bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A CASE STUDY ON RETROPERITONEAL MASSES
Authors: Hawrami Tahir , Aziz Dalya , Mohammed Dara 
Published: December 2023

Background
Retroperitoneal masses are a large group of uncommon tumours which originate in the retroperitoneal space in the abdomen. Their diverse presentations and locations make them difficult to diagnose by surgeons and need precise radiological diagnosis. Most of the diagnosed tumours are in advanced size and stage and are malignant in nature. Some of them are radio/chemotherapy sensitive but the definite management should be by complete resections of the tumours.
Objectives
The primary aim of our study is to identify patients diagnosed with retroperitoneal masses among elective cases in two surgical hospitals in Sulaimani governorate/ Iraq over four years. All underwent combined surgical management with chemo/radiotherapy and followed up.
Materials and Methods
Seven patients with retroperitoneal masses are reported in this paper, five of whom are male and two females. Their ages range from 3 to 72 years, and the mean age is 40.4. In addition, other surgeons who practiced in different specialties brought some of the cases to us. Over four years, they were hospitalized and treated at Sulaimani Teaching Hospital and Soma Private Hospital. The patients underwent surgery following a thorough history, physical examination, and imaging, and the histological findings determined the definitive diagnosis. In addition to direct questioning the patients and patients’ parents (as one case was a child) to obtain their consent, information was gathered from the medical records of both hospitals.
Results
Complete resection of retroperitoneal tumours by surgical approach was reported in five patients included in the study, and residual tumours were reported in two. An uneventful post-operative period in all of them, and recurrence was recorded in the follow-up period in three of them. Histopathological findings were: two well-differentiated liposarcomas, one dedifferentiated liposarcoma, one Ewing sarcoma, one rhabdomyosarcoma, one ganglioneuroma, and one lipoma. Mortality was reported in three of the patients.
Conclusion
Retroperitoneal tumours are rare and require precise diagnosis by physical examination and imaging modalities. The primary management method in our study was surgical resection combined with neoadjuvant chemo/radiotherapy and regular follow-up.
Efficacy of Post-Extraction Suturing on the Incidence of Dry Socket Occurrence in Erupted and Semi-Erupted Mandibular Third Molar: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Saeed Aram , Amin Zanyar 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of dry sockets in patients in relation to their clinical parameters such as pain, the disintegration of the clot, and halitosis regardless of their oral hygiene status. Also, to find sex and age-related to the reported parameters during surgical technique (time and complication).Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was done on 60 patients (30 study group and 30 control group) aged 21 -50 years with semi-erupted and full-erupted lower 3rd molars, which were indicated for extraction. The mandibular 3rd molar was extracted without any suturing in the control group, while extraction of the 3rd molar for the study group using a figure-eight suture. All the patients were evaluated for pain, presence of clot and condition of the alveolar bone to diagnose dry socket.Results: The incidence of dry sockets was only 3 cases (5%) (one in study group and another two in control group) who were male heavy smokers. Regarding the clinical signs after 3, 5, and 7 days of tooth extraction, pain was severe/very severe in 3.3% at extraction sites in the study group and 6.7% in the control group on the 3rd day. While, the pain was moderate in 3.3% and 6.7% at extraction sites in the study and control groups, respectively, on the 5th day. In both groups, the blood clot was found in 100% of extraction sites on the 5th and 7th days but it was not found in 3.3% and 6.7% of extraction sites in study and control groups on the 3rd postoperative day, respectively. Also, halitosis was found in only 1% of the control group on the 3rd day but it was absent in 100% of the study group on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th postoperative days and the control group on the 5th and 7th days.Conclusions: We realized that the incidence of dry sockets was less without significant difference in patients with a figure-eight suturing of extraction site that might be the cause for reducing pain in a study group as well as the amount of blood clot on 3rd postoperative day.
Extra-articular Distal Tibial Fracture: A Comparative Study of the Outcome Between Closed IMLN and MIPO
Authors: Abdulrahim Yad , Al-Tamimi Ali 
Published: December 2023

Background: The treatment of distal tibial fractures (DTF) is still up for debate. For DTF, minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) and intramedullary nailing (IMLN) are potentially effective techniques; however, they have been linked to complications. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate and compare clinical and functional results in individuals with DTF that were managed with MIPO or IMLN.Patients and Methods: Between August 2020 and February 2022, 31 patients with closed extra-articular distal tibia fractures were enrolled in a comparative study of locking plate by MIPO versus closed IMLN at the Sulaimani Teaching Hospital and Shar Teaching Hospital. The Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) and Johner and Wruh's criteria were used to evaluate the results.Results: IMLN was used on 16 individuals, while MIPO was used on 15 patients that underwent surgery. In terms of time, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in fracture union, malunion, or functional results. However, there was a significant difference in total weight-bearing following surgery, blood loss, and complications in terms of the operation time.Conclusions: Both techniques were effective in treating a distal tibial extra-articular fracture. IMLN had a faster complete weight-bearing time and a shorter operation time. At the same time, MIPO had less blood loss and equal time in complete union. Thus, we recommend using FAAM as a valuable tool in evaluating functional outcomes after distal tibia fracture.
An In Vitro Comparative Study of Maxillary Denture Base Retention Between Conventional Fabrication and 3D Printed Techniques
Authors: Qadir Gasha , Abdulkareem Jwan 
Published: December 2023

Objective: Many researchers have attempted to assess 3D printing as a manufacturing method to be used as an alternative for theconventional means. The current study aimed to determine the feasibility of 3D printed complete dentures in terms of retention.Methods: An edentulous maxillary model with an overlaying layer of mucosa was fabricated by 3D printing, using two different resinsfor the mucosa and model, which were then glued together to establish the final model. Afterwards, 8 single step putty and washimpressions were recorded with addition silicone. Each impression was scanned with a laboratory scanner. From each impression astone cast was fabricated on which a conventional baseplate was constructed by heat polymerized PMMA with the pack and presstechnique. Meanwhile, from the 8 STL files of the scanned impressions, 8 baseplates were designed and printed with the denture baseresin. Next, each of the 16 baseplates were connected to a loop at their center. Finally, the retentive value of all baseplates was measured by means of the universal testing machine. A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the significance of retentive difference between the two groups.
Results: The statistical analysis revealed that the printed dentures were significantly more retentive than the conventional, with a p-value of less than 0.029 and mean values of 15.0462 N and 12.05 N respectively.
Conclusions: This study concluded that 3D printed complete dentures were significantly more retentive than the conventionallyfabricated dentures.
Semantic changes of English Euphemisms
Authors: Hilola Ismailova Inomovna  
Published: December 2023

Given article is devoted to the study of semantic changes of Euphemisms. It discusses the differences and similarities of euphemisms in all the sphere of life. Euphemisms are used to replace social taboos, swearing, blasphemy, profanity and other offensive language, but they can be used just to make a common word sound more sophisticated. For indirect expressing, stylistic means like figures of speech can be used for expressing euphemisms.
Another subject mentioned in the paper is euphemistic strategies discussed from pragmatic point of view.
Factors Associated With Hospital Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sivkov O. G. 
Published: December 2023

Aim To determine clinical and laboratory parameters associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction and to develop a multifactorial prognostic model of in-hospital mortality.Material and methods This was a study based on the 2019-2020 Registry of acute coronary syndrome of the Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, a branch of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center. The study included 477 patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 617 patients with non-ST segment elevation AMI, and 26 patients with unspecified AMI. In-hospital mortality was 6.0 % (n=67). Clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed on the day of admission. The separation power of indicators associated with in-hospital mortality was determined using a ROC analysis. The data array of each quantitative parameter was converted into a binary variable according to the obtained cut-off thresholds, followed by creation of a multifactorial model for predicting in-hospital mortality using a stepwise analysis with backward inclusion (Wald). The null hypothesis was rejected at p<0.05.Results The multivariate model for prediction of in-hospital mortality included age (cut-off, 72 years), OR 3.0 (95 % CI: 1.5-5.6); modified shock index (cut-off threshold, 0.87), OR 1.5 (95 % CI: 1.1-2.0); creatine phosphokinase-MB (cut-off threshold, 32.8 U / L), OR 4.1 (95 % CI: 2.2-7.7); hemoglobin (121.5 g / l), OR 1.7 (95 % CI: 1.2-2.3); leukocytes (11.5×109 / l), OR 1.9 (95 % CI: 1.3-2.6); glomerular filtration rate (60.9 ml / min), OR 1.7 (95 % CI: 1.2-2.2); left ventricular ejection fraction (42.5 %), OR 4.1 (95 % CI: 2.0-8.3); and size of myocardial asynergy (32.5 %), OR 2.6 (95 % CI: 1.4-5.0).Conclusions Independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in AMI are age, modified shock index, creatine phosphokinase-MB, peripheral blood leukocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, left ventricular ejection fraction, size of myocardial asynergy, and glomerular filtration rate. The in-hospital mortality model had a high predictive potential: AUC 0.930 (95 % CI: 0.905-0.954; p <0.001) with a cutoff threshold of 0.15; sensitivity 0.851, and specificity 0.850.
Correlation of Serum Endocan Level With Apoptosis Indicators and Severity of Atherosclerotic Lesions of Coronary Arteries in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Zakharyan E. A. , Gritskevich O. Yu. , Ibragimova R. E. , Grigoriev P. E. 
Published: December 2023

Aim To study the relationship of blood serum concentration of endocan with indexes of apoptosis and clinical and instrumental characteristics of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD).Material and methods The study included 176 subjects (105 men and 71 women). 150 of them were diagnosed with IHD and 26 were healthy volunteers. Anthropometric measurements, coronary angiography, echocardiography, duplex ultrasound scanning of extracranial parts of the brachiocephalic arteries were performed for all patients. Concentrations of endocan (ng / ml), glucose (mmol / l), and apoptotic markers Bcl-2 (ng / ml), Bax (ng / ml), Bcl-2 / Bax, TRAIL (pg / ml), and p53 (ng / ml) were measured in blood serum. Patients were divided into groups based on their SYNTAX scores: group 1 with moderate atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries (CA) (score < 22, 78 patients); group 2 with severe CA atherosclerosis (score 23-32, 37 patients); and group 3 with extremely severe CA lesions (score >33, 35 patients). The control group consisted of healthy volunteers (26 subjects). All groups were age- and sex-matched. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.Results A correlation was found between endocan concentration and IHD severity (r=0.32, p<0.001). In group 1, the median endocan concentration was 14.57 ng / ml [8.21; 23.66], in group 2, 19.34 ng / ml [8.425; 26.645], in group 3, 32.13 ng / ml [18.2; 39.12], and in the control group, 6.92 ng / ml [4.62; 9.18]. Correlations of varying strength and significance were observed between the endocan concentration and a number of clinical and instrumental characteristics. Endocan concentrations significantly differed in groups of patients with multifocal atherosclerosis (p<0.01), angina pectoris (p<0.01), a history of myocardial infarction (p<0.001), and obesity (p<0.05) from patients without these signs. Also, a correlation was found between serum endocan concentration and apoptotic markers: TRAIL (r= -0.448, p<0.001); BCL-2 (r= -0.552, p<0.001), Bax (r= -0.519, p<0.001), Bcl-2 / Bax (r= -0.576, p<0.001) and p53 (r= -0.520, p <0.001).Conclusion The study demonstrated a potential role of endocan as a promising biomarker for risk stratification, prognosis and therapeutic monitoring of IHD patients.
A STUDY TO ANALYSE THE QUALITY OF PROBLEMS POSED BY PRE-SERVICE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS ON SQUARE ROOT EXPRESSIONS
Authors: Mersin Nazan , Karabörk Mehmet Akif , Gedik Altun Solmaz Damla 
Published: December 2023

In this study, it was aimed to examine the problems that the pre-service mathematics teachers posed about the square root expressions. 35 pre-service teachers studying in the third grade of the middle school mathematics teaching department of a state university participated in this study in which the case study method was used. Each pre-service teacher was asked to pose 2 free problems related to the square root expressions. The collected data were analyzed according to the framework created by the researcher in line with the literature. Accordingly, the problems that the pre-service mathematics teachers posed were examined in terms of mathematically, data quality, grammar and expression, instructions and amount of data in the problems, solvability and overall assessment (availability). As a result, it was seen that pre-service teachers generally set up problems involving daily life, more than half of the problems they set up were solvable, but there were also problems that could not be solved due to logic errors, conceptual errors and lack of mathematical instructions. In addition, although there were errors in terms of language and expression in the problems, the majority of the pre-service teachers used language and expression at an adequate level.
Differentiated choice of therapy regimen for acute poisoning with topical decongestants in children using a medical decision support system
Authors: Karpushkina Ekaterina S. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Acute poisoning in children is a major public health issue worldwide. Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) is designed to improve quality of medical care by integrating scientific knowledge and research with information technology.
Aim. Analyze clinical features of poisoning, identify unintentional differences in drug therapy and create a CDSS for individual choice of therapy for acute poisoning in children.
Materials and methods. This study includes 178 children hospitalized with acute drug poisoning in Voronezh Regional Children's Clinical Hospital No. 1 from 2016 to 2022. The CDSS for poisoning with topical decongestants includes an algorithm for determination of the case severity depending on the patient's complaints, state of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and autonomic nervous system.
Results. Most frequently poisoning in young children (under 5 years old) was caused by topical decongestants - 31 people (17.1%). After implementation of information technologies there was a significant decrease from 87.5% to 62.5% in the frequency of prescription of laboratory tests and infusion therapy in young children (p0.05). Decrease of glucocorticosteroid therapy in young children from 50% to 12.5% (p0,05).
Conclusion. Information technologies implemented in the form of CDSS make it possible to carry out diagnosis and take therapeutic measures with consideration to individual features of the patient, reduce frequency of laboratory tests and drug load.
Study of the analgesic activity of new partially hydrogenated pyridines, α-cyanothioacetamide derivatives in the pharmacological tail heat immersion test on white rats
Authors: Bocheva Anastasia A. , Bibik Elena Yu. , Krivokolysko Sergey G. 
Published: December 2023

Experimental study of pain helps to understand its mechanisms, features and physiological manifestations, which is essential for physiology, practical biomedicine and pharmacology.
The new derivatives of di- and tetrahydropyridines synthesized in the research laboratory "Chemex" on the basis of Lugansk State University named after Vladimir Dahl were subjected to virtual bioscreening using the Swiss Target Prediction software package. Biological screening conducted in vivo, in a thermal tail immersion test on white rats, for new, partially hydrogenated pyridines, derivatives of -cyanothioacetamide, showed the presence of the most pronounced analgesic activity (with intra-gastric using at a dose of 5 mg / kg of body weight of a laboratory animal) in four compounds with laboratory ciphers cv-091, cv-095, cv-099, cv-142.
Identifying Factors Related to Divorce in Iranian Couples: A Case Study in Yazd, Iran
Authors: Tavakolian Nastaran , Madadizadeh Farzan , Taheri Soodejani Moslem , Lotfi Mohammad Hassan 
Published: December 2023

Background: Divorce is one of the most damaging social issues. Since the divorce rates are increasing rapidly, the current study evaluated the effects of factors leading to divorce.
Methods: In this qualitative study, by using two-stage sampling method (purposive and snowball) 4 couples on the verge of divorce visiting consulting center and 8 experts with experience in the field of family and divorce in Yazd city were selected. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. The contents of the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a content analysis method.
Results: The experts who participated in this study included several marriage and divorce registrars, lawyers, and family counselors with over 10 years of experience in the field of family and divorce. The mean age of women on the verge of divorce was 33 ± 8.51 years and for men 37.2 ± 6.13 years. Fifty percent of the couples had a bachelor's degree and 62.5% of them were self-employed. Most of them had a marriage period of 5-10 years. A total of 23 codes were extracted from the interviews. The codes were organized into four main themes. Major topics included lack of preparation for marriage, psychological factors, unfavorable marital relationships, and social factors.
Conclusion: The interference of families, extramarital relationships, early marriage and the lack of communication skills and media literacy are the most influential factors of divorce.
Evaluation of Serum Annexin A1 Values in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: KÜÇÜK İrfan , YAZGAN Yusuf , YILDIRIM İdris , AKBAŞ ŞİMŞEK Tuğba , ÇAKIR GÜNEY Başak , SALMANOĞLU Musa , KAPLAN Mustafa 
Published: December 2023

Objective: Annexin A1(AnxA1) is an anti-inflammatory mediator. In the current study,we aimed to evaluate whether or not serum Annexin A1 levels of inflammatory boweldiseases (IBDs) patients relate to the clinical and laboratory traits of IBDs.
Methods: This case-control study included 67 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients (47 males and 20 females), 53 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients (37 males and 16 females) and 60 healthy controls (36 males and 24 females). The Mayo Clinical scoring system (MCS) was used for UC and the histological activity index (HAI) was determined by Truelove and Richards method. The Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) was used for CD patients. Montreal classification was used for the localization of IBDs.
Results: The mean serum AnxA1 concentrations were not statistically significant in UC, CD and the control groups (26.36±17.30 ng/ml vs 22.98±12.74 vs 24.45±12.18 ng/ml respectively, p=0.404). The MCS, HAI of UC patients negatively correlated with the serum AnxA1 values (rho=-0.616, p
Search for differentially methylated regions in ancient and modern genomes
Authors: Borodko D. D. , Zhenilo S. V. , Sharko F. S. 
Published: December 2023

Currently, active research is focused on investigating the mechanisms that regulate the development of various pathologies and their evolutionary dynamics. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, play a significant role in evolutionary processes, as their changes have a faster impact on the phenotype compared to mutagenesis. In this study, we attempted to develop an algorithm for identifying differentially methylated regions associated with metabolic syndrome, which have undergone methylation changes in humans during the transition from a hunter­gatherer to a sedentary lifestyle. The application of existing whole­genome bisulfite sequencing methods is limited for ancient samples due to their low quality and fragmentation, and the approach to obtaining DNA methylation profiles differs significantly between ancient hunter­gatherer samples and modern tissues. In this study, we validated DamMet, an algorithm for reconstructing ancient methylomes. Application of DamMet to Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes showed a moderate level of correlation with previously published methylation profiles and demonstrated an underestimation of methylation levels in the reconstructed profiles by an average of 15–20 %. Additionally, we developed a new Python­based algorithm that allows for the comparison of methylomes in ancient and modern samples, despite the absence of methylation profiles in modern bone tissue within the context of obesity. This analysis involves a two­step data processing approach, where the first step involves the identification and filtration of tissue­specific methylation regions, and the second step focuses on the direct search for differentially methylated regions in specific areas associated with the researcher’s target condition. By applying this algorithm to test data, we identified 38 differentially methylated regions associated with obesity, the majority of which were located in promoter regions. The pipeline demonstrated sufficient efficiency in detecting these regions. These results confirm the feasibility of reconstructing DNA methylation profiles in ancient samples and comparing them with modern methylomes. Furthermore, possibilities for further methodological development and the implementation of a new step for studying differentially methylated positions associated with evolutionary processes are discussed.