bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Over‐Stoichiometric Metastabilization of Cation‐Disordered Rock Salts
Authors: Wang You , Outka Alexandra , Takele Wassie Mersha , Avdeev Maxim , Sainio Sami , Liu Rui , Kee Vanessa , Choe Wonu , Raji‐Adefila Basirat , Nordlund Dennis , Zhou Shan , Kan Wang Hay , Habteyes Terefe G. , Chen Dongchang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCation‐disordered rock salts (DRXs) are well known for their potential to realize the goal of achieving scalable Ni‐ and Co‐free high‐energy‐density Li‐ion batteries. Unlike in most cathode materials, the disordered cation distribution may lead to more factors that control the electrochemistry of DRXs. An important variable that is not emphasized by research community is regarding whether a DRX exists in a more thermodynamically stable form or a more metastable form. Moreover, within the scope of metastable DRXs, over‐stoichiometric DRXs, which allow relaxation of the site balance constraint of a rock salt structure, are particularly underexplored. In this work, these findings are reported in locating a generally applicable approach to “metastabilize” thermodynamically stable Mn‐based DRXs to metastable ones by introducing Li over‐stoichiometry. The over‐stoichiometric metastabilization greatly stimulates more redox activities, enables better reversibility of Li deintercalation/intercalation, and changes the energy storage mechanism. The metastabilized DRXs can be transformed back to the thermodynamically stable form, which also reverts the electrochemical properties, further contrasting the two categories of DRXs. This work enriches the structural and compositional space of DRX families and adds new pathways for rationally tuning the properties of DRX cathodes.
Tunable Hydrogel Electronics for Diagnosis of Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Yang Ganguang , Hu Yijia , Guo Wei , Lei Wei , Liu Wei , Guo Guojun , Geng ChaoFan , Liu Yutian , Wu Hao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPeripheral neuropathy characterized by rapidly increasing numbers of patients is commonly diagnosed via analyzing electromyography signals obtained from stimulation‐recording devices. However, existing commercial electrodes have difficulty in implementing conformal contact with skin and gentle detachment, dramatically impairing stimulation/recording performances. Here, this work develops on‐skin patches with polyaspartic acid‐modified dopamine/ethyl‐based ionic liquid hydrogel (PDEH) as stimulation/recording devices to capture electromyography signals for the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. Triggered by a one‐step electric field treatment, the hydrogel achieves rapid and wide‐range regulation of adhesion and substantially strengthened mechanical performances. Moreover, hydrogel patches assembled with a silver‐liquid metal (SLM) layer exhibit superior charge injection and low contact impedance, capable of capturing high‐fidelity electromyography. This work further verifies the feasibility of hydrogel devices for accurate diagnoses of peripheral neuropathy in sensory, motor, and mixed nerves. For various body parts, such as fingers, the elderly's loose skin, hairy skin, and children's fragile skin, this work regulates the adhesion of PDEH‐SLM devices to establish intimate device/skin interfaces or ensure benign removal. Noticeably, hydrogel patches achieve precise diagnoses of nerve injuries in these clinical cases while providing extra advantages of more effective stimulation/recording performances. These patches offer a promising alternative for the diagnosis and rehabilitation of neuropathy in future.
Optimization of Laser‐Induced Graphene Electrodes for High Voltage and Highly Stable Microsupercapacitors
Authors: Zaccagnini Pietro , Tien Ye , Baudino Luisa , Pedico Alessandro , Bianco Stefano , Lamberti Andrea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicrosupercapacitors (µSCs) have received a lot of interest for their possible use in miniaturized electronics and in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT) to power distributed sensors. µSCs fill the gap between batteries and traditional capacitors, providing high power densities and acceptable energy densities to fulfill onboard power supply requirements, coupled with quick charge/discharge rates and extended lifetime. Charge balancing of µSCs is not a standard practice, although the optimization of electrodes can provide beneficial effects on the electrochemical performance and stability of the device. In this work, a charge‐balanced double‐layer µSC based on laser‐induced graphene (LIG) with [PYR14][TFSI] as an ionic liquid electrolyte is presented for the first time. The optimized device shows an improvement in terms of the increased lifetime of a factor of four and its energy efficiency is raised above 80%.
Versatile On‐Chip Programming of Circuit Hardware for Wearable and Implantable Biomedical Microdevices
Authors: Lee Ah‐Hyoung , Lee Jihun , Leung Vincent , Nurmikko Arto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWearable and implantable microscale electronic sensors have been developed for a range of biomedical applications. The sensors, typically millimeter size silicon microchips, are sought for multiple sensing functions but are severely constrained by size and power. To address these challenges, a hardware programmable application‐specific integrated circuit design is proposed and post‐process methodology is exemplified by the design of battery‐less wireless microchips. Specifically, both mixed‐signal and radio frequency circuits are designed by incorporating metal fuses and anti‐fuses on the top metal layer to enable programmability of any number of features in hardware of the system‐on‐chip (SoC) designs. This is accomplished in post‐foundry editing by combining laser ablation and focused ion beam processing. The programmability provided by the technique can significantly accelerate the SoC chip development process by enabling the exploration of multiple internal circuit parameters without the requirement of additional programming pads or extra power consumption. As examples, experimental results are described for sub‐millimeter size complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor microchips being developed for wireless electroencephalogram sensors and as implantable microstimulators for neural interfaces. The editing technique can be broadly applicable for miniaturized biomedical wearables and implants, opening up new possibilities for their expedited development and adoption in the field of smart healthcare.
Estimated effects of amyloid reduction on cognitive change: A Bayesian update across a range of priors
Authors: Ackley Sarah F. , Wang Jingxuan , Chen Ruijia , Power Melinda C. , Allen Isabel Elaine , Glymour M. Maria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe results of the CLARITY‐AD, GRADUATE I and II, and TRAILBLAZER‐ALZ 2 trials have rekindled discussion on the impact of amyloid‐targeting drugs. We use a Bayesian approach to quantify how rational observers would have updated their prior beliefs based on new trial results.METHODSWe used publicly available data from the CLARITY‐AD, GRADUATE I and II, and TRAILBLAZER‐ALZ 2 trials to estimate the effect of reducing amyloid on the clinical dementia rating scale, sum of boxes (CDR‐SB) score. A range of prior positions were then updated according to Bayes’ theorem using these estimates.RESULTSAfter updating with new trial data, a wide range of starting positions resulted in credible intervals that did not include no effect of amyloid reduction on CDR‐SB score.DISCUSSIONFor a range of starting beliefs and assuming the veracity of the underlying data, rational observers would conclude there is a small benefit of amyloid reductions on cognition. This benefit must be weighed against opportunity cost and side‐effect risk.Highlights
The results of recent trials of amyloid‐targeting drugs have rekindled discussion on the impact of amyloid reductions achieved with amyloid‐targeting drugs on cognition.
Prior to the announcement of trial results, beliefs about the effects of altering amyloid levels varied.
For a range of starting beliefs, one would conclude there is a small benefit of amyloid reductions due to amyloid‐targeting drugs on cognition.
The perceived value of individual drugs must balance the magnitude of this benefit against opportunity cost and risk of side effects.
Small Organic Molecular Electrocatalysts for Fuels Production
Authors: Torres‐Méndez Carlos , Axelsson Martin , Tian Haining 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn recent years, heterocyclic organic compounds have been explored as molecular electrocatalysts in relevant reactions for energy conversion and storage. Merging mimetics of biological systems that perform hydride transfer with rational synthetic chemical design has opened many opportunities for organic molecules to be tuned at the atomic level conferring them interesting reactivities. These molecular electrocatalysts represent an alternative to traditional metallic materials and metal complexes employed for water oxidation, hydrogen production, and carbon dioxide reduction. This minireview describes recent reports concerning design, catalytic activity and the mechanism of synthetic molecular electrocatalysts towards solar fuels production.
How dense can you be? New automatic measures of vein density in angiosperm leaves
Authors: Green Walton A. , Losada Juan M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPremiseBecause of the trade‐off between water loss and carbon dioxide assimilation, the conductivity of the transpiration path in a leaf is an important limit on photosynthesis. Closely packed veins correspond to short paths and high assimilation rates while widely spaced veins are associated with higher resistance to flow and lower maximum photosynthetic rates. Vein length per area (VLA) has become the standard metric for comparing leaves with different vein densities; its measurement typically utilizes digital image processing with varying amounts of human input.Methods and ResultsHere, we propose three new ways of measuring vein density using image analysis that improve on currently available procedures: (1) areole area distributions, (2) a sizing transform, and (3) a distance map. Each alternative has distinct practical, statistical, and biological limitations and advantages. In particular, we advocate the log‐transformed modal distance map of a vein mask as an estimator to replace VLA as a standard metric for vein density.ConclusionsThese methods, for which open‐source code appropriate for high‐throughput automation is provided, improve on VLA by producing determinate measures of vein density as distributions rather than point estimates. Combined with advances in image quality and computational efficiency, these methods should help clarify the physiological and evolutionary significance of vein density.
A new method of parameter estimation and adaptive control of nonlinear systems with filterless least‐squares
Authors: Jing Lida 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the parameter estimation and adaptive control problem for a sort of strict‐feedback nonlinear systems with unknown parameters. In order to deal with the nonlinear functions, we develop a kind of least‐squares estimator in the parameter estimation part. With such an estimator, we design the state‐feedback control law and analyze the properties of the closed‐loop system. To be concrete, the parameter estimator can guarantee the boundedness of parameter estimate error. At the same time, the adaptive control law is proposed to make the system states converge to zero and the equilibrium stable globally under some common assumptions. Finally, simulations are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Protective effect of human epicardial adipose‐derived stem cells on myocardial injury driven by poly‐lactic acid nanopillar array
Authors: Yan Wenju , Li Yan , Yin Jie , Liu Qian , Shi Yugen , Tan Jiayu , Wang Yu , Zhang Shan , Zhang Junyi , Li Jingxin , Yan Suhua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigated if poly‐lactic acid (PLA) nanopillar array can trigger the differentiation of human epicardial (ADSCs) (heADSCs) into cardiomyocyte‐like cells and explored the effects of these cardiomyocyte‐like cells on myocardial infarction (MI) in vivo. PLA nanopillar array (200 nm diameter) and plain PLA film (PLA planar) induced heADSCs were marked with carboxyfluorescein. After 7 days, the expressions of myocardiocyte‐specific genes were significantly enhanced in cells seeded on PLA nanopillar array compared with that on PLA planar, especially CACNA1C, KCNH2, and MYL2 genes (p < 0.05). However, the expressions of cardiac troponin T (cTNT), KCNQ1, and KCNA5 were lower than those in PLA planar‐induced heADSCs (p < 0.05), whereas GATA4 tended to increase with time. The cells with positively stained α‐actinin and cTNT were elevated in heADSCs induced by PLA nanopillar array compared with those induced by PLA planar only (p < 0.05). In vivo experiments showed that cardiac function was improved after injecting PLA‐nanopillar array‐induced heADSCs into the ischemic heart (p < 0.05, compared with PLA planar + MI group). Furthermore, tyrosine hydroxylase density was significantly lower (p < 0.05). PLA nanopillar array directly drives the differentiation of heADSCs into cardiomyocyte‐like cells, and the induced heADSCs exhibit a protective effect on ischemic myocardium by improving cardiac function in MI rats.
Nanoparticle‐based nanocomposite coatings with postprocessing for enhanced antimicrobial capacity of polymeric film
Authors: Shin Jaemyung , Jeong Robin , Kumar Hitendra , Park Chaneel , Park Simon S. , Kim Keekyoung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on surfaces pose a significant risk of microbial contamination and chronic diseases, leading to potential health complications. To mitigate this concern, the implementation of antibacterial coatings becomes paramount in reducing pathogen propagation on contaminated surfaces. To address this requirement, our study focuses on developing cost‐effective and sustainable methods using polymer composite coatings. Copper and titanium dioxide nanoparticles were used to assess their active antimicrobial functions. After coating the surface with nanoparticles, four different combinations of two postprocessing treatments were performed. Intense pulsed light was utilized to sinter the coatings further, and plasma etching was applied to manipulate the physical properties of the nanocomposite‐coated sheet surface. Bacterial viability was comparatively analyzed at four different time points (0, 30, 60, and 120 min) upon contact with the nanocomposite coatings. The samples with nanoparticle coatings and postprocessing treatments showed an above‐average 84.82% mortality rate at 30 min and an average of 89.77% mortality rate at 120 min of contact. In contrast, the control sample, without nanoparticle coatings and postprocessing treatments, showed a 95% microbe viability after 120 min of contact. Through this study, we gained critical insights into effective strategies for preventing the spread of microorganisms on high‐touch surfaces, thereby contributing to the advancement of sustainable antimicrobial coatings.
Boron‐ and nitrogen‐embedded blue multi‐resonance emitters with low triplet energy
Authors: Mubarok Hanif , Lee Taehwan , Jung Jaehoon , Lee Min Hyung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractB,N‐doped multi‐resonance (MR) thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters are of significant interest for realizing the high efficiency and remarkable color purity of optoelectronic devices. Due to their moderate singlet‐triplet energy gap, managing triplet state (T1) energy is important to enhance the performance of these devices. Herein, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as pyrene and anthracene, are appended to the t‐DABNA structure, resulting in t‐DABNA‐PAH compounds, namely t‐DABNA‐pyr and t‐DABNA‐ant. Both compounds display sky‐blue fluorescence which lacks TADF characteristics while preserving high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and high color purity. The compounds possess low T1 energy (~2.0 eV), which is advantageous for suppressing the accumulation of undesirable long‐lived T1 excitons. Particularly, t‐DABNA‐pyr exhibits emissions with a narrow full width at half maximum (~33 nm) and a high PLQY (~100%) in both solution and rigid states. Theoretical studies further suggest that the low‐energy T1 state is localized at the PAH moiety.
Ferulago bernardii as a New Source of α‐Pinene Binds to ctDNA: In Silico and in Vitro Studies
Authors: Shahmoradi Afrooz , Ebadi Ahmad , Dastan Dara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFerulago bernardii Tomk & M. Pimen belongs to Apiaceae family. Various species of the Ferulago genus have antioxidant, anticholinesterase, cytotoxic, and antiproliferative effects. In this study, the essential oil of F. bernardii was extracted using the Clevenger apparatus. The essential oil compounds were identified using GC‐MS/FID. The interaction between the essential oil and DNA strands was evaluated through spectrophotometric titration. The molecular mechanism of the interaction between the main components of the essential oil and different DNA strands was assessed using molecular dynamics simulation. Based on the results, 92.03±1.20 % of the essential oil consisted of α‐pinene. Therefore, the essential oil could serve as a suitable source of α‐pinene. α‐pinene is a monoterpene hydrocarbon that has various effects, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor properties. The binding constant of the essential oil to DNA strands (Ka) was determined to be 5.40±0.47×10−3 M−1. Molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated that α‐pinene could interact with AT and CG rich DNA strands and indirectly stabilize G‐Quadruplex. Given the different applications for α‐pinene and its high percentage in the essential oil, it is suggested that researchers pay more attention to F. bernardii in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
Stenting of coarctation of the aorta—“Once and for all?”
Authors: Qureshi Athar M. , Qureshi Shakeel A. 
Published: October 2023

Key Points
Long term hemodynamic benefit and survival are sustained in patients undergoing stenting of coarctation of the aorta with bare metal and covered Cheatham‐Platinum (CP) stents.
Reintervention and complication rates are similar with both bare metal and covered CP stents.
Routine advanced imaging should be performed periodically in the long‐term to assess for stent integrity and aortic wall injury, and to guide treatment/reintervention, when necessary.
A rare association of neuromyelitis optica, antisynthetase, and antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Nemes‐Tömöri Dóra , Csabalik Richárd , Nagy Edit Boglárka , Béldi Tibor , Majai Gyöngyike Emese 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe association of neuromyelitis optica concurrently with two other autoimmune diseases is rare. Neuromyelitis optica should be taken into consideration when evaluating the symptoms of the patient as a differential diagnostic aspect.
Iron‐Catalyzed Gamma‐Gamma Dimerization of Siloxydienes
Authors: Galaktionova Daria , Liu Xiaoguang , Chen Xiaohong , Mohr Justin T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe report the oxidative dimerization reaction of siloxydienes derived from simple enones that creates a new gamma‐gamma (γ‐γ) C−C bond using catalytic iron and benzoyl peroxide as the terminal oxidant in acetonitrile solvent at ambient temperature. The reaction shows a broad substrate scope including cyclic and acyclic siloxydienes derived from ketones, aldehydes, and esters, which are converted to 1,8‐dicarbonyl compounds under mild catalytic reaction conditions in 19–89 % yield across 30 examples. The method is suitable for the coupling of sterically demanding carbon centers, including the formation of vicinal quaternary centers. Conceptually, the dienol ether serves as a precursor to a conjugated radical cation, which undergoes highly site selective γ‐dimerization reactions. The γ‐γ dimerization strategy is applied to the synthesis of a bioactive analogue of honokiol.
Spin‐Vibronic Coupling Controls the Intersystem Crossing of Iodine‐Substituted BODIPY Triplet Chromophores
Authors: Doležel Jiří , Poryvai Anna , Slanina Tomáš , Filgas Josef , Slavíček Petr 
Published: October 2023

Abstract4,4‐Difluoro‐4‐borata‐3a‐azonia‐4a‐aza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) dyes are extensively used in various applications of their triplet states, ranging from photoredox catalysis, through triplet sensitization to photodynamic therapy. However, the rational design of BODIPY triplet chromophores by ab initio modelling is limited by their strong interactions of spin, electronic and vibrational dynamics. In particular, spin‐vibronic coupling is often overlooked when estimating intersystem crossing (ISC) rates. In this study, a combined experimental and theoretical approach using spin‐vibronic coupling to correctly describe ISC in BODIPY dyes was developed. For this purpose, seven π‐extended BODIPY derivatives with iodine atoms in different positions were examined. It was found that the heavy‐atom effect of iodine atoms is site specific, causing high triplet yields in only some positions. This site‐specific ISC was explained by El‐Sayed rules, so both the contribution and character of the molecular orbitals involved in the excitation must be considered when predicting the ISC rates. Overall, the rational design of BODIPY triplet chromophores requires using (i) the high‐quality electronic structure theory, including both static and dynamical correlations; and (ii) the two‐component wave function Hamiltonian, and rationalizing; and (iii) ISC based on the character of the molecular orbitals of heavy atoms involved in the excitation, expanding El‐Sayed rules beyond their traditional applications.
A randomized prospective trial of an ostomy telehealth intervention for cancer survivors
Authors: Krouse Robert S. , Zhang Siqi , Wendel Christopher S. , Sun Virginia , Grant Marcia , Ercolano Elizabeth , Hornbrook Mark C. , Cidav Zuleyha , Nehemiah Ariel , Rock Matthew , Appel Scott , Hibbard Judith H. , Holcomb Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer survivors with ostomies face complex challenges. This study compared the Ostomy Self‐Management Telehealth program (OSMT) versus attention control usual care (UC).MethodsThree academic centers randomized participants. OSMT group sessions were led by ostomy nurses and peer ostomates (three for ostomates‐only, one for support persons, and one review session for both). Surveys at baseline, OSMT completion, and 6 months were primary outcome patient activation (PAM), self‐efficacy (SE), City of Hope quality of life‐Ostomy (COH‐O), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Surveys were scored per guidelines for those completing at least two surveys. Linear mixed effects models were used to select potential covariates for the final model and to test the impact of OSMT within each timeframe.ResultsA total of 90 OSMT and 101 UC fulfilled analysis criteria. Arms were well‐matched but types of tumors were unevenly distributed (p = .023). The OSMT arm had a nonsignificant improvement in PAM (confidence interval [CI], –3.65 to 5.3]; 4.0 vs. 2.9) at 6 months. There were no significant differences in other surveys. There was a significant OSMT benefit for urinary tumors (four SE domains). Higher OSMT session attendance was associated with post‐session improvements in five SE domains (p < .05), two COH‐O domains (p < .05), and HADS anxiety (p = .01). At 6 months, there remained improvements in one SE domain (p < .05), one COH‐O domain (p < .05), and HADS anxiety (p < .01).ConclusionsNo clear benefit was seen for the OSMT intervention, although there may be an advantage based on type of tumor. Benefit with greater session attendance was also encouraging.Plain Language Summary

Cancer patients with ostomies have many challenges.
We tested a telehealth curriculum compared to usual care.
There are indications of benefit for the program for those that attend more sessions and those with urostomies.