bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipid-enriched reduced nutrient culture medium improves bovine blastocyst formation
Authors: Pasquariello Rolando , Zhang Mingxiang , Herrick Jason R , Ermisch Alison F , Becker John , Schoolcraft William B , Barfield Jennifer P , Yuan Ye , Krisher Rebecca L 
Published: November 2023

The refinement of embryo culture media is essential in improving embryo viability and in vitro production efficiency. Our previous work demonstrated that the nutrients (carbohydrates, amino acids, and vitamins) in traditional culture media far exceed the need for an embryo and producing developmentally competent embryos in a reduced nutrient environment is feasible. Here, we aim to evaluate the impact of exogenous lipid and l-carnitine supplementation on bovine blastocyst development and refine our RN condition further. Zygotes were cultured in the control medium (100% nutrients) and reduced nutrient media containing 6.25% of the standard nutrient concentrations supplemented with l-carnitine and lipid-free or lipid-rich BSA. Increased blastocyst development was observed in the reduced nutrient lipid-rich medium compared to the other two groups. However, in both reduced nutrient conditions, blastocyst cell numbers were lower than those obtained in the control condition. We then examined the expression level of 18 transcripts correlated with lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, redox balance, and embryo quality, along with mitochondrial DNA copy numbers, ATP productions, and lipid profile. The results indicated that lipid metabolism, embryo quality, and redox enzyme-related genes were upregulated while the glucose-related gene was downregulated in embryos derived from reduced nutrient lipid-rich condition. Finally, we identified that the lipid-rich BSA has enriched linoleic, stearic, oleic, palmitic, and alpha-linoleic fatty acids, a lipid profile that may contribute to the increased lipid metabolism and improved blastocyst development of the bovine embryos under the reduced nutrient condition.

Lay summary
Assisted conception is a vital technique for cattle breeding. Embryos can be produced by IVF and grow in a special substance known as embryo culture medium. Previous studies suggested that culture medium with a high level of nutrients may have a negative impact on embryo growth. Here, we developed a special culture medium with very low levels of carbohydrates, amino acids, and vitamins, which contained more lipids and a special compound, to make it easier for lipids to move into the cells. The cattle embryos in this culture medium used more lipids and less glucose, and develop much better than ones in the culture medium with high levels of nutrients. Our work provides a unique model to study embryo metabolism and to help improve culture medium.
Derechos de las Mujeres en el siglo XXI: Avances y Retrocesos
Authors: Salgado Silva Maritza , Giusti Minotre Fannella 
Published: November 2023

En Costa Rica, los derechos de las mujeres en el siglo XXI han experimentado tanto avances significativos como desafíos persistentes. En este ensayo, se analizan los logros y retrocesos en la promoción de la igualdad de género y los derechos de las mujeres en el contexto actual, ante el desarrollo de un modelo de sociedad neoliberal, el surgimiento de discursos conservadores y una revivificación del neomachismo en sectores de la sociedad costarricense.
El análisis se basa en la revisión bibliográfica de fuentes oficiales como el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INEC), el Observatorio de la Violencia de Género contra las Mujeres y Acceso a la Justicia del Poder Judicial, El Estado de la Nación, ONU MUJERES, Instituto Nacional de las Mujeres (INAMU) entre otras, para obtener datos actualizados sobre de situación de las mujeres en Costa Rica.
Se contemplan los logros alcanzados en el nivel nacional, así como los aportes de las universidades públicas, en particular la Universidad Nacional, en la construcción de una sociedad más igualitaria y libre de violencias de género, mediante la introducción de los estudios de las mujeres y de género. De igual manera se realiza un balance de los rezagos y deudas pendientes que limitan la igualdad.
Este ensayo pretende promover la conciencia sobre la importancia de la igualdad de género y el empoderamiento de las mujeres, así como destacar la necesidad de acciones concretas para garantizar y fortalecer los derechos de las féminas en todas las esferas de la sociedad.
Los Encuentros Internacionales Artísticos Humanistas (2015-2023), un Espacio para Soñar
Authors: Carrillo Carlos Morúa 
Published: November 2023

Este artículo tiene el propósito de descubrir cuáles son los grandes aprendizajes que obtienen los participantes en los Encuentros Internacionales Artísticos Humanistas y revela la manera solidaria y de equipo con la que se trabaja para mantener estos espacios con tampoco recursos. Estos eventos reúnen a bailarines, coreógrafos y agrupaciones de diversas partes del país. El arte del movimiento es el pretexto para realizar un intercambio con maestros nacionales e internacionales de América Latina y al calor de la danza realizar talleres, espectáculos y conversatorios en varias partes del país. El esfuerzo de este evento es colectivo porque varias instituciones universitarias, comunales y colegios trabajan en conjunto, logrando una labor en equipo digno de resaltar, en beneficio de las poblaciones que a través del arte, han logrado obtener experiencias que les permite experimentar por medio de la danza de una manera transformadora, con aprendizajes diversos tanto por los talleres que reciben con diferentes maestros, como en la participación en espectáculos en conjunto, así como por el interacción que se efectúa en diferentes momentos. En aspectos un poco más sutiles se produce un gran intercambio intercultural gracias al mosaico de obras que se presentan y donde se ve reflejada la Costa Rica actual, que es calypso, que es folclore, que es baile popular, que también es danza contemporánea, cada comunidad muestra su trabajo artístico, pero ven orgullosos todo lo que somos y se ve reflejado en las obras.
Diabetes in Pregnancy, Neonatal Morbidities, and Early Growth in Moderate or Late Preterm Infants
Authors: Buck Catherine O. , Shabanova Veronika , Clark Reese H. , Taylor Sarah N. 
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVES
To compare differences in short term morbidities and early growth among moderate and late preterm infants of mothers with and without diabetes (DM) in pregnancy.

METHODS
In a longitudinal analysis using data from the Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse of preterm infants (born 32 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks) discharged from neonatal intensive care units from 2008 to 2019, health characteristics were compared between DM exposure groups. Change in growth from birth to discharge were compared using linear mixed effects modeling.

RESULTS
Among 301 499 moderate and late preterm infants in the analysis, 14% (N = 42 519) were exposed to DM in pregnancy. Incidence of congenital anomalies, hypoglycemia, and hyperbilirubinemia were higher in DM-group (P &lt; .001), and DM-group was more likely to need respiratory support in the first postnatal days (P = .02). Percent weight change from birth differed by gestational age, such that 36-week DM-group infants remained on average 2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.57 to 2.41) below birth weight on day 14, whereas 32-week DM-group infants were on average 2.1% (95% CI: 1.69 to 2.51) above birth weight on day 14. In the regression analysis, DM-group had faster weight loss in the first postnatal week when stratified by gestational age. The adjusted difference in weight velocity (g per day) from days 0 to 3 was −4.5 (95% CI: −5.1 to −3.9), −6.5 (95% CI: −7.4 to −5.7), and -7.2 (95% CI: −8.2 to −6.2) for infants born 34-, 35-, and 36-weeks, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
In moderate or late preterm infants, diabetes in pregnancy is associated with common neonatal morbidities. Examination of intensive care nutritional practices may identify reasons for observed differences in weight trajectories by gestational age and diabetes exposure.
Role of periodontal pathogens in atherosclerotic plaque development and progression: An overview
Authors: Rao Amita , Kumar Ballamoole Krishna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a progressive disease marked by the accumulation of lipids and fibrous components in the large arteries. It is one of the primary causes of heart disease and stroke. Periodontal diseases encompass conditions like gingivitis and periodontitis, which are multifactorial diseases associated with dysbiotic plaque biofilms that trigger an immune-inflammatory host response, eventually resulting in the destruction of periodontal tissues. Links between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis may be based on direct invasion of periodontal pathogens or inflammatory mechanisms triggered by bacteria related to periodontal lesions, locally or systemically, that may impact the initiation of the atherosclerotic lesion. The presence of periodontal pathogens within an atheromatous lesion implies hematogenous dissemination. The invasion of atheroma by periodontal pathogens results in changes in the proatherogenic and proinflammatory properties of endothelial cells, leading to endothelial dysfunction, which is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Clinical and epidemiological studies have offered sufficient evidence of periodontitis having an adverse effect on systemic health, including atherosclerosis; however, a direct causal effect has not yet been proved. This review aims to analyse scientific results regarding the mechanism by which periodontal pathogens may cause atherosclerosis as well as to describe the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in atherosclerotic plaque development and progression.
Subtle pulmonary interstitial emphysema in attempted suicide by ingestion of a cleaning product: Computed Tomography features
Authors: Belloni Elena , Lucev Federica , Stoppa Davide , Casazza Alberto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) is a rare condition most commonly encountered in mechanically ventilated patients, either infants or adults. This condition can also be diagnosed in blunt chest trauma or other conditions while performing Valsalva-like maneuvers and is often associated with pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema. We present the case of a patient with subtle PIE, subcutaneous emphysema and massive pneumomediastinum after protracted vomiting following a suicidal attempt by caustic ingestion. Radiologists should be aware of the potentially subtle Computed Tomography features of PIE in order to make the correct diagnosis and rule out other tracheobronchial and esophageal injuries.
Determinants of Job Satisfaction among Nurses from Chilean Hospitals
Authors: Simonetti Marta , Sáez Leyla 
Published: November 2023

Objective. To measure, at the national scope, the satisfaction of Chilean nurses working in hospitals, and establish personal and institutional determinants associated with satisfaction.
Methods. Cross-sectional multicenter study, carried out in 40 public and private high-complexity hospitals in Chile. A self-administered survey was conducted with 1,632 clinical nurses from medical-surgical units. The variables of interest studied were: job satisfaction, personal determinants (sex, age, and postgraduate training), institutional organizational determinants (assignments and work environment, measured through the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index), and institutional structural determinants. Data analysis applied hierarchical logistic regression models, with three blocks of determinants, following nested models design.
Results. The study showed that 21% of the nurses is very satisfied with their job. Training opportunities and professional growth are specific work aspects with which there is a lower percentage of nurses satisfied (10% and 11.2%, respectively). Among the personal factors, male sex and age are associated positively with satisfaction (p<0.05). Among the institutional organizational factors, a good work environment was associated with greater satisfaction (p<0.001); the number of patients per nurse was associated marginally with satisfaction (p<0.05). The structural factors of hospitals were not associated with satisfaction.
Conclusion. A low proportion of nurses working in the high-complexity hospitals studied are satisfied with their job. Planning of strategies must be prioritized, leading to improving the retention of nurses, reducing the number of patients per nurse, and promoting good work environments in hospitals.
Dynamics of Nutritional Indices in Fifth Instar Silkworm Bombyx Mori L. Parasitized with Beauveria Bassiana
Authors: Syeda Fakrunnisa Begum  , G. Savithri  
Published: November 2023

Silkworm Bombyx mori is a small economically significant insect. Due to domestication for centuries, silkworms have become very gentle and subtle to the environmental conditions and micro-pathological agents which affect its metabolism, the food intake, dietary utilization, dietary efficiency, morpho-nutritional parameters such as olfactory organs and gene expression in the silkworm. Hence, the present research was focused to comprehend the dynamic changes in the nutritional parameters amalgamating the effects of infection of Beauveria bassiana in 5th instar silkworm compared to untreated silkworms. For the current investigation, the popular silkworm race bivoltine double hybrid (CSR2 X CSR27) X (CSR6 X CSR 26) was chosen. Various nutritional parameters such as ingestion of mulberry leaf, digestion, excretion, approximate digestibility, consumption index and reference ratio were estimated based on the dry weight of mulberry. The results indicated that food consumption, digestion of food ingested and excreta decreased in Beauveria bassiana parasitized silkworms. No significant variation was noticed in approximate digestibility and reference ratio from the first day to the fifth day of the instar, but on the sixth day, a significant drop in these two parameters was noticed compared to unparasitized worms. The consumption index was recorded higher in the experimental batch.
COMMUNICATION PEDAGOGIQUE MEDIATISEE
Authors: Belahrache Abdelhafid , Lamihi Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

Les transformations socio-éducatives que le monde a connues pendant et au lendemain de la Covid-19 ont exigé une nouvelle pensée professionnelle, une grande mobilité des outils numériques, une orientation vers la mise en œuvre des processus de socialisation et de professionnalisation de l'individu, l'humanisation et la démocratisation du processus pédagogique. En effet, l’école est appelée à adapter et repenser sa structure et ses pratiques pour permettre aux individus d’accomplir leurs actuelles et futures fonctions dans la société. À cet égard, les réalisations professionnelles et sociales d'une personne dépendent largement des compétences professionnelles et des compétences de communication en particulier. Les compétences en communication constituent des compétences importantes des acteurs en action (enseignant et apprenants). Elles assurent l'accomplissement des fonctions de la communication pédagogique, le contenu de l'activité pédagogique et donnent une idée du niveau de culture professionnelle et communicative de ces acteurs éducatifs. L’introduction des outils numériques, didacticiels ou en ligne (plateformes) dans la communication pédagogique, a généré de nouvelles pratiques et un changement de relation enseignant-apprenant. Dans cette communication, nous étudierons le rapport des TIC à la communication pédagogique à l’ère et post COVID-19, ainsi que la relation enseignant (tuteur) et l’apprenant dans une communication pédagogique médiatisée en classe de langue. Et ce, en s’appuyant sur des enquêtes et des rapports des recherches menées dans le contexte marocain.
Effects of Season, Productive State, Age and Agro-ecology on Blood Biochemical Characteristics of Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Natural Browsing Environment
Authors: Roba W.J. , Yisehak K.K. , Asrat A.G. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Blood biochemistry and reference intervals assist in distinguishing between healthy and productive camels as well as providing information for nutritional conditions, evaluation and monitoring when they are allowed to browse naturally; nevertheless, these intervals are frequently collected from animals of varying ages. The nutritional condition and biochemical markers of dromedary camels in pastoral systems in southern Ethiopia were investigated in this study, which took season, animal status, age and environmental variables into consideration. Methods: A total of 36 camels were divided into three groups based on their age ( greater than 8 years, 5-8 years, or less than 5 years) and productive state (milking, pregnant and young) in two environments (two herds in arid and semi-arid areas). Blood samples were collected from animals’ neck jugular veins, centrifuged and frozen for analysis. The samples were centrifuged (3000 rpm for 10 min) immediately after their arrival at the laboratory. Serum concentrations of glucose, protein, urea, creatinine, triglycerides and cholesterol were measured using spectrophotometry. Result: This study shows that glucose (91.33+7.30 mg/dl), total protein (7.17+0.15 mg/dl) and triglyceride (75.28+5.38 mg/dl) concentrations were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) during the rainy season, whereas urea (32.06+1.18 mg/l) and creatinine levels were significantly higher during the dry season. The study reveals increased glucose, total protein and triglyceride concentrations in camels during the rainy season, while urea and creatinine levels were higher during the dry season. Arid camels had lower serum concentrations of total protein and urea. Milking and pregnant camels had lower total serum protein, triglyceride and cholesterol levels.
Effect of Molecular Structure of Thio-Chemicals on Corrosion Inhibition in CO2 Corrosive Environments
Authors: Yang Jiang , Wang Xintong , Wang Yefei , Yang Zhen 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is frequently present in oil and gas fields, and its use in CO2 flooding for enhanced oil recovery is growing. However, CO2 is highly corrosive to steel in oilfield fluid. The effective and economical method for controlling corrosion is the addition of corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel materials. Thio-compounds of small size have shown potential as corrosion inhibitors to enhance the performance of imidazoline inhibitors. In this study, several small thio-derivatives inhibitors including mercaptoethanol (ME), thiourea (TU), mercaptoacetic acid (TGA), and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI) were compared to inhibit the CO2 corrosion. They were used as synergists to enhance corrosion inhibition of oleic imidazoline (OIM) on carbon steel in CO2-saturated brine at 60°C. The corrosion inhibition was evaluated using weight loss and electrochemical techniques, while the surface was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Additionally, quantum chemical calculations were conducted to investigate the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. The results demonstrate that the MBI, with its aromatic group, exhibited superior corrosion inhibition performance compared with ME, TGA, and TU. The surface characterization revealed no pitting and localized corrosion at 10 ppm of inhibitor. A proposed interaction model suggests that OIM becomes protonated and forms a coadsorption layer with MBI on the carbon steel surface through electrostatic attraction. MBI adsorbs onto iron through a bidentate binding-N-S-bridge connection, effectively preventing carbon steel corrosion in the CO2 environments. This research contributes to establishing a structure-properties relationship for thio-chemicals, aiding in the development of more efficient corrosion inhibitors.
Fiber Stiffness: An Essential Parameter of the Effectiveness of Fiber-Based Lost Circulation Materials—A CFD-DEM Numerical Investigation
Authors: Henriques Cassian , Dahi Taleghani Arash 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Fiber materials have become an attractive choice for lost circulation material (LCM) applications recently. While there has been significant attention on the size, aspect ratio, and size distribution of fibers, the stiffness or basically the effect of their deformability on the sealing capability has not been studied rigorously. Experimental evaluations of fibers with different material properties could be a cumbersome, time-consuming, and expensive process. Most laboratory studies are limited to one or just a few different types of materials. Hence, a novel two-way-coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM)-based numerical model is used to overcome this limitation and to simulate motion, collision, deformation, and finally entanglement of individual LCM fibers moving with the fluid along a fracture. Fiber stiffness is determined by the Young’s modulus, the fiber diameter, and the fiber length. Therefore, we investigate this effect in a parametric study with a focus on the impact of the length, diameter, and Young’s modulus of the fiber on their sealing capability. An in-depth analysis reveals that the bridging mechanism for fiber LCM changes with the stiffness of the fiber. Two distinct bridging mechanisms dependent on the fiber stiffness for fiber LCMs are identified. Based on the simulation results, we developed a conceptual model for the different mechanisms that fibers use for bridge initiation. It is also observed that in determining LCM effectiveness, both the fiber stiffness and the fiber dimensions go hand in hand. Stiff fibers were associated with greater maximum plugging pressures (MPPs). The effect of using a mix of soft and stiff fibers on fracture plugging effectiveness has been evaluated. The fiber LCM effectiveness as a consequence of the bending stiffness on bridging larger fractures is also investigated.

Key Terms and Phrases
lost circulation materials; fibers; fracture sealing; bridging mechanism