bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caregivers' perspectives of support needs for adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Authors: Skorka Kelly , Copley Jodie , McBryde Catherine , Meredith Pamela J. , Reid Natasha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResearch focused on fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is often deficit‐focused, limiting a holistic understanding of individuals' support needs. Families of adolescents with FASD also struggle to access appropriate services. Using semi‐structured interviews, the current study explored the perspectives of seven caregivers of adolescents with FASD in Australia. Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed that anxiety was perceived as a main barrier to participation for adolescents; however, incorporating adolescents' strengths facilitated participation. Additionally, caregivers described that professionals did not effectively collaborate and lacked understanding of FASD. Considering these findings, recommendations to optimise outcomes for adolescents with FASD and their families are provided.
First‐in‐human study of CPL207280, a novel G‐protein‐coupled receptor 40/free fatty acid receptor 1 agonist, in healthy volunteers after single and multiple administration
Authors: Bazydło‐Guzenda Katarzyna , Jarus‐Dziedzic Katarzyna , Gierczak‐Pachulska Agnieszka , Buda Paweł , Rudzki Piotr J. , Buś‐Kwaśnik Katarzyna , Juszczyk Ewelina , Tratkiewicz Ewa , Rabczenko Daniel , Segiet‐Święcicka Agnieszka , Wieczorek Maciej 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of single and multiple doses of CPL207280, a new G‐protein‐coupled receptor 40 agonist developed to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsThe phase 1 study in healthy volunteers (White, age 18–55 years, body mass index 18.5–29.9 kg/m2) was performed after single (24 subjects, 5–480 mg) and multiple (32 subjects, 60–480 mg) once‐daily administration of CPL207280. The effect of food intake and interaction with metformin were evaluated in additional cohort (12 subjects, 120 mg). The primary objective was the safety and tolerability of CPL207280. Secondary objectives included PK and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics (glucose, insulin, C‐peptide, proinsulin, glucagon levels) observed during the 14‐day treatment period.ResultsNo deaths or serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. All reported AEs were classified as unrelated to the study product. No clinically significant differences in safety parameters were observed between cohorts and no food or metformin effect on safety parameters was identified. The ascending dose of CPL207280 caused an increase in the PK parameters maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) or area under the plasma concentration–time curve up to 24 h. However, dose‐normalized Cmax decreased with ascending dose. There was no relationship between the CPL207280 dose or prandial state and terminal elimination half‐life and terminal elimination rate constant. No clear relationship between CPL207280 dose and PD area under the effect curve values was observed.ConclusionsCPL207280 was found to be safe and well tolerated by healthy volunteers (with a low risk of hepatotoxicity) for up to 14 days of administration. The PK profile of CPL207280 supports single‐daily administration and justifies further development of this therapy for patients with T2D.
Behavioral responses of potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) to volatiles from wilted Yunnan poplar (Populus yunnanensis)
Authors: Li Xiang , Qian Xiaoxiang , Zhang Xiuge , Jia Shikang , Tang Liping , Xiao Chun , Dong Wenxia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe volatiles from wilted poplar leaves possess a broad spectrum of attractants that affect various lepidopteran pests. The effect of volatile compounds of wilted leaves of Yunnan poplar, Populus yunnanensis Dode (Salicaceae), on the orientation and oviposition behavior of the potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), has not been well understood. In this study we identified 15 active compounds from the wilted Yunnan poplar leaves to gravid female PTM by combined gas chromatography‐electroantennographic detector (GC‐EAD) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in this study. We evaluated the biological activity of these compounds at their natural level with a Y‐tube olfactometer and self‐made oviposition cages. The results showed that six compounds – cis‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol, 6‐methyl‐5‐hepten‐2‐one, hexyl acetate, 2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, trans‐ocimene, and 2‐pentylfuran – exhibited significant attraction to gravid female PTM, and five compounds – trans‐2‐nonenal, styrene, hexyl formate, trans‐ocimene, and 2‐pentylfuran – attracted them to lay eggs, both individually and in blend. Apart from styrene, all these compounds may serve as attractants for attract‐and‐kill to PTM.
Reason, reasoning, and the taking condition
Authors: Vahid Hamid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTheoretical reasoning (inference) is a conscious personal‐level activity and a causal process. It is the process of revising one's beliefs for a reason whereby some of our beliefs cause or result in other beliefs. But inference is more than mere causation. This raises the question of what exactly distinguishes theoretical reasoning from mere causal processes. Paul Boghossian has located the distinguishing feature of inference in, what he calls, the “taking condition” requirement (TC). It turns out, however, that all attempts to explain this notion fail. In this paper, I shall offer an indirect argument for the taking condition grounded in a specific account of the structure of epistemic reasons that distinguishes two levels of epistemic normativity, namely, the possession and justification levels. I show how such an account can legitimize the role of (TC) in reasoning and deflect the standard objections raised against it. Finally, I explain how this proposal naturally accommodates the defeasibility of reasoning.
Metabolism, population growth, and the fast‐slow life history continuum of marine fishes
Authors: Gravel Sarah , Bigman Jennifer S. , Pardo Sebastián A. , Wong Serena , Dulvy Nicholas K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe maximum intrinsic rate of population increase (rmax) represents a population's maximum capacity to replace itself and is central to fisheries management and conservation. Species with lower rmax typically have slower life histories compared to species with faster life histories and higher rmax. Here, we posit that metabolic rate is related to the fast–slow life history continuum and the connection may be stronger for maximum metabolic rate and aerobic scope compared to resting metabolic rate. Specifically, we ask whether variation in rmax or any of its component life‐history traits – age‐at‐maturity, maximum age, and annual reproductive output – explain variation in resting and maximum metabolic rates and aerobic scope across 84 shark and teleost species, while accounting for the effects of measurement temperature, measurement body mass, ecological lifestyle, and evolutionary history. Overall, we find a strong connection between metabolic rate and the fast‐slow life history continuum, such that species with faster population growth (higher rmax) generally have higher maximum metabolic rates and broader aerobic scopes. Specifically, rmax is more important in explaining variation in maximum metabolic rate and aerobic scope compared to resting metabolic rate, which is best explained by age‐at‐maturity (out of the life history traits examined). In conclusion, teleosts and sharks share a common fast–slow physiology/life history continuum, with teleosts generally at the faster end and sharks at the slower end, yet with considerable overlap. Our work improves our understanding of the diversity of fish life histories and may ultimately improve our understanding of intrinsic sensitivity to overfishing.
Mycobacterium vaccae alleviates allergic airway inflammation and airway hyper‐responsiveness in asthmatic mice by altering intestinal microbiota
Authors: Xiao Huan , Fang Li‐ting , Tang An‐zhou , Chen Hong‐liu , Xu Mei‐li , Wei Xiao‐shua , Pang Guo‐dong , Li Chao‐qian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHost immunity can influence the composition of the gut microbiota and consequently affect disease progression. Previously, we reported that a Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine could ameliorate allergic inflammation in asthmatic mice by regulating inflammatory immune processes. Here, we investigated the anti‐inflammatory effects of M. vaccae on allergic asthma via gut microbiota modulation. An ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced asthmatic murine model was established and treated with M. vaccae. Gut microbiota profiles were determined in 18 BALB/c mice using 16S rDNA gene sequencing and metabolomic profiling was performed using liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Mycobacterium vaccae alleviated airway hyper‐reactivity and inflammatory infiltration in mice with OVA‐induced allergic asthma. The microbiota of asthmatic mice is disrupted and that this can be reversed with M. vaccae. Additionally, a total of 24 differential metabolites were screened, and the abundance of PI(14:1(9Z)/18:0), a glycerophospholipid, was found to be correlated with macrophage numbers (r = 0.52, p = 0.039). These metabolites may affect chemokine (such as macrophage chemoattractant protein‐1) concentrations in the serum, and ultimately affect pulmonary macrophage recruitment. Our data demonstrated that M. vaccae might alleviate airway inflammation and hyper‐responsiveness in asthmatic mice by reversing imbalances in gut microbiota. These novel mechanistic insights are expected to pave the way for novel asthma therapeutic strategies.
Association between perfectionism, personality traits and probable sleep bruxism in Spanish schoolchildren: A case–control study
Authors: Martínez Irene Redondo , Catalá‐Pizarro Montserrat , Moreno Juan Rojo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aetiology of Sleep bruxism includes specific personality traits, related to perfectionism.AimTo investigate the relationship between probable sleep bruxism (PSB) and personality traits in children and their parents, determining whether children with PSB and their parents are more perfectionists.DesignThis case–control study included 104 children aged 8–9 years, 52 cases and 52 controls. A clinical examination was performed on the children who completed the Big Five Personality Questionnaire (BFQ‐NA) and the Child Perfectionism Inventory. Parents completed a bruxism diagnostic questionnaire according to the AASM criteria, BFQ and Frost multidimensional perfectionism scale questionnaires. t‐Tests for independent samples and multivariate logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis.ResultsA significant relationship between PSB and a self‐demanding personality (OR = 1.11, p = .01), restless sleep (OR = 4.41, p = .004), and a family history of clenching and grinding teeth (OR = 3.07, p = .0006) was found in a binary logistic regression model. When adjusted, only restless sleep showed a significant relationship with PSB (p = .03, OR 3.32, 95% CI 1.13–9.81).ConclusionChildren whose parents reported as clenching or grinding their teeth while asleep in the previous 6 months, and who were found to have abnormal dental wear, had significantly more nightmares, sleep disruption, daytime sleepiness, family history of bruxism, and tended to be more perfectionist.
A novel defensin‐like peptide C‐13326 possesses protective effect against multidrug‐resistant Aeromonas schubertii in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculate ♀ × Channa argus ♂)
Authors: He Huanrong , Huang Xinzhi , Wen Caiyi , Liu Chun , Jiang Biao , Huang Yanhua , Su Youlu , Li Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether a defensin‐like antimicrobial peptide (C‐13326 peptide) identified in Hermetia illucens could possess protective effect against multidrug‐resistant Aeromonas schubertii in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculate ♀ × Channa argus ♂). The cDNA of C‐13326 peptide comprised 243 nucleotides encoding 80 amino acids, with six conserved cysteine residues and the classical CSαβ structure. The recombinant expression plasmid pPIC9K‐C‐13326 was constructed and transformed into GS115 Pichia pastoris, and the C‐13326 peptide was expressed by induction with 1% methanol. The crude extract of C‐13326 peptide was precipitated by ammonium sulfate, assayed by Braford method, detected by tricine‐SDS‐PAGE, evaluated by BandScan software and identified by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The C‐13326 peptide was shown to have inhibitory activity against the growth of multidrug‐resistant A. schubertii DM210910 by using the minimum growth inhibitory concentration and Oxford cup method. In addition, scanning electron microscopy analysis suggested that C‐13326 peptide inhibited the growth of A. schubertii DM210910 by damaging the bacterial cell membrane. To explore the role of peptide C‐13326 in vivo, hybrid snakehead was fed with peptide C‐13326 as feed additives for 7 days. The results revealed that C‐13326 peptide could significantly down‐regulate the expression levels of IL‐1β, IL‐8, IL‐12 and TNF‐α (p < .05), and significantly improved the survival rate of hybrid snakehead after challenging with A. schubertii DM210910. Therefore, the C‐13326 peptide is a promising antimicrobial agent for A. schubertii treatment in aquaculture.
The pistachio quality detection based on deep features plus unsupervised clustering
Authors: Liu Xingyu , Yang Lianhe , Zhu Hongfei , Zhang Liqi , An Yanying , Wei Linna , Han Zhongzhi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe opening condition of the pistachio is a trait that has been sorted by machine vision. This study presented a qualitative and quantitative method for pistachio opening detection based on unsupervised learning. First, the convolution neural network ResNet18 was utilized to extract the pistachio features based on the different layers: bn4b_branch2b (bn4b), bn5b_branch2b (bn5b), and fc1000. The high‐dimensional feature was mapped to the low‐dimensional by t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding algorithm, and then, the clustering algorithms were utilized to cluster the image feature under different spatial dimensions. It was best that the clustering performance came from the bn5b feature layer. The accuracy of this method was 99.31% in three‐dimensional space. And completed the analysis of pistachio opening degree. This method exhibits significant potential for enhancing the quality detection and product classification of pistachios. The unsupervised clustering is utilized to sort not only pistachios but also general nuts.Practical ApplicationsIn this study, we proposed a quality detection method for pistachios based on unsupervised learning, which was capable of performing both qualitative and quantitative analyses of pistachio opening. This method provides an efficient quality detection and product classification strategy, with important practical value. The unsupervised clustering is utilized to sort not only pistachios but also general nuts. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the consumption of manpower and material resources, paving the way for the development of intelligent sorting equipment in the future, and has reference significance for the quality detection of other agricultural products.
Mentha spicata drying via infrared: Mathematical modeling and evaluation of two‐step temperature potential for improving drying characteristics
Authors: Hazervazifeh Amin , A. Moghaddam Parviz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo assess the effects of a two‐step temperature method (TTM) on dehydration parameters, color deterioration of dried samples, and specific energy consumption (SEC), spearmint leaves were dried using infrared (IR) undergoing the TTM. Moreover, 14 mathematical models were compared based on the adjusted correlation coefficient, reduced chi‐square, and root mean square error to estimate drying curves. Changes in the color of the dried product at two‐step temperatures of 70to60°C, 60to50°C, and 50to40°C led to decreases of 2.69, .81, and 3.34 compared to fixed temperatures of 70, 60, and 50°C, respectively. On the other hand, the specific energy consumption (SEC) increased by 5.43, 10.92, and 22 MJ.g−1 H2O at 70to60°C, 60to50°C, and 50to40°C compared to 70, 60, and 50°C, respectively. To interpret the results from another point of view, three basic objectives of shortening drying time, reducing energy consumption, and raising the quality of the dried product are achieved in the TTM. For instance, the drying time and energy consumption are reduced at a two‐step temperature of 70to60°C compared to the fixed temperature of 60°C, along with a decrease in the color change compared to the fixed temperature of 70°C. The results indicated that Midilli et al. model resulted in the best fitness in explaining the IR drying behavior of spearmint leaves.Practical applicationsDuring the falling rate period in drying process and especially at higher temperatures and powers, there is a potential for a decrease in the quality of the dried product, and even the risk of thermal runaway due to excessive temperature increase. Certainly, at lower powers and temperatures, the quality of the dried product can be enhanced. However, in this situation, the duration of the process and the energy consumed, which are two crucial factors in the drying process, increase, leading to financial losses for the producer. In the two‐step temperature method (TTM), due to the temperature reduction during the critical period of falling rate, the quality of the dried product improves by considering the processing time and energy consumption.
Drying kinetics and quality attributes analysis of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves under distinct drying methods
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Kumar Amit , Rout Rahul Kumar , Rao P. Srinivasa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present work aimed to analyze the drying kinetics and color degradation of moringa leaves in selected drying methods. Also, quantitatively analyze the retention of phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity. Moringa leaves were dried using three methods, namely, freeze‐drying (−42 ± 2°C, 0.024 ± 0.001 mbar), microwave drying (200, 400, and 600 W), and hot air oven drying (55, 65, and 75°C). Drying kinetics revealed that the drying of moringa leaves occurred in the falling rate period, which means the diffusion process controlled the moisture removal from leaves. The color degradation was most minor in freeze‐dried leaves, followed by microwave‐dried leaves at 200 W. The value of total phenolic content was found maximum (57.42 ± 2.49 mg GAE/g dm) under microwave drying at 200 W, while the same was found least in quantity (24.62 ± 1.10 mg GAE/g dm) for samples dried under hot air oven drying at 65°C. A similar pattern was observed for total flavonoid content. The antioxidant capacity of the samples dried in the freeze dryer was highest at 5.94 ± 0.25 mg GAE/g dm. This research revealed that microwave drying at 200 W is best regarding the overall quality attributes of moringa leaves.Practical ApplicationsDrying is one of the essential processes in the food industry, for example, drying is crucial for the production of herbal medicines, nutritional supplements and extracts, leaf‐based culinary ingredients, aroma and essential oils, natural dyes and pigments, etc. It is used to increase the shelf‐life of agricultural produce; it facilitates the transportation and storage of food products. This paper may help in the selection of the drying method and condition for leaves drying to have desired characteristics in the final product like color, bioactive compounds, or antioxidant properties; May help in the trade‐off among quality, time, and cost of the production. Moreover, it may be helpful in the designing of the multi‐mode dryer which may produce superior quality products with great energy efficiency in less time. Which further facilitates the manufacturing of nutritionally rich food products.
The Effect of Episodic Future Thinking on Learning Intention: Focusing on English Learning Goal‐Relevant Future Thinking in University Students
Authors: Asayama Akira , Nagamine Masato , Kainuma Ryo , Tang Li , Miwa Shuhei , Toyama Miki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe examined the effects of episodic future thinking related to achieving important learning goals on university students' learning intentions. Japanese university students (N = 70) participated in this experiment. Participants in the episodic future thinking condition were asked to imagine and describe events they would experience if they achieved their goals. In the semantic future thinking condition, we asked participants to describe their future selves after university graduation and rate the relevance of their future selves to their learning goals. Participants were then asked to respond to the learning intentions measures. Participants in the control condition responded to the measures of learning intentions after completing a questionnaire unrelated to future thinking. When the importance of goal attainment was high, participants in the episodic future thinking condition planned to study for significantly longer than those in the other conditions. Episodic future thinking related to achieving important learning goals strengthens learning intentions more than simple awareness of the future self and learning goals.
Holistic Processing of Recognition Memory for Face Identity: Evidence from a Face Morphing Paradigm
Authors: Kimitsuki Daiki , Mitsudo Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHolistic face processing refers to a tendency to see face parts as a whole. This study examined whether and how holistic processing affects recognition memory for face identity in a learned/novel morphing continuum. In the study phase of each experiment reported here, adult participants were asked to memorize (i.e., learn) a set of unfamiliar face images by viewing them once or twice. In the test phase, the participants were presented with face images morphed from learned and novel ones and were asked to report whether they viewed the face in the study phase. In Experiment 1, we demonstrated that our morphing paradigm can capture memory selectivity changes (i.e., recognition boundary and sensitivity) associated with learned face identity. In Experiment 2, we demonstrated that whole‐face presentations improved sensitivity to learned/novel face identity, but did not alter the recognition boundary between learned and novel face identity. These results support the view that holistic processing contributes to accurate face identification in recognition memory, even under minimal learning situations.
Influence of Implicit Attitudes Toward Infants on the Perception of Infant Cuteness
Authors: Ikeda Shinnosuke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt has been reported that males in early adulthood may experience difficulty in perceiving infant cuteness. This phenomenon has been attributed to the evolutionary acquisition of parenting‐related responses; however, the factors that influence individual differences in cuteness perception remain unclear. The present study investigated the impact of implicit attitudes toward infants on the accuracy of infant cuteness perception among Japanese university students (N = 72). A novel Implicit Association Test was developed to assess implicit attitudes toward infants. The findings revealed that females had more accurate perceptions of infant cuteness and more positive implicit attitudes toward infants. Notably, among males, a more positive implicit attitude toward infants was associated with increased accuracy in perceiving infant cuteness. Finally, the mechanisms by which various responses to infants are acquired were discussed.