bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of DCGANS and autoencoder-based models for image inpainting
Authors: Mohamed Mahmoud , Alosman Khalid 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Image inpainting aims to fill missing or corrupted regions in images with semantically coherent content. This paper presents an expanded comparative study evaluating deep generative adversarial networks (GANs) and autoencoder models for image inpainting. We conduct extensive experiments and analysis on Places365 dataset images with missing regions. The literature review is significantly expanded to cover the latest advancements in deep learning based inpainting. Methodology details are enhanced with additional architectural specifications, training procedures, evaluation metrics, and ablation studies. Comprehensive quantitative metrics, qualitative visual comparisons, user studies, and ablation studies provide novel insights into model capabilities and limitations. Results analysis is also broadened to provide more in-depth discussion of performance trade-offs. Our findings reveal complementary strengths of GANs in perceptual quality and autoencoders in reconstruction accuracy. Hybrid approaches can balance these properties for high fidelity inpainting. The expanded study offers rich insights to guide optimal selection and design of deep generative architectures for advancing image inpainting across diverse applications.
Deciphering the tissue-specific functional effect of Alzheimer risk SNPs with deep genome annotation
Authors: Pugalenthi Pradeep Varathan , He Bing , Xie Linhui , Nho Kwangsik , Saykin Andrew J , Yan Jingwen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a highly heritable brain dementia, along with substantial failure of cognitive function. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have led to a significant set of SNPs associated with AD and related traits. GWAS hits usually emerge as clusters where a lead SNP with the highest significance is surrounded by other less significant neighboring SNPs. Although functionality is not guaranteed even with the strongest associations in GWASs, lead SNPs have historically been the focus of the field, with the remaining associations inferred to be redundant. Recent deep genome annotation tools enable the prediction of function from a segment of a DNA sequence with significantly improved precision, which allows in-silico mutagenesis to interrogate the functional effect of SNP alleles. In this project, we explored the impact of top AD GWAS hits on chromatin functions and whether it will be altered by the genetic context (i.e., alleles of neighboring SNPs). Our results showed that highly correlated SNPs in the same LD block could have distinct impacts on downstream functions. Although some GWAS lead SNPs showed dominant functional effects regardless of the neighborhood SNP alleles, several other SNPs did exhibit enhanced loss or gain of function under certain genetic contexts, suggesting potential additional information hidden in the LD blocks and the need for reanalysis of GWAS findings as clusters.
Analysis of CCND3 mutations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Hua Wei , Li Yue , Yin Hua , Du Kai-Xin , Zhang Xin-Yu , Wu Jia-Zhu , Liang Jun-Heng , Shen Hao-Rui , Gao Rui , Li Jian-Yong , Wang Li , Liang Jin-Hua , Xu Wei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), accounts for 30–40% of newly diagnosed lymphomas, has an overall cure rate of approximately 60%. Despite previous reports suggesting a negative prognostic association between CCND3 mutations and Burkitt lymphoma, their prognostic implications in DLBCL remain controversial. To investigate this, we evaluated CCND3 mutation status in 2059 DLBCL patient samples from four database (integrated cohort) and additional 167 DLBCL patient samples in our center (JSPH cohort). The mutation was identified in 5.9% (132/2226) of the cases in the integrated cohort, with 86% (97/113) found in exon 5. Furthermore, P284, R271, I290 and Q276 are described as CCND3 mutation hotspots. CCND3 mutation was associated with decreased overall survival (OS) in the integrated cohort (P = 0.0407). Further subgroup analysis revealed that patients diagnosed as EZB subtype DLBCL by LymphGen algorithm with CCND3 mutations had poorer OS than patients diagnosed as EZB subtype without CCND3 mutations (P = 0.0140). Using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the JSPH cohort, it was found that both cell cycle and DNA replication pathways were highly upregulated in patients with CCND3 mutations. Our results suggest that CCND3 mutations can serve as a novel prognostic factor in DLBCL pathogenesis. Consequently, the development of personalized therapeutic strategies for DLBCL patients with CCND3 mutations might enhance their prognosis.
Targeting excessive skin cholesterol deposition driven by lymphatic insufficiency alleviates secondary lymphedema
Authors: Angeli Veronique , Lim Hwee Ying , Azhar Syaza Hazwany Mohammad , Yunos Mohamed Ameen Shah Bin Mohamed , Zhang Yuning , Thiam Chung Hwee , Tan Shu Wen , Lim Sheau Yng , Goh Jasmine , Ng Si Hui , Cochran Blake , Tham Wai Kin , Ang Owen , Mause Sebastian , Torta Federico , WENK MARKUS , Rye Kerry-Anne , Tan Bien Keem 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lymphedema is a chronic debilitating disease caused by impaired lymphatic drainage and is characterized by tissue swelling, fat expansion, inflammation, and fibrosis1,2. However, the exact mechanisms driving lymphedema are poorly understood. Lymphatic vessels are known to transport lipids including cholesterol from peripheral tissues back to the blood circulation3 but the impact of impaired lymphatic drainage on cholesterol clearance in humans and its potential effects on tissue homeostasis are still unknown. Here, we show that lymphatic drainage insufficiency in human lymphedema leads to excessive cholesterol accumulation in subcutaneous tissue. Cholesterol deposition resulted in adipose tissue remodeling, progressing from adipocyte hypertrophy and dysfunction to death and tissue fibrosis. Surgical therapy, on the other hand reversed the process through improved lymphatic drainage, ultimately resulting in reduced cholesterol deposition. We established a mouse model that better reproduces the features of human lymphedema and demonstrated that tissue swelling, adipocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis were reversed by cholesterol depleting agents including high-density lipoprotein and cyclodextrin (CD) that improved lymphatic drainage upon increasing cholesterol clearance and/or solubility. Ex vivo, CD also efficiently removed cholesterol from human lymphedematous skin biopsy samples. Our study unravels the central role of impaired cholesterol clearance in driving lymphedema progression by promoting adipose tissue remodeling and identifies tissue cholesterol as a promising therapeutic target for this disease which is incurable. Our work highlights the importance of optimal lymphatic drainage to protect against excess cholesterol and its harmful effects. This concept is known in atherosclerosis and may apply to other human diseases including neurological disorders, liver, and metabolic diseases.
Brillouin Expanded Time-Domain Analysis based on Dual Optical Frequency Combs
Authors: Song Kwang-Yong , Yoon Jae Hyeong , Martin-Lopez Sonia , Gonzalez-Herraez Miguel , Fernández-Ruiz María 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis (BOTDA) is a widely-used distributed optical fiber sensing technology employing pulse-modulated pump waves for local information retrieval of the Brillouin gain or loss spectra. The spatial resolution of BOTDA systems is intrinsically linked to pulse duration, so high-resolution measurements demand high electronic bandwidths inversely proportional to the resolution. This paper introduces Brillouin Expanded Time-Domain Analysis (BETDA) as a modified BOTDA system, simultaneously achieving high spatial resolution and low detection bandwidth. Utilizing two optical frequency combs (OFCs) with different frequency intervals as pump and probe, local Brillouin gain spectra are recorded by their spectral beating traces in an expanded time domain. A 2-cm-long hotspot located at 230 m single-mode fiber is successfully measured in the time domain with a detection bandwidth of less than 100 kHz using dual OFCs with tailored spectral phase, line spacing, and bandwidth.
Disturbance Observer - Based Finite-Time Fault Tolerant Control of Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles with Command Filtered and Event-Triggered Techniques
Authors: Sun Yun , Gai Yulin , Chen Ming , Wang Hangqing , Peng Kaixiang , Wu Libing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article primarily focuses on the finite-time
fault-tolerant tracking control problem of quadrotor unmanned
aerial vehicle (UAV) systems. A simple cubic form of the
Lyapunov function is employed, which avoids the limitations
imposed by the previous absolute value form. Additionally,
the command filter technology and a disturbance observer are
introduced. The former effectively addresses the challenges of
complex coupling matrix differentiation during controller design,
while the latter approximates unknown disturbance terms in the
model. Moreover, the application of an event-triggered strategy
enhances the utilization of communication resources. The overall
approach combines the backstepping method and finite-time
Lyapunov stability to prove the finite-time stability of all the
signals in the system. Finally, the effectiveness and rationality of
the algorithm are verified through simulation experiments and
its application on an actual simulation platform
Genomic and transcriptome analyses reveal the molecular basis for erucic acid biosynthesis in seeds of rapeseed (Brassica napus)
Authors: Xu Shiqi , Chen Shan , Cai Jialing , Yan Tao , Tu Mengxin , Wang Ruisen , Hua Shuijin , Jiang Lixi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Erucic acid (EA) is an important quality trait in rapeseed with low EA content (LEAC) oil being recognized as a healthy edible oil and high EA oil holding industrial value. Despite its importance, the consequences of intensive selection for LEAC genotype and the genes associated with EA regulation remain largely unknown. Here, we employed selective signal analyses (SSA), genome-wide association study (GWAS), and transcriptome analyses to enhance our understanding on the molecular base of EA regulation. Our investigation revealed the genetic footprints resulting from LEAC selection in germplasm populations, highlighting genetic regions for enriching diversity. Through GWAS, we identified 654 genes, including enzymes involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis and various transcription factors, that significantly associated with EAC variation. By combining SSA, GWAS, and transcriptome analyses, a subset of 23 genes that have a significant impact on EAC in seeds is recommended. Example genes such as Fatty Acid Elongation 1 and Methylcrotonoyl-CoA Carboxylase Beta Chain were selected to illustrate the SNP distributions, haplotypes for EAC phenotypes and the development of molecular marker to distinguish LEAC and HEAC genotypes. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of EA regulation and shed light on the manipulation of the genes regulating EA biosynthesis.
Microscale analysis of the fish Knightia eocaena taphonomy: implications for preservation by bacterial mats
Authors: Rogers Garrett A , Pittinger Dakota , Simpson Edward L , Friehauf Kurt 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy System (EDS) examination of well-preserved Knightia eocaena from the Eocene Green River documents the presence of bacteriomorphs. Bacteriomorphs in samples from the_ Fossil Butte Member consists of fibers with two types and spherical structures, all with associated framboidal Fe-oxides. Fibers and spheres consist of external molds composed of nano-scale calcium carbonate spheres. Fish bone surfaces are corroded by framboids and euhedral rhombohedral molds. Fe-oxide framboids have an amorphous exterior and a sieve-like internal structure. The sieve-like structure consists of nannometer-scale pores with wall composed of 100 nm scale spheres. Fe-oxides are consistent with bacterial-mediated precipitation of pyrite followed by an oxidation event. The presence of the preserved bacteriomorphs is consistent with degradation of soft tissue degradation into adipocere limiting the preservation of soft tissue and leaving refracted bone.
A portable affective computing system for identifying mate preference
Authors: Yuan Guangjie , Wang Tao , Ju Wei , Fu Sai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Recognizing individuals' preference states for potential romantic partners based on electroencephalography (EEG) signals holds significant application value in enhancing matchmaking success rates and preventing romantic fraud. Despite some progress has been made in this field, challenges such as high-dimensional feature space and channel redundancy have hindered the translation of this technology. This paper explores how to find out the most discriminative EEG features and channels to reduce data collection, thereby enhancing the convenience and translational potential of EEG-based romantic attraction recognition systems. For this purpose, the present study initially devised an interesting simulated mate selection experiment to gather the required data. Subsequently, EEG features were extracted from different dimensions, encompassing frequency band power and asymmetry index features. Additionally, recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm and frequency-based feature subset integration algorithm (FFSI) were integrated as a novel approach for EEG feature and channel selection. Lastly, random forest classifier (RFC) was employed to identify individuals' preference states for potential romantic partners to validate the performance of RFE-FFSI. Experimental results demonstrate that the features in the optimal feature subset primarily come from electrodes located on the frontal lobe, and an average classification accuracy of 88.09% can be achieved based on this optimal feature subset.
Analysis on the Law of Mine Pressure and the Adaptability of Supports in Filling Coal Mining under the Condition of Repeated Mining
Authors: Huang Rongbin , Dong Mingming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Based on the 31205 filling face in Northern Shaanxi, China, this paper uses the combination of numerical simulation, field measurement and data analysis to analyze the law of overburden stress distribution, the behavior law of periodic pressure and the stress characteristics of support in the process of filling coal mining under repeated mining conditions. Affected by the arch forming effect of the upper working face, the stress of the surrounding rock under the upper coal pillar is obviously concentrated.The roof of the lower coal seam presents the stress characteristics of plate structure, which leads to the obvious increase of the vertical stress of the surrounding rock at the boundary of the lower goaf. However, affected by the upper goaf, the roof support point moves below the upper coal pillar. Under the load transfer action of the upper coal pillar, the lower surrounding rock is prone to plastic failure, resulting in violent movement of the surrounding rock. Compared with the surrounding rock under the goaf, the movement of overburden under the coal pillar is more intense. The periodic pressure law of the working face below the upper coal pillar is different from that of the working face below the upper goaf. Affected by the upper coal seam, the support resistance is asymmetrically distributed, and its maximum support resistance is located below the upper coal pillar.
Impact of beef cattle on eucalyptus trees in a silvopastoral system
Authors: Carneiro L. Souza , Pontes L. Silveira , Rodrigues D. , Mendes L. Chiezi , Porfírio-da-Silva V. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Eucalyptus species are widely adopted in silvopastoral systems in Brazil due to their adaptive potential to different climates and soils. However, damages caused by cattle to trees may compromise the system’s success. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of beef cattle on Eucalyptus grandis clone GPC 23 trees during the grazing period in an integrated crop-livestock with trees (CLT) system of Avena strigosa + Lolium multiflorum. The effect of two N levels (50 x 150 kg/ha) on animal and forage production were also evaluated, with the integrated crop-livestock system (CL) serving as control. The experimental design was randomized blocks of treatments arranged in a 2×2 factorial scheme (2 systems x 2 N levels), with three replicates. In winter 2022, forage production and animal performance, assessed as average daily gain (ADG) and live weight gain (LW) per area per day (Gha/day), were evaluated during 139 days of grazing. Total forage production, ADG, and Gha/day were higher in CL (7972 ± 775.7 kg DM/ha, 0.799 ± 0.0392 kg/animal/day and 4.27 ± 0.259 kg LW/ha/day, respectively) than in (6478 ± 350.9 kg DM/ha, 0.638 ± 0.0546 kg/animal/day and 2.91 ± 0.259 kg LW/ha/day), even at similar sward heights (between 22 and 24 cm). The animals damaged the bark of the trees, even after the trees had reached a diameter at breast height of 9.9 cm. The damage was classified as high intensity in 91.1% of the trees, affecting their quality as sawn wood. Preventive measures must be adopted regarding the use of E. grandis in a silvopastoral system with cool-season grasses.
Electrical De-poling and Re-poling of Relaxor-PbTiO3 Piezoelectric Single Crystals without Heat Treatment
Authors: Jiang Xiaoning , Kim Hwang-Pill , Zhang Mao-Hua , Wang Bo , Wu Huaiyu , Moon Sunho , Xu Zhengze , Yamashita Yohachi , Ryu Jong , Liu Jun , Zhang Shujun , Chen Long-Qing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Re-poling of unexpected partially depoled piezoelectric materials conventionally need to be first fully depoled through annealing above their Curie temperature (Tc) to revive piezoelectric performances. Here, we investigated de-poling and re-poling of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) single crystals under electric fields at room temperature. We found that alternating current (AC) electric fields with amplitudes near the coercive field (Ec) at low frequencies (< 10 Hz) can be employed to successfully depolarize poled crystals at room temperature. We also demonstrated a reversible polarization switching process with a relaxor-PT single crystal ultrasound transducer without device performance degradation. This experimental observation is supported by phase-field simulation, showing that AC electric fields can readily induce de-poling at room temperature, while DC electric fields induce a transient depoled state only within an uncontrollable short period of time. The findings suggested new strategies for unprecedented in-device tailoring of the polarization states of ferroelectric materials.
Risk-Aware Framework Development for Disruption Prediction:Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D Survival Analysis
Authors: Keith Zander , Nagpal Chirag , Rea Cristina , Tinguely R. Alex 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Survival regression models can achieve longer warning times at similar receiver operating characteristic performance than previously investigated models. Survival regression models are also shown to predict the time until a disruption will occur with lower error than other predictors. Time-to-event predictions from time-series data can be obtained with a survival analysis statistical framework, and there have been many tools developed for this task which we aim to apply to disruption prediction. Using the open-source Auton-Survival package we have implemented disruption predictors with the survival regression models Cox Proportional Hazards, Deep Cox Proportional Hazards, and Deep Survival Machines. To compare with previous work, we also include predictors using a Random Forest binary classifier, and a conditional Kaplan-Meier formalism. We benchmarked the performance of these five predictors using experimental data from Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D by simulating alarms on each individual shot. We find that developing machine-relevant metrics to evaluate models is an important area for future work. While this study finds cases where disruptive conditions are not predicted, there are instances where the desired outcome is produced. Giving the plasma control system the expected time-to-disruption will allow it to determine the optimal actuator response in real-time to minimize risk of damage to the device.
Formulation and Evaluation of Microneedle Patch Raloxifene for Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: SUPRIYA ODDAPELLI SAI , KAMERE KISHORE , VIJAYKUMAR GAMPA 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Micro needle patches are the novel dosage form in transdermal drug delivery systems with improved penetration to skin. In this study we fabricated micro needle patches containing Raloxifene an immunosuppressant drug by using polymer thiolated chitosan that in turn was developed by adding thiol group to chitosan. These micro needle patches were further evaluated for their mechanical, physical and chemical parameters. The optimized micro needle patch having 225 needles with 665 µm length, 90 µm width showed good penetration i.e 84% and better percent elongation. In-vitro and ex-vivo penetration studies on rat skin using Franz diffusion cell showed sustained release of (85%) Raloxifene in its comparative study with Raloxifene ointment. HPLC analysis also showed 91.7% release of drug from optimized formulation of micro needle patch. Finally the recent progress proved that micro needle patches of thiolated chitosan loaded with Raloxifene for transdermal drug delivery have the potential to show therapeutic outcomes with improved bioavailability and sustained release of drug over a longer period.
A sexually transmitted sugar orchestrates reproductive responses to nutritional stress
Authors: Kim Young Joon , Kim Seong-Jin , Lee Kang-min , Park Si Hyung , Yang Taekyun , Song Ingyu , Rai Fumika , Yun Minsik , Zhang Chen , Dus Monica , Kim Jae-Il , Lee Sunjae , Suh Greg S. B. , Niwa Ryusuke , Park Zee Yong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Seminal fluid is rich in sugars, but their role beyond supporting sperm motility is unknown. In this study, we found Drosophila melanogaster males transfer a substantial amount of a phospho-galactoside to females during mating, but only half as much when undernourished. This seminal substance, which we named venerose, induces an increase in germline stem cells (GSCs) and promotes sperm storage in females, especially undernourished ones. Venerose enters the hemolymph and directly activates nutrient-sensing Dh44+ neurons in the brain. Food deprivation directs the nutrient-sensing neurons to secrete more of the neuropeptide Dh44 in response to infused venerose. The secreted Dh44 then enhances the local niche signal, stimulating GSC proliferation. It also extends the retention of ejaculate by females, resulting in greater venerose absorption and increased sperm storage. In this study, we uncovered the role of a sugar-like seminal substance produced by males that coordinates reproductive responses to nutritional challenges in females.