bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
#231 : Association Between Reduced Muscle Mass and Obesity on Various Metabolic Risk Factors and Fracture Risk in Mid-Aged Korean Women
Authors: Kim In Hye , Kim So Hee , Yu Eun Hee , Ju Jong Kil 
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate effects of reduced muscle mass and obesity on various metabolic risk factors and fractures risk in middle age Korean women. Method: Retrospectively, the study reviewed medical records of 1,775 female patients who had visited Pusan National University Hospital for routine health screenings from 2010 to 2016. The patients were divided into four groups: group 1, non-sarcopenic, non-obese (NS-NO); group 2, non-sarcopenic, obese (NS-O); group 3, sarcopenic, non-obese (S-NO); and group 4, sarcopenic, obese (S-O) population. Each of the patients was assessed through self-report questionnaires and individual interview with a healthcare provider. The Fracture Risk Algoritham (FRAX) tool was used for bone fracture risk. Results: Postmenopausal women composed 68.0%, 78.4%, 60.1% and 67.1% in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, compared to 68.5% in the overall patients ([Formula: see text]<0.001). Statistical analysis of various parameters for metabolic and cardiovascular risks further showed that more patients tended to have hypertension in S-O group (patient % with hypertension in NS-NO, NS-O, S-NO and S-O groups as 15.2%, 36.7%, 10.1% and 46.3%, respectively; [Formula: see text]<0.001). Metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia were more prevalent in NS-O and S-O groups, which was statistically higher in the remaining two groups. FRAX score was also significantly higher in NS-O and S-O groups than NS-NO and S-NO groups (4.2 and 3.9 versus 3.8 and 3.6, respectively; [Formula: see text]=0.001). Conclusion: When combined with obesity and menopause, patients with reduced muscle mass showed dramatically increased risks to hypertension and diabetes; especially, patients with comorbid obesity and sarcopenia had the highest prevalence of hypertension. Regarding fracture risk, individual cardio-metabolic risks and menopause were more significant than the presence or absence of obesity or sarcopenia.
Identification of a Biomarker Panel from Genome-Wide Methylation to Detect Early HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Dickey Brittney L. , Putney Ryan M. , Schell Michael J. , Berglund Anders E. , Amelio Antonio L. , Caudell Jimmy J. , Chung Christine H. , Giuliano Anna R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

As oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) increases in men, the need for a screening test to diagnose OPC early is crucial. This study agnostically identified differentially methylated CpG sites to identify additional biomarkers to improve screening for early OPC.
DNA was extracted from oral gargles of 89 early cases and 108 frequency matched healthy controls, and processed for genome-wide methylation using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Selected sites were combined with our prior methylation data in the EPB41L3 gene (CpG sites 438, 427, and 425) and oral HPV16 and HPV18 status were considered as binary variables (positive/negative). Lasso regression identified CpG sites strongly associated with early OPC. ROC curves with AUC were generated. The panel was validated utilizing bootstrap resampling.
Machine learning analyses identified 14 markers that are significantly associated with early OPC, including one EPB41L3 CpG site (438) and oral HPV16 status. A final model was trained on all available samples using the discovered panel and was able to predict early OPC compared with controls with an AUC of 0.970 on the training set. In the bootstrap validation sets, the average AUC was 0.935, indicating adequate internal validity.
Our data suggest that this panel can detect OPC early, however external validation of this panel is needed. Further refinement of a panel of biomarkers to diagnose OPC earlier is urgently needed to prevent complex treatment of OPC and associated comorbidities, while reducing risk of recurrence.

Prevention Relevance:
This study identified biomarkers using genome-wide methylation to create a panel capable of discerning early oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) from those without OPC. Such a biomarker panel would be an effective tool to detect OPC early and prevent complications of treatment associated with later diagnosis.
Incidence and Outcomes of New-Onset Right Bundle Branch Block Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Tan Nicholas Y. , Adedinsewo Demilade , El Sabbagh Abdallah , Sayed Ahmed Ahmed F. , Carolina Morales-Lara Andrea , Wieczorek Mikolaj , Madhavan Malini , Mulpuru Siva K. , Deshmukh Abhishek J. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Eleid Mackram F. , Friedman Paul A. , Cha Yong-Mei , Killu Ammar M. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
The incidence and prognosis of right bundle branch block (RBBB) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are unknown. Hence, we sought to characterize the incidence of post-TAVR RBBB and determine associated risks of permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation and mortality.

METHODS:
All patients 18 years and above without preexisting RBBB or PPM who underwent TAVR at US Mayo Clinic sites and Mayo Clinic Health Systems from June 2010 to May 2021 were evaluated. Post-TAVR RBBB was defined as new-onset RBBB in the postimplantation period. The risks of PPM implantation (within 90 days) and mortality following TAVR were compared for patients with and without post-TAVR RBBB using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards modeling. The risks of PPM implantation (within 90 days) and mortality following TAVR were compared for patients with and without post-TAVR RBBB using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards modeling.

RESULTS:

Of 1992 patients, 15 (0.75%) experienced new RBBB post-TAVR. There was a higher degree of valve oversizing among patients with new RBBB post-TAVR versus those without (17.9% versus 10.0%;
P
=0.034). Ten patients (66.7%) with post-TAVR RBBB experienced high-grade atrioventricular block and underwent PPM implantation (median 1 day; Q1, 0.2 and Q3, 4), compared with 268/1977 (13.6%) without RBBB. Following propensity score adjustment for covariates (age, sex, balloon-expandable valve, annulus diameter, and valve oversizing), post-TAVR RBBB was significantly associated with PPM implantation (hazard ratio, 8.36 [95% CI, 4.19–16.7];
P
<0.001). No statistically significant increase in mortality was seen with post-TAVR RBBB (hazard ratio, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.33–2.11];
P
=0.69), adjusting for age and sex.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although infrequent, post-TAVR RBBB was associated with elevated PPM implantation risk. The mechanisms for its development and its clinical prognosis require further study.
A Preservation from Oral and Practiced Rites of Passage in an African Tradition
Authors: Kwakye-Nuako Kwasi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This is an originally observed rites of passages in a traditional African context. Through empirical observation and cultural anthropological esoteric engagement, traditions that have been traditionally preserved and kept in the oral or memory have been preserved in the written for the first time. An overview of the Sub-Saharan African context is followed by birthing and naming of the Meru peoples of Kenya. Additional traditions of rites for Meru boys, education, and integration lead to the conclusion.
Public Prayer as Serious Play: Coming-of-Age in Hip Hop Cultures
Authors: Crump Julius 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aggrieved religious practitioners often speak to God in public. Their demands of God elicit critical examination not least because they are irreverent and apathetic. The first part of this article explains the importance of hip hop culture to a democratic society through an analysis of Cornel West’s “danceable education”. The second part describes such an education as pious and playful. The next two parts examine how public prayers from a hip hop (part three) and gospel (part four) artist show how questioning God is a socially valuable way to come-of-age. Artists whose vocation is an act of protest against God-forsakenness and poor governance are exemplified in the invocations of those for whom respectability and redemption remain essential. The vocation of invocations in public stress the social value of loss and negation for reasons—maturation and playing—that make public God-talk good for groups that stubbornly need or actively ignore religious practices.
8. Meaningful Music in Healthcare
Authors: de Wit Krista , Sevindik Beste 
Published: January 2024

Meaningful Music in Healthcare (MiMiC), places professional classically-trained musicians inside hospital wards to play live music for patients and healthcare professionals. The musicians’ work is underpinned by interprofessional collaboration with healthcare professionals, as well as the development of new professional skills in person-centred music-making.
Through the emergence of an interprofessional community of practice between the healthcare professionals and the musicians, the musicians’ professional performance begins to develop. They learn about navigating a new work context, about their interactions with their new audiences, as well as their artistic signatures, which are fostered by the intimate musical encounters that take place by the patients’ bedsides and in the nurses’ breakroom.
The approaches of person-centred music-making in the practice of MiMiC evoke social change in the working culture and learning of healthcare professionals, patients’ experiences of care, as well as musicians’ professional growth. The MiMiC-practice enables the musicians to develop new professional skills beyond excellence in classical music performance, namely situational excellence. It allows the musicians to become recognised as cultural collaborators in achieving compassionate person-centred hospital care.
This paper explores the emerging professional profile of classically-trained musicians working in hospitals, their professional development and discovered professional identities through the contextual work with their new audiences, the horizons of their work as cultural allies for compassionate healthcare, and the educational consequences of this new field of practice for institutes of higher music education.
13. Futuring Classical Music through Contemporary Visual Art
Authors: Chelouche Noga Rachel 
Published: January 2024

This chapter focuses on the alternative performance of classical compositions created in the works of the renowned contemporary artist Anri Sala (b. 1974). A visual artist, Sala uses music as a central element in his films, installations, and performances. He manipulates the music according to different artistic ideas, thus creating unconventional performances.
Through his works, Sala enables different perspectives and new contexts which lead classical music through unpredictable paths. The chapter focuses on three seminal works created by Sala in the last decade: The Present Moment (2014), The Last Resort (2017), and If and Only If (2018). In each of these works, a classical Western composition (a movement or a whole piece by Schoenberg, Mozart or Stravinsky) is the point of departure. The analysis compares these works to conventional performances at the concert hall, and relates to elements such as space and architecture, extra musical contexts, the fidelity to the score, and the use of visual means and technology. The argument is that these artworks, in which well-known music from the canon is reinterpreted, may be experienced as unique and innovative musical performances detached from concert hall conventions.
An Adaptive Channel Selection Method for Assimilating the Hyperspectral Infrared Radiances
Authors: Zhou Linfan , Lei Lili , Whitaker Jeffrey S. , Tan Zhe-Min 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Hyperspectral infrared (IR) satellites can provide high-resolution vertical profiles of the atmospheric state, which significantly contributes to the forecast skill of numerical weather prediction, especially for regions with sparse observations. One challenge in assimilating the hyperspectral radiances is how to effectively extract the observation information, due to the interchannel correlations and correlated observation errors. An adaptive channel selection method is proposed, which is implemented within the data assimilation scheme and selects the radiance observation with the maximum reduction of variance in observation space. Compared to the commonly used channel selection method based on the maximum entropy reduction (ER), the adaptive method can provide flow-dependent and time-varying channel selections. The performance of the adaptive selection method is evaluated by assimilating only the synthetic Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) GIIRS IR radiances in an observing system simulation experiment (OSSE), with model resolutions from 7.5 to 1.5 km and then 300 m. For both clear-sky and all-sky conditions, the adaptive method generally produces smaller RMS errors of state variables than the ER-based method given similar amounts of assimilated radiances, especially with fine model resolutions. Moreover, the adaptive method has minimum RMS errors smaller than or approaching those with all channels assimilated. For the intensity of the tropical cyclone, the adaptive method also produces smaller errors of the minimum dry air mass and maximal wind speed at different levels, compared to the ER-based selection method.

Significance Statement
Assimilating satellite radiances has been essential for numerical weather prediction. Hyperspectral infrared satellites provide high-resolution vertical profiles for the atmospheric state and can further improve the numerical weather prediction. Due to limited computational resources, and correlated observations and associated errors, efficient and effective ways to assimilate the hyperspectral radiances are needed. An adaptive channel selection method that is incorporated with data assimilation is proposed. The adaptive channel selection can effectively extract the information from hyperspectral radiances under both clear- and all-sky conditions, with increased model resolutions from kilometers to subkilometers.
mRNA Expression and Methylation of the RAD51, ATM, ATR, BRCA1, and BRCA2 Genes in Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pádua Joel Del Bel , Mariano Carolline Fontes Alves , Fabro Alexandre Todorovic , Lizarte Neto Fermino Sanches , Zuliani Rogério Lenotti , Sares Cláudia Tarcila Gomes , Santos José Sebastião dos , Sankarankutty Ajith Kumar , Tirapelli Daniela Pretti da Cunha , Silveira Vanessa da Silva , Molfetta Greice Andreotti de , Júnior Wilson Araújo da Silva , Brunaldi Mariângela Ottoboni 
Published: January 2024

Background: Immunohistochemical prognostic significance of the homologous recombination-related proteins RAD51, ATM, BRCA1, and BRCA2 is known in gastric adenocarcinoma, one of the deadliest cancers. Objective and design: This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate mRNA expression and promoter methylation of some homologous recombination-related genes in this neoplasm. Methods: We evaluated mRNA expression and methylation of RAD51, ATM, ATR, BRCA1, and BRCA2 in tumor and non-tumor frozen samples from gastrectomy specimens by RT-qPCR and MS-HRM, correlating our results with previous immunohistochemistry data and prognostic features. Results: RAD51, ATR, BRCA1, BRCA2, and ATM mRNA expression was detected in 93.75% (45/48), 93.75% (45/48), 91.67% (44/48), 83.33% (40/48), and 89.58% (43/48) of the tumors; partial or complete methylation, in 94.87% (37/39), 0 (0/42), 97.56% (40/41), 100% (41/41), and 0 (0/40), respectively. Most gene pairs showed significant weak to moderate positive correlations of tumoral mRNA expression with each other: RAD51 with ATR ( P = .027), BRCA1 ( P < .001), and BRCA2 ( P < .001); ATR with BRCA1 ( P = .007), and ATM ( P = .001); BRCA1 with BRCA2 ( P = 0.001). BRCA1 mRNA was reduced in tumors compared with non-neoplastic mucosa (0.345 vs 1.272, P = .015) and, excluding neoadjuvant therapy cases, in T3 to T4 tumors compared with T2 (0.414 vs 0.954, P = .035). Greater tumoral RAD51 mRNA levels correlated with perineural invasion (1.822 vs 0.725, P = .010) and death (1.664 vs 0.929, P = .036), but not with survival time. There was an inverse association between nuclear immunohistochemical positivity for ATR and its mRNA levels (0.487 vs 0.907, P = .032), and no significant correlation for the other markers. Conclusions: Our results suggest RAD51, BRCA1, and BRCA2 methylation as a frequent epigenetic mechanism in gastric cancer, support the hypothesis that reduced BRCA1 expression participates in disease progression, and show an association between RAD51 mRNA and perineural invasion and mortality that may be considered unexpected, considering the former immunohistochemical studies. The lack of correlation between immunohistochemistry and mRNA, and even the inverse association, for ATR, can be seen as indicative of action of post-transcriptional or post-translational regulatory mechanisms, to be better investigated.
Epidemiological characteristics, etiological spectrum, and outcomes of adult patients with pericardial effusion at a Teaching Hospital in Somalia
Authors: Farah Yusuf Mohamud Mohamed , Abdi Ishak Ahmed , Uzel Muzeyyen , Turfan Selim , Ahmed Said Abdirahman , Mohamed Hussein Hassan , Ali Adan Hassan Adan , Ahmed Mohamed A. M. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Pericardial effusion (PE) is an abnormal fluid volume in the pericardial space and is a common clinical entity. The incidence of PE is estimated diversely and depends on risk factors, etiologies, and geographic locations. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics, etiologic spectrum, echocardiographic features, and outcomes among patients with different types of PE. Method: This retrospective observational study included 93 patients with confirmed PE. Their medical records were reviewed in the hospital information system of Mogadishu Somali Turkish Training and Research Hospital between April 2022 and September 2022. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, chest X-rays, echocardiography, laboratory findings, management approaches, and outcome reports were reviewed and recorded. Results: Out of the 3000 participants, 3.1% ( n = 93/3000) met the definition of definitive PE. In this study, we included 51 females and 42 males. Among the patients, 86% ( n = 80) had at least one comorbidity, with diabetes (38.7%) and hypertension (37.6%) being the most common. The most frequently reported clinical presentation findings were shortness of breath (67.7%), chest pain (49.4%), cough (47.3%), and palpitations (47.3%). Cardiac tamponade developed in 9.7% ( n = 9) of the patients. Pericardial taps were performed in 64.5% of the cases. Our analysis showed that the most common cause of PE was cardiac disease ( n = 33, 35.4%), followed by tuberculosis (TB) ( n = 25, 26.8%), uremic pericarditis ( n = 24, 25.8%), and hypothyroidism ( n = 10, 10.7%). Regarding the severity of PE based on echocardiographic findings, nearly half of the patients ( n = 46, 49.4%) had mild PE, whereas 26.8% ( n = 25) had moderate PE, and 23.6% ( n = 22) had severe PE. Two-thirds of the cases (66.6%) were managed with furosemide, 48 (51.6%) patients were treated with an anti-inflammatory, hemodialysis was performed in 24 (25.8%) patients and antituberculous medications were administered to 7 (7.5%) patients. Out of the 93 patients, 24 (25.8%) died during the hospital stay. It was determined that the mortality risk of patients with renal failure was 7.518 times higher than those without ( p = 0.004), and the risk for those with TB was 5.554 times higher than those without ( p = 0.011). Other variables were not influential on mortality ( p > 0.050). Conclusion: Our study results demonstrate the epidemiological profile of PE in Somalia. The leading causes of PE were cardiac diseases, uremic pericarditis, TB, and hypothyroidism. PE is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Somalia, especially in individuals with renal failure and TB infection.
A new explanation of “toubo (投博)” in the bronze mirror inscriptions of Han Dynasty
Authors: Kong Dechao 
Published: January 2024

The phrase “toubo (投博)” in “toubozhiming (投博至明)” was the abbreviation of “touhu 投壶” and “boxi 博戏” in the bronze mirror inscriptions. In the Han Dynasty, “touhu (投壶)” and “boxi (博戏),” as two kinds of entertainment activities, usually appeared in the banquet scene simultaneously. As two dynamic and static activities, they were both physical and intellectual competitions, which were able to satisfy people's spiritual and cultural requirements. “Toubo (投博)” was understood as the abbreviation of “touhu (投壶)” and “boxi (博戏)”; it not only showed the rich variety of entertainment activities in the Han Dynasty, but also truly restored the scene of “toubozhiming (投博至明)” in the bronze mirror inscriptions.
An advanced hybrid deep learning model for predicting total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity (EC) in coastal aquifers
Authors: Jamshidzadeh Zahra , Latif Sarmad Dashti , Ehteram Mohammad , Sheikh Khozani Zohreh , Ahmed Ali Najah , Sherif Mohsen , El-Shafie Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor more than one billion people living in coastal regions, coastal aquifers provide a water resource. In coastal regions, monitoring water quality is an important issue for policymakers. Many studies mentioned that most of the conventional models were not accurate for predicting total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) in coastal aquifers. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an accurate model for forecasting TDS and EC as two main parameters for water quality. Hence, in this study, a new hybrid deep learning model is presented based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNE), Long Short-Term Memory Neural Networks (LOST), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPRE) models. The objective of this study will contribute to the sustainable development goal (SDG) 6 of the united nation program which aims to guarantee universal access to clean water and proper sanitation. The new model can obtain point and interval predictions simultaneously. Additionally, features of data points can be extracted automatically. In the first step, the CNNE model automatically extracted features. Afterward, the outputs of CNNE were flattened. The LOST used flattened arrays for the point prediction. Finally, the outputs of the GPRE model receives the outputs of the LOST model to obtain the interval prediction. The model parameters were adjusted using the rat swarm optimization algorithm (ROSA). This study used PH, Ca +  + , Mg2 + , Na + , K + , HCO3, SO4, and Cl− to predict EC and TDS in a coastal aquifer. For predicting EC, the CNNE-LOST-GPRE, LOST-GPRE, CNNE-GPRE, CNNE-LOST, LOST, and CNNE models achieved NSE values of 0.96, 0.95, 0.92, 0.91, 0.90, and 0.87, respectively. Sodium adsorption ratio, EC, magnesium hazard ratio, sodium percentage, and total hardness indices were used to evaluate the quality of GWL. These indices indicated poor groundwater quality in the aquifer. This study shows that the CNNE-LOST-GPRE is a reliable model for predicting complex phenomena. Therefore, the current developed hybrid model could be used by private and public water sectors for predicting TDS and EC for enhancing water quality in coastal aquifers.