bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical functioning in end‐stage renal disease patients: Update 2005
Authors: Painter Patricia 
Published: July 2005

AbstractPhysical functioning in patients with end‐stage renal disease treated with dialysis is low, whether measured using objective laboratory measures, physical performance testing, or self‐reported measures. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), self‐reported functioning measures, and physical activity levels are independent predictors of mortality in these patients. Cardiovascular exercise training studies result in improvements in VO2peak, physical performance tests, and self‐reported functioning. Resistance exercise training improves muscle strength. Exercise training may have positive benefits on other factors that are important clinical issues in dialysis patients, including cardiovascular risk profile, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Endothelial function, a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis, has been shown to improve with exercise training in dialysis patients. Although there have been numerous recent studies on benefits of exercise, few dialysis clinics or nephrologists provide encouragement or programs as a part of their routine care of their patients. There are many national guidelines that include exercise or increasing physical activity as a part of the treatment of many conditions that are relevant in dialysis patients, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and high cardiovascular disease risk. The nephrology community continues to state concern for outcomes; however, a simple, low‐tech intervention that has many benefits to their patients (i.e., encouragement, recommendations, and opportunity for increasing physical activity) has not been adopted as part of the standard care. Adoption of routine counseling and encouragement for physical activity has the potential to improve outcomes, improve physical functioning, and optimize quality of life and overall health of dialysis patients.
Right atrial thrombus in an asymptomatic hemodialysis patient with malfunctioning catheter and patent foramen ovale
Authors: Van Laecke S. , Dhondt A. , De Sutter J. , Vanholder R. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe creation of an accurate functioning arteriovenous fistula has been a long‐lasting problem in the hemodialysis setting. In spite of recent guidelines and largely because of the old age of the current dialysis population and a high incidence of diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and related vascular problems, it is not always possible to create an adequate fistula. In that case, long‐term tunneled indwelling central vein catheters are a frequently used alternative. Of the many possible complications related to venous access in hemodialysis patients, catheter dysfunction is the most prevalent. We report a 23‐year‐old female hemodialysis patient in whom such malfunctioning was followed by echocardiography that revealed a large right atrial thrombus (RAT) in close contact to the tip of a long‐term indwelling catheter in the presence of a patent foramen ovale. Although RAT is a rare complication in hemodialysis patients, it has very specific therapeutic implications. The present patient underwent a successful surgical atrial thrombectomy. Our experience underscores that in cases of malfunctioning catheter, echocardiographic screening is mandatory.
Increased dialyzer reuse with citrate dialysate
Authors: Ahmad Suhail , Callan Robin , Cole James , Blagg Christopher 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDialyzer reuse is limited by the clotting of blood, which blocks the fibers and reduces the membrane surface area. Clotting during treatment may also reduce dialysis efficiency and potentially decrease delivered dose, Kt/Vurea. A new dialysate containing citric acid, instead of the standard acetic acid, as the acidifying agent has become available and is associated with reduced clotting during acute dialysis treatments. The effect of citric acid dialysate on dialyzer reuse was evaluated in this prospective, controlled, multicenter study involving maintenance hemodialysis patients. A total of 105 patients from five dialysis units were switched to the new dialysate and new dialyzers. Reuse outcome on the new dialysate was compared with the reuse on the regular acetic acid containing bicarbonate dialysate (controls). The overall reuse with citrate dialysate increased significantly from 15.1 ± 9.4 to 18 ± 10.0 (mean ± SD) on regular and citrate dialysate, respectively (p = 0.0003). The most significant increase was seen in those patients who had limited reuse before the switch to citrate dialysate; 51, 59, and 134% increases occurred in those with 10 to 15, 5 to 10, and < 5 reuses at controls, respectively. Interestingly, the 10 patients with 10 or fewer reuses had significantly lower Kt/Vurea at baseline (before the switch to citric acid dialysate) than those with > 10 reuses (1.23 ± 0.23 vs. 1.47 ± 0.23, respectively, p = 0.009). The Kt/Vurea increased to 1.41 ± 0.31 after the switch in the low‐reuse group but the increase did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.07). The results from this study show that citric acid–containing dialysate is associated with increase in dialyzer reuse and appears to be related to reduced clotting.
Patient preferences for in‐center intense hemodialysis
Authors: Ramkumar Nirupama , Beddhu Srinivasan , Eggers Paul , Pappas Lisa M. , Cheung Alfred K. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThere is a lack of data on patient preferences for intense hemodialysis (IHD). In this study, we conducted a cross‐sectional survey to identify patient preferences and patient‐centered barriers for IHD. A questionnaire on preferences and anticipated barriers, anticipated benefits, and quality of life for three in‐center IHD schedules (daytime 2 hr six times/week [DHD], nocturnal 8 hr three times/week [ND3], and nocturnal 8 hr six times/week [ND6]) was administered to 100 chronic hemodialysis patients. A majority of patients (68%) were willing to undergo DHD for symptomatic benefits or increase in survival. An increase in energy level (94%) and improvement in sleep (57%) were the most common potential benefits that would justify DHD, but only 19% would undergo DHD for an increase in survival of ≤3 years. Only 20% and 7% would consider ND3 and ND6, respectively. The most common reported barriers were inadequate time for self (50%) and family (53%), followed by transportation difficulties (53%). Most patients would undergo DHD for symptomatic or survival benefits, but not ND3 or ND6. Disruption of personal time, however, is an important consideration. Success of DHD program would depend on arrangements for transportation to dialysis unit.
A matched comparison of serum lipids between hemodialysis patients and nondialysis morbid controls
Authors: Kalantar‐Zadeh Kamyar , Kilpatrick Ryan D. , Kopple Joel D. , Stringer William W. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe high incidence of cardiac and vascular disease in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients has heightened interest in many investigations concerning the serum lipid levels of these patients. The prevalence and laboratory characteristics of serum lipid concentrations in MHD patients, however, are far from clear. We hypothesized that serum lipids are significantly lower in MHD patients compared to their matched nondialysis counterparts. We compared 2‐year averaged serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), high‐density lipoproteins (HDL), and triglycerides in 285 MHD patients to the same averaged measurements during the same period of time in 285 nondialyzed outpatients from the same geographic area, whose lipid panels were measured in the same laboratory. Matching factors were sex, race and/or ethnicity, diabetes mellitus, and age (± 5 years). The MHD patients and their matched controls were 55.6 ± 13.5 (SD) and 56.3 ± 13.0 years old, respectively. Each group contained 51% women, 31% African Americans, 52% Hispanics, and 37% diabetics; 16% of MHD patients and 38% of controls were receiving statins. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in MHD patients than in controls (26.2 vs. 31.5 kg/m2; p < 0.001). Serum cholesterol levels were significantly lower in MHD patients than in control subjects including after adjustment for BMI and statin use (TC, −51; LDL, −39; and HDL, −10 mg/dL; p < 0.001). Using conditional logistic regression for matched data and after controlling for BMI and statins, all odds ratios for predetermined hypercholesterolemic, but not hypertriglyceridemic, levels were significantly and substantially lower than 1.00, indicating much lower likelihood of hypercholesterolemia in MHD patients. Total and LDL hypercholesterolemia, although very common in nondialysis ambulatory outpatients, are substantially less prevalent in the MHD population, whereas hypertriglyceridemia is approximately equally prevalent between these populations.
Hyperglycemia with Occipital Seizures: Images and Visual Evoked Potentials
Authors: Wang Chung‐Pang , Hsieh Peiyuan F. , Chen Clayton Chi‐Chang , Lin Wan‐Yu , Hu Wei‐Hsiung , Yang Dar‐Yu , Chang Ming‐Hong 
Published: June 2005

Summary:  Purpose: Hyperglycemia may rarely be seen with visual seizures. Observation of both visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in visual status epilepticus (SE) has not been reported. We describe acute and follow‐up VEP and MRI findings of a patient with hyperglycemia‐related visual SE of occipital origin. Methods: In a 59‐year‐old diabetic woman, complex visual hallucinations and illusions developed with ≤10 seizures per hour as an initial manifestation of nonketotic hyperglycemia. Results: Neurologic examination revealed ictal nystagmus to the right and continuous right hemianopsia. Ictal electroencephalography (EEG) and Tc‐99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealed an epileptogenic focus in the left occipital lobe. MRI with fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery showed focal subcortical hypointensity and gyral hyperintensity. Follow‐up MRI showed only minimal gyral hyperintensity at 6 months. The P100 amplitude of VEP was significantly higher at the right occipital area during SE, but slightly higher on the left after the patient had been seizure free for 6 months. Conclusions: Occipital seizures and hemianopsia can be caused by hyperglycemia and may be accompanied by special MRI and VEP findings.
Personality measures in former heroin users receiving methadone or in protracted abstinence from opiates
Authors: Cohen L. J. , Gertmenian‐King E. , Kunik L. , Weaver C. , London E. D. , Galynker I. 
Published: July 2005

Objective:  Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) and detoxification to abstinence are among the most common treatment options for opiate‐dependent patients. This paper compares personality traits in detoxified former heroin users and those on MMT in order to assess their relevance to treatment selection.Method:  Twenty‐six formerly heroin‐dependent subjects receiving MMT (MM), 33 formerly heroin‐dependent subjects withdrawn from MMT (MW), and 43 healthy controls were compared on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory‐II (MCMI‐II) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI).Results:  On the TCI, MM patients had higher novelty seeking and lower self‐directedness scores than controls. Both MM and MW subjects scored higher than controls on multiple MCMI‐II scales. MW but not MM subjects scored higher than controls on two Cluster A Scales and the delusional disorder scale.Conclusion:  Schizophrenia‐spectrum pathology in former opiate users may be greater than previously recognized and could potentially be relevant to treatment selection.
The impact of substance use disorders on clinical outcome in 643 patients with first‐episode psychosis
Authors: Lambert M. , Conus P. , Lubman D. I. , Wade D. , Yuen H. , Moritz S. , Naber D. , McGorry P. D. , Schimmelmann B. G. 
Published: July 2005

Objective:  Studies investigating the impact of comorbid substance use disorders (SUD) in psychosis have tended to focus on cross‐sectional data, with few studies examining the effects of substance use course on clinical outcome. The main aim of the present study was to assess the impact of baseline SUD and course of SUD on remission of positive symptoms.Method:  The Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre admitted 786 first‐episode psychosis (FEP) patients between 1998 and 2000. Data on SUD and clinical outcome were collected from patients’ medical records (MR) of 643 patients who met inclusion criteria.Results:  Lifetime prevalence of SUD was 74%, with 62% having a SUD at baseline. This reduced to 36% in those patients who completed 18 months of treatment at the EPPIC program. A Cox regression analysis indicated that a decrease or cessation of substance use significantly increased the probability of remission, whilst persistent SUD substantially reduced the likelihood. In addition, patients who reduced use appeared to have better outcomes at 18 months than those patients who had never used substances. Baseline SUD was not found to have any significant influence on symptom remission.Conclusion:  Patients presenting with FEP have high rates of SUD. Effective management of psychosis within a specialized service is associated with reductions in SUD over the course of treatment, although persistent substance use is associated with non‐compliance, treatment drop‐out and poor remission rates. As such, young people with FEP and comorbid substance use should be offered integrated treatment that addresses both disorders.
Full‐mouth ultrasonic debridement versus quadrant scaling and root planing as an initial approach in the treatment of chronic periodontitis
Authors: Wennström Jan L. , Tomasi Cristiano , Bertelle Alberto , Dellasega Ester 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAim: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of (i) a single session of “full‐mouth ultrasonic debridement” (Fm‐UD) as an initial periodontal treatment approach and (ii) re‐instrumentation of periodontal pockets not properly responding to initial subgingival instrumentation.Methods: Forty‐one patients, having on the average 35 periodontal sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) 5 mm, were randomly assigned to two different treatment protocols following stratification for smoking : a single session of full‐mouth subgingival instrumentation using a piezoceramic ultrasonic device (EMS PiezonMaster 400, A+PerioSlim tips) with water coolant (Fm‐UD) or quadrant scaling/root planing (Q‐SRP) with hand instruments . At 3 months, all sites with remaining PPD5 mm were subjected to repeated debridement with either the ultrasonic device or hand instruments. Plaque, PPD, relative attachment level (RAL) and bleeding following pocket probing (BoP) were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Primary efficacy variables were percentage of “closed pockets” (PPD4 mm), and changes in BoP, PPD and RAL.Results: The percentage of “closed pockets” was 58% at 3 months for the Fm‐UD approach and 66% for the Q‐SRP approach (p>0.05). Both treatment groups showed a mean reduction in PPD of 1.8 mm, while the mean RAL gain amounted to 1.3 mm for Fm‐UD and 1.2 mm for Q‐SRP (p>0.05). The re‐treatment at 3 months resulted in a further mean PPD reduction of 0.4 mm and RAL gain of 0.3 mm at 6 months, independent of the use of ultrasonic or hand instruments. The efficiency of the initial treatment phase (time used for instrumentation/number of pockets closed) was significantly higher for the Fm‐UD than the Q‐SRP approach: 3.3 versus 8.8 min. per closed pocket (p<0.01). The efficiency of the re‐treatment session at 3 months was 11.5 min. for ultrasonic and 12.6 min. for hand instrumentation (p>0.05).Conclusion: The results demonstrated that a single session of Fm‐UD is a justified initial treatment approach that offers tangible benefits for the chronic periodontitis patient.
Gingival crevicular fluid EMAP‐II, MIP‐1α and MIP‐1β levels of patients with periodontal disease
Authors: Emingil Gülnur , Atilla Gül , Başkesen Aykut , Berdeli Afig 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBackground: Periodontal diseases may differ, which could be attributed to the factors that might modify the host response to microbial pathogens. The aim of this study was to examine gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of EMAP‐II, MIP‐1α and MIP‐1β in patients with different periodontal diseases (EMAP‐II, endothelial‐monocyte activating polypeptide; MIP‐1α, macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α; MIP‐1β, macrophage inflammatory protein‐1β).Methods: Eighty‐two subjects were included in this study. GCF samples were collected from 26 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G‐AgP), 26 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 15 with gingivitis and 15 periodontally healthy subjects. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. GCF EMAP‐II, MIP‐1α and MIP‐1β levels were quantified by enzyme immunoassay.Results: GCF EMAP‐II levels of G‐AgP group were higher than those of gingivitis and healthy groups (p<0.008). G‐AgP group showed a trend for higher GCF EMAP‐II levels compared with CP group (p>0.008). G‐AgP, CP, gingivitis and healthy groups had comparable GCF MIP‐1α and MIP‐1β levels.Conclusions: Our results suggest that elevated GCF EMAP‐II could contribute to the pathogenesis of G‐AgP. Alternatively, EMAP‐II reflects the extent of the inflammatory activity in the periodontal tissues. At this point, MIP‐1α and MIP‐1β levels in GCF do not seem to play a discriminatory role in periodontitis. Our data document for the first time the essential role of EMAP‐II in the pathogenesis of different periodontal diseases.
Association between periodontitis and low birth weight: a case–control study
Authors: Martins Moliterno Luiz Flávio , Monteiro Bruno , Da Silva Figueredo Carlos Marcelo , Fischer Ricardo Guimarães 
Published: June 2005

AbstractObjective: To verify a possible association between periodontitis and low‐birth‐weight babies.Material and Methods: One hundred and fifty‐one mothers were examined. The case group included 76 mothers (mean age 25.6 years), whose babies at birth weighed <2500 g and had a gestational age (GA) <37 weeks, while 75 mothers (mean age 24.4 years), whose babies were born with a weight of >2500 g and with a GA>37 weeks, were the control group. Data from the mothers and the babies were collected from the Hospital registration records and during an interview with the mother. The periodontal examination included measurements of probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) in six sites from all existing teeth, except for third molars. Mothers with periodontitis had at least four sites with PPD4 and CAL3 mm, while healthy mothers had PPD3 mm and CAL1 mm.Results: The median number of sites with PPD4 and CAL3 mm was eight in the case group, and four in the control group. The significant associations with low birth weight (LBW) babies were periodontitis (odds ratio (OR)=3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17; 10.36), arterial hypertension (OR=9.65, 95% CI: 2.22; 41.91), haemorrhage during pregnancy (OR=10.88, 95% CI: 1.95; 60.53), number of pre‐natal examinations (OR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.02; 0.43) and genitourinary infection (OR=3.21, 95% CI: 1.25; 8.20).Conclusion: Periodontitis was considered a risk indicator for LBW in this sample, similar to other risk factors already recognized by obstetricians.
Erdheim–Chester disease in a child presenting with multiple jaw lesions
Authors: Nagatsuka Hitoshi , Han Phuu Pwint , Taguchi Koji , Tsujigiwa Hidetsugu , Gunduz Mehmet , Fukunaga Joji , Sugahara Toshio , Asaumi Junichi , Nagai Noriyuki 
Published: July 2005

Background:  Erdheim–Chester disease is a rare histiocytic disease entity related to juvenile xanthogranuloma. It is a systemic condition, usually occurs in adult, characterized by infiltration of foamy histiocytes within the bone and soft tissues.Methods and results:  We report a case of 13‐year‐old female patient who first presented with multiple osteolytic lesions of the jaws followed by bilateral symmetrical bone lesions affecting the lower extremities, as well as brain and abdominal involvement. Histological findings of the jaw lesions showed lipid‐storing CD68 (+), CD1a (−) histiocytes with Touton type giant cells.Conclusion:  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of Erdheim–Chester disease with jaw bone lesions occurring as initial presenting symptom.
Clinico‐pathologic correlations of myofibroblastic tumors of the oral cavity: 1. nodular fasciitis
Authors: Dayan Dan , Nasrallah Varda , Vered Marilena 
Published: July 2005

Background:  Nodular fasciitis (NF), a soft tissue lesion mainly composed of myofibroblastic cells, is well documented in various body locations however, in the oral cavity it is rare. The NF has non‐specific histologic characteristics that might result in misdiagnosis and mistreatment. The aim of the study was to analyze clinico‐pathologic correlations of NF occurring in the oral cavity.Methods:  A total of 36 cases of oral NF were analyzed including review of the English language literature and five new cases from our files.Results:  Oral mucosa NF was found to peak in the fourth and fifth decades, which is a decade later than NF occurring in other sites of the body. The most common locations were the buccal mucosa (52.8%) and the lips (16.7%). Duration of lesions ranged from 3 days to 2 years, with approximately 61% being present for more than a month, which is longer than the duration of NF from other body locations. Histologically, oral NF showed varying degrees of cellularity and frequently contained myxomatous areas, and often demonstrated local infiltration into adjacent tissues. However, the myofibroblastic, spindle‐shaped lesional cells were uniform and lacked any major signs of atypia. Mitotic figures, characteristically abundant in NF lesions throughout the body, ranged from absent to moderately high in oral NF cases. Treatment modality of choice was complete surgical excision. Recurrence was reported for only one case. Extensive, mutilating surgical procedures for oral mucosa NF are unnecessary, since lesions resolve even when surgical margins are partly involved.Conclusions:  The NF should be included in the clinical differential diagnosis of superficial and deep soft tissue masses of the oral cavity, especially of the buccal mucosa. Histopathologically, NF should be differentiated from other spindle cell lesions, mainly myofibroma, neurofibroma, fibrosarcoma, solitary fibrous tumor, fibromatosis and fibrous histiocytoma.