bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential effect of left ventricular unloading according to the aetiology of cardiogenic shock
Authors: Kang Jeehoon , Lee Kyu‐Sun , Lee Hak Seung , Lee Huijin , Ahn Hyojeong , Han Jung‐Kyu , Yang Han‐Mo , Park Kyung Woo , Lee Hae‐Young , Kang Hyun‐Jae , Koo Bon‐Kwon , Kim Hyo‐Soo , Cho Hyun‐Jai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsEvidence for the effectiveness of left ventricular (LV) unloading in patients who received venoaterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or non‐AMI induced cardiogenic shock (CS) is limited. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of LV unloading in AMI‐induced and non‐AMI‐induced CS.Methods and resultsThis is a single‐centre retrospective observational study of patients with CS undergoing VA‐ECMO from January 2011 to March 2019. Patients were classified as AMI‐induced and non‐AMI‐induced CS. The association of LV unloading with 90‐day mortality in both groups was analysed using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.ResultsOf the 128 CS patients, 71 (55.5%) patients received VA‐ECMO due to AMI‐induced CS, and the remaining 57 (44.5%) received VA‐ECMO due to non‐AMI‐induced CS. The modality of LV unloading was predominantly with IABP (94.5%). In the AMI‐induced CS group, LV unloading did not reduce 90‐day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.96, 95% confidence interval 0.90–4.27, P = 0.089). However, in the non‐AMI‐induced CS group, LV unloading combined with VA‐ECMO significantly reduced 90‐day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.14–0.96, P = 0.041; P for interaction = 0.029) as compared with those who received VA‐ECMO alone.ConclusionsLV unloading with VA‐ECMO may reduce 90‐day mortality compared with VA‐ECMO alone in patients with non‐AMI‐induced CS, but not in AMI‐induced CS.
Meta‐Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure score for the prediction of mortality in valvular heart disease
Authors: Lv Junxing , Xu Haiyan , Ye Yunqing , Li Zhe , Wang Weiwei , Zhang Bin , Zhao Qinghao , Zhang Haitong , Zhao Zhenyan , Liu Qingrong , Wang Bincheng , Duan Zhenya , Yu Zikai , Guo Shuai , Zhao Yanyan , Gao Runlin , Ge Junbo , Wu Yongjian ,   CHINA‐VHD collaborators
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsValvular heart disease (VHD) is one of the leading causes of heart failure. Clinically significant VHD can induce different patterns of cardiac remodelling, and risk stratification is challenging in patients with various degrees of cardiac dysfunction. The study aimed to investigate the prognostic implications of Meta‐Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC) score in patients with VHD.Methods and resultsThis study used data from the China Valvular Heart Disease (China‐VHD) registry, which was a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study for patients with significant (at least moderate) VHD. In total, 10 446 patients with moderate or greater VHD from the China‐VHD study were included in the present analysis. The primary outcome of interest was all‐cause mortality within 2 years. Among 10 446 patients with VHD, the mean age was 61.98 ± 13.47 years, and 5819 (55.7%) were male. During 2 years of follow‐up, 895 (8.6%) patients died. The MAGGIC score was monotonically and independently associated with mortality in both total cohort [adjusted hazard ratio: 1.095, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.084–1.107, P < 0.001] and most types of VHD (aortic regurgitation, mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, mixed aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation, and multiple VHD). The score was also an independent prognostic factor in patients with or without symptoms or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and exhibited both satisfactory discrimination and calibration properties in predicting mortality. The prognostic value of MAGGIC score was robust in most quartiles of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide level, with no significant interaction observed (Pinteraction = 0.498). Compared with the EuroSCORE II, the MAGGIC score achieved significantly better predictive performance in overall population [C index: 0.769 vs. 0.727; net reclassification improvement index (95% CI): 0.354 (0.313–0.396), P < 0.001; integrated discrimination improvement index (95% CI): 0.069 (0.052–0.085), P < 0.001] and in subgroups of patients divided by therapeutic strategy, LVEF, symptomatic status, stage of VHD, and aetiology of VHD.ConclusionsThe MAGGIC score is a reliable prognostic factor across the range of cardiac dysfunction in VHD and may assist in risk stratification and guide clinical decision‐making.
Assembly of (2×C2+C’2)×n Molecular Complexity Using a Sequence of Pt‐ and Pd‐Catalyzed Transformations with Calcium Carbide
Authors: Potorochenko Anton N. , Rodygin Konstantin S. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConstructing molecular complexity from simple precursors stands as a cornerstone in contemporary organic synthesis. Systems harnessing easily accessible starting materials, which offer control over stereochemistry and support a modular assembly approach, are particularly in demand. In this research, we utilized calcium carbide, presenting a sustainable pathway to generate acetylene gas – a fundamental C2 building block. We performed a Pt‐facilitated linkage of two C2‐units sourced from two calcium carbide molecules to craft a conjugated C4 core with exceptional stereoselectivity. As a benchmark, we selected the synthesis of (E,E)‐1,4‐diiodobuta‐1,3‐diene, executing it in a two‐chamber reactor. Compartmentalization of the reactions across these chambers resulted in the desired product in 85% yield. Furthermore, high‐energy polymeric substances were derived by marrying the molecular intricacy between (E,E)‐1,4‐diiodobuta‐1,3‐diene and calcium carbide, underpinning a unique C4+C2 assembly blueprint. The structure and morphology of the polymeric material were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Overall, two complementary 2×C2‐to‐C4 and (2×C2+C’2)×n assembly schemes were developed using Pt and Pd catalysis.
On the Carbenic Nature of Nitrile Ylides: Experimental and Computational Characterization of Hydroxy and Amino Nitrile Ylides
Authors: Nunes Cláudio M. , Lopes Jesus A. J. , Rosado Mário T. S. , Fausto Rui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNitrile ylides are 1,3‐dipolar species with structures that are commonly described by propargylic and/or allenic resonance forms. Nevertheless, certain nitrile ylides exhibit a tendency to form dimers, suggesting the existence of structures characterized by an important carbenic contribution. To address the nitrile ylide carbenic nature, here we investigate two derivatives with OH and NH2 electron‐donating substituents. These nitrile ylides were generated in cryogenic matrices by UV‐irradiation of 3‐hydroxy‐ and 3‐amino‐isoxazole precursors and were found to photoisomerize to the corresponding oxazoles. The IR spectral characterization of the photogenerated nitrile ylides reveals the absence of the characteristic strong νas(CNC) absorption, which is associated with allenic and propargylic type structures. Computed geometries for the two experimentally investigated nitrile ylides and for analogues with different substituents at C3 and C1, together with NBO and NRT electronic structure analyses, performed at the CCSD(T) level of theory, reveal substantial carbenic character exclusively for nitrile ylides bearing OH and NH2 substituents at C3. As a whole, the results shed light on the factors determining the structural features of nitrile ylides, which play a major role in defining the reactivity of these important elusive compounds.
Grid‐tied PEMFC power conditioning system based on capacitor voltage thorough feedback procedure in a weak and harmonics‐polluted network
Authors: Hosseinpour Majid , Sabetfar Tooraj , Shahparasti Mahdi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have been noticed by researchers due to their high efficiency, low pollution, and high‐power density in distributed generation systems. In this paper, an LCL‐type grid‐tied PEMFC fuel cell power conditioning system is evaluated in a harmonics‐polluted low‐voltage grid. The LCL‐filters can lead to resonance and instability despite their capability to attenuate harmonics. In this research, a transformer has been used to connect the fuel cell inverter to the grid. The grid‐side inductor of LCL‐filter is realized by the leakage inductance of the transformer. In addition, for more effective resonance damping and attenuation of current ripples caused by the grid voltage harmonics, a capacitor voltage comprehensive feedback control has been designed and investigated. The comprehensive feedback control of the capacitor voltage contains proportional, first and second‐order derivative terms. In the proposed control scheme, the capacitor‐current‐feedback is opposed by the capacitor voltage derivative term due to reverse loop gain, which leads to deleting both of these loop gains. As a result, there is no need to utilize a current sensor in this control method. Consequently, the proportional and second‐order derivative terms of the capacitor voltage attenuate the LCL‐filter resonance. A low‐pass filter is also considered in the second‐order derivative loop in the controllable frequency range to ensure system stability. The simulation results of the PEMFC power conditioning system in different conditions confirm the proper attenuation of LCL resonance of grid‐tied inverter, high‐quality current injection to the harmonics polluted grid, the suitable stability, and the appropriate dynamic response for the proposed system. Under the proposed control scheme, the fuel cell power conditioning system demonstrates satisfactory stability. Even when reducing the LCL filter values by 5%–20%, the system maintains its stability effectively. Moreover, the THD of the injected current into the grid, employing the proposed control strategy, has been successfully reduced to an impressive value of 1.97% in a weak and harmonical grid.
Teak wood derived porous carbon: An efficient cathode material for zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitor
Authors: Chakraborty Anjan , Paul Aparna , Ghosh Anirban , Murmu Naresh Chandra , Kuila Tapas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn appealing choice for energy storage system that merges the advantages of zinc‐ion battery with supercapacitor is the zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHS). Carbonaceous materials have recently received significant attention as the viable cathode material for ZHS. Carbon‐based materials having large surface area and suitable pore structure exhibit fast kinetics and good charge storage behavior in ZHS. Carbonization temperature plays a vital role in optimizing surface area and developing the pore structure of the carbon. Activated carbon is successfully prepared from teak wood at different carbonization temperatures of ~600°C, 750°C, and 900°C, followed by KOH activation. The teak wood‐derived material carbonized at ~750°C (ATC2) shows the highest specific surface area of ~898.16 m2 g−1. Fabricated ZHS with ATC2 as cathode delivers the highest specific capacitance of ~116 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and exhibits outstanding capacitance retention of ~102.8% after 10 000 continuous galvanostatic charge‐discharge cycles recorded at 10 A g−1. In addition, the device shows ~42 W h kg−1 energy density at ~408 W kg−1 power density. The fabricated ZHS can power an LED and a digital clock, suggesting its potential application as energy storage device.
Cerebrospinal fluid efflux through dynamic paracellular pores on venules as a missing piece of the brain drainage system
Authors: Dong Yaqiong , Xu Ting , Yuan Lan , Wang Yahan , Yu Siwang , Wang Zhi , Chen Shizhu , Chen Chunhua , He Weijiang , Stewart Tessandra , Zhang Weiguang , Yang Xiaoda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe glymphatic system plays a key role in the clearance of waste from the parenchyma, and its dysfunction has been associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, questions remain regarding its complete mechanisms. Here, we report that efflux of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/interstitial fluid (ISF) solutes occurs through a triphasic process that cannot be explained by the current model, but rather hints at the possibility of other, previously undiscovered routes from paravenous spaces to the blood. Using real‐time, in vivo observation of efflux, a novel drainage pathway was discovered, in which CSF molecules enter the bloodstream directly through dynamically assembled, trumpet‐shaped pores (basolateral ϕ<8 μm; apical ϕ < 2 μm) on the walls of brain venules. As Zn2+ could facilitate the brain clearance of macromolecular ISF solutes, Zn2+‐induced reconstruction of the tight junctions (TJs) in vascular endothelial cells may participate in pore formation. Thus, an updated model for glymphatic clearance of brain metabolites and potential regulation is postulated. In addition, deficient clearance of Aβ through these asymmetric venule pores was observed in AD model mice, supporting the notion that impaired brain drainage function contributes to Aβ accumulation and pathogenic dilation of the perivascular space in AD.
The two synthetic cannabinoid compounds 4′‐F‐CBD and HU‐910 efficiently restrain inflammatory responses of brain microglia and astrocytes
Authors: dos Santos Pereira Maurício , Maitan Santos Bruna , Gimenez Rocio , Guimarães Francisco Silveira , Raisman‐Vozari Rita , Del Bel Elaine , Michel Patrick Pierre 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo study the anti‐inflammatory potential of the two synthetic cannabinoids 4′‐F‐CBD and HU‐910, we used post‐natal brain cultures of mouse microglial cells and astrocytes activated by reference inflammogens. We found that 4′‐F‐CBD and HU‐910 efficiently curtailed the release of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β in microglia and astrocytes activated by the bacterial Toll‐Like Receptor (TLR)4 ligand LPS. Upon LPS challenge, 4′‐F‐CBD and HU‐910 also prevented the activation of phenotypic activation markers specific to microglia and astrocytes, that is, Iba‐1 and GFAP, respectively. In microglial cells, the two test compounds also efficiently restrained LPS‐stimulated release of glutamate, a non‐cytokine inflammation marker for these cells. The immunosuppressive effects of the two cannabinoid compounds were concentration‐dependent and observable between 1 and 10 μM. These effects were not dependent on cannabinoid or cannabinoid‐like receptors. Both 4′‐F‐CBD and HU‐910 were also capable of restraining the inflammogenic activity of Pam3CSK4, a lipopeptide that activates TLR2, and of BzATP, a prototypic agonist of P2X7 purinergic receptors, suggesting that these two cannabinoids could exert immunosuppressive effects against a variety of inflammatory stimuli. Using LPS‐stimulated microglia and astrocytes, we established that the immunosuppressive action of 4′‐F‐CBD and HU‐910 resulted from the inhibition of ROS produced by NADPH oxidase and subsequent repression of NF‐κB‐dependent signaling events. Our results suggest that 4′‐F‐CBD and HU‐910 may have therapeutic utility in pathological conditions where neuroinflammatory processes are prominent.
On the short‐term impact of pollution: The effect of PM 2.5 on emergency room visits
Authors: Dardati Evangelina , de Elejalde Ramiro , Giolito Eugenio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the short‐term effect of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) exposure on respiratory emergency room (ER) visits in Chile, a middle‐income country with high levels of air pollution. To instrument for PM 2.5, we use wind speed at different altitudes (pressure levels). Unlike previous papers, our data allow us to study the impact of high pollution levels across all age groups. We find that a 1 μg per cubic meter (μg/m3) increase in PM 2.5 exposure for 1 day increases ER visits for respiratory illness by 0.36%. The effect is positive and significant for all age groups. Furthermore, the coefficients on government environmental alerts suggest that avoidance behavior becomes increasingly significant across all age groups as restrictions become more severe.
Protective effect of isoliquiritigenin in amiodarone‐induced damage of human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Guo Jin‐Li , Han Xiang , Yan Xian‐Yan , Wang Juan‐Juan , Chang Ya‐Qiong , Zhang Bei‐Lei , Guo Xiu‐Juan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveAmiodarone (AM) is a drug commonly used in patients with ventricular arrhythmias. It can damage vascular endothelial cells and easily cause phlebitis. At present, the prevention and treatment of phlebitis induced by the use of AM is not clear due to the lack of corresponding primary research. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) has an anti‐inflammatory effect, but until now, has not been explored much in the field of research in primary care nursing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of ISL in treating phlebitis induced by AM.MethodsIn our study, we used human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) that were divided into three groups: the NC group (normal), the AM group (AM 30 μmol/L for 24 h), and the ISL pretreatment group (isoliquiritigenin 10 μmol/L after 1 h of pretreatment with amiodarone for 24 h). We used CCK‐8 to detect cell proliferation, cell scratch assay to detect the migration capability of cells, flow cytometry to measure apoptosis, angiogenesis assay to check the total length and total branches of angiogenesis, and PCR and WB to detect the expression of PCNA, casepase‐3, and VEGFA. WB was used to detect NF‐κBp65 and p‐NF‐κBp65 expression.ResultsCompared with the AM group, the ISL pretreatment promoted cell proliferation and migration, inhibited cell apoptosis, increased the total length and total branches of angiogenesis, and downregulated p‐NF‐κBp65 expression.ConclusionISL shows promise in the prevention and treatment of clinical phlebitis and can be used as a potential therapeutic drug to prevent phlebitis.
Circulating levels of biomarkers and risk of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast in the UK Biobank study
Authors: Peila Rita , Rohan Thomas E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObservational studies have shown associations between circulating levels of various biomarkers (eg, total cholesterol [TC], low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL], insulin‐like growth factor‐1 [IGF‐1], C‐reactive protein [CRP] and glycated hemoglobin‐1c [HbA1c]) and the risk of invasive breast cancer (IBC). Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast (DCIS) is a nonobligate precursor of IBC and shares several risk factors with it. However, the relationship between these biomarkers and DCIS risk remains unexplored. We studied the association between circulating levels of TC, LDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), Lipoprotein (a) (Lp‐(a)), IGF‐1, CRP and HbA1c, with the risk of DCIS in 156801women aged 40 to 69 years and breast cancer‐free at enrolment when blood samples and information on demographic and health‐related factors were collected. Incident cases of DCIS were ascertained during the follow‐up via linkage to the UK cancer registries Multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of interest. In all, 969 DCIS incident cases were diagnosed during 11.4 years of follow‐up. Total cholesterol was inversely associated with the risk of DCIS (HRquintile(Q)5vsQ1 = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.27‐0.82, Ptrend = .008). Conversely, LDL‐C was positively associated with DCIS risk (HRQ3vsQ1 = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.01‐2.04, HRQ4vsQ1 = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.04‐2.47, HRQ5vsQ1 = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.36‐3.88, Ptrend = .004). In postmenopausal women, CRP had a weak positive association with DCIS risk, while HbA1c showed a nonlinear association with the risk. These results, in conjunction with those from previous studies on IBC, provide support for the association of several biomarkers with the risk of an early stage of breast cancer.
A multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy study of the responses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to blue light and antibiotic treatment
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zaki Farzana R. , Won Jungeun , Boppart Stephen A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a multidrug‐resistant human pathogen involved in numerous infections. Understanding the response of P. aeruginosa to various treatments is critical to developing new ways for the antimicrobial susceptibly test and more effective treatment methods. Conventional antimicrobial susceptibility tests lack molecular information at the single bacterium level. In this study, we used label‐free multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy to identify an autofluorescence signal from pyoverdine, a siderophore of the bacteria, for quantification of P. aeruginosa responses to antibiotics and blue light treatment. We also discovered that the bleaching of the pyoverdine autofluorescence signals is correlated with the inactivation of P. aeruginosa and is perhaps one of the mechanisms involved in the blue light inactivation of P. aeruginosa.
Cordycepin inhibits kidney injury by regulating GSK‐3β‐mediated Nrf2 activation
Authors: Tang Zhiling , Chen Kean , Sun Chun , Ying Xiangjun , Li Ming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe explored the role and mechanism of cordycepin (COR) in inhibiting kidney injury. A mouse model of kidney injury was established using cisplatin (CDDP), and the kidney function, histopathology, and ferroptosis indices in mice were detected after intervening with COR. The targets of COR‐ferroptosis‐kidney injury were analyzed by network pharmacology, based on which the association between glycogen synthase kinase‐3 beta (GSK‐3β) and COR was determined. HK‐2 cells were cultured in vitro and treated separately with ferroptosis inducers erastin and CDDP. After the COR intervention, the level of ferroptosis was monitored. In vitro experiments found that COR could inhibit ferroptosis and CDDP‐induced kidney injury. Network pharmacological analysis revealed that GSK‐3β was the target of COR. After inhibiting GSK‐3β expression, COR could not further inhibit the occurrence of ferroptosis. In vitro results also indicated that COR could inhibit ferroptosis in HK‐2 cells. According to our findings, COR can ameliorate CDDP‐induced kidney injury through GSK‐3β‐mediated ferroptosis signaling. We identify new pharmacological effect and target for COR, the major component of Cordyceps sinensis.