bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel‐Ink‐Based Direct Ink Writing of Ti6Al4V Scaffolds with Sub‐300 µm Structural Pores for Superior Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
Authors: Xu Chao , Xu Yan , Chen Hao , Han Qing , Wu Wenzheng , Zhang Lu , Liu Qingping , Wang Jincheng , Ren Luquan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTi6Al4V scaffolds with pore sizes between 300 and 600 µm are deemed suitable for bone tissue engineering. However, a significant proportion of human bone pores are smaller than 300 µm, playing a crucial role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and bone regeneration. Ti6Al4V scaffolds with these small‐sized pores are not successfully fabricated, and their cytocompatibility remains unknown. The study presents a novel ink formula specifically tailored for fabricating Ti6Al4V scaffolds featuring precise and unobstructed sub‐300 µm structural pores, achieved by investigating the rheological properties and printability of five inks containing 60–77.5 vol% Ti6Al4V powders and bisolvent binders. Ti6Al4V scaffolds with 50–600 µm pores are fabricated via direct ink writing and subjected to in vitro assays with MC3T3‐E1 and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The 100 µm pore‐sized scaffolds exhibit the highest cell adhesion and proliferation capacity based on live/dead assay, FITC‐phalloidin/4',6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole staining, and cell count kit 8 assay. The alizarin red staining, real‐time quantitative PCR assay, and immunocytochemical staining demonstrate the superior osteogenic differentiation potential of 100 and 200 µm pore‐sized scaffolds. The importance of sub‐300 µm structrual pores is highlighted, redefining the optimal pore size for Ti6Al4V scaffolds and advancing bone tissue engineering and clinical medicine development.
Spectral Engineering of Optical Microresonators in Anisotropic Lithium Niobate Crystal
Authors: Zhang Ke , Chen Yikun , Sun Wenzhao , Chen Zhaoxi , Feng Hanke , Wang Cheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOn‐chip optical microresonators are essential building blocks in integrated optics. The ability to arbitrarily engineer their resonant frequencies is crucial for exploring novel physics in synthetic frequency dimensions and practical applications like nonlinear optical parametric processes and dispersion‐engineered frequency comb generation. Photonic crystal ring (PhCR) resonators are a versatile tool for such arbitrary frequency engineering, by controllably creating mode splitting at selected resonances. To date, these PhCRs have mostly been demonstrated in isotropic photonic materials, while such engineering can be significantly more complicated in anisotropic platforms that often offer more fruitful optical properties. Here, the spectral engineering of chip‐scale optical microresonators is realized in the anisotropic lithium niobate (LN) crystal by a gradient design that precisely compensates for variations in both refractive index and perturbation strength. Controllable frequency splitting is experimentally demonstrated at single and multiple selected resonances in LN PhCR resonators with different sizes, while maintaining high quality‐factors up to 1 × 106. Moreover, a sharp boundary is experimentally constructed in the synthetic frequency dimension based on an actively modulated x‐cut LN gradient‐PhCR, opening up new paths toward the arbitrary control of electro‐optic comb spectral shapes and exploration of novel physics in the frequency degree of freedom.
Building Stable Anodes for High‐Rate Na‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Xihao , Lu Jingyu , Wu Yehui , Zheng Weiran , Zhang Hongqiang , Bai Tiansheng , Liu Hongbin , Li Deping , Ci Lijie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to low cost and high energy density, sodium metal batteries (SMBs) have attracted growing interest, with great potential to power future electric vehicles (EVs) and mobile electronics, which require rapid charge/discharge capability. However, the development of high‐rate SMBs has been impeded by the sluggish Na+ ion kinetics, particularly at the sodium metal anode (SMA). The high‐rate operation severely threatens the SMA stability, due to the unstable solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI), the Na dendrite growth, and large volume changes during Na plating‐stripping cycles, leading to rapid electrochemical performance degradations. This review surveys key challenges faced by high‐rate SMAs, and highlights representative stabilization strategies, including the general modification of SMB components (including the host, Na metal surface, electrolyte, separator, and cathode), and emerging solutions with the development of solid‐state SMBs and liquid metal anodes; the working principle, performance, and application of these strategies are elaborated, to reduce the Na nucleation energy barriers and promote Na+ ion transfer kinetics for stable high‐rate Na metal anodes. This review will inspire further efforts to stabilize SMAs and other metal (e.g., Li, K, Mg, Zn) anodes, promoting high‐rate applications of high‐energy metal batteries towards a more sustainable society.
Freeze‐Thaw Microfluidic System Produces “Themis” Nanocomplex for Cleaning Persisters‐Infected Macrophages and Enhancing Uninfected Macrophages
Authors: Su Mingyue , Yin Mengying , Zhou Yifu , Xiao Shuya , Yi Jundan , Tang Rongbing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMacrophages are the primary effectors against potential pathogen infections. They can be “parasitized” by intracellular bacteria, serving as “accomplices”, protecting intracellular bacteria and even switching them to persisters. Here, using a freeze‐thaw strategy‐based microfluidic chip, a “Themis” nanocomplex (TNC) is created. The TNC consists of Lactobacillus reuteri‐derived membrane vesicles, heme, and vancomycin, which cleaned infected macrophages and enhanced uninfected macrophages. In infected macrophages, TNC releases heme that led to the reconstruction of the respiratory chain complexes of intracellular persisters, forcing them to regrow. The revived bacteria produces virulence factors that destroyed host macrophages (accomplices), thereby being externalized and becoming vulnerable to immune responses. In uninfected macrophages, TNC upregulates the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), contributing to immunoenhancement. The combined effect of TNC of cleaning the accomplice (infected macrophages) and reinforcing uninfected macrophages provides a promising strategy for intracellular bacterial therapy.
Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO3 UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes
Authors: Qasim Muhammad , Jalal Abdul , Sulaman Muhammad , Yang Shengyi , Imran Ali , Huang Jianzhou , Rasheed Muhammad Abbas , Shah Navid Hussain , Li Chuanbo , Bukhtiar Arfan , Bin Hu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe emerging flexible device technologies have fascinated the modern optoelectronic industry owing to their invincible properties such as wearable, stretchable, smart, energy‐efficient, scalability, cost‐effective, and high performance. However, there is still room for improvements such as performance, reliability, and mass production. This research work fabricates laser‐induced graphene (LIG) interdigitated electrodes based on flexible UV photodetectors over polyimide substrate, using solution‐processed tungsten oxide (WO3) thin film as photoactive material. The best device performance is achieved through the optimization of laser power for the deposition of LIG, as well as a different solvent for WO3. The device shows excellent photoresponsivity, external quantum efficiency, and specific detectivity of 500 mA W−1, 164%, and 3.09 ×  1012 Jones, respectively. Moreover, a fast response time, such as 0.3 ms for 375 nm light, is observed. This study offers a comprehensive elucidation of the intricate process through which photoelectrons are moved toward WO3 facilitated by the electric field present at the interface of the LIG and WO3.
Confinement of Excitons within GaN 1D Nanoarchitectures Formed on AlN Molecular Steps
Authors: Funato Mitsuru , Kobayashi Hirotsugu , Kawakami Yoichi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe fabrication and the optical properties of ultrathin GaN quantum wells on AlN (0001) vicinal surfaces with macrosteps are studied. The employed growth condition spontaneously restricts the GaN thickness to one monolayer (ML) on a planar plane. However, because of a higher density of dangling bonds at macrosteps, 2 ML GaN can be stabilized only at step edges, which creates quantum‐wire‐like 1D nanostructures with a dimension of a few nanometers for the lateral confinement. Exciton (carrier) confinement within the 1D GaN nanostructure is predicted theoretically and is confirmed experimentally by strongly polarized photoluminescence with in‐plane twofold symmetry at a wavelength of ≈250 nm at room temperature. This study demonstrates one path to realize quantum confinement within a fine nanoarchitecture composed of nitride semiconductors and might provide clues to the future creation of novel low‐dimensional nanostructures for the UV–vis spectral range.
Hydroxide Modified Synthesis of Atomically‐Doped Photoluminescent WS2 Monolayers
Authors: Ouyang Yuliang , Li Wei , Zhang Changwen , Wang Xiangyi , Ma Liang , Wang Hao , Lin He , Zou Guifu , Zhu Juntong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAtomically doping in thin film poses a significant challenge due to the potential for dopant precipitation caused by self‐purification effects. This challenge is particularly pronounced in the case of doping monolayers of photoluminescent transition metal dichalcogenides, where high energy barriers are also required to break the in‐plane bonds between the transition metal (TM) and chalcogen atoms. To address this issue, this study introduces hydroxide ions to adsorb onto the surface of WS2 monolayers. This results in a significant reduction in the formation energy of the TM─S bonds, enabling them to substitute for W sites and overcoming the self‐purification effect of WS2 monolayers. The in‐plane doping of TMs including Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni atoms is confirmed through precise atomic‐scale chemical imaging using scanning transmission electron microscopy with electron energy loss spectroscopy mapping. Photoluminescence measurements reveal that the band structure of WS2 monolayers can be systematically modulated by different doping metals, owing to their distinct atomic sizes. In addition, the atomically‐doped WS2 monolayers exhibit room‐temperature ferromagnetism, which has never been seen in pristine WS2 monolayers. The modulation of the band structure and the emergence of magnetism in TMs‐doped WS2 monolayers hold significant promise for optoelectronic and magnetoelectric applications.
Phase‐Stable Multidimensional Coherent Spectroscopy Based on Dual‐Comb Interferometry
Authors: Zuo Zhong , Gu Chenglin , Wang Siyi , Xiong Shiping , Deng Zejiang , Di Yuanfeng , Luo Daping , Wu Jian , Li Wenxue 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMultidimensional coherent spectroscopy (MDCS) is a highly intriguing field for the unique capacities to unravel quantum pathways of microscopic dynamics and discern different dipole–dipole interactions. These capabilities are not simultaneously accessible through any other techniques. The foundation of MDCS lies in the stable phase and accurate time information of the multi‐pulse sequences involved. Achieving the phase stability has traditionally relied on ingenious geometric optical designs and multiple feedback control systems, albeit at the cost of complexity. In this letter, a phase stability scheme for high‐resolution MDCS is proposed by replacing traditional laser sources with two highly coherent frequency combs. By employing dual‐comb interferometry, the phase distribution across a broad spectral range and the time information of all the excitation pulses are precisely measured, even in setups that lack phase stability. In the experiment, a rephasing MDCS of rubidium atoms is obtained by applying this approach, wherein the comb resolution is utilized to differentiate the couplings of hyperfine energy levels. This scheme simplifies the structure of MDCS and holds potential for applications in other MDCS systems involving many‐body interactions and non‐absorptive resonances.
BRCC36 Deubiquitinates HMGCR to Regulate the Interplay Between Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Shu Long , Lv Cairui , Liu Na , Long Yao , Peng Xintong , Ling Huli , Tao Tania , Tang Jun , Cheng Yan , Liu Shuang , Xiao Desheng , Tao Yongguang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVarious forms of programmed cell death (PCD) exhibit distinct characteristics depending on their specific molecular mechanisms, and there are interactions among these different forms. Ferroptosis, which is related to autophagy and apoptosis, has an unknown potential interaction with pyroptosis. This study revealed a mutually antagonistic relationship between ferroptosis and pyroptosis, with 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) playing a key role in their interaction. It is found that HMGCR predominantly localized to mitochondria during ferroptosis but shifted to the endoplasmic reticulum following treatment with a pyroptosis inducer. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that BRCC36 (BRCA1/BRCA2‐containing complex subunit 36) deubiquitinated HMGCR in a manner dependent on deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) activity, and inhibited ferroptosis and promoted pyroptosis. Moreover, as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), BRCC36 promoted cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth. Thiolutin, an inhibitor of BRCC36, effectively suppressed the interaction between BRCC36 and HMGCR, leading to the inhibition of HCC growth. Therefore, targeting BRCC36 can offer a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment. In conclusion, these findings provide new theoretical evidence for further characterizing tumor heterogeneity and offer new molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Unraveling the Spatial Asynchronous Activation Mechanism of Oxygen Redox‐Involved Cathode for High‐Voltage Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Hu Naifang , Zhang Yu‐Han , Yang Yuan , Wu Hui , Liu Yuehui , Hao Congyi , Zheng Yue , Sun Deye , Li Wenru , Li Jiedong , Hu Zhiwei , Chan Ting‐Shan , Kao Cheng‐Wei , Kong Qingyu , Wang Xiaogang , Haw Shu‐Chih , Ma Jun , Cui Guanglei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLi‐rich layered oxides (LRLO) exhibit significant potential for use in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) owing to their high capacities and wide range of operating voltages. However, the practical application of LRLO in ASSLBs is hindered by the severe failure of carrier transport at the solid–solid interface, which subsequently limits the electrochemical activity of these batteries. Here, the spatially asynchronous activation mechanism of the LRLO in ASSLBs is presented. A spectroscopic study extending from the surface into the bulk interior of LRLO indicates that the activation kinetics of anionic oxygen prefers hysteretic delivery over uniform delivery and fast transition metals (TMs) activation. This spatial hetero activation is dominated by the failure of carrier transport at the interface, which is induced by microstructural defects in the composite cathode. This study is expected to facilitate the microstructural design of high‐performance LRLO‐based ASSLBs.
Catalytic Decarboxylative Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation for the Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryls
Authors: Cho Hyun‐A , Kim Sangji , Hwang Minyoung , Dongbang Sun , Kwon Yongseok 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHerein, we report a palladium‐catalyzed atroposelective decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation. A chiral palladium complex with a phosphoramidite ligand effectively desymmetrizes biaryls containing cinnamyl carbonate with excellent enantioselectivities. The addition of a catalytic amount of base accelerates the reaction process without loss of enantioselectivity. Cross‐over experiment provides mechanistic insight, suggesting that allyl palladium complex primarily dissociates from the original biaryl substrate and deliver allyl species intermolecularly. Analysis of product distribution at various time points indicates that secondary kinetic resolution plays a crucial role in achieving remarkable atroposelectivity.
Jiaohong pills attenuate neuroinflammation and amyloid‐β protein‐induced cognitive deficits by modulating the mitogen‐activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa‐B pathway
Authors: Zhang Hong , Cai Weiyan , Dong Lijinchuan , Yang Qing , Li Qi , Ran Qingsen , Liu Li , Wang Yajie , Li Yujie , Weng Xiaogang , Zhu Xiaoxin , Chen Ying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundJiaohong pills (JHP) consist of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli (PZ) and Radix Rehmanniae, two herbs that have been extensively investigated over many years due to their potential protective effects against cognitive decline and memory impairment. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects remain elusive. Here, research studies were conducted to investigate and validate the therapeutic effects of JHP on Alzheimer's disease.MethodsBV‐2 cell inflammation was induced by lipopolysaccharide. AD mice were administered amyloid‐β (Aβ). Behavioral experiments were used to evaluate learning and memory ability. The levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) were detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the phosphorylation level of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) were detected using Western blot. Nissl staining was used to detect neuronal degeneration.ResultsThe results demonstrated that an alcoholic extract of PZ significantly decreased the levels of NO, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and iNOS; increased the expression level of IL‐10; and significantly decreased the phosphorylation levels of MAPK and NF‐κB. These inhibitory effects were further confirmed in the AD mouse model. Meanwhile, JHP improved learning and memory function in AD mice, reduced neuronal damage, and enriched the Nissl bodies in the hippocampus. Moreover, IL‐1β and TNF‐α in the cortex were significantly downregulated after JHP administration, whereas IL‐10 showed increased expression.ConclusionsIt was found that JHP reduced neuroinflammatory response in AD mice by targeting the MAPK/NF‐κB signaling pathway.
Nickel‐Electrocatalytic Decarboxylative Arylation to Access Quaternary Centers**
Authors: Laudadio Gabriele , Neigenfind Philipp , Péter Áron , Rubel Camille Z. , Emmanuel Megan A. , Oderinde Martins S. , Ewing Tamara El‐Hayek , Palkowitz Maximilian D. , Sloane Jack L. , Gillman Kevin W. , Ridge Daniel , Mandler Michael D. , Bolduc Philippe N. , Nicastri Michael C. , Zhang Benxiang , Clementson Sebastian , Petersen Nadia Nasser , Martín‐Gago Pablo , Mykhailiuk Pavel , Engle Keary M. , Baran Phil S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere is a pressing need, particularly in the field of drug discovery, for general methods that will enable direct coupling of tertiary alkyl fragments to (hetero)aryl halides. Herein a uniquely powerful and simple set of conditions for achieving this transformation with unparalleled generality and chemoselectivity is disclosed. This new protocol is placed in context with other recently reported methods, applied to simplify the routes of known bioactive building blocks molecules, and scaled up in both batch and flow. The role of pyridine additive as well as the mechanism of this reaction are interrogated through Cyclic Voltammetry studies, titration experiments, control reactions with Ni(0) and Ni(II)‐complexes, and ligand optimization data. Those studies indicate that the formation of a BINAPNi(0) is minimized and the formation of an active pyridine‐stabilized Ni(I) species is sustained during the reaction. Our preliminary mechanistic studies ruled out the involvement of Ni(0) species in this electrochemical cross‐coupling, which is mediated by Ni(I) species via a Ni(I)‐Ni(II)‐Ni(III)‐Ni(I) catalytic cycle.
“Whole‐Body” Fluorination for Highly Efficient and Ultra‐Stable All‐Inorganic Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Wang Zhaoyu , Wei Youchao , Chen Yameng , Zhang Haoyu , Wang Di , Ke Jianxi , Liu Yongsheng , Hong Maochun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInherent “soft” ionic lattice nature of halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs), triggered by the weak Pb−X (X=Cl, Br, I) bond, is recognized as the primary culprit for their serious instability. A promising way is to construct exceedingly strong ionic interaction inside the QDs and increase their crystal cohesive energy by substituting the interior X− with highly electronegative F−, however, which is challenging and hitherto remains unreported. Here, a “whole‐body” fluorination strategy is proposed for strengthening the interior bonding architecture of QDs, wherein the F− are uniformly distributed throughout the whole nanocrystal encompassing both the interior lattice and surface, successfully stabilizing their “soft” crystal lattice and passivating surface defects. This approach effectively mitigates their intrinsic instability issues including light‐induced phase segregation. As a result, light‐emitting devices based on these QDs exhibit exceptional efficiency and remarkable stability.
Low‐Electronegativity Cationic High‐Entropy Doping to Trigger Stable Anion Redox Activity for High‐Ni Co‐Free Layered Cathodes in Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liang Pengrui , Qi Kaiwen , Chen Shiyuan , Ding Xuan , Wu Xiaojun , Wu Changzheng , Zhu Yongchun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM‐811) exhibits the highest capacity in commercial lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), and the high Ni content (80 %) provides the only route for high energy density. However, the cationic structure instability arisen from the increase of Ni content (>80 %) limits the further increase of the capacity, and inevitable O2 release related to anionic structure instability hinders the utilization of anion redox activity. Here, by comparing various combinations of high‐entropy dopants substituted Co element, we propose a low‐electronegativity cationic high‐entropy doping strategy to fabricate the high‐Ni Co‐free layered cathode (LiNi0.8Mn0.12Al0.02Ti0.02Cr0.02Fe0.02O2) that exhibits much higher capacity and cycling stability. Configurational disorder originated from cationic high‐entropy doping in transition metal (TM) layer, anchors the oxidized lattice oxygen ((O2)n−) to preserve high (O2)n− content, triggering the anion redox activity. Electron transfer induced by applying TM dopants with lower electronegativity than that of Co element, increases the electron density of O in TM‐O octahedron (TM‐O6) configuration to reach higher (O2)n− content, resulting in the higher anion redox activity. With exploring the stabilization effect on both cations and anions of high‐entropy doping and low‐electronegativity cationic modified anion redox activity, we propose an innovative and variable pathway for rationally tuning the properties of commercial cathodes.