bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histoire et linguistique. L’enjeu éthique de l’événement discursif : la parole des sans
Authors: Guilhaumou Jacques 
Published: February 2024

Jacques Guilhaumou présente un bilan des relations entre histoire et linguistique depuis l’apparition, au cours des années 1970-1980, d’une discipline scientifique nouvelle, l’analyse du discours. Il propose ensuite deux exemples de travaux en histoire du discours situés dans le champ de la parole des « sans ». Il s’agit en premier lieu d’une description discursive sur la base d’un corpus d’entretiens de « dits exclus » et en second lieu d’une analyse performative du corpus « Le Vrai Débat » des Gilets jaunes.
Linguistique et archéologie (et paléogénétique)
Authors: Demoule Jean-Paul 
Published: February 2024

Les relations entre archéologie et linguistique sont consubstantielles, dans la mesure où l’archéologie a d’abord été définie comme une « science auxiliaire de l’histoire », l’essentiel des sources étant les textes, que l’archéologie ne venait que compléter. Au cours du XXe siècle l’archéologie, en développant de nouvelles méthodes, a pris son indépendance pour devenir l’étude des sociétés à travers leurs vestiges matérielles. Parmi ces méthodes, l’informatique a joué très tôt un rôle essentiel afin de traiter des masses de données, ce qui impliqua leur formalisation. Par ailleurs, préhistoire et linguistique ont convergé dans la recherche problématique d’une « langue-mère », recherche très en vogue dans les années 1990, avant de l’être moins ensuite. En revanche, cette même association, maintenant complétée par la génétique, s’est efforcé depuis deux siècles d’expliquer historiquement l’existence de grandes familles linguistiques, celle des langues indo-européennes avant tout, mais aussi austronésiennes et langues bantoues. À ce stade de nos connaissances, il semble que les modèles purement migrationnistes et arborescents méritent d’être complétés par des modèles en réseaux.
Validation psychologique d’hypothèses linguistiques, et inversement. Autour de l’expression « du coup »
Authors: Col Gilles , Knutsen Dominique 
Published: February 2024

Nous proposons une rencontre entre nos disciplines respectives, psychologie et linguistique, afin d’étudier une question relevant des deux disciplines mais généralement traitée séparément. Notre tentative est une recherche de confluence disciplinaire, à partir des qualités et des défauts de chaque discipline. Notre objectif est d’analyser à différentes échelles d’observation une question concernant la langue et les processus langagiers : l’expression « du coup » en dialogue. Nous estimons qu’une analyse à deux voix distinctes et complémentaires devrait nous permettre aussi de cerner une question langagière complexe.
Glaucomatocyclitic Crisis in a Nigerian Child
Authors: Sarimiye Tarela F. , Adebusoye Steve 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Glaucomatocyclitic crisis is a condition that elicits significant elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) with minimal non-granulomatous anterior uveitis. It is usually unilateral, occasionally recurrent, and easily treatable in most cases. It is seen mainly in young adults but is rarely reported in children. This is to report an uncommon case of glaucomatous cyclitic crisis (Posner-Schlossman syndrome) in a Nigerian child.

Case report:
A 15-year-old boy presented with pain, haloes around light, photophobia, and decreased vision in the left eye over the course of the day. He has a similar history from 5 years ago, with a brief resolution on steroid eye drops. Ocular examination in the left eye revealed minimal non-granulomatous anterior uveitis with significantly elevated intraocular pressure. He was treated with topical steroid and ocular hypotensive and his IOP was 14 mmHg at 14 hours, down from 44 mmHg at the start. The anterior chamber was quiet by the fourth day of treatment. The clinical picture in this child was consistent with Posner-Schlossman syndrome. Following resolution of the inflammation and discontinuation of all medications, the patient is being followed up as a glaucoma suspect because of the subtle disc finding and the slight risk of glaucoma development later.

Conclusion:
Although glaucomatocyclitic crisis is uncommon in children, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of uveitis and glaucoma in paediatric patients.
Bilateral Congenital Anophthalmia and Hydrocephalus in Calabar, Nigeria: A Case Report
Authors: Nkanga Elizabeth D. , Okonkwo Sunday O. , Jimoh Abdulrasheed. , Ochigbo Sunday O. , Nkanga Dennis G. , Udoh Jacob J. 
Published: February 2024

Congenital anophthalmia is a rare deformity with a complex aetiology. It can co-exist with disorders of central nervous system. The aim of this report is to present the socio-demographic, clinical data and management challenges of an abandoned HIV-exposed neonate with bilateral congenital anophthalmia and hydrocephalus, in Calabar, Nigeria.
A 6-day-old female term neonate presented to the Newborn Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary hospital in Calabar, Nigeria, with a history of inability of mother to see the baby’s eyeballs since birth. There was no family history of a similar eye defect, consanguinity, or other associated histories. Ophthalmic examination findings included: mucopurulent discharge, shortened eyelids and palpebral fissure and absent eyeballs. A Transfontanelle ultrasound scan of the large head showed an obstructive hydrocephalus. Mother abandoned the baby in the hospital.
Management of bilateral congenital anophthalmia is multidisciplinary. There may be an association with HIV infection. Abandonment of malformed babies is of psychosocial importance.
Eyelid Sarcoidosis Lesion in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Okudo Adaora C. , Babalola Olufemi E. , Umobong Emanso O. , Titiloye Hilda A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report a case of sarcoidosis involving the eyelid in a Nigerian setting. Lid masses are sometimes overlooked by patients and attending physicians. This report is on a 47-year-old Ghanaian male who presented to private eye clinic in Abuja, Nigeria. He had multiple eyelid lesions, skin lesions on his scalp, back of his ear and neck. He had a history of coughing and wheezing. Histopathology of skin biopsy confirmed that they were sarcoid lesion. Chest X-ray showed hilar lymphadenopathy. He was placed on tablets prednisolone 20 mg daily for 8 weeks. The symptoms abated and have not reoccurred 3 years posttreatment. In conclusion, atypical eyelid lesions with pulmonary involvement should be biopsied and sent for histopathology. Systemic steroids are effective in treating lid involvement of sarcoidosis. The management of sarcoidosis requires a multidisciplinary approach between the physician, dermatologist, and ophthalmologist.
Retinoblastoma in a Referral Center in Nigeria
Authors: Ademola-Popoola Dupe S. , Yusuf Ibrahim A. , Obajolowo Tokunbo S. , Akinremi Sikirat O. , Gobeh A.S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground:Improvement in survival from retinoblastoma (RB) improved to about 98% in developed countries because of early presentation and prompt intervention at designated RB care center, whereas in low-resourced countries, late presentations and poor survival are not unusual. This study reviews the changing pattern of presentations over a 7-year period when various efforts were deployed to improve early presentation and intervention in a low-resourced setting.Materials and methods:Data were extracted from RB clerk sheets that were used for documentation of clinical records of patients with RB managed at a single tertiary referral center for RB in Nigeria between 2013 and 2019. The data were analyzed for changing trend of clinical presentation and lag time. Ethical approval was obtained from the institution.Results:Two hundred and twenty-two eyes of 148 children were reviewed. There were 79 males and 69 (46.6%) females, and male to female ratio was 1.14:1. There were 74 (50%) unilateral, 72 (48.6%) bilateral, and 2 (1.4%) trilateral cases.Discussion:Overall, 66 (44.6%) and 82 (55.4%), patients had shown symptoms by 6 months and 1 year, respectively, whereas only 39 (25.7%) had presented by 1 year. Early disease stage presenting as leukocoria increased from 22.2% to 85.7%, whereas late presentation as proptosis declined from 55.5% to 10.7% between 2013 and 2019. Some cases were identified during vision screening performed by community health workers during routine immunization at primary healthcare clinics. At presentation, 188 (84.7%) RB eyes were intraocular, 32 (14.4%) orbital, and 2 (0.9%) had systemic spread. The median of the lag-time (delay) between when symptom was noticed to presentation reduced gradually each year by 1 month, from a median of 9 months in 2013 to 4 months in 2018.Conclusions:In Nigeria, early presentation as leukocoria increased, whereas late presentation as proptosis and lag time in RB reduced significantly from year 2013 to 2019 which was supported by deliberate efforts to educate the public and institute training across all levels of health care. In low-resourced country like ours, achieving early presentation of RB cases would increase the survival of affected children.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Postgraduate Ophthalmology Training Program in Nigeria
Authors: Sarimiye Tarela F. , Monye Henrietta , Olawoye Olusola , Hughes Sowunmi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground:The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a challenging and an unprecedented pandemic in the 21st century. This pandemic affects almost all aspects of human life including the medical field.Methods:This was a cross-sectional, descriptive multicenter survey of resident doctors in ophthalmology training programs in Nigeria. An anonymous web survey was created on Google form and circulated to ophthalmology residents in Nigeria using electronic communication tools between April and July 2020.Results:Seventy-two ophthalmology residents in 25 residency training institutions across five geopolitical zones of the country participated in the online survey. There was a significant decrease in the number of patients attended to in the clinic per week by respondents, time spent in consulting per patient, number of unit admissions per week, frequency of eye camps and outreaches per month, and number of surgeries performed by the unit per month (P = 0.000) in the COVID era compare to the pre-COVID era. Two-thirds of respondents felt their posting schedules had been affected at least to a moderate extent, this in turn affected their eligibility for examinations. Three-quarters of the respondents also felt that the pandemic had negatively affected trainer–trainee and mentor–mentee relations in terms of knowledge transfer. Respondents recommended a greater focus on online learning.Conclusion:In this survey, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to negatively impact ophthalmology residency training. A need for a paradigm shift in training may be the way forward.
Factors Associated with Dropout from Community Mental Health Clinic in Chandigarh during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sidana Ajeet , Agrawal Abhinav , Kaur Jaswinder 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Dropout of patients with mental illness is high. There is inadequate research on dropout of patient with mental illness from community mental health clinics.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess the dropout rate from three community mental health clinics and evaluate factors associated with dropout in relation to the patient, caregivers, community clinics, and COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
Patients aged 18 years and above registered in community outreach clinics (COC) from March 24, 2018, to March 23, 2020, i.e., before the lockdown, for treatment of mental illnesses including substance use disorders (SUDs) were included in the study. Responses on factors associated with dropout were collected on predesigned questionnaire telephonically after resumption of regular clinics.

Results:
A total of 5450 patients were registered at COCs. Neurotic and anxiety disorders, SUDs, and bipolar affective disorders were the common diagnoses. The dropout rate was 21%. Sixteen percent of patients did not perceive the need to continue treatment against 84% who felt the need for treatment. However, 87% already felt improvement with treatment. Thirty percent of patients were concerned about side effects of medicine and 52% expressed difficulty to purchase medicines from market, in case of nonavailability of free medicines. Forty-nine percent of patients reported fear of contracting COVID-19 infection as the reason for dropout postlockdown.

Conclusion:
Fear of contracting COVID-19, compulsory testing, and quarantine was the reasons for dropout attributable to the pandemic. Patients-related and medication-related factors were other major reasons for dropout.
Level of Care Determination
Authors: Janssens Astrid , Dongen Thirsa Van , Glazemakers Inge , Uvin Kathy , Pumariega Andres Julio , Deboutte Dirk 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Child and Adolescent Service Intensity Instrument (CASII) is a tool to determine the appropriate level of care placement for a child or adolescent. The CASII links a clinical assessment of the child and its environment with standardized levels of care using a detailed algorithm. It can be used for children aged 6–18 years with psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders, or developmental disorders. This study reports on the translation of the instrument into Dutch and tests of its validity and reliability using both case vignettes and real-life cases seen within the Belgian mental health and child welfare systems.

Methods:
Reliability testing of the CASII was conducted based on both standard vignettes and live cases. To test the validity, the CASII was compared to the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Trained professionals with various education and active in different sectors completed the CASII.

Results:
Using case vignettes, the intraclass correlation coefficients for the different dimensions ranged from 0.29 to 0.79. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for placement recommendations was excellent (0.74). The ICCs for the subscale ratings for the live cases ranged from 0.40 to 0.90. The CASII showed good validity when compared to the CGAS (correlations ranging between 0.47 and 0.82). When compared to the SDQ, the CASII correlated low to moderate with the total difficulties score (0.05–0.37) but correlated slightly higher with the impact score (0.25–0.35).

Conclusions:
The data confirm the usefulness of the CASII among different service providers of different sectors with a broad range of clinical experience and professional training. The findings extend and partially replicate other findings and suggest reasonable but not unequivocal validity and reliability across linguistically and culturally different contexts.
Impact of Rural-Urban Immigration on Substance Use in a Sample of Turkish Youth
Authors: Yilmaz Hatice Burakgazi , Prajapati Parna , Dalkilic Alican , Unlu Ali , Rahmani Mariam , Pumariega Andres 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
This study examines the data from a large survey of youth in metropolitan Istanbul to examine the generation status in rural-urban immigration and its relationship of substance use/alcohol use in a high school (HS) setting.

Methods:
The study data were collected by the Istanbul Department of Education on 31,604 HS students which were a survey of 66 questions administered in the school setting. Immigration statuses of the students and their parents were categorized, and it was compared with the type of substance use. Odds ratios were calculated by using the participants from rural area as the reference category.

Results:
A total of 31,272 participants, 14,477 (46.6%) male and 16,581 (53.4%) females between the ages of 13 and 21 years constituted the final sample size for this study. Out of the total number of participants included in analyses (24,974), 18% had all family members from Istanbul, 16% had at least one family member from outside of Istanbul, 44% had majority of family members from outside of Istanbul, and 21% were from outside of Istanbul. About 15% of participants from Istanbul reported using tobacco, whereas those from outside of the city reported about 12%. Twenty-seven percent of participants from Istanbul reported using alcohol as compared to 18% in participants from outside of Istanbul. The combined category usage (alcohol and any substance use) was found in 33.7% in participants from Istanbul and 24% in participants from outside of the city.

Conclusion:
Rural background may play a protective role in substance and alcohol use in Turkish adolescents and young adults. In Istanbul, nonimmigrant individuals are more likely to use any type of illicit substance, or combination of illicit substances and alcohol as compared to immigrant individuals.
Poverty, Homelessness, Hunger in Children, and Adolescents
Authors: Pumariega Andres Julio , Gogineni Rama Rao , Benton Tami 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Poverty, hunger, and homelessness have been shown to be perhaps the greatest adverse biological and social risk factors for mental health problems and disorders worldwide. They also have significant adverse impact on cognitive, psychological, psychosocial, and physical development in children and youth. This article reviews the psychosocial effects of poverty, hunger, and homelessness on children and youth, including their impact on psychopathology and mental health. It also includes recommendations for governmental entities, advocates, and care providers on mitigating their adverse effects.
Inside the Mind of the Adolescent School Shooter
Authors: Rothe Eugenio M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Situations involving active firearm shooters in schools have increased exponentially in recent years, especially in the United States. These events result in death and psychological traumatization, not just to the involved school but also to the surrounding communities and to the rest of the population of the United States and other countries who observe these massacres in the media. This article will review the recent statistics of school shooting incidents in the United States, the psychological profiles of the perpetrators, the pattern of circumstances that contribute to the buildup until the point the act if committed, the effectiveness of the responses by authorities, the possible risk factors and precipitating factors for these attacks, the psychological sequelae to individuals, families, and the communities, and the evidence-based preventive interventions.
Beyond Shared Care in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Authors: Di Nicola Vincenzo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Based in the multicultural context of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, this article reviews shared care and collaborative care models which privilege consultations between primary and specialty care in children's mental health. An overview of Canada's two largest child psychiatric epidemiological studies outlines the nonclinical community prevalence in Ontario (18.5%) and Quebec (15%) of children's mental health problems along with salient family and community risk factors. Given the high prevalence of children's mental health problems and the burden of care undertaken by primary care practitioners, the interface between the first line of care and mental health services is crucial yet often characterized by poor communication, a lack of mutual comprehension, and limited collaboration. Collaborative mental health care has been defined as “a family physician or other primary care provider working together with a psychiatrist or other mental health worker in a mutually supportive partnership.” This definition is extended to describe a spectrum of partnerships in child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP): shared care, collaborative care, and related collaborative community practices. The author's experience with these models is presented with an overview of a pilot study on CAP shared care in Montreal. Two other recent trends in Quebec are explored: an innovation called “Medical Specialists Responding in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry” for community mental health-care teams and the pair aidant or “peer helper” model reaching out to patients and families with a member who suffers from mental health problem to serve as a helper, a model, and part of the support network.
Mental Health Disparities of Ukrainian Children Exposed to War
Authors: Mihajlovic Aida , Segalite Lara , Lawler Allison 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Although there has been a lot of research focused on the effect of war on child refugees, along with those impacted directly, there are no recent studies comparing these two groups side-by-side. In this paper, we review psychiatric comorbidities associated with children (defined as 17-year-olds and younger) exposed to war, with an additional emphasis on approaches to treatment. In addition, we aim to understand these children's thoughts and insights into their situation(s). We will do so by presenting narratives given by close relatives of (1) two children currently in Ukraine in the midst of the war, (2) another young Ukrainian child war refugee who was able to recently leave the country, and (3) an adult and his experiences of being a war refugee and then resettling in the United States as a child. We never know when or where a war will begin. It is important that we have mental health professionals that can help children through the current and unexpected adversities that arise with war and displacement. These children need assistance with their uncertainties about the future and the risk of disruption of peace or comfort. Moreover, mental health disparities are substantial amongst children exposed to the traumas associated with war, and treatment is limited. We share this research to encourage mental health professionals to seek understanding of the impact the current war is having on Ukrainian youth. It is our hope that, with presenting these narrative accounts, mental health providers will gain a deeper understanding of what these children are encountering and will become prepared to support them and their mental health.
Children Orphaned Due to COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cagande Consuelo , Marwaha Raman , Rahmani Mariam , Gogineni Rama Rao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A worldwide spread of children orphaned due to COVID-19 was another tragedy many families and communities faced. Between March 2020 and October 2021, 5·0 million COVID-19 deaths had occurred worldwide, and roughly 5·2 million children had lost a parent or caregiver due to COVID-19-associated death. However, the great orphaning was not affecting all demographic groups equally, with different racial and ethnic groups experiencing different levels of mortality. This study further discusses the impact of the pandemic on transnational orphans in the U.S., society, development, and emotions. In addition, there were lessons learned from prior global pandemics such as the Spanish Influenza of 1918 and the HIV pandemic that left children orphaned. Therefore, there were strategies to help mitigate the impact on children orphaned due to a pandemic. They include engaging the community, developing and improving evidence-based programs, and providing a safe environment as well as protective and mental health services and trauma-informed care for children worldwide. Lessons from the past should drive the advocacy for such programs and hope for the future.