bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing Marshes with Drawdowns Can Reduce Elevation of Coastal Marshes
Authors: King Sammy , Graham S.P. , Nyman J.A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Coastal wetlands can offset some subsidence and effects of sea level rise via vertical accretion. We used 137Cs dating to compare 55 years of accretion between an impounded marsh and an un-impounded marsh. The un-impounded marsh had five times more accretion. In the un-impounded marsh, accretion was related to organic accumulation whereas mineral accumulation was related to bulk density. In the impounded marsh, accretion was related to mineral accumulation and bulk density. We attributed those differences to natural and managed prolonged drainage events since ~2005 in the impounded marsh that we studied.
We compared our estimates to earlier 33-year estimates using 137Cs from the same un-impounded marsh. Those estimates were slower for accretion, mineral accumulation, and organic accumulation. We estimated that accretion would have had to accelerate 68%, organic accumulation accelerate 11%, and mineral accumulation accelerate 7-fold after 1998 for us to observe the rates that we estimated. We attributed those differences to increases in flooding by tides and/or tropical storms since 2000.
We compared our estimates to earlier 33-year estimates using 137Cs from two nearby impounded marshes. Impoundment effects varied widely, which precludes broad statements about effects of impoundment on accretion. None-the-less, evidence is accumulating that moist-soil management on organic soils in the coastal zone compromises accretion processes and reduces elevation via soil organic matter oxidation and compaction. New research is suggested on highly organic soils to identify water management strategies to reduce decomposition and to identify plant species and fire and water management strategies that foster accretion.
Classifying glaucoma and normal large optic cups using deep learning methods
Authors: Xu Jie , Chai Yidong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Glaucoma is a group of serious eye diseases that can cause incurable blindness. Glaucoma diagnosis is a costly task and some models have been proposed to automate diagnosis based on images of the retina, specifically the area known as the optic cup and the associated disc where retinal blood vessels and nerves enter and leave the eye. However, the diagnosis of glaucoma is complicated because both normal and glaucoma eyes vary greatly in appearance, and some normal cases appear very similar to glaucoma. For example, like glaucoma, some normal cases have a larger cup-to-disc ratio, one of the main criteria in glaucoma diagnosis, making it more difficult to distinguish them. Thus, we propose a deep learning model with domain features (DLMDF) to combine unstructured and structured features to distinguish between glaucoma and physiologic large cups. The structured features were based upon the known cup-to-disc ratios of the four quadrants of the optic discs in normal, normal large, and glaucomatous optic cups. We segmented each cup and disc using a fully convolutional neural network and then calculated the cup size, disc size, and cup-to-disc ratio of each quadrant. The unstructured features were learned from a deep convolutional neural network. In this way, both unstructured image information and structured features were utilized for diagnosis. Experiments conducted on a real dataset demonstrated the superiority of the proposed model over traditional ones.
Multi-step prediction of automobile rear axle assembly torque based on adaptive time series data decomposition hybrid deep learning model
Authors: Xu zifeng , Zhang Tingting , Gao Chaojia , Wang Zhe , Yan Zhenhao , Zhang Cheng , Liu Lilan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The prediction of assembly torque of automobile rear axles is crucial for the timely detection of assembly abnormalities and early feedback control to reduce the number of production line shutdowns. However, due to the complex assembly conditions, the assembly torque change has non-stationary and abnormal mutation characteristics, and the conventional prediction model is difficult to accurately predict. Therefore, this article proposes an adaptive time series data decomposition hybrid deep learning assembly torque multi-step prediction framework based on the GWO-VMD-CNN-BiLSTM-Attention model. Firstly, the preprocessed original assembly torque sequence will be decomposed into multiple subsequences by an improved adaptive variational mode decomposition method based on grey wolf optimization (GWO). Then, the subsequence is subjected to 1D-CNN convolution to obtain local features. The BiLSTM layer is used to predict the feature data output by the CNN layer, and the Attention mechanism is added to weight the output data of the BiLSTM layer to extract the torque change characteristics in different time steps. Finally, iterative multi-step prediction is performed on each subsequence of assembly torque. Six-steps prediction experiments were carried out on the actual production data of the actual automobile rear axle assembly process. The highest accuracy of the proposed prediction method reaches 98.5%, 97.8%, 95.4%, 91.3%, 89.7%, and 86.5%, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed model has higher prediction accuracy than other benchmark models. The model is coupled with the digital twin system and deployed, which realizes the real-time prediction of assembly torque and has a high industrial application value.
Factors influencing dental phobia and screening behavior of patients in oral surgery practice
Authors: Qorri Rezart , Cunoti Nertsa , Magerfleisch Laura , Berth Hendrik 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite efforts by dentists and patients to establish trust, dental visits continue to be anxiety-inducing. The frequency of dental treatment sought is influenced by this fear, impacting long-term oral health. This study aimed to use the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) to identify fearful patients at a dental surgery clinic, exploring correlations with preventive behavior, gender, age, and education.
Methods
The study enrolled 102 consecutive outpatients at a private dental clinic in Sachsen, Germany, with participants aged 16 and above. Adolescents and parents provided written informed consent and assent. A meticulously crafted questionnaire, featuring numerous questions, aimed to evaluate dental patients' anxiety levels and their oral health behavior. Assessment of anxiety considered factors such as age, gender, educational qualification, fear of dental treatment, frequency of teeth brushing, instances of canceled or missed dental appointments due to anxiety, and the timing of the last dental visit.
Results
Comparing all scales according to low and high anxiety, the mean score of the whole group of DAS was with a high significance from somatization, depressiveness and anxiety.
Significantly more time had passed since the last dental visit for most patients. Patients who had a higher anxiety level based on the DAS categorization were also less likely to have tartar removed and to have professional dental cleaning performed.
Conclusion
Dental treatment anxiety has no influence on preventive behavior, except for the questions that are also related to dental treatment anxiety ("Are you afraid of dental treatment?").
Disentangling stereoisomerism of hydrogen peroxide through Coulomb explosion imaging
Authors: Madugula Nrisimha Murty 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Stereoisomerism has been a subject of fundamental interest for quite a long time due to the spatial geometry between atoms in a molecule and their sizeable role in the fields of pharmacology, atmospheric, and astrochemistry. To study this nature, we propose a method that takes advantage of the ‘universality in fragmentation’ as a scientific framework to disentangle structural dynamics in molecules. For the first time, we experimentally visualized the chiral and diastereomeric nature of H2O2 through the reconstruction of H_2 O_2^(n+) (n=3-5) dissociation dynamics, besides concerted or sequential breakup channels. We also demonstrated the homochirality in H2O2 from the deduced enantiomeric excess, 4.486±0.9502%. Unlike ultrafast or time-resolved studies, we here established that recoil-ion momentum spectrometer (RIMS) in combination with post-coulomb explosion imaging methodologies is the most reliable route to unravel the real-time structure of a molecule irrespective of any probe, as it relies on a momentum-correlation picture.
Viability of Coda Wave Interferometry for Fatigue Monitoring of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Aurilio Roberto Marko , Baaj Hassan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
For asset management, various non-destructive techniques are used to assess the structural or functional integrity of the pavements to help determine the correct maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) treatments to prolong the useful service life of a pavement. Few studies have evaluated coupled non-invasive damage tests for asphalt materials in a laboratory setting. In this study, ultrasonic measurements were coupled with tension-compression testing using a dedicated pulse-receiver data acquisition system to characterize fatigue-healing tests. Time signals were acquired periodically (i.e., 10-minute intervals) throughout the fatigue-healing test and then analyzed in the time-domain using the coda wave interferometry (CWI) technique. Two windowing procedures were proposed, including Method 1, which incorporated a simple statistical approach and Method 2, which was derived from the diffusive energy envelope paired with an adaptive window length stretching technique. After windowing the time signals, the CWI procedure was completed using a dynamic time-warping (DTW) algorithm. CWI measurements using both windowing selection methods were demonstrated to be capable of distinguishing loading and rest periods during healing tests. The CWI technique was also sensitive enough to accurately differentiate loading at the lower and higher strain levels used in this study. Notably, Method 2 CWI results were able to maintain lower signal-signal variability and capture the “non-linearity” or curvature observed in traditional fatigue tests typically attributed to bias effects.
Spectroscopic Investigations of Phyto-Synthesized ZnO NPs Using Calendula officinalis L. leaf Extract
Authors: Tiwari Ajay Kumar , Jha Saket , Shukla Rohit , Awasthi Ram Raseele , bhardwaj Abhishek Kumar , Singh Abhimanyu Kumar , Ojha Rudra Prakash , Dikshit Anupam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In current decade, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) widely exploring owing to its versatile properties, prodigious demands in energy, beauty, healthcare sector. Therefore, the current work opted environmentally benign method to prepare ZnO NPs. In this process Aqueous Calendula officinalis L leaf extract was prepared for the reducing metal ions. The aqueous solution of zinc acetate (0.45M) were dropped at the rate of 5 ml/10 minute in the prepared extract. The ZnO NPs were successfully manufactured using a 50 ml and the aqueous solution (5 g) of Calendula leaves under constant stirring (1200 rpm) at a temperature of 600C for 2 hours. Brown coloured dried powder was obtained after three times washing. Furthermore, it characterized using different physico-chemical techniques. The spectroscopic study of synthesized ZnO NPs in distilled water, a peak observed at 355 nm. After initial confirmation of desired NPs, the FESEM generally apply to know their external assembly, which found small and big agglomerated form. The median crystalline particle size was estimated approx. ~24 nm using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed an absorption peak of the Zn–O bond between 4000 and 500 cm-1. This phyto-synthesis method for preparing the ZnO NPs using the leaf extract of Calendula officinalis L. evidenced to be superior, and environmental friendly, and these nano products shows the various applications.
The effects of different inoculation amounts of Lactobacillus plantarum on antioxidant capacity, chemical composition and sensory quality of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit pomace ensiled
Authors: Pan xiong , Deng Ting fei , Li Liang qun , Yang Li shou , Gao Ming , Yan Fang yan , Peng Mei , Yang Juan , Liu Song , Ge Li Juan , Yang Xiao Sheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In order to enable high-value disposal and proper preservation of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit pomace for waste valorization, ensiling was carried out to preserve Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit pomace (RRTP) for 60 days at different inoculation amounts of L. plantarum (0, 5×105 CFU g-1, 2.5×106 CFU g-1 and 1.25×107 CFU g-1, per gram of fresh RRTP, named the CK, Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3, respectively). Further, the effects of different inoculation amounts of L. plantarum on antioxidant status, chemical composition and sensory quality of RRTP were evaluated. The results showed that Group 2 and Group 3 increased antioxidant capacity and the proportion of total phenols (P < 0.01) in RRTP silage compared with control. Moreover, yeasts、molds were not found in Group 2 and Group 3. In addition, The two groups exhibited the best sensory quality. Overall, the right amount addition of The L. plantarum could offer a sustainable eco-friendly process to preserve RRTP and improve the quality of RRTP silage.
Exploring Inequalities between Migrant and Non-Migrant Populations in the Utilization of Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Acquadro-Pacera Giulia , Valente Martina , Facci Giulia , Molla-Kiros Bereket , Corte Francesco Della , Barone-Adesi Francesco , Ragazzoni Luca , Trentin Monica 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Migrants face several barriers when accessing care and tend to rely on emergency services to a greater extent than primary care. Comparing emergency department (ED) utilization by migrants and non-migrants can unveil inequalities affecting the migrant population and pave the way for public health strategies aimed at improving health outcomes. This systematic review aims to investigate differences in ED utilization between migrant and non-migrant populations to ultimately advance research on migrants’ access to care and inform health policies addressing health inequalities.
Methods A literature search was conducted in March 2023 on Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The included studies were limited to those relying on data collected from 2012 and written in English or Italian. Data extracted included information on the migrant population and the ED visit, the differences in ED utilization between migrants and non-migrants, and the challenges faced by migrants prior to, during, and after the ED visit. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Results After full-text review, 24 articles met the inclusion criteria. All but one adopted a quantitative methodology. Some studies reported a higher frequency of ED visits among migrants, while others a higher frequency among non-migrants. Migrants tend to leave the hospital against medical advice more frequently than the native population and present at the ED without consulting a general practitioner (GP). They are also less likely to access the ED via ambulance. Admissions for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSC) were higher for migrants, while still being significant for the non-migrant population.
Conclusions The comparison between migrants’ and non-migrants’ utilization of the ED does not suggest a clear pattern, yet it shows that migrants’ access to care is hindered by barriers such as language barriers, poor insurance coverage, and limited working hours of GPs. Research exploring differences in ED utilization by migrants and non-migrants adopting a qualitative methodology is needed.
The multiple effects of exogenous silicon on alleviation of cadmium toxicity in Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)
Authors: wen jing , Hu Hongling , Liao Yuhua , Guan Peng , Dai Dachuan , Chen Gang , Chen Lianghua , Chen Hong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aims Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal, which is highly highly toxic to humans and plants. Exogenous silicon (Si) has been shown to alleviate Cd toxicity in various plant species, but the mechanism in raspberry has not been cleared.
Methods A pot experiment was adopted to evaluate the effects of Si on the growth, biochemical parameters, ultrastructure and Cd content of Cd-treated raspberry plants. In this experiment, raspberry was treated with three levels of cadmium (0, 5, and 10 mg kg−1), and each level of cadmium was treated with three levels of silicon (0, 100 and 200 mg kg-1).
Results The exogenous application of Si (especially at 200 mg kg-1 level) obviously enhanced plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, and ameliorated Cd-induced ultrastructural alterations by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content and further increasing enzymatic antioxidative defense system activity. Si applied also reduced available Cd content in the soil, resulting in lower Cd content in plant tissues and the translocation factor.
Conclusions This study revealed that external application of Si alleviates the adverse effect of Cd by enhancing the growth of plant, increasing photosynthesis, strengthening the antioxidant defense systems, reducing oxidative injury, amending Cd-induced ultrastructural changes and reducing Cd bioavailability, thereby decreasing Cd uptake and translocation with different Cd levels in raspberry.
Fully automated landmarking and facial segmentation on 3D photographs
Authors: Berends Bo , Bielevelt Freek , Schreurs Ruud , Vinayahalingam Shankeeth , Maal Thomas , de Jong Guido 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Three-dimensional facial stereophotogrammetry provides a detailed representation of craniofacial soft tissue without the use of ionizing radiation. While manual annotation of landmarks serves as the current gold standard for cephalometric analysis, it is a time-consuming process and is prone to human error. The aim in this study was to develop and evaluate an automated cephalometric annotation method using a deep learning-based approach.
Ten landmarks were manually annotated on 2897 3D facial photographs. The automated landmarking workflow involved two successive DiffusionNet models. The dataset was randomly divided into a training and test dataset. The precision of the workflow was evaluated by calculating the Euclidean distances between the automated and manual landmarks and compared to the intra-observer and inter-observer variability of manual annotation and a semi-automated landmarking method.
The workflow was successful in 98.6% of all test cases. The deep learning-based landmarking method achieved precise and consistent landmark annotation. The mean precision of 1.69 ± 1.15 mm was comparable to the inter-observer variability (1.31 ± 0.91 mm) of manual annotation.
Automated landmark annotation on 3D photographs was achieved with the DiffusionNet-based approach. The proposed method allows quantitative analysis of large datasets and may be used in diagnosis, follow-up, and virtual surgical planning.
Creatine maintains mitochondrial integrity and protects against dysfunction in molecular systems involved in early epileptiform activity and cognitive impairment in young rats submitted to traumatic brain injury
Authors: Royes Luiz Fernando Freire , Busanello Guilherme Lago , Godinho Douglas , Nascimento Alexandre Seixas , Lima Gabriel Correa , Cunha Jane do Socorro dos Navegantes Marçal , Neto João Bento Torres , Sosthenes Marcia Consentino Kronka Sosthenes , Gomez-Pinilla Fernando , Krishna Gokul , Furian Ana Flavia , Oliveira Mauro Scneider , Fighera Michele Rechia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite the number of studies supporting the neuroprotective role of creatine in pathophysiology caused by traumatic brain injuries, there is insufficient knowledge of how this ergogenic compound may potentially affect brain-injury complications in adolescence. Thus, we hypothesized that creatine supplementation after a TBI could prevent from deleterious neurological effects such as memory deficits, mitochondrial disfunction and epileptiform activity. Our experimental data revealed, for the first time, that creatine supplementation (300 mg/kg, po) for two weeks after neuronal injury protected against spatial memory dysfunction (Barnes maze test), disruption of hippocampal theta/delta activity, and spontaneous epileptiform activity in 35-day-old rats submitted to severe fluid percussion injury (FPI). Interestingly, the FPI protocol did not cause cell loss (especially parvalbumin-positive neurons) in the CA1 and CA2/CA3 areas but induced mitochondria dysfunction (MTT, Δψ, SDH, complex II, COX, CS, CKm activity inhibition, and CKm immunoreactivity decrease), and mitochondrial oxidative stress (DCFH-DA oxidation, increased 4-hydroxynonenal levels, free -SH groups, and lower GSH levels). Creatine’s ability to maintain mitochondrial integrity protected against dysfunctions in molecular systems involved in cellular energy homeostasis (decreased PGC1 and TFAM immunoreactivity), Na+,K+-ATPase activity inhibition, and proteins related to brain plasticity (decreased BDNF, TrkB, and pCREB/CREB immunoreactivity) after FPI. These data suggest that epileptiform activity and cognitive dysfunction in young rats may, at least partly, result from alterations in surviving neurons interfering with creatine-induced secondary injury, which may be an excellent therapeutic strategy against toxicity induced by traumatic brain injury.
Growth Performance and Average Daily Gain (ADG) in Post-weaning Crossbred Saanen Kids and Crossbred Barbados Blackbelly Lambs: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Noor Syaheera , Ahamad Nurafizah , Rosli Nur Shuhaidah Ainaa , Adhan Ernie Muneerah Mohd 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Live weight is the most common measurement to evaluate the growth performance of livestock for constructing their growth curve. The present study aims to measure the live weight and growth performance of post-weaning male and female crossbred Saanen kids and BBB lambs and to compare their ADG and FCR. Observations and recordings were conducted over as six-week period at UniSZA Pasir Akar Farm, involving a sample of ten crossbred Saanen kids and BBB lambs (n = 6 females, n = 4 males) respectively. The average live weight of crossbred Saanen males and females were the highest at week 5 with 19.1 ± 2.59 kg and 19.8 ± 3.49, respectively. The average live weight of crossbred BBB males and females also showed the highest at week 5 with 21.3 ± 4.6 kg and 21 ± 2.86 kg, respectively. The weeks' average live weight of both sex post-weaning crossbred BBB lambs was equally non-significant (p > 0.05). A substantial difference (P < 0.05) is observed in ADG values between female crossbred Saanen kids and BBB lambs. Lambs had 0.03 kg more ADG than kids. A significant difference (P < 0.05) exists in ADG between male Saanen kids and BBB lambs. Male lambs have 0.047 kg greater ADG than male kids. This finding suggests that breed, have influenced the growth performances, including average daily gain (ADG) and FCR, of both kids and lambs during their post-weaning phase.