bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereoelectroencephalography: a review of complications and outcomes in a new Australian centre
Authors: Murray‐Douglass Alexander , Papacostas Jason , Ovington Anne , Wensley Isaac , Campbell Robert , Gillinder Lisa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurgical management of refractory focal epilepsy requires preoperative localisation of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). To augment noninvasive studies, stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is being increasingly adopted as a form of intracranial monitoring.AimsThis study aimed to determine the rate of complications for patients undergoing SEEG and to report the success of SEEG with regard to EZ detection and seizure outcome following definitive surgery.MethodsA retrospective cohort design investigated all cases of SEEG at our institution. Surgical, anaesthetic and medical complications with subsequent epilepsy surgery and seizure outcome data were extracted from medical records. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between both the number of electrodes per patient and the duration of SEEG recording with the rate of complications.ResultsSixty‐four patients with 66 implantations were included. Headache was the most common complication (n = 54, 82%). There were no major surgical or medical complications. Two anaesthetic complications occurred. EZ localisation was successful in 63 cases (95%). Curative intent surgery was performed in 39 patients (59%) and 23 patients achieved an Engel class I outcome (59% of those undergoing surgery). The number of electrodes and duration of recording were not associated with complications.ConclusionsNo patients in our series experienced major surgical or medical complications and we have highlighted the challenges associated with neuroanaesthesia in SEEG. Our complication rates and seizure outcomes are equivalent to published literature indicating that this technique can be successfully established in newer centres using careful case selection. Standardised reporting of SEEG complications should be adopted.
Causes for 30‐day readmissions and accuracy of the LACE index in regional Victoria, Australia
Authors: Dreyer Reinhardt , Gome James 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundClinicians and funders continue to search for ways to reduce costs without sacrificing quality of care. Ongoing research should focus on innovative care models that identify patients at high‐risk for hospitalisation and thereby reduce healthcare costs.Aims and ObjectivesThis study examined readmission rates, comorbidity profiles and the performance of the LACEi (Length of stay, Acuity of admission, Charlson Comorbidity Index, ED admissions in the previous 6 months index) to predict the risk of 30‐day readmissions in a regional population. Furthermore, we tested a novel clinician‐orientated classification for the causes of 30‐day readmissions.DesignUsing a nested case–control design, data were extracted from administrative health records using 30‐day readmission status as the outcome. We defined cases as discharges within 30 days before readmission and controls without a discharge within 30 days before admission between 1 July 2020 and 30 June 2022.SettingThe study was conducted at South West Healthcare in Victoria, Australia.ParticipantsAll adult medical patients were discharged alive from the facility. We excluded planned readmissions, surgical and obstetric admissions, dialysis, transfers to alternative facilities and discharges against medical advice.Main Outcome MeasuresThirty‐day readmission rate, comorbidity profile for all admissions, LACEi for all admissions, the performance of the LACEi in our setting and the causes leading to readmission using a clinician‐orientated classification tool.ResultsComorbidity burden, male sex and age > 65 years were associated with increased readmission risk but not length of stay. The LACEi demonstrated modest predictive ability to identify high‐risk patients for readmissions (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.59). Additional variables were needed to increase accuracy. The novel classification identified 42% of readmissions as potentially avoidable.ConclusionOur study identified comorbidity burden, male sex and age ≥ 65 years as critical indicators for readmission risk. Although the LACEi showed moderate predictive ability, additional variables were needed for increased accuracy. Over 40% of readmissions were potentially avoidable, and nearly two thirds occurred within 14 days of discharge from the hospital.
Immunotherapeutic prospects and progress in bladder cancer
Authors: Liu Junwei , Gao Yue , Song Chao , Liao Wenbiao , Meng Lingchao , Yang Sixing , Xiong Yunhe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours of the urogenital system, with high morbidity and mortality. In most cases, surgery is considered the first choice of treatment, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. However, the 5‐year recurrence rate is still as high as 65% in patients with non‐invasive or in situ tumours and up to 73% in patients with slightly more advanced disease at initial diagnosis. Various treatment methods for bladder cancer have been developed, and hundreds of new immunotherapies are being tested. To date, only a small percentage of people have had success with new treatments, though studies have suggested that the combination of immunotherapy with other therapies improves treatment efficiency and positive outcomes for individuals, with great hopes for the future. In this article, we summarize the origins, therapeutic mechanisms and current status of research on immunotherapeutic agents for bladder cancer.
Association between surgery and rate of incident dementia in older adults: A population‐based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Reich Krista M. , Gill Sudeep S. , Eckenhoff Roderic , Berger Miles , Austin Peter C. , Rochon Paula A. , Nguyen Paul , Goodarzi Zahra , Seitz Dallas P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe risk of incident dementia after surgery in older adults is unclear. The study objective was to examine the rate of incident dementia among older adults after elective surgery compared with a matched nonsurgical control group.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based, propensity‐matched retrospective cohort study using data from linked administrative databases in Ontario, Canada. All community‐dwelling individuals aged 66 years and older who underwent one of five major elective surgeries between April 1, 2007 and March 31, 2011 were included. Each surgical patient was matched 1:1 on surgical specialty of the surgeon at consultation, age, sex, fiscal year of entry, and propensity score with a patient who attended an outpatient visit with a surgeon of the same surgical specialty but did not undergo surgery. Patients were followed for up to 5 years after cohort entry for the occurrence of a new dementia diagnosis, defined from administrative data. Cause‐specific hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between surgery and the hazard of incident dementia. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 27,878 individuals (13,939 matched pairs) were included in the analysis. A total of 640 (4.6%) individuals in the surgical group and 965 (6.9%) individuals in the control group developed dementia over the 5‐year follow‐up period. Individuals who underwent surgery had a reduced rate of incident dementia compared with their matched nonsurgical controls (HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.80–0.97; p = 0.01). This association was persistent in most subgroups and after sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsElective surgery did not increase the rate of incident dementia when compared with matched nonsurgical controls. This could be an important consideration for patients and surgeons when elective surgery is considered.
Clinicopathological characteristics of odontogenic carcinosarcoma: A systematic review
Authors: da Silveira Karoline Gomes , de Almeida Souto Montenegro Luiza , de Albuquerque Diana Santana , do Lago Carlos Augusto Pereira , Laureano Filho José Rodrigues , de Vasconcellos Ricardo José Holanda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present systematic review was to summarize evidence on odontogenic carcinosarcoma, analyzing clinical, epidemiological, imaging, histopathological, immunohistochemical, therapeutic, and prognostic features of this tumor.Materials and MethodsThis systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches were performed in the Ovid MEDLINE (Wolters Kluwer), PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), Scopus (Elsevier), and LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information) databases, without publication date or language restrictions. Case reports or case series of OCS reporting clinical, radiological, and histopathological data that confirmed the diagnosis were selected. The Joanna Briggs Institute—University of Adelaide tool was used for critical appraisal of the included articles.ResultsOdontogenic carcinosarcoma is a rare, aggressive tumor associated with high mortality; however, the metastasis rate is low. The tumor has a male predilection. The mean patient age is 40 years, but there is no predilection for age. The left posterior mandible is the most affected site, but no specific radiographic features have been reported.ConclusionGiven its rarity, dentists, oral‐maxillofacial surgeons, and physicians need to be aware of odontogenic carcinosarcoma in order to increase the diagnostic potential, preventing delays in diagnosis and treatment and thus contributing to lower morbidity of the tumor.
DNA content and clinicopathological features aid in distinguishing ameloblastic carcinoma from ameloblastoma
Authors: Penafort Paulo Victor Mendes , Rocha André Caroli , Mariano Fernanda Viviane , dos Santos Jean Nunes , Oliveira Márcio Campos , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Sperandio Marcelo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmeloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma are epithelial odontogenic tumors that can be morphologically similar. In the present study, we evaluated the DNA content and Ki‐67 index in the two tumors.MethodsThe paraffin blocks of the tumors were selected to obtain sections for the immunohistochemical reactions and preparation of the cell suspension for acquisition in a flow cytometer. The Random Forest package of the R software was used to verify the contribution of each variable to classify lesions into ameloblastoma or ameloblastic carcinoma.ResultsThirty‐two ameloblastoma and five ameloblastic carcinoma were included in the study. In our sample, we did not find statistically significant differences in Ki‐67 labeling rates. A higher fraction of cells in 2c (G1) was correlated with the diagnosis of ameloblastoma, whereas higher rates of 5c‐exceeding rate (5cER) were correlated with ameloblastic carcinoma. The Random Forest model highlighted histopathological findings and parameters of DNA ploidy study as important features for distinguishing ameloblastoma from ameloblastic carcinoma.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the parameters of the DNA ploidy study can be ancillary tools in the classification of ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma.
Real‐world safety and effectiveness of tenofovir alafenamide for 144 weeks in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Hige Shuhei , Aoki Kouji , Nakamoto Daisuke , Flaherty John F. , Botros Irina , Mizutani Hajime , Ishizaki Akinobu , Konishi Hiroki , Yuan Jason , Jinushi Masahisa , Ng Leslie J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a prodrug of tenofovir, delivers high levels of active drug to hepatocytes and is given in a lower dose than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). TAF reduces viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) similar to TDF and has shown a lower risk of the renal and bone toxicities associated with TDF use. This post‐marketing surveillance study examined the safety and effectiveness of TAF in treatment‐naïve and ‐experienced CHB patients who received TAF for 144 weeks at real‐world clinical sites in Japan. Safety assessments included the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), renal and bone events, and changes in selected laboratory parameters. Effectiveness was based on the proportion of patients with HBV DNA levels below the lower limit of quantitation or <29 IU/mL. This analysis included 580 patients; 18.4% of whom were treatment‐naïve. The cumulative incidence of ADRs was 0.21 per 100 person‐months, and the incidence of serious ADRs was 0.01 (95% CI, 0.00–0.04) per 100 person‐months. There were no ADRs of declines in estimated glomerular filtration rates, renal failure or proximal tubulopathy. The most common ADR was hypophosphataemia in seven (1.2%) patients. Two (0.4%) patients each had decreased blood phosphorus, bone mineral density decreased, dizziness and alopecia. Overall, the proportion of virologically suppressed patients increased from 68.8% at baseline to 97.5% at Week 144. These results confirm the real‐world safety and effectiveness of TAF in Japanese patients with CHB and are consistent with the findings of other evaluations of the safety and efficacy of TAF in CHB.
Efficacy of topical trichloroacetic acid 100% either alone or combined with topical tioconazole 28% versus systemic itraconazole in the treatment of onychomycosis
Authors: Ibrahim Al‐shimaa M. , Ibrahim Nermeen Sabry , Elgharabawy Eman S. , Morsi Hala Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of onychomycosis is still challenging and warrants the development of new treatment strategies. Different trials were conducted to increase the penetration and efficacy of topical antifungals aiming at finding an alternative treatment especially when systemic antifungals are contraindicated.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 100% either alone or combined with topical tioconazole 28% versus itraconazole pulse therapy in the treatment of onychomycosis.Patients/MethodsForty‐five patients with onychomycosis were divided into three groups: group (A) treated by topical TCA 100% for 12 sessions, group (B) treated by TCA 100% for 12 sessions combined with topical tioconazole 28% for 18 weeks and group (C) treated by itraconazole (400 mg/day for 1 week/month for 4 months).ResultsTCA 100% combined with topical tioconazole 28% showed the highest therapeutic response; however, the difference between the groups was statistically insignificant. Mycological cure (negative culture) was reported in 66.7% of group B versus 60% of group A and 40% of group C at the 20 week.ConclusionsTCA 100% is an effective and safe treatment option for onychomycosis especially when combined with antifungals. This modality is promising in the treatment of onychomycosis especially with the increased resistance to different antifungals.
Temporal trends in antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from a reference laboratory in the United States, 2011–2021
Authors: Ordaya Eloy E. , Abu Saleh Omar M. , Vergidis Paschalis , Deml Sharon M. , Wengenack Nancy L. , Fida Madiha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere are no established clinical breakpoints for antifungal agents against Cryptococcus species; however, epidemiological cut‐off values can help distinguish wild‐type (WT) isolates without any acquired resistance from non‐WT strains, which may harbour resistance mechanisms.Patients/MethodsWe describe the trends of antifungal MICs and percentages of WT C. neoformans species complex (CNSC) isolates processed in our reference laboratory from November 2011 to June 2021. There were only nine isolates in 2011, thus, we included them in the year 2012 for data analysis. Clinical data is also described when available.ResultsWe identified 632 CNSC, the majority collected from blood (n = 301), cerebrospinal fluid (n = 230), and respiratory (n = 71) sources. The overall percentage of WT isolates for amphotericin B (AMB), 5‐flucytosine, and fluconazole was 77%, 98%, and 91%, respectively. We noticed a statistically significant change in the percentage of AMB WT isolates over the years, with 98% of isolates being WT in 2012 compared to 79% in 2021 (p < .01). A similar change was not observed for other antifungal agents. Clinical data was available for 36 patients, primarily non‐HIV immunocompromised patients with disseminated cryptococcosis. There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical characteristics and outcomes between patients with WT (58.3%) versus non‐WT (41.7%) isolates, but we noticed higher mortality in patients infected with an AMB non‐WT CNSC isolate.ConclusionsWe observed an increase in the percentage of AMB non‐WT CNSC isolates in the past decade. The clinical implications of this finding warrant further evaluation in larger studies.
MdASMT9‐mediated melatonin biosynthesis enhances basal thermotolerance in apple plants
Authors: Gao Tengteng , Zhang Danni , Shen Wentao , Xu Shuo , Jia Xumei , Liu Xiaomin , Tan Kexin , Zhou Yi , Zhang Zhijun , Ma Fengwang , Li Chao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh temperatures negatively impact the yield and quality of fruit crops. Exogenous melatonin (MT) application has been shown to enhance heat tolerance, but the response of endogenous MT to heat stress, particularly in perennial fruit trees, remains unclear. The present study investigated the effects of high temperatures on transgenic apple plants overexpressing the MT biosynthesis gene N‐acetylserotonin methyltransferase 9 (MdASMT9). Endogenous MT protected transgenic plants from heat stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and protecting the chloroplasts from damage. Application of MT and overexpression of MdASMT9 also reduced abscisic acid accumulation through promoting MdWRKY33‐mediated transcriptional inhibition of MdNCED1 and MdNCED3, thus inducing stomatal opening for better heat dissipation. Furthermore, MT‐enhanced autophagic activity through promoting MdWRKY33‐mediated transcriptional enhancement of MdATG18a under heat stress. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of endogenous MT and its role in improving basal thermotolerance in perennial fruit trees.
Life under the snow: A year‐round transcriptome analysis of Antarctic mosses in natural habitats provides insight into the molecular adaptation of plants under extreme environment
Authors: Yu Jihyeon , Lee Hyoungseok , Cho Sung Mi , Lee Yelim , Kim Dockyu , Hong Soon Gyu , Park Sang‐Jong , Kim Sang‐Gyu , Jin Hongshi , Lee Jungeun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMosses are vital components of ecosystems, exhibiting remarkable adaptability across diverse habitats from deserts to polar ice caps. Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske, a dominant Antarctic moss survives extreme environmental condition through perennial lifecycles involving growth and dormancy alternation. This study explores genetic controls and molecular mechanisms enabling S. uncinata to cope with seasonality of the Antarctic environment. We analysed the seasonal transcriptome dynamics of S. uncinata collected monthly from February 2015 to January 2016 in King George Island, Antarctica. Findings indicate that genes involved in plant growth were predominantly upregulated in Antarctic summer, while those associated with protein synthesis and cell cycle showed marked expression during the winter‐to‐summer transition. Genes implicated in cellular stress and abscisic acid signalling were highly expressed in winter. Further, validation included a comparison of the Antarctic field transcriptome data with controlled environment simulation of Antarctic summer and winter temperatures, which revealed consistent gene expression patterns in both datasets. This proposes a seasonal gene regulatory model of S. uncinate to understand moss adaptation to extreme environments. Additionally, this data set is a valuable resource for predicting genetic responses to climatic fluctuations, enhancing our knowledge of Antarctic flora's resilience to global climate change.
ERF54 regulates cold tolerance in Rosa multiflora through DREB/COR signalling pathways
Authors: Chen Linmei , Chen Yeni , Zhang Huanyu , Shen Yuxiao , Cui Yongyi , Luo Ping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEthylene‐responsive factors (ERFs) participate in a wide range of physiological and biological processes. However, many of the functions of ERFs in cold stress responses remain unclear. We, therefore, characterised the cold responses of RmERF54 in Rosa multiflora, a rose‐related cold‐tolerant species. Overexpression of RmERF54, which is a nuclear transcription factor, increases the cold resistance of transgenic tobacco and rose somatic embryos. In contrast, virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) of RmERF54 increased cold susceptibility of R. multiflora. The overexpression of RmERF54 resulted in extensive transcriptional reprogramming of stress response and antioxidant enzyme systems. Of these, the levels of transcripts encoding the PODP7 peroxidase and the cold‐related COR47 protein showed the largest increases in the somatic embryos with ectopic expression of RmERF54. RmERF54 binds to the promoters of the RmPODP7 and RmCOR47 genes and activates expression. RmERF54‐overexpressing lines had higher antioxidant enzyme activities and considerably lower levels of reactive oxygen species. Opposite effects on these parameters were observed in the VIGS plants. RmERF54 was identified as a target of Dehydration‐Responsive‐Element‐Binding factor (RmDREB1E). Taken together, provide new information concerning the molecular mechanisms by which RmERF54 regulates cold tolerance.
Soluble humic acid suppresses plant immunity and ethylene to promote soybean nodulation
Authors: Li Dongmei , Wang Wenqian , Peng Yaqi , Qiu Xiaoqian , Yang Jinshui , Zhang Chunting , Wang Entao , Wang Xuelu , Yuan Hongli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSymbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) is a crucial process for nitrogen geochemical cycling and plant‐microbe interactions. Water‐soluble humic acid (WSHM), an active component of soil humus, has been shown to promote SNF in the legume‐rhizobial symbiosis, but its molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. To reveal the SNF‐promoting mechanism, we conducted transcriptomic analysis on soybean treated with WSHM. Our findings revealed that up‐ and downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in plant cell‐wall/membrane formation and plant defence/immunity in the early stage, while the late stage was marked by the flavonoid synthesis and ethylene biosynthetic process. Further study on representative DEGs showed that WSHM could inhibit GmBAK1d‐mediated immunity and BR signalling, thereby promoting rhizobial colonisation, infection, and nodulation, while not favoring pathogenic bacteria colonisation on the host plant. Additionally, we also found that the ethylene pathway is necessary for promoting the soybean nodulation by WSHM. This study not only provides a significant advance in our understanding of the molecular mechanism of WSHM in promoting SNF, but also provides evidence of the beneficial interactions among the biostimulator, host plant, and soil microbes, which have not been previously reported.
Spontaneous clinical remission of Nagashima‐type palmoplantar keratoderma in a patient of Korean descent with a heterozygous SERPINB7 mutation
Authors: Thakker Sach , Owusu‐Agyei Mariah , Marchalik Rachel , Kang Jun Kevin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNagashima‐type palmoplantar keratoderma (NPPK) is an autosomal recessive form of diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) characterized by thickening and redness of palms and/or soles. In this report, we describe a female patient of Korean descent who had clinical remission of her adult‐onset NPPK. To our knowledge, she is the first reported heterozygous SERBINB7 mutation carrier to present with classic NPPK who achieved spontaneous clinical remission.