bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet Toll-like receptor expression modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced thrombocytopenia and tumor necrosis factor-α production in vivo
Authors: Aslam Rukhsana , Speck Edwin R. , Kim Michael , Crow Andrew R. , Bang K. W. Annie , Nestel Frederick P. , Ni Heyu , Lazarus Alan H. , Freedman John , Semple John W. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractToll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in stimulating innate immunity by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on invading microorganisms. Platelets also play a role in innate immunity, and we studied whether they express TLR. Results show that human and murine platelets variably expressed TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 by flow cytometry and Western blotting. TLR4 expression was confirmed by demonstrating murine platelet binding to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thrombin activation of the platelets significantly enhanced the expression of TLR9, suggesting that at least some TLRs may derive from intracellular compartments. When LPS was administered to LPS-sensitive C3H/HeN and LPS-resistant C3H/HeJ mice, functional TLR4 expression in vivo was shown to be responsible for LPS-induced thrombocytopenia. However, when the C3H/HeN mice were first rendered thrombocytopenic by an antiplatelet antibody and then administered LPS, a significant reduction occurred in their ability to produce TNF-α. The decreased cytokine production in the thrombocytopenic mice was restored with platelet transfusion. These results suggest that platelets express various TLRs and that the functional significance of one of these, TLR4, appears to be a role in the modulation of LPS-induced thrombocytopenia and TNF-α production. This work implicates platelets as important mediators of innate immune responses against invading microorganisms.
The Concentration of Krypton in the Atmosphere—Its Revision after Half a Century—
Authors: Aoki Nobuyuki , Makide Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
During our attempt of the precise determination of trace gases in the atmosphere by using atmospheric krypton (Kr) as an internal standard, we noticed that the atmospheric Kr concentration of 1.14 ± 0.01 ppmv which had been quoted through half a century was different from the observation. The Kr concentration we obtained with three step concentration followed by GC/MS measurement was 1.099 ± 0.009 ppmv, about 4% lower than the currently used value.
Membrane Fluidity of Egg Yolk Phosphatidylcholine/Detergent Mixed Aggregates Studied by Spin Label Method
Authors: Viriyaroj Amornrat , Kashiwagi Hiroshi , Ueno Masaharu 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Anisotropic electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of 5-doxylstearic acid and small membrane fluidity of hydrocarbon chains of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EggPC)/sodium taurocholate mixed micelles suggested considerably ordered arrangement of the hydrocarbon chains, while isotropic ESR spectra and relatively large fluidity of EggPC/octylglucoside mixed micelles indicated rather disordered arrangement of hydrocarbon chains of EggPC.
Preparation and Characterization of Organic–Inorganic Layered Nanohybrid, Hydroxyl Double Salts (HDSs)—Isomer Separation via Preferential Intercalation into Layered Framework
Authors: Tan Boon Hooi , Tagaya Hideyuki 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
A novel attempt in exploring the isomer separation capability of Hydroxyl Double Salts (HDSs), layered nanohybrids is conducted via competitive intercalation. Typical Zn HDS and new formulated Ni/Zn type HDSs demonstrated unique but reverse intercalation preference towards an equal mole isomeric mixture solution of 1-naphthoate and 2-naphthoate anions solution. The research successfully exemplified the feasibility of controlling the intercalation chemistry of HDSs by formulating their metal composition.
Synthesis of Dimethyl-substituted BDH-TTP Derivative DMDH-TTP as a Diastereomeric Mixture, and the Formation of Metallic Salts Involving Only meso-DMDH-TTP
Authors: Yamada Jun-ichi , Song Hua , Akutsu Hiroki , Nakatsuji Shin’ichi , Kikuchi Koichi 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
The synthesis of DMDH-TTP [2-(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-5-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene] as a mixture of meso- and trans-forms has been accomplished, electrocrystallization of which with n-Bu4NX (X = AsF6 and BF4) provides single crystals of the metallic AsF6 and BF4 salts incorporating only meso-DMDH-TTP as donor components.
Intercalation of Tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) into a Layered Perovskite Derived from Aurivillius Phase Bi2SrTa2O9
Authors: Tong Zhiwei , Takagi Shinsuke , Shimada Tetsuya , Tachibana Hiroshi , Inoue Haruo 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Intercalation of tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), Ru(bpy)32+, into a layered perovskite derived from Aurivillius phase Bi2SrTa2O9 was successfully achieved by a guest ion-exchange method using n-C6H13NH3+–SrTa2O7 hybrid compound as an intermediate. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the structure of the perovskite-like slabs in Bi2SrTa2O9 was retained after the intercalation reactions. Ru(bpy)32+ shows pronounced spectral red shifts in both its absorption and emission spectra (relative to those in water) when it is incorporated into the perovskite-like slabs.
High-yield Synthesis of Nickel Flowers from Nickel Hydroxide Precursor
Authors: Ni Xiaomin , Zhao Qingbiao , Cheng Jing , Zheng Huagui , Li Beibei , Zhang Dongen 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
High-yield synthesis of a new type of flowerlike nickel nanostructure was reported. The method involved the growth of β-Ni(OH)2 flowers from the alkali solution of Ni(dmg)2 (nickel dimethylglyoximate), followed by reduction in hydrogen atmosphere at 450 °C for 1 h. Compared with that of bulk nickel, thus-prepared nickel flowers showed a much enhanced coercivity.
Highly Luminescent CdTe Nanocrystal–Polymer Composites Based on Ionic Liquid
Authors: Nakashima Takuya , Sakakibara Toshihiro , Kawai Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Water-soluble CdTe nanocrystals passivated with thiocholine bromide are efficiently incorporated into an acrylate-functionalized ionic liquid with the enhancement of photoluminescence, which gives an optically clear and highly luminescent polymer composite by polymerization of the ionic liquid.
3D Nanoarchitecture from Ultrathin Titania Film via Surface Sol–Gel Process and Photolithography
Authors: Fujikawa Shigenori , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
We demonstrated the fabrication of 3D nano-architectures composed of ultrathin TiO2-gel (titania) layers. Titania films with a thickness of a few tens nanometers are prepared on lithographically-fabricated line and hole patterns by the surface sol–gel process. Oxygen plasma treatment is employed to remove the template moiety, and gives positive replicas of the template structures.
Synthesis of 1H-Inden-1-ol Derivatives via Rhodium-catalyzed Annulation of o-Acylphenylboronic Acids with Alkynes
Authors: Matsuda Takanori , Makino Masaomi , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
A rhodium-catalyzed annulation reaction of o-formylphenylboronic acid with alkynes occurred regioselectively at room temperature to give substituted 1H-inden-1-ol derivatives. o-Acetylphenylboronic acid also underwent the annulation reaction at 80 °C to afford 1-methyl-1H-inden-1-ols.
Intramolecular Excited Energy Transfer from Phenanthroline Fluorophore to Pr(III) in a Metal Complex
Authors: Hasegawa Miki , Ishii Ayumi , Yamazaki Tomoko , Kishi Shinobu , Yamazaki Iwao 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
From the measurement of the picosecond time-resolved luminescence spectra of a Pr(III) complex with phenanthroline in the solid state, an intramolecular energy-transfer mechanism from the ligand to the center metal has been discussed. The rate constant of the energy transfer can be estimated as 3.3 × 109 s−1, and it is necessary the excited triplet state of the ligand and a singlet of the metal ion to pass the energy transfer.
A Simple Route to Form Straw-like Carbon Microbundles
Authors: Xiao Yong , Liu Yingliang , Mi Yuanzhu , Yuan Dingsheng , Zhang Jingxian , Cheng Liqiang 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Novel straw-like carbon microbundles (CMBS) were obtained by simple solvothermal route at 500 °C for 48 h. In this process, magnesium acetate and polyethylene glycol may play an important role in determining the straw-like morphology. The products were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. Those CMBS have diameter in the range of 0.8–1 μm and lengths up to tens of micrometers. This provides a simple preparation method and technology of carbonaceous materials with different morphology and size.
A Highly Active Ir/WO3 Catalyst for the Selective Reduction of NO by CO in the Presence of O2 or O2 + SO2
Authors: Shimokawabe Masahide , Niitsu Mihiro , Inomata Hironori , Iwasa Nobuhiro , Arai Masahiko 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Ir/WO3 catalyst is highly active for the reduction of NO by CO even in the presence of either O2 or O2 + SO2. However, the activity of Ir/WO3 is fairly lowered by the presence of SO2 alone. It is believed that the active sites lose their activity by the adsorption of SO2 but O2 promotes the desorption of SO2 from these sites as suggested by TPD, thus the negative effect of SO2 being suppressed by the coexistence of O2.
Fabrication of Single-crystalline MoO3 Nanobelts by Using Carbons
Authors: Ogihara Hitoshi , Takenaka Sakae , Yamanaka Ichiro , Tanabe Eishi , Genseki Akira , Otsuka Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Single-crystalline MoO3 nanobelts were formed by calcination of physical mixtures of carbon nanofibers and H3(PMo12O40) under air at 873 K. In contrast, single-crystalline MoO3 with long wire structure were formed by calcination of physical mixtures of carbon nanofibers and H4[Si(Mo3O10)4].
K2PtCl4/AgOTf as a Highly Active Catalyst for Hydroarylation of Propiolic Acids with Arenes
Authors: Oyamada Juzo , Kitamura Tsugio 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
A new and efficient K2PtCl4/AgOTf catalyst for the hydroarylation of propiolic acid was found. The hydroarylation of propiolic acids gave predominantly (Z)-cinnamic acid derivatives in high yields. The K2PtCl4/AgOTf catalyst showed a high activity to less reactive benzene.
Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)/Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Authors: Lequin Rudolf M 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis brief note addresses the historical background of the invention of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These assays were developed independently and simultaneously by the research group of Peter Perlmann and Eva Engvall at Stockholm University in Sweden and by the research group of Anton Schuurs and Bauke van Weemen in The Netherlands. Today, fully automated instruments in medical laboratories around the world use the immunoassay principle with an enzyme as the reporter label for routine measurements of innumerable analytes in patient samples. The impact of EIA/ELISA is reflected in the overwhelmingly large number of times it has appeared as a keyword in the literature since the 1970s. Clinicians and their patients, medical laboratories, in vitro diagnostics manufacturers, and worldwide healthcare systems owe much to these four inventors.
Solubility of amorphous Th(IV) hydroxide – application of LIBD to determine the solubility product and EXAFS for aqueous speciation
Authors: Neck Volker , Müller R. , Bouby M. , Altmaier M. , Rothe J. , Denecke Melissa A. , Kim Jae-Il 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe solubility of amorphous Th(IV) hydroxide at pH 3.0–13.5 and the aqueous speciation at pH < 4 are investigated in 0.5 M NaCl and 25 °C. The laser-induced breakdown detection (LIBD) is used to monitor the initial formation of thorium hydroxide colloids during the coulometric titration of 1.2×10−2−1.0×10−5M thorium solutions in the pH range of 2.7–4.5. The accurate solubility limit determined by this method is comparable with data measured from undersaturation with an X-ray amorphous solid precipitated at higher pH and dried at room temperature. Based on hydrolysis constants selected from the literature, the solubility product of Th(OH)4(am) in 0.5 M NaCl is calculated to be log K′sp= −44.48 ± 0.24 and log K°sp= −47.8 ± 0.3 (converted toI=0 with the SIT coefficients of the NEA-TDB).In other solubility studies with amorphous Th(IV) hydroxide or hydrous oxide, considerably higher thorium concentrations are measured at pH 3.5–5. Therefore, solutions of comparable H+and thorium concentrations are prepared by careful coulometric titration and examined by ultrafiltration, LIBD and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. These measurements demonstrate the presence of a large amount of small Th(IV) colloids. The ThL3edge EXAFS spectra of these colloidal suspensions are similar to that of the amorphous solid.
The reduction of U(VI) on corroded iron under anoxic conditions
Authors: Cui Daqing , Spahiu Kastriot 
Published: September 2005

Summary
The corrosion of iron and the interaction between corroded iron and U(VI) in anoxic conditions were investigated. The anoxic conditions were obtained by flushing an 99.97% Ar-0.03% CO2 gas mixture through the test vessel, in which an oxygen trap and six reaction bottles containing synthetic groundwater (10 mM NaCl and 2 mM HCO3
−.) were placed. The dark-green coloured corrosion product, formed on iron surface after three months corrosion in synthetic groundwater solutions, was identified by powder X-ray diffraction to be carbonate green rust, Fe4
IIFe2
III(OH)12CO3. The iron foil that reacted in a solution (10 ppm U(VI), 10 mM NaCl and 2 mM HCO3
−) for three months was analysed by SEM-EDS. The result shows that: (i) an uneven layer of carbonate green rust (1-5 µm thick) formed on the metallic iron; (ii) a thin (0.3 µm) uranium-rich layer deposited on top of the carbonate green rust layer; and (iii) some UO2 crystals (3-5 µm sized) on the thin uranium layer. The experimental results proved that the U(VI) removal capacity of metal iron is not hindered by formation of a layer of carbonate green rust on the iron. Tests with cast iron and pure iron indicate that they have similar U(VI) removal capacities. At the end of experiment, U concentrations in solution approached the solubility of UO2(s), 10−8 M. The stability of the carbonate green rust at the experimental conditions, pH, Eh, [Fe2+] and [HCO3
−], is discussed.
New selenium solution speciation method by ion chromatography + gamma counting and its application to FeS2-controlled reducing conditions
Authors: Bruggeman C. , Vancluysen J. , Maes A. 
Published: September 2005

Summary
Selenium is a redox sensitive element. In reducing conditions its solubility is controlled by the formation of metallic Se and in the presence of Fe2+ also by the precipitation of FeSe or FeSe2. However very few data concerning this species in geochemical reducing environments is found in literature, particularly due to insufficient measuring methods.
The assessment to what extent 79Se is a critical radionuclide for the geological disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste, depends on its actual speciation in storage conditions. Therefore a new method based on ion chromatography of radiolabelled 75Se solutions followed by gamma-ray counting was developed to accurately measure selenium species with different degrees of oxidation (selenate (SeO4
2−) and selenite (SeO3
2−)) in solution.
This method was then tested in laboratory conditions which mimic the reducing environment in Boom Clay. Different amounts of ground pyrite (< 125 µm) were contacted with Synthetic Boom Clay Water (essentially 10−2 M NaHCO3) and spiked with different amounts of 75SeO3
2− and SeO4
2−. The batches were allowed to equilibrate over different time periods (up to two months) before analysing. The experiments were carried out in an oxygen-depleted glove box (99.6% N2, 0.4% CO2).
The kinetics of the redox reactions in the pyrite systems prevented the complete reduction of selenite (SeO3
2−) and especially selenate (SeO4
2−) on a limited time scale, probably due to the limited redox capacity of the studied systems.
Complexation studies of Eu(III) with polyacrylic acid either free in solution or adsorbed onto alumina
Authors: Montavon G. , Markai S. , Grambow Bernd 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe complexation of Eu(III) with Polyacrylic acid (PAA) and alumina-bound polyacrylic acid (PAA-Al2O3) was studied at pH 5 in 0.1 M NaClO4. The experiments were carried out for two polyelectrolytes at 5000 Da and 50000 Da. The quantitative description of the interaction of Eu and PAA showed the formation of a 1:1 Eu:PAA complex and the existence of similar binding modes ("sites") of Eu with both polymers. Interaction studies of Eu(III) with alumina-bound PAA particles were carried out in conditions where their overall surface charge were equal to 0. The description of the data indicated the existence of a similar site in binary and ternary systems for high Eu loading. For low Eu loading, the existence of a new site on PAA-Al2O3particles resulting from the PAA-Al2O3interaction was suggested.
Dissection of Arp2/3 Complex Actin Nucleation Mechanism and Distinct Roles for Its Nucleation-Promoting Factors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: D'Agostino Jessica L , Goode Bruce L 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Actin nucleation by the Arp2/3 complex is under tight control, remaining inactive until stimulation by nucleation-promoting factors (NPFs). Although multiple NPFs are expressed in most cell types, little is known about how they are coordinated and whether they perform similar or distinct functions. We examined genetic relationships among the four S. cerevisiae NPFs. Combining las17Δ with pan1-101 or myo3Δmyo5Δ was lethal at all temperatures, whereas combining pan1-101 with myo3Δmyo5Δ showed no genetic interaction and abp1Δ partially suppressed las17Δ. These data suggest that NPFs have distinct and overlapping functions in vivo. We also tested genetic interactions between each NPF mutant and seven different temperature-sensitive arp2 alleles and purified mutant Arp2/3 complexes to compare their activities. Two arp2 alleles with mutations at the barbed end were severely impaired in nucleation, providing the first experimental evidence that Arp2 nucleates actin at its barbed end in vitro and in vivo. Another arp2 allele caused partially unregulated (“leaky”) nucleation in the absence of NPFs. Combining this mutant with a partially unregulated allele in a different subunit of Arp2/3 complex was lethal, suggesting that cells cannot tolerate high levels of unregulated activity. Genetic interactions between arp2 alleles and NPF mutants point to Abp1 having an antagonistic role with respect to other NPFs, possibly serving to attenuate their stronger activities. In support of this model, Abp1 binds strongly to Arp2/3 complex, yet has notably weak nucleation-promoting activity and inhibits Las17 activity on Arp2/3 complex in a dose-responsive manner.
Disparate Mesenchyme-Lineage Tendencies in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Bone Marrow and Umbilical Cord Blood
Authors: Chang Yu-Jen , Shih Daniel Tzu-bi , Tseng Ching-Ping , Hsieh Tzu-Bou , Lee Don-Ching , Hwang Shiaw-Min 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Bone marrow and umbilical cord blood are reported to be the main sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have been proposed for many clinical applications. This study evaluated and quantitated the differentiation potential of bone marrow–derived MSCs (bmMSCs) and cord blood–derived MSCs (cbMSCs) by in vitro induction. Results indicated that cbMSCs had a significantly stronger osteogenic potential but lower capacity for adipogenic differentiation than bmMSCs. Leptin, an important regulator of mesenchymal differentiation, has a significantly stronger effect of promoting osteogenesis and inhibiting adipogenesis in bmMSCs than in cbMSCs. Moreover, Cbfa1 mRNA expression in bmMSCs and cbMSCs was affected to different degrees by leptin during osteogenesis. In contrast, leptin reduced PPARγ2 mRNA expression to the same level during adipogenesis in both types of MSCs. These results demonstrate the disparate capacities of MSCs from bone marrow and cord blood and suggest that they be used differently in experimental and therapeutic studies. In addition, the disparate differentiation tendencies of MSCs from different sources should be considered in further applications.
Management of patients with adrenal cancer: recommendations of an international consensus conference
Authors: Schteingart D E , Doherty G M , Gauger P G , Giordano T J , Hammer G D , Korobkin M , Worden F P 
Published: September 2005

Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare, highly malignant tumors that account for only 0.2% of deaths due to cancer. Given the limited number of patients seen in most medical centers with this diagnosis, series usually reported are small and clinical trials not randomized or blinded. In an attempt to answer important questions concerning the management of patients with adrenal cancer, a consensus conference was organized and held at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, MI, 11–13 September 2003, with the participation of an international group of physicians who had reported on the largest series of patients with this disease and who had recognized basic and clinical research expertise in adrenal cortical cancer. Totally 43 questions were addressed by the presenters and recommendations discussed in plenary and breakout sessions. Evidence for the recommendations of this conference was at the 2–4+ level and based on available literature and participants’ experience.
In addition to setting up guidelines in specific areas of the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal cancer, the conference recommended and initiated the planning of an international prospective trial for treatment of patients with adrenal cancer in stages III and IV. In terms of new therapies, first trials of dendritic cell therapy in human subjects with adrenal cancer have been started, but it is too early to comment on efficacy. Different strategies of immunotherapy, including DNA vaccination are currently being tried in animal models. There are no clinical gene therapy trials for human adrenal cortical cancer. The adrenals are a preferred target for adenovirus and the results of gene therapy in preclinical studies are promising. In addition, there is evidence that histone deacetylase inhibitors can further enhance the rate of adenoviral infectivity in human adrenal cancer cells. Testing of retroviral vectors, non-viral vectors, small interfering RNA technology, and combined approaches could be performed in various laboratories. Anti-angiogenic substances have only been applied in preclinical studies. The use of these and other agents in the treatment of adrenal cancer should be hypothesis-driven and based on a thorough analysis of tumor biology.
Cover Picture: Laser Surface Modification of a Crystalline Al‐Co‐Ce Alloy for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance (Adv. Eng. Mater. 9/2005)
Authors: Hoekstra J. G. , Qadri S. B. , Scully J. R. , Fitz‐Gerald J. M. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe cover shows secondary electron images of corroded laser surface modified Al84Co7.5Ce8.5. It is clear that a large portion of the LSM surface layers remain, leading to speculation that the corrosion is preferentially occurring at cracks in the sample surface. More on this topic can be found in the article by J. G. Hoekstra et al. on page 805.The surfaces of Al‐Co‐Ce bulk crystalline alloys have been successfully laser processed resulting in amorphous‐like surface layer formation with enhanced corrosion characteristics. The material system, Al84Co7.5Ce8.5, is one of several next generation alloy compositions scientifically designed to form a metallic glass under the proper processing conditions. This material system exhibits both local composition changes and enhanced corrosion resistance in comparison to their native counterparts.