bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabricating autologous tissue to engineer artificial nerve
Authors: Cheng Biao , Chen Zhengrong 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis study reports on the successful fabrication of artificial nerves with tissue engineering methods. Schwann cells were cultured for 2 weeks, seeded on polyglactin 910 scaffolds, and biomembrane‐coated with rat‐tail glue and laminin. Observation of the scaffolds' adsorptivity to Schwann cells, and of the growth and migration of Schwann cells, was made using a light microscope, and by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The Schwann cells were able to migrate and proliferate on the polyglactin 910 fiber. Schwann cells were well‐distributed, and formed a Büngner band on which the Schwann cells produced more matrices. Schwann cells on the biomembrane also grew well. We investigated the role of the tissue engineering conduit guide in vivo, using an established rabbit peripheral nerve regeneration model. At 8 weeks, axonal regeneration was observed in the distal nerve stump. Adult Schwann cells can be produced on the coated fiber and the biomembrane. Three‐dimensional scaffolds with Schwann cells had the basic characteristics of the artificial nerve. These findings will provide a practical method for fabricating tissue‐engineered artificial nerve to repair long nerve defects. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 22:133–137 2002
Limit behaviour of solutions to equivalued surface boundary value problem for p‐Laplacian equations: II
Authors: Fengquan Li 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this paper (which is a continuation of Part‐I), we discuss the limit behaviour of solutions to boundary value problem with equivalued surface for p‐Laplacian equations in the case of 1<p⩽2−1/N when the equivalued surface boundary shrinks to a point in certain way. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The layered medium Green's function—A new look
Authors: Chew W. C. , Zhao J. S. , Cui T. J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper describes an alternate method to formulate the layered medium Green's function suitable for computational electromagnetics. The Green's function is symmetrized so that the reciprocity theorem becomes obvious. Also, the vector differential operators are explicit so that they can be transferred to operate on the basis function and the testing function, as is often done in the method of moments. This alternative formulation of the layered medium Green's function makes it simple to integrate with other computational electromagnetic methods. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 252–255, 2001.
Matched load truncation for feedline of patch antennas in the FDTD method
Authors: Abd El‐Raouf Hany E. , Yu Wenhua , Farahat Nader , Mittra Raj 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this paper, a matched load termination of a finite‐length line is used to represent an infinite feedline structure in FDTD simulations. A generator with an internal resistor—which is matched to the input port—is employed to excite the feedline, with a view to achieving a low reflection at the truncation point. A patch antenna, whose feedline is truncated in this manner, is used as an example to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed technique. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 267–269, 2001.
Downsizing inverted‐F antennas for 915 MHz ISM applications
Authors: Ammann M. J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe inverted‐F antenna is experimentally downsized using various reactive and dielectric loading techniques. Antenna parameters are presented for each technique, including size reduction, bandwidth, and radiation performance. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 270–271, 2001.
Tuning the delay time of harmonically mode‐locked erbium‐doped fiber laser pulses by a frequency‐discriminated phase shifter
Authors: Lin Gong‐Ru , Cheng Yao‐Ling 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA delay‐time tunable, actively mode‐locked erbium‐doped fiber ring laser is demonstrated by using a voltage‐controlled phase‐locked phase shifter as an inherent timing module. By changing the voltage from −3.35 to 3.6 V, the maximum tuning range of the phase and the delay time of the optical pulse train repeated at 500 MHz from the laser can be up to 340° (∼1.9π) and 1.9 ns (nearly one period), respectively, under a tuning responsivity of 0.27 ps/mV. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 168–170, 2001.
A finite‐element realization of a 3‐D conformal PML
Authors: Liu Peng , Xu Jia‐Dong , Wan Wei 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe 3‐D conformal perfectly matched layer (PML) is realized by the finite‐element method (FEM). We outline the procedure, and demonstrate that it works well on highly curved scatterers. A significant challenge in this implementation is ensuring the continuity of the physical parameters in the PML region. We present explanation from the computer‐aided geometric design (CAGD) point of view, and a normal curvature‐based approximation is proposed to overcome this difficulty. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 170–173, 2001.
Dispersion of multiple V‐groove guide
Authors: Cho Yong H. , Eom Hyo J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA multiple V‐groove guide is rigorously analyzed with the Fourier transform and mode matching. A new rigorous dispersion relation is presented in fast‐convergent series, which is efficient for numerical calculation. The propagation characteristics and their Hz‐field distributions are presented in terms of the double and triple V‐groove guides. A closed‐form dispersion relation based on a dominant‐mode approximation is shown to be accurate for most practical applications. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 175–177, 2001.
An accurate calculation of microstrip step discontinuities' three sets of lengths for the transverse‐resonance technique by the method of lines
Authors: Zakriti Alia , Essaaidi Mohamed 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this paper, a numerical study is carried out in order to establish systematic convergence criteria for the method of lines. These criteria allow an optimum determination of microstrip step discontinuities' three sets of lengths, that are needed to determine the S‐parameters of the considered structure by the transverse‐resonance technique. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 181–185, 2001.
Large‐bandwidth double‐T‐shaped microstrip‐fed single‐layer single‐slot antenna
Authors: Jang Yong‐Woong 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe wideband double‐T‐shaped microstrip‐line‐fed slot antenna is studied in this letter. The characteristics of the antenna depended greatly on the offset parameters. The experimental characteristics of the impedance loci and VSWR exhibiting a multiloop and three‐resonance are due to the effect of the broad band of the antenna. The measured bandwidth of the antenna is from 1.877 to 5.638 GHz, which is approximately 114% (VSWR≤2.0). In addition, the experimental data for the impedance and the radiation patterns of the antenna are described. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 185–187, 2001.
A microwave HEMT oscillator with a directly coupled port at 4.2 K
Authors: Lee Moon‐Que 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAn X‐band HEMT oscillator is designed and tested at the cryogenic temperature of liquid helium. The designed oscillator has a directly coupled port in addition to an output port to obtain circuit simplicity. For the novel oscillator configuration, an analytic design formula of the feedback network is derived. The measured data at cryogenic temperature show a significantly improved phase noise and output power compared to the performance of an oscillator operating at room temperature. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 159–162, 2001.
Meta‐materials with wideband negative permittivity and permeability
Authors: Tretyakov S. A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractRecently, electromagnetic materials with negative permittivity and permeability values (sometime called “media with negative refraction index”) have been given much attention in the literature. Negative values of the material parameters can be achieved in composite media near resonances, which implies very dispersive properties. The material parameters are complex numbers to account for dissipation, and the real parts can be negative only in narrow frequency bands. Here, we show that this limitation can be relaxed in composite materials with active inclusions. It is proven that, using small dipole and loop antennas loaded by certain simple electronic circuits as composite inclusions, the material behaves as an effective medium with real negative parameters in wide frequency bands. Similarly, thin sheets of negative materials can be simulated by strip or patch arrays loaded by active circuits. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 163–165, 2001.
A study on resonance characteristics of a microstrip open‐loop resonator
Authors: Görür Adnan , Karpuz Ceyhun , Yilmaz Arzu , Yalçin Kürşat 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA microstrip open‐loop resonator (MOLR) is proposed for maximum miniaturization in microwave applications, and to obtain a wider upper stopband including the first spurious resonance frequency for planar bandpass filters. The effect of variation in the width of one of the longer strips of an OLR formed in two ways (namely, fixed‐gap (FG) and variable‐gap (VG) OLR) on their resonance characteristics is discussed. Also, simple empirical expressions indicating the effect of variation in the strip width are derived for estimation of the resonance frequency as a function of the variable strip width and the fundamental resonance frequency of the standard loop resonator. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 177–180, 2001.
Effect of axial sinusoidal size variation on the modal characteristics of an annular optical fiber
Authors: Singh Vivek , Prasad B. , Ojha S. P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper considers a new lightguide with a circular annular core cross section varying periodically in size along the propagation axis. We report an analytical study of the modal properties of this structure using the weak guidance approximation and considering vector boundary conditions. The characteristic eigenvalue equation is derived. As expected, the z‐component of the propagation vector β is found to depend on the variable z, the axial coordinate. The propagation constant β is computed and plotted against z for some low‐order modes (modal index ν=0). These curves show an oscillatory periodic behavior. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 211–214, 2001.
Antennas based on modified metallic photonic bandgap structures consisting of capacitively loaded wires
Authors: Simovski Constantin R. , He Sailing 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAntenna systems based on some improved metallic photonic bandgap (MPBG) structures are introduced. A useful modification is introduced by replacing each wire in a two‐dimensional MPBG structure by a chain of many identical conducting elements of a certain shape. Each such chain forms an effective wire of capacitive impedance. The optimal design for maximal radiation efficiency and directivity is obtained by choosing an appropriate value of the impedance per unit length for the effective wire and the geometry of the modified MPBG structure. The optimal impedance is realized by using elements of various shapes, including broken wire elements and planar H‐shaped elements. Numerical results have shown that the modification can increase the efficiency of the MPGB antenna by a factor of 1000, as well as reduce the thickness of the MPGB structure to about λ/3 in the presence of a metal background plane. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 214–221, 2001.
Modeling of very high‐frequency effects in the interconnection delays on GaAs‐based VLSICs
Authors: Goel A. K. , Weitemeyer S. E. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this paper, a model of the propagation delays in the interconnection lines on GaAs‐based very high‐speed integrated circuits is presented. The model includes the very high‐frequency effects, such as geometric dispersion, substrate losses, and conductor losses. The model is used to simulate the dependence of interconnect delays on the frequency of operation, interconnect length, width, material resistivity, load capacitance, and the driving source resistance. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 229–233, 2001.
Input impedance of probe‐fed multilayer rectangular microstrip patch antenna using the modified Wolff model
Authors: Verma A. K. , Nasimuddin  , Tyagi V. , Chakraverty D. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe modified Wolff model (MWM)‐based cavity model is presented for the simple and accurate computation of the input impedance of a probe‐fed multilayer rectangular microstrip patch antenna. Results of the MWM are compared with both the experimental data and data of the MoM, with agreement within 1.5% for resonance frequency and within 0.15 for normalized input impedance. Further results are presented on the input impedance of a suspended rectangular microstrip patch antenna with a two‐layer superstrate. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 237–239, 2001.
Comments on “Periodically Slotted Microstrip Ring Resonator”
Authors: Dmitriev V. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA microstrip ring resonator with stubs is analyzed by circuit theory. It is shown that the stubs lead to a reduction of the dimensions of the resonator, an increase of the susceptance slope parameter, and as a consequence, an increase of the Q‐factor. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 241–243, 2001.
Comparison of long‐term outcome of children and adolescents with disseminated non‐lymphoblastic non‐Hodgkin lymphoma treated with COMP or daunomycin‐COMP: A report from the Children's Cancer Group
Authors: Sposto Richard , Meadows Anna T. , Chilcote Robert R. , Steinherz Peter G. , Kjeldsberg Carl , Kadin Marshall E. , Krailo Mark D. , Termuhlen Amanda M. , Morse Margaret , Siegel Stuart E. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractBackgroundEarly Children's Cancer Group (CCG) trials indicated that the cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, and prednisone (COMP) regimen was superior to the LSA2L2regimen for non‐lymphoblastic (NLB) non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Studies by other groups suggested that addition of anthracyclines to standard therapies could improve outcome. Therefore, in 1983 CCG initiated study CCG‐503, a randomized trial of COMP vs. daunomycin‐COMP (D‐COMP) in children and adolescents with disseminated NLB NHL.ProceduresBetween December 1983 and April 1990, 404 eligible patients were entered. Patients without central nervous system (CNS) or marrow involvement were randomized to receive COMP (N = 139) or D‐COMP (N = 145). Randomization was stratified by histology and site of disease. Patients with CNS or marrow involvement (stage IV) were non‐randomly treated with D‐COMP (N = 120).ResultsTen‐year event‐free survival in COMP and D‐COMP patients was similar: 55 ± 4.3% (Estimate ± SE) vs. 57 ± 4.2% (not significant). Stage I–III patients with large‐cell (LC) NHL had worse 10‐year event‐free survival (EFS) (48 ± 4.9%) than those with small non‐cleaved cell (SNCC) NHL disease (61 ± 3.5%, P < 0.05 in multivariate analysis), but equivalent survival (65 ± 4.7% vs. 63 ± 3.5%) due to significantly higher salvage rates in LC patients, especially those failing more than 12 months from diagnosis. Ten‐year EFS in stage IV patients was 39 ± 5.2%. Addition of daunomycin resulted in higher rates of grade 3/4 hematologic toxicity and stomatitis, as well as late cardiac‐related deaths. The incidence of second malignant neoplasms was 1.0% at 10 years.ConclusionsAddition of daunomycin to standard COMP therapy did not improve outcome in pediatric disseminated NLB NHL. Patients with LC disease had a significantly reduced long‐term EFS, but were retrieved at a higher rate than patients with SNCC disease, resulting in equivalent long‐term survival. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001;37:432–441. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Three‐dimensional finite element analysis of the interaction between tunneling and pile foundations
Authors: Mroueh H. , Shahrour I. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper concerns analysis of the impact of construction of urban tunnels on adjacent pile foundations. It is carried out using an elastoplastic three‐dimensional finite element modelling. Numerical simulations are performed in two stages, which concern, respectively, the application of the pile axial loading and the construction of the tunnel in presence of the pile foundations. Analysis is carried out for both single piles and groups of piles. Results of numerical simulations show that tunneling induces significant internal forces in adjacent piles. The distribution of internal forces depends mainly on the position of the pile tip regarding the tunnel horizontal axis and the distance of the pile axis from the centre of the tunnel. Analysis of the interaction between tunneling and a group of piles reveals a positive group effect with a high reduction of the internal forces in rear piles. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanical behaviour of Lixhe chalk partly saturated by oil and water: experiment and modelling
Authors: Collin F. , Cui Y. J. , Schroeder C. , Charlier R. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractTwo or more different fluids generally saturate chalk in oil reservoir, and therefore its behaviour can be very complicated. In this paper, a constitutive law is proposed for modelling the mechanical behaviour of a chalk saturated by two non‐miscible fluids, water and oil. The effects of the capillary pressure or suction are taken into account. They are considered as an independent variable, as in the Barcelona's basic model developed for unsaturated soils. On the other hand, internal friction and pore collapse are modelled as independent mechanisms. The determination of the parameters is based on triaxial and oedometer tests. Finally, in order to validate the model, predictions are compared with experimental results of water‐flooding test. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Minimizing makespan on a single batch processing machine with nonidentical job sizes
Authors: Zhang Guochuan , Cai Xiaoqiang , Lee C.‐Y , Wong C.K 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe deal with the problem of minimizing makespan on a single batch processing machine. In this problem, each job has both processing time and size (capacity requirement). The batch processing machine can process a number of jobs simultaneously as long as the total size of these jobs being processed does not exceed the machine capacity. The processing time of a batch is just the processing time of the longest job in the batch. An approximation algorithm with worst‐case ratio 3/2 is given for the version where the processing times of large jobs (with sizes greater than 1/2) are not less than those of small jobs (with sizes not greater than 1/2). This result is the best possible unless P = NP. For the general case, we propose an approximation algorithm with worst‐case ratio 7/4. A number of heuristics by Uzosy are also analyzed and compared. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 226–240, 2001
Teletraffic capacity of CDMA cellular mobile networks and adaptive antennas
Authors: Al‐Ruwais Abdulaziz S. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe teletraffic capacity of a CDMA mobile network with adaptive antennas at the receiver base station is considered and a simplified expression for the system outage probability associated with the teletraffic capacity is obtained. Analytical as well as numerical results show that the outage probability, and consequently the teletraffic capacity of the system, is improved using adaptive antennas at the receiver base station. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hierarchical VP restoration management system for a reliable ATM backbone network
Authors: Hong Won‐Kyu , Hong Choong‐Seon 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper proposes a distributed ATM VP PVC restoration framework with the dynamic rerouting schemes in a hierarchical transport network. The rerouting algorithm aims to provide rapid ATM VP PVC restoration in the case of fault or performance degradation in terms of maximization of network resource utilization and satisfaction of the end user's QoS requirement. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Remodeling of an identified motoneuron during metamorphosis: central and peripheral actions of ecdysteroids during regression of dendrites and motor terminals
Authors: Knittel Laura M. , Kent Karla S. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractDuring metamorphosis of the moth Manduca sexta, an identified leg motoneuron, the femoral depressor motoneuron (FeDe MN), undergoes reorganization of its central and peripheral processes. This remodeling is under the control of two insect hormones: the ecdysteroids and juvenile hormone (JH). Here, we asked whether peripheral or central actions of the ecdysteroids influenced specific regressive aspects of MN remodeling. We used stable hormonal mimics to manipulate the hormonal environment of either the FeDe muscle or the FeDe MN soma. Our results demonstrate that motor‐terminal retraction and dendritic regression can be experimentally uncoupled, indicating that central actions of ecdysteroids trigger dendritic regression whereas peripheral actions trigger terminal retraction. Our results further demonstrate that discrete aspects of motor‐terminal retraction can also be experimentally uncoupled, suggesting that they also are regulated differently. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 52: 99–116, 2002
GABAergic modulation of primary gustatory afferent synaptic efficacy
Authors: Sharp Andrew A. , Finger Thomas E. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractModulation of synaptic transmission at the primary sensory afferent synapse is well documented for the somatosensory and olfactory systems. The present study was undertaken to test whether GABA impacts on transmission of gustatory information at the primary afferent synapse. In goldfish, the vagal gustatory input terminates in a laminated structure, the vagal lobes, whose sensory layers are homologous to the mammalian nucleus of the solitary tract. We relied on immunoreactivity for the GABA‐transporter, GAT‐1, to determine the distribution of GABAergic synapses in the vagal lobe. Immunocytochemistry showed dense, punctate GAT‐1 immunoreactivity coincident with the layers of termination of primary afferent fibers. The laminar nature and polarized dendritic structure of the vagal lobe make it amenable to an in vitro slice preparation to study early synaptic events in the transmission of gustatory input. Electrical stimulation of the gustatory nerves in vitro produces synaptic field potentials (fEPSPs) predominantly mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors. Bath application of either the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol or the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen caused a nearly complete suppression of the primary fEPSP. Coapplication of the appropriate GABAA or GABAB receptor antagonist bicuculline or CGP‐55845 significantly reversed the effects of the agonists. These data indicate that GABAergic terminals situated in proximity to primary gustatory afferent terminals can modulate primary afferent input via both GABAA and GABAB receptors. The mechanism of action of GABAB receptors suggests a presynaptic locus of action for that receptor. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 52: 133–143, 2002