bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Tool to Identify Patients Diagnosed With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Candelieri-Surette Danielle , Hung Anna , Lynch Julie A. , Pridgen Kathryn M. , Agiri Fatai Y. , Li Weiyan , Aggarwal Himani , Anglin-Foote Tori , Lee Kyung Min , Perez Cristina , Reed Shelby , DuVall Scott L. , Wong Yu-Ning , Alba Patrick R. 
Published: October 2023

PURPOSE Several novel therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) have been approved with randomized phase III studies with continuing observational research either planned or ongoing. Accurately identifying patients with CRPC in electronic health care data is critical for quality observational research, resource allocation, and quality improvement. Previous work in this area has relied on either structured laboratory results and medication data or natural language processing (NLP) methods. However, a computable phenotype using both structured data and NLP identifies these patients with more accuracy. METHODS The Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW) of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) was used to collect PCa diagnoses, prostate-specific antigen test results, and information regarding patient characteristics and medication use. The final system used for validation and subsequent analysis combined the NLP system and an algorithm of structured laboratory and medication data to identify patients as being diagnosed with CRPC. Patients with both a documented diagnosis of CRPC and a documented diagnosis of metastatic PCa were classified as having mCRPC by this system. RESULTS Among 1.2 million veterans with PCa, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 diagnosis code for CRPC (Z19.2) identifies 3,791 patients from 2016 when the code was created until 2022, compared with the combined algorithm which identifies 14,103, 10,312 more than ICD-10 codes alone, from 2016 to 2022. The combined algorithm showed a sensitivity of 97.9% and a specificity of 99.2%. CONCLUSION ICD-10 codes proved to be insufficient for capturing CRPC in the VHA CDW data. Using both structured and unstructured data identified more than double the number of patients compared with ICD-10 codes alone. Application of this combined approach drastically improved identification of real-world patients and enables high-quality observational research in mCRPC.
Age features of the thymocite RNA response in the thymus structural and functional areas to blood circulation disorders in the pool of carotic arteries in rats
Authors: Tkachuk S. , Tkachuk O. , Denysenko O. , Yasinska O. , Garvasiuk O. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Ischemic-reperfusion injuries of the brain are accompanied by immunological disorders, which in their turn can extend post-ischemic changes in the brain. The studies of structural and functional changes in the thymus cells caused byischemia-reperfusion of the brain can supplement the existing understanding of the mechanism of the above interaction.
The aim of the study. To investigate the reaction of thymocyte RNA in the structural and functional areas of the thymus gland to blood circulation disturbances in the carotid artery pool.
Results. In rats of both age groups, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion reduces the content of RNA in the thymus cells in all the structural and functional areas of the thymus except the deep cortical one in one-month rats and the sub-capsular one in three-month rats.
Conclusions. Acute circulatory disorders in the pool of the carotid arteries result in certain changes in RNA content in all the structural and functional areas of the thymus with age-related and structural features available.
The Competition Complexity of Dynamic Pricing
Authors: Brustle Johannes , Correa José , Duetting Paul , Verdugo Victor 
Published: October 2023

We study the competition complexity of dynamic pricing relative to the optimal auction in the fundamental single-item setting. In prophet inequality terminology, we compare the expected reward [Formula: see text] achievable by the optimal online policy on m independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables distributed according to F to the expected maximum [Formula: see text] of n i.i.d. draws from F. We ask how big m has to be to ensure that [Formula: see text] for all F. We resolve this question and characterize the competition complexity as a function of ε. When [Formula: see text], the competition complexity is unbounded. That is, for any n and m there is a distribution F such that [Formula: see text]. In contrast, for any [Formula: see text], it is sufficient and necessary to have [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. Therefore, the competition complexity not only drops from unbounded to linear, it is actually linear with a very small constant. The technical core of our analysis is a lossless reduction to an infinite dimensional and nonlinear optimization problem that we solve optimally. A corollary of this reduction is a novel proof of the factor [Formula: see text] i.i.d. prophet inequality, which simultaneously establishes matching upper and lower bounds. Funding: This work was supported by ANID (Anillo ICMD) [Grant ACT210005] and the Center for Mathematical Modeling [Grant FB210005].
Study on Lecturer Characteristics to Support the Effectiveness gf Entrepreneurship Education at University
Authors: Tamam Badrud , Afriani Kusumadewi Riema , Anggraeni Putri 
Published: October 2023

The research was motivated by the understanding that entrepreneurship education can improve a nation’s competitiveness, overcome the unemployment explosion, create job opportunities, and promote the nation's economy. The focus of the research problem is how the characteristics of the lecture support the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education at Ciputra University (UC) in producing world-class entrepreneurs. This study aims to gain an overview of lecturer characteristics to help the point of entrepreneurship education at UC.
The approach used in this study is the qualitative approach. The qualitative research method used is a case study; the data collection process is done through unstructured observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation study. The determination of the sample of respondents is purposive and snowball. The respondents are the leaders of foundations, institutions/Ltd., faculty, courses, students, and alums. Research steps include: developing categories and instruments, collecting field data, processing data, describing, discussing, concluding, verifying the validity, and preparing research reports.
From the research, the researcher concluded: that there are common characteristics for the lecturers who support entrepreneurship education; The recommendations proposed are by adopting a hypothetical model of practical lecture for entrepreneurship education offered in this dissertation which is expected to be an alternative to the development of entrepreneurship education in universities.
Quality of life assessment of patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy
Authors: Belmiro Ana Amélia , Guilhem Dirce 
Published: October 2023

Background: Palliative chemotherapy uses systemic antineoplastic agents to treat an incurable malignancy. The results of cancer treatment need to be measured in terms of what physical and psychological limitations it brings to the patient. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate and establish the impact of the disease and its treatment on the patient's quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of cancer patients undergoing palliative antineoplastic chemotherapy. Method: A cross-sectional study with quali-quantitative unfolding. Three research instruments were applied: sociodemographic and clinical data; European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ–C30); interview script with predefined open questions. Results: The quality of life of the participants was considered good. Fatigue and financial difficulty were the main factors that interfered in daily activities. Three analytical categories emerged from the content analysis of the interviews: communication between the health team and the patient; patient's perception of their health/disease; concerns vs prospects. Conclusion: The evaluation of quality of life for people who are at the end of life needs to balance technological and therapeutic advances, alongside aspects such as the perspective of these patients and the context of their lives.
Shortage and unequal distribution of infectious disease specialists in Japan: How can we refine the current situation?
Authors: Hagiya Hideharu 
Published: October 2023

Background
This study aimed to assess the distribution of board-certified infectious disease (ID) specialists at medical schools and Designated Medical Institutions (DMIs) in Japan.

Methods
Data on the number of board-certified ID specialists was extracted by gender, prefecture, and hospital from the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases database. The numbers and types of Japanese university hospitals that have a Faculty of Medicine, as well as the DMIs legally determined by the Infectious Diseases Control Law, were collected from the database of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare of Japan.

Results
As of November 2022, there were 1,688 board-certified ID specialists in Japan, with 510 employed at 82 university hospitals. Two medical schools had no ID specialists, and six had only one ID specialist. There was no ID specialists in 14.3% of Class I DMIs and 66.7% of Class II DMIs. Additionally, 14.9% of prefectures had no ID specialists at all in their Class II DMIs. The percentage of female doctors among ID specialists was 12.7%, approximately half of the overall male-to-female ratio of medical doctors in Japan.

Conclusion
The allocation of Japanese ID specialists to medical schools and legally designated healthcare institutes is inadequate and skewed. Female physicians are expected to play a more active role in this increasing demand.
Understanding data collection strategies for the ethical inclusion of older adults with disabilities in transitional care research: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Kokorelias Kristina M. , Abdelhalim Reham , Saragosa Marianne , Nelson Michelle L. A. , Singh Hardeep K. , Munce Sarah E. P. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
A growing body of evidence suggests that older adults are particularly vulnerable to poor care as they transition across care environments. Thus, they require transitional care services as they transition across healthcare settings. To help make intervention research meaningful to the older adults the intervention aims to serve, many researchers aim to study their experiences, by actively involving them in research processes. However, collecting data from older adults with various forms of disability often assumes that the research methods selected are appropriate for them. This scoping review will map the evidence on research methods to collect data from older adults with disabilities within the transitional care literature.

Methods
The proposed scoping review follows the framework originally described by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Manual: (1) developing a search strategy, (2) evidence screening and selection, (3) data extraction; and (4) analysis. We will include studies identified through a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed and empirical literature reporting on research methods used to elicit the experiences of older adults with disabilities in transitional care interventions. In addition, we will search the reference lists of included studies. The findings of this review will be narratively synthesized. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews will guide the reporting of the methods and results.

Discussion
The overarching goal of this study is to develop strategies to assist the research community in increasing the inclusion of older adults with disabilities in transitional care research. The findings of this review will highlight recommendations for research to inform data collection within future intervention research for older adults with disabilities. Study findings will be disseminated via a publication and presentations.
Sustainability at University College Cork
Authors: Kirrane Maria , O’Halloran John , Poland Mark , Mehigan Pat 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. UCC has been a leading institution for sustainability in Ireland and beyond for a number of decades. The approach at UCC has been to integrate sustainability within the operations, teaching, research and engagment activities of the University. Operationally UCC implements best practice in managing water consumption and disposal. Through our Green Campus programme, students, academic and professional services staff are actively engaged in environmental management on campus. Our water conservation efforts have followed the approach taken with energy management through our Saver Saves scheme. This scheme established Green Teams within Buildings and a revolving fund mechanism whereby teams were incentivised to reduce consumption and supported to implement projects specific to their individual setting. A major exercise to baseline water consumption was undertaken a number of years ago and drawing on these findings, specific projects have been implemented to improve efficiency. This paper will explore sustainability at UCC across operations, teaching, research and engagement with a specific focus on water. Keyword: Sustainability, energy consumption, single-use plastics, university
Influence of recycling waste hardened mortar and ceramic rubbish on the properties of flowable fill material
Authors: Hasan Shatha Sadiq 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fly ash (FA) cement and water make up flowable fill material, which is also generally produced from waste and utilized in place of compacted granular fill as a cost-effective fill or backfill material. The capability to produce mixtures from various inexpensive, locally available by-products is one of the main benefits of flowable fill material. To considerably reduce costs, this study designed flowable fill mixtures utilizing cement, recycled fine aggregate (RFA; recycling waste hardened mortar and ceramic rubbish), FA, superplasticizers (SPs), and water for various uses. Initially, FA, Portland cement, fine natural aggregate, and water were combined to create a control mixture. Recycled aggregate (recycling waste hardened mortar and ceramic rubbish) was used instead of normal aggregate in various mix proportions in weights of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%. They performed well and conformed to the requirements of flowable fill material concerning flow consistency, unit weight, compressive strength, direct tensile strength, and thermal conductivity. Finally, when compared to ordinary concrete, flowable fill material can be produced with minimal mechanical criteria, such as a compressive strength of fewer than 5.71 MPa after 60 days and a unit weight between 1,993 and 1,961 kg/m3. Additionally, it was discovered that using more RFA to replace normal fine aggregate in flowable fill materials could result in a relative decrease in thermal conductivity.
Study on wall-slipping mechanism of nano-injection polymer under the constant temperature fields
Authors: Liu Donglei , Chen Riqing , Zhan Kai , Chen Zizhi , Luo Xin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and copper (Cu) were used as the polymer and substrate material to simulate the nano-injection molding process by molecular dynamics method. The results show that the PPS chain obeys Einstein’s diffusion law in the early stage of injection molding then deviates from it in the late stage due to the entanglement and limitation of surrounding nanoparticles. In addition, the process of conformational isomerization of polymer chains is accompanied by the twisting and stretching of fixed chains. There are two kinds of adhesion phenomena, one is the macromolecular slides violently in small areas of some sure nanoscale groove to form multiple anchor points. The other case involves multiple nano-grooves along the metal interface, the polymer chain slides and is bolted as multiple anchors in different grooves due to the exerted wall-drag effect on the neighboring chains. These two slipping and anchoring mechanisms are consistent with de Gennes’ slipping theory. Through the quantitative analysis of the influence of pressure on injection filling, it is found that injection pressure should be kept within a certain range to achieve the positive effect of molding.
Impact and Detection of Hydrogen in Metals
Authors: Jürgensen J. , Pohl M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe widespread use of hydrogen as an energy carrier is considered one of the most important keys to achieving the decarbonization necessary for the energy transition in numerous areas of technology and society. Not least due to the associated contact of metallic components with (pressurized) hydrogen, there is a latent risk of hydrogen-induced cracking (“hydrogen embrittlement”). The cause of damage is the hydrogen absorbed by the material, which is mobile via interstitial lattice diffusion. In high-strength steels with a tensile strength of more than 800 MPa, even very low diffusive hydrogen contents of less than 1 ppm (parts per million) can have a crack-inducing effect. Hence, dedicated, highly accurate analytical and testing methods are required for the detection of hydrogen and its effect on the mechanical properties of metals. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding hydrogen embrittlement and reviews the analytical, mechanical, and fractographic investigation methods for detecting hydrogen in metals.
Social determinants of health in patients with arthritis: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Webb Jason , Emmert Ryan , Reddy Arjun , Sajjadi Nicholas B. , Greiner Ben , Bray Natasha , Hartwell Micah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Context
Social determinants of health (SDOH) are economic, social, and political conditions that affect a person's overall health or the health of a group of people. Researchers have investigated the effects of SDOH on various diseases, such as asthma, obesity, and chronic stress, but few publications have been made regarding its effects on arthritis.

Objectives
Our primary objective was to analyze the implications of SDOH on disease severity relating to pain levels and limitations experienced among people with diagnosed arthritis.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). We included individuals who reported having arthritis, were over the age of 45, and who also completed the SDOH module. Pain scores from the four-question Arthritis Burden Module were correlated to question responses pertaining to SDOH to determine their associations.

Results
For the analysis, our sample size was 25,682, with response rates varying slightly among the SDOH questions. Individuals diagnosed with arthritis were more likely to report functional limitations if they experienced food insecurity (χ2=234.0, p<0.001), financial instability (χ2=149.7, p<0.001), or frequent stress (χ2=297.6, p<0.001). Further, we found that individuals with arthritis experiencing any domain of SDOH reported higher mean pain scores than those not experiencing that domain, with the highest pain score difference among those reporting frequent stress (Coefficient: 1.93, CI=1.74–2.13, t=19.43, p<0.001).

Conclusions
Our results show that SDOH profoundly impact pain levels and limitations experienced by patients with arthritis. Although work has already begun to help alleviate burdens associated with SDOH, more research and actions are required to create equitable health throughout the population.
„Wir haben keinen Fall“
Authors: Negnal Dörte , Thiele Robert 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Mit unserem empirischen Beispiel aus der sogenannten Deradikalisierungsarbeit und Extremismusprävention bieten wir einen weiteren Anwendungsfall für eine trans-sequentielle Analyse. Das formative Objekt ist das Nicht-Eintreten eines sicherheitsbehördlichen Falls. Anhand von Auszügen aus Feldnotizen zeigen wir, dass sich die Logik des Objektes-im-Werden, an dem hier gearbeitet wird, auch auf das Nicht-Eintreten übertragen lässt. Ein solches formatives Objekt löst sich von Schriftlichkeit. Wir verfolgen das vor allem mündlich hergestellte, offen und vorläufig bleibende Objekt und fragen dann nach einer Anpassung des analytischen Vorgehens. Eine anschlussfähige Option bietet eine situationsanalytische Perspektive.
Trans-sequenzierend codieren
Authors: Scheffer Thomas , Trischler Ronja 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Angesichts der Schlüsselrolle des Codierens in den qualitativen Methoden behandeln wir in unserem Beitrag die grundlegende Frage, was eigentlich zu codieren sei? Welche Einheiten erhalten einen Code und was bringen wir damit auf einen Begriff? Wir rekapitulieren diese Fragen ethnomethodologisch und explizieren ein Codierverfahren, das von der sequentiellen Ordnung sozialer Praxis ausgeht und das Codieren zugunsten weiterer Formationen ausdehnt. Beim trans-sequenzierenden Codieren wird ein Vollzug jeweils sequenzanalytisch nachvollzogen. Das Tun wird – Aktivität für Aktivität – so codiert, dass seine regelmäßige Hervorbringung hervortritt. Das Vorgehen bleibt in dieser Weise sozialtheoretisch fundiert: Eine Aktivität erwächst Zug-um-Zug; eine Praxis setzt sich aus einer Anordnung von Aktivitäten zusammen. Wir führen systematisch in diese mindestens doppelte Bewegung ein, indem wir zentrale sozialtheoretische Voraussetzungen und Schritte im Codierverfahren benennen und das Vorgehen anhand der Ankündigung und der Eröffnung einer Klimakonferenz der Vereinten Nationen (COP27) demonstrieren.
Design, characterization, and evaluation of novel mucoadhesive nasal inserts for the treatment of hypertension
Authors: Agni Shashank , Jose Jobin , Ugare Sanjay R. , Kumar Lalit , Khot Kartik Bhairu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nasal inserts are novel solid, bio-adhesive dosage forms that various methods can prepare. Nasal inserts work on the principle of nasal fluid absorption from the nasal mucosa on administration into the nasal cavity, where it forms gel, avoiding foreign body sensation. They are administered via the nasal route and help to accomplish delayed systemic drug delivery. This investigation aimed to develop lyophilized nasal inserts of diltiazem hydrochloride for the treatment of hypertension using various concentrations of xanthan gum and guar gum. The drug content, surface pH, hydrophilicity studies, water uptake studies, mucoadhesive studies, in vitro drug release studies, and ex vivo permeation studies of the drug-loaded inserts were carried out. It was further characterized and evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction studies, histological investigation and stability studies. Lyophilized nasal inserts have advantages over other formulations due to their high-water uptake and mucoadhesion properties. The optimized formulation showed no significant changes in the treated nasal mucosa of the goat, and the stability of the formulation was confirmed by stability studies. The nasal insert containing xanthan gum and guar gum (1:3) is the optimized one because of its high drug content and better drug release when compared to other formulations. In conclusion, the novel nasal inserts of diltiazem hydrochloride could be a better alternative for treating hypertension.