bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hohes Interaktionspotenzial volldigitaler Lehrveranstaltungen mit Breakout-Sessions – Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie
Authors: Dombrowski Tobias , Pursche Nils , Beutner Caroline , Beutner Dirk 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der Flipped Classroom (FC) ist eine mittlerweile populäre Variante des Blended Learning mit einem auf den Lernenden zentrierten, didaktischen Ansatz. Hierbei werden vorab Grundlagen eines Themas selbst erarbeitet und in der Präsenzphase gemeinsam vertieft. Getriggert durch die COVID-19-Pandemie haben sich bei ausbleibender Präsenzmöglichkeit neue Ansätze ergeben, einen volldigitalen FC umzusetzen.

Ziel der Arbeit
In dieser Arbeit wurde als Pilotprojekt ein interaktiver, volldigitaler FC mit Elementen kollaborativen Lernens etabliert und die Umsetzung aufgearbeitet.

Material und Methoden
Die FC-Veranstaltung zum Thema „Speicheldrüsenerkrankungen“ wurde in ein volldigitales Konzept transformiert. Nach dem Selbststudium mit digitalen Lerneinheiten oder Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen wurde die Präsenzveranstaltung online abgehalten und mit Breakout-Sessions, interaktiver Demonstration der klinischen Untersuchung inklusive Sonographie und formativem Assessment angereichert. Mit einem Fragebogen mit 27 Items erfolgt die dezidierte Evaluation der Veranstaltung.

Ergebnisse
Durch die Verwendung gängiger Hard- und Software konnte die Veranstaltung auf eine stabile technische Basis gestellt werden. Insgesamt konnten die Antworten von 55 Studierenden in die Auswertung mit einbezogen werden. In den Breakout-Sessions zeigte sich eine hohe Interaktion zwischen den Teilnehmern. Die Bewertung der Veranstaltung und insbesondere des Lernfortschritts zeigten gute Ergebnisse trotz fehlender Vorbereitung der Grundlagen bei 27 % des Untersuchungskollektivs.

Schlussfolgerung
Auch ein volldigitaler FC kann zu hoher Zufriedenheit führen. Für das Gelingen der Veranstaltung ist neben qualitativ hochwertiger Vorbereitung eine stabile technische Basis, ein sorgfältiges Zeitmanagement und eine geeignete Themenwahl erforderlich. Das Einbinden medizinischen Bildmaterials ist dabei in didaktisch guter Qualität möglich. Die zusätzliche Implementation von Breakout-Sessions und Voting-Tools kann dann zu einem für Dozierende und Studierende befriedigenden Lern- und Lehrerfolg in einer volldigitalen Lehrveranstaltung führen.
The role of vision in sensory integration models for predicting motion perception and sickness
Authors: Kotian Varun , Irmak Tugrul , Pool Daan , Happee Riender 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsers of automated vehicles will engage in other activities and take their eyes off the road, making them prone to motion sickness. To resolve this, the current paper validates models predicting sickness in response to motion and visual conditions. We validate published models of vestibular and visual sensory integration that have been used for predicting motion sickness through sensory conflict. We use naturalistic driving data and laboratory motion (and vection) paradigms, such as sinusoidal translation and rotation at different frequencies, Earth-Vertical Axis Rotation, Off-Vertical Axis Rotation, Centrifugation, Somatogravic Illusion, and Pseudo-Coriolis, to evaluate different models for both motion perception and motion sickness. We investigate the effects of visual motion perception in terms of rotational velocity (visual flow) and verticality. According to our findings, the SVCI model, a 6DOF model based on the Subjective Vertical Conflict (SVC) theory, with visual rotational velocity input is effective at estimating motion sickness. However, it does not correctly replicate motion perception in paradigms such as roll-tilt perception during centrifuge, pitch perception during somatogravic illusion, and pitch perception during pseudo-Coriolis motions. On the other hand, the Multi-Sensory Observer Model (MSOM) accurately models motion perception in all considered paradigms, but does not effectively capture the frequency sensitivity of motion sickness, and the effects of vision on sickness. For both models (SVCI and MSOM), the visual perception of rotational velocity strongly affects sickness and perception. Visual verticality perception does not (yet) contribute to sickness prediction, and contributes to perception prediction only for the somatogravic illusion. In conclusion, the SVCI model with visual rotation velocity feedback is the current preferred option to design vehicle control algorithms for motion sickness reduction, while the MSOM best predicts perception. A unified model that jointly captures perception and motion sickness remains to be developed.
Effect of CO2 Concentrations on Entomopathogen Fitness and Insect-Pathogen Interactions
Authors: Herren Pascal , Dunn Alison M. , Meyling Nicolai V. , Savio Carlotta , Hesketh Helen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNumerous insect species and their associated microbial pathogens are exposed to elevated CO2 concentrations in both artificial and natural environments. However, the impacts of elevated CO2 on the fitness of these pathogens and the susceptibility of insects to pathogen infections are not well understood. The yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, is commonly produced for food and feed purposes in mass-rearing systems, which increases risk of pathogen infections. Additionally, entomopathogens are used to control T. molitor, which is also a pest of stored grains. It is therefore important to understand how elevated CO2 may affect both the pathogen directly and impact on host-pathogen interactions. We demonstrate that elevated CO2 concentrations reduced the viability and persistence of the spores of the bacterial pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis. In contrast, conidia of the fungal pathogen Metarhizium brunneum germinated faster under elevated CO2. Pre-exposure of the two pathogens to elevated CO2 prior to host infection did not affect the survival probability of T. molitor larvae. However, larvae reared at elevated CO2 concentrations were less susceptible to both pathogens compared to larvae reared at ambient CO2 concentrations. Our findings indicate that whilst elevated CO2 concentrations may be beneficial in reducing host susceptibility in mass-rearing systems, they may potentially reduce the efficacy of the tested entomopathogens when used as biological control agents of T. molitor larvae. We conclude that CO2 concentrations should be carefully selected and monitored as an additional environmental factor in laboratory experiments investigating insect-pathogen interactions.
Proteome-Wide Analysis of Lysine 2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation in Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Zheng Hailin , Mei Huan , Li Xiaofang , Li Dongmei , Liu Weida 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAspergillus fumigatus is the significant causative agent in cases of invasive aspergillosis, leading to a high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. A comprehensive understanding of its growth patterns and metabolic processes within the host is a critical prerequisite for the development of effective antifungal strategies. Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is a highly conserved protein posttranslational modifications (PTM) found in various organisms. In this study, we investigate the biological impact of Khib in A. fumigatus. Using a combination of antibody enrichment with the conventional LC–MS/MS method, the pattern of Khib-modification in proteins and their respective sites were analyzed in a wild type strain of A. fumigatus. Our findings revealed 3494 Khib-modified proteins with a total of 18,091 modified sites in this strain. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these Khib-modified proteins participate in a diverse range of cellular functions, spanning various subcellular locations such as ribosome biosynthesis, protein synthesis and nucleocytoplasmic transport. Notably, when compared with other reported eukaryotes, A. fumigatus exhibited consistently higher numbers of Khib-modified proteins, suggesting the potential significance of this modification in this organism. An interesting observation is the prevalence of Khib modifications in most enzymes involved in the ergosterol synthesis pathway. The insights gathered from this study provide new avenue for studying PTM-associated mechanisms in fungal growth and offer potential implication for antifungal drug development.
Neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta- a matched cohort study
Authors: Toussia-Cohen Shlomi , Castel Elias , Friedrich Lior , Mor Nizan , Ohayon Aviran , Levin Gabriel , Meyer Raanan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) are associated with severe maternal morbidities. The aim of this study is to describe the neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated with PAS compared with pregnancies not complicated by PAS.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study conducted at a single tertiary center between 03/2011 and 01/2022, comparing women with PAS who underwent cesarean delivery (CD) to a matched control group of women without PAS who underwent CD. We evaluated the following adverse neonatal outcomes: umbilical artery pH < 7.0, umbilical artery base excess ≤ − 12, APGAR score < 7 at 5 min, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, seizures and neonatal death. We also evaluated a composite adverse neonatal outcome, defined as the occurrence of at least one of the adverse neonatal outcomes described above. Multivariable regression analysis was used to determine which adverse neonatal outcome were independently associated with the presence of PAS.

Results
265 women with PAS were included in the study group and were matched to 1382 controls. In the PAS group compared with controls, the rate of composite adverse neonatal outcomes was significantly higher (33.6% vs. 18.7%, respectively, p < 0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, Apgar score < 7 at 5 min, NICU admission and composite adverse neonatal outcome were independently associated with PAS.

Conclusion
Neonates in PAS pregnancies had higher rates of adverse outcomes. Apgar score < 7 at 5 min, NICU admission and composite adverse neonatal outcome were independently associated with PAS.
The poor prognosis of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma: a clinical study and literature review
Authors: Liu Rui , Ren Tingting , Li Jing , Wang Nan , Xu Liangyuan , Guo Qihan , Zhang Hong , Ma Jianmin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The incidence of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma is low. This study was designed to analyze the clinical and prognostic characteristics of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma.

Methods
This was a clinical study and literature review; 25 patients diagnosed with lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma by histopathology were enrolled and their medical history data were collected.

Results
The incidence of bone destruction and surrounding tissue invasion was 52% and 44%, respectively. The incidence of distant metastasis of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma was about 50%. The 5-year overall survival rate of death or metastasis was 33.5%. Age, sex, laterality, tumor size, pathology type, bone destruction, nerve or perineural invasion, invasion of peripheral tissue, T stage, AR, Her-2 and treatment had no significant correlation with lacrimal adenocarcinoma’s prognosis (P > 0.05), while the higher expression of Ki-67 may have higher risk of death or metastasis (P = 0.020).

Conclusion
The incidence of bone destruction and distant metastasis of lacrimal adenocarcinoma is high and the imaging examination is necessary to assess the risk of distant metastasis. The 5-year survival rate of death or metastasis is 33.5% and the high expression of Ki-67 predicts poor prognosis of lacrimal adenocarcinoma.
Human papillomavirus E7 protein induces homologous recombination defects and PARPi sensitivity
Authors: He Siqi , Wang Ao , Wang Jing , Tang Zizhi , Wang Xiaojun , Wang Danqing , Chen Jie , Liu Cong , Zhao Mingcai , Chen Hui , Song Liang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy, pathologically associated with persistent infection of high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). Previous studies revealed that HPV-positive cervical cancer displays genomic instability; however, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood.

Methods
To investigate if DNA damage responses are aggravated in precancerous lesions of HPV-positive cervical epithelium, cervical tissues were biopsied and cryosectioned, and subjected to immunofluorescent staining. Cloned HA-tagged E6 and E7 genes of HPV16 subtype were transfected into HEK293T or C33A cells, and indirect immunofluorescent staining was applied to reveal the competency of double strand break (DSB) repair. To test the synthetic lethality of E7-indued HRD and PARP inhibitor (PARPi), we expressed E7 in C33A cells in the presence or absence of olaparib, and evaluated cell viability by colony formation.

Results
In precancerous lesions, endogenous DNA lesions were elevated along with the severity of CIN grade. Expressing high-risk viral factor (E7) in HPV-negative cervical cells did not impair checkpoint activation upon genotoxic insults, but affected the potential of DSB repair, leading to homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). Based on this HPV-induced genomic instability, the viability of E7-expressing cells was reduced upon exposure to PARPi in comparison with control cells.

Conclusion
In aggregate, our findings demonstrate that HPV-E7 is a potential driver for genome instability and provides a new angle to understand its role in cancer development. The viral HRD could be employed to target HPV-positive cervical cancer via synthetic lethality.
Begleitsedierung bei Behandlungsverzicht mit Sterbewunsch oder beim Sterbefasten: eine ethische Stellungnahme
Authors: Schöne-Seifert Bettina , Birnbacher Dieter , Dufner Annette , Rauprich Oliver 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag befasst sich mit Sedierungen von Patienten am Lebensende. In der Regel werden Sedierungen nur als ultima ratio vorgenommen, wenn die Betroffenen dem Tod bereits nahe sind und Leidenssymptome aufweisen, die anders nicht zu lindern sind. Doch wie sind Fälle zu beurteilen, in denen Patienten sich selbstbestimmt für einen Behandlungs- oder einen Flüssigkeits‑/Nahrungsverzicht entscheiden, um zu sterben, und dafür eine „Begleitsedierung“ erbitten oder erwarten – auch wenn dies aus medizinischer Sicht über eine Anwendung von Sedierung als letztes Mittel hinausgeht? Wir argumentieren hier dafür, dass Zusage wie Anwendung einer Begleitsedierung ethisch und rechtlich nicht nur als ultima ratio, sondern grundsätzlich zulässig sind. Eine klare Verpflichtung zu sedieren sehen wir darüber hinaus bei akutem Leiden jeder Art, während in einigen anderen Konstellationen Vorbehalte individueller Ärzte gegenüber vermeintlich verfrühten oder unnötigen Sedierungen respektiert werden müssen. Vor dem Hintergrund des ethischen und juridischen Grundrechts auf ein selbstbestimmtes Sterben plädieren wir allerdings dafür, auch solche Vorbehalte zu überdenken. Die medizinischen Leitlinien sollten entsprechend überarbeitet werden.
Detector development for particle physics
Authors: Waid Simon , Maier Jürgen , Gaggl Philipp , Gsponer Andreas , Sieberer Patrick , Babeluk Maximilian , Bergauer Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn high-energy physics experiments, tracking and vertexing is nowadays mostly done using semiconductor detectors. Among the employed detectors are hybrid pixel sensors, passive sensors and recently also depleted monolithic active pixel sensors (DMAPS), which integrate the particle sensor with front-end electronics. Currently, the dominant material for the production of such sensors is silicon. However, the use of silicon carbide is currently being investigated. In this work we report on our progress on the development of silicon-based DMAPS. Further, we present two approaches for reading out passive silicon carbide detectors at particle rates from the kHz to the GHz range.
Virus-induced brain pathology and the neuroinflammation-inflammation continuum: the neurochemists view
Authors: Sian-Hulsmann Jeswinder , Riederer Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFascinatingly, an abundance of recent studies has subscribed to the importance of cytotoxic immune mechanisms that appear to increase the risk/trigger for many progressive neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. Events associated with the neuroinflammatory cascades, such as ageing, immunologic dysfunction, and eventually disruption of the blood–brain barrier and the “cytokine storm”, appear to be orchestrated mainly through the activation of microglial cells and communication with the neurons. The inflammatory processes prompt cellular protein dyshomeostasis. Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease share a common feature marked by characteristic pathological hallmarks of abnormal neuronal protein accumulation. These Lewy bodies contain misfolded α-synuclein aggregates in PD or in the case of AD, they are Aβ deposits and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. Subsequently, these abnormal protein aggregates further elicit neurotoxic processes and events which contribute to the onset of neurodegeneration and to its progression including aggravation of neuroinflammation. However, there is a caveat for exclusively linking neuroinflammation with neurodegeneration, since it’s highly unlikely that immune dysregulation is the only factor that contributes to the manifestation of many of these neurodegenerative disorders. It is unquestionably a complex interaction with other factors such as genetics, age, and environment. This endorses the “multiple hit hypothesis”. Consequently, if the host has a genetic susceptibility coupled to an age-related weakened immune system, this makes them more susceptible to the virus/bacteria-related infection. This may trigger the onset of chronic cytotoxic neuroinflammatory processes leading to protein dyshomeostasis and accumulation, and finally, these events lead to neuronal destruction. Here, we differentiate “neuroinflammation” and “inflammation” with regard to the involvement of the blood–brain barrier, which seems to be intact in the case of neuroinflammation but defect in the case of inflammation. There is a neuroinflammation-inflammation continuum with regard to virus-induced brain affection. Therefore, we propose a staging of this process, which might be further developed by adding blood- and CSF parameters, their stage-dependent composition and stage-dependent severeness grade. If so, this might be suitable to optimise therapeutic strategies to fight brain neuroinflammation in its beginning and avoid inflammation at all.
Augmented reality for sailing: a comparative study of head stabilized vs boat stabilized visualization data for wind and bearing angle
Authors: Laera Francesco , Foglia Mario Massimo , Fiorentino Michele 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe wind has been a natural and renewable resource used for professional and recreational maritime transportation of small and large vessels since human history. Sailing is making a comeback due to the growing focus on sustainability, accelerated by the recent global energy crisis. Seafarers rely on wind and bearing angle visualization to navigate efficiently and safely, thanks to the use of sensors and compasses. This paper focuses on Augmented Reality in Head-Mounted Displays visualization of wind and bearing angle data. We analyzed the literature and generated a heatmap of the used areas in the user’s field of view. Second, we designed and implemented two interfaces that use two different visualization techniques: Boat Stabilized (BS) and Head Stabilized (HS). We compared them in between the subject experiment (N = 44), using a simulated Virtual Reality simulator of the sailing scenario. The user’s primary task is wind events recognition, while obstacles (buoys) detection is secondary. We measured both task errors and reaction time, and submit NASA RTLX, SUS, UEQ, and visive auditive and kinesthetic (VAK) questionnaires. We found that BS has a significantly lower reaction time and better usability in the primary and secondary tasks. Both visualization techniques have similar users perceived cognitive load and user experience evaluation. VAK test showed that BS is better for kinaesthetic types and HS is better for visual types.
Migraine chronification as an allostatic disorder: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Calabrò Calogero , Di Tillo Eliana , Pensato Umberto , Zenesini Corrado , Favoni Valentina , Fontana Camilla , Cevoli Sabina , Tossani Eliana , Cortelli Pietro , Grandi Silvana , Pierangeli Giulia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
The underpinning biologics of migraine chronification are not well understood. We aim to investigate the role of the cumulative burden of stress, namely the allostatic load, in migraine chronification.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. The allostatic load was measured with a composite multi-system score (BALI: Bologna Allostatic Load Index), evaluating 20 biomarkers representing four physiological systems: immune, metabolic, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrinological systems. BALI score was subdivided into high score and low score based on the distribution in controls. Migraine patients were included and subclassified into low-frequency episodic migraine group (low-EM group), high-frequency episodic migraine group (high-EM group), and chronic migraine group (CM group).

Results
The distribution of BALI high-score increased in parallel with headache attacks monthly frequency: 16% in low-EM group (n = 10), 24% in high-EM group (n = 12), and 40% in CM group (n = 21) (p = 0.017). In a multivariable analysis, the odds ratio of having a high-score BALI in CM patients (vs. low-EM patients) was 2.78 (95% CI 1.07–7.22; p = 0.036). Individual BALI biomarkers values which were significantly different among migraine subgroups included systolic blood pressure (p = 0.018), diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), and heart rate (p = 0.019).

Conclusion
Our study substantiates this emerging concept of migraine chronification as an allostatic disorder.
Motion Transition Under Urgent Change of Target Step-stone During Three-Dimensional Biped Walking
Authors: Zhang Runming , Yu Zhangguo , Chen Xuechao , Huang Qiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractControlling a biped robot to walk through rough terrains is crucial to the robot’s field application. For a human in the workplace, the ability to flexibly transfer motion while walking in some urgent circumstances is necessary. Explicitly, the according scenario can be dodging an approaching object or instantly modifying the target place to step on. The function is also important for humanoid robot workers. Therefore, we proposed a walking control framework that achieves three-dimensional (3-D) walking and transfers the whole body motion when the target stepping location is urgently changed. The proposed framework contains a motion planner which outputs the desired center of mass (CoM) and center of pressure (CoP) trajectories in 3-D space and a hierarchical whole body controller (WBC) that outputs corresponding whole body joints’ trajectories. In the motion planner, the CoM jerk for each loop is calculated by the Linear-Quadratic-Tracker (LQT), a variation of the Linear-Quadratic-Regulator (LQR). The LQT coefficients adapt to the adjusted step length, making the desired CoM and CoP trajectories respond flexibly to the change of target step-stone. In WBC, three levels of tasks are defined, which meet dynamic, kinematic, and viable contact constraints, respectively. The optimal joints’ angular accelerations are obtained by exploiting the nullspace of the first two levels tasks and by quadratic programming (QP) for the third-level task. In the simulations, our method is demonstrated to be effective for the robot to transfer the motion under urgent change of the target step-stone.