bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochar–manure impacts wheat and canola grain productivity, dry matter partitioning, and protein content in western Canada
Authors: Weber Tien , Hernandez Ramirez Guillermo , Quideau Sylvie , MacKenzie M. Derek 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAmending soil with manure from cattle fed biochar (BC) (biochar–manure [BM]) is a potential best management practice to improve plant nutrition in the circular economy. Yet, information concerning the agronomic performance of BM under temperate field conditions is scarce. A 2‐year study on a Gray Luvisol was conducted to determine the effect of BM on the crop growth of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), followed by canola (Brassica napus L.), soil fertility, and microbial function. Treatments included (i) no amendments (control), (ii) BC at 5 and 10 Mg·ha−1 (BC5 and BC10), (iii) regular stockpiled manure (RM) at 100 kg total N·ha−1, (iv) stockpiled BM at 100 kg total N·ha−1, and (v) BC and RM (BC+RM) or BC and BM (BC+BM) at the aforementioned rates. During the wheat growing season in 2020, which had high precipitation, grain yield was 2.4 times greater in BM+BC10 than in BM alone (1416 vs. 579 kg·ha−1, p < 0.001), highlighting synergistic effects of BM together with BC application on agronomic performance. Conversely, lower precipitation and warmer temperatures in the canola growing season in 2021 hampered any statistical differences among treatments. While soil microbial biomass did not change by the end of the experiment, shifts toward amino acid utilization with BC additions in both crops potentially influenced crop growth and nitrogen‐use efficiency. In summary, BM+BC at 10 Mg·ha−1 performed best in this study during the first cropping season under cold and rainy conditions.
Formal Synthesis of (+)‐Phomactin A via a Prins/Conia‐ene Cascade and γ‐Hydroxylation Strategy
Authors: Sun Lantian , Huang Junrong , Wang Bo , Du Guangyan , Lee Chi‐Sing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn asymmetric formal synthesis of (+)‐phomactin A has been accomplished. The key steps in the synthetic strategy included establishing the AB ring system in one‐pot via Prins/Conia‐ene cascade cyclization reaction and the C ring formation via γ‐hydroxylation of enone in the late‐stage of the synthesis. The two major fragments are readily prepared from (+)‐pulegone and geraniol via a modified Eschenmoser–Tanabe fragmentation strategy in 6 steps and a Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation/hydrozirconation/ Roskamp reaction sequence in 11 steps respectively.
Ion Resource Recovery via Electrodialysis Fabricated with Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone)‐Based Anion Exchange Membrane in Organic Solvent System
Authors: Xu Jingwen , Mu Junjie , Yao Yuyang , Xu Yanqing , Liao Junbin , Ruan Huimin , Shen Jiangnan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIon resource recovery from organic wastewater is beneficial for achieving emission peaks and carbon neutrality targets. Advanced organic solvent‐resistant anion exchange membranes (AEMs) for treating organic wastewater via electrodialysis (ED) are of significant interest. Herein, a kind of 3D network AEM based on poly(arylene ether sulfone) cross‐linked with a flexible cross‐linker (DBH) for ion resource recovery via ED in organic solvent system is reported. Investigations demonstrate that the as‐prepared AEMs show excellent dimensional stability in 60% DMSO (aq.), 60% ethanol (aq.), and 60% acetone (aq.), respectively. For example, the optimized AEM shows very low swelling ratios of 1.04–1.10% in the organic solvents. ED desalination ratio can reach 99.1% after exposure of the AEM to organic solvents for 30 days, and remain > 99% in a mixture solution containing organic solvents and 0.5 m NaCl. Additionally, at a current density of 2.5 mA cm−2, the optimized AEM soaked in organic solvents for 30 days shows a high perm‐selectivity (Cl−/SO42−) of 133.09 (vs 13.11, Neosepta ACS). The superior ED performance is attributed to the stable continuous sub‐nanochannels within AEM confirmed by SAXS, rotational energy barriers, etc. This work shows the potential application of cross‐linked AEMs for resource recovery in organic wastewater.
One‐droplet saliva detection on photonic crystal‐based competitive immunoassay for precise diagnosis of migraine
Authors: Lin Xiaoxue , Chi Jimei , Lian Zewei , Yun Yang , Yang Xu , He Xuwei , Liu Zheng , Wang Shuqing , Zhao Wei , Gong Zihua , Liu Yingyuan , Zhang Shuhua , Zhai Deqi , Xie Siyuan , Sun Yin , Su Meng , Dong Zhao , Yu Shengyuan , Song Yanlin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMigraine exhibits a substantial prevalence worldwide. The current diagnostic criteria rests exclusively on clinical characteristics without any objective and reliable means. The calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), as a biomarker for distinguishing migraine, undergoes swift degradation, featuring a half‐life of under 10 min, which poses a significant challenge to the point‐of‐care testing of CGRP in clinical application. Here, a photonic crystal (PC)‐based biochip has been developed to detect CGRP via the fluorescence competition assay. The chip integrates the functionalities of fluorescence enhancement and hydrophilic–hydrophobic patterning enrichment, enabling rapid and sensitive detection of CGRP. After investigating the optimal enhancement distance of fluorescence near PCs, the chip allows CGRP detection using <30 μL of saliva at room temperature within 10 min. A minimum detection limit of 0.05 pg/mL is achieved. Furthermore, CGRP concentrations in the saliva of 70 subjects have been tested by PC biochips. The results exhibit strong concordance with the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), demonstrating a linear correlation coefficient of R2 of 0.97. This sensitive detection of markers within such a short duration surpasses the capacities of ELISA, which paves the way for establishing a precise diagnostic framework integrating clinical phenotypes and biomarkers for migraine.
Research on Multi‐Algorithm Switching Hybrid Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Special Vehicles
Authors: Wu Zhiheng , Liu Aimin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the smoothness of the electric special vehicle (ESV) under each operational condition, a multi‐algorithm switching hybrid control (MASHC) algorithm is proposed for the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) of ESV. For a steady–state operation state, the transfer function structure of the motor control system is optimized, avoiding its output variables from varying with the integral and differential changes of the input quantity to enhance the stability and response speed of the control system. For transient operation states, it is considered to avoid the torque ripple that can be generated due to the increased computational effort of introducing an intelligent algorithm. The fuzzy proportional (FP) control algorithm that can replicate the transient performance of the fuzzy control algorithm is designed to improve the control accuracy of the control system. In addition, a switching function is designed to blend the two algorithms to improve the overall vehicle operation performance. To verify the effectiveness of the control algorithm, a simulation model and an experimental platform are developed. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control algorithm has the advantages of no overshoot and oscillation in output, which can improve the smoothness of the ESV drive system. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Visualizing reactive astrocytes: Positron emission tomography imaging ligands for imidazoline‐2 binding sites
Authors: Li Wanqing , Qiao Yuqing , Chen Jiahui , Li Yinlong , Du Xiaoyu , Liang Steven H. , Fu Hualong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImidazoline‐2 binding sites (I2BS) exhibit specific expression in reactive astrocytes of the brain and are implicated in various pathophysiological processes, including analgesia, inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and glial tumors. However, the lack of available protein structural data poses a challenge in the exploration of I2BS functions and pharmacological characterizations, indicating the need for the discovery of selective ligands. As a non‐invasive and translational molecular imaging tool, positron emission tomography (PET) has found wide application in clinical diagnosis and drug discovery. Consequently, several PET ligands have been developed to “visualize” I2BS in the living brain, thereby elucidating the biological implications of I2BS and facilitating I2BS‐directed drug development. This review offers a comprehensive update on I2BS PET ligands, with a focus on their chemotypes and PET imaging outcomes. Furthermore, the review provides a summary of recent I2BS drug discoveries, which could serve as a catalyst for the development of more potent PET ligands.
Talking with Patients and the Public About Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals
Authors: Giudice Linda C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTalking with patients and the public about endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can be challenging for healthcare providers if they themselves are not well versed with the topic. Scientific and clinical evidence about environmental impacts on reproductive health have escalated exponentially over the past two decades, and this field can no longer be ignored or denied, as the consequences are significant, and many are preventable. EDCs are found in industrial- and e-waste, plastics, pesticides, preservatives, bedding, personal care products, household dust, diesel exhaust, air pollution, and humans and wildlife. They disrupt endocrine processes in the developing fetus, neonates, children, adolescents, and adults. These effects, along with lax toxicity regulations, make a compelling case for healthcare providers to understand the issues for appropriate counseling of patients and the public. Moreover, clinicians can also effectively advocate for change at governmental levels, complementing individual attempts to minimize personal risk. This chapter reviews recent advances enabling healthcare professionals in practice and in training to take an environmental history and talk with patients, the public, and policy makers about EDCs and resources to protect the reproductive health of this and future generations.
Cellular Mechanisms of Endocrine Disruption
Authors: Rizzo Roberta , Bortolotti Daria , Rizzo Sabrina , Schiuma Giovanna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith industrialization, the production of chemicals and their introduction into the environment have increased massively. These new agents included many chemical classes and comprise an integral part of the world economy and commerce [1]. Nevertheless, several of the chemicals used today are called endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs).
Endocrine Disruption in the Male
Authors: Garolla Andrea , Di Nisio Andrea , De Toni Luca , Ferlin Alberto , Foresta Carlo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMany andrological pathologies seen in adults, including infertility, actually arose in younger age, due to the strong susceptibility and vulnerability of male gonads to external insults, starting from gestation age and during all growth phases. Three main phases are particularly susceptible for subsequent normal testis development and function: the intrauterine phase, the neonatal phase comprising the so called “minipuberty” and puberty. However, even during infancy, damaging causes with permanent effects on testicular function can occur. Among risk factors for alterations of sexual and reproductive organs and function, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have gained particular attention in last decades, given their ability to disrupt them at different levels and at different ages, with long-term consequences and possibly also transgenerational effects. Bisphenol, phthalates, perfluoroalkyl substances, heavy metals and dioxins are particularly intriguing, given the strong experimental evidence of effects on hormone nuclear receptors, hypothalamus–pituitary–testis axis and direct action on spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. Although epidemiological studies in humans have shown controversial and inconsistent results, the overall conclusion points towards a positive association between exposure to EDCs and alteration of the reproductive system.
Organization and Inheritance in Twenty-First-Century Evolutionary Biology
Authors: Pontarotti Gaëlle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuring the last few years, various authors have called for the elaboration of a theoretical framework that would better take into account the role of organisms in evolutionary dynamics. In this paper, I argue that an organism-centered evolutionary theory, which implies the rehabilitation of an organizational thinking in evolutionary biology and should be associated with what I will call a heuristic of collaboration, may be completed by an organizational perspective of biological inheritance. I sketch this organizational perspective – which allows going beyond gene-centrism –, show how it grounds a systemic concept of heritable variation suited to the new evolutionary framework, and highlight some of its explanatory value and theoretical implications for evolutionary thinking.
From the Organizational Theory of Ecological Functions to a New Notion of Sustainability
Authors: El-Hani Charbel N. , de Lima Felipe Rebelo Gomes , Nunes-Neto Nei de Freitas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we will address criticisms to the theory of ecological functions introduced by Nunes-Neto et al. (2014). In doing so, we intend to further develop the theory, as a possible basis for naturalizing the teleological and normative dimensions of ecological functions. We will also take the first steps in the construction of an integrated scientific and ethical approach to sustainability that is intended to avoid an anthropocentric perspective.
Does Organicism Really Need Organization?
Authors: Sartenaer Olivier 
Published: November 2023

Abstract The main purpose of the present chapter is to argue in favor of the claim that, contrary to what is usually and tacitly assumed, organization is not necessary for organicism. To this purpose, I first set up the stage by providing a working characterization of organicism that involves two free parameters, whose variations allow for covering the rich and diverse conceptual landscape of organicism, past and present. In particular, I contend that organization is usually construed as a “mean to an end” notion, or as a tool put at the service of vindicating organicism’s twofold defining assumption, namely, that organisms are determinative entities in their own right, to the effect that (organismic) biology is epistemologically autonomous from physico-chemistry. After a short detour devoted to show that organicism generally collapses on a spectrum of variants of emergentism, I take inspiration from a recent account of emergence called “transformational emergence” to put forward a transformational version of organicism. For such a version meets organicism’s defining standards in a way that is free of any commitment to organization, arguing for its very conceptual soundness finally allows for legitimizing the claim that organicism doesn’t really need organization.
Organisms: Between a Kantian Approach and a Liberal Approach
Authors: Huneman Philippe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe concept of “organism” has been central to modern biology, with its definition and philosophical implications evolving since the nineteenth century. In contemporary biology, the divide between developmental and physiological approaches and evolutionary approaches has influenced the definition of organism. The convergence between molecular biology and evolutionary biology has led to the term “suborganismal biology,” while the return to the organism has been characterized by animal behavior studies and Evo-devo. The philosophical approach to the concept of individual is divided between a Kantian understanding of organism, which defines necessary and sufficient conditions for any X to be a “natural purpose,” and an evolutionary approach, which considers what a biological individual is and confers natural selection a key role in this definition. While the former aims to find necessary and sufficient conditions for an organism, the latter thinks in terms of conceptual spaces, being much more liberal in pointing out organisms in the world. The paper examines possible connections between these two approaches and assesses the prospects of a reconciliation between them.
Functional performance tests, clinical measurements, and patient‐reported outcome measures do not correlate as outcomes 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Al‐Gburi Mustafa , Kristiansen Jakob Bredahl , Christensen Karl Bang , Krogsgaard Michael Rindom 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeThe results after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are evaluated by laxity measures, functional tests, and patients’ perception by patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs). It is not known, if one of these evaluation instruments is representative or if outcome scores from all must be reported to obtain a full evaluation of the condition. The aim was to study the correlations between these three types of outcomes 1 year after primary ACLR.MethodAll adult patients (range 18–45 years) who had an ACLR between 1.1.2019 and 31.12.2021 were offered 1‐year follow‐up by an independent observer. Preoperative information about knee laxity and peroperative information about the condition of menisci and cartilage were registered. At 1‐year follow‐up clinical and instrumented knee stability and function assessed by four different hop tests were registered. Patients completed four PROMs (the Subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, the Knee Numeric‐Entity Evaluation Score (KNEES‐ACL), the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the Lysholm score) and Tegner activity scale and answered anchor questions regarding satisfaction and willingness to repeat the operation.ResultsA total of 190 adults attended the 1‐year follow‐up and 151 had all assessments. There were only a few positive and weak correlations between performance tests and PROMS and between clinical measurements and PROMS (r = 0.00–0.38), and the majority were of negligible strength. Tegner score had in general the highest correlation (low to moderate). The highest correlation was 0.53 (moderate) between the anchor question about patient satisfaction and Lysholm/IKDC scores. There was no difference in the correlations depending on meniscal condition.ConclusionsIn ACLR patients there was no clinically relevant correlation between scores obtained by PROMs, a battery of functional performance tests and instrumented laxity of the knee at 1‐year follow‐up. Therefore, one type of outcome cannot represent the others. This is an argument for always to include and report all three types of outcomes, and conclusions based on one type of outcome may not be sufficient.Level of evidenceII.
No difference in return to play rates between different elite sports after primary autograft ACL reconstruction
Authors: Jones Mary , Hugo Pinheiro Vitor , Balendra Ganesh , Borque Kyle , Williams Andy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate return to play (RTP) rates, the level of RTP and time taken to RTP in different sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL‐R) and compare the differences between football and rugby. The secondary aims were to compare the differences in intra articular injuries and their treatments and reoperation rates between these sports.MethodsA retrospective review of a consecutive series of all primary ACL‐R undertaken by the senior author between 2005 and 2019 was undertaken. Patients were included if they were elite athletes and were a minimum of 2 year post‐primary autograft ACL‐R. The outcomes measured were RTP (defined as participation in a professional match or in national/international‐level competition in amateur sports), time to RTP after surgery and RTP level (Tegner score).ResultsThree hundred and ninety‐four elite athletes, with 420 ACL‐Rs were included. 235 (55.9%) were in footballers and 125 (29.8%) were in rugby players. 399 (95.0%) of all elite athletes returned to competition at an average of 10.3 months after ACL‐R. 386 (90.2% played at the same or higher level post‐surgery. Although there was no difference in RTP rates between different sports, rugby players RTP significantly faster than footballers (9.6 vs 10.6 months, (p = 0.027). Footballers were more likely to rupture their ACL during jumping/landing manoeuvres and to receive a PT graft than rugby players. There were no other significant differences between football and rugby players regarding patient characteristics, intraoperative findings, re‐rupture and re‐operation rates.ConclusionsOver 95% of all elite athletes RTP after primary ACL‐R with 90% able to play at the same level. Rugby players RTP significantly faster than footballers.Level of evienceLevel IV.
Free Boundary Minimal Annuli Immersed in the Unit Ball
Authors: Fernández Isabel , Hauswirth Laurent , Mira Pablo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe construct a family of compact free boundary minimal annuli immersed in the unit ball $$\mathbb {B}^3$$

B

3

of $$\mathbb {R}^3$$

R

3

, the first such examples other than the critical catenoid. This solves a problem formulated by Nitsche in 1985. These annuli are symmetric with respect to two orthogonal planes and a finite group of rotations around an axis, and are foliated by spherical curvature lines. We show that the only free boundary minimal annulus embedded in $$\mathbb {B}^3$$

B

3

foliated by spherical curvature lines is the critical catenoid; in particular, the minimal annuli that we construct are not embedded. On the other hand, we also construct families of non-rotational compact embedded capillary minimal annuli in $$\mathbb {B}^3$$

B

3

. Their existence solves in the negative a problem proposed by Wente in 1995.