bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the relationship between affect and social interactions among adults experiencing homelessness differ during moments when at a shelter versus not?
Authors: Gajos Jamie M. , Oliver Jason A. , Hébert Emily T. , Walters Scott T. , Businelle Michael S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of alcohol‐use disorders is higher amongst adults experiencing homelessness (AEH) compared with domiciled adults. Greater exposure to heavy drinkers increases personal risk for heavy alcohol use. AEH spend substantial periods of time at shelters and report greater pressure to use alcohol when near shelter locations, as well as greater negative affect when near a shelter. It is unclear if the relationship between affect and (1) interacting with people and (2) being near someone AEH drank alcohol with before differs when AEH are at a shelter versus not. AEH reporting alcohol misuse (n = 72, Mage = 47, 85% male, 68% non‐White) completed five daily smartphone‐based ecological momentary assessments over 28 days. Generalized multilevel modeling revealed that when AEH were interacting with someone they drank with before, they had significantly lower positive affect when at a shelter (b = −0.17, p = 0.05) versus when not (b = 0.00, p = 0.99). AEH are likely to interact with previous drinking partners while at shelters. It may be important to deliver real‐time treatment messages targeting affect in these moments, as well as deliver alcohol reduction/abstinence messages.
Analyzing entheseal changes in commingled human remains from Mesolithic and Neolithic periods in Portugal
Authors: Mazza Bárbara , Silva Ana María 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe analysis of entheseal changes requires knowing the biological profile of the sample analyzed, given that, mainly, the sex and age of the individuals influence the prevalence and degrees of the entheseal features. However, the bioarcheological record of several past populations presents isolated and commingled human bone remains, which constrains the estimation of such data. In this work, we propose to analyze the entheseal changes with the Coimbra method in a sample composed mainly of commingled human bone remains and, to a lesser extent, of semi‐complete individuals. For this purpose, we analyzed 312 bone elements from the upper and lower limbs of Late Mesolithic (Muge complex) and Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic archeological sites from Portugal. The results support previous information that individuals older than 40 present higher entheseal changes. In addition, body size has a low effect on entheseal changes and bone's biomechanical properties are positively correlated with some entheseal features. Some entheseal traits show higher prevalence during the Mesolithic, but there is mainly an increase in entheseal changes during the Neolithic. Although these differences could be due to different biological profiles between both samples, differences in lifestyle may also have contributed to the results.
Synthesis of core–shell ZnO nanoparticles and their effect on mechanical and antibacterial properties for PLLA/ZnO nanocomposites
Authors: Liu Zhilin , Chen Xunwei , Ling Wei , Wang Meng , Qiu Biwei , Shi Jiangao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo overcome the inherent brittleness of renewable poly(l‐lactide) acid (PLLA) and enable it for use in a wide application, we successfully synthesized the toughening agent of ZnO nanoparticles grafted by poly(caprolactone‐co‐d‐lactide) (ZnO‐g‐PCLDLA) via sequential open‐loop polymerization. First, ZnO was silanized to produce hydroxyl groups on the surface of the nanoparticles. Initiated by hydroxyl groups on the ZnO core, the rubbery PCLDLA composed of caprolactone‐d‐lactide co‐polymeric segments and d‐lactide homo‐polymeric segments was successively polymerized, forming ZnO core–shell nanoparticles. PLLA/ZnO‐g‐PCLDLA nanocomposites were prepared by solution blending. The nanocomposites with 10 wt% ZnO‐g‐PCLDLA exhibited superior ductility, whose elongation at break was about 54 times higher than that of neat PLLA. This considerable increment of toughness was attributed to the rubbery shell of PCLDLA and the enhanced interfacial interaction from the interfacial stereocomplex crystallites, formed by co‐crystallization of the PLLA matrix and d‐lactide homo‐polymeric segments of the PCLDLA shell on ZnO. The PLLA/ZnO‐g‐ PCLDLA nanocomposite films possessed outstanding antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Positive ZnO produces an electrostatic force to interact with the negatively charged membrane of bacteria, thereby damaging the cell membrane and achieving significant antibacterial effects.Highlights
ZnO‐g‐PCLDLA core–shell nanoparticles were constructed by sequential ROP.
The ZnO core provided high rigidity and antimicrobial properties.
The rubbery PCLDLA shell provided high elasticity and ductility.
Interfacial interaction was greatly enhanced by the SC crystallites.
The PLLA nanocomposite films exhibited outstanding antimicrobial activity.
The effects of poly(ethylene glycol) grafting density on the extensional solution flows of high molecular weight polyacrylamide
Authors: Linscott Adam , Zhu Rene , Hong Lauren , Castellanos Madison , Morozova Svetlana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractControlling the extensional rheological properties of solutions is of great interest for a number of applications, such as printing and coatings, as polymeric additives can modify a fluid's droplet size, formation, and breakup. We have measured the extensional flows of polyacrylamide graft poly(ethylene glycol) amine (PAM‐g‐PEGa) solutions as a function of grafting density. PAM‐g‐PEGa is synthesized with grafting densities of 2.5%, 5.5%, 8%, and 30% and extensional flow was analyzed with drop‐on‐substrate rheology. Flow time scales and profiles are then compared to understand the effects of backbone extension from the addition of side chains. At low grafting densities, the viscous friction from the added side chains is comparable to, and in some cases, counteracts the losses in extensibility to the graft polymer's backbone, leading to increases in the relaxation time of the polymer. At higher grafting densities, the extension of the backbone reduces the relaxation time. By characterizing the effects of the graft density architecture on extensional flows, we are able to fine‐tune and control the breakup dynamics of elastic solutions.
Investigation of the cytotoxicity induced by cannabinoids on human ovarian carcinoma cells
Authors: Sooda Kartheek , Allison Simon J. , Javid Farideh A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCannabinoids have been shown to induce anti‐tumor activity in a variety of carcinoma cells such as breast, prostate, and brain. The aim of the present study is to investigate the anti‐tumor activity of cannabinoids, CBD (cannbidiol), and CBG (cannabigerol) in ovarian carcinoma cells sensitive and resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. Sensitive A2780 cells and resistant A2780/CP70 carcinoma cells and non‐carcinoma cells were exposed to varying concentrations of CBD, CBG, carboplatin or CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists, AM251 and AM630, respectively, alone or in combination, at different exposure times and cytotoxicity was measured by MTT assay. The mechanism of action of CBD and CB in inducing cytotoxicity was investigated involving a variety of apoptotic and cell cycle assays. Treatment with CBD and CBG selectively, dose and time dependently reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis. The effect of CBD was stronger than CBG in all cell lines tested. Both CBD and CBG induced stronger cytotoxicity than afforded by carboplatin in resistant cells. The cytotoxicity induced by CBD was not CB1 or CB2 receptor dependent in both carcinoma cells, however, CBG‐induced cytotoxicity may involve CB1 receptor activity in cisplatin‐resistant carcinoma cells. A synergistic effect was observed when cannabinoids at sublethal doses were combined with carboplatin in both carcinoma cells. The apoptotic event may involve loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, Annexin V, caspase 3/7, ROS activities, and cell cycle arrest. Further studies are required to investigate whether these results are translatable in the clinic. Combination therapies with conventional cancer treatments using cannabinoids are suggested.
Changes in mixed ethnicity households and neighbourhood transitions in England and Wales
Authors: Catney Gemma , Ellis Mark , Wright Richard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConventional explanations of neighbourhood ethnic transitions consider what drives differential growth in ethnic group populations without regard to household composition. We enrich these nonhousehold approaches by using consistent Census data on neighbourhoods and households for England and Wales for 2001, 2011 and 2021 to analyse connections between mixed‐ethnicity households and neighbourhood ethnic diversity. We employ a neighbourhood typology of ethnic diversity that identifies neighbourhoods as either low‐ or moderate‐diversity, or high‐diversity, where no single ethnic group is in the majority. We focus particularly on White‐majority and highly diverse neighbourhoods given the dominance of the former in residential spaces in England and Wales, and because they are the principal source of transitions to highly diverse neighbourhoods. Mixed‐ethnicity households have become an increasingly important feature of the ethnic diversification of England and Wales; by 2021, almost 15% of multiperson households were mixed, a growth from 12% in 2011 and 9% in 2001. We find that higher levels of neighbourhood ethnic diversity are associated with higher shares of mixed‐ethnicity households. In high‐diversity neighbourhoods, for example, around 30% of multiperson households (nearly a quarter of a million households) were ethnically mixed in 2021. Levels of household mixing in moderate‐diversity White neighbourhoods were considerably higher than in low‐diversity White neighbourhoods. The same is found for diversifying neighbourhoods. Neighbourhoods that become more ethnically diverse were typically home to higher rates of mixed‐ethnicity households. Stably moderately diverse White neighbourhoods also had a higher proportion of mixed households. Studies of neighbourhood transition that focus on individuals in neighbourhoods may be missing important processes operating in the intimate spaces of the home. Including this intermediate scale of analysis adds to our understanding of neighbourhood ethnic mixing and processes of integration.
Structural evolution and electronic properties of cerium doped germanium anionic nanocluster CeGen− (n = 5–17): Theoretical investigation
Authors: Hao Chenliang , Dong Caixia , Yang Zhaofeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe rare earth element doped germanium cluster represents a fundamental nanomaterial and exhibits potential in next‐generation industrial electronic nanodevices and applied semiconductors. Herein, the cerium‐doped germanium anionic nanocluster CeGen− (n = 5–17) has been comprehensively investigated by the double hybrid density functional theory of mPW2PLYP associated with the unbiased global searching technique of artificial bee colony algorithm. The cluster's growth pattern undergoes three stages: n = 5–9 with the replaced structure, n = 10–15 with the linked structure, and n ≥ 16 forming a Ce‐encapsulated in Ge inner cage motif. The clusters' PES, IR, and Raman spectra were simulated, and their HOMO‐LUMO gap, magnetism, charge transfer, and relative stability were predicted. These theoretical values can serve as a reference for future experiments to some extent. Moreover, the special D2d symmetry cage geometry of CeGe16− leads to a higher stability and preferred energy gap, making it an ideal candidate for further studies on its aromaticity, UV–vis spectra, and chemical bonding characteristics. In summary, CeGe16− has excellent optical activity that can be potentially employed as a building block in the development of optoelectronic functional materials.
Digital development and innovation for environmental sustainability: The role of government support and government intervention
Authors: Guo Qiaozhe , Yao Nengzhi(Chris) , Ouyang Zhe , Wang Yaolei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGreen innovation plays a crucial role in actualizing environmental sustainability. Although digitalization is acknowledged for its significant contribution to environmental sustainability, existing research has yet to delve deeply into the mechanisms and conditions under which digital development can bolster green innovation. Bridging the resource‐based view and institutional theory, this research examined how digital development impacts green innovation via the offering of financial backing for the proliferation of green technologies, termed as green finance. We also explored the moderating roles of institutional forces, that is, government support and government intervention. We base our analysis on data collated from 30 provinces in China spanning the years from 2012 to 2018 and employ fixed‐effect and random‐effect regression models, alongside a series of robustness tests. Our findings propose that green finance plays a pivotal role in mediating the relationship between digital development and green innovation. We further discerned that while government support amplifies the impact of digital development on green finance, government intervention tends to undermine it. These insights present valuable contributions to the domains of digital development research, institutional theory, and innovation for environmental sustainability and carry practical implications for policymakers striving for environmental sustainability.
Green Photocatalytic Degradation of Industrial Effluent using CFN‐800 as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
Authors: Kaur Sharanjeet , Gupta Ankush , Singh Harminder , Jolly Simran , Garg Shelly 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the present study, the synthesis of CFN‐800 photocatalyst (CdFe2O4, nanoparticles calcinated at 800 °C) has been achieved using ACM (auto‐combustion method). The confirmation of the formation of the CFN‐800 photocatalyst was done by using different characterization techniques such as FT‐IR, UV‐Vis, XRD, and SEM. Further, under environmental application, synthesized nanoparticles were utilized for the green photocatalytic degradation of industrial effluent Brilliant Blue FCF (BBF) in aqueous media using sunlight as a natural source of light. The degradation experiment was examined by using a UV‐vis spectrophotometer. Various parameters such as the amount of CFN‐800 photocatalyst (g), the concentration of dye (ppm), the amount of dye (ml), and the pH level (1–11) were analyzed to find the more efficient results in terms of % degradation of BBF dye solution. By experiments, the results found were that the photodegradation of BBF touched to 93 % in 100 min. with 0.010 g of CFN‐800 photocatalyst and 10 ppm dye solution (10 ml) at 5 pH. In addition, the prepared CFN‐800 photocatalyst showed excellent performance in recyclability. Even after recycling for up to four consecutive cycles, no significant decrease in the degrading efficiency of CFN‐800 was observed.
Ratiometric Lanthanide Metal‐Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Smartphone‐Assisted Visual Detection of Food Contaminants and Water: A Review
Authors: Kayani Kawan F. , Mohammad Nian N. , Kader Dana A. , Mohammed Sewara J. , Shukur Dana A. , Alshatteri Azad H. , Al‐Jaf Sabah H. , Abdalkarim Karzan A. , Hassan Hanar Q. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping a reliable portable biosensor is crucial for ensuring food safety and human health. This involves accurately detecting contaminants in food and water at their source. Smartphone cameras have recently become useful for capturing color or fluorescence changes that occur when a probe interacts with specific molecules on paper or in a chemical solution. Ratiometric designs, which self‐calibrate and minimize the impact of environmental changes, are gaining popularity. These designs rely on color changes or fluorescence shifts, which are easily assessable with smartphones. This overview highlights advances in ratiometric optical sensing using Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with lanthanide components coupled with smartphones. These advancements allow contaminants in food and water to be visually identified. The article explains the principles, properties, and applications of color changes for visual detection in food safety. Using lanthanide metal‐organic frameworks with smartphones offers a potent method to detect contaminants, enhancing food safety and safeguarding human health.
A Convenient Synthesis of Some Phenyl‐Substituted Aliyclic β‐Amino Esters and β‐Lactams
Authors: Nonn Melinda , Drahos László , Kiss Loránd 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA convenient synthetic procedure has been developed for the access of phenyl‐substituted alicyclic β‐amino acid derivatives. The substrate‐directed palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of phenylboronic acid with five‐ or six‐membered cycloalkene β‐amino esters and bicyclic β‐lactams in the presence of Selectfluor as oxidant provided phenyl‐substituted alicyclic β‐amino esters and azetidin‐2‐ones. Phenylations were investigated under various experimental conditions with different ligands and solvent systems. The structural architecture of the starting compounds and the position of their ring olefin bond influenced and predetermined the structure of the products.
Solvent‐Free and under Vacuum O‐Benzylation of Carboxylic Acids by Using a Rotary Evaporator
Authors: Chen Yinzhe , Wang Weiding , Qin Haotian , Liu Rui , Zhang Qian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA rapid benzylation of carboxylic acids was achieved under vacuum conditions and assisted by a rotary evaporator using p‐toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst. Unlike the conventional method that utilizes the Dean‐Stark setup, which typically takes several hours or longer, benzylation was completed in 30 minutes without a solvent. Furthermore, this method avoids using BnBr or acyl halide as starting material and generates water as the only byproduct. This protocol is featured by its high yield, high atom economy, fast reaction, broad substrate scope, and easy operation. The rotary evaporator is commonly seen in chemistry labs, and there is great potential for exploring rotavap‐assisted organic synthesis.
C60‐based Multivalent Glycoporphyrins Inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2 Specific Interaction with the DC‐SIGN Transmembrane Receptor
Authors: Patino‐Alonso Jennifer , Cabrera‐González Justo , Merino Javier , Nieto‐Ortiz Gema , Lasala Fátima , Katati Jouma , da Cruz Carlos H. Bezerra , Monnappa Ajay K. , Mateos‐Gil Pablo , Canales Ángeles , López‐Montero Iván , Illescas Beatriz M. , Delgado Rafael , Martín Nazario 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSince WHO has declared the COVID‐19 outbreak a global pandemic, nearly seven million deaths have been reported. This efficient spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is facilitated by the ability of the spike glycoprotein to bind multiple cell membrane receptors. Although ACE2 is identified as the main receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2, other receptors could play a role in viral entry. Among others, C‐type lectins such as DC‐SIGN are identified as efficient trans‐receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, so the use of glycomimetics to inhibit the infection through the DC‐SIGN blockade is an encouraging approach. In this regard, multivalent nanostructures based on glycosylated [60]fullerenes linked to a central porphyrin scaffold have been designed and tested against DC‐SIGN‐mediated SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. First results show an outstanding inhibition of the trans‐infection up to 90%. In addition, a deeper understanding of nanostructure‐receptor binding is achieved through microscopy techniques, high‐resolution NMR experiments, Quartz Crystal Microbalance experiments, and molecular dynamic simulations.
Supramolecular Peptide Amphiphile Nanospheres Reprogram Tumor‐associated Macrophage to Reshape the Immune Microenvironment for Enhanced Breast Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Xiao Qiuqun , Huang Jinyan , Wang Xing , Chen Zehong , Zhang Weiqi , Liu Fengjiao , Li Jiejing , Yang Zhimou , Zhan Jie , Cai Yanbin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTumor immunotherapy has become a research hotspot in cancer treatment, with macrophages playing a crucial role in tumor development. However, the tumor microenvironment restricts macrophage functionality, limiting their therapeutic potential. Therefore, modulating macrophage function and polarization is essential for enhancing tumor immunotherapy outcomes. Here, a supramolecular peptide amphiphile drug‐delivery system (SPADS) is utilized to reprogram macrophages and reshape the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) for immune‐based therapies. The approach involved designing highly specific SPADS that selectively targets surface receptors of M2‐type macrophages (M2‐Mφ). These targeted peptides induced M2‐Mφ repolarization into M1‐type macrophages by dual inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stresses, resulting in improved macrophagic antitumor activity and immunoregulatory function. Additionally, TIM reshaping disrupted the immune evasion mechanisms employed by tumor cells, leading to increased infiltration, and activation of immune cells. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of macrophage reshaping and anti‐PD‐1 antibody (aPD‐1) therapy significantly improved the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate tumor cells, thereby enhancing tumor immunotherapy efficacy. SPADS utilization also induced lung metastasis suppression. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of SPADS to drive macrophage reprogramming and reshape TIM, providing new insights, and directions for developing more effective immunotherapeutic approaches in cancer treatment.
Synthesis of FeOOH/Zn(OH)2/CoS Ferromagnetic Nanocomposites and the Enhanced Mechanism of Magnetic Field for Their Electrochemical Performances
Authors: Gao Shanqiang , Fan Jincheng , Cui Kexin , Wang Zhihao , Huang Ting , Tan Zicong , Niu Chaoqun , Luo Wenbin , Chao Zisheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe FeOOH/Zn(OH)2/CoS (FZC) nanocomposites are synthesized and show the outstanding electrochemical properties in both supercapacitor and catalytic hydrogen production. The specific area capacitance reaches 17.04 F cm−2, which is more than ten times higher than that of FeOOH/Zn(OH)2 (FZ) substrate: 1.58 F cm−2). FZC nanocomposites also exhibit the excellent cycling stability with an initial capacity retention rate of 93.6% after 10 000 long‐term cycles. The electrolytic cell (FZC//FZC) assembled with FZC as both anode and cathode in the UOR (urea oxidation reaction)|| HER (hydrogen evolution reaction) coupled system requires a cell voltage of only 1.453 V to drive a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Especially, the electrochemical performances of FZC nanocomposites are enhanced in magnetic field, and the mechanism is proposed based on Stern double layer model at electrode–electrolyte interface (EEI). More electrolyte ions reach the surface of FZC electrode material under Kelvin force, moreover, the warburg impedance of FZC nanocomposites decrease under magnetic field action, which results in the enhanced behaviors for both the energy storage and urea oxidation reaction .