bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristic of Alteration and Mineralization of Sulfide Deposits at Sasak area, Tana Toraja, Indonesia
Authors: Ittong  , Maulana Adi , Irfan Ulva Ria 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aims to determine the characteristics of hydrothermal alteration and the mineralization of sulfide deposits in the Sasak area. The method used is field research which includes observations of lithology, geomorphology, and geological structures and subsurface data collection with geomagnetic and polarization induction (IP), laboratory analysis methods in the form of petrographic, mineragraphy, AAS, and Fire Assay. The alteration characteristics start from strong intense potassic, argillic, and intense silicification to strong intense prophylitic. The mineralization is sulfide consisting of galena (PbS), sphalerite (ZnS), chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), and covellite (CuS) as well as a small amount of chalcocite (CuS2). Limonite, magnetite, and quartz are the dominant accompanying minerals, while gold-silver (Au-Ag) tends to be associated with limonite or quartz. Covellite tends to exist on the surface of chalcopyrite. Galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, and covellite are complexly bound to pyrite minerals or between the three minerals in fine sizes, there is even superfine galena as inclusions in pyrite. Based on the characteristics of alteration and mineralization indicates a porphyry-type deposit.
Paleoweathering and Detrital Provenance of Balangbaru Shale, in South Sulawesi
Authors: Burhanuddin M.S. , Hidayah B. , Santy L.D. , Maulana B.R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sulawesi Island, known for its geological complexity, offers a unique opportunity for researchers to investigate further into sedimentary basins particularly in South Sulawesi area. The Cretaceous Balangbaru Shale is one of the rocks that has an extensive distribution in South Sulawesi especially in the western part. Due to limitation of geological information related to this formation we performed the paleodepositional investigation to elucidate the paleoweathering, geochemistry characterization, and detrital provenance of the Balangbaru Shale. Indeed, previous studies have demonstrated that fine-grained sedimentary rocks can serve as valuable archives of geochemical information, enabling the reconstruction of paleoclimate evolution during the deposition period. Employing XRF quantitative analysis, we examine the dispersion of major elements within eight distinct layers of the Shale. Additionally, comprehensive whole-rock analyses enable us to ascertain the abundance of major elements and subsequently deduce detrital SiO2 and biogenic SiO2 content, thereby comprehending the inorganic geochemical composition of the Balangbaru Shale.
The present study seeks to address the limited understanding of the geochemical properties of the Balangbaru Shale, specifically pertaining to paleoweathering intensity and detrital provenance. Acknowledging the scarcity of recent data available on the subject matter, this research aims to bridge the limitation data gap by conducting an in-depth investigation into the geochemical characteristics of the Balangbaru Shale by employing major oxides concentrations (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, P2O5, MgO, CaO, Na2O, MnO, TiO2, Cr2O3) and trace elements (Sr, Cu, Ba, Th, Ni, V, Th, U) into the equations such as C-value, chemical index alteration (CIA), plagioclase index of alteration (PIA), weathering index of parker (WIP) and ratio of Rb/Sr, U/Th, Sr/Cu, Sr/Ba. Furthermore, the major oxides ratio of Al2O3/TiO2 and TiO2/Zr were performed to specify the sediment provenance and the source-area rock compositions of the Balangbaru Shale. The obtained data reveals a moderate to high degree of weathering intensity in the detrital source environment of the Balangbaru Shale, suggesting warm to humid climate conditions in the source region. Additionally, the analysis of the detrital fraction indicates the possible origin of the Balangbaru Shale from felsic rocks. Overall, these findings contribute significantly to the understanding of paleoenvironmental conditions associated with the Balangbaru Shale, shedding light on its geological history.
Mineralogical Studies of the Tanjung Iron Mine in the Bone, South Sulawesi: Implication for AMD Generation
Authors: Saputra A , Ramli M , Sufriadin  , Nurhikmah  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The iron ore of abandoned iron mine at the Tanjung Arae in Bone Regency has been investigated with the aim to analyze mineralogical characteristics and its potential for generating acid mine drainage (AMD). Mineralogical properties of the iron ore were analyzed using optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Results of analysis reveal that the samples are dominated by iron oxide minerals such as magnetite, hematite and goethite. Other minerals are also present such as quartz, birnessite, pyrite and chalcopyrite. Mostly pyrite [FeS2] and chalcopyrite [CuFeS2] have been undergoing alteration which are characterized by weathering rims of those crystals and transformed into goethite and hematite. It is shown that the existence of pyrite [FeS2] and chalcopyrite [CuFeS2] may have significant roles in triggering the generation of AMD.
The Influence of Livelihoods on Coastal Settlement Patterns in Kampung Padang
Authors: Ali M. Haspi , Asmal Idawarni , Amin Samsuddin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Livelihood is important for a person to maintain his life. Livelihoods can determine the location and shape of settlement patterns. The problem that often occurs is the formation of settlement patterns in Kampung Padang, Selayar Islands district, which cannot be separated from the influence of population growth and activity from year to year which begins to develop because the population of the local community is getting denser so that it can affect settlement patterns both in terms of facilities and infrastructure, and social aspects-economy (livelihoods) in a residential area itself. Judging from the livelihood aspect of the people of Padang, some residents are now starting to have other livelihoods besides fishing; this new livelihood can provide added value to the economy in supporting their daily needs. This research aims to discover the characteristics of the Kampung Padang settlement pattern and how the population’s livelihoods affect the settlement pattern. This study uses a combined method, namely qualitative and quantitative. Data was collected through direct observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results show that the shape of the settlement pattern is clustered with an index value (T) consisting of North Padang 0.19, Central Padang 0.177, and South Padang 0.18. Moreover, it shows a relationship or correlation between livelihoods and settlement patterns.
Crustal properties investigation in the Meratus Complex Zone, Southeast Borneo, using H-κ stacking of receiver function analysis
Authors: Syuhada S , Pranata B , Anggono T , Dewi C N , Ramdhan M , Prasetio A D , Febriani F , Hasib M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study crustal properties using teleseismic receiver functions extracted from two broadband seismic stations around the Meratus Complex region, Southeast Borneo. The two seismic stations, BBKI and KBKI, are distributed in the Meratus Mountains and Pulau Laut. We then employ the H-κ stacking technique to measure the crustal thickness (H) and the crustal average Vp/Vs ratio (κ). The method works quite well for receiver functions recorded on seismic station KBKI. The thickness of the crust and Vp/Vs ratio underneath this station are around 38 km and 1.64, respectively. On the contrary, the standard H-κ method fails in estimating the crustal properties beneath station BBKI due to significant sedimentary contamination on the receiver functions. Thus, we apply the sequential H-κ stacking analysis by removing the sedimentary effect and increasing the Moho Ps amplitude. The result shows the thickness of the crust is around 29 km, although the Vp/Vs is not well determined. The research findings from both stations are comparable to those derived from the previous receiver function study using inversion modelling. The crustal properties around this area may reflect the continental material part of the Sunda continental block.
Preliminary study of the methanol production process from coal to support the coal downstream program
Authors: Daranin Edwin Akhdiat , Umar Datin Fatia , Gunawan  , Nendaryono  , Zulfahmi Z. , Wijaya Truman , Setiawan Liston 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Coal downstreaming is a government program to create a comparative and competitive advantage of coal and its various derivative products. Coal derivative products are expected to be economically competitive with oil and natural gas. One of the coal downstream programs is the production of methanol from coal through the gasification process. The development of the methanol industry will support the government’s program of the transfer from fuel-based oil to biodiesel and will reduce dependence on imports. All types of coal in this study can be used as raw material for the methanol production. The coal with high mositure content ((>40%), prior to the gasification process, a dewatering process is required. The dewatering process chosen is the steam tube drying process, the gasification process with a fixed bed gasifier type, the Davy or Johnson Matthey low pressure methanol synthesis technology and the copper – zinc oxide with aluminum oxide or chromium oxide (Cu – ZnO – Al2O3/Cu – ZnO – Cr2O3) catalyst type.
Depth Estimation of Moho Discontinuity Layer at 5 BMKG Seismic Stations in East Java Using Receiver Function Method
Authors: Susena P K O , Ariyanto P , Pranata B , Daryono  , Adi S P 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
East Java is one of the areas with a high level of seismicity due to the existence of a subduction zone in the south of Java Island. In addition, there are also active faults and active volcanos in East Java. This study aims to determine the depth of the Moho Discontinuity layer and subduction slab using receiver function method based on the iterative time domain deconvolution. This study was conducted using teleseismic earthquake data with an epicenter distance of 30°–90° from the receiver station and magnitude more than 6 (M≥6). 5 BMKG seismic stations that form a straight line are used, including those in the Bawean Arc (BWJI), Rembang Zone (BAJI), Kendeng Zone (SIJM), Modern Mountain Arc (PPJI), Southern Mountain Zone (GEJI). The depth of the Moho Discontinuity layer at BWJI Station was observed in ranges from 36–38 km, at BAJI Station it ranges from 39–40 km, at SIJM Station it ranges from 39–40 km, at PPJI Station it ranges from 46–48 km, and at GEJI Station it ranges from 33–36 km. In general, the Moho Discontinuity layer in the mountainous region is deeper due to the isostasy effect.
Isotropic sintering shrinkage of 3D glass-ceramic nanolattices: backbone preforming and mechanical enhancement
Authors: Chai Nianyao , Yue Yunfan , Chen Xiangyu , Zeng Zhongle , Li Sheng , Wang Xuewen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There is a perpetual pursuit for free-form glasses and ceramics featuring outstanding mechanical properties as well as chemical and thermal resistance. It is a promising idea to shape inorganic materials in three-dimensional (3D) forms to reduce their weight while maintaining high mechanical properties. A popular strategy for the preparation of 3D inorganic materials is to mold the organic–inorganic hybrid photoresists into 3D micro- and nano-structures and remove the organic components by subsequent sintering. However, due to the discrete arrangement of inorganic components in the organic-inorganic hybrid photoresists, it remains a huge challenge to attain isotropic shrinkage during sintering. Herein, we demonstrate the isotropic sintering shrinkage by forming the consecutive –Si–O–Si–O–Zr–O– inorganic backbone in photoresists and fabricating 3D glass–ceramic nanolattices with enhanced mechanical properties. The femtosecond (fs) laser is used in two-photon polymerization (TPP) to fabricate 3D green body structures. After subsequent sintering at 1000 °C, high-quality 3D glass–ceramic microstructures can be obtained with perfectly intact and smooth morphology. In-suit compression experiments and finite-element simulations reveal that octahedral-truss (oct-truss) lattices possess remarkable adeptness in bearing stress concentration and maintain the structural integrity to resist rod bending, indicating that this structure is a candidate for preparing lightweight and high stiffness glass–ceramic nanolattices. 3D printing of such glasses and ceramics has significant implications in a number of industrial applications, including metamaterials, microelectromechanical systems, photonic crystals, and damage-tolerant lightweight materials.
Effect of temperature, geometric parameters, and surface conditions on fluid mixing in a vertical port static mixer
Authors: Mathew Vinoj , Robinson Smart D S , Wins K Leo Dev , Dhas D S Ebenezer Jacob 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study comprehensively investigates how elevated temperature and surface roughness affect vertical liquid jet mixing in a multi-port nozzle, using both experimental and computational methods. It explores various geometrical parameters and precise nozzle positioning. Experiments, conducted across different temperature and surface roughness conditions, involve adjusting convergent nozzle angles, driving nozzle distance from the throat, and insert presence. Conductivity probes, turbidity meters, and pH meters quantify fluid mixing under diverse conditions. Optimal mixing conditions for vertical flow secondary fluid inlets are determined, along with corresponding mixing efficiencies for each port. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with ANSYS Fluent R2 2001 confirm that the highest mixing efficiency of nearly 98% is achieved with an elevated temperature of 50 °C, a rough-surfaced convergent nozzle, a helical insert, and a 45 mm driving nozzle distance, when all vertical ports are open simultaneously. These findings advance understanding of optimizing vertical-flow mixing in multi-port static mixers under varying conditions.
Staining, magnification, and algorithmic conditions for highly accurate cell detection and cell classification by deep learning
Authors: Ikeda Katsuhide , Sakabe Nanako , Ito Chihiro , Shimoyama Yuka , Toda Kenta , Fukuda Kenta , Yoshizaki Yuma , Sato Shouichi , Nagata Kohzo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Research into cytodiagnosis has seen an active exploration of cell detection and classification using deep learning models. We aimed to clarify the challenges of magnification, staining methods, and false positives in creating general purpose deep learning–based cytology models.

Methods
Using 11 types of human cancer cell lines, we prepared Papanicolaou- and May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG)–stained specimens. We created deep learning models with different cell types, staining, and magnifications from each cell image using the You Only Look Once, version 8 (YOLOv8) algorithm. Detection and classification rates were calculated to compare the models.

Results
The classification rates of all the created models were over 95.9%. The highest detection rates of the Papanicolaou and MGG models were 92.3% and 91.3%, respectively. The highest detection rates of the object detection and instance segmentation models, which were 11 cell types with Papanicolaou staining, were 94.6% and 91.7%, respectively.

Conclusions
We believe that the artificial intelligence technology of YOLOv8 has sufficient performance for applications in screening and cell classification in clinical settings. Conducting research to demonstrate the efficacy of YOLOv8 artificial intelligence technology on clinical specimens is crucial for overcoming the unique challenges associated with cytology.
Transgenerational exposure to deoxygenation and warming disrupts mate detection in Gammarus locusta
Authors: Pereira Beatriz P , Neff Simon , Borges Francisco O , Otjacques Eve , Barreto Guilherme , Ranucci Maddalena , Court Mélanie , Rosa Rui , Repolho Tiago , Paula José Ricardo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ocean deoxygenation and warming have been shown to pose a growing threat to the health of marine organisms and ecosystems. Yet, the potential for acclimation and adaptation remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of transgenerational exposure to reduced oxygen availability and elevated seawater temperature on the chemosensory-dependent mating mechanisms of male amphipods Gammarus locusta. Three subsequent generations were exposed to four experimental treatments for 30 days: 1) present-day scenario, 2) warming; 3) deoxygenation; and 4) warming + deoxygenation. After exposure, the number of individuals that reached adulthood was gauged, and adult males from F0 and F1 were subjected to behavioral trials to assess their capacity of long-distance female cue detection through quantification of response time, the first direction of movement, activity rate, and proportion of time spent in female scent cues. Ocean warming induced mortality, and reduced oxygen availability had adverse effects on each of the investigated behavioral traits, which were amplified when combined with elevated temperature. Still, when compared with F0, the F1 generation demonstrated more adaptability (i.e., higher activity rate and preference for female odors) to the combination of the two stressors, suggesting positive carry-over effects. Nevertheless, full recovery to control levels was not observed. Altogether, this study indicates that future scenarios of ocean deoxygenation and warming have the potential to disrupt chemosensory-dependent mate detection in amphipods, but also suggests possible behavioral adaptations. We call for greater research efforts on long-term impacts of ocean change on the behavioral and physiological processes of benthic coastal communities.
‘Permanent Temporariness’ as a Critical Lens: A Framework for Social Work with Forced Migrants
Authors: Birger Lior 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The realities of increasing numbers of forced migrants in Global North countries, including families and children, are shaped by a regime of permanent temporariness—the granting of temporary status for prolonged periods. This uncertainty-producing state means that people are temporarily banned from deportation, but their futures remain unclear and they have almost no access to rights, including social services. Whilst the role of temporality in understanding migrants’ everyday realities is gaining attention in migration scholarship, such a perspective has seldom been integrated into social work literature. As such, this article offers to adopt permanent temporariness as a critical lens for social work with forced migrants in ongoing precarious situations. It offers a conceptualisation of the meanings and implications of permanent temporariness for the lives of forced migrant families and children, manifesting on the individual, familial and extra-familial levels. Thus, the present article highlights the critical role that legal liminality plays in organising people’s lives and intensifying other coinciding post-migration challenges. Finally, implications for a temporal-aware approach in social work with displaced families and individuals are discussed, calling into question the linearity of social work frameworks and the necessity and feasibility of a future-oriented intervention in situations of prolonged uncertainty.
p38γ MAPK delays myelination and remyelination and is abundant in multiple sclerosis lesions
Authors: Marziali Leandro N , Hwang Yoonchan , Palmisano Marilena , Cuenda Ana , Sim Fraser J , Gonzalez Alberto , Volsko Christina , Dutta Ranjan , Trapp Bruce D , Wrabetz Lawrence , Feltri Maria L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which disability results from the disruption of myelin and axons. During the initial stages of the disease, injured myelin is replaced by mature myelinating oligodendrocytes that differentiate from oligodendrocyte precursor cells. However, myelin repair fails in secondary and chronic progressive stages of the disease and with ageing, as the environment becomes progressively more hostile. This may be attributable to inhibitory molecules in the multiple sclerosis environment including activation of the p38MAPK family of kinases. We explored oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and myelin repair using animals with conditional ablation of p38MAPKγ from oligodendrocyte precursors.
We found that p38γMAPK ablation accelerated oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and myelination. This resulted in an increase in both the total number of oligodendrocytes and the migration of progenitors ex vivo and faster remyelination in the cuprizone model of demyelination/remyelination. Consistent with its role as an inhibitor of myelination, p38γMAPK was significantly downregulated as oligodendrocyte precursor cells matured into oligodendrocytes. Notably, p38γMAPK was enriched in multiple sclerosis lesions from patients. Oligodendrocyte progenitors expressed high levels of p38γMAPK in areas of failed remyelination but did not express detectable levels of p38γMAPK in areas where remyelination was apparent.
Our data suggest that p38γ could be targeted to improve myelin repair in multiple sclerosis.
Biallelic BORCS8 variants cause an infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder with altered lysosome dynamics
Authors: De Pace Raffaella , Maroofian Reza , Paimboeuf Adeline , Zamani Mina , Zaki Maha S , Sadeghian Saeid , Azizimalamiri Reza , Galehdari Hamid , Zeighami Jawaher , Williamson Chad D , Fleming Emily , Zhou Dihong , Gannon Jennifer L , Thiffault Isabelle , Roze Emmanuel , Suri Mohnish , Zifarelli Giovanni , Bauer Peter , Houlden Henry , Severino Mariasavina , Patten Shunmoogum A , Farrow Emily , Bonifacino Juan S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
BLOC-one-related complex (BORC) is a multiprotein complex composed of eight subunits named BORCS1–8. BORC associates with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, where it sequentially recruits the small GTPase ARL8 and kinesin-1 and -3 microtubule motors to promote anterograde transport of lysosomes toward the peripheral cytoplasm in non-neuronal cells and the distal axon in neurons. The physiological and pathological importance of BORC in humans, however, remains to be determined. Here, we report the identification of compound heterozygous variants [missense c.85T&gt;C (p.Ser29Pro) and frameshift c.71-75dupTGGCC (p.Asn26Trpfs*51)] and homozygous variants [missense c.196A&gt;C (p.Thr66Pro) and c.124T&gt;C (p.Ser42Pro)] in BORCS8 in five children with a severe early-infantile neurodegenerative disorder from three unrelated families.
The children exhibit global developmental delay, severe-to-profound intellectual disability, hypotonia, limb spasticity, muscle wasting, dysmorphic facies, optic atrophy, leuko-axonopathy with hypomyelination, and neurodegenerative features with prevalent supratentorial involvement.
Cellular studies using a heterologous transfection system show that the BORCS8 missense variants p.Ser29Pro, p.Ser42Pro and p.Thr66Pro are expressed at normal levels but exhibit reduced assembly with other BORC subunits and reduced ability to drive lysosome distribution toward the cell periphery. The BORCS8 frameshift variant p.Asn26Trpfs*51, on the other hand, is expressed at lower levels and is completely incapable of assembling with other BORC subunits and promoting lysosome distribution toward the cell periphery.
Therefore, all the BORCS8 variants are partial or total loss-of-function alleles and are thus likely pathogenic. Knockout of the orthologous borcs8 in zebrafish causes decreased brain and eye size, neuromuscular anomalies and impaired locomotion, recapitulating some of the key traits of the human disease.
These findings thus identify BORCS8 as a novel genetic locus for an early-infantile neurodegenerative disorder and highlight the critical importance of BORC and lysosome dynamics for the development and function of the central nervous system.