bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogeny and origin of diversification of Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Uribe Juan E. , Kelava Samuel , Nava Santiago , Cotes-Perdomo Andrea P. , Castro Lyda R. , Rivera-Paéz Fredy A. , Perea Silvia , Mans Ben J. , Gofton Alexander , Teo Ernest J. M. , Zardoya Rafael , Barker Stephen C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Amblyomma is the second most diversified genus of Ixodidae that is distributed across the Indomalayan, Afrotropical, Australasian (IAA), Nearctic, and Neotropical biogeographic ecoregions, reaching in the Neotropic its higher diversity. There have been hints in previously published phylogenetic trees from mitochondrial (mt) genome, nuclear rRNA, from combinations of both and morphology that the Australasian Amblyomma or the Australasian Amblyomma plus the Amblyomma species from the southern cone of South America, might be the sister-group to the Amblyomma of the rest of the world. However, a stable phylogenetic framework of Amblyommafor a better understanding of the biogeographic patterns underpinning its diversification is lacking.
Methods
We used genomic techniques to sequence complete and nearly complete mt genomes –ca. 15 kbp– as well as the ribosomal operons –ca. 8 kbp– for 17 Amblyomma ticks in order to study the phylogeny and biogeographic pattern of the genus Amblyomma, with particular emphasis on the Neotropical region. The new genomic information generated here together with genomic information available of 43 ticks (22 other Amblyommaspecies and 21 other hard ticks –as outgroup–) were used to perform probabilistic methods of phylogenetic and biogeographic inferences and time-tree estimation using biogeographic dates.
Results
In the present paper, we present the strongest evidence yet that Australasian Amblyomma may indeed be the sister group to the Amblyomma of the rest of the world (species that occur mainly in the Neotropical and Afrotropical zoogeographic regions). Our results showed that all Amblyomma subgenera included, but Walkeriana and Amblyomma, are not monophyletic, as in the cases of Cernyomma, Anastosiella, Xiphiastor, Adenopleura, Aponomma, and Dermiomma. Likewise, our best biogeographic scenario supports the origin of Amblyomma and its posterior diversification in the southern hemisphere at 47.8 and 36.8 Mya, respectively. This diversification could be associated with the end of the connection of Australasia and Neotropical ecoregions by the Antarctic land bridge. Also, the biogeographic analyses let us see the colonization patterns of some neotropical Amblyomma species to the Nearctic.
Conclusions
We found strong evidence that the main theatre of diversification of Amblyomma was the southern hemisphere, potentially driven by the Antarctic Bridge's intermittent connection in the late Eocene. In addition, the subgeneric classification of Amblyomma lacks evolutionary support. Future studies using denser taxonomic sampling may take us to new findings on the phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history of Amblyommagenus.
Priming of hippocampal microglia by IFN-γ/STAT1 pathway impairs social memory in mice
Authors: He Haili , Zhang Xiaomei , He Hui , Xiao Chenghong , Xu Gaojie , Li Liangyuan , Liu Yu-e , Yang Chengyan , Zhou Tao , You Zili , Zhang Jinqiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Social behavior is inextricably linked to the immune system. Although IFN-γ is known to be involved in social behavior, yet whether and how it encodes social memory remains unclear.
Methods: In current study, we injected with IFN-γ into the lateral ventricle of male C57BL/6J mice, and three-chamber social test was used to examine the effects of IFN-γ on their social preference and social memory. The morphology of microglia in the hippocampus, prelimbic cortex and amygdala were examined using immunohistochemistry, and the phenotype of microglia were examined using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The IFN-γ-injected mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide, and effects were evaluated on behavior and microglial responses. STAT1 pathway and microglia-neuron interactions were examined in vivo or in vitro using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Finally, we use STAT1 inhibitor or minocycline to evaluated the role of STAT1 in mediating the microglial priming and effects of primed microglia in IFN-γ-induced social dysfunction.
Results: We demonstrated that 500 ng of IFN-γ injection results in significant decrease in social index and social novelty recognition index, and induces microglial priming in hippocampus, characterized by enlarged cell bodies, shortened branches, increased expression of CD68, CD86, CD74, CD11b, CD11c, CD47, IL-33, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS, and decreased expression of MCR1, Arg-1, IGF-1 and BDNF. This microglia subpopulation is more sensitive to LPS challenge, which characterized by more significant morphological changes and inflammatory responses, as well as induced increased sickness behaviors in mice. IFN-γ upregulated pSTAT1 and STAT1 and promoted the nuclear translocation of STAT1 in the hippocampal microglia and in the primary microglia. Giving minocycline or STAT1 inhibitor fludarabin blocked the priming of hippocampal microglia induced by IFN-γ, ameliorated the dysfunction in hippocampal microglia-neuron interactions and neural synaptic function, thereby improving social memory deficits in IFN-γ injected mice.
Conclusions: IFN-γ initiates STAT1 pathway to induce priming of hippocampal microglia, thereby disrupts hippocampal microglia-neuron interactions and neural circuit link to social memory. Blocking STAT1 pathway or inhibiting microglial priming may be strategies to reduce the effects of IFN-γ on social behavior.
Limited threat of Plasmodium falciparum pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletion to the utility 1 of HRP2-based malaria RDTs in Northern Uganda
Authors: Agaba Bosco B. , Smith David , Travis Jye , Pasay Cielo , Nabatanzi Monica , Arinaitwe Emmanuel , Ssewanyana Isaac , Nabadda Susan , Cunningham Jane , Kamya Moses R. , Cheng Qin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein-2 (PfHRP2) are exclusively deployed in Uganda however deletion of the pfhrp2/3 target gene threatens their usefulness as malaria diagnosis and surveillance tools.
Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in 40 sites across four regions of Uganda in Acholi, Lango, W. Nile and Karamoja from March 2021 to June 2023. Symptomatic malaria suspected patients were recruited and screened with both HRP2 and pan lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) detecting RDTs. Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected from all patients and a random subset were used for genomic analysis to confirm parasite species and pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene status. Plasmodium species was determined using a conventional multiplex PCR while pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions were determined using a real-time multiplex qPCR. Expression of the HRP2 protein antigen in a subset of samples was further assessed using a ELISA.
Results: Out of 2,435 symptomatic patients tested for malaria, 1505 (61.8%) were positive on pLDH RDT. Overall, qPCR confirmed single pfhrp2 gene deletion in 1 out of 416 (0.2%) randomly selected samples that were confirmed of P. falciparum mono-infections.
Conclusion: These findings show limited threat of pfhrp2/3 gene deletions in the survey areas suggesting that HRP2 RDTs are still useful diagnostic tools for surveillance and diagnosis of P. falciparum malaria infections in symptomatic patients in this setting. Periodic genomic surveillance is warranted to monitor the frequency and trend of gene deletions and its effect on RDTs.
Evaluation The Effects of Body Temperature Irrigation Fluid in Semirigid Ureteroscopy: A New Standard?
Authors: Karaca Yavuz , Sinanoglu Orhun , Ustun Fatih , Sahinler Emre Burak , Sahin Cahit , Sarica Kemal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to show the advantages of body temperature irrigation fluid in ureteroscopy compared to room temperature fluid. A total of 94 patients with radio-opaque single ureteral stone whom scheduled for semirigid ureteroscopy were enrolled into this study. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: Group 1, ureteroscopy with room temperature irrigation fluid (20-22 ºC) and Group 2, ureteroscopy with body temperature (37 ºC) irrigation fluid. Patient characteristics (age, sex), stone characteristics (stone side, stone location, stone burden, Hounsfield unit), operation outcomes (operation time, ureteral JJ stenting, complications, stone free rate at 4 weeks, auxiliary intervention need, visual analogue score) were analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups regarding patient characteristics and stone characteristics. Operation time was found to be shorter in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (p: 0.02). Post-operative pain was also less common in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (p<0.001). Complication rates was 17% in Group 1 and 8% in Group 2 but no statistically significant difference was found. Body temperature irrigation fluid in ureteroscopy is beneficial because: it facilitates easier ureteral access by decreasing ureteral spasms, shortens operation times, lowers post-operative pain and lowers the complications rates. This method can be used in semirigid ureteroscopy since it is an easily applicable method with no known associated complications.
Adulteration of clove essential oil: detection using an electronic nose with polymeric gas sensors
Authors: Graboski Adriana Marcia , Feltes Giovana , Zakrzevski Claudio Augusto , Shimizu Flavio Makoto , Steffens Juliana , Paroul Natália , Steffens Clarice 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Food adulteration is a global concern that affects almost all of the food industry. The market for clove essential oil (CEO) has also been affected by corrupt practices. As an alternative to monitoring the quality of this product, an electronic nose (e-nose) based on an array of polymeric nanocomposite gas sensors modified with different sensitive layers was applied to detect vaseline (petroleum jelly), the most common adulterant found in the CEO. Different proportions of vaseline (ranging from 3 to 100% (v/v)) were mixed with CEO samples, and the fingerprints of volatile compounds were obtained using the e-nose and fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy. Collected data were analyzed using clustering analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and interactive document map (IDMAP) multivariate projection techniques. These were capable of discriminating between the different percentages of adulterants. The results of this study demonstrated that chemometric tools can be successfully used as e-nose and applied to detect mislabeling and adulteration of CEO, where PCA, LDA, and IDMAP showed accuracies of 99.85, 98.30, and 99.81%, respectively. The e-nose results were consistent with the findings from density and refractive index experiments. Thus, the results obtained demonstrate that the e-nose is a promising tool for analyzing CEO adulterations, proving its potential application in the food industry due to its rapid, economical, and high-performance tool.
Construction and validation of novel lactate metabolism molecular subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma based on multi-omics analysis
Authors: Li Hongxu , Gao Jie , Li Minghao , Liu Long Zaoqu , Liu Lei , Hu Bowen , Wang Zhihui , Guo Wenzhi , Zhang ShuiJun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Lactate, as a metabolic byproduct, has been found to promote carcinogenesis and induce immunosuppression in certain types of cancer. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of lactate metabolism-related regulatory genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods
In this study, we compiled transcriptomics data, genomic structural variation data (SNV, CNV) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), as well as our proteomics data. We constructed the lactate metabolism score (LMScore) by integrating consensus clustering, differential analysis, and principal component analysis based on TCGA transcriptome data. Subsequently, we decoded the differences in clinical outcomes, mutation landscape, biological behaviors, immune characteristics and potential therapeutic drugs between distinct subtypes. Western blot (WB) was used to evaluate the protein levels of different tissues.
Results
The findings demonstrated a significant negative correlation between LMScore and the progression of HCC. Patients in distinct subtypes showed significant differences at multiple omics levels, such as transcriptome profiling, mutational landscape, and protein levels. Specifically, Patients in high LMScore subtype had a better prognosis and were more likely to benefit from immune therapy and clinical first- and second-line therapy including cisplatin and lenvatinib. Moreover, Patients in the low-score subtype exhibited high levels of immune cell infiltration, upregulation of immune checkpoints, and poor response of immunotherapy, suggesting an immune-suppressive microenvironment. Drug sensitivity analysis demonstrated these patients, who were not suitable for immunotherapy, could benefit more from drugs like paclitaxel and sorafenib. In addition, we found that TTC36 is a prognostic gene that not only affects the progression of HCC but also alters lactate metabolism levels. Upregulation of TTC36 can inhibit proliferation, invasion, migration, and lactate metabolism of HCC cell.
Conclusion
According to the lactate metabolism regulated genes, we constructed the LMScore, which can serve as powerful tool in stratifying HCC patients and decoding HCC heterogeneity. Moreover, this model can guide the treatment of immune therapy and clinical first- and second-line drugs, offering an optimized decision-making platform for HCC patients.
Exploring the utility of artificial intelligence of intrapartum cardiotocography: a systematic review
Authors: Salih Mohamed , Warty Ritesh Rikain , Murday Hamsaveni Kalina , Kaushik Arjun , Zhang Yuxin , Horta Fabrizzio , Reddy Sandeep , Vollenhoven Beverley , Rezatofighi Hamid , Cheng Wenlong , Smith Vinayak 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:Cardiotocography (CTG) interpretation is complex and highly subjective. Misinterpretation can result unnecessary, late, or inadequate intervention; potentially harming the mother or fetus. Artificial intelligence (AI) could play a role in reducing the likelihood of these incidents.Purpose:To identify the current state-of-the-art in AI models for CTG interpretation and provide clinicians and AI developers alike with an overview of this landscape and guide the development of future models.Methods:We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid Medline, and IEEE Xplore for studies published from 01/06/2005 to 07/06/2020. Studies focused on AI applications to CTG were included, with the performance metrics (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) being extracted for analysis. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021250394.Results:38 articles were eligible for inclusion, though all studies were focused on pre-clinical performance evaluation. The types of AI techniques employed included support vector machines (11/38), decision trees (10/38), random forests (8/38), neural networks (23/38), and novel custom algorithms (11/38). Each model demonstrated promise in a pre-clinical setting although true clinical value is presently uncertain. Other issues included the classification systems used by AI developers, as well as the limited scope of these classification systems when compared to the more comprehensive clinical AI systems already implemented clinically in similar medical applications.Conclusion:AI shows promise as an adjunct surveillance tool in CTG interpretation. However, currently, it is too early to conclusively determine its implementation value in a clinical setting. To do so, these AIs need to be developed for and validated in high quality prospective clinical evaluations.
Impact of the Conjoined Tendon on Preventing Dislocation Following Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Cadaver Study
Authors: zhao gongyin , ZHAO Chenyu , Bao Hongwei , Liu Junting , Zhou Baojun , Wang Yuji 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Investigating the stabilizing impact of the piriformis and conjoined tendons post-direct anterior total hip arthroplasty (DATHA) forms the crux of this study, given the pertinence of hip stability in postoperative outcomes and long-term patient mobility.
Methods:
Utilizing 16 hips from 8 fresh frozen cadavers, the study establishes two cohorts: the piriformis tendon group and the conjoined tendon group. A rigorous assessment involving simulated anterior and posterior dislocations post-DATHA was implemented, quantifying the torque requisite for dislocation under three scenarios: pre-severance, post-severance, and post-reconstruction.
Results:
Piriformis tendon group analysis demonstrated inconsequential variations in torque for anterior and posterior dislocations post-tendon severance (p = 0.9801, p = 0.9854) and post-reconstruction (p = 0.2952, p = 0.0801) relative to the intact state. Conversely, the conjoined tendon group witnessed a significant diminution in dislocation torque subsequent to tendon severance (p < 0.0001), with a notable escalation post-reconstruction (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion:
This study underscores the preeminent role of the conjoined tendon in ensuring hip stability following DATHA, highlighting the cruciality of its preservation and reconstruction during surgical interventions. Such insights bear significant implications for surgical methodologies in orthopedic practice, particularly concerning minimizing postoperative dislocation risks in DATHA.
Clinical investigation on the efficacy of modified Mason-Allen in healing delaminated rotator cuff tears
Authors: Wu Runqing , Hu Gangfeng , Guan Hong , Xu Fangqi , Xu Shibing , Yu Pengzheng , Wang Longfeng , Ye Jiakuang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

PurposeTo evaluate the arthroscopic modified Mason-Allen (mMA) suture technique's clinical effectiveness and safety in treating delaminated rotator cuff injuries.MethodsCollected 62 patients with delaminated rotator cuff tears repaired using arthroscopic modified Mason-Allen suture technique from May 2022 to June 2023, including 21 males and 41 females; age ranged from 50 to 81 years old, with a median age of 65 years old; 34 cases in the left shoulder and 28 cases in the right shoulder; 30 cases with a history of trauma and 32 cases with no obvious history of trauma; According to the Cofield classification of rotator cuff tears, all were delaminated tears of the rotator cuff (1 to 3 cm). We recorded changes in shoulder joint range of motion (ROM) and functional ratings from 3 to 6 months following surgery, with a median of 6 months. Follow-up visits were undertaken to assess tendon-bone healing, improvement of shoulder discomfort, recovery of shoulder joint function, and incidence of problems.ResultsAll patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months, with a median of 6 months. The MRI demonstrated excellent tendon-bone healing in all patients at the last follow-up. Shoulder anterior flexion supination improved from 98.06°±11.28°to 169.05° ± 9.05°, abduction supination improved from 69.68°±18.55°to 147.86°± 11.16°, internal rotation improved from 14.52°±10.35°to 47.62°± 6.91°, and external rotation improved from 22.42°±8.62°to 49.76°±6.04°; Constant-Murely score, preoperative (49.08 ± 4.91) and at the last follow-up (93.33 ± 4.95); and UCLA shoulder score, preoperative (15.73 ± 2.60) and at the last follow-up (33.55 ± 1.53). The change was statistically significant when comparing the data before and after surgery (P < 0.001). Eight patients acquired frozen shoulder symptoms after surgery owing to inconsistent rehabilitation activities, and the symptoms resolved after standardized rehabilitation exercises. All patients did not experience issues such as rotator cuff re-tear and anchor nail removal.ConclusionRepair with arthroscopic modified Mason-Allen suture technique can restore the wholeness and integrity of the delaminated rotator cuff, which can effectively alleviate shoulder joint pain, help early exercise, prevent and control further rotator cuff tear, enhance the initial strength of the rotator cuff as a whole, and improve the joint function of patients. Level of evidence III.
The prognosis of ablative treatments and liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma：a systematic review and Bayesian network meta
Authors: Min Yiyang , Tong Kuinan , Lin Huajun , Wang Dong , Guo Wei , Li Shun , Zhang Zhongtao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To compare overall survival (OS) rates and disease-free survival (DFS) rates following radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), cryoablation (CA) and Liver resection (LR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Method
PubMed, SCI, and Cochrane databases were searched for literature until March 1st, 2023. The data obtained from the literature were netted using Stata 15.0 and R 4.2.3. The primary assessments of content were overall survival (OS) rates and disease-free survival (DFS) rates at 1 and 3 years. OS rates and DFS rates were reported as the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CrI) to summarize the effect of each comparison.
Result
A total of 25 publications with 5247 patients were included, including 12 studies in mainland China and 13 in other regions. Overall outcomes: for one-year and three-year overall survival rates, there was no statistical difference between the groups compared; for one-year disease-free survival rates, the HR was 1.85 (95% CrI: 1.31–2.61) for LR compared with RFA; 1.76 (95% CrI: 1.22–2.54) for LR compared with MWA, with no statistical difference in the rest of the groups compared; for three-year disease-free survival rates, the HR was 1.92 (95% CrI: 1.38–2.66) for LR compared with RFA; 1.88 (95% CrI: 1.31–2.68) for LR compared with MWA, and the rest were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
For particularly early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, ablative procedures have comparable therapeutic efficacy; LR is more effective in reducing tumor recurrence than interventional ablation.
Optimal Local Planner Selection for Autonomous Robots Using Machine Learning
Authors: Oner Hatice Kübrä , Sezer Volkan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Autonomous robots have been actively involved in visible and invisible aspects of our daily lives for several years. These robots can perform various tasks and roles in different locations, such as functioning as waiters in restaurants, serving as housekeepers in hotels, or transporting goods as attendants in warehouses. Autonomous robots rely on local planners to navigate in their environment. However , selecting the most suitable local planner for a given task can be a challenge. Despite extensive research in areas such as autonomous navigation, human-robot interaction, and robot localization, there has been no study to determine the optimal local planner for the given environments. In this study, we propose a machine learning solution that, for the first time in the literature, selects the optimal local planner before initiating navigation. Our approach involves using environmental metrics as inputs for a machine learning model, with the output being the name of the local planner. To create a dataset, 1280 tests were conducted within a simulation environment. The results demonstrate that the proposed solution achieves a success rate of up to 91% has been achieved in recommending the appropriate local planners based on the desired criteria.