bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green innovation and environmental quality in OECD countries: the mediating role of renewable energy and carbon taxes
Authors: Kafeel Kafeel , Zhou Jing , Phetkhammai Monmala , Heyan Lu , Khan Sher 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe exceptional rise in overall economic activities has deteriorated environmental sustainability around the world. However, countries around the globe are implementing strategies for reaching the global climate objective. For this purpose, OECD countries committed many efforts, although their pledges and results are not parallel to the level of the Paris Agreement’s ambition. This study examines the impact of eco-innovation, environmental taxes, and renewable energy consumption on the environmental performance of selected OECD countries over the period of 2006 to 2020. This study uses the generalized method of moments (GMM) and instrumental variables 2 stage least square (2SLS) methods. For robustness checks, this study uses a quantile regression approach. We conclude that an increase in the adoption of renewable energy and green innovation has a statistically significant impact on controlling CO2 emissions. Moreover, the empirical model is expanded by incorporating environmental taxes as an explanatory variable. The expanded model showed that the imposition of environmental taxes has a detrimental impact on the reduction of CO2 emissions. Moreover, on the contrary, an increase in economic activities, measured by GDP, is responsible for rising CO2 emissions in OECD countries. In light of the results we obtained, policy recommendations are provided.
Does Sponsorship Promote Equity in Career Advancement in Academic Medicine? A Scoping Review
Authors: Schwartz Rachel , Williams Mia F. , Feldman Mitchell D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSponsorship describes a set of actions wherein an influential champion (sponsor) uses their position to actively support a colleague’s career by helping them gain visibility, recognition, and/or positions. There is growing awareness of the importance of sponsorship for career advancement in academic medicine, particularly for women and those who are historically underrepresented and excluded in medicine (UIM). This scoping review examines the current landscape of evidence, and knowledge gaps, on sponsorship as it relates to career advancement in academic medicine for women and UIM faculty. We searched peer-reviewed literature in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (WoS) over the past 50 years (from 1973 through July 2023). Sixteen studies were included in the final review. We found relative consensus on sponsorship definition and value to career advancement. Heterogeneity in study design limited our ability to directly compare study outcomes. All included studies focused on gender differences in sponsorship: two of four quantitative studies found men were more likely to receive sponsorship, one reported no gender differences, and one was insufficiently powered. All but one of the qualitative studies reported gender differences, with women less likely to access or be identified for sponsorship. The mixed-methods studies suggested sponsorship may vary by career stage. Only two studies analyzed sponsorship for UIM populations. The existing data are inconclusive regarding best ways to measure and assess sponsorship, what institutional support (e.g., structured programs, formal recognition, or incentives for sponsorship) should look like, and at what career stage sponsorship is most important. Addressing this knowledge gap will be critically important for understanding what sponsorship best practices, if any, should be used to promote equity in career advancement in academic medicine. We advocate for commitment at the institutional and national levels to develop new infrastructure for transparently and equitably supporting women and UIM in career advancement.
Risk of binge eating disorder in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Brodosi Lucia , Stecchi Michele , Marchignoli Francesca , Lucia Elisabetta , Magnani Lucia , Guarneri Valeria , Petroni Maria Letizia , Marchesini Giulio , Pironi Loris 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Very few data exist on the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and eating disorders. The study aimed to evaluate the presence of binge eating disorder (BED), in MASLD subjects.

Methods
Demographic, clinical investigation, anthropometric measurements and laboratory were collected in 129 patients with MASLD (34.1% males; age, 53.7 years; BMI, 34.4 kg/m2) addressed by general practitioners to a hospital-based unit of metabolic disorders. The risk of binge eating was tested by the binge eating scale (BES); values in the range 17–26 were considered “possible” BED, values > 26 were considered “probable” BED. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were tested by surrogate biomarkers and imaging (transient elastography). Calorie intake and lifestyle were self-assessed by questionnaires.

Results
Possible BED was present in 17.8% of cases, probable BED in another 7.6%, and were neither associated with gender, obesity class, diabetes, features of metabolic syndrome, nor with presence and severity of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Also steatosis grade by CAP and fibrosis stage by liver stiffness did not correlate with BES. However, an association was present between the daily caloric intake and “possible” BED (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.24; “probable” BED, 1.21; 1.07–1.37), after adjustment for confounders.

Conclusion
Binge eating, as scored by BES, is present in a significant proportion of MASLD cases screened for metabolic disorders in a specialized center. It may impact behavioral treatment, reducing the chance of weight loss without systematic psychological support.
Level of Evidence: Level III, cohort analytic study
Machine learning approach for the prediction of mining-induced stress in underground mines to mitigate ground control disasters and accidents
Authors: Vinay Lingampally Sai , Bhattacharjee Ram Madhab , Ghosh Nilabjendu , Kumar Shankar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe bord and pillar method is commonly employed in Indian underground coal mines, and the extraction rate varies between 30 and 65%. During pillar extraction, pillars are subjected to severe stress conditions. Due to this, the natural state of stress equilibrium is disturbed, resulting in severe strata control problems leading to sudden, unpredictable failure such as a premature collapse of pillars, severe roof or side fall, and sometimes leading to serious/fatal injury or burial of machinery. This paper deals with the prediction of mining-induced stress during pillar extraction using Machine Learning (ML) techniques like Random Forest and Multilayer Perceptron. The various factors used for the formulation of the models for predicting the mining-induced stresses are Depth of the workings (H), Panel width/length (W/L), Pillar width/working height (w/h), Goaf length, and Area of extraction. This paper highlights the importance of operational parameters rather than geological parameters. The Correlation coefficient ($${R}^{2}$$

R

2

) of mining-induced stresses for the case studies discussed in the paper is 0.85 for Random Forest and 0.76 for Multilayer Perceptron, which shows Random Forest results have a comparative edge over Multilayer perceptron. With this developed prediction models, the stress conditions of pillars can be predicted.
Graphic abstract
Intermediäre Akteure und ihre Bedeutung für die historische Formierung von spezifischen Berufsbildern und Arbeitsmärkten in der öffentlichen Erwachsenenbildung
Authors: Alke Matthias , Uhl Laura , Troidl Kilian 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Erwachsenenbildung ist durch vielfältige Berufsbilder und Beschäftigungsverhältnisse geprägt, aus denen sich zugleich die Existenz heterogener Teilarbeitsmärkte für diesen Sektor erklärt. Am Beispiel des öffentlich verantworteten Erwachsenenbildungsbereichs der Volkshochschulen behandelt der Beitrag die historische Genese von spezifischen Berufsbildern und dazugehörigen (Teil‑)Arbeitsmärkten. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf dem Berufsbild für hauptberufliche pädagogische Mitarbeitende (HPM) und Leitungskräfte, das als Referenzmodell in der Reformära der 1960er und 1970er-Jahre vor dem Hintergrund neuer Förderungsstrukturen für hauptberufliche Stellen konzipiert wurde. Es wird untersucht, welche Akteure und rechtlichen Normierungen die Formierung dieses spezifischen Berufsbilds beeinflusst und zu seiner Verbreitung und Durchsetzungsfähigkeit geführt haben. Dazu werden Ergebnisse aus einer historischen Stellenanzeigen- und Dokumentenanalyse vorgestellt, die sich u. a. auf Verbände, bildungspolitische Akteure und gesetzliche Grundlagen beziehen. Für die Analyse der empirischen Befunde wird theoretisch an die Konzepte Situation, Intermediäre und Forminvestition aus der konventionensoziologischen Forschung zur Genese von Berufskategorien und Arbeitsmärkten angeknüpft. Die Ergebnisse beleuchten nicht nur die Bedeutung von Intermediären für die Etablierung von Berufsbildern und Arbeitsmärkten, sondern zeigen auch die Auswirkungen auf die Organisationsebene und die impliziten Handlungsspielräume für die einzelnen Volkshochschulen im Untersuchungszeitraum.
MXenes-mining: a decade of discovery
Authors: Georgantas Yiannis , Moissinac Francis Peter , Bissett Mark 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMXenes are a material family of transition metal carbides and/or nitrides that include more than 48 different chemical compounds, with different synthesis and post-processing routes, enabling them to be exploited in a variety of applications. Consequentially, the permutability of such materials has led to the publication of several thousand articles that either mention MXenes or specifically focus on them. This results in a common challenge shared by many large research domains, where researchers often face significant obstacles in obtaining a swift and all-encompassing macro-perspective. Herein, we have utilized data mining tool to gather 25.355 articles from the inception of MXenes in 2011 up until 31 December 2022. Accordingly, we processed the collated data by using clustering, link analysis and frequent itemset analysis in a variety of ways to visualize the results in a range of plots and figures to ascertain trends and correlations to identify the gaps that this research domain may have for future investigations.
Die politische Kultur in Berlin: Ergebnisse des Berlin-Monitors
Authors: Pickel Gert , Celik Kazim , Decker Oliver 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie politische Kultur in Berlin zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Legitimität der Demokratie und eine limitierte Gruppe überzeugter Antidemokraten aus. Etwas seltener sind Berliner demgegenüber mit der aktuellen Demokratie zufrieden. Aber es handelt sich noch immer um eine Mehrheit. Neben einem kleinen harten Kern von Antidemokraten finden sich deutlich öfter Zustimmungen zu antidemokratischen Brückenideologien, wie Verschwörungserzählungen oder antimuslimischen Einstellungen. Sammelbecken solcher Überzeugungen ist die Wählerschaft der AfD. Variationen in der Systemunterstützung können durch die Einschätzung der Wirtschaftslage, politische Unzufriedenheit, aber vor allem durch sozialpsychologische Erklärungsmuster erklärt werden. Unter ihnen besitzen eine Verschwörungsmentalität, autoritäre Überzeugungen und Vorstellungen sozialer Abwertung (Rassismus, Sexismus, Klassismus), sowie soziales Vertrauen die größte Wirkung. Differenzen zwischen West- und Ostberlin in der politischen Kultur sind noch erkennbar, sie sind aber nur begrenzt als Merkmale einer regionalen politischen Kultur in Berlin zu interpretieren. Eher findet sich eine regionale Variation der bundesdeutschen politischen Kultur.
Review on Low-Temperature Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion and Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Tan Sha , Shadike Zulipiya , Cai Xinyin , Lin Ruoqian , Kludze Atsu , Borodin Oleg , Lucht Brett L. , Wang Chunsheng , Hu Enyuan , Xu Kang , Yang Xiao-Qing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAmong various rechargeable batteries, the lithium-ion battery (LIB) stands out due to its high energy density, long cycling life, in addition to other outstanding properties. However, the capacity of LIB drops dramatically at low temperatures (LTs) below 0 °C, thus restricting its applications as a reliable power source for electric vehicles in cold climates and equipment used in the aerospace. The electrolyte engineering has proved to be one of the most effective approaches to mitigate LIB performance degradation at LTs. In this review, we summarize the important factors contributing to the deterioration in Li+ transport and capacity utilization at LTs while systematically categorize the solvents, salts and additives reported in the literature. Strategies to improve the Li+ transport kinetics, in the bulk electrolyte and across the interphases, are discussed. In particular, the formation mechanism of solid electrolyte interphase and its functionality for LT electrolytes are analyzed. Perspectives on the future evolution of this area are also provided.
Graphical abstract
Understanding steric hindrance effect of solvent molecule in localized high-concentration electrolyte for lithium metal batteries
Authors: Li Xinpeng , Pan Yuxue , Liu Yue , Jie Yulin , Chen Shunqiang , Wang Shiyang , He Zixu , Ren Xiaodi , Cheng Tao , Cao Ruiguo , Jiao Shuhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh energy density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have garnered significant research interests in the past decades. However, the growth of lithium dendrites and the low Coulombic efficiency (CE) of Li metal anode pose significant challenges for the development of LMBs. Herein, we report a triethyl orthoformate (TEOF)-based localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) that facilitates a highly reversible Li metal anode with dendrite-free deposition morphologies and an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.1% for 450 cycles. Mechanistic study reveal that the steric hindrance caused by the terminal ethyl groups in the TEOF solvent molecule results in a weak solvating ability, leading to the formation of anion-dominant solvation structures. The anion-dominant solvation sheaths play an essential role in the formation of a LiF-rich solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), which effectively suppresses the growth of Li dendrites. Furthermore, the TEOF-based electrolyte demonstrates the stable cycling of high-voltage Li||NMC811 cells. These results provide insights into understanding of steric hindrance effect on electrolyte solvation structure and offer valuable guidance for the design of electrolyte solvents in the development of lithium metal batteries.
Upper Paleocene–lower Eocene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy at Nukhul, West Central Sinai, Egypt
Authors: Kasem Atef M. , Kassab Walid G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research offers a comprehensive examination of calcareous nannofossils, isotopic ratios (δ18O and δ13C), and carbonate content spanning the critical Paleocene-Eocene transition at Gebel Nukhul. The study covers three lithostratigraphic formations: Tarawan, Esna, and Thebes. By meticulous analysis, we’ve identified five distinct calcareous nannofossil zones, including NP7/8 and NP9-12. Zone NP9 is further divided based on the lowest occurrences of specific nannofossils (Discoaster anartios, D. araneus, and/or Rhomboaster spp.), while Zone NP10 is subdivided using Tribrachiatus contortus as a marker. We discussed the significance of various calcareous nannofossil taxa in biostratigraphy, highlighting their role as valuable stratigraphic markers. Our research precisely locates the base of the Eocene at the onset of Subzone NP9b within the Esna Formation, revealing no discernible lithological changes coinciding with this boundary. Additionally, our findings align with the global record, indicating significant decreases in δ13C, δ18O, and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content during the Paleocene–Eocene transition. These changes underscore the climatic and environmental perturbations during this pivotal geological phase. This study provides valuable insights into the stratigraphy and paleoclimatology of the Paleocene–Eocene transition, contributing to our understanding of past climatic variations on Earth.
Foliar application of strigolactones improves the desiccation tolerance, grain yield and water use efficiency in dryland wheat through modulation of non-hydraulic root signals and antioxidant defense
Authors: Guo Sha , Wei Xiaofei , Ma Baoluo , Ma Yongqing , Yu Zihan , Li Pufang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNon-hydraulic root signals (nHRS) are affirmed as a unique positive response to soil drying, and play a crucial role in regulating water use efficiency and yield formation in dryland wheat production. Strigolactones (SLs) can enhance plant drought adaptability. However, the question of whether strigolactones enhance grain yield and water use efficiency by regulating nHRS and antioxidant defense systems in dryland wheat remains unanswered. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of strigolactones on nHRS, antioxidant defense system, and grain yield and water use efficiency in dryland wheat. The results showed that external application of SLs increased drought-induced abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and activated an earlier trigger of nHRS at 73.4% field capacity (FC), compared to 68.5% FC in the control group (CK). This phenomenon was mechanically associated with the physiological mediation of SLs. The application of SLs significantly enhanced the activities of leaf antioxidant enzymes, reduced ROS production, and mitigated oxidative damage to lipid membrane. Additionally, root biomass, root length density, and root to shoot ratio were increased under strigolactone treatment. Furthermore, exogenous application of SLs significantly increased grain yield by 34.9% under moderate drought stress. Water use efficiency was also increased by 21.5% and 33.3% under moderate and severe drought conditions respectively, compared to the control group (CK). The results suggested that the application of strigolactones triggered earlier drought-sensing mechanism and improved the antioxidant defense ability, thus enhancing grain yield and water use efficiency in dryland wheat production.
Enhancements in Circle Rendering: An Improved Approach to the Midpoint Circle Drawing Algorithm
Authors: Nithya N. S. , Idrisi M. Javed 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRendering circles on digital platforms is essential in computer graphics. The widely adopted midpoint circle algorithm is a premier tool for this task. This article dives deep into the foundational aspects of this algorithm, highlighting its prowess in enabling accurate and effortless circle depiction on digital displays. It further contrasts its merits with alternative circle drawing techniques. Importantly, our research presents a refined technique aimed at minimizing inaccuracies inherent in the standard cartesian-based Midpoint Circle Drawing Algorithm (MPCDA). By incorporating an error-reduction strategy, we ensure greater accuracy in depicting circles. Comparative tests on diverse circle sizes and placements confirmed the efficacy of our enhanced method. When set against results from the traditional MPCDA, our approach showcases significant improvements.
Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the esophagus: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of 43 cases
Authors: Geng Zi-Han , Liu Ya-Lan , Xu Chen , Zhu Yan , Zhou Ping-Hong , Cai Ming-Yan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) of the esophagus are extremely rare and poorly understood. This study aimed to delineate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of esophageal NECs using a retrospective survey.

Methods
Patients with histologically proven esophageal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) were recruited from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China, between 2006 and 2016. Clinical, endoscopic, pathological, and immunohistochemical data were collected retrospectively.

Results
Of 43 patients with NEC, older male patients were predominant. In total, 93.0% of the tumor masses were located in the middle or lower esophagus. Twenty-nine (67.4%) and 22 (51.2%) cases showed ulceration and esophageal stenosis, respectively. The average index of Ki-67 staining was 67.1% ± 21.4% with positive immunostaining for CD56 (88.4%), chromogranin A (51.2%), and synaptophysin (72.1%). Small cell carcinomas accounted for 95.3% of cases, and 16.3% of patients had mixed components with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion
Esophageal NECs are rare and mainly affect men in their sixties or seventies. They show a similar endoscopic appearance to squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma and present with a proliferative mass with stenosis or ulcers. Therefore, esophageal NECs are difficult to diagnose by endoscopy. Esophageal NECs can be mixed with other subtypes of neoplasms, such as adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. In addition to chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and CD56, NSE, S100, and CKpan might be candidate biomarkers to diagnose esophageal NECs. Overall, we provide new insights into the biology of esophageal NECs.
Health System Change for Alzheimer’s Disease-Modifying Therapies in Canada: Beginning the Discussion
Authors: Frank Andrew , Ismail Zahinoor , Wilson Melanie , Gauthier Serge , Verret Louis , Hsiung Ging-Yuek Robin , Borrie Michael 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that accounts for 60%–70% of patients with dementia, and it is estimated that over one million Canadians will be living with dementia by 2030. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) targeting the underlying pathophysiology of AD are currently in development. Several models have demonstrated that the potential arrival of Alzheimer’s DMTs will most likely overwhelm the already-constrained Canadian healthcare system. Canada does not have a strategy to address the extensive requirements of using DMTs, including providing an early diagnosis of AD, confirming DMT eligibility via amyloid biomarkers, and conducting ongoing treatment monitoring. Thus, a multidisciplinary group of experts involved in AD care in Canada gathered to review (1) the current barriers to diagnosis and management of AD; (2) how existing clinic models, including those used in multiple sclerosis (MS), could be applied to address key barriers in AD; and (3) how to design and implement optimal care pathways in the future. The actions outlined in this review will help clinicians and healthcare systems improve readiness to integrate the use of disease-modifying therapies in Alzheimer’s disease, if such therapies are approved in Canada.
Theoretical analysis of frequency modulation-to-amplitude modulation on the final optics and target of the SG II-Up laser facility
Authors: Zhang Yujia , Fan Wei , Wang Jiangfeng , Wang Xiaochao , Lu Xinghua , Huang Dajie , Xu Shouying , Zhang Yanli , Sun Mingying , Jiao Zhaoyang , Zhou Shenlei , Jiang Xiuqing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Frequency modulation (FM)-to-amplitude modulation (AM) conversion is an important factor that affects the time–power curve of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) high-power laser facilities. This conversion can impact uniform compression and increase the risk of damage to optics. However, the dispersive grating used in the smoothing by spectral dispersion technology will introduce a temporal delay and can spatially smooth the target. The combined effect of the dispersive grating and the focusing lens is equivalent to a Gaussian low-pass filter, which is equivalent to 8 GHz bandwidth and can reduce the intensity modulation on the target to below 5% with 0.3 nm @ 3 GHz + 20 GHz spectrum phase modulation. The results play an important role in the testing and evaluating of the FM-to-AM on the final optics and the target, which is beneficial for comprehensively evaluating the load capacity of the facility and isentropic compression experiment for ICF.