bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stimuli‐Responsive Hydrogel Adhesives for Wound Closure and Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Ren Hui , Zhang Zhen , Chen Xuesi , He Chaoliang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSutures and staplers, as gold standards for clinical wound closure, usually cause secondary tissue injury and require professional technicians and equipment. The noninvasive hydrogel adhesives are used in various biomedical applications, such as wound closure, tissue sealing, and tissue regeneration, due to their remarkable properties. Recently‐developed hydrogel adhesives, especially stimuli‐responsive hydrogels, have shown great potential owing to their advantages in regulating their performance and functions according to the wound situations or external conditions, thus allowing the wounds to heal gradually. However, comprehensive summary on stimuli‐responsive hydrogels as tissue adhesives is rarely reported to date. This review focuses on the advances in the design of various stimuli‐responsive hydrogel adhesives over the past decade, including the systems responsive to pH, temperature, photo, and enzymes. Their potential biomedical applications, such as skin closure, cardiovascular and liver hemostasis, and gastrointestinal sealing, are emphasized. Meanwhile, the challenges and future development of stimuli‐responsive hydrogel adhesives are discussed. This review aims to provide meaningful insights for the further design of next‐generation of hydrogel adhesives for wound closure and tissue regeneration.
An anisotropic damage model for finite strains with full and reduced regularization of the damage tensor
Authors: van der Velden Tim , Holthusen Hagen , Brepols Tim , Reese Stefanie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe modeling of damage as an anisotropic phenomenon enables the consideration of arbitrarily oriented microcracks at the material point level. Yet, the incorporation of material softening into structural simulations still requires a regularization of for example, the degrading variable. There exist different possibilities for a regularization in case of anisotropic damage with varying numbers of nonlocal degrees of freedom corresponding to for example, the symmetric integrity tensor , the principal traces of the damage tensor or a scalar damage hardening variable. Here, we propose a finite strain formulation with a symmetric second order damage tensor of which all six independent components are regularized with a corresponding nonlocal degree of freedom. Due to the significant increase in computational cost caused by the full regularization of the damage tensor, alternative approaches for a reduced regularization with fewer nonlocal degrees of freedom are discussed. Thereafter, the results of a numerical example using the model with full regularization are presented.
Numerical investigation of the Poisson's ratio of amorphous graphene sheets
Authors: Stratmann Jan , Markert Bernd , Bamer Franz 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe one‐atom‐thick allotrope of graphite, C4 is called monolayer graphene and was discovered in 2004. It is well known for its fantastic electro‐mechanical properties. While transverse contraction and Poisson's ratio were previously studied only for homogeneous or crystalline two‐dimensional (2D) mono‐ and bilayer network structures under uniaxial tensile stress, we now numerically investigate these material properties for amorphous or non‐crystalline monolayer graphene. Here, we pay special attention to the influence of the network heterogeneity. We find the stress‐strain correlation in good agreement with the literature, and we find auxetic behavior, that is, negative Poisson's ratio, over a wide range within the elastic regime.
Photo‐activated shape memory polymer with chiral twisting based on anisotropic bilayer thin sheets
Authors: Tian Guangming , Zhang Jie , Li Mingcai , Zhang Xin , Yang Dong , Zheng Shuguang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe remotely controlled shape memory behaviors of a two‐dimensional (2D) sheet to controlled helix structure upon external stimuli is of great significance in the field of smart materials. Herein, we devise a strategy to fabricate a series of shape memory polycaprolactone/W18O49 nanowire film via highly efficient UV‐triggered thiol‐acrylate click chemistry. The resultant polymer composites exhibited desirable photothermal transfer efficiency and can enable rapid temperature increase over the melting temperature of polymeric matrix, thus remotely actuating shape transformation within 8 s. Owing to the well‐defined architecture of the polymer network, the fabricated elastic composite film exhibited a high degree of crystallinity and showed excellent shape memory properties with Rf of 93.12% and Rr of 95.32%. Remarkably, under a 160 mW/cm2 simulated sunlight illumination, the transformation of flat 2D film into 3D chiral actuators is driven by designing anisotropic bilayer thin sheet, and it yields right‐ and left‐handed helix. This work will pave the way for designing biomimetic flexible actuators toward multifunctional shape‐shifting devices.Highlights
Shape memory polycaprolactone/W18O49 nanowires composite film is fabricated via UV‐triggered thiol‐ene click chemistry.
Polymer composites exhibit light‐activated shape memory behaviors.
The composite films show excellent shape fixity and shape recovery ratio based on the well‐defined network.
The shape morphing behaviors of a flexible 2D bilayer strip into 3D chiral actuators are achieved.
Exploring technology acceptance of head‐mounted device‐based augmented reality surgical navigation in orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Verhellen Anouk , Elprama Shirley A. , Scheerlinck Thierry , Van Aerschot Fiene , Duerinck Johnny , Van Gestel Frederick , Frantz Taylor , Jansen Bart , Vandemeulebroucke Jef , Jacobs An 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to investigate the acceptance of HMD‐based AR surgical navigation.MethodsAn experiment was conducted in which participants drilled 12 predefined holes using freehand drilling, proprioceptive control, and AR assistance. Technology acceptance was assessed through a survey and non‐participant observations.ResultsParticipants' intention to use AR correlated (p < 0.05) with social influence (Spearman's rho (rs) = 0.599), perceived performance improvement (rs = 0.592) and attitude towards AR (rs = 0.542).ConclusionsWhile most participants acknowledged the potential of AR, they also highlighted persistent barriers to adoption, such as issues related to user‐friendliness, time efficiency and device discomfort. To overcome these challenges, future AR surgical navigation systems should focus on enhancing surgical performance while minimising disruptions to workflows and operating times. Engaging orthopaedic surgeons in the development process can facilitate the creation of tailored solutions and accelerate adoption.
Periodic Defect Engineering of Iron–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts for Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia
Authors: Zhu Runxi , Qin Yanyang , Wu Tiantian , Ding Shujiang , Su Yaqiong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIron–nitrogen–carbon single atom catalyst (SAC) is regarded as one of the promising electrocatalysts for NO3− reduction reaction (NO3RR) to NH3 due to its high activity and selectivity. However, synergistic effects of topological defects and FeN4 active moiety in Fe–N–C SAC have rarely been investigated. By performing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, 13 defective graphene FeN4 with 585, 484, and 5775 topological line defects are constructed, yielding 585‐68‐FeN4 with optimal NO3RR catalytic activity, high selectivity, as well as robust anti‐dissolution stability. The high NO3RR activity on 585‐68‐FeN4 is well explained by the high valence state of Fe center as well as asymmetric charge distribution on FeN4 moiety influenced by 5‐ and 8‐member rings. This DFT work provides theoretical guidance for engineering NO3RR performance of iron–nitrogen–carbon catalysts by modulating periodic topological defects.
Leadership education and development through the sustainable development goals – embedding equity and justice
Authors: Ledbetter Bernice , Manchikanti Jaya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe principles of equity and justice do not often receive the attention they deserve in leadership practice. In order to ensure a shared prosperous future for all, leadership education must place the ethical values of equity and justice at the center of leadership processes and practices. The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) framework includes principles of equity and justice and is a useful pedagogical tool for student leadership education. Australian Aboriginal and Torres Straits Islander women leadership practice is exemplified in this article to demonstrate ethical leadership, in alignment with the SDGs.
Modified procedure for reconstructing the inferomedial orbital wall: silicone sheet implantation without surgical removal
Authors: Takabayashi Kosuke , Maeda Yohei , Kataoka Nobuya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Due to the complexity of reconstructing wide inferomedial orbital wall fractures, silicone sheets are the preferred choice of reconstructive material. Nevertheless, it is crucial to remove the silicone sheet postoperatively due to the risk of delayed complications associated with its placement.

Methods
We developed a procedure in which a silicone sheet implanted in the orbit can be extracted through the nasal cavity by removing the fractured portion of the medial orbital wall.

Conclusion
This procedure enables the utilization of silicone sheets, which are suitable for intricate orbital reconstruction, without any concerns regarding delayed complications.
Fully fuzzy DEA: a novel additive slacks-based measure model
Authors: Gerami Javad , Mozaffari Mohammad Reza , Wanke P. F. , Tan Y. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe subject of assessing the relative efficiency of Decision-Making Units (DMUs) has been explored extensively in the literature on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). While typical DEA models require exact and conclusive data, the observed values of the inputs and outputs in real-world problems may be inaccurate or ambiguous. This paper presents a novel fully fuzzy DEA (FFDEA) model based on the additive slacks-based measure (ASBM). FFDEA models imply that all inputs, outputs, and variables, are fuzzy. It is demonstrated how fuzzy ranking and fuzzy arithmetic approaches can be used to handle the trapezoidal fuzzy number assumptions. To solve the fuzzy ASBM model under variable returns-to-scale assumptions, we proposed two different methods, first method use of lexicographic method for solving multi-objective linear programming (MOLP) approach, which provides an efficiency measure and a fuzzy goal operating point for each DMU under assessment. In alternative method, we convert the fuzzy linear fractional programming problems to an equivalent MOLP problem. A case study is provided to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach for selecting sustainable suppliers, we compare the results with other fuzzy DEA approaches, while shedding light on future research venues.
Interspecific differences in developmental mode determine early cognitive abilities in teleost fish
Authors: Montalbano Giulia , Bertolucci Cristiano , Bisazza Angelo , Lucon-Xiccato Tyrone 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMost studies on developmental variation in cognition have suggested that individuals are born with reduced or absent cognitive abilities, and thereafter, cognitive performance increases with age during early development. However, these studies have been mainly performed in altricial species, such as humans, in which offspring are extremely immature at birth. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that species with other developmental modes might show different patterns of cognitive development. To this end, we analysed inhibitory control performance in two teleost species with different developmental modes, the zebrafish Danio rerio and the guppy Poecilia reticulata, exploiting a simple paradigm based on spontaneous behaviour and therefore applicable to subjects of different ages. Zebrafish hatch as larvae 3 days after fertilisation, and have an immature nervous system, a situation that mirrors extreme altriciality. We found that at the early stages of development, zebrafish displayed no evidence of inhibitory control, which only begun to emerge after one month of life. Conversely, guppies, which are born after approximately one month of gestation as fully developed and independent individuals, solved the inhibitory control task since their first days of life, although performance increased with sexual maturation. Our study suggests that the typical progression described during early ontogeny in humans and other species might not be the only developmental trend for animals’ cognition and that a species’ developmental mode might determine variation in cognition across subjects of different age.
Short-term effects of low-level laser versus ultrasound therapy on children’s neck posture after long-term use of electronic devices
Authors: Rabie Ghadeer Mohammed , Shokry Kamal Elsayed , Alsharnoubi Jehan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), ultrasound therapy (US), and strengthening and stretching exercise in children diagnosed with cervical straightening caused by long-term use of electronic devices. A total of 60 patients from 12 to 18 years of both gender diagnosed with straight neck syndrome which is losing the normal C shape of cervical vertebrae. Patients were randomized into three groups. In group A, patients received LLLT plus exercise, while in group B, they received US plus exercise, and group C received exercise. In group A and B, Cobb angle and VAS showed a significant improvement (more significant in group A) with P < 0.001, while in group C P = 0.006. LLLT, US, and exercise improved the cervical straight curve, and reduced pain with maximum effect was done by LLLT.
Biofilm development of Candida boidinii and the effect of tyrosol on biofilm formation
Authors: Márton Rita , Nagy Blanka , Molnár Mónika 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The applicability of a simple and high-throughput method for quantitative characterization of biofilm formation by Candida boidinii was tested in order to evaluate the effects of exogenous tyrosol on yeast growth and biofilm formation capacity.

Results
Significant concentration-, temperature and time-dependent effect of tyrosol (2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol) was demonstrated, but it differentially affected the growth and biofilm formation (characterized by crystal violet staining and XTT-reduction assay) of Candida boidinii. Testing biofilm based on metabolic activity displayed sensitively the differences in the intensity of biofilm in terms of temperature, tyrosol concentration, and exposure time. At 22 °C after 24 h none of the tyrosol concentrations had significant effect, while at 30 °C tyrosol-mediated inhibition was observed at 50 mM and 100 mM concentration. After 48 h and 72 h at 22 °C, biofilm formation was stimulated at 6.25–25 mM concentrations, meanwhile at 30 °C tyrosol decreased the biofilm metabolic activity proportionally with the concentration.

Conclusions
The research concludes that exogenous tyrosol exerts unusual effects on Candida boidinii growth and biofilm formation ability and predicts its potential application as a regulating factor of various fermentations by Candida boidinii.
Improved preculture management for Cupriavidus necator cultivations
Authors: Gerlach Michelle-Sophie , Neubauer Peter , Gimpel Matthias 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Research on hydrogenases from Cupriavidus necator has been ongoing for more than two decades and still today the common methods for culture inoculation are used. These methods were never adapted to the requirements of modified bacterial strains, resulting in different physiological states of the bacteria in the precultures, which in turn lead prolonged and different lag-phases.

Results
In order to obtain uniform and always equally fit precultures for inoculation, we have established in this study an optimized protocol for precultures of the derivative of C. necator HF210 (C. necator HP80) which is used for homologous overexpression of the genes for the NAD+-reducing soluble hydrogenase (SH). We compared different media for preculture growth and determined the optimal time point for harvest. The protocol obtained in this study is based on two subsequent precultures, the first one in complex nutrient broth medium (NB) and a second one in fructose –nitrogen mineral salt medium (FN).

Conclusion
Despite having two subsequent precultures our protocol reduces the preculture time to less than 30 h and provides reproducible precultures for cultivation of C. necator HP80.
DNA metabarcoding reveals the diet of the invasive fish Oreochromis mossambicus in mangroves of São Tomé Island (Gulf of Guinea)
Authors: Nogueira S. , Curto M. , Gkenas C. , Afonso F. , Dias D. , Heumüller J. , Félix P. M. , de Lima R. F. , Chaínho P. , Brito A. C. , Ribeiro F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInvasive species can trigger profound effects on recipient ecosystems, namely through the food web. Despite being recognized as one of the worst invasive species, little is known about the feeding ecology of the Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus. To understand how this invasive species might impact food webs, we applied metabarcoding to analyze its diet’s composition in two African mangroves, in the Obô Natural Park in the oceanic island of São Tomé. Given the particular importance of mangroves as fish nurseries, we specifically aimed to determine if this invader might predate on other fish species. However, we found that tilapia were mostly phytoplanktivorous and indication on predation of other fish was very limited. Instead, due to their local high densities, tilapia may impact basal trophic levels and nutrient availability with the potential to cascade through the food web by means of bottom-up disruption. In addition, we recorded important changes in the taxonomic composition of the diet, linked to locations and life stages, suggesting that its opportunistic feeding associated with its aggressive territorial behavior may result in resource competition with native species with which it has overlapping dietary niches.
Unraveling mechanisms underlying effects of wetting–drying cycles on soil respiration in a dryland
Authors: Liang Guopeng , Reed Sasha C. , Stark John M. , Waring Bonnie G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRewetting of dry soils usually stimulates soil carbon (C) emission, a phenomenon known as the Birch effect. Soil C cycling in drylands, which store approximately one third of terrestrial soil organic C (SOC), is strongly affected by wetting–drying cycles. However, the physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms that link rewetting cycles with dryland soil C cycling have not been comprehensively studied, nor do we understand how these mechanisms interact with each other. Here, we conducted a dryland soil incubation experiment manipulating four factors related to global change (soil moisture content, soil moisture variability, C availability, and prior warming) in a factorial design. The experiment was divided into two periods: a rewetting period consisting of six 14-d wetting–drying cycles; and a recovery period lasting 28 days during which soil moisture content was held stable, allowing for examination of the legacy effects of the wet-dry cycles. Rewetting cycles decreased soil aggregate stability under some conditions, but their effects on soil microbial biomass and fungal communities, soil enzyme activities, soil priming, and soil dissolved C were not significant. We found lower average soil respiration under the wetting–drying treatment than the stable soil moisture treatment, and Birch effects were observed, but only under some conditions. This was probably because moisture variability exacerbated soil microbial metabolic stress, which showed itself as oxygen limitation during the initial precipitation pulse and as water limitation during soil drying. Notably, respiration rates remained low even after moisture fluctuations ceased, suggesting a legacy effect of rewetting cycles on dryland microbial communities. Overall, rewetting inhibited aggregate formation (physical mechanism), and suppressed soil respiration by inducing soil microbial metabolic stress (biological mechanism), ultimately leading to lower soil C loss under rewetting. Our findings indicate that Birch effects are mediated by the magnitude of moisture variability, the availability of C, and the degree of physiological stress microbes experience.
The Value of Evidence and Ratificationism
Authors: Dziurosz-Serafinowicz Patryk 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn sequential decision problems, an act of learning cost-free evidence might be symptomatic, in the sense that performing this act itself provides evidence about states of the world it does nothing to causally promote. It is well known that orthodox causal decision theory, like its main rival evidential decision theory, may sanction such acts as rationally impermissible. This paper shows that, under plausible assumptions, a minimal version of ratificationist causal decision theory, known as principled ratificationism, fares better in this respect, for it never labels symptomatic acts of learning cost-free evidence as rationally impermissible.
The role of pictorial cues and contrast for camouflage
Authors: Kelley Jennifer L. , Jessop Anna-Lee , Kelley Laura A. , Troscianko Jolyon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractShadows that are produced across the surface of an object (self-shadows) are potentially an important source of information for visual systems. Animal patterns may exploit this principle for camouflage, using pictorial cues to produce false depth information that manipulates the viewer’s detection/recognition processes. However, pictorial cues could also facilitate camouflage by matching the contrast (e.g. due to shadows) of 3D backgrounds. Aside from studies of countershading (patterning that may conceal depth information), the role of self-shadows in camouflage patterns remains unclear. Here we investigated whether pictorial cues (self-shadows) increase the survival probability of moth-like prey presented to free-living wild bird predators relative to targets without these cues. We manipulated the presence of self-shadows by adjusting the illumination conditions to produce patterned targets under directional lighting (lit from above or from below; self-shadows present) or diffuse lighting (no self-shadows). We used non-patterned targets (uniform colour) as controls. We manipulated the direction of illumination because it has been linked with depth perception in birds; objects lit from above may appear convex while those lit from below can appear concave. As shadows influence contrast, which also determines detectability, we photographed the targets in situ over the observation period, allowing us to evaluate the effect of visual metrics on survival. We found some evidence that patterned targets without self-shadows had a lower probability of survival than patterned targets with self-shadows and targets with uniform colour. Surprisingly, none of the visual metrics explained variation in survival probability. However, predators increased their foraging efficiency over time, suggesting that predator learning may have overridden the benefits afforded by camouflaging coloration.