bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical, chemical and microbial quality of peanuts collected from different sources of the marketing chain
Authors: Rahmianna A. A. , Ginting E. , Purnomo J. , Sundari T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Groundnut is a healthy food by the presence of calcium and magnesium, vitamin E, oleic acids, fibre, arginine, and phenolic compounds. Relates to human health, however, peanut is susceptible to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination. The study aims to evaluate the physical and chemical quality, aflatoxin B1 contamination, and phenolic content of peanuts collected from farmers, collectors, wholesalers, and retailers at Sinjai District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia during wet season. The results showed that intact seeds reduced from 82.8% in farmer’s level to 75.9% in retailers at traditional markets, as the increase of shrivelled and damage kernels. The average moisture content in marketing chain was 9.5%, which was higher than 8% as recommended. The infection of A. flavus was high in big traders and drastically reduced in retailer level. Aflatoxin B1 contamination went up from farmer to retailer beyond the permitted level of 15 µg kg−1. Total phenolic contents of peanuts collected from marketing chain ranged from 42.6 – 88.6 mg GAE/g that 60-80% lower than the ones contained by the newly harvested peanuts (81.9 – 116.6 mg GAE/g). Reasonable low physical quality and potentially high aflatoxin contamination of peanuts in retailer level suggest the essential of good handling practices to be introduced to peanut stakeholders.
Antioxidant capacity, beta-carotene, and ascorbic acid of Sumatera indigenous monkey jack (Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Hamm) Fruits
Authors: Pardede E. , Julianti E. , Tampubolon B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, beta-carotene content, ascorbic acid concentration, and other compositional indices of the native but underutilized monkey jack (Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Hamm) fruit. The evaluation was conducted on unripe monkey jack fruits that were almost fully developed. The measurements of monkey jack fruit’s moisture, total soluble solid, and titratable acid were found to be 84.58 0.1%, 10.33 0.7 oBrix, and 3.92 0.6 g.100g-1, respectively. The hue value of 44.653.8, along with the L, a, and b values of 46.602.3, 25.002.3, and 26.131.9, respectively, indicate that the fruit flesh is pink. Using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, the antioxidant activity of monkey jack fruit was determined to be 57.75 1.8 ppm, but the carotenoid and ascorbic acid concentrations were 54.22 1.4 and 45.90 1.8, respectively. This study demonstrated the significant potential of the Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Hamm fruit to serve as a natural source of antioxidant components.
Physical and Textural Properties of Soy Oil-Based Full-Fat Mayonnaise Enriched with Virgin Red Palm Oil
Authors: Wiguna B , Kahfi J , Aji G K , Rachman D , Nasori A S , Maryana E , Muhamaludin  , Atmaji P , Hidayat T , Soraya M , Purwanto W , Susetyo I B , Widodo W E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Mayonnaise, a classic condiment, is made by gradually mixing between the oil phase (vegetable oils) and the water phase such as egg yolk, vinegar, salt, sugar, and seasonings, creating a semi-solid emulsion. This study aimed to identify the effect of virgin red palm oil addition on the physical and textural properties of full-fat mayonnaise. The study formulated full-fat mayonnaise using soybean oil as an oil base. In addition, virgin red palm oil, replacing soybean oil, was introduced into the mayo recipe at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% as a bioactive ingredient. The physical characteristics were examined by assessing several parameters such as viscosity, pH value, color, and emulsion stability as well as a creaming index. Concurrently, a texture analyzer was employed to assess the textural qualities of full-fat mayonnaise encompassing firmness, consistency, and cohesiveness. The study found that the physical and textural characteristics of full-fat mayonnaise varied depending on the variation of red palm oil addition. All in all, full-fat mayonnaise properties, particularly physical and textural parameter, was affected by the substitution of soybean oil with various percentages of virgin red palm oil.
Effect of an Amplitude and Time Duration at Betacyanin Extraction by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) Method
Authors: Khamidah A. , Sunarharum W. B. , Putri W. D. R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Dragon fruit peel is a byproduct of agriculture that naturally dyes with betacyanin. Application of betacyanin as a natural dye obtained by extraction. In this study, betacyanin was extracted from dragon fruit peel using the Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) technique in order to assess its impact on yield, betacyanin concentration, and redness value. UAE performed extraction with several amplitude levels (60, 72, 84, and 96%) and time durations (4; 10; 16; 22 and 28 minutes). The results significantly affected betacyanin content, redness value, and yield. Based on the Zeleney, the best treatment showed that the extraction with an amplitude of 84% for 16 minutes produced the highest response with betacyanin content, redness value, and yield, respectively of 282.002 mg/L; 48.40 and 64.52%.
Characterization E. coli isolated clinical and subclinical mastitis at Ettawa-Crossbreed Goat (PE) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Suwito W , Andriani  , Martini T , Nugroho WS 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Clinical (CM) and subclinical mastitis (SCM) in Ettawa-Crossbreed goat (PE) are inflicting a financial loss. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is Gram-negative bacteria that is responsible for causing CM and SCM in goats. The purpose of this research is characterization E. coli from CM and SCM cases at PE goat in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of eight E. coli isolates were obtained, with three from cases of CM and five from cases of SCM. The phenotypic characterization of E. coli involves various factors such as morphology, biochemical properties, hemolysin production, and sensitivity to antimicrobials. The study found no discernible disparities in morphology and biochemical characteristics of E. coli isolates in CM and SCM obtained from PE goats. E. coli isolates from SCM did not demonstrate hemolytic activity. However, one isolate of E. coli type ß-hemolytic was identified from CM. E. coli isolates found in CM and SCM in PE goats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia was resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole. The phenotypic characterization did not differentiate between the E. coli isolates that caused CM and SCM. Therefore, it can be concluded that there are no discernible differences in the phenotypic character of E. coli isolates in CM and SCM in PE goats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
The Effect of Black Soldier Fly Maggot Powder on Performance, Digestive Organ Weight, and Carcass Proportion Supermaron Native Chicken
Authors: Nandhirabrata R , Widiastuti E , Sugiharto S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine if and how the maggot black army fly flour in the diet affects the health and productivity of domesticated supermaron chickens. The feed ration contains black soldier fly (BSF) maggot flour, which has the potential to be employed as a source of animal protein both biologically and commercially. This study was conducted in vivo, which means that varied degrees of administration in the ratio of the protein content in the ration were given directly to animals. T-Test was used in this investigation with two treatments and eight replications. The treatment consisted of control (T0), namely complete feed with 20% protein content, and T1 in the form of control feed plus supplementation of maggot flour with protein content of 40.83% as much as 10% of each portion of feed given. The parameters studied were performance, weight and length of digestive organs, and proportion of carcass consisting of feed consumption, ADG, FCR, Digestive organs mass relatives, and carcass proportions. Based on the research that supplementation with 10% maggot flour has not had a significant effect on all parameters found. This is due to the possibility that a complete diet that satisfies the nutritional requirements of domesticated supermaron chickens and the addition of 10% BSF maggot flour have not been able to maximize the productivity of domesticated supermaron chickens, necessitating increased BSF maggot meal levels.
A fast fabrication technique of FTO/AuNPs electrochemical electrodes for on-site arsenic (III) detection
Authors: Nguyen Van Vien , Hoang Nguyen Thu Hien , Nguyen Canh Minh Thang , Ngo Hoang Long , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Le Viet Hai , Nguyen Thai Hoang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, gold nanoelectrodes were fabricated via electrical deposition of gold nanoparticles (NPs) onto FTO electrodes using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 1 M H3PO4 solution at a scan rate of 100 mV.s−1 in the potential range of 0–1.4 V and −0.5–0.6 V. The fabricated FTO/AuNP electrodes were characterised by UV–vis, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, as well as CV and linear sweep voltammetry; the presence of gold on the electrode surface and its electrochemical properties were confirmed towards hydroquinone. The electrodes with the best electrochemical properties were chosen for arsenic(III) determination. The fabricated FTO/AuNP electrodes in the potential range of 0–1.4 V exhibited the high sensitivity with limit of detection (LOD) of 3.04 ppb and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 9.23 ppb, whereas the FTO/AuNP electrode fabricated in the potential range of −0.5 V–0.6 V displayed the enhancement sensitivity with LOD = 0.623 ppb and LOQ = 1.89 ppb.
Circulating-infiltrating preparation of hydrophilic nylon 6 membrane to hydrophobic MWCNT@nylon composite membrane
Authors: Phong Mai Thanh , Vuong Vinh-Dat , Tai Nguyen Tan , Nazeri Muhammad Firdaus Mohd , Nguyen Tien-Thanh , Thi Pham Tan , Le Thang Van 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The ion adsorption capacity has been added to the nylon 6 microfiltration (MF) membrane by grafting the fibers in its structure with carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH). Through a direct three-step functionalization reaction with hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and MWCNT-COOH, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes grafted nylon (MWCNT@nylon) fibers are made up of original nylon 6 and intermediate amino-enriched (nylon-NH2) membranes. Chemical structure analysis shows that HMDA and MWCNTs were grafted to the nylon 6 fiber side wall, without causing damage to either the nylon 6 backbone or the pore size of the original membrane. The SEM images confirm this and further confirm that the plexus of MWCNT-COOH has a pore size of approximately 50 nm, covering the nylon 6 fibers. The sidewall of nylon-NH2 and MWCNT@nylon fibers contains hydrophilic groups (amino and carboxylic), allowing the as-prepared membranes to reduce the wetting angle from about 70.3° to about 108.1°. This special structure opens new possibilities for polyamide membranes as well as mass production by the proposed simple method.
Considerations for MR-linac bunker shielding design
Authors: Quintero Castelán María del Sol , Hernández Christian Estrada , Chávez Pablo Abel Chee , Rojas-López José Alejandro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose. To show the considerations followed for MR-linac in shielding design for the first MR-linac in Mexico following the national clinical necessities. Method. The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) 151 recommendations were followed for the shielding design for primary and secondary barriers and the door design. The calculations were made considering the clinical demands in the country, that is, intensity modulated (IMRT) and 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DC-RT) in 80%–20% proportion. Results. The values obtained in the level survey fully comply with the limits established by the national regulatory authority and with those recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for public and occupational exposures. Conclusion. It is remarkable that the workload may increase or that the doses per patient may increase considering occupancy factors, which would allow the introduction of hypofractionated techniques with the same number of patients considered in this work without the need to make modifications in the bunker design.
Drought effects on soil organic carbon under different agricultural systems
Authors: Soares Pedro R , Harrison Matthew T , Kalantari Zahra , Zhao Wenwu , Ferreira Carla S S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Drought is a natural hazard occurring with increasing frequency due to climate change. Drought events reduce soil water content and also soil organic carbon (SOC) content, with negative impacts on crop development and food security. This study investigates the impact of drought on SOC dynamics in agricultural systems and the influence of water availability and farm management practices in these impacts. The manuscript is a systematic review, based on Scopus database for scoping the literature on the topic. A total of 283 records were retrieved, but only 16 papers were relevant for the review. The main findings are: (1) water plays a key role in regulating SOC mineralization due to its impact on dynamics of soil microbial communities, necessitating further research on water management to mitigate carbon losses during drought; (2) different agricultural systems can have differing impacts on SOC under drought conditions depending on crop type (e.g. pastures are more resilient than arable systems) and farm management practices; and (3) SOC loss generally occurs after a drought event, regardless of farm management regime, but the contribution of drought to this loss requires further research. Best management practices, such as cover cropping and soil amendment, can minimize SOC losses, but further research is required to optimize these practices in counteracting the effect of drought. A better understanding of the effects of drought on SOC dynamics, and of short-term and long-term ways to mitigate these effects, is important to ensure soil health and crop productivity.
Disaster education: empowering resilience and mitigating PTSD in disaster-prone areas of China
Authors: Hu Xiaoshan , Huang Peisen , Lv Yang , Liu Mingxia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe people of disaster-affected communities are suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to the adverse effects of natural disasters. Education about disasters has become a possible strategy for fostering resilience and easing PTSD symptoms. This study intends to investigate the moderating roles of social support and disaster experiences on the relationships between disaster education, psychological resilience, and PTSD in disaster-prone regions of Southwest China. This study used Disaster Education Evaluation Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Social Support Rating Scale (SRSS), event intensity Scale and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Rating Scale (PTSD-SS), surveyed 712 residents in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other areas where natural disasters frequently occur in Southwest China. The research findings indicate that there is a negative association between disaster education and PTSD. The association is influenced by the presence of improved psychological resilience, which acts as a mediator. Additionally, it was discovered that disaster events positively moderated the relationship between psychological resilience and PTSD while social support negatively moderated it. Resilience has a noteworthy role as a substantial mediator, highlighting its crucial function in mitigating the detrimental consequences of catastrophes and amplifying the beneficial outcomes of disaster education. These results imply that building psychological resilience, which might reduce PTSD symptoms in people living in disaster-prone regions, is a critical part of disaster education. The strength of the catastrophic event and social support are other factors that affect how psychological resilience and PTSD are related. The research argues that disaster education is crucial for strengthening community resilience and reducing PTSD symptoms in at-risk areas. To increase psychological resilience and lessen PTSD in high-risk locations, policymakers and disaster management organizations should emphasize disaster education initiatives and strengthen social support network.
Laser seeker design with multi-focal diffractive lens
Authors: Ünal Ahmet 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Diffractive optical elements are increasingly favoured due to their ability to provide numerous design freedoms by adjusting the Fresnel regions. The design freedoms make it possible to meet multiple system functions in electro-optical systems simultaneously by using a single optical element. This research introduces a novel laser seeker design with a multi-focal diffractive lens that enhances a laser seeker’s measurement sensitivity and linear measurement range. The development of the multi-focal combined lens, featuring two distinct regions with unique focal lengths, aims to simultaneously fulfill two system functions within the laser seeker. The central region of the lens is intended for adjusting the linear measurement range, while the outer region is utilized to regulate the measurement sensitivity of the seeker. The numerical optical wave propagation method was employed to simulate the behaviour of the laser seeker with a multi-focal diffractive lens, and the combined diffractive lens was compared to an ideal lens in the scope of laser seeker application. The simulation results indicate that the measurement sensitivity of the seeker has been increased between 0° to ±3° angular incidence, and the linear measurement range has been increased from ±18° to ±26°. The findings of this study contribute to the advancement of multi-focal diffractive lenses, which fulfil multiple functions within an electro-optical system concurrently.
Impact of tropical teleconnections on the long-range predictability of the atmosphere at midlatitudes: a reduced-order multi-scale model perspective
Authors: Vannitsem Stéphane 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Teleconnections between the tropical and the extratropical climates are often considered as a potential source of long-term predictability at seasonal to decadal time scales in the extratropics. This claim is taken up in the present work by investigating the predictability of a coupled ocean–atmosphere extratropical model under a one-way forcing generated by a tropical model. Both models display a chaotic dynamics, and the dominant variable of the extratropical model displays a high correlation with the tropical forcing in the reference simulation, inducing a low-frequency variability signal in the extratropics. Numerical experiments emulating the presence of initial condition errors in the tropical model are conducted to clarify their impact on the predictability in the extratropics. It is shown that: (i) the correlation skill of the dominant observable affected by the forcing is considerably degraded at interannual time scales due to the presence of initial condition errors in the tropics, limiting the potential of teleconnections; (ii) averaging of an ensemble of forecasts–with a small number of members–may substantially improve the quality of the forecasts; and (iii) temporal averaging may also improve the quality of the forecasts (at the expense of being able to forecast extreme events), in particular when the forcing affects weakly the observable under interest.
Structural and electronic properties of novel BeN4/MgN4 nanoribbons
Authors: Ponvijayakanthan L , Jaiswal Neeraj K , Ghosh Haranath 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nanostructures of novel materials are capable of altering the properties of materials quite drastically. Recently discovered Dirac monolayer BeN4 has drawn much attention since this Nitrogen-based material’s electronic structure is very similar to graphene. In this work, we have analyzed various possiblities of nanoribbons structures of MN4 (M=Be, Mg) monolayer materials. We have proposed several possible geometries of BeN4 and MgN4 nanoribbon structures. More specifically, we have proposed armchair nanoribbons with three possible edge configurations as well as zigzag nanoribbons based on edge geometry. Owing to the changes in coordination environment of nanoribbon edge atoms, the resulting bonding characteristics gets altered at the edges, leading to interesting electronic properties. The electronic structures of these nanoribbons are quite different from monolayer and reveal fascinating edge states that exclusively depend on the edge configuration. Though the armchair nanoribbons are found to be metallic, the electronic structure of zigzag nanoribbons exhibits band gap which lead to huge tunability potential of the investigated nanostructures. Therefore, these nanoribbons can function both, metallic as well as semiconducting as required in device applications which can be tuned by modulating the material geometry.
Potential impacts of transportation infrastructure improvements to maize and cassava supply chains in Zambia
Authors: Wang Junren , Konar Megan , Baylis Kathy , Estes Lyndon , Hadunka Protensia , Xiong Sitian , Caylor Kelly 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Agricultural supply chains play a crucial role in supporting food security in Africa. However, high-resolution supply chain information is often not available, which hinders our ability to determine which interventions in food supply chains would most enhance food security. In this study, we develop a high-resolution supply chain model for essential staple crops in Zambia, aiming to estimate how improvements in transportation infrastructure would impact food security. Specifically, we simulate district-level monthly consumption, trade flows, and storage for maize and cassava in Zambia. We then conduct a counterfactual case study with low transportation costs, discovering that reducing transaction costs leads to higher aggregate net agricultural revenue and aggregate net expenditure. These results indicate that transportation investments are more beneficial to suppliers than to consumers, with implications for household food security in smallholder agriculture. Our study highlights the potential for infrastructure investments to improve food security.
Observation of stabilized negative capacitance effect in hafnium-based ferroic films
Authors: Qiao Leilei , Zhao Ruiting , Song Cheng , Zhou Yongjian , Wang Qian , Ren Tian-Ling , Pan Feng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A negative capacitance (NC) effect has been proposed as a critical pathway to overcome the ‘Boltzmann tyranny’ of electrons, achieve the steep slope operation of transistors and reduce the power dissipation of current semiconductor devices. In particular, the ferroic property in hafnium-based films with fluorite structure provides an opportunity for the application of the NC effect in electronic devices. However, to date, only a transient NC effect has been confirmed in hafnium-based ferroic materials, which is usually accompanied by hysteresis and is detrimental to low-power transistor operations. The stabilized NC effect enables hysteresis-free and low-power transistors but is difficult to observe and demonstrate in hafnium-based films. This difficulty is closely related to the polycrystalline and multi-phase structure of hafnium-based films fabricated by atomic layer deposition or chemical solution deposition. Here, we prepare epitaxial ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 and antiferroelectric ZrO2 films with single-phase structure and observe the capacitance enhancement effect of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2/Al2O3 and ZrO2/Al2O3 capacitors compared to that of the isolated Al2O3 capacitor, verifying the stabilized NC effect. The capacitance of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 and ZrO2 is evaluated as −17.41 and −27.64 pF, respectively. The observation of the stabilized NC effect in hafnium-based films sheds light on NC studies and paves the way for low-power transistors.