bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leadership Behaviors of Frontline Nurse Managers
Authors: Frangieh Jihane , Jones Terry , Kinser Patricia Anne , Baker Kathy , Elswick Ronald K. , Thacker Leroy R. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
This study examined how frontline nurse managers (FLNMs) perceive and experience formal and informal social support and how personal factors and social support relate to their transformational leadership (TL) behaviors.

BACKGROUND
Ineffective leadership by FLNMs is associated with costly outcomes. Evidence suggests that leadership development is a function of personal and social factors; however, a better understanding of this process is needed.

METHODS
A convergent mixed-methods design was used. The quantitative strand included a cross-sectional survey in a sample of FLNMs. The qualitative strand used a semistructured interview and a descriptive qualitative approach with a subset of this sample.

RESULTS
Formal and informal social support is positively related to the TL behaviors of FLNMs as evidenced by the convergent data. The influence of family members in the work-related decisions of FLNMs has been underreported in the literature and is an area for consideration in supporting retention and desired leadership behaviors.

CONCLUSION
The findings of this study imply a need for organizations to establish systems that endorse the growth of FLNMS, create opportunities for career advancement, and integrate members of the FLNMs' personal support systems into recognition initiatives.
Short-term and Long-term Outcomes of Robotic Enucleation of Tumors Located in the Pancreatic Head and Uncinate Process
Authors: Ou Huiyi , Chen Mengmin , Qin Kai , Zhao Shiwei , Li Dan , Shi Yusheng , Weng Yuanchi , Gemenetzis Georgios , Deng Xiaxing , Peng Chenghong , Shen Baiyong , Jin Jiabin 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To assess short-term and long-term outcomes following robotic enucleation (REn) of tumors in the proximal pancreas.

Background:
Despite the advantages of preserving function via pancreatic enucleation, controversies persist, since this can be associated with severe complications, such as clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula, especially when performed near the main pancreatic duct. The safety and efficacy of REn in this context remain largely unknown.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was performed of all patients who underwent REn for benign and low-grade malignant neoplasms in the pancreatic head and uncinate process between January 2005 and December 2021. Clinicopathologic, perioperative, and long-term outcomes were compared with a similar open enucleation (OEn) group.

Results:
Of 146 patients, 92 underwent REn with a zero conversion-to-open rate. REn was superior to OEn in terms of shorter operative time (90.0 minutes vs 120.0 minutes, P<0.001), decreased blood loss (20.0 mL vs 100.0 min, P=0.001), and lower clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula rate (43.5% vs 61.1%, P=0.040). Bile leakage rate, major morbidity, 90-day mortality, and length of hospital stay were comparable between groups. No post-REn grade C POPF or grade IV/V complication was identified. Subgroup analyses for uncinate process tumors and proximity to the main pancreatic duct did not demonstrate inferior postoperative outcomes. In a median follow-up period of 50 months, REn outcomes were comparable to OEn regarding recurrence rate and pancreatic endocrine or exocrine function.

Conclusions:
REn for pancreatic head and uncinate process tumors improved clinically relevant outcomes without increased major complications compared to OEn, while demonstrating comparable long-term oncological and functional outcomes.
Provider Perceptions Regarding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Surgical Patients With Frailty
Authors: Allen Matthew B. , Reich Amanda J. , Collins Patrick , Chahal Karen , Moustaqim-Barrette Maria , Bernacki Rachelle E. , Cooper Zara , Bader Angela M. 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To characterize the perceptions of surgeons, anesthesiologists, and geriatricians regarding perioperative cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in surgical patients with frailty.

Background:
The population of patients undergoing surgery is growing older and more frail. Despite a growing focus on goal-concordant care, frailty assessment, and debate regarding the appropriateness of CPR in patients with frailty, providers’ views regarding frailty and perioperative CPR are unknown.

Methods:
We performed qualitative thematic analysis of transcripts from semistructured interviews of anesthesiologists (8), surgeons (10), and geriatricians (9) who care for high-risk surgical patients at 2 academic medical centers in Boston, MA. The interview guide elicited clinicians’ understanding of frailty, approach to decision-making regarding perioperative CPR, and perceptions of perioperative CPR in frail surgical patients.

Results:
We identified 5 themes: (1) perceptions of perioperative CPR in patients with frailty vary by provider specialty, (2) judgments regarding the appropriateness of CPR in surgical patients with frailty are typically multifactorial and include patient goals, age, comorbidities, and arrest etiology, (3) resuscitation in patients with frailty is sometimes associated with moral distress, (4) biases, such as ableism and ageism, may skew clinicians’ perceptions of the appropriateness of perioperative CPR in patients with frailty, and (5) evidence to guide risk stratification for patients with frailty undergoing perioperative CPR is inadequate.

Conclusions:
Anesthesiologists, surgeons, and geriatricians offer different accounts of frailty’s relevance to judgments regarding CPR in surgical patients. Divergent views regarding frailty and perioperative CPR may impede efforts to deliver goal-concordant care and suggest a need for research to inform risk stratification, predict patient-centered outcomes, and understand the role of potential biases, such as ageism and ableism.
Carotid Revascularization is Associated with Improved Mood in Patients with Advanced Carotid Disease
Authors: Succar Bahaa , Chou Ying-hui , Hsu Chiu-Hsieh , Rapcsak Steven , Trouard Theodore , Zhou Wei 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To investigate the impact of carotid interventions on patients’ mental condition in patients with carotid stenosis.

Summary Background Data:
Ongoing research highlights the impact of carotid interventions on neurocognitive function in patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis. However, data regarding the impact of carotid revascularization on mood is scarce.

Methods:
A total of 157 patients undergoing carotid revascularization were prospectively recruited. The primary outcome was depression, evaluated pre-operatively, and at 1-,6- and 12-month post-intervention using the long form of the geriatric depression scale (GDS-30) questionnaire. Other tests were also used to assess cognition at the respective timepoints. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the postoperative outcomes compared to baseline.

Results:
Baseline depression (GDS>9) was observed in 49(31%) subjects, whereas 108(69%) patients were not depressed (GDS≤9). The average pre-operative GDS score was 15.42 ± 4.40(14.2-16.7) and 4.28 ±2.9(3.7-4.8) in the depressed and non-depressed groups, respectively. We observed a significant improvement in GDS scores within the depressed group at 1-month (P=0.002), 6-months (P=0.027), and 1-year (P<0.001) post-intervention compared to preop, whereas the non-depressed group had similar post-op GDS scores at all time points compared to baseline. Significant improvement in measures of executive function was seen in non-depressed patients at all three timepoints whereas depressed patients showed an improvement at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions:
Our study highlights improvement in mood among patients with advanced carotid disease who screened positive for depression at baseline. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to investigate the association between depression, carotid disease, and carotid intervention.
Phase 1 trial of same day cytology to guide the use of HIPEC
Authors: Sugarbaker Paul H. , Deng Tom 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal or gynecologic malignancy are a prominent part of the natural history of these diseases. Peritoneal metastases, if not effectively treated, will result in a decreased survival and cause an impaired quality of life. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a treatment specifically designed to combat peritoneal metastases. A group of patients who, from a theoretical perspective, may benefit from HIPEC are those patients with a positive peritoneal cytology. In order to identify these patients at the time of a surgical intervention, a same day cytology is to be performed.

Materials and methods:
The result of this test is to be available at or before the completion of the cancer resection. If the cytology is positive, the patient immediately becomes a candidate for HIPEC. The HIPEC will be of maximal value if a complete cytoreduction, as judged by the surgeon, has been possible. This phase 1 trial is to demonstrate that the Surgical Oncology Service, the Department of Pathology, the Pharmacy and the Operating Room personnel can co-ordinate a phase 1 protocol to successfully complete the same day cytology with an efficient delivery of HIPEC. A standardized plan for consent, cytology collection, preparation of the specimen, reading of the specimen, reporting the results in a timely manner facilitates the administration of HIPEC in peritoneal cytology positive patients.

Dissemination:
Successful completion of these requirements is a positive result for this study and allows for future protocols to be generated. Successful completion of the same day cytology phase 1 protocol will allow the efficacy, safety, and efficiency of this plan of patient management to be evaluated.
Social Determinants of Outcomes Disparity among Pediatric Patients with Solid Tumor
Authors: Cochran Elizabeth D , Jacobson Jillian C , Nehrubabu Mithin , Qiao Jingbo , McCreery Sullivan , Chung Dai H 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Socioeconomic factors have a significant impact on healthcare outcomes. Metrics such as area deprivation index (ADI) are used to quantify the anticipated influence of these factors. Here, we sought to assess the impact of socioeconomic factors on clinical outcomes among pediatric patients with solid tumor in our region.

STUDY DESIGN:
We identified 3,863 pediatric patients who were diagnosed with a malignant solid tumor in the Texas Cancer Registry between 1995 and 2019. ADI was used to quantify socioeconomic determinants of health. These outcome variables were determined: stage of disease at diagnosis, time between diagnosis and treatment initiation, and overall mortality. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression, linear regression, Cox proportional hazards regression, and Kaplan–Meier survival curves.

RESULTS:
A total of 53.5% of patients were male and the average age at diagnosis was 4.5 years. Forty-seven percent of patients were White, 13.3% were Black, 36.2% were Hispanic, 1.7% were Asian, and other rare minority groups made up 1.8%. On multivariable analysis, increased risk of death was associated with Black race, rare minority race, residence in a border county, and increasing ADI score, with the risk of death at 5 years rising 4% with each increasing ADI point.

CONCLUSIONS:
Social determinants of health are associated with disparate outcomes among pediatric patients with solid tumor. Our results suggest that patients who are part of racial minority groups and those who reside in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods or regions near the Texas-Mexico border are at an increased risk of death. This information may be useful in strategizing outreach and expanding resources to improve outcomes in at-risk communities.
Judgment Errors in Surgical Care
Authors: Marsh Katherine M , Turrentine Florence E , Jin Ruyun , Schirmer Bruce D , Hanks John B , Davis John P , Schenk Worthington G , Jones R Scott 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Human error is impossible to eliminate, particularly in systems as complex as healthcare. The extent to which judgment errors in particular impact surgical patient care or lead to harm is unclear.

STUDY DESIGN:
The American College of Surgeons NSQIP (2018) procedures from a single institution with 30-day morbidity or mortality were examined. Medical records were reviewed and evaluated for judgment errors. Preoperative variables associated with judgment errors were examined using logistic regression.

RESULTS:
Of the surgical patients who experienced a morbidity or mortality, 18% (31 of 170) experienced an error in judgment during their hospitalization. Patients with hepatobiliary procedure (odds ratio [OR] 5.4 [95% CI 1.23 to 32.75], p = 0.002), insulin-dependent diabetes (OR 4.8 [95% CI 1.2 to 18.8], p = 0.025), severe COPD (OR 6.0 [95% CI 1.6 to 22.1], p = 0.007), or with infected wounds (OR 8.2 [95% CI 2.6 to 25.8], p < 0.001) were at increased risk for judgment errors.

CONCLUSIONS:
Specific procedure types and patients with certain preoperative variables had higher risk for judgment errors during their hospitalization. Errors in judgment adversely impacted the outcomes of surgical patients who experienced morbidity or mortality in this cohort. Preventing or mitigating errors and closely monitoring patients after an error in judgment is prudent and may improve surgical safety.
Clinical Validation of Computer-Aided Diagnosis Software for Preventing Retained Surgical Sponges
Authors: Kurisaki Ken , Soyama Akihiko , Hamauzu Shin , Yamada Masahiko , Yamaguchi Shun , Matsuguma Kunihito , Kerkhof Enzo , Fukuda Toru , Toya Ryo , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
We previously reported the successful development of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for preventing retained surgical sponges with deep learning using training data, including composite and simulated radiographs. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of the CAD system in a clinical setting.

STUDY DESIGN:
A total of 1,053 postoperative radiographs obtained from patients 20 years of age or older who underwent surgery were evaluated. We implemented a foreign object detection application software on the portable radiographic device used in the operating room to detect retained surgical sponges. The results of the CAD system diagnosis were prospectively collected.

RESULTS:
Among the 1,053 images, the CAD system detected possible retained surgical items in 150 images. Specificity was 85.8%, which is similar to the data obtained during the development of the software.

CONCLUSIONS:
The validation of a CAD system using deep learning in a clinical setting showed similar efficacy as during the development of the system. These results suggest that the CAD system can contribute to the establishment of a more effective protocol than the current standard practice for preventing the retention of surgical items.
CoSpred: Machine learning workflow to predict tandem mass spectrum in proteomics
Authors: Xue Liang , Tiwary Shivani , Bordyuh Mykola , Jean-Beltran Pierre M , Stanton Robert 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTIn mass spectrometry-based proteomics, the identification and quantification of peptides and proteins is usually done using database search algorithms or spectral library matching. The use of deep learning algorithms can help improve the identification rates of peptides and proteins through the generation of high-fidelity theoretical spectrum which can be used as the basis of a more complete spectral library than those presently available. Current methods focus on predicting only backbone ions, such as y- and b-ions. However, the inclusion of non-backbone ions is necessary to truly improve spectral library matching. Here we focus on providing a user-friendly machine learning workflow, which we callCompleteSpectrumPredictor (CoSpred). Using CoSpred users can create their own machine learning compatible training dataset and then train a Machine Learning model to predict both backbone and non-backbone ions. For the model a transformer encoder architecture is used to predict the complete MS/MS spectrum from a given peptide sequence. This model does not require background knowledge of fragment ion annotations or fragmentation rules. The model outputs the set of pairs (Mi,Ii) whereMiis the m/z (mass-to-charge ratio) of a peak in the spectrum andIiis the intensity of the peak. The model presented here for validation was trained on the dataset available in the MassIVE data repository and shows superior performance in terms of various metrics (e.g. precision/recall for mass, cosine similarity for peak intensity, etc) between the true and predicted spectra. Furthermore, CoSpred can be used to create custom models that allow for accurate spectrum prediction for different experimental conditions. In addition to the transformer model provided in the package, the code is built modularly to allow for alternate ML models to be easily “plugged in”. The CoSpred workflow (preprocessing->training->inference) provides a path for state-of-art ML capabilities to be more accessible to proteomics scientists.
TMC7 deficiency causes acrosome biogenesis defects and male infertility in mice
Authors: Wang Jing , Yin Yingying , Yang Lei , Qin Junchao , Wang Zixiang , Qiu Chunhong , Gao Yuan , Lu Gang , Gao Fei , Chen Zi-jiang , Zhang Xiyu , Liu Hongbin , Liu Zhaojian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTransmembrane channel-like (TMC) proteins are a highly conserved ion channel family consisting of eight members (TMC1–TMC8) in mammals. TMC1/2 are components of the mechanotransduction channel in hair cells, and mutations of TMC1/2 cause deafness in humans and mice. However, the physiological roles of other TMC proteins remain largely unknown. Here, we show thatTmc7is specifically expressed in the testis and that it is required for acrosome biogenesis during spermatogenesis.Tmc7−/−mice exhibited abnormal sperm head, disorganized mitochondrial sheaths, and reduced number of elongating spermatids, similar to human oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia. We further demonstrate that TMC7 is colocalized with GM130 at the cis-Golgi region in round spermatids. TMC7 deficiency leads to aberrant Golgi morphology and impaired fusion of Golgi-derived vesicles to the developing acrosome. Moreover, upon loss of TMC7 intracellular ion homeostasis is impaired and ROS levels are increased, which in turn causes Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Taken together, these results suggest that TMC7 is required to maintain pH and ion homeostasis, which is needed for acrosome biogenesis. Our findings unveil a novel role for TMC7 in acrosome biogenesis during spermiogenesis.
Gene expression differences associated with alcohol use disorder in human brain
Authors: Willis Caryn , White Julie D. , Minto Melyssa S. , Quach Bryan C. , Han Shizhong , Tao Ran , Shin Joo Heon , Deep-Soboslay Amy , Hyde Thomas M. , Mayfield R. Dayne , Webb Bradley T. , Johnson Eric O. , Kleinman Joel E. , Bierut Laura J. , Hancock Dana B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExcessive alcohol consumption is a leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Neurobiological mechanisms associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) remain poorly understood. To further understand differential gene expression (DGE) associated with AUD, we compared deceased individuals with and without AUD across two human brain regions, nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Bulk RNA-seq data in both NAc and DLPFC from human postmortem brains (N ≥ 50 with AUD and ≥ 46 non-AUD) were analyzed for DGE using negative binomial regression adjusting for technical and biological covariates. The region-level results were meta-analyzed with a previously published, independent dataset (NNAc= 28 AUD, 29 non-AUD; NPFC= 66 AUD, 77 non-AUD). We further utilized these data to test for heritability enrichment of AUD-related phenotypes, gene co-expression networks, gene ontology enrichment, and drug repurposing. We identified 176 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 12 in both regions, 78 only in NAc, 86 only in DLPFC) for AUD in our new dataset. By meta-analyzing with published data, we identified 476 DEGs (25 in both regions, 29 only in NAc, 422 only in PFC). Of these DEGs, we found 17 genes that were significant when looked up in GWAS of problematic alcohol use or drinks per week. Gene co-expression analysis showed both concordant and unique gene networks across brain regions. We also identified 29 and 436 drug compounds that target DEGs from our meta-analysis in NAc and DLPFC, respectively. This study identified robust AUD-associated DEGs, providing novel neurobiological insights into AUD and highlighting genes targeted by known drug compounds, generating opportunity for drug repurposing to treat AUD.
Multivariate Time-Lagged Multidimensional Pattern Connectivity (mvTL-MDPC) for EEG/MEG Functional Connectivity Analysis
Authors: Rahimi Setareh , Jackson Rebecca L. , Hauk Olaf 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMultidimensional connectivity methods are critical to reveal the full pattern of complex interactions between brain regions over time. However, to date only bivariate multidimensional methods are available for time-resolved EEG/MEG data, which may overestimate connectivity due to the confounding effects of spurious and indirect dependencies. Here, we introduce a novel functional connectivity method which is both multivariate and multidimensional, Multivariate Time-lagged Multidimensional Pattern Connectivity (mvTL-MDPC), to address this issue in time-resolved EEG/MEG applications. This novel method extends its bivariate counterpart TL-MDPC to estimate how well patterns in an ROI 1 at time pointt1can be linearly predicted from patterns of an ROI 2 at time pointt2while partialling out the multivariate contributions from other brain regions. We compared the performance of mvTL-MDPC and TL-MDPC on simulated data designed to test their ability to identify true direct connections, using the Euclidean distance to the ground truth to measure goodness-of-fit. These simulations demonstrate that mvTL-MDPC produces more reliable and accurate results than the bivariate method. We therefore applied this method to an existing EEG/MEG dataset contrasting words presented in more or less demanding semantic tasks, to identify the dynamic brain network underlying controlled semantic cognition. As expected, mvTL-MDPC was more selective than TL-MDPC, identifying fewer connections, likely due to a reduction in the detection of spurious or indirect connections. Dynamic connections were identified between bilateral anterior temporal lobes, posterior temporal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus, in line with recent neuroscientific models of semantic cognition.
Impact of dendritic spine loss on excitability of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons: a computational study of early Alzheimer disease
Authors: Tian Chengju , Reyes Isabel , Masurkar Arjun V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSynaptic spine loss is an early pathophysiologic hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD) that precedes overt loss of dendritic architecture and frank neurodegeneration. While spine loss signifies a decreased engagement of postsynaptic neurons by presynaptic targets, the degree to which loss of spines and their passive components impacts the excitability of postsynaptic neurons and responses to surviving synaptic inputs is unclear. Using passive multicompartmental models of CA1 pyramidal neurons (PNs), implicated in early AD, we find that spine loss alone drives a boosting of remaining inputs to their proximal and distal dendrites, targeted by CA3 and entorhinal cortex (EC), respectively. This boosting effect is higher in distal versus proximal dendrites and can be mediated by spine loss restricted to the distal compartment, enough to impact synaptic input integration and somatodendritic backpropagation. This has particular relevance to very early stages of AD in which pathophysiology extends from EC to CA1.