bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parabolic dielectric reflector for extreme on-chip spot-size conversion with broad bandwidth
Authors: Moreno-Pozas Laureano , Barona-Ruiz Miguel , Halir Robert , de-Oliva-Rubio José , Rivas-Fernández Jorge , Molina-Fernández Iñigo , Gonzalo Wangüemert-Pérez J. , Ortega-Moñux Alejandro 
Published: January 2025

Spot-size converters (SSCs) are key for efficient coupling of light between waveguides of different sizes. While adiabatic tapers are well suited for small size differences, they become impractically long for expansion factors around ×100, which are often required when coupling integrated waveguides and free-space beams. Evanescent couplers and Bragg deflectors can be used in this scenario, but their operation is inherently limited in bandwidth. Here, we propose a solution based on a parabolic dielectric interface that couples light from a 0.5μm wide waveguide to a 285μm wide waveguide, i.e., an expansion factor of ×570. We experimentally demonstrate an unprecedented bandwidth of more than 380 nm with insertion losses below 0.35 dB. We furthermore provide analytical expressions for the design of such parabolic spot-size converters for arbitrary expansion factors.
Female Brain and Endocrinological Research–Veteran (FemBER-Vet) study: A study protocol for identifying endocrinological, lifestyle and psychosocial determinants of brain health outcomes in female veterans for future intervention success
Authors: Watermeyer Tamlyn , Atkinson Elliott , Howatson Glyn , McGill Gill , Dodds Christina , Ansdell Paul , Udeh-Momoh Chinedu 
Published: January 2025

Background
Recent studies have demonstrated a greater risk of dementia in female veterans compared to civilians; with the highest prevalence noted for former service women with a diagnosis of psychiatric (trauma, alcoholism, depression), and/or a physical health condition (brain injury, insomnia, diabetes). Such findings highlight the need for increased and early screening of medical and psychiatric conditions, and indeed dementia, in the female veteran population. Further, they call for a better understanding of the underlying biopsychosocial mechanisms that might confer heightened risk for female veterans, to tailor preventative and interventional strategies that support brain health across the lifespan.

Methods
The Female Brain and Endocrinological Research–Veteran (FemBER-Vet) Study will create a highly-phenotyped readiness cohort of ex-service persons as well as non-veterans to assess the impacts of, and risks associated with, military service on brain health, using state-of-the-art non-invasive cognitive, physiological and biomarker capture techniques. FEMBER-Vet will include 90 participants across three study groups (30 female veterans, 30 male veterans, 30 female civilians) to delineate the precise biological, socio-demographic, health, lifestyle, military-related, and life-course determinants of brain health outcomes (psychosocial, cognitive, neurophysiological, and other biomarkers).

Discussion
This work addresses the poorly understood biopsychosocial outcomes that female veterans experience compared to their male counterparts and the general female population. Ultimately, it will provide evidence to support the development of tailored interventions for an emerging health priority that currently lacks sufficient evidence for screening and therapeutic intervention.
Community responses to a novel house design: A qualitative study of “Star Homes” in Mtwara, southeastern Tanzania
Authors: Mshamu Salum , Meta Judith , Adhikari Bipin , Halifa Salma , Mmbando Arnold , Wood Hannah Sloan , Wood Otis Sloan , Bøjstrup Thomas Chevalier , Day Nicholas P. J. , Lindsay Steven W. , Knudsen Jakob , Deen Jacqueline , Seidlein Lorenz von , Pell Christopher 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
To evaluate the impact of a novel design “Star Home” on the incidence of malaria, respiratory tract infections and diarrheal diseases among children, randomly selected households in Mtwara, Tanzania were offered a free, new Star Home. Drawing on longitudinal qualitative research that accompanied the Star Homes study, this article describes the experiences of residents and the wider community of living with these buildings.

Methods
A total of four rounds of face-to-face interviews were undertaken with residents of Star Homes (n = 37), control (wattle/daub) homes (n = 21), neighboring households n = 6), community members (n = 17) and community leaders (n = 6). The use of Star Homes was also observed over these four time periods between 2021 and 2023. Interviews were conducted in Swahili, transcribed, and translated into English for thematic analysis.

Results
Star Homes residents appreciated several aspects of the Star Homes, including overall comfort, access to water and electricity, and clean toilets. There were concerns about some design elements, such as poorly closing doors, stoves perceived as inefficient, and the façade, which was susceptible to rainwater ingress. The houses were not always used as intended by their developers, for example, residents were sleeping downstairs instead of upstairs because of cold floors or difficulties using the stairs. Star Homes residents described how the structures triggered praise but also envy from other community members.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the need for close attention to the use of novel design houses and careful sensitization around the potential benefits of dwellings to ensure that the intended health impacts of interventions are achieved.
Prevalence of mortality caused by injuries at Livingstone University Hospital, Zambia. A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Siame Lukundo , Malumani Malan , Kaseya Chiyeñu O. R. , Ivashchenko Sergiy , Nombwende Leah , Masenga Sepiso K. , Hamooya Benson M. , Miyoba Michelo Haluuma 
Published: January 2025

Background
Trauma is a major global public health issue, with an annual death toll of approximately 5 million, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries. Zambia bears a significant burden of trauma-related mortalities, contributing to 7% of all annual deaths and 1 in 5 premature deaths in the country. Despite the significant burden of trauma in our country, few studies have been conducted, with most focusing on high-population centers, and there is a lack of epidemiological data on trauma-related deaths in our region. Therefore, our aim was to estimate the proportion of deaths caused by injuries at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital, a tertiary hospital located in Zambia’s southern province.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study from June 22, 2020, to June 22, 2021, among 956 individuals from 1 month old (29 days of age) to 100 years. Demographic and clinical data were collected from patient’s records from Accident and Emergency department. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi square, mann-whitney test and multivariable logistic using forward stepwise generalized linear model equations (GLM) to identified factors associated with mortality, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Data were analyzed using STATA version 15.

Results
Among the study participants, the median age was 26 years (interquartile range (IQR) 15, 37) and the majority were males (74.2%, n = 709). Prevalence of mortality was 1.0% (n = 10). The deaths were caused by burns (60%, n = 6), violence (30%, n = 3), and traffic accidents (10%, n = 1). Among those who died, the majority of the trauma occurred at home (90%, n = 9), followed by road (10%, n = 1) and were as a result of burns (60%, n = 6) and community violence (30%, n = 3). Survivors had significantly higher treatment costs (ZMK 9,837 vs. ZMK 6,037, p<0.005). Having burns (AOR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.09, p< 0.001) and hospital stay of one day (AOR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.05, p< 0.001) was positively associated with mortality, while hospital stay of more than five days (AOR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96, 0.99, p = 0.002) was negatively associated with mortality.

Conclusion
The prevalence of death due to trauma was relatively low, with the majority experiencing multiple traumas. Burns were the most common cause and were associated with death, occurring within a day of hospitalization. The findings underscore the need for targeted preventive measures, improved access to quality emergency trauma care, and rehabilitation services, especially among patients with burns.
Analisis Tindak Tutur Penolakan Dalam Keluarga Pada Drama Kyou Mo Iyagarase Bentou : Kajian Pragmatik
Authors: Amalia Aan 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to find out about the speech acts of refusal that are generally used in Japanese families. The research method used is a descriptive method with pragmatic equivalent data analysis.The object of research is the drama Kyou Mo Iyagarase Bentou. In the drama Kyou Mo Iyagarase Bentou, it was found that speech acts of rejection in Japanese families almost do not use the concept of aimai to protect the feelings of the interlocutor, while speech acts of rejection in Japanese society in general are delivered politely and carefully and even seem ambiguous. Japanese people usually do not want to offend their conversation partner, in accordance with Japanese culture with the concept of aimai, but statements of rejection within the family are conveyed as they are.From the research results, seven (7) indirect rejection speech acts were found in dialogues 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, two (2) direct rejection speech acts in dialogues 1 and 6. This indicates that even though when refusing you do not think about the feelings of the conversation partner, you still consider the feelings of the conversation partner by not directly stating the refusal that is being conveyed. Keyword : speech act, refusal, drama, direct, indirect
Era Amatir Sepakbola Jepang dan Pengaruh Konsep Shokuba Supotsu (職場スポーツ) (1965-1992)
Authors: Robbani Muhammad , Ong Susy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract This article reviews the long amateur era of Japanese football which was heavily influenced by the concept of Shokuba Supotsu (workplace sport/職場スポーツ). The amateur era of Japanese football arguably began in 1921, as marked by the birth of the Emperor's Cup tournament. Later, there was also Japan Soccer League (日本サッカーリーグ, Nihon Sakkā Rīgu/JSL), an amateur competition held from 1965 to 1992. At first, the Emperor's Cup was dominated by teams from educational institutions. Then started to change from 1963, with the presence of corporate clubs in the Emperor's Cup. Since then, corporate clubs have begun to dominate Japanese football competitions. However, these corporate clubs are run amateurishly because they do not apply aspects of professional football. Players (who are also employees of their team's corporation) must divide their time between working for their company and playing in football competitions. So corporate players do not focus on carrying out their activities as footballers. The Japanese football amateur era stopped in 1992 when the JSL competition changed to J. League in 1993. Only professional clubs could participate in J. League, so amateur corporate football clubs didn’t have a reason to exist anymore since they should transform into professional clubs. This paper uses a literature study method from previous studies with similar themes. Before becoming an Asian football powerhouse like today, Japanese football had difficulty to develop because football was run in an amateur way.
Status Kualitas Air dan Trofik-Saprobik Perairan di muara Sungai Serayu, Cilacap
Authors: Minawati Iis , Anggoro Sutrisno , A'in Churun 
Published: January 2025

Muara Sungai Serayu terletak di Kabupaten Cilacap, Jawa Tengah, yang salah satu fungsinya adalah sebagai jalur migrasi ikan sidat (Anguila spp.). Pembuangan limbah PLTU, penambangan pasir dan limbah domestik ke dalam Muara ini diduga memberikan dampak negatif, yaitu dapat menurunkan kualitas perairan yang berpotensi terganggunya kehidupan biota akuatik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesuburan muara akibat adanya masukan limbah dan hubungannya dengan kualitas air. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Oktober dan November 2019 di Muara Sungai Serayu dan Bendung Gerak Kebasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Purpossive Random Sampling dengan analisis deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan di 4 stasiun dengan 7 titik sampling. Metode analisis kesuburan perairan menggunakan analisis TROSAP (Trofik-Saprobik), dengan pendekatan TSI (Trofik-Saprobik Index). Pendekatan TSI ini menggunakan parameter jenis fitoplankton yang ditemukan di Muara Sungai Serayu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komunitas fitoplankton yang terdapat di muara Sungai Serayu terdapat 24 spesies pada pasang dan surut. Berdasarkan nilai kelimpahan dengan rata-rata 129.000 sel/L pada kondisi pasang dan 120.643 sel/L pada kondisi surut. Rata-rata nilai Saprobik Indeks (SI) pada saat pasang 1,28 dan 1,2 pada saat surut dan Tropik Saprobik Indeks 1,79 ketika pasang dan 1,52 ketika surut. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tingkat pencemaran di muara Sungai Serayu selamapenelitian dikategorikan sebagai pencemaran ringan(oligosaprobik-β – Mesosaprobik )
Current advancements on magnesium alloy coatings for bioimplants: a closer look for biocompatibility and corrosion mitigation
Authors: Ansari Kashif Rahmani , Singh Ambrish , Singh Shivani , Singh Anurag , Ali Ismat H. , Younas Muhammad , Lin Yuanhua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The healthcare industry has closely considered magnesium (Mg) alloy because of its exceptional mechanical qualities, biological solid compatibility, and biodegradable properties. Since it has reactive chemistry of natural world, magnesium alloy typically exhibits excessive rate of deterioration in the physiological environment. Thus, surface modification research has become a hotspot for obtaining different potential abilities of magnesium alloy in medical applications. The coatings of magnesium alloy surfaces are discussed in this work based on their many types: metals (metal hydroxides and oxides), inorganic/nonmetallic, and natural/synthetic polymers. The metal oxide coating is loose and porous, and it is often used together with other types of coatings to form a composite coating. The metal hydroxide coating is easily damaged by Cl− ions in corrosive medium and cannot provide long-term effective protection to substrate. Inorganic nonmetallic coatings have more space defects and greater brittleness, which used in few bone implantation procedures. Polymer materials generally have better biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, polymer coatings have a weak binding force to the substrate and limited mechanical properties. The development prospects of magnesium alloy surface coatings for biomedical applications are forecasted together with the manufacturing techniques, resistance to corrosion, and compatibility for biological systems has been discussed.
Andrea Pető on Hannah Szenes: Multilayered Memorialization
Authors: Vice Sue 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article addresses the important arguments made by Andrea Pető in relation to the ‘circles of forgetting’ in Hungary. In particular, it focuses on Pető’s case study of the woman born in Hungary as Aniko Szenes, known in English as Hannah Szenes or Senesh, and the transformation of one into the other. Drawing inspiration from Pető’s analysis, the article analyses the Anglophone representation of Szenes’ history in the form of poetry and documentary cinema, to contrast the absence of Szenes from Hungarian memorialization with the ways in which she is remembered in the USA, Israel and beyond.
Investment Time Horizons in Family Versus Non-Family Firms and Among Family Firms with Governance Heterogeneity: Evidence from China
Authors: Zhu Lina , Memili Esra , Fang Hanqing Chevy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Investment time horizons (i.e. long-term and short term) remain under researched within the context of family versus non-family firms. This phenomenon also requires taking a closer look at the governance heterogeneity among family firms as it can lead to differences among family firms in terms of the temporal nature of the investments. Drawing upon a goal-based theoretical framework, we hypothesize that family firms are more likely to engage in long-term investments; and simultaneously, less likely to engage in short-term investments compared to non-family firms. We also hypothesize that the idiosyncratic investment time horizon in family business is primarily captured by de novo or “born as” family businesses, rather than family firms privatized and transformed from state-owned firms. A longitudinal analysis of 34,079 firm-year observations from 4,101 listed firms between 2007 and 2020 yields interesting findings with significant theoretical and practical implications.
Neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism with inactivating calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) mutation (p.I81K)
Authors: Donbaloglu Zeynep , Gullu Merve , Tekin Suat , Karaguzel Gungor , Parlak Mesut , Tuhan Hale , Turkkahraman Doga 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT) is a rare condition characterized by inactivating mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene, leading to significant hypercalcemia and related complications.

Case presentation
We present a case of a six-day-old male infant with weakness, jaundice, and hypotonia, later diagnosed with NSHPT due to a known homozygous CaSR mutation (c.242T>A; p.I81K). Initial laboratory findings revealed markedly elevated serum calcium levels and high parathyroid hormone levels which were compatible with primary hyperparathyroidism. After initial management, bisphosphonates were administered, resulting in the patient remaining normocalcemic for 11 months, although hyperparathyroidism persisted. Then, due to the ongoing hyperparathyroidism, cinacalcet was added and continued for nine months. Finally, a total parathyroidectomy was performed. Postoperatively, the patient developed hypoparathyroidism, necessitating long-term supplementation with calcium and calcitriol. By the last follow-up at 3 years, the patient exhibited normal growth parameters and no neurodevelopmental deficits.

Conclusions
This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in NSHPT and highlights the critical role of medical treatment, surgical management and long-term follow-up in optimising patient outcomes. Continued research is essential to enhance understanding and treatment strategies for NSHPT.
From grammar to text: a semiotic perspective on a paradigm shift in computation and its usages
Authors: Valle Andrea 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Programming is a relevant semiotic activity, resulting in millions of lines of written code: the whole digital revolution is still rooted in writing as a semiotic activity. In relation to this, AI applications based on deep learning do not present particular features. They are standard computer programs relying on the von Neumann/Turing architecture. Yet there is an interesting epistemological difference. A distinction can be made between classical programming and machine learning. As the task for programming is always problem solving, in classical programming, the programmer has to input rules and data in order to gather answers in output. A machine learning approach requires a different epistemological wiring: the programmer inputs data and the required answers, while the software learns or discovers the rules. These two approaches to programming can be characterized from a semiotic perspective by referring to the couple “grammar” versus “text” and “allography” versus “autography.” A grammar defines a set of rules to be applied so that an output is generated that is formally consistent with the prescribed rules. Rather, a text acts as an example from which to infer regularities in order to generate a new text. This epistemological shift on the computation side is coupled with an analogous one on the user side. As data, that is – semiotically – texts, are the driving force, users have to focus on sets of examples in order to cope with the algorithms. The contribution discusses this shift by taking into account the relative changes in agency.
Synthesis, structure and fluorescence of a novel zinc(II) polymer based on N-[(3-pyridine)-3-sulfonyl]-threonine
Authors: Cui Jiaming , Chen Huimin , Guo Jiaojiao , Ma Zhenfeng , Jiang Yimin , Liang Yi-Jun , Li Jun-Xia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A novel zinc(II) polymer based on pyridine sulfonyl amino acid, namely [Zn(HL)(H2O)2]n·4H2O (1) (HL=(1-carboxylato-2-hydroxypropyl)(pyridin-3-sulfonyl)-threonine), was synthesized by reacting Zn(NO3)2·6H2O with H3L in a mixed solvent solution of MeCN/EtOH/H2O under acidic conditions. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the polymer 1 crystallized in trigonal crystal system, space group P3121. Notably, the unit cell of the as-formed polymer 1 contains only one crystallographically independent zinc(II) ion, and the divalent anion ligand HL adopts a coordination pattern of η
1
:η
2
:μ
2. The zinc(II) central ions are connected by bridging coordination with the HL ligand through pyridyl nitrogen and carboxy oxygen atoms to form an infinite helix chain. Furthermore, numerous hydrogen bonds were observed among these chains, joining them into a 2D supramolecular network. Finally, the complex is stacked along the 31 helical axis to yield a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. Additionally, the thermal stability and photoluminescence properties of 1 were determined and discussed.
Triiodothyronine treatment in mice improves stroke outcome and reduces blood–brain barrier damage
Authors: Ullrich Daniel , Führer Dagmar , Heuer Heike , Mayerl Steffen , Haupeltshofer Steffen , Schmitt Linda-Isabell , Leo Markus , Szepanowski Rebecca D , Hagenacker Tim , Schwaninger Markus , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Langhauser Friederike 
Published: January 2025

Objective
Thyroid hormones control a variety of processes in the central nervous system and influence its response to different stimuli, such as ischemic stroke. Post-stroke administration of 3,3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) has been reported to substantially improve outcomes, but the optimal dosage and time window remain elusive.

Methods
Stroke was induced in mice by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and T3 was administered at different doses and time points before and after stroke.

Results
We demonstrated a dose-dependent protective effect of T3 reducing infarct volumes with an optimal T3 dosage of 25 μg/kg. In addition, we observed a time-dependent effectiveness that was most profound when T3 was administered 1 h after tMCAO (P < 0.001), with a gradual reduction in efficacy at 4.5 h (P = 0.066), and no reduction in infarct volumes when T3 was injected with an 8-h delay (P > 0.999). The protective effect of acute T3 treatment persisted for 72 h post-tMCAO (P < 0.01) and accelerated the recovery of motor function by day 3 (P < 0.05). In-depth investigations further revealed reduced cerebral edema and diminished blood–brain barrier leakage, indicated by reduced extravasation of Evans blue and diminished aquaporin-4 expression.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that T3 may be a promising intervention for ischemic stroke in the acute phase.