bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Illicit Drug and High-Risk Alcohol Use among Adolescents Living in Urban Slums of Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Kalungi Hellen , Kamacooko Onesmus , Lunkuse Jane Frances , Namutebi Joy , Naluwooza Rose , Price Matt A. , Ruzagira Eugene , Mayanja Yunia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background; Illicit drug and high risk alcohol use among adolescents leads to poor health outcomes. We enrolled adolescents from urban slums in Kampala, Uganda, to assess baseline prevalence, and factors associated with illicit drug and high-risk alcohol consumption.
Methods; We conducted a cross-sectional study using data collected in a cohort that enrolled 14-19-year-old male and female participants from 25-March-2019 to 30-March 2020. Data was collected on social-demographics, sexual behavior and reproductive health using interviewer administered questionnaires. The main outcomes were illicit drug use and high-risk alcohol use. Data on alcohol use was collected using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT); results were dichotomized. Factors associated with each outcome were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.
Results; We enrolled 490 participants (60.6% female) with median age 18 (IQR 17-18) years, 91.0% had less than secondary education, 48.4% had their sexual debut before 15years, 47.1% reported paid sex in the past 3 months and 24.7% had a sexually transmitted infection (chlamydia, gonorrhea and/ or active syphilis) at enrolment.
The prevalence of illicit drug use was 34.9% while 16.1% were screened as high-risk alcohol users. Illicit drug use was associated with being male (aOR 9.62; 95% CI 5.74-16.11), being married (aOR 2.24; 95%CI 1.07-4.68) and having ≥10 paying sexual partners in the past 3 months (aOR 3.13; 95%CI 1.40-6.98). High risk alcohol use was associated with reporting sex work as the main job (aOR 3.19; 95%CI 1.02-9.94) and having experienced physical (aOR 1.96 95%CI 1.01-3.81) or emotional violence (aOR 2.08; 95%CI 1.14-3.82) from sexual partners.
Conclusion: Illicit drug and high-risk alcohol use are prevalent among adolescents involved in high risk sexual behavior and living in urban slums of Kampala. Comprehensive interventions that target substance use among this group of young people are needed and should include measures against intimate partner violence.
Quality of life and survival assessments of tissue defect salvage reconstruction with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap following oral-maxillofacial malignancy resection
Authors: Song Peijun , Zhuo Feng , Liang Qiu , Yan Mingming , Li Jiancheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of life and survival of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) in soft tissue defect after resection of oral and maxillofacial malignancies.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 56 patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial malignancy removal with tissue defect from 1st January 2015 to 1st January 2018. The Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head & Neck scale and the Kaplan-Meier method were used to assess the quality of life and survival rate, respectively.
Results: The grafted PMMFs had a satisfactory survival condition in all 56 cases. Compared with the preoperative period, the questionnaire at 6 months postoperatively showed a remarkable improvement in patients’ physical well-being, social/family well-being, emotional well-being, functional well-being, additional head and neck concerns as well as total score (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 3-year and 5-year survival rates calculated by Kaplan-Meier method were 48.2% and 42.1%, respectively.
Conclusions: Within the restrictions of this study, PMMF is a promising method for
salvage reconstruction of tissue defects after oral-maxillofacial malignancy resection due to it’s constant anatomical structure, abundant tissue volume, high survival rate and effective improvement of patients’ quality of life.
TopoRoot+: Computing Whorl and Soil Line Traits of Maize Roots from CT Imaging
Authors: Ju Yiwen , Liu Alexander E. , Oestreich Kenan , Wang Tina , Topp Christopher N. , Ju Tao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: The use of 3D imaging techniques, such as X-ray CT, in root phenotyping has become more widespread in recent years. However, due to the complexity of root structure, analyzing the resulting 3D volumes to obtain detailed architectural traits of the root system remains a challenging computational problem. Two types of root features that are notably missing from existing computational image-based phenotyping methods are the whorls of a nodal root system and soil line in an excavated root crown. Knowledge of these features would give biologists deeper insights into the structure of nodal roots and the below- and above-ground root properties.
Results: We developed TopoRoot+, a computational pipeline that computes architectural traits from 3D X-ray CT volumes of excavated maize root crowns. TopoRoot+ builds upon the TopoRoot software [1], which computes a skeleton representation of the root system and produces a suite of fine-grained traits including the number, geometry, connectivity, and hierarchy level of individual roots. TopoRoot+ adds new algorithms on top of TopoRoot to detect whorls, their associated nodal roots, and the soil line location. These algorithms offer a new set of traits related to whorls and soil lines, such as internode distances, root traits at every hierarchy level associated with a whorl, and aggregate root traits above or below the ground. TopoRoot+ is validated on a diverse collection of field-grown maize root crowns consisting of nine genotypes and spanning across three years, and it exhibits reasonable accuracy against manual measurements for both whorl and soil line detection. TopoRoot+ runs in minutes for a typical downsampled volume size of 4003 on a desktop workstation. Our software and test dataset are freely distributed on Github.
Conclusions: TopoRoot+ advances the state-of-the-art in image-based root phenotyping by offering more detailed architectural traits related to whorls and soil lines. The efficiency of TopoRoot+ makes it well-suited for high-throughput image-based root phenotyping.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 19: a series of patients from Latin America. Phenotypic spectrum from early-onset to late-onset slowly progressive ataxia
Authors: Avila-Jaque Diana , Martin Fernanda , Bustamante M. Leonor , Álvarez Mariana Luna , Fernández José Manuel , de Montellano David José Dávila Ortiz , Pardo Rosa , Varela Diego , C. Marcelo Miranda 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia 19 (SCA19) represents a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder resulting in progressive ataxia and cerebellar atrophy. It is caused by variants in the KCND3 gene, which encodes a voltage-gated potassium channel subunit, essential for cerebellar Purkinje cell function. We present 6 cases from Chile and México, representing the largest report of SCA19 in Latin America. These cases encompass a range of clinical presentations, highlighting the phenotypic variability within SCA19, from an early-onset more severe disease to a late-onset slowly progressive condition with normal lifespan. While some cases manifest with pure ataxia, others present with cognitive impairment, dystonia and other neurological symptoms. The correlation between specific KCND3 variants and phenotypic outcomes is complex and warrants further investigation. Whole exome sequencing has emerged as a valuable diagnostic tool, aiding in the identification of genetic causes of ataxia. As the genetic landscape of spinocerebellar ataxias evolves, comprehensive genetic testing becomes pivotal in improving diagnosis accuracy. This study contributes to a better understanding of SCA19’s clinical spectrum, for future genotype-phenotype correlations and potential functional studies that could elucidate the underlying pathophysiology of this condition.
H3K36 methyltransferase GhKMT3;1a and GhKMT3;2a promote flowering in upland cotton
Authors: Ju Jisheng , Ling Pingjie , Luo Jin , Wei Wei , Li Ying , Yuan Wenming , Wang Caixiang , Su Junji 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
SET DOMAIN GROUP (SDG) proteins act as histone lysine methyltransferases, which play pivotal roles in a variety of developmental processes, such as flowering determination, by modifying chromatin structure to regulate related gene transcription. Although there is extensive evidence that histone methylation plays a key role in plant growth and development, especially H3K36 methylation in Arabidopsis, little information is available for cotton.
Results
A total of 86 SDG genes were identified through genome-wide analysis of the Gossypium hirsutum genome. Subsequently, we thoroughly studied Arabidopsis, G. arboreum, and G. raimondii homologs and conducted a comprehensive analysis of their gene structure and conserved domain organization. A total of 12 conserved domains were detected in 86 GhSDGs and classified into seven main classes to clarify their evolutionary relationship, which was unevenly distributed across 25 chromosomes of G. hirsutum. Transcriptome data analysis of tissue and developmental stage expression showed that the GhSDG gene was expressed in different tissues, with high expression levels in the flowering stage and floral organs such as stamens and pistils, especially for KMT3 classes involved in activation of flowering, showing dramatically changed expression patterns. Subsequently, we performed reverse transcription-quantitative PCR for 8 KMT3 classes of GhSDGs in eight tissues (root, stem, leaf, sepal, petals, bud, stamens and pistils). In addition, two predicted GhSDG genes (GhKMT3;1a and GhKMT3;2a) were shown to regulate cotton development by virus-induced gene silencing. Budding and flowering were delayed in upland cotton plants with silenced GhKMT3;1a and GhKMT3;2a, and plant height was also lowered. We found that GhKMT3;1a and GhKMT3;2a-mediated H3K36 methylation regulates the expression of flowering-related genes and plays an important role in the flowering of upland cotton.
Conclusion
We comprehensively identified 86 GhSDG genes in upland cotton. Our data indicate that GhKMT3;1a and GhKMT3;2a-mediated H3K36 methylation regulate the expression of flowering-related genes and play an important role in the growth and development of cotton plants. These findings may also lay a foundation for breeding early-maturing cotton varieties in the future.
Measuring the Coverage of the HL7® FHIR® Standard in Supporting Data Acquisition for 3 Public Health Registries
Authors: Bikkanuri Manju , Robins Taiquitha T. , Wong Lori , Seker Emel , Greer Melody L. , Williams Tremaine B. , Garza Maryam Y. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With the increasing need for timely submission of data to state and national public health registries, current manual approaches to data acquisition and submission are insufficient. In clinical practice, federal regulations are now mandating the use of data messaging standards, i.e., the Health Level Seven (HL7®) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR®) standard, to facilitate the electronic exchange of clinical (patient) data. In both research and public health practice, we can also leverage FHIR® ‒ and the infrastructure already in place for supporting exchange of clinical practice data ‒ to enable seamless exchange between the electronic medical record and public health registries. That said, in order to understand the current utility of FHIR® for supporting the public health use case, we must first measure the extent to which the standard resources map to the required registry data elements. Thus, using a systematic mapping approach, we evaluated the level of completeness of the FHIR® standard to support data collection for three public health registries (Trauma, Stroke, and National Surgical Quality Improvement Program). On average, approximately 80% of data elements were available (71%, 77%, and 92%, respectively) in FHIR®. This tells us that there is the potential for significant automation to support EHR-to-Registry data exchange, which will reduce the amount of manual, error-prone processes and ensure higher data quality. Further, identification of the remaining 20% of data elements that are “not mapped” will enable us to improve the standard and develop profiles that will better fit the registry data model.
Multi-element determination in craft chocolate with different cocoa contents using ultrasound-assisted extraction and dilute acid as sample preparation
Authors: Santana Giovana , Rodrigues Romulo , Brandão Geisamanda , Costa Vinicius , Carneiro MARIA T W D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work evaluated the efficiency of an ultrasound-assisted extraction method using diluted acids to determine micronutrients and toxic elements in samples of craft chocolates with different cocoa content. Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, and Zn were determined through Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and As, Cd, and Pb through Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). For method optimization, the Mixture Plan type simplex-centroid was used, investigating HNO3 (nitric acid), HCl (hydrochloric acid), and CH2O2 (formic acid) in the evaluation of the best extracting solution. The optimal condition indicated the usage of 10 mL of HNO3 (2.0 mol L− 1) for extracting analytes from a mass of 200 mg at 50 ± 5 ºC for 10 minutes of sonication. From the optimized method, limits of quantification vary from 0.030 mg kg− 1 to 15 mg kg− 1 for As and P, respectively, and precision is expressed as relative standard deviation (%RSD) below 10%. Aiming to evaluate the influence of cocoa content and the chocolate production region, the method analyzed 17 samples of craft chocolate from two different suppliers. The results were assessed by principal component analysis and demonstrated a possible influence of cocoa planting location in the presence of micronutrients and product concentrations. The concentration range of analytes found in the samples was compared with the daily recommended ingestion (DRI) values, concluding that this follows the maximum recommended values.
Psychological Capital Factors Play the Multiple Mediation Role between Interpersonal Sensitivity and Depressive Symptoms among College Students
Authors: Xu Haibo , Wang Zhen , Zhang Chaoran , Xu Jingwen , Shen Ziheng , Peng Lixin , Mi Yanyan , Liu Xin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Current interpersonal sensitivity among college students is easily linked to mood disorders such as anxiety, depression and other mood disorders. This study aims to examine the mediating role of psychological capital and its dimensions in the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and depressive symptoms among college students. The cross-sectional survey was conducted across six Chinese universities between November and December 2022. The questionnaire consists of the Interpersonal Sensitivity sub-scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire and the Socio-Demographic Feature Questionnaire. A total of 2580 respondents participated in the survey, with the majority being females (69.73%) and an average age of 19.22 ± 1.28 years. Descriptive and correlation analyses were performed using SPSS v24.0, while direct and indirect effects were analyzed using PROCESS v3.4 macro. The findings revealed that interpersonal sensitivity had a significant direct effect on depression symptoms among college students (β = 0.416, 95% Boot CI [0.380, 0.453], p < 0.001) Additionally, psychological capital and its components were found to be negatively correlated with depression (p < 0.001). Further analysis demonstrated that hope, resilience, and optimism significantly mediated the association between interpersonal sensitivity and depressive symptoms (indirect effect: hope = 0.056, resilience = 0.099, optimism = 0.074; p < 0.001 for all). These results suggest that psychological capital, including its dimensions of hope, resilience and optimism, plays a crucial role in mitigating the negative effects of interpersonal sensitivity on depressive symptoms in college students.
Diagnostic value of urinary routine, renal function, tuberculosis antibody test, and t-cell spot tests for tuberculosis infection in urinary tuberculosis
Authors: li yanyan , Wang yachun , wei lukuan , wang wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To examine the clinical utility of urinary routine and renal function、Tuberculosis antibody test (TB-DOT) or T-cell spot tests for TB infection(T-SPOT.TB) in blood, either separately or in combination, for the diagnosis of urinary tuberculosis (UTB).
Methods
Retrospective analysis of urinary routine, renal function, TB-DOT, and T-SPOT.TB - alone and/or in combination - for the diagnosis of UTB in 95 suspected patients from January 2020 to December 2022 in our institution.
Results
Patients in the UTB group had statistically different white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), creatinine (Crea), TB-DOT, and T-SPOT.TB levels or positivity rates compared to those in the non-UTB group (P < 0.05). For individual assays, T-SPOT.TB had the highest specificity and PPV (100.0%, 100.0%); WBC had the highest AUC (0.847) and was significantly higher than Urea (P < 0.05); TB-DOT and RBC had relatively good sensitivity (85.7%, 88.9%). In addition, WBC correlated with both TB-DOT (r = 0.251, P > 0.05) and T-SPOT.TB (r = 0.270, P < 0.05). In the parallel combined WBC, Crea, TB-DOT, and T-SPOT.TB assay, the sensitivity of WBC + TB-DOT + T-SPOT.TB (93.1%) was superior to WBC + TB-DOT (90.3%) and the NPV (87.5%) was higher than WBC + T-SPOT.TB (81.0%), both of which were superior to WBC + Crea + TB-DOT + T-SPOT.TB (35.1%, 40.0%), and its AUC (0.930) were the largest.
Conclusion
In the early identification of UTB, the sensitivity of T-SPOT.TB or TB-DOT tests are higher than that urine routine and renal function tests. The parallel combination of WBC, TB-DOT, and T-SPOT.TB has better diagnostic efficacy for UTB, which is beneficial for rapid clinical diagnosis of UTB.
Circular RNA MTCL1 targets SMAD3 by sponging miR‐145‐5p for regulation of cell proliferation and migration in Hirschsprung’s disease
Authors: Wang Chen , Luo Caiyun , Yang Yang , Hou Xinwei , Li Nan , Yang Jiaming , Yang Huirong , Wu Kai , Yang YangLiucheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder due to abnormal development of the enteric nervous system (ENS). Given the complexity of its pathogenesis, it is important to investigate the role of epigenetic inheritance in its development. As Circ-MTCL1 is abundant in brain tissue and colon tissue, whether it has a significant part in the development of ENS is worth exploring. This study clarifies its role in HSCR and determines the specific molecular mechanisms.Methods Diseased and dilated segment colon tissues diagnosed as HSCR were gathered, and the expression level of genes was detected using RT-PCR. EdU and CCK-8 assays were adopted to evaluate cell proliferation, and Transwell assay was adopted to assess cell migration. The interaction between Circ-MTCL1, miR-145-5p and SMAD3 was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter gene analysis, RT-PCR and Western blotting.Results The expression of Circ-MTCL1 was down-regulated in HSCR diseased segment colon tissues. The low expression of Circ-MTCL1 caused a reduction in cell migration and proliferation. Bioinformatics analysis and cellular experiments confirmed that its action may be related to the inhibition of miR-145-5p. The expression of miR-145-5p was up-regulated in HSCR diseased segment colon tissues, which was negatively correlated with Circ-MTCL1. The overexpression of miR-145-5p reversed the suppressive effect of Circ-MTCL1 down-regulation on cell migration and proliferation. The overexpression of miR-145-5p eliminated the suppressive effect on cell migration and proliferation. The expression of SMAD3 was inhibited by MiR-145-5p. The overexpression of SMAD3 eliminated the suppressive effect of miR-145-5p on cell migration and proliferation.Conclusions Circ-MTCL1 may function as a miR-145-5p sponge for regulating the expression of SMAD3 and affect cell migration and proliferation to participate in the development of HSCR.
Reliability of left ventricular hemodynamic forces derived from feature-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance.
Authors: Ismailov Temirlan , Khamitova Zaukiya , Jumadilova Dinara , Khissamutdinov Nail , Toktarbay Bauyrzhan , Zholshybek Nurmakhan , Rakhmanov Yeltay , Salustri Alessandro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hemodynamic forces (HDF) analysis has been proposed as a method to quantify intraventricular pressure gradients, however data on its reliability are still scanty. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the reliability of HDF parameters derived from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).
Methods
CMR studies of 25 athletes were analysed by two independent observers and then re-analysed by the same observer one week apart. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC [95% CI]) and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess association, agreement, and bias of the longitudinal (A-B) HDF, transverse (L-S) HDF, and Impulse Angle.
Results
In terms of inter-observer variability, there was a good correlation for the A-B and L-S (ICC 0.85[0.67–0.93] and 0.86[0.69–0.94]; p < 0.001 for both, respectively) and a moderate correlation for the Impulse Angle (ICC 0.73[0.39–0.87]; p = 0.001). For intra-observer variability, A-B and L-S showed excellent correlation (ICC 0.91[0.78–0.93] and 0.93[0.83–0.97]; p < 0.001 for both, respectively). Impulse Angle presented good correlation (ICC 0.80[0.56–0.90]; p < 0.001). Frame selection and aortic valve area measurements were the most vulnerable step in terms of reliability of the method.
Conclusion
The results of this study showed a low inter- and intra-observer variability of HDF parameters derived from feature-tracking CMR. This provides the fundamental basis for their use both in research and clinical practice, which could eventually lead to the detection of significant changes at follow-up studies.