bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ovarian cancer, the coagulation pathway, and inflammation
Authors: Wang Xipeng , Wang Ena , Kavanagh John J , Freedman Ralph S 
Published: June 2005

AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) represents the most frequent cause of death in the United States from a cancer involving the female genital tract. Contributing to the overall poor outcome in EOC patients, are the metastases to the peritoneum and stroma that are common in this cancer. In one study, cDNA microarray analysis was performed on fresh tissue to profile gene expression in patients with EOC. This study showed a number of genes with significantly altered expression in the pelvic peritoneum and stroma, and in the vicinity of EOC implants. These genes included those encoding coagulation factors and regulatory proteins in the coagulation cascade and genes encoding proteins associated with inflammatory responses. In addition to promoting the formation of blood clots, coagulation factors exhibit many other biologic functions as well as tumorigenic functions, the later including tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Coagulation pathway proteins involved in tumorigenesis consist of factor II (thrombin), thrombin receptor (protease-activated receptors), factor III (tissue factor), factor VII, factor X and factor I (fibrinogen), and fibrin and factor XIII. In a recent study we conducted, we found that factor XII, factor XI, and several coagulation regulatory proteins, including heparin cofactor-II and epithelial protein C receptor (EPCR), were also upregulated in the peritoneum of EOC.In this review, we summarize evidence in support of a role for these factors in promoting tumor cell progression and the formation of ascites. We also discuss the different roles of coagulation factor pathways in the tumor and peritumoral microenvironments as they relate to angiogenesis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. . Since inflammatory responses are another characteristic of the peritoneum in EOC, we also discuss the linkage between the coagulation cascade and the cytokines/chemokines involved in inflammation. Interleukin-8, which is considered an important chemokine associated with tumor progression, appears to be a linkage point for coagulation and inflammation in malignancy. Lastly, we review findings regarding the inflammatory process yielded by certain clinical trials of agents that target members of the coagulation cascade in the treatment of cancer. Current data suggest that disrupting certain elements of the coagulation and inflammation processes in the tumor microenvironment could be a new biologic approach to cancer therapeutics.
The ups and downs of biological timers
Authors: Rappaport Noa , Winter Shay , Barkai Naama 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

Background
The need to execute a sequence of events in an orderly and timely manner is central to many biological processes, including cell cycle progression and cell differentiation. For self-perpetuating systems, such as the cell cycle oscillator, delay times between events are defined by the network of interacting proteins that propagates the system. However, protein levels inside cells are subject to genetic and environmental fluctuations, raising the question of how reliable timing is maintained.

Results
We compared the robustness of different mechanisms for encoding delay times to fluctuations in protein expression levels. Gradual accumulation and gradual decay of a regulatory protein have an equivalent capacity for defining delay times. Yet, we find that the former is highly sensitive to fluctuations in gene dosage, while the latter can buffer such perturbations. In particular, a positive feedback where the degrading protein auto-enhances its own degradation may render delay times practically insensitive to gene dosage.

Conclusion
While our understanding of biological timing mechanisms is still rudimentary, it is clear that there is an ample use of degradation as well as self-enhanced degradation in processes such as cell cycle and circadian clocks. We propose that degradation processes, and specifically self-enhanced degradation, will be preferred in processes where maintaining the robustness of timing is important.
TRIM5α selectively binds a restriction-sensitive retroviral capsid
Authors: Sebastian Sarah , Luban Jeremy 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
TRIM5 is a potent retrovirus inhibitor that targets viruses bearing particular capsid (CA) residues. In most primate species, retroviral restriction requires the C-terminal SPRY domain unique to the α-isoform of TRIM5, but the mechanism by which susceptible viruses are recognized and targeted for restriction is unknown. Here we show that TRIM5α binds retroviral CA from detergent-stripped virions in a SPRY-dependent manner with sufficient discrimination to account for the exquisite specificity of restriction.
Giant viruses in the oceans: the 4th Algal Virus Workshop
Authors: Claverie Jean-Michel 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Giant double-stranded DNA viruses (such as record breaking Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus), with particle sizes of 0.2 to 0.6 μm, genomes of 300 kbp to 1.200 kbp, and commensurate complex gene contents, constitute an evolutionary mystery. They challenge the common vision of viruses, traditionally seen as highly streamlined genomes optimally fitted to the smallest possible -filterable- package. Such giant viruses are now discovered in increasing numbers through the systematic sampling of ocean waters as well as freshwater aquatic environments, where they play a significant role in controlling phyto- and bacterio- plankton populations. The 4th algal virus workshop showed that the study of these ecologically important viruses is now massively entering the genomic era, promising a better understanding of their diversity and, hopefully, some insights on their origin and the evolutionary forces that shaped their genomes.
High frequency oscillatory ventilation compared with conventional mechanical ventilation in adult respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN24242669]
Authors: Bollen Casper W , van Well Gijs Th J , Sherry Tony , Beale Richard J , Shah Sanjoy , Findlay George , Monchi Mehran , Chiche Jean-Daniel , Weiler Norbert , Uiterwaal Cuno SPM , van Vught Adrianus J 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Introduction
To compare the safety and efficacy of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with conventional mechanical ventilation (CV) for early intervention in adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a multi-centre randomized trial in four intensive care units was conducted.

Methods
Patients with ARDS were randomized to receive either HFOV or CV. In both treatment arms a priority was given to maintain lung volume while minimizing peak pressures. CV ventilation strategy was aimed at reducing tidal volumes. In the HFOV group, an open lung strategy was used. Respiratory and circulatory parameters were recorded and clinical outcome was determined at 30 days of follow up.

Results
The study was prematurely stopped. Thirty-seven patients received HFOV and 24 patients CV (average APACHE II score 21 and 20, oxygenation index 25 and 18 and duration of mechanical ventilation prior to randomization 2.1 and 1.5 days, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in survival without supplemental oxygen or on ventilator, mortality, therapy failure, or crossover. Adjustment by a priori defined baseline characteristics showed an odds ratio of 0.80 (95% CI 0.22–2.97) for survival without oxygen or on ventilator, and an odds ratio for mortality of 1.15 (95% CI 0.43–3.10) for HFOV compared with CV. The response of the oxygenation index (OI) to treatment did not differentiate between survival and death. In the HFOV group the OI response was significantly higher than in the CV group between the first and the second day. A post hoc analysis suggested that there was a relatively better treatment effect of HFOV compared with CV in patients with a higher baseline OI.

Conclusion
No significant differences were observed, but this trial only had power to detect major differences in survival without oxygen or on ventilator. In patients with ARDS and higher baseline OI, however, there might be a treatment benefit of HFOV over CV. More research is needed to establish the efficacy of HFOV in the treatment of ARDS. We suggest that future studies are designed to allow for informative analysis in patients with higher OI.
Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome: a rare syndrome in otology - case report and literature review
Authors: Prabhu H V , Brown M J K 
Published: June 2005

Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, or pontobulbar palsy with deafness, is a rare disorder characterized by bilateral sensorineural deafness and a variety of cranial nerve disorders usually involving the motor components of the lower cranial nerves. Less commonly, spinal motor nerves and upper motor neurons are involved. Familial and sporadic cases have been reported. Based on evidences, this syndrome has been related to autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and X-linked inheritance. Autoimmune origin has been considered as well.In this paper, we report the case of a 38-year-old female patient who primarily presented with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and then progressively developed Xth and VIIth cranial nerve paralysis. Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome was diagnosed with this symptom complex of sensorineural hearing loss and pontobulbar palsy.
Influence of the dilute‐solution properties of cellulose acetate in solvent mixtures on the morphology and pervaporation performance of their membranes
Authors: Qian J. W. , An Q. F. , Wang L. N. , Zhang L. , Shen L. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe pervaporation performance of cellulose acetate (CA) membranes prepared from acetone (AC), acetone/tetrahydrofuran (AC/THF), acetone/chloroform (AC/CF), and acetone/cyclohexane (AC/CYH) was studied for separating MeOH/MTBE (methyl tert‐butyl ether) mixture with 5 (wt) % MeOH. The dilute‐solution properties and Huggins constant (KH) of CA dissolved in AC and AC/solvent mixtures with 15 vol % of the second solvent (tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, or cyclohexane) were examined. J and α of the CA membranes were affected by the types of solvent mixtures used to prepare the casting solutions. Under the same conditions, the membrane with AC/CYH had the highest J value and the lowest α value, and it was followed by the membranes with AC/CF, AC/THF, and AC. The increasing value of J and decreasing value of α for the CA membranes from different solvent mixtures were in good agreement with the increasing value of KH of CA in corresponding solvent mixtures. Furthermore, differences in the morphology from scanning electron microscopy images of the cross sections or from atomic force microscopy photographs of the surfaces of the membranes existed, and they provided proof of the different pervaporation performances of the CA membranes prepared from AC and AC/solvent mixtures. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97:1891–1898, 2005
Deformation mechanism of polypropylene composites filled with magnesium hydroxide
Authors: Yin Jun , Zhang Yong , Zhang Yinxi 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe fracture behavior and deformation mechanism of polypropylene (PP) composites filled with magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] were investigated. The incorporation of Mg(OH)2 particles into the PP matrix led to an increase in Young's modulus and a significant reduction in the tensile yield strength and elongation at break. Surface modification on filler particles with stearic acid could reduce the interfacial adhesion between the filler and PP matrix and improve the stress transferability. The deformation mechanism of the Mg(OH)2/PP composites depended on the interfacial adhesion and the deformability of ligaments between microvoids caused by debonding. The deformability of the ligaments could be significantly improved by surface modification on the particle surface. The dependence of the deformation behavior of the Mg(OH)2/PP composites on the filler content was in accordance with percolation theory. The agglomeration of microvoids and fibrillation of ligaments in the PP composites with excessive filler content indicated the weak resistance of the polymer matrix to crack propagation and premature fracture in a brittle manner. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1922–1930, 2005
Novel intercalated nanocomposites of polypropylene/organic‐rectorite/polyethylene‐octene elastomer: Rheology, crystallization kinetics, and thermal properties
Authors: Ma Xiao‐Yan , Liang Guo‐Zheng , Liu Hai‐Lin , Fei Jing‐Yin , Huang Yun 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe melt blending method was applied to prepare ternary composites of polypropylene (PP)/organic‐rectorite (OREC)/polyethylene‐octene elastomer (POE) at constant content of 2 phr (parts per hundred PP) of OREC and 5, 10, 15 phr of POE (named PRE25, PRE210, and PRE215, separately) via twin‐screw extruder. At the same time the binary composites of OREC/PP at 2 phr loading of OREC, named PR2 were prepared in order to investigate effects of OREC and POE on rheology and crystallization properties of composites. The rheology was characterized on capillary rheometer, nonisothermal crystallization kinetics on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermal stability properties on thermogravimetric analysis (TG). It is found that melting PR2 and PRE systems conform to the law of Non‐Newton and shear‐thinning behavior is observed for both systems. The apparent viscosity of the melt decreases with the increase of POE loadings. The crystallization halftime (t1/2) of PRE is shorter, the rate constant Zc larger, which indicates OREC and POE has the heterogeneous nucleation effect and the crystallization rate of PP was increased. The enthalpy of PRE is lower than that of PR2 and pure PP at the same conditions, which shows that the relative crystallinity of PRE composites are reduced. TG curves show that the ternary systems have higher thermal stability in contrast with pure PP. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1915–1921, 2005
Preparation and glass transition temperature of hyperbranched poly[allyl methyl maleate‐co‐N‐propyl maleimide]
Authors: Liu Hewen , Wilén Carl‐Eric 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe kinetics and molecular weight averages of the hyperbranched polymers formed by the alternating copolymerization of equimolar allyl methyl maleate (AMM) and N‐n‐propyl maleimide (PMI) were investigated. The yields, molecular weight averages, and polydispersity indices as well as the branching degrees of the produced copolymers increased with increasing initiator concentrations and prolonged polymerization time. The trends of the experimental molecular weights as determined by size exclusion chromatography were in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The molecular weight distribution indices fit the curve given by Mw/Mn = 1/(1‐xD), and the molecular weights fit the curve given by Mw = 4076/(1‐xD)2, where xD was the conversion of vinyl groups. DSC studies demonstrated a nonlinear relation of Tg values to the reciprocal of molecular weight (M), and Tg values decreased with the increase of molecular weight. For the Tg values of highly branched polymers in high molecular weight range, a relation of Tg = T + k/M was obtained, where T was obtained by extrapolating to infinite molecular weight and k was a constant. T was 136°C, and k = 2.9 for this work. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1941–1947, 2005
Interactions in blends containing chitosan with functionalized polymers
Authors: Castro Cristian , Gargallo Ligia , Leiva Angel , Radić Deodato 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe phase behavior of blends containing chitosan with poly(vinyl‐alcohol) (PVA) and poly(2‐hidroxyethyl methacrylate) (P2HEM) was analyzed. Blends were obtained by casting from acetic acid solution (HAc) and 1,1,1,3,3,3 hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HF2P) and studied by DSC, FT‐IR, and TGA. The phase behavior of the blends of chitosan with PVA and P2HEM, studied by DSC, shows that the systems behave as one‐phase systems in HAc as well as in HF2P according to the DSC results. According to the results of FT‐IR analyses of the different absorptions of the blends, relative to the pure components, they show an important shift that is considered evidence of an interaction between the components of the blends. The thermogravimetric analysis of the blends and the pure components shows that the temperature for thermal degradation of the blends is higher that that of the pure components, irrespective of the solvent casting from which the mixture was obtained. These results are interpreted as the formation of a new product that corresponds to a compatible polymer blend. The compatibilization of these systems is attributed to strong interactions, like hydrogen bonds formation between the functionalized polymers and chitosan, due to the presence of interacting functional groups in all the polymers studied. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1953–1960, 2005
Enhancement of hydrolytic stability and adhesion of waterborne polyurethanes
Authors: Kim Bum Soo , Kim Byung Kyu 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA new type of polyester polyol, with alkyl side groups, viz. poly(2,4‐diethyl‐1,5‐pentamethylene adipate) glycol (PDPAd) was synthesized and used to improve the hydrolytic stability of waterborne polyurethanes (PU). The results compared favorably with poly(tetramethylene adipate) glycol (PTAd)–based PU and blends of the two types of PU in terms of particle size, thermal, XRD, mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and swell behavior of the dispersion cast films in addition to hydrolytic stability and adhesion properties. Blends of PTAd‐based PU and PDPAd‐based PU gave significantly improved green (immediate) adhesion and hydrolytic stability due to the synergistic effects of crystallinity (heat of crystallization, high density) and amorphous regions (tack, high thermal stability). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1961–1969, 2005
Using genomewide mutagenesis screens to identify the genes required for neural tube closure in the mouse
Authors: Zohn Irene E. , Anderson Kathryn V. , Niswander Lee 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeural tube closure is a critical embryological process that requires the coordination of many molecular and cellular events. Only recently has the molecular basis of the cell movements that drive neural tube closure begun to be elucidated. This has been accomplished in part due to the analysis of a growing number of genetically targeted and naturally occurring mouse mutant strains that have neural tube defects (NTDs). Currently there are more than 100 genes that when mutated result in NTDs in the mouse. Yet only approximately 10% of genes in the mouse genome have been mutated and their gross phenotype analyzed, suggesting that only a small percentage of the genes that can cause NTDs have been identified.METHODSIn order to more systematically and fully understand the genetic basis of neural tube closure and to begin to define the molecular pathways that direct this key embryonic event, our laboratories have undertaken a forward genetic screen in mice. From this we hope to gain a better understanding of the regulation of this complex morphogenic processes.CONCLUSIONSThe mouse provides a good model for human neural tube closure, and therefore the information gained from generating novel mouse models of NTDs will help to predict the genes responsible for human NTDs and provide experimental evidence for how they function. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Low‐Cost Biofuel Cell with pH‐Dependent Power Output Based on Porous Carbon as Matrix
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Mingkui , Zhao Feng , Liu Baifeng , Dong Shaojun 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA glucose/O2 biofuel cell (BFC) possessing a pH‐dependent power output was fabricated by taking porous carbon (PC) as the matrix to load glucose oxidase or fungi laccase as the catalysts. The electrolytes in the anode and cathode compartments contain ferrocene monocarboxylic acid and 2,2′‐azino‐bis‐(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) diammonium salt as the mediators, respectively. The power of the BFC was enhanced significantly by using PC as the matrix, rather than glassy carbon electrode. Additionally, the power output of the BFC decreases as the pH of the solution increases from 4.0 to 7.0, which provides a simple and efficient method to achieve the required power output. More importantly, the BFC can operate at pH 6.0, and even at pH 7.0, which overcomes the requirement for cathode solutions of pH<5.0 when using fungi laccase as a catalyst. Operation of the BFC at neutral pH may provide a means to power medical devices implanted in physiological systems. The facile and low‐cost fabrication of this BFC may enable its development for other applications.
B5C5 Anionic Molecules Trapped in a Solid Matrix: The Crystal and Electronic Structures of LaBC.
Authors: Babizhetskyy Volodymyr , Mattausch Hansjuergen , Gautier Regis , Bauer Josef , Halet Jean‐Francois , Simon Arndt 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Properties of Rare‐Earth Ternary Sulfates.
Authors: Perles Josefina , Fortes‐Revilla Carlos , Gutierrez‐Puebla Enrique , Iglesias Marta , Monge M. Angeles , Ruiz‐Valero Caridad , Snejko Natalia 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient PMo11VVO4‐40/Silica Material Having Cationic Ammonium Moiety: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Performance for Oxidation of Alcohols with Dioxygen.
Authors: Kato Chika N. , Tanabe Akiko , Negishi Satoshi , Goto Kazuhiro , Nomiya Kenji 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
N‐Alkylation of Phthalimide, Carboxamide, and Sulfonamides by Oxidation—Reduction Condensation Using Di‐tert‐butyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone and Alkyl Diphenylphosphinite.
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Aoki Hidenori 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Lithiation of 1‐Arylimidazol‐2(1H)‐ones and 1‐Aryl‐4,5‐dihydroimidazol‐2(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Llopart Carme Cantos , Ferrer Conchita , Joule John A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Aryloxypropanolamines via OsO4‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Dihydroxylation.
Authors: Sayyed Iliyas A. , Thakur Vinay V. , Nikalje Milind D. , Dewkar Gajanan K. , Kotkar S. P. , Sudalai A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Copper‐Free Palladium‐Catalyzed Sonogashira‐Type Coupling of Aryl Halides and 1‐Aryl‐2‐(trimethylsilyl)acetylenes.
Authors: Soerensen Ulrik S. , Pombo‐Villar Esteban 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Functionalized m‐Bistrifluoromethylbenzenes via Cyclocondensation of 1,1,1,5,5,5‐Hexafluoroacetylacetone with Enamines.
Authors: Volochnyuk Dmitriy M. , Kostyuk Alexander N. , Sibgatulin Dmitriy A. , Chernega Alexander N. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Selective C‐3 Opening of Aromatic 2,3‐Epoxy Alcohols/Epoxides with Aromatic Amines Catalyzed by β‐Cyclodextrin in Water.
Authors: Surendra K. , Krishnaveni N. Srilakshmi , Rao K. Rama 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
High‐Intensity Ultrasound and Microwave, Alone or Combined, Promote Pd/C‐Catalyzed Aryl—Aryl Couplings.
Authors: Cravotto Giancarlo , Beggiato Marina , Penoni Andrea , Palmisano Giovanni , Tollari Stefano , Leveque Jean‐Marc , Bonrath Werner 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tunable 1,3‐Lithium Shift of Propargylic/Allenylic Lithiums Formed by Conjugate Addition of 4‐Aryl‐3‐butyn‐1‐enes with Organolithiums and the Subsequent Transmetalation/Pd(0)‐Catalyzed Coupling Reaction with Aryl Halides.
Authors: Ma Shengming , He Qiwen , Jin Xin 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.