bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio-inspired Sky Polarized Orientation based on the atmospheric polarization symmetry mode and Inertial Sensors
Authors: Chen Zhihe , Teng Lianwei , Zhou Wenzhou , He Xiaofeng , Fan Chen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a sky polarized orientation method based on the symmetry of the atmospheric polarization mode and the inertial sensors. Firstly, a method of extracting solar meridians based on canny operator and Hough Transform is proposed by using the symmetry of atmospheric polarization pattern. Then using the horizontal Angle information of the inertial sensor and the ephemeris information of the sun, a method for solving the yaw Angle of the polarized light is designed. Finally, a single axis rotation experiment and a vehicle-mounted dynamic experiment are carried out to verify and compare the proposed method. Compared with the least square method, the positioning accuracy of the single-axis turntable experiment is improved by 22.61%~73.86%, and that of the vehicle-mounted dynamic experiment is improved by 47.71%, which shows that the method can provide a new orientation means for unmanned vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles.
Design and development of a hepatic lyo-dECM powder as a biomimetic component for 3D-printable hybrid hydrogels
Authors: Di Gravina Giulia M , Bari Elia , Croce Stefania , Scocozza Franca , Pisani Silvia , Conti Bice , Avanzini Maria A , Auricchio Ferdinando , Cobianchi Lorenzo , Torre Maria Luisa , Conti Michele 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bioprinting offers new opportunities to obtain reliable 3D in vitro models of the liver for testing new drugs and studying pathophysiological mechanisms, thanks to its main feature in controlling the spatial deposition of cell-laden hydrogels. In this context, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based hydrogels have caught more and more attention over the last years because of their characteristic to closely mimic the tissue-specific microenvironment from a biological point of view. In this work, we describe a new concept of designing dECM-based hydrogels; in particular, we set up an alternative and more practical protocol to develop a hepatic lyophilized dECM (lyo-dECM) powder as an ‘off-the-shelf’ and free soluble product to be incorporated as a biomimetic component in the design of 3D-printable hybrid hydrogels. To this aim, the powder was first characterized in terms of cytocompatibility on human and porcine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the optimal powder concentration (i.e. 3.75 mg ml−1) to use in the hydrogel formulation was identified. Moreover, its non-immunogenicity and capacity to reactivate the elastase enzyme potency was proved. Afterward, as a proof-of-concept, the powder was added to a sodium alginate/gelatin blend, and the so-defined multi-component hydrogel was studied from a rheological point of view, demonstrating that adding the lyo-dECM powder at the selected concentration did not alter the viscoelastic properties of the original material. Then, a printing assessment was performed with the support of computational simulations, which were useful to define a priori the hydrogel printing parameters as window of printability and its post-printing mechanical collapse. Finally, the proposed multi-component hydrogel was bioprinted with cells inside, and its post-printing cell viability for up to 7 d was successfully demonstrated.
Historical evaluation and future projections of compound heatwave and drought extremes over the conterminous United States in CMIP6
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Authors: Rastogi Deeksha , Trok Jared , Depsky Nicholas , Monier Erwan , Jones Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Independently, both droughts and heatwaves can induce severe impacts on human and natural systems. However, when these two climate extremes occur concurrently in a given region, their compound impacts are often more pronounced. With the improvement in both the spatiotemporal resolution and representation of complex climate processes in the global climate models (GCMs), they are increasingly used to study future changes in these extremes and associated regional impacts. However, GCM selection for such impact assessments is generally based on historical performance and/or future mean changes, without considering individual or compound extremes. In contrast, this study evaluates historical performance and projected changes in heatwaves, droughts, and compound heatwave-droughts using an ensemble of GCMs from the latest Phase 6 of Coupled Models Intercomparison Project at a regional scale across the conterminous United States. Additionally, we explore the inter-model differences in the projected changes that are associated with various characteristics of extremes and the choice of drought indices. Our analysis reveals considerable variation among the GCMs, as well as substantial differences in the projected changes based on the choice of drought indices and region of interest. For example, the projected increases in both the frequency and intensity of drought and associated compound extreme days, based on the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index far exceed those derived from the standard precipitation index. Further, the largest changes in the frequency of compound extremes are projected over the Southwest, South Central, and parts of the Southeast while the smallest changes are projected over the Northeast. Overall, this study provides important insights for the interpretation and selection of GCMs for future assessment studies that are crucial for the development of regional adaptation strategies in the face of climate change.
Experimental study of core MHD behavior and a novel algorithm for rational surface detection based on profile reflectometry in EAST
Authors: YE 叶 Kaixuan 凯萱 , ZHOU 周 Zhen 振 , ZHANG 张 Tao 涛 , MA 马 Jiuyang 九阳 , WANG 王 Yumin 嵎民 , LI 李 Gongshun 恭顺 , GENG 耿 Kangning 康宁 , WU 吴 Mingfu 茗甫 , WEN 文 Fei 斐 , HUANG 黄 Jia 佳 , ZHANG 张 Yang 洋 , SHAO 邵 Linming 林明 , YANG 杨 Shuqi 书琪 , ZHONG 钟 Fubin 富彬 , GAO 高 Shanlu 善露 , YU 喻 Lin 琳 , ZHOU 周 Ziqiang 子强 , XIANG 向 Haoming 皓明 , HAN 韩 Xiang 翔 , ZHANG 张 Shoubiao 寿彪 , LI 李 Guoqiang 国强 , GAO 高 Xiang 翔 , Team the EAST 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Microwave reflectometry is a powerful diagnostic that can measure the density profile and localized turbulence with high spatial and temporal resolution and will be used in ITER, so understanding the influence of plasma perturbations on the reflect signal is important. The characteristics of the reflect signal from profile reflectometry, the time-of-flight (TOF) signal associated with the MHD instabilities, are investigated in EAST. Using a 1D full-wave simulation code by the Finite-DifferenceTime-Domain (FDTD) method, it is well validated that the local density flattening could induce the discontinuity of the simulated TOF signal and an obvious change of reflect amplitude. Experimental TOF signals under different types of MHD instabilities (sawtooth, sawtooth precursors and tearing mode) are studied in detail and show agreement with the simulation. Two new improved algorithms for detecting and localizing the radial positions of the low-order rational surface, the cross-correlation and gradient threshold (CGT) method and the 2D convolutional neural network approach (CNN) are presented for the first time. It is concluded that TOF signal analysis from profile reflectometry can provide a straightforward and localized measurement of the plasma perturbation from the edge to the core simultaneously and may be a complement or correction to the q-profile control, which will be beneficial for the advanced tokamak operation.
The effect of top-down attention on empathy fatigue
Authors: Shao Min , Li Lingxiao , Li Xiong , Wei Zilong , Wang Junyao , Hong Mingyu , Liu Xiaocui , Meng Jing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProlonged exposure to others’ suffering can lead to empathy fatigue, especially when individuals struggle to effectively regulate their empathic capacity. Shifting active attention away from emotional components toward cognitive components of others’ suffering is an effective strategy for mitigating empathy fatigue. This research investigated how top-down attentional manipulation modulates empathy fatigue in both auditory (Study 1) and visual (Study 2) modalities. Participants completed two tasks in both studies: (i) the attention to cognitive empathy task (A-C task) and (ii) the attention to emotional empathy task (A-E task). Each task included three blocks (Time Block 1, Time Block 2, and Time Block 3) designed to induce empathy fatigue. Study 1 revealed that the A-C task reduced empathy fatigue and N1 amplitudes than the A-E task in Time Block 3, indicating that attention to cognitive empathy might decrease auditory empathy fatigue. Study 2 indicates that the A-C task caused a longer N2 latency than the A-E task, signifying a decelerated emotional empathic response when attention was on cognitive empathy in the visual modality. Overall, prioritizing cognitive empathy seems to conserve mental resources and reduce empathy fatigue. This research documented the relationship between top-down attention and empathy fatigue and the possible neural mechanism.
Human Capital and Financial Development: Firm-Level Interactions and Macroeconomic Implications
Authors: Allub Lian , Gomes Pedro , Kuehn Zoë 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Capital-skill complementarity in production implies non-trivial interactions between the availability of human capital and financial constraints. Firms that are constrained in their access to finance hire a lower proportion of skilled workers than do unconstrained firms. Conversely, a lack of human capital increases skilled wages, reducing firms’ desired capital intensity and thus loosening firms’ effective financial constraints. To assess the macroeconomic implications of such firm-level interactions, we build an occupational-choice model with capital-skill complementarity in production, which we calibrate to US data. We vary financial frictions, educational attainment and total factor productivity across countries, and we quantify how aggregate output, wage inequality and entrepreneurship are affected by financial market liberalizations and increases in educational attainment. For aggregate output, the joint effect of both factors is, on average, 30% larger than the sum of the individual effects. Taking the educational attainment of the population as given, in countries with a negligible share of tertiary-educated workers and low total factor productivity, financial development has only small effects on aggregate output.
The activator protein-1 complex governs a vascular degenerative transcriptional programme in smooth muscle cells to trigger aortic dissection and rupture
Authors: Luo Yongting , Luo Junjie , An Peng , Zhao Yuanfei , Zhao Wenting , Fang Zhou , Xia Yi , Zhu Lin , Xu Teng , Zhang Xu , Zhou Shuaishuai , Yang Mingyan , Li Jiayao , Zhu Junming , Liu Yongmin , Li Haiyang , Gong Ming , Liu Yuyong , Han Jie , Guo Huiyuan , Zhang Hongjia , Jiang Wenjian , Ren Fazheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Stanford type A aortic dissection (AD) is a degenerative aortic remodelling disease marked by an exceedingly high mortality without effective pharmacologic therapies. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) lining tunica media adopt a range of states, and their transformation from contractile to synthetic phenotypes fundamentally triggers AD. However, the underlying pathomechanisms governing this population shift and subsequent AD, particularly at distinct disease temporal stages, remain elusive.

Methods
Ascending aortas from nine patients undergoing ascending aorta replacement and five individuals undergoing heart transplantation were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing. The pathogenic targets governing the phenotypic switch of SMCs were identified by trajectory inference, functional scoring, single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering, regulon, and interactome analyses and confirmed using human ascending aortas, primary SMCs, and a β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate–induced AD model.

Results
The transcriptional profiles of 93 397 cells revealed a dynamic temporal-specific phenotypic transition and marked elevation of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex, actively enabling synthetic SMC expansion. Mechanistically, tumour necrosis factor signalling enhanced AP-1 transcriptional activity by dampening mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Targeting this axis with the OXPHOS enhancer coenzyme Q10 or AP-1-specific inhibitor T-5224 impedes phenotypic transition and aortic degeneration while improving survival by 42.88% (58.3%–83.3% for coenzyme Q10 treatment), 150.15% (33.3%–83.3% for 2-week T-5224), and 175.38% (33.3%–91.7% for 3-week T-5224) in the β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate–induced AD model.

Conclusions
This cross-sectional compendium of cellular atlas of human ascending aortas during AD progression provides previously unappreciated insights into a transcriptional programme permitting aortic degeneration, highlighting a translational proof of concept for an anti-remodelling intervention as an attractive strategy to manage temporal-specific AD by modulating the tumour necrosis factor–OXPHOS–AP-1 axis.
Association between electronic nicotine delivery systems use and risk of stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies with 822,162 participants
Authors: Awad K , Mohammed M , Banach M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Yet, its association with risk of stroke is still uncertain and not well-established.

Purpose
To synthesize more conclusive evidence about the association between ENDS use and risk of stroke through a systematic review and meta-analysis of available observational studies.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception until February 20, 2023, to identify observational studies (either cross sectional, cohort, or case-control studies) that assessed the association of ENDS use with risk of stroke compared with non-users. Adjusted risk estimates of stroke form each relevant study were extracted and pooled as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) under the random-effects meta-analysis model. We also performed a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis to evaluate the robustness of the combined result. The I2 statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity.

Results
Six studies (four cross-sectional and two prospective cohort studies) with a total of 822,162 participants (ENDS users=38,539 and non-users=783,623) matched our criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The analysis revealed that ENDS use was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of stroke (OR: 1.48 [95% CI: 1.07 to 2.05]; I2: 82%; Figure 1A) compared with non-users. This result was sensitive (i.e., became statistically insignificant) to the removal of one study by Bricknell and co-authors l (OR: 1.44 [95% CI: 0.96 to 2.18]; I2: 85%; Figure 1B).

Conclusion
The usage of ENDS appears to be associated with a greater risk of stroke when compared with a lack of use. Further well-designed longitudinal investigations are needed to validate these findings and investigate the potential mechanisms implicated with this association.
Figure 1: (A) results of meta-analysis of the included studies that assessed the association of ENDS use with risk of stroke (B) results of the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis.
Long-term clinical outcomes of EVAR within IFU compared to outside IFU
Authors: Lee J P , Jang A Y , Won Y S , Yang T I , Kim J H , Shin Y H , Ahn C M , Ko Y G , Choi D H , Kang W C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has been used worldwide to treat abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Outcomes after EVAR between within instruction for use (IFU) and outside IFU are still controversial. We analyzed long term outcomes of EVAR within IFU compared to EVAR outside IFU and baseline clinical/anatomical characteristics that influence outcomes of EVAR.

Methods
We collected data from 766 patients (mean age 71.0 ± 12.5 years, male 90.2%) who underwent EVAR for infrarenal AAA between August 1997 and July 2021 at two centers in Korea. The primary endpoint was aneurysm related mortality (ARM) during follow up. The secondary outcomes were endoleak, reintervention and aneurysm sac enlargement.

Results
The mean AAA diameter is 59.0 ± 12.2 mm. The proportion of patients underwent EVAR outside IFU was 62.7% (n=466). Neck angle &gt; 60 degree was the most common outside IFU criterion (n=210, 27.4%). The median clinical and imaging follow-up duration was 36.5 and 51.0 months, respectively. Total 110 patients (14.8%) had complications during follow up. The outside IFU group had more complications compare to the within IFU group (p=0.033). Overall mortality rate was 8.8% (n=60). ARM occurred in 0% of patients with EVAR within IFU and in 7 (1.5%) of patients with EVAR outside IFU (p=0.041), respectively. There was no significant difference in incidence of endoleak (28.5 vs. 23.1%, p=0.173), reintervention rate (8.4 vs. 9.3%, p=0.688) and aneurysm sac enlargement (23.6 vs. 23.4%, p=0.957) between patients underwent EVAR within IFU and outside IFU group. In multivariate analysis, proximal neck diameter &gt; 28 mm was independent risk factor for ARM (HR, 9.132; 95% CI, 1.684 – 49.516, P=0.010). In addition, proximal neck angle &gt; 60 degree was independent risk factor for endoleak (HR, 1.553; 95% CI, 1.042 – 2.314, P=0.031) and reintervention (HR, 2.297; 95% CI, 1.333 – 3.955, P=0.003). Neck length &lt; 10 mm and neck diameter &gt;28 mm were risk factors for aneurysm sac enlargement (HR, 4.363; 95% CI, 1.252 – 15.211, P=0.021 and HR, 3.148; 95% CI, 1.261 – 7.859, P=0.014). Age over 75 was also a risk factor for endoleak (HR, 2.491; 95% CI, 1.666 – 3.726, P=0.000) and aneurysm sac enlargement (HR, 3.150; 95% CI, 1.536 – 6.458, P=0.002).

Conclusions
Our study showed EVAR outside IFU is associated higher ARM compared to EVAR within IFU. In addition, neck angulation was risk factor for endoleak and reintervention. Clinicians should be caution when they perform EVAR outside IFU and select optimal patient for successful EVAR.
LIGHT/TNFSF14 levels in carotid atherosclerotic plaques are associated with symptomatic cerebrovascular disease
Authors: Shami A , Edsfeldt A , Nilsson J , Goncalves I 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Plaque rupture is the underlying cause of most cardiovascular events, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Co-stimulatory molecules, the immune checkpoints, are emerging as strong candidates to battle atherosclerosis progression. The co-stimulatory molecule LIGHT (tumour necrosis factor 14; TNFSF14) exists in foam cell-rich regions of atherosclerotic plaques, but whether it has a driving role in promoting a high-risk plaque phenotype is not known.

Purpose
This study investigates the association between intra-plaque LIGHT and plaque vulnerability.

Methods
Plaque levels of LIGHT/TNFSF14 were measured in homogenised carotid endarterectomy plaques by Proximity Extension Assay (PEA) in subjects from the Carotid Plaque Imaging Cohort (CPIP; N=201). Homogenates were further examined by multi-plex cytokine analysis and ELISA, and tissue plaque sections through histology/immunohistochemistry.

Results
Plaque levels of LIGHT were associated with the occurrence of pre-operative cerebrovascular symptoms (p=0.00014). Furthermore, LIGHT correlated strongly with the histological plaque vulnerability index (p=5x10-15): a ratio between the sum of destabilising versus stabilising plaque components (i.e. macrophages, intra-plaque haemorrhage and lipids versus smooth muscle cells and collagen) as well as with necrotic core size and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)-2, CCL4 and CCL5. Moreover, plaque LIGHT levels correlated with several components of the extracellular matrix turnover machinery, including cleaved collagen, the collagen cross-linking proteoglycans fibromodulin and lumican, the matricellular protein COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein), and the remodelling regulator ADAMTS7 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-7). Levels also correlated with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 2, 9 and 10, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1.

Conclusion
Expression of LIGHT in atherosclerotic plaques does not only correlate with markers of plaque destabilisation¸ but is also significantly elevated in plaques from symptomatic, compared to asymptomatic, patients. These results connect LIGHT content to a rupture-prone plaque phenotype and suggest the LIGHT signalling pathway as a potential therapeutic target to promote atherosclerotic plaque stability.
Intracoronary imaging of complex coronary artery lesions: A lesion-level analysis from SCAAR simulating the IMPROVE trial
Authors: Von Koch S , Koul S , Olivecrona G , Waksman R , Mohammad M , Erlinge D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are two intracoronary imaging modalities which can be used to optimize stent implantation and expansion. The IMPROVE trial is an ongoing randomized study investigating the impact of IVUS on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of complex lesions. We conducted a nationwide retrospective observational study simulating the IMPROVE trial.

Purpose
The aim of this study is to determine whether intracoronary imaging is associated with improved outcome after PCI of complex lesions.

Methods
Using the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty registry (SCAAR) we identified complex lesions undergoing PCI between 1 January 2016 and 15 January 2022. Complex lesions were defined as (1) in-stent restenosis, (2) chronic total occlusions, (3) bifurcations and (4) lesions stented with a ≥ 28 mm stent. Lesions were stratified into two groups according to use of intracoronary imaging or not. The groups underwent propensity score (PS) matching to balance baseline demographics. Outcome was assessed with univariable cox regression models and Kaplan Meier estimates. The primary endpoint was target lesion revascularization (TLR) within 2-years assessed on lesion level where each patient could contribute with more than one lesion. Secondary endpoint included all-cause mortality analyzed on patient level.

Results
After PS-matching, two groups with 9,404 lesions each were formed. Baseline characteristics after PS matching did not show any significant demographic differences. The intracoronary imaging group contributed more often with more than one lesion. Intracoronary imaging was associated with significantly lower rates of TLR (hazard ratio (HR): 0.80 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67-0.94), p=0.008) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.69 (95% CI 0.61-0.78), p&lt;0.001).

Conclusion
In this study on complex lesions undergoing PCI, the use of intracoronary imaging was associated with an improved outcome. These results encourage intracoronary imaging when assessing complex lesions.Baseline characteristicsOutcome