bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Double Erosion of Liberal Citizenship: Economization and Moralization
Authors: Joppke Christian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTContemporary liberal state citizenship is hollowed‐out from two sides simultaneously. One is economization: it foregrounds the capacity to “contribute” and to be self‐providing as criterion for naturalization, and it shows the imprint of neoliberalism as political‐ordering and subject‐forming principle. The other is moralization: it asks certain applicants for citizenship not just for observing the law but internalizing and identifying with its underlying values, and it occurs in a context of allegedly failing Muslim immigration, particularly in Western Europe. Both tendencies challenge foundational elements of liberal citizenship: the notion, central to social liberalism since John Stuart Mill, that society is non‐contractual and a community of fate, with respect to economization; and the Kantian distinction between morality and legality, or between belief and conduct, with respect to moralization. I illustrate both trends with recent citizenship reforms in Western Europe, with a focus on Germany, Britain, France, and Switzerland.
Adverse events and paramedic interventions during extended ground transport in a rural pharmaco‐invasive STEMI program
Authors: Faddy Steven C , Edwards Sarah , Luscombe Georgina , Ryan Estelle , Arnold Ruth 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveAlthough guidelines recommend angiography and coronary intervention occur within 24 h of thrombolysis when percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is not available within 120 min, this target is difficult to achieve in rural and remote areas of New South Wales (NSW), Australia.MethodsIn this is secondary analysis we examine the impact of extending the existing 90‐min road transport limit for patients in rural and remote areas of western NSW who have received initial treatment for ST‐elevation myocardial infarction.ResultsThe patient cohort consisted of 86 patients who were transported by road ambulance with transport times more than 90 min. Adverse events occurred in 20% of patient transports and rates were similar in patients transported directly from the scene or from a community hospital. The most common adverse events were hypotension and bradycardia. There was one cardiac arrest, four minor bleeding events and no major bleeding events. The main treatments provided were morphine analgesia, nitrates and anti‐emetic medications.ConclusionsThe primary study showed a significant reduction in time from first clinical contact to arrival at the PCI hospital. In this secondary analysis, we demonstrate that the rate of adverse events during long‐distance road transport is low, the adverse events are mostly minor in nature and are within the scope of paramedic practice to manage.
Regulating Grand Challenges: The Evolution of Human Resource Managers' Framing of the UK Gender Pay Gap Regulations
Authors: Walsh Janet 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIt has been argued that the absence of research into how HR practitioners interact with the legal context is an important omission in HRM scholarship. Drawing on longitudinal interview data, this paper addresses this research gap by examining how HR managers frame a new legal mandate, namely the gender pay gap regulations, and how those frames evolve over time. The study finds that HR managers seek to make sense of the regulations through a diagnostic frame of organisational risk composed of three elements, namely uncertainty, ambiguity, and opportunity cost. Two types of prognostic frame are also invoked to understand the regulations, firstly as a risk to be mitigated through normalisation, neutralisation, and disassociation, and secondly, as an opportunity to be leveraged as an impetus for change and an enhancer of HR's influence. The study sheds light on the factors that affect the nature and evolution of frames, including the extent of stakeholder interest and internal engagement.
Extended‐release pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders in incarcerated populations: A systematic review
Authors: Woods Amelia , Foley Catherine , Conigrave Katherine M. , Asare‐Doku Winifred , Shakeshaft Anthony , Settumba‐Stolk Stella , Farrell Michael , Doyle Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and aimsSubstance use (SU) is prevalent among individuals in the criminal justice system (CJS). However, there is often poor access to treatment. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of two medications, extended‐release naltrexone (XR‐NTX) and extended‐release buprenorphine (XR‐BUP) for the prison population.MethodsWe searched Scopus, OVID/Embase, PubMed/Medline, ProQuest, EBSCO, Cochrane Library and Australian Criminology Database for original articles published from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2022. Inclusion criteria: 18+, substance use disorder; XR treatment; recent incarceration. We extracted study, participants, treatment characteristics and outcome variables. We conducted risk of bias assessments using the RoB‐2, ROBINS‐I, JBI tools and Evers et al.ResultsWe identified 25 papers (16 studies) examining 3403 participants. Sixteen papers (9 studies) focused on XR‐NTX, eight (7 studies) on XR‐BUP and one on both. Eighteen papers (11 studies) were from the US, with the remainder from Norway, Australia, UK, Canada and Germany. There were eight RCTs (10 papers), four secondary observational analyses, four cohort studies, four economic analyses, two case series and one qualitative paper. Most studies had small–moderate samples, with varying retention and follow‐up periods. Among RCTs, two XR‐NTX studies for opioid use found no difference in retention vs treatment as usual and placebo, while one reported improved retention for XR‐NTX implant vs methadone. One RCT showed mixed retention results for XR‐NTX vs placebo in alcohol use. One XR‐BUP study showed improved or equivalent treatment retention (depending on measures) vs sublingual buprenorphine. There was no difference in overdoses. SU for XR‐NTX was challenging to assess due to differing definitions, measures and comparators. XR‐BUP yielded mixed SU results, with one indicating a greater effect and another no difference from comparators.ConclusionsThere is no clear evidence for the effectiveness of extended release naltrexone and buprenorphine among individuals in the criminal justice system compared with shorter acting formulations. But there is growing evidence for the effectiveness of extended release buprenorphine in reducing opioid use and improving treatment retention in that population, with potential cost offsets from initial medication expenses.
Genome‐wide study suggests inheritance of personality traits in Toy Poodles and Miniature Dachshunds
Authors: Zemmoto Chika , Matsumoto Yuki , Arahori Minori , Inoue‐Murayama Miho 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDomestic dogs exhibit significant diversity in both morphology and personality. Recent studies focusing on large‐breed dogs reported the contribution of genetic factors to personality. However, the genetic influence in small‐breed dogs remains unexplored. In the present study, we investigated the personality of two small‐breed dogs using a questionnaire and genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism data obtained from 301 Toy Poodles and 183 Miniature Dachshunds using the Illumina CanineHD 230K SNP BeadChip. The factor analysis conducted on a questionnaire consisting of 39 items identified seven factors. Among the seven personality factors, ‘activeness’ in Toy Poodles and ‘human‐directed sociability’ in Miniature Dachshunds had an estimated heritability of 0.425 (SE = 0.311) and 0.514 (SE = 0.355), respectively. In addition, genome‐wide association study suggested that two genomic regions possibly affect personality. The dog breeds focused on in this study are most popular in Japan, thus their information is in high demand.
Visualising an undergraduate geography field class using generative AI: Intent, expectations and surprises about the racial depiction of students
Authors: Day Terence , Esson James 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis commentary reflects on an attempt to use ChatGPT to generate an image for a geography textbook. We explore why the image that was produced provoked surprise and intrigue and think through how our reactions revealed ingrained assumptions about educational spaces. Our discussion highlights the importance of intentionality in prompt design and offers a reminder of how seemingly neutral prompts can reproduce dominant narratives. We conclude by proposing that as generative AI becomes more prevalent in geography education, this take‐up needs to critically engage with the ethical and societal implications of AI use so we can actively challenge ourselves as well as the technology.
In Vivo Investigation of the Effects of Nonylphenol on the Pituitary–Adrenal Axis and Pineal Gland in Male Rats
Authors: İnkaya E. N. , Tokgöz E. , Barlas N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates various physiological processes; damage to this gland disrupts these functions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nonylphenol on the pineal gland and the pituitary–adrenal axis, which is associated with this system. The study was initiated using Wistar albino male rats on their postnatal 21st day, a critical developmental stage for endocrine regulation. Nonylphenol was administered via oral gavage at doses of 5, 25 and 125 mg/kg/day, while bisphenol‐A was given at 50 mg/kg/day as a positive control. At the end of the treatment period, liver, kidney, pituitary, pineal and adrenal tissues were examined histopathologically. Hormone levels were analysed in serum samples. Significant changes in adrenocorticotropic hormone, melatonin and aldosterone levels were detected in hormone analyses. In contrast, no differences in corticosterone and glucose levels were detected. Histopathological findings showed structural changes in tissues. The effects of nonylphenol on the pituitary–adrenal axis and melatonin vary depending on the experimental protocols employed. However, it is clear that nonylphenol and bisphenol A have negative effects on the pituitary–adrenal axis, pineal gland, liver and kidney. In conclusion, future research should focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects and developing environmentally friendly strategies to eliminate nonylphenol and bisphenol‐A contamination.
Neurobiological Mechanisms Link Bipolar Disorder to Cardiovascular Disease: A Retrospective Biobank Study of Adverse Event Risk and Contributory Mechanisms
Authors: Baek Ji Hyun , Grewal Simran S. , Karam Krystel Abi , Hanlon Erin R. , Abohashem Shady , Seligowski Antonia V. , Henry Michael , Osborne Michael T. , Nierenberg Andrew A. , Tawakol Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveIndividuals with bipolar disorder are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain poorly understood. This study aimed to (1) determine the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after adjusting for important confounders and (2) evaluate the neural, autonomic, and immune mechanisms underlying the link between bipolar disorder and cardiovascular disease.MethodsLeveraging the Mass General Brigham Biobank, bipolar disorder and incident MACE were identified using the International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes. Incident MACE events were assessed from enrollment to the date of data lock (December 2020); or to the 10‐year period. Health behavior data were derived from optional surveys. Cox regression hazard models were applied.ResultsOf 118,827 Biobank participants, 6009 were diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Those with bipolar disorder (vs. without) demonstrated a higher risk of MACE after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.29 [1.10–1.51], p = 0.002). The relationship remained significant over 10 years after adjustment for unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (1.29 [1.03, 1.61], p = 0.025). Furthermore, SNA, autonomic nervous system, and inflammatory markers each significantly associated with both bipolar disorder and MACE risk. Each of these measures mediated the association between bipolar disorder and MACE (accounting for 3.8%–17.8% of the relationship).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that bipolar disorder associates with heightened cardiovascular risk, even after accounting for cardiovascular risk. Moreover, the findings suggest that neurobiological pathways and perturbations in autonomic and inflammatory pathways may confer cardiovascular risk in bipolar disorder.
Sustainable Economic Growth in an Economy With Exhaustible Resources and a Declining Population Under the Balance‐of‐Payments Constraint
Authors: Sasaki Hiroaki , Fukatani Noriki , Imai Daisuke , Kamanaka Yusuke 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study builds a growth model and investigates the effects of resource depletion and population increases or decreases on the growth rate of per‐capita consumption in an open economy that trades with the rest of the world. We examine the two cases in which the input ratio of exhaustible resources is fixed or is determined endogenously. In both cases, depending on the conditions, the long‐run growth rate of per‐capita consumption can be positive, irrespective of whether the population growth rate is positive or negative.
Osteology of the appendicular skeleton of Bagualia alba (Dinosauria, Eusauropoda) from the Lower Jurassic of Patagonia and the macroevolutionary history of early eusauropods
Authors: Gomez Kevin L. , Pol Diego , Ezcurra Martín D. , Carballido José L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSince their origin, sauropodomorphs have undergone numerous anatomical changes from small and bipedal early sauropodomorphs towards massive‐bodied and quadrupedal sauropods. However, the timing of these changes in the evolution of the group is unclear. Here, we describe the appendicular skeleton of the early diverging eusauropod Bagualia alba from the late Early Jurassic of Patagonia, Argentina, and conduct a morphological disparity analysis based on a phylogenetic dataset of Sauropoda. The results reveal a change in morphospace occupation between the pre‐Toarcian and Toarcian–Middle Jurassic sauropodomorphs and between the latter and Late Jurassic forms. The first shift corresponds with the extinction of non‐sauropodan sauropodomorphs and the diversification of sauropods, while the second corresponds with the diversification of Neosauropoda and closely related eusauropods (mamenchisaurids, turiasaurians) in the Late Jurassic, leading to a substantial shift and increase in morphological disparity. Finally, we found that body mass is significantly correlated with the first principal coordinate axis of the morphospace in two‐thirds of a random sample of optimal trees, which suggests that body size played a role in shaping the evolution of sauropod morphology. In this context, Bagualia provides insights into the evolution of Sauropoda, particularly regarding changes that occurred during the Early to Middle Jurassic.
Small fiber neuropathy in the post‐COVID condition and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical significance and diagnostic challenges
Authors: Azcue Naiara , Teijeira‐Portas Sara , Tijero‐Merino Beatriz , Acera Marian , Fernández‐Valle Tamara , Ayala Unai , Barrenechea Maitane , Murueta‐Goyena Ane , Lafuente Jose Vicente , de Munain Adolfo Lopez , Ruiz‐Irastorza Guillermo , Martín‐Iglesias Daniel , Gabilondo Iñigo , Gómez‐Esteban Juan Carlos , Del Pino Rocio 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPatients with post‐COVID condition (PCC) and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) experience symptoms potentially associated with small fiber neuropathy (SFN).MethodsA sample of 90 participants, comprising 30 PCC patients, 30 ME/CFS patients, and 30 healthy controls (HC), matched by sex and age, was assessed. Neuropathic, autonomic, and fatigue symptoms were measured with TaskForce Monitor, the Sudoscan, heat and cold evoked potentials, In Vivo Corneal Confocal Microscopy (IVCCM), and specialized questionaries.ResultsPCC and ME/CFS patients demonstrated significantly higher levels of autonomic symptoms (H = 39.89, p < 0.001), neuropathic symptoms (H = 48.94, p < 0.001), and fatigue (H = 49.29, p < 0.001) compared to HC. Quantitative sensory testing revealed significant differences in heat detection thresholds between PCC patients and HC (F = 4.82; p < 0.01). Regarding corneal small fiber tortuosity, there were statistically significant differences between patients and HC (F = 6.80; p < 0.01), indicating pathological responses in patients. Small fiber tortuosity in IVCCM was identified as the main discriminator between patients and HC (AUC = 0.720; p < 0.01).ConclusionPCC and ME/CFS patients demonstrated sensory SFN, as evidenced by impaired heat detection and increased tortuosity of small fibers in the central corneal subbasal plexus. The findings underscore the importance of a multimodal approach to comprehensively detect and characterize SFN. This study provides valuable scientific insights into the neuropathic manifestations associated with these conditions.
Early intensive therapy versus escalation strategy in French Caribbean multiple sclerosis cohort
Authors: David Thomas , Lobjois Quentin , Tressières Benoit , Signaté Aissatou , Lannuzel Annie , Cabre Philippe , Chaumont Hugo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundData on Escalation Therapy versus Early Intensive Therapy (EIT) Strategy in multiple sclerosis (MS) are lacking, particularly in Afro‐Caribbean cases, known for their severity.ObjectivesTo assess efficacy and safety of these strategies in a predominantly Afro‐Caribbean relapsing–remitting MS population.MethodsA multicenter retrospective study of 195 MS patients, including 66 on EIT, with ≥2 years follow‐up. Primary outcome: Kaplan–Meier curves and log‐rank test were used to assess irreversible progression to EDSS scores of 3, 6, and 8. Secondary outcomes: change in EDSS score, risk factors for EDSS progression, and severe adverse effects.ResultsEIT showed slower EDSS 3 progression than Escalation (median survival 13.5 vs. 9.8 years, p = 0.024). After a median follow‐up of 8 years, 89.5% on EIT remained free from EDSS 3 versus 63.8% on Escalation. Univariate analysis linked Escalation (hazard ratio (HR; 95% CI): 2.42 [1.09–5.34]), age at first relapse (HR: 1.04 [1.01–1.06]), incomplete symptom regression (HR: 1.69 [1.02–2.77]), and EDSS 3 progression. EDSS stabilized or decreased with EIT but worsened with Escalation (p < 0.001). Safety profiles were similar.ConclusionsEIT extends median time to irreversible EDSS 3 in Afro‐Caribbean individuals compared to Escalation, supporting its preference as initial treatment.
CoralBleachRisk—Global Projections of Coral Bleaching Risk in the 21st Century
Authors: Mellin Camille , Brown Stuart , Heron Scott F. , Fordham Damien A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMotivationTiming, duration and severity of marine heatwaves are changing rapidly in response to anthropogenic climate change, thereby increasing the frequency of coral bleaching events. Mass coral bleaching events result from cumulative heat stress, which is commonly quantified through degree heating weeks (DHW). Here we introduce CoralBleachRisk, a daily‐resolution global dataset that characterises sea surface temperatures, heat stress anomalies and the timing, duration and magnitude of severe coral bleaching conditions from the recent past (1985) to the future (2100) under three contrasting Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Our projections are downscaled to a 0.5° resolution (~50 km), bias‐corrected and validated using remotely sensed data of sea surface temperatures and a global dataset of historical coral bleaching events. An accompanying online software tool allows non‐specialist users to access aggregated metrics of coral bleaching risk and generate time series projections of coral vulnerability for Earth's coral reefs. Our dataset enables regional to global comparisons of future trends in severe coral bleaching risk.Main Types of Variables ContainedSea surface temperature (SST), SST anomaly, DHW, annual timing and duration of Bleaching Alerts.Spatial LocationGlobal.Time Period1985–2100.Major Taxa and Level of MeasurementCoral communities.Software FormatNetcdf (.nc).
Colorectal adenosquamous carcinoma: clinicopathologic analysis of two large cohorts and literature review confirm poor prognosis and reveal prognostic aspects
Authors: Gonzalez Raul S , Horton Rachel K , Zhang Xuchen , Graham Rondell P , Longacre Teri A , Mehrotra Anupamjit , Allende Daniela S , McHugh Kelsey E , Shia Jinru , Westerhoff Maria , Srivastava Amitabh , Chen Wei , Vazzano Jennifer , Swanson Paul E , Chatterjee Deyali , Cheema Hassam , Ma Changqing , Mannan Rifat , Chetty Runjan , Nowak Klaudia M , Serra Stefano , Agostini‐Vulaj Diana , Kazemimood Rossana , Henn Patrick , Kakar Sanjay , Choi Won‐Tak , Adeyi Oyedele , Jenkins Sarah M , Nagtegaal Iris D 
Published: January 2025

AimsWe compiled two cohorts of colorectal adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) to describe its histologic and molecular aspects using modern parameters to compare them with literature reports using meta‐analysis of cohorts and individual case series.Methods and ResultsWe identified 53 colorectal ASC from 19 North American academic medical centres, in addition to national database reports on 94 Dutch cases. We analysed available clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical features and patient outcome. ASC comprised 0.02% of colorectal cancers in the Dutch database. The median cohort patient ages at resection were 65 and 69 years (North American and Dutch cohorts, respectively), with a roughly equal male:female ratio. The squamous component represented between 5% and 95% of each tumour, with a median of 50%. Tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were generally low (66%), and tumour budding was often Bd1 (64%). Most cases were pT3 (55%) or pT4 (40%), with nodal metastases in more than half (58%). Twenty‐three cases (43%) metastasized distantly, most commonly to the liver. Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency was identified in 34% of the cases. Follow‐up was available for 48 patients; 13 (27%) had recurrent disease and 29 (60%) died. A total of 31 patients progressed, with median time to progression of 18 months. Available data for the Dutch cohort revealed largely similar findings, as did review of cases in the literature.ConclusionColorectal ASC usually presents at an advanced stage. Despite high rates of MMR deficiency and low tumour budding, TILs were generally low, and there is a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis.
Gendering the dilemmas of retirement and return among older British Bangladeshis
Authors: Miah Md Farid , Md Rasel Sheikh , King Russell 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Bangladeshi‐origin community is one of the largest, longest‐established and fastest‐growing migrant groups in the UK. For the first‐generation immigrants, retirement brings a threefold dilemma: stay put for the rest of their lives, surrounded by children and grandchildren; return to Bangladesh to enjoy a peaceful later‐life there; or adopt a to‐and‐fro transnational lifestyle. Interviews were conducted with 32 British Bangladeshis aged 60+, both in London and Sylhet (their main region of origin), with the aim of ascertaining how gender contributes to return migration theory and practice. We find, first, that most British‐Bangladeshi elders do not return. Second, return mobilities, for shorter or longer stays, are highly gendered: it is overwhelmingly men who contemplate and actualise return. Return migration is about reclaiming masculinity and meaning in old age in the home area. Some older men return seasonally, to escape the British winter. A major preoccupation of returnees is access to health services, deemed poor and expensive in Bangladesh.