bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hair Cortisol Concentrations in Opioid-Exposed versus Nonexposed Mother–Infant Dyads
Authors: Morrison Tierney M. , Schiff Davida M. , Olson Abigael , Hunter Richard G. , Agarwal Joel , Work Erin C. , Muftu Serra , Shrestha Hira , Boateng Jeffery , Werler Martha M. , Carter Ginny , Jones Hendree E. , Wachman Elisha M. 
Published: December 2023

Objective To pilot measurement of hair cortisol concentration (HCC) in pregnant women with opioid use disorder and their infants over time and study the potential utility of hair cortisol as a biomarker of chronic stress in this population.
Study Design In this pilot prospective cohort study of mother–infant dyads with and without prenatal opioid exposure, we obtained mother–infant HCCs at delivery and again within 1 to 3 months' postpartum. HCCs were compared between the opioid and control groups and between the two time points.
Results There were no significant differences between opioid and control group maternal or infant HCCs at either time point. However, within the opioid-exposed group, there was a significant increase in infant HCCs across the two time points.
Conclusion This pilot study describes our experience with the measurement of HCCs in opioid-exposed mother–infant dyads.
Key Points
Experimental study of seismic dispersion: influence of clay mineral content
Authors: Mews K S , Lozovyi S , Stenebråten J F , Giger S B , Holt R M 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARY
We conducted an extensive study on the elastic properties of Opalinus Clay and the overlying and underlying rock formations, which range in the overall clay mineral content from nearly 0 to 60 wt.%. Our laboratory experiments focused on seismic and ultrasonic frequencies to determine the extent to which seismic dispersion affects elastic parameters and seismic wave velocities. The results comprise the static stiffness from undrained triaxial cycles (axial–confining stress: 8–10 MPa), the dynamic stiffness at seismic frequencies (0.5–143 Hz), intrinsic attenuation (0.5–20 Hz), compressional velocity measurements (0.5–2 Hz) and ultrasonic velocity measurements (250 and 500 kHz). We compared these laboratory results to in situ sonic logging measurements to assess the role of frequency in measured elastic parameters. The results suggest a notable correlation between clay mineral content and dispersion. Specifically, high clay mineral content leads to increased dispersion, even within the seismic frequency band. The overall dispersion of P-wave velocity in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 500 kHz is up to 16%. This frequency dependency is crucial when establishing a relationship between sonic well log data and static stiffness for geomechanical modelling. The results are discussed with respect to possible dispersion mechanisms, including the role of bound water in clay.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the underlying mechanism for over-accumulation of alkaline protease in Bacillus licheniformis
Authors: Ji Anying , Zheng Xianliang , Yang Wei , Chen Ming , Ma Aimin , Liu Yongfeng , Wei Xuetuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
Bacillus licheniformis AQ is an industrial strain with high production of alkaline protease (AprE), which has great industrial application value. However, how to regulate the production of AprE in the process of industrial fermentation is still not completely clear. Therefore, it is important to understand the metabolic process of AprE production in the industrial fermentation medium.

Methods and results
In this study, transcriptome sequencing of the whole fermentation course was performed to explore the synthesis and regulation mechanism of AprE in B. licheniformis AQ. During the fermentation process, the AprE got continuously accumulated, reaching a peak of 42 020 U/mL at the fermentation endpoint (48 h). Meanwhile, the highly expressed genes were observed. Compared with the fermentation endpoint, there were 61 genes in the intersection of differentially expressed genes, functioning as catabolic processes, peptidases and inhibitors, chaperones, and folding catalysts. Furthermore, the protein–protein interactions network of AprE was constructed.

Conclusion
This study provides important transcriptome information for B. licheniformis AQ and potential molecular targets for further improving the production of AprE.
An Ecosystemic Approach to Human Rights Philanthropy
Authors: García Laura 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Climate change is a human rights issue. Human rights philanthropy can address climate change and other human rights challenges by supporting grassroots organizations led by those most affected. However, traditional philanthropic practices often perpetuate harmful power dynamics and do not reflect the needs of the communities they serve. An ecosystemic approach to human rights philanthropy can help by shifting power to grassroots organizations, supporting collaboration and co-learning. Global Greengrants has developed an ecosystemic approach that views the entire system of actors and organizations working for environmental justice as interconnected and interdependent rather than competitive. This is a values-led approach to workplace organizing that prioritizes equity, power sharing, and collaboration. Participatory grantmaking is an example of an ecosystemic approach to human rights philanthropy in which the communities impacted by funding decisions make decisions about grants. The fund’s grantmaking process is led by a network of activist advisors who represent communities that experience environmental injustices and human rights violations. An ecosystemic approach to human rights philanthropy is essential to address climate change and Global Greengrants Fund is an example of how participatory grantmaking can work efficiently and at scale, with a decentralized decision-making model that involves a network of activist advisors who decide on the allocation of resources.
On effect of chloroform on electrical activity of proteinoids
Authors: Mougkogiannis Panagiotis , Adamatzky Andrew 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProteinoids, or thermal proteins, produce hollow microspheres in aqueous solution. Ensembles of the microspheres produce endogenous spikes of electrical activity, similar to that of neurons. To make a first step towards evaluation of the mechanisms of such electrical behaviour we decided to expose proteinoids to chloroform. We found that while chloroform does not inhibit the electrical oscillations of proteinoids it causes substantial changes in the patterns of electrical activity. Namely, incremental chloroform exposure strongly affect proteinoid microsphere electrical activity across multiple metrics. As chloroform levels rise, the spike potential drops from 0.9 mV under control conditions to 0.1 mV at 25 mg/mL. This progressive spike potential decrease suggests chloroform suppresses proteinoid electrical activity. The time between spikes, the interspike period, follows a similar pattern. Minimal chloroform exposure does not change the average inter-spike period, while higher exposures do. It drops from 23.2 min under control experiments to 3.8 min at 25 mg/mL chloroform, indicating increased frequency of the electrical activity. These findings might leads to deeper understanding of the electrical activity of proteinoids and their potential application in the domain of bioelectronics.
Single-cell analysis of bone marrow CD8+ T cells in Myeloid Neoplasms predicts response to treatment with Azacitidine
Authors: Tasis Athanasios , Papaioannou Nikos E. , Grigoriou Maria , Paschalidis Nikolaos , Loukogiannaki Katerina , Filia Anastasia , Katsiki Kyriaki , Lamprianidou Eleftheria , Papadopoulos Vasileios , Rimpa Christina Maria , Chatzigeorgiou Antonios , Kourtzelis Ioannis P. , Gerasimou Petroula , Kyprianou Ioannis , Costeas Paul , Liakopoulos Panagiotis , Liapis Konstantinos , Kolovos Petros , Chavakis Triantafyllos , Alissafi Themis , Kotsianidis Ioannis , Mitroulis Ioannis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCD8+T cells are critical players in anti-tumor immunity. In higher-risk myelodysplastic neoplasms (HR-MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), CD8+T cells exhibit altered functionality, however whether this affects disease course is poorly understood. Herein, we aimed to identify immune cell signatures in the bone marrow (BM) associated with disease progression and treatment outcomes. In-depth immunophenotypic analysis utilizing mass and flow cytometry on 104 pre-treatment BM samples from patients with myeloid neoplasms, revealed an increased frequency of a CD57+CXCR3+subset of CD8+T cells in patients with HR-MDS and AML who failed AZA therapy. Furthermore, increased baseline frequency (>29%) of the CD57+CXCR3+CD8+T cell subset correlated with poor overall survival. We further engaged scRNA-seq to assess the transcriptional profile of BM CD8+T cells from treatment-naïve patients. We observed an increased abundance of cells within cytotoxic CD8+T lymphocytes (CTL) cluster in secondary AML compared to HR-MDS. Additionally, response to AZA was positively associated with enrichment of IFN-mediated pathways, whereas enhanced TGF-β signaling signature in CTL clusters was observed in non-responders. Our results support that targeting of CD8+T cells with inhibitors of TGF-β signaling in combination with AZA is a potential future therapeutic strategy in HR-MDS and AML.
Association between Cardiovascular Disease Risk and long COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Yunxia , Wen Zhuofeng , Luo Hongbin , Liao Yijie , Chen Zisheng 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivateTo assess demographic characteristics and investigate the correlation between cardiovascular diseases and long COVID-19 patients.MethodsComprehensive details, encompassing the first author’s name, publication year, sample inclusion criteria, sample size, and demographic characteristics, including age and gender of participants, were systematically extracted from all incorporated studies. Meanwhile, the analysis encompassed the assessment of the risk associated with nineteen cardiovascular outcomes.ResultsA total of 3, 201 potentially eligible studies were initially identified for consideration. Following rigorous literature screening and quality control measures, eighteen studies, encompassing 46, 083, 975 patients, met the specified criteria. In comparison to the control cohort, our investigation unveiled a heightened risk of 19 cardiovascular outcomes associated with long COVID-19. Our meta-analysis revealed a pooled OR of 1.68 (95% CI 1.55-1.81) (I2= 69.1%, p= 0.000) for the overall risk of cardiovascular outcomes, indicating an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases in individuals affected by long COVID-19. While the heterogeneity was relatively high, it is essential to acknowledge that all studies inherently carry an unavoidable risk of bias, irrespective of their quality rating. Moreover, there appears to be no significant publication bias based on the funnel plot, Begg’s, and Egger’s tests. Sensitivity analysis did not reveal substantial alterations in the overall stability of the results.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis substantiates that individuals afflicted with long COVID-19 face an elevated risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Routine assessment of cardiac function is deemed essential for a long COVID-19 high-risk cardiovascular disease population. Timely interventions have the potential to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular diseases and associated mortality in this population.TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO IdentifierCRD42023455701
Ensemble Learning: Predicting Human Pathogenicity of Hematophagous Arthropod Vector-Borne Viruses
Authors: Hu Huakai , Zhao Chaoying , Jin Meiling , Chen Jiali , Liu Xiong , Shi Hua , Guo Jinpeng , Wang Changjun , Chen Yong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHematophagous arthropods serve as crucial vectors for numerous viruses, posing significant public health risks due to their potential for zoonotic spillover. Despite the advances in metagenomics expanding our understanding of arbovirus diversity, traditional phylogenetic approaches often miss the pathogenic potential of viruses not yet identified in humans. Here, we curated two datasets: one with 294 viruses and 36 epidemiological characteristics (including virus properties, vector hosts, and non-vector hosts), and another with 71,622 viral sequences focusing on pathogenic traits. Using these datasets, we developed a regression model and a prediction model to assess and predict viral pathogenicity. Using these datasets, we developed a regression model and a prediction model to assess and predict viral pathogenicity. Our regression model (R2= 90.6%) reveals a strong correlation between non-vector host diversity, especially withinPerissodactylaandCarnivoraorders, and virus pathogenicity. The prediction model (F1 score = 96.79%) identifies key pathogenic functions such as “Viral adhesion” and “Host xenophagy” as enhancers of pathogenic potential, while the “Viral invasion” function was associated with an inverse effect. Validation against an external independent dataset confirmed the models’ ability to identify pathogenic viruses and revealed the potential threat posed by Palma and Zaliv Terpeniya viruses, previously undetected in humans. These findings highlight the necessity of integrating predictive models with metagenomic data to provide early warnings of potential zoonotic viruses carried by hematophagous vectors at the strain level, enhancing public health responses and preparedness.
Asymptomatic hypoglycemia among preterm newborns: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Salum Shani S. , Kalabamu Florence S. , Fataki Maulidi R. , Omary Salha A. , Mohammed Ummulkheir H. , Kizwi Hillary A. , Leshabari Kelvin M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypoglycemia is the commonest metabolic abnormality encountered in newborns. Preterm newborns are the group with the highest risk of clinically significant hypoglycemia. However exact factors associated with asymptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia is not known.ObjectiveTo assess factors associated with asymptomatic hypoglycemia among preterm newborns.Materials and MethodsA cross sectional hospital analytical-based study was carried out at Dar es salaam public regional referral hospitals. Specifically, the study was done at Amana, Mwananyamala and Temeke. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics of preterm newborns and their mothers were collected and analyzed using Epi-Info™ software version 7.4. Main data analysis was done by applying a multivariable logistic regression model with neonatal random glycaemia coded in a binary fashion at a cut-off point of 2.6 mmol/L. An α-level of 5% was used as a limit of type I error.ResultsWe recruited and analysed 217 asymptomatic preterm newborns within 6-24 hours post-delivery. Male: Female = 1.1:1 (females n=105, 48.4%). Median glycemic level was 2.6 (IQR; 2.1-3.9) mmol/L. Breastfeeding within 1st hour post-delivery was the only statistically significant protective factor against development of neonatal hypoglycemia (OR; 0.123, 95%-CI; 0.052-0.287) in a fitted multivariable logistic regression model.ConclusionNearly half of all asymptomatic newborns were in hypoglycemic range. Delayed breast feeding within 1sthour post-delivery was associated with neonatal hypoglycemia.RecommendationsBreastfeeding practices within 1sthour post-delivery need to be emphasized to all expectant mothers in order to avoid risk of asymptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia. Preterm neonates maybe the risky group worth considering for continuous glycemic screening at hospital protocols.
Determinants of enrollment into community based health insurance among households in Chora District, Southwest Ethiopia: Unmatched Case Control Study
Authors: Disasa Awolu Abdulkadir , Gebremedhin Tadesse , Jihad Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCommunity-based health insurance (CBHI) has emerged with exciting ideas in accessing reliable health care services for low and middle-income countries. Despite increasing effort, empirical evidence shows enrolment has remained low in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed identifies determinants of enrollment into CBHI in Southwest Ethiopia.MethodsCommunity based unmatched case-control study was conducted in Chora district, Bunno Beddele Zone Southwest Ethiopia from 17th May-14th June 2021. About 245 cases and 245 controls (1: 1 ratio) were selected by simple random sampling technique, and participated in the study. Data were collected using face-to-face interview techniques with pre-tested questionnaire, and entered to Epi-data 4.6, then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with enrolment into CBHI. The strength of association was measured using odds ratio. The findings were presented along with their corresponding 95%CI. Variables with p-values <0.05 were considered as determinants of CBHI enrolment.ResultsThe study revealed that female-headed households [AOR:10.86, 95%CI: 3.005-39.16], age of household head, being 35-50 years old [AOR:3.81, 95%CI:1.61-9.02], and being above50 years [AOR: 3.59, 95%CI: 1.23-10.47], having 4-5 family sizes [AOR:7.3, 95%CI: 2.08-25.84] and ≥6 family sizes [AOR:13.31, 95%CI: 3.86-45.92], distance from health facility of ≤30 minutes [AOR:8.35, 95%CI: 3.22-21.65], favorable perception toward providers technical competencies [AOR:7.62, 95%CI:2.2-26.4], fully trusted on CBHI scheme [AOR:10.82, 95%CI:2.37-45.17] and moderate trust towards CBHI scheme managements [AOR:4.91, 95%CI:1.9-12.65] and positive attitudes towards CBHI scheme [AOR:4.34, 95%CI: 1.525, 12.32] were determinants among households for CBHI enrollment.ConclusionAvailability of contractual health-facility at nearest distances, being households’ head aged above 35years, being female-headship, large family-size, favorable perception towards health care providers technical competencies, trust towards scheme management, and positive attitudes toward scheme were determined CBHI scheme enrollment.
Molecular Insights into β-Lactams Resistance inKlebsiella pneumoniaeClinical Isolates with a Focus on Multidrug Resistance and Virulence
Authors: Nogueira Lavouisier F.B. , Maia Marília S. , Clementino Marco A.F. , Lima Ila F.N. , Rodrigues Jorge L.N. , Fragoso Luciana V.C. , Costa Glairta S. , Filho Jose Q.S. , Havt Alexandre , Costa Deiziane V.S. , Magalhães Lyvia M.V.C. , Silva Dilza , Sherman Nicholas E. , Sousa José K. , Lima Aldo A.M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractKlebsiella pneumoniaeis associated with high resistance to antimicrobials and is common in isolates from colonization and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). This study aims to develop assays to detect resistance genes belonging to theblafamily and investigate metabolic pathways in resistant isolates ofK. pneumoniae. The genes of the subfamilies included were:blaSHV, blaTEM, blaNDM, blaKPC, blaGES, blaCTX-M and relevant variants of theblaOXA subfamily. Mass spectrometry data were acquired on the Orbitrap IDX spectrometer (Thermo) connected to the Vanquish UPLC system. Isolates ofK. pneumoniae(N = 122) were obtained from clinical samples from 04/23/2019 to 05/29/2021. A high prevalence of resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems was found among the isolates. The identified genotypic profile showed a high prevalence of genes belonging to Ambler’s classes of beta-lactamases A, B and D. In the metabolomic study, the N-fructosyl isoleucine metabolite was identified increased in multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains ofK. pneumoniaecompared to strains susceptible to antimicrobials. In conclusion, the assays developed were efficient in detecting the main genes of theblafamily of resistance inK. pneumoniae. The use of the pentose phosphate metabolic pathway suggests a beneficial regulation of bacterial growth, and colonization in MDRK. pneumoniaestrains, with may indicate the use of this pathway as a virulence mechanism in resistant strains.
Solid tumor growth depends on an intricate equilibrium of malignant cell states
Authors: Torborg Stefan R. , Grbovic-Huezo Olivera , Singhal Anupriya , Holm Matilda , Wu Katherine , Han Xuexiang , Ho Yu-Jui , Haglund Caj , Mitchell Michael J. , Lowe Scott W. , Dow Lukas E. , Pitter Kenneth L. , Sanchez-Rivera Francisco J. , Levchenko Andre , Tammela Tuomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractControl of cell identity and number is central to tissue function, yet principles governing organization of malignant cells in tumor tissues remain poorly understood. Using mathematical modeling and candidate-based analysis, we discover primary and metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) organize in a stereotypic pattern whereby PDAC cells responding to WNT signals (WNT-R) neighbor WNT-secreting cancer cells (WNT-S). Leveraging lineage-tracing, we reveal the WNT-R state is transient and gives rise to the WNT-S state that is highly stable and committed to organizing malignant tissue. We further show that a subset of WNT-S cells expressing the Notch ligand DLL1 form a functional niche for WNT-R cells. Genetic inactivation of WNT secretion or Notch pathway components, or cytoablation of the WNT-S state disrupts PDAC tissue organization, suppressing tumor growth and metastasis. This work indicates PDAC growth depends on an intricately controlled equilibrium of functionally distinct cancer cell states, uncovering a fundamental principle governing solid tumor growth and revealing new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
From Selfies to Science – Precise 3D Leaf Measurement with iPhone 13 and Its Implications for Plant Development and Transpiration
Authors: Bar-Sella Gabriel , Gavish Matan , Moshelion Menachem 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdvanced smartphone technology now integrates sophisticated sensors, increasing access to high-precision data acquisition. This study tested the hypothesis that the iPhone 13-Pro camera, with LiDAR technology, can accurately estimate maize leaf surface area (Zea mays). 3D point cloud models enabled non-destructive data collection, and four methods for canopy area extraction were evaluated in relation to plant transpiration rates. Results showed a strong correlation (R2=0.92, RMSE=49.78) between manually scanned and iPhone-estimated plant surface areas. Additionally, the stem-to-plant surface area ratio was found to be 12.3% (R2=0.9, RMSE=28.42). Using this ratio to predict canopy area showed a significant correlation (R2=0.83) with actual canopy measurements. The iPhone’s surface area measurement tool offers an advantage by scanning the entire plant surface, unlike traditional leaf area index measurements, which often cannot penetrate the canopy. Moreover, real-size surface measurement of the canopy correlated strongly (R2=0.83) with whole canopy transpiration rates measured gravimetrically. This study introduces a novel method for analyzing 3D plant traits using a portable, affordable, and accurate tool, which has the potential to enhance plant breeding and agricultural practices.0.How to Use This TemplateThe template details the sections that can be used in a manuscript. Note that each section has a corresponding style, which can be found in the “Styles” menu of Word. Sections that are not mandatory are listed as such. The section titles given are for articles. Review papers and other article types have a more flexible structure.Remove this paragraph and start section numbering with 1. For any questions, please contact the editorial office of the journal orsupport@mdpi.com.