bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploiting metabolic vulnerability in glioblastoma using a brain-penetrant drug with a safe profile
Authors: Burban Audrey , Tessier Cloe , Larroquette Mathieu , Guyon Joris , Lubiato Cloe , Pinglaut Mathis , Toujas Maxime , Galvis Johanna , Dartigues Benjamin , Georget Emmanuelle , Luchman H Artee , Weiss Samuel , Cappellen David , Nicot Nathalie , Klink Barbara , Nikolski Macha , Brisson Lucie , Mathivet Thomas , Bikfalvi Andreas , Daubon Thomas , Sharanek Ahmad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most treatment-resistant and lethal cancers, with a subset of self-renewing brain tumour stem cells (BTSCs), driving therapy resistance and relapse. Here, we report that mubritinib effectively impairs BTSC stemness and growth. Mechanistically, bioenergetic assays and rescue experiments showed that mubritinib targets complex I of the electron transport chain, thereby impairing BTSC self-renewal and proliferation. Gene expression profiling and Western blot analysis revealed that mubritinib disrupts the AMPK/p27Kip1 pathway, leading to cell-cycle impairment. By employing in vivo pharmacokinetic assays, we established that mubritinib crosses the blood-brain barrier. Using preclinical patient-derived and syngeneic models, we demonstrated that mubritinib delays glioblastoma progression and extends animal survival. Moreover, combining mubritinib with radiotherapy or chemotherapy offers survival advantage to animals. Notably, we showed that mubritinib alleviates hypoxia, thereby enhancing ROS generation, DNA damage, and apoptosis in tumours when combined with radiotherapy. Encouragingly, toxicological and behavioural studies revealed that mubritinib is well tolerated and spares normal cells. Our findings underscore the promising therapeutic potential of mubritinib, warranting its further exploration in clinic for glioblastoma therapy.
Does Successful Surgical Treatment of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Aid in the Remediation of Compensatory Misarticulation Errors?
Authors: Chee-Williams Jessica L. , Bunton Kate , Alvarez-Montoya Elizabeth , Cordero Kelly Nett , Perry Jamie L. , Philp Jenny , Singh Davinder J. , Sitzman Thomas J. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate whether successful surgical management of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) aids in the remediation of compensatory misarticulation errors (CMAs) among children with VPI and CMAs.

Method:

Fourteen participants with VPI and use of CMAs from a larger study were included in this retrospective cohort study. The mean age at the time of preoperative evaluation was 8.9 years (
SD
= 1.1). Perceptual ratings of hypernasality, phonetic transcription, and anatomic measurements from magnetic resonance imaging were performed by raters blinded to the participants' medical and surgical history. The mean percentage of CMAs produced on the American English Sentence Sample was calculated. The Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used to compare the change in CMA use pre- and postoperatively. During the study period, 71% (
n
= 10) of participants received speech therapy.

Results:

Nine participants had resolved hypernasality after surgery, and five had persistent hypernasality. Among those with resolved hypernasality, the mean percentage of CMAs significantly decreased from 14.6% preoperatively to 1.1% postoperatively (
p
= .028). For participants with persistent hypernasality, the mean percentage of CMAs decreased from 27.6% to 22%; this change was not significant (
p
= .586).

Conclusions:
Correction of VPI may aid in the remediation of CMAs as participants have more normal anatomy to achieve velopharyngeal closure. These findings suggest correction of VPI may reduce the amount of speech therapy needed to treat CMAs.
An elbow passive exoskeleton with controllable assistance: Design and experimental
Authors: Yang Xuxu , Zhang Jing , Shen Cheng , Wang Chen , Che Tao , Liang Zilin , Cui Tong 
Published: February 2025

A passive exoskeleton is a wearable robotic device that is worn on the exterior of the user’s body to provide physical support and facilitate movement. Existing elbow passive exoskeletons have limitations in their assistance capabilities and range of applications. In this paper, we propose a controllable elbow passive exoskeleton (CEPE) to address these limitations. The CEPE features a ratchet-based self-energy storage mechanism (RSSM) and a Candan gravity compensation mechanism (CGCM). The CGCM counteracts gravitational forces, while the RSSM stores and releases motion energy. This paper establishes a mathematical model for the RSSM, outlines design specifications for both the RSSM and CEPE, and analyzes the influence of design parameters on the power assistance performance. Three experiments were conducted to validate the feasibility of CEPE, including static strength testing, power assistance without load, and power assistance with load. Results show that, without loading, the CEPE provides compensation effects on elbow joint torque of 68.8%, 93.8%, and 70.7% at shoulder joint angles of 0°, 30°, and 60°, respectively. With a 5 kg loading, adjusting the shoulder joint angle from 30° to 60° results in an increase in the decrease of the average absolute torque directly acting on the elbow joint, from 86% to 91.2%. The adjustable RSSM enables the CEPE to operate in four different modes, expanding its potential applications.
High resolution, sub-picosecond x-ray spectroscopy of K-shell emitters to characterize plasma emissivity measurement
Authors: Magee E. , Shepherd R. , Beiersdorfer P. , Clark J. , MacDonald M. , Hell N. , Brown G. V. , Hobbs L. , Brown C. R. D. , Hill M. , Hoarty D. , Hollinger R. , Rocca J. J. 
Published: February 2025

Short pulse laser (SPL) heated matter has opened an avenue to studying matter at conditions previously unattainable. While SPLs can generate matter at extreme densities and temperatures, characterization of the heated matter can be extremely challenging. The conditions are dynamic and require careful monitoring of the plasma evolution. Atomic processes under these conditions can provide a powerful tool to study fundamental plasma properties as they evolve. When utilizing the x-ray emission from these plasmas, it is often useful to resolve spectral details with high resolution. Sub-picosecond, time-resolved, high-resolution spectroscopy has previously been reported. We present a similar diagnostic (STreaked Orion High-Resolution X-ray spectrometer, or STOHREX) to measure the temporal evolution of spectral features with high spectral resolution. The diagnostic is the result of combining a high-resolution x-ray spectrometer with the LLNL sub-picosecond x-ray streak camera. The diagnostic was demonstrated in two campaigns: (1) To study spectral lineshapes using the 40 fs, 400 nm, Colorado State University ALEPH laser, and (2) to study buried layers using the 500 fs, 532 nm Atomic Weapons Establishment’s Orion laser.
First-principles study on structural and electronic properties of MPX3 (M = Zn, Cd; X = S, Se) compounds
Authors: Zada Zeshan , Li Yufeng , Tao Ye , Li Xujing , Bu Kun , Wang Jian-Tao 
Published: February 2025

Metal phosphorous trichalcogenides have been attracting significant scientific interest due to their unique physical properties and promising prospects for device applications. In this work, we perform systematical first-principles calculations to study the structural and electronic properties of MPX3 (M = Zn, Cd; X = S, Se) compounds in C2/m (α-phase) and R3̄ (β-phase) symmetries. The sequence of energetic stabilities of this series of compounds is revealed by total energy calculations, and their dynamical stabilities are confirmed by phonon band spectrum calculations. Electronic band structure calculations show that these MPX3 compounds are all indirect-gap semiconductors, and the bandgaps in sulfides (3.13–3.39 eV) are larger than those in selenides (2.14–2.27 eV). The orbital projected density of states calculations show that the electronic states in these compounds around the Fermi level are all mainly contributed by the p orbitals of chalcogen atoms and phosphorus atoms. Our work has given a systematical understanding of this series of MPX3 compounds, which will provide guidance for future theoretical and experimental studies in related fields.
Demagnetization analysis of an 18 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source permanent magnet hexapole
Authors: McLain J. , Scott R. , Vondrasek R. 
Published: February 2025

An upgrade of ECR2 at the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System is under way, focusing on increasing the intensity capabilities of the facility. ECR2 is a room temperature electron cyclotron resonance ion source, and the upgrade has strict requirements to retain radial access to the plasma chamber and keep the ion source operating without the use of superconducting magnets. The upgrade design with respect to the magnet arrangement and magnetization vectors has recently been presented [R. C. Vondrasek, J. McLain, and R. H. Scott, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2743, 012044 (2024)] using the same magnetic material as the current ECR2 hexapole. A thorough exploration of the demagnetization potential of this hexapole was carried out, and the risk of demagnetization was deemed too high, despite the magnetic performance meeting the requirements for the upgrade. Additional permanent magnet materials are considered with their respective performance evaluated. Magnet strength and demagnetization resistance are investigated and optimized with the final room temperature design demonstrating a high temperature transient demagnetization resistance and a radial magnetic field of 1.18 T at the plasma chamber wall. The simulations of this hexapole suggest that it will be sufficient to optimize intensity with a 14.5 GHz driving frequency and will allow 18 GHz operation, while keeping a high safety margin for maintaining magnet performance.
Electric-dipole-momentum sensitive Coulomb explosion in doubly ionized CO dimer and trimer: An environmental effect at molecular-scale
Authors: Zhang C. J. , Zhang R. T. , Yan S. C. , Zou L. P. , Zhang S. F. , Hansen K. , Slavíček P. , Ma X. 
Published: February 2025

Molecular clusters are aggregates of molecules weakly bound by the van der Waals force between molecules. Removing one electron from each constitutive molecule results in van der Waals bond cleavages through Coulomb explosion. This provides an ideal prototype to further study the environmental effects played by one fragmented ion on the other one at the molecular scale. Here, we report an experimental measurement of the two-body Coulomb explosion of (CO)22+ and (CO)32+, produced in a 40 keV Ar2+ double-electron capture collision with a CO dimer and trimer. Accurate reaction pathways are identified with the advanced ion–ion coincidence and momentum-imaging techniques. The measured kinetic energy release deviates from the calculated results based on the reciprocal of internuclear distance (i.e., Coulomb interaction only) and which, therefore, requires the inclusion of rotational energy of CO+ initiated by molecular electric-dipole momentum. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the separation defining the rotational energy takes place within a few hundred fs after the onset of dissociation. This molecular-scale environmental effect significantly brings calculations and measurements of the kinetic energy release into agreement.
State selective preparation and nondestructive detection of trapped O2+
Authors: Singh Ambesh Pratik , Mitchell Michael , Henshon Will , Hartman Addison , Lunstad Annika , Kuzhan Boran , Hanneke David 
Published: February 2025

The ability to prepare molecular ions in selected quantum states enables studies in areas such as chemistry, metrology, spectroscopy, quantum information, and precision measurements. Here, we demonstrate (2 + 1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) of oxygen, both in a molecular beam and in an ion trap. The two-photon transition in the REMPI spectrum is rotationally resolved, allowing ionization from a selected rovibrational state of O2. Fits to this spectrum determine spectroscopic parameters of the O2d1Πg state and resolve a discrepancy in the literature regarding its band origin. The trapped molecular ions are cooled by co-trapped atomic ions. Fluorescence mass spectrometry nondestructively demonstrates the presence of the photoionized O2+. We discuss strategies for maximizing the fraction of ions produced in the ground rovibrational state. For (2 + 1) REMPI through the d1Πg state, we show that the Q(1) transition is preferred for neutral O2 at rotational temperatures below 50 K, while the O(3) transition is more suitable at higher temperatures. The combination of state-selective loading and nondestructive detection of trapped molecular ions has applications in optical clocks, tests of fundamental physics, and control of chemical reactions.
Double gap surface plasmons enabled ultra-thin meta-F–P cavity for light filtering in the near-infrared
Authors: Wang Jiayi , Mao Yu , Gao Kaikai , Ma Ruize , Li Peiyang , Li Dong , Li Peng , Zhao Jianlin , Wen Dandan 
Published: February 2025

Over the past years, metasurfaces have demonstrated remarkable and diverse capabilities in advanced control over light properties. Embedding metasurfaces into the Fabry–Pérot (meta-F–P) cavity reduces the required cavity length and provides new degrees of freedom for tuning. Most meta-F–P cavities exhibit excellent color filtering effects within the visible spectrum. However, achieving single mode-F–P resonance across the entire near-infrared range remains challenging due to the phase condition limitations of the metasurfaces. Here, we explore the integration of silver metasurfaces into an F–P cavity with a cavity length of only 150 nm. The very short cavity length allows for the existence of gap surface plasmons between the silver metasurfaces and both the top and bottom silver mirrors of the F–P cavity. This setup achieves narrowband filtering in an ultra-wide spectral range from 626.6 to 2548.3 nm while consistently maintaining single-mode resonance. Furthermore, we analyze the filtering effects of embedding anisotropic structures into the F–P cavity under x- and y-polarized incident light, revealing polarization-dependent filtering capabilities. Embedding the metasurface within the F–P cavity also allows for stable responses to different angles of incident light. This study underscores the potential of meta-F–P cavities in advancing optical filter technology for diverse applications in spectroscopy, telecommunications, and sensing.
On the performance of QTP functionals applied to second-order response properties
Authors: Mendes Rodrigo A. , Windom Zachary W. , Kim Hyunsik , Bartlett Rodney J. 
Published: February 2025

Correlated orbital theory (COT) is an exact one-particle treatment that adds essential electron correlation into its molecular orbitals, potentially reducing correlated treatments of response properties to one-particle coupled-perturbed Hartree–Fock- or Kohn–Sham-like calculations. Such a computation is vastly simpler than the usual ab initio correlated approach that would add correlation typically with EOM-CC after a perturbed mean-field solution. The question then is, how well can this be accomplished via the Quantum Theory Project (QTP) exchange–correlation (XC) functionals that are meant to emulate the rigorous COT framework? This paper addresses this question for response properties by making comparisons between such orbital-specific calculations and those from well-correlated EOM-CC solutions for static polarizabilities, nuclear magnetic resonance coupling constants, and chemical shifts. The simple orbital-specific version provides an accurate realization of the correlated EOM-CC results, but now in a mode that facilitates an orbital-by-orbital interpretation. Here, we compare 33 XC functionals from the different Jacob’s ladder rungs always against the EOM-CCSD results. Thus, the smallest mean absolute deviation for the static polarizability comes from LC-QTP XC, 0.28 a.u. Regarding the total nuclear spin–spin coupling constants, QTP01 performs best, %Error = 10.63% (QTP02 and LC-QTP are second and third best). Finally, the XC that stood out in the chemical shift analysis was TPSS0, which presented the best result for the majority of the chemical shifts. However, considering the overall performances based on linear fitting of all isotope data points, five functionals are recommended for a chemical shift study: TPSS0, ωB97X, QTP00, QTP01, and QTP02, all presenting R2 = 0.96.
Electronic properties of metamorphic GaSbBi films on GaAs
Authors: Hilska Joonas , Puustinen Janne , Koivusalo Eero , Guina Mircea 
Published: February 2025

We report on the electronic, structural, and optical properties of epitaxial GaSbBi films with varying Bi-concentration (up to 7%Bi) grown on semi-insulating GaAs(100) substrates. The 1 μm thick GaSbBi epilayers exhibit fully relaxed narrow x-ray diffraction peaks and smooth surface morphology comparable to that of high-quality GaSb epilayers on GaAs. Low temperature photoluminescence spectra exhibit bandgap shrinkage consistent with Bi alloying. Electrical Hall measurements indicate a reduction in hole concentration and no change in the hole mobilities with increasing Bi content for the nominally undoped GaSbBi alloy. The residual hole concentration reduces from the 1018 cm−3 level for a reference GaSb sample to the low 1017 cm−3 level with increasing Bi content. Hole mobility values of around 300 cm2/Vs are observed independent of the Bi content. These dependencies are attributed to the Bi surfactant effect and Bi-induced defect formation.
Electronic structures and spin frustration in Ln3O (Ln = Ce, Sm, Gd) neutrals and anions determined by anion photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Huizenga Caleb D. , Vaish Shivangi , Thompson Lee M. , Jarrold Caroline Chick 
Published: February 2025

The results of a combined experimental and computational study on Ln3O (Ln = Ce, Sm, and Gd) anion and neutral clusters are presented and analyzed. These three Ln’s were specifically targeted because they vary in their spin state and orbital angular momentum associated with the 4fN subshell occupancies. From the anion PE spectra of Ce3O−, Sm3O−, and Gd3O− measured with 2.330 and 3.495 eV photon energies, we determine the adiabatic electron affinities of the corresponding neutrals to be 0.83 ± 0.03, 1.11 ± 0.05, and 1.17 ± 0.05 eV, respectively. The lowest energy features in all three spectra can readily be reconciled with molecular structures in which the O-atom is central to all three Ln centers, with Ce3O−/Ce3O assuming pyramidal structures and Sm3O−/Sm3O and Gd3O−/Gd3O assuming planar structures. Computationally, the lowest-energy structure of neutral Ce3O is a kite-like structure, which is not consistent with the observed spectrum. The kite-like and pyramidal structures of Ce3O− are predicted to be nearly isoenergetic. Electronic states in which all three 4fN centers are ferromagnetically coupled are predicted to be energetically favored for all species, but spin-frustrated states in which one 4fN center is antiferromagnetically coupled to the remaining centers are computed to lie 0.05 eV higher in energy than the FM-coupled states for Ce3O− and Sm3O−. The PE spectrum of Sm3O− exhibits striking anomalies in the photoelectron angular dependence. This effect is attributed to strong photoelectron–valence electron interactions that drive nominally forbidden changes in the Mf state of the remnant neutral.
Josephson coupling in lanthanum-based cuprate superlattices
Authors: Ahmad H. G. , Massarottti D. , Tafuri F. , Logvenov G. , Bianconi A. , Campi G. 
Published: February 2025

In most anisotropic compounds such as bismuth-based layered cuprate perovskites, the supercurrent across the blocking layer is of Josephson type, and a single crystal forms a natural stack of Josephson junctions. Here, we report on the evidence of Josephson-like transport in an artificial cuprate superlattice composed of 10 LaSrCuO–LaCuO repeats, creating a superlattice of junctions, where LCO is a superconducting Mott insulator and LSCO is an overdoped metal. The superlattice has been designed with a long period of d = L + W = 5.28 nm, with L and W being the thicknesses of LCO and LSCO units, respectively, and is in the underdoped regime with an average doping level of ⟨δ⟩ = 0.11. Quantum-size effects and Rashba spin–orbit coupling are controlled by L/d = 0.75, with a quasi-2D superconducting transition temperature of 41 K and a c-axis coherence length of about 1.5 nm. Measurements at very low temperatures show evidence of Josephson phase dynamics consistent with very low Josephson coupling and a phase diffusion regime, thus explaining why Josephson coupling in LSCO superlattices has been so elusive. The tuning of LSCO superlattices in the Josephson regime enriches the phase diagram of HTS.
Training of English prosody with acoustically modified voices
Authors: Skarnitzl Radek , Bořil Tomáš 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Prosodic aspects of speech are crucial for the comprehensibility of L2 speakers, but prosody is rarely targeted in
English language lessons. This paper describes an innovative training of English phrasal prosody using participants’ own speech as
models in a modified listen-and-repeat paradigm, with their melodic and rhythmic patterns manipulated by means of PSOLA. The
two-hour training was delivered individually to twelve intermediate native speakers of Czech. The comparison of a baseline
recording of a read text before the training and two texts read six weeks after the training shows that using one’s own
PSOLA-modified voice for prosody training is beneficial: the participants were perceived as sounding significantly more competent
in the after-training recordings, their phrasing corresponded more to text-based predictions, and their melodic variability was
significantly greater. The contribution of targeted prosody modifications in the teaching of L2 pronunciation are discussed.
Engineering flux-controlled flat bands and topological states in a Stagome lattice
Authors: Pal Biplab , Bouzerar Georges 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present the Stagome lattice, a variant of the Kagome lattice, where one can make any of the bands completely flat by tuning an externally controllable magnetic flux. This systematically allows the energy of the flat band to coincide with the Fermi level. We have analytically calculated the compact localized states associated to each of these flat bands appearing at different values of the magnetic flux. We also show that, this model features nontrivial topological properties with distinct integer values of the Chern numbers as a function of the magnetic flux. We argue that this mechanism for making any of the bands exactly flat could be of interest to address the flat-band superconductivity in such a system. Additionally, we show that our results are robust even in the presence of a small amount of disorder. Furthermore, we believe that the phenomenon of photonic flat band localization could be studied in the Stagome lattice structure, designed for instance using femtosecond laser induced single-mode waveguide arrays.