bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma 5 cm or smaller and construction of prognostic model by machine learning: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: He Qifan , Xiong Yue , Xia Pengcheng , Yang Xiaoyu , Yu Yihui , Chen Zhonghua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The effectiveness of Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) in improving long-term survival outcomes for patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of 5 cm or less remains uncertain. This study was designed to elucidate the impact of RFA therapy on the survival outcomes of these patients and to construct a prognostic model for patients following RFA.
Methods
This study was performed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2017, focusing on patients diagnosed with solitary HCC ≤ 5 cm. We compared the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates of these patients with those who received hepatectomy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or were part of a blank control group. To enhance the reliability of our findings, we employed Stabilized Inverse Probability Treatment Weighting (sIPTW) and stratified analyses. Additionally, we conducted a Cox regression analysis to identify prognostic factors. Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models were developed to predict 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year CSS. The XGBoost models were evaluated via ROC curves, calibration plots, decision curve analysis (DCA) curves and so on.
Results
Regardless of whether the data were unadjusted or adjusted using sIPTW, the RFA group exhibited higher 5-year OS (46.7%) and CSS (58.9%) rates compared to the radiotherapy (27.1%/35.8%), chemotherapy (32.9%/43.7%), and blank control groups (18.6%/30.7%), while being lower than the hepatectomy group (69.4%/78.9%). Stratified analysis based on age and cirrhosis status revealed that RFA and hepatectomy yielded similar OS and CSS outcomes for patients with cirrhosis and aged over 65 years. Age, race, marital status, grade, cirrhosis, tumor size, and AFP levels were selected to build the XGBoost models based on the training cohort. The area under the curve (AUC) of 1, 3, and 5 years in the validation cohort were 0.88, 0.81, 0.79. Calibration plots further demonstrated the consistency between predicted and actual values in both training and validation cohorts.
Conclusion
RFA can enhance the survival prospects of patients diagnosed with solitary HCC ≤ 5 cm. In certain clinical scenarios, RFA achieve survival outcomes comparable to those of hepatectomy. The XGBoost models developed in this study performed admirably in predicting the CSS of patients with solitary HCC tumors smaller than 5cm following RFA.
Microstructures and shear properties of Sb and In strengthened Sn5Bi/Cu joints
Authors: Zhang Jiaheng , Zhao Yongheng , Wang Xiaojing , Cai Shanshan , Peng Jubo , Liu Chen , Azab Islam H. El , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Wang Shuai , Liu Baosheng , Zhang Weibin , Chen Cai , Guo Fengyi , Wang Yingwu , El-Bahy Salah M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The effects of x(Sb/In) (x = 1, 2, 3 wt.%) added to Sn5Bi solder alloy on the melting properties, microstructures and the shear behavior of solder/Cu joints were investigated combined with the corresponding phase diagram. It is found that the addition of Sb reduces the melting range and supercooling with the increase of Sb content caused by SnSb formation, while the In addition can reduce the melting point resulted by In solid solution. Both Sn5BixIn/Cu and Sn5BixSb/Cu are mainly composed of β-Sn and two types precipitates, i.e. Bi particles and Cu6Sn5 compound. The difference lies in that In doping only can dissolve into β-Sn and Cu6Sn5 while Sb doping mainly form tiny SnSb. Increase In content also inhibit precipitation of Bi particles and reduce the phase fraction Cu6(SnIn)5, resulting in that precipitation strengthening becomes weaker and solid solution strengthening becomes stronger. In contrast, the phase fraction of Bi particles and Cu6Sn5 increases with increasing Sb content, leading to that precipitation strengthening becomes stronger. These strengthening mechanism causes that their ultimate shear force monotonically increases with increasing Sb and In content, and the strengthening effect of the Sb element is better. Sb and In addition also can improve the ductility of Sn5Bi/Cu solder joints and both 2 wt.% In/Sb addition present the best shear fracture work. Thus, the optimal mechanical property was achieved by 2 wt.% Sb addition.
Evolutionary game analysis of graduates’ honest employment
Authors: Cao Xiaoyan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the current employment situation for Chinese college graduates, there is a growing prevalence of dishonesty in securing jobs. This is not only poses challenges for the graduates themselves, but also leads to higher costs and difficulties for employers in the recruitment process. Additionally, it impacts the reputation of colleges and the development of social credit systems. This paper analyzes the long-term employment dishonesty of graduates by evolutionary game theory. The findings indicate that addressing this problem requires enhancing graduates’ education on honest employment, fostering a sense of awareness about the importance of honest employment, ensuring effective channels for supervision and reporting, decreasing the immediate advantages of dishonest employment, and intensifying the penalties for graduates involved in dishonest practices.
Vascular Transmigration in Peripheral Giant Cell Lesion: a Case Study on Histogenesis
Authors: Carvalho Stephany Pimenta , Santos Kris Fellipe do Nascimento , Silva Ricardo Natã Fonseca , Júnior Wilson José Mariano , Costa Nádia do Lago , Vencio Eneida Franco 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Peripheral giant cell granulomas (PGCL) have microscopic similarities to other pathologies and their origin remains unclear. In this case, a 47-year-old woman presented with a chief complaint of a "painful bleeding lesion" in the region of the canine teeth with a recent history of tooth extraction. Intraorally, a well-circumscribed, pedunculated, purplish-red nodule was noted on the upper alveolar crest associated with an unstable denture. Periapical radiographs showed superficial bone resorption. The lesion was removed and vigorous curettage was performed. Microscopy revealed an ulcerative, non-encapsulated lesion composed of mononuclear stromal cells, prominent multinucleated giant cells (MGCs), and hemorrhage surrounded by fibrous tissue. Apoptotic MGCs were also noted. Interesting, large vessels in the periphery showed transendothelial migration of MGCs positive for matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and macrophage fusion marker CD44. Further studies are needed to clarify the clinical significance of vascular extension in PGCL.
Creating data-driven products and services in Industry 4.0 – a case study on companies in the German machine and tool industry.
Authors: Permin Eike , Castillo Lina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the past ten years, lots of new data-driven products and services for tools, machinery and equipment have been developed. While several new players from other industries gained a certain market share, plant and machinery producers also started to enhance their portfolio to take on new data-driven products and services as a consequence of the technological changes in Industrie 4.0.
As a first part of the research, an extensive market study was carried out to analyze how many German companies already offer data-based products and services in addition to their core machines and understand what kind of offerings they make. To classify these offerings, a scheme based on established Industrie 4.0 maturity models was developed. In brief, the market for data-driven products and services is still developing, with few technology leaders and fast mover taking the largest share.
While the market study gave an overview of what was on offer, the second part of this contribution analyzes how the fast movers with a high level of Industrie 4.0 maturity conducted their data-driven services and products. Thus, these few companies were analyzed in more detail, based on public material as well as subsequent expert interviews. Most fast movers in this study relied on the same patterns and approaches, especially when looking at organizational issues such as customer-driven innovation, agile organization of operations, mixed teams, partnering and portfolio enhancement.
Protective effect of vitamins A, E and C on the Zinc oxide nanoparticles induced oxidative stress status in Kidney of male Wistar rats
Authors: Noorin Somayeh-Sadat , Abbasalipourkabir Roghayeh , Ziamajidi Nasrin , Nourian Alireza , Bahmani Mahdi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of All-trans retinoic acid, Alpha-tocopherol, and vitamin C against on ZnO-NP-induced kidney damage.
Material and methods
Fifty-four rats were divided into nine groups including Groups Con1 (deionized water), Con2 (olive oil), VitA (All-trans retinoic acid 1000IU/Kg), Group VitE (Alpha-tocopherol 100IU/Kg), VitC (Vitamin C 200 mg/Kg), ZnO (ZnO-NPs 200 mg/Kg), ZnO + VitA (All-trans retinoic acid 1000 mg/Kg + ZnO-NP 200mg/Kg), ZnO + VitE (Alpha-tocopherol 100IU/kg + ZnO-NP 200mg/Kg) and ZnO + VitC (VitaminC 200 mg/Kg + ZnO-NPs 200 mg/Kg). Expression of Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide mutase (SOD) genes were evaluated by Real-time PCR. Urea, Creatinine, Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Total oxidant status (TOS), Malondialdehyde (MDA), CAT, GPX and SOD activity were assayed by colorimetric methods.
Results
ZnO-NPs decreased TAC levels and, CAT, GPX, and SOD activity, and increased the levels of Urea, TOS, and MDA in the kidney. ZnO-NPs also caused to histopatological lesions in the tissue. Treatment with All-trans retinoic acid and Alpha-tocopherol prevented the worsening of oxidative stress and increased Urea and BUN levels. Thus, the mentioned variables in the ZnO + VitA and ZnO + VitE groups were not significantly different from those in the control groups. These vitamins improved the ZnO-NPs-induced kidney lesions.
Conclusion
Although present study revealed All-trans retinoic acid and Alpha-tocopherol partly prevent ZnO-NP-induced kidney damage, no significant difference was observed between the level of the studied variables in the groups ZnO + VitA and ZnO + VitE, and group ZnO. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate effect of these vitamins effects on ZnO-NP-induced nephrotoxicity with emphasis on other aspects such as inflammation.
Evaluation of emergency department visits and immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) in patients treated with nivolumab
Authors: Kudu Emre , Akdag Goncagul , Yildirim Mahmut Emre 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
: One of the most important innovations in cancer treatment is the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in the last decade. Nivolumab which is one of ICI is used in many cancer treatments. As with any drug, this drug also have some side effects including the class-spesific immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). Although irAE is not rare, it is challenging to diagnose. Therefore, we examined the emergency department (ED) visits of patients receiving nivolumab therapy. In addition to previous studies, this study aims to evaluate the irAE management, diagnostic difficulties and outcome of irAEs in the ED.
Material and Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on adult patients who received nivolumab therapy for any cancer between 1 April 2018 and 31 March 2023 at a large, urban tertiary care center. In this study we evaluated the ED visits of patients receiving nivolumab. In adddition to previous studies, we evaluated irAEs in detail (percentage, recognizability, risk factors, reasons for late recognition and outcome). Patient data was collected from electronic medical records and patient’s medical files. The anamnesis, laboratory, and imaging results, ED management, and consultation notes were examined separately for each ED visit. Logistic regression models were used to identify significant univariable predictors of ED visit and irAEs.
Results
One hundred ninety-nine patients were included in the study. All patients had metastatic cancer, and 154 patients (77.4%) received nivolumab therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Most patients (71.9%, n = 143) had at least one additional comorbidity. One hundred and eleven patients (55.8%) presented to the ED. Hypertension (OR: 2.425, 95% CI: 1.226–4.795, p = 0.011) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 2.489, 95% CI: 1.133–5.468, p = 0.023) are risk factors for presenting ED. Twenty-one visits were diagnosed (14 in ED, 6 in the oncology clinic, and 1 in the ward) as irAEs. The univariate analysis found no association between irAE diagnosis and any factors.
Conclusion
A significant part of the patients treated with nivolumab for advanced cancer presents to ED for ICI-related adverse events, although most cases were unrelated to irAEs. Close collaboration between ED physicians and oncologist is paramount to management of patients with cancer in the ED.
The Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on interleukin-34 in stage I and II periodontitis (A controlled clinical trial with biochemical analysis)
Authors: Ahmed Nada , Adel-Khattab Doaa , Ela Hala Abuel , Fouad Yasmine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
Interleukin 34 (IL-34) is the second active component of (the colony-stimulating factor receptor) CSF-1R, it is debatable whether IL-34 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine (as seen in Sjogren syndrome) or anti-inflammatory cytokine( as seen in Alzheimer disease) so this study was conducted to distinguish better whether IL-34 is a proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokine in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases and to evaluate the change of its levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontal disease after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).
Methods
45 patients were included in this study and allocated to 15 periodontally healthy individuals, 15 stage I grade B periodontitis patients, and 15 stages II grade B periodontitis. plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were assessed at baseline and 3 months after receiving NSPT. GCF samples were collected immediately and 3 months after therapy, levels of IL-34 in GCF samples were analyzed by Immunoassay.
Results
Regarding IL-34 GCF level, the Periodontitis Stage II group showed a statistically significantly highest mean IL-34 level than the Periodontitis Stage I and control groups, after three months, there was a statistically significant difference between mean IL-34 levels in the three groups Additionally, at baseline, there was a significant positive correlation between PD, CAL, and IL-34 levels. However, after 3 months there was no significant correlation between PD, CAL, measurements, and IL-34 levels.
Conclusion
IL-34 can be regarded as one of the pro-inflammatory markers of periodontal disease and may be investigated in the future as a potential target for periodontal disease therapy.
Correlating CT Volumetry with Actual Graft Volume in Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: khan Bilal ahmed , khalid abdullah , Saeed Zubair , khan muhammad yasir , Rashid Sohail , Haq Ihsan ul , Dar Faisal saud 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Liver transplantation offers a crucial treatment for end-stage liver diseases. Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is gaining prominence, especially in areas with deceased donor scarcity. Accurate preoperative liver volume assessment is critical in LDLT for predicting outcomes for the donor and recipient. This study focuses on evaluating the correlation between preoperative CT liver volume and actual intraoperative graft weight during LDLT at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre.
Methods:
A retrospective study of 472 liver donors was conducted between March 2019, and July 2023. Donors who underwent liver volume assessments for transplantation purposes were included. Those with liver steatosis, suboptimal liver volume, significant liver anomalies, and uncommon anatomical variations were excluded. CT scans were executed with a 128 slice GE Healthcare system, followed by volumetric reconstructions. The graft volume was determined post-resection by physically weighing the graft. Pearson's correlation analyzed the relationship between preoperative liver volume and intraoperative graft weight.
Results:
Among 472 donors, 56.36% were males (n = 266) and 43.64% females (n = 206). The average CT-predicted donor graft volume was 717.59 mL, while the actual post-operative graft weight averaged at 618.53 grams, resulting in an average difference of + 96.32 grams. The predominant graft type was the right lobe excluding the middle hepatic vein, accounting for 82.00% (n = 387). Gender-based analysis showed males had slightly larger average CT-predicted graft volumes (719.79 mL) compared to females (710.48 mL). A strong positive correlation was observed between CT-estimated donor graft volume and the actual graft weight (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.74, P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
CT-derived preoperative liver volumes consistently overestimate the actual intraoperative graft weights in LDLT. Despite this disparity, CT remains a valuable tool in preoperative assessments, with the correlation between CT estimates and actual graft weights showcasing its reliability. Further advancements in CT techniques may minimize these discrepancies in future applications.
Reduced toxicity (FluBu3) versus myeloablative (BuCy) conditioning in acute myeloid leukemia patients who received first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in measurable residual disease-negative CR1
Authors: Kim Hee-Je , Park Silvia , Bang Su-Yeon , Kwag Daehun , Min Gi June , Park Sung-Soo , Yoon Jae-Ho , Lee Sung-Eun , Cho Byung-Sik , Eom Ki-Seong , Kim Yoo-Jin , Lee Seok , Min Chang-Ki , Cho Seok-Goo , Lee Jong Wook , Lee Jong Hyuk , Yahng Seung-Ah , Kim Tong Yoon , Jeon Youngwoo , Lee Joon yeop , Shin Seung-Hwan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the present study, reduced toxicity (FluBu3) and myeloablative (BuCy) conditioning were compared in patients with AML who received first allogeneic HSCT in MRD-negative CR1. The study included 124 adult patients who underwent HSCT from an HLA-matched (8/8) sibling, unrelated, or 1-locus mismatched (7/8) unrelated donor (MMUD). The median age was 45 years and intermediate cytogenetics comprised majority (71.8%). The 2-year OS, RFS, CIR and NRM for BuCy (n = 78, 62.9%) and FluBu3 (n = 46, 37.1%) groups were 78.3% and 84.5% (p = 0.358), 78.0% and 76.3% (p = 0.806), 7.7% and 21.5% (p = 0.074) and 14.3% and 2.2% (p = 0.0324), respectively. At the time of data cut-off, relapse and NRM were the main causes of HSCT failure in each of the FluBu3 and BuCy arms. Among patients, 75% of relapsed FluBu3 patients had high-risk features of either poor cytogenetics or FLT3-ITD mutation compared with 16.7% of BuCy patients. The majority of NRM in the BuCy group was due to GVHD (73%), half of whom received MMUD transplantation. To conclude, the FluBu3 reduced toxicity conditioning showed comparable post-transplant OS and RFS to BuCy and was associated with significantly reduced NRM that was offset by a trend towards higher risk of relapse even in MRD-negative CR1 population.
ITFNet-API: Image and Text Based Multi-Scale Cross-Modal Feature Fusion Network for Agricultural Pest Identification
Authors: Yu KeJian , Xu WenWen , Zhang Cheng , Dai ZeXu , Ding Jie , Yue Yi , Zhang YouHua , Wu YunZhi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In agricultural production, pest problems are inevitable. In recent years, China has suffered annual losses of up to 40 million tons of grain due to various pests and diseases. There are over one million known insect species in the natural world, exhibiting complex and diverse morphologies, making manual identification costly. With the advancement of deep learning technologies, methods relying solely on image data for crop pest identification have achieved some success. However, these methods heavily depend on numerous high-quality annotated images. Many existing approaches overlook the role and value of other modalities beyond images and rely solely on low-level image features for recognition. They fail to fully exploit semantic correlations between multimodal data, leading to poor reliability and interpretability of the recognition results. Moreover, in real-world scenarios, pest habitats are complex and diverse, with varying scales, imposing high demands on the practical application of models. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a Multi-Scale Cross-Modal Feature Fusion Model (ITFNet-API) utilizing multi-scale visual features and textual features for cross-modal attention learning. Super-resolution reconstruction techniques are introduced to restore high-frequency information in low-quality images. To avoid altering low-frequency information during the reconstruction process, the reconstructed high-quality images are combined with the original images and fed into the model for feature learning to enrich pest features. The proposed Image and Text Fusion Module (ITFM) performs multi-scale cross-modal information fusion and an Inverse Transpose Convolution (ITC) network module is introduced to restore multi-scale visual features. The obtained visual features are input into the neck and head networks of the YOLOv4 (You Only Look Once version 4) model to obtain pest category and location information in each image. Finally, to verify the model’s practical application capability, this paper introduces an Arbitrary Combination Image Enhancement (ACIE) data augmentation method which generates a batch of complex multi-target, multi-scale pest images in challenging scenarios for data augmentation and model training. We conducted extensive comparative experiments based on the IP102 dataset to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results indicate that our method achieved an accuracy rate of 82.15% in pest recognition, outperforming other advanced methods significantly with an AP50 of 92.18%. Moreover, in multi-target recognition,the accuracy rate reached 45.24% with an AP50 of 43.04%.