bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NT‐proBNP Mediates the Association Between FGF23 and All‐Cause Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: van der Vaart Amarens , Bakker Stephan J. L. , Laverman Gozewijn D. , van Dijk Peter R. , de Borst Martin H. 
Published: November 2023

Background
FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23) is associated with a higher mortality risk in type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism is unclear. We aimed to study whether NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide) mediates the association between FGF23 and mortality.

Methods and Results

We analyzed C‐terminal FGF23 and NT‐proBNP levels in 399 patients with type 2 diabetes. Cox regression analyses were performed, followed by mediation analyses using Structural Equation Modeling. During follow‐up of 9.2 [7.6–11.3] years, 117 individuals died. FGF23 was associated with all‐cause mortality, independent of potential confounders (fully adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.32 [95% CI, 1.21–4.43],
P
=0.01). The association was lost upon further adjustment for NT‐proBNP (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 0.91–3.73). NT‐proBNP accounted for 26% of the mediation effect between FGF23 and all‐cause mortality.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that a higher FGF23 level is associated with increased mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes through an effect on volume homeostasis.
Le quasi-panpsychisme de Nishida Kitarō à la lumière de Gustav Theodor Fechner
Authors: Tremblay Jacynthe 
Published: November 2023

Résumé
Dans son livre Étude sur le bien (1911), Nishida s’inspira de William James, de Gustav Theodor Fechner et d’Ernst Mach pour développer son concept d’expérience pure. Or, il s’avère que ces trois scientifiques professaient ouvertement le panpsychisme, théorie selon laquelle les minéraux, les plantes et les animaux sont vivants et possèdent une nature psychique analogue à celle de l’être humain. Cet article s’attarde surtout aux relations entre Fechner et Nishida, de même qu’à leurs conséquences possibles sur le développement d’un panpsychisme explicite dans l’Étude sur le bien. Dans ses écrits subséquents, Nishida cessa d’accorder l’esprit aux minéraux et aux plantes. Par contraste, il maintint le panpsychisme dans le cas des animaux car, disait-il, l’esprit est la chose la plus répandue dans le règne du vivant. Nishida passa ainsi d’une conception panpsychiste du monde à une conception quasi-panpsychiste.
White Sugar and Dark Colonialism: Reflections on Girmitiyas and Coolies – Towards a new Paradigm of Reconciliation in Fiji
Authors: Ahluwalia Pal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The presence of Indians fundamentally altered the political, social and economic landscape of sugar producing nations. In most cases, race, which was used as an important signifier of difference by the colonising power, left these states with a colonial legacy of division and derision which they continue to endure and navigate in such diverse locations as the Caribbean, the West Indies, Fiji, Mauritius and parts of Africa. In the quest for recognition, equality and political status that allows the girmitiyas to celebrate their past, embrace their present and imagine a future where they are enmeshed in the fabric of a new Fiji entail understanding why the declaration of girmit day on May 15th is such a powerful symbolic gesture on the part of the new coalition government.
La communauté méditerranéenne comme utopie du dépassement de l’anthropocène ?
Authors: Quenot Sébastien 
Published: November 2023

Résumé
En tant que hotspot de la diversité culturelle et du réchauffement climatique, la Méditerranée apparait particulièrement exposée aux chocs provoqués par l’anthropocène. Sur cette île de la Méditerranée occidentale, l’analyse d’échantillons de discours relatifs à l’imaginaire corse et de mobilisations sociales et d’innovations juridiques relatives à l’écologie peut-elle nous informer quant à l’avènement d’une communauté méditerranéenne susceptible de transformer le rapport des Méditerranéens à la nature et aux vivants humains ou non-humains ? Ce travail s’appuie notamment sur les travaux d’Achille Mbembé, Philippe Descola et Bruno Latour.
Synergistic Effect of Warming in the Tropical Indian Ocean and North Tropical Atlantic on the Central-Pacific Type of La Niña Based on Observations and CMIP5
Authors: Yang Guang , Zhao Xia , Yuan Dongliang , Zhang Yazhou , Liu Lin , Peng Shiqiu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that boreal winter-to-spring sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) over the tropical Atlantic or Indian Ocean can trigger the central-Pacific (CP) type of ENSO in the following winter due to winds over the western Pacific. Here, with the aid of observational data and CMIP5 model simulations, we demonstrate that the ability of the winter-to-spring north tropical Atlantic (NTA) SSTA or Indian Ocean Basin (IOB) mode to initiate CP ENSO events in the following winter may strongly depend on each other. Most warming events of the IOB and NTA, which are followed by CP La Niña events, are concomitant. The synergistic effect of the IOB and NTA SSTA may produce greater CP ENSO events in the subsequent winter via Walker circulation adjustments. The impacts between warming and cooling events of the IOB and NTA SSTA are asymmetric. IOB and NTA warmings appear to contribute to the subsequent CP La Niña development, which is much greater than IOB and NTA cooling contributing to CP El Niño. Overall, a combination of the IOB and NTA SSTA precursors may improve predictions of La Niña events.

Significance Statement
Although boreal winter-to-spring sea surface temperature anomalies over the tropical Atlantic or Indian Ocean can trigger central-Pacific (CP) ENSO in the following winter, it is not yet clear whether the effects of these two basins are independent. The purpose of this study is to better understand the joint effect of these two basins on CP ENSO events. We demonstrate that the ability of the north tropical Atlantic (NTA) SSTA to initiate CP ENSO events in the following winter may strongly depend on the state of the Indian Ocean Basin mode (IOB). The synergistic impact of these two basins may produce stronger CP ENSO events. These results highlight the role of three-ocean interactions in ENSO diversity and prediction.
Standardization of Videorecorded Speech Samples for Children with Cleft Palate: Methods to Facilitate High-Quality Speech Outcomes Data Collection
Authors: Baylis Adriane L. , Cummings Caitlin E. , Lien Kari M. , Sitzman Thomas J. , Kirschner Richard E. , Chapman Kathy L. ,   on Behalf of the CORNet and VPI-OPS Consortiums and Americleft Speech Group
Published: November 2023

Background Collection of high-quality videorecorded speech samples is essential for speech outcomes research. Solution Cleft palate team SLPs were trained to collect standard videorecorded speech samples in the clinic setting across 20 sites in North America. Standard training and equipment was provided. What We Did That is New Quality management procedures were developed and utilized to verify video quality and protocol adherence. Over 97% of speech samples collected by trained SLPs met defined quality standards.
Use of chalazion clamp for excision of the eyelid margin lesion
Authors: He Jinjing , Jiang Jin , Bao Lulu , Gong Jingwen 
Published: November 2023

Purpose Reconstruction after eyelid lesion excision is very important. It calls for preserving normal eyelid function for the protection of the eye and restoring good cosmesis. It is important to precisely align the tarsal plate. However, the unique anatomy of eyelids often makes haemostasis difficult and surgical field obscured. We report an effective method to solve this problem. Method This retrospective study included 25 patients who underwent eyelid margin lesion excision using the chalazion clamp between March 2020 and October 2021. The chalazion clamp is placed on the desired location and tightened, providing a bloodless field for eyelid lesion removal. Without bleeding, visibility of the cut edges is improved considerably. It facilitates anatomical anastomosis of the tarsal plate. Results All 25 patients maintained normal eyelid function and good cosmesis, with no recurrence during the follow-up period. Conclusion The use of the chalazion clamp during excision of the eyelid margin lesion could stabilize the eyelid, protect the eyeball from accidental injury and, and provide a clear bloodless operative field. It can ensure the neatness of the cut edges and offer better incision alignment for suture. It also avoids wasting too much time on haemostasis, without additional expensive equipment.
Social motor synchrony in autism spectrum conditions: A systematic review
Authors: Glass Devyn , Yuill Nicola 
Published: November 2023

Some researchers suggest difficulties synchronising with a partner could underpin the social differences associated with Autism Spectrum Condition, potentially acting as a marker for autism. Social Motor Synchrony (SMS) is one aspect of synchrony that could augment observational diagnostic procedures. However, the full breadth of literature examining SMS in autism has not been systematically reviewed. A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines yielded 29 papers meeting inclusion criteria. Of 21 studies including a comparison group, all indicated weaker SMS between two autistic partners and in mixed-neurotype partnerships compared with two non-autistic partners. Papers involving mixed-neurotype pairs without a comparison group showed higher than chance SMS and demonstrated an increase in SMS over time following rhythm-based interventions. Although research so far demonstrates weaker SMS in pairs involving an autistic partner compared with non-autistic pairs, we identified several limitations which may have influenced SMS in autistic people and their partners. Further work is needed with autistic partnerships, more natural and preferred tasks within comfortable settings and partnerships, and more work to identify the basis of synchrony differences. We set out implications for design of further research. Lay abstract When two people interact, they often fall into sync with one another by moving their bodies at the same time. Some say autistic people are not as good as non-autistic people at moving at the same time as a partner. This has led some researchers to ask whether measuring synchrony might help diagnose autism. We reviewed the research so far to look at differences in Social Motor Synchrony (SMS) (the way we move together) between autistic people and people they interact with. The research suggests that interactions involving an autistic partner (either two autistic partners, or an autistic and non-autistic partner) show lower synchrony than a non-autistic pair. However, we recognised elements in the research so far that may have affected SMS in interactions involving an autistic person. One way SMS may have been affected in research so far might be the way interactions have been set up in the research studies. Few papers studied interactions between two autistic people or looked at synchrony in comfortable environments with autistic-preferred tasks. The studies also do not explain why synchrony might be different, or weaker, in pairs involving autistic partners. We use these limitations to suggest improvements for future research.
Establishing Confidence Intervals for Normal Radiographic Intracarpal Alignment Throughout the Arc of Wrist Motion: A Cadaveric Pilot Study
Authors: Renfree Sean P. , Zhang Nan , Renfree Kevin J. 
Published: November 2023

Background: High-quality lateral radiographs with the wrist in neutral (0°) or near neutral (less than 15° flexion or extension) are felt to be important for diagnosing carpal instability using intracarpal angular measurements, but may be unavailable. In addition, radiolunate (RLA) and capitolunate (CLA) measurement angles for defining carpal instability have poor validation. We sought to establish 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for predicted RLA and CLA throughout the arc of wrist motion in normal cadaveric wrists. Methods: Fresh frozen cadaveric upper extremities were secured in a limb positioner. Scaphopisocapitate lateral radiographs were obtained throughout the arc of motion and RLA and CLA, and wrist flexion or extension angles (WA) were measured by a board-certified hand surgeon. Scatter plots of variables were constructed, and correlation coefficients calculated for areas under the curves. Regression equations for predicted RLA and CLA based on WA were developed. Results: Both RLA and CLA correlated strongly with WA for each measurement in both flexion and extension ( r = 0.7-0.8). Linear regression modeling demonstrated a good relationship between RLA ( R2 = 84%) and CLA ( R2 = 80%) with WA. Regression equations were constructed to give predicted values for RLA and CLA based on WA and 95% prediction CI. Conclusions: If RLA and CLA exceed 20° with neutral (0°) wrist alignment, it likely represents pathologic carpal alignment. Presented tables demonstrate 95% CI of RLA and CLA throughout the arc of wrist flexion/extension. Values outside of the 95% CI are also likely to indicate pathologic carpal alignment.
Management of low back pain accompanying sagittal plane pathologies in children: Spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis and Scheuermann’s disease
Authors: Cetik Riza Mert , Latalski Michał , Yazici Muharrem 
Published: November 2023

Background: Low back pain in childhood was underappreciated for a long time, but recent studies report higher prevalences, up to 70%. Two of the common causes are spondylolyis/spondylolisthesis and Scheuermann’s disease. These disorders are relevant in a way they both cause significant back pain, and may disrupt the sagittal spinal balance. Purpose: To present the current evidence on the diagnosis, natural history and treatment of these disorders with a special focus on sagittal spinal alignment. Methods: This study is conducted as a literature review. Results and Conclusions: Spondylolysis and low-grade spondylolisthesis have a benign course and are typically treated conservatively. When pars repair is indicated, pedicle screw-based techniques achieve more than 90% fusion with acceptable complication rates. High-grade spondylolisthesis, however, is frequently progressive. Surgical treatment involves fusion, which can be done in situ or after reduction. Reduction is useful for “unbalanced” patients to acquire sagittal spinopelvic balance, and it is important to distinguish these patients. Despite lowering the risk for pseudoarthrosis, reduction brings a risk for neurologic complications. With re-operation rates as high as 40%, these patients definitely require careful preoperative planning. Scheuermann’s disease generally causes back pain in addition to cosmetic discomfort during adolescence. If the kyphosis is lower than 60°, symptoms typically resolve into adulthood with conservative measures only. However, it must be kept in mind that these patients may experience problems with physical performance and have a lower quality of life even when the problem seems to have “resolved”. Severe kyphosis and intractable back pain are the most frequently referred surgical indications, and surgery typically involves fusion. Proper utilization of osteotomies and proper selection of the upper and lower fusion levels are of utmost importance to prevent complications in these patients.
Low-dose decitabine for previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for intensive chemotherapy aged 65 years or older: a prospective study based on comprehensive geriatric assessment
Authors: Feng Ru , Zhang Shuai , Li Jiang-Tao , Wang Ting , Zhang Chun-Li , Bai Jie-Fei , Yang Lei , Wang Li-Ru , Jing Hong-Mei , Liu Hui 
Published: November 2023

Background: The outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) aged ⩾65 years is poor. Effective treatment options are limited for patients with AML who cannot tolerate intensive chemotherapy. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose decitabine in previously untreated patients with AML aged ⩾65 years who were ineligible for intensive chemotherapy based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Design: We performed a prospective, multicenter, open-label, and non-randomized study. Methods: Patients were enrolled at four centers in Beijing between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2020. They were treated with decitabine at a dose of 6 mg/m2 for 10 days. The treatment was repeated every 28 days for one cycle for a total of six cycles. The primary endpoint of our study was overall survival (OS) at the end of the first year after enrolment. The secondary endpoints included overall response rate, leukemia-free survival, relapse rate, treatment-related mortality (TRM), quality of life, safety, and transfusion dependence. Patients were continuously monitored for toxicity. Results: Overall, 47 patients (30 males and 17 females) participated in this study. The median age of the enrolled patients was 78 (range, 65−90) years. The median follow-up time was 22.2 (range, 4.6−38.8) months. Fifteen (31.9%) patients achieved complete remission (CR), 11 (23.4%) patients achieved partial remission, 3 (6.4%) patients achieved hematological improvement only, and 18 (38.3%) patients did not achieve remission. The median time to obtain CR was 2 months. The median CR was 8.5 months. Of the patients, 36 (76.6%) patients completed six cycles of treatment with low-dose decitabine, and the 1-year OS was 36.1%. According to instrumental activities of daily living scales, age, comorbidities, and albumin (IACA) scores, the median survival was 11.2 months in the unfit group and 6 months in the frail group. The 1-year OS rates in the unfit and frail groups were 49.2% and 23.4%, respectively. Grade ⩾3 non-hematological toxicity was observed in 70.2% (33/47) of the patients. TRM occurred in three patients. No early deaths occurred after treatment. Conclusion: In newly diagnosed older patients with AML whose IACA assessment was unfit or frail for standard chemotherapy, treatment with low-dose decitabine demonstrated clinical activity and good security in our study.
Clinical Outcomes of Adolescents With Anterior Shoulder Instability and Glenolabral Articular Disruption Lesions Compared With Isolated Bankart Lesions
Authors: Orner Caitlin A. , Bastrom Tracey P. , Pennock Andrew T. , Edmonds Eric W. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Glenolabral articular disruption (GLAD) lesions may occur in adolescents with anterior shoulder instability, resulting in articular cartilage loss and reduced functional glenoid surface area. Purpose/Hypothesis: To compare failure rates and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) between adolescents with versus without GLAD lesions who were treated for anterior shoulder instability with arthroscopic stabilization. It was hypothesized that the comparison would yield no significant differences. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients aged ≤18 years who were treated for anterior shoulder instability with arthroscopic stabilization between 2010 and 2021 were retrospectively identified. Those patients with a GLAD lesion identified at the time of surgery were compared with patients with >2 years of retrospective follow-up who were matched to the no-GLAD cohort according to pathology and management. Demographic and patient characteristics including recurrent instability, complications, and reoperations were recorded. All patients in the GLAD cohort were contacted to obtain PRO data, including the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation; the shortened version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire; and the Pediatric Adolescent Shoulder Survey. Patients were also asked about recurrent instability and additional shoulder problems. Results: Of 35 included patients (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.6 years; 80% male), 15 patients (43%) with GLAD lesions and 26 patients without GLAD lesions were identified. Both cohorts had similar patient characteristics, number of anchors, and anchor constructs; the mean follow-up period was significantly different (GLAD vs no-GLAD, 6.9 ± 3.3 vs 3.4 ± 1.2 years, respectively; P < .001). Seven of 15 GLAD patients (46.7%) underwent loose body removal; 4 of 15 GLAD patients (26.6%) and 9 of 26 no-GLAD patients (34.6%) had recurrent subjective instability ( P = .7). No significant group differences were found in PRO scores, reoperation rates (15% no-GLAD vs 20% GLAD), or percentage of patients with recurrent instability between cohorts ( P > .05). Conclusion: Adolescent patients with and without GLAD lesions treated arthroscopically for anterior shoulder instability had similar PROs and failure rates at intermediate duration of follow-up. GLAD lesions may be managed in a similar surgical manner as isolated Bankart tears in teenagers, with expectations of similar outcomes.
Greater medial proximal tibial slope is associated with bone marrow lesions in middle-aged women with early knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Ishibashi Hikaru K. , Sasaki Eiji , Ishibashi Kyota , Chiba Daisuke , Tsushima Takahiro , Kimura Yuka , Kumagai Gentaro , Tsuda Eiichi , Sawada Kaori , Mikami Tatsuya , Ishibashi Yasuyuki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Bone marrow lesion (BML) is an important magnetic resonance finding (MRI) finding that predicts knee osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of proximal tibial morphology on BML, including the spreading root sign (SRS), in women without radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). It was hypothesized that varus alignment and a greater posterior tibial slopes (PTS) are associated with BML.

Materials and methods
A total of 359 female volunteers without knee OA who were participants in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project in 2017 or 2019 were enrolled. Participants were divided into the non-OA and early knee OA (EKOA) groups based on the Luyten’s classification criteria. The presence of pathological cartilage lesions, BMLs, attritions, meniscal lesions and effusions was scored on T2-weighted fat-suppressed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to the Whole-Organ MRI Scoring system. The medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and medial and lateral PTS (MPTS and LPTS, respectively) were measured. Regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to reveal the relationship between BMLs and proximal tibial morphological parameters.

Results
Of the 359 participants, 54 (15%) were classified as having EKOA. The prevalence of cartilage lesions, BMLs, attritions, meniscal lesions and effusions was higher in the EKOA group than in the non-OA group. The two groups had no significant difference in the proximal tibial parameters. Regression analysis revealed that age and a smaller MPTA were associated with BML in both groups. Attrition (p = 0.029) and the MPTS (p = 0.025) were positively associated with BML in the EKOA group.

Conclusion
The prevalence of BMLs was higher in women with EKOA and correlated with the varus and greater posterior slopes in those without radiographic knee OA.

Level of evidence

Level III, retrospective case–control study.