bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning models for predicting seizure outcome after MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy in children
Authors: Yossofzai Omar , Stone Scellig S. D. , Madsen Joseph R. , Wang Shelly , Ragheb John , Mohamed Ismail , Bollo Robert J. , Clarke Dave , Perry M. Scott , Weil Alexander G. , Raskin Jeffrey S. , Pindrik Jonathan , Ahmed Raheel , Lam Sandi K. , Fallah Aria , Maniquis Cassia , Andrade Andrea , Ibrahim George M. , Drake James , Rutka James T. , Tailor Jignesh , Mitsakakis Nicholas , Widjaja Elysa 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is associated with lower seizure-free outcome but better safety profile compared to open surgery. However, the predictors of seizure freedom following MRgLITT remain uncertain. This study aimed to use machine learning to predict seizure-free outcome following MRgLITT and to identify important predictors of seizure freedom in children with drug-resistant epilepsy.

METHODS
This multicenter study included children treated with MRgLITT for drug-resistant epilepsy at 13 epilepsy centers. The authors used clinical data, diagnostic investigations, and ablation features to predict seizure-free outcome at 1 year post-MRgLITT. Patients from 12 centers formed the training cohort, and patients in the remaining center formed the testing cohort. Five machine learning algorithms were developed on the training data by using 10-fold cross-validation, and model performance was measured on the testing cohort. The models were developed and tested on the complete feature set. Subsequently, 3 feature selection methods were used to identify important predictors. The authors then assessed performance of the parsimonious models based on these important variables.

RESULTS
This study included 268 patients who underwent MRgLITT, of whom 44.4% had achieved seizure freedom at 1 year post-MRgLITT. A gradient-boosting machine algorithm using the complete feature set yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) on the testing set (AUC 0.67 [95% CI 0.50–0.82], sensitivity 0.71 [95% CI 0.47–0.88], and specificity 0.66 [95% CI 0.50–0.81]). Logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and neural network yielded lower AUCs (0.58–0.63) compared to the gradient-boosting machine but the findings were not statistically significant (all p > 0.05). The 3 feature selection methods identified video-EEG concordance, lesion size, preoperative seizure frequency, and number of antiseizure medications as good prognostic features for predicting seizure freedom. The parsimonious models based on important features identified by univariate feature selection slightly improved model performance compared to the complete feature set.

CONCLUSIONS
Understanding the predictors of seizure freedom after MRgLITT will assist with prognostication.
Headache relief 10 years after cervical disc arthroplasty: multicenter randomized clinical trial post hoc analysis
Authors: Zhou James , Ho Alison , Ghaffari-Rafi Arash , Castillo Jose , Kim Kee 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Headache relief after anterior cervical spine surgery has been reported. No study, however, has followed patients out to 10 years to assess the durability of headache improvement. The authors analyzed a group of patients with a 10-year follow-up after one- or two-level cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) from an FDA investigational device exemption (IDE) study.

METHODS
The authors performed a post hoc analysis of 189 patients treated with CDA from the 9 highest enrolling sites in a prospective multicenter randomized US FDA IDE clinical trial. Patients had one- or two-level CDA at contiguous levels from C3 to C7 using the Mobi-C device. The authors evaluated headache scores from the headache section of the Neck Disability Index (NDI), along with associated demographic variables (age, sex, race, ethnicity, and BMI). Preoperative and 10-year postoperative headache scores were analyzed. Primary analysis was conducted via the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, followed by univariate and multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS
After accounting for age, BMI, race, ethnicity, and sex, there was sustained headache improvement 10 years after CDA (p = 0.04). Preoperatively, the median NDI score was 3.00 (IQR 1.00–4.00) and after 10 years it was 1.00 (IQR 0.00–2.00), with a decrease in the NDI score by 1.00 point (95% CI 0.00–2.00, p = 0.04). For one-level CDA, the median NDI score was 3.00 (IQR 1.00–4.00) preoperatively but 1.00 (IQR 0.00–2.00) at 10 years, with an estimated reduction in the NDI score of 1 point (95% CI 1.00–2.00, p < 0.0001). For two-level CDA, the median NDI score was 3.00 (IQR 1.75–4.00) preoperatively and 1.00 (IQR 0.00–2.00) at 10 years, with an estimated reduction in the NDI score of 1 point (95% CI 1.00–2.00, p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
Headache relief provided by cervical CDA, for symptomatic C3–7 cervical spondylosis, was sustained even 10 years after surgery. There was no difference in headache improvement between the one- and two-level CDA groups, or among BMI, sex, race, and ethnicity strata.
Association between the upper instrumented vertebra screw angles and proximal junctional complications in patients with de novo degenerative lumbar scoliosis
Authors: Qiu Weipeng , Sun Zhuoran , Zhou Siyu , Han Gengyu , Chen Zimu , Zeng Yan , Yu Miao , Li Weishi 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) screw angles on proximal junctional complications in patients with de novo degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DNDLS).

METHODS
A total of 120 patients with DNDLS who underwent posterior long-segment instrumentation and fusion were included. Patients were divided into a proximal junctional kyphosis/failure (PJK/PJF) group and a non-PJK/PJF group. Radiographic parameters were measured, including UIV screw angle, UIV slope, UIV screw slope, fixed segmental angle (FSA), and spinopelvic parameters. Clinical and radiographic data were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of PJK/PJF. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the threshold value to predict PJK/PJF.

RESULTS
Thirty-six patients (30.0%) developed PJK or PJF during follow-up. Patients in the PJK/PJF group had a larger postoperative UIV screw angle, a larger postoperative UIV screw slope, and a larger postoperative PJA. A significant increase was observed in UIV screw angle from immediately postoperative assessment to the final follow-up in two groups (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that a larger positive postoperative UIV screw angle was an independent risk factor for PJK/PJF (OR 1.546, 95% CI 1.274–1.877). ROC curve analysis indicated that a UIV screw angle ≥ 1° is more likely to develop PJK/PJF. Compared with group A patients (UIV screw angle < 1°), group B patients (UIV screw angle ≥ 1°) had a higher incidence of PJK, PJF, UIV screw loosening, and worse functional scores at the final follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
Avoiding insertion of cranially directed UIV pedicle screws may help prevent the development of PJK and PJF in patients with DNDLS.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN RASIO KEUANGAN MEMPREDIKSI PERINGKAT OBLIGASI PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN PERIODE 2017-2021
Authors: Yuliani Reva , Utami Eristy Minda , Fatihat Gita Genia 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana peringkat obligasi dipengaruhi oleh variabel Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return On Asset (ROA), Non-Performing Loans Ratio (NPL) dan Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif melalui metode kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 8 Bank. Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) dan Non-Performing Loans Ratio (NPL) berpengaruh terhadap rating secara signifikan. Hasil uji f menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan terhadap peringkat obligasi. Hasil koefisien determinasi pada penelitian ini sebesar sebesar 64,5%, Sementara sisanya 35,5% dijelaskan oleh faktor lainya yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Деякі аспекти впровадження сучасних технологій буріння глибоких нафтових і газових свердловин (оглядова стаття)
Authors: Stefurak R. I. , Yaremiychuk R. S. 
Published: October 2023

Висвітлено історію буріння надглибоких свердловин (глибиною понад 6000 м) у світі та в Україні.В Україні найглибша і найдовша до сьогодні свердловина Шевченково-1 була пробурена ще в період СРСР до глибини 7522 м.Особливої уваги надано як бурінню таких свердловин державною компанією НАК “Нафтогаз України”, так і деякими приватними нафтогазовидобувними підприємствами, зокрема ТОВ “ДТЕК Нафтогаз”.В окремих випадках приватні структури забезпечують буріння надглибоких свердловин з кращими показниками, ніж державні бурові підприємства, які входять в структуру НАК “Нафтогаз України”. Вони досягають більших глибин і швидкостей буріння.ТОВ “ДТЕК Нафтогаз” досягнув цього за рахунок використання доліт PDC, обертання яких здійснювалося комбінованим способом від верхнього приводу та гвинтового двигуна.У 2017 р. пробурена і введена в експлуатацію найбільша продуктивна свердловина в Європі – св. 17 Семиренківського родовища глибиною 6750 м.В останні роки буровики НАК “Нафтогаз України” ефективно пробурили три надглибокі свердловини в Дніпровсько-Донецькій западині відповідно з глибинами 6040, 6100 та 6000 м.Викладено вимоги до проєктування глибоких свердловин. На думку авторів, проєкти буріння експлуатаційних свердловин мають складатися з двох частин, перша з яких передбачає забезпечення максимальної швидкості буріння, а друга – якісного розкриття продуктивних горизонтів.Описано вітчизняний досвід підготовки спеціалістів з нафтогазової інженерії у вишах України. Сформульовано вимоги до рівня знань викладачів цих вишів та акцентовано увагу на необхідності оволодіння новітніми технологіями працюючих фахівців.Отримані авторами висновки можуть сприяти покращенню стану справ з підготовки спеціалістів з нафтогазової інженерії та буріння в Україні та підвищенню ефективності робіт з буріння нафтових та газових свердловин на суші та на морі.
Дослідження процесів ретроградної конденсації важких вуглеводнів у привибійній зоні газоконденсатних свердловин
Authors: Matkivskyi S. V. 
Published: October 2023

Використовуючи основні інструменти цифрового моделювання на основі секторної 3D моделі, проведено дослідження з оптимізації процесів конденсації рідких вуглеводнів у привибійній зоні пласта. За результатами виконаних досліджень встановлено, що фільтраційно-ємнісні властивості порід-колекторів та технологічні параметри експлуатації видобувних свердловин значно впливають на радіус зони активної конденсації рідких вуглеводнів та насиченість порового простору. На основі результатів моделювання встановлено, що для проникності порід-колекторів на рівні 3 мД радіус привибійної зони, насиченої рідкими вуглеводнями, становить 16,5 м, для проникності 10 мД – 11 м, а для проникності 50 мД – 6,5 м. Насиченість порового простору сконденсованими вуглеводнями навколо стовбура свердловини при цьому дорівнює 34,1; 30,6 та 24,8 %, відповідно. Результати проведених досліджень свідчать про те, що чим менша проникність порід-колекторів, тим більші втрати рідких вуглеводнів. Для збільшення конденсатовіддачі родовищ необхідно вживати заходи щодо попередження випадіння конденсату в пластових умовах шляхом оптимізації розробки родовищ із забезпеченням рівномірного дренування покладів, активної дії на процес розробки, а саме – на пластовий тиск, температуру, склад пластової суміші та пористе середовище. Підвищення вуглеводневіддачі газоконденсатних родовищ в умовах, ускладнених ретроградними втратами вуглеводнів у процесі виснаження, можливе за рахунок впровадження вторинних технологій розробки, до яких відносять сайклінг-процес та інші технології підтримання пластового тиску. Інвестування у впровадження сучасних технологій розробки газоконденсатних родовищ України із високим вмістом конденсату в пластовому газі дозволить підвищити їх видобувні можливості та, відповідно, збільшити кінцеві коефіцієнти вуглеводневилучення.
Geometric properties of quantum entanglement and machine learning
Authors: Zuev S. V. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives. Fast data analysis based on hidden patterns is one of the main issues for adaptive artificial intelligence systems development. This paper aims to propose and verify a method of such analysis based on the representation of data in the form of a quantum state, or, alternatively, in the form of a geometric object in a space allowing online machine learning.Methods. This paper uses Feynman formalism to represent quantum states and operations on them, the representation of quantum computing in the form of quantum circuits, geometric transformations, topological classification, as well as methods of classical and quantum machine learning. The Python programming language is used as a development tool. Optimization tools for machine learning are taken from the SciPy module. The datasets for analysis are taken from open sources. Data preprocessing was performed by the method of mapping features into numerical vectors, then the method of bringing the data to the desired dimension was applied. The data was then displayed in a quantum state. A proprietary quantum computing emulator is used (it is in the public domain).Results. The results of computational experiments revealed the ability of very simple quantum circuits to classify data without optimization. Comparative indicators of classification quality are obtained without the use of optimization, as well as with its use. Experiments were carried out with different datasets and for different values of the dimension of feature spaces. The efficiency of the models and methods of machine learning proposed in the work, as well as methods of combining them into network structures, is practically confirmed.Conclusions. The proposed method of machine learning and the model of quantum neural networks can be used to create adaptive artificial intelligence systems as part of an online learning module. Free online optimization learning process allows it to be applied in data streaming, that is, adapting to changes in the environment. The developed software does not require quantum computers and can be used in the development of artificial intelligence systems in Python as imported modules.
DC/DC converter to power spectral lamps
Authors: Nikolshin M. Yu. , Frunze A. V. , Bityukov V. K. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives. The paper describes the creation of a DC/DC converter for powering hollow cathode lamps widely used currently as highly stable sources of spectral lines in spectral absorption analyzers and other applications. Typically, mains power supplies are used for such lamps, since installations using hollow cathode lamps are manufactured as stationary. However, there are no principal obstacles to manufacturing portable versions by simply substituting the power supply. However, special attention should in this case be paid to the power supply of the spectral lamp itself, since the amplitude stability of the radiation depends on the smoothness of its supply voltage. Therefore, the development of the pulse DC/DC converter with high efficiency and low rippling is a relevant and expedient problem.Methods. The set task is solved by methods of mathematical calculations, circuit simulation in LTSpice XVII сomputer-aided design system, and experimental verification.Results. The structural and principal electrical circuit of a prototype converter is developed on the basis of a topological analysis of pulse DC/DC converters, along with its calculations and simulation, and a printed circuit board. The developed autonomous high-voltage DC/DC converter has a low ripple level (~250 mV) of the output voltage (~491 V) at a load current of ~20 mA to ensure highly stable radiation.Conclusions. The possibility of obtaining a high voltage when using the topology of a step-up DC/DC converter with a choke is demonstrated. The experimental verification confirmed the correctness of calculations and modeling of a high-voltage DC/DC converter for powering hollow cathode spectral lamps.
Process Validation of Paracetamol tablet as per ICH guidelines
Authors: Bhatia Ritika , Goyal Rakesh , Agarwal Dilip 
Published: October 2023

Process validation is an integral part of pharmaceutical manufacturing, ensuring that tablets are consistently produced with quality and efficacy in line with regulatory requirements. The International Council for Harmonization ICH) provides guidelines for the systematic validation of manufacturing processes. This research article presents a comprehensive study on process validation for Paracetamol tablets following the ICH guidelines. The article focuses on various aspects of the validation process, including process design, qualification, and continued process verification, with specific emphasis on Paracetamol tablet manufacturing. Experimental studies were conducted to characterize the critical process parameters and assess their impact on the tablet's quality attributes. The article also discusses the use of statistical analysis techniques for data evaluation and demonstrates the establishment of a robust validation protocol for Paracetamol tablet manufacturing. Through the application of the ICH guidelines, this research contributes to ensuring the consistency and reliability of Paracetamol tablets, enhancing patient safety and meeting regulatory expectations.
Keywords: Process validation, ICH guidelines, Critical process parameters, Critical Process Attribution, Statistical analysis, and validation protocol;
A Case Series on Tens Nailing in Fracture Clavicle
Authors: Khavte Kiran P. , Khavte Rohan K. , Khavete Sandhya K. , Khavte Sampada 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: One of the most frequently fractured bones, the clavicle accounts for 2.6–4% of all fractures. 73% of these are displaced midshaft clavicular fractures, and 69 to 82% of these occur in the middle portion of the clavicle. For displaced clavicle fractures, including one with NV compromise and skin tenting, surgery has been recommended. Peroni published the first description of intramedullary treatment for clavicular fractures in 1950. The adoption of a TENS nail has benefits such as less soft tissue damage, a shorter surgical procedure, better cosmetic outcomes, load sharing fixation with relative stability, and abundant callus production.
Material and Methods: A prospective study of 20 patients who had TENS nailing treatment after presenting to our institute between January 2022 and June 2023 with displaced midshaft clavicle fractures was conducted. Constant Murley and DASH scores were completed for each patient at 6 and 12 weeks.
Results: All the patients achieved clinical and radiological union at a mean of 7.6 ± 2.89 weeks and 18.8 ± 5.87 weeks respectively.85% of the patient had excellent Constant Murley score on follow up. Based on the assessment parameters (Disability of Arm Shoulder and Hand) Score, the mean DASH score was 24.90 ± 3.21and16.45 ± 3.33at the end of 6 and 12 weeks respectively.
Conclusion: Midshaft clavicle fractures can be safely fixed intramedullarily utilising TENS, and in our experience, this procedure yields both good functional and aesthetic benefits.
Keywords: Clavicle, Intramedullary, Tens, Fracture
Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma in A Pregnant Female – A Case Report
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Singh Baljeet , Thakur Akshita Singh , Ohri Tanvi 
Published: October 2023

The gingiva is often the site of localized growths that are considered to be reactive rather than neoplastic in nature. Many of these lesions are difficult to be identified clinically and can be identified as specific entity only on the basis of typical and consistent histomorphology. Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is one of the inflammatory reactive hyperplasia of gingiva. It is a non-neoplastic entity, which occurs on the gingiva in response to trauma or irritation. A clinical report of a 26-year-old pregnant female with a large peripheral ossifying fibroma in the anterior maxilla showing significant growth is presented.
Keywords: Ossifying fibroma, pyogenic granuloma, trimester, osteogenesis, exostoses.
Patologías bucodentales más frecuentes en pacientes con diabetes mellitus y complicaciones durante el tratamiento odontológico. Revisión de literatura
Authors: Avilés Torres Eloy Benjamín , Andrade Molina Gloria Azucena , Gallegos Peralta María Cristina 
Published: October 2023

Introducción. La presente Revisión de literatura se ejecutó con el objetivo de analizar patologías dentales en pacientes diabéticos, y también, describir las distintas complicaciones que se pueden manifestar durante el tratamiento. Objetivo: Describir los distintos tipos de patologías bucodentales más prevalentes en pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Materiales y Métodos: El presente estudio tiene un enfoque, descriptivo, con una recopilación de datos que cuentan con información relevante a cerca de patologías bucodentales y diabetes, además, una búsqueda en bases digitales como, PubMed, MEDLINE, SciELO y Scopus con los términos “patologías dentales”, “diabetes”, “complicaciones de tratamientos”. Conclusiones: La salud oral es de suma importancia en los pacientes con diabetes mellitus, ya que presentan un alto riesgo de desarrollar patologías y lesiones dentales como la Periodontitis o Enfermedad Periodontal que es la patología que más presenta este tipo de paciente por la reducción de la producción de saliva y elevados niveles de azúcar en los tejidos dentales. Área de estudio general: Odontología. Área de estudio específica: Odontología General. Tipo de estudio: Revisión de literatura.
ACADEMIC WORKSHOP AND IT’S IMPACT ON LEARNING
Authors: Iqbal Haider  , Khan Muhammad Tariq , Manahil Saeed Khan  , Hifsa  , Reshael Saeed  , Saleem Saiqa 
Published: October 2023

Objectives: Academic workshops have drawn much interest as a potential instrument to improve medical education and fi ll the knowledge gap between theory and practice. This study investigates how academic workshops aff ect the learning of medical graduates.
Materials and Methods: This institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Khyber Medical College/Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar. A workshop on "Artifi cial Intelligence (AI)" was organized on May 17, 2023. A total of 25 workshop participants took part in this study. Ethical approval from the institute was granted for this study. The study duration was two months. Participants in our study comprised willing undergraduate medical students of Khyber Medical College (KMC), House offi cers (HO’s) of Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH) Peshawar, and Postgraduate (PG) trainees of KTH Peshawar. These participants have already enrolled themselves in this Artifi cial Intelligence workshop, organized as part of a prequel for the upcoming annual conference of the Pakistan Society of Physicians (PSP). Pre-test and post-test during this one-day workshop, and then an online evaluation after one month was conducted to determine the impact of this academic event; ANOVA and t-test were utilized for this purpose. All the pertinent data were recorded on R-Data analysis and were then analyzed accordingly.
Results: Out of 25 participants, there were 18 males and seven females. The baseline knowledge of medical undergraduates regarding artifi cial intelligence was better compared to that of HOs and PGs. This trend remained persistent in post-test evaluation. However, evaluation after one month showed a good learning impact on medical undergraduates and HO's. PG's documented a decline in their learning impact as evidenced by t-test, ANOVA, and posthoc analysis.
Conclusion: Academic workshops narrow the knowledge gap between practice and theory by integrating active learning methodologies, adhering to learning theories, and encouraging skill development. Motivation and practice are the key factors in this learning process.