bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Site‐Specific Ubiquitination of Tau Amyloids Promoted by the E3 Ligase CHIP
Authors: Parolini Francesca , Ataie Kachoie Elham , Leo Giulia , Civiero Laura , Bubacco Luigi , Arrigoni Giorgio , Munari Francesca , Assfalg Michael , D'Onofrio Mariapina , Capaldi Stefano 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPost‐translational modifications of Tau are emerging as key players in determining the onset and progression of different tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease, and are recognized to mediate the structural diversity of the disease‐specific Tau amyloids. Here we show that the E3 ligase CHIP catalyzes the site‐specific ubiquitination of Tau filaments both in vitro and in cellular models, proving that also Tau amyloid aggregates are direct substrate of PTMs. Transmission electron microscopy and mass spectrometry analysis on ubiquitin‐modified Tau amyloids revealed that the conformation of the filaments restricts CHIP‐mediated ubiquitination to specific positions of the repeat domain, while only minor alterations in the structure of the fibril core were inferred using seeding experiments in vitro and in a cell‐based tauopathy model. Overexpression of CHIP significantly increased the ubiquitination of exogenous PHF, proving that the ligase can interact and modify Tau aggregates also in a complex cellular environment.
Stereospecific Conversion of Boronic Esters into Enones using Methoxyallene: Application in the Total Synthesis of 10‐Deoxymethynolide
Authors: Chambers Kristian J. , Sanghong Patthadon , Carter Martos Daniel , Casoni Giorgia , Mykura Rory C. , Prasad Hari Durga , Noble Adam , Aggarwal Varinder K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEnones are widely utilized linchpin functional groups in chemical synthesis and molecular biology. We herein report the direct conversion of boronic esters into enones using commercially available methoxyallene as a three‐carbon building block. Following boronate complex formation by reaction of the boronic ester with lithiated‐methoxyallene, protonation triggers a stereospecific 1,2‐migration before oxidation generates the enone. The protocol shows broad substrate scope and complete enantiospecificity is observed with chiral migrating groups. In addition, various electrophiles could be used to induce 1,2‐migration and give a much broader range of α‐functionalized enones. Finally, the methodology was applied to a 14‐step synthesis of the enone‐containing polyketide 10‐deoxymethynolide.
Precision Sequence‐Defined Polymers: From Sequencing to Biological Functions
Authors: Shi Qiangqiang , Zhang Zhengbiao , Liu Shiyong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrecise sequence‐defined polymers (SDPs) with uniform chain‐to‐chain structure including chain length, unit sequence, and end functionalities represent the pinnacle of sophistication in the realm of polymer science. For example, the absolute control over the unit sequence of SDPs allows for the bottom‐up design of polymers with hierarchical microstructures and functions. Accompanied with the development of synthetic techniques towards precision SDPs, the decoding of SDP sequences and construction of advanced functions irreplaceable by other synthetic materials is of central importance. In this Minireview, we focus on recent advances in SDP sequencing techniques including tandem mass spectrometry (MS), chemically assisted primary MS, as well as other non‐destructive sequencing methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), and nanopore sequencing. Additionally, we delve into the promising prospects of SDP functions in the area of cutting‐edge biological research. Topics of exploration include gene delivery systems, the development of hybrid materials combining SDPs and nucleic acids, protein recognition and regulation, as well as the interplay between chirality and biological functions. A brief outlook towards the future directions of SDPs is also presented.
Single‐Scan Ultraselective NMR Experiments with Preserved Sensitivity
Authors: Bazzoni Margherita , Mishra Rituraj , Dumez Jean‐Nicolas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSelective NMR experiments provide rapid access to important structural information, and are essential to tackle the analysis of large molecules and complex mixtures. Single‐scan ultraselective experiments are particularly useful, as they can rapidly select signals that overlap with other signals. Here, we describe a novel type of single‐scan ultraselective NMR experiments that is robust against the effects of translational molecular diffusion, and thus make it possible to improve significantly the sensitivity of the experiment. This will largely broaden the applicability of this powerful class of experiments.
Aluminum(III) Cations [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes2]+: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in FLP‐Chemistry
Authors: Werner Luis , Hagn Julika , Walpuski Janis , Radius Udo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe three‐coordinate aluminum cations ligated by N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes2]+[B(C6F5)4]− (NHC=IMeMe 4, IiPrMe 5, IiPr 6, Mes=2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl) were prepared via hydride abstraction of the alanes (NHC) ⋅ AlHMes2 (NHC=IMeMe 1, IiPrMe 2, IiPr 3) using [Ph3C]+[B(C6F5)4]− in toluene as hydride acceptor. If this reaction was performed in diethyl ether, the corresponding four‐coordinate aluminum etherate cations [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes2(OEt2)]+ [B(C6F5)4]− 7–9 (NHC=IMeMe 7, IiPrMe 8, IiPr 9) were isolated. According to a theoretical and experimental assessment of the Lewis‐acidity of the [(IMeMe) ⋅ AlMes2]+ cation is the acidity larger than that of B(C6F5)3 and of similar magnitude as reported for Al(C6F5)3. The reaction of [(IMeMe) ⋅ AlMes2]+[B(C6F5)4]− 4 with the sterically less demanding, basic phosphine PMe3 afforded a mixed NHC/phosphine stabilized cation [(IMeMe) ⋅ AlMes2(PMe3)]+[B(C6F5)4]− 10. Equimolar mixtures of 4 and the sterically more demanding PCy3 gave a frustrated Lewis‐pair (FLP), i.e., [(IMeMe) ⋅ AlMes2]+[B(C6F5)4]−/PCy3 FLP‐11, which reacts with small molecules such as CO2, ethene, and 2‐butyne.
Tipping the Balance Between the bcc and fcc Phase Within the Alkali and Coinage Metal Groups
Authors: Robles‐Navarro Andrés , Jerabek Paul , Schwerdtfeger Peter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhy the Group 1 elements crystallize in the body‐centered cubic (bcc) structure, and the iso‐electronic Group 11 elements in the face‐centered cubic (fcc) structure, remains a mystery. Here we show that a delicate interplay between many‐body effects, vibrational contributions and dispersion interactions obtained from relativistic density functional theory offers an answer to this long‐standing controversy. It also sheds light on the Periodic Table of Crystal Structures. A smooth diffusionless transition through cuboidal lattices gives a detailed insight into the bcc→fcc phase transition for the Groups 1 and 11 elements.
An environmentally friendly approach for the extraction and recovery of Mn from pyrolusite by ammonium sulfate roasting‐water leaching and ammonium carbonate precipitation
Authors: Ma Ruiyu , Feng Yali , Li Haoran , Ju Jinrong , Jiang Shiwei , Wang Haoyu , Li Yunhao , Xu Chenglong , Xue Zhonghua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the growth of the new energy industry, the requirements for manganese have increased significantly. In this paper, the method of manganese extraction from pyrolusite using ammonium sulfate roasting and water leaching was presented. At the optimal process parameters: mass ratio of (NH4)2SO4 to pyrolusite of 2:1, the roasting temperature of 420°,C and duration of 120 min, the leaching efficiency of Mn and Fe was 94.55% and 54.38%, respectively. The mechanism analysis shows that MnO2 and Fe2O3 in pyrolusite were converted to (NH4)2Mn2(SO4)3, (NH4)3Fe(SO4)3, and NH4Fe(SO4)2 by roasting with ammonium sulfate. Iron was removed from the leaching solution with the addition of ammonia. Afterward, manganese carbonate products were prepared from iron‐free manganese sulfate solution by adding ammonium carbonate at a stirring duration of 60 min, a reaction temperature of 40°C, a pH of 7, and a molar ratio of ammonium carbonate to the manganese of 1.1:1, the precipitation efficiency of manganese could reach 99.8%, and the obtained manganese carbonate products were compliant with the industry standards. The ammonia released during the roasting process could be absorbed to regenerate (NH4)2SO4 and the final filtrate after evaporation and crystallization could be used to recycle (NH4)2SO4, both of which were used again into roasting process to reduce the consumption of raw material. In this process, the roasting temperature was only 420°C, which was significantly lower than the pyrometallurgical process suggested in earlier studies.
Brain‐implanted conductors amplify radiofrequency fields in rodents: Advantages and risks
Authors: Vöröslakos Mihály , Yaghmazadeh Omid , Alon Leeor , Sodickson Daniel K. , Buzsáki György 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOver the past few decades, daily exposure to radiofrequency (RF) fields has been increasing due to the rapid development of wireless and medical imaging technologies. Under extreme circumstances, exposure to very strong RF energy can lead to heating of body tissue, even resulting in tissue injury. The presence of implanted devices, moreover, can amplify RF effects on surrounding tissue. Therefore, it is important to understand the interactions of RF fields with tissue in the presence of implants, in order to establish appropriate wireless safety protocols, and also to extend the benefits of medical imaging to increasing numbers of people with implanted medical devices. This study explored the neurological effects of RF exposure in rodents implanted with neuronal recording electrodes. We exposed freely moving and anesthetized rats and mice to 950 MHz RF energy while monitoring their brain activity, temperature, and behavior. We found that RF exposure could induce fast onset firing of single neurons without heat injury. In addition, brain implants enhanced the effect of RF stimulation resulting in reversible behavioral changes. Using an optical temperature measurement system, we found greater than tenfold increase in brain temperature in the vicinity of the implant. On the one hand, our results underline the importance of careful safety assessment for brain‐implanted devices, but on the other hand, we also show that metal implants may be used for neurostimulation if brain temperature can be kept within safe limits.
Candida albicans chitinase 3 with potential as a vaccine antigen: production, purification, and characterisation
Authors: Costa‐Barbosa Augusto , Ferreira Diogo , Pacheco Maria Inês , Casal Margarida , Duarte Henrique Oliveira , Gomes Catarina , Barbosa Ana Margarida , Torrado Egídio , Sampaio Paula , Collins Tony 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChitinases are widely studied enzymes that have already found widespread application. Their continued development and valorisation will be driven by the identification of new and improved variants and/or novel applications bringing benefits to industry and society. We previously identified a novel application for chitinases wherein the Candida albicans cell wall surface chitinase 3 (Cht3) was shown to have potential in vaccine applications as a subunit antigen against fungal infections. In the present study, this enzyme was investigated further, developing production and purification protocols, enriching our understanding of its properties, and advancing its application potential. Cht3 was heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and a 4‐step purification protocol developed and optimised: this involves activated carbon treatment, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, ammonium sulphate precipitation, and gel filtration chromatography. The recombinant enzyme was shown to be mainly O‐glycosylated and to retain the epitopes of the native protein. Functional studies showed it to be highly specific, displaying activity on chitin, chitosan, and chito‐oligosaccharides larger than chitotriose only. Furthermore, it was shown to be a stable enzyme, exhibiting activity, and stability over broad pH and temperature ranges. This study represents an important step forward in our understanding of Cht3 and contributes to its development for application.
Identification and characterization of CHO host‐cell proteins in monoclonal antibody bioprocessing
Authors: Oh Young Hoon , Mendola Kerri M. , Choe Leila H. , Min Lie , Lavoie Ashton R. , Sripada Sobhana A. , Williams Taufika Islam , Lee Kelvin H. , Yigzaw Yinges , Seay Alexander , Bill Jerome , Li Xuanwen , Roush David J. , Cramer Steven M. , Menegatti Stefano , Lenhoff Abraham M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHost‐cell proteins (HCPs) are the foremost class of process‐related impurities to be controlled and removed in downstream processing steps in monoclonal antibody (mAb) manufacturing. However, some HCPs may evade clearance in multiple purification steps and reach the final drug product, potentially threatening drug stability and patient safety. This study extends prior work on HCP characterization and persistence in mAb process streams by using mass spectrometry (MS)‐based methods to track HCPs through downstream processing steps for seven mAbs that were generated by five different cell lines. The results show considerable variability in HCP identities in the processing steps but extensive commonality in the identities and quantities of the most abundant HCPs in the harvests for different processes. Analysis of HCP abundance in the harvests shows a likely relationship between abundance and the reproducibility of quantification measurements and suggests that some groups of HCPs may hinder the characterization. Quantitative monitoring of HCPs persisting through purification steps coupled with the findings from the harvest analysis suggest that multiple factors, including HCP abundance and mAb‐HCP interactions, can contribute to the persistence of individual HCPs and the identification of groups of common, persistent HCPs in mAb manufacturing.
Bioprinted dermis with human adipose tissue‐derived microvascular fragments promotes wound healing
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Xu Chi , Xu Lei , Wan Jiaming , Cao Gaobiao , Liu Zhe , Ji Pengxiang , Jin Qianheng , Fu Yi , Le Yingying , Ju Jihui , Hou Ruixing , Zhang Guangliang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTissue‐engineered skin is an effective material for treating large skin defects in a clinical setting. However, its use is limited owing to vascular complications. Human adipose tissue‐derived microvascular fragments (HaMVFs) are vascularized units that form vascular networks by rapid reassembly. In this study, we designed a vascularized bionic skin tissue using a three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinter of HaMVFs and human fibroblasts encapsulated in a hybrid hydrogel composed of GelMA, HAMA, and fibrinogen. Tissues incorporating HaMVFs showed good in vitro vascularization and mechanical properties after UV crosslinking and thrombin exposure. Thus, the tissue could be sutured appropriately to the wound. In vivo, the vascularized 3D bioprinted skin promoted epidermal regeneration, collagen maturation in the dermal tissue, and vascularization of the skin tissue to accelerate wound healing. Overall, vascularized 3D bioprinted skin with HaMVFs is an effective material for treating skin defects and may be clinically applicable to reduce the necrosis rate of skin grafts.
Remote accessible/fully controllable fiber optic systems laboratory design and implementation
Authors: Aslan Akyol Zuhal , Yucel Murat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn private and expensive experimental laboratory studies, there are problems such as difficulty in accessing measuring devices and materials, space and time problems, and insufficient technical support due to the need for expertise. In this study, a fiber optic laboratory (FOL), which can be used for educational and scientific research purposes, has high installation costs and has difficulty in accessing devices, was designed and realized as a remote accessible/fully controllable. All devices in the proposed laboratory have been virtualized on the MATLAB App Designer platform, and communication protocols have been defined and made remotely accessible and controllable. In the proposed system, the user accessed remotely can perform all device controls, record the measurement results, take the measurement average as much as he wants to increase the measurement accuracy, monitor the experimental setup with a camera, and receive expert support. Afterward, a sample experiment was set up on the system and the results were compared. The proposed laboratory has a high potential to establish international collaborations in remote/flexible work and scientific research. Finally, a scale was applied to FOL undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral student groups. The Cronbach α coefficient showing the reliability of the applied model was found to be .934.
Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for the Evaluation of Localised Corrosion on Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Mysliu Erlind , Holm Thomas , ten Cate Mattijs , Erbe Andreas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (dEIS), an extension of conventional EIS, was used for rapid measurements of initiation of localised corrosion on 3005 aluminium alloys with different Mn (1.08–1.39 wt. %) and Cu (0.15–0.22 wt. %) content by evaluating the onset and evolution of a Faradaic process observed in 0.5 M Na2SO4+0.1 M NaCl. Differences between samples were detected with highest sensitivity from the charge transfer resistance during chronoamperometry at ca. 120 mV above the corrosion potential. These differences were caused by differences in pitting initiation, and correlated well with filament density from a filiform corrosion (FFC) test of samples coated with a 20 μm epoxy topcoat. The observation can be explained by the role of pitting in FFC initiation and the similarity in FFC propagation with pit growth. The results suggest that dEIS is an efficient method for screening alloys for their FFC susceptibility.
Enhancing Triplet‐Triplet Annihilation Upconversion of Pyrene Derivatives for Photoredox Catalysis via Molecular Engineering
Authors: Song Xiaojuan , Liu Heyuan , Liu Shanshan , Li Tianyu , Lv Liping , Cui Boce , Wang Tianying , Chen Wenmiao , Chen Yanli , Li Xiyou 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTriplet‐triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA‐UC) has the potential to enhance photoredox catalysis yield. It includes a sensitizer and an annihilator. Efficient and stable annihilators are essential for photoredox catalysis, yet only a few examples are reported. Herein, we designed four novel pyrene annihilators (1, 2, 3 and 4) via introducing aryl‐alkynyl groups onto pyrene to systematically modulate their singlet and triplet energies. Coupled with platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP), the TTA‐UC efficiency is enhanced gradually as the number of aryl‐alkynyl group increases. When combining 4 with palladium tetraphenyl‐tetrabenzoporphyrin (PdTPTBP), we achieved the highest red‐to‐green upconversion efficiency (22.4±0.3 %) (out of a 50 % maximum) so far. Then, this pair was used to activate photooxidation of aryl boronic acid under red light (630 nm), which achieved a great improved reaction yield compared to that activated by green light directly. The results not only provide a design strategy for efficient annihilators, but also show the advantage of applying TTA‐UC into improving the photoredox catalysis yield.
Customized Synthesis of MOF Nanoplates via Molecular Scalpel Strategy for Efficient Oxygen Reduction in Zn−Air Batteries
Authors: Duan Xinde , Ge Fayuan , Yan Qi , Liu Yang , Zheng Hegen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe production of metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoplates with well‐defined geometric morphology is remarkable for expanding their applications. Herein, the cobalt‐based MOF nanoplates with hexagonal channels from a layer‐pillared MOF are accomplished, via a molecular scalpel strategy, utilizing monodentate pyridine to replace the bidentate 4,4′‐bipyridine. The morphology can be modified from nanorods to nanoplates with controllable thickness tuned by the amounts of pyridine. Succeeding carbonization treatment transforms the MOF nanoplates into Co particles homogeneously encapsulated in the nitrogen‐doped carbon layers. The prepared catalyst with a unique platelike morphology displays a high half‐wave potential of 0.88 V in oxygen reduction reaction. When used in primary Zn−air batteries, it delivers a high peak power density of 280 mW cm−2. This work clarifies the structure‐morphology‐reactivity connection of MOF nanoplates.
Aerobic Granular Sludge: Perspectives for Excess Sludge Management and Resource Recovery
Authors: Dababat Salahaldeen , Enaime Ghizlane , Wichern Marc , Lübken Manfred 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology is gaining increasing interest globally. However, several aspects are still challenging its installation, as the integration into existing municipal wastewater treatment plants. The operation of AGS units in continuous flow mode could facilitate that integration; yet has only been experienced at lab and pilot scales. Further, handling of excess granular sludge constitutes a prominent challenge. Even that, adopting effective strategies for its management holds promising contributions to the circular economy by fostering the reuse and recovery of valuable resources. The recovery of phosphorus and alginate‐like polymers holds significant commercial potential worldwide, with broad applications in agriculture, food, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology.
Organo‐Pillared‐Clay: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications for Treatment of Perfluoroalkyl Substances
Authors: Scapan Paul , Hassler Jannis , Piribauer Christoph , Pavón Sandra , Aubel Ines , Werner Jan , Bertau Martin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnthropogenic toxic pollutants are ubiquitous and need to be removed from the environment. This study investigates the preparation of an inorganic‐organic modified clay (organo‐pillared‐clay) for the removal of contaminants. The present work investigates the compositional, structural and sorption properties of modified clay materials for the removal of perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA). The chemical compositions of the clay materials used were determined by interlayer and surface analysis. The results showed changes in interlayer spacing and external surface area due to modification and surfactant addition during the cation exchange reaction. The combination of adsorption and irradiation increased removal efficiency, although photodegradation was partially inhibited. Modified clays show promise for PFHpA remediation, with potential for optimizing photodegradation processes.