bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based classifiers to predict metastasis in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Talebi Raheleh , Celis-Morales Carlos A. , Akbari Abolfazl , Talebi Atefeh , Borumandnia Nasrin , Pourhoseingholi Mohamad Amin 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Iran over the past three decades has made it a key public health burden. This study aimed to predict metastasis in CRC patients using machine learning (ML) approaches in terms of demographic and clinical factors.MethodsThis study focuses on 1,127 CRC patients who underwent appropriate treatments at Taleghani Hospital, a tertiary care facility. The patients were divided into training and test datasets in an 80:20 ratio. Various ML methods, including Naive Bayes (NB), random rorest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), neural network (NN), decision tree (DT), and logistic regression (LR), were used for predicting metastasis in CRC patients. Model performance was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation, reporting sensitivity, specificity, the area under the curve (AUC), and other indexes.ResultsAmong the 1,127 patients, 183 (16%) had experienced metastasis. In the predictionof metastasis, both the NN and RF algorithms had the highest AUC, while SVM ranked third in both the original and balanced datasets. The NN and RF algorithms achieved the highest AUC (100%), sensitivity (100% and 100%, respectively), and accuracy (99.2% and 99.3%, respectively) on the balanced dataset, followed by the SVM with an AUC of 98.8%, a sensitivity of 97.5%, and an accuracy of 97%. Moreover, lower false negative rate (FNR), false positive rate (FPR), and higher negative predictive value (NPV) can be confirmed by these two methods. The results also showed that all methods exhibited good performance in the test datasets, and the balanced dataset improved the performance of most ML methods. The most important variables for predicting metastasis were the tumor stage, the number of involved lymph nodes, and the treatment type. In a separate analysis of patients with tumor stages I–III, it was identified that tumor grade, tumor size, and tumor stage are the most important features.ConclusionThis study indicated that NN and RF were the best among ML-based approaches for predicting metastasis in CRC patients. Both the tumor stage and the number of involved lymph nodes were considered the most important features.
Young female migrants and job placement brokers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Erulkar Annabel , Hailu Eyasu 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionRates of urbanization in Ethiopia are high and adolescent girls and young women are predominant among those who move from rural to urban areas. Young women frequently undertake rural-urban migration on their own or with a friend, and with little planning for their initial settlement in the city. They frequently rely on job placement brokers to place them into jobs upon arrival, with positions such as domestic work normally including accommodation.MethodsThis is a qualitative study undertaken at the two largest bus stages in Addis Ababa, which are points of arrival for a large number of migrants from rural areas. Three categories of respondents were interviewed in-depth: migrant young women who had arrived within the last few days, job placement brokers who are located in and around the bus station, and market women/vendors at the bus stations who interact with both migrants and brokers.ResultsMigrant girls' point of arrival was an inflection point of risk, especially among girls who were on their own, not accompanied or met at the bus terminal and lacking in plans or preparation of accommodation. Such girls were targeted by thieves at the bus station and by unscrupulous brokers, some of whom forced girls into sexual relations before placing them into paid work. In contrast, market women and some well-meaning brokers took steps to protect girls such as providing temporary accommodation.ConclusionThis research underscores the need for intensified support to rural-urban migrants to ensure safety and security at the time of arrival at their destination. This includes promotion of pre-migration education and planning; safety assets including sufficient money, cell phones and alternative contacts in the city; and arrangement for immediate, safe and secure accommodation. As a result of the study, a pilot program has been developed, using local resources to extend support for newly arriving migrant girls and young women.
Polymyxin Resistance in Salmonella: Exploring Mutations and Genetic Determinants of Non-Human Isolates
Authors: Vieira Thais , Dos Santos Carla Adriana , de Jesus Bertani Amanda Maria , Costa Gisele Lozano , Campos Karoline Rodrigues , Sacchi Cláudio Tavares , Cunha Marcos Paulo Vieira , Carvalho Eneas , da Costa Alef Janguas , de Paiva Jacqueline Boldrin , Rubio Marcela da Silva , Camargo Carlos Henrique , Tiba-Casas Monique Ribeiro 
Published: January 2024

Until 2015, polymyxin resistance was primarily attributed to chromosomal mutations. However, with the first report of mobile colistin resistance (mcr-1) in commensal Escherichia coli from food animals in China, the landscape has changed. To evaluate the presence of polymyxin resistance in Salmonella spp., a drop screening test for colistin and polymyxin B was carried out on 1156 isolates of non-human origin (animals, food, and the environment), received in Brazil, between 2016 and 2021. Subsequently, 210 isolates with resistant results in the drop test were subjected to the gold-standard test (broth microdilution) for both colistin and polymyxin B. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 102 resistant isolates was performed for a comprehensive analysis of associated genes. Surprisingly, none of the isolates resistant to colistin in the drop test harbored any of the mcr variants (mcr-1 to mcr-10). WGS identified that the most common mutations were found in pmrA (n= 22; T89S) and pmrB (n = 24; M15T, G73S, V74I, I83A, A111V). Other resistance determinants were also detected, such as the aac(6′)-Iaa gene in 72 isolates, while others carried beta-lactamase genes (blaTEM-1 blaCTX-M-2, blaCMY-2). Additionally, genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance (qnrB19, qnrS1, oqxA/B) were detected in 11 isolates. Colistin and polymyxin B resistance were identified among Salmonella from non-human sources, but not associated with the mcr genes. Furthermore, the already-described mutations associated with polymyxin resistance were detected in only a small number of isolates, underscoring the need to explore and characterize unknown genes that contribute to resistance.
X Conferência Ibero-americana de Educação. Declaração do Panamá. «A Educação Inicial no Século XXI»
Authors: - - 
Published: January 2024

Os Ministros e Ministras da educação dos países ibero-americanos convocados pelo Ministério de Educação do Panamá e a Organização dos Estados Ibero-americanos para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura, OEI, nos reunimos na cidade do Panamá para a celebração da X Conferência Ibero-americana da Educação, com o propósito de analisar e debater os problemas próprios da Educação inicial no Século XXI.
Os resultados das nossas deliberações, que apresentaremos na próxima Cúpula Ibero-americana dos Chefes de Estado e de Governo que se realizará na cidade do Panamá nos dias 17 e 18 de Novembro de 2000, expressando-se na Declaração do Panamá.
Rohingya refugees and its impact on informal economy: Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Tanha Moutusi , Siddique Maliha Ahmed , Nurulhoque Md. , Sumon Md. Monirul Islam , Sazin Rawshan , Hossain Peas 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether refugees in Cox's Bazar area of Bangladesh can successfully integrate into the informal economic sector. This evaluation was carried out by comparing the actions of refugees in the labor market with those of the local population.
Research methodology: This study used survey data from two population groupings. The sample size included 300 Rohingya refugees and 300 locals from Coxs' Bazar, where they are now living. ANOVA was employed to compare the category mean differences owing to the limited sample size. The calculations would include wealth, occupation, language, religion, and race as labor market barriers.
Results: The data indicated significant disparities in both types of occupations and monthly incomes between local workers and refugee workers. Furthermore, the findings also suggest that Rohingya refugees encounter greater challenges when entering the job market than local workers.
Limitations: Refugees in Bangladesh are unable to work. They must stay at local and international NGO (Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2014). No Bangladeshi labor legislation has protected them. Bangladeshi authorities can also imprison refugees on illicit travel. A good Rohingya refugee policy in Bangladesh is crucial to human rights.
Contribution: The Rohingya Muslim population in Myanmar has been subjected to genocide, resulting in their expulsion and subsequent migration to neighboring countries. Bangladesh is the primary host nation for the Rohingya group from Myanmar, which has sought safety there as refugees for many years. Due to their lack of legal employment opportunities in Bangladesh, these refugees engage in informal economic operations and participate in various criminal activities inside the place where they reside.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Pegawai Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan dengan Sikap dan Tindakan Pencegahan COVID-19
Authors: Tampubolon Inri Yana , Sipayung Novreka Pratiwi , Saragih Rini Amanda Carolina 
Published: January 2024

Background: The spread of COVID-19 has been increasingly widespread since the easing of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). This increases community activities outside the home, especially office employees who have started working, so that the office becomes the largest source of transmission clusters. Breaking the chain of spreadof COVID-19 requires a good balance between knowledge, attitudes, and preventive measures for COVID-19. Individual knowledge about COVID-19 based on appropriate information is the most important domain in shaping individual behavior. It is hoped that this good knowledge can influence every individual in showing a positive attitude and good action in preventing and controlling COVID- 19.Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge of the campus staff of the Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan on the attitudes and actions to prevent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: This study was an analytic study using a cross sectional design. The number of samples is 86 people who were selected using purposive sampling method. The data obtained are primary data from questionnaires that have been filled out by the research sample.Results: The results of this study showed 86 respondents, good knowledge level (97.7%), positive attitude (90.7%) and good action (84.9%). In the bivariate analysis, it was stated that there was a statistically significant relationship between knowledge and preventive measures for COVID-19 (p=0.021).Conclusion: Good knowledge was expected to have a good impact on prevention and transmission of COVID-19.
Key Words : COVID-19, knowledge, attitude, precautions.
PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENEGAKKAN KEDISIPLINAN WARGA SEKOLAH SDN 3 ASPARAGA
Authors: Adrian Hapsah , A. Kum Thamrin , Adiko Hendra S. Adiko 
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana Peran Kepala Sekolah Dalam Menegakan Kedisiplinan Warga Sekolah SDN 3 Asparaga. Metode yang digunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini bahwa peran Kepala Sekolah dalam menegakkan kedisiplinan warga sekolah SDN 3 Asparaga yaitu (1) Kepala sekolah berperan sebagai inovator, beliau memberikan contoh yang baik untuk bawahannya terutama dalam kehadiran dan tepat waktu datang ke sekolah. (2) Kepala sekolah berperan sebagai administrator, yang memiliki hubungan dengan berbagai aktivitas pengelolaan administrasi yang bersifat pencatatan, penyusunan, dan pendokumentasian seluruh dokumen dan atau arsip sekolah. (3) Kepala sekolah berperan sebagai leader atau pemimpin. Beliau membimbing, membina, mendorong dan mengarahkan segala pihak yang terlibat dalam mencapai tujuan sekolah. (4) Kepala sekolah berperan sebagai supervisor yaitu dengan melakukan pengawasan dan pengontrolan untuk meningkatkan disiplin warga SDN 3 Asparaga
Incidence, Aetiology and Pattern of Maxillofacial Injuries in a Tertiary Trauma Hospital, Nepal: A 5-year Retrospective Study
Authors: Maharjan Mahendra , R. Sakya Pranay , Gurung Juna , Rai Ashok , Tandukar Anjali 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence, aetiology and patterns of maxillofacial injuries in a tertiary trauma hospital in Nepal.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the maxillofacial trauma patients operated at the Department of Plastic, Cosmetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, B and B Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal between 1st March, 2015 and 31st December, 2020 was performed. Data were collected for each patient in regards to age, gender, cause and nature and type of the injury and the treatment provided.
Results: Among 409 patients operated in this period for maxillofacial injuries, 83% (n=356) were male and 17% (n=73) were female. Patients in the second and third decade of life were found to be more prone to sustain maxillofacial injuries. Road traffic accident was the most frequent cause (n=331; 77%) followed by physical assault (n=46; 10.7%) and falls (n=42; 9.7%). Mandible was the most commonly fractured bone (n=125; 26.5%). Fracture of parasymphysis, combined symphysis and condyle fracture and parasymphysis and angle fracture were the most common patterns of mandible fracture.
Conclusions: The major cause of maxillofacial injuries among patients operated in our hospital was road traffic accident which directly reflects the poor traffic system and improperly planned roads.
ECONOMIC SECURITY OF PERSONAL FINANCE WHEN TRANSFERRING FUNDS
Authors: Карп Марина Викторовна , Гулькова Елена Леонидовна , Типалина Мария Валерьевна 
Published: January 2024

Проанализированы статистические данные Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации и Банка России о мошеннических действиях при переводе денежных средств. Рассмотрено действующее законодательство по данному вопросу, а также законопроекты, направленные на сокращение мошеннических действий в сфере кредитования физических лиц, предложены мероприятия по дальнейшему совершенствованию законодательства.
The statistics of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia on fraudulent actions in the transfer of funds were analyzed. The current legislation on this issue was considered, as well as bills aimed at reducing fraudulent actions in the field of lending to individuals, measures were proposed to further improve the legislation.
ON SOME DIFFICULTIES OF LEGAL TRANSLATION (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF TRANSLATION OF LEGAL DOCUMENTS FOR THE PROVISION OF SERVICES)
Authors: Прохорова Екатерина Владимировна 
Published: January 2024

В статье представлен анализ основных лингвистических и контекстуальных сложностей при юридическом переводе документов, связанных с оказанием услуг. Исследование также уделяет внимание вопросу о взаимосвязи между юридической терминологией и культурными аспектами языка, а также предложены возможные способы преодоления выявленных трудностей.
The article presents an analysis of the main linguistic and contextual difficulties in the legal translation of documents related to the provision of services. The study also focuses on the relationship between legal terminology and cultural aspects of language, and suggests possible ways to overcome the identified difficulties.
APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORKS IN RUSSIA
Authors: Смирнов Сергей Владимирович 
Published: January 2024

Работа посвящена применению отечественных нейронных сетей в различных сферах. Представлена краткая история развития нейросетей. Рассмотрено применение следующих нейросетей: YandexGPT в интернет-поисковике Яндекс, SistemmaGPT (генератор текста), СППВР (система поддержки принятия врачебных решений), Vision Cyto Pap (визуализация и скрининг с целью выявления опухолей). Кроме того, было рассмотрено возможное применение НС «Зеркало» для МВД с целью выявления кибермошенничества. Изложены перспективы дальнейшего развития нейросетей.
The work is devoted to the application of domestic neural networks in various fields. A brief history of the development of neural networks is presented. The use of the following neural networks is considered: YandexGPT in the Yandex Internet search engine, SistemmaGPT (text generator), CPPVR (medical decision support system), Vision Cyto Pap (visualization and screening to detect tumors). In addition, the possible use of the National Security Service "Mirror" for the Ministry of Internal Affairs in order to identify cyberbullying was considered. The prospects for further development of neural networks are outlined.
КОМПЛЕКСНЫЙ ПОДХОД К РЕШЕНИЮ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОБЛЕМ КАК ОСНОВА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ И УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ САХАРНОГО ПОДКОМПЛЕКСА АПК
Authors: Клемешов Дмитрий Анатольевич , Бурлин Константин Владимирович 
Published: January 2024

В статье приведено состояние в свеклоперерабатывающей отрасли РФ. Описана динамика изменений за последние десятилетия, позволяющих обеспечить население одним из основных источников углеводов. Приведены основные направления развития, которые заключаются в оптимизации существующих технологических процессов, которые позволят снизить себестоимость выпускаемой продукции. Приведены основные перспективные пути интенсификации. Предложен механизм перспективной практики взаимодействия основных представителей отрасли в форме технопарков, которые ускорят внедрение новых эффективных, высокомаржинальных технологий. Предлагаемый комплекс мер позволит обеспечить курс на устойчивое развитие и динамику для обеспечения технического превосходства и экономического развития в данной социально значимой отрасли.
The article describes the state of the beet processing industry in the Russian Federation. The dynamics of changes over the past decades, which make it possible to provide the population with one of the main sources of carbohydrates, is described. The main directions of development are given, which consist in optimizing existing technological processes that will reduce the cost of production. The main promising ways of intensification are given. The mechanism of promising practice of interaction between the main representatives of the industry in the form of technoparks, which will accelerate the introduction of new effective, high-margin technologies, is proposed. The proposed set of measures will ensure a course towards sustainable development and dynamics to ensure technical superiority in this socially significant industry.
THE INFLUENCE OF LIFESTYLE AND NUTRITION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN: ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS AND THE PROPOSAL OF EFFECTIVE PREVENTION STRATEGIES
Authors: Гарифьянова Амина Эльвировна , Исламов Альфир Рафилевич , Галиуллин Тимур Рустамович , Гибадуллина Фируза Булатовна 
Published: January 2024

В статье ставится задача исследовать влияние образа жизни и питания на развитие ожирения у детей. В работе проведен анализ факторов риска, предрасполагающих к возникновению ожирения у детей, а также предложены эффективные стратегии профилактики данного заболевания.
The article aims to investigate the influence of lifestyle and nutrition on the development of obesity in children. The paper analyzes the risk factors predisposing to the occurrence of obesity in children and suggests effective strategies for the prevention of this disease.
FEATURES OF PARENTAL RELATIONSHIPS IN FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN WITH DISORDERS AUTISTIC SPECTRUM
Authors: Сальникова Екатерина Петровна 
Published: January 2024

Представлены результаты исследования, направленного на выявление особенностей родительских отношений в семьях, имеющих детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Выявлено, что в семьях, имеющих детей с проблемами в развитии, в частности с расстройствами аутистического спектра, часто наблюдаются неправильные формы поведения, которые препятствуют нормальной социализации детей.
The results of a study aimed at identifying the characteristics of parental relationships in families with children with autism spectrum disorders are presented. It has been revealed that in families with children with developmental problems, in particular with autism spectrum disorders, abnormal forms of behavior are often observed that interfere with the normal socialization of children.
Information distribution patterns in naturalistic dialogue differ across languages
Authors: Trujillo James P. , Holler Judith 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe natural ecology of language is conversation, with individuals taking turns speaking to communicate in a back-and-forth fashion. Language in this context involves strings of words that a listener must process while simultaneously planning their own next utterance. It would thus be highly advantageous if language users distributed information within an utterance in a way that may facilitate this processing–planning dynamic. While some studies have investigated how information is distributed at the level of single words or clauses, or in written language, little is known about how information is distributed within spoken utterances produced during naturalistic conversation. It also is not known how information distribution patterns of spoken utterances may differ across languages. We used a set of matched corpora (CallHome) containing 898 telephone conversations conducted in six different languages (Arabic, English, German, Japanese, Mandarin, and Spanish), analyzing more than 58,000 utterances, to assess whether there is evidence of distinct patterns of information distributions at the utterance level, and whether these patterns are similar or differed across the languages. We found that English, Spanish, and Mandarin typically show a back-loaded distribution, with higher information (i.e., surprisal) in the last half of utterances compared with the first half, while Arabic, German, and Japanese showed front-loaded distributions, with higher information in the first half compared with the last half. Additional analyses suggest that these patterns may be related to word order and rate of noun and verb usage. We additionally found that back-loaded languages have longer turn transition times (i.e., time between speaker turns).
Indeks Kebugaran Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar Negeri 96 Kota Utara Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Said Hariadi 
Published: January 2024

Anak usia sekolah adalah investasi bangsa, karena mereka adalah generasi penerus bangsa. Tumbuh berkembangnya anak usia sekolah tergantung lingkungan yang membentuknya. Salah satu lingkungan yang sangat berperan dalam perkembangan anak adalah sekolah dasar (SD). Hal ini dikarenakan SD dapat menjadi lingkungan yang sangat tepat untuk membentuk generasi penerus bangsa yang sehat, aktif, dan berintegritas melalui kegiatan olahraga.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui indeks kebugaran siswa kelas V SD N 96 Kota Utara Kota Gorontalo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode observasi lapangan. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas V SD N 96 Kota Utara Kota Gorontalo yang berjumlah 19 orang terdiri dari 11 laki-laki dan 8 perempuan. Bentuk tes yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bleep test yaitu lari hilir mudik antara dua titik yang berjarak 20 meter dengan iringan musik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kelompok laki-laki sebanyak 11 orang atau 100% semuanya berada dalam kategori kurang sekali. Kelompok perempuan yang berjumlah 8 orang atau 100% berada pada kategori kurang sekali. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa indeks kebugaran siswa kelas V SDN 96 Kota Utara Kota Gorontalo berada pada kategori kurang sekali sehingga perlu perhatian yang serius.