bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Karyotyping: Basics and Application in Forestry
Authors: Mahato Rekha , Gyani Prem Chand , Gayan Priyasa , Prajapat Rakesh Kumar , Pakhira Rishita , Maity Akash , Yadav Pooja 
Published: February 2025

Karyotyping is the method of assessing an organism's chromosomal number and structure, is essential for comprehending the genetic composition of species, especially those used in forestry. This method provides important insights into the genetic diversity, evolution, breeding, and conservation of trees and other forest species by examining their chromosomal features. Karyotypes explain how many chromosomes each organism has and how they appear under a light microscope. Length of the chromosome, centromere location, banding pattern, sex-chromosome variations, and other physical traits can also be determined by karyotyping. At traditional level, by using light microscope, we can study chromosomes but to generate chromosomal data, sophisticated methods like fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in-situ hybridization (GISH) can be employed. From taxonomical classification to identify different types of abnormalities, karyotyping is important. There is a lack of study related to karyotyping in forestry species. This study summarizes the basics of karyotyping and the work related to it, has been done in forestry species. This review article deals with the importance of karyotyping such as how they contribute to the conservation biology of the forestry species, how it helps in the development of taxonomical identification marker and identification in different types of chromosomal abnormalities. It also covers how karyotyping can be done. From traditional methods i.e use of microscopes to the merge of different recent developments in the area of karyotyping helps not only in enrichment of cytogenetics data but also substitute the genomics and transcriptomics in the area of genetic diversity studies. Basics of karyotyping, different types of banding techniques, protocols of some of the techniques, its methodological developments, and its various applications in forestry have also been discussed in this review. Application of karyotyping in different forestry species is limited. With the advancement of imaging techniques and other genetic tools, biodiversity and forests can be managed sustainably.
Actitud hacia la matemática en estudiantes de secundaria: Un estudio en una institución educativa de Rioja, Perú
Authors: Alva Celis Oscar Wilmer 
Published: February 2025

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es determinar si existe diferencia en la actitud hacia la Matemática en los estudiantes de primer y cuarto grado de secundaria de una I.E. de Rioja 2024. Para afrontar la reducción de brechas de aprendizaje. El enfoque que se utilizó es cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo correlacional. Las muestras fueron iguales a las poblaciones, una de 208 estudiantes y la otra de 142, de primer y cuarto grado respectivamente. Como estadístico de prueba se utilizó la U de Mann-Whitney, la cual fue calculada mediante SPSS V-27. El instrumento utilizado fue el cuestionario, el cual se aplicó mediante la encuesta. Como resultado, se tiene que, a medida que los estudiantes avanzan de grado, disminuye el nivel o tipo de actitud positiva hacia la matemática. Y que los aspectos más relevantes, en ambos grupos con actitud positiva, son: la utilidad, la motivación y la confianza. Se concluye que existe una diferencia significativa en la actitud hacia la matemática en los estudiantes de primer y cuarto grado de secundaria, tanto en hombres como en mujeres.
Birds, Birds, Birds: A Comparative Study of Medieval Persian and English Poetry, especially Attar’s Conference of Birds, The Owl and the Nightingale, Chaucer’s The Parliament of Fowls and The Canterbury Tales
Authors: Baeten Somayeh 
Published: February 2025

Somayeh Baeten, née Shafiei, is a German citizen born in Tehran in 1981. She was raised in a caring Persian family with her beloved mom, Soosan, who inspired and supported her devotedly through all stages of life, to whom this book is devoted. After finishing school, Somayeh as a talented student, finished her Bachelors and Masters in English Language and Literature in her hometown. She came later to Germany to continue her studies and received her Dr. Phil. (Ph.D.) in English Linguistics and Medieval Literature from Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. In Munich, she got to know her dear husband, Andre, and later gave birth to her lovely daughter, Niki.

Since 2005, she has been teaching classes in English Linguistics and Literature at universities in both her hometown, Tehran, and Munich. Moreover, she has experienced Establishing and Organizing EFL Learning Centres at Universities in her hometown. Being motivated in her academic life and interested in both Persian and English literature, reading literary books, lecturing, translating and travelling around the world, she got a deep understanding and knowledge of literature to write the present book: “Birds, Birds, Birds: A Comparative Study of Medieval Persian and English Poetry, especially Attar’s Conference of Birds, The Owl and the Nightingale, Chaucer’s The Parliament of Fowls and The Canterbury Tales”, in which she compares these medieval literary masterpieces of the East and the West.

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English and Beyond - Band 11
Transitivising Mechanisms in Old English
Authors: Narbona Esaúl Ruiz 
Published: February 2025

Based on the surviving Old English textual material, as well as on Old English dictionaries and the relevant literature, this work studies the role of preverbs (eg. Byrnan, ābyrnan, forbyrnan, gebyrnan, onbyrnan) as a transitivising mechanism under the scope of the Cardinal Transitivity approach. Focus is laid on Old English morphological causative pairs that show signs of lability, i.e. verbs that can function transitively or intransitively with no morphological marking. This work has two main objectives. On the one hand, to examine to what extent preverbs may influence the valence of verbs that are ambivalent from the point of view of their valence as well as to shed light on the effects preverbs may have on other parameters of transitivity such as telicity or affectedness. On the other hand, this book also explores a rather neglected topic so far: the interaction of preverbs and the Germanic morphological causative marker -jan as transitivising mechanisms in Old English.

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English and Beyond - Band 12
Fiskalentstrickung als Strukturproblem im Binnenmarkt
Authors: Seufer Ramona 
Published: February 2025

Entstrickung ohne Realisation durchbricht das ertragsteuerlich immanente Prinzip der Besteuerung realisierter Gewinne. Als Phänomen der Ertragsbesteuerung wird Entstrickung auf Ebene des Binnenmarktes zum Strukturproblem. Transnationale Entstrickung ist Fiskalentstrickung, in Abgrenzung zu nationaler, systembedingter Entstrickung. Der nationalstaatliche Fiskus sieht Steuersubstrat abwandern und seinen Besteuerungszugriff gefährdet, sobald das Wirtschaftsgut aus der Staatenzugehörigkeit herausbricht. Transnationale Binnenmarktbewegungen erfordern die Auseinandersetzung mit Unionsrecht und mit einer Grundspannung zwischen Grundfreiheitsrechten und nationalstaatlicher Autonomie. Entstrickung stellt insbesondere im derzeitigen Entwicklungsrahmen der Europäischen Union eine Kontroverse dar. Die Entstrickungsbesteuerung, die aufgrund eines Fiskuswechsels ausgelöst wird, zeigt sich als Strukturproblem einer Marktordnung, die das Recht auf Bewegungsfreiheit garantiert, zuweilen aber nicht umzusetzen vermag. Die Regelungen im deutschen Steuergesetz münden zudem in vielfältigen Kontroversen, was zur systematischen Aufarbeitung von Erfordernis, Umsetzung und Auswirkung von Entstrickung anleitet sowie zu der Frage, wie sich die deutsche Entstrickungsbesteuerung in den europarechtlichen Gesamtkontext fügt.

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Neue Juristische Beiträge - Band 131
Grenzbeschlagnahme und Piraterie in Deutschland und Brasilien unter Berücksichtigung des Transits von Markenwaren
Authors: Bhering Philippe 
Published: February 2025

Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit einer Thematik, die mit zu den kontroversesten Debatten auf dem Gebiet des deutschen und europäischen Markenrechts in den letzten Jahren geführt hat: mit der Möglichkeit der Beschlagnahme von Pirateriewaren durch die Zollbehörden des Transitlands.

In einer zunehmend globalisierten Welt mit ihrer immer enger vernetzten Wirtschaft hat der internationale Handel mit Waren im Transitverkehr, und somit auch der von Pirateriewaren, einen beachtlichen Aufschwung erlebt. Um die Piraterie an breiter Front und wirksam bekämpfen zu können, erwies es sich als notwendig, Mechanismen einzuführen, welche die Beschlagnahme von Pirateriewaren auch im Transitland ermöglichen, um auf diese Weise ihr Inverkehrbringen mittels irgendeines Täuschungsmanövers in den Wirtschaftskreislauf des Transitlands bzw. in den des Bestimmungslands zu verhindern.

Vor diesem Hintergrund bestand das Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation darin, die von den europäischen Gesetzgebern zu diesem Thema gefundene normative Lösung näher zu untersuchen, um ihre Vereinbarkeit mit dem internationalen Recht, insbesondere mit Art. V Abs. 2 GATT und mit dem Prinzip der Transitfreiheit, zu prüfen. Ausgehend von dieser Untersuchung wird im Verlauf der Studie eine neue Lösung für die Problematik vorgeschlagen.

Ein weiteres Ziel der Arbeit bestand darin, die Rechtslage bezüglich des Transits von Pirateriewaren in Brasilien zu analysieren. Vor dem Hintergrund der deutschen bzw. europäischen Erfahrungen wird schließlich eine gesetzliche Regelung der Problematik in Brasilien gemäß einem ausformulierten Vorschlag de lege ferenda postuliert.

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Rechtswissenschaftliche Forschung und Entwicklung - Band 848
Private-Equity-Investments im Gesundheitssektor
Authors: List Tobias Jürgen Werner 
Published: February 2025

Die ambulante zahnärztliche Versorgung war lange vom „Idealtypus“ des selbstständig tätigen Zahnarztes in eigener Praxis geprägt, der in eigener wirtschaftlicher Verantwortung seine Praxis führte. Mit der Einführung der Kooperations- und Organisationsform des Medizinischen Versorgungszentrums (MVZ) im Jahre 2004 veränderte sich dieses Leitbild zunehmend. Seitdem haben auch institutionelle Leistungserbringer die Möglichkeit, an der ambulanten zahnärztlichen Versorgung teilzunehmen. Gleichzeitig öffnete sich damit der ambulante Gesundheitsmarkt auch für versorgungsfremde Investoren.

Diese vom Gesetzgeber selbst angestoßene Entwicklung versuchte dieser fortan durch verschiedene Gesetzesänderungen zu beschränken. Mit dem Terminservice- und Versorgungsgesetz und der Neuregelung in § 95 Abs. 1b SGB V wurde insofern ein weiterer Versuch unternommen, versorgungsfremde Investoren vom vertragszahnärztlichen Markt fernzuhalten.

Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich vor dem Hintergrund des Medizin- und Verfassungsrechts der auch in der Praxis relevanten Frage, ob diese (neu) eingeführten Einschränkungen verfassungskonform sind und gibt einen Ausblick auf die Unionskonformität der Regelung.

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Neue Juristische Beiträge - Band 141
La relació￳n de las distorsiones cognitivas y la disfunción sexual femenina
Authors: Valenzuela Urrea Gema Estefanía , Salcido Cibrián Liliana Jazmín , Apodaca Armenta Rosario Eduardo 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To establish the influence of cognitive distortions on female sexual dysfunction in nurses, as well as to identify the predominant relationship between the type of cognitive distortion with female sexual dysfunction.
Methods: The design was descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional, in 184 nurses.
selected by multistage clusters. Two instruments with acceptable reliability were used: the Female Sexual Function Index and the Automatic Thoughts Instrument. The analysis was based on descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov Smirnov test with Lilliefors correction, Spearman's coefficient of determination and Multiple Linear Regression models.
Results: The results showed positive correlations, for desire with interpretation of thought (p <.05) and desire with guilt (p <.05), on the other hand, arousal was correlated with polarized thought (p <.05). In the multiple linear regression model, the significant predictors of female sexual dysfunctions were filtering (β= -.346, p <.05), polarized thinking (β= .341, p <.05), and fallacy of change (β= -.307, p<.05).
Conclusion: the findings are relevant to the discipline of nursing, since the approach to the variables will allow promoting future interventions that will help to understand the sexuality of this population group.
Objetivo Conocer la influencia de las distorsiones cognitivas en la disfunción sexual en las enfermeras.
Métodos: El diseño fue descriptivo, correlacional y transversal en 184 enfermeras seleccionadas por muestreo por conglomerados polietápico. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos con confiabilidad aceptable, el Índice de Función Sexual Femenino y el Instrumento de Pensamientos Automáticos. El análisis se basó en estadística descriptiva, el estadístico de coeficiente de correlación de Spearman y modelos de Regresión Lineal Múltiple.
Resultados: Los resultados arrojaron correlaciones positivas, para deseo con interpretación del pensamiento (p < .05) y deseo con culpabilidad (p < .05), la excitación se correlacionó con pensamiento polarizado (p < .05). En el modelo de regresión lineal múltiple, los factores predictivos significativos de las disfunciones sexuales femeninas fueron: filtraje (β= -.346, p <.05), pensamiento polarizado (β= .341, p < .05), y falacia de cambio (β= -.307, p <.05).
Conclusión: Se encontró una relación entre las distorsiones cognitivas y las disfunciones sexuales. Esto indica que las enfermera al presentar distorsiones cognitivas su ciclo de respuesta sexual puede verse afectado. Así mismo, esto puede limitar la capacidad de las enfermeras para prevenir, promover y abordar temas y problemas relacionados con la sexualidad femenina.
Simulasi Sistem Produksi Dan Penerapan Sistem Produksi Hybrid Push/Pull: Studi Kasus PT. Moreen JBBK
Authors: Muhammad Harrtyan , Kusumastuti Ratih Dyah 
Published: February 2025

Latar belakang: Penelitian ini membahas mengenai dampak penerapan sistem hybrid push/pull pada perusahaan produsen komponen otomotif yang menggunakan sistem produksi push pada proses produksinya. Hasil dari penelitian banyak ahli menunjukan bahwa dengan penetapan sistem produksi hybrid perusahaan bisa mendapatkan keuntungan dari dua tipe produksi yaitu sistem produksi push dan juga pull, serta dapat mengurangi kelemahan dari masing-masing sistem. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan manfaat terhadap perbaikan sistem produksi dan menjadi pertimbangan terhadap perusahaan dalam optimalisasi terhadap proses produksinya. Perusahaan yang dijadikan objek penelitian adalah PT. Moreen JBBK, produsen komponen otomotif yang berlokasi di Jababeka, Cikarang, Jawa Barat. Metode: Analisis sistem produksi dan juga penerapan sistem produksi hybrid push/pull pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan dengan metode simulasi discrete event dengan menggunakan software simulasi Arena. Temuan: Teknik analisis statistik yang digunakan untuk pengujian hipotesis adalah Korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketangkasan belajar berkorelasi positif dengan perilaku kerja inovatif, r(537) = 0,61, p < 0,001. Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan oleh universitas dalam mengembangkan program yang dapat membantu mengasah kemampuan learning agility sehingga meningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam berinovasi.
Evaluasi kebijakan pada penerimaan negara bukan pajak (PNBP) pasca produksi: studi pembangunan sektor perikanan tangkap berbasis blue economy di Indonesia
Authors: Arkan Muhammad Farrel , Rosdiana Haula 
Published: February 2025

Pendahuluan: Sehubungan dengan visi pembangunan sektor perikanan tangkap berbasis blue economy, pemerintah mengatur kebijakan Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak Pungutan Hasil Perikanan (PNBP PHP). Berdasarkan PP 85/2021, titik pungutan PNBP PHP tersebut digeser dari yang sebelumnya berada di saat mengajukan perizinan berlayar (PNBP Pra Produksi), menjadi berada di saat mendaratkan ikan hasil tangkapan (PNBP Pasca Produksi). Kebijakan ini merupakan transformasi substansial dalam lanskap kebijakan fiskal di Indonesia dan memicu perdebatan sejak dilaksanakan 1 Januari 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan PNBP Pasca Produksi dengan menggunakan tiga kriteria evaluasi kebijakan dari Dunn, yaitu efektivitas, efisiensi, dan keadilan. Metode: Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah post-positivist dengan teknik pengumpulan data secara kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan studi kepustakaan. Temuan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan PNBP Pasca Produksi memberikan keuntungan bagi wajib bayar dan fiskus karena PNBP dipungut atas berat ikan hasil tangkapan riil, bukan atas perkiraan sebagaimana diatur PNBP Pra Produksi. Namun, secara keseluruhan kebijakan ini belum memenuhi kriteria efektivitas, efisiensi, dan keadilan. Dari kriteria efektivitas, kebijakan ini belum efektif mencapai tujuan yang ditetapkan. Dari kriteria efisiensi, kebijakan ini memberatkan wajib bayar dan fiskus dari segi direct money costs, time costs, maupun psychological costs. Dari kriteria keadilan, kebijakan ini memenuhi benefit receive principle, tetapi indeks tarif belum memenuhi prinsip nondiskriminasi karena adanya pembedaan tarif antar ukuran kapal yang sudah tidak relevan. Untuk dapat mendukung pembangunan sektor perikanan tangkap berbasis blue economy, kebijakan PNBP Pasca Produksi setidaknya harus memenuhi ketiga kriteria tersebut. Kesimpulam: Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menyarankan adopsi teknologi di setiap pelabuhan yang dapat memenuhi kriteria efektivitas serta efisiensi kebijakan. Selain itu diperlukan reformulasi indeks tarif agar memenuhi kriteria keadilan.
Boosting Performance of SVM in Koi Classification Using Direct Methods-Based Optimization
Authors: Arkananta Muhammad Hafizh , Fawwaz Al Maki Wikky 
Published: February 2025

Many koi fish enthusiasts keep or buy them just for their attractive colors without knowing what type of koi fish they are. The manual classification of koi fish species is still frequently incorrect. As a result, it is critical to apply a machine learning technique to identify various koi fish species. This research implemented a computer vision algorithm to classify koi fish species using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) as the classifier. However, the maximum accuracy SVM can achieve in our koi fish classification system is 79%. To achieve better performance, the SVM was optimized by applying various optimization methods from the Direct Method group, i.e., the Generalized Pattern Search (GPS), the Powell method, and the Nelder-Mead method. Three optimization methods from the Direct Method group have successfully improved the performance of SVM in this task. Experimental results demonstrated that using the Generalized Pattern Search (GPS) in our classification system can increase the accuracy to 98%. Also, implementing the Powell and the Nelder-Mead method can make the koi classification system obtain a better accuracy of 99%. These results indicate that the proposed approach is a viable solution to overcome the limitations of the SVM algorithm.
Mixed Learning Models and IoT Devices: Effectively Increasing Competence and Training Independent Learning Students in Unnormal Situations
Authors: Purba Ramen Antonov , Simarmata Janner , Limbong Tonni , Damanik Romanus 
Published: February 2025

Abnormal situations often occur, such as natural disasters and COVID-19. Educational institutions struggle to regulate learning. The web programming course aims to shape students into website programmers. Independence in learning is needed so that competence is obtained. Students are not enough to rely on learning from the lecturer. This study aims to analyze the combination of the Inquiry-Based Learning model with IoT devices based on Android mobile. As a supporter, an application is built with a mobile programming language. This type of research is quasi-experimental. Calculations using SPSS 23.0. An experimental class learns to use the Inquiry-Based Learning model with IoT devices, and a control class learns with various media. The research subjects were 60 students of Information Management. The study found differences in students' competence and learning independence in those who learned to use the inquiry-based learning model with IoT devices compared to those who studied with various media. The test results showed a higher increase in the experimental class. The experimental class's value is 14.40 for a gain of 7.5. The sig. value is .000, and the average gain is .83. Control class score is 11.87, an increase of 5.1, sig. value is .000, and the average gain is .53. Applying the inquiry-based learning model with IoT devices has also proven to be effective as a model and learning media in abnormal situations and reinforced by the average gain of the experimental class, which is greater than the control class. Future research could use different methods to determine what methods are most effective.
Enhancing Contactless Respiratory Rate Measurement Accuracy: Integration of 24GHz FMCW Radar and XGBoost Machine Learning
Authors: Arisandy - , Erfianto Bayu , Setyorini - 
Published: February 2025

Advancements in non-contact vital sign monitoring are crucial for enhancing patient measurements' accuracy and overall patient experiences. This research explores the integration of 24GHz Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radar with the XGBoost machine learning algorithm to improve the detection of respiratory rate (RR). This innovative approach offers a promising alternative to traditional contact-based methods. The study utilizes FMCW radar to detect respiratory motion, while signal patterns are analyzed using XGBoost to ensure accuracy across various healthcare environments. The method involves collecting signals, pre-processing to remove noise and irrelevant data, and extracting features to be analyzed by the XGBoost algorithm. The collected dataset, which includes controlled and randomized respiratory rates from a diverse subject pool, establishes a solid basis for the algorithm's training and validation, ensuring extensive adaptability and precision. Empirical results show that XGBoost surpasses other machine learning models' accuracy and reliability. Importantly, this method significantly reduces error margins compared to established benchmarks, leading to substantial improvements in RR measurement. The implications of this study are wide-ranging, indicating that such a system could significantly enhance patient care standards by providing continuous, accurate, and non-intrusive monitoring, especially in settings where traditional methods are impractical or uncomfortable. Future research should aim to refine the system's real-world applicability, assess long-term reliability, and optimize the technology for integration into existing healthcare frameworks, thereby further transforming the landscape of patient monitoring technologies.