bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kemampuan Mengendalikan Halusinasi Pendengaran Melalui Teknik Distraksi Menghardik
Authors: Rangkuti Winnellia fridina sandy , Sudarto Sudarto , Susito Susito , Sarliana Zaini  , Anisa Khairiyah  
Published: February 2024

Gangguan jiwa merupakan suatu fenomena yang terus mengalamai peningkatan yang sangat signifikan, dan setiap tahun diberbagai belahan dunia jumlah penderita gangguan jiwa semakin bertambah. Diperkirakan jumlah penderita gangguan jiwa di dunia kurang lebih 450 juta orang, dengan perkiraan 10% orang dewasa, dan 25% di usia tertentu seseorang diprediksi akan mengalami gangguan jiwa, dan 135 juta diantaranya mengalami halusinasi. kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi tentang mengendalikan halusinasi pendengaran melalui Teknik distraksi menghardik. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini dengan melakukan test (pre test dan post test) , sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dilakukan untuk menilai tingkat pengetahuan atau pemahaman masyarakat tentang mengendalikan halusinasi pendengaran melalui Teknik distraksi menghardik sebagai indikator keberhasilan dari suatu program promosi kesehatan. Penyuluhan menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan pengetahuan atau pemahaman masyarakat tentang mengendalikan halusinasi pendengaran melalui Teknik distraksi menghardik yaitu dari 25 menjadi 95 persen. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian ini diharapakan masyarakat dapat lebih memahami pengendalian dan mewaspadai halusinasi pendengaran.
Meningkatkan Kreatifitas Imanjinasi Pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Melalui Penggunaan Technique Cloze Dilition (TCD) Dalam Pembelajaran Puisi Untuk Siswa Kelas VI SD Negeri No. 07 Sungai Tawar Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan
Authors: Eti  
Published: February 2024

Puisi merupakan materi sastra yang ada di SD. Karena puisi merupakan suatu karya sastra yang dilupakan secara sepontan dengan mempergunakan imajinasi sebagai pembantu akal pikiran, maka dalam penyajian puisi pada siswa hendaknya menggunakan suatu cara atau tehnik yang tepat agar siswa dapat berimajinasi seperti yang dilakukan oleh pengarang. Dengan daya imajinasi yang kuat terhadap puisi. Melalui Pembelajaran bahasa indonesia untuk Penggunaan Technique Cloze Dilition (TCD) Dalam Pembelajaran Puisi Untuk Meningkatkan Kreatifitas Imanjinasi Pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas VI SD Negeri No.07 Sungai Tawar Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan untuk mencapai tujuan di atas adalah penelitian tindakan kelas Melalui Pembelajaran bahasa indonesia untuk Meningkatkan kreatifitas imanjinasi. Pelaksnaan penelitian ini di kelas VI SD Negeri No.07 Sungai Tawar Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa Melalui Pembelajaran bahasa indonesia menunjukan peningktan mulai dari hasil tes formatif. Hal tersebut berarti Melalui Pembelajaran bahasa indonesia berhasil meningkatkan kreatifitas imanjinasi siswa.
Using the dynamic model of educational effectiveness to detect effective teaching characteristics in the Maldives
Authors: MUSTHAFA HAWWA SHIUNA 
Published: February 2024

The conceptual framework of the Dynamic Model of Educational Effectiveness (DMEE) was used to detect effective characteristics of teaching in the Maldives. The sample consisted of grade four students (N =350) and class teachers (N =31) from eight primary schools in the urban capital city of Male’, Maldives. The study is a quantitative research and adopts an experimental design where the second low-inference observation instrument and the student questionnaire of the DMEE was used in the collection of classroom data through multi-stage sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics are then used to describe the basic features of the data in study. Results revealed that there are many dimensions from the DMEE valued at 0. This is an indication that teaching factors such as structuring, application, modelling or questioning did not occur at all in some Maldivian classrooms. However, on an average, across the teacher sample, enough time was detected (3 minutes) for structuring activities, 12 minutes for application activities. Though it is to be noted there are great variations in this find. The most important find from the study is that the minimum value recorded for all the teaching factors in the differentiation dimension is zero indicating there is no differentiated teaching detected in Maldivian classrooms as well. Implications are then drawn for teachers’ professional development in the Maldives.
Some important factors to consider in investigating and sentencing adultery cases
Authors: ABDUL RAHMAN ABDUL SATTAR 
Published: February 2024

The objective of this research is to elucidate the feasibility of investigating cases of adultery by institutional bodies within the legal framework of the Maldives. This study explains the principles mandated by Islamic Shariah when adjudicating such cases within the court system and delineates the guidelines governing the investigation of these cases. Additionally, this research explores the mechanisms for addressing any infractions of Shariah principles within this context. The methodological approach adopted for this study involves a systematic review of existing literature. The findings of this investigation underscore the significance of evaluating adultery cases from the perspective of potential exoneration for the accused. This perspective is rooted in the understanding that such cases pertain primarily to the individual’s relationship with Allah and do not inherently infringe upon the rights of other human beings.

ޒިނޭގެ މައްސަލަތަކާއި ބަދުއަޚުލާޤީ މައްސަލަތައް ތަޙުޤީޤު ކުރުމުގައްޔާއި ޙުކުމް ކުރުމުގައި ބަލަންޖެހޭ ބައެއް މުހިއްމު ކަންތައްތައް
ޚުލާޞާ: މިދިރާސާގެ މަޤުޞަދަކީ މާތް ﷲ ގެ ޙައްޤުތަކާ ގުޅުންހުރި ޙައްޤުތަކުގެ ތެރެއިން ދެ ޙައްޤެއްކަމުގައިވާ ޒިނޭއާއި ބަދު ޢަޚުލާޤީ މައްސަލަތައް ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގެ މުއައްސަސާއަކުން ތަޙުޤީޤުކުރަމުން ގެންދާއިރު މިފަދަ މައްސަލަތަކަކީ އެ މުއައްސަސާއަށް ބެލިދާނެ މައްސަލަތަކެއްތޯ، ނުވަތަ ނޫންތޯ ބަޔާންކޮށްދިނުމާއި، އަދި މިފަދަ މައްސަލަތަކަށް ކޯޓުން ޙުކުމްކުރާއިރު އިސްލާމީ ޝަރީޢަތުގައި ރިޢާޔަތްކުރުމަށް ކަނޑައަޅުއްވާފައިވާ މިންގަނޑު ބަޔާންކުރުމާއި މިފަދަ މައްސަލަތައް ތަޙުޤީޤު ކުރުމުގައްޔާއި، މިފަދަ މައްސަލަތަކަށް ޙުކުމްކުރުމުގައި ހިފަހަށްންޓަންޖެހޭ މިންގަޑުތަކަކީ ކޮބައިތޯ ބަޔާންކުރުމާއި، އަދި މިކަމުގައި ޝަރީޢަތާ ޚިލާފުކަމެއް އުޅޭނަމަ އެކަމެއް ރަނގަޅުކުރެވޭނެ ގޮތް ބަޔާންކުރުމާއި، މުސްތަޤުބަލުގައި މިފަދަ މައްސަލަތައް ޝަރީޢަތުގެ ހަމަތަކާއި އުޞޫލުގެ ތެރެއިން ގެންދެވިދާނެގޮތް ބަޔާންކޮށް އެކަން އިޞްލާޙުކުރުމެވެ.
The effects of medicinal plants: “Viscum album, Juniperus communis and Xanthium strumarium” leaf extracts on fibroblastic L929 and BHK21 immune cells
Authors: Shkreli Rezarta , Naji Tahereh , Shams Kimiya , Ahmadi Rahim 
Published: February 2024

Although reports indicate that Viscum album and Juniperus communis extracts affect immune system function, their impact on fibroblastic cells proliferation remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity of Viscum album, Juniperus communis and Xanthium strumarium leaf aqueous and ethanol extracts and their cytotoxic effects on L929 and BHK21 cells.
The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was measured using the DPPH method. L929 and BHK21 cells were treated with 0.001 mg/ml, 0.01 mg/ml, 0.1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml of the extracts for 24h in a complete growth medium. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay and the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.
Lower concentrations (0.001, 0.01 and 0.1) mg/ml of Viscum album and Junipeurs communis leaf extracts exhibited higher antioxidant capacity and had no significant cytotoxic effects on L929 and BHK21 cells, however, higher concentrations (1 and 10) mg/ml had lower antioxidant activity and exhibited cytotoxic effects on the cells. Lower and higher concentrations of Xanthium strumarium leaf extracts significantly increased L929 and BHK21 cells viability.
Despite higher concentrations, lower concentrations of ethanol and aqueous Viscum album and Junipeurs communis have positive effects on fibroblastic L929 and BHK21 cells viability; however, ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts of Xanthium strumarium have no cytotoxic effects on L929 and BHK21 cells, which, therefore, can improve immune system function safer than Viscum album and Juniperus communis.
La réforme Barrette et sa mise en oeuvre dans les services sociaux : perceptions des travailleuses sociales
Authors: Bourque Mélanie , Barbe Mylène , Leroux Maxime O. , Grenier Josée , St-Amour Nathalie 
Published: February 2024

Cet article vise à partager les résultats préliminaires du projet de recherche « Les travailleuses sociales cinq ans après l’implantation de la réforme Barrette : standardisation de la pratique ou nouvelles normes locales des établissements? ». Ce projet de recherche a pour but de mieux comprendre la mise en oeuvre de la réforme du système de santé et des services sociaux de 2015 au Québec. De juin à décembre 2022, près de 60 personnes participantes ont accepté de répondre à un entretien semi-dirigé. La très grande majorité d’entre elles détiennent plus de dix ans d’expérience, ce qui permet de comprendre l’avant et l’après réforme Barrette et de saisir les effets de cette réforme sur les équipes de travail, mais aussi sur la prestation des services fournis à la population. L’analyse initiale des données met en lumière la poursuite, voire l’accentuation, de la perspective descendante (top down) du processus décisionnel, de la reddition de comptes par le biais de mesures quantitatives et de l’harmonisation des services s’illustrant en standardisation des pratiques, en dépit des particularités territoriales inhérentes aux différentes régions du Québec. Par rapport à notre recherche précédente, force est de constater que les méthodes de la nouvelle gestion publique se sont accentuées au sein du réseau de la santé et des services sociaux, qualifié de « maison des fous » par plusieurs personnes participantes.
Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunity
Authors: Wang Quan , Zhang Ye , Cui Li , Meng Jingjing , Yang Sha , Li Xinguo , Wan Shubo 
Published: February 2024

Background
During active infections, plants prevent further spread of pathogenic microorganisms by inducing the rapid programmed death of cells around the infection point. This phenomenon is called the hypersensitive response and is a common feature of plant immune responses. Plants recognize conserved structures of pathogenic microorganisms, called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), e.g., flagellin 22 (flg22) and chitohexose, which bind to receptors on plant cells to induce various immune-response pathways. Although abiotic stresses are known to alter photosynthesis, the different effects of flg22 and chitohexose, which are involved into PAMP-induced signaling, on photosynthesis needs further study.

Methods
In the present study, we assessed the role of PAMPs in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) photosynthesis, particularly, the interaction between PAMPs and Ca2+ signal transduction pathway.

Results
Both flg22 and chitohexose significantly promoted the expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR-4 and PR-10, as did Ca2+. We found that Ca2+ is involved in downregulating the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center activity induced by the flg22 immune response, but the role of chitohexose is not obvious. Additionally, Ca2+ significantly reduced the non-photochemical energy dissipation in the flg22- and chitohexose-induced immune response.

Conclusion
These results indicated that flg22 and chitohexose can trigger peanut immune pathways through the Ca2+ signaling pathway, but they differ in their regulation of the activity of the PSII reaction center.
Climatic and soil characteristics account for the genetic structure of the invasive cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum, in its native range in Argentina
Authors: Andraca-Gómez Guadalupe , Ordano Mariano , Lira-Noriega Andrés , Osorio-Olvera Luis , Domínguez César A. , Fornoni Juan 
Published: February 2024

Background
Knowledge of the physical and environmental conditions that may limit the migration of invasive species is crucial to assess the potential for expansion outside their native ranges. The cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum, is native to South America (Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Brazil) and has been introduced and invaded the Caribbean and southern United States, among other regions. In North America there is an ongoing process of range expansion threatening cacti biodiversity of the genus Opuntia and the commercial profits of domesticated Opuntia ficus-indica.

Methods
To further understand what influences the distribution and genetic structure of this otherwise important threat to native and managed ecosystems, in the present study we combined ecological niche modeling and population genetic analyses to identify potential environmental barriers in the native region of Argentina. Samples were collected on the host with the wider distribution range, O. ficus-indica.

Results
Significant genetic structure was detected using 10 nuclear microsatellites and 24 sampling sites. At least six genetic groups delimited by mountain ranges, salt flats and wetlands were mainly located to the west of the Dry Chaco ecoregion. Niche modeling supports that this region has high environmental suitability where the upper soil temperature and humidity, soil carbon content and precipitation were the main environmental factors that explain the presence of the moth. Environmental filters such as the upper soil layer may be critical for pupal survival and consequently for the establishment of populations in new habitats, whereas the presence of available hosts is a necessary conditions for insect survival, upper soil and climatic characteristics will determine the opportunities for a successful establishment.
FTIR analysis of crosslinked cotton fabric using a ZnSe–universal attenuated total reflectance
Authors: Abidi Noureddine , Hequet Eric , Turner Chris , Sari‐Sarraf Hamed 
Published: February 2005

AbstractTwo cotton fabrics were treated with increasing amounts of a textile‐finishing agent (1,3‐dimethyl‐4,5‐dihydroxy‐2‐imidazolidinone) to impart durable press properties. The Universal Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (UATR–FTIR) with a ZnSe–Diamond composite crystal was used to determine the amount of the crosslinking agent effectively linked to the cellulose after the required laundering cycles. Textile performance testing conducted on treated and untreated fabrics demonstrated the effectiveness of the treatment applied. The results obtained showed very good correlation between AATCC grading, automatic image analysis of fabric smoothness, textile performance testing, and the amount of finish as evaluated by the UATR–FTIR. The ZnSe–Diamond composite FTIR accessory was proven to be a fast and precise nondestructive technique to evaluate the amount of the crosslinking agent linked to the cellulose macromolecules. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 392–399, 2005
Using the solubility parameter to explain disperse dye sorption on polylactide
Authors: Karst David , Yang Yiqi 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe solubility parameters of polylactide (PLA), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and various disperse dyes calculated according to the group contribution method were used to explain the low sorption of some disperse dyes on PLA but the high sorption of the same dyes on PET. It was found that the dyes with high sorption on PLA tended to have solubility parameters near that of PLA, which has a lower solubility parameter than that of PET. It was also found that the solubility parameter, which was calculated based on cohesive energy and molar volume at 25°C, was more appropriate for explaining dyeings at lower temperature, 100 and 110°C, than those at higher temperature, 130°C. Based on the finding that dyes with solubility parameters near that of PLA tend to have high sorption on PLA, general structures for disperse dye that may have high sorption on PLA were proposed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 416–422, 2005
Probabilistic question answering on the Web
Authors: Radev Dragomir , Fan Weiguo , Qi Hong , Wu Harris , Grewal Amardeep 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWeb‐based search engines such as Google and NorthernLight return documents that are relevant to a user query, not answers to user questions. We have developed an architecture that augments existing search engines so that they support natural language question answering. The process entails five steps: query modulation, document retrieval, passage extraction, phrase extraction, and answer ranking. In this article, we describe some probabilistic approaches to the last three of these stages. We show how our techniques apply to a number of existing search engines, and we also present results contrasting three different methods for question answering. Our algorithm, probabilistic phrase reranking (PPR), uses proximity and question type features and achieves a total reciprocal document rank of .20 on the TREC8 corpus. Our techniques have been implemented as a Web‐accessible system, called NSIR.
Molecular Rotation as a Tool for Exploring Specific Solute–Solvent Interactions
Authors: Dutt G. B. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSolute–solvent interactions play an important role in determining the physicochemical properties of liquids and solutions. As a consequence, understanding these interactions has been one of the long‐standing problems in physical chemistry. This Minireview describes our approach towards attaining this goal, which is to investigate rotational relaxation of a pair of closely related, medium‐sized nondipolar solutes in a set of appropriately chosen solvents. Our studies indicate that solute–solvent hydrogen bonding significantly hinders solute rotation. We have also examined the role of solvent size both in the absence and presence of specific interactions and it has been observed that the size of the solvent has a bearing on solute rotation especially in the absence of specific interactions. Our results point to the fact that only strong solute–solvent hydrogen bonds have the ability to impede the rotation of the solute molecule because, in such a scenario, hydrogen‐bonding dynamics and rotational dynamics transpire on comparable time scales. This aspect has been substantiated by measuring the reorientation times of the chosen solutes in solvents such as ethanol and trifluoroethanol, which have distinct hydrogen‐bond donating and accepting abilities, and correlating them with solute–solvent interaction strengths. As an alternative treatment, it has been shown that specific interactions between the solute and the solvent can be modeled as dielectric friction with the extended charge distribution model. This approach is not unrealistic considering the fact that specific as well as nonspecific interactions are electrostatic by nature and the differences between them are subtle.
Drosophila Lipid Storage Droplet 2 gene (Lsd‐2) is expressed and controls lipid storage in wing imaginal discs
Authors: Fauny Jean Daniel , Silber Joël , Zider Alain 
Published: February 2005

AbstractLipid droplets are the major neutral lipid storage organelles in higher eukaryotes. The PAT domain proteins (Perilipin, ADRP [adipose differentiation related protein], and TIP47 [tail‐interacting 47‐kDa protein]) are associated with these structures. Perilipin and ADRP are involved in the regulation of lipid storage and metabolism in mammals. Two genes encoding PAT proteins, Drosophila Lipid Storage Droplet 2 Gene (Lsd‐2) and Lsd‐2, have been identified in Drosophila. Lsd‐2 is expressed in fat bodies and in the female germ line and is involved in lipid storage in these tissues. We showed that Lsd‐2 is expressed in third‐instar wing imaginal discs in Drosophila, with higher levels in the wing pouch, which corresponds to the presumptive wing region of the wing disc. This specific expression pattern is correlated with a high level of neutral lipid accumulation. We also showed that neutral lipid deposition in the wing disc is severely reduced in an Lsd‐2 mutant and is increased with Lsd‐2 overexpression. Finally, we showed that overexpression of the vestigial (vg) pro‐wing gene induces Lsd‐2 expression, suggesting that Lsd‐2 mediates a vg role during wing formation. Our results suggest that Lsd‐2 function is not restricted to tissues directly involved in lipid storage and could play additional roles during development. Developmental Dynamics 232:725–732, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functions and mechanisms of receptor tyrosine kinase Torso signaling: Lessons from Drosophila embryonic terminal development
Authors: Li Willis X. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe Torso receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) is required for cell fate specification in the terminal regions (head and tail) of the early Drosophila embryo. Torso contains a split tyrosine kinase domain and belongs to the type III subgroup of the RTK superfamily that also includes the platelet‐derived growth factor receptors, stem cell or steel factor receptor c‐Kit proto‐oncoprotein, colony‐stimulating factor‐1 receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. The Torso pathway has been a model system for studying RTK signal transduction. Genetic and biochemical studies of Torso signaling have provided valuable insights into the biological functions and mechanisms of RTK signaling during early Drosophila embryogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 232:656–672, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
One‐Pot Preparation of [n]Ladderanes by [2π + 2π] Photocycloaddition
Authors: Hopf Henning , Greiving Helmut , Beck Christian , Dix Ina , Jones Peter G. , Desvergne Jean‐Pierre , Bouas‐Laurent Henri 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA new method for the preparation of [n]ladderanes is presented, based on a one‐pot [2π+2π] photocycloaddition of [2.2]paracyclophane pseudo‐gem bis(polyene) precursors. [3]‐ and [5]ladderanes could be isolated and were fully characterized, including their X‐ray structure analysis. The overall chemical yields from [2.2]paracyclophane as starting material were found to be 53 % ([3]ladderane) and 38 % ([5]ladderane). Preliminary investigations of their photochromic properties (reversible change from yellow or red to colourless forms) are described. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Cover Picture: Synthesis of Novel Dendrimeric Systems Containing NLO Ligands (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 3/2005)
Authors: Brouwer Arwin J. , Liskamp Rob M. J. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe cover picture shows a photograph of lightning branching itself from the sky to the earth. This is one of many examples in Nature where branching leads to special events. In the dendrimer‐to‐dendrimer system shown, one branch serves as the starting point for a new dendrimer system, one of whose branches continues again, similar to the traveling of lightning. This elongated dendrimer‐to‐dendrimer system may provide additional organization of dendrimeric (NLO) ligands. We thank Dr. Edwin van den Worm for providing us with this strike‐of‐lightning idea. Details of the synthesis are described in the article by A. J. Brouwer and R. M. J. Liskamp on p. 487 ff.