bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Candida Antibodies of Patients with Invasive Candidiasis Inhibit Growth, Alter Cell Wall Structure, and Kill Candida albicans In Vitro
Authors: Carrano Giulia , Arrieta-Aguirre Inés , Díez Ander , Bregón-Villahoz Marta , Fernandez-de-Larrinoa Iñigo , Moragues María-Dolores 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInvasive candidiasis (IC), caused by Candida yeasts, particularly Candida albicans, poses a significant threat with high mortality rates. Diagnosis is challenging due to Candida's common presence in human microbiota. To address this, our research group developed an immunofluorescence assay detecting Candida albicans Germ Tube Antibodies (CAGTA) in IC patients. CAGTA, indicative of invasive processes, is associated with a lower mortality rate in ICU patients. Based on this premise, this study aims to provide results regarding the lack of knowledge about the potential activity of CAGTA against invasive infections in humans caused by the fungus Candida albicans. Therefore, in order to characterize the activity of CAGTA produced by patients with IC, we used sera from 29 patients with IC caused by either C. albicans or non-albicans Candida species. Whole serum IgG antibodies were fractionated into anti-blastospores, CAGTA-enriched, and purified CAGTA and the assessments included XTT colorimetric assays for metabolic activity, CFU counts for viability, and microscopy for growth, viability, and morphological analysis. The CAGTA-enriched IgG fraction significantly reduced the metabolic activity and viability of C. albicans compared to anti-blastospores. Purified CAGTA altered germ tube cell wall surfaces, as revealed by electron microscopy, and exhibited fungicidal properties by DiBAC fluorescent staining. In conclusion, antibodies in response to invasive candidiasis have antifungal activity against Candida albicans, influencing metabolic activity, viability, and cell wall structure, leading to cell death. These findings suggest the potential utility of CAGTA as diagnostic markers and support the possibility of developing immunization protocols against Candida infections.
TSCF: An Improved Deep Forest Model for Time Series Classification
Authors: Dai Mingxin , Yuan Jidong , Liu Haiyang , Wang Jinfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe deep forest presents a novel approach that yields competitive performance when compared to deep neural networks. Nevertheless, there are limited studies on the application of deep forest to time series classification (TSC) tasks, and the direct use of deep forest cannot effectively capture the relevant characteristics of time series. For that, this paper proposes time series cascade forest (TSCF), a model specifically designed for TSC tasks. TSCF relies on four base classifiers, i.e., random forest, completely random forest, random shapelet forest, and diverse representation canonical interval forest, allowing for feature learning on the original data from three granularities: point, subsequence, and summary statistics calculated based on intervals. The major contribution of this work, is to define an ensemble and deep classifier that significantly outperforms the individual classifiers and the original deep forest. Experimental results show that TSCF outperforms other forest-based algorithms for solving TSC problems.
Healthcare consumer acceptability of routine use of the EQ-5D-5L in clinical care: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Snowdon David A. , Collyer Taya A. , Marsh Lucy , Srikanth Velandai , Beare Richard , Baber Stephanie , Naude Kim , Andrew Nadine E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Patient reported outcome measures, such as the EQ-5D-5L, provide a measure of self-perceived health status or health-related quality of life. Understanding the consumer acceptability of a patient reported outcome measure can help to decide about its implementation across a healthcare organisation and possibly increase the likelihood of its use in clinical care. This study established the acceptability of the EQ-5D-5L from the perspective of clients receiving healthcare, and determined if acceptability varied by client sub-types.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey explored clients’ experience of the EQ-5D-5L. Eligible clients were aged ≥ 18 years and completed the EQ-5D-5L on admission and discharge to one of two multi-disciplinary community health services. Likert scale items explored acceptability, and open-ended questions determined if the EQ-5D-5L reflects experience of illness. Associations between acceptability and client characteristics were established using χ2 test. Open-ended questions were analysed using content analysis.

Results
Most of the 304 clients (mean age 70 years, SD 16) agreed that the EQ-5D-5L: was easy to use/understand (n = 301, 99%) and useful (n = 289, 95%); improved communication with their therapist (n = 275, 90%); and made them feel more in control of their health (n = 276, 91%). Most clients also agreed that they wished to continue using the EQ-5D-5L (n = 285, 93%). Clients aged ≥ 60 years reported lower acceptability. Clients noted that the EQ-5D-5L did not capture experience of illness related to fatigue, balance/falls, cognition, and sleep.

Conclusion
The EQ-5D-5L is acceptable for use in care but does not capture all aspects of health relevant to clients, and acceptability varies by subgroup.
Enhancement of in vitro production of tropane alkaloids and phenolic compounds in Hyoscyamus niger by culture types and elicitor treatments
Authors: Albayrak İlknur , Demirci Tunahan , Baydar Nilgün Göktürk 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effects of 24-epibrasinolide (EBL) and methyl jasmonate (MJ) treatments on growth parameters and secondary metabolite synthesis in adventitious root and cell suspension cultures of Hyoscyamus niger. Therefore, different concentrations (0.5, 1 and 2 mg L−1) of EBL alone and combined with 224.3 mg L−1 (1 mM) MJ were applied to root and cell suspension cultures. 2 mg L−1 and 1 mg L−1 EBL were determined as the treatments in which the highest values were obtained in terms of growth criteria in root and cell cultures, respectively. In root cultures, the highest scopolamine accumulation (2.57 mg g−1) was obtained from the combination of 2 mg L−1 EBL and MJ, while the highest value (0.66 mg g−1) for hyoscyamine was observed in the roots treated with 1 mg L−1 EBL and MJ. In cell cultures, 2 mg L−1 EBL for scopolamine and 0.5 mg L−1 EBL for hyoscyamine were found to be the best applications and calculated as 0.51 µg g−1 and 0.28 µg g−1, respectively. EBL and MJ treatments also stimulated total phenolic content (TPC). The highest TPC in root cultures was detected as 18.01 mg g−1 with the combination of MJ while in cell cultures, maximum TPC was observed in cells applied with 2 mg L−1 EBL and MJ as 11.56 mg g−1. When EBL and MJ were applied to root and cell suspension cultures, significant changes occurred in the amount of phenolic compounds. Co-application of EBL and MJ significantly increased the amount of gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, cinnamic acid and chlorogenic acid in root cultures. The application of 2 mg L−1 EBL was determined as the most suitable application for gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, and caffeic acid in cell cultures. It was also found that the metabolite production performance of adventitious roots was higher than that of cells. In conclusion, it was suggested that the use of MJ and EBL may be a promising strategy to enhance the accumulation of scopolamine, hyoscyamine and phenolics in root and cell cultures of H. niger.
Analysing Coastal Flood Risk: Assessing the Impact on Critical Water Infrastructures
Authors: Couñago Estefanía , García-Pintos Adela , Caballero Gloria , León-Mateos Fernando 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere is a need to enhance the resilience of critical infrastructures. The effects of climate change have already led to increased flooding of critical water infrastructure. Furthermore, predictions indicate that more infrastructures will be affected in the future. Currently, methods for accurately quantifying the economic losses resulting from sea level rise and extreme weather events are lacking. This article proposes a risk assessment methodology for coastal flooding in the Galicia region of Spain. The method estimates the losses incurred by water infrastructure and indirect industry losses due to the interruption of water infrastructure services. The results indicate that losses currently exceed 90 million euros due to extreme weather events. In the most pessimistic scenario, these losses increase to 127 million euros in 2050 and 451 million euros in 2100. In both cases, indirect industry losses account for more than 80% of the total losses.
Cwikel–Lieb–Rozenblum inequalities for the Coulomb Hamiltonian
Authors: Selvi Andrés Díaz 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe prove sharp Cwikel–Lieb–Rozenblum type inequalities for the Coulomb Hamiltonian in dimension higher than five. We furthermore show that the classical constant obtained from Weyl asymptotics doesn’t hold in dimensions four and five.
Calf circumference as a surrogate indicator for detecting low muscle mass in hospitalized geriatric patients
Authors: Kiss Caroline M. , Bertschi Dominic , Beerli Nadine , Berres Manfred , Kressig Reto W. , Fischer Andreas M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is characterized by low muscle strength, decreased muscle mass, and decline in physical performance. While the measurements of muscle strength and physical performance are easy to perform, an accurate evaluation of muscle mass is technically more demanding. We therefore evaluated the suitability of calf circumference (CC) as a clinical indicator for muscle mass.

Methods
In a cross-sectional single-centre study, geriatric inpatients were assessed for sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) consensus. Calf circumference was tested for correlation with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to calculate the discriminatory value of the CC cut-off values to differentiate patients above and below ASMI cut-offs for sarcopenia.

Results
In this study population (n = 305, age 83.5 ± 7.0 years, BMI 25.7 kg/m2, 65.6% female), the prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.6%. In subjects with low ASMI, mean CC was 29.5 ± 3.4 cm for females and 32.0 ± 3.4 cm for males. A positive relationship between CC and ASMI was found. The optimized cut-off value for CC to identify patients with low ASMI was <31.5 cm for females (sensitivity 78%, specificity 79%), and <33.5 cm for males (sensitivity 71%, specificity 62%).

Conclusion
In clinical settings where imaging technology for muscle mass quantification is not available, simple calf circumference measurement may be used as a dependable indicator for low muscle mass in older adults.
A Multiscale View of Verbal Behavior
Authors: Simon Carsta 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In order to introduce a new way of understanding human speech, the article connects two independent lines of Skinner’s research: his work on verbal behavior and on connecting behavior analysis to evolution. The article discusses an empirical study as an example motivated by this connection. Similar to biologists’ suggestion that natural selection can operate on multiple nested levels, Baum (The Behavior Analyst, 36(2), 283–293, 2013) argues that operant behavior is best understood in terms of nested units. Because verbal behavior is operant behavior, Baum’s view should apply to verbal behavior. We conducted the first experiment designed to explore empirical implications of applying this framework. Six pairs of native Norwegian speaking participants communicated verbally while solving a puzzle task together. We investigated if verbal signals occurred to aid navigation between nested levels of the task. 25,191 words were transcribed, revealing that “Ok” was most frequently spoken at the start of the whole activity with a decreasing trend when starting the description of lower-level units, whereas “Også” / “Og så” (“and” / “and well”) became more frequent as the level of activity decreased. “Ja” (“yes”) most frequently concluded all activity levels. These findings can benefit future studies aiming at experimentally manipulating the verbal stimuli found to guide movement between activity levels. The conceptual argument and empirical example are spelled out to inspire further refinements of the connection between verbal behavior and evolution.
Geologic causatives of the stratigraphic and structural heterogeneties of Baharyia formation, based on their seismic interpretation, Razzak field, Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Metwally Mostafa M. , El-Ata Ahmed S. A. Abu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEvaluation of seismic attributes and seismic reflection characteristics analysis of Razzak Field was undertaken by subdividing the study area rock units. There are four seismo-facies units of varying parameters from top to bottom. These units are comparable to the Apollonia and Khoman Formations; the Abu-Roash Formation; Baharyia Formation and Alamein Formation. The seismo-facies unit 1 of the Apollonia and Khoman Formations reveal parallel to sub-parallel layering, with thickness increases northwards. The lithological distribution consists of limestone with minor clay intercalations with facies varying from middle neritic graded to outer neritic. Unit 2 of the Abu-Roash Formation shows divergent layering, with a thickness increasing gradually northwards and eastwards. The lithological distribution shows predominance of carbonate, sandstone occurring in minor portions and laterally graded into shale with littoral facies ranging to inner and middle neritic facies. Unit 3 of the Baharyia Formation reveals chaotic and oblique layering with a time thickness increases towards northeast and southwest parts, the lithological distribution exhibited sand and shale with minor limestone streaks, with facies varied changed from continental to inner-middle neritic, unit 4 of the Alamein Formation shows variation from parallel-subparallel orientation to oblique and chaotic with thickness increasing towards northwards and eastwards, the lithological distribution exhibited dolomitic limestone with minor streaks of limestone with facies varied from middle neritic facies to outer neritic and bathyal. Finally, the results are integrated to build up a seismo-stratigraphic model of the evaluated area of the northwestern Desert of Egypt. Seismic interpretation involves the construction of structure contour maps, in terms of time and depth, on the tops of the Apollonia, Abu-Roash, Baharyia and Alamein Formations. These maps show three structural closures, due to folding, that are dissected by NW–SE faults, analysis of relevant structural and stratigraphic seismic attributes such as root-mean-square amplitude, local structural dip, variance, ISO frequency component, sweetness and acoustic impedance average energy applied on reservoir tops, to enhance the visibility of faults, geological interpretation and the physical parameters of the subsurface related to lithology and stratigraphy for reservoir characterization. Finally, the results obtained are used to construct a seismic structural model. Integration of seismic and stratigraphic data is used to build a geological model of the northwestern Desert of Egypt.
Earth observation technologies, policies and legislation for the coastal flood risk assessment and management: a European perspective
Authors: Velegrakis A. F. , Chatzistratis D. , Chalazas T. , Armaroli C. , Schiavon E. , Alves B. , Grigoriadis D. , Hasiotis T. , Ieronymidi E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this contribution is to provide a brief overview of the current and future earth observation (EO) technologies that can be used to assess and manage the EU coastal flood risk, together with the pertinent international and EU policies and legislation. The review has shown that EOs have become an indispensable technology for the assessment and management of the coastal flood risk, and their role will increase further in the future when EO information of higher resolution and accuracy become available. With regard to the relevant policies and legislation, their common thread is associated with the promotion and facilitation of the development of appropriate data and tools for high-quality and timely geo-spatial information based on EO technologies. In Europe, in particular, this development is promoted and facilitated by an array of international and supra-national (EU), interacting policies and legislation. It appears, however, that additional initiatives and technological progress in EO functionalities and the information technology are needed together with more targeted policy and legislation frameworks to provide vital information for the management of the coastal flood risk.
Development of photocatalytic and electrocatalytic coatings via thermal spraying for environmental and energy storage applications: a short review
Authors: Yu Zexin , Wang Botong , Gui Longen , Liu Meimei , Liu Shaowu , Moliere Michel , LIAO Hanlin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the development of society, human beings are facing environmental problems and an energy crisis worldwide. In this context, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis represent promising technologies to help solving these issues. Up to now, most of the catalysts intended for these usages are prepared via time-consuming wet-chemical approaches, e.g. hydrothermal or sol–gel methods. Moreover, these techniques produce powdery catalysts which need not only a post-filtration step, but also a shaping by a binder for their final applications, which makes the manufacturing cumbersome. Thermal spraying is currently a well-established deposition technique that is capable of elaborating a wide series of functional coatings based on all classes of materials (metals, polymers, ceramics) and featuring tunable compositions as well as micro- and nanostructures. In particular, thermal involving liquid feedstock, and more specifically precursor solutions or suspensions, have allowed generating a wide range of coating thicknesses, from the ten-micron to the submicron/nano scale, increasing thereby the possibilities for enhancing catalytic performances. The present review sets out marking researches relating to the preparation and testing of (i) some photocatalytic coatings intended for the degradation of aqueous organic pollutants and (ii) electrocatalytic coatings investigated as potential energy storage devices. This paper will not only deal with the preparation of catalysts via different thermal spray processes, but also will cover the adjustment of phase compositions and microstructures that are rendered possible when using liquid feedstock thermal spray techniques with the prospect of optimizing the catalytic performances.
High expression of PAFAH1B3 results in poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients and is associated with tumor cell pyroptosis genes
Authors: Hu Bowen , Du Lingyu , Yuan Guangda , Yang Yong , Li Ming , Tan Jie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common cancer with a poor prognosis. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform Ib, gamma subunit 29 kDa (PAFAH1B3) plays an important role in the development of many types of human malignancies. However, the precise role and mechanisms of PAFAH1B3 in LUAD are still unknown.Therefore, we will initially explore the effect of PAFAH1B3 on LUAD in this study.

Methods
In this study, we first performed a pan-cancer analysis of PAFAH1B3 expression and prognosis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) data, and GEPIA database. Next, the relationship between PAFAH1B3 expression and LUAD immune infiltration and pyroptosis-related genes was explored by GEPIA database and TIMER database. The effect of PAFAH1B3 on LUAD was further explored by CCK-8, wound healing, and Transwell assays. Finally, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that may be involved in the regulation of PAFAH1B3 was explored using Starbase database analysis.

Results
The results found that PAFAH1B3 may be an oncogene in LUAD and has a significant adverse relationship with tumor immune cell infiltration, immune cell biomarkers and pyroptosis-related gene expression. Meanwhile, cell experiments also found that PAFAH1B3 knockout significantly reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells.

Conclusions
PAFAH1B3 high expression in LUAD patients is associated with poor prognosis, tumor immune infiltration, and cell pyroptosis gene expression.
Association for the Study of Modern Italy (ASMI) Summer School 2023: conference report
Authors: Ferrara degli Uberti Carlotta , Brogi Chiara , Bertorelli Karen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis report is about the ASMI Summer School held in Pisa on 22–23 June 2023. The conference focused on twentieth-century history issues: gender studies, cultural studies, resistance studies, fascism studies and mafia studies, with the addition of a round table and two keynote lectures, which discussed the profession of the modern historian and the history of racism in Italy from the Second World War to the present.
Stratal overgeneration is necessary: metrically incoherent syncope in Southern Pomo
Authors: Kaplan Max J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSouthern Pomo (Pomoan, California) displays a process of rhythmic vowel deletion (syncope) reflecting two mutually incompatible metrical structures. This phenomenon, calledmetrical incoherence, can be derived by an ordered sequence of independent subgrammars, that is, strata. Metrical incoherence is under-attested crosslinguistically, and the stratal models of phonology necessary to generate it have been criticised for predicting counter-typological phenomena. Nevertheless, the Southern Pomo data cannot be generated in more restrictive frameworks. This article argues that overgeneration is a necessary property of the phonological component, and that metrical incoherence is rare because it is difficult to learn. In Southern Pomo, this difficulty appears to have caused grammatical competition and restructuring: a second pattern of syncope, occurring in only a limited context, suggests that learners have reanalysed the grammar as having consistent metrical structure across the derivation. This work thus supports the proposal that diachronic change – and therefore typology – is constrained by extragrammatical factors.