bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing institutional sources of scholarly productivity in human resource development from 1995 to 2001
Authors: Chermack Thomas J. , Lynham Susan A. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis article is intended as a step in determining the highest procedures of scholarship in human resource

development. This analysis adds to the existing body of literature on excellent sources of HRD scholarship by

analyzing proceedings of the Academy of Human Resource Development conferences and reporting on the top

institutions according to the number of first‐author publications from each institution. In addition,

this article provides the most written‐about topics in HRD according to the number of papers published on

these topics in the AHRD conference symposia. The importance of this analysis is its contribution to identifying

criteria for determining outstanding sources of HRD scholarship.
Frequent inactivation of the p73 gene by abnormal methylation or LOH in non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas
Authors: Martinez‐Delgado Beatriz , Melendez Barbara , Cuadros Marta , Jose Garcia Maria , Nomdedeu Josep , Rivas Carmen , Fernandez‐Piqueras Jose , Benítez Javier 
Published: October 2002

Abstractp73 is a candidate tumor suppressor and imprinted gene that shares significant homology with the p53 gene. It is located on 1p36, a region frequently deleted in neuroblastoma and other tumors. To investigate the pattern of inactivation of this gene in human lymphomas, we studied 59 tumors to identify abnormal methylation in exon 1 and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at this locus. p73 was methylated in 13/50 (26%) B cell lymphomas. There was no evidence of p73 methylation in the 9 T cell lymphomas analyzed. Burkitt's lymphomas showed the highest proportion of methylated cases (36%), although this alteration also affected other aggressive lymphomas such as diffuse large cell and some marginal zone lymphomas. LOH at the p73 locus was detected in 4/34 (11%) B and 1/9 (11%) T cell lymphomas. The p73 expression analysis showed absence or low level of p73 product in methylated lymphomas, whereas p73 was always detected in unmethylated tumors. We found monoallelic expression in normal peripheral blood samples, consistent with imprinting. None of the tumors showed LOH and methylation of the remaining allele simultaneously, suggesting that alteration of the expressed allele could lead to the total inactivation of the gene. Our results show that deletion or methylation of the p73 gene could be important mechanisms in suppressing p73 expression in B cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myc protein is differentially sensitive to quinidine in tumor versus immortalized breast epithelial cell lines
Authors: Melkoumian Zaroui K. , Martirosyan Anna R. , Strobl Jeannine S. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractQuinidine regulates growth and differentiation in human breast tumor cells, but the immortalized mammary epithelial MCF‐10A cell line is insensitive to quinidine. We found that a morphologically similar differentiation response was evoked by quinidine and c‐myc antisense oligonucleotides in MCF‐7 cells and this prompted us to investigate the actions of quinidine on c‐myc gene expression. Myc protein levels were suppressed in human breast tumor cell lines, but not in MCF‐10A cells, an observation that supports the hypothesis that suppression of c‐myc gene expression is involved in the preferential growth and differentiation response of breast tumor cells to quinidine. Quinidine reduced c‐myc mRNA levels in MCF‐7 cells. Acute induction of c‐myc mRNA by estradiol, as well as the c‐myc response to sub‐cultivation in fresh serum and H‐ras driven elevations in c‐myc mRNA were depressed by 50–60% in the presence of quinidine. Quinidine decreased c‐myc promoter activity in MCF‐7 cells in a transient reporter gene assay and a 168 bp region of human c‐myc promoter (−100 to +68 with respect to the P1 promoter) was sufficient to confer responsiveness to quinidine. Quinidine is a potential lead compound for developing pharmacological agents to regulate Myc. In addition, the study of quinidine‐regulated events is a promising approach to unravel differentiation control pathways that become disrupted in breast cancer. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of combined quercetin and coenzyme Q10 treatment on oxidative stress in normal and diabetic rats
Authors: Coldiron Allan D. , Sanders Ruth A. , Watkins John B. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractReactive oxygen species may be actively involved in the genesis of various pathological states such as ischemia‐reperfusion injury, cancer, and diabetes. Our objective was to determine if subacute treatment with combined antioxidants quercetin and coenzyme Q10 (10 mg/kg/day ip for 14 days) affects the activities of antioxidant enzymes in normal and 30‐day streptozotocin‐induced diabetic Sprague‐Dawley rats. Quercetin treatment raised blood glucose concentrations in normal and diabetic rats, whereas treatment with coenzyme Q10 did not. Liver, kidney, heart, and brain tissues were excised and the activities of catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and concentrations of oxidized and reduced glutathione were determined. In the liver of diabetic rats, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and levels of both oxidized and reduced glutathione were significantly decreased from the nondiabetic control, and these effects were not reversed when antioxidants were administered. In kidney, glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly elevated in the diabetic rats as compared to nondiabetic rats, and antioxidant treatment did not return the enzyme activity to nondiabetic levels. In heart, catalase activity was increased in diabetic animals and restored to normal levels after combined treatment with quercetin and coenzyme Q10. Cardiac superoxide dismutase was lower than normal in quercetin‐ and quercetin + coenzyme Q10‐treated diabetic rats. There were no adverse effects on oxidative stress markers after treatment with quercetin or coenzyme Q10 singly or in combination. In spite of the elevation of glucose, quercetin may be effective in reversing some effects of diabetes, but the combination of quercetin + coenzyme Q10 did not increase effectiveness in reversing effects of diabetes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 16:197–202, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.10035
Effects of β‐carotene on oxidative stress in normal and diabetic rats
Authors: Maritim Alice , Dene Barbara A. , Sanders Ruth A. , Watkins John B. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIncreasing interest in the role of oxidative stress and β‐carotene in disease and prevention led us to examine the results of β‐carotene's administration in diabetic rats, a model for high‐oxidative stress. In this experiment, amounts of lipid peroxidation, glutathione, and glutathione disulfide, and activity levels of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase were measured in the liver, kidney, and heart of Sprague‐Dawley rats with streptozotocin‐induced diabetes, and after treatment with 10 mg/kg/day of β‐carotene for 14 days. β‐Carotene treatment resulted in the reversal of the diabetes‐induced increase in hepatic and cardiac catalase activity, the decreased levels of glutathione disulfide in the heart, and the increased cardiac and renal levels of lipid peroxidation. Treatment with β‐carotene exacerbated the increased glutathione peroxidase activity in the heart and the decreased catalase activity in the kidneys. In contrast to reduced hepatic glutathione levels in untreated diabetic rats, β‐carotene treatment increased glutathione levels in diabetic rats. Increased hepatic γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase activity in diabetic rats was not reduced by treatment. Thus, β‐carotene therapy for 14 days prevented/reversed some, but not all, diabetes‐induced changes in oxidative stress parameters. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 16:203–208, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.10038
Does the SEC think we're close to globalized accounting?
Authors: Rouse Robert W. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractMany have long argued that a common, global‐wide set of accounting principles would encourage

cross‐border offerings. We'd have easier access to foreign financial markets—and vice versa.

The SEC seems to agree. But how much progress have we made, from the SEC's point of view?

© 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ensuring the benefits of requiring supplier capability analysis
Authors: Weinstein Larry , Bukovinsky David , Shaffer Tom 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe assumed trade‐off between cost and quality often brings CFOs, controllers, and management accountants

into the process of selecting and certifying suppliers. After all, high‐quality products cannot be produced

from poor‐quality components. Capability analysis can be an effective tool for monitoring a supplier's

ability to meet its quality requirements. Therefore, accountants should help ensure three things: that a

supplier's process is capable, that the supplier uses a valid sampling plan, and that the process is stable

and predictable. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanism of down‐regulation of L‐type Ca2+ channel in the proliferating smooth muscle cells of rat aorta
Authors: Ihara Eikichi , Hirano Katsuya , Hirano Mayumi , Nishimura Junji , Nawata Hajime , Kanaide Hideo 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe mechanism of down‐regulation of L‐type Ca2+ channel (L‐VOC) was investigated in rat aortic smooth muscle cells in primary culture. On culture days 3–5, the cells actively incorporated the 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxy‐uridine (BrdU), and did not respond to K+ depolarization nor express α1C subunit of L‐VOC. At confluence on day 8, BrdU incorporation decreased, and the cells up‐regulated α1C subunit mRNA, expressed α1C subunit protein at cell periphery, and responded to K+ depolarization. Treating the proliferating cells on day 3 with serum‐free media or 10 μM PD98059, a MAP kinase kinase inhibitor, for 2 days induced the expression of α1C subunit protein and the responsiveness to K+ depolarization. However, the serum starvation, but not PD98059, decreased the BrdU incorporation and increased the α1C subunit mRNA. It is concluded that the expression of L‐VOC is substantially suppressed in the proliferating cells due to two mechanisms; a MAP kinase‐mediated post‐transcriptional down‐regulation and the transcriptional down‐regulation by additional mitogenic signals. J. Cell. Biochem. 87: 242–251, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Completing Latin squares: Critical sets
Authors: Horak P. , Aldred R. E. L. , Fleischner H. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIt is shown that a critical set in a Latin square of order n≥8 has to have at least $\left \lfloor {4n-8}\over {3}\right\rfloor$ elements. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 10: 419–432, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10028
Hepatitis E antibody profiles in serum and urine
Authors: Joshi M.S. , Walimbe A.M. , Arankalle V.A. , Chadha M.S. , Chitambar S.D. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate anti‐HEV antibody profiles in urine specimens in comparison to corresponding serum samples to assess the utility of urine as a clinical specimen. Paired serum and urine specimens from 71 hepatitis E patients, 33 non‐E hepatitis patients, 63 patients with nonhepatic diseases, and 26 healthy individuals were tested by recombinant HEV protein (55 kD)‐based indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Uronegativity for anti‐HEV IgM was noted in 71 (100%) serologically confirmed patients with hepatitis E. Hepatitis E patients (10/10) showed urinary absence or very low levels of total IgM by capture ELISA, suggesting absence or low levels of filtration, and/or local synthesis, and/or transudation of IgM in urine during infection. When these patients were tested for total IgG and IgA, microquantities of immunoglobulins were noted in all urine samples (10/10 for each). However, the proportions of uropositivity for anti‐HEV IgG and IgA in hepatitis E patients were low and indicated only 21.42% and 49.33% concordance with seropositivity, respectively. Control groups also showed low and variable uropositivity for anti‐HEV IgG and IgA. Overall, HEV‐specific antibodies exhibited by serum in recent and past infections were not found in urine. The study demonstrated the inadequacy of urine specimens for detection of hepatitis E antibodies. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:137–142, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Employing racemic precursors in directed biosynthesis of 6‐dEB analogs
Authors: Leaf Timothy , Burlingame Mark , Desai Ruchir , Regentin Rika , Woo Elaine , Ashley Gary , Licari Peter 
Published: October 2002

AbstractSubstitution of racemic diketide thioesters for optically pure compounds in precursor‐fed fermentations was investigated. These substrates were shown to be as effective as optically pure materials in diketide‐fed fermentation processes for producing analogs of 6‐deoxyerythronolide B. However, since half of the racemic mixture is not utilizable for polyketide biosynthesis, higher total levels of diketide are required. Toxicity to cells was evident at high diketide concentrations. In fermenters, exhaust gas analysis was used to indicate the optimal time for diketide addition. While both enantiomers were shown to disappear from cultures at similar rates, the presence of unincorporated enantiomer had minimal effect on polyketide production within a range of feed concentrations. Use of racemic diketide thioesters was successful and dramatically reduced the cost of the fermentation process.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of an aerobic selector on copper and hexavalent chromium biosorption by activated sludge
Authors: Alkan Ufuk , Cindoruk Sıddık , Taşdemir Yücel , Colby Christopher 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe influence of an aerobic selector on biosorption of Cu and Cr(VI) by activated sludge was studied. In‐vitro batch adsorption tests were performed using sludge harvested from bench‐scale activated sludge systems. Metal biosorption by activated sludge was rapid with equilibrium usually reached within an hour. Adsorption behaviour closely followed a Freundlich isotherm model. Experimental data suggested that an aerobic selector increased the biosorption of the metal ions by activated sludge, confirming observations by others in a similar study but with different heavy metals. Freundlich isotherms indicated that the biosorption capacity of activated sludge was increased by 15% for Cu and 30% for Cr(VI). Activated sludge from both systems had a greater biosorption capacity for Cu than for Cr(VI). The effects of pH and sludge concentration were also investigated. The results indicate that these parameters may influence the biosorption characteristics of activated sludge.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Morphological alterations induced by loud noise in the myocardium: The role of benzodiazepine receptors
Authors: Gesi Marco , Fornai Francesco , Lenzi Paola , Ferrucci Michela , Soldani Paola , Ruffoli Riccardo , Paparelli Antonio 
Published: October 2002

AbstractNoise represents an environmental stress factor affecting several organs and apparati, including the cardiovascular system. In experimental animals undergoing noise exposure, subcellular myocardial changes have been reported, especially at mitochondrial level; in particular, after 6 hours of exposure only the atrium exhibited significant mitochondrial alterations, whereas after 12 hours as well as subchronic exposure both atrium and ventricle were damaged. The first part of the present article overviews the experimental evidence on effects of noise on the myocardium. In the second part, the review analyzes the role of benzodiazepine receptors and the potential efficacy of benzodiazepine ligands in preventing the mitochondrial damage induced by noise exposure. Drugs acting at both central and peripheral benzodiazepine receptors significantly prevent this damage. Differences in the amount and the duration of the protective effect might depend on variability in the potency and pharmacokinetics of the specific drug. The effects of the combined treatment with selective and non‐selective peripheral benzodiazepine ligands on noise stimulation are discussed at biochemical level reviewing studies on the effects of noise exposure on mitochondrial fractions. Microsc. Res. Tech. 59:136–146, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Total relative displacement of vertex permutations of K
Authors: Reid K. B. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractLet α denote a permutation of the n vertices of a connected graph G. Define δα(G) to be the number $\sum |d(x,y)-d(\alpha (x),\alpha(y))|$, where the sum is over all the $\left({n \atop 2} \right)$ unordered pairs of distinct vertices of G. The number δα(G) is called the total relative displacement of α (in G). So, permutation α is an automorphism of G if and only if δα(G) = 0. Let π(G) denote the smallest positive value of δα(G) among the n! permutations α of the vertices of G. A permutation α for which π(G) = δα(G) has been called a near‐automorphism of G [2]. We determine π(K) and describe permutations α of K for which π(K) = δα(K). This is done by transforming the problem into the combinatorial optimization problem of maximizing the sums of the squares of the entries in certain t by t matrices with non–negative integer entries in which the sum of the entries in the ith row and the sum of the entries in the ith column each equal to ni,1≤i≤t. We prove that for positive integers, n1≤n2≤…≤nt, where t≥2 and nt≥2,

where k0 is the smallest index for which n = n+1. As a special case, we correct the value of π(Km,n), for all m and n at least 2, given by Chartrand, Gavlas, and VanderJagt [2]. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 41: 85–100, 2002
Gas‐phase reactivity of the OP(OCH3)2+ phosphonium ion with aliphatic esters in a quadrupole ion trap. Spontaneous elimination of ketenes
Authors: Leclerc Eric , Taphanel Marie‐Hélène , Morizur Jean‐Pierre 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIon–molecule reactions between the OP(OCH3)2+ phosphonium ions and five aliphatic esters (methyl acetate, methyl propionate, methyl 2‐methylpropionate, methyl butyrate and ethyl acetate) were performed in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. The OP(OCH3)2+ phosphonium ions, formed by electron ionization from neutral trimethyl phosphite, were found to react with aliphatic esters to give an adduct ion [RR′CHCOOR″, OP(OCH3)2]+, which loses spontaneously a molecule of ketene CH2CO or substituted ketenes RR′CCO. Isotope‐labeled methyl acetate was used to elucidate fragmentation mechanisms. The potential energy surface obtained from B3LYP/6–31G(d,p) calculations for the reaction between OP(OCH3)2+ and methyl acetate is described. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunization with a cannabinoid receptor type 1 peptide results in experimental allergic meningocerebellitis in the Lewis rat: A model for cell‐mediated autoimmune neuropathology
Authors: Proescholdt Margit G. , Quigley Laura , Martin Roland , Herkenham Miles 
Published: October 2002

AbstractNeuronal elements are increasingly suggested as primary targets of an autoimmune attack in certain neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1) were selected as autoimmune targets because they are predominantly expressed on neuronal surfaces in brain and display strikingly high protein levels in striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Female Lewis rats were immunized with N‐terminally acetylated peptides (50 or 400 μg per rat) of the extracellular domains of the rat CB1 and killed at various time points. Subsequent evaluation using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed dense infiltration of immune cells exclusively within the cerebellum, peaking 12–16 days after immunization with the CB1 peptide containing amino acids 9–25. The infiltrates clustered in meninges and perivascular locations in molecular and granular cell layers and were also scattered throughout the CB1‐rich neuropil. They consisted primarily of CD4+ and ED1+ cells, suggestive of cell‐mediated autoimmune pathology. There were no inflammatory infiltrates elsewhere in the brain or spinal cord. The results show that neuronal elements, such as neuronal cell‐surface receptors, may be recognized as antigenic targets in a cell‐mediated autoimmune attack and, therefore, support the hypothesis of cell‐mediated antineuronal autoimmune pathology in certain brain disorders. Published 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low‐wavenumber lattice vibrations and dynamics of 4,4′‐dibromobenzophenone
Authors: Volovšek V. , Kirin D. , Bistričič L. , Baranović G. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe low‐wavenumber (10–200 cm−1) polarized Raman spectra of 4,4′‐dibromobenzophenone single crystal at different temperatures (10–295 K) and far‐infrared spectra (20–200 cm−1) of powdered samples at room temperature were recorded. The assignment of the lattice vibrations based on the lattice dynamics calculation at k = 0, which takes into account the seven lowest intramolecular modes, is presented. The unusual temperature behavior of some bands was explained by dephasing relaxation processes. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In‐depth analyses by confocal Raman microspectrometry: experimental features and modeling of the refraction effects
Authors: Bruneel J. L. , Lassègues J. C. , Sourisseau C. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIn‐depth confocal Raman microspectrometry (CRM) studies through a planar interface between materials of mismatched refraction indices are known to be affected by a decrease in both collected Raman intensity and axial resolution as a function of focal depth. A complete treatment of these phenomena would require diffraction and refraction effects to be taken into account. Baldwin and Batchelder have recently modeled the refraction effects by considering the influence of the dimensions of the confocal pinhole aperture on the collection efficiency. Their theoretical predictions are compared here with experimental results obtained for a standard 200 µm thick polyethylene (PE) sample. It is shown that the decrease in Raman intensity as a function of focal depth is weaker than predicted, suggesting that off‐axis refraction effects cannot be neglected. We therefore propose a simple two‐parameter relation which reproduces the observed Raman intensities down to 150–200 µm focal depths. Other in‐depth experiments on various test samples, a silicon wafer buried in Nujol oil, PE films of different thicknesses and a polycarbonate slab, were then performed in order to show how the Raman intensity decrease, the radial resolution and the axial interfacial broadening can be directly estimated as a function of the focal depth position. Also, CRM experiments were carried out on a four‐layer polymer laminate in order to find the best optical conditions. ‘Edge’ analyses remain the most efficient way to investigate polymer interfaces but, when in‐depth analyses are needed, we tried to evaluate to what extent interfacial broadenings impede the investigation of interpenetration effects at buried interfaces. It is demonstrated that the refraction effects sharpen the interfacial broadenings and the apparent axial resolution does not drastically deteriorate with increasing depth. Indeed, when focused 120 µm deep into a non‐absorbing sample, the interface is found to be broadened by a factor of only 7.5 or 3.7 using a 100× or a 50× objective lens; the axial resolution then takes a reasonable value of about 13 µm. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.