bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi‐modal fusion YoLo network for traffic detection
Authors: Zheng Xinwang , Zheng Wenjie , Xu Chujie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTraffic detection (including lane detection and traffic sign detection) is one of the key technologies to realize driving assistance system and auto drive system. However, most of the existing detection methods are designed based on single‐modal visible light data, when there are dramatic changes in lighting in the scene (such as insufficient lighting in night), it is difficult for these methods to obtain good detection results. In view of multi‐modal data can provide complementary discriminative information, based on the YoLoV5 model, this paper proposes a multi‐modal fusion YoLoV5 network, which consists of three key components: the dual stream feature extraction module, the correlation feature extraction module, and the self‐attention fusion module. Specifically, the dual stream feature extraction module is used to extract the features of each of the two modalities. Secondly, input the features learned from the dual stream feature extraction module into the correlation feature extraction module to learn the features with maximum correlation. Then, the extracted maximum correlation features are used to achieve information exchange between modalities through a self‐attention mechanism, and thus obtain fused features. Finally, the fused features are inputted into the detection layer to obtain the final detection result. Experimental results on different traffic detection tasks can demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.
Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale‐Parent Report for screening children with ADHD: Looking beyond symptoms in ADHD diagnosis
Authors: Kiani Behnaz , Hadianfard Habib , Weiss Margaret D. , Dehbozorgi Sara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe current study aimed at examining the ability of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale‐Parent Report (WFIRS‐P) to discriminate between children with ADHD and controls in functional impairment and identifying optimal cutoff scores for the WFIRS‐P subscales and total scale.MethodsParents of 51 children with ADHD (90.2% male; grades 1–6) and 51 gender/grade matched controls (90.2% male; grades 1–6) completed the WFIRS‐P. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to examine the ability of the WFIRS‐P to differentiate children with ADHD from controls and to determine optimal cutoff scores of the WFIRS‐P.ResultsArea under the curve (AUC) was 0.98 for the WFIRS‐P total scale, indicating excellent ability to differentiate children with ADHD from controls. The score of 0.45 with 0.88 for sensitivity and 0.96 for specificity was determined as the optimal cutoff score for the total scale of the WFIRS‐P. AUC was 0.73 to 0.97 for the WFIRS‐P subscales, suggesting good to excellent ability for discriminating between children with ADHD and controls. Among the subscales, the family subscale score of 0.42 with 0.92 for sensitivity and 0.96 for specificity showed the highest discriminating power. The self‐concept and life skills subscales had low sensitivity, suggesting Iranian mothers do not identify problems with self‐concept or difficulty with life skills as particularly problematic in ADHD.ConclusionsThe WFIRS‐P is a sensitive and specific measure of the functional impairment associated with ADHD in Iranian children. Our sample was predominantly male, limiting the generalizability of results to females.
Long‐term intellectual and developmental outcomes after pediatric epilepsy surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Stefanos‐Yakoub Ilona , Wingeier Kevin , Held Ulrike , Latal Beatrice , Wirrell Elaine , Smith Mary Lou , Ramantani Georgia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn addition to the primary aim of seizure freedom, a key secondary aim of pediatric epilepsy surgery is to stabilize and, potentially, optimize cognitive development. Although the efficacy of surgical treatment for seizure control has been established, the long‐term intellectual and developmental trajectories are yet to be delineated. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies reporting pre‐ and postsurgical intelligence or developmental quotients (IQ/DQ) of children with focal lesional epilepsy aged ≤18 years at epilepsy surgery and assessed at >2 years after surgery. We determined the IQ/DQ change and conducted a random‐effects meta‐analysis and meta‐regression to assess its determinants. We included 15 studies reporting on 341 patients. The weighted mean age at surgery was 7.1 years (range = .3–13.8). The weighted mean postsurgical follow‐up duration was 5.6 years (range = 2.7–12.8). The overall estimate of the mean presurgical IQ/DQ was 60 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 47–73), the postsurgical IQ/DQ was 61 (95% CI = 48–73), and the change was +.94 IQ/DQ (95% CI = −1.70 to 3.58, p = .486). Children with presurgical IQ/DQ ≥ 70 showed a tendency for higher gains than those with presurgical IQ/DQ < 70 (p = .059). Higher gains were determined by cessation of antiseizure medication (ASM; p = .041), not just seizure freedom. Our findings indicate, on average, stabilization of intellectual and developmental functioning at long‐term follow‐up after epilepsy surgery. Once seizure freedom has been achieved, ASM cessation enables the optimization of intellectual and developmental trajectories in affected children.
Transmembrane α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid receptor regulatory protein expression during the development of absence seizures in genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg
Authors: Casillas‐Espinosa Pablo M. , Lin Runxuan , Li Rui , Powell Kim L. , O'Brien Terence J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe transmembrane α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) regulatory proteins (TARPs), γ2 (stargazin), γ3, γ4, γ5, γ7, and γ8, are a family of proteins that regulate AMPAR trafficking, expression, and biophysical properties that could have a role in the development of absence seizures. Here, we evaluated the expression of TARPs and AMPARs across the development of epilepsy in the genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) model of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) with absence seizures. Pre‐epileptic (7‐day‐old), early epileptic (6‐week‐old), and chronically epileptic (16‐week‐old) GAERS, and age‐matched male nonepileptic control rats (NEC) were used. Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were acquired from the 6‐ and 16‐week‐old animals to quantify seizure expression. Somatosensory cortex (SCx) and whole thalamus were collected from all the animals to evaluate TARP and AMPAR mRNA expression. Analysis of the EEG demonstrated a gradual increase in the number and duration of seizures across GAERS development. mRNA expression of the TARPs γ2, γ3, γ4, γ5, and γ8 in the SCx, and γ4 and γ5 in the thalamus, increased as the seizures started and progressed in the GAERS compared to NEC. There was a temporal association between increased TARP expression and seizures in GAERS, highlighting TARPs as potential targets for developing novel treatments for IGE with absence seizures.
Ultrafast phase‐field model of frequency‐dependent dielectric behavior in ferroelectrics
Authors: Song Yu , Shi Xiaoming , Wang Jing , Huang Houbing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRelaxor ferroelectrics have applications in transducers and capacitors owing to their dielectric relaxation. Although the existence of polar nanoregions (PNRs) inside the relaxor ferroelectrics contributes to enhancing the dielectric response, the dielectric relaxation mechanism remains unclear in the wide frequency range from kHz to THz. In this study, we investigated the frequency‐dependent (103–1012 Hz) dielectric properties using ultrafast phase‐field simulations. The dielectric response is divided into the matrix response, the “collinear” PNR response, and the “non‐collinear” PNR response. Among them, the collinear PNR response accounts for 90% of the dielectric constant enhancement. The response behavior of collinear PNRs has a higher frequency limitation than that of non‐collinear PNRs. The different relaxation times of the collinear PNR lead to a corresponding distinct rotation for the polar vectors. Finally, we investigate the different response behaviors of the polarization in the PNR from the aspect of energy barriers. This study not only promotes the understanding of wide‐range frequency‐dependent dielectric relaxation processes but also guides the design of ultrafast relaxor ferroelectric devices in the future.
Around the EQUATOR with Clin‐STAR: Prediction modeling opportunities and challenges in aging research
Authors: Deardorff W. James , Diaz‐Ramirez L. Grisell , Boscardin W. John , Smith Alexander K. , Lee Sei J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe 2015 Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) Statement was published to improve reporting transparency for prediction modeling studies. The objective of this review is to highlight methodologic challenges that aging‐focused researchers will encounter when designing and reporting studies involving prediction models for older adults and provide guidance for addressing these challenges. In following the 22‐item TRIPOD checklist, researchers must consider the representativeness of cohorts used (e.g., whether older adults with frailty, cognitive impairment, and social isolation were included), strategies for incorporating common geriatric predictors (e.g., age, comorbidities, functional status, and frailty), methods for handling missing data and competing risk of death, and assessment of model performance heterogeneity across important subgroups (e.g., age, sex, race, and ethnicity). We provide guidance to help aging‐focused researchers develop, validate, and report models that can inform and improve patient care, which we label “TRIPOD‐65.”
The effects of fucoidan‐rich polysaccharides extracted from Sargassum horneri on enhancing collagen‐related skin barrier function as a potential cosmetic product
Authors: Kang Jung‐Wook , Hyun Seung Hun , Kim Hyo‐Min , Park Sook‐Young , Lee Jung‐A , Lee In‐Chul , Bae Jong‐Sup 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundSargassum horneri came ashore after flowing from the South China Sea to Jeju Island a few years ago. This caused a significant environmental impact on coastal areas where S. horneri has accumulated because of decomposition and the release of toxic substances, such as hydrogen sulfide.AimsIn this study, we evaluated a biological ingredient prepared from fucoidan‐rich S. horneri and demonstrated its antiwrinkle effects on ultraviolet B (UVB)‐induced fibroblast cells.Materials and MethodsFucoidan samples from S. horneri were prepared according to a previously published process with modifications. The compositional analysis of S. horneri fucoidan extract (SHFE) as well as its effects on antiaging were examined to determine its utility as a functional material.ResultsSHFE exhibited antioxidant properties using 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Treatment of UVB‐induced fibroblasts with SHFE significantly increased the synthesis of procollagen compared with adenosine treatment and inhibited MMP‐1 and MMP‐3 expression. In a clinical study, SHFE lotion improved skin barrier effects in forearms and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) values were reduced after 3 weeks of use compared with a placebo.ConclusionSHFE has utility as an additive with functional antiaging effects for a range of cosmetic products as it restores skin hydration in the epidermal barrier.
From the West to the East: The Spread and Alienation of Fancy‐dress Skating in Modern China
Authors: Li Huang , Liu Zhu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFancy‐dress skating was originally a comprehensive cultural activity integrating entertainment, social contact, and sports, introduced to China from the West in modern times. Since its introduction in China, it has spread widely throughout Beijing, and has undergone considerable variations. Taking Beijing as an example, this study systematically analyses and explains the development and variation of fancy‐dress skating in China which was introduced by the West from the perspectives of public social opinion and organizational participants. Its dissemination and variations are typical examples of cross‐cultural communication of the Western culture in the context of modern Chinese mass communication. It is also the epitome of the diversified interactions between entertainment and society. In modern Chinese history, fancy‐dress skating gradually resonated with historical themes and finally took a new cultural form similar to, but different from what was originally based on the Western contexts.
Fertility, heterogeneity, and the Golden Rule
Authors: Ponthiere Gregory 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAccording to Phelps' Golden Rule, a rise in fertility decreases the optimal capital intensity, because a higher fertility increases the investment required to sustain a given capital intensity (the capital dilution effect). Using a matrix population model embedded in a two‐period overlapping generation setting, we examine the robustness of that relationship to the partitioning of the population into two subpopulations having distinct fertility behaviors and entering the production process as distinct inputs. We show that, unlike what prevails under a homogeneous population, a rise in fertility (caused by a change in type‐specific fertility) does not necessarily reduce the Golden Rule capital intensity. The intuition is that changes in type‐specific fertility modify the composition of the labor force, which affects the marginal productivity of capital and the capital dilution effect. When the composition effect induced by the fertility change outweighs the standard capital dilution effect prevailing under a fixed partition of the population, a rise in fertility increases the optimal capital intensity. These results are robust to a finer description of heterogeneity, that is, a partitioning of the population into a larger number of subpopulations.
The Macroprudential Toolkit: Effectiveness and Interactions
Authors: Millard Stephen , Rubio Margarita , Varadi Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe use a DSGE model with financial frictions and with macroprudential limits on both banks and mortgage borrowers, in the form of capital requirements and maximum debt‐service ratios. We then examine: (i) the impact of different combinations of macroprudential limits on key macroeconomic aggregates; (ii) their interaction with each other and with monetary policy; and (iii) their effects on the volatility of key macroeconomic variables and on welfare. We find that capital requirements on banks are the optimal tool when faced with a financial shock, as they nullify the effects of financial frictions and reduce the effects of the shock on the real economy. Instead, limits on mortgage debt‐service ratios are optimal following a housing demand shock, as they disconnect the housing market from the real economy, reducing the volatility of inflation. Hence, no policy on its own is sufficient to deal with a wide range of shocks.
Evaluation of a new online cognitive remediation therapy (CIRCuiTSTM) training for mental health professionals
Authors: Taylor Rumina , Crowther Adam , Tinch‐Taylor Rose , Lewin Caroline da Cunha , Cali Caterina , Reeder Clare , Cella Matteo , Wykes Til 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveCognitive remediation (CR) improves cognition and aids recovery in people with psychosis. An active therapist provides increased benefit, but CR training for therapists is not routinely available, so CR has limited scalability. This study describes the development and evaluation of the first online CR therapist training programme.MethodsAn online CR training, based on expert and novice therapist consultations, was developed, and then pilot tested with novice trainees and changes made to produce the evaluation version. Feasibility, acceptability, and training benefits were assessed in a group of naïve UK NHS mental health professionals. Training engagement with a group of clinicians who accessed the programme for professional development was compared to those who paid fees.ResultsMost mental health professionals finished training and passed the knowledge test, indicating that training enhanced clinicians' knowledge. Fee‐paying trainees had significantly faster completion times and a higher proportion finished in the recommended time. Those who were successful at passing the knowledge questionnaire had significantly fewer years in practice. The majority were satisfied with the programme, felt they had made considerable progress and that training would allow them to begin practicing CR, and would recommend the training to colleagues.ConclusionsThis online CR training programme was feasible, acceptable to participants and showed benefits for clinicians. It improved knowledge even in the most junior of staff who have had less time to develop clinical know‐how.
Cannibal Maria in the Siege of Jerusalem: New approaches
Authors: Pareles Mo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis essay traces the far‐reaching legend of Maria/Miriam of Bethezuba, sometimes called Mary, Marie, or Marion, a starving Jewish woman who (according to Flavius Josephus'sThe Jewish War) ate her own baby during the 70 CE Roman Siege of Jerusalem. This episode of maternal infanticide and cannibalism under occupation is the culmination of Biblical curses and prophecies, a complicated reference to the Eucharist, and an emblem of Jewish (women's) suffering and culpability across time. It is also a key to Jewish‐Christian arguments about futurity and the writing of history. Scholarly developments in the past decade prompt a new look at this episode. These include research on Greek, Latin, Hebrew, Arabic and other translations of Josephus that demonstrate complex relationships among Jewish, Christian, and Muslim readerships and modern English translations of key Hebrew, Arabic, Ge'ez (Ethiopic), and Middle English versions of the story. This essay provides a brief literary and theological history of Maria's story informed by the new scholarship, with particular attention to medieval Jewish‐Christian relations, and suggests additional directions for research.
Geography in the world part 2: Editorial
Authors: McFarlane Colin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis editorial introduces the second collection of ‘Geography in the World’. It highlights three key concerns raised by the contributors: the tension between conservative and radical approaches; collaborating across the global North–South divide; and diversity in Geography teaching programmes. Building on Part 1, the collection offers a resource for exploring some of the key challenges and opportunities geographers face globally.
Intersections of orbits of self‐maps with subgroups in semiabelian varieties
Authors: Bell Jason , Ghioca Dragos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLet be a semiabelian variety defined over an algebraically closed field , endowed with a rational self‐map . Let and let be a finitely generated subgroup. We show that the set is a union of finitely many arithmetic progressions along with a set of Banach density equal to . In addition, assuming that is regular, we prove that the set must be finite.
Hypoxia sensing in the body: An update on the peripheral and central mechanisms
Authors: Zoccal Daniel B. , Vieira Beatriz N. , Mendes Letícia R. , Evangelista Andressa B. , Leirão Isabela P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn adequate supply of O2 is essential for the maintenance of cellular activity. Systemic or local hypoxia can be experienced during decreased O2 availability or associated with diseases, or a combination of both. Exposure to hypoxia triggers adjustments in multiple physiological systems in the body to generate appropriate homeostatic responses. However, with significant reductions in the arterial partial pressure of O2, hypoxia can be life‐threatening and cause maladaptive changes or cell damage and death. To mitigate the impact of limited O2 availability on cellular activity, O2 chemoreceptors rapidly detect and respond to reductions in the arterial partial pressure of O2, triggering orchestrated responses of increased ventilation and cardiac output, blood flow redistribution and metabolic adjustments. In mammals, the peripheral chemoreceptors of the carotid body are considered to be the main hypoxic sensors and the primary source of excitatory feedback driving respiratory, cardiovascular and autonomic responses. However, current evidence indicates that the CNS contains specialized brainstem and spinal cord regions that can also sense hypoxia and stimulate brain networks independently of the carotid body inputs. In this manuscript, we review the discoveries about the functioning of the O2 chemoreceptors and their contribution to the monitoring of O2 levels in the blood and brain parenchyma and mounting cardiorespiratory responses to maintain O2 homeostasis. We also discuss the implications of the chemoreflex‐related mechanisms in paediatric and adult pathologies.
Evaluación de una mezcla asfáltica utilizando agregados reciclados de concreto. Caso de estudio. Clima de alta temperatura
Authors: Vacca-Gamez Hermes Ariel , Rubio-Tafur José Elvert , Moreno-Chaparro Hernán Camilo , Rondon-Quintana Hugo Alexander 
Published: November 2023

En proyectos de infraestructura vial se explotan y utilizan grandes cantidades de agregados de origen natural (NA) para la conformación de capas asfálticas en estructuras de pavimento. Para disminuir el impacto ambiental negativo que genera esta práctica, estos materiales podrían ser sustituidos por agregados de concreto reciclado (RCA). En el presente estudio se midió y evaluó el cambio que experimenta la rigidez bajo carga cíclica (módulo resiliente – RM) y la resistencia a la deformación permanente de una mezcla de concreto asfáltico (HMA) cuando se sustituye la fracción gruesa (gravas y arenas) de un NA por RCA en proporciones de 20%, 40% y 80 % con respecto a la masa. El RM y la deformación permanente fueron medidos debido a que Colombia es un país donde predomina el clima de alta temperatura, en el cual uno de los principales mecanismos de daño de HMAs es el ahuellamiento. En el presente estudio se reporta un aumento del RM y la resistencia a la deformación permanente de la HMA analizada para cualquier porcentaje de sustitución. Es decir, el uso de RCA como sustituto de NAs podría ser una alternativa sostenible, al mismo tiempo que podría ayudar a incrementar la resistencia al ahuellamiento de HMAs.