bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Codon Usage Bias of Six Genes of Replicase/Coat Protein of Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Authors: Cheeran Kevin , Suresh Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa , Jacob Siju Susan , Gowda Chirathahalli Shivamurthy Sathish , Gejendiran Narayanan , Sridevi Rajangam , Patil Sharanagouda S. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) stands as a highly studied virus and consequently, its features and composition are extensively understood. It has been found to induce diverse infections in numerous plant species, with tobacco leaves being notably affected, showing mottled browning. Presently, the sole available method to control its spread is by removing infected plants. Understanding codon use bias is crucial as it could play a pivotal role in molecular interventions aimed at halting the virus’s replication and multiplication, thereby helping to contain its propagation. Methods: Currently, the research focuses on assessing codon bias within six genes related to the replicase/coat protein of TMV, namely TMVgp1, TMVgp2, TMVgp3, TMVgp4, TMVgp5 and TMVgp6. To conduct this analysis, various methods such as relative dinucleotide abundance, relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), neutrality plot and parity rule 2 (PR2) plot were employed. Result: All of the identified genes had a modest codon bias, according to the study on codon usage, as well as the function of mutation pressure in gene TMVgp3 and natural selection in genes TMVgp1, TMVgp2, TMVgp4, TMVgp5 and TMVgp6. The Research into codon use bias showed that the TMV virus’s chosen genes are subjected to naturally occurring selection as well as mutational pressure.
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI TERHADAP MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTAA DIDIK
Authors: SITORUS PARLINDUNGAN , SURBAKTI MARIANA , GULO PUSPA REALITA 
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the interests and learning outcomes of students. The research method is quasi experimental design whose research sample is class XI MIPA 2 as an experimental class and the control class, namely class XI MIPA 1. Analysis of learning interest questionnaire data using percentage formulas and learning outcomes are normality test, homogeneity test, hypothesis test, and regression test. The research instrument used observation sheets, study interest questionnaires and multiple-choice questions. The results of the data analysis showed that the average learning interest of experimental class students from the total number of indicators was included in the very high category of 81.25 and the learning outcome data obtained were analyzed using a one-party t-test with α= 0.05 obtained tcount = 2.66 and ttable = 1.66 where tcount was greater than ttable which indicated that there was a difference in posttest in the two classes. Differentiated learning strategies are expected to be able to create effective learning and answer the diverse learning needs of students and their potential can develop so that students have freedom in learning.
Keywords: differentiated learning strategies, learning interests, learning outcomes.
The Effect of Giving Vermicompos Fertilizer and NPK 16:16:16 on Growth and Production of Edamame Soyabean (Glycine Max (L) Merrill)
Authors: Fathiah Rahmadani  , Siti Zahrah  , Sulhaswardi  , Sri Mulyani  
Published: October 2023

This research has been done in the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of Riau, Jalan Kaharuddin Nasution, Bukit Raya, Pekanbaru. This study take three months since July to September 2019. The objective of this study was to find out the interaction effect and main effect of giving vermi compost fertilizer andNPK 16:16:16 to the growth and production of edamame soybean. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design factorial. The first factor was giving vermi compost (V) fertilizer with doses 0, 500, 1000, 1500 g per plot, and second factor was gift NPK 16:16:16 (N) Fertilizer with a dose of 0, 15, 30, 45 g per plot so that there are 16 combinations repeated 3 times to obtain 48 experimental units. Parameters that were observed, were plant height, relative growth rate, number of pods per plant, percentage of fruitful pods, and seed weight per plant. The data analysis of observation in variance then done with test carry on HSD level of 5%. The results showed that the interaction of vermi compost fertilizer and NPK 16:16:16 applications significantly affected the height of the plant, amount of pod per plant, percentage of pod pithy, and Seed Weight per plant. The best treatment was vermi compost fertilizer at a dose of 1500 g/plot and NPK 16:16:16 with a dose of 30 g/plot (V3N2). The main effect of the application of vermi compost fertilizer was significant to whole parameter. The best treatment was vermi compost with a dose of 1500 g/plot (V3). The main effect of application of NPK 16:16:16 was significant to whole parameter. The the best treatment was NPK 16:16:16 with a dose of 30 g/plot (N2).
Insomnia During The Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship with Psychological Distress in Healthworkers : A Literature Review
Authors: Maryati Yullytia Franika , Godwin Ross James , Hidayat Saiful 
Published: October 2023

Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on all aspects of daily life. One area it has impacted on is psychological stress experienced by health workers, particularly sleep disorders. The development of sleep disorders such as insomnia may affect the wellbeing of health care workers. This literature review aims to summarize the evidence concerning insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to psychological distress in healthcare workers and to detect associates stress symptoms with sleep quality in health workers.
Methods: This study is a literature review constructed by searching articles through the Pubmed and Science Direct electronic databases using a combination of keywords, including articles published from 2020-2022, analyzing the effect of insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with psychological stress. The review process used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) as a guide.
Results: A total of five articles were analyzed. Three studies indicated that insomnia was associated with stress symptoms even with low exposure to COVID-19 patient care. Two other articles showed that psychological distress has a negative impact on sleep quality to such a level that it interferes with daily activities.
Conclusion: Sleep disorders, including insomnia, are related to psychological distress in health workers in the COVID-19 pandemic era. Providing social and psychological support to health workers is crucial because the emotional well-being of health workers affects the quality of patient care, and subsequently the effective functioning of health services.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Evaluasi Pembelajaran Wizer.Me pada Mata Pelajaran IPS di MTs Darussalam Aryojeding
Authors: Basrina Yulya , Afryansih Nila , Febriani Trina 
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze the development, feasibility and practicality of the Development of Evaluation Media Using the Wizer.me Application on Student Learning Outcomes in Social Studies Subjects at MTs Darussalam Aryojeding.The type of research used in this research is research and development (Research and Development). The 4D model includes 4 stages, namely: Define, Design, Development, and Desiminate. The subjects in this study were students of class VIII A and class VIII C who participated in social studies learning at MTs Darusalam Aryojeding 2021/2022, with a total of 82 students.
The results of the study found that: 1.) Media development Evaluation includes validation from experts, namely media experts, education experts, linguists and IT experts. So that media validation data is obtained which is then processed with the Interaclass Coefitien Correlation (ICC) formula, assisted by processing using the SPSS version 22 application for Windows, the results are 0.974. if the value is more than 0.5 then it can be concluded that the level of validation is sufficient. 2.) Evaluation media using Wizer.me was declared very feasible after analyzing data processing using Microsoft Excel so that a total score of 1312 was obtained with an average level of 4.0 and a percentage level of 88% with the predicate "Very Eligible". 3.) The evaluation media using Wizer.me was declared practical after processing the research data obtained from the questionnaire, and a practical test was carried out so that a total score of 881 was obtained with an average level of 4.45 and a percentage of 86% in the "Very Practical" category.
Amygdala and hippocampal contributions to broad autism phenotype: Project Ice Storm
Authors: King Suzanne , Li Xinyuan , Qureshi Muhammad , Laplante David , Elgbeili Guillaume , Jones Sherri , Rosa-Neto Pedro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Individuals with autism inconsistently exhibit increased or decreased volumes and functional connectivity of the whole amygdala and the whole hippocampus. Given heterogeneous structures of the amygdala and hippocampus and the heterogeneity of autism symptoms, it is worth examining how their subregions contribute to different autism phenotypes. T1-weighted and resting-state functional MRI data were acquired from 32 young adults of mothers who were pregnant during, or within 3 months of, the 1998 Quebec ice storm. Their broad autism phenotype was self-reported, including aloof personality, pragmatic language impairment and rigid personality. Volumes of the amygdala nuclei and hippocampal subfields were calculated. Seed-to-voxel analysis was applied to examine functional connectivity of the amygdala nuclei and hippocampal subfields with the rest of the brain, and linear regressions were implemented to examine associations of volume and functional connectivity with the three autism phenotypes. We found that 1) pragmatic language impairment was associated with increased right medial amygdala volume; 2) rigid personality was associated with decreased left hippocampal cornu ammonis (CA)1 volume; 3) pragmatic language impairment was associated with decreased left hippocampal CA1 connectivity with the supplementary motor area, and increased right hippocampal CA4 connectivity with the left putamen; and 4) rigid personality was associated with increased right central amygdala connectivity with the left inferior lateral occipital cortex (LOC); and increased left hippocampal CA3 connectivity with the right superior parietal lobule, increased right hippocampal CA4 connectivity with the left superior LOC, and increased right hippocampal dentate gyrus connectivity with the left superior LOC. In contrast, we found no associations with aloof personality. Our results suggest that amygdala and hippocampal structure and function contribute differently to two different autistic-like characteristics, with amygdala volume and hippocampus-motor connectivity explaining variance in communication impairment, and with hippocampal volume, amygdala- and hippocampus- sensory connectivity sharing the common mechanism in rigid behaviors.
Post-stroke apathy biotypes and their relation to the effort-based reward decision network: a resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Sun Wen , Fang Yirong , Wang Jinjing , Yin Dawei , jiang shiyi , Chao Xian , Zhang Feng , Yan Dingyi , Zhang Pan , Wang Peng , Liu Xinfeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Post-stroke apathy (PSA) is a highly heterogeneous disorder that affects approximately 30% of stroke survivors. Nevertheless, comprehensive understanding regarding neurobiological mechanisms the heterogeneity of PSA is lacking. We hypothesized that the effort-based reward decision network (ERDN) may play a critical role in PSA heterogeneity. Therefore, we prospectively recruited 190 patients with acute ischemic stroke and 50 demographically matched healthy controls. Sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) was employed to elucidate the associations between symptoms of PSA and patterns of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) functional connectivity. Through the application of hierarchical clustering, we successfully identified four distinct PSA biotypes based on their unique connectivity profiles. Biotype 1 had high levels of both apathy and depression at baseline. Biotype 2 had consistently higher levels of apathy but lower levels of depression at baseline. Biotype 3 had low levels of apathy and depression at baseline and follow-up. Biotype 4 had higher levels of depression but lower levels of apathy at baseline and follow-up. Furthermore, biotype1, 2 and 3 had varying degrees of increased scores on different dimensions of apathy relative to the overall mean. We used machine learning to evaluate the predictive performance of the ERDN connectivity model compared to the whole-brain connectivity model. Our results indicate that the ERDN model exhibited similar or superior predictive capabilities compared to the whole-brain model in biotype 1 and 2. The multiscale rsfMRI parameters in the ERDN were investigated further. Only biotypes 1 and 2 deviated from the overall mean in terms of graph-theoretic parameters, with biotype 1 having lower values and biotype 2 having higher values. On the other hand, these biotypes displayed distinct characteristics in terms of their functional separation parameters. Our study emphasizes the importance of ERDN in PSA heterogeneity and provides new insights for future research and therapeutic targets.
Finite element analysis and clinical application of 3D-printed Ti alloy implant for the reconstruction of mandibular defects
Authors: Xue Runqi , Lai Qingguo , Xing Hongyu , Zhong Chiyang , Zhao Yixuan , Zhu Kaiwen , Deng Yanwei , Liu Chengbin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background The reconstruction of segmental defect of the mandible has always been a challenge. The customized reconstruction plate without a bone graft is also considered a transitional means of rehabilitation and reconstruction in some cases.Methods This study evaluated the biomechanical behaviors of customized plates with different structural designs comparing with commercial plates using the finite element method in reconstrution of the lateral mandible defect.Results Simulations revealed the stress state in the plate bodies, bone tissues and screws were associated with the width, height, thickness of the plates as well as the distribution of screws. In all of the groups, the system of 16 mm-high, 2.8 mm-thick customized reconstruction plate with 10 screws was considered to be the most ideal design because of the most harmonious biomechanical state. What’s more, the stress shielding effects were not obvious in this experiment. Based on the above findings, we conducted a clinical case analysis to verify the mechanical properties of customized reconstruction and obtained a satisfactory operation result.Conclusions The results show that by adjusting the contour parameters of the reconstruction plates, an ideal and reliable customized plate can be manufactured. And the customized 3D-printed Ti alloy implant will be a new way to achieve mandibular reconstruction in patients unable to perform autologous bone graft surgery.Trial registration: The present trial has been registered with ChiCTR, the registration number is ChiCTR 2000038973 on 11/10/2020.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children with refractory diarrhea and hypoalbuminemia as the initial presentation: two cases report and literature review
Authors: Cao Yi , Wu Qing-Qing , Yan Wei-Hui , Lu Li-Na , Tao Yi-Jing , Feng Hai-Xia , Chu Yi-Jing , Cai Wei , Wang Ying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) with involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is rare and lack of clinical experience. We describe two cases who initially presented with chronic diarrhea, hypoproteinemia, and intermittent fever. These cases suggest that refractory diarrhea accompanied by recurrent hypoalbuminemia, especially with abdominal rash, LCH should be considered. Then gastrointestinal endoscopy, pathology and PET-CT detection need to be perfected for the definitive diagnosis. It might be helpful for the early recognition of the gastrointestinal tract involvement in LCH.
A Decision Support Framework to Evaluate the Sustainability Performance of Urban Road Transportation
Authors: Babaei Ardavan , Khedmati Majid , Jokar Mohammad Reza Akbari , Tirkolaee Erfan Babaee 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study proposes a decision support framework (DSF) based on two data envelopment analysis (DEA) models in order to evaluate the urban road transportation of countries for sustainable performance management during different years. The first model considers different years independently while the second model, which is a type of network model, takes into account all the years integrated. A multi-objective programming model under two types of uncertainties is then developed to solve the proposed DEA models based on a revised multi-choice goal programming (GP) approach. The efficiency scores are measured based on the data related to several major European countries and the factors including the level of freight and passenger transportation, level of greenhouse gas emissions, level of energy consumption and road accidents which are addressed as the main evaluation factors. Eventually, the two proposed models are compared in terms of interpretation and final achievements. The results reveal that the efficiency scores of countries are different under deterministic/uncertain conditions and according to the structure of the evaluation model. Furthermore, efficiency changes are not necessarily the same as productivity changes. The high interpretability (up to 99.6%) of the models demonstrates the reliability of DSF for decision-making stakeholders in the transport sector. Furthermore, a set of managerial analyses is conducted based on different parameters of the performance evaluation measures for these countries including the productivity changes during the period under consideration, resilience of the countries, detection of the benchmark countries, ranking of different countries and detection of the patterns for improving the transportation system.
Effect and mechanism of phosphate enhanced sulfite activation with cobalt ion for effective iohexol abatement
Authors: Song Yifan , Hong Jiesheng , Shao Shujing , Wen Jiayi , Zhao Xiaodan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sulfate radical (SO4•−) based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) from sulfite activation has recently received attention for abatement of microorganic pollutants in the aquatic environments. Trace level Co(II) has been demonstrated to be effective for promoting sulfite activation (simplified as the Co(II)/sulfite system) and the corresponding radical formation, yet this process is challenged by the limited valence inter-transformation of Co(II)/Co(III). In order to enhance this valence inter-transformation, a novel Co(II)/HPO42−/sulfite system is developed in this work, in which complexation of Co(II) with HPO42− can regulate the electronic structure of Co(II) and promote valence inter-transformation of Co(II)/Co(III) during the sulfite activation process. The Co(II)/HPO42−/sulfite system exhibits superior iohexol abatement performance under circumneutral conditions. For pH 8.0 and Co(II) dose of 1 μM, the iohexol abatement efficiency is as high as 98%, which is considerably higher than that of the Co(II)/sulfite system (50%). SO4•− is identified as the predominant reactive radical contributing to iohexol abatement. The presence of HPO42− broadens the pH adaptability of the Co(II)/sulfite system for iohexol abatement. In addition, the coexisting Cl− exerts an inhibitory effect on iohexol abatement while the other cations and anions shows negligible effect. The Co(II)/HPO42−/sulfite system displays good reusability and adaptability towards various organic pollutants. This study highlights the important role of complexation of Co(II) with HPO42− in sulfite activation and provide a feasible idea for abatement of the microorganic pollutants.
Intestinal Metaplasia Associated with Symptoms of Dyspepsia
Authors: Viramontes Omar , Martinez Dalia , Somsouk Ma 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and Helicobacter pylori (HP) are associated with dyspepsia, but the role of gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) has not been described. The objective of this study is to examine the association between gastric IM and dyspepsia.
Methods
We developed a cohort of consecutive patients referred to gastroenterology between Jan 2019 and July 2020 for dyspepsia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and completed an upper endoscopy with biopsies in a safety-net health system. The primary outcome was the prevalence of gastric IM in patients with dyspepsia compared to IDA. Secondary outcomes included prevalence of HP, chronic gastritis (CG) and chronic active gastritis (CAG) in the dyspepsia and IDA groups. A multivariable analysis was performed to assess the independent association between gastric IM and dyspepsia
Results:
Compared to the IDA cohort (n = 366), patients with dyspepsia (n = 349) were more likely to be female (65% vs. 47%, p < 0.01), harbor gastric IM (20.3% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.03), and less likely to have CAG (12.0% vs. 26.5%, p < 0.01) or HP (10.9% vs. 21.3%, p < 0.01). After adjusting for pathological findings, race, ethnicity, gender and age, the association strengthened between IM and dyspepsia (adj OR 1.81 from OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.19–2.76, p < 0.01).
Conclusions:
We observed a significant relationship between the presence of gastric IM and dyspepsia symptoms, which increased after adjusting for confounding factors. Future studies should verify the relationship between IM and dyspepsia, the effect of IM regression, and possible mediators of gastric IM on symptoms.
Key components of educational programme to implement skin to skin contact for preterm infants in the intensive care units: An integrative literature review
Authors: Denge Takalani , Bam Nokwanda Edith , Lubbe Welma , Rakhudu Mahlasela Annah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Skin to skin contact (SSC) has been embraced as an effective and efficient method of neonatal care. South Africa constitutes 60% of low birth weight (LBW) preterm infants’ mortality rate globally. This has led to a concern about the perceptions of the key drivers and parents of preterm infant regarding implementation of skin to skin contact in the intensive care units in an effort to reduce preterm mortality rate.
Objective
To critically and synthesises research-based literature on available key components of educational programme to implement SSC for preterm infants in the intensive care units.
Methods
A comprehensive search of electronic databases such as CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ProQuest and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition and Health Source-Consumer Edition using different keywords and references lists from the bibliography were searched.
Results
Twelve articles relevant to this review were identified, read and synthesised to draw the results and conclusions of the research question. Three themes emerged from the findings of this review namely: benefits of SSC, barriers to practice SSC and key components of educational programme which discussed under three subthemes (awareness and training considerations for nursing, support need of parents of preterm infants and policy and implementation regarding SSC).
Conclusions
An overview of the integrative literature review (ILR) methodology was provided. The authors of this paper have applied the described 5 steps of the integrative literature review process which was conducted as comprehensive as possible to ensure rigorous and ethical review. This paper provides key components of educational programme to implement SSC for preterm infants in the intensive care units. It also shared a lessons regarding SSC between preterm and mothers as evidenced-based practice that should be adopted optimally according to the recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) and other national and international organizations.