bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grenzen des Korrosionsmonitorings zum Wirksamkeitsnachweis des Instandsetzungsprinzips 8.3 (W‐Cl)
Authors: Zausinger Christoph , Osterminski Kai , Gehlen Christoph 
Published: December 2023

AbstractKorrosion von Stahl in kurzzeitig tausalzexponiertem und gerissenem Stahlbeton ist ein seit Jahrzehnten bekanntes und kontrovers diskutiertes Problem in der Instandhaltung von Infrastrukturbauwerken. Zum Erhalt dieser Bauwerke bietet die Technische Richtlinie Instandhaltung von Betonbauwerken das Instandsetzungsprinzip 8.3 (W‐Cl). Hierbei wird die gerissene Stahlbetonoberfläche mit einem Oberflächenschutzsystem versehen, um weiteren Schadstoffeintrag zu unterbinden und langfristig eine Austrocknung des Betons zu erreichen. Es wird gezeigt, ob der bereits eingetretene Schadstoffeintrag in Form von Chloriden aus Tausalzen innerhalb einer Winterperiode ein überkritisches Maß erreichen kann und anhand welcher Parameter sich der Bauteilzustand festmachen lässt. Der Verlauf der Korrosionsströme und der Polarisationswiderstände sowie die Chloridkonzentration im Rissbereich auf Bewehrungshöhe sind dabei die wichtigsten Parameter. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, dass nur die Korrelation dieser Parameter den Instandsetzungsnachweis ermöglicht. Ohne Kenntnis über diese Werte ist die Vorhersage über den Bauteilzustand nicht sicher möglich und fortlaufendes, vielseitiges Korrosionsmonitoring deshalb unabdingbar.
The addition of tislelizumab to gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy increases thrombocytopenia in patients with urothelial carcinoma: A single‐center study based on propensity score matching
Authors: Gao Zhimin , Qi Nienie , Qin Xu , Li Zhen , Li Gang , Wang Zewei , Wang Junqi , Wen Rumin , Li Hailong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeWhether the addition of tislelizumab to gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) chemotherapy increases the incidence of myelosuppression has not been well established. This study identified the risk factors for the development of myelosuppression in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) after receiving GC chemotherapy with or without tislelizumab.Materials and MethodsWe enrolled 192 UC patients who received GC with or without tislelizumab at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between July 2014 and November 2022. Patient baseline characteristics were included in the statistical analyses after adjusting for previously reported risk factors affecting survival using propensity score matching (1:1). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with posttreatment myelosuppression.ResultsA total of 192 patients were enrolled, of whom 96 were treated with tislelizumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin (T + GC) and 96 with GC alone. The incidence of leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia of any grade was 50.0%, 70.8%, and 42.7%, respectively, in the T + GC group and 41.7%, 72.9%, and 20.8%, respectively, in the GC group. In multivariate analysis, patients aged over 70 years (OR = 2.486, 95% CI: 1.067–5.792, p = 0.035) and those who received T + GC (OR = 3.119, 95% CI: 1.576–6.173, p = 0.001) were more likely to develop thrombocytopenia. Patients aged over 70 years (OR = 3.213, 95% CI: 1.254–8.237, p = 0.015) were more likely to develop anemia, and patients with renal insufficiency (OR = 2.105, 95% CI: 1.035–4.280, p = 0.040) were more likely to develop leukopenia. Eventually, 99 (51.6%) patients with UC successfully completed all the treatment cycles.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the addition of tislelizumab to GC chemotherapy led to a considerable increase in the occurrence of thrombocytopenia, whereas no significant changes were observed regarding anemia or leukopenia. It is crucial to fully inform patients at increased risk for myelosuppression of potential risks and closely monitor changes in their blood routines.
Stiff‐person syndrome revealing an occult gray zone lymphoma: A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Fakhari Mohammad Sadegh , Poorsaadat Leila , Mohammad Talebi Hooman , Kosari Farid 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageStiff‐Person Syndrome (SPS) can be associated with various malignancies, including lymphomas. Therefore, clinicians should always remain vigilant for the presence of an underlying malignancy, especially in older patients presenting with SPS.AbstractStiff‐person syndrome (SPS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by painful muscle spasms. It can occur as a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with various malignancies. We present a case of an older male adult with a history of recurrent fever episodes and elevated inflammatory markers for 1 year who subsequently developed neurological symptoms. The presence of positive amphiphysin antibodies led to the diagnosis of SPS, which prompted further investigations revealing an underlying Gray Zone lymphoma (GZL). This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing lymphoma and emphasizes the importance of considering SPS as a paraneoplastic syndrome in guiding toward the final diagnosis. The diagnostic challenge in our case is summarized in Chart 1.
Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity as Binders for both Acidic and Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis
Authors: Burba Marino , Pargoletti Eleonora , Marken Frank , McKeown Neil B. , Carta Mariolino , Vertova Alberto , Minguzzi Alessandro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, a new polymeric binder (polymer of intrinsic microporosity, PIM‐1) has been investigated and discussed to prepare and characterize composite materials for the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction. The new binder is a polymer of intrinsic microporosity, a family of organic compounds with molecularly rigid (glassy) structure, good mechanical and chemical stability. Their influence on the electrocatalytic behaviour of a commercial electrocatalyst during the oxygen reduction reaction in acidic and alkaline media has been investigated, discussed and compared to the behaviour of common cationic and anionic polymer binders, using rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques. Polymers of intrinsic microporosity perform similarly well, and sometimes better (due to rigidity and gas permeation) when compared to commercial binders. Thus, herein, we showed that PIMs do represent a very promising and versatile alternative as binders in electrocatalysis.
Effect of in‐canopy foliar fungicide applications in corn on spray coverage
Authors: Anderson Nolan R. , Wise Kiersten A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFoliar fungicides are available to suppress Diplodia ear rot (DER), caused by Stenocarpella maydis (Berk.) Sutton and Stenocarpella macrospora (Earle) Sutton) in corn (Zea mays L.), but previous research has indicated these fungicides have limited efficacy against the disease using traditional over‐canopy application methods. In an effort to improve coverage within the canopy and potentially improve disease control of DER, experiments were conducted in 2020, 2021, and 2022 to examine the effect of ground‐driven, in‐canopy fungicide nozzle technology on DER severity and spray coverage on the ear leaf and ear of corn plants. Application methods included over‐canopy nozzles, over‐canopy + drop nozzles, and over‐canopy + 360 Undercover nozzles. Within each application method, treatments consisted of a non‐inoculated control, or were inoculated with a conidial suspension of S. maydis. The fungicides benzovindiflupyr + azoxystrobin + propiconazole and pydiflumetofen + azoxystrobin + propiconazole were applied within each application method to measure efficacy against DER. In all years, neither fungicide product nor application method reduced DER severity. No fungicide applications increased yield compared to the non‐treated control. The addition of drop nozzles or 360 Undercover nozzles to traditional over‐canopy nozzles increased spray coverage on the ear (P < 0.0001) compared to over‐canopy nozzles alone.
Asymmetric Partial Hydrosilylation of 2,2‐Difluoro‐1,3‐diketones with Chiral Frustrated Lewis Pairs
Authors: Liu Ting , Feng Xiangqing , Du Haifeng 
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe asymmetric partial reduction of 1,3‐diketones stands as a straightforward pathway to access optically active β‐hydroxyketones. In this paper, an asymmetric Piers‐type hydrosilylation of 2,2‐difluoro‐1,3‐diketones was successfully realized by using a frustrated Lewis pair of chiral borane and tricyclohexylphosphine as a catalyst, delivering a variety of α,α‐difluoro‐β‐hydroxyketones in high yields with up to 99% ee. Significantly, no over‐reduced diol products were observed even with an excess amount of silanes. The product can be conveniently converted to α,α‐difluoro‐β‐hydroxyester or 1,3‐anti‐diol via an oxidation with m‐CPBA or a reduction with DIBAL‐H without obvious loss of ee.
An effective data placement strategy for IIoT applications
Authors: Shen Zhijie , Liu Bowen , Dou Wanchun 
Published: December 2023

SummaryWith the rapid development of the Internet of things (IoT) and mobile communication technology, the amount of data related to industrial Internet of things (IIoT) applications has shown a trend of explosive growth, and hence edge‐cloud collaborative environment becomes one of the most popular paradigms to place the IIoT applications data. However, edge servers are often heterogeneous and capacity limited while having lower access delay, so there is a contradiction between capacity and latency while using edge storage. Additionally, when IIoT applications deployed crossing edge regions, the impact of data replication and data privacy should not be ignored. These factors often pose challenges to proposing an effective data placement strategy to take full advantage of edge storage. To address these challenges, an effective data placement strategy for IIoT applications is designed in this article. We first analyze the data access time and data placement cost in an edge‐cloud collaborative environment, with the consideration of data replication and data privacy. Then, we design a data placement strategy based on ‐constraint and Lagrangian relaxation, to reduce the data access time and meanwhile limit the data placement cost to an ideal level. As a result, our proposed data placement strategy can effectively reduce data access time and control data placement costs. Simulation and comparative analysis results have demonstrated the validity of our proposed strategy.
Why and when should organisms elongate their telomeres? Elaborations on the ‘excess resources elongation’ and ‘last resort elongation’ hypotheses
Authors: Gómez‐Blanco David , Tobler Michael , Hasselquist Dennis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTelomere length and telomere shortening are thought to be critical cellular attributes and processes that are related to an individual's life span and fitness. The general pattern across most taxa is that after birth telomere length gradually decreases with age. Telomere protection and restoration mechanisms are usually assumed to reduce the rate of shortening or at most keep telomere length constant. However, here we have compiled a list of 26 articles showing that there is an increasing number of studies reporting apparent elongation of telomeres (i.e., a net increase in TL from timet to timet+1) often in a considerable proportion of the individuals studied. Moreover, the few studies which have studied telomere elongation in detail show that increases in telomere length are unlikely to be due to measurement error alone. In this article, we argue that episodes of telomere elongation deserve more attention as they could reflect individual strategies to optimise life histories and maximise fitness, which may not be reflected in the overall telomere dynamics patterns. We propose that patterns of telomere (net) elongation may be partly determined by other factors than those causing telomere shortening, and therefore deserve analyses specifically targeted to investigate the occurrence of telomere elongation. We elaborate on two ecological hypotheses that have been proposed to explain patterns of telomere elongation (the ‘excess resources elongation’ and the ‘last resort elongation’ hypothesis) and we discuss the current evidence for (or against) these hypotheses and propose ways to test them.
The ‘peptide for life’ initiative in the emergency department study
Authors: Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Krljanac Gordana , Zdravković Marija , Ašanin Milika , Stojšić‐Milosavljević Anastazija , Radovanović Slavica , Kovačević Tamara Preradović , Selaković Aleksandar , Milinković Ivan , Polovina Marija , Glavaš Duška , Srbinovska Elizabeta , Bulatović Nebojša , Miličić Davor , Čikeš Maja , Babić Zdravko , Šikić Jozica , Kušljugić Zumreta , Hudić Larisa Dizdarević , Arfsten Henrike , Meems Laura M.G. , Metra Marco , Rosano Giuseppe , Seferović Petar M. ,   Young Investigators of the Peptide for Life Initiative
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsNatriuretic peptide (NP) uptake varies in Emergency Departments (EDs) across Europe. The ‘Peptide for Life’ (P4L) initiative, led by Heart Failure Association, aims to enhance NP utilization for early diagnosis of heart failure (HF). We tested the hypothesis that implementing an educational campaign in Western Balkan countries would significantly increase NP adoption rates in the ED.Methods and resultsThis registry examined NP adoption before and after implementing the P4L‐ED study across 10 centres in five countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia. A train‐the‐trainer programme was implemented to enhance awareness of NP testing in the ED, and centres without access received point‐of‐care instruments. Differences in NP testing between the pre‐P4L‐ED and post‐P4L‐ED phases were evaluated. A total of 2519 patients were enrolled in the study: 1224 (48.6%) in the pre‐P4L‐ED phase and 1295 (51.4%) in the post‐P4L‐ED phase. NP testing was performed in the ED on 684 patients (55.9%) during the pre‐P4L‐ED phase and on 1039 patients (80.3%) during the post‐P4L‐ED phase, indicating a significant absolute difference of 24.4% (95% CI: 20.8% to 27.9%, P < 0.001). The use of both NPs and echocardiography significantly increased from 37.7% in the pre‐P4L‐ED phase to 61.3% in the post‐P4L‐ED phase. There was an increased prescription of diuretics and SGLT2 inhibitors during the post‐P4L‐ED phase.ConclusionsBy increasing awareness and providing resources, the utilization of NPs increased in the ED, leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and enhanced patient care.
New generalized extreme value distribution with applications to extreme temperature data
Authors: Gyasi Wilson , Cooray Kahadawala 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA new generalization of the extreme value distribution is presented with its density function, having a wide variety of density and tail shapes for modeling extreme value data. This generalized extreme value distribution will be referred to as the odd generalized extreme value distribution. It is derived by considering the distributions of the odds of the generalized extreme value distribution. Consequently, the new distribution is enlightened by not only having all six families of extreme value distributions; Gumbel, Fréchet, Weibull, reverse‐Gumbel, reverse‐Fréchet, and reverse‐Weibull as submodels but also convenient for modeling bimodal extreme value data that are frequently found in environmental sciences. Basic properties of the distribution, including tail behavior and tail heaviness, are studied. Also, quantile‐based aliases of the new distribution are illustrated using Galton's skewness and Moor's kurtosis plane. The adequacy of the new distribution is illustrated using well‐known goodness‐of‐fit measures. A simulation is performed to validate the estimated risk measures due to repeated data points frequently found in temperature data. The Grand Rapids and well‐known Wooster temperature data sets are analyzed and compared to nine different extreme value distributions to illustrate the new distribution's bimodality, flexibility, and overall fitness.
Insights into landslide susceptibility in different karst erosion landforms based on interpretable machine learning
Authors: Sun Deliang , Wang Jing , Wen Haijia , Ding Yuekai , Gu Qingyu , Zhang Jialan , Zhang Fengtai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to assess differences in the conditioning factors and the performance of landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM), employing the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) model to gain profound insights into the intrinsic decision‐making mechanism of LSM in diverse landforms. Two typical karst erosion landforms were selected as the research areas. Based on 15 conditioning factors, LSMs for the two areas were developed using the Bayesian optimization random forest (RF) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The SHAP model was used to explore the landslide formation mechanisms from both global and local perspectives. The results show that the area under the curve (AUC) values of the XGBoost models were 0.791 and 0.761, and the AUC values of the RF models were 0.844 and 0.817, in the two different landform areas, respectively. The RF model's accuracy was higher than that of the XGBoost model in both regions. In the low‐elevation hills area, the primary three conditioning factors were identified as slope, topographic relief and distance from the river. Conversely, in the microrelief and mesorelief low mountain area, the predominant conditioning factors were elevation, distance from the river and distance from the road. Both karst landform areas exhibited a high sensitivity to the distance from the river, indicating its significant interaction with other factors contributing to landslide occurrences. Notably, the RF model demonstrated superior performance compared to the XGBoost model, rendering it a more suitable choice for conducting landslide susceptibility mapping research in karst erosion landform areas. In the present study, a comprehensive explanatory framework based on the RF‐SHAP model was proposed, which enables both global and local interpretation of landslides in various karst landscapes. Such an approach explores the intrinsic decision‐making mechanism of the model, enhancing the transparency and realism of landslide susceptibility prediction results.
Machine learning based centralized dynamic clustering algorithm for energy efficient routing in vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Choksi Amit , Shah Mehul 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a dynamic and self‐configure wireless network that connects vehicles to provide in‐vehicle infotainment services and comfort to both driver and passengers while on the move. Due to the highly dynamic environment, patchy connectivity, roadside barriers, and a scarcity of road side units (RSUs); existing routing protocols of VANET consume high energy during route construction. As a consequence, the VANET lifespan might be shortened. However, saving energy is a critical factor where VANET is projected to play a key role in the building of sustainable green infrastructure. Clustering is an imperative process where vehicle nodes join to make stable clusters based on common mobility features. In VANET, clustering‐based routing algorithms significantly improve network effectiveness and reduce infrastructure costs. This article proposes fuzzy c‐means (FM) machine learning‐based dynamic clustering algorithm (DCA) to identify trustworthy vehicles for energy‐efficient multi‐hop routing by considering different mobility parameters such as position, direction, speed, and remaining energy of each vehicle node. This article also proposes distance and power‐based variation of FM called fuzzy c‐means using distance and residual power (FMDP) to find stable cluster heads (CHs) for performing better data dissemination to the destination. The proposed DCA outperforms the existing k‐means based clustering algorithms as well as topology‐based DSR and AODV routing protocols in terms of packet delivery ratio, application throughput, end‐to‐end delay, network energy consumption, node energy consumption, and RSU energy consumption. Additionally, clustering methods FM and FMDP of suggested DCA improve end‐to‐end delay by 20%, application throughput by 5%, and reduce network energy consumption by 68% compared with the k‐means based clustering model.
Who am I—Teacher or practitioner? Teacher‐practitioners’ experience of identity in higher education—A phenomenological view
Authors: Peri Elina , Jõgi Larissa , Remmik Marvi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPractitioners entering academic careers in higher education face many challenges in teacher identity formation. This article is based on ongoing research and aims to understand the phenomenon of experiencing teacher identity in teacher‐practitioners who have interrupted their academic careers in the field of healthcare and social sciences in Estonian higher education institutions. Empirical data was collected using semi‐structured interviews. Data analysis was based on a phenomenological approach and the content analysis method. The experience of the identity of the teacher‐practitioners is contradictory and can be understood as a subjective and collective phenomenon. The findings showed that teacher‐practitioners with a strong specialist identity are not stable in their academic careers. Their identity is characterised by fragility and is associated with decisions to continue or interrupt their academic careers. The study suggests that the efforts of teacher‐practitioners in academic settings need to be professionally supported by the provision of individual, collective and targeted institutional support. The article contributes to studies of professional identity from an interpretative phenomenological perspective.
Attitudes and perceptions about COVID‐19 vaccination in the population with chronic HIV infection: A systematic review
Authors: Shirley Emilia Afonso López , Francisco Jover‐Diaz , Elisabet Delgado Sánchez , Teresa Gea Velázquez de Castro , María Bernabéu Martínez 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐infected population has been increasing during the last 3 years worldwide. Moreover, simultaneously, COVID‐19 vaccine clinical trials were launched. By the end of 2020, the Food and Drug Administration had authorized the emergency use of two messenger RNA vaccines against COVID‐19. These fast‐track vaccine approvals have produced controversy about their safety and efficacy. The purpose of this research was to discover attitudes and perceptions regarding vaccination against COVID‐19 disease among vulnerable groups such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients.MethodsBetween June 2, 2021 and March 4, 2022, we conducted a cross‐sectional study through a survey of high‐risk patients with severe COVID‐19, such as HIV‐infected patients in the Infectious Diseases Unit (Hospital Clínico Universitario San Juan, Alicante). For the data collection strategy, a nonprobabilistic snowball sampling was adopted. A structured, anonymous, self‐administered questionnaire was developed in which questions and statements were designed to evaluate their attitudes and perceptions about COVID‐19 vaccination. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed for the obtained data.ResultsForty‐eight participants were recruited with a mean age of 51.5 ± 11.9 years. Thirty‐nine of them (81.3%) were male. The acceptance rate of COVID‐19 vaccination was extremely high (95.7%). Bivariate analysis showed older patients significantly received a higher proportion of vaccine doses at the time of the survey (p = 0.047). Older patients were more aware of the vaccine safety controversy (61.1%) compared to younger patients (p = 0.054). There were no other significant differences between groups among questions regarding safety, efficacy, or attitudes about COVID‐19 vaccination.ConclusionAn extremely high degree of acceptance for COVID‐19 vaccination was reported. Older patients were more aware of the vaccine safety controversy. Medical staff is the most trustworthy source of information, far above all other sources. Social networks and opinion leaders have not been shown to significantly influence our population.