bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Segment‐specific but pathologic laminin isoform profiles in human labial salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Laine Mikael , Virtanen Ismo , Salo Tuula , Konttinen Yrjö T. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the laminins in basement membrane of the labial salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and healthy controls.MethodsLabeling of laminin α1–α5, β1, β2, γ1, and γ2 chains was performed using immunohistochemistry with chain‐specific monoclonal antibodies and pattern recognition analysis of the labeled specimens.ResultsLaminin α1, α2, and α4 chains were detected exclusively in the acinar basement membranes, whereas laminin α3, α5, β1, γ1, and γ2 chains were also detected in ductal basement membranes. Laminin β2 chain was not found. In patients with SS, laminin α1 and α2 chains were weakly labeled, but laminin α4 labeling was also intense in areas not infiltrated by lymphocytes. Pattern recognition analysis suggested that laminin α1, α2, and α4 chains were associated with acinar cells, myoepithelial cells, and tissue damage/repair, respectively.ConclusionAll salivary gland basement membranes signal through laminin 5, laminin 6, and laminin 10 trimers, but acinar basement membranes also signal through laminin 1, laminin 2, and laminin 8 trimers. Laminin α1 chain/laminin 1 may play a central role in the maintenance of acinar cells in healthy glands. This possibility was supported by the finding of variable expression of laminin α1 chain/laminin 1 in acinar basement membrane and its weak expression in SS with acinar cell atrophy. The impairment of myoepithelial laminin α2 chain/laminin 2 in patients with SS indicates a double defect in the acinar compartment and pathologic extracellular matrix–to‐cell signaling, which may contribute to structural deterioration and functional abnormality of the exocrine glands.
Coordinate overexpression of interferon‐α–induced genes in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kirou Kyriakos A. , Lee Christina , George Sandhya , Louca Kyriakos , Papagiannis Ioannis G. , Peterson Margaret G. E. , Ly Ngoc , Woodward Robert N. , Fry Kirk E. , Lau Anna Yin‐Har , Prentice James G. , Wohlgemuth Jay G. , Crow Mary K. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo study the contribution of interferon‐α (IFNα) and IFNγ to the IFN gene expression signature that has been observed in microarray screens of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis of healthy control PBMCs was used to determine the relative induction of a panel of IFN‐inducible genes (IFIGs) by IFNα and IFNγ. PBMCs from 77 SLE patients were compared with those from 22 disease controls and 28 healthy donors for expression of IFIGs.ResultsExpression of IFNα‐inducible genes was significantly higher in SLE PBMCs than in those from disease controls or healthy donors. The level of expression of all IFIGs in PBMCs from SLE patients with IFNα pathway activation correlated highly with the inherent responsiveness of those genes to IFNα, suggesting coordinate activation of that cytokine pathway. Expression of genes preferentially induced by IFNγ was not significantly increased in SLE PBMCs compared with control PBMCs. IFNα‐regulated gene‐inducing activity was detected in some SLE plasma samples.ConclusionThe coordinate activation of IFNα‐induced genes is a characteristic of PBMCs from many SLE patients, supporting the hypothesis that IFNα is the predominant stimulus for IFIG expression in lupus.
Silver Ring Splints improve dexterity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Zijlstra Theo R. , Heijnsdijk‐Rouwenhorst Linda , Rasker Johannes J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo study the effect of Silver Ring Splints (SRSs) on hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsRA patients with stable disease and finger deformities eligible for splinting received 1 or more SRSs. Primary outcome was dexterity, which was measured with the Sequential Occupational Dexterity Assessment (SODA). Secondary outcome measures were self‐reported hand function (Dutch Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2), hand pain, grip and pinch strength, Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28), and patient satisfaction.ResultsSeventeen patients (median age 65 years; median disease duration 21 years) received a total of 72 SRSs. After 1 year, 48 SRSs were regularly used. Two patients dropped out because of adverse events related to SRSs. In the remaining 15 patients, SODA dexterity scores increased significantly (median 71 at baseline, 81 at 3 months, and 85 at 12 months), Wilcoxon signed ranks test P = 0.005 and P = 0.026. DAS28 scores did not change at 3 months and improved slightly after 12 months (–0.5; P = 0.019). Grip strength, self‐reported hand function, and hand pain showed no significant changes. Eleven patients stated they would continue using their splints.ConclusionSRSs can improve dexterity in selected patients with rheumatoid hand deformities. For a satisfactory result, careful patient preassessment and optimal adjustment of SRSs are essential.
Reports of joint instability in knee osteoarthritis: Its prevalence and relationship to physical function
Authors: Fitzgerald G. Kelley , Piva Sara R. , Irrgang James J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo report the prevalence and relationship of self‐reported knee instability to physical function in a sample of subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA), and to discuss the implications of these observations for rehabilitation.MethodsSubjects were 105 individuals (80 females) with knee OA who rated their knee instability severity on a 6‐point numeric scale in response to the query “To what degree does giving way, buckling, or shifting of the knee affect your level of daily activity?” A principal component analysis was used to combine The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities pain, stiffness, and physical function subscale scores, and the Timed Get Up and Go Test score into a principal component score for physical function (PCPF). Other variables that could affect the PCPF such as age, sex, years with knee OA, radiographic severity of knee OA, knee pain, knee motion, and quadriceps strength were also recorded. The prevalence of self‐reported knee instability was determined by calculating the proportion of subjects who reported each severity level of knee instability. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to determine if the level of self‐reported knee instability could predict the PCPF, even after accounting for the effects of the other variables.ResultsSixty‐three percent of the subjects reported knee instability during activities of daily living, and 44% reported that instability affects their ability to function. The severity of self‐reported knee instability was associated with the PCPF (eta2 = 0.40, P < 0.001), and after controlling for all other independent variables, significantly increased the prediction of the PCPF (r2 = 0.56, r2 change = 0.05; P < 0.001).ConclusionThe results indicate that a substantial proportion of individuals with knee OA report episodes of knee instability during activities of daily living, and instability affects physical function beyond that which can be explained by contributions from other impairments such as knee pain, range of motion, and quadriceps strength. Knee instability is a problem that should be specifically addressed in rehabilitation programs and may require interventions beyond those that address pain, joint motion, and muscular strength, to maximize the effectiveness of rehabilitation for individuals with knee OA.
Six‐month and one‐year followup of 23 weeks of aerobic exercise for individuals with fibromyalgia
Authors: Gowans S. E. , deHueck A. , Voss S. , Silaj A. , Abbey S. E. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo measure mood and physical function of individuals with fibromyalgia, 6 and 12 months following 23 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise.MethodsThis is a followup report of individuals who were previously enrolled in 23 weeks of land‐based and water‐based aerobic exercise classes. Outcomes included the 6‐minute walk test, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Scale (ASES), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), tender point count, patient global assessment score, and exercise compliance. Outcomes were measured at the start and end of the exercise classes and 6 and 12 months later.ResultsAnalyses were conducted on 29 (intent‐to‐treat) or 18 (efficacy) subjects. Six‐minute walk distances and BDI total scores were improved at followup (all analyses). BDI cognitive/affective scores were improved at the end of 23 weeks of exercise (both analyses) and at the 12‐month followup (efficacy analysis only). BDI somatic scores were improved at 6‐month (both analyses) and 12‐month followup (intent‐to‐treat only). FIQ and ASES function were improved at all followup points. ASES pain was improved in efficacy analyses only (all followup points). Tender points were unchanged after 23 weeks of exercise and at followup. Exercise duration at followup (total minutes of aerobic plus anaerobic exercise in the preceding week) was related to gains in physical function (6‐ and 12‐month followup) and mood (6‐month followup).ConclusionExercise can improve physical function, mood, symptom severity, and aspects of self efficacy for at least 12 months. Exercising at followup was related to improvements in physical function and perhaps mood.
Physical self perceptions of women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: MacSween Alasdair , Brydson Gillian , Fox Kenneth R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the reliability and validity of the Physical Self‐Perception Profile (PSPP) and the Perceived Importance Profile (PIP) and to assess relationships between these scales and disease, function, and negative affect in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.MethodsFifty‐two women (mean ± SD age 48.4 ± 10.4 years) completed the PSPP, PIP, and other measurements: the core measures of European League Against Rheumatism; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; distance walked; and peak and extrapolated maximal oxygen consumption during a 10‐meter shuttle walk test.ResultsPSPP subscales showed high internal consistency (Chronbach's alpha 0.73–0.81) and factor structure and strong relationships with physical self‐worth (PSW; r = 0.40–0.63). Multiple regression analysis showed that all subscales (except sport) significantly contributed to PSW variance (R2 = 59.1%). Very low PSPP scores, particularly for strength and sport competence, and PIP scores were observed in RA patients (significantly lower than US college‐aged and obese women), which were reflected in low PSW scores. Aspects of PSPP were related to depression and swollen joint count but not functional fitness. Discrepancy scores were associated with lower PSW scores (r = 0.48), substantiating that subjects were unable to meet their perceptual needs concerning their physical selves.ConclusionThe PSPP and PIP are both reliable and valid and are sensitive to significant constructs in the mental health of women with RA. The PSPP appears to measure distinct mental properties not represented in other common RA measures; hence it may be useful in measuring an important aspect of RA patients' psychology.
Association of peripheral multifocal choroiditis with sarcoidosis: A study of thirty‐seven patients
Authors: Abad S. , Meyssonier V. , Allali J. , Gouya H. , Giraudet A. L. , Monnet D. , Parc C. , Tenenbaum f. , Alberini J. L. , Grabar S. , Pesce F. , Rollot F. , Sicard D. , Dhote R. , Blanche P. , Brézin A. P. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the clinical spectrum of peripheral multifocal choroiditis (PMC) and its association with sarcoidosis.MethodsThirty‐seven patients examined between November 1997 and November 2001 who met all diagnostic criteria for PMC were included in this retrospective study. Patients were assessed for the following signs of sarcoidosis: typical changes on chest radiography or computed tomography; predominantly CD4 lymphocytosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; elevated serum angiotensin‐converting enzyme levels; elevated gallium uptake; and noncaseating granuloma on biopsy.ResultsMost of the patients were female (30 of 37; 81%) and white (30 of 37; 81%). Mean ± SD age at onset was 57.5 ± 18.7 years. Seven (19%) of the 37 patients had biopsy‐proven sarcoidosis and 18 patients (49%) with presumed sarcoidosis met at least 2 of the above‐mentioned criteria for sarcoidosis but had normal biopsy results. Twelve patients (32%) had an indeterminate diagnosis. Patients with presumed sarcoidosis did not differ from those with proven sarcoidosis as regards the above‐mentioned criteria, except for noncaseating granuloma, implying that more than two‐thirds of patients (predominantly whites) had underlying sarcoidosis. Most patients with positive gallium scintigraphy had increased mediastinal uptake, as described in sarcoidosis. Patients with underlying sarcoidosis had more severe visual impairment due to cystoid macular edema (CME). Weekly methotrexate (0.3 mg/kg) seemed to control CME.ConclusionWhite patients with PMC should be considered to have sarcoidosis. The identification of sarcoidosis in patients with severe ocular disease can help with therapeutic choices.
Mental health status and leisure‐time physical activity contribute to fatigue intensity in patients with spondylarthropathy
Authors: Da Costa Deborah , Dritsa Maria , Ring Angela , Fitzcharles Mary‐Ann 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between disease‐related variables, leisure‐time physical activity (LTPA), and mental health status with fatigue severity in patients with spondylarthropathy (SpA).MethodsSixty‐six SpA patients completed questionnaires assessing disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI]), functional ability (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index), and health‐related quality of life (Short Form 36). LTPA patterns, demographics, and disease‐related data were obtained by interview. A clinical examination determined tender point count. Fatigue was assessed with the BASDAI fatigue item.ResultsThe mean BASDAI fatigue score was 5.5 (SD = 2.7) with 59% of the sample obtaining a score ≥5. Disease activity, functional disability, and worse mental health contributed to greater fatigue (R2 = 0.56). The relationship between exercise duration and fatigue intensity was moderated by mental health status. For patients with poorer mental health scores, exercise did not influence fatigue severity. However, for patients reporting better mental health status, engaging in more LTPA decreased fatigue severity.ConclusionIn addition to increased disease activity and functional disability, greater fatigue severity in SpA is associated with poorer mental health status. Integrating regular leisure physical activity into the comprehensive treatment of SpA may be useful for modulating fatigue.
Modeling the 5‐year cost effectiveness of treatment strategies including tumor necrosis factor‐blocking agents and leflunomide for treating rheumatoid arthritis in the Netherlands
Authors: Welsing Paco M. J. , Severens Johan L. , Hartman Margriet , van Riel Piet L. C. M. , Laan Roland F. J. M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the cost effectiveness of treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis patients satisfying the indication for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐blocking treatment.MethodsA Markov model study was performed. The following treatment strategies were considered: 1) usual treatment; 2) treatment with leflunomide, in the case of nonresponse after 3 months, switch to usual treatment; 3) TNF‐blocking treatment, in the case of nonresponse after 3 months, switch to usual treatment; 4) treatment with leflunomide, in the case of nonresponse, switch to TNF‐blocking treatment, in the case of nonresponse to TNF‐blocking treatment, switch to usual treatment; 5) TNF‐blocking treatment, in the case of nonresponse, switch to leflunomide treatment, in the case of nonresponse to leflunomide, switch to usual treatment. Expected patient‐years in the different Markov states, costs, and quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) were compared between the treatment strategies; incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated.ResultsOver the 5‐year period, the expected effect on disease activity and QALYs was better for treatment strategies that included TNF‐blocking treatment than for the other treatment strategies. The greater effectiveness of these treatment strategies reduced medical and nonmedical costs compared with usual treatment by about 16% and 33%, respectively, omitting the costs of medication. When the costs of medication were included, the costs of strategies that started with TNF‐blocking treatment were higher than those of the other treatment strategies. Treatment strategy 4 had the most favorable ICER of the treatment strategies that included TNF‐blocking treatment: €163,556/QALY compared with usual treatment.ConclusionAmong strategies that include TNF‐blocking agents, one starting with leflunomide and, in the case of nonresponse, switching to TNF‐blocking treatment probably results in the most favorable ratio between incremental costs and effects.
The novel antifungal agent PLD‐118 is neither metabolized by liver microsomes nor inhibits cytochrome P450 in vitro
Authors: Parnham M.J. , Bogaards J.J.P. , Schrander F. , Schut M.W. , Orešković K. , Mildner B. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractPLD‐118 is a novel, oral antifungal drug, under development for the treatment of Candida infections. Possible metabolism of PLD‐118 by rat, dog and human S9 liver homogenates and inhibition of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes were investigated. PLD‐118 (10 and 100 µM) incubated for 0–60 min with S9 fractions and NADPH was determined by HPLC, using the Waters AccQ.Tag method after derivatization of amino acids to stable, fluorescent derivatives. CYP assays were performed using pooled human liver microsomes with substrates, selective towards human CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A, incubated at concentrations around the Km. Incubation mixtures were preincubated with PLD‐118 (0.1–100 µM) or control inhibitor for 5 min. No metabolism of PLD‐118 was detected with rat and dog S9 fractions. A small (8%) decrease in PLD‐118 at 100 µM (not detected at 10 µM) with human microsomes was considered to be biologically irrelevant. PLD‐118 did not inhibit any of the tested CYPs. PLD‐118, at concentrations up to 100 µM, is not metabolized by rat, dog or human liver S9 homogenates and does not inhibit human CYPs in vitro, suggesting little likelihood for interaction of PLD‐118 with drugs metabolized by these enzymes. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Serum levels of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and in laryngeal leukoplakia
Authors: Almadori Giovanni , Bussu Francesco , Galli Jacopo , Cadoni Gabriella , Zappacosta Bruno , Persichilli Silvia , Minucci Angelo , Giardina Bruno , Maurizi Maurizio 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe authors evaluated serum levels of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and in patients with laryngeal leukoplakia, a well known preneoplastic lesion.METHODSOne hundred forty‐four consecutive, untreated patients with HNSCC and 40 consecutive, untreated patients with laryngeal leukoplakia were enrolled in the Department of Otolaryngology at the authors' institution. Data from those patients were compared with data from one control group, which included 90 smokers, and from another control group, which included 120 nonsmokers. Serum levels of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 were measured by an automated immunoassay method based on fluorescence polarization immunoassay technology.RESULTSComparing groups by Student–Newman–Keuls test, serum folate levels were significantly lower in patients with HNSCC and in patients with laryngeal leukoplakia compared with serum folate levels in both the smoker control group and the nonsmoker control group. Serum homocysteine levels in patients with HNSCC were significantly higher compared with homocysteine levels both in the smoker and nonsmoker control groups and in patients with laryngeal leukoplakia. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in serum vitamin B12 levels.CONCLUSIONSA role for folate deficiency as a risk factor in head and neck carcinogenesis is plausible. A chemoprevention protocol with folate is both feasible and ethically correct and is in progress at the authors' institution. Homocysteine levels in patients with HNSCC probably are affected largely by the HNSCC phenotype. An accumulation of homocysteine may reveal a genetic defect, which, theoretically, may be a target for pharmacologic therapy, for example, with antifolic drugs. Cancer 2005. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Heterogeneity testing in meta‐analysis of genome searches
Authors: Zintzaras Elias , Ioannidis John P. A. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractGenome searches for identifying susceptibility loci for the same complex disease often give inconclusive or inconsistent results. Genome Search Meta‐analysis (GSMA) is an established non‐parametric method to identify genetic regions that rank high on average in terms of linkage statistics (e.g., lod scores) across studies. Meta‐analysis typically aims not only to obtain average estimates, but also to quantify heterogeneity. However, heterogeneity testing between studies included in GSMA has not been developed yet. Heterogeneity may be produced by differences in study designs, study populations, and chance, and the extent of heterogeneity might influence the conclusions of a meta‐analysis. Here, we propose and explore metrics that indicate the extent of heterogeneity for specific loci in GSMA based on Monte Carlo permutation tests. We have also developed software that performs both the GSMA and the heterogeneity testing. To illustrate the concept, the proposed methodology was applied to published data from meta‐analyses of rheumatoid arthritis (4 scans) and schizophrenia (20 scans). In the first meta‐analysis, we identified 11 bins with statistically low heterogeneity and 8 with statistically high heterogeneity. The respective numbers were 9 and 6 for the schizophrenia meta‐analysis. For rheumatoid arthritis, bins 6.2 (the HLA region that is a well‐documented susceptibility locus for the disease) and 16.3 (16q12.2‐q23.1) had both high average ranks and low between‐study heterogeneity. For schizophrenia, this was seen for bin 3.2 (3p25.3‐p22.1) and heterogeneity was still significantly low after adjusting for its high average rank. Concordance was high between the proposed metrics and between weighted and unweighted analyses. Data from genome searches should be synthesized and interpreted considering both average ranks and heterogeneity between studies. Genet. Epidemiol. 28:123–137, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.