bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Self‐Assembly of Monosubstituted Pillar[5]Arenes Under the Control of the Nature of the Amide Moiety
Authors: Shurpik Dmitriy N. , Aleksandrova Yulia I. , Makhmutova Lyaysan I. , Akhmedov Alan A. , Nazarova Anastasia A. , Lodochnikova Olga A. , Ivshin Kamil , Kataeva Olga N. , Islamov Daut R. , Huang Feihe , Stoikov Ivan I. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, we have shown for the first time that the introduction of a single alkylamide substituent into the macrocyclic platform of pillar[5]arene opens up the possibility to control the supramolecular properties of this macrocyclic platform. The ability of the synthesized pillar[5]arenes to form supramolecular pseudorotaxane associates both in solutions and in the crystalline state was studied by a complex of physical methods. Linear secondary amide fragments such as N,N‐diethylethane‐1,2‐diamide, N,N‐dimethylpropane‐1,3‐diamide, or N‐aminoethylmorpholide in the structure of pillar[5]arene promote the formation of self‐inclusion complexes both in solution and crystalline states. Whereas tertiary amides such as pyrrolidide or morpholide moieties favor the formation of supramolecular polymers both in solution and in crystalline states. The obtained results show the prospects for the use of amide fragments in the structures of pillar[n]arenes as customization units for controlling supramolecular self‐assembly.
The Matrix Reloaded: A Revised Framework for the Inference of the Four Basic Forms of Social Differentiation
Authors: Roth Steffen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper revisits and refines Niklas Luhmann's framework for understanding social differentiation, addressing unresolved ambiguities in his original theory. Luhmann's approach, which initially identified three core forms of social differentiation—segmentation, stratification and functional differentiation—expanded to include a fourth form, centralization. By critically examining the theoretical underpinnings and limitations of Luhmann's distinctions, this study shows how the four basic forms of social differentiation can be inferred from a cross‐tabulation of the equality/inequality distinction, provided that this distinction is treated as a false distinction and decomposed into two true ones. This new approach not only resolves existing ambiguities but also enhances the analytical capacity of the theory, potentially extending its application beyond social sciences to other domains of differentiation.
Perception and utilisation of veterinary services by rodent owners in the United Kingdom
Authors: James Lucy , Wills Alison P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited research on how rodent owners use and perceive veterinary services and what the demand for pet insurance for these species is.MethodsAn online survey of owners of pet rodents (guinea pigs, hamsters, rats, gerbils and mice) measured owner confidence in recognising signs of illness, their opinions on and use of veterinary services and their willingness to purchase pet insurance.ResultsA total of 1700 respondents completed the survey. Rat owners had increased confidence in recognising signs of illness, as did owners who acquired their pet from a breeder or rescue centre. Most respondents had used veterinary services, with owners perceiving exotics specialists to have increased knowledge. Economic challenges with accessing veterinary care were common. Where rodents were purchased for children, the amount owners were willing to spend on veterinary care was significantly less.LimitationsResponses may have been biased towards keen owners who self‐selected to participate in the survey. Respondents were predominantly female, which may have affected willingness to access and pay for veterinary services.ConclusionVeterinary spending was not affected by income; however, owners who purchased their animal for their children were less willing to pay for veterinary services and pet insurance.
Exploring the popularity of raw meat‐based diets for dogs and cats: A cross‐sectional opinion survey in Spain
Authors: Díaz‐Regañón David , Llorca Celia , Sainz Ángel , Rodríguez‐Franco Fernando , Villaescusa Alejandra , Olmeda Patricia , García‐Sancho Mercedes 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundResearch on the general public's knowledge and usage patterns of pet food, particularly regarding raw meat‐based diets (RMBDs), is limited in many countries, including Spain.MethodsAn anonymous cross‐sectional web‐based survey was conducted to assess the Spanish population's understanding and perceptions of RMBDs for cats and dogs.ResultsOf the 712 respondents, 46.77% were familiar with RMBDs, and 6% of pet owners reported using them. Dogs (7.61%) were more likely to be fed an RMBDs than cats (3.23%). While 66% of those familiar with RMBDs believed in their benefits, 96.40% recognised potential disadvantages. Concerns about risks to pets (63%) and those handling the food items (44.74%) were noted. Moreover, almost one in four owners (22.58%) who fed their pet an RMBDs lived with immunologically vulnerable people. Interestingly, confidence in veterinary advice was lower among owners using these diets.LimitationsLimitations intrinsic to questionnaire studies, such as potential response bias, are acknowledged.ConclusionThe study highlights the importance of improved veterinarian‒client communication regarding pet nutrition, emphasising the need for veterinarians to play a more active educational role.
Endocan as a marker of endotheliitis in COVID-19 patients: modulation by veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, arterial hypertension and previous treatment with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors
Authors: Reina-Couto Marta , Alves David , Silva-Pereira Carolina , Pereira-Terra Patrícia , Martins Sandra , Bessa João , Teixeira-Santos Luísa , Pinho Dora , Morato Manuela , Dias Cláudia Camila , Sarmento António , Tavares Margarida , Guimarães João T. , Roncon-Albuquerque Roberto , Paiva José-Artur , Albino-Teixeira António , Sousa Teresa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and aims
Endocan has been scarcely explored in COVID-19, especially regarding its modulation by veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO), hypertension or previous renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors treatment.
We compared endocan and other endotheliitis markers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and assessed their modulation by VV-ECMO, hypertension and previous RAAS inhibitors treatment.

Material and methods
Serum endocan, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin were measured in “severe” (n = 27), “critically ill” (n = 17) and “critically ill on VV-ECMO” (n = 17) COVID-19 patients at admission, days 3–4, 5–8 and weekly thereafter, and in controls (n = 23) at a single time point.

Results
Admission endocan and VCAM-1 were increased in all patients, but “critically ill on VV-ECMO” patients had higher endocan and E-Selectin. Endocan remained elevated throughout hospitalization in all groups. “Severe” and “critically ill” hypertensive patients or previously treated with RAAS inhibitors had higher endocan and/or VCAM-1, but in VV-ECMO patients the raised endocan values seemed unrelated with these factors. Among all COVID-19 hypertensive patients, those with previous RAAS inhibitors treatment had higher endocan.

Conclusions
In our study, endocan stands out as the best marker of endotheliitis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, being upregulated by VV-ECMO support, hypertension and previous RAAS inhibitor treatment.
Pericytes mediate neuroinflammation via Fli-1 in endotoxemia and sepsis in mice
Authors: Li Pengfei , Liu Liu , Halushka Perry V. , Trojanowska Maria , Wang Guirong , Ergul Adviye , Fan Hongkuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) often results from neuroinflammation. Recent studies have shown that brain platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) cells, including pericytes, may act as early sensors of infection by secreting monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which transmits inflammatory signals to the central nervous system. The erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factor Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli-1) plays a critical role in inflammation by regulating the expression of key cytokines, including MCP-1. However, the role of pericyte Fli-1 in neuroinflammation during sepsis remains largely unknown.

Methods
WT and pericyte-specific Fli-1 knockout mice were subjected to endotoxemia through LPS injection or sepsis via cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). In vitro, Fli-1 was knocked down using small interfering RNA in cultured mouse brain pericytes, followed by LPS stimulation.

Results
Elevated Fli-1 levels were observed in isolated brain pericytes 2 h after LPS administration, in brain tissues 4 h after CLP, and in cultured mouse brain pericytes 2 h after LPS stimulation in vitro. In endotoxemic mice, pericyte-specific Fli-1 knockout reduced expression of MCP-1 and IL-6 in brain tissue 2 h after LPS injection. At 24 h post-LPS administration, protein levels of MCP-1 and IL-6, and microglia activation were suppressed in pericyte-Fli-1 knockout mice. Additionally, Fli-1 deficiency in pericytes significantly reduced MCP-1 and IL-6 mRNA levels in the brain tissue 4 h after CLP. Moreover, in cultured brain pericytes, Fli-1 knockdown markedly decreased MCP-1 and IL-6 levels after LPS stimulation. Notably, LPS stimulation increased Fli-1 levels via TLR4-Myd88 signaling, which subsequently led to elevated production of MCP-1 in brain pericytes.

Conclusions

Fli-1 in pericytes may serve as a crucial mediator of neuroinflammation during sepsis by directly regulating pivotal cytokines such as MCP-1 and IL-6. Therefore, Fli-1 has the potential to serve as a therapeutic target in SAE and other neuroinflammatory disorders.
Stability of Weak Electrokinetic Flow
Authors: Lee Fizay-Noah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider the Nernst-Planck-Stokes system on a bounded domain of

$${{\mathbb {R}}}^d$$

R

d

,

$$d=2,3$$

d
=
2
,
3

with general nonequilibrium Dirichlet boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations. It is well known that, in a wide range of cases, equilibrium steady state solutions of the system, characterized by zero fluid flow, are asymptotically stable. In these regimes, the existence of a natural dissipative structure is critical in obtaining stability. This structure, in general, breaks down under nonequilibrium conditions, in which case, in the steady state, the fluid flow may be nontrivial. In this short paper, we show that, nonetheless, certain classes of very weak nonequilibrium steady states, with nonzero fluid flow, remain globally asymptotically stable.
AI-based generative image production systems in the artistic problematisation of the past: the thematisation of memory and temporality in "AI art"
Authors: Martín Prada Juan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This text analyses how generative AI systems are being employed in current artistic practice to question certain historical visual narratives, creating representations that challenge some conventional perceptions of the past and thus opening up new perspectives on the experience of temporality. In this regard, special emphasis will be placed on some artistic projects based on generative historical photography practices. These are works that develop new ways around ‘archival aesthetics’ (Sekula in October 39:3–64 1986; Buchloh in Deep storage. collecting, storing and archiving in art [Exhibition catalog]. P.S.1, Nueva York, 1999; Guasch in Arte y archivo, 1920-2010. Genealogías, tipologías y discontinuidades. Akal, Madrid, 2015, etc.) by producing visual archives that do not exist or are alternatives to others. We will therefore analyse works that critically examine how these generative systems can contribute to a revision and re-evaluation of the past, as well as to the problematisation of the ways in which photography has been used for the historical record. These poetics invite subtle reflections on the role of the visual archive in the processes of shaping subjectivity and personal and communal identity. In the final part of the text, we will deal with the study of some artists who, through appropriationist strategies and remakes assisted by generative AI models, revise artistic works from the past, specifically from the photoconceptualism of the 1970s. In these strategies, the thematisation of the relations between photographic register and temporality also plays a leading role.
Unmet clinical needs in women with polycystic ovary syndrome regarding fertility and obesity: a cross-sectional study from the patient’s perspective
Authors: Bachmann Annette , Weidlinger Susanna , von Wolff Michael , Bitterlich Norman , Karn Thomas , Estermann Julia , Sourouni Marina , Stute Petra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, often leading to anovulatory infertility. Obesity exacerbates the reproductive, metabolic and psychological features of PCOS, making fertility treatment and patient satisfaction difficult. Despite guidelines from the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) emphasizing lifestyle modifications and specific treatments, there remains a significant gap in adherence to these guidelines by both healthcare providers and patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from 1 January to 14 March 2021 among PCOS patients in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. A non-standardized, non-validated questionnaire covering several aspects of reproductive health was distributed via online channels. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, Student’s t-tests and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results
Out of 2029 participants, 1902 completed the fertility questionnaire. Of these, 73.9% perceived their fertility to be impaired, with this perception being higher in obese women (80.8% vs. 67.4%, p < 0.001). The analysis focused on 564 childless women with a current desire to have children, 67.0% of whom met WHO criteria for infertility. Obese women (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) reported lower satisfaction with fertility treatment (40.9 vs. 47.8, p = 0.009) and were less likely to receive fertility treatment (56.7% vs. 75.8%, p < 0.001). Despite recommendations, only 34.1% reported lifestyle changes as part of their treatment. Letrozole, the recommended first-line treatment, was underused (14.6%) and clomiphene citrate was more commonly prescribed (35.4%). Obese women reported fewer current pregnancies (4% vs. 13.9%, p < 0.001) and were more likely to be infertile for more than one year (77.0% vs. 53.0%, p < 0.001). They also expressed a greater desire for possibilities to ask more questions about PCOS and fertility and to undergo more infertility tests. (56.1% vs. 45.3%, p = 0.013; 69.4% vs. 59.8%, p = 0.020).

Conclusions
Fertility management in PCOS patients, especially in obese patients, shows significant gaps in adherence to recommended guidelines, highlighting the need for improved patient education, professional training and individualized treatment strategies. Improved health care is essential to address reproductive concerns and improve outcomes in this population.
Diaphragmatic stripping versus full-thickness diaphragmatic resection in cytoreductive surgery: a meta-analysis of the current evidence
Authors: Stylianidi Maria Chara , Vaghiri Sascha , Pandkhahi Alireza , Kazziha Sultan , Al Akeel Ward , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , Prassas Dimitrios 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The primary objective was to compare the intra- and postoperative outcomes of diaphragmatic stripping versus full-thickness diaphragmatic resection in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis who underwent cytoreductive surgery.

Methods
According to the PRSIMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted for studies comparing postoperative pulmonary complications as well as intra- and postoperative outcomes of diaphragmatic stripping versus full-thickness diaphragmatic resection in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis necessitating cytoreductive surgery. Data from eligible studies were extracted, qualitatively assessed, and included in a meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95 per cent confidence intervals were calculated.

Results
Ten studies with 1325 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Diaphragmatic stripping was associated with lower incidence of pleural effusion (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.35–0.63, p < 0.00001) and pneumothorax (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.35–0.78, p = 0.002), less severe postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade ≥ 3) (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.30–0.63, p < 0.0001), and shorter duration of surgery (SMD -0.31, 95% CI -0.54 – -0.08, p = 0.007). No significant differences were observed in postoperative subdiaphragmatic abscess occurrence, intraoperative blood loss, hospital- and ICU-stay, and 90-day mortality.

Conclusions
Diaphragmatic stripping leads to a significantly lower rate of postoperative pulmonary and severe complications compared to diaphragmatic full-thickness resection, while oncological outcomes do not appear to be worse. Larger trials with standardized study protocols and long-term survival data are needed to validate the results presented here.
Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Pigeot Iris , Ahrens Wolfgang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The global increase of overweight and obesity in children and adults is one of the most prominent public health threats, often accompanied by insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The simultaneous occurrence of these health problems is referred to as metabolic syndrome. Various criteria have been proposed to define this syndrome, but no general consensus on the specific markers and the respective cut-offs has been achieved yet. As a consequence, it is difficult to assess regional variations and temporal trends and to obtain a comprehensive picture of the global burden of this major health threat. This limitation is most striking in childhood and adolescence, when metabolic parameters change with developmental stage. Obesity and related metabolic disorders develop early in life and then track into adulthood, i.e., the metabolic syndrome seems to originate in the early life course. Thus, it would be important to monitor the trajectories of cardio-metabolic parameters from early on. We will summarize selected key studies to provide a narrative overview of the global epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome while considering the limitations that hinder us to provide a comprehensive full picture of the problem. A particular focus will be given to the situation in children and adolescents and the risk factors impacting on their cardio-metabolic health. This summary will be complemented by key findings of a pan-European children cohort and first results of a large German adult cohort.
Higher-order accurate mass lumping for explicit isogeometric methods based on approximate dual basis functions
Authors: Hiemstra R. R. , Nguyen T. H. , Eisenträger S. , Dornisch W. , Schillinger D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper introduces a mathematical framework for explicit structural dynamics, employing approximate dual functionals and row-sum mass lumping. We demonstrate that the Petrov–Galerkin method developed in our previous work—utilizing row-sum mass lumping—can be interpreted as a Galerkin method with a customized higher-order accurate mass matrix. Unlike prior work, our method correctly incorporates Dirichlet boundary conditions, while preserving optimal spatial accuracy. The mathematical analysis is substantiated by spectral analysis, two-dimensional linear benchmarks illustrating robustness under mesh distortion and a three-dimensional geometrically non-linear forced vibration analysis. The obtained results reveal that our approach achieves accuracy and robustness comparable to a traditional Galerkin method employing the consistent mass formulation, while retaining the explicit nature of the lumped mass formulation.
Influence of Mineral Veins on Hydraulic Fracture Propagation
Authors: Ling Fanlin , Kong Lie , Shang Junlong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fluids are often injected into tight geothermal reservoirs to create conductive fractures and enhance reservoir productivity. Mineral veins are ubiquitous in reservoir rocks because of the hydrothermal mineralisation process. We hypothesize that vein strength anisotropy and geometrical complexity could introduce complex hydraulic fractures through vein–fracture interactions. To test this hypothesis, we develop an improved hydro-mechanical coupled scheme using the Discrete Element Method to examine hydraulic fracture propagation in veined rocks. The coupled scheme considers incremental updates of domain volume and fluid saturation. We follow topology in root architecture to develop a benchmark model with simplified yet representative vein networks. We find that vein strength significantly influences the fracture pattern of the tested veined models during hydraulic fracturing. Cracks are preferentially reactivated in the calcite (soft) veins, leading to much more complex fracture networks compared with those created in quartz (hard) veins. An increase in stress anisotropy (high-stress contrast) leads to a reduction of the maximum aperture of dominant fractures. Under a high-stress contrast, fluid lag is not evident; the number of reactivated cracks in soft-veined models is also reduced. It is interesting to note that the bifurcation angle of veins has negligible influence on fracture patterns and propagation in the model. We also find that high-stress contrast leads to a higher level of the maximum moment magnitude and a lower b value. This research could provide some insights into reservoir stimulation to enhance production and mitigate seismic hazards.
3-Dimensional topographic enamel surface changes after different debonding techniques for aligner attachments: a micro-CT study
Authors: Turkoglu Hilal , Atik Ezgi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
To evaluate topographic changes of enamel surface in 3-dimensional after different debonding methods of aligner attachments formed with 2 different composite resins.

Methods
Vertical rectangular attachments were created on 88 premolar teeth and divided into two composite resin groups (Group 1:flowable, Group 2:packable) (N = 44). These were then divided into two subgroups (N = 22) using different debonding methods. In Group A, the attachments were firstly removed using an attachment debonding plier and then with white fiberglass. Following, the tooth surfaces were polished with blue fiberglass. In Group B, the excess attachment composite was removed with a 12-blade carbide bur, followed by a 24-blade carbide bur, and tooth surfaces were polished with Renew stone. The remaining composite volume was measured using Geomagic Control X software. Enamel surface roughness and morphological change were compared between the groups.

Results
Residual composite resin volume did not show a statistically significant difference between composite resin groups (1–2 A). The enamel demineralization volume and area changes in Group 2 A were significantly higher than observed in 2B (p < 0.05). Roughness parameters Ra (T1-T0), Ra (T2-T0), Rq (T1-T0), and Sa (T1-T0) were significantly higher in Group 1B compared to Group 1 A (p < 0.05). Similarly, Ra (T1-T0), Sa (T1-T0), and Sq (T1-T0) parameters were significantly higher in Group 2B compared to Group 2 A (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Fiberglass with a debonding plier produced a smoother enamel surface compared to carbide burs, but caused significantly more enamel demineralization, as seen in micro-CT evaluations after polishing.