bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic calibration and association for roadside radar and camera based on fluctuating traffic volume
Authors: Jin Cheng , Zhu Boning , Deng Jiayin , Hu Zhiqun , Wen Xiangming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Accurate perception of the movement and appearance of vehicles depends on the robustness and reliability of the extrinsic parameters calibration in a multi-sensor fusion scenario. However, conventional calibration methods require manual acquisition of prior information, leading to high labor costs and low calibration accuracy. Therefore, we proposed an automatic coarse-to-fine calibration method for roadside radar and camera sensors to lower costs and improve accuracy. Next, an association strategy based on fluctuating traffic volumes was also developed to assist in robust target matching during the coarse-to-fine calibration process. Finally, extrinsic parameters between the radar coordinate system and camera coordinate system were calibrated through double rotations of the position vectors obtained from each system. To verify the proposed method, an experiment was conducted on a pedestrian bridge using an uncalibrated 4D millimeter-wave radar and a traffic monocular camera. The results showed that our proposed method reduced the interquartile range of the roll angle by 41.5% compared to a state-of-the-art neural network method. It also outperformed the manual calibration method by 2.47% in terms of the average reprojection error.
Study of crack propagation in multi-phase composites embedded with both stiff and compliant particles using phase field method
Authors: Thoudam Sarnath , Kumbhar Pramod , Kanjarla Anand Krishna , Annabattula Ratna Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Crack propagation in two-phase particle-reinforced composites is extensively studied using the phase field method. Typically, the particle either has a higher stiffness(stiff) or a lower stiffness(compliant) than the matrix. However, the crack propagation in multi-phase composites with both the stiff and compliant particles is not yet understood well. In this work, we report on the crack propagation characteristics and the resulting enhanced effective fracture toughness in multi-phase composite materials with both stiff and compliant particles using the phase filed method. Three different geometric arrangements of particles are considered: a diagonal array, a cubic array, and a honeycomb array. The honeycomb configuration had the best combination of strength and effective fracture toughness. We show that apart from the local geometric arrangement of the individual particles, the ratio of the stiffness of the individual particles is an important factor in crack propagation. Furthermore, we show that the ratio of the critical energy release rate of the individual particles can be tuned to increase the effective fracture toughness.
Elastic interactions between screw dislocations in iron
Authors: Caillard D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The kinetics of elastically interacting screw dislocations has been studied in pure iron strained in situ at low temperature. Annihilating and expanding screw dipoles yield macroscopic activation areas which are substantially smaller than those deduced from conventional mechanical stress, but consistent with theoretical estimates. The kinetics of attractive intersecting screw dislocations indicates that their velocity is determined by the velocity of their most stressed parts. Repulsive screw dislocations with different Burgers vectors can move cooperatively at a surprisingly high velocity, probably on account of elastic torque interactions and twinning-anti-twinning effects. All these interactions are shown to play an important role in the description of macroscopic mechanical properties in terms of individual dislocation mechanisms.
Single-layer graphene based resistive humidity sensor enhanced by graphene quantum dots
Authors: Li Zhenyu , Cheng Zhihao , Wang Yaping , Zhang Zekun , Wu Jianhan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Graphene is broadly applied as sensitive sensing material results from its superb features. Concurrently, as a derivative of graphene with 0D structure, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) offer more possibilities as a supportive sensing material due to its adjustable size and functional group modification. In this work, GQDs are introduced to single-layer graphene (SLG) based humidity sensor to enhance the sensing performance. Specifically, consistent resistance response to relative humidity (RH) is extended from the range of 10%–60% to 10%–90% by contrary to original SLG based sensor. Parallelly, effect of the amount of GQDs is investigated by means of multiple GQDs deposition. As the resultant higher binding efficiency between water molecules and the functional groups of GQDs, improved response rate is observed. For the case of 4-time deposition of GQDs, the response rate (

Δ
R
/
R

) reaches ∼130% in RH range of 10%–90%. Besides, the response time and recovery time are ∼0.7 s and ∼1.1 s, respectively. The fluctuation of the resistance change of the sensor under constant humidity is less than 5% over a month which demonstrates long-term reliability.
A simple and precise alignment calibration method for cone-beam computed tomography with the verifications
Authors: Shih Kun-Long , Jin David Shih-Chun , Wang Yu-Hong , Thi Ngoc Tran Trang , Chen Jyh-Cheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in dental imaging, small animal imaging, radiotherapy, and non-destructive industrial inspection. The quality of CBCT images depends on the precise knowledge of the CBCT system’s alignment. We introduce a distinct procedure, ‘precision alignment loop (PAL)’, to calibrate any CBCT system with a circular trajectory. We describe the calibration procedure by using a line-beads phantom, and how PAL determines the misalignments from a CBCT system. PAL also yields the uncertainties in the simulated calibration to give an estimate of the errors in the misalignments. From the analytical simulations, PAL can precisely obtain the source-to-rotation axis distance, and the geometric center G, ‘the point in z-axis meets the detector’, where the z-axis is coincident with the line from the x-ray source that intersects the axis of the rotation orthogonally. The uncertainties of three misalignment angles of the detector are within ±0.05°, which is close to ±0.04° for the results of Yang et al (2017 Med. Phys.
44 1692), but our method is easy and simple to implement. Our distinct procedure, on the other hand, yields the calibration of a micro-CT system and an example of reconstructed images, showing our calibration method for the CBCT system to be simple, precise, and accurate.
High-precision silicon nanowire array sensor for quantitating ambient humidity and pH value
Authors: Yang Xun , Zheng Chilin , Liu Jiahui , Yu Jing , Long Liang , Xu Zhangliang , Dong Linxi , Yao Defei , Liu Chaoran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a high sensitivity silicon nanowire (SiNW) array sensor for precisely quantitating humidity and pH value. Well-aligned nanowires with ordered separation have been fabricated via low-cost and highly controllable traditional top-down fabrication techniques, which are fully compatible with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Compared to bottom-up fabrication techniques, better reproducibility and stability in these procedures are indicated by fabrication results. The packaged SiNW array devices exhibit excellent linearity and repeatability when tested for humidity. Alternatively, the SiNW arrays give a quick and accurate reflection to hydrogen ion concentration after functionalized with APTES solution. Notably, the accuracy of the sensor can reach 0.1 pH. To characterize the immunity and long-term stability of the sensor, the performance of the SiNW array sensor at different temperatures and times was investigated in detail. The test results show that the SiNW array sensor has excellent test performance in gas and liquid environments, and the design makes it more competitive than those of commercialized sensors.
Analysing the suitability of CaTiO3/Ca1–xSrxTiO3/SrTiO3 perovskite for fabrication of optoelectronic devices using QuantumATK tool: a study for electronic and optical properties
Authors: Chahar Sonia , Mishra Krishna Kumar , Sharma Rajnish 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Calcium Titanate (CaTiO3) as a material has been researched for various applications like those in capacitors, piezoelectric devices and ceramic applications. Same has been possible owing to the exhibition of various characteristics of this material like high melting point (1,625 °C) and dielectric properties. However, only limited studies have been conducted to understand the impact of Strontium (Sr) doping and possibility of adopting this material into any kind of optoelectronic applications. This paper carries on an in-depth analysis on CaTiO3 and study effect of Sr as a dopant on its properties. Analysis has been carried out using Quantum ATK tool based on DFT approximations. CaTiO3 perovskite properties were studied by using the GGA (Generalized Gradient Approximation) and PBE (Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof) functionals, which are used with the LCAO calculator. As a result of the inclusion of Sr at the Ca site, the electronic band structure of CaTiO3 was changed by the introduction of a gamma point. Bandgap of CaTiO3 was analysed to be dependent on the Sr site concentration and increased from 2.3 eV (Direct bandgap) to 2.3612 eV (Indirect bandgap), when Sr and Ca site concentration were equal, but it decreased with further increase in Sr site concentration to 1.7155 eV. Pure CaTiO3’s projected density of states changed after doping, providing evidence for the effects of the dopant on the system. As a result of an examination of the optical properties of both systems, it is found that CaTiO3 at 380 nm (close to infrared) exhibits an effective extinction coefficient (k) value of 0.78, whereas at 600 nm, the attenuation of light decreases to zero. This makes Sr doping in CaTiO3 another attractive candidate for optical devices in addition to its ability to change optical properties.
Quantum transport on multilayer generalized scale-free networks
Authors: Galiceanu Mircea , Strunz Walter T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study single-particle quantum transport on multilayer generalized scale-free networks using the continuous-time quantum walk model. Our focus is directed at the average return probability and its long-time average value as measures for the transport efficiency. In the continuous-time model these quantities are completely determined by all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the connectivity matrix. For all multilayer networks a nontrivial interplay between good spreading and localization effects is observed. The spreading is enhanced by increasing the number of layers L or the power-law exponent γ of the degree distribution. For our choice of the parameters, namely L (1 ≤ L ≤ 50) or γ (1 ≤ γ ≤ 4), the quantum efficiency is increased by at least one order of magnitude. The topological transition between networks without loops, which corresponds to a single scale-free network layer (L = 1), and networks with loops (L = 2) is the most impactful. Another important change occurs when L gets higher than the average diameter d of the layers, namely a new scaling behavior for random walks and lower fluctuations around the long-time average value for quantum walks. The quantum transport is more sensitive to changes of the minimum allowed degree, K
min, than to the maximum allowed degree, K
max. The same quantum efficiency is found by varying at least one of the parameters: L, γ, K
min, or K
max, although the network’s topology is different. The quantum efficiency of all multilayer scale-free networks shows a universal behavior for any size of the layers, more precise, is inversely proportional to the number of layers.
Hydrodynamic properties of the perfect hard-sphere crystal: microscopic computations with Helfand moments
Authors: Mabillard Joël , Gaspard Pierre 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Within the framework of the local equilibrium approach, the equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties relevant to the hydrodynamics of the perfect hard-sphere crystal were obtained through molecular dynamics simulations using the Helfand moments associated with momentum and energy transport. Because this crystal is face-centered cubic, the hydrodynamic properties we considered were hydrostatic pressure, isothermal bulk modulus, specific heat capacities and their ratio, three isothermal elastic constants

(

C

11

T

,

C

12

T

,

C

44

T

)

, heat conductivity, and three viscosities

(

η

11

,

η

12

,

η

44

)

(in Voigt’s notation). These properties were computed as a function of the particle density. The pressure and transport coefficients diverge near the close-packing density, as the collision frequency per particle also diverges.
Population and attack of bagworm pests in smallholder oil palm plantations in Tenggulun Sub District, Aceh Tamiang District, Aceh
Authors: Mulyani C , Iswahyudi  , Rozalina  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bagworms are leaf-eating insects that are quite greedy and difficult to control because these pests hide in their bags. This pest control needs to be done especially on immature plants. This research aims to determine the dynamics of bagworm populations in immature oil palm plants and the percentage of bagworm attacks in smallholder oil palm plantations with different management. This research was carried out by direct observation of bagworms on Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations in Selamat Village and Tenggulun Village. In each village, 2 observation locations were determined and 25 plant samples were selected from each observation location. Dead bagworms are collected to determine the cause of death. The results of the research found 3 species of bagworms at the research location (Mahasena corbetti, Metisa plana and Cremastopsyche pendula). The most commonly found bagworm species is Mahesa plana. Mahasena corbetti is a priority to control because its attack level is in the medium category. Furthermore, the percentage of bagworm attacks ranges from 38-76%. The bagworm population in Selamat Village is lower than in Tenggulun Village, this is because oil palm farmers in Selamat Village have implemented integrated pest control methods in managing their oil palm plants, (utilizing natural enemies/predators, manual eradication of bagworm pests and trunk injection.
Application of soil amendments and paclobutrazol to shorten internode and increase rice yields
Authors: Ichsan C N , Salsabila Y A , Mayani N , Jumini  , Kurniawan T , Santi I V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study aims to determine the role of soil amendments, Paclobutrazol (PBZ), and varieties as well as their interactions on the growth and yield of rice. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) factorial split-split plot 3 x 2 x 2 with 3 replicates. The first factor was soil amendments as the main plot which consisted of 3 levels: A1= biochar, A2= compost, A3= mixture of biochar, compost, Mycorrhiza, and Trichoderma. The second factor was the concentration of PBZ in the split plot, which consisted of 2 levels: PBZ1 = 500 ppm, and PBZ2 = 700 ppm. The third factor is the variety as a split-split plot consisting of 2 levels: V1 = Sigupai Abdya, V2 = Tangse. The results showed that soil amendments had a significant effect on grain weight, and yield potential. The best yields are found in 50 g pot−1 of compost. PBZ had a very significant effect on grain weight and yield potential. PBZ at 700 ppm, can shorten rice internodes. Varieties have a very significant effect on grain weight and yield potential. The best growth and yields were found in the treatment of 50 g pot−1 compost with PBZ at a concentration of 700 ppm using the Tangse variety.
Grey water footprint of crop in Riau Province
Authors: Titisari P W , Elfis  , Maryanti A , Chahyana I , Permatasari T , Dalilla F 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The escalating severity of the water problem poses a potential threat to the prospects of sustainable development in the future. The grey water footprint is an indicator of the need for fresh water to mix and dilute pollutants and maintain air quality according to water quality standards. The evaluation of the grey water footprint (GWF) serves as a valuable measure in the mitigation and management of water contamination. The main objective of this study is to determine the grey water footprint associated with crop production along the Kampar Watershed and develop strategies to mitigate pollution levels. The grey water footprint is calculated using a water footprint assessment method. The finding show that the grey water footprint of rice farming (17.01 m3/ton) is larger than the maize (9.51 m3/ton), this indicate that necessary to improve water management on rice and maize agriculture. The water footprint performance scores of rice and corn plants are both in the poor category with scores of 11.93 and 45 respectively. To improve grey water performance and reduce air pollution, it can be done by using fertilizer according to plant needs, replacing inorganic fertilizer with organic fertilizer, implementing practices conventional tillage and maintain soil moisture.
Dynamics of microbial populations in the composting process of marine organic waste
Authors: Sebayang N U W , Hidayat B , Jamilah  , Akbar A M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
It is estimated that marine waste consist of 60% organic material. Therefore, waste must be handled using a composting process. The main determining factor in the composting process is the microorganisms associated with the C/N ratio. Therefore, this research was conducted to observe the dynamics of microbial populations during the decomposition of marine organic waste. The research method for calculating microbial populations (bacteria and fungi) is the dilution method using a colony counter with the Pour Platedilution technique (CFU/g). The results showed that the microbial population, both fungi and bacteria, fluctuated from week 1 to 10 of the composting process. This is related to the temperature during the composting process and the C/N ratio. The highest population of bacteria and fungi was found in the sixth week of composting at 300 x 107 CFU/g where the process entered the thermophilic phase with a C/N of 55.
Herbicidal activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) extracts on Amaranthus spinosus L.
Authors: Erida G , Hasanuddin  , Marliah A , Zulwanis  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Environmentally friendly weed control is highly recommended to be implemented in agriculture. The objective of this research was to assess the herbicidal efficacy of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts derived from the tuber of Cyperus rotundus L. on Amaranthus spinosus L. The tuber was consecutively extricated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. These extracts were given to A. spinosus in pot culture at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%.The herbicide (2,4-D at 0.686 kg a.i. ha−1) and distilled water were acted as positive and negative controls. The extract had variable effects on weed control percentage, leaf area, root length, shoot and root dry weight of A. spinosus. Major compounds in GC-MS in n-hexane of C. rotundus extract were: 7-Isopropenyl-1, 4a- dimethy l-4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3H-naphthalen-2-one (19.60%), phthalic acid (7%), dibutyl phthalate (3.97%); in ethyl acetat extract were propanetriol, 1-acetate (37,40%) and 7 Isopropenyl-1,4a-dimethyl-4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahyro-3H-naphthalen-2-one (6.42%); in methanol extract were d-glycero-d-ido-heptose (21.31%) and octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (39.15%). The 20% of those extracts causing 53.33%, 64.33% and 55.33 destruction of A. spinosus respectively at 14 Days After Aplication. Thus, ethyl acetate is the most potent herbicide extract to be developed as an agent against A. spinosus.
The effect of mycorrhizae and media composition on urban farming
Authors: Handayani E P , Krisnarini  , Supriyadi  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a popular fungus that improve plant nutrient uptake. Besides nutrient availability, the problems cultivation vegetables in pot was soil compaction, so it is necessary to study the composition of the planting media too. This study performed vegetables to application AMF and composition media to growth plants. In this paper, the experimental method was design in factorial by completely randomized block with three replicates. The first factor was AMF inoculant various dose; 0, 10, 20 g/ polybag and the second factor wes the composition mixture of soil: husk charcoal: manure consists of three levels: 2:1:1, 1:2:1 and 1:1:2. Analysed data by analysis of variance followed by Least Significant Difference Test (LSD). The results showed that, the best combination for vegetable growth if planting with application 10 g/plant of AMF inoculant on media (soil: husk charcoal: manure) composition 2:1:1.
Detection of multidrug-resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from oropharyngeal swab in broiler chickens
Authors: Darniati D , Kadir M D A , Rezfha D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogen that causes infection in the respiratory system of animals and humans. Livestock and poultry therapy for bacterial infections, such as K. pneumoniae, further increases the risk of microbial resistance to antibiotics and impacts human health globally. This study aimed to detect multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae in the oropharyngeal swab of broiler chickens. The Samples were collected from 100 broilers in closed-house and open-house system cages (50 samples of each). Identification conducted by fenotipic and genotypic characterization. Isolates characterized are followed by antibiotic sensitivity testing using Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, and Tetracycline. The study successfully identified 5 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Two isolates (4%) were isolated from closed-house system cages, and 3 isolates (6%) were isolated from open-house system cages. Two isolates from closed-house system cages have shown resistance to tested antibiotics except Chloramphenicol, while the 3 isolates from open-house farms still showed sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin (66%) and Chloramphenicol (33%). According to the results, it can be concluded that multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae can be isolated from closed-house and open-housed system cages with different prevalence rates.
Estimating irrigation requirement and scheduling for major crops: Case study in Kampong Thom, Cambodia
Authors: Sophanith THA , Chantola SOT , Mengheak PHOL , Sathea YAN , Chenda LAI , Pinnara KET 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The situation is the outcome of both increased water demand and climate change, the shortage of water resources is increasing in Cambodia. In this regard, efficient irrigation water management for vegetable production is a crucial need for farmers. The main crops farmed in Chroab commune, Santuk district, Kampong Thom province, Cambodia, are cabbage, potato, and tomato. This article uses the CROPWAT model to predict the water requirement. The pressure plant was used to measure the soil’s soil water capacity, and the findings ranged from 45.65 to 234.159 mm/m. The analysis showed that the overall CWR for crop water for the entire growing season for cabbage, potato, and tomato was 589.4 mm/165 days; 442.5 mm/130 days; and 585.4 mm/145 days, respectively. The findings of the study contribute to investigating the irrigation water requirements with scientific soil and climate inputs.