bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ABOUT REDESIGNED ROMAN HELMETS
Authors: Негин А.Е. 
Published: November 2023

В статье обсуждаются нетипичные шлемы римского времени. Им свойственно смешение признаков разных типов. Выборка включает три группы шлемов: 1) устаревшие и переделанные в римских арсеналах в связи с появлением новых типов, 2) модифицированные по желанию неримских вспомогательных солдат и 3) «варварский» образец, созданный в подражание римским шлемам и с использованием аутентичных деталей. Изучение данного материала способствует получению новых знаний о взаимных влияниях в технологии защитного вооружения как в Барбарикуме, так и за его пределами, позволяя вырабатывать новые суждения о миграциях, пространственном распределении импорта и т.п.
The paper discusses a series of atypical helmets of the Roman period. All specimens display a mixture of elements borrowed from various helmet types. The sample consists of three groups of helmets: (1) the outmoded ones that have been reworked in Roman armories after the emergence of newer helmet types, (2) those which were modified according to the wishes of non-Roman auxiliary soldiers, and (3) a ‘barbaric’ specimen, which imitates Roman helmets, with elements of Roman manufacture incorporated into it. Going far beyond all well-known typologies, the sample under study provides better understanding of reciprocal contacts in armament technologies both in Barbaricum and elsewhere and enables newer insights on migrations, spatial distribution of imports, etc.
Työläisperhe hajallaan
Authors: Frigren Pirita 
Published: November 2023

Pirita Frigrenin artikkeli käsittelee merimiesten työn vaikutusta heidän perheidensä arkeen Suomen länsirannikon satamakaupungeissa purjelaivamerenkulun kultakaudella 1800-luvun puolivälissä. Laivanvarustusteollisuuden kasvun myötä merityö alkoi houkutella ja kasvava merimiesväestö muutti vanhojen porvariskaupunkien sosiaalista rakennetta. Merimiesperheet olivat kaupunkien ensimmäisiä palkkatyöläisperheitä, mutta miehen työ merillä kaukana kotoa loi näihin perheisiin perhehistorian näkökulmasta mielenkiintoisia sosiaalisia ja taloudellisia erityispiirteitä, jotka yhä vallinneen patriarkaalisen perhekäsityksen valossa näyttäytyivät poikkeuksellisina. Miehen ”etätyön” takia perhe oli lähes koko ajan hajallaan tai jopa vaarassa hajota lopullisesti joko miehen kuoleman tai karkaamisen vuoksi. Syntyi eräänlainen pysyvä poikkeustila, joka synnytti tarpeen erilaisille arjen strategioille.
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ONLINE DI SDK MANLETEN KABUPATEN BELU
Authors: Mbiri Adeodata Laniria Charla Barros , Bria Fridus 
Published: November 2023

Pandemic kovid-19 menghambat proses pembelajaran disemua jenjang pendidikan termasuk jenjang pendidikan sekolah dasar (SD). Proses pembelajaran yang awalnya berbasis manual atau face to face mengalami transformasi berbasis online atau belajar dari rumah (BDR), proses pembelajaran online menggunakan media pembelajaran berupa aplikasi. Dalam menghadapi transformasi para murid SDK Manleten menghadapi sebuah tantangan besar dikarenakan tidak mampu dalam menggunakan aplikasi pembelajaran berbasis online sehingga proses pembelajaran yang diterapkan pada masa pandemic adalah materi yang diberikan dalam bentuk Pekerjaan Rumah (PR). Berdasarkan survey awal tim pengabdi mendapatkan temuan bahwa proses pembelajaran online yang telah diterapkan tidak optimal dikarenakan minimnya penjelasan dari guru sehingga para murid SDK Manleten merasa kurang memahami materi yang diberikan. Dalam menghadapi tantangan ini maka diselenggarakannya PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ONLINE DI SDK MANLETEN, sasaran pengabdian ini murid Sekolah Dasar Kelas 6 dikarenakan pada masa pandemic murid kelas 6 diharuskan melaksanakan proses pembelajaran berbasis online. Kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan penggunaan media pembelajaran daring. Pelatihan yang diberikan berupa pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi google meet, aplikasi word dan aplikasi power point. Pelatihan penggunaan ketiga aplikasi ini berdasarkan hasil kuesioner awal sebagaian besar murid-murid tidak tahu cara penggunaan aplikasi pembelajaran online dimasa pandemic. Metode yang digunakan dalam melaksanakan pengabdian ini adalah observasi, perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini memiliki target yaitu diharpakan murid-murid dapat mengetahui dan mengaplikasikan media pembelajaran online setelah mengikuti pelatihan dan pendampingan ini
Perspective Chapter: Financing Private Healthcare for Government Employees to Improve Access
Authors: Mametja Selaelo , Letshweni Mapule , Semenya Mabatlo , Moyo Boldwin , Whyte Carmen , Bultinck-Human Jolene , Moloabi Stanley 
Published: November 2023

Eight years following the first democratically elected government in South Africa in 1994, most public sector employees remained unable to access private health insurance and care due to high cost. In 2002, the Parliamentary Cabinet approved a policy framework on a restricted medical insurance scheme for public sector employees. This policy centered around the principles of equity, efficiency, and differentiation. Employees would have access to essential healthcare benefits across different option plans under equitable remuneration structures based on their health needs. The establishment of the Government Employees Medical Scheme (GEMS) was approved by the Cabinet in 2004 and was then registered and operationalised in January 2005. This chapter aims to describe the evolution of GEMS as the largest closed medical insurance scheme within South Africa over the past 18 years, and how it improved access to care by embracing Universal Health Coverage (UHC) principles. We present the socio-demographic evolution of the Scheme and how it and the employer have provided affordable contributions and expanded healthcare benefits to universally cover members, their immediate and extended families during their active working years and retirement. We also expand on member-centric benefit design and the critical role of organised labor and government, as both employer and policy maker.
Value of Quantitative Electroencephalography in Diagnosis and Management of Mild to Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: Case Series of 150 Football Players with Multiple Concussions
Authors: L. Merritt John 
Published: November 2023

Multiple sports-related concussions have been associated with neurocognitive impairments ranging from a mild dementia to full Alzheimer’s disease. Quantifying injuries and associated impairments is important to a diagnosis and management strategy. In addition to a necessary history and physical exam, other testing is always needed to confirm clinical suspicions. Radiology and imaging is often added, but they are often insensitive and nonspecific. An often neglected alternative or addition is electrophysiological assessment. Quantitative EEG, such as eVox, (which we call functional EEG) is one such readily available, objective electrophysiological system that has a large database with which to refer. In our clinic we evaluated a case series of 150 retired former professional American Football players who presented with histories of concussion and persistent symptoms of cognitive impairments. Their evaluations included comprehensive examinations, brain MRI (concussion protocol,) neurocognitive testing, and quantitative electroencephalography (Evoke NeuroScience.). Males, ages 32 to 65 years with professional football careers ranging from 1 to 18 years. Physical exams included ataxia of speech and gait, word finding impairments, nystagmus, pendular reflexes, and abnormal affect. Neurocognitive testing revealed impairments in up to five cognitive domains. MRI (concussion protocol) were positive findings in only 34%. Evoke EEG findings included delayed P300a and P300b, reduced EEG power in regions associated with working memory, and information processing and alterations in heart rate variability. The physical-neurological exam provided some objective findings, but they were often subtle. Brain MRIs were abnormal in only 34%. Neurocognitive testing identified abnormalities in all cases. The Evoke EEG provided electrophysiological abnormalities in all cases. Evoke EEG is sensitive and objective, and adds confirmatory neurophysiological data that correlate tightly with formal neurocognitive impairments and symptoms. Additionally, specific abnormal patterns provided objective rationale for targeted treatment regimens, including neurofeedback and neurocognitive training.
Anti-Bacterial Use and Resistance Pattern in Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Melaku Kebede Tsegaye 
Published: November 2023

Despite warnings at the beginning of the industrial antibiotic era 70 years ago, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become an increasingly intractable health issue. For common bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs), sepsis, and sexually transmitted infections, high rates of antibiotic resistance have been observed globally for the commonly used antibiotics used to treat these infections. This observation indicates that we are facing a shortage of effective antibiotics. This global problem has a significant impact on pregnant women, necessitating urgent multi-sectoral action to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, with a particular focus on perinatal health. The current chapter focuses on shedding light on the commonly prescribed antibiotics for treating UTI during pregnancy. This chapter also addresses the overview of UTI management and principles of antibiotic regimen selections (effectiveness). Furthermore, it also pointed to the safety concern for selected antibiotics or class of antibiotics primarily used for treatment of UTI. Finally, it provides the details of current tsunami of AR specifically among pregnant women diagnosed with UTI in different settings and countries. In general, without the effective and cautious use of antibiotics, the progress made by the United Nations in reducing maternal and child mortality and morbidity by treating infections during pregnancy, such as UTI, would be at a heightened risk.
Fundamentals of Colorimetry
Authors: Kumari Shrestha Yagya , Krishna Shrestha Shree 
Published: November 2023

There are several kinds of analytical techniques following the principle of photometry in which colorimetry comes under absorption photometry. The colorimetry is commonly used analytical technique involved in quantitative estimation of color i.e. it is utilized to find out concentration of the colored substance in the sample solution e.g. water, biological samples at visible spectrum of light (380–780 nm). The colorimeter is an instrument in which this technique is used. It is also called absorptiometer. A substance must be colorful or should have property of forming chromogens through the addition of reagents which will absorb light according to their color intensity to be measured. The intensity of the color is in proportion to the concentration of colored compound. Most of the analytical techniques used in our clinical laboratory presently are based on this photometric principles in which absorbed, transmitted or emitted light are measured. When intensity at different wavelength on the whole range of electromagnetic spectrum is measured, it is called spectrophotometry. Smartphone accessories have been evolved to allow the simple, quick reproducible values of the molecules.
Proyecto urbano feminista como herramienta de evaluación de políticas públicas: experiencias pedagógicas de diagnóstico proyectual en el hábitat popular del sur de Buenos Aires
Authors: Roitman Anabella , Ara María Victoria , Barroso Patricia 
Published: November 2023

Feminist Urbanism is a research project from FADU - UBA in Buenos Aires, Argentina, which aims to make visible the imbrication of theoretical ideas of Feminism in urban planning, through the analysis, diagnosis and proposal of public policies. For this exercise, the objective was to explore the possibilities of "Urban Project" as an urban planning instrument, on the attempt to consider it as an interface for understanding public policies for the redevelopment of a slum. The experience allowed the articulation of notions such as Popular Habitat, Urban Project and Feminist Urbanism, in addition to the exchange of experiences between the academy, the government areas, and neighborhood political spaces. The interns were able to have an approach to the understanding of popular habitat from the theoretical ideas of feminism, developed through gender perspective as a methodology.
Urbanismo Feminista es un proyecto de investigación de la FADU - UBA en Buenos aires, Argentina, que apunta a visibilizar la imbricación de las ideas teóricas del Feminismo en la planificación urbana, a través del analisis, diagnóstico y propuesta de políticas públicas. Para este ejercicio se planteó como objetivo explorar las posibilidades del instrumento urbanístico “Proyecto Urbano”, en vías a intentar considerarlo a su vez como interfase para la comprensión de las políticas públicas para la Reurbanización de una villa miseria. La experiencia permitió la articulación de las nociones de Hábitat Popular, Proyecto Urbano y Urbanismo Feminista, sumado al intercambio de experiencias entre la academia, las áreas de gobierno, y espacios políticos barriales. Las y los pasantes pudieron tener un acercamiento a la comprensión del hábitat popular desde las ideas teóricas del feminismo, llevadas a la práctica a través de la perspectiva de género como metodología.
El geodesign como método de análisis espacial del paisaje urbano: una estrategia para el cambio climático
Authors: Borges Ana Thais Freitas , Crespo José Luis Mourato , Souza Eduarda de Moraes , Vieira Tayna Gabriela Fernandes 
Published: November 2023

Climate change is a major challenge in the contemporary world and its impacts affect millions of people in the present and affect many others in the future. Cities are in the meantime, since they group together large populations and produce a significant volume of polluting gases. Geodesign, in this context, proves to be a great ally, since from its procedures and tools one can deeply analyze a territory and see the real dimensions of its environmental conditions and the urban landscape. The geographical area under study proved to be suitable for this type of analysis, since it is located in an area with several environmental problems and obstacles, in addition to the presence of the Paciência River and native forest, which are important for the preservation of the ecosystem and the environment. climate.
As mudanças climáticas configuram-se como um grande desafio no mundo contemporâneo e seus impactos afetam milhões de pessoas no presente e afetarão tantas outras no futuro. As cidades encontram-se nesse ínterim, uma vez que agrupam grandes quantidades populacionais e produzem um volume expressivo de gases poluentes. O geodesign, nesse contexto, mostra-se como um grande aliado, uma vez que a partir de seus procedimentos e ferramentas pode-se analisar profundamente um território e enxergar as reais dimensões de suas condições ambientais e da paisagem urbana. O recorte geográfico em estudo mostrou-se como apto para esse tipo de análise, uma vez que encontra-se em uma área com diversas problemáticas e entraves ambientais, no que tange a expansão da malha urbana ou a manutenção de uma ecossistema natural, uma vez que na região encontram-se o Rio Paciência e a mata nativa, importantes para a preservação do ecossistema e do clima.
Desigualdades urbanas en los asentamientos de la Quebrada Machángara – sector Monjas: diagnóstico sobre el río Machángara en el sector de Monjas en Quito
Authors: Vallejo Robalino Matheo , Lara Calderón M. Lenin 
Published: November 2023

The ravines in the city of Quito - Ecuador have historically been erroneously consolidated as large urban dumps, drains of water from sewage and sewage of the city or have been filled to establish new real estate projects; which has caused a perception of a segregate image between the ravine and the city; stigmatizing it as unsafe spaces of low urban quality or spaces of low social interest; where to evidence and diagnose the inequalities, a diagnosis and validation of the proposal has been established through a graphic experimental methodology that allows to interpret quantitative and qualitative data that focus on the site and its inhabitants, the results reflect diverse readings framed on the origin of urban disagreements and the community's reaction to the present events, thus determining the adaptation to various current scenarios and appropriation of neighborhood life.
Las quebradas en la Ciudad de Quito – Ecuador históricamente han sido consolidadas de manera errónea como grandes botaderos urbanos, drenes de aguas provenientes de los alcantarillados y las aguas servidas de la ciudad o han sido rellenadas para establecer nuevos proyectos inmobiliarios; lo que ha provocado una percepción de una imagen segregativa entre la quebrada y la ciudad, estigmatizándola como espacios inseguros, de baja calidad urbana o espacios de bajo interés social; donde para evidenciar y diagnosticar las desigualdades, se ha establecido un diagnóstico y validación de la propuesta a través de metodología experimental gráfica que combinada con un proceso colaborativo permite identificar e interpretar datos cuantitativos y cualitativos que se enfocan en el sitio y sus habitantes, los resultados nos reflejan lecturas diversas enmarcadas sobre el origen de las disconformidades urbanas y la reacción de la comunidad ante los hechos presentes determinando así la adaptación a diversos escenarios actuales y apropiación de vida de barrio.
Plataforma colaborativa global para identificación y medición de espacios objeto de mejora en el marco de la Agenda 20/30
Authors: Arnaiz Eguren Ignacio , Arnaiz-Schmitz Cecilia 
Published: November 2023

The lack of technical or human resources present in most of the world's municipalities prevents the creation and access to spatial information. Collaborative processes have shown that they are capable of mapping the world with sufficient precision. But it is not enough to describe the physical structure of the territory, the roads, or the buildings, it is also necessary to obtain information on the living conditions of its inhabitants and on the state of its development. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are influencing decision-making in many governments through demographic and economic statistical techniques, but they do not measure or spatially locate the problems. OSDGM is proposed as a collaborative and open system to identify, delimit and measure the spaces where the living conditions and development of its inhabitants must be improved.
En la mayoría de los municipios del mundo no es posible crear y obtener información espacial por la inexistencia de medios técnicos o humanos. Sin embargo, la colaboración ha demostrado que es capaz de cartografiar el mundo con la suficiente precisión y actualización. Pero no basta con describir la estructura física del territorio, las vías o los edificios, es necesario además obtener información sobre las condiciones de vida de sus habitantes y sobre el estado de su desarrollo. Los SGD/ODS Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible están incidiendo profundamente en muchos gobiernos para mejorar esas condiciones de vida y de desarrollo, y lo hacen mediante estadísticas demográficas y económicas, pero no miden ni localizan espacialmente los problemas. OSDGM se propone como un sistema colaborativo y abierto, para identificar, delimitar y medir los espacios donde las condiciones de vida y desarrollo de sus habitantes deben ser objeto de mejora.
Pobreza urbana y desigualdades ante la Covid-19 en México determinantes urbanas en dos municipios emblemáticos: Ecatepec y Nezahualcóyotl
Authors: García Balderas Guadalupe 
Published: November 2023

The Covid-19 is not only a health phenomenon, but also has socioeconomic, political, and mainly urban causes. At the same time it has shown to the poverty and pre-existing inequalities, that make vulnerable to the population during the pandemic. Therefore, the objective of this work is to identify the urban variables, such as the equipment, infrastructure, services and housing conditions that the low-income people have, which make them vulnerable to the COVID-19. The hypothesis that is proposed is that the poor or non-existence of equipment, infrastructure and services, as well as the overcrowding present in the homes of the low-income population, make them more vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic. These one is verified from the study of the cases of Ecatepec and Nezahualcóyotl, both municipalities from the Metropolitan Zone of Mexico City, where the low-income population lives. From official statistics and empirical evidence, it is verified that the population that lives in municipalities lacking infrastructure, services and overcrowding conditions inside the dwelling, corresponds to those with lower incomes, and the combination of these elements, they are vulnerable to COVID-19.
La pandemia por Covid-19, no tan sólo es un fenómeno sanitario, sino también tiene determinantes socioeconómicas, políticas, y principalmente urbanas. A su vez, ha conllevado a la reproducción de la pobreza y las desigualdades preexistentes, mismas que vuelven más vulnerable a la población que las padece para enfrentar la pandemia. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo consiste en identificar aquellos elementos de tipo urbano, tales como el equipamiento, infraestructura, servicios y condiciones de la vivienda con los que cuenta la población de bajos ingresos, mismos que los vulneran ante la COVID-19. La hipótesis que se plantea es que la mala o nula existencia de equipamiento, infraestructura y servicios, así como el hacinamiento presente en las viviendas de la población de bajos ingresos, vuelven más vulnerable a ésta ante la pandemia por COVID-19. Lo anterior se comprueba a partir del estudio de los casos de Ecatepec y Nezahualcóyotl, ambos municipios pertenecientes a la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México, los cuales se integraron dando alojamiento a la población de bajos ingresos.Con base en la estadística oficial y trabajo de campo se comprueba que la población de estos municipios carentes de infraestructura, servicios y condiciones de hacinamiento al interior de la vivienda, corresponde a quienes cuentan con menores ingresos, y la conjugación de estos elementos, los vulneran ante la COVID-19.