bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio as a prognostic marker for ischemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Feng Xianrong , Zhang Yaodan , Li Qizheng , Wang Baojia , Shen Jie 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio (HRR) has been experimentally associated with the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its relationship with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for AIS remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between HRR at admission, follow-up HRR, and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing MT.MethodsAcute ischemic stroke patients undergoing MT were consecutively enrolled from January 2017 to December 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory information were collected. HRR was measured by dividing hemoglobin (Hb) by red cell distribution width (RDW) at admission and after 24 h of MT. Clinical outcomes after 3 months were evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The primary outcome was poor prognosis (mRS &gt; 2) at 3 months, while the secondary outcome was death within 3 months.ResultsA total of 310 patients were analyzed, of whom 216 patients (69.7%) had poor prognosis, and 92 patients (29.6%) died. Patients with a poor prognosis and death had significantly lower HRR levels at admission and after 24 h. HRR at admission was not associated with clinical outcomes according to multivariable logistic regression analysis. However, HRR after 24 h was significantly associated with poor prognosis (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.646, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.520–0.803, p &lt; 0.001) and death (adjusted OR: 0.615, 95% CI: 0.508–0.744, p &lt; 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the predictive ability of HRR after 24 h, with areas under the curves of 0.790 for poor prognosis and 0.771 for death.ConclusionRapidly measurable HRR levels are an independent marker of outcome after MT in AIS patients. This may provide a reliable auxiliary outcome measure for clinical routine and interventional therapy.
Larger deep white matter hyperintensity volume correlates with more severe social behavioral changes in patients with subacute ischemic stroke
Authors: Qu Jian-Feng , Hu Hui-Hong , Liu Jian-Fei , Zhou Yue-Qiong , Cheng Wei-Yang , Shi Lin , Luo Yi-Shan , Zhao Lei , Chen Yang-Kun 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundChanges in social behavior can occur after ischemic stroke. We aimed to investigate the potential correlations between neuroimaging variables and changes in social behavior in patients who experienced subacute ischemic stroke.MethodsWe prospectively screened patients with first-ever ischemic stroke. Three months after the index stroke, changes in patients’ social behavior were investigated by the Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI), which consists of both deficit and positive groups of behaviors. The protocol of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including the baseline MRI at the acute stage and additional MRI with three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging on follow-up. Using these MRI scans, we assessed the acute infarction and the volumes of various brain structures by an automatic volumetry tool.ResultsEighty patients were enrolled. In univariate analyses, patients with deficit behavioral changes had more left cortical infarction (r = 0.271, p = 0.015), Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale scores (r = 0.227, p = 0.042), DWMH volumes (r = 0.349, p = 0.001), and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores (r = 0.392, p &lt; 0.001). Patients with positive behavioral changes had more frequency of men (r = 0.229, p = 0.041) and a history of hypertension (r = 0.245, p = 0.028). In multiple stepwise linear regression models, after adjusting for age, deep WMH volumes (β = 0.849, 95% confidence interval = 0.352–1.346, p = 0.001) and mRS scores on follow-up (β = 1.821, 95% confidence interval = 0.881–2.76, p &lt; 0.001) were significantly correlated with deficit behavioral changes (R2 = 0.245).ConclusionLarger deep WMH volumes and poorer mRS scores on follow-up were significantly correlated with deficit behavioral changes in patients with subacute ischemic stroke.
Multi-classifier fusion based on belief-value for the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Zhao Feng , Ye Shixin , Zhang Mingli , Lv Ke , Qiao Xiaoyan , Li Yuan , Mao Ning , Ren Yande , Zhang Meiying 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has a significant impact on the health of patients, and early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve their quality of life. Machine learning methods, including multi-classifier fusion, have been widely used for disease diagnosis and prediction with remarkable results. However, current multi-classifier fusion methods lack the ability to measure the belief level of different samples and effectively fuse them jointly.MethodsTo address these issues, a multi-classifier fusion classification framework based on belief-value for ASD diagnosis is proposed in this paper. The belief-value measures the belief level of different samples based on distance information (the output distance of the classifier) and local density information (the weight of the nearest neighbor samples on the test samples), which is more representative than using a single type of information. Then, the complementary relationships between belief-values are captured via a multilayer perceptron (MLP) network for effective fusion of belief-values.ResultsThe experimental results demonstrate that the proposed classification framework achieves better performance than a single classifier and confirm that the fusion method used can effectively fuse complementary relationships to achieve accurate diagnosis.DiscussionFurthermore, the effectiveness of our method has only been validated in the diagnosis of ASD. For future work, we plan to extend this method to the diagnosis of other neuropsychiatric disorders.
Milk fat globule membrane promotes brain development in piglets by enhancing the connection of white matter fiber trace
Authors: Zhang Yingqian , Zhao Bangcheng , Man-Yau Szeto Ignatius , Pan Zhixiang , Gao Lijuan , Li Qinxi , Tang Cheng , Wang Yu , Tang Xun , Zhao Zifu , Hao Jingyu , Duan Sufang , Yan Yalu , Li Ting , Zhong Zhihui 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionBrain development during infancy is crucial for later health and development. Although Milk Fat Globule Membrane (MFGM) has been demonstrated to enhance brain development, further investigation is needed to determine the optimal dose.MethodsIn this study, 80 piglets aged 2 days were randomly assigned to four groups: Control group, MFGM-L (1.74 g MFGM per 100 g diet), MFGM-M (4.64 g MFGM per 100 g diet), and MFGM-H (6.09 g MFGM per 100 g diet). Daily body weight and milk intake of the piglets were recorded until 31 days postnatal. Learning and memory abilities were evaluated using the spatial T-maze test on day 15. MRI analysis was conducted to assess functional and structural changes in brain tissues. Additionally, mRNA and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NTF-3) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were evaluated.ResultsThe results indicated that the MFGM supplemented diet significantly improved the accuracy of the piglets in the T-maze test, with the MFGM-L group exhibiting the best performance. MRI showed no volumetric differences in the gray and white matter between the groups. However, the fractional anisotropy in the left and right hippocampus of piglets in the MFGM-L group was significantly higher than in the other three groups. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between the accuracy of the T-maze test and hippocampal fractional anisotropy.DiscussionThe MFGM supplemented diet also increased the expression of BDNF in the cerebral cortex. However, the changes in BDNF were not consistent with the results of the T-maze test. In conclusion, adding 1.74 g MFGM per 100 g diet can significantly improve neonatal piglets’ learning and memory abilities, potentially by enhancing the connection of white matter fiber bundles in the brain.
A high protein low glycemic index diet has no adverse effect on blood pressure in pregnant women with overweight or obesity: a secondary data analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Larson Elisabeth A. , Magkos Faidon , Zingenberg Helle , Svare Jens , Astrup Arne , Geiker Nina R. W. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe objective of this analysis was to evaluate the effect of a diet rich in animal protein and low in glycemic index on blood pressure during pregnancy.DesignThis post hoc, secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial, evaluated blood pressure in pregnant participants who were randomized either to an ad libitum diet with high protein and low glycemic index, rich in dairy and seafood, or an ad libitum control diet according to national recommendations.SettingThe study occurred in pregnant women in Copenhagen, Denmark.SampleA total of 279 pregnant females with overweight or obesity were enrolled.Methods and outcome measureBlood pressure was measured at 5 timepoints during pregnancy from gestational week 15 through week 36, and blood pressure between groups was compared.ResultsThere were no differences between diet arms in systolic or diastolic blood pressure over time. There were also no differences in most blood-pressure-related pregnancy complications, including the prevalence of premature birth, preeclampsia, or hypertension, but the frequency of total cesarean sections was lower in the active than the control group (16 out of 104 vs. 30 out of 104) (p = 0.02).ConclusionIncreased animal protein intake was not associated with changes in blood pressure in pregnant women with overweight or obesity.Clinical trial registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT01894139].
TPD52L2 as a potential prognostic and immunotherapy biomarker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Hongbo , Liu Zhendong , Du Yuelin , Cheng Xingbo , Gao Shanjun , Gao Yanzheng , Shang Panfeng 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundTumor Protein D52-Like 2 (TPD52L2) is a tumor-associated protein that participates in B-cell differentiation. However, the role of TPD52L2 in the pathological process of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is unclear.MethodsMultiple omics data of ccRCC samples were obtained from public databases, and 5 pairs of ccRCC tissue samples were collected from the operating room. Wilcox, chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier method, receiver operating characteristic curve, regression analysis, meta-analysis, and correlation analysis were used to clarify the relationship of TPD52L2 with clinical features, prognosis, and immune microenvironment. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to reveal the potential pathways in which TPD52L2 participates in the progression of ccRCC. The siRNA technique was used to knockdown in the expression level of TPD52L2 in 786-O cells to verify its effect on ccRCC progression.ResultsFirst, TPD52L2 was found to be upregulated in ccRCC at both mRNA and protein levels. Second, TPD52L2 was significantly associated with poor prognosis and served as an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, TPD52L2 expression was regulated by DNA methylation, and some methylation sites were associated with ccRCC prognosis. Third, TPD52L2 overexpression may participate in the pathological process through various signaling pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, PI3K-Akt, IL-17, Wnt, Hippo signaling pathway, and ECM-receptor interactions. Interestingly, TPD52L2 expression level was also closely related to the abundance of various immune cells, immune checkpoint expression, and TMB. Finally, in vitro experiments confirmed that knocking down TPD52L2 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of ccRCC cells.ConclusionThis study for the first time revealed the upregulation of TPD52L2 expression in ccRCC, which is closely associated with poor prognosis of patients and is a potentially valuable therapeutic and efficacy assessment target for immunotherapy.
Anlotinib combined with transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis B virus: a retrospective controlled study
Authors: Chen Song , Cai Hongjie , Wu Zhiqiang , Tang Shuangyan , Chen Ludan , Wang Fan , Zhuang Wenquan , Guo Wenbo 
Published: November 2023

PurposeTo investigate the efficacy and safety of combined treatment of anlotinib and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.MethodsWe retrospectively collected the data of 96 uHCC patients associated with HBV infection who received either TACE only (TO group; n = 64) or anlotinib combined with TACE (TA group; n = 32) from January 2017 to January 2021. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), tumor response according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) and RECIST 1.1, and adverse events (AEs).ResultsThe median OS and median PFS were significantly longer in the TA group compared to the TO group (17.6 months vs. 9.4 months, p = 0.018; 6.7 months vs. 3.8 months, p = 0.003, respectively). In addition, the overall objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) numerically increased in the TA group (mRECIST, ORR 65.6% vs. 46.9%, p = 0.064, DCR 90.6% vs. 85.9%, p = 0.382; RECIST 1.1, ORR 46.9% vs. 15.6%, p = 0.001, DCR 90.6% vs. 85.9%, p = 0.382, respectively). It was worth noting that no treatment-related mortality occurred during the study. The most common AEs included elevated transaminases (56.3%), decreased appetite (46.9%), and abdominal pain (37.5%) in the TA group. Although the incidence rate of grade 3/4 AEs was higher in the TA group, all of them were controllable.ConclusionsThe combination of anlotinib and TACE has shown promising results in improving outcomes for patients with HBV-related uHCC, as compared to TACE monotherapy. In addition, this combination therapy has demonstrated a controllable safety profile. However, further validation is urgently needed through randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes.
Differentiation between small hepatocellular carcinoma (<3 cm) and benign hepatocellular lesions in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome: the role of multiparametric MR imaging
Authors: Zandieh Ghazal , Shahbazian Haneyeh , Tang Hao , Wu Qingxia , Shaghaghi Mohammadreza , Hazhirkarzar Bita , Baghdadi Azarakhsh , Afyouni Shadi , Verde Franco , Pawlik Timothy , Kamel Ihab 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of multiparametric MR imaging to differentiate between small hepatocellular carcinoma (s-HCC) versus benign liver lesions in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome.Methods12 patients with benign hepatocellular lesions and 32 patients with small (&lt;3 cm) HCCs were assessed. MRI images were reviewed by two radiologists blinded to the patient background information; lesion T1 and T2 signal intensities and ADC values were compared with the background liver. Enhancement of lesion relative to hepatic parenchyma [(T1Enh-T1liver)/T1liver] in the arterial, venous, and delayed phases was also compared between the two groups. A multivariable logistic model was developed using these categorical measures; the predictive value of the model was tested using the Area Under the Receiver operating characteristic (AU-ROC) curve for logistic models. P-values &lt;0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThere were consistent differences in T1lesion/T1liver, and T2lesion/T2liver, and ADClesion/ADCliver between benign hepatocellular lesions versus the sHCC group (p&lt;0.001, p&lt;0.001, p = 0.045, respectively). Lesion-to-background liver enhancement in the portal venous and delayed phases was different between the benign lesions versus sHCC (p=0.001). ROC analysis for the logistic model that included the T1 ratio, T2 ratio, and portal venous enhancement ratio demonstrated excellent discriminatory power with the area under the curve of 0.94.ConclusionMultiparametric MR imaging is a useful method to help differentiate benign liver lesions from sHCC in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome.
Orbital fractures and concurrent ocular injury in a New Zealand tertiary centre
Authors: Theis Nicholas J. , Narsinh Pritesh , Newlands Samuel , Erasmus Jason , Stack Rebecca 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundOrbital fractures are a common presentation to acute care and carry an associated risk of ocular injury, however, previous research has not investigated injury rates by fracture category. These patients are frequently assessed by non-ophthalmic clinicians, however, limited data exists regarding referral patterns and how this impacts recorded injury rates (1–3).MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of all orbital fractures presenting to a tertiary hospital in Christchurch, New Zealand between March 2019 and March 2021. Data including mechanism of injury, fracture type, demographic characteristics, and associated ocular injury were recorded.Results284 patients with orbital fractures were identified. 41% of patients had isolated wall fractures, while 59% had complex orbitofacial fractures. Fractures were more common in males, and occurred more frequently in young individuals. The most common mechanism of injury was interpersonal violence (32%), followed by falls (23%). 41% of patients were reviewed by ophthalmology (n = 118). Of those, 33% had an associated ocular injury. Severe ocular injury (defined as vision threatening, requiring globe surgery or acute lateral canthotomy and cantholysis) occurred in 4.9% of those with formal ophthalmic review. 0.7% of patients required intraocular surgery or lateral canthotomy due to their orbital fracture.ConclusionOrbital fractures have a high rate of concurrent ocular injury in our study population, though rates of subsequent intraocular surgery are low. There was no significant difference in injury rates between isolated and complex fracture categories. Vision-threatening ocular injury occurred in 4.9% of fractures.
Role of the ortho-bridge system in the length unstable subtrochanteric femur fracture in school going children: a retrospective clinical study of 19 cases
Authors: Li Mingjing , Xu Jian , Xiang Jiang , Zhu Chunquan , Dai Zonghui , Li Fan 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundTreating subtrochanteric femur fractures in pediatric patients remains challenging, and an optimal fixation device has yet to be established. This study aimed to asess the clinical and radiological outcomes of Ortho-Bridge System (OBS) treatment for length-unstable subtrochanteric femur fractures in children aged 5–16 years.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients with subtrochanteric femur fractures treated with OBS between January 2018 and December 2021. The study included 19 children (12 boys, 7 girls) with an average age of 10.4 ± 2.6 years. Two of the patients had pathological fractures associated with aneurysmal bone cyst. Demographic information, mechanism of accident, fracture type, associated neurovascular injuries, surgical duration and blood loss, were collected from the hospital database. Time to union and postoperative complications were recorded. Clinical and radiological outcomes were assessed using the Harris scoring system at the latest follow-up.ResultsInjuries resulted from vehicle accidents in 10 patients (52.6%), falls over 3 meters in height in 3 patients (15.8%), and sports-related injuries in 6 patients (31.6%). The average patient weight was 41.5 kg (range: 21–78). Of the fractures, 14 (73.7%) were complex, and 5 (26.3%) were spiral. The average surgical duration was 111 min (range: 90–180), and the average surgical blood loss was 134 ml (range: 70–300). The mean time to union was 12.7 weeks (range: 8–16). No cases of infection, malunion, implant failure, or femoral head osteonecrosis were reported. Leg length discrepancy of 10 mm was observed in one patient. All patients achieved excellent results according to the Harris scoring system.ConclusionThis study suggests that the OBS may serve as an effective alternative fixation option for managing length-unstable subtrochanteric femur fractures in school-aged children.
Multi-level characteristics recognition of cancer core therapeutic targets and drug screening for a broader patient population
Authors: Su Yangguang , Wang Ying , Qu Zhuo , Liu Jiaxin , Ren Xuekun , Zhang Denan , Chen Xiujie 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Target therapy for cancer cell mutation has brought attention to several challenges in clinical applications, including limited therapeutic targets, less patient benefits, and susceptibility to acquired due to their clear biological mechanisms and high specificity in targeting cancers with specific mutations. However, the identification of truly lethal synthetic lethal therapeutic targets for cancer cells remains uncommon, primarily due to compensatory mechanisms.Methods: In our pursuit of core therapeutic targets (CTTs) that exhibit extensive synthetic lethality in cancer and the corresponding potential drugs, we have developed a machine-learning model that utilizes multiple levels and dimensions of cancer characterization. This is achieved through the consideration of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of cancer-specific genes and the construction of a model that integrates statistics and machine learning. The model incorporates statistics such as Wilcoxon and Pearson, as well as random forest. Through WGCNA and network analysis, we identify hub genes in the SL network that serve as CTTs. Additionally, we establish regulatory networks for non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and drug-target interactions.Results: Our model has uncovered 7277 potential SL interactions, while WGCNA has identified 13 gene modules. Through network analysis, we have identified 30 CTTs with the highest degree in these modules. Based on these CTTs, we have constructed networks for ncRNA regulation and drug targets. Furthermore, by applying the same process to lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma, we have identified corresponding CTTs and potential therapeutic drugs. We have also analyzed common therapeutic targets among all three cancers.Discussion: The results of our study have broad applicability across various dimensions and histological data, as our model identifies potential therapeutic targets by learning multidimensional complex features from known synthetic lethal gene pairs. The incorporation of statistical screening and network analysis further enhances the confidence in these potential targets. Our approach provides novel theoretical insights and methodological support for the identification of CTTs and drugs in diverse types of cancer.