bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a novel clinical tool for monitoring distal limb stiffness
Authors: Jacklin Benjamin D. , Hanousek Katherine , Gillespie Sabrina , Liedtke Anna , Tucker Rachel , Fiske-Jackson Andrew , Smith Roger K. 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo validate a novel technique to measure limb stiffness in a clinical setting.AnimalsThree horses and three ponies owned by the Royal Veterinary College.ProceduresLimb stiffness indices for both forelimbs were first derived using the gold standard of kinematic analysis. Using the same animals, limb stiffness indices were then calculated using portable floor scales to record weight and an electrogoniometer to record changes in metacarpophalangeal joint angle. The two techniques were then assessed for correlation and repeatability.ResultsThe repeatability of limb stiffness measurement using the novel clinical tool was considered to be good based on a small coefficient of variation (5.70%). The correlation of limb stiffness as derived by both methods was high (r = 0.78, p &lt; 0.01). Limb stiffness was positively correlated with the mass of the subject (r = 0.85, p &lt; 0.01), with heavier horses having greater limb stiffness.Clinical relevanceThis study has compared a novel method to measure distal forelimb stiffness non-invasively in a clinical setting to kinematic analysis in six equids. It has demonstrated that limb stiffness increases in a linear fashion with body mass consistent with the role of forelimbs providing energy storage. Because in vivo limb stiffness has been shown previously to alter with injury to the superficial digital flexor tendon, it is hypothesized that this technique will offer a practical technique for the clinician to assess limb stiffness in clinical cases. Further study will be necessary to determine its clinical usefulness in such cases.
Design and Implementation of a Cloud Based Decentralized Cryptocurrency Transaction Platform
Authors: Kommey Benjamin , Tchao Eric Tutu , Osae-Addo Emmanuel , Kofi Yeboah Asiedu Biney , Biney Derick 
Published: January 2024

Trading in the crypto-currency market has seen rapid growth and adoption, as well as the interest in crypto related technologies like blockchain and smart contracts. Smart contracts have gained popularity in building so called Decentralized Applications (dApps) and Decentralized Finance (DeFi) apps, mainly because they are more secure, trustworthy, and largely distributed (removes centralized control). DeFi applications run on the blockchain technology and are secured by blocks (nodes) connected by cryptographical hash links. DeFi applications have a great potential in the crypto-currency trading domain, providing more secure and reliable means of trading, and performing transactions with crypto-currencies. Only verified transactions are added to the blockchain after being approved by miners through a consensus mechanism and then it is replicated (distributed) among the nodes on the blockchain network. This research paper proposes a DeFi Crypto Exchange by integrating a numerous-signature stamp with a crypto API. A numerous-signature stamp solves the issue of transaction verifiability and authenticity. A crypto API provides the data about each crypto currency with which trades and transactions will be performed. This paper also discusses the technical background of the technology and a few related works. Decentralization of transactions through smart contracts on the blockchain will improve trust, security and reliability of transactions and trades.
Le droit chinois peut-il se comparer ?
Authors: Chaigne Christine 
Published: January 2024

Le « droit public » ou du moins les lois administratives sont prédominantes dans le paysage juridique chinois actuel. Le « droit public » comparé, en tant que discipline ou pratique, occupe une place plus récente mais bien vivante. Il faut toutefois entrer profondément dans la matière et comprendre la logique du discours officiel chinois pour saisir les limites de la comparaison. Le droit constitutionnel comparé, manié par de grands noms de la doctrine ou par le Parti-État, est utilisé en vue de la justification des systèmes politique et juridique de la République Populaire de Chine. Ce constat s’étend au droit administratif. S’il peut y avoir pour le Parti-État chinois une comparaison avec les lois étrangères, voire de larges emprunts (dans le domaine de la sécurité biologique par exemple), c’est sur des points techniques précis ou dans des domaines nouveaux, dont la maitrise est garante de la légitimité du système.
Comparaison, systèmes et modèles dans l’œuvre doctrinale de Jonas Meyer, pionnier du droit public comparé
Authors: Soleil Sylvain 
Published: January 2024

Les juristes ont longtemps confondu les concepts de système juridique et de modèle juridique. Pour les scientifiques, un système est une structuration des éléments singuliers et complexes de la réalité, des relations qui unissent ces divers éléments (combinaison, relations de causes à effets, cohérence, etc.) et des lois et des propriétés qui régissent ces relations. Un modèle est le produit d’une modélisation qui consiste à proposer une représentation de la réalité en choisissant, parmi ses traits d’identité (ou critères), les plus pertinents afin d’en faire un bon outil de compréhension, de réflexion et d’action.Cette clarification s’impose dès la fin du xixe siècle chez les mathématiciens, biologistes et physiciens, avant de s’imposer, au milieu du siècle suivant, parmi les économistes, les sociologues et les psychologues. Rien de tel en droit. Pour les juristes, jusqu’à l’extrême fin du xxe siècle, le substantif modèle renvoie toujours à l’imitation, tandis que le substantif système renvoie au concept de représentation simplifié de la réalité, bref à ce que tous les autres appellent un modèle. L’œuvre de Jonas Meyer, un comparatiste célèbre en son temps (1780-1834), permet de suivre l’histoire de ces deux concepts-clefs du droit comparé.
Behaviors of higher-order modes in I.H.P. SAW devices and discussion of their suppression
Authors: Nakagawa Ryo , Ozasa Motoki , Michigami Akira , Iwamoto Hideki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, behaviors of higher-order modes in an I.H.P. SAW device with a layered LiTaO3/SiO2/SiN/Si substrate are investigated, and techniques for their suppression are discussed. First, variation of the higher-order mode responses with structural parameters are analyzed using two-dimensional FEM. Then, on the basis of the calculated data, structural parameters are determined for higher-order modes suppression while retaining the main mode characteristics. In addition, the effectiveness of the optimized structure is confirmed using measured data from a fabricated one-port resonator and filters. In the measured data, it is shown that higher-order modes in a specific frequency range are successfully suppressed, while the main made characteristics, such as Bode-Q, bandwidth, and TCF, are almost equivalent to those of conventional I.H.P. SAW resonators and filters.
Acousto-thermal birefringence of iron(III) chloride using ultrasound flexural standing wave
Authors: Kuroda Yuma , Emoto Akira , Koyama Daisuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Small, thin devices that can realize high-speed light modulation are important in the imaging and sensing technology fields. In this paper, a combination of iron(III) chloride and ultrasound was proposed to modulate the spatial distribution of the iron(III) chloride layer’s refractive index. An ultrasound cell containing an iron(III) chloride layer and two ultrasound transducers was fabricated to investigate the variations in the refractive index under ultrasonication. The maximum change in the material’s birefringence was observed at the center of the cell, indicating that thermal generation caused by the ultrasound vibration induced this phenomenon.
High-speed photography of gas release from bioactive glass
Authors: Postema Michiel , Carlson Craig S. , Anderton Nicole , Xinyue Hu , Yamasaku Momoka , Petit Laeticia , Massera Jonathan , Kudo Nobuki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bioactive glass has been of interest for applications in bone regeneration. Floating bioactive glass particles were observed to sink in ultrasound. The purpose of this study was to qualify and quantify bubble formation from floating bioactive glass particles. Water droplets containing borosilicate glass 13-93B20 particles, where 20% of the SiO2 was replaced with B2O3, of dimensions <38 μm were subjected to pulsed ultrasound, whilst being video-recorded at high speed. Measured radial expansions >20 μm corresponded to cavitation nuclei of initial radius 0.6 μm. This study provides experimental evidence that gas trapped inside bioactive glass may be released using high-amplitude ultrasound pulses.
The making of a feminist urban space and commons: the case of Montevideo’s Plaza las Pioneras
Authors: Levy Charmain 
Published: January 2024

Inaugurated in March 2020 in Montevideo (Uruguay), the Plaza las Pioneras is a new minimalist public space in tribute of Uruguay’s feminists or “pioneers”. It is both a city managed public square and an adjacent building given by the city to an assembly of six feminist collectives to administrate and use for the common good. It a rare example of an urban feminist space and commons. This article argues that conditions specific to the political, social and temporal context in Montevideo led to the creation of the Plaza. The goal of this article is to analyse process around the creation and development of the Plaza as well as the actors involved, their role, dynamics and intentions. It also aims at using this case study to enhance the concept of feminist urban commons. This article is based on documentary research, 13 interviews and participatory observation that took place in November 2022 in Montevideo. It finds that the context specific conditions in which it emerged as well as the process led to its feminist nature and goals. This also shaped how it is used by feminist collectives to advance their own goals. This case study is important to understanding the production process of feminist urban spaces and commons, their contribution to the feminist movement and to a feminist city. It implies that leadership at the municipal level is key, as are horizontal partnerships between government and the feminist movement.
Areas of Study on Flexibility Housing for Sustainability: Bibliometric Analysis of Cross-regional Trends
Authors: Tiantian Mu , Nordin Jestin , Aziz Nor Fadzila , Zhu Guangyu , Yang Xu 
Published: January 2024

Urbanization has led to an uneven distribution of adequate, safe, and affordable housing as the global population converges on cities. Many cities are faced with significant housing price disparities. Housing flexibility can reduce the cost of housing and meet the human need for comfort, health, safety, and a sense of community in housing, in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals and Principles. As a result, experts and academics in the architectural design field are increasingly focusing their interest on this matter. This paper offers a bibliometric analysis of all Scopus database publications pertaining to housing flexibility from 2010 to 2021 and energy efficiency characterization. The status of research on housing flexibility in sustainability research is further discussed. The study uncovers yearly research publications, average citation rates, locally cited literature, prominent information sources, corresponding author countries, domestic scientific output, and a global representation of international collaborations. Overall, this research offers an in-depth description of the subjects and methodologies within the most frequently cited articles.

Received: 1 September 2023 / Accepted: 20 December 2023 / Published: 5 January 2024
Willingness to Keep or to Give Up the Social Media for a Certain Monetary Compensation
Authors: Cagáňová Dagmar , Horňáková Natália , Galovská Marcela , Hruška Roman 
Published: January 2024

Millions of people around the world use social media every day for various reasons, whether it is sharing information, self-presentation, filling free time, or communicating with friends. The use of social networks brings with it advantages, but also risks associated with information overload, loss of privacy, as well as fraud or criminal acts. Mostly young people are connected to social networks almost constantly and find it more difficult to give up using social networks compared to older age groups. The aim of the present paper is to find out the willingness of social network users to give up social network such as Facebook and Instagram for certain monetary compensation. The necessary data were collected based on a questionnaire survey within 4 months. A total of 2 095 responses were collected. The static methods Chi-Square test of independence, logistic regression and the statistical program SAS Enterprise Guide were used to evaluate the results of the questionnaire survey. Analysis of Maximum Likelihood Estimates was tested for five predictors: Age, Gender, Income, Activity on the social network, Number of subscribers on the social network, especially for the social network Facebook and Instagram. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, it can be concluded that Facebook users (in all age groups and regardless of gender) demand a higher average monthly financial compensation for giving up the social network compared to Instagram users. The same conclusion follows when categorizing respondents into age categories. Regarding gender, women demand lower monetary compensation than men in relation to both social networks. There was a significant difference in the Activity predictor, where active users asked for a higher amount of money for the Instagram social network and, conversely, inactive users asked for a higher average monthly payment for the Facebook social network.

Received: 25 July 2023 / Accepted: 20 November 2023 / Published: 5 January 2024
Determinants of Research Engagement: A Sociodemographic Analysis of First-Year University Students in Peru's Northern Macroregion
Authors: Arbulú Ballesteros Marco Agustín , Montes Ninaquispe Jose Carlos , García Francisco Segundo Mogollón , Acosta Enriquez Benicio Gonzalo , Ramos-Farroñán Emma Verónica , Castillo Julie Catherine Arbulu , Guzmán Valle María de los Ángeles , Jordan Olger Huamani 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to assess the views of first-year university students in the northern macroregion of Peru on scientific research and to identify the ways in which these perspectives are influenced by demographic elements and specific dimensions related to research. For this purpose, a technique based on the sociodemographic study of data from 384 university students was used. Participants completed questionnaires designed to gauge their views on research in various aspects, such as writing scientific papers, being involved in research and being involved in initiatives undertaken by universities to promote research. Trends and correlations among variables were statistically significant. Positive attitudes toward research were more prevalent among women, students from private universities, and those under 30 years old. However, the research acts and parameters of universities were viewed with greater skepticism and ambivalence. It is necessary to adopt specific educational measures to foster a strong research culture, as student attitudes toward research are influenced by a mix of sociodemographic characteristics and academic experiences.

Received: 11 November 2023 / Accepted: 24 December 2023 / Published: 5 January 2024
Analysing Educational Management: A Comprehensive Statistical Examination of School Practices
Authors: Khennou Khaoula , Touri Bouzekri , Baba Hind , Kasmi Aziz 
Published: January 2024

The managerial aspects of education are the backbone on which an entire educational system rests. They are the glue that holds many aspects of education together. Our article aims for objectivity and above all adds value to the acquisition of knowledge in the field of educational institution management through a quantitative methodology, based on a non-experimental correlational study. A sample of 96 principals from qualifying secondary schools (high school) in the Casablanca-Settat region of Morocco were surveyed, and were asked to complete a questionnaire. The results were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 29 software. The results showed that the managerial aspect of school climate correlated significantly with the aspect of pedagogical innovation (23.3%), as well as with the aspect of adaptation to change (23.1%). In addition, there was a significant correlation between pedagogical innovation and ongoing training (30%), as well as with adaptation to change (36%). Continuing education, for its part, was 21% significant in relation to adaptation to change. These results make a valuable contribution to our understanding of school management, and underline the need to pay particular attention to these aspects in order to promote educational excellence.

Received: 8 November 2023 / Accepted: 24 December 2023 / Published: 5 January 2024
Some Language Problems in the Spelling of Primary School Students
Authors: Morina Bytytçi Shyhrete , Kastrati Nexhmije 
Published: January 2024

This paper addresses language problems among primary school students, particularly focusing on spelling. The research encompasses a broad spectrum of linguistic aspects, including the pronunciation of phonemes and morphemes, the utilization of grammatical forms, as well as spelling and language use. A thorough study was conducted in two primary schools involving fourth and fifth-grade students, to identify language delays, particularly in spelling and pronunciation. The comparison between these schools indicates more frequent delays in the linguistic skills of students at this age. The rules governing spelling and pronunciation play a crucial role in enhancing the linguistic culture of students. Nevertheless, the primary influence on a student’s language originates from their family and cultural background, expanding and evolving further through social interactions and the educational process. The paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of students’ language, encompassing oral expression, various tasks, literary works, phonetics, and grammar. It emphasizes that linguistic mistakes made by students in their family environment can persist and impact their primary education. The discussion also delves into possibilities for avoiding these language mistakes.

Received: 8 September 2023 / Accepted: 24 December 2023 / Published: 5 January 2024
Analysis of Language Structure and Its Implications in Modern Linguistics: A Study of the Understanding and Application of Structural Linguistic Concepts
Authors: Juanda Juanda 
Published: January 2024

Structural linguistics is a branch of linguistics which analyzes language from a structural point of view. It focuses on how language is formed and constructed, and how language can be understood structurally. This study analyzes the structure of language and its implications in modern linguistics, examines the understanding and application of structural linguistic concepts, and identifies how these concepts can be used to understand and analyze language. Saussure developed a theory about language as an organized symbolic system. He emphasized that language is a system consisting of components that are interrelated with one another. After Saussure, several other linguists also developed the concept of structural linguistics. Structural Linguistics has developed into one of the most important branches of linguistics. The contributions of Structural Linguistics have had a major impact on various fields. By analyzing the structure of language, linguists can understand how language develops and how language interacts culturally and socially. This has helped teachers, translators and linguists in developing languages and improving the quality of language teaching, translation and analysis. The application of Structural Linguistics has helped linguists a lot in understanding how language develops and changes. This theory has helped linguists to understand how language is influenced by social and cultural contexts, and how language is used to express meaning in different language contexts.

Received: 8 September 2023 / Accepted: 27 December 2023 / Published: 5 January 2024
<b>Nuevos horizontes para las Pymes de la Ciudad de Cúcuta: Comercio Electrónico como motor de innovación y competitividad</b>
Authors: Riaño Solano Miller , Rodríguez Romero Rosa Elena , Celis Moreno Edwin Alberto 
Published: January 2024

El presente estudio de investigación se fundamentó en el análisis sistemático de la implementación del comercio electrónico y el nivel de innovación y competitividad en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes), las cuales, según el DANE (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística) suman 1.449, con un total de 69 unidades productivas. A través de una metodología correlacional, se buscó establecer vínculos concretos entre la adopción del comercio electrónico (variable independiente) y el desarrollo de habilidades innovadoras y competitivas en estas pymes (variable dependiente). Este estudio seleccionó como población objetivo todas las pymes ubicadas en el Barrio El Bosque de la Ciudad de Cúcuta. Para asegurar una muestra representativa, se empleó un método de muestreo aleatorio estratificado, dividiendo las pymes en estratos según su tipo de industria y tamaño. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren una correlación positiva entre la adopción efectiva del comercio electrónico y el fortalecimiento de la innovación y la competitividad en el tejido empresarial de la ciudad.
Abstract
The present research study was based on the systematic analysis of the implementation of e-commerce and the level of innovation and competitiveness in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which, according to the DANE (National Administrative Department of Statistics) total 1,449, with a total of 69 productive units. Through a correlational methodology, the study aimed to establish concrete links between the adoption of e-commerce (independent variable) and the development of innovative and competitive skills in these SMEs (dependent variable). The study's target population consisted of all SMEs located in El Bosque neighborhood, Cúcuta. To ensure a representative sample, a stratified random sampling method was employed, dividing the SMEs into strata based on their industry type and size. The findings suggest a positive correlation between effective adoption of e-commerce and the strengthening of innovation and competitiveness in the local business fabric.