bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parity conditions and the efficiency of the Australian 90‐ and 180‐day forward markets
Authors: Felmingham Bruce , Leong SuSan 
Published: December 2004

AbstractCovered Interest Parity (CIP) holds in the 90 and 180 forward market for the AUD/USD spot exchange rate provided fully modified least absolute deviation model (FM‐LAD) procedures are applied to daily data for the period from December 2, 1985 to December 29, 2000. CIP fails if corrected ordinary least squares (OLS) and fully modified OLS (FM‐OLS) procedures are applied. However, UIP fails in both markets on early data: December 2, 1985 to December 31, 1991, but holds in the 90‐day market in a later subperiod: January 2, 1992 to December 29, 2000 FM. UIP is modified (M) to accommodate a potential risk premium. The MUIP model does not provide strong evidence suggesting the presence of a time‐varying risk premium (TRP).
Solution structure of the rhodanese homology domain At4g01050(175–295) from Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Pantoja‐Uceda David , López‐Méndez Blanca , Koshiba Seizo , Inoue Makoto , Kigawa Takanori , Terada Takaho , Shirouzu Mikako , Tanaka Akiko , Seki Motoaki , Shinozaki Kazuo , Yokoyama Shigeyuki , Güntert Peter 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe three‐dimensional structure of the rhodanese homology domain At4g01050(175–195) from Arabidopsis thaliana has been determined by solution nuclear magnetic resonance methods based on 3043 upper distance limits derived from NOE intensities measured in three‐dimensional NOESY spectra. The structure shows a backbone root mean square deviation to the mean coordinates of 0.43 Å for the structured residues 7–125. The fold consists of a central parallel β‐sheet with five strands in the order 1–5–4–2–3 and arranged in the conventional counterclockwise twist, and helices packing against each side of the β‐sheet. Comparison with the sequences of other proteins with a rhodanese homology domain in Arabidopsis thaliana indicated residues that could play an important role in the scaffold of the rhodanese homology domain. Finally, a three‐dimensional structure comparison of the present noncatalytic rhodanese homology domain with the noncatalytic rhodanese domains of sulfurtransferases from other organisms discloses differences in the length and conformation of loops that could throw light on the role of the noncatalytic rhodanese domain in sulfurtransferases.
SPERM BUNDLE‐FEMALE SOMATIC CELL INTERACTION IN THE FERTILIZATION PROCESS OF VOLVOX CARTERI F. WEISMANNIA(CHLOROPHYTA)1
Authors: Coggin Steven J. , Hutt William , Kochert Gary 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTWe studied the fertilization reaction in Volvox carter f. weismannia (Powers) Iyengar. Tests for a sperm bundle chemoattractant produced by female spheroids were negative. The flagella of the female spheroid were identified as the site of sperm bundle binding. Treatment of female spheroids with trypsin or protease blocked sperm bundle binding, suggesting surface proteins are involved. Sperm bundle binding is not affected by female spheroid age up to 64 h after inversion of the female spheroid. Soybean trypsin inhibitor prevents fertilization pore formation. This suggests that a trypsin‐like enzyme, released by the dissociating sperm bundle, is responsible for fertilization pore formation.
EFFECTS OF MICROTUBULE INHIBITORS ON PRONUCLEAR MIGRATION AND EMBRYOGENESIS IN FUCUS DISTICHUS(PHAEOPHYTA)1
Authors: Brawley Susan H. , Quatrano Ralph S. 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTPronuclear migration in Fucus distichus spp. edentatus (de la Pyl.) Powell is blocked by incubation of fertilized eggs in colchicine (1 mg/ml) and Nocodazole (2 μg/ ml). Rhizoids form prior to decondensation of the sperm chromatin in eggs in which pronuclear fusion is blocked. This occurs during continuous colchicine incubation as well as in eggs recovering from a short treatment with either drug following fertilization. During recovery of the cells, the sperm and egg chromosomes condense, and the sperm chromosomes migrate toward the egg pronucleus. The delay in migration following removal of colchicine is as much as 24 h and is even slower following removal of Nocodazole. The egg chromosomes form a metaphase plate in treated cells while the sperm chromosomes are still distant in the cytoplasm. This suggests that egg centrioles are important in the mitotic division of the zygote, not sperm centrioles. The effect of colchicine treatment on the mitotic plane and cytokinesis is also discussed.
COENOBIAL CELL NUMBER IN SCENEDESMUS QUADRICAUDA (CHLOROPHYCEAE) AS A FUNCTION OF GROWTH RATE IN NITRATE‐LIMITED CHEMOSTATS1
Authors: Gavis Jerome , Chamberlin Charles , Lystad Lisa D. 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTThe relative numbers of cells growing as coenobia of different cell number are functions of growth rate when Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Bréb. is grown axenically in nitrate‐limited, steady‐state chemostats in continuous light. Unicells decreased from a maximum fraction of 0.04–0.05 of the total number of cells at 0.1 day−1 to 0.01 or less as growth rate increased. The fraction of cells that grew as two‐celled coenobia decreased from about 0.2 to 0.01–0.02. The fraction that grew as 4‐celled coenobia increased from about 0.7–0.8 at 0.1 day−1 to near unity at 0.5–0.6 day−1, and then decreased sharply. The fraction of 8‐celled coenobial cells increased from very small values below 0.6 day−1, to ca. 0.9 at 1.0 day−1.
EFFECT OF CYSTEINE AND METHIONINE ON SULFATE UPTAKE AND PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY BY AXENIC ALGAL CULTURES AND LAKE MICROPLANKTON COMMUNITIES1
Authors: Monheimer Richard H. 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTThe presence of up to 500 μg sulfur·l−1 of an equimolar mixture of cysteine and methionine had virtually no effect on the SO42‐ uptake rate of Navicula pelliculosa, (Bréb.) Hilse whereas the rate of Ankistrodesmus falcatus (Corda) Ralfs was decreased by the presence of 500 μg S· l−1 and Anabaena flos‐aquae (Lyngbye) Bréb. by 50 μg S·l−1. Primary productivity in these axenic cultures was affected (decreased) only in A. falcatus. The C:S uptake ratio was lowest in N. pelliculosa and highest in A. falcatus. Considering these species as representative of groups of naturally occurring algae, patterns of SO42‐ uptake and primary productivity in a eutrophic and a moderately oligotrophic lake reflected the results of the algal culturing experiments: SO42‐ uptake rates, relative to primary productivity, were higher in the presence of diatoms and bluegreen algae and lower when green algae were present; the addition of the cysteine I methionine mixture to the lake waters decreased the rate of microplankton SO42‐ uptake in correlation with the makeup of the algal community; primary productivity decreased upon the addition of cysteine I methionine when green algae were relatively abundant. It is concluded that, in most fresh water systems, the effects of organic sulfur pollution on algal SO42‐ uptake and primary productivity are insignificant as compared to other ecological changes that occur due to that pollution.
OBSERVATIONS ON FILAMENT FORMATION IN MICRASTERIAS FOLIACEA (DESMIDIACEAE, CHLOROPHYTA)1
Authors: Lorch Dietrich W. , Engels Monika 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTFilaments of Micrasterias foliacea Bailey were isolated from a sample of a Texas lake. Cultures were established and examined by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Enzymatic removal of mucilage proved necessary to obtain well preserved cells for SEM investigation. The development of the overlapping polar lobes and the formation of the interlocking apical teeth are described. The importance of these, of mucilage and the primary wall for filament formation is discussed.
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF MITOCHONDRIAL FINE STRUCTURE IN CULTURED GONYAULAX POLYEDRA (PYRRHOPHYTA)1
Authors: Herman Eliot Mark , Sweeney Beatrice M. 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTMitochondria in Gonyaulax polyedra Stein have a highly variable morphology which depends on their location within the cell. The morphology ranges from mitochondria, 1 μm in cross section, with highly dense cristae which are located within the central sphere of golgi bodies to giant pleomorphic mitochondria, 5–8 μm in cross section containing condensed “chromosome” structures and located in the more peripheral regions of the cell. Elongated mitochondria containing microtubule‐like elements ware also observed.
A Model‐Based Approach to Semi‐Automated Reconstruction of Buildings from Aerial Images
Authors: Khoshelham Kourosh , Li Zhilin 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAutomated reconstruction of building objects from aerial images is a complex problem due to the diversity of buildings as well as noise and low contrast of images, which are the results of distant photography, atmospheric effects and poor illumination. In this paper, a semi‐automated approach to the reconstruction of parametric building models from aerial images is presented, which works with line segments extracted from the image. The model is selected interactively from a library of parametric models. A perceptual grouping technique is used to select the most significant image lines in terms of relations such as proximity and parallelism. Model lines are searched for the same relations as in the grouped image lines, and the corresponding lines undergo a matching procedure, which determines whether or not a match can be found between the given model and image lines. An experiment with aerial images of flat‐roof and gable‐roof buildings is shown and its results indicate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
Tiny genomes and endoreduplication in Strepsiptera
Authors: Johnston J. S. , Ross L. D. , Beani L. , Hughes D. P. , Kathirithamby J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractUsing flow cytometry, the genome sizes of two species of Strepsiptera were studied: that of male Caenocholax fenyesi texensis Kathirithamby & Johnston (Myrmecolacidae) at 108 Mb, which is the smallest insect genome documented to date; and those of male and female Xenos vesparum Rossi (Stylopidae), which are 1C = 130 and 133 Mb, respectively. The genome sizes of the following were analysed for comparative purposes: (a) the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), which was previously reported to be the smallest among insects: the male measured at 1C = 121 Mb and the female at 1C = 158 Mb; and (b) the female parasitic, haplodiploid, microhymenopteran wasp, Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko, which measured at 1C = 246 Mb. The hosts of the strepsipterans were also measured: male Solenopsis invicta Buren, the red imported fire ant (host of male C. f. texensis), which is 1C = 753.3 Mb, and female Polistes dominulus Christ, the paper wasp (host of X. vesparum), is 1C = 301.4 Mb. Endoreduplication (4C) of the genome of the thorax of the male strepsipteran, and higher levels of endoduplication (4, 8, 16C) in the body of the larger female was observed. In contrast, little or no endoreduplication was observed, either in the Hessian fly, or in the parasitic wasp.
Characterization and evolution of furanocoumarin‐inducible cytochrome P450s in the parsnip webworm, Depressaria pastinacella
Authors: Li W. , Zangerl A. R. , Schuler M. A. , Berenbaum M. R. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract Depressaria pastinacella, the parsnip webworm, a specialist on two genera in the Apiaceae, routinely consumes plant tissues high in furanocoumarin content and is capable of rapid cytochrome P450‐mediated detoxification of these compounds. In this study, four cDNAs were cloned from the larval midgut of this insect: two full‐length CYP6AB3 and CYP6AE1 cDNAs are closely related to members of the furanocoumarin‐metabolizing CYP6B subfamily and two partial CYP9A6 and CYP9A7 cDNAs are related to members of the CYP9A subfamily that have also been linked to the detoxification of xenobiotics. At least one of these P450s (CYP6AB3) is inducible by dietary furanocoumarins, indicating its potential involvement in furanocoumarin metabolism. A homology model of CYP6AB3 was constructed and compared to models of CYP6B1 from the specialist species, Papilio polyxenes, and CYP6B4 from the generalist species, P. glaucus. Structural superpositioning of these models has revealed very high spatial similarity of elements, including the B helix, B′‐C loop, I helix and C‐terminal domain, within the catalytic sites of these proteins. Most importantly, key amino acid residues that can potentially come into contact with furanocoumarin substrates display conservation in their spatial positioning and side chain polarities. Three of these residues, Val103, Leu113 and Phe118 (numbered according to CYP6AB3), are conserved in all three of these proteins, further implicating CYP6AB3 in furanocoumarin metabolism by parsnip webworms. Characterization of these P450 cDNAs will allow for functional analyses aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the coevolutionary interactions between this herbivore and its principal host plant.
Secondary structure, high variability and conserved motifs for domain III of 12S rRNA in the Arthropleona (Hexapoda; Collembola)
Authors: Carapelli A. , Soto‐Adames F. N. , Simon C. , Frati F. , Nardi F. , Dallai R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe robustness of different hypothetical structural models for ribosomal RNAs can be established by comparing sequences from widely different taxonomic groups. Secondary structure models of the two mitochondrial ribosomal subunits have been proposed for a large number of pterygote insects, but little information is available for the more ancient entognath hexapods. We have investigated the most frequently sequenced of the four domains of the mitochondrial small subunit rRNA in twenty‐two collembolan species in the taxon Arthropleona. We provide secondary structure models of this third domain for representative species, and a consensus based on all species studied. This consensus is in partial agreement with previous models. High levels of variation, in terms of length and of primary sequence, are present in the peripheral portions of the domain. Some of the structural elements differ more among genera of springtails than among insect orders. Conversely, a limited number of structural differences compared with other taxa have been detected in the core regions.
Impact of storms on mixed carbonate and siliciclastic shelves: insights from combined diffusive and fluid‐flow transport stratigraphic forward model
Authors: Quiquerez A. , Allemand P. , Dromart G. , Garcia J‐P. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA quantitative stratigraphic model of mixed carbonate/siliciclastic continental shelves is presented to investigate the relationships between depositional processes and stratigraphic responses at long‐term, large spatial scales. A diffusion model is combined with a fluid‐flow approach to simulate both long‐term factors, i.e. the processes controlling large‐scale architecture, and short‐term processes, i.e. sediment redistribution by storms. Any net sediment accumulation is the result of the succession of a storm and a fair‐weather period. Sediments are mobilized by waves and advected by low‐frequency currents during storm events. Sediments are then reworked and redistributed downslope by diffusive processes during fair‐weather period. The results are successful in capturing several major characteristics of both modern and ancient depositional systems (geometry, differential preservation, net accumulation rates). The study highlights the importance of waves and unidirectional currents. Depositional geometry and shelf morphology depend on the balance between available sediment supply (generated in situ or detrital) and the transport energy, which is related to the style of sediment transport (diffusive or advective), and to the magnitude and frequency of storms.
Changed bone status in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) perinatally infected children is related to low serum free IGF‐I
Authors: Stagi Stefano , Bindi Giuseppe , Galluzzi Fiorella , Galli Luisa , Salti Roberto , De Martino Maurizio 
Published: December 2004

Summaryintroduction  Adults and children affected by human immunodeficiency virus type‐1 (HIV‐1) infection show bone demineralization. Little is known about skeletal status using a quantitative high‐frequency ultrasound (QUS) technique in these patients.objective  To evaluate the bone quality and assess the role of the IGF system in the bone metabolism and skeletal status of HIV‐1 perinatally infected children.patients and methods  Serum free and total IGF‐I, IGFBP‐3, serum osteocalcin level, urinary deoxypyridinoline concentration, spontaneous interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) release and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) were evaluated in 44 prepubertal children who had perinatal HIV‐1 infection. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the severity of their clinical condition: group 1 (23 children with no or mild clinical symptoms, mean age 8·0 ± 2·9 years) and group 2 (21 children with severe clinical symptoms, mean age 8·58 ± 2·47 years). Fifty‐five healthy age‐ and sex‐matched controls were analysed for comparison.results  Compared with group 1 and the controls, group 2 patients showed a significantly reduced BUA Z‐score (P < 0·001), and significantly reduced concentrations of serum osteocalcin (P < 0·001) and urinary deoxypyridinoline (P < 0·001 and P < 0·05, respectively). Group 2 patients also showed significantly reduced serum free IGF‐I (P < 0·001) and total IGF‐I (P < 0·05) levels compared with the controls, but not with group 1. No statistically significant differences were found between the three groups with regard to IGFBP‐3. Group 2 patients showed significantly higher spontaneous IL‐6 release than group 1 patients and controls (P < 0·001). BUA Z‐scores displayed a significant correlation with free IGF‐I in group 2 (r = 0·96; P < 0·001), group 1 (r = 0·56; P = 0·005) and controls (r = 0·50; P < 0·001).conclusion  Our study shows that only patients affected by perinatal HIV‐1 infection with severe clinical manifestations present significant changes in bone quality and bone metabolism. Our data also show that impairment of skeletal status is related to reduction in serum total and free IGF‐I. Children with perinatal HIV‐1 infection, because of a considerable improvement in life expectancy, seem at great risk of not obtaining an optimal bone mass. A possible therapeutic approach should be considered in these children.
Correlations of adiponectin level with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in Japanese male populations
Authors: Higashiura Katsuhiro , Ura Nobuyuki , Ohata Jun‐ichi , Togashi Nobuhiko , Takagi Satoru , Saitoh Shigeyuki , Murakami Hideyuki , Takagawa Yoshitoki , Shimamoto Kazuaki 
Published: December 2004

Summaryobjective  Adiponectin, which is secreted specifically by adipose tissue, has been shown to have an anti‐atherosclerotic effect and to improve insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to determine the correlations of plasma adiponectin concentration with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.design and methods  We investigated the relationships of adiponectin concentration with insulin sensitivity, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hCRP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in male inhabitants of rural communities in Japan. hCRP and PWV were used as an indexes of atherosclerosis.results  A negative correlation was found between homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) as an index of insulin resistance and adiponectin concentration. Results of stepwise regression analysis for adiponectin showed that age, HOMA and serum triglyceride (TG) were independently correlated with adiponectin. Multiple regression analysis for lipid profile was also performed and revealed that adiponectin and HOMA were independently correlated with TG and serum high density lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol but not with serum total cholesterol. A significant negative correlation was found between adiponectin and hCRP in all subjects, and a significant negative correlation between adiponectin and PWV was also found in subjects equal or less than 70 years old. When HOMA was added to this analysis, HOMA was found to be independently correlated with hCRP and PWV, but the adiponectin level did not appear to be a significant predictor of hCRP or PWV.conclusions  The results suggest that adiponectin plays a role in lipid metabolism and correlates with atherosclerosis either directly or through insulin resistance.
Prostasome antigens as targets for sperm agglutinating antibodies demonstrated by 1‐D gel electrophoresis and immunoblottings
Authors: Carlsson L. , Larsson A. , Ronquist G. , Nilsson B. O. 
Published: December 2004

SummaryMany immunoinfertile men have sperm agglutinating antibodies that are directed against prostasome‐derived antigens, but these antigens have not been defined so far. We selected serum samples with high ELISA titres against prostasomes from a group of immunoinfertile patients with sperm agglutinating antibodies and used the sera for immunoblottings on 1‐D SDS‐PAGE of prostasomes and sperm cells. The immunoblottings with individual antiprostasome antisera on 1‐D SDS‐PAGE of prostasomes, revealed three to 10 bands for each serum. Eighty‐five per cent of the serum samples contained bands in the 70–75 kDa region and 80% of the samples contained bands in the 50–55 kDa region. Immunoblottings of extracted sperm cells, revealed one to six bands in the molecular weight range 25–82 kDa and two of the samples recognized two bands with molecular weights (50 and 43 kDa) similar to immunoblottings of prostasomes. The prostasomal antigens recognized by the high titre‐antisera of immunoinfertile men were generally different from the sperm antigens recognized by the same sera. This suggests that prostasomes offer a new set of antigens available for research on male immunoinfertility and immunocontraception.