bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trait mindfulness in early pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Fain Audra C. , Cersonsky Tess E. K. , Bublitz Margaret H. , Lewkowitz Adam K. , Werner Erika F. , Miller Emily S. , Ayala Nina K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Mindfulness centered therapy has been shown to improve perinatal mental health outcomes. There is emerging evidence that mindfulness training (MT) can also be harnessed to improve somatic outcomes. Yet, little is known about which perinatal populations might benefit the most from mindfulness training interventions. We aimed to evaluate the association between trait mindfulness and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods
This is a planned secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of nulliparous participants recruited between May 2019 and February 2022 from a single, high volume tertiary care center. Participants completed the validated Mindfulness and Attentive Awareness Scale prior to 20 weeks gestation. Trained research staff abstracted pregnancy and delivery data. The primary outcome was unplanned cesarean delivery (CD). Secondary outcomes included gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and a neonatal morbidity composite. We examined outcomes by mindfulness quartile (Q), adjusting for covariates determined a priori.

Results
Of the 281 participants with full outcome data, 47.9% experienced one or more of the adverse perinatal outcomes and the median trait mindfulness score was 4.6 (IQR 3.9–5.3). After adjusting for potential confounders, there were significantly lower rates of CD rates in those in Q2 and Q3 compared to Q4 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] Q2 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20 – 0.87, Q3 aOR 0.23, 95% CI 0.10–0.51). There were no differences in rates of gestational diabetes, hypertension or composite neonatal outcomes by trait mindfulness quartile.

Conclusions
In this prospective cohort of nulliparous people, those with trait mindfulness in the 2nd and 3rd quartiles had lower rates of CD. Given prior literature suggesting active MT decreases adverse outcomes, there may be a component of the active practice of mindfulness, rather than trait mindfulness levels, associated with improved outcomes.
Effects of physical activity on depressive and anxiety symptoms of women in the menopausal transition and menopause: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yue Hongyu , Yang Yijiao , Xie Fangfang , Cui Jiahe , Li Yang , Si Mengran , Li Shanshan , Yao Fei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Depression and anxiety may significantly affect women in the menopausal transition and menopause. In addition to traditional treatment strategies such as hormone therapy, antidepressants, and psychotherapy, physical activity (PA) have been increasingly studied, but there is no consensus about their role in menopausal women with depression and anxiety.

Objective
The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of PA on the severity of depressive (DS) and anxiety (AS) symptoms in women during the menopausal transition and menopause.

Methods
We searched for relevant published studies in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL prior to 8 April 2024, focusing on randomized controlled trials documenting the effect of physical activity on DS and AS, and assessed study quality using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.

Results
The data used for meta-analysis were derived from 21 studies (DS, n = 9; AS, n = 1; DS and AS combined, n = 11) involving 2020 participants. The results showed that PA groups demonstrated a statistically significant effect of depressive symptoms versus controls (DS [SMD: -0.66, 95% CI: -0.99 to -0.33; P < 0.001]; AS [SMD: -0.55, 95% CI: -0.82 to -0.27; P < 0.001]). As subgroup analyses demonstrated, physical exercise also reduced depressive symptom of women in menopausal status (SMD =-0.56, 95% CI: −0.96 to − 0.17, p = 0.006, I2 = 69%), postmenopausal status (SMD =-0.94, 95% CI: −1.46 to − 0.42, p = 0.0004, I2 = 94%), and both in menopausal transition and postmenopausal status (SMD =-0.30, 95% CI: −0.49 to − 0.12, p = 0.001, I2 = 0%), while it only reduced anxiety symptom of postmenopausal women (SMD =-0.96, 95% CI: −1.49 to − 0.43, p = 0.0004, I2 = 89%). Low-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise both produced increasingly benefits over depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, there is no statistically significant effect of exercise intensity on both depressive symptom and anxiety symptom.

Conclusion
Physical activities with low to moderate intensity can impart remarkable improvements for managing menopausal women with depression and anxiety.
High clinical burden of classical homocystinuria in the United States: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Jain Mahim , Shah Mehul , Thakker Kamlesh M. , Rava Andrew , Pelts Block Agnes , Ndiba-Markey Colette , Pinto Lionel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Classical homocystinuria (HCU) is a rare genetic metabolic disorder resulting in elevated homocysteine and methionine levels. The clinical characteristics and associated complications of HCU are well documented. However, there is limited published research on the clinical burden of patients with HCU, especially stratified by total homocysteine (tHcy) levels. This study aimed to describe the overall clinical burden of patients with HCU in the United States and key clinical events by tHcy levels using administrative claims data.

Methods
This non-interventional retrospective cohort analysis from January 01, 2016, through September 30, 2021, used Optum’s de-identified Market Clarity Data. Patients who had 1 or more International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code for homocystinuria (E72.11) or the signs, disease, and symptoms term homocystinuria in the natural language processing dataset were included. To obtain a study population most likely to have HCU, stratifications by tHcy levels, clinical characteristics, and phenotypic expressions were applied to refine the cohort. Included patients were then stratified by highest tHcy level. Clinical burden was measured by category of HCU-related events. Descriptive statistics were reported.

Results
Six hundred thirty-three patients met the inclusion criteria, and 601 patients had a tHcy level: < 50 µM (n = 278), 50 to < 100 µM (n = 212), and ≥ 100 µM (n = 111). Among the 601 patients with a tHcy level, almost one-half (n = 297, 49.4%) had at least one thrombotic/thromboembolic, skeletal, ocular, or neurological event and 14.1% (n = 85) had multiple events. Thrombotic/thromboembolic events (n = 186, 30.9%) were the most common type of events, followed by skeletal (n = 100, 16.6%), ocular (n = 63, 10.5%), and neurological events (n = 50, 8.3%). During follow-up, 5.7% (n = 34) of the patients died. All events assessed were more prevalent in the 50 to < 100 µM group and ≥ 100 µM group compared with those in the < 50 µM group.

Conclusions
As has been believed, patients with tHcy ≥ 100 µM carried a substantial clinical burden, but the burden is also very high in those whose levels were ≥ 50 µM. Thrombotic/thromboembolic events were more common than skeletal, ocular, or neurological events. Meaningfully lowered tHcy levels may help to reduce significant clinical events.
Combined biochemical profiling and DNA sequencing in the expanded newborn screening for inherited metabolic diseases: the experience in an Italian reference center
Authors: Fecarotta Simona , Vaccaro Lorenzo , Verde Alessandra , Alagia Marianna , Rossi Alessandro , Colantuono Chiara , Cacciapuoti Maria Teresa , Annunziata Patrizia , Riccardo Sara , Grimaldi Antonio , Fusco Tonya , De Santis Rosa , Barretta Fernando , Albano Lucia , Crisci Daniela , Vallone Fabiana , Tarallo Antonietta , Cesana Marcella , Brunetti-Pierri Nicola , Frisso Giulia , Ruoppolo Margherita , Cacchiarelli Davide , Parenti Giancarlo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Newborn screening (NBS) programs have significantly improved the health and outcomes of patients with inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs). Methods based on liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis are viewed worldwide as the gold standard procedure for the expanded NBS programs for these disorders. Advanced molecular technologies point to genomic sequencing as an alternative and feasible strategy for the screening of genetic diseases, including IMDs. However, each of the two approaches has potential limitations when used as a first-tier analysis. In this study, we tested a workflow-based parallel biochemical and sequencing analyses to determine whether this approach could improve the diagnostic outcome.

Results
For each patient identified by LC–MS/MS as positive, we performed both the biochemical confirmatory tests and next-generation sequencing (NGS) procedures from the same Dried Blood Spot (DBS). NGS analysis was based on applying Exome Sequencing libraries, limiting the analysis to 105 actionable genes involved in IMDs. This allows overtaking the actual limitations of NBS on DBS, enhancing our capacity to identify variants that can drive a genetic disease. Through this approach, we could reach 100% of cases solved, with 37.9% of cases (41/108) for which the combination of the biochemical and NGS analysis was indispensable for a correct diagnosis. In total, we could identify 17 affected, 34 false positives, 12 individuals referred to us for maternal conditions. In 45 newborns the molecular analysis showed heterozygosity for mutations in one or more of the genes analyzed, with results compatible with the biochemical profile indicative of NBS positivity.

Conclusions
In this study, we validated the performance of the proposed workflow. The advantage of this approach is limiting molecular analysis only to positive newborns and using a restricted panel of 105 genes relevant for the expanded NBS, with a 100% rate of diagnosis and potential reduction of the costs related to NBS procedures and reduced impact on patients and families.
Salivary gland stem/progenitor cells: advancing from basic science to clinical applications
Authors: Langthasa Jimpi , Guan Li , Jinagal Shyam Lal , Le Quynh-Thu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Salivary gland stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) hold significant potential for regenerative medicine, especially for patients suffering from salivary gland dysfunction due to various causes such as radiation therapy, Sjögren’s syndrome, and aging. This review provides a comprehensive overview of SSPCs, including their characteristics, isolation, culture techniques, differentiation pathways, and their role in tissue regeneration. Additionally, we highlight recent advances in cell- and tissue-based therapies, such as SSPC transplantation and bioengineered organ replacements. The challenges in translating SSPC research into effective clinical therapies are also discussed, alongside proposed solutions and future research directions.
Modeling precaution, immunity loss and dispersal on disease dynamics: a two-patch SIRS model
Authors: Sun Guowei , Mai Ali , Jin Zhen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
An SIRS model is developed to account for precautionary measures and immunity loss. The existence and stability of equilibria are studied. It is shown that precautionary measures can induce Hopf bifurcations leading to the occurrence of cyclical behavior. The model is then extended to a two-patch scenario to explore how disease spread patterns are influenced by dispersal (travel). Theoretical analyses establish the stability of the disease-free equilibrium, the basic reproduction number, and thresholds related to travel rates. The persistence of the system, as well as the existence of boundary and endemic equilibria, are also discussed. Using Hopf bifurcation theory, we further examine the interaction between nonlinear incidence functions, travel rates, and precaution delay effects in shaping the stability of the endemic equilibrium. The findings reveal a strong connection between reduced infection rates due to precaution and the emergence of Hopf bifurcations, emphasizing the importance of timely and accurate disease information in curbing the spread of diseases. Additionally, the study highlights the significant impact of different infection force functions on equilibrium stability, underscoring the critical role of precautionary measures in disease transmission mechanisms. The results also show the diverse effects of travel rates on disease spread, suggesting that restricting travel may not always lead to favorable outcomes. This underscores the necessity for governments to consider multiple factors comprehensively in their efforts to prevent and control diseases.
Structural basis of FpGalNase and its combination with FpGalNAcDeAc for efficient A-to-O blood group conversion
Authors: Zhou Meiling , Luo Kaishan , Su Chao , Sun Yan , Huang Zuyan , Ma Shuo , Gao Xun , Wang Jiwei , Zhang Chen , Han Pengcheng , Wu Guoqiu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Transfusion safety and blood typing continue to present significant challenges in clinical practice, including risks of incorrect blood transfusions and blood shortages. One promising solution is the enzymatic conversion of all red blood cell (RBC) types into universal O-type RBCs. However, the major obstacle to this strategy is the relatively low catalytic efficiency of the enzymes involved. In this study, we investigated two enzymes from Flavonifractor plautii, N-acetylgalactosamine deacetylase (FpGalNAcDeAc) and galactosaminidase (FpGalNase), which demonstrate synergistic activity in efficiently converting A-type RBCs to O-type. We optimized treatment conditions, achieving over 99% conversion in just five minutes using phosphate buffer saline and a 16 nM enzyme concentration. Additionally, we engineered two fusion proteins, FpGalNAcDeAc-FpGalNase and FpGalNase-FpGalNAcDeAc, which showed a 28-fold increase in catalytic efficiency compared to the enzyme mixture. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we resolved the full-length structure of FpGalNase, identifying critical active site residues involved in its catalytic mechanism. This study provides essential structural and biochemical insights for clinical applications in blood group conversion, offering a promising approach for producing universal O-type RBCs.
Learning from the community: iterative co-production of a programme to support the development of attention, regulation and thinking skills in toddlers at elevated likelihood of autism or ADHD
Authors: Hendry Alexandra , Hulks Victoria , Murphy Shona , Radford Holly , Smith Sally , Charman Tony , Mathers Sandra , Rhodes Sinead , Scerif Gaia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Programmes designed to support children with known, or increased likelihood of, autism or ADHD often focus on reducing behaviours central to a clinical diagnosis. However, supporting children to pursue their own goals and cope with everyday life through fostering executive function (EF) development, without enforcing neuro-normative assumptions, may be more acceptable to neurodivergent people, and more beneficial. The co-production process for this neurodiversity-affirming programme involved: Review of research priorities identified during published public-and-clinician consultations; iterative programme development through two pilot rounds with a general community sample; and consultation with stakeholders (parents with a connection to autism or ADHD, alongside early years specialists, psychologists and therapists) to check acceptability of the proposal, and refine the logic model and materials. The logic model for the resultant programme—Supporting Toddlers with a connection to autism or ADHD to develop strong Attention, Regulation and Thinking skills (START)—involves three mechanisms of change: The child has appropriate play-based opportunities to practise EF skills; Parenting behaviours linked to strong EFs are encouraged; Parents are empowered to improve environmental-fit for their child so that EF stressors are reduced.
Assessment of flavivirus RNA stability and infectivity in various water environments
Authors: Sano Yuka , Al-Alawi Hawraa , Himeno Misao , Majima Ryuichi , Haga Kazumi , Kyaw Myo Thura , Taniguchi Satoshi , Moi Meng Ling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Flaviviruses such as dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and Yellow fever virus (YFV) are mosquito-borne RNA viruses causing major public health threats in major parts of the world. While DENV and ZIKV have been detected in urine samples, data on the presence and stability of flaviviruses in the water environment are limited.

Methods
In this study, we determined the stability and infectivity of flavivirus in different water environments by utilizing RT-qPCR and plaque assay to explore the feasibility of environmental detection and surveillance of flaviviruses.

Results
Viral RNA could be detected for up to 49-days, at 4 °C, 25 °C and 37 °C temperatures, and infectious particles could be detected for up to 7 days. While our findings showed that flaviviral RNA has higher stability and better detection rates at lower temperatures, the infectious capacity of flaviviruses was comparatively short at 7 days.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that flaviviruses retains limited infectivity in general water environments and highlight the feasibility of detection and surveillance in various epidemiologic and environmental settings.
Development of the PRECIOUS Short-Form (PRECIOUS-SF) quality of care measure for children with serious illnesses
Authors: Ang Felicia Jia Ler , Cheung Yin Bun , Gandhi Mihir , Malhotra Rahul , Ostbye Truls , Malhotra Chetna , Chow Cristelle Chu-Tian , Chong Poh Heng , Amin Zubair , Tan Teresa Shu Zhen , Finkelstein Eric 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Rising number of children with complex medical conditions necessitate regular healthcare quality evaluation to achieve optimal outcomes. To address the need for a periodic and quick assessment of quality of care in serious childhood illnesses, we developed a short version of previously validated 45-item PaRental Experience with care for Children with serIOUS illnesses (PRECIOUS) measure.

Methodology
PRECIOUS was administered by parents of children living with serious illnesses at two time-points (baseline and two weeks) in an online survey. PRECIOUS Short-Form (PRECIOUS-SF) items were derived from the full PRECIOUS measure, which comprises five scales, using an exploratory factor analysis and best subset regression. The measurement properties of PRECIOUS-SF scales were assessed using the concurrent validity using Pearson correlation (r) with the PRECIOUS scales, internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) within each scale, convergent validity with overall QoC rating, and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC) between baseline and two-week responses.

Results
PRECIOUS-SF included 10 items across four scales – (1) access to financial and medical resources (2), collaborative and goal-concordant care (3), caregiver support and respectful care and (4) reduction of caregiving stressors. A fifth and optional scale was suggested for hospitalization-specific processes. PRECIOUS-SF scales correlated strongly with corresponding PRECIOUS scales (r = 0.91 to 0.98) and demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (α = 0.77 to 0.91) and test-retest reliability (ICCs > 0.70).

Conclusions
PRECIOUS-SF demonstrated internal consistency, convergent validity, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity with PRECIOUS. PRECIOUS-SF offers a practical tool for routine quality of care assessment in pediatric serious illnesses for promoting timely service evaluation and quality improvement.
Beyond compliance: exploring the synergy of Islamic Fintech and CSR in fostering inclusive financial adoption
Authors: Alsmadi Ayman Abdalmajeed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This research examines the relationship between Islamic Fintech and corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the pursuit of extending financial use to all layers of society. It aims at understanding key influencers such as Sharia compliance, perceived financial benefits, ease of technology uses and Islamic social responsibility (ISR) in the adoption of Islamic Fintech services. The study further investigates how culture may act as a moderator to the relationship between ISR and the adoption of Islamic Fintech services.

Research methodology
Data were collected from 263 respondents in Jordan using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Smart PLS software to test the proposed hypotheses and evaluate the research model’s reliability and validity.

Results and findings
The results reveal that Sharia compliance, perceived financial benefits, technological ease of use, and ISR significantly influence the adoption of Islamic Fintech services. The study also finds that cultural resonance plays a crucial moderating role, enhancing the impact of ISR on the adoption of these services.

Originality and empirical implications
This paper adds value to the existing literature by attempting a comprehensive analysis assessment of the reasons behind the adoption of Islamic Fintech. It highlights the necessity of connecting the modern-day financial systems and the ethical tenets practiced in societies to facilitate the nonconventional market penetration strategies. Such findings also provide useful articulations for Islamic Fintech providers who intend to respond to the changing dynamics within the rolling out of technology in a religious sustainable financing.
Medieval-ish Worlds in Pop Culture
Authors: Mayrhofer Sonja 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article discusses the development and design of a ten-week first-year seminar course, which has been offered in various modalities (online synchronous as well as in person) at the University of Iowa. The course specifically focuses on teaching first-year university students with limited background information about neo- and pseudo-medieval concepts based on popular medieval story clusters (e.g., Arthurian lore, Robin Hood tales, Norse sagas), as evidenced in literature of the Middle Ages which has been (re)adapted in popular culture (visual media, literary adaptations, video games, etc.). First-year students gain access to historical and scholarly contexts surrounding the stories and discuss how the Middle Ages (and its fandom) have inspired fantasy epics rooted in medieval-ish universes (e.g., The Lord of the Rings, Game of Thrones), as well as video games and cosplaying events. Students review pop culture items, explore archival repositories, and complete a multimodal assignment based on course readings and individual research.
Creating a Modern Bestiary
Authors: Grinnell Natalie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This essay demonstrates the ways in which one assignment, the creation of a class bestiary, fulfills the course outcomes of a first-year seminar course introducing students to reading and writing in the humanities. Evolving from the critical field of monster theory, the assignment crumples the timeline between the medieval and the modern in four distinct ways: it responds to the anxieties of identity and definitions of the human by exploring questions of hybridity; it centers concerns about nature and the environment; it opens conversations about race and stereotypes through animal imagery; and it considers the role of technology and classification in shaping the future. The assignment reveals that student fears for the future, not merely of the individual, but of the human species and even the planet itself need to be addressed more deliberately in first-year courses and suggests methods for revising the course to help students articulate and respond to the anxieties of the twenty-first century, even as they look back and contemplate their connections with the past.