bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing drilling noise in rotational atherectomy: Improving safety and effectiveness through visualization and anomaly detection using autoencoder—A preclinical study
Authors: Komiyama Hidenori , Abe Takuro , Ando Toshiyuki , Ishikawa Masahiro , Tanaka Shinji , Ishihara Shiro , Inoue Yoshiro , Jujo Kentaro , Hamatani Takeshi , Matsukage Takashi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAs the population of aging societies continues to grow, the prevalence of complex coronary artery diseases, including calcification, is expected to increase. Rotational atherectomy (RA) is an essential technique for treating calcified lesions. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of the drilling noise produced during rotablation as a parameter for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of the procedure.MethodsA human body model mimicking calcified stenotic coronary lesions was constructed using plastic resin, and burrs of sizes 1.25 and 1.5 mm were utilized. To identify the noise source during rotablation, we activated the ROTAPRO™ rotablator at a rotational speed of 180,000 rpm, recording the noise near the burr (inside the mock model) and advancer (outside). In addition to regular operation, we simulated two major complications: burr entrapment and guidewire transection. The drilling noise recorded in Waveform Audio File Format files was converted into spectrograms for analysis and an autoencoder analyzed the image data for anomalies.ResultsThe drilling noise from both inside and outside the mock model was predominantly within the 3000 Hz frequency domain. During standard operation, intermittent noise within this range was observed. However, during simulated complications, there were noticeable changes: a drop to 2000 Hz during burr entrapment and a distinct squealing noise during guidewire transection. The autoencoder effectively reduced the spectrogram data into a two‐dimensional representation suitable for anomaly detection in potential clinical applications.ConclusionBy analyzing drilling noise, the evaluation of procedural safety and efficacy during RA can be enhanced.
Minority stressors, traumatic events, and associations with mental health and school climate among gender and sexuality diverse young people in Australia: Findings from a nationally representative cohort study
Authors: Bailey Sasha , Newton Nicola , Perry Yael , Davies Cristyn , Lin Ashleigh , Marino Jennifer L. , Skinner Rachel S. , Grummitt Lucinda , Barrett Emma 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPopulation‐level, nationally representative data on the prevalence of minority stressors and traumatic events, mental ill‐health effects, and the preventative utility of school climate, among gender and sexuality diverse young people in Australia, is significantly lacking. In this study, we estimated the prevalence and distribution of minority stressors and traumatic events among young people by sexuality identity (gay/lesbian, bisexual, other sexuality, heterosexual), sexuality diversity (sexuality diverse, not sexuality diverse), and gender identity (transgender, cisgender) and assessed associations with mental ill‐health and the moderating role of school climate factors.MethodsUsing Wave 8 (2018) follow‐up data from a population‐level, nationally representative longitudinal cohort study, the sample comprised 3037 young people aged 17–19 years in Australia. Prevalence ratios for minority stressors and traumatic events were calculated for gender and sexuality diverse categories using logistic regression models. Linear regression models were used to test associations between traumatic events and minority stressors, and mental ill‐health. Multivariate linear regression tested school climate factors as effect modifier between minority stressors and mental ill‐health among sexuality diverse young people.ResultsRates of traumatic events and minority stressors were highest among bisexual and gay/lesbian young people and were significantly associated with mental ill‐health among all gender and sexuality diverse young people. Highest mental ill‐health effects were observed among trans young people. Among sexuality diverse young people, positive and negative feelings toward school climate were associated with decreased and increased mental ill‐health, respectively. After accounting for sexuality diversity, positive overall school climate appeared protective of mental ill‐health effects of sexuality‐based discrimination.DiscussionMinority stressors, traumatic events, and associated mental ill‐health are prevalent among gender and sexuality diverse young people in Australia, especially trans, bisexual, and gay/lesbian young people. Promotion of affirmative, safe, and inclusive school climate demonstrates significant promise for the prevention and early intervention of mental ill‐health among gender and sexuality diverse young people.
Hydrogel‐polyurethane fiber composites with enhanced microarchitectural control for heart valve replacement
Authors: Robinson Andrew , Nkansah Abbey , Bhat Sanchita , Karnik Shweta , Jones Sarah , Fairley Ashauntee , Leung Jonathan , Wancura Megan , Sacks Michael S , Dasi Lakshmi Prasad , Cosgriff‐Hernandez Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolymeric heart valves offer the potential to overcome the limited durability of tissue based bioprosthetic valves and the need for anticoagulant therapy of mechanical valve replacement options. However, developing a single‐phase material with requisite biological properties and target mechanical properties remains a challenge. In this study, a composite heart valve material was developed where an electrospun mesh provides tunable mechanical properties and a hydrogel coating confers an antifouling surface for thromboresistance. Key biological responses were evaluated in comparison to glutaraldehyde‐fixed pericardium. Platelet and bacterial attachment were reduced by 38% and 98%, respectively, as compared to pericardium that demonstrated the antifouling nature of the hydrogel coating. There was also a notable reduction (59%) in the calcification of the composite material as compared to pericardium. A custom 3D‐printed hydrogel coating setup was developed to make valve composites for device‐level hemodynamic testing. Regurgitation fraction (9.6 ± 1.8%) and effective orifice area (1.52 ± 0.34 cm2) met ISO 5840‐2:2021 requirements. Additionally, the mean pressure gradient was comparable to current clinical bioprosthetic heart valves demonstrating preliminary efficacy. Although the hemodynamic properties are promising, it is anticipated that the random microarchitecture will result in suboptimal strain fields and peak stresses that may accelerate leaflet fatigue and degeneration. Previous computational work has demonstrated that bioinspired fiber microarchitectures can improve strain homogeneity of valve materials toward improving durability. To this end, we developed advanced electrospinning methodologies to achieve polyurethane fiber microarchitectures that mimic or exceed the physiological ranges of alignment, tortuosity, and curvilinearity present in the native valve. Control of fiber alignment from a random fiber orientation at a normalized orientation index (NOI) 14.2 ± 6.9% to highly aligned fibers at a NOI of 85.1 ± 1.4%. was achieved through increasing mandrel rotational velocity. Fiber tortuosity and curvilinearity in the range of native valve features were introduced through a post‐spinning annealing process and fiber collection on a conical mandrel geometry, respectively. Overall, these studies demonstrate the potential of hydrogel‐polyurethane fiber composite as a heart valve material. Future studies will utilize the developed advanced electrospinning methodologies in combination with model‐directed fabrication toward optimizing durability as a function of fiber microarchitecture.
Evaluation of the cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and molecular docking of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles derived from pumpkin seeds
Authors: Kadir Nurul Huda Abd , Murugan Navindran , Khan Azmat Ali , Sandrasegaran Aamchawarthinhy , Khan Azhar U. , Alam Mahboob 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) produced fromCucurbita pepoL. (pumpkin seeds) and their selective cytotoxic effectiveness on human colon cancer cells (HCT 116) and African Green Monkey Kidney, Vero cells. The study also investigated the antioxidant activity of ZnONPs. The study also examined ZnONPs' antioxidant properties. This was motivated by the limited research on the comparative cytotoxic effects of ZnO NPs on normal and HCT116 cells. The ZnO NPs were characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Transmission Electron Microscope/Selected Area Electron Diffraction (TEM/SAED), and Scanning Electron Microscope‐Energy Dispersive X‐ray (SEM–EDX) for determination of chemical fingerprinting, heat stability, size, and morphology of the elements, respectively. Based on the results, ZnO NPs from pumpkins were found to be less than 5 μm and agglomerates in nature. Furthermore, the ZnO NPs fingerprinting and SEM–EDX element analysis were similar to previous literature, suggesting the sample was proven as ZnO NPs. The ZnO NPs also stable at a temperature of 380°C indicating that the green material is quite robust at 60–400°C. The cell viability of Vero cells and HCT 116 cell line were measured at two different time points (24 and 48 h) to assess the cytotoxicity effects of ZnO NP on these cells using AlamarBlue assay. Cytotoxic results have shown that ZnO NPs did not inhibit Vero cells but were slightly toxic to cancer cells, with a dose–response curve IC50 = ~409.7 μg/mL. This green synthesis of ZnO NPs was found to be non‐toxic to normal cells but has a slight cytotoxicity effect on HCT 116 cells. A theoretical study used molecular docking to investigate nanoparticle interaction with cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), exploring its mechanism in inhibiting CDK2's role in cancer. Further study should be carried out to determine suitable concentrations for cytotoxicity studies. Additionally, DPPH has a significant antioxidant capacity, with an IC50 of 142.857 μg/mL.Research HighlightsPumpkin seed extracts facilitated a rapid, high‐yielding, and environmentally friendly synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles.Spectrophotometric analysis was used to investigate the optical properties, scalability, size, shape, dispersity, and stability of ZnO NPs.The cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs on Vero and HCT 116 cells was assessed, showing no inhibition of Vero cells and cytotoxicity of cancer cells.The DPPH assay was also used to investigate the antioxidant potential of biogenic nanoparticles.A molecular docking study was performed to investigate the interaction of ZnO NPs with CDK2 and to explore the mechanism by which they inhibit CDK2's role in cancer.
Does credit growth mitigate emission intensity in ASEAN countries?
Authors: Masud Muhammad Mehedi , Noman Abu Hanifa Md. , Akhtar Rulia , Selvarajan Sonia Kumari A/P , Al‐Mamun Abdullah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn empirical studies, the disparity between financial development and environmental quality has prompted us to examine the impact of credit growth on environmental quality in ASEAN countries. These countries have experienced phenomenal credit growth over the past three decades due to their adoption of financial liberalisation, integration and innovation. In this study, we investigated the role of credit growth on environmental quality while controlling for several macroeconomic variables, including regulatory quality, natural resources, foreign direct investment, globalisation and per capita gross domestic product growth. Using static models (ordinary least square [OLS], random effect model, Panel Corrected Standard Error and partial spatial cross correlation) and dynamic models (dynamic OLS, dynamic random effect and two‐step system generalised methods of moments (GMM) on data spanning from 1984 to 2019, we observed a nonlinear association between credit growth and environmental quality. The findings suggest that credit growth may simultaneously have favourable and detrimental effects on environmental quality. High credit growth can lead to increased emissions and environmental degradation through the promotion of fossil fuel‐driven energy consumption, production and distribution of economic resources. However, if the government promotes regulatory quality and encourages lenders to invest more in green technologies and renewable and sustainable energy sources, credit growth may contribute to improved environmental quality. These results carry important policy implications.
Investigating the Association of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque MRI Features and Silent Stroke After Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Huo Ran , Yuan Wanzhong , Xu Huimin , Yang Dandan , Qiao Huiyu , Han Hualu , Wang Tao , Liu Ying , Yuan Huishu , Zhao Xihai 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe predictive value of carotid plaque characteristics for silent stroke (SS) after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between carotid plaque characteristics and postoperative SS in patients undergoing CEA.Study TypeProspective.PopulationOne hundred fifty‐three patients (mean age: 65.4 ± 7.9 years; 126 males) with unilateral moderate‐to‐severe carotid stenosis (evaluated by CT angiography) referred for CEA.Field Strength/Sequence3 T, brain‐MRI:T2‐PROPELLER, T1‐/T2‐FLAIR, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and T2*, carotid‐MRI:black‐blood T1‐/T2W, 3D TOF, Simultaneous Non‐contrast Angiography intraplaque hemorrhage.AssessmentPatients underwent carotid‐MRI within 1‐week before CEA, and brain‐MRI within 48‐hours pre‐/post‐CEA. The presence and size (volume, maximum‐area‐percentage) of carotid lipid‐rich necrotic core (LRNC), intraplaque hemorrhage (Type‐I/Type‐II IPH) and calcification were evaluated on carotid‐MR images. Postoperative SS was assessed from pre‐/post‐CEA brain DWI. Patients were divided into moderate‐carotid‐stenosis (50%–69%) and severe‐carotid‐stenosis (70%–99%) groups and the associations between carotid plaque characteristics and SS were analyzed.Statistical TestsIndependent t test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, chi‐square test and logistic regressions (OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval). P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsSS was found in 8 (16.3%) of the 49 patients with moderate‐carotid‐stenosis and 21 (20.2%) of the 104 patients with severe‐carotid‐stenosis. In patients with severe‐carotid‐stenosis, those with SS had significantly higher IPH (66.7% vs. 39.8%) and Type‐I IPH (66.7% vs. 38.6%) than those without. The presence of IPH (OR 3.030, 95% CI 1.106–8.305) and Type‐I IPH (OR 3.187, 95% CI 1.162–8.745) was significantly associated with SS. After adjustment, the associations of SS with presence of IPH (OR 3.294, 95% CI 1.122–9.669) and Type‐I IPH (OR 3.633, 95% CI 1.216–10.859) remained significant. Moreover, the volume of Type‐II IPH (OR 1.014, 95% CI 1.001–1.028), and maximum‐area‐percentage of Type‐II IPH (OR 1.070, 95% CI 1.002–1.142) and LRNC (OR 1.030, 95% CI 1.000–1.061) were significantly associated with SS after adjustment. No significant (P range: 0.203–0.980) associations were found between carotid plaque characteristics and SS in patients with moderate‐carotid‐stenosis.Data ConclusionsIn patients with unilateral severe‐carotid‐stenosis, carotid vulnerable plaque MR features, particularly presence and size of IPH, might be effective predictors for SS after CEA.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Bamboo leaf extract treatment alleviates the surface browning of fresh‐cut apple by regulating membrane lipid metabolism and antioxidant properties
Authors: Bin Yuqi , Tian Mixia , Xie Jiani , Wang Mingyu , Chen Chen , Jiang Aili 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of bamboo leaf extract (BLE) on controlling the browning of fresh‐cut apple stored at 4 °C was investigated. Browning index, H2O2 content, O2− production rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, total phenolic content (TPC) and soluble quinone content (SQC), the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), lipoxygenase (LOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐ 6‐sulfonic acid)] radical scavenging activities, and the expression of genes related to browning were all investigated.RESULTSBLE effectively alleviated the surface browning of fresh‐cut apple, accompanied by a reduction in SQC, LOX activity, H2O2, O2− production rate and MDA accumulation. Furthermore, BLE treatment enhanced the TPC, enzymatic (SOD, CAT, APX and POD) and non‐enzymatic antioxidant activities. Principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis found the browning inhibition by BLE is not through the reduction of phenolic substrates and PPO activity.CONCLUSIONBLE controls the browning of fresh‐cut apple by increasing the antioxidant capacity to scavenge ROS, which could alleviate oxidative damage and maintain the membrane integrity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
“God was with me”: A qualitative study of Christian meaning‐making among refugees
Authors: Shannonhouse Laura , Dosal‐Terminel Daniel , Kwag Daun , Hall M. Elizabeth Lewis , Park Crystal L. , McMartin Jason , Silverman Eric J. , Aten Jamie , O'Connor Mary Helen , Kapic Kelly 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this consensual qualitative research study, we investigated the role of refugees’ Christian faith in meaning‐making coping. High percentages of religiosity in refugee populations support the need to understand the role of religion in their coping processes. Interviews with 20 Christian refugees from 10 African and Asian countries revealed that participants drew heavily from their faith resources to cope with their experiences. Specifically, refugees reported coping practices that included trust in God, prayer, intimacy with God, spiritual surrender, lament, worship, and social support. Although many participants described spiritual struggles, including doubting God, feeling distant from God, and questioning God, most found meaning amid refugee‐related suffering and reported perspective shifts, a deepening of faith, seeing suffering as part of God's plan, experiencing a deepened sense of purpose, and growing in the likeness of Christ. Refugees also reported growth through suffering in the form of gratitude, altruism, testimony, and humility. Clinical implications include encouraging the use of religious resources for meaning‐making and supporting the resolution of spiritual struggles.
Evaluation of thermodynamic bioeffects of long‐pulsed 1064 nm laser in the photothermal lipolysis
Authors: Wu Shan , Jiang Zhixuan , Dong Jiying , Yao Min 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the lipolysis effect of air cooling assisted long‐pulsed 1064 laser for improving local adiposity.Materials and MethodsThe second‐level (pulse duration of 0.3–60 s) long‐pulsed Nd:YAG 1064 nm laser (LP1064 nm) with or without forced‐air cooling was used to irradiate ex‐vivo subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of pig or human and in‐vivo inguinal fat tissue of Sprague Dawley rats. The temperature of skin surface as well as 5 mm deep SAT was monitored by a plug‐in probe thermal couple, and the former was confined to 39°C or 42°C during the treatment. Histological analysis of SAT response was evaluated by SAT sections stained with hematoxylin–eosin and oil red O. Ultra‐microstructure changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. A pilot study on human subject utilizing LP1064 nm laser with air cooling was conducted. The changes in gross abdomen circumference and ultrasonic imaging were studied.ResultsHistological examination showed that LP1064 nm laser treatment induced adipocyte injury and hyperthermic lipolysis both in‐ and ex‐vivo. It was also confirmed by clinical practice on patients. By real‐time temperature monitoring, we found that in comparison with LP1064 nm laser alone, additional air cooling could increase the temperature difference between epidermis and SAT, promoting heat accumulation deep in fat tissue, as well as providing better protection for epidermis.ConclusionLP1064 nm laser provided reliable adipose tissue thermolysis when the temperature of skin surface was sustained at 39°C or 42°C for 10 min. Application of air‐cooling during the laser treatment achieved better effect and safety of photothermal lipolysis. LP1064 nm laser, as a noninvasive device, has comparable thermal lipolysis effect as other common heat‐generating devices.
Screening of the Active Substances for the Assessment of Walnut Kernel in the Treatment of Scopolamine‐Induced AD Animals
Authors: Xu Xiajing , Song Yutong , Jiang Man , Liu Meihan , Zhang Xuanmeng , Wang Dongmei , Pan Yingni , Ren Shumeng , Liu Xiaoqiu 
Published: November 2023

ScopeAlzheimer's disease (AD) has been a challenge and hotspot in the field of neuroscience research due to the high morbidity. As we all know, walnut kernel (WK) ingestion has been linked to benefits to brain health and has the function of improving memory. This study follows the AD model induced by scopolamine to reveal the active fractions and substances of walnut in the treatment of AD.Methods and resultsThe histopathological analysis and brain tissue biochemistry assay are revealed the active fractions of WK, and this result determines that walnut kernel organic acids have significant therapeutic effect on AD. The strategy of studying ingredients pointed at lesions is integrated to ascertain the selected brain‐targeted effective substances of WK for blood–brain barrier by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry, and a total of eight organic acids are figured out definite absorptivity in rat brains. Finally, the binding interaction between the effective substances and target proteins is analyzed by molecular docking, and the main function related active markers are ascertained as glansreginin A, glansreginic acid, ellagic acid, and ellagic acid 4‐O‐xyloside.ConclusionsThe comprehensive process is helpful to the clinical application of WK as a promising cholinesterase inhibitors for nutritional intervention.
Palatal prolapse during nasal expiration in patients with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Yaguchi Hiroshi , Miyagawa Shinji , Mukai Taiji , Sakuta Kenichi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsWe have encountered patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) who exhibited palatal prolapse (PP) during nasal expiration in the supine position while awake. This may be an overlooked cause of dyspnea in MG patients. This study aimed to examine and describe the characteristics of MG patients with PP.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 183 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with MG in our hospital from 2012 to 2021. Thirty‐two patients underwent laryngoscopy because of bulbar symptoms. Eight of these patients (25%) exhibited PP on laryngoscopy. Clinical features of these eight patients were retrospectively characterized.ResultsMedian age of the eight patients with PP was 70 years. Six were men. Median body mass index was 21.6 kg/m2. All patients exhibited PP in the supine position but not the sitting position. Although no patient had abnormal findings on spirometry nor chest computed tomography, six reported dyspnea or difficulty with nasal expiration only in the supine position. PP improved in all four patients who underwent edrophonium testing. All eight patients eventually improved after immunotherapy.DiscussionPP during nasal expiration may be a cause of dyspnea in MG patients, along with respiratory muscle impairment, lung disease, and vocal cord paralysis. Laryngoscopy in the supine position is required to confirm.