bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Lactation A Risk Factor of IUD‐ and Sterilization‐related Uterine Perforation? ‐ A Hypothesis
Authors: Chi I‐Cheng , Kelly Elizabeth 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA recent article reported a high risk of IUD‐related uterine perforation in lactating women in the U.S. This article prompted the authors to examine the large international datasets on IUDs and tubal sterilizations collected by Family Health International. The findings are somewhat suggestive of such a positive association in IUD users as well as in women undergoing laparoscopic or minilaparotomy sterilization. More definitive studies are urged.
Strangulated prolapse of the urethra in the elderly female
Authors: Golomb J. , Merimsky E. , Braf Z. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractCircular prolapse of the urethral mucosa in the elderly female is rarely reported in the literature, but is a common clinical entity. During the years 1972–1983 thirteen women with urethral prolapse were operated upon in our department, in all of whom differentiation of the benign lesion from malignancy could not be done on clinical grounds only. The following survey is meant to draw attention to the entity and its clinical implications.
Perinatal factors in twin mortality in Nigeria
Authors: Fakeye O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe results of a retrospective study involving 622 twin‐pairs born over an 18‐month period among 17,726 births at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria, are presented with particular reference to four variables: birthweight, presentation, parity, and intertwin delivery time interval. The twinning incidence was 35.1 per 1000. Monozygous and dizygous rates are 7 and 28 per 1000, respectively. Overall perinatal mortality (PNM) was 15.5%. Mortality was higher in second than in first twin (19.5% vs. 11.6%), and consistently higher when divided into birthweight groups. Corrected PNM increased with breech presentations: 16.3% in breech: breech compared with 3.9% in vertex: vertex presentations. The twinning rate increased with parity; PNM is low in parity 1, of little variation in birth‐ranks 2–5, and high in para 6 and above. Delivery of the second twin within 15 min seems optimal, giving a corrected PNM 3.6% in contrast to rates of 10.1%, 14.0% and 19.1%, respectively when delivery occurred between 16 and 30, 31 and 60 and greater than 60 min, respectively.Prevention of preterm delivery, increased use of cesarean section delivery for malpresentation, active management of delivery of second twin within an optimal time of 15 min, and family planning are suggested in order to decrease twin PNM.
Advanced abdominal pregnancy in Muhimbili Medical Centre, Tanzania
Authors: Mbura J.S.I. , Mgaya H.N. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA prospective study was conducted at Muhimbili Medical Centre (MMC) over a 2‐year period on 16 patients with advanced abdominocyesis. The incidence of 1 in 3259 deliveries was higher than that of previous years. Infertility prior to index pregnancy was a significant antecedent factor (P < 0.001).The most consistent symptom both in early and late pregnancy was abdominal pain. Difficulty in fetal palpation and abnormal lies were the most significant signs. The sensitivity of clinical suspicion was 68%, ultrasound 85% and X‐ray diagnosis 93%. Sepsis was the leading maternal complication, especially when the placenta was left in situ. Perinatal mortality was 87.5% and maternal mortality was 6.4%.Abdominal pregnancy remains a diagnostic challenge and certain aspects of fetal mortality are ill‐understood. Early diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy can be improved upon by more detailed history taking, a high index of suspicion and meticulous interpretation of sonagraphic and radiological signs. It is suggested that the placenta be removed except in the rarest trying cases and that pregnancy be terminated on diagnosis.
Maternal mortality — a twelve‐year survey at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (U.I.T.H.) Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Adetoro O.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis paper concerns an analysis of maternal death at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (U.I.T.H.) Ilorin over a 12‐year period (1972–1983). There were 138,577 births and 624 deaths making a maternal mortality rate of 4.50 per 1000 births. Hemorrhage, ruptured uterus and obstructed labor were the major direct obstetric causes of death. The most important indirect causes were cerebrospinal meningitis, pulmonary infections and fulminating hepatitis. The main avoidable factors were ineffective and cumbersome blood transfusion services; poor management of the third stage of labor; large number of unbooked patients and poor delivery room structure encouraging sepsis. Suggestions are made for a more integrated type of maternity services in our hospital, health education programs for the public and particularly the expectant women and availability of an effective blood bank service within the maternity hospital premises for prompt treatment of patients requiring emergency blood transfusion. The analysis underlines the great problem of maternal mortality in the developing world.
Fetal heart rate changes following external cephalic version under tocolysis near term
Authors: Rabinovici J. , Barkai G. , Shalev J. , Mashiach S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFifty eight gravidas near‐term underwent external cephalic version using tocolytic treatment and continuous fetal monitoring by cardiotocograph and real‐time ultrasound. No unfavorable maternal or fetal effects were recorded. Fetal heart rates showed a significant decline at 10 and 30 min after the procedure with complete recovery at 1 h after external version, but no pathologic tracing was recorded. No uniform heart rate patterns due to external cephalic version could be found.
Advanced and unsuspected secondary abdominal pregnancy misdiagnosed before laparotomy
Authors: Acien P. , Milla A. , Segarra F. , Piñero J.L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of advanced secondary abdominal pregnancy is presented. It happened in a multiparous patient, a heroin addict and with a previous secondary amenorrhea. In spite of having been controlled through the whole pregnancy, the ectopic pregnancy was not diagnosed until a laparotomy was performed, several days after fetal death. After full extraction of the fetus and placenta, followed by left adnexectomy, the postoperatory evolution was normal. Hormonal and echographic studies and fetal monitorings are provided, and the diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
Randomised trial comparing combinations of cyclophosphamide and cisplatin without or with doxorubicin or 4′‐epi‐doxorubicin in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Hernádi Z. , Juhász B. , Póka R. , Lampé L.G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractForty‐eight patients with FIGO stage III and IV epithelial carcinomas of the ovary were entered in this randomised trial. Radical surgery was performed and no residual tumor with a diameter greater than 2 cm was left behind. Of these patients 62.5% (10/16) had a complete or partial response on cyclophosphamide + cisplatin (CP) 87.5% (14/16) on cyclophosphamide + doxorubicin + cisplatin (CAP) and cyclophosphamide + 4′‐epi‐doxorubicin + cisplatin (CEP). The median time to progression was 3.5 months on CP, 12.5 months on CAP and 11.0 months on CEP. Patients treated with CAP combination chemotherapy had generally longer progression‐free survival (log rankχ2= 5.4; P = 0.04). No significant difference was found, however, between patients on CAP and CEP. The median survival times were 12.5 months on CP, 26.5 months on CAP and 14.0 months on CEP. Patients treated with CAP combination chemotherapy had generally longer survival (logrankχ2= 9.08; P = 0.0099). No significant difference was found, however, between patients on CAP and CEP in terms of survival. Asymptomatic mild‐to‐moderate laboratory test toxicity occurred in 6–12% of patients on CP, 6–12% on CAP and no toxicity of this type and grade on CEP. Nausea and vomiting were also less severe and less frequent in the CEP group. Cardiotoxicity was seen in 12.5% (2/16) only in the CAP group.
Criteria for the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnant and non‐pregnant Nigerian women
Authors: Okonofua F.E. , Amole F.A. , Ayangade S.O. , Nimalaraj T. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn order to establish diagnostic criteria for detection of abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in pregnant and non‐pregnant Nigerian women, the test was performed in 25 non‐pregnant and 60 pregnant non‐diabetic women at various trimesters of pregnancy. The upper limit of normal plasma glucose was the same as that from caucasian populations with respect to the fasting values but much less at 60 and 120 min. When compared to the non‐pregnant controls, fasting plasma glucose was significantly lower during pregnancy, however, there was no change in glucose tolerance during pregnancy. The possible reasons for these observations are discussed and it would appear that our criteria would be the ideal ones to use for clinical purposes in Nigerian women.
Cervical encerclage — a stitch in time: Analysis of 23 cases
Authors: Nalini V. , Urmila P.K. , George E. , Dasan J. , Thomas M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractCervical incompetency has been recognized as a cause of repeated reproductive loss. Currently many surgeons cast doubt on the existence of cervical insufficiency and the efficiency of encerclage to salvage the situation. Over a period of 3 years we did cervical encerclage for 23 patients with recurrent pregnancy loss in whom all other causes were ruled out. Twenty‐one patients benefitted by the procedure, only one ended in missed abortion and one patient had preterm delivery with early neonatal loss. We had a fetal salvage of 91.3%. Birth weights of the babies were above 2500 g in 65.2%. In our experience, with proper selection, patients benefitted from encerclage performed at the appropriate time.
Study of serum copper and zinc in cases of hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: El Tabbakh G. , Darwish E. , El Sebaie F. , Galal S. , El Maradny E. , Loutfi I. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe dehydration, electrolyte and metabolic changes which occur in hyperemesis gravidarum are well recognized. The aim of this paper was to study the changes in serum copper and zinc and their correlation with the changes in serum electrolytes that occur in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum. Serum copper, zinc, sodium and potassium and urinary chloride were measured in 30 patients suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum and compared to the levels in 10 normal pregnant women in their first trimester. There was no significant change in serum copper or zinc in patients with hyperemesis compared to normal pregnant women. Also, there was no significant correlation between the changes in the level of these trace elements and the decrease which occurred in serum sodium and potassium and urinary chloride.
Enhanced pre‐ovulatory progesterone levels in fertile cycles during clomiphene citrate treatment
Authors: Fedele L. , Brioschi D. , Marchini M. , Dorta M. , Baglioni A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe compared ovulatory changes in fertile and preceding infertile cycles in 21 patients with unexplained infertility conceiving after clomiphene citrate treatment. No significant differences were observed in follicular growth, cervical score and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Progesterone was higher (P < 0.05) in the 2 days preceding ovulation in fertile cycles, luteinizing hormone (LH) higher (P < 0.05) the day before, and 17‐β‐estradiol lower (P < 0.05) 4 days before. Stimulating progesterone secretion by systematic LH administration before ovulation could improve secretory endometrial transformation and thus reproductive prognosis.
Use of prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories in third‐trimester fetal demise
Authors: Martin R.W. , Helman N.S. , Martin J.N. , Morrison J.C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA retrospective analysis of eight cases of third‐trimester fetal demise managed with prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories (PGE2) is presented. Management included laminaria insertion prior to induction and an initial lower dosage of PGE2. No cases of uterine rupture or cervicovaginal lacerations were encountered. A summary of the literature as it relates to PGE2 vaginal suppository use in third‐trimester fetal demise is included.
Successful pregnancies of two patients with relapsing thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Ezra Y. , Mordel N. , Sadovsky E. , Schenker J.G. , Eldor A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a severe multisystemic disorder of unknown origin. The association of relapsing TTP with pregnancy is rare but well documented and high mortality rates of mothers and fetuses have been reported so far. Since the introduction of plasma therapy for treating the acute exacerbations of the disease, overall mortality rates have decreased significantly. It is now evident that the manifestations of the disease may reappear even after long disease‐free intervals and as many as a third of the recovering patients may develop a relapse. Presented are two TTP patients with relapsing TTP complicating their pregnancies. Prophylactic treatment with aspirin and dipyridamole during their last three successful pregnancies prevented or minimized the severity of TTP relapses. The course of these pregnancies and the management of such patients is discussed.
The outcome of labor at the University Teaching Hospital (CHU), Yaounde, Cameroon
Authors: Doh A.S. , Nasah B.T. , Kamdom‐Moyo J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe University Teaching Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon became operational in 1982. This retrospective study analyses the performance of the maternity unit during the first 5 years. Data was obtained from casenotes, annual reports, delivery and operation registers. The maternal mortality rate (MMR) is one of the lowest in Africa. The perinatal mortality is low but could be improved upon. The reasons for the low MMR is discussed. It is possible to reduce the appalling MMRs of developing countries without sophisticated technologies.
Early experience with in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer and gamete intrafallopian transfer in a Nigerian hospital
Authors: Olatunbosun O.A. , Lokulo‐Sodipe O. , Okonofua F.E. , Oguntade O. , Armar N.A. , Ahuja K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe present our early experience with in vitro fertilisation‐embryo transfer (IVF‐ET) and gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) in a Nigerian Hospital. Twenty‐one patients were recruited, 11 patients for the IVF‐ET program and 10 for the GIFT program. In the IVF program the oocyte recovery rate was 100%, the fertilization rate was 66% and the cleavage rate was 97% but no live pregnancies were achieved. In contrast, one live delivery was achieved with GIFT. These results suggest that both IVT‐ET and GIFT are feasible in developing countries.
The relative significance of colposcopic descriptive appearances in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Edebiri A.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFour hundred and seventy seven colposcopic appearances have been analysed in 252 patients to determine their histopathological correlation and clinical efficiency in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Immature metaplasia, cervical ectopy and cervicitis produced a considerable quotient of abnormal colposcopic appearances. Acetowhite epithelium had the highest sensitivity (92%), lowest specificity (25%) and a positive predictive value of 61%. Mosaicism and punctation were less sensitive (30 and 38%), but more specific (89 and 85%), respectively and had superior positive predictive values.
Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy
Authors: Barrenetxea G. , Melchor J.C. , Barbazán M.J. , Aranguren G. , Rodriguez‐Escudero F.J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe authors present a rare case of pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy in a 25‐year‐old caucasian primigravida admitted to our department because of pruritus in the third trimester of gestation. Recommendations for management are discussed.
Vaginal delivery after one cesarean section
Authors: van der Walt W.A. , Cronjé H.S. , Bam R.H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjective: To determine the success rate and safety of vaginal delivery after a previous cesarean section in a South African teaching hospital serving a developing community. Method: One hundred eighty‐nine women with a history of one previous cesarean section were studied during a 10.5‐month period. Maternal morbidity was studied in 92 of these patients who had infants weighing 2500 g or more. During the study period 5044 women delivered at the hospital. Results: In the study group of 189 women, 85 (44.9%) delivered vaginally, 65 (34.4%) by cesarean section during labor and 39 (20.6%) had elective cesarean sections. One maternal and two perinatal deaths occurred. In the subgroup of 92 women with babies weighing 2500 g or more at birth, 10 women (10.9%) experienced morbidity related to trial of scar. Conclusion: Vaginal birth was accomplished less often in this population compared with reports from developed countries, but the procedure was equally safe.
Exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period
Authors:   The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn the absence of either obstetric or medical complications, pregnant women can continue to exercise and derive related benefits. Women who have achieved cardiovascular fitness prior to pregnancy should be able to safely maintain that level of fitness throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. Depending on the individual's needs and the physiologic changes associated with pregnancy, women may have to modify their specific exercise regimens. Despite findings that suggest lower birth weights among offspring of women who continue to exercise vigorously throughout pregnancy, there currently are no data to confirm that, with the specific exceptions mentioned here, exercise during pregnancy has any deleterious effects on the fetus. While maternal fitness and sense of well‐being may be enhanced by exercise, no level of exercise during pregnancy has been conclusively demonstrated to be beneficial in improving perinatal outcome.
A clinical model for enhancing adolescent ego identity
Authors: Enright Robert D. , Olson Leanne Marzocco , Ganiere Diane , Lapsley Daniel K. , Buss Ray R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA model of identity formation based on the cognitive developmental stages of social perspective‐taking is described. The model assumes that identity can be achieved through cognitive strategies of considering the self in relation to one friend, one's family, the peer group, and society. Two studies were undertaken to test the model. In Study 1, 28 college students participated in a two week program in which the experimental students were asked to take the perspective of each social entity above and then to consider how the self was like and unlike these. The experimentals gained more than the controls on the identity subscale of Rasmussen's EIS. Fifty‐nine college students participated in Study 2 which used a more sensitive discrepancy score measure on a revised identity scale. Discrepancy scores in an analysis of covariance indicated that the experimentals were higher than the controls at post‐test and at a one month follow‐up.
Parental influence on adolescents' imagination
Authors: Rabinowitz A. , Engelberg D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIt was hypothesized that a permissive democratic parental attitude towards childrearing and favorable accepting attitude towards children's imagination are conducive to the development of their adolescent children's imaginative ability. It was also hypothesized that the mother's role is more crucial than that of the fathers. The subjects were 104 adolescent Israeli boys and girls and their parents. The subjects were administered four scales of the Imaginal Processes Inventory and the Children's Report of Parental Behavior Inventory. The parents filled out a questionnaire devised to study their attitude to children's imagination. The first two hypotheses were not confirmed. The data point in the opposite direction as regards the first hypothesis. There was partial conformation for the third hypothesis. The data were also discussed in relation to healthy and neurotic daydreaming.
Complex role experiences and personal differentiation: a real‐life experiment
Authors: Rapoport Tamar , Rosenhek Zeev 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis paper analyses the relationship between the complexity of role experiences and personal differentiation. “Complex role experiences” are defined by high levels of voluntarism, multiplexity, quasi‐responsibility and trial‐and‐error behaviour. The ability to differentiate between diverse principles of role enactment and various criteria of interpersonal relations is conceptualized as “personal differentiation”. Our hypothesis is that a pre‐designed educational programme providing complex role experiences enhances personal differentiation This hypothesis was tested in an experimental study on Israeli adolescents participating in summer camps. The results show that the active exposure to and assumption of variegated roles in different settings on a voluntaristic basis, while performing meaningful and quasi‐responsible actions by means of trial‐and‐error behaviour, enhances role and interpersonal differentiation, and hence personal differentiation, among adolescents.
The AIDS awareness and sexual behaviour of young people in the South‐west of England
Authors: Ford Nicholas 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA programme of surveys was undertaken in collaboration with District Health Authorities to assess the AIDS awareness and sexual behaviour of young people, in order to help the development and implementation of HIV/AIDS risk‐reduction strategies. Given that the patterns of findings were strongly replicated in the different districts, the data is presented in terms of a combined data set comprising 2955 respondents aged 16–24. The surveys indicate fairly reasonable levels of knowledge about HIV/AIDS but very low personally perceived vulnerability to infection. The sexual culture is one of fairly early ages of first intercourse, moderate levels of partner change and low (one third) levels of condom use. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for HIV/AIDS risk‐reduction strategies.
Clinical features of pregnancies with fatal fetal abnormality
Authors: Kirkinen Pertti , Jouppila Pentti , Herva Riitta 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObstetrical features and antenatal findings in 68 pregnancies with fatal fetal abnormalities are evaluated. The course of the pregnancy was complicated in 81% of these cases, the most common complication being intrauterine fetal growth retardation (IUGR) which was typical for 18‐trisomies and multimalformed fetuses. The retardation in symphyseal‐fundal growth was manifested on the average on the 25th gestational week. Low‐profile type biparietal growth retardation was associated with 43% of the IUGR cases, and the brain‐sparing effect in growth was found in 29%. Polyhydramnios was a complication in 30% of the series. Premature labor was associated with 60% of the spontaneously initiated deliveries in the series, and was not due to the polyhydramniotic tendency only. Antenatal evaluation of the fetoplacental unit function revealed a normal capacity in 62% of the cases. The fatality of the fetal abnormality was not manifested in any special feature in the complications of the pregnancy. Antenatal etiological evaluation and search for fetal anomalies in all pregnancies complicated by early IUGR, polyhydramnios and imminent premature labor is stressed for the adequate assessment of perinatal care.