bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased activity of IRE1 improves the clinical presentation of EAE
Authors: Bracchi‐Ricard Valerie , Nguyen Kayla , Ricci Daniela , Gaudette Brian , Henao‐Mejia Jorge , Brambilla Roberta , Martynyuk Tetyana , Gidalevitz Tali , Allman David , Bethea John R. , Argon Yair 
Published: November 2023

AbstractActivation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor inositol‐requiring enzyme‐1α (IRE1α) contributes to neuronal development and is known to induce neuronal remodeling in vitro and in vivo. On the contrary, excessive IRE1 activity is often detrimental and may contribute to neurodegeneration. To determine the consequences of increased activation of IRE1α, we used a mouse model expressing a C148S variant of IRE1α with increased and sustained activation. Surprisingly, the mutation did not affect the differentiation of highly secretory antibody‐producing cells but exhibited a beneficial effect in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Although mechanical allodynia was unaffected, significant improvement in motor function was found in IRE1C148S mice with EAE relative to wild type (WT) mice. Coincident with this improvement, there was reduced microgliosis in the spinal cord of IRE1C148S mice, with reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes. This was accompanied by reduced axonal degeneration and enhanced 2',3'‐cyclic nucleotide 3'‐phosphodiesterase (CNPase) levels, suggesting improved myelin integrity. Interestingly, while the IRE1C148S mutation is expressed in all cells, the reduction in proinflammatory cytokines and in the microglial activation marker ionized calcium‐binding adapter molecule (IBA1), along with preservation of phagocytic gene expression, all point to microglia as the cell type contributing to the clinical improvement in IRE1C148S animals. Our data suggest that sustained increase in IRE1α activity can be beneficial in vivo, and that this protection is cell type and context dependent. Considering the overwhelming but conflicting evidence for the role of ER stress in neurological diseases, a better understanding of the function of ER stress sensors in physiological contexts is clearly needed.
Levels of Albumin and Impact on Loop Diuretic and Albumin Co-administration in Heart Failure
Authors: Lai Megan , Lam Jade C. , Radosevich John J. , Patanwala Asad E. , Vijayakrishnan Rajakrishnan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Management of heart failure (HF) requires the use of loop diuretics to relieve congestion and improve symptoms. When loop diuretics alone fail to induce adequate diuresis, albumin has been proposed to enhance loop diuretic delivery and promote redistribution of fluid for excretion by the kidneys. Despite the theoretical benefits of albumin, studies suggesting its benefit in HF are scarce and the co-administration of loop diuretics and albumin remains controversial. This retrospective, observational study evaluated patients with HF 18 years or older who received concomitant intravenous loop diuretic and albumin administration. The primary objective was to evaluate the association of serum albumin level with urine output (UOP) in hospitalized patients with HF who received concomitant albumin and loop diuretic therapy. Secondary endpoints included total weight loss after 72 hours, and ICU and hospital lengths of stay. In total, 276 patients were included for analysis. There was no association between initial serum albumin level and 72-hour UOP (coefficient −623.1, 95% confidence interval −1558.6 to 312.4; P = 0.191) or weight difference at 72 hours (coefficient −1.0, 95% confidence interval −2.4 to 0.3; P = 0.131). Lower albumin levels were associated with longer ICU (P = 0.034) and hospital (P = 0.039) lengths of stay. Concomitant thiazide diuretic use and increasing loop diuretic doses were associated with increased 72-hour UOP. The results of our study suggests that providers should avoid using baseline albumin levels as guidance for albumin dosing in HF. Given the lack of comparator groups, larger randomized controlled trials should be done to provide a definitive role for albumin to enhance diuresis in patients with HF on intravenous loop diuretics.
Anatomic Anomalies of the Nerves Treated during Headache Surgery
Authors: Peled Ziv M. , Gfrerer Lisa , Hagan Rob , Al-Kassis Salam , Savvides Georgia , Austen Gerald , Valenti Alyssa , Chinta Malini 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Headache surgery is a well-established, viable option for patients with chronic head pain/migraines refractory to conventional treatment modalities. These operations involve any number of seven primary nerves. In the occipital region, the surgical targets are the greater, lesser, and third occipital nerves. In the temporal region, they are the auriculotemporal and zygomaticotemporal nerves. In the forehead, the supraorbital and supratrochlear are targeted. The typical anatomic courses of these nerves are well established and documented in clinical and cadaveric studies. However, variations of this “typical” anatomy are quite common and relatively poorly understood. Headache surgeons should be aware of these common anomalies, as they may alter treatment in several meaningful ways.

Methods:
In this article, we describe the experience of five established headache surgeons encompassing over 4000 cases with respect to the most common anomalies of the nerves typically addressed during headache surgery. Descriptions of anomalous nerve courses and suggestions for management are offered.

Results:
Anomalies of all seven nerves addressed during headache operations occur with a frequency ranging from 2% to 50%, depending on anomaly type and nerve location. Variations of the temporal and occipital nerves are most common, whereas anomalies of the frontal nerves are relatively less common. Management includes broader dissection and/or transection of accessory injured nerves combined with strategies to reduce neuroma formation such as targeted reinnervation or regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces.

Conclusions:
Understanding these myriad nerve anomalies is essential to any headache surgeon. Implications are relevant to preoperative planning, intraoperative dissection, and postoperative management.
Mediators of Visual Acuity in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty and Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Lin Charles C. , Chamberlain Winston D. , Kakigi Caitlin , Arnold Benjamin F. , Rose-Nussbaumer Jennifer 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate mediators of visual acuity in ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) compared with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods:
This was a prespecified secondary analysis of the Descemet Endothelial Thickness Comparison Trial, a prospective, randomized controlled trial comparing UT-DSAEK with DMEK. Subjects with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy presenting to 2 academic centers were enrolled and randomized to either UT-DSAEK (n = 25 eyes) or DMEK (n = 25 eyes). Higher order aberrations (HOAs) and corneal densitometry were measured with Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months.

Results:
The posterior corneal surface at the 6.0-mm optical zone had significantly less total HOAs (P <0.001) in the DMEK group compared with UT-DSAEK at 24 months. Anterior and posterior corneal densitometry improved from baseline to 24 months for both UT-DSAEK and DMEK, but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Corneal densitometry and posterior HOAs were both associated with best-corrected visual acuity (P <0.05). DMEK had 1.3 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution better visual acuity compared with UT-DSAEK at 24 months. Approximately 64% of this effect was mediated through posterior HOAs, whereas none was mediated through anterior HOAs or densitometry.

Conclusions:
Decreased posterior HOAs mediate better visual acuity and account for improved vision after DMEK compared with UT-DSAEK. Corneal light scatter as measured by densitometry is similar between UT-DSAEK and DMEK, indicating that the increased thickness and stromal–stromal interface in UT-DSAEK do not significantly affect visual acuity.
Preferred reporting of case series in surgery (PROCESS) 2023 guidelines
Authors: Mathew Ginimol , Sohrabi Catrin , Franchi Thomas , Nicola Maria , Kerwan Ahmed , Agha Riaz ,   PROCESS Group
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
The PROCESS guidelines were developed in 2016 in order to improve the reporting quality of surgical case series. Since its inception, it has been updated twice, in 2018 and 2020, and has been cited over 1000 times. PROCESS guidelines have enjoyed great acceptance within the surgical research community. Our aim is to update the PROCESS guidelines in order to maintain its applicability in the field of surgical research.

Methods:
A PROCESS 2023 steering group was created. By working in collaboration, members of this group came up with proposals to update the PROCESS 2020 guidelines. These proposals were presented to an expert panel of researchers, who in turn scrutinised these proposals and decided whether they should become part of PROCESS 2023 guidelines or not, through a Delphi consensus exercise.

Results:
A total of 38 people participated in the development of PROCESS 2023 guidelines. The majority of items received a score between 7 and 9 from >70% of the participants, indicating consensus with the proposed changes to those items. However, two items (3c and 6a) received a score between 7 and 9 from <70% of the participants, indicating a lack of consensus with the proposed changes to those items. Those items will remain unchanged.

Discussion:
The updated PROCESS 2023 guidelines are presented with an aim to continue improving the reporting quality of case series in surgery.
Impact of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone agonist and hormone replacement therapy on pregnancy outcomes in single euploid frozen-thawed embryo transfer for patients with endometrial polyps
Authors: Zhao Qing , Li Jie , Wang Wei-Lin , Liu Ying-Bo , Li Jing , Ni Tian-Xiang , Zhou Wei , Zhang Qian , Yan Jun-Hao 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
While consensus on the optimal endometrial preparation protocol for frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) is lacking, this is particularly true for patients with infertility and a history of endometrial polyps (EPs). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist combined with hormone replacement therapy (GnRHa-HRT) could improve pregnancy outcomes in single euploid FET for patients with a history of EPs.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, 395 women who underwent their first single euploid FET cycle were divided into groups according to endometrial preparation protocols as follows: natural cycle (NC) (n=220), hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (n=122), and GnRHa-HRT groups (n=53). Subsequently, the FET cycles in the three groups were subdivided according to maternal age. All patients underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy before FET, and their EPs were confirmed by pathology.

Results:
No statistically significant differences were observed in live birth rates among the three groups (58.64% vs. 58.20% vs. 56.60%, P=0.964). Furthermore, the rates of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, premature live birth, and pregnancy complications were comparable among the three groups (P >0.05). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, no significant differences in pregnancy outcomes were reported between the groups (adjusted odds ratios [OR] and 95% credible intervals [CI] for live birth rate, HRT vs. NC: 1.119, 0.660–1.896, P=0.677; GnRHa-HRT vs. NC: 1.165, 0.610–2.226, P=0.643). Additionally, the pregnancy outcomes of the FET cycle were not influenced by the endometrial preparation protocols in the subgroups when stratified by maternal age (P >0.05).

Conclusion:
GnRHa-HRT did not improve the pregnancy outcomes of the single euploid FET in patients with a history of EPs.
Whale shark residency and small-scale movements around oil and gas platforms in Qatar
Authors: Bach Steffen S. , Robinson David P. , Jaidah Mohammed Y. , Pierce Simon J. , Thoppil Prasad , Rohner Christoph A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArtificial structures in the ocean can influence the movements and residency of migratory fishes. Whale sharks seasonally aggregate near oil and gas platforms in Qatar to feed on fish spawn, creating one of the largest aggregations for the species. We used passive acoustic telemetry to examine their fine-scale movements, residency, and seasonality and investigate whether the platforms influence their habitat use in the area. Tags had a mean retention of 161 ±186 SD days and 32 of the 117 tags were recorded in multiple seasons in the acoustic array (21 stations). Most detections were recorded during the season that was established with other methods from May to September, confirming that this whale shark aggregation is seasonal. Whale sharks stayed up to 77 consecutive days in the array (mean = 16 ± 12.51 days) and had a mean residency index Rmaxof 0.31, highlighting the importance of this site to their ecology. While most detections were made at a receiver near a platform, other platforms had few detections and the distance from the centre of the aggregation was the main explanatory variable in a GLM, indicating that the platforms do not influence the whale shark’s habitat use. Instead, they moved with the current during the morning, when they feed on fish eggs at the surface which also float with the current, and swam against the current in the late afternoon and at night to be at the presumed fish spawning site again in the early morning. Our results highlight the importance of this small feeding area for whale sharks which face a high threat level in the region.
Identification of mouse CD4+T cell epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 spike and nucleocapsid for use in peptide:MHCII tetramers
Authors: Moreno Laura Bricio , de Albuquerque Juliana Barreto , Neary Jake M. , Nguyen Thao , Hastie Kathryn M. , Landeras-Bueno Sara , Hariharan Chitra , Nathan Anusha , Getz Matthew A. , Gayton Alton C. , Khatri Ashok , Gaiha Gaurav D. , Saphire Erica Ollmann , Luster Andrew D. , Moon James J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 is a major requisite for the development of effective vaccines and treatments for COVID-19. CD4+T cells play an integral role in this process primarily by generating antiviral cytokines and providing help to antibody-producing B cells. To empower detailed studies of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+T cell responses in mouse models, we comprehensively mapped I-Ab-restricted epitopes for the spike and nucleocapsid proteins of the BA.1 variant of concern via IFNγ ELISpot assay. This was followed by the generation of corresponding peptide:MHCII tetramer reagents to directly stain epitope-specific T cells. Using this rigorous validation strategy, we identified 6 reliably immunogenic epitopes in spike and 3 in nucleocapsid, all of which are conserved in the ancestral Wuhan strain. We also validated a previously identified epitope from Wuhan that is absent in BA.1. These epitopes and tetramers will be invaluable tools for SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific CD4+T cell studies in mice.
Inositolphosphate glycans accumulate and suppress plant defense during Arabidopsis/Botrytis interaction
Authors: Lelas Luka , Rouffet Justine , Filachet Alexis , Sechet Julien , Akary Elodie , Desprez Thierry , Vernhettes Samantha , Voxeur Aline 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the presence and significance of previously undiscovered oligosaccharides that accumulate during the interaction betweenArabidopsis thalianaandBotrytis cinerea, a pathogenic fungus. Initially focused on characterizing cell wall-derived oligosaccharides, the research uncovered inositol phosphate glycans (IPGs) originating from plant sphingolipids, specifically glycosylinositol phosphorylceramides. Advanced chromatography, mass spectrometry techniques and molecular biology were employed to identify these IPGs, determine their origins, and study their role in theA. thaliana-B. cinereainteraction. Contrary to the conventional belief that oligosaccharides trigger plant defense, this research suggests thatB. cinereareleases IPGs identical to those generated by host plant to actually downregulate plant defense mechanisms. This discovery offers insight into the dynamic strategies used byB. cinereato evade plant defenses and establish successful infections.One-Sentence SummaryA plant pathogen releases products identical to those generated by host plant that aids in evasion of the plant defense.
Germ fate determinants protect germ precursor cell division by restricting septin and anillin levels at the division plane
Authors: Connors Caroline Q. , Mauro Michael S. , Tristian Wiles J. , Countryman Andrew D. , Martin Sophia L. , Lacroix Benjamin , Shirasu-Hiza Mimi , Dumont Julien , Kasza Karen E. , Davies Timothy R. , Canman Julie C. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryAnimal cell cytokinesis, or the physical division of one cell into two, is thought to be driven by constriction of an actomyosin contractile ring at the division plane. The mechanisms underlying cell type-specific differences in cytokinesis remain unknown. Germ cells are totipotent cells that pass genetic information to the next generation. Previously, usingformincyk-1(ts)mutantC. elegansembryos, we found that the P2 germ precursor cell is protected from cytokinesis failure and can divide without detectable F-actin at the division plane. Here, we identified two canonical germ fate determinants required for P2-specific cytokinetic protection: PIE-1 and POS-1. Neither has been implicated previously in cytokinesis. These germ fate determinants protect P2 cytokinesis by reducing the accumulation of septinUNC-59and anillinANI-1at the division plane, which here act as negative regulators of cytokinesis. These findings may provide insight into cytokinetic regulation in other cell types, especially in stem cells with high potency.
Targeted micro-fiber arrays for measuring and manipulating localized multi-scale neural dynamics over large, deep brain volumes during behavior
Authors: Vu Mai-Anh T. , Brown Eleanor H. , Wen Michelle J. , Noggle Christian A. , Zhang Zicheng , Monk Kevin J. , Bouabid Safa , Mroz Lydia , Graham Benjamin M. , Zhuo Yizhou , Li Yulong , Otchy Timothy M. , Tian Lin , Davison Ian G. , Boas David A. , Howe Mark W. 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYNeural population dynamics relevant for behavior vary over multiple spatial and temporal scales across 3-dimensional volumes. Current optical approaches lack the spatial coverage and resolution necessary to measure and manipulate naturally occurring patterns of large-scale, distributed dynamics within and across deep brain regions such as the striatum. We designed a new micro-fiber array and imaging approach capable of chronically measuring and optogenetically manipulating local dynamics across over 100 targeted locations simultaneously in head-fixed and freely moving mice. We developed a semi-automated micro-CT based strategy to precisely localize positions of each optical fiber. This highly-customizable approach enables investigation of multi-scale spatial and temporal patterns of cell-type and neurotransmitter specific signals over arbitrary 3-D volumes at a spatial resolution and coverage previously inaccessible. We applied this method to resolve rapid dopamine release dynamics across the striatum volume which revealed distinct, modality specific spatiotemporal patterns in response to salient sensory stimuli extending over millimeters of tissue. Targeted optogenetics through our fiber arrays enabled flexible control of neural signaling on multiple spatial scales, better matching endogenous signaling patterns, and spatial localization of behavioral function across large circuits.
N-Glycans on the extracellular domain of the Notch1 receptor control Jagged-1 induced Notch signalling and myogenic differentiation of S100β resident vascular stem cells
Authors: Corcoran Eoin , Olayinka Abidemi , di Luca Mariana , Gusti Yusof , Hakimjavadi Roya , O’Connor Brendan , Redmond Eileen M. , Cahill Paul A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNotch signalling, critical for development and postnatal homeostasis of the vascular system, is highly regulated by several mechanisms including glycosylation. While the importance of O-linked glycosylation is widely accepted, the structure and function of N-glycans has yet to be defined. Here, we take advantage of lectin binding assays in combination with pharmacological, molecular, and site-directed mutagenetic approaches to study N-glycosylation of the Notch1 receptor. We find that several key oligosaccharides containing bisecting or core fucosylated structures decorate the receptor, control expression and receptor trafficking, and dictate Jagged-1 activation of Notch target genes and myogenic differentiation of multipotent S100β vascular stem cells. N-glycans at asparagine (N) 1241 and 1587 protect the receptor from accelerated degradation, while the oligosaccharide at N888 directly affects signal transduction. Conversely, N-linked glycans at N959, N1179, N1489 do not impact canonical signalling but inhibit differentiation. Our work highlights a novel functional role for N-glycans in controlling Notch1 signalling and differentiation of vascular stem cells.TeaserA sweet development in Notch regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation
Comparing neural models using their perceptual discriminability predictions
Authors: Zhou Jing Yang , Chun Chanwoo , Subramanian Ajay , Simoncelli Eero P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInternal representations are not uniquely identifiable from perceptual measurements: different representations can generate identical perceptual predictions, and similar representations may predict dissimilar percepts. Here, we generalize a previous method (“Eigendistortions” – Berardino et al., 2017) to enable comparison of models based on their metric tensors, which can be verified perceptually. Metric tensors characterize sensitivity to stimulus perturbations, reflecting both the geometric and stochastic properties of the representation, and providing an explicit prediction of perceptual discriminability. Brute force comparison of model-predicted metric tensors would require estimation of human perceptual thresholds along an infeasibly large set of stimulus directions. To circumvent this “perceptual curse of dimensionality”, we compute and measure discrimination capabilities for a small set of most-informative perturbations, reducing the measurement cost from thousands of hours (a conservative estimate) to a single trial. We show that this single measurement, made for a variety of different test stimuli, is sufficient to differentiate models, select models that better match human perception, or generate new models that combine the advantages of existing models. We demonstrate the power of this method in comparison of (1) two models for trichromatic color representation, with differing internal noise; and (2) two autoencoders trained with different regularizers.