bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An insight into vitamin E and lipid nutrition of the plains‐wanderer Pedionomus torquatus
Authors: Jarman Angela K. , Shaw Michelle E. , Liu Sonia Y. , Grueber Catherine E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVitamin E, as α‐tocopherol, is an essential antioxidant protecting the body from free radicals. The vitamin E requirement of managed wildlife species is known to be greater than their wild counterparts, predominantly due to higher dietary lipid content and potentially stressful environments. The plains‐wanderer (Pedionomus torquatus, Family Pedionomidae [monotypical]) is a critically endangered, superficially quail‐like bird that is the focus of an ongoing captive breeding programme in Australia. It is estimated that plains‐wanderers have a high vitamin E requirement (compared with domestic poultry species) to offset a high lipid diet and their naturally flighty temperament. This study therefore aims to gain a greater understanding of the nutritional status and vitamin E requirements of plains‐wanderers in managed environments. Total lipid and α‐tocopherol intake were quantified for 26 zoo‐managed plains‐wanderers over a series of diet intake trials in addition to measurement of plasma α‐tocopherol and cholesterol concentrations. Plains‐wanderers that consumed higher portions of dietary fat had significantly lower circulating α‐tocopherol concentrations than birds that consumed lower total dietary fat (p < .001). Additionally, plasma cholesterol concentrations of managed plains‐wanderers were found to be significantly greater than all other bird species reviewed, irrespective of Family or feeding type. We also present the first published data quantifying the nutritional makeup of stomach contents of a wild plains‐wanderer for use as a potential guide for diet formulation. This study forms a vital foundational insight into the nutritional management of plains‐wanderers, but further research is required to understand their dietary habits and cholesterol metabolism.
Development Resilience as the Scope of Social Protection
Authors: Rahman Andaleeb , Pingali Prabhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSocial protection policies have traditionally provided band-aid policy responses to daily risks and vulnerabilities. In this chapter, we argue that the overall welfare objective of social protection policies should be to promote and build resilience. Historical experience of social welfare policies suggests that as countries develop and reduce poverty, social policy become more encompassing creating a virtuous cycle of progress where those ‘falling through the cracks’ are given social protection by the state. The focus, form, and scope of social protection therefore evolves along the path of structural transformation. As developing countries build their social protection strategies, plenty can be learnt from the experience of more advanced nations, but also innovations are required to adapt welfare policies to newer challenges such as deindustrialization, rising informalization of the economy, and the changing nature of work.
Einarbeitung in der Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin in Deutschland
Authors: Naendrup Jan-Hendrik , Hertrich Anna Carola , Briegel Janika , Reifarth Eyleen , Hoffmann Julian , Mucha Anuschka , König Victoria , Weber Theresa 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Therapie akut lebensbedrohlicher Krankheitsverläufe in der Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin verlangt nach einer fundierten Aus- und Weiterbildung, wobei der Einarbeitung eine Schlüsselrolle zufällt.

Fragestellung
Wie sind die Struktur und Qualität der ärztlichen und pflegerischen Einarbeitung auf Intensivstationen und in Notaufnahmen in Deutschland?

Methodik
Mithilfe einer Befragungssoftware wurde ein deutschsprachiger Online-Fragebogen mit 40 Fragen zur genannten Thematik zur anonymisierten Datenerhebung entworfen. Die Verbreitung erfolgte über die Website der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Internistische Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin (DGIIN) und über Social-Media-Kanäle.

Ergebnisse
103 Pflegefachpersonen und 125 Ärzt:innen nahmen an der Befragung teil. Die Berufserfahrung der Pflegefachpersonen lag bei durchschnittlich 8,5 ± 5,1 Jahren, die der Ärzt:innen bei 3,0 ± 3,1 Jahren. Die Teilnehmenden arbeiteten schwerpunktmäßig auf Intensivstationen (59 %) oder in Notaufnahmen (22 %). Die Einarbeitung der Pflegefachpersonen dauerte durchschnittlich 45 ± 27 Tage, die der Ärzt:innen 13 ± 13 Tage. Nur 20 % der Einarbeitung erfolgten losgelöst von der klinischen Routineversorgung als Seminar oder Praxistraining. 47 % der Teilnehmenden gaben an, dass sie die avisierte Einarbeitungszeit nicht vollständig absolvieren konnten. Nur 49 % wurden rechtskonform in die Geräte ihres Arbeitsbereichs eingewiesen. Nach der Einarbeitung gaben 35 % an, sich sicher oder eher sicher im Umgang mit planbaren Tätigkeiten zu fühlen, bei akuten Notfällen waren es 15 %.

Diskussion
Die Einarbeitung in der Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin ist vielerorts inadäquat und birgt sowohl Sicherheits- als auch Haftungsrisiken. Es bedarf neuer Konzepte, um die Einarbeitung klinikübergreifend zu verbessern.
Viktimisierung durch Inbrandsetzung
Authors: Dietz E. , Püschel K. , Ondruschka B. , Schädler J. 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Nachdem eine Person durch Anzünden ihrer Kopfhaare maßgeblich verletzt wurde, sollte experimentell die tatsächliche Gefahr ermittelt werden, die von einer solchen Tat ausgeht. Zumindest in Deutschland ist die vorsätzliche Schädigung anderer Personen durch Anzünden selten.

Material und Methoden
Es wurden insgesamt 20 unbehandelte, mit Haarstylingprodukten behandelte sowie feuchte und trockene Haarproben gezielt durch Zündhölzer angezündet. Die Reaktion wurde mittels Videoaufzeichnung und Wärmebildmessung digital aufgezeichnet und ausgewertet. Eine mögliche Flammenübertragung auf Bekleidungstextilien wurde durch Befestigung kleinerer Textilstücke in unmittelbarer Umgebung der Haarprobe simuliert und überprüft.

Ergebnisse
Mit Ausnahme der Feuchthaarproben kam es in allen Fällen im Moment der Zündholzflammenexposition zu einer raschen Entzündung der Versuchshaare mit vollständiger Verbrennung. Eine Entflammbarkeit von Textilgewebe gelang, wenn dieses unmittelbaren Kontakt zu den Haarproben hatte. Für die behandelten Haarproben zeigten sich die Flammenentwicklung akzeleriert und die Brenndauer verlängert.

Schlussfolgerung
Zusammengefasst birgt das Anzünden von Kopfhaaren massive Gefahren bis hin zur Todesfolge.
Flanker interference at both stimulus and response levels decreases with age
Authors: Di Chiaro Nunzia Valentina , Holmes Nicholas Paul 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhen trying to identify the colour of a target, people’s performance is impaired by nearby distractors of different colours. It is controversial whether these interference effects originate from competing stimuli, competing responses or from both simultaneously. These interference effects may also differ depending on a person’s age. Comparisons between studies show mixed results, while differences in experimental design and data analysis complicate the interpretation. In our study, we manipulated the relative proportions of congruent and incongruent trials with respect to both stimuli and responses. Considering this aspect, we asked whether people resolve stimulus and response interference differently at different ages. 92 children (6–14 years), 25 young adults (20–43 years) and 33 older adults (60–84 years) performed a coloured version of the Eriksen flanker task. Since reaction times and errors were correlated, inverse efficiency scores were used to address speed-accuracy trade-offs between groups. Absolute interference effects were used to measure relationships with age. The results showed first, unexpectedly, that response interference was comparable between stimulus- and response-balanced conditions. Second, performance at all ages was significantly influenced both by competing stimuli and responses. Most importantly, the size of interference effects decreased with age. These findings cast some doubt on the conclusions of previous studies, and raise further questions about how cognitive control is best measured across the lifespan.
MRI findings in athletic groin pain: correlation of imaging with history and examination in symptomatic and asymptomatic athletes
Authors: Ooi Michelle Wei Xin , Marzetti Matthew , Rowbotham Emma , Bertham Dominic , Robinson Philip 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
To determine differences in prevalence and diagnostic accuracy of MRI findings between asymptomatic athletes and athletes with longstanding groin pain.

Materials and methods
One hundred twenty-three adult male athletes were approached with 85 consecutive athletes recruited. Group 1 (symptomatic, n = 34) athletes referred for longstanding groin pain (insidious onset, > 3 weeks duration). Group 2 (control, n = 51) athletes referred for injuries remote from the pelvis and no groin pain in the last 12 weeks. All referrers completed a clinical examination proforma documenting absence or presence of pelvis and hip abnormality. All patients completed the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) questionnaire and underwent a 3T MRI groin and hip protocol. MRIs were scored independently by two musculoskeletal radiologists blinded to clinical details. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate associations between MRI findings, inter-reader reliability, clinical examination and HAGOS scores.

Results
Pubic body subchondral bone oedema, capsule/aponeurosis junction tear and soft tissue oedema were more prevalent in the symptomatic group (p = 0.0003, 0.0273 and 0.0005, respectively) and in athletes with clinical abnormality at symphysis pubis, adductor insertion, rectus abdominis, psoas and inguinal canal (p = 0.0002, 0.0459 and 0.00002, respectively). Pubic body and subchondral oedema and capsule/aponeurosis tear and oedema significantly correlated with lower (worse) HAGOS scores (p = 0.004, 0.00009, 0.0004 and 0.002, respectively). Inter-reader reliability was excellent, 0.87 (range 0.58–1). Symphyseal bone spurring, disc protrusion and labral tears were highly prevalent in both groups.

Conclusion
Clinical assessment and MRI findings of pubic subchondral bone oedema and capsule/aponeurosis abnormality appear to be the strongest correlators with longstanding groin pain.
A formula for instability-related bone loss: estimating glenoid width and redefining bare spot
Authors: Ren Zhongkai , Wang Fengkun , Huang Xiaohong , Wang Jian , Zhang Yingze , Yu Tengbo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study reveals a new intuitive method for preoperatively assessing defect ratio in glenoid deficiency based on the native glenoid width and the bare spot.

Methods
A linear relationship, i.e. the rh formula, between the native glenoid width (2r) and height (h) was revealed by a cadaver cohort (n = 204). To validate the reliability of the rh formula, 280 3D-CT images of intact glenoids were recruited. To evaluate the accuracy of rh formula in estimating glenoid defect, the 65 anterior–inferior defect models were artificially established based on the 3D-CT images of intact glenoids. Moreover, a clinically common anterior–posterior (AP) method was compared with the rh formula, to verify the technical superiority of rh formula.

Results
The regression analysis indicated a linear relationship between the width and height of intact glenoid: 2r = 0.768 × h − 1.222 mm (R2 = 0.820, p < 0.001). An excellent reliability was found between the formula prediction and model width (ICC = 0.911, p = 0.266). An excellent agreement was found between the predicted values and model parameters (glenoid width, ICCrh = 0.967, prh = 0.778; defect ratio, prh = 0.572, ICCrh = 0.997). And, it is of higher accuracy compared to the AP method (glenoid width, ICCAP = 0.933, pAP = 0.001; defect ratio, ICCAP = 0.911, pAP = 0.033).

Conclusion
Applying the cadaver-based formula on 3D-CT scans accurately predicts native glenoid width and redefines bare spot for preoperatively determining glenoid bone loss.
Results of robotic liver surgery in association with IWATE criteria — the first 100 cases
Authors: Steinkraus Kira C. , Traub Benno , Heger Patrick , Zaimi Marin , Mihaljevic Andre L. , Michalski Christoph W. , Kornmann Marko , Hüttner Felix J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Aim of the current study was to present the results of the implementation phase of a robotic liver surgery program and to assess the validity of the IWATE difficulty score in predicting difficulty and postoperative complications in robotic liver surgery.

Methods
Based on the prospective database of the Interdisciplinary Robotic Center of Ulm University Hospital, the first 100 robotic liver surgeries were identified and analyzed. Perioperative parameters (duration of surgery and blood loss) and postoperative parameters including morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay were assessed and the results were compared between different IWATE difficulty categories.

Results
From November 2020 until January 2023, 100 robotic liver surgeries were performed (41 female, 59 male; median age 60.6 years, median BMI 25.9 kg/m2). Median duration of surgery was 180 min (IQR: 128.7), and median blood loss was 300 ml (IQR: 550). Ninety-day mortality was 2%, and overall morbidity was 21%, with major complications occurring in 13% of patients (≥ grade 3 according to Clavien/Dindo). A clinically relevant postoperative biliary leakage was observed in 3 patients. Posthepatectomy liver failure occurred in 7% (4 Grade A, 3 Grade B). Duration of surgery (p < 0.001), blood loss (p < 0.001), CCI (p = 0.004), overall morbidity (p = 0.004), and length of hospital stay (p < 0.001) were significantly increased in the IWATE ‘expert’ category compared to lower categories.

Discussion
Robotic surgery offers a minimally invasive approach for liver surgery with favorable clinical outcomes, even in the implementation phase. In the current study the IWATE difficulty score had the ability to predict both difficulty of surgery as well as postoperative outcomes when assessing the complexity of robotic liver surgery. Therefore, the role of the IWATE score in predicting these outcomes highlights its importance as a tool in surgical planning and decision-making.
The clinical characteristics, gene mutations and outcomes of myelodysplastic syndromes with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Xu Fanhuan , Jin Jiacheng , Guo Juan , Xu Feng , Chen Jianan , Liu Qi , Song Luxi , Zhang Zheng , Zhou Liyu , Su Jiying , Xiao Chao , Zhang Yumei , Yan Meng , He Qi , Wu Dong , Chang Chunkang , Li Xiao , Wu Lingyun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the second most common comorbidity in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of MDS patients with DM.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 890 MDS patients with or without DM. Clinical data, including genetic changes, overall survival (OS), leukemia-free survival (LFS) and infection, were analyzed.

Results
Among 890 patients, 184 (20.7%) had DM. TET2 and SF3B1 mutations occurred more frequently in the DM group than those in the non-DM group (p = 0.0092 and p = 0.0004, respectively). Besides, DM was an independent risk factor for infection (HR 2.135 CI 1.451–3.110, p = 0.000) in MDS. Compared to non-DM patients, MDS patients with DM had poor OS and LFS (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0017, respectively), especially in the lower-risk group. While in multivariate analysis, DM did not retain its prognostic significance and the prognostic significance of infection was maintained (HR 2.488 CI 1.749–3.538, p = 0.000).

Conclusions
MDS patients with DM have an inferior prognosis which may due to higher infection incidence, with TET2 and SF3B1 mutations being more frequent in those cases.
The critical variational setting for stochastic evolution equations
Authors: Agresti Antonio , Veraar Mark 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper we introduce the critical variational setting for parabolic stochastic evolution equations of quasi- or semi-linear type. Our results improve many of the abstract results in the classical variational setting. In particular, we are able to replace the usual weak or local monotonicity condition by a more flexible local Lipschitz condition. Moreover, the usual growth conditions on the multiplicative noise are weakened considerably. Our new setting provides general conditions under which local and global existence and uniqueness hold. In addition, we prove continuous dependence on the initial data. We show that many classical SPDEs, which could not be covered by the classical variational setting, do fit in the critical variational setting. In particular, this is the case for the Cahn–Hilliard equation, tamed Navier–Stokes equations, and Allen–Cahn equation.
Radiofrequency thermocoagulation under neuromonitoring guidance and general anesthesia for treatment of refractory trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Abboud Tammam , Malinova Vesna , Rohde Veit , Mielke Dorothee 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
Radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) for refractory trigeminal neuralgia is usually performed in awake patients to localize the involved trigeminal branches. It is often a painful experience. Here, we present RFT under neuromonitoring guidance and general anesthesia.

Method
Stimulation of trigeminal branches at the foramen ovale with the tip of the RFT cannula is performed under short general anesthesia. Antidromic sensory–evoked potentials (aSEP) are recorded from the 3 trigeminal branches. The cannula is repositioned until the desired branch can be stimulated and lesioned.

Conclusion
aSEP enable accurate localization of involved trigeminal branches during RFT and allow performing the procedure under general anesthesia.
An investigation of the effect of drawdown pressure on sand production in an Iranian oilfield using a hybrid numerical modeling approach
Authors: Nemati Nemat , Ahangari Kaveh , Goshtasbi Kamran , Shirinabadi Reza 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReservoir pressure reduction due to continuous production from oil and gas wells affects the sand production rate. An increase in drawdown pressure and/or a decrease in reservoir pressure increases the sand production rate. Since the problem of sand production is one of the main issues in the Asmari sandstone formation located in one of the oilfields in the southwest of Iran, therefore, in this research, the variations in the sand production rate due to the changes in the reservoir and drawdown pressures were investigated. So, for the first time, a hybrid numerical model of finite difference method (FDM)—discrete element method (DEM)—finite element method (FEM)—computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was developed. This numerical model investigated the increase in the sand production rate due to variations in reservoir pressure with a constant bottom-hole flowing pressure. Then, by performing an extensive sensitivity analysis on different values of reservoir pressure and drawdown pressure, the changes in the sanding rate, the critical drawdown pressure, and the safe drawdown line were determined. The results showed that, if the production flow rate of the well is constant, increasing the drawdown pressure can change the sand production rate only to a certain extent, and more than that, will be produced at a constant rate. Also, adjusting the drawdown pressure within a safe range does not necessarily keep the sand production rate constant at a permissible value for a long time, while by keeping the bottom hole flowing pressure constant within an acceptable range, the sand production rate can be controlled for a longer period.
Physicochemical cell disruption of Bacillus sp. for recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates: future bioplastic for sustainability
Authors: Bhat G. Sohani , Deekshitha B. K. , Thivaharan V. , Divyashree M. S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPolyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is known for wide applications, biocompatibility, and degradability; however, it cannot be commercialized due to conventional recovery using solvents. The present study employed mechanical cell-disruption methods, such as Pestle and mortar, sonication, and glass bead vortexing, for solvent-free extraction of PHA from Bacillus sp. Different time intervals were set for grinding (5, 10, 15 min), sonicating (1, 3 and 5 min), and vortexing (2, 5 and 8 g glass beads with 5, 10 and 15 min each) hence studying their effect on cell lysis to release PHA. Tris buffer containing phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) (20 mM Tris–HCl, pH 8.0, 1 mM PMSF) was employed as a lysis buffer to study its action over Bacillus cells. Its presence was checked with the above methods in cell lysis. Sonicating cells for 5 min in the presence of lysis buffer achieved a maximum PHA yield of 45%. Cell lysis using lysis buffer yielded 35% PHA when vortexing with 5 g glass beads for 15 min. Grinding cells for 15 min showed a maximum yield of 34% but lacked a lysis buffer. The overall results indicated that the action of lysis buffer and physical extraction methods improved PHA yield by %. Therefore, the study sought to evaluate the feasibility of applying laboratory methods for cell disruption. These methods can showcase possible opportunities in large-scale applications. The polymer yield results were compared with standard sodium hypochlorite extraction. Confirmation of obtained polymers as polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB) was made through FTIR and 1HNMR characterization.
A Comprehensive Review of the Relationship Between Oral Health and Down Syndrome
Authors: Botero Javier Enrique , Rodríguez-Medina Carolina , Amaya-Sanchez Sandra , Salazar Clara Lina , Contreras Adolfo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) may be more susceptible to oral disorders as a result of a combination of genetic factors, immunological disturbances, anatomical anomalies, and probable difficulties in maintaining adequate oral hygiene. Within this context, we provide a comprehensive review of the most important relationships between oral health and Down syndrome.

Recent Findings
Recent investigations suggest that a diminished diversity in the oral microbiome could emerge as a critical factor affecting oral health in individuals with DS. Plausible anatomical and metabolic peculiarities inherent to DS, including alterations in salivary characteristics, the presence of obstructive sleep apnea, elevated end glycation product levels, and hypothyroidism, may exert a significant influence on the composition and dynamics of the oral microbiome. A comprehensive analysis of the evidence implies a reduced occurrence of caries in individuals with DS. Furthermore, a recent meta-analysis indicates that gingivitis (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.09–3.41) and periodontitis (OR 3.93; 95% CI 1.81–8.53) are more frequent in people with DS and strongly associated. Oral function in DS is also affected resulting in speech, breathing and eating problems. These findings underscore the necessity to implement targeted educational and awareness programs, along with specific intervention protocols, for the younger generations of individuals with DS, their families, and caregivers.

Summary
Although trisomy 21 itself does not determine a specific cause of oral diseases in DS, common oral health conditions such as gingivitis, periodontitis, and caries remain a matter of concern. The nexus between insufficient plaque control, distinctive oral characteristics, and reluctance to engage in treatment persists as noteworthy determinants. The necessity for oral health professionals to exercise patience and commitment when addressing oral care for individuals with Down syndrome is crucial.