bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New information triggers prospective codes to adapt for flexible navigation
Authors: Prince Stephanie M. , Yassine Teema A. , Katragadda Navya , Roberts Tyler C. , Singer Annabelle C. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTNavigating a dynamic world requires rapidly updating choices by integrating past experiences with new information. In hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, neural activity representing future goals is theorized to support planning. However, it remains unknown how prospective goal representations incorporate new, pivotal information. Accordingly, we designed a novel task that precisely introduces new information using virtual reality, and we recorded neural activity as mice flexibly adapted their planned destinations. We found that new information triggered increased hippocampal prospective representations of both possible goals; while in prefrontal cortex, new information caused prospective representations of choices to rapidly shift to the new choice. When mice did not flexibly adapt, prefrontal choice codes failed to switch, despite relatively intact hippocampal goal representations. Prospective code updating depended on the commitment to the initial choice and degree of adaptation needed. Thus, we show how prospective codes update with new information to flexibly adapt ongoing navigational plans.
Small variant benchmark from a complete assembly of X and Y chromosomes
Authors: Wagner Justin , Olson Nathan D. , McDaniel Jennifer , Harris Lindsay , Pinto Brendan J. , Jáspez David , Muñoz-Barrera Adrián , Rubio-Rodríguez Luis A. , Lorenzo-Salazar José M. , Flores Carlos , Ebrahim Sahraeian Sayed Mohammad , Narzisi Giuseppe , Byrska-Bishop Marta , Evani Uday S , Xiao Chunlin , Lake Juniper A. , Fontana Peter , Greenberg Craig , Freed Donald , Mootor Mohammed Faizal Eeman , Boutros Paul C. , Murray Lisa , Shafin Kishwar , Carroll Andrew , Sedlazeck Fritz J , Wilson Melissa , Zook Justin M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe sex chromosomes contain complex, important genes impacting medical phenotypes, but differ from the autosomes in their ploidy and large repetitive regions. To evaluate variant detection on chromosomes X and Y, we created an 111,725 variant benchmark for the Genome in a Bottle HG002 reference material. We show how complete assemblies can expand benchmarks to difficult regions, but highlight remaining challenges benchmarking complex gene conversions, copy number variable gene arrays, and human satellites.
Associations between sedentary behaviour and motor competence in 3–4-year-olds: A Systematic review
Authors: Kwofie Nana A , Janssen Xanne , Reilly John J 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSeveral studies have reported low adherence to World Health Organization sedentary behaviour guidelines in the early years. The purpose of this review is to test for associations between time spent in different types of sedentary behaviour (screen time, habitual sedentary behaviour) and motor competence (fundamental motor skills, fine and gross motor skills, locomotor skills, object control and balance) in 3–4-year-olds.METHODSFive databases were searched on the 27thof July 2021 with an updated search conducted on the 30thof September 2023: Web of Science (core collection), PUBMED Central, EMBASE (Ovid), SPORT Discus and ERIC. Studies were included in the review if they reported on an association between time spent in sedentary behaviour at ages 3-4 years and motor competence. The methodological quality for each of the included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Vote counting was used to determine the direction of associations.RESULTSOf 5276 total studies found in the search, 16 studies (12 cross-sectional, 4 longitudinal) from 11 different countries met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies examined the association between screen time and motor competence, six examined associations between time spent in sedentary behaviour with motor competence, and three papers examined the association of both screen time and time spent in sedentary behaviour with motor competence. Vote counting showed the direction of association to be predominantly negative for both screen time and time spent in habitual sedentary behaviour with the different components of motor competence. Quality of evidence ranged from 3-7 out of 9 for cross-sectional studies and 6-9 out of 12 for longitudinal studies.CONCLUSIONThere may be negative associations between time spent sedentary and motor competence in 3–4-year-olds. However, future studies with stronger study design are required to confirm these associations. Findings from this review should be considered when designing strategies and interventions to promote adherence to sedentary behaviour guidelines.
Micromagnetics and multiscale hysteresis simulations of permanent magnets
Authors: Yang Yangyiwei , Kühn Patrick , Fathidoost Mozhdeh , Xu Bai-Xiang 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Confronting the unveiled sophisticated structural and physical characteristics of permanent magnets, notably the samarium–cobalt (Sm-Co) alloy, This work aims to introduce a simulation scheme that can link physics-based micromagnetics on the nanostructures and magnetostatic homogenization on the mesoscale polycrystalline structures.

Design/methodology/approach
The simulation scheme is arranged in a multiscale fashion. The magnetization behaviors on the nanostructures examined with various orientations are surrogated as the micromagnetic-informed hysterons. The hysteresis behavior of the mesoscale polycrystalline structures with micromagnetic-informed hysterons is then evaluated by computational magnetostatic homogenization.

Findings
The micromagnetic-informed hysterons can emulate the magnetization reversal of the parameterized Sm-Co nanostructures as the local hysteresis behavior on the mesostructures. The simulation results of the mesoscale polycrystal demonstrate that the demagnetization process starts from the grain with the largest orientation angle (a) and then propagates to the surrounding grains.

Research limitations/implications
The presented scheme depicts the demand for integrating data-driven methods, as the parameters of the surrogate hysteron intrinsically depend on the nanostructure and its orientation. Further hysteron parameters that help the surrogate hysteron emulate the micromagnetic-simulated magnetization reversal should be examined.

Originality/value
This work provides a novel multiscale scheme for simulating the polycrystalline permanent magnets’ hysteresis while recapitulating the nanoscale mechanisms, such as the nucleation of domains, and domain wall migration and pinning. This scheme can be further extended to simulate the part-level hysteresis considering the mesoscale features.
Corporate governance education in Ghana: gender and school library to the rescue
Authors: Foli Jessie Yao , Awaah Fred , Solomon Yeboah 
Published: November 2023

PurposeCorporate governance and its training in universities have become an essential addition to the educational curriculum. Despite its expansion, students still need help to grasp some concepts, affecting their academic performance. This paper examines the expected influence of gender and school libraries on comprehending corporate governance concepts in Ghanaian universities.Design/methodology/approachWith the culturo-techno-contextual approach (CTCA) as the underlying theory, the study sampled 1050 undergraduate students from the selected Ghanaian public universities. The study adopted a quantitative approach, and the data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA.FindingsThe results show a statistically significant difference between male and female Ghanaian students in their understanding of corporate governance concepts, with the mean figures suggesting that males slightly understand corporate governance concepts more than females. The results also show a statistically significant difference among Ghanaian students studying using school libraries of varying quality in their understanding of corporate governance.Originality/valueThis study's novelty stems from examining the corporate governance curriculum in a developing country from the perspectives of gender and school library. Adopting the CTCA components in analysing school libraries and gender further evidences the study's novelty.
An ID card allowing access to municipal services for migrants with precarious status in Montreal and its influence on social inclusion: a mixed method study
Authors: Belval Jennyfer , Lambert Sylvie D. , Miller Catherine-Anne , Grosse Juliette , Boudreault Pénélope , Belzile Eric 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
An identification card facilitates access to municipal services for migrants with precarious status (MPS) in Montreal. The purpose of this study was to explore from MPS’ perspective the utility of the identity (ID) card and its influence on social inclusion for MPS.

Design/methodology/approach
A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used. First, a descriptive phone survey was administered (n = 119). Associations between ID card use and levels of social inclusion were assessed using ordinal logistic regression. Second, semi-structured interviews (n = 12) were done with purposely selected participants. Results were mixed using a statistics-by-theme approach.

Findings
Results showed that ID card users compared to nonusers reported higher levels of participation in society and more control/independence in daily life. No statistical associations were found between card use and sense of belonging nor sense of safety. Interviews highlighted that the ID card enabled participation in socio-recreational activities and perceived empowerment. A heightened sense of belonging was also found. Interview participants expressed fear of police despite owning the ID card.

Practical implications
Overall, although the municipal ID card promoted social inclusion for MPS, there is a need to render the ID card official to fully achieve this goal. Findings can inform the creation of public policies that foster inclusion and health of MPS in cities around the world.

Originality/value
Evaluation from MPS’ perspectives of the first ID card program of its kind in Canada.
Assessing shared value in innovation ecosystems: a new perspective of scorecard
Authors: Piantoni Giulia , Dell'Agostino Laura , Arena Marika , Azzone Giovanni 
Published: November 2023

PurposeMeasuring shared value (SV) created in innovation ecosystems (IEs) is increasingly relevant but complex, given the multidimensional and multiactor nature of both concepts, which challenges traditional performance measurement systems (PMSs). Moving from this gap, the authors propose an integrated approach to extend the balanced scorecard (BSC) for measuring and monitoring SV creation at IE level.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed approach combines the most recent contributions on PMS in IEs and SV to define perspectives and dimensions that are better suited to deal with the nature of both IEs and SV. The approach is also applied to the real case (Alpha) of an Italian IE through a step wise method. Starting from the IE vision, the authors identify in the strategy map the specific objectives related to each perspective/dimension combination and then associate a performance indicator with each objective.FindingsThe resulting SV BSC is composed of indicators interconnected along different perspectives and dimensions. The application of the approach to the real case proves its feasibility and highlights characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the SV BSC when used at IE level. The authors also provide guidelines for its application to other IEs.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the research on PMS by introducing and applying to a real case an integrated approach to assess SV in IEs, overcoming the shortcomings of PMS framed for single firms. It can be of interest for both researchers in the field of ecosystems value creation and practitioners managing or promoting such complex structures.
Preliminary findings on the use of “teaming” in elder abuse intervention: the RISE project
Authors: MacNeil Andie , Connolly Marie-Therese , Salvo Erin , Kimball Patricia F. , Rogers Geoff , Lewis Stuart , Burnes David 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Our understanding of what intervention strategies are effective in improving the well-being of older adults experiencing elder abuse and self-neglect (EASN) is severely limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of a method called “teaming,” a wraparound approach to provide enhanced social support to older adults experiencing EASN. A teaming intervention was administered by advocates in Maine, USA, as a component of a larger community-based EASN intervention, Repair harm, Inspire change, Support connection, Empower choice (RISE), implemented to complement adult protective services.

Design/methodology/approach
Qualitative interviews and a focus group were conducted with RISE advocates (n = 4). A descriptive phenomenological approach involving two independent assessors was used to code transcripts into themes and subthemes.

Findings
Three domains were identified: (1) team and support forming process, which describes the development of a supportive network based on each client’s needs; (2) techniques, which refers to the specific strategies advocates use to promote collectivity and shared responsibility around the client; and (3) implementation challenges, which discusses the difficulties advocates encounter when using teaming with people experiencing EASN.

Originality/value
This study represents the first in-depth exploration of teaming in the context of EASN intervention. Preliminary findings on the experiences of advocates suggest that teaming is a beneficial approach to support the individualized needs of each client, and to promote improved and sustainable case outcomes for clients.
Survival versus sustaining: A multidisciplinary inquiry of the environmental dilemma in rural Uganda
Authors: Muwanika Vincent B. , Perry Mia , Kayendeke Ellen J. , Pullanikkatil Deepa , Okot Alex , Thakadu Olekae T. , Mwesigwa Gordon Y. , Mfitumukiza David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe livelihoods of the majority of Uganda's population depend on declining environmental resources. The sustainability of the natural environment requires that the people who are interdependent with it, as well as the structures of governance and leadership around them, understand the implications of resource degradation and take deliberate steps towards restoration. The interdependency of human and environment conditions in Uganda requires multidisciplinary attention and this paper reflects a contribution to this end. Socio‐cultural perceptions and relations with a vulnerable environment are put into dialogue with the physical status of environmental resources in Alebtong District, Uganda. Southern epistemological perspectives are considered in relation to Western scientific paradigms. Culturally responsive socio‐cultural research data are related to MODIS NDVI data, using time series analyses and NDVI as a proxy for productivity. The research confirms the declining availability and condition of natural resources and the acknowledgement of local influence on this condition. Despite this, deliberate community and governance efforts towards conservation and restoration varied from non‐existent to insufficient. The causes for this inconsistency revolve around conflicting priorities. This paper demonstrates and discusses the difficult trade‐offs in decision‐making about natural resources that rural communities face, and supports new partnership models as a route to improvement.
Introducing the Berggruen Governance Index I: Conceptual and methodological framework
Authors: Anheier Helmut K. , Lang Markus , Knudsen Edward L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGovernance is at the heart of how well governments meet public needs and manage a wide array of common problems. Why do some countries perform poorly in delivering healthcare, reducing inequality, providing a clean environment or delivering some other public good to their populations even while they have the resources to do so? Does the capacity of states to provide the basics for societies to thrive depend on forms of democratic accountability that represents different interests, or are systems under technocratic control that impose solutions and disregard, even suppress, many voices better at meeting public needs? Existing indices do not systematically examine the relationship between the components that contribute to governance performance. In our understanding of governance, depicted as the Governance Triangle, public goods provision is a function of state capacity and accountability. Rather than focusing on a single composite performance measure, the Berggruen Governance Index examines the interactions among these dimensions. We find that the key to good governance is achieving a balance among the three dimensions on an upward and sustainable trajectory. This article introduces the Index and the conceptual and methodological framework that underpins it and then outlines the content of this special issue.
A falling star? Origins of declining state capacity and democratic accountability in the United States
Authors: Knudsen Edward L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe United States—often hailed as the ‘oldest democracy in the world’ and the ‘leader of the free world’—has fallen on hard times. In addition to recent headline‐grabbing political events that have highlighted its political dysfunction, data from the 2022 Berggruen Governance Index (BGI) reveal that overall state capacity and democratic accountability have been declining for years. Although public goods provision has remained on a steady course, the US still trails much of the developed world. We find this struggling performance is largely the result of neglecting three types of infrastructure: civic, physical and social. Specifically, we argue that the crisis became particularly pronounced due to an insufficient response to the 2008 global financial crisis. Although some recent political achievements could slow the decline, more drastic action will be required to reverse these troubling trends.
Sub‐Saharan Africa: Towards better governance and sustainability?
Authors: Anheier Helmut K. , Fröhlich Christian , List Regina A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe countries of the Sub‐Saharan region have, on average, made significant progress in governance performance, especially in terms of democratic accountability and public goods provision—findings that seem to contradict patterns of state fragility and economic underdevelopment common in the region. This article explores this seeming contradiction and presents in more detail findings from the Berggruen Governance Index regarding the governance performance of five countries, namely Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal and South Africa. Lagging state capacity and growing sovereign debt emerge as critical factors, and the article suggests that they may be responsible for the inability of many countries in the region to consolidate gains in governance as well as economic performance.
A measure to evaluate parenting interventions: Using inclusive research to modify a tool to measure change in parenting self‐efficacy during the antenatal period
Authors: Ip Athena , Kendall Sally , Jabeen Ali , Watkin Scott , Cox Anna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the right support, people with learning disabilities can be ‘good enough’ parents (Coren et al., 2011; Murphy & Feldman, 2002). Parenting programmes exist to support parents and are made accessible for people with learning disabilities who are expecting a baby, but evaluation of the benefit of these interventions is poor due to a lack of accessible outcome measures (May & Harris, 2020; Wade et al., 2008). The Tool to Measure Parenting Self‐Efficacy in the antenatal period (TOPSE‐ ante‐natal) measures the impact of parenting interventions on an individual's self‐efficacy during the antenatal period. This study aimed to modify the TOPSE ante‐natal tool through a process of inclusive research, to support a consistent approach to evaluating parenting interventions from the perspective of parents‐to‐be with learning disabilities.MethodsA two‐phase study using interviews and discussion groups was conducted in a process of inclusive research to modify the TOPSE ante‐natal tool. Phase one involved conducting eight cognitive interviews (interviews to understand how individuals process and recall information) with parents with learning disabilities. These were conducted remotely via Microsoft Teams, transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis (Krippendorff, 2013). Participants were recruited using snowballing techniques through the advisory groups' networks. Phase two included three discussion groups with study collaborators and advisors (n = 14) to assess the accessibility and acceptability of adaptations of the tool, each making further refinements for consideration.FindingsInterviews and discussion groups highlighted how parents‐to‐be with learning disabilities experienced some of the original TOPSE‐ante‐natal negative statements, including negative points on a Likert scale, difficult to comprehend. Figurative statements and unfamiliar words also caused confusion, and statements focussed on the pressures of parenting were experienced as confrontational by people with learning disabilities. Statements were removed or replaced and agreed upon in discussion groups to ensure that the tool was accessible and meaningful to people with learning disabilities.ConclusionsWe have used a process of inclusive research to modify a self‐efficacy tool for parents‐to‐be with learning disabilities that is freely available on the TOPSE website (https://www.topse.org.uk/site/). The next steps are for this tool to be used and validated in future studies evaluating parenting interventions for people with learning disabilities. This will inform a knowledge base of what interventions should be used by practitioners who are supporting people with learning disabilities to prepare for parenthood.
Characterising and mapping potential and experienced tranquillity: From a state of mind to a cultural ecosystem service
Authors: Purves Ross S. , Wartmann Flurina M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTranquil places that induce a sense of calm and peacefulness are important for those seeking respite from their stressful everyday lives. Although tranquillity is a word commonly used in everyday English, we show that its definition is complex, most often encompassing sight and hearing, with strong cultural and historical influences. To shed light on the concept of tranquillity and related research in geography and other disciplines, we (i) trace how tranquillity has been conceptualised and characterised (ii) outline how the potential for tranquillity has been modelled in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and (iii) highlight methods capable of extracting individual experiences of tranquillity from interviews, public participation GIS and text analysis. We conclude by charting a research agenda for tranquillity that makes a case for theory development across disciplines including human geography, GIS, and environmental psychology, with interdisciplinary methodologies that should be implemented and developed to better reflect the importance of the combination of physical environment and lived human experience in shaping experienced tranquillity. Based on its importance for people's well‐being, we argue for the recognition of tranquillity as a cultural ecosystem service in its own right. Finally, we call for a more holistic inclusion of tranquillity in policy‐making and planning, where a focus on tranquillity and associated positive landscape and soundscape elements could help extend the focus beyond simply protection from noise, towards creating liveable and healthy environments for the future.