bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THINKING MEGALITHISM BEYOND PREHISTORY: A BERQUEAN CRITIQUE OF THE IDEA OF REUSE
Authors: Agosto Frederico 
Published: December 2023

Resumo:Neste artigo, pretendemos pensar o Megalitismo para além da sua cronologia (pré-histórica). Para isso, torna-se necessário ultrapassar a reutilização como conceito. Eclipsá-lo implica vê-lo como um testemunho do pensamento moderno, com todos os problemas que daí advêm. Seguindo as ideias de Augustin Berque, filósofo e geografo francês, ultrapassar-se-á o conceito de reutilização e propor-se-á um novo sistema de classificação baseado em reapropriações e resignificações, usando o megalitismo do Centro/Sul de Portugal como exemplo. Com este objectivo, iremos sustentar empiricamente a validade de estudos megalíticos para lá da pré-história através da análise de sete tropos transcronológicos, fornecendo bases teóricas e práticas para estudos futuros: 1) Megalitismo como recurso/alteridade prática; 2) Megalitismo como marco territorial, 3) Megalitismo como parte da natureza, 4) Megalitismo como (espaço do) Outro, 5) Megalitismo como passado mitologizado, 6) Megalitismo contemporâneo como identidade estética, 7) O Megalitismo como monumento pré-histórico.Palavras-chave: Megalitismo; Transcronológico; Augustin Berque; Hermenêuticas da Recepção; Reutilização; Modernidade

Abstract:
In this paper, we wish to think Megalithism beyond its (prehistorical) chronology. For that, it becomes necessary to overpass reuse as a concept. Eclipsing it requires seeing it as a testimony of modern thought, with all the problems that come with it. Following the ideas of Augustin Berque, we will overpass the concept of reuse and propose a new classification system based on reappropriations and resignifications, using the megalithism of the Centre/South of Portugal as an example. With this in mind, we will empirically sustain the validity of megalithic studies beyond prehistory through the analysis of seven common trans-chronological tropes, giving theoretical and practical backgrounds for future studies: 1) Megalithism as a Resource/Practical Alterity; 2) Megalithism as a territorial marker, 3) Megalithism as part of Nature, 4) Megalithism as the (space of the) Other, 5) Megalithism as Mythologised Past, 6) Contemporary Megalithism as Aesthetical Identity, 7) Megalithism as a prehistoric monument.Keywords: Megalithism; Trans-chronological; Augustin Berque; Hermeneutics of Reception; Reuse; Modernity
The Pen and the Scythe: The Peasant Question in the 18th-Century Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Writings of Contemporary French Littérateurs
Authors: Parent Arnaud 
Published: December 2023

In the 18th century, people in Western Europe knew very little about the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which was perceived as an odd and anarchic regime, where not only did serfdom make agriculture inefficient, it was also a pretext for neighbouring powers to interfere in its domestic affairs. Nevertheless, Enlightenment ideas, spreading little by little, raised the question of the status of the peasants in the Commonwealth.
Displaying observations made by French travellers or residents (Chappe d’Auteroche, Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, Linguet, Jaucourt, Dubois de Jancigny, Caraccioli, Vautrin, Gilibert) on the Commonwealth’s peasantry, and reflections by thinkers (Mably, Rousseau, Baudeau, Le Mercier de la Rivière), the article intends to show how these authors contributed to raising the issue of serfdom in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the public sphere, and evaluates their influence on readers both in the Commonwealth and abroad. Although the social and political conditions were not yet there for the complete liberation of the serfs, the littérateurs’ reflections were food for thought for the Polish-Lithuanian elite. Had the Commonwealth not been partitioned, progressive ideas would have taken root, little by little, and the peasants would have gained personal and civic rights, becoming full citizens of their country. Our survey aims to set forth little-known authors, expanding the knowledge of French literature devoted to the 18th-century Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and broadening the historiography on the peasant question in the Commonwealth.
The article encompasses: I. French travellers and residents’ accounts of the peasantry of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth; II. French educators’ intervention in the debate on serfdom in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth; III. The reflections of Philosophes and Physiocrats on serfdom in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth; IV. The reception of French littérateurs’ writings on serfdom in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Giant African Land Snails (GALS) Eggs: A hatch study for a disease-free human-animal-environmental coexistence
Authors: Olawale Ridwan A 
Published: December 2023

This study is aimed at looking into the Out-of-Incubator methods of hatching Lissachatina fulica: Giant African Land Snails (GALS) eggs; Hoping for a means to keep these animals away from disease causing worms. The study iterates the previously conceived notion that GALS eggs hatch better under moist soil varieties within 2–5 weeks, and attempts to fill a knowledge gap; Could GALS eggs hatch under moist green organic NEEM (Azadirachta indica) particles? Giant African Land Snails (GALS) are shelled, bloodless hermaphrodites with the capacity to lay eggs (whitish, 2-5 mm) after the first six months of life. A unique source of proteins that deserves Investments in most of the Lower and Middle Income Countries (LMICs), despite blows being dealt withthe popularity of several species'of GALS, as a result of these animals been implicated as pests, and also a host for the deadly Lungworms (Metastrongyloidea, known to have caused meningitis). GALS eggs hatched under moist green organic NEEM particles (a possible alternative room for baby snails, at the first few days of life, and possibly beyond), with its potential natural Antihelmintic properties, could stand a starting point for worn-free heliculture practices in resource limited settings. The results, conclusions, and recommendations are hopefully going to inform a disease-free human-animal-environmental coexistence.
Investigation of a Nonlinear XNOR Logic Gate Based on an Induced Nonlinear Phase Shift of Spin Waves
Authors: Haponchyk R. V. , Tatsenko I. Yu. , Vitko V. V. , Stashkevich A. A. , Goto T. , Ustinov A. B. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Recent years have seen a growing interest in studying the nonlinear properties of spin waves. Nonlinear phenomena, such as envelope solitons, nonlinear frequency shifts of intense spin waves, and etc., have attracted particular attention. However, a number of important issues remain to be underexplored, including the problem of induced nonlinear phase shift of spin waves. The relevance of this problem is related to the need to develop spin-wave logic gates that could be controlled by changing the spin wave phase.Aim. To study a nonlinear XNOR logic gate whose operation is based on the induced nonlinear phase shift of a spin wave.Materials and methods. An original theory is used to simulate the frequency response of a nonlinear XNOR logic gate. The operating principle of the nonlinear XNOR logic gate is substantiated. The possibility of implementing the nonlinear XNOR logic gate in a circuit similar to a spin-wave Mach-Zehnder interferometer is experimentally demonstrated.Results. An experimental study of the induced nonlinear phase shift of operating signals incident on identical nonlinear spin-wave phase shifters located in the arms of the logic gate was carried out. It is shown that an increase in the pump signal power up to 60 mW, supplied to nonlinear phase shifters, changes the induced nonlinear phase shift of the operating signal by more than 180°. Hence, nonlinear phase shifters can be used for constructing spin-wave logic gates. In addition, the operating principle of a spin-wave logic gate was experimentally studied. It is shown that the XNOR logical function is implemented in the low-frequency part of the device’s frequency response characteristic.Conclusion. Numerical simulation of the characteristics of a nonlinear XNOR logic gate based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer circuit was carried out. It is shown that its logical functions are implemented due to the effect of an induced nonlinear phase shift of spin waves in nonlinear phase shifters located in different arms of the logic gate.
Scientific and Engineering Proposals for Improving the Noise Immunity of Receiving Multi-Position Signals in Channels with Variable Parameters
Authors: Bibarsov M. R. , Dvornikov S. V. , Kryachko A. F. , Pshenichnikov A. V. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. An important task faced by the developers of modern telecommunication systems consists in increasing the noise immunity of signal reception in channels with variable parameters. Thus, the communication lines of DVB-T2, DVB-S, and DVB-S2/S2 standards widely apply signal structures (SS) of multi-position quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM). However, an analysis of scientific publications shows that the random nature of the phase change of the transformed signal constellation leads to a loss of noise immunity of the M-QAM signals. Engineering solutions for the effective reception of such signals are lacking. The proposed block diagram of a device for receiving quadrature amplitude signals and the developed operation algorithm for an amplitude-phase detector allow random phase changes to be considered and reduced.Aim. Development of scientific and engineering proposals to improve the efficiency of receiving M-QAM signals in radio channels with random phase changes.Materials and methods. The study was conducted using the methods of noise immunity research, as well as communication theory and signal theory.Results. A block diagram of a device for receiving quadrature amplitude signals and an operation algorithm for an amplitude-phase detector were proposed, which allow random phase changes to be considered and compensated for. Scientific and engineering proposals were formulated to improve the noise immunity of M-QAM reception in channels with variable parameters.Conclusion. The developed scientific and engineering proposals for increasing the noise immunity of multi-position quadrature signals in channels with variable parameters substantiate both the feasibility of using a transformed SS M-QAM with improved energy characteristics, as well as the application of the developed receiving device for processing quadrature amplitude signals and the operation algorithm of an amplitude-phase detector. The results obtained make it possible to perform demodulation with simultaneous compensation of phase distortions to increase the noise immunity of M-QAM signal reception.
Formation Model for Acoustic Characteristics of Solid Media with Ordered Fracturing
Authors: Abbakumov K. E. , Vagin A. V. , Vjuginova A. A. , Sidorenko I. G. , Sergeev S. S. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The development of new structural materials and improvement of existing technologies for the production of new products on their basis lead to the emergence of new types of medium discontinuities. Therefore, the development of new models of discontinuities that take the previously ignored parameters into account seems to be relevant for the purposes of nondestructive testing and structural measurements. This concerns, e.g., the roughness of adjacent surfaces of microcrack ordered sets.Aim. Theoretical substantiation for the processes of elastic waves propagation through an elastic medium containing an ordered lattice of microcracks with boundary conditions in the linear slip approximation, modified by taking into account the parameters of micro-convexities of microcrack rough boundaries. Database formation for experimental studies aimed at determining the physical and mechanical characteristics of structural materials.Materials and methods. The acoustic characteristics of materials were determined based on the derivation and solutions of dispersion equations describing the formation and propagation of effective longitudinal, transverse, and Rayleigh surface elastic waves in elastic media with ordered cracking. Their values were also used to determine the effective speed of Rayleigh surface waves.Results. The conducted simulation of elastic wave formation processes showed that an increase in the concentration of microcracks leads to a decrease in the phase velocities of effective longitudinal, transverse, and surface waves, as well as to an increase in the attenuation coefficients at given ultrasound frequencies and material parameters.Conclusion. The radius of the microsphere that replaces the surface micro-convexity and the roughness parameter Rz have a significant impact on the formation of physical and mechanical characteristics of materials, which are determined by the results of ultrasonic measurements. The developed model can be recommended as a basis for interpreting the results of ultrasonic measurements.
Analisis kecemasan dan motivasi pada atlet panjat dinding nomor speed FPTI Jawa Barat
Authors: Zuri Alpian , Kusumawati Mia 
Published: December 2023

Atlet panjat dapat memanjat dengan cepat ketika berlatih, namum ketika menghadapi perlombaan atlet tersebut tidak dapat menunjukkan penampilan yang makasimal. Kecepatan amemanjat ketika berlatih lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ketika bertanding. Atlet pada kenyataannya terlalu cemas saat menghadapi suatu pertandingan sehingga harapan yang seharusnya dapat dicapai dengan mudah menjadi sulit, contoh lainnya yang mempertegas bahwa peranan aspek mental merupakan salah satu diantara aspek-aspek lainnya seperti fisik, teknik, strategi dan taktik yang menentukan penampilan atlet dalam pertandingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan dan motivasi atlet panjat dinding nomor speed FPTI Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik korelasi, sample penelitian ini adalah tim pelatda PON kontingen Jawa Barat dengan jumlah sampel 15 atlet dengan teknik pengambilan sample mengunakan purposive sampling. Insturmen penelitian adalah Sport Competition Anxiety Tes (SCAT) untuk Anxiety, Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) untuk motivasi, dan Speed World Record Best Time untuk pemanjatan Nomor Speed. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif data dengan level signifikan 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat kecemasan terhadap atlet nomor speed sebesr 89,5% dan tingkat motivasi atlet nomor speed sebesar 74%. Untuk penelitian selanjuatnya dibutuhkan psikoligis dibidang olahraga untuk mengembangkan aspek psikologi yang penting bagi olahragawan atau atlet.
Efektivitas permainan tradisional congklak terhadap hasil belajar matematika SD
Authors: Rahmasari Fanny , Sutriyani Wulan , Muhaimin Muh 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai sejauh mana permainan tradisional congklak dapat mempengaruhi hasil pembelajaran konsep matematika, terutama dalam konteks materi bilangan cacah 1 hingga 1.000. Penelitian ini akan difokuskan pada cara permainan ini dapat mempengaruh proses pembelajaran siswa kelas 2 di SDN 3 Menganti. Untuk meraih tujuan ini, peneliti ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimental. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SDN 3 Menganti dengan melibatkan 33 peserta didik kelas II sebagai sampel. Untuk mengumpulkan data, dilakukan uji normalitas serta homogenitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media permainan tradisional congklak berdampak efektif terhadap hasil pembelajaran matematika dalam konteks bilangan cacah dari 1 hingga 1.000. Skor rata-rata meningkat dari 77,93 menjadi 91,21. Analisis statistik menunjukkan signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (2-tailed) (0.000) ,dengan nilai t-hitung sebesar – 5.567, sementara t-tabel adalah 2.051. Pemanfaatan alat pembelajaran tradisional congklak telah terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar anak, terutama di SDN 3 Menganti, dimana peserta didik kelas II menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan setelah mendapatkan perlakuan ini. Manfaat alat pembelajaran tradisional congklak terbukti efektif terhadap proses hasil belajar peserta didik. Khususnya di SDN 3 Menganti, anak kelas II menunjukkan perbedaan setelah diberikan perlakuan.
Light-activatable and hyperthermia-sensitive “all-in-one” theranostics: NIR-II fluorescence imaging and chemo-photothermal therapy of subcutaneous glioblastoma by temperature-sensitive liposome-containing AIEgens and paclitaxel
Authors: Du Lixin , Wang Pan , Huang Haiyan , Li Menglong , Roy Shubham , Zhang Yinghe , Guo Bing 
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, it is still quite difficult to combat glioblastoma, which is one of the most lethal cancers for human beings. Combinatory therapy, which could not only improve therapeutic efficacy and overcome multiple drug resistance but also decrease the threshold therapeutic drug dosage and minimize side effects, would be an appealing candidate for glioblastoma treatment. Herein, we report fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II)-guided combinatory photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy of glioblastoma with a newly formulated nanomedicine termed PATSL. It is composed of temperature-sensitive liposome (TSL) carriers, NIR-II emissive and photothermal aggregation-induced emission (AIE) dyes, and chemotherapeutic paclitaxel (PTX) as well. PATSL shows spherical morphology with diameters of approximately 55 and 85 nm by transmission electron microscopy and laser light scattering, respectively, a zeta potential of −14.83 mV, good stability in both size and photoactivity, strong light absorption with a peak of approximately 770 nm, and bright emission from 900 nm to 1,200 nm. After excitation with an 808-nm laser with good spatiotemporal controllability, PATSL emits bright NIR-II fluorescence signals for tumor diagnosis in vivo, exhibits high photothermal conversion efficiency (68.8%), and triggers drug release of PTX under hypothermia, which assists in efficient tumor ablation in vitro and in vivo. This research demonstrates that “all-in-one” theranostics with NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided combinatory PTT and chemotherapy is an efficient treatment paradigm for improving the prognosis of brain cancers.
Prototipe Sistem Monitoring Gangguan Motor Tiga Fasa Berbasis IoT
Authors: Wicaksono Emanuel Purwadi , Haryudo Subuh Isnur 
Published: December 2023

Dalam dunia industri, motor tiga fasa banyak dipakai karena mempunyai konstruksi yang sederhana, perwatannya mudah, putarannya konstan, murah, kehandalan tinggi dan punya faktor daya yang tinggi. Namun, pada saat pengoprasian motor tiga fasa sering terjadi gangguan seperti ketidakseimbangan tegangan, ketidakseimbangan arus, beban berlebih, bahkan overheat. Penelitian ini dilakukan agar menghasilkan sebuah sistem monitoring gangguan motor tiga fasa yang dapat diakses melalui web yang mudah diakses dan memiliki nilai akurasi yang baik. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode ADDIE dengan pendekatan bersifat kuantitatif. Hasil rata- rata pengukuran motor menggunakan sensor PZEM004T mendapatkan nilai tegangan tanpa beban sebesar 220V – 223V dengan error 1,04% - 1,95%, nilai tegangan fasa tunggal sebesar 217V – 224,4V dengan error sebesar 1,14% - 2,5%, nilai rata – rata arus sebesar 2A – 4,2A dengan error sebesar 0% - 16,6%, nilai daya aktif sebesar 144,6W – 790,4W. Hasil pengukuran suhu motor menggunakan sensor LM35 sebesar 38 ºC - 50ºC dengan nilai error sebesar 1,06% - 2,5%. Hasil pengukuran RPM menggunakan sensor optocoupler sebesar 1027 – 2375 dengan nilai error sebesar 0,26% - 58,71%. Dari hasil pengukuran diketahui bahwa tegangan tanpa beban dan tegangan fasa tunggal memiliki nilai yang baik, terjadi ketidakseimbangan pada arus dan daya yang terpakai, suhu motor relatif meniingkat signifikan, dan memilki RPM yang tidak stabil.
Population Fluctuations of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda) and Physiomorphic Characterization of Maize Varieties Cultivated under Field Conditions in Punjab-Pakistan
Authors: Akhtar Shamim , Farooq Ferkhanda , Iftikhar Romana , Din Naima , Ashraf Misbah , Zahid Alina 
Published: December 2023

Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, the most notorious insectpest of maize, has led to major crop losses globally. The experiment was conducted to study impact of three maize varieties on S. frugiperda populations and their losses assessment. The results revealed that variety YH-1898 had highest germination rate, larval infestation, pupal density, number of tassels, total grain yield, (84.06±2.14%), (15.41±0.61 larvae/plant), (12.44±0.93 tassels/plant) and (9324.71±266.63 kg/acre) standard week-03 to standard week-23, respectively. The variety, FH-2313 was found to be the tallest with plant height, leaf area index, leaf and node count, and internodal distance (67.13±3.71 cm), (70.96±3.97 cm2), (11.44±0.44 leaves/plant), (11.44±0.44 nodes/plant) and (4.33±0.22 cm) respectively. S. frugiperda females deposited 66.13±2.07 eggs/plant with grain yield 6434.06±361.84 kg/acre. Correlation between environmental factors and S. frugiperda population elucidated a positive impact with maximum and minimum temperature (0.766 and 0.679) and negative with relative humidity during morning and evening (0.790 and 0.525).
A educação de jovens e adultos (EJA): o que dizem os números dos orçamentos do estado da Bahia / Youth and adult education (EJA): what do the budget numbers for the state of Bahia
Authors: Silva Marta Rosa Farias de Almeida Miranda 
Published: December 2023

O artigo objetiva apresentar e caracterizar como a Bahia investe na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) buscando evidenciar como a EJA é contemplada nas das Leis Orçamentárias Anuais do Estado no período de 2014 a 2017. Para tanto, tem-se breve revisão dos aspectos relativos aos instrumentos de planejamento na administração pública, buscando identificar as principais fontes de financiamento, bem como conhecer o volume de recursos orçamentários destinados à EJA pelo Estado da Bahia. Levantamos e analisamos, considerando a lógica de classificação da despesa no setor público, a evolução dos recursos alocados à Função de Governo Educação e no valor programado da despesa com Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino (MDE) com ênfase na participação da subfunção Educação de Jovens e Adultos. O tema insere-se no campo das políticas educacionais e, mais especificamente, aos estudos sobre o investimento e orçamentos em EJA. São apresentados resultados de estudos exploratórios, bibliográficos e documentais. Ainda que preliminares e parciais, os dados apurados e apresentados alertam quanto à necessidade e urgência em se aprofundarem pesquisas, visando investigar e analisar os orçamentos e o nível de investimento destinado a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA).