bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engagement of basal amygdala‐nucleus accumbens glutamate neurons in the processing of rewarding or aversive social stimuli
Authors: Poggi Giulia , Bergamini Giorgio , Dulinskas Redas , Madur Lorraine , Greter Alexandra , Ineichen Christian , Dagostino Amael , Kúkeľová Diana , Sigrist Hannes , Bornemann Klaus D. , Hengerer Bastian , Pryce Christopher R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBasal amygdala (BA) neurons projecting to nucleus accumbens (NAc) core/shell are primarily glutamatergic and are integral to the circuitry of emotional processing. Several recent mouse studies have addressed whether neurons in this population(s) respond to reward, aversion or both emotional valences. The focus has been on processing of physical emotional stimuli, and here, we extend this to salient social stimuli. In male mice, an iterative study was conducted into engagement of BA‐NAc neurons in response to estrous female (social reward, SR) and/or aggressive‐dominant male (social aversion, SA). In BL/6J mice, SR and SA activated c‐Fos expression in a high and similar number/density of BA‐NAc neurons in the anteroposterior intermediate BA (int‐BA), whereas activation was predominantly by SA in posterior (post‐)BA. In Fos‐TRAP2 mice, compared with SR‐SR or SA‐SA controls, exposure to successive presentation of SR‐SA or SA‐SR, followed by assessment of tdTomato reporter and/or c‐Fos expression, demonstrated that many int‐BA‐NAc neurons were activated by only one of SR and SA; these SR/SA monovalent neurons were similar in number and present in both magnocellular and parvocellular int‐BA subregions. In freely moving BL/6J mice exposed to SR, bulk GCaMP6 fibre photometry provided confirmatory in vivo evidence for engagement of int‐BA‐NAc neurons during social and sexual interactions. Therefore, populations of BA‐NAc glutamate neurons are engaged by salient rewarding and aversive social stimuli in a topographic and valence‐specific manner; this novel evidence is important to the overall understanding of the roles of this pathway in the circuitry of socio‐emotional processing.
Understanding the role of self‐esteem and emotion dysregulation in victims of intimate partner violence
Authors: Taccini Federica , Rossi Alessandro Alberto , Mannarini Stefania 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSelf‐esteem and emotion dysregulation appear to be important factors in the psychological well‐being of trauma survivors. On the one hand, self‐esteem may act as a shield against the psychological consequences of traumatic experiences; on the other hand, emotion regulation can affect the way individuals deal with post‐traumatic affects (e.g., fear, terror, shame, and guilt). Consequently, the objective of this study was to investigate the role that emotion dysregulation and self‐esteem play in the well‐being of a sample of women after the traumatic experience of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study involved 282 women (mean

age
= 41.55, SD = 10.52) who experienced IPV in the last year. Conditional process analyses and Johnson‐Neyman analysis for regions of significance were performed. The results showed that emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between post‐trauma affectivity (i.e., fear, terror, shame and guilt) and survivors' well‐being. Furthermore, self‐esteem negatively predicted lack of well‐being and acted as a moderator of the relationship between emotion dysregulation and lack of well‐being. In this regard, through the Johnson‐Neyman analysis for regions of significance, it was possible to identify a cut‐off value above which the relationship between emotion dysregulation and lack of well‐being became non‐statistically significant. This study contributed to understanding the role that emotion dysregulation and self‐esteem play in the well‐being of IPV survivors. In this regard, clinical implications will be presented.
Upgrade of bio‐oil produced from the sisal residue composting
Authors: Cunha Flávia Silva , Lima Sirlene Barbosa , Pires Carlos Augusto de Moraes 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present work studies the composting effects on the chemical characteristics of bio‐oil produced by pyrolysis of sisal residue. Three systems were composted with sisal residue proportions to sisal fiber powder of 100:0, 90:10, and 75:25, respectively. The systems showed reductions of 33%–48% (extractive), 70%–80% (hemicellulose), and 80%–90% (cellulose) after composting. An increase in lignin content was observed in all systems. The pyrolysis of the composted systems was performed at 450°C and 550°C. At both temperatures, this process was selective in producing a large concentration of hydrocarbons (>160% increase), mainly alkanes and alkenes, reducing the concentrations of ketones, aldehydes, and phenolics (>50%) and eliminating esters, furans, and acetic acid to composted biomasses. The higher temperature favored aromatics and cyclic hydrocarbon production from the pyrolysis of composted samples. In addition to these results, composting helped reduce the oxygenated bio‐oil species by approximately 44%–75% at the lowest and ~69% at the highest temperatures. These results indicate that composted sisal residue can produce bio‐oils that are more suitable for biorefineries since they are rich in aliphatic hydrocarbons and non‐oxygenated species.
Melanosomal localization is required for GIF‐2115/2250 to inhibit melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells
Authors: Sakurai Ayumi , Kawaguchi Kyoka , Watanabe Miyu , Okajima Sayaka , Furukawa Saho , Koga Kenichi , Oh‐Hashi Kentaro , Hirata Yoko , Furuta Kyoji , Takemori Hiroshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTyrosinase inhibitors suppress melanogenesis in melanocytes. During a screening for tyrosinase inhibitors, however, we noticed some discrepancies in inhibitory efficacies between melanocytes and in vitro assays. The compound (S)‐N‐{3‐[4‐(dimethylamino)phenyl]propyl}‐N‐methyl‐indan‐1‐amine (GIF‐2115) exerts antioxidative stress activity upon accumulation in late endosomes and lysosomes. GIF‐2115 was also identified as a potent antimelanogenic reagent in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. GIF‐2115 inhibited the activity of mushroom tyrosinase and the lysates of B16F10 cells. However, structure–activity relationship studies indicated that GIF‐2238, which lacks the benzene ring in the aminoindan structure of GIF‐2115, inhibited tyrosinase activity in vitro but did not inhibit melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. The aim of the present study is to show the importance of the intracellular distribution of tyrosinase inhibitors in exerting their antimelanogenic activity in melanocytes.MethodsThe intracellular distribution of compounds was monitored by linking with the fluorescent group of 7‐nitro‐2,1,3‐benzoxadiazole (NBD). To mislocalize GIF‐2115 to mitochondria, the mitochondria‐preferring fluoroprobe ATTO565 was used.ResultsWe reconfirmed the localization of GIF‐2250 (GIF‐2115‐NBD) not only to matured but also to early‐stage melanosomes. Although GIF‐2286 (GIF‐2238‐NBD) maintained tyrosinase inhibitory activity, it did not show specific intracellular localization. Moreover, when GIF‐2115 was linked with ATTO565, the resultant compound GIF‐2265 did not inhibit melanogenesis in B16F10 cells, despite its strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity.ConclusionThese results suggest that melanosomal localization is essential for the antimelanogenic activity of GIF‐2115, and GIF‐2115 derivatives may be new guides for drugs to endosomes and lysosomes as well as melanosomes.
Dynamic changes of volatile compounds and small molecule compounds during curing and drying processes of Megalobrama amblycephala
Authors: Liu Dongyin , Deng Yi , Qiu Wenxin , Wang Shizhe , Zhou Mingzhu , Xiong Guangquan , Li Chuan , Wang Lan , Shi Liu , Wu Wenjin , Yu Qiao 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIn this study, the changes in volatile compounds, lipids, and small molecule compounds during the curing and drying processes were examined. The results showed that lipid oxidation was enhanced during curing and drying processes. A total of fifty‐two types of volatile compounds in the dry‐cured fish were detected, and the contents of alcohols (such as 3‐methyl‐1‐butanol, 1‐octen‐3‐ol), ketones (such as 2‐heptanone, 2‐octanone), and aldehydes (such as 3‐methylbutyraldehyde, hexanal, nonanal, decanal) were increased during curing and drying processes. A total of 812 metabolites were identified. The metabolites in linoleate, arachidonate, nucleotide, amino acid, and other metabolic pathways showed significant differences between drying stage and curing stage. The oxidative degradation of arachidonate acid, linoleate acid, and amino acid may contribute to the changes in volatile compounds during the curing and drying stages. Seven compounds including shikimic acid, carnitine C5: DC, carnitine C7: DC, 2‐hydroxybutanoic acid, 3‐hydroxybutanoic acid, malonic acid, and methylmalonic acid could be key small molecule compounds in curing and drying processing. These findings are valuable for understanding the mechanisms underlying flavour changes occurring during fish curing and drying processes.
Digital morphology compared to the optical microscope: A validation study on reporting bone marrow aspirates
Authors: Zini G. , Chiusolo P. , Rossi E. , Di Stasio E. , Bellesi S. , Za T. , Viscovo M. , Frioni F. , Ramundo F. , Pelliccioni N. , De Stefano V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of the utilization for clinical reporting of the evaluation of digital images of bone marrow aspirates by morphologists and their comparability with the classic microscopic morphological evaluation.MethodsWe scanned 180 consecutive bone marrow needle aspirates smears using the “Metafer4 VSlide” whole slide imaging (WSI) digital scanning system. We evaluated the statistical comparability and the risk of bias of the microscopic readings with those performed on the screen on the digitized medullary images.ResultsThe evaluation of cellularity on the screen was equivalent, with a higher frequency of “normal” than the analysis of digital preparations. The means and medians of the percentage values obtained on the different cell populations with the microscopic and digital reading were comparable as the main categories are concerned, with an average difference equal to 0 for the neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytic series, at −0.2% for the total myeloid cells, at 1.2% for the erythroid series, at −0.4% for the lymphocytes and at −0.4% for the blasts. Dysplastic features were consistently identified in 69/71 cell lineages.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that screen evaluation of digitized bone marrow needle aspirates provides quantitative and qualitative results comparable to traditional microscopic analysis of the corresponding slide smears. Digital images offer significant benefits in reducing the workload of experienced operators, reproducibility and sharing of observations, and image preservation. Even in routine diagnostic activities, their use does not alter the quality of the results obtained in evaluating bone marrow needle aspirates.
Functional genomics in inborn errors of immunity
Authors: Hurabielle Charlotte , LaFlam Taylor N. , Gearing Melissa , Ye Chun Jimmie 
Published: February 2024

SummaryInborn errors of immunity (IEI) comprise a diverse spectrum of 485 disorders as recognized by the International Union of Immunological Societies Committee on Inborn Error of Immunity in 2022. While IEI are monogenic by definition, they illuminate various pathways involved in the pathogenesis of polygenic immune dysregulation as in autoimmune or autoinflammatory syndromes, or in more common infectious diseases that may not have a significant genetic basis. Rapid improvement in genomic technologies has been the main driver of the accelerated rate of discovery of IEI and has led to the development of innovative treatment strategies. In this review, we will explore various facets of IEI, delving into the distinctions between PIDD and PIRD. We will examine how Mendelian inheritance patterns contribute to these disorders and discuss advancements in functional genomics that aid in characterizing new IEI. Additionally, we will explore how emerging genomic tools help to characterize new IEI as well as how they are paving the way for innovative treatment approaches for managing and potentially curing these complex immune conditions.
Systematic review and network meta‐analysis of mesenchymal stem cells in treating diabetic skin ulcers in animal models
Authors: Jin Xiaoyu , Yang Liehao , Pan Lingfeng , Shi Shuxin , Li Mingxi , Chen Wanying , Wang Peng , Zhang Lianbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic cutaneous ulcers often pose considerable challenges in the healing process. These challenges stem from factors including inadequate perfusion of the ulcer's surrounding environment, persistent inflammation, tissue damage and microbial proliferation. The existing standard treatment modalities prove insufficient in fully addressing the complex pathogenesis of these ulcers. As a novel approach, researchers are exploring cellular therapies employing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of diabetic skin ulcers. MSCs are readily found in various tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, placenta, amniotic membrane, amniotic fluid and umbilical cord. However, the optimal source of MSCs for effectively treating diabetic skin ulcers remains a topic of ongoing discussion.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of Embase, PubMed and Web of Science databases, spanning from their inception to November 2022. Subsequently, we rigorously screened the literature following predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria and evaluated the quality of the selected studies using the SYRCLE scale. Finally, the included literature underwent analysis, employing the Bayesian school of thought‐based R language. To ensure transparency and accountability, we registered this study with PROSPERO's International Systematic Review Prospective Registry, with the Registration ID: CRD42023387421.ResultsWe included a total of 11 articles in our analysis, all of which were randomized controlled studies involving 218 animal models. Among these studies, two utilized adipose‐derived MSCs, six employed bone marrow‐derived MSCs, one utilized amniotic membrane‐derived MSCs and three utilized umbilical cord‐derived MSCs. Our network meta‐analysis results revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in the healing rates of diabetic skin ulcers among MSCs derived from amniotic membrane, adipose tissue, umbilical cord and bone marrow on days 7–8, 10–12 and 12–14. Notably, according to the probability ranking table, the most effective treatment for diabetic wounds was found to be amniotic membrane‐derived MSCs.ConclusionThere was no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of MSCs derived from amniotic membrane, adipose, umbilical cord and bone marrow in the treatment of diabetic skin ulcers during the short‐term observation period, and the probability ranking graphs indicate that amniotic membrane‐derived MSCs may be the best choice for the treatment of diabetic skin ulcers.
Effects of thoracoscopic lobectomy on surgical wound infection in patients with lung cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Guang , Ren Ming‐Zhi , Xin Xiang‐Bing , Niu Yan‐Jie , Wang Tao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis meta‐analysis systematically evaluates the impact of thoracoscopic lobectomy on wound infection and complications in lung cancer patients. An extensive computerized search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases for studies comparing thoracoscopic lobectomy with open thoracotomy in the treatment of lung cancer, covering the period up to September 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the quality according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software. Ultimately, 21 studies involving 2118 lung cancer surgery patients were included. The analysis revealed that thoracoscopic lobectomy significantly reduced the incidence of wound infections (odds ratio [OR] = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13–0.37, p < 0.001) and complications (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.21–0.36, p < 0.001) in lung cancer surgery patients, and also significantly shortened hospital stays (standardized mean difference = −2.07, 95% CI: −2.39 to −1.76, p < 0.001). This study indicates that compared with conventional open thoracotomy, thoracoscopic lobectomy in the treatment of lung cancer reduces the incidence of wound infections and complications and shortens hospital stays, demonstrating significant therapeutic efficacy and warranting broader clinical application.
The impact of breast‐conserving surgery and modified radical mastectomy on postoperative wound complications in patients with early breast cancer
Authors: Yang Xiaopeng , Lin Qun , Wang Qunfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent years, breast conservation surgery (BCS) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM) have been widely used in the treatment of early‐stage breast cancer. However, the effects of complications from these two surgical methods are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of BCS and MRM on postoperative wound complications in patients with early breast cancer. Eighty‐eight patients with early breast cancer were randomly divided into BCS group (n = 46) and MRM group (n = 42). The occurrence of postoperative wound complications was compared between the two groups. The results showed that BCS patients had significantly lower intraoperative surgical times, blood losses, incision lengths, drainage volumes, drainage times and lengths of hospital stays than their MRM counterparts (p < 0.05). The overall incidence of postoperative wound complications in the BCS group was significantly lower than that in the MRM group at 1 month after surgery, but the difference was not statistically significant (p < 0.001). The rate of excellent breast cosmetic outcome was significantly higher in the BCS group than in the MRM group (p < 0.001). Compared to MRM, BCS has a lower incidence of intraoperative and postoperative wound complications, better cosmetic outcomes and higher clinical value in the treatment of early‐stage breast cancer.
A zero‐exchange approach for left atrial access in pulmonary vein isolation with pulsed field ablation
Authors: Bejinariu Alexandru Gabriel , Spieker Maximilian , Makimoto Hisaki , Augustin Nora , Kelm Malte , Rana Obaida R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionPulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as an innovative technique for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Typically, a transeptal puncture (TSP) with a standard sheath precedes a switch to the larger diameter sheath in the left atrium. This study aimed to describe the safety and feasibility of direct TSP using the large diameter Faradrive sheath before performing PVI with PFA.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 166 consecutive patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing PVI with PFA at our institution. TSP was performed in all cases with transesophageal echocardiography guidance, using the Faradrive sheath and a 98 cm matched Brockenbrough needle. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of pericardial tamponade during or within the first 48 h after the procedure. The secondary endpoint was the occurrence of any major complication.ResultsAll 166 patients were included into the final analysis (44% female): 64% of patients had paroxysmal AF and 36% persistent AF (68 ± 11 years old, median CHA2DS2Vasc Score 3, median left atrial volume index 31). The median duration of the procedure was 60 min, median time to TSP was 15 min, and the median fluoroscopy dose was 595 cGy × cm2. The primary endpoint occurred in one patient: a non‐TSP related pericardial tamponade, which was managed with pericardial puncture.ConclusionDirect TSP with skipping sheath exchange using the large diameter Faradrive sheath for PVI with PFA was safe, feasible, and reduced costs in all patients. Large scale studies and registries are needed to verify this workflow.
A Capacity‐Based Approach for Assessing Changes in Responsibility Sharing in the EU: Comparing the Syrian and Ukrainian Refugee Crises
Authors: Hierro Maria , Maza Adolfo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study explores whether the European Union's (EU's) response to the large‐scale refugee displacement from Ukraine in 2022 has led to a more equitable sharing of responsibilities amongst member states with regard to the Syrian refugee crisis. To do so, responsibility sharing is assessed by comparing actual and capacity‐based refugee shares for each country, drawing the definition of the latter from an improved version of the European Commission's distribution key. Our analysis reveals that whilst disparities in actual refugee shares between countries are somewhat smaller in the current emergency humanitarian situation compared with the Syrian crisis, such disparities almost double when countries' reception capacities are incorporated as a benchmark. Thus, the study reveals a kind of paradox: greater disparities in responsibility sharing in a context of high solidarity amongst countries for the reception of refugees.
Taking firms' margin targets seriously in a model of competition in supply functions
Authors: Claude Denis , Tidball Mabel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article deals with the integration of industry‐level markup targets into oligopoly theory. It proposes a behavioral competition model in which firms use the average cost‐plus price to determine their supplies. Specifically, firms are assumed to increase (resp., decrease) their supplies as the market price rises over (resp., falls below) this reference price. The equilibrium market outcome lies between those corresponding to Bertrand and Cournot competition. It depends on the industry's margin target, which determines the slope of firms' supply functions. The more significant the markup target is, the lower are the firms' equilibrium supplies at any price level and the higher is the equilibrium market price. An industry‐wide commitment to targeting a markup thus reduces competition in equilibrium. The reduction in competition is more pronounced than when firms commit to linear supply functions.