bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation analysis using RUNX1-mutated cells reveals association of FLI1 to familial platelet disorder with associated myeloid malignancies caused by a mutation in the transactivation domain of RUNX1
Authors: Tanaka Yuki , Nakada Ken-ichi , Maruyama Rino , Suzuki Harukazu , Suzuki Takahiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Familial platelet disorder with associated myeloid malignancies (FPDMM) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by heterozygous germline mutations in RUNX1. It is characterized by thrombocytopenia with platelet dysfunction and a high risk of hematological malignancy development. Although FPDMM is a precursor condition for diseases involving abnormal DNA methylation, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the DNA methylation status of FPDMM remains unknown due to a lack of animal models and difficulty in obtaining patient-derived samples.
Results
Using genome editing techniques, we established two lines of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with different FPDMM-mimicking heterozygous RUNX1 mutations. The established FPDMM-mimicking iPSCs showed defective differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and megakaryocytes (Mks), consistent with FPDMM. HPCs differentiated from FPDMM-mimicking iPSCs showed DNA methylation patterns distinct from those of wild-type HPCs. Binding motif-enrichment analysis showed the enrichment of ETS transcription factor (TF) motifs in hypermethylated regions, in contrast to the RUNX1 motif. We found that the expression of FLI1, an ETS family member, was significantly downregulated in FPDMM-mimicking HPCs with a mutation in the transactivation domain (TAD) of RUNX1. We demonstrated that FLI1 promoted binding-site-directed DNA demethylation, and that overexpression of FLI1 in FPDMM-mimicking HPC lines with a RUNX1 TAD mutation restored their Mk differentiation efficiency and hypermethylation status.
Conclusion
These results suggested that FLI1 is a putative causative TF responsible for differential DNA methylation and defective Mk differentiation in FPDMM-mimicking HPCs in the presence of a mutation in the TAD of RUNX1. Thus, this study provided insights into a part of pathogenesis of FPDMM.
Triple blinded split mouth clinical trial after single visit root canal treatment to Compare Post-operative pain subsequent to different apical finishing sizes
Authors: Kataia Mohamed , Kataia Engy , Khalil Hala , seoud Mohammed Abou el 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background This is a triple-blinded, prospective split-mouth clinical trial. It is important to shed light on the effect of different apical preparation sizes regarding postoperative pain within the same patient with the same pulpal histological status. The aim is to compare and evaluate the severity of postoperative pain following apical enlargement with two different sizes after the IBF using the visual analogue scale.
Methods Fifty sides in twenty-five patients were assigned into two equal groups (25 per group) using E3 Azure rotary files; Group A was prepared two sizes greater than the IBF mesial canals, which were enlarged to 30#/.04 and 40#/.04 for the distal canals. Group B was prepared in three sizes larger than the IBF: 35#/.04 for mesial canals and 45#/.04 for the distal canals. On a VAS form, patients were questioned to indicate the degree of their pain and assisted in narrating their pain intensity during the following periods: 12, 24, and 72 hours, and after a week, also recorded by a second blinded clinician. VAS data were non-parametric and analyzed using the signed rank test for intergroup comparisons, Freidman's test, and the Nemenyi post hoc test for intragroup comparisons.
Results showed that regardless of measurement time, enlargement of apical preparation was significantly associated with higher pain scores (p<0.001). Within both groups, there was a significant reduction of measured pain score with time, with values measured after 12 and 24 hours being significantly higher than values measured at other intervals (p<0.001) and with values measured after three days being significantly higher than 1-week value (p<0.001).
Conclusion There is a relationship between postoperative pain and the size of the preparation.
Trial registration number & date: NCT05847738, 08/05/2023.
Pros and Cons in The Delivery of Doxorubicin Using Renal-clearable Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Lang , Qiao Shanshan , Sun Meiyu , Mao Yusheng , Huang Hai , Wang Yemei , Sun Shasha , Chai Xianzhi , Tang Shaoheng , Gong Aihua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Renal-clearable drug delivery systems (DDSs) offer significant advantages compared to conventional non-renal-clearable DDSs due to their reduced toxicity and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, despite the development of renal-clearable DDSs in the past decade, deeper understanding of how the biological barriers, especially the intracellular barriers affect their therapeutic efficiency remain poorly explored. Herein, the antitumor efficiency and the intracellular behavior of renal-clearable Au-DOX which use renal-clearable gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as delivery vectors for doxorubicin (DOX) were systematically investigated. The results revealed that although the toxicity of Au-DOX was significantly lower than that of free DOX due to efficient elimination of off-target DOX through renal clearance, the altered cellular uptake pathway compromised the antitumor efficacy of Au-DOX. Most Au-DOX was endocytosed and sequestered within lysosomes, preventing it from diffusing into nucleus to elicit therapeutic effect. Our results indicate that the lysosomal barrier induced ineffective intracellular delivery would counteract the therapeutic efficacy of renal-clearable DDSs and highlight the role of overcoming intracellular barriers when designing DDSs.
Quality of Life Assessment Among Ethnically Diverse Black Prostate Cancer Survivors: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Approach
Authors: Ogunsanya Motolani , Kaninjing Ernie , Ellis Tanara , Bamidele Olufikayo , Morton Daniel , McIntosh Andrew , Dickey Sabrina , Kendzor Darla , Dwyer Kathleen , Young Mary Ellen , Odedina Folakemi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most common cancer in Black men (BM), and the number of Black CaP survivors is rapidly increasing. Although Black immigrants are among the fastest-growing and most heterogeneous ethnic groups in the US, limited data exist regarding their CaP experiences. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and model the experiences of ethnically diverse Black men with CaP.
Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 34 participants: Native-born BM (NBBM) (n=17), African-born BM (ABBM) (n=11), and Caribbean-born BM (CBBM) (n=6) CaP survivors recruited through QR-code embedded flyers posted in Black businesses, clinics, social media platforms, and existing research networks within the US. Guided by Charmaz’s constructivist grounded theory methodology, the interviews were analyzed using constant comparison following key stages of initial, focused, and theoretical coding using Atlas.ti v23.
Results: Participants were thirty-four men aged 49-84 years (mean±SD, 66±8). Most were married (77%), likely to be diagnosed at Stage I (35%), and treated with radiotherapy (56%). Our study findings explored the complex trajectory of Black prostate cancer (CaP) survivors, unveiling a comprehensive model termed "Journeying through Unfamiliar Terrain." Comprising three phases and 11 sub-phases, this model uniquely captures the pre-diagnosis awareness and post-treatment adaptation among survivors.
Conclusion: The resulting theoretical model delineates the entire CaP survivorship process among BM, providing contextual and conceptual understanding for developing interventions and enhancing patient-centered care for ethnically diverse CaP survivors, pivotal in bridging the gaps in survivorship research and healthcare practices.
The role of TyG index as a predictor of all-cause mortality in hospitalized patients with acute pancreatitis:a retrospective study utilizing the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Liao Jian , Lu Dingyu , Xie Hong , Wang Maojuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background The TyG index is widely recognized as a reliable indicator for cardiovascular disease risk and as a biomarker for assessing insulin resistance(IR). However, its significance in the context of patients with acute pancreatitis(AP) needs further exploration.This study aimed to investigate the association between the TyG index and the risk of all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with AP. Methods Data for this retrospective study were obtained from the MIMIC IV2.2 database. The participants were divided into four groups based on the TyG index tertiles. The primary outcome measured was in-hospital all-cause mortality.We employed Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and restricted cubic splines to evaluate the correlation between the TyG index and clinical outcomes in patients with AP. Results The study included 586 patients, of which 44.71% were male. The rates of mortality observed in the hospital stay and in the ICU stay were 19.28% and 12.97%. By conducting multivariable Cox proportional hazards, it was determined that the TyG index was independently associated with a heightened risk of in-hospital mortality [HR(95%CI) of 1.38(1.03–1.87,P = 0.033)] and in ICU mortality[1.65༈1.12–2.44),P = 0.012].The analysis using restricted cubic splines showed that there was a consistent and gradually increasing risk of all-cause mortality as the TyG index increased. This indicates that a higher TyG index is associated with a higher risk of mortality. Conclusion In critically ill patients with AP, the TyG index shows a notable correlation with all-cause death in both hospital and ICU.The TyG index can be useful in identifying insulin resistance at an early stage in patients with AP, thereby improving risk assessment and guiding subsequent interventions.
The interplay between patients with diabetic foot ulcer and healthcare professionals in a cross-sectorial setting addressing treatment and care; A realistic evaluation.
Authors: Søndergaard Susanne Friis , Christensen Jørn Fryd , Dahl Marie , Drejer Milica , Høgh Annette 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes-related lower-extremity complications like diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a global disability burden. Thus, treatment and care for patients with DFU call for a multi-sectoral approach, incorporating interdisciplinary care pathways. We aimed to explore the interplay between patients with DFU and healthcare professionals in cross-sectorial settings addressing treatment and care.MethodThe study was designed as a realistic evaluation. Data was generated from September 2022 to marts 2023, drawing on approximately 60 hours of participant observation of 14 patients in their homes and at their outpatient clinic visits in Denmark. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) was applied in the paper.ResultsWe identified three illuminating cumulations describing the interplay between the patients with DFU and healthcare professionals in the cross-sectorial setting: 1) Humor is a relationship-enhancing element between nurse and patient. 2) Support of the patient's coping strategies promotes patient-centeredness and collaboration. 3) Patients and professionals occupy unnegotiated identity roles.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study provided insight into how the interplay between the patient and the healthcare professionals encourages the healthcare professionals’ agenda to promote health literacy and health promotion. The patient's and professionals' unnegotiated identity roles challenge collaboration, patient health literacy, and health promotion.
Missed opportunities for Hepatitis B virus testing among third-trimester women at Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Biryande William , Kasujja Musa , Hakizimana Theoneste , Okello Maxwell , Baluku Asanairi , Byonanuwe Simon , Chebet Joan , Ramirez Fernando Perez 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant public health concern, particularly among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the availability of effective screening methods, missed opportunities for HBV testing during pregnancy persist, leading to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of missed opportunities for HBV testing among third-trimester women at Lira Regional Referral Hospital (LRRH) in Uganda.
Methods
A cross-sectional study involving third-trimester women receiving antenatal care (ANC) was conducted at LRRH between August and October 2023. The data were collected using structured questionnaires, and statistical analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of missed opportunities for HBV testing. Ethical approval was obtained from the Bishop Stuart University Research Ethics Committee, and informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Results
Among the participants, 90% experienced missed opportunities for HBV testing during their ANC visits. Rural residence (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.961–9.101, p = 0.049), nonattendance of ANC (AOR 4.2, 95% CI 1.887–5.542, p = 0.018), and age above 30 years (AOR 0.3, 95% CI 0.104–0.675, p = 0.005) were significantly associated with missed testing. The seropositivity rate among pregnant women who missed testing was 12.4%. These findings underscore the influence of sociodemographic factors and healthcare-seeking behaviors on HBV testing uptake during pregnancy.
Conclusion
This study revealed a concerning prevalence of missed opportunities for HBV testing (90%) among third-trimester women receiving ANC at LRRH in Uganda, indicating a significant deficiency in HBV screening program implementation within this setting. The key contributing factors included rural residence, nonattendance of ANC, and younger age, emphasizing the urgent need for targeted interventions to overcome barriers to accessing and utilizing HBV testing, particularly among rural and younger pregnant women. Additionally, the increase in the seropositivity rate among pregnant women who missed testing (12.4%) underscores the potential risk of undiagnosed HBV infections, highlighting the importance of addressing missed opportunities for screening to mitigate vertical transmission and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Integrating Multimodal Information and Advanced Machine Learning Algorithms for Function Assessment and Rehabilitation Prediction in Patients after Cerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Liu Xuemin , He Yu , Wang Ziliang , Huang Mengdi , Liang Zihui , Xia Shenglin , Yuan Xiangnan , Zhou Fenghua , Liu Xueyong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The recovery process for patients post-cerebral hemorrhage is influenced by various factors. Crucially, multimodal information, including results from rehabilitation function assessments, imaging examinations, and laboratory tests, is essential for evaluating motor function and predicting the rehabilitation outcome in these patients.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted, utilizing data from 315 and 424 patients with post-cerebral hemorrhage. The training set comprised rehabilitation function assessment results, imaging examination data, and laboratory test results, used to establish models for evaluating motor function and predicting rehabilitation outcomes. Clinical characteristics of patients underwent single-factor and multi-factor logistic regression analyses, exploring influencing factors during the recovery process after cerebral hemorrhage. Head CT scans of patients underwent pre-processing, extracting radiomic features for predicting motor function when combined with functional assessment results. Moreover, a GBDT gradient boosting tree model was constructed based on patients' multimodal clinical information and compared with other machine learning models to evaluate rehabilitation outcomes. Separate models for predicting motor function and evaluating rehabilitation were established for patients with cerebral hemorrhage using selected radiomic and clinical features, and the performance of each model was individually assessed.
Results
Following extensive training and validation with a substantial patient records dataset, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis reveals the excellent performance of the motor function prediction model we developed for patients post-cerebral hemorrhage. In both five-fold and ten-fold cross-validation, the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) algorithm demonstrates superior performance in the post-cerebral hemorrhage rehabilitation assessment compared to other machine learning algorithms. Multifactor analysis indicates that, in predicting motor function after cerebral hemorrhage, factors such as albumin, neutrophil count and percentage, triglycerides, coagulation time, and urea are significant. In rehabilitation assessment, meaningful factors include the age of onset, admission modified Barthel Index (mBI) score, and the initiation of rehabilitation.
Conclusion
Our study integrates multimodal information and advanced machine learning algorithms, providing a solution for assessing function and predicting rehabilitation in patients after cerebral hemorrhage. The established models hold the potential to provide decision support for clinicians in clinical practice, promoting the realization of personalized rehabilitation treatment.
Improvement of Corrosion Resistance of Low Carbon Steels by Surface Modification
Authors: Abobakr Sohier , Bastweesy A. M. , Hassan A. Y. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research aims to investigate the corrosion resistance of surface layers of pack chromizing, titanizing, and chromtitanize low-carbon steel in a chloride-containing environment at room temperature. The parameters affecting the diffused coat, such as the coating time, coating temperature, and the effect of pack compositions, were also studied. Tests are performed to measure wet corrosion behavior using the Potentiodynamic polarization corrosion test. The microstructures and elemental analysis using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) attached to an EDX unit were obtained. Phase analysis is determined using EDX. X-ray diffraction examination indicated that in the chromizing, titanizing, and chromotitanizing processes at different coating times and temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C. The outer layer is composed basically of Cr,Ti, Cr1.9Ti, FeTi, Al2O3, Cr2O3, TiO2, Cr1.36Fe0.52, (Ti0.86)3.58, and Ti0.86 phases in addition to the elemental iron. The thickness of the coating increases with the increase of the deposition time. The coating is composed of a thick outer layer and a thin inner layer. The formation of the coating depends on the inward diffusion of Cr and Ti atoms and the outward diffusion of Fe atoms. The linear polarization examination showed that the corrosion resistance of steel is enhanced by coating it in a 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution at room temperature. Potentiodynamic polarization examination showed a lower corrosion rate of the coated specimens than the uncoated ones, and the coated specimens exhibit nobler behavior than the uncoated ones in a 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution at room temperature. The corrosion resistance of the coating is proportional to the deposition time and temperature.
Immune response to the recombinant herpes zoster vaccine in people living with HIV over 50 years of age compared to non-HIV age-/gender-matched controls (SHINGR’HIV): a multicenter, international, non-randomized clinical trial study protocol
Authors: Hentzien Maxime , Bonnet Fabrice , Bernasconi Enos , Biver Emmanuel , Braun Dominique L , Munting Aline , Leuzinger Karoline , Leleux Olivier , Musardo Stefano , Prendki Virginie , Schmid Patrick , Staehelin Cornelia , Stoeckle Marcel , Walti Carla S , Wittkop Linda , Appay Victor , Didierlaurent Arnaud M , Calmy Alexandra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: The burden of herpes zoster (shingles) virus and associated complications, such as post-herpetic neuralgia, is higher in older adults and has a significant impact on quality of life. The incidence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia is increased in people living with HIV (PLWH) compared to an age-matched general population, including PLWH on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) with no detectable viremia and normal CD4 counts. PLWH – even on effective ART may- exhibit sustained immune dysfunction, as well as defects in cells involved in the response to vaccines. In the context of herpes zoster, it is therefore important to assess the immune response to varicella zoster virus vaccination in older PLWH and to determine whether it significantly differs to that of HIV-uninfected healthy adults or younger PLWH. We aim at bridging these knowledge gaps by conducting a multicentric, international, non-randomised clinical study (SHINGR’HIV) with prospective data collection after vaccination with an adjuvant recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) in two distinct populations: in PLWH on long-term ART (>10 years) over 50 years of and age/gender matched controls
Methods: We will recruit participants from two large established HIV cohorts in Switzerland and in France in addition to age-/gender-matched HIV-uninfected controls. Participants will receive two doses of RZV two months apart. In depth-evaluation of the humoral, cellular, and innate immune responses and safety profile of the RZV will be performed to address the combined effect of aging and potential immune deficiencies due to chronic HIV infection. The primary study outcome will compare the geometric mean titer of gE-specific total IgG measured 1 month after the second dose of RZV between different age groups of PLWH and between PLWH and age-/gender-matched HIV-uninfected controls.
Discussion: The SHINGR’HIV trial will provide robust data on the immunogenicity and safety profile of RZV in older PLWH to support vaccination guidelines in this population.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05575830. Registered on 12 October 2022. Eu Clinical Trial Register (EUCT number 2023-504482-23-00)
Medical Students' Competency in EFAST Components: a prospective observational study
Authors: Farooq Munawar , CEVIK Arif Alper , ALAO David O , PEDO Virgie G , ABU-ZIDAN Fikri M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Ultrasound training in undergraduate medical education is developing, and its incorporation in the curriculum requires careful planning. Extended Focused Assessment Sonography for Trauma (EFAST) is commonly taught to medical students as one of the primary applications of ultrasound. Because false negative EFAST scans can affect patient clinical outcomes, it is essential to evaluate the individual components of this skill. We aim to determine which suboptimal EFAST components students perform after initial training.
Methods
In this prospective observational study, 90 medical students from two final-year cohorts were assessed in EFAST components after uniform training during the emergency medicine clerkship. All validated components of the standard EFAST exam were assessed. Descriptive analysis in individual components of EFAST was performed.
Results
The hepatorenal space, splenorenal space, and pelvic space fluid investigations had the lowest completion rates. Pericardial fluid, pelvic free fluid, and right thoracic pleural fluid investigations were most often incorrectly applied. Fanning was most commonly missed in hepatorenal, splenorenal, and pelvic free fluid investigations. Between 12% and 50% of EFAST components had omitted reporting.
Conclusions
There were significant numbers of incomplete assessments for free intraperitoneal fluid, mostly due to a lack of fanning in the hepatorenal, splenorenal, and pelvic areas. By targeting these challenging areas, trainers can effectively enhance student performance and outcomes. Further research might reveal whether residents and physicians show similar trends in EFAST completion.