bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vinasse processing by electrodialysis combined with nanofiltration: emphasis on process optimization and environmental sustainability
Authors: Duarte Franciele Plotasio , Silva Ana Flávia Rezende , Lange Lisete Celina , Amaral Míriam Cristina Santos , Neta Luzia Sergina de França , Moravia Wagner Guadagnin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Vinasse, due to its high organic load, low pH, high corrosivity, and high potassium levels, can cause salinization, acidification, loss of fertility, and leaching of constituents when applied to agricultural soils. In this context, electrodialysis (ED) was used to remove potassium from this effluent, to concentrate it in the cathode concentrate compartment. The cathode concentrate was subjected to nanofiltration (NF), allowing the electrolyte to be reconditioned and simultaneously generating a solution rich in potassium, making it an input for the fertilizer industry. The conditions of NF were optimized by the design of experiments. The optimal conditions obtained were 6 bar pressure, 1.8 L min−1 flow, and 1.6× feed dilution factor. Although the reconditioned electrolyte has been feasible, the raw vinasse (pre-ultrafiltered) was compared and proved to be a sustainable option. The NF permeate had a potassium concentration of 90% and magnesium of 84%, in addition to the annual reduction in magnesium sulfate demand (139,450,988 kg) and distilled water (5,019 m3). It was also possible to obtain an increase of approximately 400% in the rate of the application of vinasse in fertigation without compromising the needs of the plantation, the quality of the soil, and groundwater.
Pregnancy in Women on Dialysis: Success Stories from a Tertiary Care Hospital
in Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Mohan Dhanya , Al Jagoub Heba Rami , Al Subbah Hamzeh Abdallah , Alalawi Fakhriya , Al Rukhaimi Mona , Alhadari Amna 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Pregnancy is rare in women with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, this scenario has changed in recent years with considerable
improvement and successful outcomes in pregnant women with end-stage renal disease on dialysis. The understanding of the principles related to
pregnant dialysis patients, combined with a multidisciplinary approach to case management, has resulted in many success stories, and today,
pregnancy for young women with ESRD is more plausible and far safer than ever before.

Case Presentation::
We present a series of three women who conceived while on dialysis and delivered successfully. These women were managed with increasing
dialysis frequency and developing a clinical protocol early on, with a multidisciplinary approach and close collaboration with obstetricians. Our
case series is unique as one of the women had three successful deliveries while on dialysis, and one of them had a positive outcome with twin
pregnancies while on dialysis.

Conclusion::
Successful outcomes in these high-risk pregnancies while on dialysis suggest that with meticulous care and a multidisciplinary approach,
conception and successful deliveries are plausible in women who receive dialysis.
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism and Extra Skeletal Calcification in End Stage
Kidney Disease Patients: Case-series and Literature Review
Authors: Majdi Alahbabi Sanaa , Ahmed Alshehhi Meera , Almeqdad Alkaabi Rawdha , Alalawi Fakhriya , Alhadari Amna 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) is a well-known complication of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), resulting from a loss of functional renal
tissue with subsequent alterations in calcium and phosphate metabolism. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism reflects severe parathyroid hyperplasia with
autonomous excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) that is no longer responsive to the concentration of plasma calcium and leads to
abnormal bone remodelling, soft tissue calcifications, vasculopathy, and other systemic complications.

Case Presentation::
The authors, hereby, highlight varied presentations of tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) by presenting 3 interesting cases, describing their
clinical course and outcomes. Through sharing these experiences and insights, we hope to contribute to a better understanding of THPT and its
optimal management in patients with ESKD.

Conclusion::
THPT can have a significant impact on patient health and quality of life. Despite the widespread use of interventions, such as vitamin D analogues,
calcimimetics and parathyroidectomy, THPT remains a significant clinical challenge for patients with ESKD.
JNK2 Promotes Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via
Inhibiting Axin2
Authors: Wang Lulu , Guo Meng , Gao Li , Liu Kai , Bai Jiawei , Liu Zhiguo 
Published: November 2023

Introduction::
The dysregulation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway has been increasingly
reported in human malignancies. Aberrant expression of the JNK pathway has also been implicated in
the progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC). However, the specific role and regulatory
mechanisms of JNK2 in ESCC have not been extensively investigated.

Methods:
In this study, we examined JNK2 expression in patient samples and performed experiments involving
the knockdown and inhibition of the JNK2 in ESCC cell lines.

Results:
Higher JNK2 expression was observed in tumor tissues compared to adjacent tissues. JNK2 overexpression
was associated with advanced disease stages and poor prognosis. Furthermore, knockdown or inhibition
of JNK2 in ESCC cell lines resulted in a decrease in cell proliferation and migration.

Conclusion::
Additionally, a significant decrease in the expression of β-catenin and vimentin, along with an increase
in the expression of Axin2, was observed upon downregulation of JNK2. Our study provides insight into
the role of JNK2 in ESCC and its potential regulatory mechanism, offering a potential therapeutic strategy
for ESCC patients with aberrant JNK2 expression.
Curcumin Reduces Hypoxia/Reperfusion Injury of Cardiomyocytes by
Stimulating Vascular Endothelial Cells to Secrete FGF2
Authors: Cui Jian-kun , Fan Mingming , Wang Qinwen 
Published: November 2023

Objective::
Endothelial cells (ECs) can provide cell protection for cardiomyocytes
(CMs) under hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) conditions by secreting derived factors. This study
aimed to explore the role of curcumin (CUR) in ECs for protecting CMs from HR injury.

Methods::
A co-culture system for ECs and CMs was set up, and subjected to HR. The transcription,
expression, and secretion of FGF2 were detected by RT-qPCR, western blot, and
ELISA, respectively. siRNAs specifically targeting FGF2 were transfected into ECs. FGF2 receptor-
specific inhibitors (AZD4547) were used to treat CMs.

Results::
The co-culture with ECs did not affect the proliferation of CMs, while CUR and ECs
co-culture had a synergistic effect on promoting the proliferation of CMs in HR. Furthermore,
the co-culture with ECs did not affect the apoptosis and autophagy of CMs in HR. However, the
co-culture of ECs after CUR treatment inhibited the apoptosis and autophagy of CMs in HR.
CUR treatment significantly enhanced FGF2 mRNA, protein, and secretion levels of ECs in
HR. In addition, CUR treatment increased FGF2 levels in the CMs medium in the ECs and
CMs co-culture system. The reduction of FGF2 levels in the medium and the inhibition of
FGF2 receptors significantly inhibited the proliferation of CMs and significantly promoted the
apoptosis and autophagy of CMs in HR.

Conclusion::
Focusing on the protective effects of CUR and ECs on cardiomyocytes is of great
significance for the treatment of clinical myocardial HR injury.
Shikonin Suppresses Cell Tumorigenesis in Gastric Cancer Associated
with the Inhibition of c-Myc and Yap-1
Authors: Zhang Fei , Chu Mingliang , Liu Jiemin , Zhao Qi , Zhu Yanqiu , Wu Xuefang 
Published: November 2023

aims:
To explore the potential roles and mechanisms of shikonin in gastric cancer by network pharmacology and biological experiments.

background:
Gastric cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers in the world. Although the survival rate of gastric cancer has improved worldwide for many years, it is difficult to treat due to its high tumor recurrence and easy resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs.Recently studies showed that traditional Chinese medicine Shikonin had anti-cancer effects with their unique advantages of high efficiency and small side effect.

objective:
To study the potential roles and mechanisms of shikonin in gastric cancer by network pharmacology and biological experiments.

method:
The key genes and targets of shikonin in gastric cancer were predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking study. The effect of shikonin on the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells was detected by the CCK8 method, Wound healing and Transwell assays. The expression levels of c-Myc and Yap-1 protein in gastric cancer cells after shikonin intervention were detected by western blotting.

result:
The study of network pharmacology found that the key target genes of shikonin on gastric cancer cells were c-Myc, Yap-1, AKT1,etc. GO and KEGG analysis showed regulation of cell migration, proliferation, adhesion and other biological processes; PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, necroptosis and other cancer pathways. Molecular docking showed that shikonin was most closely combined with protooncogene c-Myc and Yap-1. In vitro experiments showed that the proliferation rate, migration and invasion ability of gastric cancer cell group decreased significantly after shikonin intervention for 24h, and it was concentration-dependent. The expression levels of c-Myc and Yap-1 in gastric cancer cells were significantly decreased after shikonin intervention.

conclusion:
This study showed that protooncogene c-Myc and Yap-1 were the core target genes of shikonin on gastric cancer cells. Shikonin may suppress gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the protooncogene c-Myc and Yap-1. It suggested shikonin maybe a good candidate for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Pan-cancer Analysis Combined with Experiments Deciphers PHB Regulation for Breast Cancer Cell Survival and Predicts Biomarker Function
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyan , Li Yue , Liu Jiali , Lu Wei , Liu Sanyuan , Li Jing , He Qian 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Breast carcinoma has become the leading fatal disease among women.
The location of prohibitin in the chromosome is close to the breast cancer susceptibility gene 1
(BRCA1). Accumulated research reported that prohibitin could interact with a variety of transcription
factors and cell cycle-regulating proteins.

Objective:
This present study aims to comprehensively explore and reveal the biological functions
of prohibitin on breast cancer via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and validation experiment
in vitro.

Methods:
Exploring the expression level of prohibitin across 27 tumors based on the TGGA database
by bioinformatic methods and its relationship with tumor immune infiltration. Furthermore,
we thus analyzed the biological roles of prohibitin on human breast cancer cell line MCF-
7 with pEGFP-prohibitin overexpression plasmid by western blotting and transwell-assay.

Results:
Firstly, we found prohibitin is overexpressed in most tumors based on The Cancer Genome
Atlas database, and the negative relationships between prohibitin and tumors infiltrating
lymphocytes including B lymphocyte, CD4 T lymphocyte, CD8 T lymphocyte, Neutrophil, Macrophage
and Dendritic, and its significant correlation with the prognosis of human cancer. In
vitro, expression not only inhibited cell viability and invasive abilities but also increased the
apoptosis percentage of cells with a decreased percentage of the S phase and an increased G2
phase. The reduction of Bcl-2 was observed when prohibitin was upregulated, although the expression
of E2F-1 did not change.

Conclusion:
Although prohibitin is over-expressed in various cancer types, it functions as an
important tumor suppressor that may suppress breast cancer cell proliferation and the invasive
ability of MCF-7 by influencing its DNA synthesis and promoting cell apoptosis. All these may
be likely associated with P53, erbB-2, and Bcl-2.
Testosterone with Silymarin Improves Diabetes-obesity Comorbidity
Complications by Modulating Inflammatory Responses and CYP7A1/ACC
Gene Expressions in Rats
Authors: Zhu Dongli , Du Yuanyuan , Zhu Lili , Alahmadi Tahani Awad , Hussein-Al-Ali Samer Hasan , Wang Qinhu 
Published: November 2023

Background::
The co-morbidity of DMOB has become increasingly problematic
among the world's population because of a high-calorie diet and sedentary lifestyle. DMOB is
associated with lower testosterone (TN) levels, the male sex hormone. The phytochemical compound
silymarin (SN) exerts antidiabetic activity by modifying β-cells and anti-obesity activity
by inhibiting adipogenesis by methylxanthine.

Aim::
The goal of this study was to find out how well testosterone (TN) with silymarin (SN) protects
against oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver of the experimental rats with type 2
diabetes (T2D) and obesity (DMOB).

Objectives::
The present study evaluates the efficacy of TN and SN combination (TNSN) on the
levels of the potential parameters, such as body mass, serum marker enzymes, fasting glucose
levels, HbA1c levels, lipid profile, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, proinflammatory
cytokines, gene expression pathways, and histopathology in a DMOB comorbidity rat model.

Methods::
Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks with an
administration of a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) i.p. injection (30 mg/kg) on the 9th week
of the study. The procedure was to develop the DMOB co-morbidity model in the experimental
animals. Co-treatment of TN and SN administration were followed throughout the experiment.
Rats were sacrificed after overnight fasting to collect serum and liver tissue samples. Samples
were analyzed using a clinical chemistry automated analyzer, spectrophotometry, and quantitative
real-time PCR (qPCR) methods and protocols.

Results::
Analyses of body mass changes, serum marker enzymes, fasting glucose levels, HbA1c
levels, lipid profiles, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, TNF-α, IL-6, adiponectin,
CYP7A1, ACC expression pathways, and histopathology showed significant abnormal levels (P
≤ 0.05) in the pathological group. These were efficiently treated to normal by the administration
of TNSN.

Conclusion::
These results concluded that TNSN exerted protective efficacy against the liver
abnormalities in the co-morbidity of the DMOB rat model.
N-Heterocycle based Degraders (PROTACs) Manifesting Anticancer
Efficacy: Recent Advances
Authors: Banerjee Suddhasatwa , Sharma Sachin , Thakur Amandeep , Sachdeva Ritika , Sharma Ram , Nepali Kunal , Liou Jing Ping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) technology has emerged as a promising
strategy for the treatment of undruggable therapeutic targets. Researchers have invested a great effort
in developing druggable PROTACs; however, the problems associated with PROTACs, including
poor solubility, metabolic stability, cell permeability, and pharmacokinetic profile, restrict
their clinical utility. Thus, there is a pressing need to expand the size of the armory of PROTACs
which will escalate the chances of pinpointing new PROTACs with optimum pharmacokinetic
and pharmacodynamics properties. N- heterocycle is a class of organic frameworks that have been
widely explored to construct new and novel PROTACs. This review provides an overview of recent
efforts of medicinal chemists to develop N-heterocycle-based PROTACs as effective cancer
therapeutics. Specifically, the recent endeavors centred on the discovery of PROTACs have been
delved into various classes based on the E3 ligase they target (MDM2, IAP, CRBN, and other E3
ligases). Mechanistic insights revealed during the biological assessment of recently furnished Nheterocyclic-
based PROTACs constructed via the utilization of ligands for various E3 ligases
have been discussed.
Targeted Delivery Strategies of Herbal-Based Nanogels: Advancements
and Applications
Authors: Mishra Sudhanshu , Jayronia Sonali , Tyagi Lalit Kumar , Kohli Kanchan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
The objective of this review is to thoroughly investigate herbal nano gels as a promising
drug delivery approach for the management of various chronic and acute disorders. Herbal
nano gels are a novel and promising drug delivery technique, offering special benefits for better
therapeutic efficacy. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the herbal nano gels with a
particular emphasis on their evaluation concerning conventional dosage forms, polymer selection
criteria, drug release mechanisms, and applications. The comparison study demonstrates that herbal
nano gels have different benefits over conventional dose forms. In the areas of oral administration
for improved bioavailability and targeted delivery to the gastrointestinal tract, topical drug delivery
for dermatological conditions, and targeted delivery strategies for the site-specific treatment
of cancer, inflammatory diseases, and infections, they demonstrate encouraging results in transdermal
drug delivery for systemic absorption. A promising platform for improved medication delivery
and therapeutic effectiveness is provided by herbal nanogels. Understanding drug release
mechanisms further contributes to the controlled and sustained delivery of herbal therapeutics.
Some of the patents are discussed and the comparative analysis showcases their superiority over
conventional dosage forms, and the polymer selection criteria ensure the design of efficient and optimized
formulations. Herbal-based nano gels have become a potential approach for improving
drug administration. They provide several advantages such as better stability, targeted delivery,
and controlled release of therapeutic components. Herbal nano gels are a promising therapeutic approach
with the ability to combat a wide range of conditions like cancer, wound healing and also
improve patient compliance.
Does “Moringa Miracle” Happen to You Ever?
Authors: Sattar Tabinda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
This is a short discussion about an opinion on the limitless benefits of a miraculous
tree, scientifically called ‘Moringa oleifera’. This article aimed to collect all the latest informational research about the tree whose every part is full of nutrients. This paper highlights all the
possible ingredients present in moringa, its uses for every part of the human body, and its usefulness against certain important diseases. Intake of moringa, its benefits, and the prevention of
some major diseases after using it, have been precisely discussed in this piece of research.
Consistency of Radiological Grading of Cervical Foraminal Stenosis
Authors: Meacock James , Smedley Alex , Sinha Priyank , Igra Mark , Macmullen-Price Jeremy , Jayne David , Stocken Deborah , Currie Stuart , Thomson Simon 
Published: November 2023

Background::
The degree of cervical foraminal stenosis on MRI scans may be measured and categorised using the Kim or modified Kim methods. These grading
scales have not previously been validated in a cohort of patients awaiting surgery.

Objectives::
To establish the normal foraminal and root diameters as well as the consistency of inter and intra-rater grading using the Kim and modified Kim
grading systems in pre-operative surgical patients.

Methods::
Asymptomatic cervical nerve roots and foramina demonstrated on the pre-operative MRI scans of adult surgical patients with cervical
radiculopathy were measured and categorised by six raters using the Kim and modified Kim grading methods. Repeat “second pass” measurements
were made by the same assessors on the same images a minimum of one month later.

Results::
Foraminal diameters (mm) in asymptomatic foramina were C2/C3 (mean±SD): 4.18±1.44, C3/C4 2.96±1.23, C4/C5 3.02±1.19, C5/C6 3.15±1.33,
C6/C7 3.53±1.36, C7/T1 3.93±1.34. Nerve root diameters were C3 3.11±0.87, C4 2.95±0.77, C5 2.56±0.73, C6 2.26±0.76, C7 2.56±0.82, C8
3.83±0.86.

Inter-rater consistency was kappa [95% CI]: Kim 0.01 [0.00, 0.03], modified Kim 0.08 [0.05, 0.10]. Intra-rater consistency was kappa [95% CI]:
Kim 0.81 [0.77, 0.86], modified Kim 0.69 [0.62, 0.76].

Conclusion::
There was poor inter-rater consistency but good intra-rater consistency when assessing the severity of foraminal stenosis on axial T2 MRI scans.
Foraminal diameter was narrowest at C3/C4 and C4/C5, whereas the smallest root diameter was C5/C6. Volumetric or oblique MR may improve
consistency.
4D-QSAR and MIA-QSAR Studies of Aminobenzimidazole Derivatives as
Fourth-generation EGFR Inhibitors
Authors: Jia Xuegong , Wei Chaochun , Tian Nana , Yan Hong , Wang Hongjun 
Published: November 2023

Background::
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein has been intensively
studied as a therapeutic target for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aminobenzimidazole
derivatives as the fourth-generation EGFR inhibitors have achieved promising results and overcame
EGFR mutations at C797S, del19 and T790M in NSCLC.

Objective::
In order to understand the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of aminobenzimidazole
derivatives as EGFRdel19 T790M C797S inhibitors, the four-dimensional QSAR
(4D-QSAR) and multivariate image analysis (MIA-QSAR) have been performed on the data of 45
known aminobenzimidazole derivatives.

Methods::
The 4D-QSAR descriptors were acquired by calculating the association energies between
probes and aligned conformational ensemble profiles (CEP), and the regression models were established
by partial least squares (PLS). In order to further understand and verify the 4D-QSAR model,
MIA-QSAR was constructed by using chemical structure pictures to generate descriptors and PLS
regression. Furthermore, the molecular docking and averaged noncovalent interactions (aNCI)
analysis were also performed to further understand the interactions between ligands and the EGFR
targets, which was in good agreement with the 4D-QSAR model.

Results::
The established 4D-QSAR and MIA-QSAR models have strong stability and good external
prediction ability.

Conclusion::
These results will provide theoretical guidance for the research and development of
aminobenzimidazole derivatives as new EGFRdel19 T790M C797S inhibitors.
Study on Separation Mechanism of Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine in
Borax Buffer by Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Xu Jinqiu , Gong Yinhua , Huang Rongrong , Cai Liangliang , Ma Xiaofei 
Published: November 2023

Background:
In borax buffer, ephedrine (EPH) and pseudoephedrine (PSE) can be well
separated (Rs>10) in capillary electrophoresis (CE) without adding any other compounds, but the
specific mechanism remains unclear.

Methods:
Titration analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, mass spectrum analysis and
molecular modeling were used to investigate the separation mechanism.

Results:
Tetrahydroxy borate (a hydrolyzate of borax or boric acid) could react with ephedrine and
pseudoephedrine to form self-assembled complexes, but the two complexes had different stabilities
and electrophoretic mobilities resulting from the different steric configurations of analytes.

Conclusion:
The complexation based on borax was responsible for the separation.