bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain white matter microstructural changes in chemotherapy‐treated older long‐term breast cancer survivors
Authors: Daniel Ebenezer , Deng Frank , Patel Sunita K. , Sedrak Mina S. , Kim Heeyoung , Razavi Marianne , Sun Can‐Lan , Root James C. , Ahles Tim A. , Dale William , Chen Bihong T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo assess white matter microstructural changes in older long‐term breast cancer survivors 5–15 years post‐chemotherapy treatment.MethodsBreast cancer survivors aged 65 years or older who underwent chemotherapy (C+) and who did not undergo chemotherapy (C−) and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled at time point 1 (TP1) and followed for 2 years for time point 2 (TP2). All participants underwent brain MRI with diffusion tensor images and neuropsychological (NP) testing with the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. Tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis was performed on the diffusion tensor images to assess white matter microstructural changes with the fractional anisotropy (FA) parameter.ResultsThere were significant longitudinal alterations in FA within the C+ group over time. The C+ group showed diminished FA in the body and genu of corpus callosum, anterior corona radiate, and external capsule on both the whole brain and region of interest (ROI) based analyses after p < 0.05 family‐wise error (FWE) correction. However, there were no significant group differences between the groups at TP1. Additionally, at TP1, a positive correlation (R = 0.58, p = 0.04) was observed between the FA value of the anterior corona radiata and the crystallized composite score in the C+ group.ConclusionsBrain white matter microstructural alterations may be the underlying neural correlates of cognitive changes in older breast cancer survivors who had chemotherapy treatment years ago.
A new rectangular dielectric resonator sensor for glucose measurement: Design, modeling, and experimental validation
Authors: Marzouk Hala M. , Hameed Anwer S. Abd El‐ , Allam Ahmed , Pokharel Ramesh K. , Rahman Adel B. Abdel‐ 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis study introduces a novel sensor for glucose measurement based on a rectangular dielectric resonator (RDR) excited by a rectangular slot fed by a 50‐Ω microstrip line. The RDR operates at 6 GHz and incorporates a cubic portion section for accommodating a finger or container containing the test sample. By utilizing the distinctive resonant frequencies associated with varying dielectric permittivity of different glucose concentrations, the proposed RDR functions as a reliable sensor. The sensor's performance is evaluated through a 3D electromagnetic model of the human thumb and the application of the Cole‐Cole method for modeling the blood layer. Experimental validation is conducted using three alternatives (water, glucose, and alcohol) and a range of glucose concentrations (70 to 2000 mg/dL) in simulation. During experimental verification, an invasive glucometer is employed as a reference for blood sugar levels. Results demonstrate that the proposed RDR sensor exhibits higher sensitivity (36.86 MHz/(mg/dL)) than other sensor counterparts. The experimental outcomes confirm the resonance frequency alignment between the manufactured sensor and the simulated projections. Considering its economic viability and applicability, this sensor represents a promising alternative biosensor for monitoring blood glucose levels.
CKAA: Certificateless key‐agreement authentication scheme in digital twin telemedicine environment
Authors: Zhang Jianhong , Wei Jie , Zhang Jianan , Bo Cao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDigital twin (DT) technology provides accurate and real‐time visualization data. It is increasingly used in telemedicine to enhance medical efficiency and improve the precision of remote diagnosis and treatment. In telemedicine, DT is used to collect patients' biomedical data and transmit it to cloud servers through wearable devices for simulation, enabling remote diagnosis and treatment. However, telemedicine poses security threats due to the risk of medical data leaks. The security of medical data in transit and the authentication of communication entities are two key issues in cryptography. To address these issue, we propose a certificateless key agreement authentication scheme that does not rely on traditional public key infrastructure and certificate management, reducing the storage cost of resource‐limited wearable devices and avoiding the use of bilinear pairings to lower computational costs. Our scheme includes two parts of key agreement: one between the patient and the cloud server and the other between the patient and the hospital. Through these key agreements, we can ensure the privacy and integrity of medical data during transmission. Furthermore, we prove that the security of our scheme is equivalent to the elliptic curve discrete logarithm assumption in the random oracle model. Therefore, we provide a secure and efficient certificateless key agreement authentication solution that is suitable in digital twin telemedicine environments, particularly for client devices with limited functionality.
Cardiovascular events after cancer immunotherapy as oncologic emergencies: Analyses of 610 head and neck cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Reyes‐Gibby Cielito C. , Qdaisat Aiham , Ferrarotto Renata , Fadol Anecita , Bischof Jason J. , Coyne Christopher J. , Lipe Demis N. , Hanna Ehab Y. , Shete Sanjay , Abe Jun‐Ichi , Yeung Sai‐Ching J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardio‐oncology and emergency medicine are closely collaborative, as many cardiac events in cancer patients require evaluation and treatment in the emergency department (ED). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a common treatment for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). However, the immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) from ICIs can be clinically significant.MethodsWe reviewed and analyzed cardiovascular diagnoses among HNC patients who received ICI during the period April 1, 2016–December 31, 2020 in a large tertiary cancer center. Demographics, clinical and cancer‐related data were abstracted, and billing databases were queried for cardiovascular disease (CVD)‐related diagnosis using International Classification of Disease‐version10 (ICD‐10) codes. We recorded receipt of care at the ED as one of the outcome variables.ResultsA total of 610 HNC patients with a median follow‐up time of 12.3 months (median, interquartile range = 5–30 months) comprised our study cohort. Overall, 25.7% of patients had pre‐existing CVD prior to ICI treatment. Of the remaining 453 patients without pre‐existing CVD, 31.5% (n = 143) had at least one CVD‐related diagnosis after ICI initiation. Tachyarrhythmias (91 new events) was the most frequent CVD‐related diagnosis after ICI. The time to diagnosis of myocarditis from initiation of ICI occurred the earliest (median 2.5 months, 1.5–6.8 months), followed by myocardial infarction (3.7, 0.5–9), cardiomyopathy (4.5, 1.6–7.3), and tachyarrhythmias (4.9, 1.2–11.4). Patients with myocarditis and tachyarrhythmias mainly presented to the ED for care.ConclusionThe use of ICI in HNC is still expanding and the spectrum of delayed manifestation of ICI‐induced cardiovascular toxicities is yet to be fully defined in HNC survivors.
Microstructural characterization of depth hoar and ice‐crust layers using a micro‐CT, and hypothesis of ice‐crust formation under a thunderstorm
Authors: Li Yuan , Fu Ciao , Keegan Kaitlin , Yang Junhua , Huang Gang , Baker Ian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe microstructural features typical of depth hoar and ice‐crust layers in both blocks of snow and a firn core that were extracted at Summit, Greenland (72°35′ N, 38°25′ W) in June, 2017 have been characterized using x‐ray microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT). In the depth hoar, the density is much lower, and the porosity, pore sizes, and specific surface area (SSA) are greater than those in adjacent layers. In the ice‐crusts, the density and the particle size are greater, and the porosity, pore size, and SSA are less than those in adjacent layers. Note that the mean structure thickness in the depth hoar was greater than that in adjacent layers, but that increase was simply related to the one‐ or two‐dimension ice crystals, that is, needle‐like or plate‐like structures, being included in the measurements for depth hoar. Using related microstructural parameters derived from the micro‐CT data, we propose a model based on refreezing of pre‐melted water (PMW) droplets electrostatically‐transported by the electric field between thunderclouds and the ice sheet created by a thunderstorm that describes the processes of the ice‐crust formation (ICF). Whether the ice‐crust forms with depth hoar depends on both the kinetic energy from the PMW droplets and the latent heat liberated from the freezing of the PMW. This work is the first to build the relationship between the atmosphere and ice sheets by a thunderstorm. Finally, we provide an experimental geophysics‐based method through the ICF under laboratory conditions to learn more about the interaction between atmospheric electrodynamics and thermodynamics.
Temperature‐dependent wear characteristics of ZE41 magnesium alloy under air and inert environments
Authors: Baral S. Kumar , Thawre M. M. , Sunil B. Ratna , Dumpala R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDry sliding wear behaviour of ZE41 magnesium alloy was evaluated under the air and argon environment at room temperature, 125 °C, and 250 °C. The coefficient of friction was increased with increasing the test temperature. At room temperature and 125 °C, the friction coefficient was reduced in the argon environment. However, at 250 °C, the friction coefficient in the argon environment was measured as higher compared to that of the tests conducted in the air environment. The wear rate increased with the increasing temperature. However, a lower wear rate was observed in the case of argon atmosphere than in air for all the test temperatures. Abrasion and delamination were dominant wear mechanisms at room temperature and 125 °C, whereas at 250 °C, thermal softening and shearing were found to be dominant. Furthermore, oxidation wear was observed as the prominent mechanism in the air environment.
Fractal features of fracture centers in heterogeneous materials revealed by discrete element method
Authors: Hilarov V. L. , Damaskinskaya E. E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe discrete element method has been used to explore the formation and evolution of fracture centers in heterogeneous materials under mechanical loading. It was found that these centers were formed near the surface of materials, and their fractal dimension was close to two. The growth of fracture centers leads to an increase in this fractal dimension.The fractal dimension of broken bond centers (elementary acts of destruction) calculated for successive time intervals of 4096 events showed a significant decrease at the times of fracture center formation, which indicates the localization of the fracture process in the plane.
A hybrid forces Quantum Mechanical Charge Field Molecular Dynamics of Cs+ ion in aqueous ammonia: A solvation lability, “structure breaking” phenomenon and hydrogen bond properties
Authors: Hidayat Yuniawan , Prasetyo Niko , Pranowo Harno Dwi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe dynamics and structure of Cs+ solvation in an aqueous ammonia solution have been investigated using the Quantum Mechanical Charge Field Molecular Dynamics (QMCF‐MD) simulation method. The system contained 18.6% ammonia in aqueous solution at 298.15 K. The QM region was set to a radius of 7.0 Å to include the first and second solvation shells. The Hartree‐Fock (HF) level was applied to calculate the ion‐ligand and ligand–ligand interactions in the QM region using the LANL2DZ‐ECP basis set for the ion and DZP‐Dunning for the ligands. The radial distribution revealed only one solvation shell, indicating a labile solvation structure. The various coordination number of ligands suggests an instant exchange between them. The mean residence times of 1.29 and 0.9 ps were less than in the pure water and liquid ammonia system, indicating higher mobility ligands of the aqueous ammonia system. The preferential factor 0.55 supports the hypothesis that the Cs+ ion prefers to be dissolved in water. As the ligands moves further away from the ion, the observed number of hydrogen bonds increases, revealing the “structure‐breaking” property of the Cs+ ion. The minimum angle ligand‐ion‐ligand tends to be higher near the ion, confirming this phenomenon.
Holographic Nano‐Imaging of Terahertz Dirac Plasmon Polaritons in Topological Insulator Antenna Resonators
Authors: Pistore Valentino , Viti Leonardo , Schiattarella Chiara , Wang Zhengtianye , Law Stephanie , Mitrofanov Oleg , Vitiello Miriam S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExcitation of Dirac plasmon polaritons (DPPs) in bi‐dimensional materials have attracted considerable interest in recent years, both from perspectives of understanding their physics and exploring their transformative potential for nanophotonic devices, including ultra‐sensitive plasmonic sensors, ultrafast saturable absorbers, modulators, and switches. Topological insulators (TIs) represent an ideal technological platform in this respect because they can support plasmon polaritons formed by Dirac carriers in the topological surface states. Tracing propagation of DPPs is a very challenging task, particularly at terahertz (THz) frequencies, where the DPP wavelength becomes over one order of magnitude shorter than the free space photon wavelength. Furthermore, severe attenuation hinders the comprehensive analysis of their characteristics. Here, the properties of DPPs in real TI‐based devices are revealed. Bi2Se3 rectangular antennas can efficiently confine the propagation of DPPs to a single dimension and, as a result, enhance the DPPs visibility despite the strong intrinsic attenuation. The plasmon dispersion and loss properties from plasmon profiles are experimentally determined, along the antennas, obtained using holographic near‐field nano‐imaging in a wide range of THz frequencies, from 2.05 to 4.3 THz. The detailed investigation of the unveiled DPP properties can guide the design of novel topological quantum devices exploiting their directional propagation.
Polylysine‐Coated Surfaces Drive Competition in Chemical Reaction Networks to Enable Molecular Information Processing
Authors: Koyuncu A. Hazal , Movilli Jacopo , Sahin Sevil , Kriukov Dmitrii V. , Huskens Jurriaan , Wong Albert S. Y. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the Chemical Reaction Network lab at the University of Twente. The image shows a microfluidic channel with multilayer polylysine surfaces, which provide the potential to bestow an acid‐base equilibrium with the capacity of signal transduction. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/syst.202300030.
Ex- and Enophthalmos: General Aspects
Authors: Mourits Maarten P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExophthalmos and enophthalmos result from a discrepancy between the bony orbital cavity and its soft tissue contents. Exophthalmos arises when the orbital soft tissues enlarge or neoplasms occupy orbital space. Exophthalmos is more frequent than enophthalmos. Well-known causes of exophthalmos are Graves’ orbitopathy, orbital tumors, vascular lesions, and inflammatory diseases of the orbit. An orbital fracture causes a larger than normal orbital cavity and results—when there is no increase of the soft tissues—in an enophthalmos. Other causes of enophthalmos are i.e. silent sinus syndrome, orbital varix, and sclerosing metastasis of a mammary carcinoma.
Dilute axion stars converting to photons in the Milky Way’s magnetic field
Authors: Kyriazis A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper we examine the possibility of dilute axion stars converting to photons in the weak, large-scale magnetic field of the Milky Way and show that they can resonate with the surrounding plasma and produce a sizable signal. We consider two possibilities for the plasma: free electrons and HII regions. In the former case, we argue that the frequency of the photons will be too small to be observed even by space-based radio telescopes. In the latter case, their frequency is larger, safely above the solar wind cut-off. We provide an estimate of the flux as a function of the decay constant and show that for fa< 2 × 1011 GeV, the signal will be above the radio emission of the solar system’s planets and it could potentially be detected by the NCLE instrument which is on board the Chang’e-4 spacecraft. Finally, we calculate the time scale of decay of the axion star and demonstrate that back-reaction can be neglected for all physically interesting values of the decay constant, while the minimum time scale of decay is in the order of a few hours.
Das ACO-Kurrikulum „Chirurgische Onkologie“ – Voraussetzungen zur Teilnahme, Anmeldung und Ablauf
Authors: Vilz Tim O. , Piso Pompiliu , Wahba Roger , Thasler Wolfgang E. , Kleeff Jörg 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungBei soliden Malignomen des Gastrointestinaltrakts ist die operative Entfernung ein zentraler Baustein der multimodalen Therapie und oft die einzige Möglichkeit, eine langfristige Heilung zu erreichen. Während für Fachdisziplinen wie Gynäkologie oder Urologie eine onkologische Subspezialisierung existiert, gibt es für die Viszeralchirurgie in Deutschland nichts Vergleichbares, trotz immer komplexer werdender multidisziplinärer Behandlungsstrategien. Durch das ACO-Kurrikulum „Chirurgische Onkologie“ wurde in Kooperation mit der UEMS ein strukturiertes Weiterbildungskonzept geschaffen, das mit der EBSQ-Prüfung „Surgical Oncology“ als Qualitätskontrolle endet. Dies resultiert in einer Verbesserung der chirurgisch-onkologischen Versorgung in Deutschland. Weiterhin erhalten erfolgreiche Absolventen neben dem ACO-Zertifikat eine Urkunde der UEMS und sind Fellow of the European Board of Surgery (FEBS).
Differential expression of adhesion molecules in sickle cell anemia and gut microbiome effect
Authors: Delgadinho Mariana , Veiga Luísa , Ginete Catarina , Santos Brígida , Miranda Armandina , de Vasconcelos Jocelyne Neto , Brito Miguel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSickle cell anemia (SCA) causes a long-standing vascular inflammation state, leading to endothelial dysfunction and chronic overexpression of several adhesion molecules, which contributes to acute and constant vaso-occlusive (VOC) episodes. It has been demonstrated that hydroxyurea (HU) can reduce VOC events, organ damage, blood transfusions, and even the adhesion properties to endothelial cells of SCA subjects. Due to VOC episodes, these patients are also more susceptible to recurrent bacterial translocation and dysbiosis. Given this, our study aimed to uncover the interplay between adhesion molecules, gut microbiome, and hydroxyurea in a population of Angolan SCA children. Serum and fecal samples were obtained before and after HU treatment in 35 children. After HU, four of these adhesion molecules were significantly reduced: sE-selectin (p = 0.002), ADAMTS13 (p = 0.023), sICAM-1 (p = 0.003), and sVCAM-1 (p = 0.018). A positive correlation was observed between the number of neutrophils and sICAM-1, platelets, and sP-selectin, and also between leukocytes, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1. Most taxa showing a significant correlation mainly belonged to the Clostridiales order. Specifically, from the Clostridium genera, the groups g19, g21, and g34 were all negatively correlated with HbF levels; g19, g21, and g24 positively correlated with leukocytes; g19 positively with neutrophils and sVCAM-1; and g34 positively with E- and P-selectin. Serratia, an opportunistic pathogen, was positively correlated with sE-selectin and sICAM-1 levels. Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between sP-selectin and Bifidobacterium. Research studies in this area could improve our understanding and contribute to finding new prognostic biomarkers to guarantee precise SCA patient stratification and predict severe complications.
Numerical investigation of agent-controlled pedestrian dynamics using a structure-preserving finite volume scheme
Authors: Pietschmann Jan-Frederik , Stötzner Ailyn , Winkler Max 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe provide a numerical realization of an optimal control problem for pedestrian motion with agents that was analyzed in Herzog et al. (Appl. Math. Optim. 88(3):87, 2023). The model consists of a regularized variant of Hughes’ model for pedestrian dynamics coupled to ordinary differential equations that describe the motion of agents which are able to influence the crowd via attractive forces. We devise a finite volume scheme that preserves the box constraints that are inherent in the model and discuss some of its properties. We apply our scheme to an objective functional tailored to the case of an evacuation scenario. Finally, numerical simulations for several practically relevant geometries are performed.
Effect of use of NSAIDs or steroids during the acute phase of pain on the incidence of chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials
Authors: Huo Luyao , Liu Gang , Deng Bowen , Xu Lin , Mo Yanjun , Jiang Shengyuan , Tao Jingwei , Bai Huizhong , Wang Li , Yang Xiaoxiao , Yang Jizhou , Mu Xiaohong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
This study is the first to summarize the evidence on how the use of anti-inflammatory drugs during acute pain has an impact on the development of chronic pain.

Methods
Randomized controlled trials retrieved from nine databases included anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs or steroids) versus non-anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with acute pain and reported the incidence of chronic pain. No specified date, age, sex, or language restrictions. Subgroup analyses were performed according to pain classification, follow-up time, and medication. The GRADE method was used to evaluate quality of evidence.

Results
A total of 29 trials (5220 patients) were included. Steroids or NSAIDs did not reduce the incidence of chronic nociceptive pain. Steroid use in acute phase significantly reduced the incidence of chronic neuropathic pain. In subgroup analysis, benefits were observed for methylprednisolone and dexamethasone, with some adverse effects. Steroids or NSAIDs were statistically significant in reducing pain intensity over 1 year, but the effect size was too small, and whether the long-term effect is clinically relevant needs to be further studied.

Conclusion
Quality of the evidence was low to moderate. No drug can be recommended to prevent chronic nociceptive pain. Injections of steroids (methylprednisolone or dexamethasone) during the acute phase reduce the incidence of chronic neuropathic pain, but most included studies also used local anesthetics. The results are indirect and need to be interpreted with caution. The pooled data effect sizes for pain intensity were small, so the clinical relevance was unclear.
Study registration PROSPERO (CRD42022367030).