bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Mechanisms of Information Overload and Information Avoidance Behavior in College Students with Psychological Disorders in the Context of Social Media
Authors: Wang Linlin , Huang Wanyu , Tang Fang , Ruan Shengnan , Peng Qingjie , Yang Ming , Mao Qiyue , Li Zhi , Jiang Qinchen , Pan Minghao , Wang Fan , Li Gang , Wei Zhu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:The rapid expansion of social media has given rise to a myriad of challenges among college students facing psychological distress. An abundance of fragmented and repetitive information, often referred to as information overload, inundates users on social media platforms. This inundation presents significant hurdles for college students experiencing psychological distress when acquiring and processing information. This study investigates the associative mechanisms between information overload in the context of social media and information avoidance behaviors among college students experiencing psychological distress.Methods:From May to November 2023, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 college students experiencing psychological distress in a prefecture-level city in Henan Province, China, to collect textual data. Grounded theory was employed to conduct three-level coding of the 30 sets of textual data. Special emphasis was placed on analyzing the process of perceiving social media information overload. Subsequently, this analysis served as the foundation for constructing a factor model influencing information avoidance behaviors among college students experiencing psychological distress.Results:The study findings indicate that, within the context of social media, college students experiencing psychological distress are prone to prolonged exposure to information overload, leading to the development of negative emotions such as anxiety and fatigue, subsequently resulting in dissatisfaction with social media. In order to alleviate these negative emotions, they employ information avoidance strategies. These strategies evolve from initially skipping or skimming information to eventually directly avoiding or even discontinuing the use of specific social media platforms. This process is not only closely linked to negative emotions but is also influenced by negative cognitive tendencies. Coupled with the role of virtual social satisfaction and social scarcity, it easily triggers social comparisons and the fear of missing out, resulting in a cyclic impact.Conclusions:Within the context of social media, information overload and information avoidance behaviors among college students experiencing psychological distress are subject to a cyclic influence stemming from negative emotions, negative cognitive tendencies, virtual social satisfaction and social scarcity, social comparisons, and the fear of missing out. This study explores the mechanisms underlying the impact of information overload and information avoidance behaviors among college students experiencing psychological distress within the context of social media. It offers valuable insights for the prevention and intervention of psychological crises among college students.
Changes in the urinary metabolome accompanied alterations in body mass and composition in women with overweight – impact of high versus low protein breakfast
Authors: Correia Banny Silva Barbosa , Dalgaard Line Barner , Thams Line , Hansen Mette , Bertram Hanne Christine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Understanding why subjects with overweight and with obesity vary in their response to dietary interventions is of major interest for developing personalized strategies for body mass regulation.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in the urine metabolome and body mass during a breakfast meal intervention. Furthermore, we aimed to elucidate if the baseline urine metabolome could predict the response to the two types of breakfast meals (high versus low protein) during the intervention.
Methods
A total of 75 young, women with overweight were randomly allocated to one of two intervention groups: 1) High-protein (HP) or 2) low-protein (LP) breakfast as part of their habitual diet during a 12-week intervention. Beside the breakfast meal, participants were instructed to eat their habitual diet and maintain their habitual physical activity level. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics was conducted on urine samples collected at baseline (wk 0), mid-intervention (wk 6), and at endpoint (wk 12). At baseline and endpoint, body mass was measured and DXA was used to measure lean body mass and fat mass.
Results
The baseline urine metabolite profile showed a slightly higher correlation (R2 = 0.56) to body mass in comparison with lean body mass (R2 = 0.51) and fat mass (R2 = 0.53). Baseline 24-h urinary excretion of trigonelline, N,N-dimethylglycine, and trimethylamine were significantly higher in individuals who responded with a reduction in body mass to the HP breakfast.
Conclusions
The urine metabolome could partly explain differences in the response to the HP breakfast intervention in women with overweight, indicating that the urine metabolome has the potential to unveil important information about the metabolic phenotype.
Argon Plasma Photocoagulation: A Better Alternative for Preventing Chronic Ulcer and Bleeding in Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome? A Scoping Review
Authors: Ganduboina Rohit , Islam Farhad , Dutta Palak , Dhawan Ananya , Hamza Moh , Muttineni Sindhusree , Jha Gaurav , Sreeku Arjun , Keerthi Palagati , Kumar Yashaank , Gokuldas Mohini , Matthew Mohan P , Dominic Jerry Lorren , Mukherjee Indraneil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome (SRUS), known as "three-legged illness," involves single or multiple ulcers or hyperemic mucosa sans ulcers. With a complex, poorly understood etiology, treatment aims to address pathogenic processes. Argon Plasma Photocoagulation (APC), a novel approach for SRUS, offers potential advantages. APC is a thermal coagulation therapy that is used to halt bleeding and treat damaged tissue. This review highlights SRUS and APC efficacy vs. traditional therapy in reducing chronic ulcers and bleeding.
Method
The articles considered were obtained by performing a literature search in the PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases, and 32 relevant articles were considered and included in the study.
Results
Conventional therapies include behavioral therapy, sucralfate enemas, bulk laxatives, high-fiber supplements, and corticosteroid therapy, with rectopexy being a viable surgical option. The literature shows a relatively higher rate of ulcer recurrence and reduced ulcer healing with conservative therapy alone. Argon plasma photocoagulation proved to demonstrate better postoperative ulcer healing, control of bleeding, and lower recurrence rates. The studies found no instances of postoperative complications like intestinal perforation, fistula formation, or infection. It is a better alternative to conventional treatments. Furthermore, APC showed higher efficacy when combined with conventional therapy in terms of treatment for SRUS.
Conclusion
Argon plasma photocoagulation has shown better postoperative ulcer healing, control of bleeding, and lower recurrence rates. Furthermore, APC showed higher efficacy when combined with conventional therapy for SRUS. Long-term prospective studies and further robust statistical support comparing APC to conventional therapies for SRUS would help us determine a treatment modality of choice with more certainty for SRUS.
Physical and Mental Benefits of 16-Week Functional Fitness Training in Older Adults
Authors: Toth Eliza E. , Vujić Aleksandar , Ihász Ferenc , Ruíz-Barquín Roberto , Szabo Attila 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Functional fitness is essential in older adults. This study assessed the physical and mental effects of a 16-week exercise intervention based on the Fullerton Functional Fitness Test (FFFT) in adults over 60. Thirty-eight participants (66% women), Mage = 80.15, SD = 7.21, were randomized into exercise (n = 24) and waiting list control (n = 14) groups. The former trained thrice weekly for one hour. Objective tests (FFFT and handgrip power) and subjective psychological measures (life satisfaction, resilience, happiness, perceived stress, and well-being) were evaluated at baseline, after eight weeks, and after 16 weeks. The data were analyzed using mixed-effect regression models. Post-hoc analyses revealed the group differences. The results yielded statistically significant interaction effects (group × time) in all models, indicating improvements in physical and psychological measures over time in the treatment group compared to the control group. Furthermore, significant differences between the groups in estimated marginal means (with adjusted 95% confidence intervals) emerged in happiness after 16 weeks (-3.5 [-6.5, -0.4]), resilience (-5.5 [-9.9, -1.2]), perceived stress (2.2 [0.2, 4.2]), well-being (-5.8 [-7.9, -3.6]), upper limb strength (-5.7 [-9.0, -2.4]), upper body flexibility (-8.7 [-16.4, -1.0]), and agility and balance (4.6 [1.2, 8.1]). Among these measures, the differences existed even after 8-weeks, except for happiness and resilience. In conclusion, functional fitness training lasting only 16 weeks can benefit older adults both physically and mentally.
An Intelligent Evaluation Method of Business English Translation Ability Based on Collaborative Game Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Yu Feng , Zhou Wei , Zhang Yu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In today's globalized business climate, translation is essential for promoting successful communication. For precise and dependable communication, it is crucial to assess the translation skills of experts in the area of business English. However, the current evaluation techniques frequently lack clever and team-based methodologies to evaluate translation talents completely. In order to fill this gap, the Collaborative Game Particle Swarm Algorithm (CGPSA) is used in this study to present an intelligent evaluation approach for Business English translation proficiency. The CGPSA develops an interesting and efficient evaluation procedure by fusing the ideas of game theory and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The development of computerized sentence recognition that is specifically adapted to the features of business English has been greatly aided by the CGPSA. The CGPSA has been used to collect, organize, and analyze data, enabling sophisticated identification of business English. With a total score of 93.4, the suggested framework's results show high recognition accuracy. The findings show that in terms of accuracy in recognition, frequency magnitude, and intelligent translation, the CGPSA-based assessment technique performs better than conventional evaluation methodologies.
Acinetobacter lentus sp. nov. isolated from Landfill
Authors: Xia Mengli , He Mingxiong , Wang Yanwei , Wu Bo , Hu Guoquan , Zhao Yuandong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The taxonomic position of strain CAAS 2-6T, a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, mesophilic bacterium with positive catalase and negative oxidase activity, isolated from Chang'an Landfill in the Longquan Mountains, China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence (1459 bp) of strain CAAS 2-6T showed high sequence similarity to A. gerneri DSM 14967T (97.74%), followed by A. kanungonis PS-1T (97.60%) and A. tandoii DSM 14970T (97.53%). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and gyrB gene sequences, together with DNA–DNA hybridization values less than 70 %, indicated that strain CAAS 2-6T belongs to the genus Acinetobacter and may represent a novel species. Genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 4.829 Mbp and a G + C content of 57.13 mol%. Major fatty acids identified were Summed Feature 3 (25.78%), C16:0 (25.74%), C18:1 ω9c (10.46%), C12:0 (6.96%) and C16:0 N alcohol (6.45%). The polar lipid profile of strain CAAS 2-6T revealed the presence of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and diphosphatidylglycerol. Based on phenotypic, phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, strain CAAS 2-6T was clearly distinct from the type strains of other recognized species in the genus Acinetobacter, suggesting that it represents a novel species of the genus Acinetobacter. Therefore, the name Acinetobacter lentus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAAS 2-6T (= GDMCC 1.3951T = KCTC 8156T = JCM 36321T).
A Model-based approach for the preliminary design of the SAR Upstream element for the Italian IRIDE EO constellation based on users’ demand
Authors: Conti Federica , Eugeni Marco , Marzioli Paolo , Pasquali Michele , Schiavon Emma , Xuan Alessandra Nguyen , Tornato Antonella , Geraldini Serena , Piergentili Fabrizio , Taramelli Andrea , Gaudenzi Paolo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Traditional approaches to the design of satellite constellations are typically related to technical conditions and financial effort. The use of optimization methods is limited to design specific technical performances of the single spacecraft, missing to resort to a holistic view of the whole mission including user needs. Given the growing significance of large Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations of small satellites in Earth Observation, there is a pressing need to develop design tools that can incorporate user needs into the overall preliminary design process of a constellation. This paper aims to formulate and preliminarily test a systematic model-based approach capable of integrating user needs within the entire preliminary design process of a constellation architecture. The purpose of the methodology is to identify cost-effective architectures for more detailed design studies and to propose optimal solutions to fulfill the variety of requests from users. It is composed of five major steps: formulation, enumeration, simulation, evaluation, and down-selection. As a case study, the proposed approach is implemented to define the preliminary architecture of the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sub-constellation within the IRIDE Italian program. Performance is assessed based on the percentage of satisfied user needs and the volume of downlinked data to ground stations. Five optimal SAR constellations are proposed. Results demonstrate that the approach provides a valuable tool for the optimal preliminary design of a satellite infrastructure, taking into account not only technical performance but also user needs throughout the entire design process.
Aβ1-42 stimulates an increase in autophagic activity through tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in HTR-8/SVneo cells and pre-eclampsia
Authors: Gao Qian , Cheng Kai , Cai Leiming , Duan Yuping , Liu Yan , Nie Zhiwen , Li Qian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Environmental changes can trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and misfolded protein accumulation, potentially leading to Pre-eclampsia (PE). Amyloid-β (Aβ) is a crucial misfolded protein that can overactivate autophagy. Our study assessed the expression of Aβ1−42 and autophagic activity in PE placental tissues and trophoblasts under ER stress. Placental tissues were surgically collected from normal pregnant women (NP) and pregnant women with PE delivering through cesarean section. The expression levels of Aβ1−42 were detected in both PE and NP placental tissues, as well as in tunicamycin (TM)-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells. Autophagy-related proteins, such as Beclin-1, the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I, ATG5, and SQSTM1/p62 in the placental tissues and HTR-8/SVneo cells were measured by Western blot. The number and morphology of autophagosomes were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Potential targets associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the placental tissues of NP and PE cases were screened using PCR Arrays. The misfolded protein was significantly upregulated in the PE group. In both Pre-eclampsia (PE) placental tissues and TM-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells, not only was Aβ1–42 upregulated, but also Beclin-1, ATG5, and LC3BII/I were significantly increased, accompanied by an increase in autophagosome count, while SQSTM1/P62 was downregulated. A total of 17 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the UPR were identified, among which elevated calnexin (CANX) was validated in the placenta from both PE and TM-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells. Autophagy is significantly upregulated in PE cases due to ER stress-induced Aβ1−42 accumulation, likely mediated by autophagy-related proteins involved in the UPR.
Social Anxiety Profiles and Psychopathological Symptom Differences in Spanish Adolescents
Authors: Urbán Dori J. A. , García-Fernández José M. , Inglés Cándido J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Research on social anxiety (SA) over the years has revealed its associations with different psychopathological symptoms. This study aims to characterize SA profiles among Spanish adolescents and explore their differences in psychopathological symptoms. Data from 1,288 Spanish students in the 15 to 18 age range (M = 16.30, SD = 0.97, 47.5% female) were collected using random cluster sampling. The Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) and the Symptom Assessment-45 Questionnaire (SA-45) were employed. Four SA profiles were revealed by the Latent Profile Analysis (LPA): extreme SA, high SA, moderate SA, and low SA. Statistically significant differences in psychopathological symptoms were revealed by the MANOVA (effect sizes from d = -2.13 to d = -0.37). The extreme SA profile exhibited the most severe psychopathological symptoms, whereas the low SA profile displayed the mildest manifestations. Proposed interventions aim to support adolescents with SA risk profiles.
Precipitation and temperature drive woody dynamics in the grasslands of sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: D'Adamo Francesco , Spake Rebecca , Bullock James M. , Ogutu Booker , Dash Jadunandan , Eigenbrod Felix 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Understanding the drivers of ecosystem dynamics, and how responses vary spatially and temporally, is a critical challenge in the face of global change. Here we used structural equation models and remote sensing datasets to understand the direct and indirect effects of climatic, environmental, and anthropogenic variables on woody vegetation dynamics across four grasslands regions (i.e., Sahel grasslands, Greater Karoo and Kalahari drylands, Southeast African subtropical grasslands, and Madagascar) of sub-Saharan Africa. We focus on African grasslands given their importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, the lack of clarity on how they are likely to respond to changes in disturbances, and how such responses vary geographically. This is particularly the case of grass-dominated ecosystems – the focus of our study – rather than more mixed grass-tree regions (e.g., savannas). Rainfall (β = 0.148 [-0.111, 0.398]) and temperature (β = -0.109 [-0.387, 0.133]) showed consistently opposing effects on woody vegetation (average standardised regression coefficients and 95% confidence interval range during 1997–2016) across the four bioregions. Other variables showed overall negligible effects including, for instance, dry season rainfall, soil moisture and, notably, fire. Other relationships were more context-dependent. Only Greater Karoo and Kalahari drylands showed a negative relationship between woody vegetation and fire (β = -0.031 [-0.069, 0.021]). Similarly, in Madagascar we observed strong negative effects of temperature (β = -0.429 [-1.215, -0.259]) and population density (β = -0.354 [-0.651, -0.015]) on burned area, yet these did not result in any significant indirect effects on woody vegetation. Our results clarify the contribution of environmental and anthropogenic variables in controlling woody dynamics at broad spatiotemporal scales and reveal that the widely documented negative feedback between fire and woody vegetation does not necessarily apply across all African grasslands.
Real-time Road Anomaly Detection using Advanced Sensor Networks
Authors: Rahmani Ali , Al-Farsi Fatima , Chen Wei , Shen Zhou 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Real-time road anomaly detection is a critical aspect of modern urban transportation systems, aiming to enhance road safety and traffic management. In this paper, we propose an innovative methodology that integrates advanced sensor networks and machine learning algorithms to achieve accurate and efficient anomaly detection. Our approach involves the fusion of visual data, LiDAR, and vehicular communication signals, providing a comprehensive understanding of the road environment. Key components include an adaptive weighting mechanism, spatial-temporal fusion through convolutional long short-term memory networks (ConvLSTM), and dynamic thresholding. Through a series of experiments, we benchmark our method against established approaches, demonstrating superior performance in terms of precision, recall, and F1-score metrics, coupled with significantly lower execution times. The adaptability, efficiency, and accuracy of our proposed method position it as a promising solution for real-time road anomaly detection in dynamic urban environments.
Role of legal rules in cooperation and peaceful settlement of disputes in transboundary river basin: interaction theory of law revisited
Authors: Edum Chukwuebuka 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article interrogates the misunderstanding about the inability of legal rules to influence relations between states in transboundary river basins. Building on the interactional theory of law, the author formulates three analytical frameworks for understanding the role of legal rules in the processes of cooperation and peaceful settlement of disputes in transboundary river basins. The article ultimately argues that law offers broader utility than previously envisaged to these processes. In conclusion, it teases out five such utilities of legal rules as demonstrated by four case studies in a broader study.
Advance of Metformin in Liver Disease
Authors: Bao Jiaqi , Zhao Yudi , Xu Xiao , Ling Sunbin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Metformin is a first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes with a good
safety profile and relatively low cost. In recent years, many other effects of metformin
have been discovered. In this review, we provide the research advances in metformin in
liver disease. High-dose metformin can activate AMPK by inhibiting mitochondrial complex 1. In addition, low-dose metformin could activate lysosomal AMPK through PEN2.
Activated AMPK can reduce fatty acid synthesis, inhibit tumor proliferation and metastasis, and reshape the tumor microenvironment. In addition, metformin can reduce ROS
production by inhibiting mitochondrial complex 1, which can reduce liver damage.
Therefore, metformin has been found to alleviate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cirrhosis, relieve liver damage, and reduce the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and
cholangiocarcinoma. This information suggests that metformin may represent a new possibility for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases