bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diseño de parcelas divididas para el desarrollo de una harina mejorada y funcional de granos germinados de lenteja o arveja
Authors: García-Goñi Steven 
Published: February 2024

Las leguminosas como la lenteja y la arveja tienen un alto valor nutricional, pero con una baja biodisponibilidad debido a la presencia de antinutrientes. La germinación de granos se emplea para mejorar las propiedades nutricionales y reducir la cantidad de taninos y ácido fítico. El objetivo fue desarrollar una harina de granos germinados de lenteja o arveja con características nutricionales mejoradas y funcionales que podría emplearse como alternativa o complemento a la harina de trigo en la elaboración de productos. Se ejecutó un experimento de parcelas divididas y se midió cuatro variables de respuesta para cada tratamiento: diferencia de color (∆E), peso final (g), rendimiento y textura (cm). Los factores utilizados fueron: la especie del grano, el tiempo de secado, la presencia de secado previo, el estado de los granos (enteros o triturados) y la cantidad de veces que los granos fueron molidos. Los modelos multinivel bayesianos presentaron un bajo coeficiente de correlación intraclase (<2.69%) y los valores de se encontraron entre 62.30% y 89.61%. La función de deseabilidad (deseabilidad compuesta=0.76), determinó que la mejor combinación de niveles para las respuestas combinadas es: utilizar granos de lenteja germinada, con 125 minutos de secado, con secado previo, los granos triturados y cuatro moliendas. Se obtuvo una harina que cumple con las características de ser mejorada y funcional y sus valores nutricionales la clasificaron como fuente de hierro, potasio y fibra y excelente fuente de proteína y calcio.
Glucose-6-Phosphatase-Dehydrogenase activity as modulative association between Parkinson’s disease and periodontitis
Authors: Laugisch Oliver , Ruppert-Jungck Marina C. , Auschill Thorsten M. , Eick Sigrun , Sculean Anton , Heumann Christian , Timmermann Lars , Pedrosa David J. , Eggers Carsten , Arweiler Nicole B. 
Published: February 2024

The association between periodontitis (PD) and Parkinson’s disease (PK) is discussed due to the inflammatory component of neurodegenerative processes. PK severity and affected areas were determined using the following neuropsychological tests: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Score (UPDRS) and Hoehn and Yahr; non-motoric symptoms by Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), and cognitive involvement by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Neuroinflammation and the resulting Glucose-6-Phosphatase-Dehydrogenase (G6PD) dysfunction are part of the pathophysiology of PK. This study aimed to evaluate these associations in periodontal inflammation. Clinical data and saliva-, serum-, and RNA-biobank samples of 50 well-characterized diametric patients with PK and five age- and sex-matched neurologically healthy participants were analyzed for G6PD function, periodontal pathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Filifactor alocis), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP) 1, and interleukin (IL) 1-beta. Regression analysis was used to identify associations between clinical and behavioral data, and t-tests were used to compare health and disease. Compared with PK, no pathogens and lower inflammatory markers (p &lt; 0.001) were detectible in healthy saliva and serum, PK-severity/UPDRS interrelated with the occurrence of Prevotella intermedia in serum as well as IL1-beta levels in serum and saliva (p = 0.006, 0.019, 0.034), Hoehn and Yahr correlated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, RNA IL1-beta regulation, serum, and saliva IL1-beta levels, with p-values of 0.038, 0.011, 0.008, &lt;0.001, and 0.010, while MMSE was associated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, serum MCP 1 levels, RNA IL1-beta regulation and G6PD serum activity (p = 0.036, 0.003, 0.045, &lt;0.001, and 0.021). Cognitive and motor skills seem to be important as representative tests are associated with periodontal pathogens and oral/general inflammation, wherein G6PD-saliva dysfunction might be involved.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.bfarm.de/DE/Das-BfArM/Aufgaben/Deutsches-Register-Klinischer-Studien/_node.html, identifier DRKS00005388.
Choice of adjuvant and antigen composition alters the immunogenic profile of a SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine
Authors: Lykins William R. , Pollet Jeroen , White Jessica A. , Keegan Brian , Versteeg Leroy , Strych Ulrich , Chen Wen-Hsiang , Mohamath Raodoh , Ramer-Denisoff Gabi , Reed Sierra , Beaver Samuel , Gerhardt Alana , Voigt Emily A. , Tomai Mark A. , Sitrin Robert , Choy Robert K. M. , Cassels Frederick J. , Hotez Peter J. , Bottazzi Maria Elena , Fox Christopher B. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Since their introduction, adjuvanted recombinant subunit vaccines against COVID-19 have played a pivotal role in protecting global populations. Optimizing the immune response’s quality, amplitude, and durability to these vaccines depends on the appropriate adjuvant choice and dose in combination with the selected antigen.Methods: Here, we employed a preclinical mouse model to study the adaptive humoral and cellular immune responses to a SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) antigen formulated with one of four different immune agonists [GLA, 3M-052, CpG-1826 (CpG), and dmLT], in combination with one of two different immune-stimulating formulations, a stabilized squalene emulsion (SE) or aluminum hydroxide (Alum). Using a weighted desirability index, we established an immunogenicity ranking for each adjuvant in combination with the RBD antigen.Results: We found that formulations of the RBD with Alum in combination with either 3M-052 or CpG led to at least a 2-log increase in serum IgG production and a 1.3- to 2.2-log increase in the number of bone marrow-derived antibody-secreting cells compared to the RBD formulated with Alum without an additional agonist. In contrast, the RBD formulated with SE in combination with 3M-052 or CpG did not elicit an IgG response greater than the unadjuvanted control. Additionally, RBD formulated with 3M-052 or CpG on Alum generated a 0.8- or 1.6-log lower splenocyte IL-5 response (a pro-Th2 marker), respectively, than Alum without an additional agonist. When formulated with 3M-052-Alum, a bivalent vaccine containing the original lineage (Wuhan-Hu-1) and the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) RBD antigens led to a more than 2-log increase in neutralizing antibodies against an Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) pseudovirus in vaccinated animals compared to animals that received the monovalent RBD antigen.Discussion: Our results suggest that optimal immune responses to subunit antigens may be achieved through an orthogonal approach that applies adjuvant formulation, antigen combination, and advances in rational vaccine development techniques.
The association of an elevated Th/Ts ratio and lupus anticoagulant with symptomatic osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Hou Ruihong , Lei Jiamin , Xue Dengfeng , Jing Yukai , Mi Liangyu , Guo Qianyu , Xu Ke , Zhang Liyun 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the risk factors for symptomatic osteonecrosis (ON) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and identify clinical characteristics and laboratory markers for predicting symptomatic ON occurrence in SLE patients.MethodsSeventy (6.0%) of 1175 SLE patients diagnosed with symptomatic ON were included in this study. An equal number of SLE patients without symptomatic ON, matched in terms of age and gender, were enrolled in the control group. Clinical symptoms, routine laboratory examinations, lymphocyte subsets, and treatments of these patients were retrospectively reviewed and compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors associated with symptomatic ON in SLE.ResultsAmong the 70 cases in the symptomatic ON group, 62 (88.6%) patients experienced femoral head necrosis, with bilateral involvement observed in 58 patients. Bone pain was reported in 32 cases (51.6%), and 19 cases (30.6%) presented with multiple symptoms. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in various factors, including disease duration (months), cumulative steroid exposure time, history of thrombosis, neurological involvement, the number of affected organs, myalgia/myasthenia, and the use of medications such as glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, aspirin, and statins (P&lt;0.05). Moreover, lupus anticoagulant (LA) levels were significantly higher in the symptomatic ON group than in the control group (P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, notable distinctions were observed in peripheral blood immune cells, including an elevated white blood cell count (WBC), a decreased percentage of Ts cells (CD3+CD8+), and an elevated Th/Ts ratio. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a history of thrombosis, LA positivity, and an elevated Th/Ts ratio remained positive factors associated with symptomatic ON (P&lt;0.05).ConclusionDecreased Ts cells and changes in the T lymphocyte subset play an important regulatory role in the development of symptomatic ON. A history of thrombosis and LA are associated with an increased probability of symptomatic ON in SLE and may serve as potential predictors.
Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy optimizes reproductive outcomes in recurrent reproductive failure: a systematic review
Authors: Mei Youwen , Lin Yonghong , Chen Ying , Zheng Jiafeng , Ke Xue , Liang Xuefei , Wang Fang 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionRecurrent reproductive failure (RRF) is a common pregnancy complication, imposing great physical, emotional and financial burden for the suffered couples. The leading cause of RRF is believed to be aneuploid embryo, which could be solved by preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) in theory. With molecular genetic development, PGT-A based on comprehensive chromosomal screening (CCS) procedures and blastocyst biopsy is widely applied in clinical practice. However, its effects in RRF were not defined yet.MethodsA systematic bibliographical search was conducted without temporal limits up to June, 2023. Studies about the effects of PGT-A based on CCS procedures and blastocyst biopsy in RRF were included.ResultsTwenty studies about the effects of PGT-A based on CCS procedures and blastocyst biopsy in RRF were included. It revealed that PGT-A could optimise the reproductive outcomes of RRF sufferers, especially in those with advanced age. However, in patients with multiple occurrences of pregnancy losses, the benefits of PGT-A were limited.DiscussionMore randomized controlled trials with large sample size are required to evaluate the benefits of PGT-A in RRF sufferers and identify which population would benefit the most.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of open globe injuries in Southwest China
Authors: Chen Qin , Liang Licong , Shi Yuzhuo , Lu Fang 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundOpen globe injuries (OGIs) are one of the leading causes of monocular vision loss, and the clinical characteristics of OGIs are region specific. The features and patterns of OGIs in Southwest China are poorly known and not well studied. Our study aimed to review the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized for OGIs in Southwest China.MethodsA retrospective study of OGI patients admitted to the West China Hospital from January 1st, 2015, to December 31st, 2019, was performed. Demographic characteristics and injury details were recorded. The Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system and the ocular trauma score (OTS) were used.ResultsA total of 3,014 patients were included. The male-to-female ratio was 5.2:1, and the mean age was 35.6 ± 19.1 years. 15.2% of patients were from the ethnic groups. The highest-risk occupation was the farmer (30.3%), followed by the worker (28.5%). OGIs occurred more frequently in people with middle (37.0%) and primary school (33.1%) education levels. Types of injuries included 46.8% penetration, 21.2% rupture, 2.9% perforation, and 29.1% intraocular foreign body (IOFB). The injuries types differed between age and occupation groups (p &lt; 0.001). IOFBs had a higher risk of causing endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, and traumatic cataracts (p &lt; 0.001). The most common injuries resulted from sharp objects (72.7%). The causes of the injuries were significantly associated with age, ethnicity, and occupation (p &lt; 0.001). Explosion injuries and attacks by animals were more common among people of Tibetan and Yi ethnicities. Blunt trauma, vehicle crashes, falls and age older than 60 years were risk factors for a lack of light perception and lower OTS scores prognosis.ConclusionOGIs in Southwest China mainly affected working-aged males, especially workers or farmers. Severe vision loss and IOFBs are more common findings. OGIs in older patients and ethnic minorities requires additional attention.
Changes in gait performances during walking with head movements in older adults with chronic neck pain
Authors: Madsalae Thanya , Thongprong Tanapat , Chaikeeree Nithinun , Boonsinsukh Rumpa 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundChronic neck pain (CNP) can lead to altered gait which is worse when combined with head movement. Gait parameters for indicating speed and symmetry have not been thoroughly investigated in older adults with CNP. This study aimed to compare gait performance in term of speed and symmetry in older adults with and without CNP during walking with head movement.MethodsFifty young older adults, consisting of 36 healthy controls without neck pain (OLDs) and 14 older adults with CNP, participated in the study. Participants completed the Neck Disability Index and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale. The 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) was used to assess gait performance. Participants were instructed to walk at preferred speed under three different head movement patterns: no head movement (NM), horizontal head movement (HM), and vertical head movement (VM). The Inertial Measurement Unit was used to capture gait performance, and its software was used to analyze gait variables; gait speed, Locomotor Rehabilitation Index (LRI), gait asymmetry index, Phase Coordination Index (PCI).ResultsThe CNP group reported moderate neck pain with mild disability in activities of daily living, and less balance confidence than the OLD group (p &lt; 0.05). The CNP group showed significantly slower gait speed and lower LRI during walking with both the HM and VM (p &lt; 0.05), which corresponded to lower stride length and cadence. The gait asymmetry index in the CNP group was significantly higher than the OLD group during walking with VM (p &lt; 0.05), whereas the PCI was significantly higher than the OLD group during walking with both HM and VM (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionChronic neck pain affects both speed and symmetry when walking with head movement. Gait parameters in this study could be implemented to identify changes in speed and symmetry of gait in older adults with CNP who have mild disability and high physical functioning.
High diversity, close genetic relatedness, and favorable living conditions benefit species co-occurrence of gut microbiota in Brandt’s vole
Authors: Cheng Chaoyuan , Li Guoliang , Yang Xifu , Zhao Jidong , Liu Jing , Zheng Aihua , Zhang Zhibin 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionRevealing factors and mechanisms in determining species co-existence are crucial to community ecology, but studies using gut microbiota data are still lacking.MethodsUsing gut microbiota data of 556 Brandt’s voles from 37 treatments in eight experiments, we examined the relationship of species co-occurrence of gut microbiota in Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) with genetic distance (or genetic relatedness), community diversity, and several environmental variables.ResultsWe found that the species co-occurrence index (a larger index indicates a higher co-occurrence probability) of gut microbiota in Brandt’s voles was negatively associated with the genetic distance between paired ASVs and the number of cohabitating voles in the experimental space (a larger number represents more crowding social stress), but positively with Shannon diversity index, grass diets (representing natural foods), and non-physical contact within an experimental space (representing less stress).DiscussionOur study demonstrated that high diversity, close genetic relatedness, and favorable living conditions would benefit species co-occurrence of gut microbiota in hosts. Our results provide novel insights into factors and mechanisms that shape the community structure and function of gut microbiota and highlight the significance of preserving the biodiversity of gut microbiota.
Methylone is a rapid-acting neuroplastogen with less off-target activity than MDMA
Authors: Warner-Schmidt Jennifer , Stogniew Martin , Mandell Blake , Rowland R. Scott , Schmidt Eric F. , Kelmendi Benjamin 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder that can become chronic and debilitating when left untreated. Available pharmacotherapies are limited, take weeks to show modest benefit and remain ineffective for up to 40% of patients. Methylone is currently in clinical development for the treatment of PTSD. Preclinical studies show rapid, robust and long-lasting antidepressant-like and anxiolytic effects. The mechanism of action underlying these effects is not yet fully understood. This study investigated the downstream gene expression changes and signaling pathways affected by methylone in key brain areas linked to PTSD and MDD. It also sought to determine whether neuroplasticity-related genes were involved. We compared effects of methylone with MDMA to explore similarities and differences in their brain effects because MDMA-assisted psychotherapy has recently shown benefit in clinical trials for PTSD and methylone is a structural analog of MDMA.MethodsMonoamine binding, uptake and release studies were performed and a high-throughput-screen evaluated agonist/antagonist activities at 168 GPCRs in vitro. We used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to probe drug-induced gene expression changes in the amygdala and frontal cortex, two brain areas responsible for emotional learning that are affected by PTSD and MDD. Rats were treated with methylone or MDMA (both 10 mg/kg, IP), and their responses were compared with controls. We performed functional enrichment analysis to identify which pathways were regulated by methylone and/or MDMA. We confirmed changes in gene expression using immunohistochemistry.ResultsMethylone, a monoamine uptake inhibitor and releaser, demonstrated no off-target effects at 168 GPCRs, unlike MDMA, which showed activity at 5HT2A and 5HT2C receptors. RNA-seq results revealed significant regulation of myelin-related genes in the amygdala, confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In the frontal cortex, methylone significantly upregulated genes implicated in neuroplasticity.ConclusionResults suggest that (1) methylone is a rapid-acting neuroplastogen that affects key brain substrates for PTSD and MDD and that (2) methylone appears to exhibit higher specificity and fewer off-target effects than MDMA. Together, these results are consistent with the reported clinical experiences of methylone and MDMA and bolster the potential use of methylone in the treatment of PTSD and, potentially, other neuropsychiatric disorders.
Effects of deep frying and baking on the quality attributes, water distribution, and flavor characteristics of duck jerky
Authors: Pei Yamin , Guo Xingyue , Shu Xionghui , Han Yahong , Ai Youwei , Wang Hongxun , Hou Wenfu 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe nutritional value of duck meat is well acknowledged due to its low cholesterol and high protein content. Nevertheless, the impacts of deep-frying and baking on its quality characteristics are not extensively documented in literature.MethodsThe objective of this study is to examine the effects of deep-frying, pre-boilingdeep-frying, baking, and pre-boiling-baking on the quality attributes, water distribution, microstructure, and flavor characteristics of duck jerky.Results and discussionThe findings revealed that the deep-frying group had better quality attributes than the baking, pre-boiling-deep-frying, and pre-boiling-baking groups. The deepfried duck jerky had a higher a* value (4.25) and a lower b* value (5.87), with a more appropriate texture profile, and had the highest comprehensive impression score (5.84). Moreover, the drying rate was faster, and the intensity of the free water and oil signal was significantly elevated in the deep-frying group. The microstructure results indicated that the muscle fibers in the deep-frying group were closely packed, whereas those in the baking group were relatively loose. Furthermore, the GC-IMS test revealed that the deep-fried duck jerky had a wider range of volatile flavor compounds, including 11 unique compounds that were only found in this particular product.
Psychological approaches to obesity in young adults: state of the art
Authors: Alves Rafaela , Petitjean Hugues , Druzhinenko-Silhan Daria 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundObesity has become a significant health concern among young adults aged 18–35 years. Addressing this issue is crucial, and exploring psychological treatments and perspectives specifically for this population is essential.MethodsThis literature review examines psychological treatments for obesity in young adults over the past decade. It focuses on interventions and discussions particularly relevant to this age group.DiscussionResearch on obesity often overlooks young adults, with most interventions primarily focusing on weight loss and neglecting emotional aspects. Cognitive-behavioral approaches are commonly used for self-regulation and motivation, but psychodynamic perspectives remain underutilized. While group-based methods lack a detailed analysis of benefits, hybrid approaches demonstrate higher engagement compared to technology-only interventions. There is a notable gap in tailoring obesity interventions to meet the unique needs of young adults during this transitional life phase. It’s imperative to shift the focus from merely weight loss to a broader consideration of psychological, emotional, and unconscious factors. Integrating group modalities with psychodynamic approaches might offer additional benefits.ConclusionThis review highlights the need for further research into the psychological well-being of young adults with obesity. A more comprehensive approach is required to address their distinct needs and psychological factors.