bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Decision to Repurchase Debt
Authors: Kruse Timothy , Nohel Tom , Todd Steven K. 
Published: October 2023

The authors examined the market reaction to announcements of 208 corporate offers to repurchase outstanding debt during the period 1989–1996. In most tender offers, debtholders receive either a fixed price or a fixed spread over a benchmark Treasury security, or a range of prices based on a Dutch Auction. In most cases, management cites as its main motive the desire to reduce leverage and/or interest expense. But such tender offers are also often—in fact, in 70% of cases—accompanied by consent payments intended to induce bondholders to vote to remove covenant restrictions.The authors found that tender offers are wealth‐increasing events, with positive average market reactions of almost 1.5%. But the means of funding has a major impact on the market reaction. Whereas tender offers financed with equity receive a neutral market response, those offers financed with the proceeds from asset sales are associated with equity announcement returns of 3.8%. What's more, shareholders respond positively to the removal of covenants, especially asset sale covenants, with abnormal returns averaging 11% in such cases.Before their offers, companies that tender for their debt tend to have less cash and more long‐term debt than comparable companies, and to have lower operating returns and to trade at a discount to their peers. But after the tender offer, assets increase, operating returns improve, and the tendering firms trade at a premium.
Bidirectional sex‐change behavior and physiological aspects in the Gorgeous goby Lythrypnus pulchellus (Gobiidae)
Authors: Muñoz‐Arroyo Sayuri , Guerrero‐Tortolero Danitzia A. , Hernández‐Olalde Liliana , Balart Eduardo F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Gorgeous goby Lythrypnus pulchellus shows extreme sexual plasticity with the bidirectional sex‐change ability socially controlled in adults. Therefore, this study describes how the hierarchical status affects hormone synthesis through newborn hormone waste products in water and tests the influence of body size and social dominance establishment in sex reversal duration and direction. The associated changes in behavior and hormone levels are described under laboratory conditions in male–male and female–female pairs of similar and different body sizes, recording the changes until spawning. The status establishment occurred in a relatively shorter time period in male and female pairs of different sizes (1–3 days) compared to those of similar size (3–5 days), but the earlier one did not significantly affect the overall time of sex change (verified by pair spawning). The changes in gonads, hormones, and papilla occurred in sex‐changer individuals, but the first one was observed in behavior. Courtship started at 3–5 days in male pairs and from 2 h to 1 day in female pairs of both groups of different and similar sizes. Hormones did not gradually move in the new sexual phenotype direction during the sex‐change time course. Nonetheless, estradiol regulated sex change and 11‐ketotestosterone enabled bidirectional sex change and was modulated by agonistic interactions. Cortisol is associated with status and gonadal sex change. In general, similar mechanisms underlie sex change in both directions with a temporal change sequence in phases. These results shed new light on sex‐change mechanisms. Further studies should be performed to determine whether these localized changes exist in the steroid hormone synthesis along the brain–pituitary gonad axis during social and bidirectional sex changes in L. pulchellus.
Neural operator for structural simulation and bridge health monitoring
Authors: Kaewnuratchadasorn Chawit , Wang Jiaji , Kim Chul‐Woo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInfusing deep learning with structural engineering has received widespread attention for both forward problems (structural simulation) and inverse problems (structural health monitoring). Based on Fourier neural operator, this study proposes VINO (Vehicle–Bridge Interaction Neural Operator) to serve as a surrogate model of bridge structures. VINO learns mappings between structural response fields and damage fields. In this study, vehicle–bridge interaction (VBI)–finite element (FE) data set was established by running parametric FE simulations of the VBI system, considering a random distribution of the structural initial damage field. Subsequently, vehicle‐bridge interaction (VB)–experimental (EXP) dataset was produced by conducting an experimental study under four damage scenarios. After VINO was pretrained by VBI‐FE and fine‐tuned by VBI‐EXP from the bridge at the healthy state, the model achieved the following two improvements. First, forward VINO can predict structural responses from damage field inputs more accurately than the FE model. Second, inverse VINO can determine, localize, and quantify damages in all scenarios, validating the accuracy and efficiency of data‐driven approaches.
Serum C‐reactive protein is associated with earlier mortality across different interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Stock Carmel J. W. , Bray William G. , Kouranos Vasilis , Jacob Joseph , Kokosi Maria , George Peter M. , Chua Felix , Wells Athol U. , Sestini Piersante , Renzoni Elisabetta A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe acute‐phase protein C‐reactive protein (CRP) is known to be associated with poor outcomes in cancer and cardiovascular disease, but there is limited evidence of its prognostic implications in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). We therefore set out to test whether baseline serum CRP levels are associated with mortality in four different ILDs.MethodsIn this retrospective study, clinically measured CRP levels, as well as baseline demographics and lung function measures, were collected for ILD patients first presenting to the Royal Brompton Hospital between January 2010 and December 2019. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the relationship with 5‐year mortality.ResultsPatients included in the study were: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) n = 422, fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (fHP) n = 233, rheumatoid arthritis associated ILD (RA‐ILD) n = 111 and Systemic Sclerosis associated ILD (SSc‐ILD) n = 86. Patients with a recent history of infection were excluded. Higher CRP levels were associated with shorter 5‐year survival in all four disease groups on both univariable analyses, and after adjusting for age, gender, smoking history, immunosuppressive therapy and baseline disease severity (IPF: HR (95% CI): 1.3 (1.1–1.5), p = 0.003, fHP: 1.5 (1.2–1.9), p = 0.001, RA‐ILD: 1.4 (1.1–1.84), p = 0.01 and SSc‐ILD: 2.7 (1.6–4.5), p < 0.001).ConclusionHigher CRP levels are independently associated with reduced 5‐year survival in IPF, fHP, RA‐ILD and SSc‐ILD.
Comparing transfusion practice at multiple hospitals using electronically collected and analysed data
Authors: D'Souza Ross , Dhesi Amanpreet Singh , Pendry Kate , Charlton Andrew , Staples Sophie , Watkins Nicholas A. , Murphy Michael F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundComparisons of transfusion practice between organisations are time‐consuming using manual methods for data collection. We performed a feasibility study to determine whether large‐scale transfusion data from three English hospitals could be combined to allow comparisons of transfusion practice.MethodsClinical, laboratory and transfusion data from patients discharged between 1 April 2016 and 31 March 2017 were extracted from Patient Administration Systems (PAS), Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS), and electronic transfusion systems at three NHS hospitals, which are academic medical centres based in large cities outside London. A centralised database and business intelligence software were used to compare the data.ResultsThe dataset contained 748 982 episodes of patient care with 91 410 blood components transfused. The study confirms the results of previous studies finding peaks in the ages of transfusion in the 0–4 years age range, in women of childbearing ages, and in males over 60 years. The number of components transfused per 1000 bed days was used as a standardised comparator. Red cell utilisation was 42.4, 40.4 and 49.5 units/1000 bed days and platelet utilisation 11.69, 7.76, and 11.66 units/1000 bed days. 60.5% (6848/11 310) of Group O D negative red cell units were transfused to non‐group O D negative recipients. An analysis of component usage highlighted variations in practice, for example platelet usage for cardiac surgery varied from 2.4% to 7.3% across the three hospitals.ConclusionThis feasibility study demonstrates that large electronic datasets from hospitals can be combined to identify areas for targeted interventions to improve transfusion practice.
New Stability Results for Multiserver-job Models via Product-form Saturated Systems
Authors: Grosof Isaac , Harchol-Balter Mor , Scheller-Wolf Alan 
Published: October 2023

Multiserver-job (MSJ) models are increasingly common in today's datacenters. In these models, each job runs on multiple servers concurrently, for some duration. The most common service ordering for jobs is First-Come First-Served (FCFS). Unfortunately, MSJ FCFS models are hard to analyze, and even the stability region of MSJ FCFS models is not well understood.
Stability has only been analyzed in the case where all jobs have independent exponentially-distributed durations with the same mean (the "single duration" setting). This does not allow, however, for modeling the common situation where jobs with higher server need (number of servers required) also have higher expected duration. This paper provides the first analysis of stability for MSJ FCFS models in the two-class setting, where each class of jobs has its own server need and its own exponentially-distributed duration.
To analyze stability, we make use of the saturated system, whose throughput determines the stability region. While the saturated system has been useful in deriving stability regions in the past, it has never been applied in settings where jobs occupy multiple servers. By looking at the saturated system in a new light, we find that its solution has an attractive product form in the two-class setting, and a different product form in the single-duration setting, both novel results. Besides solving our problem, this product form may also serve as a gateway to analyzing other complex models.
Abstract 565: Ambulatory Percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty: A Resource For Low-income Countries.
Authors: Cruz Licurgo J , Gutierrez Anthony , Wu Ka , Grullon Helio , Lopez Yanely 
Published: October 2023

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is today's most widely used coronary revascularization technique. By 2020, more than 965,000 PCI were performed in the United States, and an exponential increase in this type of procedure is expected. This implies a significant occupation of beds in hospital centers, with the consequent increase in waiting list time, cost per procedure, and demand for personnel resulting in lower quality of care in patients with medical emergencies. Technological advances have reduced the incidence of significant complications, and hospital stays after the intervention, allowing to consider discharge from the hospital on the same day of the procedure in selected low-complexity patients with a high satisfaction rate. Therefore, we aim to describe the short-term safety of ambulatory percutaneous coronary intervention in low-income countries.
A prospective observational single-center with a population of patients who underwent percutaneous coronary angioplasties in Santiago, Dominican Republic. between August 2019 and May 2022. Low-risk for complication patients were selected and discharged 6-12 hours after the procedure.Phone follow-up was done on the seventh and fourteenth days, with an additional follow-up on day thirty for clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic evaluation, in search of signs and symptoms of complications derived from the procedure.
With a total of 81 patients in which, 61.73% were male with a mean age of 64.74 (SD 10.98) years, 29.63% had a clinical indication for angioplasty due to stable ischemic disease, 66.67% due to unstable angina, and 3.70% due to non-ST • elevation acute coronary syndrome. As for the access, 95.06% was radial, 3.70% femoral access, and 1.23% cubital. Three patients presented punction hematomas. Only 1 (1.23%) of the patients presented dyspnea after the procedure. Only 1 (1.23%) suggested changes in the electrocardiogram, none of the participants had to interrupt the outpatient protocol and require hospital admission, and none presented signs or symptoms suggestive of worsening clinical such as less tolerance to exercise, respiratory distress, angina pectoris at rest or with exertion or changes in the echocardiogram.
The collection of the genus Mispila Pascoe, 1864 housed in the Natural History Museum, London (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: XIE GUANGLIN , BARCLAY MAXWELL V. L. , WANG WENKAI 
Published: October 2023

Data on the collection of the genus Mispila Pascoe, 1864 (Lamiinae, Pteropliini) deposited in the Natural History Museum, London are presented. Mispila (s. str.) auguralis Pascoe, 1878 is removed from synonymy with Mispila (s. str.) venosa Pascoe, 1864 and considered as a subspecies: Mispila (s. str.) venosa auguralis Pascoe, 1878 stat. rev.. Lectotypes are designated for Mispila (s. str.) obscura Gahan, 1890 and Mispila (Dryusa) flexuosa (Pascoe, 1864). The variation of Mispila venosa venosa Pascoe, 1864 is shown. A total of 20 valid species/subspecies are listed.
Surgical Treatment of an Unusual Ski Injury: Combined Tibial Fracture With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Avulsion and Segond Lesion
Authors: Monaco Edoardo , Cavaignac Etienne , Criseo Natale , Annibaldi Alessandro , Cantagalli Matteo , Pucciatti Rita , Carrozzo Alessandro , Feretti Andrea 
Published: October 2023

Background: Alpine skiing is considered to be a high-risk sport due to frequent knee injuries and lower limb fractures. The most common lower limb fracture is tibial shaft fracture, while the most common ligament injuries include anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or medial collateral ligament tears. An injury rarely described in the literature is the association of a bony leg fracture with an ACL injury and Segond fracture. Indications: While the tibial fracture can be managed with intermedullary nailing and proximal ACL tears can be managed with primary repair, the combination of treatments including fixation of the Segond fracture is uncommon. Technique Description: We report combination treatment with nailing for the tibial fracture, primary repair for the ACL avulsion, and primary fixation of Segond fracture. Results: Simultaneous reduction and fixation of the fracture and stabilization of the knee with ACL and anterolateral ligament repair in a single stage resulted in an excellent outcome with complete healing of tibial fracture, ACL repair, and Segond fixation at final follow-up. Discussion/Conclusion: Even if combined leg fracture associated with ipsilateral ACL tear and Segond fracture is a very rare injury, the described technique based on 1-stage fixation of the 3 injuries is a viable option. This surgical technique can be considered a reparative treatment, with the goal of preserving the joint. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
FLARE: a fast and flexible workflow for identifying RNA editing foci
Authors: Kofman Eric , Yee Brian , Medina-Munoz Hugo C. , Yeo Gene W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Fusion of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to RNA base-editing enzymes (such as APOBEC1 or ADAR) has emerged as a powerful tool for the discovery of RBP binding sites. However, current methods that analyze sequencing data from RNA-base editing experiments are vulnerable to false positives due to off-target editing, genetic variation and sequencing errors.

Results
We present FLagging Areas of RNA-editing Enrichment (FLARE), a Snakemake-based pipeline that builds on the outputs of the SAILOR edit site discovery tool to identify regions statistically enriched for RNA editing. FLARE can be configured to analyze any type of RNA editing, including C to U and A to I. We applied FLARE to C-to-U editing data from a RBFOX2-APOBEC1 STAMP experiment, to show that our approach attains high specificity for detecting RBFOX2 binding sites. We also applied FLARE to detect regions of exogenously introduced as well as endogenous A-to-I editing.

Conclusions
FLARE is a fast and flexible workflow that identifies significantly edited regions from RNA-seq data. The FLARE codebase is available at https://github.com/YeoLab/FLARE.
Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the trauma-specific frailty index (TSFI) for geriatric trauma patients
Authors: Bai Ding-Xi , Liang Yun , Wu Chen‐Xi , Hou Chao-ming , Gao Jing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Pre-traumatic frailty in geriatric trauma patients has caught attention from emergency medical workers and the assessment of it thus become one of the important aspects of risk management. Several tools are available to identify frailty, but limited tools have been validated for geriatric trauma patients in China to assess pre-traumatic frailty.The aim of this study is to translate the Trauma-Specific Frailty Index(TSFI) into Chinese, and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the translated version in geriatric trauma patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted. The TSFI was translated with using the Brislin model, that included forward and backward translation. A total of 184 geriatric trauma patients were recruited by a convenience sampling between October and December 2020 in Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan. Using reliability or internal consistency tests assessed with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability. Content validity and construct validity analysis were both performed. Sensitivity, specificity and maximum Youden index(YI) were used to determine the optimal cut-off value. The screening performance was examined by Kappa value.

Results
The total study population included 184 subjects, of which 8 participants were excluded, resulting in a study sample size of 176 elderly trauma patients (the completion rate was 95.7%). The Chinese version of Trauma-Specific Frailty Index(C-TSFI) have 15 items with 5 dimensions. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the C-TSFI was 0.861, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of dimensions ranged from 0.837 to 0.875, the split-half reliability of the C-TSFI were 0.894 and 0.880 respectively, test-retest reliability ranged from 0.692 to 0.862. The correlation coefficient between items and the C-TSFI ranged from 0.439 to 0.761. The content validity index for items (I-CVI) of the C-TSFI scale was 0.86~1.00, and the scale of content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.93. The area under curve (AUC) of the C-TSFI was 0.932 (95%CI 0.904–0.96, P < 0.05), the maximum YI was 0.725, the sensitivity was 80.2%, the specificity was 92.3%, and the critical value was 0.31. Kappa value was 0.682 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The Chinese version of TSFI could be used as a general assessment tool in geriatric trauma patients, and both its reliability and validity have been demonstrated.
Comparison between available early antiviral treatments in outpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a real-life study
Authors: Rinaldi Matteo , Campoli Caterina , Gallo Mena , Marzolla Domenico , Zuppiroli Alberto , Riccardi Riccardo , Casarini Martina , Riccucci Daniele , Malosso Marta , Bonazzetti Cecilia , Pascale Renato , Tazza Beatrice , Pasquini Zeno , Marconi Lorenzo , Curti Stefania , Giannella Maddalena , Viale Pierluigi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the clinical impact of three available antivirals for early COVID-19 treatment in a large real-life cohort.MethodsBetween January and October 2022 all outpatients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 referring to IRCCS S. Orsola hospital treated with an early antiviral therapy were enrolled. A comparison between patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NTV/r), molnupiravir (MPV) and remdesivir (RDV) was conducted in term of indications and outcome. To account for differences between treatment groups a propensity score analysis was performed. After estimating the weights, we fitted a survey-weighted Cox regression model with inverse-probability weighting with hospital admission/death versus clinical recovery as the primary outcome.ResultsOverall 1342 patients were enrolled, 775 (57.8%), 360 (26.8%) and 207 (15.4%) in MPV, NTV/r and RDV group, respectively. Median age was 73 (59–82) years, male sex was 53.4%. Primary indication was immunosuppression (438, 32.6%), the median time from symptom onset to drug administration was 3 [2–4] days. Overall, clinical recovery was reached in 96.9% of patients, with hospital admission rate of 2.6%. No significant differences were found in clinical recovery nor hospitalization. Cox regression showed a decreased probability of hospital admission/ death among prior vaccinated patients compared with unvaccinated (HR 0.31 [95%CI 0.14–0.70], p = 0.005]). No difference in hospitalization rates in early treatment compared to late treatment were found.ConclusionsNo differences among MPV, NTV/r and RDV in terms of clinical recovery or hospitalization were found. Patients not vaccinated had a significant increased risk of hospitalization.
Outcome and characteristics of nonsecretory multiple myeloma compared with secretory multiple myeloma: a retrospective multicenter study from China
Authors: Sun Hailu , Liu Aijun , Liu Lihong , Wang Wei , Cai Zhen , Yan Hua , Chen Lijuan , Gao Guangxun , Wang Fang , Liao Aijun , Chen Bing , Feng Jia , Li Juan , Huang Dong-Ping , Gao Da , Zhang Qi-Ke , Luo Jun , Fu Rong , Du Juan , Lu Jin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Nonsecretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is a rare type of multiple myeloma (MM). Few studies have described the clinical features and outcomes of NSMM in novel agents. Additionally, the prognostic characteristics have remained controversial in recent years.

Purpose
To investigate the clinical and prognostic features of NSMM and explore the prognostic value of involved free light chain (FLC) levels in NSMM patients in the Chinese population.

Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 176 newly diagnosed NSMM cases between January 2005 and December 2021 from 19 clinical centers in China. The control group was selected using a 1:4 propensity score matching technique of newly diagnosed secretory MM, with age, sex and diagnosis time as the matching variables.

Results
The median age of NSMM patients was 60 years, and 22.6% of patients were classified as ISS stage 3. The ORR of the NSMM patients was 87.4%, and the CR was 65.8%. Compared to the matched secretory MM patients, more NSMM patients achieved CR after first-line treatment (65.8% vs. 36%, p = 0.000). The ORR of first-line treatment was not significantly different between NSMM and secretory MM (89.45% vs. 84.7%, p = 0.196). The first-line PFS was 27.5 m and 23 m (p = 0.063), and the median OS was 81 m and 70 months (p = 0.401). However, for CR-achieved NSMM and CR-not-achieved NSMM patients, the median PFS was 37 m vs. 16 m (p = 0.021), while the median OS showed no difference (107 m vs. 87 m, p = 0.290). In multivariate analysis, the significant factors for PFS were age ≥ 65 and ISS-3. ISS-3 was the only independent prognostic factor of OS. The iFLC ≥ 50 mg/L group had a high ORR of 97.3%, and the median PFS and OS were 48 m and NR, respectively. Compared to the matched secretory MM, the iFLC ≥ 50 mg/L group also showed more CR and longer OS (NR vs. 70 m, p = 0.006) and PFS (48 m vs. 23 m, p = 0.003).

Conclusions
Our results revealed that Chinese NSMM patients are younger and have a higher CR but not superior survival. The subgroup of NSMM patients with iFLC ≥ 50 mg/L had better outcomes than secretory MM.