bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineered Glucose Oxidase‐Carbon Nanotube Conjugates for Tissue‐Translatable Glucose Nanosensors
Authors: Nishitani Shoichi , Tran Tiffany , Puglise Andrew , Yang Sounghyun , Landry Markita P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractContinuous and non‐invasive glucose monitoring and imaging is important for disease diagnosis, treatment, and management. However, glucose monitoring remains a technical challenge owing to the dearth of tissue‐transparent glucose sensors. In this study, we present the development of near‐infrared fluorescent single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) based nanosensors directly functionalized with glucose oxidase (GOx) capable of immediate and reversible glucose imaging in biological fluids and tissues. We prepared GOx‐SWCNT nanosensors by facile sonication of SWCNT with GOx in a manner that—surprisingly—does not compromise the ability of GOx to detect glucose. Importantly, we find by using denatured GOx that the fluorescence modulation of GOx‐SWCNT is not associated with the catalytic oxidation of glucose but rather triggered by glucose‐GOx binding. Leveraging the unique response mechanism of GOx‐SWCNT nanosensors, we developed catalytically inactive apo‐GOx‐SWCNT that enables both sensitive and reversible glucose imaging, exhibiting a ΔF/F0 of up to 40 % within 1 s of exposure to glucose without consuming the glucose analyte. We finally demonstrate the potential applicability of apo‐GOx‐SWCNT in biomedical applications by glucose quantification in human plasma and glucose imaging in mouse brain slices.
Bismuth in Radical Chemistry and Catalysis
Authors: Mato Mauro , Cornella Josep 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhereas indications of radical reactivity in bismuth compounds can be traced back to the 19th century, the preparation and characterization of both transient and persistent bismuth‐radical species has only been established in recent decades. These advancements led to the emergence of the field of bismuth radical chemistry, mirroring the progress seen for other main‐group elements. The seminal and fundamental studies in this area have ultimately paved the way for the development of catalytic methodologies involving bismuth‐radical intermediates, a promising approach that remains largely untapped in the broad landscape of synthetic organic chemistry. In this review, we delve into the milestones that eventually led to the present state‐of‐the‐art in the field of radical bismuth chemistry. Our focus aims at outlining the intrinsic discoveries in fundamental inorganic/organometallic chemistry and contextualizing their practical applications in organic synthesis and catalysis.
Effects of metal oxides on the dielectric and mechanical properties of silicone rubber composites
Authors: Huang Bin , Yu Yan , Zhao Yan , Zhao Yunfeng , Dai Lina , Zhang Zhijie , Fei Hua‐Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolysiloxane dielectric elastomers have garnered a considerable deal of attention over the last decade due to their potential as electroactive soft materials. However, the intrinsic low dielectric constant of polysiloxanes has proven a serious limitation in their practical use. In this work, we controlled the dielectric properties of silicone rubber composites by changing the type and content of oxide fillers. The silicone‐based dielectric elastomers with a high dielectric constant (5.21@1 kHz), low modulus (1.62 MPa), and high elongation (1100%) were successfully obtained. The effects of different types of metal oxides on the dielectric properties and mechanical properties of the prepared composites are further explored. Due to their excellent comprehensive features, these types of materials are expected to be applied in capacitive sensors, actuators, generators, and beyond.
A challenge‐based interdisciplinary undergraduate concept fostering translational medicine
Authors: Valentijn Floris A. , Schakelaar Michael Y. , Hegeman Maria A. , Schot Willemijn D. , Dictus Wim J. A. G. , Crnko Sandra , ten Broeke Toine , Bovenschen Niels 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTranslational medicine (TM) is an interdisciplinary branch of biomedicine that bridges the gap from bench‐to‐bedside to improve global health. Fundamental TM skills include interdisciplinary collaboration, communication, critical thinking, and creative problem‐solving (4Cs). TM is currently limited in undergraduate biomedical education programs, with little patient contact and opportunities for collaboration between different disciplines. In this study, we developed and evaluated a novel interdisciplinary challenge‐based educational concept, grounded in the theoretical framework of experimental research‐based education, to implement TM in undergraduate biomedicine and medicine programs. Students were introduced to an authentic clinical problem through an interdisciplinary session with patients, medical doctors, and scientists. Next, students collaborated in groups to design unique laboratory‐based research proposals addressing this problem. Stakeholders subsequently rewarded the best proposal with funding to be executed in a consecutive interdisciplinary laboratory course, in which mixed teams of biomedicine and medicine students performed the research in a fully equipped wet laboratory. Written questionnaires and focus groups revealed that students developed 4C skills and acquired a 4C mindset. Working on an authentic patient case and the interdisciplinary setting positively contributed to communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creative problem‐solving skills. Furthermore, students were intrinsically motivated by (i) the relevance of their work that made them feel taken seriously and competent, (ii) the patient involvement that highlighted the societal relevance of their work, and (iii) the acquisition of a realistic view of what doing science in a biomedical research laboratory is. In conclusion, we showcase a widely applicable interdisciplinary challenge‐based undergraduate concept fostering TM.
Metabolism of four novel structural analogs of ketamine, 2‐FXE [2‐(ethylamino)‐2‐(2‐fluorophenyl) cyclohexan‐1‐one], 2‐MDCK [2‐(methylamino)‐2‐(o‐tolyl) cyclohexan‐1‐one], 3‐DMXE [2‐(ethylamino)‐2‐(m‐tolyl) cyclohexan‐1‐one], and 2‐DMXE [2‐(ethylamino)‐2‐(o‐tolyl) cyclohexan‐1‐one], in human liver microsomes based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Hu Wen , Liu Cuimei , Hua Zhendong , Li Jing , Li Zhiyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNew psychoactive substances are constantly emerging, among which ketamine analogs with the core structure of 2‐amino‐2‐phenylcyclohexanone have attracted global attention due to their continued involvement in acute intoxications. The monitoring of these substances largely relies on the acquisition of metabolic data. However, the lack of in vitro human metabolism information for these emerging structural analogs presents significant challenges to drug control efforts. To address this challenge, we investigated the first‐phase metabolism patterns of four novel ketamine structural analogs of 2‐FXE [2‐(ethylamino)‐2‐(2‐fluorophenyl) cyclohexan‐1‐one], 2‐MDCK [2‐(methylamino)‐2‐(o‐tolyl) cyclohexan‐1‐one], 3‐DMXE [2‐(ethylamino)‐2‐(m‐tolyl) cyclohexan‐1‐one], and 2‐DMXE [2‐(ethylamino)‐2‐(o‐tolyl) cyclohexan‐1‐one] utilizing human liver microsomes for the first time. Metabolites were identified using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Our findings reveal that N‐dealkylation and hydroxylation are the primary metabolic reactions, alongside other notable reactions, including oxidation, reduction, and dehydration. Based on our extensive research, we propose N‐dealkylation and hydroxylation metabolites as appropriate analytical markers for monitoring the consumption of these substances.
Business response to mandatory corporate social responsibility with evidence from India
Authors: Kulkarni Vikrant , Aggarwal Ashish 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere has been a lot of discussion on the shift from voluntary to mandatory corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its impacts in different countries across the globe. India is unique in this context as the reporting and expenditure of a certain amount under CSR has been mandated for companies. This article analyzes the changes and responses of Indian businesses post‐2014, when new CSR rules were enacted. The key objectives of this study are to assess the level of awareness and compliance, thematic and geographical focus areas for CSR projects, and drivers and barriers to the adoption of mandatory CSR. We performed a secondary analysis of the data from 60 companies, followed by extensive primary research through in‐person interviews and offline questionnaire responses with 100 key CSR professionals from different companies in India. A key finding from the study is that the awareness of CSR policy and the pool of CSR funds has increased. The policy mandates have been a good driver in improving transparency and reporting quality. However, there is a predominant focus on four thematic areas of education, healthcare, hunger, and poverty alleviation despite the government's efforts to expand in other areas. The geographical spread of expenditure is limited to a few key industrial states in India, limiting CSR's contribution towards national development. The study adds to the CSR literature associated with institutional and stakeholder theories by looking at the response of legally bound organizations toward society and the environment. Finally, the study provides valuable information for governments and regulatory authorities considering the mandatory implementation of CSR expenditure across the globe.
Research Progress and Modification Measures of Anode and Cathode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Lei , Tian Hualing , Yao Xiang , Cai Yanjun , Gao Ziwei , Su Zhi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) work similarly to lithium‐ion batteries, but they cost less and are safer. However, the battery has some shortcomings, such as low energy density and poor stability, which hinder its development and application. The development of electrode materials with low cost and high‐performance characteristics is a hot and difficult point in the research of SIBs. In this paper, the existing sodium ion cathode and anode materials are systematically reviewed. Firstly, the electrochemical structures and properties of various cathode and anode materials were introduced, and the limitations of cathode and anode materials of SIBs were analyzed. Based this, the current modification methods were summarized, such as surface coating of materials, doping of heteroatoms and metal elements to improve the electrochemical performance. In this paper, the research progress and modification measures of SIBs are summarized and prospected. It is helpful to further improve its comprehensive performance and lay a foundation for the future application of cathode and anode materials for SIBs.
High Salt Electrolyte Solutions Challenge the Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction to Formate at Indium and Tin Cathodes
Authors: Kas Aykut , Izadi Paniz , Harnisch Falk 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInvited for this issue's Front Cover is the group of Falk Harnisch at the Helmholtz‐Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ in Leipzig. The Front Cover illustrates use and effect of high‐salt electrolyte solutions on the electrochemical reduction of CO2 into formate at conditions allowing its use as feed for halophilic microorganism. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202300311.
Repli‐seq Sample Preparation using Cell Sorting with Cell‐Permeant Dyes
Authors: Meyer‐Nava Silvia , Shetty Anala V. , Rivera‐Mulia Juan Carlos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReplication timing is significantly correlated with gene expression and chromatin organization, changes dynamically during cell differentiation, and is altered in diseased states. Genome‐wide analysis of replication timing is performed in actively replicating cells by Repli‐seq. Current methods for Repli‐seq require cells to be fixed in large numbers. This is a barrier for sample types that are sensitive to fixation or are in very limited numbers. In this article, we outline optimized methods to process live cells and intact nuclei for Repli‐seq. Our protocol enables the processing of a smaller number of cells per sample and reduces processing time and sample loss while obtaining high‐quality data. Further, for samples that tend to form clumps and are difficult to dissociate into a single‐cell suspension, we also outline methods for isolation, staining, and processing of nuclei for Repli‐seq. The Repli‐seq data obtained from live cells and intact nuclei are comparable to those obtained from the standard protocols. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Live cell isolation and stainingAlternate Protocol: Nuclei isolation and staining
Detection of anabolic agents including selective androgen receptor modulators in samples outside of sport
Authors: Bohlin Kim Petterson , Pohanka Anton , Andersson Alexander , Villén Tomas , Ekström Lena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSelective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are prohibited by the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) since 2008. Similarly, to anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), SARMs are detrimental to health not only in athletes but also in the general population. However, studies of the occurrence of SARMs outside of sport are scarce. Swedish healthcare samples from the Drugs of Abuse Laboratory at Karolinska were analyzed using WADA‐accredited screening methods at the Doping Control Laboratory in Stockholm to estimate the frequency of SARM use outside of the WADA laboratories. Twenty (4%) of the male urine samples (n = 542) were positive for SARMs, whereas none of the analyzed female samples (n = 100) contained any SARMs. The top three SARMs found were LGD‐4033 followed by RAD140 and ostarine. Two or more SARMs were found in >50% of the SARM‐positive samples. AASs were identified in 40% of samples containing SARMs. A difference between genders was observed where 34% male and 7% female samples contained AAS. Many samples displayed testosterone/epitestosterone values indicative of testosterone intake, without presence of other AAS, and hence, there is a risk that these samples are being falsely reported as negative. Our results indicate that SARM use might be a concern outside of sport. Subsequently, in addition to AAS, the healthcare system should also be informed about SARM abuse and the associated adverse side effects.
Differential Runx3, Eomes, and T‐bet expression subdivides MS‐associated CD4+ T cells with brain‐homing capacity
Authors: Hoeks Cindy , Puijfelik Fabiënne van , Koetzier Steven C. , Rip Jasper , Corsten Cato E.A. , Wierenga‐Wolf Annet F. , Melief Marie‐José , Stinissen Piet , Smolders Joost , Hellings Niels , Broux Bieke , van Luijn Marvin M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a common and devastating chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS. CD4+ T cells are assumed to be the first to cross the blood–central nervous system (CNS) barrier and trigger local inflammation. Here, we explored how pathogenicity‐associated effector programs define CD4+ T cell subsets with brain‐homing ability in MS. Runx3‐ and Eomes‐, but not T‐bet‐expressing CD4+ memory cells were diminished in the blood of MS patients. This decline reversed following natalizumab treatment and was supported by a Runx3+Eomes+T‐bet− enrichment in cerebrospinal fluid samples of treatment‐naïve MS patients. This transcription factor profile was associated with high granzyme K (GZMK) and CCR5 levels and was most prominent in Th17.1 cells (CCR6+CXCR3+CCR4−/dim). Previously published CD28− CD4 T cells were characterized by a Runx3+Eomes−T‐bet+ phenotype that coincided with intermediate CCR5 and a higher granzyme B (GZMB) and perforin expression, indicating the presence of two separate subsets. Under steady‐state conditions, granzyme Khigh Th17.1 cells spontaneously passed the blood–brain barrier in vitro. This was only found for other subsets including CD28− cells when using inflamed barriers. Altogether, CD4+ T cells contain small fractions with separate pathogenic features, of which Th17.1 seems to breach the blood–brain barrier as a possible early event in MS.
Direct charge transfer between arbitrary lithium polymer cells based on a new control strategy
Authors: Esmaeili Ali , Narm Hossein Gholizadeh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a new control strategy, along with an innovative switching pattern, is proposed for the transfer of charge from one cell to another, whether they are adjacent or nonadjacent, or even to multiple cells simultaneously. Therefore, this strategy improves the efficiency of state of charge balancing, which is critical for lithium polymer (LiPo) batteries. Unlike in previous studies, all these functions are realized with a simple structure that employs standard DC–DC buck‐boost converters, without any additional complexities. By implementing the proposed control strategy, the effects of inaccuracies in the gain of current sensors, as well as multiplicative measurement noises, are reduced. The proposed method is applied to a set of five series LiPo cells, and a comprehensive investigation is conducted to assess both its balancing algorithm and operation. The simulation results illustrate the effective balancing performance and the achievement of the desired charge transfer through the proposed approach. An experimental setup, which includes five LiPo cells with a capacity of 1530 milliampere‐hours (mAh), is used to verify the proposed method. The outcomes demonstrate that the balancing of all cells is accurately performed under different initial conditions, within an acceptable time frame.
Can Dawul Kurundu (Neolitsea involucrate) leaf extract be used as a plant‐based stabilizer in set yoghurt production?
Authors: Wijekoon Wimukthika , Kumarasinghe Udayagee , Alahakoon Amali , Jayarathna Shishanthi , Priyashantha Hasitha 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe incorporation of plant‐derived stabilizers in food processing and preservation has gained considerable industrial interest. The leaf extract of Neolitsea involucrate, Dawul Kurundu (DK), has proven to be a potent plant‐derived stabilizing agent in the food industry. However, the potential of utilizing DK leaf extract in the dairy industry has not yet been proven. Thus, the feasibility of incorporating DK leaf extract in set yoghurt production by assessing its physicochemical, sensory, proximate composition, minerals (calcium and phosphorous), and microbial (Escherichia coli, yeast, and mold) quality parameters during storage at 4°C up to 21 days was assessed. DK leaf aqueous extracts of 0.4% w/v (T2), 0.6% w/v (T3), and 0.8% w/v (T4) were used for testing with the control sample, 0.6% gelatin (T1). Compared to T1, there were no differences in color, taste, texture, and mouthfeel in all DK leaf extract‐incorporated yoghurts, demonstrating the suitability of using DK leaf extract to replace the gelatin. A decreasing pattern of pH value was observed during 21 days of the storage period in all treatments, whereas total titratable acidity increased significantly with time. Furthermore, the lowest syneresis value was obtained by T4, demonstrating ideal stabilizing properties at higher incorporation levels. The proximate, mineral, and microbial compositions of all treatments showed no significant difference compared to the control. Therefore, overall results revealed that the 0.8% w/v level of DK leaf extract incorporation (T4) could be used as a potent stabilizer in set yoghurt production by allowing the possibility of replacing the gelatin without compromising its organoleptic properties. Improved and efficient methods for extracting the DK leaf extracts by focusing on their potential functional and health effects should be further examined.
Modified one‐step conservative uterine surgery (MOSCUS) versus cesarean hysterectomy in the management of placenta accreta spectrum: A single‐center retrospective analysis based on 619 Vietnamese pregnant women
Authors: Vuong Anh Dinh Bao , Pham Thanh Hai , Pham Xuan Trang Thi , Truong Diem Phuong , Nguyen Xuan Trang , Trinh Ngoc Bich , Nguyen Dinh Vinh , Nguyen Yen Oanh Ngoc , Nguyen To Nhu Thi Ngo , Ho Quang Nhat , Nguyen Phuc Nhon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo compare maternal outcome measures in surgical management of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS)—the modified one‐step conservative uterine surgery (MOSCUS), a new approach at Tu Du Hospital in Vietnam, versus cesarean hysterectomy, and to identify factors that appear to contribute to the successful outcome of the MOSCUS.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted at Tu Du Hospital in southern Vietnam between January 2019 and December 2020. The study enrolled all pregnant women at more than 28 weeks of pregnancy with a diagnosis of PAS who underwent either a cesarean hysterectomy or a uterus‐preserving approach using the MOSCUS method.ResultsThe prevalence of PAS at our single tertiary referral hospital was 0.4% (619 PAS cases/132 518 births) in 2 years. Among 296 patients, the surgical time duration, estimated blood loss, and red blood cell transfusion in the MOSCUS group (n = 217) were all significantly less than in the cesarean hysterectomy group (n = 79) (152.72 ± 42.23 vs 185.13 ± 58.22 min, 1000 vs 1500 mL, and 500 vs 710 mL, respectively). Intraoperatively, the rate of visceral injuries in the hysterectomy group was higher than that in the MOSCUS group (P < 0.001). However, the rate of postoperative infection was higher in the MOSCUS group than in the cesarean hysterectomy group (P = 0.012). Of a total of 217 cases managed using the MOSCUS management, 24 required a secondary hysterectomy; the success rate was 88.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 84.3%–93.1%). Some of the primary factors associated with the success of MOSCUS included maternal age less than 35 years, planned surgery, severity of PAS, and estimated blood loss during surgery (odds ratio [OR] 5.16, 95% CI 1.96–13.59; OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.08–8.62; OR 3.62, 95% CI 1.19–10.98; and OR 49.66, 95% CI 11.16–221.02, respectively; P < 0.05).ConclusionMOSCUS is an acceptable alternative to cesarean hysterectomy in many patients diagnosed with PAS. This new surgical management of PAS resulted in the preservation of the uterus, and a favorable outcome in nearly 9 out of 10 pregnant women. We believe that MOSCUS can be safely offered for the management of PAS in referral hospital settings.