bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermented biofertilizer from banana fruit waste: It’s role in the Integrated Nutrient Management System for Abelmoschus esculentus (Ladies Finger) vegetative growth
Authors: Hepsibha B. Thendral , B Lavanya , P Jayanthi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAgronomic practices using organic manure to restore soil fertility and increase crop yield are the need of the hour. Recycling organic wastes into biofertilizers is a nutrient recovery strategy in waste management. Banana waste (peels and pulp) was converted into biofertilizer using cow’s urine and cow dung. The inclusion of organic biofertilizer along with chemical fertilizer forms the Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) concept, which aids in the increment of crop yield and the quality of soil properties. Taking the aforementioned information into consideration, a pot research was carried out to evaluate the impact of the nutrient management system on the growth ofAbelmoschus esculentus(Ladies finger), a vegetable of economic importance and the NPK status of the soil. Four treatments were included in the experimental design: Group 1- water control; Group 2 - Recommended dose of Chemical Fertilizer (RDCF) -NPK (120–60–80 kg ha–1); Group 3 − 1:100 diluted Fermented Biofertilizer made from Banana Fruit Waste (FB-BW); and Group 4–50% (RDCF + FB-BW) integrated nutrient management (INM). Among the different treatments, the ladies finger plant height, leaf area, stem girth and lateral root growth have increased and well developed when FB-BW and chemical fertilizer are combined. Along with soil macronutrients,Abelmoschus esculentusleaf photosynthetic pigment levels and protein content improved in Group 4. Thus, the combined application of chemical fertilizer and fermented banana fruit waste could enhance the soil quality and productivity ofAbelmoschus esculentus(ladies finger).
Reproducibility and relative validity of a flavonoid-focused food frequency questionnaire for Chinese adults
Authors: Zeng Jing , Zhang Wanyi , Meng Chengji , Chao Hong , Liu Jinghua , Dong Zheng , Cheng Yu , Liu Jicheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: In recent years, an increasing amount of evidence from nutritional epidemiological studies has revealed an association between flavonoid intake and noncommunicable diseases. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is the most cost-effective method of assessing the dietaryflavonoidintake of both groups and individuals. However, only a few studies in China have developed tailored FFQs to describe dietary flavonoid intake. Therefore, this study aims to develop a flavonoid-focused FFQ for Chinese adults and to assess its relative validity and reproducibility.
Method: We assessed the intake of representativefoods of the Chinese diet using the flavonoid-focused FFQ, which includes 12 food categories and 147 items. We invited 100 healthy adults to complete the flavonoid-focused FFQ twice (at a one-month interval) to assess the reproducibility of the tool. To assess the validity of the questionnaire, we asked 85 adults to complete the flavonoid-focused FFQ once and to complete three 24-hour dietary recall (24HDR) questionnaires for one week.
Results: The reproducibility assessment showed that except for pelargonidin, there were no significant differences in flavonoid intakes between the two FFQ administrations. The Spearman correlation coefficients for nutrients, flavonoid subclasses, and their primary compounds ranged from 0.501 to 0.910, indicating excellent/moderate correlations. The energy-adjusted correlations were within the recommended range for all items. The ICCs ranged from 0.780 to 0.953, and the mean kappa coefficient (Kw) was 0.539. Validity assessment showed that 8 of 19 primary flavonoid compounds had higher intake levels on the FFQ than on the 24HDR. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that almost all flavonoid subclasses and primary flavonoid compounds had excellent/moderate correlation coefficients, with the exception of delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, and apigenin. The energy-adjusted intakes showed slightly stronger agreement between the two tools, but this difference did not change the conclusions. The level of agreement (the same tertile) between the flavonoid-focused FFQ and the 24HDR ranged from 41.18% (pelargonidin and apigenin) to 77.65% (total flavonoids). Kw displayed substantial/moderate concordance of nutrients and flavonoid subclass intake and a fair to moderate concordance in almost all primary flavonoid compounds. Only malvidin, pelargonidin, and apigenin had weak concordance.
Conclusion: The flavonoid-focused FFQ developed herein exhibited satisfactory reliability and validity for assessing the intake of most flavonoid subclasses and their primary compounds among Chinese adults. It can be used as a tool to investigate the relationship of flavonoid intake with health- and disease-related outcomes.
Fetal growth restriction exhibits various mTOR signaling in different regions of mouse placentas with altered lipid metabolism
Authors: Dong Jie , Xu Qian , Qian Chen , Wang Lu , DiSciullo Alison , Lei Jun , Lei Hui , Yan Song , Wang Jingjing , Jin Ni , Xiong Yujing , Zhang Jianhua , Burd Irina , Wang Xiaohong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common complication of pregnancy and can have significant impact on obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Increasing evidence has shown that the inhibited mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in placenta is associated with FGR. However, interpretation of existing research is limited due to inconsistent methodologies and varying understanding of the mechanism by which mTOR activity contributes to FGR. Hereby, we have demonstrated that different anatomic zones of human and mouse placentas exhibited different levels of mTOR activity in normal compared to FGR pregnancies. When using the rapamycin-induced FGR mouse model, we found that placentas of FGR pregnancies exhibited abnormal morphological changes and reduced mTOR activity in the decidual-junctional zone. Using transcriptomics and lipidomics, we revealed that lipid and energy metabolism was significantly disrupted in the placentas of FGR mice. Finally, we demonstrated that maternal physical exercise during gestation in our FGR mouse model was associated with increased fetal and placental weight as well as increased placental mTOR activity and lipid metabolism. Collectively, our data indicate that the inhibited placental mTOR signaling contributes to FGR by disrupting lipid metabolism in different anatomical regions of mouse placentas, and maternal exercise could be an effective method to reduce the occurrence of FGR or alleviate the adverse outcomes associated with FGR.
Influence of different factors on coseismic deformation of the 2015 Mw7.8 earthquake in Nepal
Authors: Wu Rui , Dong Xibin , Xia Bo , Wang Weisi , She Xiayu , Chu Ziming 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In Geophysics, topographic factors are observations that can be directly measured, but they are often ignored to simplify the model. Studying the coseismic deformation caused by earthquakes is helps to accurately determining the parameterization of the epicenter and providing a reference for the reasonable layout of coseismic observation stations and GNSS observation stations. After the Mw7.8 earthquake in Nepal in 2015, GCMT, USGS, GFZ, CPPT, and other institutions released their epicenter parameter. However, according to their parameters, the coseismic displacements simulated by the spectral-element method are quite different from the GNSS observations. Firstly, this paper inverts the geometric parameters of the seismogenic fault with Nepal’s coseismic GNSS displacement. The spectral-element method determines the source's location and depth under the heterogeneous terrain and outputs the source parameters. Among the results of many studies, the surface source is more consistent with the generation mechanism of large earthquakes. Secondly, this paper calculates the fault slip distribution of this earthquake using SDM(Steepest Descent Method) based on GNSS and InSAR data, which is divided into 1500 subfaults and the moment tensor of each subfault is calculated. This paper studies the distribution characteristics of the coseismic deformation field of the Mw7.8 earthquake in Nepal in 2015 under homogeneous terrain, and heterogeneous terrain. The results show that the influence of only homogeneous terrain factors is ~ 20%. This paper believes that the influence of the undulating terrain on the calculation of coseismic deformation cannot be ignored.
Using Moment Tensor Inversions for Rapid Seismic Source Detection and Characterization: Application to the North Korean Nuclear Tests
Authors: TRILLA Aurélie GUILHEM , CANO Yoann 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The rapid detection and source characterization of any type of seismic events including nuclear explosions is one of the major objectives for national data centres (NDC) and seismological laboratories. Most often, the used techniques are based on phase picking and amplitude measurements for detecting and locating events, and for estimating magnitudes. From these parameters, event screening is then done empirically, and this may lead to misinterpretations of the source nature. However, it is known that seismic waveform inversion for the determination of the moment tensor has been proven as a reliable source physics-based method for event characterization. Here, we present a technique already used for earthquake monitoring in tectonically active regions, and we test it on the seismicity recorded in the vicinity of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), and in particular on the DPRK nuclear explosions. From a grid of potential locations and by scanning continuous seismic waveforms, it is possible to implement a rapid detector of seismic events providing the full information of the sources (origin time, location, magnitude, mechanism). We show its overall performances on all past DPRK nuclear tests and regional earthquakes. From such approach fast event screening is achieved and source uncertainties can be estimated.
The Effect of Tax Rate Change on Inversions by Multinational Enterprises in the United States
Authors: Taklalsingh Ravi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Inversions are major international tax issues for tax administrators and multinational enterprises (MNEs) as MNEs shift profit from high-tax to low-tax countries to minimize their global effective tax rate. These inversions determine the residency and consequent withholding tax (WHT) liabilities and reporting of income of associated enterprises in different tax jurisdictions. This study addressed five research questions with the first examining the difference in the reporting of WHT and the next four examined the difference in the reporting of total U.S.-Source income as well as its components including dividends, interest, and rent/royalties in respect of WHT collections, before and after the 2017 U.S. CIT tax rate reduction. Analyzing data from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service suggest that after the updated legislation, the WHT collections increases on payment to non-residents in respect to all countries other than tax havens. Also, there were significant increases in total U.S.-Source Income as well as the dividends and rent/royalties components but a significant decrease in the interest component in respect of WHT collections on payment to non-residents for all countries other than tax havens. Alternatively, there was a significant increase in the interest component in respect of WHT collections on payment to non-residents for tax havens. These results do not support shifting of residency back to the US but increased residency and transactions’ value to countries other than tax havens as well as the shifting of the value of loans from countries other than tax havens to tax havens.
A Machine Learning Model for Predicting Phishing Websites
Authors: Boussi Grace Odette , Gupta Himanshu , Hossain Syed Akhter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are various types of cybercrime, and hackers often target specific ones for different reasons, such as financial gain, recognition, or even revenge. Cybercrimes can occur anywhere in the world, as the location of both the victim and the criminal is not a limiting factor. Different countries may have different common types of cybercrime, influenced by factors such as the country's economic situation, level of internet activity, and overall development. Phishing is a prevalent type of cybercrime in the financial sector, regardless of the country's circumstances. While the phishing techniques used in developed countries may differ from those in developing countries, the impact remains the same, resulting in financial losses. In our work, a dataset consisting of 48 features extracted from 5,000 phishing webpages and 5,000 legitimate webpages was used to predict whether a website is phishing or not, achieving an accuracy of 98%.
A Computational Framework to Model Tissue Response During Subcutaneous Injections
Authors: Sharma Paramveer , Gajula Kishore , Dingari Naga Neehar , Gupta Rakesh , Gopal Sharath , Rai Beena , Iacocca Ronald G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Subcutaneous injections are commonly used to deliver drugs such as insulin and hormones. However, drug absorption shows significant inter-patient variability and intra-patient variability (with injection-site). Animal models, which are used to characterize this variability, have limitations due to differences between the structural and mechanical properties of human and animal skin. A robust in-silico framework that can predict the response of human tissue to subcutaneous injections can overcome these limitations. We present a finite element (FE) modelling framework to model subcutaneous drug delivery, that consists of two parts a) damage mechanics of skin due to needle insertion and b) coupled fluid flow and deformation of the subcutaneous space during drug delivery. An anisotropic and viscoelastic constitutive model for subcutaneous tissue was implemented and model parameters were estimated from bench-top testing of cadaveric human skin. The framework considers anisotropy in the mechanical and poroelastic transport properties to mimic the properties of human skin. In addition, our model also considers mechanical damage due to fluid-pressure during drug delivery. Deformation and stress state from needle insertion model are imported as an initial conditions into the poroelastic model. This integration of an anisotropic-viscoelastic constitutive model, damage mechanics and pore fracture represent a novel approach to capture the complex physics of subcutaneous injection. This model was used to investigate the influence of various subcutaneous injection parameters (flowrate, viscosity etc) on the subcutaneous drug transport. This model can be used to inform the design of novel delivery systems such as large volume injectors.
Particle Swarm Optimization-based Inversion of HVSR Measurement for Estimating Sediment Thickness in Paleovolcanoes around Bakauheni
Authors: Zaenudin Ahmad , Fajriyanto Fajriyanto , Farduwin Alhada , Darmawan I Gede Boy , Karyanto Karyanto 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In the geotechnical field, determining the thickness of the sediment layer is very important. The thickness of the sediment layer can provide invaluable information in the planning and design of building structures, infrastructure, and other construction projects. Bakauheni is an area that has many calderas and ancient volcanic deposits from the Pliocene - Holocene era. It is fascinating to study how thick the sediment layers are in the area. We used 64 Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) measurement points to determine the thickness of the sediment layer and how it correlates with the presence of an ancient caldera in the Bakauheni area. Next, to obtain a 1D shear wave velocity model (Vs), an inversion process was carried out using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The inversion results show that the average Vs value in the study area is around ~ 600 m/s. This value is relatively high for a sedimentary layer, which indicates that the sedimentary layer has started to become dense and compact or consists of a layer of weathered bedrock. Based on the results of calculating the average HVSR curve, a natural frequency (fo) value of 15.12 Hz was obtained. Assuming an average Vs of the sediment layer of 600 m/s, the sediment thickness is estimated at 9.92 meters. This result shows an excellent correlation with the median value of sediment thickness calculated at 64 measurement points, which is 10.55 meters. The minimum and maximum sediment thickness in the study area was 4.39 and 103.57 meters, with an average sediment thickness reaching 18.22 meters. From these results, we conclude that the thickness of the sediment layer in the Bakauheni area ranges from 10–18 meters. The thickest sediment layers (> 30 meters) are associated with the presence of calderas and low topography. It shows that a relatively thick layer of sediment covered the ancient caldera. Based on the results obtained, the HVSR method provides quite good results in determining sediment thickness to identify the presence of a caldera. However, it should be noted that Vs values may vary throughout the study area, depending on the nature and composition of the sedimentary rocks present. Therefore, further interpretation and research are needed to understand more deeply the nature and characteristics of the sediment layers in the study area.
Tidal calibration of the Gladwin Tensor Strain Monitor (GTSM) array in Taiwan
Authors: Mandler Eugenio , Canitano Alexandre , Belardinelli Maria Elina , Nespoli Massimo , Serpelloni Enrico , Linde Alan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To ensure the accuracy and reliability of crustal strain measures, sensors require a thorough calibration. In Taiwan, the complicated dynamics of surface and subsurface hydrological processes under semi-tropical climate conditions conjugated with the rough surface topography could have impacted strainmeter deployment, pushing the installation conditions astray from the optimal ones. Here, we analyze the complex response of 11 Gladwin Strain Monitor (GTSM) strainmeter type deployed in north and central Taiwan and we propose a novel calibration methodology which relies on waveform modeling of Earth and ocean tidal strain-related deformations. The approach is completely data-driven, starting from a simple calibration framework and progressively adding complexity in the model depending on the quality of the data. However, we show that a simple quasi-isotropic model (3 calibration factors) is generally suitable to resolve the orientation and calibration of 8 instruments out of 11. We also highlight the difficulty of clearly defining the behavior of instruments that are highly affected by hydrological forcing. Overall, despite the efforts required for their installation and calibration, we believe that borehole strainmeters can benefit research in a wide range of geophysical processes in Taiwan and in other active regions.
Survey on the plastic biliary stent in the management of large or multiple common bile duct stone
Authors: Ebrahimi Pouyan , Kamrani Ali , Pakdaman Kimia , Kamrani Ghodsieh , Shirvani Javad Shokri , Abedi Seyed Hassan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction: One of the common treatments for patients with multiple or large gallstones is ERCP and biliary stent placement. In some of these patients, the biliary stent loses its function. Therefore, we designed this study to identify practical factors in treatment failure with the plastic biliary stent.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2018-2019 on patients undergoing ERCP in Rouhani Babol Hospital. The information was obtained before the procedure, and the patients were monitored in the hospital for 24 hours afterward. After discharge, they were followed up twice (6-8 weeks and 12-16 weeks later) to check the need for ERCP and possible complications.
Results: Among the 70 examined patients, the success rate of the plastic biliary stent was 88.6 percent. Stent failure was more in patients with larger stone sizes (P=0.001) and longer duration of ERCP (P=0.04). In regression analysis, body mass index (BMI) (P=0.02) and stone size (P=0.04) were identified as risk factors for the probability of stenting failure.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the common bile duct stenting method has a high success rate. Also, the plastic biliary stent failed more in patients with larger stone sizes and high BMI.
Solar Soft X-ray Irradiance Variability, III: MagneticField Variations of Coronal X-ray Features
Authors: Kariyappa Rangaiah , Adithya H.N. , Masuda Satoshi , Kusano Kanya , Imada Shinsuke , Zender Joe , Dame Luc , DeLuca Edward , Weber Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The magnetic field changes the radiative output of the Sun and is the mainsource for all the solar surface features. To study the role of the underlyingphotospheric magnetic field in relation to emission features observed in thesolar corona, we have used the full-disk soft X-ray images from Hinode/X-RayTelescope (Hinode/XRT) and the magnetograms obtained from Helioseismic andMagnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) for aperiod of about 13 years (May 2010 – June 2023), which covers the Solar Cycle24. A sophisticated and established algorithm developed in Python is appliedto the X-ray observations from Hinode/XRT to segment the different coronal
Identification of somatic mutational landscape across Indian breast cancer cases by whole exome sequencing.
Authors: Tanwar Pranay , Kumar Rahul , Awasthi Supriya , Pradhan Dibyabhaba , Kumar Rakesh , Goel Harsh , Singh Jay , Haider Imran , Agrawal Usha , Deo SVS , Kumar Chitresh , Srivast Anurag , Bhatnagar Amar , Kumar Rakesh , Mathew Aleyamma , S Lakshmi , Augustine Paul , Gogia Ajay , Mathur Sandeep , Ranjan Amar , Chopra Anita , Gandhi Tanvir , Rath Goura Kishor , Hussain Showket , Batra Atul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) has emerged as the most common malignancy among females. The genomic profile of BC is diverse in nature and complex due to heterogeneity among various geographically different ethnic groups. The primary objective of this study was to carry out a comprehensive mutational analysis of Indian BC cases by performing whole exome sequencing (WES). The cohort included patients with a median age of 48 years. TTN, TP53, MUC16, SYNE1 and OBSCN were the frequently altered genes found in our cohort. The PIK3CA and KLC3 genes are driver genes implicated in various cellular functions and cargo transportation through microtubules, respectively. Except for CCDC168 and PIK3CA, several gene pairings were found to be significantly linked with co-occurrence. Irrespective of their hormonal receptor status, RTK/RAS was observed with frequently altered signaling pathways. Further analysis of the mutational signature revealed that SBS13, SBS6, and SBS29 were mainly observed in our cohort. This study supplements the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers and provides new therapeutic options for the improved management of BC.