bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma dicing before grinding process for highly reliable singulation of low-profile and large die sizes in advanced packages
Authors: Kim Keunhoi , Park Jongcheol , Kim Kyoungmin , Kim TaeHyun , Kwon SooHyun , Na Yeeun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe demand for advanced packaging is driven by the need for low-profile, densely-integrated, large-die Si devices in substrate-based or wafer-level packaging. Die strength is a critical parameter for ultrathin dies, making die singulation a vital aspect of advanced packaging technology. In this work, we present a dicing before grinding (DBG) process to compare and analyze die strengths using a mechanical blade, stealth laser, and plasma dicing. The three DBG processes were applied to a 200 mm silicon (Si) wafer process with a die size of 10 × 10 mm2 and thicknesses of 100, 200, and 300 μm, respectively. Optical and electron microscopes were employed to investigate chipping quality, sidewall damage, and surface contamination. The bare Si die’s strength was assessed using a three-point bending test. Plasma dicing before grinding (PDBG) resulted in less contamination, chipping, and cracking compared to other DBG processes. Furthermore, PDBG exhibited the highest die strength of 1052 Pa.
Who are those random responders on your survey? The case of the TIMSS 2015 student questionnaire
Authors: Chen Jianan , van Laar Saskia , Braeken Johan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA general validity and survey quality concern with student questionnaires under low-stakes assessment conditions is that some responders will not genuinely engage with the questionnaire, often with more random response patterns as a result. Using a mixture IRT approach and a meta-analytic lens across 22 educational systems participating in TIMSS 2015, we investigated whether the prevalence of random responders on six scales regarding students’ engagement and attitudes toward mathematics and sciences was a function of grade, gender, socio-economic status, spoken language at home, or migration background. Among these common policy-relevant covariates in educational research, we found support for small group differences in prevalence of random responders ($${\text {OR}}\ge 1.22$$

OR
≥
1.22

) (average prevalence of 7%). In general, being a student in grade 8 (vs. grade 4), being male, reporting to have fewer books, or speaking a language different from the test language at home were all risk factors characterizing random responders. The expected generalization and implications of these findings are discussed based on the observed heterogeneity across educational systems and consistency across questionnaire scales.
Microbial-derived salt-tolerant proteases and their applications in high-salt traditional soybean fermented foods: a review
Authors: Yao Hongli , Liu Shuangping , Liu Tiantian , Ren Dongliang , Zhou Zhilei , Yang Qilin , Mao Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDifferent microorganisms can produce different proteases, which can adapt to different industrial requirements such as pH, temperature, and pressure. Salt-tolerant proteases (STPs) from microorganisms exhibit higher salt tolerance, wider adaptability, and more efficient catalytic ability under extreme conditions compared to conventional proteases. These unique enzymes hold great promise for applications in various industries including food, medicine, environmental protection, agriculture, detergents, dyes, and others. Scientific studies on microbial-derived STPs have been widely reported, but there has been little systematic review of microbial-derived STPs and their application in high-salt conventional soybean fermentable foods. This review presents the STP-producing microbial species and their selection methods, and summarizes and analyzes the salt tolerance mechanisms of the microorganisms. It also outlines various techniques for the isolation and purification of STPs from microorganisms and discusses the salt tolerance mechanisms of STPs. Furthermore, this review demonstrates the contribution of modern biotechnology in the screening of novel microbial-derived STPs and their improvement in salt tolerance. It highlights the potential applications and commercial value of salt-tolerant microorganisms and STPs in high-salt traditional soy fermented foods. The review ends with concluding remarks on the challenges and future directions for microbial-derived STPs. This review provides valuable insights into the separation, purification, performance enhancement, and application of microbial-derived STPs in traditional fermented foods.
Graphical Abstract
Explainability of random survival forests in predicting conversion risk from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Sarica Alessia , Aracri Federica , Bianco Maria Giovanna , Arcuri Fulvia , Quattrone Andrea , Quattrone Aldo ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2023

AbstractRandom Survival Forests (RSF) has recently showed better performance than statistical survival methods as Cox proportional hazard (CPH) in predicting conversion risk from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, RSF application in real-world clinical setting is still limited due to its black-box nature.For this reason, we aimed at providing a comprehensive study of RSF explainability with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) on biomarkers of stable and progressive patients (sMCI and pMCI) from Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. We evaluated three global explanations—RSF feature importance, permutation importance and SHAP importance—and we quantitatively compared them with Rank-Biased Overlap (RBO). Moreover, we assessed whether multicollinearity among variables may perturb SHAP outcome. Lastly, we stratified pMCI test patients in high, medium and low risk grade, to investigate individual SHAP explanation of one pMCI patient per risk group.We confirmed that RSF had higher accuracy (0.890) than CPH (0.819), and its stability and robustness was demonstrated by high overlap (RBO > 90%) between feature rankings within first eight features. SHAP local explanations with and without correlated variables had no substantial difference, showing that multicollinearity did not alter the model. FDG, ABETA42 and HCI were the first important features in global explanations, with the highest contribution also in local explanation. FAQ, mPACCdigit, mPACCtrailsB and RAVLT immediate had the highest influence among all clinical and neuropsychological assessments in increasing progression risk, as particularly evident in pMCI patients’ individual explanation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that RSF represents a useful tool to support clinicians in estimating conversion-to-AD risk and that SHAP explainer boosts its clinical utility with intelligible and interpretable individual outcomes that highlights key features associated with AD prognosis.Graphical Abstract
Characterizing Immersion Pulmonary Edema (IPE): A Comparative Study of Military and Recreational Divers
Authors: Wolff Dorian , Castagna Olivier , Morin Jean , Lehot Henri , Roffi Romain , Druelle Arnaud , Blatteau Jean-Éric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Immersion Pulmonary Edema (IPE) is a common and potentially serious diving accident that can have significant respiratory and cardiac consequences and, in some cases, be fatal. Our objective was to characterize cases of IPE among military trainees and recreational divers and to associate their occurrence with exposure and individual background factors such as age and comorbidity. We conducted a retrospective analysis on the medical records and diving parameters of all patients who were treated for IPE at the Hyperbaric Medicine Department of Sainte-Anne Military Hospital in Toulon, France, between January 2017 and August 2019. In total, 57 subjects were included in this study, with ages ranging from 20 to 62 years. These subjects were divided into two distinct groups based on exposure categories: (1) underwater/surface military training and (2) recreational scuba diving. The first group consisted of 14 individuals (25%) with a mean age of 26.5 ± 2.6 years; while, the second group comprised 43 individuals (75%) with a mean age of 51.2 ± 7.5 years. All divers under the age of 40 were military divers.

Results
In 40% of cases, IPE occurred following intense physical exercise. However, this association was observed in only 26% of recreational divers, compared to 86% of military divers. Among civilian recreational divers, no cases of IPE were observed in subjects under the age of 40. The intensity of symptoms was similar between the two groups, but the duration of hospitalization was significantly longer for the recreational subjects.

Conclusion
It seems that the occurrence of IPE in young and healthy individuals requires their engagement in vigorous physical activity. Additionally, exposure to significant ventilatory constraints is a contributing factor, with the intensity of these conditions seemingly exclusive to military diving environments. In contrast, among civilian recreational divers, IPE tends to occur in subjects with an average age twice that of military divers. Moreover, these individuals exhibit more prominent comorbidity factors, and the average level of environmental stressors is comparatively lower.
Application and accuracy of artificial intelligence-derived large language models in patients with age related macular degeneration
Authors: Ferro Desideri Lorenzo , Roth Janice , Zinkernagel Martin , Anguita Rodrigo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects millions of people globally, leading to a surge in online research of putative diagnoses, causing potential misinformation and anxiety in patients and their parents. This study explores the efficacy of artificial intelligence-derived large language models (LLMs) like in addressing AMD patients' questions.

Methods
ChatGPT 3.5 (2023), Bing AI (2023), and Google Bard (2023) were adopted as LLMs. Patients’ questions were subdivided in two question categories, (a) general medical advice and (b) pre- and post-intravitreal injection advice and classified as (1) accurate and sufficient (2) partially accurate but sufficient and (3) inaccurate and not sufficient. Non-parametric test has been done to compare the means between the 3 LLMs scores and also an analysis of variance and reliability tests were performed among the 3 groups.

Results
In category a) of questions, the average score was 1.20 (± 0.41) with ChatGPT 3.5, 1.60 (± 0.63) with Bing AI and 1.60 (± 0.73) with Google Bard, showing no significant differences among the 3 groups (p = 0.129). The average score in category b was 1.07 (± 0.27) with ChatGPT 3.5, 1.69 (± 0.63) with Bing AI and 1.38 (± 0.63) with Google Bard, showing a significant difference among the 3 groups (p = 0.0042). Reliability statistics showed Chronbach’s α of 0.237 (range 0.448, 0.096–0.544).

Conclusion
ChatGPT 3.5 consistently offered the most accurate and satisfactory responses, particularly with technical queries. While LLMs displayed promise in providing precise information about AMD; however, further improvements are needed especially in more technical questions.
A novel mutation of CTC1 leads to telomere shortening in a chinese family with interstitial lung disease
Authors: Liu Lv , Luo Hua , Sheng Yue , Kang Xi , Peng Hong , Luo Hong , Fan Liang-Liang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInterstitial lung diseases (ILDs), or diffuse pulmonary lung disease, are a subset of lung diseases that primarily affect lung alveoli and the space around interstitial tissue and bronchioles. It clinically manifests as progressive dyspnea, and patients often exhibit a varied decrease in pulmonary diffusion function. Recently, variants in telomere biology-related genes have been identified as genetic lesions of ILDs. Here, we enrolled 82 patients with interstitial pneumonia from 2017 to 2021 in our hospital to explore the candidate gene mutations of these patients via whole-exome sequencing. After data filtering, a novel heterozygous mutation (NM_025099: p.Gly131Arg) of CTC1 was identified in two affected family members. As a component of CST (CTC1-STN1-TEN1) complex, CTC1 is responsible for maintaining telomeric structure integrity and has also been identified as a candidate gene for IPF, a special kind of chronic ILD with insidious onset. Simultaneously, real-time PCR revealed that two affected family members presented with short telomere lengths, which further confirmed the effect of the mutation in the CTC1 gene. Our study not only expanded the mutation spectrum of CTC1 and provided epidemiological data on ILDs caused by CTC1 mutations but also further confirmed the relationship between heterozygous mutations in CTC1 and ILDs, which may further contribute to understanding the mechanisms underlying ILDs.
Can probiotics play a role in Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) eradication?
Authors: Fakhry Sameh Mohamed , Kandyl Mohamed Abdel-Hameed , Hashish Adel Ferig , Kandeel Wafaa , El-Shenawy Ahmed Mostafa , El-Sayed Hoda Samir , Dewidar Mohamed Kamal , Badr Sameh Mohamed , Mehanna Nayra Shaker 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
H. Pylori is one of the commonest infectious diseases worldwide. In recent years, PPI-based triple therapy has been described to be losing its efficacy against H. pylori due to high rates of antibiotic resistance, antibiotics-associated side effects, and low compliance. Probiotics are suggested to improve the H. pylori eradication rate when added to H pylori therapy. Probiotics have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative mechanisms that may improve bowel microecology and interact with the microbial flora of the gastrointestinal tract to produce a beneficial effect in H Pylori eradication. Probiotics may be also responsible for the reduction of the adverse effects related to H. pylori therapy that may result in treatment failure.

Aim of the work
In our study, we assessed the role of probiotics in improving the H. Pylori eradication rate and reducing side effects after antibiotic-based therapy.

Patients and method
One hundred fifty-nine patients positive for H. pylori stool antigen and had never received previously H. pylori eradication therapy, were included in the study, 59 patients received triple therapy alone (Standard group) and 100 patients received triple therapy and probiotics (study group). One hundred fifty patients completed the treatment. Quantification of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria concentration in stool was done by PCR before and after therapy. Eradication of H. pylori was assessed in each group by H. pylori stool antigen after 4 weeks of finishing therapy.

Results
H Pylori eradication rate was higher in patients who received probiotics with standard therapy compared to those who received standard therapy alone. The improvement in the eradication rate was statistically significant when probiotics were received after standard therapy (81.04% versus 71.19%, P-Value 0.021). Short-term diarrhea after antibiotics therapy was significantly lower in patients who received probiotics especially when given before antibiotic therapy (7.50% versus 25.50%, P-value 0.0001). Probiotics may play a role to restore gut dysbiosis as evidenced by stool PCR for Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria before and after therapy.

Conclusion
Probiotics have a beneficial role to improve the eradication rate of H. pylori, particularly when given after standard therapy. Adding probiotics was associated as well with less diarrhea as a side effect of antibiotic therapy.

Trial registration
The trial has been registered on the Pan African Clinical Trial Register website, No of registration, PACTR202304859303467. Registered 24 April 2023 - Retrospectively registered, https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=25434.
The impact of size on income diversification: an empirical study on commercial banks in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Hang Phan Thu , Tran Ngoc Minh , Pham Vuong Minh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBanks are the engine of the economy. Therefore, bank performance has a direct impact on the development and security of the entire economy. The main source of income for commercial banks comes from lending and capital mobilization activity. Competition in the banking industry is increasingly fierce, not only among domestic banks but also with foreign banks. Thus, banks are trying to diversify their income sources, especially from non-interest activity. Most previous studies study the relationship between the bank's income diversification and the increase in the proportion of income from non-interest products and services. However, the relationship between income diversification and bank scale has not been studied as much. This paper examines the relationship between income diversification and commercial bank size in Vietnam. The study applies a panel data regression model with a sample of 23 commercial banks in Vietnam in the period 2012–2020, using the generalized least squares method to overcome variable variance and autocorrelation in the research model. Our results show that bank size has a positive impact on the degree of income diversification. At the same time, size has a larger impact on income diversification at large banks than small banks. Therefore, smaller banks need to concentrate on developing modern technology systems as well as improving the quality of personnel and operating experience rather than investing in new products and services. Further research may expand to include commercial banks of countries or regions in order to get a deeper look at the impact of size and some economic factors on income diversification.
Association of Lifestyle Intervention With Risk for Cardiovascular Events Differs by Level of Glycated Hemoglobin
Authors: Bancks Michael P , Pilla Scott J , Balasubramanyam Ashok , Yeh Hsin-Chieh , Johnson Karen C , Rigdon Joseph , Wagenknecht Lynne E , Espeland Mark A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
We reevaluated the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) to assess whether the effect of ILI on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention differed by baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Methods
Look AHEAD randomized 5145 adults, aged 45 to 76 years with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity to ILI or a diabetes support and education (DSE) control group for a median of 9.6 years. ILI focused on achieving weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity. We assessed the parent trial's primary composite CVD outcome. We evaluated additive and multiplicative heterogeneity of the intervention on CVD risk by baseline HbA1c.

Results
Mean baseline HbA1c was 7.3% (SD 1.2) and ranged from 4.4% (quintile 1) to 14.5% (quintile 5). We observed additive and multiplicative heterogeneity of the association between ILI and CVD (all P &lt; .001) by baseline HbA1c. Randomization to ILI was associated with lower CVD risk for HbA1c quintiles 1 [hazard ratio (HR): 0.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53, 0.88] and 2 (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.96) and associated with higher CVD risk for HbA1c quintile 5 (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.58), compared to DSE.

Conclusion
Among adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity, randomization to a lifestyle intervention was differentially associated with CVD risk by baseline HbA1c such that it was associated with lower risk at lower HbA1c levels and higher risk at higher HbA1c levels. There is a critical need to develop and tailor lifestyle interventions to be successful for individuals with type 2 diabetes and high HbA1c.
Pubertal Girls With Overweight/Obesity Have Higher Androgen Levels—Can Metabolomics Tell us Why?
Authors: Calvert Madison E , Molsberry Samantha A , Overdahl Kirsten E , Jarmusch Alan K , Shaw Natalie D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
Pubertal girls with higher total body fat (TBF) demonstrate higher androgen levels. The cause of this association is unknown but is hypothesized to relate to insulin resistance.

Objective
This work aimed to investigate the association between higher TBF and higher androgens in pubertal girls using untargeted metabolomics.

Methods
Serum androgens were determined using a quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)–based assay. Metabolomic samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography high-resolution MS. Associations between TBF or body mass index (BMI) z score (exposure) and metabolomic features (outcome) and between metabolomic features (exposure) and serum hormones (outcome) were examined using gaussian generalized estimating equation models with the outcome lagged by one study visit. Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted P values were calculated to account for multiple testing. RaMP-DB (relational database of metabolomic pathways) was used to conduct enriched pathway analyses among features nominally associated with body composition or hormones.

Results
Sixty-six pubertal, premenarchal girls (aged 10.9 ± 1.39 SD years; 60% White, 24% Black, 16% other; 63% normal weight, 37% overweight/obese) contributed an average of 2.29 blood samples. BMI and TBF were negatively associated with most features including raffinose (a plant trisaccharide) and several bile acids. For BMI, RaMP-DB identified many enriched pathways related to bile acids. Androstenedione also showed strong positive associations with raffinose and bile acids.

Conclusion
Metabolomic analyses of samples from pubertal girls did not identify an insulin resistance signature to explain the association between higher TBF and androgens. Instead, we identified potential novel signaling pathways that may involve raffinose or bile acid action at the adrenal gland.
Evolving Service Innovation for The Late-mover Industry
Authors: Pertiwi Ruspita Rani 
Published: November 2023

Research Aims: This paper examines how Islamic banking in Indonesia, as a late-mover industry, evolves service innovation to attract customers and compete with already established conventional banking.
Design/methodology/approach: This qualitative research examines Indonesian Islamic Banking as a case study. This study involves two stages: investigating the case in-depth, detail, and context analysis using secondary data from various sources and in-depth interviews with stakeholders. Triangulation was employed to validate the entire result using various methods and data source triangulation.
Research Findings: This research reveals that the development of service innovation in late movers is influenced by the sort of industry, the goals and values of the new industry's establishment, the resources owned, and market characteristics. While the dimensions of service innovation developed by late movers typically focus on new value systems, they emphasise value; meanwhile, in terms of technical or working models of the innovation, they tend to replicate or modify from first movers.