bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial characterization of a transgenic mouse with overexpression of the human D1-dopamine receptor in the heart
Authors: Abella Lina Maria Rayo , Jacob Hannes , Hesse Christin , Hofmann Britt , Schneider Sarah , Schindler Lisa , Keller Max , Buchwalow Igor B. , Jin CongYu , Panula Pertti , Dhein Stefan , Klimas Jan , Hadova Katarína , Gergs Ulrich , Neumann Joachim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDopamine can exert effects in the mammalian heart via five different dopamine receptors. There is controversy whether dopamine receptors increase contractility in the human heart. Therefore, we have generated mice that overexpress the human D1-dopamine receptor in the heart (D1-TG) and hypothesized that dopamine increases force of contraction and beating rate compared to wild-type mice (WT). In D1-TG hearts, we ascertained the presence of D1-dopamine receptors by autoradiography using [3H]SKF 38393. The mRNA for human D1-dopamine receptors was present in D1-TG hearts and absent in WT. We detected by in-situ-hybridization mRNA for D1-dopamine receptors in atrial and ventricular D1-TG cardiomyocytes compared to WT but also in human atrial preparations. We noted that in the presence of 10 µM propranolol (to antagonize β-adrenoceptors), dopamine alone and the D1- and D5-dopamine receptor agonist SKF 38393 (0.1–10 µM cumulatively applied) exerted concentration- and time-dependent positive inotropic effects and positive chronotropic effects in left or right atrial preparations from D1-TG. The positive inotropic effects of SKF 38393 in left atrial preparations from D1-TG led to an increased rate of relaxation and accompanied by and probably caused by an augmented phosphorylation state of the inhibitory subunit of troponin. In the presence of 0.4 µM propranolol, 1 µM dopamine could increase left ventricular force of contraction in isolated perfused hearts from D1-TG. In this model, we have demonstrated a positive inotropic and chronotropic effect of dopamine. Thus, in principle, the human D1-dopamine receptor can couple to contractility in the mammalian heart.
CD204-positive M2-like tumor-associated macrophages increase migration of gastric cancer cells by upregulating miR-210 to reduce NTN4 expression
Authors: Chen Chin-Wang , Wang Hao-Chen , Tsai I-Min , Chen I-Shu , Chen Chang-Jung , Hou Ya-Chin , Shan Yan-Shen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the predominant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and portend poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumor promotion of TAMs have not been fully elucidated.

Methods
Coculture of gastric cancer cells with U937 cells was performed to investigate the impact of TAMs on cancer cell behavior. MicroRNA (miRNA) microarray and bioinformatics were applied to identify the involved miRNAs and the functional target genes. The regulation of the miRNA on its target gene was studied using anti-miRNA and miRNA mimic.

Results
Coculture with CD204+ M2-like TAMs increased proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cells. MiR-210 was the most upregulated miRNA in cancer cells identified by miRNA microarray after coculture. In gastric cancer tissues, miR-210 expression was positively correlated with CD204+ M2-like TAM infiltration. Inactivation of miR-210 by antimir attenuated CD204+ M2-like TAMs-induced cancer cell migration. Using pharmacological inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies, CD204+ M2-like TAMs-secreted TNFα was found to upregulate miR-210 through NF-κB/HIF-1α signaling. Bioinformatics analysis showed netrin-4 (NTN4) as a potential target of miR-210 to suppress gastric cancer cell migration. We also found an inverse expression between miR-210 and NTN4 in cancer cells after coculture or in tumor xenografts. Anti-miR-210 increased NTN4 expression, while miR-210 mimics downregulated NTN4 in cancer cells. Reporter luciferase assays showed that MiR-210 mimics suppressed NTN4 3’ untranslated region-driven luciferase activity in cancer cells, but this effect was blocked after mutating miR-210 binding site.

Conclusions
CD204+ M2-like TAMs can utilize the TNF-α/NF-κB/HIF-1α/miR-210/NTN4 pathway to facilitate gastric cancer progression.
A drier Orinoco basin during the twenty-first century: the role of the Orinoco low-level jet
Authors: Correa Isabel C. , Arias Paola A. , Vieira Sara C. , Martínez J. Alejandro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the analysis of the simulation of the main climatological features of the Orinoco low-level jet (OLLJ) by a set of models included in the Sixth Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and their projected changes under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs): SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5. We consider the 1979–2014 period to evaluate the historical simulations using the ERA5 reanalysis as the reference dataset. In general, CMIP6 models are able to capture the activation of the OLLJ during December-January–February (DJF) in the Orinoco basin, as well as the main links between this circulation and low-level moisture transport patterns in northern South America. Regarding the analysis of projections, CMIP6 models suggest a weakening and shrinking of the OLLJ, especially in its exit region, by the end of the twenty-first century, which in turn induces changes in atmospheric moisture transport patterns in the region during DJF. The projected changes of the OLLJ are associated with variations in the regional gradients of mean sea level pressure, near-surface air temperature, and surface sensible heat flux in association with drier conditions in the Orinoco basin. These projections are consistent with previous studies suggesting a drier Orinoco river basin throughout the twenty-first century. Assessing the projected changes of this low-level jet in northern South America improves our understanding of the different phenomena that modulate atmospheric moisture transport in the region, which is particularly important given its high vulnerability to climate change.
Cryptic splicing of stathmin-2 and UNC13A mRNAs is a pathological hallmark of TDP-43-associated Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Agra Almeida Quadros Ana Rita , Li Zhaozhi , Wang Xue , Ndayambaje I. Sandra , Aryal Sandeep , Ramesh Nandini , Nolan Matthew , Jayakumar Rojashree , Han Yi , Stillman Hannah , Aguilar Corey , Wheeler Hayden J. , Connors Theresa , Lopez-Erauskin Jone , Baughn Michael W. , Melamed Ze’ev , Beccari Melinda S. , Olmedo Martínez Laura , Canori Michael , Lee Chao-Zong , Moran Laura , Draper Isabelle , Kopin Alan S. , Oakley Derek H. , Dickson Dennis W. , Cleveland Don W. , Hyman Bradley T. , Das Sudeshna , Ertekin-Taner Nilüfer , Lagier-Tourenne Clotilde 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNuclear clearance and cytoplasmic accumulations of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43 are pathological hallmarks in almost all patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and up to 50% of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer’s disease. In Alzheimer’s disease, TDP-43 pathology is predominantly observed in the limbic system and correlates with cognitive decline and reduced hippocampal volume. Disruption of nuclear TDP-43 function leads to abnormal RNA splicing and incorporation of erroneous cryptic exons in numerous transcripts including Stathmin-2 (STMN2, also known as SCG10) and UNC13A, recently reported in tissues from patients with ALS and FTD. Here, we identify both STMN2 and UNC13A cryptic exons in Alzheimer’s disease patients, that correlate with TDP-43 pathology burden, but not with amyloid-β or tau deposits. We also demonstrate that processing of the STMN2 pre-mRNA is more sensitive to TDP-43 loss of function than UNC13A. In addition, full-length RNAs encoding STMN2 and UNC13A are suppressed in large RNA-seq datasets generated from Alzheimer’s disease post-mortem brain tissue. Collectively, these results open exciting new avenues to use STMN2 and UNC13A as potential therapeutic targets in a broad range of neurodegenerative conditions with TDP-43 proteinopathy including Alzheimer’s disease.
p-tau Ser356 is associated with Alzheimer’s disease pathology and is lowered in brain slice cultures using the NUAK inhibitor WZ4003
Authors: Taylor Lewis W. , Simzer Elizabeth M. , Pimblett Claire , Lacey-Solymar Oscar T. T. , McGeachan Robert I. , Meftah Soraya , Rose Jamie L. , Spires-Jones Maxwell P. , Holt Kristján , Catterson James H. , Koch Henner , Liaquat Imran , Clarke Jonathan H. , Skidmore John , Smith Colin , Booker Sam A. , Brennan Paul M. , Spires-Jones Tara L. , Durrant Claire S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation is a common feature of many dementia-causing neurodegenerative diseases. Tau can be phosphorylated at up to 85 different sites, and there is increasing interest in whether tau phosphorylation at specific epitopes, by specific kinases, plays an important role in disease progression. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-related enzyme NUAK1 has been identified as a potential mediator of tau pathology, whereby NUAK1-mediated phosphorylation of tau at Ser356 prevents the degradation of tau by the proteasome, further exacerbating tau hyperphosphorylation and accumulation. This study provides a detailed characterisation of the association of p-tau Ser356 with progression of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, identifying a Braak stage-dependent increase in p-tau Ser356 protein levels and an almost ubiquitous presence in neurofibrillary tangles. We also demonstrate, using sub-diffraction-limit resolution array tomography imaging, that p-tau Ser356 co-localises with synapses in AD postmortem brain tissue, increasing evidence that this form of tau may play important roles in AD progression. To assess the potential impacts of pharmacological NUAK inhibition in an ex vivo system that retains multiple cell types and brain-relevant neuronal architecture, we treated postnatal mouse organotypic brain slice cultures from wildtype or APP/PS1 littermates with the commercially available NUAK1/2 inhibitor WZ4003. Whilst there were no genotype-specific effects, we found that WZ4003 results in a culture-phase-dependent loss of total tau and p-tau Ser356, which corresponds with a reduction in neuronal and synaptic proteins. By contrast, application of WZ4003 to live human brain slice cultures results in a specific lowering of p-tau Ser356, alongside increased neuronal tubulin protein. This work identifies differential responses of postnatal mouse organotypic brain slice cultures and adult human brain slice cultures to NUAK1 inhibition that will be important to consider in future work developing tau-targeting therapeutics for human disease.
Effect of applied cadence in repeated sprint cycling on muscle characteristics
Authors: Klich Sebastian , Michalik Kamil , Pietraszewski Bogdan , Hansen Ernst A. , Madeleine Pascal , Kawczyński Adam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate physiological responses, muscle–tendon unit properties of the quadriceps muscle, and mechanical performance after repeated sprint cycling at optimal and 70% of optimal cadence.

Methods
Twenty recreational cyclists performed as first sprint performance cycling test and during subsequent sessions two repeated sprint cycling protocols at optimal and 70% of optimal cadence, in random order. The muscle–tendon unit outcome measures on the dominant leg included muscle thickness, fascicle length (Lf), pennation angle (θp), and stiffness for the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), and vastus medialis muscle (VM) at baseline, immediately after repeated sprint cycling, and 1-h post-exercise.

Results
The results showed an increase in muscle thickness and θp in RF, VL, and VM for both cadences from baseline to immediately after exercise. The Lf decreased in RF (both cadences), while stiffness decreased in RF, VL, and VM at optimal cadence, and in VL at 70% of optimal cadence from baseline to immediately after exercise.

Conclusion
The present study revealed that the alterations in muscle characteristics were more marked after repeated sprint cycling at optimal cadence compared with a lower cadence most likely as a result of higher load on the muscle–tendon unit at optimal cadence.
Acid-sensing ion channels and downstream signalling in cancer cells: is there a mechanistic link?
Authors: Gründer Stefan , Vanek Jakob , Pissas Karolos-Philippos 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is increasingly appreciated that the acidic microenvironment of a tumour contributes to its evolution and clinical outcomes. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which tumour cells detect acidosis and the signalling cascades that it induces is still limited. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are sensitive receptors for protons; therefore, they are also candidates for proton sensors in tumour cells. Although in non-transformed tissue, their expression is mainly restricted to neurons, an increasing number of studies have reported ectopic expression of ASICs not only in brain cancer but also in different carcinomas, such as breast and pancreatic cancer. However, because ASICs are best known as desensitizing ionotropic receptors that mediate rapid but transient signalling, how they trigger intracellular signalling cascades is not well understood. In this review, we introduce the acidic microenvironment of tumours and the functional properties of ASICs, point out some conceptual problems, summarize reported roles of ASICs in different cancers, and highlight open questions on the mechanisms of their action in cancer cells. Finally, we propose guidelines to keep ASIC research in cancer on solid ground.
On the Wiener chaos expansion of the signature of a Gaussian process
Authors: Cass Thomas , Ferrucci Emilio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe compute the Wiener chaos decomposition of the signature for a class of Gaussian processes, which contains fractional Brownian motion (fBm) with Hurst parameter $$H \in (1/4,1)$$

H
∈
(
1
/
4
,
1
)

. At level 0, our result yields an expression for the expected signature of such processes, which determines their law (Chevyrev and Lyons in Ann Probab 44(6):4049–4082, 2016). In particular, this formula simultaneously extends both the one for $$1/2 < H$$

1
/
2
<
H

-fBm (Baudoin and Coutin in Stochast Process Appl 117(5):550–574, 2007) and the one for Brownian motion ($$H = 1/2$$

H
=
1
/
2

) (Fawcett 2003), to the general case $$H > 1/4$$

H
>
1
/
4

, thereby resolving an established open problem. Other processes studied include continuous and centred Gaussian semimartingales.
Ethylamine as new derivatization reagent differentiating reducing from non-reducing saccharides
Authors: Schwack Wolfgang , Heilmann Danny , Morlock Gertrud E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTypical derivatization reagents for saccharides in high-performance thin-layer chromatography, like 2-naphthol sulfuric acid, aniline diphenylamine orthophosphoric acid, or p-aminobenzoic acid, generally detect both reducing and non-reducing saccharides. A new reagent was found with ethylamine, specifically reacting with reducing saccharides on normal-phase silica gel plates, resulting in strongly fluorescent zones after heating the plate at 150 °C for 15 min. In contrast, non-reducing saccharides generally did not reveal fluorescent signals tested with 26 different saccharides. Optimal chromatographic separation was achieved with a mixture of 2-propyl acetate, methanol, and water with 1 mg/mL natural product reagent A when the plate was twofold developed. The high sensitivity of the ethylamine derivatization was shown with mean limits of detection and quantification of 10 and 30 ng per zone, respectively, calculated by different methods for selected mono- and disaccharides. The developed method has exemplarily been used for the digestion control of starch by α-amylase, the determination of lactose in lactose-free milk, and for the quantitative and qualitative study of honey. The analysis of honey gave an excellent example of the advantageous consecutive derivatization with ethylamine and aniline diphenylamine orthophosphoric acid reagent as reagent sequence to detect the coelution of reducing and non-reducing saccharides.
A German version of the Oral Impacts of Daily Performances—reliability and validity
Authors: Klotz Anna-Luisa , Prager Dennis , Rammelsberg Peter , Hassel Alexander Jochen , Zenthöfer Andreas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
The Oral Impact of Daily Performances (OIDP) is a dental patient–reported outcome measure (dPROM) for the estimation of oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) and takes the frequency as well as the severity of problems into account; however, it is not available in German language. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the reliability and validity of the German version of the OIDP in patients of a private practice.

Material and methods
Translation of the original OIDP version was performed by a forward–backward process. Reliability was evaluated in terms of construct stability (test–retest) for the single items and the sum scores. The responsiveness to change in oral health status was assessed by pre- and post-treatment comparison, in addition. Validity was assessed as convergent validity in comparison with other dPROMs (OHIP-14; GOHAI) and objective dental findings.

Results
A total of 330 patients participated in this study (mean age: 42.0 (18.0)). The OHRQoL of the participants was relatively high (OIDP score 4.3 (SD 14.3), OHIP score 4.8 (SD 5.3), GOHAI score 54.2 (SD 5.4)). A moderate construct stability for the total OIDP-score (ICC 0.686) was found whilst reliability for the single items varied between 0.179 (social contact) to 0.559 (showing teeth). Significant correlations were found for OIDP and OHIP (p < 0.001; r = 0.361) and OIDP and GOHAI (p < 0.001; r =  − 0.391) indicating moderate validity with a tendency to even stronger correlations for OIDP-s and OIDP-f (r ≥ 0.500).

Conclusions
The German version of the OIDP demonstrated sufficient reliability and validity. OIDP’s general performance should be interpreted cautiously as the outcome was detected in a specifically healthy population.

Clinical relevance
The OIDP is yet the only dPROM that evaluates both severity as well as frequency which makes validation interesting regarding specific target populations.
Evaluation of afforestations for avalanche protection with orthoimages using the random forest algorithm
Authors: Grätz Tina , Vospernik Sonja , Scheidl Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAfforestations provide cost-effective and environmentally friendly protection against natural hazards, compared to technical measures. In Austria, more than 3000 afforestation sites for hazard protection covering 9000 ha have been established between 1906 and 2017, mainly for snow avalanche protection. The actual protective effect depends on avalanche predisposing factors and land cover, i.e. whether forest is present. In this study, predisposing factors and land cover classes were identified and analysed in selected afforestation sites. The protective effect of forest was attributed to the presence of forest cover and tree species. Using RGB images with a ground resolution of 20 × 20 cm, nine land cover categories have been distinguished by means of supervised classification with the random forest algorithm. Those land cover categories were classified with an overall accuracy of 0.87–0.98 and Kappa-values, ranging between 0.81 and 0.93. Images were filtered using a 3 pixel by 3 pixel majority filter, which assigns each cell in the output grid the most commonly occurring value in a moving window centred on each grid cell. This filter further increased the overall accuracy by removing noise pixels while preserving the fine elements of the classified grid. Our results indicate a protective effect for about half of the analysed afforestation sites. The dominance of the land use class “Meadow” at most sites with little avalanche protection effect suggests grazing as a limiting factor. The spatial information provided with the described method allows to identify critical areas in terms of avalanche protection even years after the initial afforestation.
Degrees of hornification in softwood and hardwood kraft pulp during drying from different solvents
Authors: Hashemzehi Mozhgan , Sjöstrand Björn , Håkansson Helena , Henriksson Gunnar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHornification, a complex phenomenon occurring during drying of lignocellulosic materials because of formation of irreversible chemical bonds, remains a subject of scientific interest. This study aims to shed light on the underlying mechanisms of hornification by investigating interactions between the liquid and solid phases through a solvent exchange treatment. The treatment involved replacing water with various solvents in suspensions of never-dried cellulose samples, including alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol) capable of forming hydrogen bonds, albeit to a lesser extent than water, as well as non-alcohol solvents (acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene, heptane) that do not possess the ability to form chain of hydrogen bond, and no hydrogen bond between each other. The impact of solvents on the hornification process was evaluated using WRV measurements. Our findings reveal that water, as a solvent, plays a dominant role in the hornification process, primarily due to its excellent capability to form bridges of hydrogen bonds. In comparison, hornification with alcohols was considerably lower than with water, likely attributed to the smaller ability of alcohols to engage in such interactions. Furthermore, our results indicate a tendency for reduced hornification also when using non-hydrogen bond solvents with decreased polarity. This strengthens the hypothesis related to chains of hydrogen bonds. Additionally, the interaction between hydrophobic surfaces on cellulose through hydrophobic interactions could provide another plausible explanation.
Multivariate lognormal mixture for pulp particle characterization
Authors: Lindström Stefan B. , Persson Johan , Ferritsius Rita , Ferritsius Olof , Engberg Birgitta A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present a method for pulp particle characterization based on a truncated lognormal mixture (TLM) model, as motivated by size statistics of organisms. We use an optical fiber analyzer to measure the length–width distribution of kraft-cooked roundwood or sawmill sources, of chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) samples from roundwood or sawmill sources, and the same CTMP samples after kraft post-processing. Our results show that bimodal TLMs capture salient features of the investigated pulp particle distributions, by decomposition into a large-particle and a small-particle fraction. However, we find that fibers from sawmill sources, which have not undergone mechanical treatment, cannot be described by TLM, likely due to non-random sampling. Within the confines of our dataset, the TLM characterization predicts laboratory sheet properties more effectively than conventional averaging methods for pulp particle size distributions. The TLM characterization is intended as a tool for controlling the pulp production process towards higher product quality, uniformity, and energy efficiency, pending further mill trials for validation.