bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐term market impact of Black Sea Grain Initiative on four grain markets
Authors: Martins António Miguel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the short‐term market reaction of four agricultural commodities to the Russian–Ukraine war and various stages of the Black Sea Grain Initiative Agreement. Using an event study, the results show a positive abnormal return for the agricultural grain markets with the outbreak of the war and the nonrenewal of the Black Sea Grain Agreement. These two events by causing supply‐side constraints, led to an increase in the price of grains. The results also show negative and statistically significant abnormal returns around the signing of the Black Sea Grain Agreement, its implementation through the departure of the first ship loaded with Ukrainian grain after the beginning of the war and the successive extensions of the agreement. These disruptions not only affect Ukraine and Russia but also have critical implications for world food security. Policy implications of our findings are provided.
Glioma stem cell‐derived exosomes induce the transformation of astrocytes via the miR‐3065‐5p/DLG2 signaling axis
Authors: Li Haoran , Zhu Jianjun , Liu Xinglei , Liu Liang , Huang Shilu , Wu Anyi , Xu Zhipeng , Zhang Xiaopei , Li Zengyang , Ni Fan , Liu Lijun , Dong Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTumor‐associated astrocytes (TAAs) in the glioblastoma microenvironment play an important role in tumor development and malignant progression initiated by glioma stem cells (GSCs). In the current study, normal human astrocytes (NHAs) were cultured and continuously treated with GSC‐derived exosomes (GSC‐EXOs) induction to explore the mechanism by which GSCs affect astrocyte remodeling. This study revealed that GSC‐EXOs can induce the transformation of NHAs into TAAs, with relatively swollen cell bodies and multiple extended processes. In addition, high proliferation, elevated resistance to temozolomide (TMZ), and increased expression of TAA‐related markers (TGF‐β, CD44, and tenascin‐C) were observed in the TAAs. Furthermore, GSC‐derived exosomal miR‐3065‐5p could be delivered to NHAs, and miR‐3065‐5p levels increased significantly in TAAs, as verified by miRNA expression profile sequencing and Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Overexpression of miR‐3065‐5p also enhanced NHA proliferation, elevated resistance to TMZ, and increased the expression levels of TAA‐related markers. In addition, both GSC‐EXO‐induced and miR‐3065‐5p‐overexpressing NHAs promoted tumorigenesis of GSCs in vivo. Discs Large Homolog 2 (DLG2, downregulated in glioblastoma) is a direct downstream target of miR‐3065‐5p in TAAs, and DLG2 overexpression could partially reverse the transformation of NHAs into TAAs. Collectively, these data demonstrate that GSC‐EXOs induce the transformation of NHAs into TAAs via the miR‐3065‐5p/DLG2 signaling axis and that TAAs can further promote the tumorigenesis of GSCs. Thus, precisely blocking the interactions between astrocytes and GSCs via exosomes may be a novel strategy to inhibit glioblastoma development, but more in‐depth mechanistic studies are still needed.
Impacts of β‐thalassemia/hemoglobin E disease on pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Anuruksuwan Puntira , Sirilert Sirinart , Luewan Suchaya , Tongsong Theera 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare obstetric outcomes between women with β‐thalassemia/hemoglobin E (β‐thal/HbE) disease and those of low‐risk pregnancies, and also between the two subgroups, β‐thal0/HbE and β‐thal+/HbE disease.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was undertaken on pregnant women with β‐thal/HbE disease and low‐risk pregnancies, which were randomly selected with a case‐to‐control ratio of 1:10.ResultsPregnancies with β‐thal/HbE disease were identified in 0.19% of 59 152 pregnancies, including 104 women in the study group and 1040 women in the control group. The mean gestational age and mean birth weight were significantly lower in the study group. The prevalence of fetal growth restriction, preterm birth and low birth weight were significantly increased in the study group based on both univariate and multivariate analysis. The impacts were more striking in the β‐thal0/HbE subgroup than in the β‐thal+/HbE subgroup. The cesarean rate was significantly higher in the study group. No maternal death or serious complication was found in this cohort.ConclusionBased on this cohort, the largest ever published, β‐thal/HbE disease is significantly associated with increased incidence of fetal growth restriction, preterm birth and low birth weight. The impacts were more pronounced in the β‐thal0/HbE subgroup. Pregnancy may be relatively safer for women with β‐thal/HbE disease.
Does delayed vacuum‐assisted delivery harbor greater maternal or neonatal complications?
Authors: Bachar Gal , Abu‐Rass Hiba , Farago Naama , Zipori Yaniv , Beloosesky Ron , Ginsberg Yuval , Vitner Dana , Weiner Zeev , Khatib Nizar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare maternal and fetal outcomes between early (<2 h) and delayed (>2 h) vacuum extraction (VE) deliveries.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study in a single, university‐affiliated medical center (2014–2021). We included term singleton pregnancies delivered by VE, allocated into one of two groups according to second stage duration: <2 h or >2 h. Primary outcome was maternal composite adverse outcome (included chorioamnionitis, 3–4 degree lacerations, and postpartum hemorrhage [PPH]).ResultsWe included 2521 deliveries: 2261 (89.6%) with early VE and 260 (10.4%) with delayed VE. Study groups' characteristics were not different, except of parity. Maternal composite outcome almost reached a significance (P = 0.054) comparing between the groups. Comparing second stage length up to 2 h versus more, there was similar rate of advance maternal lacerations. However, extending the second stage to more than 3 h was associated with third degree lacerations compared to 2–3 h (9.8% vs 3%, P = 0.011). There were significantly more PPH events in the later VE group (P = 0.004), but the need for blood transfusions was similar. The rates of 5 min Apgar score ≤7 (P = 0.001) and umbilical artery pH <7.0 were significantly higher in group 2 compared with group 1. The effect was much more pronounced when second stage was >3 h. After conducting multiregression analysis, the results became insignificant.ConclusionOur study suggests that VE performed in the late second stage of labor, up to 3 h, is safe as VE performed in the early stages regarding maternal and neonatal outcomes. Extra caution is needed with extended second stage to more than 3 h.
Timing of cesarean delivery for fetal heart rate abnormalities in hypertensive pregnancies induced with oral misoprostol or Foley catheter: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Londero Ambrogio P. , Fichera Anna , Orabona Rossana , Cagnacci Angelo , Prefumo Federico 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study aims to assess how oral misoprostol for cervical ripening affects the time of cesarean delivery (CD) for fetal heart rate (FHR) abnormalities in pre‐eclampsia patients. Secondary goals include determining the role of uterine hyperstimulation, comparing misoprostol with Foley catheter, and identifying risk factors for FHR abnormalities associated with CD.MethodsA previously published randomized clinical trial was subjected to a secondary analysis (NCT01801410). We conducted a time‐dependent analysis, stratifying the population based on the final mode of induction used (low‐dose oral misoprostol vs Foley catheter).ResultsThere was no CD for FHR abnormalities within 2 h of starting misoprostol. At 5 h, the cumulative incidence of CD for FHR abnormalities in the misoprostol group was 2.10%, while it was 1.00% in the Foley group (P = 0.565). After 25 h, the CD risk for FHR abnormalities remained constant in both groups at 21.00% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.00%–28.00%). Within 5 h of misoprostol induction, the risk of uterine hyperstimulation was similar in both groups (0.33% in misoprostol vs 0.34% in Foley group, P = 0.161). The risk of CD for FHR abnormalities was unaffected by newborn weight centiles.ConclusionThere was no significant difference in CD risk for FHR abnormalities between misoprostol and Foley catheter induction. Nonetheless, the cumulative incidence of CD for FHR abnormalities increased faster in the misoprostol group, indicating that FHR monitoring timing should be tailored to the induction method.
Impacted fetal head extraction methods at second stage cesarean and subsequent preterm delivery: A multicenter study
Authors: Peled Tzuria , Muraca Giulia M. , Ratner Miri , Sela Hen Y. , Kirubarajan Abirami , Weiss Ari , Grisaru‐Granovsky Sorina , Rottenstreich Misgav 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveSecond‐stage cesarean delivery (CD) is associated with subsequent preterm birth (PTB). It has been suggested that an increased risk of PTB after second‐stage cesarean delivery could be linked to a higher chance of cervical injury due to the extension of the uterine incision. Previous studies have shown that reverse breech extraction is associated with lower rates of uterine incision extensions compared to the “push” method.We aimed to investigate the association between the method of fetal extraction during second‐stage CD and the rate of spontaneous PTB (sPTB), as well as other maternal and neonatal outcomes during the subsequent pregnancy.MethodsThis was a multicenter retrospective cohort study. The study population included women in their first subsequent singleton delivery following a second‐stage CD between 2004 and 2021. The main exposure of interest was the method of fetal extraction in the index CD (“push” method vs. reverse breech extraction). The primary outcome of this study was sPTB <37 weeks in the subsequent pregnancy. Secondary outcomes were overall PTB, trial of labor, and other adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Univariate analysis was followed by multiple logistic regression modeling.ResultsDuring the study period, 2969 index CD during second stage were performed, of those 583 met the inclusion criteria, of whom 234 (40.1%) had fetal extraction using the reverse breech extraction method, while 349 (59.9%) had the “push” method for extraction. In univariate analysis, women in those two groups had statistically similar rates of sPTB (3.7% vs. 3.0%; odds ratio [OR] 1.25, 95% CI: 0.49–3.19) and overall PTB (<37, <34 and <32 weeks), as well as other maternal, neonatal, and trial of labor outcomes. This was confirmed by multivariate analyses with an adjusted OR of 1.27 (95% CI: 0.43–3.71) for sPTB.ConclusionAmong women with a previous second‐stage CD, no significant difference was observed in PTB rates in the subsequent pregnancies following the “push” method compared to the reverse breech extraction method.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the prostate
Authors: Fukiage Ken , Fujita Kazutoshi , Toyoda Shingo , Nishimoto Mitsuhisa , Kikuchi Takashi , Chikugo Takaaki , Yoshimura Kazuhiro , Esa Atsunobu , Ito Akihiko , Uemura Hirotsugu 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionInflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are borderline malignant soft tissue tumors primarily affecting the lungs and pelvic organs. This report presents a rare case of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor originating from the prostate gland in a young male.Case presentationA 20‐year‐old man developed gross hematuria and dysuria, revealing a prostatic mass. Pathological examination of a biopsy displayed spindle‐shaped myofibroblast proliferation and an infiltrate of inflammatory cells, leading to a diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Following fertility preservation measures, the patient underwent a robot‐assisted laparoscopic total prostatectomy with bilateral nerve sparing, resulting in a postoperative diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. No recurrence was observed in subsequent imaging, and urinary continence was maintained.ConclusionSurgical resection appears effective in managing inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors of the prostate. This case underscores the importance of complete tumor resection due to the significant recurrence risk associated with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors. Radical total prostatectomy emerges as a potential treatment strategy for prostate originating inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors.
Fostering healthy relationships: A preliminary investigation of relationship education
Authors: Barden Sejal M. , Carlson Ryan G. , Taylor Dalena Dillman , Gao Ruiqin , Velez Marangelie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRobust and healthy relationships are pivotal for overall well‐being and wellness. Social support, the reduction of stigma, and the cultivation of quality time are critical elements in establishing and nurturing a healthy relationship as they bolster emotional well‐being, enhance communication, and alleviate stress. The aim of this research study was to investigate the associations between quality time, social support, and self‐stigma among couples (N = 518 dyads) engaged in a randomized controlled relationship education intervention, whether online or face to face. Longitudinal Actor–Partner Interdependence Models (L‐APIM) were employed to investigate the dyadic correlations and the influence of the intervention's modality on the three outcomes observed at the 1‐month postintervention follow‐up. Results indicated that individuals tend to exhibit consistent perceptions of quality time, social support, self‐stigma related to help‐seeking, and threats to self‐confidence regarding help‐seeking, both at baseline and the subsequent 1‐month follow‐up. Results and implications are discussed.
A preliminary investigation of the mediating roles of self‐compassion and emotion dysregulation in the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and obsessive‐compulsive behaviors
Authors: Sher Alyssa , Wootton Bethany M. , Paparo Josephine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionRecent research has highlighted an association between maladaptive perfectionism and obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not well understood. The primary aim of this preliminary study was to investigate whether self‐compassion and emotion dysregulation independently mediated this relationship. The secondary aim was to determine whether serial mediation existed between these factors. Whether these relations held for overall obsessive‐compulsive (OC) symptoms, versus distinct dimensions of OCD, was also of interest.MethodThree hundred and ninety‐two university students (Mage = 21.81, SD = 8.01), predominantly female (79.18%), participated in an online questionnaire that included a dimensional measure of OCD. Scales assessing maladaptive perfectionism, self‐compassion, emotion dysregulation, and negative emotion states were also included.ResultsGreater maladaptive perfectionism was related to more severe OCD. Emotion dysregulation, but not self‐compassion, independently mediated this relationship. A serial mediation relationship was found, in that greater maladaptive perfectionism was associated with lower self‐compassion, which was linked to greater emotion dysregulation, and in turn related to more severe OC behaviors. In addition, distinct patterns emerged for separate OC dimensions.ConclusionsThese findings highlight emotion regulation and self‐compassion as potential targets for OCD prevention, especially in individuals with symptoms in the symmetry and unacceptable thoughts dimensions.
Investigating the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer by surveillance of patients with “K‐sign” of the pancreas by computed tomography: A prospective study
Authors: Takigawa Yutaka , Matsui Junichi , Igarashi Takao , Uchiyama Masateru , Sasaki Aya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe previously conducted a retrospective study investigating pancreatic morphological abnormalities that lead to early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC) using computed tomography (CT). We reviewed 41 of 308 PC patients between 2011 and 2017 who had previously undergone CT to look for morphological changes leading to cancer development. In 24 patients (58.5%), a K‐shaped constriction of the pancreas (“K‐sign”) was observed before the appearance of cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether an early PC diagnosis is possible by prospective CT follow‐up of patients with the K‐sign.MethodsWe investigated PC development through prospective surveillance of patients exhibiting K‐signs identified on CT.ResultsOf approximately 87 000 CT scans performed between April 2019 and August 2022, the K‐sign was observed in 54 patients. A total of 30 patients provided informed consent and were subsequently monitored using CT. Five patients (16.7%) were diagnosed with PC and underwent surgery after 3–24 months follow‐up. Pathologically, four of five patients (80%) were diagnosed with early‐stage pancreatic cancer (stage 0–IA). All patients exhibited defects in acinar structure, fibrous tissue, fat replacement, and inflammatory cells, suggesting their potential involvement in PC development.ConclusionThe detection and surveillance of the K‐sign may be helpful for early PC diagnosis.
Trends, patterns and socioeconomic determinants of child and adolescent labour in India: Empirical analysis using national sample survey data
Authors: Jajoria Deepika , Jatav Manoj , Mishra Rakesh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIndian official data points out a progressive decline in child labour during last three decades.Nevertheless, there are several gaps that need to be addressed for targed policy intervention. This paper highlights the key socioeconomic vulnerabilities among children in rural and urban India and also summarize the key focus areas to be prioritized. We posit that children's entry into the labour force is driven by varied access to resources such as education, societal status and gender. The children in Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes households are the most vulnerable. We recommend prioritizing easy‐to‐access quality education among the key strategies for eradicating child labour.
Morphology of the epididymal duct of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus)
Authors: Hassan Ferial , Holtz Wolfgang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe study provides a general overview of the morphology of the epididymal duct in pigs. Four epididymides from two sexually mature boars were dissected into 32 segments and examined histologically. Duct lumen and wall thickness were measured and relative surface area of different components was assessed by Chalkley's random hit method. The epithelial lining was characterized at X1000. Lumen diameter and wall thickness of efferent ductules averaged 177 and 30 µm, respectively. Of the epididymal duct from caput to distal corpus the luminal diameter was 332 µm, with a narrower section in the proximal corpus. Wall thickness averaged 70 µm. In the cauda, luminal diameter and wall thickness increased to 717 and 751 µm, respectively. The epithelial lining of the efferent ductules consists of a single layer of columnar cells with average height 21 µm. The lining of the epididymal duct consists of ciliated, pseudo‐stratified columnar epithelium composed of “basal cells” and “principal cells.” Particularly tall principal cells (96 µm) were found in the proximal caput. Height decreased to 40 µm at the distal cauda. Microvilli from principal cells were 14−17 µm long in the distal caput but decreased to 5 µm in the distal cauda. The epithelial lining was folded in the proximal caput and more so in the distal cauda. Secretory granules (epididymosomes) were present in small amounts in efferent ductules and epididymal duct; the largest quantities occurred in the distal cauda. Leukocytes were present throughout the duct, albeit in insignificant numbers. Chalkley's random hit method showed rapid spermatozoan transport through efferent ductules and proximal caput in large amounts of fluid. Sperm concentration increased due to fluid resorption in the proximal caput, was highest from caput flexure to proximal cauda and decreased at the caudal flexure, indicating secretory activity.
pH Mapping of Gliomas Using Quantitative Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI: Quasi‐Steady‐State, Spillover‐, and MT‐Corrected Omega Plot Analysis
Authors: Liu Ying , Wu Yin , Ji Yang , Zhao Botao , Jin Ziyi , Ju Shenghong , Chu Ying‐Hua , Liebig Patrick Alexander , Wang He , Li Cong , Zhang Xiao‐Yong 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundQuantitative in‐situ pH mapping of gliomas is important for therapeutic interventions, given its significant association with tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Although chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) offers a noninvasive way for pH imaging based on the pH‐dependent exchange rate (ksw), the reliable quantification of ksw in glioma remains constrained due to technical challenges.PurposeTo quantify the pH of gliomas by measuring the proton exchange rate through optimized omega plot analysis.Study TypeProspective.Phantoms/Animal Model/SubjectsCreatine and murine brain lysates phantoms, six rats with glioma xenograft model, and three patients with World Health Organization grade 2–4 gliomas.Field Strength/Sequence11.7 T, 7.0 T, CEST imaging, T2‐weighted (T2W) imaging, and T1‐mapping.AssessmentOmega plot analysis, quasi‐steady‐state (QUASS) analysis, multi‐pool Lorentzian fitting, amine and amide concentration‐independent detection, pH enhanced method with the combination of amide and guanidyl (pHenh), and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) were utilized for pH metric quantification. The clinical outcomes were determined through radiologic follow‐up and histopathological analysis.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U test was performed to compare glioma with normal tissue, and Pearson's correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between ksw and other parameters.ResultsIn vitro experiments reveal that the determined ksw at 2 ppm increases exponentially with pH (creatine phantoms: ksw = 106 + 0.147 × 10(pH‐4.198); lysates: ksw = 185.1 + 0.101 × 10(pH‐3.914)). Omega plot analysis exhibits a linear correlation between 1/MTRRex and 1/ω12 in the glioma xenografts (R2 > 0.98) and glioma patients (R2 > 0.99). The exchange rate in the rat glioma decreases compared to the contralateral normal tissue (349.46 ± 30.40 s−1 vs. 403.54 ± 51.01 s−1, P = 0.025), while keeping independence from changes in concentration (r = 0.5037, P = 0.095). Similar pattern was observed in human data.Data ConclusionUtilizing QUASS‐based, spillover‐, and MT‐corrected omega plot analysis for the measurement of exchange rates, offers a feasible method for quantifying pH within glioma.Level of EvidenceNATechnical EfficacyStage 1