bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Смертность трудоспособного населения России в начале XXI века: есть ли повод для оптимизма?
Authors: Щур Алексей Евгеньевич , Соколова Вера Васильевна , Тимонин Сергей Андреевич 
Published: December 2023

Смертность трудоспособного населения, начиная как минимум с 1960-х годов, определяла тенденции изменения ожидаемой продолжительности жизни в России, чем заслуженно привлекала внимание демографов и иных специалистов в области изучения здоровья населения. «Молчаливая» антиалкогольная кампания 2005 г. и общий подъем уровня жизни населения привели к значительному сокращению смертности в трудоспособном возрасте в 2005-2019 гг., обусловив быстрый, хотя в некоторое степени и восстановительный, рост ожидаемой продолжительности жизни. Насколько устойчив окажется прогресс перед лицом новых вызовов? Сохраняются ли резервы для улучшения здоровья россиян в трудоспособных возрастах? В попытке приблизиться к ответам на эти вопросы мы рассматриваем главные, на наш взгляд, изменения в уровне и структуре смертности по причинам смерти россиян в возрасте от 15 до 60 лет.
Исследование охватывает период с 2000 по 2021 г. и строится на данных официальной российской статистики; в том числе использована деперсонифицрованная база умерших, что позволило построить сопоставимые во времени ряды для некоторых причин смерти, что не всегда возможно в силу изменений в краткой номенклатуре причин смерти Росстата. Мы также используем данные Human Mortality Database в случае проведения сравнений со странами с наиболее низкими показателями смертности в трудоспособных возрастах.
В XXI веке наиболее значительный прогресс в России был достигнут в борьбе с внешними причинами (убийства, самоубийства, несчастные случаи); в структуре смертности их постепенно стали вытеснять заболевания преимущественно экзогенной природы (в первую очередь, болезни печени и кардиомиопатия). Особенно ярко это проявилось среди женского населения. Связь динамики смертности трудоспособного населения от всех причин и от «алкогольных», изначально очень сильная, ко второй половине 2010-х годов заметно ослабевает. Наконец, пандемия COVID-19 привела к существенным потерям населения в трудоспособном возрасте вследствие как смертности от самой коронавирусной инфекции, так и избыточного числа умерших от таких причин смерти, как отравления наркотиками и кардиомиопатия.
Несмотря на существенное сокращение в 2005-19 годах, смертность трудоспособного населения в России остается на весьма высоком уровне по мировым стандартам, сохраняя существенные резервы для ее дальнейшего снижения и, соответственно, увеличения продолжительности жизни. Пандемия COVID-19 и, вероятно, последующие события ставят новые вызовы на пути сохранения здоровья россиян в молодых возрастах.
Трудовая миграция в Россию (на примере московского региона): уехать нельзя остаться
Authors: Флоринская Юлия Фридриховна 
Published: December 2023

После окончания пандемии COVID-19 и снятия въездных ограничений ожидался рост трудовой миграции в Россию с постепенным возвратом к ее допандемийным объемам. Однако начавшийся в феврале 2022 г. вооруженный конфликт с Украиной, последовавшее введение санкций, падение рубля, турбулентность на рынке труда приостановили начавшийся процесс роста. В то же время не произошло и массового оттока трудовых мигрантов из страны, в том числе потому, что мигранты из стран Средней Азии, ставшие к этому моменту основными поставщиками рабочей силы, пока, по-видимому, не нашли серьезной альтернативы российскому рынку труда.
Трудовые мигранты продолжают работать в России и в 2023 г., однако скудная публикуемая миграционная статистика не позволяет делать прогнозов о развитии ситуации. Для получения дополнительной информации о нынешнем положении мигрантов на российском рынке труда и их ближайших планах на работу в России, ИНСАП РАНХиГС провел два опроса трудовых мигрантов в московском регионе, где работают более 40% иностранных граждан, в марте 2022 г. и марте 2023 г. Большинство опрошенных трудовых мигрантов на тот момент довольно позитивно оценивает свое текущее положение на рынке труда в России и не поменяло своих планов в связи с происходящими событиями. С другой стороны, в ответах на многие вопросы проявляется наличие заметной категории тех, кто не может определенно оценить перспективы своей работы в России в текущей ситуации. Также в 2023 г. определенно снизилась доля желающих стать постоянными жителями России и получить здесь долгосрочные статусы, что подтверждается данными статистики.
KHOYA: Jewish Morocco Sound Archive: Sounds, Voices, Memories, and Cognitive Rupture
Authors: Elbaz Vanessa Paloma 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
KHOYA: Jewish Morocco Sound Archive is a pioneering project to repatriate, digitize, record, and classify the remaining sonic memory of Morocco's dwindling Jewish community. This article probes into the necessary sociological cognitive rupture that either allows or disallows the formation of archival repositories of minority memory. Stemming from interventions since the eighteenth century, Morocco's Jewish archives have mainly been kept in the diaspora by Jewish communities and higher education institutions. Contextualizing them within the long durée of Jewish presence in Morocco, this article develops the challenges posed by efforts toward establishing centralized digital archival repositories of the Jewish minority within Morocco itself. This case study proposes a shift into crowdsourced archiving, thus allowing for the alternate grassroots history of Morocco to be maintained and told by intersectional minority actors themselves, while simultaneously engaging with the sonic role, gender, and memory of nonhegemonic and grassroots members of this minority community until today with the formation of an other-archives.
Beyond the Frame: Toward a Collection-Level Redescription of the Colbert Held Archive
Authors: Zohar Ryan 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
This article argues for the collection-level redescription of the Middle East Institute's Colbert Held Archive, a collection consisting of more than 18,000 color Kodachrome slides of photographs taken by Held throughout his time in the region as a diplomat and geographic field researcher. After discussing the importance of the collection and its possible uses for researchers in the field, this article details how any description of the archives should contextualize the American presence in the Arabian Peninsula during the photographer's time in the region. Arguing that the archives places a dual emphasis on geography and ethnography (the concerted combination of which might be called geo-ethnography), the author argues that the archives would be best served by a collection-level, rather than an item-level, redescription. The article draws from academic literature on reparative description, the More Product, Less Process (MPLP) approach, and Total Cost of Stewardship to suggest that this path forward is the most feasible and meaningful step that can be taken by a small special library to contextualize Held's work and his photographs.
The Counter-Archive: Eluding the Erasures of Iraq's Successive Wars
Authors: Alsaden Amin 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Institutional archives in Southwest Asia (or the “Middle East”) typically reflect the crises that have plagued the region since the advent of modernity. Documentation practices were scarce to begin with, and, if state-sponsored archives were ever established after independence, they usually remained inaccessible. This article ponders the fate of scholarship when the historical record is subjected to another degree of erasure, namely through the systematic destruction wrought by conflicts, as has been the case in Iraq over the past few decades. Using the challenge of accounting for the art-architectural movement that emerged in post–World War II Baghdad as a case study, this obliteration may provide an opportunity for redefining the role that scholars can play in writing histories of modernism in the region. Rather than dwelling on the incompleteness or loss of traditional archives, this article questions and decenters dominant archival practices, especially in places that have experienced, and continue to endure, organized violence. It adopts the notion of the “counter-archive” and demonstrates how alternative sources such as oral accounts, fieldwork, press coverage, memoirs, and private collections can shift the course of research and yield equally valuable alternative histories. Careful interpretation of these nonconventional and typically discredited sources, aided by novel digital representation methods, can not only produce more situated chronicles, defined by the agency of local protagonists, but can also demonstrate that crossing disciplinary boundaries can create richer, layered, and unexpected narratives.
Development of an Android-based virtual laboratory as a database learning media for vocational school
Authors: Umami Riza , Leksono Ibut Priono , Rohman Ujang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Tujuan pengembangan dan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan produk laboratorium virtual berbasis android sebagai media pembelajaran basis data kelas XI SMK dilengkapi buku petunjuk penggunaan “Vlab base” dan meningkatkan pemahaman serta hasil belajar siswa pada topik pengelolaan tabel pada basis data menggunakan Bahasa SQL. Prosedur pengembangannyamenggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dan pendekatan pengembangan aplikasi model waterfall. Hasil validasi dari ahli media mencapai prosentase 92 (sangat layak), ahli desain 93 (sangat layak), dan ahli materi 94 (sangat layak). Uji kepraktisan mencapai prosentase 95 (sangat layak), kelompok kecil 90,67 (sangat layak), dan uji coba kelompok besar 93 (sangat layak) yang mempermudah siswa belajar dan praktikum mandiri memahami pengelolaan database berkategori sangat layak dan dapat digunakan guru dalam pembelajaran. Hasil pre dan post test siswa meningkatkan nilai hasil belajar siswa sebesar 100% berdasarkan kriteria efektivitas ketika digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Abstract: The goal of this research and development is to create an Android-based virtual laboratory product as a database learning medium for class XI Vocational School equipped with a manual for using "Vlab base" and to improve understanding and results of student learning in the topic of managing tables in databases using SQL language. The development procedure employed the research and development (R&D) method to create Android-based learning materials and the waterfall model application development approach. The validation results are 92% (very feasible) from the media experts, 93% (very decent) from the design experts, and 94% (very decent) from the material experts. The practicality test reaches 95% (very feasible), the small group reaches 90.67% (very feasible), and the large group trial obtains 93% (very feasible), making individual practice and learning simpler for pupils to understand database management that is categorized as very feasible and can be used by teachers in learning. Based on the criteria of effectiveness for learning, the results of the students' pre-test and post-test showed a 100% improvement in the value of student learning outcomes.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Teaching Factory Smk Swasta Di Kota Malang
Authors: Kristian Dani , Yoto Yoto , Widiyanti Widiyanti 
Published: December 2023

Teaching factory merupakan bentuk proses pembelajaran dimana suasana industri dihadirkan secara langsung dalam proses pelaksanaannya. Tujuan teaching factory itu sendiri guna meningkatkan mutu tamatan SMK untuk mengurai tingkat pengangguran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi dengan menggunakan model CIPP. Model CIPP sendiri dipilih guna meninjau pelaksanaan teaching factory melalui aspek context, input, process, serta product. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data kuantitatif dan disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah guru produktif serta pengurus teaching factory SMK swasta di Kota Malang. Hasil penelitian ini ditinjau dari aspek context, input, process, dan product dalam kategori sangat sesuai.. Kata kunci:. Teaching factory, Evaluasi, CIPP, SMK swasta Kota Malang
Pengaruh Variasi Kuat Arus Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Pada Hasil Pengelasan GMAW dan SMAW Baja Karbon ASTM A36 Dengan Posisi Pengelasan 1G
Authors: Ajitama Bayu Himawan , Widiyanti Widiyanti Widiyanti , Marsono Marsono Marsono 
Published: December 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi kuat arus terhadap kekuatan tarik pada pengelasan GMAW dan SMAW pada baja karbon ASTM A36. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan eksperimen dengan desain rancangan pre experimental design. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada pengelasan GMAW dengan variasi kuat arus 180 A merupakan kuat arus yang paling ideal digunakan karena menghasilkan nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi, yaitu 442,73 MPa, sedangkan pada pengelasan SMAW dengan variasi kuat arus 100 A merupakan kuat arus yang paling ideal digunakan karena menghasilkan nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi, yaitu 442,93 MPa. Kata kunci: Variasi Kuat Arus, Kekuatan Tarik, GMAW, SMAW
Effects of Mitral Valve Surgery on Ventricular Arrhythmia in Mitral Valve Prolapse Patients: Five-Year Eollow-up
Authors: Malev E. G. , Omelchenko M. Yu. , Reeva S. V. , Mitrofanova L. B. , Parfenova N. N. , Timofeev E. V. 
Published: December 2023

Aim To evaluate the effect of mitral valve (MV) repair and replacement on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and to identify risk factors for the persistence of VA in patients with MV prolapse and severe mitral regurgitation (MR) during a mid-term follow-up.Material and methods A single-site observational, prospective study successively enrolled 30 patients (mean age, 55.2±9.9 years, 60% men) who underwent MV repair or replacement for severe MR due to MV prolapse or chordal avulsion. Transthoracic echocardiography and Holter monitoring were performed in all patients before and annually after surgery. A pathomorphological study of MV fragments excised during surgery was performed.Results During the five-year follow-up period (144 person-years), one case of sudden cardiac death outside a health care facility was recorded. MR severity progressed in three patients after MV repair. The total number of all VAs decreased during the follow-up period, with a significant decrease in the number of paroxysms of unstable ventricular tachycardia during the first two years after surgery. The presence of VA in the postoperative period was correlated with the severity of postoperative left ventricular (LV) remodeling: end-diastolic volume (EDV) (rs=0.69; p=0.005), LV ejection fraction (EF) (rs = -0.55; p=0.004) and severity of MV myxomatous alterations according to histological study data (rτ=0.58; p=0.045). The beta-blocker treatment did not influence the VA frequency and severity (rs= -0.18; p=0.69). According to a univariate regression analysis only EDV (p = 0.001), LVEF <50% (p = 0.003), and myxomatous MV degeneration (p = 0.02) were risk factors for persistent ventricular tachycardia in the postoperative period.Conclusion Surgical intervention on MV in patients with MV prolapse and severe MR decreased the number of cases of malignant VAs and was correlated with the postoperative changes in LV volume and function, as well as the severity of MV myxomatous alterations.
Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients Hospitalized With Decompensated Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Misan I. A. , Arisheva O. S. , Garmash I. V. , Cabello F. R. , Kobalava Zh. D. 
Published: December 2023

Aim To study the incidence and effect of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on clinical outcomes in patients with decompensated chronic heart failure (DCHF).Material and methods The study included 338 patients with NYHA functional class III-IV DCHF (51.2% men, mean age 72.8±11.7 years), arterial hypertension (AH) in 90%, myocardial infarction in 37%, atrial fibrillation in 64%, chronic kidney disease (CKD) in 42%, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in 35%, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% in 27%. NAFLD was diagnosed based on the 2021 Clinical Guidelines of the Russian Scientific Medical Society of Therapists and the Scientific Society of Gastroenterologists of Russia. The stage of liver steatosis was determined using transient elastometry with assessment of the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) of ultrasound (S, dB/m) using a FibroScan device. Threshold CAP values <294 dB/m corresponded to the degree of steatosis: S0; S1, 295-309 dB/m; S2, 310-330 dB/m; S3, ≥331 dB/m.Results NAFLD was diagnosed in 28.9% of patients. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included patients with CHF and NAFLD (n=98 (28.9%), 50.0% men) and group 2 included patients with CHF without NAFLD (n=240 (71.0 %), 51.6% men). A multivariate regression analysis showed that independent predictors of NAFLD were systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg (odds ratio (OR), 3.700; p <0.001), history of T2DM (OR, 2.807; p <0.005), and waist circumference >111 cm (OR, 2.530; p <0.012). Patients with CAP ≥331 dB/m (S3) had a worse prognosis during the 2-year follow-up for the composite adverse outcome (all-cause mortality + readmission) (Kaplan-Meier curves - Log-Rank p=0.035).Conclusions NAFLD was detected in almost one-third of patients hospitalized for DCHF. AH, T2DM, and abdominal obesity were associated with a high risk of NAFLD. However, only severe steatosis (S3) was an independent predictor of adverse clinical outcomes during a 2-year period after adjustment for known risk factors.
The Effectiveness of Outpatient Treatment Under the Control of the Soluble ST2 Receptor Concentration in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction After Acute Decompensation of Heart Failure
Authors: Muksinova M. D. , Narusov O. Yu. , Sychev A. V. , Sharf T. V. , Masenko V. P. , Tereshchenko S. N. , Skvortsov A. A. 
Published: December 2023

Aim To study the effectiveness of a treatment based on monitoring the soluble ST2 receptor (sST2) concentration in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).Material and methods The study included 37 patients hospitalized for ADHF with LVEF ≤40% and sST2 concentration ≥37.8 ng/ml at the time of discharge from the hospital. Patients were randomized into two groups: a sST2 monitoring (sST2M) group (19 patients) and a standard therapy (ST) group (18 patients). The follow-up period was 12 months. At baseline, the groups practically did not differ by clinical, functional, laboratory, and instrumental characteristics. For the sST2M group, the goal was reducing the sST2 concentration by >30% of baseline or to <30 ng/ml.Results Therapy in both groups was comparable both in doses and in frequency of administration of basic drugs. However, the diuretic therapy was more frequently adjusted in the sST2M group (3.0 [1.0; 4.0] vs. 1.0 [0; 3.0] adjustments per patient, p = 0.047), which required more visits to the clinic (7.0 [6.0; 9.0] vs. 6.0 [6.0; 6.0] visits per patient, p=0.024). In the sST2M group at 6 months, the sST2 concentration was decreased by 43.3% (p=0.001), and 13 patients (72.2%) achieved the goal. In the ST group, the sST2 concentration was decreased by 38.5% (p=0.001), and 11 patients (68.8%) reached the target values. After 12 months, the downward trend continued in both groups. In both groups, the NT-proBNP concentration decreased: in the sST2M group by 27.7% (p=0.014), and in the ST group by 31.9% (p = 0.006). By the 12th month, the decrease remained only in the sST2M group. Only the sST2M group had an increase in LVEF (+28.5%, p=0.003), a decrease in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) (-12.0%, p=0.017), and a decrease in left atrial volume (-13.4%, p=0.045); at 12 months, LVEF remained increased (26%, p=0.006), and LA volume remained decreased (-14.3%, p=0.028). Quality of life and results of 6-minute walk test (6MWT) improved in both groups. For 6 months of treatment, the sST2M group had a significantly lower incidence of composite endpoints (CEP, cardiovascular death and decompensation/hospitalization due to HF), 26.3% (5 events) of the sST2M group compared to the ST group, 83.3% (15 events) (p=0.029), primarily due to a lower incidence of decompensated HF. For 12 months of follow-up, the incidence of CEP in the ST group was 122.2% (22 events), and 47.4% (9 events) in the sST2M group (p=0.035).Conclusions The tactics of sST2 monitoring used in the treatment of “high-risk” HFrEF patients (with high sST2 concentrations) is associated with increased LVEF, improved functional status of patients, a beneficial effect on LV remodeling, and decreased incidence of CEP.
Right Ventricular Function in Surgical Treatment of Left Heart
Authors: Slivneva I. V. , Farulova I. Yu. , Skopin I. I. , Pirushkina Yu. D. , Murysova D. V. , Marapov D. I. , Golukhova E. Z. 
Published: December 2023

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate right ventricular (RV) function during left chamber surgery.Material and methods This was a single-site prospective cohort study. The study included 197 patients with valvular pathology of heart left chambers. Mean age of patients was 58 [47; 65] years. Precordial echocardiography was performed preoperatively and within one week after surgery.Results Decreased parameters of the right ventricular (RV) longitudinal function and global contractile function were observed postoperatively in the majority of patients. More noticeable decreases were observed in parameters of the longitudinal function (p<0.001). Analysis of the changes in RV contractility depending on the underlying pathology revealed the greatest changes in the contractile function in the mitral insufficiency group. In the mitral stenosis group, the greatest difference was observed in the tricuspid annular systolic excursion (TAPSE) (p=0.027). In the groups with aortic defects, all parameters of RV contractile function, except for the fractional area change (FAC), showed statistically significant decreases after correction of the underlying defect (p<0.05).Conclusions Surgical intervention for left heart valvulopathy can result in a decrease in RV function unrelated with systolic deficit of the left ventricle. Modern technologies allow multi-vector assessment of the RV contractile function. To assess the RV function, it is advisable to use a combination of parameters that reflect both global and longitudinal function.