bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VISION LOSS AND FOOD INSECURITY IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND AGING TRENDS STUDY
Authors: Almidani Louay , Lee Moon , Swenor Bonnielin , Samuel Laura , Varadaraj Varshini 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Adults with vision impairment (VI) may be at a greater risk of experiencing food insecurity due to economic hardships and difficulty with daily activities. However, the relationship is not well understood. We examined the cross-sectional associations between VI and food insecurity in older community-dwelling US adults among 2,815 National Health and Aging Trends Study participants. VI was measured on categorical (distance acuity VI [&gt; 20/40], near acuity VI [&gt; 20/40], contrast sensitivity impairment [CSI] [&lt;1.55], and any VI (distance, near, or CSI)) and continuous scales (distance and near acuity [per 0.1 logMAR], and contrast sensitivity [per 0.1 logCS units]). Food insecurity was classified based on functional limitations, lack of social support, and/or financial limitations. Overall, older adults with any VI had higher prevalence rates of food insecurity than adults without VI (4.56% vs. 1.90%). In fully-adjusted models, older adults with any VI had double the odds of food insecurity than their peers (OR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.25–3.62). Although no associations were found when assessing other vision measures categorically, continuous scales showed strong associations; worse distance (OR=5.00, 95% CI: 1.85–13.48) and near acuity (OR=2.56, 95% CI: 1.05–6.21, per 0.1 logMAR), and worse CS (OR=2.57, 95% CI: 1.11–5.94, per 0.1 logCS units) were associated with higher odds of food insecurity. These results suggest that older Americans with VI have a higher likelihood of food insecurity, and highlight a need to examine strategies, such as more disability-inclusive policies impacting food access, to improve accessibility and reduce these inequities.
ADVANCING RESEARCH ACROSS THE ADRD CONTINUUM IN UNDERREPRESENTED POPULATIONS
Authors: Zahodne Laura , Ajrouch Kristine , Elliott Cerise 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This symposium highlights innovative work advancing ADRD research with African Americans, Latinos, and Arab Americans. Included papers address critical issues along the ADRD spectrum from life course risk factors, through mild cognitive impairment (MCI), to dementia caregiving. Investigating links between the early-life environment and later-life ADRD risk, Dr. Tsotsoros examines cognitive correlates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in two disparate samples, demonstrating the need to characterize risk pathways among older Latina women, who are at increased risk of both ACEs and ADRD. Using nationally representative data, Dr. Esiaka focuses on adult risk factors for ADRD among Black men. She shows that neighborhood physical disorder and poor sleep quality represent key risk factors for worse cognitive health in this critically understudied population. Moving along the ADRD continuum, Dr. Darwish focuses on another severely underrepresented group: Arab American immigrants with MCI. Based on in-depth work with older adults in Lebanon, she details cultural adaptations made in the development of a combined cognitive-behavioral and cognitive rehabilitation intervention for this group. Next, Dr. Bouldin uses nationally representative data on African American, Latino, and non-Latino White older adults with dementia to quantify racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence and correlates of caregiver support service use. Findings highlight both risk and resilience among dementia caregivers from minoritized racial/ethnic groups. Finally, Cerise Elliott from the National Institute on Aging (NIA) will offer perspectives on how disaggregating population subgroups through between- and within-group research designs can advance NIA’s goal of understanding and eliminating racial/ethnic inequalities across the ADRD continuum. This is an Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
STRESSOR CHARACTERIZATION IN STUDIES OF PHYSICAL RESILIENCE
Authors: Bandeen-Roche Karen , Xue Qianli , Liu Fangyu , Varadhan Ravi , Buta Brian , Brown IV Charles , Walston Jeremy , Sieber Frederick 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Physical resilience may be considered as rebounding well from physical stressors. Early gerontological consensus has emphasized that resilience properly should be referred to as “resiliencies”—each, specific to a given stressor type and magnitude. Specificities include that one may be resilient to a minor stressor but not a more severe one as well as that one’s physiologic state and constellation relevant to determining resilience capacity (“PRC”) may better accommodate certain types of stressors than others. Yet, the literature on resilience in older adults has devoted little attention to stressor characterization. In this talk, a conceptual framework for considering the role of stressor variation in studies of resiliency and a process to elicit expert opinion on sources of variation in stressor experience are presented. Both are applied both within the RESiliency in TOtal knee REplacement (RESTORE) study. The conceptual framework distinguishes “exogenous” (potentially randomizable) and “endogenous” (connected to one’s PRC) variation in stressor magnitude and type. Elicitation identified anesthesia aspects and surgical technique elements among exogenous features, and perioperative vital indicators, bleeding and pain amelioration among endogenous features. Stressor feature variation was analyzed: this was found to be highest for perioperative vasopressor use, body temperature and postoperative opioid requirements. Analyses describing feature associations with resilience outcomes also will be presented: These examine the validation hypothesis that more severe stressors are associated with worse outcomes. This work is producing measures of stressor magnitude and type suitable for testing the primary RESTORE hypothesis that fitter PRC blunts adverse stressor effects on outcomes.
PHYSICAL RESERVE MEASURES AS PREDICTORS OF RESILIENCE IN OLDER ADULTS UNDERGOING TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Sison Maria , Sloane Richard , Colon-Emeric Cathleen , Whitson Heather 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Measures of physical reserve have been shown to predict resilience following surgery in older adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of gait speed, hand grip strength, and 3-minute walk distance to predict resilience in older adults scheduled for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), in whom preoperative gait and mobility may be limited by pain or reduced range of motion. We conducted an interim analysis of data from PRIME-KNEE, an ongoing prospective study following participants age ≥60 years undergoing TKA recruited from Duke hospitals. We determined the change in self-reported Lower Extremity Physical Activities of Daily Living (LE PADL) score from pre-surgery baseline to 4 months following TKA in 133 participants (mean age = 72, 59% female). Gait speed, hand grip, and 3-minute walk were collected at baseline. A total of 110 (83%) participants exhibited “resilience,” defined dichotomously as any improvement in LE PADL score (occurred in 38 participants) or return to a non-disabled state (occurred in 72 participants). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex revealed that 3-minute walk distance was significantly associated with resilience at 4 months (OR=1.012 [CI 1.002-1.022]) with an area under the curve of 0.634. The presentation will review the implications of these results and present findings with an updated sample, as well as discuss the need for other predictive measures, such as provocative tests (i.e., tests that measure response to an experimental stressor) and biomarkers.
CAPABLE: APPLYING AN EVIDENCE-BASED MODEL OF CARE FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH HIV
Authors: Smith Jamie , Farley Jason , Lowensen Kelly , McDaniel Kennedy , Szanton Sarah , Ornstein Katherine 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the United States, more than half of people living with HIV (OWH) are at least 50 years. Older PWH experience increased comorbidities, earlier onset of geriatric syndromes, and functional decline. These health consequences intersect with complex social and environmental factors, further complicating aging with HIV. Yet initiatives focused on successful aging do not consider the unique needs of older PHWs. Models of care tailored to the individual that addresses both intrinsic (e.g., chronic infections, stress, and nutrition) and extrinsic (socioeconomic status, housing instability, food insecurity, and threats to safety) factors unique to older PWH are needed to improve health and functional outcomes. Community Aging in Place, Advancing Better Living for Elders (CAPABLE), an internationally recognized model of care, is a person-directed program that has been successful in supporting aging in place by reducing functional decline and disability among older adults. Over several months, the participant, occupational therapist, registered nurse, and handy worker collaborate on solutions to improve the participant’s bio-psych-functional capacity to function at home. In multiple trials, CAPABLE has demonstrated improvements in independence, safety, self-efficacy, and depression. CAPABLE is associated with healthcare cost reductions, including over $30,000 in Medicare and Medicaid savings. CAPABLE has not been adapted to older PWH, despite being well-positioned to address intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting adherence, viral suppression, and other health outcomes. This presentation will discuss the first-ever translation of CAPABLE to a cohort of older PWH using human-centered design strategies and discuss initial feasibility trial of older PWH at Johns Hopkins.
A CRITICAL REFLECTION ON AGING IN PLACE: INCLUDING END OF LIFE IN AGE-FRIENDLY POLICY
Authors: Doran Patty 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
By taking a critical perspective on the policy objective of ageing in place, this theoretical paper asks where are the end-of-life discussions in age-friendly policies? People do not like to think about “growing old”, even less so, perhaps, do they like to talk about end of life and dying. To overcome this, ageing policies have successively been focused on active, successful and healthy ageing. However, there have been increasing calls to examine ageing, and to support ageing in place, from a perspective that acknowledges the heterogeneity of the older population and the challenges faced by diverse groups of older people. The places in which we age, and our experiences of ageing, living and dying, are all influenced by social and political determinants. While separately there is increasing research highlighting inequity in both the ability of older adults to age in place and their experience at end-of-life, there is little literature that suggests how policy that supports ageing in place can also enable better experiences at end-of-life. By adopting a spatial justice lens to the concept of ageing in place, this paper first presents a critical reflection of the places in which we live and age. Second, the paper suggests there are overlapping challenges and opportunities in relation to supporting both ageing in place and end-of-life, therefore there is a need to include greater discussion of end-of-life and dying in age-friendly policy.
RELATIONSHIPS MATTERS: INTERGENERATIONAL CONFLICT PREDICTS STRESS AND DEPRESSION IN GRANDPARENT CAREGIVERS
Authors: Yancura Loriena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Literature from both research and applied perspectives suggest that studies consider aspects of grandparent involvement beyond residence and custodial status to examine predictors and correlates of grandparent well-being. These suggestions are supported by a multigenerational family life course framework, which considers lifelong linkages among family and notes that interactions among family members are critically important for well-being. Objective: This study hypothesized that stress and burden in caregiving grandparents (G1) would be predicted by relationship quality with the grandchildrens’ parents (G2) when other variables are controlled. Method: Data for these analyses were collected online via Qualtrics Panel Service. Surveys were completed by 312 grandparents who provided care to their grandchildren for at least 20 hours per week.
Results: After controlling for grandchild age and grandparent household status (non-resident, skipped generation, multigeneration), stress (R2=.21) and depression (R2= .34) were positively predicted by non-White race, lower income, and grandparent age. Adding grandchild behavior and grandparent relationship with G2 significantly increased predictive power (p&lt;.001) for both stress (R2=.51) and ( R2=.41) depression.
Discussion: These findings suggest that variables beyond residence status are important in understanding the effect of providing care to grandchildren on grandparents’ well-being.
IDENTIFYING DYAD-LEVEL PARENTING PRACTICES AMONG US CUSTODIAL GRANDPARENTS: A LATENT PROFILE ANALYSIS
Authors: Ye Minzhi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although half of US custodial grand families contain married grandparents, little is known about the parenting practices of custodial grandfathers (CGF). Based on the Family Stress model and the latent profile analyses, we identified typologies of dyad-level parenting practices among 193 married custodial grandparents (CGP) couples recruited nationally through convenience-based and population-based strategies. Grandmothers (CGM) and CGF were interviewed separately, and four types of parenting practices profiles emerged: (1) Ideal CGM&CGF; (2) Inadequate CGM & Ideal CGF; (3) Ambivalent CGM & High-effective CGF; and (4) High-effective CGM & Inadequate CGF. After controlling for socio-demographics, these profiles related differentially to the psychological well-being of CGF and CGM, as well as to the behavioral and emotional outcomes of grandchildren (CGC). CGF in Profile four reported significantly lower positive affect than those in Profiles one and three, but there were no profile differences regarding CGF depressive symptoms. While CGM in Profile two reported fewer depressive symptoms than the other profiles, there were no differences regarding GM’s positive affect. A pattern also occurred whereby CGC from Profile one had significantly fewer externalizing and internalizing difficulties than other profiles. It is essential for future researchers and practitioners to recognize the contribution of CGF to the parenting dynamics in families with married CGP.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN HEARING LOSS AND HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION: EVIDENCE FROM NHATS
Authors: Garcia Emmanuel , Reed Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We investigated the association between self-reported hearing loss and healthcare utilization among community dwelling older Medicare beneficiaries (age ≥65) who were enrolled in the 2011 cycle of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). Participants’ survey data were linked to fee-for-service Medicare claims data during the 2011-2016 period. Hearing loss was ascertained using based on participants’ hearing aid use, and difficulty hearing in various noisy situations. Those who reported any difficulty hearing or reported hearing aid use were categorized as having hearing loss. Healthcare utilization included: (1) number of inpatient hospitalizations, (2) number of Emergency Department visits, and (3) total number of days spent during hospitalizations per calendar year. Each participant with hearing loss was matched to a participant without hearing loss using a one-to-one propensity score matching to minimize confounding bias. Using generalized estimating equations, we found that among our matched sample those with hearing loss had 21% (Incidence Rate [IR]=1.21; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]= 1.06,1.37) higher rates of emergency department visits, and 48% (IR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.20,1.82) higher number of days spent in a hospital over the 6-year period from 2011-2016. No association was found between hearing loss and the number of hospitalizations. These finding suggest that older adults with hearing loss may be at risk for increased healthcare utilization. Interventions for hearing loss, such as the use of hearing aids, might reduce healthcare utilization and associated expenditures among older adults in the U.S. Medicare program.
PROMOTING ELDER JUSTICE IN THE VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION VIA INTER- AND EXTRADEPARTMENTAL COLLABORATIONS
Authors: Makaroun Lena , Smith Kathrine , Boris Lisa , Halaszynski Jaime 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the largest integrated health system in the country, provides comprehensive, high-quality care to nearly 19 million Veterans, over half of whom are age ≥60. Older Veterans receiving care in VHA have a high prevalence of most known elder abuse (EA) risk factors, many stemming from their military service. The VHA is a leader in advancing knowledge and care for complex geriatric syndromes, and now leaders in both VHA research and social work are spearheading interdisciplinary collaborations to do the same for EA. In this symposium, we present practical experiences, empirical data and lessons learned from four VHA led collaborations, including: 1) development of the VHA National Social Work Elder Abuse Tiger Team that has worked with VHA researchers to develop and lead a national strategy around EA response; 2) a partnership with the Veterans Benefits Administration to conduct novel research on financial exploitation among Veterans; 3) an education and training collaboration with the National Adult Protective Services Association to demystify the processes and procedures of each organization that has thus far led to 7 presentations to &gt;2,500 attendees; and 4) a relationship with the National Collaboratory to Address Elder Mistreatment to adapt and pilot an EA screening tool for use in VHA emergency departments. Highlighting how the VHA has built bridges both within and outside its organization and the impact this has had on advancing EA research and response will generate ideas for other healthcare systems and those interested in future collaborations with VHA.
LIFE COURSE EXPOSURE TO RISKY WORK ENVIRONMENTS AND EARLY RETIREMENT DUE TO DISABILITY
Authors: Sonnega Amanda , Carr Dawn , Chen Qize , Carpenter Rebekah , Cao Katy (Qiuchang) 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Jobs that are physically demanding, stressful, and dangerous are typically associated with earlier onset of physical health decline and may be associated with increased risk of early retirement due to disability. Occupations reflect differentiation by race and ethnicity due to structural racism in the educational and judicial systems, and the labor market, with Blacks and Hispanics more likely to occupy jobs that are more physically demanding and dangerous. If such jobs lead to earlier retirement, they may exacerbate wealth disparities. We use new data from the Health and Retirement Study’ Life History Mail Survey linked to rich job characteristic data from O*NET to characterize lifetime exposure to risky work environments based on levels of physiological and psychological stress. We evaluate differences by race/ethnicity in exposure to a wide range of risky work environments, explore whether they relate to disability retirement, and explore whether these associations differ by race. We show that there are large racial and ethnic differences in both the likelihood of disability retirement and lifetime exposure to risky work environments. Probit regressions controlling for education and cohort suggest that racial and ethnic differences in disability retirement are partly explained by lifetime exposure to risky work. Our findings may inform modifications to work environments that could improve the lives of workers in “bad jobs” and potentially reduce disparities in disability retirement.
JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY SOCIAL SCIENCES: FEATURED 2022 EDITOR’S CHOICE ARTICLES
Authors: Kelley Jessica 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Social science inquiry on age, aging, and the life course spans many topics and methodologies. This symposium highlights papers that were selected as Editor’s Choice articles in the Journal of Gerontology Social Sciences in 2022. These papers highlight methodological innovations, important advancements in our state of knowledge in an area, or emerging issues in the study of aging and older adults. Moen et al. trace the divergence in later-adulthood work trajectories at the intersection of race, gender, and class. Hamler et al. discuss the impact of skin tone on mental health among older Black Americans. Waselmann et al. present an innovation of counting number of days one attended school and whether one lived in the Jim Crow South to help explain Black-White disparities in later-life cognitive function. Falzarano et al. explore cultural differences in orientation toward familialism and its impact on caregiver outcomes. Zimmer et al. examine the linkage between war exposure and later-life frailty among Vietnamese older adults.
INFORMAL SUPPORT NETWORKS AND LONELINESS IN OLDER WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV
Authors: Manalel Jasmine , Brennan-Ing Mark 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older adults with HIV are at increased risk for social isolation and poor well-being. Although older women living with HIV (WLWH) are more likely to be embedded in supportive networks than men, they often report inadequate support in meeting their needs. The function of older WLWH’s informal networks, their effectiveness in meeting care needs, and links to well-being are major gaps in the literature. Using a subsample of heterosexual WLWH from The Research on Older Adults with HIV 2.0 Study aged 50 to 77 (Mage = 59; n = 210), we assessed sources of social support, interpersonal strain, and support adequacy, in relation to loneliness. About half the sample reported having ever (i.e., currently or in the past) needed regular assistance due to HIV or other illness, disability, or frailty whereas the rest reported never needed regular assistance. Preliminary regression analyses controlled for age, race, ADLs, partnership, and formal care status. Findings revealed that neither support from family or from friends was associated with loneliness. However, strain from both sources was significantly associated with greater loneliness. In terms of support adequacy, having someone to count on for emotional support was associated with lower loneliness, and needing more emotional support was associated with greater loneliness. Instrumental support (i.e., help with tasks was not significantly associated with loneliness. These findings highlight the importance of considering positive and negative social relations, as well as different dimensions and sources of support. Interventions to improve emotional support resources could help mitigate loneliness among older WLWH.