bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE OF THE GENES FOR RIBULOSE‐1,5‐BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE/OXYGENASE LARGE SUBUNIT AND RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S14 FROM A CHLORELLA‐LIKE GREEN ALGA1
Authors: Amberg Sean M. , Meints Russel H. 
Published: October 2004

ABSTRACTTwo chloroplast genes were sequenced from an exsymbiotic strain of a eukaryotic, Chlorella‐like green alga. The genes for the large subunit of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) and the ribosomal protein S14 (rps14) were oriented in the same direction and were separated by 402 bp. The rbcLs of the exsymbiont and a free living Chlorella ellipsoidea were compared with other reported rbcL sequences. The rbcL gene of the exsymbiont is closely related to that of free‐living Chlorella ellipsoidea. This is the first published report of an rps 14 gene sequence from an alga.
NEW ENDOLITHIC CYANOBACTERIA FROM THE ARABIAN GULF. I.HYELLA IMMANISSP. NOV.1
Authors: Al‐Thukair Assad A. , Golubic Stjepko 
Published: October 2004

ABSTRACTHyella immanis, a new species of endolithic cyanobacterium that penetrates carbonate ooid sand grains in the Arabian/Persian Gulf, is formally described. Natural populations of the new taxon were sampled in moving ooid shoals at four locations along the east coast of Saudi Arabia, together with seven other endolithic taxa. The new species was isolated, and its properties were studied under experimental conditions. Small reproductive cells (baeocytes) exhibited positively phototactic gliding motility following release. In culture they grew into colonies forming isodiametric packages (prevalent on agar) and distinct pseudofilaments (prevalent in liquid culture). Carbonate penetration of the cultured strain in liquid culture proceeded at a rate of up to 10 μ· d−1. Agitation of cultures with magnetic stirrers enhanced the frequency of borings and the initial boring rates, but it had no effect on the continuing boring activity. A fossil counterpart of the new species was identified in Upper Proterozoic (700–800 million years old) silicified oolitic and pisolitic rocks of East Greenland.
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN STEPHANODISCUS NIAGARAE (BACILLARIOPHYTA)1
Authors: Edlund Mark B. , Stoermer Eugene F. 
Published: October 2004

ABSTRACTWe observed sexual reproduction in a clonal culture of Stephanodiscus niagarae Ehrenb. and used light and scanning electron microscopy to absent flagellated male cells, auxospore growth, initial valve structure and production, and subsequent daughter cell division. Free auxospores were spherical and nonsiliceous throughout growth, producing hemispherical initial valves devoid of spines and with nonfasciculate striae. Pregametangial cells averaged 43% of the diameter of the daughter cell population and were 1/9 the biovolume of initial, cells. This paper is the first confirmed report of sexual reproduction in S. niagarae, although it appears that specimens of Actinocyclus niagarae H. L. Smith, described from Lake Erie in 1878, are actually initial valves of S. niagarae.
Evaluation of an injection depot formulation of buprenorphine: placebo comparison
Authors: Sigmon Stacey C. , Wong Conrad J. , Chausmer Allison L. , Liebson Ira A. , Bigelow George E. 
Published: October 2004

ABSTRACTAims  Buprenorphine is a mu‐opioid partial agonist that is marketed in a sublingual formulation as a treatment for opioid dependence. A microcapsule depot sustained‐release formulation has been developed which may offer effective treatment  of  opioid  dependence  while  also  minimizing  risks  of  illicit  diversion or patient non‐compliance. The present study examined the efficacy of depot buprenorphine in suppressing the opioid withdrawal syndrome and in attenuating the effects of exogenous opioid challenge.Design  A placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, randomized trial.Setting  A closed residential research facility.Participants  A total of 15 opioid‐dependent participants were enrolled into the 6‐week study.Intervention  Fifteen participants were randomized to receive a single subcutaneous depot injection containing buprenorphine (58 mg) or placebo. Two participants, both of whom received placebo, terminated participation after depot administration. Thirteen participants (six buprenorphine, seven placebo) completed the 6‐week study and were assessed throughout the study for signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal and for response to weekly subcutaneous challenges with 3 mg hydromorphone.Measurement  Subjective, physiological and observer‐rated indices of opioid withdrawal and opioid agonist effects.Findings  Depot buprenorphine provided more effective relief from opioid withdrawal than placebo, as evidenced by significantly fewer buprenorphine participants requiring supplemental medications for withdrawal suppression after depot administration compared to participants receiving placebo. In the weekly hydromorphone challenge sessions, depot buprenorphine significantly reduced opioid response on measures of subjective effects and pupillary diameter.Conclusions  Results from this double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study indicate that depot buprenorphine is effective in providing both withdrawal suppression and opioid blockade. Future studies examining additional doses and repeated dosing regimens with depot buprenorphine are warranted.
Point mutations of 3BP2 identified in human‐inherited disease cherubism result in the loss of function
Authors: Miah S. M. Shahjahan , Hatani Tomoko , Qu Xiujuan , Yamamura Hirohei , Sada Kiyonao 
Published: October 2004

Adaptor protein 3BP2 positively regulates the high affinity IgE receptor (FcɛRI)‐mediated activation of degranulation in mast cells. Genetic study identified the point mutations of 3BP2 gene in human‐inherited disease cherubism. The multiple cysts in cherubism lesion of jaw bones are filled with the activated osteoclasts and stromal cells, including mast cells. By over‐expression study using rat basophilic leukaemia RBL‐2H3 mast cells, we have analysed the effect of the point mutations on the function of 3BP2 protein, which plays a positive regulatory role on FcɛRI‐mediated mast cell activation. Over‐expression of 3BP2 mutants suppressed the antigen‐induced degranulation and cytokine gene transcription. Antigen‐induced phosphorylation of Vav1, activation of Rac1, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase (IKK) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) were all impaired in the cells over‐expressing the cherubism mutants of 3BP2. Furthermore, cherubism mutations of 3BP2 may abrogate the binding ability to interact with chaperone protein 14‐3‐3. These results demonstrate that over‐expression of the mutant form of 3BP2 inhibits the antigen‐induced mast cell activation. It suggests that point mutations of 3BP2 gene cause the dysfunction of 3BP2 in vivo.
An interactive gene network for securin‐separase, condensin, cohesin, Dis1/Mtc1 and histones constructed by mass transformation
Authors: Yuasa Tatsuro , Hayashi Takeshi , Ikai Nobuyasu , Katayama Toshiaki , Aoki Keita , Obara Takayuki , Toyoda Yusuke , Maruyama Takeshi , Kitagawa Daisuke , Takahashi Kohta , Nagao Koji , Nakaseko Yukinobu , Yanagida Mitsuhiro 
Published: October 2004

The small genome of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe contains 4824 predicted genes and gene disruption suggests that ∼850 are essential for viability. To obtain information on interactions among genes required for chromosome segregation, an approach called Strategy B was taken using mass transformation of the 1015 temperature‐sensitive (ts) mutants that were made by random mutagenesis and transformed by plasmids carrying the genes for securin, separase, condensin, cohesin, kinetochore microtubule‐binding proteins Dis1/Mtc1 or histones. Mutant strains whose phenotypes were either suppressed or inhibited by plasmids were selected. Each plasmid interacted positively or negatively with the average 14 strains. Identification of the mutant gene products by cloning revealed many hitherto unknown interactions. The interactive networks of segregation therefore may consist of genes with a variety of functions. For example, separase/Cut1 interacts with Cdc48/p97/VCP, which stabilizes securin and separase. Surprisingly, S. pombe cdc48 mutants displayed the mitotic phenotype highly similar to separase/cut1 mutants. This approach also provides a novel way of mutant isolation, resulting in two histone H2B strains and a cohesion mutant with a new phenotype.
Evaluation of the AQUARAPID‐Va, AQUAEIA‐Va and dot‐blot assays for the detection of Vibrio anguillarum in fish tissues
Authors: Gonzalez S F , Osorio C R , Santos Y 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe comparative accuracy of the serological assays AQUARAPID‐Va, AQUAEIA‐Va (BIONOR AS), and dot‐blot for a rapid diagnosis of vibriosis in fish was evaluated. Twenty‐one Vibrio anguillarum strains, representative of pathogenic and environmental serotypes, and 13 strains of other fish pathogenic bacteria were used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the detection methods. The serological assays tested detected all the strains of V. anguillarum serotypes O1 and O2. The dot‐blot assay was the most specific and sensitive method, detecting almost all isolates from serotypes O1, O2 and O3, with an average sensitivity of 1 × 106 bacteria g−1 of fish tissue. The AQUARAPID‐Va and the AQUAEIA‐Va systems were able to detect 5 × 106 and 5 × 107 bacteria g−1 of fish tissue, respectively. The simplicity, effectiveness and speed of the AQUARAPID‐Va system confirmed this method as the most suitable serological test for the detection of V. anguillarum in field analysis and small‐scale laboratory studies.
Experimental infection of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), by Moritella viscosa, vaccination effort and vaccine‐induced side‐effects
Authors: Björnsdóttir B , Gudmundsdóttir S , Bambir S H , Magnadóttir B , Gudmundsdóttir B K 
Published: October 2004

Abstract Moritella viscosa is the causative agent of winter ulcers in farmed salmonids and Atlantic cod in countries around the North Atlantic. The bacterium has also been isolated from various marine fish species. Bacterial diseases have been a limiting factor in farming of turbot, but M. viscosa has not so far been isolated. In this study, turbot was shown to be sensitive to M. viscosa infection in experimental challenges. Pathological changes in infected turbot were comparable with those previously described for winter ulcers in salmon. A multivalent commercial salmon vaccine, containing M. viscosa as one of five antigens and a mineral oil adjuvant, did not protect turbot against challenge 13 weeks post‐vaccination. Weight gain of vaccinated turbot compared with controls was not reduced 7 weeks post‐vaccination. Vaccination did not induce a specific anti‐M. viscosa response, while elevated anti‐M. viscosa antibody levels were detected both in vaccinated and unvaccinated fish 5 weeks post‐challenge. The vaccine did, however, induce an antibody response against Aeromonas salmonicida, another vaccine component. Minor intra‐abdominal adhesions were detected in vaccinated fish and fish injected with a mineral oil adjuvant. The measurement of various innate humoral immune parameters did not reveal significant differences between vaccinated and control groups.
Aquabirnaviruses isolated from marine organisms form a distinct genogroup from other aquabirnaviruses
Authors: Zhang C X , Suzuki S 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA phylogenetic tree of aquabirnaviruses, including marine birnaviruses (MABV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), was developed based on the nucleotide sequences and deduced amino acid sequences of the polyprotein and VP5 genes of genomic segment A. In the polyprotein of MABV strains, the amino acid sequences were very similar, with identities of 98.3–99.7%. Twenty‐one unique amino acid residues were found in the deduced amino acid sequences of the polyprotein gene of MABV strains. The phylogenetic tree based on the nucleotide sequence of genomic segment A and polyprotein sequences showed that 31 aquabirnavirus strains were clustered into seven genogroups. All MABV strains isolated in Japan and Korea were clustered into one genogroup which was distinct from other aquabirnaviruses. The seventh genogroup containing all MABV strains showed amino acid sequence similarities of 80.7–90.6% with other genogroups. In VP5, four unique residues were found in MABV strains when compared with IPNV strains. The MABV strains exhibited amino acid sequence similarities of 63.9–86.4% with IPNV strains. The amino acid sequences of VP5 were conserved among MABV strains, but differed from those of IPNV strains. The MABV strains isolated from different host species and different geographical areas were very similar to each other, suggesting that the MABV are distinct from the other genogroups.
Primary carcinoid tumor of the bilateral testis associated with carcinoid syndrome
Authors: SON HYUN‐YOUNG , RA SEUNG‐WON , JEONG JIN‐OOK , KOH EUN‐HEE , LEE HYANG‐IM , KOH JUNG‐MIN , KIM WON‐BAE , PARK JOONG‐YEOL , SHONG YOUNG‐KEE , LEE KI‐UP , KIM GHI‐SU , KIM MIN‐SEON 
Published: October 2004

AbstractCarcinoid tumors derived from neuroendocrine cells can release serotonin and other vasoactive substances into the systemic circulation, resulting in carcinoid syndrome. Testicular carcinoid, a rare disease accounting for less than 1% of all testicular neoplasms, rarely manifests symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. We describe a case of carcinoid syndrome arising from a primary testicular carcinoid tumor. A 21‐year‐old male patient presented with facial flushing and diarrhea for 5 years. He had an enlarged left testis and a 1‐cm, ill‐defined, hard, non‐tender mass in his right testis. His 24 h urinary excretion of 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid was elevated (16.1 mg/day). Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy correlated with carcinoid tumor in both testes. Following bilateral orchiectomy, the patient's facial flushing and diarrhea disappeared.
Papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the prostate
Authors: NAOE MICHIO , OGAWA YOSHIO , FUJI KHOZO , FUKAGAI TAKASHI , INOUE KATSUKI , YOSHIDA HIDEKI 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA giant cystic formation was found behind the prostate of a 69‐year‐old man who presented with urinary retention. Ultrasonography, computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large cystic intrapelvic mass and biopsy of the cyst wall diagnosed papillary cyst adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor originated from the prostate.
Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis associated with transitional cell carcinoma in the renal pelvis and the bladder
Authors: TAKEHARA KOUSUKE , NOMATA KOICHIRO , EGUCHI JIRO , HISAMATSU HIROSHI , MARUTA SUGURE , HAYASHI TOMAYOSHI , KOGA SHIGEHIKO , KANETAKE HIROSHI 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe report a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis associated with bladder carcinoma in situ (CIS). Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the renal pelvis and CIS were also observed adjacent to the adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical assessment of the pelvic adenocarcinoma revealed positive expressions for mucin, epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 19 and carcinoembryonal antigen, but not vimentin or chromogranin. Based on the histopathological examinations, the adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis in the present case may have a similar biological nature to conventional TCC and probably originated by development of pre‐existing TCC of the renal pelvis.
Mode of presentation and first line of management of non‐recurrent urolithiasis in Kuwait
Authors: AL‐HUNAYAN ADEL , ABDUL‐HALIM HAMDY , KEHINDE ELIJAH O. , AL‐AWADI KHALEEL , EL BARKY EHAB , AL‐ATEEQUI AWNI 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAims: To determine the incidence, mode of presentation, first line of management and composition of non‐recurrent urolithiasis in Kuwait.Methods: Consecutive patients admitted between January 1999 and December 2002 with non‐recurrent urolithiasis were prospectively analyzed.Results: The average annual incidence of hospital admission for non‐recurrent urolithiasis in Kuwait was 43.44 per 100 000 population, representing men and women (ratio, 9 : 1) with a median age of 41.91 years. Of the hospital admissions for non‐recurrent urolithiasis, 57.2% of cases were acute. Overall, the most predominant symptom was flank pain, while the least common symptom was acute urinary retention. Ureteroscopic stone manipulation was the most common initial treatment modality in the present series, as it was utilized in 43.3% and 37.09% for patients admitted on elective and emergency basis, respectively. Of the calculi available for chemical analysis, 91% contained calcium, 73% contained calcium oxalate, 17% contained mixed calcium and 1% contained calcium phosphate. The composition of the rest of the stones were urate in 7%, struvite in 1% and cystine in 1%.Conclusions: Urolithiasis is a common disease in the Kuwait region that mainly presents with flank pain. Ureteroscopic calculus removal is the most common modality of treatment. The majority of the calculi seen in Kuwait contained calcium.
Twenty‐three years of disease‐free survival following cutaneous metastasis from a primary bladder transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: GOWARDHAN BHARAT , MATHERS MARIE E. , FEGGETTER JEREMY G. W. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe present a case of cutaneous metastases from a primary bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), with a prolonged survival of 23 years. Cutaneous metastases from primary bladder TCC are uncommon and, like all metastases, have a poor prognosis. The common modality of treatment of cutaneous metastases from a primary bladder cancer is wide local excision of the metastases followed by combination chemotherapy. Here, we present a case of a solitary cutaneous metastasis from a primary bladder TCC, which was treated with wide local excision and single agent chemotherapy. Twenty‐three years on, the patient remains disease and recurrence free.
Bacteria of preoperative urinary tract infections contaminate the surgical fields and develop surgical site infections in urological operations
Authors: HAMASUNA RYOICHI , BETSUNOH HIRONORI , SUEYOSHI TETSUYA , YAKUSHIJI KAZUMICHI , TSUKINO HIROMASA , NAGANO MASAFUMI , TAKEHARA TOSHIYUKI , OSADA YUKIO 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground: The risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) following urological operations have not been clearly identified, although the presence of a preoperative urinary tract infection (UTI) is thought to be one risk factor. We studied potential risk factors to clarify when and how bacteria contaminate wounds and SSI develop.Methods: Objects of the present study were patients with SSI after open urological operations that were performed at the Department of Urology, Miyazaki Medical College Hospital, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan, during the period between June 1999 and December 2000. Endourological operations, operations on children and short operations of less than 2 h duration were excluded. Patients were screened for the presence of UTI before the operation and subcutaneous swabs for culture were collected at the end of the operation by brushing with a sterile cotton‐swab just before skin closure.Results: Surgical site infections occurred in 20 of 134 patients. Bacteria from the subcutaneous swabs were detected in 15 (75.0%) of the patients with SSI. All patients received antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP), but bacteria from the subcutaneous swabs of patients with SSI were less susceptible to the agents (20.0%). Preoperative UTI were observed in 11 (55.0%) of the patients with SSI. In these patients, four had the same species of bacteria detected from urine, swab and wound, three had the same species from swab and wound and one had the same species from urine and wound.Conclusions: Preoperative UTI was the most important risk factor for SSI following urological operations. It is most likely that the bacteria in the urine contaminated the surgical fields and the AMP resistant strains produced SSI.
The impact of insecticide resistance in the currant‐lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri, on pest management in lettuce
Authors: Kift N. B. , Mead A. , Reynolds K. , Sime S. , Barber M. D. , Denholm I. , Tatchell G. M. 
Published: October 2004

Abstract  1 This paper reports on experiments to determine how two different insecticide resistance phenotypes in the aphid Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley), which is a major pest of lettuce, change its susceptibility to pyrethroid insecticides and the carbamate pirimicarb.2 A novel statistical approach determined how the effectiveness of different insecticides was changed by the two resistance phenotypes. This compared the between‐plant distribution of aphid numbers, as opposed to the mean number of aphids per plant.3 Results from field cage experiments showed that the effect of the resistances differed. Pyrethroid resistance resulted in lower mortality immediately after application of pyrethroids, whereas resistance to pirimicarb shortened the time over which the chemical was effective.4 The results of laboratory bioassays suggested that these two resistances were not found together in N. ribisnigri. However, the results reported here contradict this assertion.5 Experiments with insecticide residues showed that reproduction of resistant N. ribisnigri was greater than that of susceptible N. ribisnigri on plants with ageing insecticide residues, even in circumstances where mortality of resistant and susceptible clones of N. ribisnigri were similar.6 If more than a few aphids are found on a plant then a whole consignment can be rejected for processing. The results reported here suggest that the effect of both insecticide resistances in N. ribsinigri will be to increase the proportion of lettuce heads with an unacceptable number of aphids on them, leading to increased rejection of plants for processing.
Cuticular hydrocarbons on elytra of the Diaprepes root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Lapointe Stephen L. , Hunter Wayne B. , Alessandro Rocco T. 
Published: October 2004

Abstract  1 External gland openings and associated structures on the elytra of teneral and mature Diaprepes root weevils, Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.), were elucidated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).2 There were clear differences between teneral, callow adults and fully mature adults. In the field, teneral adults remain in the pupal chamber in the soil until sclerotization of the cuticle is complete or nearly so.3 Phenotypic variation of the elytra in this species consists of varying patterns and coloration of scaled intervals between a variable number of raised ridges devoid of scales. In addition to being thinner and lighter in colour than fully mature adults, the elytra of teneral adults were devoid of waxy hydrocarbon secretions.4 External gland openings at the base of each scale were observed on teneral elytra and mature elytra washed with methylene chloride.5 SEM evidence to document the production of waxy filaments by these glands and partial characterization of these by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry are presented.