bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A surgical resection case of myxoma arising from the posterior wall of the left atrium complicated with complete atrioventricular block
Authors: Sakakibara Satoshi , Yamauchi Takashi , Ohmori Takahiro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An 80-year-old female was referred to our institution due to transient right upper limb weakness. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography revealed a tumor in the left atrium. The tumor was attached to the posterior wall of the left atrium near the atrioventricular node. Intraoperative pathological examination revealed that the tumor was a myxoma, and complete resection was successfully performed. However, she experienced persistent complete atrioventricular block postoperatively and required pacemaker implantation.
A Comparative Study of Malicious URL Detection: Regular Expression Analysis, Machine Learning, and VirusTotal API
Authors: Misquitta Jason , K Anusha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, malicious URL detection was done in 3 ways. In the first method, self-written code was used that breaks up the URL into several fragments and then using functions and checkers analyses whether the URL is malicious. The second approach involved utilizing a fixed csv dataset containing website URLs from over 11,000 websites. Each entry in the dataset included 30 parameters describing the website and a class label indicating whether it was classified as a phishing website (1) or not (-1). 9 machine learning models were compared on this dataset to see which models gave the highest accuracy and F1-score. The last method was done using VirusTotal API Key. The user has to input the URL of a website and the code classifies it as malicious or not. A report is also generated if the URL is detected as malicious. The report is a compilation of the analysis of that website by several security vendors.
Causes and treatment of pneumonia in children in Damascus Hospital
Authors: Almouslli Abdullah , Alriz Ali , Khazem Bernard 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Childhood community-acquired pneumonia is an acute infection of the lung parenchyma in a child caused by pathogens acquired outside a hospital, i.e. in the community. It is an important cause of morbidity in developed countries and an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 2 million children under 5 years of age die from pneumonia each year worldwide; The majority of these deaths occur in developing countries, so our study was to increase understanding of the causes and management of pneumonia, in particular in a sample of children in Damascus Hospital in Syria.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a random sample of the files of children admitted to Damascus Hospital Ambulance as an initial diagnosis of pneumonia, in the period between 10/2/2022 and 3/15/2023. The sample included 128 children, ages 28 days and older up to school age.
Results: The study included 128 children, 80 (63%) males, and 48 (38%) females. The children were divided into three categories: infants 74 (58%), children 42 (33%), and school age 12 (9%). The percentage of children who contracted bacterial pneumonia on an asthma basis was (65%). The highest complaint rate was “dyspnea” at 118 (92%), followed by “cough” at 110 (86%), then “fever” at 88 (69%). The antibiotics used in the management of pneumonia were third-generation cephalosporins 94 (58%), followed by macrolides 66 (41%). The largest percentage had a temperature of “less than 38.5” 88 (69%). In listening, “soft purring spread throughout the two areas” was found at 70 (42%), and “massive wheezing” at 30 (18%) was the most common. As for CRP, “0-20” was 62 (48%) for the largest percentage. Hemoglobin on admission was “more than 10” in 82 (64%) patients. The average respiratory movements per minute for most children “more than 40” was 118 (92%).
Conclusion: The results of our study were consistent with the results of previous studies on common causes of pneumonia, symptoms, and results of investigations conducted in children during the period of active disease.
Ausgangspunkt: Bild
Authors: Zöhrer  Marlene 
Published: December 2023

[English title and abstract below]
Als multimodales Medium vereint das Sachbilderbuch die Aufgabe der unterhaltsamen Wissensvermittlung mit der materiellen Beschaffenheit des Bilderbuchs als gestaltetes Artefakt. Abgesehen von wenigen Fixpunkten bewegt sich das aktuelle Sachbilderbuch für Kinder und Jugendliche, das weit mehr ist als nur eine Schnittmenge zweier Buchgattungen, frei zwischen den Polen Faktualität und Fiktionalität. Das Medium nutzt literarästhetische, bildkünstlerische und Darstellungsmodi faktualer Rede gleichermaßen, um zu informieren und zu unterhalten. Der Beitrag skizziert grob die Entwicklung des Sachbilderbuchs und nimmt, daran anschließend, bildkünstlerische Möglichkeiten und Formen der Wissensvermittlung aktueller Sachbilderbücher in den Blick. Exemplarisch werden anhand ausgewählter Beispiele einzelne künstlerische Techniken (Fotografie, gemalte und grafische Bilder) und Bildstile (realistisch bis abstrakt) sowie Ausformungen der Hybridität des Sachbilderbuchs betrachtet. Hierbei geht es um Genreüberschreitungen zwischen den beiden Grundformen (informierend und erzählend) des Sachbuchs, um Mischformen von Deskription und Narration sowie Grenzüberschreitungen zwischen fiktionalem und faktualem Erzählen in Bild und Text.

Starting Point: Image An approach to aesthetics and knowledge transfer in non-fiction picturebooks
The non-fiction picturebook, as a multimodal medium, combines the task of imparting knowledge in an entertaining way with the materiality of the picturebook as a designed artefact. Today’s non-fiction picturebook is far more than the intersection of two book genres; moving freely between the poles of factuality and fictionality, it uses literary, artistic and representational modes of factual language to inform and entertain. This article sketches the development of the non-fiction picturebook and looks at the different forms it utilises to convey knowledge. It examines the artistic techniques (photography, painting and drawing) and pictorial styles (realistic to abstract), as well as forms of hybridity in some recent non-fiction picturebooks. The article focusses on genre transgressions between the two basic forms of non-fiction (informative and narrative), mixed forms of description and narration, and border-crossings between fictional and factual narratives in image and text.
The Intellectual History of Inequality as a Political Issue
Authors: Климова Г.С. , Демиденко С.В. 
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена осмыслению понятия неравенства в призме подходов интеллектуальной истории. В центре исследовательского сюжета находится трансформация явления из проблемы морально-этической в проблему политическую. На основе изучения обширного научного материала сформирован срез ключевых академических представлений об эволюции понятия неравенства и его интерпретациях в различные исторические эпохи. Повышенное внимание уделяется также описанию исторического контекста, особенностям общественной среды (социально-политическим, экономическим), повлиявшим на изменение дискурса. Анализ производился при помощи передовых методов работы с научной информацией, включающих математические и компьютерные технологии.
The article is devoted to the concept of inequality within intellectual history approaches. The research is focused on the transformation of the phenomenon from a moral and ethical problem into a political one. Based on the study of, A section of key academic ideas about the evolution of the concept of inequality and its interpretations in different historical eras has been formed on the basement of the variable sources and data. Special attention is also paid to the description of the historical context, the characteristics of the social environment (socio-political, economic), which influenced the change of the inequality discourse. The analysis was carried out using advanced methods of working with scientific information, including mathematical and computer technologies.
COVID-19 infection in children with cancer in Armenia: report for the whole pandemic period
Authors: Melnichenko I. , Papyan R. , Margaryan Y. , Minasyan E. , Hovhannisyan S. , Minasyan M. , Petrosyan M. , Hambardzumyan L. , Grigoryan H. , Hovsepyan S. , Krmoyan L. , Hakobyan L. , Iskanyan S. , Danielyan S. , Vagharshakyan L. , Azizyan N. , Grigoryan M. , Atoyan S. , Tamamyan G. , Sargsyan L. 
Published: December 2023

Background and aims. Immunocompromised pediatric patients with cancer are more susceptible to experiencing severe COVID-19 infection compared to other children. In a global registry study of childhood cancer with COVID-19, involving 1500 patients, severe of critical infections were detected in 20 % of the cases. The mortality rate of 4 % excelled that of the general pediatric population. Data about the development of COVID-19 complications in children with cancer remains limited and varies across different countries. This study aims to describe the incidence and characteristics of COVID-19 infection in children with cancer in Armenia.Methods. A prospective analysis was conducted on PCR-confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection in children with cancer aged 0–18 years from 2020 to 2022 at the Pediatric Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Armenia, Yeolyan Hematology Center, the only pediatric hematology/ oncology institution in our country.Results. Between June 2020 and March 2022, we studied 201 children with cancer in Armenia, of whom 35 cases of COVID-19 infection were confirmed. The median age was 8.4, and the male/female ratio was 1.3. Among the COVID-19-positive patients, 15 had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 5 had lymphomas, 4 patients had neuroblastoma, and 2 each had medulloblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. There were single cases of osteosarcoma, acute myeloid leukemia and malignant triton tumor. Twenty patients (57 %) were asymptomatic, and the rest presented with fever, sore throat, and cough. Among the patients with hematological malignancies, four developed pneumonia, and two of them experienced cancer progression subsequently. Additionally, four patients had pancytopenia/thrombocytopenia, likely due to the infection with the Omicron in the last three months of the mentioned period. Overall, the incidence of COVID-19 complications was 11 %, and mortality was zero.Conclusion. This is the first nationwide report on COVID-19 in children with cancer in Armenia. The findings indicate lower rates of severe infection and mortality among compared to global estimates. Further studies are emerging to explore these differences.
Prediction of Super-enhancers Based on Mean-shift Undersampling
Authors: Cheng Han , Ding Shumei , Jia Cangzhi 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Super-enhancers are clusters of enhancers defined based on the binding occupancy
of master transcription factors, chromatin regulators, or chromatin marks. It has been reported
that super-enhancers are transcriptionally more active and cell-type-specific than regular enhancers.
Therefore, it is necessary to identify super-enhancers from regular enhancers. A variety of computational
methods have been proposed to identify super-enhancers as auxiliary tools. However, most
methods use ChIP-seq data, and the lack of this part of the data will make the predictor unable to execute
or fail to achieve satisfactory performance.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to propose a stacking computational model based on the fusion of
multiple features to identify super-enhancers in both human and mouse species.

Methods:
This work adopted mean-shift to cluster majority class samples and selected four sets of
balanced datasets for mouse and three sets of balanced datasets for human to train the stacking model.
Five types of sequence information are used as input to the XGBoost classifier, and the average
value of the probability outputs from each classifier is designed as the final classification result.

Results:
The results of 10-fold cross-validation and cross-cell-line validation prove that our method
has superior performance compared to other existing methods. The source code and datasets are
available at https://github.com/Cheng-Han-max/SE_voting.

Conclusion:
The analysis of feature importance indicates that Mismatch accounts for the highest
proportion among the top 20 important features.
COVID-19 Vaccine Practices and Perceptions Among an Academic
Healthcare Community
Authors: Prasad Samiksha , Wahood Waseem , Rodriguez Darisel Ventura , Chase Amanda J. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the
SARS-CoV-2 virus. The COVID-19 pandemic served as a driving force for the evaluation of nextgeneration
vaccine technology platforms through novel paradigms to accelerate vaccine development
and administration. However, vaccine acceptance is influenced by many factors, including social influences
and community-based interventions.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination climate
on an academic health professions community of students, faculty, and staff.

Methods:
An anonymous, 29-item survey was developed with questions pertaining to demographics,
COVID-19 infection, vaccine practices and hesitancy. A total of 583 students, faculty, and staff from
multiple health professions at a single academic institution completed the survey.

Results:
A higher number of students agreed that they “feel socially pressured to get the COVID-19
vaccine” as compared to faculty/staff (39.3% vs. 18.2%, p<0.001). In addition, a lower number of students
agreed that “the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks” compared to faculty/staff (85.9% vs.
92.8%, p=0.039). Moreover, a lower number of students disagreed with the statement “healthcare
workers/students should have the right to refuse the COVID-19 vaccine that is required by their employer/
institution” compared to faculty/staff (40.2% vs. 68.9%, p<0.001). These were among 11 of the
statistically divergent responses that gaged vaccine hesitancy.

Conclusion:
This study provides insight into the perceptions of vaccines from students, faculty, and
staff within an interprofessional healthcare community and highlights the need for vaccine education
early in health professions curricula.
Risk factors for pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis in obese patients
Authors: Kovalska I. , Dronov O. , Ivanets T. , Roshchyna L. 
Published: December 2023

Background. Acute pancreatitis is an aseptic inflammation of the pancreas with diverse complications and further development of necrosis of the gland, parapancreatic tissue and possible addition of secondary infection. A significant number of biochemical markers that can be predictors of pancreatitis complications are still being researched. However, most of them are expensive and their indicators are increased only in the first 24–48 hours after the onset of the disease, so they are not used in daily clinical routine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors that indicate an elevated risk of necrosis in acute severe pancreatitis. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 80 patients with acute pancreatitis was performed via creation of a multivariate logistic regression model. Results. The dependence of the risk of pancreatic necrosis on the following factor signs was found: lipase at the onset of the disease (cut-off value = 599.6 U/l, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (АUС) = 0.72 (95% confidence interval (СІ) 0.57–0.88)), severity of the disease, fibrinogen on day 3 of the disease (cut-off value = 9.7, АUС = 0.65 (95% СІ 0.48–0.81)), C-reactive protein (cut-off value = 175.7 mg/L, AUC = 0.70 (95% CI 0.54–0.86)), and intra-abdominal mean capillary perfusion pressure on the first day of the disease (cut-off value ≤ 63.3 mm Hg, АUС = 0.88 (95% СІ 0.77–0.99)). The autopsy results revealed the presence of necrosis and microthrombosis of the pancreas. Conclusions. Factors that may indicate an increased risk of pancreatic necrosis were high levels of lipase, fibrinogen on the third day of the disease, C-reactive protein, decreased intra-abdominal mean capillary perfusion pressure, severity of the disease, and the presence of portosplenomesentric thrombosis.
Ultrasound and demographic predictors of papillary thyroid cancer local metastasis at the preoperative stage: a predictive model
Authors: Lishchynsky P.O. , Tovkai O.A. 
Published: December 2023

Background. Due to the low sensitivity and specificity of neck ultrasound in the evaluation of the central lymph nodes, it is necessary to find alternative ways to predict central lymph node metastases in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The purpose of the study is to develop a prognostic model for assessing the risk of local metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer based on preoperative ultrasound and demographic predictors. Materials and methods. A retrospective monocenter cohort study was conducted. The data of 401 patients who underwent surgery for PTC were processed. The main group included 179 patients in whom central lymph node metastases were detected during histopathological examination. The comparison group consisted of 222 patients without metastases according to the results of histopathological examination. When conducting the analysis, the following signs were considered as risk factors: subcapsular location of the tumor; size; blurred boundaries; the presence of calcification areas (microcalcifications); age of a patient. Inclusion criteria: PTC that was cytologically confirmed at the preoperative stage; surgeries (thyroidectomy/hemithyroidectomy and central neck lymph node dissection). Exclusion criteria: history of neck surgery; multifocal lesions of the thyroid gland. Results. The following logistic equation was obtained using the StatPlus program: y = –1.839 – 0.037 × X1 + 0.097 × X2 + 1.123 × X3 + 1.198 × X4 + + 0.692 × X5, where X1, X2, X3, X4, X5 are age (years), size (mm), subcapsular location (presence), blurred boundaries (presence), calcifications (presence), respectively. The obtained prognostic model provided the following operational characteristics when specifying the threshold value for P, which is equal to 0.44 (the decisive rule X > T): sensitivity — 75.4 %, specificity — 79.3 %, diagnostic efficiency — 75.1 %. To assess the quality of the model, the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. The following data were obtained: area under the ROC curve = 0.797 (95% confidence interval: 0.753–0.841), which corresponds to the good quality of the model, and Youden index J = 0.5155. Checking the quality of the model on a control group of 100 people gave the following results: sensitivity — 72.2 %, specificity — 76.1 %, diagnostic efficiency — 75.8 %. Conclusions. The application of a prognostic model based on ultrasound data and the patient’s age makes it possible to predict the presence of local metastases of the PTC at the preoperative stage with a diagnostic efficiency of 75.8 %. No prognostic model gives 100% prediction accuracy. When choosing the treatment, additional influencing factors (history of radiation exposure, burdened family history, etc.) for a specific patient should be considered.
The course of arterial hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes after surgical treatment of carotid artery stenotic lesions
Authors: O.Z. Didenko , I.I. Kobza , R.Ya. Dutka , I.S. Dronyk , N.V. Chmyr 
Published: December 2023

Background. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the cause of 70–75 % of strokes. Atherosclerotic lesion of the carotid artery (CA) is a classic example of a vascular lesion in individuals with hypertension. The risk of stroke increases twice when hypertension and diabetes are combined. Carotid endarterectomy (CA), which has both a curative and preventive nature, is the main method of surgical treatment of CA stenoses. The purpose was to study the course of blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes and without it after CE. Materials and methods. 138 patients with arterial hypertension and CA stenosis were selected for the purpose of CE under local anesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups: 68 patients with type 2 diabetes (group I) and 70 patients without diabetes (group II). The median age of patients in group I was 64 [50–71] years, group II — 63.5 [47–68] years. Daily blood pressure monitoring (BPD) was performed 2 days before surgery (1 examination), 5–7 days after surgery (2 examinations) and 3–6 months after CE (3 examinations). The average indicators of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) per day, day, and night were evaluated; average pulse blood pressure (BP); variability of SBP and DBP per day, day, night. Results. Before the operation, group I, in contrast to group II, recorded significantly higher indicators: SATdb (p = 0.02), SATd (p = 0.03), SATn (p = 0.01), DBTn (p < 0, 05), PAT (p = 0.03), varDATdb (p = 0.03), varSATd (p = 0.03), varDATn (p = 0.04). During the second examination in group II, significantly more significant dynamics of DMAT indicators were noted: SATdb (p = 0.002), SATd (p = 0.02), DAPdb (p = 0.002), DAPd (p = 0.01), DAPn (p = 0.03), varSATn (p < 0.04), varDATn (p < 0.05), varSATdb (p = 0.0002), varDATdb (p = 0.0001). The dynamics of PAT and midnight SAT were insignificant. 3 months after KE, all mean values of SBP and DBP, as well as PAT, decreased significantly in patients of group II. The expressiveness of changes in SBP indicators during the day, day and night, as well as indicators of SBP variability in group II was more significant. During the third examination, the proportion of patients with a "dipper" circadian rhythm increased in the two groups (p < 0.05). In group II, the proportion of patients with an unfavorable type of daily profile "over-dipper" significantly decreased (p < 0.001), which did not occur in group I. Conclusions. Surgical treatment of carotid stenoses in patients with and without type 2 diabetes is associated with a decrease in blood pressure in the early postoperative period and is observed for several months after the operation.
Pengaruh Pola Asuh Terhadap Pemerolehan Bahasa Pada Anak Usia Tiga Tahun
Authors: Sintya Nur Alifah  , Umardi Sifana 
Published: December 2023

Lingkungan keluarga merupakan faktor penting dalam proses pemerolehan bahasa. Pola asuh orang tua menjadi bagian utama dari lingkungan keluarga yang dapat memberikan dampak langsung terhadap pemerolehan bahasa pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemerolehan bahasa pada anak usia dini tiga tahun. penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskripsi kualitatif. subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak usia tiga tahun. pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik simak catat. analisis data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak usia tiga tahun dengan pola asuh dibatasi penggunaan gawai dan tidak dibatasi waktu bermainnya, pemerolehan bahasa cenderung lancar dan terhambat. sedangkan yang tidak dibatasi penggunaan gawai dan dibatasi waktu bermainnya, pemerolehan bahasa cenderung terhambat.