bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcutaneous Immunotherapy for RNAi: A Cascade‐Responsive Decomposable Nanocomplex Based on Polyphenol‐Mediated Framework Nucleic Acid in Psoriasis
Authors: Zhang Mei , Qin Xin , Gao Yang , Liang Jiale , Xiao Dexuan , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhou Mi , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSkin is the first barrier against external threats, and skin immune dysfunction leads to multiple diseases. Psoriasis is an inflammatory, chronic, common, immune‐related skin disease that affects more than 125 million people worldwide. RNA interference (RNAi) therapy is superior to traditional therapies, but rapid degradation and poor cell uptake are the greatest obstacles to its clinical transformation. The transdermal delivery of siRNA and controllable assembly/disassembly of nanodrug delivery systems can maximize the therapeutic effect. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) is undoubtedly the best carrier for the transdermal transport of genes due to its excellent noninvasive transdermal effect and editability. The authors combine acid‐responsive tannic acid (TA), RNase H‐responsive sequences, siRNA, and tFNA into a novel transdermal RNAi drug with controllable assembly and disassembly: STT. STT has heightened resistance to enzyme, serum, and lysosomal degradation, and its size is similar to that of tFNA, enabling easy transdermal transport. After transdermal administration, STT can specifically silence nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) p65, thereby maintaining the stability of the skin's microenvironment and reshaping normal skin immune defense. This work demonstrates the advantages of STT in RNAi therapy and the potential for future treatment of skin‐related diseases.
Correlation between Electronic Structure, Microstructure, and Switching Mode in Valence Change Mechanism Al2O3/TiOx‐Based Memristive Devices
Authors: Aussen Stephan , Cüppers Felix , Funck Carsten , Jo Janghyun , Werner Stephan , Pratsch Christoph , Menzel Stephan , Dittmann Regina , Dunin‐Borkowski Rafal , Waser Rainer , Hoffmann‐Eifert Susanne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMemristive devices with valence change mechanism (VCM) show promise for neuromorphic data processing, although emulation of synaptic behavior with analog weight updates remains a challenge. Standard filamentary and area‐dependent resistive switching exhibit characteristic differences in the transition from the high to low resistance state, which is either abrupt with inherently high variability or gradual and allows quasi‐analog operation. In this study, the two switching modes are clearly correlated to differences in the microstructure and electronic structure for Pt/Al2O3/TiOx/Cr/Pt devices made from amorphous layers of 1.2 nm Al2O3 and 7 nm TiOx by atomic layer deposition. For the filamentary mode, operando spectromicroscopy experiments identify a localized region of ≈50 nm in diameter of reduced titania surrounded by crystalline rutile‐like TiO2, highlighting the importance of Joule heating for this mode. In contrast, both oxide layers remain in their amorphous state for the interfacial mode, which proves that device temperature during switching stays below 670 K, which is the TiO2 crystallization temperature. The analysis of the electronic conduction behavior confirms that the interfacial switching occurs by modulating the effective tunnel barrier width due to accumulation and depletion of oxygen vacancies at the Al2O3/TiOx interface. The results are transferable to other bilayer stacks.
Entropy Confinement Promotes Hydrogenolysis Activity for Polyethylene Upcycling
Authors: Kang Qingyun , Chu Mingyu , Xu Panpan , Wang Xuchun , Wang Shiqi , Cao Muhan , Ivasenko Oleksandr , Sham Tsun‐Kong , Zhang Qiao , Sun Qiming , Chen Jinxing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChemical upcycling that catalyzes waste plastics back to high‐purity chemicals holds great promise in end‐of‐life plastics valorization. One of the main challenges in this process is the thermodynamic limitations imposed by the high intrinsic entropy of polymer chains, which makes their adsorption on catalysts unfavorable and the transition state unstable. Here, we overcome this challenge by inducing the catalytic reaction inside mesoporous channels, which possess a strong confined ability to polymer chains, allowing for stabilization of the transition state. This approach involves the synthesis of p‐Ru/SBA catalysts, in which Ru nanoparticles are uniformly distributed within the channels of an SBA‐15 support, using a precise impregnation method. The unique design of the p‐Ru/SBA catalyst has demonstrated significant improvements in catalytic performance for the conversion of polyethylene into high‐value liquid fuels, particularly diesel. The catalyst achieved a high solid conversion rate of 1106 g ⋅ gRu−1 ⋅ h−1 at 230 °C. Comparatively, this catalytic activity is 4.9 times higher than that of a control catalyst, Ru/SiO2, and 14.0 times higher than that of a commercial catalyst, Ru/C, at 240 °C. This remarkable catalytic activity opens up immense opportunities for the chemical upcycling of waste plastics.
Water Activation Triggered by Cu−Co Double‐Atom Catalyst for Silane Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Liping , Li Teng , Dai Xingchao , Zhao Jian , Liu Ce , He Dongcheng , Zhao Kang , Zhao Peiqing , Cui Xinjiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance catalysts sufficient to significantly reduce the energy barrier of water activation are crucial in facilitating reactions that are restricted by water dissociation. Herein we present a Cu−Co double‐atom catalyst (CuCo‐DAC), which possesses a uniform and well‐defined CuCoN6(OH) structure, and works together to promote water activation in silane oxidation. The catalyst achieves superior catalytic performance far exceeding that of single‐atom catalysts (SACs). Various functional silanes are converted into silanols with up to 98 % yield and 99 % selectivity. Kinetic studies show that the activation energy of silane oxidation by CuCo‐DAC is significantly lower than that of Cu single‐atom catalyst (Cu‐SAC) and Co single‐atom catalyst (Co‐SAC). Theoretical calculations demonstrate two different reaction pathways where water splitting is the rate‐determining step and it is accelerated by CuCo‐DAC, whereas H2 formation is key for its single‐atom counterpart.
Photo‐Induced Self‐assembly of Copolymer‐Capped Nanoparticles into Colloidal Molecules
Authors: Wu Yue , Yang Yanqiong , Zhang Yan , Dai Liwei , Dong Wenhao , He Huibin , Li Hao , Nie Zhihong , Sang Yutao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractColloidal molecules (CMs) are precisely defined assemblies of nanoparticles (NPs) that mimic the structure of real molecules, but externally programming the precise self‐assembly of CMs is still challenging. In this work, we show that the photo‐induced self‐assembly of complementary copolymer‐capped binary NPs can be precisely controlled to form clustered ABx or linear (AB)y CMs at high yield (x is the coordination number of NP‐Bs, and y is the repeating unit number of AB clusters). Under UV light irradiation, photolabile p‐methoxyphenacyl groups of copolymers on NP‐A*s are converted to carboxyl groups (NP‐A), which react with tertiary amines of copolymers on NP‐B to trigger the directional NP bonding. The x value of ABx can be precisely controlled between 1 and 3 by varying the irradiation duration and hence the amount of carboxyl groups generated on NP‐As. Moreover, when NP‐A* and NP‐B are irradiated after mixing, the assembly process generates AB clusters or linear (AB)y structures with alternating sequence of the binary NPs. This assembly approach offers a simple yet non‐invasive way to externally regulate the formation of various CMs on demand without the need of redesigning the surface chemistry of NPs for use in drug delivery, diagnostics, optoelectronics, and plasmonic devices.
A pipeline for the rapid collection of color data from photographs
Authors: Luong Yvonne , Gasca‐Herrera Ariel , Misiewicz Tracy M. , Carter Benjamin E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPremiseThere are relatively few studies of flower color at landscape scales that can address the relative importance of competing mechanisms (e.g., biotic: pollinators; abiotic: ultraviolet radiation, drought stress) at landscape scales.MethodsWe developed an R shiny pipeline to sample color from images that were automatically downloaded using query results from a search using iNaturalist or the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). The pipeline was used to sample ca. 4800 North American wallflower (Erysimum, Brassicaceae) images from iNaturalist. We tested whether flower color was distributed non‐randomly across the landscape and whether spatial patterns were correlated with climate. We also used images including ColorCheckers to compare analyses of raw images to color‐calibrated images.ResultsFlower color was strongly non‐randomly distributed spatially, but did not correlate strongly with climate, with most of the variation explained instead by spatial autocorrelation. However, finer‐scale patterns including local correlations between elevation and color were observed. Analyses using color‐calibrated and raw images revealed similar results.DiscussionThis pipeline provides users the ability to rapidly capture color data from iNaturalist images and can be a useful tool in detecting spatial or temporal changes in color using citizen science data.
Co‐occurrence patterns of endangered Sakhalin taimen and introduced rainbow trout in Hokkaido, Japan, inferred by environmental DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Kanbe Takashi , Mizumoto Hiroki , Mitsuzuka Takashi , Nakajima Nobuyoshi , Araki Hitoshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The distribution of endangered aquatic organisms is difficult to estimate, and so is species interaction in aquatic environments. In this study, an environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding assay was developed to identify Salmoninae species and the co‐occurrence of two salmonid species: Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi, a critically endangered salmonid species) and invasive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Hokkaido, the second‐largest main island of Japan.
The newly developed eDNA metabarcoding assay was successful in identifying 16 different Salmoninae species in an aquarium test and to provide a semi‐quantitative measure of eDNA concentration.
The eDNA metabarcoding was then applied to 319 eDNA samples from 278 river systems in Hokkaido. The eDNA from Sakhalin taimen was identified in 17 river systems, of which nine also hosted rainbow trout according to the eDNA detections, suggesting a significantly disproportionate overlap of their distributions with Sakhalin taimen (P = 0.029). In addition, both species showed low eDNA concentrations (as a proxy of biomass) where they co‐occur, presumably reflecting negative interactions between them.
This study provides strong evidence that Sakhalin taimen is indeed endangered in Hokkaido. Rainbow trout have been widespread since their introduction to Hokkaido decades ago, and they are expected to spawn shortly after the spawning season of Sakhalin taimen. Therefore, the significant overlap of their distributions further increases the risk of extinction. The results encourage conservation efforts to limit the expansion of rainbow trout into rivers that currently support Sakhalin taimen.
Synthesis and neuroprotective activity of 3‐aryl‐3‐azetidinyl acetic acid methyl ester derivatives
Authors: Šachlevičiūtė Urtė , Gonzalez Gabriel , Kvasnicová Marie , Štěpánková Šárka , Kleizienė Neringa , Bieliauskas Aurimas , Zatloukal Marek , Strnad Miroslav , Sløk Frank A. , Kvasnica Miroslav , Šačkus Algirdas , Žukauskaitė Asta 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA library of 3‐aryl‐3‐azetidinyl acetic acid methyl ester derivatives was prepared from N‐Boc‐3‐azetidinone employing the Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons reaction, rhodium(I)‐catalyzed conjugate addition of arylboronic acids, and subsequent elaborations to obtain N‐unprotected hydrochlorides, N‐alkylated and N‐acylated azetidine derivatives. The compounds were evaluated for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity, revealing several derivatives to possess AChE inhibition comparable to that of the AChE inhibitor rivastigmine. The binding mode of the AChE inhibitor donepezil and selected active compounds 26 and 27 within the active site of AChE was studied using molecular docking. Furthermore, the neuroprotective activity of the prepared compounds was evaluated in models associated with Parkinson's disease (salsolinol‐induced) and aspects of Alzheimer's disease (glutamate‐induced oxidative damage). Compound 28 showed the highest neuroprotective effect in both salsolinol‐ and glutamate‐induced neurodegeneration models, and its protective effect in the glutamate model was revealed to be driven by a reduction in oxidative stress and caspase‐3/7 activity.
Über die gemeinsame Oxydation von Hydrochinon und Sulfit durch Luftsauerstoff
Authors: Pinnow Joh. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEs wird gezeigt:
daß selbst geringe Mengen Hydrochinondisulfonat einen stark wirkenden, antikatalytischen Schutz auf Sulfitlösungen gegen die Oxydation durch Luftsauerstoff ausüben, und daß die Schutzwirkungen von Disulfonat und Glyzerin einander verstärken;
daß Kupferionen auch die gemeinsame Oxydation von Sulfit und Hydrochinon beschleunigen und das Oxydationsverhältnis zuungunsten des letzteren verschieben;
daß Disulfonat wohl die durch Kupferionen bewirkte Beschleunigung der Oxydation von Sulfit‐ und von Sulfit‐Hydrochinonlösungen durch Luftsauerstoff wieder zurückdrängt, nicht aber das Oxydationsverhältnis in den letzteren verändert;
daß nicht nur die Oxydationsgeschwindigkeit, sondern auch das Oxydationsverhältnis der Sulfit‐Hydrochinonlösungen von der Hydroxylionenkonzentration abhängig ist und dieses auch im Verlaufe der Oxydation mit der Abnahme der Hydrochinonkonzentration und dem Auftreten der Monosulfosäure sich in mäßigem Grade verschiebt;
daß die gerühmte Wirkung gealterter Sulfit‐Hydrochinonlösungen nicht auf Sulfitspeicherung in einer Kornplexverbindung, sondern auf der Bildung von Hydrochinonmonosulfosäure beruht.
Es wird das neue experimentelle Material zur Deutung des Oxydationsverlaufes von Sulfit‐Hydrochinonlösungen herangezogen.
SETting up the genome: KMT2D and KDM6A genomic function in the Kabuki syndrome craniofacial developmental disorder
Authors: Shpargel Karl B. , Quickstad Gabrielle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundKabuki syndrome is a congenital developmental disorder that is characterized by distinctive facial gestalt and skeletal abnormalities. Although rare, the disorder shares clinical features with several related craniofacial syndromes that manifest from mutations in chromatin‐modifying enzymes. Collectively, these clinical studies underscore the crucial, concerted functions of chromatin factors in shaping developmental genome structure and driving cellular transcriptional states. Kabuki syndrome predominantly results from mutations in KMT2D, a histone H3 lysine 4 methylase, or KDM6A, a histone H3 lysine 27 demethylase.AimsIn this review, we summarize the research efforts to model Kabuki syndrome in vivo to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to the craniofacial and skeletal pathogenesis that defines the disorder.DiscussionAs several studies have indicated the importance of KMT2D and KDM6A function through catalytic‐independent mechanisms, we highlight noncanonical roles for these enzymes as recruitment centers for alternative chromatin and transcriptional machinery.
A biotechnological approach for the production of new protein bioplastics
Authors: De Marchis Francesca , Vanzolini Tania , Maricchiolo Elisa , Bellucci Michele , Menotta Michele , Di Mambro Tomas , Aluigi Annalisa , Zattoni Andrea , Roda Barbara , Marassi Valentina , Crinelli Rita , Pompa Andrea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe future of biomaterial production will leverage biotechnology based on the domestication of cells as biological factories. Plants, algae, and bacteria can produce low‐environmental impact biopolymers. Here, two strategies were developed to produce a biopolymer derived from a bioengineered vacuolar storage protein of the common bean (phaseolin; PHSL). The cys‐added PHSL* forms linear‐structured biopolymers when expressed in the thylakoids of transplastomic tobacco leaves by exploiting the formation of inter‐chain disulfide bridges. The same protein without signal peptide (ΔPHSL*) accumulates in Escherichia coli inclusion bodies as high‐molar‐mass species polymers that can subsequently be oxidized to form disulfide crosslinking bridges in order to increase the stiffness of the biomaterial, a valid alternative to the use of chemical crosslinkers. The E. coli cells produced 300 times more engineered PHSL, measured as percentage of total soluble proteins, than transplastomic tobacco plants. Moreover, the thiol groups of cysteine allow the site‐specific PEGylation of ΔPHSL*, which is a desirable functionality in the design of a protein‐based drug carrier. In conclusion, ΔPHSL* expressed in E. coli has the potential to become an innovative biopolymer.
Early developmental support for preterm infants based on exploratory behaviors: A parallel randomized controlled study
Authors: Altunalan Turgay , Sarı Zübeyir , Doğan Tuba Derya , Hacıfazlıoğlu Nilüfer Eldeş , Akman İpek , Altıntaş Tuğba , Uzer Sevil , Akçakaya Nihan Hande 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPreterm infants are at high risk for developmental disabilities, and their parents are at increased risk for high stress. Early intervention programs are applied to reduce these adverse outcomes. The primary aim is to compare the efficacy of the novel Explorer Baby early intervention program for the holistic development of preterm infants. The second objective was to compare the stress levels of their mothers.MethodsRandomized clinical trial with 38 weeks–6 months corrected age preterm infants at low risk for cerebral palsy, randomly assigned to experimental (Explorer Baby) or active control neurodevelopmental therapy (NDT) groups. Fifty‐seven infants were enrolled in the study, and 51 (26 Explorer Baby, 25 NDT) completed it. Bayley III was used as a primary outcome before, during, and after the intervention.ResultsWhen we compared the changes between the groups before and after therapy, no significant differences were found in any of the primary or secondary outcomes (between‐group comparisons). When comparing the changes in both groups before and after therapy (in‐group comparison), the Explorer Baby group demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive (Hedges’ g = .83) and explorative language skills (Hedges’ g = .65), whereas the NDT group showed improved parent–child dysfunctional interaction (Hedges’ g = 2.66) between T0–T1 and T0–T2.ConclusionsThe Explorer Baby early intervention program may be a preferred option to support premature infants without brain injury, as it shows greater skill acquisition than NDT, although not statistically significant. Both methods are safe as they support premature babies without negatively affecting mothers’ overall stress levels.
Open Access Publishing Models and How OA Can Work in the Humanities
Authors: Eve Martin Paul 
Published: October 2023

EDITOR'S SUMMARYOpen access (OA) has been shaping and benefitting the scientific community for years now, but this new wave of disseminating research freely has not quite taken hold in the field of humanities. Though humanities publishers could also benefit from an OA model, many have been resistant, citing possible issues with plagiarism or appropriation of an author's work for less than ideal uses. There are also challenges with the cost of publishing OA content, which for humanities could be much higher than in the scientific community due to the length of works produced. Some institutions have taken to charging authors to publish their content in an OA model, while others have opted for a membership structure or joining a consortium of other institutions, such as Knowledge Unlatched or the Open Library of Humanities. While many great strides have been taken to bring OA to humanities, there is still work to do to make the study of humanity accessible to all.
N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives: Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluations, and Theoretical Insights
Authors: Rinaldi Tosi Martín E. , Palermo Valeria , Giannini Fernando A. , Fernández Baldo Martín A. , Díaz Jorge R. A. , Lima Beatriz , Feresin Gabriela E. , Romanelli Gustavo P. , Baldoni Héctor A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicrobial contamination remains a significant economic challenge in the food industry, emphasizing the need for innovative antimicrobial solutions. In this study, we synthesized N‐sulfonyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines (NSTHIQ) derivatives using an environmentally friendly Preyssler heteropolyacid catalyst, obtaining moderate to high yields (35–91 %) under mild conditions. Two derivatives (5 and 6) exhibited significant antifungal properties against various fungal species, including Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp, and Botrytis cinerea. ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) analysis revealed the absence of hepatic toxicity in all compounds, making derivatives 2, 3, 4, and 5 potential candidates for further development. However, derivatives 6 and 7 exhibited immunotoxicity. In support of our experimental findings, reactivity indices were computed using Density Functional Theory principles, deriving valuable insights into the chemical properties of these derivatives. This study underscores the potential of NSTHIQ compounds as potent antifungal agents, coupled with the importance of employing environmentally friendly catalysts in drug discovery.
Probing the Visible Light‐Driven Geometrical Isomerization of 4‐Arylbut‐3‐ene‐2‐amines
Authors: Schoch Timothy , Wyneken Hannah , Despain Megan , Weaver Jimmie D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA series of thirteen 4‐arylbut‐3‐ene‐2‐amines were prepared and subjected to photosensitization experiments to interrogate their photostationary state (PS) composition of geometrical olefin isomers (E and Z). The amine PS compositions were found to depend on arene structure and temperature, while being largely independent of nitrogen substitution, solvent, or presence of triplet‐quenching oxygen. Photonic efficiency of isomerization (ζp) was found to depend on amine structure, solvent choice, and presence of quencher. With the proper choice of conditions, ζp was able to closely approach the theoretical maximum value of 0.5.
Annulation of a Methylenecyclopropane with Cyanoalkenes Catalyzed by Lewis Bases
Authors: Suzuki Itaru , Kasahara Nozomi , Ogura Kazuki , Shibata Ikuya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe annulation of a methylenecyclopropane with acyl cyanoalkenes by using DABCO or quinuclidine as a catalyst to give 2,3‐dihydofurans has been developed. A stoichiometric amount of the Lewis bases promoted the isomerization of 2,3‐dihydrofurans to furans. 1H NMR spectra of the reaction in situ revealed that the methylenecyclopropane is opened by the Lewis base to form a reaction intermediate that is added to the cyanoalkenes.