bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Opportunities in Exploring Non‐Motor Symptoms in 6‐Hydroxydopamine Models of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Prates‐Rodrigues Mateus , Schweizer Beatriz Lage Araújo , de Paula Gomes Clara , Ribeiro Ângela Maria , Padovan‐Neto Fernando E. , Masini Debora , Lopes‐Aguiar Cleiton 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Non‐motor symptoms, including depression, hyposmia, and sleep disturbances, often emerge in the early stages of PD, but their mechanisms remain poorly understood. The 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) rodent model is a well‐established tool for preclinical research, replicating key motor and non‐motor symptoms of PD. In this review, we systematically analyzed 135 studies that used 6‐OHDA rodent models of PD to investigate non‐motor symptoms. The review process adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Our analysis highlights the growing use of 6‐OHDA PD models for experimental research of non‐motor symptoms. It also reveals significant variability in methodologies, including choices of brain target, toxin dosage, lesion verification strategies, and behavioral assessment reporting. Factors that hinder reproducibility and comparability of findings across studies. We highlight the need for standardization in 6‐OHDA‐based models with particular emphasis on consistent evaluation of lesion extent and reporting of the co‐occurrence of non‐motor symptoms. By fostering methodological coherence, this framework aims to enhance the reproducibility, reliability, and translational value of 6‐OHDA models in PD non‐motor symptom research.
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Nanocomposites soft and hard denture liners containing ZrO2 nanoparticles: An in vitro evaluation of surface roughness and Candida albicans adhesion
Authors: Alshahrani Faris A. , Albazroun Zainab , Alabdullatif Atheer , Aldehaileb Sarah , Khan Soban Q. , Fouda Shaimaa M. , Balhaddad Abdulrahman A. , Abdelfattah Mohamed Y. , Gad Mohammed M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the impact of zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (nano‐ZrO2) addition to hard and soft liners on the surface roughness and Candida albicans adhesion.Materials and MethodsNano‐ZrO2 was added to hard and soft chairside reline material in two concentrations (2% wt. and 4% wt.) while an unmodified group of each liner acted as a control, (n = 10). Disc‐shaped (10 × 1.3 mm) specimens of hard denture reline (N = 60) and soft denture reline (N = 60) materials were prepared (30/test). A noncontact profilometer was used for surface roughness measurement. A colony‐forming unit (CFU/mL) was used to evaluate Candida albicans adhesion. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and a post hoc Tukey's test (α = 0.05).ResultsNo significant change in surface roughness was observed with nano‐ZrO2 addition; however, the control groups showed the highest value while 2% nano‐ZrO2 showed the lowest value. In comparison to the control groups, nano‐ZrO2 addition to the hard and soft liners significantly reduced Candida albicans adhesion (p < 0.001), regardless of the concentration.ConclusionIncorporating nano‐ZrO2 into hard and soft liner had no effect on surface roughness while its addition reduced Candida albicans adhesion. Using chairside soft and hard liners containing nano‐ZrO2 is recommended to reduce the incidence of denture stomatitis (DS) among denture wearers.
Emotional Projective Mapping (EmoMap): A Pilot Study Examining a Tool for Collecting Emotional Responses to Food
Authors: Coelho Laura M. , Sharma Madhu , Duizer Lisa 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEmotions can provide meaningful information for understanding food choices. Most methods for collecting emotions in sensory evaluation are list‐based questionnaires. Lists, however, might reduce data accuracy and lead to lost information. Therefore, an adaptation of projective mapping for collecting emotional responses, called Emotional Projective Mapping (EmoMap) is being piloted. To validate the EmoMap, online, it was compared to two lexicon techniques (EsSense25/emotion circumplex). Pictures of eight foods were presented to 63 participants who answered how they expected to feel if they could eat the food. EmoMap was effective in discriminating and describing foods based on the emotional profile. Twenty‐seven emotion categories were created providing broad descriptive data for a holistic understanding of participants' perceptions. EmoMap can effectively be used to collect product‐specific emotional data in a single session. Data collected were used in an integrative analysis to show an overall relation between emotions, attributes, and liking.
Trisomy 8‐Positive Atypical Neuro‐Behçet's Disease With Recurrent Fever Attacks and Meningitis Over 17 Years
Authors: Hamada Yuichi , Sekiya Tomoko , Nakano Mai , Kida Yuko , Kitano Masayasu , Shibata Masunari , Nishinaka Kazuto 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTrisomy 8 very rarely causes atypical Behçet's disease without myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We report the case of 75‐year‐old woman with trisomy 8 who developed an atypical neuro‐Behçet's disease (NBD) without MDS. She developed aseptic meningitis and ileal ulcers after 17 years of recurrent fever attacks with high C‐reactive protein levels. Despite steroid treatment, her condition deteriorated. Laboratory tests showed human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐B54, HLA‐Cw1, and a heterozygous E148Q mutation in the MEFV gene. She had no MDS complications. Colchicine and adalimumab were effective. Two years later, pathergy and genital ulcers appeared. We diagnosed NBD based on the symptoms. Chromosomal abnormalities, genetic factors, and HLA typing could influence symptoms and treatment responsiveness.
Oral Leukoplakia Microbiome Predicts the Degree of Dysplasia and is Shaped by Smoking and Tooth Loss
Authors: Galvin Sheila , Honari Bahman , Anishchuk Sviatlana , Healy Claire M. , Moran Gary P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to determine if the oral potentially malignant disorder, oral leukoplakia (OLK), exhibited microbiome changes that predict the degree of dysplasia and the risk of malignant progression.ResultsWe examined the microbiome in 216 swabs of OLK from 177 patients. Compared to healthy controls (n = 120 swabs from 61 patients), who were less likely to smoke and had better oral health, OLK patients exhibited an increased abundance of Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus parasanguinis and S. salivarius, resembling acetaldehyde generating communities described previously. Compared to the patients' healthy contralateral normal (CLN) mucosa (n = 202), which acts as a matched control for oral health parameters, OLK exhibited increased S. infantis, Leptotrichia spp., Bergeyella spp., Porphyromonas spp. and F. nucleatum. Machine learning with clinical and microbiome data could discriminate high‐risk dysplasia (moderate to severe) from low‐risk dysplasia (none or mild) (sensitivity 87.4%; specificity 76.5%). Follow‐up swabs were recovered from 58 patients, eight of whom progressed to a higher grade of dysplasia or OSCC and these eight patients exhibited a higher abundance of Fusobacterium species at their initial presentation.ConclusionsOur study suggests that the OLK microbiome has potential to be an aid to the prediction of dysplasia grade and the risk of malignant transformation.
A comparative diagnostic study using clinical and multimodal assessment, including functional neuroimaging and oculomotricity tools, to differentiate ADHD in young patients from healthy control group
Authors: Ma Guocan , Eng Alexander E. , Chiang Soon‐kiat , Hao Fengyi , McIntyre Roger S. , Zhou Dewen , Yang Ying , Ho Roger C. , Yam Kai Chi 
Published: February 2025

AimAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may persist into adulthood, with no established objective diagnostic tool yet. This study aims to propose a multimodal objective assessment tool involving clinical assessments, functional neuroimaging, and oculomotricity measurement for ADHD in young adults.MethodsSeventy‐one medication‐naïve patients and 71 healthy controls (HCs) aged 18 to 28 underwent clinical interviews, Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) questionnaire, functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), oculomotricity task, and Conners' Continuous Performance Task (CPT) 3rd edition. Student's t‐tests with Bonferroni's correction were performed to compare the performance between groups, and logistic regression was used for classification.ResultsADHD patients had significantly lower frontal hemodynamic response during verbal fluency task (VFT) (P = 0.0003), more anticipatory eye movements during overlap task (P = 0.0006), higher latency (P < 0.0001), anticipatory (P < 0.0001), and errors (P < 0.0001) during anti‐saccade task, as well as higher commission errors (P < 0.0001) and standard deviation in hit reaction time (HRT) (P = 0.0018). The multivariate logistic regression model featuring these seven parameters from the three objective tests (fNIRS‐VFT, oculomotricity, and CPT) yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.892 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.840–0.944), with sensitivity and specificity of 80.28% and 84.51%, respectively.ConclusionThis multimodal assessment offered an accurate diagnostic tool for ADHD in young adults and laid the foundation for future machine‐learning approaches.
Two‐year impact of COVID‐19: Longitudinal MRI brain changes and neuropsychiatric trajectories
Authors: Dadsena Ravi , Walders Julia , Costa Ana S. , Wetz Sophie , Romanzetti Sandro , Lischewski Stella Andrea , Krockauer Christina , Heine Josephine , Schlenker Lars , Klabunn Pia , Schwichtenberg Katia , Hartung Tim J. , Franke Christiana , Balloff Carolin , Binkofski Ferdinand , Schulz Jörg B. , Finke Carsten , Reetz Kathrin 
Published: February 2025

AimUp to 10% of SARS‐CoV‐2 infected individuals suffer from post‐COVID‐19 condition, marked by fatigue and cognitive dysfunction as major symptoms. Longitudinal studies on neuropsychological and clinical trajectories and related brain changes are scarce. Here, we aimed to examine their evolution up to 2 years post‐infection.MethodsIn a multi‐center, longitudinal study of 79 post‐COVID patients (mean age 46, 48 female) with persistent symptoms and 21 age‐ and sex‐matched never‐infected, healthy controls (mean age 42, eight female), we analyzed neuropsychological performance, self‐reported outcomes and associated neuroimaging alterations of resting‐state functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging data 23 months post‐infection.ResultsIn post‐COVID patients 23 months after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection we observed (1) that fatigue severity had reduced but still remained present in most patients, (2) widespread brain changes involving the brainstem, the pre‐ and postcentral gyrus and the limbic olfactory network, (3) a weakening of self‐reported fatigue and its cerebral associations. Notably, findings of brain aberrations were more pronounced in hospitalized patients.ConclusionOur findings indicate that complex brain adaptations take place up to 2 years following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Some regions manifest enduring abnormalities while others undergo restitution. The attenuation of radio‐clinical associations suggests a compensatory function for these regions, pointing to non‐brain intrinsic factors to sustain persistent fatigue.
Incidence and Management of Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder After Pediatric Solid Organ Transplantation: The Norwegian Experience
Authors: Aartun Olav Sondre Skorge , Hustveit Karen Henriette , Munthe‐Kaas Monica Cheng , Gjerstad Ann Christin , Bjerre Anna , Østensen Anniken Bjørnstad , Möller Thomas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPosttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a complication of solid organ transplantation (SOT) due to immunosuppression. In 2023, a pediatric PTLD register was established in Norway because of a perceived increase in the incidence of pediatric PTLD. This study aimed to analyze population‐based data on the incidence and management of pediatric PTLD after SOT using the pediatric PTLD registry in Norway.MethodsThis retrospective quality assurance study collected the data of pediatric patients with PTLD after SOT in Norway from January 1, 1995, to December 31, 2023. For comparison and calculation of incidence rates, SOT patients without PTLD required a minimum of 1 year posttransplant follow‐up to be included.ResultsA total of 457 patients underwent SOT (57% males) and 22 (4.8%) developed PTLD (73% males). The median age at transplant in the SOT and PTLD groups were 9.5 (interquartile range, 2.4–14.5) and 4.3 (1.1–12.5) years, respectively. Twenty patients with PTLD (91%) were Epstein–Barr virus naive at the time of transplantation. Eighteen (82%) and four (18%) patients developed early and late PTLD, respectively. Ten patients had monomorphic PTLD (45%). All patients received a reduction in immunosuppression, 15 received rituximab, and six required chemotherapy. Six patients (27%) died after PTLD, five of whom had active PTLD disease at the time of death. None of the patients experienced graft loss.ConclusionsOur findings regarding the incidence, EBV status, sex, and age at transplantation align with those of previous studies.
Reactive oxygen species are involved in inhibition of photoreactivation of Staphylococcus aureus irradiated with 222‐nm Far ultraviolet C
Authors: Fukushi Risako , Narita Kouji , Yamane Kyosuke , Koi Toru , Asano Krisana , Nakane Akio 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUltraviolet‐C (UV‐C) at a wavelength of 254 nm is used for disinfection but cannot be used in dwelling space because it is harmful to the human body, while 222‐nm Far UV‐C shows germicidal effect and poses little hazardous effect to human. Formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) of DNA is a main mechanism of UV‐C germicidal effect. CPD formed by irradiation with 254‐nm UV‐C is repaired and bacterial proliferation is recovered by photoreactivation. In this study, we investigated photoreactivation of Staphylococcus aureus irradiated with 222‐nm Far UV‐C. The proliferative effect of 222‐nm Far UV‐C irradiated S. aureus by photoreactivation was inferior to that of irradiated with 254‐nm UV‐C. The 254‐nm UV‐C wavelength and 222‐nm Far UV‐C induced CPD in S. aureus cells, and the same level of CPD was repaired in cells irradiated with either UV‐C after photoreactivation. It has been reported that UV‐C induces generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bacteria and that ROS oxidize and inactivate a variety of biomolecules in bacteria. This study showed that more ROS‐producing S. aureus were observed after irradiation with 222‐nm Far UV‐C compared with 254‐nm UV‐C. These results indicate that ROS may be involved in lower recovery of 222‐nm Far UV‐C irradiated S. aureus by photoreactivation.
Heterotrimeric G protein interacts with MLO1 to regulate a trade‐off between disease resistance and growth in wheat
Authors: Zhang Yunwei , Yang Ziyi , Bai Wanqing , Huang Shuxian , Chen Yaoyu , Sun Jiaqiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe molecular mechanisms underlying the balance between disease resistance and growth in wheat remain largely unclear. Here, we report that CRISPR/Cas9‐guided gene‐editing mutants of wheat G alpha subunit exhibit compact plant architecture and enhanced resistance against powdery mildew but with a compromise in yield traits. RNA‐seq analyses show that some growth‐related genes were down‐regulated while some disease resistance‐related genes were up‐regulated in the Tagα‐aabbdd mutant. We demonstrate that the C‐terminal peptide403‐534 of TaMLO1 mediates the interaction with TaGα. Furthermore, TaMLO1 can significantly interfere with the interaction between TaGα and TaGβ. Taken together, we discover the functional association of TaMLO1 and heterotrimeric G protein in regulating a trade‐off between disease resistance and growth in wheat.
Impact of Nigrospora oryzae‐Derived Natural Products on Photosynthesis and Oxidative Stress in Eichhornia crassipes
Authors: Laosinwattana Chamroon , Manichart Nutcha , Wichittrakarn Pattharin , Yoneyama Kaori , Teerarak Montinee , Passara Hataichanok 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInterest in natural herbicides has been growing due to government policies restricting synthetic herbicide use in many countries. In that regard, this study investigates the potential of Nigrospora oryzae extract as a natural herbicide against the aquatic invasive weed Eichhornia crassipes. A stable formulation was developed with a droplet size of 36.44 ± 0.36 nm and a zeta potential of ‐62.59 mV. Pot‐based experiments revealed the N. oryzae extract induced 38.33% phytotoxicity within 24 hours, increasing to 84.72% by 28 days post‐treatment. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated morphoanatomical changes in epidermal tissue and stroma of E. crassipes, such as erosion of epicuticular waxes and degeneration of epidermis cells. The treatment significantly reduced the photosynthetic pigment content while increasing hydrogen peroxide (46.26%), malondialdehyde (17.49%), and proline (19.16%) levels, causing cellular electrolyte leakage. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase were significantly elevated (p<0.05), indicating oxidative damage. These findings demonstrate that N. oryzae extract can disrupt growth and photosynthesis and induce oxidative stress in E. crassipes, suggesting its potential as a source of natural herbicide for industrial application.
Late‐life parkinsonism in bipolar disorder
Authors: Nishio Yoshiyuki , Amemiya Kiyomi , Oyama Jun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimParkinsonism is a frequently encountered symptom in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). It can be drug‐induced, co‐occurring with Parkinson's disease (PD), or a genuine motor abnormality of BD itself. This study aims to address the primary pathophysiology of parkinsonism in BD.MethodsSixteen patients with BD and parkinsonism were recruited from consecutive patients who were referred to a neurology clinic at a tertiary psychiatric centre. The patients underwent clinical assessments, dopamine transporter single‐photon computed tomography (DAT‐SPECT), cardiac 123I‐metaiodo‐benzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy, and morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The positivity or negativity of Lewy body disease (LBD) biomarkers was determined based on the visual assessment of DAT‐SPECT and heart‐to‐mediastinum ratio on cardiac MIBG scintigraphy. Four out of the 16 participants received 300‐600 mg of levodopa.ResultsThirteen patients were diagnosed with BD type 1, and 12 had experienced >5 previous mood episodes. Parkinsonism developed more than 10 years after the onset of BD and after the age of 50 years in all patients. Four cases were positive for LBD biomarkers. Six patients with negative LBD biomarkers showed reduced striatal uptake with z‐scores below −2.0. MRI morphometry revealed varying degrees of brain atrophy in most patients. Three of the four patients did not respond to 600 mg of levodopa.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that the majority of parkinsonism observed in BD is not a consequence of PD/LBD. Instead, it may represent a genuine motor abnormality of BD in late life.
Dissipative Gradient Nonlinearities Prevent δ$\delta$‐Formations in Local and Nonlocal Attraction–Repulsion Chemotaxis Models
Authors: Li Tongxing , Acosta‐Soba Daniel , Columbu Alessandro , Viglialoro Giuseppe 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe study a class of zero‐flux attraction–repulsion chemotaxis models, characterized by nonlinearities laws for the diffusion of the cell density , the chemosensitivities and the production rates of the chemoattractant and the chemorepellent . In addition, a source involving also the gradient of is incorporated. Our overall study touches on different aspects: we address questions connected to local well‐posedness, we derive sufficient conditions to ensure boundedness of solutions, and finally, we develop numerical simulations giving insights into the evolution of the system.
Introducing the suicide prevention trials database: A publicly available data repository of suicide prevention studies
Authors: O'Neil Maya E. , Veazie Stephanie , Krushnic Danielle , Hannon Sara , Baker‐Robinson William , Adams Joren , Clauss Kate , Constans Joseph , Hamblen Jessica L. , Somohano Vanessa C. , Denneson Lauren M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare, research, policy, and legislative stakeholders need timely, accurate, and detailed information on the effectiveness and potential harms of suicide prevention approaches. We created the Suicide Prevention Trials Database (SPTD) to provide a centralized, publicly accessible, detailed database of harmonized study‐level suicide prevention clinical trial data.MethodsWe searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of suicide prevention published from 1980 to 2023. Over 300 data variables were extracted from each RCT.ResultsWe identified a total of 140 unique RCTs in 180 articles. Most of the included RCTs compared two treatment arms (92%), and the remainder compared three arms (88%). Nearly half of the RCTs reported on Behavioral Interventions (49%), followed by Care Management, Follow‐up, or Monitoring (16%). Typically, the comparator condition was Treatment as Usual (53%). Interventions were most often delivered in person (61%) in an individual format (79%).ConclusionsThe SPTD provides efficient, accurate, up‐to‐date access to a comprehensive suicide prevention trials database, which can be utilized by a range of stakeholders. It can reduce the time required for high‐quality systematic reviews and provides researchers, administrators, and funders with current data on the state of the literature.
Teacher leadership for integrated STEM education: Identifying what effective leaders need to know and do
Authors: Stevenson Emma , Thompson Pauline 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInternationally, science, technology, engineering, mathematics (iSTEM) education continues to flourish in schools, with many now embracing the combined disciplinary assumption suggested by its acronym; integrated STEM (iSTEM) education. Advocated for its potential to increase student interest and achievement in STEM subjects, courses, and careers, leadership in iSTEM education is beneficial for promoting its success in schools. However, there is limited understanding of the characteristics of effective iSTEM teacher leaders. Seeking to provide greater insight into iSTEM teacher leadership, the research question addressed in this study is: What are the characteristics of iSTEM teacher leaders? This qualitative study explored teacher leaders' perceptions of the characteristics valuable for supporting iSTEM education in schools. Data collected involved semi‐structured interviews with five teachers implementing and leading iSTEM education. Findings identify the importance of iSTEM education‐specific characteristics such as disciplinary knowledge and creating iSTEM teaching resources. Differences between leaders revealed the importance of considering contextual needs and capabilities. This paper discusses the identified characteristics and their importance in supporting iSTEM progression in schools, providing valuable insight for school principals and those designing leadership programs for teachers, as well as suggestions for further research.