bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Unbiased Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Boson Sampling
Authors: Shi Jinjing , Zhao Tongge , Wang Yizhi , Yu Chunlin , Lu Yuhu , Wu JiaJie , Shi Ronghua , Zhang Shichao , Peng Shaoliang , Wu Junjie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIt is proven that Boson sampling is a much promising model of optical quantum computation, which is applied to designing quantum computer successfully, such as“Jiuzhang”. However, the meaningful randomness of Boson sampling results has not been utilized or exploited. In this research, Boson sampling is applied to design a quantum random number generator (QRNG) by fully exploiting the randomness of Boson sampling results, and its prototype system is constructed with the programmable silicon photonic processor, which can generate unbiased random sequences and overcome the shortcomings of the existing discrete QRNGs such as source‐restricted, high demand for the photon number resolution capability of detector and slow self‐detection generator speed. Boson sampling is implemented as a random entropy source, and random bit strings with satisfactory randomness and uniformity can be obtained after post‐processing the sampling results. It is the first approach for applying the randomness of Boson sampling results to develop a practical prototype system for actual tasks, and the experiment results demonstrate that the designed Boson sampling‐based QRNG prototype system passes 15 tests of the NIST SP 800‐22 statistical test component, which proves that Boson sampling has great potential for practical applications with desirable performance besides quantum advantage.
Four years of multimodal odometry and mapping on the rail vehicles
Authors: Wang Yusheng , Song Weiwei , Zhang Yi , Huang Fei , Tu Zhiyong , Li Ruoying , Zhang Shimin , Lou Yidong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrecise, seamless, and efficient train localization as well as long‐term railway environment monitoring is the essential property towards reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety engineering for railroad systems. Simultaneous localization and mapping is right at the core of solving the two problems concurrently. To this end, we propose a high‐performance and versatile multimodal framework in this paper, targeted for the odometry and mapping task for various rail vehicles. Our system is built atop an inertial‐centric state estimator that tightly couples light detection and ranging (LiDAR), visual, optionally satellite navigation, and map‐based localization information with the convenience and extendibility of loosely coupled methods. The inertial sensors inertial measurement unit and wheel encoder are treated as the primary sensor, which achieves the observations from subsystems to constrain the accelerometer and gyroscope biases. Compared with point‐only LiDAR‐inertial methods, our approach leverages more geometry information by introducing both track plane and electric power pillars into state estimation. The visual‐inertial subsystem also utilizes the environmental structure information by employing both lines and points. Besides, the method is capable of handling sensor failures by automatic reconfiguration bypassing failure modules. Our proposed method has been extensively tested in the long‐during railway environments over 4 years, including general‐speed, high‐speed, and metro, where both passenger and freight traffic are investigated. Further, we aim to share, in an open way, the experiences, problems, and successes of our group with the robotics community so that those who work in such environments can avoid these errors. In this view, we open source some of the data sets to benefit the research community.
Coordinated trajectory tracking control for mining excavator with oscillating external disturbance
Authors: Fan Rujun , Li Yunhua , Yang Liman , Qin Tao , Zhang Yongwei , Wang Zhaoxiong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe mining excavator is a significant type of field robot, however, its ability to track excavation trajectories accurately is limited by model uncertainties and fast‐changing external digging force. This paper presents a novel trajectory tracking coordinate control approach for mining excavators by utilizing cross‐coupling control (CCS). The approach begins by defining the coordination error based on the motion relationship. A super‐twisting nonsingular sliding mode controller is then combined with an adaptive radial basis function neural network to compensate for the unknown nonlinear term that includes model uncertainties and external excavating forces. Moreover, CCS is introduced to enhance the coordination of different actuators. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is validated through comparative simulations and experiments.
Exploring the Molecular Interactions between Acyclovir and Hormones: Insights from Density Functional Theory Calculations
Authors: Raman Anirudh Pratap Singh , Tomar Jaya , Jain Pallavi , Kumar Ajay , Singh Prashant , Kumari Kamlesh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAcyclovir, a widely used antiviral medication, is primarily known for its efficacy against viral infections caused by the herpes simplex virus and varicella‐zoster virus. While acyclovir‘s direct effects on viral DNA replication are well‐established, its potential interactions with hormone receptors and influence on hormone functioning remain relatively unexplored. This study employs computational study to investigate the hypothetical relationship between acyclovir and hormone activity. By utilizing DFT studies and NBO analysis, the interaction between acyclovir and hormones is assessed. The results show an increase in the dipole moment of complexes, and drug‐hormone complex conformation may be stabilised by hydrogen bonding. The computed ▵E of the complexes is found to be lesser than the hormone that improved the reactivity of the complexes. From the IR spectra analysis, the formation of hormones and their complexes with acyclovir is analysed.
Green and Low‐Cost Alkali‐Polyphenol Synergetic Self‐Catalysis System Access to Fast Gelation of Self‐Healable and Self‐Adhesive Conductive Hydrogels for Self‐Powered Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Zhang Hongmei , Xue Kai , Xu Xihang , Wang Xiaohui , Wang Bing , Shao Changyou , Sun Runcang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBiomass‐based hydrogels have attracted great attention in flexible and sustainable self‐powered power sources but struggled to fabricate in a green, high‐efficiency, and low‐cost manner. Herein, a novel and facile alkali‐polyphenol synergetic self‐catalysis system is originally employed for the fast gelation of self‐healable and self‐adhesive lignin‐based conductive hydrogels, which can be regarded as hydrogel electrodes of flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). This synergy self‐catalytic system comprises aqueous alkali and polyphenol‐containing lignin, in which alkali‐activated ammonium persulfate (APS) significantly accelerates the generation of radicals and initiates the polymerization of monomers, while polyphenol acts as a stabilizer to avoid bursting polymerization from inherent radical scavenging ability. Furthermore, multiple hydrogen bonds between lignin biopolymers and polyacrylamide (PAM) chains impart lignin‐based hydrogels with exceptional adhesiveness and self‐healing properties. Intriguingly, the alkaline conditions not only contribute to the solubility of lignin but also impart superior ionic conductivity of lignin‐based hydrogel that is applicable to flexible TENG in self‐powered energy‐saving stair light strips, which holds great promise for industrial applications of soft electronics.
Enhancing Performance of Ultraviolet C Photodetectors Through Single‐Domain Epitaxy of Monoclinic β‐Ga2O3 Films and Tailored Anti‐Reflection Coating
Authors: Kim Byungsoo , Kim Seungju , Lee Tae Hyung , Yang Duyoung , Lee Dongyup , Sohn Woonbae , Yoon Euijoon , Park Yongjo , Jang Ho Won 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImplementing high‐performance ultraviolet C photodetectors (UVC PDs) based on β‐Ga2O3 films is challenging owing to the anisotropic crystal symmetry between the epitaxial films and substrates. In this study, highly enhanced state‐of‐the‐art photoelectrical performance is achieved using single‐domain epitaxy of monoclinic β‐Ga2O3 films on a hexagonal sapphire substrate. Unlike 3D β‐Ga2O3 films with twin domains, 2D β‐Ga2O3 films exhibit a single domain with a smooth surface and low concentration of point defects, which enable efficient charge separation by suppressing boundary‐induced recombination. Furthermore, a tailored anti‐reflection coating (ARC) is adopted as a light‐absorbing medium to improve charge generation. The tailored nanostructure, which features a gradient refractive index, not only substantially reduces the reflection, but also suppresses the surface leakage current as a passivation layer. This study provides fundamental insights into the single‐domain epitaxy of β‐Ga2O3 films and the application of ARC for the development of high‐performance UVC PDs.
Enhanced Sensing Performance of SnXTi1‐XO2‐TiXSn1‐XO2 Core–Shell Heterostructure via Increasing the Density of Unsaturated Sn and Ti Atoms
Authors: Liu Junfang , Duan Zhiqing , Duan Yunqing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe strategy of combining different semiconductor materials is adjudged an effective approach to improve the sensing performances of semiconductor materials. However, the specific synergistic mechanism for the excellent gas‐sensitive performances of composite materials has not been elucidated. Herein, a facile solvothermal method is employed to synthesize SnXTi1‐XO2‐TiXSn1‐XO2 core–shell heterostructures using SnCl4•5H2O and tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) as raw materials. When the molar ratio of SnCl4•5H2O/TBOT is 1.8/3.0, the afforded composite exhibited the highest gas sensing performances compared with other composites prepared with other molar ratios. The enhanced sensing performance is attributed to the simultaneous incorporation of Sn and Ti ions into each other's lattice, leading to an increase in the density of unsaturated Sn and Ti atoms on the surface. Ultimately, more oxygen vacancies are formed by the unsaturated Sn and Ti atoms, which benefits electron capture and the redox reaction of adsorbed gases. Thus, the concept of increased unsaturated metal atoms and oxygen vacancy resulting from the doping of different metal ions into each other's lattice has deepened the understanding of gas sensing and the catalytic reaction mechanisms. The lattice synergy of different metals provides a pathway for the design of advanced gas‐sensing materials and catalysts.
Genome‐wide dissection and haplotype analysis identified candidate loci for nitrogen use efficiency under drought conditions in winter wheat
Authors: Koua Ahossi Patrice , Siddiqui Md. Nurealam , Heß Katrin , Klag Nikko , Kambona Carolyn Mukiri , Duarte‐Delgado Diana , Oyiga Benedict Chijioke , Léon Jens , Ballvora Agim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate change causes extreme conditions like prolonged drought, which results in yield reductions due to its effects on nutrient balances such as nitrogen uptake and utilization by plants. Nitrogen (N) is a crucial nutrient element for plant growth and productivity. Understanding the mechanistic basis of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) under drought conditions is essential to improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield. Here, we evaluated the genetic variation of NUE‐related traits and photosynthesis response in a diversity panel of 200 wheat genotypes under drought and nitrogen stress conditions to uncover the inherent genetic variation and identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying these traits. The results revealed significant genetic variations among the genotypes in response to drought stress and nitrogen deprivation. Drought impacted plant performance more than N deprivation due to its effect on water and nutrient uptake. GWAS identified a total of 27 QTLs with a significant main effect on the drought‐related traits, while 10 QTLs were strongly associated with the NUE traits. Haplotype analysis revealed two different haplotype blocks within the associated region on chromosomes 1B and 5A. The two haplotypes showed contrasting effects on N uptake and use efficiency traits. The in silico and transcript analyses implicated candidate gene coding for cold shock protein. This gene was the most highly expressed gene under several stress conditions, including drought stress. Upon validation, these QTLs on 1B and 5A could be used as a diagnostic marker for NUE and drought tolerance screening in wheat.
Being Corpus: The Tourist Body as Place, Touch and Departure
Authors: Autrui AyA 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiscussions of proximity in tourism emphasise the (re)discovery of places nearby, local destinations, short distances and physical closeness. This chapter aims to (re)discover this proximity through the body. Inspired by Jean-Luc Nancy’s (2008a) Corpus, we offer a philosophical reflection on ‘the body’ in relation to proximity and consider how we might begin to think it anew. Philosophising tourism is introduced as proximatising methodology; an approach to writing and reading that touches, connects body to thought and emphasises friendship as a way of knowing and being. These philosophical reflections are presented as an expressive collage of travelling, friendship and walking the Kumano Kodo Pilgrimage Trail (Japan) in January 2023. (T)here, the touring/toured body is reconsidered through three themes: place, touch and departure. First, Corpus challenges us to rethink the body as the place of existence, opening new understandings of what it means to visit some-body. We then explore how bodies take place through touch, but a touch that exposes and extends bodies: proximity as spacing. The body, as extension, is therefore always about to depart. A departing body carries with it its spacing, including the taking-place of the Arctic as body that exposes and extends the Arctic into the experiences in Japan, and perhaps into the here, now.
Cultivating Proximities: Re-visiting the Familiar
Authors: Jóhannesson Gunnar Thór , Ren Carina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this contribution, we explore how proximity may be cultivated as a way to re-experience and retell tourism and how research might become more sensitive to modest and mundane tourism practices. By doing so, we wish to interfere with common binaries in the tourism studies literature, such as home and away and ordinary and extraordinary. Based on our personal experiences from places close to our hearts, we ask: How may we cultivate proximity as part of our research methodology to enact-through-knowing and care for (alternative) tourism? How may we cultivate collaborative ways of knowing tourism while at a distance? We invite you to two places close to our hearts, places that are—at first glance—mundane and unexceptional, to experiment with alternative methodologies. We make use of postcards from these places as probes to revisit the tourist gaze and the tourist experience, enacting these familiar places through alternative means. The postcard narratives exemplify how proximity can help us cultivate modest and situated tourism research practices and enact places and landscapes as tourism sites in proximate and sensitive ways.
Following Pollen Mobilities
Authors: Jensen Martin Trandberg , Barry Kaya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInspired by more-than-human thinking and ‘follow-the-thing’ approaches in anthropology, this chapter discusses human–pollen relations in the context of climate change and the designed infrastructures of tourism. Through a creative methodical approach, we explore the different ways pollen emerges as an object of scrutiny and politicisation. Through three short cases (‘summer thunderstorms,’ the ‘aircraft cabin,’ and the ‘hotel room’), we tease out the relations between nature and culture as manifested through pollen controversies. These more-than-human accounts take the reader through tales that cut across traditional binaries within tourism research, such as local–global and nature–culture, to illustrate how proximities are assembled through socio-material, technological, and political contexts and practices. We outline a dynamic and multi-sited way of thinking about proximities and suggest that the processes and ambitions of ‘staying proximate’ are also a question of understanding how the built environments of tourism condition and shape proximities.
Introduction
Authors: Beffa Federico 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNonlinear systems are everywhere, yet most engineering curricula devote very little time, if any, to them. The reason is twofold: first of all, there is no general theory describing arbitrary nonlinear systems. Second, the theory of linear systems is effective in facilitating the design of many real-world systems. In fact, for sufficiently small input signals, the behaviour of most nonlinear systems can be approximated by a linear model. As a consequence the majority of engineered systems are designed based on linear system theory and their usability is limited in one way or another by the deviation of the real system from the assumed linear behaviour. This book is intended to give engineers a powerful tool to model, understand and reduce the impact of mild deviations from linear behaviour and thereby design better systems.
Weakly Nonlinear Time Invariant Systems
Authors: Beffa Federico 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs outlined in Chap. 1, the behavior of nonlinear systems is substantially richer than the one of linear systems. To deal with them there is a set of techniques, each one best suited to analyse particular aspects or particular classes of nonlinear systems. We target systems that are stable about an equilibrium point and that depend continuously on the input signal.
On the Kunsthalle for Music and (Music-)Institutional Critique
Authors: Meyers Ari Benjamin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThrough an exploration of the motivations behind his ‘meta-institutional’ work Kunsthalle for Music, Ari Benjamin Meyers argues that the fundamental difference between working in the institutions of music and contemporary art is that the former lacks a sustained critique of its conditions of production, presentation, and perception. By working within visual arts spaces such as the white cube, Meyers argues he is able to draw on just such a tradition of critique and institutional boundary pushing in his practice, affording a greater degree of autonomy in self-defining the parameters of the artistic work. To achieve this in music, he argues, the concept of audience understood as the product of the fundamental separation of musical production from its reception (i.e. its commodification) must be overcome.
“Pockets of Obscure Skills”—Samson Young Interviewed by Brandon Farnsworth
Authors: Young Samson , Farnsworth Brandon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn an interview conducted by Brandon Farnsworth, Young speaks about his artistic practice starting as a composer of concert works now working mainly in visual arts contexts on musical topics. In discussing his practice, Young reveals a conception of the composer moving away from singular authorship towards collective creativity, and which fosters criticality through the dialogue it strikes with its audiences.
Introduction—Interfaces in Adhesion and Adhesive Bonding
Authors: Horiuchi Shin , Terasaki Nao , Miyamae Takayuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe social background of research on adhesion and adhesive bonding is reviewed. Next, the interphase in the adhesive bond is defined, and the multi-scale and hierarchical structures contained in the interface are arranged based on their sizes. Finally, the analytical methodologies this book introduces to elucidate interfacial phenomena in adhesion and adhesive bonding are overviewed.
Direct Visualization of Mechanical Behavior During Adhesive Bonding Failure Using Mechanoluminescence (ML)
Authors: Terasaki Nao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we introduce recent progress in direct visualization of mechanical behavior in the failure process of adhesive bonding by mechanoluminescence (ML). Firstly, basic mechanoluminescence technologies are introduced in terms of materials, sensors, sensing technologies in Sects. 1 and 2. Then, for considering effective application of ML sensing that takes advantage of technological features, (Sect. 3) structural health monitoring (SHM)/Conditioning based monitoring (CBM), and (Sect. 4) innovation in design and prediction are discussed from the viewpoint of visualizing mechanical behavior, deterioration, and failure process as killer application of ML sensing. Furthermore, visualizing the mechanical behavior of adhesive joints, fracture initiation points, and fracture processes will be introduced based on time-series information of mechanoluminescence (ML) images, using internationally standardized adhesion strength tests.
Gravitational dynamics from collective field theory
Authors: de Mello Koch Robert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We consider the relevance of a collective field theory description for the AdS/CFT correspondence. Collective field theory performs a systematic reorganization of the degrees of freedom of a (non-gravitational) field theory, replacing the original loop expansion parameter ℏ with 1/N. Collective fields are over complete signalling a redundancy inherent in the theory. We propose that this over completeness is the mechanism by which one arrives at a holographic description, to be identified with the gravity dual. We find evidence for this by studying the redundancy of the collective field theory, showing that degrees of freedom in the bulk can be expressed as a linear combination of degrees of freedom contained in an arbitrarily small neighbourhood of the boundary.
Six-dimensional one-loop divergences in quantum gravity from the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 spinning particle
Authors: Bastianelli Fiorenzo , Comberiati Francesco , Fecit Filippo , Ori Fabio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the computation of the counterterms necessary for the renormalization of the one-loop effective action of quantum gravity using both the worldline formalism and the heat kernel method. Our primary contribution is the determination of the Seleey-DeWitt coefficient a3(D) for perturbative quantum gravity with a cosmological constant, which we evaluate on Einstein manifolds of arbitrary D dimensions. This coefficient characterizes quantum gravity in a gauge-invariant manner due to the on-shell condition of the background on which the graviton propagates. Previously, this coefficient was not fully known in the literature. We employ the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 spinning particle model recently proposed to describe the graviton in first quantization and then use the heat kernel method to cross-check the correctness of our calculations. Finally, we restrict to six dimensions, where the coefficient corresponds to the logarithmic divergences of the effective action, and compare our results with those available in the literature.