bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P1136 Relationship between occupation and Inflammatory Bowel Disease’s activity in newly diagnosed patients
Authors: Mauriz Barreiro M V , Ruano-Raviña A , Ferreiro-Iglesias R , Baston-Rey I , Calvino-Suarez C , Nieto-Garcia L , Porto-Silva S , Martinez-Seara X , Dominguez-Munoz J E , Barreiro-de Acosta M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
It is well known that occupational activity can affect health. The association between type of work and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) has been studied previously, but the studies on the topic are scarce and they do not have studied the relationship with clinical activity of the disease. The aim of this study is to elucidate if the type of work is a risk factor for the disease activity and severity in recently diagnosed IBD patients.

Methods
An observational prospective study including incident cases of patients with IBD diagnosed between June 2020 and September 2022 in the area of Santiago de Compostela was developed. Type of work, divided into white collar and blue-collar, sedentariness at work divided into high activity, moderate activity and sedentary activity according to the classification of occupational activity categories using accelerometry, and place of work divided into indoor and outdoor, time at work and contact with animals at work was recorded. All cases were followed-up through one year to assess the evolution of the disease. Endoscopic index at one year from the diagnosis, analytic parameters, hospitalizations related with the disease during the period, treatments administered, and number and severity of flares (measured by Partial Mayo Score and Harvey- Bradshaw) were collected. To analyze the results, a logistic regression was used.

Results
136 patients were included and followed their activity for a year. 68 (50%) were females. 78 (57.4%) had ulcerative colitis, 52 (38.2%) Crohn’s disease and 6 (4.4%) unclassified colitis. 30 patients (22.1%) had at least one flare during this time (23 had 1 flare, 5 two and 2 three), and 4 patients were primary non responders. 7 patients (5.2%) were hospitalized. Neither the type of job (white or blue collar), time at work (working hours per week), physical activity at work (sedentary work, moderate activity or high activity), working outdoor vs. indoor nor contact with animals at work were associated with hospitalization (all p&gt;0.05). When contact with chemicals, solvents and dusts were analyzed, no statistically significant difference was found (p&gt;0.05). Regarding the appearance of flares, high activity at work and working outside were protective factors of the appearance of a flare, with OR 0.1 (0.0 – 0.7) and 0.2 (0.1 – 0.8) respectively (Table 1).After stratifying results according to type of IBD, there were no statistically significant differences.

Conclusion
High activity jobs and working outside are protective factors for a flare appearance in patients with recent diagnosis of IBD. Type of job it is not related with risk of hospitalization.
P1145 Assessing disease control in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) – a real world cross-sectional study in the UK
Authors: de Silva S , Steed H , Allen P B , Vegad C , Crooks J , Jaulim A , Hart A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
There is a paucity of data on disease control in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in clinical practice. The Proportion Of suboptimal Disease Control And Strategy of Treatment in IBD (PODCAST-IBD) multicentre, non-interventional study aimed to quantify real-world rates of disease control using the STRIDE-II recommendations, explore contributors to, and the economic burden of, suboptimal disease control.

Methods
Cross sectional assessment of patients with IBD attending routine clinic appointments was carried out in four UK centres between Oct 2022 and Jan 2023. Clinician-reported outcomes, patient-reported outcomes and retrospective data from medical chart review were used to assess IBD control against red flags aligned to the STRIDE-II recommendations (Table). Health care resource utilisation (HCRU) was calculated using NHS reference costs.

Results
Data was available from 198 patients (Crohn's disease [CD]: 103, ulcerative colitis [UC]: 95) and most were currently receiving long-term IBD-specific treatment (CD: 85%, UC: 78%). IBD was suboptimally controlled in 52.4% (54/103) of patients with CD and 45.3% (49/95) with UC. Impaired quality of life (QOL), defined as Short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (SIBDQ) score &lt;50, was the most frequent contributor to suboptimal disease control for both UC and CD. Other frequent contributors were systemic steroid overuse, extraintestinal manifestations (EIM), failure to achieve clinical improvement and perianal disease (Figure). Suboptimal disease control has a detrimental impact on fatigue and disability, demonstrated by lower (indicating more fatigue) mean total FACIT-F score in suboptimally controlled disease (CD: 81.5 vs 125, UC: 87.4 vs 122.8) and IBD Disk, a 10-item self-questionnaire used to assess IBD-related disability. HCRU more than doubled in patients with suboptimal vs optimal control (CD: £4,746 vs £1,924; UC: £2,428 vs £1,121), driven by more hospital admissions and emergency room visits in patients with suboptimal disease control. Patients with suboptimal disease control had higher rates of work productivity loss than those with optimal control (CD: 41.7% vs 11.9%, UC: 38.0% vs 22.6%).

Conclusion
This UK cross-sectional study found that IBD was suboptimally controlled in around one-half of patients based on STRIDE-II recommendations. Of those with suboptimally controlled disease one-third had impaired QOL making it the most common contributor. Suboptimal control of IBD had a considerable economic impact; HCRU more than doubled and productivity fell. Physicians could consider regular QOL assessments to prompt timely disease monitoring to enable identification of early active disease and ensure appropriate treatment.
P1180 Smoking behaviour and changes after diagnosis in patients with Crohn's disease in a tertiary referral hospital: A retrospective explorative study
Authors: Maurer J , Pokryszka J , Wisniowski K , Schreiner P , Primas C , Kazemi-Shirazi L , Dabsch S , Schweiger K C , Dejaco C , Neumann L , Reinisch W , Novacek G 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Smoking is the best-known environmental risk factor for poor outcome of Crohn’s disease (CD). Since smoking cessation improves the prognosis of CD, patients are encouraged to quit smoking. This study aimed to assess the smoking behaviour among CD patients and explore changes after diagnosis of CD.

Methods
This is a retrospective single tertiary center cohort study of 1267 patients with CD with a median follow-up of 16.8 years (IQR - 18.3) whose characteristics are recorded via a validated data software (IBDIS, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Information System). Smoking behaviour was categorized into never smokers, current smokers, and ex-smokers (those who quit smoking at any point). The primary objective was smoking cessation during follow-up. The probability of smoking was calculated for those CD patients who smoked at the time of diagnosis of CD by means of Kaplan-Meier estimates. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software, employing log-rank tests for estimating differences with a significance level of alpha = 0.05.

Results
In total 1,128 CD patients with a complete data set were analysed (Table 1). 161 (14.2%) patients started and stopped smoking prior to diagnosis of CD. At the time of diagnosis, 541 patients (47.9%) were smokers, and 239 (44.2%) of them quit smoking during follow up. The median time from CD diagnosis to cessation for the 239 patients who were smokers at the time of diagnosis and subsequently quit was 8.6 years (IQR - 10.6 years). 80 patients (7%) started smoking after diagnosis, with 50 of these patients quitting thereafter. The probability of smoking in those CD patients who smoked at the time of diagnosis decreased over time to 0.96 (95% CI 0.95-0.98) at 1yr, 0.85 (95% CI 0.83-0.89) at 5 yrs, 0.71 (95% CI 0.67-0.76) at 10 yrs, and 0.52 (95% CI 0.47-0.57) at 20 yrs after diagnosis for the entire cohort with no significant difference between genders (p=0.76) (Figure 1a). Patients who were diagnosed 2010 and later (n=182) were more likely to stop smoking than patients diagnosed before 2010 (n=359) (p&lt;0.001) (Figure 1b). However, the probability to smoke 10 years after the diagnosis was still high in both groups (0.62 (95% CI 0.52-0.74) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.71-0.79), respectively).

Conclusion
A substantial proportion of CD patients smoked at the time of diagnosis. 20 years after diagnosis around half of the patients still continued to smoke. Improved smoking cessation programs are needed to reduce the impact of smoking on the course of the disease.
P1205 Features of the gut microbiota that associate with clinical outcomes of fecal microbiota transplantation in Ulcerative Colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Benard M , de Goffau M , Blonk J , Hugenholtz F , van Buuren J , Paramsothy S , Kaakoush N , Borody T , Kamm M , Ponsioen C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Evidence continues to accumulate highlighting the potential of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to induce remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). However, rational donor and recipient selection strategies and predictive biomarkers are needed to increase its efficacy. This systematic review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the current literature on microbial factors of FMT donors and UC recipients that relate to clinical outcomes.

Methods
The MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases were systematically searched through April 2023 for relevant studies. The quality of studies and risk of bias was analyzed with Joanna Briggs tools and a compound critical appraisal-score. Additionally, species-level data from two randomized controlled trials (TURN and FOCUS) were re-analyzed from a compositional perspective.

Results
Out of 2983 citations identified, 47 met the inclusion criteria, of which 20 fulfilled quality appraisal. Higher clinical response rates were associated with higher bacterial alpha-diversity of stools of UC recipients at baseline and following FMT, and with higher FMT donor alpha-diversity. Engraftment of the donors’ microbiota was often reported but could not be clearly linked to clinical response, possibly because not every donor has an ideal microbiome. Taxa most frequently reported to be related to response included members of the Lachnospiraceae family (e.g., Eubacterium rectale, Blautia obeum) and Oscillospiraceae family (e.g., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Ruminococcus bromii) whereas members of the Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria phyla and Ruminococcus gnavus were reported to correlate to non-response. Low virome richness and low Caudovirales bacteriophages at baseline as well as a decrease of Candida levels following FMT, were associated with clinical response. Compositional analyses showed that a clinical response is associated with a shift away from a low diversity, Bacteroides2-enterotype-like composition towards one of high diversity either dominated by various butyrate producers, the Christensenellaceae-Methanobrevibacter trophic network or a high diversity composition with abundant but not excessive levels of Prevotella copri.

Conclusion
In this systematic review we found distinctive features of microbial profiles of both donors and UC recipients to relate to clinical response to FMT. The predictive value of microbial markers should be further explored in future clinical studies to move towards a personalized FMT approach and delineate ‘super-donor’ profiles.
P1214 The crosstalk between oral and intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Xiang B , Runzhi C , Min Z , Yuanqi Z , Xiang P , Wei W , Qi Z , Zhiyin G , Jun H , Tao D , Min Z 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Background: Previous studies reported that oral microbes can migrate to the gut, but the relationship between oral and intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still unclear.

Methods
Here, we investigated the oral and gut microbiota of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), as well as their healthy relatives. We combined second- and third-generation sequencing based on the 16S rRNA gene to analyze the oral and fecal microbiota.

Results
A total of 97 IBD patients (59 CD and 38 UC) and 94 healthy relatives were included in the study. Our finding showed that CD and UC patients had higher levels of pathogenic bacteria in both their oral and fecal microbiota. In IBD patients, the gut microbiome was more influenced by the oral microbiome compared to healthy relatives, particularly in CD. We also observed an interesting interaction between Veillonella and Escherichia-Shigella in CD, and the presence of Veillonella in the gut was associated with disease activity. We developed diagnostic models that combined oral and fecal genera, which effectively distinguished CD (AUC=0.8478) and UC (AUC=0.7826) from healthy relatives, as well as predicted active inflammation in CD (AUC=0.9226) and UC (AUC=0.9158). Additionally, our third-generation sequencing results revealed an increase in Parvimonas micra in the oral cavity of IBD patients, and this was positively correlated with its presence in the feces.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that both oral and gut microbiota may play a crucial role in the development of IBD and could be potential targets for intervention.
P1226 Determination of oral and gut mucosal microbiome profiles of patients with treatment-naïve ulcerative colitis
Authors: Karakan T , Özmeriç Kurtuluş N , Ünsal B , Çağrı İşler S , Akça G , Soysal F , Cindoruk M , Elgün Ulkar S , Açık L , Ergin M , Abbasov Z , Özkul Koçak C , Ekmen N , Yalınay A M , Özkan S , Karataş A , Paes Batista Da Silva A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The oral microbiome in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and its role in the pathogenesis of the disease are still poorly understood. Although there are studies investigating the composition of oral microbiome in UC, there are no studies on concomitant analyses of oral and colonic mucosal samples in treatment-naïve patients. In this study, the oral and mucosal gut microbiome of UC patients and oral microbiota of healthy individuals (HC) were compared.

Methods
Sixty patients with newly-diagnosed active (mild-moderate severity) UC patients (n=30) and HC (n=30) were included in the study. Dietary habits were stable in the last three months of participants (checked by dietary recall questionnaires) and co-morbidities affecting microbiota profiles were excluded. Multiple colonic mucosa biopsies were obtained from inflamed areas before treatment in UC group. Simultaneously, subgingival plaque samples were analyzed. All samples were identified through next-generation DNA sequencing analysis, evaluated using bioinformatic tests.

Results
The potential signature bacterial species associated with UC were determined by examining of both gut and oral microbiomes. According to the Microbiome Lefse analysis, Prevotella copri emerged as the prominent common species in the colonic mucosal and subgingival plaque biopsies of UC group. Oral microbiome comparison between UC and HC patients revealed increased Haemophilus parainfluenza and Corynebacterium durum species and decreased F. prastnutzii and Akkermansia muciniphilia in the UC group (p&lt;0.022). Comparative Boxplot analysis of bacterial abundance and alpha-diversity, as indicated by the Shannon index data, revealed that the HC group exhibited higher bacterial abundance and diversity in subgingival plaque samples than the UC group. We found significant association of Bacteroides vulgatus, Prevotella copri, Bacteroides fragilis, Parabacteroides merdae in both colonic mucosal and subgingival plaque samples (oral microbiome) of UC patients (p&lt;0.044).

Conclusion
Our study is the first to show the oral and colonic mucosal microbiome relationship in UC. The presence of oral dysbiosis associated with UC in our study supports the hypothesis that UC could be associated not only with gut dysbiosis, as previously observed, but also with an imbalance in the oral microbial communities. Interestingly, we could not detect previously reported species of Streptococcus, Oribacterium, Rothia, Neisseria and Porphyromonas in the oral microbiome samples of the UC group. However, oral and gut microbiome profiles share some common microorganisms such as Prevotella copri and Bacteroides fragilis. Further studies are required for determining the potential role of oral dysbiosis is disease severity.
P1227 Revealing lower capacity of microbial metabolism of flavonoids and associated metabolic changes in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Xiang L , Zhuo S , Luo W , Tian C , Feng R , Zhu Y , Chen M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Recent studies highlight the role of interplay between oxidative stress, gut microbiota, and immune response in the etiology of Crohn’s disease (CD). Polyphenols are natural antioxidants which are mainly metabolized by gut microbiota and could modulate the composition of gut microbiota. However, it’s yet reported whether there is difference in polyphenol-degradation capacity of gut microbiota in CD and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted on microbial metabolic pathway of polyphenols and the responsible organisms and genes were recorded. The polyphenol-degrading genes were quantified using shortBRED in three clinical cohorts (the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (FAH) cohort, PRISM cohort, and HMP2 cohort). Microbiota abundance was analyzed in FAH and PRISM cohort. Polyphenol intake and serum metabolites were assessed in the FAH cohort. Enterotype analysis was performed in FAH cohort. Correlation analysis among polyphenol intake, gene abundance, serum metabolites and bacterial abundance was conducted.

Results
Phylogenetic tree revealed that reported polyphenol-degrading bacteria were mainly distributed to Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The abundance of flavonoid degradation related genes (mainly flavone reductase, chalcone isomerase and phloretin hydrolase) was significantly decreased in patients with CD in FAH cohort, but not in PRISM and HMP cohort. Difference in abundance of polyphenol-degrading bacteria was observed between CD patients and HCs in FAH and PRISM cohort. In addition, lower polyphenols intake and serum hippuric acid (HA) level were detected in CD patients. Enterotype analysis revealed that CD patients were mainly distributed to Enterobacteriaceae- and Bacteroidaceae-dominated enterotype while HCs were mainly distributed to Ruminococcaceae- and Prevotellaceae-dominated enterotype. Serum HA level was higher in healthier enterotypes (Ruminococcaceae and Prevotellaceae dominant) and positively correlated with flavonoid-degrading organisms and butyric acid-producing organisms. No positive correlation between abundance of polyphenol-degradation genes and polyphenols intake was detected.

Conclusion
The current study summarized the polyphenol metabolic pathway mediated by gut microbiota and quantified genes responsible for polyphenol degradation. Our comprehensive analysis of diet-microbiota-gene-metabolite data revealed a lower capability of flavonoid degradation in gut microbiota and lower HA level in CD patients. Finally, our findings provide a foundation for future work exploring the polyphenol or polyphenol-degrading microbiota interventions in preclinical models of CD.
N07 JAKne: JAK inhibitor associated acne, a real-life single-center experience
Authors: De Dycker E , Vermeire S , Ferrante M , Lambrechts T , Paps A , Geens P , Loddewijkx E , Sabino J , Hillary T , Verstockt B 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Three Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, tofacitinib (TFC), filgotinib (FIL) and upadacitinib (UPA), have been approved for treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD) and/or ulcerative colitis (UC). During the IBD registrational trials, acne was reported as adverse event (AE) in 5-7% of UPA treated patients, but not in the FIL and TFC programs. Hence, we assessed the prevalence of JAK inhibitor associated acne in a real-life cohort.

Methods
All patients initiating JAK inhibitors for active moderate-to-severe CD or UC at our center were included. Patients were prospectively monitored at prespecified timepoints, and specifically assessed for AEs including acne. Affected patients completed a visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess the impact of acne on their quality of life. All pictures of skin lesions were assessed by a dermatologist specialized in inflammatory skin diseases.

Results
In total, 46 patients initiated TFC, 40 FIL and 79 UPA. None of the TFC or FIL treated patients reported new onset of acne. Instead, 17 (21.5%) patients (9 CD, 8 UC; median [IQR] age 28.2 [25.2-45.0]; 47.1% female) spontaneously reported acne during UPA therapy. Most (89.5%) reported new onset of acne, while 2 (10.5%) mentioned a deterioration of existing acne during UPA induction. Previous acne during adolescence was reported by 46.2%. Lesions were present in the face (82.3%), back (23.5%), chest (23.5%) and scalp (11.8%). The acne phenotype included inflammatory papules in all patients, but also pustules (66.7%), nodules (33.3%), cysts (11.1%) and comedones (11.1%) were observed. A median VAS score of 5.5 [5.0-7.0] highlighted the impact on the patient’s quality of life, though no patient interrupted UPA due to acne. Six (35.2%) patients were referred to a dermatologist for acne. Most patients (82.4%) received topical skin therapy during UPA induction based on a standard operation procedure approved by the dermatologist and communicated via the IBD nurses. Three patients (17.6%) received antibiotics during UPA induction because of acne. During UPA maintenance, 5 patients (29.4%) reported resolution of skin problems with only 1 requiring continued skin therapy. Ten patients (58.7%) continued topical skin therapy during maintenance, with 4 of them requiring continued antibiotic treatment for at least 3 months. A single patient was deescalated from UPA 30mg to 15mg QD because of severe acne, with little improvement.

Conclusion
In this real-world experience, JAK inhibitor associated acne was uniquely linked to UPA, occurring in one fifth of patients. This is more prevalent than observed in the registrational trials. Awareness and patient education are therefore important, as well as early referral to the dermatologist for appropriate treatment.