bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yeast extract elicitation enhances growth and metabolite production in Limonium algarvense callus cultures
Authors: Lescano Leonardo , Cziáky Zoltán , Custódio Luísa , Rodrigues Maria João 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Limonium algarvense Erben, a medicinal halophyte, holds significant pharmacological promise due to its rich bioactive compound repertoire. This study aimed to establish robust callus cultures as a sustainable, in vitro model for studying the plant's metabolic responses, particularly focusing on synthesising and accumulating primary and secondary metabolites under various elicitation treatments. Callus cultures were initiated from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 1 mg/L picloram for 4 weeks. Afterwards, callus cultures were subjected to two elicitor treatments, including salicylic acid–SA and yeast extract–YE at 50 and 100 mg/L for four weeks. Water extracts were assessed for their shifts in primary (total soluble sugars and proteins, and proline), and secondary metabolism (total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins). In addition, a detailed metabolic profiling was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–MS/MS). Elicitation induced significant shifts in the metabolite synthesis of elicited cultures compared to controls. While YE50 markedly increased the callus yield, the total levels of phenolics, flavonoids condensed tannins and total soluble proteins, the SA50 led to the highest increase in proline content. Metabolomic analysis identified 10 metabolites, including 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, riboflavin (Vitamin B2), and dihydroferulic acid methyl ester 4-O-sulfate, that were increased in the YE50 elicitation treatment. This suggests that elicitation can effectively enhance the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites in L. algarvense callus cultures, offering great potential for nutritional and medicinal applications.
Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics of Stepped Labyrinth Weirs under Fixed Crest Length
Authors: Aydin Mehmet Cihan , Ulu Ali Emre , Işık Ercan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Labyrinth weirs can pass more flow than conventional weirs with fixed openings for the same headwater, thanks to their increased crest length. However, nappe interference and local submergence in downstream cycles reduce discharge efficiency. This study experimentally and numerically investigated stepped-in-plan labyrinth weirs, designed to minimize these issues. Four stepped weirs and a diagonal linear weir were tested under the same crest length and free overflow conditions, and compared with conventional labyrinth weirs. The results showed that, for constant crest length and head, discharge efficiency decreases with more steps, mainly due to flow separation and turbulence on the weir walls, unlike traditional labyrinth weirs.
Advancing wound healing: controlled release of tannic acid via epitope imprinted antimicrobial spongy cover material
Authors: Tuna Büşra , Arısoy Pırıl , Oktay Başeğmez Hatice İmge , Baydemir Peşint Gözde 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional antibiotics calls for alternative antimicrobial strategies. This study introduces a novel approach to acute wound healing by incorporating epitope-imprinted spongy cover materials with antimicrobial properties, using Tannic acid (TA) as the active agent within biocompatible cryogels imprinted with gallic acid. The spongy materials were synthesized and characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), swelling tests, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to assess their structural and physicochemical properties. The antimicrobial efficacy of the cryogels, loaded with 1.5, 3, 5 mg/mL of TA concentrations, was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, common pathogens in wound infections. The highest inhibition zone was determined to be 15 mm for S. aureus and 12 mm for E. coli. Maximum TA adsorption was 210.27 mg/g for eMIP and 24.74 mg/g for NIP. Cumulative release studies revealed the highest release rate occurred within the first 2 h. TA release kinetics indicated a non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. Additionally, the biocompatibility and potential cytotoxicity of the spongy materials, including TA-loaded variants, were assessed using the MTT assay on cultured cells. The results confirmed that the spongy materials are non-toxic and do not inhibit cell proliferation, supporting their suitability for acute wound healing. This study demonstrates that TA-loaded epitope-imprinted Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)-based spongy materials possess antimicrobial properties, making them potential candidates for wound and burn dressing applications.

Graphical Abstract
Physical activity and sedentary behavior of the adult population in the light of some sociodemographic variables and nutritional status based on a study in Hungary
Authors: Vári Beáta , Berki Tamás , Katona Zoltán , Alattyányi István , Katona Zsolt , Petrovszki Zita , Győri Ferenc 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study is to explore the level of physical activity, sitting time, and body mass index and their associates with sociodemographic variables in the Southern Great Plain of Hungary.

Methods
3665 participants (1349 men; 2316 women) participated in our study. Their average age was 45.08 (SD = 15.68). Physical activity and sitting time were measuring the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). The participants were also asked about their sociodemographic (e.g., residence, income, etc.) and body mass index.

Results
Our result showed that men had higher total, vigorous, and moderate physical activity levels. Younger adults (18–29) had higher total, vigorous and moderate activity than older adults (65+). Residents of large cities and graduates showed higher levels of physical activity. Higher activity was not linked to higher income, while moderate activity was slightly associated with lower income. Normal BMI was associated with the engaging in high levels of physical activity. Sitting time was higher among young adults, village residents, university graduates, those with moderate incomes, normal BMI, and lower physical activity levels.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated the impact of sociodemographics on physical activity, BMI, and sitting time. The findings were consistent with other Hungarian samples, suggesting that the Southern Great Plain aligns with the national average.
Pollen viability in three Juniperus taxa
Authors: Galgóci Martin , Kormuťák Andrej , Klobučník Miroslav , Gömöry Dušan , Boleček Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pollen viability in three Juniperus taxa native to Slovakia was investigated using in vitro germination test. The highest germination percentage and longest pollen tubes were surprisingly found in J. communis var. intermedia (Shur) Sanio which is believed to be a putative hybrid between J. communis var. communis L. and J. sibirica Lodd. Germination rate of the hybrid averaged at 78.70% as compared with 64.96% and 60.83% of the pollen germination in the corresponding parental species. The same tendency holds for the pollen tube length reaching 38.68 μm in the putative hybrid, 31.39 μm in J. communis var. communis and 28.08 μm in J. sibirica. At the taxa level, the above given data were statistically highly significant in both pollen viability characteristics. Highest viability of J. communis var. intermedia pollen does not corroborate the widespread notion postulating reduced fertility of the plant interspecific hybrids. Additional tests are suggested to verify the hybrid nature of the putative hybrid population using DNA based population study and artificial crossing experiments involving the putative parental species J. communis var. communis and J. sibirica.
The Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Saxagliptin as a Candidate Treatment for Disorders of Consciousness: A Deep Learning and Retrospective Clinical Analysis
Authors: Toker Daniel , Chiang Jeffrey N. , Vespa Paul M. , Schnakers Caroline , Monti Martin M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Despite advancements in the neuroscience of consciousness, no new medications for disorders of consciousness (DOC) have been discovered in more than a decade. Repurposing existing US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)—approved drugs for DOC is crucial for improving clinical management and patient outcomes.

Methods
To identify potential new treatments among existing FDA-approved drugs, we used a deep learning–based drug screening model to predict the efficacy of drugs as awakening agents based on their three-dimensional molecular structure. A retrospective cohort study from March 2012 to October 2024 tested the model’s predictions, focusing on changes in Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores in 4047 patients in a coma from traumatic, vascular, or anoxic brain injury.

Results
Our deep learning drug screens identified saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, as a promising awakening drug for both acute and prolonged DOC. The retrospective clinical analysis showed that saxagliptin was associated with the highest recovery rate from acute coma among diabetes medications. After matching patients by age, sex, initial GCS score, coma etiology, and glycemic status, brain-injured patients with diabetes on incretin-based therapies, including dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues, recovered from coma at significantly higher rates compared to both brain-injured patients with diabetes on non-incretin-based diabetes medications (95% confidence interval of 1.8–14.1% higher recovery rate, P = 0.0331) and brain-injured patients without diabetes (95% confidence interval of 2–21% higher recovery rate, P = 0.0272). Post matching, brain-injured patients with diabetes on incretin-based therapies also recovered at a significantly higher rate than patients treated with amantadine (95% confidence interval for the difference 2.4–25.1.0%, P = 0.0364). A review of preclinical studies identified several pathways through which saxagliptin and other incretin-based medications may aid awakening from both acute and chronic DOC: restoring monoaminergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, reducing brain inflammation and oxidative damage, clearing hyperphosphorylated tau and amyloid-β, normalizing thalamocortical glucose metabolism, increasing neural plasticity, and mitigating excitotoxic brain damage.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest incretin-based medications in general, and saxagliptin in particular, as potential novel therapeutic agents for DOC. Further prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm their efficacy and safety in DOC.
Investigation of Dyeing Behaviors of Bio-mordanted Wool Fabric Dyed with Natural Dye
Authors: Eyupoglu Seyda , Eyupoglu Can , Merdan Nigar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this research, green dyeing treatment of wool fabrics was examined with natural dye extracted from Beta vulgaris (beetroot) with an ultrasonic-assisted method. Wool fabric samples were treated with ascorbic acid, sodium carbonate, and tannic acid with different concentrations and durations via the ultrasonic-assisted method before dyeing treatment. The usability of ascorbic acid, sodium carbonate, and tannic acid was investigated as a bio-mordant agent in the natural dyeing process. After the pre-treatment with different substrates, the samples were colored with the natural dye obtained from beetroot for 5 min with the ultrasonic-assisted method. The dyeing parameters’ effects were investigated on the colorimetric and fastness properties. According to the results, Fourier transform infrared spectra indicate that there are no important dissimilarities in the functional groups of wool fabric samples with the pre-mordanting process. The experimental results show that ascorbic acid, sodium carbonate, and tannic acid are used as bio-mordants. Furthermore, the pre-mordanting process, mordant agent type, mordant concentration, and mordanting time had an effect on the fastness and colorimetric behaviors of the samples. Color strength results demonstrated that ascorbic acid mordant improved the color strength of the samples (K/S increased from 3.51 to 4.63), attributing darker shades (lower lightness, L) to the wool fabric. The light fastness of samples improved from 1 to 2 with the use of ascorbic acid for 15 min mordanting time. Furthermore, the best results for color change, washing, and rubbing fastness were obtained by using tannic acid as a mordant and increasing the mordanting time. In addition, the following dyeing characteristics of wool fabrics are estimated using an artificial neural network (ANN) model. In accordance with the experimental outcomes, the suggested approach obtains regression values of more than 0.97 for all dyeing characteristics. As can be shown, the suggested approach is accomplished and can be utilized effectively for predicting colorimetric properties of wool fabric. It has been concluded that the ultrasonic-assisted method is an environmentally sustainable dyeing process of textile fibers, and bio-mordants have rendered the dyeing treatment greener and more sustainable.
What is anti-pluralism?
Authors: Walz Kevin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, the issue of possible early warning signs for democratic regression has become increasingly relevant. In this regard, the focus is often on how democracy-threatening actors can be identified as early as possible. Within this debate, one term has recently emerged again, as various contributions suggest that anti-pluralist actors are in the driver’s seat of democratic backsliding. However, anti-pluralism in this literature usually remains completely undefined, or at least undertheorized. This study intends to contribute to clarifying the theoretical dimension of these issues by specifying anti-pluralism as a concept and discussing its relationships to competing concepts for identifying actors threatening democracy. The conceptual analysis shows that anti-pluralism is best understood as the negation of the benefits of societal diversity and thereby also the functional and normative necessity, purpose, and merit of pluralism as a structure principle. Furthermore, it can be shown that anti-pluralism is a feature of various other isms that are commonly used as indicators to identify actors threatening democracy. I conclude that while anti-pluralism is not necessary for actors to threaten democracy, it is sufficient to identify potentially threatening actors and has advantages over competing markers such as populism and extremism.
Visual Dyslexia
Authors: Stein John 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To revive the idea which was previously generally accepted, that learning to sequence written text visually is the crucial first step in learning to read. But in the last few years the phonological theory of dyslexia (PT) has become dominant. It asserts that DD is due to a psycho-linguistic deficit causing difficulty with grasping the concept of phonemes. This ignores a century of research showing that the development of a network of visual magnocellular neurons (M- cells) that signal the timing of visual events precedes and is essential for the development of phonological awareness.

Recent Findings
We review the cerebral structures with which the visual M- system is associated in reading alphabetic and other scripts and show in each case how their development is impaired in DD. The simplest way to improve M- cell function involves viewing text through yellow or blue filters; we discuss how these may work. Even simpler is improving children’s nutrition; and we discuss some aspects of this. The genes which are associated with the M- system also play an important role in regulating the immune system; hence we discuss how DD is associated with autoimmune conditions such as asthma and eczema and disordered control of inflammation.

Summary
There is now a very great weight of evidence demonstrating that visual sequencing of text mediated by the visual magnocellular timing system is the first essential for learning to read, and that impaired development of this system is a major cause of Developmental Dyslexia.
The role of Collagen Tissue Scaffolds in 3D Endometrial-like Culture Systems: Important Contributions to Cell Invasion and Cell Topography
Authors: Kendirci-Katirci Remziye , Sendemir Aylin , Hameş Elif Esin , Vatansever H. Seda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Considering the similarity between the invasion processes of cancer cells and embryo implantation, three-dimensional culture models used to study cancer cell invasion can also be applied to embryo implantation studies. In our study, endometrial epithelial cell line (RL95-2) and spheroid-forming trophoblast-like choriocarcinoma cell line (JAR) were cultured on three different biocompatible tissue scaffolds: bacterial cellulose, collagen foam and collagen fibre. These scaffolds are frequently used in cancer cell metastasis and invasion studies, A three-dimensional endometrium-like culture system was established to quantitatively investigate the role of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin and Syndecan-1 proteins in the type 1 epithelial mesenchymal transition mechanism observed during the invasion step of the implantation process. Based on the findings from the three-dimensional cell culture, the bacterial cellulose scaffold promoted the proliferation of RL95-2 cells and delayed JAR spheroid formation. The collagen foam scaffold favored the proliferation of RL95-2 cells and accelerated JAR spheroid formation. The collagen fibre scaffold is important for supporting cell topography and, when combined with collagen foam, may offer a potential solution for investigating 3D endometrium-like culture systems. Immunocytochemical and immunofluorescence analyses showed that scaffolds modulate the invasion process by affecting the expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition proteins in cells. The findings suggest that different tissue scaffolds can produce varying effects in endometrium-like culture systems, and combinations of these materials may yield more effective results in future studies. This research represents a critical step in studying cell behavior in 3D culture systems and elucidates the mechanism of endometrial invasion.
ARV1 p.Gln62Ter, a novel mutation linked to developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-38
Authors: Neissi Mostafa , Al-Zaalan Ayoob Radhi , Mohammadi-Asl Misagh , Roghani Mojdeh , Mohammadi-Asl Javad , Jorfi Kamele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy is a rare and severe form of inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by various forms of seizures. This condition typically manifests between 4 and 7 months. Recent investigations have established a correlation between mutations in the ARV1 gene and the development of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-38. Here, we report a 4-year-old girl from a consanguineous Iranian family diagnosed with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-38. The patient presented with seizures, microcephaly, and abnormal MRI findings. Despite conventional anti-seizure drugs, seizures persisted from infancy. Tragically, her elder sibling with identical symptoms succumbed to the condition at 11 months. In this case report, we performed whole exome sequencing in an individual diagnosed with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-38 in an Iranian family, revealing a novel homozygous mutation in the ARV1 gene (c.184C > T [p.Gln62Ter] in exon 2, NM_022786.3). Parental carriers displayed no symptoms, underscoring the importance of whole exome sequencing for accurate diagnosis and informed family planning decisions. These findings contribute to the understanding of the genetic spectrum of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-38. The use of whole exome sequencing revealed a rare and likely pathogenic ARV1 gene mutation, emphasizing the significance of this genetic screening method in unraveling the complexities of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.
Simulation and optimization of cold chain logistics system towards lower carbon emission: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Li Fan , Tao Junyu , Wang Qinghua , Guo Wei , Wang Xiaohua , Wang Biyu , Su Hong , Cheng Zhanjun , Yan Beibei , Chen Guanyi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cold chain logistics is an emerging carbon emission source. The transportation section is estimated to generate more than 80% of its total carbon emission. Under the global warming background, a number of simulation and optimization studies have been thus conducted. Lately, cold chain logistics has been greatly aided by the quick advancements in data science and computer science. Consequently, the state-of-the-art developments in cold chain logistics system simulation and optimization were critically assessed in this research. The crucial indicators including optimization models, simulation models, and optimization algorithms were also quantitatively analyzed. It was discovered that, in single-objective optimization, carbon emissions were frequently included in the total cost objective function; but, in multi-objective optimization, they were utilized as a separate objective function. There were many studies on path optimization models, but site selection optimization models started relatively late and had high economic sensitivity, which might be a future trend. The ant colony algorithm was widely used in solving path optimization models. Genetic algorithms played a leading role in optimization algorithms, and they had different improvements and applications under different carbon reduction methods. Under the influence of multiple objective functions and constraints, multi-objective optimization algorithms might be a promising solution. The difficulties in modeling and refining the cold chain logistics system are introduced by the model accuracy, energy supply system revolution, carbon emission calibration, optimization result realization, and application scenarios that still exist. The outlook for the future is presented in terms of both technology orientation and demand orientation.
Perioperative Management of the Patient With Chromosome 6p Duplication: A Case Report And a Narrative Review of Literature
Authors: Hudec Jan , Prokopová Tereza , Galko Michal , Prýmek Martin , Repko Martin , Gál Roman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chromosome 6p duplication syndrome represents a rare genetic disorder. About 50 patients have been described till now. The syndrome is also called trisomy 6p, and it is clinically characterized by short stature with microcephaly, mental retardation, congenital heart defects, or kidney tract anomalies. Epileptic seizures and spine deviations have also been described in a few children. Perioperative management of patients with chromosome 6p duplication can be challenging for all healthcare providers due to the multiorgan disability of the patients. To our knowledge, we report the first case of comprehensive perioperative management of patients with chromosome 6p duplication. Our case report is about a 9-year-old girl scheduled for scoliosis surgery. It discusses individual steps in the preoperative examination, surgery, and postoperative care, including preventing possible complications. This publication aims to show possible options for comprehensive perioperative management of patients with extremely rare syndrome because there are no published studies about perioperative management. Understanding the 6p duplication syndrome may improve the patient's outcome in the perioperative period.