bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SKRINING GANGGUAN PENGLIHATAN TERHADAP KEBIASAAN ANAK SDN 04 ARAB MELAYU KOTA SEBERANG JAMBI
Authors: Rahmatillah Imat , Ridwan Ridwan , Fairuz Fairuz , Nuriyah Nuriyah , K Erny , D A Wahyu Indah 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Background: Visual disturbances, especially in school children, are currently receiving less attention. Children's habits are one of the triggers for eye disorders in this case is visual acuity. Myopia is one of the causes of decreased visual acuity in children, even though vision is needed in the teaching and learning process. Objective: The objective of this community service is to find visual impairments in the habits of the children of SDN04 Arab Melayu Seberang Jambi City so that if visual impairment is found, the service team can provide education to teachers. Methods: Eye health checks include good vision checks using a snellen card and trial lens. Results: The sample for this service was all 261 students of SD 04 Arab Melayu Seberang, Jambi City. Where it was found that as many as 183 students had a habit of using gadgets and as many as 81 students read while lying down. After a visual examination, 179 students were declared normal and 82 students with visual impairments.
Keywords: Visual disturbances, Habits, Myopia

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Gangguan penglihatan terutama pada anak sekolah saat ini kurang diperhatikan. Kebiasaan anak merupakan salah satu pemicu terjadinya gangguan pada mata dalam hal ini adalah ketajaman penglihatan. Myopia merupakan salah satu penyebab penurunan ketajaman penglihatan pda anak, padahal penglihatan saat diperlukan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Tujuan: Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk menemukan gangguan penglihatan terhadap kebiasaan anak SDN04 Arab Melayu Kota Seberang Jambi sehingga apabila ditemukan gangguan penglihatan maka tim pengabdian dapat meberikan edukasi terhadap guru. Metode: Pemeriksaan kesehatan mata meliputi pemeriksaan visus baik menggunakan snellen card dan trial lens. Hasil: Sampel pada pengabdian ini adalah seluruh siswa SD 04 Arab Melayu Kota Seberang Jambi sebanyak 261 siswa. Dimana didapatkan bahwa sebanyak 183 siswa yang mempunyai kebiasaan penggunaan gadget dan sebanyak 81 siswa membaca sambil berbaring. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan visus maka sebanyak 179 siswa dinyatakan normal dan 82 siswa dengan gangguan penglihatan.
Kata Kunci: Gangguan penglihatan, Kebiasaan, Myopia
OPTIMALISASI PENCAPAIAN PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK KASAR MELALUI PERMAINAN KURSI MUSIK PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Ekawaty Fadliyana , Rudini Dini , Nurhusna Nurhusna , Suryati Suryati 
Published: December 2023

Kemampuan Motorik kasar adalah kemampuan anak dalam beraktivitas dengan menggunakan otot-otot besar, contoh gearakan motoric kasar yaitu aktivitas otot kaki, tangan dan seluruh otot tubuh yang mengutamakan kematangan dalam koordinasi. Dalam mengotimalkan pencapaian perkembangan motoric kasar dapat dilakukan juga melalui permainan. Permainan Kursi Musik (musical chair) merupakan salah satu permainan yang dapat membantu tumbuh kembang anak. Dalam permainan ini terdapat aktivitas berjoget yang dilkukan anak sambil mengikuti iringan musik, sehingga motorik kasar anak dapat berkembang, selain motorik kasar perkembangan sosial juga akan berkembang, karena dalam permainan ini anak akan bersosialisasi dengan teman-teman yang lain ketika memeprebutkan kursi yang kosong.
Keyword: motorik kasar, permainan musik, usia dini
The analgesic efficacy of pectoral nerve block for breast augmentation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies
Authors: Yang Hailin , Wang Hao , Wang Qi 
Published: December 2023

Background: Many patients suffered from serious pain after breast augmentation, but the analgesic efficacy of pectoral nerve block for these patients was not well established. Thus, this meta-analysis was intended to study the analgesic efficacy of pectoral nerve block for breast augmentation.
Methods: Several databases including PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases were searched, and we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the analgesic efficacy of pectoral nerve block for breast augmentation.
Results: Six RCTs were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. Compared with control intervention for breast augmentation, pectoral nerve block could significantly reduce pain scores at 1 h (mean difference [MD] = −2.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −3.71 to −0.85; P = 0.002), 2 h (MD = −3.08; 95% CI = −3.95 to −2.20; P < 0.00001), 4 h (MD = −2.95; 95% CI = −3.32 to −2.58; P < 0.00001), 6–8 h (MD = −2.68; 95% CI = −3.24 to −2.11; P < 0.00001), 24 h (MD = −2.04; 95% CI = −2.41 to −1.67; P < 0.00001), the number of analgesic requirement (odd ratio [OR] = 0.20; 95% CI = 0.09 to 0.45; P = 0.0001), and the incidence of nausea (OR = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.54; P = 0.001) and vomiting (OR = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.39; P = 0.0001).
Conclusions: Pectoral nerve block may be effective for pain relief after breast augmentation.
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) in Dog’s Hair as a Sign of Oxidative Stress – Preliminary Study
Authors: Boić Nikolina , Hackenberger Kutuzović Branimir , Hackenberger Kutuzović Davorka 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Various endogenous and exogenous factors influence the occurrence of oxidative stress in all organisms, as well as in dogs. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration and the occurrence of oxidative stress can lead to changes in the structure of proteins, lipids, and DNA. The level of oxidative stress can be determined by measuring the end products of lipid peroxidation known as reactive substances of thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) of which malondialdehyde (MDA) is the most important. The concentration of MDA can be easily measured in various tissues and body excretions, but also by a non-invasive method of hair sampling. In this research, we have collected dog hair in grooming saloons, fluorometrically measured TBARS levels and compared the obtained values with factors such as breed, sex, age, passive smoking, sterilization, and season. No significant difference between sterilized and non-sterilized dogs was observed. The intensity of lipid peroxidation differed between the sexes, dog breeds, status of smoking by owner and exposure to UV radiation.
The effects of systemic stress on orthodontic tooth movement
Authors: Gameiro Gustavo Hauber , Nouer Darcy Flávio , Pereira-Neto João Sarmento , Urtado Marília Bertoldo , Novaes Pedro Duarte , de Castro Margaret , Arruda Veiga Maria Cecília Ferraz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To determine if systemic stress affects the biological reactions occurring during orthodontic tooth movement.

Methods
Four groups of male 10 week-old Wistar rats were used. Group A animals (N=10) were restrained for one hour per day for 40 days; Group B animals (N=10) were restrained for one hour per day for three days; Group C (N=10) and Group D (N=8) animals were unrestrained. The upper left first molars in the rats in Groups A (long-term stress), B (short-term stress) and C (control) were moved mesially during the last 14 days of the experiment. The animals in Group D (N=8) were used for body weight and hormonal dosage comparisons only. They were not subjected to any stress and did not have appliances fitted. All animals were killed at 18 weeks of age and blood collected for measurement of plasma corticosterone. Tooth movement was measured with an electronic caliper. The right and left hemi-maxillae of five rats from each group were removed and the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive cells, defined as osteoclasts, adjacent to the mesial roots of the upper first molars counted. The contralateral side in each animal served as the control (split-mouth design).

Results
Corticosterone levels were significantly higher in the stressed groups (Groups A and B) than in the control group (Group C). Tooth movement was significantly greater in Group A (long-term stress) compared with Group B (short-term stress) and Group C (control), which did not differ from each other. There were significantly more osteoclasts in the long-term stress group than in the short-term stress and control groups.

Conclusion
Persistent systemic stress increases bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement. Systemic stress may affect the rate of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment.
Shear bond strengths of molar tubes bonded with different adhesives
Authors: Chapman J. Luke , Coreil Mark N. , Armbruster Paul C. , Du Joanna X. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
This study determined which molar base retentive designs produced the greatest shear bond strength (SBS) to human molars when using different adhesives.

Methods
One hundred and fifty extracted human molars were divided into 15 groups of 10. The tested molar tube bases included two stainless steel experimental base designs, a titanium single mesh 80 gauge base, a stainless steel double mesh 150 gauge under 80 gauge base and a stainless steel single mesh 80 gauge base. Each base was bonded with Transbond XT, Pad Lock and Light Bond. One primer, Assure, was used for all specimens. Bonded specimens were stored in water for 7 days and SBS was measured on an Instron testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. Two-way ANOVA were performed with post-hoc comparisons of the means to determine any statistical differences in SBS. The significance level was set at 5 per cent.

Results
The brackets, adhesives and combinations of brackets and adhesives used had a significant effect on SBS (Bracket: p < 0.001; Adhesive: p = 0.020; Interaction: p = 0.005). Mean SBS differed significantly for the adhesives: Light Bond, Pad Lock and Transbond (p < 0.001, p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). In general, the stainless steel single mesh 80 gauge base and Light Bond adhesive produced the greatest SBS.

Conclusion
The clinician’s choice of bracket and adhesive affect the SBS of bonded molar attachments.
The accuracy of a 3-D laser scanner for crown width measurements
Authors: Nouri Mahtab , Massudi Reza , Bagheban Alireza Akbarzadeh , Azimi Somayyeh , Fereidooni Farzad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Virtual dental casts have been recently introduced to orthodontics. The problem of capturing the shapes of teeth on study casts may be complicated by the presence of undercut areas and deep grooves.

Aims
This study aimed to develop a 3-D laser scanner and associated software, and to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of mesio-distal crown width measurements based on slice distinction.

Methods
To evaluate reproducibility: a cube was scanned with readily available equipment and the digital measurements compared to caliper measurements of the cube; and the mesio-distal widths of artificial upper teeth were measured, set-up in a dental model, scanned, measured on the virtual study models and compared with the reference measurements. Custom software was used to capture and process the resulting images. To determine validity artificial teeth were measured with calipers, set-up in 20 different malocclusions, duplicated and scanned. The caliper measurements of groups of teeth (incisors, canines, premolars, molars) were compared with digital measurements of the same teeth. In the second method to determine validity, 10 dental casts were scanned and measured by two examiners and the mesio-distal widths compared with the reference values, and with each other.

Results
The digital measurements of the cube fell within 0.1 mm of the reference value. The absolute error in repeated measures of the dental model was 0.32 ± 0.25 mm. The overall correlation between 3-D images of the teeth and the reference values, using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), was 0.84. The most and least valid results for groups of teeth were the premolars and canines, respectively. The inter-observer ICC was 0.60, and each examiner’s ICC versus the reference values were 0.833 and 0.855.

Conclusions
The mesio-distal widths of teeth and groups of teeth can be reliably and validly measured on virtual study models using the scanner and software developed for this purpose. Inaccuracy in the canine region may be overcome by using a smaller rotational angle during scanning.
Bond failure in clinical practice
Authors: Ewing Mark 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
It has been suggested that the small bonding pads and prominent profiles of self-ligating brackets may lead to high failure rates when compared with conventional edgewise brackets.

Aims
To compare the bond failure rates of a self-ligating bracket (Speed, Strite Industries, Cambridge, Canada) and a twin edgewise bracket (Mini-Diamond, Ormco, Orange, CA, USA) bonded with different adhesives (Sequence, Ormco, Orange, CA, USA; Transbond XT, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA); to compare the bond failure rates of a self-ligating bracket bonded with different adhesives (Enlight, Ormco, Orange, CA, USA; Lightbond, Reliance, Itasca, IL, USA); and to compare the bond failure rates of molar attachments (Speed, Strite Industries, Cambridge, Canada) using different adhesives (Enlight, Ormco, Orange, CA, USA; Lightbond, Reliance, Itasca, IL, USA; Sequence, Ormco, Orange, CA, USA; Transbond XT, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA).

Methods
This retrospective study covered 17 years. Study A (1991–99): Speed and Mini-Diamond brackets were bonded in both arches with either Sequence (Group 1) or Transbond-XT (Group 2) adhesives and the number of bond failures compared. Study B (2000–07): Speed brackets were bonded with either Lightbond (Group 3) or Enlight (Group 4) adhesives and the total number of bond failures (first-time and re-failures) compared. In Study C (1991–2007) Speed upper molar mini-brackets, upper molar tubes or ER brackets were used in the upper arch, and Speed lower buccal tubes were used in the lower arch. The failure rates of the molar attachments were compared.

Results
In Study A the failure rates with Sequence adhesive were: Speed 7.3 per cent, Mini-Diamond 11.9 per cent (p = 0.05). With Transbond XT adhesive the failure rates were: Speed 5.9 per cent, Mini-Diamond 6.4 per cent (p > 0.05). The teeth with the highest failure rates (central incisors and second premolars) were similar for both appliances. In Study B the failure rates were: Group 3 (Speed/Lightbond) 4.2 per cent; Group 4 (Speed/Enlight) 6.9 per cent; Group 3 vs Group 4, p = 0.05. In Study C the failure rate of Speed upper molar mini-brackets was markedly higher than the failure rates of the molar tubes.

Conclusions
The failure rates of the Speed brackets reduced over time, possibly because of improvements in the adhesives. The small bonding pads and prominent profiles of Speed brackets did not result in high failure rates.
Changes in shear bond strength of ceramic and stainless steel brackets with different visible light curing times and directions
Authors: Heravi Farzin , Bayani Shahin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Selection of the appropriate curing time and light direction may enable the appropriate shear bond strength to be obtained and avoid enamel fracture during debonding.

Aims
To determine the effects of different curing times and light directions on the shear bond strengths of ceramic and stainless steel brackets.

Method
Ninety-two recently extracted, upper premolars were randomly assigned to six groups. Either stainless steel or ceramic brackets were bonded to the buccal surfaces of the teeth. Group 1, stainless steel brackets cured for 40 seconds from buccal surface; Group II, stainless steel brackets cured for 40 seconds from palatal surface; Group III, stainless steel brackets cured for 80 seconds from palatal surface; Group IV, ceramic brackets cured for 40 seconds from the buccal surface; Group V, ceramic brackets cured for 40 seconds from the palatal surface; Group VI, ceramic brackets cured for 80 seconds from the palatal surface. The shear bond strength was measured with a universal testing machine and the resin remaining after debonding scored with the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). The data were analysed with the one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Associations between the ARI and shear bond strength were determined with Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results
Group IV (ceramic brackets cured for 40 seconds from buccal surface) had the highest shear bond strength (21.26 MPa) and Group II (metal brackets cured for 40 seconds from palatal surface) had the lowest shear bond strength (6.95 MPa).There was no significant difference in ARI scores among the groups. The association between the ARI scores and bond strength values was not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Curing from the buccal surface for 40 seconds gave unacceptably high shear bond strength values for both stainless steel and ceramic brackets. Lower shear bond strengths occurred when the light was directed from the palatal surface, but a shorter curing time is more likely to be preferred by clinicians. Future studies should investigate the possibility of reducing the curing time for both brackets.
Space planning sensitivity and specificity: Royal London Space Planning and Korkhaus Analyses
Authors: Dause Rania , Cobourne Martyn , McDonald Fraser 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To establish the sensitivity and specificity of the Korkhaus and Royal London Space Planning Analyses.

Methods
The sample consisted of 30 cases with two sets of study models and lateral cephalometric radiographs taken at least three years apart. These were then further subdivided into Class I (N = 10), Class II division 1 (N = 10) and Class II division 2 cases (N = 10). The Royal London Space Planning Analysis and the Korkhaus Analysis were applied on these cases at both times.

Results
Study model analysis: The Royal London Planning Analysis revealed that in Class I malocclusions, upper and lower arch crowding and spacing changed significantly with time. The total space required and tooth size reduction for the lower arch had also changed significantly. Additionally, in the Class II division 1 malocclusions, lower arch crowding and spacing, total space required and the need for tooth size reduction had significantly increased, while, in Class II division 2 malocclusions, a statistically significant increase was observed in the upper and lower arch crowding and spacing.
The Korkhaus Analysis showed that in Class I malocclusions a significant decrease was observed in the lower arch length and the lower anterior arch width. The upper posterior (inter-molar) arch width had significantly increased. In Class II division 1 malocclusions the lower right posterior space available had decreased significantly. The upper posterior arch width and the lower posterior arch width also significantly increased. In Class II division 2 malocclusions, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the lower anterior arch length. There were no significant changes in all angular and the two linear measurements for all classes.

Conclusions
The Royal London Space Planning Analysis and the Korkhause Analysis are clinically sensitive analyses. The Royal London Space Planning Analysis lacks specificity to be a robust model for treatment planning; modification may be required before this technique is accepted.
Incremental effects of facemask therapy associated with intermaxillary mechanics
Authors: Thiesen Guilherme , Fontes Juliana de Oliveira da Luz , Zastrow Michella Dinah , May Naudy Brodbeck 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To determine the dentofacial changes in children with skeletal Class III malocclusions treated with maxillary expansion, external maxillary protraction and intermaxillary traction.

Methods
Fifteen Class III patients in either the deciduous or the mixed dentition (Mean age: 7.6 years; SD: 1.9 years) were used. The children were treated with a modified Haas expander, a modified lingual arch, intermaxillary elastics and facemask for nine months. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken at the beginning of treatment (T1) and at 3-month intervals (T2, T3, T4).

Results
Most significant sagittal skeletal modifications occurred in the first three months of treatment. During the first three months of treatment the upper and lower incisors tipped lingually and the face height increased. Towards the end of treatment the upper incisors proclined and the upper lip became more protrusive.

Conclusion
The therapy corrected the horizontal skeletal and arch discrepancies and improved the positions of the lips.
Indirect bonding - do custom bases need a plastic conditioner? A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Miles Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim
To compare the clinical failure rates over six months of indirectly bonded brackets with and without methyl methacrylate monomer (MMM) conditioned custom bases.

Methods
Thirty-six consecutive patients satisfying the selection criteria were randomly assigned to two groups in a split-mouth study design. In Group 1, the maxillary right and mandibular left quadrants were indirectly bonded after the custom bases had been conditioned with MMM. The brackets bonded to the teeth in the contralateral quadrants were not conditioned. In Group 2, the custom bases on the brackets indirectly bonded to the teeth in the maxillary left and mandibular right quadrants were conditioned and the brackets in the contralateral quadrants were not conditioned. Over the 6-month observation period all loose brackets were recorded, and the data were compared with a Wilcoxon signed ranks test.

Results
Of the 828 brackets placed, six with the MMM conditioning came loose (1.4 per cent failed) compared with five in the Control group (1.2 per cent failed). The difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.74).

Conclusion
These results indicate that conditioning custom bases with methyl methacrylate monomer is an unnecessary step when indirectly bonding brackets.
The effect of morphine on orthodontic tooth movement in rats
Authors: Akhoundi Mohammad S.A. , Dehpour Ahmad Reza , Rashidpour Mahsa , Alaeddini Mojgan , Kharazifard Mohammad Javad , Noroozi Hassan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the effect of morphine as an exogenous opioid on orthodontic tooth movement. Naltrexone will be used as an opioid antagonist to confirm the results.

Methods
Forty rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. The first group received no injection; the second group received daily injections of morphine; the third group received daily naltrexone-morphine injections and the fourth group daily injections of naltrexone-normal saline. The left first maxillary molar in each rat was tipped mesially with a NiTi closed coil spring. The rats were sacrificed after 14 days and the maxillae fixed, sectioned serially and examined histologically.

Results
The greatest amount of tooth movement occurred in the Control group and the least amount of tooth movement in the Morphine group. Tooth movement in the Morphine group was significantly different from the other three groups (p < 0.05). The differences in tooth movement in the Control, Morphine-naltrexone and Naltrexone-saline groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). No statistically significant histological differences were found.

Conclusions
Morphine reduced orthodontic tooth movement in rats. This effect was reversed by the opioid antagonist, naltrexone, which had no effect on tooth movement.