bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing new‐onset hypertension in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Zhao LiBo , Gao YingHui , Xu WeiHao , Li KaiLiang , Liu Lin , Fan Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInvestigating the influencing factors of new‐onset hypertension in the elderly with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). 450 Chinese older patients with OSA who were non‐hypertensive at baseline were enrolled. All patients had undergone polysomnography monitoring in the multicenter study. The primary endpoint was incident hypertension. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were generated to determine the factors influencing new‐onset hypertension. A total of 176 (39.1%) patients developed hypertension. The hypertension group had older age, higher hemoglobin (Hb) level and apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) values than the non‐hypertension group (all p < 0.05). During the median 33‐month follow‐up period, multivariate Cox analysis showed age (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.039, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.016–1.062), AHI (HR = 1.015, 95% CI: 1.007–1.023) and Hb level (HR = 1.016, 95% CI: 1.008–1.025) were independent predictors of new‐onset hypertension. However, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP; HR = 0.508, 95% CI: 0.271–0.951) reduced the risk of developing hypertension. Notably, the subgroup analysis demonstrated that the plasma glucose level (HR = 1.168, 95% CI: 1.029–1.326) was a risk factor for male patients. Besides length of time with the pulse oxygen saturation less than 90% (Tsat90; HR = 1.005, 95% CI: 1.003–1.007), body mass index (BMI; HR = 1.170, 95% CI: 1.043–1.311), and dyslipidemia (HR = 2.335, 95% CI: 1.144–4.766) had statistically significant effects on the incidence of hypertension in certain subgroups. Although this study lacked analysis of items such as living habits and medication, it did show age, AHI, Hb and CPAP affected the development of hypertension in elderly OSA patients. These findings suggested that targeted interventions in specific populations may be more effective in preventing hypertension.
Second edition of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: Refining the role of salivary gland FNA
Authors: Rossi Esther Diana , Baloch Zubair , Barkan Guliz , Foschini Maria Pia , Kurtycz Daniel , Pusztaszeri Marc , Vielh Philippe , Faquin William C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of standardised reporting systems for non‐gynaecologic cytopathology has made enormous gains in popularity during the past decade, including for thyroid fine‐needle aspiration, urine cytology, serous effusions, pancreas, lymph nodes, lung and more. In February 2018, the first edition of the Atlas of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) was published. The MSRSGC defines six diagnostic fine‐needle aspiration categories encompassing the spectrum of non‐neoplastic, benign and malignant lesions of the salivary glands. The goal of the MSRSGC is to combine each diagnostic category with a defined risk of malignancy and a specific clinical and/or surgical management algorithm. Since its initial publication in 2018, more than 200 studies and commentaries have been published, confirming the role of the MSRSGC. The second edition of the MSRSGC, published in July 2023, includes refined risks of malignancy based on systematic reviews and meta‐analyses, a new chapter summarising the use of salivary gland imaging, new advances in ancillary testing and updates in nomenclature.
Ration health resources to save more statistical lives from cervical cancer death in Africa: Why are we allowing them to die?
Authors: Awua Adolf Kofi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPublic health interventions, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), are implemented with the never‐ending challenge of limited resources and the ever‐present challenge of choosing between interventions. While necessary, the application of ethical analysis is absent in most of such decision‐making, resulting in fewer favourable consequences. In applying ethical principles to the saving of women from the burden of cervical cancer, I argue in favour of saving statistical lives (investing in prevention) in LMICs, by mapping the principles of justice in resource allocation to the prevailing circumstance. The key facts in this circumstance are that providing treatment (which is saving identified lives), involves mostly providing palliative treatment, which is associated with a high likelihood of death among the identified lives while undergoing treatment or shortly thereafter. I focus on the dilemma of having a national cancer prevention program versus the expansion of cancer treatment facilities.
Identifying priority areas for spatial management of mixed fisheries using ensemble of multi‐species distribution models
Authors: Panzeri Diego , Russo Tommaso , Arneri Enrico , Carlucci Roberto , Cossarini Gianpiero , Isajlović Igor , Krstulović Šifner Svjetlana , Manfredi Chiara , Masnadi Francesco , Reale Marco , Scarcella Giuseppe , Solidoro Cosimo , Spedicato Maria Teresa , Vrgoč Nedo , Zupa Walter , Libralato Simone 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSpatial fisheries management is widely used to reduce overfishing, rebuild stocks, and protect biodiversity. However, the effectiveness and optimization of spatial measures depend on accurately identifying ecologically meaningful areas, which can be difficult in mixed fisheries. To apply a method generally to a range of target species, we developed an ensemble of species distribution models (e‐SDM) that combines general additive models, generalized linear mixed models, random forest, and gradient‐boosting machine methods in a training and testing protocol. The e‐SDM was used to integrate density indices from two scientific bottom trawl surveys with the geopositional data, relevant oceanographic variables from the three‐dimensional physical‐biogeochemical operational model, and fishing effort from the vessel monitoring system. The determined best distributions for juveniles and adults are used to determine hot spots of aggregation based on single or multiple target species. We applied e‐SDM to juvenile and adult stages of 10 marine demersal species representing 60% of the total demersal landings in the central areas of the Mediterranean Sea. Using the e‐SDM results, hot spots of aggregation and grounds potentially more selective were identified for each species and for the target species group of otter trawl and beam trawl fisheries. The results confirm the ecological appropriateness of existing fishery restriction areas and support the identification of locations for new spatial management measures.
Foreign language learning in a specialized institution: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Miller Zachary F. , Crowther Dustin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSpecialized learning institutions (SLIs) feature organizational cultures, learning environments, and Postgraduation expectations that typically differ from traditional 4‐year universities. For students pursuing foreign language (FL) study within an SLI, coursework is frequently accompanied by a range of nonacademic tasks that are required for graduation. This exploratory study focuses on one such SLI, a US military academy. Four FL majors (i.e., cadets) completed seven interviews over 4 years of FL study. A narrative inquiry and thematic analyses of cadets' interview responses highlighted both opportunities for and challenges to FL study. Overseas immersions, applicability of FL learning to their future careers, and interactions with foreign cadets positively affected FL development, while increased nonacademic requirements and institution‐specific classes greatly limited time for FL study. This report can inform FL instructors at SLIs or SLI‐like organizations on how to make appropriate pedagogical decisions to both facilitate FL learning and help maintain FL motivation.
Movements of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca), roach (Rutilus rutilus) and bream (Abramis brama) in a boreal lake, Lake Vesijärvi, Finland
Authors: Kotakorpi Matti , Olin Mikko , Ruuhijärvi Jukka , Kulo Katja , Lappalainen Jyrki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMovements of common fish species in large lakes that are inadequately known is challenging for fisheries management. Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) (n = 478; mean length = 42.1 cm; SD = 7.0), bream (Abramis brama) (n = 775; mean length = 31.1 cm; SD = 5.3) and roach (Rutilus rutilus) (n = 939; mean length = 21.4 cm; SD = 2.0) were marked with individual T‐anchor tags to investigate movements in Lake Vesijärvi, a large lake situated in southern Finland consisting of several basins and managing by multiple entities. All species moved between basins, but only rarely moved outside tagging areas. The recapture rate of pikeperch was higher than roach and bream. Tagged fish consistently crossed municipality borders and water ownership units, thereby forming shared stocks, which underlined the importance of cooperation in lake restoration and a need to unite fragmented water ownership. Management of fisheries for cyprinid fishes could be more efficient if fishing targeted the most suitable areas without considering restrictions due to fragmented water ownership. Tagging data provided information on which parts of a large lake should be subjected to uniform pikeperch fisheries management. The importance of other species catch varied between different parts of the lake, thereby requiring different fishing regulations. Tagging data on common fish species provided valuable information on fish movements to support spatially explicit fisheries management.
A tale of four cities: Neighbourhood diversification and residential desegregation in and around England's ‘no majority’ cities
Authors: Harris Richard 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe publication of the 2021 Census data revealed that four English cities—Birmingham, Leicester, London and Manchester—are now ‘no majority’ cities, meaning that no ethnic group, including the White British, comprise a majority (more than half) of their populations. This paper explores the residential diversification of these cities to ask: whether that diversification is reflected in the average neighbourhood of all ethnic groups or just some; whether the decline in the number of White British means that ‘enclaves’ of other ethnic groups are emerging instead; whether the White British are avoiding living in diverse neighbourhoods; and whether a co‐occurrence of the diversification is that residential segregation between the White British and other groups is increasing within and beyond the boundaries of these cities. Using a harmonised set of cross‐census neighbourhoods to provide a consistent geography across the 2001, 2011 and 2021 censuses, the results show that the residential neighbourhoods of the four cities have increased their ethnic diversity for the average member of all ethnic groups. Despite some growth in the number of neighbourhoods where a group other than the White British form a majority, especially in Leicester, the overall conclusion is one of residential diversification happening alongside residential desegregation.
Oral health of older Koreans by region and family status in 2020–2021
Authors: Kim Eun‐Jeong , Kim Do‐Hee , Yu Ra‐Gyeom , Lee Ye‐Jin , Lee Ye‐Jin , Im Do‐Gyeong , Lee Hye‐Ju 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo describe the oral health of older people by region and family status using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey.BackgroundAs the ageing of Korean society intensifies, health inequalities based on region and family status are also deepening.MethodsData from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey (2020–2021) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used, and a total of 3437 older people aged 65 or older were selected as study participants. Chewing discomfort and oral health behaviours were assessed by region and family status using multivariable logistic regression analysis with the complex sample survey design.ResultsWe found an association between living alone and greater chewing discomfort. Residing in rural areas was also associated with a higher prevalence of this. In urban areas, chewing discomfort was 1.27 times higher among older people living alone than in those not living alone, while in rural areas, the discomfort was 1.52 times higher among the older people who lived alone.ConclusionsRegion and family status were associated with greater chewing discomfort in older people. In Korean society, where the number of single‐person older people households is increasing, along with the ageing population, attention to resolving the disparities in oral health in older people is needed.
Exploring the spatial pattern and influencing factors of intercity capital flows from 2005 to 2019: A case study of Yangtze River Delta region, China
Authors: Li Zherui , Zhen Feng , Liu Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExisting research on inter‐regional capital flows commonly applied the proxy simulation method based on the location of financial firms in static snapshots, and took cities' centrality as the research object when discussing network influencing factors. It remains unclear how inter‐regional capital flow networks are present actually and how city‐dyad linkages are shaped. Based on real investment connections between listed firms and their investees in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2005 to 2019, this study provides fresh insights into the spatial pattern and influencing factors of intercity capital flows from the perspective of dynamic urban bilateral relations. Results indicate that the network in the YRD is in the transition stage of provincial integration and cross‐border integration. The central and western regions of the YRD are the current network “depression districts”, with cities in Anhui forming an independent network. The physical spatial scale of the origin city was the most robust facilitator of capital outflow, but it is not evident that obvious node attributes can match the destination city. Cultural proximity and functional proximity effectively promoted the shape of investment connections, but they also reflected the lack of long‐distance intercity links and cross‐border links. The establishment of metropolitan areas with overlapping members and the joint construction of industrial circles, living circles and transportation circles within metropolitan areas are effective ways to facilitate intercity capital flows in YRD.
Primary bone diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (PB‐DLBCL): a distinct extranodal lymphoma of germinal centre origin, with a common EZB‐like mutational profile and good prognosis
Authors: Ivanova Vanesa‐Sindi , Davies John , Menter Thomas , Wild Damian , Müller Anne , Krasniqi Fatime , Stenner Frank , Papachristofilou Alexandros , Dirnhofer Stefan , Tzankov Alexandar 
Published: November 2023

AimsPrimary bone diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (PB‐DLBCL) is not recognized as a separate entity by the current classification systems. Here we define and highlight its distinctive clinical presentation, morphology, phenotype, gene expression profile (GEP), and molecular genetics.MethodsWe collected 27 respective cases and investigated their phenotype, performed gDNA panel sequencing covering 172 genes, and carried out fluorescence in situ hybridization to evaluate MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 translocations. We attempted to genetically subclassify cases using the Two‐step classifier and performed GEP for cell‐of‐origin subtyping and in silico comparison to uncover up‐ and downregulated genes as opposed to other DLBCL.ResultsMost cases (n = 22) were germinal centre B‐cell‐like (GCB) by immunohistochemistry and all by GEP. Additionally, PB‐DLBCL had a mutational profile similar to follicular lymphoma and nodal GCB‐DLBCL, with the exception of more frequent TP53 and B2M mutations. The GEP of PB‐DLBCL was unique, and the frequency of BCL2 rearrangements was lower compared to nodal GCB‐DLBCL. The Two‐step classifier categorized eight of the cases as EZB, three as ST2, and one as MCD.ConclusionThis study comprehensively characterizes PB‐DLBCL as a separate entity with distinct clinical and morpho‐molecular features. These insights may aid in developing tailored therapeutic strategies and shed light on its pathogenesis.
Chronic alcohol and nicotine consumption as catalyst for systemic inflammatory storm and bone destruction in apical periodontitis
Authors: Pinto Karem Paula , Fidalgo Tatiana Kelly da Silva , de Lima Carolina Oliveira , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Freitas‐Fernandes Liana Bastos , Valente Ana Paula , Sassone Luciana Moura , Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the periapical alveolar bone pattern and the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, biochemical markers and metabolites in rats subjected to chronic alcohol and nicotine consumption and induced apical periodontitis.MethodologyTwenty‐eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, Alcohol, Nicotine and Alcohol+Nicotine. The alcohol groups were exposed to self‐administration of a 25% alcohol solution, while the other groups were given only filtered water. The nicotine groups received daily intraperitoneal injections of a nicotine solution (0.19 μL of nicotine/mL), whereas the other groups received saline solution. Periapical lesions were induced by exposing the pulps of the left mandibular first molars for 28 days. After euthanasia, the mandibles were removed and the percentage bone volume, bone mineral density, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation and trabecular number of the periapical bone were measured using micro‐computed tomography images. Serum samples were collected for analysis of proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6 and TNF‐α), biochemical and metabolomic analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. Nonparametric data were analysed using the Kruskal‐Wallis test followed by Dunn's test, while one‐way anova followed by Tukey's test was performed for parametric data.ResultsThe groups exposed to alcohol or nicotine consumption exhibited an altered bone pattern indicating lower bone density and higher levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α compared to the Control group (p < .05). Significant differences were observed among the groups in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, albumin, uric acid, bilirubin and calcium. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant differences in glycine, phosphocholine, lysine, lactate, valine, pyruvate and lipids (CH2CH2CO), n(CH2) and n(CH3). Most of these parameters were even more altered in the simultaneous consumption of both substances compared to single consumption.ConclusionAlcohol and nicotine chronic consumption altered several metabolic markers, impaired liver and kidney function, increased the production of systemic proinflammatory mediators and harmed the periapical bone microarchitecture in the presence of apical periodontitis. The simultaneous consumption of alcohol and nicotine intensified these detrimental effects.
Global cone‐beam computed tomography adoption, usage and scan interpretation preferences of dentists and endodontists
Authors: Cheung Monique Charlene , Peters Ove Andreas , Parashos Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThis study investigated the adoption of cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) by dentists and endodontists around the world, including their preferences in endodontic CBCT usage.MethodologyAn online questionnaire surveyed dental association members in Australia and New Zealand, and endodontic association members in Australia, Britain, Canada, Italy, New Zealand and the USA, about their CBCT training history, considerations in acquisition/interpretation, access to and usage of CBCT, preferred scan interpreter, and preferred endodontic scan settings. Data were analysed with Chi‐squared, independent samplet‐tests, Cochran'sQand McNemar's tests.ResultsResponses from 578 endodontic specialists or postgraduates (Group E) and 185 non‐endodontic dentists (Group NE) were included. Continuing professional education (CPE) was the most common source of CBCT training (69.2%). Factors considered in CBCT acquisition/interpretation included beam hardening (75.4%), radiation exposure (61.1%) and patient movement (58.3%). Group E reported higher CBCT usage (90.8%) than Group NE (45.4%,p < .001) and greater workplace access to CBCT (81.1% vs. 25.9%,p < .001). Scans were interpreted by the respondent in most workplace scans (83.3%) and externally taken scans (60.5%); Group E were significantly more likely to interpret themselves than Group NE. Small field of view (83.6%) and high resolution (86.6%) were most preferred as settings for endodontic CBCTs; Group NE were less likely to choose these settings. There were some geographic variations within Group E.ConclusionsCBCT training was most commonly acquired via CPE. Endodontic respondents reported very high CBCT usage and access in the workplace. There are educational implications regarding CBCT limitations, appropriate applications and interpretation.
Evaluating the effects of dyadic intervention for informal caregivers of palliative patients with lung cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Xin , Jiang Li , Peng Xi , Xu Ling , Huang Lingling , Wan Qunfang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects of dyadic intervention on anxiety, depression, care burden and quality of life in informal caregivers of palliative patients with lung cancer.BackgroundInformal caregivers of palliative lung cancer patients bear a large number of negative emotions during the process of caring for the patients. Dyadic intervention has the potential for improving them but the overall effect is unclear.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.Data sourcesAll randomized controlled trials were retrieved from the following databases until 4 May 2023: Web of Science, Embase Ovid, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Randomized Controlled Trials, Weipu, Wanfang and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases.Review methodsThis review was performed by Stata 12.0 and Review Manager 5.3.ResultsThirteen randomized controlled trials were in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria (n = 1807). The results revealed that dyadic intervention significantly improved family caregivers' anxiety, depression and caregiver burden of palliative patients with lung cancer. There was no significant difference in quality of life between the dyadic intervention group and family caregivers who did not receive the dyadic intervention.ConclusionsDyadic intervention positively impacts the experience of family caregivers of palliative patients with lung cancer.