bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safe retroperitoneal endoscopic resection of pheochromocytomas
Authors: Berends Frits J. , Van Der Harst Erwin , Giraudo Giuseppe , Terkivatan Türkan , Kazemier Geert , Bruining Hajo A. , De Herder Wouter W. , Bonjer H. Jaap 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAlthough endoscopic adrenalectomy is advocated for small adrenocortical tumors, questions remain about the safety of endoscopic retroperitoneal resection of pheochromocytomas. In this study we evaluated the outcome of retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. Between June 1995 and September 1999 we performed 18 retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomies for a pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma. All patients received adequate α‐adrenergic blockade. The adrenal vein was ligated at the end of the procedure. Operative blood pressure values were recorded and evaluated. Altogether 15 patients (11 women, 4 men; mean age 47.2 years) were operated on for 17 pheochromocytomas and 1 extraadrenal tumor (4 right, 11 left, 3 bilateral). One female patient was operated on at 13 weeks’ gestation. Hypertensive episodes at operation were seen in 4 (26.7%) patients, and tachycardia occurred in 5 (33%). Hemodynamic changes could be corrected in all cases using simple measures without morbidity or detrimental effects. The mean operating time was 125 minutes (80–180 minutes), and the conversion rate was 5.6% (1/18). The median hospital stay was 5 days (3–28 days). Morbidity was 20% (3/15). Endoscopic retroperitoneal adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma is safe and effective, and it is associated with limited morbidity.
Computer‐generated trauma management plans: Comparison with actual care
Authors: Clarke John R. , Hayward Catherine Z. , Santora Thomas A. , Wagner David K. , Webber Bonnie L. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractTraumAID is a computer‐based decision aid that uses decision rules and logical deduction to generate management plans for the initial definitive management of injured patients; its use is currently confined to assessing penetrating thoracoabdominal injuries in nonpregnant adults. These management plans were compared to trauma center care in an American urban medical school hospital. The TraumAID program was available to trauma chief residents for patient care during the “golden hour.” Resulting changes in plans were documented by the residents. For 15 months the management plans for all applicable patients were documented serially, as were computer plans and outcomes. The sequential care and computer‐generated care plans were then blinded and judged by three other trauma surgeons as to acceptability and preference. A consecutive series of 97 patients was evaluated. The residents used the computer for 40 cases during patient care. In 5 of the 40 cases, they altered their evaluation, diagnosis, or treatment; in none of these 5 was the alteration judged an error. Of the 97 patients, 10 had adverse outcomes, 2 of which were judged potentially avoidable, with unacceptable errors in management. TraumAID’s plans were acceptable for both. In 31 cases previously managed by the judges themselves, the TraumAID plans were preferred by the judge to the care he or she had provided, by a ratio of 25:6 (p<0.01). In a preliminary assessment, computer‐generated, patient‐specific protocols for the acute management of injuries were preferred to actual care previously given by the judges themselves and were associated with improved care and potential improvement in outcome.
Effect of the presence of hepatitis B e antigen on prognosis after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Kubo Shoji , Hirohashi Kazuhiro , Yamazaki Osamu , Matsuyama Mitsuharu , Tanaka Hiromu , Horii Katsuhiko , Shuto Taichi , Yamamoto Takatsugu , Kawai Shuichi , Wakasa Kenichi , Nishiguchi Shuhei , Kinoshita Hiroaki 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe examineded the clinical effects of serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positivity on clinicopathologic findings and prognosis after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. A series of 56 patients who underwent curative resection were divided into two groups: 25 HBeAg‐positive patients (group 1) and 31 HBeAg‐negative patients (group 2). The mean age was significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 (p=0.0021), and the proportion of patients with symptoms was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (p=0.037). There were no significant differences in other clinical findings between the two groups, including laboratory test results, coexisting medical conditions, and operative methods. Although tumor size, degree of differentiation of the main tumor, and the prevalence of vascular invasion did not differ between the groups, the prevalence of intrahepatic metastasis and the proportion of patients with active hepatitis were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (p=0.009 and p=0.043, respectively). Tumor‐free and cumulative survival rates were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 (p=0.022 and p=0.0001, respectively). Multivariate analysis of various possible risk factors demonstrated serum HBeAg positivity to be an independent risk factor for recurrence [risk ratio (RR) 2.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–5.49; p=0.032] and an independent unfavorable factor for the survival time (RR 7.58; 95% CI 2.10–27.8; p=0.0020). We concluded that the prognosis after liver resection for HCC is worse for HBeAg‐positive patients than for HBeAg‐negative patients.
Pylorus‐preserving gastrectomy: Effect on resistance through the sphincter of Oddi compared to conventional distal gastrectomy in dogs
Authors: Naito Hiroo , Shibata Chikashi , Ohtani Noriya , Funayama Yuji , Fukushima Kouhei , Matsuno Seiki , Sasaki Iwao 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBile stasis is an important etiologic factor in the high incidence of postgastrectomy gallstone disease (PGGD). Our previous study showed that duodenal, but not prepyloric, transection disturbed the motility of the sphincter of Oddi (SO) in anesthetized dogs. We had developed pylorus‐preserving gastrectomy (PPG), in which the anal margin of the resected stomach is the prepyloric portion, not the duodenum. The present study evaluated the usefulness of PPG for reducing bile stasis, which may induce PGGD. We examined the resistance of bile flow through the SO using dogs that had undergone either PPG (n=5) or conventional distal gastrectomy (B‐I) (n=5). Four weeks after gastrectomy we anesthetized the animals and compared the basal and volume load‐induced pressure in the common bile duct (CBD) between groups with or without administration of cholecystokinin‐8 (CCK8). Flow resistance of the SO was evaluated by measuring flow volume through the SO following a graded pressure load to the CBD. The basal pressure and the threshold pressure to open the SO were significantly lower in PPG dogs than in B‐I dogs independent of CCK8 administration. There were no significant differences between groups in regard to volume load‐induced pressure elevation or the resistance of the SO. These results indicate that PPG may be more useful for reducing the incidence of PGGD than conventional distal gastrectomy, possibly through attenuating resistance to bile flow.
Evaluation of a new composite prosthesis (PL‐PU99) for the repair of abdominal wall defects in terms of behavior at the peritoneal interface
Authors: Bellón Juan M. , García‐Carranza Alberto , Jurado Francisca , García‐Honduvilla Natalio , Martín Antonio Carrera‐San , Buján Julia 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the behavior of a new composite polypropylene‐polyurethane (PL‐PU99) when placed in direct contact with the visceral peritoneum during the repair of an abdominal wall defect. Full‐thickness abdominal wall defects (7×5 cm) were created in 36 anaesthetized white New Zealand rabbits. The defects were repaired with polypropylene prostheses or PL‐PU99 prostheses (comprised of PL and a polyurethane sheet glued to the PL with acrylic adhesive) to establish two study groups (n=18 each). Animals were sacrified 14, 30, or 90 days after implantation and prosthesis/surrounding tissue specimens were subjected to light and electron microscopy and morphometric analysis of the newly formed peritoneum. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using the rabbit specific monoclonal antibody RAM‐11. The biomechanical strength of the implants was also assessed. Firm adhesions were detected in the PL implants, whereas adhesions were practically non‐existent in the PL‐PU99 implants. The surface area covered by adhesions was greater (p<0.01) in the PL group (7.36 vs. 0.11 cm2). The neoperitoneum formed after the implantation of a PL prosthesis was disorganized in structure, whereas that formed at the interface with the PL‐PU99 prosthesis was structurally similar to the host peritoneum. The excellent performance of the PL‐PU99 prosthesis shown in this study warrants further investigation into its use for the repair of abdominal wall defects when the prosthetic patch needs to be placed in contact with the intestinal loops.
Clinical characteristics of hepatitis B core antibody‐positive hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Nakai Takuya , Koh Kenzo , Kawabe Takashi , Shiraishi Osamu , Okuno Kiyotaka , Yasutomi Masayuki 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe pathology and prognosis of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatitis C virus antibody (HCVAb)‐positive HCC is well documented. However, patients with HBsAg‐negative/hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb)‐positive HCC are included with non‐B non‐C disease and have been characterized independently. A series of 125 patients who had undergone hepatectomy for HCC were divided into three groups and compared. The HBsAg group comprised 25 HBsAg‐positive patients, the HCV group comprised 70 HCVAb‐positive patients, and the HBcAb group comprised 22 HBcAb‐positive/HBsAg‐negative patients. Eight patients of negative virus markers were excluded in this study. Tumors were larger in the HBcAb group (6.2 cm) than in the HBsAg (4.4 cm) and HCV (3.7 cm) groups. Disease‐free 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival rates were, respectively, 75.0%, 57.1%, and 57.1% in the HBcAb group; 60.9%, 41.8%, and 41.8% in the HBsAg group; and 88.0%, 54.0%, and 37.8% in the HCV group. HBcAb‐positive HCC patients had larger tumors, but their prognosis was relatively good. Although HBsAg and HCVAb are used for conventional screening of patients with hepatic disorders, we believe that screening is also necessary in patients with positive HBcAb titers for early detection of HCC.
Charles-Michel Billard (1800–1832): Pioneer of Infant Pathology
Authors: Beckwith J. Bruce 
Published: October 2002

How very wide, and, at the same time, an almost unbeaten track, lies open to investigate the diseases of new-born infants by an attentive and accurate observation in dissection after death, as well as while they are living. Giovanni Battista Morgagni, 1761 [1]
Free‐listed items are effective cues for eliciting additional items in semantic domains
Authors: Brewer Devon D. , Garrett Sharon B. , Rinaldi Giovanni 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis study tested a cueing procedure for enhancing recall in semantic domains based on associative processes inferred from semantic clustering. Participants first free listed items exhaustively from a semantic domain (fruits or drugs). Then, to aid recall of additional items from the domain, participants received either the items they free listed as semantic cues (to trigger semantically similar items) or alphabetic cues (to trigger items beginning with a particular letter). Participants' strong semantic clustering and weak alphabetic clustering in free listing confirmed previous research on associative processes. By several measures, free‐listed items as semantic cues elicited moderately more additional items than alphabetic cues. Semantic cues elicited an appreciable proportion of items that would not have been identified at the aggregate level through free listing alone. These results indicate that using free‐listed items as semantic cues can be a useful adjunct for ethnographic applications of free listing. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparison of mental and physical context reinstatement in forensic interviews with alleged victims of sexual abuse
Authors: Hershkowitz Irit , Orbach Yael , Lamb Michael E. , Sternberg Kathleen J. , Horowitz Dvora 
Published: October 2002

AbstractForensic interviews with 142 alleged victims of sexual abuse, ranging from 4.0 to 13.5 years of age, were conducted under three different interviewing conditions: at the scene of the incidents (Physical Context Reinstatement; PCR group), in the investigator's office with mental context reinstating instructions (MCR group), and in the office without contextual cueing (Control group). Children in the PCR, MCR, and Control groups did not differ significantly with respect to the total number of informative details reported. Children in the MCR condition provided more detailed responses to the main invitation and in their first narrative than did children in the PCR condition, however. They also provided proportionally more detailed responses to open‐ended invitations and fewer details in response to directive prompts than did children in the two other conditions. The MCR procedures were thus associated with greater improvements in the quality of information retrieval than were the PCR procedures. In all interviewing conditions, children aged 7 to 13 years provided significantly more details than 4‐ to‐6‐year‐old children did. The youngest children provided fewer details in response to invitations and directive utterances, and proportionally more details in response to option‐posing and suggestive utterances. No significant interactions between age and interviewing condition were apparent. Published in 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Memory for events after twenty years
Authors: White Richard 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis is a study of one person's memory for events that occurred twenty years earlier. Memory was observed to follow an asymptotic rate of decay. No experience of recovered memories occurred. Factors found to be related to recall were the rarity of the event, its vividness, and the emotional intensity experienced at the time. Factors unrelated or only weakly related were perceived importance of the event, its association with knowledge, and intensities of physical sensations. Pleasant events were recalled a little better than unpleasant. Though less strongly associated with memory than is location, moderate marking of events with date and time was found. The results suggest that personal memory declines as the images of events one by one submerge into the mass of generalized experiences. The more vivid, rare, and emotional experiences are more likely to remain discriminable, and may be sustained by rehearsal. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Work‐related cumulative trauma disorders of the upper extremity: Navigating the epidemiologic literature
Authors: Zakaria Dianne , Robertson James , MacDermid Joy , Hartford Kathleen , Koval John 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackgroundCumulative trauma disorder of the upper extremity (CTDUE) is an umbrella term used to describe disorders resulting from repeated use of the upper extremity over time rather than a specific incident. The primary purpose of this article is to summarize the literature regarding the rate of work‐related CTDUE, while drawing attention to the various factors contributing to the wide range of reported findings.MethodsThe Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health and Medline databases were searched for articles focusing on etiology or rates of occurrence of work‐related CTDUE and their findings were summarized.ResultsPotential reasons for rising rates, a gender differential, and the substantial range in rates and rate ratios are delineated and important factors to consider when interpreting rates derived from workers' compensation data are detailed.ConclusionsFuture research should attempt to correctly identify more specific categories of CTDUE in well‐defined and accurately‐quantified “at risk” populations to provide more meaningful information regarding the epidemiology of CTDUE and the effectiveness of control activities. Am. J. Ind. Med. 42:258–269, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel mutation of TBX3 in a Japanese family with Ulnar‐Mammary syndrome: Implication for impaired sex development
Authors: Sasaki Goro , Ogata Tsutomu , Ishii Tomohiro , Hasegawa Tomonobu , Sato Seiji , Matsuo Nobutake 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe report on a Japanese family (two brothers and their mother) with ulnar‐mammary syndrome (UMS). Clinical features included hypoplasia or aplasia of upper limbs on the ulnar side in the three affected individuals, micropenis with or without cryptorchidism, and hypoplastic nipples in the brothers; and hypoplastic mammary glands and nipples, poor perspiration, and bicornuate uterus in the mother. Endocrine studies performed for the underdeveloped external genitalia when the brothers were 11 6/12 and 7 2/12 years old, respectively, indicated low to low‐normal responses of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulation tests (elder brother: LH = < 0.2 → 2.2 IU/L, FSH = 0.6 → 2.2 IU/L; younger brother: LH = < 0.2 → 3.3 IU/L, FSH = 0.7 → 4.4 IU/L) and normal testosterone responses to human gonadotropin stimulation tests (elder brother: < 0.5 → 8.8 nmol/L; younger brother: < 0.5 → 6.3 nmol/L). Testosterone enanthate therapy (25 mg/dose IM twice) was effective in the brothers, with penile length increase being similar between the brothers (∼5 mm/dose) and 23 age‐matched boys with idiopathic micropenis (mean 4.4 mm/dose, range 2.5–7.5 mm/dose). Sequence analysis of the TBX3 gene showed a novel heterozygous nonsense mutation (A817T, K273X) in exon 4 of the three patients. The results are consistent with the previous finding that UMS is caused by haploinsufficiency of TBX3, and imply that mild gonadotropin deficiency may be the primary cause for underdeveloped external genitalia in males with UMS. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Refinement of the autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (PKHD1) interval and exclusion of an EF hand‐containing gene as aPKHD1candidate gene
Authors: Onuchic Luiz F. , Mrug Michal , Hou Xiaoying , Eggermann Thomas , Bergmann Carsten , Zerres Klaus , Avner Ellis D. , Furu Laszlo , Somlo Stefan , Nagasawa Yasuyuki , Germino Gregory G. , Guay‐Woodford Lisa M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAutosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an often devastating form of polycystic kidney disease that presents primarily in infancy. The locus,PKHD1(polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1), on chromosome 6p21.1–p12, has been linked to all classical forms of this disorder. In previous studies, we cloned thePKHD1interval in a set of overlapping YACs, converted this YAC‐based framework into a BAC/PAC contig, and delimited the critical interval to a region flanked by the markersD6S1714andD6S1024. We now have refined the genetic interval using new polymorphic markers developed from our BAC/PAC resources. In addition, we have evaluated a recently identified, EF hand‐containing gene that maps to the interval of interest, established its transcript sequence, defined its genomic organization, and excluded this new gene as aPKHD1candidate. Therefore, this study has narrowed thePKHD1interval and excluded a potentially relevant gene as aPKHD1candidate gene. This further refinement of thePKHD1interval will facilitate efforts to identify thePKHD1gene by positional cloning. These data also provide additional, highly polymorphic markers for haplotype‐based diagnostic testing for ARPKD. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between the TNFα‐308 A/G polymorphism and the onset‐age of Alzheimer disease
Authors: Alvarez Victoria , Mata Ignacio F. , González Pelayo , Lahoz Carlos H. , Martínez Carmen , Peña Joaquín , Guisasola Luis M. , Coto Eliecer 
Published: October 2002

AbstractLocal inflammatory processes associated with amyloid plaques would contribute to the progression of late‐onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD). Tumor necrosis factors α (TNFα) and β (LTα) are inflammatory cytokines involved in the local immune response occurring in the central nervous system of LOAD patients. Genetic variation at these genes could contribute to the risk of developing AD or influence the age at the onset of the disease. We genotyped 315 LOAD patients and 400 healthy controls for DNA‐polymorphisms in the genes encoding TNFα (‐308 G/A, ‐238G/A) and LTα (Asn26Thr). Carriers of ‐308A showed a mean age at onset 3 years younger than noncarriers of this allele (P = 0.019). Our data suggest an effect of the TNFα‐308 polymorphism on the age at onset of late AD. This represents additional evidence of the importance of genetic variation at the proinflammatory components in the origin and progression of this common neurodegenerative disease. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gender‐specific molecular heterosis of dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) for smoking in schizophrenia
Authors: Lee Hong‐Seock , Kim Seung‐Hyun , Lee Heon‐Jeong , Kim Leen , Lee Sang‐Kyu , Jang Dong‐Won , Lee Min Soo , Son Bong‐Gi , Suh Kwang‐Yoon , Kim Sangduk 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe examined the genetic effect of DRD2 A1 allele in 167 Korean schizophrenics in relation to their smoking habit. Although there was no apparent difference in the genotype distributions of DRD2 gene among the female schizophrenics (n = 66), the male counterpart (n = 101) showed significant differences in their genotype distributions. The comparison between male smoking and non‐smoking patients showed the difference in genotype distribution (P = 0.010) with a higher prevalence of A1 allele (P = 0.020) and frequency of heterozygotes (P = 0.005), but not frequency of the A1 allele. The A1A2 heterozygotes male showed significantly higher smoking rate compared to the A1A1 or A2A2 homozygotes male, and non‐smokers were deficient in heterozygotes. By contrast, among female schizophrenics, the heterozygotes showed a lower smoking rate than homozygotes and there were more heterozygotes in non‐smokers. The deviation from Hardy‐Weinberg expectations was observed in male and female non‐smokers showing quite opposite profiles. Highly significant differences were seen between male and female non‐smokers in A1 prevalence (P = 0.001), genotype distribution (P = 0.00011), and frequency of heterozygotes (P = 0.00003), but not in A1 frequency. The analyses from both male and female as one group showing no significant difference in the genotype distributions between smokers and non‐smokers could be explained by the gender difference in the genetic effect of DRD2 A1 allele. Our findings present the gender‐specific molecular heterosis of DRD2 gene in relation specifically to the smoking status of schizophrenic patients. They indicate the importance of heterosis and gender effects that should be taken into consideration for the association studies. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.