bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fixed presurgical orthopaedics for bilateral cleft lip and palate
Authors: Abu-Rub Najeeb , Rani Samsudin Ab. , Abdullah Ahmad Burhanudin , Abdullah Nizam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Presurgical orthopaedics has been employed since the 1950s as an adjunctive neonatal therapy for the correction of cleft lip and palate. It is accepted that presurgical orthopaedic plates facilitate lip repair and balanced orofacial growth. Aims: The aims of this retrospective study of newborns with bilateral cleft lip and palate were two-fold: to describe the use of a fixed appliance to reposition the displaced fragments, and to determine if the magnitude of the palatal changes was age-related.

Methods: Study models of 12 infants with bilateral cleft lip and palate were used. The models recorded the condition prior to expansion (2-3 weeks after birth) and at the end of retention (at the time of lip surgery). The intercanine width, intertuberosity width, palatal length, palatal depth and intercanine arch length were measured.

Results: As a result of the expansion the intercanine width and intertuberosity width increased, and the palatal length and inter-canine arch length decreased. These changes were not age-related.
Tribological behaviour of orthodontic archwires under dry and wet sliding conditions in-vitro. II - Wear patterns
Authors: Berradja Abdenacer , Willems Guy , Celis Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the wear patterns of orthodontic archwires in dry and wet conditions in-vitro.

Methods
The patterns of wear of stainless steel and NiTi orthodontic archwires were investigated with a fretting wear tribometer fitted with an alumina ball. The tribometer was operated at 23°C in three different environments: ambient air with 50 per cent relative humidity (RH), 0.9 wt. per cent sodium chloride solution and deionised water. Differences in the wear characteristics of the archwires were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis and Inductively Coupled Plasma Analysis were used to investigate the surface composition of the wires, the wear debris generated during fretting and the corrosion products in the test solutions.

Results
Both archwire materials were degraded by oxidational wear in ambient air. The NiTi wires were more resistant to wear than the stainless steel wires. In the aqueous media the stainless steel wires were degraded by abrasive wear, while the NiTi wires were degraded by adhesive wear.

Conclusion
In ambient air with 50 per cent RH, NiTi wires were more resistant to wear than stainless steel wires. Both archwire materials exhibited higher wear rates in the solutions than in air, indicating some synergism between the wear and corrosion processes. In the solutions the stainless steel archwires had a much lower corrosion-wear resistance than the NiTi archwires.
Use of miniscrews as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontic practice. I - Introduction
Authors: Anka George 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim
To describe the use of miniscrews as temporary anchorage devices to facilitate mesial, distal and vertical orthodontic tooth movement.

Method
The development of miniscrews and the direct and indirect application of forces from these devices are described. Case reports will be given in a second paper.
Miniplates and screws in treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion with missing posterior teeth. A case report
Authors: Rattanayatikul Charunee , Godfrey Keith , Chawengchettanon Jaruwarintr , Vattraraphoudet Thepparit 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim
To describe the use of miniplates for temporary skeletal anchorage to distalise the entire lower dentition.

Methods
A 40 year-old woman presented with a skeletal Class III malocclusion and multiple missing maxillary and mandibular teeth. The treatment plan was to distalise the mandibular dentition. Two miniplates and screws in the mandibular retromolar region were used as temporary skeletal anchorage for Class I elastics. The entire lower dentition was distalised into a Class I incisor relationship with the miniplate and screw anchorage.
Effect of Topacal C-5 on enamel adjacent to orthodontic brackets. An in vitro study
Authors: Nasab Navid Karimi , Kajan Zahra Dalili , Balalaie Azadeh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Enamel demineralisation leading to ‘white spots’ can occur during orthodontic treatment. Casein phosphopeptides may reduce demineralisation during orthodontic treatment.

Aims
To determine if a casein phosphopeptide preparation, Topacal C-5 (Enamel Improving Cream, NSI Dental Pty Ltd, Leighton, Hornsby, Australia), will inhibit demineralisation of enamel adjacent to orthodontic brackets.

Methods
Twenty-four pairs of human premolars from 24 subjects were used. One premolar in each pair was randomly assigned to the control group and the contralateral premolar was assigned to the experimental group. A stainless steel orthodontic bracket was bonded to the buccal surface of each tooth and a window of enamel (4 mm x 1 mm) left open to acid attack. The teeth were cycled alternately through an artificial saliva medium (11 hours) and an acid medium (1 hour) for 31 days. Topacal C-5 was applied to the exposed enamel windows in the experimental group after immersion in the acid medium. After 31 days the teeth were sectioned longitudinally and the depths of the enamel lesions measured by polarised light microscopy.

Results
Significantly deeper demineralisation occurred in the control teeth not protected by Topacal C-5 and at sites close to the brackets in both groups.

Conclusions
In this in vitro system, Topacal C-5 partially reduced the depth of enamel demineralisation compared with teeth not covered with Topacal C-5. Topacal C-5 may reduce enamel demineralisation in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.
Space closure using the Hycon device. A case report
Authors: Kachiwala Viral A. , Kalha Anmol S. , Vigneshwaran J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Space closure can be a difficult and uncomfortable procedure. Appliances able to be activated by the patient may reduce the number of visits for adjustment.

Objective
To describe the closure of spaces with the Hycon device, an intra-oral screw that can be activated by the patient.

Method
Sliding mechanics were used to retract the upper and lower anterior teeth following extraction of the first premolars in a patient with bimaxillary protrusion. The active force for retraction was derived from the Hycon device activated twice a week by the patient.

Results
The rate of space closure achieved was of the order of 1.9 mm/month. The extraction spaces were closed by distal movement of the anterior teeth and mesial movement of the posterior teeth.

Conclusion
The Hycon device proved to be an effective means of retracting the anterior teeth and protracting the posterior teeth. Because the device can be activated by the patient fewer visits for adjustment may be required.
Vertical changes in treated and untreated Class II division 1 malocclusions
Authors: Sharp Craig , Harkness Michael , Herbison Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Treatment-induced increases in the height of the face may be permanent.

Aims
To determine if appliance-induced increases in the heights of the upper and lower molars in girls with Class II division 1 malocclusion, and the consequential increase in the height of the face are maintained.

Methods
Ten angles and 10 distances were measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs of 11 year-old girls (Range: 8.5–14.8 years) with treated (N = 9) and untreated (N = 8) Class II division 1 malocclusions. The intervals between the initial and recall records were, on average, 12 years (Range: 7.6–15.7 years) for the girls in the treatment group, and 8 years (Range: 4–13 years) for the girls in the untreated/control group. In the treatment group eight girls were treated with the Begg appliance and Class II elastics.

Results
Upper and lower molar dentoalveolar heights in both groups increased significantly between the initial and recall visits. There were no significant differences between the molar heights in the groups at the start or at recall. Anterior face height (AFH) also increased significantly in both groups between the initial and recall visits. At recall, AFH in the treatment group was significantly greater than AFH in the control group. This finding is attributed to a similar-sized difference between the groups at the start, to the longer period between the initial and recall records in the treatment group and to lesser variation in both groups at recall. In both groups, posterior face height increased significantly between the initial and recall stages. At the conclusion of the study there were no statistically significant differences between the treated and control groups in either overjet or the inclination of the upper incisors. Relapse of the upper incisors in the treatment group and retroclination of the upper incisors in the control group reduced the initial differences between the groups. These changes are attributed to altered lip posture and increased lip pressures in adolescence. At recall, angles SNA and SNB were significantly smaller in the treatment group.

Conclusion
The heights of the upper and lower molars and the face increased in both groups. Orthodontic treatment may have no lasting effects on either the height of the face or the heights of the molars in girls with Class II division 1 malocclusion.
Assessment of agreement in measuring orthodontic treatment need with the modified DHC
Authors: Bagheban Alireza Akbarzadeh , Nouri Mahtab , Safavi Mohammadreza 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
To determine senior dental students’ validity, reliability and category distinguishability when using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN).

Methods
Randomly selected pretreatment dental casts of 42 patients were used. The casts were assessed by six senior dental students after a 4-day training period and three orthodontists using the modified Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Validity and reliability in assessing the DHC were measured using kappa and the category distinguishability with two modified association models: square scores association model and the agreement plus square scores association model.

Results
The students’ mean validity was 0.67 and their mean reliability was 0.65. For two students the better model was the square scores association model (Categories 1 and 2: Mean 0.48; Categories 2 and 3: Mean 0.84). For four students the agreement plus square scores association model was the better model (Categories 1 and 2: Range: 0.90–0.99; Categories 2 and 3: 0.93–0.99)

Conclusion
In order to more precisely assess the reliability and validity of ordinal scales and the pattern of agreement between examiners association models should be used in addition to kappa.
Self-ligating appliances: evolution or revolution?
Authors: Fleming Padhraig S. , DiBiase Andrew T. , Lee Robert T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
To review the literature relating to self-ligating orthodontic appliances.

Methods
Narrative review of the relevant historic and contemporary research.

Results
Proposed advantages of these appliance systems include reduced friction, more efficient mechanotherapy, improved operator efficiency, and more secure ligation. Randomised clinical trials investigating these potential advantages have largely been equivocal.

Conclusions
Self-ligating brackets are here to stay and continue to be refined and enhanced. Further prospective studies investigating their clinical application and performance would be welcome.
The identification of possible reference planes on a CBCT scan taken with a small FOV—an observational analytical study
Authors: Felicita A. Sumathi , Maheswari T.N. Uma 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Unlike a CBCT scan which has a large field of view (FOV), a scan with a small FOV may not involve the base of the skull. Therefore, routinely used reference planes may not be available to evaluate treatment outcome. The present study was undertaken to determine if the palatal plane and a molar occlusal plane may be used as reference planes to measure the change in the axial inclination of the maxillary central incisor and the maxillary first permanent molar towards the end of orthodontic treatment on a CBCT scan captured with a small FOV.

Materials and methods
A lateral cephalogram and a CBCT scan with a small FOV were taken for fifteen young adults prior to, and six months after, mini-implant supported, distal movement of the maxillary arch. CBCT multi-planar slices were sequentially viewed to obtain an image that contained the entire length of the maxillary central incisor and the maxillary first permanent molar in the tangential view. The axial inclination of the maxillary central incisor and the maxillary first permanent molar was measured from the palatal plane and the molar occlusal plane on both sides. The same parameters were evaluated on the lateral cephalogram using the palatal plane as a reference. An independent t test (p = 0.05) was conducted to compare the results. A Bland–Altman plot with linear regression was constructed to measure accuracy, method agreement and reliability.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference when a change in the axial inclination of the maxillary central incisor and the maxillary first permanent molar was measured using the two reference planes. The change in axial inclination of the maxillary central incisor and maxillary first permanent molar had a 95% confidence interval of -1.82 to 4.19 and -4.48 to 3.05 and a p-value of 0.425 and 0.701 on the right side, respectively, and a 95% confidence interval of -1.76 to 4.79 and -4.41 to 2.79 and p-value of 0.350 and 0.650 on the left side.

Conclusions
The molar occlusal plane and the palatal plane may be used as reference planes for measuring change in the axial inclination of the maxillary central incisor and the first permanent molar in a CBCT scan taken with a small FOV.
Computer-Aided System for Layout of Fire Hydrants on Boards Designed Vessel Using the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Gomułka Piotr 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe functional layout of fire safety equipment in technical spaces of ships is a time-consuming process. When designing a ship fire protection system, the designer must manually position each system component in such a way as to meet the requirements of regulations arising from the technical specification, various legal regulations of maritime conventions and classification societies of the vessel to be designed. Layout of fire hydrants assisted by a computer that is based on pre-defined criteria and various constraints could significantly support the designer in working easier and faster. This paper presents a prototype computer-aided design system that enables optimal placement of fire hydrants using the metaheuristic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. This algorithm was used in Rhinoceros 3D software with its Grasshopper plugin for visualizing the arrangement of fire safety equipment. Various solution arrangements compared with the fire hydrant placement in real ships are illustrated by a case study. Demonstrating how design work can be facilitated and what potential benefits can be achieved are presented as well.
Digital Twin Test-Bench Performance for Marine Diesel Engine Applications
Authors: Minchev Dmytro , Varbanets Roman , Shumylo Oleksandr , Zalozh Vitalii , Aleksandrovska Nadiia , Bratchenko Pavlo , Truong Thanh Hai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The application of Digital Twins is a promising solution for enhancing the efficiency of marine power plant operation, particularly their important components – marine internal combustion engines (ICE). This work presents the concept of applying a Performance Digital Twin for monitoring the technical condition and diagnosing malfunctions of marine ICE, along with its implementation on an experimental test-bench, based on a marine diesel-generator. The main principles of implementing this concept involve data transmission technologies, from the sensors installed on the engine to a server. The Digital Twin, also operating on the server, is used to automatically process the acquired experimental data, accumulate statistics, determine the current technical state of the engine, identify possible malfunctions, and make decisions regarding changes in operating programs. The core element of the Digital Twin is a mathematical model of the marine diesel engine’s operating cycle. In its development, significant attention was devoted to refining the fuel combustion model, as the combustion processes significantly impact both the engine’s fuel efficiency and the level of toxic emissions of exhaust gases. The enhanced model differs from the base model, by considering the variable value of the average droplets’ diameter during fuel injection. This influence on fuel vapourisation, combustion, and the formation of toxic components is substantial, as shown. Using the example of calibrating the model to the test results of a diesel engine under 27 operating modes, it is demonstrated that the application of the improved combustion model allows better adjustment of the Digital Twin to experimental data, thus achieving a more accurate correspondence to a real engine.
Human Resource Management Digitalisation in Multidisciplinary Ship Design Companies
Authors: Bilon Piotr , Litwin Wojciech 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The digitalisation in the ship design sector is currently applied to the design process itself and is well defined, partially standardised and practically implemented by both independent design companies and the design departments of shipyards. The situation is similar in other sectors of engineering. However, the requirements for the digitalisation of other processes in design and engineering companies have not previously been studied, and the limited financial resources of ship design companies mean that there is a need for research on the digitalisation needs of multidisciplinary ship design companies. The implementation of building information modelling (BIM) solutions is costly for design companies and generates benefits mainly for shipyards and shipowners. The lack of benefits for design companies leads to the hesitation of managers whenever digitalisation is considered; the scope and scale of the digitalisation, as well as the selected software and BIM level, are defined by the shipyard requirements. The participation and support of management in the digitalisation process is one of the key success factors; the expected benefits caused by digitalisation for the organisation will increase the motivation of managers to invest limited resources in digitalisation. There are no data that indicate the processes with a high potential for digitalisation and the scale of expected improvements in ship design companies; therefore, research in this area was performed with a group of project managers from design and engineering companies. The research focused on collecting the opinions and experiences of the managers related to the manual management of resources and comparing the poll results with the conclusions from the enterprise resource planning (ERP) system data analyses. The paper analyses if the digital automation of the resource management process can lead to the substantial improvement of the operations of multi-project, multidisciplinary engineering ship design companies.
Strategies for Developing Logistics Centres: Technological Trends and Policy Implications
Authors: Nguyen Minh Duc , Yeon Ko Tae , Rudzki Krzysztof , Nguyen Hoang Phuong , Pham Nguyen Dang Khoa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Logistics centres are currently performing a key function in the development of countries through their ability to regulate goods, markets, and transport. This is shown by the infrastructure, cost, goods flow, and quality of logistical services provided by these centres. Nevertheless, in developing nations or regions with antiquated logistics infrastructure, conventional logistics centres seem to struggle to manage the volume of commodities passing through them, resulting in persistent congestion and an unsteady flow of goods inside these facilities. This issue poses a challenge to the progress of any nation. The emergence of new technology offers a potential avenue to solve the problems inherent in traditional logistics centres. Most prominently, four technologies (the Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, Big Data and Cloud computing) are widely applied in traditional logistics centres. This work has conducted a thorough analysis and evaluation of these new technologies in relation to their respective functions and roles inside a logistics centre. Furthermore, this work proposes difficulties in applying new technologies to logistics centres related to issues such as science, energy, cost, or staff qualifications. Finally, future development directions, related to expanding policies in technological applications, or combining each country’s policies for the logistics industry, are carefully discussed.
Job Crafting dan Work Engagement pada Wanita Karir
Authors: Saputri Okta Silvyana , Prahara Sowanya Ardi 
Published: December 2023

Abstrak
Perkembangan era digital dan globalisasi membawa dampak kenaikan tenaga kerja wanita di Indonesia yang terserap di beberapa sektor industri, khususnya sektor formal. Pekerja wanita di sektor formal cenderung memiliki aturan yang lebih mengikat. Aturan yang mengikat dan tuntutan untuk mengurus pekerjaan rumah seringkali membuat perempuan lebih bermasalah dalam bekerja. Oleh karena itu wanita bekerja menerapkan job crafting untuk menumbuhkan motivasi, lebih berkembang, profesional, dan lebih engage dengan pekerjaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara job crafting dan work engagement pada wanita karir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode uji korelasi. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah wanita karir yang bekerja di sektor formal di PT. X yang telah bekerja minimal 1 tahun (n=86) yang diperoleh melalui teknik analisis regresi linear berganda. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah Skala Job Crafting dan Skala Work Engagement. Hasil analisis dengan analisis regresi linear berganda diperoleh koefisien regresi sebesar 0,345 (p<0,050). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif signifikan antara job crafting dan work engagement pada wanita karir di PT.X.
Profitabilitas, Leverage dan Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Wuriti Ni Made , Noviari Naniek 
Published: December 2023

Tax avoidance is an activity to legally minimize tax payments but is not wanted by the government because it can lead to reduced state revenues. This research aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the influence of profitability and leverage on tax avoidance. The theory used is the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The population in this study are all mining companies listed on the IDX for the 2017-2021 period. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling method with a total of 60 samples obtained. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that profitability has a positive and significant effect on tax evasion, while leverage has no effect on tax evasion. The theoretical implications of this research are able to confirm the TPB based on the results of the tests that have been carried out. The practical implications of this research can provide knowledge that can be used as consideration for investors and the government.
Keywords: Profitability; Leverage; Tax Avoidance