bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of modern approaches to assessing reliability in construction
Authors: Lebedeva I. V. , Petrova T. A. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The study considers modern strategies for ensuring the reliability of building structures in Russian and foreign regulations, including probabilistic, risk-informed and semi-probabilistic criteria of reliability assessment, at all stages of the life cycle of the structure. The advantages and disadvantages of prescriptive and parametric approaches are analyzed and ways of their further improvement are suggested.Aim. To clarify the terminology of parametric regulation in construction, to analyze the existing differences in its interpretation, and to develop an innovative strategy for further development of Russian regulation based on a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign approaches to reliability assessment.Materials and methods. The methodology involved studying the structure of Russian and foreign regulatory documents in the field of reliability and performing their comparative analysis. The study considered the main approaches to technical regulation in the construction industry.Results. The analysis outlined the criteria underlying the fastest introduction of innovations and ensuring the safety of technical solutions. The study demonstrated the difference between the meaning of the term “parametric regulation” in Russian strategy and its foreign interpretation. The regulation standards of the Russian Federation are based mainly on a semi-probabilistic approach and specification of partial reliability factors, i.e. individual parameters of strength and loads, while in the foreign standards, notably in ISO 2394:2016 and Eurocodes, the emphasis is shifted to qualitative and probabilistic criteria for assessing reliability. However, all social, economic and performance criteria should be observed only after all requirements for the reliability and safety of people have been met. Thus, both Russian and foreign approaches to regulation demonstrate no fundamental contradictions. The approaches are gradually moving towards convergence while maintaining continuity in the development of the regulatory framework.Conclusions. The principles of ensuring the reliability of the designed buildings and structures in Russian, international and foreign regulation standards are quite close and are based on the limit state method with a reasonable combination of mandatory and recommended parameters. The main criterion consists in ensuring the safety of human life. Under contemporary conditions, traditional semi-probabilistic approaches to regulation should be accompanied by mechanisms for rapid introduction of innovations and new technologies in construction. In terms of reliability, these mechanisms involve additional probabilistic reliability criteria and risk assessment methods. The reliability criteria will contribute in choosing the optimal design and technological solutions for the construction of unique buildings and structures, higher criticality structures, as well as in assessing existing structures during their life cycle.
Assessment of compatibility of metal fire-proof compositions with primer coatings to maximize effectiveness of flame retardants
Authors: Krivtsov Yu. V. , Ladygina I. R. , Komarova M. A. , Khaydarov A. U. , Eremina G. P. , Groshev Yu. M. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The present paper considers the issues of work planning for fire protection of steel structures, including the correct selection of primer coating in order to avoid potential problems, to save time and budget, as well as to ensure long-term durability of the structures due to the applied fire protection coating. The compatibility of materials appears to be essential when creating projects and coating technology to maximize the effectiveness of fire-proof materials.Aim. To establish the relevant requirements for the scope and sequence of work in assessing the compatibility of fire-proof compositions with the applied primer of steel structures.Materials and methods. The compatibility of flame retardants with primers was assessed using certified and verified laboratory equipment. The paper describes a modern laboratory facility for testing.Results. The results of testing compatibility of flame retardants with primers are presented. The coating system should be evaluated for the defects, its criticality in the subsequent operation, the degree of coating interlayer adhesion, and the ability of the coating to resist adverse environmental effects. Following the obtained information, recommendations are given on the compatibility of certain coating materials.Conclusion. The study demonstrated the significance of material compatibility when creating projects and coating application technology to ensure maximum effectiveness of flame retardants and to tackle the crucial task — providing long-term fire resistance of structures.
9-17 Yaşındaki Çocukların Adalet Değerine Yüklediği Anlamların Metaforlar Aracılığıyla Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: COŞKUN KESKİN Sevgi , İÇÖZ ARSLAN Elif 
Published: October 2023

Müşterek hayat bireye birçok görev ve sorumluluklar yüklemektedir. Zira hayatımıza müdahil olan paydaşlarımızla bir düzen içinde yaşamak belli başlı normlarla mümkündür. Bu bağlamda değerler, toplumsal düzenin sağlanmasında, insani ilişkilerin düzenlenmesinde, dışsal ahlaki normların içselleştirilmesinde bir ölçek vazifesi görür. Değerler, özellikle sosyal hayatın içerisinde her ne olursa olsun dikkate alınmak durumundadır. Bu bağlamda ülkemizde 2005 yılı itibariyle Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı ilköğretim ve ortaöğretim müfredatını Değerler Eğitimi felsefesi çerçevesinde planlamaya başlamış, 18 Temmuz 2017 tarihinde yaptığı basın açıklamasında müfredatta temel alınan on kök değeri sunmuştur. Buna göre müfredatta temel alınan kök değerler şu şekildedir; adalet, dostluk, dürüstlük, öz denetim, sabır, saygı, sevgi, sorumluluk, vatanseverlik, yardımseverliktir.
Çalışmada değerler eğitimi müfredatının temel aldığı kök değerlerden biri olan öte yandan ahlak felsefesinde pek çok değerin öncülü mahiyetindeki adalet değeri ele alınmıştır. Şöyle ki, adaletin olduğu her yerde huzur, güven, mutluluk, özgürlük tecelli eder. Bu denli önemli olan ve ideal toplumun temelini oluşturan bir değerin, bireylerdeki algısını ortaya koymak da oldukça elzemdir. Bu nedenle çalışmada, geleceğin mimarı olan çocukların adalet değerini nasıl algıladığı ve onların adalet değerine yükledikleri doğru ve yanlış anlamları mecaz yoluyla, temel nitel araştırma deseni kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Merriam’a (2013) göre nitel çalışmalarla; “bireyin gerçeği, sosyal dünyalarıyla etkileşim içerisinde olarak nasıl inşa ettiği üzerine yoğunlaşılır”. Bu çalışmada ise bireyin kendi yaşamında adalet değerini ve duygusunu nasıl anlamlandırdığı mecazlar yoluyla betimlenmiştir. Bu amaçla maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi kullanılarak, 9 ve 17 yaş aralığındaki ve Türkiye’nin farklı yedi bölgesinden toplam 525 öğrenciye ulaşılmıştır. Bu bağlamda adalet değerinin neye/kime, niçin benzediği sorulmuş ve alınan cevaplar “niçin” sorusu dikkate alınarak gerekçeli kodlama yapılmış ve temalandırmalar yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan 525 öğrencinin % 35 ini adalet değerini TDK’ da (2005) verilen anlamı bağlamında doğru temel anlamı ile betimlemişlerdir. Adaletin temel anlamını vurgulayan öğrencilerin % 17.5 i “hakkaniyetli olma” ya vurgu yapmış, 525 öğrencinin % 22 si adalet değerine yanlış anlam yükleyerek kavram yanılgılarını sergilemişlerdir. Kavram yanılgısına sahip öğrencilerin % 20’si adaleti eşitlik ile karıştırmışlardır. Öte yandan mecazlarda adaletin kaynağı, uygulayıcıları, sonucu, sembolleri, timsalleri üzerinde de durulmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra öğrenci yaşlarının büyüdükçe, adaleti “sitemli ifadelerle” anlatmaya çalıştıkları fark edilmiş, yaş arttıkça öğrencilerde adaletin yanlış anlamı olan “eşitlik” ten, doğru anlamı olan “hakkaniyetli olma” ya doğru bir yönelme olduğu görülmüştür.
Estimations of Elemental Abundances during Solar Flares Observed in Soft X-Rays by the MinXSS-1 CubeSat Mission
Authors: Suarez Crisel , Moore Christopher S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Solar flares are complex phenomena emitting all types of electromagnetic radiation and accelerating particles on timescales of minutes, converting magnetic energy to thermal, radiative, and kinetic energy through magnetic reconnections. As a result, local plasma can be heated to temperatures in excess of 20 MK. During the soft X-ray (SXR) solar flare peak, the elemental abundance of low first ionization potential elements are typically observed to be depleted from coronal values. We explored the abundance variations using disk-integrated solar spectra from the Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat-1 (MinXSS-1). MinXSS-1 is sensitive to the 1–12 keV energy range with an effective 0.25 keV FWHM resolution at 5.9 keV. During the year-long mission of MinXSS-1, between 2016 May and 2017 May, 21 flares with intermittent data downlinks were observed ranging from C to M class. We examine the time evolution of temperature, volume emission measure, and elemental abundances of Fe, Ca, Si, S, and Ar with CHIANTI spectral models near the peak SXR emission times observed in the MinXSS-1 data. We determined the average absolute abundance of A(Fe) = 7.81, A(Ca) = 6.84, A(S) = 7.28, A(Si) = 7.90, and A(Ar) = 6.56. These abundances are depleted from coronal values during the SXR peak compared to nonflaring times. The elemental abundance values that are depleted from their coronal values are consistent with the process of chromospheric evaporation, in which the lower atmospheric plasma fills the coronal loops.
Quasi-thermal Noise Spectroscopy Analysis of Parker Solar Probe Data: Improved Electron Density Model for Solar Wind
Authors: Kruparova Oksana , Krupar Vratislav , Szabo Adam , Pulupa Marc , Bale Stuart D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of electron density measurements in the solar wind using quasi-thermal noise (QTN) spectroscopy applied to data from the first 15 encounters of the Parker Solar Probe mission (2018 November–2023 March). Our methodology involves the identification of the plasma line frequency and the calculation of plasma density based on in situ measurements. By analyzing over 2.1 million data points, we derive a power-law model for electron density as a function of radial distance from the Sun in the range of 13 to 50 R
☉: n
e(r) = (343,466 ± 19921) × r
(−1.87±0.11). This model provides improved estimates for localizing interplanetary solar radio bursts. Moreover, obtained electron densities can be used for calibrating particle instruments on board the Parker Solar Probe. We discuss its limitations and potential for further refinement with additional Parker Solar Probe encounters.
A Gigantic Mid-infrared Outburst in an Embedded Class I Young Stellar Object J064722.95+031644.6
Authors: Wang Tinggui , Li Jiaxun , Mace Gregory N. , Ji Tuo , Jiang Ning , Zhu Qingfeng , Fang Min 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We report the serendipitous discovery of a giant mid-infrared outburst from a previously unknown source near a star-forming region in the constellation Monoceros. The source gradually brightened by a factor of 5 from 2014–2016 before an abrupt rise by a factor of more than 100 in 2017. A total amplitude increase of >500 at 4.5 μm has since faded by a factor of about 10. Prior to the outburst, it was only detected at wavelengths longer than 1.8 μm in UKIDSS, Spitzer, and Herschel with a spectral energy distribution of a Class I young stellar object (YSO). It has not been detected in recent optical surveys, suggesting that it is deeply embedded. With a minimum distance of 3.5 kpc, the source has a bolometric luminosity of at least 9 L
☉ in the quiescent state and 400 L
☉ at the peak of the eruption. The maximum accretion rate is estimated to be at least a few 10−5
M
☉ yr−1. It shares several common properties with another eruptive event, WISE J142238.82-611553.7: exceptionally large amplitude, featureless near-infrared spectrum with the exception of H2 lines, intermediate eruption duration, an embedded Class I YSO, and a low radiative temperature (<600–700 K) in outburst. We interpret that the radiation from the inner accretion disk and young star is obscured and reprocessed by either an inflated outer disk or thick dusty outflow on scales >6.5 au during the outburst.
The diversity of macromycetes in peatlands: nine years of plot-based monitoring and barcoding in the raised bog "Mukhrino", West Siberia
Authors: Filippova Nina , Zvyagina Elena , Rudykina Elena , Dobrynina Alevtina , Bolshakov Sergey 
Published: October 2023

Peatland ecosystems are defined by soils with sufficient under-decomposed organic layer, called peat, formed under anoxic conditions. Peatlands are widespread around the world, with several highly paludified regions, one of which is the Western Siberian Plain. Peatlands store large amounts of carbon and are important in their intact state to counteract climate change, as well as for a variety of other ecosystem functions. From the practical aspect, these ecosystems are used as a source of peat for fuel, peat-based fertilisers and growing media, berries and Sphagnum plantations. Fungi are the key part of the decomposer community of peatlands, playing a critical role in the aerobic decomposition in the upper peat layer. The community of peatland fungi is adapted to decomposition of peat and dead parts of Sphagnum in wet acidic conditions; they form specific mycorrhizal associations with a variety of plants. Thus, the research of fungal diversity of peatlands is important for several reasons: 1) adding knowledge of peatland fungal diversity to local or global biodiversity databases; 2) studying carbon cycling in peatlands; 3) using peat and peatlands for different applications, such as cultivation of Sphagnum with regards to some parasitic species of fungi and 4) peatland restoration and conservation, to mention a few.
The community of macromycetes of the raised bog “Mukhrino” in Western Siberia was studied using plot-based monitoring throughout a 9-year observation period. The revealed species diversity is represented by approximately 500 specimens in the Fungarium of Yugra State University collection. Selected specimens were used for barcoding of the ITS region to reveal a total of 95 species from 33 genera and three classes. The barcoding effort confirmed morphological identifications for most specimens and identified a number of cryptic species and several potentially new taxa. Based on regular all-season observations, we describe the phenology of the community sporophore production. The quantitative community structure, based on sporophores, revealed a difference in abundance between species by four orders of magnitude, with rare species representing nearly half of the species list. The inter-annual fruiting abundance varied several times by the total number of sporophores per year. To make the comparisons with global studies, we created an open access database of literature-based observations of fungi in peatlands, based on about 120 published papers (comprising about 1300 species) and compared our species list with this database.
As a result, the study created an accurate representation of taxonomic and quantitative structure of the community of macromycetes in raised bogs in the region. The raw data of plot-based counts was published as a sampling-event dataset and the sequenced specimens with the sequence information as an DNA-derived extension dataset in GBIF.
Recherches sur programmes : enjeux scientifiques intra- et interdisciplinaires en géographie de l’environnement
Authors: Cossart Étienne 
Published: October 2023

Une conséquence déjà bien documentée de la recherche sur programmes est celle de la prise en compte accrue des « intérêts de la société » dans les questions de recherche (Gibbons et al. , 1994 ; Hubert et al. , 2011). Dans le champ thématique de l’environnement, cette conséquence revêt la forme d’une injonction au développement de stratégies de remédiation, dans le contexte des changements environnementaux contemporains et à venir. Pour y parvenir malgré la complexité des questions environnementales, l’interdisciplinarité est largement promue (Leblanc et al. , 2019) et constitue souvent un critère d’éligibilité explicite dans les appels à projets. Sur la base d’un corpus de programmes, nous identifions les relations scientifiques interdisciplinaires qui mobilisent la géographie. Une typologie en trois principales catégories est proposée et nous présentons les objectifs qu’elles visent. Toutefois, nous montrons également que cette injonction à l’interdisciplinarité peut entraver les collaborations intradisciplinaires entre ( i ) les géographes qui peuvent être tourné.e.s vers les « humanités environnementales », dont les pratiques mobilisent les cadres et méthodes des sciences sociales, et ( ii ) celles et ceux tourné.e.s vers les « géosciences », dont les pratiques s’inscrivent dans les sciences expérimentales. Chaque champ intradisciplinaire à la géographie peut ainsi être renvoyé à ses propres cadres de pensées habituels, pouvant ralentir les efforts mis en œuvre pour réunir l’ensemble de la communauté des géographes travaillant sur les questions environnementales.
The Relationship between Production and Cognitive Processing of Liaison
Authors: Celata Chiara , Isel Frédéric 
Published: October 2023

Cet article passe en revue l’état de l’art du traitement cognitif de la liaison française dans les domaines de la production et de la perception. Les études de corpus au cours des dernières décennies ont montré l’extrême variabilité du phénomène ; les données psycholinguistiques ont révélé que les locuteurs compensent le défaut d'alignement entre signal et entrée lexicale grâce aux informations ascendantes dites encore « de bas en haut » ou bottom-up (acoustiques, phonotactiques) et descendantes dites encore « de haut en bas » ou top-down (contexte phrastique). Nous esquissons un plan de recherche future en neuro-cognition qui viserait à comprendre la façon dont les locuteurs traitent différents types de liaisons en contexte.
Estudio y clasificación tipológica-decorativa de las trullae elaboradas en terra sigillata hispánica
Authors: Sáenz Preciado J. Carlos , Sáenz Preciado M.ª Pilar 
Published: October 2023

Dentro del repertorio de la vajilla hispánica elaborada en terra sigillata, encontramos una serie de formas que apenas han sido estudiadas, entre ellas la trulla, o forma Hisp. 81, caracterizada por su mango decorado, si bien también se fabricaron lisos. A lo largo de este artículo, expondremos una nueva tipología de clasificación. También procederemos a interpretar sus decoraciones y funcionalidad que está muy relacionada con las ceremonias y festividades religiosas, así como con la comissatio .
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain among the Clinical Students of the College of Health Sciences in Bayero University Kano
Authors: Shittu Aisha , Sumaila Farida Garba , Dahiru Hassana Ibrahim , Abdulrashid Idris 
Published: October 2023

Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is a common disorder that is identified to be the major cause of disability, affecting performance at work and general well-being. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among clinical students of the College of Health Sciences at Bayero University Kano.
Method and Materials: A total of 191 clinical students were recruited in this study, the subjects were drawn from the College of Health Sciences at Bayero University Kano. A self-administered questionnaire was administered after which the physical characteristics of the participants were measured and recorded. Data collected was summarized using descriptive statistics and analyzed using inferential statistics of chi-square to test the association between the risk factor variables and low back pain.
Results: The study determined the 12months prevalence, 1month prevalence, 7days prevalence, and point prevalence to be 44.4%, 28.9%, 22.5% and 48.1% respectively among the clinical students and a significant association (p< 0.05) was found between Low back pain, age and course of study.
Conclusion: Low back pain appears to be a common problem among college students. Therefore, the students should be aware of the risk factors, appropriate preventive measures and treatment of low back pain to reduce the risks of getting it.
Health Care Providers' Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Handover of Critically Ill Patients in Intensive Care Units in the Western Region of Kenya
Authors: Odhiambo Judith Seka , Ochanda Damaris A. , Okoth John M. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Handover involves the transfer of health care providers' responsibility and accountability for some or all aspects of care for a patient, or groups of patients, to another clinician or nurse on a temporary or permanent basis with communication being a major factor for the transfers. Effective handover is essential for safe health care and should used in all clinical situations. In Western Kenya, there is little evidence of studies carried out on the effective handover of critically ill patients in ICUs.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional mixed method was adopted and administered to the selected study participants from the selected hospitals using a self-administered questionnaire and KII tool. The purposive sampling method was used to select the institutions while convenient sampling was used to pick 80 study participants. Quantitative data was collected by use of questionnaires and observation checklist while qualitative data was collected through key informant interviews and analysis was done thematically.
Findings: Health Care Provider variables including gender, age group, cadre, level of education and years of experience in working in the ICU showed no statistically significant association with the handover of critically ill patients. The mean age of the study participants was 34 years. In addition, the handover performance of Health care providers (p=0.3) and those with higher diploma qualifications (p=0.2) was up to 11.8 and 18 times more likely to be effective in clinical handover.
Recommendation/Conclusion: While the identified health care provider factors have no statistical significance to clinical handing over, having a higher diploma, being a nurse, having less than or equal to seven years of working experience and receiving formal training on clinical handover have been shown by this study to be beneficial for clinical handover. The study recommends further investigation into these factors through rigorous studies involving a larger sample size. The lack of formal standardized guidelines for clinical handover and training calls for the urgent need to establish standard guidelines and processes that can support clinical handover.