bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated cognitive impairment in people with multiple sclerosis: frequency, MRI patterns and its development over time
Authors: Bouman Piet M. , van Dam Maureen A. , Jonkman Laura E. , Steenwijk Martijn D. , Schoonheim Menno M. , Geurts Jeroen J. G. , Hulst Hanneke E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To study the frequency of isolated (i.e., single-domain) cognitive impairments, domain specific MRI correlates, and its longitudinal development in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Methods
348 PwMS (mean age 48 ± 11 years, 67% female, 244RR/52SP/38PP) underwent neuropsychological testing (extended BRB-N) at baseline and at five-year follow-up. At baseline, structural MRI was acquired. Isolated cognitive impairment was defined as a Z-score of at least 1.5 SD below normative data in one domain only (processing speed, memory, executive functioning/working memory, and attention). Multi-domain cognitive impairment was defined as being affected in ≥ 2 domains, and cognitively preserved otherwise. For PwMS with isolated cognitive impairment, MRI correlates were explored using linear regression. Development of isolated cognitive impairment over time was evaluated based on reliable change index.

Results
At baseline, 108 (31%) PwMS displayed isolated cognitive impairment, 148 (43%) PwMS displayed multi-domain cognitive impairment. Most PwMS with isolated cognitive impairment were impaired on executive functioning/working memory (EF/WM; N = 37), followed by processing speed (IPS; N = 25), memory (N = 23), and attention (N = 23). Isolated IPS impairment was explained by a model of cortical volume and fractional anisotropy (adj. R2 = 0.539, p < 0.001); memory by a model with cortical volume and hippocampal volume (adj. R2 = 0.493, p = 0.002); EF/WM and attention were not associated with any MRI measure. At follow-up, cognitive decline was present in 11/16 (69%) of PwMS with isolated IPS impairment at baseline. This percentage varied between 18 and 31% of PwMS with isolated cognitive impairment in domains other than IPS at baseline.

Conclusion
Isolated cognitive impairment is frequently present in PwMS and can serve as a proxy for further decline, particularly when it concerns processing speed. Cortical and deep grey matter atrophy seem to play a pivotal role in isolated cognitive impairment. Timely detection and patient-tailored intervention, predominantly for IPS, may help to postpone further cognitive decline.
Mallory-Denk bodies and hepatocellular senescence: a causal relationship?
Authors: Denk Helmut , Abuja Peter M. , Zatloukal Kurt 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMallory-Denk bodies (MDBs) are hepatocellular cytoplasmic inclusions, which occur in certain chronic liver diseases, such as alcohol-related (ASH) and metabolic dysfunction-associated (MASH) steatohepatitis, copper toxicosis, some drug-induced liver disorders, chronic cholangiopathies, and liver tumors. Our study focused on the expression of the senescence markers p21WAF1/cip1 and p16INK4a in hepatocytes containing MDBs in steatohepatitis, chronic cholangiopathies with fibrosis or cirrhosis, Wilson’s disease, and hepatocellular carcinomas. Cytoplasm and nuclei of MDB-containing hepatocytes as well as MDB inclusions, except those associated with carcinoma cells, were strongly p16-positive, p21-positive, as well as p21-negative nuclei in MDB-containing hepatocytes which were observed whereas MDBs were p21-negative. Expression of the senescence marker p16 suggests that MDB formation reflects an adaptive response to chronic stress resembling senescence with its consequences, i.e., expression of inflammation- and fibrosis-prone secretome. Thus, senescence can be regarded as “double-edged sword” since, on the one hand, it may be an attempt of cellular defense, but, on the other, also causes further and sustained damage by inducing inflammation and fibrosis related to the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and thus progression of chronic liver disease.
Geometric bounds on the fastest mixing Markov chain
Authors: Olesker-Taylor Sam , Zanetti Luca 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the Fastest Mixing Markov Chain problem, we are given a graph $$G = (V, E)$$

G
=
(
V
,
E
)

and desire the discrete-time Markov chain with smallest mixing time $$\tau $$
τ
subject to having equilibrium distribution uniform on V and non-zero transition probabilities only across edges of the graph. It is well-known that the mixing time $$\tau _\textsf {RW}$$

τ
RW

of the lazy random walk on G is characterised by the edge conductance $$\Phi $$
Φ
of G via Cheeger’s inequality: $$\Phi ^{-1} \lesssim \tau _\textsf {RW} \lesssim \Phi ^{-2} \log |V|$$

Φ

-
1

≲

τ
RW

≲

Φ

-
2

log

|
V
|

. Analogously, we characterise the fastest mixing time $$\tau ^\star $$

τ
⋆

via a Cheeger-type inequality but for a different geometric quantity, namely the vertex conductance $$\Psi $$
Ψ
of G: $$\Psi ^{-1} \lesssim \tau ^\star \lesssim \Psi ^{-2} (\log |V|)^2$$

Ψ

-
1

≲

τ
⋆

≲

Ψ

-
2

(
log
|
V
|
)

2

. This characterisation forbids fast mixing for graphs with small vertex conductance. To bypass this fundamental barrier, we consider Markov chains on G with equilibrium distribution which need not be uniform, but rather only $$\varepsilon $$
ε
-close to uniform in total variation. We show that it is always possible to construct such a chain with mixing time $$\tau \lesssim \varepsilon ^{-1} ({\text {diam}} G)^2 \log |V|$$

τ
≲

ε

-
1

(
diam
G
)

2

log

|
V
|

. Finally, we discuss analogous questions for continuous-time and time-inhomogeneous chains.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy with carbon dye in endometrial cancer: a single center, prospective cohort study
Authors: Minareci Yagmur , Sozen Hamdullah , Altinkara Hacioglu Buket , Yuvanc Huseyin Oguz , Topuz Samet , Salihoglu Mehmet Yavuz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Many agents have been used for the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in endometrial cancer. Carbon dye, which has a strong staining ability and high contrast due to its dark black color, identifies the lymph nodes efficiently. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of carbon dye for the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in endometrial cancer.

Methods
We conducted a single-center, prospective, cohort study in 89 patients with early-stage endometrial cancer between September 2021 and August 2022. The procedure was performed under laparoscopy.

Results
The sensitivity and negative predictive value of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with carbon dye injection were 83.3% and 98.8%, respectively. Mapping identified at least one sentinel lymph node in 84 patients (94.4%) on one pelvic side and at least one sentinel lymph node in 73 patients (82.0%) on each pelvic side out of 89 patients. In addition, no carbon dye-associated allergic reaction was detected.

Conclusion
Carbon dye is a non-allergenic, inexpensive, and effective agent for SLNB with a satisfying sensitivity and a negative predictive value. In addition, both unilateral and bilateral detection rates were sufficient. Accordingly, carbon dye may be a promising tracer and a considerable option, particularly for low-income countries.
Stability of infundibular dilatations: a single center follow-up study and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Tarkiainen Jeremias , Pyysalo Liisa , Hinkka Tero , Pienimäki Juha-Pekka , Ronkainen Antti , Frösen Juhana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Although infundibular dilatations (IDs) have been thought to be benign anatomical variants, case reports suggest that they can grow and rupture. The aim of this study was to determine whether IDs have a tendency to grow or rupture.

Methods
The study population was collected from the Tampere University Hospital (TAUH) Aneurysm Database. The presence of IDs was screened from the medical records and imaging studies of 356 intracranial aneurysm patients left to follow-up from 2005 to 2020. The imaging studies were reviewed to confirm the IDs, and their clinical course. Finally, we performed a systematic review of published cases of ID leading to aneurysmatic rupture from PubMed.

Results
We found 97 typical IDs in 83 patients and 9 preaneurysmal lesions resembling ID in 9 patients. Out of the typical cone-shaped IDs, none grew or ruptured in a total follow-up of 409 patient-years. One preaneurysmal lesion ruptured during a follow-up: this lesion had components of both infundibular dilatation and aneurysm at the beginning of follow-up. In the systematic literature search, we found 20 cases of aneurysmatic SAHs originating from an ID. Of those, only 7 had imaging available prerupture. All 7 IDs were typically cone-shaped, but a branching vessel originating from the apex of ID was only seen in 4/7.

Conclusion
Typical infundibular dilatations seem to be benign anatomical variants that are stable and, thus, do not need prophylactic treatment or imaging follow-up. Likely, the SAHs reported from IDs were actually caused by misdiagnosed preaneurysmal lesions.
Participation in club sport in childhood is associated with mental health in preterm and term born adolescents
Authors: Spiegler Juliane , EL-Awad Usama , Baumann Nicole , Lemola Sakari , Wolke Dieter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPreterm born individuals have an increased risk for mental health problems. Participation in club sport is associated with better mental health but the causal direction is unclear. It is not known whether this association could also be found in preterm children. Data from term born (N = 10,368), late preterm (N = 630), and very to moderately preterm born (N = 243) children from the Millennium Cohort Study at the ages of 3, 5, 7, 11, and 14 years were used. Longitudinal associations between the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) and club sport participation (days per week) were analysed using multigroup structural equation modelling, adjusting for gender, maternal depression, parental education; motor problems and attrition were controlled for. Multi-group structural equation modelling showed that children with more peer relationship problems, emotional symptoms, conduct problems or hyperactivity-inattention were less likely to participate in club sport at subsequent assessment time points. More days with club sport participation was associated with lower levels of emotional symptoms and peer relationship problems but not conduct problems or hyperactivity-inattention at subsequent ages. Results were similar in all gestational age groups. Club sport participation predicts lower levels of peer relationship and emotional problems in subsequent waves while it is also predicted by lower levels of emotional problems, peer relationship problems, conduct problems and hyperactivity-inattention in preceding waves. Since no differences in the relationship between SDQ subscales and club sport participation were seen with regard to gestational age groups, club sport should be encouraged in all children.
Surgical treatment of clinically infected mandibular fractures
Authors: Oksa Marko , Haapanen Aleksi , Kannari Leena , Furuholm Jussi , Snäll Johanna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To clarify reasons for infections, surgical techniques, and occurrence of postoperative surgical site complications in infected mandibular fractures.

Methods
Patients with clinically infected mandibular fracture of the dentate part without preceding surgery were studied retrospectively. Clinical infection was defined to occur if pus, abscess, or a fistula in the fracture area was present. Patient-, fracture-, and surgery-related variables were evaluated, and predictors for postoperative complications were analysed.

Results
Of 908 patients with surgically treated fracture in the dentate part of the mandible, 41 had infected fracture at the time of surgery (4.5%). Of these patients, 46.3% were alcohol or drug abusers. Median delay from injury to surgery was 9 days. Patient-related factors were the most common cause for delayed surgery (n = 30, 73.2%), followed by missed diagnosis by a health care professional (n = 8, 19.5%). Twenty-two fractures were treated via extraoral approach (53.7%) and the remaining 19 intraorally (46.3%). Postoperative surgical site complications were found in 13 patients (31.7%), with recurrent surgical site infections predominating. Notable differences between total complication rates between intraoral and extraoral approaches were not detected. Secondary osteosynthesis for non-union was conducted for one patient treated intraorally.

Conclusions
Postoperative surgical site complications are common after treatment of infected mandibular fractures, and these occur despite the chosen surgical approach. Infected mandibular fractures heal mainly without bone grafting, and non-union is a rare complication. Due to the high complication rate, careful perioperative and postoperative care is required for these patients.
Extending application of explainable artificial intelligence for managers in financial organizations
Authors: Sabharwal Renu , Miah Shah J. , Wamba Samuel Fosso , Cook Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAnomalies are a significant challenge for businesses in all industries. Artificial intelligence (AI) based machine learning (ML) detection models can help find aberrant customer transaction behaviour in financial datasets. However, the output responses provided by these AI-based ML models lack transparency and interpretability, making it challenging for financial managers to comprehend the reasoning underlying the AI detections. Suppose managers cannot comprehend how and why AI models develop responses based on the input information. In such cases, AI is unlikely to enhance data-driven decision-making and add value to organizations. This article’s primary objective is to illustrate the capacity of the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) technique to give finance managers an intuitive explanation of the anomaly detections AI-based ML models generate for a specific customer transaction dataset. Theoretically, we contribute to the literature on international finance by offering a conceptual review of AI algorithmic explainability. We discuss its implications for sustaining a competitive advantage using the concepts of action design research methodology following the research onion framework. We also suggest an explainable AI implementation methodology based on SHAP as a valuable guide for finance managers seeking to boost the transparency of AI-based ML models and to alleviate trust difficulties in data-driven decision-making.
Ecospirituality and Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: de Diego-Cordero Rocío , Martínez-Herrera Alicia , Coheña-Jiménez Manuel , Lucchetti Giancarlo , Pérez-Jiménez José Miguel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Environmental changes are affecting human health. A renewal of the way we understand and relate to the planet is needed. Ecospirituality brings together the terms spirituality and environment and is born as a means of solution to this dilemma. This systematic review aimed to find out the influence of ecospirituality on global health. A search of scientific literature was carried out in the main health science databases. A review was conducted to critically evaluate the studies that identified relevant ecospiritual aspects regarding health care for communities. After a systematic search and screening, and following specified methodological criteria, a total of 14 articles were selected in the review. The findings of the review suggest that a new perspective in our worldview such as ecospirituality will provide us with the necessary keys to improve health. To understand ecospirituality, we must keep in mind the indigenous way of life, which is the clear example to follow to achieve environmental health and global health. Ecospirituality leads to a healthier environment, and as this is directly related to health, there is also an improvement in global health.
A Regularization-Patching Dual Quaternion Optimization Method for Solving the Hand-Eye Calibration Problem
Authors: Chen Zhongming , Ling Chen , Qi Liqun , Yan Hong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe hand-eye calibration problem is an important application problem in robot research. Based on the 2-norm of dual quaternion vectors, we propose a new dual quaternion optimization method for the hand-eye calibration problem. The dual quaternion optimization problem is decomposed to two quaternion optimization subproblems. The first quaternion optimization subproblem governs the rotation of the robot hand. It can be solved efficiently by the eigenvalue decomposition or singular value decomposition. If the optimal value of the first quaternion optimization subproblem is zero, then the system is rotationwise noiseless, i.e., there exists a “perfect” robot hand motion which meets all the testing poses rotationwise exactly. In this case, we apply the regularization technique for solving the second subproblem to minimize the distance of the translation. Otherwise we apply the patching technique to solve the second quaternion optimization subproblem. Then solving the second quaternion optimization subproblem turns out to be solving a quadratically constrained quadratic program. In this way, we give a complete description for the solution set of hand-eye calibration problems. This is new in the hand-eye calibration literature. The numerical results are also presented to show the efficiency of the proposed method.
Review and Perspectives on Human Emotion for Connected Automated Vehicles
Authors: Li Wenbo , Li Guofa , Tan Ruichen , Wang Cong , Sun Zemin , Li Ying , Guo Gang , Cao Dongpu , Li Keqiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe progression toward automated driving and the latest advancement in vehicular networking have led to novel and natural human-vehicle-road systems, in which affective human-vehicle interaction is a crucial factor affecting the acceptance, safety, comfort, and traffic efficiency of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). This development has inspired increasing interest in how to develop affective interaction framework for intelligent cockpit in CAVs. To enable affective human-vehicle interactions in CAVs, knowledge from multiple research areas is needed, including automotive engineering, transportation engineering, human–machine interaction, computer science, communication, as well as industrial engineering. However, there is currently no systematic survey considering the close relationship between human-vehicle-road and human emotion in the human-vehicle-road coupling process in the CAV context. To facilitate progress in this area, this paper provides a comprehensive literature survey on emotion-related studies from multi-aspects for better design of affective interaction in intelligent cockpit for CAVs. This paper discusses the multimodal expression of human emotions, investigates the human emotion experiment in driving, and particularly emphasizes previous knowledge on human emotion detection, regulation, as well as their applications in CAVs. The promising research perspectives are outlined for researchers and engineers from different research areas to develop CAVs with better acceptance, safety, comfort, and enjoyment for users.
Generalized Partitioned Local Depth
Authors: Berenhaut Kenneth S. , Foley John D. , Lyu Liangdongsheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we provide a generalization of the concept of cohesion as introduced recently by Berenhaut et al. (Proc Natl Acad Sci 119:2003634119, 2022). The formulation presented builds on the technique of partitioned local depth by distilling two key probabilistic concepts: local relevance and support division. Earlier results are extended within the new context, and examples of applications to revealing communities in data with uncertainty are included. The work sheds light on the foundations of partitioned local depth, and extends the original ideas to enable probabilistic consideration of uncertain, variable and potentially conflicting information.
Examining Dyadic Stress Appraisal Processes Within Romantic Relationships from a Challenge and Threat Perspective
Authors: Peters Brett J. , Overall Nickola C. , Gresham Abriana M. , Tudder Ashley , Chang Valerie T. , Reis Harry T. , Jamieson Jeremy P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat emphasizes how individuals appraise stress. Close relationship theories emphasize the interpersonal context, communication, and outcomes that arise from stress. We integrate these approaches by examining the individual variability surrounding appraisals of sufficient (more challenge, less threat) or insufficient (more threat, less challenge) resources to cope with demands and examining how these appraisals are associated with couples’ behavior and feelings toward each other. Across three studies, 459 romantic couples (N = 918), and various potentially stressful in-lab conversations (extra-dyadic problem, dislikes about each other, dependability, and relationship conflict), we found evidence that stress appraisals indicative of more challenge and less threat were associated with more approach- and less avoidance-oriented behaviors within interactions. These approach- and avoidance-oriented behaviors were associated with greater feelings of relationship security and well-being after the conversation. However, whose (actors or partners) appraisals and behaviors were associated with security and well-being varied across the three studies. This work provides theoretical and empirical evidence for an interpersonal emphasis on intraindividual stress appraisal processes through a dyadic and close relationships lens. Our integrative theoretical framework breaks away from the idea that stress is inherently “bad” or “maladaptive” to show that appraising stress as more manageable (more challenge, less threat) is associated with more relationship behaviors that approach incentives and less that avoid threats and enhance feelings of relationship security and well-being.
Factors associated with family caregiver readiness to care for post-stroke patients after hospital discharge
Authors: Septianingrum Yurike , Yusuf Ah , Widyawati Ika Yuni , Sari Ratna Yunita , Wardani Erika Martining , Musfirah Naadiyah Roebbi , Lestari Eni Puji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Post-stroke patients often need support from their family caregivers to continue their care after hospital discharge. Family caregiver readiness in caring for stroke patients is needed to improve the patient's quality of life. This study aimed to analyze factors affecting family caregivers' readiness for post-stroke patient care after hospital discharge.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of family members of stroke patients admitted to the neurology inpatient unit from February to April 2023, and they were selected through purposive sampling. The general demographic questionnaire, the stroke knowledge questionnaire, and the Family Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (FAM-RHDS) were used to gather the data. Data analysis was performed with IBM SPSS 26 software. Data were examined through the descriptive, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression tests.

Results
Fifty-nine respondents completed the questionnaires. Factors that were significantly related to family readiness to care for stroke patients were age (p = 0.000), gender (p = 0.000), income (p = 0.000), occupation (p = 0.000), marital status (p = 0.000), and knowledge (p = 0.000). Education level was the one that didn’t correlate with family readiness (p = 0.452). Gender is the most dominant factor affecting the readiness of family caregivers to care for stroke patients (coefficient B = 10.847).

Conclusion
Male family caregivers should be given special attention to improve their readiness to care for post-stroke patients. Assessment of family caregivers’ readiness for discharge should be part of discharge planning and those who are unprepared may be provided with additional interventions prior to discharge.