finally, recent advancements in utilizing CPs as electroactive materials for bioelectronic devices are also investigated. Moreover, the challenges and outlooks of CPs for precision medicine are discussed. Through this systematic review, it is hoped to highlight the frontier progress of CPs and promote new breakthroughs in fundamental research and clinical transformation.
Optical Monitoring of Water Side Permeation in Thin Film Encapsulation
Authors: Wu Kangling , Mariello Massimo , Leterrier Yves , Lacour Stéphanie P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe stability of long‐term microfabricated implants is hindered by the presence of multiple water diffusion paths within artificially patterned thin‐film encapsulations. Side permeation, defined as infiltration of molecules through the lateral surface of the thin structure, becomes increasingly critical with the trend of developing high‐density and miniaturized neural electrodes. However, current permeability measurement methods do not account for side permeation accurately nor quantitatively. Here, a novel optical, magnesium (Mg)‐based method is proposed to quantify the side water transmission rate (SWTR) through thin film encapsulation and validate the approach using micrometric polyimide (PI) and polyimide‐silicon carbide (PI‐SiC) multilayers. Through computed digital grayscale images collected with corroding Mg film microcells coated with the thin encapsulation, side and surface WTRs are quantified. A 4.5‐fold ratio between side and surface permeation is observed, highlighting the crucial role of the PI–PI interface in lateral diffusion. Universal guidelines for the design of flexible, hermetic neural interfaces are proposed. Increasing encapsulation's width (interelectrode spacing), creating stronger interfacial interactions, and integrating high‐barrier interlayers such as SiC significantly enhance the lateral hermeticity.
Engineered Microchannel Scaffolds with Instructive Niches Reinforce Endogenous Bone Regeneration by Regulating CSF‐1/CSF‐1R Pathway
Authors: Li Xing , Cheng Yaling , Gu Peiyang , Zhao Chengkun , Li Zhulian , Tong Lei , Zeng Weinan , Liang Jie , Luo En , Jiang Qing , Zhou Zongke , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong , Sun Yong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStructural and physiological cues provide guidance for the directional migration and spatial organization of endogenous cells. Here, a microchannel scaffold with instructive niches is developed using a circumferential freeze‐casting technique with an alkaline salting‐out strategy. Thereinto, polydopamine‐coated nano‐hydroxyapatite is employed as a functional inorganic linker to participate in the entanglement and crystallization of chitosan molecules. This scaffold orchestrates the advantage of an oriented porous structure for rapid cell infiltration and satisfactory immunomodulatory capacity to promote stem cell recruitment, retention, and subsequent osteogenic differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis as well as its in vitro and in vivo verification demonstrates that essential colony‐stimulating factor‐1 (CSF‐1) factor is induced by this scaffold, and effectively bound to the target colony‐stimulating factor‐1 receptor (CSF‐1R) on the macrophage surface to activate the M2 phenotype, achieving substantial endogenous bone regeneration. This strategy provides a simple and efficient approach for engineering inducible bone regenerative biomaterials.
Dual‐Epigenetically Relieving the MYC‐Correlated Immunosuppression via an Advanced Nano‐Radiosensitizer Potentiates Cancer Immuno‐Radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Guohao , Yan Jie , Tian Hao , Li Bei , Yu Xinying , Feng Yuzhao , Li Wenxi , Zhou Songtao , Dai Yunlu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCancer cells can upregulate the MYC expression to repair the radiotherapy‐triggered DNA damage, aggravating therapeutic resistance and tumor immunosuppression. Epigenetic treatment targeting the MYC‐transcriptional abnormality may intensively solve this clinical problem. Herein, 5‐Aza (a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) and ITF‐2357 (a histone deacetylase inhibitor) are engineered into a tungsten‐based nano‐radiosensitizer (PWAI), to suppress MYC rising and awaken robust radiotherapeutic antitumor immunity. Individual 5‐Aza depletes MYC expression but cannot efficiently awaken radiotherapeutic immunity. This drawback can be overcome by the addition of ITF‐2357, which triggers cancer cellular type I interferon (IFN‐I) signaling. Coupling 5‐Aza with ITF‐2357 ensures that PWAI does not evoke the treated model with high MYC‐related immune resistance while amplifying the radiotherapeutic tumor killing, and more importantly promotes the generation of IFN‐I signal‐related proteins involving IFN‐α and IFN‐β. Unlike the radiation treatment alone, PWAI‐triggered immuno‐radiotherapy remarkably enhances antitumor immune responses involving the tumor antigen presentation by dendritic cells, and improves intratumoral recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and their memory‐phenotype formation in 4T1 tumor‐bearing mice. Downgrading the radiotherapy‐induced MYC overexpression via the dual‐epigenetic reprogramming strategy may elicit a robust immuno‐radiotherapy.
Three‐in‐One Strategy Enables Single‐Component Organic Solar Cells with Record Efficiency and High Stability
Authors: Cheng Yujun , Huang Bin , Mao Qilong , Huang Xuexiang , Liu Jiabin , Zhou Chunxiang , Zhou Wen , Ren Xinyuan , Kim Seoyoung , Kim Wonjun , Sun Zhe , Wu Feiyan , Yang Changduk , Chen Lie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSingle‐component organic solar cells (SCOSCs) with covalently bonding donor and acceptor are becoming increasingly attractive because of their superior stability over traditional multicomponent blend organic solar cells (OSCs). Nevertheless, the efficiency of SCOSCs is far behind the state‐of‐the‐art multicomponent OSCs. Herein, by combination of the advantages of three‐component and single‐component devices, this work reports an innovative three‐in‐one strategy to boost the performance of SCOSCs. In this three‐in‐one strategy, three independent components (PM6, D18, and PYIT) are covalently linked together to create a new single‐component active layer based on ternary conjugated block copolymer (TCBC) PM6‐D18‐b‐PYIT by a facile polymerization. Precisely manipulating the component ratios in the polymer chains of PM6‐D18‐b‐PYIT is able to broaden light utilization, promote charge dynamics, optimize, and stabilize film morphology, contributing to the simultaneously enhanced efficiency and stability of the SCOSCs. Ultimately, the PM6‐D18‐b‐PYIT‐based device exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.89%, which is the highest efficiency of the reported SCOSCs. Thanks to the aggregation restriction of each component and chain entanglement in the three‐in‐one system, the PM6‐D18‐b‐PYIT‐based SCOSC displays significantly higher stability than the corresponding two‐component (PM6‐D18:PYIT) and three‐component (PM6:D18:PYIT). These results demonstrate that the three‐in‐one strategy is facile and promising for developing SCOSCs with superior efficiency and stability.
Achieving Stable Lithium Anodes through Leveraging Inevitable Stress Variations via Adaptive Piezoelectric Effect
Authors: Chang Chengshuai , Zhang Mengtian , Lao Zhoujie , Xiao Xiao , Lu Gongxun , Qu Haotian , Wu Xian , Fu Hongyan , Zhou Guangmin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnleashing the potential of lithium‐metal anodes in practical applications is hindered by the inherent stress‐related challenges arising from their limitless volume expansion, leading to mechanical failures such as electrode cracking, solid electrolyte interphase damage, and dendritic growth. Despite the various protective strategies to “combat” stress in lithium‐metal anodes, they fail to address the intrinsic issue fundamentally. Here, a unique strategy is proposed that leverages the stress generated during the battery cycling via the piezoelectric effect, transforming to the adaptive built‐in electric field to accelerate lithium‐ion migration, homogenize the lithium deposition, and alleviate the stress concentration. The mechanism of the piezoelectric effect in modulating electro‐chemomechanical field evolution is further validated and decoupled through finite element method simulations. Inspired by this strategy, a high sensitivity, fast responsive, and strength adaptability polymer piezoelectric is used to demonstrate the feasibility and the corresponding protected lithium‐metal anode shows cycling stability over 6000 h under a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and extending life in a variety of coin and pouch cell systems. This work effectively tackles the stress‐related issues and decoupling the electro‐chemomechanical field evolution also contributes to developing more stable lithium anodes for future research.
Controlled Sixfold Symmetric Exfoliation of Oriented MoS2 Monolayers by Coulomb Force
Authors: Liu Sheng , Fong Chee Fai , Liu Xue , Tan Beng Hau , Zeng Qingyun , Okada Yoshinori , Nguyen Nam‐Trung , An Hongjie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAtoms, molecules, and nanoparticles can be spatially manipulated by an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip, through van der Waals (vdW) and/or Coulomb forces. These point‐to‐point manipulations are highly accurate at nanoscale, facilitating the construction and modification of nanostructures. Nevertheless, it is difficult to manipulate 2D layers in vdW crystals by an AFM tip, because the tip‐induced attractive force is usually insufficient to outcompete the interlaminar vdW forces. Herein, manipulation of the surface layers on a MoS2 single crystal by a conductive AFM tip is successfully reported. By applying a bias between the tip and MoS2, the Coulomb attractive force allows the topmost MoS2 layers to be picked up. These exfoliated layers are deformed into micron‐sized bubbles with sixfold symmetry, which are composed of high‐quality monolayers and visually reflecting the hexagonal lattice orientation. The underlying mechanisms of the sixfold symmetric exfoliation and the formation of monolayers are discussed by in situ monitoring of the tunneling volt‐ampere characteristics and simulation of the force distribution. The findings open a new route to obtain high‐quality transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers and their derived nanostructures on the surface of TMD single crystals for optoelectronic and photonic device applications.
Dry‐Wet Hybrid Direct Printing of Laser‐Induced Graphene and Zinc Oxide Nanoribbons for Continuous‐Flow Manufacturing of Flexible Wearable Photodetectors
Authors: Qu Menglong , Zhao Wenfei , Wu Daosheng , Liu Zixuan , Feng Shichao , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Zhong Jie , Zhang Cheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFlexible wearable electronics enable an in situ and real‐time measurement of human physiology and micro‐environment. Although large‐scale production of flexible wearable electronics is demonstrated using direct printing techniques, the “wet” nature of these techniques requires multiple procedures and chemicals to prepare printable inks, increasing the complexity and cost. Here, a dry‐wet hybrid direct printing is developed for the mass production of flexible wearable photodetectors, in which a “dry” direct laser writing and a “wet” screen printing are employed to fabricate laser‐induced graphene as electrode layer and zinc oxide as photosensitive layer, respectively. The liquid‐free fabrication of LIG significantly reduces the complexity and cost of the production. An automatic conveyor belt is designed to realize continuous‐flow manufacturing. The photodetectors demonstrate good ultraviolet (UV) photodetection performances, such as a photo‐to‐dark current ratio (Iphoto/Idark) of 5.67 × 105, approaching the record of similar devices. The manufacturing system presents a high reproducibility, considering that Iphoto/Idark only fluctuates within 7.10%. The flexible photodetectors are worn as wristbands after being integrated with a data acquisition and transmission circuit. UV intensity is real‐time monitored on a self‐developed mobile application. The continuous‐flow manufacturing based on the developed dry‐wet hybrid direct printing sheds light on the mass production of flexible wearable electronics.
Ice Microsphere Optical Cavities
Authors: Li Xiangzheng , Cui Bowen , Xu Peizhen , Xie Yu , Wang Pan , Tong Limin , Guo Xin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhispering gallery mode (WGM) optical microcavities have played an essential role in both fundamental research and practical applications, such as cavity quantum electrodynamics, optomechanics, microlasers, and optical sensors. While microcavities made of various materials (e.g., SiO2, As2S3, polymethylmethacrylate) have been extensively investigated, exploiting new materials for microcavities holds great promise for expanding the functionalities of the microcavities. As one of the most ubiquitous and important solids on earth's surface, ice exhibits intriguing optical properties that render it an excellent material for optical applications. Here, ice microsphere optical cavities are demonstrated for the first time. By rapidly freezing water microdroplets, ice microspheres are batch‐fabricated with relatively smooth surfaces and diameters of 5–50 µm. Excitation of a series of WGMs within ice microsphere cavities is achieved over a broad spectral range from near‐ultraviolet to near‐infrared region (380–1600 nm) with quality factors up to 1.4 × 103. Considering the extremely low absorption coefficient of ice in the ultraviolet, this work provides an exceptional platform for exploring ultraviolet microcavity photonics and its diverse applications.
Boosting Photoresponse of Self‐Powered Photoelectrochemical Photodetectors via Planar Interdigital Electrodes
Authors: Gao Qiyue , Shao Zhitao , Sun Simin , Guan Haoran , Gao Xinyu , Zhang Nana , Yao Jing , Gao Feng , Feng Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderwater optical communications (UOC) and light imaging have aroused tremendous attention due to the ever‐growing exploration of marine resources. Photoelectrochemical‐type photodetectors (PEC PDs) have good application potential in underwater optoelectronic devices because of their intrinsic aqueous operation characteristics with a self‐powered function and high sensitivity. However, most of the currently reported PEC PDs consist of sandwich‐like device structures, increasing the weight, volume, and complexity of the devices. Here, a planar interdigital electrode (IE) structure for high‐performance self‐powered PEC PDs for the first time is proposed. The CuO‐based IE PEC PDs achieve good photoresponse in the wide region of 365–850 nm with a high responsivity of 21.86 mA W−1 (455 nm irradiation), a fast response time (0.02/0.17 s), and good stability in artificial seawater. The good photoresponse is attributed to the promotion of interfacial electrochemical reaction kinetics and the accelerated charge transport by IE structure. Moreover, the CuO‐based IE PEC PDs show good UOC and underwater light imaging capability. Furthermore, the IE structure successfully applies in p‐Se and CuSe PEC PDs, demonstrating its good universality. The simpler structure and good photoresponse demonstrate that IE structure provides a new perspective for designing high‐performance, low‐cost, and self‐powered PEC PDs.
Dilute Sb Doping Yields Softer p‐Type Bi2Te3 Thermoelectrics
Authors: Chen Hung‐Wei , Chen Bo‐Chia , Wu Hsin‐Jay 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, the Sb content within p‐type Bi2Te3 by employing phase diagram engineering is strategically tuned. This method retains the advantages of Sb doping but mitigated the brittleness typically seen in high‐Sb Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 (BST). The as‐constructed phase diagram demonstrates the asymmetrical homogeneity of (Bi, Sb)2Te3, guiding focus toward developing an optimized p‐type (Bi2Te3)0.96(Sb2Te)0.04 with reduced Sb content. The resulting crystal of (Bi2Te3)0.96(Sb2Te)0.04 exhibit an exceptional peak zT of 1.3 at 303 K, surpassing the mechanical robustness of standard high‐Sb BST. Additionally, it matches the energy conversion efficiency of traditional BST, achieving 2.3% at a temperature difference ΔT of 150 K. This significant advance makes (Bi2Te3)0.96(Sb2Te)0.04 a potential competitor to the well‐established BST, thanks to its enhanced thermoelectric performance owing to the elevated carrier concentration and a less brittle nature due to the diluted Sb dopant.
Charting the Irreversible Degradation Modes of Low Bandgap Pb‐Sn Perovskite Compositions for De‐Risking Practical Industrial Development
Authors: Kamaraki Christina , Klug Matthew T. , Lim Vincent J.‐Y. , Zibouche Nourdine , Herz Laura M. , Islam M. Saiful , Case Christopher , Miranda Perez Laura 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe commercialization of a solar technology necessitates the fulfillment of specific requirements both regarding efficiency and stability to enter and gain space in the photovoltaic market. These aims are heavily dependent on the selection of suitable materials, which is critical for suppressing any reliability risks arising from inherent instabilities. Focusing on the absorber material, herein the most suitable low bandgap lead‐tin composition candidate for all‐perovskite tandem applications is investigated by studying their degradation mechanisms with both widely available and advanced characterization techniques. Three irreversible degradation processes are identified in narrow bandgap Pb‐Sn perovskite absorbers: 1) Tin (Sn) oxidation upon air exposure, 2) methylammonium (MA) loss upon heat exposure, and 3) formamidinium (FA) and cesium (Cs) segregation leading to impurity phase formation. From an industrial perspective, it is proposed to refocus attention on FASn0.5Pb0.5I3 which minimizes all three effects while maintaining a suitable bandgap for a bottom cell and good performance. Moreover, a practical and highly sensitive characterization method is proposed to monitor the oxidation, which can be deployed both in laboratory and industrial environments and provide useful information for the technological development process, including, the effectiveness of encapsulation methods, and the acceptable time windows for air exposure.
Cell‐Membrane Inspired Multifunctional Nanocoating for Rescuing the Active‐Material Microenvironment in High‐Capacity Sulfur Cathode
Authors: Feng Lanxiang , Yan Rui , Sun Xiao‐Rong , Zhu Zhiwei , Jia Weishang , Yan Xinxiu , Yang Yao‐Yue , Li Shuang , Fu Xuewei , Yang Wei , Wang Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAchieving healthy active‐material microenvironment (ME@AM) for stable and efficient electron/ion transport around each active‐material particle is crucial for high‐performance battery electrodes. However, this goal has been proved extremely challenging for most high‐capacity AMs such as sulfur, owing to its notable volume change and severe shuttle effect. Here, a multifunctional hybrid material with zein protein reinforced catalytic single Cu atom/carbon composite (Cu─C) (zein/Cu─C) is coated onto sulfur/carbon (SC) particle, to prepare the advanced zein/Cu─C@SC core–shell particle. Similar to the multifunctional cell membrane well‐known in biology, this multifunctional zein/Cu─C coating helps build a healthy and stable ME@AM within sulfur cathode. Specifically, it can simultaneously provide robust protective shell for the AM particle, adsorption and catalyst function to the dissolved polysulfides, and AM surface treatment to improve AM/conductive agent interface. All these functions are the keys to build and maintain a healthy ME@AM in sulfur cathode. This study not only brings effective solutions to the challenges in volume‐change high‐capacity sulfur active materials and beyond, but also helps achieve comprehensive understanding of the key factors controlling the structuring and final quality of ME@AM.
Effectiveness of exercise interventions on muscle mass among older adults with sarcopenic obesity: A scoping review
Authors: Janani S. , Sedhunivas R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA disease known as sarcopenic obesity is characterized by decreased lean body mass in conjunction with excessive amounts of adipose tissue. Skeletal muscle mass, also known as SMM, is responsible for the largest share of fat‐free mass in the body and plays an extremely vital role in the maintaining of metabolic health. Physical activity and exercise boosts the physiological health and overall quality of life of senior citizens. The objective of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of varied exercise interventions among the geriatric people with sarcopenic obesity. During the time period (2016–2023), a scoping review was undertaken using PubMed, orthopedic journals, and the Google Scholar database, and six literature evidences relating to the topic were discovered and subsequently analyzed. The study includes six randomized control trial publications that investigated the effectiveness and impact of exercise therapies on sarcopenic obesity. According to the pre and post‐test values found in the reviewed articles, we discovered that resistance exercise is more effective than aerobic or combination exercise therapies. In conclusion, according to this scoping analysis, resistance training is more effective than other types of exercise in improving muscle mass in older people with sarcopenic obesity.
Factors affecting Chinese consumers' beef purchase frequency
Authors: Dahal Bhishma R. , DeLong Karen L. , Gao Shijun , Grebitus Carola , Muhammad Andrew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChina is an emerging beef market and per capita consumption of beef increased by 48% in the past decade. Given the importance of the Chinese beef market to domestic beef producers as well as foreign beef exporters, we evaluated the factors associated with how often Chinese consumers purchase beef. Using a 2021 survey of 560 beef consumers in the cities of Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, we found that nearly 50% purchased beef at least two to three times a week. Results of an ordered probit regression suggest that respondents who purchase steak, flank, shank, and brisket are more likely to purchase beef more frequently than those who do not purchase those cuts of beef. Similarly, those who purchase beef more from wet markets and supermarkets, younger shoppers, and those with higher incomes were more likely to purchase beef more frequently. Respondents who considered country of origin and hormone‐free production to be important factors purchased beef more frequently. Consumers who thought price and premium quality grades were more important purchased beef less frequently. These findings provide insights for domestic and foreign beef producers regarding the factors associated with consumer preferences and their frequency of beef purchasing in China. [EconLit Citations: EconLit Citation: Q130, Q170].