bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Colorectal Liver Metastases: Upfront Local Treatment versus Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy Followed by Local Treatment (COLLISION RELAPSE): Study Protocol of a Phase III Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dijkstra Madelon , Kuiper Babette I. , Schulz Hannah H. , van der Lei Susan , Puijk Robbert S. , Vos Danielle J. W. , Timmer Florentine E. F. , Scheffer Hester J. , Buffart Tineke E. , van den Tol M. Petrousjka , Lissenberg-Witte Birgit I. , Swijnenburg Rutger-Jan , Versteeg Kathelijn S. , Meijerink Martijn R. ,   COLLISION Trial Group
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of the COLLISION RELAPSE trial is to prove or disprove superiority of neoadjuvant systemic therapy followed by repeat local treatment (either thermal ablation and/or surgical resection), compared to repeat local treatment alone, in patients with at least one recurrent locally treatable CRLM within one year and no extrahepatic disease.

Methods
A total of 360 patients will be included in this phase III, multicentre randomized controlled trial. The primary endpoint is overall survival. Secondary endpoints are distant progression-free survival, local tumour progression-free survival analysed per patient and per tumour, systemic therapy-related toxicity, procedural morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay, pain assessment and quality of life, cost-effectiveness ratio and quality-adjusted life years.

Discussion
If the addition of neoadjuvant systemic therapy to repeat local treatment of CRLM proves to be superior compared to repeat local treatment alone, this may lead to a prolonged life expectancy and increased disease-free survival at the cost of possible systemic therapy-related side effects.

Level of Evidence
Level 1, phase III randomized controlled trial.

Trial Registration
NCT05861505. May 17, 2023.

Graphical Abstract
Voxel-based morphometry in single subjects without a scanner-specific normal database using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Krüger Julia , Opfer Roland , Spies Lothar , Hedderich Dennis , Buchert Ralph 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Reliable detection of disease-specific atrophy in individual T1w-MRI by voxel-based morphometry (VBM) requires scanner-specific normal databases (NDB), which often are not available. The aim of this retrospective study was to design, train, and test a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for single-subject VBM without the need for a NDB (CNN-VBM).

Materials and methods
The training dataset comprised 8945 T1w scans from 65 different scanners. The gold standard VBM maps were obtained by conventional VBM with a scanner-specific NDB for each of the 65 scanners. CNN-VBM was tested in an independent dataset comprising healthy controls (n = 37) and subjects with Alzheimer’s disease (AD, n = 51) or frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD, n = 30). A scanner-specific NDB for the generation of the gold standard VBM maps was available also for the test set. The technical performance of CNN-VBM was characterized by the Dice coefficient of CNN-VBM maps relative to VBM maps from scanner-specific VBM. For clinical testing, VBM maps were categorized visually according to the clinical diagnoses in the test set by two independent readers, separately for both VBM methods.

Results
The VBM maps from CNN-VBM were similar to the scanner-specific VBM maps (median Dice coefficient 0.85, interquartile range [0.81, 0.90]). Overall accuracy of the visual categorization of the VBM maps for the detection of AD or FTLD was 89.8% for CNN-VBM and 89.0% for scanner-specific VBM.

Conclusion
CNN-VBM without NDB provides a similar performance in the detection of AD- and FTLD-specific atrophy as conventional VBM.

Clinical relevance statement
A deep convolutional neural network for voxel-based morphometry eliminates the need of scanner-specific normal databases without relevant performance loss and, therefore, could pave the way for the widespread clinical use of voxel-based morphometry to support the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.

Key Points
• The need of normal databases is a barrier for widespread use of voxel-based brain morphometry.
• A convolutional neural network achieved a similar performance for detection of atrophy than conventional voxel-based morphometry.
• Convolutional neural networks can pave the way for widespread clinical use of voxel-based morphometry.

Graphical abstract
Spatial and temporal patterns of nutrients and their environmental impacts from the agriculture sector in India
Authors: Bode Lilian , Beusen Arthur H. W. , Dekker Stefan C. , Bouwman Alexander F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince the launch of the Green Revolution (GR) in Indian agriculture in the 1960s, Indian food production has successfully become self-sufficient but this has also led to increasing soil nitrogen (N) surpluses and various negative environmental impacts, such as NH3 emissions. Using the IMAGE Global Nutrient Model, this study explores the development of food production, soil N surpluses and associated NH3 emissions in India during the GR; the use of subnational data for compiling spatially explicit maps of N inputs (N fertilizers, manure N, biological N fixation, atmospheric deposition) and outputs (crop harvest, grazing) was compared with results using country-scale data. The results show that in the period 1960–2010 food production growth was dramatic (374%), particularly in the region of the GR states (Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh). This production increase was primarily based on spectacular increases in crop yields and N inputs. However, due to slowly changing nutrient use efficiency, N surpluses and associated NH3 emissions increased rapidly, with hotspots especially in the GR states. Maps using data at subnational scale yield a better representation of spatial heterogeneities of the soil N surpluses, emissions and environmental impacts than maps based on country data. This is beneficial for effect calculations, as the location of negative environmental side effects strongly depends on the location of soil N and P surpluses.
An efficient eco-friendly, simple, and green synthesis of some new spiro-N-(4-sulfamoyl-phenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-carboxamide derivatives as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 proteases: drug-likeness, pharmacophore, molecular docking, and DFT exploration
Authors: El-Saghier Ahmed M. , Enaili Souhaila S. , Abdou Aly , Kadry Asmaa M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a global health crisis. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious virus that can cause severe respiratory illness. There is no specific treatment for COVID-19, and the development of new drugs is urgently needed.

Problem statement
The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) enzyme is a critical viral enzyme that plays a vital role in viral replication. The inhibition of Mpro enzyme can be an effective strategy for developing new COVID-19 drugs.

Methodology
An efficient operationally simple and convenient green synthesis method had been done towards a series of novel spiro-N-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)-2-carboxamide derivatives, in ethanol at room temperature in green conditions, up to 90% yield. The molecular structures of the synthesized compounds were verified using spectroscopic methods.The title compounds were subjected to in silico analysis, including Lipinski’s rule and ADMET prediction, in addition to pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking against the active site of SARS-CoV-2 target main protease (Mpro) enzyme (6LU7). Furthermore, both of the top-ranked compounds (5 and 6) and the standard Nirmatrelvir were subjected to DFT analysis.

Findings
The synthesized compounds exhibited good binding affinity to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro enzyme, with binding energy scores ranging from − 7.33 kcal/mol (compound 6) and − 7.22kcal/mol (compound 5) to − 6.54 kcal/mol (compounds 8 and 9). The top-ranked compounds (5 and 6) had lower HOMO–LUMO energy difference (ΔE) than the standard drug Nirmatrelvir. This highlights the potential and relevance of charge transfer at the molecular level.

Recommendation
These findings suggest that the synthesized spiro-N-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)-2-carboxamide derivatives could be potential candidates for COVID-19 drug development. To confirm these drugs' antiviral efficacy in vivo, more research is required. With very little possibility of failure, this proven method could aid in the search for the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic's desperately needed medications.

Graphical abstract
Murine cartilage microbial DNA deposition occurs rapidly following the introduction of a gut microbiome and changes with obesity, aging, and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Izda Vladislav , Schlupp Leoni , Prinz Emmaline , Dyson Gabby , Barrett Montana , Dunn Christopher M. , Nguyen Emily , Sturdy Cassandra , Jeffries Matlock A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCartilage microbial DNA patterns have been recently characterized in osteoarthritis (OA). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the gut origins of cartilage microbial DNA, to characterize cartilage microbial changes with age, obesity, and OA in mice, and correlate these to gut microbiome changes. We used 16S rRNA sequencing performed longitudinally on articular knee cartilage from germ-free (GF) mice following oral microbiome inoculation and cartilage and cecal samples from young and old wild-type mice with/without high-fat diet-induced obesity (HFD) and with/without OA induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) to evaluate gut and cartilage microbiota. Microbial diversity was assessed, groups compared, and functional metagenomic profiles reconstructed. Findings were confirmed in an independent cohort by clade-specific qPCR. We found that cartilage microbial patterns developed at 48 h and later timepoints following oral microbiome inoculation of GF mice. Alpha diversity was increased in SPF mouse cartilage samples with age (P = 0.013), HFD (P = 5.6E-4), and OA (P = 0.029) but decreased in cecal samples with age (P = 0.014) and HFD (P = 1.5E-9). Numerous clades were altered with aging, HFD, and OA, including increases in Verrucomicrobia in both cartilage and cecal samples. Functional analysis suggested changes in dihydroorotase, glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, glutamate-5-kinase, and phosphoribosylamine-glycine ligase, in both cecum and cartilage, with aging, HFD, and OA. In conclusion, cartilage microbial DNA patterns develop rapidly after the introduction of a gut microbiome and change in concert with the gut microbiome during aging, HFD, and OA in mice. DMM-induced OA causes shifts in both cartilage and cecal microbiome patterns independent of other factors.
Digital RMB vs. Dollar Hegemony? Friendly Foes in China-US Currency Competition
Authors: Zhang Falin , Cui Yang , Campbell-Verduyn Malcolm 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigital transformations are impacting inter-state currency politics in strategically important ways. This article contributes to growing debates over the nature of US-China competition as the Chinese RMB rapidly digitizes in ways said to challenge the hegemony of a slower digitizing greenback. We categorize existing views of currency competition in the digital age into two categories: ‘conventional transformation’ and ‘transformative continuity’. Both these presently dominant perspectives, we argue, are overly techno-deterministic and stand in contrast to a third perspective we propose called ‘probabilistic flux’. Emphasizing the unanticipated and error-prone nature of technological change through Social Construction of Technology theory and informed by the IPE of monetary relations, we provide a more nuanced assessment of digital RMB’s challenges to dollar dominance stressing the functions, benefits and powers of international currency hegemony. Our conclusions are three-fold. First, wider digital currency alternatives to both the dollar and RMB have enriched the international currency functions of the former over the latter. Second, this broader array of digital currency alternatives combines with Chinese RMB digitization to gradually erode the functional base and benefits of dollar dominance position, as well as diminish the US’s international monetary power in both Asia and beyond. Third, what we see as largely friendly digital currency competition focused on domestic imperatives currently remains unpredictable. These findings pose present possibilities for greater international cooperation but equally for less friendly competition and flux particularly as US dollar digitization also unfolds in ways that are difficult to anticipate.
Toward climate-resilient and biodiverse agriculture in the Mediterranean region: experiences and perceptions of farmers engaged in sustainable food production
Authors: Heider Katharina , Rodriguez Lopez Juan Miguel , Bischoff Andreas , Balbo Andrea L. , Scheffran Jürgen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe abandonment of smallholder agriculture and the expansion of conventional intensive agriculture pose a potential threat to the multifunctionality of agriculture. The adoption of intensive conventional practices generates negative outcomes, such as increased greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss, and degradation of land, water, and ecosystems. An ecological transition in agriculture is urgently needed. This paper collects and systematizes the opinion of farmers in Spain, engaged in different food production systems (e.g., organic agriculture, biodynamic agriculture, regenerative agriculture, and conservation agriculture), as alternatives to intensive conventional agriculture. In collaboration with agricultural associations and networks in Spain, we co-created an exploratory online survey including qualitative and quantitative questions. Based on 60 in-depth questionnaires, we assess (1) the practices used by the consulted farmers, (2) the perceived effects following the introduction of sustainable practices, and (3) the challenges and opportunities for farm profitability. Our preliminary results show that farmers apply nine out of 14 sustainable practices, on average, and 65% of our sample consciously adapt their practices to climate change. Farmers perceived positive changes in soil properties, biodiversity, and pests after using these practices. They mentioned the low income as the most significant challenge. Finally, we conducted an online discussion with representatives of the associations. Farmers’ perceptions of positive changes presented in this paper are not intended to be representative of farmer communities across Spain, but provide a first overview of those engaged in the ecological transition.
Ginsenoside compound-K attenuates OVX-induced osteoporosis via the suppression of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and oxidative stress
Authors: Ding Lingli , Gao Zhao , Wu Siluo , Chen Chen , Liu Yamei , Wang Min , Zhang Yage , Li Ling , Zou Hong , Zhao Guoping , Qin Shengnan , Xu Liangliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP), a systemic and chronic bone disease, is distinguished by low bone mass and destruction of bone microarchitecture. Ginsenoside Compound-K (CK), one of the metabolites of ginsenoside Rb1, has anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and hypolipidemic activities. We have demonstrated CK could promote osteogenesis and fracture healing in our previous study. However, the contribution of CK to osteoporosis has not been examined. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CK on osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis. The results showed that CK inhibited receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity by inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, we also demonstrated that CK could inhibit bone resorption using bone marrow-derived macrophages. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CK attenuated bone loss by suppressing the activity of osteoclast and alleviating oxidative stress in vivo. Taken together, these results showed CK could inhibit osteoclastogenesis and prevent OVX-induced bone loss by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway.Graphical Abstract
Contact allergy to medical devices
Authors: Wagner Nicola 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Medical devices are not subject to any legal obligation to declare ingredients. With an increasing number of available medical devices, increasing reports of contact allergies to these devices result in a more difficult, delayed or lack of diagnosis of the trigger.

Methods
Elaborate chemical methods, such as gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy, were able to detect novel contact allergens in medical devices.

Results
Diabetic patients requiring insulin benefit from sophisticated glucose sensor measurement systems and insulin pump systems, but are limited in their choices by the development of contact allergy. Potential contact allergens in medical adhesives, plasters, and wound dressings require extensive diagnostic testing. Contact allergic reactions to cardiac electronic implants are rare. The potential relevance of a contact allergic reaction to endoluminal stents to restenosis of the treated vascular territory is discussed. Contact dermatitis to medical gloves is usually due to the vulcanization accelerators. Mouth–nose protective or FFP2 mask-associated eczema is often irritant, very rarely allergic in origin.

Conclusion
With continued development of medical devices, new contact allergens are introduced. The declaration of their ingredients is necessary for rapid diagnosis and future prevention.
High-Entropy Layered Oxide Cathode Enabling High-Rate for Solid-State Sodium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Cai Tianxun , Cai Mingzhi , Mu Jinxiao , Zhao Siwei , Bi Hui , Zhao Wei , Dong Wujie , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNa-ion O3-type layered oxides are prospective cathodes for Na-ion batteries due to high energy density and low-cost. Nevertheless, such cathodes usually suffer from phase transitions, sluggish kinetics and air instability, making it difficult to achieve high performance solid-state sodium-ion batteries. Herein, the high-entropy design and Li doping strategy alleviate lattice stress and enhance ionic conductivity, achieving high-rate performance, air stability and electrochemically thermal stability for Na0.95Li0.06Ni0.25Cu0.05Fe0.15Mn0.49O2. This cathode delivers a high reversible capacity (141 mAh g−1 at 0.2C), excellent rate capability (111 mAh g−1 at 8C, 85 mAh g−1 even at 20C), and long-term stability (over 85% capacity retention after 1000 cycles), which is attributed to a rapid and reversible O3–P3 phase transition in regions of low voltage and suppresses phase transition. Moreover, the compound remains unchanged over seven days and keeps thermal stability until 279 ℃. Remarkably, the polymer solid-state sodium battery assembled by this cathode provides a capacity of 92 mAh g−1 at 5C and keeps retention of 96% after 400 cycles. This strategy inspires more rational designs and could be applied to a series of O3 cathodes to improve the performance of solid-state Na-ion batteries.
Deformation of pairs and Noether–Lefschetz loci in toric varieties
Authors: Bruzzo Ugo , Montoya William D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe continue our study of the Noether–Lefschetz loci in toric varieties and investigate deformation of pairs (V, X) where V is a complete intersection subvariety and X a quasi-smooth hypersurface in a simplicial projective toric variety $$\mathbb {P}_{\Sigma }^{2k+1}$$

P

Σ

2
k
+
1

, with $$V\subset X$$

V
⊂
X

. The hypersurface X is supposed to be of Macaulay type, which means that its toric Jacobian ideal is Cox–Gorenstein, a property that generalizes the notion of Gorenstein ideal in the standard polynomial ring. Under some assumptions, we prove that the class $$\lambda _V\in H^{k,k}(X)$$

λ
V

∈

H

k
,
k

(
X
)

deforms to an algebraic class if and only if it remains of type (k, k). Actually we prove that locally the Noether–Lefschetz locus is an irreducible component of a suitable Hilbert scheme. This generalizes Theorem 4.2 in our previous work (Bruzzo and Montoya 15(2):682–694, 2021) and the main theorem proved by Dan (in: Analytic and Algebraic Geometry. Hindustan Book Agency, New Delhi, pp 107–115, 2017).
Unappreciated cross-helicity effects in plasma physics: anti-diffusion effects in dynamo and momentum transport
Authors: Yokoi Nobumitsu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe cross-helicity (velocity–magnetic-field correlation) effects in the magnetic-field induction and momentum transport in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are investigated with the aid of the multiple-scale renormalized perturbation expansion analysis, which is a theoretical framework for strongly non-linear and inhomogeneous turbulence. The outline of the theory is presented with reference to the role of the cross-interaction response functions between the velocity and magnetic field. In this formulation, the expressions of the turbulent fluxes: the turbulent electromotive force (EMF) in the mean induction equation and the Reynolds and turbulent Maxwell stresses in the momentum equation are obtained. Related to the expression of EMF, the physical origin of the cross-helicity effect in dynamos, as well as other dynamo effects, is discussed. Properties of dynamo and momentum transport are determined by the spatiotemporal distribution of turbulence. To understand the actual role of the turbulent cross helicity, its transport equations is considered. Several generation mechanisms of cross helicity are discussed with illustrative examples. On the basis of the cross-helicity production mechanisms, its effect in stellar dynamos is discussed. The role of cross helicity in the momentum transport and global flow generation is also argued. One of the situations where the cross-helicity effects both in magnetic-field induction and global flow generation play an important role is the turbulent magnetic reconnection. Characteristic features of turbulence effects in fast reconnection are reviewed with special emphasis on the role of cross helicity in localizing the effective resistivity. Finally, a remark is addressed on an approach that elucidates the structure generation and sustainment in extremely strong turbulence. An appropriate formulation for the anti-diffusion effect, which acts against the usual diffusion effect, is needed. Turbulence modeling approach based on such an analytical formulation is also argued in comparison with the conventional heuristic modeling. The importance of the self-consistent framework treating the non-linear interaction between the mean field and turbulence is stressed as well.