bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Benign Recurrent Vertigo” and Its Connection with Migraine
Authors: Moretti G. , Manzoni G.C. , Caffarra P. , Parma M. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISSlater recently described a vertiginous episodic syndrome almost constantly associated with migraine and proposed giving this syndrome the name of “Benign recurrent vertigo”. Five additional cases with the same clinical features are reported, confirming that: (a) this syndrome is clearly distinguishable from other previously described paroxysmal vestibulopathies, its most significant characteristics having a very high prevalence in women, recurrence of attacks, time correlation with menstrual phases, absence of cochlear and neurologic abnormalities; (b) association with either headache episodes or family history of migraine is almost constant, although there is no time relationship between vertigo and migraine attacks. We conclude that this syndrome appears, in descriptive terms and apart from its etiopathogenetic nature, as a distinct clinical entity and deserves to be further researched in its own right and also for its relationship with migraine.
A Bedside Test for Determining the Sub‐types of Vascular Headache
Authors: Louis Sydney 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA simple bedside test is described using the Valsalva maneuver and superficial temporal artery compression which permits discrimination of extracranial vascular dilatation headache from intracranial vascular dilatation headache. The test is useful as an aid in determining the type of headache in an acute situation. It may also have a useful role in determining ergot responsiveness.
Mechanism of the Biofeedback Therapy of Migraine: Volitional Manipulation of the Psychophysiological Background
Authors: Sovak M. , Kunzel M. , Sternbach R.A. , Dalessio D.J. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTwenty‐nine female migraineurs were assigned to biofeedback and 20 to drug therapy. The average personality profile of the two groups showed neuroticism, with scores on scales 1, 2 and 3 statistically equal between the two groups. Following the therapy, neuroticism significantly improved in the clinically improved biofeedback group, but remained unchanged in clinically unimproved biofeedback and medication, as well as medication improved groups. Neuroticism thus seems to be an integral part of migraine etiology rather than a result of chronic pain. Therefore, volitional alteration of the psychophysiological background of migraineurs by biofeedback as a causative therapy should be preferred to the drugs whenever possible.
Prophylaxis of Migraine and Mixed Headache. A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Mathew Ninan T. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe three most commonly used modalities in the prophylactic treatment of headache, namely propranolol, amitriptyline and biofeedback training, were compared individually and in combination. Three hundred forty patients with migraine end 375 patients with mixed headache were randomly allotted to 8 therapeutic categories. The total duration of the study was 312 years and the therapeutic groups were evaluated for a period of 7 months including I month of pretreatment observation. Improvement was assessed by percentage of change in the average headache index during the last three months of evaluation from the pretreatment headache index. In the migraine group 273 patients completed the study. Improvement was significantly higher in patients receiving prophylactic treatment compared to control patients who were on abortive Ergotamine treatment. Propranolol plus biofeedback yielded the best results in the migraine group and addition of amitriptyline did not significantly change the percentage of improvement. Propranolol alone (62%) was significantly superior to amitriptyline (42%) (p < 0.01). The differences between propranolol alone and propranolol plus amitriptyline was not statistically significant.In the mixed headache group 281 patients completed the study. The most effective treatment was combination of amitriptyline, propranolol and biofeedback training. Amitriptyline alone was superior to propranolol alone in the treatment of mixed headache (p<0.01). A combination of propranolol and amitriptyline was superior to either of those alone. Biofeedback, though by itself, did not appear to be the treatment of choice, significantly contributed to better results as an adjunct when it is combined with pharmacological agents. Concomitant use of propranolol and amitriptyline did not result in any adverse reactions or clinical incompatibility.
Pupillary Dysautonomia and Migraine: Is Adie's Pupil Caused by Migraine?
Authors: Massey E. Wayne 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISAdie's pupil and migraine occur in the same population. Migraine is an extremely common disease and Adies is not rare. Among 22 patients presenting with Adie's pupillotonia, eight patients had a migraine history and nine had a family history of migraine. Therefore, if a history is meticulously undertaken in patients with Adie's Syndrome, the history of migraine in the patient or in his family may be found. Since Adie's Syndrome is a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, as is the migraine syndrome, these entities may be related.
The Temporomandibular Joint Pain‐dysfunction Syndrome: A Frequent Cause of Headache
Authors: Reik Louis , Hale Mahlon 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISOne hundred consecutive headache clinic patients were evaluated prospectively for features of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain‐dysfunction syndrome. The syndrome was identified in 14, mainly young women, who differed significantly in physical findings and headache associated symptoms from those with tension or vascular headache, but not in the frequency of anxiety‐relieving chronic oral habits usually said to be causal. They resembled tension headache patients in their high incidence of associated depression, and most improved following treatment with physical therapy and tricyclic antidepressants. Radiologic joint abnormalities were uncommon. The TMJ pain‐dysfunction syndrome appears to be a frequent, easily diagnosed, and easily treated, but usually unappreciated cause of headache distinct from other headache entities.
MMPI Profiles of Headache Patients Using Self‐regulation to Control Headache Activity
Authors: Werder Dolores Soto , Sargent Joseph D. , Coyne Lolafaye 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe MMPI was administered to 51 persons with headache complaints (tension, migraine, or both) at their initial visit to the Menninger Foundation Headache Treatment Center. Three months after self‐regulation training was concluded each S was rated as to their ability to use the non‐drug technique to control headaches effectively. Success was determined by reduction of headache activity by 51% or more. There were 32 Successful Ss and 19 Unsuccessful Ss. Characteristics of both groups were very similar except for age, with the Unsuccessful group having significantly older Ss. Further investigation also indicated that number of headache days per month was significantly more for Unsuccessful Ss.A multivariate analysis, with age as covariate, was done to compare differences between the 12 MMPI clinical scale means. Peak scores were found on Scales 1 (HS) and 3 (HY) for the Unsuccessful Ss with lower scores on Scale 2 (D) indicating the typical “Conversion V” profile. Peak score for the Successful Ss was on Scale 2 (D), and they scored significantly higher than the Unsuccessful Ss on Scale 0 (SI). Similar findings were observed for females only in both groups.It was suggested that Successful Ss had increased depression with less somatization than Unsuccessful Ss and were, therefore, more acutely aware of their internal discomfort. This resulted in increased motivation to seek change, and willingness to give up medication. Another indicator of their internal focus was the higher scores on introversion which may contribute to success in using self‐regulation techniques.
Empty Sella Headache
Authors: Moretti Giacomo , Manzoni Gian Camillo , Mainini Paolo , Pasetti Stefano , Parma Mario 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISHeadache was studied in a series of empty sella cases and the findings were compared with previous observations. Headache appeared to be very frequently associated with empty sella and its clinical features appeared distinguishable from migraine and tension headache, but very similar to pituitary chromophobe adenoma headache. Such an association seems to be in most cases pathogenetically significant and empty sella headache should therefore be included among the “secondary” headaches to be considered in the current diagnosis.
Superior Laryngeal Neuralgia: Carotidynia or Just Another Pain in the Neck?
Authors: O‘Neill Brian P. , Aronson Amold E. , Pearson Bruce W. , Nauss Lee A. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA clinical pain syndrome similar to "carotidynia" developed in a patient several years after undergoing carotid endarterectomy. The pain was reversed by superior laryngeal nerve block, followed by superior larnygeal neurectomy. A diagnosis of superior laryngeal neuralgia was suggested by several characteristic features: (1) pain along the anterior cervical triangle, with extension to the ipsilateral ear and eye, (2) hoarseness, and (3) paralysis of the ipsilateral cricothyroid muscle on laryngoscopy. Carotidynia usually refers to neck pain arising from the carotid artery in the neck and is often viewed as a migraine variant. Our observations suggest that carotidynia may not be a migraine variant and that "carotidynia" may not be an accurate term for all pains in the anterior cervical triangle. We suggest that evaluation of neck pain include speech pathology and otolaryngologic consultations (including laryngoscopy) if any voice disorder is reported or noted. Since the superior laryngeal nerve is the neural structure most contiguous to the bifurcation of the carotid artery, the superior laryngeal nerve may have become entrapped in a fibrotic process that developed after carotid endarterectomy. Such pain may be a rare complication of carotid endarterectomy. When other causes have been excluded and pain continues, a superior laryngeal nerve block should be considered.
Ergotamine vs. Metoclopramide vs. Their Combination in Acute Migraine Attacks
Authors: Hakkarainen Heikki , Allonen Hannu 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe effect of ergotamine tartrate was compared with that of the antiemetic agent metoclopramide and with those of two combinations in a double‐blind trial of 24 adult female patients with migraine. The following combinations of the drugs were used in oral administration in a total of 176 acute migraine attacks: (a) Ergotamine 1 mg, (b) Metoclopramide 20 mg, (c) Ergotamine 1 mg + metoclopramide 20 mg, (d) Ergotamine 2 mg + metoclopramide 20 mg. The duration of attacks was significantly shorter on both of the combinations compared with the single drugs. The intensity of the pain was somewhat weaker and the appearance of nausea and vomiting somewhat but not significantly less during the combination treatments. In their overall opinion the patients favored the 2 mg + 20 mg combination significantly more than the others. Both ergotamine and metoclopramide are efficient in acute migraine attacks. Their combination seems to enhance the therapeutic response in some respects.
Systemic Arterial Pressure and Heart Rate Changes During Migraine and Cluster Headaches: Preliminary Study
Authors: Cirignotta F. , Sacquegna T. , D‘Alessandro R. , Baldrati A. , De Carolis P. , Coccagna G. , Lugaresi E. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISIn a case of common migraine and in two cases of cluster headache we monitored the arterial pressure and the heart rate by means of polygraphic recordings before, during and after headache attacks.During migraine attacks the arterial pressure did not show significant changes; the heart rate increased. During cluster attacks the arterial pressure increased with frequent hypertensive peaks; the heart rate on average slowed down and showed marked irregularities.
Prostaglandin Inhibition and Cerebrovascular Control in Patients with Headache
Authors: Amano Takahiro , Meyer John S. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISEffects of aspirin and indomethacin on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral vasomotor responsiveness (VMR) to 5% CO2 and 100% O2 inhalation were compared in patients with vascular and non‐vascular headaches. Indomethacin was 60 times as potent as aspirin in inhibiting cerebrovascular prostacyclin (PGI2) synthesis in humans, as judged by CBF and VMR effects. 972 mgs of aspirin, a dose known to inhibit thromboxane synthesis and platelet aggregation had minimal effects on CBF (−3.8%), attributed to partial PGI2 inhibition, since there was no effect on VMR to 5% CO2. Indomethacin (25–50 mgs) reduced CBF (−17.8%), VMR to 5% CO2 (−72%) and VMR to 100% O2 (−75%). PGI2 plays an important role in cerebrovascular control of human subjects. Inhibition of PGI2 synthesis by indomethacin relieves cluster‐type headaches more consistently than other headaches. Evidence is offered that 100% O2 inhalation causes cerebral vasoconstriction by inhibiting cerebrovascular PGI2 synthesis, thereby benefitting cluster headaches. Migraineurs appear to have excessive PGI2 synthesis. Patients with hemicephalalgia show asymmetric hemispheric responses to indomethacin, ascribed to asymmetric neurogenic influences on PGI2 synthesis.
Pheochromocytoma: Paroxysmal Hypertensive Headaches
Authors: Bridgwater Gary R. , Starling James R. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA thirty‐year‐old female reported episodic vascular headaches for one year. On physical examination during a headache her average systolic and diastolic blood pressure rose 33 mm Hg and 18 mm Hg respectively. Her headaches ceased after removal of a 100 g left intra‐adrenal tumor located by abdominal CAT scan. Details of the patient's diagnosis and the general evaluation of headache patients for pheochromocytoma are discussed.
Prolonged Benign Exertional Headache: Its Clinical Characteristics and Response to Indomethacin
Authors: Diamond Seymour 
Published: June 2005

ABSTRACTFifteen patients with prolonged benign exertional headaches are described. The headaches were mostly bilateral (nine), throbbing (eight), occurring during exertion and lasting an average of four hours. Their ages at the onset of the headache varied from eight to fifty‐four. In all of them, Neurological examination, neurological tests, including (CAT) computerized axial tomography, were normal. Indocin (indomethacin) completely or almost completely controlled the exertional headaches in thirteen out of fifteen patients (86%) in a period of one to four weeks. This improvement was maintained as long as the patients were taking Indocin. The entire follow‐up period ranged from three to eighteen months.
Treatment of Muscle Contraction Headache: Micrainin(r) vs. Aspirin
Authors: Glassman Jerome M. , Soyka Joseph P. , Pollack Marcia 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISSixteen physician‐investigators participated in a double‐blind, randomized clinical study comparing the efficacy of Micrainin (meprobamate‐acetylsalicylic acid) and aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) in the treatment of muscle contraction (tension) headache. Each patient treated one episode of moderate‐to‐severe muscle contraction headache and scored the effects for head pain, activity impairment, tension (tense/uptight feeling), muscle stiffness and overall relief using a verbal rating scale (VRS) and a visual analogue (linear) scale (VAS). In general, overall agreement occurred between the two rating scales. Patient and physician global evaluations also concurred and supported the conclusion that Micrainin was significantly more effective than aspirin in relieving the symptom complex of muscle contraction headache. Treatment emergent signs and symptoms occurred infrequently in each treatment group (£4.0%); these were not serious, were of short duration and were without sequelae.
Epilepsy, Migraine, and EEG Abnormalities in Children: A Review and Hypothesis
Authors: Jay Gary W. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe relationship between migraine and epilepsy is reviewed. Recurrent paroxysmal episodes in children and their relationship to electroencephalographic abnormalities is discussed. Relevant literature concerning the 14 and 6/second positive spike pattern is also surveyed.The electroencephalographic data from a group of 116 pediatric headache patients was conpared to a group of 93 children previously diagnosed with seizure disorders. In the headache group, the 14 and 6/second positive spike abnormality was seen in 40.7% of the abnormal recordings, either by itself or with other abnormalities, and in 12.2% of all EEGs performed. This pattern was found in 6.5% of all abnormal EEGs and in 4.3% of all EEGs performed in the seizure group.It is hypothesized that the 14 and 6/second positive spike pattern is a marker for autonomic hyper‐reactivity and is most readily found in children under 16 years of age.The use of the electroencephalogram in the pediatric headache work‐up is emphasized to differentiate the “Seizure Equivalent” headache disorder from migraine. Anticonvulsant medication is the appropriate treatment for the “Seizure Equivalent” headache disorder.
Change in Platelet Taurine and Migraine
Authors: Dhopesh V.P. , Baskin S.I. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTo establish if other neuromodulators exhibit abnormal metabolism in the platelet during migraine, we sought to analyze taurine levels, a neuromodulator known to be actively accumulated by the platelet. It was found that taurine platelet levels were greater during the headache phase (p<0.01) than the postictal phase. We propose that the metabolic platelet defect in migraine extends beyond a singular chemical species, i.e., serotonin, but may involve other substances such as taurine.
Bioavailability and Antimigraine Efficacy of Effervescent Ergotamine
Authors: Ala‐Hurula V. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISIn about 20% of migraine patients treatment with enterally administrated ergotamine tartrate proves unsuccessful. One of the causes for this might be a poor systemic availability of the drug from the ordinary solid tablets. The present study aimed to investigate the bioavailability and the therapeutic value of ergotamine tartrate in effervescent form.In twenty volunteers the plasma ergotamine levels were measured by using a radioimmunoassay after oral administration of 2.0 mg ergotamine tartrate combined with 50.0 mg caffeine in effervescent form. Measurable plasma drug levels were found in 14 (70%) of the subjects and the mean maximum plasma ergotamine level of 0.45 ng/ml was achieved at 30 minutes.In the clinical part of the study 25 migraine patients treated their migraine attacks with effervescent ergotamine. The therapeutic value of it was considered as good by 9, moderate by 11 and poor by 5 of the patients. Among 18 of them the therapeutic effect seemed to be equal to their earlier ergotamine medications. The results indicate that the plasma pharmacokinetics of ergotamine tartrate in effervescent form is similar to and possibly faster on the absorptive phase than that reported earlier after enteral administration. In patients who do not gain benefit from the usual ergotamine tablets or suppositories, effervescent ergotamine would appear to be an alternative worth consideration.
Evaluation of Oculocephalic Sympathetic Function in Vascular Headache Syndromes
Authors: Watson Craig , Vijayan N. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISPatients presenting with a unilateral ptosis and miosis offer a differential diagnostic challenge which ranges from “simple” anisocoria, a benign condition, through a variety of vascular headache syndromes, to life threatening diseases of the peripheral or central nervous system. The resolution of this dilemma often rests with the documentation of clinically questionable findings and the localization of the lesion along the oculocephalic sympathetic pathway.In the first of our papers, we review simple bedside autonomic tests which can easily be used to document and localize lesions of the oculocephalic sympathetic pathway. We also briefly review the relevant neurotransmitter, neuroanatomical, and neurophysiological information necessary to accurately interpret the results of these tests.
Effects of Frontalis EMG Biofeedback and Diazepam in the Treatment of Tension Headache
Authors: Paiva Teresa , Nunes J. Silveira , Moreira Ana , Santos Jorge , Teixeira Jorge , Barbosa Antonio 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISFrontalis EMG biofeedback and diazepam treatments were compared in tension headache patients; headache scores (intensity and frequency) and frontalis EMG were used as control parameters. The study, conducted in a double blind manner, was split in three equal observation periods (4 weeks): baseline, treatment and follow‐up. Four patient groups were chosen, two of which received placebo treatment. In both true conditions, biofeedback and diazepam, treatment effects differentiated from placebo groups; with diazepam the strongest results upon headache and frontalis EMG were observed during treatment, which, however, were lost at the follow‐up period; biofeedback although with weaker effects during treatment showed, at follow‐up, a long lasting reduction of headache scores even when frontalis activity reached baseline levels; in the false biofeedback group some decrease of EMG activity during treatment and of headache intensity at follow‐up were also observed. The data suggest that biofeedback is a complex learning situation, where several uncompletely known factors are possibly at work; it also raises the possibility of a complex relation between frontalis muscular activity and headache since a simple linear relation of both variables was not observed.
Diagnosis of Head Pain: An Idiographic Approach to Assessment and Classification
Authors: Thompson J. Kevin 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe headache literature is characterized by controversy regarding theoretical explanations, pain mediating processes and treatment efficacy. The present paper reviews past assessment and classification practices within this literature. The data suggest that inadequate adherence to the iagnostic scheme originally proposed by the Ad Hoc Committee on Classification of Headache has resulted in major nosological errors. Thus, the literature presents a confusing array of inconsistent results and inconclusive investigations. Criteria for classification of head pain are provided and the utilization of more sophisticated assessment methodology advocated. It is hypothesized that an idiosyncratic analysis of head pain parameters will eventuate in the empirical delineation of well‐defined subgroup populations of migraine, muscle‐contraction, psychogenic, and combined headache patients.