bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of gluten and wheat in irritable bowel syndrome and noncoeliac gluten or wheat sensitivity
Authors: van Gils Tom , Simrén Magnus 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
The role of gluten and wheat in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unclear, whereas it plays a key-role in the diagnosis and treatment of noncoeliac gluten or wheat sensitivity (NCGWS). This review aims to provide the most recent insights in pathophysiological mechanisms and to summarize the evidence for a gluten- or wheat-free diet in IBS and NCGWS.

Recent findings
The exact role of gluten and wheat in IBS and NCGWS pathophysiological mechanisms remains complex. However, recent findings suggest a role for antigliadin antibodies to identify those IBS patients who may benefit from a gluten-free diet and low levels of fecal calprotectin to differentiate IBS and NCGWS. The importance of gut-brain interactions in self-reported gluten sensitive individuals was shown by a strong nocebo effect, although a role of gluten could not be excluded. Evidence for a gluten-free diet remains debatable in both conditions, whereas a wheat-free diet may have more potential, especially in NCGWS.

Summary
IBS and NCGWS are two closely related conditions with a complex and largely unrevealed pathophysiology. The role of gluten may have been overestimated in the past, but it is likely that certain wheat components, along with gut-brain interactions, play a role in both conditions.
Measuring kidney stone volume – practical considerations and current evidence from the EAU endourology section
Authors: Grossmann Nico C. , Panthier Frederic , Afferi Luca , Kallidonis Panagiotis , Somani Bhaskar K. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
This narrative review provides an overview of the use, differences, and clinical impact of current methods for kidney stone volume assessment.

Recent findings
The different approaches to volume measurement are based on noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT). While volume measurement using formulas is sufficient for smaller stones, it tends to overestimate volume for larger or irregularly shaped calculi. In contrast, software-based segmentation significantly improves accuracy and reproducibility, and artificial intelligence based volumetry additionally shows excellent agreement with reference standards while reducing observer variability and measurement time. Moreover, specific CT preparation protocols may further enhance image quality and thus improve measurement accuracy. Clinically, stone volume has proven to be a superior predictor of stone-related events during follow-up, spontaneous stone passage under conservative management, and stone-free rates after shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopy (URS) compared to linear measurements.

Summary
Although manual measurement remains practical, its accuracy diminishes for complex or larger stones. Software-based segmentation and volumetry offer higher precision and efficiency but require established standards and broader access to dedicated software for routine clinical use.
The Association Between Quality and Safety of Nursing Care: A Correlational Study
Authors: Bartoníčková Daniela , Kohanová Dominika , Mazalová Lenka , Holušová Lucie , Lorencová Nikola , Fišerová Anna , Greaves P. Jane 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Patient safety culture is critical for ensuring quality nursing care, yet its role is not fully understood in various health care settings.

Purpose:
To explore the association between patient safety culture and nurses’ perceptions of the quality of nursing care provided in hospitals in the Czech Republic.

Methods:
A correlation study was conducted with 535 nurses from 6 hospitals using the questionnaires Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture 2.0 and Scale of Perception of Nursing Activities that Contribute to Nursing Care Quality.

Results:
Significant associations were found between nursing care quality and dimensions of patient safety culture. Supervisor, manager, or clinical leader support; reporting patient safety events; and handoffs and information exchange were important predictors for improving nursing care quality (P < .05).

Conclusions:
Management support, adverse events, effective communication, and teamwork are essential for improving patient safety and have a significant impact on the quality of nursing care provided and must be properly supported.
Movement System Diagnosis: A Consensus-Based Position for Pediatric Movement Specialists
Authors: Cobb Lorene P , Shane Kelly Ann , McGee Patricia Navarro , Nesbit Casey , Brennan Ellen , Moore Jim , Girolami Gay L , Dannemiller Lisa , Donaldson Cathron , Boynewics Kara , Carey Helen , Chase Kristine Michelle , Hall Amanda , Jones Maryleen , O’Shea Roberta Kuchler , Zipp Genevieve Pinto 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
To offer a consensus for pediatrics clinicians, educators, and researchers on the use of movement system (MS) and review evidence that supports physical therapists (PTs) as movement experts.

Summary of Key Points:
This paper describes the MS and discusses how a MS diagnosis (Dx) can lead to most effective interventions and plans of care (POC) in pediatrics. Three cases illustrate using organized formulation of MS Dxs and how a MS Dx assists in choosing affective interventions for the POC.

Conclusions:
Pediatric PTs are movement specialists designing individualized plans of care to meet functional goals in real world conditions. Using consistent terms to establish MS Dx will enable effective communication, and a foundation for interventions across the lifespan.

Recommendations:
Adopting MS Dx framework will support and assist students of physical therapy, entry level and experienced clinicians, educators, and researchers with a critical decision-making process for formulating optimal family centered care.
Disability Inclusion in Local Public Health Community Health Assessments and Community Health Improvement Plans
Authors: Leslie Haleigh , Beatty Kate , Rowe Dawn , Quade Thomas , Havrda Kailee , Balio Casey P. 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To quantify and describe disability inclusion in community health assessments (CHAs) and community health improvement plans (CHIPs) at the local health department (LHD) level.

Methods:
This study uses a cross-sectional design of the 2019 NACCHO Profile and Public Health Accreditation Board-accredited LHD CHAs and CHIPs to quantify and describe disability inclusion.

Results:
Less than 25% of LHDs included a CHIP goal, objective, or activity that specifically includes people with disabilities. Having a disability partner as part of CHA and CHIP steering committees was associated with greater odds of including a CHIP goal, objective, or activity that includes people with disabilities (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.2, P =<.01) as were CHAs and CHIPs conducted by mixed groups of community partners (but not an official coalition) (aOR = 5.04, P = .005).

Conclusions:
Given the role of CHAs and CHIPs in informing the work of public health, being disability inclusive in such materials is likely to reflect the activities of LHDs. However, disability inclusion and representation in CHAs and CHIPs are limited. These findings may help inform CHA and CHIP development processes and tools to increase disability inclusion efforts in public health.
Update on Dupuytren Disease: Pathogenesis, Natural History, Treatment, and Outcomes
Authors: Ohmes Lucas B. , Ghilzai Umar M. , Netscher David T. J. 
Published: February 2025

Learning Objectives:
After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the current molecular biology of Dupuytren disease. 2. Critically evaluate the functional outcomes of treatment. 3. Confidently use any of the commonly used treatments. 4. Provide patients with appropriately selected treatment choices.

Summary:
Dupuytren disease is a fibroproliferative disease of the palmar fascia that results in debilitating digital contractures. Despite medical advances, the measurement of disease severity, functional deficits, and treatment outcomes remains challenging. Treatment options vary widely, yet practitioners often use only a small number of modalities. These options range from minimally invasive office procedures to extensive surgery, with adjuncts such as radiation and soft-tissue flaps. A thorough understanding of disease pathophysiology and treatment options can help surgeons offer more individualized care for this elusive disease.
Outcomes following prenatal exposure to raltegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy: a multi-cohort European study
Authors: Sconza Rebecca , Fernandes. Georgina , Bailey Heather , Peters Helen , Prieto Tato Luis Manuel , Ramos Marta Illán , Aebi-Popp Karoline , Kahlert Christian , Gamell Anna Maria , Frick Antoinette , Ene Luminita , Samarina Anna , Thorne Claire ,   European Pregnancy and Paediatric Infections Cohort Collaboration (EPPICC)
Published: February 2025

Background:
Raltegravir is an HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitor recommended for use in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess risk of birth defects and other suboptimal outcomes following prenatal exposure to raltegravir.

Methods:
We used pooled, prospectively-collected individual patient data from studies in the European Pregnancy and Paediatric Infections Cohort Collaboration (EPPICC). Pregnancies with any prenatal exposure to raltegravir with outcomes in 2008-2020 were included. Birth defects were classified according to World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases: Tenth Revision (ICD-10) and EUROCAT criteria. Earliest prenatal exposure timing was classified as periconception (exposure at ≤6 completed gestational weeks [GWs]), later first trimester (T1) (exposure in T1 at >6 completed GWs), and second/third trimester (exposure at >12 completed GWs).

Results:
A total of 1499 pregnancies across nine cohorts were included. Where timing was available (n=1449), earliest raltegravir exposure was in the periconception period for 505 (34.8%), later T1 in 65 (4.5%), and T2/T3 in 879 (60.7%). The overall prevalence of birth defects among live-born infants with prenatal raltegravir exposure was 3.9% (95% CI 2.9, 5.0) (1443/1466) (ICD-10), with no increased risk observed for those exposed in the periconception period (p=0.290). Among singleton live-born infants, 11.9% (160/1346) were born preterm, 11.3% (148/1307) low birthweight, and 8.6% (111/1291) small for gestational age, with no difference in outcomes observed by timing of raltegravir exposure.

Conclusion:
These findings add to the evidence base around safety of raltegravir use in pregnancy, though ongoing safety monitoring is needed to rule out risk of rare outcomes.
Validation of the ANCA-Associated Vasculitis Patient-Reported Outcomes Questionnaire in a Latin American Vasculitis Cohort
Authors: Pimentel-Quiroz Victor R. , Gamboa-Cárdenas Rocío V. , Rodríguez-Bellido Zoila , Perich-Campos Risto , Alarcón Graciela S. , Ugarte-Gil Manuel F. 
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives
The aim of this work is to validate the ANCA-associated vasculitis patient-reported outcome (AAV-PRO) questionnaire in a Latin American (Peru) AAV cohort.

Methods
We included patients from the Almenara vasculitis cohort who had at least 1 visit between December 2022 and June 2024. Sociodemographic features, disease activity (Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score version 3 [BVASv3] score), damage (Vasculitis Damage Index [VDI] score), the AAV-PRO (Spanish version), and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) were obtained. The AAV-PRO includes 6 domains (organ-specific symptoms, systemic symptoms, treatment side effects, social and emotional impact, concerns about the future, and physical function); the score ranges from 0 to 100: the higher the value, the worse the health-related quality of life. Correlations between domains of the AAV-PRO and clinical and sociodemographic variables were evaluated using Spearman correlation.

Results
Eighty-two patients were included; 60 (73.2%) of them were female. Their age and disease duration were 55.3 (14.3) and 5.7 (5.2) years, respectively. The BVASv3 and the VDI scores were 6.1 (9.0) and 2.4 (1.7), respectively. Overall, every domain of the AAV-PRO correlated strongly and inversely with the global scores of the SF-36 (physical component summary and mental component summary) (all r < −0.4 and p < 0.001). Physical function, role physical, role emotional, and physical component summary correlated inversely with the BVASv3, whereas the organ-specific symptoms score correlated positively with the VDI.

Conclusions
The Spanish version of the AAV-PRO questionnaire correlated with the SF-36 in AAV patients from a Peruvian cohort. These findings may support the use of this instrument in other Latin American populations.
Lab-in-the-loop therapeutic antibody design with deep learning
Authors: Frey Nathan C. , Hötzel Isidro , Stanton Samuel D. , Kelly Ryan , Alberstein Robert G. , Makowski Emily , Martinkus Karolis , Berenberg Daniel , Bevers Jack , Bryson Tyler , Chan Pamela , Czubaty Alicja , D’Souza Tamica , Dwyer Henri , Dziewulska Anna , Fairman James W. , Goodman Allen , Hofmann Jennifer , Isaacson Henry , Ismail Aya , James Samantha , Joren Taylor , Kelow Simon , Kiefer James R. , Kirchmeyer Matthieu , Kleinhenz Joseph , Koerber James T. , Lafrance-Vanasse Julien , Leaver-Fay Andrew , Lee Jae Hyeon , Lee Edith , Lee Donald , Liang Wei-Ching , Lin Joshua Yao-Yu , Lisanza Sidney , Loukas Andreas , Ludwiczak Jan , Mahajan Sai Pooja , Mahmood Omar , Mohammadi-Peyhani Homa , Nerli Santrupti , Park Ji Won , Park Jaewoo , Ra Stephen , Robinson Sarah , Saremi Saeed , Seeger Franziska , Sinha Imee , Sokol Anna M. , Tagasovska Natasa , To Hao , Wagstaff Edward , Wang Amy , Watkins Andrew M. , Wilson Blair , Wu Shuang , Zadorozhny Karina , Marioni John , Regev Aviv , Wu Yan , Cho Kyunghyun , Bonneau Richard , Gligorijević Vladimir 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTherapeutic antibody design is a complex multi-property optimization problem that traditionally relies on expensive search through sequence space. Here, we introduce “Lab-in-the-loop,” a paradigm shift for antibody design that orchestrates generative machine learning models, multi-task property predictors, active learning ranking and selection, andin vitroexperimentation in a semiautonomous, iterative optimization loop. By automating the design of antibody variants, property prediction, ranking and selection of designs to assay in the lab, and ingestion ofin vitrodata, we enable a holistic, end-to-end approach to antibody optimization. We apply lab-in-the-loop to four clinically relevant antigen targets: EGFR, IL-6, HER2, and OSM. Over 1,800 unique antibody variants are designed and tested, derived from lead molecule candidates obtained via animal immunization and state-of-the-art immune repertoire mining techniques. Four lead candidate and four design crystal structures are solved to reveal mechanistic insights into the effects of mutations. We perform four rounds of iterative optimization and report 3–100×better binding variants for every target and ten candidate lead molecules, with the best binders in a therapeutically relevant 100 pM range.
Eucalyptus cover as the primary driver of native forest bird reductions: evidence from a stand-scale analysis in NW Iberia
Authors: García-Fernández Fernando , Vidal María , Regos Adrián , Domínguez Jesús 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe rapid expansion of exotic eucalyptus plantations across the Iberian Peninsula, particularly in northwest Spain, where they now cover 30% of the region’s forested area, has profoundly transformed rural landscapes, raising serious concerns about its impact on native biodiversity. This study investigates the influence of structural and floristic attributes of eucalyptus plantations and native forests on forest bird communities, focusing on species abundance and occurrence at the stand level. We conducted point count surveys and vegetation assessments across 240 plots, applying Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) and multimodel inference (MMI) to identify key drivers of avian diversity. Vegetation structure and composition differed substantially between native forests and eucalyptus plantations. Bird species richness and abundance were significantly lower in eucalyptus plantations. The proportion of eucalyptus emerged as the strongest predictor of these reductions, likely due to the limited availability of key resources such as natural cavities and arthropods. Mature native trees were pivotal in supporting forest bird species, particularly those associated with mature forest ecosystems. In contrast, mature eucalyptus trees failed to serve as adequate surrogates for mature native trees, benefiting only a small subset of forest specialists. Similarly, the well-developed shrub layer in eucalyptus plantations provided limited support for generalist bird species. To mitigate biodiversity loss, we recommend integrating unmanaged retention strips within eucalyptus plantations to enhance habitat heterogeneity and structural diversity, ensuring critical resources for birds and other forest wildlife while balancing forestry productivity with conservation goals.
A gene-based model of fitness and its implications for genetic variation: Genetic and inbreeding loads
Authors: Johri Parul , Charlesworth Brian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn the companion paper to this, we examined the consequences for patterns of linkage disequilibrium of the “gene” model of fitness, which postulates that the effects of recessive or partially recessive deleterious mutations located at different sites within a gene fail to complement each other. Here, we examine the consequences of the gene model for the genetic and inbreeding loads, using both analytical and simulation methods, and contrast it with the frequently used “sites” model that allows allelic complementation. We show that the gene model results in a slightly lower genetic load, but a much smaller inbreeding load, than the sites model, implying that standard predictions of mutational contributions to inbreeding depression may be overestimates. Synergistic epistasis between pairs of mutations was also modeled, and shown to considerably reduce the inbreeding load for both the gene and sites models. The theoretical results are discussed in relation to data on inbreeding load inDrosophila melanogaster.
Phospholipid esters from herring roe promotes SPM biosynthesis in human monocyte-derived macrophages and a keratinocyte/fibroblast co-culture with implications for the treatment of psoriasis
Authors: Ringheim-Bakka Thomas A. , Saliani Amitis , Østbye Tone-Kari K. , Mildenberger Jennifer , Dooley Matthew , Busygina Maftuna , Pedersen Mona E. , Solberg Nina T. , Dalli Jesmond , Gammelsæter Runhild 
Published: February 2025

AbstractImmune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID) is a major public health issue which can affect a number of organs and tissues with a profound impact on quality of life and often present with comorbidities. Psoriasis is a chronic IMID affecting the skin which presents with both local and systemic inflammation as part of its pathophysiology. An oil rich in polar lipids extracted from the roe sacks of herring has been shown to have immunomodulatory functions and to improve the clinical symptoms and impact inflammatory cytokine pathways in psoriasis in a clinical trial. The lipidic nature of herring roe oil and its high content of marine polyunsaturated fatty acids could suggest involvement of lipid mediator pathways for the observed alleviation of psoriatic inflammation. Of particular interest is the super-family of lipid mediators termed specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), due to their known involvement in the resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. We have therefore explored the influence of herring roe oil and phospholipid esters from herring roe on lipid mediator and SPM biosynthesis in IFN-γ and LPS-stimulated human monocyte-derived macrophages and an IL-17A-stimulated skin cell co-culture with keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Lipid mediators including SPMs were quantified from resulting cell supernatants using a validated LC-MS/MS protocol. In these experiments we observed broad SPM biosynthesis with dominant upregulation of RvE2 and RvE3 in both cell systems and upregulation of DHA-derived SPMs such as RvD2 and PDX. Observations of PCTR2 in the macrophage cell supernatants also indicate activation of reparative pathways upon treatment with herring roe oil. In conclusion, we observed a promotion of SPM biosynthesis associated with a shift towards a protective and possibly reparative macrophage phenotype as well as promotion of biosynthesis of pro-resolving lipid mediators in a skin cell co-culture, thus demonstrating a possible mechanism for resolution of inflammation in the skin niche using herring roe oil.
Filament transport supports contractile steady states of actin networks
Authors: Sciortino Alfredo , Orhant-Prioux Magali , Guerin Christophe , Bonnemay Louise , Takagi Yasuharu , Sellers James , Colin Alexandra , Théry Manuel , Blanchoin Laurent 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn all eukaryotic cells, the actin cytoskeleton is maintained in a dynamic steady-state. Actin filaments are continuously displaced from cell periphery, where they assemble, towards the cell’s center, where they disassemble. Despite this constant flow and turnover, cellular networks maintain their overall architecture constant. How such a flow of material can support dynamic yet steady cellular architectures remains an open question. To investigate the role of myosin-based forces in contractile steady-states of actin networks, we used a reconstitutedin vitrosystem based on a minimal set of purified proteins, namely actin, myosin and actin regulators. We found that, contrary to previous bulk experiments, when confined in microwells, the actin network could self-organize into ordered arrangements of contractile bundles, flowing continuously without collapsing. This was supported by three-dimensional fluxes of actin filaments, spatially separated yet balancing each other. Unexpectedly, maintaining these fluxes did not depend on filament nucleation or elongation, but solely on filament transport. Ablation of the contractile bundles abolished the flux balance and led to network collapse. These findings demonstrate that the dynamic steady state of actin networks can be sustained by filament displacement and recirculation, independently of filament assembly and disassembly.Significance StatementCellular structures continuously self-renew, with new material constantly being added and removed while maintaining overall structural stability. This is particularly true for the actin cytoskeleton, whose components are continuously assembled, displaced, and reassembled. Understanding this process is fundamental to uncovering how cells regulate their architecture and adapt to stimuli.Here, we reconstitute an in vitro actomyosin network capable of contracting steadily over time without collapsing, relying solely on myosin-based transport. These findings demonstrate that a minimal system consisting of actin and molecular motors can effectively recapitulate the ability of actin networks to self-organize into stable yet dynamic architectures.