bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsive soft actuators with MXene nanomaterials
Authors: Ma Shaoshuai , Xue Pan , Tang Yuqi , Bi Ran , Xu Xinhua , Wang Ling , Li Quan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCompared with traditional rigid actuators, soft actuators exhibit a large number of advantages, including enhanced flexibility, reconfigurability, and adaptability, which motivate us to develop artificial soft actuators with widespread applications. Soft actuators with MXene nanomaterials are regarded as highly promising candidates for advancing the development of bioinspired soft robotics as a consequence of their unprecedented physicochemical characteristics, such as high electronic conductivity, thermal conductivity, photothermal conversion capability, and abundant surface functional groups. Herein, a comprehensive overview of the recent advancement of soft actuators with MXene nanomaterials and their extensive applications from the perspective of bioinspiration is provided. First, synthetic methods of MXene and their properties are briefly summarized. Subsequently, soft actuators with MXene nanomaterials (including photoresponsive soft actuators, electroresponsive soft actuators, and chemoresponsive soft actuators) are sequentially investigated with a focus on the fabrication approaches, actuation properties, underlying mechanisms, and promising applications. At the end, the future challenges and opportunities for the rapid development of soft actuators with MXene nanomaterials are discussed.
Research on the adsorption rule of porous media on supersaturated total dissolved gas
Authors: Wang Chonglin , Yuan Youquan , Feng Jingjie , Wang Zhenhua , Wang Yuanming , Li Ran 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDischarge of high dams may result in supersaturated total dissolved gas (TDG) in water, which could cause fish that live downstream river to suffer from gas bubble disease. If supersaturated TDG water was taken as a water source for breeding and proliferation stations, farmed fish was confined and may face more severe problems than fish living in the river. Therefore, it is critical to develop strategies to reduce the negative effects of supersaturated TDG. In this research, the adsorption effect of porous media on supersaturated TDG was explored, including biofilter adsorption experiments and previously existing activated carbon adsorption experiments. The experimental results showed that adding porous media to the water effectively accelerated the dissipation of supersaturated TDG, and the adsorption effect was associated with the specific surface area, mass density, and initial TDG saturation. To quantitively evaluate the adsorption effects of the porous media, the porous adsorption coefficient was proposed to express the adsorption rate of porous media on supersaturated TDG. The porous adsorption coefficient was related to the initial TDG saturation and the specific surface area of the porous media. The porous adsorption coefficient increased with increasing the specific surface area and decreasing initial TDG saturation. Based on this, an equation related to the specific surface area, initial TDG saturation, and the porous adsorption coefficient was developed. This equation may be used to evaluate the adsorption effect of porous media on supersaturated TDG. This study could serve as a crucial resource in reducing the adverse impacts of supersaturated TDG.
Water level recognition based on deep learning and character interpolation strategy for stained water gauge
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Li Zhong , Zhang Yanwei , An Guocheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDue to the diversity of climate and environment in China, the frequent occurrence of extreme rainfall events has brought great challenges to flood prevention. Water level measurement is one of the important research topics of flood prevention. Recently, the image‐based water level recognition method has become an important part of water level measurement research due to its advantages in easy installation, low cost, and zero need of manual reading. However, there are two mainly shortcomings of the existing image‐based water level recognition methods: (1) severely affected by light intensity and (2) low accuracy of water level recognition for stained water gauges. To solve these two problems, this paper proposes a water level recognition method in consideration of complex scenarios. This method first uses a semantic segmentation convolutional neural network to extract the water gauge mask, and then uses the YOLOv5 object detection network to extract the letter “E” on the water gauge. Based on the character sequence inspection strategy, the algorithm dynamically compensates for the missed detection of characters of stained water gauges. Through a large number of experiments, the proposed water level measurement method has good robustness in complex scenarios, meeting the needs of flash flood defense.
A PVC‐Membrane Cationic Surfactant Sensitive Potentiometric Sensor: Potentiometric Determination of Dodecyltrimethyl Ammonium Ion
Authors: Yalcin Belgin , Coldur Fatih , Caglar Bulent , Topcu Cihan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA potentiometric poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane cationic surfactant‐selective sensor based on a dodecyltrimethylammonium‐phosphotungstate ion pair as an electroactive material was suggested for the determination of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide. Membrane optimization studies revealed that the PVC membrane in the composition of 0.5 % dodecyltrimethylammonium‐phosphotungstate ion pair, 69.5 % o‐nitrophenyloctylether and 30.0 % PVC displayed the best potentiometric performance properties. The sensor exhibited a linear response to dodecyltrimethylammonium ions in the concentration range of 1.0×10−6–1.0×10−2 mol L−1 with a detection limit and sensitivity of 5.0×10−7 mol L−1 and 56.6 mV/decade, respectively. The response of the sensor to dodecyltrimethylammonium cation was quite stable, sensitive, selective and rapid (<10 s). The life span of the sensor was found to be about 3 months. The analytical applications of the sensor were successfully carried out with the developed sensor as an indicator electrode for the determination of the end‐point of dodecyltrimethylammonium ions titration and dodecyltrimethylammonium contents of synthetic water samples.
Synergistic Aqueous Biphasic Separation of No‐Carrier‐Added 71,72As from a Gallium Oxide Target Using Green Tea Polyphenols
Authors: Mitra Sayantani , Naskar Nabanita , Lahiri Susanta , Chaudhuri Punarbasu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEnvironmentally benign aqueous biphasic separation (ABS) techniques have been developed to separate no‐carrier added (NCA) 71,72As from 46 MeV α‐particles irradiated gallium oxide target. Catechins were isolated from green tea leaves as a nature resourced chemical. Efficacy of catechins on aqueous biphasic separation of NCA 71,72As from bulk gallium was studied at best conditions and found that catechin acted as synergistic agent in the ABS system. Bulk gallium was preferentially extracted into the PEG+ catechins phase (wherein 2 M Na‐malonate was used as salt‐rich phase) with a separation factor of 2.06×103 leaving 71,72As in the salt rich phase. At this condition, 90 % 71,72As was retained in the salt rich phase with bulk gallium contamination less than 0.5 %.
Exploring the Hydrogen Storage Performance of MgH2 Catalyzed by Two Transition Metals Ni and Co by In‐situ Calorimetry and Density Functional Theory Calculations
Authors: Yu Hao , Fu Yuanyi , Jian Congcong , Xi Senliang , Han Zongying , Fu Min , Chen Wei , Yang Yanru , Ning Liangmin , Gao Meng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAddressing the drawbacks of magnesium‐based hydrogen storage materials with high thermal stability and slow kinetics of hydrogen absorption and discharge remains a current research challenge. In this paper, MgH2 catalyzed by Ni and Co has been prepared by ball milling. The hydrogen storage performance of the 90MgH2+5Ni+5Co composite has been investigated using common techniques, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and pressure‐composition‐isothermal (PCI) method. Furthermore, the main focus of the study was to investigate the changes in dehydrogenation enthalpy of MgH2 upon addition of Ni and Co, and the bonding mode during the dehydrogenation process of MgH2 and the dissociation energy barrier of hydrogen molecules on the surface of Mg were calculated using density functional theory. The results showed that the dehydrogenation activation energy of 90MgH2+5Ni+5Co decreased by 55.9 kJ/mol compared with that of MgH2. The dehydrogenation enthalpies of as‐milled MgH2 and 90MgH2+5Ni+5Co were 64.8 kJ/mol H2 and 63.4 kJ/mol H2, respectively. Thus the co‐doping of Ni and Co contributed significantly to decrease the thermodynamic stability and improve the hydrogen sorption kinetic properties of MgH2.
Multifunctional Effects of Biguanide Derivative in the Application of Highly Efficient Tin‐Lead Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kong Tengfei , Zhang Yang , Liu Xufu , Bi Dongqin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTin‐lead (Sn‐Pb) mixed perovskites is beneficial to a single‐junction or all‐perovskite tandem device. However, the poor quality of the perovskite surface resulting from Sn2+ oxidation and uncontrollable crystallization degrades device performance and stability. Herein, based on interface engineering, a novel biguanide derivative of PZBGACl is employed that integrates different types of N‐related groups to reconstruct the surface/grain boundaries of Sn‐Pb perovskite. Combined with the microcorrosion effect of isopropanol solvent, PZBGACl can induce surface recrystallization of perovskite, and passivate various types of defects via hydrogen bond or Lewis acid‐base interaction, leading to an excellent perovskite film with reduced stress, larger grain size, and more n‐type surface. As a result, the obtained Sn‐Pb solar cell achieves a power conversion efficiency of 22.0%, and exhibits excellent N2 storage/operation stability.
Synergistic Integration of Amorphous Cobalt Phosphide with a Conductive Channel for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Qi Ruikai , Wang Zhiwei , Zhong Mengxiao , Wang Ce , Bai Fuquan , Lu Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia (NO3RR) is regarded as a viable alternative reaction to “Haber Bosch” process. Nevertheless, it remains a major challenge to explore economical and efficient electrocatalysts that deliver high NH3 yield rates and Faraday efficiencies (FE). Here, it demonstrates the fabrication of a 3D core‐shell structured Co‐carbon nanofibers (CNF)/ZIF‐CoP for NO3RR application. Benefitting from the distinct electron transport property of Co‐CNF and desirable mass transfer ability from amorphous CoP framework, the as‐prepared Co‐CNF/ZIF‐CoP exhibits large NH3 FE (96.8 ± 3.4% at −0.1 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) and high yield rate (38.44 ± 0.65 mg cm−2 h−1 at −0.6 V vs RHE), which are better than Co‐CNF/ZIF‐crystal CoP. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further reveal that amorphous CoP presents a lower energy barrier in the rate determination step of the protonation of *NO to produce *NOH intermediates compared with crystal CoP, resulting in a superior NO3RR performance. Eventually, an aqueous galvanic Zn–NO3− battery is assembled by using Co‐CNF/ZIF‐CoP as cathode material to achieve efficient production of NH3 whilst simultaneously supplying electrical power. This work offers a reliable strategy to construct amorphous metal phosphide framework on conducting CNF as efficient electrocatalyst and enriches its promising application for NO3RR.
Constructing Carbon Nanotube‐Enhanced Ultra‐Thin Organic Compounds with Multi‐Redox Sites for “All‐Temperature” Potassium‐Ion Battery Anode and its Step‐Wise K‐Storage Mechanism
Authors: Peng Qianqian , Sun Yi , Wang Lei , Dong Hanghang , Wang Haichao , Xiao Yao , Chou Shulei , Xu Yi , Wang Yong , Chen Shuangqiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrganic compounds are regarded as important candidates for potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) due to their light elements, controllable polymerization, and tunable functional groups. However, intrinsic drawbacks largely restrict their application, including possible solubility in electrolytes, poor conductivity, and low diffusion coefficients. To address these issues, an ultrathin layered pyrazine/carbonyl‐rich material (CT) is synthesized via an acid‐catalyzed solvothermal reaction and homogeneously grown on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), marked as CT@CNT. Such materials have shown good features of exposing functional groups to guest ions and good electron transport paths, exhibiting high reversible capacity and remarkable rate capability over a wide temperature range. Two typical electrolytes are compared, demonstrating that the electrolyte of LX‐146 is more suitable to maximize the electrochemical performances of electrodes at different temperatures. A stepwise reaction mechanism of K‐chelating with C═O and C═N functional groups is proposed, verified by in/ex situ spectroscopic techniques and theoretical calculations, illustrating that pyrazines and carbonyls play the main roles in reacting with K+ cations, and CNTs promote conductivity and restrain electrode dissolution. This study provides new insights to understand the K‐storage behaviors of organic compounds and their “all‐temperature” application.
Cybernetics of large social systems: The example of economics
Authors: Medvedeva Tatiana A. , Umpleby Stuart A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen attempting to manage a large social system, it is necessary to have an overview of how the society functions and how economic theories describe this functioning. Recent discussions of higher orders of cybernetics are helping to define a multi‐disciplinary, multi‐level point of view. Knowledge from several disciplines is needed—systems science, management, engineering, cognitive studies and the various social science disciplines all have contributions to make. In this paper, we apply cybernetic ideas to further develop economic theories. The paper also uses economics to illustrate ideas in cybernetics. Similar thinking can be applied to other disciplines thus advancing the unification of science. The paper illustrates a transdisciplinary approach to knowledge development. The implications of the paper are improved understanding among scholars from several disciplines. The intent is to expand the range of conceptual possibilities available for problem‐solving.
Chemical Processing and Various Applications of Starch Extracted from Avocado Seeds: A Step towards Sustainable Food Waste Management
Authors: Hassan Safia , Kabir Muhammad Hanzala , Mazhar Danial , Imran Zahid , Rehman Abdul , Afzal Sumra , Aminullah Syed , Bibi Sidra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA sustainable food waste management methodology has been proposed for the discarded seeds of avocados (Persia Americana mill) where starch is extracted from the seeds through a microwave assisted heating process using only water, and this starch is modified through chemical treatment into acrylamide starch and carboxymethylated starch. Native as well as modified variants of starch are characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which confirms the extraction of native starch and its chemical modification. The extracted and modified variants are then analyzed for their antioxidant properties against oxidative stress by checking their scavenging activity against DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl). Moreover, the three variants of starch are tested for hemolytic activity in order to determine whether they are harmful to human blood, finally these three variants are checked for their activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus bacteria, the root cause in most cases of bacterial infection in humans. The starch variants are found to be excellent antioxidants and all three starch variants indicate a very low hemolytic activity and significant antibacterial activity in comparison to widely used antibiotic Ciproflaxin. All these results indicate that avocado seeds waste can be an excellent non‐conventional source of starch that can be used for sustainable applications in food and pharmaceutical industries.
What About Words? Activism and Cultural Change in the Amsterdam Museum
Authors: Delhaye Christine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOn 12 September 2019, the Amsterdam Museum announced that it would change the title of its (semi-)permanent exhibition Portrait Gallery of the Golden Age to Portrait Gallery of the seventeenth Century. The museum decided to dispose of the term Golden Age because it frames the Dutch history from a celebratory nationalist perspective and obscures the aggressive mercantile and colonial aspects. This chapter aims to analyse the process that led to the Amsterdam Museum abandoning the term. In the Dutch museum world and in the Amsterdam Museum more specifically, a process of change in the hegemonic “regimes of representation” had been going on for quite some years. Yet, the final blow that led to the decision to no longer use the term Golden Age was given by an activist with a migration background. The chapter focuses on the meaning of the strategic intervention of the activist and on how he was able to mobilise the museum to take action in such a way as to publicly contest a deeply ingrained representation of Dutch history and culture.
Isoptic surfaces of segments in $$\textbf{S}^2\!\times \!\textbf{R}$$ and $$\textbf{H}^2\!\times \!\textbf{R}$$ geometries
Authors: Csima Géza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, we examine the isoptic surfaces of line segments in the $$\textbf{S}^2\!\times \!\textbf{R}$$

S
2

×

R

and $$\textbf{H}^2\!\times \!\textbf{R}$$

H
2

×

R

geometries, which are from the 8 Thurston geometries. Based on the procedure first described in Csima and Szirmai (Results Math 78:194-19, 2023), we are able to give the isoptic surface of any segment implicitly. We rely heavily on the calculations published in Szirmai (Bul Acad Ştiinţe Repub Mold Mat 2:44–61, 2020; Q J Math 73:477–494, 2022). As a special case, we examine the Thales sphere in both geometries, which are called Thaloid. In our work we will use the projective model of $$\textbf{S}^2\!\times \!\textbf{R}$$

S
2

×

R

and $$\textbf{H}^2\!\times \!\textbf{R}$$

H
2

×

R

described by Molnár (Beitr Algebra Geom 38:261–288, 1997).
Robot, let us pray! Can and should robots have religious functions? An ethical exploration of religious robots
Authors: Puzio Anna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConsiderable progress is being made in robotics, with robots being developed for many different areas of life: there are service robots, industrial robots, transport robots, medical robots, household robots, sex robots, exploration robots, military robots, and many more. As robot development advances, an intriguing question arises: should robots also encompass religious functions? Religious robots could be used in religious practices, education, discussions, and ceremonies within religious buildings. This article delves into two pivotal questions, combining perspectives from philosophy and religious studies: can and should robots have religious functions? Section 2 initiates the discourse by introducing and discussing the relationship between robots and religion. The core of the article (developed in Sects. 3 and 4) scrutinizes the fundamental questions: can robots possess religious functions, and should they? After an exhaustive discussion of the arguments, benefits, and potential objections regarding religious robots, Sect. 5 addresses the lingering ethical challenges that demand attention. Section 6 presents a discussion of the findings, outlines the limitations of this study, and ultimately responds to the dual research question. Based on the study’s results, brief criteria for the development and deployment of religious robots are proposed, serving as guidelines for future research. Section 7 concludes by offering insights into the future development of religious robots and potential avenues for further research.
Simultaneous PIV–LIF measurements using RuPhen and a color camera
Authors: Shah Jiggar , Mucignat Claudio , Lunati Ivan , Rösgen Thomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParticle image velocimetry (PIV) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) are currently state-of-the-art, non-intrusive measurement techniques that help in our understanding of heat and momentum transfer in thermal fluid flow applications. We present a simplified, integrated PIV–LIF system which simultaneously measures velocity and temperature fields in aqueous flows by means of a novel fluorescent dye (RuPhen), a low-cost continuous-wave diode laser, and a single color camera. We demonstrate that RuPhen is well-suited for this approach due to its peak absorption at 450 nm, peak emission at 605 nm, and a strong temperature-dependent emission with a sensitivity coefficient of $$4\%/^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$

4
%

/
∘

C

. The large Stokes shift between excitation (which also includes Mie scattering of the flow tracers) and the emission facilitates the handling of the signal components in the RGB channels of the camera. To correct the recordings for laser power fluctuations, we propose a novel method that jointly employs two photoluminescence signals. We provide a spectral characterization of the dye at different temperatures and discuss the choice of each component for our measurement system. We demonstrate the potential of our approach by two experimental test cases that focus on thermally driven and turbulent flow regimes.
High-order schemes based on extrapolation for semilinear fractional differential equation
Authors: Yang Yuhui , Green Charles Wing Ho , Pani Amiya K. , Yan Yubin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBy rewriting the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative as Hadamard finite-part integral and with the help of piecewise quadratic interpolation polynomial approximations, a numerical scheme is developed for approximating the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative of order $$\alpha \in (1,2).$$

α
∈
(
1
,
2
)
.

The error has the asymptotic expansion $$ \big ( d_{3} \tau ^{3- \alpha } + d_{4} \tau ^{4-\alpha } + d_{5} \tau ^{5-\alpha } + \cdots \big ) + \big ( d_{2}^{*} \tau ^{4} + d_{3}^{*} \tau ^{6} + d_{4}^{*} \tau ^{8} + \cdots \big ) $$

(

d
3

τ

3
-
α

+

d
4

τ

4
-
α

+

d
5

τ

5
-
α

+
⋯

)

+

(

d

2

∗

τ
4

+

d

3

∗

τ
6

+

d

4

∗

τ
8

+
⋯

)

at any fixed time $$t_{N}= T, N \in {\mathbb {Z}}^{+}$$

t
N

=
T
,
N
∈

Z

+

, where $$d_{i}, i=3, 4,\ldots $$

d
i

,
i
=
3
,
4
,
…

and $$d_{i}^{*}, i=2, 3,\ldots $$

d

i

∗

,
i
=
2
,
3
,
…

denote some suitable constants and $$\tau = T/N$$

τ
=
T
/
N

denotes the step size. Based on this discretization, a new scheme for approximating the linear fractional differential equation of order $$\alpha \in (1,2)$$

α
∈
(
1
,
2
)

is derived and its error is shown to have a similar asymptotic expansion. As a consequence, a high-order scheme for approximating the linear fractional differential equation is obtained by extrapolation. Further, a high-order scheme for approximating a semilinear fractional differential equation is introduced and analyzed. Several numerical experiments are conducted to show that the numerical results are consistent with our theoretical findings.