bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Right dorsal colitis in horses: A multicenter retrospective study of 35 cases
Authors: Flood Jordan , Byrne David , Bauquier Jennifer , Agne Gustavo Ferlini , Wise Jessica C. , Medina‐Torres Carlos E. , Wood Kelly , Sullivan Olivia , Stewart Allison J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundRight dorsal colitis (RDC) is a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) induced, protein losing enteropathy in horses associated with a high case fatality rate.ObjectivesTo describe signalment, NSAID usage, clinical presentations, clinical pathology, ultrasonographic findings, treatments, outcomes, and factors associated with survival in horses diagnosed with RDC.AnimalsThirty‐five horses from 7 Australian equine hospitals diagnosed with RDC.MethodsRetrospective case series. Clinical records of cases were accepted if definitively or presumptively diagnosed by an internist with RDC and had ≥3 of: hypoproteinemia or hypoalbuminemia; diarrhea with negative test results for infectious diseases; colic for which other diseases were excluded or right dorsal colon thickening on ultrasound. Descriptive data analysis was performed for categorical and continuous variables. Univariate binominal logistic regressions were used to assess factors associated with survival.ResultsAn overdose of NSAIDs occurred in 84% (21/25) cases where dose was known. Common clinical presentations included diarrhea (69%; 22/32), colic (61%; 20/33), and tachycardia (53%, 17/32). Common clinicopathological findings included hypoalbuminemia (83%; 26/31), hypocalcaemia (79%, 23/29), and hyperlactatemia (77%, 14/18). The right dorsal colon wall appeared subjectively thickened in 77% (24/31) cases using ultrasonography. Case fatality rate was 43% (15/35). Odds of survival significantly decreased with increasing heart rate (odds 0.84, 95% CI = 0.71‐0.92, P = .01), packed cell volume (odds 0.91, 95% CI 0.82‐0.98, P = .05) and abnormal appearance of mucous membranes (odds 0.05, 95% CI 0.005‐0.28, P = .001) on hospital presentation.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAn overdose of NSAIDs is common in horses diagnosed with RDC. Serum albumin concentrations should be monitored in horses receiving a prolonged course of NSAIDs. Overall prognosis for RDC remains fair.
Distinct patterns of activity within columns of the periaqueductal gray are associated with functionally distinct birdsongs
Authors: Asogwa Chinweike N. , Zhao Changjiu , Polzin Brandon J. , Maksimoski Alyse N. , Heimovics Sarah A. , Riters Lauren V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMale songbirds produce female‐directed songs in spring that convey a state of sexual motivation. Many songbirds also sing in fall flocks in affiliative/gregarious contexts in which song is linked to an intrinsic positive affective state. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) in mammals, which is organized into functional columns, integrates information from multiple brain regions and relays this information to vocal motor areas so that an animal emits a vocal signal reflective of its affective state. Here, we test the hypothesis that distinct columns in the songbird PAG play roles in the distinct affective states communicated by sexually motivated and gregarious song. We quantified the numbers of immediate early gene ZENK‐positive cells in 16 PAG subregions in male European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) after singing gregarious or sexually motivated song. Results suggest that distinct PAG columns in songbirds context‐specifically regulate song, agonistic, and courtship behaviors. A second exploratory, functional tract‐tracing study also demonstrated that inputs to the PAG from specific subregions of the medial preoptic nucleus may contribute to gregarious song and behaviors indicative of social dominance. Together, findings suggest that conserved PAG columns and inputs from the preoptic nucleus may play a role in context‐specific vocal and other social behaviors.
An exploration of the relationship between voices, dissociation, and post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms
Authors: Piesse Emily , Paulik Georgie , Mathersul Danielle , Valentine Lee , Kamitsis Ilias , Bendall Sarah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesExtensive research has shown voice hearing to be associated with symptoms of Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and dissociation. However, most studies have adopted a quantitative design, using cross‐sectional data sampling methods, precluding temporal relationships between variables from being defined.DesignUsing a qualitative design, this study sought to identify potential symptom relationships by addressing the research question: what is the nature of the temporal relationship between voices, dissociation and PTSD symptoms?MethodsSeven voice hearers (aged 27 to 68 years) participated in a semi‐structured interview exploring voice hearing, PTSD symptoms, and dissociation. The interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.ResultsOne superordinate theme was identified in the data. Voices were observed to occur in dynamic interrelationship with PTSD symptoms and dissociation, and were frequently experienced before and after PTSD symptoms and dissociative episodes.ConclusionsImplications for theoretical understandings of voice hearing and future research are discussed.
Relative contributions of indirect taxes and inflation on inequality: What does the Turkish data reveal?
Authors: Gemicioğlu Selçuk , Kızılırmak Burça , Akkoç Uğur 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne way inflation affects consumption inequality is through its varying impact on the purchasing power of different households. Indirect taxes, which affect commodity price levels, are another effective factor influencing consumption inequality. Turkey is a highly unequal country with a long history of high inflation. Moreover, indirect taxes have been used frequently as a policy tool in the last decades. This study develops a novel approach to examining the relative contributions of household inflation rates and indirect tax changes to real consumption inequality and applies it to the case of Turkey. The analysis is carried out using both household‐level data and artificial panel data created to apply the Shapley and Owen decomposition methods. The findings roughly can be summarized in two points. First, while nominal consumption during the 2003–2019 period became more equal, real consumption inequality increased as a result of price changes during that time. Variations in household inflation rates are the primary source of increased inequality. Second, changes in indirect taxes account for 31% to 68% of the unequalizing effect of price changes, depending on the method used. Results imply that monetary and indirect tax policy mix have been in favor of the rich in this period.
Exploring NT‐proBNP, syndecan‐1, and cytokines as biomarkers for transfusion‐associated circulatory overload in a critically ill patient population receiving a single‐unit red blood cell transfusion
Authors: Bulle Esther B. , Blanken Britt , Klanderman Robert B. , van Manen Lisa , Juffermans Nicole P. , Vlaar Alexander P. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransfusion‐associated circulatory overload (TACO) is an often underdiagnosed pulmonary transfusion complication. A biomarker could aid with the diagnosis. To date, B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N‐terminal prohormone B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) seem the most promising biomarkers in the general hospital population. The aim was to evaluate NT‐proBNP as a biomarker for TACO in a critically ill patient population and explore syndecan‐1 and cytokines as other potential biomarkers.Study Design and MethodsA retrospective study was performed using samples and clinical data collected during a prospective observational study. Adult patients admitted to the intensive care and transfused with a single red blood cell unit were included. TACO cases were retrospectively identified using a case definition based on the current TACO definition. The primary biomarker was NT‐proBNP, also we measured syndecan‐1 IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10. All markers were measured directly before transfusion, 1 and 24 h after transfusion.ResultsOur cohort included 64 patients, 12 of which were identified as TACO patients. TACO patients had a lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio and were more often ventilated following transfusion compared to non‐TACO patients. There was no significant difference in NT‐proBNP between pre‐ and post‐transfusion levels nor between TACO and non‐TACO patients. Syndecan‐1 was significantly elevated in TACO patients both pre‐ and post‐transfusion compared to non‐TACO patients.DiscussionNT‐proBNP was not associated with TACO in this critically ill patient population. Interestingly, levels of syndecan‐1 were increased in TACO patients at baseline. More research is needed to clarify this association and its possibilities as a biomarker to predict patients at risk for TACO.
A novel reagent for the screening of haptoglobin‐deficient blood donors
Authors: Watanabe‐Okochi Naoko , Sato Ayaka , Okuyama Akira , Tomiyoshi Go , Suzuki Yumi , Watanabe Yukiko , Kitsukawa Kaori , Anazawa Masako , Shimoyamada Takashige , Takahashi Daisuke , Onodera Takayuki , Uchikawa Makoto , Tsuno Nelson‐Hirokazu , Muroi Kazuo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn Japan, the prevalence of haptoglobin deficiency is approximately 1 in 4000. Haptoglobin‐deficient individuals may produce anti‐haptoglobin from allo‐immunization, leading to serious transfusion reactions. Therefore, implementation of a consistent supply of haptoglobin‐deficient fresh frozen plasma is crucial. We developed a novel reagent to facilitate large‐scale identification of haptoglobin‐deficient individuals as potential donors of plasma products.Materials and MethodsWe established mouse monoclonal anti‐haptoglobin‐producing cell lines (three clones) using the hybridoma method by immunizing mice with the haptoglobin protein. Purified antibodies were conjugated with carboxylate‐modified polystyrene latex beads and used for haptoglobin measurements by the latex agglutination method using an automatic analyser (LABOSPECT008). Samples with low protein concentrations were re‐examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to confirm the results. Additionally, the haptoglobin gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction to confirm the haptoglobin deletion allele (Hpdel).ResultsFrom February to October 2022, 7476 blood donor samples were screened. Two haptoglobin‐deficient and 21 low‐haptoglobin‐expressing individuals were identified. Two haptoglobin‐deficient donors were found homozygous for Hpdel, and 19 (90%) of the 21 low‐haptoglobin‐expressing individuals were heterozygous for Hpdel, which includes the first reported case of heterozygous Hpdel/HpJohnson.ConclusionWe developed a new reagent for the detection of haptoglobin deficiency, which is automatable and inexpensive and appears useful for large‐scale screening of blood donors.
Strategies for Computational Fluid Dynamics Validation Experiments
Authors: Gargiulo Aldo , Duetsch-Patel Julie E. , Borgoltz Aurelien , Devenport William J. , Roy Christopher J. , Lowe K. Todd 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Benchmark Validation Experiment for Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)/large eddy simulation (LES) Investigations (BeVERLI) aims to produce an experimental dataset of three-dimensional non-equilibrium turbulent boundary layers with various levels of separation that, for the first time, meets the most exacting requirements of computational fluid dynamics validation. The application of simulations and modeling in high-consequence engineering environments has become increasingly prominent in the past two decades, considerably raising the standards and demands of model validation and forcing a significant paradigm shift in the design of corresponding validation experiments. In this paper, based on the experiences of project BeVERLI, we present strategies for designing and executing validation experiments, hoping to ease the transition into this new era of fluid dynamics experimentation and help upcoming validation experiments succeed. We discuss the selection of a flow for validation, the synergistic use of simulations and experiments, cross-institutional collaborations, and tools, such as model scans, time-dependent measurements, and repeated and redundant measurements. The proposed strategies are shown to successfully mitigate risks and enable the methodical identification, measurement, uncertainty quantification, and characterization of critical flow features, boundary conditions, and corresponding sensitivities, promoting the highest levels of model validation experiment completeness per Oberkampf and Smith [1]. Furthermore, the applicability of these strategies to estimating critical and difficult-to-obtain bias error uncertainties of different measurement systems, e.g., the underprediction of high-order statistical moments from particle image velocimetry velocity field data due to spatial filtering effects, and to systematically assessing the quality of uncertainty estimates is shown.
Computational Modeling of Walking Beam Type Reheat Furnace for the Prediction of Slab Heating and Scale Formation
Authors: Singh Saurabh , Kumar Vineet , Ghose Prakash 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Computational modeling using the high-viscosity laminar flow approach was applied to study the effect of slab crossing time on slab heating and scale growth. Simulation of an existing industrial walking beam reheating furnace with four zones, outer refractory body, skid, slab, and fluid zone is considered. The fuel used was a mixture of coke oven and blast furnace gas. Preheated air is supplied co-axially with the fuel mixture. The combustion simulation is performed using the constrained equilibrium mixture fraction model. From the results, it has been observed that with an increase in slab residence time, the slab temperature and scale growth increase across the slab. For the system considered, with a fuel mass flowrate of 70,000 kg/h, 150–180 min of slab crossing time is appropriate to obtain desired slab temperature at the discharge end. The overall equivalence ratio is taken as Φ = 1 (fuel/air ratio is the same as stoichiometric ratio). The maximum slab scale thickness is evaluated as 2.4 mm at the discharged end for 180 min of slab crossing time.
Computational Modeling With Phantom-Tissue Validation of Gold-Nanorod-Enhanced Laser Ablation of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Liang Huishan , Qian Zhiqin , Zhang Hanwei , Luo Yigang , Moser Michael A. J. , Zhang Wenjun , Zhang Bing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a computational model for the laser ablation (LA) of prostate cancer, enhanced by gold-nanorods (GNRs) in a phantom-tissue system, and to explore the effect of GNRs on the ablation zone. A prostate biomimetic tissue (PBT) was prepared with different volume fractions of GNRs (i.e., 0, 1.68 × 10−7 or 8.40 × 10−7). Specifically, the computational model was built by considering the change of light properties of PBTs with and without GNRs and introducing the dynamic heat source determined by porcine liver carbonization, reported elsewhere. The computational model was then validated by comparing the simulation and the ex vivo LA experiment in terms of three performance indexes, namely, (i) the spatiotemporal temperature distribution, (ii) ablation zone, and (iii) carbonization zone, with the three volume fractions of GNRs in the PBT model, as mentioned above. Except for minor discrepancies found in the carbonization zone, the proposed model agrees with the experimental data. The effect of GNRs on LA was explored with the help of the model, and nine combinations of the laser powers and the volume fractions of GNRs were tested. The result shows that the ablation zone increases with the increase in the volume fraction of GNRs for all three laser powers used. Two conclusions can be drawn: (1) loading GNRs into the tissues may increase the ablation zone of LA, and (2) the proposed computational model is a reliable tool for predicting the spatiotemporal temperature distribution and the ablation zone of the GNR-enhanced LA.
Characterization of a Novel Additive Manufacturing Micromix Nozzle Burning Methane to Hydrogen
Authors: Durocher Antoine , Fan Luming , Francolini Benjamin , Füri Marc , Bourque Gilles , Sirois Julien , May David , Bergthorson Jeffrey M. , Yun Sean , Vena Patrizio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As the energy landscape transitions to low/zero-carbon fuels, gas turbine manufacturers are targeting fuel flexible operation with natural gas, syngas, and hydrogen-enriched mixtures. Having a single geometry that can support the different fuel blends requested by clients can accelerate the transition to cleaner energy generation and mitigate the environmental impact of gas turbines. Toward this goal, micromix combustion technology has received significant interest, and when coupled with additive manufacturing, novel injector geometries with unique configurations may be capable of stabilizing premixed, partially-premixed, and diffusion flames using fuel mixtures ranging from pure methane to pure hydrogen. In this work, a preliminary investigation of this micromix concept is performed in the Atmospheric Combustion Rig at the National Research Council (NRC) Canada. Flame stability maps are obtained for fuel lean mixtures of H2/CH4 ranging from 0/100, 70/30, 90/10, to 100/0%, by volume. Multiple flame shapes are observed depending on the fuel mixture and combustion mode selected. Particle image velocimetry (PIV), OH, and acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF), and acoustic measurements provide additional insights into the combustion process of these novel burners to better understand the stability mechanisms. The quality of the fuel–air mixing from the premixed and micromix injectors is assessed using acetone as a tracer for the fuel, while simultaneous OH-PLIF measurements provide an indication of the postflame regions in the flow. Acoustic measurements complete the current dataset and provide combustion dynamics maps measuring the normalized pressure amplitudes and identifying the dominant frequencies. The preliminary characterization of this additive manufacturing (AM) micromix nozzle shows promising fuel flexibility with wide stability margins and low combustion dynamics for this single nozzle burner.
Experimental and Computational Heat Transfer Study of sCO2 Single-Jet Impingement
Authors: Richardson John , Wardell Ryan , Fernandez Erik , Kapat Jayanta S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study experimentally and computationally investigates the heat transfer capability of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) single jet impingement. The evaluated jet Reynolds number range is between 80,000 and 600,000, with a nondimensional jet-to-target surface spacing of 2.8. CO2-impinging jet stagnation conditions were maintained at approximately 200 bar and a temperature of ∼400 °C for most experiments. The goal is to understand how changes in the aforementioned parameters influence heat transfer between the working fluid and the heated surface. Additionally, due to the elevated Reynolds numbers and difference in thermodynamic properties between air and CO2, air-derived impingement correlations may not be appropriate for CO2 impingement; these correlations will be evaluated against experimental sCO2 impingement data. At the time of this study, no sCO2 impingement data was available relevant to sCO2 power cycles. The target surface is a 1.5-in. diameter copper block centered on the 3 mm jet orifice. A mica heating element bolted to the bottom of the copper block provides a uniform heat flux. Thermocouples embedded in the copper block are used to determine the surface temperature. Nusselt numbers obtained from experimental sCO2 test data are compared to area-averaged Nusselt numbers from air-derived correlations. The comparisons showed that air correlations drastically underpredict the heat transfer when sCO2 is used as the working fluid. A modified sCO2 correlation using experimental data at discussed conditions is derived based on an existing air correlation. A CFD study is also performed to further investigate sCO2 heat transfer characteristics, and assess the numerical model applicability to this problem type.
Thermoacoustic Characterization of a Premixed Multi Jet Burner for Hydrogen and Natural Gas Combustion
Authors: Beuth Jan Paul , Reumschüssel Johann Moritz , von Saldern Jakob G. R. , Wassmer Dominik , Ćosić Bernhard , Paschereit Christian Oliver , Oberleithner Kilian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, the acoustics and flame dynamics of a prototype multi jet burner with 19 individual mixing tubes for operation with pure hydrogen and pure natural gas are experimentally investigated. The burner transfer matrix (BTM) of the jet burner is determined from experimental data and acoustic network modeling, showing very good agreement. The burner plate and attached mixing tubes are shown to be well approximated with an acoustic model of a perforated plate with bias flow. Accordingly, the burner is found to feature a high level of acoustic damping. A comparison of the flame dynamics of the two fuels considering mass flow and equivalence ratio variation reveals that the flame transfer functions (FTFs) are dominated by a convective mechanism originating from the upstream end of the mixing tubes where the fuel is injected. Consequently, these are most likely fluctuations in the equivalence ratio that feature two characteristic time scales: the convection time in the mixing tubes and along the flame. The overall qualitative shape of the FTFs for hydrogen and natural gas at equal thermal power is found to be similar, with the dynamics of the natural gas flames being more responsive to acoustic excitation, as evident in generally higher gain values. Distinctly less pronounced phase decays are observed for hydrogen compared to natural gas operation. Moreover, the FTFs for H2 are found to change only slightly across the considered range of equivalence ratios. At the same time, we observe only small changes in the corresponding static flame shapes. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis of a dominant convective mechanism. In conclusion, the study provides valuable information on the acoustics and flame dynamics of multi jet burners for flexible fuel operation.
Recent Progress on the Tribological Applications of Solid Lubricants
Authors: Miao Changqing , Tang Jun , Yang Kang , Xiao Na , Shao Zihe , Zhang Feizhi , Zhang Honglei , Xiong Yahui , Xiong Bangying , Chen Hao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nonrenewable energy has produced abundant waste during tribological applications because a large portion of energy has been consumed to overcome friction and wear. Solid lubricants have recently aroused significant interest due to their defined friction and wear properties. Despite enormous efforts on solid lubricants, their important contributions to coatings, bulk materials, oil/grease, and super-lubricity have not yet been fully evaluated. This paper discusses in detail the present status of solid lubricants as effective reinforcements in tribology. It begins with the introduction of various descriptions and advanced structures of solid lubricants. Afterwards, it discussed their applications on improving friction properties in coatings and bulk materials. Additionally, lubrication mechanisms of solid lubricants in oil/grease are highlighted, followed by the detailed discussion of super-lubricity for solid lubricants. Finally, this review concludes final outlooks on the main challenges and future directions in this key area.