bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing stress: the effects of coping strategies and job satisfaction in a sample of Australian nurses
Authors: Healy Christine M. , McKay Michael F. 
Published: March 2003

Nursing stress: the effects of coping strategies and job satisfaction in a sample of Australian nursesThe study reported in this paper examined relationships between nursing work‐related stressors and coping strategies, and their impact upon nurses’ levels of job satisfaction and mood disturbance. It was proposed that higher levels of perceived work stress and use of avoidance coping would increase mood disturbance, while problem‐focused coping would be associated with less mood disturbance. The study also aimed to explore the possible ‘buffering effects’ of using humour in coping with stress, and the effect of job satisfaction on the stress–mood relationship. The sample consisted of 129 qualified Australian nurses who volunteered to complete standardized questionnaires, including the Nursing Stress Scale, Ways of Coping Questionnaire, the Coping Humour Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale of the Nurse Stress Index, and the shortened version of the Profile of Mood States. Results revealed a significant positive relationship between nursing stress and mood disturbance, and a significant negative relationship between nursing stress and job satisfaction. The use of avoidance coping and the perception of work overload were found to be significant predictors of mood disturbance. No evidence was found to indicate that the use of humour had a moderating effect on the stress–mood relationship but there was support for the influence of job satisfaction upon this relationship. These results provided some support for a transactional model of stress since situational factors were found to influence the nurses’ coping and perceptions of stress.
Women’s ‘inner‐balance’: a comparison of stressors, personality traits and health problems by age groups
Authors: Kenney Janet W. 
Published: March 2003

Women’s ‘inner‐balance’: a comparison of stressors, personality traits and health problems by age groups The purposes of this descriptive study were to identify differences in women’s stressors, personality mediating traits and symptoms of health problems by age groups, and to guide revisions for development of a shorter, reliable questionnaire to measure women’s health and risks for stress‐related illnesses. A convenience sample of 299 women aged between 18 and 66 years who resided in the south‐western United States and could read English completed a lengthy questionnaire. ANOVAs were used to compare women by three age groups. Young women (18–29 years) reported high stressors, less healthy personality traits, and significantly more physical and emotional symptoms of health problems than middle‐age and older women. Middle‐age women (30–45 years) had significantly more stressors than other women, but their healthy personality traits may have contributed to fewer health problems. Older women (46–66 years) had the fewest stressors, highest healthy personality traits, and fewest symptoms of problems compared to other age groups. In their roles and relationships as wives, mothers and employees, women experienced multiple stressors such as inadequate physical and emotional support from their spouse/partner, along with parenting and employee difficulties that contributed to their health problems. Young and middle‐aged women were more stressed, juggling the multiple responsibilities and demands of their spouse, children, ageing parents, and their occupation, while trying to maintain their own ‘inner balance’.
Education and training consortia: leading the way for the new British NHS
Authors: Burke Linda M. 
Published: March 2003

Education and training consortia: leading the way for the new British NHS In November 1997 The New NHS — Modern,Dependable was published, describing the British Labour government’s plans to introduce major changes to the NHS (National Health Service). Education and Training Consortia (ETCs) were only briefly referred to and no direct changes were proposed to them. It can be argued that this was because they had not fitted well within the Conservative government’s competitive culture of the NHS internal market. Education Consortia members share information, make plans collectively and work collaboratively, activities much more appropriate for the ‘New NHS’ which is underpinned by the concepts of partnership, openness and local ownership. In this paper it is argued that there are many valuable lessons that the key individuals involved in implementing the policies of the New NHS can learn from Education and Training Consortia. Data have been drawn from a qualitative study in which the aim was to explore the development, implementation and management of consortia and contracting for non‐medical education and training (NMET) from a stakeholder’s perspective. One of the unexpected themes that emerged from the analysis of the data, was that the development of ETCs could be utilized as a model for many of the innovations in the New NHS, particularly in relation to the formation of primary care groups.
Enabling young ‘ventilator‐dependent’ people to express their views and experiences of their care in hospital
Authors: Noyes Jane 
Published: March 2003

Enabling young ‘ventilator‐dependent’ people to express their views and experiences of their care in hospital Discussion in this paper is drawn from a phenomenological study carried out in England describing the views and experiences of young ‘ventilator‐dependent’ people aged 6–18 years, regarding their health and social care, education, and aspirations for the future. This study presented many methodological and ethical challenges in order to elicit and present their views in a meaningful way. Data were elicited through focused face‐to‐face interviews with 18 young people. Innovative methods of data collection were used with younger children and those who had a range of communication impairments. In addition, family members of 15 young people were interviewed. Presentation of findings is limited to views and experiences of the young people’s care in hospitals. Findings reveal that a significant number of Articles in the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of the Child were not respected or upheld. Young ‘ventilator‐dependent’ people were discriminated against when trying to access health services because of their need for assisted ventilation. They were particularly excluded from making important decisions about their lives and were not always offered the full protection of the Children Act 1989 (England). Some young people were not able to maintain adequate contact with their families, first language, culture, nationality and religion. Almost all spent prolonged periods of time (in some cases years) in hospital when they no longer wanted or needed to be there. All those interviewed wanted to be discharged home far sooner. The generalizability of findings is unknown; however, important questions are posed in relation to nursing practice and research regarding the overall management of this group of young people. Issues include: respecting and upholding human rights; and challenging the boundaries of current nursing practice in order to move towards child‐centred, appropriate and effective models of care.
Researching children: issues arising from a phenomenological study with children who have diabetes mellitus
Authors: Miller Sue 
Published: March 2003

Researching children: issues arising from a phenomenological study with children who have diabetes mellitus In Britain the incidence of diabetes mellitus in children is increasing. These children are health care consumers and will continue to be throughout their lives. It is important that their views are sought regarding their health care condition. A phenomenological study was undertaken with six children aged 7–12 years regarding their experience of living with diabetes. This research highlighted several issues regarding the conduct of research with children. Access to children required negotiation with the ethics committee and the parents. It was also important to seek the consent of the children via the signing of a consent form, as well as an on‐going process throughout the conduct of the research. In addition, appropriate communication methods had to be utilized, acknowledging the age and abilities of individual children. The use of both verbal and non‐verbal communication skills were important, but the use of non‐verbal skills appeared to be the most significant. Researchers should not be bound by the supposed abilities of children and should take care not to underestimate the awareness and maturity that some children possess when addressing issues of concern to themselves. When given the opportunity, children were keen to express their views and were very articulate in doing so. There is much scope for future research studies seeking children’s perceptions about their health care condition.
Pedagogical implications of approaches to study in distance learning: developing models through qualitative and quantitative analysis
Authors: Carnwell Ros 
Published: March 2003

Pedagogical implications of approaches to study in distance learning: developing models through qualitative and quantitative analysis The need for flexibility in the delivery of nurse education has been identified by various initiatives including: widening the entry gate; continuous professional development; and the specialist practitioner. Access to degree level programmes is creating the need to acquire academic credit through flexible learning. The aim of this study was to further develop relationships between the need for guidance, materials design and learning styles and strategies and how these impact upon the construction of meaning. The study is based on interviews of 20 female community nurses purposively selected from the 96 respondents who had previously completed a survey questionnaire. The interviews were underpinned by theories relating to learning styles and approaches to study. Of particular concern was how these variables are mediated by student context, personal factors and materials design, to influence the need for support and guidance. The interview transcripts were first analysed using open and axial coding. Three approaches to study emerged from the data — systematic waders, speedy‐focusers and global dippers — which were linked to other concepts and categories. Categories were then assigned numerical codes and subjected to logistical regression analysis. The attributes of the three approaches to study, arising from both qualitative and quantitative analysis, are explained in detail. The pedagogical implications of the three approaches to study are explained by their predicted relationships to other variables, such as support and guidance, organization of study, materials design and role of the tutor. The global dipper approach is discussed in more detail due to its association with a variety of predictor variables, not associated with the other two approaches to study. A feedback model is then developed to explore the impact of guidance on the global dipper approach. The paper makes recommendations for guidance to students using different approaches to study in distance learning.
A description of the nursing role in stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Burton Christopher R. 
Published: March 2003

A description of the nursing role in stroke rehabilitation A theoretical description of the nursing role in stroke rehabilitation remains elusive in the literature. The United Kingdom strategy for health service development will increasingly require nurses from all clinical specialities to collaborate with other health care professionals and stakeholders to evaluate the services they provide. In stroke rehabilitation, an understanding of the contribution that nursing makes is essential, if that collaboration is to be effective. This paper details a study undertaken to describe the nature of the nursing role in stroke rehabilitation, and the factors that shape this role. A reflective enquiry was used to enable the collection of data grounded in the realities of clinical practice. Study participants were qualified nursing staff (n=13) working in a rehabilitation unit in the north‐west of England. A total of 35 in‐depth reflections were obtained for analysis. Three role categories were identified in the data: the nurse as care giver, facilitator of personal recovery and care manager. Sub‐categories of nursing intervention were identified within each category, together with anticipated outcomes and contextual features that shaped the category. The results of the study were verified by a purposive sample of nursing staff from the rehabilitation unit.
The health‐related quality of life of patients suffering from the late effects of polio (post‐polio)
Authors: Kling  , Persson  , Gardulf  
Published: March 2003

The health‐related quality of life of patients suffering from the late effects of polio (post‐polio) In Sweden alone, there are today approximately 10 000–16 500 polio survivors. Between 60% and 80% experience new symptoms several years after the initial attack of poliomyelitis. The aims of this study were to investigate and describe the self‐rated health‐related quality of life and functional status of a group of Swedish patients with post‐polio, to investigate whether any differences within the group could be related to demographic or disease‐specific data and to compare the post‐polio patients with individuals sampled from the general population. Data were obtained by using two questionnaires, the Swedish Health‐Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (SWED‐QUAL) and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). A total of 150 patients, 86 women and 64 men with median age 61 (20–82) years, were consecutively included. The study showed that the patients mainly reported that their physical, functional status was affected by their post‐polio condition. Factors found to be associated with the physical, functional status were age and the number of parts of the body affected by the polio. On comparing the post‐polio patients with two samples from the Swedish general population, it was found that the patients reported a poorer functional status and health‐related quality of life. The women with post‐polio reported more pain, as compared with both the men with post‐polio and the women in the general population sample. The family life of the patients — in contrast to their physical abilities — did not seem to be affected by the new deteriorating condition. It is concluded that, owing to the wide range of symptoms, the patients with post‐polio need care and support from multidisciplinary teams, including nurses and occupational therapists.
Developing a concept analysis of control for use in child and adolescent mental health nursing
Authors: Croom Susan , Procter Susan , Couteur Ann Le 
Published: March 2003

Developing a concept analysis of control for use in child and adolescent mental health nursing The need to help children and young people with significant mental health problems develop a sense of personal control in their everyday lives, in a manner which does not endanger themselves or others, was recognized by nurse practitioners working in an English regional multidisciplinary child and adolescent mental health residential unit. A concept analysis of control was undertaken and used to develop a framework for analysing control. This deductive framework was modified iteratively by nurses who developed new knowledge from a qualitative exploration of current practice and the application of the evolving framework to practice problems. The paper describes this process and highlights three main findings: (i) the evolving attributes of the concept analysis helped nurses steer a course through the complexities of practice; (ii) the research highlighted and enabled nurses to confront the paradoxical nature of control; (iii) the process enabled nurses to recognize the mutuality of feelings aroused simultaneously when both the nurse and the child are challenged to maintain personal control.
Feeling of ‘lacking’ as the core of envy: a conceptual analysis of envy
Authors: Maijala Hanna , Munnukka Terttu , Nikkonen Merja 
Published: March 2003

Feeling of ‘lacking’ as the core of envy: a conceptual analysis of envy The aim of this paper is to explore the subjective experience of envy through concept analysis. Further, the study on which it is based aimed to answer questions about the composition and manifestations of envy. From the viewpoint of nursing science, the analysis of envy is based on a desire to understand human beings from the perspective of subjective health and illness and thus from a health promotion perspective. Envy is conceived of as a dimension of a person’s health and illness. The concept is therefore meaningful from the viewpoint of nursing; it describes a phenomenon which enables us to deepen our understanding in a way relevant to nursing science. In the study the hybrid model developed by Schwartz‐Barcott et al. was used for conceptual elaboration. In the theoretical phase of the study the subjective experience of envy was explored from the viewpoints of philosophy, religion, Finnish folklore and psychoanalysis, as well as nursing science. As a synthesis of these, a conceptual analysis of envy adapted from Wilson was conducted and a working definition of envy was proposed. In the fieldwork phase, envy was examined by means of an empirical analysis using a phenomenological approach. As a result, a classification describing the experience of envy was presented. The core experience of envy has been defined as a ‘lacking’, and the object of envy as something good possessed by someone else. Envy manifests itself in both destructiveness and creativity. The trends of development of envy are inflexibility and emancipation, and the essence of envy is multidimensional. Finally, the working definition of the concept was elaborated on the basis of the empirical phase and a new definition reflecting the composition and manifestations of envy was proposed.
Frequency of and indications for wholly compensatory nursing care related to enteral food intake: a secondary analysis of the Belgium National Nursing Minimum Data Set
Authors: Evers Georges , Viane Annemie , Sermeus Walter , Simoens‐De Smet Anita , Delesie Luc 
Published: March 2003

Frequency of and indications for wholly compensatory nursing care related to enteral food intake: a secondary analysis of the Belgium National Nursing Minimum Data Set This study describes the frequency of and indications used for total feeding assistance and tube feeding in a national representative sample of Belgian hospital patients (n = 421 314). Data from the 1990 national minimum nursing data registration was used. Orem’s self‐care model was used to describe and categorize types of nursing care and related indications. The scope of wholly compensatory nursing care was limited to total feeding assistance and tube feeding. This type of nursing care is indicated when self‐care agency is undeveloped or cannot be used and when self‐care demands are significantly increased. Based on review of the literature, hypotheses to indicate nursing care were formulated and tested. Wholly compensatory nursing care related to enteral food intake is given to 14·4% of the total patient population in Belgian hospitals. If self‐care demand increases due to malnutrition, then this is an indication for total feeding assistance. If self‐care agency decreases due to blindness, mental retardation, disorientation or upper extremity dysfunction, then this is also an indication for total feeding assistance. If self‐care agency decreases due to impaired chewing, then this is an indication for tube feeding. This study has generated the first representative national nursing statistics about total feeding assistance and tube feeding in hospitals.
Late adolescent female smoking
Authors: Seguire Marilyn , Chalmers Karen I. 
Published: March 2003

Late adolescent female smoking Although there have been intense efforts to reduce the prevalence of cigarette smoking in the past three decades, smoking continues to be a critical public health problem. An area of particular concern is the increasing number of young women who are smoking. Gender specific research usually does not examine factors affecting smoking behaviours. Information on late adolescent female smoking is not readily found in the literature. The aims of this study were to explore the smoking patterns and processes of late adolescent females and to explore factors which may or may not be helpful in assisting them to stop smoking. A qualitative ethnographic approach was used to uncover the perceptions of 25 adolescent girls of their behaviour. Data were collected using tape‐recorded semi‐structured interviews and a questionnaire. Items for the questionnaire were derived from the Manitoba Youth Smoking Survey and from the Fagerstrorn Nicotine Tolerance Scale. Qualitative analysis resulted in four stories about smoking: the start story, the smoking story, the quit story, and the looking to the future story. Although many of the findings are congruent with the existing literature, much of the data reflected the purposive nature of smoking in late adolescent girls. Study findings support the need for holistic approaches to health promotion to ameliorate factors affecting smoking behaviour.
Caring for adolescent females with anorexia nervosa: registered nurses’ perspective
Authors: King Susan J. , Turner De Sales 
Published: March 2003

Caring for adolescent females with anorexia nervosa: registered nurses’ perspectives This phenomenological study was undertaken to explore in depth the experiences of registered nurses caring for adolescent anorexic females within paediatric wards of general hospitals in Victoria, Australia. A qualitative design underpinned by the philosophy of Edmund Husserl was employed for this study. Audio taped in‐depth interviews with five registered nurses working within the public health care system were conducted. Using Colaizzi’s procedural steps of analysis, six themes of meaning were explicated. They were: (a) personal core values of nurses; (b) core values challenged; (c) emotional turmoil; (d) frustration; (e) turning points; and (f) resolution. These themes, when taken together, described the essence of the journey undertaken by registered nurses who cared for adolescent anorexic females. The findings of this study indicated that there is a need for extensive registered nurse preparation, on‐going support, and development of education programmes to enable registered nurses to care for these patients with greater understanding. Further, the participants identified the need for new care regimes and protocols to be developed that incorporated new ways of thinking. They also expressed a desire to be have greater involvement in the planned care of their patients.
Spousal perspective of Parkinson’s disease in middle life
Authors: Habermann Barbara 
Published: March 2003

Spousal perspective of Parkinson’s disease in middle lifeAn interpretive study in America explored the experience of living with a partner who has Parkinson’s disease (PD) in middle life. Challenges experienced by eight spouses and their ways of coping with these challenges were examined. The convenience sample of five wives and three husbands were 44–58 years and had been married 4 months to 30 years. Spouses described the most significant challenges as watching their partner struggle and be frustrated; and renegotiating their lives. The coping strategies most frequently used were maintaining their own life, encouraging their partner to stay active and involved, and seeing the challenges they experienced as secondary. The context of living with a partner with Parkinson’s disease is illuminated and strategies that spouses find most effective in coping with their partners illness are identified.