bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of the proposed bevacizumab biosimilar BAT1706 compared with reference bevacizumab in patients with advanced nonsquamous non‐small cell lung cancer: A randomized, double‐blind, phase III study
Authors: Chen Likun , Rangel Jose David Gomez , Cil Timucin , Li Xingya , Cicin Irfan , Shen Yihong , Liu Zhihua , Ozyilkan Ozgur , Igor Bondarenko , Chen Jun , Oleksandr Kostiuk , Chen Zhendong , Zhang Helong , Fu Ziyi , Dong Qingfeng , Song Shuqiang , Yu Jin‐Chen , Zhang Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundBAT1706 is a proposed biosimilar of bevacizumab (Avastin®). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of BAT1706 with that of EU‐sourced reference bevacizumab (EU‐bevacizumab) in patients with advanced nonsquamous non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsPatients were randomized 1:1 to BAT1706 plus paclitaxel and carboplatin (BAT1706 arm) or EU‐bevacizumab plus paclitaxel and carboplatin (EU‐bevacizumab arm) given every 3 weeks for six cycles, followed by maintenance therapy with BAT1706 or EU‐bevacizumab. The primary endpoint was overall response rate at week 18 (ORR18). Clinical equivalence was demonstrated if the 90% confidence interval (CI) of the BAT1706:EU‐bevacizumab ORR18 risk ratio was contained within the predefined equivalence margins of 0.75–1.33 (China National Medical Products Administration requirements), or 0.73–1.36 (US Food and Drug Administration), or if the 95% CI of the ORR18 risk difference between treatments was contained within the predefined equivalence margin of −0.12 to 0.15 (EMA requirements).ResultsIn total, 649 randomized patients (BAT1706, n = 325; EU‐bevacizumab, n = 324) received at least one cycle of combination treatment. The ORR18 was comparable between the BAT1706 and EU‐bevacizumab arms (48.0% and 44.5%, respectively). The ORR18 risk ratio of 1.08 (90% CI: 0.94–1.24) and the ORR18 risk difference of 0.03 (95% CI: −0.04 to 0.11) were within the predefined equivalence margins, demonstrating the biosimilarity of BAT1706 and EU‐bevacizumab. The safety profile of BAT1706 was consistent with that of EU‐bevacizumab and no new safety signals were observed.ConclusionIn patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC, BAT1706 demonstrated clinical equivalence to EU‐bevacizumab in terms of efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity.
The clinical features and prognostic implications of PTPN11 mutation in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia in China
Authors: Yang Jinjun , Zhao Lei , Wu Yu , Niu Ting , Gong Yuping , Chen Xinchuan , Huang Xiaoou , Liu Jiazhuo , Dai Yang , Ma Hongbing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical significance of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 11 mutation (PTPN11mut) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is underestimated.MethodsWe collected the data of AML patients with mutated PTPN11 and wild‐type PTPN11 (PTPN11wt) treated at our hospital and analyzed their clinical characteristics and prognosis.ResultsFifty‐nine PTPN11mut and 124 PTPN11wt AML patients were included. PTPN11mut was more common in myelomonocytic and monocytic leukemia, and was more likely to co‐mutate with KRAS, KMT2C, NRAS, U2AF1, NOTCH1, IKZF1, and USH2A mutations than PTPN11wt. The overall survival for AML patients with PTPN11mut was significantly shorter than that for those with PTPN11wt (p = 0.03). The negative impact of PTPN11mut on overall survival was pronounced in the “favorable” and “intermediate” groups of ELN2017 risk stratification, as well as in the wild‐type NPM1 group (p = 0.01, p = 0.01, and p = 0.04).ConclusionPTPN11mut is associated with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics, and adverse prognosis in AML patients.
Cuing disparities: The consequences of race‐based social stressors for academic achievement
Authors: Green Dorainne J. , Kroeper Kathryn M. , Murphy Mary C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderrepresented racially and ethnically minoritized (URM) students contend with individual‐level race‐based stressors in college, like racialized discrimination and microaggressions. In this study, we consider whether URM students' perceptions of racial inequity on campus—a context‐level race‐based stressor—trigger adverse psychological and physical stress responses that, in turn, undermine academic achievement. Using a sample of 781 science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) students, we found in a longitudinal study that URM students report perceiving more inequality on campus compared with White and Asian students. Greater perceived inequality was, in turn, associated with increased psychological and physical stress responses, which, in some cases, predicted lower grades. Promoting more equitable college environments, therefore, may help attenuate inequalities in stress responses, ultimately, enhancing academic achievement. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Photocatalytic Release of Bioactive Agents for Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Zheng Shaoqiu , He Kewu , Chen Dianfeng , Hu Jinming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhotocatalysis has recently emerged as a unique and robust tool for tackling challenges in research areas spacing from chemical processes (synthesis, energy storage, et al.) to biomedical applications (phototherapy, drug delivery, et al.). In particular, the use of a photocatalyst to control and/or trigger the release of bioactive agents in biological systems has attracted increasing attention because the non‐invasive characteristics and precise spatiotemporal control associated with light offers a unique solution to challenges in conventional local delivery of bioactive agents. This review summarizes the design principles of novel photocatalysts and photocatalytic processes that are suitable for long‐wavelength light activation, as well as the recent development in photocatalytic release of bioagents with a focus on gasotransmitters, drugs, and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Appropriate time for ejection fraction reassessment after revascularization in patients with left ventricular dysfunction for risk stratification of sudden cardiac death
Authors: Wang Shaoping , Lyu Yi , Cheng Shujuan , Wu Zheng , Li Shiying , Zheng Ze , Gu Xiaoyan , Li Jinhua , Liu Jinghua , Borah Bijan J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAppropriate time for ejection fraction (EF) reassessment after revascularization in patients with left ventricular dysfunction has not been investigated comprehensively, although 3 months after revascularization is recommended to stratify the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).HypothesisEF reassessed within different timeframe after revascularization may have incosistent contribution for risk stratification of SCD.MethodsPatients who had EF ≤ 40% before revascularization and had EF reassessment at least once during follow‐up were included. The role of early (<3 months) versus late (3–12 months) EF measurements in prediction of all‐cause mortality and SCD were compared.ResultsA total of 1589 patients were identified. EF reassessed <3 months was lower than EF reassessed within 3–12 months (42.1 ± 9.7% vs. 45.8 ± 10.8%; p < .01). Among 1069 patients who had EF reassessed <3 months, EF ≤ 35% was associated with a higher risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22–2.29; p < .01), but had no association with the risk of SCD (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 0.84–2.48; p = .18). By contrast, among 595 patients who had EF reassessed within 3–12 months, EF ≤ 35% was associated with higher risks of both all‐cause death (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.06–3.10; p = .03) and SCD (HR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.31–5.61; p < .01). The relative contribution of SCD to all‐cause death was higher in patients with EF ≤ 35% than patients with EF > 35% when EF was reassessed within 3–12 months (p = .04). However, when EF was reassessed <3 months, the mode of death was similar in patients with EF ≤ 35% versus >35% (p = .85).Conclusions3 to 12 months after revascularization may be appropriate for cardiac function reassessment and SCD risk stratification.
Population Pharmacokinetic Model of N‐Acetylcysteine During Periods of Recurrent Hypoglycemia in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Fayed Mohamed S. , Brooks Jillian , Seaquist Elizabeth R. , Kumar Anjali , Moheet Amir , Eberly Lynn , Mishra Usha , Coles Lisa D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecurrent hypoglycemia leads to impaired awareness of hypoglycemia where the blood glucose threshold that elicits the counterregulatory response is lowered. Hypoglycemia‐induced oxidative stress is hypothesized to contribute to impaired awareness of hypoglycemia development and hypoglycemia‐associated autonomic failure. Our group conducted a randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, crossover study in healthy individuals undergoing experimentally induced recurrent hypoglycemia to evaluate the impact of intravenous N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) during experimental hypoglycemia to preserve the counterregulatory response to subsequent hypoglycemia. The work presented herein aimed to characterize the NAC pharmacokinetics and its effects on oxidative stress. Whole blood and plasma samples were collected at specified time points during separate NAC and placebo infusions from 10 healthy volunteers. Samples were analyzed for NAC, cysteine, and glutathione (GSH) concentrations. A 2‐compartment population NAC pharmacokinetic model was developed. Estimates for central compartment clearance and volume of distribution were 19.8 L/h, and 12.2 L, respectively, for a 70‐kg person. Peripheral compartment clearance and volume of distribution estimates were 34.9 L/h and 13.1 L, respectively, for a 70‐kg person. The PK parameters estimated here were different from those reported in the literature, suggesting a higher NAC clearance during hypoglycemic episodes. NAC leads to a significant increase in circulating cysteine concentration in a NAC concentration‐dependent manner, suggesting rapid biotransformation. A transient decrease in plasma GSH was observed, supporting the hypothesis that NAC can act as a reducing agent displacing glutathione from the disulfide bond allowing for increased clearance and/or distribution of GSH.
A Curious Case of Two‐Photon Absorption in n‐Helicene and n‐Phenylene, n=6–10: Why n=7 is Different?
Authors: Tejendra Banana , Rajput Swati Singh , Alam M. Mehboob 
Published: November 2023

Abstractn‐Helicenes and n‐Phenylenes are interesting examples of twisted molecules, where although the atoms are connected through conjugated
‐bonds, the
‐conjugation is largely hindered by the twisted nature of the bonds. Such structures provide a unique opportunity to study the effect of twisted
‐system on non‐linear optical properties. In this work, we studied the two‐photon absorption in donor‐acceptor substituted n‐helicenes and n‐phenylenes employing the state‐of‐the‐art RI‐CC2 method and reported a unique feature we observed in n=7 systems. We found that both 7‐helicene and 7‐phenylene systems exhibit largest two‐photon absorption than other members in their respective classes. Furthermore, using generalized few‐state model, we provided a detailed microscopic mechanism of this unique observation involving participation of different transition dipole moment vectors and their relative orientations.
Impacts of habitat connectivity on grassland arthropod metacommunity structure: A field‐based experimental test of theory
Authors: Bertellotti Franklin , Sommer Nathalie R. , Schmitz Oswald J. , McCary Matthew A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetacommunity theory has advanced scientific understanding of how species interactions and spatial processes influence patterns of biodiversity and community structure across landscapes. While the central tenets of metacommunity theory have been promoted as pivotal considerations for conservation management, few field experiments have tested the validity of metacommunity predictions. Here, we tested one key prediction of metacommunity theory—that decreasing habitat connectivity should erode metacommunity structure by hindering species movement between patches. For 2 years, we manipulated an experimental old‐field grassland ecosystem via mowing to represent four levels of habitat connectivity: (1) open control, (2) full connectivity, (3) partial connectivity, and (4) no connectivity. Within each treatment plot (10 × 10 m, n = 4 replicates), we measured the abundance and diversity (i.e., alpha and beta) of both flying and ground arthropods using sticky and pitfall traps, respectively. We found that the abundance and diversity of highly mobile flying arthropods were unaffected by habitat connectivity, whereas less mobile ground arthropods were highly impacted. The mean total abundance of ground arthropods was 2.5× and 2× higher in the control and partially connected plots compared to isolated patches, respectively. We also reveal that habitat connectivity affected the trophic interactions of ground arthropods, with predators (e.g., wolf spiders, ground spiders) being highly positively correlated with micro‐detritivores (springtails, mites) but not macro‐detritivores (millipedes, isopods) as habitat connectivity increased. Together these findings indicate that changes in habitat connectivity can alter the metacommunity structure for less mobile organisms such as ground arthropods. Because of their essential roles in terrestrial ecosystem functioning and services, we recommend that conservationists, restoration practitioners, and land managers include principles of habitat connectivity for ground arthropods when designing biodiversity management programs.
5‐N,N‐Diarylaminothiazoles with Electron‐Accepting Groups: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Their Application for the Detection of Hydrazine Hydrate
Authors: Murai Toshiaki , Tanaka Nozomi , Takekoshi Kazuma , Hoshaku Mai , Minoura Mao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract5‐N,N‐diarylaminothiazoles containing cyano and nitro groups were synthesized using the Pd‐catalyzed Buchwald‐Hartwig amination reaction with good yields. The cyano group in the resultant thiazole was reduced to a formyl group. This was then subjected to the Knoevenagel condensation reaction, leading to the formation of thiazoles with a dicyanovinyl group. The nitro group in the thiazole was reduced to an amino group, which was subsequently reacted with triphosgene, yielding a thiazole with an isocyanate group. These thiazoles, with their electron‐accepting properties, demonstrated absorption and emission spectra at longer wavelengths. Notably, the thiazole containing the dicyanovinyl group displayed a red emission. Tests for the detection of hydrazine, a hazardous volatile organic compound, were conducted using the synthesized thiazoles. The results showed that the dicyanovinyl group effectively responded to hydrazine hydrate, evidenced by changes in the absorption and emission spectra. This change in color was also visibly detectable to the naked eye.
Fixative effect of 2‐oxo‐2‐phenylacetates in fine fragrance and eau‐de‐toilette applications
Authors: Berthier Damien L. , Girard Jérôme , Fromm Katharina M. , Herrmann Andreas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe evaporation of fragrances with volatilities spanning over several orders of magnitude results in a shift of the olfactive impression of a perfume over time. Fixatives have repeatedly been used to slow fragrance evaporation in multiple perfumery applications. We developed a simple and reliable method to measure the evaporation kinetics of individual fragrances in a model perfume and analysed the fixative effect of 2‐oxo‐2‐phenylacetates (α‐ketoesters) on perfume evaporation. 2‐Oxo‐2‐phenylacetates, some of which have been described as light‐sensitive profragrances, are commercially available or readily prepared by esterification or transesterification of commercial starting materials. (−)‐Menthyl 2‐oxo‐2‐phenylacetate afforded single crystals that were suitable for X‐ray crystal structure analysis. 2‐Oxo‐2‐phenylacetates were found to have a fixative effect on the evaporation of fragrances with volatilities below 5000 μg L−1 in fine fragrance and eau‐de‐toilette applications. The molecular structure of the compound rather than its molecular weight had an impact on the fixative effect to some extent.
(No) time to be healthy: Optimal policy with time and monetary investments in health
Authors: Klimaviciute Justina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTime is often an important ingredient of a healthy lifestyle. Starting from this observation, this paper studies optimal public policy concerned with promoting healthy choices taking into account both monetary and time investments in health. Individuals tend to underestimate the importance of their health while making decisions, which makes their investments too low compared to the first‐best. While the decentralization of the first‐best requires personalized subsidies on both time and monetary investments, this may be problematic due to informational issues. In a second‐best world where individual productivities and time investments are publicly unobservable, whereas monetary investments are observable in an anonymous way, the paper considers a policy with a non‐linear income tax and a linear subsidy on monetary health investments. If there are no incentive concerns, all other things equal, monetary investments complementary (substitutable) to time investments should be subsidized more (less) than those independent of time use. The addition of incentive concerns demonstrates that optimal subsidization of monetary health investments is less straightforward than one might think. Overall, the time ingredient in the production of health does play a role in the optimal policy design, affecting not only the subsidy on monetary health investments but also the income taxation.
Targeting TP53 disruption in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Current strategies and future directions
Authors: Molica Stefano , Tam Constantine , Allsup David , Polliack Aaron 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the modern era of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) targeted therapy, the loss of p53 function due to genetic abnormalities remains a significant challenge. This is because even targeted agents, which are currently the mainstay of treatment for CLL, do not directly target p53 or restore its disrupted pathway. Consequently, resistance to therapy and unfavorable clinical outcomes often accompany these p53‐related abnormalities. An essential goal of future clinical research should be to address the ostensibly “undruggable” p53 pathway. Currently, multiple therapeutic approaches are being explored to tackle TP53 dysfunction and improve outcomes in high‐risk CLL. These approaches include the use of oncoprotein murine double minute 2 inhibitors, small‐molecule p53 reactivators, exportin 1 (XPO1) inhibitors, and ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated and Rad3‐related (ATR) inhibitors. Combinations of these p53‐targeting strategies, along with established novel therapies such as B‐cell receptor or B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (BCL‐2) inhibitors, may shape the future of therapeutic trials in this challenging‐to‐treat disease.
The multiple‐stimulus‐without‐replacement preference assessment tool and its predictive validity
Authors: Curiel Hugo , Curiel Emily S. L. , Villanueva Santos , Ayala Carlos Eduardo Garza , Cadigan Alexander S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study demonstrates the use of two web‐based programs, one to identify video preferences and the other to assess their reinforcing effects. We used the Multiple‐Stimulus‐Without‐Replacement Preference Assessment Tool (MSWO PAT) to identify the video preference hierarchies of seven participants, ages 4–11 years old. We then used a customized reinforcer assessment program that arranged a concurrent‐chains preparation with programmed conjugate schedules of reinforcement. Button presses emitted by participants modulated the quality (volume and opacity) of selected videos on a moment‐to‐moment basis, allowing us to identify the reinforcing effects of the videos in little time. The results showed that the preference assessment had predictive value for five of seven participants. We discuss the MSWO PAT, parameters that may affect the identification of preferences and the use of conjugate schedules to identify reinforcers.
Changes in Vertebral Bone Density and Paraspinal Muscle Morphology Following Spaceflight and 1 Year Readaptation on Earth
Authors: Coulombe Jennifer C. , Johannesdottir Fjola , Burkhart Katelyn A. , Brummer Henriette , Allaire Brett T. , Bouxsein Mary L. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTAstronauts have an increased risk of back pain and disc herniation upon returning to Earth. Thus, it is imperative to understand the effects of spaceflight and readaptation to gravity on the musculoskeletal tissues of the spine. Here we investigated whether ~6 months of spaceflight led to regional differences in bone loss within the vertebral body. Additionally, we evaluated the relationships between vertebral bone density and paraspinal muscle morphology before flight, after flight, and after readaptation on Earth. We measured vertebral trabecular bone mineral density (Tb.BMD), paraspinal muscle cross‐sectional area (CSA), and muscle density in 17 astronauts using computed tomography (CT) images of the lumbar spine obtained before flight (before flight, n = 17), after flight (spaceflight, n = 17), and ~12 months of readaptation to gravitational loading on Earth (follow‐up, n = 15). Spaceflight‐induced declines in Tb.BMD were greater in the superior region of the vertebral body (−6.7%) than the inferior (−3.1%, p = 0.052 versus superior region) and transverse regions (−4.3%, p = 0.057 versus superior region). After a year of readaptation to Earth's gravity, Tb.BMD in the transverse region remained significantly below preflight levels (−4.66%, p = 0.0094). Paraspinal muscle CSA and muscle density declined −1.0% (p = 0.005) and −0.83% (p = 0.001) per month of spaceflight, respectively. Ultimately, bone loss in the superior vertebral body, along with fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles and incomplete recovery even after a year of readaptation on Earth, may contribute to spinal pathology in long‐duration astronauts. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Does the Ind AS moderate the relationship between capital structure and firm performance?
Authors: M N Nikhil , Shenoy Sandeep S. , Chakraborty Suman , B M Lithin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn line with the wide implementation of IFRS around the globe, the significant shift in the Indian accounting system appertained to the Ind AS is expected to have a substantial impact on the firm‐level information environment. Nevertheless, the question of whether the adoption of such standards moderates the relationship between leverage and firm performance remains unanswered. In this backdrop, we aim to close this research gap employing 3120 firm‐year observations from 401 Indian non‐financial firms for a period from 2013 to 2022. Notably, we found that the leverage among Indian firms discourages profitability. Further, the adoption of Ind AS negatively moderates the leverage and firm performance association. The findings suggest that the enhanced transparency and the firm's reporting quality dissuade risk‐averse investors from investing in highly levered companies. As a result, investors avoid risky investments, and firms must strive to foster their trust and motivation. The conclusion of the present research draws significant implications for management and policymakers while also contributing to the ongoing debate on capital structure and firm performance.