bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of co-expression of c-Myc, EZH2 and p27 in prognosis of prostate cancer patients after surgery
Authors: LI Ke , CHEN Ming-kun , SITU Jie , HUANG Wen-tao , SU Zu-lan , HE Dan , GAO Xin 
Published: January 2024

Background

c-Myc, EZH2 and p27 were defined to modulate the behavior of prostate cancer with pro-tumoral or anti-tumoral effects and had ability in predicting prostate cancer progression, but the research of their co-expression value of prognosis is rarely. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of combining tri-marker together in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer after surgery.

Methods
Expression levels of c-Myc, EZH2 and p27 in 129 patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer were assessed using immunohistochemistry in a semi-quantitative manner. The expression profiles of these three markers were analyzed and investigated for association with biochemical recurrence.

Results
In all, fifty of 129 cases experienced biochemical recurrence during a median follow-up time of 31 months (range, 6-60 months). Of these relapse patients, one case without and 10 cases with any single positive marker were observed; 39 cases were detected with any two or all three positive markers (22 cases with any two and 17 cases with all three positive markers). Survival analysis showed that patients with over-expression of c-Myc or EZH2, and lower expression of p27 manifested significantly higher biochemical recurrence rates. Subsequent multivariate analysis revealed that c-Myc, EZH2 and p27 expression statuses showed potential in predicting relapse, respectively. Notably, combining three markers together as a “composite index” (0 or 1, vs. 2 or 3 positive markers) provided powerful prognostic value (HR 6.57, 95% CI 3.02-14.31, P <0.001). There was a significant difference between the patient subgroups with 0 or 1 and those with 2 or 3 positive markers expression statuses, and tri-marker composite index was an independent risk factor for predicting relapse in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer after surgery.

Conclusion
Composite index of c-Myc, EZH2, and p27 can be valued as powerful prognosis parameter for intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients after the surgery, and postoperative adjuvant therapy can be adopted accordingly.
Effects of broth culture filtrate protein of VacA+ Helicobacter pylori on the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells
Authors: ZHAO Yu-qing , GUO Tao , QIAN Jia-ming 
Published: January 2024

Background
Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) may lead to chronic inflammation of the stomach epithelium, mucosal atrophy, imbalance of proliferation and apoptosis of epithelial cells; resulting in chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and many other clinical outcomes. Why and how H. pylorus leads to gastric cancer is not clear yet. Through in vitro experiments, this study evaluated the effects of broth culture filtrate protein (BCF-P) from the supernatant of liquid culture media of H. pylori on proliferation and apoptosis of immortalized human gastric epithelial cell lines (GES-1) and gastric cancer cell lines (AGS).

Methods
For the study, GES-1 and AGS cell lines mix with BCF-P and epidermal growth factor (EGF). MTT assay and flow cytometry (FCM) determined the levels of proliferation and apoptosis. Detected expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Fas mRNA by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Also did analysis of the effects of BCF-P on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase activity of GES-1 and AGS cells by non-radioactive enzyme-linked assay. The Student’s t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analysis.

Results
BCF-P inhibited proliferation of GES-1 and AGS cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition rates are respectively 68.7% in AGS and 61.4% in GES-1. With the same dose and time for inhibiting the proliferation, BCF-P failed to induce apoptosis of GES-1 and AGS cells. Effects of BCF-P reduced the expression of Fas mRNA of GES-1 and AGS cells (P <0.05). This is consistent with the effects of EGF. BCF-P reduced the expression of COX-2 mRNA of AGS cells (P <0.05). This is opposite to the effects of EGF (P <0.05). Effects of BCF-P improved more than three times the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity of GES-1 and AGS cells.

Conclusions
BCF-P inhibited the proliferation of AGS and GES-1 cells in vitro, unrelated to apoptosis. Effects of BCF-P on gastric epithelial cells in vitro are not equivalent to that of EGF.
Efficacy and safety of alcohol sclerotherapy involving single-session multiple injections to treat simple renal cysts: a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: LI Yong-zhong , LI Ming-xing , WANG Tao , YANG Li-chuan , FENG Ping , GOU Zhong-ping , YUAN Jia-ying , ZHANG Wei 
Published: January 2024

Background
Alcohol has been used for treating simple renal cysts since 1981. Since then, various observational studies have examined the technique, but they differ significantly in the details of the procedures and efficacy measures used. This has made it difficult to assess the safety and efficacy of this technique. We carried out a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided alcohol sclerotherapy involving single-session multiple injections to treat simple renal cysts.

Methods
A total of 144 patients with simple renal cysts were randomly allocated to either the treatment group (ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage and alcohol sclerotherapy with single-session multiple injections) or control group (ultrasound-guided simple percutaneous drainage). Follow-up CT scans of ablated cysts were collected 3 and 6 months after the procedure. The outcome was considered successful if cyst volume between baseline and 6 months decreased by at least 87.5%.

Results
Intention-to-treat analysis revealed an average volume reduction of 94.2% in the treatment group and 50.8% in the control group (P <0.0001). The percentage of patients achieving successful outcomes was 88.9% (95% CI 77.0%&100.0%) in the treatment group and 22.2% (95% CI 6.54%&37.9%) in the control group (P <0.0001). The corresponding results in the per-protocol analysis were an average volume reduction of 96.4% in the treatment group and 50.8% in the control group (P <0.0001). The percentage of patients achieving a successful outcome was 94.3% (95% CI 85.6%&100.0%) in the treatment group and 22.2% (95% CI 6.54%&37.9%) in the control group (P <0.0001).

Conclusion
Alcohol sclerotherapy involving single-session multiple injections is safe and efficacious in the treatment of renal cysts. (ChiCTR-TRC-10001114, http://www.chictr.org)
EDM1 : a novel point mutation in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein gene in a Chinese family with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
Authors: Liu Feng-xia , Li Yan-xiang , Zhang Xu-de , Ren Cui-ai , Huang Shang-zhi , Yu Meng-xue 
Published: January 2024

Background
Multiple epiphysis dysplasia (MED) is a common skeletal dysplasia with a significant locus heterogeneity. In the majority of clinically defined cases, mutations have been identified in the gene encoding cartilage algometric matrix protein (COMP).

Methods
Five patients were included in the study. Linkage analysis and mutation analysis of the COMP gene were conducted in the patients and their family members.

Results
We have identified a novel mutation in axon 14 of COMP gene in the family.

Conclusions
This mutation produced a severe MED phenotype with marked short stature, early onset osteoarthritis, and remarkable radiographic changes. Our results extended the range of disease-causing mutations in COMP gene and contributed more information about relationship between mutations and phenotype.
An open-labeled, randomized, multicenter phase IIa study of gambogic acid injection for advanced malignant tumors
Authors: CHI Yihebali , ZHAN Xiao-kai , YU Hao , XIE Guang-ru , WANG Zhen-zhong , XIAO Wei , WANG Yong-gang , XIONG Fu-xing , HU Jun-feng , YANG Lin , CUI Cheng-xu , WANG Jin-wan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Gambogic acid is a pure active compound isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant gamboge (Garcinia morella Desv.). Based on the preliminary results of a phase I study, this phase IIa study compared the efficacy and safety of different dosage schedules of gambogic acid in patients with advanced malignant tumors.

Methods
Patients with advanced or metastases cancer who had not received any effective routine conventional treatment or who had failed to respond to the existing conventional treatment were randomly assigned to receive either 45 mg/m2 gambogic acid intravenously from Days 1 to 5 of a 2-week cycle (Group A), or 45 mg/m2 every other day for a total of five times during a 2-week cycle (Group B). The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR).

Results
Twenty-one patients assigned to Group A and 26 to Group B were included in the final analysis. The ORRs were 14.3% in Group A and 0% in Group B. It was not possible to analyze the significant difference because one of the values was zero. The disease control rates (DCRs) were 76.2% in Group A and 61.5% in Group B (P=0.0456). The observed adverse reactions were mostly Grades I and II, and occurred in most patients after administration of the trial drug. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two arms.

Conclusions
The preliminary results of this phase IIa exploratory study suggest that gambogic acid has a favorable safety profile when administered at 45 mg/m2. The DCR was greater in patients receiving gambogic acid on Days 1-5 of a 2-week cycle, but the incidence of adverse reactions was similar irrespective of the administration schedule.
Pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios do not predict survival in patients with cervical cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical hysterectomy
Authors: WANG Dan , WU Ming , FENG Feng-zhi , HUANG Hui-fang , YANG Jia-xin , SHEN Keng , XIANG Yang 
Published: January 2024

Background
A few inflammatory markers were studied to evaluate their possible prognostic roles in various cancers. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are hypothesized to reflect the systemic inflammation. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether or not the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio or platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio can predict the survival of patients with cervical cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical hysterectomy.

Methods
We performed a retrospective study on cervical cancer patients (FIGO stage Ib2-IIb) who had undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical hysterectomy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 1999 and December 2010. Data on demographics, clinical prognostic markers and histopathology were collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses for prognostic factors were performed.

Results
A total of 111 patients were identified. The median neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios were 2.4 and 142.2, respectively. Overall survival and progression-free survival were neither significantly different between patients with high and low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P=0.149 and P=0.108) nor in high and low platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (P=0.336 and P=0.510). On multivariate analysis, lymph node status (P=0.000 and P=0.007) and lymphovascular space involvement (P=0.001 and P=0.001) were independent prognostic factors of progression-free survival and overall survival.

Conclusions
Lymph node status and lymphovascular space involvement were found to be independent prognostic factors for patients with cervical cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical hysterectomy. The pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios seemed not to predict the survival of patients with cervical cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical hysterectomy.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists cotreatment during chemotherapy in borderline ovarian tumor and ovarian cancer patients
Authors: ZHU Hong-lan , WANG Yan , LI Xiao-ping , WANG Chao-hua , WANG Yue , CUI Heng , WANG Jian-liu , WEI Li-hui 
Published: January 2024

Background
Recently, conservative surgery is acceptable in young patients with borderline ovarian tumor and ovarian cancer. The preservation of these patients' future fertility has been the focus of recent interest. This study aimed to observe the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) cotreatment during chemotherapy in borderline ovarian tumor and ovarian cancer patients.

Methods
Sixteen patients who were treated with fertility preservation surgery for borderline ovarian tumor and ovarian cancer and then administered GnRHa during chemotherapy in Peking University People's Hospital from January 2006 to July 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. This group was compared with a control group of 16 women who were treated concurrently with similar chemotherapy (n=5) without GnRHa or were historical controls (n=11). The disease recurrence, the menstruation status and reproductive outcome were followed up and compared between the two groups.

Results
There were no significant differences between both groups regarding age, body weight, height, marriage status, classification of the tumors, stage of the disease, as were the cumulative doses of each chemotherapeutic agent. One (1/16) patient in the study group while 2 (2/16) patients in the control group relapsed 2 years after conclusion of the primary treatment (P >0.05). All of the 16 women in the study group compared with 11 of the 16 patients in the control group resumed normal menses 6 months after the termination of the treatment (P <0.05). There were 4 spontaneous pregnancies in the study group while 2 in the control group, all of the neonates were healthy.

Conclusions
GnRHa administration before and during chemotherapy in borderline ovarian tumor and ovarian cancer patients who had undergone fertility preservation operation may bring up higher rates of spontaneous resumption of menses and a better pregnancy rate. Long-term follow up and large scale clinical studies are required.
Vitamin D status and the risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: LIU Shang-long , ZHAO Yu-pei , DAI Meng-hua , YOU Lei , WEN Zhang , XU Jian-wei 
Published: January 2024

Background
Vitamin D status in relation to pancreatic cancer risks is still inconsistent. This study was performed to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and risk of pancreatic cancer using a meta-analysis approach.

Methods
A systemic review of all relevant literature in English was performed by searching Pubmed, Web of Science and Embase to identify eligible studies from the earliest available date to April 1, 2012. The search terms “vitamin D”, “25-hydroxyvitamin D”, “pancreatic cancer” or “pancreatic neoplasms” were used to retrieve relevant papers. Inclusion criteria were: (1) the exposure of interest was intake of vitamin D or blood levels of vitamin D; (2) the outcome of interest was pancreatic cancer; (3) data on high and low intake or blood vitamin D in cases and controls were available; (4) odds ratio (OR) estimates with 95% confidence interval (CI) were provided; (5) primary epidemiological data were provided reporting pancreatic cancer incidence. The combined OR values and their 95% CIs were calculated via a meta-analysis. The potential presence of publication bias was estimated using Egger's regression asymmetry test.

Results
Nine studies with a total of 1 206 011 participants met the inclusion criteria. The test for heterogeneity showed there were significant differences among the included studies (
2
=70.9%, P=0.001), so a randomized-effects model was used in the meta-analysis. The pooled OR of pancreatic cancer for the highest versus the lowest categories of vitamin D level was 1.14 (95% CI 0.896-1.451), and the Z-score for the overall effect was 1.06 (P=0.288), showing that there was no significant association between vitamin D levels and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Egger's test indicated there was a low possibility of publication bias in this study (P=0.348).

Conclusion
Dietary vitamin D or circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are not associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer based on evidence from currently published studies.
Histopathological classification and location of consecutively operated meningiomas at a single institution in China from 2001 to 2010
Authors: WANG Dai-jun , XIE Qing , GONG Ye , MAO Ying , WANG Yin , CHENG Hai-xia , ZHONG Ping , CHE Xiao-ming , JIANG Cheng-chuan , HUANG Feng-ping , ZHENG Kang , LI Shi-qi , GU Yu-xiang , BAO Wei-min , YANG Bo-jie , WU Jing-song , XIE Li-qian , ZHENG Ming-zhe , TANG Hai-liang , ZHU Hong-da , CHEN Xian-cheng , ZHOU Liang-fu 
Published: January 2024

Background
Meningioma is one of the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system, but there are not many detailed studies on the sex, age, subtypes and locations of large series. This study was a retrospective analysis of the characteristics of meningioma cases consecutively operated on at a single institution in China from 2001 to 2010.

Methods
This study investigated the demographic background of 7084 meningioma cases, and the subtypes and locations of the tumors. Sex and age distributions were analyzed, and the pathological subtypes were classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The location of the meningiomas was also categorized.

Results
The female:male ratio of the 7084 cases was 2.34:1. The mean age was 51.4 years (range, 11 months-86 years). The mean age of cases of WHO grade I meningioma was significantly older than that of grade II or III meningiomas (P <0.001, Fisher's Least Significant Digit test). There was a significantly higher female:male ratio in WHO grade I meningiomas than in grade II or grade III meningiomas (2.57, 1.03 and 0.76, respectively; P <0.001, χ2 test). Meningothelial (n=2061) and fibrous meningiomas (n=3556) were the most common subtypes, comprising 79.3% of all meningiomas. All meningioma cases were classified into 23 locations in this study, with the cerebral convexity the most common site (38.33%, n=2722). Cases with uncommon locations such as extra-cranial and sylvian fissure meningiomas were also present in this series.

Conclusions
Female predominance was found for benign meningiomas, while malignant subtypes showed male predominance. The mean age of patients with WHO grade I meningiomas was older than that of patients with higher-grade tumors. Meningothelial and fibrous meningiomas were the most common subtypes. The cerebral convexity was the most common meningioma location.
MicroRNAs are implicated in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer
Authors: Jianning Song , Zhigang Bai , Zhongtao Zhang 
Published: January 2024

Objective
Gastric cancer is a genetically heterogeneous disease that progresses via different oncogenes. MicroRNA (miRNA) can regulate oncogene expression at the post-translational level. In this review, we summarize the most commonly altered miRNAs and their possible roles in cancer initiation and progression in gastric cancer.

Data sources
Most articles were identified by searching PubMed online resources using the key terms of microRNA and gastric cancer.

Study selection
Mainly original milestone articles and critical reviews written by major pioneer investigators in the field were selected, and the 69 most important articles were cited finally.

Results
A set of miRNAs are consistently deregulated in gastric cancer, although there is no clear miRNA expression profiles, such as miR-21 and miR-17 (˜92 clusters). These deregulated miRNAs play important roles in promoting cell proliferation, tumor metastasis, and chemotherapeutic resistance in gastric cancer by targeting different oncogenes. Clinical relevance of these deregulated miRNAs is proved to be associated with TNM stages, metastasis, and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. In addition, circulating miRNAs are promising noninvasive biomarkers for gastric cancer.

Conclusions
miRNAs have produced a novel paradigm in research in gastric cancer. These small molecules play macroroles in gastric cancer initiation and progression. These results will help us improve management of gastric cancer in future.
Serological and molecular capsular typing, antibiotic susceptibility and multilocus sequence typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from invasive and non-invasive infections
Authors: ZHANG Yi-jie , CHEN Yu-shen , WANG Zhan-wei , LI Yu-qian , WANG Da-xuan , SHANG Ying , FU Rong-rong , HU Ying-hui , GENG Rong , WEI Li-ping , YANG Jing-ping , LI Jia-shu , YU Qin , DU Juan , GAO Zhan-cheng 
Published: January 2024

Background

Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a major causative agent of severe infections, including sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media, and has become a major public health concern. We report the pneumococcal serotype and sequence type (ST) distribution, and antimicrobial resistance of 39 S. pneumoniae strains from seven hospitals in China.

Methods
Blood/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sputum isolates from patients were analyzed to determine S. pneumoniae serotypes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the Neufeld Quellung reaction, the multilocus sequence types (MLST) by PCR and sequencing, and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents by the VITEK Gram Positive Susceptibility Card.

Results
A total of 39 isolates were collected including 21 blood/CSF and 18 sputum isolates. Conventional serotyping by the Quellung reaction required 749 reactions. In contrast, PCR based typing needed only 106 PCR reactions. The most frequent serotypes from the blood/CSF isolates were 14 (38.1%), 19A (14.3%), 23F (9.5%), and 18C (9.5%). In the sputum isolates the most frequent serotypes were 19F (33.3%), 23F (16.7%), 19A (11.1%), and 3 (11.1%). The incidence of penicillin resistance in the blood/CSF and sputum isolates was 66.7% and 55.6%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that patients ≤5 years old had a higher resistance to penicillin when they compared with the patients ≥65 years old (P=0.011). Serotypes 14, 19A and 19F were significantly associated with penicillin resistance (P <0.001). ST320, ST271, and ST876 isolates showed high resistant rates to several antibiotics including penicillin (P=0.006). All of the isolates of serotype 19A were resistant to both penicillin and erythromycin, and they were all multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates.

Conclusions
The specificity and sensitivity of multiplex-PCR are good, and this method represents a substantial savings of time and money, and can be widely used in the laboratory and clinical practice. Data from this research showed an extremely high prevalence of penicillin resistance and an increasing prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) rate in S. pneumoniae. A distinctive emergence of serotype 19A was observed which was also associated with the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, nationwide surveillance of pneumococcal resistance and serotypes is strongly warranted.