bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Gum Arabic and Technomus as a Prebiotics on the Growth Parameters of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio L.
Authors: Metaab Massar Hussain , Salman Ali Hussain , Al-Gharawi Jassim Kassim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted at the first agricultural research and experiment station, Agriculture college, Al-Muthanna university, for 85 days, including the localization period (for the period from 25/9/2022 to 20/12/2022), to determine the effect of adding gum Arabic and technomus as a prebiotic to the diet of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) on growth parameters. 162 common carp were used, with an average weight of 75±5 gm per fish, in 27 small tanks (baskets) of 0.107 cubic meters, they were randomly distributed to nine treatments with three replicates (6 fish for each replicate), were as followed: T1: (control treatment; without adding). T2: add 0% technomus with 0.5% gum Arabic to the diet. T3: add 0% technomus with 1.0% gum Arabic to the diet. T4: add 0.5% technomus with 0% gum Arabic to the diet. T5: add 0.5% technomus with 0.5% gum Arabic to the diet. T6: add 0.5% technomus with 1.0% gum Arabic to the diet. T7: add 1.0% technomus with 0% gum Arabic to the diet. T8: add 1.0% technomus with 0.5% gum Arabic to the diet. T9: add 1.0% technomus with 1.0% gum Arabic to the diet. The results showed a significant (P≤0.05) superiority of T8 compare with T1 and T2 treatments on weight gain, final weight, daily weight gain, relative growth rate, and specific growth rate. T7 was significantly superior to control treatment at the same traits.
Effect of Polyculture on Survival Rates and Body Composition of Fish Cultured in Rice Fields
Authors: Ghazi Moataz Faisal , Al-Khashali Muhammad Shaker 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted for the period from 6/7/2022 to 7/12/2022, with the aim of knowing the effect of farming different species of fish in rice fields on survival rates and body composition: moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash and fiber. The land was divided into four fields planted with rice, Oryza sativa, the area of each field was 100 m2 with dimensions of 10 m × 10 m. After the height of the rice reached 20 cm, the immersion phase began, after which two species of fish were released: the common carp Cyprinus carpio and the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus inside Rice fields, four experimental treatments were used that were cultured with rice and fish at a density of 100 fish/field, with an average initial weight of 100 ± 5 g/fish. The first treatment included the culture of common carp alone, in the second treatment, the grass carp was cultured alone, while in the third treatment the common and grass carp were cultured together by 50 fish each, and in the fourth treatment, the common and grass carp were cultured by 75 and 25 fish, respectively. The results of the statistical analysis of the body composition of common carp and grass carp showed significant differences among the treatments, the T1 recorded the highest percentage of moisture amounting to 74.74%, while the highest percentage of moisture was recorded in T3 which amounted to 73.05%, T3 recorded the highest percentage of protein and amounted to 23.95%, followed by T2 which reached 22.09%, T4 recorded the highest percentage of fat for common carp and grass carp, reaching 5.96% and 5.09%, respectively. With regard to ash, T3 recorded the highest percentage, amounting to 1.36% for common carp fish, while T2 recorded the highest percentage of ash, amounting to 1.52% for grass carp fish. As for carbohydrates, T3 recorded the highest percentage and amounted to 0.22% for common carp, while T2 recorded the highest percentage it was 0.32% for grass carp. With regard to fibers, T4 recorded the highest percentage of 0.34% for common carp, while T2 recorded the highest percentage of 0.15% for grass carp.
Effect of Adding Calcium Propionate on Productive Performance of Iraqi Buffaloes
Authors: Karim A. M. , Al-Waith H. K. , Al-Jubori Saddam Mohmmed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted at the ruminant research station in Abu Ghraib / livestock research department / agricultural research department / ministry of agriculture. The experiment period from 5/10/2022 to 1/4/2023, and for the production season 2022-2023. In order to study the effect of calcium propionate for different periods to study the difference of these periods in some of the productive characteristics of the Iraqi buffaloes, 15 females of Iraqi milking buffaloes were used, divided into three treatments for each treatment 5 buffaloes aged from 6-7 years, as the first treatment was T1 treatment Control without adding of calcium propionate, the second treatment T2 added 100 g calcium propionate/buffalo, and the third treatment T3 added 150 g calcium propionate/buffalo and for the periods 7 hours before calving, 24 hours after calving and 7 days after calving, calcium propionate was added to the concentrated diet. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant difference (P≤0.05) for milk production within the seventh reading in treatments T2 and T3 g compared with control T1, and a significant difference (P≤0.05) was observed in T2 for milk production within the eighth reading compared with T3 and control T1, and there were significant differences (P≤0.05) for T2 in 1st, 2nd and 3rd months for the percentage of fat compared with treatment T3 and control T1, and the results indicated a significant differences (P≤ 0.05) for treatment T3 in 1st and 3rd months for the percentage of fat compared with T2 and control T1. We conclude that the addition of calcium propionate at a ratio of 100 and 150 gm to buffalo diets during different periods improved the milk production and fat percentage of local female buffaloes.
Effect of Ration Treated with Powdered Okra Seeds or Fruits on Productivity Indicators of Broilers Under Heat Stress
Authors: Al-Hatchami Ameer F. , Alshukri Aqeel Yousif A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An experiment was conducted in the poultry farm of the Department of Animal Resources-College of Agriculture - University of Kufa for the period from 10/10/2022 to 11/13/2022. The purpose of the study was to test the effect of adding okra fruits powder or seeds to the diet on some productive traits of broiler under Daily temperature stress conditions. 360 unsexed broiler chicks, Rose 308 hybrid, one day old, with an average weight of 37 g/chick were used. The chicks were fed on three diets that are from the age of 1 day-10 days, the second diet from the age of 11 days-24 days, and the third diet from the age of 25 days-35 days. The energy level of the three diets, respectively, was 3015, 3081, 3210 kcol / kg, and the protein level was 23.11, 21.51. 19.58 The one-day old chicks were randomly divided into 6 treatments with 4 replications 15 chicks each. The treatments were T1 the control (standard diet), T2 ration with okra seed powder 5 g/Kg feed, T3 was okra seed powder by 10 g/Kg feed, T4 was with okra fruit powder by 5 g/Kg feed, T5 was okra fruit powder at 10 g/Kg of feed, and T6 ration with 5 g seed powder + 5 g of fruit powder. Findings showed that the okra seeds and fruit powder effectively increased chicks’ body weight, especially when using 10 g/Kg of the seeds powder with the diet, or when using 10 gm of the equal proportion of the fruit powder with the seed powder in the diet. Okra fruit powder was better in weight gain than okra seed powder. On the other hand, the use of a diet fortified with powdered okra fruits and seeds was effective in improving the rate of feed consumption in chicks during the experimental period.
Effect of Diet Fortified with Okra Powder on Blood Quality in Broiler Chickens Under Heat Stress Conditions
Authors: Al-Hatchami Ameer F. , Alshukri Aqeel Yousif A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An experiment was conducted in the poultry farm of the Department of Animal Resources-College of Agriculture - University of Kufa for the period from 10/10/2022 to 11/13/2022. The purpose of the study was to test the effect of adding okra fruits powder or seeds to the diet on some productive traits of broiler under Daily temperature stress conditions. 360 unsexed broiler chicks, Rose 308 hybrid, one day old, with an average weight of 37 g/chick were used. The chicks were fed on three diets that are from the age of 1 day-10 days, the second diet from the age of 11 days-24 days, and the third diet from the age of 25 days-35 days. The energy level of the three diets, respectively, was 3015, 3081, 3210 kcol / kg, and the protein level was 23.11, 21.51. 19.58 The one-day old chicks were randomly divided into 6 treatments with 4 replications 15 chicks each. The treatments were T1 the control (standard diet), T2 ration with okra seed powder 5 g/Kg feed, T3 was okra seed powder by 10 g/Kg feed, T4 was with okra fruit powder by 5 g/Kg feed, T5 was okra fruit powder at 10 g/Kg of feed, and T6 ration with 5 g seed powder + 5 g of fruit powder. The results showed that adding powdered okra fruits or seeds to the chicken diet affected blood quality. Compared with the control treatment, a significant increase in the concentration of the SOD enzyme was recorded in T6, T5, and T3 treatments, a significant decrease in the concentration of MAD enzyme in all treatments, and a significant decrease in the H/L cells ratio in the chicks of the two treatments T5 and T3 compared to the control T1, as the other treatments did not differ. Most of the treatments containing okra powder recorded a significant decrease in blood glucose especially for treatment T5, with a significant difference from all treatments that differed from T1. The blood content of total protein increased in the T6, T5, T4, and T3 treatments compared to the control T1 and T2. There was a significant decrease in the concentration of uric acid for all the treatments and a higher significant decrease in blood cholesterol for T6 chicks compared to the control.
Study of some Growth Parameters of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella V. Cultured in Floating Cages
Authors: Nasser Zahraa Hussein , Fahad Kamil K. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study included different densities to obtain a better culture density, three densities were used (16-20-25 fish/m3), 500 fish in the first treatment, 650 fish in the second treatment, 800 fish in the third treatment, and average weights ranged between 100-200 gm. Saudi origin diet was used. The experiment was conducted in Thi Qar Governorate, city of Nasiriyah on one of the private farms on the Euphrates River, in which grass carp was farmed. Fish samples were collected monthly from 8/11/2022 to 8/4/2023. Air and water temperatures were also measured during sampling. The air temperature varied between 11-29 C, the water temperature ranged between 9-25 C. The results showed the highest weight gain (17.333, 12.000 and 29.331) during April for all treatments. The results showed that there were significant differences (P≤0.05). In January, there was no significant difference for all treatments, as for the rest of the months, a significant difference (P≤0.05) between the three treatments and the studied densities. The highest qualitative growth rate was recorded in T1 (10.170 gm/fish), T2 (8.193 gm/fish), and T3 (9.186 gm/fish), there were no significant differences in December and March for the three treatments, at the rest of the months, there were significant differences between the three studied treatments at the level (P≤0.05, P≤0.01). The relative growth rate recorded the highest concentrations (22.940, 10.460 and 16.820 gm/fish), T1 during the months of January, February, March and April outperformed the rest of the transactions, At December, T2 outperformed compare others. The results showed that there were significant differences in the three treatments (P≤0.05) during April, as for the rest of the months and for all treatments. The highest feed conversion rate was recorded in T3 at February (25,000 feed/gm), T1 at January (17,000 feed/gm) and T2 at February (8,093 feed/gm). There was no significant difference for the three treatments in December, February and March, but in January and April significant differences were recorded at the level (P≤0.05, P≤0.01). The highest feed conversion efficiency rate (97.733, 39.996 and 57.773%) was recorded in March for the three treatments. There were no significant differences in December and for all treatments, as for the rest of the months and for all treatments, there were significant differences (P≤0.05). The results of the current study showed the superiority of the first treatment in most of the growth criteria over the rest of the treatments. The chemical analysis of fish muscles showed that, at the beginning of the experiment and at the end of the experiment, there were slight changes in the elements of the chemical analysis at the end of the experiment compared to the beginning of the experiment.
Effect of Selenomethionine or Yeast Enriched with Selenium on Reproductive Performance, Progesterone and Estrogen Hormones in Iraqi Ewes
Authors: Alwardy Ibrahem Abdul Jabbar , Mohammed T. R. , Abdullah Ali N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted at the animal farm affiliated with the college of agriculture, university of anbar, ramadi, iraq, to investigate the effects of selenomethionine or selenium-enriched yeast on the reproductive performance and hormone levels (progesterone and estrogen) in Iraqi ewes. the study was carried out from July 26, 2022, to january 27, 2023. eighteen ewes with an average age of 2-3 years and an average body weight of 43 ± 2.5 kg were used. the ewes were randomly divided into three equal groups, with six ewes in each group. all ewes were fed the same ration. group 1 served as the control group and received no treatment, while group 2 was treated with selenomethionine at a dose of 0.03 g/kg/bw. group 3 was treated with selenium-enriched yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae-selenium) at the same dose, following the guidelines of the national research council (nrc, 1980). the treatments were administered orally for 45 days by dissolving the samples in 30 ml of distilled water. blood samples were collected from the jugular vein to assess changes in hormone concentrations. the results showed a significant increase in progesterone levels during the second period for groups 1 and 2 compared to group 3 (p ≤ 0.01). group 1 exhibited a significant increase in the time of the first appearance of estrus and the average time for estrus compared to group 2. group 2 showed a significant increase in estrus rate compared to group 1 and group 3. both group 2 and group 3 exhibited a significant increase in fertility rate, fertilization rate, pregnancy rate, and lambing rate. group 2 and group 3 also showed a significant increase in fecundity, twinning rate, and litter size compared to group 1. In conclusion, the supplementation of Selenomethionine and Selenium-enriched yeast positively affected reproductive performance in Iraqi ewes, as evidenced by improved hormone levels, estrus characteristics, fertility rates, and lambing outcomes.
The Ability of Some Clay Minerals and Activated Charcoal to Reduce the Negative Effects of Aflatoxin B1, a Contaminant of Broiler Diet
Authors: Obaid Roa S. , Al-Warshan Salim H. S. , Abed Idham A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research was conducted to determine the effect of four types of clay minerals (Iraqi bentonite, English bentonite, Turkish bentonite, and Iraqi kaolin) and activated charcoal on reducing the negative effects of aflatoxin B1, which contaminates poultry feed at a concentration of 350 ppb. The results showed that the average bird weight reached 1134.5 grams in the aflatoxin treatment alone, with a significant difference compared to the control treatment (1690 grams). Adding English bentonite to the contaminated feed was efficient in reducing the impact of aflatoxin, as the bird weight did not differ significantly from the control treatment and reached 1686.9 grams, followed by Turkish bentonite, with an average bird weight of 1618.8 grams, and then Iraqi bentonite with an average weight of 1533.2 grams. The results also indicated that the relative weights of the liver, spleen, and pancreas increased in birds treated with aflatoxin alone. However, the addition of different clay minerals and activated charcoal led to a decrease in the relative weights of the internal organs. The relative weight of the heart and Proventriculus was not affected by the addition of aflatoxin to the feed. Blood analysis results showed a significant decrease in protein and albumin concentrations in the blood of birds treated with aflatoxin alone compared to the control treatment. Additionally, the different additions of clay minerals and activated charcoal had a positive effect on protein concentrations in the blood. Aflatoxin also caused a decrease in blood hemoglobin and red blood cell counts, an increase in white blood cell counts, and an increase in the Neutrophil/Lymphocyte index in birds treated with aflatoxin. However, blood viscosity did not change between the aflatoxin treatment and the other treatments.
Genetic Variation of rs429976637, rs416717560, rs403555643 and rs427046713 in BMPRP1B Gene and its Frequency of Awassi Sheep
Authors: Essa A. H. , Mohammed T. R. , Al-Anbari N. N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bone protein receptor gene (BMPR1B) is a significant fertility gene found in sheep globally and associated to reproductive and fertility features. This study verified the relationship between the BMPR1B gene’s 893 G A SNP1, SNP2, SNP3, and SNP4 C T 893. 35 Awassi ewe blood samples were acquired from the Agricultural Research Department in Anbar Governorate – Al Dawar, followed by DNA extraction to validate the BMPR1B gene and PCR amplification. The Sanger Sequences technique of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was employed to determine each ewe’s special alleles using the gene primer. Four BMPR1B gene sites had substantially varied genotype and allele frequencies (P < 0.01). The association study indicated that the rs429976637 (G>A) locus had three polymorphisms, GG, GA, and AA, with percentages of 92.16, 7.68, and 0.16%, respectively, and allelic frequencies of G - 0.96 and A-0.04. Polymorphisms differed (P=0.01). rs416717560 (G>A) had three polymorphisms: GG, GA, and AA. The allelic frequency of the G alleles was 0.91, and polymorphism was 82.82, 16.38, and 0.80%. Polymorphism differed by 0.09 (P=0.01). The rs403555643 locus (A>G) has three polymorphisms, AA, AG, and GG, with percentages of 92.14, 7.68, and 0.16%, respectively, and allelic frequencies of A-0.96 and G - 0.04 (P < 0.01). The locus rs427046713 (C>T) had three polymorphisms, CC, CT, and TT, with percentages of 94.09, 5.82, and 0.09%, respectively. The allelic frequency of C alleles was 0.97- and T 0.03--P < 0.01. The allelic frequency of the BMPR1B gene for four loci is considerably greater for genotypes GG, GG, AA, and CC.
Impact of Different Levels of Insulin on Cryopreservation Local Roosters Stored Semen Biomarkers
Authors: Kattoof Husam Majeed , Al-Hayani Waleed khalid A. , Hussien Firas Mezahem 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aim of this research to examine the impact of different level of Insulin certain biomarkers of local roosters semen after being cooling for varying lengths of periods, roosters semen pooled, diluted with extender, and distributed randomly among five groups: Diluted semen put through the semen cryopreservation technique; the control treatment (C1) 0 insulin; (C2) contained 4 IU/insulin; (C3) contained 5 IU/insulin; (C4) contained 6 IU/insulin; and (C5) contained 7 IU/insulin. After 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours, cooling semen were evaluated for plasma membrane integrity(MI), acrosome integrity(AI), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TCA). The result showed significant differences between the treatments in terms of MI, AI and TCA in sperm with C5, C3, C2 respectively, but there were no significant differences in terms of MDA. TCA were found to be significantly improved in the fourth storage period.
Effect Using Feed Additives Instead of Imported Premixes Affects the Physiology of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Shaman Ameen M. , Mohammed Th. T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate how using feed additives instead of imported premixes affects the productivity and physiology of broiler chickens. The study used 120 one-day-old Russian chickens that weighed 44g at the start. The chickens were divided into four groups, with three repetitions each. Each repetition had 10 experimental units distributed randomly. The first group (T1) served as the control, while the second group (T2) used a mix of 30% feed additives and 70% imported premix (Wafi). The third group (T3) used a mix of 60% feed additives and 40% imported premix (Wafi). The fourth group (T4) used 100% feed additives, with no imported premix (Wafi). The study results showed no statistically significant differences in productivity and cumulative performance of the birds at a significance level of 0.05.
The Effect of Adding Levels Hibisscus sabdariffa.L of Powder in the Ration on the Productive Performance of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Faris Esraa Qaysar , Shanoon Ammar Qathan , Aldeen Mohammed Sabah Baha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was carried out in the poultry farms affiliated to Animal Production Research - College of Agriculture - University of Kirkuk. 250 one-day-old, unsexed chickens were used for a period of 45 days, to find out the effect of the local currant powder added to the diet on the productive performance of broiler chickens of the Rose 308 type distributed randomly into 6 treatments divided into 5 replications for each replicate. 10 birds included, the first treatment being control the second contains 0.05 mg of BHT, and the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth contain 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% of Hibisscus Sabdariffa.L, respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences at the level of P≤0.05. Forage consumption increased in the sixth treatment for all weeks, and the total rate, except for the sixth week, was superior to T4, T5, and T6. The weight gain recipe outperformed the sixth treatment for all weeks, and in the food conversion treatment T1 decreased in the first week, while in the second week it decreased in T5, while in the third and fifth weeks, and the total rate decreased T6, T5, but in the sixth week it was lower in T6. There were no significant differences in the percentage of purification and in the weights of the carcass, heart and liver, and the gizzard excelled at T6.