bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Pain Intensity after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery using Cold Pressor Testing: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Olaopa OI , Gbolahan OO , Okoje VN , Arotiba JT 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Patients complain differently about their experiences of post-operative pain. However, clinicians are often guided by their own viewpoints despite the highly subjective nature of pain resulting in suboptimal post-operative pain management. This impacts negatively on the quality of life of patients in the immediate post-operative period. Investigating patients’ pain behavior in the pre-operative period may therefore help to predict the intensity of post-operative pain, thereby assisting in identifying patients who are at risk of greater pain after third molar surgery, and allocating extra resources for pain control.

Aim:
This study aims to predict the intensity of pain after third molar surgery by correlating post-operative pain perception with the sensory-discriminative dimension and affective response to a cold pressor stimulus.

Materials and Methods:
This study is a quasi-experimental study that was conducted in the oral surgery clinic of (name of hospital in the title page). The procedure was undertaken in an isolated clinic cubicle with well-controlled room temperature and minimal distraction. Study participants were recruited by convenience sampling. Forty-three consenting participants, 20 years and above, who met eligibility criteria were subjected to pre-operative cold pressor testing. Subsequently, third molar surgery was done and post-operative pain intensity was recorded at specific intervals. Data analyses were completed using IBM SPSS version 25. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test was used to test for normality of continuous variables. Ordinal regression was used to test for contributory value of pre-operative measurement while Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to test their degree of relationships with post-operative pain P < 0.05.

Result:
The median pain threshold was 20 s (Interquartile Range, IQR 12.75-32.25) and the median pain tolerance was 33 s (IQR = 23.00-54.00) from the cold pressor test. The peak median pain score in this study was reached at 3-h after the last stitch. There was a statistically significant predictive effect of both variables on post-operative pain at 3-h.

Conclusion:
Sensory-discriminative dimension and affective response to cold pressor test are significant predictors of peak post-operative pain after impacted mandibular third molar surgery.
Effect of Low pH Dietary Supplements on Discoloration of Resin Composites
Authors: Çınar B , Eren D , Akın Ş 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the consumption of low pH dietary supplements on the color stability of different resin composites.

Materials and Methods:
Three different restorative materials were used for this in vitro study: Filtek One Bulk-Fill (FOB), Filtek Z550 (Z550), and Fill-Up (FUP). Samples fabricated from each composite group were divided into four subgroups, and color measurements were performed at baseline. The control subgroup was stored in distilled water, and the other three subgroups were immersed in acidic dietary supplement solutions (Redoxon, Supradyn, and Voonka Collagen Shake) for 2 minutes daily for 28 days. Color measurements were obtained using a digital spectrophotometer. Color change values (ΔE1) were calculated after each color measurement. Next, all samples were immersed in a coffee solution for 7 days and repeat color measurements were taken to determine ΔE2 values. The study groups were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test (α =0.05).

Results:
ΔE1 values were significantly different among the groups (P < 0.05). While Voonka Collagen Shake produced the greatest discoloration in FOB (1.67 ± 1.08) and Filtek Z550 (3.59 ± 1.90) materials, Fill-Up showed the highest discoloration (3.14 ± 0.37) with Supradyn. Analysis of ΔE2 values demonstrated a significant difference only for the Filtek Z550–Redoxon group versus the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Acidic dietary supplements not only produce color alterations in resin composites but also reduce the staining resistance of the composite further, depending on the type of composite and dietary supplement. Consumption of staining food after taking Redoxon effervescent tablets produces greater discoloration in Filtek Z550 restorations compared with other restorative materials.
Validation of Diagnostic Utility of Salivary Urea in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Chennai: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nagarathinam AE , Dineshkumar T , Rajkumar K , Rameshkumar A , Shruthi TA , Alzahrani KJ , Alzahrani FM , Halawani IF , Patil S 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Serum urea levels are essential for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD), as they are a measure of renal function. Salivary urea has been used as an alternative to serum urea in patients with CKD.

Aim:
To estimate serum urea levels and their correlation with salivary urea levels in order to validate the use of saliva as an alternative diagnostic tool for renal dysfunction.

Patients and Methods:
Thirty healthy individuals and 150 patients with CKD (30 from each CKD stage) were recruited for the study. Serum and salivary samples were collected to estimate the urea levels, and statistical analyses were performed.

Results:
Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences in the mean serum and salivary urea levels were observed between the healthy and each stage of the CKD group; significance at P < 0.05 was observed within the stages of CKD as well. Correlation analysis also showed significant differences between the serum and salivary urea levels at each stage of the disease. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed a higher area under the curve of 0.917 at a 95% confidence interval with a salivary urea cut-off of 28.25 mg/dl (sensitivity and specificity: 88% and 84%, respectively).

Conclusion:
The variability in salivary urea levels in the early and late stages suggests the use of salivary urea in the late stages of CKD. It is suggested that salivary urea levels may be used as an alternative to serum to assess and monitor the progression of renal impairment along with other standard renal function markers.
A Retrospective Review of Children followed up with the Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Devecí U , Ünsal SK , Dogan Y 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas, the frequency of which increases in childhood.

Aim:
To investigate the demographic, etiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of children followed up with the diagnosis of AP. The study also included genetic studies of recurrent cases.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included pediatric patients <18 years of age with AP who were followed up with recurrent pancreatitis in the Pediatrics Department of a University Hospital between January 2010 and April 2021. Patients who met at least 2 of the 3 criteria defined by the International Pediatric Pancreatitis Study Group (INSPPIRE) were accepted as AP. Demographic, etiological, and clinical data of the patients, developing complications, pathological evaluation of the samples, and genetic analysis results were obtained from the patient files. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS version 26.0 program. Descriptive statistics of the data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, median, minimum and maximum values, number (n), and percentage (%). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann Whitney U test, Chi-square test and Fischer test were used.

Results:
Fifty-four (50%) female and 54 (50%) male patients with a mean age of 9.96 ± 4.8 years who met the study criteria were included in the study. In the follow-up, it was reported that acute recurrent pancreatitis developed in 23 (21%) patients and chronic pancreatitis developed in 8 (7%) patients. The most common complaints were abdominal pain (94.4%), and vomiting (60.2%), followed by malnutrition (36.1%), nausea (17.6%), diarrhea (13%), and fever (13%). Etiology could not be determined in 19.4% of the patients. It was noted that the genetic predisposition of the patients played a role in the development of recurrent and chronic pancreatitis. Amylase, lipase, and CRP values, which are among the laboratory parameters showing the severity and prognosis of AP, were found to be significant.

Conclusions:
Sociocultural and demographic data of the patients should also be taken into account. Gene sequences that cause to genetic predisposition should be determined in recurrent and chronic pancreatitis cases. Acute pancreatitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with frequent abdominal pain and vomiting.
Identification of Mast Cells and Immunophenotypic Subtypes in Peripheral Nerve Damage Caused by Epineurotomy and Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Yavas Ozkan , Yavas Senem Esin , Kavruk Kaan , Ozbek Serhat , Ersoy Semiha 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
This study aims to investigate the numerical increase, localization, granulation status, and immunophenotypic properties of mast cells (MCs) in epineurectomy-induced nerve damage and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic infection models.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, the animals were divided into three groups of 6 each. One of the groups was determined as the control group, epineurectomy was applied to one group, and systemic inflammation was created by regular LPS injections in the other group. Then, the obtained nerve tissues were stained histochemically with Hematoxylin and Eosin toluidine blue, and the increase, localization, and granulation status of MCs were examined. Immunohistochemically, antitryptase and antichymase staining were performed to determine the immunophenotypes of MCs.

Results:
As a result, while the number of MCs increased in both groups compared to the control group, MCs in the LPS group were in the epineurium, and MCs in the epineurotomy group were located between the nerve fibers. While MCs in the LPS group showed very severe degranulation, mild degranulation was observed in the epineurotomy group, and almost no degranulated MCs were observed in the control group.

Conclusion:
This study is critical because it is one of the first studies to compare MCs in different nerve damage types and examine the expression of chymase and tryptase.
Effects of Ketamine/Xylazine and Urethane Anesthesia on Compound Muscle Action Potential Latency of Gastrocnemius Muscle in Rats
Authors: Mentese Beste , Özel Hasan Fehmi , Özbek Mustafa , Kutlu Necip 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Anesthetic agents, which are used in appropriate doses for the application of the experimental procedure in animals, relieve pain when applied in sufficient amounts as well as muscle relaxation. However, many anesthetics can alter the dynamics of neuromuscular systems. We aimed to compare the effects of two frequently used anesthetic agents on electromyographic parameters in rats.

Materials and Methods:
This study was performed on male Wistar albino rats aged 22–24 months. The animals were divided into two groups: urethane (1.5 gkg−1, i.p; n = 6) and ketamine+xylazine (K+X) (80 mg/kg, i.p; n = 6). Under general anesthesia, rats were electrically stimulated with bipolar hook electrodes from both legs, and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) was recorded from the needle electrode of the gastrocnemius muscle. Motor nerve action potential latency (MNAPL) was measured from the sciatic nerve of the rats.

Results:
The results of electrodiagnostic findings related to two different anesthetics in the animals were compared, and CMAP parameters were found to differ between the groups. MNAPL in both the right and left legs was significantly reduced in the urethane group compared to the K+X group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Urethane anesthesia may be a better choice than K+X anesthesia to evaluate nerve and muscle functions in animal electromyography studies.
Tight Cutting Seton for Anal Fistulae Revisited
Authors: Smolskas Edgaras , Voutsarakis Athanasios , Cavale Naveen , Nunoo-Mensah Joseph W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Anal fistulas are a common medical problem affecting thousands of patients annually well over 2000 years. There are many new novel approaches to this old condition but none with overwhelming success and low complication rates. The aim of this retrospective review was to revisit our experience in the treatment of anal fistulas with a tight cutting seton.

Objectives:
Observational study of retrospective collected data.

Design:
Retrospective study.

Patients and Methods:
Between 2008 - 2018 a retrospective study included all patients with primary or recurrent fistulas who were treated using tight seton were analyzed.

Main Outcome Measures:
The primary outcomes measured were healing rate, procedure-related complications, and incontinence.

Sample Size:
The study included 41 cases of anal fistula treated with a tight cutting and complete records of follow-up.

Results:
Firty-one patients with a median age of 37.9 years with a median follow up of 14.37 months were identified and included in the study. Among these, 66% of the fistulas were primary and 34% persisting or recurrent fistulas. Fistulas were classified as trans-sphincteric in 71% of patients, inter-sphincteric in 20%, horseshoe in 7%, and extra-sphincteric in 2% of the patients. All patients were treated with a cutting seton. The total healing rate was 95%. Two patients developed a persistent fistula. Four patients (9.8%) complained of different degrees of incontinence. There were no incidents of solid stool incontinence. In one case, the cause of fecal incontinence was keyhole deformity which was resolved after a buried island transposition flap.

Conclusion:
Our study evaluates a series of patients who were treated by a single surgeon in nonrandomized studies, emphasizing that tight cutting seton technique first described by Hippocrates in 430 BCE is a simple, highly effective, and safe procedure that should not be abandoned.

Limitations:
This study has limitations, including its retrospective nature. We collected data for this study from electronic records and databases of patients after completion of followup.

Conflict of Interest Statement:
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests in this study.
Intraoperative Methadone Use in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Colorectal Surgical Procedures
Authors: Kau Nathan S. , Mirza Kasim L. , Mayo Timothy P. , Stacy Zachary A. , Wise Paul E. , Silviera Matthew L. , Smith Radhika K. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Postoperative pain control is an important aspect in the recovery of patients. Recent literature suggests that the extended half-life of methadone may reduce overall opioid utilization in postoperative patients. However, there have yet to be any studies examining the efficacy of methadone as part of the protocol for enhanced recovery after colorectal surgery in patients.

Objectives:
To review the efficacy of perioperative methadone in reducing postoperative opioid usage and patient pain control.

Design:
Retrospective observational study.

Settings:
Tertiary academic center.

Patients and Methods:
Eighty-nine patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database having received methadone perioperatively from 2019 to 2021. These were compared to 89 historical controls identified from the same database and matched on procedure type, age, and American Society of Anesthesiology status.

Main Outcome Measures:
Primary outcomes were postoperative opioid use and subjective pain scores. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay, return of bowel function, and hospital cost.

Sample Size:
89 patients receiving methadone and 89 historical control patients.

Conclusions:
The patients who received methadone used significantly more opioids overall compared to non-methadone patients (P = 0.015). In addition, there was no significant difference in pain scores for methadone vs non-methadone patients (P = 0.630). Furthermore, there was no difference in the length of stay and return of bowel function (P = 0.512 and P = 0.140, respectively). Moreover, opioid-naïve patients, regardless of methadone status, showed reduced average pain compared to non-naïve patients (P = 0.010 and P = 0.010, respectively). Despite support in surgical literature, we failed to find clinical benefit in including methadone as a part of the enhanced recovery pathway for patients undergoing minimally invasive colorectal surgery.

Limitations:
Retrospective design limited to minimally invasive techniques.

Conflicts of interest
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
AKTUÁLNÍ PROBLÉMY VÝKONOSTI A BEZPEČNOSTI SILNIČNÍ KAMIONOVÉ PŘEPRAVY
Authors: Sato Alexej 
Published: December 2023

Přestože hospodářský vývoj České republiky v uplynulé dekádě lze hodnotit jako vcelku pozitivní, vývoj výkonnosti tuzemských silničních nákladních dopravců vykázal v tomto období razantní pokles. Evropská silniční kamionová doprava však byla nucena řešit celou řadu problémů, které na tuzemské dopravce dopadly velmi citelně. Předložená práce si klade za cíl nalézt a určit příčiny tohoto vývoje a poukázat na některé faktory, které nepříznivý vývoj pomohly zvrátit.
Las áreas naturales protegidas federales en el estado de Zacatecas, México
Authors: Errejón Gómez Julio César 
Published: December 2023

El estado de Zacatecas cuenta con cuatro Áreas Naturales Protegidas de índole federal que requieren ser estudiadas, debido a que se carece de investigaciones integrales que brinden información sobre su representatividad en el territorio y su estado de conservación. El presente estudio, generó un análisis cartográfico y documental de los espacios protegidos federales, para identificar la cantidad y distribución de las áreas del estado, así como cuantificar su superficie y determinar los ecosistemas presentes y los usos del suelo para el año 2018. Como resultado se obtuvo un análisis cuantitativo e individualizado de las Áreas Naturales Protegidas para el estado de Zacatecas.

Abstract
The state of Zacatecas has four federally protected natural areas that require study for lack of comprehensive research providing information on their representativeness in the territory and their conservation status. This study generated a cartographic and documentary analysis of these federal protected areas to identify the quantity and distribution of areas in the state, quantify their surface area, and determine ecosystems present and land use for 2018. The result was a quantitative and individualized analysis of the Natural Protected Areas for the state of Zacatecas.
Correlación en el crecimiento radicular de Eruca sativa Mill versus Lactuca sativa en aguas contaminadas con Zn (II)
Authors: Giai Marcos , Franco Estela Dolores 
Published: December 2023

La determinación de la fitotoxicidad de aguas, mediante el empleo de bioensayos basados en la germinación de semillas, constituyen un indicador de la calidad del agua destinada principalmente al riego de cultivos y el riego de arbolado urbano.
El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la correlación del crecimiento radicular de las especies Eruca sativa Mill versus Lactuca sativa, experimentalmente en aguas contaninadas con Zn (II).
Se realizaron ensayos de germinación en simultáneo de semillas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa) y rúcula (Eruca sativa Mill) ante soluciones crecientes de Zn (II) y controles, según la técnica de Sobrero y Ronco (2008). Se determinó el número de semillas germinadas en cada especie y longitud de la radícula con ayuda de una lupa de mesa iluminada. Los resul­tados obtenidos se expresaron como el porcentaje de la germinación relativa de semillas (GRS%), el crecimiento relativo de la radícula (CRR%) y el ín­dice de germinación porcentual (IG%).
Se observaron crecimientos e indicadores de germinación similares de ambas especies vegetales frente a las concentraciones crecientes de soluciones de Zn (II), visualizándose diferencias significativas con respecto a sus controles. Hubo una excelente correlación entre los índices de germinación porcentual (IG%) de ambas especies.
En base a lo descripto es necesario considerar las bondades de los ensayos de fitotoxicidad con semillas de Eruca sativa Mill como especie alternativa para dicho test.

Abstract
Determining phytotoxicity of water through the use of bioassays based on seed germination is a reliable indicator of the quality of water intended mainly for irrigating crops and urban trees.
The objective of this research was to determine the correlation of root growth of the species Eruca sativa Mill versus Lactuca sativa, experimentally in waters contaminated with Zn (II).
Simultaneous germination tests were carried out on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) seeds with increasing solutions of Zn (II) and controls, according to the technique of Sobrero and Ronco (2008). The number of germinated seeds in each species and radicle length were determined with the help of an illuminated table magnifying glass. The results obtained were expressed as the percentage of relative seed germination (GRS%), the relative growth of the radicle (CRR%), and the percentage germination index (IG%).
Similar growth and germination indicators of both plant species were observed against increasing concentrations of Zn (II) solutions, showing significant differences with respect to their controls. There was an excellent correlation between the percentage germination indices (GI%) of both species.
The benefits of phytotoxicity tests with Eruca sativa Mill seeds as an alternative species should be considered for similar tests.