bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides attenuate diabetic nephropathy via the miR‐30a‐3p/TRIM16 axis
Authors: Zheng Rong , Xu Qin , Wang Yiwen , Zhong Yifei , Zhu Rong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe molecular mechanism of the protective effect of Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides (CCPs) on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is still unclear. This study aims to further understand the molecular mechanisms behind the therapeutic benefits of CCP on diabetic nephropathy.MethodsMice were randomly assigned into six groups (n = 8). Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharide dissolved in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide was administered by gavage for 12 consecutive weeks. The CCP doses were divided into low, medium, and high, 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg/day, respectively. The efficacy of CCP was determined by assessing the renal function and histological alterations in diabetic db/db mice. The degree of glomerular mesangial dilatation and sclerosis was evaluated using semiquantitative markers. Cell viability, apoptosis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in high glucose (HG)‐cultured MPC5 podocytes were determined. The interaction of miR‐30a‐3p and tripartite motif‐containing protein 16 (TRIM16) was examined by luciferase reporter assay. Western blotting, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence were used to analyze gene and protein expressions.ResultsThe in vivo findings illustrated that CCP may protect mice with type 2 diabetes from inflammation and oxidative damage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, CCP has a therapeutic value in protecting renal function and morphology in diabetic nephropathy by reversing podocyte EMT. The in vitro results indicated that CCP dose‐dependently inhibited HG‐induced apoptosis, EMT, inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial ROS levels in MPC5 podocytes (P < 0.05). Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the interaction between miR‐30a‐3p and TRIM16 in MPC5 podocytes cultured in high glucose (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe protective effect of CCP on HG‐induced MPC5 can be achieved by miR‐30a‐3p/TRIM16 axis.
Consent searches and underestimation of compliance: Robustness to type of search, consequences of search, and demographic sample
Authors: Sommers Roseanna , Bohns Vanessa K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMost police searches today are authorized by citizens' consent, rather than probable cause or reasonable suspicion. The main constitutional limitation on so‐called “consent searches” is the voluntariness test: whether a reasonable person would have felt free to refuse the officer's request to conduct the search. We investigate whether this legal inquiry is subject to a systematic bias whereby uninvolved decision‐makers overstate the voluntariness of consent and underestimate the psychological pressure individuals feel to comply. We find evidence for a robust bias extending to requests, tasks, and populations that have not been examined previously. Across three pre‐registered experiments, we approached participants (“Experiencers”) with intrusive search requests and measured their behavioral compliance and self‐reported feelings of psychological freedom. Another group of participants (“Forecasters”) reported whether they would comply if hypothetically placed in the same situation. Study 1 investigated participants' willingness to allow experimenters access to their unlocked personal smartphones in order to read through the search histories on their web browsers—a private sphere where many individuals feel they have something to hide. Results revealed that whereas 27% of Forecasters reported they would permit such a search, 92% of Experiencers complied when asked. Study 2 replicated this underestimation‐of‐compliance effect when individuals were asked to permit a search of their purses, backpacks, and other bags—traditional searches not eligible for the heightened legal protection extended to digital devices. Study 3 replicated the gap between Forecasters' projections and Experiencers' behavior in a more representative sample, and found it persists even when participants' predictions are incentivized monetarily.
Stressful life events, social support, and epigenetic aging in the Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Skinner Harlyn G. , Palma‐Gudiel Helena , Stewart James D. , Love Shelly‐Ann , Bhatti Parveen , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Wallace Robert B. , Salmoirago‐Blotcher Elena , Manson JoAnn E. , Kroenke Candyce H. , Belsky Daniel W. , Li Yun , Whitsel Eric A. , Zannas Anthony S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundElevated psychosocial stress has been linked with accelerated biological aging, including composite DNA methylation (DNAm) markers that predict aging‐related outcomes (“epigenetic age”). However, no study has examined whether stressful life events (SLEs) are associated with epigenetic age acceleration in postmenopausal women, an aging population characterized by increased stress burden and disease risk.MethodsWe leveraged the Women's Health Initiative, a large muti‐ancestry cohort of postmenopausal women with available psychosocial stress measures over the past year and epigenomic data. SLEs and social support were ascertained via self‐report questionnaires. Whole blood DNAm array (450 K) data were used to calculate five DNAm‐based predictors of chronological age, health span and life span, and telomere length (HorvathAge, HannumAge, PhenoAge, GrimAge, DNAmTL).ResultsAfter controlling for potential confounders, higher SLE burden was significantly associated with accelerated epigenetic aging, as measured by GrimAge (β: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.59) and DNAmTL (β: −0.016, 95% CI: −0.028, −0.004). Exploratory analyses showed that SLEs‐GrimAge associations were stronger in Black women as compared to other races/ethnicities and in those with lower social support levels. In women with lower social support, SLEs‐DNAmTL associations showed opposite association in Hispanic women as compared to other race/ethnicity groups.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that elevated stress burden is associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in postmenopausal women. Lower social support and/or self‐reported race/ethnicity may modify the association of stress with epigenetic age acceleration. These findings advance understanding of how stress may contribute to aging‐related outcomes and have important implications for disease prevention and treatment in aging women.
Underweight in the first 2 years of life and nutrition risk in later childhood: a prospective cohort study
Authors: South Courtney A. , Keown‐Stoneman Charles D. G. , Birken Catherine S. , Malik Vasanti , Zlotkin Stanley H. , Maguire Jonathon L. ,   and the TARGet Kids! collaboration
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildren with underweight in the first 2 years have lower body mass index z‐score (zBMI) and height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) in later childhood. It is not known if underweight in the first 2 years is associated with nutrition risk in later childhood.Objective(1) Determine the relationship between underweight (zBMI < −2) in the first 2 years and nutrition risk measured by the Nutrition Screening for Toddlers and Preschoolers (NutriSTEP) score from 18 months to 5 years. (2) Explore the relationship between underweight in the first 2 years and the NutriSTEP subscores for eating behaviours and dietary intake from 18 months to 5 years.MethodsThis was a prospective study, including healthy full‐term children in Canada aged 0–5 years. zBMI was calculated using measured heights and weights and the WHO growth standards. NutriSTEP score was measured using a parent‐completed survey and ranged from 0 to 68. Nutrition risk was defined as a score ≥21. Linear mixed effects models were used.ResultsFour thousand nine hundred twenty‐nine children were included in this study. At enrolment, 51.9% of participants were male. The prevalence of underweight children was 8.8%. Underweight in the first 2 years was associated with higher NutriSTEP (0.79, 95% CI: 0.29,1.29), higher eating behaviour subscore (0.24, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.46) at 3 years and higher odds of nutrition risk (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07,1.82) at 5 years.ConclusionsChildren with underweight in the first 2 years had higher nutrition risk in later childhood. Further research is needed to understand the factors which influence these relationships.
The effect of progressive relaxation exercises and transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation administered to women delivering via cesarean delivery on pain, breastfeeding success, and comfort levels: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Öztürk Özen Derya , Koç Gülten , Nacir Barış 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the effect of progressive relaxation exercises (PRE) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation administered to women delivering via cesarean delivery on acute pain, breastfeeding success, and comfort levels.MethodsThis is a single‐blind, randomized controlled study. This study was carried out in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of a university hospital affiliated with the Ministry of Health in Turkey between August 20, 2018 and April 15, 2019. A total of 120 participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups, which included a transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation (TENS) group, a PRE group, a combined intervention group, and a control group. Data were collected with a Data Collection Form, The Visual Analogue Scale, The LATCH Breastfeeding Diagnostic Tool, and The Postpartum Comfort Scale.ResultsAccording to the findings of the study, it was determined that pain significantly decreased and comfort increased after having a cesarean delivery in all three intervention groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Regarding the breastfeeding success, while there was no statistically significant change in this behavior in the TENS group, it was significantly better in the PRE group and the combined intervention group, where TENS and PRE were administered together (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAccording to our study results, we recommend that TENS and PRE should be employed together after a cesarean delivery as safe non‐pharmacological methods in pain management, eliminating breastfeeding problems, and increasing comfort.
Multiple genomic solutions for local adaptation in two closely related species (sheep and goats) facing the same climatic constraints
Authors: Benjelloun Badr , Leempoel Kevin , Boyer Frédéric , Stucki Sylvie , Streeter Ian , Orozco‐terWengel Pablo , Alberto Florian J. , Servin Bertrand , Biscarini Filippo , Alberti Adriana , Engelen Stefan , Stella Alessandra , Colli Licia , Coissac Eric , Bruford Michael W. , Ajmone‐Marsan Paolo , Negrini Riccardo , Clarke Laura , Flicek Paul , Chikhi Abdelkader , Joost Stéphane , Taberlet Pierre , Pompanon François 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe question of how local adaptation takes place remains a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. The variation of allele frequencies in genes under selection over environmental gradients remains mainly theoretical and its empirical assessment would help understanding how adaptation happens over environmental clines. To bring new insights to this issue we set up a broad framework which aimed to compare the adaptive trajectories over environmental clines in two domesticated mammal species co‐distributed in diversified landscapes. We sequenced the genomes of 160 sheep and 161 goats extensively managed along environmental gradients, including temperature, rainfall, seasonality and altitude, to identify genes and biological processes shaping local adaptation. Allele frequencies at putatively adaptive loci were rarely found to vary gradually along environmental gradients, but rather displayed a discontinuous shift at the extremities of environmental clines. Of the 430 candidate adaptive genes identified, only 6 were orthologous between sheep and goats and those responded differently to environmental pressures, suggesting different putative mechanisms involved in local adaptation in these two closely related species. Interestingly, the genomes of the 2 species were impacted differently by the environment, genes related to signatures of selection were most related to altitude, slope and rainfall seasonality for sheep, and summer temperature and spring rainfall for goats. The diversity of candidate adaptive pathways may result from a high number of biological functions involved in the adaptations to multiple eco‐climatic gradients, and a differential role of climatic drivers on the two species, despite their co‐distribution along the same environmental gradients. This study describes empirical examples of clinal variation in putatively adaptive alleles with different patterns in allele frequency distributions over continuous environmental gradients, thus showing the diversity of genetic responses in adaptive landscapes and opening new horizons for understanding genomics of adaptation in mammalian species and beyond.
Gender differences in unplanned hospital admission: A population‐based approach
Authors: Labaka Ainitze , Elordi‐Guenaga Udane , Zubeldia‐Etxeberria Josune , Zinkunegi‐Zubizarreta Nagore , Ugartemendia‐Yerobi Maider , Pereda‐Goikoetxea Beatriz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGender inequities are present not only in the health status of individuals but also in access to health services. Unplanned hospitalizations can indicate dysfunction in health systems by detecting unmet health problems prior to the health care needs of a person, while planned hospitalizations indicate effective management by the system. Thus, we aim to analyze the association between sex and the probability of unplanned or planned hospitalization for different diseases. A cross‐sectional retrospective study was performed with data regarding the 700 447 hospitalizations at all registered centers in the Basque Country from 2016 to 2018. Adjusted odds ratios were carried out to determine the association between sex and admission circumstances for each diagnostic category. Results showed that women had higher odds ratio for unplanned hospitalization for various diseases of the circulatory system and inguinal hernia among others, while men had a higher odds ratio for diseases such as neoplasms, metabolic diseases, and multiple sclerosis. The differences by sex indicate that the odds applied to the circumstance of hospitalization is a sensitive indicator and potentially applicable for detecting diseases likely to generate gender‐based inequalities.
Knowledge of osteoporosis prevention among people with endocrine disorders: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tan Yaqiong , Luo Bihua , Sheng Zhifeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPeople with endocrine disorders are at an increased risk of osteoporosis, yet their knowledge of osteoporosis prevention is rarely studied. This study aimed to assess the knowledge related to osteoporosis prevention and its associated factors among people with endocrine disorders in China. A cross‐sectional study was conducted in a Chinese hospital's Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology. A total of 562 people with endocrine disorders completed the Chinese version of the Osteoporosis Prevention and Awareness Tool to assess their knowledge of osteoporosis prevention. Results showed that participants had a mean knowledge of 59.36 ± 23.90 out of 100, with only 52.1% scoring above 60 points. Being female, having higher education, with comorbidities, with a recent osteoporosis diagnosis, and having received health education related to osteoporosis prevention were associated with higher knowledge of osteoporosis prevention. Our study indicates that more efforts are needed to improve the knowledge related to osteoporosis prevention among people with endocrine disorders. This may be realized by strengthening and expanding diverse education, focusing on males and those with lower education and without comorbidities.
Age at primary surgery among orofacial cleft individuals in Indonesia
Authors: Sarilita Erli , Rafisa Anggun , Desai Priya , Mossey Peter A 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo observe the age at primary cleft surgery among charity organizations such as Smile Train in helping Indonesia manage patients with OFC.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis of medical records was conducted to identify patients with orofacial clefts who underwent primary surgery between 2001 and 2021. The age at the time of surgery was recorded for each patient. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data and determine the average age at primary surgery.ResultsIn the period between 2001 and 2021, a total of 34 239 individuals in Indonesia underwent primary lip surgery, while 16 768 individuals received primary palatal surgery, as recorded in the Smile Train database. Notably, a significant proportion of these surgeries were classified as delayed primary repairs. Approximately 65.3% of primary lip surgeries were performed beyond the recommended timeline of 6 months of age, indicating a delay in the surgical intervention. Similarly, 67% of primary palatal surgeries were also delayed, occurring after the recommended timeline of 18 months of life.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into the age at primary surgery among individuals with orofacial clefts in Indonesia. The findings highlight the need for timely intervention and the importance of considering individualized treatment plans based on the specific type of orofacial cleft. Further research is warranted to explore factors influencing the age at primary surgery and their impact on treatment outcomes and long‐term functional outcomes in this population.
Organizational behavior and human resource management perspectives on entrepreneurship: Lessons learned and new directions
Authors: Waldman David A. , Stephan Ute , Song Zhaoli , Erez Miriam , Siegel Donald 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis special issue of Personnel Psychology is devoted to micro‐based research on entrepreneurship, an emerging field that heretofore has been highly influenced by scholars in economics, strategy, and sociology. A theme of this special issue is that to further advance research on entrepreneurship, we need to develop a greater understanding of the role of individuals and teams in entrepreneurial activity from an OB/HR perspective. Accordingly, the goals of our overview article are twofold. First, we summarize the articles in the special issue, which address a number of important micro topics, including HRM practices in the entrepreneurial firm, leadership, identity, teams, well‐being, diversity/equity/inclusion, and careers and hiring. These articles are based on a variety of research methods and data sources from multiple nations. Second, we identify additional important topics for OB/HR scholars who are interested in conducting research on entrepreneurship. They include a global perspective, the bright versus dark side of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship and STEM workers, and genetic and biological determinants. We conclude with a consideration of methodological and research design issues.
The distribution of intestinal flora after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children
Authors: Tong Lin , Meng Yan , Zhang Luying , Yu Jie , Dou Ying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis prospective study aimed to comprehensively understand the changes in intestinal flora at different stages after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in pediatric patients and to analyze the effect of intestinal flora on acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD), especially on gastrointestinal graft versus host disease (GI GVHD).MethodsA total of 32 children with primary diseases of primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) and thalassemia were included. 16S sequencing was used to characterize the microbiota layout at three time points peri‐transplant including pre‐transplant, Day +3, and Day +30.ResultsBy comparing the intestinal flora of children with GI GVHD and those without GI GVHD, it suggests that in children with GI GVHD, the distribution of intestinal flora after transplantation was more variable and more chaotic (chao1 index, Friedman test, p = .029). Besides, Veillonella and Ruminococcaceae were more abundant before transplantation, Bifidobacteriaceae and Bacillales were more abundant after transplantation. Comparing children with PID and thalassemia, it was found that the destruction of gut microbiota diversity was more significant in children with thalassemia after transplantation. The comparison of children with 0‐I° aGVHD and II‐III° aGVHD indicates that children with II‐III° aGVHD had more Bilophila before transplantation than children with 0‐I° aGVHD. Additionally, exploratory analyses to evaluate correlations between clinical characteristics (medications, immune cell recovery, etc.) and microbiome features were also performed.ConclusionsThis study has synthetically shown the distribution of intestinal flora after allo‐HSCT, and some characteristic bacteria at different stages that may serve as potential biomarkers were screened out additionally, perhaps providing clues for the prevention and treatment of the disease.
Spectral characteristics of the flavones and anthocyanins present in passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)
Authors: Silori Yogita , Chawla Sakshi , De Arijit Kumar , Shirke Rajendra P. , Grover Jagdeep , Ramasastry S. S. V. , Sathyamurthy Narayanasami 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRich in antioxidants with a variety of flavones and anthocyanins, passionflower/fruit has been extensively used in food, beverage, medicinal, and natural dyes industries. The individual components present in passionflower are identified by extracting them in methanol, partitioning them between ethyl acetate and aqueous layers, and recording their ESI mass spectrometric data. The steady‐state absorption and fluorescence spectra of the extract in methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide are recorded and the lifetime of the fluorescing species is reported. The pH dependence of the absorption spectrum confirms the presence of the anthocyanins.
Mechanical plaque removal in step‐1 of care
Authors: Van der Weijden G. A. (Fridus) , van Loveren Cor 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMaintaining a regular oral hygiene routine is essential for taking care of our mouths, ensuring healthy teeth, and achieving fresh breath. Patient education on oral hygiene is an important component of their overall treatment. Firstly, patients should be informed about the direct connection between bacteria in dental plaque and oral diseases. It is important for patients to understand that these conditions can be treated, but the success of treatment greatly depends on their level of oral hygiene. This journey begins by selecting the appropriate toothbrush and mastering the correct brushing technique to effectively remove dental plaque while avoiding any potential damage to the gums. In addition to toothbrushes, there are other devices available for comprehensive dental cleaning, such as floss, interdental sticks, interdental brushes, and oral irrigators. These aids are particularly beneficial for eliminating dental plaque from hard‐to‐reach areas. Moreover, tongue brushing or tongue scraping can effectively reduce breath odor and tongue coating. Currently, self‐care recommendations for dental implants are primarily based on existing knowledge regarding natural teeth cleaning. Evidence‐based recommendations are derived from comprehensive systematic evaluation of various oral hygiene aids.