bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin of Ultrapotassic, Ultracalcic, Ultrabasic SiO2‐Undersaturated Magmas: The Case Study of the Pleistocene Cupaello Kamafugite Monogenetic Volcano, Central Italy
Authors: Lustrino Michele , Pistocchi Lorenzo , Ronca Sara , Innocenzi Francesca , Agostini Samuele 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Pleistocene (∼0.6 Ma) Cupaello monogenetic volcano, cropping out in central Italy, belongs to the Intra Apennine Province (IAP). It is represented by a single lava flow with kamafugitic composition, associated with a volumetrically limited pyroclastic deposit and a phosphate‐rich layer close to the small vent. This kamafugite is characterized by ultrapotassic (K2O = 5.2–7.6 mass %; K2O/Na2O = 18.0–33.9), ultracalcic (CaO/Al2O3 = 2.2–2.4), ultrabasic (SiO2 = 42.6–44.1 mass %), and SiO2‐undersaturated (∼29% CIPW normative leucite) composition, with a peculiar paragenesis (kalsilite, melilite, phlogopite, clinopyroxene, calcite, olivine and glass, plus accessory phases). Trace elements (e.g., high LILE, high LILE/HFSE, negative anomalies for Nb, Ta, Ti and Eu, and Pb peaks in primitive mantle‐normalized diagrams) and isotopic constraints (e.g., strongly radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr, unradiogenic 143Nd/144Nd, high Δ7/4) point to subduction‐modified mantle sources. Cupaello products fall within the field of the IAP volcanic products, which define, as a whole, clear negative correlations of compatible and incompatible trace elements, as well as of all the other major oxides, with CaO. These trends are here interpreted as the effect of assimilation of crustal carbonates rather than the presence of a Ca‐carbonatitic component in the source, as instead commonly reported in literature. Despite this general trend, we emphasize that Cupaello rocks derive from partial melting of a subduction‐modified carbonated phlogopite‐peridotite source, followed by a prolonged fractional crystallization of olivine‐ and melilite‐rich kalsilitolite assemblages. A carbonatitic component is required to explain the absence of feldspars in the ultrabasic, ultracalcic and strongly SiO2‐undersaturated magma, whose composition was possibly modified in minimal amounts by carbonate assimilation at shallow depths.
Seasonal Variability of Eddy Kinetic Energy in the Greater Agulhas Current System
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Yan Xiaomei , Zhang Linlin , Hui Yuchao , Pang Chongguang , Liu Zhiliang , Hu Dunxin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBased on the novel energetic analysis tools, namely multiscale window transform and multiscale energy and vorticity analysis, this study investigates the seasonal variability of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) in the greater Agulhas Current system (GACS), which is divided into three subdomains based on the horizontal structures of background flows: the Mozambique Channel (MZC) subdomain, the northern Agulhas Current (NAC) subdomain, and the Agulhas retroflection (ARF) subdomain. Results show that the seasonality of EKE is spatially inhomogeneous. In the MZC subdomain, the EKE is strongest in spring and weakest in autumn, whereas in the NAC and ARF subdomains, the EKE level is highest in summer and lowest in winter. In all the three subdomains, the seasonal cycle of the barotropic instability of the mean flow corresponds well with that of the EKE. In contrast, the nonlocal transportation that mainly works on the redistribution of EKE is out of phase with the seasonality of EKE. Regarding the local wind forcing and baroclinic instability, they both have weak impacts on the EKE evolution, contributing power only about 10% of the barotropic instability. Moreover, neither of their seasonal cycles is consistent with the seasonality of EKE. Therefore, it is the barotropic instability of the mean flow that controls the seasonal variability of the EKE in the GACS.
Targeting glycolytic reprogramming by tsRNA-0032 for treating pathological lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Ye Fan , Zhang Ziran , Shi Lianjun , Lu Shuting , Li Xiumiao , Mu Wan , Jiang Qin , Yan Biao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is vital for tissue fluid homeostasis, immune function, and lipid absorption. Abnormal lymphangiogenesis has been implicated in several diseases such as cancers, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we elucidate the role of tsRNA-0032 in lymphangiogenesis and its molecular mechanism. tsRNA-0032 expression is significantly decreased in corneal suture model and human lymphatic endothelial cell (HLEC) model under inflammatory condition. Overexpression of tsRNA-0032 exerts anti-lymphangiogenic effects by inhibiting HLEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Moreover, overexpression of tsRNA-0032 inhibits suture-induced corneal lymphangiogenesis. tsRNA-0032 is mainly located in the cytoplasm and interacts with Ago2 protein. Overexpression of tsRNA-0032 reduces ATP production and decreases pyruvate and lactate levels by targeting PKM2, a key enzyme in glycolysis. This regulation of glycolysis alters cellular energy and metabolic balance in HLECs, contributing to anti-lymphangiogenic effects. Clinical data reveals that tsRNA-0032 levels are significantly reduced in corneal tissues of transplant recipients compared to donors, while PKM2 expression is elevated, highlighting the clinical relevance of tsRNA-0032/PKM2 axis in corneal lymphangiogenesis. This study offers new insights into the regulation of lymphangiogenesis and presents potential therapeutic targets for lymphangiogenesis-related diseases.
PARP inhibition-associated heterochromatin confers increased DNA replication stress and vulnerability to ATR inhibition in SMARCA4-deficient cells
Authors: Yano Kimiyoshi , Kato Megumi , Endo Syoju , Igarashi Taichi , Wada Ryoga , Kohno Takashi , Zimmermann Astrid , Dahmen Heike , Zenke Frank T. , Shiotani Bunsyo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
DNA replication stress (RS), a prevalent feature of various malignancies, arises from both genetic mutations and genotoxic exposure. Elevated RS levels increase the vulnerability of cancer cells to ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase inhibitors (ATRis). Here, we screened for DNA damage response inhibitors that enhance ATRi-induced cytotoxicity using SWI/SNF complex-deficient cells and identified a potent synergy between ATRi and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi), particularly in SMARCA4-deficient cells. PARP inhibition triggers chromatin changes, namely elevated histone H3 at lysine 9 di-methylation (H3K9me2), a hallmark of facultative heterochromatin, increasing dependence on ATR activity for replication fork progression and cell survival. Interestingly, SMARCA4 deficient cells, intrinsically vulnerable to replication stress, exhibited exacerbated DNA damage upon combined ATRi and PARPi treatment in a Mre11- and Mus81-mediated manner. In vivo, combined treatment with intermittent ATRi and continuous PARPi showed greater inhibition of tumor growth than ATRi alone in SMARCA4-deficient lung adenocarcinoma xenograft models. These findings demonstrate that PARPi-induced heterochromatin amplifies RS and ATRi susceptibility, providing a potential rationale for therapeutic strategies targeting SMARCA4-deficient tumors.
SPHK1 enhances olaparib resistance in ovarian cancer through the NFκB/NRF2/ferroptosis pathway
Authors: Teng Kai , Ma Hanlin , Gai Panpan , Zhao Xuelian , Qi Gonghua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
PARPis resistance is a challenge in the treatment of ovarian cancer. To investigate the potential mechanism involved in olaparib resistance of ovarian cancer, high-throughput sequencing was performed on olaparib-resistant SKOV3 cell line named SK/Ola. SPHK1 was upregulated in SK/Ola cells and was related to the PFS and OS in ovarian cancer patients. However, the effect and mechanism of SPHK1 on olaparib sensitivity in ovarian cancer were obscure. In this study, we found that SPHK1 promoted olaparib resistance. While, SPHK1 knockdown and SPHK1 inhibitor (PF-543 hydrochloride, named PF-543 in this article) enhanced the effect of olaparib on ovarian cancer cells. In mechanism, SPHK1 activated the NF-κB pathway through promoting p-IκBα degradation. Moreover, SPHK1 inhibited, but PF-543 activated ferroptosis in OC cells. Further investigation revealed that SPHK1 activated NF-κB p65, which in turn transcriptionally regulated NRF2 to inhibit ferroptosis in OC cells. Functionally, NF-κB p65 attenuated the PF-543-induced ferroptosis, and this effect was rescued by ferroptosis inducer erastin and RSL3. We conclude that SPHK1 inhibition triggers ferroptosis by restricting NF-κB-activated NRF2 transcription, thereby enhancing olaparib sensitivity in ovarian cancer. In vivo experiments also confirmed that the SPHK1 inhibitor increased olaparib sensitivity. A combination of SPHK1 inhibitors and olaparib may provide a therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.
Perilipin2-dependent lipid droplets accumulation promotes metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma via epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zhang Jiayu , Peng Jianmin , Wang Siyu , Wang Li , Sun Yutong , Xia Juan , Cheng Bin , Hu Qinchao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that lipid metabolic reprogramming plays a vital role in tumor metastasis. The effect and mechanism of fatty acids and lipid droplets (LDs), the core products of lipid metabolism, on the metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), need further exploration. In this study, the influence of palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA) on the migration and invasion ability of OSCC cells was determined by in vitro experiments. Genetic manipulation of PLIN2 was performed to explore its effect on the accumulation of LDs and OSCC metastasis. Possible mechanisms of these biological effects were clarified by detecting the levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway proteins as well as conducting various bioinformatics analyses. The results indicated that PA/OA promoted the migration and invasion of OSCC cells and induced PLIN2-dependent LDs accumulation in vitro. Knockdown of PLIN2 inhibited the LDs accumulation and the migration and invasion of OSCC cells in vitro, while overexpression of PLIN2 enhanced those of OSCC cells in vitro and also promoted the metastasis of OSCC in vivo. Besides, PLIN2 up-regulation activated the PI3K pathway and subsequently enhanced EMT in OSCC cells in vitro. OSCC patients with higher PLIN2 expression possessed poorer prognosis and higher sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs (1S,3 R)-RSL3 and ML-210. In conclusion, PLIN2-dependent LDs accumulation could promote the metastasis of OSCC cells by regulating EMT. PLIN2 might be a potential therapeutic target for OSCC patients, especially those with obesity.
Stromal architecture and fibroblast subpopulations with opposing effects on outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Yifei , Chen Xiaofang , Feng Li , Yang Zhicheng , Xiao Liyun , Xiang Bin , Wang Xiaodong , Liu Dongbin , Lin Penghui , Shi Jieyi , Song Guohe , Qian Wulei , Zhang Boan , Xu Yanan , Gao Zheng , Chen Lv , Wu Yingcheng , Ma Jiaqiang , Lin Youpei , Zhao Haichao , Peng Lihua , Mao Xuebin , Liu Yang , Hou Hao , Yang Mingyu , Ji Yuan , Wang Xiaoying , Zhou Jian , Xu Xun , Liu Xiyang , Wei Wu , Zhang Xiaoming , Gao Qiang , Zhou Hu , Sun Yidi , Wu Kui , Fan Jia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dissecting the spatial heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is vital for understanding tumor biology and therapeutic design. By combining pathological image analysis with spatial proteomics, we revealed two stromal archetypes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with different biological functions and extracellular matrix compositions. Using paired single-cell RNA and epigenomic sequencing with Stereo-seq, we revealed two fibroblast subsets CAF-FAP and CAF-C7, whose spatial enrichment strongly correlated with the two stromal archetypes and opposing patient prognosis. We discovered two functional units, one is the intratumor inflammatory hub featured by CAF-FAP plus CD8_PDCD1 proximity and the other is the marginal wound-healing hub with CAF-C7 plus Macrophage_SPP1 co-localization. Inhibiting CAF-FAP combined with anti-PD-1 in orthotopic HCC models led to improved tumor regression than either monotherapy. Collectively, our findings suggest stroma-targeted strategies for HCC based on defined stromal archetypes, raising the concept that CAFs change their transcriptional program and intercellular crosstalk according to the spatial context.
Power price stability and the insurance value of renewable technologies
Authors: Navia Simon Daniel , Diaz Anadon Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To understand if renewables stabilize or destabilize electricity prices, we simulate European power markets as projected by the National Energy and Climate Plans for 2030 but replicating the historical variability in electricity demand, the prices of fossil fuels and weather. We propose a β-sensitivity metric, defined as the projected increase in the average annual price of electricity when the price of natural gas increases by 1 euro. We show that annual power prices spikes would be more moderate because the β-sensitivity would fall from 1.4 euros to 1 euro. Deployment of solar photovoltaic and wind technologies exceeding 30% of the 2030 target would lower it further, below 0.5 euros. Our framework shows that this stabilization of prices would produce social welfare gains, that is, we find an insurance value of renewables. Because market mechanisms do not internalize this value, we argue that it should be explicitly considered in energy policy decisions.
Circularly polarized dual-band resonance in a miniaturized implantable antenna using combined hexagonal and rhombic patches
Authors: Kumaravel Shanmugam , Karthikeyan Madurakavi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The design and characterisation of a novel dual-band implantable antenna with compact size is presented in this research. The antenna, which is
$$5 \times 5 \times 0.635 {\text{mm}}^{3}$$
in size and operates at two critical frequencies—0.954 GHz in the UHF band and 2.4 GHz in the ISM band—was fabricated on an RT6010 substrate. The U-shaped slot and shorting pin on the radiating element have been exploited to achieved dual-band and circular polarization. The antenna is noteworthy for achieving circular polarization with a broad axial ratio bandwidth of 24.6%, which enables strong performance throughout its operating frequencies. The proposed antennas SAR values satisfy IEEE safety standards for implantable medical devices with a gain of − 28.1 dB at 2.4 GHz and − 31.2 dB at 0.954 GHz, despite its small size. The design represents a significant advancement in the field of medical implant technology since it prioritizes effective wireless communication capabilities while upholding strict safety regulations.
Association between changes in genital immune markers and vaginal microbiome transitions in bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Foessleitner Philipp , Cooley Demidkina Briah , El-Arar Wafae , Goldenberg Miles , Murthy Meena , Bergerat Agnes , Bar Ofri , Kwon Douglas S. , Mitchell Caroline M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV), characterized by an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota, is a prevalent condition among women of reproductive age and a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted infections, and preterm birth. BV is generally considered to induce mucosal inflammation, but the specific pathways and cell types involved are not well characterized. This prospective study aimed to assess associations between microbial changes and mucosal immune responses in BV patients. Therefore, samples from 20 premenopausal women with BV and treated with metronidazole were analyzed. Vaginal swabs, menstrual cup, and endocervical cytobrush samples were collected before treatment, weekly for four weeks, and at 2, 4, and 6 months for Nugent scoring, immune cell populations and cytokine analysis. Of 105 study intervals, 27 (25.7%) showed improvement in Nugent category, 61 (58.1%) remained unchanged, and 17 (16.2%) worsened. Improvement correlated with decreased monocytes (p = 0.005), while worsening was linked to increased monocytes (p < 0.001) and dendritic cells (p = 0.02). B cells (p = 0.02) and IFN-γ-induced chemokines - IP-10 (p = 0.007), MIG (p = 0.049), and ITAC (p = 0.005) - were associated with improvement. In conclusion, although the T-cell-associated chemokines IP-10, ITAC, and MIG were strongly associated with improvements in Nugent category, our findings indicate that antigen-presenting cells, particularly monocytes, show the most dynamic response to shifts in the vaginal microbiota in patients with BV.
Impact of accretor size on the morphology of supersonic, non-relativistic, axisymmetric Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton accretion flows
Authors: Jolehkaran Shaghayegh Ashtari , Brendel Lothar , Kuiper Rolf 
Published: January 2025

Context. Fast-moving accretors are a ubiquitous phenomenon in astrophysics. Their interaction with the surrounding gas can leave characteristic imprints on the form of morphological structures like bow shocks, Mach cones, and trails with different densities.
Aims. We study how various physical processes affect the flow structure around an accretor with a one-way surface, its accretion rate, and accretion anisotropy. These processes correspond to distinct length scales: the Bondi radius, the stand-off distance of the bow shock, and the Hoyle-Lyttleton radius.
Methods. We conducted adiabatic hydrodynamic simulations using a spherical coordinate grid centred on the accretor’s location. By varying the accretor’s (numerical) size across various scales – from much smaller than the stand-off distance to much larger than the Bondi radius – we analyse how the processes on these spatial scales affect the physics of the steady-state flow.
Results. All simulations achieve a steady state. When the accretor is smaller than the stand-off distance, a bow shock forms ahead of the object, and a nearly spherically symmetric atmosphere develops within this distance. Accretors smaller than the Hoyle-Lyttleton radius produce a Mach cone, while larger accretors exhibit a supersonic-to-subsonic flow transition on larger scales. Fully resolved simulations align with the Hoyle-Lyttleton theory, showing slightly anisotropic accretion with enhanced inflow from behind the object. In contrast, larger accretors approach the geometrical limit, with accretion primarily from the flow direction and a low-density ‘shadow’ forming behind the object.
Conclusions. The accretor’s size greatly influences the small-scale and large-scale morphologies. Resolving the Hoyle-Lyttleton radius is essential for representing large-scale flow characteristics. Resolving the smaller stand-off distance is required only for studying the bow shock in front of the moving object: since the stand-off distance determines the bow shock’s position, its non-resolution does not affect the larger-scale flow morphology.
Prediction of the Serial Alignment Change after Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Based on Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee Using Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Cho Joon Hee , Nam Hee Seung , Park Seong Yun , Ho Jade Pei Yuik , Lee Yong Seuk 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCategorization of alignment into phenotypes can be useful for predicting and analyzing postoperative alignment changes after opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). The purposes of this study were to (1) develop a machine learning model for the predicting the Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotypes of final alignment after OWHTO, and (2) analyze predictive factors for final alignment phenotypes. Data were retrospectively collected from 163 knees that underwent OWHTO between March 2014 and December 2019. Each data were assessed at three time points: preoperatively, at 3 months postoperatively, and the final follow-up. Constitutional alignment was also evaluated. Machine learning models were developed using two independent feature sets consisting of serial radiologic parameters and CPAK phenotypes. The area under the receiver–operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used as a primary metric to determine the best model. To evaluate the feature importance, Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) analysis was also performed on the best model. Multilayer perceptron (MLP) was the best prediction model, with the highest AUC of 0.867 based on radiologic parameters and 0.783 based on CPAK phenotypes. Joint line obliquity (JLO) at 3 months postoperatively was the most important factor among the radiologic parameters for predicting the final CPAK phenotypes. The features of constitutional and preoperative alignments also contributed, although the features of alignments at 3 months postoperatively were the highest contributing predictors. In conclusion, the developed machine learning models of the MLP showed excellent performance in predicting the final CPAK phenotypes after OWHTO. Postoperative JLO was the most important radiologic parameter for predicting the final alignment. The combination of features of the constitutional, preoperative, and postoperative periods enabled high accuracy and performance in predicting the final alignment.A retrospective cohort study with the level of evidence as level III.
Real-world effectiveness and safety of 1L polyethylene glycol and ascorbic acid for bowel preparation in patients aged 80 years or older
Authors: Machlab Salvador , Lorenzo-Zúñiga Vicente , Pantaleon Miguel Angel , Sábado Fernando , Arieira Cátia , Pérez Arellano Elena , Cotter José , Carral David , Turbí Disla Carmen , Gorjão Ricardo , Esteban Jose Miguel , Rodriguez Sarbelio 
Published: January 2025

AbstractClinical trials and real-world studies show a 1L polyethene glycol and ascorbic acid
solution (1L PEG-ASC) to be an effective and safe bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the
general population. Here, the effectiveness and safety of 1L PEG-ASC were evaluated in
patients aged 80 years or older in a real-world setting.A post-hoc analysis of an observational, multicenter, retrospective study assessed the effectiveness and safety of 1L PEG-ASC on outpatients aged ≥ 80 years old undergoing colonoscopy at eight centers in Spain and Portugal. Cleansing quality was assessed using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale, with overall scores ≥ 6 and all segmental scores ≥ 2 considered adequate colon cleansing, and overall scores ≥ 8 or 3 in the right colon considered high-quality cleansing. Cecal intubation rate, withdrawal time, polyp and adenoma detection rates (ADR), and adverse events (AEs) were also monitored.Data were analyzed from 423 patients aged ≥ 80 years; mean age 83.5 years (±3.2) and 49.2% males. The adequate colon cleansing success rate was 88.9%, with high-quality cleansing of the overall and right colon achieved in 54.1% and 46.1% of patients, respectively. Colonoscopy was complete in 94.1% of cases and the ADR was 51.3%. At least one AE was experienced by 4.5% of participants, the most frequent being mild dehydration (2.8%) and nausea (1.2%).This post-hoc analysis confirms 1L PEG-ASC to be an effective and safe bowel cleansing preparation for patients aged 80 years or older in a real-world setting.