bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental setup for probing electron-induced chemistry in liquid micro-jets
Authors: Nag Pamir , Ranković Miloš , Schewe H Christian , Rakovský Jozef , Sala Leo , Kočišek Jaroslav , Fedor Juraj 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present an experimental setup for probing chemical changes in liquids induced by electron collisions. The setup utilizes a custom-designed electron gun that irradiates a liquid microjet with an electron beam of tunable energy. Products of the electron-induced reactions are analyzed ex-situ. The microjet system enables re-circulation of the liquid and thus multiple irradiation of the same sample. As a proof-of-principle experiment, an aqueous solution of TRIS (2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol) was irradiated by 300 eV electron beam. Optical UV–VIS analysis shows that the electron impact on the liquid surface leads to the production of OH radicals in the solution which are efficiently scavenged by TRIS.
Impurity outward particle flux from externally applied torque
Authors: Fable E , Angioni C ,   the ASDEX Upgrade Team
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work a term in the impurity particle flux expression, which arises from the externally applied angular momentum torque, is rederived and analyzed in detail. This contribution to the species particle flux is found to be directed outward for co-current injected torque in conditions pertinent to present devices, which could explain the increasing hollowness of light impurity density profiles observed experimentally as neutral beam injected power is increased. This result is obtained by revisiting the fluid framework to compute the particle flux of a generic ion species.
Transient research on distribution networks incorporating superconducting cables utilizing field–circuit coupling method
Authors: Li Xianhao , Tang Yuejin , Ren Li , Huang Hongyi , Shi Jing , Wang Zhenzi , Yu Peng , Li Zhonghang , Wang Zhe , Zhang Anlong , Xu Ying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
High temperature superconducting (HTS) cable represents a promising solution for fulfilling the power demands of cities with large loads and high density. However, due to their connection to the distribution network, HTS cables are vulnerable to fault currents exceeding ten times their rated current, which poses a serious threat to both the safety of the cable and the operation of the grid. Considering the highly nonlinear nature of superconducting conductivity, this study develops a field–circuit coupling model to investigate the transient characteristics of distribution networks incorporating superconducting cables (DNSC). Firstly, a finite element model based on the two-dimensional
H
formulation was built to calculate the electrical and thermal parameters of the HTS cable. Subsequently, an equivalent circuit model of the distribution network was employed to estimate the short-circuit currents. Communicating via a co-simulation server, the superconducting cable current and distribution network impedance were updated in each step. Further, based on an actual DNSC system in Shenzhen, China, the highest quenching temperature of the cable and the maximum fault current of busbars were assessed. Finally, by integrating current limiters into the system, the withstand capability of the cable and busbars was determined, which indicates that the improved protection configuration can effectively suppress fault currents and ensure safe operation. Successfully applied to an actual distribution network, the co-simulation model utilizing the field–circuit coupling method addresses the challenges of solving highly nonlinear and time-varying systems, enabling transient analysis and protection research for the integration of superconducting devices into the conventional grid.
A sulfurization method for creating the buffer-layers current flow diverter architecture in REBa2Cu3O7 coated conductors
Authors: Barusco P , Giguère J , Lacroix C , Sirois F , Granados X , Puig T , Obradors X 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The current flow diverter (CFD) is a known concept that has proven to effectively reduce the probability of destructive hot spots in REBa2Cu3O7 (REBCO; RE = rare earth) coated conductors (CCs) by boosting the normal zone propagation velocity. However, the implementation of the CFD concept requires additional steps in a fabrication process that is already complex and has struggled to find a simple reel-to-reel fabrication method. This work reports on the details of a fabrication route for the buffer-layers-CFD (bCFD) architecture using a solid-vapor silver sulfurization technique to tune the geometry of the metal stabilizer in the high-temperature superconductor tape. The analysis of the microstructure and superconducting properties of the Ag2S/Ag/GdBCO trilayer processed under different conditions shows how we achieved a new customized functional CC with the bCFD architecture. In DC limitation experiments, this bCFD-sulfide architecture allowed to generate an electric potential much faster than the conventional architecture (60 V s−1 vs. 1.2 V s−1) thanks to the strong enhancement of the NPZV.
Dynamical features and sensitivity visualization of thin-film Polarisation equation
Authors: Fatima Samara , Abbas Naseem , Muhammad Shah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The present investigation describes the dynamical behavior, multi-stability, and traveling wave solutions of thin-film polarisation equations (TFPE) which describes the propagation of waves in thin-film ferroelectric materials. The extended direct algebraic technique is used to construct the traveling wave patterns. Visual representations of a few randomly selected solutions are provided for physical comprehension. The ordinary differential equation can be expressed in the planar dynamical system using the Galilean transformation. Using various initial conditions for the unperturbed dynamical system, phase portraits with various sorts of trajectories are created. Additionally, the Runge-Kutta method is used to plot nonlinear periodic waves and super nonlinear waves. Additionally, the Hamiltonian function for this undisturbed dynamical system is computed and shown. It also included the source term with amplitude and frequency parameters for the chaotic and quasi-periodic behaviors, and the system is also stated in the non-autonomous form. For the dynamical system under investigation, multi-stability is also thoroughly described. Furthermore, a full inspection of the sensitivity of the perturbed dynamical structure under various initial conditions has been conducted.
Research on attitude compensated algorithm for shipborne dynamic weighing
Authors: Xie Meifeng , Zhang Ping , Wang Kundong , Lei Huaming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Shipborne dynamic weighing is fundamental in developing marine fishery resources and oceanographic research. It enables the weighing and sorting of seafood, quantitative baiting, and measurement of research sample weights in marine environments. Therefore, developing shipborne dynamic weighing systems is crucial for the integrated exploitation of marine fishery resources. However, research on shipborne dynamic weighing is limited. To address this issue, the study initially analyzed the impact of ship’s attitude information on weighing results. Subsequently, a mathematical model for shipborne dynamic weighing, incorporating compensation factors, was constructed. The compensation factors were determined using the Recursive Least Squares (RLS) method. And then real-time weight estimation was updated using Kalman filtering, effectively mitigating the influence of ship oscillations and swaying on weight measurements. Furthermore, a shipborne dynamic weighing system with a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and STM32F4 processor was developed. The system performance was evaluated by simulating the sail of a ship under different sea conditions on a swing platform. The results demonstrate that the average absolute percentage error of the test meets the requirement of less than 1%, and the standard deviation of the error is less than 1% F. S., which essentially meets the weight measurement requirements of marine dynamic weighing and sorting.
Precise position determination of USV based on the IF combination and un-combined PPP ambiguity resolution model
Authors: Ai Yanjun , Tian Xiangyu , Yin Xiao , Cui Ximin , Du Zhenqiang , Xiang Minzhi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) are becoming increasingly important for ocean operations and monitoring, but their precise positioning remains challenging. Real-time kinematic (RTK) technology, commonly used for cm-level positioning in cities, is unsuitable for USVs because it requires nearby reference stations. To address this, we present the uncombined precise point positioning ambiguity resolution (UC PPP-AR) solution, where wide-lane (WL) and narrow-lane (NL) uncalibrated phase bias (UPD) products estimated by the ionosphere-free (IF) PPP model are used. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, we conducted kinematic USV tests. The results show that the proposed model could shorten the convergence time and achieve cm-level positioning accuracy, with horizontal accuracy better than 2 cm and vertical accuracy better than 5 cm, which is better than that of IF PPP-AR. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the UC PPP-AR technique for USV precise positioning. However, IF PPP-AR may be a better choice if computational consumption time (CCT) is a concern.
Potential of first row transition metal decorated graphtriyne quantum dots as single atom catalysts towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)
Authors: Ullah Faizan , Gilani Mazhar Amjad , Imran Muhammad , Ayub Khurshid , Mahmood Tariq 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To advance the clean energy systems based on hydrogen, highly efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are of paramount importance. In recent years, single atoms embedded within 2-dimensional (2D) material substrates have emerged as exceptional catalysts for HER. Graphtriyne, a 2D material due to its novel electronic properties is a promising substrate for development of single atom catalysts. In this study, we employed density functional theory (DFT) simulations to investigate the potential of transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) anchored on graphtriyne quantum dot as single atom catalysts (SACs) for HER. Our results revealed that Zn and Ni SACs anchored on graphtriyne quantum dot exhibit excellent HER performance. Additionally, we calculated total density of states (TDOS), partial density of states (PDOS), HOMO, LUMO energies and HOMO–LUMO energy gap for the proposed SACs. Our work presents a promising approach for the development of HER catalysts, utilizing graphtriyne quantum dot as support material and transition metal atoms (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) as the single atom centers.
Optical structural and thermal studies of TiO2@ZnO core-shell incorporated methylene blue dye doped PVA polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Nandimath Madhavi , Bhajantri Rajashekhar F , Naik Jagadish 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This manuscript makes an effort to achieve the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2)@ Zinc oxide (ZnO)core@shell also development and study of methylene blue (MB)/TiO2@ZnO/poly(vinyl chloride) (PVA)polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) for optical applications. The PNCs were constructed using easy solution-casting method, advertised good UV–vis and fluorescence properties. The fluorescence emission spectra of MB/TiO2@ZnO/PVA PNCs show the broad peak around 685 nm for both 614 nm and 665 nm excitation wavelengths for all samples and it is observed that the intensity falls off as increase in the dye amount. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra of well-developed PNCs exhibit amorphous nature and the other outcomes obtained by various techniques correlating with each other. Hence, the prepared PNCs can be used for fabricating red light emitting diode (LED) to improve the eye sight of human being.
The Fundamental Plane of GRBs
Authors: Zhang Xu , Gao Quan-Gui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) exhibit powerful radiation and relativistic jets similar to blazars. However, the central engine of GRBs remains unknown. In this paper, we use the fundamental plane to analyze a sample of GRBs with measured mass. We extend, over ∼12 orders of magnitude, the correlation analysis and fundamental plane with a sample of X-ray binaries, active galactic nuclei (AGNs) including blazars, and brightest cluster galaxies. The fundamental plane of our de-beamed sample, with a measured mass (

log

L

R

= (0.60 ± 0.03)

log

L

X

+(0.78 ± 0.02)

log
M

+7.23 ± 0.95), closely aligns with the findings of previous work on AGNs. This finding suggests that GRBs adhere to the fundamental plane of AGNs and supports the theory proposed in previous work that the central engine of GRBs may be black holes. This observation provides a plausible explanation for the striking similarities between GRBs and AGNs.
Decoding movement frequencies and limbs based on steady-state movement-related rhythms from noninvasive EEG
Authors: Wei Yuxuan , Wang Xu , Luo Ruijie , Mai Ximing , Li Songwei , Meng Jianjun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Decoding different types of movements noninvasively from electroencephalography (EEG) is an essential topic in neural engineering, especially in brain–computer interface. Although the widely used sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) is efficient in limb decoding, it lacks efficacy in decoding movement frequencies. Accumulating evidence supports the notion that the movement frequency is encoded in the steady-state movement-related rhythm (SSMRR). Our study has two primary objectives: firstly, to investigate the spatial–spectral representation of SSMRR in EEG during voluntary movements; secondly, to assess whether movement frequencies and limbs can be effectively decoded based on SSMRR. Approach. To comprehensively examine the representation of SSMRR, we investigated the frequency characteristics and spatial patterns associated with various rhythmic finger movements. Coherence analysis was performed between the sensor or source domain EEG and finger movements recorded by data gloves. A fusion model based on spectral SNR features and filter-bank common spatial pattern features was utilized to decode movement frequencies and limbs. Main results. At the group-level, sensor domain, and source domain coherence maps demonstrated that the accurate movement frequency (

f
0

) and its first harmonic (

f
1

) were encoded in the contralateral motor cortex. For the four-class classification, including two movement frequencies for both hands, the decoding accuracies for externally paced and internally paced movements were 73.14 ± 15.86% and 66.30 ± 17.26% (averaged across ten subjects, chance levels at 31.05% and 30.96%). Notably, the average results of five subjects with the highest decoding accuracies reached 87.21 ± 7.44% and 80.44 ± 7.99%. Significance. Our results verified the EEG representation of SSMRR and proved that the movement frequency and limb could be effectively decoded based on spatial–spectral features extracted from SSMRR. We suggest that SSMRR can serve as a complement to SMR to expand the range of decodable movement types and the approaches of limb decoding.
Visualization of phase-space orbit topological boundary using imaging neutral particle analyzer
Authors: Du X.D. , Gonzalez-Martin J. , Liu D. , Heidbrink W.W. , Van Zeeland M.A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A newly-developed Imaging Neutral Particle Analyzer (INPA) in the DIII-D tokamak interrogates phase space occupied by fast ions on multiple different orbit topologies, including passing, stagnation, trapped and potato orbits. Depending on plasma parameters and beam injection geometries, this new INPA system is capable of visualizing distributions of fast ions on the selected orbit topology and its associated orbit topological boundaries. More importantly, the system is able to directly visualize the effective pitch angle scattering ν
eff in phase space by measuring fast ions that are scattered across the trapped-passing orbit topological boundaries and from counter-passing orbits to co-passing orbits. It also enables visualization of fast ion confined-loss boundaries and resolves the change of the boundary in phase space, as plasma equilibrium evolves. The key goal of this new INPA system is to directly measure ν
eff across phase space induced by drift waves and its interaction with Alfvén eigenmodes, i.e. a key issue towards a future fusion power plant.
3D multi views reconstruction of flame surface based on deep learning
Authors: Song Lingao , Liu Tao , Jiang Dong , Li Huadong , Zhao Dongmei , Zou Qingfeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A deep learning network based on MVSNet multi-view 3D reconstruction network (IM-MVSNet) is proposed in this paper for the reconstruction of the surface of laminar flame, which could suppress the influence of background noise on the reconstruction data when reconstructing the surface of laminar flame and improve the reconstruction accuracy of the flame surface at the same time. The network obtains high-quality segmented images by image segmentation of the reference frames and neighboring frames of the input sampled images to remove the background noise during the time of sampling, then reconstructs the multi-view images in 3D to build a 3D point cloud of the laminar flame surface, finally obtains the reconstructed laminar flame surface. The comparison of computational results using different reconstruction models shows that the 3D reconstruction network proposed in this paper could effectively reduce the point cloud noise of the reconstructed flame surface, improve the reconstruction accuracy of the flame surface, and provide a novel technical means for combustion research.
Antioxidant activity and release profile of electrospun cellulose acetate/gelatine nanofiber containing mangosteen hull extract
Authors: Kusumah F H , Munir M M , Khairurrijal K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The extract of mangosteen fruit hull has been found to have strong antioxidant activity. However, it has low solubility in aqueous solution. Thus, we incorporated the extract of mangosteen hull (EMH) into a nano-sized carrier, particularly nanofibers. The objective of this research was to fabricate cellulose acetate (CA)/gelatine nanofibers embedded with EMH using the electrospinning technique. CA/gelatine/EMH precursor solution was spun at various flow rates of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mL/h yielding nanofibers with average diameters of 525 (CGE1), 640 (CGE2), and 698 (CGE3) nm, respectively. An antioxidative assay using the DPPH method indicated that all samples (EMH, CGE1, CGE2, and CGE3 nanofibers) exhibited strong antioxidant activity, whereas the smallest nanofibers had the lowest antioxidant activity. Moreover, the XRD pattern of composite fiber (CGE2) implied that the electrospinning process altered the structure of EMH. Furthermore, in vitro release study of CGE1, CGE2, and CGE3 nanofibers indicated a rapid release pattern of EMH from the nanofibers. The rate of EMH released from the fiber was related to the fiber diameter, with smaller fiber facilitating a faster release rate of the EMH. Therefore, the results provide a promising approach to enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of mangosteen fruit hull extract, potentially expanding its therapeutic applications.
Investigating magnetoresistance properties on a periodic poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA structure
Authors: Yudiarsah E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Magnetoresistance has been calculated for a range of magnetic fields. The calculation has been carried out using a periodic DNA structure. The magnetic field affects electron hopping constants in a tight-binding Hamiltonian regime through the Peierls phase. On the other hand, the internal electric field, as a result of the voltage difference across the molecule structure, affects the magnitude of electron hopping parameters. Green’s function method has been employed in computing the electron transmission probabilities. Then, the Landauer-Buttiker formula is used in computing currents at a certain voltage. The magnetoresistance was observed oscillating as the magnetic field increased, just like the current. At several voltages, the magnetoresistance changes sign with the change in the magnetic field.
Synthesis liquid crystal composites diacrylate resin of 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene bis(4-(3-acryloyloxy)propoxy)benzoate) with methyl methacrylate
Authors: Afrizal A , Budi S , Riswoko A , Hanum R F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Liquid crystal composite is a material made from monomer liquid crystal with other materials. These composites are very useful because they combine good properties of each material for many applications. Liquid crystal diacrylate resin of 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene bis(4-(3-(acryloyloxy) propoxy)benzoate) that combined with monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA) using casting solution method. Process casting solution of that material using variation weight percentage of each material. Result of casting solution was photopolymerized using preparate glass to make a thin layer polymer. Characterization thin layer polymer liquid crystal diacrylate resin with MMA using instrumentations FTIR for identify of chemical group functions molecules. FTIR spectrum showed peak at 1155 cm−1-1160 cm−1 for identifications stretching vibration of C-O-C in ester molecule and 2925-2960 cm−1 for identifying the stretching vibration of –CH3. Its band for identify bond formation between MMA with diacrylate resin. Diffractogram XRD showed thin layer polymer of PMMA-diacrylate resin has amorphous properties, because there aren’t sharp peak diffraction at 2θ 16.33°, 24.02°, 44.68°, and 72.54°. This result indicates that thin monomer methyl methacrylate blending perfect with diacrylate resin. Therefore analysis morphology of thin layer liquid crystal composite of PMMA-diacrylate resin homogen in some regions but in a little surface seen agglomeration of polymer.
Biosynthesis of sulfur-doped zinc oxide using bidara leaf extract
Authors: Rini A S , Dewi R , Asriani R , Rati Y 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Incorporating non-metal elements through doping proves to be a highly effective strategy for expanding the photoresponse range of ZnO. This study prepared pristine ZnO and 1%S-doped ZnO through an environmentally friendly approach, employing the biosynthesis method using bidara leaf extract. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy to investigate the structure, morphology, and the optical properties of ZnO, respectively. The XRD analysis revealed a noticeable shift in the diffraction pattern towards smaller angles, indicating the successful incorporation of sulfur into the ZnO lattice. Additionally, FESEM images displayed a distinct modification in the morphology of the ZnO particles upon sulfur doping, accompanied by a reduction in particle size. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed that both ZnO and sulfur-doped ZnO exhibited optical absorption predominantly in the ultraviolet (UV) region. Notably, the presence of sulfur doping led to an increase in the optical absorption of ZnO, while simultaneously narrowing its energy bandgap. These findings highlight the potential of sulfur doping as an effective means to enhance the structural, morphological, and optical properties of ZnO semiconductor materials, thereby opening up possibilities for various optoelectronic applications.