bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of polymer molecular weight using near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Othman Nida Sheibat , Févotte Gilles , Peycelon Dominique , Egraz Jean‐Bernard , Suau Jean‐Marc 
Published: March 2004

AbstractNear Infrared spectroscopy is used to control a polymerization reactor in order to produce solution polymers with well‐defined molecular weight. A model for the monitoring of both the average polymer molecular weight, and the concentration of monomer in the reactor is developed with the partial least‐squares calibration technique applied to the NIR spectra.On the basis of a process model, a nonlinear input–output linearizing geometric approach is then applied to control the polymer molecular weight by manipulating the inlet flow rate of the monomer. The control strategy is then validated on‐line during the solution polymerization of acrylic acid in an industrial pilot scale reactor. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50:654–664, 2004
Methylphosphonic acid oxidation kinetics in supercritical water
Authors: Sullivan Patricia A , Tester Jefferson W. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractOxidation and hydrolysis rates of the model organophosphorus compound, methylphosphonic acid (MPA), were measured in supercritical water. The effects of MPA concentration (0.5 to 1.0 mM), oxygen concentration (1.0 to 3.8 mM), temperature (478 to 572°C) and pressure (138 to 277 bar) on oxidation rates were determined for residence times ranging from 3.0 to 9.5 s. The MPA oxidation rate was dependent on both oxygen concentration and pressure (or water density), but was relatively independent of initial MPA concentration. The only phosphorus‐containing product was phosphoric acid, while the primary carbon‐containing products included carbon monoxide, methane, and carbon dioxide. Data were regressed to an empirical global rate law with a pre‐exponential factor of 1014.0±1.6 (s−1 M−1.47), an activation energy of 228±22 kJ/mol, a first‐order MPA dependence, an oxygen order of 0.30±0.18, and a water order of 1.17±0.30 (all parameters to 95% confidence). A macroscopic model was also developed to estimate reaction rate constants and oxygen dependences of the major identified reaction pathways. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 673–683, 2004
Multiscale hybrid modeling of film deposition within porous substrates
Authors: Gummalla M. , Tsapatsis M. , Watkins J. J. , Vlachos D. G. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractA multiscale, hybrid computational framework for the deposition of films within porous substrates, is developed and applied to a prototype deposition reaction in the opposed reactant flow geometry. The developed model captures transport of reactants through the pores, homogeneous reaction of reagents producing an intermediate species, nucleation, and growth of the film as a moving boundary problem. The pore evolution is described using a capillary model. Adaptive mesh refinement is used to resolve length scales varying from nanometers to one millimeter. Nucleation is treated stochastically at the finest level, whereas transport and reaction at coarser levels are treated deterministically. Transport parameters chosen for these simulations correspond to the deposition of Pd films in porous alumina under supercritical CO2 conditions. The numerical results provide insight into the strategies that could be used to control their thickness, including confining thin films within substrates. For example, it has been found that the location of the deposit within the porous substrate is essentially determined by the relative concentrations of reagents on either side of the porous substrate, and the startup of the process. In addition, it is shown that the interplay of nucleation and growth kinetics determines the morphology and roughness of the deposit at short time scales. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 684–695, 2004
Structure and oxygen permeability of Ag‐doped SrCo0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ oxides
Authors: Tan Liang , Yang Li , Gu Xuehong , Jin Wanqin , Zhang Lixiong , Xu Nanping 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe powders of SrCo0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ (SCF) and SCF doped with a different amount of Ag cation are synthesized by a solid‐state reaction method and the corresponding membranes are prepared. XRD results show that the doped Ag promotes the formation of a perovskite structure. The dissolution of Ag2O into the SCF matrix results in a decreasing lattice constant with the increasing Ag content. The doping of Ag can increase the surface exchange rate and decrease the activation energy of the SCF membrane. The oxygen permeability of the Ag‐doped SCF membrane is mainly influenced by both the reduction of the oxygen vacancy concentration and the improvement of the surface exchange, which depend on the content of the doped Ag and the operation temperature. The highest oxygen permeation flux is obtained when the mole ratio of Ag to SCF is 5%. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 701–707, 2004
Diesel particulate matter and NOx removals using a pulsed corona surface discharge
Authors: Yao S. , Okumoto M. , Yashima T. , Shimogami J. , Madokoro K. , Suzuki E. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractA pulsed corona surface discharge (PCSD) system was established for particulate matter (PM) and NOx removals from a diesel engine. The PCSD was carried out with a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor and a pulse power supply at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. The DBD reactor consisted mainly of an alumina (Al2O3) tube and a stainless steel rod (cathode) inserted in the alumina tube, and an aluminum coil (anode) wound on the outside surface of the Al2O3 tube. Pulse voltage was applied to the outside Al coil and stainless steel rod. PM was removed at a rate of 89% at maximum with 40% NOx removal. Relations of pulse voltage and frequency to PM and NOx removals were investigated. PM was oxidized by NO2 and other kinds of active oxygen species, such as O and O3 from plasma discharges. A surface adsorption/desorption and PM oxidation model of PM removal was established. The kinetic equations and their constants were given. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50:715–721, 2004
Social behavior profile in young males with fragile X syndrome: Characteristics and specificity
Authors: Kau Alice S.M. , Tierney Elaine , Bukelis Irena , Stump Mariah H. , Kates Wendy R. , Trescher William H. , Kaufmann Walter E. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe present study characterizes distinctive and specific features of social behavior impairment, termed social behavior profile (SBP), in young males with fragile X syndrome (FraX). Fourteen males with FraX and autism (FraX+Aut), ages 3–8 years, were compared with either 41 FraX boys without autism (Aut), 7 age‐matched males with developmental language delay and autism (DLD+Aut), or with 11 boys with non‐selected (for language delay) idiopathic autism (IA), on several standardized instruments assessing social behavior and autistic features (i.e., autism diagnostic interview‐revised, ADI‐R). We found that FraX+Aut subjects displayed more impairment in overall cognition, problem/aberrant behavior, and adaptive behavior than the rest of the FraX cohort, even when individuals with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) were included in the latter. Compared to both DLD+Aut and IA, FraX+Aut males were less impaired in ADI‐R reciprocal social interaction (RECS) domain. However, boys with FraX+Aut were in general comparable to DLD+Aut subjects in problem/aberrant and adaptive behaviors. Based on the contrast between FraX+Aut and non‐autistic FraX and DLD+Aut, we were able to identify measures (e.g., child behavior checklist (CBCL) withdrawn subscale) that better define social interaction impairment in FraX. Comparisons with DLD+Aut and IA led to the conclusion that communication impairment (COMM) and stereotypic behavior contribute relatively more to the diagnosis of autism in FraX+Aut. In agreement with recent studies, our data suggest that FraX+Aut, and more generally SBP, is a distinctive subphenotype among boys with FraX, which may share some pathophysiological mechanisms with IA. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Growth of heterokaryotic monozygotic twins discordant for Ullrich–Turner syndrome during the first years of life
Authors: Rohrer T.R. , Gassmann K.F. , Rauch A. , Pfeiffer R.A. , Doerr H.G. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe rare observation of different karyotypes in monozygotic (MZ) twins, i.e., heterokaryotic monozygosity, occurs due to chromosomal aberration in one of the twins after separation of the embryos. We report on the differences of heterokaryotic MZ Turkish twins who are discordant for Ullrich–Turner syndrome. Chromosomal analyses from peripheral lymphocytes revealed a 45,X/46,XX mosaicism in both twins. FISH analyses of buccal smears showed 99% of nuclei 45,X in twin A and 98% of nuclei 46,XX in twin B. These results are consistent with a non‐mosaic 45,X and 46,XX karyotype, respectively. The girls showed a different growth pattern in the first years. As their genotype should be identical except for the number of X chromosomes, the difference in phenotype may be a pure result of loss of one X chromosome in the affected girl. Special interest is set on the spontaneous and growth hormone induced growth of the twins. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A study of reciprocal translocations and inversions detected by light microscopy with special reference to origin, segregation, and recurrent abnormalities
Authors: Youings Sheila , Ellis Katrina , Ennis Sarah , Barber John , Jacobs Patricia 
Published: March 2004

AbstractWe analyzed 448 independently ascertained reciprocal translocations and 220 inversions referred to our diagnostic laboratory. Twenty‐eight percent of the translocations and 8.5% of the inversions arose de novo, the proportion being influenced by the method of ascertainment. It was highest, 47%, among translocations ascertained through an abnormal phenotype. With the exception of the 3:1 unbalanced segregants, the remainders were equally likely to have been paternally or maternally inherited. The segregation from balanced translocation and inversion carriers showed an equal number of offspring with a normal chromosome constitution and with a balanced rearrangement. The number of unbalanced segregants among the translocations was 2.7% where the proband was balanced, and 19.2% where the proband was unbalanced. There was only a single unbalanced inversion. A search for recurring translocations showed only the well documented t(11;22) to occur with unusual frequency in our series and those of others, and we concluded that the few other translocations that were seen on more than one occasion were likely to be identical by descent (IBD). Similarly the majority of the recurring inversions, with the exception of “common variants,” seemed likely to be IBD. However, eight inversions recurred in our data and in most other series and may well be genuine independent rearrangements. A search of the known olfactory receptor (OR) loci and duplicons suggested that such sequences did not form an important contribution to the breakpoints of recurring rearrangements detected by light microscopy. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
XX‐agonadism in a fetus with multiple congenital anomalies
Authors: Woo Hennie H.N. , Lo Ivan F.M. , Tse H.Y. , Lam Stephen T.S. , Tang C.H. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractWe report on an 18‐week gestation fetus with 46,XX karyotype, gonadal agenesis, meningo‐encephalocele, spina bifida, omphalocele, webbing of right upper limb, deformed right clavicle and right sided ribs, absent interventricular septum, hypoplastic aorta, hypoplastic spleen, and single umbilical artery. This case is similar to the one previously described by Kennerknecht et al. in 1997 and may represent a unique syndrome. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Psychosocial impact of predictive testing for myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Prévost Claude , Veillette Suzanne , Perron Michel , Laberge Claude , Tremblay Carmen , Auclair Julie , Villeneuve Josée , Tremblay Marc , Mathieu Jean 
Published: March 2004

AbstractIn the Saguenay‐Lac‐Saint‐Jean region (Quebec, Canada), a predictive DNA‐testing program for myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) has been available as a clinical service since 1988. From 1 to 12 years (median, 5 years) after receiving predictive testing, a total of 308 participants (44 carriers and 264 non‐carriers) answered a questionnaire to determine the psychosocial impact of this genetic testing. The main reasons for wanting to be tested were to learn if children are at risk for DM1 or for reproductive decision making (75%) and to relieve the uncertainty for themselves (17%). The majority of participants (96.1%) remembered correctly their test result. At the time of the survey, the perception of the general well‐being, the psychological distress (Psychiatric Symptom Index), and the self‐esteem (Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale) were similar in carriers, in non‐carriers, and in the reference (Quebec) population. When participants indicated a change in different aspects of their lives following predictive testing, it was perceived as a change for the better by non‐carriers and as a change for the worse by carriers. Nevertheless, for a majority of carriers and of non‐carriers, the test result did not bring changes in their lives. All respondents believed that predictive testing should be available for the at‐risk population and the vast majority of carrier and of non‐carriers would recommend the use of predictive testing to their family members. Predictive testing for individuals at‐risk of DM1 can be offered safely within a well‐organized clinical and genetic counseling program that includes careful pre‐test counseling, pre‐test clinical assessment, post‐test psychological support, and follow‐up for those identified as carriers. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Five haplotypes account for fifty‐five percent of ATM mutations in Brazilian patients with ataxia telangiectasia: Seven new mutations
Authors: Coutinho Gabriela , Mitui Midori , Campbell Catarina , Costa Carvalho Beatriz T. , Nahas Shareef , Sun Xia , Huo Yong , Lai Chih‐hung , Thorstenson Yvonne , Tanouye Robert , Raskin Salmo , Kim Chong A. , Llerena Juan , Gatti Richard A. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractWe have studied the molecular genetics of 27 Brazilian families with ataxia telangiectasia (AT). Five founder effect haplotypes accounted for 55.5% of the families. AT is an autosomal recessive disorder of childhood onset characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, ocular apraxia, telangiectasia, immunodeficiency, radiation sensitivity, chromosomal instability, and predisposition to cancer. The ATM gene spans more than 150 kb on chromosome region 11q23.1 and encodes a product of 3,056 amino acids. The ATM protein is a member of the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI‐3K) family of proteins and is involved in cell cycle control and DNA repair pathways. DNA was isolated from lymphoblastoid cell lines and haplotyped using four STR markers (D11S1818, NS22, D11S2179, D11S1819) within and flanking the ATM gene; all allele sizes were standardized in advance. In addition to the STR haplotypes, SNP haplotypes were determined using 10 critical polymorphisms. The entire gene was screened sequentially by protein truncation testing (PTT), single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and then denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (dHPLC) to identify the disease‐causing mutations. Of the expected 54 mutations, 50 were identified. All mutations but one, led to a truncated or null form of the ATM protein (nonsense, splice site, or frameshift). Five families (18.5%) carried a deletion of 3450nt (from IVS28 to Ex31), making this one of the two most common Brazilian mutations. Mutations were located throughout the entire gene, with no clustering or hotspots. Standardized STR haplotype analysis greatly enhanced the efficiency of mutation screening. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Absolute configuration of chiral terpenes in marking pheromones of bumblebees and cuckoo bumblebees
Authors: Luxová Anna , Urbanová Klára , Valterová Irena , Terzo Michael , Borg‐Karlson Anna‐Karin 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe absolute configurations of citronellol, 2,3‐dihydrofarnesol, and 2,3‐dihydrofarnesal in male marking pheromones of seven species of bumblebees and cuckoo bumblebees were determined by enantioselective gas chromatography on a capillary column coated with 60% heptakis(2,3‐di‐O‐acetyl‐6‐O‐TBDMS)‐β‐cyclodextrin in polysiloxane PS 268. Pure (−)‐S‐enantiomers of all three terpenes were found in the labial glands of all investigated specimens of the following species: Bombus (Bombus) terrestris, B. (Bombus) lucorum, B. (Pyrobombus) pratorum, B. (Pyrobombus) pyrenaeus, B. (Pyrobombus) jonellus, B. (Pyrobombus) impatiens, and the cuckoo bumblebee B. (Ashtonipsithyrus) bohemicus. Within species, specimens were collected at different localities and in different years. Except for 2,3‐dihydrofarnesol in B. terrestris, this is the first report on the absolute configuration of terpenes in marking pheromones of bumblebees. Chirality 16:228–233, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Circular dichroism of 1,3‐dioxane‐type (2′‐naphthyl)methylene acetals of glycosides
Authors: Kurtán Tibor , Borbás Anikó , Szabó Zoltán B. , Lipták András , Bényei Attila , Antus Sándor 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe CD spectra are reported for a series of 1,3‐dioxane‐type 4,6‐O‐(2′‐naphthyl)methylene acetals of carbohydrates with and without interacting aromatic protective groups on the C‐1, C‐2, and C‐3 hydroxy groups. In the absence of interacting chromophores, the signs of the 1B transitions are not sensitive to the configuration of C‐4, while the signs of the weak 1La bands are opposite in the galacto and gluco derivatives. The equatorial parallel conformation is found to be the preferred conformation of the 2‐naphthyl group in the solid state by X‐ray diffraction. The intense 1Ba and 1Bb transitions of the naphthalene chromophore allowed a safe configurational assignment by exciton coupled interaction with the aromatic protective groups in para‐methoxyphenyl‐β‐D‐glycosides. The origin of the observed CEs were deduced and the additivity of the interactions was studied. The direction of the hydrogenolytic cleavage of 4,6‐O‐(2′‐naphthyl)methylene acetal of carbohydrates could also be detected by the 1Bb transition of the 2‐naphthyl chromophore. Chirality 16:244–250, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chiral recognition ability of curdlan triacetate: solvent and temperature effects
Authors: Toga Yuzo , Ichida Akito , Shibata Tohru , Tachibana Kozo , Namikoshi Hajime 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe chiral recognition ability of the chiral stationary phase (CSP) consisting of curdlan (β‐1,3‐glucan) triacetate coated on silica gel was clearly changed by the contacting solvents and heat treatment. The chiral recognition ability significantly decreased, particularly at temperatures above 45°C, depending on the racemates. The molecular weight of the curdlan triacetate slightly influenced its ability. The recognition abilities of curdlan tricetate that was lost by heat treatment were partially recovered by contact with methanol. However, when it was contacted with ethanol a different selectivity was observed. The labile chiral recognition ability of curdlan triacetate is in striking contrast to the very stable chiral recognition of cellulose (β‐1,4‐glucan) triacetate (Chiralcel OA). This difference may be ascribed to the conformational stability of the acetates consisting of curdlan (β‐1,3‐glucan) and cellulose (β‐1,4‐glucan) with different sugar linkages. Chirality 16:272–276, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Placement algorithm for rectilinear core cells by multilayered parametric BSG
Authors: Sakanushi Keishi , Nakatake Shigetoshi , Kajitani Yoji 
Published: March 2004

AbstractAlthough the bounded sliceline grid (BSG) is an effective data structure for treating rectangular placement, it needs to deal with more complicated rectilinear figures such as L‐ or T‐shaped figures in its applications to VLSI layouts. A number of studies have been conducted regarding this problem, but the methods considered in these studies not only have not considered representation of the optimal placement of complicated rectilinear figures but also have not generated permissible neighboring solutions, and searching optimal solutions by search schemes based on these methods is difficult. In order to resolve this problem, this paper proposes multilayered parametric BSG and a placement algorithm using the multilayered parametric BSG. Multilayering allows descriptions representing conditions for nonoverlapping of rectilinear figures simultaneously with constraints of each layer. Parameterization allows multiple solutions represented by the BSG. The proposed method represents complicated rectilinear figures as combinations of a number of element rectangles. When a figure (core cell) with the element rectangles having common parts is the input, it gives the conditions of the multilayered parametric BSG guaranteeing the possibility of generating an optimal solution in terms of the surface area. The practicability of the idea of the proposed method has been verified by testing with several tens of figure inputs by implementing an optimal solution search algorithm based on simulated annealing based on the proposed data structure. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 87(7): 66–78, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10079
Adaptive Volterra filters using multirate signal processing and their application to identification of loudspeaker systems
Authors: Kinoshita Satoshi , Kajikawa Yoshinobu , Nomura Yasuo 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe subband adaptive Volterra filter (SBAVF), which can assign the filter length of each subband arbitrarily, is proposed. If the frequency characteristics of a system to be identified are shifted to a certain bandwidth, it is usually not possible to carry out efficient identification by taking account of the shift of the bandwidth in a (full band) adaptive Volterra filter. On the other hand, in the proposed SBAVF, efficient system identification is possible by assigning a longer filter length to the dominant frequency range of the system of interest. When the proposed method is applied to a speaker system, it is shown through simulation results that the error attenuation can be improved from 1.5 dB to 7.5 dB in comparison with the conventional method. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 87(7): 45–54, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10135