bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum erythropoietin in acute ischemic stroke: preliminary findings
Authors: Amalia Lisda , Saputra Gilang Nispu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIschemic stroke is the most common stroke, caused by occlusion of cerebral vessels and leading causes of disability. Erythropoietin (EPO) has non-hematopoietic effects as a neuroprotectant after ischemic event. This study aimed to learn the serum level of EPO in acute ischemic stroke. This cross-sectional study of ischemic stroke patients with onset < 24 h and consecutive sampling was used to collect the data from medical records review, physical examinations, head CT, 24-h EPO, 24-h and seventh-day NIHSS. A total of 47 patients consisting of 59.6% women, with a median age of 53 years old (21–70). The median 24 h EPO level was 808.6 pg/mL (134.2–2988.9). The relationship between 24 h-EPO and 24-h NIHSS were not significant (r = 0.101; p = 0.250), nor to 7th day NIHSS (r =  − 0.0174; p = 0.121) and to delta NIHSS (r = 0.186; p = 0.106). The relationship of blood collection time (hour) and EPO was significant (r =  − 0.260; p = 0.039). There was a statistically significant difference between serum EPO levels in ischemic stroke patients with lacunar stroke compared to non-lacunar stroke (288.5 vs. 855.4 ng/mL; p = 0.021). There was a relationship between the time of collection of blood and the level of EPO and also there was difference EPO level in lacunar stroke subtype compared with non-lacunar. The relationship between EPO and NIHSS lost significance after analysis. There is a need for a future study comparing each stroke risk factor and the same blood collection time.
Analysis of m6A regulators related immune characteristics in ankylosing spondylitis by integrated bioinformatics and computational strategies
Authors: Guo Da , Liu Jiayi , Li Shuang , Xu Peng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as a common epigenetic modification, has been widely studied in autoimmune diseases. However, the role of m6A in the regulation of the immune microenvironment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of m6A modification on the immune microenvironment of AS. We first evaluated RNA modification patterns mediated by 26 m6A regulators in 52 AS samples and 20 healthy samples. Thereafter, an m6A related classifier composed of seven genes was constructed and could effectively distinguish healthy and AS samples. Then, the correlation between m6A regulators and immune characteristics were investigated, including infiltrating immunocytes, immune reactions activity, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes expression. The results indicated that m6A regulators was closely correlated with immune characteristics. For example, EIF3A was significantly related to infiltrating immunocytes; IGF2BP2 and EIF3A were significant regulators in immune reaction of TGF-β family member, and the expression of HLA-DPA1 and HLA-E were affected by EIF3A and ALKBH5. Next, two distinct m6A expression patterns were identified through unsupervised clustering analysis, and diverse immune characteristics were found between them. A total of 5889 m6A phenotype-related genes were obtained between the two expression patterns, and their biological functions were revealed. Finally, we validated the expression status of m6A modification regulators using two additional datasets. Our findings illustrate that m6A modifications play a critical role in the diversity and complexity of the AS immune microenvironment.
A prospective clinical trial of diathermy ablation for patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia from a single institution in Japan
Authors: Mitani Takeji , Kukimoto Iwao , Tsukamoto Tetsuya , Nomura Hiroyuki , Fujii Takuma 
Published: February 2024

AbstractApproximately 500,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer annually, with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) estimated to be 20 times higher. The diathermy ablation is an inexpensive minimally invasive surgeries for CIN. However, little is known about the treatment outcomes. A prospective clinical trial was therefore conducted to evaluate ablation outcomes based on detailed colposcopy findings, cytology, and biopsy results over a two-year period. We enrolled CIN2 (n = 32) and CIN3 (n = 7) patients. Eligibility criteria included: aged between 29 and 49 (median: 36, mean: 36.3), visible transformation zone with high-grade lesions not entirely occupying the cervix, and histologically diagnosed with CIN2 or CIN3. Cytology and HPV genotyping were performed, and colposcopic findings were evaluated. Colposcopy-guided diathermy ablation was conducted by a certified gynecologic oncologist. The incidence of recurrent or residual disease was 5.1% (2/39, 95% confidence interval: − 0.02 to 0.12). The prevalence of HPV infection at 12 months decreased after surgery, as 67.6% (23/34, 0.52–0.83) of patients were HPV-negative. No severe adverse events were reported, while there were five pregnancies with full-term deliveries. The promising outcome was possibly due to selection of rigorous surgical indication and skilled surgical techniques. The study highlights the importance of experienced and skilled colposcopists.TrialRegistry This study was registered in the clinical trial registration system of the University hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR ID: UMIN000024483). Open for the trial to the public through the website: 01/11/2016. First registration of the patient: 30/01/2017.
Pantoea trifolii sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from Trifolium rubens root nodules
Authors: Wdowiak-Wróbel Sylwia , Kalita Michał , Palusińska-Szysz Marta , Marek-Kozaczuk Monika , Sokołowski Wojciech , Coutinho Teresa A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA novel bacterium, designated strain MMK2T, was isolated from a surface-sterilised root nodule of a Trifolium rubens plant growing in south-eastern Poland. Cells were Gram negative, non-spore forming and rod shaped. The strain had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with P. endophytica (99.4%), P. leporis (99.4%) P. rwandensis (98.8%) and P. rodasii (98.45%). Phylogenomic analysis clearly showed that strain MMK2T and an additional strain, MMK3, should reside in the genus Pantoea and that they were most closely related to P. endophytica and P. leporis. Genome comparisons showed that the novel strain shared 82.96–93.50% average nucleotide identity and 26.2–53. 2% digital DNA:DNA hybridization with closely related species. Both strains produced siderophores and were able to solubilise phosphates. The MMK2T strain was also able to produce indole-3-acetic acid. The tested strains differed in their antimicrobial activity, but both were able to inhibit the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 10Ss01. Based on the results of the phenotypic, phylogenomic, genomic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strains MMK2T and MMK3 belong to a novel species in the genus Pantoea for which the name Pantoea trifolii sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain MMK2T (= DSM 115063T = LMG 33049T).
A novel preliminary metabolomic panel for IHD diagnostics and pathogenesis
Authors: Markin S. S. , Ponomarenko E. A. , Romashova Yu. A. , Pleshakova T. O. , Ivanov S. V. , Bedretdinov F. N. , Konstantinov S. L. , Nizov A. A. , Koledinskii A. G. , Girivenko A. I. , Shestakova K. M. , Markin P. A. , Moskaleva N. E. , Kozhevnikova M. V. , Chefranova Zh. Yu. , Appolonova S. A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) represents one of the main causes of mortality worldwide and nearly a half of it is related to ischemic heart disease (IHD). The article represents a comprehensive study on the diagnostics of IHD through the targeted metabolomic profiling and machine learning techniques. A total of 112 subjects were enrolled in the study, consisting of 76 IHD patients and 36 non-CVD subjects. Metabolomic profiling was conducted, involving the quantitative analysis of 87 endogenous metabolites in plasma. A novel regression method of age-adjustment correction of metabolomics data was developed. We identified 36 significantly changed metabolites which included increased cystathionine and dimethylglycine and the decreased ADMA and arginine. Tryptophan catabolism pathways showed significant alterations with increased levels of serotonin, intermediates of the kynurenine pathway and decreased intermediates of indole pathway. Amino acid profiles indicated elevated branched-chain amino acids and increased amino acid ratios. Short-chain acylcarnitines were reduced, while long-chain acylcarnitines were elevated. Based on these metabolites data, machine learning algorithms: logistic regression, support vector machine, decision trees, random forest, and gradient boosting, were used for IHD diagnostic models. Random forest demonstrated the highest accuracy with an AUC of 0.98. The metabolites Norepinephrine; Xanthurenic acid; Anthranilic acid; Serotonin; C6-DC; C14-OH; C16; C16-OH; GSG; Phenylalanine and Methionine were found to be significant and may serve as a novel preliminary panel for IHD diagnostics. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
The impact of selected xanthophylls on oil hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase: in silico and in vitro studies
Authors: Dąbrowski Grzegorz , Czaplicki Sylwester , Szustak Marcin , Korkus Eliza , Gendaszewska-Darmach Edyta , Konopka Iwona 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLipase inhibition is one of the directions to control obesity. In vitro assays have confirmed the inhibitory effect of selected xanthophylls, including astaxanthin, fucoxanthinol, fucoxanthin, and neoxanthin. Similarly, an in-silico study also demonstrated the successful inhibition of pancreatic lipase by astaxanthin. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these protocols in the emulsion state typical of lipid digestion remains untested. To address this issue, the current study employed the pH–stat test, which mimics lipid digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, to evaluate native and prepared sea buckthorn and rapeseed oils with varying xanthophyll contents from 0 to 1400 mg/kg oil. Furthermore, a molecular docking of zeaxanthin and violaxanthin (commonly found in plant-based foods), astaxanthin (widely distributed in foods of marine origin) and orlistat (approved as a drug) was performed. The in-silico studies revealed comparable inhibitory potential of all tested xanthophylls (variation from − 8.0 to − 9.3 kcal/mol), surpassing that of orlistat (− 6.5 kcal/mol). Nonetheless, when tested in an emulsified state, the results of pH–stat digestion failed to establish the inhibitory effect of xanthophylls in the digested oils. In fact, lipolysis of native xanthophyll-rich sea buckthorn oil was approximately 22% higher than that of the xanthophyll-low preparation. The key insight derived from this study is that the amphiphilic properties of xanthophylls during the digestion of xanthophyll-rich lipids/meals facilitate emulsion formation, which leads to enhanced fat lipolysis.
Autologous anti-GD2 CAR T cells efficiently target primary human glioblastoma
Authors: Chiavelli Chiara , Prapa Malvina , Rovesti Giulia , Silingardi Marco , Neri Giovanni , Pugliese Giuseppe , Trudu Lucia , Dall’Ora Massimiliano , Golinelli Giulia , Grisendi Giulia , Vinet Jonathan , Bestagno Marco , Spano Carlotta , Papapietro Roberto Vito , Depenni Roberta , Di Emidio Katia , Pasetto Anna , Nascimento Silva Daniela , Feletti Alberto , Berlucchi Silvia , Iaccarino Corrado , Pavesi Giacomo , Dominici Massimo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) remains a deadly tumor. Treatment with chemo-radiotherapy and corticosteroids is known to impair the functionality of lymphocytes, potentially compromising the development of autologous CAR T cell therapies. We here generated pre-clinical investigations of autologous anti-GD2 CAR T cells tested against 2D and 3D models of GBM primary cells. We detected a robust antitumor effect, highlighting the feasibility of developing an autologous anti-GD2 CAR T cell-based therapy for GBM patients.
Molecular fragmentation as a crucial step in the AI-based drug development pathway
Authors: Jinsong Shao , Qifeng Jia , Xing Chen , Hao Yajie , Wang Li 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe AI-based small molecule drug discovery has become a significant trend at the intersection of computer science and life sciences. In the pursuit of novel compounds, fragment-based drug discovery has emerged as a novel approach. The Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT) model has showcased remarkable prowess across various domains, rooted in its pre-training and representation learning of fundamental linguistic units. Analogous to natural language, molecular encoding, as a form of chemical language, necessitates fragmentation aligned with specific chemical logic for accurate molecular encoding. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in molecular fragmentation. We systematically summarize the approaches and applications of various molecular fragmentation techniques, with special emphasis on the characteristics and scope of applicability of each technique, and discuss their applications. We also provide an outlook on the current development trends of molecular fragmentation techniques, including some potential research directions and challenges.
Identifying levers of urban neighbourhood transformation using serious games
Authors: Schuur Johann S. , Switalski Michal , Salliou Nicolas , Grêt-Regamey Adrienne 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGrowing urban population and contemporary urban systems lock-in unsustainable urban development pathways, deteriorating the living quality of urban dwellers. The systemic complexity of these challenges renders it difficult to find solutions using existing planning processes. Alternatively, transformative planning processes are radical, take place on multiple scales, and are often irreversible; therefore, require the integration of local stakeholders’ perspectives, which are often contradictory. We identify perceived levers of urban transformative change using a serious game to facilitate the integration of these perspectives through simulating neighbourhood transformation processes in two European case studies. Building on existing transformation frameworks, we organize, conceptualize, and compare the effectiveness of these levers through demonstrating their interactions with different scales of transformation. Specifically, drawing from close commonalities between large-scale (Three Spheres of Transformation) and place-based (Place-making) transformation frameworks, we show how these interactions can help to develop recommendations to unlock urban transformative change. Results show that access to participation is a key lever enabling urban transformative change. It appears to be mid-level effective to unlock urban transformative change through interactions with the political sphere of transformation and procedural element of Place-making. Ultimately, however, most effective are those levers that interact with all scales of transformation. For example, by engaging a combination of levers including access to participation, public spaces, parking, place-characteristics and place-identity. These findings could be operationalized by self-organized transformation processes focused on repurposing hard infrastructure into public spaces, whilst ensuring continuity of place-based social- and physical features. Local stakeholders could further use such processes to better understand and engage with their individual roles in the transformative process, because interactions with the personal scale, i.e., personal sphere of transformation appear paramount to unlock urban transformative change.
Reduced‐order electromagnetic transient model based on equivalent flux linkage derivative for induction motors under voltage sag condition
Authors: Yang Guangliang , Guan Tongyu , Kang Jinping , Zhan Yang , Xu Guorui , Zhao Haisen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrecise electromagnetic transient simulation of induction motors (IMs) under voltage sag condition is necessary in Electro‐Magnetic Transient Programme. Although traditional fifth‐order model can accurately reflect the electromagnetic transient behaviour of IMs, the disadvantage of massive computation limits its application in the large‐scale system simulation. Considering voltage sag is a typical power quality issue, a novel reduced‐order electromagnetic transient model based on equivalent flux linkage derivative is proposed to shorten simulation time during voltage sag. When characteristic parameters of voltage sag are given, an equivalent flux linkage derivative can be obtained simply, and the proposed model can effectively shorten the simulation time while ensuring accuracy of the fifth‐order model. Simulation results of small capacity (5.5‐kW) and large capacity (315‐kW and 1600‐kW) IMs in simple system and IEEE 9‐bus system confirm the applicability of the proposed model. It is estimated that simulation time of the proposed model decreases by 76% compared with the fifth‐order model. Finally, the experimental validation with the 5.5‐kW IM is carried out to show the effectiveness of the theory.
Optimizing photovoltaic models: A leader artificial ecosystem approach for accurate parameter estimation of dynamic and static three diode systems
Authors: Hassan Mohamed H. , Kamel Salah , Ramadan Abd‐ElHady , Domínguez‐García José Luís , Zeinoddini‐Meymand Hamed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe utilization of accurate models is crucial in the various stages of development for photovoltaic (PV) systems. Modelling these systems effectively allows developers to assess new modifications prior to the manufacturing phase, resulting in cost and time savings. This research paper presents a viable approach to accurately estimate both static and dynamic PV models. The proposed estimation method relies on a novel and enhanced optimization algorithm called leader artificial ecosystem‐based optimization (LAEO), which improves upon the original artificial ecosystem‐based optimization (AEO). The proposed LAEO algorithm integrates the adaptive probability (AP) and leader‐based mutation‐selection strategies to enhance the search capability, improve the balance between exploration and exploitation, and overcome local optima. To evaluate the effectiveness of LAEO, it was tested on 23 different benchmark functions. Additionally, LAEO was applied to estimate the parameters of static three‐diode PV models, as well as integral‐order and fractional‐order dynamic models. This paper showcases practical implementations of photovoltaic (PV) parameter estimation in various scenarios, including the static three‐diode model, dynamic integral order model (IOM), and fractional order model (FOM). The results were assessed from various angles to examine the precision, performance, and stability of the LAEO algorithm.
Aktuelles Vorgehen in der Nachbehandlung gelenkerhaltender Operationen am Kniegelenk im deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Degenhardt Hannes , Hirschmüller Anja , Minzlaff Philipp 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die postoperative Nachbehandlung nach gelenkerhaltenden Kniegelenkoperationen beinhaltet neben klassischer Physiotherapie weitere Ansätze und Hilfsmittel wie CPM- und CAM-Schienen, TENS-Geräte, BFR-Training, Prähabilitation und digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen. Ziel der vorliegenden Umfrage war es, aktuelle Standards, Trends und Steuerungsmöglichkeiten in der Nachbehandlung zu untersuchen, Problemfelder zu identifizieren und mit der aktuellen Literatur zu vergleichen.
Material und Methoden Es erfolgte eine strukturierte anonyme Online-Befragung gelisteter Fachärzte für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie der deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Arthroskopie und Gelenkchirurgie (AGA). Der Fragebogen umfasste 36 geschlossene Fragen zur Nachbehandlung gelenkerhaltender Operationen am Kniegelenk.
Ergebnisse Es konnten die Fragebogen von 528 Teilnehmenden mit langjähriger Berufserfahrung (86,6% mehr als 10 Jahre) analysiert werden. Standardisierte Nachbehandlungsschemata werden von 97,2% verwendet und deren Evidenz als hoch (59,1%) /sehr hoch (14,8%) eingeschätzt. Probleme der Rehabilitation werden in 10–20% der Fälle von 87,3% (persistierende Muskelatrophie 30,9%) gesehen. Nach rekonstruktiven Eingriffen werden CPM-Schienen (70,1%), CAM-Schienen (42,1%), Orthesen (85,0%) und TENS-Geräte (40,0%) verschrieben. Potentere Ansätze zur Behandlung des postoperativen Muskeldefizits werden von 89,4% gewünscht. BFR-Training ist bei 41,7% bekannt und wird von 8% regelmäßig angewendet. Es erfolgt nur ein unregelmäßiger Austausch mit behandelnden Physiotherapeuten (schriftlich: 27,5%). Eine digitale Rehabilitationssteuerung würde von 83,3% unterstützt werden, 22,7% kennen digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen nicht. 87,9% der Teilnehmenden gehen davon aus, dass Prähabilitation das postoperative Ergebnis beeinflussen kann.
Schlussfolgerung Die Nachbehandlung kniegelenkerhaltender Operationen erfolgt in der Regel standardisiert und wird regelmäßig auf Aktualität überprüft. Die Evidenz für ausgesprochene Empfehlungen wird dabei als hoch eingeschätzt. In der Regel werden Orthesen nach rekonstruktiven Eingriffen verwendet, persistierende Muskelatrophien sind ein zentrales Problemfeld, das BFR-Training ist nur begrenzt bekannt, standardisierte Trainingsprotokolle fehlen hierfür aktuell. Die Kommunikation mit Physiotherapeuten ist verbesserungswürdig. Eine digitale Rehabilitationssteuerung wird selten verwendet, würde aber von der Mehrzahl der Chirurgen unterstützt werden.
Bridging the notch: quantification of the end diastolic notch to better predict fetal growth restriction
Authors: Yu Sheila , Nair Ananya Gopika , Huang Tianhua , Melamed Nir , Mei Dan Elad , Aviram Amir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose We aimed to evaluate several quantitative methods to describe the diastolic notch (DN) and compare their performance in the prediction of fetal growth restriction.
Materials and Methods Patients who underwent a placental scan at 16–26 weeks of gestation and delivered between Jan 2016 and Dec 2020 were included. The uterine artery pulsatility index was measured for all of the patients. In patients with a DN, it was quantified using the notch index and notch depth index. Odds ratios for small for gestational age neonates (defined as birth weight <10th and <5th percentile) were calculated. Predictive values of uterine artery pulsatility, notch, and notch depth index for fetal growth restriction were calculated.
Results Overall, 514 patients were included, with 69 (13.4%) of them delivering a small for gestational age neonate (birth weight<10th percentile). Of these, 20 (20.9%) had a mean uterine artery pulsatility index >95th percentile, 13 (18.8%) had a unilateral notch, and 11 (15.9%) had a bilateral notch. 16 patients (23.2%) had both a high uterine artery pulsatility index (>95th percentile) and a diastolic notch. Comparison of the performance between uterine artery pulsatility, notch, and notch depth index using receiver operating characteristic curves to predict fetal growth restriction <10th percentile found area under the curve values of 0.659, 0.679, and 0.704, respectively, with overlapping confidence intervals.
Conclusion Quantifying the diastolic notch at 16–26 weeks of gestation did not provide any added benefit in terms of prediction of neonatal birth weight below the 10th or 5th percentile for gestational age, compared with uterine artery pulsatility index.