bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and diagnostic values of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for infection in hematology patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yuhui , Wang Jinjin , Niu Ting 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This meta-analysis will focus on systematically assessing the clinical value of mNGS for infection in hematology patients.
Methods
We searched for studies that assessed the clinical value of mNGS for infection in hematology patients published in Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from inception to August 30, 2023. We compared the detection positive rate of pathogen for mNGS and conventional microbiological tests (CMTs). The diagnostic metrics, antibiotic adjustment rate and treatment effectiveness rate were combined.
Results
Twenty-two studies with a total of 2325 patients were included. The positive rate of mNGS was higher than that of CMT (blood: 71.64% vs. 24.82%; BALF: 89.86% vs. 20.78%; mixed specimens: 82.02% vs. 28.12%). The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 87% (95% CI: 81–91%) and 59% (95% CI: 43–72%), respectively. The reference standard/neutropenia and research type/reference standard may be sources of heterogeneity in sensitivity and specificity, respectively. The pooled antibiotic adjustment rate according to mNGS was 49.6% (95% CI: 41.8–57.4%), and the pooled effective rate was 80.9% (95% CI: 62.4–99.3%).
Conclusion
mNGS has high positive detection rates in hematology patients. mNGS can guide clinical antibiotic adjustments and improve prognosis.
The Influence of Acute Lifestyle Changes on Nafld Evolution in a Multicentre Cohort: A Matter of Body Composition
Authors: Romeo Mario , Dallio Marcello , Sangineto Moris , Cipullo Marina , Coppola Annachiara , Mammone Simone , Gioia Giuseppe Di , Masarone Mario , Persico Marcello , Serviddio Gaetano , Federico Alessandro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Unhealthy lifestyles represent a key element fueling Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) onset and worsening. We aimed to evaluate the effects of forced acute lifestyle changes on NAFLD evolution.
Methods
187 NAFLD patients were followed two years pre- and two years during the lockdown social restrictions in three Italian medical centers. For each patient, biochemical, non-invasive liver fibrosis, nutritional, and body composition data were collected.
Results
An increase in fats and carbohydrate intake associated with impaired weekly physical activity during the lockdown was demonstrated as well as an increase in body mass index and waist-hip-ratio (p < 0.0001 for all). Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and transaminases worsened during the lockdown (glucose: p = 0.0007; p < 0.0001 for the others). Moreover, NAFLD fibrosis score, liver stiffness, and controlled attenuation parameter were also impaired during the same period (p < 0.0001 for all). The BIA evidenced an increase of fat mass (FM), and a reduction of free fat mass (FFM) and body cell mass (BCM) (p < 0.0001 for all). The lockdown overall HCC and Milan-out HCC occurrence revealed HR:2.398, p = 0.02, and HR:5.931, p = 0.008 respectively. A liver disease stage and comorbidities independent association between both the assessed outcomes and body composition analysis in terms of mean values and ‘variation (T1-T2 Δ) was demonstrated.
Conclusions
the acute lifestyle changes impacted NAFLD evolution via body composition modifications negatively influencing the HCC occurrence.
Atomic origin of absent superconductivity in bulk infinite-layer nickelate
Authors: Song Dongsheng , Hu Kejun , Li Qing , Jia Yingze , Liang Zhiyao , Du Haifeng , Wen Hai-Hu , Ge Binghui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The recent discovery of superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelate films has sparked significant interest and expanded the realm of superconductors, in which the infinite-layer structure and proper chemical doping are both of the essence. Nonetheless, the absence of superconductivity in bulk infinite-layer nickelates remains puzzling. Herein, we investigate atomic defects and electronic structures in bulk infinite-layer Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 using scanning transmission electron microscopy. Our observations reveal the presence of three-dimensional (3D) block-like structural domains resulting from intersecting defect structures, disrupting the continuity within crystal grains, which could be a crucial factor in giving rise to the insulating character and inhibiting the emergence of superconductivity. Moreover, the infinite-layer structure, even without complete topotactic reduction, retains interstitial oxygen atoms on the Nd atomic plane in bulk nickelates, possibly further aggravating the local distortions of NiO2 planes and hindering the superconductivity. These findings shed light on the existence of structural and atomic defects in bulk nickelates and provide valuable insights into the influence of proper topotactic reduction and structural orders on superconductivity.
BBB dysfunction drives neurotoxic myeloid cells in glioblastoma and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Segura-Collar Berta , Mondejar-Ruescas Lucia , Garranzo-Asensio María , Mata-Martinez Pablo , Hernández-Laín Aurelio , Sepúlveda Juan Manuel , Nuñez Ángel Pérez , Avila Jesús , Sánchez-Gómez Pilar , Gargini Ricardo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) defines the physiological function of the brain and is disrupted in multiple neuropathological diseases. Although vascular abnormalities and BBB leakage characterize glioma progression and occurs in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), their correlation with the neurodegeneration observed in the brain parenchyma is unclear.
Methods
Using RNAseq, bioinformatics tools and a cohort of patients with Glioma and Alzheimer's disease for validation of results, we have established an analysis of BBB dysfunction and neuron loss. A mouse model for GBM pathology was also used that reversed BBB disruption and neuron loss, with the incorporation of the IDH mutation. Finally, to establish a characterization of the relevant immune populations with an IHC analysis and transcriptional profile.
Results
Molecular analysis of the brain’s ecosystem showed that gene expression signatures linked to BBB dysfunction and neuronal synapses correlate directly and inversely, respectively, with the progression of AD and gliomas. Using human samples, patient´s-derived xenografts and mice with orthotopically implanted glioma cells, we observed that neuronal loss is linked to BBB breakdown, particularly in mesenchymal tumors. This involves the extravasation of monocyte-derived macrophages, specifically those with a suppressive phenotype, along with an increase in inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, our data demonstrate that vascular normalization can revert the neuronal loss and aggressiveness in these gliomas.
Conclusions
We propose that BBB dysfunction is a common brain process that drives chronic inflammation, governed by suppressive myeloid cells. These results could help us to apply common therapies to the progression of central nervous system pathologies associated with BBB dysfunction, since it functions as an enhancer through toxic neuroinflammation and myeloid dysfunction.
Penile fracture with urethral injury: A case report of rare double trouble
Authors: Hameed Farooq , Anwaar Adeel , Saeed Humayun , Noor Usman , Saleem Abdullah , Anwaar Mamoona 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background A penile fracture occurs when the tunica albuginea of penis tears during erection. Penile fracture is a rare but serious injury that occurs when the erect penis sustains a traumatic force. It is characterized by a sudden snapping or popping sound, followed by immediate pain, swelling, and discoloration. Its association with concomitant urethral injury is very rare. This case study describes such a rare case.Case Presentation In this case study, we present the case of an old man of 47 years who experienced sudden pain and lost erection with a popping sound while having sexual intercourse. There was bloody discharge from the urethral opening and showed the distinct sign of an "Eggplant Deformity." This result confirmed the diagnosis. Immediate surgical intervention revealed damage to the left corpora and urethra. The procedure involved repairing the burst corporal tissue and reconstructing the damaged urethra. The surgery went smoothly without complications. The patient reported satisfactory erectile function and normal urination on follow up visit after two months.Conclusion Penile fracture with urethral injury is a rare but serious emergency. Prompt detection and surgical intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes and minimal complications. Depending on severity, either catheterization or repair may be necessary.
PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors-Induced Hypophysitis : A real-world retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Yan-Yan , Zhang Xia-Yan , Luo Song-Mei , Xu Yan-Yan , Huang Jian-Hui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose:The main purposes and research question was to describe the clinical,laboratory, imageology and morphological characteristics of hypophysitis induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors,and its long-time course.
Methods: This study was conducted at our hospital between January 2020 and October 2023,with longitudinal follow-up of patients 22 cases were included.
Results: The onset time ranged from 13 days to 802 days,The main symptom of the patients were fatigue and poor appetite :about 16 cases complained of fatigue and 13 of poor appetite,other symptom have:nausea,vomiting,fever,chest and so on.All patients presented adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and Serum cortisol (COR) deficiency. Two patients showed Supersellae cistern herniation underwent pituitary MRI.All patients' symptoms improved after treatment with glucocorticoids. At last follow-up, None of patients serum cortisol and ACTH were recovered .
Conclusion: Manifestations of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-induced hypophysitis were nonspecific, serum hormone should be closely monitored in routine work.
Control effects of electromagnetic induction on epileptic seizures
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Yang Yanying , Duan Lixia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Studies have shown that pyramidal neurons are significant in regulating seizures. Based on this, we employ a modified corticothalamic model to investigate the effect of magnetic flow on seizures by adding magnetic flow to pyramidal neurons. We first separately explore the effect of the excitatory projection (CEIN−PY) from the excitatory interneurons (EIN) to the pyramidal neuronal population (PY), the inhibitory projection (CIN−PY) from the inhibitory interneurons (IN) to PY, and the excitatory projection (CTC−PY) from the thalamic relay nucleus (TC) to PY on the epilepsy under electromagnetic induction. The findings indicate that the strong electromagnetic induction facilitates the elimination of seizures induced by pathways EIN-PY and IN-PY. However, for the seizures caused by pathway TC-PY, the electromagnetic induction triggers the system to shift from clonic seizures to spike and wave discharges (SWDs), meanwhile widens the spectrum of seizure manifestations. This further demonstrates that electromagnetic radiation has two sides. Furthermore, we use bifurcation analysis to obtain the dynamical mechanisms behind the transitions of discharge states, including fold limit cycle bifurcations, subcritical and supercritical Hopf bifurcations. It may provide insights into the significance of electromagnetic induction in the treatment of epilepsy.
Study on grinding removal mechanism and subsurface damage of bionic layered graphene ceramic matrix composites
Authors: Zhou Yunguang , Zou Ji , Zhang Chunxue , Li Dezhen , Ma Lianjie , Li Ming 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bionic layered graphene ceramic matrix composites have excellent properties of high strength, high toughness and heat resistance, and are important materials for national defense equipment, but they are also typical brittle and difficult-to-machine materials. To achieve high quality and low damage machining of the composite parts, grinding removal mechanism and subsurface damage are investigated in this paper. Firstly, the SPH simulation models for indentation and scratching of a single diamond grain are established. The effect of addition of graphene nanosheets on the crack expansion mechanism and subsurface damage is investigated. Then, the simulation models of different angles of graphene nanosheets are established to analyze the effect of graphene anisotropy on grinding process of composites. Finally, the grinding removal mechanism of the composites is investigated by analysing crack expansion and removal forms of the composites at different scratching velocities and depths. The results show that incorporation of graphene nanosheets can reduce subsurface damage of composites and provide a certain shielding effect on the cracks. The optimal effects for reducing subsurface damage and cracks are obtained when graphene nanosheets angle is 0°. As scratching depth increases, the material removal mode gradually changes from plastic removal to brittle removal, and subsurface damage and crack depths also increases. The increase in scratching velocity leads to a subsequent increase in material strain rate, which inhibits crack generation and reduces subsurface damage depth. The form of material removal and crack generation in scratching experiments is consistent with the simulation analysis when changing the scratching depth. Furthermore, the effect of graphene nanosheets on crack deflection corresponds with the simulation results. This study can provide an important theoretical basis for the grinding process of bionic layered graphene ceramic matrix composite parts.
Nonlinear vibration and stability analysis of a clamped-clamped nonlocal strain gradient fluid-conveying nanosensor subjected to a longitudinal magnetic field
Authors: Feng-Xia Wu , Yan Yan , Wen-Quan Wang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, the nonlinear vibration and stability analysis of fluid-conveying carbon nanotubes (CNTs) sensor subjected to a longitudinal magnetic field are studied. Firstly, in the framework of the nonlocal strain gradient theory and the Euler-Bernoulli theory, the higher-order fluid–structure interaction (FSI) governing equation is first derived by employing the Hamilton principle. The higher order boundary conditions are then obtained using the weighted residual method. The differential transformation method (DTM) is next used to solve the six-order linear differential equation of motion, and the Galerkin method and variational iteration method are used to solve the six-order nonlinear problem. After that, dimensionless natural frequencies and the critical flow velocity—associated with divergence of nanosensor system are investigated with the rotary inertia terms, the nonlocal and strain gradient parameter, higher order boundary conditions as well as the longitudinal magnetic field. In addition, the nonlocal frequency shift percent (NFSP) and strain gradient frequency shift percent (SFSP) are further analyzed which are useful to design the fluid-conveying CNTs sensor. Finally, the influence of various fluids on critical flow velocities in nanosensors is investigated. The results provided in this work are expected to explain the experimentally-observed size-dependent phenomena in nanomechanics and to effectively design the fluid-conveying CNTs nanosensors.
Novel Prognostic Biomarkers in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Unveiled by Mega-Data Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Tan Yishuai , Zhou Jiao , Liu Kai , Liu Ruowu , Zhou Jing , Wu Zhenru , Li Linke , Zeng Jiaqi , Feng Xuxian , Dong Biao , Du Jintao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage with a high incidence rate in Southeast Asia and Southeast China. However, the limited availability of NPC patient survival data in public databases has resulted in less rigorous studies examining the prediction of NPC survival through construction of Kaplan-Meier curves. These studies have primarily relied on small samples of NPC patients with progression-free survival (PFS) information or data from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) studies almost without NPC patients. Thus, we coanalyzed RNA expression profiles in eleven datasets (46 normal (control) vs 160 tumor (NPC)) downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and survival data provided by Jun Ma from Sun Yat-sen University. Then, differential analysis, gene ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and network analysis were performed using STRING database. After that, 2142 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 3857 downregulated DEGs were screened. Twenty-five of them were identified as hub genes, which were enriched in several pathways (cilium movement, extracellular matrix structural constituent, homologous recombination and cell cycle). Utilizing the comprehensive dataset we amassed from GEO database, we conducted a survival analysis of DEGs and subsequently constructed survival models. Seven DEGs (RASGRP2, MOCOS, TTC9, ARHGAP4, DPM3, CD37, and CD72) were identified and closely related to the survival prognosis of NPC. Finally, qRT-PCR and IHC were performed to confirm the elevated expression of RASGRP2 and the decreased expression of TTC9, CD37, DPM3 and ARHGAP4, consistent with the DEG analysis. Conclusively, our findings provide insights into the novel prognostic biomarkers of NPC by mega-data bioinformatics analysis, which suggests that they may serve special targets in the treatment of NPC.
Transcriptome profiling, cloning, and characterization of AnGlu04478, a Ginsenoside Hydrolyzing β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger NG1306
Authors: jiang mingxing , Zhu Ling , Xie Shuhan , Ren Zhen , Chen Xiu , Wen Mengliang , Yin Genshen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Minor ginsenosides exhibit superior pharmacological activity compared to major ginsenosides, yet their presence in plants is limited. Therefore, it is crucial to efficiently obtain minor ginsenosides. Specific glycoside hydrolases offer the advantage of converting major ginsenosides into specific minor counterparts under mild reaction conditions while minimizing structural damage. In this study, we utilized total ginsenosides extracted from Panax notoginseng leaves as substrates to stimulate the growth of Aspergillus niger NG1306. Transcriptome analysis revealed that Anglu04478 potentially participates in the biotransformation process of ginsenosides. Subsequently, it was cloned and expressed in Transetta (DE3). The AnGlu04478 protein was purified by Ni2+ column and its enzymatic properties were characterized. The results show that the optimum pH was 4.5 and the optimum temperature was 40°C, Cu2+ had a certain inhibitory effect on AnGlu04478, while other metal ions had little effect on it. AnGlu04478 had a certain tolerance to ethanol, and it was not significantly affected by product (glucose) feedback inhibition. Using pNPG as a substrate, the kinetic parameter Km of AnGlu04478 was 1.55 mmol/L, the Vmax was 0.014 mmol/min. The test with ginsenosides as substrate showed that it could selectively hydrolyze glucose of ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rb3 and Rc at C3, and the putative metabolic pathway was Rb1 → GypXVII, Rb2 → C-O, Rb3 → C-Mx1 → C-Mx, Rc →C-Mc1.These findings indicate that AnGlu04478 exhibits substrate promiscuity as a β-glucosidase, thereby expanding the options for ginsenosides biotransformation.
Overexpression of CDCA8 predicts poor prognosis and drug insensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gu Huiquan , Gao Xinzheng , Han Wenlong , Wang Fangyu , Zhang Hanqiang , Yao Longyu , Chen Weimin , Liu Qiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for the highest proportion of lung cancers; however, specific biomarkers are lacking for diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic assessment. Cell division cycle-associated 8 (CDCA8) is a cell cycle regulator with elevated expression in various cancers. However, the association between CDCA8 expression and LUAD prognosis remains unclear.
Methods.
The association between CDCA8 and LUAD prognosis was evaluated based on the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, and CDCA8 related functions were determined using gene enrichment and gene ontology analyses. We also analyzed the association between CDCA8 expression and immune cell infiltration. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the differential expression of CDCA8 in tumors and controls. Finally, we evaluated the differences in the sensitivity of different levels of CDCA8 to different anticancer drugs in LUAD.
Results.
CDCA8 expression was significantly higher in primary LUAD tumors than in normal tissues (P < 0.001). Moreover, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that high CDCA8 expression predicted poor survival in patients with LUAD (P = 0.006). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves indicated that CDCA8 was an effective guide for the diagnosis of LUAD. Functional annotation indicated that CDCA8 might be involved in functions such as p53 stabilization, nucleotide metabolism, RNA-mediated gene silencing, and the G2/M phase checkpoint. Immune infiltration results suggested that CDCA8 was positively correlated with Th2 cells and Tgd and negatively correlated with Eosinophils and Mast cells (P < 0.01). In addition, elevated expression of CDCA8 may increase the sensitivity of patients to certain anticancer drugs.
Conclusions.
CDCA8 upregulation is significantly associated with poor survival and immune infiltration in patients with LUAD. Our study suggests that CDCA8 can be used as a biomarker for LUAD prognosis and a reference for personalized medication.