bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual Strategies with Anion/Cation Co‐Doping and Lithium Carbonate Coating to Enhance the Electrochemical Performance of Lithium‐Rich Layered Oxides
Authors: Chen Huai , Ma Jun , Liu Fei , Yao Mengqin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLithium‐rich layered oxides (LLOs, Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2) are widely used as cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries due to its high specific capacity, high operating voltage and low cost. However, the LLOs are faced with rapid decay of charge/discharge capacity and voltage, as well as interface side reactions, which limit its electrochemical performance. Herein, the dual strategies of sulfite/sodium ion co‐doping and lithium carbonate coating were used to improve it. It founds that modified LLOs achieve 88.74 % initial coulomb efficiency, 295.3 mAh g−1 first turn discharge capacity, in addition to 216.9 mAh g−1 at 1 C, and 87.23 % capacity retention after 100 cycles. Mechanism research indicated that the excellent electrochemical performance benefits from the doping of both Na+ and SO32−, and it could significantly reduce the migration energy barrier of Li+ and promote Li+ migration. Meanwhile, anion and cation are co‐doped greatly reduces the band gap of LLOs and increase its electrical conductivity, and its binding effect on Li+ is weakened, making it easier for Li+ to shuttle through the material. In addition, the lithium carbonate coating significantly inhibits the occurrence of interfacial side reactions of LLOs. This work provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the further development of LLOs with higher electrochemical performance.
Power‐to‐X – Nachhaltige Produktionsrouten für eine klimaneutrale Industrie
Authors: Boumrifak Chokri 
Published: October 2023

AbstractZahlreiche Industriezweige können erneuerbar erzeugten Strom nicht direkt nutzen oder sind auf fossile Ressourcen zur stofflichen Nutzung angewiesen. Um die Klimaziele trotzdem zu erreichen, müssen die betroffenen Sektoren Alternativen zu den bisher verwendeten fossilen Rohstoffen finden. Die Antwort auf diese Herausforderung heißt Power‐to‐X. Was sich dahinter verbirgt und welches Potenzial in den Technologien steckt, erklärt dieser Trendbericht.
Standardisierung als Wegweiser für Wasserstoff
Authors: Hares Kevin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDer Hochlauf einer Wasserstoffwirtschaft ist für die Einhaltung der nationalen Klimaziele essenziell. Damit Abstimmungsprobleme zwischen den Erzeugern und den Abnehmern den Hochlauf nicht verlangsamen, sollen mit der Normungsroadmap flächendeckende Standards über die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette ermöglicht werden.
Präzises Zudosieren von Geruchsstoff
Authors: Richter Walter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDa Erdgas selbst geruchlos ist, muss er als Sicherheitsmaßnahme für die öffentliche Gasversorgung gemäß dem Regelwerk DVGW G 280 mit Geruchsstoffen versetzt werden. Ein Energieversorger entschied sich bei dem neuen LNG‐Terminal für den Odorservice der CeH4 technologies, der den Pumpenhersteller Lewa mit der Bereitstellung der Odorieranlagen mit Dosierpumpen beauftragte.
Echtzeiteinblicke in die Methanol‐Synthese
Authors: Schwarz Jörg , Reiff Ellen‐Christine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFür viele verfahrenstechnische Anwendungen rund um die aktuellen Power‐to‐X‐Technologien sind faseroptische Sensoren eine gute Lösung, da sie ein lückenloses Temperaturprofil liefern. Die faseroptische Temperaturmessung hilft optimale Katalysatoren und Verfahren für die industrielle Methanol‐Synthese zu entwickeln.
Current Strategies of Modeling Human Trophoblast Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in vitro
Authors: Cheung Virginia Chu , Bui Tony , Soncin Francesca , Bai Tao , Kessler John A. , Parast Mana M , Horii Mariko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe previously established a trophoblast differentiation protocol from primed human pluripotent stem cells (PSC). To induce this lineage, we use a combination of Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐4 (BMP4) and the WNT inhibitor IWP2. This protocol has enabled us to obtain a pure population of trophectoderm (TE)‐like cells that could subsequently be terminally differentiated into syncytiotrophoblasts (STB) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVT). However, the resulting TE‐like cells could only be terminally differentiated to a variable mixture of STB and EVT, with a bias toward the STB lineage. Recently, methods have been developed for derivation and culture of self‐renewing human trophoblast stem cells (TSC) from human embryos and early gestation placental tissues. These primary TSCs were further able to differentiate into either STB or EVT with high efficiency using the lineage specific differentiation protocols. Based partly on these protocols, we have developed methods for establishing self‐renewing TSC‐like cells from PSC, and for efficient lineage‐specific terminal differentiation. Here, we describe in detail the protocols to derive and maintain PSC‐TSC, from both embryonic stem cells (ESC) and patient‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), and their subsequent terminal differentiation to STB and EVT. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 14 April 2024. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol 1: Trophoblast Differentiation into TE‐like CellsBasic Protocol 2: Conversion of PSC‐Derived TE‐like Cells to TSCBasic Protocol 3: Passaging PSC‐Derived TSC in iCTB Complete MediumBasic Protocol 4: STB Differentiation from PSC‐derived TSCBasic Protocol 5: EVT Differentiation from PSC‐derived TSCSupport Protocol 1: Geltrex‐coated tissue culture plate preparationSupport Protocol 2: Collagen IV‐coated tissue culture plate preparationSupport Protocol 3: Fibronectin‐coated tissue culture plate preparation
In‐Cell Arrestin‐Receptor Interaction Assays
Authors: Zheng Chen , Javitch Jonathan A. , Lambert Nevin A. , Donthamsetti Prashant , Gurevich Vsevolod V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractG protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent ∼30% of current drug targets. Ligand binding to these receptors activates G proteins and arrestins, which function in different signaling pathways. Given that functionally selective or biased ligands preferentially activate one of these two groups of pathways, they may be superior medications for certain disease states. The identification of such ligands requires robust drug screening assays for both G protein and arrestin activity. This unit describes protocols for assays that monitor reversible arrestin recruitment to GPCRs in living cells using either bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) or nanoluciferase complementation (NanoLuc). Two types of assays can be used: one configuration directly measures arrestin recruitment to a GPCR fused to a protein tag at its intracellular C‐terminus, whereas the other configuration detects arrestin translocation to the plasma membrane in response to activation of an unmodified GPCR. Together, these assays are powerful tools for studying dynamic interactions between GPCRs and arrestins. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Receptor‐arrestin BRET assay to measure ligand‐induced recruitment of arrestin to receptorsBasic Protocol 2: Receptor‐arrestin NANOBIT assay to measure ligand‐induced recruitment of arrestin to receptorsAlternative Protocol 1: BRET assay to measure ligand‐induced recruitment of arrestin to the plasma membraneAlternative Protocol 2: NANOBIT assay to measure ligand‐induced recruitment of arrestin to the plasma membraneSupport Protocol 1: Optimization of polyethylenimine (PEI) concentration for transfection
Assessing the performance of the Cell Painting assay across different imaging systems
Authors: Tromans‐Coia Callum , Jamali Nasim , Abbasi Hamdah Shafqat , Giuliano Kenneth A. , Hagimoto Mai , Jan Kevin , Kaneko Erika , Letzsch Stefan , Schreiner Alexander , Sexton Jonathan Z. , Suzuki Mahomi , Trask O. Joseph , Yamaguchi Mitsunari , Yanagawa Fumiki , Yang Michael , Carpenter Anne E. , Cimini Beth A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractQuantitative microscopy is a powerful method for performing phenotypic screens from which image‐based profiling can extract a wealth of information, termed profiles. These profiles can be used to elucidate the changes in cellular phenotypes across cell populations from different patient samples or following genetic or chemical perturbations. One such image‐based profiling method is the Cell Painting assay, which provides morphological insight through the imaging of eight cellular compartments. Here, we examine the performance of the Cell Painting assay across multiple high‐throughput microscope systems and find that all are compatible with this assay. Furthermore, we determine independently for each microscope system the best performing settings, providing those who wish to adopt this assay an ideal starting point for their own assays. We also explore the impact of microscopy setting changes in the Cell Painting assay and find that few dramatically reduce the quality of a Cell Painting profile, regardless of the microscope used.
Direct diffusion of anti‐Müllerian hormone from both the cranial and caudal regions of the testis during early gonadal development in mice
Authors: Kato Shiori , Yokoyama Toshifumi , Okunishi Nobusuke , Narita Hiroto , Fujikawa Taisei , Kirizuki Yusuke , Mantani Youhei , Miki Takanori , Hoshi Nobuhiko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Müllerian duct (MD), the primordium of the female reproductive tract, is also formed in males during the early stage of development, then regresses due to the anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) secreted from the testes. However, the detailed diffusion pathway of AMH remains unclear. We herein investigated the mechanism by which AMH reaches the middle region of the MD using an organ culture system.ResultsInjection of recombinant human AMH into the testis around the start of MD regression induced diffuse immunoreactivity in the mesonephros near the injection site. When the testis and mesonephros were cultured separately, the diameters of both cranial and middle MDs were significantly increased compared to the control. In the testis–mesonephros complex cultured by inhibiting the diffusion of AMH through the cranial region, the cranial MD diameter was significantly increased compared to the control, and there was no difference in middle MD diameter.ConclusionsThese results indicate that AMH, which infiltrates from the testis through the cranial region at physiological concentrations, induces regression of the cranial MD at the start of MD regression. They also indicate that AMH infiltrating through the caudal regions induces regression of the middle MD.
Improving digestibility of sorghum proteins by CRISPR/Cas9‐based genome editing
Authors: Li Xinyu , Liu Wenzhen , Wang Gaoliang , Sun Samuel Sai‐Ming , Yuan Ling , Wang Jingxue 
Published: October 2023

AbstractKafirins are the primary storage proteins in sorghum kernels that provide amino acids for seed germination. The highly proteolytic resistant γ‐ and β‐kafirins form the cross‐linked outer layers that encapsulate α‐kafirins to generate protein bodies, resulting in poor digestibility of sorghum grains. The sorghum kafirins thus contribute to the poor quality of the kernels. The nutritional quality and digestibility of sorghum grains can be improved by reducing the contents of kafirin. γ‐Kafirin is encoded by the K2G gene, which is located on sorghum chromosome 2. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to target the K2G gene to create new sorghum lines with reduced levels of kafirin. A guide RNA (sgRNA) was designed to introduce mutations in the CDS region that encodes the endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide of γ‐kafirin. The pK2GsgRNA/Cas9 vector was transformed into sorghum using the pollen‐mediated transformation method. Sequencing of the transformants showed that three out of 24 transgenic plants contain genetic mutations in the targeted region. Compared with the wildtype, the γ‐kafirin contents of the mutant plants decreased by 12.75%–19.22%, and the protein digestibility of the mutant kernels increased by 26.91%–74.31% in raw flour. Although the grain weights remained comparable to those of the wildtype, the growth of the mutant plants was more vigorous as the mutant shoots grew taller and thicker compared with those of the wildtype. Our work advances the ability to improve the digestibility of an important crop. The resulting quality improvements can also be rapidly deployed for breeding and generation of transgene‐free, improved cultivars of sorghum, a major crop worldwide.
Effects of food price on nutrition outcomes among women in Nigeria
Authors: Fajobi Deborah Tosin , Ajetomobi Joshua Olusegun , Raufu Mufutau Oyedapo , Fajobi Moses Oluwatobi , Paramasivam Prabhu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNutrition outcomes (undernutrition, overweight, and obesity) among women are growing concerns across the globe. Currently, the rate of undernutrition and overweight among women in Nigeria is ranked among the highest in Africa. A major contributory factor reported is unstable food prices in the country. This study, therefore, examined the effects of food prices on nutrition outcomes among women in Nigeria. Secondary datasets retrieved from two different sources were used for this study. Cross‐sectional data on weight and height for women were obtained from Nigeria Health Demographic Survey (NHDS). Data on monthly prices of the selected food items were obtained from the Nigeria Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The data were categorized into energy dense (yam tuber, garri, rice, and maize) and nutrient dense (egg, beef, and chicken). Multinomial logit regression was used to estimate the relationship between the prices of energy and nutrient‐dense food prices concerning respondents' personal and environmental characteristics such as age, wealth status, and region; as well as the three nutrition outcomes for women (undernutrition, overnutrition, and obesity). This study revealed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among women was 19.9% and 10.3%, respectively. Nutrition outcomes (obesity and overweight) were positively correlated with the price of energy‐dense food with 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively. Nutrient‐dense food price is negatively correlated with undernutrition with a probability of 0.1%. The study recommends that food policy instruments such as food prices and subsidies can be introduced to favor the consumption of healthier food to stem the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria.
Felsmechanische Planung in der geotechnischen Werkzeugkiste von morgen: Eurocode 7 – Geotechnische Bauwerke: Böschungen, Flachgründungen und Stützkonstruktionen (EN 1997‐3:2024)
Authors: Stille Håkan , Ashcroft Bruce , Boley Conrad , Labiouse Vincent , Pinto Paulo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe second generation of Eurocode 7 includes both soil and rock. In addition to the current practice of ground engineering, this document aims at incorporating rock engineering, improving the ease of use, the harmonization of regulations and covering new developments. This paper provides an overview of some of the significant changes to Eurocode 7 in rock engineering design, taking into consideration limit state design, robustness, durability, and reliability. It focuses on the design of slopes, spread foundations, and retaining structures.The clauses focus on soil mechanics, but also include special rock mechanical issues such as the influence of discontinuities and strength anisotropy on the limit states. Many matters associated to verification of rock mechanical design are linked to the use of prescriptive rules and shall be given in National Annexes. For geotechnical structures in rock, it is mentioned that geotechnical mapping and documentation is important to verify the limit states. However, the basic issues with partial factor methods for verification of the ground‐structure interaction of reinforced slopes and retaining structures are not fully resolved. This has caused some difficulties in setting up partial factors and obtaining a sufficient overview of the application of partial factor method, especially in rock engineering.The design of slopes, spread foundations and retaining structures must likewise consider other clauses in the Eurocode. Rock support for slopes and retaining structures is described in Clause 13 ”Rock Bolts and Surface Support“. Groundwater‐related issues are described in clause 12 ”Ground water control“ which influence the design and limit states for the actual geotechnical structure. Dams and levees are featured in Clause 4 ”Slopes, Cuttings and Embankments“.
Felsbauplanung im geotechnischen Werkzeugkasten von morgen: Eurocode 7 – Geotechnische Bauwerke: Anker, Felsnägel, Bodennägel und Grundwasserkontrolle (EN 1997‐3:2024)
Authors: Maca Natalia , Dietz Klaus , Stille Håkan , Virely Didier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn 2025 the new generation of the Eurocode 7 will be introduced and set a framework for geotechnical design for the next 20 years. As Eurocode 7 is an essential design code, the changes will affect numerous practising geotechnical Engineers. The paper provides an overview of significant changes in rock engineering design introduced in the new EN 1997 part 3, considering limit state design, durability, reliability, testing and other crucial design aspects. It focuses on the anchor clause revision and first introduced design rules for rock bolts and soil‐nailed structures. The improvements described include distinguishing between different tension supporting elements that have often been confused. Furthermore, the provisions for groundwater control measures influencing the working condition and limit states for all other geotechnical systems that have not yet been comprehensively addressed in the current Eurocode 7 are also clarified. Finally, the design of the described geotechnical structure will also be strongly affected by changes in the overall philosophy of the Eurocodes, which is also explained.
Temporal dynamics of oscillatory activity during nonlexical language decoding: Evidence from Morse code and magnetoencephalography
Authors: Junker Frederick Benjamin , Schmidt‐Wilcke Tobias , Schnitzler Alfons , Lange Joachim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding encoded languages, such as written script or Morse code, requires nonlexical and lexical processing components that act in a parallel and interactive fashion. Decoding written script—as for example in reading—is typically very fast, making the investigation of the lexical and nonlexical components and their underlying neural mechanisms challenging. In the current study, we aimed to accomplish this problem by using Morse code as a model for language decoding. The decoding of Morse code is slower and thus allows a better and more fine‐grained investigation of the lexical and nonlexical components of language decoding. In the current study, we investigated the impact of various components of nonlexical decoding of Morse code using magnetoencephalography. For this purpose, we reconstructed the time–frequency responses below 40 Hz in brain regions significantly involved in Morse code decoding and word comprehension that were identified in a previous study. Event‐related reduction in beta‐ and alpha‐band power were found in left inferior frontal cortex and angular gyrus, respectively, while event‐related theta‐band power increase was found at frontal midline. These induced oscillations reflect working‐memory encoding, long‐term memory retrieval as well as demanding cognitive control, respectively. In sum, by using Morse code and MEG, we were able to identify a cortical network underlying language decoding in a time‐ and frequency‐resolved manner.
Refractory patients with favorable/intermediate‐risk acute myeloid leukemia benefit from azacytidine maintenance therapy following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Cao Yigeng , Zheng Xinhui , Zhang Haixiao , Wang Mingyang , Guo Wenwen , Chen Xin , Zhai Weihua , Wei Jialin , Yang Donglin , Huang Yong , Pang Aiming , Feng Sizhou , Jiang Erlie , Han Mingzhe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecurrence following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is the major cause of treatment failure in patients with myeloid malignancy. Azacytidine (AZA) maintenance is a promising therapy to prevent relapse and improve survival. We conducted a prospective, one‐arm study involving 78 patients with myeloid malignancy at a high risk of recurrence who were enrolled between September 2019 and April 2022. Furthermore, 102 matched historical controls were selected using propensity score matching. With a median follow‐up time of 19.6 (3.5–91.7) months, AZA maintenance therapy significantly improved relapse‐free survival (RFS; log‐rank test, p = 0.01). The AZA and control groups had a 1‐year RFS of 87.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80–0.96) and 72.2% (95% CI, 0.64–0.82), respectively, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.09–0. 47; p < 0.01). There were no grade 4 adverse effects or deaths related to AZA. Refractory patients with favorable/intermediate‐risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) benefited more from AZA maintenance therapy than those with adverse‐risk AML according to the European Leukemia Net guidelines (RFS in favorable/intermediate‐risk AML, HR = 0.29, 95% CI, 0.11–0.79; RFS in adverse‐risk AML, HR = 0.57, 95% CI, 0.21–1.6; p for interaction = 0.03). Our findings suggest that AZA maintenance therapy following allo‐HSCT was safe and could reduce the incidence of relapse, particularly for refractory patients with favorable/intermediate‐risk AML.
Cost‐effectiveness of risk‐based low‐dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer in Switzerland
Authors: Tomonaga Yuki , de Nijs Koen , Bucher Heiner C. , de Koning Harry , ten Haaf Kevin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThroughout Europe, computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer is in a phase of clinical implementation or reimbursement evaluation. To efficiently select individuals for screening, the use of lung cancer risk models has been suggested, but their incremental (cost‐)effectiveness relative to eligibility based on pack‐year criteria has not been thoroughly evaluated for a European setting. We evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of pack‐year and risk‐based screening (PLCOm2012 model‐based) strategies for Switzerland, which aided in informing the recommendations of the Swiss Cancer Screening Committee (CSC). We use the MISCAN (MIcrosimulation SCreening ANalysis)‐Lung model to estimate benefits and harms of screening among individuals born 1940 to 1979 in Switzerland. We evaluate 1512 strategies, differing in the age ranges employed for screening, the screening interval and the strictness of the smoking requirements. We estimate risk‐based strategies to be more cost‐effective than pack‐year‐based screening strategies. The most efficient strategy compliant with CSC recommendations is biennial screening for ever‐smokers aged 55 to 80 with a 1.6% PLCOm2012 risk. Relative to no screening this strategy is estimated to reduce lung cancer mortality by 11.0%, with estimated costs per Quality‐Adjusted Life‐Year (QALY) gained of €19 341, and a €1.990 billion 15‐year budget impact. Biennial screening ages 55 to 80 for those with 20 pack‐years shows a lower mortality reduction (10.5%) and higher cost per QALY gained (€20 869). Despite model uncertainties, our estimates suggest there may be cost‐effective screening policies for Switzerland. Risk‐based biennial screening ages 55 to 80 for those with ≥1.6% PLCOm2012 risk conforms to CSC recommendations and is estimated to be more efficient than pack‐year‐based alternatives.