bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work burnout and organisational commitment of medical professionals
Authors: Babatope Valerie Onyia , Okoye Jude , Adekunle Ibrahim Ayoade , Fejoh Johnson 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile psychological, emotional, and physical exhaustion has contributed to unproductivity across various dimensions of work life, how work burnout has shaped the organisational commitment of medical professionals who are at the forefront of health and well-being remains underexplored and less understood. This study offers new and insightful perspectives on work burnout and variations in the commitment of medical professionals in Ogun State, Nigeria. This study evaluated the correlation and relative effect between work burnout, family commitment, and organisational commitment and optimal productivity using the product moment correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) estimation procedures. Items in the questionnaire were developed in line with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, organisational commitment questionnaire, family commitment inventory questionnaire, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment, Employment Absence and Productivity Scale, and employee performance questionnaire. Findings revealed that handling multiple tasks simultaneously, shortage of staff, inadequate facilities or equipment, poor appraisal, lack of recognition and autonomy, and work overload are the most prevalent stressors to medical professionals (medical laboratory scientists, nurses, pharmacists, and technicians). The result further revealed that the effects include fatigue, frequent headache, sleeplessness and the lingering cold, low motivation, anxiety, and decreased output, among other symptoms. This study suggests that work burnout and work–family conflict are positively associated with high productivity at work and increased organisational commitment. The gender dimensions of the result revealed that females experience more work burnout and work–family conflict than males. Thus, policies and management practices should be implemented to mitigate their effects in the health sector for efficient patient care.
European madness 1910–1980: lessons for today from Alastair Morgan's Continental Philosophy of Psychiatry: The Lure of Madness
Authors: Ikkos George 
Published: September 2023

SummaryIn Continental Philosophy of Psychiatry: The Lure of Madness Alastair Morgan surveys the contributions of a loosely conceived school of psychiatrists, philosophers and social theorists to understanding and responding to madness during the years 1910–1980. Taking my cue from him, I highlight some of the contributors discussed in Morgan's book and reflect that although madness may be difficult or even impossible to articulate effectively in discourse it remains a ‘limit experience’ which demarcates and illuminates the contours of other thinking and being, including reason and activism. I discuss social and cultural factors that have dulled clinicians’ sensitivities to the sounds of madness in recent decades and advocate the need for a reappraisal of our expertise and for a new activism today. What may at first appear as a failed clinical-philosophical tradition remains of professional relevance in today's rapidly transforming circumstances of practice both as inspiration and as cautionary tale.
Predator–prey systems as models for integrative research in biology: the value of a non-consumptive effects framework
Authors: Batabyal Anuradha 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTPredator–prey interactions are a cornerstone of many ecological and evolutionary processes that influence various levels of biological organization, from individuals to ecosystems. Predators play a crucial role in shaping ecosystems through the consumption of prey species and non-consumptive effects. Non-consumptive effects (NCEs) can induce changes in prey behavior, including altered foraging strategies, habitat selection, life history and anti-predator responses. These defensive strategies have physiological consequences for prey, affecting their growth, reproduction and immune function to name a few. Numerous experimental studies have incorporated NCEs in investigating predator–prey dynamics in the past decade. Interestingly, predator–prey systems can also be used as experimental models to answer physiology, cognition and adaptability questions. In this Commentary, I highlight research that uses NCEs in predator–prey systems to provide novel insights into cognition, adaptation, epigenetic inheritance and aging. I discuss the evolution of instinct, anxiety and other cognitive disorders, the shaping of brain connectomes, stress-induced aging and the development of behavioral coping styles. I outline how studies can integrate the investigation of NCEs with advanced behavioral, genomic and neurological tools to provide novel insights into physiological and cognitive health.
The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine
Authors: Hunter Sandra K. , Angadi Siddhartha S. , Bhargava Aditi , Harper Joanna , Hirschberg Angelica Lindén , Levine Benjamin D. , Moreau Kerrie L. , Nokoff Natalie J. , Stachenfeld Nina S. , Bermon Stéphane 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Biological sex is a primary determinant of athletic performance because of fundamental sex differences in anatomy and physiology dictated by sex chromosomes and sex hormones. Adult men are typically stronger, more powerful, and faster than women of similar age and training status. Thus, for athletic events and sports relying on endurance, muscle strength, speed, and power, males typically outperform females by 10%–30% depending on the requirements of the event. These sex differences in performance emerge with the onset of puberty and coincide with the increase in endogenous sex steroid hormones, in particular testosterone in males, which increases 30-fold by adulthood, but remains low in females. The primary goal of this consensus statement is to provide the latest scientific knowledge and mechanisms for the sex differences in athletic performance. This review highlights the differences in anatomy and physiology between males and females that are primary determinants of the sex differences in athletic performance and in response to exercise training, and the role of sex steroid hormones (particularly testosterone and estradiol). We also identify historical and nonphysiological factors that influence the sex differences in performance. Finally, we identify gaps in the knowledge of sex differences in athletic performance and the underlying mechanisms, providing substantial opportunities for high-impact studies. A major step toward closing the knowledge gap is to include more and equitable numbers of women to that of men in mechanistic studies that determine any of the sex differences in response to an acute bout of exercise, exercise training, and athletic performance.
An overview of cybersecurity in Zimbabwe’s financial services sector
Authors: Maphosa Vusumuzi 
Published: September 2023

Background: As nations, businesses, and individuals rely on the Internet for everyday use, so are cybercriminals manipulating systems to access information illegally and disrupting services for financial gain. The global cost of cybercrime eclipsed one trillion US Dollars in 2020, with Africa losing US $3.5 billion. Methods: A quantitative research methodology was adopted to investigate factors affecting cybercrime in Zimbabwean financial institutions. The study focused on the technical aspects of cybersecurity. Data were collected from July 2022 to October 2022, targeting technology experts in the financial services sector. Participants were recruited from 13 institutions to rank cybersecurity constructs, frameworks, and challenges associated with cybersecurity. Data was collected using a questionnaire distributed to participants. Descriptive statistics were used to extract meanings from the responses that measure mean and standard deviation. Results: Network and data security were the most highly ranked cybersecurity constructs, while physical security was the least. The top three barriers are increasing sophistication of threats, limited skills and emerging technologies, while lack of executive support was the least. The top frameworks used are the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) and Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies (COBIT), while a fifth is yet to adopt cybercrime frameworks. Conclusions: The study proposes that financial institutions establish a cybersecurity culture to fight cybercrime, addressing cybersecurity barriers and following best practices. Financial institutions should invest in cybersecurity technologies, train security specialists, and employ a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO). The study’s small sample may affect the generalisability of the results. Financial institutions should implement strategies to raise awareness and collaborate with institutions to train cybersecurity security specialists to close the skills gap.
Resource-efficient and QoS guaranteed 5G RAN slice migration in elastic metro aggregation networks using heuristic-assisted deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Gu Jiahua , Zhu Min , Wang Yunwu , Cai Xiaofeng , Cai Yuancheng , Zhang Jiao , Lei Mingzheng , Hua Bingchang , Gu Pingping , Zhao Guo 
Published: September 2023

To cope with the growing and diversifying 5G services, RAN slicing, an effective resource allocation mechanism, has been proposed. Each RAN slice serves varied service requirements, with baseband processing functions (BPFs), e.g., distributed units (DUs) and centralized units (CUs), implemented via virtual machines in a processing pool (PP). Co-locating the virtualized DU/CU (vDU/vCU) of multiple slices in a single PP enhances resource utilization and reduces power consumption. As mobile traffic and slice resource demands fluctuate over time, we face a trade-off: either migrate RAN slices to improve resource efficiency or avoid migration to prevent user service interruption, thereby ensuring users’ QoS. Additionally, an elastic optical network (EON) is employed as the substrate metro aggregation network for flexible and spectrum-efficient scheduling. In this context, the routing and spectrum allocation of optical paths connecting different BPFs should also be optimized to maximize spectral resource usage. To address the above RAN slice deployment and migration issue, in this paper, we propose a heuristic-assisted deep reinforcement learning (HA-DRL)-based algorithm to jointly optimize power consumption, slice migration, and spectrum resource consumption. Two heuristic algorithms, RAN slice reallocation (RSR) and RAN slice adjustment (RSA), are proposed. Using their results as a reference, the HA-DRL achieves a better trade-off among the triple optimization objectives. Simulations on a small-scale 9-node network and a large-scale 30-node network demonstrate the superiority of HA-DRL over baseline heuristic algorithms. We achieved significant reductions in migrated traffic and spectral resource saving at a minor power consumption cost.
Mining host candidate regulators of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in response to artesunate therapy through transcriptomics approach
Authors: Yuan Yajie , Lv Xinyue , Wu Yahan , Weng Youhong , Dai Fangwei , Ding Haojie , Chen Riping , Zheng Bin , Zhao Wenxia , Tong Qunbo , Ding Jianzu , Lou Di , Lai Yunru , Chu Xiaofeng , Zhao Longyou , Lu Shaohong , Kong Qingming 
Published: September 2023

Background
Artesunate (ART) has been reported to have an antifibrotic effect in various organs. The underlying mechanism has not been systematically elucidated. We aimed to clarify the effect of ART on liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) in an experimentally infected rodent model and the potential underlying mechanisms.

Methods
The effect of ART on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was assessed using CCK-8 and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assays. The experimental model of liver fibrosis was established in the Mongolian gerbil model infected with S. japonicum cercariae and then treated with 20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg ART. The hydroxyproline (Hyp) content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities in liver tissue were measured and histopathological changes of liver tissues were observed. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of the liver tissues was performed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using bioinformatic analysis and verified by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot assay.

Results
ART significantly inhibited the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of HSCs in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, Hyp content decreased significantly in the ART-H group compared to the model (MOD) group and GPX activity was significantly higher in the ART-H group than in the MOD group. Besides, ART treatment significantly reduced collagen production (p <0.05). A total of 158 DEGs and 44 differentially expressed miRNAs related to ART-induced anti-schistosomiasis liver fibrosis were identified. The qPCR and western blot results of selected DEGs were consistent with the sequencing results. These DEGs were implicated in key pathways such as immune and inflammatory response, integrin-mediated signaling and toll-like receptor signaling pathways.

Conclusion
ART is effective against liver fibrosis using Mongolian gerbil model induced by S. japonicum infection. We identified host candidate regulators of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in response to ART through transcriptomics approach.
Greater nurse density correlates to higher level of population ageing globally, but is more prominent in developed countries
Authors: You Wenpeng , Donnelly Frank 
Published: September 2023

Background
Representing over 50% of the healthcare workforce, nurses provide care to people at all ages. This study advances, at a population level, that high levels of nursing services, measured by nurse density may significantly promote population ageing measured by the percentage of a population over 65 years of age (65yo%).

Methods
Population level data was examined to explore the correlation between nurse density and 65yo%. The confounding impacts on ageing such as the effects of economic affluence, physician density, fertility rate, obesity and urban advantages were also considered. Scatter plots, bivariate correlation, partial correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed for examining the correlations.

Results
Nurse density correlated to 65yo%; this relationship was independent of other influences such as fertility rate, economic affluence, obesity prevalence, physician density and urban advantages. Second to fertility rate, nursing density had the greatest influence on 65yo%. The predicting and confounding variables explain 74.4% of the total 65yo% variance. The universal correlations identified in country groupings suggest that low nurse density may be a significant global concern.

Conclusions
While nurse density might contribute significantly to 65yo% globally, the effect was more prominent in developed countries. Ironically, countries with higher nurse densities and therefore greater levels of 65yo%, were countries with an increased need for more nursing staff. To highlight the profound implications for the role the nursing profession plays especially at a time of global nursing shortage, further study into the effects of long-run elasticity of nurse staffing level on population ageing may be needed. For instance, what percentage of nursing staff increase would be required to meet every 1% increase of an ageing population.
Sucrose Intolerance Tests in the Neonates
Authors: Suryantoro Purnomo , Nelwan Nelwan , Ismangun Ismangun 
Published: September 2023

Sucrose maldigestion is difficult to diagnose especially in newborn babies.
Stool chromatography is the most useful tool to detect the type of saccharide maldigestion.
Using the clinical symptoms as parameter, there were 3 out of 28 mabies suffering from sucrose maldigestion, in whom the blood glucose Level did not increase more than 40 mg % after the injection of sucrose.
NfiaIs Critical for AII Amacrine Cell Production: Selective Bipolar Cell Dependencies and Diminished ERG
Authors: Keeley Patrick W. , Trod Stephanie , Gamboa Bruno N. , Coffey Pete J. , Reese Benjamin E. 
Published: September 2023

The nuclear factor one (NFI) transcription factor genesNfia,Nfib, andNfixare all enriched in late-stage retinal progenitor cells, and their loss has been shown to retain these progenitors at the expense of later-generated retinal cell types. Whether they play any role in the specification of those later-generated fates is unknown, but the expression of one of these,Nfia, in a specific amacrine cell type may intimate such a role. Here,Nfiaconditional knockout (Nfia-CKO) mice (both sexes) were assessed, finding a massive and largely selective absence of AII amacrine cells. There was, however, a partial reduction in type 2 cone bipolar cells (CBCs), being richly interconnected to AII cells. Counts of dying cells showed a significant increase inNfia-CKO retinas at postnatal day (P)7, after AII cell numbers were already reduced but in advance of the loss of type 2 CBCs detected by P10. Those results suggest a role forNfiain the specification of the AII amacrine cell fate and a dependency of the type 2 CBCs on them. Delaying the conditional loss ofNfiato the first postnatal week did not alter AII cell number nor differentiation, further suggesting that its role in AII cells is solely associated with their production. The physiological consequences of their loss were assessed using the ERG, finding the oscillatory potentials to be profoundly diminished. A slight reduction in the b-wave was also detected, attributed to an altered distribution of the terminals of rod bipolar cells, implicating a role of the AII amacrine cells in constraining their stratification.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe transcription factor NFIA is shown to play a critical role in the specification of a single type of retinal amacrine cell, the AII cell. Using anNfia–conditional knockout mouse to eliminate this population of retinal neurons, we demonstrate two selective bipolar cell dependencies on the AII cells; the terminals of rod bipolar cells become mis-stratified in the inner plexiform layer, and one type of cone bipolar cell undergoes enhanced cell death. The physiological consequence of this loss of the AII cells was also assessed, finding the cells to be a major contributor to the oscillatory potentials in the electroretinogram.
Changes in metabolic parameters in ischemic heart disease against the background of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Akimova Viorika , Demianchuk Nataliia , Shchurko Mariia , Lapovets Lyubov , Valovyi Oleksii 
Published: September 2023

For many years, and to this day, cardiovascular disease has been and remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiovascular diseases mainly affect people in countries with middle and low living standards.
The aim of the study was to find out the peculiarities of lipid, carbohydrate, and hormonal changes in patients with coronary heart disease against the background of metabolic syndrome.
Materials and methods: 120 patients with verified coronary heart disease were examined, including 60 patients with coronary heart disease without metabolic syndrome and 60 patients with coronary heart disease with metabolic syndrome. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy individuals of appropriate age and sex. The content of HbA1c, glucositol C-peptide, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, leptin, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol in blood serum was determined by modern methods.
Results: The analysis of the results of laboratory tests of patients' blood revealed more pronounced changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease against the background of metabolic syndrome, which indicates the severity of the clinical course in such patients. The results obtained indicate that in coronary heart disease with metabolic syndrome, there are more pronounced dysmetabolic changes: hyperleptinemia, glucosemia, elevated HbA1c, and decreased C-peptide content. Studies have shown that obesity is accompanied by high levels of leptin, which exacerbates insulin resistance and is a trigger for the development of coronary heart disease.
Conclusions: 1. Leptin resistance is a potential cause of insulin resistance and, consequently, obesity, which ultimately leads to metabolic syndrome and the development of coronary heart disease. The data obtained indicate a greater tendency to obesity in women with coronary heart disease complicated by metabolic syndrome.

The data obtained may indicate a latent disorder of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease without metabolic syndrome.
The detected deviations in lipid metabolism indicate the presence of type II dyslipoproteinemia in patients of group 1 and type IV dyslipoproteinemia in patients of group 2
Moral Upbringing in Families Based on a Mixed Marriage: the Catholic-Lutheran perspective
Authors: Gwoździewicz Tomasz 
Published: September 2023

This article presents the issue of moral upbringing in families based on a mixed Catholic-Lutheran marriage in a synthetic way. In the time of the crisis of upbringing as such, it becomes essential to pay attention to moral upbringing, which is the foundation of all education, and should be passed on by parents, as the first educators. They take actions that, despite a difference in religion, guide children to form a moral conscience, proper interpersonal relations, and educate them about love, that should be based on truth. In mixed denominational families, the transmission of moral upbringing takes place in the spirit of ecumenism, which means that, despite the threats that may arise, the testimony of Christian love and unity speaks out even stronger.
Change Readiness and Positive Orientation in Professional Helpers in the Polish Welfare System during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Czechowska‑Bieluga Marta , Zielińska Patrycja , Krawczyk Renata , Sordyl-Lipnicka Barbara 
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is undoubtedly a crisis situation, which means that the lives of persons experiencing it will never be the same as before. Professional helpers are faced with numerous challenges related to the change in their work flow, the need to modify strategies, work methods and tools, or to the switch from on-site to remote work. In this context, professional helpers’ resources are of considerable importance, as they constitute an important part of the welfare system. The analysis of the results of previous studies suggests that social workers’ change readiness and positive orientation not only may increase their professional effectiveness, but may even foster better quality of life. The present study investigated positive orientation and change readiness, as important predictors of professional functioning of persons in the sample group. The questionnaires were distributed among 189 professional helpers working in the Polish welfare system. The response rate was 98% (the final sample consisted of 185 persons) The results show that most subjects are characterized by the below-optimal levels of all the analyzed traits of the change readiness, but high and medium levels of positive orientation. The groups differed from one another in terms of adaptability (difference close to statistically significant). Change readiness and positive orientation may constitute important resources for professional helpers. Long service, being married, and a low level of change-readiness revealed in the presented study, may indicate that change-readiness is a general tendency in specific individuals, and is not dependent on the nature of changes themselves. The results may prompt a search for relations between personality factors and change-readiness.