bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioprinted Organoids Platform with Tumor Vasculature for Implementing Precision Personalized Medicine Targeted Towards Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kim Jisoo , Kim Jungmin , Gao Ge , Choi Yoo‐mi , Kim Jaewook , Cho Dong‐Woo , Cheong Jae‐Ho , Jang Jinah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAccurate prediction of treatment response for cancer patients is essential for overcoming intrinsic therapy resistance that results from genetic heterogeneity, varying tumor growth kinetics, and the complex tumor microenvironment. To achieve this goal, there is an urgent need for effective preclinical in vitro models that recapitulate the molecular–pathologic features and intricate ecology of native tumors for precision medicine. In this study, a vascularized organoid model (VOM) composed of patient‐derived gastric cancer organoids (PDOs), perfusable endothelium, and stomach decellularized extracellular matrix is presented that enables the prediction of clinical response to VEGFR2‐targeted therapy in gastric cancer patients. The results indicate that VOMs are dependent on the PDO molecular subtype. Moreover, VOMs accurately reproduce the clinically observed responses of patients treated with VEGFR2 inhibitor. Therefore, VOMs represent a valuable platform for providing clinical predictions for personalized testing and potential discovery of therapeutic drugs in various cancers that lack standardized regimens.
Designing Bimetallic Metal‐Organic Framework‐Based Heterojunction Radiosensitizer for Enhanced Radiodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy
Authors: Xiong Zushuang , Yang Mingqi , Liu Peixin , Tang Zhiying , Yang Yu , Zhan Meixiao , Chen Tianfeng , Li Xiaoling , Lu Ligong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRadiotherapy, as one of the most common strategies for clinical cancer treatment, suffers from failure due to the hypoxia, inflammation, and radiosensitivity difference of malignant tumors, side effects, and radioresistance. Heterojunction‐based radiosensitizers attract great attention to the lower excitation energy and remarkable catalytic activity as compared to typical transition metal radiosensitizers. However, the bio‐application of heterojunction radiosensitizers is in its infancy due to the challenges in structure engineering, rational energy band alignment, and ideal photogenerated carrier migration. Herein, a bimetallic metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐based heterojunction radiosensitizer is reasonably designed to enhance the radiodynamic therapeutic efficiency of Ru complex, and to activate natural killer (NK) cell‐mediated innate immune responses for promoted tumor immunotherapy. This study not only designs a novel bimetallic MOF‐based heterojunction structure but also elucidates the underlying action mechanisms in inhibiting cancer proliferation, which sheds light on the practicable design of radiosensitizers and the tumor combination treatment.
In Situ 4D Printing of Polyelectrolyte/Magnetic Composites for Sutureless Gastric Perforation Sealing
Authors: Shi Yunsong , Tang Sihan , Yuan Xi , Li Zhuofan , Wen Shifeng , Li Zhongwei , Su Bin , Yan Chunze , Chen Lili 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn situ bioprinting has emerged as one of the most promising techniques for the sutureless tissue sealing of internal organs. However, most existing in situ bioprinting methods are limited by the complex and confined printing space inside the organs, harsh curing conditions for printable bioinks, and poor ability to suturelessly seal injured parts. The combination of in situ bioprinting and 4D printing is a promising technique for tissue repair. Herein, the in situ 4D printing of polyelectrolyte/magnetic composites by gastroscopy for sutureless internal tissue sealing is reported. Using gastric perforation as an example, a gelatin/sodium alginate/magnetic bioink is developed, which can be precisely located by a gastroscope with the assistance of an external magnetic field, solidified in gastric fluid, and firmly adhered to tissue surfaces. The solidified bioink along the defect can be attracted by an external magnetic field, resulting in sutureless sealing. A demonstration using a porcine stomach with an artificial perforation confirms the feasibility of sutureless sealing using 4D printing. Moreover, an in vivo investigation on gastric perforation in a rat model identifies the biocompatibility by H&E and CD68+ staining. This study provides a new orientation and concept for functionality‐modified in situ 4D bioprinting.
Cu‐In Dual Sites with Sulfur Defects toward Superior Ethanol Electrosynthesis from CO2 Electrolysis
Authors: Wen Guobin , Ren Bohua , Zhang Xiaowen , Liu Shuxuan , Li Xu , Lu Han , Xu Yuanmei , Akinoglu Eser Metin , Tao Li , Luo Dan , Ma Qianyi , Wang Xin , Feng Renfei , Wang Shuangyin , Yu Aiping , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe electrosynthesis of multi‐carbon chemicals from excess carbon dioxide (CO2) is an area of great interest for research and commercial applications. However, improving both the yield of CO2‐to‐ethanol conversion and the stability of the catalyst at the same time is proving to be a challenging issue. Here it is proposed to stabilize active Cu(I) and In dual sites with sulfur defects through an electro‐driven intercalation strategy, which leads to the delocalization of electron density that enhances orbital hybridizations between the Cu‐C and In‐H bonds. Hence, the energy barrier for the rate‐limiting *CHO formation step is reduced toward the key *OCHCHO* formation during ethanol production, which is also facilitated by the combined Cu site enabling C‐C coupling and In site with a higher oxygen affinity based on both thermodynamic and kinetic calculations. Accordingly, such dual‐site catalyst achieves a high partial current density toward ethanol of 409 ± 15 mA cm⁻2 for over 120 h. Furthermore, a scaled‐up flow cell is assembled with an industrial‐relevant current of 5.7 A for over 36 h, in which the carbon loss is less than 2.5% and single‐pass carbon efficiency is ≈19%.
Enhancing Piezoelectricity of Silk Fibroin Through In Situ Growth of Metal‐Free Perovskite for Organic and Eco‐friendly Wearable Bioelectronics
Authors: Veronica Asmita , Liu Shiyuan , Yang Zhengbao , Nyein Hnin Y. Y. , Hsing I‐Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe biosafety and sustainability of inorganic perovskites or organic piezopolymers is a major concern in the field of wearable piezoelectric sensors. Naturally occurring, silk fibroin (SF), is a promising alternative for the realization of organic piezoelectric devices due to its excellent biocompatibility and tunable material properties. Nevertheless, its scope for practical sensing applications is limited by the weak innate piezoelectricity of 1 pC N−1. This research aims to improve the piezoelectricity of pristine SF by intrinsically growing non‐toxic metal‐free perovskite (MFP) to achieve organic and bendable silk fibroin‐metal free perovskite (SF‐MFP) composite films. The increase in MFP loading has an influence on the resulting morphology and crystallinity of SF‐MFP films. In comparison to pristine SF, the films with the highest perovskite loading exhibit an enhanced normal piezoelectric response of 4.6 pm V−1. The poled SF‐MFP sensors display an appreciable sensitivity of 0.61 ± 0.05 V N−1 with a fast response time and outstanding stability arising from a synergistic combination of mechanically robust SF and piezoelectric MFP. Furthermore, these sensors can detect various joint bending and muscle movements in human subjects, proving their suitability for wearable bioelectronics. This research demonstrates the potential of biomaterials and organic perovskites for the development of biocompatible and sustainable wearable piezoelectric solutions.
Difluoroboron β‐Diketonate Systems: Large Transformation of Photophysical Mechanism Induced by Tiny Structural Modification or Isomerization
Authors: Chen Xuefeng , Wang Guangming , Li Junbo , Chen Xiuzheng , Zhao Xiaoya , Zeng Ying , Su Yuming , Zhang Kaka 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLiving system involves a plenty of delicate processes where a tiny structural variation of biological substance may lead to drastic change of the fate of the living system. Inspired by this, in artificial photofunctional systems, if tiny structural variation changes the fate of excited states, a new class of advanced material would emerge for optical analysis, sensing, and next‐generation display is reasoned. However, such delicate processes remain rarely explored in photofunctional systems, especially in room temperature organic afterglow systems. Here the attachment/detachment of methoxy group can switch off/on twisted intramolecular charge transfer property in difluoroboron β‐diketonate systems is reported. In addition, structural isomerization triggers afterglow transformation from room temperature phosphorescence to thermally activated delayed fluorescence. These observations are helpful for better photophysical understanding on luminescence systems and advanced material design.
Achieving Ohmic Contacts in NbS2/MoSe2 van der Waals Heterostructure: A First‐Principles Study
Authors: Khang Nguyen D. , Nguyen Cuong Q. , Nguyen Chuong V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe functionality of electronic and optoelectronic devices relying on two‐dimensional (2D) materials can be substantially influenced by the characteristics of their electrical contacts. Herein, a metal–semiconductor electrical contact between metallic NbS2 and semiconducting MoSe2 monolayer is constructed using first‐principles calculations. The electronic properties and contact characteristics of the NbS2/MoSe2 heterostructure as well as the effects of electric fields and in‐plane strains are also explored. These results indicate that the NbS2/MoSe2 heterostructure exhibits the ‐type Schottky contact (ShC) with low Schottky barriers and possesses low contact resistance of the tunneling barrier. Furthermore, the electronic properties and contact characteristics of the NbS2/MoSe2 heterostructure can be fine‐tuned through the application of in‐plane strains and electric fields. The electric fields give rise to the transformation from ‐type to ‐type ShC as well as the conversion from ShC to Ohmic contact (OhC) in the NbS2/MoSe2 heterostructure. Similarly, in‐plane strains play a role in direct‐to‐indirect band gap transitions and further contribute to the conversion from ShC to OhC in the NbS2/MoSe2 heterostructure. These findings offer valuable theoretical insights that can guide the practical utilization of the NbS2/MoSe2 vdW‐MSH in the development of next‐generation electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Bioinspired Structural Composite Flexible Material with High Cushion Performance
Authors: Zhuang Zhiqiang , Qian Zhihui , Wang Xu , Xu Xiaolin , Chen Boya , Song Guangsheng , Liu Xiangyu , Ren Lei , Ren Luquan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractImpacts occur everywhere, and they pose a serious threat to human health and production safety. Flexible materials with efficient cushioning and energy absorption are ideal candidates to provide protection from impacts. Despite the high demand, the cushioning capacity of protective materials is still limited. In this study, an integrated bionic strategy is proposed, and a bioinspired structural composite material with highly cushioning performance is developed on the basis of this strategy. The results demonstrated that the integrated bionic material, an S‐spider web‐foam, has excellent energy storage and dissipation as well as cushioning performance. Under impact loading, S‐spider web‐foam can reduce peak impact forces by a factor of 3.5 times better than silicone foam, achieving unprecedented cushioning performance. The results of this study deepen the understanding of flexible cushioning materials and may provide new strategies and inspiration for the preparation of high‐performance flexible cushioning materials.
Dual‐Fuel Propelled Nanomotors with Two‐Stage Permeation for Deep Bacterial Infection in the Treatment of Pulpitis
Authors: Wang Heping , Chen Xi , Zhang Lulu , Han Ziwei , Zheng Jinxin , Qi Yilin , Zhao Weitao , Xu Xihan , Li Tianqi , Zhou Yutong , Bao Pingping , Xue Xue 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBacterial infection‐induced inflammatory response could cause irreversible death of pulp tissue in the absence of timely and effective therapy. Given that, the narrow structure of root canal limits the therapeutic effects of passive diffusion‐drugs, considerable attention has been drawn to the development of nanomotors, which have high tissue penetration abilities but generally face the problem of insufficient fuel concentration. To address this drawback, dual‐fuel propelled nanomotors (DPNMs) by encapsulating L‐arginine (L‐Arg), calcium peroxide (CaO2) in metal‐organic framework is developed. Under pathological environment, L‐Arg could release nitric oxide (NO) by reacting with reactive oxygen species (ROS) to provide the driving force for movement. Remarkably, the depleted ROS could be supplemented through the reaction between CaO2 with acids abundant in the inflammatory microenvironment. Owing to high diffusivity, NO achieves further tissue penetration based on the first‐stage propulsion of nanomotors, thereby removing deep‐seated bacterial infection. Results indicate that the nanomotors effectively eliminate bacterial infection based on antibacterial activity of NO, thereby blocking inflammatory response and oxidative damage, forming reparative dentine layer to avoid further exposure and infection. Thus, this work provides a propagable strategy to overcome fuel shortage and facilitates the therapy of deep lesions.
Unveiling the sp2─sp3 C─C Polar Bond Induced Electromagnetic Responding Behaviors by a 2D N‐doped Carbon Nanosheet Absorber
Authors: Zhang Can , Jiang Jian‐Tang , Guan Zhenjie , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Yining , Song Bo , Shao Wenzhu , Zhen Liang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe infertile electromagnetic (EM) attenuating behavior of carbon material makes the improvement of its performance remain a significant challenge. Herein, a facile and low‐cost strategy radically distinct from the prevalent approaches by constructing polar covalent bonds between sp2‐hybridized and sp3‐hybridized carbon atoms to introduce strong dipolar polarization is proposed. Through customizing and selectively engineering the N moieties conjugated with carbon rings, the microstructure of the as‐synthesized 2D nanosheet is gradually converted with the partial transition from sp3 carbons to sp2 carbons, where the electric dipoles between them are also tuned. Supported by the DFT calculations, a progressively enhanced sp2─sp3 C─C dipolar polarization is caused by this controllable structure evolution, which is demonstrated to contribute dominantly to the total dielectric loss. By virtue of this unduplicated loss behavior, a remarkable effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) beyond ‐10 dB of 8.28 GHz (2.33 mm) and an ultrawide EAB beyond ‐5 dB of 13.72 GHz (4.93 mm) are delivered, which upgrade the EM performance of carbon material to a higher level. This study not only demonstrates the huge perspective of sp2─sp3‐hybridized carbon in EM elimination but also gives pioneering insights into the carbon–carbon polarization mechanism for guiding the development of advanced EM absorption materials.
Amine Gas‐Induced Reversible Optical Bleaching of Bismuth‐Based Lead‐Free Perovskite Thin Films
Authors: Ji Fuxiang , Zhang Bin , Chen Weimin M , Buyanova Irina A , Wang Feng , Boschloo Gerrit 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReversible optical property changes in lead‐free perovskites have recently received great interest due to their potential applications in smart windows, sensors, data encryption, and various on‐demand devices. However, it is challenging to achieve remarkable color changes in their thin films. Here, methylamine gas (CH3NH2, MA0) induced switchable optical bleaching of bismuth (Bi)‐based perovskite films is demonstrated for the first time. By exposure to an MA0 atmosphere, the color of Cs2AgBiBr6 (CABB) films changes from yellow to transparent, and the color of Cs3Bi2I9 (CBI) films changes from dark red to transparent. More interestingly, the underlying reason is found to be the interactions between MA0 and Bi3+ with the formation of an amorphous liquefied transparent intermediate phase, which is different from that of lead‐based perovskite systems. Moreover, the generality of this approach is demonstrated with other amine gases, including ethylamine (C2H5NH2, EA0) and butylamine (CH3(CH2)3NH2, BA0), and another compound, Cs3Sb2I9, by observing a similar reversible optical bleaching phenomenon. The potential for the application of CABB and CBI films in switchable smart windows is investigated. This study provides valuable insights into the interactions between amine gases and lead‐free perovskites, opening up new possibilities for high‐efficiency optoelectronic and stimuli‐responsive applications of these emerging Bi‐based materials.
Unraveling the Structure of Meclizine Dihydrochloride with MicroED
Authors: Lin Jieye , Unge Johan , Gonen Tamir 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMeclizine (Antivert, Bonine) is a first‐generation H1 antihistamine used in the treatment of motion sickness and vertigo. Despite its wide medical use for over 70 years, its crystal structure and the details of protein‐drug interactions remained unknown. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC‐XRD) is previously unsuccessful for meclizine. Today, microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) enables the analysis of nano‐ or micro‐sized crystals that are merely a billionth the size needed for SC‐XRD directly from seemingly amorphous powder. In this study, MicroED to determine the 3D crystal structure of meclizine dihydrochloride is used. Two racemic enantiomers (R/S) are found in the unit cell, which is packed as repetitive double layers in the crystal lattice. The packing is made of multiple strong N‐H‐Cl− hydrogen bonding interactions and weak interactions like C‐H‐Cl− and pi‐stacking. Molecular docking reveals the binding mechanism of meclizine to the histamine H1 receptor. A comparison of the docking complexes between histamine H1 receptor and meclizine or levocetirizine (a second‐generation antihistamine) shows the conserved binding sites. This research illustrates the combined use of MicroED and molecular docking in unraveling elusive drug structures and protein‐drug interactions for precision drug design and optimization.
Surface Reconstruction Facilitated by Fluorine Migration and Bimetallic Center in NiCo Bimetallic Fluoride Toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Xu Zhenhang , Zuo Wei , Yu Yueying , Liu Jinyan , Cheng Gongzhen , Zhao Pingping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a critical anodic reaction of electrochemical water splitting, developing a high‐efficiency electrocatalyst is essential. Transition metal‐based catalysts are much more cost‐effective if comparable activities can be achieved. Among them, fluorides are rarely reported due to their low aqueous stability of coordination and low electric conductivity. Herein, a NiCo bimetallic fluoride with good crystallinity is designed and constructed, and significantly enhanced catalytic activity and conductivity are observed. The inevitable oxidation of transition metal ions at high potential and the dissociation of F− are attributed to the low aqueous stability of coordination. The theoretical researches predicte that transition metal fluorides should have a strong tendency to electrochemical reconstruction. Therefore, based on the observations on their electrochemical behavior, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and bode plots, it is further demonstrated that surface reconstruction occurred during the electrochemical process, meanwhile a significant increase of electrochemically active area, which is created by F migration, are also directly observed. Additionally, DFT calculation results show that the electronic structure of the catalysts is modulated by the bimetallic centers, and this reconstruction helps optimizing the adsorption energy of oxygen‐containing species and improves OER activity.
Genuine Dirac Half‐Metals in Two‐Dimensions
Authors: Gong Jialin , Ding Guangqian , Xie Chengwu , Wang Wenhong , Liu Ying , Zhang Gang , Wang Xiaotian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) is absent, all proposed half‐metals with twofold degenerate nodal points at the K (or K′) point in 2D materials are classified as “Dirac half‐metals” owing to the way graphene is utilized in the earliest studies. Actually, each band crossing point at the K or K′ point is described by a 2D Weyl Hamiltonian with definite chirality; hence, it should be a Weyl point. To the best of its knowledge, there have not yet been any reports of a genuine (i.e., fourfold degenerate) 2D Dirac point half‐metal. In this work, using first‐principles calculations, it proposes for the first time that the 2D d0‐type ferromagnet Mg4N4 is a genuine 2D Dirac half‐metal candidate with a fourfold degenerate Dirac point at the S high‐symmetry point, intrinsic magnetism, a high Curie temperature, 100% spin polarization, topology robust under the SOC and uniaxial and biaxial strains, and spin‐polarized edge states. This work can serve as a starting point for future predictions of intrinsically magnetic materials with genuine 2D Dirac points, which will aid the frontier of topo‐spintronics research in 2D systems.
Self‐Aligned Contact Doping for Performance Enhancement of Low‐Leakage Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors
Authors: Chiu Hsin‐Yuan , Chao Tzu‐Ang , Safron Nathaniel S. , Su Sheng‐Kai , Liew San‐Lin , Yun Wei‐Sheng , Mao Po‐Sen , Lin Yu‐Tung , Hou Vincent Duen‐Huei , Lee Tung‐Ying , Chang Wen‐Hao , Passlack Matthias , Wong Hon‐Sum Philip , Radu Iuliana P. , Wang Han , Pitner Gregory , Chien Chao‐Hsin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) field effect transistors (CNFETs) show promise for the next generation VLSI systems due to their excellent scalability, energy efficiency, and speed. However, high leakage current is a drawback of large diameter CNTs (diameter (DCNT) ≥ 1.4 nm) due to the small electronic band gap (EG) ≤ 0.6 eV and effective mass. This work investigates the on‐current and off‐current tradeoff for two populations of semiconducting‐enriched CNT with DCNT ≈ 1.0 nm displaying a simultaneous 50x improvement in minimun current (IMIN) with 2.5x degradation in contact resistance compared to DCNT ≈ 1.4 nm using a Pd side‐bonded contact. A method to enhance the performance of low‐leakage CNFETs is demonstrated using sub‐monolayer self‐aligned contact doping with 0.8 nm of MoOX, which delivers a 57% reduction in contact resistance to DCNT ≈ 1.0 nm. Robustness is verified after annealing at 200 °C for 30 min and monitoring stability across 6 months post‐fabrication with no change in electrical behaviors.