bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Chronic dermatophyte infection in a patient with vitiligo and discoid lupus erythematosus
Authors: Khosravi A. R. , Mansouri P. , Moazzeni M. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryWe report the case of a patient suffering from vitiligo and discoid lupus erythematosus. The nails of the left hand were involved with subungual hyperkeratosis. He was treated by local and systemic corticosteroid and chloroquine but hyperkeratotic lesions progressed on the affected sites and were found to be caused by Trichophyton violaceum.
Development of non‐narcotic (opiumless and alkaloid‐free) opium poppy, Papaver somniferum
Authors: Sharma J. R. , Lal R. K. , Gupta A. P. , Misra H. O. , Pant V. , Singh N. K. , Pandey V. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA mutation breeding programme using gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) was carried out for genetic conversion of narcotic ‘opium poppy’ into non‐narcotic ‘seed poppy’. Two families contained 31 latexless (opiumless) and 23 partial latex‐bearing plants which were identified in the M2 and confirmed in the M3 generations by the ‘ray‐pluck’ method. Thin‐layer chromatography (TLC)‐densitometry of powdered capsule hulls (straw) from 22 representative plants also revealed that none of the five opium alkaloids (morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine and narcotine) was present in the straw. Six plants also possessed high seed yield (4.0–5.66 g/capsule vs. 3.39 g for control) and seven had a high seed oil content (50.7‐53.5%). The best mutant genotype, LL‐34 of the family C1‐Comb‐113‐2, with 5.66 g/capsule seeds containing 52.6% oil was designated as cv. ‘Sujata’. This, perhaps the world's first opiumless and alkaloid‐free seed poppy cultivar, offers a cheap and permanent (fundamental) solution to the global problem of opium‐linked social abuse. Simultaneously, it serves as a safe and potential food crop with protein‐rich seeds and healthy unsaturated seed oil.
Evidence for phenotypic assortative mating for flower colour in periwinkle
Authors: Kulkarni R. N. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwo experiments were conducted with periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, to determine the extent of natural outcrossing. Three white‐flowered, fully self‐fertile, monogenic recessive mutants, namely, dwarf, wavy leaf margin and curved leaf were used, together with their parental white‐flowered variety, ‘Nirmal’, and a normal pink‐flowered variety, PS‐1. The extent of total outcrossing ranged from 43.4 to 79.3% among mutants. Outcrossing between white × white‐flowered plants ranged from 28.3 to 65.3% and was two to four times greater than that between white × pink‐flowered plants in the three mutants. The extent of out‐crossing between white × pink‐flowered plants was similar “02.2‐15.0%” in all mutants and also similar to that in the normal white‐flowered variety,‘Nirmal’(00.4%), where white × white flower out‐crossing could not be estimated. There were no large differences in the number of seeds per fruit, percentage fruit set and germination percentage of seeds obtained from self, white × white and white × pink flower crosses made in the glasshouse. There were also no significant differences in the number of flowers produced by the genotypes used in the study. The observed higher frequency of white × white flower matings compared with white × pink flower matings appeared to be due to the constancy of flower colour exhibited by the butterfly pollinators Pachliopta hector and Catopsilia pyranthae during their flower visits. Observations made on the occurrence of natural self‐pollination revealed that automatic self‐pollination did not occur in periwinkle.
Chromosomal location of Fusarium head blight resistance genes and analysis of the relationship between resistance to head blight and brown foot rot
Authors: Mentewab A. , Rezanoor H. N. , Gosman N. , Worland A. J. , Nicholson P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn order to identify chromosomes involved in resistance to Fusarium head blight, a set of 21 substitution lines of Triticum macha (resistant) chromosomes into ‘Hobbit’'sib’(susceptible) were evaluated in trials over 2 years. For the first year's trial, all plants were inoculated on the same day with a conidial suspension of F. culmorum. For the second trial, individual plants were inoculated precisely at mid anthesis of each plant over a period of 2 weeks. The disease level was assessed by visual scoring, relative ear weight and F. culmorumn‐specfic quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that T. macha chromosomes 1B, 4A and 7A conferred good overall resistance, suggesting that they carry important genes for resistance. In two additional trials, T. macha and ‘Hobbit’'sib’ were evaluated for resistance to brown foot rot. The results showed that T. macha was more susceptible than ‘Hobbit’‘sib’, indicating that stem base disease response is not correlated with head blight resistance in these cultivars.
Hordeum bulbosum‐a new source of disease resistance‐transfer of resistance to leaf rust and mosaic viruses from H. bulbosum into winter barley
Authors: Walther U. , Rapke H. , Proeseler G. , Szigat G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn outline is given of results for the transfer of new resistances against leaf rust and barley mosaic viruses from Hordeum bulbosum into winter barley. Progenies from backcrosses of barley cultivars with H. bulbosum hybrids were tested both in conventional breeding trials and in additional tests under controlled conditions. Resistance to both pathogens proved to be stable and of good heritability, with differences occurring which depended on the combinations used. Lines with resistance to all leaf rust and mosaic viruses tested, or to either one, were selected. Both resistances segregated independently.
Tolerance to low temperatures and tuber soft rot in hybrids between Solanum commersonii and Solanum tuberosum obtained through manipulation of ploidy and endosperm balance number (EBN)
Authors: Carputo D. , Cardi T. , Palta J. P. , Sirianni P. , Vega S. , Frusciante L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to evaluate the tolerance to low temperatures and tuber soft rot in hybrids between Solanum commersonii and Solanum tuberosum. The experimental materials consisted of F1 triploid, BC1 pentaploid‐near pentaploid and BC2 tetraploid–near tetraploid hybrids. The F1 triploids had a freezing tolerance and acclimatization capacity closest to S. commersonii. This indicated that the endosperm barriers which prevent the introgression of 1EBN S. commersonii into 4EBN S. tuberosum had been overcome. Indeed, the triploids produced 2n eggs, thus giving a compatible maternal to paternal EBN ratio in the hybrid endosperm generated by the 3x(2EBN) × 4x(3EBN) crosses. The tolerance to low temperatures of BC1 and BC2 hybrids was lower than that of the F1. However, a number of genotypes were identified which were able to withstand temperatures down to ‐5°C. Some BC2 hybrids were also tested for their tolerance to tuber soft rot, and some resistant hybrids were detected. A number of them combined the capacity for cold acclimatization with tolerance to tuber soft rot. These hybrids have an EBN of 4; they are fertile and have been used in backcrosses with 4EBN S. tuberosum.
Development of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in Eucalyptus from amplified inter‐simple sequence repeats (ISSR)
Authors: Van Der Nest M. A. , Steenkamp E. T. , Wingfield B. D. , Wingfield M. J. 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Eucalyptus spp. are widely used in exotic plantations. Since many of these trees are derived from vegetative propagation, the routine identification of clones has become increasingly important. The most widely used molecular based method for fingerprinting these clones is by random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). Although this technique is useful, its results are not very repeatable, especially between laboratories. The aim of this study was to develop microsatellite markers that are highly repeatable, and to investigate their value in Eucalyptus fingerprinting. Typically, this process involves the expensive procedure of constructing an enriched genomic library. However, we used an intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based enrichment technique for microsatellite‐rich regions. With this relatively inexpensive method, microsatellite‐rich regions were amplified directly from genomic DNA, after which PCR products were cloned and sequenced. From these microsatellite‐rich sequences, primer sets were constructed to amplify mono‐, di‐, tri‐, hexa‐and nona‐nucleotide repeats. These markers were all inherited in a Mendelian fashion in the progeny of a test cross between two Eucalyptus grandis trees. The primer sets developed were also able to amplify the corresponding microsatellite loci from five different Eucalyptus spp., namely E. grandis, E. nitens, E. globulus, E. camaldulensis and E. urophylla.
Use of chrysanthemum plantlets grown in vitro to test cultivar susceptibility to white rust, Puccinia horiana P. Hennings
Authors: Takatsu Y. , Ohishi K. , Tomita Y. , Hayashi M. , Nakajima M. , Akutsu K. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn efficient incubation and inoculation system for white rust was established using plantlets of chrysanthemum growing in vitro. The internal conditions of a culture vessel (plant box) were maintained at a humidity of 90‐100% and an optimum temperature of 20‐25°C, which are suitable conditions to germinate teliospores and basidiospores of the pathogen. Telia were maintained continuously on plants in the plant box and were used as an inoculum for infection experiments throughout the year, allowing differences in susceptibility to white rust among chrysanthemum cultivars to be detected. Susceptibility to white rust in the plant‐box evaluation showed a good correlation with the rating of sporulation on plants grown in a greenhouse. The method described here is a simple, space‐saving inoculation system to evaluate the susceptibility of chrysanthemums to white rust.
Colchicine‐induced variation of cell size and chloroplast number in leaf mesophyll of rice
Authors: Hassan L. , Wazuddin M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractComparisons were made in the C1 generation between the untreated controls (2x) and colchicine‐treated diploids (C2x) for variation of leaf mesophyll cell size and chloroplast number. Differences were found in that the cell section area and the number of chloroplasts per cell in all the seven lines investigated were significantly greater in the C2x selections compared with the 2x controls using coded determination. In each case, there was an enhancement of chloroplast number independent of the variation in cell size.
Environmental variability and heritability of high oleic acid content in winter oilseed rape
Authors: Schierholt A. , Becker H. C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWinter oilseed rape, with high oleic (HO) acid contents (C18:1) is of interest for nutritional as well as for industrial purposes. HO mutants have been described, but only limited information is available on any environmental influence on the expression of oleic acid content in these mutants. Therefore, a population of 60 doubled‐haploid (DH) lines segregating for oleic acid content (56‐75% C18:1) was grown in two years at three locations in northern Germany. Analysis of variance revealed a high heritability for oleic acid content of h2= 0.99. Subdividing the DH population into a high (> 64% C18:1) and a low (< 64% C18:1) oleic acid class showed high heritabilities (h2= 0.94) for C18:1 contents within both the high and low oleic acid types. The oleic acid contents in HO types of winter oilseed rape were environmentally stable at the three locations tested.
Genetic analysis of bread‐making quality in wheat and spelt
Authors: Zanetti S. , Winzeler M. , Feuillet C. , Keller B. , Messmer M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBread‐making quality in wheat and spelt reflects the combination of several, mostly quantitatively inherited parameters. The aim was to find molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) for quality parameters. Zeleny sedimentation values (Zel), protein (Prot), kernel hardness (KH) and 1000‐kernel weight (TKW) of 226 F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between wheat and spelt were assessed in different environments. The dough properties of 204 RILs were assessed with an alveograph. Based on a genetic map of 187 loci, nine QTL were found for Zel and Prot, explaining 47% and 51% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Fifty‐four per cent of the variance was explained by 10 QTL for KH and eight for TKW. For the alveograph parameters 10 QTL were found for baking strength, nine for tenacity, seven for configuration ratio, and four for elasticity index and extensibility. The phenotypic variance explained ranged from 25% to 48%. The population mean of the dough parameters was shifted towards the spelt parent. It is concluded that non‐additive effects are crucial in the expression of high bread‐making quality of wheat. The consequences for wheat and spelt breeding programmes are discussed.
Effect of the ph1b mutant on chromosome pairing in hybrids between Dasypyrum villosum and Triticum aestivum
Authors: Yu M. Q. , Deng G. B. , Zhang X. P. , Ma X. R. , Chen J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractChromosome pairing was analysed in F1 hybrids of the wheat cultivar ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) and its ph1b mutant (CSphlb) with Dasypyrum villosum. On average, 1.61 chromosomes per cell paired in the hybrid CS ×D. villosum, but 14.43 in the hybrid CS ph1b×D. villosum. Genomic fluorescence in situ hybridization (GISH) revealed three types of homoeologous association between wheat (W) and D. villosum (D) chromosomes (W‐D, D‐W‐W and D‐W‐D) in pollen mother cells of the CS ph1b×D. villosum hybrid, and only one type (W‐W), in the CS ×D. villosum hybrid. Both F1 hybrids were self‐sterile. The seed set of the backcross of CS ×D. villosum with CS was 6.67% and that of CS ph1b×D. villosum with CS or CS ph1b was only 0.45%. The chromosome number of BC1 plants varied from 48 to 72. Translocations of chromosome segments or entire arms between wheat and D. villosum chromosomes were detected by GISH in the BC1 plants from the backcross of CS ph1b×D. villosum to CS ph1b.
Expression of male sterility in alloplasmic Brassica juncea with Erucastrum canariense cytoplasm and the development of a fertility restoration system
Authors: Prakash S. , Ahuja I. , Upreti H. C. , Kumar V. Dinesh , Bhat S. R. , Kirti P. B. , Chopra V. L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn alloplasmic mustard, Brassica juncea, has been synthesized by placing its nucleus into the cytoplasm of the related wild species Erucastrum canariense to express cytoplasmic male sterility. To achieve this, the sexual hybrid E. canariense (2n=18, EcEc) ×Brassica campestris (2n= 20, AA) was repeatedly backcrossed to B. juncea (2n= 36, AABB). Cytoplasmic male‐sterile (CMS) plants were recovered in the BC4 generation. These plants are a normal green and the flowers have slender, non‐dehiscing anthers that contain sterile pollen. Nectaries are well developed and female fertility is > 90%. The fertility restoration gene was introgressed to CMS B. juncea from the cytoplasmic donor E. canariense through pairing between chromosomes belonging to B. juncea with those of the E. canariense genome. The restorer plants have normal flowers, with well‐developed anthers containing fertile pollen. Meiosis proceeds normally. Pollen and seed fertility averaged 90% and 82%, respectively. F1 hybrids between CMS and the restorer are fully pollen fertile and show normal seed set. Preliminary results indicate that restoration is achieved by a single dominant gene. The constitution of the organelle genomes of the CMS, restorer and fertility restored plants is identical, as revealed by Southern analysis using mitochondrial and chloroplast probes atp A and psb D, respectively.
PCR‐genotyping of barley seedlings using DNA samples from tissue prints
Authors: Drescher A. , Graner A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractScreening of large numbers of plant samples with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based techniques is a central task in marker‐assisted plant breeding and molecular genetics. While PCR and electrophoresis have been streamlined as a result of high‐throughput analysis methods, the collection of plant material and its processing to make it accessible for reliable amplification reactions remain labour‐intensive, costly and not amenable to automation. As an alternative to traditional extraction protocols, DNA can be bound to specially treated paper (FTA‐paper). For PCR analysis, instead of being added as a liquid suspension, DNA is then released from small paper disks that are immersed into the reaction mixture. In the present study, several parameters were investigated for the successful amplification of various single‐copy sequence characterized amplified region markers from barley tissue prints. The results show that the FTA‐paper approach offers a quick, reliable and low‐cost alternative for PCR screening even in a crop plant with a large genome.
Monosomic addition lines of Beta corolliflora in sugar beet: plant morphology and leaf spot resistance
Authors: Gao D. , Jung C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractMonosomic addition lines in Beta vulgaris from Beta corolliflora were described morphologically and characterized for disease resistance. Monosomic addition plants (2n= 19) were selected among segregating offspring by a squash dot technique in combination with B. corolliflora‐specific probes. Plants carrying an added chromosome were characterized by leaf shape, plant size and plant vigour. In this way, most addition lines could be distinguished from diploid beets, however, to identify those plants unequivocally, molecular marker analysis was also necessary. Transmission frequencies of each addition line were determined to be in the range 13.9% (Cor‐4) to 60% (Cor‐9). High transmission rate of addition line Cor‐9 was assumed to be due to apomictic propagation because transmission rate after selfing cannot exceed 50%. Cercospora leaf spot resistance tests were performed on 167 monosomic plants from seven different addition lines, two fragment addition lines and 89 diploid controls. No line exhibited complete resistance, but the monosomic additions Cor‐3 and Cor‐4 showed significantly lower infection rates than their diploid sibling plants. The identification of monosomic addition lines with apomictic and disease resistance characters offers the possibility of transferring those genes to sugar beet.
Eyespot resistance in wheat ×Aegilops kotschyi backcross lines
Authors: Thiele A. , Schumann E. , Peil A. , Weber W. E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn wheat, eyespot caused by PseudoCercosporella herpotrichoides, is one of the main foot‐rot diseases. Yield losses up to 40% occur in some years. Plant protection by fungicide application is possible, but a better way is through resistance breeding. Two resistance sources are currently used: Aegilops ventricosa and the old French variety ‘Cappelle Desprez’. A new source of resistance has been found in the accession AE120 of Ae. kotschyi from the Gatersleben gene bank with the genome constitution UUSvSv. This accession has been crossed and backcrossed twice to susceptible wheat varieties, and in each generation, plants with a relatively high level of resistance have been selected. From this material, lines have been developed and tested in F6 to F8. Finally, several lines could be classified as moderately resistant, such as the French variety ‘Cappelle Desprez’ after resistance determination during milk ripeness (DC75). No line reached the high resistance level achieved with Pch‐1 from Ae. ventricosa. The yield of these lines under infection conditions was higher compared with ‘Cappelle Desprez’. The line 6018‐96‐3 showed a high yield of 64.3 dt/ha compared with 59.6 dt/ha, on the average, in combination with the best expression of eyespot resistance in the adult growth stage over 3 years.
Inheritance of resistance to race F of broomrape in sunflower lines of different origins
Authors: Akhtouch B. , Muñoz‐Ruz J. , Melero‐Vara J. , Fernández‐Martínez J. , Domínguez J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA new race F of broomrape overcomes all known resistance genes in cultivated sunflower, but recently, sources of resistance against race F have been developed. The objective of the present research was to study the inheritance of resistance to race F in crosses between 12 resistant sunflower breeding lines, derived from three different sources of resistance, and the susceptible male‐sterile line P‐21. Parental lines and F1, F2, F3 and BC1 generations were evaluated for broomrape resistance. Segregations in the F2 and BC1 to resistant parent approached resistant to susceptible ratios of 1: 15 and 1: 3, respectively, in most of the crosses, suggesting a double dominant epistasis. However, segregations of 3: 13 and 1: 1 for F2 and BC1, respectively, indicating a dominant‐recessive epistasis, were also found. The F3 data confirmed these results. Owing to the recessive nature of this resistance, it must be incorporated into both parental lines for developing resistant hybrid cultivars.
Genetic diversity and relationships among pea cultivars revealed by RAPDs and AFLPs
Authors: Simioniuc D. , Uptmoor R. , Friedt W. , Ordon F. , Swiecicki W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn order to obtain an overview of the genetic diversity present within the set of pea cultivars released in Germany, 21 cultivars were analysed at the DNA level by random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), as well as for agronomic traits. Yield of grain cultivars ranged from 2.95 to 3.87 t/ha. Based on the screening of 60 RAPD primers and 32 Eco RI + 3/Mse I+3 AFLP primer combinations, 20 RAPD primers and 11 Eco RI + 3/MseI+ 3 primer combinations generating polymorphic and distinct fragments were chosen for estimation of genetic diversity. Twenty RAPD primers amplified a total of 314 scorable bands ranging from about 262 bp to 1996 bp. Of these, 175 fragments (55.7%) were polymorphic. Based on these data, genetic similarity (GS) was estimated between 0.80 (‘Lisa’ vs.‘Grapis’) and 0.94 (‘Bohatyr’ vs. ‘Sponsor’; mean GS = 0.88). Eleven AFLP primer combinations led to the amplification of 949 scorable fragments ranging from 43 to 805 bp and of these, 462 (48.7%) were polymorphic. Genetic similarity based on AFLPs was calculated between 0.85 (‘Lisa’ vs.‘Laser’) and 0.94 (‘Bohatyr’ vs. ‘Sponsor’, mean GS = 0.90). Correlation of genetic similarity estimated on RAPDs and AFLPs was estimated at r = 0.79** using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and at r = 0.84 by the Mantel test, respectively. UPGMA cluster analysis carried out on these data separately for RAPDs and AFLPs and on the combined data reflected, to some extent, pedigree relationships and cophenetic correlations (r = 0.89 for RAPDs, r = 0.88 for AFLPs, and r = 0.93 RAPDs + AFLPs) indicate a good fit of respective clusters to genetic similarity data. The correlation of cluster analyses to pedigree information and the impact on parental genotype selection is discussed.