bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genska banka zelja in žlahtnjenje hibridnih sort (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. f. alba )
Authors: RUDOLF PILIH Katarina , BOHANEC Borut , ŠUŠTAR VOZLIČ Jelka 
Published: December 2023

V Sloveniji ima pridelovanje zelja stoletno tradicijo, kljub temu pa se danes v glavnem pridelujejo le tuji hibridi in v manjši meri stare domače sorte. Prednost domačih sort je v lastnostih (npr. za kisanje), ki so vezane na zahteve domačega trga, medtem ko so hibridni kultivarji izenačeni, dosegajo veliko višje pridelke in imajo vnesene določene gene za specifične odpornosti proti boleznim. Pri dosedanjem žlahtnjenju zelja smo se na Kmetijskem inštitutu Slovenije kot tudi na Biotehniški fakulteteti osredotočili predvsem na žlahtnjenje hibridnih sort zelja, ki naj bi vključevale dednino domačih ali udomačenih sort ter imeli povečano odpornost na črno žilavko kapusnic (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Pammel). Kot izhodiščni material smo uporabili udomačeno sorto 'Varaždinsko' in angleški hibridni kultivar 'Hawke'. Čiste linije smo v preteklih letih dobili z indukcijo haploidov s pomočjo kulture mikrospor. Linije smo ocenili in križali ter križance primerjali z že uveljavljenimi tujimi hibridi. Na osnovi teh rezultatov bo zasnovan nadaljnji postopek. V kolikor bomo določili ugodno kombinacijo dveh ali več linij, bo del projekta usmerjen v razmnoževanje linij s samoopraševanjem, del pa v ugotavljanje izražanja inkompatibilnosti in navzkrižne sposobnosti opraševanja. Na ta način bomo pridelali hibridno seme, ki ga bo možno oddati v sortno testiranje, obenem pa se bo nadaljevalo delo na zagotavljanju možnosti pridobivanja semen izbranih linij. Na novo pridobljene linije bomo vključili v nova križanja in tako pridobili material, ki je potreben za nemoteno nadaljevanje žlahtniteljskega programa.
Pomemben vir dednine za križanja predstavljajo tudi domače avtohtone sorte. V genski banki zelja na Kmetijskem inštitutu Slovenije hranimo 12 različnih akcesij iz različnih predelov Slovenije. Od tega sta dva slovenska kultivarja, 'Emona' in 'Kranjsko okroglo', ki sta bila požlahtnjena na Kmetijskem inštitutu Slovenije. Akcesijam smo v preteklih letih določili tako morfološke kot tudi biokemične lastnosti. Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov smo izbrali najprimernejše in le te semenili. Na ta način smo pridobili seme rastlin primernih za selekcijo kot tudi za križanja, ki bodo v nadaljevanju lahko pripeljala do požlahtnitve novih sort in hibridov zelja.
Effect of nitrogen rate on seed yield, protein and oil content of two canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars
Authors: AMINPANAH Hashem 
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Rice Research Station, Tonekabon, Iran, to determine the effect of N rate on seed yield, protein and oil content of two canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. Two canola cultivars (‘Hayola-308’ and ‘RGS-003’) and five N rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha­-1), organized into a randomized complete block design with a factorial treatment arrangement and three blocks, were applied to plot areas. Results showed that N rate effect was significant (P < 0.01) for seed yield, protein content and yield, and oil yield but not for oil content. On the other hand, cultivar had only significant (P < 0.01) effect on seed protein and oil content. Moreover, the interaction between N rate and cultivar was significant at P < 0.01 for seed, protein and oil yield, illustrating that cultivars showed different responses to N rates for these traits. In general, the quadratic equation provided a good description of the relationship between seed, protein and oil yield and nitrogen rate. For ‘Hayola-308’, seed, protein and oil yield increased significantly as N application rate increased from 0 to 150 kg ha-1, but thereafter remained constant. In contrast, for ‘RGS-003’, seed, protein and oil yield increased significantly as N application rate increased from 0 to 200 kg ha-1. Therefore, at the highest N application rate (200 kg ha-1), ‘RGS-003’ produced greater seed, protein and oil yield than ‘Hayola-308’. Averaged across N application rate, the seed protein content of RGS-003 was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than that of ‘Hayola-308’, while the opposite result was observed for seed oil content. This study demonstrated the differential response of two canola cultivars to N rate in terms of seed, protein and oil yield.
Cultivar and growth phases – the factors affecting antioxidant activity of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.)
Authors: MUSILOVÁ Janette , LACHMAN Jaromír , BYSTRICKÁ Judita , VOLLMANNOVÁ Alena , ČIČOVÁ Iveta , TIMORACKÁ Mária 
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of cultivar and growth phase on the antioxidant activity (AOA) changes in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), as well as the its distribution in different plant parts. During 4 growth phases (GP) (buds formation - I, beginning of flowering - II, full flowering - III, full maturity - IV) stems, leaves, flowers, seeds were collected sequentially from 6 buckwheat cultivars – ‘Pyra’, ‘Spacinska’, ‘Kasho’, ‘Jana C1’, ‘Hrusowska’, ‘Emka’. The highest values of AOA were measured in flowers (GP III) in ‘Jana C1’ (93.17%) and the lowest value in stems (GP I) in ‘Spacinska’ (46.09%). The highest increase of AOA was observed in GP IV in stems in ‘Pyra’. Differences were compared for statistical significance at the level P < 0.05.
Phenotypic evaluation of scutellum-derived calluses in ‘Indica’ rice cultivars
Authors: PAZUKI Arman , SOHANI Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: December 2023

By using amenable MS based medium containing 4 mg l-1 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.4 mg l-1 benzyl-aminopurine (BAP), 30 g l-1 sucrose, 8 g l-1 Agar-agar, qualitative and quantitative traits of calluses initiated from four genetically and commercially valuable Northern Iranian rice cultivars including Hashemi, Hasani, Gerdeh, and Gharib were studied. Five seeds were placed in each Petri dish and three replicates of eight Petri dishes per replicate were incubated in a growth chamber at 25 ±2 °C in the dark and the averages for every replicate were employed in the analyses. Several important parameters related to callogenesis of the cultivars including rate of non-viable seeds, necrotic, scutellar, slow growing, and non-scutellar calluses, simultaneous callus induction from scutellar and non-scutellar tissues, seeds with appropriate callus, and root emergence were compared. Accordingly, calli of Gharib and Hashemi were highly responsive in callogenesis, while Gerdeh and Hasani produced dissatisfying calluses. Necrotic calluses, scutellar calli, and non-viable seeds were positively correlated with each other; although they were negatively correlated with non-scutellar calli, simultaneous scutellar and non-scutellar calli induction, and root emergence. The results of the present study are expected to be the first promising step to generate genetically manipulated Iranian indigenous rice cultivars.
Preliminary assessment of genetic diversity between Glebionis coronaria and G. discolor (Asteraceae) by AFLP markers
Authors: GALLUCCI Alessia , MUSARELLA Carmelo Maria , CANO-ORTIZ Ana , PIÑAR FUENTES José Carlos , QUINTO CANAS Ricardo , VILLANO Clizia 
Published: December 2023

Glebionis coronaria is a valuable and medicinal herb native of Mediterranean region. Recently, G. coronaria var. discolor has been elevated to the rank of species as G. discolor (d’Urv.) Cano based on morphological characteristics, distinguishing it from G. coronaria var. coronaria (=G. coronaria). To investigate the genetic basis of this diversity, AFLP markers were applied to genotypes of G. discolor and G. coronaria sampled in three different Mediterranean regions (Italy, Spain, and Portugal). Our results showed that among 1347 fragments identified with five primer combinations 99.55 % were polymorphic. The genetic distance and the Shannon Index values suggested that the two species can be genetically distinguished, but further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Posner Meets Hayek: The Elements of an Austrian Law & Economics Research Program
Authors: Zywicki Todd 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To date, Friedrich Hayek is the only winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics who also holds a law degree. The role of law is central to Hayek’s work and prominent in the research program of the Austrian School of Economics generally. Although Hayek’s contributions to jurisprudence are manifest, as are the influence of his economics ideas, his influence on the field of law and economics has remained modest. This lecture, delivered as the Keynote Lecture at the 2023 Asian Law & Economics Association Annual Meeting, provides an introduction to the fundamentals of an Austrian Law & Economics research program in contrast to the mainstream, Chicago-school research program that has dominated the field since its early history. Compared to the neoclassical approach, Austrian thinking provides a more insightful approach to many of the key concepts generally associated with the economic analysis of law: the nature and success of the common law as a system of law, the importance of stability and simple rules in the law, and the strong preference for private ordering via contract, personal autonomy, and voluntary exchange exhibited in the common law. I identify and briefly describe six key distinguishing characteristics of the Austrian school that distinguishes it from neoclassical law and economics: (1) Methodological individualism, (2) Utility and Costs are subjective, (3) the division of knowledge, (4) spontaneous order, (5) competition as a discovery procedure, and (6) the nature of economic equilibrium. I will also highlight some of the ways in which examining law and economics through an Austrian framework provides valuable insights about law and economics.
Circulating tumor DNA: current implementation issues and future challenges for clinical utility
Authors: Hu Qilin , Chen Lujun , Li Kerui , Liu Ruotong , Sun Lei , Han Tao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Over the past decades, liquid biopsy, especially circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), has received tremendous attention as a noninvasive detection approach for clinical applications, including early diagnosis of cancer and relapse, real-time therapeutic efficacy monitoring, potential target selection and investigation of drug resistance mechanisms. In recent years, the application of next-generation sequencing technology combined with AI technology has significantly improved the accuracy and sensitivity of liquid biopsy, enhancing its potential in solid tumors. However, the increasing integration of such promising tests to improve therapy decision making by oncologists still has complexities and challenges. Here, we propose a conceptual framework of ctDNA technologies and clinical utilities based on bibliometrics and highlight current challenges and future directions, especially in clinical applications such as early detection, minimal residual disease detection, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. We also discuss the necessities of developing a dynamic field of translational cancer research and rigorous clinical studies that may support therapeutic strategy decision making in the near future.
On the Attainable Set of Iterative Differential Inclusions
Authors: Ghalia Samia , Affane Doria 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we consider a first-order iterative differential inclusion. We study the existence of solutions and some topological proprieties of the attainable set, where the right hand side is an upper semi-continuous multifunction with convex values. Then, we treat the autonomous problem under assumptions that do not require the convexity of the values and that weaken the assumption on the upper semi-continuity.
İmplant Destekli Overdenture Protezlerde Sağlanamayan Bilateral Balanslı Artikülasyon ve Klinik Çözümü: İki Olgu Sunumu
Authors: TÜRKAY Taner , GÜVEN Mehmet Fatih , DEMİR Necla , YÖNDEM İsa 
Published: December 2023

Protetik planlama ve tedavilerde estetik, fonasyon ve fonksiyonun yeniden düzenlenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Tedavi öncesi hasta talepleri ve tedavi sonrası şikayetler bunların öncelik sıralamasını etkileyebilmektedir.
Birinci olgu sunumunda; 55 yaşında kadın tam dişsizlik olgusunun, alt üst (üst 4, alt 3 adet) implant destekli overdenture protezler ile olan tedavisi anlatıldı. Konvansiyonel adımlardan farklı bir protokolle tedavisi tamamlanan hastanın tedavisi pantografik kayıt cihazı ile eklemine ait dinamik verilerin açısal değerleri ile programlı tam ayarlanabilir artikülatör kullanılarak tamamlandı.
İkinci olgu sunumunda; Mevcut protezlerinin yenilenmesini isteyen 65 yaşında kadın hastanın, tam dişsiz üst çenenin total protez ile, alt çenenin implant destekli overdenture protez ile olan tedavisi anlatıldı. Tedavi ilk olgu sunumuna benzer bir protokolle tamamlandı. Her iki vakanın final protezlerinde elde edilen pembe ve beyaz estetik memnuniyet vericidir. Ancak protezlerin final estetiğine rağmen artikülasyondaki erken temaslar memnuniyetsizliğe yol açmıştır.
Her iki olguda da protezlerin teslimi sonrası hastaların protezlerinin belirli diş temaslarında yerinden oynadığı yönünde şikayetleri oldu. Gerekli dinamik stabilitenin sağlanabilmesi için her iki olgu sunumunda da direkt ağız içi tespitle dinamik faset onarımları yapıldı. 1. olguda dinamik stabilite 6 haftanın sonunda, 2. olguda ise teslim anında sağlanabildi.
Diş Hekimliği Uzmanlık Eğitimi Giriş Sınavında Sorulan Restoratif Diş Tedavisi Sorularının İncelenmesi
Authors: ACARTÜRK Musa 
Published: December 2023

Öz
Amaç: Uzmanlık eğitimi almak isteyen diş hekimlerinin, Diş Hekimliği Uzmanlık Eğitimi Giriş Sınavı’na (DUS) girmeleri gerekmektedir. Çıkmış soruların konu dağılımları hakkında bilgi edinmek, sınava hazırlanan adaylar için faydalı olmaktadır. Literatür incelendiğinde bu konuda herhangi bir araştırmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Bu çalışma, son 10 yıldaki DUS Restoratif Diş Tedavisi sorularının retrospektif olarak incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma için gerekli etik kurul izni alınmıştır. Çalışmaya, son 10 yılda sorulmuş olan 130 adet DUS Restoratif Diş Tedavisi sorusu dahil edilmiştir. Konu başlıkları Ölçme, Seçme ve Yerleştirme Merkezi’nin (ÖSYM) referans kitap olarak gösterdiği kaynaklar doğrultusunda hazırlanmıştır. Soruların konulara ve yıllara göre dağılımları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, soruların dağılımları yüzde olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda; en fazla diş çürükleri (n:16) konusundan, en az ise dişlerin gelişim bozuklukları (n:2) ve restoratif diş hekimliğinde hasta muayenesi (n:2) konularından soru sorulduğu belirlenmiştir. Diş çürükleri konusunda en fazla soru (n:4) 2013 yılı ilkbahar döneminde sorulmuştur. Ayrıca bazı konulardan da hiç soru sorulmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar, yıllara göre konu dağılımlarında düzensizliklerin olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bazı konulardan en az iki sene de bir soru sorulduğu, bazı konulardan ise hiç soru sorulmadığı saptanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarının, sınava hazırlık sürecinde yararlı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Diş hekimliğinde uzmanlık sınavı, Konu dağılımı, Restoratif diş tedavisi.
Evaluation of the Effect of an Energy Drink And 35% Hydrogen Peroxide on Discoloration and Microhardness of Current Restorative Materials
Authors: KARA Recep 
Published: December 2023

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of 35% hydrogen peroxide and carbonated energy drinks on microhardness and discoloration of CAD/CAM hybrid blocks and existing composite resins.
Materials and Methods: Fifteen disc (4x10 mm) samples were produced from each material (Tetric-N-Ceram=TNC, Estelite Sigma Quick=ESQ, Shofu HC=SH and Vita Enamic=VE). Five samples from each group were randomly assigned according to the application procedure (soaking in an aerated energy drink, 37 °C distilled water, and exposure to 35% hydrogen peroxide bleach gel). The color change and microhardness of the samples were measured before and after the treatments. Data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney-U, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, a one-way ANOVA, and a post hoc test (p>0.05).
Results: No change in microhardness was observed in all groups. The highest color change was found in the ESQ group exposed to hydrogen peroxide, while the lowest color change was found in the VE group. Energy drink and hydrogen peroxide do not affect the microhardness of test materials, but may cause discoloration.
Temporomandibular Eklemin Transkraniyal Görüntülenmesinde Farklı Açılamaların Değerlendirilmesi: İn Vitro Çalışma
Authors: KAPLANOĞLU Kadir , AKGÜNLÜ Faruk 
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Temporomandibular eklem, baş bölgesinde hareketli olan tek eklemdir. Temporomandibular eklem radyolojik incelemelerinde görülmesi istenen dokular; kondil, glenoid fossa, eklem diski ve komşu yumuşak dokulardır. Bunları değerlendirmek için farklı yöntemler uygulanır. Çalışmamızın amacı, temporomandibular eklemin lateral transkraniyal radyografik yöntem ile görüntülenmesinde en ideal açılamanın değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kafa modelde sol temporomandibular eklem bölgesi üzerinde çalışıldı. Kondil başı ve artiküler fossaya belirteç olarak gutta perka parçaları yerleştirildi. Kafa model üzerindeki belirteçler arası mesafeler dijital kumpas ile ölçülerek yedi farklı parametrenin gerçek boyutları belirlendi. Periapikal röntgen cihazı kullanılarak sol temporomandibular eklem bölgesinden vertikalde 3, horizontalde 5 farklı açı kombinasyonu sonucunda 15 farklı açılama altında radyograflar elde edildi. Çalışma süresince yapılan ölçümler sonucunda elde edilen veriler Windows ortamında SPSS (SPSS Statistics 17.0, Chicago, USA) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Alınan radyograflar üzerindeki parametre boyutları istatistiksel olarak Two-way Anova testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir (p˂0.05). Elde edilen verilerin homojen dağılıp dağılmadığı Kolmogorov-Smirnov ve Shapiro-Wilk testi ile değerledirilmiş olup, verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Bütün açılamalar değerlendirildiğinde Metapacs Viewer ve İmage J ölçüm yöntemleri arasında anlamlı fark olmadığı gözlenmiştir (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Tüm parametreler birlikte değerlendirildiği zaman gerçek boyuta en uzak açılama: 25V +20H olarak, en ideal açılamalar ise: 20V -20H ve 25V -10H olarak belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İn vitro, Radyografi, Temporomandibular eklem.
The Effect of Beverages and Polishing on Color Change of Different Temporary Prosthetic Materials: In Vitro Study
Authors: RENÇBER KIZILKAYA Ayşe , DURSUN Meltem Nermin 
Published: December 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of five different beverages and polishing on the color change of two different temporary prosthetic materials manufactured with different methods.
Method: 160 (10x2 mm) disc-shaped samples were fabricated using direct (Acrytemp)(n=80) and indirect (Imident) (n=80) temporary prosthetic materials. Samples prepared using molds were divided into four groups as polished (direct/indirect material) and unpolished (direct/indirect material) (n=40 each). After initial measurement of L,a,b values using a spectrophotometer, the samples in each group were immersed in five different beverages (distilled water (DW), coffee (CF), cola (CC), sour cherry juice (CJ), red wine (RW) (n=8) and stored for 7 days. Then, the spectrophotometric measurements of the samples were repeated and the color change (ΔE00) values were calculated. Data were analyzed using a three-way-ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey HSD test (p=0.05).
Results: Greater color change was observed in the direct temporary material (p
Die Novellierung der Verbraucherkreditrichtlinie
Authors: Wittig Judith 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Im Juni 2021 legte die Europäische Kommission nach einer vorangegangenen umfassenden Konsultation ihren Entwurf zur grundlegenden Novellierung der Verbraucherkreditrichtlinie 2008/48/EU (nachstehend VerbraucherkreditRL 2008) vor. Ein Jahr später veröffentlichte der Europäische Rat am 7. 6. 2022 seinen Gegenentwurf. Im nachfolgenden Trilog zwischen Europäischer Kommission, Europäischem Rat und Europäischem Parlament konnte im April 2023 Einigung über den Richtlinientext erzielt werden. Das Europäische Parlament hat am 12. 9. 2023 in erster Lesung den Text verabschiedet und zur weiteren Verhandlung an den Rat und die Kommission übermittelt. Es ist daher an der Zeit, sich mit dem vom Parlament verabschiedeten Richtlinientext zu befassen und einen ersten Überblick über die wesentlichen Änderungen und deren voraussichtliche Auswirkungen auf die Praxis bei der Vergabe von Verbraucherkrediten in Deutschland zu geben.
Rēzekne Jewish Cemetery as a Representative Substructure of the “Other” in the Culture of Latgale
Authors: Senkāne Olga 
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to analyze the verbal and non-verbal signs of the Rēzekne Jewish cemetery with the cultural semiotic approach and to find out the hybridization features of the Jewish semiosphere in Latgale. The article describes the Rēzekne Jewish cemetery as a representative substructure of the “other” in the culture of Latgale with special traditions of language and ritual graphics, valuable genealogical material and historical evidence about the fate of local Jews and with a special tomb cult, determined by the ethnically diverse environment.
Jews in Latgale have always nurtured and preserved their cultural otherness; this is also characteristic of their traditions of arranging cemeteries. Depending on the cultural and social trends of the relevant era, it is possible to trace changes in the formation of grave inscriptions, graphics and forms. Interrelations with the traditions of the local majority, the Latgalians, show the hybridization of the culture of Jewish cemeteries. In the 20th century, Yiddish is gradually disappearing from grave inscriptions, that is caused by decreasing of the number of its speakers. During the Soviet occupation, the role of the sacred language – Hebrew in grave inscriptions decreased, while the proportion of Russian in the narrative of the inscriptions increased. During the last decade of the 20th century, grave inscriptions are predominant in Russian, which confirms the decline in the number of Hebrew speakers. The symbolic meaning of tomb cult graphics in the second half of the 20th century levels off, and local Jews take over Latgalian traditions of the design of tombstones. The graphic shows the transmission of information to the receivers of the “other” culture, for example, the yellow Star of David is represented instead of the menorah, since the yellow six-pointed star is more recognizable to the local population as a testimony of the Holocaust. A menorah may not cause an association with a Jew, because candles and candlesticks are usual graphic elements of Latgalian tombs. Such a trend in the choice of symbols indicates a unique cultural dialogue and its implementation tools, which are oriented towards the self-presentation of a separate ethnic group, using recognizable stereotypical signs instead of specific cult symbols, the language of local residents instead of their sacred language. They want to be understood and understandable for themselves because the number of people who know the authentic meaning of Hebrew and sacred cult signs in Latgale and Rēzekne is quite small. In any case, communication or cultural dialogue still exists, at least the tomb culture is still capable of transmitting its basic values in the form of stereotypical, well-known signs. In this way, the “other” tends to be noticed and understood.