bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of lumbar spine radiography in the outcomes of patients with simple acute low back pain
Authors: DJAIS Nursamsu , KALIM Handono 
Published: May 2005

AbstractObjectives:  To test the hypothesis that radiography of the lumbar spine in patients with simple acute low back pain (LBP) is not associated with improved patient outcomes.Methods:  A small randomized unblinded controlled trial in patients with simple acute low back pain with duration of less than 12 weeks. This study was held in the outpatient Department of Rheumatology, Dr Saiful Anwar Hospital from May to September 2003. Intervention was usual care with lumbar spine radiography versus usual care without lumbar spine radiography. The outcome measures are Roland score, visual analogue scale for pain, EuroQol‐5 dimensions including the health status scale, at 3‐weeks after treatment. Statistical analysis with Mann–Whitney U‐test, χ2 test or Fisher's exact test with odds ratio. Analysis were performed using SPSS V. 10.0 for Windows.Results:  During the 5 months of the study, 101 patients with LBP fulfilled the criteria of study presented at the Dr Saiful Anwar Hospital. Of the 101 patients, 75.2% patients completed the study. The intervention group significantly had a lower overall health status scale [70 (50, 80) vs. (80 (70, 90); Z = −2.28; P = 0.02] and slightly higher Roland and pain scores, [6.5 (2, 10) vs. 4.5 (2, 7); Z = −1.17; P = 0.25] and [4 (2, 6) vs. 3 (2, 5); Z = −1.82; P = 0.07], respectively.Conclusions:  Radiography of the lumbar spine in patients with simple acute low back pain is not associated with improved patient functioning or severity of pain. Indeed, the overall health status of those who had a lumbar spine X‐ray appeared to be worse than those who did not.
Idiopathic Jaccoud's arthropathy
Authors: SIVAS Filiz , AYDOǦ Şükrü , PEKIN Yasemin , ÖZORAN Kürşat 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe describe a patient who developed Jaccoud's type arthropathy without other prior rheumatic disease. Our patient's hand deformities were first noticed by chance at the age of 15 and gradually progressed over the next 4 years. We believe that after eliminating secondary causes, establishing a diagnosis of primary Jaccoud's arthropathy will prevent misdiagnoses and unnecessary treatment.
Successful treatment of two cases of resistant acquired angioedema
Authors: KAPLAN Mustafa , SAHAN Burak , OZMEN Namik , SOLMAZGUL Emrullah , SUNGUN Mutasim , NALBANT Selim 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAngioedema has different causes and different clinical presentations that has two forms: acquired angioedema (types I and II) and hereditary angioedema. However, acquired angioedema type‐II is a very rare disorder and there is no significant treatment. So, in this paper, we propose to report the successful use of combination therapy of deflazacort and danazol for two such cases.
Outcomes of pregnancy complicated by thyroid disease
Authors: HARBORNE Lyndal R. , ALEXANDER Claire E. , THOMSON Andrew J. , O'REILLY Denis St J. , GREER Ian A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAims: To perform a case note review of pregnancies complicated by thyroid dysfunction to determine management and therapeutic intervention in relation to pregnancy outcome.Methods: A retrospective case note analysis of 81 ongoing pregnancies in 70 pregnant women with a history of thyroid dysfunction over a period of 5 years at the Glasgow Royal Maternity Hospital (GRMH), Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom. The results of thyroid function tests and whether a change in treatment was instituted were recorded. Thyroid function was assessed by standard laboratory reference ranges for free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in all trimesters. Other parameters were also noted.Results: Medication levels needed to be increased in the hypothyroid group (45%), and decreased (38%) in the hyperthyroid group.Conclusion: Pregnancy outcome was good in majority of cases given appropriate replacement therapy for stated reference values.
Paravaginal defects: a comparison of clinical examination and 2D/3D ultrasound imaging
Authors: DIETZ Hans Peter , PANG Selina , KORDA Andrew , BENNESS Christopher 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackground: Paravaginal defects are often assumed to be the underlying anatomical abnormality in anterior compartment descent. Neither clinical examination nor ultrasound assessment are generally accepted diagnostic modalities.Aims: To compare clinical examination and translabial 3D ultrasound in the detection of such defects.Methods: Fifty‐nine women without previous prolapse or incontinence surgery were seen prospectively. Clinical and ultrasound assessments were carried out in blinded fashion. 3D translabial ultrasound was undertaken after voiding and supine. Volumes were acquired at rest, on Valsalva and on levator contraction. Loss of paravaginal support (‘tenting’) in the axial plane was taken to signify paravaginal defects.Results: Paravaginal defects were reported clinically in 14 cases on the left (24%), 19 times on the right (32%). Two 3D ultrasound examinations did not yield satisfactory volumes, leaving 57 for analysis. Neither midsagittal nor coronal views yielded data that correlated with clinical assessments. In the axial plane there was absence of tenting at rest in 32/57 (57%) patients, but this did not correlate with clinical findings. Loss of tenting on Valsalva was observed less often (21/57, 37%) and was weakly associated with clinically observed lateral defects (P = 0.036).Conclusions: Pelvic floor ultrasound in midsagittal, axial or coronal planes does not correlate well with clinical assessment for paravaginal defects. This could be due to poor clinical assessment technique or limitations of the ultrasound method. On the other hand, paravaginal defects may be uncommon or clinically irrelevant. On present knowledge, the paravaginal defect has to be regarded as an unproven concept.
Transperineal versus transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation of the cervix at each trimester in normal pregnant women
Authors: OZDEMIR Ismail , DEMIRCI Fuat , YUCEL Oguz 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAims: To compare transvaginal and transperineal ultrasonography in the assessment of cervical length and cervical changes in normal gravid patients at each trimester.Methods: Transperineal and transvaginal ultrasonographic cervical length was measured on 104 asymptomatic pregnant women between 10 and 14, 20–24, and 30–34 weeks’ gestation and the presence of a funnel was also noted. The study used the McNemar χ2 test to assess the difference between two methods in their ability to obtain a measurement, and the Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the relationship between the paired transperineal and transvaginal cervical lengths.Results: Cervical length measurements were obtained by transvaginal ultrasonography in all 104 patients and by transperineal ultrasonography in 101 patients (97.1%) (P = 0.1). By gestational age, the greatest length discrepancy (2.8 mm) between the two ultrasonographic methods was found at 10–14 weeks (P < 0.001). At 20–24 and 30–34 weeks’ gestation, the mean length differences were less than 1 mm (P < 0.01 and P = 0.337, respectively). Cervical funnelling was observed in 16 patients by both methods, whereas in two patients from the 20–24 week gestational age group, funnelling was observed by transvaginal ultrasonography and not by transperineal ultrasonography.Conclusions: Cervical length measurements by transperineal ultrasonography show good correlation with transvaginal ultrasonographic measurements and it is a satisfactory alternative to a transvaginal evaluation of the cervix throughout pregnancy.
Bowel, bladder and sexual function in women undergoing laparoscopic posterior compartment repair in the presence of apical or anterior compartment dysfunction
Authors: THORNTON Michelle J. , LAM Alan , KING Denis W. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractObjective: The aim of the study was to analyse the functional outcome of women undergoing a laparoscopic posterior compartment repair in the presence of anterior or apical compartment dysfunction.Design: Prospective cohort study.Methods: Forty women, median age 65 years (41–78), with symptoms of genital prolapse 31 (78%), urinary dysfunction 32 (80%) and bowel dysfunction 40 (100%), underwent laparoscopic posterior compartment repair in conjunction with an anterior compartment repair. Pre‐operative and postoperative bowel and bladder function was prospectively assessed with a Wexner continence score, Vienna constipation score and a urinary dysfunction score. Twenty‐eight (70%) and 24 patients (60%) had pre‐operative urodynamics and anorectal manometry. Post‐operatively all women were also assessed with a Watt's sexual dysfunction score and a linear analogue patient satisfaction score. Twelve women (30%) had postoperative anal manometry.Results: At 20 months median follow‐up, 30 (97%), 20 (62%) and 12 (31%) women reported improvement in their prolapse, urinary and bowel symptoms, respectively. Post‐operatively, one woman reported denovo faecal incontinence, four worsening obstructive defecation and three denovo urinary dysfunction. Nine women (35%) reported denovo dyspareunia. The mean time to clinical deterioration following surgery was 11 months. Bowel function improvement was the only factor to significantly correlate with postoperative patient satisfaction.Conclusion: The functional outcome of laparoscopic posterior compartment repair in the presence of anterior compartment dysfunction is disappointing. Preoperative counselling is important to ensure that patients have reasonable and realistic expectations from repair surgery, and an understanding that anatomical improvement might not be followed by long‐term functional improvement.
Antenatal antecedents of moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy in term infants – a regional review
Authors: WEST Claire R. , CURR Liz , BATTIN Malcolm R. , HARDING Jane E. , MCCOWAN Lesley M. , BELGRAVE Sue , KNIGHT David B. , WESTGATE Jenny A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackground: Regional audits of term infants with neonatal encephalopathy (NE) provide an opportunity to examine issues related to causation and quality of care.Aim: To document antenatal and intrapartum antecedents in a contemporary cohort of term infants with moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy.Methods: Term infants admitted with moderate‐severe neonatal encephalopathy over 4 years were identified. The clinical records were reviewed for information about the pregnancy and birth including interpretation of monitoring and subsequent management of the labour and delivery.Results: Fifty‐two maternal records were reviewed. No mothers were diabetic or had gestations > 42 weeks, but 17% of the babies were small for gestational age (SGA). The cohort had evidence of antenatal hypoxia in 15%, a sentinel event in 25% and suboptimal fetal monitoring practice in at least 42% of cases.Conclusions: Peripartum events were the major contributors to neurological damage in infants with neonatal encephalopathy. Suboptimal fetal monitoring practice and sentinel events remain the most common contributors. Ongoing education and training to address these issues should be available to all involved with intrapartum care in New Zealand.
Presenting symptoms of epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: LATAIFEH Isam , MARSDEN Donald E. , ROBERTSON Greg , GEBSKI Val , HACKER Neville F. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractObjectives: Epithelial ovarian cancer is a common disease with a high mortality, the latter being frequently attributed to late diagnosis due to failure to recognise symptoms of early disease. This study was designed to determine any differences in symptomatology between patients with early and advanced stage disease.Design: A retrospective cohort study of 100 patients with stage 1 disease and 100 with stage 3 disease. Ten consecutive patients with stage 1 disease and 10 with stage 3 disease were identified from the database of patients treated each year from 1990 to 1999.Setting: A tertiary referral centre for gynecological malignancy.Outcome measures: The nature and duration of symptoms, age at presentation, and the size, histologic type and grade of tumour were determined by chart review, and the findings compared using logistic regression analysis.Results: Ninety percent of women with early, and 100% with advanced disease reported at least one symptom. With early disease, abdominal pain was reported by 51% and abdominal swelling by 32%, and with advanced disease abdominal swelling by 62% and abdominal pain by 44%. Seventy percent of the early stage and 69% of the advanced stage cohorts reported symptoms of less than 3 months duration. Tumours less than 5 cm diameter were three times more likely to have advanced disease (P = 0.02). Grade 1 tumours were 40 times more likely to be early stage than grade 3 tumours. Serous tumours occurred in 25% of patients with early disease, and 45% with advanced disease (P = 0.01).Conclusion: Patients with early stage ovarian cancer are likely to be younger and to have larger, better differentiated tumours that are more often non‐serous histologically. Advanced disease is not invariably due to delayed diagnosis.
Comparison of a self‐administered tampon ThinPrep test with conventional pap smears for cervical cytology
Authors: BUDGE Mardi , HALFORD Jenny , HARAN Mano , MEIN Jacki , WRIGHT Gordon 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAim: To assess a self‐administered tampon specimen as an alternative method of detecting cytological abnormalities and its acceptability in comparison with a conventional Papanicolou (pap) smear.Design: Comparative observational study.Setting/population: Two hundred and seventeen women were recruited from the colposcopy clinic of an outer urban public teaching hospital and from sexual health clinics at suburban and major metropolitan hospital clinics.Methods: Participants inserted and immediately withdrew a tampon, then placed it into a vial of ThinPrep PreservCyt fluid. This was analysed by a local private pathology laboratory. Results were compared to a pap smear performed the same day or within the previous 6 months. All women with an abnormal result (tampon or pap smear) underwent a colposcopy, with or without biopsy as necessary. Participants completed a questionnaire after performing the tampon test.Outcome measures: Probabilities of tampon test detecting (i) a high grade abnormality (pHG), (ii) any cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) changes (pCINany), and (iii) any abnormalities (pabn) compared to the conventional pap smear and, if abnormal, compared to the biopsy taken at colposcopy. Acceptability of the tampon test and conventional pap smear were also measured.Results: Probabilities of the tampon test compared to pap smear: pabn sensitivity 33%, specificity 89%, PPV 59%, NPV 73%; pCINany sensitivity 23%, specificity 97%, PPV 71%, NPV 79%; pHG sensitivity 19%, specificity 98%, PPV 63%, NPV 89%. Acceptability for tampon test was 91.21% and for pap smear, 45.85%.Conclusions: Although the self‐administered tampon ThinPrep method is a poor detector of cervical abnormalities compared to pap smear, it is highly acceptable to women. It has a relatively good negative predictive value (NPV). Our study suggests that if a more acceptable, sensitive method of cervical screening was found, which removed some of the existing barriers to conventional pap testing, screening rates for cervical cancer may improve.
Physiotherapy for female stress urinary incontinence: a multicentre observational study
Authors: NEUMANN Patricia B. , GRIMMER Karen A. , GRANT Ruth E. , GILL Virginia A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackground: No previous data are available on the effectiveness of physiotherapy management of urinary stress incontinence with relevance to the Australian health system.Aims: To evaluate Australian ambulatory physiotherapy management of stress urinary incontinence.Methods: Observational multicentre clinical study of physiotherapy management of female stress urinary incontinence between February 1999 and October 2000, with 1‐year follow‐up. Outcome measures were a stress test and a 7‐day diary of incontinent episodes (pretreatment and at every visit) and a condition‐specific quality of life (QoL) questionnaire (pre‐ and post‐treatment). Subjects were followed‐up 1 year after treatment by questionnaire with a 7‐day diary, QoL questionnaire, and assessment of subjective outcome, subjective cure, satisfaction and need for surgery.Results: Of the 274 consenting subjects, 208 completed an episode of physiotherapy care consisting of a median (IQ range) of five (four to six) visits. At the end of the episode, 84% were cured and 9% improved on stress testing, whilst 53% were cured and 25% improved according to the 7‐day diary. Mean volume of urine loss on stress testing reduced from 2.4 (2.5) mL to 0.1(0.4) mL after treatment. There was a significant improvement in all QoL domains. Median (interquartile range) incontinent episodes per week were reduced from five (three to 11) to zero (zero to two) (P < 0.05) after treatment and to one (zero to four) at 1 year (P < 0.05). At 1 year, approximately 80% of respondents had positive outcomes on all outcome measures.Conclusions: Physiotherapy management in Australian clinical settings is an effective treatment option for women with stress urinary incontinence.
Primary postpartum haemorrhage in an Australian tertiary hospital: a case‐control study
Authors: HENRY Amanda , BIRCH Mary‐Rose , SULLIVAN Elizabeth A. , KATZ Sue , WANG Yueping Alex 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe present study aimed to determine the incidence of primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) after vaginal birth at an Australian tertiary hospital, and to investigate risk factors for primary PPH at this hospital. A case‐control study of women delivering vaginally at a tertiary hospital from February to June 2003 was performed. Demographic, antenatal, intrapartum, treatment and outcome data were abstracted from patient records. The study population comprised 125 cases and 125 controls, with a primary PPH rate of 12.1 per 100 vaginal births. Risk factors on multivariate analysis were past history of PPH, second stage labour > 60 min, forceps delivery, and incomplete placenta/ragged membranes.
Use of urethral plugs for urinary incontinence following fistula repair
Authors: GOH Judith TW , BROWNING Andrew 
Published: May 2005

AstractA common complication following anatomical closure of obstetric genito‐urinary fistula is urinary incontinence. Management is often suboptimal with lack of urodynamic equipment in most fistula centres in developing countries. Surgical interventions have been described with varying success. The aim of this paper is to describe the use of urethral plugs as an alternative management for women with postfistula incontinence, in a developing country. A pilot study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of the urethral plugs in these women. The use of urethral plugs appear to be an effective short‐term management of women with postfistula incontinence, with minimal complications. Longer follow‐up and in larger numbers are required.
Pregnancy and the Rastelli operation
Authors: RADFORD Dorothy J. , STAFFORD Gregory 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackground: The aim of surgical correction of congenital heart disease is for the patient to live a relatively normal life, including potential pregnancy and childbirth. The Rastelli repair operation using a valved conduit for certain complex congenital heart lesions has resulted in survival into adult life.Aims: We reviewed reproductive outcome of 22 women over 18 years of age who were survivors of the Rastelli operation performed between 1977 and 1999.Results: Six women had a total of 12 pregnancies with six live births. Three women, with complex transposition of the great arteries, developed more severe subaortic obstruction during pregnancy. All required further heart surgery. Delivery was by Caesarean section in three patients and vaginally in the other three. All infants were healthy and free from defects. Two women had tubal ligations because of their cardiac problems.Conclusions: Women who have had Rastelli repair operation for complex congenital heart disease can have successful pregnancies. Subaortic stenosis can become a problem and should ideally be eliminated before pregnancy. Because of multiple operations, complications and genetic concerns, some women choose not to reproduce. Careful cardiac evaluation before, during and after pregnancy is essential.
Classification of Daily and Near‐Daily Headaches: Proposed Revisions to the IHS Criteria
Authors: Silberstein Stephen D. , Lipton Richard B. , Solomon Seymour , Mathew Ninan T. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe International Headache Society (IHS) headache classification, while a major advance, does not adequately classify the daily and near‐daily headache disorders known as chronic daily headache (CDH). We believe that chronic daily headache is a group of disorders which includes chronic tension‐type headache (CTTH), transformed migraine (TM), new daily persistent headache (NDPH), and hemicrania continua (HC). We propose specific criteria for transformed migraine, new daily persistent headache, and hemicrania continua, and have modified the criteria for chronic tension‐type headache.
Visceral Pain Threshold is Deeply Lowered Far From the Head in Migraine
Authors: Nicolodi Maria , Sicuteri Riccardo , Coppola Giulio , Greco Enzo , Pietrini Umberto , Sicuteri Federigo 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA short‐lasting over‐distension of the hand‐forearm veins, obtained through a non‐invasive original maneuver (Hand Arm Vein Distension test) induces local pain when applied to mi‐graine sufferers in inter‐critical period. Conversely, subjects with an absolutely negative personal and family history for any type of idiopathic headache do not report any pain or only an uncertain, slight one.The injection of 1 mL of 2% to 8% (i.e. 0.34 mol/L to 1.36 mol/L) hypertonic saline into the antecubital vein during an extemporary short 1 minute) circulatory blockage (ischemia induced to guarantee a strictly local action of the chemical stimulus) provokes moderate, strong or unbearable local (arm vein) pain in migraine sufferers but not in subjects with a personal and family history absolutely free from any type of headache. These results show for the first time that migraineurs show a proneness to visceral pain in viscera (veins) distant from the head (arm‐hand). Such finding is consistent with the theory that migraine pain is due to a central derangement of the viscerosensory system.
Chronic Paroxysmal Hemicrania and Hemicrania Continua: Orbital Phlebography and MRI Studies
Authors: Antonaci Fabio 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISSix patients with chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH) and 10 patients with hemicrania continua (HC), two indomethacin‐responsive, unilateral, headache syndromes, were investigated with orbital phlebography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Orbital phlebography apparently showed pathological findings more frequently in CPH than in HC. Such abnormalities did not always show preference for the side of headache. MR scans were grossly normal in these headaches.