bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between adult patients’ family members and nursing staff on a hospital ward
Authors: Åstedt‐Kurki Päivi , Paavilainen Eija , Tammentie Tarja , Paunonen‐Ilmonen Marita 
Published: March 2003

Interaction between adult patients’ family members and nursing staff on a hospital ward The purpose of this study was to generate knowledge of the interaction between an adult patient’s family members and nursing staff from the staff’s perspective.Data were collected from nursing staff (n=155) working on the wards and out‐patient departments for pulmonary, rheumatic, neurological and gastroenterological diseases at a university hospital by using a new questionnaire based on earlier research and the literature. The questions explored the staff’s views of interaction with the adult patient’s family members. In this study, interaction is seen as an umbrella concept which encompasses giving information to relatives, discussion, contacts between staff and significant others and working together. The instrument included questions about personal and telephone discussions, the provision of written instructions and factors facilitating and complicating interaction. The response rate was 55%. The data were analysed using SPSS software and examined using frequency and percentage distributions and cross‐tabulation. The open‐ended questions were analysed using qualitative content analysis by reducing, grouping and abstracting the data inductively.Discussions with relatives while they visited the patient in hospital were the commonest form of interaction. The majority of respondents perceived the interaction with the patient and knowing his or her family members as important. Less than one‐fourth of the respondents started discussion with family members, while the majority expected family members to initiate interaction. The majority of respondents perceived the patient’s presence in discussion as important, but sometimes they thought it was necessary to discuss with family members without the patient. The staff discussed with family members mainly in the ward office or in patient rooms, which were, however, not perceived as peaceful. Discussions primarily pertained to the patient’s condition, discharge from hospital and planning of continued treatment.The majority of respondents reported that the opportunity for discussion offered by staff, the patient’s positive attitude towards discussion with the family and family members’ own interest facilitated interaction. The staff’s haste and shift‐work, family members’ shyness of approaching the staff and the absence of a peaceful place for discussion serve to complicate interaction.Family members are primarily seen as informants and recipients of information. The staff’s ability to recognize the importance of family members to successful patient care is relatively adequate. However, insufficient attention is paid to family members and their need for support.
Active learning of geriatric rehabilitation: deliberations of an undergraduate occupational therapy programme
Authors: Chung Jenny C.C. 
Published: March 2003

Active learning of geriatric rehabilitation: deliberations of an undergraduate occupational therapy programme Occupational therapists working in geriatric rehabilitation must possess skills of self‐directed learning and critical thinking, but conventional teaching–learning strategies are limited in acquiring the said skills. This action research aimed at developing in students an ability for active learning and problem solving. An inquiry‐based learning (IBL) methodology was introduced to two geriatric‐related subjects of an undergraduate occupational therapy (OT) programme. Students worked on four real‐life problems in tutorials and participated in service learning. Lectures were carefully structured to consolidate theoretical knowledge generated from the problems. This study was evaluated qualitatively through interviews of both students and clinical educators, and reflective journals. Students found the problems and service learning stimulating enough to encourage active learning and develop basic study skills. Likewise, clinical educators noted students to be more competent when working with geriatric clients than former students who learned through a conventional curriculum. However, the IBL methodology was stressful in areas related to consistency of teaching–learning strategies across curriculum, workload and time constraints. Curriculum review, development of resource files and provision of systematic support are some of the recommendations to the challenges encountered. To conclude, the IBL approach provides appropriate learning environments that foster in students a self‐directed learning attitude in the study of geriatric rehabilitation.
The accuracy of patient records in Swedish nursing homes: congruence of record content and nurses’ and patients’ descriptions
Authors: Ehrenberg Anna , Ehnfors Margareta 
Published: March 2003

The accuracy of patient records in Swedish nursing homes: congruence of record content and nurses’ and patients’ descriptions Data from patient records will increasingly be used for care planning, quality assessment, research, health planning and allocation of resources. Knowledge about the accuracy of such secondary data, however, is limited and only a few studies have been conducted on the accuracy of nursing recording. The aim of this study was to analyse the concordance between the nursing documentation in nursing homes and descriptions of some specific problems of nurses and patients. Comparisons were made between wards where nurses had received training in structured recording based on the nursing process (study group) and wards where no intervention had taken place (reference group). Data were collected from the patient records of randomly selected nursing home residents (n=85). The methods used were audits of patient records and structured interviews with residents and nurses. The study revealed considerable deficiencies in the accuracy of the patient records when the records were compared with the reports from nurses and residents. The overall agreement between the interview data from nurses and from the patient records was low. Concordance was better in the study group as compared with the reference group in which the recorded data were structured only following chronological order. The study unequivocally demonstrates that there are major limitations in using records as a data source for the evaluation, planning and development of care.
Professional carers' struggle to be confirmed. Narratives within the care of the elderly and disabled
Authors: Forsgärde Marianne , Westman Berith , Jansson Lilian 
Published: March 2003

Professional carers' struggle to be confirmed. Narratives within the care of the elderly and disabled Twenty‐seven members of staff working in special types of housing in Sweden narrated 95 narratives about their experience of being in problematic situations during the working day. The narratives were interpreted using a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach inspired by the philosophy of Ricoeur. The narratives mainly concerned interactions with colleagues and very few narratives concerned interactions with residents and relatives. On the relationship level of communication there is evidence that many interactions among the staff, residents and relatives were of a receptive and disconfirming nature. The results indicate that the staff feel lonely, and struggled to maintain self‐esteem and to be confirmed.
Colour perception among the very elderly related to visual and cognitive function
Authors: Wijk Helle , Berg Stig , Bergman Birgitta , Hanson Anne Börjesson , Sivik Lars , Steen Bertil 
Published: March 2003

Colour perception among the very elderly related to visual and cognitive function Colour perception was studied among a representative sample of 95‐year olds and compared with previously examined 80‐year olds and a group with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mean age of 80 years. The 95‐year olds' results were on a significantly lower level than the other two groups but showed a similar pattern as to colour ‐discrimination, ‐naming, ‐preferences and colour/form recognition. Visual function among 95‐year olds had only minor influence on their result in contrast to cognitive function which had a more profound impact. Most interestingly though, the subjects with Alzheimer's diagnosis, younger than the 95‐year olds but with a conclusive diagnosis of dementia, performed on an overall higher level than the 95‐year olds. This advantage for the Alzheimer group remained even when compared with a sub sample of the 95‐year olds with possible dementia diagnosis excluded. On the other hand, only including 95‐year olds with a Mini Mental Examination score of >26 in comparison with the Alzheimer group made the differences between the two groups disappear. It is suggested that colour perception as measured in this study is well preserved throughout life. The overall lower colour perception ability in 95‐year olds compared with both 80‐year olds and subjects with AD may be an expression of the complexity of very high age rather than any isolated concomitant factor.
Normal oral, rectal, tympanic and axillary body temperature in adult men and women: a systematic literature review
Authors: Sund‐Levander Märtha , Forsberg Christina , Wahren Lis Karin 
Published: March 2003

Normal oral, rectal, tympanic and axillary body temperature in adult men and women: a systematic literature review The purpose of this study was to investigate normal body temperature in adult men and women. A systematic review of data was performed. Searches were carried out in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and manually from identified articles reference lists. Studies from 1935 to 1999 were included. Articles were classified as (1) strong, (2) fairly strong and (3) weak evidence. When summarizing studies with strong or fairly strong evidence the range for oral temperature was 33.2–38.2 °C, rectal: 34.4–37.8 °C, tympanic: 35.4– 37.8 °C and axillary: 35.5–37.0 °C. The range in oral temperature for men and women, respectively, was 35.7–37.7 and 33.2–38.1 °C, in rectal 36.7–37.5 and 36.8–37.1 °C, and in tympanic 35.5–37.5 and 35.7–37.5 °C. The ranges of normal body temperature need to be adjusted, especially for the lower values. When assessing body temperature it is important to take place of measurement and gender into consideration. Studies with random samples are needed to confirm the range of normal body temperature with respect to gender and age.
Trinucleotide repeat microsatellite markers for black poplar (Populus nigra L.)
Authors: Smulders M. J. M. , Van Der Schoot J. , Arens P. , Vosman B. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractUsing an enrichment procedure, we have cloned microsatellite repeats from black poplar (Populus nigra L.) and developed primers for microsatellite marker analysis. Ten primer pairs, mostly for trinucleotide repeats, produced polymorphic fragments in P. nigra. Some of them also showed amplification in other poplar species. (P. deltoides, P. tricocarpa, P. tremula, P. tremuloides, P. candicans, P. lasiocarpa). The best six loci were tested on 23 P. nigra genotypes collected across Europe. The microsatellites produced up to 12 alleles per locus in this set, with observed heterozygosity between 0.32 and 0.91.
Microsatellite allele ladders in two species of Pacific salmon: preparation and field‐test results
Authors: LaHood Eric S. , Moran Paul , Olsen Jeffery , Grant W. Stewart , Park Linda K. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTo support microsatellite data communication, we have developed a convenient method for creating locus‐specific microsatellite allele ladders used to align data from different laboratories. The ladders were constructed by pooling polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products to create a template for amplification. Four ladders were field‐tested in six different laboratories using different genotyping platforms. Despite substantial differences in absolute size estimates of DNA fragments, each laboratory correctly scored unknown sample genotypes according to the ladder designations. The results indicate that our simple preparation method provides reliable allele ladders in a time‐efficient manner for verifying microsatellite genotypes across platforms.
Polymorphic microsatellite markers for the Socotran endemic herb Begonia socotrana
Authors: Hughes M. , Russell J. , Hollingsworth P. M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSix polymorphic microsatellite markers have been developed to examine population structure and outcrossing rates in the narrow‐range endemic Begonia socotrana. Only two of the markers amplify products in its recently discovered sister species B. samhaensis. All of the loci amplify in winter‐flowering Begonia hybrids derived from B. socotrana, revealing little polymorphism and demonstrating the narrow genetic base of the material used in their production.
Characterization of nine polymorphic microsatellite loci in the fungus Botrytis cinerea (Ascomycota)
Authors: Fournier E. , Giraud T. , Loiseau A. , Vautrin D. , Estoup A. , Solignac M. , Cornuet J. M. , Brygoo Y. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractNine microsatellite markers were characterized in the fungus Botrytis cinerea. Genomic DNA sequences from the partial sequencing of 12 000 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, were screened by BLAST for various microsatellite motives, and primer pairs were designed. Cross‐amplification and polymorphism were assessed on 49 isolates from B. cinerea and two related species, collected from natural populations on several plants and locations.
Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellites in olive (Olea europaea L.) and their transferability to other genera in the Oleaceae
Authors: De La Rosa R. , James C. M. , Tobutt K. R. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSeven polymorphic microsatellites were developed in olive. Six of them came from a genomic library enriched for GA and CA repeat sequences. They showed single locus polymorphism in a set of 23 olive cultivars (from six to nine alleles per locus). Three different pairs of loci were sufficient to discriminate all cultivars. The other polymorphic primer pair was designed from a published sequence for olive lupeol sgutase and revealed just two alleles. The seven primer pairs were tested on two accessions of five other species of the Oleaceae and three, EMO2, EMO13 and EMO90, revealed polymorphism in two, four and three species, respectively.
Polymorphic microsatellites in a mangrove species, Rhizophora mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae)
Authors: Rosero‐Galindo C. , Gaitan‐Solis E. , Cárdenas‐Henao H. , Tohme J. , Toro‐Perea N. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwenty‐six microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from the mangrove species Rhizophora mangle using (GT)n and (CT)n repeats. Eighty‐four per cent of the clones contained microsatellite sequences; the most common dinucleotides were the (GA/CT) and (CA/GT) repeats. Ten primers were selected to investigate the polymorphism among individuals of R. mangle from two natural populations of the Colombian Pacific Coast. The observed heterozygosity per locus varied from 0.20 to 0.80, the power of discrimination was 0.32–0.84 and the power of exclusion was 0.03–0.75. This set of microsatellites offers an efficient tool for population genetics studies on this species.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the Bang's leaf‐nosed bat Hipposideros turpis
Authors: Echenique‐Diaz Lazaro M. , Yokoyama Jun , Kawata Masakado , Abe Syuiti , Ishibashi Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe Bang's leaf‐nose bat, Hipposideros turpis, is an endangered cave‐dwelling species inhabiting the southwesternmost islands of Japan. We isolated six dinucleotide microsatellite markers from the partial genomic library of the bat, and examined their allelic variation using a sample (N = 33) from the largest colony in Japan. All the loci showed a moderate allelic variation ranging from two to eight alleles, with the observed heterozygosities from 0.33 to 0.73, and conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectations. The present microsatellite markers will be useful in assessing population genetic structure and gene flow among populations of this species.
aflpop: a computer program for simulated and real population allocation, based on AFLP data
Authors: Duchesne Pierre , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: March 2003

Abstract aflpop
is a population allocation and simulator program based on amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. The allocation method is an adaptation of Paetkau's method for co‐dominant alleles. Besides population allocation of specimens of unknown origin, re‐allocation of sample genotypes, as well as allocation of artificial (Monte Carlo) specimens, may be run to estimate expected rates of correct allocations. Thanks to its embodied simulator,
aflpop
can provide information on the rates and types of incorrect allocations and on empirical distributions of likelihood statistics. A filtering procedure within
aflpop allows the selection of loci according to user‐defined criteria.
Isolation of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the net‐spinning caddisfly, Polycentropus flavomaculatus (Polycentropodidae)
Authors: Dawson Deborah A. , Wilcock Helen R. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe have isolated eight polymorphic loci for the caddisfly, Polycentropus flavomaculatus. The application of these markers will allow us to define the genetic population structure of this species and, with complementary ecological work, will enable quantification of its dispersal ability and colonization potential.
Development and characterization of novel microsatellite markers in the Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica)
Authors: Singh A. , Shailaja K. , Gaur A. , Singh L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAll cat species, except domestic cats, are either threatened or endangered. The Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica), a critically endangered species, is driven to a single habitat zone in Gir forests in India for its survival. The present status of this big cat compels us to acquire deeper knowledge of its genetic variability and phylogenetic relationships. Here we report the isolation of highly polymorphic microsatellite loci from a partial genomic library of the Asiatic lion. These loci were characterized and have shown high levels of variation ranging from six to 11 alleles per locus in the population studied.
Cross‐amplification tests of ungulate primers in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) to develop a multiplex panel of 12 microsatellite loci
Authors: Galan M. , Cosson J. F. , Aulagnier S. , Maillard J. C. , Thévenon S. , Hewison A. J. M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractCross‐amplification permits transposition of microsatellite markers to closely related species. Multiplexing reduces time and cost further, exploiting simultaneous amplification of several primers. In cross‐amplification tests of 55 ungulate primers in roe deer, 39 gave specific amplification products and 20 were polymorphic. Twelve primers were retained to form a multiplex kit. In 30 roe deer, average allelic diversity was 5.67 (range: 2–15), expected heterozygosity was 0.664 and mean polymorphic information content (PIC) value was 0.605. Probability of identity was PID= 5 × 10−11 and probability of exclusion for parentage studies was PE1 = 0.98856 and PE2 = 0.99952.
Bulimia and anorexia nervosa: cutaneous manifestations
Authors: Strumia Renata 
Published: March 2003

Summary Bulimia and anorexia nervosa (BN, AN) are considered psychiatric disorders that have physical complications. Several factors may play a role in the onset of AN and BN, including a familial predisposition to these disorders, as well as individual personality characteristics. Dissatisfaction with body shape and an overwhelming desire to be thin are considered as risk factors for the development of eating disorders.Skin changes are characteristic and are cardinal diagnostic symptoms and pointers to the diagnosis of eating disorders. They are a consequence of starvation and/or malnutrition, self‐induced vomiting, drug consumption and concomitant psychiatric illness.A careful examination of the skin can suggest a diagnosis of eating disorder. Cosmetic dermatologists, whose patients are mostly women, have a unique opportunity to detect these signs. This is very important as an early diagnosis will influence prognosis.
A2. Cytotoxic effects of a mixture of isothiazolinones on normal human keratinocytes: in vitro induction of apoptosis vs. necrosis
Authors: Andreassi M , Ettorre A , Anselmi C , Stanghellini E , Tavarini S , Mariotti G , Andreassi L , Neri P , Di Stefano A 
Published: March 2003

The most widely used preservative in cosmetic creams, lotions and detergents is a mixture of isothiazolinones: 5‐chloro‐2‐methyl‐4‐isothiazolin‐3‐one (CMI) and 2‐methyl‐4‐isothiazolin‐3‐one (MI) in an approximate ratio of 3 : 1. We have reported for the first time in a recent study that CMI & MI modulates the apoptotic machinery by caspase‐dependent mechanism in HL60, human leukaemia cells, commonly used as a cell model for the classical markers of apoptosis. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether this mixture of isothiazolinones can induce in vitro necrosis or apoptosis in normal human keratinocytes (NHK).We tested CMI/MI at different concentrations (0.001–0.1%) and at different times (within 6 h), after brief application to NHK (10 min). Using the MTT test, we found that CMI & MI exerts toxic effects on NHK, although at a lesser degree than in HL60, suggesting that tumour cells may be more sensitive than normal cells. Moreover our results have shown that, as in HL60, the mode of cell death was dose‐ and time‐dependent: necrosis occurred at the highest concentration (0.1%) and apoptosis at lower concentrations (0.01–0.05%), as documented by cytofluorimetric analysis (annexin‐V binding, subdiploid DNA content, Rhodamine 123 uptake and change in the amount of Fas antigen expression). Finally we found an enhanced expression of Fas antigen on NHK surface, which suggests that the apoptosis triggered by CMI & MI seems to be mediated by Fas/FasL system.Our results demonstrate that the evaluation of apoptotic mechanisms can be a suitable parameter to study potential toxic agents on normal cells such as NHK.
Facial lipoatrophy secondary to a new synthetic filler device (Profill) treated by lipofilling
Authors: André Pierre 
Published: March 2003

Summary Background  Facial lipoatrophies are rare, disfiguring syndromes requiring correction. Lipofilling is an ‘ecological’ treatment that does not carry any risk of allergy.Aim  To demonstrate efficacy of this technique in facial lipoatrophy.Results  This technique was used in four patients suffering from lipoatrophy secondary to the injection of a new filler device (Profill). The technique and results are described. After three procedures, there was more than 70% improvement (with a mean follow‐up period of one year).Conclusion  These particular lipoatrophies are improved by lipofilling. This technique is particularly relevant in treating patients who have shown signs of trauma following filling procedures using allogenic materials.