bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capital Punishment: Islamic Criminal Law Perspective
Authors: Hafizhah Annisa , Ekaputra Mohammad , Muhammad Asla Fathi  
Published: October 2023

This paper delves into the multifaceted dimensions of capital punishment within Islamic criminal law, examining its application and underlying objectives. The study revolves around two primary objects: the application of capital punishment and the objectives of implementing the death penalty. By exploring these dimensions, this paper seeks to elucidate the intricate interplay between justice, societal well-being, and legal philosophy within Islamic jurisprudence. The first object addresses the legal framework and ethical considerations surrounding the practice of capital punishment. Drawing from both retributive and consequentialist theories, the analysis illuminates the dual nature of Islamic jurisprudence in its pursuit of fairness and societal harmony. The second object investigates the objectives underpinning the death penalty's application. Rooted in the concepts of benefits (maslahah) and justice, Islamic legal thought underscores the balanced amalgamation of individual rights and collective welfare. In conclusion, this paper underscores the significance of collaborative efforts among legal scholars, policymakers, and communities to ensure a just and nuanced application of capital punishment. Through comprehensive engagement, Islamic societies can advance a holistic approach to punishment that aligns with the ethos of justice and societal well-being.
Profile and Features of Breast Cancer in HIV Positive and Negative Patients at Mankweng Academic Hospital, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Bhuiyan Mirza 
Published: October 2023

Background: HIV and breast cancer are a major global burden of disease for women. There were 35 million people infected with HIV in 2013 and over 70% of whom lived in sub-Saharan Africa. Breast cancer is the leading form of cancer affecting South African women. The main aim of this study was to better understand the profile and features of breast cancer in HIV-positive and negative patients in the Limpopo province, South Africa.
Methods: This is a retrospective cross sectional descriptive quantitative study designed to analyse the profile of all patients with breast cancers who attended at Mankweng Breast Oncology Clinic from July 2020 to December 2021.
Results: Total of 205 patients. The HIV-positive group consisted of 43 patients and the HIV-negative group of 162 patients. Age range: 20-90 years, mean age: 51, mean age of HIV-positive group: 46.6(30-79) years and HIV-negative 52.4 (20-90) years. Early stage (0, I & II) included 46 patients and late stage (III & IV) 159 patients. In the HIV-negative group (162) patients 36(22%) presented with early stages and 126(78%) in the late stages. The HIV-positive group (43) contained 10(23%) patients in the early stage and 33(77%) in the late stage.
Conclusion: In this study the mean age of HIV-positive patients was lower than the mean age of HIV-negative patients (46.6 vs 52.4). Triple negative molecular subtype breast cancer was more present in HIV-positive patients than in HIV-negative patients (24.2% vs14.4%). HIV-positive patients demonstrated a higher grade 3(47%), while HIV-negative patients had more grade 2(62%).
MODEL QUADRUPLE HELIX DALAM PENGELOLAAN PUSAT BACA MASYARAKAT SEBAGAI SARANA BELAJAR ANAK
Authors: Saefulrahman Iyep , Nuryanto Yayan , Rudiana Rudiana 
Published: October 2023

Community Reading Center (TBM) as a means for children to learn is one of the programs formulated by the government to build a learning community by increasing children's interest in reading. However, it isn’t all TBM are able to support this purpose due to existence of conditiions facing it, as experienced by TBM Al Bayun in Bandasari Village. Therefore, in the Unpad’s PKM (Integrated KKN-PPM) activity, it is generally intended to assist the village government in carrying out one of its tasks, while specifically intended to help the management of Al Bayun TBM to become a child learning facilities. The Model chosen for the implementation of its activities is the quadruple helix collaboration. While the method of activity is in the form of assistance, counseling to the community related to literacy, and technical guidance in managing TBM. PKM can be held as planned and generally, the set of activities in TBM management can be carried out properly. This is inseparable from the collaboration between the government, universities, publishing business actors, and civil society. The four collaborating parties can play their respective roles so that the aims and objectives of PKM activities can be achieved. This success also shows that with collaboration, the problems faced are more likely to be handled and all limitations can be completed
SOSIALISASI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR. 44 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG PORNOGRAFI DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA
Authors: SUPRIYANTA SUPRIYANTA , Kusumo Bambang Ali 
Published: October 2023

The aim of this community service activity is to provide an explanation to students regarding the criminal provisions in Law no. 44 of 2008 concerning Pornography and building positive perceptions and behavior of students related to pornography issues. Pornography is prohibited in the law, intended as a way to prevent the younger generation, including students, from doing things that are prohibited in the law. In theory, this idea is supported by von Fuerbach's theory of psychological coercion, namely prohibitions and threats. Criminal law will prevent people from committing acts that are prohibited by law.
The method used in this service activity is the lecture method by opening up space for discussion.
The results of community service showed that based on the explanation given to the students who were the target of this activity, the majority of students were satisfied with the activity. With this activity, students became aware of how important the existence of a law is. Knowledge of criminal sanctions has influenced their psychology to obey the law. Thus, the theory of psychological coercion states that the existence of criminal sanctions in the law has influenced the psychology of members of society so that they are prevented from committing crimes. Apart from that, awareness has also arisen to participate in preventing and taking action against pornography cases.
Keywords: Socialization, Law Number 44 of 2008 concerning Pornography, Students.
The Effect of Using The Problem-Based Learning Model on Learning Outcomes of Class VIII Junior High School Students
Authors: Salsabila Salsabila , Sripatmi Sripatmi , Salsabila Nilza Humaira , Azmi Syahrul 
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the effect of the problem-based learning model on the learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP IT YARSI Mataram on relationship and function material. The method used is a quasi-experimental method, with a posttest-only group design research design. The sample use in this research is saturated because all members of the population were sampled. The sample used in this research was all 39 students in class VIII of SMP IT YARSI Mataram. The instruments in this research are test question, learning implementation plans, and learning activity observation sheets. Data collection was carried out using test instruments. The research results werw tested for normality with the Liliefors test and homogeneity test with Fisher’s test, then analyzed using the t-test. The result of the t-test analysis show with a significance level of This show that the problem-based learning model affects the mathematics learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP IT YARSI Mataram. Therefore, the problem-based learning model should be used in learning to improve students’ mathematics learning outcomes.
DETEKSI LARVA Thelazia sp. PADA INANG INTERMEDIET LALAT DI DESA TAMAN AYU LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Novi Elvita , Tirtasari Kunti , Supriadi Supriadi 
Published: October 2023

Thelaziasis merupakan penyakit cacing mata yang disebabkan oleh cacing golongan nematode dari genus Thelazia dan ditularkan melalui perantara lalat. Beberapa spesies cacing Thelazia pernah dilaporkan bersifat zoonosis. Penyakit Thelazia pada ternak dapat mengakibatkan penurunan bobot badan, kelainan pada organ mata, bahkan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada organ mata. Kondisi ternak yang parah dapat menyebabkan kematian dan kerusakan organ mata juga mengakibatkan harga jual ternak menurun. Sulitnya deteksi dini cacing dewasa pada organ mata ternak yang masih hidup dan tidak adanya gejala spesifik menjadi kendala penelitian untuk mendeteksi keberadaan cacing dewasa. Sebagai alternative adalah deteksi keberadaan cacing pada inang intermediet lalat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya larva Thelazia sp. pada lalat dan jenis lalat yang berperan sebagai inang intermediet. Sampel lalat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini 90 ekor lalat yang ditangkap disekitar ternak yang menunjukan gejala Thelazia pada kandang kelompok tani ternak Mele Maju, desa Taman Ayu kecamatan Gerung. Jenis penelitan yang diguakan pada penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif dengan desain Cross Sectional study. Langkah penelitian yaitu dengan memisahkan kelenjar liur lalat menggunakan jarum dan pinset untuk pembuatan preparat kemudian diperiksa dibawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan 71 ekor lalat sampel positif dan 19 ekor lalat sampel negatif. Persentasi sampel yang positif 78.89%. Lalat yang ditangkap pada kandang kelompok tani ternak Mele Maju hanya jenis lalat Musca domestica, lalat jenis ini positif berperan sebagai inang intermediet cacing Thelazia sp. tingginya frekuensi kehadiran cacing Thelazia sp. pada ternak sapi di lokasi penelitian mungkin disebabkan ternak yang dipelihara dalam kandang kolektif mudah mendapatkan infeksi dari individu yang positif terinfeksi.
The effect of hospital-to-home transitional care using a digital messaging application on the health outcomes of patients undergoing CABG and their family caregivers: a randomized controlled trial study protocol
Authors: Maleki Maryam , Mardani Abbas , Iloonkashkooli Raziyeh , Khachian Alice , Glarcher Manela , Vaismoradi Mojtaba 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesGiven the increasing trend of care transition from healthcare settings to patients’ own home, patients and their family caregivers should take more responsibilities for care at own home. This study is going to investigate the effect of a transitional care program from hospital to own home using a digital messaging application on patients’ undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and their family caregivers’ health outcomes.MethodsA parallel randomized controlled trial study will be conducted in a hospital in a metropolis located in southwestern Iran. Sampling will be performed sequentially and the eligible dyad of patients and family caregivers will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive a transitional care program for 8 weeks using the WhatsApp on the mobile phone based on the person-centered care approach, but the control group will receive routine care for patient’s transition. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and two months after the intervention using demographic questionnaire, Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES), MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (MNHD-Q), Cardiac Symptom Scale (CSS), Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS). Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used for data analysis.ConclusionsThe results of this study will allow evaluating the effectiveness of an innovative transitional care program to patients’ own home using a digital messaging application. If the transitional program is shown feasible and effective it can be incorporated into existing care programs and stimulate further studies on the use of digital solutions for improving the continuity of care in own home.
Immune microenvironment dynamics of HER2 overexpressing breast cancer under dual anti-HER2 blockade
Authors: Batalha Sofia , Gomes Catarina Monteiro , Brito Catarina 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe clinical prognosis of the HER2-overexpressing (HER2-OE) subtype of breast cancer (BC) is influenced by the immune infiltrate of the tumor. Specifically, monocytic cells, which are promoters of pro-tumoral immunosuppression, and NK cells, whose basal cytotoxic function may be enhanced with therapeutic antibodies. One of the standards of care for HER2+ BC patients includes the combination of the anti-HER2 antibodies trastuzumab and pertuzumab. This dual combination was a breakthrough against trastuzumab resistance; however, this regimen does not yield complete clinical benefit for a large fraction of patients. Further therapy refinement is still hampered by the lack of knowledge on the immune mechanism of action of this antibody-based dual HER2 blockade.MethodsTo explore how the dual antibody challenge influences the phenotype and function of immune cells infiltrating the HER2-OE BC microenvironment, we developed in vitro 3D heterotypic cell models of this subtype. The models comprised aggregates of HER2+ BC cell lines and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cells were co-encapsulated in a chemically inert alginate hydrogel and maintained in agitation-based culture system for up to 7 days.ResultsThe 3D models of the HER2-OE immune microenvironment retained original BC molecular features; the preservation of the NK cell compartment was achieved upon optimization of culture time and cytokine supplementation. Challenging the models with the standard-of-care combination of trastuzumab and pertuzumab resulted in enhanced immune cytotoxicity compared with trastuzumab alone. Features of the response to therapy within the immune tumor microenvironment were recapitulated, including induction of an immune effector state with NK cell activation, enhanced cell apoptosis and decline of immunosuppressive PD-L1+ immune cells.ConclusionsThis work presents a unique human 3D model for the study of immune effects of anti-HER2 biologicals, which can be used to test novel therapy regimens and improve anti-tumor immune function.
Bibliometric analysis of dental adhesives: research status and frontier development
Authors: Hu Xurui , Sun Tao , Kuang Bin , Sun Yanyan , Chen Lei , Ding Huanyang 
Published: October 2023

Objective: A visual analysis of the literature in the field of dental adhesives is conducted in order to explore the current state of research, cutting-edge areas of interest, and future development trends in this domain.Methods: English literature related to dental adhesives published between 2000 and 2023 was searched in the Web of Science Core Collection database. The retrieved results were then imported into VOSviewer and CiteSpace software in plain text format. Various data, such as journal names, authors, institutions, countries, and keywords, were extracted for further bibliometric analysis.Results: A total of 19,403 publications were retrieved, featuring 42,365 authors, 7,359 institutions, 121 countries, and 1,523 journals. The annual publication and cumulative publication rates in this field are both on the rise. Among them, DENTAL MATERIALS is the journal with the highest publication rate, cumulative publication rate, and number of citations. Ozcan M is the author with the most publications and within the limitations of this study, is considered an influential author in the field (with the highest intermediary centrality score) and Meerbeek B is the author with the highest number of citations. UNIV SAO PAULO is the institution with the highest publication rate. The United States is the country with the highest publication rate and has the most collaborative partnerships with other countries. Collaboration between different authors, institutions, and countries in this field is indeed close, which has greatly contributed to the rapid development of dental adhesives. Current research focuses on various aspects such as the types of dental adhesives, adhesive strength, dental diseases, and clinical trials. Future research directions mainly concentrate on aspects such as nanoparticles, 3D printing, universal adhesives, antibacterial properties of adhesives, and adhesive strength.Conclusion: Within the defined scope of this study, we have conducted a quantitative and objective analysis of the current research status and emerging trends in dental adhesives. This analysis establishes a knowledge foundation and introduces novel perspectives for future in-depth investigations in this field.
Altered gut microbiome plays an important role in AKI to CKD transition in aged mice
Authors: Kim Myung-Gyu , Cho Won Yong , Chung Suk Min , Choi Young Eun , Fang Yina , Park Myeong Soo , Park Sang Jun , Ko Yoon Sook , Lee Hee Young , Yang Jihyun , Oh Se Won , Jo Sang-Kyung 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThis study investigated the role of renal-intestinal crosstalk in the transition from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in elderly individuals.MethodsUsing young and aged mice, we induced bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and compared intestinal and kidney inflammation over 28 days. To determine the role of the microbiome in gut–kidney crosstalk, we analyzed the microbiome of fecal samples of the young vs. aged mice and examined the effects of probiotic supplementation.ResultsIn the post-IRI recovery phase, prolonged intestinal and renal inflammation along with dysbiosis were evident in aged vs. younger mice that was associated with severe renal dysfunction and fibrosis progression in aged mice. Probiotic supplementation with Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 and Bifidobacterium longum BORI alleviated intestinal inflammation but not intestinal leakage, characterized by decreased inflammatory cytokine levels and decreased infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils, and Th17 cells. This was associated with improved M1-dominant renal inflammation and ultimately improved renal function and fibrosis, suggesting that renal–intestinal crosstalk in aged mice contributes to the transition from AKI to CKD.DiscussionOur study findings suggest that exacerbation of chronic inflammation through the gut–kidney axis might be an important mechanism in the transition from AKI to CKD in the elderly.
Causal relationship between gut microbiota with subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Cao Feng , Pan Feng , Gong Xin , Wang Wen , Xu Yanyan , Cao Pengwei , Wang Yong 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundNumerous studies have revealed associations between gut microbiota and adipose tissue. However, the specific functional bacterial taxa and their causal relationships with adipose tissue production in different regions of the body remain unclear.MethodsWe conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study using aggregated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for gut microbiota and adipose tissue. We employed methods such as inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode to assess the causal relationships between gut microbiota and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) as well as visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger regression intercept analysis, and MR-PRESSO were used to test for heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and outliers of the instrumental variables, respectively. Reverse MR was employed to evaluate the reverse causal relationships between SAT, VAT, and gut microbiota with significant associations.ResultsIVW results demonstrated that Betaproteobacteria were protective factors for SAT production (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80–0.96, p = 0.005) and VAT production (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.83–0.99, p = 0.030). Various bacterial taxa including Ruminococcaceae UCG002 (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99, p = 0.017), Methanobacteria class (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92–1.00, p = 0.029), and Burkholderiales (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83–0.98, p = 0.012) were associated only with decreased SAT production. Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.10, p = 0.005), Eubacterium hallii group (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01–1.15, p = 0.028), Peptococcaceae (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01–1.17, p = 0.034), and Peptococcus (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00–1.10, p = 0.047) were risk factors for SAT production. Meanwhile, Eubacterium fissicatena group (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99, p = 0.019), Turicibacter (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.99, p = 0.022), and Defluviitaleaceae UCG011 (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99, p = 0.024) were protective factors for VAT production. Furthermore, Bacteroidetes (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01–1.17, p = 0.018), Eubacterium eligens group (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01–1.19, p = 0.037), Alloprevotella (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00–1.10, p = 0.038), and Phascolarctobacterium (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00–1.15, p = 0.042) were associated with VAT accumulation. Additionally, reverse MR revealed significant associations between SAT, VAT, and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group (IVW: OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.18–2.09, p = 0.002) as well as Betaproteobacteria (IVW: OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01–1.29, p = 0.029), both acting as risk factors. Sensitivity analyzes during bidirectional MR did not identify heterogeneity or pleiotropy.ConclusionThis study unveils complex causal relationships between gut microbiota and SAT/VAT, providing novel insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of gut microbiota in obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor versus essential tremor plus: should we target the same spot in the thalamus?
Authors: Yu Cherry H. , Lench Daniel H. , Cooper Christine , Rowland Nathan C. , Takacs Istvan , Revuelta Gonzalo 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAlthough ET is a phenomenologically heterogeneous condition, thalamic DBS appears to be equally effective across subtypes. We hypothesized stimulation sites optimized for individuals with essential tremor (ET) would differ from individuals with essential tremor plus syndrome (ET-plus). We examined group differences in optimal stimulation sites within the ventral thalamus and their overlap of with relevant white matter tracts. By capturing these differences, we sought to determine whether ET subtypes are associated with anatomically distinct neural pathways.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted on ET patients undergoing VIM DBS at MUSC between 01/2012 and 02/2022. Clinical, demographic, neuroimaging, and DBS stimulation parameter data were collected. Clinical characteristics and pre-DBS videos were reviewed to classify ET and ET-plus cohorts. Patients in ET-plus cohorts were further divided into ET with dystonia, ET with ataxia, and ET with others. DBS leads were reconstructed using Lead-DBS1 and the volume of tissue activated (VTA) overlap was performed using normative connectomes. Tremor improvement was measured by reduction in a subscore of tremor rating scale (TRS) post-DBS lateralized to the more affected limb.ResultsSixty-eight ET patients were enrolled after initial screening, of these 10 ET and 24 ET-plus patients were included in the final analyses. ET group had an earlier age at onset (p = 0.185) and underwent surgery at a younger age (p = 0.096). Both groups achieved effective tremor control. No significant differences were found in lead placement or VTA overlap within ventral thalamus. The VTA center of gravity (COG) in the ET-plus cohort was located dorsal to that of the ET cohort. No significant differences were found in VTA overlap with the dentato-rubral-thalamic (DRTT) tracts or the ansa lenticularis. Dystonia was more prevalent than ataxia in the ET-plus subgroups (n = 18 and n = 5, respectively). ET-plus with dystonia subgroup had a more medial COG compared to ET-plus with ataxia.ConclusionVIM DBS therapy is efficacious in patients with ET and ET-plus. There were no significant differences in optimal stimulation site or VTA overlap with white-matter tracts between ET, ET-plus and ET-plus subgroups.