bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Observational Study to Assess Medication Adherence and Health Related Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Cheryl Shania D’mello , Spandana M , Nayana R , Ruhana , 
Published: December 2023

Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD) patients belong to the group of subjects with large burden of daily pill intake. Failure of adherence to these medications can lead to increased morbidity, mortality, cost, and burden on health care system. Therefore, good medication adherence is important to obtain desired therapeutic outcome which in turn improves the quality of life.
The objective of this study is to assess medication adherence and health related quality of life in CKD patients.
A prospective observational study was conducted for 6 months at Indiana Hospital and Heart Institute, Mangalore. Total 100 participants diagnosed with CKD were enrolled for the study. Permission from the Ethical Committee was taken and informed consent was obtained from the study subjects before initiating the study. Demographic, clinical and treatment details were collected in a specially designed data collection forms. Patient’s adherence to the medication was assessed with the help of Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) and patient’s quality of life was assessed using Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SF). The data was expressed using descriptive statistics and analyzed using Chi square test, Mann Whitney test, and Spearman Correlation Statistics.
Out of 100 patients enrolled in the study, 63 were male and 37 were female. The average number of medicines taken in a day by each patient was 10. 12% of the study population was completely adherent to the drug therapy. BMQ had 3 domains in which 39% of the patients were adherent and 61% were non adherent to the Regimen screen, 68% were adherent and 32% were non adherent to the Belief screen, and 31% were adherent and 69% were non adherent to the Recall screen. High cost of medicine (69%), Complex dosing schedule (68%), and Unaware about seriousness of condition or use of medicine (63%) were most common reasons for Non-adherence. Using KDQOL questionnaire, mean scores for Dialysis staff encouragement (96.25±9.31) and Quality of social interaction (87.86±17.48) were high whereas Physical role (4.75±16.92) and Emotional role (13.03±31.44) were found to be low.
These results indicate that non adherence to medications leads to deteriorating quality of life and high therapeutic complexity.
Quercetin and Omega-3 fatty acid averts the deleterious effects of Cadmium on NO, NOS, anti-oxidants and MDA levels in rats
Authors: Gekpe C. G. , Chukwu John A O , Ofem O. E. 
Published: December 2023

Cadmium is a ubiquitous heavy metal and a toxic pollutant in the biosphere which has been implicated as one of the factors responsible for infertility. Infertility in animals is one of the most widespread problems with 48.5 million of the world population being infertile. This study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 and/or quercetin on cadmium- induced alterations in nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and anti-oxidants levels. 42 Wistar rats were assigned into 7 groups of 6 rats each and fed for 8 weeks with normal rat feed and drinking water. The treatment groups took either of cadmium chloride, omega-3 fatty acid and/or quercetin. The sham control groups 1 and 2 took olive oil (0/1mL/kg body wt. o.p) and DMSO (1mL/kg body wt. o.p) respectively. Serum was collected for measurement of the biochemical assay. Results obtained showed no significant differences were observed in all the parameters assayed between the sham control groups and the normal control. The LD50 for cadmium was 3.90mg/kg bw. Concentrations of NO, NOS reduced significantly in Cd groups compared with control, omega-3 and/or quercetin groups. SOD, CAT, GPx reduced significantly (p<0.05) while MDA increased significantly in Cd groups compared with control, omega-3 and/or quercetin groups. In conclusion, administration of quercetin or omega-3 ameliorates the adverse effects of Cd on NO, NOS, antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPx), and MDA levels. A combination of both quercetin and omega-3 produced a better ameliorating effect than when given singly.
Keywords: Cadmium, Omega-3, quercetin, NO, NOS, anti-oxidants, MDA, rats.
Effect of Ethanolic Fraction of Anogeissus Leiocarpa on Renal Function in Wistar Rat
Authors: KOUANGBE Mani Adrien , COULIBALY Ouolouho Seydou , DIBY Yao Bernard , N’GUESSAN Jean David 
Published: December 2023

Objective : This study investigated the effects of acute administration of ethanolic extract of Anogeissus leiocarpa on renal function in Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods : Wistar albino spawn and Anogeissus leiocarpa root bark were used as biological material for this study. The method employed was to administer single doses of ethanolic extract of Anogeissus leiocarpa root bark orally. Urine and blood samples were collected followed by measurement of renal markers (blood and urine urea and creatinine levels, urea and creatinine clearance).
Results: Serum urea and creatinine levels were unchanged compared with controls. In contrast, extract and furosemide caused a significant (p < 0.001), dose-dependent increase in urinary creatinine. Ethanolic extract of Anogeissus leiocarpa, at doses of 300 and 500 mg/kg bw, significantly increased creatinine and urea clearance and thus glomerular filtration rate.
Conclusion : Levels and clearances of urea and creatinine, kidney biomarkers, were not altered. This study shows that the extract is not nephrotoxic.
Keywords : Anogeissus leiocarpa, glomerular filtration rate, nephrotoxic, urea, creatinine
A Review of Different Approaches for Improving Curcumin Bioavailability
Authors: Joshi Saurabh D. , Chavan Rohankumar Rajaram , Jadhav Asha S. , Thorat Vishal H. , Gaikwad Kalyani V. 
Published: December 2023

The creation and development of herbal nanoparticles have moved to the forefront of nanoformulation research. Curcumin is the most essential bioactive component of curcuma longa, a plant that has been utilized in traditional medicine for centuries. This chemical contains therapeutic properties that can be utilized to prevent and treat a wide range of ailments. Curcumin has proven therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of a range of human ailments, however, it has a limited bioavailability, which appears to be due to poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and rapid systemic clearance. As a result, nanotechnology is a revolutionary concept that can be used to curcumin solubility, stability, and bioavailability issues. This review examines contemporary developments in chemical and pharmaceutical technologies, as well as the utilization of innovative materials for medical applications.
Keywords: Curcumin, Nanotechnology, Nanoformulation, Bioavailability
A systematic review of the analytical method identified phytomedicine and pharmacological potency of Rosa species with special attention on Rosa centifolia
Authors: Singh Khushbu , Kumar Vikas , Verma Amita , Gadkari Pooja 
Published: December 2023

Objective: Globally, Rosa species herbal plants are often used as a natural remedy to prevent and cure various health problems without or with minimal toxic effects. Rosa species are rich in bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and alkaloids. Phytomedicines are used to treat various diseases and disorders because of their clinical potency.
Material and method: The searches were performed using various databases, including PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed), Science Direct (http://www.sciencedirect.com/), Scopus (http://www.scopus.com/), and Google Scholar (http://www.scholar.google.com/).
Result: India is well known for its geographical diversity, a rich collection of medicinally active plants, and numerous traditional herbal drug treatment systems that are acknowledged as “living traditions”. However, there is no collective report on the significant Rosa species with respect to the recent advancement in clinically active plant investigation. Hence, the key effort of the present review work is to report the identified phytomedicine and pharmacological activity majorly used Rosa species that have grown in India and other countries throughout the world. This review was completed on the basis of a complete national and international literature survey.
Conclusion: In this review, we provide summarised and collective scientific information on the prominent Rosa species, used plant part, their extract, used analytical methods, biochemical and their respective medicinal activity to develop new ethnomedicine in the future.
Keywords: Rosa species, analytical method, biochemical, pharmacological activity
In silico pharmacological study of lacourtianal, a new terpenoid isolated from the stem bark of Chrysophyllum lacourtianum De Wild (Sapotaceae) against Alzheimer's disease
Authors: AMBAMBA AKAMBA Bruno Dupon , Piebeng Cicilien Quentin Nongni , Kenassi Merveille Brenda Nguemen , Ebouel Ferdinand Lanvin Edoun , Nanhah Jules Vidal Kamga , Ella Fils Armand , Ngoumen Dany Joël Ngassa , Talla Rostan Mangoua , Mandob Damaris Enyegue , Ngondi Judith 
Published: December 2023

Urgent need to treat, prevent, delay the onset, slow the progression and reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is dictated by the growing number of people affected by the disease. This research requires an in silico approach. The aim of this work was to carry out an in silico pharmacological study of lacourtianal, a new terpenoid against Alzheimer's disease. The structure of lacourtianal and reference drugs were drawn on chemdraw 2D. Energy minimization was performed using the molecular mechanics force field (MM2) and saved in the PDB using chemdraw 3D. The compound's Smiles format was entered into the pk-CSM web servers for ADME/Tox parameter prediction. Conformational site analysis and docking parameters such as binding energy, interaction profiles with AD target residues (AchE, BuchE, β-secretase and GSK-3β) were determined using AutoDock 4.2 and Discovery Studio visualizer. Lacourtianal is a valuable oral drug candidate. It crosses the Blood-brain barrier (BBB) and shows considerable docking scores for AD targets. These scores were higher for BuchE and β-secretase compared with reference compounds. It binds to residues Phe297, Phe 338 and Tyr31, Trp286 in the acyl pocket and peripheral site of AchE, respectively. Importantly, it establishes low-energy interactions (hydrogen and pi) with the His438 residue of the Butyrylcholinesterase catalytic triad. It also establishes favorable interactions with residues Tyr71 and Tyr216, which are residues controlling substrate accessibility to the active site of the BACE1 and GSK 3β enzymes respectively. These results show that lacourtianal has promising therapeutic potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Keywords: Lacourtianal, in silico, AchE, BuchE, β-secretase, GSK-3β and AD
Total flavonoid and polyphenol content of Tinospora crispa cultivated at highland region
Authors: Nugroho Reydo Evril , Puspitasari Renny Novi 
Published: December 2023

Background: Tinospora crispa (T. crispa) is herbaceous plant which commonly grows wild in tropical regions of South East Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. In Indonesia this plant is well known to be used as traditional medicine to treat gout, diabetes, hypertension, rheumatic, fever, and appetite stimulant. Researches worldwide indicated that T. crispa poses several pharmacological properties. One of those is the antioxidant activity, acting as free radical scavenger. The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidative properties of T. crispa by analyzing the total flavonoid and polyphenol content.
Methods: T. crispa was cultivated at 850 AMSL field in Materia Medica Batu. The plant was harvested by cutting 5 cm of old stem and dried in 50° C for 7 days. Powder was then made by using milling machine. The amount of 300 g powder was subsequently macerated to get T. crispa extract. Total flavonoid and polyphenol contents were determined by using spectrophotometry method.
Result: From 300 g T. crispa powder using maceration method gave liquid yield with 56 g weight and 18.66% rendement. Total flavonoid and polyphenol content was 0.04% ± [3.68%] (w/w) and 0.60% ± [0.8%] (w/w) respectively.
Conclusion: Despite low in concentration, flavonoid and polyphenol content was successfully determined from T. crispa. In the future free radical scavenging assay need to be conducted to understand better about the antioxidant activity of T. crispa.
Keywords: Tinospora crispa, Brotowali, Flavonoid, Polyphenol.
Management and Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: A therapeutical Approach
Authors: Sireesha Vankodoth , Abhiram Ch , Sneha Y , Mohiuddin Syed , Rama Rao Tadikonda 
Published: December 2023

A major worldwide health issue is the persistent transmission of the chronic form of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) from mothers to their unborn children (MTCT) during the perinatal period. In endemic areas, HBV infection occurs mainly during infancy and early childhood, with MTCT accounting for approximately half of the transmission routes of chronic HBV infections. Prevention of MTCT is an important step in reducing the global burden of chronic HBV. In addition to such considerations regarding the transmission of HBV to the child, the combination of HBV infection and pregnancy raises several unique management issues. Up to 9% of newborns still acquire HBV infection, especially from mothers who have the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), despite routine passive-active immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and the hepatitis B vaccine. The failure of passive-active immunoprophylaxis in newborns, the impact and requirement of routine hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) injections to mothers, the safety of antiviral prophylaxis, and the safety of nursing are some of the complications associated with managing HBV infection throughout pregnancy. Chronic HBV infection during pregnancy is usually but may flare after delivery. These unresolved issues are highlighted in this review and we aim to an optimal approach to the management of preventing MTCT of HBV infection.
Keywords: Hepatitis B, perinatal period transmission, immunoprophylaxis, breastfeeding, viremia.
Eksplorasi Cendawan Kontaminan Pada Umbi Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Varietas Lokal Palu Pascapanen
Authors: Umrah Umrah , Firdasari Firdasari , Mutmainah Mutmainah 
Published: December 2023

Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) merupakan komoditas sayuran yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi dan telah dibudidayakan di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia. Salah satu provinsi yang menjadi sentra budidaya adalah Sulawesi Tengah. Cendawan kontaminan pada Bawang merah dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil, penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas bawang merah yang berpengaruh pada nilai jual. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui cendawan kontaminan yang ditemukan pada umbi bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) varietas lokal Palu pasca panen. Penelitian terdiri dari penyediaan sampel umbi bawang merah, sterilisasi alat yang digunakan, pembuatan, sterilisasi dan penuangan media PDA, isolasi cendawan dari umbi bawang merah, pemurnian isolat cendawan dan identifikasi cendawan kontaminan. Pengambilan umbi bawang merah dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2020 dengan menggunakan metode stratified random sampling. Isolasi cendawan dilakukan dengan metode penanaman langsung pada media PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) dan diidenifikasi berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Hasil penelitian pada tahap isolasi menghasilkan 11 isolat yang termasuk ke dalam 3 spesies cendawan terdiri dari Aspergillus niger, Mucor sp, dan Alternaria alternata, ketiga spesies cendawan tersebut merupakan jenis cendawan yang pernah ditemukan pada umbi bawang merah pasca panen
Perbandingan Pertambahan Bobot Badan Kambing Kacang Betina yang Terpapar dan Tidak Terpapar Matahari
Authors: Sagaf Sagaf , Latasiki Mustakim AW. , Padang Padang 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbandingan pertambahan bobot badan kambing kacang betina yang terpapar dan tidak terpapar matahari. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di kandang CV. Prima BREED Kelurahan Tondo, Kecamatan Mantikulore, Kota Palu, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah yang berlangsung dari bulan Juni sampai bulan Agustus 2021. Materi yang digunakan yaitu ternak kambing kacang betina 10–12 bulan sebanyak 9 ekor. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistik Uji-t. Perlakuan yang dicobakan yaitu terpapar matahari selama 2 jam (jam 11.00 sampai jam 13.00 WITA, P1)) dan tidak terpapar matahari (P2). Kandang yang digunakan terdiri atas dua kandang utama yaitu kandang beratap terpal yang bisa dibuka tutup dan kandang beratap seng yang terpasang secara paten. Panicum sarmentosum Roxb diberikan secara ad-libitum pada ternak percobaan sebagai sumber pakan hijauan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi bahan kering pakan dan efisiensi penggunaan pakan.
Performance of Some Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina) Cultivars in Mid-hill Condition of Kullu Valley, Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Thakur Disha , Thakur Kiran , Thakur Manish , Negi Ajender , Rimpika  , Rimpika  , Kumar Vijay 
Published: December 2023

A study was conducted during February to July, 2020 and 2021 at the Horticultural Research Station Seobagh, Himachal Pradesh, India to evaluate various attributes of plum under the mid-hill temperate zone. Ten plum cultivars Red Beaut, Au Rosa, Au Amber, Satluj Purple, Kala Amritsari, Shiro, Frontier, Mariposa, Black Amber, Queen Rosa, and Angeleno grafted on wild apricot were evaluated alongside with numerous standards in a high-density experimental orchard, and these types were compared with the “Santa Rosa” variety as a control. According to the findings, Red Beaut ripened first whereas the cultivar Mariposa took 150 days from flowering to harvest, making it the last to be picked. The cv. Au Rosa had the largest trunk girth (44 cm), cv. Mariposa likewise had the longest shoots, measuring 180 cm, cv. Frontier had the highest fruit output per tree (145 kg), closely followed by the cv. Black Amber (140 kg) which also has maximum fruit size (5.4 cm), and weight (130 g). The cv. Frontier (14.1°B) showed the highest TSS, followed by the cv. Mariposa (14.0°B), while the cv. Kala Amritsari showed the lowest TSS. The plum cultivar Kala Amritsari displayed the highest fruit acidity, at 2.3%. Due to their ability to extend the repining period from May through August, the plum cultivars Red Beaut, Frointer, Mariposa, and Black Amber were found to be appropriate for commercial cultivation in Himachal Pradesh.
UJI ANTI VIRUS SENYAWA ETIL 4-(3,5-DIMETILFENIL)-6-METIL-2-OKSO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHIDROPIRIMIDIN-5-KARBOKSILAT DENGAN MODEL NEWCASTLE DISEASE
Authors: Fatkhurohman Muhammad Reza , Saifudin Azis 
Published: December 2023

Penemuan senyawa baru penuntun antivirus diperlukan untuk mengantisipasi munculnya penyakit-penyakit baru yang disebabkan oleh virus varian baru. Dihidropirimidinon (DHMPs) dengan gugus inti cincin pirimidin, dilambangkan sebagai senyawa Biginelli dengan aktivitas farmakologis yang memiliki efektivitas tinggi. Aktivitas yang dimiliki diantaranya antibakteri, antivirus, antitumor, antiinflamasi dan antioksidan. Newcastle Disease adalah virus yang termasuk dalam famili paramyxoviridae, genus Para-myxovirus. Pada manusia, virus ini menyebabkan suatu peradangan konjungtiva. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana aktivitas antivirus senyawa Etil 4-(3,5-dimetilfenil)-6-metil-2-okso-1,2,3,4-tetrahidropirimidin-5-karboksilat. Penelitian ini menggunakan telur ayam KUB berusia 9-11 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan ruang allantonis yang berisi cairan alantonis yang terus diproduksi seiring perkembangan embrio. Pengamatan penghambatan virus menggunakan uji Hemaglutinasi. Perhitungan persentase penghambatan didapatkan pada kelompok kontrol menunjukkan hasil 0%, pada kelompok 1 (1 µg/mL) adalah 0%, kelompok 2 (10 µg/mL) 92,3% dan kelompok 3 (100 µg/mL) adalah 99,6%. Data yang didapat menunjukkan hasil yang linear, peningkatan pemberian konsentrasi senyawa menyebabkan peningkatan persen penghambatan yang tinggi pula.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL Plumeria alba L. DAN Plumeria rubra L. TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli
Authors: Nuryanti Yulia Dwi , Haryoto Haryoto 
Published: December 2023

Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri penyebab berbagai penyakit kulit dan keracunan makanan , sedangkan Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri penyebab diare. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol kulit cabang, daun, bunga kamboja putih (Plumeria alba L.) dan kamboja merah (Plumeria rubra L.) disebabkan karena kandungan metabolit sekunder yaitu flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, steroid, polifenol dan saponin.Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dan mengidentifikasi kandungan metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak etanol kulit cabang, daun, bunga kamboja putih (Plumeria alba L.) dan kamboja merah (Plumeria rubra L.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Pembuatan ekstrak etanol dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% (perbandingan 1:10 w/v). Metode Kirby Bauer merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil uji menunjukkan diameter zona hambat ekstrak etanol kulit cabang, daun, bunga Plumeria alba L. dengan konsentrasi 50% terhadap Escherichia coli lebih tinggi dibandingkan Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil dari penelitian ini daun Plumeria rubra L. terhadap Staphylococcus aureus memiliki zona hambat paling besar diantara bagian tanaman yang lain yaitu 10,38 mm. Kulit cabang Plumeria rubra L. dan bunga Plumeria alba L. memiliki zona hambat sebesar 9,38 mm. Hasil skrining fitokimia dari kedua simplisia mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan polifenol, kedua simplisia tersebut tidak mengandung senyawa terpenoid, steroid dan flavonoid. Bagian daun dan bunga Plumeria alba L. tidak mengandung senyawa saponin.