bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of pain education on pain, disability, quality of life and self-efficacy in chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sidiq Mohammad , Muzaffar Tufail , Janakiraman Balamurugan , Masoodi Shariq , Vasanthi Rajkumar Krishnan , Ramachandran Arunachalam , Bansal Nitesh , Chahal Aksh , Kashoo Faizan Zaffar , Rivzi Moattar Raza , Sharma Ankita , Rai Richa Hirendra , Verma Rituraj , Sharma Monika , Alam Sajjad , Vajrala Krishna Reddy , Sharma Jyoti , Muthukrishnan Ramprasad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow back pain is one of the most common causes of pain-related disability worldwide. There are growing recommendations to use psychological approaches in the management of chronic low back pain. Pain education intervention is one such psychological approach aiming at re-conceptualizing pain beliefs and easing the pain threat value. This randomized controlled trial aimed to gain an understanding of the effectiveness of pain education on pain levels, disability, quality of life, and self-efficacy in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP).MethodsA two-arm parallel randomized trial was conducted recruiting 92 participants with CLBP, who were randomly allocated to either standard physiotherapy care with the pain education program, or the control group, and both groups received 6 weeks of intervention. Pain intensity (using NPRS), disability (using RMDQ), self-efficacy (using general self-efficacy scale), and wellbeing (using WHO 5I) were assessed before, and 6 weeks after the study intervention.FindingsThe post-intervention scores comparison between the groups showed that the pain education intervention reduced disability compared to the usual standard care at 6 weeks (mean difference 8.2, p < 0.001, effect size η2 = 0.75), the pain intensity (mean difference 3.5, p < 0.001, effect size η2 = 0.82) and improved the wellbeing index (mean difference 13.7, p < 0.001, effect size η2 = 0.58).ConclusionThe findings suggested that pain education program enhance the therapeutic benefits of usual standard physiotherapy care among participants with chronic LBP. We conclude that pain education seems to have clinical benefits when delivered along with standard care physiotherapy during the management of chronic low back pain.CTRI registration codeCTRI/2021/08/035963
Clinical sarcopenia identification: Justification for increased sensitivity in SARC-F scores for probable sarcopenia
Authors: Propst David , Dornemann Tim , Biscardi Lauren 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) recommends the use of the 5-item SARC-F questionnaire by clinicians to screen for probable sarcopenia. The recommended threshold of ≥4 has low sensitivity and high specificity in identifying probable sarcopenia. While this high threshold is capable of excluding clients without probable sarcopenia, difficulty lies in using this screening tool to identify clients with low muscle strength.Methods204 community-dwelling older adults (117 male, 87 female) above the age of 65 were screened at their physician visits using the SARC-F. Probable sarcopenia was diagnosed using gender-specific grip strength criteria defined by the EWGSOP2 (≤ 27 kg for men, ≤ 16 kg for women). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine a SARC-F threshold that optimized the tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of probable sarcopenia.ResultsProbable sarcopenia was present in 11.8% of participants. There were no differences in age (73.9 ± 6.2 years) or BMI (29.5 ± 5.8 kg/m2) between genders. Males had greater grip strength (36.3 ± 8.1; 22.4 ± 5.5 kg) and lower SARC-F scores (0.92 ± 1.65, 1.88 ± 2.31) than females. The ROC curve identified a SARC-F score of ≥2 as an optimal cutoff between sensitivity and specificity (AUC = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.67 – 0.88, p < .05). Accuracy (0.77), false positive rate (0.22), positive predictive value (0.31), and negative predictive value (0.96) were also calculated.ConclusionsA SARC-F threshold of ≥2 is recommended as an optimal tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity when identifying community-dwelling older adults with probable sarcopenia. This is lower than the currently accepted recommendation of ≥4. Our findings promote the recommended early detection and treatment by medical professionals by the EWGSOP2 by improving the ability to identify individuals with low muscle strength with this screening procedure.
Cardiovascular risk prediction using metabolomic biomarkers and polygenic risk scores: A cohort study and modelling analyses
Authors: Ritchie Scott C. , Jiang Xilin , Pennells Lisa , Xu Yu , Coffey Claire , Liu Yang , Surendran Praveen , Karthikeyan Savita , Lambert Samuel A. , Danesh John , Butterworth Adam S. , Wood Angela , Kaptoge Stephen , Angelantonio Emanuele Di , Inouye Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetabolomic platforms using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can now rapidly quantify many circulating metabolites which are potential biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we analyse ∼170,000 UK Biobank participants (5,096 incident CVD cases) without a history of CVD and not on lipid-lowering treatments to evaluate the potential for improving 10-year CVD risk prediction using NMR biomarkers in addition to conventional risk factors and polygenic risk scores (PRSs). Using machine learning, we developed sex-specific NMR scores for coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischaemic stroke, then estimated their incremental improvement of 10-year CVD risk prediction when added to guideline-recommended risk prediction models (i.e., SCORE2) with and without PRSs. The risk discrimination provided by SCORE2 (Harrell’s C-index = 0.718) was similarly improved by addition of NMR scores (ΔC-index 0.011; 0.009, 0.014) and PRSs (ΔC-index 0.009; 95% CI: 0.007, 0.012), which offered largely orthogonal information. Addition of both NMR scores and PRSs yielded the largest improvement in C-index over SCORE2, from 0.718 to 0.737 (ΔC-index 0.019; 95% CI: 0.016, 0.022). Concomitant improvements in risk stratification were observed in categorical net reclassification index when using guidelines-recommended risk categorisation, with net case reclassification of 13.04% (95% CI: 11.67%, 14.41%) when adding both NMR scores and PRSs to SCORE2. Using population modelling, we estimated that targeted risk-reclassification with NMR scores and PRSs together could increase the number of CVD events prevented per 100,000 screened from 201 to 370 (ΔCVDprevented: 170; 95% CI: 158, 182) while essentially maintaining the number of statins prescribed per CVD event prevented. Overall, we show combining NMR scores and PRSs with SCORE2 moderately enhances prediction of first-onset CVD, and could have substantial population health benefit if applied at scale.
Effects of Gene Dosage and Development on Subcortical Nuclei Volumes in Individuals with 22q11.2 Copy Number Variations
Authors: Schleifer Charles H. , O’Hora Kathleen P. , Fung Hoki , Xu Jennifer , Robinson Taylor-Ann , Wu Angela S. , Kushan-Wells Leila , Lin Amy , Ching Christopher R. K. , Bearden Carrie E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe 22q11.2 locus contains genes critical for brain development. Reciprocal Copy Number Variations (CNVs) at this locus impact risk for neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Both 22q11.2 deletions (22qDel) and duplications (22qDup) are associated with autism, but 22qDel uniquely elevates schizophrenia risk. Understanding brain phenotypes associated with these highly penetrant CNVs can provide insights into genetic pathways underlying neuropsychiatric disorders. Human neuroimaging and animal models indicate subcortical brain alterations in 22qDel, yet little is known about developmental differences across specific nuclei between reciprocal 22q11.2 CNV carriers and typically developing (TD) controls. We conducted a longitudinal MRI study in 22qDel (n=96, 53.1% female), 22qDup (n=37, 45.9% female), and TD controls (n=80, 51.2% female), across a wide age range (5.5-49.5 years). Volumes of the thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and anatomical subregions were estimated using FreeSurfer, and the effect of 22q11.2 gene dosage was examined using linear mixed models. Age-related changes were characterized with general additive mixed models (GAMMs). Positive gene dosage effects (22qDel < TD < 22qDup) were observed for total intracranial and whole hippocampus volumes, but not whole thalamus or amygdala volumes. Several amygdala subregions exhibited similar positive effects, with bi-directional effects found across thalamic nuclei. Distinct age- related trajectories were observed across the three groups. Notably, both 22qDel and 22qDup carriers exhibited flattened development of hippocampal CA2/3 subfields relative to TD controls. This study provides novel insights into the impact of 22q11.2 CNVs on subcortical brain structures and their developmental trajectories.
Executive function and underlying brain network distinctions for callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems in adolescents
Authors: Winters Drew E. , Dugré Jules R , Sakai Joseph T. , Carter R. McKell 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe complexity of executive function (EF) impairments in youth antisocial phenotypes of callous-unemotional (CU) traits and conduct problems (CP) challenge identifying phenotypic specific EF deficits. We can redress these challenges by (1) accounting for EF measurement error and (2) testing distinct functional brain properties accounting for differences in EF. Thus, we employed a latent modeling approach for EFs (inhibition, shifting, fluency, common EF) and extracted connection density from matching contemporary EF brain models with a sample of 112 adolescents (ages 13-17, 42% female). Path analysis indicated CU traits associated with lower inhibition. Inhibition network density positively associated with inhibition, but this association was strengthened by CU and attenuated by CP. Common EF associated with three-way interactions between density*CP by CU for the inhibition and shifting networks. This suggests those higher in CU require their brain to work harder for lower inhibition, whereas those higher in CP have difficulty engaging inhibitory brain responses. Additionally, those with CP interacting with CU show distinct brain patterns for a more general EF capacity. Importantly, modeling cross-network connection density in contemporary EF models to test EF involvement in core impairments in CU and CP may accelerate our understanding of EF in these phenotypes.
Population level gene expression can repeatedly link genes to functions in maize
Authors: Torres-Rodríguez J. Vladimir , Li Delin , Turkus Jonathan , Newton Linsey , Davis Jensina , Lopez-Corona Lina , Ali Waqar , Sun Guangchao , Mural Ravi V. , Grzybowski Marcin W. , Thompson Addie M. , Schnable James C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTranscriptome-Wide Association Studies (TWAS) can provide single gene resolution for candidate genes in plants, complementing Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) but efforts in plants have been met with, at best, mixed success. We generated expression data from 693 maize genotypes, measured in a common field experiment, sampled over a two-hour period to minimize diurnal and environmental effects, using full-length RNA-seq to maximize the accurate estimation of transcript abundance. TWAS could identify roughly ten times as many genes likely to play a role in flowering time regulation as GWAS conducted data from the same experiment. TWAS using mature leaf tissue identified known true positive flowering time genes known to act in the shoot apical meristem, and trait data from new environments enabled the identification of additional flowering time genes without the need for new expression data. eQTL analysis of TWAS-tagged genes identified at least one additional known maize flowering time gene throughtrans-eQTL interactions. Collectively these results suggest the gene expression resource described here can link genes to functions across different plant phenotypes expressed in a range of tissues and scored in different experiments.
Performance of A Point-of-care Fluorescence Immunoassay Test to measure anti Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 Spike, Receptor Binding Domain Antibody Level
Authors: Tiara Marita Restie , Djauhari Hofiya , Rachman Febi Ramdhani , Rettob Antonius Christianus , Utami Darmastuti , Pulungan Fahda Cintia Suci , Purwanta Heru , Wisaksana Rudi , Alisjahbana Bachti , Indrati Agnes Rengga 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuantitative determination of anti-SARSCoV2-S-RBD is necessary for the evaluation of vaccination effectiveness. Surrogate viral neutralization test (SVNT) is approved for measuring anti-SARSCoV2-S-RBD, but a point-of-care platform is needed to simplify anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD measurement. We aimed to evaluate the performance of a rapid fluorescent immunoassay-based kit, FastBio-RBDtm, compared to SVNT. During April–September 2021, we enrolled two groups of subjects; convalescent subject and subject without COVID-19 history. Subjects were tested for anti-SARS-CoV2-S-RBD antibody using FastBio-RBDtmand GenScript-cPASStmSVNT. We measured the correlation coefficient and conducted ROC analysis to determine the best cut-off value of anti-SARSCoV2-S-RBD against SVNT percent inhibition levels of 30% and 60%. We included 109 subjects. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD strongly correlated to SVNT %-inhibition with R value = 0,866 (p < 0,0001). ROC analysis showed that anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD of 6,71 AU/mL had 95,7% sensitivity and 87,5% specificity to detect percentage inhibition of 30%. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD of 59,76 AU/mL had a sensitivity of 88,1% and specificity of 97,0% to detect percentage inhibition of 60%. FastBio-RBDtmcan determine the presence and level of anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD with good sensitivity and specificity. It has the potential to be deployed in health facilities with limited resources.
DELLA Proteins Recruit the Mediator Complex Subunit MED15 to Co-activate Transcription in Land Plants
Authors: Hernández-García Jorge , Serrano-Mislata Antonio , Lozano-Quiles María , Úrbez Cristina , Nohales María A , Blanco-Touriñán Noel , Peng Huadong , Ledesma-Amaro Rodrigo , Blázquez Miguel A 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDELLA proteins are negative regulators of the gibberellin response pathway in angiosperms, acting as central hubs that interact with hundreds of transcription factors and regulators to modulate their activities. While the mechanism of transcription factor sequestration by DELLAs to prevent DNA binding to downstream targets has been extensively documented, the mechanism that allows them to act as co-activators remains to be understood. Here, we demonstrate that DELLAs directly recruit the Mediator complex to specific loci in Arabidopsis, facilitating transcription. This recruitment involves DELLA amino-terminal domain and the conserved MED15 KIX domain. Accordingly, partial loss of MED15 function mainly disrupted processes known to rely on DELLA co-activation capacity; including cytokinin-dependent regulation of meristem function and skotomorphogenic response, gibberellin metabolism feedback, and flavonol production. We have also found that the single DELLA protein in the liverwortMarchantia polymorphais capable of recruiting MpMED15 subunits, contributing to transcriptional co-activation. The conservation of Mediator-dependent transcriptional co-activation by DELLA between Arabidopsis and Marchantia implies that this mechanism is intrinsic to the emergence of DELLA in the last common ancestor of land plants.Significance StatementDELLA proteins are plant-specific transcriptional hubs integrating environmental signals with endogenous cues. In order to regulate downstream processes, DELLAs modulate the activity of hundreds of transcription factors and transcriptional regulators in various ways. Here, we describe the molecular mechanism underlying DELLA co-activator function. We show that DELLAs act as transcriptional activators in eukaryotic cells by interacting with the Mediator complex subunit MED15. Mediator function is necessary to regulate a subset of DELLA-regulated responses that are mediated by direct co-activation of DELLA-Transcription factors complexes. We further show that this mechanism is present in bryophyte DELLAs, and thus represents a conserved mechanism of DELLA function in land plants.
An electrochemical method for characterizing the structure of double-layer capacity
Authors: Xiong Xilin , Zhang Na , Niu Tong , Wu Quan 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The relation between metal corrosion behavior and double-layer capacity remains unclear. This study aims to put forward a novel method to measure double-layer capacity.

Design/methodology/approach
A novel model based on generalized Frumkin–Butler–Volmer equation was put forward. Combining this model with potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the structure of double-layer capacity can be characterized.

Findings
This study found that the corrosion rate of iron increased with NaCl solution concentration and temperature at the experimental range, but an essential difference existed. The capacity of the diffuse layer and Stern layer increased with temperature and decreased with NaCl solution concentration. The ratio of diffuse layer capacity and Stern layer capacity influences the corrosion rate directly, which can be regarded as one of the judging criteria for corrosion resistance of metal materials.

Originality/value
The convenient means of double-layer structure characterization is still blank. With this method, the corrosion behavior of metal materials can be further analyzed, especially in high-temperature and pressure environments.
A global review of the literature on and proxies of busy boards and audit committees
Authors: Tham Yeut Hong 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis study comprehensively reviews the global literature on busy boards and audit committees.Design/methodology/approachSix eight articles on busy boards and audit committees from prominent accounting journals are reviewed and analyzed under the “reputation” and “busyness” premise.FindingsMost studies advocating the “reputation” hypothesis have the consensus that busy directors have their benefits (knowledge spillovers), particularly regarding sharing their in-depth knowledge, experiences and expertise. This phenomenon is pronounced for younger and IPO firms, which have high advising and financing needs. From the “busyness” perspective, busy directors are too overboard in carrying out their duty effectively and responsibly.Practical implicationsThis study identifies future research avenues on busy boards/audit committees and suggests that policymakers and regulators should limit the number of board appointments.Originality/valueThis is the first study to extensively amalgamate research on busy directors and audit committees. It reveals the various proxies used to measure the busyness of board and audit committee members and the consequences of busyness.
Analyzing audiovisual data for understanding user's emotion in human−computer interaction environment
Authors: Yang Juan , Li Zhenkun , Du Xu 
Published: November 2023

PurposeAlthough numerous signal modalities are available for emotion recognition, audio and visual modalities are the most common and predominant forms for human beings to express their emotional states in daily communication. Therefore, how to achieve automatic and accurate audiovisual emotion recognition is significantly important for developing engaging and empathetic human–computer interaction environment. However, two major challenges exist in the field of audiovisual emotion recognition: (1) how to effectively capture representations of each single modality and eliminate redundant features and (2) how to efficiently integrate information from these two modalities to generate discriminative representations.Design/methodology/approachA novel key-frame extraction-based attention fusion network (KE-AFN) is proposed for audiovisual emotion recognition. KE-AFN attempts to integrate key-frame extraction with multimodal interaction and fusion to enhance audiovisual representations and reduce redundant computation, filling the research gaps of existing approaches. Specifically, the local maximum–based content analysis is designed to extract key-frames from videos for the purpose of eliminating data redundancy. Two modules, including “Multi-head Attention-based Intra-modality Interaction Module” and “Multi-head Attention-based Cross-modality Interaction Module”, are proposed to mine and capture intra- and cross-modality interactions for further reducing data redundancy and producing more powerful multimodal representations.FindingsExtensive experiments on two benchmark datasets (i.e. RAVDESS and CMU-MOSEI) demonstrate the effectiveness and rationality of KE-AFN. Specifically, (1) KE-AFN is superior to state-of-the-art baselines for audiovisual emotion recognition. (2) Exploring the supplementary and complementary information of different modalities can provide more emotional clues for better emotion recognition. (3) The proposed key-frame extraction strategy can enhance the performance by more than 2.79 per cent on accuracy. (4) Both exploring intra- and cross-modality interactions and employing attention-based audiovisual fusion can lead to better prediction performance.Originality/valueThe proposed KE-AFN can support the development of engaging and empathetic human–computer interaction environment.
Effects of pre-shearing and pre-consolidation histories on liquefaction behaviour of saturated loose sand: DEM investigation
Authors: Zhu Minyi , Gong Guobin , Ding Xuehuiru , Wilkinson Stephen 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe study aims to investigate the effects of pre-loading histories (pre-shearing and pre-consolidation) on the liquefaction behaviour of saturated loose sand via discrete element method (DEM) simulations.Design/methodology/approachThe pre-shearing history is mimicked under drained conditions (triaxial compression) with different pre-shearing strain levels ranging from 0% to 2%. The pre-consolidation history is mimicked by increasing the isotropic compression to different levels ranging from 100 kPa to 300 kPa. The macroscopic and microscopic behaviours are analysed and compared.FindingsTemporary liquefaction, or quasi-steady state (QSS), is observed in most samples. A higher pre-shearing or pre-consolidation level can provide higher liquefaction resistance. The ultimate state line is found to be unique and independent of the pre-loading histories in stress space. The Lade instability line prematurely predicts the onset of liquefaction for all samples, both with and without pre-loading histories. The redundancy index is an effective microscopic indicator to monitor liquefaction, and the onset of the liquefaction corresponds to the phase transition state where the value of redundancy index is one, which is true for all cases irrespective of the proportions of sliding contacts.Originality/valueThe liquefaction behaviour of granular materials still remains elusive, especially concerning the effects of pre-loading histories on soils. Furthermore, the investigation of the effects of pre-consolidation histories on undrained behaviour and its comparison to pre-sheared samples is rarely reported in the DEM literature.