bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of the Compressibility of a Helium Plasma at a Pressure up to 20 TPa
Authors: Mochalov M. A. , Il’kaev R. I. , Erunov S. V. , Blikov A. O. , Ogorodnikov V. A. , Elfimov S. E. , Arinin V. A. , Komrakov V. A. , Likhutov M. I. , Maksimkin I. P. 
Published: December 2023

A nonideal helium plasma has been compressed to a density of ρ ≈ 14 g/cm3 at a pressure of $$P \approx 20{\kern 1pt} $$ TPa (200 Mbar) in a spherical two-cascade device. The design of the device has been presented and the thermodynamic parameters of the helium plasma reached in it have been estimated. Data on the dynamics of the external and internal cascades in the device used to choose the calculation method have been obtained in a preliminary experiment with a hemispherical prototype. The experiment has been performed on the X-ray complex at the Russian Federal Nuclear Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, which includes BIM 234.3000 betatrons with a boundary energy of 60 MeV used in the multipulse bremsstrahlung generation regime with a multichannel optoelectronic system of recording X-ray images. A high-current linear accelerator LIU-R-T and an image detector assembly consisting of photochromic ADC screens have been used in addition to betatrons to detect the compressed shell cavity.
Influence of Noise and Frequency Distortions in a Communication Channel on a Communication Scheme Based on a Hyperbolic Chaos Generator
Authors: Lyubchenko D. O. , Isaeva O. B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The article analyses the effectiveness of a chaotic communication scheme based on synchronization of hyperbolic chaos generators used as a receiver and a transmitter. It is shown that useful information nonlinearly mixed into the transmitter signal can be detected by the receiver if the receiver has stable synchronization with the transmitted signal. Research, aimed to confirm the hypothesis that robustness, strong chaoticity and noise-like wideband spectrum of this type of oscillators provide reliability and stability of transmission, has been carried out. This study also shows the effect of noise and frequency distortion of the signal in a communication channel on the quality of information detection.
Inteligência artificial como phármakon: a arte algorítmica entre o remédio e o veneno
Authors: Beiguelman Giselle 
Published: December 2023

Este ensaio visual apresenta imagens da série Venenosas, Nocivas e Suspeitas, de minha autoria e em processo. Desenvolvida com recursos de inteligência artificial, a série foca plantas proibidas pelo processo “civilizador” colonial devido ao seu uso em rituais sagrados e poderes alucinógenos e afrodisíacos, contradizendo o cânone do homem branco europeu idealmente moral e fisicamente superior. O projeto aborda criticamente os modelos baseados na chamada Linguagem natural, que criam imagens a partir de textos e outras imagens em um processo quase intersemiótico de tradução. O título da obra é emprestado de um manual científico do século XIX, publicado na Inglaterra pela Sociedade Científica Cristã, de autoria de Anne Pratt (1857). Por meio do contraponto entre veneno e remédio, que constituem a ambivalência do phármakon, questiona-se como a inteligência artificial reforça pressupostos colonialistas e antropocêntricos, ao mesmo tempo em que abre possibilidades para novas alteridades entre humanos e não humanos.
Association between oral health and locomotive syndrome: a cross-sectional study in Japanese adults
Authors: Saito Mizuki , Shimazaki Yoshihiro , Yoshii Saori , Takeyama Hideo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Many studies have examined the association between oral health, care needs, and physical function, but few have focused on the association between oral health and locomotive syndrome (LS). We examined the association between LS and oral-health status, such as the number of teeth and chewing function, in an adult population.

Methods
The study included 2888 participants who underwent examinations of motor function and oral health. Individuals with LS stage 1 or higher were classified as having LS, while others were classified as not having it. Logistic regression analysis was performed using the presence or absence of LS as the dependent variable and age, sex, smoking status, drinking habit, exercise habit, walking speed, history of stroke, bone density, body mass index, metabolic syndrome, chewing function, and the number of teeth as independent variables to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each independent variable.

Results
When the number of teeth and chewing function were included separately in multivariate analyses, the OR for LS was significantly higher for participants with 0–19 teeth than for those with 28 teeth, and for participants with poor chewing function than for those with good function (adjusted ORs, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.01–2.15] and 1.73 [95% CI, 1.37–2.18], respectively). In analyses that included tooth number and chewing function as a combined independent variable, relative to individuals with 28 teeth and good masticatory function, the adjusted ORs were 2.67 (95% CI, 1.57–4.52) for those with 28 teeth and poor chewing function, 1.63 (95% CI, 1.20–2.22) for those with 20–27 teeth and poor chewing function, and 1.83 (95% CI, 1.06–3.18) for those with 0–19 teeth and poor chewing function.

Conclusion
Having fewer teeth and poor chewing function may be associated with LS. The maintenance of masticatory function may be important to prevent LS in adulthood.
Interferon-gamma release assay for screening of tuberculosis infection in children
Authors: Zheng Huiwen , Xiao Jing , Li Feina , Chen Hao , Li Deze , Wang Yonghong , Guo Yajie , Chen Yuying , Shen Chen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is the main tool for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI). However, the indeterminate results were more frequent in children, and the underlying reasons were largely speculative. We aimed to compare QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) with X.DOT-TB (XDOT) for diagnosing LTBI, and to identify the risk factors associated with indeterminate results in children.

Methods
A retrospective study for children<18 years old, at risk for LTBI or progression to TB disease, received either QFT-GIT or X.DOT-TB tests was performed at Beijing Children’s Hospital from August 2019 to August 2022.

Results
A total of 33,662 children were recruited, including 15,129 (44.9%) tested with X.DOT-TB and 18,533 (55.1%) with QFT-GIT. Proportion of positive and indeterminate results in children with respiratory disease was significantly higher than did that with other diseases, respectively (P < 0.001). The indeterminate rate of X.DOT-TB and QFT-GIT results decreased with increasing age (P < 0.001). Proportion of QFT-GIT indeterminate results was higher than that of X.DOT-TB across age groups. Male, age and disease classification all presented a statistically significant association with indeterminate IGRA results.

Conclusions
The positive rates of X.DOT-TB and QFT-GIT in children were 3.1% and 1.8%, respectively. The X.DOT-TB assay performed better than QFT-GIT in children, and male, age and underlying diseases were associated with an increased risk of indeterminate IGRA results.
A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of maternity models of care
Authors: Martin Elizabeth , Ayoub Bassel , Miller Yvette D. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
In this systematic review, we aimed to identify the full extent of cost-effectiveness evidence available for evaluating alternative Maternity Models of Care (MMC) and to summarize findings narratively.

Methods
Articles that included a decision tree or state-based (Markov) model to explore the cost-effectiveness of an MMC, and at least one comparator MMC, were identified from a systematic literature review. The MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases were searched for papers published in English, Arabic, and French. A narrative synthesis was conducted to analyse results.

Results
Three studies were included; all using cost-effectiveness decision tree models with data sourced from a combination of trials, databases, and the literature. Study quality was fair to poor. Each study compared midwife-led or doula-assisted care to obstetrician- or physician-led care. The findings from these studies indicate that midwife and doula led MMCs may provide value.

Conclusion
The findings of these studies indicate weak evidence that midwife and doula models of care may be a cost-effective or cost-saving alternative to standard care. However, the poor quality of evidence, lack of standardised MMC classifications, and the dearth of research conducted in this area are barriers to conclusive evaluation and highlight the need for more research incorporating appropriate models and population diversity.
Experience and perceptions of healthcare providers on clinical management and care of near-miss infants: a qualitative content analysis
Authors: Asaye Mengstu Melkamu , Gelaye Kassahun Alemu , Matebe Yohannes Hailu , Lindgren Helena , Erlandsson Kerstin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Neonatal Near Miss (NNM) refers to neonates with severe complications who almost died but survived immediately after birth. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of NNM has been assessed using a validated Neonatal Near-Miss Assessment Scale. However, understanding the experiences and perceptions of healthcare providers in the clinical management and care of NNM infants remains unexplored. The aim was to investigate the determinants contributing to the survival of neonatal near-miss babies and to identify any barriers encountered, as reported by the experiences of healthcare providers in public hospitals of Amhara Regional State, northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
Semi structured interviews were used to collect data from 25 midwives, nurses, and pediatricians with at least six months of prior experience in one of the labor wards or neonatal intensive care units at one of the four public health hospitals in the Amhara Regional state of northwest Ethiopia included in a large intervention study assessing a NNM scale. Purposeful sampling was used, selecting participants based on their experiences related to the aim of this study. The participants had a varying level of education and years of experience to care for NNM infants. The average age of the healthcare providers was 31 years, with 7 years of work experience. The transcripts of the interviews with the healthcare providers were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results
The experience and perceptions of healthcare providers was described in the main category “A sense of hopelessness when caring for the baby” capturing a broader emotional and professional aspect, while the subcategories “Unclear responsibilities discharging one’s mission”, “Provision of kangaroo mother care” and “Quick action required at birth” are more specific and practical. Healthcare providers perceived a sense of hopelessness when caring for the NNM infant, particularly providing Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) and quick actions when required at birth to save the life of the infant.

Conclusion
Unclear responsibilities and a sense of hopelessness could have acted as barriers, hindering the ability of healthcare providers to fulfill their mission of taking swift actions and providing KMC to NNM infants, thus impacting their ability to save the lives of these infants. Healthcare providers’ and parents’ attitudes must be changed towards hope rather than hopelessness when caring for NNM infants.
Blended-ALMAMAR app for inpatient mental health care for refugees: study protocol for a multicenter implementation study within the I-REACH consortium (Internet based REfugee mentAl healtH Care)
Authors: Reinhardt Isabelle , Schmidt Laura , Reske Dirk , Zielasek Jürgen , Braun Gracia , Böttche Maria , Boettcher Johanna , Burchert Sebastian , Glaesmer Heide , Knaevelsrud Christine , Konnopka Alexander , Muntendorf Louisa , Nohr Laura , Paskuy Sophia , Renneberg Babette , Sierau Susan , Stammel Nadine , Wagner Birgit , Wirz Tina , Gouzoulis-Mayfrank Euphrosyne 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Refugees are at high risk for developing mental illnesses. Due to language and cultural barriers, there is need for specifically adapted therapeutic procedures for refugees in inpatient mental health care settings. Internet-based applications in refugee mother tongues have the potential to improve the outcomes of mental health care for this vulnerable population. The key research question of the present implementation study is whether the newly developed “blended ALMAMAR” app for Arabic and Farsi speaking refugees in Germany is used and accepted by patients and professionals in routine inpatient mental health care (blended care).

Methods
We present the design of an observational, prospective multicenter implementation study in eight psychiatric hospitals. We plan to recruit 100 Farsi or Arabic speaking refugees receiving in-patient treatment due to depression, anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder or substance use disorders. These patients will get access to the “blended ALMAMAR” app during their inpatient stay in a blended-care approach. We will assess the usage (e.g., duration and frequency of use of the app) as well as subjective acceptability and usability of the intervention. To identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with “blended ALMAMAR” usage, we will also perform clinical and questionnaire assessments.

Discussion
The newly developed “blended ALMAMAR” app may help to close communication gaps for the hard-to reach and vulnerable group of refugees in inpatient mental health care. It is the first blended-care intervention that addresses severely mentally ill refugees in an inpatient psychiatric setting in Germany.

Trial registration
The trial was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register on November 11, 2021 (DRKS00025972) and adapted on November 14, 2023.
Antimicrobial use of patients with sexually transmitted infection symptoms prior to presentation at five health facilities in Southern Ghana
Authors: Attram Naiki , Dela Helena , Behene Eric , Kyei Nicholas N.A. , Ocansey Karen , Yanney Jennifer N. , Nyarko Edward O. , Addo Kennedy K. , Koram Kwadwo A. , Fox Anne , Letizia Andrew , Sanders Terrel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Unregulated and inappropriate antimicrobial use are major contributors to the evolution of antimicrobial resistance worldwide. It is important to monitor and collect data on the use of antibiotics at health facilities and in the general population in order to support antimicrobial stewardship programs.

Methods
As part of a gonorrhea surveillance study that was conducted from June 2012 to Jan 2018, we administered a questionnaire to elicit information on the types of antimicrobials used by individuals to treat symptoms of a gonorrhea infection prior to presenting at five health facilities in Southern Ghana.

Results
Almost one-third (383/1,349; 28%) of study participants admitted taking one or more antimicrobial types before hospital presentation, while 138/383 (36%) of those who took antimicrobials could not remember what they ingested. A greater percentage of individuals who reported prior antimicrobial use before presentation at a health facility tested positive for gonorrhea by NAAT (30%), in contrast to 24% for those without prior treatment (p = 0.004). Penicillin and its derivatives, as well as ciprofloxacin and doxycycline, were the most used, while a few individuals reported taking drugs such as kanamycin and rifampin. Males were more likely than females to take an antimicrobial prior to attending a health center.

Conclusion
In order to curb excessive and inappropriate antimicrobial use, antibiotics used by patients before presenting at hospitals ought to be investigated by healthcare providers. It is recommended that health professionals receive continuing education on the consequences of unregulated antimicrobial use.
Overview of chemometrics in forensic toxicology
Authors: Singh Sukhwinder , Shakeel Hanan , Sharma Rakesh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The beginning of chemometrics within pattern recognition of the 1960s and 1970s is defined. This article shows a comprehensive deliberation on application of the chemometric techniques to chemical data analysis.

Main body of the abstract
Many review papers along with the usage of chemometrics in forensic chemistry have been available. The present article has been distributed into several parts which comprise chemometrics, its history, its function and chemometrics methods.

Conclusion
It is advised that these new chemometrics methods should be applied in forensic chemistry to get accurate and fast results.
Student nurse-midwives' knowledge and practice conducting normal labour in Windhoek, Namibia
Authors: Mateus Imanuel , Emvula Olivia , Nashandi Hilde Liisa 
Published: December 2023

Background/Aims It is crucial that maternity health workers understand how to prevent complications during labour. A lack of knowledge and the skills required to manage uncomplicated physiological labour (‘normal’ labour) may result in unanticipated complications, such as vaginal lacerations and perineal tears. This study's aim was to assess the knowledge and practices of undergraduate nurse-midwife students at the University of Namibia in conducting normal labour. Methods This quantitative study used a descriptive, non-experimental design to gather data from a total of 64 student nurse-midwives. A questionnaire was used to gather participants' sociodemographics and assess their knowledge and practice of normal labour. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Results The majority of the participants (87.3%) knew the correct supporting technique to prevent perineal tears. Most (84.1%) correctly indicated that a partograph is used to monitor labour progress. However, the majority (87.3%) did not practice episiotomy to prevent perineal tears. Conclusions Most students were knowledgeable on the use of a partograph, practices to prevent perineal tears and care of a newborn after birth. Students should receive continual education during clinical allocations, and be supervised and guided to improve practice and competency. Provision of sufficient preceptors is needed to cater for the high number of students. Future research should be conducted on the experiences and perspectives of students on conducting births and prevention of labour complications.
Hospital-related factors associated with incontinence following vesicovaginal fistula repair at Bwaila fistula care centre
Authors: Chipapa Smith , Changole Josephine , Lazaro Matthews , Kafulafula Ursula 
Published: December 2023

Background/Aims Surgery remains the only reliable treatment option for vesicovaginal fistula; however, not all women who undergo surgical treatment regain continence. Information on predictors of vesicovaginal fistula closure outcomes is scarce and mostly limited to patient-related factors. This study examined hospital-related factors associated with incontinence in women following vesicovaginal fistula repair at the Bwaila fistula care centre in Malawi. Methods This quantitative retrospective cross-sectional study used simple random sampling to identify 174 case files of women who underwent vesicovaginal fistula repair. Data were analysed using binary and multivariable logistic regression to explore the effects of hospital-related variables on the likelihood of women remaining incontinent after obstetric fistula repair. Results The overall closure rate was 73.6%. Only number of days with a Foley catheter was found to predict incontinence after fistula repair at discharge from the hospital (P=0.013), in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Number of days with a catheter was the only significant predictor of incontinence after repair. Surgeons should consider reducing the number of days assigned with a catheter following surgery. Future studies should follow a prospective approach in settings where all variables can be effectively explored.
Counselling on newborn danger signs for women in Bahirdar City, northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Worku Kalkidan , Amsalu Menichil 
Published: December 2023

Background/Aims The prevalences of good knowledge and health-seeking practice for newborn danger signs are generally low in Asia and sub-Saharan African countries. There is limited information available about the effect of maternal and child health service use on this issue among mothers in Bahirdar. This study's aim was to assess the effect of service use on knowledge and health-seeking practice related to newborn danger signs among women with infants in Bahirdar. Methods This community-based cross-sectional study involved 392 women with infants aged less than 6 months, who used maternal and child health services in Bahirdar between 10 September and 10 October 2020. Bivariable and multivariable regression were used to identify service use factors associated with health-seeking behaviour and knowledge related to newborn danger signs. Results Most of the participants recognised that frequent vomiting (81.1%), high fever (73.0%) and convulsion (69.9%) were neonatal danger signs. Postnatal care counselling was strongly associated with health-seeking practice (adjusted odds ratio=1.9, P<0.001). Antenatal care counselling was strongly associated with knowledge of newborn danger signs (adjusted odds ratio=1.57, P<0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of maternal knowledge of newborn danger signs was lower compared to the literature. Similarly, the prevalence of health-seeking practice among mothers with an infant with a newborn danger sign was low. Interventions to improve the quality of antenatal and postnatal counselling are recommended.
In Italia sono tutti maschi, Luca De Santis and Sara Colaone (2019)
Authors: Parrinello Alice 
Published: December 2023

Review of: In Italia sono tutti maschi, Luca De Santis and Sara Colaone (2019)
Italy: Oblomov Edizioni and Quartu Sant’Elena, 175 pp.,
ISBN 978-8-88562-165-7, p/bk, €19
Effect of the alcohol content on sensory perception of the fruit spirits
Authors: ŠEKERIĆ Arman , BLESIĆ Milenko , DRKENDA Pakeza , SPAHO Nermina 
Published: December 2023

Fruit spirits must have an aroma of the raw material, which is balanced by ethanol. Since many aroma compounds are more soluble in ethanol than in water, ethanol is the most important carrier of aroma compounds. The alcohol concentration seems to be crucial for the sensory profile of spirits. Alcohol content of 40% vol is the standard alcoholic strength of fruit spirits. Regulations specify a minimum alcohol content of 37.5% vol. However, ethanol reduction can result in change in sensory profile of spirits. The aim of this research is to determine whether lowering the alcohol content of spirits may make them less acceptable to customers. On this occasion, 5 pairs of fruit spirits were sensory tested: pear, plum, apple, raspberry, and grape spirits, each with a commercial and reduced alcohol concentration to 37.5% vol. The results showed that customers can recognize the difference in alcohol content of fruit spirits and dilution to lower alcohol content led to decreasing aroma for all tastes fruit spirits. However, typicality and intensity of fruit odour and the overall note of the spirits, were very similar perceived for Williams, plum and grape spirits whereas apple and raspberry spirits showed better characteristic at higher alcohol content.