bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use
Authors: Johnstad Petter Grahl 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThere are well-established literatures documenting the associations between mental disorders and unhealthy behaviors such as poor diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use. Few studies have attempted to understand the respective findings in light of each other, however.ObjectiveThe purpose of this review was to assemble comparable data for each behavior-disorder association and assess the associations in terms of their overall strength. The review aimed to include a representative, but not exhaustive, range of studies that would allow for explorative comparisons.MethodsEligible studies were identified via Pubmed searches and citation searching, restricted to publications no older than 2015 written in English. To obtain comparable data, only studies that reported findings as odds ratios were included, and risk of bias related to study samples, behavioral measurement disparities, and control variables was assessed via sensitivity analyses. Findings for each disorder were compared on the basis of different measures of central tendency.ResultsFrom 3,682 records, 294 studies were included. The review found evidence of associations between each of the four unhealthy behaviors and psychosis, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while personality disorder was only investigated in relation to cannabis and tobacco use. In overall comparison, the associations were generally of similar strength, and only the association between cannabis use and personality disorder was exceptional in terms of being significantly stronger than its counterparts across disorders and across behaviors. Analyses of bias risk identified some influence from behavioral measurement disparities and lack of adequate statistical control, but findings were generally robust across a range of sensitivity analyses.ConclusionThis explorative and comparative review found that poor diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use are about equally strongly associated with a range of different mental disorders. Given the general nature of these associations, we should probably understand them to reflect a general and shared etiology. However, the findings in this review should be regarded as tentative until confirmed by more comprehensive investigations.
Impact of two COVID-19 lockdowns on HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and associations with patient characteristics: a multicentre, observational cohort study over three years
Authors: Schäfer Ingmar , Tajdar Daniel , Walther Laura , Bittner Lasse , Lühmann Dagmar , Scherer Martin 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionGlycemic effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are controversial. In this long-term observation, we aimed (1) to analyze changes in HbA1c levels during lockdowns in Germany, and (2) to investigate whether diabetes medication, comorbidities, and sociodemographic data influenced these changes.Materials and methodsThis cohort study observed 1,089 patients aged ≥18 years over the years 2019 to 2021. Patients were recruited from 14 physicians specialized on diabetes. As dependent variable, 7,987 HbA1c values were analyzed by multivariable linear regression adjusted for random effects of physicians and patients.ResultsPatients had a median age of 68 (60/76) years and 623 (57.2%) were male. Before the pandemic, median HbA1c level (in %) was 6.9 (6.3/7.7). Average HbA1c level increased during first lockdown (0.21,0.11/0.31,p &lt; 0.001), after first lockdown (0.23,0.18/0.28,p &lt; 0.001), during second lockdown (0.40,0.33/0.47,p &lt; 0.001) and after second lockdown (0.27,0.18/0.36,p &lt; 0.001). The increase of HbA1c levels was more pronounced in male patients (0.08,0.01/0.15,p = 0.019), if patients did not have German as native language (0.12,0.01/0.23,p = 0.041) and if they were widowed (0.19,0.05/0.32,p = 0.008). End organ damages (0.12,0.01/0.23,p = 0.039), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD; 0.23,0.10/0.36,p = 0.001) and cardiovascular events (0.25,0.10/0.40,p = 0.001) as well as oral medication (0.09,0.03/0.15,p = 0.002), intermediate- or long-acting insulins (0.24,0.16/0.32,p &lt; 0.001), and fast-acting or mixed insulins (0.30,0.23/0.36,p &lt; 0.001) were also related to a greater increase in HbA1c levels.ConclusionBoth lockdowns resulted in a significant increase in HbA1c levels. In particular, patients with ASCVD, cardiovascular events, and insulin therapy appear to be at risk for worsening glycemic control in crisis and thus require special medical attention.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04821921).
Effectiveness of information and communication technology-based integrated care for older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Yutong , Wang Shanshan , Zhang Yan , Meng Lixue , Li Xiaohua 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundInformation and communication technology (ICT) is a key factor in advancing the implementation of integrated care for older adults in the context of an aging society and the normalization of epidemics. This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of ICT-based integrated care for older adults to provide input for the construction of intelligent integrated care models suitable for the context of an aging population in China.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, MEDLINE, EBSCO, EMBASE, CINAHL with full text, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library databases, along with the Google Scholar search engine, for papers published between January 1, 2000, and July 25, 2022, to include randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies of ICT-based integrated care for older adults. Two reviewers independently performed literature screening, quality assessment (JBI standardized critical appraisal tool), and data extraction. The results were pooled using a random effects model, and narrative synthesis was used for studies with insufficient outcome data.ResultsWe included 32 studies (21 interventions) with a total of 30,200 participants (14,289 in the control group and 15,911 in the intervention group). However, the quality of the literature could be improved. The meta-analysis results showed that ICT-based integrated care significantly improved the overall perceived health status of older adults (n=3 studies, MD 1.29 (CI 0.11 to 2.46), no heterogeneity) and reduced the number of emergency department visits (n=11 studies, OR 0.46 (CI 0.25 to 0.86), high heterogeneity) but had no significant effect on improving quality of life, mobility, depression, hospital admissions and readmissions, or mortality in older adults, with a high degree of study heterogeneity. Narrative analysis showed that the overall quality of care, primary care service use, and functional status of older adults in the intervention group improved, but the cost-effectiveness was unclear.ConclusionsICT-based integrated care is effective in improving health outcomes for older adults, but the quality and homogeneity of the evidence base need to be improved. Researchers should develop intelligent integrated care programs in the context of local health and care welfare provision systems for older adults, along with the preferences and priorities of the older adults.
Incidence of lung cancer among healthcare workers in Hunan Province and analysis of related risk factors
Authors: Xiao Jinzhang , Li Sishi , Zhu Shudong , Ranjan Kamakshi , Zhang Dianzheng 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe prevalence of lung cancer, a major type of malignant tumor, has been increasing over the years greatly impacting the health of Chinese residents. This study investigates the epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer among healthcare workers in the Hunan Province, as well as the occupational risk factors.MethodsThe data analyzed in this study was collected from the largest tumor hospital in the province: the Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital affiliated with Central South University, School of Medicine. The data collected encompasses input collected between the years of 2004 to 2013 of the population of healthcare workers who were hospitalized for lung cancer treatments. Information was obtained through statistical analysis and telephonic interviews.ResultsThe prevalence of lung cancer among healthcare workers was much higher than that of the general population, as revealed by the difference between number of healthcare worker cases per 1,000 cases and number of healthcare workers per 1,000 population in the decade from 2004 to 2013. Analysis of the data further demonstrates that lung cancer prevalence among healthcare workers increases exponentially with age. Although smoking has been shown to increase the incidence of lung cancer to some extent, it is most likely not the main cause of lung cancer. In addition, it appears that the highest rates of lung cancer incidence occurs in mainly in primary general practitioners, medical radiologists, and nurses. The lack of awareness of personal safety measures may place healthcare workers at a greater risk of lung cancer.
Improving the detection capability and efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 RNA specimens by the specimen turn-around process with multi-department cooperation
Authors: Liu Chenggui , Shen Wei , Xie Huiqiong , Li Ying , Cui Rong , Wu Rongcheng , Xiao Li , Li Jing , Guo Yanjun , Liao Yi , Zhao Chonghui , Xu Yunfei , Wang Qin 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveImproving the detection capability and efficiency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA specimens is very important for the prevention and control of the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we evaluated the detection capability and efficiency of two outbreaks of COVID-19 before and after the process re-engineering in April and July 2022.MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study involved 359,845 SARS-CoV-2 RNA specimens 2 weeks before and 2 weeks after the two outbreaks of COVID-19 in April and July. The number, transportation time and detection time of specimens, and the number of reports of more than 24 h were analyzed by SPSS software.ResultsWhile 16.84% of people chose nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) specimens, 83.16% chose oropharyngeal swabs (OPS) specimens to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA. There were significant upward trends in the percentage of 10 sample pooling (P-10) from April before process re-engineering to July after process re-engineering (p &lt; 0.001). Compared with April, the number of specimens in July increased significantly not only 2 weeks before but also 2 weeks after the outbreak of COVID-19, with an increase of 35.46 and 93.94%, respectively. After the process re-engineering, the number of reports more than 24 h in the 2 weeks before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 in July was significantly lower than that in April before process re-engineering (0% vs. 0.06% and 0 vs. 0.89%, both p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe present study shows that strengthening the cooperation of multi-departments in process re-engineering, especially using the P-10 strategy and whole process informatization can improve the detection capability and efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 RNA specimens.
Results from the 2022 Mexican report card on physical activity for children and adolescents
Authors: Argumedo Gabriela , López y Taylor Juan Ricardo , Ortiz Brunel Julissa , Gaytán-González Alejandro , González-Casanova Inés , González Villalobos Martín Francisco , Jáuregui Alejandra , Jáuregui Ulloa Edtna , Medina Catalina , Pacheco Miranda Yoali Selene , Pérez Rodríguez Marcela , Retano Pelayo Ricardo Alejandro , Rodríguez Martínez María del Pilar , Galaviz Karla I. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe Mexican Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents aims to assess the prevalence of movement behaviors and opportunities to perform them.MethodsData on 11 indicators were obtained from national health surveys, census data, government documents, websites, and published studies. Data were compared against established benchmarks, and a grade between 0 and 10 was assigned to each indicator.ResultsFor Daily Behaviors, we found 34.5% of Mexican children and adolescents meet Physical Activity recommendations (Grade 3), 48.4% participate in Organized Sports (Grade 5), 35–75.8% engage in Active Play outdoors (Grade 4), 54.1% use Active Transportation (Grade 5), 43.6% spend &lt;2 h in Sedentary Behavior per day (Grade 4), and 65–91% meet Sleep recommendations (Grade 7). Girls have lower physical activity levels and sports participation than boys of the same age. For Physical Fitness, we found 56.2–61.8% of children and adolescents have an adequate body mass index for their age (Grade 6). For Sources of Influence, we found 65–67% of parents engage in physical activity or sports in a week (Grade 7), 32.2–53.3% of basic education schools have a physical education teacher (Grade 6), and 37% of neighborhoods in Mexico have sidewalks with trees (Grade 4). Regarding Government, several policies and programs aimed at improving children physical activity were launched but their impact and allocated implementation budget are unknown (Grade 6).DiscussionMexican children and adolescents engage in low levels of movement behaviors and have limited opportunities to perform such behaviors. The grades and recommendations provided here should be considered to improve such opportunities.
Supporting Inuit food sovereignty through collaborative research of an at-risk caribou herd
Authors: Hanke Andrea , Niptanatiak Dumond Amanda , Di Francesco Juliette , Adams Cindy Lou , Milton Terry , Leclerc Lisa-Marie , Maksagak Beverly , Nathoo Rosemin , Roberto-Charron Amélie , Blue Gwendolyn , Kutz Susan 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionClimate change is increasing vulnerability to food insecurity and biodiversity loss for many Indigenous Peoples globally. For Inuit, food sovereignty is one expression of Indigenous self-determination, and it includes the right of all Inuit to define their own conservation policies. Caribou conservation is particularly pertinent because of the central role caribou play in Inuit food systems. The “Dolphin and Union” (DU) caribou herd is a critical component of Inuit food systems in the Canadian Arctic and has declined by 89% in 2020 (3,815) from the peak measured by aerial survey in 1997 (34,558).MethodsOur first objective was to identify insights about this herd from and with InuitQaujimajatuqangit(knowledge). Using thematic analysis, we created a collective account on the DU caribou herd through a research partnership among Indigenous knowledge keepers, government, and academia. Our second objective was to put our findings into the broader literature on the DU caribou herd and connect isolated data on their abundance and distribution.ResultsWe found understanding Inuit knowledge of caribou meant situating harvesters’ knowledge within their family history, harvesting methods, conservation ethics, and in relation to other harvesters. Through this framework, we conceptualized Inuit-described metrics of caribou status, resulting in three sub-themes of caribou trends over time – their abundance, distribution, and health, − and ending with conservation concerns and potential actions. The synthesized data indicated that the overall population size increased since ~1990s and then decreased after ~2000s alongside a range contraction. Our results add value to co-management literature by (1) articulating Inuit-described metrics of a population decline that inform continued monitoring and incorporation of these metrics into management planning and (2) synthesizing data from various studies on the DU caribou herd abundance and distribution that assists management to make informed conservation decisions based on Inuit and Western knowledge.DiscussionResults from this research contribute to understanding the six dimensions of environmental health, i.e., availability, stability, accessibility, health and wellness, Inuit culture, and decision-making power and management relating to caribou. The results contribute information that is used by to support environmental health, i.e., knowledge systems, policy, and co-management relating to caribou. Thus, this collaborative research study supports the expression of Inuit food sovereignty through caribou conservation.
Visualization of anatomical structures in the fetlock region of the horse using cone beam computed tomography in comparison with conventional multidetector computed tomography
Authors: Bierau Jonathan , Cruz Antonio M. , Koch Christoph , Manso-Diaz Gabriel , Büttner Kathrin , Staszyk Carsten , Röcken Michael 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionCone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is regarded as a convenient and suitable alternative to conventional computed tomography. However, in the horse, the quality of obtained data sets needs to be evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the visibility and accessibility of clinically relevant anatomical structures displayed in CBCT and conventional multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).Materials and methodsTwenty-nine limbs from horses euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study were used. Native and intraarticular contrast scans of the fetlock (CBCT vs. MDCT) were performed. The visibility and accessibility of selected anatomical structures were blindly scored by three independent experienced observers using a scoring system previously reported and adapted to the fetlock joint.ResultsOnly minor differences between CBCT and MDCT were identified concerning the diagnostic quality of images for osseous structures. Soft tissue structures were better evaluated on MDCT images. In CBCT as well as in MDCT articular cartilage could only be visualized after intraarticular injection of contrast medium.Discussion/conclusionCone beam computed tomography of the fetlock is a useful and reliable diagnostic tool when evaluating osseous structures and delineating articular cartilage with contrast medium. However, this modality is limited for assessing soft tissues structures.
Mortality and heavy metals environmental exposure: a study in dogs
Authors: Giugliano Roberta , Crescio Maria Ines , Cosma Valeria , Ciccotelli Valentina , Vivaldi Barbara , Razzuoli Elisabetta 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionDogs are human companions and share environmental conditions with their owners. Epidemiological studies have shown that dogs seem to be good sentinel animals for the association of diseases and/or mortality provoked by chronic exposure to heavy metals (Cd, Pb).MethodsIn the present work, we analyze the registered death cases and population from the National Canine Registry from 2020 to 2022, involving a dog population of 582,564 and 17,507 deaths. The mortality rate in male and not-purebred dogs is higher than in female and purebred dogs, respectively. The mortality cases were cross-referenced with the environmental pollution data relating to the concentration of Cd and Pb detected, between 2012 and 2022, in the various municipalities of the Liguria region. We then calculated SMR (Standardized Mortality Rate) throughout the region and found that mortality increases from the eastern to the western Ligurian coast.Results and discussionWe observed that the most polluted areas present the highest SMRs (IRR = 1.36, 95%CI: from 1.31 to 1.41). Considering dog ages, we found that mortality in young dogs is not affected by pollution, while mortality in old dogs (10–20 years old) is heavily affected by it (IRR = 8.97, 95%CI from 8.09 to 9.93). In conclusion, the data suggest the importance of canine health and biomonitor studies and provide a basis for future research involving both animal and human health.
Modeling the Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability of Potential Heterocyclic Drugs via Biomimetic IAM Chromatography Technique Combined with QSAR Methodology
Authors: Janicka Małgorzata , Sztanke Małgorzata , Sztanke Krzysztof 
Published: January 2024

Penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is desirable in the case of potential pharmaceuticals acting on the central nervous system (CNS), but is undesirable in the case of drug candidates acting on the peripheral nervous system because it may cause CNS side effects. Therefore, modeling of the permeability across the blood-brain barrier (i.e., the logarithm of the brain to blood concentration ratio, log BB) of potential pharmaceuticals should be performed as early as possible in the preclinical phase of drug development. Biomimetic chromatography with immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) and the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) methodology were successful in modeling the blood-brain barrier permeability of 126 drug candidates, whose experimentally-derived lipophilicity indices and computationally-derived molecular descriptors (such as molecular weight (MW), number of rotatable bonds (NRB), number of hydrogen bond donors (HBD), number of hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA), topological polar surface area (TPSA), and polarizability (α)) varied by class. The QSARs model established by multiple linear regression showed a positive effect of the lipophilicity (log kw, IAM) and molecular weight of the compound, and a negative effect of the number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, on the log BB values. The model has been cross-validated, and all statistics indicate that it is very good and has high predictive ability. The simplicity of the developed model, and its usefulness in screening studies of novel drug candidates that are able to cross the BBB by passive diffusion, are emphasized.
Information and Communication Technology Utilization for Managerial Planning Among Educational Administrators in Secondary Schools in Ilorin Metropolis
Authors: Olalekan BOLAJI Hammed , BOLAJI Tajudeen Oluwafemi 
Published: January 2024

This study examines how secondary school administrators in the Ilorin Metropolis use ICT for managerial planning. The principal must effectively and efficiently organize, manage, and supervise the school's business for them to run successfully. This study's design is a survey-style descriptive study to determine how ICT affects principals' administrative performance. The population of this study consisted of 292 participants from all 75 public secondary schools in the Ilorin Metropolis. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled "Information Communication Technology and Principal's Administrative Effectiveness Questionnaire" (ICTPAEQ) while reliability coefficient values of 0.85 were obtained. The data gathered from the field was evaluated using pertinent descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean, and standard deviation, while research question 4 was addressed using Pearson Production Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistics. This finding may be explained by the fact that most schools lacked these ICT resources, which may have contributed to the finding. This finding revealed that secondary school principals do better administratively the more they use ICT resources. This further implies that secondary school management effectiveness may be in danger in the absence of ICT. This implied that ICT is a crucial factor in the efficient administration of secondary schools. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations were made for secondary school administrators to become more proficient and use ICT technologies to enhance training for school administrators who are not yet ICT proficient.