bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting female sexual well-being: a 5-year follow-up of a randomised clinical trial on post-abortion contraception
Authors: Bosas Janina , Toffol Elena , Pohjoranta Elina , Mentula Maarit J , Hurskainen Ritva , Suhonen Satu , Heikinheimo Oskari 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionSexual well-being is associated with general well-being. Several factors, such as overweight, infertility, anxiety and sex hormones, also play a role, but the effects of hormonal contraception remain a point of debate. We characterised the factors associated with sexual well-being in fertile-aged women following induced abortion.MethodsA 5-year follow-up of a nested, longitudinal, cohort study examining the effects of routine provision of intrauterine contraception as part of abortion care. Sexual well-being, anxiety and quality of life were assessed annually using validated questionnaires (McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and EuroQoL), along with data on general and reproductive health, and relationship status. Of the 742 women participating in the trial, 290 (39%) provided sufficient follow-up data and were included in this study.ResultsBased on trajectories of McCoy scores across the 5-year follow-up, two groups were identified: those with stable and higher (n=223, 76.9%) and those with declining sexual well-being (n=67, 23.1%). Women in the group of declining sexual well-being had significantly higher levels of anxiety and lower quality of life at all time points. They also had chronic diseases more often and were less happy in their relationships. No differences were found in method of contraception when classified as hormonal versus non-hormonal, or long-acting versus short-acting reversible contraception.ConclusionsLower anxiety and higher quality of life are associated with stable and higher sexual well-being. Method of contraception or relationship status are not associated with sexual well-being during long-term follow-up in fertile-aged women.
Prepayment meters strongly associated with multiple types of deprivation and emergency respiratory hospital admissions: an observational, cross-sectional study
Authors: Ding Xuejie , Akimova Evelina T , Zhao Bo , Dederichs Kasimir , Mills Melinda C 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundPrepayment meters (PPMs) require energy to be paid in advance. Action groups and media contend that PPMs are concentrated in the most vulnerable groups, prone to run out of credit and experience financial burden. This led to forced installation for those over age 85 being banned in April 2023 and a ‘prepayment premium’ scrapped in July 2023. Yet, we lack empirical evidence of which groups PPMs are concentrated. This ecological study examines the extent to which PPMs are associated with multiple measures of structural social, economic and health deprivation to establish evidence-based policy.MethodsCombining multiple regional data and census estimates at the Lower Layer Super Output Area and the Middle Layer Super Output Area level from England and Wales, we use Spearman’s rank correlation, Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression to empirically establish associations between PPMs and multiple types of deprivation.ResultsHigher PPM prevalence is strongly associated with: lower income, receipt of employment benefits, ethnic minorities, lower education and higher health deprivation. Higher PPM prevalence is strongly associated with higher income deprivation affecting children, the elderly and social rental properties. PPMs are significantly associated with emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in England, even after controlling for confounders (coefficient=1.81; 95% CI 1.51 to 2.11).ConclusionsWe found empirical evidence that PPM users are concentrated among the population who already experience multiple disadvantages. Furthermore, PPM concentrated areas are associated with higher emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases.
Optical lines of Xe9+ and Xe10+ ions measured at a low-energy electron beam ion trap
Authors: Niu Ben , Zhang Yizhuo , Chen Jihui , Meng Shiyan , Yao Ke , Zou Yaming , Li Jiguang , He Zhencen , Meng Ju 
Published: October 2023

This work reported the investigation of optical spectra of Rh-like Xe9+ and Ru-like Xe10+ ions at a low-energy electron beam ion trap. The line from 4 d9 2D3/2–2D5/2 M1 transition of Xe9+ ions was remeasured, the wavelength of which was determined to be 598.365(5) nm, and the uncertainty was significantly improved. In the region of 200–700 nm, four spectral lines emitted from Xe10+ ions were directly observed for the first time. The relativistic many-body perturbation method was adopted for the investigation of fine structure in Xe10+ ions. The theoretical and experimental results were in good agreement within 2%, and the four observed lines of Xe10+ ions were identified.
RollBack: A New Time-Agnostic Replay Attack Against the Automotive Remote Keyless Entry Systems
Authors: Csikor Levente , Lim Hoon Wei , Wong Jun Wen , Ramesh Soundarya , Parameswarath Rohini Poolat , Chan Mun Choon 
Published: October 2023

Automotive Keyless Entry (RKE) systems provide car owners with a degree of convenience, allowing them to lock and unlock their car without using a mechanical key. Today’s RKE systems implement disposable rolling codes, making every key fob button press unique, effectively preventing simple replay attacks. However, a prior attack called RollJam was proven to break all rolling code–based systems in general. By a careful sequence of signal jamming, capturing, and replaying, an attacker can become aware of the subsequent valid unlock signal that has not been used yet. RollJam, however, requires continuous deployment indefinitely until it is exploited. Otherwise, the captured signals become invalid if the key fob is used again without RollJam in place.
We introduce RollBack, a new replay-and-resynchronize attack against most of today’s RKE systems. In particular, we show that even though the one-time code becomes invalid in rolling code systems, replaying a few previously captured signals consecutively can trigger a rollback-like mechanism in the RKE system. Put differently, the rolling codes become resynchronized back to a previous code used in the past from where all subsequent yet already used signals work again. Moreover, the victim can still use the key fob without noticing any difference before and after the attack.
Unlike RollJam, RollBack does not necessitate jamming at all. In fact, it requires signal capturing only once and can be exploited at any time in the future as many times as desired. This time-agnostic property is particularly attractive to attackers, especially in car-sharing/renting scenarios in which accessing the key fob is straightforward. However, while RollJam defeats virtually any rolling code–based system, vehicles might have additional anti-theft measures against malfunctioning key fobs, hence against RollBack. Our ongoing analysis (with crowd-sourced data) against different vehicle makes and models has revealed that ∼ 50% of the examined vehicles in the Asian region are vulnerable to RollBack, whereas the impact tends to be smaller in other regions, such as Europe and North America.
PET/CT Biomarkers Enable Risk Stratification of Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Enrolled in the LOTIS-2 Clinical Trial
Authors: Alderuccio Juan Pablo , Reis Isildinha M. , Hamadani Mehdi , Nachiappan Muthiah , Leslom Salman , Kahl Brad S. , Ai Weiyun Z. , Radford John , Solh Melhem , Ardeshna Kirit M. , Hess Brian T. , Lunning Matthew A. , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Stathis Anastasios , Carlo-Stella Carmelo , Lossos Izidore S. , Caimi Paolo F. , Han Sunwoo , Yang Fei , Kuker Russ A. , Moskowitz Craig H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Significant progress has occurred in developing quantitative PET/CT biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Total metabolic tumor volume (MTV) is the most extensively studied, enabling assessment of FDG-avid tumor burden associated with outcomes. However, prior studies evaluated the outcome of cytotoxic chemotherapy or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy without data on recently approved FDA agents. Therefore, we aimed to assess the prognosis of PET/CT biomarkers in patients treated with loncastuximab tesirine.

Experimental Design:
We centrally reviewed screening PET/CT scans of patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL enrolled in the LOTIS-2 (NCT03589469) study. MTV was obtained by computing individual volumes using the SUV ≥4.0 threshold. Other PET/CT metrics, clinical factors, and the International Metabolic Prognostic Index (IMPI) were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between biomarkers and treatment response. Cox regression was used to determine the effect of biomarkers on time-to-event outcomes. We estimated biomarker prediction as continuous and binary variables defined by cutoff points.

Results:
Across 138 patients included in this study, MTV with a cutoff point of 96 mL was the biomarker associated with the highest predictive performance in univariable and multivariable models to predict failure to achieve complete metabolic response (OR, 5.42; P = 0.002), progression-free survival (HR, 2.68; P = 0.002), and overall survival (HR, 3.09; P &lt; 0.0001). IMPI demonstrated an appropriate performance, however, not better than MTV alone.

Conclusions:
Pretreatment MTV demonstrated robust risk stratification, with those patients demonstrating high MTV achieving lower responses and survival to loncastuximab tesirine in relapsed/refractory DLBCL.
Prognostic Significance of Different Ventricular Ectopic Burdens During Submaximal Exercise in Asymptomatic UK Biobank Subjects
Authors: van Duijvenboden Stefan , Ramírez Julia , Orini Michele , Aung Nay , Petersen Steffen E. , Doherty Aiden , Tinker Andrew , Munroe Patricia B. , Lambiase Pier D. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
The consequences of exercise-induced premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in asymptomatic individuals remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between PVC burdens during submaximal exercise and major adverse cardiovascular events (MI/HF/LTVA: myocardial infarction [MI], heart failure [HF], and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia [LTVA]), and all-cause mortality. Additional end points were MI, LTVA, HF, and cardiovascular mortality.

METHODS:
A neural network was developed to count PVCs from ECGs recorded during exercise (6 minutes) and recovery (1 minute) in 48 315 asymptomatic participants from UK Biobank. Associations were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Explorative studies were conducted in subgroups with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging data (n=6290) and NT-proBNP (N-terminal Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) levels (n=4607) to examine whether PVC burden was associated with subclinical cardiomyopathy.

RESULTS:

Mean age was 56.8±8.2 years; 51.1% of the participants were female; and median follow-up was 12.6 years. Low PVC counts during exercise and recovery were both associated with MI/HF/LTVA risk, independently of clinical factors: adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.2 (1–5 exercise PVCs,
P
<0.001) and HR, 1.3 (1–5 recovery PVCs,
P
<0.001). Risks were higher with increasing PVC count: HR, 1.8 (>20 exercise PVCs,
P
<0.001) and HR, 1.6 (>5 recovery PVCs,
P
<0.001). A similar trend was observed for all-cause mortality, although associations were only significant for high PVC burdens: HRs, 1.6 (>20 exercise PVCs,
P
<0.001) and 1.5 (>5 recovery PVCs,
P
<0.001). Complex PVC rhythms were associated with higher risk compared with PVC count alone. PVCs were also associated with incident HF, LTVA, and cardiovascular mortality, but not MI. In the explorative studies, high PVC burden was associated with larger left ventricular volumes, lower ejection fraction, and higher levels of NT-proBNP compared with participants without PVCs.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this cohort of middle-aged and older adults, PVC count during submaximal exercise and recovery were both associated with MI/HF/LTVA, all-cause mortality, HF, LTVAs, and cardiovascular mortality, independent of clinical and exercise test factors, indicating an incremental increase in risk as PVC count rises. Complex PVC rhythms were associated with higher risk compared with PVC count alone. Underlying mechanisms may include the presence of subclinical cardiomyopathy.
Synchronous high-amplitude co-fluctuations of functional brain networks during movie-watching
Authors: Tanner Jacob C. , Faskowitz Joshua , Byrge Lisa , Kennedy Daniel P. , Sporns Olaf , Betzel Richard F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that functional connectivity can be decomposed into its exact frame-wise contributions, revealing short-lived, infrequent, and high-amplitude time points referred to as “events.” Events contribute disproportionately to the time-averaged connectivity pattern, improve identifiability and brain-behavior associations, and differences in their expression have been linked to endogenous hormonal fluctuations and autism. Here, we explore the characteristics of events while subjects watch movies. Using two independently-acquired imaging datasets in which participants passively watched movies, we find that events synchronize across individuals and based on the level of synchronization, can be categorized into three distinct classes: those that synchronize at the boundaries between movies, those that synchronize during movies, and those that do not synchronize at all. We find that boundary events, compared to the other categories, exhibit greater amplitude, distinct co-fluctuation patterns, and temporal propagation. We show that underlying boundary events1 is a specific mode of co-fluctuation involving the activation of control and salience systems alongside the deactivation of visual systems. Events that synchronize during the movie, on the other hand, display a pattern of co-fluctuation that is time-locked to the movie stimulus. Finally, we found that subjects’ time-varying brain networks are most similar to one another during these synchronous events.
Alpha-Band Frequency and Temporal Windows in Perception: A Review and Living Meta-analysis of 27 Experiments (and Counting)
Authors: Samaha Jason , Romei Vincenzo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Temporal windows in perception refer to windows of time within which distinct stimuli interact to influence perception. A simple example is two temporally proximal stimuli fusing into a single percept. It has long been hypothesized that the human alpha rhythm (an 8- to 13-Hz neural oscillation maximal over posterior cortex) is linked to temporal windows, with higher frequencies corresponding to shorter windows and finer-grained temporal resolution. This hypothesis has garnered support from studies demonstrating a correlation between individual differences in alpha-band frequency (IAF) and behavioral measures of temporal processing. However, nonsignificant effects have also been reported. Here, we review and meta-analyze 27 experiments correlating IAF with measures of visual and audiovisual temporal processing. Our results estimate the true correlation in the population to be between .39 and .53, a medium-to-large effect. The effect held when considering visual or audiovisual experiments separately, when examining different IAF estimation protocols (i.e., eyes open and eyes closed), and when using analysis choices that favor a null result. Our review shows that (1) effects have been internally and independently replicated, (2) several positive effects are based on larger sample sizes than the null effects, and (3) many reported null effects are actually in the direction predicted by the hypothesis. A free interactive web app was developed to allow users to replicate our meta-analysis and change or update the study selection at will, making this a “living” meta-analysis (randfxmeta.streamlit.app). We discuss possible factors underlying null reports, design recommendations, and open questions for future research.
The Making of The Early Bronze Age in Anatolia
Authors: Özdoğan Mehmet 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In Anatolian archaeology, as it is the case in the neighbouring regions of the Near East and Aegean, the Bronze Age is considered in three consecutive stages, however, defined not in accordance with metallurgical achievements, but on changing modalities in social and economic structures. Before the beginning of the Early Bronze Age there were fully established farming communities across almost all of Anatolia, though subsisting mainly on family-level farming with no indication of complex social structuring. Likewise, during the final stages of the Late Chalcolithic there was a notable decrease in population, particularly in Central and Western Anatolia. In this respect, the south-eastern parts of Anatolia differ considerably from the rest of the peninsula, developing a complex socio-economic model in connection with the bordering regions of Syro-Mesopotamia. This pattern changed by incoming migration from the north, with subsequent dense population patterns in the eastern and western parts of the peninsula. Following the reorganization and consolidation of this system, the Early Bronze Age is characterized by urbanisation, institutionalized long-distance trade, intensification and revolutionized agricultural and weaving practices. The urban model that developed in Anatolia differs considerably from those of the Near East both in size and in organization. The Middle Bronze Age is marked by state formations, which by the Late Bronze Age developed into empires with their own foreign policies. Concerning the role of metals, copper and lead were used since the Neolithic and arsenic bronze by the Late Chalcolithic. The Bronze Age may be viewed as a time of mass production and development of complex technologies in casting, alloying and forming.
Declining Geoengineering Efficacy Caused by Cloud Feedbacks in Transient Solar Dimming Experiments
Authors: Virgin John G. , Fletcher Christopher G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Solar radiation management (SRM) with injections of aerosols into the stratosphere has emerged as a research area of focus with the potential to cool the planet. However, the amount of SRM required to achieve a given level of cooling, and how this relationship evolves in response to increasing greenhouse gas emissions, remains uncertain. Here, we explore the evolution of solar dimming efficacy over time by defining and quantifying a new SRM feedback term, which is analogous to conventional radiative feedbacks. Using Earth system model simulations that dynamically adjust the amount of insolation to offset global mean warming from increasing CO2, we find that positive SRM feedbacks decrease global planetary albedo and diminish the efficacy of solar dimming. Physically, the decrease in albedo is primarily due to reductions in optically thick tropical cloud fraction in the boundary layer and midtroposphere, which is driven by a drying and destabilization of the tropical mid- to lower troposphere. These results offer an energetic explanation for reduced cloud fraction commonly observed in idealized SRM experiments, as well as reaffirm the need to understand the troposphere response, particularly from clouds, in realizable geoengineering experiments and their potential to feed back onto SRM efficacy.

Significance Statement
The goal of this study is to understand how the effectiveness of solar geoengineering may evolve over time. Using a climate model with the ability to directly tune the amount of incoming sunlight, we explore the potential for feedback loops in the climate system to diminish or amplify the desired effect of solar tuning, which is to offset greenhouse gas–induced warming. For this climate model and this solar geoengineering proxy, in particular, we find that feedback loops reduce Earth’s albedo and therefore diminish the desired effect of turning down the sun over time. This study lays the groundwork for understanding potential feedback loops in climate model simulations that represent solar geoengineering in a more realistic way.
Utility of Repeat Head Computed Tomography in Detecting Delayed Intracranial Hemorrhage in Falls on Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Broderick Meaghan , Tripodi Gianluca , Dwyer Kevin 
Published: October 2023

Introduction Ground level falls in the elderly often lead to complications due to use of anticoagulants (ACs). Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), immediate or delayed, is a feared consequence of such falls. The rate of delayed ICH (dICH) in patients taking anticoagulants or antiplatelet (AP) agents ranges from .6% to 6%. Patients on warfarin have a persistent rate of dICH, leading to implementation of routine repeat head CTs at our institution. This policy was extended to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). This study aims to determine institutional incidence of DOAC-associated dICH. Methods With IRB waiver approval, we conducted a retrospective review of trauma evaluations for falls on DOACs from 2016 to 2018. We reviewed records for neurologic status, DOAC use, and results of initial and delayed head CTs. Exclusion criteria included initial GCS ≤14, new neurologic deficits, traumatic findings on initial CT, concurrent use of additional AC/AP, or absence of repeat head CT. Results Among 632 patients evaluated for falls on AC/AP therapy, 159 (25%) of patients were included in the review. The age range was 19-98 years old, with 99 females and 60 males. Half of the patients were on apixaban, with the rest on dabigatran or rivaroxaban. Ten patients presented with GCS of 14. No delayed hemorrhages were detected in this population. Conclusion The necessity of a repeat head CT in patients taking DOACs is debated in the literature. Our analysis failed to demonstrate any delayed hemorrhage in neurologically intact patients after head strike on DOAC, suggesting no indication for follow-up imaging in this group.
Effect of processing methods on the electrical conductivity properties of silver-polyurethane composite films (Experimental and numerical studies)
Authors: Mehvari Saeid , Goodhew Benjamin , González Sergio , Lafdi Khalid , Sanchez-Vicente Yolanda 
Published: October 2023

This research investigates the electrical properties of micro silver polyurethane (Ag-PU) composite films with different degrees of agglomeration. Ag-PU composite films were prepared by adding micro silver particles (<3.5 μm) into the thermoplastic PU matrix using a solution mixing method, followed by spin-coating or casting techniques. For some composite preparation, the silver solution was shear-mixed in an ultrasonic bath before being added to the PU solution to obtain higher filler dispersion within the polymer matrix. This method produced several composite films with variable degrees of silver aggregation with concentrations from 0 to 14 vol%. All composites showed only electrical conductivity through thickness when compressed under pressure in a range from 0.5 to 20 kPa. Generally, the percolation threshold and conductivity values of the composite film prepared by spin-coating were lower than those of the casting composite. The maximum conductivity value found in these composites was about 2.45 S/m. All composites’ electrical performance was numerically simulated using the finite element analysis method based on the representative volume element model (FE-RVE) with Digimat software. A correlation was observed between the experiments and those simulations. A semi-analytical model was used to estimate the composite electrical parameters.