bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shakespeare in the “Shoe” Novels of Noel Streatfeild
Authors: Archer-Richards Catherine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article situates Noel Streatfeild’s career novels of the mid twentieth century within the long history of Shakespeare for children, showing that she was an innovator in this field. The engagement that girls in these novels have with the works of Shakespeare includes reading the texts for pleasure, the acquisition of knowledge of the plays for its own sake, and identification with Shakespeare’s characters; all activities encouraged in literature for girls for over a hundred years before Streatfeild. But the “Shoe” novels take the process further into an exciting realm of creative engagement, in which girls act in Shakespeare’s plays on the professional stage, and in doing so, earn prestige, independence and hard cash. Streatfeild’s depiction of girls’ encounters with Shakespeare is innovative: she presented Shakespeare as a force who could improve the lives of girls, facilitating their well-being, independence, and their sense of cultural identity within the family or their social class. They are not lectured by Shakespeare, but liberated.
Repurposing metformin to manage idiopathic or long COVID Tinnitus: self-report adopting a pathophysiological and pharmacological approach
Authors: Kelleni Mina T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChronic tinnitus is a common neurological disorder that affects millions of patients globally with no available successful pharmacotherapy. It can be extremely bothersome to some patients to the extent that it occasionally qualifies as a disability that can hinder them from leading a normal life. In this short communication, the author discusses how he suffered from idiopathic tinnitus and how he managed to adopt a combined pathophysiological and pharmacological approach to the reason for the first time in the medical literature that low-dose metformin might be safely and effectively repurposed to manage at least a subset of tinnitus patients while discussing the potential role of adenosine receptor agonists as potential future tinnitus therapeutics.
A Longitudinal RCT on the Effectiveness of a Psychological Intervention for Hospital Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: What We Learned to Date
Authors: Rizzi Damiano , Monaci Michela , Gambini Giulia , Benzi Ilaria Maria Antonietta , Perlini Stefano , De Silvestri Annalisa , Klersy Catherine , Barone Lavinia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant psychological distress among frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), with a particular increase in trauma-related symptoms. This study investigated the longitudinal course of trauma-associated symptoms and behaviors in HCWs and the effectiveness of a brief dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)-informed intervention in mitigating these symptoms over 12 months. The trial included 225 HCWs randomly assigned to one of three groups: no intervention (control), in-person DBT-informed intervention, or online DBT-informed intervention. Over time, a natural decrease in PTSD symptoms was observed in all groups. Contrary to expectations, no difference was found between the control and intervention groups. However, for participants with severe PTSD symptoms, the intervention significantly mitigated their distress. No differences emerged between in-person and online interventions, suggesting equal effectiveness. Females reported higher trauma-related symptoms, while no differences emerged among different professional roles. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions for HCWs experiencing severe symptoms and highlight the potential of online modalities. Further research is needed to optimize the deployment of mental health resources within the healthcare setting, particularly during crises.
Modeling Extreme Precipitation Data in a Mining Area
Authors: Lymperi Ourania-Anna , Varouchakis Emmanouil A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, extreme precipitation events have increased in frequency and intensity in Greece and across regions of the Mediterranean, with significant environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Therefore, extensive statistical analysis of the extreme rainfall characteristics on a dense temporal scale is crucial for areas with important economic activity. For this reason, this paper uses the daily precipitation measurements of four meteorological stations in a mining area of northeastern Chalkidiki peninsula from 2006 to 2021. Three statistical approaches were carried out to develop the best-fitting probability distribution for annual extreme precipitation conditions, using the maximum likelihood method for parameter estimation: the block maxima of the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution and the peak over threshold of the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) based on extreme value theory (EVT), and the gamma distribution. Based upon this fitting distribution procedure, return periods for the extreme precipitation values were calculated. Results indicate that EVT distributions satisfactorily fit extreme precipitation, with GPD being the most appropriate, and lead to similar conclusions regarding extreme events.
Fire season and time since fire determine arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal trait responses to fire
Authors: Hopkins Jacob R. , McKenna Thomas P. , Bennett Alison E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are common mutualists in grassland and savanna systems that are adapted to recurrent fire disturbance. This long-term adaptation to fire means that AM fungi display disturbance associated traits which should be useful for understanding environmental and seasonal effects on AM fungal community assembly.

Methods
In this work, we evaluated how fire effects on AM fungal spore traits and community composition vary with fire season (Fall vs. Spring) and time since fire. We tested this by analyzing AM fungal spore traits (e.g., colorimetric, sporulation, and size) from a fire regime experiment.

Results
Immediately following Fall and Spring fires, spore pigmentation darkened (became less hyaline); however, this trait response was not linked to fire driven changes in spore community composition and likely implies a plastic spore pigmentation response to fire. Six months after Fall fires, spores in burned plots were lower in volume, produced less color rich pigment, and had higher sporulation rates, and these differences in spore traits were associated with shifts in AM fungal spore communities demonstrating environmental filtering.

Conclusion
Fire drove plastic and longer-term changes in AM fungal spore traits and community assembly that varied with fire season (stronger effects in Fall) and time since fire. This demonstrates the utility of applying trait-based approaches to microbial community assembly, and the importance of considering changes in community assembly across time.
Revisiting the Impact Evaluation of Women’s Empowerment: A MCDM-Based Evaluation Indicator Selection Framework Proposal
Authors: Yıldırım Nihan , Köroğlu Fatma 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWomen’s empowerment programs play a critical role in achieving the United Nations’ (UN’s) sustainable development goal of “Gender Equality”. However, non-profit organizations (NPOs) running women’s empowerment (WE) programs face challenges in monitoring, assessing, and evaluating the social impact (SI) and program performance due to the lack of solid guidelines. This study aims to analyze the impact and outcome evaluation indicators of WE programs by providing a quantitative tool. A multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model is proposed to identify and prioritize the performance indicators by utilizing Fuzzy TOPSIS (FTOPSIS) and Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) in a combined methodology. Results validated the identification and classification of the indicators by their importance and viability. In a qualitative study with NPOs working on WE in Turkey, social impact and outcome evaluation indicators are defined and ranked by criteria set in the proposed combined MCDM framework. The study aims to contribute to the theoretical frameworks and practices on social impact and outcome evaluation of women’s empowerment.
Collective action lessons for the energy transition: learning from social movements of the past
Authors: Djinlev Vanja , Pearce BinBin J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo accelerate the energy transition and achieve the needed large-scale transformation to address climate change, different barriers including lock-ins and path dependencies, incumbent power structures and changing individual and collective norms, values, and behaviors around energy need to be addressed. In the face of these challenges, citizens are beginning to play a bigger role in the transformation of the energy system. For example, they are becoming prosumers (energy consumers who also produce energy) and are increasingly engaging in collective energy actions, including taking part in energy communities. In the latter instance, collective investment and consumption decisions are made together, and norms, understanding and behavior towards energy are shaped collectively. To better understand the roles that individuals and groups can play in confronting the challenges of the energy transition, we make use of and adapt Ostrom’s socio-ecological systems (SES) framework to analyze past examples of collective actions and to delve deeper into the causes and catalysts of collective actions. We show how this framework can be used to analyze collective actions across time and contexts, focusing on connecting individual and group behavior with changing societal norms and the corresponding barriers to change. By applying the adapted SES framework as a lens to analyze historical examples of collective actions that have resulted in a widespread transformation in social norms and structures, we identify similarities and differences between these case studies and the current energy transition. Confronting incumbents and the challenge of changing social norms and behaviors are among the similarities, but the specific tactics used to limit incumbents’ powers and the actions taken to influence the norms and behaviors differ. Lastly, we determine the key actors that influenced social and behavioral change, as one of the main outcomes of the analysis.
Belief space-guided approach to self-adaptive particle swarm optimization
Authors: Eschwege Daniel von , Engelbrecht Andries 
Published: January 2024

AbstractParticle swarm optimization (PSO) performance is sensitive to the control parameter values used, but tuning of control parameters for the problem at hand is computationally expensive. Self-adaptive particle swarm optimization (SAPSO) algorithms attempt to adjust control parameters during the optimization process, ideally without introducing additional control parameters to which the performance is sensitive. This paper proposes a belief space (BS) approach, borrowed from cultural algorithms (CAs), towards development of a SAPSO. The resulting BS-SAPSO utilizes a belief space to direct the search for optimal control parameter values by excluding non-promising configurations from the control parameter space. The resulting BS-SAPSO achieves an improvement in performance of 3–55% above the various baselines, based on the solution quality of the objective function values achieved on the functions tested.
Corrosion behaviour of self-piercing riveted joints with uncoated rivets in high nitrogen steel
Authors: Uhe Benedikt , Kuball Clara-Maria , Merklein Marion , Meschut Gerson 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSelf-piercing riveting is an established joining technique for lightweight materials. To increase the sustainability of the rivet manufacturing process, the authors of the present paper have developed an approach for shortening the process chain by omitting the heat treatment and rivet coating. To do this, use is made of high nitrogen steel as the rivet material. Successful joining with these rivets has already been proven, and it has also been shown that a competitive joint strength can be achieved with these rivets. Up until now, no studies have been conducted of the corrosion behaviour of uncoated rivets in high nitrogen steel compared to conventional rivets made of heat-treatable steel with a coating of Almac® or zinc-nickel with topcoat, and the corrosion behaviour of joints manufactured with these rivets has also not been investigated. Furthermore, the suitability of rivets in high nitrogen steel for structures undergoing cathodic dip painting has not been evaluated to date. These are therefore the aims of the research work presented in this paper. Corrosion behaviour is tested by exposing rivets and joints to a salt spray atmosphere. Cross-cut tests are conducted in order to classify the adhesion of cathodic dip paint to the different rivet surfaces and materials. The results of the experimental test show that the cathodic dip paint has sufficient adhesion to the uncoated rivets in high nitrogen steel and that these rivets can therefore be used in the manufacture of car bodies. Due to the stainless properties of the high nitrogen steel, better corrosion resistance is seen by comparison to the commonly used coatings of Almac® and zinc-nickel with topcoat. A study of the corrosion behaviour of the joints shows that the rivet head diameter and rivet head position, in particular, are decisive for preventing crevice corrosion under the rivet head and contact corrosion within the joint.
Should We Embrace Impossible Worlds Due to the Flaws of Normal Modal Logic?
Authors: Eyinck Til 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSome philosophers advance the claim that the phenomena of logical omniscience and of the indiscernibility of metaphysical statements, which arise in (certain) interpretations of normal modal logic, provide strong reasons in favour of impossible world approaches. These two specific lines of argument will be presented and discussed in this paper. Contrary to the recent much-held view that the characteristics of these two phenomena provide us with strong reasons to adopt impossible world approaches, the view defended here is that no such ‘knock-down arguments’ do emanate on those grounds. This is not to rule out that there cannot be any other good reasons for assuming impossible world semantics. However, the discussion of a further argument for impossible worlds will suggest that different attempts to argue for them likely present intertwined problems.
Alexithymia, life satisfaction, depression and anxiety in black and ethnic minority communities in the UK
Authors: Winningah Aisha Abdulsalam , Pereira Monica 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlexithymia is the inability to express and recognise emotions and can be expressed in non-clinical populations. Alexithymia is typically experienced alongside depression, anxiety, and burnout. However, research in this area has not explored the extent to which alexithymia is experienced in Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic group. Access to treatment for this community are limited. The aim of the current research is to explore high vs. low scores of alexithymia on anxiety, depression, life satisfaction among British black and ethnic minority communities. A total of 94 participants had filled in questionnaires. Results indicated high levels of alexithymia resulted in increased anxiety, thus a decreased in life satisfaction. However the hypothesis of high alexithymia resulted in high depressive symptoms were not found. Additionally, there were no gender difference in alexithymia level.
Categorization of Sugar Beet Varieties for Water Saving in Sandy Soils Using Factor Analysis Scores
Authors: Abu-Ellail Farrag F. B. , Hussein Eman M. A. , Attafy Tarek M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWater shortage in dry and semi-arid regions is a major agricultural challenge. This study investigated the performance of ten imported monogerm sugar beet varieties under continuous deficiency irrigation using a drip system on a private farm in the Wadi El-Natrun region, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt, during two growing seasons, 2021/2022 and 2022/2023. The study utilized a novel method, a crossbar graph, to effectively visualize statistical data. The results showed significant interaction effects between sugar beet varieties and water deficit levels for all traits, indicating varying responses of the varieties to different levels of drought stress (75% and 55%). Drought stress levels (75% and 55%) had an adverse effect on the root yield of the ten varieties of sugar beet that were investigated. The exploratory factor analysis was applied to investigate and describe the relationship between ten different varieties of sugar beet and water stress treatments. Varieties Symbol, Stikhiyn, Volua, and Klara were characterized as moderate and tolerant with high performance, and they received the highest score in factor analysis. These varieties are recommended for cultivation under moderate and severe stress conditions. Factor analysis scores can be used as selection criteria for sugar beet varieties.
Impact of stent strut link location in proximal balloon edge dilation technique for bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Kume Teruyoshi , Nishi Takeshi , Murasato Yoshinobu , Koto Satoshi , Sasahira Yoshitaka , Okamoto Hiroshi , Yamada Ryotaro , Koyama Terumasa , Tamada Tomoko , Imai Koichiro , Neishi Yoji , Uemura Shiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe single-stent strategy has generally been accepted as the default approach to bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention. We have proposed the proximal balloon edge dilation (PBED) technique to prevent stent deformation during side branch (SB) dilation. This bench study aimed to evaluate the impact of stent link location and stent design on stent deformation, obstruction by stent struts at a jailed SB ostium, and incomplete stent apposition in the proximal optimization technique (POT)-PBED procedure. A coronary bifurcation model was used. We intentionally set the absence or presence of stent link on the carina (link-free or link-connect) under videoscope observation and compared stent parameters between 3- and 2-link stents (n = 5 each, n = 20 total). In the link-free group, the SB jailing rate of 3-link stents was significantly higher than that of 2-link stents (15.5 ± 5.1% vs. 6.6 ± 1.2%, p = 0.009). In the link-connect group, the SB jailing rate of 3-link stents was significantly lower than that of 2-link stents (30.0 ± 4.5% vs. 39.0 ± 2.6%, p = 0.009). In the bifurcation segment, the rate of incomplete stent apposition was significantly lower for 3-link stents of the link-connect group than for 2-link stents of the link-connect group (3.3 ± 4.2% vs. 19.0 ± 7.8%, p = 0.009). For both stent designs, ellipticity ratio was higher for link-connect group than link-free group. Link location as well as stent cell design greatly impacted stent deformation during the POT-PBED procedure.
Graphical abstract
Fairness issues, current approaches, and challenges in machine learning models
Authors: Jui Tonni Das , Rivas Pablo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the increasing influence of machine learning algorithms in decision-making processes, concerns about fairness have gained significant attention. This area now offers significant literature that is complex and hard to penetrate for newcomers to the domain. Thus, a mapping study of articles exploring fairness issues is a valuable tool to provide a general introduction to this field. Our paper presents a systematic approach for exploring existing literature by aligning their discoveries with predetermined inquiries and a comprehensive overview of diverse bias dimensions, encompassing training data bias, model bias, conflicting fairness concepts, and the absence of prediction transparency, as observed across several influential articles. To establish connections between fairness issues and various issue mitigation approaches, we propose a taxonomy of machine learning fairness issues and map the diverse range of approaches scholars developed to address issues. We briefly explain the responsible critical factors behind these issues in a graphical view with a discussion and also highlight the limitations of each approach analyzed in the reviewed articles. Our study leads to a discussion regarding the potential future direction in ML and AI fairness.
Re-embeddings of affine algebras via Gröbner fans of linear ideals
Authors: Kreuzer Martin , Long Le Ngoc , Robbiano Lorenzo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGiven an affine algebra $$R=K[x_1,\dots ,x_n]/I$$

R
=
K
[

x
1

,
⋯
,

x
n

]
/
I

over a field K, where I is an ideal in the polynomial ring $$P=K[x_1,\dots ,x_n]$$

P
=
K
[

x
1

,
⋯
,

x
n

]

, we examine the task of effectively calculating re-embeddings of I, i.e., of presentations $$R=P'/I'$$

R
=

P
′

/

I
′

such that $$P'=K[y_1,\dots ,y_m]$$

P
′

=
K

[

y
1

,
⋯
,

y
m

]

has fewer indeterminates. For cases when the number of indeterminates n is large and Gröbner basis computations are infeasible, we have introduced the method of Z-separating re-embeddings in Kreuzer et al. (J Algebra Appl 21, 2022) and Kreuzer, et al. (São Paulo J Math Sci, 2022). This method tries to detect polynomials of a special shape in I which allow us to eliminate the indeterminates in the tuple Z by a simple substitution process. Here we improve this approach by showing that suitable candidate tuples Z can be found using the Gröbner fan of the linear part of I. Then we describe a method to compute the Gröbner fan of a linear ideal, and we improve this computation in the case of binomial linear ideals using a cotangent equivalence relation. Finally, we apply the improved technique in the case of the defining ideals of border basis schemes.
Synthesis and Characterization of La2O3–BaO–Na2O–SiO2–Bi2O3 Glass as a Potent Shield Against Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Kuluozturk Zehra Nur , Kurtulus Recep , Demir Nilgun , Kavas Taner 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the scientific community has spent significant effort exploring radiation-shielding glass materials. The present work was conducted by synthesizing a glass series of 20La2O–10BaO –15Na2O–(55−x)SiO2–xBi2O3, x: 0, 5, 15, and 25 wt%. After producing the samples, in-depth studies were performed on the physical, optical, thermal, and radiation attenuation properties of the fabricated glass series. A radical color change from nearly neutral to dark-brown color occurred as Bi2O3 entered the glass network. The density values equaled 2.8324, 2.9511, 3.0992, and 3.3657 g cm−3 for LBSS1 to LBSS4 samples, respectively. According to XRD patterns, neither sharp nor moderate peaks developed; a hump-like formation between 20 and 35 degrees was visible in all glass samples. FTIR measurement revealed transmission as a function of varying wavenumber from 4000 to 400 cm−1 for the prepared glass specimens, and different bond types were noted. The UV–Vis technique removes it displayed that increasing Bi2O3 content blocked light transmission throughout the glass medium. The radiation-shielding parameters of linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mass attenuation coefficient, transmission factor, and half value layer were calculated with experimental and MC simulation methods for all glass samples at six different energies between 356 and 1332 keV. The results were compared with the Phy-X database, and good agreement was obtained. The highest LACs were obtained at the lowest energy (356 keV) with values of 0.3108, 0.3455, 0.4471, and 0.5486 cm−1 for LBSS1, LBSS2, LBSS3, and LBSS4 glasses, respectively. The photon attenuation ability of the LBSS glasses increased by increasing the Bi2O3 ratio, especially at low energies. Therefore, the authors can conclude that future applications, such as observation window in CT rooms, may efficiently exploit LBBS4 glass system.