bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization analysis of ultra‐high‐rise steel structure construction based on carbon emission
Authors: He Jianian , Fu Lei , Hu Jie , Lv Yanwei , Chen Shizhe , He Zhiming , Miao Weilin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCarbon reduction is an important issue of global concern today, and with the construction industry accounting for a significant portion of global carbon emissions, carbon reduction research for the civil engineering industry is becoming increasingly important. The current research on carbon emission of buildings mainly focus on energy consumption, choice of building materials, and energy‐saving technologies. While different construction programs can affect the construction sequence and have a significant impact on carbon emissions, especially for ultra‐high‐rise steel structures. In this paper, carbon emission is introduced as the optimization objective, and a nodal optimization procedure based on carbon emission is given to explore the optimization scheme of ultra‐high‐rise steel structure construction based on carbon emission. Calculations using the carbon emission factor method were carried out to analyze the differences in carbon emissions between different construction schemes and to explore the impact of the method of carbon emission optimization. Results show that the combined lifting scheme can save 463.4 kg carbon emissions and reduce the number of lifts by 780 times.
A flexible transparent graphene/metal–organic framework complex hybrid chemical sensor for highly sensitive ethanol detection
Authors: Kim Yong Hee , Choi Chang Ho , Song Hyun Woo , Lee Eun Kwang , Kim Dong‐Pyo , Oh Joon Hak 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh‐performance flexible and transparent chemical sensors are key to achieving wearable electronics. Graphene with high transmittance and electrical properties is a suitable material for flexible and transparent chemical sensors. However, graphene has low detectivity to chemical substances. Here, we report hybrid chemical sensors fabricated by introducing a highly flat and smooth metal–organic framework (MOF) on graphene. The graphene chemical sensors functionalized with MOF on SiO2/Si wafer exhibit 22 times higher sensitivity of 6.07 μA ppm−1 in detecting ethanol than that of pristine graphene transistors of 0.28 μA ppm−1 and a low detection limit of 1 ppm. Furthermore, a flexible transparent 7 × 7 chemical sensor array exhibits great driving stability after the bending cycles of 105 at a bending radius of 1.0 mm and shows sensitivity of 0.11 μA ppm−1. Our findings demonstrate an efficient way to improve the chemical sensing ability of graphene for application in wearable chemical sensors.image
Bilateral fumarate hydratase deficient renal cell carcinoma in a patient with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome
Authors: Ono Akihiro , Nakamura Masaki , Takada Takuya , Miura Sakiko , Tsuru Ibuki , Izumi Taro , Kusakabe Masashi , Mitarai Sachiko , Nagashima Yoji , Kume Haruki , Morikawa Teppei , Shiga Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionPatients with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) syndrome have high risks of uterine and cutaneous leiomyomas and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which are caused by germline mutation of the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene. RCC lesions are mostly high‐grade tumors with a poor prognosis.Case presentationA 37‐year‐old man who had previously undergone treatment for a left RCC was referred to our hospital with a diagnosis of right RCC. Robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy was performed, and the pathological diagnosis revealed fumarate hydratase (FH)‐deficient RCC. The left RCC, which was originally diagnosed as mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, was reviewed and diagnosed as FH‐deficient RCC. The patient's father and uncle both died of RCC, and the father's tumor was also immunohistochemically proven to be FH‐deficient RCC.ConclusionHLRCC‐related RCC should be considered in a differential diagnosis of young patients with a family history of RCC.
Hepatobiliary Disease in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Roy C. C. , Weber A. M. , Morin C. L. , Lepage G. , Brisson G. , Yousef I. , Lasalle R. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe incidence of hepatobiliary complications of cystic fibrosis (CF) has been increasing in parallel with the rate of survival. Detection of hepatic involvement remains a problem, as liver function tests, serum bile acid determinations, and ultrasonography do not permit an early diagnosis. The pathogenesis of cholelithiasis has been elucidated in the past few years. However, the mechanism leading to the pathognomonic CF lesion, focal biliary cirrhosis, is still unknown. There are indications that mucus plugging may be the ancestral lesion and the triggering factor. The possibility that correction of the abnormalities of bile acid metabolism could slow the progress or prevent CF cirrhosis is discussed in light of recent experimental data.
Feeding Practices and Early Neonatal Jaundice
Authors: Kuhr Murray , Paneth Nigel 
Published: January 2024

SummaryWe studied rates of early neonatal jaundice in 135 consecutive well newborns in relation to feeding practice. Breast‐fed infants had significantly (p < 0.01) higher rates of jaundice than bottle‐fed infants. In a subset of breast‐fed infants, sugar water intake in the first 3 days of life was significantly and inversely related to estimated volume of breast milk intake on the 4th day (r = −0.35, p < 0.05). Breast‐fed infants with high sugar water intake in the first 3 days, and low breast milk intake on the 4th day, tended to have higher rates of jaundice, but these results were not statistically significant. These data raise the possibility that in breast‐fed infants, sugar water intake may reduce the stimulus to nurse, and thereby increase the risk of jaundice.
Serum Phosphorus in Protein Energy Malnutrition
Authors: Freiman Ida , Pettifor John M. , Moodley Gopal M. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryPhosphorus depletion in malnutrition has not generally received attention. Serum phosphorus was measured in healthy infants (1.8 mmol/L), in well‐nourished infants with acute dehydrating gastroenteritis, and in infants suffering from malnutrition. Serum phosphorus levels were found to be low in well‐nourished infants with acute dehydrating gastroenteritis (1.32 mmol/L) and exceptionally low in infants with kwashiorkor (1.10 mmol/L) especially when the latter condition was accompanied by severe diarrhoea (0.66 mmol/L). Hypophosphatemia, as well as hypokalemia, was associated with marked hypotonia. Low levels of serum phosphorus occurred in nine of the 10 malnourished children who died.
Increased Binding of Limulin to α2‐Macroglobulin and Immunoglobulin M from Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Owens‐Williams Laurina , Shapira Emmanuel 
Published: January 2024

SummaryIn the present study the binding of limulin, a lectin with sialic acid specificity, to three serum glycoproteins from controls and cystic fibrosis patients was compared. α2‐Macroglobulin from patients with cystic fibrosis was shown to have significantly increased binding to the lectin limulin when compared to that from healthy controls (t = 3.6, p < 0.01). The binding of limulin to immunoglobulin M (IgM) from cystic fibrosis patients was also shown to be significantly higher than the binding to IgM from controls (t = 3.6, p < 0.01). whereas no detectable binding of fluorescein‐conjugated limulin to immunoglobulin G from either cystic fibrosis patients or controls was observed. These findings support the hypothesis that the underlying inherited defect in cystic fibrosis might be an abnormal synthesis or degradation of glycoproteins and glycopeptides.
Application of a Rapid Dark Adaptation Test in Children
Authors: Solomons Noel W. , Russell Robert M. , Vinton Elizabeth , Guerrero Aura‐Marina , Mejia Luis 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe rapid dark adaptation test (after Thornton) has been shown to correlate with classical dark adaptation test results and vitamin A nutriture in adults. Using this test, 27 children in Guatemala (aged 5–12 years) and 18 children in Baltimore (aged 4 and 5 years) were studied. Plasma for vitamin A and zinc analysis was obtained from the Guatemalan children and dietary histories were obtained from the parents of the Baltimore children. All but two children (ages 4 and 5) were able to complete the study. For the Guatemalan group, the mean time to complete the test was 144 s. and for the Baltimore group, 171 s. Rapid dark adaptation test performance was significantly correlated to the dietary intake of vitamin A by a logarithmic model, p < 0.05. The rapid dark adaptation test appears to be acceptable for use in childhood populations and could complement biochemical determination of vitamin A and/or zinc in clinical settings, field surveys, and research.
Thyroxin‐Evoked Increase of Sucrase Activity in Lower Villus in the Jejunum of Adrenalectomized Suckling Rats
Authors: Bustamante Sergio , Neal Darren , Yamada Kazuhiko , Koldovskyý Otakar 
Published: January 2024

SummaryIntestinal sucrase activity, absent in the suckling rat, is evoked precociously by thyroid hormones. Since enterocytes migrate from crypt to villus tip, the question arises: at which level of the villus–crypt columns do the enterocytes respond with an increase of sucrase activity to thyroxin (T4)? Suckling rats (11 days old) were injected daily, subcutaneously, with T4 (2 μg/g BW/day). They were sacrificed 1, 2, and 3 days later. Sucrase activity was determined in homogenates of the entire jejunal wall and in serial homogenates of the villus–crypt columns using cryostat sectioning. Maximal increase of sucrase activity was seen after 3 days in the lower villus. Experiments were also done using rats adrenalectomized on day 10 to exclude the effect via precocious maturation of adrenal cortex. The same results were obtained. In conclusion, T4‐evoked increase of sucrase activity occurs first in enterocytes that are nearest the villus–crypt junction.
Hirschsprung's Disease in a Family with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2
Authors: Verdy Maurice , Weber Andrée M. , Roy Claude C. , Morin Claude L. , Cadotte Marcel , Brochu Pierre 
Published: January 2024

SummaryGastrointestinal symptoms are known to occur in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2. Patients with the variant 2b are at special risk and show diffuse intestinal ganglioneuromatosis. Megacolon is frequently an early X‐ray finding and is associated with hyperplastic ganglion cells and nerve plexuses. The unusual association of MEN type 2a with aganglionic megacolon is described in a kindred of 92 individuals. There were 15 cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), one case each of pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism, and eight cases of Hirschsprung's disease (five histologically proven). In these eight patients, the neonatal period was characterized by a delay in the passage of meconium. Three infants died from intestinal obstruction within the first 2 weeks of life. The diagnosis was missed in one girl who died despite laparotomy. Pull‐through procedures were successfully performed in three other infants. The last individual suffered from constipation and several bouts of intestinal obstruction before being operated on at the age of 19. He was subsequently found to have MTC and underwent surgery, but recurrence was recently documented. The four living patients were reevaluated. Rectal manometry could not elicit internal sphincter relaxation, thus confirming the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. Biopsies of the remaining colon contained normal ganglion cells and nerve fibers, thereby eliminating the possibility of aganglionosis and ganglioneuromatosis in different parts of the large bowel of the same individual. It is concluded that Hirschsprung's disease might be responsible for bowel obstruction in MEN type 2. In familial cases of aganglionic bowel, the possibility of MEN should be ruled out by family history and appropriate testing.
Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Contents of Human Milk During Early Lactation
Authors: Feeley Ruth M. , Eitenmiller Ronald R. , Jones J. Benton , Barnhart Harold 
Published: January 2024

SummaryEarly milk samples from 102 American mothers were examined for Ca, P, and Mg contents in relation to stage of lactation, intake of prenatal mineral supplements, maternal age, parity, and previous history of lactation. A total of 415 samples were collected at three stages of lactation: early transitional (4–7 days postpartum): transitional (10–14 days postpartum): and mature (30–45 days postpartum). No diurnal variations in element concentrations were observed in representative samples of late evening (PM) and early morning (AM) feedings collected during the transitional and mature stages. The mean concentrations for the major elements were highest in early transitional milk and in some cases decreased significantly (p < 0.05) as lactation progressed. Ca, P, and Mg contents (means ± SEM) were 26.3 ± 0.6., 14.6 ± 0.4, 5.3 ± 0.1 mg/100 g in early transitional milk and 26.2 ± 0.5, 13.3 ± 0.3, and 5.0 ± 0.1 in mature milk, respectively. Increasing uniformity in the elemental content of milk was noted among the mothers as lactation became established. No significant relationship was found between intake of dietary supplements containing Ca and Mg and levels of these elements in milk. Also, no significant correlations were found between maternal age, parity, or previous history of lactation and the elemental content of milk. From these data, it was estimated that fully breast‐fed infants would receive approximately 33, 18, and 6.5 mg/kg/day of Ca, P, and Mg, respectively, during the neonatal period.
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Soy Protein‐Induced Damage of Small Bowel Mucosa in Infants
Authors: Poley J. Rainer , Klein Albert W. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryObservations are reported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of soy protein‐induced villous atrophy and mucosal recovery in two infants aged 5 weeks and 4 1/2 months. Whereas, by light microscopy, the mucosal lesions appeared similar, i.e., a flat mucosa, their appearance by SEM was different: the damage appeared more severe in the younger infant, although there was a shorter period of exposure to soy protein. The mucosal architecture was restudied 6 weeks after the initial biopsy. The degree of mucosal reconstruction was more advanced in the older infant—the one who showed less severe damage by SEM on the first biopsy. Although these investigations by SEM of damaged small bowel mucosa in soy protein intolerance did not contribute definite information to clarify the pathogenesis of villous atrophy in this condition, the injury was consistent with a lectin‐induced toxicity, similar to the one postulated for celiac disease. SEM seems eminently suited to study of the effect of interactions between environment and host at mucosal surfaces; and finer gradations of damage to small bowel mucosa can be determined better by SEM, while this is not possible by light microscopy. Of interest was the rather extensive colonization of the mucosal surface by microorganisms in one of the two patients. However, the contribution of microbial colonization to mucosal damage could not be assessed.
99mTc‐HIDA Cholescintigraphy in Children with Dubin‐Johnson Syndrome
Authors: Bujanover Yoram , Bar‐Meir Simon , Hayman Israel , Baron Jack 
Published: January 2024

SummaryTc‐HIDA cholescintigraphy in Dubin‐Johnson syndrome (DJS) demonstrates intense prolonged homogeneous visualization of the liver, together with delayed visualization of the gall bladder and extrahepatic ducts. Such a cholescintigram has not been described for any other hyperbilirubinemic state. Because it is a nonin‐vasive and easy technique, it is recommended for the evaluation of children suspected of having DJS.
Partial Hydrolysis of Cow's Milk Proteins by Human Trypsins and Elastases In Vitro
Authors: Jakobsson Irene , Borulf Stefan , Lindberg Tor , Benediktsson Birgitta 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe hydrolysis of bovine a‐lactalbumin, β‐lactoglobulin, and casein by human anodal and cathodal trypsins and elastases was studied with the aid of electroimmunoassay and sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The rate of hydrolysis of the various proteins by cathodal elastase exceeded that by anodal or cathodal trypsin and anodal elastase. Casein was hydrolyzed more efficiently than a‐lactalbumin or β‐lactoglobulin. The hydrolysis of the three proteins occurred at a considerably slower rate when present in crude form, as in cow's milk, than when in purified form.
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Reye's Syndrome
Authors: Faraj Bahjat A. , Newman Stephen L. , Caplan Daniel B. , Ahmann Peter A. , Kutner Michael , Ali Farouk M. , Lindahl Julie A. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryPlatelet and liver monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity (mean ± SD) was evaluated in patients with liver‐biopsy‐proven Reye's syndrome. MAO was measured by a radioenzymatic technique with [3H]tyramine as a substrate. A marked decrease in MAO activity [3.3 ± 2.4 nmol of [3H]4‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid formed X (mg protein)‐1 x h‐1] was observed in platelets on admission in all patients (n = 13) with Reye's syndrome when compared with hospitalized patients without liver disease (n = 8) [9.8 ± 2.5 nmol of [3H]4‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid formed x (mg protein)‐1 x h‐1] and with liver disease (n = 10) [9.1 ± 2.0 nmol of [3H]4‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid formed x (mg protein)‐1 x h‐1]. Following recovery from the disease, platelet MAO approached levels that were not significantly different from those of controls. Contrastingly, reduction of hepatic MAO in Reye's syndrome was similar to that seen in patients with liver disease of different etiologies. These studies suggest that reduced platelet MAO activity is a specific abnormality in Reye's syndrome, and it may be representative of generalized impairment of mitochondrial function in these patients. Furthermore, the pattern of liver and platelet MAO activity in Reye's syndrome may allow for the differentiation of this disease from other hepatopathologic conditions.
Rumination Syndrome in Children Treated by Increased Holding
Authors: Whitehead William E. , Drescher Vincent M. , Morrill‐Corbin Elizabeth , Cataldo Michael F. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryRumination syndrome the frequent regurgitation of previously ingested food into the mouth where it is chewed is a common, life‐threatening disorder of retarded individuals. Four cases are described in which holding a retarded, ruminating child for 10–15 min before, during, and after meals, was associated with remission of rumination. Simple holding was effective in three; in the fourth, it was necessary to punish the child by putting her into a separate room for 3 min immediately after regurgitations. A within‐subject reversal experimental design suggested that holding and not simple distraction was the effective component of the treatment. Treatment benefits were well maintained when the child returned to a home environment in which he or she continued to be held periodically. It is proposed that there are two behavioral etiologies for idiopathic rumination syndrome social deprivation and reward learning through increased attention for regurgitation. Holding is the treatment of choice for the first type, and punishment with time out may be necessary to suppress regurgitation in the second type.
Intestinal Sugar Permeability
Authors: Ford R. P. K. , Menzies I. S. , Phillips A. D. , Walker J. A. , Turner M. W. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe permeability of the intestine was studied in 39 children (1 month to 3 years of age) with diarrhoea and in 28 children (6 months to 15 years of age) undergoing duodenal biopsy. Permeability was measured by differential absorption from an isotonic oral load containing 3.5 g lactulose, 0.5 g L rhamnose, 0.5 g D xylose, and 5 g lactose. Urinary sugar excretion was determined by quantitative thin layer chromatography. Children with acute gastroenteritis had a greatly increased permeability, with a mean lactulose/L rhamnose excretion ratio of 0.43 ± 0.31 (normal < 0.07). Children retested 3 16 weeks after complete recovery of their gastroenteritis had normal permeability (0.045 ± 0.018). Children with chronic diarrhoea also had an increased permeability (0.12 ± 0.074), but significantly less than the acute gastroenteritis group (p < 0.01). Abnormal proximal small bowel morphology was associated with increased permeability, and a strong correlation between crypt depth and permeability was observed (r = 0.66, p < 0.001). Abnormal intestinal permeability was associated with diarrhoeal disease and with mucosal damage. It appears to be a reliable and useful index of mucosal integrity.
Early Intravenous Correction of Vitamin E Deficiency in Premature Infants
Authors: Gutcher Gary R. , Farrell Philip M. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryWe undertook to determine the efficacy of intravenousα tocopheryl acetate in rapidly correcting the vitamin E deficiency of the premature infant. Twenty nine infants were assigned to either a control or treatment group. The latter group received a median intravenous dose of 3 IU/kg/day α tocopheryl acetate as MVI 12 (USV Pharmaceuticals, Inc.). On days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 21, plasma tocopherol isomers and peroxide induced hemolysis were analyzed. While all but one control infant with initial tocopherol deficiency were still deficient on day 3, all but two of the treatment infants were normal. Rapid, safe correction is possible with an intravenous multivitamin preparation.
Efficient Storage System for Breath Hydrogen
Authors: Murray Robert D. , Kerzner Benny , MacLean William C. , McClung H. Juhling , Gilbert Merry 
Published: January 2024

Summary:Recommended materials for breath hydrogen collection (plastic syringes with twist lock closure) are only adequate for relatively brief periods because of gradual hydrogen loss and considerable variability between duplicate samples. To document the most favorable storage conditions for breath hydrogen, we compared hydrogen retention in plastic syringes using a conventional twist‐in‐lock closure versus a simple, inexpensive syringe closure, a Critocap. Hydrogen retention was studied at 25, 5, and – 20°C in two different syringe brands over 72 h of storage. An analysis of variance confirms the superiority of Critocaps over twist‐in‐lock closures (p < 0.001). Reliability was maximal when samples were placed in environments <5°C. When storage time was extended to 7 days, mean hydrogen retention was 86 ± 6% (± SD).
Crohn's Disease Activity
Authors: Zielen S. , Bender S. W. , Kreuz W. , Posselt H. ‐G. , Solem E. , Scharrer I. 
Published: January 2024

Summary:Twenty‐eight patients (mean age 13.5 years) with proven Crohn's disease were examined for factor VIII coagulation activity (VIII:C), factor VIII‐related antigen (VIII R:Ag), and factor VIII‐related ristocetin cofactor activity (VIII R:RCF). The factor VIII coagulation proteins were correlated with disease activity index according to van Hees and were compared with inflammatory parameters such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, c‐reactive protein, and orosomucoid. Among the factor VIII proteins, factor VIII‐related protein (VIII R:Ag) correlates best with van Hees disease activity index, orosomucoid, c‐reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p < 0.001 for all parameters). Since acute phase proteins are produced by liver cells, whereas VIII R:Ag is synthesized by endothelial cells, we postulate that this coagulation factor is highly sensitive in reflecting the inflammatory process in the intestine.