bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gemeinsam mehr erreichen
Authors: Pintarelli-Rauschenbach Manuela 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungKurz vor Redaktionsschluss erreicht uns noch diese erfreuliche Nachricht: Nach langen und zähen
Auseinandersetzungen hat der VPT, gemeinsam mit den anderen Berufsverbänden, eine Vergütungserhöhung von
+ 6,44 Prozent mit den Kostenträgern verhandelt. Ein wirklich toller Erfolg und eine gute Basis für
die nächsten Verhandlungsrunden, die sich selbstverständlich anschließen werden (► Seite 15).
Hydrotherapie bei nicht organischen Schlafstörungen: eine randomisierte, 3-armige
interventionelle Studie
Authors: Eggensberger Andreas , Jüster Markus , Schumann Christian 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungNicht organische Schlafstörungen können als Symptom psychischer Erkrankungen auftreten und werden basierend
auf den subjektiv dominanten Symptomen in nicht organische Insomnie oder Hypersomnie, Störung des
Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus, Schlafwandeln, Pavor nocturnus, Albträume und andere nicht organische Schlafstörungen
klassifiziert 1. Eine mögliche Ursache der Insomnie könnte eine erhöhte
Aktivität des Sympathikus sein 2.
Corporate governance transfers: the case of mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Hussain Tanveer , Tunyi Abongeh A. , Agyemang Jacob 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe study changes in corporate governance around mergers and acquisitions by comparing the ex-post corporate governance of the combined firm with the ex-ante weighted average governance of the bidder and target. We find that when the quality of the bidder governance is better than the target before the acquisition, the ex-post corporate governance quality of the combined firm is better than the ex-ante weighted average of each firm. We document post-acquisition improvement in the combined firm’s board independence, audit committee independence, stock compensation, and minority shareholders protection, proposing that these firm-level attributes serve as potential channels to explain better corporate governance quality of the combined firm. The operating performance of the combined firm also improves when the bidder’s pre-deal governance quality is better than the target. Our results support the portability theory of corporate governance, suggesting that poorly governed targets are better off if acquired by better-governed bidders.
Effects of soil and foliar applications of iron with or without nitrogen on production and nutritional quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)
Authors: Poblaciones Maria J. , García-Latorre Carlos , Martinez Manuel , Velazquez Rocio 
Published: December 2023

Context Iron (Fe) is an essential nutrient; however, it is deficient in the diets of millions of people globally, resulting in anaemia. Agronomic biofortification has been shown to be effective in alleviating Fe deficiency. Aims We evaluated the efficacy of soil and foliar applications of Fe with or without nitrogen (N) on floret and plant yield, and nutritional properties of broccoli (cv. Parthenon), in order to assess biofortification potential. Methods A greenhouse experiment comprised seven treatments: (1) control, no Fe or N application; (2) soil application of Fe (10 mg FeSO4.7H2O/kg before transplanting); (3) soil application of Fe + foliar application of N (0.4% (w/v) calcium ammonium nitrate at floret emergence); (4) foliar application of Fe (0.5% (w/v) FeSO4.7H2O at floret emergence); (5) foliar applications of Fe and N; (6) soil + foliar applications of Fe; (7) soil application of Fe + foliar applications of Fe and N. Key results Foliar Fe application with N and/or with soil Fe significantly increased commercial floret weight relative to the control (>62.5 vs 46 g), whereas treatments without foliar Fe (i.e. soil Fe alone or with N) did not differ from the control. Similarly, treatments with foliar Fe generally significantly increased floret diameter, whereas those without foliar Fe did not. Treatments with foliar Fe significantly increased floret Fe concentration (>10-fold), resulting in highly available Fe, with phytic acid:Fe molar ratios <0.2, and higher antioxidant activity and polyphenol content. Conclusions Foliar application of Fe, especially in combination with N, is the most efficient and effective application method, not only for biofortification purposes but also for productivity and for enhancing bioactive compounds in broccoli. Implications This study opens the door to implementation of effective and economically viable Fe biofortification programs with broccoli and other crops.
The Impact of Bias Row Noise to Photometric Accuracy: Case Study Based on a Scientific CMOS Detector
Authors: Shao Li , Zhan Hu , Liu Chao , Chi Haonan , Luo Qiuyan , Mu Huaipu , Shi Wenzhong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We tested a new model of CMOS detector manufactured by the Gpixel Inc, for potential space astronomical application. In laboratory, we obtain some bias images under the typical application environment. In these bias images, clear random row noise pattern is observed. The row noise also contains some characteristic spatial frequencies. We quantitatively estimated the impact of this feature to photometric measurements, by making simulated images. We compared different bias noise types under strict parameter control. The result shows the row noise will significantly deteriorate the photometric accuracy. It effectively increases the readout noise by a factor of 2–10. However, if it is properly removed, the image quality and photometric accuracy will be significantly improved.
Sublethal Effects of Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Imidacloprid, and Indoxacarb on Some of the Behavioral and Physiological Patterns of German Cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)
Authors: Rajab A M , Moravvej G , Asoodeh A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), is a common household pets and a serious global public health risk. This study aimed to investigate the sublethal effects of lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and indoxacarb on aggregation behavior, sexual communication, feeding efficiency, bodyweight, and nutritional indices of B. germanica. However, the study showed that the LD10 and LD25 doses of these insecticides impaired aggregation behavior and sexual communication of B. germanica; In addition, the data analyses of Excess Proportion Index (EPI), indicated that the aggregation response and sexual communication of adult cockroaches were decreased due to its exposure to LD10 and LD25 compared to the control treatment (LD0). Although the cockroaches’ food intake increased, their bodyweight decreased after being exposed to LD10 and LD25 compared with the control treatment. Moreover, a negative impact of LD10 and LD25 was observed on some nutritional indices e.g. approximate digestibility (AD), relative growth rate (RGR), and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD). On the other hand, the LD10 and LD25 have positively affected on other nutritional indices, including efficient conversion of ingested food (ECI) and relative consumption rate (RCR) when compared with control group. This study showed that the sublethal effects of lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and indoxacarb employed to control insect pests widely, have considerable effects on the insect’s behavioral and physiological patterns.
Estimation of secondary compounds content of some citrus leaves and their relationship by dietary preference for yellow scale insect Aonidiella. Orientalis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)
Authors: AlShammary N S , Omran A M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The yellow scale insect Aonidiella orientalis is an important pest of citrus trees as it absorbs sap from leaves and fruits, causing leaves to turn yellow and deform fruits and drop them. The results of study showed nutritional preference of the insect over some of studied citrus species, as sour orange was the most preferred, followed by lemon and grapefruit, mandarin and oranges were least preferred, with a rate of 22.3, 13.3, 11.7, 10.8, 3.9, and insect / 2 inch2, respectively. while results showed a difference in the content of citrus leaves from the secondary compounds, with highest concentration of phenols and total flavonoids in orange leaves compared to the lowest concentration in grapefruit, the highest concentration of alkaloids was in sour orange compared to the lowest concentration in lemons. highest concentration of total terpenes was in lemon and the lowest concentration was in orange, as for concentration of Lemonic acid, the highest concentration was in lemon leaves, and the lowest was in grapefruit, sour orange, mandarin and orange, respectively. The results also showed that Ascorbic acid in citrus gave the highest concentration in sour orange leaves, and the lowest was in lemon, grapefruit, mandarin and orange, respectively.
Induction of Resistance in Mandarin Fruits Against Penicillium digitatum, the Causative Agent of Green Mold Infection
Authors: AbdulKarem R R , Aljarah N S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad during 2021-2022. This work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Sodium Bicarbonate(SB) and Phylex to protect and induce mandarin fruits’ resistance against the green mold pathogen, Penicillium digitatum at 4ºCstorage conditions. The molecular diagnosis by PCR technology using the primers ITS1 and ITS4, confirmed the identification of P. digitatum. The genetic tree showed that the two Iraqi isolates(K1andK2) were belonging to one group, matched by 98% with the universal isolates registered in the GenBank of China (MZ8819 and MT448740.1) and Portugal(OK0949001). The best treatment method was when the wounded fruits were immersed in Phylex at 4ml/ liter for an hour, then inoculated with a drop of fungal spore’s suspension (103 spores.ml-1). In this treatment, no fungal infection was observed on the fruits after 42days compared to the Inoculation with P.digitatum(15.27%) under refrigerated condition(4ºC). The highest rate of peroxidase (POX) and Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity was reported 194.22, unite (estimated based on the changes of spectrophotometer OD / minute / gram fresh weight) and 26.33 µg cinnamic acid / hour / gram fresh weight respectively. The above results indicated that the Phylex was more efficient to induce fruit’s resistance against P.
Chlorophyll Content Variation in Wheat Genotypes Planted in Semi-Arid Region
Authors: Hashem L F , Al-Issawi M H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To achieve better productivity and fill the shortage caused by population increase and decrease of current wheat genotypes productivity. As a part of many studies, this study came to distinguish 21 wheat genotypes about their chlorophyll content in comparison with 3 local varieties eventually electing the superior genotypes in chlorophyll content and associated with high yield which are suitable for arid and semi-arid areas. Functioning chlorophyll enables crops to maintain photosynthesis capacity for a longer time after anthesis under the condition of water and heat stresses and this leads to longer grain filling periods and eventually higher yield. All wheat genotypes (24 genotypes) were planted according to RCBD in a research station of the College of Agriculture/ University of Anbar, western IRAQ. The findings of this study indicated genotypes with high yield and have considerable chlorophyll content, especially after flowering including “4, 6, 7, 9, 29, 31, 39, 41” and therefore can be nominated for plant breeding programs. In addition, those genotypes can be used for production in the region of western Iraq. Further studies and investigations are required to reach considerable stability in those genotypes.
Effect of Planting Date and Spraying of Kinetin on some Growth and Flowering Characteristics of Fennel (foeniculum vulgar mill)
Authors: Hashim Y R , Mheidi U H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2021-2022 in Fallujah - Anbar Governorate located at 43 east longitude and 33 north latitude, in order to study the effect of three planting dates (15/11, 1/12 and 15/12) and three concentratin of kinetin (0, 75 and 150 mgl−1) on some growth and flowering characteristics of Fennel. were studied according to the split plot design according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) and with three Replications, sowing dates occupied the main plot, while the concentrations of kinetin occupied the secondary plot. The results showed that there was a significant effect of planting dates, where the second date (1/12) was superior to giving it the highest average of plant height, number of branches per plant, leaf chlorophyll content, plant dry weight, and number of primary and secondary inflorescences per plant. Also, spraying with cyanine at a high concentration of 150 mg L−1 improved the characteristics of vegetative growth (plant height, number of branches per plant, leaf content of chlorophyll, dry weight of the plant) and flowering characteristics (primary and secondary inflorescences). The interaction between the study factors was the behavior of the individual factors in their effect on most of the studied traits, where the positive effect was in the interaction treatment between the second date and the concentration of 150 mg L−1 by giving it the highest average number of main inflorescences in the plant (96.01 inflorescences−1).
Controlling Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Fertility with Bio-Nutrition
Authors: Ai-Saadi M I H , Al-Hilfy I H H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To investigate the effects of certain plant extracts and seaweed on the yield and quality of three sunflower cultivars, as well as their fertility rate. A field experiment was carried out in the Al-Yousifiyah region - Al-Rasheed district, during the spring season of 2022, in one of the fields dominated by the Dabbana Modern Agricultural Equipment factors. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was utilized in a split-plot with three replications. The main plots included five nutrition treatments (spraying BMstart biostimulants, spraying Alga600 seaweed extract, adding Seek (bamboo plant residue), and spraying Moringa leaf extract, with water as the control treatment), and the sub – plot included three cultivars (Lilo, Ishaqi-2, and Flamy). The results demonstrated the superiority of Alga600 seaweed extract with a weight of 1000 seeds (103.78 g) and the number of seeds per head (2162.73 seeds head−1). Whereas the Moringa leaf extract was superior in terms of head diameter (28.48 cm), fertility rate (96.410%), seed yield (4.980 tons h−1) and oil percentage (45.61%). The Ishaqi-2 cultivar exhibited the highest seed production (5.222 tons h−1), however the Flamy cultivar revealed the highest fertility (96.63%) and oil percentage (43.20%), consequently. we advocate planting the Ishaqi-2 cultivar and implementing moringa leaf extract to boost output by 17%.
Effect of Spraying Brassinolide on the Growth and Yield of Varieties Triticum Aestivum L
Authors: Kanoosh O A , Jaber M , Salih M A , Azzam M R , Mahameed S S , Sabed M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted during the season 2020-2021 in the Ramadi city western Iraq. In order to know the effect of Brassinolide on the growth characteristics and yield of three varieties of wheat (Abu-Ghreib, IPA-99 and Bhooth 10). A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) arranged according to split-plots used with three replicates and 36 experimental units, four concentrations of Brassinolide (0, 2, 4, 6 mg L−1) were used in Main-plots (B0, B1, B2, B3) respectively, which was sprayed when flowering started. While three varieties of wheat (Abu-Ghreib, IPA-99 and Bhooth-10) were used in sub-plots (V1, V2, V3) respectively. The Concentration B3, variety V3, and the overlap B2×V3 gave the highest rates of grain yield, as it reached (9.95, 9.96 and 12.97 t.ha−1) respectively. As for the weight of 1000 grain no significant differences were shown among the concentrations of Brassinolide, while the variety V3 was significantly superior (35.23 g), there were no significant differences between the two study factors. Superiority of concentration B3, the variety V2 and the overlap B3×V2 by giving the highest mean for the trait of the number of grains per spike (56.70, 50.68 and 65.33 grain.spike−1) respectively. Superiority the concentration B3 and variety V3 by giving the highest mean the number of spikes per square meter (707.56 and 703.45 spike.m2) respectively, no significant differences appeared between the two factors of the study.
Topographical and Hydrological Investigations for the Design of a Drainage Network the Fields of the College of Agriculture are a Model
Authors: Frhan W S , Hazeem A M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In order In order to study the changes that occur in groundwater, the degree of its salinity, the percentage of sodium adsorption, and the total amount of dissolved salts in the samples taken from 35 wells within the study area before starting the drainage operations procedures and comparing them with what happens after the drainage operations begin. An area of 300,000 square meters was selected within the southern fields of the College of Agriculture In the University of Anbar, which is already suffering from the problem of the rise in the ground water level due to the presence of a water source that is considered as a source of nourishment for the ground water within the fields of the college. The results showed that there was a discrepancy in the depths of the groundwater, as the groundwater level decreased to 120 cm after the start of the drainage works, while its level was 87 cm before the drainage as an average for the months of the test selected. The degree of salinity of the ground water followed the same behavior, as a decrease was observed in the degree of salinity of the ground water for the studied samples after conducting the drainage operations compared to its values before the drainage operations, as it reached its lowest value (3.8, 3.12) dS / m after starting the drainage operations, while its values were (5.8, 5.87) dS/m before drainage operations and for the summer and winter seasons, respectively.
Effect of Interval and Depth Irrigation on Water Use Efficiency, Cucumber Productivity under Green House Conditions and Drip Irrigation
Authors: Al-Mehmdy S M H , Fal-Issawi A T 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of intervals and depths irrigation on water use efficiency and productivity of Cucumber under drip irrigation system. It was carried out during fall season 2021 in Al-Saqlawia, far about 45km southeast of Al-Ramadi, located at longitude 33° 24’ 57’' E and latitude 33° 24’ 57’' N. The experiment included two factors; the first is irrigation interval (I) which included two-days interval (I2) and four-days interval (I4). While the second one is irrigation depth which included 100% water depth and 50% water depth. The drip irrigation system was evaluated at operational pressure 50 kPa (0.5 bar) in order to determine the closest actual discharge to the design discharge, and calculating the uniformity coefficient and discharge variance. The results showed that 50kPa operational pressure gave an actual discharge of 3.94 Lh−1, which was the closest to the design discharge 4Lh−1, highest uniformity coefficient of 96.61% and lowest variance of 9.58%. While the highest yield achieved was 108 and 80-ton ha−1 at water depth (d50) for two irrigation interval 2 and 4 days compared to the lowest yield of 50 and 70-ton ha−1 at water depth (d100) for the same irrigation interval, respectively. While the highest water use efficiencies achieved was 20.9 and 15.48 kg m−3 at depth (d50) for 2-day and 4-day intervals, respectively. Finally, the best value for crop water consumptive use was obtained under drip irrigation system of 51.6 cm season−1.
The Influence of Industrial Residues of Phosphate Fertilizers Complexes on Content of Phosphor, Cadmium and Lead in Soil and Water
Authors: Salim S A , Alalwany A A M , Tawfeeq G H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was carried out in Al-Qaim region near by the factory of fertilizer about 420 km west of Baghdad. Samples of soils were taken by depths of (0-0.20), (0.20-0.40) and (0.40-0.60) m with three directions (N north, S south, E east) according to the direction of annuity wind. Soil samples were taken at three distances from the factory (500, 1000, and
1500) m. Samples of water were taken from three sources; wells, acidic and alkaline water from the factory. The aim of this paper was to study the influence of residue of phosphate fertilizer factory in content of Phosphor, Cadmium and Lead of soil and water. The results showed that the highest values of available phosphorus were 956.80 and 528.46 mg l-1 for distances 1500 and 1000 m, at depths of 0.4-0.6 m in the N1 directions as well as for N1 and S1 directions at the depth of 0-0.2. The highest total cadmium content was 4 mg l-1 for 500 m distance with the N1 direction at depth of 0-0.2m respectively. available cadmium was found in small quantity and consider negligible. The available lead was 83 and 0.45 mg l-1, for 1000 and 500 m distances in the direction of N1 for the depths of 0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4m respectively.
Point Pedotransfer Functions (PPTF) for Estimating Soil Water Retention Curve by Multiple Linear Regression Methods
Authors: Mohammed Z M , Salim S B 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to derive and find the best Point Pedotransfer Functions (PPTF) for estimating SWRC for Iraqi soils using the multiple regression methods. Soil samples were collected from 30 different sites of Iraqi soil at two depths: 0-0.3 m and 0.3-0.6 m, in order to obtain the required database for the derivation of PTF, which includes the soil particle size distribution, carbonate minerals, bulk density, particles density, organic matter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, capillary height and the boundaries of available water. Measured characteristics were considered as explanatory variables (EV). Volumetric water content was measured at suctions 0, -5, -10, -33, -500, -100, -500, -1000, and -1500 kPa and considered as response variables (RV). PPTF was derived using SAS statistical software based on multiple linear regression. Three methods for fitting the PPTF to EV were Maximum R2 Improvement (MR), Backward Elimination (BW) and Forward selection (FW). The prediction accuracy was evaluated through Mean Bias Error (MBE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE) and Coefficient Of Determination (R2). The results showed that all EVs were included in the PPFT derivation by MR method, while in the BW and FW methods the significant level of entery (SLENTRY) of EV was 0.1. It was also found that variables w1, capillary height, available water, bulk density, and porosity were included in the derivation of most of the models using the BW and FW method. Besides no statistically significant differences were found among the values of MBE, MAE, RMSE, and R2 of the PPTF although the number of selected EV are different.