bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of cardiac benefit after intramyocardial or intravenous injection of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles supports the need for optimized cardiac delivery
Authors: Xu Cynthia M. , Broadwin Mark , Faherty Patrick , Teixeira Rayane Brinck , Sabra Mohamed , Sellke Frank W. , Abid M. Ruhul 
Published: December 2023

Aim: To determine the differences in improvement in cardiac function by intramyocardial (IM) vs. intravenous (IV) injection of human bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (HBMSC-EV) after acute MI.
Methods: FVB mice underwent acute MI via left anterior descending coronary artery ligation and subsequent injection of: (1) IM saline control; (2) IM HBMSC-EV; (3) IV saline control; and (4) IV HBMSC-EV. Cardiac function was evaluated with weekly postoperative echocardiography. On postoperative day 28, the mice were euthanized, and the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys were harvested. Given previous studies showing HBMSC-EV hepatic uptake after IV injection, the liver was evaluated for changes in inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation.
Results: On postoperative day 28, there were no significant differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.6151), fractional shortening (P = 0.1135), or anterior border zone fibrosis (P = 0.6333) in any of the experimental groups. Interestingly, there was a strong trend demonstrating improvement in infarct size on fibrosis staining, which did not reach significance (P = 0.05620). There were no differences in hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation.
Conclusions: Although there was a trend in the improvement in infarct size, a single-dose administration of neither IM nor IV injection of HBMSC-EV resulted in significant improvement in post-MI cardiac function. A major limitation of this study is the lack of trials determining the optimal dose of HBMSC-EV needed in this model. However, the current study demonstrates that future studies are required to either optimize administration or bioengineer HBMSC-EV with cardiac-homing properties.
Error Rates of Data Processing Methods in Clinical Research: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Manuscripts Identified Through PubMed
Authors: Garza Maryam Y. , Williams Tremaine , Ounpraseuth Songthip , Hu Zhuopei , Lee Jeannette , Snowden Jessica , Walden Anita C. , Simon Alan E. , Devlin Lori A. , Young Leslie W. , Zozus Meredith N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: In clinical research, prevention of systematic and random errors of data collected is paramount to ensuring reproducibility of trial results and the safety and efficacy of the resulting interventions. Over the last 40 years, empirical assessments of data accuracy in clinical research have been reported in the literature. Although there have been reports of data error and discrepancy rates in clinical studies, there has been little systematic synthesis of these results. Further, although notable exceptions exist, little evidence exists regarding the relative accuracy of different data processing methods. We aim to address this gap by evaluating error rates for 4 data processing methods.
Methods:A systematic review of the literature identified through PubMed was performed to identify studies that evaluated the quality of data obtained through data processing methods typically used in clinical trials: medical record abstraction (MRA), optical scanning, single-data entry, and double-data entry. Quantitative information on data accuracy was abstracted from the manuscripts and pooled. Meta-analysis of single proportions based on the Freeman-Tukey transformation method and the generalized linear mixed model approach were used to derive an overall estimate of error rates across data processing methods used in each study for comparison.
Results: A total of 93 papers (published from 1978 to 2008) meeting our inclusion criteria were categorized according to their data processing methods. The accuracy associated with data processing methods varied widely, with error rates ranging from 2 errors per 10,000 fields to 2,784 errors per 10,000 fields. MRA was associated with both high and highly variable error rates, having a pooled error rate of 6.57% (95% CI: 5.51, 7.72). In comparison, the pooled error rates for optical scanning, single-data entry, and double-data entry methods were 0.74% (0.21, 1.60), 0.29% (0.24, 0.35) and 0.14% (0.08, 0.20), respectively.
Conclusions: Data processing and cleaning methods may explain a significant amount of the variability in data accuracy. MRA error rates, for example, were high enough to impact decisions made using the data and could necessitate increases in sample sizes to preserve statistical power. Thus, the choice of data processing methods can likely impact process capability and, ultimately, the validity of trial results.
The Behavior of Wear and Corrosion Resistance of thin-film coated Titanium alloy substrate
Authors: Joshi Anoop , C Anush , K Chandrappa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Thin-film barrier coating on titanium alloy substrate features a vast range of applications among which aeronautic and marine applications are significant. Talking about 2 very different aspects, whose requirements and application are way apart. Titanium has always been beneficial in both these products applications. The introduction of titanium in aerospace and marine locomotive parts will have significant importance on parameters like pressure withstanding capacity and corrosion resistance. Our immense perseverance is to satisfy the above intent by giving a thin coating on Titanium alloy substrate. We prepared 4 sample specimens of OT-41 alloy and the following materials were coated on them via PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) process: TiN, AlcroNa pro, DLC (diamond-like-carbo), and WCC (Tungsten carbide carbon coating) coated for about 2 to 4 microns over the substrate titanium alloy. TiN and AlCrONa coating were done using the arc spray method and WCC and DLC coating was done using the sputtering process.
Coated samples are then subjected to corrosion resistance test using neutral salt spray method and wear resistance or abrasion resistance test using pin on disc method. Corrosion’s resistance results mainly depend on the uniformity of coating and wear resistance on the bonding of coated material over a base metal. Any fissure or notches on the coated surface material will result in early red rust detection in turn leading to failure of corrosion resistance and wear resistance is dependent on two major factors: coated material property and its bonding with the base metal. Having lower bonding with base metal makes it easy to erode which fails to wear resistance. Knowing the fact that titanium by nature is a nonreactive metal, it is difficult to coat any material over titanium or its alloys but the above-mentioned coatings were found to have a good bonding with titanium. Further in this research, we will be concentrating on the methodology and results of mentioned tests.
FFL-Track: Classroom Students Pose Tracking with First and Latest Frames Based on Fliter
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Dou Yan , Zhang Rong , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of low accuracy and time-consuming, combined with the characteristics of students' mutual obstruction and small activity space, a student pose tracking model based on filter with first and latest frames in classroom video is proposed, established a 14-point human pose representation module to represent the unobstructed joints’ information with fewer parameters, in order to reduce data redundancy and improve the model calculation speed and tracking accuracy, the human pose filtering module was constructed to remove the invalid pose that detects errors and detect duplicate in-frame redundant poses, and through the FL-Track module is used to match the target students with information of the student's first skeleton and the latest frame to comprehensively calculate the similarity of the students in different frames by using IOU and greedy algorithms. the experimental results on the classroom student pose tracking dataset created show that in the same experimental environment, compared with the SOTA, FFL-Track’s accuracy is increased by 5.94\%, and the frame rate is increased by 1.2fps, which greatly reduces the reasoning time and provides a great foundation for the downstream tasks in the classroom scene.
Responses of ecosystem services and their trade-offs and synergies to spatiotemporal differentiation of urbanization: Evidence from the Su-Xi-Chang region, China
Authors: Fu Qi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Assessing the impact of urbanization on ecosystem services is an important part of improving understanding of the harmonious coexistence between people and nature. Despite recent progress, it remains challenging for influence mechanism of different urbanization stages and areas on ecosystem services and their trade-offs and synergies. Here, we analyzed the responses of four ecosystem services (crop production, water retention, heat mitigation, flood mitigation) and their trade-offs and synergies to the spatial and temporal differentiation of urbanization in the Su-Xi-Chang region of China from 1990 to 2020. The results showed that the relationship between ecosystem services and urbanization was "U"-shaped curve. In terms of space and time, the greatest loss of ecosystem services occurred in developing urban areas and during the rapidly urbanizing stage. Also, urbanization weakened trade-offs and enhanced lose-lose situations, showing an "S"-shaped curve. Based on the results, some suggestions are proposed aimed at promoting sustainable urban development.
Fine mapping of CaMYB113 regulating anthocyanin accumulation in pepper cotyledons
Authors: liu sujun , Yang Hanyu , Zhang Haizhou , Liu Jiankun , Ma Shijie , Hui Han , Wang Liru , Cheng Qing , Shen Huolin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cotyledon color can serve as a convenient and efficient morphological marker in F1 hybrid seeds screening, however, few studies on mutants affecting the color of cotyledon have been reported. A genetic population was generated by crossing 21C1344 with purple cotyledon and 21C912 with green cotyledon and the localization of CaMYB113 on chromosome 10 was determined. The results of virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) demonstrated a substantial decrease in anthocyanin accumulation in cotyledons upon silencing of CaMYB113. The overexpression of the CaMYB113 gene not only resulted in purple pigmentation in both callus and leaves, but also changed the expression levels of downstream genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis. CaMYB113 could bind to crucial genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis demonstrated by the yeast one-hybrid assay, thereby regulating anthocyanin production and accumulation in capsicum cotyledons. The gene we identified could be converted into a reliable selection marker for achieving stable genetic transformation, while also providing valuable insights for maintaining purity in pepper hybrid seeds.
Pollution in soils around a lead-zinc mine, Southern China
Authors: Liu Wenting , Li Ming , Tamehe Landry Soh , Huang Lishan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Environmental pollution is a major concern worldwide since it affects surrounding farmland soils as well as the food chain and human health. Soils were contaminated by nearby abandoned lead-zinc mine in South China. The contents of heavy metals in these soils have severely exceeded the threshold local values according to the China national standard. This study provides a scientific reference to apply remediation methods for polluted soils by heavy metals for the restoration of ecological environment ofsoils around lead-zinc mine.
Implementing 4D seismic inversion based on Linear Programming techniques for CO2 monitoring at the Sleipner field CCS site in the North Sea, Norway
Authors: Singh Ajay Pratap , MAURYA S. P. , Tiwari Ravikant , Singh K.H. , Singh Raghav , Srivas M.K. , Hema G. , Verma Nitin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The critical task of overseeing and validating the storage and confinement of carbon dioxide (CO2) in geological formations or designated repositories, particularly within the framework of carbon capture and storage (CCS) initiatives, involves the meticulous process of CO2 sequestration monitoring. In this study, a seismic inversion method incorporating linear programming sparse spike inversion (LPSSI) was employed to observe and analyze the CO2 plume in the Sleipner field, Norway. The foundational dataset includes 3D post-stack seismic data from the year 1994, with special emphasis on the monitoring data collected in 1999, following four years of CO2 sequestration. The initial stage involved the equalization of data to guarantee the consistency of seismic traces, particularly beyond the reservoir zone. This was crucial, considering the primary focus on detecting changes in reservoir properties over time. The analysis utilized synthetic data to investigate alterations in seismic amplitude, highlighting that amplitude variations were more prominent compared to variations in velocity and density. Through the cross-equalization process, it was observed that the initial data repeatability was low, indicated by a normalized root mean square (NRMS) value of 0.6508. However, significant improvement was achieved, bringing the NRMS value to a more satisfactory level of 0.5581. This improvement underscored the alignment of features both above and below the reservoir, underscoring the efficacy of the cross-equalization technique. The outcomes of the 4D inversion provided insights into the distribution of CO2 within the reservoir, revealing upward migration. Importantly, the results confirmed the secure storage of CO2 within the reservoir, affirming the integrity of the overlying cap layer. The study offers valuable contributions to understanding reservoir dynamics during production, thereby enhancing our capacity to optimize CO2 storage and implement safe reservoir management practices.
The Mechanism of Self-Efficacy on English Learning Motivation of College Students -- Mediation of Cognitive Load
Authors: Zhang Hui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research constructs a model for the mechanism of self-efficacy's influence on English learning motivation among college students, and explores the mediating role of cognitive load in English learning. Using structural equation modeling, the research sampled college students from XX University and XX Vocational College to validate the research model. The results indicate that self-efficacy has a significant impact on deep-level motivation and achievement motivation in college students' English learning; cognitive load in college students' English learning has a significant effect on surface-level motivation, but has no significant effect on deep-level motivation and achievement motivation; cognitive load only has partial mediating effects between self-efficacy and surface-level motivation in college students' English learning.
Developing a Method to Measure Bioavailable Phosphorus in River Water via Simultaneous Multisample Ultrasonic Extraction
Authors: Ling Ting Ka , Phong Nguyen Tan , Yokota Kuriko , Inoue Takanobu , Ngoc Nguyen Minh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

To reduce watershed eutrophication, measurements of bioavailable phosphorus (BAP) rather than total phosphorus (TP) are deemed critical. However, standard methods for direct and routine BAP measurement in river water have not been widely investigated. Therefore, in this study, a simultaneous multisample ultrasonic extraction method is proposed to measure total BAP (TBAP) in river water. Spike-and-recovery assessments showed that at least three repeated extractions are required to maintain accuracy. Results showed that sample P concentrations obtained using a 2-min extraction time and three extractions were consistent with theoretical values. Furthermore, the TBAP extraction results from custom samples containing different P sediment concentrations obtained under these conditions showed no significant differences between experimental and theoretical concentrations. Additionally, river water TBAP was quantified using the conventional and proposed method to examine the practicality of using the proposed method for simultaneous multisample ultrasonic extraction and to evaluate its adaptability to actual river water analysis. The extracted concentrations matched those obtained using the conventional method, in which total BAP is calculated as the sum of dissolved BAP and particulate BAP; no significant difference was observed between the concentrations. Ultrasonic extraction was considerably less time-consuming than the conventional method because more samples could be analyzed during a single run. Therefore, the simultaneous multisample ultrasonic extraction method proposed in this study can be used to directly quantify total BAP in river water.
Characterisation, Activation, and Reactivity of Heterogenous Natural Clays
Authors: Hazarika Amrita , Huang Liming , Babaahmadi Arezou 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Although thermal and mechanochemical activations of natural clays are well-documented, there exists a dual research gap. Firstly, a thorough investigation into the interrelationship between these activation methods and the governing parameters of reactivity for various clays has been notably lacking. Secondly, there is a distinct scarcity of studies specifically focusing on heterogeneous clays compared to the extensive research dedicated to single-layer clays specially kaolinitic clays. This study investigates the correlation of activation methods, and changes in the clay mineralogy, particle size distributions, morphology, specific surface area, and the reactivity of heterogeneous clays. Traditional thermal and mechanochemical activation methods often fall short in achieving complete dehydroxylation of heterogeneous clay minerals and improving their reactivity beyond predefined low thresholds. The results in this paper emphasize that, despite these limitations, combining these activation methods brings about significant modifications in crucial parameters. Notably, integrating 20 minutes of mechanochemical activation at 500 rpm with prior thermal treatment leads to 158% increase in specific surface area compared to mechanochemical activation conducted on un-calcined clays. Simultaneously, these combined activations result in up to 127% improvement in reactivity levels of heterogenous clays compared to standalone mechanochemical activation. The results underscore that, even with the advancements brought about by combined activations, the presence of impurities like iron oxides and calcite remains a noteworthy factor influencing the reactivity of kaolinitic natural clays. The study concludes by highlighting the potential of combined treatments to enhance the pozzolanicity of low-reactive heterogeneous clays, unlocking avenues for future clinker supplementation with this abundant resource.
Inequities in sleep duration and quality among adolescents in Canada
Authors: Mitchell Jessica , Magier Megan J. , Duncan Markus J. , Chaput Jean-Philippe , Carson Valerie , Faulkner Guy , Belita Emily , Vanderloo Leigh , Riazi Negin , Laxer Rachel , Carsley Sarah , Leatherdale Scott , Patte Karen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Several recent global events may have impacted adolescent sleep and exacerbated pre-existing disparities by social positions. Current understanding of sleep among adolescents is critical to inform interventions for a more equitable future, given the short and long-term consequences of inadequate sleep on health and well-being This study aimed to provide contemporary evidence on sleep disparities by key social positions among adolescents in Canada.
Methods
Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using self-reported data collected during 2020–2021 (the first full school year after the COVID-19 pandemic onset) from 52,138 students (mean age = 15.0) attending 133 Canadian secondary schools. Multiple regression models were used to test whether sleep quality (how well students slept during past week), duration (weekday, weekend, weighted daily average), and guideline adherence (8–10 h/day) differed by sex/gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES).
Results
Females reported a mean [95% CI] difference of -1.7 [-3.7, 0.4] min/day less sleep on weekdays than males, but 7.1 [4.5, 9.6] min/day more sleep on weekends, resulting in no difference in average daily sleep between males and females. Females were less likely to report good quality sleep compared to males (AOR = 0.57 [0.54, 0.60]). SES followed a generally monotonic trend where higher scores were associated with more sleep on weekdays (Δhighest:lowest = -28.6 [-39.5, -17.6]) and weekends (Δhighest:lowest = -17.5 [-3.8, -31.2]) and greater likelihood of higher sleep quality (AORhighest:lowest = 3.04 [2.35, 3.92]). Relative to White adolescents, weekday and average daily sleep duration were lower among all other racial identities; mean differences ranged from ~ 5–15 min/day, with Black students reporting the least sleep.
Conclusions
Differences in sleep duration and quality were most profound among adolescents from the lowest and highest SES. Racial disparities were more evident on weekdays. Compensatory weekend sleep appears more pronounced in females than males. Addressing sleep inequities is critical, as a robust predictor of multiple health outcomes.
Isolation, Characterization, and Mycostimulation of Fungi for the Degradation of PAHs at US Superfund Site
Authors: Crittenden Joshua , Raudabaugh Daniel , Gunsch Claudia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mycoremediation is a biological treatment approach that relies on fungi to transform environmental pollutants into intermediates with lower environmen- tal burden. Traditionally, Basidiomycetes were the target fungal phylum used in mycoremediation, however this phylum was found to be unsuccessful when scaled up. In this study, we isolated, characterized, and identified potential polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degrading fungal isolates from creosote- contaminated sediment in the Elizabeth River, Virginia. A total of 132 isolates were isolated, of which the overwhelming majority belonged to the phylum Ascomycota. Isolates were screened for their ability to produce known PAH degrading enzymes, particularly laccase and manganese- dependent peroxidases, and to transform model PAH compounds, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene. Fungal isolates were subsequently biostimulated using com- plex amendments including chicken feathers, wheat seeds, grasshoppers, and maple saw dust. Following biostimulation, laccase expression and PAH transfor- mation was assessed. The grasshopper amendment was found to yield the best results in terms of laccase upregulation with a maximum observed upregulation of 18.9% for the Paraphaeosphaeria isolate. The Septoriella and Trichoderma isolates exposed to the chitin-based grasshopper amendment demonstrated an increase in PAH removal. Septoriella saw an increase of 44% FLA, 54.2% PYR, and 48.7% BaP, while the Trichoderma isolate saw an increase removal of 58.3% BaP. While the results from this study demonstrate the poten- tial of local Superfund site soil fungi to be used for the removal of PAH, additional invesitgation is need to determine if the response to the chitin-based grasshopper mycostimulation can be translated from in vitro to in vivo.