bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Nisin and its Antibacterial Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Yazdi Mohamad , Yousefvand Amin , Hosseini Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh , Mirhosseini Seyed Ali 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used in a wide range of biological applications, including their use as antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of green synthesis AgNPs using nisin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa).

Materials and Methods:
In order to synthesize Ag-nisin, a 1 mg/ml nisin solution was mixed with a 1-mM silver nitrate solution and incubated. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was employed to determine the presence of various biomolecules around AgNPs. The AgNPs were morphologically observed and characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy assessment, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential analysis. The microdilution broth method based on CLSI principles was used for the assessment of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of nisin on P. aeruginosa isolates.

Results:
Field emission scanning electron microscope showed spherical shaped nanoparticles. DLS revealed that the average size of nanoparticles was 37.2 nm. The zeta potential of AgNPs was − 13.3 mV. FTIR findings revealed that nitrogen atoms of nisin’s amine and amide groups are responsible for the capping and stability of the nanoparticles. The MIC and MBC showed that Ag/nisin nanoparticles had higher antimicrobial activity than nisin or AgNPs alone.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study show that the antibacterial activity of nisin can be increased by assembling it into the AgNP interface using a green chemical synthesis method. As a result, the technique may be used to develop an antibacterial formulation to enhance the effectiveness of nisin.
Topical and Systemic Therapies in Melasma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sarkar Rashmi , Handog Evangeline B. , Das Anupam , Bansal Anuva , Macarayo Ma. Juliet , Keshavmurthy Vinay , Narayan Vignesh , Jagadeesan Soumya , Pipo Eugenio , Ibaviosa Grace Monica , Podder Indrashis , Bansal Shivani 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Melasma is an acquired disorder, which presents with well-demarcated, brown-colored hyperpigmented macules, commonly involving the sun-exposed areas such as the face. It is a chronic and distressing condition, affecting the patients' quality of life, and has been conventionally treated with “first-line” agents including hydroquinone (HQ) alone or as a part of a triple combination cream (TCC), while “second-line” options include chemical peels, and third line options include laser therapy.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic search was performed for all topical and systemic treatments for melasma up till May 4, 2021, using the PubMed and EMBASE databases, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The search terms “melasma” and “treatment” were used to search for the relevant articles on both these databases, and a total of 4020 articles were identified. After removing the duplicate entries and screening the titles, abstracts, and full-text articles, we identified 174 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or controlled clinical trials.

Results:
Based on our review, HQ, TCCs, sunscreens, kojic acid (KA), and azelaic acid receive grade A recommendation. Further large-scale studies are required to clearly establish the efficacy of topical vitamin C, resorcinol, and topical tranexamic acid (TXA). Several newer topical agents may play a role only as an add-on or second-line drugs or as maintenance therapy. Oral TXA has a strong recommendation, provided there are no contraindications. Procyanidins, Polypodium leucotomos (PL), and even synbiotics may be taken as adjuncts.

Discussion:
Several newer topical and systemic agents with multimodal mechanisms of action have now become available, and the balance seems to be tipping in favor of these innovative modalities. However, it is worth mentioning that the choice of agent should be individualized and subject to availability in a particular country.
A Study to Describe the Pattern of Cutaneous Adverse Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines (Covishield and Covaxin)
Authors: Saraswat Neerja , Tripathy Durga M. , M Murali , Boruah Jahnabi , Mitra Debdeep , Chopra Harleen , Bhatnagar Anuj 
Published: October 2023

Background:Vigorous administration of COVID-19 vaccines to tackle the ongoing pandemic has led to increasing research on adverse effects including both systemic and cutaneous.Objective:A prospective observational study to delineate the cutaneous adverse effects of two vaccines, namely Covishield and Covaxin, administered in two doses in northern India.Materials and Methods:The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in northern India wherein patients were asked to report voluntarily any cutaneous adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination to the dermatology department. The data were collected using excel sheets and later analyzed taking into consideration the age, vaccine types, and duration of onset of adverse effects.Results:Of the 19,672 vaccination jabs, 296 (1.5%) developed cutaneous adverse effects of which the incidence was higher in Covishield vaccine group compared to Covaxin vaccine group. The incidence of side effects was more with the first dose of either vaccine compared to the second dose. All the side effects were benign and were managed symptomatically or were self-limiting.Limitations:The number of vaccine recipients was limited and there was a considerable overlap of adverse effects with both vaccines. Voluntary reporting of cases is not an accurate representation of the scale of patients with adverse effects.Conclusion:Rampant administration of vaccines along with widespread advertisement of vaccine-induced side effects via social media has created apprehension in the general population. This warrants studies improving awareness about the most vital preventive measure available to halt and eventually end the COVID-19 pandemic.
Utility of Dermoscopy in the Diagnosis of Erythroderma: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Batra Jayati , Gulati Samridhi , Sarangal Rishu , Chopra Dimple , Puri Sulabh , Kaur Ravneet 
Published: October 2023

Background:
It is difficult to diagnose the underlying cause of erythroderma on mere clinical presentation. The role of dermoscopy in diagnosing erythroderma secondary to various etiologies is evolving.

Aim and Objectives:
This study aimed to observe the dermoscopic features of erythroderma secondary to different cutaneous disorders and compare them with clinical features and histopathology.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-nine consecutive patients of erythroderma were enrolled in the study. Dermoscopy was performed on every case using a Heine Delta II Dermatoscope with 10x magnification in polarized mode. A histopathological examination was conducted to confirm the diagnosis.

Results:
Eight patients were diagnosed with psoriasis, five with endogenous eczema, four with pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP), three with pustular psoriasis, two with drug rash secondary to antitubercular therapy, two with dermatophytic infection, one patient each of atopic dermatitis, crusted scabies, pemphigus foliaceous, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, and mycosis fungoides. Characteristic dermoscopic features were observed in erythroderma due to psoriasis, PRP, pustular psoriasis, endogenous eczema, scabies, and dermatophytosis. Differentiation of other disorders based on dermoscopy alone was difficult, and clinico-histopathological correlation was crucial to reach a diagnosis.

Conclusion:
Dermoscopic features of classical patterns of skin disorders are preserved even in the corresponding erythrodermic or unstable stage. Dermoscopic features of erythroderma secondary to psoriasis, pustular psoriasis, PRP, endogenous eczema, scabies, and dermatophytosis are clearly differentiating, whereas the dermoscopic features in other causes of erythroderma are overlapping. Thus, dermoscopy can be a good screening tool in the clinical assessment of erythroderma.
Identification of mutation in synaptonemal complex protein 3 gene and its interaction with methotrexate in case of breast cancer in female Albino mice
Authors: Sinha Shardhanjali , Kumar Aniket , Ghosh Ashis Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
To date, a few research studies have reported the significance of synaptonemal complex protein 3 (SYCP3) gene mutation in breast cancer. The present study aims to identify SYCP3 gene mutation in the case of breast cancer in female Albino mice and to assess the interaction of mutated SYCP3 protein with the drug methotrexate (MTX).

Materials and Methods:
To induce breast cancer in female Albino mice, the carcinogen 7, 12-Dimethylbenz (a) anthracene was used. The blood samples were collected from mice that developed breast cancer and a polymeric chain reaction was performed to check the mutation in the SYCP3 gene with a specific primer. Thereafter, whole genome sequencing was performed, which was further validated by referring to online bioinformatics databases and tools.

Results:
After performing whole genome sequencing and translation, the normal SYCP3 sequence was compared with the mutated one, where a frameshift mutation was observed in which 1 bp was deleted at position (643delA) (Al ─A that codes for ILE at position 197 (ILE ─I in protein sequence. The free binding energy released by the interaction of MTX with the mutated SYCP3 protein (MET, GLU, GLN, GLU, and ILE) was lower (−3.09 Kcal/mol) than that of the interaction of normal SYCP3 protein. Therefore, the mutated SYCP3 and MTX interaction can be considered the best molecular docking interaction.

Conclusion:
The present study is imperative to recognize a potential therapeutic agent to cure breast cancer. It ultimately paves the way to modify the existing line of treatment for different pathological conditions of breast cancer and promote personalized medicine.
Study on asymptomatic carotid artery disease in high-risk population: A hospital-based study in the eastern part of India
Authors: Kumari Manisha , Kumar Govind , Suman Sanjay Kumar , Prakash Ved 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Stroke is the most important cause of mortality and morbidity. Carotid artery disease is the leading cause of ischemic stroke. Carotid intima-media thickness can be used as an important tool for severity of atherosclerosis. This study revised the usefulness of carotid Doppler as a useful tool for stroke.

Aim and Objective:
(1) To assess the prevalence of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (extra cranial) in high-risk individuals of the North-East Indian region (2) To find out the relationship of underlying disease with the severity of carotid artery stenosis.

Methods:
It was a prospective, cross-sectional study. The patients attending the department of general medicine, endocrinology, and cardiology were studied. Carotid duplex ultrasound was used to evaluate carotid arteries on 100 individuals having high risk factors such as age more than 40 years, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease for atherosclerotic diseases.

Results:
The age range was 40–79 years. Forty-four percent participants had carotid artery diseases of which 6% had significant carotid artery stenosis. In our study, established risk factors for atherosclerosis as advancing age >60 years, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were not significantly associated with severe carotid artery stenosis.

Conclusion:
In this study, established independent risk factors for atherosclerosis were not statistically significant in causing severe carotid artery stenosis. This result may be due to the small study population. However, it is suggested to do study on large populations to establish or to rule out the association of significant carotid stenosis with established risk factors of atherosclerosis.
Understanding mechanism of traumatic spinal cord injury in an emergent nation: A coast to coast survey
Authors: Singh Abhinav , Kumar Ganesh , Kumar Raj 
Published: October 2023

Background:
People with a spinal cord injury (SCI) have poor survival rates in low- and middle-income group countries. SCI prevention is critical to decreasing societal and individual health expenditure. Knowledge of the mechanism of SCI and contributory factors is necessary for successful prevention programs. There are limited population-based studies that explain the cause of SCI in an emergent economy like India. Available studies are limited to a specific region or hospital. Our study was done to understand the causes of traumatic SCI all over India.

Methods:
Online survey was conducted among SCI patients. Patients were given objective questions. Consecutive participants in 6 months were included from April 2022 to October 2022. Snow-bowling method was followed. Participants who had a SCI with known etiology were included in the analysis (n = 96). Different mechanisms of SCI documented in the databases were stratified by personal characteristics using descriptive analysis.

Results:
Road traffic accidents (RTAs) followed by fall from height were the biggest contributor of SCI. The most common causes of SCI were RTAs (50%) and fall from height (37.50%), followed by assault (4.17%), and others (8.33%).

Conclusion:
In primarily agriculture-based countries, fall from height (especially tree) was expected to be a major mechanism of SCI; however, our study shows a reversal of a trend. Improvement in rural infrastructure is decreasing the gap between RTA and falls from height as a major mechanism of SCI. It is time to make health policies primarily to prevent RTA and fall from height.
National quality assurance standards in neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Ellenkil Anitta Jose , Bhardwaj Nitin Dutt , Mishra Udai Bhasker 
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives:
The Goal of National Health Mission has been to enhance the availability and access of good quality health care for vulnerable population. The study evaluates the compliance of a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a tertiary care government teaching hospital with national quality assurance standards (NQAS).

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using validated checklist adopted from NQAS. The data were collected by utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, staff interview, and record review.

Results:
The NICU has achieved a total score of 65% in service provision. Major gaps n = 126 (29%) were identified. The number of checkpoints which needed to be fulfilled at the departmental level was n = 137 (80%), to be fulfilled at the institutional level was n = 34 (19.2%), and those to be fulfilled at the top-level administration was n = 1 (0.8%); recommendations were made accordingly for improvement.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that there were n
= 126 (29%) noncompliant checkpoints/major gaps, particularly with respect to the quality management and outcome. Based on the findings of the study, the author recommends the development of a dedicated checklist with new checkpoints that need to be incorporated for medical college hospitals and institutes in the country to ensure quality patient care, which will consecutively improve the medical education and research.
Persistent respiratory symptoms and lung function abnormalities in recovered patients of COVID-19
Authors: S Vishnu N. , Sodhi Mandeep K. , Aggarwal Deepak , Puri Sonia , Saini Varinder 
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives:
COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 which belongs to a family of coronaviruses. After the acute phase of illness, the majority of the patients recover quickly but, in some cases, symptoms can persist for a variable duration, bringing into light another entity known as post-COVID syndrome. The objective was to estimate the burden of various persistent respiratory symptoms and lung function abnormalities among recovered patients of COVID-19 and also to correlate them with initial disease severity, demographic factors and comorbidities.

Methods:
Eighty-five post-COVID patients were recruited as per inclusion/exclusion criteria. Detailed history taking, physical examination and spirometry were done in all patients and data were correlated with baseline disease severity.

Results:
Fatigue and breathlessness were the most common symptoms followed by cough, chest pain and fever. Persistent symptoms and their severity were significantly higher in severe/moderate cases. Spirometry was abnormal in 45.88% of subjects and the most common pattern was restrictive type. It was seen that the likelihood of persistent symptoms and abnormal lung function increased significantly with the severity of COVID-19, age, comorbidities, hospital stay duration and steroid/oxygen therapy.

Conclusion:
The current study estimated the burden and array of various pulmonary sequelae encountered by post-COVID patients and elicited various risk factors associated with their occurrence after recovery from active infection. Awareness of these symptoms/sequelae and their risk factors is necessary for their follow-up and timely management, as the threat of this relatively new virus has still not abated.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS SISTEMAS ERP PARA A ANÁLISE DE NEGÓCIOS NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES
Authors: Reis Bárbara Damasio dos , Silva Aramis de Queiroz , Fukuoka Danilo Marcos Leme , Araújo Dilcimar Gomes de , Elias Samir Ibrahim 
Published: October 2023

O objetivo deste paper é promover uma reflexão acerca da importância dos sistemas Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) para a análise de negócios nas organizações. Para isso, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas com o intuito de apresentar uma explanação teórica e referencial que possibilitasse maior compreensão e detalhamento do assunto. Nesse sentido, para a riqueza do estudo, além do sistema de gestão ERP, tornou-se relevante abordar fatores críticos que possam impactar a tomada de decisão no ambiente organizacional, como a análise de negócios, o Business Intelligence, a inovação e a cadeia de valor. Trata-se de um estudo baseado em referências encontradas em artigos, revistas e livros que corroboraram com o aprofundamento do trabalho e a exposição de diferentes perspectivas. O intuito é promover insights que possam colaborar na busca pelo aperfeiçoamento da tomada de decisão. Com isso, o aumento da confiabilidade perante as informações, a identificação de possíveis vulnerabilidades, e de forma estratégica, a consolidação da empresa para o alcance de uma vantagem competitiva perante o mercado são alguns dos resultados de uma boa tomada decisão, e assim, retrata a relevância desse estudo.
Estratégia omnichannel na perspectiva da economia circular: uma estrutura conceitual
Authors: Da Silva Goulart Rodrigues Leandro , Senna Pedro , de Souza Gomes dos Santos Ana Carla , Guimarães Marujo Lino 
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: analisar os benefícios do blockchain para a economia circular (EC) consistindo tanto em cadeia de suprimento de ciclo fechado (CSCF) quanto em soluções de omnichannel reverso. Ao garantir transparência, rastreabilidade, visibilidade e segurança, o blockchain permite que as empresas adquiram capacidade operacional através de um CSCF e capacidade de serviço através do omnichannel reverso, o que pode aumentar significativamente o desempenho do negócio. A rede de relacionamentos associada pode ser reforçada através do estabelecimento de incentivos que incluem tanto smart contracts no blockchain quanto abordagens de retorno ativo na EC. Método: as lacunas se ligam ao impacto do blockchain nos sistemas de EC (CSCF e omnichannel reverso). Para este fim, os procedimentos foram realizados desde a formulação da questão de pesquisa até a análise de artigos, utilizando a abordagem de revisão sistemática da literatura. Resultados e conclusão: blockchain permite um sistema de EC mais eficiente com soluções de omnichannel reverso. A rede CSCF pode se beneficiar de uma abordagem de retorno ativo desenvolvendo incentivos atraentes para coletores e ampliando os efeitos positivos do blockchain. Os incentivos aos coletores são cruciais para fortalecer as capacidades operacionais e de serviço dos sistemas de EC. Implicações da pesquisa: os varejistas podem usar os resultados desta pesquisa para desenvolver estratégias de omnichannel sustentável. Além disso, os pontos de coleta precisam estar estrategicamente posicionados para viabilizar esta operação e integrar o conceito de smart contracts. Originalidade/valor: Este trabalho adota uma nova abordagem ao estudo da EC, considerando um sistema circular duplo que consiste em um CSCF e um omnichannel reverso.
Enhancing Heart Disease Detection Using Political Deer Hunting Optimization-Based Deep Q-Network with High Accuracy and Sensitivity
Authors: Aher Chetan N. 
Published: October 2023

Heart disease is a clinical syndrome generally caused due to the impairment of structural and functional tissues. According to World Health Organization (WHO), heart disease has been recognized as the major reason for death occurring worldwide and the survey reported that 23% of death in the US is mainly because of heart-related diseases. Therefore, quick and precise detection of heart-related diseases is significant to enhance the health issues of heart disease-affected people and also reduces the mortality rate of the patients by protecting them from dangerous death by offering better medical services. Nowadays, deep learning techniques play a significant part in the domain of medical science and are also utilized to diagnose various diseases. Due to poor feature representation and some imbalance problems, predicting heart disease is very difficult using simple models. To encounter such problems, an effective strategy is employed in this research for detecting heart disease using the proposed Political Deer Hunting Optimization (PDHO) algorithm-based Deep Q-Network. However, the proposed PDHO algorithm is derived by the integration of the Political Optimizer (PO) and Deer Hunting Optimization (DHO) algorithms. Moreover, the proposed PDHO-based Deep Q-network for heart disease detection achieved a maximum accuracy of 93.4%, maximum sensitivity of 96.2%, and maximum specificity of 89.2%. This study leverages a diverse and extensive dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset [GSE98583] to advance our understanding of coronary artery disease.

Received: 25 July 2023 | Revised: 23 September 2023 | Accepted: 23 October 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE98583.