bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA VIDEO DENGAN MEDIA GAMBAR MATA PELAJARAN IPAS PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA MATERI KENAMPAKAN ALAM KELAS IV SDN 1 BESUKI 2 KABUPATEN SITUBONDO TAHUN 2023
Authors: Eko Yulianto Dodik , Ferawati Veni 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar menggunakan media video dengan media gambar mata pelajaran IPAS materi kenampakan alam kelas IVA dan Kelas IVB SDN 1 Besuki sebagai kelas kontrol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 32 siswa dari kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan media video dan 32 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol yang menggunakan media gambar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pengujian persyaratan analisis menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas,uji hipotesis. Hasil analalisi data uji normalitas dari kelas eksperimen rata-rata 83,3, standar deviasi 15,13, Lhitung 0,134 dan Ltabel 0,173 maka berdistribusi normal, sedangkan hasil uji normlitas di kelas kontrol rata-rata 60,8, standar devisi 11,67, Lhitung 0,123 Ltabel 0,190 maka berdistribusi normal. Hasil dar uji homogenitas di kelas A SDN 1 Besuki dan Kelas BSDN 1 Besuki adalah Mean untuk kelas eksperimen 83,3 dan kontrol 60,8, standar deviasi kelas eksperimen 15,1 dan kontrol 11,7 Varians di kelas eksperimen 229,06 dan kelas kontrol 136,23, Fhitung 1,68 dan Ftabel 1,97 disimpulkan bahwa Ftabel>Fhitung maka Homogen. Perolehan untuk uji hipotesis (Uji T) yaitu Thitung 6,22 dan Ttabel 1,97 maka Ho ditolak Ha diterima karena Thitung>Ttabel yang artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil belajar IPAS antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan media video dengan hasil belajar siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan media gambar.
Face Bimagic Mean Labeling of Herschel Graphs and Its Operations
Authors: Vani Shree S. , Dhanalakshmi S. 
Published: January 2024

A bijection ϕ: V(G)→{1,2, . . . , |V(G)|} is called a (1,0,0)-F-face bimagic mean labeling (FBMML) of G if the induced face labeling ϕ*(fi) = = = k1 or k2, constant. This work investigates the possibility of face bimagic mean labeling of a Herschel graph. Also, a study of face bimagic mean labeling during the process of fusion of vertices of degree 3 of a Herschel graph and the duplication of vertices by the edge of a Herschel graph is provided in this research paper.
Dynamic ultrasonography for optimizing treatment position in superior mesenteric artery syndrome: Two case reports and review of literature
Authors: Hasegawa Nobuaki , Oka Akihiko , Awoniyi Muyiwa , Yoshida Yuri , Tobita Hiroshi , Ishimura Norihisa , Ishihara Shunji 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of duodenal obstruction by extrinsic compression between the SMA and the aorta (SMA-Ao). Although the left lateral recumbent position is considered effective in the treatment of SMA syndrome, individual variations in the optimal patient position have been noted. In this report, we present two elderly cases of SMA syndrome that exhibited rapid recovery due to ultrasonographic dynamic evaluation of the optimal position for each patient.
CASE SUMMARY
Case 1: A 90-year-old man with nausea and vomiting. Following diagnosis of SMA syndrome by computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US) revealed the SMA-Ao distance in the supine position (4 mm), which slightly improved in the lateral position (5.7–7.0 mm) without the passage of duodenal contents. However, in the sitting position, the SMA-Ao distance was increased to 15 mm accompanied by improved content passage. Additionally, US indicated enhanced passage upon abdominal massage on the right side. By day 2, the patient could eat comfortably with the optimal position and massage. Case 2: An 87-year-old woman with vomiting. After the diagnosis of SMA syndrome and aspiration pneumonia by CT, dynamic US confirmed the optimal position (SMA-Ao distance was improved to 7 mm in forward-bent position, whereas it remained at 5 mm in the supine position). By day 7 when her pneumonia recovered, she could eat with the optimal position.
CONCLUSION
The optimal position for SMA syndrome varies among individuals. Dynamic US appears to be a valuable tool in improving patient outcomes.
Study of Serum Calcium Levels in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Megha  Bhonde  Bagade, Akshay Berad, Angesh Bagade  
Published: January 2024

Background
Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation seen in women between 40–61 years of age. Menopause is characterised by reduction in ovarian hormone production. Oestrogen deficiency and age related processes cause decrease in calcium levels in post menopausal women.
Aims and Objectives
To study serum calcium levels in premenopausal and post menopausal women.
Materials and Method
Cross sectional study was conducted. 35 pre menopausal and 30 post menopausal women were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients with medical history of major systemic diseases, women on hormone replacement therapy, and women who had surgical menopause were not included in the study. Serum calcium levels were estimated in both groups. For statistical analysis the value of laboratory parameters were presented as the Mean±SD (standard deviation). A Student's t-test was used for cross-sectional comparisons of continuous variables between the groups.
Results
Serum calcium levels were significantly lower in post menopausal women than in pre menopausal women.
Conclusion
Post menopausal women are calcium deficient.
Study of Overweight and Obesity and Associated Factors among Undergraduate Medical Students in North India
Authors: Vibha Gangwar, Anju Gahlot, S. K. Gahlot, Manish Kumar Verma  
Published: January 2024

Background
Obesity negatively affects one's health or well-being. Due to rising prevalence of obesity and its adverse health effects it is being recognized as a serious public health concern. Medical students are very prone to obesity because of so much stress. Also junk food consumption is very common in medical student which is an important risk factor for obesity.
Aims and objectives
This study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of overweight and obesity its association with different risk factors in undergraduate medical students in a medical college of north India.
Material and method
The cross-sectional study was conducted on 128 undergraduate medical students. A detailed history was taken. Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio were taken according to WHO criteria.
Result & Conclusion
The study showed high prevalence of overweight (30.2%) and obesity (3.9%). Obesity was significantly associated with non-vegetarian diet (p<0.01). Prevalence of overweight and obesity was highest in students with blood group B (12.4%) and least in blood group AB (0%). There was no significant association of obesity with junk food, family history and sleep duration (p >0.05). The importance of healthy eating habits and healthy life style needs to be emphasized. We created awareness for healthy living among medical students during the study.
Determination of Muscles of Head Acting in Whistling
Authors: S Nalini  
Published: January 2024

Background
Whistling without using a whistle or fingers considered as a manly skill in our patriarchal society is taught as a means of testing for integrity of facial muscles and Facial nerve for UG students in I MBBS under clinical examination of VII cranial nerve. But this test has been mentioned only in a very few books of clinical examination. This fact raised the need for this study
Aims and Objectives
To determine percentage of population who can whistle, muscles of head involved in whistling & gender variation
Study Design
A descriptive, cross sectional study by convenient sampling method conducted among 200 UG MBBS students of age group 18–25 of GTMC.
Results
80% of participants were able to whistle; Whistling is not a manly skill. An element of social inhibition is there in women to whistle; 90.5% of subjects used muscles innervated by both Facial nerve and Hypoglossal nerves simultaneously.
Conclusion
There is subtle knowledge gap between clinicians and non-clinicians probably due to lack of need to update for the later which will become evident to students when they enter clinical side. Hence we, teachers too need to refer clinical subject text books and clinical examination manuals to accept, ignore and criticise as appropriate.
Assessment of Pulse Wave Velocity in Obese Adults using ECG and Finger Tip Photo Pulse Plethysmography
Authors: M. Jahnavi, Sharan. B. Singh M, Uma B.V., K.N. Maruthy  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
The World Health Organization has recently defined obesity as a disease. Obesity is the result of imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure. Obese individuals with excess fat deposition in the abdominal region are at risk for CHD, hence this study was taken up to see if any association is there between obesity and PWV.
Aim
1. To measure the pulse wave velocity (PWV) in obese individuals.
2. To compare if there is any correlation between pulse pressure, PWV and BMI.
Material and Method
68 obese adults were included for the study, 45 males and 23 females. The study was started after getting clearance from IEC. Informed oral consent was obtained from the subjects. Height and weight of the subjects were recorded. All of them were in the age group of 27 to 62 years and had BMI > 30.
Resting blood pressure was recorded, then Lead II ECG was recorded along with left forefinger tip photo pulse for a period of 15 secs. Distance between the R wave and the foot of the finger pulse was measured in msec. The arm span was measured from the left lateral border of sternum to tip of left forefinger which was taken as distance(D) travelled by the pulse. Using V=? T/D, PWV was calculated.
Results
The mean BP in male and female was 106 ±9 & 94.7 ±4.4 mmHg respectively where as the PWV was 5.8 ± 0.7 mts/sec in male and 5 ± 0.5mts/sec in females which is in normal limits. Analysis of data was done by applying Pearson's Correlation and paired Student T test which revealed there was positive correlation between mean BP versus PWV r = 0.21 & BMI versus mean BP r = 0.26. P value were highly significant which was < 0.001
PWV is influenced by tethering of vessel and stiffening of the arterial wall, so increase in velocity may not be a good index to assess risk factor in all cardiac conditions.
Conclusion
PWV is influenced by tethering of vessel and stiffening of the arterial wall, so increase in velocity may not be a good index to assess risk factor in all cardiac conditions unless it is corrected with respect to age and Blood pressure.
Effect of Obesity on Blood Pressure
Authors: J.Rose Priyadharshini, R. Vinodha  
Published: January 2024

Background
Obesity is a huge problem because it leads to so many complications such as accelerated atherosclerosis, increased incidence of gallbladder disease, type-2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and many carcinomas. One of the major causes for obesity is excess energy intake in food over energy expenditure. Excess weight gain is an important risk factor for hypertension. Hypertension target major organs of the body leading to coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, kidney damage etc. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of obesity (Body Mass Index(BMI) and Waist Circumference(WC)) on Blood pressure.
Materials & Method
Ethical committee approval was obtained before starting the study. For this study clinical history was recorded and physical examination including body weight, height, waist&hip circumferences were measured. Waist hip ratio(WHR)was calculated. Blood Pressure was recorded.
Results
Obesity was statistically associated with increase in both systolic & diastolic blood pressure.
Conclusion
This study revealed that abdominal obesity &increase in BMI were significantly associated with increase in blood pressure.
Students Perception on Teaching Learning and Evaluation Methodologies Applied in Physiology
Authors: Rajani Santhakumari Nagothu, Yogananda Reddy  
Published: January 2024

Background
Outgoing students from some colleges in particular from the central and some specific state medical colleges are better equipped with knowledge, skills and attitude than the rest. On the contrary some medical colleges produce inefficient medical graduates. This article is an initiate in finding out the best teaching learning and assessment methods in physiology from the students’ perspective, to reduce the knowledge and skill gap between the students of different medical colleges. In the regular departmental meetings on better performance of the students, it is much needed to take the feedback from the faculty members also for improving teaching learning and evaluation methods in any educational institutions including medical colleges.
Aim
To record and analyse the feedback from the students on present teaching learning and the evaluation methods used in the department of physiology in a medical college in South Indian state of Telangana.
Materials and Method
The present study was conducted on 68 first year under graduate medical students. Two sets of questionnaires were used for acquisition of qualitative and quantitative data.
Results
Much need to change in the present teaching learning and evaluation methods.
Conclusion
All the students felt that many changes are required in the present teaching learning and evaluation methods for better performance of the students.
Spatial Localization of Sound in the Late-Blind During Spatial Bisection Task and Minimum Audible Angle Task
Authors: Ganesh Prasanna, Sowmya Rajaram  
Published: January 2024

Objectives
Our objective was to assess the spatial localization of sound in both minimum audible angle task and spatial bisection task in the azimuthal plane in late blind subjects.
Methods
A total of ten late blind individuals and eight normal sighted blindfolded controls performed the spatial bisection task and minimum audible angle task.
Results and Conclusion
The late blind performed as good as the controls in both the tasks. The late blind would have had intact vision in their developmental years, enabling development of the ability to spatially localize sound. These results support the cross sensory calibration hypothesis that vision calibrates spatial localization of sound while the sensory system is still maturing.
Analysis of One Best MCQS in Five Preuniversity Physiology Examinations
Authors: Upadhyah Amit A.  
Published: January 2024

Objectives
One-best MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) is a popular form of assessment where the student selects the best possible answer from the options provided. The objective of this study was to analyze the MCQs used in preliminary examinations in terms of Difficulty Index, Differentiation Index and Distracter efficiency.
Method
Total 100 MCQ items with one correct option and three distracters were taken from past 5 years preuniversity examinations and analyzed for level of difficulty and power of discrimination. A total of 149, 156, 154, 156 and 148 students appeared for the exam in each year. The Difficulty index was calculated by the formula P = R/T. High and low groups consisting of upper and lower 27% students, respectively, were taken after arranging the scores in descending order for calculating the Discrimination Index as follows: DI = 2 x [(H-L)/N]. Distracter efficiency was determined on the basis of the number of Nonfunctioning Distracters (NF-Ds). An ideal item should have a DFI between 0.30–70.0, a DI of >0.24 and a DE of 100%.
Results
The Difficulty indices for the ten papers of 10 MCQ`s each were (Mean±S. D) 0.50±0.24, 0.49±0.25, 0.52±0.23, 0.55±0.19, 0.73±0.22, 0.68±0.18, 0.53±0.24, 0.65±0.18, 0.54±0.3, 0.47±0.26 respectively. Differentiation indices were (Mean±S. D)0.37±0.12, 0.34±0.17, 0.35±0.14, 0.43±0.15, 0.40±0.15, 0.43±0.17, 0.40±0.20, 0.46±0.11, 0.40±0.16, 0.40±0.20. Thus as a whole, the papers were of average difficulty and were able to differentiate between the students. Thirtyfive MCQs were ideal MCQs. In individual analysis, total 37 MCQs were very easy (Difficulty Index>0.70) and 18 were found to be very tough (Difficulty Index<0.30). In Distracter analysis, 20% of the distracters were found to be nonfunctional (NFDs). 30% of the MCQ`s had One NFD, while 9% and 4% had two and three NFD`s respectively.
Conclusion
Overall, the papers had very good difficulty and differentiation indices which were quite consistent over the five years but there are a few MCQs and distracters which need to be modified to further enhance accurate assessment of the students.
Does Dark Chocolate Relieve Menstrual Pain in Adult Women?: A Study Among Indian Population
Authors: Verma Amita  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Premenstrual pain (PMS) and Dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation is defined as a severe, painful, cramping sensation in the lower abdomen that is often accompanied by other symptoms, such as sweating, headaches, nausea, etc all occurring just before or during the menses1. A variety of drugs, predominantly non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are used to provide analgesia during the period. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the claims of Dark chocolate as an alternative to NSAIDS.
Methodology
90 selected students were divided into 3groups and were provided 120gms/day of dark chocolate, milk chocolate and no chocolate based on their group. Numeric Rate Scale (NRS) was used to measure pain before and after intervention.
Result
Pre menstrual pain and menstrual pain was significantly reduced after the consumption of Dark chocolate.
Assessment of Blood Pressure and Cognitive Dysfunction in Pune Urban Elderly Population
Authors: Godbole Gayatri  
Published: January 2024

Objective
Elderly population in India is increasing sharply. The medical problems like neurocognitive disorders are on rise. Screening tests used for detection of such disorders is Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cerebrovascular diseases can lead to neurocognitive disorders and hypertension is one of the risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases Therefore blood pressure was correlated with Mini Mental State Examination.
Method
300 (males and females) aged more than 60 years were screened. Subjects were administered Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire and blood pressure was measured. MMSE score was correlated with Blood Pressure.
Result
It was found that systolic blood pressure was increased in subjects with cognitive impairment though the rise is statistically insignificant. Whereas diastolic blood pressure was less in subjects with cognitive impairment as compared to normal subjects.
Conclusion
The systolic blood pressure was increased in subjects with cognitive impairment though the rise was statistically insignificant.
The Bilateral Engagement of India and Pakistan at Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Prospects and Challenges
Authors: Sarwat Rauf  , Maira Tariq  
Published: January 2024

This article examines the complex relationship of Pakistan and India in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). It points out cooperation pathways through steady advances in economic and security sectors. New Delhi and Islamabad have entered a puzzling state of affairs where both work for regional cooperation with serious bilateral frictions. In this context, the emphasis lies in highlighting the SCO as a favored platform for mitigating the rift between India and Pakistan, following thorough assessments of various alternatives. The argument is developed on the conjecture that establishing cooperation between rival states sometimes seems impossible, yet governments could enter into cooperative relations and collaborate through institutions. The central research question revolves around understanding how the SCO alleviates tensions between Pakistan and India. It is discerned that the SCO’s gradual advances toward regional integration hold the potential to facilitate collaboration among member states. The study further examines various instances wherein India assumes responsible roles within the SCO, agreeing to take concerted actions for regional security and stability alongside other partners, including Pakistan.
Reduced low-prevalence visual search detriment with increasing age: Implications for cognitive theories of aging and real-world search tasks
Authors: Goodhew Stephanie C. , Edwards Mark 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhen performing multiple successive visual searches, low-prevalence targets are at elevated risk of being missed. This has important implications for real-world visual search tasks, such as diagnostic medical imaging (e.g., searching for a cancer) and airport baggage security screening (e.g., searching for a weapon), which are characterized by low-prevalence targets and potentially dire consequences of target misses. Previous work on low-prevalence visual search indicates that individuals who spontaneously respond more slowly miss fewer targets, which has been attributed to higher quitting thresholds predicting better performance. Previous aging research indicates that older adults typically respond more slowly across multiple task contexts. This has been attributed to both intrinsic limitations in processing speed and a strategic trade-off to prioritize accuracy with increasing age. Synthesizing these two separate lines of research, here we tested whether older adults had a higher quitting threshold and/or slower processing speed in low-prevalence visual search, and the consequences of these for the magnitude of the low-prevalence visual search detriment. We recruited a large sample (N = 380) across a range of ages (20–80 years) and had them search for targets under low- and high-prevalence conditions. Older adults had both slower processing speed and higher quitting thresholds. Older adults were moderately less susceptible to the low-prevalence detriment, and this relationship was mediated by countervailing effects: slower processing speed exacerbated older adults’ low-prevalence detriment, whereas elevated quitting threshold mitigated it. Theoretical implications for cognitive aging and practical implications for professional visual search tasks are discussed.
KAMPANYE PENCEGAHAN STUNTING MELALUI DETEKSI DINI ANEMIA DAN SOSIALISASI LITERASI DIGITAL KESEHATAN BAGI REMAJA DI KARANG TARUNA DESA BANYURADEN
Authors: Rosida Luluk , Rahman Taufiqur 
Published: January 2024

Remaja putri pada umumnya memiliki karakteristik kebiasaan makan yang tidak sehat. Antara lain kebiasaan tidak makan pagi, malas minum air putih, diet tidak sehat karena ingin langsing, kebiasaan ngemil makanan rendah gizi dan makan makanan siap saji. Sehingga remaja tidak mampu memenui keaneka ragaman zat makanan yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuhnya untuk proses sintesis haemoglobin (Suryani dkk., 2016). Pola diet dan pola makan yang salah ini juga banyak dipengaruhi oleh kurangnya literasi Kesehatan digital pada remaja. Tujuan pengabdian adalah untuk meningkatkan keikutsertaan remaja pada kampanye stunting melalui deteksi dini anemia dan peningkatan kemampuan literasi digital Kesehatan. Metode pelaksanaan KKM “Kampanye pencegahan stunting melalui Deteksi dini anemia dan Sosialisasi Literasi digital Kesehatan Bagi Remaja di Karang taruna desa Banyuraden” dilakukan secara bertahap dan sesuai dengan prosedur yang berlaku. Kegiatan ini juga membantu meningkatkan keterampilan mitra melalui pelatihan penggunaan alat untuk pengecekan kadar Hb dan darah sederhana seperti glukosa darah, kolesterol dan asam urat serta gambaran derajat Kesehatan Mitra melalui Pemeriksaan Kadar hemoglobin. Hasil dari pengabdian didapatkan gambaran kondisi anemia remaja Dimana 27,7% remaja mengakami anemia ringan, selain itu didapatkan peningkatan persepsi remaja terkait literasi digital Kesehatan sebanyak 56,8%. Pencegahan anemia merupakan salah satu upaya pencegahan stunting yang cukup efektif.
Kata Kunci : Remaja, Stunting, Anemia, Literasi Digital