bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Providing medication for opioid use disorder and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis at syringe services programs via telemedicine: A pilot study
Authors: McKellar Mehri S. , Des Marais Andrea C. , Chen Hillary , Choi Yujung , Lilly Rebecca , Ayers Denae , Bennett Jesse , Kestner Lauren , Perry Brian , Poley Stephanie , Corneli Amy , Meade Christina S. , Sachdeva Nidhi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
People who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk for opioid overdose and infectious diseases including HIV. We piloted PARTNER UP, a telemedicine-based program to provide PWID with medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) with buprenorphine/naloxone (bup/nx) and oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine through two syringe services programs in North Carolina. We present overall results from this project, including treatment retention and medication adherence.
Methods:
Study participants met with a provider for an initial in-person visit at the SSP, followed by weekly telemedicine visits in month 1 and then monthly until program end at month 6. Participants were asked to start both MOUD and PrEP at initiation but could chose to discontinue either at any point during the study. Demographics and health history including substance use, sexual behaviors, and prior use of MOUD and PrEP were collected at baseline. Follow-up surveys were conducted at 3 and 6 months to assess attitudes towards MOUD and PrEP, change in opioid use and sexual behaviors, and for self-reported medication adherence. Provider notes were used to assess treatment retention.
Results:
Overall, 17 persons were enrolled and started on both bup/nx and PrEP; the majority self-identified as white and male. At 3 months, 13 (76%) remained on study; 10 (77%) reported continuing with both MOUD and PrEP, 2 (15%) with bup/nx only, and 1 (8%) with PrEP only. At 6 months, 12 (71%) completed all visits; 8 (67%) reported taking both bup/nx and PrEP, and 4 (33%) bup/nx only. Among survey participants, opioid use and HIV risk behaviors decreased. Nearly all reported taking bup/nx daily; however, self-reported daily adherence to PrEP was lower and declined over time. The most common reason for not continuing PrEP was feeling not at risk for acquiring HIV.
Conclusions:
Our results study show that MOUD and PrEP can be effectively administered via telemedicine in SSPs. PrEP appears to be a lower priority for participants with decreased retention and adherence. Low perception of HIV risk was a reason for not continuing PrEP, possibly mitigated by MOUD use. Future studies including helping identify PWID at highest need for PrEP are needed.
Trial registration
Trial registration: Providing Suboxone and PrEP Using Telemedicine, NCT04521920. Registered 18 August 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04521920?term=mehri%20mckellar&rank=2
Secondary pseudohypoaldosternism. Review of the literature and experience in a Pediatric Nephrology Unit.
Authors: Sánchez Amelia Moreno , Atarés Alvaro García , Herranz David Molina , Torres Irene Antoñanzas , Salas Yolanda Romero , Izuzquiza Jose Ignacio Ruiz del Olmo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism (S-PHA) is a rare entity that appears due to the resistance of the renal tubule to the action of aldosterone in children with urinary tract infection and/or nephrourological malformation.
METHODS: Retrospective observational descriptive study of cases diagnosed with secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism from a Pediatric Nephrology Unit for 14 years. Review of the bibliography of the last 10 years.
RESULTS: A sample of 12 patients has been obtained. The most frequent reason for consultation was the loss of weight (50%). Sixty-seven percent of the patients associated urinary tract infection. Ninety-two percent of them had an underlying nephrourological pathology, and 60% were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. One patient presented neurological sequelae because of a subsequent pontine myelinosis. Twenty-one articles have been registered in PubMed: 9 clinical case reports, 3 bibliographic reviews and 9 case series.
CONCLUSIONS: There is little evidence and consequently a lack of knowledge of secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism. It usually appears with non-specific symptoms, so we sholud know its typical hydroelectrolytic changes to establish a clinical suspicion, to be able to offer early medical and surgical treatment to avoid life-threatening complications.
Study on air cushion impact characteristics of seaplane landing with ALE method
Authors: shao jiaru , shi jiangdong , Yang Yu , Zheng Zijun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Seaplane landing is a strong nonlinear gas-liquid-solid multi-phase coupling problem. In this paper, Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method is used to study the landing process of seaplane at different initial attitude angles and velocities. Firstly, a comparative study of the structure entry model and the air cushion model of flat impact water surface were conducted to verify the reliability, and the influence of the velocity, water shape and air cushion were accurately analyzed. Subsequently, the influences of vertical acceleration, attitude angle changes, aircraft impact force, and flow field distribution are analyzed. The results show that the air cushion has a great influence on the landing of seaplane. The cushioning effect of the air cushion becomes more pronounced with higher initial horizontal velocities. The disappearance of the air cushion will cause the tail part to impact the water surface twice and produce a pressure value beyond the initial value, which may cause damage to the seaplane. The initial attitude angle will affect the contact position between the seaplane and the water surface, with a greater angle resulting in a more significant air cushioning. This study provides a range of suitable speeds and attitude angles for the seaplane takeoff and landing process.
Endocrine and dog factors associated with semen quality
Authors: Hallberg Ida , Olsson Hannah , Lau Angus , Wallander Stina , Snell Anna , Bergman Daniel , Holst Bodil Ström 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Knowledge of factors associated with semen quality may help in investigations of the aetiology and pathophysiology. We investigated the correlation between biomarkers for testicular cell function (anti-müllerian hormone, AMH, Inhibin B, testosterone, steroid-hormone binding globulin, SHBG, insulin like peptide 3, INSL-3), alkaline phosphate (ALP), canine prostate-specific esterase (CPSE), and heterophilic antibodies with dog variables, semen quality, and fertility. Blood and semen were collected from 65 Bernese Mountain Dogs. We evaluated total sperm count, motility and morphological parameters. The semen quality ranged from poor to excellent, with an average total sperm count of 1.1 × 109 and 50% morphologically normal spermatozoa (MNS). Age and abnormal testicular consistency correlated with decreased motility and MNS. Higher ALP correlated with higher total sperm count.. AMH could not be detected in seminal plasma. AMH in blood correlated with head defects and high AMH concentration correlated with a severe decline in several semen parameters. Testosterone was negatively and CPSE positively correlated with age. No correlations were found for INSL-3, inhibin B, or heterophilic antibodies. Our findings contribute to the understanding of factors associated with semen quality in dogs, particularly related to Sertoli cell function.
The acaricidal and repellent activity of the essential and nano essential oil of Thymus vulgaris against the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Alibeigi Zohreh , Rakhshandehroo Ehsan , Saharkhiz Mohmmad Jamal , Alavi Amir Mootabi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The brown dog tick is globally distributed and harms the host in terms of blood feeding and pathogen transferring. Chemicals are traditionally used for the control, but herbal plants has been investigated mainly due to their natural components with killing and repellant effects. Previously, the role of thymol has been described for the biocontrol of ticks at different stages. Therefore, was conducted a study to evaluate the effects of a thymol-rich herbal plant, Thymus vulgaris L., and its major constituents on Rhipicephalus sanguineus.
Results
In this work, we suggested to perform the larval mortality test using 2 ml microtubes instead of previously described pocket and immersion methods. This method seems to be closer to the environmental condition. The results represented a great activity of the nano EO and thymol on live larva. The nano form was highly effective starting from the lowest concentration (0.125%) showing 88.9% mortality. In comparison, the EO revealed similar effects but at higher concentrations. The nano emulsion and thymol showed also a complete repellency effect against larva at the concentrations of 0.5% and 20 mg/ml, respectively. In adult tick bioassays, thymol was the only substance that accompanied with a statistically significant reduction in female oviposition rate (p < 0.05), however at its utmost concentrations.
Conclusion
According to the results, the nano EO of T. vulgaris is recommended for the biologic control against R. sanguineus larva. In addition, further studies should be done on the nano material to enhance its effect on the adult female tick reproduction.
Improved Stability Analysis of Neural Networks with Time Delay Based on Variable Augmented Free Weight Matrix
Authors: Li FuDong , Xie Wei , Zhu WeiYi , Shi ZongHao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This article investigates the stability of time-delay neural network systems by the free-weighting matrices based on variable- augmentation.In the process of accurately evaluating the stability of delayed neural network systems, the conservative simplification of stability criteria has received widespread attention. In this paper, a variable-augmentation-based free-weighting matrix method is applied to time-varying delayed neural network systems, and unnecessary free weighting matrices are removed. Some results with fewer free-weighting matrices are obtained, while maintaining their stability and conservatism. Finally, a specific neural network numerical example was used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.
High ratio of resident to exhausted CD4+ T cells predicts favorable prognosis and potentially better immunotherapeutic efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zuo Anning , Lv Jinxiang , Jia Wenlong , Ba Yuhao , Liu Shutong , Zhang Yuyuan , Weng Siyuan , Xu Hui , Liu Long , Wang Libo , Liu Zaoqu , Han Xinwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are significantly implicated in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and immunotherapeutic response. However, little is known about the impact of the resident and exhausted status of TILs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing data was applied to discover resident and exhausted signatures of TILs. Survival outcomes, biological function, immune infiltration, genomic variation, immunotherapeutic efficacy, and sorafenib response were further explored the clinical significance and molecular association of TILs in HCC. Moreover, a candidate gene with predictive capability for the dismal subtype was identified through univariate Cox regression analysis, survival analysis, and BEST website.
Results: Single-cell analysis revealed that CD8+ T, CD4+ T, and NK cells were strongly associated with resident and exhausted patterns. Specific resident and exhausted signatures for each subpopulation were extracted in HCC. Further multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the ratio of resident to exhausted CD4+ T cells in TIME was an independent prognosis factor. After incorporating tumor purity with the ratio of resident to exhausted CD4+ T cells, we stratified HCC patients into three subtypes and found that (i) CD4 residencyhighexhaustionlow subtype was endowed with favorable prognosis, immune activation, and sensitivity to immunotherapy; (ii) CD4 exhaustionhighresidencylow subtype was characterized by genome instability and sensitivity to sorafenib; (iii) Immune-desert subtype was associated with malignant-related pathways and poor prognosis. Furthermore, spindle assembly abnormal protein 6 homolog (SASS6) was identified as a key gene, which accurately predicted the immune-desert subtype. Prognostic analysis and in vitro experiments further demonstrated that SASS6 was closely associated with tumor prognosis, proliferation, and migration.
Conclusions: The ratio of resident to exhausted CD4+ T cells could serve as a candidate biomarker for evaluating prognosis and potential response to immunotherapy in HCC and SASS6 was a novel biomarker and candidate therapeutic target for prognostic assessment of HCC.
Both local stability and dispersal contribute to metacommunity sensitivity to asynchronous habitat availability (depending on landscape structure and foodweb complexity)
Authors: de Espanés Pablo Moisset , Ramos-Jiliberto Rodrigo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The stability of isolated communities is determined by foodweb complexity.However, it is unclear how local stability interacts with dispersal in multitrophic metacommunities to shape biodiversity patterns. Furthermore, metacommunity dynamics in landscapes with non-trivial and dynamic structures are less understood.vspace{8pt}\newlineObjectives: We aim to evaluate the influence of local stabilizing factors versus dispersalin determining the sensitivity of metacommunity biodiversity to increasing site availabilityasynchrony. Additionally, we assess the role of foodweb complexity and landscapestructure as modulating factors.vspace{8pt}\newlineMethods: We developed a model based on random matrices for local communities, which are linked by stochastic dispersal over explicit dynamic landscapes. We ran numerical simulations and computed the effect sizes of foodweb temperature, self-limitation, dispersal ability, and all pairwise combinations, on the sensitivity of biodiversity to landscape asynchrony. We explored gradients of species richness, foodweb connectance, number of sites, and landscape modularity.Asynchrony among site availability periods reduced \(\alpha\)-diversity and rose \(\beta\)-diversity. Asynchrony increased \(\gamma\)-diversity at high dispersal rates. Bothlocal and regional stabilizing factors determined the sensitivity of metacommunities to land-scape asynchrony. Local factors were more influential in landscapes with fewer sites andlower modularity. Local factors were particularly influential in metacommunities composed of complex foodwebs.This research offers insights into the dynamics of metacommunitiesin dynamic landscapes, providing valuable knowledge about the interplay between local andregional factors in shaping ecological stability and species persistence. We delve into themechanisms underlying our results and discuss potential extensions of our study.
Ultrastructure and phylogenetic significance of spermatozoa in Nemertea
Authors: Bartolomaeus Thomas , Bronkars Vanessa , Adam Leon , Döhren Jörn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Sperm ultrastructure is frequently employed as a source for phylogenetic inference due to the ease of accessing spermatozoa. Despite being unicellular, sperm cells exhibit a relatively high number of diverse characters and character states. Spermatozoa are subject to strong sexual selection as they are finely tuned for maximizing male reproductive success. Given this strong functional constraint, one might anticipate the emergence of convergent characters in line with similar modes of reproduction. As a result, it might be expected that sperm cells do not possess substantial phylogenetic signal, with functional constraints overshadowing any evolutionary heritage. To test this assumption, we conducted a study on sperm ultrastructure in 12 nemertean species, representing closely related groups and major nemertean lineages. We analyzed these data for their phylogenetic signal within the context of the most recent nemertean phylogenies. Our findings demonstrate that, at all systematic levels, functional constraints imposed by sexual selection or the mode of reproduction do not supersede the influence of historical constraints on sperm ultrastructure.
Integrating Linguistically Responsive Care into Medical Curriculum: A Student-Designed Interpreter Speaking-Spanish Patient Simulation
Authors: Chan Joanne , Vill Brittany , Monjazeb Ryan , Shah Aashka , Spaide Rachel , Nelson Christopher , Coiado Olivia C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Language barrier is a social determinant of health and given the impact of
language barriers on social determinants of health, we observed a gap in our medical education on how to approach encounters with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) patients. To address this issue, a simulation with Spanish-speaking standardized patients (SP) was created.
Methods: 12 first-year medical students participated in this study. Students had an opportunity to counsel Spanish speaking patients on chronic kidney disease. The patient case was created with special attention to culturally specific factors and students watched an educational video on interpreter etiquette in healthcare settings. Identical pre- and post-experience surveys consisting of quantitative (Likert scale of 1-5) and qualitative questions were collected to assess the impact of the experience on the students’ comfort and understanding of proper interpreter use. The outcomes of the session were measured with these surveys and participant feedback.
Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between quantitative pre- and post-experience survey questions. Surveys indicated increases in comfortability acquiring an interpreter for a clinical encounter, comfortability using an interpreter during a clinical encounter, and recognition of mistakes made by healthcare providers while using an interpreter.
Discussion/Conclusion: The Spanish-speaking standardized patient case empowered medical students to feel comfortable procuring and utilizing interpreter services, demonstrating the need for interpretation in providing culturally competent and equitable care to LEP patients. We foresee this patient encounter experience becoming a valuable learning tool for students and hope to integrate this case into the first-year curriculum at our institution and possibly beyond.
Experimentally investigation of the high temperature oxidation mechanism for Ni-Al-Pt alloy supported by CALPHAD calculations
Authors: Ta Na , Zhang Lijun , Li Qin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
High temperature oxidation experiments combined with CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) thermodynamics calculations have been performed in Ni-20Al-5Pt (in at.%) alloy at 1100°C, to attain a more detailed fundamental understanding of the high temperature oxidation behavior of Ni-Al-Pt alloy. And the influences of alloy composition on the formation, growth and spallation behavior of TGO scales formed during isothermal tests at 1100°C have also been discussed. It is indicated that the whole oxidation process developed in stages, Al2O3 formed firstly at the bottom, NiO overgrow and undercut the Al2O3. The formation of NiO results in nickel depletion and aluminum enrichment, as soon as the Al content reaches the critical value, θ-Al2O3 transfers into α-Al2O3 with compacted structure, the outward diffusion of Al dominates, inward diffusion of O secondarily. The α-Al2O3 would establish itself as a complete layer to shut down further Ni outward diffusion. When Al is not enough, Al2O3 will react with NiO to form NiAl2O4. The subsequent oxidation process may also result in nickel enrichment at the oxide scale/alloy interface. It is demonstrated that the vacancies coalesce into small voids due to unequal diffusion of Al towards the Al2O3 scale and backward diffusion of Ni in the opposite direction, leading to extensive scale spallation. While Pt has the active effect to contribute thinner oxide scale that is more resistant to spallation.
Level of perceived social support, and associated factors, in combat-exposed (ex-)military personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grover Laura Elizabeth , Williamson Charlotte , Burdett Howard , Palmer Laura , Fear Nicola Townsend 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Combat deployment increases exposure to potentially traumatic events. Perceived social support (PSS) may promote health and recovery from combat trauma. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize studies investigating the level of PSS, and associated factors, in (ex-)military personnel who served in the Iraq/Afghanistan conflicts.
Methods
Five electronic databases were searched in August 2023 and searches were restricted to the beginning of the Iraq/Afghanistan conflicts in 2001. The search was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A quality assessment was carried out, a meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were performed.
Results
In total, 35 papers were included consisting of 19,073 participants. Out of these, 31 studies were conducted in the United States and 23 were cross-sectional. The pooled mean PSS score was 54.40 (95% CI: 51.78 to 57.01). Samples with probable post-traumatic stress disorder reported a lower mean level of PSS (44.40, 95% CI: 39.10 to 49.70). Around half of the included studies (n = 19) investigated mental health in relation to PSS, whilst only four explored physical health. The most frequently reported risk factors for low PSS included post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety, whilst post-traumatic growth and unit support were protective factors.
Conclusion
Higher levels of PSS were generally associated with more positive psychosocial and mental health-related outcomes following deployment. PSS should be targeted in psychosocial interventions and education programmes. Future studies should investigate PSS in (ex-)military personnel across other countries and cultures.
Parechovirus infection in human brain organoids: host innate inflammatory response and not neuro-infectivity correlates to neurologic disease
Authors: Capendale Pamela E. , García-Rodríguez Inés , Ambikan Anoop T. , Mulder Lance A. , Depla Josse A. , Freeze Eline , Koen Gerrit , Calitz Carlemi , Sood Vikas , de Sá Renata Vieira , Neogi Ujjwal , Pajkrt Dasja , Srid Adithya , Wolthers Katja C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Picornaviruses are a leading cause of central nervous system (CNS) infections. While genotypes such as Parechovirus A3 (PeV-A3) and echovirus 11 (E11) can elicit severe neurological disease, the highly prevalent PeV-A1 is not associated with CNS disease. Here, we expand our current understanding of these differences in PeV-A CNS disease using human brain organoids and clinical isolates of PeV-A genotypes. Our data indicates that PeV-A1 and A3 specific differences in neurological disease are not due to infectivity of CNS cells as both viruses productively infect brain organoids with a similar cell tropism. Proteomic analysis showed that PeV-A infection significantly alters the host cell metabolism. The inflammatory response following PeV-A3 (and E11 infection) was significantly more potent than that upon PeV-A1 infection. Collectively, our findings align with clinical observations and suggest a role for inflammatory-mediated neurology, rather than viral replication, in PeV-A3 (and E11) infection.