bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free‐standing Stanene for High Selectivity of Formate in Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction Reaction
Authors: Mei Xuanhao , Liu Cong , Zhang Dezheng , Cao Jing , Ge Rile , Wang Junhu , Xu Weilin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs well‐known electrocatalysts with good catalytic efficiency for carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) towards the production of formate, tin (Sn)‐based catalysts have aroused broad concern. Here, free‐standing porous stanene is synthesized for the first time by a facile wet chemical method, and its excellent electrocatalytic performance for formate (HCOO−) formation in CO2RR is demonstrated. High Faradaic efficiency (F.E., 93% at −930 mV versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) can be achieved in the CO2RR catalyzed by stanene in 0.5 m KHCO3 aqueous solution. The in situ Mössbauer spectra reveal that zero‐valent Sn aids in improving the selectivity of formate production. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations suggest that the high selectivity of HCOO− of CO2RR on stanene mainly originates from the edge sites on Sn (100). To further explore the practicability of the stanene‐based catalysts for CO2RR, stanene decorated by 3 wt% BP‐2000 is prepared, showing an excellent F.E. of 98% at −930 mV versus RHE due to the higher exposure of catalytic active sites. These new findings of the activity origination and reaction mechanism of stanene contribute to the deeper understanding of Sn‐based catalysts for CO2RR, which is beneficial for the future designation of highly efficient CO2RR catalysts.
Possible poor prognosis in younger‐onset Crohn's disease‐associated anorectal cancer: A subanalysis of the Nationwide Japanese study
Authors: Okita Yoshiki , Toiyama Yuji , Ikeuchi Hiroki , Uchino Motoi , Futami Kitaro , Okamoto Kinya , Noguchi Tatsuki , Sugihara Kenichi , Ishihara Soichiro , Ajioka Yoichi ,   from the Study Group for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Associated Intestinal Cancers by the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsCrohn's disease (CD)‐associated intestinal cancers are characterized by their high incidence, particularly at the anorectal site in the Japanese population. Accumulating evidence revealed that younger‐onset sporadic colorectal cancer may exhibit unique biological features. To the best of our knowledge, few previous articles reported clinicopathological features in patients with CD‐associated anorectal cancer (CDAAC). Therefore, we aimed to clarify the relationship between the younger onset of cancer and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis, and the efficacy of cancer surveillance in patients with CDAAC.MethodsCD patients who had been diagnosed with intestinal cancers from 1983 to 2020 were collected from 39 Japanese institutions in this study. Of 316 patients with CD‐associated intestinal cancers, we analyzed 211 patients with CDAAC. We divided the patients into two groups according to the median age at cancer diagnosis (45 years old).ResultsYounger‐onset CDAAC (YO‐CDAAC) patients were significantly more likely to have a poor outcome than those with older‐onset CDAAC (OO‐CDAAC) in terms of both disease‐free survival (DFS) (p = 0.0014) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.023). Multivariate analysis showed that age under 45 years old at diagnosis of cancer was one of the independent factors for poor DFS and OS (hazard ratios: 2.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.09–4.26, p = 0.028, hazard ratios: 1.95, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–3.60, p = 0.033, respectively). Patients detected via surveillance showed significantly better DFS and OS rates than symptomatic patients in YO‐CDAAC (p = 0.012 and 0.0031, respectively).ConclusionsYO‐CDAAC may have a poorer prognosis compared with OO‐CDAAC. Surveillance could be important to improve cancer prognosis, especially in young CD patients with anorectal disease.
Decreasing alloimmunization‐specific mortality in sickle cell disease in the United States: Cost‐effectiveness of a shared transfusion resource
Authors: Ito Satoko , Pandya Ankur , Hauser Ronald G. , Krishnamurti Lakshmanan , Stites Edward , Tormey Chris , Krumholz Harlan M. , Hendrickson Jeanne E. , Goshua George 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRed blood cell alloimmunization and consequent delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) incidence and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) are high. A shared transfusion resource has decreased both in other countries, while in the United States cost concerns persist. We conducted a Markov cohort simulation of a birth cohort of alloimmunized patients with SCD to estimate lifetime DHTR incidence, DHTR‐specific mortality, quality‐adjusted life expectancy (QALE), and costs with the implementation of a shared transfusion resource to identify antibody history versus without (i.e., status quo). We conducted our analysis using a lifetime analytic time horizon and from a United States health system perspective. Implementation of shared transfusion resource projects to decrease cumulative DHTR‐specific mortality by 26% for alloimmunized patients with SCD in the United States, relative to the status quo. For an average patient population of 32 000, this intervention would generate a discounted increment of 4000 QALYs at an incremental discounted cost of $0.3 billion, resulting in an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of $75 600/QALY [95% credible interval $70 200–81 400/QALY]. The results are most sensitive to the baseline lifetime medical expenditure of patients with SCD. Alloantibody data exchange is cost‐effective in 100% of 10 000 Monte Carlo simulations. The resource would theoretically need a minimum patient population of 1819 patients or cost no more than $5.29 million annually to be cost‐effective. By reducing DHTR‐specific mortality, a shared transfusion resource in the United States projects to be a life‐saving and cost‐effective intervention for patients with SCD in the United States.
Syntheses of Thiophenes – Recent Advances
Authors: Peng Xue , Yin Gaofeng , Wu Kun , Wu Genping , Chen Jinjin , Wang Zhen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThiophene, as an important sulfur‐containing heterocyclic, is widely used in pharmaceuticals, functional materials, and natural products. Furthermore, thiophene is of great interest to synthetic chemists due to its diverse reactivities. Over the past few decades, many synthetic strategies are developed for functionalized thiophenes. Several reviews have been reported. However, there is no review on thiophene synthesis summarized based on the sulfur sources. The current review envisioned to summary the synthesis methods for thiophene with the respect of sulfur sources and give support for choose the appropriate tools to obtain thiophene substrates.
Integrated Anionic Zirconium‐Organic Cage and Cationic Boron‐Imidazolate Cage for Synergetic Optical Limiting
Authors: Li Yi‐Fei , He Yan‐Ping , Li Qiao‐Hong , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMaking oppositely charged metal‐organic cages (MOCs) into a tightly ordered structure may bring interesting functions. Herein, we report a novel structure composed of anionic (Zr4L6)8−(L=embonate) tetrahedral cages and in situ‐formed cationic [Zn4(Bim)4]4+(Bim=[BH(im)3]−; im=imidazole) cubic cages. Chiral transfer is observed from enantiopure (Zr4L6)8−cage to enantiopure [Zn4(Bim)4]4+cage. A pair of enantiomers (PTC‐373(Δ) and PTC‐373(Λ)) are formed. PTC‐373 exhibits high chemical and thermal stabilities, affording an interesting single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal transformation. More importantly, the combination of ionic pair cages significantly enhances its third‐order nonlinear optical property, and its thin‐film exhibits an excellent optical limiting effect.
Dual Stimuli‐Responsive [2]Rotaxanes with Tunable Vibration‐Induced Emission and Switchable Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Xu Wei‐Tao , Li Xue , Wu Peicong , Li Wei‐Jian , Wang Yu , Xu Xiao‐Qin , Wang Xu‐Qing , Chen Jinquan , Yang Hai‐Bo , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAiming at the construction of novel stimuli‐responsive fluorescent system with precisely tunable emissions, the typical 9,14‐diphenyl‐9,14‐dihydrodibenzo[a, c]phenazine (DPAC) luminogen with attractive vibration‐induced emission (VIE) behavior has been introduced into [2]rotaxane as a stopper. Taking advantage of their unique dual stimuli‐responsiveness towards solvent and anion, the resultant [2]rotaxanes reveal both tunable VIE and switchable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Attributed to the formation of mechanical bonds, DPAC‐functionalized [2]rotaxanes display interesting VIE behaviors including white‐light emission upon the addition of viscous solvent, as evaluated in detail by femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectra. In addition, ascribed to the regulation of chirality information transmission through anion‐induced motions of chiral wheel, the resolved chiral [2]rotaxanes reveal unique switchable CPL upon the addition of anion, leading to significant increase in the dissymmetry factors (glum) values with excellent reversibility. Interestingly, upon doping the chiral [2]rotaxanes in stretchable polymer, the blend films reveal remarkable emission change from white light to light blue with significant 6.5‐fold increase in glum values up to −0.035 under external tensile stresses. This work provides not only a new design strategy for developing molecular systems with fluorescent tunability but also a novel platform for the construction of smart chiral luminescent materials for practical use.
Effect of the micro/nanostructured topography of polyetheretherketone on the behavior of MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblasts
Authors: Zhao Yuqing , Wang Jing , Wu Fan , Liu Lipeng , Wu Gaoyi , Zhou Libo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) is of interest because of its excellent mechanical properties. However, the bioinert nature of PEEK limits its use in clinical applications. In this study, a series of micro/nanostructures combining nano‐, submicron‐, and microscale on PEEK were fabricated with 0.5, 1, 4, and 6 min of sulfonation time (S1, S2, S3, and S4). Compared to the flat surface on PEEK, the micro/nanostructure of different sizes all significantly promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells. It is shown that micro/nano‐porous structures with smaller size and lower roughness of S1 enabled faster cell propagation. The results of alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red staining, and quantitative real‐time PCR reveal that the osteogenic activity of MC3T3‐E1 cells gradually decreases with the increasement of pore size, indicating that the micro/nanostructured topography of S1 generated substantially increased matrix mineralization and bone‐like nodule formation, compared to the 3D network surface. This work provides an effective strategy for designing biomaterials with potential clinical applications.
Role of autonomic, nociceptive, and limbic brainstem nuclei in core autism features
Authors: Travers Brittany G. , Surgent Olivia , Guerrero‐Gonzalez Jose , Dean Douglas C. , Adluru Nagesh , Kecskemeti Steven R. , Kirk Gregory R. , Alexander Andrew L. , Zhu Jun , Skaletski Emily C. , Naik Sonali , Duran Monica 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough multiple theories have speculated about the brainstem reticular formation's involvement in autistic behaviors, the in vivo imaging of brainstem nuclei needed to test these theories has proven technologically challenging. Using methods to improve brainstem imaging in children, this study set out to elucidate the role of the autonomic, nociceptive, and limbic brainstem nuclei in the autism features of 145 children (74 autistic children, 6.0–10.9 years). Participants completed an assessment of core autism features and diffusion‐ and T1‐weighted imaging optimized to improve brainstem images. After data reduction via principal component analysis, correlational analyses examined associations among autism features and the microstructural properties of brainstem clusters. Independent replication was performed in 43 adolescents (24 autistic, 13.0–17.9 years). We found specific nuclei, most robustly the parvicellular reticular formation‐alpha (PCRtA) and to a lesser degree the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) and ventral tegmental parabrachial pigmented complex (VTA‐PBP), to be associated with autism features. The PCRtA and some of the LPB associations were independently found in the replication sample, but the VTA‐PBP associations were not. Consistent with theoretical perspectives, the findings suggest that individual differences in pontine reticular formation nuclei contribute to the prominence of autistic features. Specifically, the PCRtA, a nucleus involved in mastication, digestion, and cardio‐respiration in animal models, was associated with social communication in children, while the LPB, a pain‐network nucleus, was associated with repetitive behaviors. These findings highlight the contributions of key autonomic brainstem nuclei to the expression of core autism features.
Carbon emission efficiency in the age of digital economy: New insights on green technology progress and industrial structure distortion
Authors: Yu Zhipeng , Liu Yi , Yan Taihua , Zhang Ming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere is a dual impact of the digital economy (DE) on carbon emission efficiency (CE). An in‐depth study of the impact of the DE on “local‐adjacent” CE at different spatial scales can support the debate on whether the digital economy is empowerment or impairment. This study reassesses the DE at the urban level from a micro‐perspective by cross‐referencing the data of listed companies with the information obtained from city yearbooks. Considering the potential spatial correlation of the digital economy, we use the spatial Durbin model to examine 281 cities from 2011 to 2019 and study the influence of the DE on “local‐adjacent” CE. We further explain the pathways of this influence from the perspectives of green technological progress and industrial structural distortion. The study findings indicate that the impact of DE on local CE exhibits a “U”‐shaped pattern overall while its impact on neighboring CE shows an inverted “U”‐shaped pattern. These conclusions are still valid even after conducting a series of robustness tests, including spatial difference‐in‐differences and spatial replacement matrix. Further research reveals that the impact of DE on neighboring CE weakens with increasing spatial distance. The promoting effect of DE on neighboring CE peaks at 250 km, and the inverted “U”‐shaped pattern holds within a range of 300 km. In the initial stages, green technological progress can mask the negative impact of DE on local CE while simultaneously improving CE within a 250‐km range of neighboring areas. However, in the later stages, DE exacerbates the distortion of neighboring industrial structures, thereby reducing neighboring CE. The lack of synergy in the scale and growth rate of DE development in different regions significantly reduces the enhancement effect of the digital economy on CE.
Nexus of circular economy R0 to R9 principles in integrated reporting: Insights from a multiple case study comparison
Authors: Nazir Sarfraz , Doni Federica 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver recent years, the Circular Economy (CE) has turned into a debated area worldwide as a way of achieving a more sustainable society. However, little is known about how companies can disclose CE‐related activities in their corporate reporting. This paper aims to explore how and to what extent CE‐related information is included in Integrated Reporting (IR) practices by promoting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study applies qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis approaches to explore the associations with CE, IR, the six capitals and SDGs. The institutional theory approach has been adopted to justify incorporating CE R‐principles activities into IR practices. Multiple case study findings demonstrate that every case company minimum one time cites the CE R principle, while case companies seen to be more involved in the reduce (R1), reuse (R2) and recycle (R7) are engaged with IR practices and focussing on SDGs. Whereas coercive, normative, and mimetic isomorphism mechanism substantially impacts CE activities concerning IR practices, we can argue that mimetic isomorphisms need further investigation because no structures and frameworks are available. In terms of managerial implications, this study proposed a combined framework of CE and IR that provides a conceptual picture of how CE activities intermesh with the IR framework and the six capitals, both essential for the Sustainable Development (SD) agenda participation and value creation process of companies.
Determinants of firms' initiative and inertia in pursuing climate neutrality strategies—Theoretical explanations and empirical evidence
Authors: Unger Benedikt , Nippa Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn view of global warming and growing demands that economies, industries, and firms should be climate‐neutral by mid‐century, various sources complain that firms are still hesitant to implement a corresponding climate neutrality strategy (CNS). To date, however, there is little empirical evidence or explanation for such an alleged inertia. This study fills this void by analyzing key determinants that may explain whether a CNS is pursued at the firm level. We develop and test hypotheses grounded in theory using firm‐level data from the 2021 European Flash Eurobarometer as well as country‐level datasets to examine the impact of formal and informal institutions. Our results reveal that the majority of firms across many countries and industries have no explicit CNS. As predicted by institutional logics, the extent of a firm's home country's exposure to climate change, climate problem awareness, and regulatory enforcement has a significant positive impact on the likelihood of CNS being formulated and pursued by firms. Extending traditional structural inertia theory, internal factors cause large and old firms to be more likely to report having explicit CNS. We further find that these structural characteristics partially moderate the link between institutions and CNS. After a thorough discussion of the results, potential limitations, research opportunities, and implications for various stakeholders are highlighted.
Engineered in vivo and in vitro tumor model recapitulates vasculogenic mimicry signatures in melanoma
Authors: Shuai Qizhi , Xu Xinrui , Liang Yuxiang , Halbiyat Zulala , Lu Xin , Hu Zixuan , Peng Zhiwei , An Jie , Feng Zhiwei , Huang Tingjuan , Zhao Hong , Liu Zhizhen , Xu Jun , Xie Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVasculogenic mimicry (VM) describes a process by which tumor cells formed a novel microcirculation pattern in an endothelial cell‐free manner. Clinically, VM is associated with aggressive phenotype and poor patient survival. However, the current models for investigating VM include 2D monolayer cultures, Matrigel‐based cultures, and animal models, each of which has limitations. Matrigel‐based models often exhibit batch‐to‐batch variations, while in vivo tumor models currently produce insufficient amounts of VM. There is currently no suitable tumor model to discover new therapeutic targets against VM. Herein, we establish an extracellular matrix (ECM)‐based engineered tumor model in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we demonstrate that matrix proteins enhanced the VM formation in the engineered xenograft model. Furthermore, we also investigated the role of collagen/fibronectin (FN) in melanoma progression and VM formation. Compared with cells cultured on TCPS plates, the B16F10 cells cultured on collagen/FN coated plates showed increased proliferation and stemness, and significantly enhanced invasion and formation of VM networks. Molecular mechanism analysis showed that Integrin/VE‐cadherin/EphA2/PI3K/MMP‐2 signaling pathways are responsible for VM formation. Our results indicate that collagen/FN matrix plays an important role in VM formation in melanoma, suggesting that ECM protein is a potential therapeutic target for anti‐VM therapy for melanoma.
Dissatisfied dropout from school‐based humanistic counselling: A theory‐building case series
Authors: Pattison Emily , Cooper Mick 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionDissatisfied dropout costs services financially and impacts client well‐being. Research is limited on reasons for dissatisfied dropout in adolescents. Preliminary research suggests it may be due to feeling uncomfortable with silences, not knowing what to talk about, or unresolved ruptures. This study aimed to understand and refine the theory about the reasons for adolescent dissatisfied dropout from school‐based humanistic counselling (SBHC).MethodA theory‐building series of case studies was conducted with three dissatisfied dropout adolescent cases who received SBHC during a randomised controlled trial. Gaps in the theory were established by exploring the themes in one case. Testing and developing the theory with additional cases involved comparing themes and theory statements to case data. The final theory integrated data across the three cases.ResultsTherapeutic relationship difficulties and client factors were the principal, overlapping reasons for dissatisfied dropout. Relationship difficulties included a poor therapeutic alliance, the counsellor persisting with their own agenda, repetitive client/counsellor interactions with silences, the client not feeling able to trust the counsellor with a risk issue and a lack of knowledge about humanistic counselling. Client factors included the client's hesitancy and ambivalence to talk about their feelings in the counselling.ConclusionThe results fitted with, but elaborated on and extended, the theory that a poor alliance, silences and misconceptions about counselling may lead to dissatisfied dropout. Emerging findings suggest the client's negative perception about disclosing their feelings and a lack of metacommunication about any difficulties in the therapeutic relationship may lead to dissatisfied dropout from SBHC.
Undescribed Triterpenes from the Leaves of Syzygium myrsinifolium with Their α‐Glucosidase and α‐Amylase Inhibition Activity
Authors: Trang Do Thi , Tai Bui Huu , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Cuc Nguyen Thi , Bang Ngo Anh , Dung Duong Thi , Yen Duong Thi Hai , Huong Phan Thi Thanh , Dung Nguyen Viet , Hang Dan Thi Thuy , Yen Pham Hai , Kiem Phan Van 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo undescribed triterpenes, syzyfolium A (1) and syzyfolium B (2), together with twelve known compounds, terminolic acid (3), actinidic acid (4), piscidinol A (5), threo‐dihydroxydehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (6), lariciresinol‐4‐O‐β‐D‐glucoside (7), icariol A2 (8), 14β,15β‐dihydroxyklaineanone (9), garcimangosone D (10), (+)‐catechin (11), myricetin‐3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside (12), quercitrin (13), and 3, 4, 5‐trimethoxyphenyl‐(6′‐O‐galloyl)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (14) were isolated from the leaves of Syzygium myrsinifolium. Their chemical structures were determined by IR, HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Compounds 3 and 4 inhibited significantly α‐glucosidase with IC50 values of 23.99 and 36.84, respectively, and compounds 1 and 2 inhibited significantly α‐amylase with IC50 values of 35.48 and 43.65 μM, respectively.