bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic structure calculations for 2‐D quantum dots and laterally coupled quantum dot molecules in magnetic fields
Authors: Saarikoski H. , Puska M. J. , Nieminen R. M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractWe computed the electronic structure of a circular parabolically confined 2‐D quantum dot and a quantum dot molecule in an external magnetic field. The modeled systems are a single six‐electron quantum dot and a quantum dot molecule comprising two one‐electron dots. The calculations were done in real space using current and spin density functional theory. The results are compared to those obtained by the quantum Monte Carlo method. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 91: 490–497, 2003
Structure and stability of [C2H4N]+ singlet‐state cations: Comparison between DFT and high‐level ab initio calculations
Authors: Corral Inés , Mó Otilia , Yáñez Manuel 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe stationary points of the [C2H4N]+ singlet potential energy surface have been characterized by means of B3LYP/6‐311+G(3df,2p) and G2(MP2) approaches. A comparison between both sets of results shows that, although both methods yield similar values for the relative stability of the local minima, they differ significantly regarding the stability of some transition states, in particular those corresponding to 1,3‐H shift processes. This implies that the dynamics of the corresponding reaction may exhibit substantial differences if based on B3LYP or high‐level ab initio potential surfaces. The attachment of N+ to the CC bond of ethylene is preceded by a charge transfer and, as a consequence, a symmetry breaking problem arises. Our results show that inclusion of high‐order correlation contributions through the participation of triple excitations may be crucial. The B3LYP method is not a good alternative to treat this problem due to the spin contamination of the unrestricted treatment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003
Examining the Effectiveness of a Community‐Based Self‐Help Program to Increase Women's Readiness for Smoking Cessation
Authors: Turner Lindsey R. , Morera Osvaldo F. , Johnson Timothy P. , Crittenden Kathleen S. , Freels Sally , Parsons Jennifer , Flay Brian , Warnecke Richard B. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThis study investigated the effectiveness of two components of a smoking cessation intervention: a reading manual and a series of televised programs. Female smokers in the Chicago metropolitan area with a high school education or less were interviewed at 4 different times: baseline, immediate postintervention, and 6 and 12 months. We examined the effects of several baseline measures (race, age, number of cigarettes smoked, and stage of readiness to change) and exposure to the intervention components on subsequent stage of change. Race, baseline smoking rate, baseline stage, and exposure to both intervention components had direct effects on stage at immediate postintervention, with both intervention components increasing readiness to quit. Furthermore, exposure to the manual interacted with baseline stage, such that the manual benefited women at earlier stages more than women at later stages. Effects of both components were sustained at 6 months, and the effects of the manual were sustained at 12 months.
Propionic acidaemia with basal ganglia stroke: Treatment of acute extrapyramidal symptoms with L‐DOPA
Authors: Burlina A. P. , Baracchini C. , Carollo C. , Burlina A. B. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractA 15‐year‐old male with propionic acidaemia developed neurological complications secondary to basal ganglia involvement. Treatment with L‐DOPA had a positive effect on his extrapyramidal syndrome.
Lethal neonatal presentation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency
Authors: Invernizzi F. , Burlina A. B. , Donadio A. , Giordano G. , Taroni F. , Garavaglia B. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractA neonate subsequently diagnosed with carnitine palmitoyl‐transferase I deficiency died at 34 h of untreatable bradycardia. There was fatty infiltration of the liver and increased free carnitine and reduced acylcarnitines in the blood.
The clinically variable R40H mutant ornithine carbamoyltransferase shows cytosolic degradation of the precursor protein in CHO cells
Authors: Mavinakere M. , Morizono H. , Shi D. , Allewell N. M. , Tuchman M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractOrnithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT) deficiency is now frequently found in adults with hyperammonaemia affected by mutations that cause partial deficiency of this urea cycle enzyme. One of these mutations (R40H) has occurred in several families and has been found also in asymptomatic relatives. To better understand the phenotypic heterogeneity of this recurrent mutation, we investigated the biological properties of the mutant protein. Using 35S labelling, the import and processing of the R40H mutant OCT protein was investigated in intact CHO cells and in isolated rat liver mitochondria and compared to the wild type and R141Q mutant that causes complete enzyme deficiency. The R40H OCT protein seems to be imported and processed by the mitochondria in a manner similar to that of wild type. However, it is consistently degraded to a smaller fragment in the intact cells, unlike the wild type and R141Q mutant. The mature form of the enzyme is not susceptible to degradation. These data, obtained in CHO cells, suggest that deficiency in OCT enzymatic function conferred by the R40H mutation is likely caused by enhanced degradation of the preprotein in the cytosol. We propose therefore that variation in the rate of OCT turnover is responsible for the heterogeneity of the clinical phenotype in these patients.
Vorticity–velocity formulation of the 3D Navier–Stokes equations in cylindrical co‐ordinates
Authors: Hansen Martin O. L. , Sørensen Jens Nørkær , Shen Wen Zhong 
Published: December 2002

AbstractA finite difference method is presented for solving the 3D Navier–Stokes equations in vorticity–velocity form. The method involves solving the vorticity transport equations in ‘curl‐form’ along with a set of Cauchy–Riemann type equations for the velocity. The equations are formulated in cylindrical co‐ordinates and discretized using a staggered grid arrangement. The discretized Cauchy–Riemann type equations are overdetermined and their solution is accomplished by employing a conjugate gradient method on the normal equations. The vorticity transport equations are solved in time using a semi‐implicit Crank–Nicolson/Adams–Bashforth scheme combined with a second‐order accurate spatial discretization scheme. Special emphasis is put on the treatment of the polar singularity. Numerical results of axisymmetric as well as non‐axisymmetric flows in a pipe and in a closed cylinder are presented. Comparison with measurements are carried out for the axisymmetric flow cases. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anisotropy and depth‐related heterogeneity of hydraulic conductivity in a bog peat. I: laboratory measurements
Authors: Beckwith Clive W. , Baird Andrew J. , Heathwaite A. Louise 
Published: December 2002

AbstractAnisotropy and heterogeneity of hydraulic conductivity (K) are suspected of greatly affecting rates and patterns of ground‐water seepage in peats. A new laboratory method, termed here the modified cube method, was used to measure horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kh and Kv) of 400 samples of bog peat. The new method avoids many of the problems associated with existing field and laboratory methods, and is shown to give relatively precise measurements of K. In the majority of samples tested, Kh was much greater than Kv, indicating that the bog peat was strongly anisotropic. Log10Kh, log10Kv, and log10 (Kh/Kv) were found to vary significantly with depth, although none of the relationships was simple. We comment on the scale dependency of our measurements. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structures and vibrations of V3O and V3O−: A density functional study
Authors: Calaminici Patrizia , Köster Andreas M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractDensity functional calculations of neutral and anionic vanadium trimer monoxide are presented. The calculations were of all‐electron type, employing a newly developed basis set for the vanadium atom. Different isomers of V3O and V3O− were studied to determine the ground‐state structures. For both systems, a planar C2v structure with an edge‐bound oxygen atom was found as ground state. Equilibrium‐structure parameters, harmonic frequencies, adiabatic electron affinity and Kohn–Sham orbital diagrams are reported. The calculated values are in good agreement with the available experimental data obtained from negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy. The correlation diagram between the neutral and anionic V3O shows that, in agreement with the experimental prediction, the extra electron in the anionic system occupies a nonbonding orbital. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003
Robust nonlinear ship course‐keeping control by H∞ I/O linearization and μ‐synthesis
Authors: Hu Shr‐Shiung , Yang Pao‐Hwa , Juang J. Y. , Chang B. C. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractIn this paper, the H∞ input/output (I/O) linearization formulation is applied to design an inner‐loop nonlinear controller for a nonlinear ship course‐keeping control problem. Due to the ship motion dynamics are non‐minimum phase, it is impossible to use the ordinary feedback I/O linearization to resolve. Hence, the technique of H∞ I/O linearization is proposed to obtain a nonlinear H∞ controller such that the compensated nonlinear system approximates the linear reference model in I/O behaviour. Then a μ‐synthesis method is employed to design an outer‐loop robust controller to address tracking, regulation, and robustness issues. The time responses of the tracking signals for the closed‐loop system reveal that the overall robust nonlinear controller is able to provide robust stability and robust performance for the plant uncertainties and state measurement errors. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical and molecular studies of mitochondrial disease
Authors: Goto Y. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractOur knowledge of mitochondrial disorders has expanded enormously through advances in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) research during the last decade. This has also provided information about the complicated genotype–phenotype relationship based on distinct characteristics of mtDNA itself. These include multicopy, vulnerability to the mutation, and cytoplasmic inheritance. There are complications of heteroplasmy, tissue/cell specificity, accumulation of mutations and material inheritance.
Social Embeddedness and Psychological Well‐Being Among African Americans and Whites
Authors: Snowden Lonnie R. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractUsing data from the National Medical Expenditure Survey, a household survey of more than 18,000 respondents, this study examined racial and gender differences in social embeddedness, an indicator of community well‐being and social support. The study hypothesized that higher levels of social embeddedness would be found among African Americans than among Whites and that the association between social embeddedness and psychological well‐being would be stronger among African Americans than among Whites. African American men reported themselves more socially embedded overall than White men and, in one instance, their social involvement was especially important in predicting psychological well‐being. African American women were more likely than White women to report attending meetings of churches and community groups, but otherwise were less socially involved than White women. There was no evidence of a difference between African American and White women in strength of the connection between social embeddedness and psychological well‐being. African American social involvement is more selective than previously believed and generalizations must be qualified on the basis of gender.
Assessment of exposure to political violence and other potentially traumatizing events. A critical review
Authors: Netland Marit 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThis paper focuses on the common use of internal‐consistency reliability, testretest, and interrater correlations based on counts of events, events sampling, and factor‐analytic techniques in assessment of exposure to political violence and other potentially traumatizing events. The author attributes the continued use of these strategies to a tendency among researchers to identify items from conventional events lists as effect indicators. Through a discussion of four alternative measurement models, the rationale is provided for the proposition that exposure to political violence and similar constructs should be treated as composite variables with causal indicators, rather than as latent variables with effect indicators.
Decreased half‐life of insulin‐like growth factor I in Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome
Authors: Longo N. , Singh R. , Elsas L. J. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractRabson–Mendenhall syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder of insulin signalling caused by mutations in the insulin receptor gene. Affected patients are insensitive to exogenous insulin. Insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I), whose receptor is similar to the one for insulin and is not impaired in this condition, is not always effective in these patients. To understand the reason for this failure, IGF‐I concentrations were measured in a patient after subcutaneous injection of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg of rhIGF‐I. IGF‐I concentrations increased only transiently because of the short half‐life (1.3–3 h, compared to a normal range of 17–22 h). No correlation was found between IGF‐I concentrations and glucose or insulin concentrations. The short half‐life of IGF‐I may contribute to treatment failure in patients with inherited insulin‐resistant syndromes.
Mutation analysis in Turkish patients with hereditary fructose intolerance
Authors: Dursun A. , Kalkanoğlu H. S. , Coşkun T. , Tokatli A. , Bittner R. , Koçak N , Yüce A. , Ozalp I. , Boehme H.‐J. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThirteen Turkish patients with hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) were screened for the three common mutations, A149P, A174D and N334K, in the aldolase B gene that have been detected frequently in European population. We found that nine of the patients carry the A149P mutation in both alleles, which corresponds to a frequency of about 55%. Single‐strand conformation analysis of all coding exons of the gene was also performed to detect unknown mutations in four patients not carrying the three common mutations. No aberrant migration patterns were observed in these patients.
Lessons learned from the development of enzyme therapy for Gaucher disease
Authors: Barranger J. A. , O'Rourke E. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractEnzyme replacement therapy for the lysosomal storage disorders derives its impetus from the successes achieved in the treatment of Gaucher disease. After nearly two decades of persistent but unsuccessful efforts, the promise of therapy through enzyme replacement was losing credibility. Then, the fortunate intersection of two different lines of scientific research produced the necessary breakthrough. The dramatic responses to enzyme replacement therapy in patients with Gaucher disease made it immediately clear that this treatment approach was a success. Furthermore, the large number of patients with the disorder guaranteed commercial involvement. The lessons learned from the development of enzyme replacement therapy for Gaucher disease are broadly applicable to other lysosomal storage diseases and will be reviewed in this paper.
Facilitating Interorganizational Collaboration: The Contributions of Interorganizational Alliances
Authors: Foster-Fishman Pennie G. , Salem Deborah A. , Allen Nicole A. , Fahrbach Kyle 
Published: December 2002

AbstractIn an attempt to promote service delivery integration and improve interorganizational collaboration, many recent human service delivery initiatives have included the development of interorganizational alliances such as coalitions and coordinating councils. Despite their popularity, little is known about how these alliances influence interorganizational collaboration, specifically the extent to which they alter the interactions among human service delivery organizations. The present study examined the interorganizational interactions, specifically the exchange relationships, within one county that was implementing two interorganizational alliances—a countywide coordinating council and interagency service delivery teams. Membership on both alliances was associated with broader interorganizational exchange networks. Organizations involved in a coordinating council were more likely to be included in client, information, and resource exchanges, and participate in joint ventures with a broader range of organizations. Providers involved in interagency teams also exchanged clients and information with a broader sector of service delivery organizations than nonparticipating providers. Observational data suggested that both alliances created structures and processes intended to facilitate interorganizational exchanges. Together, these results suggest that the development of opportunities for and encouragement of staff and leader involvement in these types of alliances may be an important part of our attempt to create a more integrated social service delivery system. The implications of these findings for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
Community‐Based Interventions to Reduce Low Income, African American Women's Risk of Sexually Transmitted Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Three Theoretical Models
Authors: St. Lawrence Janet S. , Wilson Tracey E. , Eldridge Gloria D. , Brasfield Ted L. , O'Bannon Robert E. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractA community‐based sample of disadvantaged African American women (n = 445) was recruited to participate in 1 of 3 theoretically driven experimental interventions based on either the theory of gender and power, social learning theory, or cognitive behavioral theory. Intervention outcomes were compared with a waiting list control condition. From baseline to postintervention, women in the experimental interventions showed differential change on cognitive indices (knowledge and attitudes) and skill acquisition (partner negotiation skills, correct condom application, lubricant selection, and information‐provision to social networks) whereas control participants were unchanged. Women in the 3 experimental interventions also completed follow‐up assessments for 1 year following the interventions. In all 3 experimental conditions, condom use increased relative to the control group and there were no differences between the experimental interventions. Women who participated in one of the theoretically grounded interventions continued to increase condom use over the following year. Women entering new relationships reported significantly more condom use than did women who remained in ongoing relationships. The findings suggest that intervention models that have proven effective for women who engage in high‐risk behavior may be less effective for women in established relationships for whom risk is primarily derived from the extrarelationship behavior of their partners.
A Case Study of the Implementation of Outcomes‐Based Funding Within a Local United Way System: Some Implications for Practicing Community Psychology
Authors: Julian David A. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThis case study provides an overview of significant organizational change within the United Way system in Franklin County/Columbus, Ohio. Franklin County is a major urban center with a population approaching 1 million. The implementation of outcomes‐based funding proved to be a critical factor that served to promote change within the local United Way system. Adoption of outcomes‐based funding principles resulted in significant shifts in United Way funding and major policy changes. A chronology of events and stakeholder reactions over a multiyear period are reviewed. The implications of this effort to initiate major, system‐level change for the practice of community psychology are discussed.
Posttraumatic stress disorder in a general psychiatric inpatient population
Authors: McFarlane Alexander C. , Bookless Clara , Air Tracy 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThis study examined the incidence of traumatic experiences and prevalence of lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of 141 general hospital psychiatric inpatients. Sixty‐one percent of the patients reported at least one traumatic event during their lifetime and 28% met the formal DSM‐III‐R criteria for a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD. A high degree of comorbidity between PTSD and other psychiatric disorders was found, but PTSD was the incident disorder in at least 50% of cases. The experience of trauma and its associated complex patterns of symptomatology suggest that PTSD complicates the process of recovery from another disorder.
Consistency of self‐reports of traumatic events in a population of Dutch peacekeepers: Reason for optimism?
Authors: Bramsen Inge , Dirkzwager Anja J. E. , van Esch Suzanne C. M. , van der Ploeg Henk M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractDoubts have been raised concerning the reliability and the validity of self‐reports of traumatic events. A correlation between the number of inconsistencies in self‐reports and the level of PTSD symptoms has been found. We examine whether these results can be generalized to a population of 137 Dutch peacekeepers who took part in operation UNTAC (United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia). The peacekeepers completed a 16‐item trauma checklist, 3 and 4 years after their return from UNTAC. The test‐retest reliability of the trauma checklist was adequate. Inconsistencies were randomly divided over all respondents and all items and were not correlated with symptoms of PTSD. No increase in the number of reported events over time was found. Earlier findings raising doubts concerning the reliability and validity of self‐report measures of exposure were not replicated in this sample of Dutch peacekeepers.
“Transcend”: Initial outcomes from a posttraumatic stress disorder/substance abuse treatment program
Authors: Donovan Beverly , Padin‐Rivera Edgardo , Kowaliw Sean 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThis paper describes the development of a comprehensive treatment program for combat veterans diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance abuse (SA). Outcome data are presented on 46 male patients who completed treatment between 1996 and 1998. The treatment approach, defined by a detailed manual, integrates elements of cognitive‐behavioral skills training, constructivist theory approaches, SA relapse prevention strategies, and peer social support into a group‐focused program. The Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) were used to assess treatment effectiveness at discharge and 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up. Significant symptom changes revealed on CAPS and ASI scores at discharge and follow‐up are analyzed. Discussion focuses on hypotheses regarding treatment effectiveness, study limitations, and suggestions for further research.