bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical and corrosion properties of nano ZrC reinforced FeCrAl alloys
Authors: Ma Zhenyu , Zhang Yupeng , An Xuguang , Zhang Jing , Kong Qingquan , Wang Hui , Yao Weitang , Wang Qingyuan 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of nano ZrC particles on the mechanical and electrochemical corrosion properties of FeCrAl alloys, providing a beneficial reference basis for the development of high-performance carbide reinforced FeCrAl alloys with good mechanical and corrosion properties in the future.

Design/methodology/approach
Nano ZrC reinforced FeCrAl alloys were prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Phases composition, tensile fractography, corrosion morphology and chemical composition of nano ZrC reinforced FeCrAl alloys were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. Microhardness and tensile properties of nano ZrC reinforced FeCrAl alloys were investigated by mechanical testing machine and Vickers hardness tester. Electrochemical corrosion properties of nano ZrC reinforced FeCrAl alloys were investigated by electrochemical workstation in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.

Findings
The results showed that addition of nano ZrC can effectively improve the mechanical and corrosion properties. However, excessive nano ZrC could decrease the mechanical properties and reduce the corrosion resistance. In all the FeCrAl alloys, FeCrAl–0.6 wt.% ZrC alloy exhibits the optimum mechanical properties with an ultimate tensile strength, elongation and hardness of 990.7 MPa, 24.1% and 335.8 HV1, respectively, and FeCrAl–0.2 wt.% ZrC alloy has a lower corrosion potential (−0.179 V) and corrosion current density (2.099 µA/cm2) and larger pitting potential (0.497 V) than other FeCrAl–ZrC alloys, showing a better corrosion resistance.

Originality/value
Adding proper nano ZrC particles can effectively improve the mechanical and corrosion properties, while the excessive nano ZrC is harmful to the mechanical and corrosion properties of FeCrAl alloys, which provides an instruction to develop high-performance FeCrAl cladding materials.
Construction of the new development dynamic and development of digital economy: internal logic and policy focus
Authors: Yang Hutao 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe integration of the digital economy and the real economy has been a key focus in promoting digital economic development. It denotes a comprehensive digital transformation of national economic activities regarding technological infrastructure and production modes, which is crucial for establishing a modern economic system, advancing industrial infrastructure and modernizing industrial chains.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, the study delves into the internal logic behind the emergence of the new development dynamic resulting from digital technology's evolution. Secondly, it explores the mechanism of mutual promotion and support between the new development dynamic and the digital economy based on China's shift in focus from international engagement to the domestic economy during different stages of industrialization. Subsequently, it analyzes the characteristics and critical factors of digital economy development and examines the macro-, meso- and micro-level constraints on these factors. Finally, the paper explores approaches to promoting digital economy development while constructing the new development dynamic and provides relevant policy suggestions.FindingsThe construction of the new development dynamic and the development of the digital economy are inextricably linked, and only by mutually reinforcing each other can they provide an inexhaustible impetus for China's high-quality economic development.Originality/valueThe new development dynamic and the digital economy development form an indivisible whole. The new development dynamic creates the necessary conditions for digital economy development and promotes the formation of digital production modes. In turn, the development of the digital economy should strive to improve the mainstay position of the domestic economy, enhance the synergy between the domestic economy and international engagement, upgrade value chains while improving the supply and the industrial chains in China and ensure a parallel increase in labor income alongside improved productivity.
Artificial night‐time lighting and nutrient enrichment synergistically favour the growth of alien ornamental plant species over co‐occurring native plants
Authors: Kawawa Abonyo Calvince R. , Oduor Ayub M. O. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Insights into ecological drivers of alien plant invasions can be gained through comparative studies of growth and fecundity of invasive alien plants versus those of co‐occurring non‐invasive alien plants and native plants across environmental conditions in common garden settings. Habitats that harbour alien plant species in many ecosystems globally are presently experiencing light pollution resulting from artificial light at night (ALAN) and increased rates of nutrient enrichment of the soil. However, the potential interactive effects of ALAN and nutrient enrichment on invasiveness of alien plant species remain unknown.

Here, we performed a common‐garden experiment to test the interactive effects of ALAN and soil nutrient enrichment on the growth of a random set of ten alien (five invasive and five non‐invasive naturalized) and seven co‐occurring native ornamental plant species that are commonly cultivated within urban and peri‐urban areas of Nairobi city in Kenya. We predicted that a simultaneous increase in photoperiod via ALAN and nutrient enrichment will favour growth of invasive alien plant species over that of non‐invasive alien and native plant species. We grew the 17 plant species under natural daylight (ALAN−) versus natural daylight followed by ALAN (ALAN+) and fully crossed with two levels of nutrient enrichment (low vs. high) and competition (competition vs. no‐competition against a native plant Ocimum gratissimum) treatments.

Under simultaneous high‐nutrient and no‐competition treatments, ALAN enhanced mean total biomass of invasive and non‐invasive naturalized alien species by 61.1% and 131.4%, respectively but decreased that of native plant species by 34%. In contrast, under simultaneous high‐nutrient and competition treatments, ALAN enhanced mean total biomass of invasive alien plant species by 68.6% and that of non‐invasive naturalized alien species by 51.9% and native species by 35.4%. High‐nutrient treatment enhanced flower formation more strongly in invasive and non‐invasive naturalized alien plants than in native plants. The invasive and non‐invasive naturalized alien species grew taller than native species across the light, nutrient, and competition treatments.

Synthesis: The present findings suggest that light pollution and nutrient enrichment may jointly confer growth advantage to invasive alien plant species over that of co‐occurring native plant species and enhance invasiveness of alien plant species.
Advances in commingled human remains analysis between 2014 and 2023
Authors: Palmiotto Andrea , Maijanen Heli , LeGarde Carrie B. , Ingvoldstad Megan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study reviews recent advances in osteometric, genetic, geochemical, and digital modeling applications since 2014 to demonstrate the expanded range of analyses and skeletal elements that can be used to separate individuals from commingled contexts. While traditional methods remain foundational to commingling resolution, new advances allow increased individuation, identification of human versus non‐human remains, and an amplified scale of assemblages that can be analyzed. This summary offers ways for practitioners to consider the juxtaposition of analytical goals, time, financial concerns, and methods when managing commingled assemblages. Forensic anthropology and bioarchaeology case studies illustrate differences related to application of methods in terms of recovery environments, project goals, and recovered materials. Whether the goal is to isolate and individuate only major elements or as many bones as possible, in nearly all cases, it is best practice to combine several types of methods to fulfill the project scope within the established parameters. This review can help practitioners identify the most appropriate analytical protocols and methods for their projects.
Whatever Happened to the Australian Role in the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership?
Authors: Reynolds Wayne 
Published: December 2023

In 2003, Iraq was invaded, ostensibly to remove a nuclear threat, by a coalition led by George W. Bush. At the same time select allies were invitited to participate in Bush's Global Nuclear Energy Partnership which aimed to limit the spread of nuclear enrichment and reprocessing. This came as climate change gave emphasis to the development of nuclear energy, especially in Asia. With an abundant supply of uranium and strict nuclear safeguards, Australia was well placed to provide a site for the full suite of nuclear services. The recent AUKUS nuclear submarine agreement has underscored its failure to do so. This article makes the case for the adoption of nuclear power as a necessary step in the development of advanced manufacturing; the provision of a domestic capability to fuel nuclear attack submarines and other naval craft; and as a contribution to global nuclear non‐proliferation.
A queer footnote
Authors: Hegarty Benjamin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnthropological accounts of sexual and gendered difference often serve the role of footnotes that buttress and even expand the reach of Euro‐American concepts. In contrast to this contained role for anthropology, queer footnotes can push the discipline toward more capacious and experimental engagements with powerful knowledge. In 2020, governments around the world introduced lockdowns and border‐control measures in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. This was the case in Australia, where I undertook fieldwork with trans‐ and queer Indonesians living in Melbourne. In Australia, COVID‐19 public health measures paralleled and exacerbated migration restrictions on people living with HIV and the criminalization of sex work. Asian, queer, trans‐, and sex worker bodies were addressed as a moral and physiological contagion. Queer anthropology is good for maintaining a critical ethnographic focus on how the state governs through a racial biopolitics of containment, and generates concepts for public health that shift the focus from security to care.
Anthropology at sea
Authors: Dua Jatin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEthnography remains central as a form and location of knowledge production in anthropology. Given this weaving together of ethnography and anthropology, to ask, what good is anthropology?, is also to ask, what good is ethnography? Taking apart two of the guiding metaphors for ethnography—fieldwork and immersion—allows us to explore a distinction that undergirds them: that between land and sea. While the field in fieldwork has been heavily theorized, immersion often appears as a metaphor to signal anthropological legitimacy. But for those who are at sea, immersion is not just metaphor but materiality. For objects to be immersed at sea requires an understanding of displacement and buoyancy. Beyond dislocation, displacement produces the buoyancy essential to navigation. Thinking through this principle allows for an ethnographic practice attuned not only to the frictions of contemporary life but also to how displacement moves forward, in unequal and haphazard ways, but forward, nonetheless.
Targeting persistent fatigue with tailored versus generic self‐management strategies in adolescents and young adults with a fatigue syndrome or rheumatic condition: A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Vroegindeweij Anouk , Wulffraat Nico M. , Van De Putte Elise M. , De Jong Hanne B. T. , Lucassen Desiree A. , Swart Joost F. , Nijhof Sanne L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the use of two self‐management intervention strategies for persistent fatigue in adolescents and young adults with a fatigue syndrome or rheumatic condition.DesignA randomized crossover trial administering tailored lifestyle advice and generic dietary advice, each 12 weeks, with a four‐week washout period between.MethodsSixty participants (aged 12–29) were included. Tailoring was achieved through the PROfeel method. Dietary guidelines were conceptualized by the Netherlands Nutrition Centre. Questionnaires were used pre–post‐interventions to measure primary outcome ‘fatigue severity’ (Checklist Individual Strength‐8) and secondary outcomes ‘self‐efficacy’ (Self‐Efficacy Scale‐28) and ‘quality of life’ (QoL) (Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0). Feasibility and adherence were self‐rated on a scale of 1 to 10 (low to high). Linear mixed modelling was used to assess change over time, compare strategy effectiveness and study the impact of intervention order.ResultsFatigue severity, self‐efficacy and QoL regarding ‘physical’ and ‘emotional’ functioning improved significantly over time (all p < .015). The average improvement of the two QoL subscales was clinically relevant, as was the fatigue improvement in 20 out of 46 participants who completed the trial and 5 dropouts. The interventions were equally effective, and intervention order did not impact the improvement level (prange = .242–.984). The self‐management strategies received similar feasibility (M = 6.45, SD = 1.91) and adherence (M = 7.67, SD = 1.67) ratings.ConclusionsAs small to clinically relevant improvements were observed, self‐management strategies might be particularly useful to bridge waiting time for guided treatments such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.
Incidence and outcomes of fever of unknown origin after kidney transplant in the modern era
Authors: Jorgenson Margaret R. , Parajuli Sandesh , Kleiboeker Hanna L. , Felix Daniel C. , Astor Brad C. , Saddler Christopher M. , Smith Jeannina A. , Mandelbrot Didier A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile presumably less common with modern molecular diagnostic and imaging techniques, fever of unknown origin (FUO) remains a challenge in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Additionally, the impact of FUO on patient and graft survival is poorly described.MethodsA cohort of adult KTRs between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2018 was followed at the University of Wisconsin Hospital. Patients transplanted from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2005 were included in the “early era”; patients transplanted from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2018 were included in the “modern era”. The primary objective was to describe the epidemiology and etiology of FUO diagnoses over time. Secondary outcomes included rejection, graft and patient survival.ResultsThere were 5590 kidney transplants at our center during the study window. FUO was identified in 323 patients with an overall incidence rate of .8/100 person‐years. Considering only the first 3 years after transplant, the incidence of FUO was significantly lower in the modern era than in the early era, with an Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) per 100 person‐years of .48; 95% CI: .35–.63; p < .001. A total of 102 (31.9%) of 323 patients had an etiology determined within 90 days after FUO diagnosis: 100 were infectious, and two were malignancies. In the modern era, FUO remained significantly associated with rejection (HR = 44.1; 95% CI: 16.6–102; p < .001) but not graft failure (HR = 1.21; 95% CI: .68–2.18; p = .52) total graft loss (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: .85–1.62; p = .34), or death (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: .79–1.76; p = .43.Conclusions:FUO is less common in KTRs during the modern era. Our study suggests infection remains the most common etiology. FUO remains associated with significant increases in risk of rejection, warranting further inquiry into the management of immunosuppressive medications in SOT recipients in the setting of FUO.
Coparenting and intimate partner violence
Authors: Hardesty Jennifer L. , Ogolsky Brian G. , Akinbode Tanitoluwa D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health issue across the globe due to its associations with health and wellbeing, especially among mothers and children. These associations are often more pronounced following separation or divorce, which can compromise safety given that women and children are at heightened risk during these transitions. Thus, it is critical to understand the implications of coparenting in the context of IPV. In this paper, we first discuss the literature on IPV broadly. In particular, we discuss the differences between two types of violence: coercive controlling violence (i.e., violence that occurs in the context of systematic control) and situational couple violence (i.e., violence that occurs without a pattern of control). We then link it to parenting and coparenting processes as they relate to separation and divorce. In this section, we focus heavily on the ways in which the legal system affects family dynamics as divorces make their way through the courts. Special attention is paid to the ways in which IPV affects child custody decisions and the safety of those decisions given empirical evidence suggesting that raising allegations of IPV often does not help achieve favorable court outcomes. We conclude with recommendations to guide family court practitioners based upon this substantial literature. Such recommendations center on the development and implementation of empirically‐derived assessment tools as well as systematic training of legal professionals.
Long‐term warming increased carbon sequestration capacity in a humid subtropical forest
Authors: Liu Xujun , Lie Zhiyang , Reich Peter B. , Zhou Guoyi , Yan Junhua , Huang Wenjuan , Wang Yingping , Peñuelas Josep , Tissue David T. , Zhao Mengdi , Wu Ting , Wu Donghai , Xu Wenfang , Li Yuelin , Tang Xuli , Zhou Shuyidan , Meng Ze , Liu Shizhong , Chu Guowei , Zhang Deqiang , Zhang Qianmei , He Xinhua , Liu Juxiu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTropical and subtropical forests play a crucial role in global carbon (C) pools, and their responses to warming can significantly impact C‐climate feedback and predictions of future global warming. Despite earth system models projecting reductions in land C storage with warming, the magnitude of this response varies greatly between models, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Here, we conducted a field ecosystem‐level warming experiment in a subtropical forest in southern China, by translocating mesocosms (ecosystem composed of soils and plants) across 600 m elevation gradients with temperature gradients of 2.1°C (moderate warming), to explore the response of ecosystem C dynamics of the subtropical forest to continuous 6‐year warming. Compared with the control, the ecosystem C stock decreased by 3.8% under the first year of 2.1°C warming; but increased by 13.4% by the sixth year of 2.1°C warming. The increased ecosystem C stock by the sixth year of warming was mainly attributed to a combination of sustained increased plant C stock due to the maintenance of a high plant growth rate and unchanged soil C stock. The unchanged soil C stock was driven by compensating and offsetting thermal adaptation of soil microorganisms (unresponsive soil respiration and enzyme activity, and more stable microbial community), increased plant C input, and inhibitory C loss (decreased C leaching and inhibited temperature sensitivity of soil respiration) from soil drying. These results suggest that the humid subtropical forest C pool would not necessarily diminish consistently under future long‐term warming. We highlight that differential and asynchronous responses of plant and soil C processes over relatively long‐term periods should be considered when predicting the effects of climate warming on ecosystem C dynamics of subtropical forests.
Evaluating the prescribing and monitoring of medications associated with QTc‐prolongation in the ambulatory care setting
Authors: Lowe Rachel N. , Wright Garth , Olivas Lucas , Teel Candance , Suresh Krithika , Macke Laura B. , Sieja Amber , Rosenberg Michael A. , Trinkley Katy E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRationaleLittle is known about the prescribing of medications with potential to cause QTc‐prolongation in the ambulatory care settings. Understanding real‐world prescribing of QTc‐prolonging medications and actions taken to mitigate this risk will help guide strategies to optimize safety and appropriate prescribing among ambulatory patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency of clinician action taken to monitor and mitigate modifiable risk factors for QTc‐prolongation when indicated.MethodsThis retrospective, cross‐sectional study evaluated clinician action at the time of prescribing prespecified medications with potential to prolong QTc in adult patients in primary care. The index date was defined as the date the medication was ordered. Electronic health record (EHR) data were evaluated to assess patient, clinician and visit characteristics. Clinician action was determined if baseline or follow‐up monitoring was ordered or if action was taken to mitigate modifiable risk factors (laboratory abnormalities or electrocardiogram [ECG] monitoring) within 48 h of prescribing a medication with QTc‐prolonging risk. Descriptive statistics were used to describe current practice.ResultsA total of 399 prescriptions were prescribed to 386 patients, with a mean age of 51 ± 18 years, during March 2021 from a single‐centre, multisite health system. Of these, 17 (4%) patients had a known history of QTc‐prolongation, 170 (44%) did not have a documented history of QTc‐prolongation and 199 (52%) had an unknown history (no ECG documented). Thirty‐nine patients (10%) had at least one laboratory‐related risk factor at the time of prescribing, specifically hypokalemia (16 patients), hypomagnesemia (8 patients) or hypocalcemia (19 patients). Of these 39 patients with laboratory risk factors, only 6 patients (15%) had their risk acknowledged or addressed by a clinician. Additionally, eight patients' most recent QTc was ≥500 ms and none had an ECG checked at the time the prescription was ordered.ConclusionDespite national recommendations, medication monitoring and risk mitigation is infrequent when prescribing QTc‐prolonging medications in the ambulatory care setting. These findings call for additional research to better understand this gap, including reasons for the gap and consequences on patient outcomes.
The alphabet and idiosyncratic volatility
Authors: Bergers Okke , Blomkvist Magnus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe find that stocks with names earlier in an alphabetic ordering exhibit greater idiosyncratic volatility. Stocks whose names are in the first 5% of an alphabetic ordering have 4.5% higher idiosyncratic volatility relative to other stocks. To address potential concerns about early‐alphabet firms being different, we study name changes. Idiosyncratic volatility is 7% higher when a name change causes a stock to move into the first 5%. We attribute these results to noise traders being more active in early‐alphabet stocks because of heuristic‐based investing. In support of this explanation, we find that the effect is strongest during periods of high investor sentiment and among stocks with high turnover. Our results provide evidence that noise traders contribute to the idiosyncratic volatility of stocks.