bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic prognostic value of base excess and fibrinogen in predicting mortality after severe trauma
Authors: Han Jonghee , Seok Junepill , Yoon Su Young , Kim Se Heon , Lee Jin Young , Ye Jin Bong , Lee Jin Suk , Sul Younghoon 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeAlthough base excess (BE) and fibrinogen are established prognostic markers in severe trauma, their combined predictive power remains uncharacterized. This study aimed to determine whether admission BE and fibrinogen levels independently and interactively predict 30‐day mortality in severely injured adult trauma patients (ISS ≥ 15), thus informing improved resuscitation strategies.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed 513 adult trauma patients (ISS ≥ 15) admitted to a level I trauma center. Optimal BE and fibrinogen cutoffs were identified via ROC analysis. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression, controlling for key confounders, assessed the association between these biomarkers and 30‐day mortality.Results30‐day mortality was 12.1% (n = 62). Low BE and low fibrinogen were independently associated with increased mortality (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009, respectively). Critically, a strong synergistic interaction was identified (p < 0.001), with patients exhibiting both low BE and low fibrinogen showing a markedly increased mortality risk (HR 8.46, 95% CI 3.60–19.90, and p < 0.001).ConclusionLow admission BE and fibrinogen levels are strongly associated with increased mortality in severe trauma exhibiting a significant synergistic effect. These findings necessitate a multimodal approach to resuscitation targeting both metabolic acidosis and coagulopathy.
Prevalence of low‐dose aspirin prophylaxis and its impact on maternal and fetal outcome in pre‐eclamptic patients
Authors: Iweka R. O. , Maduako K. T. , Enabudoso E. J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of low‐dose aspirin (LDA), missed opportunities in pre‐eclampsia prevention and its impact on maternofetal outcomes among patients with pre‐eclampsia.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of pre‐eclampsia patients at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, prospectively recruited from February 1, 2023 to January 31, 2024. Data were collected using interviewer‐administered questionnaires and medical records. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Chi‐squared analysis and logistics regression were used and p‐values <0.05 were considered significant.ResultsThe mean age group of the 140 patients was 31.28 ± 6.29 years, of whom 17.9% used LDA and 52% were compliant. Missed opportunity for LDA use was 79.3% and was higher in high‐parity women, those with a low level of education, unemployed women, unbooked patients, and in low levels of antenatal care (p < 0.049, p < 0.008, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively) and these were statistically significant. About 94.5% and 74.3% who had vaginal delivery and cesarean section, respectively, experienced missed opportunities for LDA use, results that were statistically significant (p < 0.022). The association between missed opportunities and materno‐fetal complications (p > 0.604 and p > 0.318) were not significant. However, respondents who had missed opportunity LDA had higher odds of fetal complications (odds ratio 13.68, 95% confidence interval 2.50–74.91).ConclusionThis study reveals underutilization and missed opportunities for LDA for pre‐eclampsia prevention leading to adverse materno‐fetal outcomes. There is a need to promote LDA use for the prevention of pre‐eclampsia among clinicians, especially at peripheral healthcare institutions.
CBAM Attention Gate‐Based Lightweight Deep Neural Network Model for Improved Retinal Vessel Segmentation
Authors: Fareed Kashif , Khan Anas , Alhussein Musaed , Aurangzeb Khursheed , Shahzad Aamir , Islam Mazhar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOver the years, researchers have been using deep learning in different fields of science including disease diagnosis. Retinal vessel segmentation has seen significant advancements through deep learning techniques, resulting in high accuracy. Despite this progress, challenges remain in automating the segmentation process. One of the most pressing and often overlooked issues is computational complexity, which is critical for developing portable diagnostic systems. To address this, this study introduces a CBAM‐Attention Gate‐based U‐Netmodel aimed at reducing computational complexity without sacrificing performance on evaluation metrics. The performance of the model was analyzed using four publicly available fundus image datasets: CHASE_DB1, DRIVE, STARE, and HRF, and it achieved sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, AUC, and MCC performances (0.7909, 0.9975, 0.9723, 0.9867, and 0.8011), (0.8217, 0.9816, 0.9674, 0.9849, and 0.9778), (0.8346, 0.9790, 0.9680, 0.9855, and 0.7810), and (0.8082, 0.9769, 0.9638, 0.9723, and 0.7575), respectively. Moreover, this model comprises of only 0.8 million parameters, which makes it one of the lightest available models used for retinal vessel segmentation. This lightweight yet efficient model is most suitable for use in low‐end hardware devices. The attributes of significantly lower computational complexity along with improved evaluation metrics advocates for its deployment in portable embedded devices to be used for population‐level screening programs.
Photobiomodulation Exerts Anti‐Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects Reducing the Development of Tumors Elicited by 4‐NQO in the Mice Tongue
Authors: do Carmo Filho José Ronildo Lins , Lima Iásly Costa , de Barros Silva Paulo Goberlânio , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes , Sousa Fabricio Bitu , Assreuy Ana Maria Sampaio , Mota Mário Rogério Lima 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveEvaluate the influence of photobiomodulation in a model of oral carcinogenesis induced by 4‐nitroquinoline‐n‐oxide (4‐NQO).SubjectiveNinety‐six Swiss mice received topical application of 1% 4‐NQO on tongue dorsum, for 20 weeks. The tongue was subjected to photobiomodulation with red (71.4 J/cm2) and infrared laser (142.8 J/cm2) starting at week 0, 12, and 16. After 20 weeks, tongues were removed for the following analyzes: histological assessment, immunohistochemical reactions (cyclin D1/Ki‐67/TGF‐β1), quantification of MPO, n‐AG, MDA, GSH, total proteins, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 levels.Results4‐NQO showed significant increase in the frequency of carcinoma (p < 0.001), and in the immunostaining for cyclin D1/Ki‐67/TGF‐β1 (p < 0.005), along with increased levels of TNF‐ α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, MPO, n‐AG, MDA, and total proteins (p < 0.001), that were reduced by photobiomodulation with red and infrared lasers (p < 0.005).ConclusionPhotobiomodulation reduces tumor development, accompanied by reduced inflammatory cells and content of cytokines and oxidative markers associated with carcinogenesis.
Police Contact, Sleep, and Mental Health in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
Authors: Johnson Elizabeth I. , Green E. Cole , Stewart Meagan , Coleman Jasmine N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUsing data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (n = 3928), we examined how police contact relates to sleep problems, anxiety, and depressive symptoms during middle adolescence (M age = 14.09; SD = 0.68). Consistent with racialized disparities in the presence of police in schools and communities, descriptive data revealed that Black children, particularly boys, reported more positive and negative contact with police than other children. Results of regression analyses that adjusted for potential selection factors further revealed that negative interactions with police were associated with increased risk for sleep disturbances and/or internalizing symptoms among White boys, Black girls, and Hispanic youth. Contact with police was not, however, associated with outcomes assessed here for White girls or Black boys, findings that likely reflect fundamentally different lived experiences with police, gendered racial socialization processes, and access to social support that warrant continued investigation in future research.
Leveraging Capital Networks for Entrepreneurial Success
Authors: Mohammadi Navid , Dahooie Jalil Heidary , Salloum Charbel , Jarrar Hajer , Rossi Matteo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study analyzes Iran's entrepreneurial ecosystem to identify key actors and collaborative networks that facilitate entrepreneurial performance and economic development. By employing social network analysis (SNA), we examined interactions among 1941 actors—comprising 1665 entrepreneurial businesses and 276 investors—and calculated 11 network analysis criteria for each. Using the Correlation Coefficient and Standard Deviation (CCSD) method to determine the significance of these criteria, the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method was applied to rank actors by their performance. Findings highlight closeness centrality as a pivotal factor, with early‐stage investors such as accelerators and incubators emerging as key enablers of entrepreneurial success, whereas venture capitalists and late‐stage investors played a less prominent role, reflecting potential weaknesses in exit strategies. Broader implications underscore the critical need to strengthen ties between universities, industries, and investors to foster a more resilient entrepreneurial ecosystem, with actionable insights for policymakers, entrepreneurs, and ecosystem stakeholders to optimize cooperation and innovation.
Coumarin‐triazole hybridized as therapeutic‐based niosomes for advanced drug release of Cefixime against multi‐drug resistance Salmonella enterica
Authors: Burki Samiullah , Ali Imdad , Burki Zeba Gul , Khan Sarzamin , Fazal Mahmood , Ullah Riaz , Shah Ismail , Shah Zafar Ali , Shah Muhammad Raza 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics has become a massive problem for healthcare systems. This could result in serious consequences for treating bacterial infections, including treatment failure. In turn, drug resistance has promoted the development of more effective antibacterial agents. Niosomes are considered efficient agents for the enhancement of the antibacterial activity of antibiotics. Herein, Coumarin‐triazole hybrid (CAT) niosomes were developed and evaluated against extensively drug‐resistant Salmonella enterica (XDR S. enterica). The Cefixime‐loaded CAT niosomal vesicle average particle size was 342 ± 3 nm, with a zeta potential −28 ± 2.0 mV. CAT vesicles showed a prominent drug entrapment efficiency of 74% ± 3%. A blood hemolytic assay revealed no hemolysis occurred. CAT vesicle exhibited a reduced cytotoxic effect against NIH/3T3 normal mouse fibroblast cells, at the maximum concentration of 1000 μg/mL. However, the MIC50 empty and Cefixime loaded CAT niosomal vesicles against XDR S. enterica was observed at 250 and 125 μgmL−1, respectively, indicating that Cefixime lowered the MIC50 by two‐fold. Topographical atomic force microscopy (AFM) images revealed that exposure to Cefixime‐loaded CAT niosomes efficiently damaged the bacterial cell membrane of XDR S. enterica, resulting in leaking and scattering.
Preparation of Polyaniline Modified Cellulose Filter Paper and Its Application in Detecting 23 Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances
Authors: You Hong‐Yu , Yin Hong‐Yi , Zhao Jia‐Hui , Xiang Zhou‐Yang , Liu Bo , Hu Guo‐Wei , Sun Zhong‐Hui , Lai Hua‐Jie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a widely used class of synthetic chemicals that pose a significant global environmental and health threat due to their persistent and bioaccumulation toxicity caused by strong C‐F bonds in their structures. PFAS usually exist in trace concentrations in environmental water bodies, which poses great challenges for environmental analysis. In this study, environmentally friendly cellulose was modified with polyaniline through in situ oxidative polymerization, and used as the filter paper for solid‐phase extracting 23 PFAS in water. Characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer, and thermogravimetric analysis indicated the successful synthesis of structurally stable polyaniline‐modified cellulose filter paper (PANI/CFP). Then, a high‐performance liquid chromatograph‐triple quadrupole mass spectrometry determination method was established for 23 PFAS from water using PANI/CFP extraction. The optimal adsorption occurred at a solution pH of 3.0–5.0, and the best elution efficiency can be achieved using methanol with 2% added ammonia water. The adsorption mechanism of 23 PFAS by PANI/CFP can be considered as the result of synergistic effects between physical and chemical adsorption. The recovery rates for 23 PFAS in groundwater, surface water, and wastewater ranged from 65.8% to 105%, with limits of detection and quantification from 0.44 to 36.5 ng/L. After being reused five times, PANI/CFP can still maintain a good extraction recovery rate for PFAS. This study successfully prepared PANI/CFP and established an experimental method flow for its application in the extraction and detection of 23 PFAS in water. The PANI/CFP has the characteristics of stable structure and properties, and easy operation.
Music Transmission and Performance Optimization Based on the Integration of Artificial Intelligence and 6G Network Slice
Authors: Zhu Honghui 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNetwork slicing, which enables efficient resource management to meet specific service requirements, provides a scalable solution for optimizing music transmission and live performance in mobile networks beyond 5G and into 6G. The research focuses on optimizing live performances as well as music transmission. Since AI‐driven resource management improves performance quality and real‐time music streaming in dynamic 6G network situations, these factors are interconnected. This approach allows multiple tenants, such as event organizers and music producers, to share infrastructure while customizing communication and quality standards for real‐time music services. To ensure optimal resource allocation, including high bandwidth, low latency, and consistent service quality, network slices are dynamically configured by the infrastructure provider. Although the implementation of network slicing in the core network has been well studied, applying it within the radio access network (RAN) presents challenges, especially given the unpredictability of wireless channels and the strict quality of service (QoS) demands for live music streaming. For 6G networks, the article suggests a tenant‐driven RAN slicing method improved by artificial intelligence (AI) to maximize music performance and transmission. A hybrid AI framework integrates a deep recurrent neural network (DRNN) for continuous monitoring and prediction of network conditions with a deep Q‐network (DQN) augmented by prioritized experience replay (PER) for real‐time resource adaptation. The DRNN forecasts network states to guide high‐level resource allocation, whereas DQN with PER dynamically manages routing and bandwidth based on past critical network states, enabling rapid responses to fluctuating performance demands. Comparative results indicate that the suggested approach outperforms conventional techniques, achieving a latency of 25 ms, an audio quality of 4.6, and a bandwidth utilization of 90%. Simulation results in live music and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) environments demonstrate the proposed approach's effectiveness in minimizing latency, enhancing audio quality, and stabilizing transmission, surpassing traditional network allocation techniques.
Grocery intervention and DNA‐based assessment to improve diet quality in pediatric obesity: a pilot randomized controlled study
Authors: Aqeel Ammara , Kay Melissa C. , Zeng Jun , Petrone Brianna L. , Yang Chengxin , Truong Tracy , Brown Covington B. , Jiang Sharon , Carrion Veronica M. , Bryant Stephanie , Kirtley Michelle C. , Neshteruk Cody D. , Armstrong Sarah C. , David Lawrence A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveWe assessed the impact of a food‐provisioning intervention on diet quality in children with obesity.MethodsParticipants (n = 33, aged 6–11 years) were randomly assigned to either usual care (intensive health behavior and lifestyle treatment) or intervention (usual care + food provisioning; high‐fiber, low‐dairy diet) for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was a change in child diet quality at Week 4. Secondary outcomes were changes in weight, food insecurity, gut microbiome composition (16S ribosomal RNA), and dietary intake, measured via an objective DNA‐based biomarker (i.e., FoodSeq). Genomic dietary data were analyzed against a larger pediatric adolescent obesity cohort (n = 195, aged 10–18 years) from similar households.ResultsIntervention demonstrated changes across all assessed diet components and was more effective than usual care in increasing whole grain (β = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.34; p = 0.013) and fiber (β = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.28 to 3.76; p < 0.001) and decreasing dairy (β = −1.31, 95% CI: −2.02 to −0.60; p = 0.001). FoodSeq results, highly concordant with grocery orders (adjusted R2 = 0.65; p < 0.001), indicated a dietary shift toward low‐energy‐density plant taxa in the intervention relative to a prior survey of diet in a related cohort (β = 8.64, 95% CI: 5.18 to 12.14; p < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in microbiome, weight, or food insecurity.ConclusionsOur study supports the potential of dietitian‐guided food provisioning for improving diet quality in children with obesity and demonstrates an objective genomic approach for evaluating dietary shifts.
Optimising Production of Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) From Methane Synthesis
Authors: Rakhi  , Mauss Fabian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo optimise the methanation of synthesis gas (syngas) with a focus on achieving maximum methane and minimum CO, a comprehensive thermodynamics analysis of hydrogenation is conducted. This study will help us to understand the thermodynamic behaviour of the reactions involved in the methanation process. We have investigated the species, , , , and CO at the equilibrium in a temperature range of 200–1200 with pressure variation of 1 to 300 atm and a fuel composition of . Low temperatures (200–400) and high pressures are favourable for the complete consumption of and as well as to obtain maximum . Also, in this temperature range, there is no formation of the species CO. The formation of CO becomes a serious issue from 400 for low pressures, for example, 1 atm. This can be shifted to slightly higher temperatures, i.e., 600 if high pressures are selected. The study can help us to select the optimum conditions (temperature and pressure) to perform the experiments to achieve maximum by full methanation of . This will also support us for the development of catalysts and processes for the production of natural gas which can be reintegrated into the network of natural gas.
Bridging the gap between science, policy and stakeholders: Towards sustainable wolf–livestock coexistence in human‐dominated landscapes
Authors: Ostermann‐Miyashita Emu‐Felicitas , Kirkland Hannah , Eklund Ann , Hare Darragh , Jansman Hugh A. H. , Kiffner Christian , Linnell John D. C. , Rigg Robin , Stone Suzanne A. , Uthes Sandra , von Arx Manuela , König Hannes J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

While the return of wolves (Canis lupus) to many European countries is a conservation milestone, the negative impacts are unevenly distributed across society, placing high pressure on livestock grazing systems.

For this perspective, scientists from diverse disciplines and geographical backgrounds reflect on the state of livestock–wolf interactions in Europe and formulate recommendations for enabling wolf–livestock coexistence.

We argue that co‐designing, co‐implementing and co‐disseminating research with key stakeholders, such as livestock farmers, is a productive approach to developing and implementing locally appropriate coexistence strategies.

Decision‐making should be informed by scientific evidence. We recommend that ecological data on wolves and livestock are collected and shared across borders. Evidence from the social sciences is important for understanding the human dimension of wolf–livestock interactions.

We suggest bridging the gaps within multidisciplinary wolf–livestock research to strengthen interdisciplinary insights, comprehensively evaluate management approaches and guide governance and policy decisions that properly account for inherent complexities.

Policy implications: As wolf populations and their impacts continue to grow in Europe, policymakers at all levels must make decisions that adequately safeguard wolf populations while simultaneously protecting livestock and livelihoods. This requires access to reliable scientific evidence.
Lymph Node Staging and Treatment in Pediatric Patients With Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Consensus Opinion from the Children's Oncology Group, European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group, and the Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe
Authors: Terwisscha van Scheltinga Sheila , Schoot Reineke A. , Routh Jonathan C. , Seitz Guido , Kao Simon C. , de Keizer Bart , Shulkin Barry , Ewijk Roelof van , McCarville Beth , Casey Dana , Allen‐Rhoades Wendy , Mercolini Federico , Merks Hans , Orbach Daniel , Kapadia Tejas , Walterhouse David O. , Davila Fajardo Raquel , Hiemcke‐Jiwa Laura , Franzius Christiane , De Corti Federica , Tang Vivian , Metts Jonathan , Oberoi Saphna , Vokuhl Christian , Dasgupta Roshni , Birz Suzi , Rodeberg David 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAccurate staging of nodal involvement in pediatric sarcoma patients is important to determine correct systemic and local therapy, with the goal to reduce subsequent recurrences. However, differences in lymph node staging strategies, definitions, and treatment protocols between the Children's Oncology Group (COG), European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG), and the Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS) complicate comparisons. In this article, we aim to establish internationally recognized recommendations for lymph node assessment and treatment of children and adolescents diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS) according to the Consensus Conference Standard Operating Procedure methodology.
Hepatobiliary Adverse Events Associated With the KRAS p.G12C Inhibitor Sotorasib
Authors: Frey Connor 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeThe p.G12C mutation in KRAS is commonly found in many cancers and was previously untreatable until drugs like sotorasib were developed. However, up to 15% of patients treated with sotorasib have experienced hepatobiliary adverse events. To investigate whether these side effects are more common among sotorasib users, a pharmacovigilance study is necessary.MethodsThis study used the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database, a publicly available repository of reported drug adverse events, and AERSMine, an open‐access pharmacovigilance tool, to investigate these adverse events.ResultsA total of 428 hepatobiliary adverse events were linked to sotorasib. Hepatic cytolysis had the highest reported relative risk at 26.541 and a safety signal of 4.726. Elevated liver and biliary enzymes such as AST, ALT, ALP, and GGT were commonly observed, but with lower reported relative risk and safety signal values, which supports previous real‐world reports.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the hepatobiliary risks associated with sotorasib and underscore the importance of closely monitoring liver function in patients who are using the medication. This is particularly crucial for patients with hepatobiliary cancers, as disease progression and adverse events could be misinterpreted.