bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory‐adapted and wild‐type black soldier flies express differential plasticity in bioconversion and nutrition when reared on urban food waste streams
Authors: Zhang Qi‐Hui , Silvaraju Shaktheeshwari , Unadirekkul Phira , Lim Nicholas Weishou , Heng Chin Wee , Liu Mei Hui , Puniamoorthy Nalini 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe black soldier fly (BSF) offers a potential solution to address shortages of feed and food sources; however, selecting effective rearing substrates remains a major hurdle in BSF farming. In an urban area like Singapore, current practice is based on rearing BSF on homogeneous waste streams (e.g., spent brewery grains or okara) because heterogeneous food wastes (e.g., mixed kitchen/canteen waste or surplus cooked food) present several operational challenges with respect to the standardization of development, nutritional content, and harvesting.RESULTSIn this study, we compared two genetic strains of BSF larvae (wild‐type and laboratory‐adapted line) in a bioconversion experiment with diverse types of food waste (homogeneous/heterogeneous; plant/meat) and we quantified the phenotypic plasticity. Our results demonstrate different plasticity in bioconversion performance, larval growth and larval nutrition between the two BSF lines. This difference may be attributed to the selective breeding the laboratory‐adapted line has experienced. Notably, larval lipid content displayed little to no genetic variation for plasticity compared with larval protein and carbohydrate content. Despite variation in larval development, heterogeneous food wastes can produce better performance in bioconversion, larval growth, and larval nutrient content than homogeneous food waste. All‐meat diets result in high larvae mortality but larval survival could be rescued by mixing meat with plant‐based food wastes.CONCLUSIONOverall, we suggest using mixed meals for BSF larvae feeding. Targeted breeding may be a promising strategy for the BSF industry but it is important to consider the selection effects on plasticity in larval nutrition carefully. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Mixed Reality Combined with Surgical Navigation in Resection of Micro‐ and Mini‐Tumors of the Parotid Gland: A Pilot Study
Authors: Tang Zu‐Nan , Hu Lei‐Hao , Yu Yao , Zhang Wen‐Bo , Peng Xin 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of mixed reality combined with surgical navigation (MRSN) in the resection of parotid micro‐ and mini‐tumors.MethodsEighteen patients who underwent parotid tumor resection between December 2020 and November 2022 were included. Six patients were enrolled in MRSN group, and the surgeons performed the surgery with the help of MRSN technology. The surgical procedures include virtual planning, data transfer between mixed reality and surgical navigation, tumor localization and resection assisted by surgical navigation under mixed reality environment. Twelve patients were enrolled in control group, and intraoperative tumor localization and resection were performed according to the experience of the surgeon. Total surgery time and intraoperative bleeding were recorded. Perioperative complications were recorded during follow‐up.ResultsThe mean surgery time of MRSN group (76.7 ± 14.0 min) and control group (65.4 ± 21.3 min) showed no significant difference (p = 0.220), so did the intraoperative bleeding of MRSN group (16.0 ± 8.0 mL) and control group (16.7 ± 6.6 mL) (p = 0.825). None of the patient in MRSN group underwent any complication, although one patient in control group suffered temporary facial paralysis. The mean deviation between the virtually marked and the intraoperative actual outermost point of tumor was 3.03 ± 0.83 mm.ConclusionMRSN technology can realize real‐time three‐dimensional visualization of the tumor, and it has the potential of enhancing the safety and accuracy of resection of micro‐ and mini‐tumors of parotid gland.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:1670–1678, 2024
Juvenile Striped Bass consume diverse prey in Chesapeake Bay tributaries
Authors: Pagenkopp Lohan Katrina M. , Aguilar Robert , DiMaria Ruth , Heggie Keira , Tuckey Troy D. , Fabrizio Mary C. , Ogburn Matthew B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Anadromous Striped Bass Morone saxatilis are dominant predators in estuaries and coastal areas along the U.S. Atlantic coast, with the potential to exert top-down control on prey populations. Although Striped Bass diets have been studied previously, spatiotemporal patterns of diet across ontogeny remain poorly understood, especially for young fish in shallow nursery habitats.

Methods
We collected and examined gut contents from adult, juvenile, and young-of-year (age-0) Striped Bass from nine rivers across the Maryland and Virginia portions of Chesapeake Bay during summer and fall 2018. We compared the use of traditional morphological inspection and new amplicon-based next-generation sequencing methods for identifying gut contents.

Result
Striped Bass in shallow tributary habitats of Chesapeake Bay had diverse diets that varied strongly with ontogeny and salinity zone. In particular, the diet of age-0 Striped Bass varied greatly from those of juveniles and adults when age-0 fish foraged in freshwater habitats. Although our results on prey consumed aligned with previous surveys, we identified additional taxa as important prey for these young fish, including dipteran insects, Banded Killifish Fundulus diaphanus, Inland Silverside Menidia beryllina, bay barnacle Amphibalanus improvisus, and grass shrimp Palaemon spp. Comparison of methodologies indicated that 40% of prey by weight could not be identified with morphological analysis, while 76% of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences could be assigned binomial names, allowing for high-resolution taxonomic comparisons.

Conclusion
This study adds to the growing body of evidence that amplicon-based next-generation sequencing methods are far superior to traditional morphological analyses of gut contents for fine-scale taxonomic resolution of prey.
The LET trilemma: Conflicts between robust target coverage, uniform dose, and dose‐averaged LET in carbon therapy
Authors: Fredriksson Albin , Glimelius Lars , Bokrantz Rasmus 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundLinear energy transfer (LET) is closely related to the biological effect of ionizing radiation. Increasing the dose‐averaged LET (LETd) within the target volume has been proposed as a means to improve clinical outcome for hypoxic tumors. However, doing so can lead to reduced robustness to range uncertainty.PurposeTo quantify the relationship between robust target coverage, target dose uniformity, and LETd, we employ robust optimization using dose‐based and LETd‐based functions and allow varying amounts of target non‐uniformity.Methods and MaterialsRobust carbon therapy optimization is used to create plans for phantom cases with increasing target sizes (radii 1, 3, and 5 cm). First, the influence of respectively range and setup uncertainty on the LETd in the target is studied. Second, we employ strategies allowing overdosage in the clinical target volume (CTV) or gross tumor volume (GTV), which enable increased LETd in the target. The relationship between robust target coverage and LETd in the target is illustrated by tradeoff curves generated by optimization using varying weights for the LETd‐based functions.ResultsAs the range uncertainty used in the robust optimization increased from 0% to 5%, the near‐minimum nominal LETd decreased by 17%–29% (9–21 keV/µm) for the different target sizes. The effect of increasing setup uncertainty was marginal. Allowing 10% overdosage in the CTV enabled 9%–29% (6–12 keV/µm) increased near‐minimum worst case LETd for the different target sizes, compared to uniform dose plans. When 10% overdosage was allowed in the GTV only, the increase was 1%–20% (1–8 keV/µm).ConclusionsThere is an inherent conflict between range uncertainty robustness and high LETd in the target, which is aggravated with increasing target size. For large tumors, it is possible to simultaneously achieve two of the three qualities range robustness, uniform dose, and high LETd in the target.
Education and documentation strategies to improve malnutrition diagnosis in hospitalized children: A quality improvement project
Authors: Rompca Annemarie , McCallister Anne , Cruse Wendy , Webber Emily C. , Vanderpool Charles 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (AND/ASPEN) published malnutrition guidelines in 2014. In 2015, our institution implemented a quality improvement project focused on malnutrition identification with the goal to improve the diagnosis of malnutrition in hospitalized children.MethodsOur project included three approaches: education, nutrition assessment, and documentation initiatives. Education initiatives focused on physicians at all levels of training. Nutrition screening was completed on all patients admitted to our institution. Registered dietitians (RDs) conducted nutrition assessments and identified and documented malnutrition based on AND/ASPEN guidelines. Documentation initiatives included development of automatic text and template changes to allow import of RD‐assigned malnutrition diagnosis into physician documentation. We met with members of our clinical documentation integrity team regularly to review the results of these initiatives starting in 2016.ResultsThe total diagnosed cases of malnutrition increased from 208 cases in 2016 at the start of our monitoring to >800 cases per year in 2020–2022. Unspecified (no severity assigned) protein calorie malnutrition as a percentage of total malnutrition diagnoses decreased from 36.9% in 2016 to <10% since 2018. Children with severe malnutrition have remained the largest portion of children with a malnutrition diagnosis, with >40% of children with malnutrition diagnosed with severe malnutrition.ConclusionOur education and documentation initiatives have led to both improved diagnosis of malnutrition and accurate identification and documentation of malnutrition severity. These initiatives could be utilized to improve malnutrition diagnosis and documentation at other institutions caring for hospitalized children.
Efficient integration of deep neural networks in sequential multiscale simulations
Authors: Tröger Jendrik‐Alexander , Eivazi Hamidreza , Hartmann Stefan , Wittek Stefan , Rausch Andreas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMultiscale computations involving finite elements are often unfeasible due to their substantial computational costs arising from numerous microstructure evaluations. This necessitates the utilization of suitable surrogate models, which can be rapidly evaluated. In this work, we apply a purely data‐based deep neural network as a surrogate model for the microstructure evaluation. More precisely, the surrogate model predicts the homogenized stresses, which are typically obtained by the solution of (initial) boundary‐value problems of a microstructure and subsequent homogenization. Furthermore, the required consistent tangent matrix is computed by leveraging reverse mode automatic differentiation. To improve data efficiency and ensure high prediction quality, the well‐known Sobolev training is chosen for creating the surrogate model. This surrogate model is seamlessly integrated into a Fortran‐based finite element code using an open‐source library. As a result, this integration, combined with just‐in‐time compilation, leads to a speed‐up of more than 6000× , as demonstrated in the example of a plate with a hole examined in this work. Furthermore, the surrogate model proves to be applicable even in load‐step size controlled simulations, where it overcomes certain load‐step size limitations associated with the microstructure computations.
miRNAs involvement in the etiology and targeted therapy of bladder cancer: Interaction between signaling pathway
Authors: Sharma Rishav , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) accounts for roughly 3% of all cancer diagnoses in developed countries. The prognosis could be improved significantly if the cancer is detected and classified as either muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) or non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) as promptly as possible. A potential ray of hope for the treatment of BC has emerged with the rapid development of nanomedicine and microRNAs (miRNAs), which promise to have fewer adverse effects, more tumor‐inhibitory effects, and decreased drug resistance. The complex interplay between hereditary and environmental variables is the root cause of this malignancy. Gene expression can be regulated by miRNAs, which are small, non‐coding RNAs that can either prevent the translation of protein‐coding genes or cleave RNA transcripts at certain locations. Elevated genomics has enabled a more extensive investigation of miRNAs whose expression is considerably different in BC patients compared to healthy volunteers or between BC tumor tissues and peripheral tissues. miRNAs have recently been discovered to be important regulators of BC cell carcinogenicity. Inaccurate diagnoses and prolonged treatment delays are more likely to occur due to the current diagnostic process such as lack of sensitivity and specificity and poor image quality. Patients now have access to a plethora of treatment options, including but not limited to surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and other innovative medicines, and in some cases, combination therapies. BC is one of the deadliest and most disabling malignancies affecting the urinary tract. Cancer of the urinary bladder has a terrible propensity for being fatal. BC is an intricate illness whose development can be affected by multiple parameters. Standard treatments for BC increase prognosis and survival, although recurrence is a major concern for patients. miRNAs are naturally occurring, small RNA molecules that have been linked to cancer through their expression being dysregulated. miRNAs modulate many cellular activities including proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. MiRNA dysregulation is recognized in BC, and miRNAs are used as diagnostic and prognostic indicators. However, this manuscript discusses the recent progress made in nanomedicine and the function of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and targeted therapy of BC.
Partial Disentanglement in a Multipartite System
Authors: Buks Eyal 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA nonlinear extension to quantum theory giving rise to deterministic partial disentanglement between pairs of subsystems is explored. The extension is based on a modified Schrödinger equation having an added nonlinear term. To avoid conflicts with the principles of causality and separability, it is postulated that disentanglement is active only during the time when particles interact. A butterfly‐like effect is found near highly entangled multipartite vector states.
An Efficient Synthesis of Spirocyclopropanes by [2+1] Annulation of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds with Nitroacetates
Authors: Peng Yani , Zhang Yuxin , Wu Minyang , Chen Xingyue , Liu Xiaoqin , Liu Yun , Rong Liangce 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of spirocyclopropanes was developed via [2+1] annulation of α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds with nitroacetates. This protocol features advantages such as simple operation, broad substrate scope, high diastereoselectivity and good to excellent yields. Moreover, this work represents the first example of assembling spirocyclopropane derivatives from nitroacetates.
Single‐Molecule Analysis of Genome Uncoating from Individual Human Rhinovirus Particles, and Modulation by Antiviral Drugs
Authors: Valbuena Alejandro , Strobl Klara , Gil‐Redondo Juan Carlos , Valiente Luis , de Pablo Pedro J. , Mateu Mauricio G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInfection of humans by many viruses is typically initiated by the internalization of a single virion in each of a few susceptible cells. Thus, the outcome of the infection process may depend on stochastic single‐molecule events. A crucial process for viral infection, and thus a target for developing antiviral drugs, is the uncoating of the viral genome. Here a force spectroscopy procedure using an atomic force microscope is implemented to study uncoating for individual human rhinovirus particles. Application of an increasing mechanical force on a virion led to a high force‐induced structural transition that facilitated extrusion of the viral RNA molecule without loss of capsid integrity. Application of force to virions that h ad previously extruded the RNA, or to RNA‐free capsids, led to a lower force‐induced event associated with capsid disruption. The kinetic parameters are determined for each reaction. The high‐force event is a stochastic process governed by a moderate free energy barrier (≈20 kcal mol−1), which results in a heterogeneous population of structurally weakened virions in which different fractions of the RNA molecule are externalized. The effects of antiviral compounds or capsid mutation on the kinetics of this reaction reveal a correlation between the reaction rate and virus infectivity.
The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid‐state battery cathodes
Authors: Liu Boyang , Pu Shengda D. , Doerrer Christopher , Spencer Jolly Dominic , House Robert A. , Melvin Dominic L. R. , Adamson Paul , Grant Patrick S. , Gao Xiangwen , Bruce Peter G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSolid‐state lithium batteries may provide increased energy density and improved safety compared with Li‐ion technology. However, in a solid‐state composite cathode, mechanical degradation due to repeated cathode volume changes during cycling may occur, which may be partially mitigated by applying a significant, but often impractical, uniaxial stack pressure. Herein, we compare the behavior of composite electrodes based on Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) (negligible volume change) and Nb2O5 (+4% expansion) cycled at different stack pressures. The initial LTO capacity and retention are not affected by pressure but for Nb2O5, they are significantly lower when a stack pressure of <2 MPa is applied, due to inter‐particle cracking and solid‐solid contact loss because of cyclic volume changes. This work confirms the importance of cathode mechanical stability and the stack pressures for long‐term cyclability for solid‐state batteries. This suggests that low volume‐change cathode materials or a proper buffer layer are required for solid‐state batteries, especially at low stack pressures.
Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus in a dog with an atypical presentation of pleuritis
Authors: Oh Valerie S. W. , Melega Maverick , Bussey Suzanne , Breheny Craig R. , Starybrat Daria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA 3‐year‐old labradoodle presented with prior history of generalised seizures and had recently developed acute pyrexia and shifting leg lameness, with joint effusions in several joints. The dog also later developed pleuritis with an exudative pleural effusion. Cytological findings for all joint effusions were consistent with immune‐mediated polyarthritis. Suspected lupus erythematosus cells were seen in the joints and pleural fluid, which were confirmed with Feulgen staining. Together with a positive antinuclear antibody titre, the dog was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, which responded to immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone. This case report describes the insidious nature of systemic lupus erythematosus, a rare disease that can imitate many different conditions. It is also the first reported case of lupus erythematosus cells in pleural effusion in veterinary medicine, highlighting the importance of lupus erythematosus cells as a valuable diagnostic aid to further support the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and enable early treatment to be initiated.
Crystal Structure of and Chemical Bonding in MoNi4
Authors: Armbrüster Marc , Rößner Leonard , Prots Yurii , Akselrud Lev , König Markus , Sheptyakov Denis , Grin Yuri 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSingle‐phase MoNi4 was prepared by multi‐step long‐term thermal treatment. The crystal structure was re‐evaluated by single‐crystal and powder X‐ray as well as powder neutron diffraction resulting in space group I4/m and lattice parameters of a=5.7300(6) Å and c=3.5649(6) Å. Despite the formation by complex solid‐state reaction, the crystal structure of MoNi4 is fully ordered, whereby the single‐crystalline micro‐domains feature sizes below 20 μm. The ordering is supported by the strong charge transfer from Mo to Ni hindering the formation of anti‐sites. Two types of four‐atomic bonds stabilize the crystal structure. The bonding is isotropic, allowing cleavage in different crystallographic directions with mostly nickel atoms on the surface. In combination with the negative effective charge of the nickel species, this enables to shed more light on the behaviour of MoNi4 in catalytic processes.
Grammatical Cohesion in Indonesian-Speaking Preschoolers’ Narrative
Authors: Herningtias Editia , Kushartanti Bernadette 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter discusses the use of Indonesian grammatical cohesive devices in preschoolers’ narrative productions. The participants of this study are three- to six-year-old children (N = 60). All children live in Jabodetabek area and use Indonesian as the first language. We use a wordless picture book to elicit the use of reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunction in children's storytelling. Cohesive devices in children’s narration of the picture story are identified and analyzed with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The result indicates a tendency of increasing use of reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunction in older children, especially in lexical variation. We also find that children still use inappropriate cohesive devices. We also find correlations between reference, ellipsis, and substitution; when participants did not use reference, they preferred to omit the character from the story. Nevertheless, there is no significant difference between the age groups.
Gender and Grammatical Cohesion in Indonesian Preschoolers’ Narrative
Authors: Ferhadija Fitriana , Kushartanti Bernadette 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study compares Indonesian-speaking boys’ and girls’ narrative ability, focusing on grammatical cohesive devices in the production. The subjects are children aged 4–6 years attending a kindergarten (TK) in Bogor, West Java. We use elicited production task to obtain data of children's utterances. Twenty-eight children in total participated in the study. The main data for the study are stories narrated by the children, elicited from a wordless picture storybook. Children are interviewed individually at school. The analysis is also supported by parental questionnaires on factual information distributed to and filled out by parents. Children's personal information obtained from school. Comparison of the use of cohesive devices, namely reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunction, based on gender difference, is analyzed quantitatively. The result shows that both genders have the same ability in using grammatical cohesive devices. This study reaffirms the result of previous studies, which essentially state that gender does not significantly affect the language skills.