bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of thermal strain of metallized silicon nitride substrate under cyclic thermal loading by digital image correlation
Authors: Ngo Minh Chu , Miyazaki Hiroyuki , Hirao Kiyoshi , Fukushima Manabu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this research, a digital image correlation method was employed to measure the thermal strain of a metallized silicon nitride substrate subjected to multiple successive thermal cycles from −40 to 250°C. In all the thermal strain curves observed during the 1000 thermal cycles, consistent hysteresis loops were detected. At the beginning of the heating or cooling process, the curves display slopes nearly identical to the theoretical coefficient of the thermal expansion (CTE) of the metallized composite. Subsequently, the slope gradually decreased until the completion of heating or cooling and eventually reached the CTE of the plain silicon nitride substrate. However, as the number of thermal cycles increased, the deviation temperature from the theoretical CTE during heating increased, whereas the temperature decreased during cooling, but it did so to a lower temperature. The maximum expansion and contraction observed during each cycle increased equally between the initial thermal cycle and the 100th cycle, after which a saturation point was reached. The relationship between the increase, saturation, and cyclic hardening of copper plates on a metallized silicon nitride substrate is further discussed in this study, shedding light on the overall strain range over thermal cycles.
Friction and wear characteristics of β‐Sialon prepared from secondary aluminum dross
Authors: Zheng Changjiang , Hang Kepeng , Wang Longlong , Li Mingke , Liu Jun , Yi Xuemei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the properties of β‐Sialon synthesized from secondary aluminum dross. High‐purity β‐Sialon powders were synthesized through nitriding reduction, followed by spark plasma sintering to obtain dense sintered bodies. The phase composition, microstructure, microhardness, and friction and wear characteristics of the sintered bodies were analyzed using X‐ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, a microhardness tester, and a friction and wear tester, respectively. Fracture analysis revealed a combination of through‐crystal and along‐crystal fractures, with fracture occurrence correlated to crack expansion. The crystalline fractures exhibited a toughening effect. The friction and wear test of the sintered bodies demonstrated a decrease in the friction coefficient with increasing load and speed. The wear behavior of the sintered bodies encompassed abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and fatigue wear. Abrasive wear dominated at low speed and low load, while adhesive wear was prominent at high speed and high load. Increasing speed accentuated adhesive wear characteristics, while increasing load led to the formation of a material layer on the friction ball surface, delaying wear initiation.
Examining statistical literacy, attitudes toward statistics, and statistics self‐efficacy among applied linguistics research students in China
Authors: Zhang Peixin , Han Chao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStatistics has played an increasingly important role in applied linguistics research. However, little research has been available that sheds light on statistical literacy among early‐career researchers of applied linguistics. The study reported in this article surveyed statistical literacy, attitudes toward statistics, and statistics self‐efficacy among Chinese applied linguistics research students and further examined the inter‐variable relationships. Based on analyses of the cross‐sectional survey of 211 master's students, we found that: (1) the students’ overall statistical literacy was not satisfying; (2) although they thought positively of statistics, they were not particularly confident with statistics; (3) the three experience‐related variables—the number of statistics courses taken, quantitative research orientation, and self‐training—were important predictors of statistical literacy, attitudes toward statistics, and statistics self‐efficacy; and (4) statistics self‐efficacy seemed to mediate the relationship between attitudes toward statistics and statistical literacy. We discussed these findings in relation to improving statistics courses in applied linguistics program in China and to statistics learning and teaching.
LncRNA CRNDE is downregulated and associated with poor prognostic markers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Shehata Amira M. F. , Gohar Suzy F. , Muharram Nashwa M. , Soliman Shaimaa Sherif , Shalaby Hadeel M. , Kamal Eldin Samar M. , EL‐Bassal Fathia I. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by a very heterogeneous clinical outcome. Thus, a plethora of prognostic factors and systems has been identified to place patients into different risk categories and to guide therapy decisions. The classic clinical staging models by Rai and Binet have been the cornerstone of patient management for several years. The greater insight into the molecular biology of CLL facilitated the advent of prognostic genetic biomarkers that are expected to impact clinical practice soon in the future. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) CRNDE in patients with CLL, and to analyze its relationship with the clinicopathological parameters of CLL.MethodsIn this study, 40 untreated CLL patients and 30 age‐ and gender‐matched controls were enrolled. The analysis of lncRNA CRNDE expression was determined using reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique.ResultsOur result confirmed the downregulated expression of LncRNA CRNDE in CLL patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). The low expression of CRNDE was significantly associated with poor prognostic markers including advanced stage of CLL, high levels of serum beta‐2 microglobulin and lactic dehydrogenase, and the presence of del17p (p = 0.029, p = 0.013, p = 0.003, p = 0.028; respectively).ConclusionOur study demonstrated that LncRNA CRNDE is significantly downregulated and associated with poor prognostic markers in CLL. It provides a rationale to assess its biological and prognostic impact in CLL.
PANoptosis: Mechanisms, biology, and role in disease
Authors: Sun Xu , Yang Yanpeng , Meng Xiaona , Li Jia , Liu Xiaoli , Liu Huaimin 
Published: October 2023

SummaryCell death can be executed through distinct subroutines. PANoptosis is a unique inflammatory cell death modality involving the interactions between pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, which can be mediated by multifaceted PANoptosome complexes assembled via integrating components from other cell death modalities. There is growing interest in the process and function of PANoptosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that PANoptosis occurs under diverse stimuli, for example, viral or bacterial infection, cytokine storm, and cancer. Given the impact of PANoptosis across the disease spectrum, this review briefly describes the relationships between pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, highlights the key molecules in PANoptosome formation and PANoptosis activation, and outlines the multifaceted roles of PANoptosis in diseases together with a potential for therapeutic targeting. We also discuss important concepts and pressing issues for future PANoptosis research. Improved understanding of PANoptosis and its mechanisms is crucial for identifying novel therapeutic targets and strategies.
Virtual reality‐based simulation intervention for enhancing the empathy of informal caregivers of people with dementia: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Huang Yaqi , Ho Ken Hok Man , Christensen Martin , Wong Duo Wai‐Chi , Wang Shanshan , Su Jing Jing , Zhao Ivy Yan , Kor Patrick Pui Kin , Liu Justina Yat Wa , Cheung James Chung‐Wai , Leung Angela Yee Man , Cheung Daphne Sze Ki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDementia is a long‐term and progressive syndrome that not only influences the person with dementia (PWD) but also the caregiver. However, informal caregivers are not always empathic and understand the symptoms of dementia, leading to destructive caregiving relationships and poor quality of caregiving. VR‐based simulation interventions can provide a more realistic and memorable learning experience for caregivers to walk in PWDs' shoes. This review aimed to provide practitioners and researchers with insights on developing and/or adopting an effective VR‐based simulation intervention for enhancing the empathy of informal caregivers of PWD. A mixed‐methods systematic review was conducted. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed‐methods studies were searched from MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library updating. Standard JBI critical appraisal instruments were used for the quality appraisal. A convergent segregated approach was used to synthesize and integrate the data. A total of seven studies were included. Inconsistent quantitative results were reported on the effects of VR‐based simulation on empathy enhancement. Significant effects were reported on knowledge of dementia and emotion‐focused coping strategies. Two themes were generated from the qualitative studies, including “Informal caregivers gained better insight into problems encountered by older people with dementia” and “Thinking from the perspective of older people with dementia, leading to changes in attitudes and behaviours towards dementia”. The qualitative synthesized evidence showed that informal caregivers gained better insight into problems encountered by PWD, but the quantitative synthesized results are inconsistent. Yet, informal caregivers experienced a change in attitude by thinking from the perspective of PWD.
Exploring bimodal multi‐level networks: Network structure and dynamics driving herding effects and growth in livestreaming
Authors: Lin Qingyuan , Liao Xiuwu , Li Jin , Liu Yang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe majority of social network research in the IS field relies on assumptions that social networks are single‐level unified entities, disregarding the potential bimodal network structure with the coexistence of centralized and decentralized networks and overlooking the essential role of adjacent nodes as decision‐makers. By challenging these assumptions, we propose that both centralized and decentralized networks can coexist within multi‐level bimodal platforms via various role‐based subgroups with different types of decision‐makers. Livestreaming platforms, exemplifying the coexistence of multi‐level networks within a single digital ecosystem, have become increasingly popular in various industries. Drawing on social impact theory (SIT), we examine the role of information from host‐audience centralized and host–host decentralized networks in shaping subscription increment and herding effects. Using a panel dataset in livestreaming, we find that bidirectional ties in host–host networks strengthen fan acquisition and herding effect in the host‐audience decentralized network, with hosts of lower social status gaining more fans than those with higher status in bidirectional ties. Our study contributes to the understanding of social network structure, herding effect, SIT and livestreaming by problematizing assumptions and offering a contextual explanation of livestreaming. Moreover, our work provides practitioners with valuable insights into leveraging network effects for hosts' success in livestreaming.
Double regulatory effect of As‐designed Na3Sb1‐xAsxS4 sodium superionic conductors
Authors: Yin Jingxuan , Yu Liangliang , Gong Zhemin , Shu Lingjun , Gao Chengwei , Liu Yongxing , Shen Xiang , Lin Changgui , Jiao Qing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs) are emerging as a strong contender to the widely used lithium‐ion batteries due to their abundant resources and high safety performance. Solid‐state electrolytes, as the key component of SSBs, have gained widespread attention for their high safety and chemical stability. This study presented a novel solid glass‐ceramic electrolyte, Na3Sb0.75As0.25S4, which was synthesized by high ball milling and heat treatment. The findings demonstrate that elemental As can have a dual effect of improving ionic conductivity and successfully lowering H2S gas emission. Na3Sb0.75As0.25S4 exhibits superior performance in the cubic phase due to the partial replacement of Sb by As, with ionic conductivity up to 2.42 mS/cm and a low activation energy of 0.119 eV at room temperature. Furthermore, it releases only 0.017 cm3/g H2S in a conventional humidity environment for 30 min, much lower than the amount of 0.05 cm3/g H2S released by undoped Na3SbS4, making it an excellent candidate for all‐solid‐state NIB electrolyte.
Political Legitimacy and the Indigenous Voice to Parliament
Authors: Cox Ryan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThis article sets out an argument from legitimacy for the proposed Indigenous Voice to Parliament in Australia. The article first sets out an understanding of political legitimacy and of legitimacy deficits and argues that the Australian Government faces a legitimacy deficit with respect to its exercise of political power and authority over Indigenous Australians. The deficit arises, it is argued, because Indigenous Australians face significant structural injustice and there is little hope of redressing this injustice within the prevailing governing conventions. The article then argues that the proposed Indigenous Voice to Parliament ought to be seen as part of a package to address this legitimacy deficit by resetting the governing conventions of Australian society. The argument from legitimacy is then compared favorably with more familiar arguments from sovereignty and the right to self‐determination.
Ascertaining the genetic background of the Celtic‐Iberian pig strain: A signatures of selection approach
Authors: Arias Katherine D. , Lee Hanboreum , Bozzi Riccardo , Álvarez Isabel , Gutiérrez Juan Pablo , Fernandez Iván , Menéndez Juan , Beja‐Pereira Albano , Goyache Félix 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCeltic‐Iberian pig breeds were majority in Spain and Portugal until the first half of the 20th century. In the 1990s, they were nearly extinct as a result of the introduction of foreign improved pig breeds. Despite its historical importance, the genetic background of the Celtic‐Iberian pig strain is poorly documented. In this study, we have identified genomic regions that might contain signatures of selection peculiar of the Celtic‐Iberian genetic lineage. A total of 153 DNA samples of Celtic‐Iberian pigs (Spanish Gochu Asturcelta and Portuguese Bísara breeds), Iberian pigs (Spanish Iberian and Portuguese Alentejano breeds), Cinta Senese pig, Korean local pig and Cosmopolitan pig (Hampshire, Landrace and Large White individuals) were analysed. A pairwise‐comparison approach was applied: the Gochu Asturcelta and the Bísara samples as test populations and the five other pig populations as reference populations. Three different statistics (XP‐EHH, FST and ΔDAF) were computed on each comparison. Strict criteria were used to identify selection sweeps in order to reduce the noise brought on by the Gochu Asturcelta and Bísara breeds' severe population bottlenecks. Within test population, SNPs used to construct potential candidate genomic areas under selection were only considered if they were identified in four of ten two‐by‐two pairwise comparisons and in at least two of three statistics. Genomic regions under selection constructed within test population were subsequently overlapped to construct candidate regions under selection putatively unique to the Celtic‐Iberian pig strain. These genomic regions were finally used for enrichment analyses. A total of 39 candidate regions, mainly located on SSC5 and SSC9 and covering 3130.5 kb, were identified and could be considered representative of the ancient genomic background of the Celtic‐Iberian strain. Enrichment analysis allowed to identify a total of seven candidate genes (NOL12, LGALS1, PDXP, SH3BP1, GGA1, WIF1, and LYPD6). Other studies reported that the WIF1 gene is associated with ear size, one of the characteristic traits of the Celtic‐Iberian pig strain. The function of the other candidate genes could be related to reproduction, adaptation and immunity traits, indirectly fitting with the rusticity of a non‐improved pig strain traditionally exploited under semi‐extensive conditions.
Measuring cognitive load in augmented reality with physiological methods: A systematic review
Authors: Suzuki Yuko , Wild Fridolin , Scanlon Eileen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCognitive load during AR use has been measured conventionally by performance tests and subjective rating. With the growing interest in physiological measurement using non‐invasive biometric sensors, unbiased real‐time detection of cognitive load in AR is expected. However, a range of sensors and parameters are used in various subject fields, and reported results are fragmented.ObjectivesThe aim of this review is to analyse systematically how physiological methods have been used to measure cognitive load and what the implications are for the future research on AR‐based tools.MethodsThis paper took the systematic review approach. Through screening with 10 exclusion criteria, 23 studies, that contain 3 key elements: AR‐based intervention, cognitive state examination and physiological methods, were identified, analysed and synthesised.ResultsPhysiological methods in their current form require reference to provide meaningful interpretations and suggestions. Therefore, they are often combined with conventional methods. Many studies investigate the effect of wearable devices in comparison with non‐AR stimuli, which has been controversial, but detection of different causes of cognitive load are on the horizon. Eye‐tracking is the method most used and most consistent in the use of its parameters.ConclusionsA multi‐method approach combining two or more evaluation instruments is essential for the validation of users' cognitive state. In addition to the AR stimuli in question, having another independent variable such as task difficulty in experiment design is useful. Statistical approaches with more data input could help establish a reliable scale. The future research should attempt to dissociate cognitive load caused by different effects such as device, instruction, and other AR techniques as well as intrinsic and extraneous aspects, in a better experimental setup with multiple parameters.
START NOW: a cognitive behavioral skills training for adolescent girls with conduct or oppositional defiant disorder – a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Stadler Christina , Freitag Christine M. , Popma Arne , Nauta‐Jansen Lucres , Konrad Kerstin , Unternaehrer Eva , Ackermann Katharina , Bernhard Anka , Martinelli Anne , Oldenhof Helena , Gundlach Malou , Kohls Gregor , Prätzlich Martin , Kieser Meinhard , Limprecht Ronald , Raschle Nora M. , Vriends Noortje , Trestman Robert L. , Kirchner Marietta , Kersten Linda 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundConduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) both convey a high risk for maladjustment later in life and are understudied in girls. Here, we aimed at confirming the efficacy of START NOW, a cognitive‐behavioral, dialectical behavior therapy‐oriented skills training program aiming to enhance emotion regulation skills, interpersonal and psychosocial adjustment, adapted for female adolescents with CD or ODD.MethodsA total of 127 girls were included in this prospective, cluster randomized, multi‐center, parallel group, quasi‐randomized, controlled phase III trial, which tested the efficacy of START NOW (n = 72) compared with standard care (treatment as usual, TAU, n = 55). All female adolescents had a clinical diagnosis of CD or ODD, were 15.6 (±1.5) years on average (range: 12–20 years), and were institutionalized in youth welfare institutions. The two primary endpoints were the change in number of CD/ODD symptoms between (1) baseline (T1) and post‐treatment (T3), and (2) between T1 and 12‐week follow‐up (T4).ResultsBoth treatment groups showed reduced CD/ODD symptoms at T3 compared with T1 (95% CI: START NOW = −4.87, −2.49; TAU = −4.94, −2.30). There was no significant mean difference in CD/ODD symptom reduction from T1 to T3 between START NOW and TAU (−0.056; 95% CI = −1.860, 1.749; Hedge's g = −0.011). However, the START NOW group showed greater mean symptom reduction from T1 to T4 (−2.326; 95% CI = −4.274, −0.378; Hedge's g = −0.563). Additionally, secondary endpoint results revealed a reduction in staff reported aggression and parent‐reported irritability at post assessment.ConclusionsAlthough START NOW did not result in greater symptom reduction from baseline to post‐treatment compared with TAU, the START NOW group showed greater symptom reduction from baseline to follow‐up with a medium effect size, which indicates a clinically meaningful delayed treatment effect.
Automating risk stratification for geriatric syndromes in the emergency department
Authors: Haimovich Adrian D. , Shah Manish N. , Southerland Lauren T. , Hwang Ula , Patterson Brian W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundGeriatric emergency department (GED) guidelines endorse screening older patients for geriatric syndromes in the ED, but there have been significant barriers to widespread implementation. The majority of screening programs require engagement of a clinician, nurse, or social worker, adding to already significant workloads at a time of record‐breaking ED patient volumes, staff shortages, and hospital boarding crises. Automated, electronic health record (EHR)‐embedded risk stratification approaches may be an alternate solution for extending the reach of the GED mission by directing human actions to a smaller subset of higher risk patients.MethodsWe define the concept of automated risk stratification and screening using existing EHR data. We discuss progress made in three potential use cases in the ED: falls, cognitive impairment, and end‐of‐life and palliative care, emphasizing the importance of linking automated screening with systems of healthcare delivery.ResultsResearch progress and operational deployment vary by use case, ranging from deployed solutions in falls screening to algorithmic validation in cognitive impairment and end‐of‐life care.ConclusionsAutomated risk stratification offers a potential solution to one of the most pressing problems in geriatric emergency care: identifying high‐risk populations of older adults most appropriate for specific GED care. Future work is needed to realize the promise of improved care with less provider burden by creating tools suitable for widespread deployment as well as best practices for their implementation and governance.