bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of broiler litter age and application rate on nutrient mineralization under laboratory condition
Authors: Feng Hanxiao , Prasad Rishi , Chakraborty Debolina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBroiler litter (BL), a byproduct of the broiler (Gallus gallus sp.) production cycle, can be regarded as a beneficial organic source to supply essential nutrients for crop growth. Understanding BL nutrient mineralization helps producers better manage nutrients on farms. However, the effects of BL age (length of time BL stays in poultry house before it is cleaned out, also known as the clean out frequency of BL) and application rate on the mineralization of BL nutrients are still poorly understood. Therefore, a 150‐day laboratory incubation study investigated the influence of BL age (6, 18, and 30 months) and application rate (5 and 10 Mg ha−1) on nutrient mineralization. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three replications. Soil samples were collected at day 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 and analyzed for nitrogen (N) species nitrate, ammonium, total N, and water‐extractable nutrients (water‐extractable phosphorus, potassium [WEK], calcium [WECa], magnesium [WEMg], iron [WEFe], copper [WECu], zinc (WEZn), boron [WEB], and manganese [WEMn]). Results showed that BL nutrient mineralization was affected by BL age or application rate, except WEFe. A greater amount of nitrate‐N was released during the first month, suggesting faster nitrification during the first 30 days after application. Mineral N (sum of nitrate‐ and ammonium‐N) release was more significant with the increasing age of BL and application rate. Greater availability of WEK, WECa, WEMg, and WEB was found in 18‐ and 30‐month BL from 10 Mg ha−1, and lowest in 6‐month BL from 5 Mg ha−1, whereas 6‐month BL with 10 Mg ha−1 has the greatest WECu. Our results suggested that older BL (30 months) with a greater application rate (10 Mg ha−1) had greater nutrient supply potential.
Construction of core–shell Co@CuCo/Al2O3 catalyst to boost the low‐temperature hydrogenation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Zhang Fengyu , Wu Huifang , Wang Qian , Li Dianqing , Feng Junting 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReducing catalyst costs and reaction energy consumption is a potent way to advance biorefinery energy from fundamental research to industrial implementation. Herein, we developed a series of low‐cost CuCo/Al2O3 catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural to biofuel 2,5‐dimethylfuran (DMF). Combined characterizations showed CuCo alloy and Co@CuCo core–shell structures were successfully constructed by reducing layered double hydroxides (LDHs) at different temperatures. Detailed catalytic performance studies found that Co@CuCo catalyst achieved a decent DMF yield of 91.7% under 130°C and 1 MPa H2, which is milder than most literatures. While the CuCo alloy catalyst only gave 23.2% yield. H2‐TPD and in situ‐IR indicated the CuCo‐alloy shell can prevent oxidation of Co core, so that maintain its high H2 dissociation capacity. Moreover, the electronic structure changes in the Cu–Co alloy promote the hydrolysis of CO bond. Hence, the local atomic arrangement and corresponding electronic structure in the Co@CuCo structure jointly strengthened the low‐temperature reactivity.
Co(III) ‐Catalyzed Regioselective [4+2]‐Annulation of N‐Chlorobenzamide with Allenes and Vinyl Acetate
Authors: Chandra Devesh , Sachin  , Sharma Upendra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA regioselective annulation protocol of N‐chlorobenzamide with allenes and vinyl acetate is reported using a less expensive catalytic system, i. e. Co(III) catalysis and Na2CO3 as base. (CO) NH−Cl acts as both, an internal oxidant and a directing group. Allenes are successfully annulated with N‐chlorobenzamide, providing different exocyclic isoquinolone derivatives in good to moderate yield. Notably, vinyl acetate acts as an acetylene surrogate and undergoes annulation using the developed protocol to provide isoquinolone in excellent yield. Interestingly, in situ deprotection of the acetyl group allowed the quantitative synthesis of hydroxyisoquinolone.
Broadband Hybridly Polarized Vector Vortex Raman Microchip Laser
Authors: Miao Yujie , Shi Qinan , Zhu Xingyu , Zhang Lin , He Hongsen , Dong Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHybridly polarized (HP) vector vortex Raman lasers dramatically extend their applications on optical microscopy, optical communication, and quantum information. Spatial light modulators and waveplates are widely used for generating HP vector vortex lasers, however, the performance and beam quality of HP vector vortex lasers are restricted by diffraction loss and low damage threshold of these optical elements. Here, HP vector vortex Raman microchip lasers constructed with Yb3+:Y3Al5O12 (Yb:YAG) and vanadate (YVO4) crystals is demonstrated. The states of polarization (SoP) of HP vector vortex lasers are combination of radial and anti‐radial polarizations (RP‐ARP), azimuthal and anti‐azimuthal polarizations (AP‐AAP). The SoP of HP vector vortex lasers can be controlled by adjusting the length of YVO4 crystal and applying pump power. Maximum output powers are 456 and 586 mW with optical efficiency of 7.1% and 9.2% for HP vector vortex lasers with SoP of RP‐ARP and AP‐AAP. The HP vector vortex Raman lasers with SoP of RP‐ARP and AP‐AAP oscillate ≈1076 nm with bandwidths of 11.4 and 10.8 nm. High beam quality is achieved for HP vector vortex lasers with measured M2 nearly equal to theoretical value. The broadband HP vector vortex Raman lasers with high beam quality extend applications on optical trapping, and quantum information processing.
Study of Effective 2+1 Dimensional Gravity in Ferrofluid‐Based Hyperbolic Metamaterials
Authors: Smolyaninova Vera N. , Cartelli Jonathon , Christopher Nathaniel , Kist Benjamin , Perry Jonathan , Spickard Stephanie , Devadas Mary Sajini , Smolyaninov Igor I. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecent theoretical and experimental work demonstrated that nonlinear optics of ferrofluid‐based hyperbolic metamaterials exhibit very unusual spatiotemporal dynamics. Here a detailed theoretical and experimental study of mutual interactions of individual self‐focused optical filaments inside this metamaterial is reported. In agreement with theoretical expectations, the observed mutual interactions of individual filaments exhibit strong similarities with general relativity in 2+1 dimensions, which predicts that these interactions must have predominantly non‐Newtonian topological character. This observation is important since 2+1‐dimensional gravity is an exactly solvable theory even in the quantum gravity limit.
An Aptamer‐Based Nanoflow Cytometry Method for the Molecular Detection and Classification of Ovarian Cancers through Profiling of Tumor Markers on Small Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Li Jin , Li Yingying , Li Qin , Sun Lu , Tan Qingqing , Zheng Liyan , Lu Ye , Zhu Jianqing , Qu Fengli , Tan Weihong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMolecular profiling of protein markers on small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) is a promising strategy for the precise detection and classification of ovarian cancers. However, this strategy is challenging owing to the lack of simple and practical detection methods. In this work, using an aptamer‐based nanoflow cytometry (nFCM) detection strategy, a simple and rapid method for the molecular profiling of multiple protein markers on sEVs was developed. The protein markers can be easily labeled with aptamer probes and then rapidly profiled by nFCM. Seven cancer‐associated protein markers, including CA125, STIP1, CD24, EpCAM, EGFR, MUC1, and HER2, on plasma sEVs were profiled for the molecular detection and classification of ovarian cancers. Profiling these seven protein markers enabled the precise detection of ovarian cancer with a high accuracy of 94.2 %. In addition, combined with machine learning algorithms, such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and random forest (RF), the molecular classifications of ovarian cancer cell lines and subtypes were achieved with overall accuracies of 82.9 % and 55.4 %, respectively. Therefore, this simple, rapid, and non‐invasive method exhibited considerable potential for the auxiliary diagnosis and molecular classification of ovarian cancers in clinical practice.
Atroposelective Synthesis of Planar‐Chiral Indoles via Carbene Catalyzed Macrocyclization
Authors: Yang Gongming , He Yi , Wang Tianyi , Li Zhipeng , Wang Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndole‐based planar‐chiral macrocycles are widely found in natural products and bioactive molecules. However, in sharp contrast to the preparation of indole‐based axially chiral structures, the enantioselective catalysis of indole‐based planar‐chiral macrocycles is still a formidable task so far. Here we report an N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐catalyzed intramolecular atroposelective macrocyclization of 3‐carboxaldehyde indole/pyrroles, featuring with broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, and allowing for a rapid access to diverse indole/pyrrole‐based planar‐chiral macrocycles with various tether‐lengths (10–16 members) in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities. Importantly, the indole‐based macrocyclic structures with both planar and axial chirality were directly and efficiently obtained through this protocol with excellent enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivities. In addition, these synthesized planar‐chiral macrocycles offer many possibilities for chemists to develop new catalysts or ligands, as well as new reactions.
Metallfreie B−B Dehydrokupplung eines Einfachen Boran‐Addukts: Bequemer Zugang zu einem Nukleophilen Diboran(4)
Authors: Kistner Lucas , Sigmund Lukas Maximilian , Grieser Fabian Frank , Krauß Julian , Leingang Simone , Kaifer Elisabeth , Greb Lutz , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDie selektive Bildung homonuklearer Bindungen ist in der synthetischen Chemie von zentraler Bedeutung. Insbesondere Dehydrokupplungsreaktionen sind als ökologische und ökonomische Alternativen zu etablierten reduktiven Bindungsbildungsreaktionen attraktiv, da sie nicht den Einsatz stöchiometrischer Mengen eines Reduktionsmittels erfordern und nur wertvollen Wasserstoff als Nebenprodukt erzeugen. Hier berichten wir über eine metallfreie B−B‐Dehydrokupplungsreaktion, die direkt von einem einfachen, leicht zugänglichen BH3‐Addukt startet und einen bequemen Zugang zu einem neuen nukleophilen Dihydridodiboran in exzellenter Ausbeute bietet. Das Dihydridodiboran wiederum aktiviert Wasserstoff, sodass durch D2‐Aktivierung quantitativ das Dideuteridodiboran aus dem Dihydridodiboran erhalten werden kann. Auf Grundlage detaillierter quantenchemischer Berechnungen wird der Mechanismus dieser beispiellosen Reaktion aufgeklärt. Einige für die metallfreie Dehydrokupplung essenzielle Kernpunkte werden aufgezeigt und dadurch der Weg für einen systematischen Zugang und Anwendung bereitet.
Three in One: Three Different Molybdates Trapped in a Thiacalix[4]arene Protected Ag72 Nanocluster for Structural Transformation and Photothermal Conversion
Authors: Wang Zhi , Zhu Yan‐Jie , Ahlstedt Olli , Konstantinou Konstantinos , Akola Jaakko , Tung Chen‐Ho , Alkan Fahri , Sun Di 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolyoxometalates (POMs) represent crucial intermediates in the formation of insoluble metal oxides from soluble metal ions, however, the rapid hydrolysis‐condensation kinetics of MoVI or WVI makes the direct characterization of coexisted molecular species in a given medium extremely difficult. Silver nanoclusters have shown versatile capacity to encapsulate diverse POMs, which provides an alternative scene to appreciate landscape of POMs in atomic precision. Here, we report a thiacalix[4]arene protected silver nanocluster (Ag72b) that simultaneously encapsulates three kinds of molybdates (MoO42−, Mo6O228− and Mo7O258−) in situ transformed from classic Lindqvist Mo6O192−, providing more deep understanding on the structural diversity and condensation growth route of POMs in solution. Ag72b is the first silver nanocluster trapping so many kinds of molybdates, which in turn exert collective template effect to aggregate silver atoms into a nanocluster. The post‐reaction of Ag72b with AgOAc or PhCOOAg produces a discrete Ag24 nanocluster (Ag24a) or an Ag28 nanocluster based 1D chain structure (Ag28a), respectively. Moreover, the post‐synthesized Ag28a can be utilized as potential ignition material for further application. This work not only provides an important model for unlocking dynamic features of POMs at atom‐precise level but also pioneers a promising approach to synthesize silver nanoclusters from known to unknown.
Chiral Isochalcogenourea‐Catalysed Enantioselective (4+2) Cycloadditions of Allenoates
Authors: Vogl Lukas S. , Mayer Peter , Robiette Raphaël , Waser Mario 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAllenoates are versatile building blocks which are primarily activated and controlled using chiral tert. phosphine and tert. amine Lewis bases. We herein report the first example of allenoate activation by using chiral isochalcogenoureas (IChU) for formal (4+2) cycloaddition reactions. Compared to established phosphine and amine catalysis, the use of these easily available Lewis bases enables new stereoselective reaction pathways proceeding with high enantioselectivities, diastereoselectivities, and in good yields. In addition, the factors governing enantioselectivity and the origin of the observed differences compared to other commonly used Lewis bases are explained.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Substrate Specificity and Mechanistic Variability
Authors: Chakrabortty Soumyadeep , de Bruin Bas , de Vries Johannes G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAsymmetric hydrogenation finds widespread application in academia and industry. And indeed, a number of processes have been implemented for the production of pharma and agro intermediates as well as flavors & fragrances. Although these processes are all based on the use of late transition metals as catalysts, there is an increasing interest in the use of base metal catalysis in view of their lower cost and the expected different substrate scope. Catalysts based on cobalt have already shown their potential in enantioselective hydrogenation chemistry. This review outlines the impressive progress made in recent years on cobalt‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of different unsaturated substrates. We also illustrate the ligand dependent substrate specificity as well as the mechanistic variability in detail. This may well guide further catalyst development in this research area.
Design of Chiral β‐Double Helices from γ‐Peptide Foldamers
Authors: Pahan Saikat , Dey Sanjit , George Gijo , Mahapatra Souvik Panda , Puneeth Kumar DRGKoppalu R. , Gopi Hosahudya. N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChirality is ubiquitous in nature, and homochirality is manifested in many biomolecules. Although β‐double helices are rare in peptides and proteins, they consist of alternating L‐ and D‐amino acids. No peptide double helices with homochiral amino acids have been observed. Here, we report chiral β‐double helices constructed from γ‐peptides consisting of alternating achiral (E)‐α,β‐unsaturated 4,4‐dimethyl γ‐amino acids and chiral (E)‐α,β‐unsaturated γ‐amino acids in both single crystals and in solution. The two independent strands of the same peptide intertwine to form a β‐double helix structure, and it is stabilized by inter‐strand hydrogen bonds. The peptides with chiral (E)‐α,β‐unsaturated γ‐amino acids derived from α‐L‐amino acids adopt a (P)‐β‐double helix, whereas peptides consisting of (E)‐α,β‐unsaturated γ‐amino acids derived from α‐D‐amino acids adopt an (M)‐β‐double helix conformation. The circular dichroism (CD) signature of the (P) and (M)‐β‐double helices and the stability of these peptides at higher temperatures were examined. Furthermore, ion transport studies suggested that these peptides transport ions across membranes. Even though the structural analogy suggests that these new β‐double helices are structurally different from those of the α‐peptide β‐double helices, they retain ion transport activity. The results reported here may open new avenues in the design of functional foldamers.
Non‐Metallic NH4+/H+ Co‐Storage in Organic Superstructures for Ultra‐Fast and Long‐Life Zinc‐Organic Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yehui , Song Ziyang , Miao Ling , Lv Yaokang , Gan Lihua , Liu Mingxian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCompared with Zn2+ storage, non‐metallic charge carrier with small hydrated size and light weight shows fast dehydration and diffusion kinetics for Zn‐organic batteries. Here we first report NH4+/H+ co‐storage in self‐assembled organic superstructures (OSs) by intermolecular interactions of p‐benzoquinone (BQ) and 2, 6‐diaminoanthraquinone (DQ) polymer through H‐bonding and π–π stacking. BQ‐DQ OSs exhibit exposed quadruple‐active carbonyl motifs and super electron delocalization routes, which are redox‐exclusively coupled with high‐kinetics NH4+/H+ but exclude sluggish and rigid Zn2+ ions. A unique 4e− NH4+/H+ co‐coordination mechanism is unravelled, giving BQ‐DQ cathode high capacity (299 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1), large‐current tolerance (100 A g−1) and ultralong life (50,000 cycles). This strategy further boosts the capacity to 358 mAh g−1 by modulating redox‐active building units, giving new insights into ultra‐fast and stable NH4+/H+ storage in organic materials for better Zn batteries.
Spinal anaesthesia with intravenous sedation for total hip arthroplasty in two patients with a history of orthotopic heart transplantation
Authors: Tseng L. , Al‐Saidi I. , Channagiri V. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryMany patients with orthotopic heart transplantation later undergo non‐cardiac surgery. Historically, neuraxial anaesthesia has been avoided in these patients because the denervated heart is unable to compensate for hypotension via the baroreceptor reflex. Here, we present the cases of two patients with prior heart transplantation who underwent total hip arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia with intravenous sedation. In both cases, this technique was well‐tolerated haemodynamically. We propose that spinal anaesthesia with intravenous sedation can be a safe and efficacious anaesthetic technique for selected patients with a history of orthotopic heart transplantation, with careful intraoperative fluid and pharmacological management.
Results of the 2023 AORN Salary and Compensation Survey
Authors: Bacon Donald R. , Stewart Kim A. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTAORN conducted its 21st annual compensation survey for perioperative nurses in May and June of 2023. A multiple regression model was used to examine how several variables, including job title, education level, certification, experience, and geographic region, affect perioperative nurse compensation. Comparisons between the 2023 data and data from previous years are presented. The effects of other forms of compensation (eg, on‐call compensation, overtime, bonuses, shift differentials, benefits) on total compensation are also examined. Additional analyses explore the current state of the nursing shortage and the sources of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
The Effect of Implementing a Standardized Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Pain Management Pathway at an Urban Medical Center in Hawaii
Authors: Doronio Geraldine M. , Lee Amy S. D. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTTraditional use of opioids to treat postoperative pain may lead to abuse and overdose. The development of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols has helped to shift pain management from traditional methods to evidence‐based best practices involving multimodal analgesia techniques. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to implement and determine the effectiveness of a standardized, evidence‐based ERAS pain management pathway for patients undergoing colorectal or gynecology procedures at a medical center in Hawaii. After the intervention, the evaluation of data associated with opioid use, patients’ pain scores, time spent in the postanesthesia care unit, and inpatient length of stay showed that most results were not significant. However, the ERAS pain management pathway did reduce clinical practice variations, intraoperative opioid administration, the time that patients spent in the postanesthesia care unit, and length of stay. The ERAS pain management pathway continues to be used and updated at this facility.
Soft analyzer for sulfur content in tail oil of hydrocracking process based on adaptively regularized dynamic polynomial PLS
Authors: Yao Yating , Shen Xiaohang , Qiao Linke , Zuo Ziteng , Shao Weiming , Zhao Dongya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHydrocracking process is an essential and widely used means to remove impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen from heavy oil in refineries. The sulfur content in the tail oil of the hydrogenation process is a key quality index that must be strictly monitored and controlled. However, the traditional measurement ways of the sulfur content suffer from either large delays or high investment and maintenance costs. To this end, a predictive model named “adaptively regularized dynamic polynomial partial least squares (ARDPPLS)” is proposed to develop soft analyzer for sulfur content estimation. The ARDPPLS takes complicated characteristics of the hydrogenation process into consideration, including process dynamics, nonlinearities, and transportation delays of materials and energies. Specifically, the dynamics and nonlinearities are modeled by the finite impulse response paradigm and polynomial fitting, respectively, and the delays of explanatory variables are automatically determined using differential evolution. In particular, a Bayesian inference‐based adaptive regularization scheme for the polynomial partial least squares is designed to tackle overfitting that results from high‐order variable augmentation and high‐order polynomials. The performance of the ARDPPLS is evaluated by a real‐world industrial wax oil hydrocracking process, showing the effectiveness of the ARDPPLS.
Optimisation of H‐doped WO3 synthesis at ambient conditions for potential acetone gas sensing
Authors: Tamelarasan Ramanath , Lo Newton Well , Muthoosamy Kasturi , Thangalazhy‐Gopakumar Suchithra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTungsten trioxide (WO3) is a highly desired semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) to detect acetone gas which is present at high levels in the breath of diabetic patients. Current research in the biosensor field is focused on the synthesis of sensing material at room temperature to ease fabrication and reduce energy requirements for operations. In this context, hydrogen doping aids in increasing the baseline conductivity of WO3. Therefore, the current research aimed to synthesise H‐doped WO3 at ambient conditions via an ultrasonication‐assisted hydrogenation route. Besides, the independent effects of other factors on hydrogenation were studied. These include synthesis temperature (room temperature to 80°C) and zinc precursor loading (0.8 to 2.0). By varying the concentrations of WO3 for the synthesis, it was determined that the highest degree of hydrogenation was achieved at 10 mg/ml. This was indicated by a visible colour change to dark blue and the highest conductivity. The findings revealed that hydrogenation is less effective at higher temperatures. The most optimum zinc loading was found to be 1.6 where the maximum attainable conductivity was 116.1 mS/cm. This H‐doped WO3 sample was subsequently subjected to diluted acetone sensing performance. The sample showed a significant reduction in resistance towards diluted acetone of 1000 ppm compared to undoped WO3. Thus, findings from this work offer a potential room temperature‐based synthesis method for acetone detection at low concentration.