bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An EBNA1-YAP signaling axis drives immune escape through CD276 in EBV-associated gastric cancer
Authors: Xu Dazhi , Huang Binhao , Wang Yu , Guo Jing , Duan Yantao , Dou Yi , Kang Wei , Wei Gong-Hong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Clinical efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy is often with low response rates in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC). To gain insights into the immune escape and discovering the key molecule against anti-tumor immunity, we performed an immune checkpoint screening with transcriptome profiling and IHC staining data. CD276 was found as an independent immune suppressive molecule and correlated with a worse prognosis. Our in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that CD276 promotes T cell apoptosis and reduces its chemokine secretion, thereby attenuating immune response and promoting tumor progression. Mechanistically, we revealed a chromatin occupancy of YAP/TEAD4 at the regulatory regions of CD276 and confirmed YAP/TEAD-mediated transcriptional upregulation of CD276 in EBVaGC. We further revealed that EBNA1 stimulate the MST1/2-LATS1/2-YAP axis, thus acting on the upstream of YAP activation to drive aberrant CD276 overexpression. Intriguingly, we established humanized xenograft mouse model and observed that EBVaGC with CD276 upregulation showed insensitivity to anti-PD1 immunotherapy while targeting CD276 in combination with PD1 blockade could effectively reduce the tumor size. Collectively, we unraveled the EBNA1-YAP-CD276 axis in promoting immune escape, representing a newly-discovered mechanism in EBVaGC with low response rate to anti-PD1 immunotherapy, and provided a novel insight into a potential immunotherapeutic avenue for EBVaGC treatment.
Organics removal pathways and algae-bacteria interactions of microalgal-bacterial granular sludge treating real municipal wastewater
Authors: Ji Bin , Shi Shi , Xu Chengxiang , Li Anjie , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Liu Yu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Algae-bacteria interactions play an essential role in the transformation of complex organics in microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS), but the intrinsic removal mechanisms have not been well understood. This study thus attempted to investigate the removal performance and mechanisms of complex organics in real municipal wastewater in MBGS process. The results showed that complex organics could be effectively disposed during day-night cycles by MBGS, with the process performance significant impacted by the influent C/N ratio. Further metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses revealed that the upregulated gap2 and gpmA genes of glycolysis enhanced the conversion of complex organics to CO2 mediated by Chlorophyceae and Acidobacteriae/Sumerlaeia/Fimbriimonadia, while the upregulated petH gene of NADPH synthesis by Cyanobacteria strengthened the fixation of CO2 into biomass. Meanwhile, the functional gene of amyA in the starch metabolism by Actinobacteriota was upregulated, along with the upregulated gldA gene in the glycerolipid metabolism through Chlorophyceae and Chloroflexia/Verrucomicrobiae. Moreover, a close symbiotic relationship between Cyanobacteria and Desulfobacterota I was identified, which played a crucial role in fatty acid decomposition. This study offers new insights into degradation mechanisms of complex organics via microalgal-bacterial symbiosis, which also gains basic knowledge on the carbon cycle in natural water ecosystems mediated by microalgal-bacterial symbiosis.
Development and application of an artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopy system for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection: a multicenter randomized controlled study
Authors: Zou Pei-Ying , Zhu Jian-Ru , Zhao Zhe , Mei Hao , Zhao Jing-Tao , Sun Wen-Jing , Wang Guo-Hua , Chen Dong-Feng , Fan Li-Lin , lan Chun-Hui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The early diagnosis and treatment of Heliobacter pylori gastrointestinal infection provide significant benefits to patients. We constructed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on an endoscopic system to diagnose H. pylori infection, and then examined the potential benefit of this model to endoscopists in their diagnosis of H. pylori infection.
Materials and Methods
A CNN neural network system for endoscopic diagnosis of H. pylori infection was established by collecting 7377 endoscopic images from 639 patients. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were determined. Then, a randomized controlled study was used to compare the accuracy of diagnosis of H. pylori infection by endoscopists who were assisted or unassisted by this CNN model.
Results
The deep CNN model for diagnosis of H. pylori infection had an accuracy of 89.6%, a sensitivity of 90.9%, and a specificity of 88.9%. Relative to the group of endoscopists unassisted by AI, the AI-assisted group had better accuracy (92.8% [194/209; 95%CI: 89.3%, 96.4%] vs. 75.6% [158/209; 95%CI: 69.7%, 81.5%]), sensitivity (91.8% [67/73; 95%CI: 85.3%, 98.2%] vs. 78.6% [44/56; 95%CI: 67.5%, 89.7%]), and specificity (93.4% [127/136; 95%CI: 89.2%, 97.6%] vs. 74.5% [114/153; 95%CI: 67.5%, 81.5%]). All of these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our AI-assisted system for diagnosis of H. pylori infection has good diagnostic ability, and can improve the accuracy of endoscopists in gastroscopic diagnosis.
Anxiety symptoms and coping strategies used by older adults during COVID-19: A national e-study of linkages among and between them.
Authors: Low Gail , França Alex Bacadini , Gao Zhiwei , Gutman Gloria , von Humboldt Sofia , Allana Hunaina , Wilson Donna Marie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic older adults experienced a variety of symptoms of anxiety. They employed a number of different strategies to deal with these. The aim of this study was to create a blueprint of older Canadians’ symptoms of pandemic-related anxiety and coping strategies, and linkages among and between them. Particular attention was paid to identifying the most-pernicious symptoms and variables that might facilitate application of the most beneficial coping strategies.
Methods
An e-survey was conducted with 1,327 older Canadians in the Summer of 2022, when public health measures were lifting across Canada. Anxiety was measured using the Geriatric Anxiety Scale − 10. Participants also completed the Coping with Stress and Anxiety personal assessment tool. Network analysis permitted us to examine linkages among respondents’ self-reported symptoms, and between their most pernicious symptoms of anxiety and the strategies to cope with them.
Results
Findings revealed a troubling trio of anxiety symptoms of central importance to our respondents: feelings of restlessness, muscle tension and having no control over their lives. Restless and no control over my life were particularly pernicious because they explained between 64–68% of the variance in 8 other anxiety symptoms. Coping seemed to occur through trial and error. Some strategies appeared to work in tandem and others in opposition to each other. Responders remembering resilience and staying active functioned as bridges shielding older people from worry, restlessness, and tension through spurning other remedial actions.
Discussion
This study provides evidence of a stable and predictable network of anxiety symptoms containing three particularly pernicious symptoms. Coping strategies, some seemingly working in tandem and some in opposition, or as bridges to recovery speak to the complex and arduous nature of mentally healthy recovery work. A visual representation of how anxiety symptoms can operate as a network might help older people better understand their own symptom experiences. Combining the two networks offers a blueprint of what within-person recovery might look like and a visual teaching tool for practitioners and program developers; older people could gain added insight into their own recovery experience.
DIRAS3 might function as a diagnostic biomarker and be related to immune infiltration in gliomas
Authors: Zhou Jinghuan , Liang Qiang , Li Qiao , wang Xudong , Yuan Guoqiang , Pan Yawen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Gliomas are not composed of mere tumour cells, but a complex ecosystem with an internal immune-related component called the tumour immune microenvironment, which is closely related to the development of the tumour itself. In order to develop a novel therapy for enhancing prognosis, the goal of this study was to investigate whether DIRAS3 can impact the survival outcome of glioma patients and its potential mechanism.We extracted expression profile and clinical data from TCGA and CGGA databases to investigate the mRNA expression level of DIRAS3 in glioma patients with different clinicopathological characteristics and its effect on overall survival. Then, the expression difference of DIRAS3 in different grades of glioma and normal tissues were verified. GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses were used to explore the possible biological functions and signal transduction pathways of DIRAS3 and its co-expressed genes. In the end, the relationship between DIRAS3 expression and immune cell infifiltration degree as well as immune-related molecules expression was also explored. Our results indicate that DIRAS3 was significantly overexpressed in gliomas and associated with poorer overall survival. It might influence the infiltration degree of multiple immune cells in the tumor microenvironment by regulating various processes of immune response.
Parametric design and mechanical properties of TPMS porous structure
Authors: Fulong Zhang , Mingbo Pang , Yanzhou Li , Liu Shuangyu , Xi Wang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Three-periodic minimal surface (TPMS) metal porous structure is a new lightweight structure with wide applications in multifunctional structures. In order to study the deformation behavior and energy absorption of different structures, three TPMS samples with Diamond, Gyroid, and Primitive structures were prepared using the selective laser melting technique. Then the compression tests were carried out on the specimens and the obtained results show that the deformation of TPMS is dominated by bending deformation. Among the studied structures, the highest ultimate strength and energy absorption capacity was 186.44 MPa and 54MJ/m3， respectively, which was achieved in the Gyroid structure. The Gyroid porous structure deforms uniformly along the loading direction in a lamellar collapse pattern. The performed analyses show that when the strain reaches 30%, a shear band of 45° relative to the compression direction appears. Failures in the Diamond and Primitive structures first occurred at the cell junction, and the shear band appeared at a strain of 20%. Comprehensive analyses showed that different types of TPMS structures have different deformation behaviors and mechanical responses during compression. The results of this article can be used to design impact-resistant parts in vehicles or implants.
Association of the Intake of Nineteen Dietary Fatty Acids With Age-related Macular Degeneration in the US Population
Authors: Jiang Bingcai , Wei Xin , Cai Dongmei , Wang Xiaoqin , Zhou Xiaobo , Chen Feng , Shen Xiaopeng , Cao Xiaochuan , Zheng Changwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
PURPOSE:
The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between dietary intake of fatty acids and the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the United States population.
METHODS:
Adult participants of the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in this nationwide cross-sectional study. The intake of dietary fatty acids was analyzed as a continuous and categorical variable. AMD status was assessed using nonmydriatic fundus photographs. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between dietary fatty acid intake and the risk of AMD.
RESULTS:
The unweighted population included 4,702 individuals of whom 374 had AMD. After adjusting for relevant variables, EPA (OR: 0.996, 95% CI: 0.993-0.996, P = 0.018), DPA (OR: 0.976, 95% CI: 0.962-0.990, P = 0.002), and DHA (OR: 0.996, 95% CI: 0.994-0.999, P = 0.003) were significantly associated with the presence of AMD. The highest versus lowest quartile of EPA (OR: 0.476, P for trend < 0.001), DPA (OR: 0.467, P for trend = 0.005) and DHA (OR: 0.586, Pfor trend = 0.008) were negatively correlated with the presence of AMD. Subgroup analysis showed that higher quartiles of EPA (OR: 0.461, P for trend < 0.002), DPA (OR: 0.467, P for trend = 0.006) and DHA (OR: 0.578, P for trend = 0.007) exhibited a negative association with early AMD. The study found no significant association between the intake of dietary fatty acids, including n-3 PUFA, and the risk of late AMD.
CONCLUSIONS:
In the 2005-2008 NHANES population, this study suggested a significant association between higher dietary DHA, DPA and EPA intake and reduced risk for AMD in the US population, particularly for early AMD.
The Moderating Effect of Physical Activity on the Relationship Between Neutrophils and Depression: A Cross-sectional Analysis Based on the NHANES Database
Authors: GUO Zhaohui , XIE Zhenwen , WANG Peng , LI Shufan , XIN Xin , WANG Xing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: To analyze the relationship between neutrophil count and depression based on the NHANES database and to explore the moderating effect of physical activity on the relationship between neutrophils and depression.
Methods: Cross-sectional data from the NHANES database were extracted, including demographic information, neutrophil count, scores from the PHQ-9 depression self-assessment scale, and scores from the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire). Pearson correlation, binary logistic regression, restricted cubic spline models, and linear regression equation models were used to analyze the association among physical activity, neutrophil count, and depression.
Results: There was a positive correlation between neutrophil count and depression, with an OR[95%CI] of 1.12[1.011,1.24]. The effect of physical activity in moderating the impact of neutrophils on depression was statistically significant (β=-0.1691, P<0.05).
Conclusion: Identifying depression in adults can be informed by monitoring neutrophil counts, which may be related to the "inflammation-induced depression" theory. Physical activity, as an effective moderator, significantly reduces the impact of neutrophils on depression, offering potential value in future prevention and intervention strategies for depression.
Unraveling the Novel Associations of Sleep Apnea with Glycosylated Hemoglobin: Insights from NHANES and Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: ma zhen , zhao min , zhao huanghong , Qu Nan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
While sleep apnea (SA) has been identified as a risk factor for metabolic dysfunction in diabetes, further research is required to establish a causal relationship between alterations in glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1C) and the presence of sleep apnea.
Methods
We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015–2018 and employed logistic regression models to analyze the association,Based on the questionnaire data, sleep apnea (SA) is categorized into three levels: Rarely−1−2 nights a week, Occasionally−3−4 nights a week, and Frequently−5 or more nights a week. Additionally, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics to assess the causal relationship between sleep apnea and HbA1C. The primary analysis utilized the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to ensure the robustness of our findings.
Results
In our cross-sectional analysis, after adjusting for multiple covariates, we observed an increased risk of HbA1C ratio for both "Occasionally−3−4 nights a week" (OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.00 ~ 0.15, P = 0.036) and "Frequently−5 or more nights a week" (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.00 ~ 0.17, P = 0.045). Utilizing the IVW technique, we calculated the risk of sleep apnea on HbA1C to be (OR = 1.086, 95% CI = 0.89 ~ 0.96, P = 0.035). The MR sensitivity analysis generated consistent findings.
Conclusion
Sleep apnea is linked to a higher risk of elevated HbA1c. The MR analysis supports a potential causal effect of sleep apnea on HbA1c.
Characterization of 38 cases of Neurobrucellosis
Authors: Qi Weimin , Niu Xiaoyan , Ren Yazhou , He Jianhang , Meng Yue , Li Haining 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aim：In this study, we thoroughly examine and discuss the clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment, and recovery of 38 neurobrucellosis cases. Additionally, we provide insights into the most recent research advances in the field of neurobrucellosis.
Materials and methods：In this study, we collected general data, clinical characteristics, ancillary tests, and treatment plans of 38 cases of neurobrucellosis diagnosed and treated at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from March 2012 to December 2022.
Results：Among the 38 cases, 25 were male, and 23 had a clear history of cattle and sheep exposure. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (81.58%) and headache (76.32%). Brucella agglutination test was positive in 37 patients, and 37 patients showed increased protein in the cerebrospinal fluid. All 38 patients had a complete blood routine, with 11 cases showing abnormal white blood cell counts. Among the 29 patients who underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging, 12 showed abnormalities. There were no in-hospital deaths among the patients.
Conclusions：Neurobrucellosis exhibits diverse clinical manifestations and can be difficult to differentiate from tuberculous meningitis. Routine tests such as complete blood routine and cranial magnetic resonance imaging have limited diagnostic value for neurobrucellosis and are prone to clinical misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. Patients with a history of contact with cattle and sheep in nearby grazing areas and presenting with symptoms such as fever and headache should undergo laboratory tests such as Brucella agglutination test or cerebrospinal fluid culture to establish an early and accurate diagnosis. Prompt initiation of treatment with doxycycline, rifampin, and ceftriaxone sodium triple therapy against Brucellosis is crucial in areas close to pastoral regions with potential cattle and sheep exposure.
Decoding Heterogeneity in Data-Driven Self-Monitoring Adherence Trajectories in Digital Lifestyle Interventions for Weight Loss: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Li Shiyu , Du Yan , Meireles Christiane , Song Dan , Sharma Kumar , Yin Zenong , Brimhall Bradley , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Data-driven trajectory modeling is a promising approach for identifying meaningful participant subgroups with various self-monitoring (SM) responses in digital lifestyle interventions. However, there is limited research investigating factors that underlie different subgroups. This qualitative study aimed to investigate factors contributing to participant subgroups with distinct SM trajectory in a digital lifestyle intervention over 6 months.
Methods: Data were collected from a subset of participants (n = 20) in a 6-month digital lifestyle intervention. Participants were classified into Lower SM Group (n = 10) or a Higher SM (n = 10) subgroup based on their SM adherence trajectories over 6 months. Qualitative data were obtained from semi-structured interviews conducted at 3 months. Data were thematically analyzed using a constant comparative approach.
Results: Participants were middle-aged (52.9 ± 10.2 years), mostly female (65%), and of Hispanic ethnicity (55%). Four major themes with emerged from the thematic analysis: Acceptance towards SM Technologies, Perceived SM Benefits, Perceived SM Barriers, and Responses When Facing SM Barriers. Participants across both subgroups perceived SM as positive feedback, aiding in diet and physical activity behavior changes. Both groups cited individual and technical barriers to SM, including forgetfulness, the burdensome SM process, and inaccuracy. The Higher SM Group displayed positive problem-solving skills that helped them overcome the SM barriers. In contrast, some in the Lower SM Group felt discouraged from SM. Both subgroups found diet SM particularly challenging, especially due to technical issues such as the inaccurate food database, the time-consuming food entry process in the Fitbit app.
Conclusions: This study complements findings from our previous quantitative research, which used data-drive trajectory modeling approach to identify distinct participant subgroups in a digital lifestyle based on individuals’ 6-month SM adherence trajectories. Our results highlight the potential of enhancing action planning problem solving skills to improve SM adherence in the Lower SM Group. Our findings also emphasize the necessity of addressing the technical issues associated with current diet SM approaches. Overall, findings from our study may inform the development of practical SM improvement strategies in future digital lifestyle interventions.
Trial registration: The study was pre-registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05071287) on April 30, 2022.
Active curling of epithelial monolayers dominated by actin cytoskeleton mechanics
Authors: Xu Guang-Kui , Wang Huan , Hang Jiu-Tao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Active curling of epithelial tissues, as an indispensable component of developmental morphogenesis, occurs frequently in both vivo and vitro microenvironments. Deciphering the mechanisms underlying the active curling of epithelial monolayers is crucial for understanding many physiological and pathological processes. Here, a multiscale structure-based cell monolayer model and an active constitutive relation are established to characterize this spontaneous curling of the epithelial tissue. It is shown that the asymmetric distribution of Myosin II along the apicobasal axis generates an active moment that drives spontaneous curling of the suspended epithelial tissue. The time-dependent deflection and rotation angle of the active curling are analytically solved, proving that the curling is driven by the active bending moment directly associated with the apicobasal asymmetric contractile force. Moreover, we demonstrate that the rotation angle is proportional to the apicobasal force ratio and inversely proportional to the thickness of epithelial tissues. In addition, we derive an approximate analytical relation between the out-of-plane curling behavior and in-plane stress, highlighting the significant influence of in-plane strain on curling behavior through the active bending moment. This study provides a pathway to elucidate the mechanical mechanism underlying complex morphological development as well as the physiological and pathological phenomena of epithelial tissues.