bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the interplay between metabolic power and equivalent distance in training games and official matches in soccer: a machine learning approach
Authors: Manzi Vincenzo , Savoia Cristian , Padua Elvira , Edriss Saeid , Iellamo Ferdinando , Caminiti Giuseppe , Annino Giuseppe 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the interplay between metabolic power (MP) and equivalent distance (ED) and their respective roles in training games (TGs) and official soccer matches. Furthermore, the secondary objective was to investigate the connection between external training load (ETL), determined by the interplay of metabolic power and equivalent distance, and internal training load (ITL) assessed through HR-based methods, serving as a measure of criterion validity.Methods: Twenty-one elite professional male soccer players participated in the study. Players were monitored during 11 months of full training and overall official matches. The study used a dataset of 4269 training games and 380 official matches split into training and test sets. In terms of machine learning methods, the study applied several techniques, including K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Support-Vector Machine classifiers. The dataset was divided into two subsets: a training set used for model training and a test set used for evaluation.Results: Based on metabolic power and equivalent distance, the study successfully employed four machine learning methods to accurately distinguish between the two types of soccer activities: TGs and official matches. The area under the curve (AUC) values ranged from 0.90 to 0.96, demonstrating high discriminatory power, with accuracy levels ranging from 0.89 to 0.98. Furthermore, the significant correlations observed between Edwards’ training load (TL) and TL calculated from metabolic power metrics confirm the validity of these variables in assessing external training load in soccer. The correlation coefficients (r values) ranged from 0.59 to 0.87, all reaching statistical significance at p &lt; 0.001.Discussion: These results underscore the critical importance of investigating the interaction between metabolic power and equivalent distance in soccer. While the overall intensity may appear similar between TGs and official matches, it is evident that underlying factors contributing to this intensity differ significantly. This highlights the necessity for more comprehensive analyses of the specific elements influencing physical effort during these activities. By addressing this fundamental aspect, this study contributes valuable insights to the field of sports science, aiding in the development of tailored training programs and strategies that can optimize player performance and reduce the risk of injuries in elite soccer.
Comparative analysis of chloroplast genome and new insights into phylogenetic relationships of Ajuga and common adulterants
Authors: Shang Mingyue , Wang Jiale , Dai Guona , Zheng Jiamei , Liao Binbin , Wang Jing , Duan Baozhong 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe potential contamination of herbal medicinal products poses a significant concern for consumer health. Given the limited availability of genetic information concerning Ajuga species, it becomes imperative to incorporate supplementary molecular markers to enhance and ensure accurate species identification.MethodsIn this study, the chloroplast (cp) genomes of seven species of the genus Ajuag were sequenced, de novo assembled and characterized.Resultsexhibiting lengths ranging from 150,342 bp to 150,472 bp, encompassing 86 - 88 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 35 - 37 transfer RNA, and eight ribosomal RNA. The repetitive sequences, codon uses, and cp genomes of seven species were highly conserved, and PCGs were the reliable molecular markers for investigating the phylogenetic relationship within the Ajuga genus. Moreover, four mutation hotspot regions (accD-psaI, atpH-atpI, ndhC-trnV(UAC), and ndhF-rpl23) were identified within cp genomes of Ajuga, which could help distinguish A. bracteosa and its contaminants. Based on cp genomes and PCGs, the phylogenetic tree preliminary confirmed the position of Ajuga within the Lamiaceae family. It strongly supported a sister relationship between Subsect. Genevense and Subsect. Biflorae, suggesting the merger of Subsect. Biflorae and Subsect. Genevenses into one group rather than maintaining separate categorizations. Additionally, molecular clock analysis estimated the divergence time of Ajuga to be around 7.78 million years ago.DiscussionThe species authentication, phylogeny, and evolution analyses of the Ajuga species may benefit from the above findings.
Eyes-state-dependent alterations of magnetoencephalographic connectivity associated with delayed recall in Alzheimer’s disease via graph theory approach
Authors: Yuasa Keigo , Hirosawa Tetsu , Soma Daiki , Furutani Naoki , Kameya Masafumi , Sano Masuhiko , Kitamura Koji , Ueda Minehisa , Kikuchi Mitsuru 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory impairment and cognitive decline. Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies using graph theory show altered “Small-Worldness (SW)” properties in AD. This study aimed to investigate whether eye-state-dependent alterations in SW differ between patients with AD and healthy controls, considering the symptoms of AD.MethodsNineteen patients with AD and 24 healthy controls underwent MEG under different conditions (eyes-open [EO] and eyes-closed [EC]) and the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) with delayed recall. After the signal sources were mapped onto the Desikan–Killiany brain atlas, the statistical connectivity of five frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma) was calculated using the phase lag index (PLI), and binary graphs for each frequency band were constructed based on the PLI. Next, we measured SW as a graph metric and evaluated three points: the impact of AD and experimental conditions on SW, the association between SW and delayed recall, and changes in SW across experimental conditions correlated with delayed recall.ResultsSW in the gamma band was significantly lower in patients with AD (z = −2.16, p = 0.031), but the experimental conditions did not exhibit a significant effect in any frequency band. Next, in the AD group, higher scores on delayed recall correlated with diminished SW across delta, alpha, and beta bands in the EO condition. Finally, delayed recall scores significantly predicted relative differences in the SW group in the alpha band (t = −2.98, p = 0.009).DiscussionGiven that network studies could corroborate the results of previous power spectrum studies, our findings contribute to a multifaceted understanding of functional brain networks in AD, emphasizing that the SW properties of these networks change according to disease status, cognitive function, and experimental conditions.
Variations in cognition by human capital characteristics: a cross-sectional analysis of Brazilian older adults
Authors: Vicerra Paolo Miguel Manalang 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe productivity of individuals is assumed to decline upon reaching old age when cognitive ability is considered. This assumption is false, especially if the human development characteristics of people are analyzed, which highlights the need to recognize the heterogeneity among subpopulations.MethodsUsing Wave two of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study on Aging, conducted from 2019 to 2021, this study explored the onset and speed of cognitive aging among older individuals aged at least 60 in Brazil, with reference to their education and income levels.ResultsIt was observed that although higher human capital characteristics yielded results toward later cognitive decline, women benefited more from having higher educational attainment levels. Such a pattern was similar among men and increased income levels. Disparities in cognitive performance, whether from education or income, were greatest at age 60, and this advantage diminished as age progressed.ConclusionViewing the older population as homogeneous in terms of health function is restrictive. It should be recognized that variations in social status affect individuals’ health status into old age and therefore their respective potential for productivity should be maximized.
“Be honest and gain trust”: a population health study to understand the factors associated with building trust in local government related to COVID-19 and vaccination in three historically disinvested neighborhoods in New York City
Authors: Shiman Lauren J. , Diallo Fatoumata , Nieves Christina I. , Brooks Brandon , Dannefer Rachel , Dorvil Sheena , Lejano Maria , Pierre Jennifer 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundDistrust in government among people of color is a response to generations of systemic racism that have produced preventable health inequities. Higher levels of trust in government are associated with better adherence to government guidelines and policies during emergencies, but factors associated with trust and potential actions to increase trust in local government are not well understood.MethodsThe COVID-19 Community Recovery study sampled participants from the New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene’s NYC Health Panel, a probability-based survey panel who complete health surveys periodically. Participants who lived in one of three historically disinvested communities in NYC where the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene has dedicated resources to reduce health inequities were included. The cross-sectional survey was fielded from September 30 to November 4, 2021 and could be self-administered online or conducted via CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing) in English, Spanish, and Simplified Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese by phone). Demographic data were summarized by descriptive statistics. Crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors predictive of trust in local government as a source of information about COVID-19 vaccines. Open-ended responses about strengthening residents’ trust in local government were coded using an iteratively generated codebook.ResultsIn total, 46% of respondents indicated NYC local government was a trusted source of information about COVID-19 vaccines, relatively high compared to other sources. In bivariate analyses, race/ethnicity, age group, educational attainment, length of time living in NYC, and household income were significantly associated with identifying NYC government as a trusted source of information about COVID-19 vaccines. In multivariable logistic regression, no variables remained significant predictors of selecting local government as a trusted source of information. Key recommendations for local government agencies to build residents’ trust include communicating clearly and honestly, addressing socioeconomic challenges, and enhancing public COVID-19 protection measures.ConclusionStudy findings demonstrate that nearly half of residents in three historically divested NYC communities consider local government to be a trusted source of information about COVID-19 vaccines. Strategies to increase trust in local government can help reduce community transmission of COVID-19 and protect public health.
Expression profiles of glucocorticoid-inducible proteins in human papilloma virus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mozaffari Mahmood S. , Abdelsayed Rafik , Emami Sahar , Kavuri Sravan 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionHuman papillomavirus virus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-OPSCC) comprises a significant portion of head and neck cancers. Several glucocorticoid-inducible proteins play important roles in pathogenesis of some cancers but their status and roles in HPV-OPSCC remain elusive; these include the glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), Annexin-A1 and serum glucocorticoid-regulated kinase-1 (SGK-1).MethodsWe determined expression profiles of these proteins, using immunohistochemistry, in archived biopsy samples of patients diagnosed with HPV-OPSCC; samples of non-cancer oral lesions (e.g., hyperkeratosis) were used as controls.ResultsGILZ staining was primarily confined to nuclei of all tissues but, in HPV-OPSCC specimens, neoplastic cells exhibiting mitosis displayed prominent cytoplasmic GILZ expression. On the other hand, nuclear, cytoplasmic and membranous Annexin-A1 staining was observed in suprabasal cell layers of control specimens. A noted feature of the HPV-OPSCC specimens was few clusters of matured and differentiated nonbasaloid cells that showed prominent nuclear and cytoplasmic Annexin-A1 staining while the remainder of the tumor mass was devoid of staining. Cytoplasmic and nuclear staining for SGK-1 was prominent for control than PV-OPSCC specimens while staining for phosphorylated SGK-1 (pSGK-1; active) was prominent for cell membrane and cytoplasm of control specimens but HPV-OPSCC specimens showed mild and patchy nuclear and cytoplasmic staining. Semi-quantitative analysis of GILZ immunostaining indicated increased staining area but similar normalized staining for HPV-OPSCC compared to control specimens. By contrast, staining area and normalized staining were reduced for other proteins in HPV-OPSCC than control specimens.DiscussionOur collective observations suggest differential cellular localization and expression of glucocorticoid-inducible proteins in HPV-OPSCC suggestive of different functional roles in pathogenesis of this condition.
Treatment-seeking behaviour among infertile tribal women of Palghar district in India
Authors: Jadhav Arvind Santu , Govil Dipti 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe tribal culture views health care practices differently from the mainstream. Infertile tribal women practice treatment-seeking behaviour that reflects the community's cultural access to and availability of treatment as well as customs to meet their health care needs. In the environment of rising awareness of infertility and numerous treatment options, this study aims to highlight the infertility treatment-seeking behaviour of tribal communities.Data and methodsThe study employed a mix methods approach to collect data from 153 tribal couples suffering with infertility (interview schedule) and the community (in-depth interviews—14 and focus group discussions—12). The data was analyzed using Stata 13.0, and NVivo 10. Results of the quantitative data were triangulated with qualitative data for writing.ResultsMany treatment options were available for infertility in the community. Generally, traditional healers (98.7%) were preferred over modern healthcare practitioners (35%). Community members usually guided infertile couples for choosing providers. Treatment practices were very different among primary infertile women than sub-fertile. Women frequently discontinued treatment and switched between providers because of unaffordability, poor connectivity, distance, travel time, time constraints, and non-supportive circumstances. The couples were advised to consume herbs, and eat or avoid certain food items, were given massage, burns on the abdomen (dagani), removed black blood (phasani) and other various rituals to appease spirits, get rid of ghosts while offering animal sacrifice, and conducting shidwa ritual. The mean expenditure on treatment was INR 18,374. If treatment did not yield any result, couple resorted to add another wife, divorce, accept childlessness and foster a child.ConclusionLocal authorities should strive to work towards the socio-economic development of the tribal communities and provide good healthcare services at their doorstep. The infertility problem needs to be understood in the context of poverty, tribal beliefs, and unequal access to healthcare resources.
Therapeutic evaluation and analysis of complications of ethanol sclerotherapy for intramuscular vascular malformations: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Jin Cai-Jun , Wang Qian , Wang Min , Chen Yong , Yuan Si-Ming 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundIntramuscular venous malformations (IMVMs) can cause pain and contracture deformity, leading to dysfunction of limbs. Ethanol sclerotherapy is one of the main treatments for IMVMs. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and the complications associated with intravascular ethanol sclerotherapy for IMVMs and to provide a comprehensive summary of clinical experiences for future reference.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 118 patients diagnosed with IMVMs who were treated with ethanol sclerotherapy in our center between 2006 and 2021. The plastic surgeons utilized a standardized collection pro forma to record the clinical data. Furthermore, a follow-up period ranging from 6 months to 5 years was implemented to assess the relief of symptoms, the change of lesion size, and the recovery of functional outcomes. In addition, an analysis of long-term complications was conducted.ResultsThe clinical symptoms of the patients in this group included pain, swelling, and limited movement. On average, 5.61 mL (range 2–14 mL) of ethanol was used during the sclerotherapy procedure. The intraoperative and early postoperative complications were successfully relieved by means of timely intervention, as observed during the follow-up period. Based on the MRI results, the sizes of the lesions in 19% of the cases were significantly decreased, while a slight decrease was observed in 39% of the cases. During the follow-up period, it was found that only eight out of the 118 patients included in this study experienced long-term complications related to sclerotherapy.ConclusionsAlthough ethanol sclerotherapy has proven to be an effective first-line treatment for IMVMs, it is associated with a variety of adverse reactions and short- and long-term complications. Surgeons are required to perform operations prudently and provide timely medical intervention for postoperative complications.
The Effect of Family Wealth on Physical Function Among Older Adults in Mpumalanga, South Africa: A Causal Network Analysis
Authors: Makofane Keletso , Berkman Lisa F. , Bassett Mary T. , Tchetgen Tchetgen Eric J. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives: The aging of the South African population could have profound implications for the independence and overall quality of life of older adults as life expectancy increases. While there is evidence that lifetime socio-economic status shapes risks for later function and disability, it is unclear whether, and how, the wealth of family members shapes these outcomes. We investigated the relationship between outcomes activities of daily living (ADL), grip strength, and gait speed, and the household wealth of non-coresident family members.Methods: Using data from Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) and the Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance System (AHDSS), we examined the relationship between physical function and household and family wealth in the 13 preceding years. HAALSI is a cohort of 5,059 adults who were 40 years or older at baseline in 2014. Using auto-g-computation—a recently proposed statistical approach to quantify causal effects in the context of a network of interconnected units—we estimated the effect of own and family wealth on the outcomes of interest.Results: We found no evidence of effects of family wealth on physical function and disability.Conclusion: Further research is needed to assess the effect of family wealth in early life on physical function and disability outcomes.
Workload and GP burnout: a survey and register-based study in Danish general practice
Authors: Ibsen Bruun Astrid , Vedsted Peter , Pedersen Henrik Schou , Pedersen Anette Fischer 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundBurnout is common among GPs. Previous studies have indicated an association between high workload and burnout among doctors.AimTo assess the risk of burnout among single-handed GPs in Denmark in relation to self-reported and register-based workload.Design & settingQuestionnaire data from 312 Danish single-handed GPs and register data on their patients and provided services.MethodBurnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). A composite burnout score of quartile points was calculated. The questionnaire provided information on working hours. Register data included number of services and patient list size. Association between composite burnout score and workload was estimated with binomial regression analyses adjusting for the GP’s age and sex, and social deprivation score of their patient lists.ResultsWorking >5 days a week in practice increased the risk of a high burnout score (adjusted risk ratio [RR] = 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.62 to 3.37). Spending >7.5 hours a day on patient-related tasks increased the risk of a high burnout score. The highest score was among GPs spending 8.5–9.5 hours a day on patient-related tasks (adjusted RR = 2.01, 95% CI = 0.90 to 4.51), although not statistically significant. There was no association between number of services and risk of burnout.ConclusionWorking 5 days a week in practice significantly increased the risk of burnout in Danish single-handed GPs. Spending >7.5 hours a day on patient-related tasks tended to increase the risk. We found no association between a high number of services and increased risk of burnout.
Achados neurológicos em estudos de imagem e achados clínicos: revisão de literatura
Authors: Almeida Santos de Santana Gabriella , Garcia de Carvalho Laguna Gabriela , Da Mota Carneiro Caroline , Alves Fernandes Larissa , Alves de Souza Assis Gabriela , Da Silva Oliveira Patrícia 
Published: October 2023

Introdução. A Síndrome de Rett é um distúrbio raro de neurodesenvolvimento, que se caracteriza por perda de habilidades, manifestando-se entre os 6 e 18 meses de idade. O diagnóstico é clínico, mas exames de imagem facilitam diagnósticos diferenciais, determinação prognóstica e direcionamento do tratamento. Objetivo. Avaliar a relação entre os principais achados neurológicos em exames de imagem de pacientes com síndrome de Rett e os achados clínicos. Método. Revisão da literatura com dados foram obtidos a partir das bases de dados PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane e Web of Science, por artigos em português ou inglês, publicados entre 2011-2020, a partir dos descritores "Rett, ressonância" e "Rett, tomografia," combinados com "Rett Syndrome". Os 100 artigos localizados foram triados de acordo com critérios de exclusão: idioma, período, artigo de revisão, em modelos experimentais, que não abordassem dados do sistema nervoso, sem confirmação de Síndrome de Rett com mutação em MECP2 e/ou que não respondessem aos objetivos da pesquisa; e 6 artigos foram selecionados. Resultados. Os principais achados neurológicos nos exames de imagem foram hipotrofia cerebral e anisotropia fracionada. Os sinais e sintomas mais recorrentes foram deterioração da função motora, perda da função verbal e tônus muscular anormal. A análise demonstrou que os sintomas mais recorrentes podem ser atribuídos, pelo menos em parte, a alterações neurobiológicas. Conclusão. Esta revisão contribui para a compreensão da relação entre sintomas clínicos e achados em exames de imagem de pacientes com Síndrome de Rett, entretanto, considerando a pequena amostra localizada, são importantes novas pesquisas relacionadas ao tema.