bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syntheses, Structures, Magnetic Properties, and X‐Ray Absorption Spectra of Carnotite‐Type Uranyl Chromium(V) Oxides: A[(UO2)2Cr2O8] (H2O)n (A: K2, Rb2, Cs2, Mg; n = 0, 4).
Authors: Locock A. J. , Skanthakumar S. , Burns P. C. , Soderholm L. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Indium‐Mediated Radical Cyclization of Iodoalkenes and Iodoalkynes with and Without Allylic and Propargylic Leaving Groups.
Authors: Yanada Reiko , Obika Shingo , Nishimori Nobuaki , Yamauchi Masashige , Takemoto Yoshiji 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of 3‐Benzylindole‐2‐carbohydrazides: Synthesis of New 10‐Benzyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐1‐oxo‐1,2,4‐triazino[4,5‐a]indoles and 3‐Benzyl‐2‐(1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)indoles.
Authors: Maddirala Shambabu Joseph , Gokak Vidya S. , Basanagoudar Linganagouda D. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
gem‐Dihalocyclopropane Formation by Iron/Copper Activation of Tetrahalomethanes in the Presence of Nucleophilic Olefins. Evidence for a Carbene Pathway.
Authors: Leonel Eric , Lejaye Michael , Oudeyer Sylvain , Paugam Jean Paul , Nedelec Jean‐Yves 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of Complex Ligands. Part 97. Highly Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Chromium(0)‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of 1‐Alkoxy‐1,3‐dienes with Diazo Compounds.
Authors: Hahn Norbert D. , Nieger Martin , Doetz Karl Heinz 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Influence of 2‐Aryl‐3‐halogen/3‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinones with Salicylic and Cinnamic Acid Partial Structures on the Arachidonic Acid Cascade. Part 29.
Authors: Richwien A. , Wurm G. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Straightforward Asymmetric Entry to Highly Functionalized 3‐Substituted 3‐Hydroxy‐β‐lactams via Baylis—Hillman or Bromoallylation Reactions.
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Aragoncillo Cristina , Rodriguez‐Acebes Raquel 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Expeditious Synthesis of 1,2‐Diaminoimidazoles under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Attanasi Orazio A. , De Crescentini Lucia , Favi Gianfranco , Filippone Paolino , Mantellini Fabio , Santeusanio Stefania 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of 2‐Alkylthio‐5‐furylmethylidene‐4H‐imidazolin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Yang Feng‐Ling , Liu Zhao‐Jie , Huang Xiao‐Bo , Ding Ming‐Wu 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Synthesis and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of 9‐Carboxyhexahydro‐7‐methoxy‐4a,7‐ethano‐benzopyran‐5‐en‐1‐one.
Authors: Williams Craig M. , Bernhardt Paul V. , Wiedemann Stefan , Barden Michael C. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
InCl3‐Catalyzed Tandem Michael/Friedel—Crafts Cyclization: A Novel Protocol for Chiral 2,4‐Disubstituted Tetrahydroquinolines.
Authors: Yadav J. S. , Reddy B. V. S. , Padmavani B. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Convenient Synthesis of Novel Pyrido(1′,2′:1,2)imidazo[5,4‐d]‐1,2,3‐triazinones from Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines.
Authors: Zamora Hector Salgado , Rizo Benito , Campos Elena , Jimenez Rogelio , Reyes Alicia 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Stavudine Amino Acid Ester Prodrugs with Broad‐Spectrum Chemotherapeutic Properties for the Effective Treatment of HIV/AIDS.
Authors: Sriram Dharmarajan , Yogeeswari Perumal , Srichakravarthy Narasimharaghavan , Bal Tanushree Ratan 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The benefit of induction chemotherapy in patients age ≥ 75 years
Authors: Vey Norbert , Coso Diane , Bardou Valerie‐Jeanne , Stoppa Anne‐Marie , Braud Anne‐Chantal , Bouabdallah Reda , Sainty Daniele , Mozziconacci Marie‐Joelle , Lafage Marina , Damaj Gandhi , Blaise Didier , Gastaut Jean‐Albert , Maraninchi Dominique 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDPatients age ≥ 75 years with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) generally are offered palliative treatments instead of induction chemotherapy. The authors conducted a retrospective study comparing the outcomes among these elderly patients with the outcomes among younger patients to assess the impact of intensive treatment approaches in this age group.METHODSOne hundred ten consecutive patients age ≥ 75 years with newly diagnosed AML (excluding patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia) were treated in the authors' center over 10 years. Initial treatment was comprised of anthracycline‐based induction chemotherapy (i.e., intravenous idarubicin or daunorubicin for 3 days plus cytarabine [ARAC] for 7 days [3 + 7 regimen] or oral idarubicin) for 62 patients (56%), antimetabolite‐based chemotherapy (including low‐dose ARAC, oral 6‐mercaptopurine plus methotrexate, or hydroxyurea) for 40 patients (36%), and supportive care only for 8 patients (7%). Results were compared with the results from 200 patients ages 65–74 years who were treated during the same period.RESULTSA complete response (CR) to anthracycline‐based induction therapy was achieved by 23 of 62 patients (37%), and the 2‐year overall survival rate was 22% (which was not statistically different from the group of patients ages 65–74 years). In a multivariate analysis of the entire study group (310 patients), treatment (anthracycline‐based vs. other) and age as continuous variable were found to affect survival significantly. In a Landmark analysis, the achievement of a CR translated into improved survival in patients age ≥ 75 years.CONCLUSIONSPatients age ≥ 75 years should not be excluded systematically from intensive chemotherapy regimens. Decisions should be based on stratification systems that include functional status and comorbidity assessments as well as prognostic factors, such as cytogenetics. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Synthesis and Reactions of Alkynyl Oligosilanes
Authors: Mechtler Christian , Zirngast Michaela , Baumgartner Judith , Marschner Christoph 
Published: June 2004

AbstractSynthesis, properties, and reactions of various alkynyl oligosilanes, and their potassium derivatives are described. A series of tris(trimethylsilyl)silylalkynes have been prepared. Their reaction with potassium tert‐butoxide leads to the corresponding potassium derivatives, which can be subjected to further derivatization. X‐ray structures of three oligosilylalkynes are reported. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Restricted Phenyl Rotation in Pyridyl Thioether Ligands N,S‐Chelated to Congested Diiminoruthenium Cores
Authors: Baradello Laura , Lo Schiavo Sandra , Nicolò Francesco , Lanza Santo , Alibrandi Giuseppe , Tresoldi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe thioethers 2‐pyridylmethyl p‐tolyl sulfide (a) and p‐chlorophenyl 2‐pyridylmethyl sulfide (b) react with the precursors cis‐[RuCl2(N,N‐diimine)2] [diimine = di‐2‐pyridyl sulfide (dps), 1; 2,2′‐bis(4‐methylpyridyl) sulfide (4mdps), 2; 2,2′‐bis(5‐methylpyridyl) sulfide (5mdps), 3; di‐2‐pyrimidyl sulfide (dprs), 4; and 2,2′‐bis(5‐ethylpyrimidyl) sulfide (5edprs), 5] in the presence of NH4PF6 to give the complexes [Ru(N,N‐diimine)2(N,S‐a)][PF6]2 and [Ru(N,N‐diimine)2(N,S‐b)][PF6]2, respectively. As a consequence of the N,S chelation all the complexes contain a five‐membered RuSCCN(Ru−N) ring, the sulfur and ruthenium atoms of which are stereogenic centres, with (R) and (S) and Δ and Λ configurations, respectively. Furthermore, the coordinated thioethers contain anisochronous methylene protons and phenyl protons which are sensor nuclei for pyramidal sulfur inversion and rotation of the pendant phenyl ring, respectively. In the low‐temperature 1H NMR spectra of the complexes a single AB system for the methylene protons, in agreement with a fast sulfur inversion, is observed. Well‐separated signals of the two ortho‐ as well as the meta‐phenyl protons, indicating restricted phenyl rotation, are also observed. At higher temperatures the fast exchange of the two halves of the phenyl ring leads to averaged signals for the phenyl protons. The rates and activation energies of this fluxional process were measured by one‐dimensional band‐shape analysis. Certain trends were immediately apparent. The rotation barrier values (ΔG#298) of the dps, 4mdps and 5mdps complexes were ca. 4.0 kJ·mol−1 lower than those of the dprs and 5edprs complexes. On the contrary, substitution of H4 or H5 dps protons with methyl groups and H5 dprs protons with ethyl groups, as well as substitution of a with b, leaves the rotation‐barrier values practically unchanged. This effect can be correlated to the steric hindrance produced by the two ligands cis to the rotating group. The crystal structure of the enantiomeric couple ΔS/ΛR of [Ru(dps)2(2‐pyridymethyl 2‐pyridyl sulfide)][PF6]2 (1c), in which the 2‐pyrimidylmethyl 2‐pyridyl sulfide (c) ligand acts in an N,S‐bidentate mode forming a five‐membered RuSCCN(Ru−N) chelate ring, is also reported. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
The Redox Chemistry of SbF6− Ion
Authors: Ponikvar Maja , Liebman Joel F. , Jenkins H. Donald B. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractChemical analysis of Sb in coordination compounds requires quantitative reduction of SbV in the form of SbF6− (and its related fluoro‐hydroxy species) to SbIII. This process, although thermodynamically favoured, appears to be kinetically hindered. The experimentally observed stabilisation of SbF6− towards reduction, as happens when the associated metal counterion is complexed by XeF2 (generally regarded as being an oxidizing agent), is also discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Tris(pyrazolyl)methane Ligands: Syntheses and Structures of Monometallic and Metallodendritic Complexes
Authors: Sánchez‐Méndez Alberto , Silvestri Gustavo F. , de Jesús Ernesto , de la Mata F. Javier , Flores Juan C. , Gómez Rafael , Gómez‐Sal Pilar 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe substituted ligands Me3SiC(pz)3 (1) and Me3SiOCH2C(pz)3 (2) have been prepared starting from HC(pz)3 and HOCH2C(pz)3. The molecular structure of compound 1 has been determined by X‐ray diffraction studies, which show a propeller‐like conformation of the pyrazolyl rings. Compound 2 has been found to be useful for the synthesis of [Mo(CO)3{Me3SiOCH2C(pz)3}] (3), [TiCl2(NtBu){Me3SiOCH2C(pz)3}] (4), and [PdCl2{Me3SiOCH2C(pz)3}] (5), through ligand exchange reactions. The characterization of the new complexes is compatible with a tridentate coordination of the ligands in complexes 3 and 4, and a bidentate coordination in 5 as confirmed by an X‐ray analysis carried out with the palladium complex. The procedure has been extended for the synthesis of the carbosilane G1−[OCH2C(pz)3]4 (6) and the tetrametallic compound G1−[OCH2C(pz)3Mo(CO)3]4 (7) (G1 = Si(CH2CH2CH2Me2Si)4−). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Diastereoselection During Allylindium Addition to Norbornyl α‐Diketones
Authors: Khan Faiz Ahmed , Dash Jyotirmayee 
Published: June 2004

AbstractWe report a highly regio‐ and diastereoselective allylindium addition to norbornyl α‐diketones that leads to acyloins. The diastereoselection in the case of monosubstituted derivatives greatly depends on the nature of the 5‐endo substituents. Non‐chelating groups direct the addition from the sterically less congested exo‐face, diagonal to the substituent, while chelating substituents, such as an alkoxy or acetoxy units, induce a complete reversal in the selectivities. The presence of an oxygen atom directly linked to the norbornyl framework is crucial for eliciting a chelating effect because an acetoxymethyl (−CH2OAc) group exhibits normal behavior and acts as a non‐chelating group. The dramatic influence (reversal) of an apparently innocuous exo‐Me substituent is noted. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Nitric oxide and p53 in cancer‐prone chronic inflammation and oxyradical overload disease
Authors: Goodman Julie E. , Hofseth Lorne J. , Hussain S. Perwez , Harris Curtis C. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractNitric oxide (NO·), which is generated under chronic inflammatory conditions that predispose individuals to cancer, has paradoxical effects. NO· can activate p53, which can result in anti‐carcinogenic effects, or it can be mutagenic and increase cancer risk. We explored the mechanisms by which NO· induced p53 activation in vitro and found that NO· induced p53 accumulation and phosphorylation, particularly at ser‐15, via ATM and ATR kinases, which then led to cell cycle arrest at G2/M. We next examined proteins in these pathways in both inflamed and normal human colon tissue. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels and p53‐P‐ser15 levels were positively correlated with the degree of inflammation and with each other. Additionally, the p53 targets, HDM‐2 and p21 (WAF1), were present in ulcerative colitis (UC) colon, but undetectable in normal colon, consistent with activated p53. We also found higher p53 mutant frequencies of both G:C → A:T transitions at the CpG site of codon 248 and C:G → T:A transitions at codon 247 in lesional colon tissue from UC cases versus nonlesional tissue from these cases or colon tissue from normal adult controls. Consistent with nitrosative stress and the deamination of 5‐methylcytosine, p53 mutations were also detected in sporadic colon cancer tissue and were associated with iNOS activity in these tissues. These studies identified a potential mechanistic link between NO· and p53 in UC and sporadic colon cancer. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 44:3–9, 2004. Published 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Meat‐related mutagens/carcinogens in the etiology of colorectal cancer
Authors: Cross Amanda J. , Sinha Rashmi 
Published: June 2004

AbstractDiets containing substantial amounts of red or preserved meats may increase the risk of various cancers, including colorectal cancer. This association may be due to a combination of factors such as the content of fat, protein, iron, and/or meat preparation (e.g., cooking or preserving methods). Red meat may be associated with colorectal cancer by contributing to N‐nitroso compound (NOC) exposure. Humans can be exposed to NOCs by exogenous routes (from processed meats in particular) and by endogenous routes. Endogenous exposure to NOCs is dose‐dependently related to the amount of red meat in the diet. Laboratory results have shown that meats cooked at high temperatures contain other potential mutagens in the form of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). To investigate the role of these compounds, we have created separate databases for HCAs and PAHs, which we have used in conjunction with a validated meat‐cooking food frequency questionnaire. The role of meat type, cooking methods, doneness levels, and meat‐cooking mutagens has been examined in both case‐control studies and prospective cohort studies, with mixed results. Here, we review the current epidemiologic knowledge of meat‐related mutagens, and evaluate the types of studies that may be required in the future to clarify the association between meat consumption and colorectal cancer. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 44:44–55, 2004. Published 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of modafinil on cognitive and meta‐cognitive performance
Authors: Baranski Joseph V. , Pigeau Ross , Dinich Peter , Jacobs Ira 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe stimulant modafinil has proved to be an effective treatment modality for narcolepsy and related sleep disorders and is also being studied for use during sustained military operations to ameliorate the effects of fatigue due to sleep loss. However, a previous study reported that a relatively large, single dose of modafinil (300 mg), administered to already sleep‐deprived individuals, caused participants to overestimate their cognitive abilities (i.e. ‘overconfidence’). Because the predominant application of modafinil is in otherwise healthy, non‐sleep‐deprived individuals, the present study investigated the generality of modafinil‐induced overconfidence in a group of 18 healthy, non sleep‐deprived adults. The design involved a double‐blind, placebo controlled, fully within‐subjects manipulation of placebo and modafinil (4 mg/kg: approximately 300 mg, on average) over three 50‐min cognitive testing sessions (i.e. before drug ingestion, and at 90 and 180 min after drug ingestion). The cognitive task battery included subjective assessments of mood, fatigue, affect, vigor and motivation, and cognitive assessments of serial reaction time, logical reasoning, visual comparison, mental addition and vigilance. In addition, trial‐by‐trial confidence judgements were obtained for two of the cognitive tasks and more global, task level assessments of performance were obtained for four of the cognitive tasks. Relative to placebo, modafinil improved fatigue levels, motivation, reaction time and vigilance. In terms of self‐assessments of cognitive performance, both the placebo and modafinil conditions were ‘well calibrated’ on trial‐by‐trial confidence judgements, showing neither marked over‐ nor under‐confidence. Of note, the modafinil condition displayed a non‐significant tendency towards ‘overconfidence’ for task‐level assessments of performance. The present findings highlight the need for continued research on the many complex interactions involving fatigue states, occasional versus long‐term stimulant use, and subjective assessments of fatigue and cognitive performance. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topoisomerase‐I, thymidylate synthase primary tumour expression and clinical efficacy of 5‐FU/CPT‐11 chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Paradiso Angelo , Xu JanMing , Mangia Anita , Chiriatti Annalisa , Simone Gianni , Zito Alfredo , Montemurro Severino , Giuliani Francesco , Maiello Evaristo , Colucci Giuseppe 
Published: June 2004

AbstractWhile several studies have reported that thymidylate synthase (TS) tumour expression can be a reliable predictive marker of clinical response to 5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) for advanced colorectal cancer patients, only a few studies that searched for predictive factors of irinotecan (CPT‐11) clinical response are available. The aim of the present study has been to verify the predictive value of immunohistochemical topoisomerase‐I (Topo‐I) and TS primary tumour expression in a consecutive series of 62 advanced colorectal cancer patients that received a first line 5‐FU/CPT‐11 chemotherapy. TS and Topo‐I immunostaining was observed in 76% and 43% of tumours, respectively, resulting in a significant relationship within each tumour (r=0.365, p<0.004). Patients with different TS tumour expression showed a similar percentage of Objective Clinical Response, OR (40% vs. 28% of OR in low and high TS‐expressing tumours, respectively, p=ns); also, patients with different Topo‐I tumour expression did not show a different probability of OR (39% vs. 29% of OR in high and low Topo‐I expressing tumours, respectively; p=ns).The tumour expression of these 2 biomarkers also did not impact on time to progression and overall survival of patients. Furthermore, the combined analysis of TS and Topo‐I tumour status did not permit to individualize subgroups of patients with different probability of OR. With multivariate analysis, only patient Performance Status significantly impacted on OS (Hazard ratio 4.87; p=0.02) of these patients. We can conclude that high TS tumour expression seems not to preclude a clinical activity for 5‐FU/CPT‐11 polichemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer patients; furthermore, clinical response and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients treated with 5‐FU/CPT‐11 regimen do not differ in tumours with different TS or Topo‐I expression. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes (p16INK4A, p14ARF and APC) in adenocarcinomas of the upper gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Sarbia Mario , Geddert Helene , Klump Bodo , Kiel Sybille , Iskender Erol , Gabbert Helmut Erich 
Published: June 2004

AbstractAberrant promoter methylation is an important mechanism for gene silencing. In the present study, 50 Barrett's esophagus‐associated esophageal adenocarcinomas (ADC), 50 cardiac ADC and 50 gastric ADC were investigated by means of methylation‐specific real‐time PCR for hypermethylation in the tumor suppressor genes APC, p16INk4A and p14ARF. Additionally, expression of p16INK4A protein in the carcinomas was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Marked differences in hypermethylation were found between esophageal, cardiac and gastric ADC in the APC gene (78% vs. 32% vs. 84%) and in the p16INK4A gene (54% vs. 36% vs. 10%). Hypermethylation of p14ARF was absent from esophageal ADC and present infrequently in cardiac (2%) and gastric ADC (10%). Complete loss of p16INK4A protein expression was detectable in 45% of all tumors and was significantly associated with hypermethylation of the p16INK4A gene (p<0.0001, χ2‐test). Our results suggest that hypermethylation of p16INK4A and APC are frequent findings in esophageal, cardiac and gastric ADC. Additionally, the data point to a tumor specific methylation pattern in upper gastrointestinal ADC. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anthropometry, breast cancer and menopausal status: Use of repeated measurements over 10 years of follow‐up—results of the French E3N women's cohort study
Authors: Tehard Bertrand , Lahmann Petra H. , Riboli Elio , Clavel‐Chapelon Françoise 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe association between weight, BMI and breast cancer was analyzed on 94,805 women of the E3N cohort according to their menopausal status. Seven hundred eighty‐six incident invasive premenopausal breast cancers and 1,522 incident invasive postmenopausal breast cancers occurred during a mean follow‐up of 9.7 years. Weight and BMI were updated every 24 months and considered as time‐dependent variables. Data were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Trend RRs of premenopausal breast cancer were 0.97 (0.92–1.01) for a 5 kg increase in weight and 0.96 (0.91–1.01) for a 2 kg/m2 increase in BMI, adjusted for other known risk factors. Opposite trend RRs were found after menopause: 1.05 (1.02–1.08) for weight and 1.06 (1.02–1.09) for BMI, respectively, for similar increases. Women with a BMI of over 30 kg/m2 had a RR of premenopausal breast cancer of 0.66 (0.40–1.10) compared to those with a BMI of between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2. Postmenopausal women with a BMI of over 30 kg/m2 had a RR of breast cancer of 1.23 (1.00–1.59). The increase in risk of postmenopausal breast cancer with increased weight or BMI was similar whatever the HRT used, although the point estimates were higher in HRT users. We strongly recommend to use anthropometric measurements updated during follow‐up to assess the effect of weight, BMI on breast cancer risk. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.