bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disaster response, confined space medicine and safety systems against railway accidents: 2023 Odisha railway accident from India
Authors: Gandhi Aravind P. , Padhi Bijaya Kumar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRailways are a major mode of transportation for passengers as well as goods. Across the world, minor and major accidents involving railways causing damage to life and property have been reported. The recent triple train derailment and collision near a small railway station in the state of Odisha, India, on 02.06.2023 is a major calamity. The accident resulted in 292 deaths, and more than 1000 injuries were attributed to the accident. In its comprehensive enquiry report, the Commissioner of Railway Safety found lapses in the signalling mechanism and oversight as the reasons for the accident. Immediate rescue, emergency transport and treatment are essential in reducing the mortality and morbidity of such accidents. The relatively newer domain under pre‐hospital and disaster medicine is confined space medicine, which deals with patients trapped in places with limited access to conventional intervention and reduced ventilation. Confined space medicine employs a multi‐hazard and interprofessional approach to treating individuals who are trapped in a structural collapse. It is also essential to critically evaluate and disseminate the entire disaster response systems that functioned during and after the railway accident to identify the existing system's best practices, bottlenecks, and gaps. The train's speed, lack of track and signal maintenance, absence of safety oversight, driver fatigue and distractions are some major determinants of train accidents, highlighting the need for comprehensive planning and training in rail safety. It is essential to improve the timely implementation of maintenance activities and completion of accident inquiries on time. A comprehensive review of the preparedness, rescue and response must be undertaken at the earliest possible opportunity to prevent and prepare for any such disasters in the future.
Senescence‐Targeted and NAD+‐Dependent SIRT1‐Activated Nanoplatform to Counteract Stem Cell Senescence for Promoting Aged Bone Regeneration
Authors: Wang Ying , Xie Fangru , He Zirui , Che Lingbin , Chen Xi , Yuan Yuan , Liu Changsheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAge‐related bone defects are a leading cause of disability and mortality in elderly individuals, and targeted therapy to delay the senescence of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a promising strategy to rejuvenate bone regeneration in aged scenarios. More specifically, activating the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)‐dependent sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) pathway is demonstrated to effectively counteract MSC senescence and thus promote osteogenesis. Herein, based on an inventively identified senescent MSC‐specific surface marker Kremen1, a senescence‐targeted and NAD+ dependent SIRT1 activated nanoplatform is fabricated with a dual delivery of resveratrol (RSV) (SIRT1 promoter) and nicotinamide riboside (NR, NAD+ precursor). This targeting nanoplatform exhibits a strong affinity for senescent MSCs through conjugation with anti‐Kremen1 antibodies and enables specifically responsive release of NR and RSV in lysosomes via senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase‐stimulated enzymatic hydrolysis of the hydrophilic chain. Furthermore, this nanoplatform performs well in promoting aged bone formation both in vitro and in vivo by boosting NAD+, activating SIRT1, and delaying MSC senescence. For the first time, a novel senescent MSC‐specific surface marker is identified and aged bone repair is rejuvenated by delaying senescence of MSCs using an active targeting platform. This discovery opens up new insights for nanotherapeutics aimed at age‐related diseases.
Unlocking the Effect of Chain Length and Terminal Group on Ethylene Glycol Ether Family Toward Advanced Aqueous Electrolytes
Authors: Xiao Kang , Yang Liming , Peng Mengke , Jiang Xudong , Hu Ting , Yuan Kai , Chen Yiwang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConstructing high‐performance hybrid electrolyte is important to advanced aqueous electrochemical energy storage devices. However, due to the lack of in‐depth understanding of how the molecule structures of cosolvent additives influence the properties of electrolytes significantly impeded the development of hybrid electrolytes. Herein, a series of hybrid electrolytes are prepared by using ethylene glycol ether with different chain lengths and terminal groups as additives. The optimized 2 m LiTFSI‐90%DDm hybrid electrolyte prepared from diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DDm) molecule showcases excellent comprehensive performance and significantly enhances the operating voltage of supercapacitors (SCs) to 2.5 V by suppressing the activity of water. Moreover, the SC with 2 m LiTFSI‐90%DDm hybrid electrolyte supplies a long‐term cycling life of 50 000 cycles at 1 A g−1 with 92.3% capacitance retention as well as excellent low temperature (−40 ºC) cycling performance (10 000 times at 0.2 A g−1). Universally, Zn//polyaniline full cell with 2 m Zn(OTf)2‐90%DDm electrolyte manifests outstanding cycling performance in terms of 77.9% capacity retention after 2,000 cycles and a dendrite‐free Zn anode. This work inspires new thinking of developing advanced hybrid electrolytes by cosolvent molecule design toward high‐performance energy storage devices.
Origin of Water‐Stable CsPbX3 Quantum Dots Assisted by Zwitterionic Ligands and Sequential Strategies for Enhanced Luminescence Based on Crystal Evolution
Authors: Yin Junyang , Zhang Jie , Wu Zhenzi , Wu Feng , Li Xiong , Dai Jiangnan , Chen Changqing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWater stability is a crucial issue always addressed for commercial practical application of perovskite quantum dots (QDs). Recent advances in ligand engineering for in situ synthesis of water‐stable perovskite QDs have attracted growing interest. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. Here, the function of 4‐bromobutyric acid (BBA) and oleylamine (OLA) is systematically studied in water‐stable CsPbX3 (X = Br and I) QDs and confirms that the zwitterionic ligands generated in situ by BBA and OLA are anchored on the QDs surface, thus preventing water from penetrating into the QDs. Cs4PbBr6 intermediate crystal found in the crystal structure evolution process of CsPbX3 QD further reveals a complete crystallization process: PbX2 + CsX + Br− → Cs4PbBr6 crystals + X−→ CsPbX3 QDs + Br−. Furthermore, it is found that the solvent coordination of the precursor solution has a significant effect on the crystallinity of Cs4PbBr6 intermediate crystal, while the Rb+ doping can effectively passivate the surface defects of CsPbX3 QDs, thereby jointly achieving photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) of 94.6% for CsPbBr3 QDs (88.2% for CsPbI3 QDs). This work provides new insights and guiding ideas for the green synthesis of high‐quality and water‐stable perovskite QDs.
Hollow Superstructure In Situ Assembled by Single‐Layer Janus Nanospheres toward Electromagnetic Shielding Flame‐Retardant Polyurea Composites
Authors: Bi Xue , Song Kunpeng , Pan Ye‐Tang , Barreneche Camila , Vahabi Henri , He Jiyu , Yang Rongjie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA dodecahedral superstructure consisting of a single layer of Janus spheres containing ZIF‐67 nanodots is prepared by in situ polymerization, with ZIF‐67 and bio‐based phytic acid (PA) as templates and dopants. It is used to improve the flame retardant, electromagnetic (EMI) shielding, and thermal conductivity properties of polyurea (PUA). By adding 5 wt% polyaniline@cobalt phytate‐2.0 (PANI@Co‐PA‐2.0), the peak of heat release rate and the peak of smoke production rate are reduced by 54.9 and 59.9%, respectively. The peak of CO and CO2 production also decreased by 46.2 and 53.1%, respectively. A decrease in the absorption intensity of aliphatic and aromatic volatiles is also observed. The fire safety of PUA is greatly improved. In addition, PUA/PANI@Co‐PA‐2.0 exhibits an EMI shielding capability of 22.4 dB with the help of reduced graphene oxide, which confirms the possibility of PUA material application in the field of electromagnetic shielding. The 5 wt% filler increases the tensile strength of the PUA matrix to 6.3 MPa, and the composite material obtains good thermal conductivity. This work provides a viable method for the preparation of a flame‐retardant, conductive, and electromagnetic refractory PUA substrate.
Isomorphous Substitution of Organic Cage Crystal by Pd Nanoclusters for Selective Hydrogenation
Authors: Zhang Minghui , He Zexing , Wang Li , Zhang Xiangwen , Li Guozhu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor supporting active metal, the cavity confinement and mass transfer facilitation lie not in one sack, a trade‐off between high activity and good stability of the catalyst is present. Porous organic cages (POCs) are expected to break the trade‐off when metal particles are properly loaded. Herein, three organic cages (CC3, RCC3, and FT‐RCC3) are employed to support Pd nanoclusters for catalytic hydrogenation. Subnanometer Pd clusters locate differently in different cage frameworks by using the same reverse double‐solvents approach. Compared with those encapsulated in the intrinsic cavity of RCC3 and anchored on the outer surface of CC3, the Pd nanoclusters orderly assembled in FT‐RCC3 crystal via isomorphous substitution exhibit superior activity, high selectivity, and good stability for semi‐hydrogenation of phenylacetylene. Isomorphous substitution of FT‐RCC3 crystal by Pd nanoclusters is originated from high crystallization capacity of FT‐RCC3 and specific interaction of each Pd nanocluster with four cage windows. Both confinement function and H2 accumulation capacity of FT‐RCC3 are fully utilized to support active Pd nanoclusters for efficient selective hydrogenation. The present results provide a new perspective to the heterogeneous catalysis field in terms of crystalizing metal nanoclusters in POC framework and outside the cage for making the best use of both parts.
Dimensional engineering of covalent organic frameworks derived carbons for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction
Authors: Liu Guojuan , Li Xuewen , Liu Minghao , Yang Xiubei , Guo Zhuangyan , Chen Xinqing , Xu Qing , Zeng Gaofeng , He Yue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been developed as the precursors to construct porous carbons for electrocatalytic systems. However, the influences of carbon dimensions on the catalytic performance are still underexplored. In this work, we have first constructed COF‐derived carbons by template‐synthesis strategy in different dimensions to catalyze the carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR). By using different templates, the one‐dimensional (1D), two‐dimensional (2D), and three‐dimensional (3D) COF‐derived carbons have been employed to anchor Co‐porphyrin to form the Co‐N5 sites to catalyze CO2RR. The 1D catalyst templated by carbon nano tubes presents high binding ability of CO2, more defective sites, and higher electronic conductivity, resulting in a higher catalytic activity for CO2 and selectivity of CO than 2D and 3D carbon‐based catalysts. The 1D catalyst delivers the turnover frequency values of 1150 h−1 and the FECO of 94.5% at 0.7 V versus RHE, which is significantly better than those of 2D and 3D carbon‐based catalysts.
The universal one-loop effective action with gravity
Authors: Larue Rémy , Quevillon Jérémie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We complete the so-called Universal One-Loop Effective Action (UOLEA) with effects of gravity and provide a systematic approach to incorporate higher dimensional operators in curved spacetime. The functional determinant stemming from the path integral is computed using the Covariant Derivative Expansion (CDE), in a momentum representation that does not rely on a specific choice of coordinate to be defined, as it often is. This efficient approach manifests an interesting novelty as it allows to integrate out chiral fermions in curved spacetime in a direct manner leading to new operators involving the curvature, and provides a new alternative to the use of Feynman diagrams in that regard. The method presented would very well fit in a code that performs CDE, offering the possibility to integrate out at one-loop fields on a curved spacetime background, including spin-2 fields, like the graviton. Eventually these results should provide an interesting way to study low energy effects of UV completions of gravity.
Emerging roles and mechanisms of ERK pathway mechanosensing
Authors: Crozet Flora , Levayer Romain 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe coupling between mechanical forces and modulation of cell signalling pathways is essential for tissue plasticity and their adaptation to changing environments. Whilst the number of physiological and pathological relevant roles of mechanotransduction has been rapidly expanding over the last decade, studies have been mostly focussing on a limited number of mechanosensitive pathways, which include for instance Hippo/YAP/TAZ pathway, Wnt/β-catenin or the stretch-activated channel Piezo. However, the recent development and spreading of new live sensors has provided new insights into the contribution of ERK pathway in mechanosensing in various systems, which emerges now as a fast and modular mechanosensitive pathway. In this review, we will document key in vivo and in vitro examples that have established a clear link between cell deformation, mechanical stress and modulation of ERK signalling, comparing the relevant timescale and mechanical stress. We will then discuss different molecular mechanisms that have been proposed so far, focussing on the epistatic link between mechanics and ERK and discussing the relevant cellular parameters affecting ERK signalling. We will finish by discussing the physiological and the pathological consequences of the link between ERK and mechanics, outlining how this interplay is instrumental for self-organisation and long-range cell–cell coordination.
Ino2, activator of yeast phospholipid biosynthetic genes, interacts with basal transcription factors TFIIA and Bdf1
Authors: Engelhardt Maike , Hintze Stefan , Wendegatz Eva-Carina , Lettow Julia , Schüller Hans-Joachim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBinding of general transcription factors TFIID and TFIIA to basal promoters is rate-limiting for transcriptional initiation of eukaryotic protein-coding genes. Consequently, activator proteins interacting with subunits of TFIID and/or TFIIA can drastically increase the rate of initiation events. Yeast transcriptional activator Ino2 interacts with several Taf subunits of TFIID, among them the multifunctional Taf1 protein. In contrast to mammalian Taf1, yeast Taf1 lacks bromodomains which are instead encoded by separate proteins Bdf1 and Bdf2. In this work, we show that Bdf1 not only binds to acetylated histone H4 but can also be recruited by Ino2 and unrelated activators such as Gal4, Rap1, Leu3 and Flo8. An activator-binding domain was mapped in the N-terminus of Bdf1. Subunits Toa1 and Toa2 of yeast TFIIA directly contact sequences of basal promoters and TFIID subunit TBP but may also mediate the influence of activators. Indeed, Ino2 efficiently binds to two separate structural domains of Toa1, specifically with its N-terminal four-helix bundle structure required for dimerization with Toa2 and its C-terminal β-barrel domain contacting TBP and sequences of the TATA element. These findings complete the functional analysis of yeast general transcription factors Bdf1 and Toa1 and identify them as targets of activator proteins.
Comparative outcomes among inlay grafted incised plate, onlay preputial flap and tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for the repair of distal penile hypospadias with a narrow urethral plate
Authors: Ali Mostafa M. , Anwar Ahmed Z. , Mohamed Mostafa Sh. , Abdelgawad Ahmed H. , Rohiem Mahmoud F. , Hussein Alayman , Hasanein Mohammed G. S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We conducted this study, comparing the outcomes among Transverse Onlay Island Flap, inlay grafted incised plate and our previous records of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) in patients with narrow urethral plates, aiming to determine which method of repair provides a good outcome.

Methods
This hybrid study included two datasets. The first from a prospective randomized study evaluating outcomes of two treatment modalities; Inlay graft and only flap for distal hypospadias with shallow urethral plate with 80 patients (40 patients in each group) included, the second based on our previous records of TIPU in 40 patients with distal primary hypospadias with narrow urethral plate.

Results
The success rate in inlay graft urethroplasty group (n = 40) was 87.5%; glandular dehiscence occurred in one case (2.5%), fistulas occurred in 2 cases (5%), and narrow meatus occurred in two cases (5%). Success rate in onlay flap urethroplasty group (n = 40) was 82.5%; glandular dehiscence occurred in two cases (5%), fistulas occurred in two cases (5%), and narrow meatus occurred in three cases (7.5%). TIPU group (n = 40) had success rate of 62.5%; glandular dehiscence occurred in eight cases (20%), fistulas occurred in five cases (12.5%), and narrow meatus occurred in seven cases (17.5%), with five cases exhibiting both narrow meatus with fistula.

Conclusion
Inlay graft and onlay flap urethroplasty for repair of distal penile hypospadias with narrow urethral plate had higher success rate and fewer complications than traditional TIPU. Moreover, operative time was shorter in TIPU.
Psychometric validation of the Spanish version of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26
Authors: Zamora Víctor , Garin Olatz , Suárez José Francisco , Jové Josep , Castells Manuel , Ferrer Ferran , Gutiérrez Cristina , Guedea Ferran , Boladeras Ana , Fumadó Lluis , Roselló Alvar , Pastor Jorge , Samper Pilar , Pont Àngels , Ferrer Montse 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Spanish version of the Expanded Prostate cancer Index Composite (EPIC) with 26 items.

Methods
Multicentric longitudinal study of patients diagnosed with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer (any T, any N, M0) treated with active surveillance, surgery, external radiotherapy, or brachytherapy. The EPIC-50 was administered initially to the cohort (n = 324 patients), until it was replaced in November 2019 by the EPIC-26 (n = 543), in both groups before treatment and 12 months after. We assessed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, criterion validity with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and responsiveness by testing a priori hypotheses on deterioration effect size (ES).

Results
The CFA confirmed the five-domain structure of the EPIC-26 proposed by the original instrument (comparative fit index = 0.95). The agreement between EPIC-50 (gold standard) and EPIC-26 domains was excellent (ICC > 0.90). Cronbach’s alpha was > 0.7 in almost all domains, and the floor effect was near zero, although ceiling effect was higher than 50% in urinary incontinence and bowel domains. Hypothesized changes between before and 12 months after treatment were confirmed: ES > 0.8 in both urinary incontinence and sexual domains among patients who underwent surgery; and ES ranging 0.44–0.48 for bowel and sexual domains in patients treated with external radiotherapy.

Conclusion
The Spanish version of the EPIC-26 has demonstrated adequate metric properties, similar to those of the original version, with acceptable goodness-of-fit indices, good criterion validity, reliability, and responsiveness to detect changes after radical prostatectomy or external radiotherapy.
Prediction of scour depth around bridge abutments using ensemble machine learning models
Authors: Marulasiddappa Sreedhara B. , Patil Amit Prakash , Kuntoji Geetha , Praveen K. M. , Naganna Sujay Raghavendra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbutments are the structures that support the ends of a bridge deck. Scouring of streambed is a significant problem and ultimately results in the failure of the bridge when the abutments are exposed to flowing water over the long term. Abutment scour is influenced by the type of abutment, shape, and size of the abutments. In the current study, machine learning (ML) models have been utilized for predicting the scour depth around abutments making use of experimental data. The scour depth was modeled around three types of abutments: a vertical wall, a semicircular wall, and a 45° wing wall. Five input parameters, namely, the length of the abutment (L), breadth of the abutment (B), sediment size (d50), approaching flow depth (h) and average approaching flow velocity (U), were used in this study. For predicting the abutment scour depth, ML models such as Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Gradient Tree Boosting (GTB), Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH), and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) were applied. Statistical metrics such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Relative RMSE (RRMSE), Normalized Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NNSE), Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE), and Willmott Index (WI) have been employed to evaluate the performance of each model. It was found that the GTB model provided relatively accurate predictions of the scour depth around the semicircular and 45° wing wall abutments with good metrics. Similarly, the MARS model outperformed all other models in terms of predicting vertical wall abutment scour depth.
Impedance characterization of substrate leakage in wafer bonded CMUTs
Authors: Khan Mansoor , Khan Talha Masood 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work investigates substrate leakage in Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers, (CMUTs) having thin backings. CMUTs produced with solid or rigid substrates have a high Q resonance with flat baseline. However, if the operating wavelength of CMUT becomes larger than the thickness of substrate the real part of cell impedance shows elevated baselines with more leakage at DC than at higher frequencies. When a clamped CMUT membrane is excited harmonically the vibrations produced are counterbalanced by the backing medium. Hence some of the energy is coupled to substrate as loss resulting in a lower mechanical Q of resonance. We first derive this energy coupled to the backing medium using FEA analysis considering the velocity field and associated tensile stresses in a thin backing. Substrate impedance is found numerically from isotropic damping of dispersive elastic waves in the backing. This backing impedance is introduced as a shunt mechanical loss across the transduction force in equivalent circuit model. We characterize the measured impedance of CMUT cells with both FEMs and linear circuit models. Simulations results closely agree with the measured impedance levels, frequency and bandwidth of resonance.