bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discriminating lithospheric and asthenospheric anisotropy beneath Northern Oman: sharp contrast observed at the Semail Gap Fault Zone
Authors: Komeazi Abolfazl , Kaviani Ayoub , Rümpker Georg , Weidle Christian , Meier Thomas 
Published: October 2023

To gain a deeper understanding of the extensive and varied lithospheric
deformations beneath northern Oman, we examine seismic anisotropy in
this region using splitting analysis of teleseismic shear wave data. Our
study utilizes data from a dense network consisting of 13 permanent and
45 temporary seismic stations, which were operational for approximately
2.5 years starting from 2013. By examining the azimuthal distribution of
shear wave splitting (SWS) parameters, we are able to divide the study
area into three sub-regions. The stations located to the west of the
Hawasina window exhibit relatively azimuthally invariant SWS parameters
suggesting a single anisotropic layer. On the other hand, most of the
stations located in the central and eastern regions display a 90-degree
periodicity versus back-azimuth, indicating the presence of
depth-dependent anisotropy.
The General NW-SE trend of the Fast Polarization Directions (FPDs),
one-layer/upper layer FPDs in the east and one-layer FPDs in the west,
is concordant with the strike of the structures resulting from the
collision between the continental and oceanic plates. Notably, a
distinct contrast in the SWS parameters is observed at Semail Gap Fault
Zone (SGFZ), suggesting that the SGFZ can be a geological border for the
mafic intrusive emplacement from the east. Furthermore, the fast axes of
the lower layer exhibit an NE-SW trend, which may be indicative of the
large-scale mantle flow resulting from the present-day plate motion.
Probing the nature of low-frequency earthquakes through the deconvolution of tectonic tremor
Authors: Song Chao , Rubin Allan M 
Published: October 2023

Currently there are two end-member views of low-frequency earthquakes
(LFEs). One is that they result from stick-slip behavior of Mxed brittle
patches that are mechanically distinct from the surrounding, creeping,
fault. The other is that they represent the high-frequency limit of
stochastic accelerations and decelerations of slip on the fault, with
boundaries that may vary with time. Among the many unknowns concerning
LFEs are their physical dimensions, knowledge of which might place
constraints on their underlying nature.
Estimates of LFE source sizes range from 100 m (if they have a stress
drop similar to regular earthquakes) to more than 1 km (if they rupture
at local shear wave speeds, given a ~0.5-s duration).
Our 4-s tremor catalogs have an estimated location uncertainty smaller
than 1 km, and many consecutive and nearly consecutive detections are
spaced closer than this. This suggests that if LFEs are close to the
upper size limit, successive events are strongly overlapping, which
seems more consistent with the stochastic acceleration and deceleration
model of LFE generation. Moreover, many 4-s windows themselves contain
multiple nearly co- located LFE-like arrivals. This encourages us to use
LFE templates to deconvolve tremor seismograms, to obtain an LFE catalog
with a temporal resolution conceivably as high as one event per LFE
duration. Our preliminary catalog shows that many LFEs as close in time
as 0.5 s are separated by less than 1 km. Figure 1 shows LFE detections
from a 250-s window with an overall 2-km migration to the southeast. The
median event has 75 other detections within 1 km. In the propagation
direction, also the direction of low error, the median separation
between consecutive events is 360 m. If LFEs are km-scale, possible
explanations for the signiPcant overlap between events sometimes as
close as 0.5 s in time (see the zoom) include reQected waves from
boundaries of a low-velocity shear zone, or inertial vibrations at low
normal stress (Im and Avouac, 2021). If, instead, LFEs are brittle
asperities closer to 100 m in size, successive events need not overlap,
but one must explain both their long duration and why, with so many
sources in close proximity, nearly none are observed to grow larger in
both duration and magnitude than is characteristic of LFEs.
Exploring Holistic Performance Indicators for WAQF Institutions in Malaysia
Authors: Sani A’ieshah Abdullah , Bustamam Khair Syakira , Abd Samad Khairunnisa , Adanan Siti Azrina , Saidin Amilia 
Published: October 2023

The practice of waqf (or Islamic endowment) has been recognized as the mainstream social development in Muslim society today since waqf greatly contributes to Malaysia's socio-economic development. Despite the fact that the current development of waqf is not fully utilized, waqf institutions must play a pivotal role in ensuring the attainment of waqf objectives in contemporary society. To achieve their strategic goals and fulfil their accountability towards relevant stakeholders and the public at large, a comprehensive measurement tool is required to assess the performance of waqf institutions holistically. Thus, the objective of this study is to explore the possible key performance indicators for waqf institutions in Malaysia using the balanced scorecard model with four main perspectives: financial perspective, stakeholder perspective, internal process perspective, and learning and growth perspective. The method of this study is based on a review of the literature on relevant performance measurement for waqf institutions in Malaysia. The findings of this study could assist waqf institutions in Malaysia to define their vision and strategy, as well as change their vision and strategy into specific activities, by implementing the proposed indicators that are measurable and comprehensive and are useful for waqf managers to make an accurate and informed decision. The outcome of this study could provide a guideline for designing a holistic and proper measurement system that can be implemented by all waqf institutions in Malaysia to maintain their sustainability and competitiveness.
Influence of second premolar extractions on the volume of the oral cavity proper: a control comparative cone-beam computed tomography volumetric analysis study
Authors: Mladenovic Miodrag , Freezer Simon , Dreyer Craig , Meade Maurice J. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To compare the pre- and postorthodontic treatment volumetric changes of the oral cavity proper (OCP) in extraction and nonextraction patients and to identify influencing variables.

Materials and Methods
Pre- and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed labial appliances and who satisfied the inclusion criteria were individually landmarked. Linear, angular, and volumetric measurements were determined. Descriptive statistics, repeated measure analyses of variance, correlations, and stepwise regression statistical analyses were applied.

Results
The CBCT scans of 54 patients who underwent the extraction of second premolars and/or extraction of second primary molars associated with agenic second premolars, and 59 nonextraction patients matched for crowding, were assessed. The mean age for both groups was 15 years. There was a statistically significant increase in the volume of the OCP for both the extraction and nonextraction groups, with the nonextraction group demonstrating a larger increase in the volume of the OCP. Gender, age, changes in mandibular and maxillary arch length, and changes in mandibular and maxillary intermolar width all influenced the change in the OCP volume.

Conclusions
The volume of the OCP increased in growing patients with and without the extraction of the second premolars and/or extraction of second primary molars associated with agenic second premolars. Patients who did not have extractions as part of their orthodontic treatment demonstrated a greater overall increase in OCP volume.
Dissecting the Roles of the Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genomes in a Mouse Model of Autoimmune Diabetes
Authors: Zou Weiwei , Chezhian Janaki , Yu Tenghui , Liu Wensheng , Vu Jimmy , Slone Jesse , Huang Taosheng 
Published: October 2023

Mitochondria, the organelles responsible for generating ATP in eukaryotic cells, have been previously implicated as a contributor to diabetes. However, mitochondrial proteins are encoded by both nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mtDNA. In order to better understand the relative contribution of each of these genomes to diabetes, a chimeric mitochondrial–nuclear exchange (MNX) mouse was created via pronuclear transfer carrying nDNA from a strain susceptible to type 1 diabetes (NOD/ShiLtJ) and mtDNA from nondiabetic C57BL/6J mice. Inheritance of the resulting heteroplasmic mtDNA mixture was then tracked across multiple generations, showing that offspring heteroplasmy generally followed that of the mother, with occasional large shifts consistent with an mtDNA bottleneck in the germ line. In addition, survival and incidence of diabetes in MNX mice were tracked and compared with those in unaltered NOD/ShiLtJ control mice. The results indicated improved survival and a delay in diabetes onset in the MNX mice, demonstrating that mtDNA has a critical influence on disease phenotype. Finally, enzyme activity assays showed that the NOD/ShiLtJ mice had significant hyperactivity of complex I of the electron transport chain relative to MNX mice, suggesting that a particular mtDNA variant (m.9461T&gt;C) may be responsible for disease causation in the original NOD/ShiLtJ strain.

Article Highlights
Mitochondria have been previously implicated in diabetes, but the specific genetic factors remain unclear. To better understand the contributions of mitochondrial genes in nuclear DNA (nDNA) versus mtDNA, we created mitochondrial–nuclear exchange (MNX) mice carrying nDNA from a diabetic strain and mtDNA from nondiabetic mice. Long-term tracking of MNX mice showed occasional large shifts in heteroplasmy consistent with an mtDNA bottleneck in the germ line. In addition, the MNX mice showed improved survival and delayed incidence of diabetes relative to the unaltered diabetic mice, which appeared to be linked to the activity of respiratory complex I.
The Effect of Differential Pressure and Permanent Pressure Loss on Multi-Hole Orifice Plate
Authors: Hariguru TM , Srinivasan S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The widely used orifice plate falls under restricted type flow devices, has the highest differential pressure and permanent pressure drop in the ensemble. The objective is to curtail the permanent pressure drop and maintain the differential pressure across the orifice plate, and thereby, the power required to pump the liquid is retrenched. So, three-hole, four-hole and five-hole orifice plates with an identical area to that of the single-hole orifice plate were designed and experiments were carried out. It is observed that the experimental results almost matched with the simulation data. In comparing the performance, the four-hole orifice plate yielded a higher differential pressure and higher-pressure loss. In contrast, the five-hole orifice yielded lower differential pressure and higher-pressure loss compared to the single-hole orifice plate. In case of three-hole orifice plate it performed better than the single-hole orifice with reduced pressure loss and higher differential pressure. It was also found that the power consumed by the pump for pumping was lower for three-hole, four-hole and five-hole orifice plates compared to the single-hole orifice plate. Thus, the three-hole orifice plate performs better than a single-hole orifice plate in terms of higher differential pressure, reduced permanent pressure loss and lower power consumption of the pump.
Diagnostic challenges of a rare disease with an unusual presentation
Authors: Calaras Diana , David Aliona , Rusu Doina , Onea Leonid , Pretula Ruslan , Botnaru Victor , Corlateanu Alexandru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a chronic systemic granulomatous disease that can show overlapping clinical features with various rheumatological entities. Even though it can be more commonly associated with Sjögren syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus, only on rare occasions, it can concomitantly occur with rheumatoid arthritis. While lacking a gold standard diagnostic tool, sarcoidosis remains an exclusion diagnosis. Moreover, an atypical presentation of a rare disease on the background of another systemic disease can be challenging, even for an experienced physician. We present a rare case of a patient with a long-standing history of rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate who developed sarcoidosis with an unusual presentation and possible cardiac involvement.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis – case series
Authors: Coteț Marius-Alexandru , Belaconi Ionela Nicoleta , Ruseva Inna Dencheva , Toma Claudia Lucia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We describe a series of five cases of sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) diagnosed in a 2-year period and followed for at least 6 months. All cases describe women aged between 37 years and 67 years (median at 44), mostly non-smokers, either with symptomatic presentations, complications at debut or incidental imagistic diagnosis. The cystic lesions were unanimous, but two cases had atypical patterns. Spirometric parameters were normal in two cases, the rest presenting obstruction with hyperinflation ± bronchodilator positive response. The diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) varied between 79.8% and 29.5%. Two cases had histopathological confirmation, one of which was really unexpected considering its imagistic pattern. The therapeutic intervention consisted of sirolimus and/or bronchodilator. The evolution was stationary for four cases and unfavourable for one. This case series ranges from textbook to atypical LAM and has the aim to raise awareness regarding this rare disease.
Pengaruh Cara Mematikan dan Lama Waktu Post-Mortem terhadap Mutu Kesegaran Filet Ikan Mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus)
Authors: Owen Oliver , Widia I Wayan , Kinasih Mentari 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak
Filet ikan mujair merupakan salah satu bahan pangan sumber protein yang sangat diperlukan untuk pemenuhan gizi. Mutu kesegaran ikan filet ditentukan oleh beberapa hal, antara lain kualitas bahan baku dan cara mematikan ikan yang digunakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh cara mematikan dan lama waktu post-mortem terhadap mutu kesegaran filet ikan mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus). Penelitian ini menggunakan percobaan faktorial-RAL (rancangan acak lengkap) dengan 2 faktor, yaitu cara mematikan ikan dan lama waktu post-mortem. Cara mematikan ikan memiliki 3 taraf perlakuan, yaitu mati menggelepar, suhu dingin, dan teknik ikejime. Sedangkan, lama waktu post-mortem memiliki 8 taraf perlakuan, yaitu; 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, dan 14 jam. Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 2 kali, sehingga didapat 24 kombinasi perlakuan dan 48 sampel percobaan. Parameter yang diamati adalah indeks rigor, organoleptik mutu kesegaran ikan, pH, kadar protein, dan organoleptik mutu kesegaran filet. Data hasil pengamatan diolah dengan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA), uji Duncan, dan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa cara mematikan dan lama waktu post-mortem berpengaruh nyata terhadap beberapa parameter mutu kesegaran filet ikan mujair. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik adalah mematikan dengan teknik ikejime dengan lama waktu post-mortem 0 jam dengan karakteristik pH sebesar 6,94, kadar protein sebesar 26,65% dan skor organoleptik daging ikan sebesar 8,80, serta skor tekstur daging ikan sebesar 8,95.
Abstract
Tilapia fish filet is one of the protein-rich foods needed by the body. The freshness quality of the tilapia fish filet is affected by the quality of the raw materials and the method of killing the fish. This study aimed to determine the effect of the lethal technique and the length of post-mortem time on the freshness of tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) filets. This study used a factorial-CRD trial (Completely Randomized Design) for two factors. The first factor is how to kill the fish (floating death, cold temperature, and ikejime technique). The second factor was the length of post-mortem time (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 hours). Each treatment was repeated by 2 times so that 48 samples were obtained from 24 treatment combinations. The observed parameters are the rigor index, organoleptic freshness, pH, and protein content. Observational data were processed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Duncan test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results of this study indicate that the method of shutting down and the length of time post-mortem significantly affect several parameters of the freshness quality of tilapia fish fillets. The best combination of treatment is lethal with the ikejime technique with a post-mortem time of 0 hours which has a pH of 6.94, protein content of 26.65% and fish meat organoleptic score of 8.80, and fish meat texture score of 8.95.
Kajian Proses Fermentasi Urin Sapi dengan Beberapa Model Diffuser
Authors: Trimayanti Ni Luh , Setiyo Yohanes , Wijaya I Made Anom Sutrisna 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak
Limbah cair sapi seperti urin sapi berpotensi menjadi biourin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari jenis diffuser terhadap kualitas biourin, serta mengetahui jenis diffuser terbaik selama proses fermentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Setiap perlakuan berisi 10 liter urin, 2% bakteri nitrifikasi, dan 2% molase. Adapun perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah perlakuan tanpa aerasi, perlakuan menggunakan aerasi tanpa diffuser, perlakuan menggunakan diffuser gelembung halus, perlakuan menggunakan diffuser gelembung kasar, dan perlakuan menggunakan diffuser batu aerasi. Fermentasi ini dilakukan selama 20 hari dengan pengukuran setiap 5 hari. Parameter diamati adalah suhu, pH, TDS, EC, C-Organik, N-Total, dan C/N Ratio selama proses fermentasi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan beberapa jenis diffuser berpengaruh nyata terhadap proses fermentasi urin sapi. Proses fermentasi tanpa penggunakan diffuser menunjukan bahwa seiring bertambahnya waktu fermentasi diikuti dengan penurunan nilai pH dari 7,72 menjadi 7,54. Pada hari ke-20 fermentasi bio-urin, nilai Biochemical Oxygen Demand tertinggi ditunjukan oleh perlakuan penggunaan diffuser gelembung halus dengan nilai 9,2 mg/l. Dari lima perlakuan fermentasi urin yang dibuat hanya fermentasi dengan diffuser yang memenuhi standar No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011. Perlakuan dengan jenis diffuser gelembung halus merupakan perlakuan terbaik.
Abstract
Cow urine has the potential to become biourin. This study aims to determine the effect of the type of diffuser on the quality of biourin, as well as to determine the best type of diffuser during the fermentation process. This study used a completely randomized design consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replications. Each treatment contained 10 liters of urine, 2% nitrifying bacteria, and 2% molasses. The treatment was carried out without aeration, treatment using aeration without a diffuser, treatment using a fine bubble diffuser, treatment using a coarse bubble diffuser, and treatment using an aerated stone diffuser. This fermentation was carried out for 20 days with measurements every 5 days. Parameters observed were temperature, pH, TDS, EC, C-Organic, N-Total, and C/N Ratio during the fermentation process. The results of the study showed that the use of several types of diffusers had a significant effect on the process of fermenting cow urine. The fermentation process without using a diffuser showed that as the fermentation time increased, the pH value decreased from 7.72 to 7.54. On the 20th day of bio-urine fermentation, the highest Biochemical Oxygen Demand value was shown by the treatment using a fine bubble diffuser with a value of 9.2 mg/l. Of the five urine fermentation treatments, only fermentation with a diffuser met standard No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011. Treatment with a type of fine bubble diffuser is the best treatment.
Perilaku Pindah Panas yang Terjadi pada Berbagai Kemasan Kentang Konsumsi (Solanum tuberosum L.) selama Penyimpanan Suhu Ruang
Authors: Budisetiari Ni Putu , Pudja Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi , Gunadnya Ida Bagus Putu 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perpindahan panas, perubahan mutu, dan mengetahui hasil terbaik saat penyimpanan kentang di dalam suhu ruang dengan kemasan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor: waktu penyimpanan (5 hari, 10 hari, dan 15 hari) dan kemasan (kardus, kayu, dan styrofoam). Kemasan yang digunakan berukuran 20 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm dan diisi dengan 2 kg kentang, perhitungan perpindahan panas, pengukuran suhu, dan kelembaban akan dilakukan setiap 8 jam. Pengukuran parameter lainnya seperti kadar air, susut bobot, warna, dan tekstur akan diuji per 5 hari sekali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama perpindahan panas semakin tinggi mencapai 34,90 dengan jenis kemasan kotak kayu, untuk pengamatan parameter suhu nilai tertinggi mencapai 28,90? pada jenis kemasan styrofoam, untuk parameter kelembaban nilai tertinggi mencapai 92,58% pada jenis kemasan kotak kardus, kadar air tertinggi terjadi pada kemasan kotak kardus dengan nilai kadar air 88,01%, susut bobot tertinggi terjadi pada jenis kemasan kayu 3,81%, warna kentang dengan nilai tertinggi terjadi pada jenis kemasan styrofoam dengan nilai warna 47,79 dan tekstur tertinggi terjadi pada kemasan styrofoam 68,45 gf, dari hasil tersebut kemasan yang mampu mempertahankan mutu kentang dengan baik adalah jenis kemasan kotak kayu.
Abstract
This research was conducted to determine heat transfer, quality changes, and to find out the best results when storing potatoes at room temperature with different packaging. This study used a randomized block design (RAK) with 2 factors: storage time (5 days, 10 days, and 15 days) and packaging (cardboard, wood, and styrofoam). The packaging used is 20 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm. Measurements of heat transfer, temperature, and humidity will be carried out every 8 hours. Other parameter measurements such as moisture content, weight loss, color, and texture will be tested every 5 days. The results of the study showed that the higher the day the heat transfer reached 34.90 with the type of wooden kotak packaging, while for the observation of the temperature parameter the highest value reached 28.90 ºC on the Styrofoam packaging type, for the humidity parameter the highest value reached 92, 58% in the type of cardboard kotak packaging, the highest water content occurred in the cardboard kotak packaging with a moisture content value of 88.01%, the highest weight loss occurred in the type of wooden packaging 3.81%, the color of potatoes with the highest value occurred in the Styrofoam packaging type with a value of color 47.79 and the highest texture occurred in the packaging 68.45 gf, from these results the packaging that is able to maintain the quality of potatoes well is the type of wooden kotak packaging.