bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood supply to the stomach of Yorkshire pigs at the stages of postnatal ontogenesis
Authors: Polyanskaya A. I. , Shchipakin M. V. 
Published: December 2023

The development of the agro–industrial complex of the Russian Federation is one of the priorities in agriculture. Pig breeding is one of the most profitable branches of animal husbandry. This is due to the fact that pigs have a number of biological features that are successfully used to produce products (pork, bacon, bacon). With the intensification of pig breeding, special attention is paid to scientific approaches to improving pig feeding. In this regard, we set ourselves the goal of the study – to study the arterial vascularization of the stomach in Yorkshire piglets and to determine the morphometric data of the organ at the stages of postnatal ontogenesis. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. Cadaver material for the study was delivered to the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine from the Idavang Agro pig breeding complex in Nurma village, Tosnensky district of the Leningrad Region. The study was conducted in three age groups, according to the periodization of the life of pigs. To achieve this task, traditional morphological research methods were used, namely: fine anatomical dissection, photographing, vasorentgenography with morphometry in the "RadiAnt" program. During the study, it was found that arterial gastric vascularization in Yorkshire piglets at the stages of postnatal ontogenesis is carried out due to the hepatic and splenic arteries, which are branches of the abdominal artery. The branches of the arteries of the first order branch in a loose type. When conducting a comparative analysis of the morphometric characteristics of the hepatic and splenic arteries and their branches, we came to the conclusion that the diameter of the hepatic artery will prevail over the splenic, and their branches of the first order are diametrically opposed to each other.
Anatomical and topographic features of fascia of the gluteal-femoral region in the common lynx
Authors: Slesarenko N. A. , Oganov E. O. , Shirokova E. O. 
Published: December 2023

The article presents anatomical features of the superficial and deep fascia, in particular on the pelvic limb of the common lynx, which are absent in the available literature. The material for the research was a sectional material - pelvic limbs (n= 6), selected from the common lynx, without external signs of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. Methods of fine macro- and microanatomic dissection of the lynx's left pelvic limb were used. At the same time, a functional analysis of the studied structures and skeletotopic projection of muscles, fascia and fascial nodes were carried out. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that the deep fascia is separated from the superficial fascia by an interfacial space filled with loose connective (or fatty) tissue. In the pelvic limb area, it is represented by the gluteal-femoral fascia, and on the lower leg it continues as the deep fascia of the lower leg. In the process of dissecting the deep fascia, we noted that in the gluteal region, the deep gluteal fascia is fixed on the supracosteal ligament, in the area of the root of the tail, along the tail fold and up to the sciatic tubercle. We noted that the deep gluteal fascia begins from the vertebral head of the biceps femoris muscle and, in the cranial direction, covers successively the posterior, superficial gluteal and caudal part of the middle gluteus muscle. Along the way, the perimysium of the above muscles are interwoven into it, however, in the area of the iliac wing, it fuses with the perimysium of the middle gluteal muscle and then continues into the lumbar fascia. At the same time, it forms a fascial node in the maklok area. Distally, the deep gluteal fascia continues as the deep femoral fascia. The data obtained are the reference in assessing the structural and functional state of the fascial formations of the pelvic limb in the common lynx.
Prospects for the use of brown algae as a natural adaptogen
Authors: Karpenko L. Yu. , Bakhta A. A. , Borisova S. D. , Babich O. O. , Sukhoi S. A. , Nikonov I. N. 
Published: December 2023

One of the most important trends in the development of modern agriculture is the policy of replacing or completely replacing antibiotics and chemical antimicrobial agents in animal diets.An alternative to feed antibiotics is a complex of feed additives - probiotics, prebiotics, toxin sorbents, phytobiotics. Only a comprehensive program of their use can effectively replace feed antibiotics in the diets of farm animals and poultry. It is relevant and promising to use components of plant origin as feed additives that can increase the productivity of livestock, stimuate reproduction, and improve the consumer properties of products.The purpose of the research was to search for biologically active substances in brown algae, which are potential stimulators of nonspecific resistance in poultry. The objects of research were fresh algae Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum, collected by hand from rocky areas in the coastal zone of the White Sea (near the village of Nyukhcha, Kondostrov Island, Onega Bay) during low tide from August to October 2023. During the research, the biomass of algae Fucus vesiculosus (F. vesiculosus) and Ascophyllum nodosum (A. nodosum) was studied. In these biomassages, the content of crude protein, lipids, moisture, as well as fucoidan polysaccharides and alginates in the samples was studied.Thus, in the course of the research, fucoidan polysaccharide was identified in brown algae of the White Sea (fucus vesiculosa and ascophyllum), which is a natural stimulator of a nonspecific immune response, contributing to an increase in the number of bifidobacteria in the intestines of animals. The presence of fucoidan in high concentrations makes brown algae a promising basis for the production of veterinary drugs and feed additives.
The effect of physical activity on the manifestation of age-related degenerative changes in the neuromuscular apparatus in dogs
Authors: Aleksandrova E. Yu. , Kryachko O. V. 
Published: December 2023

Degenerative changes in neuromuscular structures are an irreversible process in the pathogenesis of age-related changes. These include a decrease in the proportion of muscle tissue, the replacement of nerve structures with connective tissue elements, the development of synoptic depression and a decrease in the excitability and lability of the neuromuscular apparatus as a result. An important aspect of maintaining the quality of life of dogs older than 9 years is the prvention and postponement of irreversible degenerative processes. For this purpose, the introduction of physical activity into the protocols of prevention and rehabilitation after injuries is widespread in humane medicine. However, there is no convincing evidence base for the effectiveness of physical activity in relation to the prevention of age-related degenerative changes for animals. In the course of the work, the influence of physical activity on the manifestation of degenerative changes in animals aged 9 to 11 years was studied using an electrophysiological research method - electroneuromyography (ENMG). This technique helps to assess the functional state of neuromuscular structures using a graphical image (M-response curve). The obtained results show that the condition of the studied structures in the experimental group of animals according to the obtained electrophysiological data is estimated as more functionally preserved, compared with the animals of the control group. This is due to the fact that kinesiotherapy has a positive effect on the metabolic processes occurring at the cellular and tissue levels, thereby improving microcirclation and innervation of neuromuscular structures, and also has a restorative effect on the entire animal body The obtained results indisputably indicate the beneficial effect of physical activity on the state of the neuromuscular system of animals.
Age-related anatomical features of the femur of the sable of the Black Pushkin breed in conditions of limited mobility
Authors: Yavolovskaya Ya. O. , Shchipakin M. V. 
Published: December 2023

Knowledge of the structural features of the pelvic limb skeleton is necessary for a veterinary specialist performing surgical interventions on this area of the body. It is the structure of the pelvic limbs that gives the relative springiness to the body of the sable with a jumpy run and the speed of movements and reactions to surrounding actions. In connection with the above, the relevance of this study is beyond doubt. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The objects for this study were the corpses of the black Pushkin sable breed of two age groups: 15-20 months from birth (physiological maturity) and 36-40 months from birth (puberty). To achieve this task, a complex of traditional anatomical research methods was used: fine anatomical dissection, maceration, photographing and morphometry. The age-related anatomical features of the skeleton and morphometric data of the femur of the sable of the Black Pushkin breed in conditions of limited mobility were established. Sables, living in natural conditions, receive significant physical exertion on the pelvic limb. This explains the decrease in the diameter of the femoral neck in animals with limited dynamics with age. Keeping these animals in the conditions of fur farms significantly reduces the level of locomotion, which certainly affects the development of bones and their structures. The patella block as an adaptive structure receives significant additional lateroal and proximal development, manifested in the form of ridges extending beyond the compact substance of the knee block. This structure of the block contributes to the maximum extension of the knee joint with the contraction of the quadriceps femoral muscle.
Morphological features of the wall of the small intestine of diurnal quails of meat breeds
Authors: Golovchenko T. S. , Lemeshenko V. V. , Makalish T. P. 
Published: December 2023

The morphofunctional status of the digestive apparatus, including the small intestine, is decisive in the implementation of life-supporting functions both at the organ and at the organizational level, which is due not only to its participation directly in digestion, but also in providing immunogenesis with tissue components of the intestinal wall. However, in the scientific literature, the structure of the intestinal wall in newborn quails is not described fully enough, there are no comparative data on the morphology of the small intestine within the group of breeds belonging to the meat direction. The purpose of the study: to establish the features of the structure of the intestinal wall in diurnal quails of meat breeds. The breed features of the morphology of the small intestine of diurnal quails of the meat breeds Pharaoh, Texas and Japanese by n=4 were studied using a set of morphological techniques. It was found that the length and width of the villi prevail in the diurnal quails of the Japanese breed, as well as the number of goblet cells in the duodenum and jejunum compared with those of the Pharaoh and Texas quails, while the smallest values of the length and width of the villi, as well as the number of goblet cells, were revealed in the Pharaoh quails. The exception was the thickness of the serous membrane of the jejunum, which has the highest index in daily quails of the Pharaoh breed, and the lowest in quails of the Texas breed.
The lymphatic bed of the oral cavity in sheep of the Edilbaev breed
Authors: Melnikov S. I. , Vasiliev D. V. 
Published: December 2023

The study of the lymphatic system is of interest not only for morphology, but also for physiology and pathology, since it is in the organs and tissues where the lymphatic capillaries are located that metabolism occurs. The lymphatic bed is represented by intramural vessels, regional lymph nodes of the first and second order. The aim of the study was to determine the lymph nodes and vessels involved in the lymph outflow from the lip area in sheep of the Edilbaev breed. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The material was sheep of the Edilbaevsky breed in the amount of five pieces at the age of one year. As methods, an interstitial (interstitial) injection with cotrust masses in the form of a blue mass of Gerot was used, which was prepared by rubbing 2.0 g of blue oil paint in 30.0 g of gum turpentine. The resulting mass was mixed with 15.0 g of ether and passed through a filter. Before the injection, the sheep's head was placed in warm water for several hours. The injection is carried out with a syringe with thin needles. Contrast masses were injected very slowly, gently massaging the injected area. As a result of our research, we came to the conclusion that the direction of the main lymphatic vessels of the upper lip and the edges of the nasal opening corresponds to the line drawn from the corner of the lips to the mandibular joint; the direction of the diverting lymphatic vessels of the lower lip corresponds to the direction of the free edge of the lower jaw; the main regional lymph nodes for the diverting lymphatic vessels of the lips of the sheep of the Edilbaev breed are the parotid and mandibular and, in isolated cases, the lateral pharyngeal.
The role of chronic systemic inflammation syndrome in pregnant cows in the development of antenatal liver pathology in newborn calves
Authors: Parshin P. A. , Vostroilova G. A. , Brigadirov Yu. N. , Shaposhnikov I. T. , Zhukov M. S. , Akulova K. O. 
Published: December 2023

Studies have been conducted to study the effect of the cytokine profile of cows with chronic systemic inflammation syndrome in the third trimester of pregnancy on the hematobiochemical status of newborn calves. The experiment was conducted on redmottled cows, which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 15) – clinically healthy cows with uncomplicated pregnancy, average fatness 3.6 ± 0.16 points, group 2 (n = 7) – cows with lowintensity chronic systemic inflammation syndrome, average fatness 4.4± 0.20 points. At the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy, blood serum samples were taken from cows to determine the level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-γ (INF-γ). On the 3rd day after birth, blood samples were taken from the received calves for analysis. The above cytokines and hematobiochemical parameters were determined. It was found that in calves from group 2, the level of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and INF-γ was lower than the comparison group by 10.0; 29.3; 24.5 and 17.4%, respectively, and IL-1ß and TNF-α were 45.8 and 8.7% higher. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that there is a significant direct correlation of noticeable and high strength between the level of cytokines of maternal cows and similar indicators in newborns, which indicates the influence of signaling proteins of the mother's body on fetal development. As a result, neonatal hepatodystrophy was diagnosed in calves born from cows with chronic systemic inflammation syndrome, accompanied by cytolysis and cholestasis syndrome, accumulation of endotoxins and a decrease in energy substrates. The data obtained show that a change in the cytokine profile during pregnancy towards the predominance of proinflammatory cytokines creates a risk of developing antenatal liver pathology in future offspring, thereby forming prerequisites for the development of comorbid pathology in newborns.
The role of neutrophilic granulocytes and cationic proteins as biomarkers of the severity of the course of infectious and non-infectious animal diseases animal diseases
Authors: Pimenov N. V. , Laptev S. V. , Permyakova K. Yu. , Mazanova S. N. , Ivannikova R. F. 
Published: December 2023

Innate immunity plays a decisive role in the primary reaction of the body to microbial agents. It is realized through the activation of cellular and humoral factors of nonspecific resistance – neutrophils, macrophages and antimicrobial and regulatory substances secreted by them, which, in turn, trigger a cascade of reactions involving lymphocytes. On the surface of the mucous membranes and in mucosal secretions, neutrophils realize their function not only through phagocytosis, but also through the release of DNA and bactericidal granules that form neutrophil extracellular traps. Violation of the functioning of these cells on the surface of the mucous membranes is considered as one of the factors of the formation of pathological microbial communities, leading to the development of dysbiosis and inflammation of various localization. The completed character of phagocytosis is provided by microbicidal systems of leukocytes: cationic proteins and myeloperoxidase. They have a special immunological significance and influence the course and outcome of the disease. Myeloperoxidase and cationic proteins are the main factors of bactericidal protection.
The effect of mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats on the quality of their sperm cells
Authors: Korochkina E. A. , Trifonova A. V. , Finageev E. Y. , Glavatskaya D. E. , Pushkina V. S. 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to study the influence of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats on the quality parameters of their sperm. A complex evaluation of sperm quality (volume, concentration, morphology, motility) of Saanen and Czech goats (n=10) at the age of 1-2.5 years was carried out according to generally accepted methods and protocols. Adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM) were obtained after the slaughter of goats (n=6) on a peasant farm in the Volkhov district of the Leningrad region. After processing the obtained samples, mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats were isolated, accumulated and cryopreserved. Three groups of samples of 10 each were formed: control (spermatozoa 7x1010 cells/ml + PBS buffer 100 μl, pH – 7.4), first experimental (spermatozoa 7x1010 cells/ml + MSCs 2x1010 cells/ml, pH – 7.2), the second was experimental (sperm 7x1010 cells/ml + BM MSCs 2x108 cells/ml, pH – 7.2) and a four-stage assessment of sperm quality was carried out: after incubation of sperm with mesenchymal stem cells at a temperature of 38℃ for 0, 1, 2 and 3 hours. Based on the results obtained, the working protocol for the use of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow for the sperm of breeding goats is the concentration of MSCs - 2x108 cells/ml and the concentration of goat spermatozoa - 7x1010 cells/ml. The studies conducted have established the positive effect of mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats on the quality indicators of their sperm. At the same time, spermatozoa remain viable during three-hour incubation with a progression of movements equal to 51.5±8.46 - 51.8±5.2% and a number of morphologically normal sperm equal to 50.40±2.21 - 51.10±3, 14% (3 hours after incubation, MSCs from adipose tissue and bone marrow, respectively).
The influence of the level of compartmentalization on the export potential of the region, in the context of the Novosibirsk and Tomsk regions
Authors: Senina M. A. , Krivetsky K. I. , Arkhipenko E. V. 
Published: December 2023

The formation of the level of zoosanitary protection of enterprises is reflected in the assignment of the status of regionalization for especially dangerous animal diseases throughout the country. The Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance ensures the safety of the territory of the Russian Federation from the introduction and spread of animal diseases. Assigning the level of compartmentalization to an enterprise depends on compliance with the basic standards for the maintenance and breeding of pigs, as well as the processing of pig products. The assignment of the highest level of compartmentalization allows the company to sell products almost without restrictions, both within the subject of the Russian Federation and between subjects, as well as for export. The emergence of outbreaks of particularly dangerous diseases not only in Russia, but also around the world causes great social and economic damage. The World Organization for Animal Health is developing principles for ensuring the biological safety of the territory. Carrying out preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures at enterprises form an increase in the level of zoosanitary protection and ensuring the safety of the spread of the disease. The topic of the article is new and relevant today, since the level of compartmentalization of enterprises in the region confirms the zoosanitary status of the territory. The export of meat products from the territory of the region depends on a number of factors, including the assigned status of regionalization. Increasing the export potential of the region depends on the interaction of authorities and enterprises. The fulfillment of the conditions of the importing countries is the most important principle of export supplies. Many enterprises are deprived of the right to export only because of the formal approach of fulfilling the requirements that lead to the identification of violations during the preparation of export shipments and the certification of the enterprise for inclusion in the registers of compartmentalization.
IN MEMORIAM. LEADING HELLENIST AND UNIQUE CONNOISSEUR OF GREEK LITERATURE, MARIO VITTI, PASSED AWAY (1926-2023)
Authors: Тресорукова И.В. 
Published: December 2023

14 февраля 2023 года в Риме скончался выдающийся исследователь греческой литературы, эллинист Марио Витти. Свою долгую жизнь он посвятил греческой литературе, был близким другом Одиссеаса Элитиса, Микиса Теодоракиса, Йоргоса Сефериса, Маноса Хадзидакиса и многих других выдающихся греческих литераторов, актеров, музыкантов и поэтов. Благодаря ему греческая литература пережила второе рождение: он обнаружил и опубликовал самый древний текст современного греческого театра («Диалог» Николаоса Софианоса), религиозную драму Теодоро Мончелезе с Закинфа «Эвгена» (Венеция, 1646 год) и два тома текстов Андреаса Кальвоса.
On February 14, 2023, the outstanding researcher of Greek literature, Hellenist Mario Vitti died in Rome. He dedicated his long life to Greek literature and was a close friend of Odysseas Elytis, Mikis Theodorakis, Yorgos Seferis, Manos Hadzidakis and many other prominent Greek writers, actors, musicians and poets. Thanks to him, Greek literature experienced a rebirth: he discovered and published the oldest text of modern Greek theater (Dialogue by Nikolaos Sofianos), the religious drama of Teodoro Moncelese from Zakynthos, Eugena (Venice, 1646), and two volumes of texts by Andreas Kalvos.