bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From InSAR‐Derived Subsidence to Relative Sea‐Level Rise—A Call for Rigor
Authors: Minderhoud P. S. J. , Shirzaei M. , Teatini P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCoastal subsidence, the gradual sinking of coastal land, considerably exacerbates the impacts of climate change‐driven sea‐level rise (SLR). While global sea levels rise, land subsidence often increases relative SLR locally. Thiéblemont et al. (2024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ef004523) reached a remarkable milestone by providing a continental‐scale estimate of vertical land motion (VLM) across European coastal zones by utilizing European Ground Motion Service (EGMS) data, obtained from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data from Sentinel‐1 satellites. Their findings reveal widespread coastal subsidence, with nearly half of the coastal floodplains, including major cities and ports, subsiding at rates exceeding 1 mm/yr, thereby exacerbating relative SLR. The study emphasizes the critical role of InSAR‐data calibration, indicating that the EGMS geodetic reference frame significantly influences VLM estimates. This study highlights the need for a robust InSAR‐data processing framework to accurately interpret VLM and its relationship to relative SLR. The processing pipeline should ensure internal consistency of SAR data and rigorously assess output accuracy, considering also post‐processing effects. Correct interpretation of results is essential as InSAR satellites measure reflector movement, which may not always align with land surface movement, particularly in urban areas. Ignoring these discrepancies can lead to underestimation of subsidence rates. While InSAR data offers valuable research opportunities, it poses risks of oversimplification and misinterpretation, especially when linked to sea‐level change. We call for standardized processing workflows and cross‐disciplinary collaboration, essential for accurate VLM interpretations, particularly in coastal cities and river deltas, to ultimately enhance the reliability of relative SLR projections and inform effective coastal management strategies.
Coral bleaching and mortality overestimated in projections based on Degree Heating Months
Authors: Mason Robert A. B. , Bozec Yves-Marie , Mumby Peter J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Influential projections of coral reef futures have used Degree Heating Months—a monthly reformulation of the well-validated Degree Heating Weeks index. Here we show that heat stress predictions using the 2 metrics differ substantially, with 33–1,584% additional bleaching predicted under many climate models when using Degree Heating Months. Coral cover projections for 2030–2050 differ by a factor of 2 between the 2 metrics, reducing the credibility of forecasts that use Degree Heating Months as it is currently applied.
Natural variations of adolescent neurogenesis and anxiety predict the hierarchical status of adult inbred mice
Authors: Grieco Fabio , Balla Atik , Larrieu Thomas , Toni Nicolas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hierarchy provides a survival advantage to social animals in challenging circumstances. In mice, social dominance is associated with trait anxiety which is regulated by adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Here, we test whether adolescent hippocampal neurogenesis may regulate social dominance behavior in adulthood. We observe that adolescent individuals with higher trait anxiety and lower levels of hippocampal neurogenesis prior to the formation of a new group become dominants, suggesting that baseline adolescent neurogenesis predicts hierarchical status. This phenotype persists beyond social hierarchy stabilization. Experimentally reducing neurogenesis prior to the stabilization of social hierarchy in group-housed adolescent males increases the probability of mice to become dominant and increases anxiety. Finally, when innate dominance is assessed in socially isolated and anxiety-matched animals, mice with impaired neurogenesis display a dominant status toward strangers. Together, these results indicate that adolescent neurogenesis predicts and regulates hierarchical and situational dominance behavior along with anxiety-related behavior. These results provide a framework to study the mechanisms underlying social hierarchy and the dysregulation of dominance behavior in psychiatric diseases related to anxiety.
Outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for high-risk colorectal colitis-associated neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Maselli Roberta , de Sire Roberto , Barbaro Federico , Cecinato Paolo , Andrisani Gianluca , Rosa-Rizzotto Erik , Sferrazza Sandro , Fiori Giancarla , Azzolini Francesco , Pugliese Francesco , Facciorusso Antonio , Spadaccini Marco , Capogreco Antonio , Massimi Davide , Alfarone Ludovico , Chiappetta Michele Francesco , Gubbiotti Alessandro , Menini Maddalena , Khalaf Kareem , Sassatelli Romano , Di Matteo Francesco Maria , Spada Cristiano , Hassan Cesare , Repici Alessandro , Armuzzi Alessandro ,   on behalf of Endoscopic Resection Italian Network (ERIN) Group
Published: January 2025

Background Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer. High-risk colorectal colitis-associated neoplasia (HR-CAN) can be difficult to treat using traditional endoscopic resection methods. This study evaluated the outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in patients with IBD and HR-CANs.
Methods This retrospective multicenter study consecutively included patients with IBD who were referred to expert Italian endoscopy centers for ESD or hybrid ESD (hESD) of HR-CANs. The main outcomes were rates of en bloc, R0, and curative resections, adverse events, local recurrence, metachronous lesions, and post-resection surgery. Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze survival rates. Risk factors associated with the main outcomes were investigated by univariable analysis.
Results 91 patients with colonic IBD (disease duration 15.3 [SD 8.7] years, 82.4 % with ulcerative colitis) with 96 HR-CANs (mean size 34.8 [SD 16.2] mm, 53.1 % high grade dysplasia/adenocarcinoma) were included. ESD and hESD were performed in 82.3 % and 17.7 %, respectively. En bloc, R0, and curative resections were achieved in 95.8 % (95 %CI 89.6–98.8), 85.4 % (95 %CI 76.7–91.7), and 83.3 % (95 %CI 74.3–90.1). Adverse events occurred in 12.5 % (95 %CI 6.6–20.8), which were all conservatively managed. After a mean follow-up of 23.4 (SD 16.1) months, local recurrence and metachronous lesions each occurred in 3.1 %. Post-resection surgery was required in 11.5 %.
Conclusions ESD of HR-CANs showed favorable outcomes on the medium- and long-term course in patients with IBD.
940 nm laser diode pumped ultrashort pulsed laser with a Yb:YAG single-crystal rod
Authors: Dong Jiahao , Dai Yun , Zhao Yuanhao , Li Yanan , Liu Jingjing , Liu Jie , Peng Qianqian , Wu Anhua , Su Liangbi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A Yb:YAG single-crystal rod (SCR) with great optical properties was successfully grown based on the laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) method, and its laser characteristics were comprehensively studied. Pumped by a 940 nm laser diode, the output power of the continuous-wave (CW) laser was 3.72 W, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 44.3%. The continuous tuning range of the Yb:YAG SCR was 22 nm. In addition, a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) was used to realize the passively mode-locked Yb:YAG SCR laser. Operating at 1049.5 nm, the laser oscillator had a 1.6 ps pulse width with a repetition rate of 54.5 MHz.
Broadband Polarization-Independent Terahertz Multifunctional Liquid Crystal Coding Metasurface Based on Topological Optimization
Authors: Chen Yu , Cao Wu-Hao , Li Jia-Qi , Zhang Ming-Zhe , Du Xin-Yi , Gao Ding-Shan , Li Pei-Li 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, a broadband polarization-independent terahertz multifunctional coding metasurface based on topological optimization using liquid crystal (LC) is proposed. The metasurface can achieve reconfigurability for beam steering and vortex beam generation within the 0.68-0.72 THz frequency range. Firstly, the metasurface unit is topologically optimized using the Non-dominant sequencing genetic algorithms (NSGA-II) multi-objective optimization algorithm. By applying the LC's electrically tunable refractive index properties, the metasurface unit enables polarization-independent 2-bit coding within the 0.68-0.72 THz frequency range. Then, based on the designed metasurface unit, the array arrangement of the metasurface is reverse-designed to achieve beam steering and vortex beam generation. The results show that, for beam steering, not only can polarization-independent steering of both single- and multi-beam be achieved within the 35° elevation angle range, but also independent control of the target angle of each beam in the multi-beam steering. For vortex beam generation, the metasurfaces can achieve the generation of single- and multi-vortex beams with topological charges l=±1, ±2 within the 35° elevation angle range, and the generation angles of each vortex beam in the multi-vortex beam can be independently controlled. This provides flexibility and diversity in the generation of vortex beams. Therefore, the proposed terahertz LC metasurface can realize flexible control of reconfigurable functions and has certain application prospects in terahertz communication, phased array radar, and vortex radar.
Propagation of uncertainty with arbitrarily distributions by kernel density estimation method
Authors: Jinuntuya P , Jinuntuya N 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Propagation of uncertainty is a basic task in metrological analysis. All standard metrology texts describe how to combine the uncertainties of the gaussian distributed variables. However, in real situations we may need to combine the uncertainties of random variables with different distributions. In this work we represent a method to combine the uncertainties of two or more random variables with different distribution functions. By applying the method of kernel density estimation, a probability density function can be approximated as a linear combination of the gaussian kernels. We find that the combined probability density can also be represented as a linear combination of the gaussian kernels with shifted mean. Limiting process is applied to obtain the desired distribution and corresponding uncertainty. As an example, we apply the method to combine common distributions, those are the gaussian, uniform, and triangular distributions. Monte Carlo simulation is then used to verify the validity of our method.
Confronting the Earth’s detectability with the Microlensing technique using the Gaia DR3 catalogue
Authors: Chulikorn Thansuda , Awiphan Supachai , Suphapolthaworn Suphakorn , Sriling Pongsakorn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gravitational microlensing is one of the astronomical methods for detecting low-mass objects, including Earth-like exoplanets. On the other hand, suppose extraterrestrials use these techniques in search of us. We can compute and simulate the probability of Earth’s detection from other exoplanets by considering the locations where Earth influences the microlensing phenomenon for other civilizations, known as the “Earth Microlensing Zone” (EMZ). Analyzing the EMZ is important for reducing the scope of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) missions. To do this, we selected stars with a magnitude G < 17 from the Gaia DR3 catalog, calculated the probability of microlensing by the Earth, generated Earth discovery rate maps using HEALPIX with level 6, and compared our results with a previous study. We discovered that the Earth detection rate in our work was lower than in previous research due to the decreasing number of stars with G magnitude. However, similar to the previous study, observers were placed around the Milky Way’s plane, where the area with the highest value of the total Earth-detected rate appears. This location does not overlap with the “Earth Transit Zone” (ETZ). As a result, we need to increase the G-band magnitude within the suitable range.
Effects of Eddy Current and Permeability of Vacuum Chamber on Magnetic Field in Booster Synchrotron of Siam Photon Source II
Authors: Sunwong P , Prawanta S , Jummunt S , Numanoy P , Leetha T , Phimsen T , Pruekthaisong P 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Siam Photon Source II (SPS-II), the second synchrotron light source in Thailand, has been designed and it is planned to open for users in 2034. Vacuum chamber for the SPS-II booster synchrotron will be made of thin-wall 316LN stainless steel tube to minimize the Eddy current while maintaining a good vacuum and mechanical performance. Magnetic permeability of the vacuum chamber needs to be kept small to reduce any effects on the magnetic field. In this work, Opera-3D is used for modelling of magnets and vacuum chamber for the booster synchrotron and for calculation of magnetic field. Effects of Eddy current due to ramping magnetic field, magnetic permeability and thickness of the vacuum chamber are studied. It was found that the maximum allowable relative permeability of the vacuum chamber is 1.02 with the chamber thickness of 0.75 mm, in order to keep the higher-order multipole field components below 1x10-4 in the combined dipole magnet. Eddy current, together with the magnetic property of the vacuum chamber, alters the sextupole component in the combined dipole magnet up to 10%. This will be compensated by the individual sextupole magnets in the booster synchrotron.
Study and development of beam loss monitor for the SPS storage ring
Authors: Jummunt S , Aim-O P , Promdee W , Pulumpong T , Suradet N , Sudmuang P 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Siam Photon Source (SPS) machine serves as a dedicated synchrotron radiation source operating at 1.2 GeV, operational for synchrotron radiation users since 2003. One of the essential components in ensuring its consistent and reliable operation is the implementation of a beam loss diagnostics system. This tool plays a crucial role in observing and precisely identifying the locations of losses during commissioning, machine studies, and routine operation. The beam loss monitors (BLMs) employing PIN-photodiode and scintillator-PMT, are specifically designed for installation in the SPS storage ring to continuously monitor real-time beam losses. The radiation from beam loss in the storage ring during the machine operation is determined through FLUKA simulation. This paper aims to provide a detailed insight into the BLM system and to present the results of beam loss monitoring.
Evaluating Quantum State Verification for d-Level Graph States
Authors: Oupatam Matachan , Dangniam Ninnat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The objective of Quantum State Verification (QSV) is to evaluate whether an unknown quantum state is sufficiently similar to a predetermined target state at a certain confidence level. The required number of identical and independent copies, N, of an unknown state for such a task is inversely proportional to the spectral gap of a verification operator. Stabilizer states form a foundational class of quantum states, extensively utilized in quantum computing. Defined through a group of stabilizer operators constructed from Pauli matrices in qubit systems, their structural properties not only simplify the mathematical representation and simulation of quantum states but also make them particularly suitable for verification protocols that rely on local measurements. Restricting the verification operator to be those that can be achieved by local measurements, previous researches had determined an upper bound for the spectral gap to be 2/3 in the cases of qubit stabilizer states. In this research, we show a similar upper bound of d/(d+1) in the cases of graph states of d-level systems by a technique from [1] but adapted to d-level graph states. In particular, we show that d-level graph states are maximally entangled across any bipartition of the graph, which allows us to reduce the problem to the case of a bipartite maximally entangled d-level systems for which the maximal spectral gap is known.
Spectroscopic Characterization and Vapor Pressure Analysis of Homemade Rubidium Vapor Cells
Authors: Kaewko A , Chattrapiban N , Thaicharoen N 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Vapor glass cells play a crucial role in spectroscopic research and metrology applications. As the demand for portable quantum devices grows, characterizing vapor glass cells based on their form factor becomes essential. Therefore, exploring cost-effective homemade alternatives is increasingly important in this regard. To address this, we have successfully produced a cost-effective homemade vapor cells containing rubidium atoms in our laboratory. In this work, we characterized the atomic absorption properties of the homemade vapor cells to extract the vapor pressure of atoms inside the cell and compare it to commercially available reference cells. The experimental procedure involves directing a laser beam with a wavelength of 780 nm through the vapor cell and measuring the absorption signals using a photodiode. Additionally, we calculate rubidium absorption cross section to extract the absorption data and compare it to the experimental obtained result to determine the vapor pressure within the cell. This study demonstrates that our homemade cell exhibits a comparable absorption profile and vapor pressure to that of a commercial cell. This suggests that our homemade cell is suitable for spectroscopic measurements and presents a cost-effective solution for future applications in portable quantum devices.
Development of a Fluorescence Lifetime Spectroscopy System with Multicolor-Excitation
Authors: Preegarn Jakgree , Sapermsap Natakorn , Sangtawesin Sorawis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy is an essential tool in various diagnostic applications, owing to its excellent sensitivity, concentration independence, and non-invasive capabilities. This method requires precise timing electronics capable of resolving time delays at the picosecond scale. However, commercially available systems suffer from issues such as bulkiness, high cost, and suboptimal performance. In this work, we introduce a cost-effective and compact system for measuring the fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence lifetime from samples in a cuvette, featuring a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI). We report a timing resolution of 55 ps, with a full detection range of 500 ns, suitable for a vast majority of fluorophores. Specifically, the timing module is configured in reverse mode to reduce the effect from low photon count rate. When integrated with an additional supercontinuum excitation, the combined system enables a versatile excitation wavelength tuning within the range of 400–700 nm, with a minimal full width half maximum (FWHM) of the instrument response function (IRF) at 520 ps. To validate the system performance, we measure the concentration-dependence absorption and emission spectra, along with the fluorescence lifetime, of commercially available Cy5 and Fluorescein reference dyes, from which the results are consistent with previously reported data. Our systems should be of interest for various researchers interested in measuring multi-modal fluorescence properties.
Design of the comb-drive structure to reduce asymmetry lateral plasma etching on the cavity SOI substrate for MEMS fabrication
Authors: Lakrathok Anantachai , Supadech Jakrapong , Leepattarapongpan Chana , Paosangthong Watcharapong , Atthi Nithi , Jeamsaksiri Wutthinan , Kobdaj Chinorat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A conventional microelectromechanical system (MEMS) fabricated using deep-reactive ion etching (DRIE) on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer and wet etching with hydrofluoric acid (HF) encounters challenges related to isotropic etching, such as microstructure stiction, etched byproduct contamination, and over-etching of the side protective oxide layer. Even with the utilization of cavity SOI (C-SOI) wafers, certain movable structures can still experience damage due to asymmetry in lateral plasma etching caused by the uneven distribution of plasma ions and etchant radicals. This investigation examines three different comb designs to reduce the asymmetry lateral etching caused by DRIE. Factors such as the presence of a pedestal under comb branches and the area of the proof-mass are taken into consideration. At 100 µm of depth, the comb size, line width, and space are 15.0, 7.3 and 5.0 µm, respectively. The overlapping length of combs is 15 µm of the total comb bar length. The proof-mass has an area variation of 300 x 900 µm2, 600 x 900 µm2, and 1200 x 900 µm2, respectively. The Deep Si etching process employs time multiplex etching (Bosch process), which involves the deposition of C4F8 fluorocarbon film and etching with SF6, controlled by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) power to generate a high-density charge. The direct current voltages during the deposition and etching stages are 0 volts and 170 volts for Si bulk, and 0 volts and 3 volts for C-SOI. Our results indicate that the comb designs do not effectively mitigate the asymmetry in lateral etching on the comb structures in this configuration. However, we have observed that the location on the wafer determines the asymmetry lateral etching.
Frequency-based characterization of contactless conductivity detection with coplanar electrodes
Authors: Lianghiranthaworn T , Hongsith N , Unai S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research aims to investigate the capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) method and evaluate its sensitivity to variations in the power source frequency. A particular emphasis is placed on the impact of frequency on the capacitance of the coplanar electrode design with a gap separation distance ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 mm. The capacitance sensor comprises a coplanar arrangement of electrodes fabricated with a printed circuit board (PCB) covered by a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) insulating layer. The experimental methodology involves measuring the capacitance from the sensor while assessing four distinct samples: air, deionized (DI) water, 0.01 M NaCl solution, and 0.1 M NaCl solution. These measurements are conducted across a frequency range from 20 Hz to 1 MHz, utilizing the Keysight E4980A LCR meter. The experimental results reveal an exponential decrease in capacitance within the low-frequency range (20 Hz – 10 kHz). Conversely, the capacitance exhibits a stabilizing tendency at high frequencies (100 kHz – 1 MHz). This phenomenon can be attributed to the presence of equivalent series inductance (ESL) within the sensor, leading to an increase in sensor impedance and, consequently, a decrease in capacitance. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that for optimal capacitance measurement using the C4D method, the sensor should be operated at high frequencies within the range of 100 kHz to 1 MHz to mitigate the effects of ESL and obtain stable capacitance readings.
Effect of opening auxiliary slots in the primary of permanent magnet synchronous linear motors on magnetic resistance
Authors: Wei Huanan , Wang Xudong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The goal of this topic is to resolve the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor’s high reluctance issue. ANSYS Maxwell finite element simulation software is used to construct an 11-pole, 12-slot permanent-magnet synchronous linear motor model based on the reluctance generation concept. The viability of adopting symmetrical auxiliary slots in the main internal tooth holes is investigated. The effect of the symmetric extra slot on the magnetoresistance of the main internal gear opening is examined using the binary parameterization technique. Lastly, a comparison and analysis are made between the motor’s performance prior to and following the asymmetrical supplemental slot opening. The results show that a reasonable opening of the symmetrical auxiliary slot in the main internal gear can effectively reduce the magnetic reluctance and ensure that the other performance of the motor is basically unchanged.