bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound evaluation of amniotic fluid: outcome of pregnancies with severe oligohydramnios
Authors: Varma T.R. , Bateman S. , Patel R.H. , Chamberlain G.V.P. , Pillai U. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe studied a group of 247 patients out of 7725 patients who had an ultrasonic examination between 32 and 36 weeks gestation and were found to have oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid volume (AFV) ⩽ 2.0 cm). We compared the features of labor and mode of delivery and perinatal outcome in this group with that of a normal control group of 247 patients who also had an ultrasonic examination between 32 and 36 weeks gestation and were found to have normal AFV (> 2.0 to < 8.0 cm). The incidence of induction of labor, of elective cesarean section, of pre‐term delivery (< 37 weeks' gestation) was significantly higher in the oligohydramnios group (study group) as compared with the incidence in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of fetal distress in antenatal and intrapartum period, pH (⩽ 7.2), of low Apgar score (0–5), of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (< tenth centile) infants, of major fetal anomaly and perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) are significantly higher in the oligohydramnios group as compared with the incidence and PNMR in the normal control group (P < 0.05). The ultrasonic finding of oligohydramnios should alert the clinician regarding the possibility of problems in labor and perinatal period.
In vivo release of beta human chorionic gonadotropin by luteinizing hormone releasing hormone stimulation and its clinical application as a remission criterion in patients with gestational trophoblastic disease
Authors: Kim S.J. , Jung J.K. , Kang B.C. , Namkoong S.E. , Lee J.W. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn vivo responses of trophoblasts to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) stimulation in 48 gestational trophoblastic disease patients were observed. Serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) levels after LHRH injection were significantly increased in patients with hCG values between 5 and 20 mIU/ml (minimal resistance group) but not in patients whose hCG levels were less than 5 mIU/ml (possible remission group). The sensitivity, specificity and the predictive values of LHRH stimulation test were 75.0, 91.3 and 95.5% in the possible remission group and 87.5, 20.0 and 77.8% in the minimal resistance group.
Occult infiltrating placenta previa percreta: an unusual case highlighting the management problems in a young patient
Authors: Ruparelia B.A. , Chapman M.G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPlacenta previa in association with placenta accreta has been recorded on average in 1 in 500 pregnancies; its association with placenta percreta is a much rarer condition. We report an unusual case of placenta previa which presented as a severe form of occult parasitic infiltration, invading the internal iliac vessels. This was followed by life‐threatening complications, despite preventative measures. Use of a prediction index to suspect placenta previa is mentioned.
Breech delivery: a critical evaluation of the mode of delivery and outcome of labor
Authors: Mahomed Kassam 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis is a retrospective study of 213 term, singleton, uncomplicated pregnancies presenting as breech. Thirty‐two percent had elective cesarean section and 61% of those selected for vaginal delivery actually did so. Events in labor and fetal outcome suggest that vaginal delivery of a breech infant, after careful feto‐maternal assessment, continuous fetal monitoring, adequate progress in labor and delivery by an experienced “midwife”, provides comparable fetal outcome to delivery by elective cesarean section.
Ovarian tumors in pregnancy
Authors: Ashkenazy M. , Kessler I. , Czernobilsky B. , Nahshoni A. , Lancet M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThirty‐eight women were operated for an ovarian tumor diagnosed during pregnancy, with an incidence of 1/2328 deliveries. The diameter of all tumors was above 5 cm. Of the 31 women operated before delivery, seven were untreated and 24 received supportive progestational therapy. The rate of abortions was 85.7% in the untreated group and 10% in the hydroxy‐progesterone‐caproate group (HPC) (P < 0.02). When the women received a total dose of HPC of more than 300 mg, 9 of 10 pregnancies reached term with a live child. Two ovarian malignancies were found, 5.3% of all cases. In 42.9% of the women there were fertility problems later in life. Ovarian tumors during pregnancy should be removed as soon as possible, irrespective of the age of the pregnancy. If fully progesterone therapy is given, the danger of abortions is reduced to a minimum. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment should also be administered.
The kick chart in high‐risk pregnancies: A two‐year experience in Zimbabwe
Authors: De Muylder X. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA kick chart has been recorded by 200 high‐risk pregnancies during their antepartum hospitalization. Except for 19 mothers who presented with an unreliable count, this study suggests a good correlation between an abnormal kick chart and an increased risk of intrauterine death. The obstetrical outcome was much better among the patients with a normal kick chart compared to those with an abnormal count. This easy, cheap, low‐technology test could be useful in developing countries when monitoring of fetal well‐being is required.
Unexpected dystocia secondary to a fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma: A successful outcome
Authors: El‐Shafie M. , Naylor D. , Schaff E. , Conrad M. , Miller D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSacrococcygeal teratoma is a rare cause of dystocia. With recent advances in perinatal care, particularly the increasing use of maternal ultrasound, it is unlikely that unexpected dystocia secondary to this tumor will be seen by many physicians. Recent reports of this type of dystocia are rare and infant mortality secondary to it is high. However, if and when encountered, such dystocia need not imply a bad prognosis for either mother or infant. This is a report of successful management of one case as well as a presentation of recently reported cases and recommendations for management.
The role of the levonorgestrel intrauterine device in the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia during fertility regulation
Authors: Faundes A. , Alvarez F. , Brache V. , Tejada A.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractHematocrit and blood ferritin were assayed in 43 women using a levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LevoNg‐IUD), 49 using the Copper T‐380 Ag (T‐Cu 380 Ag), 27 using the Lippes loop and 30 non‐IUD users as controls. The mean duration of use was 41 months for the three IUD groups. Women not using IUDs and with similar age, parity, years of schooling and family income as users had a normal mean hematocrit and ferritin, but 30% had low hematocrit (below 38%) and 43% had low ferritin (below 11 ng/ml). After prolonged use of the IUDs, 26% of users of Lippes loop, 22% of users of T‐Cu 380 Ag and only 2% of users of LevoNg‐IUD had subnormal hematocrit; 70%, 55% and 14%, respectively, had low ferritin. Thus, in a population with high incidence of anemia, the use of LevoNg‐IUD appears to reduce the proportion of women with clinical anemia and with depletion of their iron store.
Peer review among district health officers in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Srinivasan V. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA management information system in Maharashtra State, India, was used to obtain primary health care performance data for review at monthly meetings of peers, including District Health Officers, Auxiliary Nurse Midwives and Multipurpose Workers. The meetings were conducted in a problem solving, educational atmosphere. The effect of this process was marked improvement in health worker motivation and performance.
Hydatidiform mole in the elderly: Hysterectomy or evacuation?
Authors: Bahar A.M. , El‐Ashnehi M.S. , Senthilselvan A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTen patients with hydatidiform mole treated by primary hysterectomy were retrospectively compared with 24 patients whose moles were evacuated by suction curettage. All patients were 35 years old or more and were followed up for 1 year following the evacuation. During follow‐up, 10% of the hysterectomized patients needed chemotherapy in comparison with 33.4% of the non‐hysterectomized patients. This difference was not statistically significant. There was also no statistically significant difference when the serial serum beta‐subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (β‐hCG) regression rates of the two groups were compared. The study shows that primary hysterectomy does not worsen the prognosis of gestational trophoblastic disease, however, it does not negate the need for careful follow‐up.
Vaginal delivery after cesarean section
Authors: Veridiano N.P. , Thorner N.S. , Ducey J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe retrospectively analyzed 194 pregnancies in women with a history of previous cesarean section (CS) who were offered a trial of labor. We offered every woman a trial of labor as long as she did not have a known previous classical scar. One hundred fifty‐one women delivered vaginally (79%), 24 women had multiple uterine scars. Multiple gestations and breech presentation were not considered a sole indication to perform CS. Fetal and maternal morbidity are presented. We conclude that women with multiple previous CS scars can safely deliver vaginally as can women with unknown uterine scars, with careful intrapartum surveillance. Although our numbers of women with breech presentation and multiple gestations are small, in the absence of significant morbidity, we continue to allow these women to labor and deliver vaginally.
Congenital absence of an ovary in a Nigerian woman
Authors: Dare F.O. , Makinde O.O. , Makinde O.N. , Odutayo R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of unilateral absence of the left ovary in a 45‐year‐old grand multiparous Nigerian woman is reported. Congenital absence of a gonad is extremely rare and it indicates a genetic or chromosomal error in the formation of the urogenital ridge.
Prophylactic short course rectal metronidazole for cesarean section. A double‐blind controlled trial of a simple low cost regimen
Authors: de Boer C.N. , Thornton J.G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOne hundred and eighty two patients undergoing elective and emergency cesarean section were entered in a randomized double‐blind placebo controlled trial of short course metronidazole rectal suppositories. There was a significant reduction in wound infection, febrile morbidity and postoperative hospitalization in the treated group. The reduction was greatest for serious wound infection. The simplicity and low cost of the regimen make it suitable for hospitals in developing countries.
Uterine myoma in pregnancy: ultrasound study
Authors: Rosati P. , Bellati U. , Exacoustos C. , Angelozzi P. , Mancuso S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn many cases the presence of a myomatous formation in pregnancy begins its effect in a symptomless way and is revealed only by a regular sonographic control or at the time of delivery. In other cases, however, it could represent the cause of several complications, such as increased incidence of abortion extrauterine pregnancy premature breaking of the membranes, premature delivery distocia during delivery or it could itself be the site of necrotic processes. The attitude towards this type of pathology during pregnancy has often varied. The authors report their experiences regarding 408 cases of pregnancies complicated by myoma that were followed with accurate sonographic monitoring and they evaluate the incidence of the principal complications during pregnancy at the time of delivery and the eventual influence on the fetal weight at the time of birth.
The incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension in southeast Turkey
Authors: Sumnulu I. , Ildeniz M. , Özel N. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOne hundred twenty patients with pregnancy‐induced hypertension (PIH) were delivered during 1986. The incidence of pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia, per 1000 births, was 103 and 19, respectively. Two‐thirds of eclamptics were nulliparous and three‐quarters were < 25 years of age. All patients with eclampsia had convulsions before admission. Although maternal mortality was 4% in patients with pre‐eclampsia and 0% in those with eclampsia, the fetal mortality rate was 32% in pre‐eclamptic and 60% in eclamptic patients.
Serum specific protein 1 and β‐human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations in patients with suspected ectopic pregnancies
Authors: Sterzik K. , Rosenbusch B. , Benz R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTo determine the predictive value of serum specific protein 1 (SP1) and β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, blood was sampled from 82 patients referred for suspected early extrauterine pregnancies. Serum concentrations of SP1 and β‐hCG were determined by EIA and RIA. All patients with early pregnancies had detectable SP1 and β‐hCG levels. An intrauterine pregnancy was found in six patients, and an ectopic pregnancy was confirmed by surgical explorations in 32 of these women. The remaining 40 women had other non‐pregnancy related complaints. In all pregnant patients, the β‐hCG RIA and SP EIA determinations were also found positive. This study demonstrates the high predictive value of serum SP1 and β‐hCG determinations with an acceptable sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of suspected early ectopic pregnancies. In addition, the practicability and the easy performance of the enzymoimmunometric SP1 determination renders this test superior over the radioimmunoassay for β‐hCG determination.
A needs assessment study of traditional birth attendants in rural Kenya
Authors: Solomon M.M. , Rogo K.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFor several reasons traditional birth attendants (TBAs) still deliver the majority of women in many developing areas of the world. A needs assessment study of TBAs serving one area of Kenya was conducted for the purpose of designing an appropriate intervention program. Thirty‐six TBAs were interviewed. Together, they had attended to a total of 116 deliveries within 1 month. The local hospital was conducting an average of 37 deliveries per month. Although most TBAs were good at abdominal palpation, they did not conduct routine prenatal checks and rarely referred their clients to hospital. Several risky practices were identified from which a training program has been designed. The findings and their implications are discussed within the context of improved MCH/FP services.
Chlamydia trachomatis infections
Authors: Hossain A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe diversity in chlamydial syndromes and their consequences especially the impact on human reproduction and fertility, the asymptomatic characteristics of infections and the ever‐increasing incidence have been the focus of considerable attention in the 1980s. The current status of the clinical spectrum of ocular‐genital infections due to Chlamydia trachomatis and the laboratory tests for accurate, rapid diagnosis and effective treatment are reviewed.
Pharmacokinetics of meperidine in pregnancy
Authors: Todd E.L. , Stafford D.T. , Bucovaz E.T. , Morrison J.C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe disposition of meperidine was studied in 11 term pregnant humans after the administration of a single 50 mg intravenous dose of meperidine through 48 h post‐injection. Half‐lives of the rapid and terminal elimination phases were calculated as 2.3 and 13.3 h, respectively. These values are much greater than previously reported half‐lives which were based on data collected over less than 8 h after injection. An accurate value for t1/2β may be particularly important in sequential dosing of analgesic medication. These pharmacokinetic constants calculated on data collected through 48 h in this study may have important clinical correlates.
Cesarean section — indications and risks in rural Zaire
Authors: Longombe A.O. , Wood P.B. , Dix R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn a retrospective study in rural Zaire, 10.2% of all deliveries were conducted by cesarean section. Common indications were contracted pelvis and uterine dysfunction (37%) and previous cesarean delivery (32%). Compared with normal delivery, mortality was higher after cesarean section. Cesarean section should only be performed by well‐trained personnel and when vaginal delivery is deemed inappropriate.
Recommendations on breastfeeding promotion among pediatricians
Authors: Anand R.K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPediatricians often have to treat the severely ill child whose symptoms could have been prevented by exclusive breastfeeding. Nevertheless quite a few pediatricians continue to pass on inappropriate advice on breastfeeding or lack the commitment to its promotion. This paper lists the obstacles that were encountered in breastfeeding promotion among pediatricians in India and gives 17 recommendations for overcoming them.
Timing of ovulation in spontaneous and induced cycles
Authors: Fedele L. , Brioschi D. , Dorta M. , Parazzini F. , Bocciolone L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe studied 30 spontaneous cycles, 30 cycles induced with clomiphene citrate, and 30 cycles induced with human menopausal gonadotropin‐human chorionic gonadotropin to evaluate the pattern of the following parameters and their predictive value in timing ovulation: basal body temperature; cervical mucus; mean follicular diameter; serum LH and 17‐β‐estradiol; and urinary LH. Compared with the spontaneous cycles, in the cycles induced with clomiphene citrate the cervical score was significantfy lower on the 4 days preceding ovulation, serum LH was higher in the early follicular phase, and serum 17‐β‐estradiol was significantly higher in the pharmacologically treated cycles. The highest predictive values in all groups of cycles were obtained by considering the following combinations of parameters: serum 17‐β‐estradiol and LH concentrations; mean follicular diameter as shown by ultrasonography and urinary LH as determined by a rapid method.
Pregnancy outcome following Wurm's operation: Elective versus emergency
Authors: Gita R. , Dhaliwal L.K. , Gopalan S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWurm's technique for correction of an incompetent os during pregnancy is a simple, but not well recognized procedure. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate this procedure for elective and emergency cases. Pregnancy outcome of 142 patients who underwent Wurm's operation at the Nehru Hospital, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh is presented. Twenty pregnancies resulted in abortion, 47 pregnancies terminated preterm and 75 pregnancies continued beyond 37 weeks. A total of 119 live births yielded a success rate of 83.3%. There were three stillbirths and six infants died during the neonatal period resulting in a fetal salvage of 81%. These results are comparable to those reported for other procedures.
Cervical dilatation with Lamicel in first trimester therapeutic abortion
Authors: Skjeldestad F.E. , Tuveng J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPreoperative treatment with Lamicel tent for first trimester therapeutic abortion was evaluated in an open randomized trial and compared with no treatment. Measured by the lowest Hegar moved through the internal os without resistance, the Lamicel group had significantly higher cervical dilatation than the control group (8.2 mm vs. 5.8 mm; P < 0.001). One perforation was observed in the Lamicel (n = 270) group compared to six in the control group (n = 359) (not significant). There was no difference between the groups in the frequency of readmissions to the hospital. During one year of clinical experience with pretreatment of elective abortion with Lamicel per‐ and postoperative complication rates were not reduced.
Post‐cesarean analgesia using a subcutaneous pethidine infusion
Authors: Gleeson R.P. , Rodwell S. , Shaw R. , Seligman S.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA pethidine infusion administered subcutaneously using a syringe pump was evaluated in 118 women following cesarean section. One hundred three women (87%) were satisfied with their postoperative analgesia. The mean length of infusion was 18.8 h, and the mean total dose of pethidine was 402 mg. Twenty‐seven patients (23%) reported no severe pain postoperatively, the remainder had on average 2.6 h of pain which they described as severe. Of 38 women who had had a previous cesarean section, 19(50%) considered the pump to be an improvement on the analgesia given the previous time. There were no cases of respiratory depression. This mode of analgesia has advantages over conventional intramuscular bolus injections. It was judged acceptable to both patients and ward staff.
Conservative management of an ovarian cyst in late pregnancy
Authors: van Oppen A.C.C. , Holm J.P. , Trimbos J.B. , Kazzas B.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe report a case of concomitant ovarian tumor and pregnancy. Sonographic examination indicated that the tumor was benign and obstructed the birth canal. After conservative treatment (puncture of the cyst), a normal vaginal delivery was possible. Two days after delivery, salpingo‐oophorectomy was performed because of torsion of the cyst. Pathological examination confirmed the benign nature of the cyst.
Maternal and perinatal complications in neurofibromatosis during pregnancy
Authors: Sharma J.B. , Gulati N. , Malik S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA total of ten patients with lesions of neurofibromatosis during pregnancy were followed up for pregnancy complications. Seven cases (70%) had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; four had severe PET (pre‐eclamptic toxemia) including one case of eclampsia, one had mild PET and the other two had only mild gestational hypertension. A total of 60% had preterm labor and in none of these did the baby survive; thus perinatal mortality was 600/1000. Mean gestation was 33.0 weeks and mean birthweight was only 1.924 kg. Thus, neurofibromatosis during pregnancy is associated with poor obstetrical outcome and requires greater care.
Influence of high lead and cadmium soil content on human reproductive outcome
Authors: Laudanski T. , Sipowicz M. , Modzelewski P. , Bolinski J. , Szamatowicz J. , Razniewska G. , Åkerlund M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe influence of lead and cadmium on human reproductive outcome was studied in areas of Eastern Poland with high specific soil contamination with these heavy metals. By personal interviews, information on socioeconomic background factors as well as obstetrical and gynecological histories were obtained from 136 women living in villages with high amounts of lead and cadmium and from 269 women of nearby villages with no increased content of these metals. Physical examination and estimations of blood concentrations of lead and cadmium were also performed in 89 and 175 women from these areas, respectively. In the contaminated areas, there were significantly fewer women with three or more pregnancies (39 vs. 52%) and deliveries at full term (35 vs. 44%) than in nearby villages with normal concentrations of these heavy metals, and the weight of preterm newborns was lower (1930 vs. 2225 g). Furthermore, hypertension was more common (15 vs. 22%) and of higher magnitude (mean blood pressure 140 vs. 129 mmHg) in the study group than in the control women. The mean blood concentrations of lead in the two groups, 675 and 621 μg/dl did not differ statistically, whereas the concentrations of cadmium of 29 and 25 μg/dl were significantly higher in the study than in the control group. There was a significant correlation between cadmium levels and number of preterm deliveries. These results suggest that cadmium and lead could be factors of importance in reproductive outcome.