bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: A meta‐analysis of the risk factors for surgical site infection in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Yani , Guo Hua , Gao Tian , Yu Jiale , Wang Yujia , Yu Haiquan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the meta‐analysis was to evaluate and compare the surgical site infection (SSI) risk factors in patients with colorectal cancer (CC). The results of this meta‐analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random or fixed‐effect models. For the current meta‐analysis, 23 examinations spanning from 2001 to 2023 were included, encompassing 89 859 cases of CC. Clean‐contaminated surgical site wounds had significantly lower infections (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.20–0.64, p < 0.001) compared to contaminated surgical site wounds in patients with CCs. Males had significantly higher SSIs (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.12–1.24, p < 0.001) compared to females in patients with CC. American Society of Anesthesiology score ≥3 h had a significantly higher SSI (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.18–1.71, p < 0.001) compared to <3 score in patients with CCs. Body mass index ≥25 had significantly higher SSIs (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11–2.14, p = 0.01) compared to <25 in patients with CCs. The presence of stoma creation had a significantly higher SSI rate (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.37–3.79, p = 0.001) compared to its absence in patients with CC. Laparoscopic surgery had significantly lower SSIs (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59–0.78, p < 0.001) compared to open surgery in patients with CC. The presence of diabetes mellitus had a significantly higher SSI rate (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.15–1.33, p < 0.001) compared to its absence in patients with CCs. No significant difference was found in SSI rate in patients with CCs between <3 and ≥3 h of operative time (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.75–1.51, p = 0.72), between the presence and absence of blood transfusion (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 0.69–3.66, p = 0.27) and between the presence and absence of previous laparotomies (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.93–2.32, p = 0.10). The examined data revealed that contaminated wounds, male sex, an American Society of Anesthesiology score ≥3 h, a body mass index ≥25, stoma creation, open surgery and diabetes mellitus are all risk factors for SSIs in patients with CC. However, operative time, blood transfusion and previous laparotomies were not found to be risk factors for SSIs in patients with CC. However, given that several comparisons had a small number of chosen research, consideration should be given to their values.
Male recognition of conspecific female chemical cues in a diverse clade of freshwater fishes
Authors: Black Taylor N. , Rastogi Aakriti , Saegert Abby , Dib Joseph , Moran Rachel L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhere orangethroat darters (Etheostoma: Ceasia) and rainbow darters (Etheostoma caeruleum) co‐occur, males prefer conspecific over heterospecific females. The cues males use to identify conspecific females remain unclear. We conducted behavioral trials to ask whether chemical cues function in conspecific recognition. We found that males from three orangethroat darter species preferentially associate with female scent over a control. Our results support the use of olfaction in conspecific identification in the orangethroat clade and contribute to our understanding of signals that may facilitate species recognition and underlie the evolution of behavioral isolation.
In vitro hair growth‐promoting effect of Lgr5‐binding octapeptide in human primary hair cells
Authors: Lee Eung Ji , Kim Min Woong , Gil Ha‐Na , Chung Yong Ji , Kim Eun Mi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundHair loss occurs due to various biological and environmental causes, which can have psychosocial consequences. The Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is well‐known for its role in hair growth and regeneration, as it induces the proliferation and differentiation of hair cells. When the leucine‐rich G protein‐coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) interacts with the R‐spondins, the frizzled receptor (FZD), a Wnt receptor, becomes stabilized, resulting in an increased β‐catenin activity.AimWe investigated whether the octapeptide that binds to Lgr5 enhances proliferation and differentiation of human primary hair cells through the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling.MethodsThe binding affinity of the octapeptide to Lgr5 was evaluated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). We confirmed changes in proliferation and related factors like β‐catenin activation and growth factors (GFs) expression in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HHFDPCs). Additionally, we observed the proliferation and the expression of differentiation markers in human hair follicle outer root sheath cells (HHFORSCs), human hair follicle germinal matrix cells (HHFGMCs), and human hair follicle stem cells (HHFSCs). We used three‐dimensional HHFDPC spheroid culture treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to create in vitro conditions that mimic androgenetic alopecia, and we studied the effects of octapeptide on Wnt expression and HHFSC differentiation.ResultsThe binding of the octapeptide to Lgr5 was confirmed using SPR analysis. In HHFDPCs, treatment with octapeptide resulted in a concentration‐dependent increase in proliferation. We also observed increased nuclear translocation of β‐catenin and increased expression of its downstream targets. HHFDPCs treated with octapeptide exhibited increased expression of growth factors and phosphorylation of Akt and ERK. In addition, we confirmed that octapeptide increased proliferation and induced differentiation in HHFORSCs, HHFGMCs, and HHFSCs. Under the HHFDPC spheroid culture conditions, we found that octapeptide restored the inhibition of Wnt‐5a and Wnt‐10b expressions by DHT. In HHFSCs treated with HHFDPC spheroid culture media, we observed that octapeptide recovered the inhibition of differentiation by DHT.ConclusionWe found that octapeptides activated the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling and induced the proliferation and differentiation of human primary hair cells by acting as an exogenous ligand for Lgr5. In addition, octapeptides recovered inhibited hair regeneration characters by DHT in androgenetic alopecia‐mimic in vitro model. These findings suggest that octapeptides may be a promising therapeutic option for treating hair loss.
Transcranial Doppler ultrasound to evaluate the risk of hyperperfusion after endovascular stroke thrombectomy
Authors: Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Srivastava Abhilekh , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Perera Kanjana , Ng Kelvin K. H. , Joundi Raed A. , Van Adel Brian , Larrazabal Ramiro , Ratnayake Kanchana , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Benavente Oscar , Hart Robert , Sharma Mukul , Shoamanesh Ashkan , Catanese Luciana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeHemorrhagic transformation (HT) has been reported in up to 50% of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with a large vessel occlusion (LVO) treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). HT may be driven by postrecanalization hyperperfusion injury and is independently associated with worse functional outcomes. Strategies to identify patients at risk for HT may assist in developing preventive therapies.MethodsWe prospectively included adult AIS patients with an anterior circulation LVO achieving successful recanalization after EVT. Consenting participants received transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) within 18 hours of procedure completion. We compared flow velocities according to the presence of HT on the computed tomography scan performed within the first 24±12 hours from the end of EVT. We also evaluated the association of flow velocities with systemic blood pressure (BP) readings at the time of insonation.ResultsA total of 48 patients consented to participate in the study. Six (12%) were excluded due to the absence of temporal windows. HT was detected in 20 participants (48%). Those with HT had higher peak systolic velocities on the middle cerebral arteries compared to those without HT for both the symptomatic (107±42 vs. 82±25 cm/second, p = .024) and asymptomatic (97±21 vs. 81±25 cm/second, p = .040) sides. No correlation of flow velocities on either the symptomatic or asymptomatic side and BP measurements at the time of insonation was detected.ConclusionTCD can identify patients at risk of HT following successful EVT. TCD could serve as an inexpensive ancillary test to guide participant selection for clinical trials targeting postprocedural reperfusion injury.
Oral health risk factors and overall dental treatment needs for incoming air force recruits
Authors: Ryan J. Brett , Scott Thayer , McDonough Robert , Schindler David , Irwin Scott P. , Badner Victor M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if relationships exist between the total dental treatment needs of incoming Air Force recruits and non‐clincal demographic and oral‐health related factors.MethodsData from the 2018 Air Force Recruit Oral Health Study (ROHS) was used, an anonymized sample of 1330 AF recruits that included a comprehensive oral exam and survey collecting demographic and oral health behavior information. The primary outcome variable was the total number of dental treatment needs for recruits, and independent predictor variables included select socio‐demographic factors and wellness behaviors. Along with descriptive statistics, a multivariable negative binomial regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between variables with a normalized weight making the final results representative of all incoming recruits.ResultsThe final adjusted analysis showed that an incoming recruit's self‐rated oral health, dental coverage prior to enlistment, need for a dental visit within the last 12 months, sugar intake, and tobacco use increased their risk for dental treatment needs.ConclusionThis is the first study to assess the relationship between specific risk indicators and increased dental treatment needs while adjusting other related covariates. Factors associated with dental treatment needs were identified that provide Air Force leaders with actionable information to directly improve recruit oral health and military readiness by identifying new airmen at the highest risk for excessive dental care needs while at basic military training.
Clinical study of six patients with pure dysarthria and dysarthria—(Central) facial nerve palsy/isolated central facial nerve palsy caused by extracerebellar infarction
Authors: Ogawa Katsuhiko , Akimoto Takayoshi , Hara Makoto , Fujishiro Midori , Nakajima Hideto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe corticobulbar tract (CBT) exerts bilateral supply to the cerebral nuclei. The cerebellar motor circuit controls the coordination and regulation of voluntary movements including speech function, and consists of input and feedback pathways including the parietopontine fibers (PPFs) which descend along with the CBT.AimThe pathogenesis of dysarthria caused by ischemic extracerebellar lesions was studied.MethodsSix patients with extracerebellar lesions comprising two patients with pure dysarthria, three patients with dysarthria—(central) facial nerve palsy, and one patient with isolated central facial paresis were enrolled.ResultsLesions were located in the corona radiata in four patients and the posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) in two patients. Lesions were lateralized on the right side in three patients and the left side in three patients. Lesions in the corona radiata and the PLIC included the middle parts where the CBT exists.ConclusionsBased on the hypothesis of bilateral supply to the cerebral nuclei for speech function through the cerebellar motor circuit, it was explicable that unilateral involvement of the PPFs caused dysfunction of the bilateral CBT, which led to the incidence of dysarthria in our case series. Involvement of the PPFs might play a crucial role in the incidence of dysarthria caused by ischemic extracerebellar lesions.
Extreme drought can deactivate ABA biosynthesis in embolism‐resistant species
Authors: Mercado‐Reyes Joel A. , Pereira Talitha Soares , Manandhar Anju , Rimer Ian M. , McAdam Scott A. M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is synthesised by plants during drought to close stomata and regulate desiccation tolerance pathways. Conifers and some angiosperms with embolism‐resistant xylem show a peaking‐type (p‐type) response in ABA levels, in which ABA levels increase early in drought then decrease as drought progresses, declining to pre‐stressed levels. The mechanism behind this dynamic remains unknown. Here, we sought to characterise the mechanism driving p‐type ABA dynamics in the conifer Callitris rhomboidea and the highly drought‐resistant angiosperm Umbellularia californica. We measured leaf water potentials (Ψl), stomatal conductance, ABA, conjugates and phaseic acid (PA) levels in potted plants during a prolonged but non‐fatal drought. Both species displayed a p‐type ABA dynamic during prolonged drought. In branches collected before and after the peak in endogenous ABA levels in planta, that were rehydrated overnight and then bench dried, ABA biosynthesis was deactivated beyond leaf turgor loss point. Considerable conversion of ABA to conjugates was found to occur during drought, but not catabolism to PA. The mechanism driving the decline in ABA levels in p‐type species may be conserved across embolism‐resistant seed plants and is mediated by sustained conjugation of ABA and the deactivation of ABA accumulation as Ψl becomes more negative than turgor loss.
Multicenter Canadian case series of pediatric patients less than 12 years of age with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab
Authors: Martinez‐Cabriales Sylvia , Marcoux Danielle , Liy‐Wong Carmen , Prajapati Vimal H. , Sibbald Cathryn , Cunningham Natalie , Lansang Perla , Tonkin Rochelle , Joseph Marissa , Wong Lauren , Spring Shanna , Gavigan Genevieve , Ramien Michele 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDupilumab is approved for moderate‐severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in patients aged ≥6 months by the US Food and Drug Administration and Health Canada; however, there are little real‐world data because providers have limited practical experience with this recently approved therapy.ObjectivesTo describe the real‐world effectiveness and safety in patients aged <12 years with moderate‐severe AD currently receiving or previously having received dupilumab.MethodsA multicenter retrospective study was conducted at six Canadian sites. Cases were divided into Group 1 ≤2 years old, Group 2 >2 to <6 years old, and Group 3 ≥6 to <12 years old. Medical history and details of dupilumab treatment were collected. The primary outcome was to measure the improvement in eczema area and severity index. Secondary outcomes examined included the children's dermatology life quality index/infant's dermatitis quality of life, peak pruritus numerical rating scale, and delay to dupilumab access for patients who were considered off‐label for dupilumab due to their age.ResultsSixty three pediatric patients (37 males) with moderate‐to‐severe AD were included; the mean age was 6.4 years old (range: 2–11) when dupilumab treatment was started. Overall, 75% (36/48) achieved EASI‐75% and 71% (34/48) achieved EASI‐90. EASI‐75 and EASI‐90 were achieved in 90% (17/19) and 73% (12/19) in patients <6 years old, and 76% (22/29) and 59% (17/29) in patients >6 years old, respectively. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsDupilumab is safe and effective for patients under the age of 12. However, even for experienced providers, access to the medication was challenging.
PcENO3 interacts with patchoulol synthase to positively affect the enzymatic activity and patchoulol biosynthesis in Pogostemon cablin
Authors: Wu Daidi , Chen Lang , Zhong Baiyang , Zhang Zhongsheng , Huang Huiling , Gong Lizhen , Zou Xuan , Zhan Ruoting , Chen Likai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPatchouli alcohol, a significant bioactive component of the herbal plant Pogostemon cablin, has considerable medicinal and commercial potential. Several genes and transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis pathway of patchouli alcohol have been identified. However, so far, regulatory factors directly interacting with patchouli synthase (PTS) have not been reported. This study was conducted to analyze the interaction between PcENO3 and PcPTS to explore the molecular regulation effect of PcENO3 on patchouli alcohol biosynthesis. PcENO3, a homologous protein of Arabidopsis ENO3 belonging to the enolase family, was identified and characterized. Subcellular localization experiments in Arabidopsis protoplast cells indicated that the PcENO3 protein was localized in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. The physical interaction between PcENO3 and PcPTS was confirmed through yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H), GST pull‐down, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. Furthermore, the Y2H assay demonstrated that PcENO3 could also interact with JAZ proteins in the JA pathway. Enzymatic assays showed that the interaction with PcENO3 increased the catalytic activity of patchoulol synthase. Additionally, suppression of PcENO3 expression with VIGS (virus‐induced gene silencing) decreased patchouli alcohol content compared to the control. These findings suggest that PcENO3 interacts with patchoulol synthase and modulates patchoulol biosynthesis by enhancing the enzymatic activity of PcPTS.
Genetic improvement of oysters: Current status, challenges, and prospects
Authors: Jiang Kunyin , Chen Chen , Jiang Gaowei , Chi Yong , Xu Chengxun , Kong Lingfeng , Yu Hong , Liu Shikai , Li Qi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOysters are one of the most commercially important shellfish species and have been cultured for thousands of years. Oyster aquaculture supports the major aquaculture industries in many countries. Over the last few decades, the oyster breeding and aquaculture industries have developed rapidly to meet the continually growing demand. Many researchers have made significant efforts toward the genetic improvement of commercially important traits in oysters. Some strains with fast‐growing, disease‐resistant, and stable shell‐colours have been developed through selective breeding. Some hybrid varieties have been developed by crossing different geographical populations or cultivated strains. Several hybrids exhibit considerable genetic variation and improved productive performance. Additionally, polyploid induction technologies have been applied in the oyster aquaculture industry, which provides a useful tool for performance improvement and genetic containment of cultured stocks. At present, the development of molecular breeding also provides a great opportunity for oyster genetic improvement. These advances in oyster breeding have improved the quality of oysters, brought great economic benefits, and been conducive to the sustainability of oyster production. Nonetheless, there are still some limitations and obstacles in oyster breeding, such as infectious diseases, summer mortality, conservation of germplasm resources, environmental contamination, and climate change. The present review provides an overview of the current status, challenges, and prospects in oyster breeding.
Plane–strain condition in plane–strain grooved tensile (PSGT) specimens during traction and creep loading at room and high temperature
Authors: Ovalle C. , Broudin M. , Laiarinandrasana L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractISO 23228:2011 proposed a testing method in which the plastic material, experimental resins or compounds for pipes and fittings, can be exposed to stress conditions that mimic internally pressurised end‐capped pipes. The stress conditions are mimicked by the use of a plaque specimen having a grooved reduced section called plane–strain grooved tensile (PSGT) specimens producing a biaxial state of stress under uniaxial loading. In this study, PSGT specimens were cut out from high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes. Two shape ratios, ratio between the width and the groove thickness, were used. Both the axial and transverse displacements and strain fields were followed by a digital image correlation (DIC) camera during tensile and creep loading, both at room and high temperature; furthermore, DIC images were used to estimate the notch opening displacement. The increasing effect of the temperature in both the axial and transverse displacement and strain was highlighted. No significant effect of the width was noticed. The results have evidenced that, as the plane–strain condition in the width is assured during the tests, PSGT specimens can be used to mimic internally pressurised pipes under monotonic increasing or constant‐in‐time loading at both room and high temperature, but it must be better to use specimens with a higher shape ratio, that is, higher width. The results contribute to the 9th Sustainable Development Goal: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure by promoting a sustainable industrialisation and fostering innovation.
Lessons learned: Development of an organ transplant caregiver educational resource
Authors: Bruschwein Heather , Chen Gloria , Balliet Wendy , Hart Jan , Canavan Kelley , Jesse Michelle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundOrgan transplant lay caregivers perform an essential and complex role, but there is a paucity of comprehensive, accessible education regarding transplant caregiving. We sought to create a broad, multifaceted educational toolkit for transplant caregivers. Given the complexities of this population, we report on lessons learned by organising diverse stakeholder engagement to develop an educational resource covering the breadth and depth of organ transplantation.ApproachFollowing a call from organ transplant patients and caregivers, the American Society of Transplantation (AST) formed an Organ Transplant Caregiver Initiative with the aim to develop a comprehensive educational toolkit for transplant caregivers. The AST Organ Transplant Caregiver Toolkit was created through a shared, multi‐step process involving transplant professionals and caregivers, who formed an education subcommittee to develop and refine content domains. The caregiver toolkit was reviewed with relevant external stakeholders and through an internal organisational review process.EvaluationLessons learned included seeking guidance from others with experience creating similar resources, flexibility in project development, creativity in engaging stakeholders and routine communication between all entities involved. Insights gained contributed to the caregiver toolkit completion despite project challenges.ImplicationsThe AST Organ Transplant Caregiver Toolkit can be utilised by health care professionals to educate and counsel transplant patients and caregivers. Lessons learned from the development of the caregiver toolkit can provide guidance to health care professionals and clinical teachers for the development of future education resources.