bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radio survey of the stellar population in the infrared dark cloud G14.225-0.506
Authors: Díaz-Márquez Elena , Grau Roger , Busquet Gemma , Girart Josep Miquel , Sánchez-Monge Álvaro , Palau Aina , Povich Matthew S. , Añez-López Nacho , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Zhang Qizhou , Estalella Robert 
Published: December 2023

Context. The infrared dark cloud (IRDC) G14.225-0.506 is part of the extended and massive molecular cloud located to the southwest of the H II region M17. The cloud is associated with a network of filaments, which result in two different dense hubs, as well as with several signposts of star formation activity and a rich population of protostars and young stellar objects (YSOs).
Aims. The aim of this work is to study the centimeter continuum emission in order to characterize the stellar population in both regions, as well as to study the evolutionary sequence across the IRDC G14.225-0.506.
Methods. We performed deep (~ 1.5–3 μJy) radio continuum observations at 6 and 3.6 cm toward the IRDC G14.225-0.506 using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in its most extended A configuration (~0.3″). Data at both C and X bands were imaged using the same (u,v) range in order to derive spectral indices. We have also made use of observations taken during different days to study the presence of variability at short timescales toward the detected sources.
Results. We detected a total of 66 sources, 32 in the northern region G14.2-N and 34 in the southern region G14.2-S. Ten of the sources are found to be variable, with three located in G14.2-N and seven in G14.2-S. Based on their spectral index, the emission in G14.2-N is mainly dominated by nonthermal sources while G14.2-S contains more thermal emitters. Approximately 75% of the sources present a counterpart at other wavelengths. When considering the inner 0.4 pc region around the center of each hub, the number of infrared (IR) sources in G14.2-N is larger than in G14.2-S by a factor of 4. We also studied the relation between the radio luminosity and the bolometric luminosity, finding that the thermal emission of the studied sources is compatible with thermal radio jets. For our sources with X-ray counterparts, the nonthermal emitters follow a Güdel-Benz relation with κ = 0.03, as previously suggested for other similar regions.
Conclusions. We found similar levels of fragmentation between G14.2-N and G14.2-S, suggesting that both regions are most likely twin hubs. The nonthermal emission found in the less evolved objects, mainly coming from G14.2-N, suggests that G14.2-N may be composed of more massive YSOs as well as being in a more advanced evolutionary stage, consistent with the “filament-halo” gradient in age and mass from previous works. Overall, our results confirm a wider evolutionary sequence from the southwest to northeast starting in G14.2-S as the youngest part, followed by G14.2-N, and ending with the most evolved region M17.
Highly active nickel-loaded β-SiC nanowire catalysts for photocatalytic H2 production by water splitting
Authors: Wang Ying , Yang Shuai , Li Xiang , Huang Wei , He Zheng-fa , Fu Xian-liang , Zhu Li , Xu Man 
Published: December 2023

Developing a highly efficient water-splitting photocatalyst for hydrogen production under visible light is urgent. In this study, β-SiC nanowire photocatalysts loaded with 0.01–0.1 wt. % nickel were prepared. Their microstructure and hydrogen production activity were studied. The catalyst with 0.05 wt. % nickel and a sacrificial agent Na2S–Na2SO3 shows the highest hydrogen production rate of 375.4 µmol g−1 h−1 since the loaded nickel prohibits the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs in the system, which enhances the photocatalytic activity.
Combining common heuristic sets for a new exhaustive usability evaluation of e-learning interface
design
Authors: Menad Nadia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With global school shut-downs due to the pandemic, in 2020 many educational institutions and universities were
making use of e-learning like never before, but designing lesson plans for a digital space came with its own set of challenges. In
most modern universities, education is still based on traditional learning methods and the teacher-centred physical classrooms.
However, with nationwide school closures, teachers had no choice but to turn to e-learning for solutions. Usability evaluation of
this kind of platform, therefore, has become essential, and a priority in the application development process. A set of usability
evaluation methods have been developed to allow specialists to systematically determine whether graphical interfaces are usable.
The usability assessment questionnaire is one of the most used methods and is intended to be answered by end-users of the
application. This method is preferred due to its simplicity and low demand for resources.
In this paper, a usability evaluation which combines existing work is presented. Based on existing heuristics, we
propose a new questionnaire for evaluating e-learning interface design. In addition, we illustrate two different methodologies for
evaluating e-learning interface design, and provide a quantitative rate, Usability Percentage (UP), which
complements the usual qualitative data provided by this kind of evaluation.
La mediación textual a partir de estrategias de reformulación
Authors: Nadal Laura , Thome Sarah 
Published: December 2023

Resumen
El Aprendizaje Integrado de Lengua y Contenidos o CLIL (por sus siglas en inglés, Content
Language Integrated Learning) constituye un enfoque ecléctico en el que la lengua meta se emplea como medio para la
enseñanza de contenidos de diferentes áreas. En este contexto, las actividades comunicativas de mediación propuestas por el Marco
Común Europeo de Referencia (MCER) cobran especial interés. Este estudio a pequeña escala compara, a partir de una actividad de
mediación lingüística de procesamiento textual, el rendimiento de dos grupos de alumnos de alemán como lengua extranjera
(DaF) de nivel A2-B1: uno inmerso en un programa CLIL y otro bajo un enfoque tradicional (grupo no CLIL). A
la luz del análisis de los datos se comprueba que los alumnos CLIL demuestran mayor recursividad en el empleo de estrategias de
reformulación en la presentación de un texto mediado. Igualmente, los datos permiten observar un efecto positivo en la integración
de la L1 en actividades comunicativas de mediación.
Can equine communication via audible exhales improve the welfare of therapy horses? – A pilot practice project
Authors: Naber Anna , Völk Magdalena , Hediger Karin , Zink Roswitha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Human-animal interactions in human services are on the rise, with an increased focus on the welfare of animals involved as well as on client safety. Based on scientifically based training methods, it has been proposed that horses involved in therapy settings could benefit from learning proactive strategies to reduce stress. One possible strategy is audible exhale communication (AEC). Inviting horses to actively use this strategy with humans could enhance the welfare of horses in equine-assisted therapy (EAT), thereby increasing client safety.
Methods: A pilot project was conducted to test the feasibility of training 20 therapy horses to use AEC as a veto signal for an activity, while therapists responded to the signals. The number of audible exhales from the horses was compared between the initial and final training sessions. Furthermore, we tested whether age, years of training experience, and therapy experience served as moderating variables for the outcome. Additionally, qualitative observations were made by therapists working with the horses.
Results: It has become apparent that training the horses to use AEC was successful. After 6 months of training, the horses showed a significantly higher number of audible exhales than in the initial training session, with a large effect size. Neither age nor years of training or therapy experience was found to be a moderating variable. The horses were eagerly engaged with newly acquired tools. These showed fewer indications of stress, greater sense of relaxation, and more positive emotions.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this pilot study, training horses to use AEC might be a feasible approach to reduce stress in horses working in therapeutic settings, increase client safety, enhance human-animal relationships, and open up new possibilities for improving the therapeutic process. This method is applicable to all horses, regardless of their age, training level, or experience in therapy. For future research, it would be interesting to replicate and extend the approach by addressing the aforementioned limitations and using a randomized controlled design to investigate the introduction and impact of AEC in a therapeutic setting and to gain more comprehensive insights.
Machine-learning Love: classifying the equation of state of neutron stars with transformers
Authors: Gonçalves Gonçalo , Ferreira Márcio , Aveiro João , Onofre Antonio , Freitas Felipe F. , Providência Constança , Font José A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The use of the Audio Spectrogram Transformer (AST) model for gravitational-wave data
analysis is investigated. The AST machine-learning model is a convolution-free classifier that
captures long-range global dependencies through a purely attention-based mechanism. In this paper
a model is applied to a simulated dataset of inspiral gravitational wave signals from binary
neutron star coalescences, built from five distinct, cold equations of state (EOS) of nuclear
matter. From the analysis of the mass dependence of the tidal deformability parameter for each EOS
class it is shown that the AST model achieves a promising performance in correctly classifying the
EOS purely from the gravitational wave signals, especially when the component masses of the binary
system are in the range [1,1.5]M
⊙. Furthermore, the generalization ability of the model
is investigated by using gravitational-wave signals from a new EOS not used during the training of
the model, achieving fairly satisfactory results. Overall, the results, obtained using the
simplified setup of noise-free waveforms, show that the AST model, once trained, might allow for
the instantaneous inference of the cold nuclear matter EOS directly from the inspiral
gravitational-wave signals produced in binary neutron star coalescences
Revisiting coupled CDM-massive neutrino perturbations in diverse cosmological backgrounds
Authors: Pal Sourav , Samanta Rickmoy , Pal Supratik 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Massive neutrinos are well-known to cause a characteristic suppression in the growth of structures at scales below the neutrino free-streaming length. A detailed understanding of this suppression is essential in the era of precision cosmology we are entering into, enabling us to better constrain the total neutrino mass and possibly probe (beyond)-ΛCDM cosmological model(s). Instead of the usual N-body simulation or Boltzmann solver, in this article we consider a two-fluid framework at the linear scales, where the neutrino fluid perturbations are coupled to the CDM (+ baryon) fluid via gravity at redshifts of interest. Treating the neutrino mass fraction f
ν as a perturbative parameter, we find solutions to the system with redshift-dependent neutrino free-streaming length in ΛCDM background via two separate approaches. The perturbative scale-dependent solution is shown to be in excellent agreement with numerical solution of the two-fluid equations valid to all orders in f
ν, and also agrees with results from CLASS to a good accuracy. We further generalize the framework to incorporate different evolving dark energy backgrounds and found sub-percent level differences in the suppression, all of which lie within the observational uncertainty of BOSS-like surveys. We also present a brief discussion on the prospects of the current analysis in the context of upcoming missions.
Simulation of High-contrast Polarimetric Observations of Debris Disks with the Roman Coronagraph Instrument
Authors: Anche Ramya M , Douglas Ewan , Milani Kian , Ashcraft Jaren , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Debes John H , Milli Julien , Hom Justin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Coronagraph Instrument will enable the polarimetric imaging of debris disks and inner dust belts in the optical and near-infrared wavelengths, in addition to the high-contrast polarimetric imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets. The Coronagraph uses two Wollaston prisms to produce four orthogonally polarized images and is expected to measure the polarization fraction with measurement errors <3% per spatial resolution element. To simulate the polarization observations through the Hybrid Lyot Coronagraph (HLC) and Shaped Pupil Coronagraph (SPC), we model disk scattering, the coronagraphic point-response function, detector noise, speckles, jitter, and instrumental polarization and calculate the Stokes parameters. To illustrate the potential for discovery and a better understanding of known systems with both the HLC and SPC modes, we model the debris disks around Epsilon Eridani and HR 4796A, respectively. For Epsilon Eridani, using astrosilicates with 0.37 ± 0.01 as the peak input polarization fraction in one resolution element, we recover the peak disk polarization fraction of 0.33 ± 0.01. Similarly, for HR 4796A, for a peak input polarization fraction of 0.92 ± 0.01, we obtain the peak output polarization fraction as 0.80 ± 0.03. The Coronagraph design meets the required precision, and forward modeling is needed to accurately estimate the polarization fraction.
Quasi-classical motion of a particle in a bulk dissipative medium
Authors: Sazonov S V 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A version of the quasi-classical approach is proposed, which makes it possible to describe the straight-line motion of a micro-particle in a bulk dissipative medium. From the side of the medium, the particle is acted upon by the force of viscous friction and the drag force, which are proportional to the velocity and the square of the velocity, respectively. In addition, an external conservative force is applied to the particle. The Green’s function of the particle and the quasi-classical coherent state in the form of a three-dimensional localized wave packet are found. It is shown that the translational motion of the wave packet is accompanied by a monotonic increase in the uncertainties of the particle coordinates up to certain maximum asymptotic values. Due to the drag force, these asymptotic uncertainties contain information about the corresponding initial uncertainties in the coordinates of the micro-particle, about its initial velocity, as well as about the external conservative force.
Exploring assumptions for air infiltration rate estimates using indoor radon in UK homes
Authors: Symonds P , Chalabi Z , Petrou G , Wang Y , Hutchinson E , Milner J , Hsu S , Davies M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Radon, a known carcinogen, is one of the most commonly monitored indoor contaminants. This paper utilises findings from a previous study on indoor radon measurements in United Kingdom (UK) homes to explore the UK Government’s Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP) assumptions for air infiltration rates. These assumptions are important as they are used to assess the energy performance of dwellings and compliance with building regulations. Indoor radon data is aggregated by 16 combinations of home energy efficiency measures (loft and wall insulation, glazing upgrades and draught proofing) and fitted using a simple analytic radon model. We find indoor radon to be inversely proportional to air change rate and proportional to a fit coefficient, k, of 42.2 ± 3.1 (95% Confidence Interval (CI)). We also show that the assumptions within SAP used to estimate home infiltration rates can be modified to include the impact of home energy efficiency which improves the fit (R
2 from 0.38 to 0.51) to the radon data. This work provides evidence to help improve assumptions regarding the effects of home energy efficiency on infiltration rates.
Autodigit-RAD: Towards an automation of the radon’s concentration dataflow in a new and innovative building
Authors: Rey J F , Cesari M , Schoenenweid M , Montet F , Gandolla M , Bonvin L , Bourquin V , Jacot C L , Roman J , Mahecha S Duque , Moreno S Aguacil , Hennebert J , Pernot J Goyette 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Radon is a noble, natural, and radioactive gas coming mainly from the ground which might accumulate indoors and lead each year to 200-300 deaths from lung cancer in Switzerland. A brand new and innovative living lab will be built as of 2023 in Fribourg (Switzerland) which will allow to tackle the built environment and the relationship with its occupants. Among a large panel of environmental parameters, radon gas will be continuously monitored under and around the building as well as in the building envelope. This paper aims to present the overall process of the radon dataflow: 1) design of the sensor probes, 2) implementation of the radon sensor probes in the ground and 3) go-live with the data sharing platform with the building users. Such an infrastructure will bring the opportunity to researchers to lead new and innovative radon-related research.
Investigation of personal air pollution exposures and occupants’ fresh air demands in two office buildings in Switzerland
Authors: Yun S Y , Licina D S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study assessed personal exposures to indoor air pollutants in office environments with dynamic occupancy profiles. A two-week field campaign was conducted in two Swiss office buildings, examining three target areas in each building. We measured air temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), CO2, PM2.5, and PM10 levels at three stationary locations of each target area. Four office workers carried a customized vest to monitor personal CO2 and PM levels near their breathing zone. Using smartwatches, the workers completed hourly surveys about their activity profiles and preferences for outdoor air. We found that CO2 and PM10 concentrations were 1.2–1.3x and 1.8–2.5x higher, respectively, in the personal monitor compared to stationary sensors. Occupants had higher personal CO2 levels during sitting activity and higher personal PM levels during standing activity. Lunch/coffee/call activities were associated with discernible peaks of personal exposure to CO2, PM2.5, and PM10. The higher T coupled with lower RH measured at the personal level was associated with higher occupant demands for outdoor air.
Hybrid ventilation in residential and office buildings
Authors: Hoffmann C , Hauri C , Primas A , Dorer V , Huber H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This project is focused on hybrid ventilation systems, a combination of natural and mechanical ventilation in residential and office buildings. Especially in dwellings hybrid ventilation systems are quite common. For instance, this can be the frequently occurring combination of exhaust fans in bathroom and toilet and / or a range hood in the kitchen with window ventilation in the other rooms. Currently, these systems are part of the planning reality, however, there are neither planning aids nor focused building standards available. A recently completed research project documents the state of the scientific knowledge, identifies most common planning challenges, and thus provides the basis for future planning aids for hybrid ventilation. This paper sets out to define the term “hybrid ventilation”, presents the most common hybrid ventilation systems in Switzerland and gives planning guidelines for current components of hybrid ventilation systems.
Potential of physical barriers integrated with personal exhaust ventilation in decreasing airborne infection risk for people
Authors: Nateghi S K , Kaczmarczyk J , Lipczynska A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A new approach was presented in this study that combines partition screens and personal exhaust ventilation to reduce the risk of infection transmission among individuals seated closely together at short distances. The effectiveness of this approach was experimentally studied in a test room using N2O as a tracer gas to simulate pollutant dispersion from an infected person. The concentration of N2O was measured at three different points near the source location. The results showed that using partitions alone might increase the probability of virus transmission compared to the case without partitions. However, combining personal exhaust with partitions significantly reduces the infection risk.
Integrated assessment of buildings visual and thermal performance with translucent bricks
Authors: Hassoun L , Khayatian F , Ganobjak M , Wernery J , Vivian J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In response to the growing need to reduce building energy consumption while ensuring occupants’ visual and thermal comfort, the Building Energy Materials and Components Lab at Empa developed a high-performance translucent construction element based on aerogel-filled glass bricks. The translucence and thermal insulation characteristics of this brick allows the exploration of different configurations of opaque and transparent surfaces to improve the integrated visual and thermal performance of the indoor environment. This paper presents a workflow to simulate the building performance in order to investigate the effects arising when the mentioned bricks are embedded in the building envelope. Simulations were conducted on a reference building in a continental climate assuming different orientations and window-to-wall ratios. Results show a clear trade-off between minimizing the cooling demand and maximizing occupant visual and thermal comfort. The application of the brick on the northern façade exhibited the best trade-off in terms of energy and comfort.
Use of digital 3D urban models for view evaluation in building envelope design
Authors: Majima R , Koga Y , Okamoto T , Jarrin F , Kojima Y , Ohki C , Kawano A , Takagi N 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A feature of digital 3D urban models is that they provide semantic information on various objects in urban space. This paper proposes a basic framework for obtaining visual information about the external conditions of a building to be designed using a 3D urban model. Ray emission and collision detection are used in a game engine to identify the type and distance of objects surrounding the building in the 3D urban model. Tagging the objects with their semantics identifies their type such as sky, building, road, greenery and so on. This paper also proposes setting two different viewpoints at the façade and the interior to consider the building design and the indoor visual environment design from both aspects of the whole building and individual rooms.