bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial on-Orbit Results from the GOES-18 Spacecraft Science Magnetometer
Authors: Loto’aniu Paul T. M. , Davis A. , Jarvis A. , Grotenhuis M. , Rich F. J. , Califf S. , Inceoglu F. , Pacini A. , Singer H. J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-18, the latest spacecraft from the NOAA GOES-R satellite series, was launched March 1, 2022. As with the previous GOES-16 and GOES-17 satellites, GOES-18 monitors sources of space weather on the Sun and its effects at Earth. NOAA uses GOES data as part of the national space weather forecasts, warnings and alerts to many customers. GOES-18 hosts new magnetometers called the Goddard magnetometers (GMAG) that replace those (called MAG) built by a different vendor on GOES-16 and GOES-17. Like the other GOES satellites, the GOES-18 GMAG provides observations of the geomagnetic field at geostationary orbit (35,786 km), a location that often provides early indication of enhanced space weather activity. In this paper, we review the capabilities of the GOES-18 GMAG along with lessons learned from the GOES-16/17 MAGs. The GOES-R series magnetometer instrument includes two magnetometer sensors (inboard and outboard) mounted along a boom extended from the spacecraft. As with the previous magnetometers, the GMAG sensors are three-axis fluxgates sampling the geomagnetic field at 10 samples/second, with the data low-pass filtered with a 2.5 Hz cutoff. On-orbit analysis demonstrates that the GOES-18 GMAG is a highly stable instrument showing little variations between the inboard and outboard sensors either diurnally or over multiple days. A nearly 2.5 months collocation between GOES-18 and GOES-17 (136.8°W and 137.2°W) allowed direct cross-satellite comparisons that was unprecedented for GOES satellites. Differences between the on orbit performance of the GMAG and MAG sensors are attributed to thermal stability issues observed on the GOES-17 MAG (also observed on the GOES-16 MAG). The cross-satellite analysis during the collocation interval, along with inboard/outboard sensor comparisons and comparisons to models, suggests that the GOES-18 GMAG meets the NOAA mission requirement of $\pm 1$
±
1
nT accuracy, excluding arcjet firing periods. Arcjet firing periods were also excluded in performance analysis for GOES-16/17.
Thermodynamic Prediction of the Impact of Carbon on Bainite Formation, Including the BCT Transformation
Authors: Jacob Aurélie , Schuscha Bernd , Retzl Philipp , Shan Yao V. , Kozeschnik Ernst 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere exists strong experimental evidence that bainitic ferrite is formed as a supersaturated solid solution of carbon within a tetragonally-distorted body-centered iron structure (BCT), where carbon preferentially occupies the octahedral site. Despite this, the BCT structure has not yet been accounted for in the computational analysis of the thermodynamics of the bainite transformation. In the present work, we propose to calculate the onset of the bainite transformation based on the T0′ concept, including the effect of Zener-ordering. This mechanism stabilizes the BCT structure, makes it energetically more favorable than BCC and leads to a significantly higher solubility of C compared Fe-BCC. The computational predictions are made based on a recent reassessment of low-T Gibbs energies and finally compared to experiments. The important role of C is emphasized, with the Fe-C system used as a showcase.
BACNN: Multi-scale feature fusion-based bilinear attention convolutional neural network for wood NIR classification
Authors: Wan Zihao , Yang Hong , Xu Jipan , Mu Hongbo , Qi Dawei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEffective development and utilization of wood resources is critical. Wood modification research has become an integral dimension of wood science research, however, the similarities between modified wood and original wood render it challenging for accurate identification and classification using conventional image classification techniques. So, the development of efficient and accurate wood classification techniques is inevitable. This paper presents a one-dimensional, convolutional neural network (i.e., BACNN) that combines near-infrared spectroscopy and deep learning techniques to classify poplar, tung, and balsa woods, and PVA, nano-silica-sol and PVA-nano silica sol modified woods of poplar. The results show that BACNN achieves an accuracy of 99.3% on the test set, higher than the 52.9% of the BP neural network and 98.7% of Support Vector Machine compared with traditional machine learning methods and deep learning based methods; it is also higher than the 97.6% of LeNet, 98.7% of AlexNet and 99.1% of VGGNet-11. Therefore, the classification method proposed offers potential applications in wood classification, especially with homogeneous modified wood, and it also provides a basis for subsequent wood properties studies.
The governance technology for blockchain systems: a survey
Authors: Zhu Guocheng , He Debiao , An Haoyang , Luo Min , Peng Cong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAfter the Ethereum DAO attack in 2016, which resulted in significant economic losses, blockchain governance has become a prominent research area. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and systematic literature review on blockchain governance. To deeply understand the process of blockchain governance and provide guidance for the future design of the blockchain governance model, we provide an in-depth review of blockchain governance. In this paper, first we introduce the consensus algorithms currently used in blockchain and relate them to governance theory. Second, we present the main content of off-chain governance and investigate two well-known off-chain governance projects. Third, we investigate four common on-chain governance voting techniques, then summarize the seven attributes that the on-chain governance voting process should meet, and finally analyze four well-known on-chain governance blockchain projects based on the previous research. We hope this survey will provide an in-depth insight into the potential development direction of blockchain governance and device future research agenda.
Starting with Sustainability: Utilizing food Wastes as Nursery Feed for Black Solder Fly Neonates
Authors: Zhang Qi-Hui , Lee Nicole Li Ying , Unadirekkul Phira , Puniamoorthy Nalini 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith black soldier fly (BSF) larvae being recognized as effective waste convertors, the global market for BSF industry is projected to grow substantially in the coming decade. However, using non-waste materials in the bioconversion process increases the environmental footprint of the BSF industry [e.g.: chicken feed (CF) as primary neonatal nursery meal]. In this study, we first tested if industrial food wastes (i.e., okara, biscuit meal, dried fish, coconut.) can be substitute diets for BSF neonates. Next, we tested three formulated meals based on the nutritional properties of the well-performing nursery diets from the first test/previous literatures. In the first test, we observed significant differences in neonatal growth when food wastes were directly used as nursery meals, and the initial weight of neonates influenced the development time of the larvae, with smaller neonates exhibiting prolonged larval duration. In contrast, the formulated meals performed well in promoting the growth of neonates, and the larval development showed no significant difference by day eight in the post-nursery rearing. In summary, our findings indicate that by meeting specific nutritional requirements, formulated diets made from industrial food waste could serve as a viable replacement for CF as nursery meals, resulting in a significant boost in the sustainability of the BSF industry.
Graphical Abstract
Air Pollution and Lung Cancer: Contributions of Extracellular Vesicles as Pathogenic Mechanisms and Clinical Utility
Authors: González-Ruíz Jonathan , A.Baccarelli Andrea , Cantu-de-Leon David , Prada Diddier 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review addresses the pressing issue of air pollution’s threat to human health, focusing on its connection to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development. The aim is to explore the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potential pathogenic mechanisms in lung cancer, including NSCLC, induced by air pollutants.

Recent Findings
Recent research highlights EVs as vital mediators of intercellular communication and key contributors to cancer progression. Notably, this review emphasizes the cargo of EVs released by both cancerous and non-cancerous lung cells, shedding light on their potential role in promoting various aspects of tumor development.

Summary
The review underscores the importance of comprehending the intricate interplay between air pollution, biological damage mechanisms, and EV-mediated communication during NSCLC development. Major takeaways emphasize the significance of this understanding in addressing air pollution-related lung cancer. Future research avenues are also highlighted, aiming to enhance the applicability of EVs for diagnosis and targeted therapies, ultimately mitigating the inevitable impact of air pollution on NSCLC development and treatment.
A Thermodynamics Model for the Assessment and Optimisation of Onboard Natural Gas Reforming and Carbon Capture
Authors: Law Li Chin , Mastorakos Epaminondas , Othman Mohd. Roslee , Trakakis Antonis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The paper examines pre-combustion carbon capture technology (PreCCS) for liquefied natural gas (LNG) propelled shipping from thermodynamics and energy efficiency perspectives. Various types of LNG reformers and CCS units are considered. The steam methane reformer (SMR) was found to be 20% more energy efficient than autothermal (ATR) and methane pyrolysis (MPR) reactors. Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) had a lower energy requirement than membrane separation (MEM), cryogenic separation (CS), and amine absorption (AA) in pre-combustion carbon capture, with PSA needing 0.18 kWh/kg CO2. An integrated system combining SMR and PSA was proposed using waste heat recovery (WHR) from the engine, assuming similar efficiency for LNG and H2 operation, and cooling and liquefying of the CO2 by the LNG. The SMR-PSA system without WHR had an overall efficiency of 33.4% (defined as work at the propeller divided by the total LNG energy consumption). This was improved to 41.7% with WHR and gave a 65% CO2 emission reduction. For a higher CO2 reduction, CCS from the SMR heater could additionally be employed, giving a maximum CO2 removal rate of 86.2% with 39% overall energy efficiency. By comparison, an amine-based post-engine CCS system without reforming could reach similar CO2 removal rates but with 36.6% overall efficiency. The advantages and disadvantages and technology readiness level of PreCCS for onboard operation are discussed. This study offers evidence that pre-combustion CCS can be a serious contender for maritime propulsion decarbonization.

Graphical Abstract
Deleterious effect of LiCl on honeybee (Aphis mellifera) grubs and no effect on Varroa mites (Varroa destructor) under normal beekeeping management
Authors: Demeter Imre , Sárospataki Miklós , Zsigmond Andreea R. , Lajos Károly , Balog Adalbert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA 2-year field experiment was performed to test lithium chloride, LiCl, application in a normal beekeeping management system. The effect of LiCl on bee larval mortality, beehive weight (honey production) and Varroa mite mortality were tested. Spectrometric quantification of Li on honey and the larval body were made to test the effectiveness of the presence of LiCl. Li was detected in bee larval bodies and in honey over 2 years, from 2018 to 2019. According to the results, no effect of LiCl on mite mortality or bee larval mortality was detected in the first year of application. By assessing the weight variation of beehives, only one LiCl-treated hive showed a significantly higher weight, whereas no other differences were detected between treatments and control. The same trend seen in 2018 was repeated in 2019, while a total bee larval mortality was observed after the first LiCl application, and still no differences in Varroa mite mortality were observed. According to these results, it was concluded that LiCl has no effect on Varroa mite mortality during normal beekeeping practice; furthermore, the recommended amount of treatment (25 mM) had a lethal effect (i.e., total mortality) on larvae following repeated applications.
Characterization of a C12A7 electride plasma-based cathode using different keeper orifice sizes
Authors: Drobny Christian , Tajmar Martin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor the operation of electric propulsion systems in space, efficient electron sources are crucial components. Hollow cathodes have been established for many applications since they allow sufficient current ranges at reasonable power requirements and have been proven to operate for several thousands of hours. New approaches are being evaluated to improve these cathodes’ general performance. This publication presents an extended characteristic of a heaterless plasma-based cathode using the emitter material C12A7 electride. The focus is on the relationship between the discharge potential and total discharge power over the discharge current. Furthermore, a characteristic of the discharge performance at lower mass flow rates is presented and discussed. The discharge potential is generally quite constant for a wide range of discharge currents, typical in the range of 30 V and only increases steeply for low discharge current ranges. Successful heaterless ignition and stable operation have been achieved down to 2 sccm krypton flow rate.
Innovative drugs promote precision cancer therapy
Authors: Huang Xuan , Zhu Mengxuan , Chen Ruoxue , Ni Junjie , Zhao Wenrui , Li Song , Lu Xiaoling , Jiao Heng , Cao Xin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTargeted therapy has fundamentally altered the diagnosis and treatment of clinical cancers. By focusing on chromosomal abnormalities and various indications of cancer, these medications have paved the way for the precise treatment of malignant tumors. In addition to markedly reversing the status quo of reliance on radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, these drugs have radically transformed the clinical treatment of advanced malignant tumors and became the leading candidates in the fight against cancer. Significant advancements in new targeted medications, including small molecules (e.g., KRASG12C inhibitors), bispecific antibodies, antibody drug conjugates, and cellular immunotherapy, are due to the advent of new technology and treatments. Notably, numerous difficulties have been encountered, although each medicine class has its own unique benefits and drawbacks. To serve as a key summary for the development of new treatment options for precision cancer medicine recently, this review aimed to summarize the most recent anti-tumor revolutionary medications with significant prospective therapeutic advantages.
Umbrella strategy with systemic and intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter, randomized Phase III clinical trial
Authors: Yang Yang , Wei Jia , Du Juan , Zou Zhengyun , Wei Rongfu , Zhang Fenglin , Shen Weisheng , Lu Xiyan , Sun Sanyuan , Li Xiaoqin , Nie Chunlan , Chen Gang , Yu Lixia , Qian Hanqing , Yang Yan , Liu Qin , Shen Jie , Wang Lifeng , Xing Yajun , Cui Fangbo , Shi Jianmin , Xi Lei , Deng Lichun , Cao Xiangmin , Zhu Qing , Yuan Yuan , Cheng Meilian , Xu Hui , Yuan Ling , Guo Miaomiao , Wang Meng , Gao Changyan , Qian Xiaoping , Guan Wenxian , Liu Baorui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
We have developed a tridirectional regimen combining intraperitoneal, intravenous, and oral chemotherapy as a treatment for patients with advanced gastric cancer and individualized these chemotherapeutics according to mRNA expression. This multicenter Phase III umbrella study compared the efficacy and safety of individualized tridirectional intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy with that of standard systemic chemotherapy.

Methods
BRCA1/TOPO1 mRNA expression was examined in all enrolled patients. The patients were then randomized in a ratio of 3:1 to an individualized arm and a control arm. Patients in the control arm received systemic intravenous/oral chemotherapy, whereas those in the individualized arm received sensitive chemotherapeutics selected from oxaliplatin/cisplatin/docetaxel/irinotecan/S-1 according to their BRCA1/TOPO1 mRNA expression and received individualized tridirectional intraperitoneal/intravenous/oral chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival and the secondary endpoints were response rate, overall survival, and safety.

Results
Overall, 233 of 240 patients enrolled between August 2014 and December 2016 were included in the efficacy analysis. Baseline patient characteristics were balanced between the two arms. The objective response rate was 33.9% in the control arm and 49.1% in the individualized arm (P = 0.039). In the control and individualized arms, median progression-free survival was 5.9 months and 8.0 months, respectively (hazard ratio 0.521, 95% confidence interval 0.362–0.750, P = 0.0005) and median overall survival was 13.5 months and 16.4 months, respectively (hazard ratio 0.684, 95% confidence interval 0.474–0.988, P = 0.0430). Both regimens were tolerable.

Conclusion
The primary analysis demonstrated the statistical superiority of this tridirectional individualized regimen and suggests that this regimen has clinical efficacy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) Identifier: ChiCTR-IPR-15006201.
The role of innate immune cells as modulators of the tumor microenvironment in the metastasis and treatment of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhu Tianyi , Wu Xiuqi , Liao Yuan , Yan Yidan , Yu Minhao , Wang Liwei , Xia Qing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive disease, which is often diagnosed late. Consequently, metastasis is common among newly diagnosed patients, leading to a poor prognosis and high mortality rates. The tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer, which comprises pancreatic cancer cells, stromal cells, and immune cells, as well as a multitude of extracellular components, plays a pivotal role in cancer progression and metastasis. Conventional immunotherapies focused on targeting the adaptive immune response have achieved suboptimal outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer. Thus, the focus has shifted toward targeting innate immune cells, which can infiltrate the pancreatic tumor and contribute to the development and maintenance of the immunosuppressive microenvironment to promote tumor growth and metastasis. This review focuses on the roles of innate immune cells and their interactions in the shaping of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to promote the metastasis of pancreatic cancer. In addition, we review strategies that target innate immune cells to remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and improve the prognosis of pancreatic cancer.
Shorter Reperfusion Time in Stroke is Associated with Better Cognition
Authors: Costa Novo Joana , Rieffel Evelyne , Velarde Guillermo Coca , Costa Francisca , Barros Pedro , Veloso Miguel , Costa Henrique , Paredes Ludovina , Gregório Tiago , Rodrigues Marta , Calvão-Pires Pedro , Campolargo Ana , Battistella Valéria 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT:Background:Cognitive changes that result from cerebrovascular disease contribute to a poor functional outcome with reduced quality of life. Among patients undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT), we aim to assess cognitive function and evaluate the impact of reperfusion time in cognitive performance.Methods:Patients with acute right anterior circulation strokes that underwent EVT between January 2018 and August 2020 at Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, participated in the study. Modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) assessed the level of recanalization. Cognitive evaluation was assessed with Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination revised (ACE-R). Multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the association between time for recanalization and ACE-R. The level of significance adopted was 0.05.Results:The mean age of participants was 71.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 62.0–78.2) years, and 50% (22) were women. The median time after stroke was 28.6 months (IQR 18.94–31.55). All patients in our sample had a successful level of recanalization with EVT (mTICI ≥ 2b). Time for recanalization showed an inverse association with the ACE-R (b = −0.0207, P = 0.0203). Also the mRS at 3 months had an inverse association with cognition (b = −5.2803, p = 0.0095). Level of education had a strong and direct relationship with ACE-R results (b = 3.0869, p < 0.0001).Conclusions:Longer time between stroke symptoms and recanalization with EVT in patients with right hemisphere ischemic stroke lead to lower ACE-R scores. Measures to improve door-to-recanalization time are also important for cognitive performance after ischemic stroke.
A novel filtering method for geodetically determined ocean surface currents using deep learning
Authors: Gibbs Laura , Bingham Rory J. , Paiement Adeline 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Determining an accurate picture of ocean currents is an important societal challenge for oceanographers, aiding our understanding of the vital role currents play in regulating Earth’s climate, and in the dispersal of marine species and pollutants, including microplastics. The geodetic approach, which combines satellite observations of sea level and Earth’s gravity, offers the only means to estimate the dominant geostrophic component of these currents globally. Unfortunately, however, geodetically-determined geostrophic currents suffer from high levels of contamination in the form of geodetic noise. Conventional approaches use isotropic spatial filters to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, though this results in high levels of attenuation. Hence, the use of deep learning to improve the geodetic determination of the ocean currents is investigated. Supervised machine learning typically requires clean targets from which to learn. However, such targets do not exist in this case. Therefore, a training dataset is generated by substituting clean targets with naturally smooth climate model data and generative machine learning networks are employed to replicate geodetic noise, providing noisy input and clean target pairs. Prior knowledge of the geodetic noise is exploited to develop a more realistic training dataset. A convolutional denoising autoencoder (CDAE) is then trained on these pairs. The trained CDAE model is then applied to unseen real geodetic ocean currents. It is demonstrated that our method outperforms conventional isotropic filtering in a case study of four key regions: the Gulf Stream, the Kuroshio Current, the Agulhas Current, and the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence Zone.