bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Process and outcomes from systemization of a longitudinal advanced pharmacy practice experience (LAPPE) program
Authors: Deyhim Niaz , Dunne Ian E , Nguyen Phuoc Anne , Fasoranti Oyejoke O , Crew Cassie M , Liebl Michael G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Longitudinal models for completing advanced pharmacy practice experiences were implemented to enhance experiential training efficiency through extracurricular experiences and to offer high-quality learning continuously. Through multihospital expansion of an established single-site longitudinal advanced pharmacy practice experience (LAPPE) program, the expanded collaborative opportunities support the development of new concepts that enhance integrated learning.

Methods
An observational study was designed to describe the approach for constructing a LAPPE program integrated across a multihospital system, to assess the professional skills gained by the program graduates, and to evaluate program impact on graduates’ professional career. A questionnaire was developed for current students to assess the program’s impact across 5 domains. Value-added benefits for the health system and challenges to implementation of a systemized program were reviewed as guidance for institutions interested in implementing such a model.

Results
Expansion of a single-site LAPPE program across a multihospital health system requires significant coordination from leadership, especially during the recruitment and interview process. Additionally, integration of preceptors across sites bolsters student experiences for various professional activities offered in a LAPPE program. This program’s questionnaire results pointed toward an increase in students’ knowledge and skills in preparation for postgraduate training. For students entering the ASHP Resident Matching Program, there was a 100% residency match rate before and after program systemization.

Conclusion
The expansion of a LAPPE program across a multihospital system offers intangible benefits to an institution, expands self-reported competencies, and establishes a foundation for postgraduate success. This model may be utilized at institutions with similar interest to implement, expand, or systemize a LAPPE program.
Pharmacy-driven performance improvement initiative to increase compliance with intravenous smart pump drug error reduction systems at a large urban academic medical center
Authors: Abboudi Eliana , Baron Sarah W , Goriacko Pavel , Messing Emily , Sinnett Mark , Uwechia Uzoamaka 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Smart pump dose error reduction systems (DERS) reduce errors for intravenous (IV) administration medications by warning users of order, calculation, and programming errors. The purpose of this performance improvement initiative was to increase IV smart pump DERS usage from 77% to 95% at a large, urban academic medical center.

Methods
A pharmacy-led team with nurses, physicians, and quality improvement specialists executed interventions from July 2020 through April 2022 to increase DERS compliance. A discovery phase (phase I) was followed by 6 Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles created to address barriers to DERS utilization. Phase I revealed that problems involving the DERS library and bedside nurse training were the major drivers of noncompliance. Phase II consisted of 3 system-level PDSA cycles, and phase III included 3 focused group PDSA cycles. Data were collected monthly from the smart pump reporting software by the informatics pharmacist and analyzed by the team to assess compliance rates in response to the corresponding interventions.

Results
The median DERS compliance increased from 77% to 83% over the 2-year period, which correlates with approximately 109,000 additional infusions run on DERS each year within our institution. The implementation of a DERS problem reporting tool accessed through the medication administration record resulted in the most pronounced improvement.

Conclusion
DERS compliance improved following system-level sustainable interventions, although further PDSA cycles are needed to meet the goal DERS utilization rate of 95%. The results of this study may help other institutions attempting to improve DERS utilization create targeted interventions.
Scoring big: Aligning inpatient clinical pharmacy services through implementation of an electronic scoring system
Authors: Patel Nisha , To Long , Griebe Kristin , Efta Jessica , Knoth Nicole , Johnson Joey , Fitzmaurice Mary Grace , Bajwa Manisha , Stuart Misa , Procopio Vince , Stine John , MacDonald Nancy C , Peters Mike , Ratusznik Martin , Kalus Jamie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Data are limited on utilizing a comprehensive scoring system in the electronic health record to help prioritize, align, and standardize clinical pharmacy services across multiple hospitals and practice models within a health system. The purpose of this article is to describe the development and implementation of an electronic scoring system to help inpatient pharmacists prioritize patient care activities and standardize clinical services across a diverse health system.

Summary
Inpatient pharmacists from all specialty areas across the health system partnered with health information technology pharmacists to develop a scoring system directly integrated into the electronic health record that would help triage patient care, identify opportunities for pharmacist intervention, and prioritize clinical pharmacy services. Individual variables were built based on documented patient parameters such as use of high-risk medications, pharmacy consults, laboratory values, disease states, and patient acuity. Total overall scores were assigned to patients based on the sum of the scores for the individual variables, which update automatically in real time. The total scores were designed to help inpatient pharmacists prioritize patients with higher scores, thus reducing the need for manual chart review to identify high-risk patients.

Conclusion
An electronic scoring system with a tiered point system developed for inpatient pharmacists creates a method to prioritize and align clinical pharmacy services across a health system with diverse pharmacy practice models.
Dysregulated iron homeostasis in dystrophin-deficient cardiomyocytes: correction by gene editing and pharmacological treatment
Authors: Andrysiak Kalina , Machaj Gabriela , Priesmann Dominik , Woźnicka Olga , Martyniak Alicja , Ylla Guillem , Krüger Marcus , Pyza Elżbieta , Potulska-Chromik Anna , Kostera-Pruszczyk Anna , Łoboda Agnieszka , Stępniewski Jacek , Dulak Józef 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)-associated cardiomyopathy is a serious life-threatening complication, the mechanisms of which have not been fully established, and therefore no effective treatment is currently available. The purpose of the study was to identify new molecular signatures of the cardiomyopathy development in DMD.

Methods and results
For modelling of DMD-associated cardiomyopathy, we prepared three pairs of isogenic control and dystrophin-deficient human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines. Two isogenic hiPSC lines were obtained by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of DMD exon 50 in unaffected cells generated from healthy donor and then differentiated into cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM). The latter were subjected to global transcriptomic and proteomic analyses followed by more in-depth investigation of selected pathway and pharmacological modulation of observed defects. Proteomic analysis indicated a decrease in the level of mitoNEET protein in dystrophin-deficient hiPSC-CM, suggesting alteration in iron metabolism. Further experiments demonstrated increased labile iron pool both in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, a decrease in ferroportin level and an increase in both ferritin and transferrin receptor in DMD hiPSC-CM. Importantly, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated correction of the mutation in the patient-derived hiPSC reversed the observed changes in iron metabolism and restored normal iron levels in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, treatment of DMD hiPSC-CM with deferoxamine (DFO, iron chelator) or pioglitazone (mitoNEET stabilizing compound) decreased the level of reactive oxygen species in DMD hiPSC-CM.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this study demonstrated for the first time impaired iron metabolism in human DMD cardiomyocytes, and potential reversal of this effect by correction of DMD mutation or pharmacological treatment. This implies that iron overload-regulating compounds may serve as novel therapeutic agents in DMD-associated cardiomyopathy.
Tricuspid isthmus ablation with pulsed-field power by linear catheter: a case report
Authors: Li Xinzhong , Huang Long , Li Jianyong , Huang Senlin , Wang Yuegang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Pulsed-field ablation using annular or petal-shaped catheters had been proven to be effective for achieving electrical isolation of pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, the utilization of linear pulse-field power for treating atrial flutter has yet to been documented.

Case summary
In this report, we present a case involving the successful treatment of tricuspid isthmus–dependent atrial flutter treated with a linear pulsed-field catheter. The patient, a 71-year-old male, presents with an electrocardiogram indicating atrial flutter. Subsequent electrophysiological examination reveals typical atrial flutter that is dependent on the cavo-tricuspid isthmus (CTI). This condition is successfully terminated through the application of linear pulsed-field ablation.

Discussion
This case represents a pioneering instance of CTI-dependent atrial flutter ablation utilizing linear pulse-field power. The innovative approach not only effectively treats the patient but also serves as a valuable reference for future applications of linear treatment with pulsed-field ablation.
Impact of aortopulmonary collaterals on adverse events after total cavopulmonary connection
Authors: Osawa Takuya , Schaeffer Thibault , Borgmann Kristina , Schmiel Mervin , Staehler Helena , Di Padua Chiara , Heinisch Paul Philipp , Piber Nicole , Mutsuga Masato , Hager Alfred , Ewert Peter , Hörer Jürgen , Ono Masamichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Effects of aortopulmonary collaterals (APCs) on outcomes after the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) are unclear. This study evaluated the incidence of APCs before and after TCPC and analysed the impacts of APCs on adverse outcomes.

METHODS
A total of 585 patients, who underwent TCPC from 1994 to 2020 and whose preoperative angiographies were available, were included. Pre-TCPC angiograms in all patients were used for the detection of APCs, and post-TCPC angiograms were evaluated in selected patients. Late adverse events included late death, protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) and plastic bronchitis (PB).

RESULTS
The median age at TCPC was 2.3 (1.8–3.4) years with a body weight of 12 (11–14) kg. APCs were found in 210 patients (36%) before TCPC and in 81 (14%) after TCPC. The closure of APCs was performed in 59 patients (10%) before TCPC, in 25 (4.2%) at TCPC and in 59 (10%) after TCPC. The occurrences of APCs before and after TCPC were not associated with short-term or mid-term mortality. The APCs before TCPC were associated with chylothorax (P = 0.025), prolonged chest tube duration (P = 0.021) and PB (P = 0.008). The APCs after TCPC were associated with PLE (P &lt; 0.001) and PB (P &lt; 0.001). With APCs following TCPC, freedom from PLE and PB was lower than without (P &lt; 0.001, P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
APCs before TCPC were associated with chylothorax, prolonged chest tube duration and PB. APCs after TCPC were associated with both PLE and PB. The presence of APCs might affect the lymph drainage system and increase the incidence of chylothorax, PLE and PB.
Habitat-related variability in the morphological and taxonomic diversity of microbial communities in two Hungarian epigenic karst caves
Authors: Lange-Enyedi Nóra Tünde , Borsodi Andrea K , Németh Péter , Czuppon György , Kovács Ivett , Leél-Őssy Szabolcs , Dobosy Péter , Felföldi Tamás , Demény Attila , Makk Judit 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The physical and chemical characteristics of the bedrock, along with the geological and hydrological conditions of karst caves may influence the taxonomic and functional diversity of prokaryotes. Most studies so far have focused on microbial communities of caves including only a few samples and have ignored the chemical heterogeneity of different habitat types such as sampling sites, dripping water, carbonate precipitates, cave walls, cave sediment and surface soils connected to the caves. The aim of the present study was to compare the morphology, the composition and physiology of the microbiota in caves with similar environmental parameters (temperature, host rock, elemental and mineral composition of speleothems) but located in different epigenic karst systems. Csodabogyós Cave and Baradla Cave (Hungary) were selected for the analysis of bacterial and archaeal communities using electron microscopy, amplicon sequencing, X-ray diffraction, and mass spectroscopic techniques. The microbial communities belonged to the phyla Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, Nitrospirota and Nitrososphaerota, and they showed site-specific variation in composition and diversity. The results indicate that morphological and physiological adaptations provide survival for microorganisms according to the environment. In epigenic karst caves, prokaryotes are prone to increase their adsorption surface, cooperate in biofilms, and implement chemolithoautotrophic growth with different electron-donors and acceptors available in the microhabitats.
The potential role of protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) during parasitic infections: a focus on Leishmania spp
Authors: Dousti Majid , Hosseinpour Masoumeh , D Ghasemi Nadia , Mirfakhraee Hosna , Rajabi Shahin K , Rashidi Sajad , Hatam Gholamreza 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of vector-borne diseases caused by intracellular protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania. Leishmania parasites can employ different and numerous sophisticated strategies, including modulating host proteins, cell signaling, and cell responses by parasite proteins, to change the infected host conditions to favor the parasite persistence and induce pathogenesis. In this sense, protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) have been described as crucial proteins that can be modulated during leishmaniasis and affect the pathogenesis process. The effect of modulated PDIs can be investigated in both aspects, parasite PDIs and infected host cell PDIs, during infection. The information concerning PDIs is not sufficient in parasitology; however, this study aimed to provide data regarding the biological functions of such crucial proteins in parasites with a focus on Leishmania spp. and their relevant effects on the pathogenesis process. Although there are no clinical trial vaccines and therapeutic approaches, highlighting this information might be fruitful for the development of novel strategies based on PDIs for the management of parasitic diseases, especially leishmaniasis.
Posttraumatic arteriovenous fistula of the lower extremity and the pathological characteristic—case series and literature review
Authors: He Changhuai , Ye Pin , Cai Xun , Li Yiqing , Cai Chuanqi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The clinical presentation, treatment history, and outcomes of two patients with posttraumatic arteriovenous fistula (PTAVF) were analyzed and compared with the pathological tissues of patients with hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula (HAVF). A search of the biomedical literature database (PubMed), using the keywords “ lower extremity” and “PTAVF,” was conducted to obtain results and review the data. Postoperative histological analysis of patients with PTAVF showed differences from that of HAVF. The literature screening and analysis revealed that PTAVF is a chronic progressive process, with 70% of patients diagnosed after 3 months. The choice of treatment revealed that 20% of patients had severe complications and all were treated endovascularly. Due to the abnormal fistula of PTAVF and its specific histopathological features, the disease is not self-limiting. It is unwise to wait for PTAVF to cause “failure.” We recommend early and timely cure of this disease by surgery to avoid serious complications.
Microfinance’s transformational potential: looking beyond average treatment effects
Authors: Cueva Ronald A , Osman Adam , Speer Jamin D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hundreds of studies have examined the impacts of microfinance, finding mostly modest or disappointing results. In this article, instead of asking whether microfinance works on average, we study the varied impacts of microfinance. Using data from several prominent recent studies, we show that the heterogeneity in returns to microcredit, microsavings, and microinsurance is large. This means that even programmes that are not effective on average could be transformational for some people. We call for researchers and policy-makers to focus more on identifying those who will benefit from microfinance, and understanding why they do. Together this will improve the targeting of these interventions, increase their positive impact, and help improve the design of future products.
Selected microfinance crises: past, present, and future
Authors: Mendelson Sam , Rozas Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic is the most recent—and most severe—crisis to face the microfinance/financial inclusion sector, but it was far from the first. From its earliest years, crises have appeared throughout the modern history of microfinance, and the responses they engendered have included some of the most significant reforms and innovations in the sector. In this paper, we describe selected historical crises—Peru in the 1980s, Grameen in the 1990s, and Andhra Pradesh and others in the 2007–2010 period—through their legacy and impact on the sector’s activities and priorities. We then examine some of the pressures on institutions during the pandemic, through interview data with MFI leaders from the Sentinel Project conducted during 2021–22. We argue that the resilience of the sector to the unprecedented pressures of the pandemic can be traced to many of these historical post-crisis reforms—and consider what this means for future crisis responses.
Global density-dependent α–nucleon interaction for α–nucleus elastic scattering
Authors: Furumoto T , Tsubakihara K , Ebata S , Horiuchi W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We provide a global density-dependent 4He–nucleon (DD-αN) interaction to construct the α–nucleus optical model potential (OMP) across a wide range of incident energies. The global parametrization for the DD-αN interaction is obtained based on the proton–4He OMP, which reproduces the elastic scattering cross-section data very well in the incident energies of 12.04–500 MeV per nucleon. Using the present DD-αN interaction, we derive the α–nucleus potential by a folding procedure with the point-nucleon density obtained by a microscopic mean-field model. The density dependence of the DD-αN interaction is fixed phenomenologically to reproduce the α–nucleus elastic scattering cross-section data obtained from 16O, 40Ca, 58Ni, 90Zr, and 208Pb targets at E/A = 10–342.5 MeV. We also show the total reaction cross sections, which are helpful in fixing one free parameter, the renormalization factor for the imaginary part of the α–nucleus potential. Lastly, we show some examples, which clearly demonstrate the validity and power of the present DD-αN approach.
Physeal Fractures of the Distal Ulna: Incidence and Risk Factors for Premature Growth Arrest
Authors: Lee Julianna , Värk Pille-Riin , Mendenhall Shaun D. , Chang Benjamin , Buttrick Eliza , Shah Apurva S. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The aim of this study is to assess the rate of distal ulnar growth arrest following physeal fracture and to identify specific risk factors for premature physeal closure.

Methods:
A retrospective review of patients with a distal ulnar physeal fracture was performed at a single United States children’s hospital. Patients without 6-month follow-up were excluded. Patient demographics, injury characteristics, treatment, and outcomes were abstracted. Fractures were classified by the Salter-Harris (SH) system. All follow-up radiographs were reviewed for changes in ulnar variance or signs of premature physeal arrest.

Results:
Fifty-six children with distal ulnar physeal fracture at a mean age of 10.7±3.3 years were included with a mean follow-up of 1.9 years. The most common fracture pattern was a SH II (52.7%), versus SH I (29.1%), SH III (9.1%), and SH IV (9.1%). Of displaced fractures (41.1%), the mean translation was 40.2±38.3% the and mean angulation was 24.8±20.9 degrees. Eleven fractures (19.6%) demonstrated radiographic signs of growth disturbance, including 3 patients (5.4%) with growth disturbance but continued longitudinal growth and 8 patients (14.3%) with complete growth arrest. The average ulnar variance was −3.4 mm. Three patients underwent subsequent surgical reconstruction including ulnar lengthening with an external fixator, distal ulna completion epiphysiodesis with distal radius epiphysiodesis, and ulnar corrective osteotomy. Patients with displaced fractures and SH III/IV fractures were more likely to develop a growth disturbance (34.8% vs. 3.2%, P=0.003; 50.0% vs. 11.1%, P=0.012, respectively). Children with less than 2 years of skeletal growth remaining at the time of injury had a higher risk of growth disturbance (46.2% vs. 9.5%, P=0.007).

Conclusions:
SH III and IV fractures are more common injury patterns in the distal ulna compared with the distal radius. Growth disturbance or growth arrest occurs in ~20% of distal ulnar physeal fractures. Displaced fractures, intra-articular fractures, fractures requiring open reduction, and older children are at increased risk of distal ulnar growth arrest and should be followed more closely.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—-case series.