bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tympanometric findings in cleft palate patients: influence of age and cleft type
Authors: Handžić-Ćuk Jadranka , Ćuk Višeslav , Gluhinić Miroslav , Rišavi Ranko , štajner-Katušić Smiljana 
Published: October 2002

Tympanometry was analysed according to cleft type with respect to age in 239 cleft palate patients (57 with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP)), 122 with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and 60 with isolated cleft palate (ICP)). The frequency of type B tympanograms was 46.5 per cent in the BCLP group, 50.6 per cent in the UCLP group and 58.3 per cent in the ICP group. Type A tympanograms were more frequently observed in older patients (median age 11 years) in comparison to type B (median age five years; p<0.001) and type C (median age six years; p<0.001). The total sample showed an age-related decrease in the frequency of type B tympanograms (rs = −0.3942; p<0.001). The frequency of type A tympanograms increased significantly with age (rs = 0.4263; p<0.001), whereas type C was not correlated with age. In the UCLP group, the frequency of type B tympanograms decreased with age (rs = −0.4430; p<0.001), the decrease being faster than in the BCLP group (rs = −0.3186; p = 0.001) and the ICP group (rs = −0.3378; p<0.0001)). Type B tympanograms had the highest correlation with a hearing loss of 21–40 dB at mean hearing level at speech frequencies (MHLSF) (rs = 0.4574; p<0.001), a lower correlation with a hearing loss of 11–20 dB (rs = 0.2184; p = 0.02) and the lowest correlation with hearing loss above 40 dB. At the ages of one to three, the frequency of type B is higher in UCLP patients than in the BCLP and ICP groups, decreasing at seven to 12, increasing again at 13 to 15, and thereafter showing a continuous decrease. In the BCLP group, the frequency of type B increased significantly at the ages of four to six and then decreased continuously from seven to 18. In ICP patients, the changes in the frequency of type B with age are not significant until the age of 15; at the age of seven, it is higher than in the BCLP and ICP groups. The type C tympanogram is not typically found in cleft palate patients and its frequency is not correlated with age.It can be presumed that each type of cleft lip and palate, due to its characteristic conditions in the epipharynx, will favour a different mode of pathophysiological development of middle-ear disease.
An observational study of the management of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations
Authors: Amadasun J. E. O. 
Published: October 2002

Controversies of how best to treat fresh tympanic membrane perforations have always existed. While some otolaryngologists prefer the paper patch method, others prefer modified myringoplasty. A prospective study is needed to investigate the most effective and least expensive management of this common ear trauma.This study examined prospectively, in three sections, a group of patients with a cellophane patch (n = 6), another group with a gentamicin ointment seal (n = 15) and a control group (n = 9) with a gentamicin plug placed at the distal end of the external auditory cavity. Successful healing of the traumatic tympanic membrane perforations was achieved in 50 per cent of the cellophane seal group, 86.7 per cent of the gentamicin ointment seal group and 77.8 per cent of the control group. This study shows that the management of a fresh tympanic membrane perforation should be limited to cleaning the traumatized ear and preventing infection.
Ear involvement in ligneous conjunctivitis: a rarity or an under-diagnosed condition?
Authors: Hydén Dag , Latkovic Stefan , Brunk Ulf , Laurent Claude 
Published: October 2002

Conjunctivitis lignosa, a rare affliction of the conjunctiva, is sometimes associated with other disturbances. We present two children with concurrent conjunctivitis lignosa and ear involvement. In these two cases, there were histopathologically verified ligneous changes of the middle ears.Routine haematoxylin and eosin, van Gieson, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue staining of specimens from the eyes and middle ears revealed findings typical for ligneous conjunctivitis. In addition, new histochemical and immunohistochemical studies for glycosaminoglycans on specimens from the eyes and middle ears showed that the accumulations of the amorphous, cell-deficient material stained strongly but heterogeneously for hyaluronic acid and weakly but uniformly for keratin sulphate. The staining for other glycosaminoglycans, e.g. chondroitin-4-sulphate and dermatan sulphate was confined to vessels and areas rich in collagen fibres and fibroblasts.In patients with conjunctivitis lignosa, the ear involvement may remain undiagnosed due to its resemblance to secretory otitis media with effusion. Since isolated ear involvement may occur, we advocate biopsies for routine haematoxylin and eosin, and specific staining for hyaluronic acid and keratin sulphate, also in children with protracted, refractory otitis media with atypical effusion.
Causes and Clinical Presentation of Drug-Induced Dermatomyositis
Authors: Caravan Sahar , Lopez Christopher M. , Yeh Jennifer E. 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceWhile several medications are known to induce dermatomyositis (DM), most existing studies are case reports or small case series from a single institution. There is also limited information on DM induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors, which are increasingly used in oncologic therapy.ObjectiveTo characterize causes and clinical presentation of drug-induced DM based on the current literature.Evidence ReviewA systematic review was performed in PubMed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines, from inception to August 22, 2022. Articles meeting preestablished inclusion criteria (written in English and classified as original articles, case reports, literature reviews, and observation letters) were selected and data abstracted. Articles that met the scope of the review were also added from reference lists. When possible, study results were quantitatively combined.FindingsIn 134 studies (114 from the literature search and 20 additional studies pulled from reference lists) describing 165 cases, 88 patients (53.3%) were female, and the median (IQR) age was 61 (49-69) years. Among the cases of drug-induced DM, the most common associated medications were hydroxyurea (50 [30.3%]), immune checkpoint inhibitors (27 [16.4%]), statins (22 [13.3%]), penicillamine (10 [6.1%]), and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (10 [6.1%]). Histopathologic testing, when undertaken, helped establish the diagnosis. There was a median (IQR) of 60 (21-288) days between drug initiation and drug-induced DM onset. History of cancer was reported in 85 cases (51.6%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review, drug-induced DM was associated with multiple types of medications, including chemotherapies and immunotherapies. It is essential that dermatologists promptly recognize and diagnose drug-induced DM so that they can guide management to minimize interruption of therapy when possible.
Turning Normal to Abnormal: Reversing CO2/C2‐Hydrocarbon Selectivity in HKUST‐1
Authors: Mohamed Mona H. , Elzeny Islam , Samuel Joshua , Xu Wenqian , Malliakas Christos D , Picard Yoosuf N. , Pham Tony , Miller Lenore , Hogan Adam , Space Brian , Hopkinson David , Elsaidi Sameh K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can efficiently purify hydrocarbons from CO2, but their rapid saturation, driven by preferential hydrocarbon adsorption, requires energy‐intensive adsorption–desorption processes. To address these challenges, an innovative approach is developed, enabling control over MOF flexibility through densification and defect engineering, resulting in an intriguing inverse CO2/C2 hydrocarbon selectivity. In this study, the densification process induces the shearing of the crystal lattice and contraction of pores in a defective CuBTC MOF. These changes have led to a remarkable transformation in selectivity, where the originally hydrocarbon‐selective CuBTC MOF becomes CO2‐selective. The selectivity values for densified CuBTC are significantly reversed when compared to its powder form, with notable improvements observed in CO2/C2H6 (4416 vs 0.61), CO2/C2H4 (15 vs 0.28), and CO2/C2H2 (4 vs 0.2). The densified material shows impressive separation, regeneration, and recyclability during dynamic breakthrough experiments with complex quinary gas mixtures. Simulation studies indicate faster CO2 passage through the tetragonal structure of densified CuBTC compared to C2H2. Experimental kinetic diffusion studies confirm accelerated CO2 diffusion over hydrocarbons in the densified MOF, attributed to its small pore window and minimal interparticle voids. This research introduces a promising strategy for refining existing and future MOF materials, enhancing their separation performance.
Off‐Centering of Ge Atoms in GeBi2Te4 and Impact on Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Dong Jinfeng , Hu Lei , Liu Jue , Liu Yukun , Jiang Yilin , Yu Zhiling , Tan Xian Yi , Suwardi Ady , Zheng Qiang , Li Qian , Li Jing‐Feng , Dravid Vinayak P. , Yan Qingyu , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe crystal structure and transport properties of GeBi2Te4 are investigated as a layered compound with potential applications as thermoelectric materials. A disordered arrangement of Ge and Bi atoms in a septuple‐layer structure is discovered through synchrotron radiation X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Neutron pair distribution function analysis revealed the presence of discordant Ge atoms with an off‐centering distance of 0.12 Å at 300 K. The thermal conductivity of GeBi2Te4 is very low due to the strong phonon scattering. This is a result of the three Einstein local oscillators coupled with the disordered arrangement of atoms. This study also explores further the structural characteristics of these materials and their associated phonon scattering processes. The effect of Sb substitution for Ge on the electrical transport properties of the sample is profound, resulting in a change from p‐type to n‐type conduction. An enhanced thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of 0.45 at 523 K in the in‐plane direction is obtained. This research provides valuable insights into the crystal structure and transport properties of GeBi2Te4, showcasing its promising role as a thermoelectric material with potential for near‐room‐temperature applications.
Post‐Synthetic Interstitial Metal Doping for Efficient and Stable 3D/2D Heterostructured Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Chengxi , Baktash Ardeshir , Steele Julian A. , He Dongxu , Ding Shanshan , Penukula Saivineeth , Hao Mengmeng , Lin Rijia , Hou Jingwei , Rolston Nicholas , Lyu Miaoqiang , Chen Peng , Wu Wu‐Qiang , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have experienced exceptional development in recent years, due to their outstanding photoelectronic properties and low‐cost solution processing. Many state‐of‐the‐art PSC designs have been effectively demonstrated using a stacked 3D perovskite/2D perovskite heterostructure, yet limitations arise due to the low conductivity of the 2D perovskite, the hidden buried interface of 3D perovskite, and halide ion migration within 3D/2D PSC device under operational bias. Here, these limitations are overcome by developing a novel and universal post‐synthetic metal (Zn2+) doping strategy and realizing 3D/2D PSCs with superior efficiency and stability. Informed by ab initio calculations and synchrotron fine structure experiments, it is revealed that the introduced zinc ions are energetically favored at interstitial crystal sites, subsequently hindering the migration of halide ions and producing a beneficial shift toward a more n‐type character in the buried 3D perovskite interface. Combined with extensive photophysical characterization, the Zn2+‐modified 3D/2D perovskite thin film is shown to strongly recover its photo‐carrier conductivity compared with the 3D/2D perovskite film, boosting the efficiency (22.90%) of PSCs while exhibiting improved humidity and operational stability.
Genetically Engineered Macrophages Co‐Loaded with CD47 Inhibitors Synergistically Reconstruct Efferocytosis and Improve Cardiac Remodeling Post Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Tan Haipeng , Li Weiyan , Pang Zhiqing , Weng Xueyi , Gao Jinfeng , Chen Jing , Wang Qiaozi , Li Qiyu , Yang Hongbo , Dong Zheng , Wang Zhengmin , Zhu Guangrui , Tan Yiwen , Fu Yuyuan , Han Chengzhi , Cai Shiteng , Qian Juying , Huang Zheyong , Song Yanan , Ge Junbo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEfferocytosis, mediated by the macrophage receptor MerTK (myeloid‐epithelial‐reproductive tyrosine kinase), is a significant contributor to cardiac repair after myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion (MI/R) injury. However, the death of resident cardiac macrophages (main effector cells), inactivation of MerTK （main effector receptor), and overexpression of “do not eat me” signals (brake signals, such as CD47), collectively lead to the impediment of efferocytosis in the post‐MI/R heart. To date, therapeutic strategies targeting individual above obstacles are relatively lacking, let alone their effectiveness being limited due to constraints from the other concurrent two. Herein, inspired by the application research of chimeric antigen receptor macrophages (CAR‐Ms) in solid tumors, a genetically modified macrophage‐based synergistic drug delivery strategy that effectively challenging the three major barriers in an integrated manner is developed. This strategy involves the overexpression of exogenous macrophages with CCR2 (C‐C chemokine receptor type 2) and cleavage‐resistant MerTK, as well as surface clicking with liposomal PEP‐20 (a CD47 antagonist). In MI/R mice model, this synergistic strategy can effectively restore cardiac efferocytosis after intravenous injection, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response, ultimately preserving cardiac function. This therapy focuses on inhibiting the initiation and promoting active resolution of inflammation, providing new insights for immune‐regulatory therapy.
Enhanced Heat Dissipation for Macroscopic Metals Achieved by a Single‐Layer Graphene
Authors: Fang Jiayuan , Xu Xujun , Zhang Yang , Ren Qiancheng , Wei Ning , Zhao Pei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe increasing demand for high‐performance devices on heat dissipation makes it approach the bottleneck even for metals with high thermal conductivities. The coating of only one layer of graphene, the heat dissipation performances of Cu, Ag, and Al can be further enhanced, e.g., with a maximum temperature reduction by ≈9% for a Cu foil is demonstrated. Molecular dynamics (MD) analysis of spectral phonon transmission reveals that low‐frequency phonons play a significant role in the thermal transport within the Cu/single‐layer graphene (SLG) system, and the high‐frequency phonons exhibit substantial mismatch. It suggests that the thermal anisotropy of graphene enables a rapid heat dispersion in the in‐plane direction and provides an effective thermal insulation in the out‐of‐plane direction. The thermal conductivity calculations demonstrate an enhanced participation of phonons in heat conduction by the graphene layer, indicating a novel heat conduction mechanism in the Cu/single‐layer graphene system. These findings highlight the positive impact of graphene on the heat conduction of metals, and they will hold crucial implications for the design and application of graphene‐based thermal devices is believed.
Efficient Energy Transfer and Singlet Fission in Co‐Deposited Thin Films of Pentacene and Anthradithiophene
Authors: Hofeditz Nico , Hausch Julian , Broch Katharina , Heimbrodt Wolfram , Schreiber Frank , Gerhard Marina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCo‐deposited molecular heterostructures with statistical intermixing of the constituents are attractive candidates to tune the optical and the transport properties, as well as the ability to promote photophysical processes like singlet fission. In order to comprehend and control the singlet fission mechanism in these systems, it is of utmost interest to study the underlying excited state dynamics. In this work, thin films of anthradithiophene blended with the efficient singlet fission material pentacene are investigated by means of time‐resolved and temperature‐dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy with a time resolution of a few picoseconds. The analysis of the photoluminescence dynamics points toward efficient funneling of excitons from anthradithiophene via isolated pentacene molecules to agglomerates of pentacene, where eventually singlet fission occurs. The efficient and largely temperature‐independent quenching of the luminescence in anthradithiophene is attributed to a favorable cascade‐like alignment of the energy levels, and it is hypothesized that Förster resonance energy transfer is the main driving mechanism for exciton transport to pentacene agglomerates. The system investigated here can serve as a blueprint for the design of other molecular heterostructures with spatially separated light harvesting and singlet fission regions.
Perspectives of Material Optimization Strategies for High‐Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Ji Haifeng , Sun Cong , Sun Xuhui , Wen Zhen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have unique advantages in harvesting low‐frequency irregular mechanical energy, and their output mainly depends on the surface charge density. Inhibiting the loss of triboelectric charges and optimizing the dielectric properties of materials are effective methods for boosting the surface charge density. Several optimization strategies for triboelectric layers, such as surface modification, insertion of intermediate layers, and optimization of dielectric properties, have been reported to improve the output performance of TENGs. In this perspective, first, the material optimization strategies for improving the output performance of TENGs are discussed. Then, in terms of output enhancement, the problems that need to be solved in the future are proposed. Finally, the future roads of high‐performance TENGs for truly realizing efficient mechanical‐energy harvesting are discussed.
Cfp1 Controls Cardiomyocyte Maturation by Modifying Histone H3K4me3 of Structural, Metabolic, and Contractile Related Genes
Authors: Li Changzhu , Zhang Yang , Shen Jingling , Bao Hairong , Zhao Yue , Li Desheng , Li Sijia , Liu Yining , Yang Jiming , Zhou Zhiwen , Gao Kangyi , Zhao Lexin , Pei Yao , Lu Yanjie , Pan Zhenwei , Cai Benzhi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCardiomyocyte maturation is the final stage of heart development, and abnormal cardiomyocyte maturation will lead to serious heart diseases. CXXC zinc finger protein 1 (Cfp1), a key epigenetic factor in multi‐lineage cell development, remains underexplored in its influence on cardiomyocyte maturation. This study investigates the role and mechanisms of Cfp1 in this context. Cardiomyocyte‐specific Cfp1 knockout (Cfp1‐cKO) mice died within 4 weeks of birth. Cardiomyocytes derived from Cfp1‐cKO mice showed an inhibited maturation phenotype, characterized by structural, metabolic, contractile, and cell cycle abnormalities. In contrast, cardiomyocyte‐specific Cfp1 transgenic (Cfp1‐TG) mice and human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) overexpressing Cfp1 displayed a more mature phenotype. Mechanistically, deficiency of Cfp1 led to a reduction in trimethylation on lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4me3) modification, accompanied by the formation of ectopic H3K4me3. Furthermore, Cfp1 deletion decreased the level of H3K4me3 modification in adult genes and increased the level of H3K4me3 modification in fetal genes. Collectively, Cfp1 modulates the expression of genes crucial to cardiomyocyte maturation by regulating histone H3K4me3 modification, thereby intricately influencing the maturation process. This study implicates Cfp1 as an important molecule regulating cardiomyocyte maturation, with its dysfunction strongly linked to cardiac disease.
Axially Coordinated Gold Nanoclusters Tailoring Fe–N–C Nanozymes for Enhanced Oxidase‐Like Specificity and Activity
Authors: Xie Yameng , Sun Fuli , Chang Kuan , Li Guang , Song Zhijia , Huang Jiayu , Cheng Xiqing , Zhuang Guilin , Kuang Qin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOF) derived nitrogen‐doped carbon‐supported monodisperse Fe (Fe–N–C) catalysts are intensively studied, but great challenges remain in understanding the relationship between the coordination structure and the performance of Fe–N–C nanozymes. Herein, a novel nanocluster ligand‐bridging strategy is proposed for constructing Fe‐S1N4 structures with axially coordinated S and Au nanoclusters on ZIF‐8 derived Fe–N–C (labeled Aux/Fe‐S1N4‐C). The axial Au nanoclusters facilitate electron transfer to Fe active sites, utilizing the bridging ligand S as a medium, thereby enhancing the oxygen adsorption capacity of composite nanozymes. Compared to Fe‐N‐C, Aux/Fe‐S1N4‐C exhibits high oxidase‐like specificity and activity, and holds great potential for detecting acetylcholinesterase activity with a detection limit of 5.1 µU mL−1, surpassing most reported nanozymes.
Biomimetic Exogenous “Tissue Batteries” as Artificial Power Sources for Implantable Bioelectronic Devices Manufacturing
Authors: Yue Ouyang , Wang Xuechuan , Xie Long , Bai Zhongxue , Zou Xiaoliang , Liu Xinhua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractImplantable bioelectronic devices (IBDs) have gained attention for their capacity to conformably detect physiological and pathological signals and further provide internal therapy. However, traditional power sources integrated into these IBDs possess intricate limitations such as bulkiness, rigidity, and biotoxicity. Recently, artificial “tissue batteries” (ATBs) have diffusely developed as artificial power sources for IBDs manufacturing, enabling comprehensive biological‐activity monitoring, diagnosis, and therapy. ATBs are on‐demand and designed to accommodate the soft and confining curved placement space of organisms, minimizing interface discrepancies, and providing ample power for clinical applications. This review presents the near‐term advancements in ATBs, with a focus on their miniaturization, flexibility, biodegradability, and power density. Furthermore, it delves into material‐screening, structural‐design, and energy density across three distinct categories of TBs, distinguished by power supply strategies. These types encompass innovative energy storage devices (chemical batteries and supercapacitors), power conversion devices that harness power from human‐body (biofuel cells, thermoelectric nanogenerators, bio‐potential devices, piezoelectric harvesters, and triboelectric devices), and energy transfer devices that receive and utilize external energy (radiofrequency‐ultrasound energy harvesters, ultrasound‐induced energy harvesters, and photovoltaic devices). Ultimately, future challenges and prospects emphasize ATBs with the indispensability of bio‐safety, flexibility, and high‐volume energy density as crucial components in long‐term implantable bioelectronic devices.