bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social media platforms’ responses to COVID-19-related mis- and disinformation: the insufficiency of self-governance
Authors: Warnke Lina , Maier Anna-Lena , Gilbert Dirk Ulrich 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe spread of mis- and disinformation on social media platforms is a significant societal threat. During the COVID-19 pandemic, mis- and disinformation played an important role in counteracting public health efforts. In this article, we explore how the three most relevant social media platforms, Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter, design their (IT) self-governance as a response to COVID-19-related mis- and disinformation, and provide explanations for the limited scope of their responses. Exploring the under-researched connection between the operating principles of social media platforms and their limited measures against mis- and disinformation, we address a relevant research gap in the extant literature on digital platforms and self-governance, particularly the role of IT governance (ITG), providing the ground for our argument against an overreliance on self-governance. In our qualitative study that draws on publicly available documents, we find that the shortcomings of current responses to mis- and disinformation are partly due to the complex nature of mis- and disinformation, as well as the wider political and societal implications of determining online content’s factuality. The core problem, however, is grounded in the current overreliance on self-governance. We argue for an enhanced dialogue and collaboration between social media platforms and their relevant stakeholders, especially governments. We contribute to the growing ITG literature and debate about platforms’ roles and responsibilities, supporting the intensifying calls for governmental regulation.
Two is better than one: longitudinal detection and volumetric evaluation of brain metastases after Stereotactic Radiosurgery with a deep learning pipeline
Authors: Hammer Yonny , Najjar Wenad , Kahanov Lea , Joskowicz Leo , Shoshan Yigal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Close MRI surveillance of patients with brain metastases following Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) treatment is essential for assessing treatment response and the current disease status in the brain. This follow-up necessitates the comparison of target lesion sizes in pre- (prior) and post-SRS treatment (current) T1W-Gad MRI scans. Our aim was to evaluate SimU-Net, a novel deep-learning model for the detection and volumetric analysis of brain metastases and their temporal changes in paired prior and current scans.

Methods
SimU-Net is a simultaneous multi-channel 3D U-Net model trained on pairs of registered prior and current scans of a patient. We evaluated its performance on 271 pairs of T1W-Gad MRI scans from 226 patients who underwent SRS. An expert oncological neurosurgeon manually delineated 1,889 brain metastases in all the MRI scans (1,368 with diameters > 5 mm, 834 > 10 mm). The SimU-Net model was trained/validated on 205 pairs from 169 patients (1,360 metastases) and tested on 66 pairs from 57 patients (529 metastases). The results were then compared to the ground truth delineations.

Results
SimU-Net yielded a mean (std) detection precision and recall of 1.00±0.00 and 0.99±0.06 for metastases > 10 mm, 0.90±0.22 and 0.97±0.12 for metastases > 5 mm of, and 0.76±0.27 and 0.94±0.16 for metastases of all sizes. It improves lesion detection precision by 8% for all metastases sizes and by 12.5% for metastases < 10 mm with respect to standalone 3D U-Net. The segmentation Dice scores were 0.90±0.10, 0.89±0.10 and 0.89±0.10 for the above metastases sizes, all above the observer variability of 0.80±0.13.

Conclusion
Automated detection and volumetric quantification of brain metastases following SRS have the potential to enhance the assessment of treatment response and alleviate the clinician workload.
Examining the Determinants of Poland’s Middle Class Life Satisfaction
Authors: Szczepaniak Małgorzata 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent works suggest that the increasing income inequalities decreased the middle class size and threatened life satisfaction (LS). However, no such studies link LS with middle-income class problems. The present study aims to fill this gap and characterize LS across the middle-income class in Poland. The main novelties are the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) to measure LS of the middle-income class in Poland and the methodological approach based on classification-regression trees (CART) to identify the determinants of LS. The analysis is conducted on the new database obtained from the survey of members of the middle-income class in Poland divided into three subgroups: the lower-middle-income class, the mid-income middle class, and the higher-middle-income class. For comparison, the low-income and high-income classes were also considered. Based on the SWLS results, relatively low diversity in middle-income class LS was identified. However, the inter-class comparison revealed that LS increased with belonging to a higher income class. The CART results support the primary importance of economic conditions such as, for instance, wealth and the level of savings in determining the middle-income class LS and show that their effect depends on their characteristics like professional status.
Neue Lokal- und Systemtherapien bei Epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Prodinger Christine , Laimer Martin 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungEpidermolysis bullosa (EB) bezeichnet eine seltene, heterogene Gruppe von Genodermatosen, charakterisiert durch eine gesteigerte Fragilität von Haut und Schleimhaut. Mit zunehmender Aufklärung der molekularen Pathophysiologie haben sich in den letzten Jahren sämtliche lokale und systemische Therapieansätze in klinischen Studien etabliert. Ein bedeutender Meilenstein ist die Zulassung der FDA für die topische Gentherapie Beremagene Geperpavec (B-VEC) zur Behandlung chronischer Wunden bei dystropher EB mit Mutationen im COL7A1-Gen. Diese Therapie basiert auf modifizierten HSV-1-Vektoren, um funktionales COL7A1 in die Hautzellen zu übertagen. In einer Phase-3-Studie zeigten sich etwa drei Viertel der chronischen Wunden nach 3 Monaten komplett verschlossen, im Vergleich zu 20 % in der Placebogruppe. Klinische Studien mit RNA-basierten Therapien, wie medikamentös induzierte PTC-Readthrough und zellbasierten Therapien wie ABCB5+ mesenchymale Stammzellen zeigen Potenzial für weiteren Einsatz. Durch das 2022 speziell für EB zugelassene Filsuvez® Gel (Oleogel S‑10, Chiesi, Wien) und das topische Vitamin-D-Analogon Calcipotriol kann die Wundheilung verbessert werden, während TGF-β-Inhibitoren, z. B. Losartan, die EB-assoziierte Fibrose adressieren. Biologika wie Dupilumab, JAK- und mTOR-Inhibitoren erweitern das therapeutische Armamentarium. Immuntherapien gelten aktuell als First-line-Therapie für aggressive EB assoziierte Plattenepithelkarzinome und werden neben Multikinase-Inhibitoren (Rigosertib) in Studien untersucht. Zukünftig könnten auch MikroRNA sowohl in der Frühdiagnostik als auch topisch zur Reduktion der Tumoraggressivität eingesetzt werden. Insgesamt markieren diese Entwicklungen einen bedeutsamen Fortschritt in der therapeutischen Landschaft von EB und vermitteln Hoffnung für Betroffene und Angehörige.
Facile synthesis and physical properties of magnesium dititanate nanoparticles for antibacterial applications
Authors: Elnobi Sahar , Abuelwafa Amr Attia , Abd El-sadek M. S. , Wasly H. S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe modified aqueous co-precipitation approach was used to successfully manufacture magnesium dititanate (MgTi2O5) nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC) was used to clearly reveal the thermal stability. Moreover, pseudobrookite structure, and surface morphology of MgTi2O5 nanoparticles were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques, respectively. The average size of the crystallites calculated by Scherer approach was compared to Williamson-Hall and TEM images results. The optical band gap of MgTi2O5 nanoparticles was found to be 3.81 eV for direct transitions. The effect of temperature on the conductivity of DC electricity was tested between the rages 303–503 K. The data on antibacterial activity showed that MgTi2O5 nanoparticles were antimicrobial and stopped the test microorganisms from growing. These findings revealed that MgTi2O5 will be extensively promising in environmental pollution control and antibacterial research.
Heritage buildings management: the role of situational awareness and cyber-physical systems
Authors: Nota Giancarlo , Petraglia Gennaro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSafeguarding and conservation of cultural heritage is an important issue that requires both theoretical knowledge and practical implementation to effectively protect this valuable asset. In recent years, new technologies have enabled the development of advanced monitoring and control systems that can provide more precise and timely information about the condition of heritage buildings. Additionally, these systems can collect and analyze a large amount of data, allowing decision-makers to make informed decisions regarding maintenance and other management processes. With a situational awareness model proposed for heritage building conservation as a starting point, this work outlines how the design and implementation of a cyber-physical system to support conservation processes can be done. The model combines decisional processes that involve both humans and automated systems and can be used as a guideline for the realization of decision support systems for the management of heritage buildings. The paper provides a case study describing the steps for the realization of a cyber-physical system for automated monitoring and control at the Royal Palace of Carditello, a prominent cultural attraction in Italy.
A bibliometric and visualized in oral microbiota and cancer research from 2013 to 2022
Authors: Gu Zhiyu , Liu Yunkun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNumerous studies have highlighted the implication of oral microbiota in various cancers. However, no bibliometric analysis has been conducted on the relationship between oral microbiota and cancer. This bibliometric analysis aimed to identify the research hotspots in oral microbiota and cancer research, as well as predict future research trends. The literature published relating to oral microbiota and cancer was searched from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC) from 2013 to 2022. VOSviewer or Citespace software was used to perform the bibliometric analysis, focusing on countries, institutions, authors, journals, keywords and references. A total of 1516 publications were included in the analysis. The number of publications related oral microbiota and cancer increased annually, reaching its peak in 2022 with 287 papers. The United States (456) and China (370) were the countries with the most publications and made significant contributions to the field. Sears CL and Zhou XD were the most productive authors. The high frequency of keywords revealed key topics, including cancer (colorectal cancer, oral cancer), oral microbiota (Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis), and inflammation (periodontal disease). The latest trend keywords were F. nucleatum, dysbiosis, prognosis, tumor microenvironment, gastric microbiota, complications and survival, suggesting a new hotspot in the field of oral microbiota and cancer. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of oral microbiota and cancer research, revealing an increase in publications in recent years. Future research directions will continue to focus on the diversity of oral microbiota impacted by cancers and the underlying mechanism connecting them, providing new ideas for targeted therapy of tumorigenesis.
Semantics of Belief Change Operators for Intelligent Agents
Authors: Sauerwald Kai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper summarises several contributions to the theory of belief change by the authors’ dissertation thesis. First, a relational characterization of belief revision for Tarskian logics is considered, encompassing first-order predicate logic, description logic, modal logics and many monotonic logics with model-theoretic semantics. Those logics where total preorders are the standard semantics for revision are characterized. The second contribution considered is a theory of belief revision that builds upon the idea that agents are limited in what the outcome of a revision is. Furthermore, advancements in principles for iterated belief contraction given in the thesis are outlined.
Decision Quality and Errors in Content Moderation
Authors: Schwemer Sebastian Felix 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn certain instances, algorithmic content moderation by online platforms is a process with binary outcomes: those that are “right” and those that are “wrong”. And, in a copyright content moderation context, this binary nature, in principle, holds true: the ultimate question is simply, “Is this content illegal?” However, some content moderation decisions are more straightforward than others that require more robust assessment, whether by domain experts, or even the courts. This article explores the relationship between errors in content moderation decision-making and decision quality, as well as how errors are addressed in the Digital Services Act and the Directive on copyright in the Digital Single Market.
Removal of Congo red dye by electrochemical advanced oxidation process: optimization, degradation pathways, and mineralization
Authors: Mansour Dorsaf , Alblawi Eman , Alsukaibi Abdulmohsen Khalaf Dhahi , Al Shammari Basmah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe degradation of Congo red dye has been studied by electrochemical advanced oxidation process based on the generation of powerful oxidizing agents especially hydroxyl radicals ·OH. In this study, the effect of several experimental parameters, such as pH, ferrous ion concentration, electrolyte support concentration and current intensity, on the process was investigated. The experimental design of Doehlert was applied to determine the optimum conditions of three factors, namely current intensity, initial Fe2+ concentration and electrolysis time for the Congo red removal. The relationship of response to experimental variables was represented graphically by the construction of the two-dimensional iso-response contour plots and those indicated that 360 mA, 19 mM Fe2+ and 30 min reaction time were optimal under 50 mM Na2SO4 at pH 3, leading to a total Congo red degradation. A quadratic polynomial model was determined and its statistical significance was verified through the variance analysis, which indicated that the proposed model was statistically meaningful and convenient for the results prediction. The mineralization of Congo red under the obtained optimum conditions was examined and the results showed a high TOC removal rate (81.1%) after 300 min of reaction time. Finally, a plausible degradation pathway was suggested.
Making Sense of Projects—Developing Project Portfolio Management Capabilities
Authors: Ahlemann Frederik , Bergan Peder , Karger Erik , Greulich Malte , Reining Stefan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProject management and project portfolio management (PPM) foster competitiveness by facilitating the implementation of organizational strategy. Although organizations often struggle to develop PPM capabilities, the academic community does not have an in-depth understanding of the conditions for successfully developing these capabilities. In response, we conducted a multiple-case study with 50 interviewees to develop a theoretical model of the PPM capability-building process. This model is built on the notion of organizational sensemaking and identifies aspects that comprehensively explain why it usually takes so long to develop PPM capabilities. We conceptualize the PPM capability-building process as one that is strongly influenced by (1) the effects of structural rearrangements, (2) the appropriate use of external resources during that process, (3) the role of executive support and legitimization, (4) episodes of regression, and (5) the need for internalization and habitualization. In addition, we provide starting points for explaining organizational capability building in more general terms.
Water desalination using PV panels based on boiling and evaporation
Authors: Iskander John , Shihimi Othman , El Mahallawy Nahed , Abd-Elhady M. S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe annual share of water in Egypt has decreased to approximately 500 m3 per capita, while the annual water scarcity level is 1000 m3 per capita, which indicates that Egyptians are at a high risk of living. A domestic desalination unit based on solar energy was designed, built, and tested to solve this problem in remote areas that do not have access to fresh water or electricity but have access to salty water. The desalination unit has a new design that depends on boiling salty water using photovoltaic solar cells and then condensing the water vapor through a heat exchanger to obtain freshwater. This new design has not been implemented before and can compete with the solar stills used for domestic applications. The output of the developed unit was compared to those of passive and active solar stills that have been developed and built. The new desalination design produced almost the same amount of daily fresh water, 4 Liter/day, compared to the other solar stills (2–4.75 Liter/day), but the cost per unit volume of the new design, 31 $/m3, is less by 30% compared to the best performing solar still, 44.55 $/m3, which produces only 2 Liter/day. The price of the distilled water produced by the new design was 75% lower than the market price at the time of conducting the experiments. Converting a Solar still from a passive system, that is, operating only during sunlight, to an active system operating day and night improves the water productivity rate. However, this is not feasible because of the added accessories that increase the initial cost, consequently increasing the cost of desalination.
Antioxidant and anti-glycation activity of eight Moroccan honeys from different botanical origins
Authors: Lakhmili Houssam , Warda Karima , El-Abbassi Abdelilah , Hafidi Abdellatif 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEight monofloral honey samples from different botanical and geographical origins in the central and eastern parts of Morocco were examined for their phenolic composition, capacity to scavenge free radicals, and ability to inhibit advanced glycation end–products. According to the melissopalynological analysis, the examined honey samples were considered to be natural honeys, and were classified as monofloral with very frequent pollen grains characteristic of each types of the selected Moroccan honey samples: Zantaz (Bupleurum sp.), fennel, thistle, eucalyptus, spurge, thyme, jujube, and carob. Our results showed that the average moisture content varied from 16.3 ± 0.1% to 19.9 ± 0.1%, and the mean color intensity ranged from 30.94 ± 7.42 to 166.9 ± 6.43 mm Pfund. The highest total phenolic content recorded was 163.83 ± 1.84 mg of gallic acid equivalent per kg, while the highest flavonoid content was 84.44 ± 1.20 mg of catechin equivalent per kg. Zantaz honey exhibited potent antioxidant capacity, as demonstrated by ABTS, DPPH, β-carotene bleaching, FRAP, and ORAC assays. The most significant results were obtained for the ORAC test, with the highest ORAC value of 4.65 mM Trolox equivalent per gram was recorded for Zantaz honey extract. HPLC–DAD analysis revealed different polyphenolic profiles, which can be attributed to differences in floral origin. Furthermore, our study revealed that the extracts of thistle honey, fennel honey, and Zantaz honey were the most effective glycation inhibitors, with the highest inhibition percentage of 96% obtained for the thistle honey extract.
Contested Autonomy: Black Denominational Debates in the Early Jim Crow Era
Authors: Harper Matthew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs Black church leaders decried the arrival of Jim Crow segregation, many also celebrated the racial independence of their churches. They touted advancements such as women's ordination as examples of what Black churches could do when freed from white control. Other Black ministers defended remaining in majority-white denominations as a way to abolish the color line. This article argues that scholars miss much about Black religious history if we assume that Black churches’ resistance to racial subjugation started with a settled and uncontested racial autonomy. On the contrary, Black churches throughout the nineteenth century kept open a lively forum about the virtues and vices of such autonomy. Interracial cooperation often undermined Black autonomy, and Black Christians debated which better countered racial caste. To track the heated debates over racial independence and interracial cooperation within and between Black churches, this article analyzes Black newspapers, sermons, church minutes, and letters, mostly among Black Methodists but also among Black Baptists and Presbyterians throughout the late nineteenth century. It focuses on particular debates surrounding women's ordination, attempts to unite Methodists, and conflicts over Baptist education.
Between race and animality: European borders, ‘colonial dogs’, and the policing of humanity
Authors: Brito Tarsis 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Europe’s (post-)colonial borders have been recently marked by a profusion of cases of violence against racialised migrants with the use of police dogs, following a continual process of integration of canines into the border apparatus of violence. Engaging simultaneously with the recent post-colonial literature on border and migration security and the incipient domain of animal studies, this article investigates the colonial and racial origins and effects of this phenomenon. Contextualising the weaponisation of dogs at Europe’s borders today within a much longer history of racial violence, the article shows how canines have been systematically deployed by colonial and white supremacist powers against racialised bodies as tools to enact and secure racial order. Attentive to the ways in which modern humanness has been predicated upon its removal from the food chain, the article argues that the use of police dogs at Europe’s borders operates by reinforcing the non- or less-than-human status of racialised migrants by marking them as ‘animal-like’ and ‘edible’ bodies. Conceptualising this method as ‘the politics of edibility’, the article then shows how the exposure of migrants to the threat of ‘dog bites’ functions as a form of reinforcing racial hierarchies in a Europe traversed by racial anxieties.
Non‐Thermal Oxygen Escape on Mars in the Presence of Gravity Waves
Authors: Gu Hao , Cui Jun , Wang Xing , Huang Xu , Zhao Jin‐Jin , Wu Zhao‐Peng , Li Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtensive measurements made over the past two decades have indicated the widespread and frequent occurrence of gravity waves in the atmosphere of Mars. Gravity waves are able to significantly modify the atmospheric structure and potentially affect atmospheric escape. This study is devoted to examining the hot O escape variability on Mars in the presence of gravity waves with the aid of the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation and the multi collision model as well as the multi‐instrument MAVEN data set. Our calculations suggest that the hot O escape probability tends to be enhanced or suppressed in the presence of gravity waves near the Martian exobase and the impacts vary substantially with the ejection angle and nascent energy of hot O, and gravity wave characteristics. Further study indicates that although gravity waves play a negligible role in the averaged hot O escape probability, they are able to enhance hot O escape flux by 20% via altering the hot O production rate rather. Since gravity waves are omnipresent on any planetary body with a permanent atmosphere, they are expected to affect the non‐thermal escape on solar system and extrasolar bodies.