bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructures of Binary Oxides with an Inverse Opal Structure Used as Photoelectrodes for Water Splitting
Authors: Frontana-Uribe Bernardo A. , Ríos-Domínguez Manuel Humberto 
Published: December 2023

Recently, the weather has experienced changes and these have affected our life style. Fossil fuels used by the human have contributed to climate change and today it is impossible to modify. Researchers have studied different kind of fuels that could use daily. Currently, hydrogen, from water splitting, is the best way to substitute the fossil fuels because water is present around the World. In photoelectrochemistry, the electrodes have a great importance. Behaviour of each semiconductor as TiO2, Fe2O3, NiO, CuO, NiS, ZnO, Cu2O, etc., give us individual efficiency respect to solar light. Also, the semiconductor chosen, type of crystallinity and superficial area are important points for achieve high in efficiency. This review shows that inverse opal has a greater contact compared to rod, cauliflower, nanotubes, etc. Different ways to deposit the polystyrene allows us gain more contact area and better photoelectrode efficiency. The main routes used to obtain binary oxides deposits, as electrophoretic, spin coating, vertical submersion, etc., help us to control polystyrene arrangement and obtain a uniform template. These techniques are discussed along this contribution.

Resumen. Recientemente, el clima ha experimentado cambios que han afectado a nuestro estilo de vida. Los combustibles fósiles utilizados por el ser humano han contribuido al cambio climático y hoy es imposible modificarlo. Los investigadores estudian diferentes tipos de combustibles que podrían utilizarse diaria y actualmente, el hidrógeno, a partir de la ruptura de la molécula de agua, es la mejor manera de sustituir los combustibles fósiles porque el agua está presente en todo el mundo. En fotoelectroquímica, los electrodos tienen una gran importancia. El comportamiento de cada semiconductor como TiO2, Fe2O3, NiO, CuO, NiS, ZnO, Cu2O, etc., tiene cada uno una eficiencia individual respecto a la luz solar que reciben. Además, del semiconductor elegido, el tipo de cristalinidad y el área superficial de este son puntos determinantes para alcanzar un alto grado de eficiencia. La presente revisión muestra que el ópalo inverso tiene un mayor contacto y eficiencia en comparación con las varillas, la coliflor, los nanotubos, etc. Diferentes formas de depositar el poliestireno como molde nos permiten obtener mayor área de contacto y mejor eficiencia del fotoelectrodo semiconductor. Las principales vías utilizadas para obtener depósitos de óxidos binarios, como electroforesis vertical, etc., nos ayudan a controlar la disposición del poliestireno y obtener una capa uniforme. Estas técnicas se discuten a lo largo de esta contribución.
A Semantical Analysis on Amir Hamzah Poems
Authors: Supatmiwati Diah , Dewantar Heryono Panca , Absussamad Zainuddin 
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the lexical meaning of Amir Hamzah's poem Ibu Dehulu and to identify its referential meaning. In producing a poem, only a few writers like Amir Hamzah produce a poem that contains implied meanings or meanings that are not written down clearly or explicitly through the words written in his poems. Although this poem is an old poem, this poem is contained aesthetic messages and is still interesting and worth reading until now. Based on the explanation and the condition above, the writer is interested in reviewing and analyzing five famous poems by Amir Hamzah through semantic studies. In reviewing the poem, the writer focuses on two types of meaning contained in the semantic field such as lexical meaning, and referential meaning The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, since the analyzed data were described qualitatively. Qualitative research is a research design that has three formats. The three formats include descriptive, verification, and grounded research formats, then described based on lexical and referential used as a reference for research. The results showed that in the Ibu Dehulu poem by Amir Hamzah selected by the author, there were 5 lexical words that have and referential meanings
An Analysis of Main Character in the Book “Bawang Merah and Bawang Putih”
Authors: Dewi Ni Luh Komang Puspa , Agung I Gusti Ayu Mahatma 
Published: December 2023

Folk tales can be used as a media to teach moral values ​​to children. Folk tale is told from generation to generation through oral tradition. Since it is conveyed orally, several versions of the folk tale are sometimes found in society. This study aims to find out the differences in plot and characterization in the two versions of the folk tale“Bawang Merah dan Bawang Putih”. The descriptive qualitative method was applied in this study. The researchers analyzed the characters and plots in two folk tale books entitled “Bawang Merah dan Bawang Putih” and “Bawang dan Kesuna”. The data of characterization was classified and analyzed using the theory proposed by Mays (2018). Based on the analysis, the results showed that there were three differences in the characterization, namely differences in family relations, differences in parental behavior, and differences in personality. Furthermore, there were also differences found in the plot, namely unfortunate events, unexpected gifts, evil ideas, and sad endings.
Representation of Gender-Based Violence Words in Genshin Impact
Authors: Maharditya I.G.N Adhimas 
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to examine a representation of gender-based violence words inside video games. This study focused on processing textual data inside video games, where Genshin Impact’s in-game textual data is the chosen object of research. In previous research regarding modern media, gender male was always related to violence words more than female. Uncovering the result from the comparison of violence words used Genshin between males and females is the main goal of this study. Genshin was chosen because of the dominant number of female characters (33) compared to male characters (17), which piqued my curiosity if this game is able to change the culture where female characters can be more related to violence words. A mixed-method analysis is used as the core method of this research, as aside from statistical analysis by corpus software, culture, and social aspects are also analyzed based on statistical results. The result shows that despite a big difference in character count, male characters still have more relation to violence words than female characters by around 2%.
The Scottish Enlightenment and the Father of Russian Jurisprudence
Authors: Brown Archie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Desnitskii was the leading explicator in Catherine II’s Russia of British thought, especially that of the Scottish Enlightenment, and of British institutions, an influential teacher, and a socially engaged intellectual. The author, in earlier work, showed that Chapter 22 of Catherine’s Nakaz was directly influenced by Desnitskii and, indirectly, by the Moscow University Law professor’s esteemed Glasgow teacher, Adam Smith. This new article draws on digitized archival sources to cast additional light on the Scottish education of Desnitskii and his colleague Ivan Tret’iakov – on the professors with whom they interacted, the lectures they attended, and the books they read. Desnitskii was profoundly influenced by Smith and by Law Professor John Millar, and well acquainted with the inventor James Watt whom he urged Catherine to invite to Russia. In his extensive reform proposals to the Empress, Desnitskii especially championed the raznochintsy, seeking a role for them in the governing of Russia.
The Seventeenth-Century Uralic Peoples and Language Processes
Authors: Brown Peter B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Customarily, studies of Early Modern Russia stress agency emanating from below or from policy-makers at the top. This investigation chooses a middle path by examining the contributions of low-ranking administrative workers to homogenizing records-keeping through the creation of surnames. This was no easy task as these government personnel, with or without central direction, had to contrive criteria to formulate surname-creation. Surnames derived from occupations, physical characteristics, and perceived personality traits were one solution but so was topography and ethnicity. This study, using anthroponymy (the study of names) and hydronymy (the study of naming bodies of water) will portray how government workers in the field were able to organize local populations for the fisc through formulating surnames. This inquiry selects the Uralic-speaking populations of Northern Russia and Northwestern Siberia as its focus. The activities described unveil how local officials, whose identities remain unknown in larger thematic and national studies, were significant contributors to realm- and state-building through their unobtrusive policy-making via surname creation.
“I Remember the Days of Old; I Meditate [on All Thy Works]”
Authors: Martin Russell E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article analyzes the short book The Origin of the Law of Succession in Russia (1925) by St. John of Shanghai and San Francisco (1896–1966, canonized 1994) for its treatment of succession to the throne in Kyivan, Muscovite, and Imperial Russian history. In it, St. John makes the case for the gradual and intentional development of primogeniture in Muscovy and sees the Petrine Law of Succession of 1722 as a fundamental violation of customary norms about the succession. He also sees the Pauline Law of Succession of 1797 as a restoration of those norms and a step forward in the regularization of the succession. St. John discusses how the Russian Revolutions of 1917 affected the Romanov dynasty and concludes that the Pauline Law was and would continue to be a vital legal instrument for maintaining the dynasty in exile. He also recommended the elimination of the Law’s equal marriage requirement and the addition to it of a requirement that all members and spouses of members of the dynasty be Orthodox. St. John’s book became an important reference work for generations of surviving Romanovs after 1917, even if his suggested changes to the Law have yet to be implemented.
Borrowings from the Old Slavic Digenis Akritis in the Muscovite Buovo d’Antona (Bova Korolevich)
Authors: Romanchuk Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Byzantine Greek “romantic epic” Digenis Akritis and the Venetian romance Buovo d’Antona, translated into different Slavic languages under different circumstances and traversing Slavic space by different routes, reached Muscovy in the sixteenth century – each undergoing significant editing there and ultimately becoming textually entangled. It has not been noticed before that the editor of a Muscovite redaction of Buovo borrowed a number of passages from an early redaction of the “formulaically styled” Slavic Digenis. The encounter of Buovo with Digenis may help explain the former work’s subsequent popularity in Russia, as it transformed the courtly hero Buovo d’Antona into the Russian folk hero Bova Korolevich. It also helps sketch a context for the direct ancestor of the most important extant manuscript of the Slavic Digenis.
Desenvolvimento de dentes decíduos artificiais para práticas laboratoriais em Odontopediatria
Authors: Lima Thalyta Gabrielle Vieira , Mata Paulo Santos da , Veloso Aline Helena , Lima Junior James Soares , Pego Marisa de Matos Ferraz , Braga Neilor Mateus Antunes , Oliveira Michelle Pimenta , Teixeira Stéphany Ketllin Mendes Oliveira 
Published: December 2023

Na formação em Odontologia os acadêmicos realizam treinos pré-clínicos para aperfeiçoar suas técnicas. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar a experiência de produção de dentes decíduos artificiais por impressão tridimensional (3D), com baixo custo, para práticas laboratoriais acadêmicas em Odontopediatria. Partiu-se de uma pesquisa laboratorial e experimental, tendo sido realizada uma revisão bibliográfica para obtenção dos dados. A obtenção das imagens 3D se deu a partir da biblioteca gratuita de dentes permanentes Brenner e edição no programa Meshmixer para incorporação das características de dentes decíduos, seguida de impressão 3D utilizando estereolitografia. Posteriormente, foram preenchidos os condutos radiculares com cera 7 e poliacetato de vinila (PVA) vermelha. Foi realizada também a pintura do cemento e da coroa, com tinta de esmalte marrom e branca, respectivamente. As duas resinas exibiram fidelidade anatômica externa, entretanto, para viabilidade do uso na Endodontia, foi analisada a anatomia interna, imagem radiográfica, tempo de impressão, custo de produção e custo/benefício. A combinação de resina Anycubic para a representação dos tecidos mineralizados com cera 7 para simulação da polpa possibilitou a adequada reprodução da anatomia interna de dentes decíduos.
Production of Red Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) Hybrid Seed, Curmiyeast Concentrate, and Compost Based on Dairy Farm Waste
Authors: Ganefianti Dwi Wahyuni , Sulistyowati Endang , Sudjatmiko Sigit 
Published: December 2023

This experiment aimed to produce hybrid red chilli seeds, Curmiyeast- concentrate, and Bokashi compost based on a dairy farm. Red chilli G 3 and G 7 were used as parent stocks in preparing UNIB C H73 hybrid. The recommended time for crossing the red chilli was around 06.00- 10.30 in the morning. The ingredients of Curmiyeast- concentrate were rice brand, ground corn, soybean meal, palm oil, mineral mix, salt, and urea. At the same time, Curcuma xanthorrhiza and yeast were 2 and 1%, respectively, in a total of 100%. Curmiyeast- concentrate in this modified formula contained 15.22% crude protein, with the price of Rp. 8,515/kg and MIOFC of Rp. 78,470/head/day or Rp. 9,019/l of milk produced. Bokashi compost contained N, P, K, and C organic and a ratio of C/N (18.9) that fulfilled the standards of SNI 19-7030-2004.
Concentrate Substituted Cassava Top Fermented Cassava Pulp in Altered Levels on Growth Performance in Thai Native X Lowline Angus Crossbred Cattle
Authors: Morm Sophany , Net Savdy , Vong Sokchea , Yi Thearak , Khin Sophary , Moun Sovannara , Sat Chantha , Pech Sophana , Roeun Lymeng 
Published: December 2023

The main objective is to investigate the effect of DCfCaP-substitute concentrate on growth performance and feed efficiency in Thai native x Lowline Angus crossbred cattle. The average initial body weight (IBW) was assigned 97±18.5 kg and 1-year age, 12 females of Thai native x Lowline Angus crossbred cattle. Dietary treatments were designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) to receive three feeding treatments, four replications per treatment with one cow per replicate. The feeding treatments were administered as follows: T1=100% concentrate + 0% DCfCaP (control), T2=67% concentrate + 33% DCfCaP, and T3= 33% concentrate + 67% DCfCaP on dry matter basis (DM). The results indeed showed that the initial body weight (IBW) and final body weight (FBW) were non-significantly different (P>0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) in T1 and T2 was 0.53 kg/day and 0.48 kg/day, and representative superscripts were in the same row, but there were differences in T3 was 0.05 kg/day (P<0.001). T1 used feed intake higher than T2 and T3 (P=0.003). So far, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in groups T1 and T2 were non-different except T3 (P<0.001). In conclusion, DCfCaP could substitute concentrate up to 33% in the diet without being effective in Thai native x Lowline Angus crossbred cattle. Therefore, DCfCaP is recommended because it is an alternative source of animal feed and could contribute to controlling environmental contamination. So DCfCaP is recommended to supply to cattle.
Assessment of visitor perceptions and economic valuation of Tengket Beach attractions
Authors: Fauziyah Elys , Lestari Fany Etana 
Published: December 2023

Tengket Beach has an unspoiled beauty, with stretches of fine white sand as the main visitor attraction. However, the village government and surrounding communities have not been interested in managing this potential. Therefore, this study aimed to determine visitor perceptions, the factors influencing the number of visits, and Tengket Beach tourism’s economic value. Samples were determined using the linear time function formula. The data collected were further analyzed by descriptive qualitative, multiple linear regression, and travel cost methods. The results showed that Tengket Beach is perceived as unattractive based on its accessibility and facilities. Based on accessibility indicators, 96.7% of visitors stated that Tengket Beach was not feasible. Meanwhile, based on facility criteria, only 20% of visitors stated that the place had good facilities. Other findings show that most visitors explained that the beach is quite interesting regarding its attractiveness. The results also showed that travel costs negatively affect visits, while accessibility and facilities have a positive effect. Additionally, the economic value of the beach is IDR5,890,560,000 per year. This is an indicator that Tengket Beach has the potential to be used as an economic resource for the surrounding community.JEL Classification C26; I26; Q51
Artificial intelligence and socioeconomic perspective in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Iwan , Hakim Lukman 
Published: December 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has begun to penetrate various social and economic activities in Indonesia. During the pandemic, social distancing activities were able to accelerate the application of AI, and promptly became a safety valve and economic driver in various sector. However, attention to AI implementation opens up space for intensive discourse. AI as a technological element also has social and economic impacts, especially social, economic and political inequality. In the midst of obtaining positive economic benefits, innovation excellence and efficiency, AI in Indonesia still faces problems with agricultural workforce (38.7 million people), ethical and legal aspects, and organizational culture. Solutions from a social and economic perspective anticipating AI include (i) affirmative policies aimed at empowering and increasing the productivity of agricultural workers, (ii) collaboration between IT experts and business practitioners, social science experts and legal practitioners to ensure AI works within a safety and legality framework; and (iii) building an organizational culture in business and public sector management to run a business that meets sustainability principles.JEL Classification J00; K20; O38
Comparison of lumbar microdiscectomy and unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy outcomes: a single-center experience
Authors: Özer Mehmet İlker , Demirtaş Oğuz Kağan 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
Lumbar microdiscectomy (LMD) is still the gold-standard treatment for lumbar disc herniations with progressive neurological deficits that are refractory to conservative treatment. With improvement of endoscopic systems in recent years, endoscopic discectomy techniques have been developed as an alternative to LMD. The unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBE) technique is one of these endoscopic techniques, and its popularity has increased in recent years because it does not require high-cost specialized endoscopes, many microsurgical instruments are compatible with this system, and it is similar to LMD in terms of anatomical orientation. This study compared results between LMD and UBE techniques in patients with lumbar disc herniations performed by the same spine surgeons at a single center.

METHODS
The data of patients with lumbar disc herniation who were operated on with LMD and UBE techniques were retrospectively reviewed. The data obtained were statistically evaluated. The operative video of one of the patients who underwent UBE was edited for demonstration.

RESULTS
Between January 2021 and June 2022, 93 patients were operated on for lumbar disc herniation. LMD was performed in 39 patients, and UBE was performed in 54 patients. There were no significant differences in the complications, recurrence, postoperative back and leg pain, patient satisfaction rates, and quality of life index results of the patients in the two groups. The operation time was shorter in the LMD group. In the UBE group, estimated blood loss was lower and postoperative hospitalization was shorter.

CONCLUSIONS
Although LMD is still the gold-standard treatment for lumbar disc herniation, the results of UBE are comparable to those of LMD, and it may be a good alternative for spine surgeons who prefer minimally invasive surgery.
Neurosurgery trainee well-being in a pediatric neurosurgery hospital: baseline data to motivate toward implementing change
Authors: Shahin Maryam N. , Horak V. Jane , Kemeny Hanna , Youngblood Mark W. , Lam Sandi K. , Raskin Jeffrey S. 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to obtain aggregated baseline pediatric neurosurgery well-being data at a tertiary care institution.

METHODS
An institutional grant funded the completion of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) by 100% (n = 13) of the trainees during a 1-year period, including 1 pediatric neurosurgery fellow and 12 residents from 4 regional neurosurgery training programs. Aggregated and anonymized group results included frequency scores ranging from 0 (never) to 6 (every day). The mean ± SD group scores were compared to the general population of > 11,000 people in the human services professions. Burnout profiles were calculated on the basis of MBI scale scores by using established comparisons to standardized normal values. Burnout profile types include engaged, ineffective, overextended, disengaged, and burnout.

RESULTS
The mean ± SD score for emotional exhaustion was 2.6 ± 1.1 for trainees compared with 2.3 ± 1.2 in the comparison population. The mean ± SD score for depersonalization was 1.6 ± 1 compared with 1.7 ± 1.2 in the comparison population. The mean ± SD score for personal accomplishment was 4.9 ± 0.7 compared with 4.3 ± 0.9 in the comparison population. Profiles were classified as engaged (n = 6), ineffective (n = 3), overextended (n = 3), and burnout (n = 1).

CONCLUSIONS
Problematic profiles were present for more than half (7 [53.8%]) of pediatric neurosurgery trainees who cited higher emotional exhaustion than the general population of healthcare providers. Trainees scored lower in depersonalization and higher in personal accomplishment compared with the general population, which are both protective against burnout. Targeting factors that contribute to emotional exhaustion may have an impact on improving the overall well-being of pediatric neurosurgery trainees.