bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for a mixed methods process evaluation for a nurse-led model of care (SURC) to support individuals receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy
Authors: Dufton Polly Hypatia , Jarden Rebecca , Mellerick Angela , Down Graeme , Walkley Elizabeth , Naccarella Lucio , Krishnasamy Mei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: The Symptom and Urgent Review Clinic is a nurse-led model of care that has been widely embedded into cancer services across Victoria, Australia. The model was implemented with the primary aim of creating a timely and accessible point of contact for patients and caregivers of patients receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy in the ambulatory setting. Since the initial pilot program to roll out these models in 2018, there are now over 20 Symptom and Urgent Review Clinics across Victoria. This protocol details a study to examine whether the model has achieved its goal of enabling timely access to care, under what conditions, or for what groups of people.
Methods: A mixed-methods process evaluation will be undertaken across seven health services in Victoria, Australia. Drawing upon Levesque’s framework for patient-centred access to health care, access to the Symptom and Urgent Review Clinic by people receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy in the ambulatory setting will be evaluated. Quantitative data will be collected by 1) a prospective cross-sectional survey of patients and caregivers; 2) a prospective cross-sectional survey of nurses working within the Symptom and Urgent Review Clinic; 3) a prospective cross-sectional survey of Nurse Unit Managers of Symptom and Urgent Review Clinics and; 4) a retrospective audit of episodes of care of individuals treated with systemic anti-cancer therapy in the ambulatory setting over a 12-month period, and SURC episodes of care over the same time period. Qualitative data will be collected via 1) semi-structured interviews with patients and their caregivers and 2) focus groups with nurses caring for individuals with cancer. An audit of documentation about the model of care available at each site will also be undertaken. Data will be collected concurrently and synthesised at point of interpretation.
Discussion: The Symptom and Urgent Review Clinic has been implemented to enable timely access to symptom management support for individuals receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy in the ambulatory setting. The results of this evaluation will provide guidance for future program delivery and evidence of how these models of care can be implemented to enable access to timely care.
Prevalence and geographic distribution of Eimeria species on commercial broiler farms in Guangdong, China
Authors: Liao Shenquan , Lin Xuhui , Zhou Qingfeng , Yan Zhuanqiang , Wu Caiyan , Li Juan , Lv Minna , Hu Junjing , Cai Haiming , Song Yongle , Chen Xiangjie , Zhu Yibin , Yin Lijun , Zhang Jianfei , Qi Nanshan , Sun Mingfei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Coccidiosis is one of the most frequently reported disease in chickens, exerting a substantial economic impact on the poultry industry. This study aims to conduct an epidemiological investigation into the occurrence of Eimeria species and associated risk factors under intensive management conditions across four regions in Guangdong province, China.
Results
A total of 394 fecal samples were obtained from 89 broiler chicken farms, culminating in an overall positivity rate of 87.06%. The results showed that the identification of all seven Eimeria species, with E. acervulina (36.29%), E. mitis (35.03%), E. tenella (34.52%) and E. necatrix (30.96%) emerging as the most prevalent species. Remarkably, single-species infections were observed in 42.86% of instances, while two to three species mixed infections were detected in 39.94% of the samples. Moreover, brid age, farming practices, control strategies, farm locations, and the presence of necrotic enteritis (NE) proved significant risk factors. Notably, a strong correlation was observed between brid age, particularly in adult birds, and the occurrence of E. necatrix (p < 0.001). A significant correlation was identified between the infection of E. necatrix or E. acervulina and the presence of NE in flocks (p < 0.001). Flocks from northern Guangdong and Peal River delta displayed higher prevalence of E. necatrix (p < 0.05). Flocks under the control programs incorporating live vaccines correlated strongly with E. tenella–E. brunetti infections (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Molecular analysis undertaken in this study, coupled with the correlation results, furnishes compelling evidence. Nevertheless, it is imperative to underscore the necessity for further surveys to delve deeper into the occurrence of different Eimeria species under intensive management conditions, which will contribute significantly to our knowledge of coccidia control in poultry.
Vegetation Change Detection and Recovery Assessment on Post-fire Satellite Imagery using Deep Learning
Authors: Rajendran R. Shanmuga Priya , K K. Vani 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Wildfire are uncontrolled fires fueled by dry conditions, high winds and flammable materials that tends to have a profound impact on vegetation due to the intense heat generated by it which can cause the destruction of trees, small plants and other vegetation leading to significant consequences including noteworthy changes to ecosystems. Due to the periodic wildfires, vegetation communities in forest systems have changed adaptively to deal with ecological rebuilding. In this study we provide a novel methodology, to understand and evaluate post-fire effects on vegetation. In regions which are affected by wildfire, earth-observation data provided by various satellite sources can be very vital in monitoring vegetation and assessing the effect a wildfire tends to have on it. These effects can be understood by detecting the change of vegetation over years using an unsupervised method termed Deep Embedded Clustering (DEC), which enables us to classify regions on whether there has been a change in vegetation after fire. Appropriate vegetation indices can be used to evaluate evolution of vegetation pattern over the years, for this study we utilized Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) based trend analysis. Vegetation recovery maps can be created to assess re-vegetation in regions affected by fire which is performed via a deep learning based unsupervised method, Adaptive Generative Adversarial Neural Network Model (AdaptiGAN) on postfire data collected from various regions affected by wildfire. Through the results obtained from the study we can arrive at a conclusion that our approach tends to have notable merits when compared to pre-existing works.
Quantitative morphological and histogram characteristics associated with recurrent ischemic stroke after intensive medical therapy: a perspective 6-month follow-up study based on head&amp;neck high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Shi Zhang , Zhang Boyu , Miao Xiyin , Zhang Shujie , Li Jing , Liu Qi , Zeng Mengsu , Lin Jiang , Lu Jianping , Wang He 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Intensive medical management has been recommended to ischemic stroke of intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS), but 9.4–15% probability of recurrent stroke remains an inevitable reality. The characteristics of high-risk intracranial plaque that contribute to stroke recurrence after intensive therapy is unclear. The patients of acute ischemic stroke due to ICAS from two centers were prospectively analyzed, who underwent the 3D head&neck high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (hr-VW-MRI) at baseline and received intensive medical management within 90 days. The morphological features, such as minimal lumen area (MLA), and histogram parameters including entropy were assessed based on hr-VW-MR images. The recurrence of ischemic events after 6 months was defined as hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted images in the ipsilateral vascular territory. 222 patients (age, 59.5 ± 12.1; males, 153) were finally included, and 38 have recurrent stroke after 6 months. After adjusting the age and gender, Cox regression demonstrated that smoking (HR = 4.321; 95%CI, 1.838–10.161; P = 0.001), taking exercise (HR = 0.409; 95%CI, 0.198–0.843; P = 0.015), blood pressure management (HR = 0.180; 95%CI, 0.073–0.443; P = 0.001), MLA (HR = 0.771; 95%CI, 0.625–0.951; P = 0.015) and entropy (HR = 0.274; 95%CI, 0.130–0.576; P = 0.001) were significant predictors of recurrent ischemic stroke. However, the area under curve value of MRI parameters was significantly higher than that of traditional clinical factors (0.859 vs 0.789; P = 0.01). The plaque characteristics based on hr-VW-MRI may provide complementary values over traditional clinical features in predicting ischemic recurrence for ICAS.
Construction and validation of a predictive model for preoperative frailty risk in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Zhang Bingliang , Sun Huihui , lou Lianyu , Zhuang Jinshan , Liu Guofang , Sun Wenjuan , Lin Hui , Wei Lili 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective:
Early frailty detection and tailored interventions to address frailty may increase the survival rate of liver transplant patients during the waiting period and lower infection and death rates following transplantation, with the aim of developing and testing a model to predict the likelihood that a liver transplant recipient would be too weak to undergo surgery.
Methods:
Facilitation of the procedure for patients on the liver transplant waiting list at a tertiary hospital in Qingdao from January 2021 to December 2022 was chosen for the study. The modeling group participants were recruited from January 2021 to June 2022 (258 cases), while the validation group participants were selected from October 2022 to December 2022 (65 instances). A nomogram was created to display the results of the risk prediction model's single-factor and logistic regression studies. The adequacy of the model was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and its ability to make accurate predictions was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results:
The incidence of preoperative frailty in liver transplant recipients was 39.32%. Age (OR = 0.121), serum ALB concentration (OR=-0.586), physical activity (OR=-0.002), depression (OR = 1.055), anxiety (OR = 0.557), and hepatic encephalopathy (OR = 1.731) were risk factors (P < 0.05). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test χ2 = 3.139, P = 0.925 (> 0.05) indicated that the model fit well. The AUC was 0.997, with a 95% CI ranging from 0.992 to 0.998 and P < 0.001. The optimal cutoff value was 0.630, the sensitivity was 0.993, and the specificity was 0.963. The external validation results showed a sensitivity of 0.889, specificity of 0.950, and accuracy of 84.7%.
Conclusion:
This risk prediction model has a high rate of accuracy, making it a useful benchmark for assessing patients' risk of developing postoperative frailty after receiving a liver transplant.
Knocking down of FANCI expression inhibits the biological behavior of glioma and mediates apoptosis by downregulating the Akt/Bcl2 pathway
Authors: Li Hanyun , Wang Mingyao , Liu Yinrui , Liu Jilan , Qin Xianyun , Sun Jikui , Jin Feng , Liu Yan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Previous studies have shown that FANCI has cancer susceptibility, and high expression of FANCI promotes the progression of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and other cancers. However, the potential mechanism of action of FANCI in glioma progression is unclear.
Methods
To explore the role of FANCI in glioma progression, we determined the expression of FANCI in glioma patients and its relationship with prognosis through database analysis and gene chip. And then further conducted in vitro functional experiments (overexpression and knockdown) and in vivo nude mouse xenograft model experiments.
Results
This study found that FANCI was significantly overexpressed in glioma, positively correlated with WHO grade, and closely related to patient prognosis. In vitro functional experiments showed that inhibiting the expression of FANCI could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma and promote apoptosis. At the same time, the nude mouse xenograft model also confirmed that inhibition of FANCI could inhibit glioma in vivo. In addition, the low expression of FANCI inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and the expression of Bcl-2 by western blotting.
Conclusion
FANCI promotes glioma growth and may mediate apoptosis by regulating Akt/Bcl-2. This study preliminarily explored the role of FANCI in glioma growth and provided data support for further application of FANCI in clinical practice.
LncRNA SNHG3 promotes the progression of cholangiocarcinoma by regulating miR-151a-3p/STAT5a axis
Authors: Wei Xiaoping , Cun Dongyun , Yang Danping , Yi Qianyao , Tian Daguang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive malignant adenoma. LncRNA SNHG3 was reported to be a prognostic biomarker for CCA. The aim of this study was to explore the function and potential mechanisms of SNHG3 in CCA.
Methods and Results
Clinical CCA samples were collected to detect SNHG3, miR-151a-3p, and STAT5a levels, and their correlation was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. IHC was used to assess STAT5a expression. CCK-8, TUNEL, wound healing, and transwell assays were used to identify cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Dual-luciferase reporter experiment was conducted to verify the relation between SNHG3 and miR-151a-3p, STAT5a and miR-151a-3p.. SNHG3 and STAT5a levels were significantly up-regulated in CCA tissues and cells, while miR-151a-3p level was down-regulated in CCA tissues and cells. Inhibition of SNHG3 suppressed CCA cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Mechanically, SNHG3 directly targeted miR-151a-3p in CCA, and miR-151a-3p inhibitor reversed the inhibitory roles of inhibition of SNHG3 on the aggressive behaviors of HUCC-T1 cells. Furthermore, STAT5a was identified as a potential target of miR-151a-3p. Functionally, inhibition of STAT5a reversed the roles of inhibition of SNHG3 and miR-151a-3p on CCA cells aggressive behaviors.
Conclusion
SNHG3 promoted the progression of CCA by regulating miR-151a-3p/STAT5a axis, which provided a promising target for CCA treatment.
Estimating carbon stocks and woody perennials diversity in cropland agroforestry practiced at three different land ecosystems in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Kamrul , Roshni Nasima Akther , Akter Rojina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Cropland agroforestry practices are widely adopted over various land ecosystems in Bangladesh, offering the potential to capture carbon (C) and safeguard biodiversity. Lack of accurate assessments of biomass carbon and the diversity of woody perennials in cropland agroforestry practices across different land ecosystems presents a hurdle for the efficient execution of initiatives such as REDD + and comparable mechanisms. The present research sought to estimate biomass carbon stocks and diversity of woody species, exploring the influence of stand structure and diversity indices on these C stocks. We conducted woody perennials’ inventory in 180 sampling quadrates (10 m × 10 m) from cropland agroforestry practices in forest, plain land, and char land ecosystems.
Results
Altogether, we identified 42 woody species; however, the predominant species in three land ecosystems were Acacia auriculiformis, Gmelina arborea, and Tectona grandis. Swietenia macrophylla and Swietenia mahogany contributed the greatest amount of carbon stocks. Carbon stocks in woody perennials were 30–44% higher in plainland and forest land ecosystems compared to the char land ecosystem, attributable to significantly increased stand density, basal area, and diameter. The significantly highest Shannon-Wiener index (2.75) and Margalef’s richness index (3.37) were found in forest land compared to other ecosystems. The highest total carbon stocks (131.27 Mg C ha− 1) of cropland agroforestry were found in the forest land ecosystem, which had the greatest soil organic carbon, density, and richness of woody perennials. A rise in the richness and diversity index of woody species by one unit led to a concurrent increase of 12 and 8 Mg C ha− 1 in carbon stock, respectively.
Conclusions
Cropland agroforestry practices in the forest land ecosystem are more diverse and could sequester more carbon stock than in the other two land ecosystems in Bangladesh. The biomass C stocks of woody species were positively correlated with stand structure and diversity, having the potential to contribute to biodiversity conservation in Bangladesh and other similar countries.
Multi-omics Reveals Uninheritable but Widespread Bacterial Symbiont Mediates Insecticide Detoxification of a New Agricultural Invasive Pest
Authors: Zhang Yunhua , Ju Feng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Host-symbiont co-evolution determines the fitness of holobiont under toxic stress and compensates for enhanced insecticide resistance well noted in many insects. However, the ecological causes and consequences of the symbionts involved in the global invasive success of agricultural pests remain unknown.
Results
Here, we discovered a widespread symbiont Enterococcus casseliflavus EMBL-3 of a significant invasive insect pest, Spodoptera frugiperda. Using multi-omics analysis, we indicated that EMBL-3 enhances host insecticide resistance to chlorantraniliprole by amide bond breaking and dehalogenation-related insecticide degradation. Complying with the increase in exposure risk of chlorantraniliprole, the E. casseliflavus isolates of insects’ symbionts but not those from mammals or environmental strains were notably enriched with putative chlorantraniliprole degradation genes. EMBL-3 widely infected (100%) field populations and can transmit horizontally with high efficiency through cross-diet and cannibalism.
Conclusion
This study revealed that EMBL-3 was an uninheritable but widespread symbiont in S. frugiperda that involved in host resistance by insecticide degradation. The results not only implies that an underlying symbiont-host co-evolution process driven by insecticide pressure might be underway but also provides a novel therapeutic target of agricultural pests based on symbiont-targeted insect control (STIC) for global crop protection.
Prioritizing Susceptibility Genes for the Prognosis of Male-pattern Baldness with Transcriptome-wide Association Study
Authors: Choi Eunyoung , Song Jaeseung , Lee Yubin , Jeong Yeonbin , Jang Wonhee 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Male-pattern baldness (MPB) is the most common cause of hair loss in men. It can be categorized into three types: type 2 (T2), type 3 (T3), and type 4 (T4), with type 1 (T1) being considered normal. Although various MPB-associated genetic variants have been suggested, a comprehensive study for linking these variants to gene expression regulation has not been performed to the best of our knowledge.
Results
In this study, we prioritized MPB-related tissue panels using tissue-specific enrichment analysis and utilized single-tissue panels from genotype-tissue expression version 8, as well as cross-tissue panels from context-specific genetics. Through a transcriptome-wide association study and colocalization analysis, we identified 52, 75, and 144 MPB associations for T2, T3, and T4, respectively. To assess the causality of MPB genes, we performed a conditional and joint analysis, which revealed 10, 11, and 54 putative causality genes for T2, T3, and T4, respectively. Finally, we conducted drug repositioning and identified potential drug candidates that are connected to MPB-associated genes.
Conclusions
Overall, through an integrative analysis of gene expression and genotype data, we have identified robust MPB susceptibility genes that may help uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms and the novel drug candidates that may alleviate MPB.
Seasonal Changes of Mélange Thickness Coincide With
Greenland Calving Dynamics
Authors: Meng Yue , Lai Ching-Yao , Culberg Riley , Shahin Michael , Stearns Leigh , Burton Justin , Nissanka Kavinda 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Iceberg calving is a major contributor to Greenland’s ice mass loss. Ice mélange, tightly packed sea ice and icebergs, has been hypothesized to buttress the calving fronts. However, quantifying the mélange buttressing force from field observations remains a challenge. Here we show that such quantification can be achieved with a single field measurement: thickness of mélange at the glacier terminus. We develop the first three-dimensional discrete element model of m´elange along with a simple analytical model to quantify the mélange buttressing using mélange thickness data from ArcticDEM over 32 Greenland glacier termini. We observed a strong seasonality in mélange thickness: thin mélange (averaged thickness 34+17 −15 m) in summertime when terminus retreats, and thick mélange (averaged thickness 119+31 −37 m) in wintertime when terminus advances. The observed seasonal changes of mélange thickness strongly coincide with observed Greenland calving dynamics and the modeled buttressing effects.
Accuracy of Abott Freestyle Libre versus Dexcom G6 in a patient with pre-diabetes: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Kutoh Eiji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Abbott FreeStyle Libre and Dexcom G6 represent widely employed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems globally. However, their precision remains unexplored concerning postprandial glucose levels in individuals with pre-diabetes following the consumption of diverse dietary regimens. A 58-year-old Japanese man diagnosed with pre-diabetes (postprandial hyperglycemia) underwent simultaneous monitoring using Abbott FreeStyle Libre and Dexcom G6 following the consumption of diverse diets. In the pre-meal state, both systems exhibited comparable and reliable values (around 80–100 mg/dl). However, around 60 minutes following meals containing specific amounts of carbohydrates (approximately above 50 g), FreeStyle Libre demonstrated a more pronounced acceleration in the increase and peak glucose values compared to G6. These discrepancies were further validated through self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) measurements, confirming the less accurate performance of FreeStyle Libre under these conditions. To this end, it appears that fermented products (beans, yogurt, cheese) could suppress postprandial glucose spikes. The study results suggest that, when compared to G6, FreeStyle Libre yielded elevated glucose values and exhibited reduced accuracy in measuring postprandial glucose levels following the ingestion of a specific amount of carbohydrates in individuals with pre-diabetes.