bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CYTOP® 366: A Tertiary Phosphine Inaccessible by Most Traditional Hydrophosphination Methods
Authors: Amoroso Dino , Dyck Jeff , Jackson Andrew , Humeniuk Michael , Kendrick Eleanor , Melaragni Angelo , Moser Michael , Wiater‐Protas Izabela , Zavorine Serguei , Markham Jade 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHomogenous catalysis is an essential tool within the commercial manufacture of bulk and fine chemicals. Within this, phosphine ligands, such as tricyclohexylphosphine, otherwise known as CYTOP® 366, are a crucial component. When designing a pathway to your ligand of choice, some key considerations include safety, yield and quality, but at commercial volumes we must also balance cost and consider the technologies readily available. Herein, we report the synthetic route that was chosen to manufacture tricyclohexylphosphine at commercial scale. We also consider, with the use of computational calculations, why traditional hydrophosphination methods failed, where the selected pathway succeeded.
Effect of Kigelia pinnata biochar inclusion on mechanical and thermal properties of curtain climber fiber reinforced epoxide biocomposites
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Arun A. , Rajkumar K. , Palaniyappan Sabarinathan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article explored the influence of curtain climber fiber and Biochar derived from Kigelia pinnata fruit fiber on a polyepoxide‐based composite material's thermal, mechanical, dielectric, and mechanical properties. Before commencing the composite production process, the surface of the curtain climber fiber underwent treatment with a solution consisting of 5% silane to enhance the bonding between the fiber and the matrix. The hand layup method and compression molding were used to produce the composite panels and tested according to the appropriate standards set by the ASTM. According to these findings, the mechanical properties of the composites were enhanced by adding 30% curtain climber fiber and 5% biochar. The load distribution on the fiber was consistent throughout. The composite's highest strength (EFB3) was 183 MPa, its modulus was 5.9 GPa, and its flexural strength and modulus were 216 MPa and 6.1 GPa, respectively. The impact intensity is 8 J, and the hardness value is 95 on the Shore D scale. In addition, the EFB3 had a maximum interlaminar shear strength of 35 MPa. According to the findings of the SEM surface analysis, the matrix molecules exhibit adhesion to the fiber, which indicates increased bonding. The thermal conductivity and dielectric properties were high for composite with higher biochar particle content. These waste biomass‐converted fruit fiber biochar and curtain climber industrial crop fiber epoxide composite materials may be utilized in a variety of sectors, including aerospace, automotive, household domestic product manufacturing, and defense sectors.Highlights
Extraction and silane treatment of curtain climber fiber.
Producing biochar from waste biomass Kigelia pinnata fiber.
Fabrication of polyepoxide composite.
Siloxane layer improves the strength.
Biochar improves the properties of composites.
Surface modification of GO/PVDF composite membrane by MXene/protonated g‐C₃N₄ nanosheets hybrids with improved dye separation and antifouling properties
Authors: Ostovar Abdollah , Tarkhani Mehdi , Mousavi Seyyed Abbas , Asadollahi Mahdieh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGraphene oxide‐polyvinylidene composite membranes were fabricated via the phase inversion technique. Then, GO‐PVDF membrane with highest water flux was achieved via surface modification with 2‐D MXene and 2‐D MXene /protonated 2‐D g‐C₃N₄ nanosheets hybrid via vacuum filtration of an aqueous dispersion of MXene and MXene‐protonated g‐C₃N₄ nanosheets hybrid, respectively, on GO‐PVDF membrane support to improve filtration efficiency and antifouling properties. The membranes were designated as MXene/GO‐PVDF (M2) and MXene‐protonated g‐C₃N₄/GO‐PVDF(M3). XRD, SEM, and FTIR analysis were used for characterization. The results showed that the performance of both MXene /GO‐PVDF and MXene‐ Pg‐C₃N₄/GO‐PVDF membranes was improved significantly in removing cationic dyes, unlike anionic pigments. Also, the resistance of these membranes against fouling has improved. The MXene‐ Pg‐C₃N₄/GO‐PVDF shows a significant enhancement in the removal of crystal violet (CV) cationic dye (100%) compared to the pristine membrane (84%) after 4 h of the filtration process. Tests also were performed to remove another two cationic dyes Methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RB), and an anionic dye Methyl‐orange. The anionic dye separation rate from the stream did not show significant improvement while cationic dyes show significant enhancement in separation efficiencies. Modified membranes exhibit an enhancement of fouling resistance properties compared to pristine membranes.Highlights
The water contact angle decreased from 71 to 45, which means hydrophilicity improved successfully.
Membrane fouling resistance was improved around 15%–20%.
PVDF membrane was prepared and graphene oxide was added to the matrix to modify the bulk properties.
MXene and C3N4 were synthesized successfully.
Surface modification of the PVDF membrane was successful by MXene and C3N4.
Der doppelte Überflieger
Authors: Asmus Jörg 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungFür Wettervorhersagen, Umwelt‐ und Klimaüberwachung werden grundsätzlich zwei unterschiedliche Satellitentypen genutzt: geostationäre und niedrig fliegende Satelliten. Letztere bewegen sich in nur 800 bis 850 km Höhe nahe an den beiden Polen vorbei in einer sonnensynchronen Bahn. Ab 2025 ersetzt die europäische Organisation Eumetsat hierfür die aktuellen Metop‐Satelliten des Eumetsat Polar Systems (EPS) durch die Metop Second Generation (Metop‐SG). Metop‐SG wird aus jeweils zwei Satelliten bestehen. Metop‐SG A hat bildgebende Instrumente für das sichtbare Spektrum, Infrarot und Mikrowellen an Bord. Ebenfalls ein bildgebendes Mikrowelleninstrument sowie Radarinstrumente befinden sich an Bord von Metop‐SG B. Die neuen Satelliten werden wesentlich detailliertere Informationen für Meteorologie, Klimatologie und Umweltüberwachung liefern. Metop‐SG A1 soll Anfang 2025 gestartet werden, Metop‐SG B1 Ende 2025.
Unveiling the intersections between tourism industry and student mobility
Authors: Malet Calvo Daniel , Nofre Jordi , Fuarros Íñigo Sánchez 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have shown how student circuits of consumption are mediated by the interest of commercial actors. However, little attention has been paid to the connections between international student stays and the tourism sector: how they intersect with each other? Our fieldwork in Lisbon (Portugal) showed the central role of student organizations in commercializing the leisure time of international students, approaching them to ‘circuits of travel’ and consumption populated also by tourists. Filling a gap in the literature, we conceptualize international students as consumers surrounded by entertainment industries, pointing out the centrality of touristic infrastructures and destination marketing in articulating their stays. Therefore, we argue that these organizations, in their partnership with tourism and leisure sectors, are contributing to the socio‐spatial segregation between local and international students.
Pulmonary vascular dysfunction without pulmonary hypertension: A distinct phenotype in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Nathan Steven D. , Tehrani Benham , Zhao Qiong , Arias Rafael , Kim Dennis , Pellegrini Antonia , Collins Ashley Claire , Diviney Jack , Chakravorty Shourjo , Khangoora Vikramjit , Shlobin Oksana A. , Thomas Christopher , Lavon Ben R. , King Christopher S. , Chandel Abhimanyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPulmonary vascular dysfunction in the absence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been observed in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We describe the prevalence and etiology of elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) without PH among patients with IPF. Hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and functional respiratory imaging (FRI) data was compared between patients with IPF without PH with normal (<3 wood units) and elevated PVR (≥3 wood units). Mortality between these two groups were compared to patients with IPF and PH. Of 205 patients with IPF, there were 146 patients without PH, of whom 114 (78.1%) had a normal PVR and 32 (21.9%) who had a high PVR. Functional testing and hemodynamics were similar in the two groups, except for the cardiac index which was significantly lower in patients with a high PVR (2.3 vs. 2.6 L/min/m2; p = 0.004). Echocardiographic comparison demonstrated a higher tricuspid regurgitant velocity in those with a high PVR (3.4 vs 3.0 m/s; p = 0.046). FRI revealed proportionately fewer large vessels as a proportion of the vasculature in the patients without PH and elevated PVRs. Among patients without PH, PVR was associated with increased mortality. In conclusion, patients with IPF without PH but a high PVR appear to be a distinct phenotype with a prognosis between those with and without PH, likely reflecting the continuum of vascular dysfunction. The basis for this unique hemodynamic profile could not be definitively discerned although FRI suggested an aberrant anatomical vascular response.
CS1, a controlled‐release formulation of valproic acid, for the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: Rationale and design of a Phase 2 clinical trial
Authors: Benza Raymond L. , Adamson Philip B. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Frick Fredrik , Olsson Gunnar , Bergh Niklas , Dahlöf Björn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough rare, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is associated with substantial morbidity and a median survival of approximately 7 years, even with treatment. Current medical therapies have a primarily vasodilatory effect and do not modify the underlying pathology of the disease. CS1 is a novel oral, controlled‐release formulation of valproic acid, which exhibits a multi‐targeted mode of action (pulmonary pressure reduction, reversal of vascular remodeling, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐fibrotic, and anti‐thrombotic) and therefore potential for disease modification and right ventricular modeling in patients with PAH. A Phase 1 study conducted in healthy volunteers indicated favorable safety and tolerability, with no increased risk of bleeding and significant reduction of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. In an ongoing randomized Phase 2 clinical trial, three doses of open‐label CS1 administered for 12 weeks is evaluating the use of multiple outcome measures. The primary endpoint is safety and tolerability, as measured by the occurrence of adverse events. Secondary outcome measures include the use of the CardioMEMS™ HF System, which provides a noninvasive method of monitoring pulmonary artery pressure, as well as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography. Other outcomes include changes in risk stratification (using the REVEAL 2.0 and REVEAL Lite 2 tools), patient reported outcomes, functional capacity, 6‐min walk distance, actigraphy, and biomarkers. The pharmacokinetic profile of CS1 will also be evaluated. Overall, the novel design and unique, extensive clinical phenotyping of participants in this trial will provide ample evidence to inform the design of any future Phase 3 studies with CS1.
A rare case of scimitar syndrome with pulmonary arterial hypertension in an adult female
Authors: Liu Yang , Ruan Weiliang , Li Ziye , Wang Hua , Chen Shenghai , Ding Yuhong , Jin Jianfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractScimitar syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by partial or total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the right lung to the inferior vena cava. We report a case of a 67‐year‐old female who presented with cough and dyspnea and was diagnosed with scimitar syndrome and pulmonary arterial hypertension based on comprehensive imaging and hemodynamic evaluation. This case highlights the importance of considering scimitar syndrome as a cause of pulmonary hypertension even in adult patients.
Estimates of congenital cytomegalovirus‐attributable infant mortality in high‐income countries: A review
Authors: Grosse Scott D. , Fleming Patrick , Pesch Megan H. , Rawlinson William D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs many as 5%–10% of infants with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) disease, or 0.4%–0.8% of all liveborn infants with cCMV infection, die in early infancy in high‐income countries. However, estimates are uncertain due to several potential biases that can result from data limitations and study designs. First, infants with cCMV infections who die prior to diagnosis, which usually occurs at 1–4 weeks after birth, may be excluded from both the count of deaths and the denominator of cCMV births, resulting in left truncation and immortal time biases. These ‘biases’ are features of the data and do not reflect bias on the part of researchers, but understanding the potential existence of threats to validity can help with interpretation of findings. Left truncation of infant deaths occurring prior to diagnosis of cCMV can result in understatement of the burden of infant deaths due to cCMV. Conversely, overestimation of infant deaths associated with symptomatic cCMV may occur in clinical case series owing to greater representation of relatively severely affected infants owing to ascertainment and referral biases. In this review, we summarise the characteristics of 26 studies that reported estimates of cCMV‐associated infant deaths, including potential biases or limitations to which those estimates may have been subject. We discuss study designs whose implementation might generate improved estimates of infant deaths attributable to cCMV. More complete estimates of the overall public health impact of cCMV could inform current and future screening, prevention, and vaccine research.
Improved dissipativity‐based analysis and synthesis of T‐S fuzzy systems with aperiodic memory sampled‐data controllers via an augmented looped‐functional
Authors: Liu Yun‐Fan , Zhang Chuan‐Ke , Fan Yu‐Long , Chen Wen‐Hu , Shangguan Xing‐Chen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe dissipativity‐based analysis and synthesis issues of Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy systems by applying aperiodic memory sampling control are investigated in this paper. Compared with the more conservative dissipative conditions and controller design methods proposed in the past based on Lyapunov theory, the main purpose of this paper is to obtain a less conservative dissipative criterion and devise an aperiodic memory sampled‐data controller. Firstly, the sampling controller is assumed to work in aperiodic sample mode, and the time delay in the communication network is considered. Next, an augmented delay‐product‐type looped‐functional is proposed such that the whole information of sampling and delay, which has not been studied before, is well taken into account. A new dissipative criterion and an aperiodic sampled‐data control strategy are proposed by applying free‐matrix‐based integral inequalities consequently. Finally, a truck‐trailer system is implemented to elaborate the availability and the merit of the designed strategy.
The role of internet media effects in the sustainable development of animal conservation institutions during the post‐pandemic era: Stimulus‐organism‐response paradigm
Authors: Hsiao Chun‐Hua , Tang Kai‐Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak has led cities worldwide to implement lockdowns and stay‐at‐home orders, which has caused a sudden cessation of revenue generation from ticket sales at animal conservation institutions. Accordingly, the cost of feeding and caring for the animals remains unsustainable, and the threat of another outbreak and lockdowns lingers. To this end, the present study investigates the effectiveness of internet media for the sustainable development of animal conservation institutions (e.g., zoos) in the post‐pandemic era. A total of 321 actual visitors' responses were collected through an online survey, and PLS‐SEM was used for the data analysis. The stimulus‐organism‐response (S‐O‐R) theory was used as the framework to explore the effects of content characteristics and internet celebrities in animal conservation institutions on visitors' internal mechanisms and their behavioral responses. Stimulus factors were internet content characteristics and animal celebrities' attributes. Organism factors included visitors' internal mechanisms, such as the attitude toward the ecological environment, trust, and hedonic values. Critical behavioral responses of subscribing to the official channels, visiting the institutions, and making donations were considered. The findings confirm the influence of internet media (content attributes and celebrity attributes) as an antecedent to individual organisms, which in turn leads to spillover effects such as donations. Implications for academic research and practice are provided.
Fostering sustainable practices in Zimbabwean tourism for firewood energy sustainability and efficiency amid costly renewables, weak policies, scarce electricity, and extensive deforestation
Authors: Chiwaridzo Option Takunda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of Zimbabwe's captivating tourism landscapes and cultural heritage, energy sustainability challenges loom large. The paper investigates multifaceted relationship between, three independent variables: (reforestation program and funding, invasive tree species use, efficient cookstove adoption), one mediator: (green tourism supply chain behavior) and one dependent variable: (firewood energy sustainability). A quantitative approach was employed, collecting data from 483 tourists using simple random sampling and the Krejcie and Morgan table for determining the sample size. Questionnaires were distributed via Google forms, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized for data analysis. Statistical findings indicate direct and indirect significant relationship between aforementioned variables and T‐statistics values all hypotheses were all greater than the threshold of 1.96. Ranging from a minimum of 2.515 to a maximum of 15.779. The findings pinpoint the importance of an integrated approach in Zimbabwe's tourism supply chain so as to address firewood energy sustainability and efficiency challenges stemming from costly renewables, weak policies, scarce electricity, and extensive deforestation. The study recommends tourism supply chain and policymakers to implement regulations on invasive species, offer incentives for technology adoption, practice and monitor green tourism supply chain practices within Zimbabwean tourism. The study's recommendations contribute to the ongoing discourse on fostering responsible energy practices within the tourism sector, aligning with global sustainability goals and future policy considerations.
Molybdenum Based Manganese Oxides as Optoelectronic Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Structural & Optical Characterization
Authors: Kausar Samia , Altaf Ataf Ali , Hamayun Muhammad , Tariq Muhammad Ikram , Shahbaz Waqas , Shoukat Hamza , Hamza Muhammad , Iqbal Shagufta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis work reports the synthesis of molybdenum based manganese oxide nanomaterials named as (CH1‐CH5) via a facile hydrothermal approach. Nanomaterials were characterized through Powder XRD, SEM, BET, UV‐Vis, Photoluminescence, and FTIR analysis. Structural characterization revealed triclinic crystal structure of nanomaterials having particle sizes in the range of 23.08–52.7 nm with very low levels of microstrain levels (<0.05) and dislocation densities. Surface areas were found to be in the range of 42.37–52.32 m2/g with mesoporous structures and solid bar and cross surface morphology. Optical band gaps (Eg) calculated from absorption data was found to be in the range of 4.65–4.75 eV for direct transitions whereas 4.60–4.74 eV for indirect transitions. The Eg calculated from emission data was found to be in the range of 2.42–2.67 eV. Absorption edge broadening was investigated by urbach energy (EU) calculated to be in the range of 1.23–1.51 eV whereas fermi energy (Ef) were obtained as 4.66–4.72 eV. Refractive index (n) was calculated to be in the range of 0.13–0.21 whereas high values obtained for real and imaginary parts of dielectric constants (ϵ) indicating polarization relaxation in synthesized materials. The calculated structural and optical characteristics indicates that these materials can be potential candidates for optoelectronic and catalytic applications.
N‐heterocyclic Thiols based Copper Complexes: Syntheses, Structure and Catalytic Studies for Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Peerappa Yadav Suraj , Sahil Deepika , Singh Chauhan Rohit , Butcher R. J. , Tyagi Adish , Karmakar Gourab , Dash Chandrakanta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTreatment of [CuCl2(PPh3)2] with N‐heterocyclic thiols, i. e., 4,6‐dimethyl pyrimidine‐2‐thiol (dmpymSH), pyridine‐2‐thiol (pySH), resulted partially substituted product [CuCl(L)(PPh3)2] (L=C5H4NSH (pySH), SC4H(4,6‐Me2N2H) (dmpymSH). However, similar reaction with [CuI(PPh3)]4 yielded a products [CuI(pySH)(PPh3)2] (py=C5H4N) and [CuI(dmpymSH)(PPh3)2] (dmpym=C4H(4,6‐Me2N2); respectively. The molecular structure of complex [CuCl(dmpymSH)(PPh3)2].CH3CN (1 b) has been determined through the single crystal X‐ray crystallography technique. All the synthesized complexes were fully characterized through various spectroscopic techniques (IR, 1H, 13C{1H}, 31P{1H} NMR). The complexes 1 a, 1 b, 2 a and 2 b showed excellent catalytic activities for azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction in water as green solvent upto 90 % yield with 0.5 mol % of catalyst loading. Among all the synthesized complexes, compound [CuI(pySH)(PPh3)2] (2 a) turned up as a better catalyst with 90 % yield, applying 0.5 mol % catalyst.
Preparation of Core/Shell Fe3O4@SiO2 ⋅ DIL as a Magnetically Separable Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1, 8‐Dioxodecahydroacridine
Authors: Ebadi Amin , Vadie Sanaz , Shojaei Sanaz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this research, design and synthesis of the magnetic nanoparticle, coated by a silica shell and modified with dicationic ionic liquid are described. The characterization of Fe3O4@SiO2 ⋅ DIL was done by means of techniques such as XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, TEM, and TGA. The catalytic activity of Fe3O4@SiO2 ⋅ DIL as a new nanocatalyst was tested in the one‐pot tree‐component synthesis of 1,8‐dioxodecahydroacridines. To achieve higher yield of products, factors such as reaction temperature, reaction time, the amount of nanocatalyst and solvent were studied, and the optimized conditions were investigated. The results indicated that the reaction time for aromatic aldehydes bearing substituent at para position is shorter and higher yields of products were obtained with these substrates. Short reaction time, high yield of products, easy purification and easy recoverable catalyst without significantly loss of its activity are the main advantages of the process presented. The results clearly showed that the existing catalytic system could be eco‐friendly and economical to carry out this reaction.