bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Rainfall Variability Over Major River Basins of India Using Multi Temporal Satellite Data Products
Authors: Choubey Saurabh , Kumar Prashant , Chander Shard , Kumari Rina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHigh resolution remotely sensed rainfall data is indispensable to accurately monitor rainfall variability at a river basin scale under climate change. The aim of the study is to assess the change in rainfall climatology and determine the performance of three GPM rainfall products (IMERG Final_Run, GSMaP_Gauge and recently developed GSMaP_ISRO) against in situ observation over major Indian River basins for the monsoon season rainfall during 2000–2020. The analysis provides valuable insights into the issues in the rainfall products and their performance under varying rainfall intensity (low, moderate and heavy) and orography. Results indicate that mean monsoon rainfall is better represented in GSMaP_ISRO than IMERG Final_Run and GSMaP_Gauge estimates. GSMaP_ISRO outperformed IMERG Final_Run and GSMaP_Gauge with smaller root‐mean‐square error and higher correlation coefficient. It was observed that the performance of GPM rainfall is influenced by rainfall intensity and terrain height of basins. In particular, for high rainfall occurrence, the Brahmaputra and Barak basins in northeast India exhibited large uncertainties in IMERG Final_Run and GSMaP_Gauge products. The statistical evaluation of different rainfall scores (POD, FAR and CSI) suggested that the GSMaP_ISRO rainfall has significant skill over Indian river basins. A significant improvement is observed over Brahmaputra (RMSD = 34.46, CC = 0.92, FAR = 0.26), Barak and others (RMSD = 65.75, CC = 0.95, FAR = 0.29) and Cauvery basin (RMSD = 23.1, CC = 0.8, FAR = 0.15) for GSMaP_ISRO estimates. These findings provide valuable information on the accuracy of GPM rainfall necessary for hydro‐meteorological applications.
Diet quality indicators and organic food consumption in mothers of young children
Authors: Woś Karolina , Dobrowolski Hubert , Gajewska Danuta , Rembiałkowska Ewa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe health benefits of organic food provide one reason for consuming it. Various studies have shown that regular organic food consumers (REG eco‐con) follow a healthier diet. However, this topic has not been explored in Poland. This study aimed to evaluate the diet quality of mothers with children under 6 years old, residing in three provinces of Poland, who consumed organic food at varying frequencies. Data were collected using validated questionnaires.ResultsAmong the mothers surveyed (N = 667), 84% achieved an average Diet Quality Index (DQI) score, indicating a neutral impact of their diet on health. Meanwhile, 15% of respondents exhibited diets with a high intensity of health‐promoting characteristics. Women with a higher frequency of organic food consumption displayed more health‐promoting dietary behavior. Regular organic food consumers demonstrated significantly higher DQI and Pro‐Healthy Diet Index (pHDI) scores than those with lower organic food consumption frequency. The REG eco‐con mothers also reported significantly more frequent consumption of vegetables, fruit, whole‐grain bread and cereals, fermented dairy products, legumes, and fish. Respondents who rated their state of health as better than that of their peers were characterized by more frequent consumption of organic food.ConclusionAn organic diet may play a significant role in an individual's quality of life and well‐being. The results of this study could be relevant for the organic food sector and policymakers in developing nutritional transformation towards sustainability. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ultra‐Wideband Simultaneous Manipulations of Fundamental and Harmonic Waves Based on Space‐Time Coding Metasurface: Basic Principles and mmWave Applications
Authors: Liu Yujie , Wang Yu , Fu Xiaojian , Luo Jiang , Zhu Ziyi , Xu Hang , Wang Peng , Fu Yuan , Cao Liu , Xu Yongjun , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA 2‐bit millimeter‐wave (mmWave) space‐time coding metasurface (STCM) based on an innovative theoretical mechanism and encoding strategy to boost the performance of wireless communications is proposed. Specifically, this metasurface can switch between four different modes by controlling the working states of the active components loaded on the metasurface element. Combined with a simple, efficient, and robust mechanism and encoding strategy, it achieves arbitrary phase controls of the fundamental and harmonic frequencies over an ultra‐wideband range. Based on these developments, a single‐aperture, multi‐channel mmWave wireless communication system is constructed that basically spans the entire V‐band. It is demonstrated that different data are transmitted under the quadrature phase shift keying modulation scheme at the fundamental and harmonic frequencies, with an operating bandwidth exceeding 25 GHz. Furthermore, the research has achieved an ultrafast single‐aperture communication rate, while seamlessly integrating information modulation and beamforming into the system. The proposed mmWave STCM‐based communication architecture, both compact and miniaturized, offers an efficient and low‐complexity solution for achieving comprehensive coverage, affordability, high capacity, and reliable communications in the next‐generation wireless networks.
Visualizing the selective localization of carbon nanotubes in immiscible polymer blends
Authors: Ramakrishnan Shashank , Mohseni Majid , dos Anjos Erick Gabriel Ribeiro , Sundararaj Uttandaraman 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper examines the migration mechanisms of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in 80/20 polyvinylidenefloride/polystyrene (PVDF/PS) and 80/20 polyvinylidenefloride /polycaprolactone (PVDF/PCL) blends. We contrasted the migration of MWCNTs in a low‐viscosity, semi‐crystalline PCL phase versus that in a high‐viscosity, amorphous PS phase. With a 1 vol% loading of MWCNTs, the PVDF/PCL system required 54% higher processing work relative to the neat blend, while the PVDF/PS system required 360% higher work. A visualization system was used to capture the changes in the structure of the blend throughout the mixing process. The structural changes in the blend were correlated with the processing Work and the morphology through electron microscopy. Using the Young equation, for the PVDF/PCL blend, MWCNT is predicted to have a thermodynamic affinity to migrate to the interface, while preferring to remain in the PVDF phase for the PVDF/PS system. However, in practice, for the PVDF/PCL system, the MWCNTs are localized in the PCL phase, while the MWCNTs remained scattered between the PS and PVDF phases for the PVDF/PS system. The viscoelastic properties of the polymers, specifically the viscosity of the minor component, played a crucial role in the migration mechanism. Due to a better dispersion of MWCNTs, the rheological and electromagnetic properties of the PVDF/PCL system are significantly higher.Highlights
In‐situ visualization of carbon nanotubes migration during blending.
Examining the influence of viscosity of the blend on the migration of nanofiller.
Correlating the torque of mixing to the morphology of blends.
Compression behavior of the CFRP square tubes after low‐velocity impact
Authors: Wu Ye , Lin Fangjun , Huang Jiabao , Wang Fangxin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis work investigates the impact resistance and compression after impact (CAI) strength of carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer (CFRP) square tubes with varying wall thicknesses and diameters. Low‐velocity impact (LVI) tests are conducted on CFRP square tubes with three wall thicknesses and diameters at four incident energy levels, followed by compression tests on the impacted specimens. The results, including impact response history and failure morphology captured by the digital image correlation (DIC) technology, reveal that augmenting the wall thickness of CFRP square tubes substantially boosts their impact resistance and load‐bearing capabilities, evidenced by a remarkable 176.17% enhancement in CAI strength when the wall thickness is increased from 1.5 to 2.5 mm under a 20 J impact energy. Conversely, enlarging the diameter tends to diminish rigidity and impact resistance; however, it marginally augments CAI strength and residual strength.Highlights
CAI strength of CFRP square tubes with varying geometries was investigated.
DIC graph providing a comprehensive understanding of failure mechanisms.
Failure mode was distinguished based on the low‐velocity characterization.
Optimization of Extraction Process, Structural Characterization, and Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activity Evaluation of Polysaccharides From the Medicinal and Edible Plant: Cistanche deserticola Ma
Authors: Xue Tao‐Tao , Zheng Dong‐Xuan , Hou Qiang , Wen Li‐Mei , Wang Bao‐Juan , Geng Ruo‐Yu , Wang Qian‐Qian , Dai Wu , Tian Li‐Ying , He Sheng‐Qi , Yang Jian‐Hua , Hu Jun‐Ping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionCistanche deserticola Ma (CD), an edible and medicinal plant native to Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Gansu in China, is rich in bioactive polysaccharides known for their health‐promoting properties. The polysaccharides of C. deserticola (CDPs) have been shown to possess a range of beneficial activities, including immunomodulatory, anti‐aging, antioxidant, and anti‐osteoporosis effects.ObjectiveThis study seeks to identify the optimal conditions for extracting CDPs using hot water. Additionally, it aims to evaluate their chemical properties, antioxidant activity, hypoglycemic effects, and cytotoxicity. The findings will provide a theoretical foundation for the potential use of CDPs in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.MethodologyThe study employed response surface methodology to optimize the hot water extraction conditions for CDPs. The extracted CDPs were characterized using a range of chemical, spectroscopic, and instrumental analyses. Furthermore, their antioxidant activity, hypoglycemic effects, and cytotoxicity were evaluated through relevant assays to assess their potential health benefits.ResultsUnder optimal conditions, the yield of CDPs was 45.85% ± 1.91%. CDPs were identified as acidic heteropolysaccharides with a wide molecular weight distribution, ranging from 0.3 to 128.2 kDa. They were composed primarily of glucose (51.21%), arabinose (32.86%), galactose (17.88%), and smaller amounts of galacturonic acid (4.66%), rhamnose (1.85%), mannose (1.32%), glucosamine hydrochloride (1.08%), and xylose (0.56%). Antioxidant assays demonstrated that CDPs exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity, metal ion chelation, and reducing power. Additionally, CDPs inhibited α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase in vitro through a mixed‐type mechanism, as well as static fluorescence quenching. Cytotoxicity assays showed that CDPs were nontoxic to L02 and AML12 cells.ConclusionThis study offers a theoretical foundation for the potential use of CDPs in functional foods and pharmaceuticals and provides valuable insights for the development of new antioxidant and hypoglycemic agents from natural sources.
Enhanced water resistance in post‐crosslinked polyurethane dispersion films using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether
Authors: Kwon Yong Rok , Park Jun Ho , Kim Hae Chan , Chang Young‐Wook , Kim Dah Hee , Kim Dong Hyun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA post‐crosslinked polyurethane dispersion (PUD) with excellent water resistance was prepared using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDGE) as a crosslinker. An anionic PUD was synthesized using dimethylol propionic acid as an internal emulsifier. During the curing process of the PUD film, the hydrophilic carboxylic acid and amine groups of PUD were consumed by the reaction with EGDGE. The reduction of hydrophilic functional groups and the increase of the crosslinking density effectively improved the water resistance of PUD films. In addition, the tensile strength of the PUD film increased from 54.2 MPa to a maximum of 75.3 MPa. The crosslinked structure reduced the crystallinity of the PUD film, which led to an increase in transparency.Highlights
Novel EGDGE‐crosslinked PUD films with enhanced water resistance were developed.
PUD samples introduced with EGDGE indicated favorable storage stability.
Crosslinking reduced hydrophilic groups, improving thermal and mechanical stability.
Optimized EGDGE content (6 wt%) yielded maximum tensile strength (75.3 MPa).
Transparency increased due to suppressed phase separation in crosslinked PUDs.
Massive Sampling Strategy for Antibody–Antigen Targets in CAPRI Round 55 With MassiveFold
Authors: Raouraoua Nessim , Lensink Marc F. , Brysbaert Guillaume 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMassive sampling with AlphaFold2 improves protein–protein complex predictions. This has been shown during the last CASP15‐CAPRI blind prediction round by the AFsample tool. However, more difficult targets including antibody–antigen binding remain challenging. CAPRI Round 55 consisted of three antibody–antigen targets and one heterotrimer. We used our AlphaFold2‐based MassiveFold, running 6 prediction pools, each with their own set of parameters, to produce in total more than 6000 predictions per target. We show here that massive sampling categorically produces acceptable to high quality predictions, however it is clear that the AlphaFold2 confidence score cannot be used to identify the best models in the set. We also show that, contrary to what was done before for CASP15‐CAPRI with AFsample, increasing the sampling without activating the dropout provides the best models for most of the targets of Round 55.
Effects, Mechanisms of Action and Application of Vitex agnus‐castus for Improvement of Health and Female Reproduction
Authors: Sirotkin Alexander V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis narrative review describes the provenance and chemical composition of Vitex agnus‐castus, as well as the currently available knowledge concerning its action. To search the related articles, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS databases between the years 1995 and 2024, and the keywords “Vitex,” “review,” “fertility,” “ovarian” and “mechanisms” were used in various combinations. The data listed in this review demonstrate that Vitex agnus‐castus and its constituents (isoflavones and essential oils) affect a number of physiological actions via multiple extra‐ and intracellular mechanisms of action. This makes it an efficient drug in both traditional and modern medicine for the treatment of a number of illnesses. The main described target of Vitex agnus‐castus is female reproduction. It can up‐regulate ovarian cycle and fecundity via a wide spectrum of mediators from hypothalamic, pituitary and ovarian hormones up to intracellular regulators of proliferation, apoptosis, oxidation and dopamine receptors. These effects determine its potential action as protector and medicine against a number of female reproductive disorders and reproduction‐related health problems including menstrual disorders, premenstrual syndrome, cyclic mastalgia, corpus luteum insufficiency, abnormal production of progesterone and prolactin, low fertility and infertility, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Nevertheless, further high‐quality studies are needed to firmly establish the biological and clinical efficacy of this plant.
Curcumin: A Potential Detoxifier Against Chemical and Natural Toxicants
Authors: Kumar Harsh , Dhalaria Rajni , Kimta Neetika , Guleria Shivani , Upadhyay Navneet Kumar , Nepovimova Eugenie , Dhanjal Daljeet Singh , Sethi Nidhi , Manickam Sivakumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe human body gets exposed to a variety of toxins intentionally or unintentionally on a regular basis from sources such as air, water, food, and soil. Certain toxins can be synthetic, while some are biological. The toxins affect the various parts of the body by activating numerous pro‐inflammatory markers, like oxidative stresses, that tend to disturb the normal function of the organs ultimately. Nowadays, people use different types of herbal treatments, viz., herbal drinks that contain different spices for detoxification of their bodies. One such example is turmeric, the most commonly available spice in the kitchen and used across all kinds of households. Turmeric contains curcumin, which is a natural polyphenol. Curcumin is a medicinal compound with different biological activities, such as antioxidant, antineoplastic, anti‐inflammatory, and antibacterial. Hence, this review gives a comprehensive insight into the promising potential of curcumin in the detoxification of heavy metals, carbon tetrachloride, drugs, alcohol, acrylamide, mycotoxins, nicotine, and plastics. The review encompasses diverse animal‐based studies portraying curcumin's role in nullifying the different toxic effects in various organs of the body (especially the liver, kidney, testicles, and brain) by enhancing defensive signaling pathways, improving antioxidant enzyme levels, inhibiting pro‐inflammatory markers activities and so on. Furthermore, this review also argues over curcumin's safety assessment for its utilization as a detoxifying agent.
Investigation of the Structural, Mechanical, Thermal, and Magneto‐Electronic Properties of Promising Ferrite Spinel Oxides XFe2O4 (X = Ge and Sm): A First‐Principle Approach
Authors: Bashir Tahira , Alotaibi Khalid M. , Ali Sajad , Ullah Hayat , Safeen Kashif , Safeen Akif , Immad‐Uddin  , Iqbal Yousuf , Din Syed Taj Ud 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study employs first‐principles computations to analyze ferrite spinels GeFe2O4 and SmFe2O4 using density functional theory (DFT). Structural stability calculations reveal that GeFe2O4 favors an antiferromagnetic phase, while SmFe2O4 stabilizes in a ferrimagnetic phase. Both compounds are elastically stable and ductile, and exhibit lattice constants consistent with experimental values, validating the reliability of the calculations. A significant drop in Debye temperature (from 495 to 233 K) occurs when Ge is replaced by Sm, while high melting temperatures indicate thermal stability over broad temperature ranges. The spin‐polarized electronic band structure confirms the metallic nature of both materials. Furthermore, the Curie temperature and magnetic moment of SmFe2O4, calculated using Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA + U) and the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof (HSE) methods, underline its potential for spintronic applications.
Greenwood Statistic Under Distortion Measurement Errors
Authors: Yao Chaolin , Zhang Jun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we address the crucial necessity of understanding the behavior of the Greenwood statistic when dealing with data corrupted by multiplicative measurement errors. The unobservable variable is subject to a multiplicative distortion influenced by an unknown smoothing function dependent on a confounding variable. We introduce the conditional mean calibrated Greenwood statistic and its variants, including the coefficient of variation, to adapt to this complex situation. The asymptotic results we present showcase their effectiveness even when such distortions are present. Moreover, for general distributions of the unobserved variable, we extend the methodology by proposing calibrated‐modified Greenwood statistics and the coefficient of variation. These methods are demonstrated to be asymptotically efficient under various assumptions about the distortion function. Furthermore, we conduct Monte Carlo simulation experiments to assess the performance of the proposed estimators and test statistics, during which we compare our proposed test statistics with existing ones. For illustrative purposes, these methods are then applied to analyze a real‐world dataset.MSC2020 Classification: 62G05, 62G08, 62G20
Sustainable Migration and Depopulation: A Methodological Proposal From the Perspective of the SDGs
Authors: Carracedo Patricia , Puertas Rosa , Miró Pau , Hervás David 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSustainable development requires orderly migratory flows that avoid the resulting socio‐economic tensions in the countries of origin and destination. Issues such as climate, armed conflicts and the lack of job stability encourage human displacement towards large cities, simultaneously generating problems of human densification at the destination and depopulation in the abandoned areas. In this study, we analyzed the link between the determinants of quality of life and immigration, with the aim of identify the factors that need to be strengthened in the “emptied” territories and, in this way, achieve a reasonable distribution of the population. We use a methodological advance of the random forest in order to correctly address the complexity and variability of the data. The study is limited to Spain's 19 autonomous regions, which suffer from both depopulation and overpopulation, covering a broad period that guarantees the robustness of the results (2008–2021). There is evidence of the importance of the labor market, health and education in the settlement of migrants. Decision‐makers need to strengthen these aspects in under‐inhabited areas by directing financial resources towards enhancing their attractiveness. This will make it possible to redirect this human exodus by re‐establishing the economic and social order of the territories as a whole.
A Generalized Bayesian Stochastic Block Model for Microbiome Community Detection
Authors: Lutz Kevin C. , Neugent Michael L. , Bedi Tejasv , De Nisco Nicole J. , Li Qiwei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAdvances in next‐generation sequencing technology have enabled the high‐throughput profiling of metagenomes and accelerated microbiome studies. Recently, there has been a rise in quantitative studies that aim to decipher the microbiome co‐occurrence network and its underlying community structure based on metagenomic sequence data. Uncovering the complex microbiome community structure is essential to understanding the role of the microbiome in disease progression and susceptibility. Taxonomic abundance data generated from metagenomic sequencing technologies are high‐dimensional and compositional, suffering from uneven sampling depth, over‐dispersion, and zero‐inflation. These characteristics often challenge the reliability of the current methods for microbiome community detection. To study the microbiome co‐occurrence network and perform community detection, we propose a generalized Bayesian stochastic block model that is tailored for microbiome data analysis where the data are transformed using the recently developed modified centered‐log ratio transformation. Our model also allows us to leverage taxonomic tree information using a Markov random field prior. The model parameters are jointly inferred by using Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling techniques. Our simulation study showed that the proposed approach performs better than competing methods even when taxonomic tree information is non‐informative. We applied our approach to a real urinary microbiome dataset from postmenopausal women. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the urinary microbiome co‐occurrence network structure in postmenopausal women has been studied. In summary, this statistical methodology provides a new tool for facilitating advanced microbiome studies.