bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐invasive sampling reveals low mitochondrial genetic diversity for an island endemic species: The critically endangered Grenada Dove Leptotila wellsi
Authors: Peters Catherine , Geary Matthew , Hosie Charlotte , Nelson Howard , Rusk Bonnie , Muir Anna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs an island endemic with a decreasing population, the critically endangered Grenada Dove Leptotila wellsi is threatened by accelerated loss of genetic diversity resulting from ongoing habitat fragmentation. Small, threatened populations are difficult to sample directly but advances in molecular methods mean that non‐invasive samples can be used. We performed the first assessment of genetic diversity of populations of Grenada Dove by (a) assessing mtDNA genetic diversity in the only two areas of occupancy on Grenada, (b) defining the number of haplotypes present at each site and (c) evaluating evidence of isolation between sites. We used non‐invasively collected samples from two locations: Mt Hartman (n = 18) and Perseverance (n = 12). DNA extraction and PCR were used to amplify 1751 bps of mtDNA from two mitochondrial markers: NADH dehydrogenase 2 (ND2) and Cytochrome b (Cyt b). Haplotype diversity (h) of 0.4, a nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.00023 and two unique haplotypes were identified within the ND2 sequences; a single haplotype was identified within the Cyt b sequences. Of the two haplotypes identified, the most common haplotype (haplotype A = 73.9%) was observed at both sites and the other (haplotype B = 26.1%) was unique to Perseverance. Our results show low mitochondrial genetic diversity and clear evidence for genetically isolated populations. The Grenada Dove needs urgent conservation action, including habitat protection and potentially augmentation of gene flow by translocation in order to increase genetic resilience and diversity with the ultimate aim of securing the long‐term survival of this critically endangered species.
Participatory energy futures as decision support on subnational scales
Authors: Copeland Claire 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper argues the case for participatory exploratory energy futures development to assist net zero emissions decision making on subnational scales (local and regional authorities, communities, and neighbourhoods). There are many challenges for net zero decision making on subnational scales in the United Kingdom including a lack of statutory responsibility and societal consent for the local transformation required, and no allocation of emissions reduction to meet the national net zero emissions legislated target in aggregate. Participatory exploratory energy futures can contribute to addressing these challenges and support local decision making. This is by exploring diverse possible futures and understanding the capacity for local climate change mitigation. Participatory exploratory energy futures can act too as a seeding strategy for wider debates on a preferred local future. A framework for participatory exploratory energy futures using the 2 × 2 matrix method is proposed. It is envisaged that these exercises would be complementary to other activities on subnational scales such as climate assemblies or ‘mini‐publics’. Local electoral cycles and a lack of statutory responsibility can lead to there being a focus on implementing mini‐public recommendations that are feasible in the near term. The participatory exploratory futures developed explore possibilities for the local energy system and how it may evolve in a holistic manner not just in the near term but the longer term. When local policy and decision making is recognised as aligning with the desired rather than undesired future, this can motivate all in the herculean efforts to avoid dangerous levels of climate change.
Sustaining business as usual or enabling transformation? A discourse analysis of climate change mitigation policy in Swedish municipalities
Authors: Andersson Malin , Gyberg Veronica Brodén 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article explores how discourses may influence the potential for success in mitigating climate change in Swedish municipalities. We identify dominant discourses in climate change mitigation policy in three Swedish municipalities using argumentative discourse analysis, based on policy documents and interviews as empirical material. Political leadership and adequate organizational preconditions are necessary for working with climate change mitigation in municipalities, but the role of discourse is also significant. Policy discourse constructs preconditions for certain scenarios while rendering others less likely. Previous studies have shown that the ecological modernization (EM) discourse tends to be dominant, something which this study confirms and investigates further. We find that the dominant discourse is strong EM, which largely considers it possible to decouple economic growth and environmental problems through renewable energy and technology. A focus on collaboration between stakeholders is central and a global climate justice perspective is present to some extent. Potential solutions that are not related to the market or technological innovation risk being rendered invisible when this discourse is dominant, but the inclusion of a diversity of actors and an increased focus on climate justice could potentially minimize this risk. Finally, emerging discourses around transformation and circular economy have potential to enable the forging of new paths. This depends, however, on how these concepts are framed and how they are used.
Charge storage performance of a structurally flexible hybrid ionic liquid electrolyte
Authors: Tatrari Gaurav , Bhowmick Sourav , Filippov Andrei , An Rong , Shah Faiz Ullah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical and charge storage performance of a fluorine‐free structurally flexible hybrid pyrrolidinium‐based ionic liquid electrolyte (HILE) in a symmetric graphite‐based supercapacitor is thoroughly investigated. The HILE revealed thermal decomposition at above 230°C, a glass transition (Tg) temperature of below −70°C, and ionic conductivity of 0.16 mS cm−1 at 30°C. The chemical and electrochemical properties are investigated using a systematic variable temperature 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy and diffusometry, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and galvanostatic charge‐discharge (GCD). The supercapacitor demonstrated a notable specific capacitance of 186 F g−1 at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1 and a specific capacitance of 122 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. The maximum energy density of 48.8 Wh kg−1, a power density of 450 W kg−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, and a potential window of 4 V were obtained. Altogether, this study demonstrates that the new HILE can be used in symmetric graphite‐based supercapacitors over a wide potential window of 4 V and a temperature range from −20°C to 90°C.
Ion cocktail therapy for myocardial infarction by synergistic regulation of both structural and electrical remodeling
Authors: Que Yumei , Shi Jiaxin , Zhang Zhaowenbin , Sun Lu , Li Hairu , Qin Xionghai , Zeng Zhen , Yang Xiao , Chen Yanxin , Liu Chong , Liu Chang , Sun Shijie , Jin Qishu , Zhang Yanxin , Li Xin , Lei Ming , Yang Chen , Tian Hai , Tian Jiawei , Chang Jiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Few drugs hold the ability to depress cardiac electrical and structural remodeling simultaneously after MI, which is crucial for the treatment of MI. The aim of this study is to investigate an effective therapy to improve both electrical and structural remodeling of the heart caused by MI. Here, an “ion cocktail therapy” is proposed to simultaneously reverse cardiac structural and electrical remodeling post‐MI in rats and minipigs by applying a unique combination of silicate, strontium (Sr) and copper (Cu) ions due to their specific regulatory effects on the behavior of the key cells involved in MI including angiogenesis of endothelial cells, M2 polarization of macrophages and apoptosis of cardiomyocyte. The results demonstrate that ion cocktail treatment attenuates structural remodeling post‐MI by ameliorating infarct size, promoting angiogenesis in both peri‐infarct and infarct areas. Meantime, to some extent, ion cocktail treatment reverses the deteriorative electrical remodeling by reducing the incidence rate of early/delayed afterdepolarizations and minimizing the heterogeneity of cardiac electrophysiology. This ion cocktail therapy reveals a new strategy to effectively treat MI with great clinical translation potential due to the high effectiveness and safety of the ion cocktail combination.
Citizens envisioning life in 2040: A qualitative corporate foresight study in London
Authors: Komonen Pauli , Jacobson Susanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUrban living is changing. Citizens explore new lifestyles in practice and envision alternative urban futures. Companies, as significant stakeholders in cities, are building urban infrastructure and serving citizens' needs. To succeed in the future, companies must be able to navigate the complexity and diversity of evolving cities. However, former corporate foresight research on cities is sparse. This participatory corporate foresight study examines city life in 2040 by engaging a group of London citizens with a lead user profile. A qualitative multimethod approach, consisting of online diaries, a futures imagining workshop, and in‐depth interviews, explores citizens' images of the future and lifestyle changes. The lifestyle adjustments experienced during the COVID‐19 pandemic period have acted as a catalyst for novel personal and communal futures. The broad range of visions included both continuity and discontinuity, with a moderately optimistic undertone, and featured communal, infrastructural, ecological, and technological aspects of life. These visions emphasized sustainability in multiple areas of life and demonstrated the dynamic relationship of the past, present, and future. The methodological contribution of this paper lies in its multimethod approach, which enabled an agile collection of textual and audio‐visual datasets in both online and face‐to‐face contexts. This agility is particularly relevant in a corporate foresight context, where companies must balance efficiency, depth, and applicability while operating under resource constraints. The article also extends the lead user approach's use from individual products and services to the city environment and urban lifestyle in general.
Endoscopic transorbital and transcranial multiportal resection of a sphenoorbital meningiomas with custom bone 3D printing reconstruction: Case report
Authors: d'Avella Elena , Somma Teresa , Fabozzi Gianluca Lorenzo , Committeri Umberto , Romano Antonio , Cappabianca Paolo , Cavallo Luigi Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundSphenoorbital meningiomas (SOM) harbor intrinsic features that render their surgical management and the reconstruction of the resulting bony defect overtly challenging.MethodsA 70‐year‐old woman, harboring a long‐standing left frontotemporal bony swelling conservatively managed, presented with progressive left proptosis. Radiological features were consistent with an en plaque SOM. A one‐step multiportal transcranial and endoscopic transorbital approach (TOA) with custom bone three‐dimensional (3D) printing reconstruction using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was scheduled.ResultsPostoperative functional and aesthetic results were excellent, with proptosis and calvarian deformity resolution. Tumor subtotal resection was achieved. Histopathological diagnosis confirmed a transitional meningioma (WHO grade I).ConclusionsThe endoscopic TOA, isolated or as part of a multiportal strategy, has entered the surgical armamentarium for the treatment of SOMs. A customized PMMA cranioplasty can be considered a possible option for the reconstruction of large bony defects in a one‐step fashion.
Unhealthy and health promoting sponsorship of male and female professional sporting teams in Australia
Authors: Pitt Hannah , McCarthy Simone , Randle Melanie , Thomas Samantha , Arnot Grace , Daube Mike 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedThere are concerns that unhealthy industries may use sponsorships to align their brands with the increased popularity of professional women's sporting events. This study aimed to identify and compare the sponsors of Australian male and female professional sporting teams in relation to unhealthy industries (alcohol, gambling, discretionary food and drink, and venues) and health‐promoting companies and organisations (charities, government departments, and educational institutions).MethodsA web‐based scan was conducted from July to October 2021 to identify team and uniform sponsors, with descriptive statistics used to identify and compare results.ResultsAbout one tenth of sponsors (team n = 269; 10.9%; uniform n = 62; 10.6%) were for unhealthy industries. Men's teams had a greater number of these sponsors as compared to women's teams. Just under 10% of sponsors were for health‐promoting organisations (team n = 210; 8.5%; uniform n = 44; 7.5%), with women's teams more likely to have these sponsors as compared to men's teams.ConclusionsProfessional sport provides an important opportunity to facilitate health‐promoting rather than ‐harming sponsors. Health‐promoting sponsors are more prominent in women's sport, but as women's professional sport continues to grow in popularity, there is a need for policy, funding, and support to prevent engagement with unhealthy industry sponsorship and create a level playing field with men's sport.So What?Mechanisms should be developed to help sporting codes, particularly women's sport, to adopt business models that are not reliant on industries that cause harm. Establishing strong relationships with health‐promoting organisations may provide alternative sponsorship opportunities for sporting teams.
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) versus vitamin K antagonist in left ventricular thrombus: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Shrestha Dhan B. , Dawadi Sagun , Dhakal Bishal , Shtembari Jurgen , Patel Toralben , Shaikh Rafae , Bodziock George M. , Shantha Ghanshyam , Trankle Cory R. , Patel Nimesh K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsCurrent clinical guidelines for treating left ventricular thrombus (LVT) are limited by inadequate evidence to inform the comparative efficacy of oral anticoagulants. In this meta‐analysis, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) in patients with LVT.MethodsFour standard databases were searched for relevant literature comparing the efficacy and safety between DOAC and VKA for LVT treatment, published before August 19, 2023. Both the randomized controlled trials and observational studies were included in the analysis. The outcomes of interest were the resolution of LVT, all‐cause mortality, stroke, systemic embolism, and bleeding. Data from the selected studies were extracted and analyzed using RevMan 5.4 using odds ratio.ResultsAmong 3959 studies from the database search and bibliography review, 33 were included in the analysis. LVT resolution was observed in 72.59% in the DOAC group versus 67.49% in the VKA group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.28, confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.53). Mortality was lower in the DOAC group (11.71% vs. 18.56%) (OR: 0.60, CI: 0.36–1.00; borderline statistical significance). Likewise, bleeding events (9.60% vs. 13.19%) (OR: 0.65, CI: 0.52–0.81) and stroke (7.54% vs. 11.04%) (OR: 0.71, CI: 0.53–0.96) were also significantly lower in the DOAC group.ConclusionDOAC use for LVT showed better thrombus resolution and reduced risk of bleeding and stroke compared to VKA. Likewise, DOAC use was associated with lower mortality with borderline statistical significance.
Noble gas dative bonding with coinage metal carbene complexes: A theoretical study
Authors: Yashmin Farnaz , Sharma Rohan , Mazumder Lakhya J. , Sharma Pankaz K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe structure and stability of noble gas (Ng) bound [NHCM]+ complexes (M = Cu, Ag, and Au) were investigated using Quantum chemical calculations. Dissociation energies, enthalpy, and free energy changes were computed to comprehend the stability of these Ng‐bonded complexes. The nature of interactions associated to the bonding between metal and noble gas atoms was studied through the computation of electron density‐based descriptors. Detailed electronic structure study revealed electron donation from the noble gas atoms towards the metal center, resulting in the formation of dative bonds.
Use of shear wave imaging with intestinal ultrasonography in patients with chronic diarrhea
Authors: Kapoor Atul , Singh Anil , Kapur Aprajita , Mahajan Goldaa , Sharma Shalinder 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveA retrospective study was designed to determine the role of shear wave elastography (SWE) and intestinal ultrasonography to differentiate between inflammatory and fibrotic bowel strictures by determining Young's modulus (E) and shear wave dispersion (SWD) and to compare its role with contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in patients with chronic diarrhea and pain abdomen.MethodsSeventy‐six patients who had increased small bowel thickness (SBWT) >3 mm, and large bowel wall thickness (LBWT) >4 mm on intestinal ultrasonography (IUS) were evaluated in a two‐step manner. The first step involved classifying patients with increased SBWT >3 mm and LBWT >4 mm by use of SWE and dispersion into three groups that is group I (fibrotic), group II (inflammatory) thickening, and group III (mixed‐fibrosis and inflammatory) wall thickening. In the second step, etiological classification was done using six gray scale features of IUS that is length and degree of bowel thickening, presence of bowel stratification, Limberg grade of vascularity, status of mesenteric fat, juxta bowel status‐nodes, fluid, and fistula formation to reach to a definitive diagnosis. These findings were compared with findings on CECT. Twenty‐three patients had diagnosis confirmed by biopsy while 18 underwent surgery with histologic confirmation of operative findings. The sensitivity, specificity and AUROC for both modalities were compared.ResultsGroup I that is fibrotic group had 33 patients with fibrotic strictures of which fibrotic Crohn's disease (CD)and tuberculosis of the bowel were the dominant types followed by neoplastic and infective causes. In Group II that is inflammatory there were 32 patients with predominantly infective ileo‐colitis, and ulcerative colitis patients while 11 patients were present in group III that is (mixed fibrotic and inflammatory) type of bowel wall thickening and were patients of inflammatory CD, infective ileo‐colitis. The presence of length of bowel involvement, Limberg grade, mesenteric fat proliferation, and SBWT>9 mm were the statistically significant parameters on IUS which helped to reach to final diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of combined SWE with SWD and IUS were 100% and 99% while that of CECT was 78% and 96% respectively with AUROC of 100% and 64%.ConclusionSWI combined with IUS in a two‐step manner is an accurate way to evaluate patients with chronic diarrhea who have increased SBWT and is not only able to differentiate inflammatory from fibrotic bowel wall thickening but also helps to form an etiological diagnosis.
Homologous recombination deficiency reflects the heterogeneity and monitoring treatment response for patients with breast cancer
Authors: Long Quanyi , Wang Yunfei , Li Hongjiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn breast cancer (BC), homologous recombination defect (HRD) is a common carcinogenic mechanism. It is meaningful to classify BC according to HRD biomarkers and to develop a platform for identifying BC molecular features, pathological features and therapeutic responses.MethodsIn total, 109 HRD genes were collected and screened by univariate Cox regression analysis to determine the prognostic genes, which were used to construct a consensus matrix to identify BC subtype. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered by the Limma package and screened by random forest analysis to build a model to analyze the immunotherapy response and sensitivity and prognosis of patients suffering from BC to different drugs.ResultsThirteen out of 109 HRD genes were prognostic genes of BC, and BC was classified into two subgroups based on their expression. Cluster 1 had a significantly backward survival outcome and a significantly higher adaptive immunity score relative to cluster 2. Six genes were identified by random forest analysis as factors for developing the model. The model provided a prediction called risk score, which showed a significant stratification effect on BC prognosis, immunotherapy response and IC50 values of 62 drugs.ConclusionsIn the present study, two HRD subtypes of BC were successfully identified, for which mutation and immunological features were determined. A model based on differential genes of HRD subtypes was established, which was a potential predictor of prognosis, immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity of BC.
The potential of 3rd‐generation nanopore sequencing for B‐cell clonotyping in lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Hansen Marcus H. , Cédile Oriane , Abildgaard Niels , Nyvold Charlotte G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLymphoid malignancies are characterized by clonal cell expansion, often identifiable by unique immunoglobulin rearrangements. Heavy (IGH) and light‐chain gene usage offers diagnostic insights and enables sensitive residual disease detection via next‐generation sequencing. With its adaptable throughput and variable read lengths, Oxford Nanopore thirdgeneration sequencing now holds promise for clonotyping. This study analyzed CD138+ plasma‐cell DNA from eight multiple myeloma patients, comparing clonotyping performance between Nanopore sequencing, Illumina MiSeq, and Ion Torrent S5. We demonstrated clonotype consistency across platforms through Smith‐Waterman local alignment of nanopore reads. The mean clonal percentage of IGH V and J gene usage in the CD138+ cells was 69% for Nanopore, 67% for S5, and 76% for MiSeq. When aligned with known clonotypes, clonal cells averaged a 91% similarity, exceeding 85%. In summary, Nanopore sequencing, with its capacity for generating millions of high‐quality reads, proves effective for detecting clonal IGH rearrangements. This versatile platform offers the potential for measuring residual disease down to a sensitivity level of 10‐6 at a lower cost, marking a significant advancement in clonotyping techniques.