bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interannual to Interdecadal Variability in the Japan Sea Based on a New Gridded Upper Water Temperature Dataset
Authors: Minobe Shoshiro , Sako Akinori , Nakamura Makoto 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
A new gridded water temperature dataset of upper 400-m depths (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 m) for the Japan Sea (or East Sea) is produced by using an optimal interpolation technique from 1930 to 1996, based on oceanographic observations collected in the World Ocean Database 1998. The temperature data are analyzed by a complex empirical orthogonal function (CEOF) with six levels combined using the data for a period from 1957 to 1996, during which most of gridded data are available. Before calculating the CEOFs, low-pass or high-pass filters (cutoff period at 7 yr) are applied to separate interannual and decadal temperature changes, respectively. One interannual and two decadal CEOF modes are identified. The interannual first CEOF mode is characterized by the energetic variability around and south of the subpolar front in the western Japan Sea, accompanied by northward and northeastward phase propagations emanating from the Tsushima Strait. The decadal first CEOF mode exhibits a broad structure prevailing over the whole Japan Sea, but large amplitudes are trapped by the subpolar front, with 60°–90° phase lags between the northeastern and southwestern Japan Sea. The decadal second CEOF mode has a localized structure with strong correlations in the Yamato Basin. The relation between the atmosphere and ocean is analyzed by a correlation analysis of wintertime sea level pressures (SLPs) onto the temporal coefficients of the CEOF modes. The interannual first CEOF mode is accompanied by the SLP anomalies over the western North Pacific Ocean with steep SLP gradients over the Japan Sea, suggesting that this mode is forced by local wind anomalies associated with the SLP changes over the western North Pacific. The decadal first CEOF mode is likely to be caused by changes of the east Asian winter monsoon due to the SLP variability of the northern part of the Siberian high, which is closely associated with the decadal fluctuations of the Arctic Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation. The second decadal CEOF mode is accompanied by high SLP correlations over the central North Pacific associated with strength changes of Aleutian lows, suggestive of remote forcing from the central North Pacific.
Sea-Ice Drift on the Northeastern Shelf of Sakhalin Island
Authors: Shevchenko Georgy V. , Rabinovich Alexander B. , Thomson Richard E. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
Ice-drift velocity records from coastal radar stations, combined with data from moored current meters and coastal wind stations, are used to examine sea-ice motion off the northeastern coast of Sakhalin Island in the Sea of Okhotsk. Ice motion is shown to be governed primarily by diurnal tidal currents and wind-induced drift, which explain 92%–95% of the total ice-drift variance. Diurnal tidal motions predominate off the northern Sakhalin coast, accounting for 65%–80% of the variance, while low-frequency wind-induced motions prevail off the south-central coast, accounting for over 91% of the ice-drift variance. Maximum diurnal tidal ice-drift velocities range from 90–110 cm s−1 on the north coast to 10–15 cm s−1 on the south coast, in good agreement with the barotropic model of Kowalik and Polyakov. The presence of diurnal shelf waves accounts for the strong diurnal currents on the steeply sloping northern Sakhalin shelf, while the absence of such waves explains the weak diurnal currents on the more gently sloping south-central shelf. Using a vector regression model, the authors show that wind-induced ice-drift “response ellipses” (the current velocity response to a unity wind-velocity forcing) are consistent with a predominantly alongshore response to the wind, with wind-induced currents most pronounced off the south-central coast where water depths are relatively shallow. Time–frequency analysis of wind and ice-drift series reveals that, in winter, when sea ice is most extensive and internally cohesive, the ice response is almost entirely aligned with the alongshore component of the wind; in spring, when sea ice is broken and patchy, the ice responds to both the cross- and alongshore components of the wind.
A Lightweight Hydrogel System for Passive Cooling of Solar Cells
Authors: Lapsirivatkul Teerapat , Boon‐in Supissra , Crespy Daniel , Pattanasattayavong Pichaya 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe power conversion efficiency (PCE) of photovoltaics (PVs) or solar cells is significantly affected by the temperature. Under 1‐sun solar irradiance, the PV temperature can reach up to 65–70 °C; consequently, the PCE and power output can be reduced by as much as 18%. Herein, highly efficient PV passive cooling based on thermoresponsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi‐IPNs) containing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), or polyacrylamide (PAM), is demonstrated. Crucially, the measurements of water release ratio and differential thermal analysis (DTA) reveal that the cooling performance of hydrogels not only depends on how much water they absorb but also on how fast they can release water. The DTA experiments allow the quantification of specific cooling power (SCP). The optimal composition of PNIPAM/PAM hydrogels with 15 wt.% PAM shows the largest swelling ratio of 30 and highest SCP of 1.86 W g−1. Employed in the cooling application of silicon PV cells, a large temperature reduction of 23 °C is achieved (from 70 to 47 °C), resulting in a relative increase in PCE by 12.3%. Remarkably, only 5.1 kg m−2 of the hydrogels is required, 90% lower than what is typically required of phase change materials for passive PV cooling.
Streamlined Inkjet‐Printing of Stretchable Organic Photodetectors
Authors: Seiberlich Mervin , Rainer Christian , Skarjan Leon , Ruiz‐Preciado Luis Arturo , Perevedentsev Aleksandr , Xia Kai , Krebsbach Peter , Schlisske Stefan , Lemmer Uli , Hernandez‐Sosa Gerardo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, robotics, and wearable electronics has created new challenges and increased the demand for advanced sensing technologies. These sensors must not only exhibit tailored performance but also offer new properties like stretchability and flexibility while being compatible with industrial manufacturing. In this work, a streamlined and simplified method is introduced for fabricating stretchable Organic Photodiodes (OPDs) relying solely on industry‐grade inkjet‐printing. It is demonstrated that printed stiff islands effectively decouple strain from the stretched substrate and serve as a chemically resistant and mechanically rigid platform for printed OPDs. Printing difficulties that arose while processing the Ag electrodes on the curved island surfaces are overcome by a two‐step printing process. Finally, the study reports fully printed OPDs exhibiting peak responsivities (λ = 730 nm) of 340 mA W−1 and specific detectivities (D*) of 2.8 · 1011 Jones at 100 Hz, both measured at −2 V. The light sensors remained functional for over 600 mechanical stretching cycles at strains up to 7%.
Comparative Test of Novel Fluorescent Optical Antennas for LED‐ and Laser‐Based Optical Wireless Communications
Authors: Meucci Marco , Aresti Mauro , Cossu Giulio , Gilli Lorenzo , Oliviero Luca , Bartolini Matteo , Pucci Andrea , Ciaramella Ernesto , Catani Jacopo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFluorescent Concentrators (FCs) are set to revolutionize Optical Wireless Communications (OWC), offering significant advantages over traditional receivers, such as large Field of View (FoV) and enhanced optical gain (OG). In this study, three different Optical Antennas are presented and evaluated as OWC receivers, exploiting FCs incorporating different fluorophores. The performances of DQ1 and Lumogen Red 305F (LR305), and a newly synthesized fluorophore (H2) are comparatively tested for solar energy harvesting, never proposed before for OWC. The devices are tested in high bit rate, laser‐based OWC configuration, and for indoor LED‐based Visible Light Communication (VLC) by presenting a realistic indoor VLC transmitter‐receiver (TX‐RX) system embedding high‐power white LEDs as transmitter. The results demonstrate that all the proposed OAs exhibit greater angular stability than traditional detectors, potentially offering greater resilience to misalignment and beam wandering effects, particularly relevant also in Free Space Optical (FSO) configurations. Furthermore, the intrinsic properties of H2 and LR305 make them particularly suited for white‐light VLC applications. Based on a thorough experimental characterization, the work is the first to propose and evaluate in detail the performance of various new OAs, depending on the specific application, highlighting the efficiency of such devices across various OWC fields.
Decoding the High Efficiency of Cs₂SnI₆ Perovskite Solar Cells: A Comprehensive Study Through First‐Principles Calculations and SCAPS Modeling
Authors: Anshul  , Raj Manasvi , Kushwaha Aditya , Goel Neeraj 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCs₂SnI₆ has emerged as a stable and environmentally friendly replacement for lead (Pb)‐based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its air stability, attributed to the Sn⁴⁺ oxidation state, and non‐toxic composition (lead‐free). A key benefit of using Cs₂SnI₆ as an absorber layer is that it enables the elimination of hole transport layers (HTLs) in some device architectures; however, PSCs with HTLs generally outperform those without HTL. Here, the structural, electronic, and optical properties of Cs₂SnI₆ are investigated using first‐principles calculations, and photovoltaic effects by using SCAPS‐1D simulation software. Nine different device configurations have been investigated by combining three electron transport layers (ETLs) with three HTLs to optimize device performance. The impact of HTL thickness, ETL thickness, absorber layer thickness, and operating temperature are studied on the solar cell's efficiency. The optimized PSC demonstrates a fill factor (FF) of 84.683%, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.0%, the short circuit current density JSC of 28.433 mA cm−2, the open circuit voltage VOC of 0.998 V, and a quantum efficiency of 99.866%, with optimal operating conditions at 300 K.
Reaction Pathway Differentiation Enabled Fingerprinting Signal for Single Nucleotide Variant Detection
Authors: Yang Huixiao , Zhang Linghao , Kang Xinmiao , Si Yunpei , Song Ping , Su Xin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAccurate identification of single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) is paramount for disease diagnosis. Despite the facile design of DNA hybridization probes, their limited specificity poses challenges in clinical applications. Here, a differential reaction pathway probe (DRPP) based on a dynamic DNA reaction network is presented. DRPP leverages differences in reaction intermediate concentrations between SNV and WT groups, directing them into distinct reaction pathways. This generates a strong pulse‐like signal for SNV and a weak unidirectional increase signal for wild‐type (WT). Through the application of machine learning to fluorescence kinetic data analysis, the classification of SNV and WT signals is automated with an accuracy of 99.6%, significantly exceeding the 80.7% accuracy of conventional methods. Additionally, sensitivity for variant allele frequency (VAF) is enhanced down to 0.1%, representing a ten‐fold improvement over conventional approaches. DRPP accurately identified D614G and N501Y SNVs in the S gene of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants in patient swab samples with accuracy over 99% (n = 82). It determined the VAF of ovarian cancer‐related mutations KRAS‐G12R, NRAS‐G12C, and BRAF‐V600E in both tissue and blood samples (n = 77), discriminating cancer patients and healthy individuals with significant difference (p < 0.001). The potential integration of DRPP into clinical diagnostics, along with rapid amplification techniques, holds promise for early disease diagnostics and personalized diagnostics.
Evolutionary‐Distinct Viral Proteins Subvert Rice Broad‐Spectrum Antiviral Immunity Mediated by the RAV15‐MYC2 Module
Authors: Zhang Hehong , Huang Chaorui , Gao Chenfei , Yan Wenkai , Song Weiqi , Hu Xiaodi , Li Lulu , Wei Zhongyan , Li Yanjun , Chen Jianping , Sun Zongtao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA variety of plant viruses employ different virulence strategies to achieve successful infection, resulting in abnormal plant development. However, the common pathogenicity of distinct viruses has rarely been studied. Here, it is shown that a plant‐specific RAV‐type transcription factor, OsRAV15, is specifically targeted by several distinct viral proteins for facilitating viral infection. OsRAV15 is found to activate jasmonic acid (JA)‐mediated broad‐spectrum antiviral immunity by physically associating with JA signaling essential components OsMYC2‐OsJAZ complex. To facilitate viral infection, evolutionarily distinct viral proteins encoded by diverse rice viruses generally disrupt the OsRAV15‐OsMYC2 complex to attenuate activation of JA signaling. Together, the results reveal a common counter‐defense strategy used by different viruses to suppress the OsRAV15‐OsMYC2 module that plays a vital role in fine‐tuning JA‐mediated antiviral defense.
Breaking barriers for academic‐industry sabbaticals
Authors: Hartman Ryan L. , Hickman Daniel A. , Palumbo Amanda , Ramesh Narayan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIndustrial sabbaticals provide a unique learning opportunity for both professors and the host company. However, a successful sabbatical requires early alignment regarding objectives followed by careful planning to maximize the value of the experience. We offer this description of our recent experience to give our academic and industrial colleagues practical advice for designing and executing a successful sabbatical in a corporate research setting. Sabbaticals can serve as an additional conduit between academia and industry, and we expect the immersive experience to impact teaching and undergraduate and graduate education broadly.
2025 Clinical Trials Update on Hemophilia, VWD, and Rare Inherited Bleeding Disorders
Authors: Jiang Debbie , Wang Michael , Wheeler Allison P. , Croteau Stacy E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTClinical trial programs for inherited bleeding disorders feature an array of innovative prophylaxis options: engineered clotting factor concentrates, FVIIIa mimetics, gene therapies, and biologics to bolster thrombin generation (rebalancing agents). Increasingly, non‐hemophilia bleeding disorders and a broader demographic (females, children, and infants) are being incorporated into study populations. Ongoing clinical trials broadly address three themes: (1) indication expansion for licensed therapeutics in previously uninvestigated patient subgroups or clinical scenarios, (2) evaluation of efficacy and safety among other bleeding disorders such as von Willebrand disease, platelet function defects, and rare clotting factor deficiencies, and (3) longitudinal assessment of approved treatments particularly with regard to longer‐term efficacy outcomes such as musculoskeletal health and treatment‐specific safety outcomes including thrombotic risk and liver health. With these new prophylaxis modalities, providers must have a nuanced understanding of each therapy's mechanism of action, advantages, side effect profile, therapeutic limitations, and impact on hemostasis and laboratory monitoring. Treatment is no longer “one size fits all.” Rather, management is tailored to individual needs and preferences. Here, we review active investigational trials and highlight promising approaches in preclinical development, expanding the innovative, complex landscape of inherited bleeding disorders therapeutics.
Robust Fully Screen‐Printed Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Synergistic Ostwald Ripening
Authors: Chen Changshun , Guo Chunyu , Yao Qing , Wang Jinpei , Xu Yutian , Wang Dengke , Huang Xiao , Ran Xueqin , Xia Yingdong , Chao Lingfeng , Chen Yonghua 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFully screen‐printed process for low‐cost manufacturing significantly enhances the commercial competitiveness of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the controllable crystallization in screen‐printed perovskite thin films using high‐viscosity ionic liquids has been suggested to be difficult, which hampers further development of fully screen‐printed perovskite devices in terms of application expansion and performance improvement. Here, we report a synergistic ripening strategy to fully control crystallization by employing methylamine propionate (MAPa) ionic liquid and water (H2O, moisture in the air). We found that a reversible and sustainable ripening process was activated by integrating MAPa/H2O in both externally and internally into perovskite crystals. MAPa effectively prevents the loss of organic salts and maintains the dispersion of Pb‐I framework, preventing the perovskite component loss and decomposition. H2O and organic salts trends to form hydration complexes, which lowers the energy barrier and enhances the reactivity of the humidity‐induced Ostwald ripening reaction. These improvements allow the screen‐printed perovskite thin films achieve controlled secondary growth and ion exchange, thereby reducing defects and optimizing energy level alignment. The resulting fully screen‐printed PSCs exhibits a record power conversion efficiency of 19.47 % and an operational stability over 1,000 h with maintaining 91.6 % of the highest efficiency under continuous light stress at maximum power point.
Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Schiff Base Complexes for Chemiluminogenic Bioprobes
Authors: Zhu Jing‐Hui , He Xin , Wu Yingnan , Huang Haiqiao , Yang Dekai , Li Jianyuan , Gu Mingrui , Wang Lei , Li Mingle , Chen Xiaoqiang , Peng Xiaojun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractChemiluminogenic bioimaging has emerged as a promising paradigm due to its independence from light excitation, thereby circumventing challenges related to light penetration depth and background autofluorescence. However, the availability of effective chemiluminophores remains limited, which substantially impedes their bio‐applications. Herein, we discovered for the first time that cyclometalated iridium(III) Schiff base complexes can unexpectedly generate chemiluminescence. Notably, the chemiluminescence reaction was rapid, with a half‐life of only 0.86 s, significantly faster than previously reported examples. Unlike conventional chemiluminescent scaffolds, the distinguishing feature of the chemiluminogenic iridium(III) complex is its unique intramolecular imine‐to‐amide conversion upon reaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Intriguingly, the chemiluminogenicity of these complexes is not influenced by the cyclometalating ligands but is closely associated with the Schiff base ligand, allowing for tuning of the emission colors via altering the cyclometalating ligands. Additionally, we formulated one of the Schiff base complexes (1) as water‐soluble chemiluminogenic nanoparticles (CLNPs) and successfully employed them as activatable chemiluminescence bioprobes for precise and rapid imaging of hypochlorite‐related biological events both in vitro and in vivo. We believe that this significant finding of the development of chemiluminogenic Schiff base complexes will greatly facilitate the designing of innovative chemiluminophores for theranostic applications.
High Heat Resistance and Low Dielectric o‐Cresol Formaldehyde Epoxy Resin Solder Resist Containing Photocurable Small Molecular Compound Based on 3,4‐Epoxycyclohexylmethyl Methacrylate
Authors: Tang Wei , Lian Keyu , Zhang Junhua 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHigh heat resistance and low dielectric constant are the development trend for PCB ink. Generally, higher crosslinking density and rigid molecular structure are beneficial for improving the heat resistance, and low polarity molecules and larger three‐dimensional structure are helpful for reducing dielectric constant. In this work, based on the photocurable small molecular epoxy compound 3,4‐epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate (TTA15), we successively grafted it with acrylic acid (AA) and 1,2,5,6‐tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (THPA), named 15AT. After modification with AA and THPA, two unsaturated double bonds were introduced. In 15AT, containing three double bonds and a cyclohexyl ring, mixed as an auxiliary resin into the main resin EPT‐001 (industrialized o‐cresol formaldehyde epoxy resin grafted with AA and THPA products), it is obviously possible to improve the heat resistance. According to the addition mass of 15AT in total resin, 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% were named EAT, EAT15‐5, EAT15‐10, EAT15‐15, and EAT15‐20, respectively. The results show that the introduction of 15AT increases the Tg value by up to 37.1°C and also has the lowest dielectric constant (2.45), which is 0.29 lower than the original resin EAT, thereby offering a new approach to improving the properties of PCB ink.
Evaluating Anti‐Diabetic Effect of Courmarin Derivative Aesculetin in Rats with Diet‐Induced Obesity
Authors: Wu Bian , Wang Junyu , Sun Guishun , Li Kunlin , Chen Qiyun , Wang Yibo , He Xuan , Li Shiwen , Yang Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObesity, modifiable and an avertable medical condition, has become a global threat due to rapid modernization and industrialization. Swift growth in modernization not only eases the day‐to‐day life, it also mandates sedentary lifestyle, which leads to various noncommunicable diseases. At present one in eight people in global population are obese, and these booming obese individuals are prone to various other micro‐ and macrovascular diseases such hyperglycemia, myocardial infraction, hypertension, stroke, and so forth. Ample research had unveiled an intricate association perceived between obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis. Although the intake of anti‐obesity drugs along with anti‐diabetic drugs had effectively regulated the hyperglycemic conditions in diabetic patients, it causes various side effects on long‐term usage. Coumarins are phytochemicals that have demonstrated pharmacological properties including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐tumor, and so forth. In this analysis, we assessed anti‐obesity and anti‐diabetic potency of aesculetin, a courmarin derivative. The rats were induced obesity with high‐fat diet and subjected to streptozotocin infusion to induce hyperglycemia. Obese diabetic induced rats were treated with aesculetin and assessed for its anti‐diabetic effect. BMI were assessed in the rats to analyze the anti‐obesity effect of aesculetin. Diabetic profile test and lipid profile test were performed to evaluate the anti‐diabetic effect of aesculetin. Ameliorative effect of aesculetin in obese rats during hyperglycemic conditions was assessed with renal profile test, hepatic function biomarkers, and by histopathological analysis of cardiac tissue. The anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant property were also assessed to determine the mechanism of action of aesculetin. To confirm the anti‐obesity potency of aesculetin, adipokines levels were estimated. Aesculetin eminently decreased the BMI, HbA1c, cholesterol levels, and intensified secretion of insulin in obese diabetic rats. It also regulated the renal, hepatic functional markers and prevented cardiac tissue injury in obese diabetic rats. It regulated the adipokines, increased antioxidants, and decreased level of proinflammatory cytokines, thereby prevented obesity‐induced hyperglycemic effects in rats. To conclude, our findings had confirmed the supplementary intake of aesculetin prevents obesity‐induced hyperglycemic disorder in rats.