bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of the new nomenclature of steatotic liver disease and definition of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Loomba Rohit , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun 
Published: December 2023

SummaryBackgroundThe American and European liver associations have endorsed new nomenclature of steatotic liver disease (SLD) and definition of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).AimsTo review the historical development leading to the changes and to discuss the implications of the changes on research and clinical practiceMethodsWe performed a literature search using keywords related to MASLD and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).ResultsThe SLD umbrella allows classification of patients under the key categories of MASLD, alcohol‐associated liver disease and a new entity termed MetALD, which represents MASLD with increased alcohol intake. The diagnosis of MASLD requires the demonstration of hepatic steatosis and at least one metabolic risk factor, whereas MASLD can co‐exist with other liver diseases such as chronic viral hepatitis. Despite the change in definition, over 95% of patients previously known as having NAFLD fulfil diagnostic criteria for MASLD. It is conceivable that future clinical trials and biomarker studies will continue to exclude concomitant liver diseases. As most patients with MASLD are seen at primary care and non‐hepatology settings, communication with other stakeholders is essential to ensure disease awareness and smooth adoption of the changes.ConclusionsThe new nomenclature is both a challenge, given the need for dissemination and education across the spectrum of stakeholders, and an opportunity to bring everyone together and spark new research to better understand epidemiology, natural history, diagnosis, biomarkers and management strategies across the spectrum of SLD.
Contact allergy in atopic dermatitis: A prospective study on prevalence, incriminated allergens and clinical insights
Authors: Trimeche Khaoula , Lahouel Ines , Belhadjali Hichem , Salah Nesrine Ben , Youssef Monia , Zili Jameleddine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a matter of debate.ObjectivesThe purpose of our study is to assess the frequency of ACD in patients with AD, the incriminated allergens and the potential risk factors.MethodsThis is a prospective study, including cases of AD diagnosed based on Hanifin and Rajka's criteria. All patients were patch tested to the European baseline series and corticosteroid series.ResultsNinety‐three patients were included. Fifty‐six patients (60.2%) had positive patch test results of which 71.4% were relevant. The most frequent allergens were: textile dye mix (24.7%), nickel (20.4%), cobalt (12.9%), isothiazolinone (8.6%), quanterium 15 (4.3%) and balsam of Peru (4.3%). Chromium, fragrance mix I, fragrance mix II and PTBP were positive in three cases (3.2%). Two cases of allergy to corticoids were identified. Facial involvement and duration of AD were significantly associated with contact sensitization (p = 0.04 and p = 0.005, respectively). Avoidance of relevant allergens resulted in a statistically significant decrease in SCORAD (p < 0.001).ConclusionsACD remains an important co‐morbidity of AD. We observed a high frequency of ACD to textile dyes, isothiazolinones and fragrances. Avoidance of relevant allergens has resulted in an improvement of patients' skin symptoms.
The MiniMed 780G automated insulin delivery system adapts to substantial changes in daily routine: Lessons from real world users during Ramadan
Authors: Al‐Sofiani Mohammed E. , Petrovski Goran , Al Shaikh Abdulrahman , Alguwaihes Abdullah , Al Harbi Mohammad , Al Mohannadi Dabia , Adjene Alero , Alagha Abdulmoeen , Al Remeithi Sareea , Alamuddin Naji , Arrieta Arcelia , Castañeda Javier , Chaar Wael , van den Heuvel Tim , Cohen Ohad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo report on the effectiveness and safety of the MiniMed 780G automated insulin delivery system in real‐world users during the month of Ramadan.Materials and MethodsCareLink Personal data were extracted from MiniMed 780G system users from the Gulf region. Users were included if they had ≥10 days of sensor glucose data during the month of Ramadan 2022 as well as in the month before and after. For the main analysis, continuous glucose monitoring endpoints were aggregated per month and were reported by time of day (daytime: 05.31‐18.00 h, and night‐time). Additional analyses were performed to study the pace at which the algorithm adapts.ResultsGlycaemic control was well kept in the 449 included users (mean sensor glucose = 152.6 ± 18.7 mg/dl, glucose management indicator = 7.0 ± 0.4%, time in range = 70.7 ± 11.0%, time below 70 mg/dl = 2.3 ± 2.3%). Albeit some metrics differed from the month before (p < .0001 for all), absolute differences were very small and considered clinically irrelevant. During Ramadan, there was no increased risk of hypoglycaemia during daytime (time below 70 mg/dl = 2.3 ± 2.4%), time in range was highest during daytime (80.0 ± 10.7%, night: 60.4 ± 15.3%), while time above 180 mg/dl was highest during night‐time (37.3 ± 16.3%, day: 17.7 ± 10.7%). The algorithm adapted immediately upon lifestyle change.ConclusionThe MiniMed 780G automated insulin delivery system is effective, safe and fast in adapting to the substantial changes that occur in the lifestyle of people with type 1 diabetes during Ramadan.
The vulnerability of World Heritage seagrass habitats to climate change
Authors: Losciale Riccardo , Day Jon C. , Rasheed Michael A. , Heron Scott F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSeagrass is an important natural attribute of 28 World Heritage (WH) properties. These WH seagrass habitats provide a wide range of services to adjacent ecosystems and human communities, and are one of the largest natural carbon sinks on the planet. Climate change is considered the greatest and fastest‐growing threat to natural WH properties and evidence of climate‐related impacts on seagrass habitats has been growing. The main objective of this study was to assess the vulnerability of WH seagrass habitats to location‐specific key climate stressors. Quantitative surveys of seagrass experts and site managers were used to assess exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity of WH seagrass habitats to climate stressors, following the Climate Vulnerability Index approach. Over half of WH seagrass habitats have high vulnerability to climate change, mainly from the long‐term increase in sea‐surface temperature and short‐term marine heatwaves. Potential impacts from climate change and certainty scores associated with them were higher than reported by a similar survey‐based study from 10 years prior, indicating a shift in stakeholder perspectives during the past decade. Additionally, seagrass experts' opinions on the cumulative impacts of climate and direct‐anthropogenic stressors revealed that high temperature in combination with high suspended sediments, eutrophication and hypoxia is likely to provoke a synergistic cumulative (negative) impact (p < .05). A key component contributing to the high vulnerability assessments was the low adaptive capacity; however, discrepancies between adaptive capacity scores and qualitative responses suggest that managers of WH seagrass habitats might not be adequately equipped to respond to climate change impacts. This thematic assessment provides valuable information to help prioritize conservation actions, monitoring activities and research in WH seagrass habitats. It also demonstrates the utility of a systematic framework to evaluate the vulnerability of thematic groups of protected areas that share a specific attribute.
Hepatic arterial infusion therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after systemic treatment failure: Multicenter, real‐world study
Authors: Yi Jun‐Zhe , Zhu Zhi‐Jian , Liu Gong‐Wei , Zhang Yi‐Min , Xu Jie , Wu Xin‐Tong , Ding Ke , Liu Jian‐Chao , Zhang Ke‐Fei , Jiang Xiong‐Ying , Chen Qi‐Feng , Hu Yue , Chen Song , Zhong Sui‐Xing , Wang Jiong‐Liang , Lyu Ning , Zhao Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility and safety profile of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5‐fluorouracil, and leucovorin (HAIC‐FOLFOX) as an alternative therapeutic choice for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that is refractory to systemic treatment including immune checkpoint blockades or molecular targeting agents.MethodsTwo hundred and forty five consecutive patients with advanced HCC who received HAIC‐FOLFOX treatment after systemic treatment failure were retrospectively reviewed in six institutions and their survival, tumor response, and tolerance were assessed.ResultsThe median overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival of the 209 included participants were 10.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.1–12.9) and 6.0 months (95% CI, 5.1–6.9), respectively. According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria, the objective response rate was 21.1%, and the disease control rate was 64.6%. Multivariate analysis of risk factors of OS were albumin–bilirubin grade (2 and 3 vs. 1, hazard ratio [HR] 1.57; 95% CI, 1.05–2.34; p = 0.028), tumor number (>3 vs. 1–3, HR 2.18; 95% CI, 1.10–4.34; p = 0.026), extrahepatic spread (present vs. absent, HR 1.61, 95% CI, 1.06–2.45; p = 0.027), synchronous systemic treatment (present vs. absent, HR 0.55, 95% CI, 0.37–0.83; p = 0.004) and treatment response (responder vs. nonresponder, HR 0.30, 95% CI, 0.17–0.53; p < 0.001). Grade 3–4 adverse events (AEs) occurred in 59 (28.2%) HCC patients. All AEs were manageable, and deaths related to hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy treatment were not observed.ConclusionsOur findings support the effectiveness and safety of HAIC‐FOLFOX treatment for patients with advanced HCC who have failed systemic treatment.
New advances for quantum‐inspired optimization
Authors: Du Yu , Wang Haibo , Hennig Rick , Hulandageri Amit , Kochenberger Gary , Glover Fred 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdvances in quantum computing with applications in combinatorial optimization have evolved at an increasing rate in recent years. The quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) model is at the center of these developments and has become recognized as an effective alternative method for representing a wide variety of combinatorial optimization problems. Additional momentum has resulted from the arrival of quantum computers and their ability to solve the Ising spin glass problem, another form of the QUBO model. This paper highlights advances in solving QUBO models and extensions to more general polynomial unconstrained binary optimization (PUBO) models as important alternatives to traditional approaches. Computational experience is provided that compares the performance of unique quantum‐inspired metaheuristic solvers—the Next Generation Quantum (NGQ) solver for QUBO models and the NGQ‐PUBO solver for PUBO models—with the performance of CPLEX and the Dwave quantum advantage solver. Extensive results, including experiments with a set of large set partitioning problems representing the largest QUBO models reported in the literature to date, along with maximum diversity and max cut problem sets, disclose that our solvers outperform both CPLEX and Dwave by a wide margin in terms of both computational time and solution quality.
An extended ε$\varepsilon $‐constraint method for a bi‐objective assortment optimization problem
Authors: Eskandari Amin , Ziarati Koorush , Nikseresht Alireza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe paper deals with assortment optimization when customers purchase products using a nonparametric choice model. Each customer is presented with a preference list and will buy an available highest‐ranked offered product on the preference list. The paper presents a novel bi‐objective integer programming model for assortment optimization following a ranking‐based consumer choice model. The objectives are maximizing the expected revenue and maximizing customer satisfaction. This problem is recognized as an NP‐hard problem. After developing the bi‐objective model, an improved version of the augmented ‐constraint method is proposed to solve the problem and retrieve the Pareto‐optimal solutions. In each iteration, this algorithm solves a single‐objective linear integer programming sub‐problem. Our approach aims to obtain a complete set of Pareto‐optimal solutions. Finally, we present computational experiments on synthetic data. Several numerical illustrations are provided at the end to demonstrate the application of the proposed methodology. The computational results provide the decision‐makers with valuable information regarding the factors that mainly affect the solutions.
Analysis of the Screw Accuracy and Postoperative Efficacy of Screw Placement in Single Position and Bipedal Position in Robot‐Assisted Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Preliminary Results of Mazor X Stealth Usage
Authors: Zhao Wenhao , Wang Yan , Zhang Hao , Guo Jianwei , Han Jialuo , Lin Antao , Zhou Chuanli , Ma Xuexiao 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTraditional manual OLIF combined with pedicle screw implantation has many problems of manual percutaneous screw implantation, such as high difficulty of screw placement, many fluoroscopies, long operation time, and many adjustments, resulting in greater trauma. The robot can perform various types of screw placement in the lateral recumbent position, which allows OLIF combined with posterior screw placement surgery to be completed in a single position. To compare the screw accuracy and initial postoperative results of oblique anterior lumbar fusion with robot‐assisted screw placement in the lateral position and screw placement in the prone position for the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis.MethodsFrom May to June 2022, 45 patients with single‐segment lumbar spondylolisthesis underwent Mazor X‐assisted oblique lumbar fusion in one position and Renaissance‐assisted surgery in two different positions, and screw accuracy was assessed on computed tomography scans according to a modified Gertzbein–Robbins classification. Patients were divided into a single position group and a bipedal position group (the lateral position for complete oblique lumbar fusion and then changed to the prone position for posterior screw placement), and the perioperative parameters, including operative time, number of fluoroscopies, and operative complications, were recorded separately. The results of the clinical indicators, such as the visual analog scale (VAS) for back and leg pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, were obtained.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the patients' demographic data between the two groups. The single position group had a shorter operative time and fewer fluoroscopies than the bipedal position group; the single position group had a higher percentage of screw accuracy at the A level than the bipedal position group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at the acceptable level (A + B) (p > 0.05). The single‐position group had better outcomes at the 1‐week postoperative follow‐up back pain VAS scores (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the postoperative leg pain VAS scores or the ODI scores when compared to the control group.ConclusionRobot‐assisted lateral position oblique lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screw placement has the same accuracy as prone positioning. Single position surgery can significantly shorten the operation time and reduce the fluoroscopy. There was no significant difference in the long‐term efficacy between the two groups.
Post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in pediatric liver transplant recipients: Experience from a South African transplant center
Authors: Walabh Priya , Moore David P , Hajinicolaou Christina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionPost‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a clinically heterogeneous potentially fatal complication of pediatric liver transplantation (PLT). We determined the prevalence, complications, and associated factors for PTLD in PLT recipients from Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, South Africa from January 2012 to August 2019.MethodsWe performed a retrospective record review of 150 PLT recipients.ResultsHistologically proven PTLD occurred in 17/150 PLT recipients (11.3%). Children with PTLD were significantly younger at transplant (17.9 vs. 32.7 months, p = 0.001) with a significantly higher prevalence of obstructive etiology (17/17 vs. 81/133, p = 0.001). Fifteen (88.2%) children with PTLD were Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) seronegative at transplant. High post‐transplant EBV viral load at a threshold value of 4.8 log10 DNA copies/mL (sensitivity: 80.0% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 46.7%–100.0%]; specificity: 73.1% [95% CI 42.3%–93.3%; area under the curve {AUC} 75.8%]) and low post‐transplant albumin levels at a threshold value of 21.5 g/L (sensitivity: 70.6% [95% CI, 41.2%–94.1%]; specificity: 85.7% [95% CI, 60.4%–94.5%; {AUC} 74.8%]) were associated with PTLD. The prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease was significantly higher in children who developed PTLD versus non‐PTLD (12/17 vs. 18/133; p < 0.001). CMV disease and the combination of post‐transplant high EBV viral load and low albumin were independently associated with an increased risk of developing PTLD. Four (23.5%) children with PTLD died, however, survival was equivalent to non‐PTLD PLT (p = 0.580).ConclusionThe prevalence of PTLD in our cohort mirrors international cohorts, with mortality similar to non‐PTLD PLT recipients.
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Labour market flexibility and domestic value‐added trade: Evidence from the hukou reform in China
Authors: Wang Wenxiao , Lin Faqin , Huan Fengning , Li Yanyun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChinese manufacturing firms have seen an intriguing rise in domestic value‐added content in exports (DVAR) despite their deepening engagement in global value chains (GVCs) since 2001. This article investigates whether the rise of DVAR in China can be attributed to changes in labour market flexibility by using the staggered relaxation of Chinese hukou policies across cities and time as a quasi‐natural experiment. Using combined firm‐level data and transaction‐level trade data from 2000 to 2013, this article finds that the relaxation of labour market flexibility through hukou reform has significantly increased the domestic value‐added exports of Chinese firms. Firms exposed to hukou reform tend to allow for more employment adjustment and substitute domestic materials for imported intermediates, which raises the DVAR of Chinese manufacturing firms. This effect is more prominent for non‐SOE firms, foreign‐invested firms, processing firms, coastal firms and firms in the upstream sectors of GVCs.
Evaluation of the health‐related quality of life in dogs following intracranial meningioma resection using a specifically developed questionnaire
Authors: Köcher Chiara , Tichy Alexander , Gradner Gabriele 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs advanced treatments are becoming increasingly feasible in veterinary medicine, the evaluation of the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of treated animals is becoming more relevant. We evaluated owner‐perceived HRQOL of 10 dogs that underwent craniotomy for meningioma resection between 2002 and 2022 at our institution through telephone interview. For this purpose, we developed a disease‐specific questionnaire containing 52 items (mostly of scoring nature) patterned after previously validated instruments and organised into eight domains. Approval by the Human Ethical Committee and respondents' consent were obtained. We analysed the scores for all domains and dogs. The effect of different variables on the HRQOL score was determined via log‐rank test and Pearson correlation. Scores for all included dogs (range, 0–235 points) were totaled, with a higher number of points indicating a better HRQOL. The dogs included in this study yielded a mean score of 200.6 points (range, 176–227 points), implying a good overall quality of life. There were no significant associations between individual parameters and outcomes. Our questionnaire represents a structured tool for the specific evaluation of postoperative HRQOL in dogs with meningioma, placing a minimal burden on respondents. Few instruments have been developed to assess animal welfare in a disease‐specific context. Implementing these tools, however, is essential to accurately evaluate not only the impact of treatments on biologic parameters, but also their implications on patient welfare. Thus, treatment plans may consider HRQOL for a more comprehensive clinical decision‐making process.
Acidification and alkali precipitation for phosphorus recovery from municipal digested sludge
Authors: Seckin İsmail Yigit , Altiner Mahmut , Kayranli Birol , Yilmaz Turan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMunicipal digested sludge (MDS) has considerable phosphorus content that is between 1% and 15% in dry matter and it is a potential source for phosphorus recovery. A high amount of MDS is generated from sewage treatment plants in large cities and has many environmental concerns with its organic and inorganic constituents. In this study, phosphorus was recovered by precipitation with Ca(OH)2 and NaOH. Acid pretreatment was applied to MDS with H2SO4 and 58.7% of phosphorus was extracted from the solid phase to the liquid phase at pH 2. Up to 99% of dissolved phosphorus in the liquid phase was recovered with Ca(OH)2 and NaOH. Almost similar phosphorus precipitation rates were achieved with both bases but higher phosphorus contents (17% as P2O5) in precipitates were obtained by NaOH. The product obtained in this study can serve as a high‐quality raw material substitute for the low‐grade phosphate rocks (<15% P2O5) commonly utilized in the phosphate industry. Furthermore, this research presents a practical, environmentally friendly and cost‐effective approach for sustainable sludge management and phosphorus production.
Update on vascular control of central chemoreceptors
Authors: Moreira Thiago S. , Mulkey Daniel K. , Takakura Ana C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAt least four mechanisms have been proposed to elucidate how neurons in the retrotrapezoid (RTN) region sense changes in CO2/H+ to regulate breathing (i.e., function as respiratory chemosensors). These mechanisms include: (1) intrinsic neuronal sensitivity to H+ mediated by TASK‐2 and GPR4; (2) paracrine activation of RTN neurons by CO2‐responsive astrocytes (via a purinergic mechanism); (3) enhanced excitatory synaptic input or disinhibition; and (4) CO2‐induced vascular contraction. Although blood flow can influence tissue CO2/H+ levels, there is limited understanding of how control of vascular tone in central CO2 chemosensitive regions might contribute to respiratory output. In this review, we focus on recent evidence that CO2/H+‐induced purinergic‐dependent vasoconstriction in the ventral parafacial region near RTN neurons supports respiratory chemoreception. This mechanism appears to be unique to the ventral parafacial region and opposite to other brain regions, including medullary chemosensor regions, where CO2/H+ elicits vasodilatation. We speculate that this mechanism helps to maintain CO2/H+ levels in the vicinity of RTN neurons, thereby maintaining the drive to breathe. Important next steps include determining whether disruption of CO2/H+ vascular reactivity contributes to or can be targeted to improve breathing problems in disease states, such as Parkinson's disease.