bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POTENSI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ASAM JAWA MUDA (TAMARINDUS INDICA L) PADA MORTALITAS LARVA NYAMUK AEDES ALBOPICTUS
Authors: Khanifah Farach , Puspitasari Evi , Khulaidah Alfinurin 
Published: September 2023

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang ditularkan melalui vektor sekunder oleh nyamuk Aedes albopictus. Pemberantasan vektor penularan dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan tanaman sebagai larvasida nabati untuk mengatasi resistensi pencemaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak etanol daun asam jawa muda (Tamarindus indica L) yang mampu berpotensi sabagai larvasida pada mortalitas larva nyamuk Aedes albopictus.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksperimental. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu larva Aedes albopictus. sampel diambil di kebun RT 04 RW 02 Desa Mojongapit, sebanyak 90 larva Aedes albopictus dengan teknik purposive sampling. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun asam jawa yang digunakan yaitu 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, dan 80 mg/ml. Masing-masing terdiri dari 30 larva uji dan diamati dalam jangka waktu 4 jam.
Hasil pada penelitian ini diperoleh ekstrak daun asam jawa pada konsentrasi 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, dan 80 mg/ml berpotensi sebagai larvasida dengan presentase mortalitas masing-masing adalah 63,33%, 83,33% dan 93,33%. Kenaikan potensi larvasida meningkat karena jumlah metabolit sekunder semakin banyak dan rendemen yang didapat sebesar 72,91%, masuk dalam kriteria rendemen baik dalam % rendemen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun asam jawa muda mampu berpotensi pada mortalitas larva Aedes albopictus.
BAKTERI PENYEBAB BAKTEREMIA DAN POLA RESISTENSI TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK PADA KULTUR DARAH
Authors: Premandari I G A Ag. Wira Santhi , Abadi Moh. Fairuz , Arwidiana Dewa Putu 
Published: September 2023

Pendahuluan: Bakteremia adalah kondisi ditemukannya bakteri pada aliran darah. Angka kejadian kasus infeksi bakteremia pada anak dilaporkan cukup tinggi, sehingga sangat penting untuk segera melakukan diagnosis bakteremia pada anak-anak. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bakteri penyebab bakteremia dan antibiotik yang paling resisten serta sensitif pada bakteri tersebut. Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan purposive sampling. Data sekunder yang digunakan adalah hasil pemeriksaan kultur darah di Laboratorium Klinik Prodia Denpasar Tahun 2021-2022. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa penyebab bakteremia yaitu Acinetobacter baumanii (23.88%) Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.88%) Escherichia coli (20.90%) Staphylococcus haemolitycus (16.42%) Stapylococcus hominis (14.92%). Antibiotik paling resisten dari Acinetobater baumanii adalah Piperacillin-Tazobaktam dan Ciprofloxacin (68.8%) dan antibiotik yang paling sensitif adalah Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (93.7%). Seluruh (100%) isolat Klebsiella pneumoniae resisten terhadap Ampicilin dan paling sensitive terhadap Ertapenem (100%). Kesimpulan: Dari hasil yang didapat, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Acinetobacter baumanii dan Klebsiella pneumoniae merupakan bakteri yang paling menyebabkan bakteremia dan sebagain besar isolat bakteri telah mengalami Multi Drug Resisten.
Kesiapsiagaan Warga Desa Kwarasan Kecamatan Grogol dalam Menghadapi Bencana Banjir
Authors: Prajayanti Eska Dwi , Susilowati Tri 
Published: September 2023

Bencana banjir merupakan fenomena alam, yang terjadi karena dipicu oleh proses alamiah dan aktivitas manusia yang tidak terkendali dalam mengeksploitasi alam. Dampak bencana banjir yang terjadi di Indonesia antara lain rusaknya infrastruktur, kerugian material dan kehilangan lapangan pekerjaan sampai adanya korban jiwa yang meninggal dunia. Dampak bencana banjir dapat diminimalisir melalui kesiapsiagaan. Pentingnya kesiapsiagaan masyarakat baik disemua kalangan mampu menurunkan resiko kerugian dari bencana banjir.Tujuan: Menganalisa kesiapsiagaan warga Desa Kwarasan Kecamatan Grogol dalam menghadapi bencana banjir. Metode yang digunakan adalah cross sectional sehingga data yang diambil langsung didapatkan waktu bertemu dengan responden. Penelitian ini Memiliki variable bebas yaitu kesiapsiagaan warga dalam menghadapi bencana banjir.Sample pada penelitian ini adalah kepala keluarga dengan jumlah 82 responden. Hasil penelitian mayoritas warga desa Kwarasan Kecamatan Grogol Memiliki pengetahuan tentang kesiapsiagaan dalam kategori baik (97,6%), mayoritas warga siap dengan rencana tanggap darurat sejumlah 70% dan siap dengan peringatan dini sejumlah 76%. Tingkat kesiapsiagaan warga Desa Kwarasan Kecamatan Grogol mayoritas Kesiapsiagaan sangat tinggi (51%). Kesimpulan: Kesiapsiagaan warga Desa kwarasan kecamatan Grogol mayoritas dalam kategori sangat tinggi didukung dengan pengetahuan yang baik serta kesiapan dalam tanggap darurat dan peringatan dini.
Pengaruh Perawatan Wajah terhadap Timbulnya Jerawat pada Akseptor Kontrasasepsi Hormonal
Authors: Isro'aini Any , Permatasari Ratna Dewi 
Published: September 2023

Kontrasepsi hormonal masih menjadi pilihan sebagian akseptor, yang mana dapat menimbulkan efek samping berupa jerawat. pada saaat akseptor mengonsumsi pil kontrasepsi maka akan terjadi peningkatan hormon androgen dan progesteron. Peningkatan androgen menyebakan peningkatan kelenjar sebum, sehingga dapat menimbulkan jerawat. perawatan wajah dalam hubungannya dengan jarawat bisa berada sebagai penyebab, pencegah, maupun pengobatan. penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pembersih wajah dengan tmbulnya jerawat, hubungan pelembab wajah dengan timbulnya jerawat, hubungan pemakaian bedak dengan timbulnya jerawat, dan hubungan pelindung wajah dengan timbulnya jerawat pada akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional dengan rancangan Cross Sectional. Populasinya adalah akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal di BPM. Ratna Rifai Ds. Mlancu Kec. Kandangan Kab. Kediri sejumlah 40 responden, sampel diambil dengan total sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner. Respondennya adalah akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal. Observasi jerawat yang timbul pada wajah dilakukan degan pengamatan dan dokumentasi dengan cara mengambil foto wajah responden. Analisa dilakukan uji hipotesa dengan Bivariate Chi Square untuk melihat hubungannya. Jika tidak memenuhi kriteria uji Chi-Square yaitu nilai Expected Count <5% maka digunakan uji Fisher. Dari uji fisher tidak didapatkan hubungan antara pembersih wajah dengan timbulnya jerawat (p=1,000), pelembab wajah dan timbulnya jerawat (p=1,000), pelindung wajah dengan timbulnya jerawat (p= 1,000) pada akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal. Terdapat hubungan antara pemakaian bedak padat dengan timbulnya jerawat pada akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal (0,033). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara pembersih wajah, pelembab, dan pelindung wajah dengan timbulnya jerawat pada akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal. Terdapat hubungan antara pemakaian bedak padat dengan timbulnya jerawat pada akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal.
Capacity Building for Adolescent Health Cadres Regarding Adolescent Reproductive Health at The Tawangrejo Health Center Madiun City
Authors: Maria Oktaviani  , Suharto Agung , Nur Hanifah Astin , Santosa Wahito Nugroho Heru 
Published: September 2023

Adolescence is a phase of development between childhood and adulthood, lasting between the ages of 12-21 years. Some of the problems faced by adolescent are closely related to reproductive health. Data at the Tawangrejo Health Center for adolescent pregnancy in 2020 were 6 cases, in 2021 were 6 cases, and the first semester of 2022 were 4 cases. The purpose of the study was to determine the increased capacity of adolescent reproductive health pocket book training. The type of research is pre experiment One Group Pre Test - Post Test. The results showed a relationship between the provision of training on adolescent reproductive helath pocket book with increased capacity of adolescent health cadres. The conclusion of this study is that adolescent reproductive health pocket book training is very effective to increase the capacity of adolescent health cadres on adolescent reproductive health.
Frequency and Outcome of Emergency Oculoplastic Cases with Adaptations in Management during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Idris Mohammad , Hassan Bilqis , Yaqoob Hassan , Ul Alam Muhib , Ullah Huzaif 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To determine whether treating emergency oculoplastic conditions with protective modification have any effect on treatment outcome visiting tertiary oculoplastic service.
Study Design: Interventional case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Lady Reading Hospital, from March to September 2020.
Methods: We included all patients operated during pandemic at oculoplastic service. Protective modifications included; use of loupe instead of surgical microscope, avoidance of General Anesthesia, judicial use of cautery, use of absorbable suture and follow up through phone call and minimum visits.
Results: A total of 117 patients were eligible with a mean age of 25.399 ± 34.89 years. Majority of the patients were male, 74 (63.2%). The mean follow-up time was 04 months. Satisfactory surgical and functional outcome was seen in 107 (91.5%) patients. There was no statistically significant difference in outcome with reference to gender (p-value of 0.824) and treatment (p-value of 0.168). Similarly, treatment outcome was statistically insignificant (p value 0.342) in different oculoplastic conditions. Unsatisfactory outcome due to various complications was seen in 10 (8.5%) patients at follow up of 01 to 05 months which were then given special treatment at followup.
Conclusion: With adopted protocols and modifications in techniques, outcome was acceptable in common emergency oculoplastic conditions. Proper follow up through telemedicine was helpful in picking up the complicated cases for timely intervention to get satisfactory outcome during Covid 19 pandemic.
Changes in Ocular Surface and Precorneal Tear Film in Tobacco Smokers
Authors: Jahan Zaib Hafiz Muhammad , Khalid Amina , Khan Ijaz , Nazir Fahmina , Khan Nida Armoghan 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To determine the changes in “ocular surface” and “pre-corneal tear film” in tobacco smokers.
Study Design: Cross sectional, comparative.
Place and Duration of Study: Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from February 2022 to May 2022.
Methods: Eighty four patients (42 smokers and 42 non-smokers) were selected for ocularevaluation. “Ocular surface” and “pre-corneal tear film” were assessed by “tear film break up time (TBUT)”, “Schirmer test”, “corneal punctate staining” and “corneal/conjunctival sensitivity” in both smokers and non-smokers. Chi square test and unpaired t-test were applied and p ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: Meanage of participants was 36.07 ± 5.75 years. There were 76.2% males and 23.8% females. In terms of age and gender, there was no statistically significant difference between smokers and non-smokers. In terms of TBUT (p = 0.000), corneal punctate staining (p = 0.000) and corneal/conjunctival sensitivity (p = 0.000) values were significantly lower in smokers as compared to non-smokers while in terms of “Schirmer test” there was no statistically significant difference between smokers and non-smokers (p-value of 0.827).
Conclusion: Use of cigarettes results in multiple adverse effects in the “ocular surface” and “pre-corneal tear film” including unstable tear film, dry eyes, poor sensitivity of cornea as well as the conjunctiva making their eyes more prone to damage and disease.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of YouTube inControlling Myopia Progression
Authors: Boz Ali Altan Ertan , Kocamış Sücattin İlker 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Myopia control is important because of the increased risk of complications likeretinal detachment, maculopathy, glaucoma and cataract. Nowadays, people can learn about their diseases on the Internet. Due to the fact thatonline health-related informationis not reliable, theevaluation of the reliability of videos is compulsory. We used four scoring systems to evaluatethe effectiveness of myopia control videos on YouTube.
Study Design: Online survey.
Methods: This study included the first 100 YouTube videos that were found after searching for “myopia control” on YouTube.Duration, views, likes, dislikes, and comments were all included in the general video evaluation. Two ophthalmologists independently evaluated the quality of information.The agreement and individual correlations of the data for each video were investigated statistically.
Results: Ninety-two videos were included in the study. The mean scores for DISCERN, JAMA, global quality score and usefulness were 34.22, 2.63, 2.02, and 1.35 respectively.Fifteen times increased outdoor activity and decreased near work, 52 times multifocal spectacles, 53 times multifocal contact lens, 58 times orthokeratology, and 40 times pharmacological agentswere described as the treatment options. There were 31 videos uploaded by physicians and 24 by universities and private hospitals.
Conclusion: YouTube lookslike apoor platform according to the scoring system. Especially increased outdoor activity and decreased near work,whichare very important in patient´seducation, were scarcely described.Healthcare professionals should upload more videos, so that the effectiveness and quality of the videos in this area may improve.
Effects of Intra-cameral Dexamethasone after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification
Authors: Saad Jan  , Muhammad Ali Tahir  , Syed Muhammad Faisal  , Aziz-ur Rehman Arain  , Alyscia Cheema  
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Postoperative inflammation is very common following phacoemulsification. We conducted this study to compare the effectiveness of intra-cameral dexamethasone injection with traditional topical steroids following phacoemulsification.
Study Design: Quasi experimental
Place and Duration of Study: Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, JPMC, Karachi from February 2022 to July 2022.
Methods: A total of 60 patients were divided into two equal groups of 30 each. One group was treated with prophylactic intra-cameral dexamethasone at the end of phacoemulsification and the other group was given Balanced Salt Solution in its place. Both the groups were examined at post-operative day 1 and 7 for following parameters; best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intra-ocular pressures (IOP), anterior chamber cells and flare.
Results: The dexamethasone group showed statistically significant improvement in anterior chamber cells and flare as compared to the placebo group at postoperative day 1 and 7 (p-value of 0.042 and 0.029 respectively for cells; p-value of 0.038 and 0.002 respectively for flare). HoweverBCVA and IOP showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups at postoperative day 1 and 7 (p-value 0.67 and 0.46 respectively for BCVA and 0.22 and 0.08 respectively for IOP).
Conclusion: Intra-cameral dexamethasone is an effective way to control postoperative inflammation following phacoemulsification with reduced anterior chamber cells and flare. However, its effects on BCVA and IOP were comparable to topical steroids.
Differences in Axial Length and Anterior Chamber Depth among Keratoconic, Myopic and Emmetropic Eyes
Authors: Abdu Mustafa , Gammoh Yazan , Abd Alla Hiba 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To report variation of the axial length (AL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) among keratoconic (KC) eyes compared to myopic and emmetropic eyes in an African population sample.
Study Design: Cross sectional observational.
Place and Duration of Study: Al-Faisal Eye Hospital at Khartoum state of Sudanfrom January 2022 to September 2022.
Methods: One-hundred and twenty-four eyes of 62 patients were divided into KC group (n =17, eyes=34), myopic group (n=28, eyes=56), and an age/gender matched emmetropic group (n=17, eyes =34). Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured using ultrasonic pachymeter, AL, ACD and keratometry readings (K-reading) were recorded for each patient using non-contact partial coherence interferometry with an IOL Master.
Results: Mean age of the sample population was 22.27± 6.05 (range; 10 – 40 years). KC patients had the highest spherical equivalent of refraction (SER) (-6.19±3.91 dioptres), highest k-reading (48.98±5.68 dioptres) and the thinnest CCT. Myopic participants had a longer AL compared to other refractive error groups (AL=24.99±2.39, p<0.001). KC patients exhibited a larger ACD in comparison to emmetropes and myopes (ACD=3.6?9±0.26, p<0.001). Among all participants, SER exhibited the highest correlation with AL (r=-0.71, p<0.001) followed by a weaker correlation with ACD (r=-0.26, p=0.003). However, among KC patients, SER exhibited a weaker correlation with AL compared to myopes (r=-0.55, p=0.001), and a higher correlation with ACD compared to myopes (r=-0.38, p=0.03).
Conclusion: ACD and corneal curvature were the most significantly detrimental parameters in KC. KC participants demonstrated a lower correlation between SER and AL and higher correlation between SER and ACD.
VisualAcuity Threshold for CataractsSurgeryat a Tertiary Eye Center in Iraq
Authors: Al-Khafaji Zainab Nadom Hamoodi , Al Salam Mohammed Suhail Najam 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To find out threshold of visual acuity for cataract surgery at a tertiary eye center of Iraq.
Study Design: Descriptive observational.
Place & Duration of Study: Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital during the year 2022.
Methods: It was a retrospective descriptive study in which 6650 patients who complained of visual impairment due to cataract, 30 to 80 years of age and either gender were included.Any intraocular pathology that leads to visual impairment other than cataract and congenital cataract were excluded. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the state of the fellow eye was also determined. Visual impairment was defined as mild; 6/9 - 6/18, moderate; 6/24 - 6/36 and severe visual impairment; 6/60 or less.
Results: Data collected from 6650 cases showed 2625 (39.5%) males and 4025 (60.5%) females. Mild visual impairment was found in 875 (13.15%) patients, moderate was found in 175(2.63%) patients, and severe visual impairment was the most common type in 5250 (78.95%) patients.
Conclusion: Most of the patients with cataract present late with severe impairment of visual acuity which requires national screening program with extra focuson risk groups. Nonetheless, these results are of potential use to planners of cataract screening outreach programs. It could be regarded as a preliminary study for further larger study on a national level to establish a scheme for patients’ diagnosis and referral to cataract surgery to get early diagnosis and shorten the waiting lists.
Corneal Parameters Measurement in Healthy Subjects Using Scheimpflug and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Rattan Suzan Amana 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To compare the central corneal thickness (CCT),minimum corneal thickness (MCT) and corneal power measured using theScheimpflug-Placido device and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in healthy eyes.
Study Design: Descriptive observational.
Place and Duration of Study: Al-Kindy college of medicine/university of Baghdad, from June 2021 to April 2022.
Methods: A total of 200 eyes of 200 individuals were enrolled in this study. CCT and MCT measurements were carried out using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Optovue) and a Scheimpflug-Placido topographer (Sirius).The agreement between the two approaches was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis in this study.
Results: Mean age was 28.54 ± 6.6 years, mean spherical equivalent of refraction was -3.57 ± 3.35 D. Mean CCT by Optovue, and Sirius were534.13 ± 27.88 μm, and 540.2 ± 27.85μm, respectively.Mean CCT differences between them were -6.070± 6.593 μm, (p < 0.05). Minimum thickness by Optovue was 526.79 ± 27.81, and by Sirius was 537.44 ± 27.56, mean difference between the two devices was 10.66 ± 6.89,p= 0.00. The net power by OCT was 43.44 ± 1.456, mean K by Sirius was 43.597 ± 1.408, with p=0.000. Maximum level of agreement between the two devices is -18.99 to 6.85 for CCT, is widest for minimum thickness -24.166 to 2.85 and narrowest for differences between net corneal power by OCT and mean K By Sirius is -0.87 to 1.18.
Conclusion: In clinical practice, the two devices cannot be used interchangeably. CCT and keratometry should be evaluated and followed up using the same device.
Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy of MRW and RNFL in Detection of Glaucoma
Authors: Khan Nazish , Shakir Munira , Wasim Sahira , Azmi Salman , Zafar Shakir 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To compare diagnostic accuracy of Bruch’s membrane opening minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) and Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL) in detection of glaucoma taking cup to disc ratio as gold standard.
Study Design: Descriptive observational.
Place and Duration of Study: Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi from September 2017 to February 2018.
Methods: Total 344 participants including healthy and glaucoma suspect (according to the cup disc ratio or high intra ocular pressure more than 21 mmHg) were included. They were evaluated to compare diagnostic accuracy of MRW and RNFL taking cup to disc ratio as gold standard. Spectral domain OCT was performed. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of MRW and RNFL were calculated keeping cup-disc finding as gold standard.
Results: Mean Cup to Disk Ratio was 0.54 ± 0.10. Total 97.4% cases were diagnosed to have Glaucoma by Cup to Disk Ratio, 84.3% cases were diagnosed with Glaucoma by RNFL and 94.8% cases by MRW. By RNFL, 288 patients were true positive and 7 patients were true negative. Sensitivity, Specificity, and accuracy were 86.0%, 77.8%, and 85.7% respectively. The results showed that by MRW, 324 patients were true positive, and 7 patients were true negative. Sensitivity, Specificity, and accuracy were 96.7%, 77.8%, and 96.2% respectively.
Conclusion: The sensitivity of RNFL for diagnosis of glaucoma is higher than MRW. While the specificity of both RNFL and MRW was similar.
Conjunctival Autograft with Mitomycin C (MMC) in Primary Pterygium Excision
Authors: Shoaib Khawaja Khalid 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To evaluate role of conjunctival Autograft (CAG) with Mitomycin C (MMC) in primary pterygium excision.
Place and Duration of Study: Mughal eye hospital Lahore from 2020 to 2022.
Methods: Patients with primary pterygium were operated. Pterygium excision was followed by Mitomycin C (MMC) 0.02% application for 2 minutes under the conjunctiva at base of the pterygium and this was followed by CAG. Patients were followed up at 1 week, 1 month and 2 months to see recurrence and any side effects of MMC. Google sheets were used for recording data of pterygia.
Results: A total of 385 eyes of 316 patients with primary pterygium were included in the study. There were 209 males and 107 females. Mean age was 35 years (range 26 to 58 years). Follow up ranged from one month to 2 months. Four eyes (1%) had recurrence. It was noted that blood vessels of recurrent pterygium grew above or below the conjunctival graft on the side which was short. No complication of MMC was observed. There were 2 cases of graft dehiscence due to early breakdown of sutures.
Conclusion: Recurrence after pterygium excision can be reduced to minimum by application of MMC with CAG and it is a safe procedure. Recurrence mostly encroaches on the cornea from above or below the conjunctival graft. A large conjunctival graft is thus necessary to cover the pterygium area and prevent recurrence. MMC is safe. Suturing the conjunctival graft provides minimum chances of graft loss.