bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental Attitudes on Social Media Monitoring for Youth: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Cohen Alyssa , Bendelow Anne , Smith Tracie , Cicchetti Colleen , Davis Matthew M , Heffernan Marie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Online environments dominate the daily lives of American youth and pose evolving challenges to their health and well-being. Recent national poll data indicate that social media overuse, internet safety, and online bullying are among parents’ top child health concerns, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. While parents are uniquely positioned to help youth navigate social media, their attitudes on monitoring media use may be impacted by a myriad of personal and family factors.

Objective
This study aimed to examine factors associated with parental attitudes about monitoring social media use among youth.

Methods
Data were analyzed from the Voices of Child Health in Chicago Parent Panel Survey, administered to parents over the web and by telephone. Parents with at least 1 child aged ≥11 years responded to questions about bullying and social media monitoring from May to July 2020. The primary outcome was their response to the following question: “Do you think parents should monitor their children’s use of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram?” Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine parental agreement with frequent social media monitoring and concerns about bullying, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. Analyses were weighted to represent the parent population of Chicago.

Results
Among 1613 survey respondents, the analyzed sample included 808 parents with at least 1 child aged ≥11 years. Overall, 62.9% (n=566) of parents agreed with frequent parental monitoring of their children’s social media use. Compared with parents aged ≤35 years, parents who were >35 years old were significantly less likely to agree with frequent social media monitoring (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.45, 95% CI 0.25-0.81). Parents expressing a high level of concern regarding the effects of bullying were more likely to agree with frequent monitoring of youth social media (aOR 2.15, 95% CI 1.24-3.73).

Conclusions
Parents’ personal characteristics and concerns about bullying may influence their attitudes toward monitoring social media use among youth. Given the potential impact of these attitudes on parental monitoring behaviors and the subsequent health impact on youth, pediatricians should consider these factors when counseling about bullying and social media. Child health professionals can support families in developing a safe media use plan that fits family circumstances.
Implementasi Metode Six Sigma untuk Mengurangi Defect pada Proses Produksi Kemasan Kopi Instan Butiran Coklat di PT. XYZ
Authors: Suwandi Arief , Rasjidin Roesfianjah , Amperajaya M. Derajat , Cholik Abdul 
Published: November 2023

PT. XYZ memproduksi berbagai jenis kopi dimana produk kopi instan butiran coklat merupakan produk yang paling diminati baik lokal maupun ekspor. Terdapat banyak variasi kemasan dalam produksi butiran coklat yang ditambahkan ke kopi instan dan dengan menggunakan Key Performance Indicators (KPI), ditentukan bahwa penggunaan bahan pengemas produk Chocogranule menghasilkan tingkat waste atau error yang tinggi sebesar 1,44% (nilai indikatif 0,7%). Penelitian bertujuan mengatasi masalah dengan memperbaiki proses produksi sehingga mengurangi limbah kemasan butiran coklat. Perusahaan dapat mengetahui dengan jelas kualitas produk yang diproduksi dan posisi kualitas produk di pasar. Penerapan metode Six Sigma dapat meningkatkan kinerja mesin dan volume penjualan dengan mengurangi jumlah produk cacat, dan penggunaan 5W + 2H menghasilkan faktor penyebab cacat pada produk butiran coklat.
Manifestations of catastrophic Turkish earthquakes February 6, 2023 in Kryvbas
Authors: Kendzera O.V. , Pigulevskiy P.G. , Andrushchenko Yu.A. , Semenova Yu.V. , Shcherbina S.V. , Svystun V.K. , Kalinichenko O.O. , Liashchuk O.I. 
Published: November 2023

We analyzed the impact of powerful Turkish earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, including a magnitude 7.8 Mw earthquake at 01:17:36 (UTC) in Kahramanmarash—Gaziantep, a magnitude 6.7/6.3 Mw earthquake at 01:28:21 (UTC), and a magnitude 7.5 Mw earthquake at 10:24:50 in Ekinoz—Kahramanmarash, on the territory of Ukraine, particularly in the city of Kryvyi Rih.The study involved the examination of algorithms for processing data recorded at seismic stations belonging to the S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Main Center for Special Control of t he State Space Agency of Ukraine. The analysis of digital records from these Turkish earthquakes provided ground shaking intensity parameters at the recording points: Odesa and KryvyiRih had intensity levels below 3, Kremenchuk recorded 2, and Poltava and Kyiv registered 1. The resulting isoseismal map illustrates that the attenuation of wave intensity from the Turkish earthquakes depended on the geotectonic structure of the Ukrainian territory through which the seismic vibrations propagated.
The monitoring of the water level in a deep well recorded changes in geodynamic (hydrodeformation) processes following the powerful Turkish earthquakes on February 6, 2023. We found the level of fault-fracture groundwater in the territory of Kryvbaswas affected bythe earthquakes. The calculation of the propagation velocity in the upper part of the lithosphere of the rock deformation front showed a value of ≈19.0 km/min (0.5 km/min).Concurrently, a decrease in the groundwater level by 2—3 cm was recorded, making it possible to conclude that after the earthquake, short-period stretchings of the earth’s crust occurred, both in the zone of the Kryvyi Rih—Kremenchutsky fault and over the Ukrainian Shield, in in general.
The calculated amplitude-frequency characteristics for the geological environment on the territory of Kryvyi Rih revealed that the maximum acceleration of seismic vibrations on the free-soil surface increases relative to bedrock by about 4 times in the frequency range from 1.2 Hz to 1.75 Hz.
Some aspects of direct participation of the people in the exercise of state power
Authors: Berch V.V. 
Published: November 2023

The scientific article examines some aspects of the people's direct participation in the exercise of state power.
Defined, direct democracy, a system of government in which citizens, rather than elected officials, vote directly on major national issues, is supported by about two-thirds of the population worldwide, with little difference in opinion between regions.
It has been established that the direct exercise of power by the people should be distinguished from other legitimate types of public-authority powers. Along with this, the specified term-concept can be considered as: a separate full-fledged institution of constitutional law, the normative consolidation of which involves a set of relevant material and procedural legal norms; a complex system of social relations in the sphere of implementation of people's power with observance of the basic fundamental legal principles, in particular, the principle of people's sovereignty.
Emphasized, views on the economy are closely related to satisfaction with democracy. A public that has experienced high rates of economic growth and is satisfied with their country's economy has more confidence in the national government. Similarly, people who support the ruling party or parties in general in their country tend to rate their democracy more positively than those who support either the opposition or no political party at all.
It is noted that the level of satisfaction with democracy varies significantly in different regions and countries and even within the country. People's assessments of the functioning of democracy differ significantly depending on their economic attitudes and party orientations.
It has been determined that public authorities that initiate referendum votes tend to seek legitimacy for policies on the government agenda, regularly advocate for a positive vote, and will have many ways to influence the process and outcome, including official communication resources.
It is emphasized that the natural (organic) right of the people to directly participate in the formation of state policy for the benefit of socially significant interests is an integral indicator of the development of democratic processes in every state.
Staffing in the legal sector: current issues
Authors: Leshanych L. , Tsipkal A.M. 
Published: November 2023

The article offers a study of current problems in jurisprudence, namely, the problems of higher legal education (methods and quality of education), the problem of employment of the younger generation, and the problem of uncontrolled corruption, which is the basis for all of the above. The study identifies alternative solutions to the problematic issues and ways to improve the current state of jurisprudence so that it could be in line with European standards. The author also highlights the weaknesses of this field that require attention from society and immediate action by the authorities.
The article points out that under modern conditions, the place of public service staffing in the legal field is becoming fundamentally important and is studied through the prism of recent changes in Ukrainian legislation. It is shown that the organization of public service in modern conditions involves a significant number of interrelated forms and procedures of staffing. The relevant forms include: determination of the strategy of organizational work and staffing; training and preparation work; recruitment and selection of personnel; appointment and filling of positions, placement of personnel; and ensuring the service. It is established that the forms of personnel support outline the boundaries of the relevant personnel procedures. The author identifies and characterizes the specifics of personnel procedures implemented within the framework of these forms of personnel support (for example, within the framework of strategic organizational work and staffing, procedures for calculating the number of public service personnel, positive incentives for this service, etc.) It is theorized that the correct combination of available forms and procedures of staffing contributes to a real increase in the efficiency of the jurisprudence as a whole based on the qualitative use of employees' potential without increasing the time and resources required for staff maintenance.
The article explains the needs of the modern labor market, and emphasizes that a university degree is not an indicator of the future employee's intelligence and qualifications, as statistics show that 80% of the unemployed are people with higher education.
In this context, staffing is a preventive tool and a means of preventing corruption, an additional means for compliance with ethical behavior standards and an extra measure for strengthening the institution of responsibility, as well as the basis for the rational use of human resources in public.
Immunity of a lawyer in a civil proceeding
Authors: Hetmantsev O. 
Published: November 2023

The article carries out a legal analysis of issues related to the characterization of the content of the concept of legal immunity and the features of the procedural immunity of a lawyer, as a representative of a participant in a case in civil proceedings to implement the function of procedural representation in court of the interests of a person (physical, legal) by taking procedural actions on his behalf with the aim of passing a legal and justified court decision in its interests.
It is emphasized that during the period of reforming the national legal system of Ukraine as a whole and its individual elements, which is constantly in dynamic development and this leads to the emergence of new legal norms and the need to improve the existing rules of behavior in our society in order to achieve civilized and humane approaches in ensuring development in Ukraine, a social state with a stable form of law-making and legal regulation.
Human and citizen rights are elevated to the rank of the European standard, and therefore require effective protection by national courts.
It has been established that judicial protection will be effective only when not only the priority of a person's interests is achieved, but also the provision of qualified legal assistance through the institution of advocacy is guaranteed by the state.
Enshrining in Article 59 of the Constitution the right of everyone to professional legal assistance [1] and the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Advocacy and Advocacy” [2] did not remove the relevance of questions about the legal nature and social status of this human rights body, about guarantees for the protection of the lawyer's interests in the implementation him of professional activity in civil justice.
The article provides the author's definition of the concept of immunity of a lawyer and reveals its procedural content and highlights its features.
The influence of economic factors on the formation and development of banking law in the Austrian monarchy (second half of the 18th - mid-19th centuries)
Authors: Borys I. 
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the influence of economic factors on the formation and development of banking law in the Austrian monarchy (second half of the 18th - mid-19th centuries). It is noted that at the beginning of the 18th century. Austria was an agrarian country with a typical medieval economy, unadapted to changing realities, with weak fiscal and tax systems. The lack of reforms, excessive spending on the army, low tax revenues led to a constant increase in debt. The emerging situation forced the Austrian imperial court to seek answers to complex economic issues.
It was established that the solution to the economic problems of the state took place within the framework of scientific discussions of the Austrian economic school, the roots of which go back to the 15th century. At first, its representatives were mainly Dominicans and Jesuits, teachers of theology in universities, who were the main centers of philosophical thought of that time. They substantiated cause-and-effect relationships, discovered and explained the laws of supply and demand, the causes of inflation, the subjective nature of economic value, etc. Austrian economists were defenders of property rights and free trade, and opposed price controls and restrictions that stifled entrepreneurship. The huge number of monetary transactions carried out on the Austrian market could not be fully regulated if the money accumulated by banks through deposits was not used.
Itis shown that one of theimportant achievements of economists of the XVII-XVIII centuries. the introduction of a dynamic concept of competition, which is understood as an entrepreneurial process of rivalry, which moves the market and accelerates the development of civilization. This idea formed the basis of the Austrian market theory. Another fundamental element of Austrian economic thought was the principle of time superiority, according to which present goods, other things being equal, are valued higher than future ones.
It was determined that banking activity in the Austrian monarchy was determined by the economic situation and directly depended on the political situation. The numerous wars that Austria waged during the period under study had a negative impact on the country's financial condition, forcing the government to take loans both from other states and from its own rich citizens. The period of the middle of the XVIII - the beginning of the XIX centuries. in the Habsburg monarchy was characterized by the instability of the financial system and the banking sector in particular. At that time, the regulation of the legal foundations of banking activity and the creation of the National Bank of Austria, designed to promote financial stability and economic development, occurred. However, the banking legislation had a number of shortcomings, the elimination of which fell on the second half of the 19th century.
Some aspects of shares accounting legal regulation for limited liability company members
Authors: Palchuk P.M. 
Published: November 2023

The article deals with the provisions regarding the accounting of company shares in the shares accounting system of limited liability companies as well as of companies with additional liability. This legal institute is brand new in the law system of Ukraine. The purpose of this legal institute is to introduce European standards for corporate governance in limited liability companies (as in companies with additional liability also) as well as to provide additional protection guarantees for rights and legitimate interests of corporate rights owners in companies.
The provisions of the legislation regarding the accounting of company shares in the accounting system of limited liability companies shares have an alternative nature, however, the final decision remains with the participants of a certain limited liability company, since the implemented system of accounting for limited liability company shares is similar to the current system of depository accounting of securities, but it will be applied in a voluntary manner by the unanimous decision of the certain company members, if the expediency of such accounting shares and compliance with the rights of participants in corporate legal relations in the context of limited liability companies activities will be proved for the members of the company.
As of today, the question remains unanswered as to which version of accounting for shares will be preferred by certain limited liability company participants, taking into account the lack of practice need for applying relevant legal norms, in particular, the practice of applying norms by the Supreme Court and other courts, which should be formed after 01.01.2024.
The Central Securities Depository protection of corporate rights against illegal acquisition by third parties (raiding) is determined by the advantages of shares accounting for limited liability company participants. The ability to clearly determine the moment of acquisition of limited liability company participant share rights as well as to control over the commission of other transactions, the subject of which is the share of limited liability company member is determined by the advantages of shares accounting for limited liability company participants also. The possibility of using the electronic resources of the Central Securities Depository in the part of implementing corporate management of a limited liability company or a company with additional liability is determined by the advantages of shares accounting for limited liability company participants also.
Mortgage for Land Plots
Authors: Povedyonkova І. 
Published: November 2023

The information discussed relates to the legal aspects of mortgaging land plots located in Ukraine. The joint ownership of land implies the division of the land plot into shares between co-owners. A land plot may be mortgaged with the consent of all co­owners in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine, namely the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Land Code of Ukraine, the Family Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Mortgage”, the Law of Ukraine "On Notaries”.
The designated purpose of a land plot plays an important role in its use for intended purpose; if the land plot is used for another purpose, it is necessary to change the designated purpose based on the current legislation of Ukraine. Changing the designated purpose of a land plot can be a complicated process and requires good reasons. In particular, agricultural land plots may be pledged only by banks with a relevant license.
According to the applicable laws of Ukraine, mortgagors are not restricted in their rights in connection with the signing of the mortgage agreement and have the right to use the land plot for its intended purpose, to construct houses, estates, buildings, etc. on the mortgaged land plot, unless otherwise provided for in the agreement. In the case of a mortgage of land plots with existing buildings, structures and plantations owned by third parties, their rights and obligations may be transferred to the mortgagee upon foreclosure on such land plot only in the event of failure to comply with the terms of the loan and mortgage agreement.
When entering into a mortgage agreement, under the current legislation of Ukraine, the said agreement must be notarized. The documents required for the notarization of a mortgage agreement for a land plot include the location, composition and designated purpose of the plot, its value and title, etc.
When reviewing this information, it is important to keep in mind that a mortgage on a land plot has its own specific restrictions and requirements based directly on the current legislation of Ukraine.
Foreign experience, and domestic practice of legal regulation of special principles of administrative procedure
Authors: Ihnatchenko I.H. , Hryhorenko B.V. 
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of special principles of administrative procedure. The author has studied the administrative procedure legislation of Germany, Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan, Croatia, Switzerland, Lithuania, and Austria. The authors compare the legislative provisions on special principles of administrative procedure of these countries with the legislation of Ukraine with the Law of Ukraine «On Administrative Procedure» which is coming into force.
It is noted that administrative procedure is not homogeneous and standard, but rather has many features and variations depending on: (a) a specific area of public administration, (b) goals, objectives, and functions of executive authorities, and (c) national traditions and international standards. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comparative legal analysis of the special principles of administrative procedure that determine the specifics of their legal regulation in different national legal systems.
The authors identify a system of four «layers» of principles applicable to administrative procedure. Among them, the author distinguishes the following: (1) general legal principles; (2) principles of administrative law; (3) principles of administrative process as a procedure for exercising power by public administration bodies in the appropriate procedural form based on the world and European principles of good governance and administration; (4) principles of administrative procedure.
The main attention is paid to the special principles of administrative procedure which relate to the administrative procedure itself. Among them, it is proposed to distinguish two groups: (a) organisational and (b) functional axiological. The author substantiates that the organisational principles include the principle of economy, investigative principle, the principle of the State language, impartiality, publicity, and coordination. As functional axiological principles, the author identifies the following: the principle of prohibition of abuse of law and prohibition of over­formalism, the principle of uniform application of law, presumption of reliability, the principle of interpretation of law in favour of interested non-governmental persons, and the principle of meaningful absorption. Each of the principles is given a significance and its place in the legislation of Ukraine and other countries.
The authors concludes that further syste­matisation and consolidation of these principles, in turn, is an additional argument in favour of the Law of Ukraine «On Administrative Procedure» which is currently coming into force and its possible further modifications.