bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childbirth-related posttraumatic stress symptoms – examining associations with hair endocannabinoid concentrations during pregnancy and lifetime trauma
Authors: Bergunde Luisa , Karl Marlene , Schälicke Sarah , Weise Victoria , Mack Judith T. , von Soest Tilmann , Gao Wei , Weidner Kerstin , Garthus-Niegel Susan , Steudte-Schmiedgen Susann 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEvidence has linked alterations of the endocannabinoid system with trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Childbirth-related PTSD symptoms (CB-PTSS) affect about every eighth woman and can negatively influence the entire family. While aetiological models of CB-PTSD include psychological risk factors such as maternal trauma history and negative subjective birth experience (SBE), they lack biological risk indicators. We investigated whether lifetime trauma and CB-PTSS were associated with long-term endocannabinoid concentrations during pregnancy. Further, we tested endocannabinoids as mediators between lifetime trauma and CB-PTSS and whether SBE moderated such mediational paths. Within the prospective cohort study DREAMHAIR, 263 expectant mothers completed trauma assessments and provided hair samples for quantification of long-term endocannabinoid levels (anandamide [AEA], 2-arachidonoylglycerol [1-AG/2-AG], and N-acyl-ethanolamides [NAE]) prior to their anticipated birth date. Two months postpartum, CB-PTSS and SBE were measured. Regression models controlling for relevant confounders showed no association between lifetime trauma and hair endocannabinoids during pregnancy, yet higher number of lifetime trauma events and lower hair AEA were significantly associated with CB-PTSS, with the latter finding not remaining significant when Bonferroni corrections due to multiple testing were applied. While hair AEA did not mediate the association between lifetime trauma and CB-PTSS, the effect of lower hair AEA on CB-PTSS was stronger upon negative SBE. Results suggest greater lifetime trauma and reduced maternal hair AEA during pregnancy may be associated with increased risk for CB-PTSS, particularly upon negative SBE. Findings confirm lifetime trauma as a CB-PTSS risk factor and add important preliminary insights on the role of endocannabinoid ligand alterations and SBE in CB-PTSS pathology.
The association between depressive symptoms and masked hypertension in participants with normotension measured at research center
Authors: Tokioka Sayuri , Nakaya Naoki , Nakaya Kumi , Kogure Mana , Hatanaka Rieko , Chiba Ippei , Kanno Ikumi , Nochioka Kotaro , Metoki Hirohito , Murakami Takahisa , Satoh Michihiro , Nakamura Tomohiro , Ishikuro Mami , Obara Taku , Hamanaka Yohei , Orui Masatsugu , Kobayashi Tomoko , Uruno Akira , Kodama Eiichi N. , Nagaie Satoshi , Ogishima Soichi , Izumi Yoko , Fuse Nobuo , Kuriyama Shinichi , Hozawa Atsushi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMasked hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, masked hypertension is sometimes overlooked owing to the requirement for home blood pressure measurements for diagnosing. Mental status influences blood pressure. To reduce undiagnosed masked hypertension, this study assessed the association between depressive symptoms and masked hypertension. This cross-sectional study used data from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Community-Based Cohort Study (conducted in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, from 2013) and included participants with normotension measured at the research center (systolic blood pressure<140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (Japanese version). Masked hypertension was defined as normotension measured at the research center and home hypertension (home systolic blood pressure ≥135 mmHg or home diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mmHg). The study comprised 6705 participants (mean age: 55.7 ± 13.7 years). Of these participants, 1106 (22.1%) without depressive symptoms and 393 (23.2%) with depressive symptoms were categorized to have masked hypertension. Sex-specific and age-adjusted least mean squares for home blood pressure, not for research blood pressure were significantly higher in the group with depressive symptoms in both sex categories. The multivariate odds ratio for masked hypertension in the patients with depressive symptoms was 1.72 (95% confidence interval: 1.26–2.34) in male participants and 1.30 (95% confidence interval: 1.06–1.59) in female ones. Depressive symptoms were associated with masked hypertension in individuals with normotension measured at the research center. Depressive symptoms may be one of the risk factors for masked hypertension.
Auxiliary sequential deposition enables 19%-efficiency organic solar cells processed from halogen-free solvents
Authors: Luo Siwei , Li Chao , Zhang Jianquan , Zou Xinhui , Zhao Heng , Ding Kan , Huang Hui , Song Jiali , Yi Jicheng , Yu Han , Wong Kam Sing , Zhang Guangye , Ade Harald , Ma Wei , Hu Huawei , Sun Yanming , Yan He 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh-efficiency organic solar cells are often achieved using toxic halogenated solvents and additives that are constrained in organic solar cells industry. Therefore, it is important to develop materials or processing methods that enabled highly efficient organic solar cells processed by halogen free solvents. In this paper, we report an innovative processing method named auxiliary sequential deposition that enables 19%-efficiency organic solar cells processed by halogen free solvents. Our auxiliary sequential deposition method is different from the conventional blend casting or sequential deposition methods in that it involves an additional casting of dithieno[3,2-b:2’,3’-d]thiophene between the sequential depositions of the donor (D18-Cl) and acceptor (L8-BO) layers. The auxiliary sequential deposition method enables dramatic performance enhancement from 15% to over 18% compared to the blend casting and sequential deposition methods. Furthermore, by incorporating a branched-chain-engineered acceptor called L8-BO-X, device performance can be boosted to over 19% due to increased intermolecular packing, representing top-tier values for green-solvent processed organic solar cells. Comprehensive morphological and time-resolved characterizations reveal that the superior blend morphology achieved through the auxiliary sequential deposition method promotes charge generation while simultaneously suppressing charge recombination. This research underscores the potential of the auxiliary sequential deposition method for fabricating highly efficient organic solar cells using environmentally friendly solvents.
Graphene/silicon heterojunction for reconfigurable phase-relevant activation function in coherent optical neural networks
Authors: Zhong Chuyu , Liao Kun , Dai Tianxiang , Wei Maoliang , Ma Hui , Wu Jianghong , Zhang Zhibin , Ye Yuting , Luo Ye , Chen Zequn , Jian Jialing , Sun Chunlei , Tang Bo , Zhang Peng , Liu Ruonan , Li Junying , Yang Jianyi , Li Lan , Liu Kaihui , Hu Xiaoyong , Lin Hongtao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOptical neural networks (ONNs) herald a new era in information and communication technologies and have implemented various intelligent applications. In an ONN, the activation function (AF) is a crucial component determining the network performances and on-chip AF devices are still in development. Here, we first demonstrate on-chip reconfigurable AF devices with phase activation fulfilled by dual-functional graphene/silicon (Gra/Si) heterojunctions. With optical modulation and detection in one device, time delays are shorter, energy consumption is lower, reconfigurability is higher and the device footprint is smaller than other on-chip AF strategies. The experimental modulation voltage (power) of our Gra/Si heterojunction achieves as low as 1 V (0.5 mW), superior to many pure silicon counterparts. In the photodetection aspect, a high responsivity of over 200 mA/W is realized. Special nonlinear functions generated are fed into a complex-valued ONN to challenge handwritten letters and image recognition tasks, showing improved accuracy and potential of high-efficient, all-component-integration on-chip ONN. Our results offer new insights for on-chip ONN devices and pave the way to high-performance integrated optoelectronic computing circuits.
Loss of Grem1-lineage chondrogenic progenitor cells causes osteoarthritis
Authors: Ng Jia Q. , Jafarov Toghrul H. , Little Christopher B. , Wang Tongtong , Ali Abdullah M. , Ma Yan , Radford Georgette A. , Vrbanac Laura , Ichinose Mari , Whittle Samuel , Hunter David J. , Lannagan Tamsin R. M. , Suzuki Nobumi , Goyne Jarrad M. , Kobayashi Hiroki , Wang Timothy C. , Haynes David R. , Menicanin Danijela , Gronthos Stan , Worthley Daniel L. , Woods Susan L. , Mukherjee Siddhartha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is characterised by an irreversible degeneration of articular cartilage. Here we show that the BMP-antagonistGremlin 1(Grem1) marks a bipotent chondrogenic and osteogenic progenitor cell population within the articular surface. Notably, these progenitors are depleted by injury-induced OA and increasing age. OA is also caused by ablation ofGrem1cells in mice. Transcriptomic and functional analysis in mice found that articular surfaceGrem1-lineage cells are dependent onFoxo1and ablation ofFoxo1inGrem1-lineage cells caused OA. FGFR3 signalling was confirmed as a promising therapeutic pathway by administration of pathway activator, FGF18, resulting inGrem1-lineage chondrocyte progenitor cell proliferation, increased cartilage thickness and reduced OA. These findings suggest that OA, in part, is caused by mechanical, developmental or age-related attrition ofGrem1expressing articular cartilage progenitor cells. These cells, and the FGFR3 signalling pathway that sustains them, may be effective future targets for biological management of OA.
Inferring bacterial transmission dynamics using deep sequencing genomic surveillance data
Authors: Senghore Madikay , Read Hannah , Oza Priyali , Johnson Sarah , Passarelli-Araujo Hemanoel , Taylor Bradford P. , Ashley Stephen , Grey Alex , Callendrello Alanna , Lee Robyn , Goddard Matthew R. , Lumley Thomas , Hanage William P. , Wiles Siouxsie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIdentifying and interrupting transmission chains is important for controlling infectious diseases. One way to identify transmission pairs – two hosts in which infection was transmitted from one to the other – is using the variation of the pathogen within each single host (within-host variation). However, the role of such variation in transmission is understudied due to a lack of experimental and clinical datasets that capture pathogen diversity in both donor and recipient hosts. In this work, we assess the utility of deep-sequenced genomic surveillance (where genomic regions are sequenced hundreds to thousands of times) using a mouse transmission model involving controlled spread of the pathogenic bacterium Citrobacter rodentium from infected to naïve female animals. We observe that within-host single nucleotide variants (iSNVs) are maintained over multiple transmission steps and present a model for inferring the likelihood that a given pair of sequenced samples are linked by transmission. In this work we show that, beyond the presence and absence of within-host variants, differences arising in the relative abundance of iSNVs (allelic frequency) can infer transmission pairs more precisely. Our approach further highlights the critical role bottlenecks play in reserving the within-host diversity during transmission.
SEI growth on Lithium metal anodes in solid-state batteries quantified with coulometric titration time analysis
Authors: Aktekin Burak , Riegger Luise M. , Otto Svenja-K. , Fuchs Till , Henss Anja , Janek Jürgen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLithium-metal batteries with a solid electrolyte separator are promising for advanced battery applications, however, most electrolytes show parasitic side reactions at the low potential of lithium metal. Therefore, it is essential to understand how much (and how fast) charge is consumed in these parasitic reactions. In this study, a new electrochemical method is presented for the characterization of electrolyte side reactions occurring on active metal electrode surfaces. The viability of this new method is demonstrated in a so-called anode-free stainless steel ∣ Li6PS5Cl ∣ Li cell. The method also holds promise for investigating dendritic lithium growth (and dead lithium formation), as well as for analyzing various electrolytes and current collectors. The experimental setup allows easy electrode removal for post-mortem analysis, and the SEI’s heterogeneous/layered microstructure is revealed through complementary analytical techniques. We expect this method to become a valuable tool in the future for solid-state lithium metal batteries and potentially other cell chemistries.
Antigen presentation by B cells enables epitope spreading across an MHC barrier
Authors: Fahlquist-Hagert Cecilia , Wittenborn Thomas R. , Terczyńska-Dyla Ewa , Kastberg Kristian Savstrup , Yang Emily , Rallistan Alysa Nicole , Markett Quinton Raymond , Winther Gudrun , Fonager Sofie , Voss Lasse F. , Pedersen Mathias K. , van Campen Nina , Ferapontov Alexey , Jensen Lisbeth , Huang Jinrong , Nieland John D. , van der Poel Cees E. , Palmfeldt Johan , Carroll Michael C. , Utz Paul J. , Luo Yonglun , Lin Lin , Degn Søren E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCircumstantial evidence suggests that B cells may instruct T cells to break tolerance. Here, to test this hypothesis, we used a murine model in which a single B cell clone precipitates an autoreactive response resembling systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The initiating clone did not need to enter germinal centers to precipitate epitope spreading. Rather, it localized to extrafollicular splenic bridging channels early in the response. Autoantibody produced by the initiating clone was not sufficient to drive the autoreactive response. Subsequent epitope spreading depended on antigen presentation and was compartmentalized by major histocompatibility complex (MHC). B cells carrying two MHC haplotypes could bridge the MHC barrier between B cells that did not share MHC. Thus, B cells directly relay autoreactivity between two separate compartments of MHC-restricted T cells, leading to inclusion of distinct B cell populations in germinal centers. Our findings demonstrate that B cells initiate and propagate the autoimmune response.
Gate-controlled suppression of light-driven proton transport through graphene electrodes
Authors: Huang S. , Griffin E. , Cai J. , Xin B. , Tong J. , Fu Y. , Kravets V. , Peeters F. M. , Lozada-Hidalgo M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent experiments demonstrated that proton transport through graphene electrodes can be accelerated by over an order of magnitude with low intensity illumination. Here we show that this photo-effect can be suppressed for a tuneable fraction of the infra-red spectrum by applying a voltage bias. Using photocurrent measurements and Raman spectroscopy, we show that such fraction can be selected by tuning the Fermi energy of electrons in graphene with a bias, a phenomenon controlled by Pauli blocking of photo-excited electrons. These findings demonstrate a dependence between graphene’s electronic and proton transport properties and provide fundamental insights into molecularly thin electrode-electrolyte interfaces and their interaction with light.
Cyclic fasting bolsters cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors’ anticancer activity
Authors: Khalifa Amr , Guijarro Ana , Ravera Silvia , Bertola Nadia , Adorni Maria Pia , Papotti Bianca , Raffaghello Lizzia , Benelli Roberto , Becherini Pamela , Namatalla Asmaa , Verzola Daniela , Reverberi Daniele , Monacelli Fiammetta , Cea Michele , Pisciotta Livia , Bernini Franco , Caffa Irene , Nencioni Alessio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIdentifying oncological applications for drugs that are already approved for other medical indications is considered a possible solution for the increasing costs of cancer treatment. Under the hypothesis that nutritional stress through fasting might enhance the antitumour properties of at least some non-oncological agents, by screening drug libraries, we find that cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs), including simvastatin, have increased activity against cancers of different histology under fasting conditions. We show fasting’s ability to increase CBIs’ antitumour effects to depend on the reduction in circulating insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 and leptin, which blunts the expression of enzymes from the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and enhances cholesterol efflux from cancer cells. Ultimately, low cholesterol levels through combined fasting and CBIs reduce AKT and STAT3 activity, oxidative phosphorylation and energy stores in the tumour. Our results support further studies of CBIs in combination with fasting-based dietary regimens in cancer treatment and highlight the value of fasting for drug repurposing in oncology.
Organomediated electrochemical fluorosulfonylation of aryl triflates via selective C–O bond cleavage
Authors: Kong Xianqiang , Chen Yiyi , Chen Xiaohui , Ma Cheng , Chen Ming , Wang Wei , Xu Yuan-Qing , Ni Shao-Fei , Cao Zhong-Yan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough aryl triflates are essential building blocks in organic synthesis, the applications as aryl radical precursors are limited. Herein, we report an organomediated electrochemical strategy for the generation of aryl radicals from aryl triflates, providing a useful method for the synthesis of aryl sulfonyl fluorides from feedstock phenol derivatives under very mild conditions. Mechanistic studies indicate that key to success is to use catalytic amounts of 9, 10-dicyanoanthracene as an organic mediator, enabling to selectively active aryl triflates to form aryl radicals via orbital-symmetry-matching electron transfer, realizing the anticipated C–O bond cleavage by overcoming the competitive S–O bond cleavage. The transition-metal-catalyst-free protocol shows good functional group tolerance, and may overcome the shortages of known methods for aryl sulfonyl fluoride synthesis. Furthermore, this method has been used for the modification and formal synthesis of bioactive molecules or tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivative with improved quantum yield of fluorescence.
Revealing the role of double-layer microenvironments in pH-dependent oxygen reduction activity over metal-nitrogen-carbon catalysts
Authors: Li Peng , Jiao Yuzhou , Ruan Yaner , Fei Houguo , Men Yana , Guo Cunlan , Wu Yuen , Chen Shengli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA standing puzzle in electrochemistry is that why the metal-nitrogen-carbon catalysts generally exhibit dramatic activity drop for oxygen reduction when traversing from alkaline to acid. Here, taking FeCo-N6-C double-atom catalyst as a model system and combining the ab initio molecular dynamics simulation and in situ surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy, we show that it is the significantly distinct interfacial double-layer structures, rather than the energetics of multiple reaction steps, that cause the pH-dependent oxygen reduction activity on metal-nitrogen-carbon catalysts. Specifically, the greatly disparate charge densities on electrode surfaces render different orientations of interfacial water under alkaline and acid oxygen reduction conditions, thereby affecting the formation of hydrogen bonds between the surface oxygenated intermediates and the interfacial water molecules, eventually controlling the kinetics of the proton-coupled electron transfer steps. The present findings may open new and feasible avenues for the design of advanced metal-nitrogen-carbon catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
The effect of metformin therapy on serum thyrotropin and free thyroxine concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis
Authors: Amirabadizadeh Alireza , Amouzegar Atieh , Mehran Ladan , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractType 2 diabetes and thyroid function disorders are two common chronic endocrine disorders with the high prevalence in various populations. Metformin is well established as the first-line drug therapy for managing diabetes mellitus. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the effect of metformin on serum TSH and FT4 concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes. We searched PubMed, Scopus, web of science, Cochrane library, and google scholar to collect information on the effect of metformin on serum TSH and FT4 levels. Demographic and clinical information and serum TSH and FT4 concentrations before and after metformin treatment were extracted. Studies on patients over 18 years of age were included. A total of 11 studies including 1147 patients were selected for the final analysis. In hypothyroid patients, the TSH level decreased significantly after treatment with metformin (Hedges’s g:1.55, 95%CI 0.93–2.16, p-value < 0.001); FT4 level increased slightly after taking metformin, but the increase was not significant (Heddges’s g: − 0.30, 95%CI  − 0.90,0.31, p-value = 0.34). In euthyroid subjects, the slight decrease found in TSH and FT4 concentrations was not statistically significant. Metformin reduces TSH levels in hypothyroid patients; however, it has no effect on TSH levels in euthyroid patients. Metformin does not affect serum FT4 levels in euthyroid and hypothyroid patients.
Perceived financial well-being and its association with frontostriatal functional connectivity, real-life anticipatory experiences, and everyday happiness
Authors: Shin Won-Gyo , Jyung Mina , Choi Incheol , Sul Sunhae 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPerceived financial well-being (FWB) is an important aspect of life that can affect one’s attitude toward future experiences and happiness. However, the relationship between FWB, anticipatory experiences, and happiness, and the brain’s functional architecture underlying this relationship remain unknown. Here, we combined an experience sampling method, multilevel modeling, and functional neuroimaging to identify the neural correlates of FWB and their associations with real-world anticipatory experiences and everyday happiness. Behaviorally, we found that individuals with greater FWB felt more positive and more interested when they expected positive events to occur, which in turn resulted in increased everyday happiness. Furthermore, the level of FWB was significantly associated with the strength of functional connectivity (FC) between the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the local coherence within the vmPFC. The frontostriatal FC and local coherence within the vmPFC were further predictive of everyday happiness via the anticipatory response involving interestedness during positive expectations. Our findings suggest that individual differences in FWB could be reflected in the functional architecture of brain’s reward system that may contribute to shaping positive anticipatory experiences and happiness in daily life.