bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geoarchaeological investigations of the “potters' quarter” at Sagalassos, southwest Turkey
Authors: Degryse P. , Poblome J. , Donners K. , Deckers J. , Waelkens M. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe potters' quarter of the ancient city of Sagalassos, southwest Turkey, was one of the largest and most enduring ceramic‐producing manufactories in the eastern Mediterranean. The objective of our study was to determine environmental circumstances that favored development of different clay resources in the territory of Sagalassos and to assess utilization of these resources in the local pottery manufactory. The potters' quarter was established where, owing to favorable geological circumstances, a large clay body had developed. The bedrock in the potters' quarter, a tectonized ophiolite sequence, has synclinal structure; hence, surface runoff and groundwater tend to accumulate in its center. The weathering of the basic rock formed a smectite‐rich clay with vertic properties. This clay was mined in antiquity, and mineralogical and chemical analyses indicate that it was used for the production of local ceramics from Hellenistic to Byzantine times. It is likely that colluvium on top of the ophiolitic clay at the potters' quarter is related to deforestation and slope processes after the potters' quarter was abandoned. In sum, environmental circumstances determined the location of the artisanal quarter of Sagalassos, with its clay quarrying operation and ceramic manufactory. However, for the local mass‐produced Sagalassos red slip ware, the results of our chemical and mineralogical analyses indicate that a different, more suitable clay was used: detrital lake sediments, rich in chlorite and chlorite/smectite mixed layers, located about 8 km from the original artisanal quarter. The choice for this clay was determined both by the presence of a suitable clay deposit, as well as socio‐economic circumstances such as land ownership. The site of Sagalassos yielded unique evidence of mining of clay at a ceramic production site, as well as import of nearby clays. The local and imported clays were used side‐by‐side, but one for the production of common wares and building ceramics, and the other for the manufacturing of luxury fine tablewares. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Resistance of IAPs to methylation reprogramming may provide a mechanism for epigenetic inheritance in the mouse
Authors: Lane Natasha , Dean Wendy , Erhardt Sylvia , Hajkova Petra , Surani Azim , Walter Jörn , Reik Wolf 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSummary: Genome‐wide epigenetic reprogramming by demethylation occurs in early mouse embryos and primordial germ cells. In early embryos many single‐copy sequences become demethylated both by active and passive demethylation, whereas imprinted gene methylation remains unaffected. In primordial germ cells single‐copy and imprinted sequences are demethylated, presumably by active demethylation. Here we investigated systematically by bisulphite sequencing the methylation profiles of IAP and Line1 repeated sequence families during preimplantation and primordial germ cell development. Whereas Line1 elements were substantially demethylated during both developmental periods, IAP elements were largely resistant to demethylation, particularly during preimplantation development. This may be desirable in order to prevent IAP retrotransposition, which could cause mutations. In turn, this can result in the transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic states of IAPs, which could lead to heritable epimutations of neighbouring genes through influencing their transcriptional states. genesis 35:88–93, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Odontoblast‐specific expression of cre recombinase successfully deletes gene segments flanked by loxp sites in mouse teeth
Authors: Sreenath T.L. , Cho A. , Thyagarajan T. , Kulkarni A.B. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSummary: Embryonic or neonatal lethality of mice with targeted disruption of critical genes preclude them from further characterization of specific roles of these genes during postnatal development and aging. In order to study the molecular roles of such genes in teeth, we generated transgenic mouse lines expressing bacteriophage Cre recombinase under the control of the mouse dentin sialophosphoprotein (dspp) gene promoter. The expression of Cre recombinase protein was mainly detected in the nucleus of the odontoblasts. The efficiency of Cre activity was analyzed by crossing the Dspp‐Cre mice with ROSA26 reporter (R26R) mice. The offspring with both genotypes have shown specific deletion of intervening sequences flanked by loxP sites upstream of the reporter gene, thereby facilitating the expression of the β‐galactosidase (β‐gal) gene in the teeth. The activity of β‐gal was initially observed in the odontoblasts of 1‐day‐old mice and increased with tooth development. Almost all of the odontoblasts have shown lacZ activity by 3 weeks of age. We could not detect Cre recombinase activity in any other cells, including ameloblasts. These studies indicate that the Dspp‐Cre transgenic mice will be valuable to generate odontoblast‐specific gene knockout mice so as to gain insight into the molecular roles of critical genes in the odontoblasts during dentinogenesis. genesis 35:94–99, 2003. Published; 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of scfv antibodies in xenopus embryos to disrupt protein function: Implications for large‐scale evaluation of the embryonic proteome
Authors: Abler Lisa L. , Sheets Michael D. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSummary: We evaluated the use of single‐chain antibody (scFv) expression as a tool to disrupt the function of specific proteins in embryos of the frog, Xenopus laevis. The expression of scFvs that recognize the bone morphogenetic protein receptor (ALK3) or the fibroblast growth factor receptor1 (FGFR1) as endoplasmic reticulum‐anchored proteins caused distinct developmental defects that were virtually indistinguishable from the defects caused by expression of the dominant negative forms of each receptor. These results demonstrate that scFvs from phage‐display libraries can be readily fashioned into effective and specific inhibitors of signaling pathways in developing embryos. In addition, as several effective scFvs against a specific target can be isolated rapidly, this approach represents a valuable new tool for large‐scale functional analysis of the embryonic proteome. genesis 35:107–113, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Overlapping deletions define novel embryonic lethal loci in the mouse t complex
Authors: Chao Hanna H. J. , Mentzer Sarah E. , Schimenti John C. , You Yun 
Published: January 2003

AbstractSummary: The t complex region of mouse chromosome 17 contains genetic information critical for embryonic development. To identify and map loci required for normal embryogenesis, a set of overlapping deletions (D17Aus9df10J, D17Aus9df12J, and D17Aus9df13J) surrounding the D17Aus9 locus and one encompassing the T locus, Del(17)T7J, were bred in various combinations and the consequences of nullizygosity in overlapping regions were examined. The results indicated that there are at least two functional units within 1 cM of D17Aus9. l17J1 is a peri‐implantation lethal mutation within the region deleted in D17Aus9df13J, whereas l17J2 is a later‐acting lethal defined by the region of overlap between Del(17)T7J and D17Aus9df12J. Del(17)T7J/D17Aus9df12J embryos die around 10.5 dpc. The development of the mutant embryos is characterized by lack of axial rotation, an abnormal notochord structure, and a ballooning pericardium. These studies demonstrate the value of overlapping deletion complexes, as opposed to individual deletion complexes, for the identification, mapping, and analysis of genes required for embryonic development. genesis 35:133–142, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Do indicators of financial crises work? An evaluation of an early warning system
Authors: Edison Hali J. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe object of this paper is to develop an operational early warning system (EWS) that can detect financial crises. To achieve this goal the paper analyses and extends the early warning system developed by Kaminsky, Lizondo and Reinhart (1998) and Kaminsky and Reinhart (1999) that is based on the ‘signal’ approach. This system monitors several indicators that tend to exhibit an unusual behaviour in the periods preceding a crisis. When an indicator exceeds (or falls below) a threshold, then it is said to issue a ‘signal’ that a currency crisis may occur within a given period. The model does a fairly good job of anticipating some of the crises in 1997/1998, but several weaknesses to the approach are identified. The paper also evaluates how this system can be applied to an individual country. On balance, the results in this paper are mixed, but the results suggest that an early warning system should be thought of as a useful diagnostic tool. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The net barter terms of trade: A smooth transition approach
Authors: Persson Anna , Teräsvirta Timo 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThis paper analyses the net barter terms of trade measured by the primary commodity price index relative to the indexes of unit values of export of manufactures from industrial countries. The starting point is that the series is stationary but possibly non‐linear. Statistical tests indicate that the logarithmed series is non‐linear and we estimate a Smooth Transition Autoregressive model to describe the process. The dynamics of the model are illustrated by use of parametrically estimated local spectra and generalized impulse response functions. Our model encompasses models from several previous studies, and our conclusion is that the starting point very much decides the outcome. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monetary policy's effects during the financial crises in Brazil and Korea
Authors: Goodhart Charles , Mahadeva Lavan , Spicer John 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThis paper looks at the effect of monetary policy changes on asset prices in the foreign exchange and equity markets of Brazil and Korea. We were searching for evidence whether monetary policy tightening may have had (adverse) counterproductive effects on such asset markets. In common with other authors we find only weak or sporadic evidence for this hypothesis. Using a theoretical model of financial market imperfections, we show that the failure to find monetary policy effectiveness during a crisis can come about not only because of the endogeneity caused by a ‘leaning against the wind’ policy reaction but also, independently, if there are large and correlated risk premia in the financial markets in which interest rates and determined. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
E‐scapes: The electronic physical environment and service tangibility
Authors: Koernig Stephen K. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractTangible cues in a firm's physical environment play an important role in affecting consumer attitudes and behavior (Baker, Berry, & Parasuraman, 1988; Bitner, 1990, 1992; Darden & Babin, 1994; Donovan & Rossiter, 1982; Zeithaml, 1981). The physical environment has typically been conceptualized as in‐store variables such as lighting, music, color, smell, and store layout, but the Internet has created a new type of electronic physical environment, the e‐scape, based in cyberspace. This research investigates the role of tangibility in maximizing the effectiveness of an e‐scape for service firms. The effectiveness of the Berry and Clark (1986) documentation, physical representation, and association strategies is explored by empirically examining the impact of Web sites employing these strategies on attitudinal and behavioral measures. The results suggest that the documentation strategy is effective for increasing the tangibility of services and elicits more positive evaluations of the service and the Web site, higher unaided recall, and higher loyalty. The results also indicate that the physical representation strategy is more effective than the association strategy in certain conditions. The mechanism driving these effects is described and managerial implications are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toward a better understanding of the interplay of personal values and the internet
Authors: Schiffman Leon G. , Sherman Elaine , Long Mary M. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractAlthough personal values have been widely used to examine consumer behavior in many product and service categories, little research has been devoted to the relationship between values and usage of the Internet. This article examines the association between consumers' personal values and their attitudes, preferences, and activities associated with using the Internet. With the use of survey data gathered from 506 Internet users, the relationship between selected Internet activities and specific personal values, and the association between two technological paradoxes (with relevance to the Internet) and specific personal values (as measured by the Kahle, 1983, LOV inventory) are explored. The Internet activities include (a) business‐related uses of the Internet, (b) information and research‐related uses of the Internet, (c) e‐commerce and related uses of the Internet, and (d) fun and entertainment‐related uses of the Internet. The results highlight the differences in behavior and feelings about the Internet based on personal values. Advertising and other forms of marketing communication can incorporate those personal values that appear to be linked to specific Internet usage or activities. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analyzing the evolution of the opioid/orphanin gene family
Authors: Dores Robert M. , Lecaudé Stéphanie , Bauer David , Danielson Phillip B. 
Published: January 2003

Abstract

I.
Introduction
220

II.
Proenkephalin
223

III.
Prodynorphin
228

IV.
Proorphanin
230

V.
Proopiomelanocortin
233

VI.
Post‐Translational Processing Mechanisms
236

VII.
Origin of the Opioid/Orphanin Gene Family
238

Acknowledgements
240

References
240

Advances in molecular biology have made it possible to rapidly obtain the amino acid sequence of neuropeptide precursors—either by cloning and sequencing the cDNA that encodes the precursor, or by reconstructing the arrangement of exons and introns in a neuropeptide‐coding gene through genomic approaches. The databases generated from these molecular approaches have been used to design probes to identify the cells that express the gene, or to ascertain the rate of expression of the gene, and even to predict the post‐translational modifications that can generate functional neuropeptides from a biologically inert precursor. Although the power of these approaches is substantial, it is appreciated that a gene sequence or an mRNA sequence reflects the potential products that may be assembled in a secretory cell. To understand the functional capabilities of the secretory cell, the molecular genetics approaches must be combined with procedures that actually characterize the end‐products generated by the secretory cell. Recent advances in two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry now make it possible to analyze neuropeptides from a relatively small amount of tissue. These procedures can reveal novel end‐products, tissue‐specific endoproteolytic cleavage events, and developmental shifts in post‐translational processing schemes. A gene family that illustrates all of these processes and the advantages of combining genomics with proteomics is the opioid/orphanin gene family. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 21:220–243, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mas.10029
Molecular constituents and phosphorylation‐dependent regulation of the post‐synaptic density
Authors: Yamauchi Takashi 
Published: January 2003

Abstract

I.
Introduction
267

II.
Isolation of the PSD
267

III.
Molecular Properties of PSD Constituents
269

A. Glutamate Receptors
269

B. CaM Kinase II and Protein Kinases
269

C. Scaffold and Receptor‐Clustering Molecules
272

D. Association Proteins and Adaptor Proteins
272

E. Cytoskeletal Proteins
273

F. Enzymes
273

G. Proteins of Other Classes
273

H. Proteins of Other Fractions
274

IV.
Identification of PSD Proteins Based on Mass Spectrometry
274

V.
Substrates of Protein Kinases
274

A. CaM Kinase II Substrates
274

B. PKA and PKC Substrates
275

C. Substrates of MAP Kinase Cascade Kinases
275

D. Src Family Kinase Substrates
276

VI.
Regulation of PSD Proteins by Phosphorylation‐Dephosphorylation
276

A. NMDA Receptor
277

B. AMPA and Kainate Receptors
278

C. Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (mGluRs)
279

D. CaM Kinase II
279

E. K+‐Channel Proteins
280

F. Scaffold‐ and Adaptor‐Proteins
280

G. nNOS
280

H. Dynamin
281

I. Membrane Proteins
281

VII.
Perspectives
281

VIII.
Conclusions
282

Abbreviations
282

References
282

The post‐synaptic density (PSD) contains receptors with associated signaling‐ and scaffolding‐proteins that organize signal‐transduction pathways near the post‐synaptic membrane. The PSD plays an important role in synaptic plasticity, and protein phosphorylation is critical to the regulation of PSD function, including learning and memory. Recently, studies have investigated the protein constituents of the PSD and substrate proteins for various protein kinases by proteomic analysis. The present review focuses on the molecular properties of PSD proteins, and substrates of protein kinases and their regulation by phosphorylation in order to understand the role of PSD in synaptic plasticity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 21:266–286, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mas.10033
Robust adaptive fuzzy controller for non‐affine nonlinear systems with dynamic rule activation
Authors: Park Jang‐Hyun , Park Gwi‐Tae 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThis paper describes the design of a robust adaptive fuzzy controller for an uncertain single‐input single‐output nonlinear dynamical systems. While most recent results on fuzzy controllers considers affine systems with fixed rule‐base fuzzy systems, we propose a control scheme for non‐affine nonlinear systems and a dynamic fuzzy rule activation scheme in which an appropriate number of the fuzzy rules are chosen on‐line. By using the proposed scheme, we can reduce the computation time, storage space, and dynamic order of the adaptive fuzzy system without significant performance degradation. The Lyapunov synthesis approach is used to guarantee a uniform ultimate boundedness property for the tracking error, as well as for all other signals in the closed loop. No a priori knowledge of an upper bounds on the uncertainties is required. The theoretical results are illustrated through a simulation example. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for robust perfect tracking under variable structure control
Authors: Balluchi Andrea , Bicchi Antonio 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe tracking control of linear MIMO systems with structured uncertainty is considered. A necessary and sufficient condition for robust asymptotic tracking employing variable structure techniques in the presence of multiplicative uncertainty is derived. The constructive proof of the theorem provides an explicit formula for controller synthesis. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust quadratic performance for time‐delayed uncertain linear systems
Authors: Wu Fen 
Published: January 2003

AbstractIn this paper, the analysis and control synthesis problems were studied for a general class of uncertain linear systems with variable time delay. It is assumed that the structured time‐varying parametric uncertainties enter the system state‐space description in a linear fractional fashion. The generic quadratic performance metric encompasses many types of dynamic system performance measure. In the context of delay‐independent stability, it was shown that the analysis and state‐feedback synthesis problems for such time‐delayed uncertain systems can be formulated equivalently as linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization problems using the mechanism of full block multipliers. However, the solvability condition to output‐feedback problem was given as bilinear matrix inequality (BMI), which leads to a non‐convex optimization problem. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the advantages of newly proposed control synthesis condition for time‐delayed uncertain systems over existing approaches. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Notions of exponential robust stochastic stability, ISS and their Lyapunov characterizations
Authors: Spiliotis J. , Tsinias J. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractConcepts of exponential global robust stability for stochastic control systems are analysed in terms of Lyapunov functions. The main result of the paper constitutes a generalization of a converse stability theorem due to Khasminskii for stochastic differential equations and establishes that, under certain hypotheses, the origin is robustly exponentially stable in the rth mean, if and only if the system admits a Lyapunov function which is smooth except possibly at the origin. The main result concerning robust asymptotic stability enable us to derive a Lyapunov‐like characterization for the concept of stochastic input‐to‐state stability (ISS). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overcoming the dark side of worker flexibility
Authors: Schultz Kenneth L , McClain John O , Thomas L.Joseph 
Published: January 2003

AbstractFlexible work assignment has great potential to increase productivity. When bottlenecks develop, for example, downstream operations may halt for lack of materials. A flexible worker can prevent this by moving in and increasing capacity temporarily, thereby avoiding work stoppages. In practice, it is not that simple. This paper identifies several “negative side effects” that occur in systems that rely on worker flexibility, effects that may partially or totally offset the advantages. Research has shown that performance feedback and work interruptions are factors that may explain some of these effects. Behavioral theories about those two factors lead to a series of hypotheses and two experiments. The results show that productivity loss due to these behavioral effects can be significant, in both the statistical and managerial sense of the word. Implications for the design and operation of flexible work environments are discussed, including methods for mitigating or eliminating the negative side effects, resulting in a meaningful productivity gain.
Assessing the effects of operational processes and information systems on inventory performance
Authors: Rabinovich Elliot , Dresner Martin E , Evers Philip T 
Published: January 2003

AbstractOver the past decade, manufacturing firms have implemented enterprise‐wide information systems in order to improve their performance. In many cases, the achieved results have been much less than anticipated. Previous research suggests that in order to realize maximum performance improvements it is necessary to access timely and informative customer demand data. While enterprise‐wide information systems may contribute to the realization of this objective, operational processes, such as inventory management and mass customization may also be effective in improving the firm’s inventory performance. This paper develops a structural equation model that evaluates the impact of enterprise‐wide information systems, along with four operational processes, on inventory performance. The results indicate that the use of operational processes, especially just‐in‐time (JIT), rather than the use of enterprise‐wide information systems, leads to improved performance as measured by inventory speculation, lead times, and turnover ratios.