bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of adjuvant-associated COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in randomized controlled trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Meng-qun , Weng Zhi-Ying , Li Rong , Song Gao 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Adjuvants may enhance the efficacy of vaccines. however, the efficacy of adjuvant-associated COVID-19 vaccines (ACVs) remains unclear since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to address this gap by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of ACVs against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 CoV (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOC).

Methods:
A systematic search was conducted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the vaccine efficacy (VE) of ACVs against VOC (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, or Omicron), up to May 27, 2023. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model was used to assess VE with 95% confidence intervals (CI) through meta-analysis. Cochrane Risk of Bias tools were used to assess the risk of bias in RCTs.

Results:
Eight RCTs with 113,202 participants were included in the analysis, which incorporated 4 ACVs [Matrix-M (NVX-CoV2373), Alum (BBV152), CpG-1018/Alum (SCB-2019), and AS03 (CoVLP]). The pooled efficacy of full vaccination with ACVs against VOC was 88.0% (95% CI: 83.0–91.5). Full vaccination was effective against Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Gamma variants, with VE values of 93.66% (95% CI: 86.5–100.74), 64.70% (95% CI: 41.87–87.54), 75.95% (95% CI: 67.9–83.99), and 91.26% (95% CI: 84.35–98.17), respectively. Currently, there is a lack of RCT evidence regarding the efficacy of ACVs against the Omicron variant.

Conclusion:
In this meta-analysis, it should be that full vaccination with ACVs has high efficacy against Alpha or Gamma variants and moderate efficacy against Beta and Delta variants. Notably, with the exception of the aluminum-adjuvanted vaccine, the other ACVs had moderate to high efficacy against the SARS-CoV-2 variant. This raises concerns about the effectiveness of ACVs booster vaccinations against Omicron.
The mechanism of Zhenzhu Pills treating intracerebral hemorrhage secondary injury based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Wu Gang , Ren Zeng , Hao Qingpei , Wong Yu , Zha Duo , Cao Xudong , Liu Ruen 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) secondary injury is serious and affects patient’s prognosis. The Zhenzhu Pills used to treat subacute ICH in Tibet has shown to have a certain curative effect. Network pharmacology and molecular docking technology are employed to explore the potential mechanism of Zhenzhu Pills. The components and potential targets of Zhenzhu Pills were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. The Gene Expression Omnibus Series 24265 was used to screen differentially expressed genes between perihematomal tissue and normal brain.

Methods:
The herbs–components–targets network was established, with weighted eigenvalue to identify the core components and targets of Zhenzhu Pills treatment of ICH secondary injury. Targets’ bioinformatics enrichment was proceeded by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis. Finally, molecular docking was used to identify the hydrogen bonding activity between the key components and action targets.

Results:
Five herbal drugs were screened from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, with a total of 48 components and 234 targets. The Gene Expression Omnibus Series 24265 dataset was evaluated and 920 differentially expressed genes were identified. A total of 29 intersection targets of Zhenzhu Pills were explored in the treatment of ICH secondary injury. Drugs–components–targets network analysis showed that the pivotal targets were prostaglandin G/H synthase 2, interleukin 6, heme oxygenase-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and the core components were quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that biological processes such as cell chemotaxis, wound healing, leukocyte migration, and regulation of body fluid levels played an important role in the secondary injury of ICH. The results of KEGG pathway analysis were mainly related to advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products signal pathway and tumor necrosis factor signal pathway. Molecular docking of 3 flavonoids with 5 core targets with the results also showed active hydrogen bonding.

Conclusions:
This study provides insights into the potential mechanisms of Zhenzhu Pills in the treatment of secondary injuries resulting from ICH and highlights specific components, targets, and molecular pathways involved in this therapeutic effect. These possible therapeutic mechanisms include inhibiting inflammation, edema, oxidative stress, and so on.
A case report of vaginal delivery in the second trimester of severe uterine prolapse complicated with cervical incarceration
Authors: Yang Xiaoyue , Feng Tongfu 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Uterine prolapse is a rare complication of pregnancy, and there is still no consensus on the choice of delivery method.

Methods:
The patient’s reproductive history included an abortion and eutocic delivery of a girl weighing 3200 g; the current pregnancy was the third pregnancy. Her cervical region was outside the vaginal opening and was red in color, with evident enlargement (6 × 4 cm) and a broken surface. The cervical area also showed white discharge. According to her Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed a fetus in the uterine cavity at approximately 19 weeks of gestation. Gynecological examination revealed prolapse of both the anterior and posterior vaginal walls. Evaluation of the pelvic organ prolapse-Q scores showed that the patient had uterine prolapse at stage IV.

Results:
Vaginal delivery was performed smoothly after oral administration mifepristone and misoprostol tablets for a few days, obtaining a dead female fetus in cephalic, 25 cm in length. The cervix of the pregnant woman did not prolapse during the delivery.

Conclusion:
For pregnancy with uterine prolapse and cervical incarceration, transvaginal delivery is a potential treatment option. Maintenance of cervical retraction and oral mifepristone administration with misoprostol tablets is crucial during this delivery. This treatment can minimize the risk of cervical lacerations and uterine rupture, helping surgeons to complete the operation successfully.
Circulating endothelial cells in pathophysiology
Authors: Brett Victor Emmanuel , Dignat George Francoise , James Chloe 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to synthesize recent insights into the roles and importance of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) as indicators of the severity, progression, and prognosis of vascular-related diseases.

Recent findings
Recent studies have identified elevated counts of CECs in pathological conditions, notably inflammatory or cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction and heart failure, underscoring their potential as sensitive indicators of disease. Furthermore, the rise in CEC levels in cancer patients, particularly with disease advancement, points to their role in cancer-associated angiogenesis and response to treatment.

Summary
This review underscores the evolving significance of CECs as markers for evaluating the gravity and advancement of diseases with vascular injury, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, inflammatory conditions, and thromboembolic events. These last years, efforts made to standardize flow cytometry detection of CEC and the development of highly sensitive techniques to isolate, quantify or phenotype rare cells open promising avenues for clinical application. This may yield extensive knowledge regarding the mechanisms by which endothelial cells contribute to a variety of vascular-related disorders and their clinical value as emerging biomarkers
Familial hypercholesterolemia in children and the importance of early treatment
Authors: van den Bosch Sibbeliene E. , Hutten Barbara A. , Corpeleijn Willemijn E. , Kusters D. Meeike 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
Familial hypercholesterolemia leads to elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from birth onwards due to a pathogenetic variation in genes in cholesterol metabolism. Early screening to identify and subsequently treat children with familial hypercholesterolemia is crucial to reduce the risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review focuses on recent insights in the field of pediatric familial hypercholesterolemia.

Recent findings
Screening in childhood and early initiation of optimal lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) have shown promising outcomes in the prevention of ASCVD. In addition, cost-effectiveness research has demonstrated highly favorable results. With the availability of novel therapies, familial hypercholesterolemia has become a well treatable disease.

Summary
Children with familial hypercholesterolemia benefit from early detection and optimal treatment of their elevated LDL-C levels.
Enhancement of Preoperative Mental Health Assessment Through Clinical Nurse Specialist Project Leadership
Authors: Dinsmore Jill S. , Schmidt Carrie L. , Messner Penny K. , Loth Ann R. , Meiers Sonja J. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose/Objectives
The aim of the project was to discern whether a collaborative, consultative-rich, clinical nurse specialist–led project could increase completion rates of a patient health questionnaire for depression and a generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire with appropriate referrals in adult patients in the ambulatory and hospital settings of a robust cardiovascular surgery practice before cardiovascular surgery.

Description of Project
The Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control implementation methodology guided this quality improvement project. The workflow was analyzed in collaboration with stakeholders, and barriers to and facilitators of questionnaire completion were identified. Interpreter services partnerships were enhanced and used for patients with a preferred language other than English. Weekly data analysis assessed ongoing questionnaire completion rates.

Outcome
Documented completion rates of questionnaires improved across ambulatory and hospital settings by 15%. Patients with a preferred language other than English had an 80-percentage-point increase in documented questionnaire completion.

Conclusion
Clinical nurse specialists are poised to lead projects because of their use of the collaborative and consultative core competencies. A formal electronic health record report was established for monitoring outcomes. Embedding questionnaire administration within the standard workflow of ambulatory and hospital staff makes administering questionnaires preoperatively a sustainable practice in both settings.
Clinical Nurse Specialist Role Advocacy
Authors: Toth Chantal , Miller Kelsey , Hart Amanda , Kidd Micah 
Published: February 2024

Purpose/Objectives
The purpose of this article is to guide the clinical nurse specialist in constructing a scorecard to track clinical outcomes and identify the associated financial impact.

Description of the Project/Program
Creation of a scorecard highlighting the financial impact of the clinical nurse specialist team was used to disseminate financial outcomes to hospital executive stakeholders, allowing the clinical nurse specialist team to demonstrate its clinical and financial value.

Outcome
During development and ongoing maintenance of the scorecard, the clinical nurse specialist team cultivated skills to identify the financial impact of projects. The team also utilized financial implications of individual and group projects to prioritize work. At the end of fiscal year 2022, the clinical nurse specialist team demonstrated revenue generation of $29 890 and cost avoidance of $2 854 807.30. The clinical nurse specialist scorecard was presented quarterly to the chief nursing officer, who shared with executive leadership.

Conclusion
Clinical nurse specialists are positioned to make significant and positive financial impact to organizations. A scorecard presented to executive leadership offers a clinical nurse specialist team a tool to capture and disseminate a clinical nurse specialist team's unique financial contribution at the system level.
Oncology Clinical Nurse Specialists Practice in the Outpatient Setting
Authors: Inumerables Faye , Freedman Kara , Leary Megan , Short Kathleen 
Published: February 2024

Purpose/Objectives
With rapidly evolving oncology care, the role of the outpatient clinical nurse specialist is most valuable and essential. The purpose of this article is to describe the role of the clinical nurse specialist in the ambulatory oncology settings and highlight the clinical nurse specialists' unique influence across the spheres of impact.

Description of the Project/Program
This article shares several contributions of an outpatient clinical nurse specialist, which include ways this role impacts nursing practice, patient care, and standardizing organizational guidelines. A method of recording the clinical nurse specialists' encounters or indirect consults was also utilized to provide a process to log consultation received in the day-to-day practice. Work exemplars were included to further demonstrate the impact of this role in this setting.

Conclusion
Outpatient clinical nurse specialist need is rising especially in the oncology setting where the majority of cancer care and treatment is delivered. It is important to continue to disseminate and highlight the value it brings to the organization.
Inpatient Rehabilitation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients
Authors: Fu Jack B. , Morishita Shinichiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplants play an important role in the treatment of cancer, particularly hematologic malignancies. These patients can encounter functional impairments unique to hematopoietic stem cell transplant, including deconditioning, cancer-related fatigue, steroid myopathy, graft versus host disease, and capillary leak syndrome. Medical fragility and increased risk of infection may make rehabilitation challenging on the acute care and postacute care settings. Patients admitted to acute inpatient rehabilitation experience a high rate of transfer to the primary acute service and high rate of mortality after transfer back. Physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians can use a number of strategies to mitigate these patients’ risk of medical complications including evidence-based predictive models to assist with postacute rehabilitation triage, physiatry-led consult-based rehabilitation, and oncology hospitalist comanagement on inpatient rehabilitation.
Telemedicine in Cancer Rehabilitation
Authors: Davidoff Chanel , Cheville Andrea 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Advancements in telemedicine have revolutionized the landscape of healthcare delivery, with particular implications for cancer rehabilitation. This journal article provides a comprehensive review of the utilization and application of telemedicine in cancer rehabilitation, spanning the entire cancer care continuum. The integration of telemedicine in cancer rehabilitation services is explored from diagnosis through survivorship, addressing the unique challenges and opportunities at each stage.
Association of Academic Physiatrists Residency and Fellowship Program Directors’ Resident Recruitment Subcouncil Position Paper on Residency Recruitment
Authors: Dragojlovic Nikola , Romanoski Natasha L. , Bolger Ashlee , Friedlander Tracy , Helkowski Wendy , Huss Sara A. , Jenkins Jeffrey G. , Knowlton Tiffany , Nguyen Dianna H. , Rand Stephanie E. , Raum George , Sullivan William , Tonkin Brionn K. , Escalon Miguel X. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Residency recruitment practices have undergone significant changes in the last several years. Interviews are now conducted fully virtually leading to both positive and negative downstream effects including decreased cost to applicants and programs, decreased time away from clinical activities, flexibility in scheduling, and increased applications for applicants and program directors. In response to these changes, the Association of Academic Physiatrists (AAP) Residency and Fellowship Program Directors Council convened a workgroup consisting of program directors, program coordinators, residents, and medical students who reviewed the available literature to provide an evidence-based set of best practices for program leaders and applicants. Available data from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) and its relevance to future recruitment cycles is also discussed.
Evidence-based practice education in physical medicine and rehabilitation residency programs: A Canadian national survey
Authors: Kumbhare Dinesh , Rizzo John Ross , Bean Allison , Annaswamy Thiru ,   and the AAP Research Committee:
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
The current extent and quality of evidence based practice (EBP) training for physiatrists is unclear at this time. Training of EBP is also available to residents in Canada. The extent, quality and impact of the training was explored.

Design
Cohort study Results: about half of the Canadian programs reported a formal EBP curriculum. The most frequently reported method of providing EBP education were resident participation in journal club.

Conclusions
Despite the increasing integration of EBP into residency program education, there remains a critical lack of knowledge and skills for implementation of EBP into clinical practice among Canadian PM&R residency programs.
Results From a Pilot Study of an Automated Directly Observed Therapy Intervention Using Artificial Intelligence With Conditional Economic Incentives Among Young Adults With HIV
Authors: Stoner Marie C. D. , Smith Louis , Ming Kristin , Mancuso Noah , Patani Henna , Sukhija-Cohen Adam , Granados Yancy , Wagner Danielle , Johnson Mallory O. , Napierala Sue , Neilands Torsten B. , Saberi Parya 
Published: February 2024

Background:Despite improvements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) availability, suboptimal adherence is common among youth with HIV (YWH) and can increase drug resistance and poor clinical outcomes. Our study examined an innovative mobile app-based intervention that used automated directly observed therapy (aDOT) using artificial intelligence, along with conditional economic incentives (CEIs) to improve ART adherence and enhance viral suppression among YWH.Setting:We conducted a pilot study of the aDOT-CEI intervention, informed by the operant framework of Key Principles in Contingency Management Implementation, to improve ART adherence among YWH (18–29) in California and Florida who had an unsuppressed HIV viral load.Methods:We recruited 28 virally unsuppressed YWH from AIDS Healthcare Foundation clinics, who used the aDOT platform for 3 months. Study outcomes included feasibility and acceptability, self-reported ART adherence, and HIV viral load.Results:Participants reported high satisfaction with the app (91%), and 82% said that it helped them take their medication. Comfort with the security and privacy of the app was moderate (55%), and 59% indicated the incentives helped improve daily adherence.Conclusions:Acceptability and feasibility of the aDOT-CEI intervention were high with potential to improve viral suppression, although some a priori metrics were not met. Pilot results suggest refinements which may improve intervention outcomes, including increased incentive amounts, provision of additional information, and reassurance about app privacy and security. Additional research is recommended to test the efficacy of the aDOT-CEI intervention to improve viral suppression in a larger sample.
Age-associated B cell infiltration in salivary glands represents a hallmark of Sjögren’s-like disease in aging mice
Authors: Bagavant Harini , Durslewicz Justyna , Pyclik Marcelina , Makuch Magdalena , Papinska Joanna A. , Deshmukh Umesh S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSjögren’s disease (SjD), characterized by circulating autoantibodies and exocrine gland inflammation, is typically diagnosed in women over 50 years of age. However, the contribution of age to SjD pathogenesis is unclear. C57BL/6 female mice at different ages were studied to investigate how aging influences the dynamics of salivary gland inflammation. Salivary glands were characterized for immune cell infiltration, inflammatory gene expression, oxidative stress, and saliva production. At 8 months, gene expression of several chemokines involved in immune cell trafficking was significantly elevated. At this age, Age-associated B cells (ABCs), a unique subset of B cells expressing the myeloid markers CD11b and/or CD11c, were preferentially enriched in the salivary glands compared to other organs like the spleen or liver. The salivary gland ABCs increased with age and positively correlated with increased CD4 T follicular helper cells. By 14 months, lymphocytic foci of well-organized T and B cells spontaneously developed in the salivary glands. In addition, the mice progressively developed high titers of serum autoantibodies. A subset of aged mice developed salivary gland dysfunction mimicking SjD patients. Our data demonstrates that aging is a significant confounding factor for SjD. Thus, aged female C57BL/6 mice are more appropriate and a valuable preclinical model for investigating SjD pathogenesis and novel therapeutic interventions.
Maternal and Neonatal Colonization with Multidrug Resistant and Extended Spectrum ß-Lactamase ProducingEscherichia coliandKlebsiella pneumoniaein a Cameroonian Labour Ward
Authors: Njeuna Axelle , Founou Luria Leslie , Founou Raspail Carrel , Koudoum Patrice Landry , Mbossi Aurelia , Blocker Ariel , Bentley Stephen D. , Sone Lucien Etame 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEscherichia coliandKlebsiella pneumoniaerank among the primary bacterial culprits in neonatal infections and fatalities in sub-Saharan Africa. This study sought to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic features ofEscherichia coliandKlebsiella pneumoniaein a labour ward in Yaoundé, Cameroon.MethodsA prospective and cross-sectional study spanning five months, from February 21 to June 30, 2022. Recto-vaginal swabs were obtained from expectant mothers, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from their babies. The samples were cultured on eosin methylene blue agar and isolates identified using the Enterosystem 18R kit. Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) production was assessed using CHROMAgar ESBL™ and the double disc synergy test. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect ß-lactamase genesblaSHV,blaCTX-MandblaTEM. ERIC-PCR was used to assess the clonal relatedness of isolates.ResultsE. coliwas predominantly found in pregnant women (81%) and neonates (55%) whileK. pneumoniaepredominated in healthcare workers. Almost all pregnant women (90%) were colonized by one or more multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates with 52% being concomitantly ESBL producers. Altogether, 22 neonates were positive forE. coliand/orK. pneumoniaeand 19 (91%) were colonized by a MDR isolate. TheblaCTX-M(75%) was the leading ß-lactamase gene detected.ConclusionOur study suggests that MDR- and ESBL-E. coliandK. pneumoniaeare circulating at high prevalence in labour Yaoundé. It emphasizes the necessity for strict infection prevention and control measures in conjunction with effective antimicrobial stewardship in the country.