bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invited reaction: The effects of alternative reports of human resource development results on managerial support
Authors: Cascio Wayne F. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractMattson's article is an important contribution to the literature in HRD and program evaluation for a
variety of reasons. It addresses an area that sorely needs rigorous research, it uses a theory‐based model
that is relevant to managers' evaluations of HRD programs, it provides valuable insights on how best to
present HRD evaluation results to managers, and it demonstrates that HRD program evaluations that are expressed in
terms of results do influence the decisions of operating managers. The ongoing challenge will be to articulate
linkages between HRD programs, employees' behavior, and outcomes that are important to managers. Doing so
will lead to even greater impact on managers' decisions about the future uses of HRD interventions.
The impact on career development of learning opportunities and learning behavior at work
Authors: Van der Sluis Lidewey E. C. , Poell Rob F. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis study focuses on the individual career development process of M.B.A.s on the job, in an era emphasizing
personal responsibility for learning and development. The impact of learning opportunities and individual learning
behavior was analyzed through repeated measures. Hierarchical regressions and difference‐of‐means
tests were performed based on survey data collected from early‐career M.B.A.s. Several relationships
between the research variables were found to be consistent with current literature. The results provide leads for
further research into effects of both context and personal characteristics on the individual's career
development process on the job.
Translating training science into practice: A study of managers' reactions to posttraining transfer interventions
Authors: Huint Philip , Saks Alan M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate managers' reactions to two posttraining transfer interventions
(relapse prevention and supervisor support training) and two types of information about their
effectiveness (utility analysis and research information). One hundred seventy‐four managers and
students received one of four scenarios and were then asked if they would adopt the intervention as part of a
training program to increase the productivity of clerical‐administrative staff. The results indicated no
significant differences between the posttraining transfer interventions or information conditions, although there
was a trend in favor of the supervisor support intervention; also, the utility analysis information was not as
well received as the research information. In general, managers did not indicate a high acceptance of either the
relapse prevention or the supervisor support intervention. The results are discussed in terms of the willingness of
managers to adopt training research innovations and the implications for HRD
research‐to‐practice.
Conceptualization and exploration of composite career anchors: An analysis of information systems personnel
Authors: Ramakrishna Hindupur V. , Potosky Denise 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSome researchers have emphasized the importance of identifying individuals' dominant career anchors and
perhaps matching these anchors with HR planning initiatives. However, there has been little empirical research
addressing the existence and impact of clusters of dominant career anchors. This study addresses this gap in the
literature and examines the career anchors of 163 information systems (IS) professionals. Consistent
with
the findings of earlier studies, nine career anchors (managerial competence, identity, variety, service,
geographic security, autonomy, organizational stability, technical competence, and creativity) were evident
in
this sample. Results provide evidence of multiple dominant anchors for many individuals, and that individuals
with
multiple dominant anchors do not report significantly different career‐related outcomes than those with
single dominant anchors. The results suggest that clusters of career anchors, rather than a single dominant
anchor,
should be considered in HR planning efforts for IS personnel, and potentially for personnel in other career
fields.
Results from organizational development interventions in a technology call center
Authors: Workman Michael 
Published: May 2003

AbstractTechnology support call centers are becoming an increasingly important part of the American economy.
However, there are many scholarly reports of problems associated among these endeavors. Research into
mitigating these problems has tended to focus on structural alignment, or forms of team participation, leading
to conflicting outcomes. HRD researchers are left with an unclear picture of the outcomes, and HRD
practitioners have been left with the question of which of these interventions to implement. This study
concurrently investigated the effects on job satisfaction from structural‐alignment,
high‐involvement, autonomous‐team interventions compared to a control group. The analysis
indicated job satisfaction improvements in the alignment and high‐involvement groups, with the
high‐involvement groups suggesting the most significant improvements. As a result, recommendations are
made for HRD practitioners and future HRD research.
Efficacy of nefazodone in the treatment of neuroleptic induced extrapyramidal side effects: a double‐blind randomised parallel group placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Wynchank Dora , Berk Michael 
Published: May 2003

AbstractMany atypical antipsychotics show antagonism at both serotonergic and dopaminergic neurones and show fewer extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). Nefazodone blocks postsynaptic 5HT2A receptors and weakly inhibits serotonin reuptake. This study aimed to elucidate the role of nefazodone in the treatment of antipsychotic‐induced EPS. The trial was a double‐blind, randomised, placebo‐controlled trial of patients requiring antipsychotic treatment with haloperidol 10 mg daily; from which a subgroup of patients who developed EPS were selected for the study. Patients were randomised to add‐on therapy with either placebo (n = 24) or nefazodone (n = 25) 100 mg bd. EPS were measured on days 0, 3 and 7 using the Simpson Angus, Barnes akathisia, abnormal involuntary movement and Chouinard scales. Nefazodone significantly reduced EPS as measured by both the Simpson Angus scale and CGI (p = 0.007 and 0.0247, respectively). Akathisia and tardive dyskinesia did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.601; p = 0.507, respectively). These results suggest the role of 5HT2 antagonism in the mechanism of action of atypical antipsychotics with respect to lowering rates of drug‐induced EPS. In addition, a therapeutic role for nefazodone is suggested in the treatment of antipsychotic‐induced EPS. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is effective following repeated courses in the treatment of major depressive disorder—a case report
Authors: Dannon Pinhas N. , Grunhaus Leon 
Published: May 2003

AbstractRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a relatively new treatment modality for psychiatric patients. rTMS was demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of depression. However, longitudinal outcome studies have not yet been published. Relapse rates are higher in depressed patients and most of them do not respond to the same treatment with similar success. In this report we present a patient, who experienced relapse with the various conventional drug treatments, but responded well to rTMS at three different points in time. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Switching to tianeptine in patients with antidepressant‐induced sexual dysfunction
Authors: Atmaca Murad , Kuloglu Murat , Tezcan Ertan , Buyukbayram Ayten 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSexual side effects are frequent and are recently being considered as effects of antidepressant treatment. One method to improve the sexual dysfunction associated with the use of antidepressants is to change to another antidepressant. In the present work, the consequences of switching to tianeptine in patients with antidepressant‐induced sexual dysfunction were studied. The study group comprised 23 patients with major depressive disorder who experienced antidepressant‐induced sexual dysfunction. These antidepressants were stopped and switched to tianeptine (12.5 mg × 3/day). All patients were screened by using the clinical global impression‐improvement scale (CGI‐I), the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM‐D) and the Arizona sexual experience scale (ASEX) at the beginning of the study, and at weeks 4 and 8. No patient failed to tolerate 37.5 mg of tianeptine or to complete the study except for one patient becoming pregnant. Paired t‐tests revealed a significant difference between baseline and week 4 or week 8 in scores on both the HAM‐D and ASEX. At 8 weeks, six patients were rated as very much improved (CGI‐I = 1) and ten patients were rated as much improved (CGI‐I = 2). Thus, with a CGI‐I score of 2 or less used to indicate a positive response, 72.7% of the patients were responders. The results suggest that switching to tianeptine appears to be useful for alleviating sexual dysfunction caused by other antidepressants. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationship of plasma amphetamine levels to physiological, subjective, cognitive and biochemical measures in healthy volunteers
Authors: Asghar Sheila J. , Tanay Veronique A. M. I. , Baker Glen B. , Greenshaw Andy , Silverstone Peter H. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAcute administration of the stimulant dextro‐amphetamine produces multiple physiological, subjective cognitive and biochemical changes. These effects are similar to those seen in mania, and may be a useful model for mania. The aim of the present study was more fully to determine the multiple effects of dextro‐amphetamine and to relate these to changes in plasma levels of the drug. In a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled crossover study in 25 healthy volunteers (ages 18–45), the effects of 25 mg of oral dextro‐amphetamine were examined. Physiological, subjective, cognitive changes, concentrations of amino acids and metabolites of biogenic amines period were related to changes in plasma amphetamine concentrations over 500 min. Peak concentrations of dextro‐amphetamine occurred at 2.5–3.5 h post‐administration and levels decreased to 75% of peak value after 500 min. The results from the present study indicate that the subjective psychological, cognitive and blood pressure changes frequently did not mirror the time course of plasma levels of the drug. Thus, there was no clear‐cut relationship between plasma levels and effects. In addition, dextro‐amphetamine caused no significant changes in amino acids or amino metabolite concentrations. In conclusion, while dextro‐amphetamine administration definitely causes several changes which are seen in mania, there remain some physiological and metabolic differences between these two conditions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Specific memory deficits in ecstasy users? The results of a meta‐analysis
Authors: Verbaten Marinus N. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA meta‐analysis was carried out on the possible functional neurotoxic effects of ecstasy use in humans on verbal short‐term memory (STM), verbal long‐term memory (LTM), processing speed (RT) and % errors (attention). To that end studies were found on the effect of ecstasy that fulfilled the criteria for a meta‐analysis (number of subjects, means and standard deviations of the dependent variables). Ten studies were included on STM, ten on LTM, eight on RT and eight on % errors (attention). In addition meta‐regression analyses were carried out on the effect sizes with total lifetime ecstasy consumption (TLEC) as predictor. It was found that in all four meta‐analyses the mean effect size (ES) was significant: ecstasy users had lower verbal STM and LTM scores, reacted slower and made more errors. The meta‐regression coefficients were not significant, indicating no support for a linear relationship between the mean ES values and TLEC, leaving open the possibility for a stepwise relationship. Additional meta‐analyses on ecstasy groups that did not differ in lifetime cannabis consumption showed that only the ES for LTM became insignificant. This suggests that ecstasy use does not decrease LTM, but the number of studies on which this conclusion is based was very low. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Olanzapine induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome—a case review
Authors: Kogoj Aleš , Velikonja Ingrid 
Published: May 2003

AbstractNeuroleptic malignant syndrome is the rarest and the most serious of the neuroleptic induced movement disorders. Although potent neuroleptics are more frequently associated with NMS, atypical antipsychotic drugs may also be a cause of NMS. Three databases were searched using the terms ‘olanzapine’ and ‘neuroleptic’ ‘malignant syndrome’. Case reports were selected and reviewed from among all articles that fulfilled the search criteria. Twenty six cases were reviewed. Twenty cases fulfilled the criteria published by Sachdev et al. Olanzapine was the most probable cause of NMS in 16 cases. The absence of rigidity was described in only two of 16 highly probable olanzapine induced NMS cases, which is not as often as it is reported in clozapine associated NMS (36%). It was found that prior NMS is an important risk factor in NMS. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Milnacipran plasma levels and antidepressant response in Japanese major depressive patients
Authors: Higuchi Hisashi , Yoshida Keizo , Takahashi Hitoshi , Naito Shingo , Kamata Mitsuhiro , Ito Kenichi , Sato Kazuhiro , Tsukamoto Kei , Shimizu Tetsuo , Nakanishi Mamoru , Hishikawa Yasuo 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe relationship between antidepressant effects and plasma levels of milnacipran was studied in 49 cases of major depression without psychotic features during 6 weeks of milnacipran treatment. The daily dose of milnacipran was 50 mg/day for the first week, and up to 100 mg/day thereafter. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Montgomery and Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) before treatment and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the beginning of this study. Thirty‐four patients (69.4%) were responders (defined as a 50% or greater decrease in the baseline MADRS score). Significant differences of MADRS scores were seen from 1 week after the beginning of this study (p = 0.004, unpaired t‐test) between responders and nonresponders. The mean plasma milnacipran level of responders, 82.0 ± 29.4 ng/ml, was similar to that of non‐responders, 78.6 ± 23.1 ng/ml; there was no significant difference between responders and nonresponders. Neither a significant linear nor a curvilinear relationship was obtained between the final MADRS score and the plasma levels of milnacipran. Although there was no significant relationship between the plasma levels of milnacipran and the antidepressant response, milnacipran should be considered an efficacious agent in the treatment of major depressive patients. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A placebo controlled investigation into the effects of paroxetine and mirtazapine on measures related to car driving performance
Authors: Ridout F. , Meadows R. , Johnsen S. , Hindmarch I. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of paroxetine and mirtazapine on psychometric performance related to car driving, including an on‐the‐road test of BRT.MethodIn a 4‐way, double blind randomised crossover study, 12 healthy volunteers received paroxetine 20 mg mane, mirtazapine 15 mg/30 mg nocte (comparator), mirtazapine 15 mg mane/15 mg b.i.d.(verum) and placebo over a 5 day period with a washout period of 7 days between treatments. Psychometric assessments included ‘on‐the‐road’ BRT (BRT), CFF (CFF), CRT (CRT) and subjective measures of sedation and sleep parameters.ResultsParoxetine had no significant effect on BRT compared with placebo. Although subjective ratings of sleep quality and sedation were impaired, there were significant improvements in both CFF and the recognition reaction component of CRT with paroxetine. Mirtazapine 15 mg/30 mg nocte impaired laboratory performance and some subjective tests. Mirtazapine 15 mg mane/15 mg b.i.d. improved sleep, but significantly impaired all other measures.ConclusionParoxetine 20 mg/day has no psychomotor or behavioural toxicity and has no negative impact on BRT. Further research into the chronic and sub‐chronic effects of mirtazapine is needed to establish the clinical significance of these results. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Animal models of depression: are there any?
Authors: O'Neil Michael F. , Moore Nicholas A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSimple tests for antidepressant‐like activity, such as 5‐HTP‐induced syndrome or reserpine‐induced hypomotility, are often mechanism‐based tests, pharmacologically specific for certain known classes of therapeutically successful antidepressant agents. Many of these behavioural assays have been superseded by neurochemical techniques such as in vivo microdialysis. In contrast to these mechanistic‐based models, investigators have also endeavoured to reproduce in the laboratory, factors that are believed to precipitate depression in people. It is a strong assumption in this approach that depression is a response to stress. This strategy profiles the consequences of chronic stress particularly psychosocial stress or early life events, in order to reproduce in animals the behavioural signs and pathologies associated with depression. The advances in the social psychological, clinical pathological and new areas such as neuroimaging research offer the possibility of establishing more sophisticated models for depression in animals with a broader range of biomarkers from the immunological and endocrinological to neurochemical and behavioural. Combining these novel insights with more traditional tests of depression may not only increase our understanding of the neurobiology of depression but also afford more precise and predictive preclinical models of depression. The responsiveness of different strains or genetically modified animals to stress is likely to be a key area of study. Furthermore we must look to individual differences in subjects, even within the same strain, to more fully understand why some individuals show pathological responses to stress whereas others appear unaffected. Conversely in validating our models using currently available treatments we must include the concept of non‐responders so as not to disregard models that may extend therapeutic possibilities in these patients. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mitogenic and antiapoptotic role of constitutive NF‐κB/Rel activity in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Liptay Susanne , Weber Christoph K. , Ludwig Leopold , Wagner Martin , Adler Guido , Schmid Roland M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe transcription factor NF‐κB/Rel was found to be constitutively activated in human pancreatic cancer. RelA is present in the nucleus in primary human pancreatic cancer samples as well as in pancreatic cancer cell lines. NF‐κB/Rel–binding activity consists of NF‐κB1(p50) and RelA(p65). Constitutive NF‐κB/Rel activity correlates with IκB kinase (IKK) activity and can be blocked by dominant negative mutants of IKKβ and to a lesser extent by IKKα. Constitutive NF‐κB/Rel activity and the transactivation potential of RelA(p65) can be inhibited by dominant negative mutant Ras, the PI3 kinase inhibitor LY294002, or dominant negative mutant Akt kinase. Transfection of a dominant negative mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF‐R), EGF‐R kinase inhibitor Tyrphostin and LY 294002 blocked IKK activity and NF‐κB–dependent transcription. Inhibition of constitutive IKK or NF‐κB/Rel activity increased the number of apoptotic cells. Stably expressing a nondegradable form of IκBα inhibited anchorage‐dependent and ‐independent proliferation in MiaPaCa2 and Panc1 cells. Our data demonstrate that an EGF‐R/Ras/PI3 kinase/Akt/IKK‐dependent pathway contributes to constitutive NF‐κB/Rel activity in pancreatic cancer. Inhibition of NF‐κB/Rel activity reveals a mitogenic and antiapoptotic role for NF‐κB/Rel in pancreatic cancer. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A national case‐control study of Ewing's sarcoma family of tumours in Australia
Authors: Valery Patricia Casarolli , McWhirter William , Sleigh Adrian , Williams Gail , Bain Chris 
Published: May 2003

AbstractLimited population‐based epidemiologic information is available on Ewing's sarcoma family of tumours (ESFT), a rare group of neoplasms. Several associations have been noted on a few studies but results were not consistent, except for exposure to farming among cases and their parents. Here we present the non‐farm findings of a nationwide case‐control study of ESFT in children and young adults in Australia. The analysis included 106 persons with confirmed ESFT and 344 population‐based controls selected randomly via telephone. Information was collected by interview (84% face to face). We found a strong and significant association of ESFT with hernias, in particular hernia repaired in hospital (OR = 5.6, 95% CI 1.3–6.4). Among other factors, there was a near doubling of risk for males, and male cases had their pubertal signs earlier (started shaving earlier) than male controls. There was also an increased risk of ESFT at higher levels of self‐assessed exercise, but no other factor really stood out. For pregnancy‐related factors, there was a tripling of risk for glandular fever, a doubling of risk for urinary tract infection and a near doubling of risk for X‐rays during or just before pregnancy, but these estimates were not significant. In addition, there was a large number of inverse associations with medical conditions (specifically bone disorders), case exposure to medications, vaccinations and X‐rays, with ultrasound during the pregnancy having the most certain effects. We conclude that, although the aetiology of ESFT remains obscure, overall there is strong evidence of an association with inguinal hernia; this can now be added to the farm‐associated risk reported by others and us. The other associations reported here await replication and refinement in future studies. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HER 2/neu expression and gene amplification in colon cancer
Authors: Nathanson Daniel R. , Culliford Alfred T. , Shia Jinru , Chen Beiyun , D'Alessio Matthew , Zeng Zhao‐Shi , Nash Garrett M. , Gerald William , Barany Francis , Paty Philip B. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractHER 2/neu is an important oncogene in breast cancer, but the prevalence and significance of HER 2/neu gene amplification in colon cancer have been poorly documented. We have evaluated HER 2/neu gene amplification and protein overexpression in a series of colon cancers to assess the frequency, concordance and clinical significance of these events. HER 2/neu gene copy number was measured in 154 primary colon tumors, 15 liver metastases and matched normal tissues using a quantitative PCR/ligase detection reaction (LDR) technique developed and validated in our laboratory. HER 2/neu copy number was confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in all tumors found to have gene amplification. In an independent and blinded fashion, HER 2/neu expression was assessed in paraffin sections from 139 of the tumor specimens using the HercepTest kit. HER 2/neu gene amplification was observed in 4 (2.4%) of the 169 tumor specimens and in none of the normal tissues. There was no apparent association with stage of disease, tumor grade or patient survival. Among 139 cases evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), HER 2/neu overexpression was seen in 5 cases (3.6%). There was extremely high concordance (kappa = 0.852) between gene amplification and protein overexpression. The low prevalence of HER 2/neu gene amplification and protein overexpression suggests that this oncogene plays an infrequent role in the development and progression of colon cancer. These data indicate that the primary mechanism of dysregulated HER 2/neu expression in colon cancer, as in breast cancer, is gene amplification. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.