bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between family structure and process variables and adolescent decision making
Authors: Brown Jacob E. , Mann Leon 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between family structural and process variables and adolescent participation in family decisions and vigilant decision making. Data were obtained from a survey sample of 585 adolescents aged 12–18 years living in Adelaide, South Australia. Adolescents from one‐parent families participated in a greater number of family decisions than those from two‐parent families. Adolescents from families adaptable in allocating roles and setting rules participated in more family decisions than those from low adaptable families. Family socio‐economic status was significantly linked to the adolescent's self reported vigilance. High family cohesion, good parent‐adolescent communication and sound parental conflict resolution skills were also significantly related to adolescents' vigilant decision making, testifying to the importance of family environment in the socialization of adolescents for decision making
A study of the relationship between life events and disturbed self image in adolescents
Authors: Palazzi Stefano , De Vito Enrico , Luzzati Donata , Guerrini Antonio , Torre Eugenio 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe occurrence and subjective importance of a list of life events were determined in 1296 adolescents and compared with the risk of a disturbed self image, as assessed on the basis of Offer's (1981) questionnaire. A disturbed self image was shown by 24·2 per cent of the sample, and it was significantly associated with a reported excess of events (one standard deviation above the mean), and with the reporting of specific classes of events. These included serious disagreement between parents, sudden decrease in family income, serious abuse either within the family or outside the family, and having had an abortion. The events were sorted and ranked by the observed values of their sample frequency, subjective importance, and assessed risk of a disturbed self image. The rarest and subjectively most important events were often associated with a higher risk of a disturbed self image, and the role of reporting such “exceptional” experiences is discussed.
AIDS knowledge and beliefs, and sexual behavior of sexually delinquent and non‐delinquent (runaway) adolescents
Authors: Rotheram‐Borus Mary Jane , Becker Judith V. , Koopman Cheryl , Kaplan Meg 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis study assessed general knowledge of AIDS, beliefs about preventing AIDS, and sexual behavior among two groups of male adolescents at high risk of HIV/AIDS: 60 sexually delinquent males and 57 non‐delinquent runaway males.Significantly fewer sexually delinquent than non‐delinquent (runaway) males had experienced sexual intercourse with a consenting female partner (45 vs. 89 per cent). Sexually delinquent youths scored significantly lower than non‐delinquent youths in general knowledge of AIDS (65 vs. 73 per cent) and were not able to discriminate safer behaviors from those which were less safe (42 vs. 71 per cent). Both groups reported moderate support for beliefs about preventing AIDS. These results suggest HIV/AIDS prevention programs that attempt to increase knowledge are needed by these youths, particularly for sexually delinquent youths.
Interpersonal needs in middle adolescents: companionship, leadership and intimacy
Authors: Bakken Linda , Romig Charles 
Published: April 2004

AbstractRecent research suggests that, along with identity, intimacy is an important developmental construct during adolescence. Are there gender differences in current society regarding intimacy development? Two hundred and seven middle adolescents (70 males and 137 females) were measured using Schutz's (1958) Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Inventory (FIRO). The FIRO is a self‐report survey which assesses the subject's perceived expressions and perceived desires in three categories of interpersonal relationships: Inclusion (companionship), control (leadership), and affection (intimacy). Results indicated that there were differences in expression of inclusion, control, and affection, and desire for inclusion and affection. A second analysis addressed the perceived ranking in importance of the three interpersonal categories measured. Males ranked control expressed highest and affection desired lowest; females ranked affection desired as highest and control expressed lowest. Both groups ranked inclusion desired and expressed as moderate. The current research suggests that gender differences in the development of intimacy may occur as early as middle adolescence.
Glue sniffing: a comparison study of sniffers and non‐sniffers
Authors: Jansen P. , Richter L.M. , Griesel R.D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA study of 22 glue sniffers and 22 non‐sniffers was carried out with individuals from the same reference group. The subjects were all street children living in supervised shelters. No statistically significant differences were found between the sniffers and non‐sniffers on cognitive measures or biographical features (e.g. time spent at school, years on the street). When rated by shelter staff on a modified version of the Christiansen Rating Scale (1967) the sniffers were perceived to be significantly more disturbed in their relationships with others, however, methodological issues do not permit conclusive evidence of behavioural differences to be drawn. The authors conclude that the findings lend support for the view that the effects of volatile substance abuse on cognitive and personality functioning cannot be clearly demonstrated.
Adolescent coping behavior when confronted with a friend with AIDS
Authors: Brown Larry K. , Spirito Anthony , Reynolds Lyn Ann , Hemstreet Alyce 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe coping strategies employed by adolescents (n = 871) when presented with a hypothetical situation of a friend with AIDS were examined. Adolescents reported a wide range of imagined responses that were generally adaptive. Girls more than boys and distressed students more than nondistressed students were likely to endorse adaptive coping items. Comparison of the students with a separate sample (n = 472) that responded to a hypothetical situation of a suicidal peer revealed more distress in girls for the AIDS problem and more distress in boys for the suicide problem, contrary to expectations. Adolescents were more distressed and endorsed a wider variety of coping strategies in response to the AIDS scenario than to the suicide problem. Implications for care of adolescents dealing with these significant issues are discussed.
Antenatal evaluation of FHR accelerations associated with fetal movements
Authors: Sadovsky Eliahu , Navot Daniel , Yaffe Haim 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA retrospective comparative study of two definitions of the non‐stress testing employing two and four accelerations associated with fetal movements in 20‐min observation in 304 high risk pregnant women was evaluated. It was shown that four accelerations or more are no more predictive of good outcome than two accelerations during the same period. On the other hand a non‐reactive test is significantly more predictive of poor outcome when two acceleration definition was employed. It was shown in cases with good outcome that the reactivity of the non‐stress test increases with gestational age and that this test is invalid prior to the 33rd week of gestation.
Oral contraception during lactation: A global survey of physician practice
Authors: Strauss Lilo T. , Speckhard Mark , Rochat Roger W. , Senanayake Pramilla 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe use of combined estrogen‐progestogen oral contraceptives (EP‐OC) by lactating women has been associated with suppression of lactation. To determine the extent to which physicians prescribe combined EP‐OC for lactating women, the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) and the United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC) collaborated in a global mail survey of 3697 physicians affiliated with Family Planning Associations (FPA) in 72 countries. Usable responses were received from 831 physicians (22%) in 65 countries. The percent of clinicians who provide EP‐OC to lactating women was higher in developing regions (63% or more) than in developed regions (40% or less). Patient preference was rated important more often than any other factor in the decision to prescribe EP‐OC for lactating women. The percentage of clinicians who reported complaints of decreased milk production from women using EP‐OC was higher (32% or more) in developing regions where breast milk is often essential to infant nutrition.
Pelvic abscess in gynecologic patients
Authors: Gini P.C. , Chukudebelu W.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA survey of an 8‐year period in which 37 cases of pelvic abscess occurred in a Nigerian hospital department of obstetrics and gynecology is presented. All 37 women were surgically treated; one death occurred post‐operatively. A regimen of 400 mg of metroni‐dazole three times daily combined with appropriate antibiotics is recommended as the treatment of choice, even where laboratory confirmation of anaerobic involvement is unavailable.
Familial benign cystic teratomata
Authors: Brenner Steven H. , Wallach Robert C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA family with benign cystic teratomata in three successive generations is described. Other familial occurrences of these tumors have been reported; but not in three generations. Familial occurrence suggests an inherited characteristic for parthenogenic development and the occurrence of teratomata in twins and triplets supports the theory of a parthenogenic etiology. Benign cystic teratomata may, therefore, be tumors whose origin is genetically controlled.
Menstrual pattern and ovarian function in women with hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Bahamondes Luis , Faúndes Anibal , Tambascia Marcos , Trevisan Miriam , Dachs J. Norberto , Pinotti JoséA. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractProlactine (PRL) and progesterone were systematically measured in all women presenting with amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea or galactorrhea at the Infertility Clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of Campinas, Brazil, during a period of 34 months. The same hormonal assays were done to all infertile patients presenting for the first time during the last 6 months of the same period, for a total of 190 subjects. Fifty‐five patients with amenorrhea, 38 with oligomenorrhea and 97 with normal cycles, 20 of whom had galactorrhea, were included in the study. Fifty‐five percent of amenorrheic patients, 37% of oligomenorrheic and 9% of those with normal menses had elevated PRL. The mean PRL was higher the greater the menstrual disturbance but was not influenced by presence or absence of galactorrhea. Short luteal phase was the ovarian function condition most frequently associated with high PRL among women with normal menses.
The demography of maternal mortality‐seven Swedish parishes in the 19th century
Authors: Högberg Ulf , Broström Göran 
Published: April 2004

AbstractComplications of childbirth is a leading death cause for women of reproductive ages in the developing countries today. The unique Swedish population statistics from the 19th century permit comparable historical studies. In seven Swedish parishes 170 maternal deaths were observed — 595 per 100,000 live births. Eclampsia, obstructed labor and hemorrhage were responsible for 92 deaths, and puerperal sepsis for only 15 deaths. Indirect obstetrical deaths, like pneumonia, tuberculosis, dynsentery and heart diseases, accounted for 30.8% (41/133) of the specified death causes. With a time limit of 1 year instead of 42 days following delivery, maternal mortality was increased by 17%. Out of 14 married women 1 died from childbirth. Maternal deaths accounted for 40–50% of all deaths in the central ages of reproduction, leaving the motherless children with a highly increased death risk. Of the live born, 3% survived 5 years after the mothers' death. Of children aged 1–5 only 13% survived 5 years after the mothers death.
Oral contraceptives and stroke: A preliminary report on an epidemiologic study in Taiwan, China
Authors: Chang K.K. , Chow L.P. , Rider R.V. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTo investigate risk of stroke following use of oral contraceptives (OC) in less developed countries, a case‐control study was conducted in Taiwan involving 323 cases hospitalized in 1978–1980, 250 hospital controls, and 646 neighborhood controls matched with cases on several variables. All were alive at interview. For the total sample, no increased risk was found. However, when comparison is with hospital controls, the risk for the recent OC users was increased (OR = 3.93, 95% C.L. 1.21, 5.46). This latter finding is consistent with studies in developed countries.
Observations on some patients of high parity delivering in a general hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Opaneye A.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn a prospective study 100 consecutive Saudi patients having their tenth or subsequent deliveries in a general hospital were observed. Unlike in some other reports [1,8] fetal malpresentations, maternal anaemia or hypertension were few. However there was a high incidence of uterine inertia and primary cesarean sections. Early perinatal mortality rate was 50 per 1000. High parity is still a hazard to both mother and baby. Health education and family planning should be improved.
Procidentia in the newborn
Authors: Carpenter S.E. , Rock J.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractComplete uterine prolapse was noted shortly after birth in a female infant with a meningomyelocele at the level of the iliac crest with a palpable dimpled defect caudal to the primary lesion. The vagina and uterus were restored to their normal position with a rubber nipple placed into the vagina. The prolapse resolved on the sixth day of life after a repair of the meningomyelocele. Thus, conservative therapy with temporary support provides a satisfactory solution for newborn procidentia.
Endocrine and metabolic effects of simple hysterectomy
Authors: Menon R.K. , Okonofua F.E. , Agnew J.E. , Thomas M. , Bell J. , O'Brien P.M.S. , Dandona P. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA survey of 60 women who had undergone simple hysterectomy with preservation of ovaries revealed a high prevalence of menopausal flushes. Only 5 (8%) had menopausal concentrations of gonadotropins and estradiol. This is similar to the prevalence of natural menopause in population of comparable age. Of the remaining 55 women, 28 (47% of the total) had normal gonadotrophins and estradiol concentrations although they complained of hot flushes; these levels were not significantly different from those in 27 women who did not flush. The “flushers” did, however, have significantly diminished bone mineral index and higher serum uric acid concentrations than the “non‐flushers”. Flushes disappeared in those women who took estrogen replacement therapy. These data show that although full‐blown menopause does not increase in frequency following simple hysterectomy, a subtle diminution in estrogenisation is frequent. This hypo‐estrogenisation is sufficient to cause: (a) hot flushes; (b) demineralisation of the skeleton and (c) an elevation in serum uric acid concentrations. There may be a case for estrogen therapy in all women who develop hot flushes following simple hysterectomy.
Characteristics of changes in blood circulation induced by cold stimulation in pre‐eclamptic women
Authors: Miyamoto S. , Shimokawa H. , Touno A. , Kurokawa T. , Nakano H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractChanges in peripheral deep body temperature (p‐DBT) after cooling were examined in normal, chronically hypertensive pregnant and pre‐eclamptic subjects. The recovery of p‐DBT after cooling was delayed significantly in the pre‐eclamptic subjects, as compared to findings in the other two groups. The delay in the recovery process of blood flow in the tissue after cooling, probably due to disturbance of the vasodilating process, is a characteristic of microcirculation in pre‐eclamptic subjects.
Analysis of sterilization failure in Brazil
Authors: Lassner K.J. , Chen C.H.C. , Oberle M.W. , da Trindade T.C.S.M. , Aguinaga H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA study of 13,423 female sterilization procedures performed from 1981 to 1984 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was conducted to determine the level of sterilization failure. The lifetable cumulative failure rate was 0.54 at 12 months per 100 initial sterilizations, increasing to 1.04 at 48 months. Results of a multivariate analysis indicated that the differential in the rate of sterilization failure by woman's age at sterilization at 12 and 24 months was statistically highly significant. However, the differential rate of failure by the other variables such as whether sterilized during a training period, number of sterilizations per surgeon per day, and year of sterilization were not statistically significant.
Breech births in twin pregnancy: An analysis of Apgar score and perinatal mortality from a Nigerian sample
Authors: Fakeye O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPerinatal mortality (PNM) rates are reported for 146 twin‐1 and 192 twin‐2 breech births among 622 consecutive twin pairs delivered at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Stillbirths and infants with severe asphyxia (Apgar score 1–3) were recorded in significant proportions of both first and second twin breech infants. PNM rates were 13.7% twin‐1, 18.8% twin‐2; corrected PNM for infants weighing 2.0 kg or more, were 9.3% and 12.4% for twin‐1 and twin‐2, respectively. Twin specific breech PNM decreased with increasing birthweight of first and second twin to a low optimum in the weight group 2.5–2.9 kg, and thereafter rose for both first and second twin with birthweight 3.0 kg and above. Factors such as low birthweight, breech/breech presentation, breech extraction and retained second twin breech contributed significantly to the high PNM rates. More favorable PNM rates were recorded among a limited number of breech infants delivered by primary cesarean section for breech/breech or first twin breech presentations. A liberal approach to cesarean section delivery for breech twin births, and particularly for paired breech/breech presentation is strongly advocated.
Plasma antithrombin III levels in pre‐eclampsia and chronic hypertension
Authors: Leiberman J.R. , Hagay Z.J. , Mazor M. , Wiznitzer A. , Aharon M. , Nathan I. , Dvilansky A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPlasma levels of antithrombin III were tested during pregnancy in a control group of normal patients and in a study group that included patients with moderate and severe pre‐eclampsia and chronic hypertension. The control group showed mean antithrombin III activity of 97.9 ± 20.9%, the severe pre‐eclamptic patients 22.33 ± 18.22%, the moderate pre‐eclamptic patients 56.0 ± 7.56%, and the chronic hypertensive patients 77.5 ± 6.69%. The difference between normal pregnancy and moderate pre‐eclampsia was significant at P < 0.002, normal pregnancy and severe pre‐eclampsia P < 0.002, moderate and severe pre‐eclampsia P < 0.002, chronic hypertension and normal pregnancy P < 0.1, and chronic hypertension and severe pre‐eclampsia P < 0.002. All the severe pre‐eclamptic patients and 2 out of 6 of the moderate pre‐eclamptic women were below 55.7% (x – 2S.D.) of normal antithrombin III activity. Patients with heavy proteinuria had depressed antithrombin III activity. However, chronic hypertensive pregnancies, although rather a small group, had almost normal values of plasma antithrombin III activity. The plasma antithrombin III value may thus help to distinguish between chronic hypertension and severe pre‐eclamptic disease.
The effect of maternal age on primary cesarean section rate
Authors: Witter F.R. , Repke J.T. , Niebyl J.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA retrospective analysis of computerized data from 11,815 patients with no history of previous cesarean section revealed an increasing primary cesarean section rate with increasing maternal age. This increase occurred over the entire reproductive age span. Fetal distress as an indication for primary cesarean section may account for this increase.
Resurfacing the vulva and vagina
Authors: Cronjé H.S. , Van Zyl J.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThirteen patients are described where split thickness skin grafts, cutaneous or myocutaneous flaps were used to cover large defects on the vulva and vagina. For defects over the pubic groin areas, the tensor fascia lata flaps are most suitable. Defects of the vulva are best covered by split thickness skin grafts or gracilis flaps, and vaginal defects by split thickness skin grafts or vulvar flaps.
Clinical experiences with the Spring Coil intrauterine device: a ten‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Batár István 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn a ten‐year follow‐up study analysing 1080 cases and 29 138 cumulative woman‐months of use, the clinical experiences of the Spring Coil IUD are evaluated using the life table technique, the net cumulative pertinent termination rates calculated for 100 women at the end of the 10th year, were as follows: pregnancy 1.2; expulsion 32.5; bleeding/pain removal 31.6; removal for other medical reasons 6.2. The results support the concept that in problem‐ and symptom‐free cases, routine IUD removal is not necessary.
Carcinoma of the uterine cervix and schistosomiasis
Authors: El Tabbakh G. , Hamza M.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe relation between cervical cancer and schistosomal infection is controversial. A case of well differentiated adenocarcinoma associated with schistosomiasis of the cervix is presented. A 45‐year‐old female complaining of intermenstrual bleeding had a polypoid ulcerated cervical mass. Biopsy revealed well differentiated adenocarcinoma and bilharzial ova with terminal spine embedded in the tumor tissue. The relation between cancer cervix and schistosomiasis is discussed.
Improved fetal survival with small volume plasmapheresis in Rhesus disease
Authors: Al‐Omari W.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFifty pregnant multiparas with Rhesus isoimmunization were treated by small volume plasmapheresis initiated at the end of their first trimester. Forty mothers were successfully delivered at 31–38 weeks of babies that survived. There were ten fetal losses, six of these were stillborn, and there were three neonatal deaths, and one abortion. This fetal survival rate is acceptable, and plasmapheresis remains an alternative therapy in locations where immunoprophylaxis is not common.
Tubal ligation at cesarean delivery in five Asian centers: a comparison with tubal ligation soon after vaginal delivery
Authors: Chi I‐c. , Wilkens L.R. , Gates D. , Lamptey P. , Petrick T. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIncreasingly more tubal sterilizations are being performed at the time of cesarean section in the United States and probably also in developing countries. This descriptive study provides us with hitherto unavailable information on the impact of this combined procedure on the women undergoing it. Five Asian centers were included for study. In these centers, 618 women had concurrent tubal ligation at cesarean section in 1973 and 1974. During this period, 3399 women had tubal ligation soon after term vaginal deliveries. The much higher morbidity and mortality in the former group were judged to be attributable to the indications leading to, or the complications of, cesarean section and not to the concurrent tubal ligation. Women undergoing the combined procedure of tubal ligation and cesarean section were more likely to have characteristics associated with later regretting the sterilization.