bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is the Impact of Digital Tools on Hospitality Business Performance? The Case of SME Accommodation Sector in Portugal
Authors: Lopes João M. , Gomes Sofia , Ferreira João J. , Ferreira Luís 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDespite numerous studies on digital tools in tourism and hospitality, few quantitative investigations use an integrated set of these tools to enhance business success. This study examines the impact of digital tools on hospitality business performance, using data from 234 SMEs in Portugal's accommodation sector. Findings show that integrating tourist accommodation into business groups positively influences digital tool adoption. Higher investment in business digitalisation also positively affects tool adoption and overall performance. The most valued digital tools by Portuguese SMEs include updated websites, social networks, online store/reservation systems, and digital marketing. This study provides valuable insights for tourism marketers and business managers to enhance SMEs' competitiveness in the hospitality sector.
Aspirin and NSAIDs are Associated With Reduced Cancer and Mortality Risk in Patients With Chronic Liver Diseases—A Swedish Cohort Study
Authors: Stokkeland Knut , Söderberg‐Löfdal Karin , Villner Pär , Franck Johan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAspirin and NSAIDs may be beneficial in chronic liver diseases. We explored the effect of exposure to anti‐inflammatory drugs in patients with chronic liver disease with regard to adverse liver events, cancers and mortality. A cohort of patients with chronic liver disease 2005–2020 (n = 21 439) was studied. All patients were hospitalised in Region Stockholm. Data from the Patient Register, Prescribed Drug Register, Death Certificate Register, Cancer Register, two laboratories and Stockholm Center for Health Data were combined. We analysed death, adverse liver events, liver cancers and all cancers in relation to drug exposure. During follow‐up 10 279 patients (47.9%) died. There was a reduced risk for all cancers combined when patients were exposed to aspirin (aHR 0.68; 95% CI 0.63–0.73) and NSAIDs (aHR 0.80; 95% CI 0.75–0.86) and a reduced risk of liver cancer in patients exposed to aspirin (aHR 0.48; 95% CI 0.41–0.57) and to NSAIDs (aHR 0.71; 95% CI 0.62–0.82). There was a reduced overall mortality risk for patients exposed to NSAIDs (aHR 0.68; 95% CI 0.64–0.72) and a reduced mortality risk for patients exposed to aspirin (aHR 0.86; 95% CI 0.82–0.91) after adjusting for comorbidities and severity of the liver disease. Patients with alcohol‐associated liver disease exposed to aspirin had reduced mortality risk (aHR 0.82; 95% CI 0.76–0.89) and exposure to NSAIDs also reduced the mortality risk (aHR 0.74; 95% CI 0.69–080). Exposure to aspirin or NSAIDs in patients with chronic liver diseases was associated with reduced cancer risks including risk for liver cancer and decreased overall mortality risk.
Effect of Sulfate‐Based Stabilizers on the Rust Layer Formation and Corrosion Resistance of Q420qNH Weathering Steel
Authors: Fan Ming , Zhao Kang‐wei , Ke Jia‐rong , Yang Jian‐jun , Liu Xi‐mao , Luo Deng , Fan Cai‐he , Xiong Xiang‐jiang , Chen Qian , Li Fang‐fang , Zhang Wei , Ghali Edward , Guo Hong‐yan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the use of sulfate‐based stabilizers to stabilize the surface of Q420qNH weathering steel (WS) and their effect on rust layer formation and corrosion resistance. Dry/wet cyclic corrosion tests (CCT) were used to examine the effects of the various treatment regimens. The results demonstrated that sulfate‐based stabilizers accelerated the formation of α‐FeOOH, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of WS in simulated marine atmospheres. Particularly, the A1 stabilizer consisting of the CuSO4, FeSO4, NaHSO3, and Cr2(SO4)3 solution system shows better applicability under the simulated marine atmosphere. Specifically, after 8+64CCTs, the corrosion rate of sample A1 decreased by 54%, while the proportion of α‐FeOOH, the α/γ* value, and the self‐corrosion potential (Ecorr) increased by 15%, 0.55, and 0.29 V, respectively. The rust layer of Q420qNH WS primarily consists of γ‐FeOOH, α‐FeOOH, Fe3O4, and γ‐Fe2O3. Surface stabilization treatment with sulfate‐based stabilizers promoted the enrichment of Cu and Cr in the cracks, facilitating the filling of these defects and enhancing the stability and corrosion potential of the rust layer.
Harnessing Crystallization‐Driven Self‐Assembly (CDSA) of Semicrystalline Block Copolymers for Functional 2D Architectures and Their Applications
Authors: Sahu Ankita , Mahapatra Sipradip , Dey Pradip , Ghosh Goutam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract2D micelles have attracted considerable attention in materials science due to their high surface area, tunable surface properties, and diverse potential applications. Although various methods are well‐established for synthesizing 2D inorganic materials, the development of 2D organic materials remains less advanced due to challenges in achieving controlled synthesis. Crystallization‐driven self‐assembly (CDSA) has emerged as a powerful and adaptable approach for constructing 2D micellar structures with precise control over dimensions, morphology, and corona chemistry. This technique is particularly significant for creating functional 2D architectures with applications across tissue engineering, nanomedicine, and sensing. Recent advances in CDSA of block copolymers have enabled enhanced structural precision and reproducibility, making it a valuable tool for designing next‐generation 2D materials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current principles, properties, and application potential of 2D micelles with crystalline cores formed through CDSA, highlighting the transformative impact of this approach in the field of soft matter and nanotechnology.
Balancing the Mechanical Toughness and Electrical Insulation of Polypropylene by Blending and Grafting Modifications
Authors: Niu Shengkun , Zhang Tiandong , Zhang Huiyang , Zhang Changhai , Zhang Yue , Yin Chao , Zhang Yongquan , Wu Guanglei , Chi Qingguo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBalancing the mechanical toughness and electrical insulation of polypropylene (PP) for recyclable cable insulation application has attracted increasing attention. Due to the different molecular conformation, isotactic polypropylene (IPP) always delivers excellent electrical insulation but poor mechanical toughness, while block polypropylene (BPP) has been dramatically opposed properties. Blending IPP with BPP at an appropriate content may be beneficial to reconcile the toughness and insulation. In this study, the blending ratio of IPP and BPP is first investigated, and it is found that 60: 40 wt.% is the optimized ratio for achieving outstanding overall performance. Furthermore, polyolefin elastomer (POE) and styrene‐grafted POE (POE‐g‐St) are incorporated into IPP/BPP blends respectively to intensify the toughness as well as the insulation property. The microstructure, electrical properties, mechanical properties, and thermal properties of the composites are systematically analyzed and discussed. The results demonstrate that the composite with a grafting ratio of 1.21 wt.% styrene exhibits superior overall performances, the enhanced breakdown field strength of 314.02 kV mm−1, and reduced elastic modulus of 352.54 MPa are achieved. Additionally, the modified composites also possess a high melting temperature, high volume resistivity, and excellent space charge suppression capability, achieving the synergistic improvements of the electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties.
Electrospinning Using AC Electric Fields
Authors: Stanishevsky Andrei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractElectrospinning is increasingly used as a staple technology for the fabrication of nano‐ and micro‐fibers of different materials. Most processes utilize direct current (DC) electrospinning, and a multitude of DC‐electrospinning tools ranging from research to commercial production systems is currently available. Yet, there are numerous studies performed on electrospinning techniques utilizing non‐DC, periodic electric fields, or alternating current (AC) electrospinning. Those studies demonstrate the strong potential of AC‐electrospinning for the sustainable production of various nanofibrous materials and structures. Although tremendous progress is achieved in the development of AC‐electrospinning over the last 10 years, this technique remains uncommon. This paper reviews the AC‐electrospinning concepts, instrumentation, and technology. The main focus of this review is the most studied, “electric wind” driven AC‐electrospinning technique tentatively named alternating field electrospinning (AFES). The latter term emphasizes the role of the AC electric field's confinement to the fiber‐generating electrode and the absence of a counter electrode in such an electrospinning system. The synopses of AFES process parameters, fiber‐generating spinneret designs, benefits and obstacles, advancements in AC electrospun nano/micro‐fibrous materials/structures and their applications are given, and future directions are discussed.
Predicting Power Density for Mm‐Wave Handset Antennas Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Li Hui , Qu Chang , Zhang Jiapeng , Feng Tian‐Xi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSimulating the peak spatial‐average incident power density (PD) for 5G millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) handset antenna arrays is important but time‐consuming, as the entire handset needs to be taken into account. In this letter, a time‐efficient method based on machine learning (ML) is proposed to predict the maximum PD of mm‐wave antennas in real handsets. By training various typical antenna arrays, a mapping relationship is established between the near‐field distributions of the antenna array in real handsets and those of the stand‐alone array. With this mapping, the maximum PD of any mm‐wave array in a real handset can be quickly predicted by simulating the PD of the corresponding stand‐alone array. The method has been verified on several 4 × 1 arrays commonly used in 5G mobile handsets, showing accurate prediction of the maximum PD. The proposed method can be applied to mm‐wave arrays of any type and significantly reduces the evaluation time.
Reconstruction of Rock Composed of Multiple Irregular Minerals and Microcracks Using the Modified Quartet Structure Generation Set Method
Authors: Guo Peng , Chen Hanyu , Li Guangyao , Fan Lifeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, a modified reconstruction method for rock that considers the irregularity of minerals and microcracks was proposed. First, the quartet structure generation set (QSGS) method was modified by establishing two different growth modes of initial growth cores to generate the minerals and microcracks. Then, three‐dimensional (3D) digital rock modeling software was developed based on the modified method, achieving efficient and parametric rock modeling using real rock characteristic parameters. Next, taking granite as an example, a series of digital rock models were reconstructed based on the real characteristic parameters obtained by x‐ray diffraction (XRD) and computed tomography (CT) tests. Finally, the accuracy of the modified method was verified by comparing the fractal dimensions of minerals and microcracks of digital rock models and granite sample. The results show that 3D digital rock modeling software can generate digital rock models with different mineral contents and porosities and that the generation time of the model decreases exponentially as the grid size increases. Meanwhile, the fractal dimensions of minerals and microcracks in the digital rock models are similar to those in the granite sample with acceptable errors of ± 5.0%. In summary, the modified method can reconstruct rock accurately and effectively by considering the irregularity of minerals and microcracks.
The effects of microprocessor prosthetic knee use in early rehabilitation: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Morgan Sara J. , Friedly Janna L. , Nelson Ian K. , Rosen Rachael E. , Humbert Andrew T. , Hafner Brian J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundMicroprocessor‐controlled prosthetic knees (MPKs) improve safety, stability, and mobility for people with transfemoral amputation. Despite these benefits, MPKs are often not used for people in early rehabilitation.ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of a study that compares MPKs and nonmicroprocessor knees (NMPKs) for people with recent transfemoral amputation and report on health outcomes after 3 months of use. Investigators hypothesized that MPK users would have better outcomes than NMPK users.DesignPilot randomized controlled study.SettingInstitutional laboratory.ParticipantsAdults with recent unilateral transfemoral amputation, deemed ready for their first prosthesis, and weighed <125 kg. Eighteen participants enrolled; 15 completed the study.InterventionsParticipants were randomized to use a MPK or NMPK in their first prosthesis.Main Outcome Measure(s)Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, and missing data. Health outcome measures included performance‐based and self‐reported measures of mobility, participation, step activity, and falls.ResultsEighteen of 24 planned participants enrolled in the study. Fifteen participants received a study prosthesis and completed the 3‐month trial (MPK: n = 9; NMPK: n = 6). Participants with an MPK had significantly higher Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (p = .01, Hedges' g: 1.70), Activity‐specific Balance Confidence (p = .01, Hedges' g: 1.75), and Return to Normal Living Index (p = .05, Hedges' g: 0.54) scores compared to patients with NMPK. No other outcomes significantly differed between groups; effect sizes (0.47–1.75) across mobility outcomes indicated better outcomes in the MPK group.ConclusionsEnrollment goals were limited by the COVID‐19 pandemic, but all 15 participants who received a study prosthesis finished the 3‐month pilot study. The MPK group generally had better 3‐month outcomes than the NMPK group, but few statistically significant differences were found due to the small sample size and heterogeneity within groups. Results from this pilot study can inform and power future studies that compare MPKs and NMPKs in early rehabilitation.
Postmenstrual age at Extubation as a Risk Factor Associated With Respiratory‐Related Reintubation Among Extremely Preterm Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kambara Masanori , Takeuchi Jiro , Kumano Akari , Fujita Chisato , Matsumura Mami , Suzuki Akiko , Takao Daishi , Iseki Tomohiro , Kai Akihiko , Maekawa Shu , Shiomi Masashi , Sumi Kiyoaki 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious studies that discussed risk factors associated with extubation failure among preterm infants may have underestimated extubation failures because they used short observation windows for detecting reintubations.AimsTo explore risk factors associated with reintubations among extremely preterm infants during hospitalization.Study DesignA single‐center, retrospective cohort study.SubjectsInfants born < 28 weeks gestational age between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022.Outcome MeasuresWe focused only on extubation failures associated with respiratory problems. We assessed risk factors by conducting multivariable logistic regression analyses using variables previously reported as risk factors associated with extubation failure among preterm infants.ResultsNinety‐five infants with a median gestational age of 25.6 weeks were eligible, and of those, 33 infants (34.7%) experienced extubation failure. Reintubations within 7 days after extubation accounted for approximately three‐quarters of whole reintubations (24 infants, 72.7%). Risk factors associated with extubation failure were partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) before extubation (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.14; p = 0.023), fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) before extubation (adjusted OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.10–8.04; p = 0.032), and postmenstrual age (PMA) at extubation (adjusted OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.84–0.97; p = 0.004). The predictive model submitting these variables demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.802.ConclusionsWhen evaluating extubation failures more precisely by adopting the longer period, we might need to consider not only respiratory status before extubation but also maturity at extubation to assess extubation readiness.
Dirac Operators on Configuration Spaces: Fermions with Half‐integer Spin, Real Structure, and Yang–Mills Quantum Field Theory
Authors: Aastrup Johannes , Grimstrup Jesper Møller 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this paper, the development of a spectral triple‐like construction on a configuration space of gauge connections is continued. It has previously been shown that key elements of bosonic and fermionic quantum field theory emerge from such a geometrical framework. In this paper, a central problem concerning the inclusion of fermions with half‐integer spin into this framework is solved. The tangent space of the configuration space is mapped into a similar space based on spinors, and this map is used to construct a Dirac operator on the configuration space. A real structure acting in a Hilbert space over the configuration space is also constructed. Finally, it is shown that the self‐dual and anti‐self‐dual sectors of the Hamiltonian of a nonperturbative quantum Yang‐Mills theory emerge from a unitary transformation of a Dirac equation on a configuration space of gauge fields. The dual and anti‐dual sectors are shown to emerge in a two‐by‐two matrix structure.
Effects of Cornus mas L. Supplementation on Anthropometric and Metabolic Characteristics in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Li Dong , Liu Yuzhe , Fu Qiang , Han Rui , Wu Jinlin , Zhang Qinglan , Fang Fang , Zhu Danping 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is threatening the health of people around the world. The fruit of Cornus mas L. (CM) is rich in bioactive compounds that have the potential to promote health and improve chronic diseases associated with MetS. This systematic review aimed to compile data on the effects of CM supplementation on anthropometric and metabolic characteristics in patients with MetS. Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were employed to identify the eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of CM on anthropometric parameters, glycemia, and lipid profiles up to December 2024. The included articles were subjected to assessment using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A heterogeneity test was conducted on the included trials using the I2 statistic. A random‐effects model was applied based on the results of the heterogeneity tests, and the pooled data were presented as the mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of five RCTs were included in the analysis, with a total sample size of 313 human subjects. The results indicated that CM had a significant effect on lowering body mass index (BMI) (MD: −0.31; 95% CI: −0.46 to −0.16, p < 0.0001, I2 = 15%), hip circumference (HC) (MD: −0.84; 95% CI: −1.31 to −0.37, p = 0.0005, I2 = 19%), fasting blood glucose (FBG) (MD: −4.85; 95% CI: −7.80 to −1.91, p = 0.001, I2 = 24%), and total cholesterol (TC) levels (MD: −13.40; 95% CI: −18.93 to −7.87, p < 0.00001, I2 = 30%). Furthermore, a notable elevation in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐c) was observed in CM interventions (MD: 2.08; 95% CI: 0.03–4.13, p = 0.05, I2 = 0%). Compared to the control group, the reduction in insulin (MD: −3.20; 95% CI: −5.25 to −1.15, p = 0.002, I2 = 83%), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) (MD: −0.36; 95% CI: −0.67 to −0.04, p = 0.03, I2 = 89%), triglyceride (TG) (MD: −36.47, 95% CI: −62.03 to −10.91, p = 0.005, I2 = 76%), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐c) (MD: −15.35; 95% CI: −25.63 to −5.06, p = 0.003, I2 = 52%) were observed in CM interventions, although there was considerable heterogeneity in the results. In conclusion, the present findings suggest the beneficial effects of CM supplementation on MetS and related disorders. However, in order to establish a robust link between CM and MetS, further trials with adequate sample sizes are warranted.
Fault Detection Observer Design for Nonlinear Steering Control Systems of Unmanned Surface Vehicles
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Lei , Hao Li‐Ying , Yang Qinghua , Wang Yu‐Long 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis article studies the design of fault detection (FD) observers for nonlinear steering control (NSC) systems of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) with steering machine faults. The considered NSC systems of USVs are characterized by discrete‐time T‐S fuzzy models with immeasurable states. First, a new fuzzy FD observer is constructed to handle the challenge caused by the introduction of membership functions (MFs) that are different from the ones in the system, in which the MFs in the FD are designed by scaling and biasing those of the T‐S model. Different from the existing uncertainty restrictions between the MFs in the systems and those in the observers, the deterministic restrictions are constructed, and the MFs of the observer are directly constructed according to the ones of the system without calculation. Then, by employing Lyapunov function (LF), it is proved that the constructed FD observers can ensure the stability and desired performance of the systems. Finally, an NSC system model of USVs is given to verify the effectiveness of the presented technical solution.
Observer‐Based Practically Prescribed‐Time Attitude Control for Flexible Spacecraft
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhang Ying , Wu Ai‐Guo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the practically prescribed‐time attitude stabilization problem for flexible spacecraft with unknown disturbances is investigated. By designing an extended modal observer, the flexible vibrations and disturbances are compensated. Compared with some existing results on the flexible modal observers, an appealing feature in the current design is that the estimation errors of flexible vibrations converge faster. To establish the practically prescribed‐time control scheme, a state‐scaling transformation is introduced by time‐varying functions. Additionally, with the aid of the presented observer and an adaptive law, the attitude achieves practically prescribed‐time stability. At last, numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Rapid Dye Loading Techniques in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Kandregula Ganapathi Rao , Mandal Sudip , Pasala Vasudevarao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) greatly impacted researchers because of their inexpensive materials (organic/inorganic‐based molecules) and relatively simple fabrication process. The fabrication of DSSCs possesses donor‐acceptor type light‐harvesting materials and simple manufacturing techniques; the technology is the most environmentally friendly. In the process of preparing photoanode, adsorption of dye on the TiO2 is one of the crucial and time‐consuming processes. The conventional method of dye adsorption is carried out by dipping the FTO/TiO2 electrodes in dye solution for 12 to 48 h. In the DSSCs literature, very few techniques were explored to reduce the dye loading time. This review focuses on various dye loading methods, such as electrical adsorption, spray coating, microwave‐assisted ultrasonication, functionalized carboxylate deposition, solution dropping, and electrosorption, and so on. and their consequences in influencing the power conversion efficiency of DSSCs. Dipping and evaporation, solution dropping method, and gas bubbling soaking are inexpensive methods for dye loading. However, the electrochemical methods provide enhanced dye loading within an optimum duration resulting in the improvement of PCE as compared to rest of the methods.