bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and properties of bisphenol‐Z polycarbonate via melt transesterification
Authors: Han Yiming , Zhang Yaqi , Long Xin , Bai Wei , Wang Qingyin , Wang Gongying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolycarbonate (PC) is a thermoplastic engineering plastic with excellent properties, and its excellent dielectric properties have broad application prospects in the field of electronics. In this paper, bisphenol Z (BPZ) and diphenyl carbonate (DPC) are used as raw materials to synthesize special polycarbonate (BPZ‐PC) by melt transesterification. The effects of catalyst type, catalyst dosage, molar ratio of raw materials, transesterification reaction time and vacuum degree, polycondensation reaction temperature and time on the molecular weight of the product are investigated, and the optimal reaction conditions are obtained. The chemical structure of the product is verified by FTIR, 1H‐NMR and 13C‐NMR spectra tests. The thermal properties, mechanical properties, optical properties and dielectric properties of BPZ‐PC are evaluated. Therefore, due to its excellent performance, BPZ‐PC, a high‐performance low‐dielectric polycarbonate, can be widely used in high‐frequency communication, microelectronics, and aerospace industries.
Alternative conservation outcomes from aquatic fauna translocations: Losing and saving the Running River rainbowfish
Authors: Moy Karl , Schaffer Jason , Hammer Michael P. , Attard Catherine R. M. , Beheregaray Luciano B. , Duncan Richard , Lintermans Mark , Brown Culum , Unmack Peter J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The translocation of species outside their natural range is a threat to aquatic biodiversity globally, especially freshwater fishes, as most are not only susceptible to predation and competition but readily hybridize with congeners.
Running River rainbowfish (RRR, Melanotaenia sp.) is a narrow‐ranged, small‐bodied freshwater fish that recently became threatened and was subsequently listed as Critically Endangered, owing to introgressive hybridization and competition following the translocation of a congeneric species, the eastern rainbowfish (Melanotaenia splendida).
To conserve RRR, wild fish were taken into captivity, genetically confirmed as pure representatives, and successfully bred. As the threat of introgression with translocated eastern rainbowfish could not be mitigated, a plan was devised to translocate captive raised RRR into unoccupied habitats within their native catchment, upstream of natural barriers. The translocation plan involved careful site selection and habitat assessment, predator training (exposure to predators prior to release), soft release (with a gradual transition from captivity to nature), and post‐release monitoring, and this approach was ultimately successful.
Two populations of RRR were established in two previously unoccupied streams above waterfalls with a combined stream length of 18 km. Post‐release monitoring was affected by floods and low sample sizes, but suggested that predation and time of release are important factors to consider in similar conservation recovery programmes for small‐bodied, short‐lived fishes.
Strategies on aroma formation in Chardonnay sparkling base wine: Different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, co‐inoculation with Torulaspora delbrueckii and utilization of bentonite
Authors: Hickert Lilian Raquel , Cattani Andressa , Manfroi Luciano , Wagner Roger , Furlan Junior Mendes , Sant'Anna Voltaire 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe worldwide production of sparkling wines has been growing annually, driven by a market demand for high quality and more complex products. The present study aimed to evaluate the fermentation of Chardonnay must using two different Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts, either alone (from commercial brands A and B) or in combination with Torulaspora delbrueckii (ScA + Td and ScB + Td, respectively), as well as the addition of bentonite to the fermentation with ScA (ScA + Ben), to investigate their impact on aroma formation in sparkling base wine. Enological parameters, volatile composition, and sensory profile were evaluated. The results showed notable differences in total sulfur dioxide and volatile acidity among the S. cerevisiae strains. Moreover, the esters ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, hexyl acetate, and phenethyl acetate showed significant differences among treatments. Esters are recognized for their contribution to fruity and floral aromas, making them an essential part of the aromatic profile of wines. The descriptive analysis revealed that ScB + Td had the highest intensity of floral and tropical fruit notes, as well as aromatic clarity. The use of bentonite did not affect the aromatic composition or sensory profile of the wine. Therefore, the co‐inoculation of S. cerevisiae with T. delbrueckii can lead to a base wine with a higher intensity of important volatile compounds and sensory attributes, providing an important alternative to produce winery products with a more complex aroma profile.
Phenolic Acid Derivatives from Ficus esquiroliana Levl. and Their Anti‐Inflammatory Effects
Authors: Dai De‐Cai , Xu Xue‐Feng , Yan Hao , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne new mesomer, ficusnaph A (1), two new phenolic acid derivatives, ficusnaphs B and C (2 and 3) together with three known biogenetically related polysubstituted naphthalene derivatives (4–6) were isolated from the stems of Ficus esquiroliana Levl. The structures of these compounds were elucidated using comprehensive spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1–6 were evaluated the inhibitory activities against the nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of 3.12±0.14 and 7.66±0.18 μM, respectively.
Unusual manifestation of cystic mycetoma lesions: A case report
Authors: Abdallah Alaa Tajeldeen Habeeb , Abdelkhalig Rami Elsiddig , Hamid Elwasila , Ahmed Ayman , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis case presents an atypical cystic presentation of mycetoma without sinuses or discharge. Awareness of these variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention, highlighting the need for healthcare professionals to consider diverse manifestations of mycetoma.AbstractMycetoma is a chronic and debilitating infectious disease characterized by localized swellings and granulomatous lesions. It primarily affects individuals in tropical and subtropical regions and is caused by certain fungi or bacteria. While mycetoma typically presents with sinuses and discharge, this case report presents a unique cystic presentation without these features. The patient, a 12‐year‐old female from Sudan, presented with a painless swelling on the dorsum of her right foot. Physical examination revealed a round, non‐tender, and fluctuant mass. Histopathological examination confirmed actinomycetoma caused by Streptomyces somaliensis. The patient was successfully treated with a combination of antibiotherapy. This atypical presentation underscores the need for healthcare professionals to consider uncommon variations of mycetoma for accurate diagnosis and management.
Recurrent laryngeal lymphangiomatosis in a patient with Proteus syndrome: A case report
Authors: Sauter Christina , Kolb Veronika , Bosch Nikolaus , Hornberger Cornelia , Plinkert Peter Karl , Hohenberger Ralph 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageProteus syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by an asymmetrical growth of individual parts of the body and has only been described in single cases. This patient presented with recurrent manifestations of a laryngeal and hypopharyngeal lymphangioma, which were treated with laser surgery, systemic therapy, and sclerotherapy. The reported data depict the diagnosis and treatment in the department of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery of the university hospital Heidelberg from 2019 until May 2023. The recurrent endoscopy of the upper airway was performed using a flexible HD‐endoscope and the Visera Elite video tower from Olympus, Hamburg. The 29‐year old female patient initially presented in February 2019 with stridor and exertional dyspnea due to a lymphatic malformation of the left larynx and hypopharynx. In April 2019 there was no improvement by sclerotherapy with Picibanil, so that systemic therapy with the PIK3CA inhibitor alpelisib was initiated (03–07/2020) and discontinued due to a high side effect profile. In the course of 2021–2023, three microlaryngoscopies with laser surgical resection and renewed sclerotherapy of the lymphangioma with Picibanil were carried out due to fluctuating findings. After these interventions a stable disease could be established until May 2023. Laser surgical therapy is currently described as the therapy of choice in lymphangiomas in the head and neck region and also showed the highest effectiveness in our patient. In case of airway obstruction in particular, it can bring rapid symptom relief. Alternatively, and with a lower surgical risk, local improvements have been reported by sclerotherapy, which was less effective in the presented case. Rare syndromic diseases require multidisciplinary collaboration. In the case of laryngeal lymphangiomatosis, other treatment options should be considered in addition to surgical excision, especially in the case of recurrence.
Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Radical 1,2‐Alkylesterification of 1,3‐Dienes with Cycloalkyl Hydroperoxides and Acids
Authors: Li Tian‐Tian , Cheng Ying , Xiao Wen‐Jing , Shi De‐Qing , Chen Jia‐Rong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed radical relay cross‐coupling reactions of 1,3‐dienes have recently emerged as one of the most powerful methods for construction of structurally diverse allylic compound in a single chemical step. However, there still has been limited success in expanding substrate scope of radical precursors and coupling partners, as well as exploring catalytic asymmetric variants. Herein, we report a copper‐catalyzed enantioselective three‐component 1,2‐alkylesterification of 1,3‐dienes using cycloalkyl hydroperoxides as the carbonyl‐containing alkyl radical sources and carboxylic acids as O‐nucleophiles under mild and redox‐neutral conditions. This protocol features broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance with respect to each component, providing practical access to a variety of distally keto‐functionalized allylic esters with high enantioselectivity. Mechanistic studies suggest the involvement of a sequential radical relay and C−O cross‐coupling in this three‐component radical reaction.
A Sustainable Ruthenium(III) Chloride Catalyzed Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Nunheim Nelly F. , Thiel Werner R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSystematic optimization of the ruthenium‐catalyzed oxidation of alcohols withtert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidizing agent was carried out. This resulted in the development of a sustainable protocol with a water/tert‐butanol mixture as the solvent and an optimum use of the oxidizing agent by continuous addition with a syringe pump. The protocol is applicable for a broad variety of substrates. High yields of ketones and aldehydes are accessible.
Patented Technology Innovation Portfolio in Producing Biofuel Using the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) Methodology
Authors: Abdul Rahim Zulhasni , Iqbal Muhammad Saqib 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEthanol is produced from biomass through pyrolysis, a technology creating business prospects for biofuels. The power may be utilized in turbines, engines, boilers, manufacturing, and energy production. Two of the numerous benefits of pyrolysis technology are low operational costs and simple liquid fuel storage and transportation. The theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) approach of systematic innovation is compatible with patent database analysis to produce innovations used for this study. The development of biofuel pyrolysis technology can benefit from the systematic innovation provided by the TRIZ framework. Patent portfolio analysis can profit from TRIZ's unique perspective due to its utilization of three essential indicators. The first metric examines the evolution of patented technology over the previous two decades and offers recommendations for advancing the sector. Patent‐protected scientific research and technology applications give essential insight into and foresight of future technological breakthroughs in various industries.
Removal of Reactive Red120 from Aqueous Solutions by Graphene Oxide/Zirconium Oxide Nanocomposites
Authors: Anakli Duygu , Erşan Mehtap 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA graphene oxide/zirconium oxide (GO/ZrO2) nanocomposite was developed and evaluated for the efficient removal of Reactive Red120 (RR120) dye. The characterization of the GO/ZrO2 nanocomposite was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Box‐Behnken design (BBD) was used as a statistical optimization to evaluate the effects of adsorption parameters, including adsorbent concentration, RR120 amount, and removal time. The study describes the GO/ZrO2 nanocomposite adsorbent, which has a potential application in the treatment of anionic dye‐contaminated water.
Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis by a Cobalt‐Based Carbon Aerogel Catalyst
Authors: Haghighi Farzad , Ahmadpour Ali , Nakhaei Pour Ali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCarbon aerogel (CA) as a novel catalyst support in Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis (FTS) was synthesized by polymerization of a resorcinol‐formaldehyde (RF) precursor through an ambient pressure drying route. The cobalt‐doped CA was synthesized by three main strategies: (a) impregnation of the metal precursor on the CA (Co‐CA‐I), (b) carbonization of cobalt‐doped organic RF aerogel (Co‐CA‐II), and (c) addition of the cobalt precursor to the RF mixture (Co‐CA‐III). The pores and cobalt particle size increased in the order of Co‐CA‐I > Co‐CA‐II > Co‐CA‐III and cobalt particles wrapped between the graphite layers when cobalt was added to the RF mixture. The CA as the catalyst support presented high CO conversion and high stability under FTS conditions. The CH4 selectivity increased by reducing the size of the cobalt particles. Hydrogen spillover from the support to metallic particles was observed in the case of Co‐CA‐I and Co‐CA‐III catalysts. This phenomenon improved the reducibility and also resulted in higher hydrogenated products being produced.
Adsorption of Model Polyfluoroalkyl Substances on Gold Electrodes for Electroanalytical Applications
Authors: Wang Xin , Ham Seokgyun , Zhang Hongwei , Wang Yun , Qiao Rui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElectrochemical methods can detect trace amounts of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment to help their management. PFAS adsorption on electrodes is an essential step in these methods, but is poorly understood. Here, we study the adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a model PFAS molecule, on gold substrates using metadynamics and equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The two‐dimensional free energy landscape obtained from metadynamics reveals that a PFOA molecule can adsorb on a neutral gold surface with the lowest free energy of −83.9 kJ/mol by adopting a co‐planar orientation, indicating a strong enrichment of PFOA occurs near the electrode. Spontaneous adsorption in other configurations, e. g., only a PFOA molecule‘s head attaches to the electrode, also occurs. However, a PFOA molecule generally must overcome energy barriers to become adsorbed. We show that energetic effects, particularly those associated with van der Waals PFOA‐gold interactions, are the primary driver for PFOA adsorption, and entropic effects associated with interfacial water molecules are the secondary driver. The implications of these results for the electrochemical detection and analysis of PFAS molecules are discussed.
Numerical simulation and structure optimization of spiral wound heat exchanger with novel spacing bars
Authors: Duan Xudong , Zhou Aimin , Xiao Juan , Wang Simin , Wen Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpiral wound heat exchangers are widely used in industrial production for their advantages, such as large heat transfer areas and compact structures. However, their compact design also poses significant difficulties for numerical simulation and experimental research. The spacing bar between tube bundles has an essential impact on the performance of wound tube heat exchangers. This paper presents a new type of spacing bar vertically installed on the core barrel of the spiral wound heat exchanger to enhance the comprehensive heat transfer performance. A numerical model of a new type of wrapped tube heat exchanger has been constructed, which agrees with experimental results. Under the same working conditions, the comprehensive heat transfer performance on the shell side of the spiral wound heat exchanger with new spacing bars is increased by 7.4%–10.5% compared with the traditional structure. On this basis, the influence of the new spacing bar's structural parameters on the heat exchanger's performance was studied, and the empirical correlation between the structural parameters and operating conditions of the new spacing bar and the performance of the heat exchanger was fitted. The research results have guiding significance for the design of spiral wound heat exchangers.
Discovery of ICOS‐Targeted Small Molecules Using Pharmacophore‐Based Screening
Authors: Calvo‐Barreiro Laura , Talagayev Valerij , Pach Szymon , Abdel‐Rahman Somaya A. , Wolber Gerhard , Gabr Moustafa T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere are currently no small molecules clinically approved as immune checkpoint modulators. Besides possessing oral bioavailability, cell‐penetrating capabilities and enhanced tumor penetration compared to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), small molecules are amenable to pharmacokinetic optimization, which allows adopting flexible dosage regimens that may avoid immune‐related adverse events associated with mAbs. The interaction of inducible co‐stimulator (ICOS) with its ligand (ICOS‐L) plays key roles in T‐cell differentiation and activation of T‐cell to B‐cell functions. This study represents the development and validation of a virtual screening strategy to identify small molecules that bind a novel druggable binding pocket in human ICOS. We used a lipophilic canyon in the apo‐structure of ICOS and the ICOS/ICOS‐L interface individually as templates for molecular dynamics simulation to generate 3D pharmacophores subsequently used for virtual screening campaigns. Our strategy was successful finding a first‐in‐class small molecule ICOS binder (5P, KD value=108.08±26.76 μM) and validating biophysical screening platforms for ICOS‐targeted small molecules. We anticipate that future structural optimization of 5P will result in the discovery of high affinity chemical ligands for ICOS.
Early relapse within 18 months is a powerful dynamic predictor for prognosis and could revise static risk distribution in multiple myeloma
Authors: Yan Wenqiang , Xu Jingyu , Fan Huishou , Li Lingna , Cui Jian , Du Chenxing , Deng Shuhui , Sui Weiwei , Xu Yan , Hao Mu , Anderson Kenneth C. , Zou Dehui , Qiu Lugui , An Gang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe duration of response to treatment is a major prognostic factor, and early relapse (ER) strongly predicts inferior survival in multiple myeloma (MM). However, the definitions of ER in MM vary from study to study and how to dynamically integrate risk distribution is still unsolved.MethodsThis study evaluated these ER definitions and further investigated the underlying relationship with static risk distribution in 629 newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients from the National Longitudinal Cohort of Hematological Diseases in China (NCT04645199).ResultsThese data indicated that early relapse within 18 months (ER18) after initial treatment was the best time point for identifying early progression and dynamic high‐risk in MM. The ER18 population (114 of 587, 19.4%) presented with more aggressive biologic features and the inferior response to treatment compared to a reference cohort (p < .001), with a significantly short median overall survival (OS) of 28.9 months. Multivariate analyses confirmed the most significant prognostic value of ER18 on OS in the context of International Staging System stage, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, thrombocytopenia, cytogenetic abnormalities, and treatment (hazard ratio, 4.467; p < .001). The authors also described the specific transitions from static risk profile to dynamic risk distribution and then constructed a mixed‐risk‐pattern to identify four novel populations with distinct survival (p < .001). Additionally, the authors proposed a second‐state model that predicts dynamic risk changes, enabling a complementary role to the Revised International Staging System model in facilitating individualized systematic treatment.ConclusionsCollectively, this study concludes that ER18 is a simple and dynamic prognostic predictor in MM. In addition to static risk assessment, dynamic risk plays an important role in survival prediction.
Photoluminescence Properties of Graphene Oxide in Non‐Aqueous Solvents
Authors: Pandit Souvik , Bhattacharjee Sanyukta , Seth Debabrata 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDetailed attention to the interaction between graphene oxide (GO) and various organic fluorophores has been documented in literature as a result of which the impact of GO on the photophysical properties of the fluorophores is well known to the scientific community. However, the photoluminescence (PL) properties of GO in polar aprotic solvents are yet to be established. In this article, the PL properties of GO in polar aprotic solvents using various spectroscopic techniques have been reported. n‐π* transition due to the C=O bonds in the sp3 hybrid regions and π‐π* transition due to C=C bonds in the sp2 hybrid are prominent in GO. The presence of quasi‐molecules within sp2‐sp3 domains acts as PL centers located in the sp3 matrixes of GO are responsible for the PL properties. This study showcases the presence of multiple emissive states of GO in polar aprotic solvents and conveys the fact that the PL properties of GO are very much wavelength‐dependent.