bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aplikasi Metodologi Yusuf Al-Qardhawi Dalam Interpretasi Hadis Laknat Bagi Peziarah Wanita
Authors: Insan Labib Muhammad Alfreda Daib , Nurhaedi Dadi 
Published: February 2025

This research discusses about interpretation of hadith which explains that women who make grave pilgrimages will be cursed by Allah or Rasulullah. In this research, the methodology used is the methodology of interpreting Hadith of Yusuf al-Qardhawi. The research methodology used is descriptive-analysis, namely carrying out a description of the data collected, then carrying out an in-depth analysis to achieve the research objectives. Among the discussions in this research are, 1). Presentation of data regarding hadith and al-Jarḥ wa al-Ta'dīl hadith transmitter that will be examined. 2). Takhrīj hadith Curse for female pilgrims in kutub al-tis’ah. 3). Interpretation of the cursed hadith for female pilgrims using Yusuf al-Qardhawi's meaning methodology. This research concludes that 1). The main hadith used is the cursed hadith for female pilgrims narrated by Abu Hurairah. This hadith has saḥīḥ qualities. The reason is, all of the hadith transmitters have al-Jarḥ wa al-Ta'dīl good status and does not affect about hadith quality. 2). There are 15 same hadiths and seven similar hadiths. Among the seven hadiths, four allow grave pilgrimage for women, and the remaining three prohibit it. 3). Based on the interpretation of the hadith through Yusuf al-Qardawi's methodology, it is mentioned that women pilgrims who will be cursed by God are women who make pilgrimages very often and excessively.
Relevansi Semiotika Dan Uṣhūl Fiqh: Telaah Atas Hadis-Hadis Aḥkām
Authors: Basayif Muhammad Syamil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The integration of semiotics as a modern analytical tool into the classical Islamic sciences is often limited to the discourse of ‘ulūm al-Qur'ān and ’ulūm al-hadīs. The themes discussed are only dominated by ethical discussions. However, uṣhūl fiqh plays an important role in analysing naṣ that relate to the jurisprudential-practical dimension. This article is a literature review that seeks to explore the relevance between Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics and classical uṣhūl fiqh theory. The focus is on examining hadīths that contain legal-formal laws (hadīś ahkām). The question in this study is how the relevance between the two and how semiotics is implemented as a basis for the production of fiqh law (istinbāt al-ahkām). The main argument is that contemporary scientific paradigms do not necessarily contradict classical Islamic knowledge. However, differences in terminology and function are often considered as a gap between the two poles. The relevance of both appears especially in the concept of sign systems. This can be seen in how the uṣhūlīs assign new sign systems such as amr meaning obligatory and nahy meaning forbidden to naṣṣ. Integrating semiotics into uṣhūl fiqh will provide a new nuance in the treasury of Islamic knowledge.
Keywords: Ferdinand de Saussure semiotics, Uṣhūl Fiqh, hadith ahkām.

Abstrak
Usaha mengintegrasikan semiotika sebagai pisau analisis modern ke dalam khazanah ilmu keislaman klasik kerap kali hanya berkutat pada diskursus ‘ulūm al-Qur’ān dan ‘ulūm al-hadīs. Tema yang dibicarakan pun hanya didominasi diskusi tataran dalam etis. Padahal selain keduanya, terdapat pula uṣhūl fiqh yang berperan penting dalam menganalisa naṣṣ yang berkaitan dengan dimensi yurisprudis–praksis. Artikel ini adalah kajian pustaka yang berusaha menelusuri relevansi antara semiotika Ferdinand de Saussure dengan teori uṣhūl fiqh klasik. Fokusnya adalah meneliti hadis-hadis yang bermuatan hukum legal-formal (hadīś ahkām). Pertanyaan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana relevansi antara keduanya dan bagaimana semiotika diimplementasikan sebagai basis produksi hukum fikih (istinbāt al-ahkām). Argumen utamanya adalah bahwa tidak selamanya paradigma keilmuan kontemporer bertentangan dengan khazanah ilmu keislaman klasik. Hanya saja, perbedaan terminologi dan fungsi kerap kali dianggap sebagai jurang pemisah antara dua kutub tersebut. Relevansi keduanya nampak terutama dalam konsep sistem tanda. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari bagaimana para uṣhūlī memberikan sistem tanda baru seperti amr bermakna wajib dan nahy bermakna haram ke dalam naṣṣ. Mengintegrasikan semiotika ke dalam uṣhūl fiqh akan memberikan nuansa baru dalam khazanah ilmu Keislaman.
Water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions in 186 healthcare facilities of the Catholic Church
Authors: Vinciguerra Tebaldo , Denny Lindsay , Hilton Stephen P. , Kangela François 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
United Nations reports have described the alarming situation of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions in healthcare facilities (HCFs) in low- and middle-income countries. This article presents the findings of a survey conducted in 186 HCFs belonging to the Catholic Church mainly situated in low-income areas. This study sought to determine whether there were gaps in WASH services in a group of Catholic HCFs and to ascertain the distribution of these gaps between and within facilities. Data were collected via interview and self-assessment, using a survey based on WHO/UNICEF global monitoring indicators for WASH in HCFs, including water, sanitation, hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, and waste management. All 186 HCFs were deficient in at least one WASH service indicator, and 35% of the HCFs did not meet any of the five indicators. Moreover, this research suggests that having a maintenance plan duly implemented and including WASH in budgeting are good predictors of above average WASH conditions. Future research is needed to comprehensively determine the status of WASH in Catholic HCFs, as well as to understand how best to improve WASH in non-governmental HCFs.
Removal capacities of wastewater treatment plants to minimize spread of enteroviruses
Authors: Ozgur Cansu , Icgen Bulent 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

The enteroviruses such as Adenovirus, Enterovirus, Hepatitis A virus, Norovirus, and Rotavirus are mostly transmitted via water and are commonly seen in Turkey. Due to lack of regulations for monitoring these viruses at the discharge points of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the discharges reach to surface waters causing water-borne diseases. This emphasizes the importance of WWTPs' removal capacities to minimize the spread of enteroviruses. To evaluate the removal capacities of enteroviruses, five different types of WWTPs from Ankara-Turkey were investigated over a year. Seasonal abundances of enterovirus-specific genes in both influents and effluents from each WWTP were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The reduction of enteroviral nucleic acids in the effluent wastewater samples compared to the influent wastewater samples was assessed as the removal capacity in log10 reduction values (LRVs). The qPCR results revealed that among five different types of WWTPs tested, membrane bioreactors effectively removed Adenovirus alone with LRVs more than 3. The removal of Enterovirus, Hepatitis A virus, Norovirus, and Rotavirus in WWTPs with varying processes was below LRV 3.
Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking using the water quality index
Authors: Machona Sophie , Morara Ogendi George , Ahana Bayongwa Samuel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Groundwater is considered to be a safe and reliable source of drinking water in many parts of Africa. However, high population densities have led to its contamination with harmful pathogens. This study aimed to assess the suitability of groundwater for human consumption, specifically drinking water, using the water quality index (WQI) in the Mufuchani area of Zambia's Copperbelt Province. Water samples were collected from six boreholes and 14 wells between June, July, and August 2023, and their physio-chemical and biological parameters were analyzed. Results showed that 95% of the water samples had elevated levels of total and fecal coliforms. Furthermore, the WQI was determined. Based on the WQI values, 5% of the samples are described as 'excellent', 35% as 'good', and 14% as 'very poor'. In conclusion, the groundwater quality in the area was found to be compromised and unsafe for human consumption without treatment. We therefore recommend water treatment of water from groundwater sources either at the household level or at the community storage points before it is supplied. Furthermore, we recommend public health awareness campaigns on the need for appropriate sanitation technologies, and behavioral change specifically with respect to fecal sludge management in the study area.
Phytochemicals of Biologically Active Fractions from Silene conoidea Leaves and Stems
Authors: Taleghani Akram , Moghimi Roya , Eghbali Samira 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Silene conoidea, a member of the Caryophyllaceae family, is a rare edible
weed in Iran. It possesses various medicinal properties, including insecticidal, antimicrobial, antibacterial,
and allelopathic effects.

Methods:
This study represents the investigation into the phytochemical contents, compounds, and
biological activities of six different fractions [petroleum ether, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl
acetate, methanol, and water] obtained from the leaves and stems of this species, with the aim of
developing new natural drugs.

Result:
The methanol fractions of both the leaves and stems exhibited the highest levels of total
phenolic and flavonoid contents and demonstrated strong antioxidant activity in the DPPH free
radical scavenging method, with IC50 values of 5.1± 1.34 and 9.67 ± 0.02 μg/mL, respectively,
surpassing the activity of BHT. Additionally, the chloroform and methanol fractions showed moderate
antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains, with MIC values ranging from 0.0625 to 0.5
mg/ml when compared to gentamicin. The more active fractions [chloroform and methanol] were
further analyzed to identify bioactive compounds. GC-MS analysis detected forty and forty-five
compounds, representing 97.97% and 99.22% of the total composition, in the chloroform fractions
of the leaves and stems, respectively. The main constituents of the leaves were fatty acid derivatives
[54.66%] and terpene derivatives [21.94%], whereas the stems contained terpene derivatives
[40.46%] and hydrocarbon derivatives [31.41%]. LC-ESI-MS analysis of the methanol fractions
revealed the presence of common groups, including flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoid saponins.
Several bioactive compounds have been identified, including rutin, kaempferol-neohesperidoside
derivative, diosmin, sileneoside, hesperidin, luteolin-di-O-glucoside, orientin-O-glucoside, vitexin-
O-rhamnoside, and swertisin-O-glucoside. Heatmap analysis was conducted to visualize the differences
in metabolite profiles among the samples.

Conclusion:
The analyzed fractions contained compounds with potential pharmacological activities.
Synthesis and Characterization of 3-S-impurities in Timolol Maleate
Authors: Zhou Dejun , Wang Keyang , Zhang Yuying , Liu Xiaoyue , Mao Xiaoxia 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Timolol maleate is clinically used for the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, tachycardia, and glaucoma.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to enhance the safe use of timolol maleate and investigate a
synthesis method for 3-S-timolol, a newly identified impurity in timolol API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients).

Methods:
(S)-3-(tert-butylamino)propane-1,2-diol (1) was used as a raw material. 3-S-timolol
maleate (7) was synthesized through a five-step reaction. Overall yield was 57.7%, with a purity
of 98%.

Results:
The structure of the target compound was confirmed via analysis of its 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-resolution mass spectrometry spectra.

Conclusion:
The synthesis method was straightforward and yielded a high-purity product suitable
for use as a reference in the analysis and identification of timolol maleate-related substances.
Pharmacogenomics and its Role in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Kayani Maryam , Sangeetha Gadde Krishna , Sarangi Swapna , G Leela Sarmada , Sharma Shelja , Adedara Victor O , Abdallah Saria , Katz Kristina , Mora Glendalys Rodríguez , Kommuru Sravani , Nazir Zahra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Pharmacogenomics has transformed the way we approach the treatment of the most
common diseases worldwide, especially cardiovascular. In this article, we highlight the main
categories of drugs involved in major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), related genetic variability
and their effects on metabolism in each case of contrastive operability. This not only explains
disparities in treatment outcomes but also unfolds customised management based on genomic
studies to improve efficiency and limit side effects. Genetic variations have been identified that
impact the efficacy, safety, and adverse effects of drugs commonly used in the treatment of
CVDs, such as Angiotensin converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI), Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
(ARBs), calcium channel blockers, antiplatelet agents, diuretics, statins, beta-blockers, and anticoagulants.
It discusses the impact of genetic polymorphisms on drug metabolism, efficacy, and
adverse reactions, highlighting the importance of genetic testing in optimizing treatment outcomes.
Pharmacogenomics holds immense potential for revolutionizing the management of
CVDs by enabling personalized medicine approaches tailored to individual genetic profiles.
However, challenges such as clinical implementation, cost-effectiveness, and ethical considerations
need to be addressed to completely incorporate pharmacogenomic testing into standard
clinical practice. Continued research and clinical diligence are required for the utilization of
pharmacogenomics to improve therapeutic outcomes and reduce the burden of CVD globally.
Quercetin Suppresses Glioma Stem Cells via Activating p16-INK4 Gene Expression
through Epigenetic Regulation
Authors: Li Jianliang , Li Jingchen , Guo Erkun 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
Our study aimed to explore the effects of quercetin on glioma stem cells in patients with
brain tumors.

Methods:
Human glioblastoma cell line, U373MG, or glioma stem cell lines, were treated with quercetin. Cell
viability was determined by using the cell counting kit 8 assays. Cell apoptosis was determined by using the Annexin-V reagent. Western blotting and qPCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA levels of cyclindependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16INK4a). Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis was used to determine the
enrichment of H3K27me3 on the p16-INK4 locus with or without quercetin.

Results:
Treatment with quercetin inhibited cell viability and induced cell apoptosis in U373MG cells. Moreover,
treatment with quercetin inhibited the cell viability of four glioma stem cell lines (G3, G10, G15, and G17) from
brain tumor samples at high concentrations while having no obvious effects for the other two glioma stem cell
lines (G9 and G21). Treatment with quercetin increased the mRNA and protein levels of p16- INK4 in glioma
stem cell lines. The study of the underlying mechanism revealed that treatment with quercetin reduced
H3K27me3 (an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein histone H3) levels at the p16-INK4 locus.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, quercetin inhibits glioma cell growth by activating p16-INK4 gene expression
through epigenetic regulation.
Diagnosis of Genital Tuberculosis Unveiled by Utero-Cutaneous Fistula and Superimposed MRSA Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Mangla Mishu , Kumar Naina , Sharma Abhimanyu , Srirambhatla Annapurna , Bukke Nireesha , Chavan Sunil Kumar D. , Roy Subhrajyoti 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Both tuberculosis and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) are known to be notorious for causing fistulas due to their characteristics of persis-tent, difficult-to-treat infections that lead to chronic inflammation, abscess formation, and tissue necrosis. There are several case reports highlighting the invasiveness and potential for fistula formation associated with both tuberculosis and MRSA infections independently, but to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a utero-cutaneous fistula caused by chronic infection due to MRSA, superadded on genital tuberculosis.

Case Presentation:
A 35-year-old female, P3L3, visited the gynaecology outpatient depart-ment nine months after her last caesarean section with the complaint of severe pain and blood discharge from the transverse supra-pubic scar during menstruation. On evaluation, she was found to be chronically infected with MRSA and have genital tuberculosis only after histo-pathologic examination of the fistulous tract and tubo-ovarian abscess.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the importance of considering genital tuberculosis in pa-tients with atypical or refractory post-surgical complications and emphasizes the need for a thorough and multidisciplinary approach to its management.
ESCBR: Expert System Enabled Case-based Reasoning Approach in iDDCS for CIND
Authors: Kapruwan Akanksha , Sharma sachin , Goyal Himanshu Rai 
Published: February 2025

Background:
CIN is considered as precancerous stage. If we detect CIN stage in its early manifestation
we would be able to avoid cancerous stage. Any gadget with case based reasoning method
could improve the accuracy.

Objective:
Objective of this paper is to combined expert system with CBR. The mycin algorithm
base don backward chaining is to be used to identifying CIN and also to compare the afficacy of
CBR- Aggregate method with CBR GA and CBR-BSR.

Method:
This paper proposes a system consist of two major fundamental component: Expert system
and CBR-ES uses mycin algorithm based on backward chaining.and CBR uses CBR aggregate
and compare it with CBR-GA and CBR-BSR.

Results:
The result shows assuring outcome for early CIN detection using both component . The
mycin algorithm which uses backward chaining method. Second component CBR aggregate
method demonstrated superior performance compared to CBR-GA and CBR-BSR, specially showing
a lower frequency of MAPE percentage.

Conclusion:
The paper concludes that using both Mycin ES and CBR- Aggreate method together
for CIN detetction can significantly reduce error rates, leading to timely and proper medical intervention.
The simultaneous application of both method for mutual confirmation can greatly enhance
the accuracy and reliability of CIN detection.
Two GnRH-mitoxantrone Conjugates, Con-3 and Con-7, Target Endometrial Cancer Cells
Authors: Markatos Christos , Biniari Georgia , Karageorgos Vlasios , Chepurny Oleg G. , Venihaki Maria , Holz George G. , Tselios Theodore , Liapakis George 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. Endometrial cancer cells express the gonadotropin-releasing hormone
(GnRH) and its receptor (GnRH-R). Among the various therapeutic approaches for the treatment of endometrial cancer is the use of GnRH
conjugates, such as the AN-152, created by linking the [D-Lys6] GnRH with the cytotoxic doxorubicin through an ester bond. An undesirable
property of these conjugates is their vulnerability to plasma carboxylesterases, which cleave the ester bond to release doxorubicin before reaching
the cancer cells.

Methods:
To overcome this problem, we recently developed the Con-3 and Con-7, which are GnRH analogs conjugated through a disulfide bond with the
cytotoxic mitoxantrone. In this study, we determined the cytotoxic properties of the Con-3 and Con-7 on the Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells,
assuming that their interaction with the GnRH-R of cells exposes the conjugated mitoxantrone to the cellular thioredoxin. The cellular thioredoxin
reduces the disulfide bond of Con-3 & Con-7 to release mitoxantrone, which accumulates in the cancer cells and exerts its cytotoxic actions.

Results:
Indeed, treatment of Ishikawa cells with Con-3, Con-7, or the free unconjugated mitoxantrone increased their apoptosis and decreased their proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, displaying half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.64 - 1.15 μM. In specific, the IC50 values on days 2, 3, and 4 were 1.45, 0.64, and 0.83 μΜ, respectively, for Con-3, 0.91, 0.82 μΜ, and 1.00 μΜ, respectively for Con-7 and 1.15, 0.98, 0.78 μM, respectively for mitoxantrone.

Conclusion:
In contrast, the free, mitoxantrone-unconjugated peptides did not affect the proliferation of Ishikawa cells. The Con-3 and Con-7 could put the
basis for the development of a new class of anticancer drugs for endometrial cancer, which will act as “prodrugs” that deliver the cytotoxic
mitoxantrone in a GnRH-R-specific manner.
Innovations in Glycosaminoglycan Delivery: Transforming Joint Health Therapies
Authors: Nisha Mahkesha , Adnan Mohammad , Sakure Kalyani , Ajazuddin  , Jain Parag 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
This thorough analysis looks critically at how glycosaminoglycan (GAG) supports joint
health. It emphasizes the importance of GAG in particular, clarifies the underlying processes linked
to joint pain, and assesses the shortcomings of traditional therapy modalities. Additionally, the research
delves into several traditional approaches, such as injectable GAG therapy and oral supplements,
carefully evaluating the benefits and drawbacks of each. The study then explores novel GAG
drug delivery technologies, acknowledging the urgent need for better treatment approaches. The article
highlights the potential of hydrogel-based systems, liposomal/micellar carriers, and nanoparticles
in addressing current challenges in GAG delivery. These challenges include achieving sustained
release, improving bioavailability, facilitating targeted delivery, and reducing safety concerns
related to biocompatibility. Examining these elements closely and critically, the review seeks to
provide a thorough grasp of the developments, difficulties, and possible breakthroughs in GAG delivery
systems. In the end, this thorough investigation will greatly aid in the improvement of joint
pain therapies. The results imply that by shielding articular joints from erosive effects, early use of
GAG therapy—particularly hyaluronic acid—can reduce joint deterioration associated with arthritis.
Even though GAG-based therapies have shown promise in lowering inflammation and increasing
joint flexibility, further study is required to improve their effectiveness in treating joint pain,
particularly in diseases like osteoarthritis.
Exploring the Penetration of ICT in Rural Primary Schools and How it Influences Teachers, Learners, and the Teaching-learning Process. A Case of
South Africa
Authors: Zenda Rekai 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The digital environment possesses a strong influence on the learning environment
and enhances the development and refinement of both teachers' and learners’ preexisting
skills. Essentially, teaching and learning with ICT encourages learner-centered approach
which is associated with more learner involvement and active learning.

Method:
The qualitative interpretive approach was used. A multi-case study design was used.
Purposeful sampling and random sampling techniques were used to select the participants. Data
were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews with fifteen teachers.

Result:
The findings revealed that teachers lacked ICT skills. Also, the lack of ICT infrastructure
and internet access made it difficult for teachers to help learners use ICT and inhibited active
learning. Thus, training could enable teachers to acquire ICT skills to improve the teachinglearning
process.

Conclusion:
Therefore, making ICT an integral component of the rural primary school education
system is a serious issue for policy-making and planning to enhance learner participation, collaboration,
and communication processes during the teaching-learning process. Furthermore, mechanisms,
such as ICT training, provision of laptops, and improved internet access could provide opportunities
for learners to utilize technology during the teaching-learning process in rural primary
schooling.