bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consecuencias inesperadas de la polarización política: Purga y reconstrucción de la Corte Constitucional en EcuadorUnintended consequences of political polarization: Purge and reconstruction of the Constitutional Court in Ecuador
Authors: Ríos Figueroa Julio , Valarezo Patricia Sotomayor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this article we investigate the impact of affective polarization around the figure of Rafael Correa on the institutions of democracy, specifically on the Constitutional Court of Ecuador. We argue that this polarization led, first, to the purge of the Constitutional Court in 2018 causing a breakdown of the institutional order and stability that had been maintained since 2007. But the same polarization, in a second moment, also produced that the Court appointed after the purge had a different composition than the previous ones, with more diverse and innovative profiles. The new set of magistrates, in turn, initiated a transformation of the constitutional jurisprudence and the political role of the Constitutional Court. The Ecuadorian case qualifies the essentially negative view of political polarization.
One day in Denmark: whole-genome sequence-based analysis of Escherichia coli isolates from clinical settings
Authors: Rebelo Ana Rita , Bortolaia Valeria , Leekitcharoenphon Pimlapas , Hansen Dennis Schrøder , Nielsen Hans Linde , Ellermann-Eriksen Svend , Kemp Michael , Røder Bent Løwe , Frimodt-Møller Niels , Søndergaard Turid Snekloth , Coia John Eugenio , Østergaard Claus , Westh Henrik , Aarestrup Frank M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
WGS can potentially be routinely used in clinical microbiology settings, especially with the increase in sequencing accuracy and decrease in cost. Escherichia coli is the most common bacterial species analysed in those settings, thus fast and accurate diagnostics can lead to reductions in morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs.

Objectives
To evaluate WGS for diagnostics and surveillance in a collection of clinical E. coli; to examine the pool of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants circulating in Denmark and the most frequent STs; and to evaluate core-genome MLST (cgMLST) and SNP-based clustering approaches for detecting genetically related isolates.

Methods
We analysed the genomes of 699 E. coli isolates collected throughout all Danish Clinical Microbiology Laboratories. We used rMLST and KmerFinder for species identification, ResFinder for prediction of AMR, and PlasmidFinder for plasmid identification. We used Center for Genomic Epidemiology MLST, cgMLSTFinder and CSI Phylogeny to perform typing and clustering analysis.

Results
Genetic AMR determinants were detected in 56.2% of isolates. We identified 182 MLSTs, most frequently ST-69, ST-73, ST-95 and ST-131. Using a maximum 15-allele difference as the threshold for genetic relatedness, we identified 23 clusters. SNP-based phylogenetic analysis within clusters revealed from 0 to 13 SNPs, except two cases with 111 and 461 SNPs.

Conclusions
WGS data are useful to characterize clinical E. coli isolates, including predicting AMR profiles and subtyping in concordance with surveillance data. We have shown that it is possible to adequately cluster isolates through a cgMLST approach, but it remains necessary to define proper interpretative criteria.
Session 2: Understanding Avoidance, Mindfulness (Part I)
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter focuses on educating clients about avoidance and mindfulness. In this session therapists explain the connection between trauma-related memories and avoidance and the hierarchies of trauma cues. Exploring cues that are subtle trauma-related triggers with one group member will help other group members understand how to unpack their own situational reminders. In this session therapists introduce the skill of mindfulness, which will help clients learn to focus their attention and improve concentration. Therapists encourage clients to practice doing one thing while fully engaging their attention on that activity, encouraging clients to notice the difference in how they feel when multi-tasking versus single-tasking.
Session 7: Working With Your Thoughts (Part II)—Becoming Aware of How You Think
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter covers working with thoughts and identifying cognitive shifts. On the positive side, cognitive shifts keep a person focused on a threat, allowing them to better manage the potentially harmful situation. However, cognitive shifts also can maintain feelings of threat and may actually exacerbate avoidance if the person focuses on the worst possible interpretations or potential outcomes of the situation. The chapter describes several types of cognitive shifts, such as filtering, polarized thinking, overgeneralization, personalization, and shoulds. It highlights the importance of being gentle when addressing cognitive shifts as clients become aware of a shift and move to address it.
Session 12: Rebuilding Your Social Connections
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter discusses how to rebuild social connections to reduce stress and manage negative emotions. Trauma changes many different aspects of a Veteran's life and can interrupt relationships in unexpected ways. There are many different reasons why a person's social patterns may have changed, all of which are legitimate and valid. The chapter explains how maintaining social interactions can be difficult while managing symptoms of PTSD, due to avoidance or feeling like others cannot be trusted. This chapter includes a brief assessment to determine the client’s level of social connection and offers ways to rebuild social relationships, such as meeting new people, re-establishing connections, and finding ways to be closer to family.
Session 14: Wrapping Up Group CBT
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter describes the concluding session of the program. It is important for Veterans to consider the road ahead, since recovery from posttraumatic stress disorder is a process, and change is not a straight line when it comes to treatment gains. Even though trauma is likely to remain a bad memory, it should no longer represent a guiding force in the client’s life. Each Veterans’s coping plan can serve as a reminder of the skills learned during the program. The guide can help clients to maintain the gains they made during the treatment program and prevent relapses because of PTSD. Specific skills can be used for specific kinds of PTSD symptoms.
Identifying zooplankton fecal pellets from in situ images
Authors: Perhirin Margaux , Vilgrain Laure , Perrin Geneviève , Lalande Catherine , Picheral Marc , Maps Frédéric , Ayata Sakina-Dorothée 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Zooplankton play a crucial role in the biological carbon pump by producing sinking particles including sloppy feeding by-products, fecal pellets, molts and carcasses. However, quantifying their impact of these particles on the carbon cycle remains difficult. The contribution of fecal pellets to particulate organic carbon export is usually assessed using fecal pellets collected from sediment traps and laboratory studies. Here, we identified 50 771 fecal pellet-like particles distributed across three morphological clusters. These were extracted from 987 236 in situ images of non-living particles collected from Baffin Bay (Arctic Ocean) using the Underwater Vision Profiler (UVP). We associated which taxonomic groups produced the fecal pellets by comparing the UVP images with observations of fecal pellet morphology and length. Our results emphasize the feasibility of quantifying fecal pellets from in situ images and the importance of developing the resolution of imaging tools that would simultaneously identify smaller fecal pellet-like particles and capture images of large crustacean zooplankton. Using in situ images in identifying fecal pellets will facilitate a better understanding of their dynamics, a more accurate calculation of carbon fluxes, and the representation of fecal pellets in biogeochemical models.
Transgression of planetary boundaries and the effects on child health through an infectious diseases lens
Authors: Coleman Mikaela , Khan Palwasha Y. , Linde Lauren , Williams Phoebe C.M. , Marais Ben J. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Life on earth, as we know it, is changing. The likelihood of more frequent pandemics and disease outbreaks is something that current global healthcare infrastructure is ill equipped to navigate. Human activity is forcing our planet into a new geologic epoch, the Anthropocene, which is typified by increased uncertainty resulting from human disruption of earth's life-giving ecosystems. Plagues and pandemics have always been unfortunate partners to periods of disruption, as they will be again if the frequency and severity of climate and conflict-mediated disasters increase in coming years. If we continue to exceed and degrade the planetary boundaries that protect human health, our children and their children will reap the consequences.

Recent findings
Scientists have defined nine ‘safe operating’ planetary boundaries for life in all its glorious diversity to thrive on planet earth. Recent evidence suggests that six of these nine boundaries have already been transgressed, but the potential implications for these transgressions upon child health is not well articulated. We highlight how contravention of these boundaries will impact infectious disease risk and humans’ ability to survive and thrive. We reflect specifically on how paediatricians are called upon to speak up for the most vulnerable members of our species, young children and as yet unborn future generations.

Summary
Post COVID-19 initiatives to improve pandemic preparedness and response are certainly warranted, but pandemic prevention should include committed efforts not to exceed safe planetary boundaries. Willingly exceeding these boundaries has deep moral consequences that are poorly articulated by current ethical frameworks. Paediatricians are best placed to develop and champion the neglected ‘third dimension’ of medical ethics, recognizing the moral imperative to protect the long-term best interests of children and future generations.
Persistent antigen is essential for sustainingLeishmania-specific memory CD4+T cells and long-term immunity
Authors: Mou Zhirong , Zayats Roma , Salako Enitan , Ikeogu Nnamdi , Onwah Somtochukwu S , Liu Dong , Hamana Hiroshi , Tan Da , Kishi Hiroyuki , Leung Carson , Arsenio Janilyn , Murooka Thomas , Uzonna Jude E 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMemory T cells are critical for secondary immunity against pathogens, yet their persistence in the absence of antigen remains unclear. While memory CD8+T cells are known to persist independently of their cognate antigen, the durability of memory CD4+T cells in the absence of antigen remains controversial. Recovery from cutaneous leishmaniasis confers lifelong immunity, largely mediated by CD4+T cells, but the necessity of persistent parasites for sustaining this immunity has not been empirically confirmed. We investigated immunity in mice infected with a dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (dhfr-ts)-deficientLeishmania major, which cannot persist due to their thymidine salvage deficiency. These mice lost protection against wild-type challenge, correlating with a decline inLeishmania(PEPCK)-specific CD4+T cells. To further dissect this relationship, we generated PEPCK-specific CD4+TCR transgenic (PEG) mice, enabling precise tracking ofLeishmania-specific memory CD4+T cells. Bothin vitroandin vivo-generated memory PEG cells gradually disappeared over time in the absence of antigen, irrespective of the host’s MHC II status, and this loss paralleled the erosion of infection-induced immunity. PEG and endogenous PEPCK-specific memory cells were not maintained in mice infected withdhfr-ts- orPEPCK-deficientL. major, resulting in loss of recall responses and secondary immunity. These findings demonstrate that continuous antigen presence is crucial for maintainingLeishmania-specific memory CD4+T cells and highlight the role of persistent antigen in sustaining long-term immunity against chronic infections.
Network theory predicts ecosystem robustness across environmental conditions
Authors: Agazzi Germain , Carpentier Camille , Bleeckx Olivia , De Laender Frédérik 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTheory posits that a network’s link-species relationship predicts how changes in species richnessSlead to changes in the number of linksLbetween species. This relationship quantifies resistance to secondary extinctions and therefore gives pivotal information on ecosystem robustness. However, changes inSoften coincide with environmental shifts, which can lead to unexpected impacts onL. In this paper, we constructed link-species relationships from 18 ecosystems using 1081 observations collected across different environmental conditions. We found that environmental noise (unspecified spatio-temporal variation) and environmental gradients (directional change) profoundly affected ecological network size (SandL), community composition, and induced network rewiring, with a Novotny’s rewiring index up to 0.47. Yet, we found the log(L) ∼ log(S) relationship to be remarkably constant across environmental conditions. Only in two of the 18 ecosystems did we find changes in environmental conditions to shift the log(L) ∼ log(S) relationship down, implying an overall drop inLbut not in how species loss affectsL. Our results show that network theory predicts ecosystem robustness across environmental gradients, which is encouraging for conservation.
TheAspergillus nidulansvelvet domain containing transcription factor VeA is shuttled from cytoplasm into nucleus during vegetative growth and stays there for sexual development, but has to return into cytoplasm for asexual development
Authors: Strohdiek Anja , Köhler Anna M. , Harting Rebekka , Stupperich Helena , Gerke Jennifer , Bastakis Emmanouil , Neumann Piotr , Ahmed Yasar L. , Ficner Ralf , Braus Gerhard H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSurvival of multicellular organisms requires the coordinated interplay between networks regulating gene expression and controlled intracellular transport of respective regulators. Velvet domain proteins are fungal transcription factors, which form various heterodimers and play key roles in controlling early developmental decisions towards more either asexual or sexual differentiation. VeA is the central subunit of the trimeric velvet complex VelB-VeA-LaeA, which links transcriptional to epigenetic control for the coordination of fungal developmental programs to specific secondary metabolite synthesis. Nuclear localization of the VeA bridging factor is carefully controlled in fungi. VeA carries three nuclear localization signals NLS1, NLS2 and NLS3, which all contribute to nuclear import. An additional VeA nuclear export sequence (NES) provides a shuttle function, which allows the cell to relocate VeA to the cytoplasm. VeA is nuclear during vegetative growth, but has to be exported from the nucleus to allow and promote asexual development. In contrast, progression of the sexual pathway requires continuous nuclear VeA localization. Accurate nuclear import and export control of velvet proteins is further connected to specific stability control mechanism as prerequisites for fungal development and secondary metabolism. These results illustrate the various complex mutual dependencies of velvet regulatory proteins for coordinating fungal development and secondary metabolism.
Localising enzymes to biomolecular condensates increases their accumulation and benefits engineered metabolic pathway performance inNicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Lindström Battle Anya L. , Barrett Angus W. , Fricker Mark D. , Sweetlove Lee J. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryEstablishment ofN. benthamianaas a robust biofactory is complicated by issues such as product toxicity and proteolytic degradation of target proteins / introduced enzymes. Here we investigate whether biomolecular condensates can be used to address these problems. We engineered biomolecular condensates inN. benthamianaleaves using transient expression of synthetic modular scaffolds. Thein vivoproperties of the condensates that resulted were consistent with them being liquid-like bodies with thermodynamic features typical of multicomponent phase-separating systems. We show that recruitment of enzymes to condensatesin vivoled to several fold yield increases in one- and three-step metabolic pathways (citramalate biosynthesis and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthesis, respectively). This enhanced yield could be for several reasons including improved enzyme kinetics, metabolite channelling or avoidance of cytotoxicity by retention of the pathway product within the condensate, which was demonstrated for PHB. However, we also observed a several-fold increase in amount of the enzymes that accumulated when they were targeted to the condensates. This suggests that the enzymes were more stable when localised to the condensate than when freely diffusing in the cytosol. We hypothesise that this stability is likely the main driver for increased pathway product production. Our findings provide a foundation for leveraging biomolecular condensates in plant metabolic engineering and advanceN. benthamianaas a versatile biofactory for industrial applications.
Asymmetric long-lived dark matter and leptogenesis from the type-III seesaw framework
Authors: Mahapatra Satyabrata , Paul Partha Kumar , Sahu Narendra , Shukla Prashant 
Published: January 2025

We propose a simple model in the type-III seesaw framework to explain the neutrino mass, asymmetric dark matter (DM), and baryon asymmetry of the Universe. We extend the Standard Model with a vectorlike singlet lepton (χ) and a hypercharge zero scalar triplet (Δ) in addition to three hypercharge zero triplet fermions (Σi,i=1, 2, 3). A Z2 symmetry is imposed under which χ and Δ are odd, while all other particles are even. As a result, the lightest Z2 odd particle χ behaves as a candidate of DM. In the early Universe, the CP-violating out-of-equilibrium decay of heavy triplet fermions to the Standard Model lepton (L) and Higgs (H) generate a net lepton asymmetry, while that of triplet fermions to χ and Δ generate a net asymmetric DM. The lepton asymmetry is converted to the required baryon asymmetry of the Universe via the electroweak sphalerons, while the asymmetry in χ remains as a DM relic that we observe today. We introduce a singlet scalar Φ, with mass MΦ<Mχ, which not only assists to deplete the symmetric component of χ through the annihilation process χ¯χ→ΦΦ, but also paves a path to detect DM χ at direct search experiments through Φ−H mixing. The electroweak symmetry breaking induces a nonzero vacuum expectation value to Δ, which leads to an unstable asymmetric DM ranging from a few MeV to hundreds of GeV. We then explore the displaced vertex signatures of the charged components of the scalar triplet Δ at colliders.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Determinants of FTAs utilization among Indian textile and clothing exporters: an exploratory study
Authors: Bajaj Parul , Sharma Anuj 
Published: January 2025

Purpose Currently, India has forayed into signing numerous trade agreements with heightened activity being witnessed in recent times. Although government officials anticipate that free trade agreements (FTAs) may potentially enhance exports, numerous exporting firms, particularly the smaller firms remain unaware of the benefits of preferential tariffs. To understand the perceptions relating to the utility of these trade agreements by India’s textile and garment exporter community.Design/methodology/approach To accomplish this aim, we conducted in-depth interviews with 16 Indian exporters and two policymakers in the textile and clothing sector. Further, themes and subthemes were obtained using qualitative content analysis.Findings The results reveal a lack of exporters’ knowledge on the use of trade agreements and their complementary nature as a major impediment to the trade agreements’ usage, the administrative costs are considered high, especially by the smaller enterprises. Further, more public support is demanded by the exporters in the employment of trade agreements.Practical implications To ensure the success of FTAs, coordinated government efforts in the sector are essential to boost production and, consequently, enhance trade. The study offers vital policy implications for making the FTA model successful for the stakeholders as well as meeting the government’s economic objectives.Originality/value This is the first study, specifically targeting India’s textile and garment exporters to explore their perceptions of trade agreements. This study offers a novel understanding of how trade agreements are perceived and utilized at the grassroots level of international trade.
When digitalization meets sustainability: exploring interactions within a manufacturing firm
Authors: Galvani Serena , Carloni Elisa , Bocconcelli Roberta , Pagano Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study explores if and how manufacturing firms can achieve an effective interaction between digitalization and sustainability (in economic, social and environmental terms). The main aim of the study is to understand the extent and nature of the interaction between digitalization and sustainability processes and how business firms manage this interaction.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative, in-depth, single case study approach is adopted, drawing upon the Actors-Resources-Activities (ARA) framework proposed by IMP studies. The case of Beta – a manufacturer in the mechatronic sector – is longitudinally analyzed via data collected from sustainability reports and interviews.

Findings
Beyond unveiling the main challenges and intervening factors to accomplish digital-sustainable interaction, the study highlights the need for firms to strategically plan and integrate digital and sustainable initiatives to foster such symbiotic interaction, emphasizing the role of activities, actors and resources in achieving a cohesive digital-sustainable journey.

Originality/value
The originality of the research relies upon the longitudinal perspective on the interaction between digitalization and sustainability and the adoption of an IMP-based approach referring to the ARA framework, which finally lead to novel contributions in both academic and managerial terms.