bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between triglyceride-glucose index and in-hospital all-cause mortality under different glucose metabolism status among patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: 孟 旭阳 , Zhao Zinan , Song Qirui , Xu Wei , Xia Chenxi , Li Yi , Yang Chenguang , Wang Xiang , Wang Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background:
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, as a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance, is independently associated with the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. This current study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and in-hospital all-cause mortality of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with different glucose metabolic statuses.
Methods:
This study enrolled 10 964 patients with CAD in China between January 1, 2016 to December 30, 2021. All the patients were divided into groups according to tertiles of the TyG index as T1 group (TyG index < 6.84), T2 group (6.84 ≤ TyG index < 7.38), and T3 group (TyG index ≥ 7.38). Glucose metabolic status was classified as normal glucose regulation, pre-diabetes mellitus, and diabetes mellitus (DM), according to the American Diabetes Association’s standard. The primary outcome was in hospital all-cause mortality.
Results:
We observed a significant relationship between the TyG index and in-hospital all-cause mortality of patients with CAD in this study. After adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, hypertension, estimated glomerular filtration rate, antiplatelet drug use, antilipidemic drug use, and antihypertensive drug use in the logistic regression model, the TyG index was still an independent risk factor for in-hospital death in patients with CAD, and the T3 group [odds ratio (OR), 2.311; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.237–4.317; P = 0.009) was correlated with a 2.311-fold risk of in-hospital all-cause mortality compared with the T1 group. In the subgroup analysis of different glucose metabolic status, the T3 group (OR, 1.541; 95% CI: 1.013–2.344; P = 0.043) were associated with a significantly higher risk of in-hospital all-cause mortality in CAD patients with DM.
Conclusions:
An increased TyG index was correlated with a higher risk of in-hospital all-cause mortality. Our study indicated that TyG as an estimation index for evaluating IR could be a valuable predictor of in-hospital death of CAD patients, especially for individuals with DM.
Applying animal derived organic fertilizers increases the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil-onion system
Authors: Luo Bin , Sun Yifan , Liu Hengrui , Cao Tao , Zhang Li , Xie Jun , Wang Jun , Li Huakang , Duan Zichen , Gao Zixuan , Wang Xiaojuan , Gu Jie , Tiedje James M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In practical agricultural cultivation, the effects of applying organic fertilisers on the distribution and accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in root vegetable tissues are unknown. For this reason, this study investigated the distribution characteristics of ARGs in onion tissues by applying different organic fertilizers by combining macro-genome sequencing and HT-qPCR, and also integrated targeted metabolomics to analyze the phenolic metabolite fractions of onion roots, with a view to revealing the effects of applying organic fertilizers of pig manure and goat manure on the distribution and bioaccumulation of ARGs in onion tissues and their causes. Fertilisation significantly increased the abundance and diversity of ARGs in the rhizosphere soil and onion, and the relative abundance of ARGs in onion was increased by 20.2-fold and 5.3-fold by pig manure organic manure and sheep manure organic manure, respectively. Roots and bulbs of onion were enriched with different kinds of ARGs, and the ARG diversity and abundance in the root system were 1.7-2.0 and 19.2–30.4 times higher than those in bulbs, respectively. Fertilisation altered the microbial community structure of potential host genera including 20 ARGs in onion tissues and further affected ARG fugacity in onion tissues by affecting root phenolic metabolites, MGEs as well as boron and copper. Finally, a combined assessment showed that pig manure organic fertiliser and sheep manure organic fertiliser increased the potential consumption risk of onion bulbs by 36.5% and 20.6%, respectively.
Practical Analysis on Failure of Construction Beam
Authors: Shreshthi Prof. R.S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In these studies, we have investigated about two zones of beam namely as Compression and tension zone. A beam is specified with two zones as compression zone and tension zone. Compression zone arise at top part of Neutral axis and Tension zone arise at bottom part of neutral axis. Here in case of Reinforced concrete beam, steel plays a vital role to support especially in tension zone. Here we have conducted test on different specimen with different reinforcement at tension zone of concrete with different depths of beam specimen. In Case One - We have used equal reinforcement in both zones. In Case Two - Higher reinforcement in Tension zone and low reinforcement in compression zone. In Case Three – Reinforcement only in tension zone. Comparing all three cases we found that the strength achieved in case two Higher reinforcement in Tension zone and low reinforcement in compression zone. is nearly more than 90% as compare to case where We have used equal reinforcement in both zones.
Utilization of traditional bone settings and associated factors among residents of Dilla town, Gedeo zone, in southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Assefa Maritu , Kabthymer Robel Hussen , Bordie Moges Taddesse , Shaka Mohammed Feyisso , Solomon Abiy Berhanu , Nega Solomon , Dansa Amanuel , Tadesse Jarsso , Aweke Zemedu , Gedeno Kanbiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction: The traditional bone setting involves specialization in traditional medicine that passes from father to child; however, some nonfamily members receive training via apprenticeship. Despite serious health complications, the level and determinant factors have been poorly explored in Ethiopia, particularly in Dilla Town, Gedeo Zone, SNNPR, and Ethiopia.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the utilization of traditional bone settingsand associated factors in Dilla Town, 2019.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among residents of the town of Dilla with a history of sustained trauma. The data were subsequently entered into EPidata version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software. Descriptive findings are reported as frequencies and percentages, and logistic regression analysis was used to assess the factors associated with the utilization of traditional bone settling. Odds ratios with their corresponding 95% confidence limits were computed, and ap value < 0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant association.
Result-The study showed that the magnitude of traditional bone-setting utilization was 39.8%. Males were 4.95 times more likely to use traditional bone settings [AOR=4.95, 95% CI=2.28-10.71]. Respondents with no formal education were [AOR=23.87, 95% CI=12.34-46.17]; those residing more than 2 km away from the health facility were [AOR=4.39, 95% CI=2.32-8.33]; those who had no bleeding from the trauma site were [AOR=12.46, 95% CI= 5.86- 26.49]; and those with a monthly income of 1001-2000 were more likely to utilize traditional bone settings.
Conclusion-A significant number of residents used traditional bone settings, and educational attainment, distance from health facilities, and open injury significantly increased the likelihood of using traditional bone settings.
Enhancement of Salt Solubility in a Solid Blend Polymer Electrolyte by Gamma Irradiation: Effects on Ion Dynamics and Relaxation Properties
Authors: Patla Subir Kumar , Ray Ruma , Kandasami Asokan , Karmakar Sanat 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The blend of solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) has drawn tremendous attention due to its potential for applications in energy devices. In the present study, SPE was fabricated from a mixture of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymers at a 4:1 weight ratio with 0.02M KBr salt. Salt does not dissociate in this blend SPE. The poor ionic conductivity and low salt solubility in PVDF-rich blend SPE have been circumvented by irradiating a high-energy gamma irradiation dose from 0 to 150 kGy on the sample. In this study, we have systematically investigated the effect of gamma irradiation on salt aggregation and ion dynamics. Besides gamma irradiation, an ion beam (Oxygen Ion Beam O7+) was also used to irradiate and compared with the results obtained from gamma irradiation. Interestingly, dc conductivity shows oscillatory behaviour with a maximum at a 100 kGy irradiation dose. Ionic conductivity and relaxation behaviour of gamma-irradiated SPE have been investigated by impedance spectroscopy for a wide range of temperatures and frequencies. We use the equivalent circuit model to fit the Nyquist plot of different SPEs that gives the bulk resistance, constant phase element, and Warburg impedance of the SPEs. Models such as the Universal Power Law model (Almond and West model), the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) model, Havrilliak-Nigami (HN), and Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) were employed to explore ion dynamics from ac conductivity spectra and modulus spectra. The temperature-dependent dc conductivity and relaxation time followed the Arrhenius relation obtained from the above analysis. The activation energy of conduction ions for different gamma-irradiated SPEs was obtained from the temperature-dependent dc conductivity, hopping frequency, and relaxation times (HN and KWW). The ac conductivity and modulus spectra were scaled by a universal scaling relation, which confirms the superposition of the time-temperature principle and follows the common ion conduction mechanism in the SPEs at different temperatures.
Evaluating early EEG correlates of restricted and repetitive behaviors for toddlers with or without autism
Authors: Chung Haerin , Wilkinson Carol L. , Said Alex Job , Tager-Flusberg Helen , Nelson Charles A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB) are among the primary characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite the potential impact on later developmental outcomes, our understanding of the neural underpinnings of RRBs is limited. Alterations in EEG alpha activity have been observed in ASD and implicated in RRBs, however, developmental changes within the alpha band requires careful methodological considerations when studying its role in brain-behavior relationships during infancy and early childhood. Novel approaches now enable the parameterization of the power spectrum into periodic and aperiodic components. This study aimed to characterize the neural correlates of RRBs in infancy by (1) comparing infant resting-state measures (periodic alpha and aperiodic activity) between infants who develop ASD, elevated likelihood infants without ASD, and low likelihood infants without ASD, and (2) evaluate whether these infant EEG measures are associated with frequency of RRBs measured at 24 months.
Methods: Baseline non-task related EEG data were collected from 12-to-14-month-old infants with and without elevated likelihood of autism (N=160), and periodic alpha activity (periodic alpha power, individual peak alpha frequency and amplitude), and aperiodic activity measures (aperiodic exponent) were calculated. Parent-reported RRBs were obtained at 24 months using the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised questionnaire. Group differences in EEG measures were evaluated using ANCOVA, and multiple linear regressions were conducted to assess relationships between EEG and RRB measures.
Results: No group-level differences in infant EEG measures were observed. Marginal effects analysis of linear regressions revealed significant associations within the ASD group, such that higher periodic alpha power, lower peak alpha frequency, and lower aperiodic exponent, were associated with elevated RRBs at 24 months. No significant associations were observed for non-ASD outcome groups.
Limitations: The sample size for ASD (N=19) was modest for examining brain-behavior relations. Larger sample sizes are needed to increase statistical power.
Conclusion: For infants with later ASD diagnoses, measures of alpha and aperiodic activity measured at 1-year of age were associated with later manifestation of RRBs at 2-years. Longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate whether the early trajectory of these EEG measures and their dynamic relations in development influence manifestations of RRBs in ASD.
Effects of Plant Decomposition and Soil Respiration on CO2 in the Atmosphere via Global Temperature Changes
Authors: Nishioka Masaharu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A good correlation was found between the CO2 growth rate (ppm/year) and satellite-based global temperature, as shown in Figure 1 (see Introduction) in our recent paper. Then, the following equation was reasonably derived:
drco2/dt ≒ γ ΔT (rco2: CO2 concentration, γ: constant, ΔT: temperature change)
It was confirmed that the CO2 growth rate follows temperature changes with a time lag. This essential equation casts strong doubts that anthropogenic CO2 is the cause of global warming, although the concept of global warming due to anthropogenic CO2 has been proposed by the IPCC. Our previous papers suggested that temperature changes affect plant decomposition and soil respiration, followed by a change in CO2 generation. The higher the temperature is, the more CO2 is generated. In this paper, the effects of plant decomposition and soil respiration on CO2 in the atmosphere are further clarified for global temperature changes by reviewing related aspects and available datasets.
The results included (1) the carbon budget, (2) the comparison of exhaust gas and CO2 growth rates, (3) greenhouse gas compositions, (4) the solar energy budget, (5) changes in carbon isotopes, (6) latitude-related changes in CO2 and temperature, and (7) seasonal changes in exhaust gas compositions. Based on all these results, we concluded that changes in plant decomposition and soil respiration due to global temperatures control the global CO2 cycles. The impact of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion on global warming is extremely low.
First application of scintillator-based photon-counting computed tomography to rock samples: Preliminary results and prospects
Authors: Ishiguro Ayumi , Arimoto Makoto , Sato Daichi , Tomoda Takahiro , Itano Keita , Tamura Akihiro , Sugiyama Hironori , Kawae Takeshi , Fukuyama Mayuko , Kataoka Jun , Terazawa Shinsuke , Shiota Satoshi , Morishita Tomoaki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Knowledge of the three-dimensional distribution of minerals in a rock sample is of fundamental importance to deciphering a sample’s properties and history. Attenuation-contrast X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) is widely used in the geosciences to determine the three-dimensional distributions of minerals or pores, or both. Photon counting CT (PC-CT) uses a novel energy-resolved X-ray detector that allows X-rays with a continuous energy spectrum to be detected separately within arbitrary energy ranges. Here we report the first results of applying laboratory-build PC-CT combined with multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) to common minerals such as quartz and calcite. In the low-energy range, PC-CT produced higher contrast images than single-energy X-ray CT. Minerals were successfully identified from the relationships between the mean CT values for each energy window and the mean difference between pairs of energy windows. These results suggest that PC-CT can produce high-contrast images of minerals and may be able to distinguish mineral phases with different attenuation curves, even when their CT values are similar. We obtained CT images of minerals in a natural sedimentary rock sample, composed mainly of quartz and carbonate. Although the spatial resolution of the detector in this study was insufficient for the sample, the main carbonate veins were clearly visible as high carbonate-content areas in the PC-CT images. Given some prior knowledge of mineral phases from other methods, it may be possible to use PC-CT imaging to obtain further information about their chemical compositions.
Tourmaline chemical and boron isotopic constraints on the magmatic-hydrothermal transition and rare-metal mineralization in alkali granitic systems
Authors: Wu Huan-Huan , Huang He , Zhang Zhao-Chong , Yang Shui-Yuan , Gao Yong-Bao , Finch Adrian A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The magmatic-hydrothermal transition in granite-related, rare-metal metallogenic systems has received great attention as economic rare metal (including rare earth) minerals reach saturation and trigger mineralization at this stage. However, deciphering the details of the melt-fluid evolution process and the distribution behavior of rare metals remains difficult. Here, we applied tourmaline chemistry and B isotopes to unravel processes at the magmatic-hydrothermal transition that are responsible for rare-metal partitioning in the Huoshibulake (HS) and Tamu (TM) REE-Nb-mineralized intrusions in Southern Tianshan, SW Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Three types of tourmaline are identified in the plutons: (1) disseminated tourmaline in the granite, with a brown-yellow core (HS-DB) and blue-green rim (HS-DG); (2) orbicular tourmaline, with a brown-yellow core (HS-OB and TM-OB) and blue-green rim (HS-OG and TM-OG); and (3) vein tourmaline (HS-V and TM-V). Compositionally, all these tourmalines exhibit extremely low Ca and Mg contents and are classified as schorl. The substitution processes of major-element variations are dominantly caused by (Al,☐)(Fe,Na)−1 exchange vectors. Four generations of tourmaline crystallization are established based on the petrographic, compositional, and B isotopes evolution of the tourmaline. First, the HS-DB crystals crystallized from the highly evolved residual melt, and then HS-OB and TM-OB precipitated from immiscible B-rich aqueous melts during the magmatic-hydrothermal transition. Subsequently, the blue-green overgrowths (HS-DG, HS-OG, and TM-OG) crystallized from exsolved hydrothermal fluids. Finally, the formation of HS-V and TM-V resulted from another melt pulse from a deeper magma chamber. The magmatic tourmaline exhibits a narrow range of δ11B values between –12.6 to –10.0‰, while the hydrothermal tourmaline shows significantly heavier and variable δ11B values ranging from –10.2 to –4.9‰. The fractionation of B isotopes is reproduced by Rayleigh fractionation modeling. Lower Nb and Sn contents in the orbicular tourmaline relative to those precipitated from the residual melt, along with the lack of rare-metal minerals in the orbicules, indicate that B-rich melt/fluid exsolution does not necessarily contribute to the rare-metal mineralization. In comparison, the veins contain abundant rare-metal and REE minerals in close paragenesis with fluorite, and the vein tourmaline shows high-Nb and -Sn contents. These observations suggest that saturation of fluorite triggered the precipitation of rare metals, and fluorine played a critical role in rare metal concentration and mineralization. This study highlights the potential of tourmaline to trace the magmatic-hydrothermal transition and provide insights into rare-metal mineralization in the granitic systems.
3D-CFD analysis of bedload transport in channel bifurcations
Authors: Kostić Tino , Ren Yuanjie , Theobald Stephan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The aim of this research was to numerically reproduce bedload transport processes in channel bifurcations and thereby evaluate the methodology and feasibility of 3D-computational fluid dynamics (CFD) bedload transport simulations. This was carried out by numerically replicating two physical model investigations of channel bifurcations: research conducted by Bulle in 1926 and a large-scale channel bifurcation investigated at the Kassel University hydraulic laboratory. The numerical results were evaluated by comparing bedload distributions in the channel areas, formations of bedload depositions and development of bedload over time. The numerical simulations of Bulle's model were conducted for different boundary conditions, numerical parameters, sediment grain sizes, flow rates, flow distributions on the two channel branches and for longer running simulations. The investigations of the Kassel University bifurcation were carried out for different sediment types, which influences the numerical parameters, as well as for different flow distributions and channel width/depth ratios. Finally, structures for deflection of bedload into the straight channel were investigated. The results showed that bedload movement can be successfully simulated with 3D-CFD models, even in complex hydraulic conditions. Based on the obtained results, important indicators and recommendations for the application of 3D-CFD bedload transport simulations were acquired.
St. John Paul II’s Natural Law Legacy and International Human Rights Culture of Human Dignity – A Road to Universal Brotherhood and Peace
Authors: Figel Ján 
Published: January 2024

The text underscores the pivotal role of human dignity in shaping the notions justice, peace, and human rights in the 21st century. The author advocates a return to the core principles of key documents on this subject to counter the influence of various ideologies and totalitarian regimes. Highlighting secular and faith-based sources including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Vatican II Council Declaration, the text emphasizes human dignity as the meeting point for religious and secular humanists. It underscores the belief in the innate value of individuals and their equality in dignity, derived from the Judeo-Christian tradition. The three dimensions of Me, Thee, and We are explored, emphasizing personal uniqueness, respect for others, and societal responsibility. The text concludes by advocating for a culture of human dignity in politics, serving as the basis, purpose, and criterion for public policies, promoting equal dignity and fraternity for a just and unified society. The text discusses the historical evolution of the concept of human dignity in global constitutional history, highlighting its presence in contemporary constitutions and international declarations. It advocates the promotion of a culture of human dignity, encompassing gold and silver ethical principles. The conclusion emphasises the need for a renewed commitment to a culture of human dignity in line with the legacy of John Paul II.