bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benchmarking YOLO Variants for Enhanced Blood Cell Detection
Authors: Mehta Pooja , Vaghela Rohan , Pansuriya Nensi , Sarda Jigar , Bhatt Nirav , Bhoi Akash Kumar , Srinivasu Parvathaneni Naga 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBlood cell detection provides a significant amount of information about a person's health, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of various medical conditions. Red blood cells (RBCs) carry oxygen, white blood cells (WBCs) play a role in immune defence, and platelets contribute to blood clotting. Changes in the composition of these cells can signal various physiological and pathological conditions, which makes accurate blood cell detection essential for effective medical diagnosis. In this study, we apply convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a subset of deep learning (DL) techniques, to automate blood cell detection. Specifically, we compare the performance of multiple variants of the You Only Look Once (YOLO) model, including YOLO v5, YOLO v7, YOLO v8 (in medium, small and nano configurations), YOLO v9c and YOLO v10 (in medium, small and nano configurations), for the task of detecting RBCs, WBCs and platelets. The results show that YOLO v5 achieved the highest mean average precision (mAP50) of 93.5%, with YOLO v10 variants also performing competitively. YOLO v10m achieved the highest precision for RBC detection at 85.1%, while YOLO v10n achieved 98.6% precision for WBC detection. YOLO v5 demonstrated the highest precision for platelets at 88.8%. Overall, YOLO models provided high accuracy and precision in detecting blood cells, making them suitable for medical image analysis. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that the YOLO model family, especially YOLO v5, holds significant potential for advancing automated blood cell detection. These findings can help improve diagnostic accuracy and contribute to more efficient clinical workflows.
The up‐regulation of RIPK3 mediated by ac4C modification promotes oxidative stress‐induced granulosa cell senescence by inhibiting the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway
Authors: Zhang Wanjun , Zhang Jiahao , Zhang Yile , Zhai Jun , Sun Bo , Guo Yihong , Wang Fang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAbnormality of granulosa cells (GCs) is the critical cause of follicular atresia in premature ovarian failure (POF). RIPK3 is highly expressed in GCs derived from atretic follicles. We focus on uncovering how RIPK3 contributes to ovarian GC senescence. Primary GCs were treated with H₂O₂ to induce senescence. ROS was detected via DCFH‐DA staining. Levels of senescence‐related molecules and SA‐β‐Gal activity were examined. Cyclophosphamide was administered to mice to induce POF. The impact of RIPK3 on atretic follicles and sex hormones was evaluated through HE staining and ELISA, respectively. The acRIP‐qPCR analysis of RIPK3 ac4C levels, RIP detection for interaction between RIPK3 and NAT10, and actinomycin D treatment to detect RIPK3 degradation were conducted. In H2O2‐treated GCs and POF mouse ovaries, levels of RIPK3, ROS, senescence‐related molecules, as well as SA‐β‐Gal activity, were all up‐regulated, and this effect was suppressed by RIPK3 inhibition. RIPK3 interference reduced atretic follicles and FSH levels while increasing AMH and E2 levels. Nrf2 and HO‐1 content were diminished in the models, whereas si‐RIPK3 facilitated their expression. The effect of si‐RIPK3 on decreased levels of ROS and senescence‐related molecules was reversed by ML385. H2O2 decreased RIPK3 mRNA degradation and increased its ac4C modification. The ac4C modifying enzyme NAT10 was up‐regulated in the models, and NAT10 enhanced RIPK3 mRNA stability through ac4C modification. NAT10 knockdown mitigated ovarian GC senescence by inhibiting RIPK3 expression. The promotion of RIPK3 mRNA stability through ac4C modification by NAT10, in turn, affects the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway and promotes ovarian GC senescence.
Sleep Duration and Quality in Adolescents: Associations With Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Lemke Theresa , Hökby Sebastian , Carli Vladimir , Hadlaczky Gergö 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionInadequate sleep duration and sleep‐related problems are highly prevalent among adolescents and pose a significant health risk during a critical development stage. This study seeks to explore associations between sleep and suicidal ideation among adolescents.MethodsCross‐sectional questionnaire data from the baseline wave (2016‐2018) of a cohort of 12‐ to 16‐year‐old Swedish adolescents (n = 4433, 50.39% girls) were analyzed. A split‐sample approach was used for exploratory analyses and model selection. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between suicidal ideation and self‐reported sleep parameters (weekday sleep duration, sleep quality), both adjusted and unadjusted for depression.ResultsAdolescents with suicidal ideation slept on average 60 min less on weekdays and reported worse sleep quality compared to those without suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was significantly associated with weekday sleep duration (p = 0.0267) and self‐perceived sleep quality (p = 0.0003). Associations remained after controlling for depression.ConclusionsSleep problems in adolescents are associated with suicidal ideation, beyond the effect of depression. Findings may have implications for screening and suicide prevention among clinical populations of adolescents, as well as for public health interventions aimed at promoting sleep and mental health in adolescents.
Qcforever2: Advanced Automation of Quantum Chemistry Computations
Authors: Sumita Masato , Terayama Kei , Ishida Shoichi , Suga Kensuke , Saito Shohei , Tsuda Koji 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTQCforever is a wrapper designed to automatically and simultaneously calculate various physical quantities using quantum chemical (QC) calculation software for blackbox optimization in chemical space. We have updated it to QCforever2 to search the conformation and optimize density functional parameters for a more accurate and reliable evaluation of an input molecule. In blackbox optimization, QCforever2 can work as compactly arranged surrogate models for costly chemical experiments. QCforever2 is the future of QC calculations and would be a good companion for chemical laboratories, providing more reliable search and exploitation in the chemical space.
Descriptive Epidemiology and Prognostic Significance of Diaphragm Thickness in the General Population: The Nagahama Study
Authors: Tabara Yasuharu , Matsumoto Takeshi , Murase Kimihiko , Kawaguchi Takahisa , Setoh Kazuya , Wakamura Tomoko , Hirai Toyohiro , Chin Kazuo , Matsuda Fumihiko 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDiaphragm thickness is a potential marker of sarcopenia in addition to muscle mass and strength at extremities. We aimed to clarify the descriptive epidemiology and prognostic significance of diaphragm thickness in the general population.MethodsThe study participants were 3324 community residents (mean age: 61.4 ± 12.8 years) who participated in a longitudinal cohort study. Clinical parameters were obtained during the follow‐up survey of the study population. Diaphragm thickness was measured from B‐mode ultrasound images obtained in a supine position. Clinical and physical factors independently associated with diaphragm thickness were assessed by a linear regression model and a causal mediation analysis. All‐cause mortality was determined by reviewing residential registry records. Prognostic significance of diaphragm thickness for all‐cause mortality was examined using a Cox proportional hazard model analysis.ResultsDiaphragm thickness was greater in men than women (end‐expiration, β = 0.161, p < 0.001; end‐inspiration, β = 0.156, p < 0.001) and associated with waist circumference (end‐expiration, β = 0.259, p < 0.001; end‐inspiration, β = 0.128, p < 0.001). Handgrip strength, smoking habit, insulin resistance and exercise habit were not associated with diaphragm thickness. Skeletal muscle mass index showed apparent association with diaphragm thickness, though this association was not observed after adjusting for waist circumference. Over a mean follow‐up of 1686 days (15 358 person‐years), there were 56 cases of all‐cause mortality. Weak handgrip strength (hazard ratio = 0.95, p = 0.044) and low forced vital capacity (hazard ratio = 0.57, p = 0.045) were associated with all‐cause mortality, though none of the diaphragm thickness parameters showed a significant association (thickness at end‐expiration, p = 0.722; thickness at end‐inspiration, p = 0.277; thickening fraction, p = 0.219).ConclusionsWaist circumference but not parameters of sarcopenia was independently associated with diaphragm thickness. Diaphragm thickness was not associated with all‐cause mortality. Diaphragm thickness may not be a marker of systemic sarcopenia.
Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals 17β‐Estradiol Treatment Represses Ubiquitin‐Proteasomal Mediators in Skeletal Muscle of Ovariectomized Mice
Authors: Kararigas Georgios , Ebeling Mara C. , Le Gengyun , Lai Shaojuan , Cui Chunmei , Cui Qinghua , Lowe Dawn A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundWith a decline of 17β‐estradiol (E2) at menopause, E2 has been implicated in the accompanied loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. We aimed at characterizing transcriptomic responses of skeletal muscle to E2 in female mice, testing the hypothesis that genes and pathways related to contraction and maintenance of mass are differentially expressed in ovariectomized mice with and without E2 treatment.MethodsSoleus and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles from C57BL/6 ovariectomized mice treated with placebo (OVX) or E2 (OVX + E2) for 60 days, or from skeletal muscle‐specific ERα knockout (skmERαKO) mice and wild‐type littermates (skmERαWT), were used for genome‐wide expression profiling, quantitative real‐time PCR and immunoblotting. Computational detection of estrogen response elements (EREs) was performed with EREFINDER.ResultsWe found 155 significantly regulated probe sets in response to E2 (p ≤ 0.001). Pathway analyses identified proteasome and ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis as two downregulated pathways in the E2 group. We confirmed downregulation (p ≤ 0.05) in levels of Fbxw7, Psmb6, Ube2h and Ubxn1, as well as pro‐apoptotic Bnip3 and inflammatory factor Nfkbia. Computational analysis identified ERE in the promoter regions of Psmb6, Ube2h, Bnip3 and Nfkbia. The overall content of ubiquitinated proteins was modestly but significantly lower in TA muscles from OVX + E2 vs. OVX mice (p = 0.039). There were no differences between skmERαKO and skmERαWT mice or between skmERαKO/OVX and skmERαKO/OVX + E2 mice for any genes assessed, indicating that ERα is required for E2 regulation of those genes.ConclusionsThese results suggest that a mechanism whereby E2 protects against losses of skeletal muscle mass and strength is regulation of ubiquitin‐proteasomal mediators.
Ultrasound‐Based Local Lung Motion Assessment Using Synthetic Lateral Phase
Authors: Fung Christopher M. , Rubin Jonathan M. , Gao Jing , Hamilton James D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundUltrasound lung surface motion measurement is valuable for the evaluation of a variety of diseases. Speckle tracking or Doppler‐based techniques are limited by the loss of visualization as a tracked point moves under ribs or is dependent.MethodsWe developed a synthetic lateral phase‐based algorithm for tracking lung motion to overcome these limitations. To validate the technique, we generated simulated lung motion images. We also obtained lung ultrasound cines from a healthy volunteer and a mechanically ventilated COVID‐19 patient. In the healthy volunteer, the respiratory pattern varied between breath‐hold, regular, and rapid shallow breathing.ResultsThe measured displacement was within 3% of the ground truth for simulated cines. In both the healthy volunteer and COVID‐19 patients, measured displacement was greatest in the lower and lateral zones of the lung when the ipsilateral side was compared. In the healthy volunteer, when the respiratory pattern was varied, measured displacement was greater in regular breathing compared to rapid shallow breathing and compared to breath‐hold patterns in both the upper and lower lung zones.ConclusionEstimation of lung surface displacement using a synthetic lateral phase‐based approach is feasible. Future human studies should validate this approach against a direct measurement of lung surface movement.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Varicella‐Zoster Virus‐Associated Central Nervous System Infections: A Nationwide Swedish Retrospective Case‐Control Study
Authors: Tyrberg Tobias , Hagberg Lars , Nilsson Staffan , Grahn Anna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe determinants of varicella‐zoster virus (VZV)‐associated central nervous system (CNS) infection have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors, including immunosuppression, for different manifestations of VZV‐associated CNS infection. Patient registers were used to include adults diagnosed with VZV‐associated CNS infections between 2010 and 2019 in Sweden. Nationwide registers covering specialized care, and regional registers covering primary care, were used. Controls without a VZV diagnosis during the study period were matched by age and sex. Risk factors were calculated using multivariable logistic regression. A total of 1488 adult cases with VZV‐associated CNS infection were identified, yielding an incidence of 1.92/100 000 person‐years, which increased over the study period. Meningitis was the most frequent (45%), followed by encephalitis (38%), and Ramsay Hunt syndrome (17%). The highest incidence was observed in individuals over 70 years of age (4.15/100 000 person‐years), in whom encephalitis was most common. Statistically significant risk factors for VZV‐associated CNS infection were HIV, hematological cancer, treatment with specific immunosuppressants or glucocorticoids, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, solid cancer, stroke, and congestive heart failure. Encephalitis was associated with older age, more immunosuppressive conditions, and more comorbidities than other manifestations. In conclusion, VZV is a common cause of adult viral CNS infection, for which elderly individuals with immunosuppressive or comorbid conditions are at the highest risk. The strongest risk factors found were HIV, hematological cancer, and treatment with specific immunosuppressants or high‐dose glucocorticoids.
Interleukin‐12/23 and Interleukin‐23 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cutaneous Crohn's Disease: A Case Series From a Multi‐Institutional Registry
Authors: McKay G. E. , Coromilas A. , Liu L. , Shaw K. S. , Murphy M. , Punyamurthy N. , Soltero K. M. Santiago , Damsky W. , Wanat K. A. , Charrow A. P. , Rosenbach M. , Caplan A. , LaSenna C. E. , Arkin L. , Shields B. E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCutaneous Crohn's disease (CCD) is a granulomatous condition of the skin discontiguous from the gastrointestinal tract. Cutaneous disease rarely correlates with intestinal disease and often requires separate treatment. While the use of interleukin‐12/23 (IL‐12/IL‐23) and interleukin‐23 (IL‐23) inhibitors is FDA‐approved for intestinal Crohn's disease (CD), there is limited data for CCD. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features of 24 cases of CCD treated with risankizumab as monotherapy, ustekinumab as monotherapy, or ustekinumab in combination with vedolizumab from seven academic institutions across the United States.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of IL‐12/23 or IL‐23 inhibitor therapy on CCD independent of intestinal disease.MethodsPatients were identified by retrospective review of the electronic health record including histopathologic diagnosis consistent with CCD. At least one visit with a dermatologist between 2000 and 2020 was required. Chart review collected demographic, clinical and histologic data.ResultsWe identified 24 adult and paediatric patients with CCD treated with IL‐12/IL‐23 inhibitor therapy. Most patients were White (21/24, 88%), female (20/24, 83%), had intestinal CD (19/24, 79%), were diagnosed with intestinal CD before CCD diagnosis (18/24, 75%), and were on biologic therapy before CCD diagnosis (16/24, 67%). Most patients failed to respond to treatment with anti‐tumour necrosis alpha (anti‐TNF) therapy before IL‐12/IL‐23 inhibitor therapy (22/24, 92%). Of the 24 patients treated with ustekinumab, less than half (7/24, 29%) were simultaneously treated with vedolizumab. Four adult patients (4/24, 17%) were treated with risankizumab monotherapy. At the date of the last follow‐up with a dermatologist, over a third (8/24, 33%) of patients' skin was reported as complete clearance by physician note.ConclusionsWe propose that IL‐12/IL‐23 and IL‐23 inhibitor therapy be considered as therapy for the treatment of TNF‐blockade refractory CCD.
Systematic Review of Granulomatous Invasive Fungal Sinusitis Management
Authors: Baqays Abdulsalam , Almutawa Sarah , Alsabti Razan , Alsughayer Luluh , Campbell Sandra , Almaflehi Nassr , Albaharana Hussain , Alsaleh Saad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesGranulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis (GIFS) affects immunocompetent individuals. There is ongoing debate over whether surgery, antifungal medication, or a combined approach is the best treatment. This article summarizes reports about GIFS and its management.MethodsEight search engines, gray literature, and review articles were searched. Two independent reviewer groups screened the eligibility of articles. An independent reviewer solved disagreements. Exclusion criteria included non‐English language reports, papers with unavailable full‐texts, reviews, publications before 1980, and studies lacking information about GIFS management.ResultsOf the 279 identified articles, 41 studies were included (n = 89 patients). Sinonasal GIFS with skull‐base/intracranial extension was associated with an increase in mortality (p = 0.002, OR = 14.083; 95% CI = 1.753–113.157). Treatment was associated with an 87.2% remission rate (p < 0.001, OR = 7.818; 95% CI = 4.502–13.576); a combined medical and surgical approach had a 74.2% recovery rate. Of surgical interventions, the highest recovery rates were associated with endoscopic debulking (52.5%), extensive surgical debulking (32.5%), and open sinonasal approach (15%, p = 0.132). The utilization of voriconazole was associated with higher recovery rates, but this was not significant (76.9 vs. 56%, p = 0.548).ConclusionSinonasal GIFS with skull‐base/intracranial extension is associated with higher mortality rates. The superiority of the endoscopic debulking and voriconazole protocol in managing these cases warrants further investigation.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.
Early Severe Cortical Involvement and Novel FUCA1 Mutations in a Pediatric Fucosidosis Case
Authors: de la Peña Mar Jiménez , López‐Martín Sara , Fernández‐Mayoralas Daniel Martín , Fernández‐Perrone Ana Laura , Jiménez de Domingo Ana , Tirado Pilar , Calleja‐Pérez Beatriz , Álvarez Sara , Albert Jacobo , Fernández‐Jaén Alberto 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundBiallelic pathogenic variants in the FUCA1 gene are associated with fucosidosis. This report describes a 4‐year‐old boy presenting with psychomotor regression, spasticity, and dystonic postures.Methods and ResultsTrio‐based whole exome sequencing revealed two previously unreported loss‐of‐function variants in the FUCA1 gene. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings included corpus callosum hypoplasia, white matter hypomyelination, and alterations in the globus pallidi, alongside markedly reduced cortical thickness.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that cortical atrophy may occur in the early stages of fucosidosis. Early diagnosis is imperative for genetic counseling, timely investigations, and initiating early therapeutic interventions to potentially mitigate more extensive brain involvement.
Ephrin A1 ligand‐based CAR‐T cells for immunotherapy of EphA2‐positive cancer
Authors: Liu Nan , Wei Wenwen , Ren Kexing , Liang Dandan , Yang Dong , Zhang Weishan , Yang Beibei , Sun Bin , Zhao Jincheng , Cao Dan , Zou Liqun , Zhao Xudong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have demonstrated promising results in hematological malignancies; however, challenges remain in treating solid tumors. New CARs with more effectiveness and lower side effects are needed. Ephrin type‐A receptor 2 (EphA2) belongs to the Ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which is overexpressed in several solid malignancies. Compared with some single‐chain variable fragment (ScFv) CARs that exhibit excessively high affinity for their targets, natural receptor/ligand‐based CARs maintain inherent affinity for their binding partners, potentially balancing cytotoxicity and side effects to better meet clinical needs. Here, we designed a CAR targeting EphA2‐positive cancer cells by exploiting the extracellular domain of its natural ligand Ephrin A1 (EFNA1). EFNA1 CAR‐T cells exhibited specific cytotoxicity against various cancer cells and cancer stem‐like cells in vitro, and significantly suppressed tumor growth in a pancreatic cancer xenograft mouse model. Moreover, although these CAR‐T cells specifically targeted mouse EphA2 and killed mouse tumor cell lines in vitro, they did not induce obvious side effects in mice. Additionally, it also showed good safety in rhesus macaques. Collectively, these results validate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of EFNA1 CAR‐T cells for treating solid tumors.
A Comparative Study of Risk Factors for Falls in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients and Community‐Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Chen Serena Kuangyi , Voaklander Don , Jhangri Gian S. , Jones C. Allyson 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesFalls in older adults are a public health concern, yet little is known about falls in adults with hip or knee total joint arthroplasty (TJA) who may be at a higher risk than the general population. The study objectives were to compare the number of fallers and fear of falling in TJA patients to age and sex matched community controls, and determine whether the type of risk factors for falls reported in TJA differed from the community group.MethodsA cross sectional comparative study was conducted with patients waiting or recovering from TJA and age and sex matched comparison group of older adults residing in the community. Reported falls and risk factors for falling were compared to age and sex matched controls from the community. Fear of falling was measured using the Activities‐specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale. Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors associated with falls in TJA and community participants.ResultsOf the 198 TJA participants, 29% (n = 57) reported falls within the past 12 months compared to 24% (n = 24) of 100 participants in the control group (p = 0.36). Of those who fell, 25 (44%) were recurrent fallers in the TJA cohort compared with 6 (25%) in the community cohort. Eleven participants reported falls after TJA surgery. Fear of falling was greater in the TJA group (ABC score, mean ± SD: 67.1 ± 24.4) than in the community group (88.1 ± 14.9) (p < 0.001).ConclusionAlthough the number of participants who reported falls was comparable in both groups, the TJA group had more recurrent falls, different risk factors for falls, and more fear of falling. Fall prevention programs should be embedded in pre‐operative programs for patients undergoing surgery for TJA.