bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal relationship between sleep traits and cognitive impairment: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Qing , Xu Shihan , Liu Fenglan , Liu Yanfei , Chen Keji , Huang Luqi , Xu Fengqin , Liu Yue 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveObservational studies had demonstrated a link between sleep disturbances and cognitive decline. Here, we aimed to investigate the causal association between genetically predicted sleep traits and cognitive impairment using Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsUsing strict criteria, we selected genetic variants from European ancestry Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) from the Sleep Disorders Knowledge Portal and UK Biobank as instrumental variables for several sleep traits, including insomnia, sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, daytime napping, and chronotype. Summary statistics related to cognitive impairment were derived from five different GWAS, including the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium. The role of self‐reported sleep trait phenotypes in the etiology of cognitive impairment was explored using inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) tests, MR‐Egger tests, and weighted medians, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure robustness.ResultsIn the main IVW analysis, sleep duration (reaction time: β = –0.05, 95% CI –0.07 to –0.04, p = 1.93×10−12), daytime sleepiness (average cortical thickness: β = –0.12, 95% CI –0.22 to –0.02, p = 0.023), and daytime napping (fluid intelligence: β = –0.47, 95% CI –0.87 to –0.07, p = 0.021; hippocampal volume in Alzheimer's disease: β = –0.99, 95% CI –1.64 to –0.35, p = 0.002) were significantly negatively correlated with cognitive performance. However, any effects of insomnia and chronotype on cognitive impairment were not determined.ConclusionsOur findings highlighted that focusing on sleep behaviors or distinct sleep patterns‐particularly sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, and daytime napping, was a promising approach for preventing cognitive impairment. This study also shed light on risk factors for and potential early markers of cognitive impairment risk factors.
Could bulk fill glass hybrid restorative materials replace composite resins in treating permanent teeth? A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Uyumaz Fatma Üzümcü , Abaklı İnci Merve , Özer Hazal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to compare the clinical and radiographic efficacy of Equia system bulk fill glass hybrid material with composite resins in the permanent restoration of pediatric patients' permanent teeth.Materials and MethodsThe study included 44 pediatric patients aged 8–16 who applied to Necmettin Erbakan University Pediatric Dentistry Department. The groups were formed as symmetrical teeth in the same patient using the split‐mouth design. The study included class I caries lesions of 144 permanent teeth. Group 1 was restored with the Equia system bulk fill glass hybrid material (Equia Forte HT + Equia Forte Coat [GC, Co, Tokyo, Japan]) (n = 72) and Group 2 with the Charisma Smart universal composite resin (Kulzer, Gmbh, Hanau, Germany) + Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray, Noritake, Sakazu, Okayama) (n = 72). Evaluations were performed clinically and radiographically by two physicians in 2nd week, 3rd month, 6th month, and 12th month and the results were recorded. Clinical evaluation was carried out using modified‐USPHS criteria. Obtained data were statistically analyzed using Kendall's W test and Cochran's Q test for the comparison within the group, and the Chi‐square test for the comparison between groups.ResultsAmong the materials utilized in the study, there was no statistically significant difference in marginal adaptation, marginal discoloration, retention, anatomical form, postoperative sensitivity, and secondary caries according (p > 0.05). Group 2 outperformed statistically significant Group 1 in terms of color match in all periods (p < 0.05). While there was no statistically significant difference in surface structure between the groups in 2nd week and 3rd month (p > 0.05), there was a statistically substantial difference in 6th, and 12th months (p < 0.05). No secondary caries or periapical lesions were found in any restorations during radiographic evaluation.ConclusionAfter a year, the clinical performance of both Equia and composite resins was equivalent and successful in the majority of the measures against which they were evaluated.Clinical SignificanceBased on the results of the research, Equia system bulk fill glass hybrid restorations are considered a viable alternative to composite resins in class I permanent teeth restorations.
The fertility tracks of pollen tube in the ovary of Solanum nigrum by three‐dimensional reconstruction
Authors: Ming Xing , Chen Xia , Ma Hongyu , Li Chuang , Zhao Zijian , Li Jinying , Du Yingda 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present an enhanced method for automatically capturing a large number of consecutive paraffin sections using a microscope. Leveraging these microstructural images, we employed three‐dimensional visualisation and reconstruction techniques to investigate the dispersal growth process of pollen tube bundles upon entering the ovary of Solanum nigrum. Additionally, we explored their behaviour within different ovules and examined the relationship between the germination rate of seeds and the fertilisation process. Our findings reveal that despite the abundance of Solanum nigrum seeds, only a fraction of them is capable of successful germination. The germination rate of seeds is closely related to whether fertilisation of the ovules and pollen tubes is completed. Due to the limited number of pollen tubes entering the ovary, only a portion of the ovules can be fertilised. The proportion of fertilised ovules positively correlates with the germination rate of the seeds. Through three‐dimensional reconstruction, we observed a phenomenon of proximity during the pollination process, wherein ovules closer to the pollen tube bundles are more likely to be fertilised. Furthermore, fertilised ovules exhibited significant changes in morphology and embryo sac structure. The number of fertilised ovules directly impacts the germination rate of wild Solanum nigrum seeds. Although all Solanum nigrum ovules have the potential to develop into seeds, most seeds originating from unfertilised ovules are unable to germinate normally, resulting in an incomplete germination rate of seeds and preventing it from reaching 100%.
Hindlimb and pelvic anatomy of Caiman yacare (Archosauria, Pseudosuchia): Myology and osteological correlates with emphasis on lower leg and autopodial musculature
Authors: Pereyra Maria Eugenia , Cerroni Mauricio A. , Lecuona Agustina , Bona Paula , Fernández Dumont M. Lucila , Otero Alejandro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe anatomy of the archosaurian pelvis and hindlimb has adopted a diversity of successful configurations allowing a wide range of postures during the evolution of the group (e.g., erect, sprawling). For this reason, thorough studies of the structure and function of the pelvic and hindlimb musculature of crocodylians are required and provide the possibility to expand their implications for the evolution of archosaurian locomotion, as well as to identify potential new characters based on muscles and their bony correlates. In this study, we give a detailed description of the pelvic and hindlimb musculature of the South American alligator Caiman yacare, providing comprehensive novel information regarding lower limb and autopodial muscles. Particularly for the pedal muscles, we propose a new classification for the dorsal and ventral muscles of the autopodium based on the organisation of these muscles in successive layers. We have studied the myology in a global background in which we have compared the Caiman yacare musculature with other crocodylians. In this sense, differences in the arrangement of m. flexor tibialis internus 1, m. flexor tibialis externus, m. iliofibularis, mm. puboischiofemorales internii 1 and 2, between Ca. yacare and other crocodylians were found. We also discuss the muscle attachments that have different bony correlates among the crocodylian species and their morphological variation. Most of the correlates did not exhibit great variation among the species compared. The majority of the recognised correlates were identified in the pelvic girdle; additionally, some bony correlates associated with the pedal muscles are highlighted here for the first time. This research provides a wide framework for future studies on comparative anatomy and functional morphology, which could contribute to improving the character definition used in phylogenetic analyses and to understand the patterns of musculoskeletal hindlimb evolution.
Novel roles of bovine milk‐derived exosomes in skin antiaging
Authors: Lu Lu , Bai Wei , Wang Miao , Han Chunle , Du Huanqing , Wang Na , Gao Mengya , Li Dan , Dong Fengwei , Ge Xiaohu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundExosomes are small vesicles released from cells and are found in various mammalian biological fluids, such as bovine milk, which has been employed in skincare for many years, apart from its dairy applications. In addition, exosomes have been recognized as vehicles for intercellular communication.AimsIn this study, we aimed to investigate the novel effects of bovine milk‐derived exosomes (MK‐Exo) on antiaging in human skin.MethodsInitially, MK‐Exo were co‐cultured with keratinocytes and fibroblasts; subsequent analysis involved qPCR and western blotting to assess induced gene expression. Subsequently, MK‐Exo were topically applied to the facial skin of 31 female volunteers twice daily for 28 days. The functions were evaluated after conducting safety assessments in vivo.ResultsPurified MK‐Exo demonstrated the ability to be taken up directly by keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro, resulting in the upregulation of natural factors associated with skin moisturization, including filaggrin (FLG), aquaporin 3 (AQP3), and CD44 in keratinocytes, as well as hyaluronidase (HAS2) in fibroblasts. Concurrently, MK‐Exo promoted fibroblast cell migration and restored the expression of type I and III collagen (Col I and Col III) following exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Furthermore, phototoxicity, photoallergy, repeated skin irritation, skin allergy, and patch tests confirmed the safety of MK‐Exo for skin application. Finally, we elucidated the roles of MK‐Exo in preserving moisture and reducing wrinkles in humans.ConclusionOur findings unveil the novel contributions of MK‐Exo to human skin aging, presenting a new avenue in the field of skincare.
Predictors of changes in resilience among spousal caregivers of patients with advanced cancer within the first 6 months after initial treatment
Authors: Sun Haiyan , Chen Shuqiao , Chen Xi , Yang Qin , Zhang Hu , Wacharasin Chintana , Hengudomsub Pornpat 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile previous research has established that resilience is affected by various factors, these studies have primarily focussed on individual variables associated with resilience, without providing insights into how to influence the rate of change in resilience.AimTo examine the trajectory of resilience and identify the factors associated with changes in resilience among spousal caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer receiving treatment during the first 6 months.DesignAn observational longitudinal study.MethodsA total of 312 spousal caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer were recruited from January 2022 to December 2022 in Yancheng, China. Three data collection points were established, spanning from the first month to 6 months after initial cancer treatment. A latent growth model was employed to depict the resilience trajectory at various time points. A latent growth model with time‐invariant covariates was adopted to determine the factors influencing resilience trajectory. The study adhered to the STROBE checklist for proper reporting.ResultsThroughout the follow‐up period, the participants experienced a significant increase in resilience. Gender, family income, the patient's health status, spirituality and belief in familism were significantly associated with the baseline resilience level. Moreover, family income, the patient's health status, spirituality, caregiver burden and belief in familism were significantly associated with the rate of resilience change over time.ConclusionsSpousal caregivers demonstrated a linear increase in resilience during the first 6 months after initial treatment. Meanwhile, changes in resilience were influenced by multiple factors during the early phase of cancer treatment. Thus, more attention should be paid to early identification and implementation of targeted interventions.Relevance to Clinical PracticeHealthcare professionals should understand the change in resilience among spousal caregivers and conduct timely mental health interventions to enhance the resilience of families affected by cancer.Patient or Public ContributionThe Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public‐Short Form reporting checklists were used to improve patient and public involvement.
Experiences of consumers, carers and clinicians during borderline personality disorder presentations to the emergency department—An integrative review
Authors: Miller Joseph , Nguyen Elle , Lam Amanda Yu Hui , Brann Peter , Innes Stanley , Buntine Paul , Broadbear Jillian , Hope Judy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionPeople with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis or symptoms may experience emotional crises which necessitate use of the emergency department (ED). No existing reviews focus specifically on experiences of consumersa, carersb and clinicians in relation to ED presentations by people diagnosed with BPD.Aim/QuestionThe aim of this study was to synthesise knowledge on consumer, carer and clinician experiences of BPD in the ED.MethodAn integrative review methodology was chosen as it best captures the complexity of varied perspectives and emergent phenomena from diverse literature sources. EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Medline were searched for papers published before 16 February 2022.ResultsNine papers met the inclusion criteria (five qualitative, one quantitative, one mixed methods and two letters to the editor). Key themes were barriers to timely and adequate care, and stigmatising attitudes and practices towards people diagnosed with BPD. Negative attitudes were perceived to perpetuate harmful outcomes and further ED visits.DiscussionPredominantly negative ED experiences were expressed by clinicians, consumers and carers. Further work is needed in ED models of care and staff education to improve the experience of care for consumers, carers and clinicians alike.Implications for PracticeOpportunities for change will exist through co‐designed innovation, education, advocacy and leadership.
God as the Condition of Speech: An Interpretation of Eugen Rosenstock‐Huessy's and Franz Rosenzweig's New Thinking
Authors: Katwan Ron 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe article offers an interpretation of the New Thinking of Rosenstock‐Huessy and Rosenzweig. It first explains the New Thinking in juxtaposition with a philosophical tradition that views reality as a problem of knowledge and conceptualizes the I's relation to reality as accomplished primarily through thought. The New Thinking is defined by its effort to understand the human being's relation to reality as constitutively shaped by speech, and speech not as means of knowing or representing things but as means of establishing relations among speakers. The article then reconstructs an argument central to the New Thinking that begins with the analysis of the structure of speech in order to discover the relations between the human being, the world, and God that are the conditions without which speech would not accomplish what it always already accomplishes, namely, to establish relations among speakers. The idea that emerges from this analysis is that prior to, and presupposed by, our capacity to know reality objectively, our very encounter with reality in speech and time is inescapably a response to God's address. For the New Thinking, God is not an object of knowledge or experience, but the perpetual address that is the condition of speech.
A rare cause and an even rarer treatment of hypertension in a 5‐year‐old boy: Mid‐aortic syndrome
Authors: İriz Erkan , Tak Sercan , Yiğiter Eda Nur , Leventoğlu Emre , Demirtaş Hüseyin , Akkuzu Emine , Uysal Yazıcı Mutlu , Fidan Kibriya , Dalgıç Aydın 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRenal artery stenosis is one of the common vascular diseases that cause hypertension in children. However, renal artery aneurysms and abdominal aortic aneurysms, which may be components of mid‐aortic syndrome, are rarely associated with renal artery stenosis. Despite its rarity, early diagnosis and treatment are critical to prevent fatal complications. Currently, non‐surgical invasive techniques are considered the first choice for treatment, but in some cases, surgery is inevitable. Here, we present a 5‐year‐old boy with a mid‐aortic syndrome. The patient presented with a history of severe headache and epistaxis 5–6 times a day and was diagnosed with hypertension. A 9 × 9 mm saccular aneurysm on the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta at the level of the left renal artery ostium, and a 12 mm aneurysm in the left renal artery after a stenotic segment at the hilum level was detected in the doppler USG and contrast‐enhanced imaging techniques. The patient was operated on electively. We used a PTFE patch to repair the abdominal aorta and, saphenous vein which was taken from his father to repair the renal artery. The patient recovered well and was discharged on the 18th day.image
Interplay between Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, the bacteriome and phytopathogens in Lycoris radiata
Authors: Zhou Jiayu , Stringlis Ioannis A. , Wen Jian , Liu Yifang , Xu Sheng , Wang Ren 
Published: December 2023

Summary

Alkaloids are a large group of plant secondary metabolites with various structures and activities. It is important to understand their functions in the interplay between plants and the beneficial and pathogenic microbiota.

Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) are unique secondary metabolites in Amaryllidaceae plants. Here, we studied the interplay between AAs and the bacteriome in Lycoris radiata, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant containing high amounts of AAs.

The relationship between AAs and bacterial composition in different tissues of L. radiata was studied. In vitro experiments revealed that AAs have varying levels of antimicrobial activity against endophytic bacteria and pathogenic fungi, indicating the importance of AA synthesis in maintaining a balance between plants and beneficial/pathogenic microbiota. Using bacterial synthetic communities with different compositions, we observed a positive feedback loop between bacteria insensitive to AAs and their ability to increase accumulation of AAs in L. radiata, especially in leaves. This may allow insensitive bacteria to outcompete sensitive ones for plant resources. Moreover, the accumulation of AAs enhanced by insensitive bacteria could benefit plants when challenged with fungal pathogens.

This study highlights the functions of alkaloids in plant–microbe interactions, opening new avenues for designing plant microbiomes that could contribute to sustainable agriculture.
Activation of liver X receptors suppresses the abundance and osteoclastogenic potential of osteoclast precursors and periodontal bone loss
Authors: Zhao Yanfang , Yang Kai , Ferreira Thalyta Amanda , Kang Xuejia , Feng Xu , Katz Jannet , Michalek Suzanne M , Zhang Ping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLiver‐X receptors (LXRs) are essential nuclear hormone receptors involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism. They are also believed to regulate inflammation and physiological and pathological bone turnover. We have previously shown that infection with the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) in mice increases the abundance of CD11b+c‐fms+Ly6Chi cells in bone marrow (BM), spleen (SPL), and peripheral blood. These cells also demonstrated enhanced osteoclastogenic activity and a distinctive gene profile following Pg infection. Here, we investigated the role of LXRs in regulating these osteoclast precursors (OCPs) and periodontal bone loss. We found that Pg infection downregulates the gene expression of LXRs, as well as ApoE, a transcription target of LXRs, in CD11b+c‐fms+Ly6Chi OCPs. Activation of LXRs by treatment with GW3965, a selective LXR agonist, significantly decreased Pg‐induced accumulation of CD11b+c‐fms+Ly6Chi population in BM and SPL. GW3965 treatment also significantly suppressed the osteoclastogenic potential of these OCPs induced by Pg infection. Furthermore, the activation of LXRs reduces the abundance of OCPs systemically in BM and locally in the periodontium, as well as mitigates gingival c‐fms expression and periodontal bone loss in a ligature‐induced periodontitis model. These data implicate a novel role of LXRs in regulating OCP abundance and osteoclastogenic potential in inflammatory bone loss.
Drug‐induced aseptic meningitis after an interlaminar lumbar epidural steroid injection
Authors: Nguyen Trong P. , Kant Ishu , Cartagena Alec , Kim Jung H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis case report describes a rare instance of drug‐induced aseptic meningitis after an interlaminar lumbar epidural steroid injection.Case PresentationA 74 year‐old female patient presented to the ED post‐procedure day three after an L4‐L5 interlaminar lumbar epidural steroid injection with fever, nausea, and vomiting. The patient had previously undergone numerous lumbar epidurals without complications and used identical medications, which included 1% lidocaine, iohexol contrast, methylprednisolone (Depo‐medrol), and normal saline. Pertinent labs included a WBC of 15,000 cells/μL. Lumbar MRI revealed L4‐S1 aseptic arachnoiditis. Two bone scans with Gallium and T‐99 confirmed no infectious process. The patient then had a second admission months later with similar presenting symptoms and hospital course after repeating the lumbar epidural steroid injection. Lumbar MRI and CSF studies confirmed aseptic meningitis.ConclusionThis patient's repeated admissions from aseptic meningitis were likely caused by irritation of the meningeal layers from a medication used during the procedure.
Glycine‐serine‐rich effector PstGSRE4 in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici targets and stabilizes TaGAPDH2 that promotes stripe rust disease
Authors: Liu Cong , Wang Yanfeng , Du Yuanyuan , Kang Zhensheng , Guo Jia , Guo Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPuccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) secretes effector proteins that enter plant cells and manipulate host processes. In a previous study, we identified a glycine‐serine‐rich effector PstGSRE4, which was proven to regulate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathway by interacting with TaCZSOD2. In this study, we further demonstrated that PstGSRE4 interacts with wheat glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase TaGAPDH2, which is related to ROS signalling. In wheat, silencing of TaGAPDH2 by virus‐induced gene silencing increased the accumulation of ROS induced by the Pst virulent race CYR31. Overexpression of TaGAPDH2 decreased the accumulation of ROS induced by the avirulent Pst race CYR23. In addition, TaGAPDH2 suppressed Pst candidate elicitor Pst322‐triggered cell death by decreasing ROS accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana. Knocking down TaGAPDH2 expression attenuated Pst infection, whereas overexpression of TaGAPDH2 promoted Pst infection, indicating that TaGAPDH2 is a negative regulator of plant defence. In N. benthamiana, PstGSRE4 stabilized TaGAPDH2 through inhibition of the 26S proteasome‐mediated destabilization. Overall, these results suggest that TaGAPDH2 is hijacked by the Pst effector as a negative regulator of plant immunity to promote Pst infection in wheat.