bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giving Literal Thanks: An ACGME-Sponsored Initiative to Bring Residents Back to the Bedside
Authors: Diacovo Natalie , Gundewar Anisha , Wallace Alexandra , Scott-Vernaglia Shannon E. , Dzara Kristina , Healy Michael G. , Frey-Vogel Ariel S. 
Published: December 2023

Background Resident burnout is at an all-time high. In response, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) developed the Back to Bedside grant for resident-led burnout interventions that increase the time residents spend with patients.
Objective We designed a resident-patient reading intervention, Giving Literal Thanks (GLT), intended to increase meaningful time residents spend with patients and thereby decrease burnout.
Methods All 65 pediatric residents rotating through our academic hospital’s inpatient units from Fall 2019 through Fall 2021 were invited to read and gift books to their patients. We studied our intervention’s relationship to resident burnout using a convergent mixed-methods design, including anonymous, unlinked pre-, peri-, and post-intervention surveys and focus groups. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed separately, then integrated to describe burnout pre- and post-intervention.
Results Forty-one of 65 residents (63.1%) completed pre-intervention surveys, and 8 of 65 (12.3%) completed post-intervention surveys. Twenty-seven resident-patient reading interactions were recorded, and 2 focus groups were held (1 pre- and 1 post-intervention). Five themes were identified: (1) limited opportunities exist to spend time at the bedside; (2) spending time at the bedside is valuable; (3) other responsibilities may preclude time at the bedside; (4) GLT could promote positive outcomes; and (5) GLT might not be the right tool to reduce burnout. Further quantitative data analysis was prevented by low survey response rates. While GLT was positively received and feasible, we were unable to show an improvement in burnout.
Conclusions GLT was well-regarded but may not improve resident burnout.
Multicenter Study of Optional In-Person Visits to Residency Programs After Virtual Interviews
Authors: O’Connor Alec B. , Blatt Amy E. , Fletcher Kathlyn E. , Martin Shannon K. , Rasnake Mark S. , Uthlaut Brian S. , Williams Donna M. 
Published: December 2023

Background Compared to in-person recruitment, virtual interviewing reduces costs and promotes equity. However, many residency applicants believe that visiting programs helps inform their rank decisions.
Objective We assessed the feasibility of and stakeholder opinions about optional in-person visits after virtual interviewing and program rank list finalization.
Methods Six internal medicine residency programs conducted virtual recruitment in 2022-2023 and finalized their rank lists 4 weeks before the deadline. Applicants were invited for optional in-person visits after program rank list finalization. Interviewed applicants, program directors, and program administrators were given surveys that included 7-17 questions and employed “skip logic,” discrete answers (eg, “yes/no/unsure” or multiple choice), and open-ended questions. Survey questions assessed stakeholders’ opinions about the value, equity, and potential downsides of this recruitment process.
Results Participating programs interviewed an average of 379 applicants (range 205-534) with 39 (10.3% [39 of 379], range 7.9%-12.8% [33 of 420-51 of 397]) applicants completing in-person visits. Of 1808 interviewed applicants, 464 responded to the survey (26%); 88% (407 of 464) believe a similar optional in-person visit should be offered next year, 75% (347 of 464) found this process equitable, but only 56% (258 of 464) trusted programs not to change their rank lists. Nearly all who attended an in-person visit (96.5%, 109 of 113) found it valuable. All program directors liked the optional in-person visit and believe future applicants should be offered similar in-person visits.
Conclusions A large majority of participating applicants and program directors believe that in-person visits should be offered after program rank list finalization. The majority of respondents felt this recruitment process was equitable.
Bioethanol Production from Non-Conventional Yeasts Wickerhamomyces anomalus (Pichia anomala) and Detection of ADH1 Gene
Authors: Fathiah Muhammad Fadhil , Hartono Faisal Diniamal , Astuti Rika Indri , Listiyowati Sri , Meryandini Anja 
Published: December 2023

Bioethanol is an organic compound resulted from the fermentation of sugar substrates by microorganisms which is used as alternative energy sources. During bioethanol fermentation yeast are exposed to various fermentation stresses, including temperature, osmotic, and oxidative stresess. Such conditions may decrease ethanol production. We previously isolated fermentation-stress tolerance yeast isolates from traditional Balinese beverages, identified as Wickerhamomyces anomalus BT2, BT5, and BT6. However no data available regarding the bioethanol production of those isolates. Our study indicates that these strains could utilize various sugar substrates (glucose, xylose, maltose, sucrose) in oxidative fermentative media. The highest value of substrate utilization efficiency following 48 hours fermentation was shown by BT6 on glucose (61.02%), BT 2 on xylose (55.44%) and maltose (60.90%). Measurement of ethanol production by Gas Chromatography showed that the strains were able to produce higher ethanol on the glucose substrate than other substrates. For instance, BT6 could produce the highest ethanol production (5.00 g/L) amongst strains tested by using glucose as substrate. Yet, the particular strains could only produce 0.30 g/L and 0.65 g/L by using xylose and maltose, respectively. For further genetic engineering purposes, we detected ADH1 gene from all three isolates, with high homology to the alcohol dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further strain development can be carried out targeting the ADH1 gene, important for ethanol fermentation.
Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Hevea brasiliensis Leaves Extract
Authors: Kusumarn Noipha  , Piyanuch Suwannarat  , Supattra Prom-in  , Titpawan Nakpheng  
Published: December 2023

Belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family, the Para rubber tree is formally referred to as Hevea brasiliensis in scientific terms. It is commonly known as an important economic commodity in Thailand because the natural rubber primarily originates from the milky latex obtained from the tree. However, the available research on the phytochemicals found in different parts of the rubber tree and their biological effects is quite restricted. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antibacterial activity studies on the crude dry leaf extracts of H. brasiliensis. The results indicated the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, coumarin, flavonoids, saponin, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids. The total phenolic content was 63.95±4.31 mgGAE/g in the ethanolic leaf extract. The ethanolic extract displayed notable effectiveness in scavenging free radicals (71.2±0.17%) at 500 μg/ml concentration and antioxidant capacity (the lowest IC50 value 42.57±0.91 μg/ml). The ethanol extract of the leaf of H. brasiliensis showed inhibition zone on all of the selected bacteria (gram-positive; Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and gram-negative; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) at 200 mg/ml. In conclusion, the dried leaves of H. brasiliensis compose phytochemicals that exhibit antioxidant and antibacterial activities and possesses the potential to act as a reservoir of plant-derived antibiotics and natural antioxidants.
Cloning and Production of Antigen 85A Mycobacterium tuberculosis for Diagnostic Latent Tuberculosis: a Preliminary Study
Authors: Agus Rosana , Sjafaraenan  , Samara Yulianti , Massi Muhammad Nasrum 
Published: December 2023

The main challenge in the management of Tuberculosis (TB) is diagnosing quickly and accurately, especially Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI). LTBI detection was carried out using the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA). In TB endemic areas, these two examinations have limitations, so current research is directed at finding specific antigens for the diagnosis of LTBI. One of the potential proteins is Antigen 85A (Ag85A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) encoded by Fibronectin-binding protein A (FbpA). The Ag85 complex induces the proliferation of T-cells and interferon-gamma in most healthy individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and BCG-vaccinated mice, making it a potential antigen. This study aims to clone and produce recombinant protein Ag85A from Mtb in Escherichia coli BL21. The methods used were ligation to the pET-32a expression vector, transformation to Escherichia coli BL21, and production of protein by IPTG induction. Characterization of recombinant clones by colony PCR and sequencing. The results obtained were that the fbpA gene isolated from Mtb clinical isolate had been amplified, and the PCR product was 900 bp. The production of Antigen 85A has been successfully carried out and produces 44 kDa.
Production of Polyurethane Elastomers from Ximenia americana L (Wild Olive) Seed Oil and Diisocyanates
Authors: Samuel A. E. , Eremosele I. C. , Kamba S. Y. , Samaila D. S. 
Published: December 2023

Seed oils readily undergo derivatization by alcoholysis to yield biodegradable polyols and Ximenia americana plant from the family of Olacaeae has oily seeds. Hence, the objective of this paper is to assess the production of polyurethane elastomers from Ximenia americana L (Wild Olive) Seed Oil with diisocyanates, namely, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and 4,4’-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) respectively using standard procedure and characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Instron Tensile Testing Machine and Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA). The tensile strength and tensile modulus for HDI-based polyurethane elastomers, 5.83±0.15 and 3.95±0.07 MPa respectively are higher than the corresponding ones for TDI- and MDI-based polymers. This is consistent with the highest crosslink density (γ) of 5.05×10-3 for HDI-based polymer with corresponding average molecular weight between crosslinks (Mc) of 197.87 gmol-1 The polyurethane elastomers are stable up to 250-265oC with order of stability: HDPU-1.50>MDPU-1.50>TDPU-1.50. The results showed that diol from Ximenia americana seed oil is effective for production of polyurethane elastomers with properties which are comparable to ones of the non-oil-based polymers.
Effects of cadmium exposure on tissue structure, antioxidant enzyme activity, serum biochemical indices and gene expression in the liver of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Liu Hui , Pei Zhuo , Fan Ke , Liu Yuanyi , Wang Yang , Liu Yumei , Huang Yong 
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to understand the effect of various levels of waterborne cadmium exposure and associated integrated response in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The experimental fish were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group H (high concentration group): 0.25 mg/L of water (100% of the LC50); Group M (medium concentration group): 0.01 mg/L of water (50% of the LC50); group L (low concentration group): 0.05 mg/L of water (12.5% of the LC50) and group C (control). Experimental fish in group C (control group) were cultured in cadmium (Cd)-free tap water. After 28 days of Cd exposure, the gill and liver tissues were collected for histological analysis and antioxidant enzyme activities assay. Serum biochemical indices and the expression levels of HSP70, HSP90, Cyp1a, and MT in the liver were assayed. Results indicated Cd exposure in group H could significantly damage the gill and liver. The SOD activity of gill and liver exhibited an increasing trend with Cd concentrations increasing, and SOD activities increased significantly in group M compared to that of group C. Still, SOD activity significantly decreased in group H. MDA content increased significantly in both the gill and liver, while T-AOC activities were not significantly different in both the gill and liver. By comparison with group C, the activities of ALT and AST in serum were significantly increased in group M and group H; the contents of ALB and TP significantly decreased in group M and group H except for the content slightly increased in the group L; the contents of GLU, TG, and TC did not show significant changes in the group L and the group M, but increased significantly in the group H. The expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 in the liver exhibited the highest level in group M, whereas the expression levels of MT and Cyp1a were highest in groups H and L, respectively. Our results are intended to provide a reference basis for the safety risk evaluation of Cd and healthy fish farming.
Etika Dan Budaya Politik “Konsep Sistem Politik Di Indonesia"
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Kirani Chintia , Gabylia Elina Mitha , Adawiyah Robiatul 
Published: December 2023

Politics is basically a phenomenon that is closely related to humans, who by nature always live in society. Therefore, politics will always manifest itself in the framework of the process of human development. With the above connection, humans are the main core of political reality, whatever is captured or politically analyzed cannot simply leave humans. This shows that the essence of politics is human behavior, whether in the form of activities or attitudes aimed at influencing or maintaining the order of a society by using force. The constitutional exercise of power includes the distribution of political power which includes issues: sources of political power, legitimacy processes, highest authority holders, administration of power, functions of power/light tasks and easily accessible political goals.
Konsekuensi Kompetensi Absolut Terhadap PTUN Pasca Berlakunya Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan
Authors: Nurhidayati Syssy , Wibowo Arif 
Published: December 2023

Desentrasilasi dalam sebuah sistem ketatanegaraan sebuah negara bertujuan untuk menggerakkan roda pemerintahan agar tercapainya pemerataan dari berbagai bidang yang digerakkan oleh pemerintahan eksekutif. Pemberlakuan sistem desetralisasi ini berlaku untuk semua negara (negara-bangsa) dalam kerangka pembagian wilayah kekuasaan (local government). Sistem hukum Eropa kontinental adalah salah satu sistem yang memberi pengaruh terhadap sistem hukum Indonesia, yaitu dengan menjadikan peradilan administrasi sebagai elemen penting dari konstitusi negara yang sah. Persoalan penyalahgunaan wewenang oleh otoritas publik memunculkan Hukum Tata Usaha Negara yang memeberikan dampak perubahan terhadap kewenangan mutlak dari Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara yaitu dengan memberikan kewenangan kepada Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara untuk mengambil keputusan. Pada prinsipnya Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara memiliki yurisdiksi penuh hanya dalam lingkup keputusan tata usaha negara saja (beschikking). Namun pasca ditetapkannya Undang- Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan menjadikan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara berubah kewenangan dan arti Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara yang menjadi gugatan dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan.
Correlation Between Central Corneal Thickness and Intraocular Pressure with the Goldmann Applanation Tonometer
Authors: Alshehri Fayez , Alrashidi Badriah 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The aim of this review is to investigate the correlation between central corneal thickness (CCT) and Intraocular pressure with the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT).
Materials and Methods: A literature search using Medline database was conducted for the years 1946 to 2022 to explore the relationship between central corneal thickness and Intraocular pressure measured by the Goldmann applanation tonometer. The search was restricted to studies published in English language. The first 80 articles were reviewed and five relevant studies were selected in this analysis.
Findings: Impacts of central corneal thickness on Intraocular pressure were investigated in five studies. Overestimation of intraocular pressure is associated with thick cornea while underestimation of intraocular pressure was associated with thin cornea
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Central corneal thickness can affect the result of Intraocular pressure measurement with the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) . Assessment of central corneal thickness (CCT) is necessary for correct interpretation of IOP measurements obtained with the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT).
Beyond Rhetoric: Re-imagining Internationalization of Higher Education in Zimbabwe Through a Feminist Framework
Authors: Garwe Evelyn Chiyevo 
Published: December 2023

Traditional models of internationalization in higher education have been criticized for neglecting equity, inclusion, and social responsibilities in favor of focusing narrowly on economic objectives. This study explores an alternative feminist and collaborative framework for internationalization of higher education using a case study of Zimbabwean universities. The methodology included content analysis of documents and primary data collection. Five universities participated in semi-structured interviews with 30 participants across administration, faculty, and student leadership to explore understandings, rationales, policies, procedures, initiatives, strategies, aspirations, and challenges regarding internationalization. The findings revealed gaps between espoused priorities and lived experiences. Thematic analysis showed that incorporating diversity, representation, mutual understanding, and empowerment through feminist partnerships validated diverse knowledge and addressed intersectional needs, facilitating culturally sensitive exchanges. However, challenges of limited resources and implementing consistent, systemic changes remained. The study argues that adopting a feminist-informed and collaborative approach enriches internationalization theory and practice by centering marginalized voices in conceptualizing and implementing initiatives. By dismantling barriers and fostering empowerment, more equitable outcomes can be realized. This feminist approach holds promise for empowering all backgrounds as equal partners in higher education worldwide through wisdom and care.

Received: 16 October 2023 | Revised: 7 December 2023 | Accepted: 12 December 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that she has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that supports the findings of this study are not publicly available due to privacy concerns of the participants. However, anonymized data are available from the on reasonable request.
Dupilumab (Dupixent)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: December 2023

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses dupilumab (Dupixent), 200 mg single-use syringe (200 mg per 1.14 mL) and 300 mg single-use syringe (300 mg per 2 mL), subcutaneous injection.
Indication: For the treatment of patients aged 6 months and older with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis whose disease is not adequately controlled with topical prescription therapies or when those therapies are not advisable. Dupilumab can be used with or without topical corticosteroids.
Artificial Intelligence–Enhanced Rapid Response Electroencephalography for the Identification of Nonconvulsive Seizure
Authors: Madakadze Candice , McGill Sarah C. 
Published: December 2023

What Is the Issue?

A nonconvulsive seizure is seizure activity defined by an altered mental status, subtle limb twitches, or changes in speech. They are more difficult to identify than convulsive seizures as they do not have the distinctive motor activity associated with convulsive seizures.
Patients in emergency departments (EDs) and intensive care units (ICUs) with suspected nonconvulsive seizures must be monitored with an electroencephalogram (EEG) to confirm diagnosis. Rapid detection of nonconvulsive seizures is crucial — a delay in treatment risks brain injury.
There can be significant delays in accessing conventional EEG monitors and treatment because of limited supply in critical care settings, such as EDs and ICUs.

What Is the Technology?

The Ceribell system is a rapid response point-of-care EEG designed for use in the ED and ICU to help identify patients who are having nonconvulsive seizures.
The portable device has an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, Claritγ, that monitors seizure activity within a 5-minute interval to determine the seizure burden during that time frame. The device alerts a bedside care provider if seizure activity occurs. This information can guide physicians’ treatment plans.

What Is the Potential Impact?

Within the ED and ICU, Ceribell could be used to increase access to EEG, allowing for faster detection of nonconvulsive seizures.
Conventional EEG monitors are expensive and usually require a trained specialist to use and interpret findings. Most hospitals have limited access to conventional EEGs, which can lead to delays in treating patients with nonconvulsive seizures.
In critical care settings, Ceribell may improve efficiency and patient flow by shortening time to diagnosis, preventing unnecessary treatment escalation, decreasing transfers to tertiary care hospitals.

What Else Do We Need to Know?

The Ceribell system is not available in Canada as of this writing.
The Ceribell system could improve time to treatment for patients with suspected nonconvulsive seizures due to the complexity and personnel needs of conventional EEG systems.
Current research on the Ceribell system has mostly been retrospective with small sample sizes; therefore, the results may not be generalizable to a wider population.
If the system is implemented in hospitals, training is required to ensure that all health care professionals in the ED or ICU know when to order the portable EEG so that the use of Ceribell is prioritized for patients with suspected nonconvulsive seizures.
Datasets used to train AI algorithms tend to underrepresent equity-deserving groups, so implementing AI systems such as Ceribell with Clarity in health care settings could increase health care inequity for those not well represented in algorithm data.