bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unusual weak and delayed GTPase activity of FtsZ from human pathogenic bacteria Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Gurung Sumiran Kumar , Sangeeta   , Dubey Priyanka , Akhtar Fatima , Saha Abhik , Bhattacherjee Arnab , Dhar Suman Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Actively treadmilling FtsZ acts as the pivotal scaffold for bacterial cell divisome components, providing them with a circumferential ride along the site of future division. FtsZ from slow-growing Helicobacter pylori (HpFtsZ), a class I carcinogen that thrives abundantly in the acidic environment, is poorly understood. We studied HpFtsZ as a function of pH, cations and time and compared it with well-studied Escherichia coli FtsZ (EcFtsZ). HpFtsZ shows pH-dependent GTPase activity, which is inhibited under acidic conditions. Mg+2 ions play an indispensable role in its GTPase activity; however, higher Mg+2 levels negatively affect its activity. As compared to EcFtsZ, HpFtsZ exhibits lower and slower nucleotide hydrolysing activity. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of FtsZ reveal that GTP binding induces a rewiring of the hydrogen bond network, which results in reduction of the binding cleft volume leading to the spontaneous release of GTP. The GTPase activity is linked to the extent of reduction in the binding cleft volume, which is also supported by the binding free energy analysis. Evidently, HpFtsZ is a pH-sensitive GTPase with low efficiency that may reflect on the overall slow growth rate of H. pylori.
Expression and Correlation of HER2/P53/VEGF in Marjolin’s Ulcer
Authors: Xia Chen , Chu Zhigang , Wu Yiqi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Marjolin’s ulcer is described as malignant lesions developed in the injured skin, which can cause several kinds of malignancies. Our results showed that no HER2 but p53 was detected in Majorlin’s ulcer samples. Meanwhile, by statistical analysis, we found that the positive rate of p53 in Majorlin’s ulcer samples was associated with the pathological type of ulcer canceration and degree of tumor differentiation. The positive expression rate of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was 62.5% in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 39.4% in moderately differentiated SCC, and 66.7% in well-differentiated SCC, respectively. Furthermore, some cases of Majorlin’s ulcer with positive P53 were negative for VEGF, while some cases with positive VEGF were negative for P53. Image superposition showed that VEGF expression was absent or minimal in p53-positive cases. However, P53 was not expressed or rarely expressed in VEGF-positive cases. Our results of this study will suggest that P53 can be used as the mark of Marjolin’s ulcer differentiation, and there may be some interaction between P53 and VEGF in Marjolin’s ulcer. The regulation of microenvironment in the oncogenesis, progression, and differentiation of Marjolin’s ulcer is complex and needs further study.
Severe High-Voltage Electrical Injury: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Wu Yanjun , Luo Jia , Luo Yimei , Luo Gaoxing , Qian Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
High-voltage electrical injury usually causes severe tissue damage and serious secondary complications. We report a case of treatment of severe high-voltage electrical injury. A series of personalized and effective treatment plans were created through repeated discussions, we successfully handled a series of acute and critical conditions, including severe limb damage, a very large area of full-thickness abdominal wall defect, abdominal viscera (stomach and liver) necrosis, abdominal infection, renal insufficiency, myocardial damage, and malignant arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation). Finally, the wounds were all closed, the functions of the abdominal organs were restored, and the course of the disease was successfully transitioned into the rehabilitation stage. It took a lot of twists and turns but ultimately saved the patient’s life. The successful treatment of this patient provides an important reference for similar patients with serious electrical injury in the future.
The difficulty of detecting inbreeding depression and its effect on conservation decisions
Authors: Hoy Sarah R , Brzeski Kristin E , Vucetich Leah M , Peterson Rolf O , Vucetich John A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Statistical inferences about inbreeding depression are often derived from analyses with low power and a high risk of failing to detect inbreeding depression. That risk is widely appreciated by scientists familiar with the relevant statistical and genetical theory, but may be overlooked and underappreciated by decision-makers. Consequently, there is value in demonstrating this risk using a real example. We use data from the wolf population on Isle Royale to demonstrate the difficulty of making reliable statistical inferences about inbreeding depression. This wolf population is known—by other methods—to have gone effectively extinct due to deleterious genetic processes associated with inbreeding. Beyond that demonstration, we use two case-studies—wolves on Isle Royale and vaquita (porpoises) from the Gulf of California, Mexico—to show how statistical inferences about inbreeding depression can affect conservation decisions. According to most decision theory, decisions depend importantly on: 1) probabilities that certain states exist (e.g. inbreeding depression is present) and 2) the utility assigned to various outcomes (e.g. the value of acting to mitigate inbreeding when it is present). The probabilities are provided by statistical inference; whereas utilities are almost entirely determined by normative values and judgements. Our analysis suggests that decisions to mitigate inbreeding depression are often driven more by utilities (normative values) than probabilities (statistical inferences). As such, advocates for mitigating inbreeding depression will benefit from better communicating to decision-makers the value of populations persisting and the extent to which decisions should depend on normative values.
JunB condensation attenuates vascular endothelial damage under hyperglycemic condition
Authors: Ren Xuxia , Cui Zexu , Zhang Qiaoqiao , Su Zhiguang , Xu Wei , Wu Jinhui , Jiang Hao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Endothelial damage is the initial and crucial factor in the occurrence and development of vascular complications in diabetic patients, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Although hyperglycemia has been identified as a damaging effector, the detailed mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, identified by ATAC-seq and RNA-seq, JunB reverses the inhibition of proliferation and the promotion of apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with high glucose, mainly through the cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways. Furthermore, JunB undergoes phase separation in the nucleus and in vitro, mediated by its intrinsic disordered region and DNA-binding domain. Nuclear localization and condensation behaviors are required for JunB-mediated proliferation and apoptosis. Thus, our study uncovers the roles of JunB and its coacervation in repairing vascular endothelial damage caused by high glucose, elucidating the involvement of phase separation in diabetes and diabetic endothelial dysfunction.
Structural damage identification using an optimization technique based on generalized flexibility matrix
Authors: Gao Qianhui , Li Zhu , Yu Yongping , Zheng Shaopeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A generalized flexibility matrix-based objective function utilized for structure damage identification is firstly constructed. After transforming the damage identification into a constrained nonlinear least squares optimization problem, the trust-region algorithm is applied to find the solution of the inverse problem in multiple damage cases. Thereinto, the sensitivity analysis of the objective function with respect to the design variables is derived using the Nelson's method. At last, two numerical examples with several damage cases are investigated, including a steel truss bridge model as well as a drilling rig derrick model. Based on the computational results, it is evident that the presented approach provides excellent validity and reliability for the large and complicated engineering structures.
The Early Editions of Rob Roy
Authors: McMullin B J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sir Walter Scott’s three-volume Rob Roy was the first of his novels to be issued in three ‘factitious editions’—i.e. of the one setting of type, in an edition number totalling 10,000, 2,500 were issued with ‘Second edition’ on the title pages, 2,500 with ‘Third edition’. Publication of the [first] edition was scheduled for 30 December 1817 (title page dated 1818), and the second and third followed on 7 January 1818 and 10 January 1818 respectively. The closeness of the dates is explained by the publishing stratagem, but there is also a difficulty in that Scott did not return proofs of the final three and a half gatherings of volume 3 until late on 26 December (a Friday). It is proposed that these gatherings were printed (in at least the first 5,000) by concurrent perfecting, thus meeting the deadline. In bibliographical terms the three editions are at best three issues of the one edition.
Telemedicine Improves Performance of a Two-Incision Lower Leg Fasciotomy by Combat Medics: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Stark Pieter W , Borger van der Burg Boudewijn L S , van Dongen Thijs T C F , Casper Marnalg , Wouter 1 , Hoencamp Rigo 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The primary aim of this randomized controlled trial was to assess if a head-mounted display (HMD) providing telemedicine support improves performance of a two-incision lower leg fasciotomy by a NATO special operations combat medic (combat medic).

Materials and Methods
Thirty-six combat medics were randomized into two groups: One group performed a two-incision lower leg fasciotomy with the assistance of an HMD, while the control group completed the procedure without guidance. A Mann–Whitney U test was used to determine the possible differences in release of compartments and performance scores, as assessed by a supervising medical specialist. A Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the proportions of collateral damage between groups. An independent-samples t-test was used to interpret total procedure times. The usability and technical factors involving HMD utilization were also assessed.

Results
Combat medics in the HMD group released the anterior compartment (P ≤ .001) and deep posterior compartment (P = .008) significantly better. There was significantly more iatrogenic muscle (P ≤ .001) and venous damage (P ≤ .001) in the control group. The overall performance of combat medics in the HMD group was significantly better than that of the control group (P &lt; .001). Combat medics in the control group were significantly faster (P = .012). The combat medics were very satisfied with the HMD. The HMD showed no major technical errors.

Conclusions
This randomized controlled trial shows that a HMD providing telemedicine support leads to significantly better performance of a two-incision lower leg fasciotomy by a combat medic with less iatrogenic muscle and venous damage.
The End is Near: Grim Reapers and Endless Futures
Authors: Schmid Joseph C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
José Benardete developed a famous paradox involving a beginningless set of items each member of which satisfies some predicate just in case no earlier member satisfies it. The Grim Reaper version of this paradox has recently been employed in favour of various finitist metaphysical theses, ranging from temporal finitism to causal finitism to the discrete nature of time. Here, I examine a new challenge to these finitist arguments—namely, the challenge of implying that the future cannot be endless. In particular, I develop future-oriented Benardete paradoxes and examine their epistemic symmetry with past-oriented paradoxes.
Light curves for 10 R Coronae Borealis stars for longer than a century: secular evolution, dip statistics, and a general model for the shape of isolated light-curve dips
Authors: Schaefer Bradley E 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
R Coronae Borealis stars (RCBs) are cool supergiants that display non-periodic deep dips in brightness. Recently, a group of ‘Hot RCB stars’ has been discovered to be fast evolving across the HR (Hertzsprung-Russell) diagram, as these stars leave the RCB region, with brightness changes at the rate of ∼1 mag per century. Perhaps cool RCB stars can also be seen evolving, either increasing in temperature as they evolve to become Hot RCB stars, or perhaps increasing in luminosity as the stars arrive at the RCB region. To seek these changes, the only possible method is to extract archival data going back more than a century, looking for the brightness changes associated with the evolution. I have measured and extracted 323 464 mag (mostly from the Harvard plates and from the American Association of Variable Star Observers) for 10 cool RCB stars, all with over a century for the light curves, all consistently calibrated to a modern magnitude system. For times away from any dips, these light curves are flat to within the typical uncertainty of ±0.10 mag per century. That is, I see no significant evolution. I also have collected a large data base of light-curve dips and their properties. From this, the light curves for all the well-observed isolated dips have the same shape, featuring a flat slope for the few days immediately after the minima. Further, I derive a general model for the shape of the light curve for all isolated RCB dips, with a simple equation accurately describing the observed recovery to maximum light.
Resolution criteria to avoid artificial clumping in Lagrangian hydrodynamic simulations with a multiphase interstellar medium
Authors: Ploeckinger Sylvia , Nobels Folkert S J , Schaller Matthieu , Schaye Joop 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Large-scale cosmological galaxy formation simulations typically prevent gas in the interstellar medium (ISM) from cooling below $\approx 10^4\, \mathrm{K}$. This has been motivated by the inability to resolve the Jeans mass in molecular gas ($\ll 10^5\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$) which would result in undesired artificial clumping. We show that the classical Jeans criteria derived for Newtonian gravity are not applicable in the simulated ISM if the spacing of resolution elements representing the dense ISM is below the gravitational force softening length and gravity is therefore softened and not Newtonian. We re-derive the Jeans criteria for softened gravity in Lagrangian codes and use them to analyse gravitational instabilities at and below the hydrodynamical resolution limit for simulations with adaptive and constant gravitational softening lengths. In addition, we define criteria for which a numerical runaway collapse of dense gas clumps can occur caused by oversmoothing of the hydrodynamical properties relative to the gravitational force resolution. This effect is illustrated using simulations of isolated disc galaxies with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics code swift. We also demonstrate how to avoid the formation of artificial clumps in gas and stars by adjusting the gravitational and hydrodynamical force resolutions.
The dynamical state of bars in cluster dwarf galaxies: the cases of NGC 4483 and NGC 4516
Authors: Cuomo Virginia , Morelli Lorenzo , Aguerri J Alfonso L , Corsini Enrico Maria , Debattista Victor P , Coccato Lodovico , Pizzella Alessandro , Boselli Alessandro , Buttitta Chiara , de Lorenzo-Cáceres Adriana , Ferrarese Laura , Gasparri Daniele , Lee Yun Hee , Mendez-Abreu Jairo , Roediger Joel , Zarattini Stefano 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Dwarf barred galaxies are the perfect candidates for hosting slowly rotating bars. They are common in dense environments and have a relatively shallow potential well, making them prone to heating by interactions. When an interaction induces bar formation, the bar should rotate slowly. They reside in massive and centrally concentrated dark matter haloes, which slow down the bar rotation through dynamical friction. While predictions suggest that slow bars should be common, measurements of bar pattern speed, using the Tremaine–Weinberg method, show that bars are mostly fast in the local Universe. We present a photometric and kinematic characterization of bars hosted by two dwarf galaxies in the Virgo Cluster, NGC 4483, and NGC 4516. We derive the bar length and strength using the Next Generation Virgo Survey imaging and the circular velocity, bar pattern speed, and rotation rate using spectroscopy from the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer. Including the previously studied galaxy IC 3167, we compare the bar properties of the three dwarf galaxies with those of their massive counterparts from literature. Bars in the dwarf galaxies are shorter and weaker, and rotate slightly slower with respect to those in massive galaxies. This could be due to a different bar formation mechanism and/or to a large dark matter fraction in the centre of dwarf galaxies. We show that it is possible to push the application of the Tremaine–Weinberg method to the galaxy low-mass regime.
Multitechnique study of the B[e] supergiant RMC 82
Authors: Seriacopi D B , Carciofi A C , de Amorim T H , Magalhães A M , Vieira R G , de Souza A Domiciano , Rubio A , Rubinho M S , Bednarski D , Mota B C , Faes D M , Silva A C F 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
B[e] supergiants (sgB[e]) are rare objects whose evolutionary stage remains uncertain. Observationally, they display strong Balmer emission lines, infrared excess, and intrinsic polarization, indicating a non-spherical circumstellar envelope. We present a study of the sgB[e] RMC 82, using new spectropolarimetric data complemented by photometry from the ultraviolet (UV) to the mid-infrared. Our two-component model comprises a slow, dense equatorial wind wherein dust grains form and a fast polar wind. We applied the hdust radiative transfer code and Bayesian statistics to infer the parameters from a grid of 3240 pre-computed models. The model accurately reproduces the spectral energy distribution and polarized spectrum, but struggles to match the H α emission. Our results suggest a large mass-loss rate of $6.6 \times 10^{-6}\, \mathrm{{\rm M}_{\odot }\, yr^{-1}\, sr^{-1}}$. The dense wind is confined within an opening angle of 11°. The hottest dust grains are located at 277 R* with a temperature of 870 K. The dust grains are porous, with a density of 0.051 $\rm {g\, cm^{-3}}$. The central star was found to be significantly hotter than previous estimates (Teff = $27\, 000$ K). By comparing models with different components, we find that gas reprocesses a significant amount of UV radiation, shielding the dust. However, the dust also scatters UV photons back to the inner disc, increasing its temperature and H α emission. We conclude that self-consistent models, that account for the gas–dust interplay in the envelope, are essential for studying sgB[e] and similar objects.
X-ray polarization changes with the state transition in Cygnus X–1
Authors: Jana Arghajit , Chang Hsiang-Kuang 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We studied the polarization properties of Cygnus X–1 in both hard and soft spectral states with imaging X-ray polarimetry explorer (IXPE) observations. The polarization degree is $\sim 4~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, and $\sim 2.6-2.8~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ in the hard and soft states, respectively. The polarization angle is observed along the jet axis and remains the same in both states. Energy-dependent analysis revealed an increasing polarization with the energy. The observed polarization rules out the lamp-post corona and prefers a conical corona if the coronal geometry remains the same in the hard and soft states. The disc is not detected in the hard state but is found in the soft state in the IXPE spectra. The spectral analysis revealed that the disc emission contributes $\sim 20~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the total emission in the soft state. The scattering of the seed photons inside the corona is likely to reduce the polarization. This could explain the different polarization in different spectral states. Additionally, if the disc polarization is perpendicular to that of the corona, it could also reduce the polarization in the soft state.
Long-slit spectral study of the unusual post-interacting galaxy Arp 263
Authors: Zasov Anatoly V , Saburova Anna S , Egorov Oleg V , Lander Vsevolod Yu , Afanasiev Victor L , Uklein Roman I 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Arp 263 is a single irregularly shaped galaxy with intense star formation. Its short tidal features of low brightness visible in both optics and the H i line, as well as the strong non-circular motion of atomic gas in the outskirts, give pieces of evidence of a recent merging with some intruder, non-observed directly. We carried out spectral observations of this galaxy at the 6 m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory. The spectra for three positions of the spectral slit were obtained: two of them cross the central region of the galaxy and the third one runs along the nearly straight narrow chain of clumps of emission gas with a length of 4–5 kpc. We derived the profiles of velocity, fluxes, and oxygen abundances (O/H) along the slits. We confirm that within the radius of several kpc the galaxy rotates regularly. The maximal value of the rotational velocity allows us to conclude that the dark mass of the galaxy prevails over the mass of its visible components. The observed velocity profile along the peripheral star-forming chain gives pieces of evidence that it is located outside of the plane of the disc, and the gas that formed the chain is probably falling back on to the disc after being ejected from the galaxy. We discuss that the observed chain of clumps is the result of gravitational instability of the gaseous filament.
Thirty-year overview of Japanese autopsy cases of Takayasu arteritis – Results of analysis of Japanese autopsy reports
Authors: Yokouchi Yuki , Asakawa Nanae , Oharaseki Toshiaki , Takahashi Kei 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
The objective of the study was to analyse the trends in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) in Japan during three recent decades based on autopsy reports.

Methods
We extracted TAK cases from the Japanese Pathological Autopsy Reports published during three decades (1991–2000, 2001–10, and 2011–20) and compared the data for the number of cases, age, gender, malignant tumour complication rate, and cause of death.

Results
322 TAK cases were reported during the 30 years. They represented 0.04–0.06% of the total autopsies, with little variation among the three decades. The peak age at autopsy increased: from the 60s for 1991–2010 to the 70s for 2011–20. The malignant tumour complication rate increased to 12.2%, 18.5%, and 22.7% during the three decades. However, about half of those cases had no metastases, and malignant tumours were rarely directly involved in a TAK patient’s death. TAK-associated cardiovascular lesions accounted for most deaths.

Conclusions
Although the age at TAK onset showed little change during the 30 years, the age at autopsy has increased, suggesting that the long-term prognosis has improved. Although the malignant tumour complication rate increased with age, the most common causes of death were cardiovascular lesions.