bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New insights with XRISM and Cloudy: A novel column density diagnostic
Authors: Gunasekera Chamani M. , van Hoof Peter A. M. , Tsujimoto Masahiro , Ferland Gary J. 
Published: February 2025

Aims. We present a simple yet powerful column density diagnostic for plasmas enabled by X-ray microcalorimeter observations.
Methods. With the recent developments of the spectral simulation code CLOUDY, inspired by the high spectral resolution of the X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) and the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics (Athena), we make predictions for the intensity ratio of the resolved fine-structure lines Lyα1 and Lyα2 of H-like ions.
Results. We show that this ratio can be observationally constrained and used as a plasma column density indicator. We demonstrate this with an XRISM observation of the high-mass X-ray binary Centaurus X-3.
Conclusions. This diagnostic is useful for a wide range of X-ray emitting plasmas that are either collisionally or radiatively ionized.
Point-contact spectroscopy of superconductors
Authors: Omelyanchouk A. N. 
Published: February 2025

The theoretical grounds of point contact spectroscopy of metals in the case where one or both the electrodes are in the superconducting state are presented. The primary focus is on the effects of strong electron–phonon interaction1 and on specific features of spectroscopy of high-temperature superconductors.2
The Josephson effect,3 spectroscopy of nonequilibrium phonons and elastic contact spectroscopy of electron–phonon interaction in metals,4 influence of depairing factors on nonlinear conductivity5 are reviewed.
Thermal drones are highly effective for detecting elusive Bennett’s tree kangaroos (Dendrolagus bennettianus) in Australia’s tropical rainforests
Authors: Norris Emmeline Bernadette Barrett , Larson Johan 
Published: February 2025

Tree kangaroos (Dendrolagus spp.) are poorly studied owing to their elusive arboreal nature, which makes detection difficult using traditional methods such as spotlighting and hand-held thermal cameras. This note documents the first successful detection of Bennett’s tree kangaroos (D. bennettianus) using thermal drones in tropical rainforest at Cape Tribulation, Australia. In less than an hour, six individuals were observed across 17 ha. The method proved minimally invasive and highly effective in rainforest environments despite dense vegetation and high temperatures, demonstrating both the unexpected abundance of this species and the utility of thermal drones for monitoring tropical arboreal fauna.
A place of their own
Authors: Maia Rita Bueno , Lopes Alexandra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores the uses of translation in the production and dissemination of knowledge by Portuguese-speaking exiles in nineteenth-century Paris. The discussion focuses on two key figures: Caetano Lopes de Moura (Bahia, 1780 — Paris, 1860), a Brazilian physician who translated from French into Portuguese historical sources on Brazil available in France, as well as medical and geographical books; and the Viscount of Santarém (Lisbon, 1791 — Paris, 1856), who edited Portuguese-language manuscripts, rewriting them in modern Portuguese, and published works on history, geography, and cartography on Portugal and Lusophone Africa in Portuguese, and self-translated these works into French. Arguably, these translations produced by two very different intellectuals created new forms of scholarship in exile. On the one hand, they changed the landscape of Portuguese scientific language by importing alien concepts and thus creating an experience of foreignisation. On the other hand, the collaborative work involved in translating historical and geographical source texts into (modern) Portuguese led to the formation of a network of displaced intellectuals, thus creating new spaces for translation, the production of knowledge and collaboration.
Final report to the CCT on key comparison CCT-K8 - comparison of local realisations of dew-point temperature of humid gas in the range 30 °C to 95 °C
Authors: Gallegos J G , Mitter H , Abe H , Bell S , Benyon R , Carroll P , Choi B I , Deschermeier R , Ebert V , Fernicola V , Wang L , Meyer C , Smorgon D , Vicente T 
Published: February 2025

Main text
The report summarises the results of the CCT-K8 key comparison in the field of humidity. The main target of this comparison was to obtain the degree of equivalence (DoE) between realizations of local scales of dew point temperature of humid gas (air), in the range from 30 °C to 95 °C, among the participating national metrology institutes. The report gives details of the scheme, procedure and analysis of the comparison. The overall results display a very good agreement of the nine participating laboratories. The results show excellent agreement between the realized scales with no detected outliers. The performance of the travelling standards was excellent and can be attributed to the intensive preconditioning and selection of the platinum resistance thermometers, prior to their integration into the measuring head assembly, that led to insignificant drift. In the conclusion, some lessons learned are reported that could be beneficial for future key comparisons.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K1 of the air-kerma standards of the NIST, USA and the BIPM in 60Co gamma radiation
Authors: Kessler C , Burns D , Minniti R 
Published: February 2025

Main text
A new key comparison of the standards for air kerma of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA, and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 60Co radiation beam of the BIPM in October 2023. The comparison result, based on the calibration coefficients for two transfer chambers and expressed as a ratio of the NIST and the BIPM standards for air kerma, is 1.0044 with a combined standard uncertainty of 3.4 parts in 103. The result agrees within the uncertainties with the indirect comparison carried out in 2011, when updated with the changes implemented to the standards at each laboratory. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Aero-engine remaining useful life prediction using a TCN prognostic model enhanced with dual-dimensional fusion attention
Authors: Xiong Yuxing , Guo Bin , Dian Songyi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is an essential technique in the prognostics and health management of aero-engines, crucial for ensuring reliability and safety. Recently, data-driven methods have achieved notable progress in aero-engine RUL prediction. However, they often neglect the impact of dimensional information and the coupling information between dimensions, failing to meet the requirements of long-term prediction tasks for aero-engines. This paper presents a prognostic model for aero-engine RUL prediction, utilizing a temporal convolutional network (TCN) enhanced by dual-dimensional fusion attention to tackle these challenges. Initially, the feature attention module is employed to weight the data from various engine sensors, thereby emphasizing key features. Subsequently, the TCN learns the temporal dependencies from the weighted input data. Additionally, a dual-dimension fusion attention module is designed to account for interactions between different dimensional data of the engine. This module extracts features from various sensors and time steps through parallel sub-structures and captures the coupling information between dimensions using an attention fusion unit, achieving inter-dimensional correlation of aero-engine data. Finally, the proposed model’s effectiveness was verified using the widely recognized C-MAPSS dataset. The results demonstrate that it outperforms state-of-the-art methods in aero-engine RUL prediction accuracy, confirming its superiority.
Silicon nanowire-based ammonia gas sensor with enhanced response at elevated humidity levels
Authors: Sultan M T , Fakhri E , Powroznik P , Manolescu A , Jakubik W , Kazmierczak-Balata A , Svavarsson H G 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is a corrosive and toxic gas to which exposure can cause serious health problems and even death. Elevated levels of it in exhaled breath can serve as a biomarker for various diseases. Consequently, monitoring NH3 in the ambient air and for medical diagnostics is important for public health and safety. However, developing NH3 gas sensors that function effectively in high humidity conditions, such as those found in human breath, has proven challenging. In this study, we present a simple and cost-effective NH3 gas-sensor based on a structure of interconnected silicon nanwires (SiNWs), fabricated with metal-assisted chemical etching. Two different versions were made and compared; SiNWs, with and without germanium nanoparticles. The sensing mechanism is attributed to the formation of a hole accumulation layer in the air, whose width decreases upon exposure to NH3. It was also observed that bundling of individual nanowires enhances the sensor’s response time, down to approximately 70 s, which is an order of magnitude faster response than that of similar SiNW structures reported in the literature.
Ultra-fast terahertz optical switch based on metal vanadium dioxide
Authors: Zhu Jun , Pan Zhe , Xiong Jiayuan , Wu Xuehua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The performance of optical switches in optical systems is often constrained by the material’s limited response speed and tunable range. In this study, we propose a novel terahertz optical switch based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) to address these challenges. The switch is composed of a VO2 layer, a dielectric spacer, and a gold plasmonic film. The ultrafast insulator-to-metal phase transition of the VO2 layer facilitates precise modulation of the coupling between surface plasmon modes and incident electromagnetic waves. Through comprehensive time-domain and frequency-domain analyses, the ultrafast response time of VO2 was experimentally validated. The results demonstrate near-perfect absorption (99.99%) and an exceptionally high modulation depth of absorption efficiency (99.92%) during the phase transition. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the switch dramatically changes from −0.38 dB to −23.3 dB, achieving a switching ratio of 22.92 dB. These findings highlight the potential of VO2-based optical switches for advanced terahertz optical communication and signal processing applications.
Uncertainty quantification of a collisional-radiative model for hydrogen plasmas
Authors: Bruno Domenico 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A collisional-radiative model for the Balmer emission from low-temperature Hydrogen plasma is studied. The model is based on the most accurate cross sections available for the relevant processes. An uncertainty quantification study based on Polynomial Chaos expansion is performed for ionizing and recombining plasmas with conditions typical of the tandem discharge used in Neutral Beam sources for magnetically confined fusion reactors. Results show that uncertainties in the model results larger than a factor of 5 are obtained, much larger than the typical uncertainty in the measurements. The approach, however, allows to identify few processes that have the largest role in propagating the uncertainties and where increased accuracy has the largest impact.
Refractive-index sensing based on terahertz cavity-modal confinement of Bragg metal grating structure
Authors: You Borwen , Hsieh Che-Chu , Lin Yen-Shan , Lu Pin-Jung , Tsai Hung-Yi , Yu Liang-Cheng , Chang Shiun-Yun , Wu Yuan-Chi , Liang Zhe-Quan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Integrated sensing platforms, which possess active layers of local electric-field oscillation in the terahertz (THz) frequency, can sensitively detect analytes via electromagnetic (EM) wave guidance, resonance, and spatial confinement in the system of THz time-domain spectroscopy. A Bragg grating structure of periodically perforated metal slits (PPMSs) is presented here as an active layer to generate the local electric-field oscillation of metal-cavity EM wave resonance that is coupled from 0.1–1 THz metal surface waves along the wavelength-scaled segments of metal slabs. The cavity modal confinement property, which is characterized from device transmittance or loss spectra, leads to the distribution of the metal-cavity wave resonance over a 35-pitch length and a 0.1–0.2 mm metal thickness of PPMSs. These two distribution dimensions of metal-cavity wave resonance represent longitudinal and transverse confinement performances, respectively. The PPMS-THz waves specified by 2D spatial confinement can realize the functional integration of a dielectric superstrate component and a sample adsorbing layer to adjust the dispersion responsivity and concentration of analytes, respectively. A refractive-index sensing application of glucose is presented by this integrated scheme for a molecular density range of 0–24 μg mm−2 and a resolution density of 1.6 μg mm−2. The PPMS-based THz integrated sensing platform facilitates the developments of specific test papers and relevant molecular surface modification to target molecules.
Gravitational Faraday-Cartan effect beyond gravitomagnetism due to dark matter intrinsic spin
Authors: Barriga Francisco , Izaurieta Fernando , Lepe Samuel , Meza Paola , Muñoz Jethzael , Quinzacara Cristian , Valdivia Omar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We show that the spin of dark matter induces a gravitational analog of the electromagnetic Faraday effect, where the polarization of gravitational waves undergoes a rotation as they propagate through a dark matter halo with a non-vanishing axial hypermomentum. An expression for the gravitational rotation angle is provided, which is analogous to the Faraday rotation in optics, and evaluate its significance in astrophysical settings. Although the effect is expected to be small under current observational constraints, we discuss its potential importance in the early universe.

Importantly, this effect is distinct from the known gravitational Faraday rotation in gravitomagnetism, where the geometry of general relativity is split into a background and a low-frequency gravitomagnetic perturbation. In that framework, the polarization of an electromagnetic wave (or a high-frequency GW perturbation) rotates relative to the background geometry. In contrast, this gravitational Faraday-Cartan effect arises from a non-vanishing dark matter axial hypermomentum that breaks the parallel transport of GW polarization, without invoking any gravitomagnetic approximation. Notably, it only rotates gravitational wave polarization without affecting the electromagnetic wave one.
Electrochemical control of photoelectric performance in WS2/WSe2 van der Waals heterostructures device
Authors: Wang Linghan , Wang Qinsheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Electrochemical intercalation is an effective method for modulating the physical properties of materials, extensively utilized in optimizing device performance in two-dimensional materials. However, research about the modulation on the optoelectronic performance is still lacking. Here, we demonstrate using lithium-ion intercalation to modulate the optoelectronic performance of WS2/WSe2 heterojunction. We observe a significant increase of device conductivity (approximately 50x) after lithium-ion intercalation. At the same time, the peak responsivity increases by 8 times and can be modulated from 8 mA/W to -6 mA/W, accompanied with a reversal of photocurrent direction. No phase transitions are observed throughout the intercalation process by Raman spectroscopy. The variations in photocurrent response are attributed to the injection of free charge carriers and the corresponding alterations in the band structure. Our work paves the way for modulating the optoelectronic performance of two-dimensional materials with electrochemical intercalation.
Enhanced energy storage properties of lead-free BNT-based ceramics by introducing Na0.7La0.1NbO3
Authors: Wang H , Li E Z 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
High energy density ceramic materials play an important role in pulse systems. In this study, (1-x)(0.70Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.30BiFeO3)-xNa0.7La0.1NbO3 (x = 0, 0.08, 0.16, and 0.24) (BNT-BFO-xNLN) ceramics were prepared using the traditional solid-state method. The crystal structure, microstructure, ferroelectricity, dielectric properties, energy storage density, and pulse charge-discharge performance of BNT-BFO-xNLN ceramics were systematically investigated. All BNT-BFO-xNLN ceramics exhibited a pure perovskite structure, indicating the successful incorporation of NLN into the BNT-BFO lattice. With the introduction of NLN, the P-E hysteresis loops of BNT-BFO ceramics gradually transformed from a saturated state to a slender state due to the relaxation dielectric peak shifting to room temperature. BNT-BFO-0.16NLN ceramics revealed superior energy storage properties (W
rec = 4.17 J/cm3, η = 79.2%) under an electric field of 300 kV/cm. Additionally, BNT-BFO-0.16NLN ceramic exhibited a current density (C
D) of 164.0 A/cm2 and a power density (P
D) of 13.1 MW/cm3, making it a potential material for pulse system energy storage.
Numerical simulation of 50mm thick Q420 steel plate welding with multi-layer and multi-pass welding process
Authors: Sun Xuejun , Yao Jianzhong , Mao Congbing , Wei Jiacheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study uses finite element software to simulate and analyze a multi-layer, multi-pass (seven layers and twenty-two passes) welding technique applied to V-groove butt weld for 50mm thick Q420 steel plates. The simulation accurately depicts the temperature distribution during the welding process using a double ellipsoid heat source model. Temperatures gradually increase along each weld pass trajectory until reaching peak values exceeding 2000°C at specific points, while the underlying base metal reaches temperatures as high as 300°C. By examining metallic phases’ spatial allocation and compositional characteristics alongside thermal distribution after extensive welding simulations, these findings provide valuable insights for optimizing multi-layer, multi-pass welding procedures related to Q420 steel plates.
Synthesis and properties of non-phosphorus and nitrogen-free epoxy succinic acid copolymer
Authors: Yan M F , Liu Z , Li H H , Gao Y H , Liu Z F 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A ternary polymer was synthesized from, itaconic acid (IA), hydroxyethylene acrylate (HEA) and epoxysuccinic acid (ESA). The optimal synthesis conditions were screened based on dispersion property and scale inhibition performance evaluations. The scale inhibition efficiency was evaluated using static methods, and the performance of dispersing was evaluated by testing the dispersion of Fe2O3. The results suggested that with a molar proportion of reaction raw materials (ESA/IA/HEA) of 3:3:1, an initiator dosage of 5%, polymerization temperature of 90°C, and polymerization time of 4 h, the polymer had the greatest dispersion property and scale inhibition performance. A biodegradability results showed that, on the 28th day, the biodegradation rate reached 78.5%. The ternary polymer was a phosphorus-free and non-nitrogen agent. The polymer provided great scale inhibition and dispersion performance with good biodegradability.
New alternative equivalent phantom materials developed for radiotherapy applications
Authors: Samson D O , Zuber S H , Shukri A , Aziz M Z A , Biodun A D , Fadzil M S A , Yahya N A , Buba A D A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper reported an eco-friendly natural-based composite phantom equivalent to human body tissues prepared by mangrove wood, soy proteins, sodium hydroxide, and three different amounts of itaconic acid polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin. The probability of photon interactions was comprehensively analyzed using Monte Carlo code EGSnrc PEGS4 simulation in the 0.001-70.0 MeV range and compared with those of water and solid water phantoms. The results showed that the obtained radiation attenuation factors had similar parameters to those of water and other commercially available equivalent materials with χ
2 values (DSF15:SPC15:SPI15 = 0.064:0.099:0.075). Moreover, for the fractional probability of photon interactions computations, no significant difference for Compton scattering interaction was observed for water and solid water phantoms in the selected energies range, demonstrating the consistency of the constructed phantoms. Development of mangrove wood-based tissue equivalent materials under the conditions (DSF/SPC/SPI/NaOH/IA-PAE = 3.0:3.0:1.2:1.0:1.5, 150 kgcm−2, 180°C, 18 min) could be conducive as potential application in radiotherapy.
Reliability tests of the SFP+ transceivers and the TGC readout board for the ATLAS experiment at HL-LHC
Authors: Hashimoto D. , Horii Y. , Ishino M. , Kondo S. , Kurashige H. , Maeda J. , Maeno R. , Makita A. , Morimoto H. , Nagasaka R. , Narukawa Y. , Ohsumi Y. , Okumura Y. , Tomoto M. , Wada A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Results are presented for reliability tests of the SFP+ transceivers and the readout board of Thin Gap Chambers (TGC) for the ATLAS experiment at HL-LHC. The radiation tolerance was evaluated for the SFP+ transceivers from Broadcom and FS and the TGC frontend board with gamma ray irradiation up to 𝒪(100) Gy at the Cobalt-60 facility of Nagoya University. An accelerated aging test was also performed for the SFP+ transceivers with the Kintex-7 evaluation board integrated in the temperature chamber.
Reusable verification components for High-Energy Physics readout ASICs
Authors: Lupi M. , Esposito S. , Llopart-Cudie X. , Pulli A. , Scarfì S. , Kharwadkar N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Verification is a critical aspect of designing front-end (FE) readout ASICs for
High-Energy Physics (HEP) experiments. These ASICs share several similar functional features,
resulting in similar verification objectives, which can be addressed using comparable verification
strategies. This contribution presents a set of re-usable verification components for addressing
common verification tasks, such as clock generation, reset handling, configuration, as well as hit
and fault injections. The components were developed as part of the CHIPS initiative and they have
been successfully used in the verification of multiple HEP ASICs.