bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Counteracting adriamycin-induced oxidative stress by administration of N-acetyl cysteine and vitamin E
Authors: Kalaiselvi Periandavan , Pragasam Viswanathan , Chinnikrishnan Srinivasan , Veena Coothan Kandaswamy , Sundarapandiyan Rajaguru , Varalakshmi Palaninathan 
Published: August 2005

AbstractAdriamycin (ADR), a cytotoxic antineoplastic drug, is used in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, its efficacy continues to be challenged by significant toxicities including nephrotoxicity. In the present study, the effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and vitamin E, known antioxidants, were investigated on ADR-induced peroxidative damage in rat kidney. Adult male albino rats of Wistar strain were administered ADR as a single dose (10mg/kg body weight, i.v.). Histopathological studies indicated that ADR-treated kidney sections show focal tubular necrosis and casts. ADR-injected rats showed a significant decline in the activities/levels of enzymic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione-S-transferase) and non-enzymic antioxidants (thiols, vitamin C and vitamin E) with high malondialdehyde levels. The extent of nephrotoxicity was evident from the increased activities of urinary marker enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and γ-glutamyltransferase). Treatment with NAC and vitamin E (50mg/kg b.w., i.p.) 1day prior to ADR administration maintained near normal activities of the enzymes, significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and prevented the necrosis caused by ADR, thereby proving to be an effective thiol replenishing agent and antioxidant.
Measurement of troponin I 48h after admission as a tool to rule out impaired left ventricular function in patients with a first myocardial infarction
Authors: Panteghini Mauro , Bonetti Graziella , Pagani Franca , Stefini Francesca , Giubbini Raffaele , Cuccia Claudio 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFew studies have evaluated cardiac troponin I (cTnI) as a marker for infarct size and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Here we investigated the ability of a single-point cTnI, measured with a second-generation assay (Access AccuTnI), to estimate infarct size and assess LV function in patients with a first myocardial infarction (AMI). cTnI measurements were performed 12 and 48h after admission in 63 consecutive AMI patients. LV function was evaluated by gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and infarct size was estimated by CK-MB peak and SPECT myocardial perfusion. LV function and infarct size were evaluated by SPECT before hospital discharge. SPECT was also repeated 3months later. Significant correlations (p<0.001) were found between cTnI at 12 and 48h and both the peak CK-MB (r=0.61 and r=0.82, respectively) and the perfusion defect size at SPECT (r=0.55 and r=0.61, respectively). cTnI at 12 and 48h were inversely related (p<0.001) to LV ejection fraction (LVEF) assessed both early (r=–0.45 and r=–0.57, respectively) and 3months after AMI (r=–0.51 and r=–0.69, respectively). cTnI >14.8 μg/L at 48h predicted an LVEF <40% at 3months with a sensitivity of 100% [95% confidence interval (CI) 73.5–100%], specificity of 65% (CI 49–79%), and a negative predictive value of 100%. Our findings demonstrate that a single cTnI measurement 48h after admission is useful for ruling out impaired LV function in a routine clinical setting.
Influence of short-term venous stasis on clinical chemistry testing
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Salvagno Gian Luca , Montagnana Martina , Brocco Giorgio , Guidi Gian Cesare 
Published: August 2005

AbstractControl and standardization of preanalytical variability is a critical factor for achieving accuracy and precision in laboratory testing. Although venous stasis from tourniquet placement during venepuncture should be minimized, as it has been claimed to account for spurious and significant variations for several analytes in plasma, there is controversy surrounding its real impact on laboratory testing. The aim of the present study was the investigation of the influence of short-term venous stasis on routine biochemical testing, by measuring the plasma concentration of 12 common analytes, including proteins, protein-bound substances, enzymes and electrolytes, in plasma specimens collected either without venous stasis or following the application of standardized external pressure of 60mm Hg using a sphygmomanometer for 1 and 3min. Although the overall correlation between measures was acceptable, the pattern of change was mostly dependent on the length of stasis, size and protein-binding characteristics of the analytes, achieving clinical significance for albumin, calcium and potassium after 1-min stasis, and alanine aminotransferase, albumin, calcium, chloride, total cholesterol, glucose and potassium after 3-min stasis. Statistically significant differences could be observed in seven (alanine aminotransferase, albumin, calcium, total cholesterol, creatine kinase, iron and potassium) and ten (alanine aminotransferase, albumin, calcium, chloride, total cholesterol, creatine kinase, creatinine, glucose, iron and potassium) out of the 12 analytes tested, after 1- and 3-min venous stasis, respectively. The most clinically significant changes from standard venepuncture, when compared to the current analytical quality specifications for desirable bias, occurred for potassium (1-min stasis, −2.8%; 3-min stasis, −4.8%, both p<0.001), calcium (1-min stasis, +1.6%, p<0.05; 3-min stasis, +3.6%, p<0.001) and albumin (1-min stasis, +3.5%; 3-min stasis, +8.6%, both p<0.001). As most of these effects are dependent on the stasis time during venepuncture and biochemical or physiological characteristics of the analyte, these variations could likely be anticipated, allowing the most appropriate preventive measures to be adopted.
Isolation and Characterization of Bipotent Liver Progenitor Cells from Adult Mouse
Authors: Li Wen-Lin , Su Juan , Yao Yu-Cheng , Tao Xin-Rong , Yan Yong-Bi , Yu Hong-Yu , Wang Xin-Min , Li Jian-Xiu , Yang Yong-Ji , Lau Joseph T.Y. , Hu Yi-Ping 
Published: August 2005

AbstractLiver progenitor cells have drawn a great deal of attention both for their therapeutic potential and for their usefulness in exploring the molecular events surrounding liver development and regeneration. Despite the intensive studies on liver progenitors from rats, equivalent progenitor cells derived from mice are relatively rare. We used retrosine treatment followed by partial hepatectomy to elicit liver progenitors in mice. From these animals showing prominent ductular reactions, mouse-derived liver progenitor cell lines (LEPCs) were isolated by single-cell cloning. Phenotypic and lineage profiling of the LEPC clones were performed using immunochemistry, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, and a dual-color system comprising the reporter EGFP under the control of the cytokeratin 19 promoter and the DsRed reporter under the control of the albumin promoter. LEPCs expressed liver progenitor cell markers. LEPCs also expressed some markers shared by bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells c-Kit and Thy-1 but not CD34 and CD45. When cultured as aggregates in Matrigel, LEPCs differentiated into hepatocyte upon treatment with 50 ng/ml epithelial growth factor or differentiated into biliary lineage cells upon treatment with 20 ng/ml hepatocyte growth factor. In the presence of 2% dimethyl sulfoxide and 2% Matrigel, LEPCs acquired predominantly bile lineage phenotypes, with occasional patches of cells exhibiting hepatocyte phenotypes. Upon transplantation into CCl4-injured-liver, LEPCs engrafted into liver parenchyma and differentiated into hepatocytes. Considering the amenability of the mouse to genetic manipulation, these mouse-derived LEPCs may be useful tools as in vitro models to study molecular events in liver development and regeneration and can shed light in studying the therapy potential of liver stem cells.
Trisomy 10 mosaicism and maternal uniparental disomy 10 in a liveborn infant with severe congenital malformations
Authors: Hahnemann Johanne M.D. , Nir Marta , Friberg M. , Engel Ulla , Bugge Merete 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe report on a liveborn infant with trisomy 10 mosaicism combined with maternal uniparental heterodisomy for chromosome 10. The mosaicism 47,XY,+10/46,XY was found in five different tissues, including one blood sample, while cultured lymphocytes from two other blood samples showed a normal karyotype, 46,XY. DNA analysis with six PCR‐based microsatellite markers demonstrated the trisomic cell line to be a result of maternal meiotic nondisjunction, and revealed maternal uniparental heterodisomy in the diploid cell line, suggesting that the formation of the diploid cell line was due to trisomy rescue. The boy had severe growth retardation, major dysmorphism, and malformations, and died at 37 days. We reviewed the previous nine reports of infants and fetuses with trisomy 10 mosaicism reported in the literature. We suggest that a common clinical syndrome can be defined comprising skull, jaw and ear abnormalities, cleft lip/palate, malformations of eyes, heart and kidneys, deformity of hands and feet, and most often death neonatally or in early infancy. The cytogenetic findings in the present patient demonstrate the importance of karyotyping more than one tissue, and not only lymphocytes, when a chromosomal aberration is strongly suspected. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structure, Protonation State and Dynamics of Catalase Compound II
Authors: Rovira Carme 
Published: August 2005

AbstractDensity functional calculations are performed to investigate the protonation state of the compound II intermediate (Cpd II) of the catalase reaction cycle. Several scenarios are considered, depending on the protonation state of the active center (heme) and the catalytic His residue. Only the form with a protonated FeO unit (i.e. FeOH) is in agreement with the recent high‐resolution crystal structure, while the traditional description of Cpd II as an oxoferryl species corresponds to a configuration slightly higher in energy. The computed FeO stretch frequency is in agreement with the available experimental data. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the pocket water remains in the region between the His61 and Asn133 catalytic residues, but it occasionally tries to escape towards the main channel in a concerted motion with the Asn133 residue. A possible role for this residue in the process of ligand entry/escape from the binding pocket is proposed.
A Lutetium Cyclopentadienyl‐Phosphazene Constrained Geometry Complex (CGC): First Isolobal Analogues of Group 4 Cyclopentadienyl‐Silylamido CGC Systems
Authors: Rufanov Konstantin A. , Petrov Alex R. , Kotov Vasili V. , Laquai Frédéric , Sundermeyer Jörg 
Published: August 2005

AbstractC5Me4HPMe2 reacts with 1‐adamantyl azide to form the firstexample of a new family of cyclopentadienylideneaminophosphorane ligands (1). Metallation of 1 with Lu(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 leads to the first cyclopentadienyl‐phosphazene CGC 2, isolobal to known group 4 cyclopentadienyl‐silylamido CGC systems. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Evaluation of peach and nectarine fruit quality and correlations between sensory and chemical attributes
Authors: Colaric Mateja , Veberic Robert , Stampar Franci , Hudina Metka 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSensory attributes and chemical composition in peach and nectarine fruits of nine different cultivars were evaluated and compared. The cultivars investigated in the research were: ‘Maria Marta’, ‘Romestar’, ‘325 × A/8’, ‘224 × A/13’, ‘V × S/4’, ‘Bea’, ‘Maria Aurelia’, ‘Venus’ and ‘Spring Red’. In sensory evaluation the ‘Maria Aurelia’ was the highest rated, and the ‘224 × A/13’ was the lowest. The cultivars ‘325 × A/8’, ‘224 × A/13’, ‘V × S/4’ and ‘Spring Red’ were poor in sugars; however, the ‘Spring Red’ was rich in organic acids. Similarly, the ‘Maria Aurelia’ and ‘Venus’ fruits had higher contents of organic acids and were also rich in sugars. Furthermore, the relationships among sensory and chemical attributes of fruit quality were studied. The sensory evaluations of sweetness, taste, and aroma were well correlated with some chemically measured attributes of peach and nectarine quality: sweetness was influenced by citric acid, shikimic acid and sugars/organic acids ratio; aroma was correlated with total organic acids, sucrose, sorbitol and malic acid; taste was related to malic/citric acid ratio, total sugars, sucrose, sorbitol and malic acid. The results of the research indicate that sensory evaluation provides a good tool in the quick assessment of peach and nectarine fruit quality. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Poly(p‐phenylene sulfide) nonisothermal cold‐crystallization
Authors: Martinelli Andrea , D'Ilario Lucio , Caminiti Ruggero 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe poly(p‐phenylene sulfide) (PPS) nonisothermal cold‐crystallization behavior was investigated in a wide heating rate range. The techniques employed were the usual Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and the less conventional FT‐IR spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X‐ray Diffraction (EDXD). The low heating rates (Φ) explored by EDXD (0.1 K min−1) and FT‐IR (0.5–10 K min−1) are contiguous and complementary to the DSC ones (5–30 K min−1). The crystallization temperature changes from 95 °C at Φ = 0.05 K min−1 to 130 °C at Φ = 30 K min−1. In such a wide temperature range the Kissinger model failed. The model is based on an Arrhenius temperature dependence of the crystallization rate and is widely employed to evaluate the activation energy of the crystallization process. The experimental results were satisfactorily fit by replacing in the Kissinger model the Arrhenius equation with the Vogel–Fulcher–Tamann function and fixing U* = 6.28 k J mol−1, the activation energy needed for the chains movements, according to Hoffmann. The temperature at which the polymer chains are motionless (T∞ = 42 °C) was found by fitting the experimental data. It appears to be reasonable in the light of our previously reported isothermal crystallization results, which indicated T∞ = 48 °C. Moreover, at the lower heating rate, mostly explored by FT‐IR, a secondary stepwise crystallization process was well evidenced. In first approximation, it contributes to about 17% of the crystallinity reached by the sample. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2725–2736, 2005
Performance of a turbo‐coded CDMA system in a mobile satellite channel
Authors: Young Kim Jin 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe bit error rate (BER) performance of a turbo‐coded code‐division multiple‐access (CDMA) system operating in a satellite channel is analysed and simulated. The system performance is compared for various constituent decoders, including maximuma posterioriprobability (MAP) and Max‐Log‐MAP algorithms, and the soft‐output Viterbi algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the Max‐Log‐MAP algorithm is the most promising among these three algorithms in overall terms of performance and complexity. It is also shown that, for fixed code rate, the BER performance is improved substantially by increasing the number of iterations in the turbo decoder, or by increasing the interleaver length in the turbo encoder. The results in this paper are of interest in CDMA‐based satellite communications applications. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Endoscopic management of common bile duct stones
Authors: Ponsky Jeffrey L. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractEndoscopic sphincterotomy has become the undisputed method of choice for removing common bile duct calculi following previous cholecystectomy. This approach has also been applied to selected patients with intact gallbladders deemed unfit for surgery. More recently, endoscopic clearance of the bile duct has been used in concert with laparoscopic cholecystectomy to avoid laparotomy. Modalities available for stone therapy via the endoscope include baskets and balloons, mechanical lithotripters, electrohydraulic lithotripsy probes, and laser energy. In difficult cases stents may be placed to provide drainage in lieu of stone extraction.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: The state of the art. A report on 700 consecutive cases
Authors: Périssat J. , Collet D. , Belliard R. , Desplantez J. , Magne E. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractBorn in secret in 1987, developed in an atmosphere of skepticism and even hostility throughout 1988, the laparoscopic cholecystectomy triumphed in 1989–90 and caused a veritable revolution in the world of general surgery. The 700 consecutive cases that we report here reflect the spirit of these various periods. From prudently restrictive, our indications widened to include 90% of all patients with gallbladder lithiasis. Sclero‐atrophic gallbladders constitute the greatest challenge for endoscopic maneuvers. This group of patients should be treated by the most experienced operators only. The figures for mortality (0.1%) and complications (3%) are very comparable and even better than those for traditional cholecystectomy. The quality of recovery is infinitely better; there is absence of pain, a short period of hospitalization, return to normal physical activity within 10 days, rapid return to work, and total preservation of the abdominal muscles for participation in sports activities. All these advantages are assets of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy which are not available to the 6% of patients for whom an intra‐operative conversion to open surgery is necessary. These patients recover within the conditions of a traditional cholecystectomy which are far from being poor. The large multicenter studies, such as those carried out in France and Belgium recently involving 3,708 patients, arrive at identical conclusions. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy is on its way to becoming the gold standard of treatment for gallbladder lithiasis. It is the first successful step towards surgical techniques of the 21st century which will be carried out inside the musculo‐cutaneous envelope of the unopened human body.
Clinicopathological characteristics of duodenal microgastrinomas
Authors: Imamura Masayuki , Kanda Masahiro , Takahashi Kiyoyuki , Shimada Yutaka , Miyahara Tokiharu , Wagata Takashi , Hashimoto Mitsuaki , Tobe Takayoshi , Soga Jun 
Published: August 2005

AbstractDuodenal gastrinomas do not seem to behave as malignantly as sporadic pancreatic gastrinomas. Statistical analysis of 49 patients with sporadic pancreatic gastrinoma and 21 patients with sporadic duodenal gastrinoma reported since 1980 in Japan revealed that the incidence of hepatic metastasis was 57% in patients with sporadic pancreatic gastrinoma and only 9% in patients with sporadic duodenal gastrinoma (p<0.01). These findings suggest that there is an essential biological differences between duodenal and pancreatic gastrinoma. Five patients with sporadic duodenal microgastrinoma (tumor diameter <5mm) in our hospital had no hepatic metastases; however, 4 patients had lymph node metastases. Immunohistochemical study of 5 sporadic duodenal microgastrinomas and 6 sporadic pancreatic gastrinomas revealed that the sporadic duodenal gastrinomas contained significantly fewer insulin‐producing or glucagon‐producing cells than sporadic pancreatic gastrinomas. The cellular composition of the metastatic lymph nodes from duodenal microgastrinomas was similar to that of the primary tumor. This difference in cellular composition between the duodenal microgastrinomas and the pancreatic gastrinomas suggests that the process of development and differentiation of gastrinoma cells is different.
Single and multigland disease in primary hyperparathyroidism: Clinical follow‐up, histopathology, and flow cytometric DNA analysis
Authors: Bonjer H. Jaap , Bruining Hajo A. , Birkenhager Jan C. , Nishiyama Ronald H. , Jones Michael A. , Bruce Bagwell C. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractTwo‐hundred seventy‐four patients with primary hyperparathyroidism had selective removal of enlarged parathyroid glands. Biopsies were taken from all parathyroid glands. Normal‐size glands were not resected irrespective of their histological appearance. After a mean follow‐up of 13.5 years the rates of persistent and recurrent hyperparathyroidism were, respectively, 3.6% and 0.7%. Transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism occurred in 24% and 2.5% of the patients. The microscopic appearance of enlarged glands and of biopsies taken from normal‐size glands were reviewed by two pathologists. Normal parathyroid glands were distinguished from abnormal glands fairly accurately (sensitivity 93%, specificity 80%). Microscopic classification of abnormal parathyroid glands as adenomas or hyperplastic glands correlated poorly with the gross classification as single or multigland disease. Flow cytometric DNA analysis of paraffin embedded parathyroid tissue showed significant differences for DNA index, % S‐phase and % G2M (p<0.001). Differentiating single from multigland disease by means of DNA analysis was not possible. In conclusion, removal of only enlarged parathyroid glands results in acceptable rates of persistent and recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Biopsies should only be taken sparingly to prevent transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism. Microscopic examination and flow cytometric DNA analysis can differentiate normal from abnormal parathyroid glands but are unable to differentiate abnormal glands into single or multigland disease.
Incantation
Authors: Stewart Dianne M. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis chapter analyzes European cultural attitudes toward African people and African religions, especially during the 18th and 19th centuries. It assesses in greater depth the standard European planter and missionary responses to Obeah and Myal. This assessment is prefaced by considering the Afrophobic motif as the most essential ingredient in colonial scripts of European expansion and encounter with the African Other.
Offering
Authors: Stewart Dianne M. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis chapter examines two chief African responses to the European missionary enterprise from slavery to the 20th century. One response was to incorporate aspects of the Christian faith into the African religious heritage. Native Baptist (c.1830s-c. 1860s), Revival Zion (1860s- ), and Rastafari (1930s- ) traditions represent this type of religious formation. The Native Baptists were associated with the African-American evangelist George Liele, who began his missionary work in Jamaica during the late 18th century. The Revival Zion tradition represents a resurgence of the Native Baptist religion. With a Pan-African orientation and deep socio-political convictions, Rastafari, more than any other African-oriented tradition on the island, has shaped the postmodern, post-Christian African personality in Jamaica. African loyalty to Christian orthodoxy, another African-Jamaican response to European missionary Christianity, is also considered in this chapter as it was taught and reinforced by generations of missionary groups, especially after the last quarter of the 19th century.
Visitation
Authors: Stewart Dianne M. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis chapter discusses the ambiguity, contradictions, and controversy surrounding the legacy of African-derived religions in Jamaica, especially with regard to Kumina, a Kongo/Koongo-derived Jamaican tradition. It highlights the dualistic approach to African religions in Black Jamaican culture, especially during the 19th and 20th centuries. On the one hand, African-derived religions and the people who sustain them have been and continue to be stigmatized as dangerous and pathological in Jamaican popular culture. Yet, on the other hand, practitioners of African-derived religions are consulted regularly for healing and crisis resolution. An African-centered womanist “theology of the cross” is developed in this chapter, which shows that Obeah, Myal, Revival Zion, Kumina, Rastafari, and other African diasporic religions share common religious foci that appear to be African-derived and emphasize healing, well-being, and the integration and affirmation of purposeful life experience.