bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The simulation of heat and water exchange at the land–atmosphere interface for the boreal grassland by the land‐surface model SWAP
Authors: Gusev Yeugeniy M. , Nasonova Olga N. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe major goal of this paper is to evaluate the ability of the physically based land surface model SWAP to reproduce heat and water exchange processes that occur in mid‐latitude boreal grassland regions characterized by a clear seasonal course of hydrometeorological conditions, deep snow cover, seasonally frozen soil, as well as seasonally mobile and shallow water table depth. A unique set of hydrometeorological data measured over 18 years (1966–83) at the Usadievskiy catchment (grassland) situated in the central part of Valdai Hills (Russia) provides an opportunity to validate the model. To perform such validation in a proper way, SWAP is modified to take into account a shallow water table depth. The new model differs from its previous version mainly in the parameterization of water transfer in a soil column; besides that, it includes soil water–groundwater interaction. A brief description of the new version of SWAP and the results of its validation are presented.Simulations of snow density, snow depth, snow water equivalent, daily snow surface temperature, daily evaporation from snow cover, water yield of snow cover, water table depth, depth of soil freezing and thawing, soil water storage in two layers, daily surface and total runoff from the catchment, and monthly evaporation from the catchment are validated against observations on a long‐term basis. The root‐mean‐square errors (RMSEs) of simulations of soil water storage in the layers of 0–50 cm and 0–100 cm are equal to 16 mm and 24 mm respectively; the relative RMSE of simulated annual total runoff is 16%; the RMSE of daily snow surface temperature is 2·9 °C (the temperature varies from 0 to −46 °C); the RMSE of maximum snow water equivalent (whose value averaged over 18 years is equal to 147 mm) is 32 mm. Analysis of the results of validation shows that the new version of the model SWAP reproduces the heat and water exchange processes occurring in mid‐latitude boreal grassland reasonably well. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Suppression of growth and increased cellular attachment after expression of DAL‐1 in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells
Authors: Charboneau Aubri L. , Singh Vinita , Yu Tingxi , Newsham Irene F. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe differentially expressed in adenocarcinoma of the lung (DAL‐1) gene, which shares significant homology with members of the 4.1/ezrin/radixin/moesin/neurofibromatosis 2 (ERM/NF2) protein family, has previously been shown to suppress growth in lung cancer cell lines. This gene localizes to chromosome band 18p11.3, which undergoes loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas and a significant proportion of ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS) of the breast. This finding suggests that alteration of gene(s) (possibly DAL‐1) within this chromosomal region may be important early in the progression of breast disease. We generated MCF‐7 cell lines expressing DAL‐1 constitutively or under the control of an inducible promoter and analyzed the effect of DAL‐1 expression on growth. These investigations revealed that the DAL‐1 protein suppresses the growth of MCF‐7 cells and may do so in part through the induction of apoptosis. In addition, expression of DAL‐1 increased attachment of these cells to a variety of extracellular matrices. This is the first evidence that the DAL‐1 protein functions at the interface between cell adhesion and apoptosis in controlling cell growth. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential sensitivity to imatinib of 2 patients with metastatic sarcoma arising from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
Authors: Maki Robert G. , Awan Rashid A. , Dixon Richard H. , Jhanwar Suresh , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare superficial sarcoma usually affecting the trunk, with significant risk of local recurrence. It is characterized by the presence of ring chromosomes or chromosomal translocations fusing the promoter of the collagen gene COL1A1 to the platelet‐derived growth factor β‐chain gene PDGFB, increasing the production of PDGF locally and promoting autocrine or paracrine tumor growth. Fewer than 5% of patients with DFSP develop metastatic sarcoma, with a poor subsequent prognosis. Imatinib (STI‐571) was developed as an inhibitor of the PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase and has proven clinical activity against chronic myelogenous leukemia (expressing bcr‐abl) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (expressing c‐kit). We describe 2 patients with metastatic and unresectable metastases from DFSP treated with imatinib. After confirmation of negative CD117 status of 2 sarcomas arising from DFSP, patients were given imatinib 400 mg po qd and assessed at regular intervals for their tolerance and response to therapy. One patient had a transient response, then progressed rapidly and died of disease. Another patient showed a partial response to therapy after 2 months, with resolution of superior vena cava syndrome and shrinking of metastatic lung lesions. His response is ongoing after 6 months of therapy. These clinical data confirm findings from models of DFSP and support the use of imatinib in the rare setting of metastatic DFSP. Imatinib may be useful for patients with locally advanced DFSP, when other options for local therapy are limited. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The relation between wealth and labour market transitions: an empirical study for the Netherlands
Authors: Bloemen Hans G. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe study the relationship between wealth and labour market transitions. A lifecycle model, in which individuals are faced by uncertainty about the availability of jobs, serves as a basis for a reduced‐form specification for the probabilities of labour market transitions, which depend on wealth according to the model. Theory implies a negative effect of wealth on the probability of becoming or staying employed. This implication is tested for in a reduced‐from model of labour market transitions, in which we allow for random effects, initial conditions, and measurement error in wealth. Elasticities of transitions probabilities with respect to wealth are presented. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interfacial tensile strength between polymethylmethacrylate‐based bioactive bone cements and bone
Authors: Kamimura Masaki , Tamura Jiro , Shinzato Shuichi , Kawanabe Keiichi , Neo Masashi , Kokubo Tadashi , Nakamura Takashi 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe have developed two types of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)‐based bioactive bone cements containing bioactive glass beads (designated GBC) or apatite‐wollastonite containing glass‐ceramic powder (designated AWC) as the filler. A new method was used to evaluate the bone–cement interfacial strength of these bioactive bone cements. Two types of bioactive bone cements (GBC and AWC) and PMMA cement (CMW‐1) were put in a frame attached to the smooth tibial metaphyseal cortex of the rabbit and polymerized in situ. The load required to detach the cement from the bone was measured at 4, 8, and 16 weeks after implantation. The interfacial tensile strength of GBC and AWC showed significantly higher values than PMMA cement from 4 weeks, and increased with time. For GBC, strength reached a maximum value of 12.39 ± 1.79 kgf 16 weeks after implantation. Histological examination of rabbit tibiae up to 16 weeks demonstrated no intervening layer between the bioactive bone cements and the bone, whereas fibrous tissue was observed at the interface between the PMMA cement and the bone. From this study, we conclude that PMMA‐based bioactive bone cements have a relatively higher adhesiveness at the interface than the conventionally used PMMA cement, showing potential as a promising alternative. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 61: 564–571, 2002
Effects of dental resin components on vascular reactivity
Authors: Maddux William F. , Abebe Worku , Schuster George S. , Mozaffari Mahmood S. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe frequent use of resins in dentistry has raised the question of their compatibility with oral tissues. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of the resin components methyl methacrylate (MMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) on the reactivity of blood vessels using the isolated rat aorta as a tissue model. MMA, HEMA, and TEGDMA caused endothelium‐dependent and ‐independent relaxation of rat aortic rings in a concentration‐related manner. The endothelium‐dependent responses of the tissues to all the resins were significantly attenuated by N‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME), indicating the involvement of nitric oxide. The vasorelaxant effects of both MMA and TEGDMA on the intact and denuded aortae were markedly inhibited by indomethacin, providing evidence for the role of prostanoids in these responses. Glybenclamide selectively attenuated TEGDMA‐induced relaxation of the tissues with and without endothelium to a similar extent, suggesting the activation of vascular smooth muscle KATP channels by this resin. It is concluded that MMA, HEMA, and TEGDMA interfere with the function of blood vessels by inducing vasorelaxation via different mechanisms, which, depending upon the type of resin, may at least involve the release of nitric oxide and prostanoid(s), and the activation of smooth muscle KATP channels. These phenomena may play a role in tissue homeostasis and certain pathophysiological conditions associated with the application of resin materials to the oral environment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 61: 572–580, 2002
The biological effects of antiadhesion agents on activated RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Habara Toshihiro , Nakatsuka Mikiya , Konishi Hideki , Asagiri Kazuo , Noguchi Soichi , Kudohabara Takafumi 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe objective of this study is to determine the biological effects of various antiadhesion agents on macrophages, which play an essential role in wound healing and adhesion. To determine these effects, RAW264.7 macrophages were activated with lipopolysaccharide in the presence of antiadhesion agents: oxidized regenerated cellulose (oxyC), sodium hyaluronate (HA), dexamethasone (Dex), or chondroitin sulfate (CS). The release of nitric oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), or matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) from RAW264.7 was measured. We found that oxyC reduced the release of NO, IL‐6, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9, whereas it enhanced the release of VEGF. HA reduced the release of MMP‐2, whereas it enhanced the release of VEGF and NO. HA exhibited no significant effect on the release of IL‐6 or MMP‐9. Dex reduced the release of NO, VEGF, IL‐6, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9. CS reduced the release of VEGF, IL‐6, and MMP‐2, although it had no significant effect on the release of NO and MMP‐9. Antiadhesion agents, which have been clinically used as physical barriers, modulated the functions of macrophages. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 61: 628–633, 2002
Calculated platelet dose: Is it useful in clinical practice?
Authors: Askari Sabeen , Weik Phillip R. , Crosson John 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe corrected count increment (CCI) can standardize assessment of platelet transfusions by correcting for patient's body surface area (BSA) and platelet dose (PD). By using a fixed CCI and a desired post‐transfusion platelet count, CCI formula can be used to calculate PD. Our transfusion service has used the following formula since May 1990, to determine the number of platelet units to transfuse in non‐bleeding patients:

equation image
where, 7,000 is expected platelet count increment per unit transfused, and 1.7 is BSA in square meters in a normal adult. To evaluate its usefulness, a retrospective review was performed of all 2,202 platelet transfusions at our level‐one trauma center, between 1/1/98 and 12/31/00. Eighty‐three transfusions in 69 adult patients, in which a calculated PD was determined prior to transfusion, were evaluated for platelet increments at 1, 1–18, or 18–24 hours post‐transfusion. Transfusions that used the calculated PD (n = 49) were compared with those that were based on clinical judgment alone (n = 34). These two groups were comparable in their pre‐transfusion platelet counts, ABO compatibility, and unit storage duration. The mean calculated PD transfused in the first group was 6 U ± 1 standard deviation, which was not different from the second group (P = 0.2). There was no difference in the platelet count increments at 1, 1–18, or 18–24 hours post‐transfusion. This study suggests that using a PD based on the CCI formula does not reduce platelet usage when the routine PD is six or less platelet concentrates. J. Clin. Apheresis 17:103–105, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Therapeutic plasma exchange in recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis following transplantation
Authors: Shariatmadar S. , Noto T.A. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) recurs in 30% of renal allograft transplants with graft loss in half of the cases. A humoral factor may be implicated. We report on the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in 11 patients with recurrent FSGS post transplantation. Medical records from 1989–2000 were reviewed for 11 adults transplanted for biopsy proven FSGS. Ten patients developed proteinuria (x: 6.1 g; range: 3–40 g/24 h) within 2 months of transplantation. In 1 patient, proteinuria (4 g) occurred 2 years post transplantation. Biopsy in six patients revealed early recurrent FSGS, while in five, suspected recurrence was based on clinical findings. Each patient received 5–11 TPEs (x: 6) with the COBE Spectra, daily or on alternate days with 2.5–3.5 L 5% albumin as the replacement fluid. In four, FFP was included because of coagulopathy. All received immunosuppression (IS) during and after TPE. A persistent drop in 24 h urine protein (U.P.) was observed in 10/11 patients. Seven had >70% drop in 24 h U.P. following the course of TPE, while three had a reduction of 45–50%. No change occurred in 1 patient. Follow‐up (9 months–5 years) of seven patients has shown a persistent U.P. of <1 g with successful allograft survival. In these patients, TPE appeared effective in early recurrent FSGS. The decrease in U.P. may result from combined TPE and IS. Although the disease is designated in category III by the ASFA, TPE should be considered early when FSGS recurrence is established. J. Clin. Apheresis 17:78–83, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential regulation of P‐glycoprotein genes in primary rat hepatocytes by collagen sandwich and drugs
Authors: Lee Chow H. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractP‐glycoprotein (Pgp) is a small family of plasma membrane proteins, which are capable of transporting substrates across cell membranes. Class I and II Pgp are able to transport drugs and have been shown to mediate multidrug resistance (MDR). Class III Pgp is a long chain phospholipid transporter and does not mediate MDR. The regulation of all three Pgp genes is still poorly understood. For instance, it is not clear if the three Pgp genes are co‐regulated or differentially regulated by external stimuli. This study examined the effect of drugs and collagen sandwich system on expression and transcription of all the three Pgp genes in primary rat hepatocytes. Consistent with previous findings, dramatic overexpression (25‐fold) of Class II Pgp mRNA was seen, upon culturing of hepatocytes onto a single layered collagen gel. Hepatocytes sandwiched between two layers of collagen gel exhibited decreased (4.5‐fold) Class II Pgp mRNA expression as compared to the single layer system. Treatment of hepatocytes cultured on the single layer collagen system with cytoskeletal disrupting (cytochalasin D, colchicine) but not cytoskeletal stabilizing (phalloidin, taxol) drugs, suppressed Class II Pgp expression. In all cases, no change in Class II Pgp transcription was observed as demonstrated by nuclear run‐on studies. This suggests that collagen configuration and drugs affect Class II Pgp mRNA expression predominantly through post‐transcriptional mechanisms. In contrast, parallel increases in mRNA expression and transcription of Class I Pgp gene were observed upon culturing of hepatocytes, in the collagen sandwich system, and treatment with some drugs (cytochalasin D, colchicine, and phalloidin). This suggests that Class I Pgp gene is regulated primarily via transcriptional mechanisms by these stimuli. On the other hand, Class III Pgp gene appears to be post‐transcriptionally co‐regulated with Class II Pgp gene by treatment with the drugs, while collagen configuration affected both transcription and post‐transcription of Class III Pgp gene. Finally, dose‐dependent studies using cycloheximide provided further evidence that the two MDR‐associated genes are not co‐regulated. This study has implications for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of Pgp gene regulation. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 12–20, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sox9 transactivation and testicular expression of a novel human gene, KIAA0800
Authors: Zhao Ling‐Jun , Zhang Shangao , Chinnadurai G. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe Sry and Sox9 sex‐determination factors initiate and promote testis differentiation by gene transactivation through similar promoter elements. However, knowledge is limited concerning what genes are regulated by Sry/Sox9 in the testis. Identification and characterization of Sry/Sox9‐regulated genes are critical for understanding sexual differentiation. We now demonstrate that a novel human gene, KIAA0800, is preferentially expressed in the testis and is transactivated by Sox9. The KIAA0800 promoter is repressed by an upstream element involving a polyT track and two Alu repeats. Two specific Sox9‐bindings sites have been identified in the KIAA0800 promoter by using DNaseI footprinting assays and gel electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Sox9 transactivation of the KIAA0800 promoter appears to be exerted mainly through the relief of promoter repression. Genes homologous to the human KIAA0800 exist in organisms with differentiated sex tissues including mouse, Drosophila, and C. elegans, but not in unicellular organisms, including yeast and bacteria. Further, our recent sequence analysis shows that KIAA0800 protein is 97% identical between human and mouse. Thus, KIAA0800 is a novel Sox9‐activated gene that is evolutionarily conserved and potentially involved in sexual differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 277–289, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subcellular localization of the hypusine‐containing eukaryotic initiation factor 5A by immunofluorescent staining and green fluorescent protein tagging
Authors: Li‐En Jao David , Yu Chen Kuang 
Published: October 2002

AbstractEukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF‐5A) is the only protein in nature that contains hypusine, an unusual amino acid residue formed posttranslationally by deoxyhypusine synthase and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase. Although the eIF‐5A gene is essential for cell survival and proliferation, the precise function and localization of eIF‐5A remain unclear. In this study, we have determined the subcellular distribution of eIF‐5A by indirect immunofluorescent staining and by direct visualization of green fluorescent protein tagged eIF‐5A (GFP‐eIF5A). Immunofluorescent staining of the formaldehyde‐fixed cells showed that eIF‐5A was present in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Only the nuclear eIF‐5A was resistant to Triton extraction. Direct visualization of GFP tagged eIF‐5A in living cells revealed the same whole‐cell distribution pattern. However, a fusion of an additional pyruvate kinase (PK) moiety into GFP‐eIF‐5A precluded the nuclear localization of GFP‐PK‐eIF‐5A fusion protein. Fusion of the GFP‐PK tag with three different domains of eIF‐5A also failed to reveal any nuclear localization of the fusion proteins, suggesting the absence of receptor‐mediated nuclear import. Using interspecies heterokaryon fusion assay, we could detect the nuclear export of GFP‐Rev, but not of GFP‐eIF‐5A. The whole‐cell distribution pattern of eIF‐5A was recalcitrant to the treatments that included energy depletion, heat shock, and inhibition of transcription, translation, polyamine synthesis, or CRM1‐dependent nuclear export. Collectively, our data indicate that eIF‐5A gains nuclear entry via passive diffusion, but it does not undergo active nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 590–600, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reversible changes in the nuclear lamina induced by hyperthermia
Authors: Falloon Elizabeth A. , Dynlacht Joseph R. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe nuclear matrix (NM) has been identified as a potential target for heat‐induced cell killing. Previous studies have shown that heat‐shock may significantly modulate lamin B content. Since changes in NM structure have often been accompanied by changes in protein composition, we investigated whether hyperthermia induced changes in nuclear lamina (NL) structure in non‐tolerant and thermotolerant cells, and the implications of these changes on cell survival. Using indirect immunofluorescence techniques and confocal microscopy, we found that heating cells at 42 or 45.5°C caused invaginations and other distortions of the peripheral NL. While hyperthermia did not alter the number or structure of internal lamin B foci, heat‐induced alterations to the peripheral NL were dose‐dependent. Interestingly, NL structure recovered with time after heating in cells that were destined to live or die. Thermotolerant cells heated at 45.5°C showed similar initial changes in the NL compared to non‐tolerant cells, but recovery occurred much faster. Taken together, these results suggest that the amount of initial damage to the peripheral NL is not correlated with heat‐induced cell killing. However, the possibility that an increased rate of recovery might confer a survival advantage cannot be discounted. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 451–460, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Altered expression and localization of N‐myristoyltransferase in experimentally induced rat model of ischemia‐reperfusion
Authors: Rajala Raju V.S. , Kakkar Rakesh , Kanthan Rani , Radhi Jasim M. , Wang Xintao , Wang Rui , Datla Raju S.S. , Sharma Rajendra K. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractN‐myristoyltransferase (NMT) catalyzes the attachment of myristate onto the amino‐terminal glycine residue of select polypeptides. In the present study, we investigated the expression and activity of NMT in rat heart after ischemia and reperfusion. Western blot analysis of rat heart samples indicated a prominent immunoreactive band of 66 kDa probed with human NMT antibody. Both the expression and activity of NMT were increased by ischemia‐reperfusion. Immunohistochemical studies showed cytosolic localization of NMT in normal rat heart and predominant nuclear localization after ischemia followed by reperfusion. The pre‐ischemic perfusion and post‐ischemic reperfusion of hearts with a cell‐permeable calpain inhibitor (N‐Ac‐Leu‐Leu‐methioninal) suppressed the increase in calpain expression and reversed the localization of NMT from nucleus to cytoplasm. This is the first study demonstrating the expression and alteration of NMT localization in cardiac ischemia and pertaining to a possible role of co‐translational modification of proteins in cardiac functions and injury. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 509–519, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.