bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermionic physics fromab initiopath integral Monte Carlo simulations of fictitious identical particles
Authors: Dornheim Tobias , Tolias Panagiotis , Groth Simon , Moldabekov Zhandos A. , Vorberger Jan , Hirshberg Barak 
Published: October 2023

The ab initio path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) method is one of the most successful methods in statistical physics, quantum chemistry and related fields, but its application to quantum degenerate Fermi systems is severely hampered by an exponential computational bottleneck: the notorious fermion sign problem. Very recently, Xiong and Xiong [J. Chem. Phys. 157, 094112 (2022)] have suggested to partially circumvent the sign problem by carrying out simulations of fictitious systems guided by an interpolating continuous variable ξ ∈ [−1, 1], with the physical Fermi- and Bose-statistics corresponding to ξ = −1 and ξ = 1. It has been proposed that information about the fermionic limit might be obtained by calculations within the bosonic sector ξ &gt; 0 combined with an extrapolation throughout the fermionic sector ξ &lt; 0, essentially bypassing the sign problem. Here, we show how the inclusion of the artificial parameter ξ can be interpreted as an effective penalty on the formation of permutation cycles in the PIMC simulation. We demonstrate that the proposed extrapolation method breaks down for moderate to high quantum degeneracy. Instead, the method constitutes a valuable tool for the description of large Fermi-systems of weak quantum degeneracy. This is demonstrated for electrons in a 2D harmonic trap and for the uniform electron gas (UEG), where we find excellent agreement (∼0.5%) with exact configuration PIMC results in the high-density regime while attaining a speed-up exceeding 11 orders of magnitude. Finally, we extend the idea beyond the energy and analyze the radial density distribution (2D trap), as well as the static structure factor and imaginary-time density–density correlation function (UEG).
Language-specific principles of discourse conceptualization in L2 English
Authors: Starren Marianne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn a previous series of crosslinguistic empirical studies in the domain of narratives and picture descriptions, it has been shown that different conceptual principles of discourse structure are built by L1 users based on routine cognitive processes. These in turn seem to be induced by the underlying language-specific properties of the L1s. Native speakers of Dutch and German, for example, tend to conceptualize and structure the progression of the narrative or description through linking devices in utterance-initial position, primarily through the use of the protagonist or temporal/locative adverbials. In contrast, native English speakers tend to prefer linking with the (syntactic) subject in initial position. The present study shows how complex it is for very advanced Dutch learners of L2 English to unravel these non-superficial underlying conceptual discourse structures in their L2. The question is whether they can overcome the routinized cognitive schemata of language processing that go with their habitual L1 strategies of telling a story or describing a picture. This paper shows how even very advanced Dutch learners can only partially learn the narrative or descriptive strategies of native English speakers.
Crosslinguistic differences in initial word recognition
Authors: Majdoub Hedi , Watorek Marzena , Rast Rebekah , Trévisiol Pascale 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present article addresses the extent to which learners’ mental representations, in particular the phonological and lexical representations of learners’ background languages, influence their ability to perceive and extract linguistic units from a novel speech stream. In the study, native speakers of French were exposed to an unfamiliar language, either Polish or Modern Standard Arabic. A word recognition test taken at first exposure revealed important differences in how French speakers/listeners extract words from the Polish or Arabic speech stream, suggesting that source language representations work differently depending on the specificities of the target language. In addition to providing insights into the effects of source and target language properties on speech perception, these results contribute to on-going discussions about what constitutes crosslinguistic influence and conceptual transfer in second language acquisition research.
Public disagreements among health experts and their polarizing effects during a pandemic health crisis
Authors: Labinaz Paolo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper focuses on the communication styles used by health experts when addressing the public about COVID-19, and the negative effects these styles had on the non-expert public’s ability to understand these issues and make well-informed decisions. Specifically, it examines the use of assertive styles within an Austin-inspired speech-act theoretical framework. By analyzing Twitter threads discussing COVID-19 following the first lockdown in Italy, I explore how these communication styles contribute to the polarization of non-experts, aligning them with different experts. In conclusion, I emphasize the importance for health experts to carefully select appropriate communication styles when engaging with the non-expert public to avoid undermining trust in scientific expertise, as observed during the COVID-19 crisis.
Pursuing understanding or engaging the patient?
Authors: Caronia Letizia , Ranzani Federica , Colla Vittoria 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter reports findings from a single-case study on primary care visits involving a general practitioner (GP), three unaccompanied foreign minors (UFMs) with low competence in the language of the visit, and two professional educators in charge of them. Adopting a conversation analysis-informed approach, we illustrate a communicative practice deployed by the GP: “making the body speak”. Through this practice, the physician makes his own or the UFMs’ body multimodally relevant as an ostensibly available and intersubjectively sharable counterpart of words. The analysis shows that this practice is deployed to scaffold UFM patients in reporting their medical history. We advance that, through this recipient-designed practice, the GP overcomes the dilemma of gathering information vs. acknowledging UFMs’ identity as competent patients despite the linguistic gap.
Whose common ground?
Authors: Udvardi Anna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The chapter examines 76 audio-recorded first encounters between physiotherapists (PT) and patients. It argues that the knowledge translation during a medical visit starts by fully understanding the patient’s agenda. There are four main foci of the analysis: (1) the classification of PTs’ opening questions, which initiate the problem presentation phase of the visit, (2) the classification of patients’ answers given to those questions, (3) analyzing the relations between these question-answer pairs, and (4) the identification of dialogical mechanisms that may help or hinder the creation of common ground. Within the last aspect, the analysis demonstrates three main communicative practices: meaning negotiation and summary, question-answer style, and redirection. The first one is argued to best enhance the co-construction of common ground.
Peer experts as actors for shared understanding in Spanish online health fora
Authors: De Cock Barbara , Figueras Bates Carolina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, we compare how ‘peer experts’, understood as lay users who have achieved expertise and credibility on a particular health condition through personal experience (Vydiswaran and Reddy 2019), fulfill a bridging function by creating shared understandings on patient fora on diabetes vs eating disorders. The analysis revealed that the discursive construction of expertise concerning both conditions differs in relation to the weight and the nature of the personal experience claimed by the peer expert. The linguistic material deployed in each forum to index inclusion and shared understanding concerns the use of person reference, the use of cognitive verbs, as well as certain strategies that might question the experiences and shared understandings negotiated by members of both patient communities.
Uncertainty in healthcare
Authors: Han Paul K.J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Uncertainty in healthcare is a complex phenomenon that arises from multiple sources, pertains to myriad issues,
resides in numerous people’s minds, and has various effects. Language is the primary medium by which uncertainty is both
psychologically produced and socially shared; pragmatic approaches can thus be useful in understanding uncertainty in healthcare, and
in this chapter I identify promising directions for future research. These include measuring uncertainty, evaluating both its causes
and the strategies clinicians and patients use to manage it, and improving the management of uncertainty. I attempt to show how
pragmatic approaches can contribute to these efforts and enable researchers as well as clinicians and patients to better understand,
manage, and tolerate the many uncertainties that arise in healthcare.
The pragmatics of diagnostic uncertainty
Authors: Dahm Maria R. , Crock Carmel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Diagnosis is a complex communicative and clinical task. This interdisciplinary study explores diagnostic statements, specifically uncertainty, combining perspectives from medicine and linguistics. We infer divergent understanding of uncertainty expressions between patients and clinicians, linking them to diagnostic errors and shared decision making.
We analysed 16 role-play scenarios, applying discourse analysis to identify diagnostic statements and analyse them for shared understanding and expressions of uncertainty.
Results showed that in interactions linked to diagnostic error, clinicians heavily relied on evidence and expressed uncertainty indirectly through hesitations, false starts, and lengthy introductory phrases. This suggests clinicians use evidence and phrases as ‘shields’ to signal their lack of commitment to the diagnosis. If these shields aren’t recognised as such, shared understanding may be at risk.
How uncertainty can be turned into shared understanding
Authors: Tseng Ming-Yu , Zhang Grace 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter investigates how uncertainty is communicated in highly-rated medical answers. Particular attention is paid to the discourse elements that may render the use of vague language to be more positively than negatively received during the delivery of helpful answers to health information seekers in online medical consultations (OMCs). We argue that uncertainty does not equate to an evasive answer; instead, uncertainty can be turned into shared understanding with the use of effective strategies. Data in Chinese were collected from a government-funded website based in Taiwan. The findings suggest that vague language can facilitate the successful delivery of health information when it is used in conjunction with higher-order stretching of a medical reply, aimed at offering a patient-centered medical answer.
A narrative review of current perspectives on urinary tract infections in dogs and cats
Authors: Alasmar Mohammed , El-Khodery Sabry , Youssef Mohamed , El-Ashker Maged 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common diseases in dogs and cats. The infections occur when the natural defence systems of the urinary tract and pathogenic bacteria are out of balance. Diagnosis of UTIs requires a simultaneous evaluation of clinical signs and urine culture, which is necessary before initiating appropriate antibiotic therapy. Several variables, such as subclinical bacteriuria or pre-analytical errors, can make the interpretation of urine cultures problematic. The aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date overview of UTIs in dogs and cats and to improve the current understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenic aspects of uropathogens, and innovative therapeutic modalities.
Geometric post-Newtonian description of massive spin-half particles in curved spacetime
Authors: Alibabaei Ashkan , Schwartz Philip K , Giulini Domenico 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider the Dirac equation coupled to an external electromagnetic field in curved four-dimensional spacetime with a given timelike worldlineγrepresenting a classical clock. We use generalised Fermi normal coordinates in a tubular neighbourhood ofγand expand the Dirac equation up to, and including, the second order in the dimensionless parameter given by the ratio of the geodesic distance to the radii defined by spacetime curvature, linear acceleration ofγ, and angular velocity of rotation of the employed spatial reference frame alongγ. With respect to the time measured by the clockγ, we compute the Dirac Hamiltonian to that order. On top of this ‘weak-gravity’ expansion we then perform a post-Newtonian expansion up to, and including, the second order of1/c, corresponding to a ‘slow-velocity’ expansion with respect toγ. As a result of these combined expansions we give the weak-gravity post-Newtonian expression for the Pauli Hamiltonian of a spin-half particle in an external electromagnetic field. This extends and partially corrects recent results from the literature, which we discuss and compare in some detail.
Conformal scattering theories for tensorial wave equations on Schwarzschild spacetime
Authors: Pham Truong Xuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we establish the constructions of conformal scattering theories for the tensorial wave equation such as the tensorial Fackerell-Ipser and the spin ±1 Teukolsky equations on Schwarzschild spacetime. In our strategy, we construct the conformal scattering for the tensorial Fackerell-Ipser equations which are obtained from the Maxwell equation and spin ±1 Teukolsky equations. Our method combines Penrose’s conformal compactification and the energy decay results of the tensorial fields satisfying the tensorial Fackerell-Ipser equation to prove the energy equality of the fields through the conformal boundary

H

+

∪

I

+

(resp.

H

−

∪

I

−

) and the initial Cauchy hypersurface

Σ
0

=

t
=
0

. We will prove the well-posedness of the Goursat problem by using a generalization of Hörmander’s results for the tensorial wave equations. By using the results for the tensorial Fackerell-Ipser equations we will establish the construction of conformal scattering for the spin ±1 Teukolsky equations.
Simplified top-down fabrication of sub-micron silicon nanowires
Authors: Zare Pakzad Sina , Akinci Seckin , Karimzadehkhouei Mehrdad , Alaca B Erdem 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Silicon nanowires are among the most promising nanotechnology building blocks in innovative devices with numerous applications as nanoelectromechanical systems. Downscaling the physical size of these devices and optimization of material functionalities by engineering their structure are two promising strategies for further enhancement of their performance for integrated circuits and future-generation sensors and actuators. Integration of silicon nanowires as transduction elements for inertial sensor applications is one prominent example for an intelligent combination of such building blocks for multiple functionalities within a single sensor. Currently, the efforts in this field are marred by the lack of batch fabrication techniques compatible with semiconductor manufacturing. Development of new fabrication techniques for such one-dimensional structures will eliminate the drawbacks associated with assembly issues. The current study aims to explore the limits of batch fabrication for a single nanowire within a thick Si layer. The objective of the current work goes beyond the state of the art with significant improvements to the recent viable approach on the monolithic fabrication of nanowires, which was based on a conformal side-wall coating for the protection of the nanoscale silicon line followed by deep etch of the substrate transforming the protected layer into a silicon nanowire. The newly developed fabrication approach eliminates side wall protection and thereby reduces both process complexity and process temperature. The technique yields promising results with possible improvements for future micro and nanofabrication processes.
A novel pendulum kinetic energy harvester based on magnetic coupling bistable buckling beam for low-power appliances in new energy buses
Authors: Li Yongxin , Zhao Zhen , Song Wenze , Wang Changhong , Wang Qingcheng , Zhang Baifu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The rapid development of internet of things technology has created an urgent demand for wireless sensors. Although wireless sensors have the advantage of widespread use, their applications are limited by power supply. This manuscript proposes a novel magnetically coupled piezoelectric kinetic energy harvester (MPKEH) system to address this issue and enable wireless sensors to be self-powered. The proposed system included four parts: motion capture module, motion transformation module, energy transformation module, and power storage module. The motion capture module, a single-pendulum, is selected to convert the vehicle’s inertial energy into the mass ball kinetic energy. The motion transformation module, which includes a double-directional rectification mechanism and a mechanical speed-up mechanism, converts two-way rotations into one-way rotations and increases rotation speed. Piezoelectric material is frequently bent in the energy transformation module to generate alternating current (AC). The power storage module rectifies AC into direct current and stores the power in the super-capacitor, which supplies power to the electrical equipment. The velocity of the mass ball under five realistic bus driving cycles is obtained using multi-body dynamics software and Simulink. Experiments revealed that the average output power of the system could be as high as 2.4 W. Charging capacitors of 100 µF, 220 µF, 470 µF, and 1000 µF to 2 V using the MPKEH system takes 25 s, 49 s, 70 s, and 238 s, respectively. In the conducted experiments using the Liaocheng University campus bus, the maximum average power output reached 1.97 W. These results suggest that the MPKEH system can effectively self-supply energy for low-power appliances in new energy buses.
Dexterous all-soft hand (DASH) with active palm: multi-functional soft hand beyond grasping
Authors: Liu Yibo , Xiao Huaping , Hao Tianze , Pang Dezhi , Wang Fagang , Liu Shuhai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Safety and adaptability are key features of anthropomorphic robotic hands and tend to receive significant attention, however, the motion of the palm, which is also an essential element of a dexterous hand, is often ignored. Not only does a rigid palm lack compliance, but its limited manipulative capacity restricts the soft anthropomorphic hand’s range of applications. Thus, in this study, we present the dexterous all-soft hand (DASH), featuring an active palm based on pneumatic actuation. The DASH is comprised of five fingers and an active palm with 11 degrees of freedom, which enable it to achieve a range of metacarpal motions as well as thumb opposition. A step-by-step casting method was used to fabricate the hand and a set of tests were performed to characterize the bending angle and the blocked force between fingers and palm. The ability of this novel hand to achieve the highest possible scores in the Kapandji test, the injection operation, scissors manipulation and unscrewing the cap was subsequently demonstrated. The DASH is the same size as an average adult female hand, and offers the additional benefits of light weight (165 g), low cost and ease of fabrication. Moreover, its manipulation ability further broadens the range of potential applications for this type of robotic hand.
Transonic plasma winds with cosmic-rays and waves
Authors: Ramzan B , Mir Zahid , Rasheed A , Jamil M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Transonic plasma winds are studied under the influence of gravitational potential well in the presence of cosmic rays and self excited Alfvén waves. We present interesting features of transonic winds originating from the gravitational potential well for a three-fluid system. The model is comprising of thermal plasma, cosmic rays and Alfvén waves. The analysis is carried out on the hydro-dynamical basis with a particular emphasis on cosmic-ray streaming instability and damping mechanism. Boundary conditions on the base of the gravitational potential well will help to explore steady-state transonic wind solutions. A critical analysis on various mass outflow rate is also presented which is applicable to know the behaviour of normal and star-burst galaxies. The dependence of the critical or sonic point is studied for different sets of physical parameters. For the graphical interpretation of the numerical results different contour plots presented to analyze impacts of different mass flow rates. We find that transonic solutions exist for a wide range of parameters. We examine the case very close to the base of the gravitational potential well and the effect of the cosmic ray diffusion is neglected in current study.
First principles simulation of early stage plasma initiation process in ITER-scale tokamak
Authors: Chew Junxian , Gibbon Paul , Brömmel Dirk , Wauters Tom , Gribov Yuri , de Vries Peter 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A first principles 6D kinetic model is developed to study the earliest times of unassisted plasma breakdown in an International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER)-scale tokamak. This is then used for a comparative study of the predicted ionisation rate and the electron parallel velocity between the standard model for tokamak breakdown, assuming a zero-D (OD) Townsend avalanche, and the new kinetic model. The detailed model allows us to study the influence of the magnetic field configurations on the formation of plasma while explicitly resolving the electron trajectories. We introduce a ‘back-traced’ connection length L
bt as a useful predictive tool for the spatial distribution of charged particles during the breakdown process. It is also found that the ionisation rate and the mean electron parallel velocity from the kinetic model generally exceed the 0D model predictions, demonstrating a growth in the total electron population from 103 to the order of 108 in approximately 1 ms. This implies that the 0D model can still serve as a conservative prediction for the first plasma campaign on ITER.
Sensitivity of principal components to system changes in the presence of non-stationarity
Authors: Bette Henrik M , Schreckenberg Michael , Guhr Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Non-stationarity affects the sensitivity of change detection in correlated systems described by sets of measurable variables. We study this by projecting onto different principal components. Non-stationarity is modeled as multiple normal states that exist in the system even before a change occurs. The studied changes occur in mean values, standard deviations or correlations of the variables. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to test the sensitivity for change detection with and without knowledge about non-stationarity for different system dimensions and numbers of normal states. A comparison clearly shows that knowledge about the non-stationarity of the system greatly improves change detection sensitivity for all principal components. This improvement is largest for those components that already provide the greatest possibility for change detection in the stationary case. We illustrate our results with an example using real traffic flow data, in which we detect a weekend and a bank holiday start as anomalies.