bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of Supportive Parents – Coping Kids (SPARCK) - a Transdiagnostic and Personalized Parent Training Intervention to Prevent Childhood Mental Health Problems
Authors: Tømmerås Truls , Backer-Grøndahl Agathe , Høstmælingen Andreas , Laland Hanne , Gomez Maria Begonã , Apeland Anett , Karlsson Line Ragna Aakre , Grønlie Anette Arnesen , Torsvik Sissel , Bringedal Görel Eriksson , Aas Monica , Fisher Phillip Andrew , Gardner Frances , Kjøbli John , Malmberg-Heimonen Ira , Nissen-Lie Helene Amundsen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: To meet the scientific and political call for effective prevention of child and youth mental health problems and associated long-term consequences, we have co-created, tested, and optimized a transdiagnostic preventive parent-training intervention, Supportive parents – coping kids (SPARCK), together with and for the municipal preventive frontline services. The target group of SPARCK is parents of children between 4 and 12 years who display symptoms of anxiety, depression, and/or behavioral problems, that is, indicated prevention. The intervention consists of components from various empirically supported interventions representing different theorical models on parent-child interactions and child behavior and psychopathology (i.e., behavioral management interventions, attachment theory, emotion socialization theory, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and family accommodation intervention). The content and target strategies of SPARCK are tailored to the needs of the families and children, and the manual suggests how the target strategies may be personalized and combined throughout the maximum 12 sessions of the intervention. The aim of this project is to investigate the effectiveness of SPARCK on child symptoms, parenting practices, and parent and child stress hormone levels, in addition to later use of specialized services compared with usual care (UC; eg. active comparison group).
Methods: We describe a randomized controlled effectiveness trial in the frontline services of child welfare, health, school health and school psychological counselling services in 24 Norwegian municipalities. It is a two-armed parallel group randomized controlled effectiveness and superiority trial with assessment of key variables at pre-, post-, and six-month follow-up. 252 families will be included, and randomly allocated to SPARCK or UC.
Discussion: The current study will contribute with knowledge on potential effects of a preventive transdiagnostic parent-training intervention when compared with UC. Our primary objective is to innovate frontline services with a usable, flexible, and effective intervention for prevention of childhood mental health problems to promote equity in access to care for families and children across a heterogeneous service landscape characterized by variations in available resources, personnel, and end user symptomatology.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NTCT05800522
Analysis of the current situation of the utilization of medical resources and factors influencing the health-seeking behaviors of patients with chronic diseases
Authors: Chang Yujiao , Lu Yingjun , Liu Nian , Zeng Aizhong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
In the face of the increasing rate of population aging, the prevalence of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly people is also rapidly increasing. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between factors influencing outpatient and hospitalization health-seeking behaviors among middle-aged and elderly people with chronic diseases.
Methods
The study population was consecutive patients with chronic diseases who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) baseline and follow-up surveys in 2018. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the independent and common factors affecting outpatient visits and hospitalization visits.
Results
A total of 14,036 chronic disease patients aged 45 years and older were included as survey respondents in this study, only 18.87% had outpatient visits in the past month and 19.24% had hospitalization visits in the past year. The adjusted model showed that age, sex, education level, type of residence, and self-reported health level were factors influencing the outpatient health-seeking behavior of chronic disease patients (p < 0.05), and age, sex, type of residence, hukou type, monthly income, type of health insurance, and self-reported health level were factors influencing hospitalization health-seeking behavior of chronic diseases (p < 0.05). Age, sex, and self-reported health level were common influences on outpatient and hospitalization health-seeking behaviors of patients with chronic diseases. Education level was a separate influencing factor for outpatient visits, and hukou type, monthly income, and health insurance were separate influencing factors for hospitalization visits. Type of residence was a multi-categorical variable with differential effects on different health-seeking behaviors.
Conclusions
The chronic disease patients have lower health-seeking behaviors, and this study suggests that there are similarities and differences in the factors affecting outpatient and inpatient health-seeking behaviors of chronic disease patients. In order to improve patients' health-seeking behavior, it is important to identify and take appropriate measures to intervene on the influencing factors in time.
Twenty-four-hour activity-count behavior patterns associated with depressive symptoms: Cross-sectional study by a big data-machine learning approach
Authors: Nawrin Saida Salima , Inada Hitoshi , Momma Haruki , Nagatomi Ryoichi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Depression is a global burden with profound personal and economic consequences. Previous studies have reported that the amount of physical activity is associated with depression. However, the relationship between the temporal patterns of physical activity and depressive symptoms is poorly understood. We hypothesize that the temporal patterns of daily physical activity could better explain the association of physical activity with depressive symptoms.
Methods
To address the hypothesis, we investigated the association between depressive symptoms and daily dominant activity behaviors based on 24-hour temporal patterns of physical activity. We conducted a cross-sectional study on NHANES 2011–2012 data where the data is collected from the noninstitutionalized civilian resident population of the United States. The number of participants that had the whole set of physical activity data collected by the accelerometer is 6613. Among 6613 participants 4242 participants had complete demography and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) questionnaire, a tool to quantify depressive symptoms.
Results
We identified four physical activity-count behaviors based on five physical activity-counting patterns classified by unsupervised machine learning. Regarding PHQ-9 scores, we found that evening dominant behavior was positively associated with depressive symptoms compared to morning dominant behavior as the control group.
Conclusions
Our results might contribute to monitoring and identifying individuals with latent depressive symptoms, emphasizing the importance of nuanced activity patterns and their probability of assessing depressive symptoms effectively.
MicroRNA-204-5p attenuates oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation by targeting TXNIP in diabetic cataract
Authors: Cao Xiang , Jiang Zhixin , Bu Xiaofei , Li Qingyu , Tian Ye , Xu Zijiao , Zhang Boyang , Yuan Xiaoyong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Diabetic cataract (DC) is a major cause of blindness in diabetic patients and it is characterized by early onset and rapid progression. MiR-204-5p was previously identified as one of the top five down-regulated miRNAs in human DC lens tissues. We aimed to determine the expression of miR-204-5p in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and explore its effects and mechanisms in regulating the progression of DC. The expression of miR-204-5p in the anterior capsules of DC patients and HLECs was examined by RT-qPCR. Bioinformatics tools were then used to identify the potential target of miR-204-5p. The relationship between miR-204-5p and the target gene was confirmed through a dual luciferase reporter assay. Additionally, the regulatory mechanism of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in DC was investigated by overexpressing miR-204-5p using miR-204-5p agomir. The expression of miR-204-5p was downregulated in the anterior capsules of DC patients and HLECs. Overexpression of miR-204-5p reduced ROS levels, pro-apoptosis genes (Bid, Bax, caspase-3), and IL-1β production in HG-treated HLECs. TXNIP was the direct target of miR-204-5p by dual luciferase reporter assay. Therefore, This study demonstrated that miR-204-5p effectively reduced oxidative damage, apoptosis, and inflammation in HLECs under HG conditions by targeting TXNIP. Targeting miR-204-5p could be a promising therapeutic strategy for the potential treatment of DC.
Unilateral posterior scleral defects do not affect the clinical biomechanics of the eye: a case series
Authors: Oskam Joshua A , Wells Anthony P , Gale Jesse 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Modern advances in technology capable of measuring the biomechanics of the eye have brought about new ways of analysing and monitoring glaucoma and created means of further elucidating the pathophysiology of the disease. Optic pits or scleral defects could be expected to impact ocular biomechanics, potentially creating more viscous, energy dispersive behaviour.
Case presentation
In this case series we assessed the corneal and pressure biomechanics of three eyes with unilateral defects in the peripapillary sclera and compared them to the normal fellow eyes. Measurements obtained included corneal hysteresis, ocular pulse amplitude, deformation amplitude, changes in pressure with standing and lying, and response to a water-drinking test. Subtle differences between eyes were observed, but without consistency between participants or differences of clinical significance.
Conclusions
These findings suggest the current anterior measurements of ocular biomechanics do not detect posterior structural variations.
The Association between Statin Medication Use and Intracranial Aneurysm Risk: A Two- Way Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chen Yao , Huang Jianhuang , Zhou Quanming , Kang Yuanbao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Recent observational studies have identified a potential link between statin medication use and the risk of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). However, the causal relationship between these factors is not yet clear.
Methods
We used a two-way Mendelian randomization approach to examine the relationship between genetically predicted statin medication use and the risk of IAs, as well as the reverse association. We incorporated data from genome-wide association studies of statin medication and IAs in a European population. Our analysis relied on random-effects inverse variance weighted estimation as the primary statistical method.
Results
Neither statin medication use nor IA risk was significantly associated with the other, according to our findings. The odds ratio (OR) for statin medication was 1.551 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.895–2.685, P = 0.117), and the OR for IA risk was 1.020 (95% CI: 0.984–1.059, P = 0.281). Our results were consistent across different analytical methods, including MR-Egger regression and weighted median.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that there is no causal relationship between statin medication use and IA risk.
When Surrogates Choose Suffering A commentary
Authors: Al-Moussally Feras , Casey Edward 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In modern era medicine, patient’s autonomy is held in the epitome of medical decision making. When patients lose decision making capacity, providers try to the best of their ability to uphold patient’s pre-expressed wishes, often using substituted judgment. The goal is to answer: What is in the patient’s best interest and what would the patient want if they could speak for themselves? But what happens when providers feel that patient’s best interests are not being put front and center? In addition, substituted judgment is considered a basic guiding principle when making decisions for incapacitated patients; but literature illustrates that this framework is not free of fault. We present a case of a 70-year-old male with a diagnosis of terminal colon cancer with metastasis to the brain, lung, and bones who presented with complaints of weakness and altered mental status. Although the patient could not speak, he exhibited signs and symptoms of severe pain. The surrogate refused to provide the patient with analgesics. The ethics committee was consulted to help navigate the situation and facilitate a solution. Though the pursuit of substituted judgment is well-intended, it is not infallible. It is important to recognize this when having discussions with surrogate decision makers and understanding that alternative models could be a better fit in certain situations. All while trying to the best of the provider’s ability to uphold patient’s wishes and best interests.
New score models for predicting bleeding and ischemic of ticagrelor therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Xia Xiaotong , Chen Shu , Cao Chang , Ye YanRong , Shen Yun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Ticagrelor is an antiplatelet drug, and its use increases the risk of bleeding. Coronary artery disease is significantly influenced by the widespread occurrence of diabetes mellitus. In order to decrease the incidence of clinical adverse events, a novel bleeding and thrombosis score is developed in this research.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of patient data from two medical centers who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and treated with ticagrelor.We gathered information on every patient from the electronic database of the hospital and follow-up.The collected data were statistically analyzed to obtain risk factors for bleeding and ischemic events.
Results
A total of 851 patients with diabetes mellitus who have been administered ticagrelor are included in our investigation. A total of 76 patients have bleeding events and 80 patients have ischemic events. The analysis of multiple variables indicates that characteristics like the age of > 65, having a previous occurrence of bleeding, experiencing anemia, using aspirin, and taking atorvastatin are linked to a higher likelihood of bleeding. Additionally, the age of > 65, smoking, having a history of blood clots, and having a BMI ≥ 30 are found to increase the risk of ischemia.
Conclusion
The A4B score has been created by considering five risk factors. The A4B score outperforms the HAS-BLED score(AUC 0.714 vs 0.570).The ABST score has been created by considering four risk factors. The ABST score outperforms the CHA2DS-VASc score(AUC 0.708 vs 0.540). The novel risk-assessment model can potentially detect patients with a substantial likelihood of experiencing bleeding and ischemic events.(2023-09-11,ChiCTR2300075627)
Application of the FRAME-IS to a Multifaceted Implementation Strategy
Authors: EdD Antoinette Schoenthaler , Calle Franze De La , Leon Elaine , Garcia Masiel , Colella Doreen , RN Jacalyn Nay , Dapkins Isaac 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Research demonstrates the importance of documenting adaptations to implementation strategies that support integration of evidence-based interventions into practice. While studies have utilized the FRAME-IS [Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications for Implementation Strategies] to collect structured adaptation data, they are limited by a focus on discrete implementation strategies (e.g., training), which do not reflect the complexity of multifaceted strategies like practice facilitation (PF). In this paper, we apply the FRAME-IS to our trial evaluating the effectiveness of PF on implementation fidelity of an evidence-based technology-facilitated team care model for improved hypertension control within a federally qualified health center (FQHC).
Methods: Three data sources are used to document adaptations: (1) implementation committee meeting minutes, (2) narrative reports completed by practice facilitators, and (3) structured notes captured on root cause analysis and Plan-Do-Study-Act worksheets. Text was extracted from the data sources according to the FRAME-IS modules and inputted into a master matrix for content analysis by two authors; a third author conducted member checking and code validation.
Results: We modified the FRAME-IS to include part 2 of module 2 (what is modified) to add greater detail of the modified strategy, and a numbering system to track adaptations across the modules. This resulted in identification of 27 adaptations, of which 88.9% focused on supporting practices in identifying eligible patients and referring them to the intervention. About half (52.9%) of the adaptations were made to modify the context of the PF strategy to include a group-based format, add community health workers to the strategy, and to shift the implementation target to nurses. The adaptations were often widespread (83.9%), affecting all practices within the FQHC. While most adaptations were reactive (84.6%), they resulted from a systematic process of reviewing data captured by multiple sources. All adaptations included the FQHC in the decision-making process.
Conclusion: With modifications, we demonstrate the ability to document our adaptation data across the FRAME-IS modules, attesting to its applicability and value for a range of implementation strategies. Based on our experiences, we recommend refinement of tracking systems to support more nimble and practical documentation of iterative, ongoing, and multifaceted adaptations.
Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov NCT03713515, Registration date: October 19, 2018
Association between lumbar, renal, and gonadal vein diameters and varicocele in people with left-sided nephrectomy: An observational study
Authors: Rahimi Mohsen Mohammad , Ghavshough Mahdi Hemmati , Zomorodi Afshar , Rezaei Mona , Kakaei Farzad , Bageri Amin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Varicocele, which is defined as varicose veins in the scrotum, is associated with different complications, in particular infertility. However, the definite etiologies have not determined yet. Our objective was to investigate the association between left lumbar, renal, and gonadal veins diameters and varicocele occurrence and grading in kidney donors underwent left-sided nephrectomy. Also, the frequency of varicocele were evaluated three months after the surgery.
Methods
In this observational study, male kidney donors aged 18 to 65, who underwent open nephrectomy were included between 2022 and 2023. Baseline data on age, body mass index (BMI), and the presence or grade of varicocele were collected through medical records and physical examinations. During the procedure, the diameter of the left lumbar, renal, and gonadal veins were measured using a graded ruler on the back table. Three months after the nephrectomy, the patients were re-evaluated for varicocele recurrence.
Results
We included 30 kidney donor with a mean age of 38.2 years and BMI of 23.5 kg/m2. The renal vein diameter decreased with higher grading (p = 0.05) and the gonadal vein diameter increased with higher grading (p = 0.04). However, there was no significant association between varicocele grading and left lumbar vein diameter. Following three months of nephrectomy, the frequency of varicocele increased from 33.4–50.0%.
Conclusions
The diameter of the left lumbar vein was almost unchanged in varicocele, while the size of the left renal vein decreased, and the size of the left gonadal vein increased. Furthermore, occurrence of varicocele increased after three months of left-sided nephrectomy. Therefore, people undergoing nephrectomy are at a higher risk of developing varicocele which should be considered in follow-up visits.
Protocol: Prospective cohort study investigating the impact of muscle degeneration on low back pain after lumbar decompression
Authors: Gotfryd Alberto Ofenhejm , Antonioli Eliane , Couri Pedro Henrique Cortat Proba , Castro Adham Amaral e , Machado Luciana Pereira Magalhaes , Gomes Amanda Maradini Narciso , Miranda Frederico Celestino , Baptista Eduardo , Barros Durval Carmo Santos , Rosemberg Laercio Alberto , Lenza Mario 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The main reason for surgical procedures in the lumbar spine is nerve compression associated with radiculopathy or neurogenic claudication. Lumbar surgical decompression is effective in relieving neurogenic pain and restoring walking ability. However, the presence of associated preoperative low back pain (LBP) in patients with neurological symptoms is not uncommon, and its management is still controversial. Chronic dysfunctions, such as atrophy and muscle fat replacement of the main spine muscles, are related to pain intensity. These dysfunctions can be identified and measured by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as muscle fat infiltration and reduction of muscular cross-sectional area. The primary objective of this study was to correlate the degree of muscle degeneration with the presence of LBP before lumbar decompression surgery. The secondary objectives are evaluations of the impact of different surgical techniques in muscle degeneration, as well as of the association of pain, disability, quality life and psychosocial factors during recovery after lumbar decompression surgery.
Methods
This prospective cohort will include individuals older than 18 years who underwent surgical lumbar decompression. Radiographic exams and MRI examinations will be performed before the surgical procedure. Changes in scores of pain, kinesiophobia, psychosocial risk prognosis, perception of improvement, anxiety, depression, disability and quality of life will be measured at baseline and at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of follow-up. The primary outcome will be the intensity of LBP.
Study status
Protocol Trial version: 02 Date: Feb 10, 2021
Recruitment Start Date: January 2020
Recruitment Estimated End Date: December/2025
Status: Recruiting
Trial registration number: NCT04273828