bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of Visitor Satisfaction at Attractions: A Study of Kakum National Park, Ghana
Authors: Tengan Cornelius , Maayir Gordon , Sakyi Richmond , Kuusogre Augustine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Attractions are crucial in contributing to the overall satisfaction of visitors in tourism, and ensuring the satisfaction of visitors is key to the sustenance of attractions at destinations. Therefore, this study sought to ascertain the extent to which visitors are satisfied with the service dimensions at Kakum National Park (KNP), and to ascertain whether service dimensions vary with visitors’ socio-demographic characteristics. The study adopted a cross-sectional field survey and sampled 367 respondents for data collection using a questionnaire. Data were analysed via the mean scores and standard deviation. Independent t-tests and ANOVA were used to explore the difference between dimensions of satisfaction and socio-demographic characteristics of visitors. The study found that some satisfaction dimensions at the KNP in the Central region of Ghana vary with certain socio-demographic characteristics of visitors, namely age, continent of origin and level of education, at p-value ≤ 0.05. Visitors were found to be satisfied with all measured dimensions except the price. The study therefore recommends that the management of the attractions adopt conscious service strategies to enrich the experience of visitors in order to ensure better value for their money. This study’s findings expand knowledge about visitor satisfaction and how satisfaction dimensions vary with socio-demographic characteristics at destinations.
Sentiment analysis of reviews on cappadocia: The land of beautiful horses in the eyes of tourists
Authors: Barış-Tüzemen Özge , Tüzemen Samet , Çelik Ali Kemal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Cappadocia region is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Turkey, and its tourism sector has a significant share in the Turkish economy. In this study, we scraped TripAdvisor reviews of visitors of the Cappadocia region with the Python programming language and used them to analyse public sentiment using various supervised machine learning algorithms. The main purpose of the study is to help create competitive intelligence on both regional and global scales using social media data. For this, we applied Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, and Support Vector Machine methods to classify 4,770 reviews and get insights about the visitors’ perspectives. Results show that the majority of the tourists (90%) had a positive experience during their visit. Most of the complaints focused on the attitudes of staff members. In addition, all three supervised machine learning methods achieved high accuracy in their classification of the reviews. This study is significant in terms of providing a meaningful database for understanding visitor comments, the most important data for the development of tourism in the region, through state-of-the-art machine learning methods, and to direct improvements accordingly.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on travel behavior: A case study of domestic inbound travelers in Turkey
Authors: Sariişik Mehmet , Ceylan Veli , Kapucuoğlu Mustafa İnanç 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The main aim of this study is to examine post-pandemic travel intentions and the factors affecting domestic tourism in Turkey. For this purpose, a scale adapted to the field of tourism, based on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour, was used to collect the data forming the basis of the research. A total of 611 valid questionnaires were collected through the popular social media platform LinkedIn, with the questionnaire prepared between January 10 and April 29, 2022. SmartPLS 3 and SPSS were used for analysis. The resulting data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). It was determined that the variables of Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioural Control had a significant effect on post-pandemic travel intention. It was determined that domestic tourism participants intend to travel, but have a desire to do preliminary research on pandemic controls in the city they plan to visit.
Perceived teacher stress during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cimermanová Ivana , Krajčová Nadežda 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The rapid change in education in March 2020, triggered by the pandemic, prompted an equally swift response from stakeholders, managers, teachers, and, not least, pupils. Struggling with physical, technological, and methodological problems, teachers also had to contend with the social isolation of their pupils, as well as the emotional, technical, and learning challenges faced by the pupils, all of which, of course, had an impact on their own mental and physical well-being. The aim of the study is to investigate the extent to which the ability to use online tools influences the stress teachers faced during a pandemic, similar to the effect of school and government management support on stress intensity. The sample for this study comprised 72 male and female participants between the ages of 24 and 54 years. Convenient sampling was employed to collect data. The questionnaire with binary, Likert scale, and open-ended questions was administered to the sample. Correlation tests and t-tests were used to analyze the data in this study. The research revealed a statistically significant medium negative correlation between the intensity of stress and the ability to use digital tools, as well as a similar correlation between stress and the perceived support from the government. The results indicate that teachers’ ability to use online tools significantly improved during the pandemic. However, it also highlights the urgent need for changes in teacher training education to equip pre-service teachers with 21st-century skills.
EFL teachers’ beliefs and practices in teaching the speaking skills: the case of secondary schools in Bale Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Negewo Emebet Gemeda , W Mariam Getachew Seyuom , Alemu Adege 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To enhance learners’ speaking proficiency, teachers’ beliefs and classroom actions have crucial impacts in EFL classes. This study was conducted to investigate EFL teachers’ beliefs and practices in teaching speaking skills at secondary schools in Ethiopia. The study adopted descriptive and correlational research designs in which the data were collected through quantitative and qualitative methods. Sixty-four EFL teachers from some selected secondary schools were taken as a source of data. Data were collected using questionnaires, classroom observation, and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics: frequency, percentage, and mean. Two-tailed Pearson correlation was also used to show the relationship between teachers’ beliefs and their classroom practices. Qualitative data were analyzed in a verbal and narrative description. The findings from the teachers’ responses indicated that teachers have in general positive beliefs towards teaching the speaking skills communicatively. However, classroom observation results revealed that EFL teachers’ practices of teaching speaking skills contradict what they believe to be. The overall result indicated that teachers were not teaching the speaking skills as per language teaching theories, methods, and mainly to their stated beliefs. The study also showed a moderate positive relationship between teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding teaching speaking skills. Based on the result, it was recommended that the Ethiopian Ministry of Education should offer in-service professional development programs that focus on classroom teaching of speaking skills to teachers. EFL teachers should also exert their maximum effort to put their beliefs of teaching speaking skills into practice by overcoming unfavorable conditions inside and outside the classroom environment.
Enhancing EFL students’ proverb comprehension through the conceptual metaphor approach: A cognitive linguistic perspective
Authors: Alnujaidi Sulaiman 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Proverbs in English pose a challenge for EFL learners due to their metaphorical nature. This study compared three approaches to enhance EFL students’ proverb comprehension: Conventional-based, Pictorial-based, and Conceptual Metaphor-based. Pre- and post-tests were conducted on 70 EFL students divided into three groups. The Conventional-based Approach was used with 22 students, the Pictorial-based with 25, and the Conceptual Metaphor-based with 23. A one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences among the groups. The Conceptual Metaphor-based group outperformed the Conventional-based and Pictorial-based groups. It is recommended that EFL teachers adopt the Conceptual Metaphor-based Approach to deepen proverb understanding and retention. This approach enables learners to uncover the cultural values within proverbs, fostering language proficiency and critical thinking.
How do Lithuanian EFL students learn vocabulary?
Authors: Daukšaitė-Kolpakovienė Aurelija 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Vocabulary is an essential part of any language. The study discussed in this article intended to explore how Lithuanian EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students studying English at Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas, Lithuania, learn English vocabulary. To achieve the set aim, the following research questions were raised to answer: 1) Which vocabulary learning strategies (VLS) do the students use the most while studying English as a foreign language? 2) Which VLS do the students use the least while studying English as a foreign language? The study was carried out in 2023 using 31 open and closed questions in an online questionnaire that the students were asked to voluntarily fill in. The questions were based on the earlier done literature review distinguishing cognitive, social, and metacognitive vocabulary learning strategies. The students were not familiarised with the terminology of the strategies, but it was hoped that the described strategies in the given questions would also serve as useful information that the students could use while learning vocabulary in the future (if they had never used them before). As the study was both quantitative and qualitative, the latter data was processed using thematic grouping, content and descriptive analysis. The findings reveal interesting vocabulary learning preferences. Some of the VLS are used incidentally and occasionally (e.g., paraphrasing and placing words in sentences) while some others intentionally and frequently (e.g., guessing from the context or oral and written repetition).
Text-organising metadiscourse markers in academic texts
Authors: Celiešienė Vilija , Vaičienė Ingrida 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the use of text-organising metadiscourse markers as a means of the author’s stance expression in academic texts from a cross-linguistic and cross-disciplinary perspectives. This comparative study analyses scientific research articles in the fields of technology and social sciences (economics) written in Lithuanian and English. The results of the study revealed that the authors of the studied articles tend to create a coherent text, therefore the markers such as transition, endophorics, and references to the text are quite often. The more frequent evidentials, which are intended to refer to the publications of other authors, show the individual choices of the authors in the field of technology, probably determined by the peculiarities of the discipline or the requirements for publications of the scientific journals regarding the scope and organisation of the text. The results of the quantitative research demonstrated that more text-organising markers were found in the articles written in Lithuanian rather than English. The cross-disciplinary research indicated that authors use text-organising markers in the scientific articles of economics more often than the authors of technological academic texts, which means that disciplinary differences prevail. Qualitative research disclosed cross-linguistic and cross-disciplinary similarities, as the analysed examples of markers were employed by authors to perform the same functions. Furthemore, a similar perception of the organisation of the text emerged. No qualitative differences were observed in the use of the text-organising markers.
Enhancing pitting corrosion inhibition of AISI 304 stainless steel using a green frankincense-modified ferric chloride solution
Authors: Masadeh Sami , Al khateeb Shadi , Ajlouni Almontaser Bellah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To inhibit pitting corrosion of AISI 304 stainless steel (SS), the effect of different percentages of frankincense addition to a 0.5 M ferric chloride solution was explored in this work for the first time. The samples were investigated for pitting corrosion susceptibility via electrochemical noise (EN) tests, where the current and potential noises were recorded for 10000 seconds, and potentiodynamic polarization. The frequency domain of EN data was analyzed using power spectral density (PSD). Frankincense addition to the ferric chloride solution effectively reduced the pitting corrosion of AISI 304 SS. The pitting inhibition was concluded from the high fluctuations in current noises over the test period, its decreasing amplitude, the greater positive potential, the lower current values, and the lower spectral noise and noise resistances with increasing frankincense additions. Optical microscope images supported pitting inhibition with frankincense addition, where pits decreased in number per mm2 and size. A significant decrease in the pit size and pits mm−2 was observed with the 10 wt.% frankincense addition. It was attributed to the adsorption of the inhibitor on the stainless steel surface, inhibiting the adsorption of chloride ions. Additionally, frankincense addition reduced the corrosion current and increased the corrosion potential positively.
Sustainable Marketing and the Challenges of Green Marketing Communication: Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Buying Behaviour for Sustainable Products in the Czech Republic
Authors: Skokanova Dagmar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sustainability is a term that resonates throughout society in the broadest sense: from countries across continents, individual actors within communities or states – business entities, educational institutions and households, and public administrations. This is because the earth is highly likely to become unviable if we do not pursue sustainability. So many are aware of this and see sustainability as an important and no doubt long-term megatrend that affects us all. Businesses are not standing on the sidelines either, although it must be acknowledged that sustainability and economics do not always go hand in hand; however, projects with various practical sustainability benefits can be found. Unfortunately, sustainability is sometimes perceived as a topic that can be exploited in marketing in the form of “greenwashing.” This article addresses the challenges of green marketing communication, and examples from the Czech Republic are presented. Questionnaires were conducted to analyze and evaluate consumers’ attitudes and buying behavior toward sustainable products in the Czech Republic.
The Local Wisdom in Agroforestry Systems: The Case Study in Wanga Village, East Motoling Sub-District, South Minahasa Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Ratag Semuel Paulus , Pangemanan Euis Francoise S. , Paat Frangky Jessy , Mokoagouw Sarah , Manginsela Elsje Pauline , Ngangi Charles Reijnaldo , Pangemanan Lyndon Reinhardt J. , Yapanto Lis Melissa , Mamuaja Christine F. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the Wanga Village community manages land using agroforestry technologies. Based on the observations, different component kinds are found in the sites of the respondents. Agrisilviculture, agrosilvofishery, agrosilvopasture and agroforestry patterns employed by the residents of Wanga village.

Method: The approach is a survey that combines field observations and interviewing methods. Purposive sampling was used to select respondents, and the indigenous inhabitants of Wanga Village who oversee agroforestry land met the selection criterion. Interviews with respondents using questionnaires. Following the research results, a descriptive analysis was conducted on the data.

Results and conclusion: The Wanga Village community still uses an agroforestry technique to manage their land with the help of local knowledge. The agroforestry system in Wanga Village is still used to manage land utilizing the traditional knowledge of "mapalus" or "maendo," "toki bulu," and moon observation.

Research implications: The way the residents of Wanga Village observe the "New Moon" phase which comes once a month when the moon is in the west, appears at sunset and the moon adopts the appearance of a crescent. The young quartile moon phase follows the "new moon" phase, which lasts for three days during which people are believed to not plant anything. After the young quartile phase, people wait six days for the big moon phase, during which they believe they cannot plant any fruit plants because they will not bear fruit.

Originality/value: "Toki Bulu" is a community activity on agrosilvofishery land in providing fish food. Based on the results of interviews, the community's unique way of feeding fish is by "Toki Bulu" (tapping the feathers) first to call the fish. "Mapalus" is a social activity originating from Minahasa culture and is usually called mutual cooperation. "Mapalus" for the Tountemboan people is called "Maendo" which means taking the day or taking advantage of the day to work together with other people. The Wanga Village community still carries out this activity, especially in land preparation.
Biofilm Growth of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Tgc04 Exposed to Metformin and Variations in Cod Content
Authors: Pragana Luiz Gustavo , Bandeira João Antônio Carvalho , De Lima Kaíque Yago Gervazio , Vasconcelos Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This work aimed to evaluate the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa TGC04 exposed to 100 and 200 µg/mL of metformin, varying the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and flow regime.

Theoretical framework: Metformin is an oral antidiabetic agent with antimicrobial properties, excreted in an active and unmetabolized form. Like some non-antibiotic drugs, subinhibitory concentrations of metformin may contribute to the expression of microbial resistance in wild-type strains.

Methods: After the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of metformin was known, nine microcosms were filled with 500 mL of synthetic wastewater with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) at 10,000 and 1,000 mg/L in the presence of MIC and sub-MIC of metformin. Two incubation conditions were tested, with and without aeration (4 L/min). Biofilms were quantified after 2 and 24 hours at 25ºC by the crystal violet test.

Results and conclusion: It was observed reductions and increases in biofilm growth around 13 and 64%, respectively. The greatest biofilm growth occurred in cells exposed to 200 µg/mL of metformin. Both the flow regime and COD concentration were important for the development of the biofilm, whose cells were mostly weakly to moderately adhered.

Research implications: This work showed that wild strain P. aeruginosa colonize biofilms in the presence of non-antibiotic drug with antimicrobial activity.

Originality/value: The study provides evidence that in polluted aquatic systems with turbulent regimes, the inhibitory concentration of metformin promoted the least disturbances to the biofilm.
New Generalizations for Ϻ-Hyponormal Operators
Authors: Mohsen Salim Dawood 
Published: January 2024

This article contains a new generalizations of Ϻ-hyponormal operators which is namely (Ϻ,θ)-hyponormal operator define on Hilbert space H. Furthermore, we investigate some properties of this concept such as the product and sum of two (Ϻ, θ)-hyponormal operators, At the end the operator equation where , has been used for getting several characterization of (Ϻ,θ)-hyponormal operators.
Safety of medical personnel when using personal protective equipment during the liquidation of a biological and social emergency
Authors: Batov V. E. , Kuznetsov S. M. , Logatkin S. M. , Lizunov Yu. V. 
Published: January 2024

Relevance. According to scientific publications, preventive measures undertaken amid the COVID-19 pandemic failed to did reliably protect healthcare workers from the new coronavirus infection. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) that protected against biological factors failed to protect HCWs from becoming infected and in most cases contributed to the functional disorders and impaired health. The objective is to provide evidence-based justification of preventive measures aimed at increasing healthcare workers’ (HCW) safety by using PPE during elimination of biological and social emergencies (based on the case of the COVID-19 pandemic).Methods. The study design included four consecutive stages: occupational morbidity assessment for COVID-19, assessment of HCWs’ working conditions; assessment of HCWs’ safety when using PPE sets in real setting and simulation, and justification of preventive measures to improve safety of HCWs.Results and discussion. The first year of the COVID-19 pandemic saw the incidence of 30.4 % among all HCWs working at the Military Medical Academy, suggesting a high risk of infection transmission. Morbidity was utmost among HCWs specializing in infections, followed by a significant number of HCWs who do not work in contaminated areas on a daily basis (surgeons, urologists, traumatologists). In addition to high incidence rate, the new coronavirus infection pandemic demanded enforcement of specific measures associated with the use of PPE at increased physical stress, including amid elevated ambient temperature. A sociological survey and experimental data allowed to assess the risk of functional and heat-injury related health disorders, as well as injuries in HCWs using PPEs. In order to reinforce occupational safety and minimize occupational risks of health deterioration in HCWs wearing PPEs at work, the research results allowed to develop a two-stage preventive action plan: stage 1 includes identification of dangerous factors, whereas stage 2 focuses on preventive measures to eliminate negative impact of hazards and associated risks.Conclusion. A set of preventive measures developed for the COVID-19 pandemic suggests practical tools to reinforce occupational safety for HCWs who use PPEs to deliver biological and social emergency response and elimination.