bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the impact of trade policy effect uncertainty on firm‐level innovation investment
Authors: Chen Daniel , Hu Nan , Liang Peng , Swink Morgan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDrawing on real options and resource dependence theories, this study examines how firms adjust their innovation investments to address trade policy effect uncertainty (TPEU), a type of firm‐specific, perceived environmental uncertainty capturing managers' difficulty in predicting the impacts of potential policy changes on business operations. To develop a context‐dependent, time‐varying measure of TPEU, we apply bidirectional encoder representations from transformers, an advanced deep learning technique. We analyze the texts of mandatory management discussion and analysis sections of annual reports from 3181 publicly listed Chinese firms. Our sample comprises 22,669 firm‐year observations spanning the years 2007 to 2019. The econometric analyses show that firms experiencing higher TPEU will reduce innovation investments. This effect is stronger for firms facing lower competition, involving more foreign sales, and not owned by the state. These findings provide clarity on previously inconclusive results by showcasing the significant influence of policy effect uncertainty, as opposed to policy state uncertainty, on firms' decisions regarding innovation investments. Additionally, these findings underscore the importance of resource dependence factors as crucial contextual factors in this decision‐making process.
Waveguide‐based Raman enhancement strategies
Authors: Zhao Junyi , Cao Xiumian , Xu Weiqing , Xu Shuping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWaveguide‐enhanced Raman scattering (WERS) is a powerful branch of enhanced Raman technologies that has gained significant progress in recent years because of its advantages, such as reproducibility and robustness. As a complementary tool to surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), WERS provides a powerful solution for reproducible quantification of analytes. According to different Raman enhancement mechanisms, five major WERS implementation strategies, namely, (1) single‐mode dielectric waveguide, (2) liquid core waveguide, (3) metal cladding waveguide, (4) resonance mirror waveguide, and (5) double metal cladding waveguide, are classified and described in detail in this review. The flexibility of WERS structures makes them easy to be integrated with 2D devices to obtain a complete on‐chip detection scheme, allowing the WERS chip to combine excitation, detection, and data analysis in integrated chips, providing a powerful prospect for real‐time and on‐site analysis of target samples. This article highlights the principles, implementations, and application scenarios of WERS techniques and evaluates their advantages and limitations, respectively. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of WERS techniques are summarized, and promising future applications are proposed. This review provides a panoramic view for researchers interested in waveguide‐enhanced Raman technology.
Multidimensional Ultrasound Evaluation of Diastasis Recti Abdominis During Different Gestational Periods
Authors: Guo Xiao‐Han , Wang Hua , Chen Sheng‐Jiang , Xie Yu‐Juan , Liu Rui‐Rui 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to explore the application value of two‐dimensional ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE) in the multidimensional evaluation of diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) during different gestational periods.MethodsA cohort of 202 gravidas that were examined in our hospital between June 2021 and September 2022 were selected for the purpose of the study, which included 26 cases with <14 weeks of pregnancy, 36 cases in the 14th–27th week of pregnancy, 36 cases in the 28th–34th week of pregnancy, 32 cases in the 35th–38th week of pregnancy, 45 cases at 42 days postpartum, and 27 cases at 3 months postpartum. The inter‐rectus distance (IRD) and the thickness in each gestational period were measured, and Young's modulus of the rectus abdominis at different gestational periods was measured using SWE by two sonographers. The differences in IRD, thickness, and elasticity characteristics during different periods, and the correlation between rectus abdominis elasticity and IRD, thickness, body mass index (BMI), neonatal weight, and delivery mode were analyzed and compared. The consistency of SWE parameters obtained by different sonographers was also compared.ResultsThere were significant differences in IRD, thickness, and Young's modulus during different gestational periods (P = .000, P < .001, P < .001). Early postpartum IRD and Young's modulus did not restore to the level of early pregnancy (P < .001, P < .001), while the thickness of rectus abdominis was not significantly different from that of early pregnancy (P = .211). The Young's modulus of rectus abdominis was negatively correlated with the IRD (r = .515), positively correlated with the thickness of rectus abdominis (r = .408), and weakly negatively correlated with maternal BMI (r = −.296). There was no significant correlation with neonatal weight or delivery mode (P = .147, .648). The Bland–Altman plot showed that the two sonographers had good consistency in evaluating the elasticity of rectus abdominis by SWE.ConclusionThe multidimensional evaluation of DRA by ultrasound is feasible and IRD and Young's modulus can be used to evaluate the postpartum recovery of DRA. The combination of the two can objectively reflect the severity of DRA morphology and function.
Associations Between Social Vulnerability Indicators and Pediatric Tonsillectomy Outcomes
Authors: Nieri Chad A. , Davies Camron , Luttrell Jordan B. , Sheyn Anthony 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of neighborhood‐level social vulnerability on pediatric tonsillectomy outcomes.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective cohort study included tonsillectomies performed on children aged 1 to 18 between August 2019 and August 2020. Geographic information systems were used to geocode addresses, and spatial overlays were used to assign census‐tract level social vulnerability index (SVI) scores to each patient. For categorical variables, two‐sided Pearson chi‐square tests were used, whereas for continuous variables, paired t‐tests, means, and standard deviations were calculated. SVI and its four subthemes were investigated using binomial logistic regressions to determine their impact on post‐T&A complications and readmissions.ResultsThe study included 397 patients, with 52 having complications (13.1%) and 33 (8.3%) requiring readmissions due to their complications. Controlling for age, gender, race, insurance status, surgical indication, comorbidities, obesity, and obstructive sleep apnea, postoperative complications were associated with high overall SVI (odds ratio [OR] 5.086, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.128–22.938), high socioeconomic vulnerability (SVI theme 1, OR 6.003, 95% CI 1.270–28.385), and high house composition vulnerability (SVI theme 2, OR 6.340, 95% CI 1.275–31.525). Readmissions were also associated with high overall SVI (10.149, 95% CI 1.293–79.647) and high housing/transportation vulnerability (SVI theme 4, OR 5.657, 95% CI 1.089–29.396).ConclusionSocial vulnerability at the neighborhood level is linked to poorer surgical outcomes in otherwise healthy children, suggesting a target for community‐based interventions. Because of the increased risk, it may have implications for preoperative decision‐making, treatment plans, and clinic follow‐ups.Level of Evidence3. Laryngoscope, 134:954–962, 2024
Ecological improvement of takyric solonetz in northern China using modified ridge cultivation with drip irrigation
Authors: Zhu Wendong , Kang Yaohu , Wan Shuqin , Li Xiaobin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSoil salinization is one of the most important forms of land degradation in drylands of the world. As a typical type of saline‐sodic soil, takyric solonetz seriously jeopardizes the living environment of the inhabitants with severe consequences for regional ecology, agriculture, and the aeolian dust dynamics. Improving the vegetation and ecology status of takyric solonetz is essential but challenging because of its extremely drought conditions with low saturated hydraulic conductivities (ks <0.1 mm/day). Here, we conducted a three‐year field experiment by three‐stage drip irrigation to regulate the water and salt levels of the soil and improved ridge cultivation through sand as a water dispersal media strip for takyric solonetz in northern China. Results showed that the planting ridge was desalted after 3‐year treatments of drip irrigation. The electrical conductivity of a saturated soil paste extract reduced from 21.28 and 13.38 to below 3.00 dS/m, indicating a decrease of 91.50% and 88.50% in the 0–40 cm and 0–120 cm soil layers, respectively. The pH of the soil paste extract decreased from 11.13 to 9.78 in the 0–120 cm soil layer. The survival rate of the willow saplings planted for a shelterbelt was 91.60%. The height, diameter at breast height, and ground diameter of the willow increased slowly to 84.60 cm, 1.20 mm, and 2.02 mm in the first 2 years, respectively, but increased rapidly to 121.90 cm, 7.48 mm, and 12.02 mm, respectively, in the third year. Our treatment also substantially changed the understory vegetation status, in terms of vegetation coverage (89%), number of species (18), and density (600 plant m−2). The dominant plant family in the vegetation community shifted from the Amaranthaceae to the Poaceae. This study provides and validates a new technology for ecological improvement of takyric solonetz, supporting a theoretical and practical approach for ecosystem and vegetation improvement in takyric solonetz in the future.
Impact of Swelling on Macroscopic and Nanoscopic Mechanical Properties of Amphiphilic Polymer Co‐Networks in Non‐Selective and Selective Solvents
Authors: Fribiczer Nora , Hagmann Kevin , Bunk Carolin , Böhme Frank , von Klitzing Regine , Seiffert Sebastian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAmphiphilic polymer gels show environmentally sensitive mechanical properties depending on the solvent polarity, which makes them useful for applications in soft contact lenses, membranes, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering. To rationally design the material properties for such applications, a sound knowledge about the mechanical properties at different solvency states is necessary. To acquire such knowledge, amphiphilic networks are prepared by hetero‐complementary coupling of amine‐terminated tetra‐poly(ethylene glycol) (t‐PEG‐NH2) with 2‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐benzoxazinone terminated tetra‐poly(ε‐caprolactone) (t‐PCL‐Ox). The mechanical properties are investigated on different length‐scales and under non‐selective and selective solvent conditions using shear rheometry and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The swelling as well as the modulus in good solvent are in accord with scaling laws found for other four‐arm star‐shaped polymer networks and theoretical predictions. The swelling in selective solvent reveals a concentration‐independent volume swelling degree and a nearly linear scaling of the modulus with concentration. The surface topography probed by AFM reveals microphase‐separated structures in the range of 20 nm. Similar modulus values are obtained for bulk films in water using the complementary methods of atomic force microscopy and rheometry. The data are compared with pure hydrophilic networks to identify the effect of amphiphilicity on the material properties.
Infinitary logic with infinite sequents: syntactic investigations
Authors: Tesi Matteo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present paper deals with a purely syntactic analysis of infinitary logic with infinite sequents. In particular, we discuss sequent calculi for classical and intuitionistic infinitary logic with good structural properties based on sequents possibly containing infinitely many formulas. A cut admissibility proof is proposed which employs a new strategy and a new inductive parameter. We conclude the paper by discussing related issues and possible themes for future research.
Brownmillerite Calcium Ferrite, a Promising Perovskite‐Related Material in the Degradation of a Tight Dye under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Noori Zahra , Malekzadeh Azim , Poater Jordi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEvaluation of effective and low‐cost materials as catalysts to combat the threat of pollution is a significant and growing trend. With this aim, we have synthesized calcium ferrite brownmillerite by wet preparation approach as a catalyst for pollution. The structural analysis is established by the X‐ray diffraction of Ca2Fe2O5, whereas the tetrahedral and octahedral sites band stretching for ferrite specimen has been deduced using FTIR. The bandgap energy has been estimated by the Tauc relation (2.17 eV). Ca2Fe2O5 brownmillerite exhibits a BET surface area of 10 m2/g and a BJH pore volume of 0.121 cm3/g with the average particle size of 70 nm. Importantly, the alizarin Red S dye degradation has been studied using the prepared ferrite catalyst, under dark ambient conditions and without the presence of any acidic or basic additives. Degradation is also supported by both FTIR and TOC analysis. Surface properties of brownmillerite Ca2Fe2O5 have been characterized using electronic spectroscopy and CO2 temperature programmed desorption (TPD) analysis and revealed that the basic surface of brownmillerite Ca2Fe2O5 offers active sites that are suitable for degradation processes. All results show that the preparation of brownmillerite Ca2Fe2O5 via the Pechini method is suitable to produce fine surfaces and pores with nanosized particles.
Acid‐suppressive drugs: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of their nocturnal acid‐inhibitory effect
Authors: Zou Shupeng , Ouyang Mengling , Cheng Qian , Shi Xuan , Sun Minghui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAcid‐suppressive drugs (ASDs) are widely used in many gastric acid‐associated diseases. Nocturnal acid breakthrough has been a common problem of many ASDs, such as proton‐pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2‐receptor antagonists (H2RAs). Potassium‐competitive acid blockers (P‐CABs) are expected to solve this continuing conundrum. This article examined major ASDs and compared them with placebo in terms of nocturnal acid‐inhibitory effects, using a network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsTo compare the effectiveness of major ASDs, a Bayesian network meta‐analysis (NMA) was applied to process data extracted from RCTs. The plausible ranking for each regimen and some subgroups were assessed by surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA).ResultsFifty‐five RCTs were conducted with 2015 participants. In terms of nocturnal acid‐inhibitory effects, the overall results showed that tegoprazan (SUCRA 91.8%) and vonoprazan (SUCRA 91.0%) had the best performance, followed by new PPIs (including tenatoprazole and ilaprazole) (SUCRA 76.6%), additional H2RAs once at bedtime (AHB) (SUCRA 61.3%), isomer PPIs (including esomeprazole and dexlansoprazole) (SUCRA 38.6%), revaprazan (SUCRA 34.7%), traditional PPIs (including omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole) (SUCRA 32.6%), H2RAs (SUCRA 23.1%), and placebo (SUCRA 0.3%). In some subgroups, the nocturnal acid‐inhibitory effect of vonoprazan or tegoprazan was better than most of the other regimens, even new PPIs and AHB.ConclusionsThis is the first study to compare the effect of ASDs on inhibiting nocturnal acid breakthrough. Overall, in terms of nocturnal acid‐inhibitory effect, vonoprazan and tegoprazan had an advantage against other regimens including H2RAs, isomer PPIs, traditional PPIs, AHB, and new PPIs. Even in some subgroups, such as language classification (English), types of study design (crossover‐RCT), age (≤40 years), BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), continent (Asia and North America), disease status (health), the duration of therapy (2 weeks), and time of administration (at daytime or at night‐time), the nocturnal acid‐inhibitory effect of vonoprazan or tegoprazan were better than most regimens, even AHB and new PPIs.
Applications for CO2 lasers in the automotive industry
Authors: May Louise 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSince the inception of the moving production line by Henry Ford in 1913, automotive manufacturers have continuously pursued process optimization to reduce costs and enhance profits by minimizing assembly times. In contemporary automotive production, automation is pervasive, and robots have become integral to manufacturing processes. To further improve efficiency and versatility, lasers have emerged as indispensable tools, supplanting conventional methods and offering numerous advantages in the automotive manufacturing landscape.
SMaC sets new standards in coating and surface finishing
Authors: Grolms Martin , Glushych Viktor 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT has developed SMaC, a coating process that combines extreme high‐speed laser material deposition (EHLA) and mechanical post‐machining in a single process. Thanks to SMaC, high‐strength coating materials can be applied quickly and efficiently, and simultaneously finished by machining.
Shining a light on innovation
Authors: Weise Sylvia , Walch Manuel , Senninger Hermann 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe automotive industry has undergone a revolution in lighting as LED technology has enabled new design opportunities, more brightness, and new imaginative effects. More of everything is possible, with the added advantages of greater resolution, enhanced control, and – at the cutting edge of design – ultrathin and 2.5D‐formable units that enable the impression of ‘light out of nowhere’.
Novel extended Kalman filter + H∞$$ {\mathbf{H}}_{\infty } $$ optimal output feedback control configuration for small satellites with high pointing stability requirements
Authors: Pecorilla Manuel , Stesina Fabrizio 
Published: December 2023

SummaryOne of the most challenging subsystems for the CubeSats is the attitude determination and control system (ADCS) because it involves hardware and software integration, advanced strategies and algorithms to determine and control the attitude that impacts on space maneuvering and well working of a large set of payload (e.g., the optical payload). Although ADCS is largely studied, it still requires further investigations and analysis in order to achieve high‐performance and a reduced efforts. This paper presents an effective and reliable solution for the ADCS of CubeSats involved in Earth observation missions. The solution is based on an innovative framework that leverages the strengths of two distinct methodologies—H‐infinity optimal output feedback control and the extended Kalman filter (EKF)‐to significantly enhance the pointing stability of satellite systems. While H‐infinity optimal output feedback control is traditionally associated with partial state knowledge, we intentionally extend its application to scenarios with complete state information. The study includes a comparative performance analysis involving three algorithm configurations: the classic combination of EKF and model predictive control (MPC), the utilization of H‐infinity optimal output feedback control without EKF, and our proposed integrated approach. Performance evaluations are based on extrinsic indicators, demonstrating the advantages of our method in terms of pointing stability and overall control system performance. This research underscore the significance of combining innovative thinking with well‐established methodologies, unlocking new possibilities for stability enhancement in a range of engineering applications.
The Mechanism and Application of Computer-Assisted Full Facial Skin Imaging Systems
Authors: Zhang Yue , Pan Ruoxin , Gu Duoduo , Meng Xiaoqi , Liu Tingwei , Xu Yang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Computer-assisted full facial imaging systems are currently among the most widely used skin analysis instruments in dermatology and medical cosmetology. These systems offer objective quantitative evaluation of facial skin conditions, and as they are non-invasive, play an important role in assessing dermatological conditions such as pigmentation, inflammation, vascular diseases, skin texture, the severity of ageing, and therapeutic follow-up. Although computer-assisted full facial imaging systems enable quantitative analysis in the scope of medical treatment and cosmetic evaluation, their results may considerably vary because of the influence of environmental and postural factors for improper operation. Furthermore, manual observation is sometimes necessary for experimental work for more accuracy, and familiarity with the imaging principles and application points is necessary to best apply this technique. This report aims to discuss and interpret these systems' imaging mechanisms and explore the primary issues with their application.
Mechanism and Thermochemistry of Radical Driven Partial Chain Oxidation of p‐Benzylphenol
Authors: Poskrebyshev Gregory A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe thermochemistry of radical driven chain oxidation of gaseous p‐benzylphenol is studied using the DFT (M062X,B3LYP,wB97XD,M08HX,MN15) approaches at 6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. The values of ΔfHo(Y,MEAN) or ΔfHo(Yi,MEAN)RHp, used for the determination of ΔRxHo of considered reactions, are derived from the intersections of 3SEi intervals of values of ΔfHo(Yi,CORR) or ΔfHo(Yi,CORR)RHp, determined, respectively, using the corrected thermochemistry of atomization (ra) or homodesmotic (RHp) reactions. The linear calibration dependencies are used for the correction of their values of ΔraHo(Yi) and ΔRHpHo(Yi), derived from the calculated values of Ho.According to calculations, the most thermochemically favorable product is benzophenone,4‐ol (ΔfHo298.15(benzophenone,4‐ol)=−126.0±7.6(±2σ) kJ/mol), while, the formation of PhCHPhO (ΔfHo298.15=151.3±7.8 kJ/mol) and PhC(OH)PhO (ΔfHo298.15=39.6±6.5 kJ/mol) is thermochemically unfavorable. The formation of benzophenone,4‐ol is due the tautomerization or dissociation of O−O bond of PhC(O2•)HPhOH (ΔfHo298.15=47.9±4.8 kJ/mol), produced, respectively, OH or PhC(O•)HPhOH (ΔfHo298.15=53.0±7.1 kJ/mol) radicals. However, the formation of PhC(O2•)HPhOH is exoergic only at T<500 K.The formation of PhC(O2H)HPhOH (ΔfHo298.15=−104.2±5.9 kJ/mol) and PhC(OH)HPhOH (ΔfHo298.15=−177.8±5.3 kJ/mol) via transfer of H atom from p‐benzylphenol is also thermochemically favorable, but can only be important, respectively, at low (T<800 K) and at high T. In addition, the tautomerization of PhC(O⋅)HPhOH to PhC⋅ (OH)PhOH (ΔfHo298.15=−61.0±1.3 kJ/mol) is thermochemically favorable and slightly depends upon T.