bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prolonged generalized osteomalacia associated with a sinonasal cavity phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor: A case report
Authors: Montazer Mehdi , Meibodi Naser Tayyebi , Teymouri Elmira , Mousavi Zohreh , Reisian Sedigheh , Ebrahimnejad Motahare 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessagePhosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is a rare disorder primarily affecting the extremities. It is notable for its correlation with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia and high FGF23 serum levels, which results in renal phosphate wasting and clinical symptoms associated with low serum phosphorus. We presented a patient with a 5‐year history of progressive osteomalacia who recently experienced a major pathological bone fracture. Laboratory findings showed a persistent low serum phosphate, normal calcium, elevated alkaline phosphatase activity, high parathyroid hormone levels, and increased renal excretion of phosphate. According to ultrasonography and nuclear imaging, there was no evidence of parathyroid adenoma. During further diagnostic assessment, a sinonasal cavity tumor was found and resected. Histologically, the tumor was composed of bland spindle cell proliferation in the background of a calcified matrix with foci of osteoid formation, hemangiopericytoma‐like (HPC‐like) vasculature, and osteoclast‐like giant cells. Tumor cells showed variable positivity for SMA, but CD34, S100, CD99, Melan‐A, p63, and desmin were all nonreactive. Regarding the clinical context, histological and immunohistological findings, a final diagnosis of tumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) secondary to a PMT was made. After surgery, laboratory results returned to normal, clinical symptoms disappeared, and the patient did not experience a recurrence during a six‐month follow‐up.
Structural and electrochemical stabilization enabling high‐energy P3‐type Cr‐based layered oxide cathode for K‐ion batteries
Authors: Ko Wonseok , Lee Seokjin , Park Hyunyoung , Kang Jungmin , Ahn Jinho , Lee Yongseok , Oh Gwangeon , Yoo Jung‐Keun , Hwang Jang‐Yeon , Kim Jongsoon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLayered‐type transition metal (TM) oxides are considered as one of the most promising cathodes for K‐ion batteries because of the large theoretical gravimetric capacity by low molar mass. However, they suffer from severe structural change by de/intercalation and diffusion of K+ ions with large ionic size, which results in not only much lower reversible capacity than the theoretical capacity but also poor power capability. Thus, it is important to enhance the structural stability of the layered‐type TM oxides for outstanding electrochemical behaviors under the K‐ion battery system. Herein, it is investigated that the substitution of the appropriate Ti4+ contents enables a highly enlarged reversible capacity of P3‐type KxCrO2 using combined studies of first‐principles calculation and various experiments. Whereas the pristine P3‐type KxCrO2 just exhibits the reversible capacity of ∼120 mAh g−1 in the voltage range of 1.5–4.0 V (vs. K+/K), the ∼0.61 mol K+ corresponding to ∼150 mAh g−1 can be reversible de/intercalated at the structure of P3‐type K0.71[Cr0.75Ti0.25]O2 under the same conditions. Furthermore, even at the high current density of 788 mA g−1, the specific capacity of P3‐type K0.71[Cr0.75Ti0.25]O2 is ∼120 mAh g−1, which is ∼81 times larger than that of the pristine P3‐type KxCrO2. It is believed that this research can provide an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical performances of the cathode materials suffered by severe structural change that occurred during charge/discharge under not only K‐ion battery system but also other rechargeable battery systems.
Empowering Protein Engineering through Recombination of Beneficial Substitutions
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Li Anni , Li Xiujuan , Cui Haiyang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDirected evolution stands as a seminal technology for generating novel protein functionalities, a cornerstone in biocatalysis, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology. Today, with the development of various mutagenesis methods and advanced analytical machines, the challenge of diversity generation and high‐throughput screening platforms is largely solved, and one of the remaining challenges is: how to empower the potential of single beneficial substitutions with recombination to achieve the epistatic effect. This review overviews experimental and computer‐assisted recombination methods in protein engineering campaigns. In addition, integrated and machine learning‐guided strategies were highlighted to discuss how these recombination approaches contribute to generating the screening library with better diversity, coverage, and size. A decision tree was finally summarized to guide the further selection of proper recombination strategies in practice, which was beneficial for accelerating protein engineering.
Ferrocenyl Dinuclear Gold(I) Complexes. Study of their Structural Features and the Influence of Bridging and Phosphane Ligands in a Catalytic Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Pérez‐Sánchez Juan Carlos , Herrera Raquel P. , Gimeno M. Concepción 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Raquel P. Herrera and M. Concepción Gimeno at the Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (University of Zaragoza‐CSIC). The image depicts the light of the full moon illuminating a bridge between the gold(I) metal centers. Two dragons, symbolizing the use of bridging ligands, confront each other to determine the ultimate victor. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202303585.
Proteomic analysis of horse hair extracts provides no evidence for the existence of a hypoallergenic Curly Horse breed
Authors: Janssen‐Weets Bente , Lesur Antoine , Dittmar Gunnar , Bernardin François , Zahradnik Eva , Raulf Monika , Hentges François , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten , Ollert Markus , Hilger Christiane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe American Bashkir Curly Horse is frequently advertised to horse‐allergic riders and claimed to be a so‐called hypoallergenic breed that elicits fewer symptoms. Previous studies quantifying selected allergens in different breeds did not find a reduced allergen content in Curly Horses. Here, we provide a comprehensive proteomic analysis of horse hair extracts and a molecular analysis of the major allergen Equ c 1 with the aim of identifying differences in the Curly Horse breed that might explain their presumed reduced allergenic potential.MethodsHorse hair extracts were prepared from Curly and American Quarter Horse breeds, separated by gender and castration status, extracts from other breeds served as controls. Extracts and native Equ c 1 (nEqu c 1) were analyzed by mass spectrometry. IgE‐binding capacities of nEqu c 1 and its recombinant variants were tested by ELISA using sera of patients sensitized to horses. Structures and ligand binding abilities were analyzed by computational modeling and fluorescence quenching assays.ResultsAll known respiratory horse allergens are present in hair extracts of Curly and Quarter Horses and share identical allergen‐specific peptides. Lipocalin allergens are the most abundant proteins in horse hair extracts and contain several post‐translational modifications. We identified two new variants of Equ c 1 that have similar IgE‐binding capacities but show structural differences in their binding cavities and altered ligand binding behavior. There are no differences in IgE‐binding of Equ c 1 derived from Curly Horses compared to other horse breeds.ConclusionOur data do not support the claim that Curly Horses are less allergenic than other breeds.
Improvement of amorphous localization algorithm in WSN using ALO and GWO
Authors: Tripathy Pujasuman , Khilar P.M. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe process of node identification is referred to as localization, and it is rapidly gaining popularity in the field of WSN. Different node identification processes have different findings, benefits, challenges, costs, effectiveness, and applications. In this work, the position error of the Amorphous algorithm is minimized by optimizing the hop size. For optimization of the hop size of the Amorphous algorithm, two different optimization algorithms, such as ALO and GWO, are considered. Proposed Amorphous‐ALO and Amorphous‐GWO provide higher accuracy rates of 33.89% and 4.22% than traditional Amorphous as well as ensemble approaches. Amorphous‐ALO and Amorphous‐GWO provide position errors 2.9161 and 2.9164 respectively, which are very similar. Therefore, to determine the suitable optimization algorithm for Amorphous, the minimum, average, and maximum execution times of Amorphous‐ALO and Amorphous‐GWO are considered. The approach that has less execution time is considered as most suitable for Amorphous. Amorphous‐ALO takes 67.76, 69.60 and 84.24 s for minimum, average and maximum execution whereas Amorphous‐GWO takes 65.17, 65.46 and 65.66 s for minimum, average and maximum execution respectively. As Amorphous‐GWO takes less execution time than Amorphous‐ALO; therefore, GWO is more suitable for optimization in Amorphous algorithm.
Wetlands as a potential multifunctioning tool to mitigate eutrophication and brownification
Authors: Borgström Anna , Hansson Lars‐Anders , Klante Clemens , Sjöstedt Johanna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEutrophication and brownification are ongoing environmental problems affecting aquatic ecosystems. Due to anthropogenic changes, increasing amounts of organic and inorganic compounds are entering aquatic systems from surrounding catchment areas, increasing both nutrients, total organic carbon (TOC), and water color with societal, as well as ecological consequences. Several studies have focused on the ability of wetlands to reduce nutrients, whereas data on their potential to reduce TOC and water color are scarce. Here we evaluate wetlands as a potential multifunctional tool for mitigating both eutrophication and brownification. Therefore, we performed a study for 18 months in nine wetlands allowing us to estimate the reduction in concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), TOC and water color. We show that wetland reduction efficiency with respect to these variables was generally higher during summer, but many of the wetlands were also efficient during winter. We also show that some, but not all, wetlands have the potential to reduce TOC, water color and nutrients simultaneously. However, the generalist wetlands that reduced all four parameters were less efficient in reducing each of them than the specialist wetlands that only reduced one or two parameters. In a broader context, generalist wetlands have the potential to function as multifunctional tools to mitigate both eutrophication and brownification of aquatic systems. However, further research is needed to assess the design of the generalist wetlands and to investigate the potential of using several specialist wetlands in the same catchment.
Diffusion properties of buoyant particle cluster in open channel flow with emergent rigid vegetation
Authors: Xiaoguang Liu , Yuhong Zeng , Jiasheng Wang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConvection and diffusion processes of buoyant organisms are of great significance to ecological restoration or the restoration of the riparian and wetland system. Advection–diffusion models have been widely applied to describe the transport of particles through vegetation, assuming that the particle transport is driven by the mean flow, but few studies have been conducted on the diffusion process while considering the retention time. The authors conducted flume experiments of four runs with different vegetative densities and extracted and analysed the longitudinal moving and lateral oscillation trajectories of buoyant particles. The trapping and releasing mechanisms of buoyant particles due to capillary force were explored, and a dimensionless parameter is defined to reflect the effect of the physical properties of stems and particles on the retention time. The retention time of trapping events due to the capillary force between particles and the stem has been proven to follow a three‐parameter double exponential distribution, the duration time of both short and long retention events increases with the bulk flow velocity, and the proportion of long trapping events decreases with the increasing bulk flow velocity. The diffusion coefficient of buoyant particles is validated independently from the vegetative densities, increases with the flow velocity, and is approximately 100 times that of the solute in the flow through emergent vegetation under similar condition.
Prognostic effect of systematic geriatric assessment on patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Aguilar‐Iglesias Lara , Merino‐Merino Ana , Sanchez‐Corral Ester , Garcia‐Sanchez Maria‐Jesus , Santos‐Sanchez Isabel , Dominguez‐Calvo Jesus , Saez‐Maleta Ruth , Perez‐Rivera Jose‐Angel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsFrailty and dependence are frequent in patients admitted for acute heart failure (AHF), but their prognostic significance is unknown, especially in young adults. We aimed to study in adults admitted for AHF, regardless of age, the effect of frailty and dependence on the incidence of mortality and a combined event of mortality, readmissions for AHF, and visits to the emergency room (ER) for AHF at 1 and 6 months.Methods and resultsWe designed a prospective cohort study by including all the patients with AHF admitted in our Cardiology Department from July 2020 through May 2021. A multidimensional geriatric assessment was performed during the admission. We clinically followed up the patients 6 months after discharge. We enrolled 202 patients. The mean age was 73 ± 12.32 years, and 100 (49.5%) of the patients were elderly (>75 years). Just 78 patients (38.6%) were women, and 100 (49.5%) had previous HF. Frailty (FRAIL ≥ 3) was observed in 68 (33.7%) patients (mean FRAIL score: 1.88 ± 1.48). Dependence (Barthel < 100) was observed in 65 (32.2%) patients (mean Barthel index: 94.38 ± 11.21). Frailty and dependence showed a significant association with both prognostic events at 1 and 6 months. In the multivariable analysis, frailty was associated with higher mortality at 1 month [hazard ratio (HR) 12.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.57–101.47, P = 0.017] but not at 6 months (HR 2.25, 95% CI 0.61–8.26, P = 0.224) or with the combined endpoint at neither 1 month (HR 1.64, 95% CI 0.54–5.03, P = 0.384) nor 6 months (HR 1.35, 95% CI 0.75–2.46, P = 0.320). Dependence was related to higher mortality at 1 month (HR 13.04, 95% CI 1.62–104.75, P = 0.016) and 6 months (HR 7.18, 95% CI 1.99–25.86, P = 0.003) and to higher incidence of the combined event at 1 month (HR 5.93, 95% CI 1.63–21.50, P = 0.007) and 6 months (HR 2.62, 95% CI 1.49–4.61, P = 0.001).ConclusionsIn AHF patients, frailty and dependence implied a worse prognosis, rising mortality, readmissions, and ER visits for AHF.
Factors Influencing the Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Chloromethylene‐γ‐butyrolactones
Authors: Yao Biao , Xiong Wenfang , Jin Yangbin , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstractα‐Methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone is an important skeleton in many natural products and pharmaceuticals. The factors influencing the palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of α‐chloromethylene‐γ‐butyrolactones were investigated, including ligands, additives, the chlorine source, temperature, and solvents. We found that the reaction had broad substrate scope for the synthesis of the corresponding chiral products when the ligand, chlorine source and additives were optimized. The results will improve the catalytic synthesis of chiral α‐chloromethylene‐γ‐butyrolactones.
Knowledge on relative energy deficiency in sport among physiotherapists and physicians
Authors: Verhoef Saskia J. , Wielink Merel C. , Achterberg Edwin A. , Bongers Marlies Y. , Goossens Simone M. T. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRelative energy deficiency in sport (RED‐S) refers to an impaired physiological functioning caused by low energy availability in both male and female athletes. It may affect many physiological processes, causing, among others, stress fractures and disturbed menstrual cycles. Athletes may present these symptoms to different health care workers. The purpose of this research was to investigate the awareness and knowledge of physiotherapists, general practitioners, gynaecologists, sports physicians and orthopaedic surgeons on RED‐S. An online questionnaire on awareness and knowledge of RED‐S was developed for the above‐mentioned health experts. A total number of 799 respondents were included for analysis, and 22.0% of the respondents had heard of the existence of RED‐S. The highest percentage was reported by sports physicians (92.9%) and the lowest among general practitioners (10.1%). Sports physicians scored highest on knowledge questions about RED‐S with a mean score of 8.9, and physiotherapists scored lowest with a mean score of 5.7. Of all respondents, 57.6% reported feeling competent discussing possible underlying problems of RED‐S and 7.4% felt qualified treating RED‐S. Of the responding gynaecologists, 46.6% would suggest starting oral contraception when presented a patient with symptoms of RED‐S, thereby only masking the symptoms of amenorrhoea but not treating the underlying cause: a low energy availability. This research reports a low awareness and knowledge among participating physiotherapists, general practitioners, gynaecologists and orthopaedic surgeons on RED‐S. Therefore, further education for these specialists on this topic is needed, since most athletes will initially consult these health care providers first.
A novel periodized high‐repetition giant‐set resistance and high‐intensity interval training effects on the metabolic and pro‐inflammatory parameters in long‐ and short‐term overweight men
Authors: Nikseresht Mahmoud , Nikseresht Mehdi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study compared the capacity of high‐repetition giant‐set resistance training (HGRT) and high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) to decline C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)‐6, soluble IL‐6 receptor (SIL‐6R), IL‐18, and insulin resistance markers in long‐ (5–10 years) and short‐term (1–4 years) overweight men. Another purpose was to compare these markers between the two populations. Firstly, eligible participants were matched based on age, body mass index, and aerobic fitness and then divided into a long‐ (n = 37) or short‐term (n = 32) overweight population. After that, the participants in each category were randomly assigned to HGRT (2 giant sets of 4‐exercise × 2 circuits at 30%–50% of one‐repetition maximum with a novel periodization), HIIT (4‐set × 4‐min of running at 80%–90% of HRmax), and control (CON, non‐exercising) groups. The well‐balanced training programs were performed in three weekly sessions for 12 weeks. This study showed that individuals with a longer history of being overweight have elevated baseline concentrations of CRP, SIL‐6R, and IL‐18 (all, p ≤ 0.04, effect size [ES] ≥0.65). Both training programs led to a similar reduction in insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance versus CON (all p ≤ 0.03, ES ≥ 0.49) regardless of the duration of being overweight, although SIL‐6R was significantly reduced after HIIT versus pretest (both, p ≤ 0.03, ES = 0.17). The two exercises caused a significant decline in IL‐18 in the long‐term population versus CON, while HIIT was the only program that decreased CRP (all, p ≤ 0.04, 0.21 ≤ ES ≤ 0.34). Thus, it seems that overweight history plays a crucial role in deteriorating some of the biomarkers, and the two exercises have greater potential to attenuate IL‐18. However, HIIT might have a greater anti‐inflammatory effect (as indicated by CRP and SIL‐6R) than HGRT.
Benefits of resistance training are not preserved after cessation of supervised training in prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Houben Lisanne H. P. , Overkamp Maarten , Senden Joan M. G. , van Roermund Joep G. H. , de Vries Peter , de Laet Kevin , van der Meer Saskia , van Loon Luc J. C. , Beelen Milou , Beijer Sandra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResistance exercise training is effective to counteract the adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on body composition, muscle mass and leg strength in prostate cancer patients (PCa). However, it is unknown whether these effects can be autonomously maintained after cessation of the supervised program. Sixty‐eight PCa patients on ADT were included. The exercise intervention group (EX, n = 37) performed 20 weeks of supervised resistance exercise training. Thereafter, patients were advised to autonomously continue exercise training. The control group (CON, n = 31) only received usual care. Outcome measures were compared between baseline and after 1 year. Changes during the intervention (baseline vs. 20 weeks) and follow‐up period (20 weeks vs. 1 year) were descriptively explored. In EX, 83% reported to have continued exercise training themselves. After 1 year, fat mass gains were attenuated in EX compared to CON (1.2 ± 2.6 and 2.8 ± 1.9 kg, respectively; time × treatment effect p = 0.032). The fat percentage increased, and lean mass and quadriceps muscle cross‐sectional area decreased over time, with no differences between groups (overall 1.6 ± 2.1%, −0.7 ± 2.3 kg and −2.2 ± 2.9 cm2, respectively; time effects, all p < 0.05). For muscle strength, an increase of ∼5% in EX was observed, significantly different from the ∼10% decrease in CON (p < 0.001). Subsequent analyses showed that the initial exercise training‐obtained gains in lean mass, muscle mass and strength in EX compared to CON, declined during the follow‐up period. In conclusion, PCa patients on ADT are not capable to autonomously maintain the exercise‐obtained gains of a 20‐week supervised training program over a subsequent 1‐year period.
Effects of combined interventions to optimize performance during high‐intensity exercise in trained individuals
Authors: Beltrami Fernando G. , Hanselmann Linus , Spengler Christina M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDifferent interventions can independently improve athletic performance via different central or peripheral mechanisms, but little is known about their potential combination. We tested the effects of seven combined interventions (enhanced recovery package [ERP]) on performance during intermittent high‐intensity cycling compared with placebo. Sixteen trained men (maximal power output: 5.0 ± 0.5 W･kg−1) completed six 30‐s cycling sprints with 3‐min breaks in‐between under ERP, placebo, and control conditions. The ERP combined neck cooling, carbohydrate and caffeine mouth rinsing, carbohydrate and water ingestion, hyperventilation, hyperoxia, and potentiation maneuvers. Power output, heart rate, blood lactate concentration, rate of perceived exertion, and gas exchange were compared between the ERP and placebo conditions. Mean power output was higher during ERP compared with placebo (570 ± 74 W vs. 560 ± 71 W, p < 0.001, dz = 1.15). Heart rate was higher (+3 ± 4 bpm, p = 0.012) during ERP, as was breathing frequency (+2.4 ± 4.0 breaths･min−1, p = 0.028) and respiratory exchange ratio (+0.12 ± 0.06, p < 0.001). Oxygen uptake was 80 ± 109 mL･min−1 lower (p = 0.013) for ERP. No differences were found with regards to the rate of perceived exertion or blood lactate concentration. Performance gains with ERP were small in magnitude but consistent across individuals. The ERP might have prevented a loss of aerobic efficiency or increased reliance on anaerobic energy. Testing combined interventions might increase the chances to see beyond daily variability in practice.