bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of the newly discovered cyclostome renin–angiotensin system in the river lampreyLampetra fluviatilis
Authors: Brown J. Anne , Cobb Christopher S. , Frankling Susan C. , Rankin J. Cliff 
Published: January 2005

SUMMARYThis study describes the first investigations of the physiological signals involved in activating the newly discovered cyclostome renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and its role in the river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis. Experimental manipulation showed that volume depletion (removal of 40% blood volume) rapidly activated the RAS of lampreys acclimated to water at 576 mOsm kg–1 (21 p.p.t.), significantly increasing plasma angiotensin concentrations after 30 min and 60 min. In agreement with these results, a rapid change in environmental salinity (758 mOsm kg–1 to freshwater (FW) and FW to 605 mOsm kg–1), resulted in a rapid decrease and increase in plasma [angiotensin], respectively. Intraperitoneal(i.p.) injection of FW-acclimated river lampreys with 1% body mass by volume of nominally isosmotic saline (120 mmol l–1 NaCl; 233 mOsm kg–1) resulted in a significant decrease in the plasma angiotensin concentration within 15 min. In contrast, i.p. injection of hyperosmotic saline (4 mol l–1 NaCl) at 1% body mass by volume, which significantly increased plasma osmolality, had no significant effect on plasma [angiotensin], suggesting that volume/pressure receptors and osmoreceptors interact in regulating the lamprey RAS. These results indicate an important role for volume/pressor receptors, as in teleosts, but with an additional osmoreceptor mechanism, such that circulatory [angiotensin] is determined by interaction of volume/pressure and osmoreceptors and their relative sensitivities. The volume/pressure sensitivity is in keeping with the recent evidence of a vasoconstrictor action of homologous lamprey angiotensin and provides evidence that the fundamental role of the RAS in maintaining volume and pressure is an ancient function conserved over 500 million years of vertebrate evolution.
Symbiosis-induced adaptation to oxidative stress
Authors: Richier Sophie , Furla Paola , Plantivaux Amandine , Merle Pierre-Laurent , Allemand Denis 
Published: January 2005

SUMMARYCnidarians in symbiosis with photosynthetic protists must withstand daily hyperoxic/anoxic transitions within their host cells. Comparative studies between symbiotic (Anemonia viridis) and non-symbiotic (Actinia schmidti) sea anemones show striking differences in their response to oxidative stress. First, the basal expression of SOD is very different. Symbiotic animal cells have a higher isoform diversity (number and classes)and a higher activity than the non-symbiotic cells. Second, the symbiotic animal cells of A. viridis also maintain unaltered basal values for cellular damage when exposed to experimental hyperoxia (100% O2) or to experimental thermal stress (elevated temperature +7°C above ambient). Under such conditions, A. schmidti modifies its SOD activity significantly. Electrophoretic patterns diversify, global activities diminish and cell damage biomarkers increase. These data suggest symbiotic cells adapt to stress while non-symbiotic cells remain acutely sensitive. In addition to being toxic, high O2 partial pressure(PO2) may also constitute a preconditioning step for symbiotic animal cells, leading to an adaptation to the hyperoxic condition and, thus, to oxidative stress. Furthermore, in aposymbiotic animal cells of A. viridis, repression of some animal SOD isoforms is observed. Meanwhile, in cultured symbionts, new activity bands are induced,suggesting that the host might protect its zooxanthellae in hospite. Similar results have been observed in other symbiotic organisms, such as the sea anemone Aiptasia pulchella and the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Molecular or physical interactions between the two symbiotic partners may explain such variations in SOD activity and might confer oxidative stress tolerance to the animal host.
A computational fluid dynamics of `clap and fling' in the smallest insects
Authors: Miller Laura A. , Peskin Charles S. 
Published: January 2005

SUMMARYIn this paper, we have used the immersed boundary method to solve the two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations for two immersed wings performing an idealized `clap and fling' stroke and a `fling' half-stroke. We calculated lift coefficients as functions of time per wing for a range of Reynolds numbers (Re) between 8 and 128. We also calculated the instantaneous streamlines around each wing throughout the stroke cycle and related the changes in lift to the relative strength and position of the leading and trailing edge vortices.Our results show that lift generation per wing during the `clap and fling'of two wings when compared to the average lift produced by one wing with the same motion falls into two distinct patterns. For Re=64 and higher,lift is initially enhanced during the rotation of two wings when lift coefficients are compared to the case of one wing. Lift coefficients after fling and during the translational part of the stroke oscillate as the leading and trailing edge vortices are alternately shed. In addition, the lift coefficients are not substantially greater in the two-winged case than in the one-winged case. This differs from three-dimensional insect flight where the leading edge vortices remain attached to the wing throughout each half-stroke. For Re=32 and lower, lift coefficients per wing are also enhanced during wing rotation when compared to the case of one wing rotating with the same motion. Remarkably, lift coefficients following two-winged fling during the translational phase are also enhanced when compared to the one-winged case. Indeed, they begin about 70% higher than the one-winged case during pure translation. When averaged over the entire translational part of the stroke, lift coefficients per wing are 35% higher for the two-winged case during a 4.5 chord translation following fling. In addition, lift enhancement increases with decreasing Re. This result suggests that the Weis-Fogh mechanism of lift generation has greater benefit to insects flying at lower Re. Drag coefficients produced during fling are also substantially higher for the two-winged case than the one-winged case, particularly at lower Re.
One-pot Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines by Iridium-catalyzed Three-component Coupling Reaction
Authors: Igarashi Takeyuki , Inada Takashi , Sekioka Tadao , Nakajima Takayuki , Shimizu Isao 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
A convenient and efficient synthesis of substituted quinolines in a simple one-pot reaction of an arylamine 1, an aromatic aldehyde or aliphatic aldehyde 2 and an aliphatic aldehyde 3 in the presence of transition metal complexes or Lewis acids was developed. Among them, the iridium catalyst [Ir(cod)Cl]2 catalyzed the reaction most efficiently.
Current Options in the Management of Olanzapine-Associated Weight Gain
Authors: Hester E Kelly , Thrower Margaret R 
Published: January 2005

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate options for the management of weight gain associated with olanzapine therapy. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (1966–May 2004), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–August 2003), The Cochrane Library, and EMBASE (1974–August 2003) databases were searched using the key words antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine, and weight gain. Bibliographies of cited articles were reviewed. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles identified from the data sources were evaluated and all information deemed relevant was included for this review. DATA SYNTHESIS: Weight gain is a common adverse effect of olanzapine, a member of the atypical antipsychotic class. Data are limited supporting a specific therapeutic approach to the management of weight gain with olanzapine treatment. Reversal of weight gain with lifestyle modifications and adjunctive pharmacologic therapies such as nizatidine and amantadine has been modest. Experience with adjunctive pharmacologic treatment has been limited to small, observational studies and case reports. Although data are limited, weight reduction has been observed in select patients switching from olanzapine to an alternative atypical antipsychotic. CONCLUSIONS: At this time, targeting lifestyle modifications provides the most reasonable approach to minimize weight gain observed with olanzapine therapy. Preliminary evidence evaluating adjunctive pharmacologic treatment for this indication has demonstrated minimal clinical benefit. Switching to an alternative atypical antipsychotic agent associated with less significant weight gain may be appropriate in select patients. Further clinical trials are needed to support a specific therapeutic approach to managing weight gain with olanzapine.
33.3: Comparison of Poly‐Si TFT Characteristics Crystallized by a YAG2ω Laser and an Excimer Laser
Authors: Morikawa K. , Okamoto T. , Kojima T. , Yura S. , Nishimae J. , Sato Y. , Tanaka M. , Inoue M. , Nagata H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPoly‐Si TFTs were fabricated by both a YAG2ω laser and an excimer laser annealing system using a same TFT manufacturing process, and the electrical characteristics of the TFTs were compared. As a result, it is found that a wider process window can be obtained with the YAG2ω laser annealing system. The possibility of overlapped irradiation is also shown.
9.2: Implementation of RGBW Color System in TFT‐LCDs
Authors: Lee Baek‐Woon , Song Keunkyu , Yang Youngchol , Park Cheolwoo , Oh Joonhak , Chai Chongchul , Choi Jeongye , Roh Namseok , Hong Munpyo , Chung Kyuha , Lee Seongdeok , Kim Changyong 
Published: January 2005

AbstractLast year, we introduced a TFT‐LCD with RGBW color system. The primary advantage of the RGBW system is that its optical efficiency is at least 50% higher than the RGB system. However, it is not a simple task to incorporate the new color system into the existing infrastructure of the RGB system: the driving circuitry, fabrication of color filter, and color conversion. In this report, the practical hurdles are discussed and the solutions are presented.
41.1: A Thin LED Backlight System with High Efficiency for Backlighting 22‐in. TFT‐LCDs
Authors: Sakai Seiji , Mori Akihiro , Ishiguchi Kazuhiro , Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Kokogawa Toru , Sakamoto Takuya , Yoneda Toshiyuki 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA TFT‐LCD with RGB LED‐Backlight has become well‐known as wider color reproduction. By matching the transmissive spectra of color‐filter to high‐power red, green and blue (RGB) LEDs radiation, wider color reproduction and higher brightness have been achieved. But it has been difficult to mix the RGB light of high‐power LEDs without a loss of light until the light is introduced into the LC‐panel. We have developed a new LED‐Backlight system that provides an optical efficiency of 72%. This efficiency is 1.4 times the previous LED‐Backlight with a light guide. We applied this new LED‐Backlight to a 22‐in. XGA‐Wide TFT‐LCD and achieved a brightness of 540cd/m2 and color reproduction of 105%.
48.4: Enhancement of Motion Image Quality in LCDs
Authors: Hong Sunkwang , Oh Jae‐Ho , Park Po‐Yun , Kim Tae‐Sung , Kim S. S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIt is well known that conventionally driven LCDs exhibit motion image blur due to slow response time and a hold‐type driving method. In this paper, we evaluate motion blur as a function of image speed, and quantitatively show that the blurring can be significantly reduced through a combination of dynamic capacitance compensation (DCC) and black frame insertion.
59.3: Integrated Optical Touch Panel in a 14.1″ AMLCD
Authors: Abileah Adi , den Boer Willem , Larsson Terrance , Baker Tom , Robinson Scott , Siegel Roy , Fickenscher Noah , Leback Brent , Griffin Terry , Green Pat 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe first XGA AMLCD (14.1″) incorporating integrated high‐resolution touch capability by optical means is demonstrated. The optical a‐Si sensor array (256×192) embedded in the TFT backplane operates with either shadow of touch from the ambient light, or with external light sources. The integration of the complete system with algorithms, optical means, its unique properties and potential applications will be discussed.
62.1: Mechanical Reliability of LCD Panels under Static Loading
Authors: Gulati S. T. , Helfinstine J. D. , Bayne J. F. , Powell W. R. , Lapp J. C. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPrevious studies of LCD glass strength have demonstrated that it is independent of glass thickness. Instead, it depends primarily on surface defects introduced in the glass during handling, processing and assembling of the LCD panel. This paper focuses on mechanical reliability of such a panel when mounted in the LCD module and subjected to static loading.
18.4: Flexible AC Plasma Displays Using Plasma‐spheres
Authors: Wedding Carol A. , Guy Jeffery W. , Strbik Oliver M. , Wedding Daniel K. , Wenzlaff Robert P. , Olson Walter W. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractImaging Systems Technology (IST) is engaged in a multiyear research and development effort to produce flexible monochrome and color plasma displays using Plasma‐spheres. Plasma‐spheres are hollow microspheres encapsulating an ionizable gas mounted on rigid or flexible substrates. Plasma‐sphere displays promise advantages over conventional plasma displays including low cost manufacture, high yield, long life, and ruggedness.
26.1: RGB LED Illuminator for Pocket‐Sized Projectors
Authors: Keuper Matthijs H. , Harbers Gerard , Paolini Steve 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBy using experimental high‐power LED's in a Luxeon™ form‐factor package, an RGB LED illuminator for small, color‐sequential pocket imagers was developed, with a light output for the projector of 15 lm, resulting in a brightness comparable to that of a similar‐sized laptop display. Unlike color‐sequential projectors using color‐wheels, there is no need to de‐saturate the colors to achieve peak brightness when using an LED illumination system.
35.4: A 2.1‐inch AMOLED Display Based on Metal‐Induced Laterally Crystallized Polycrystalline Silicon Technology
Authors: Wu Chunya , Meng Zhiguo , Li Juan , Zhang Xiaodan , Yang Guanghua , Xiong Shaozhen , Shi Xuejie , Peng Huajun , Wong Man , Kwok Hoi S. , Yin Sheng , Zhang Deqiang , Sun Tiepeng , Wang Liduo , Qiu Yong 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA 2.1‐inch color active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode display based on an improved metal‐induced laterally crystallized polycrystalline silicon technology is demonstrated. Leakage current was reduced with the active islands of polycrystalline silicon transistors patterned after nickel‐based metal‐induced lateral crystallization. Color was obtained by combining white‐light organic light‐emitting diodes with micro‐fabricated color filters.
38.2: High Performance Single Layer Anti‐Reflective Coatings via Wet UV Curing Technology
Authors: Thies Jens , Currie Edwin , Meijers Guido , Southwell John , Chawla Chander 
Published: January 2005

AbstractHere we present a novel manner for preparing single layer anti‐reflective coatings with excellent optical properties (<1% reflection) over a broad wavelength regime. The technology is based upon the self‐assembly and UV curing of reactive nano‐particles, leading to nano‐structured coatings with a gradient in refractive index. The single processing step leading to such coatings is fast, robust and cost effective.
38.3: Polarized Light LCD Backlight Based on Liquid Crystalline Polymer Film: A New Manufacturing Process
Authors: Cornelissen Hugo J. , Huck H. P. M. , Broer Dirk J. , Picken S. J. , Bastiaansen C. W. M. , Erdhuisen E. , Maaskant N. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA backlight for liquid crystal display illumination is presented, consisting of a commercial birefringent liquid crystalline polymeric layer innovatively laminated onto a micro‐structured plastic light guide. S‐polarized light is preferentially extracted from the light guide, and the efficiency was measured to be 1.78 time higher than in for a conventional unpolarized light emitting backlight.
39.2:Invited Paper:Large area, High Performance OTFT Arrays
Authors: Kelley Tommie Wilson , Baude Paul , Ender David , Gerlach Chris , Haase Michael , Muyres Dawn , Theiss Steven D. , Vogel Dennis 
Published: January 2005

AbstractRecent efforts at 3M have extended the use of polymeric aperture masks and surface modification methods to produce large area (approximately 6″×6″) arrays of high mobility pentacene TFTs on a variety of substrates. Results of high performance organic TFTs in active matrix display backplanes will be presented.
42.3: High‐Luminance Green Electroluminescence of Sputtered ZnS:TbOF
Authors: Liu Guo , Acchione Joe 
Published: January 2005

AbstractZnS:TbOF thin films have been deposited by electron‐beam evaporation and RF magnetron sputtering onto iFire thick dielectric substrates. Films deposited by the two techniques have different morphologies, luminance and aging characteristics. Bright and stable green electroluminescence of L60over 2000 cd/m2at 120 Hz has been achieved by sputtering.
10.1: Invited Paper: What is Electronic Paper? The Expectations
Authors: Omodani Makoto 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe expectations for Electronic Paper can be summarized as flexibility, readability, and multi‐functionality. This paper focuses on the goal of readability. Paper‐like readability should be accepted as the most important target of Electronic Paper, when we consider that no existing electronic display is as comfortable to read as paper. A concept of readable Electronic Paper is proposed, and its expected properties, style variations, applications, and various candidate technologies are summarized. As an indication of the realization of readability, an evaluation of user comfort when conducting reading tasks on paper and an LCD shows that free handling of the medium is an important factor in achieving excellent readability.
45.1: System‐on‐Plastic with Organic Electronics: A Flexible QVGA Display and Integrated Drivers
Authors: Van Lieshout P. J. G. , Huitema H. E. A. , Van Veenendaal E. , Schrijnemakers L. R. R. , Gelinck G. H. , Touwslager F. J. , Cantatore E. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA flexible 4.7‐inch QVGA active‐matrix electrophoretic display is demonstrated, containing 76800 solution‐processed organic transistors. In the same technology, 32‐ and 120‐stage row drivers are produced with adequate speed to drive a QVGA display. Both the display and the drivers are highly flexible. Bending the display to a radius below 2cm does not result in any performance loss.
49.1: Invited Paper: Psychophysics of Reading: Implications for Displaying Text
Authors: Legge Gordon E. , Cheung Sing‐Hang 
Published: January 2005

AbstractOur psychophysical approach has the goal of explaining the dependence of reading performance on text parameters in terms of our understanding of spatial vision. In this presentation, we will focus on the impact of three attributes of characters (contrast, size and bandwidth), introduce the explanatory concept of the visual span, and discuss implications for text displays.
50.3: Thin Film Encapsulation of OLED Displays with a NONON Stack
Authors: Lifka H. , Van Esch H. A. , Rosink J. J. W. M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractOrganic light‐emitting displays can be made as thin as the substrate if thin film packaging is used. We propose a novel multi‐layer stack of silicon nitride ‐ silicon oxide ‐ silicon nitride ‐ silicon oxide ‐ silicon nitride (NONON) as thin film encapsulation. We present results on the barrier properties of this stack and present a working passive matrix Polymer OLED demonstrator. The water permeability of a single NON‐stack deposited at 85 ° C was measured to be less than 1*10−6g/m2 day. The compatibility with the OLED structure itself and results on device operation will be shown.
59.2: Engineering a Low‐Cost Wearable Low Vision Aid based on Retinal Light Scanning
Authors: Bryant Ryland C. , Lee Cameron M. , Burstein Robert A. , Seibel Eric J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe Wearable Low Vision Aid (WLVA) is a portable system that uses machine vision to track potential walking hazards for the visually impaired. A scanning fiber display couples a laser diode to a vibrating optical fiber that projects a virtual image onto the retina to display warning icons that the visually impaired can recognize.
15.4: Invited Paper: Super PVA Sets New State‐of‐the‐Art for LCD‐TV
Authors: Kim Sang Soo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSamsung intends to be the world leader in LCD‐TV through a combination of superior product technology, advanced process execution, and aggressive capitalization. This paper will explore and update Samsung's latest developments toward its goal of ultimate LCD‐TV performance and market leadership. Most recently, development of Super PVA (S‐PVA) represents a key performance achievement. S‐PVA is a new technology which enables screen quality advantages over S‐IPS and MVA, including high transmittance, >1000:1 contrast ratio, and wide angle of view with no off‐axis image inversion. This new technology will be described in detail. This paper also addresses the other remaining performance issues facing LCD‐TV, including Samsung's plans for addressing these challenges. For example, until recently, inter‐gray response time and associated motion blur were significant issues for achieving quality LCD‐TV images. Samsung has invented DCC‐II technology to achieve sub‐10ms response time, and this achievement is described in this talk. Other technology advancements, including next‐generation color performance and ultra‐low black performance, will be discussed. This talk also updates Samsung's latest factory construction status, including the 7th generation line installation at Tangjung. The talk concludes with Samsung's outlook for LCD‐TV and some discussion of future plans.
22.1: Bistable Bend‐Splay LCD
Authors: Yu X. J. , Kwok H. S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA bistable liquid crystal display based on the bend and splay configurations has been demonstrated. This display can remain indefinitely either in the splay deformation or in the bend deformation mode. It has the advantages of wide viewing angles, good contrast ratios, faster selection and low operating voltages.
25.1: Field Emission from Carbon Nanotubes Grown by a Triode‐type DC Plasma Enhanced CVD
Authors: Lim Sung Hoon , Moon Jong Hyun , Yoon Hyun Sik , Park Kyu Chang , Jang Jin 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe report on the field emission from vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) produced by a triode‐type direct current (dc) plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The deposition system was designed to impose bias to mesh, which located in between the two electrodes. The density and diameter of CNTs could be controlled by mesh bias voltage. The CNTs grown with a mesh bias of +200 V exhibited the CNT density of ∼109/cm2 with 250 nm average length, a turn‐on field of 0.6 V/ μm, a current density of 1.5 mA/cm2 at 2.7 V/μm, and uniform electron emission.
11.4: Coupling Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Light Emitting Devices with Refractive Microlens Array on High Index Glass Substrate
Authors: Peng H. J. , Ho Y. L. , Qiu C. F. , Wong M. , Kwok H. S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAn approach to increase the coupling efficiency of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is studied. Refractive microlens arrays are formed on the high refractive index glass substrate by etching the glass using reflowed photoresist as mask. Over 65% more light is extracted from the OLED on the microlens array substrate as compared with the conventional device, without affecting the electrical performance. No color variation is induced by the microlens array.
Development of a new design simulator for poly‐Si TFTs to optimize the lightly doped drain structure
Authors: Nanno Yutaka , Senda Kohji , Tsutsu Hiroshi , Uchiike Heiju 
Published: January 2005

Abstract—A new design simulator to simulate the characteristics of poly‐Si TFTs taking into account its physical structure was developed. By using the simulator, we can optimize the length and the sheet resistance of the LDD region in order to obtain sufficient ON currents and to suppress OFF currents under both dark and illuminated conditions.