bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Membuat Soal Ujian Online Bentuk Pilihan Ganda Pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah FKIP Universitas Halu Oleo
Authors: Hak Pendais , Alwi Alimin , Batia La , Hayari Hayari , Untarti Dade Prat 
Published: October 2023

Paradigma modern beranggapan bahwa ilmu pengetahuan berkembang secepat banyaknya pemikiran dan inovasi manusia. Paradigma ini bertujuan untuk memudahkan dan memberikan nilai kebaruan dalam khasanah ilmu pengetahuan khusunya bertindak dalam bidang Pendidikan dan pengajaran. Untuk mempersiapkan mahasiswa menjadi calon guru yang professional yaitu dengan cara meningkatkan kompetensinya. Tim PKM melihat permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah FKIP UHO semester ngkat akhir. Pendidikan Sejarah FKIP UHO yaitu belum memahami bagaimana cara membuat soal online jenis pilihan ganda. Untuk itu tim PKM melakukan pelatihan cara membuat soal ujian online yang diselenggarakan di ruangan Pendidikan Sejarah dengan jumlah mahasiswa 19 orang. Metode pelatihan ini meliputi tahapan perencanaan, persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evalyasi. yaitu: (1) penyampaian materi langsung oleh tim PKM, (2) praktek langsung oleh mahasiswa dan tim PKM. Hasil pelatihan ini menunjukan bahwa pada awalnya mahasiswa belum mengetahui cara membuat soal ujian online yang dibuktikan dengan uji coba kepada mahasiswa. Setelah dilakukan pelatihan maka semua mahasiswa yang terdiri dari 19 orang mahasiswa telah mengetahui cara membuat ujian online baik soal bentuk pilihan ganda.
Training On How To Make Multiple-Choice Online Exam Questions For History Education Students of FKIP Halu Oleo University
The modern paradigm assumes that science develops as fast as human thought and innovation. This paradigm aims to facilitate and provide novelty value in the realm of knowledge, especially in the field of education and teaching. To prepare students to become professional teacher candidates, namely by increasing their competence. The PKM team looked at the problems faced by final semester FKIP UHO History Education students. FKIP UHO History Education means they don't understand how to make online multiple choice questions. For this reason, the PKM team conducted training on how to create online exam questions which was held in the History Education room with a total of 19 students. This training method includes the stages of planning, preparation, implementation and evaluation. namely: (1) delivery of material directly by the PKM team, (2) direct practice by students and the PKM team. The results of this training show that initially students did not know how to create online exam questions as proven by testing with students. After the training, all 19 students knew how to make online exams, including multiple choice questions.
Influence du travail professionnel sur le vieillissement de deux groupes de femmes
Authors: Clément Fernand 
Published: October 2023

Deux échantillons, comprenant au total plus de 1 400 femmes, âgées en moyenne de 47 ans et demi, appartenant à deux milieux socio-économiques différents, ont servi de base à cette étude, dont le but était de comparer les femmes qui travaillent à celles qui ne travaillent pas. Trois approches ont été faites : comparaison des deux échantillons pris dans leur ensemble, comparaisons des groupes socio-professionnels composant chaque échantillon et appariement de couples composés chacun d’une travailleuse et d’une inactive du même échantillon et aussi comparables que possible. L’effet de la durée hebdomadaire de travail et la variation des résultats en fonction de l’âge des sujets, ont été mis en évidence, mais la grande vérité qui se dégage est que l’influence du travail professionnel de la femme sur son vieillissement ne peut s’interpréter qu’en fonction de conditions extérieures au travail lui-même. Il est apparu que le vieillissement différentiel entre les femmes qui travaillent et celles qui ne travaillent pas était, pour sa plus grande part, sous la dépendance du niveau économique. Pour les favorisées de ce point de vue, les avantages cumulés d’une aide extérieure, d’un travail choisi, peu fatigant physiquement et valorisé, font que le travail a un effet bénéfique, et que la satisfaction, la santé et le vieillissement sont, généralement, meilleurs pour les femmes qui travaillent. Pour les moins favorisées, il y a, au contraire, cumul de désavantages : pas ou peu d’aide extérieure, travail imposé, plus fatigant physiquement et moins bien rémunéré ; ces désavantages font que, pour ces femmes, le travail est cause d’une plus grande insatisfaction, d’une plus grande fatigue et, pour certaines, d’un vieillissement plus précoce.
Effectiveness of the use of open-ended questions in student evaluation of teaching in an engineering degree
Authors: Aznar-Mas Lourdes E. , Atarés Huerta Lorena , Marin-Garcia Juan Antonio 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The purpose of our research is to show the point of view of the members of the Board concerning advantages, disadvantages and effectiveness of open ended questions used as a complement to closed response questionnaires.Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, we will describe a pilot experience carried out at a Spanish public university where a short questionnaire with open ended questions was launched, and students were invited to comment on their perception of the teaching received.Findings: The response return rate (about 35%) was relatively high compared to other online closed response questionnaires delivered. Moreover, the students’ comments provided valuable information which made the members of the Board of the Engineering Degree chosen reflect. Their reflection was evidence based and led to initiatives and actions to improve the quality of teaching, as well as to get an extensive view of the Degree.Practical implications: Findings reveal that the information retrieved can also be used in multiple ways such as formative feedback or even for improvement of courses and instruction. Originality/value: Student evaluation of teaching is a powerful tool for continuous teaching improvement but the information provided by conventional closed response questionnaires may not be sufficient.
Assessment of the Choroidal Vascular Structure in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Icoz Mehmet , Arıkan Yorgun Mucella , Bayhan Gulsum Iclal , Gurturk Icoz Sule Gokcek , Yahsi Aysun 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the choroidal vascular structure in cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Methods:

This prospective study included 38 eyes of 19 patients with MIS-C and 60 eyes of 30 healthy participants. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed at 1 month after diagnosis in the MIS-C group. Using enhanced depth imaging OCT, choroidal thickness was measured in the subfoveal, nasal, and temporal quadrants at 500 and 1,500 µm distances from the fovea (SCT, N
500
CT, T
500
CT, N
1500
CT, and T
1500
CT, respectively). The luminal, stromal, and total choroidal areas were evaluated with the binarization method in ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health). The ratio of the luminal area to the total choroidal area was determined as the choroidal vascular index (CVI).

Results:

The age and sex distributions of the two groups without any ophthalmologic pathology were similar (
P
> .05). The choroidal thickness values in all quadrants except for T
1500
CT were similar between the two groups (
P
> .05). T
1500
CT was significantly lower in the MIS-C group (
P
= .02). The luminal choroidal area was 1.04 ± 0.10 mm
2
in the MIS-C group and 1.26 ± 0.24 mm
2
in the healthy control group (
P
< .001), and the CVI values were 0.52 ± 0.04 and 0.57 ± 0.09, respectively (
P
= .01). The stromal and total choroidal area values did not significantly differ between the two groups (
P
> .05).

Conclusions:
This is the first study to evaluate CVI in patients with MIS-C. It was observed that the choroidal vascular structure could be affected in the early period of MIS-C, as shown by a decrease in the CVI value and luminal vascular area. OCT can be used to monitor ocular vascular changes in these patients.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(2):120–126.]
Assessment of the Responses of the Artificial Intelligence–based Chatbot ChatGPT-4 to Frequently Asked Questions About Amblyopia and Childhood Myopia
Authors: Nikdel Mojgan , Ghadimi Hadi , Tavakoli Mehdi , Suh Donny W. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To assess the responses of the ChatGPT-4, the forerunner artificial intelligence–based chatbot, to frequently asked questions regarding two common pediatric ophthalmologic disorders, amblyopia and childhood myopia.

Methods:
Twenty-seven questions about amblyopia and 28 questions about childhood myopia were asked of the ChatGPT twice (totally 110 questions). The responses were evaluated by two pediatric ophthalmologists as acceptable, incomplete, or unacceptable.

Results:
There was remarkable agreement (96.4%) between the two pediatric ophthalmologists on their assessment of the responses. Acceptable responses were provided by the ChatGPT to 93 of 110 (84.6%) questions in total (44 of 54 [81.5%] for amblyopia and 49 of 56 [87.5%] questions for childhood myopia). Seven of 54 (12.9%) responses to questions on amblyopia were graded as incomplete compared to 4 of 56 (7.1%) of questions on childhood myopia. The ChatGPT gave inappropriate responses to three questions about amblyopia (5.6%) and childhood myopia (5.4%). The most noticeable inappropriate responses were related to the definition of reverse amblyopia and the threshold of refractive error for prescription of spectacles to children with myopia.

Conclusions:
The ChatGPT has the potential to serve as an adjunct informational tool for pediatric ophthalmology patients and their caregivers by demonstrating a relatively good performance in answering 84.6% of the most frequently asked questions about amblyopia and childhood myopia.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(2):86–89.]
Functional Vision of Pseudophakic Children Attending a Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinic in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Aremu Olanipekun Olalekan , Ugalahi Mary Ogbenyi , Olusanya Bolutife Ayokunnu , Oluleye Tunji S. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To determine the functional vision of pseudophakic children attending a child eye health tertiary facility in southwest Nigeria.

Methods:
A hospital-based descriptive study of pseudophakic children attending the Pediatric Ophthalmology outpatient clinic of a tertiary facility in southwest Nigeria was conducted between June and November 2021. Details of demography and clinical examination findings were obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire. Information about functional vision was obtained using the Pediatric Eye Questionnaire (PedEyeQ). Data obtained from the PedEyeQ were entered into a Rasch-calibrated PedEyeQ Excel response data sheet. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22 (SPSS, Inc).

Results:
A total of 196 pseudophakic children were recruited. Their ages ranged from 2 to 16 years with a mean of 9.8 ± 3.4 years and there was a male-to-female ratio of 2.2:1. The median functional vision score of pseudophakic children across all age groups was 90.0. The functional vision scores were associated with the laterality of cataract, type of cataract, presence of comorbidities, visual acuity (distance and near) in the better eye, and number of surgeries.

Conclusions:
The functional vision scores of pseudophakic children were low. Significant predictors of low functional vision scores include surgery for congenital cataract, low average family income, longer duration of time between surgery and recruitment into the study, and poorer best corrected visual acuity in the better eye. The routine assessment of functional vision should be considered an important aspect of pseudophakic children's eye care with a view toward optimizing psychological and social well-being.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(2):138–146.]
Epidemiology of Pediatric Uveitis in Argentina
Authors: LaMattina Kara C. , Frick Mercedes , López Matilde , Tártara Alejandra , Hurtado Erika , Schlaen Ariel , Couto Cristobal 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To explore the geographic variability of the epidemiology of pediatric uveitis, which, although rare in children, carries a significant risk of morbidity.

Methods:
This was a retrospective review conducted at two tertiary referral centers in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Demographic and clinical data of patients younger than 16 years diagnosed as having uveitis between January 1, 2006 and October 1, 2014 were collected.

Results:
A total of 257 patients (380 eyes) were included in the study. Cases tended to be unilateral (134, 52.1%), granulomatous (146, 56.8%), and localized to the posterior segment (121, 47.1%). Toxoplasmosis was the most common etiology (98, 38.1%).

Discussion:
The spectrum of pediatric uveitis in Buenos Aires most closely resembles that of Colombia. Understanding these geographic variations is important to aid providers who are caring for children in an increasingly globalized world.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(3):183–187.]
African Women, Colonial Justice and White Man’s Mercy
Authors: Gendry Thaïs , Hynd Stacey 
Published: October 2023

This article offers the first comparative analysis of the treatment of African women in British and French criminal law. Using evidence from 115 trial records involving female accused from French West Africa and Kenya, the Gold Coast and Nyasaland, it explores the processes through which ideas of race, status and public order intertwined with European and local African gender norms, both within courtrooms and political offices, to determine the outcome of murder cases involving female accused. The article investigates the development of a colonial “white man’s mercy”, analysing the cultural sensibilities and politico-legal reasoning which led to many African women receiving mercy and judicial leniency. It shows how intersections of racial and gendered stereotypes, many shared across French and British colonial cultures, often worked in favour of African murderesses through the operation of mercy processes. It further explores the treatment of “wicked women” who were only spared execution explicitly on grounds “of [their] sex” and often against the opinion of on-the-ground colonial judges. Finally, it interrogates those cases where women were executed, to highlight the limits of gender in determining sentencing.
Ellagic acid ameliorates renal fibrogenesis by blocking epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Huang Po-Yu , Hsieh Yi-Hsien , Ting Yi-Hsuan , Lee Chu-Che , Tsai Jen-Pi 
Published: October 2023

Objectives:
Ellagic acid (EA), a kind of polyphenol found in numerous fruits and vegetables, has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-fibrotic effects against a variety of diseases, but its role in mediating renal fibrogenesis remains unknown.

Materials and Methods:
We used an in vivo mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model and an in vitro model with HK-2 cell lines treated with EA and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). The expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins of UUO mice was examined using immunohistochemical staining. Liver function and renal function were evaluated using biochemical testing. Western blot analysis was used to determine the proteins related to EMT, and MTT assay was used to determine cell viability.

Results:
In UUO mice fed EA, both microscopical examination with immunohistochemical staining and western blotting protein analysis showed reduced expression of fibrotic (α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen I)- and EMT (vimentin and N-cadherin)-related proteins, compared with sham control. In HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1, EA decreased motility as well as expression of α-SMA, collagen-I, fibronectin, N-cadherin, and vimentin.

Conclusion:
EA reduced the progression of the morphological transformations and concomitantly suppressed the expression of fibrotic- and EMT-related proteins in vitro and in
vivo. These findings improved our understanding of the role of EA in suppressing renal fibrogenesis and demonstrated the promising role EA may play in the management of chronic kidney disease.
Bregman distance regularization for nonsmooth and nonconvex optimization
Authors: Mashreghi Zeinab , Nasri Mostafa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSolving a nonsmooth and nonconvex minimization problem can be approached as finding a zero of a set-valued operator. With this perspective, we propose a novel Majorizer–Minimizer technique to find a local minimizer of a nonsmooth and nonconvex function and establish its convergence. Our approach leverages Bregman distances to generalize the classical quadratic regularization. By doing so, we generate a family of regularized problems that encompasses quadratic regularization as a special case. To further demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, we apply it on a lasso regression model, showcasing its performance.
Status of livestock water quality and digestive upsets in Babati and Burunge areas, Northern Tanzania
Authors: Katonge Jackson H. 
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the quality of water used by ruminants and pseudo-ruminants in six communities living adjacent to two inland lakes in Manyara region, northern Tanzania. Water sampling included 20 samples from each village (n=120 for 6 villages) followed by laboratory analysis using ISO 5667 standard methods. 480 livestock were examined (n=80 for each village) for digestive upsets. Results for water quality were compared to those of WHO guidelines for livestock drinking water. Physical and chemical parameters for some areas were within acceptable limits except the levels of turbidity (10.88±11.97 NTU, 8.67±11.97 NTU), calcium (550.00±22.19 mg/L, 842.00±70.15 mg/L), chloride (1940±63.90 mg/L, 3380±135.65 mg/L), ammonium (5.94±0.42 mg/L, 6.79±0.58 mg/L), nitrate (113.62±10.64 mg/L, 71.16±12.92 mg/L, and hardness (1372.00±106.96 mg/L, 1280±75.27 mg/L) for Babati and Burunge areas respectively. Total coliform (3500 CFU, 2650 CFU) and Escherichia coli (167/100 ml, 192/100 ml) were counted for Babati and Burunge area respectively. Burunge area recorded higher cases of digestive upsets (53.8%) compared to Babati area (46.2%). There were no statistical differences in digestive upsets between the two Babati and Burunge areas (p=0.8246). A correlation analysis revealed a significant linear association between water quality measures and digestive upsets for diarrhoea (p= 0.001694, r > 0.5) and other factors (p= 0.000158, r > 0.5). In order to minimize livestock digestive upsets associated with poor water quality, communities in these areas should avoid excessive use of fertilizers that would increase nitrate levels, as well as prohibit anthropogenic activities taking place close to water sources.
Towards a low-cost sustainable broadband solution in rural areas of low and middle-income countries: Tanzania’s backhaul perspective
Authors: Kalula Sadiki R. , Dida Ally M. , Zaipuna Yonah O. 
Published: October 2023

Although broadband internet has proven to accelerate the fulfilment of the information and communication for development (ICT4D) agenda, connectivity issues persist in some regions of the world, particularly in rural areas of Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) which host 93% of the unconnected global population. Due to the lack of economic feasibility in these locations for service providers, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has been advocating for low-cost sustainable solutions in such areas. Among the challenging broadband infrastructure segment seems to be the backhaul (middle-mile) as rural areas are remotely located from the backbone end-points. With Tanzania exemplifying LMICs, this paper presents a Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) to compare the widely utilized backhaul (Microwave) and the promising Broadband over Power Line (BPL) towards achieving low-cost broadband solutions. To demonstrate technical viability in terms of capacity, Pathloss and MATLAB were utilized from which both technologies demonstrated the broadband-suitably capacity (161Mbps for Microwave and 168.99Mbs for BPL). From economic perspective, the Total Cost of Ownership (TCOs) for both technologies were determined using a Cost Model; BPL fared better as the cost of establishing one microwave link could have established almost 6 BPL links. Apart from adding to the body of knowledge on TEAs involving backhauls, this paper informs policymakers and other related stakeholders on the potential cost-benefit of BPL towards curbing the existing broadband connectivity gap.
Multivariate control chart for controlling variability – A comparative study
Authors: Das Nandini 
Published: October 2023

Control chart is an important technique for statistical process control. In most of the practical situations data are collected on more than one characteristic under study. Hence multivariate control chart has drawn the attention of quality control practitioners. For successful implementation of multivariate control chart, two different charts are to be constructed. One is for controlling mean and another is for controlling variance-covariance matrix or ∑ matrix. For effective implementation of control chart for mean, one need to establish that variability is under control. Hence control chart for controlling variance-covariance matrix is playing an important role in multivariate control chart. There are several control charts available in the literature which can be used for controlling ∑ matrix. In this article, we have discussed different such control charts and studied their performance with respect to their ability to detect the shift in the components of ∑ matrix. Out of control average run length (ARL) is considered as a measure for this purpose and the best method to detect the shift have been identified under different conditions.