bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomic nomogram for discriminating parotid pleomorphic adenoma from parotid adenolymphoma based on grayscale ultrasonography
Authors: Mao Yi , Jiang LiPing , Wang Jing-Ling , Chen Fang-Qun , Zhang Wie-Ping , Liu Zhi-Xing , Li Chen 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesTo differentiate parotid pleomorphic adenoma (PA) from adenolymphoma (AL) using radiomics of grayscale ultrasonography in combination with clinical features.MethodsThis retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical and radiographic characteristics of 162 cases from December 2019 to March 2023. The study population consisted of a training cohort of 113 patients and a validation cohort of 49 patients. Grayscale ultrasonography was processed using ITP-Snap software and Python to delineate regions of interest (ROIs) and extract radiomic features. Univariate analysis, Spearman’s correlation, greedy recursive elimination strategy, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) correlation were employed to select relevant radiographic features. Subsequently, eight machine learning methods (LR, SVM, KNN, RandomForest, ExtraTrees, XGBoost, LightGBM, and MLP) were employed to build a quantitative radiomic model using the selected features. A radiomic nomogram was developed through the utilization of multivariate logistic regression analysis, integrating both clinical and radiomic data. The accuracy of the nomogram was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, calibration, decision curve analysis (DCA), and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test.ResultsTo differentiate PA from AL, the radiomic model using SVM showed optimal discriminatory ability (accuracy = 0.929 and 0.857, sensitivity = 0.946 and 0.800, specificity = 0.921 and 0.897, positive predictive value = 0.854 and 0.842, and negative predictive value = 0.972 and 0.867 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively). A nomogram incorporating rad-Signature and clinical features achieved an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.983 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.965–1) and 0.910 (95% CI: 0.830–0.990) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram and radiomic model outperformed the clinical-factor model in terms of clinical usefulness.ConclusionA nomogram based on grayscale ultrasonic radiomics and clinical features served as a non-invasive tool capable of differentiating PA and AL.
Regional anesthesia for pain control in children with solid tumors—a review of case reports
Authors: Baizhanova Aliya , Zhailauova Azhar , Sazonov Vitaliy 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAround seventy percent of all childhood cancer patients suffer from severe pain. This pain can arise from various sources, including tumors themselves, pain caused by metastasizing tumor cells or as the outcome of therapy meant to deal with tumors. If managed inadequately, such pain can lead to many hazardous sequelae. However, there are extreme cases when pain does not respond to standard treatment. For such cases, regional anesthesia or nerve blocks are utilized as the utmost pain control measure. Blocks are used to treat pain in patients who no longer respond to conventional opioid-based treatment or whose worsened condition makes it impossible to receive any other therapy. The data regarding the use of regional anesthesia for such cases in the children population is limited.MethodsFor this review we searched for case reports in Scopus and PubMed from inception to 2023. The descriptive search items included terms related to childhood cancer and the description of each block. The inclusion criteria for review include children (0-18 years old) receiving oncology-related surgical procedures or palliative care. The data collection was limited to solid tumor-related cases only. We analyzed a total of 38 studies that included case reports and one retrospective study.Results and discussionIt was concluded that nerve blocks, although rarely performed, are a safe and efficient way of pain control in children with solid tumors. The major settings for block performance are postoperative pain control and palliative care. We observed that block indication and its outcomes depend on unique health circumstances in which they should be performed. Patients with similar diagnoses had differing outcomes while receiving the same block treatment.
Comparative efficiency and safety of potassium competitive acid blockers versus Lansoprazole in peptic ulcer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Yongqi , Xu Hongyan , Zhang Zhihuan , Zhou Zhihang , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2024

Background: Lansoprazole, a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), is the primary therapy for peptic ulcers (PU). Potassium competitive acid blockers (P-CAB) offer an alternative for acid suppression. However, the efficacy and safety of P-CABs versus lansoprazole in the management of PU has not been evaluated.Methods: Five databases were searched for randomized clinical trials in English until 31 August 2023. Data extraction provided outcome counts for ulcer healing, recurrent NSAID-related ulcer, and adverse events. The pooled effect, presented as rate difference (RD), was stratified by ulcer location, follow-up time, and the types of P-CAB, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: The pooled healing rates of peptic ulcers were 95.3% (1,100/1,154) and 95.0% (945/995) for P-CABs and lansoprazole, respectively (RD: 0.4%, 95% CI: −1.4%–2.3%). The lower bounds of the 95% CI fell within the predefined non-inferiority margin of −6%. In subgroup analyses base on ulcer location, and follow-up time also demonstrated non-inferiority. The drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) did not differ significantly among groups (RR: 0.997, 95% CI: 0.949–1.046, p = 0.893). However, P-CAB treatment was associated with an increased risk of the serious adverse events compared to lansoprazole (RR: 1.325, 95% CI: 1.005–1.747, p = 0.046).Conclusion: P-CABs demonstrated non-inferiority to lansoprazole in the management of peptic ulcer. The safety and tolerability profile are comparable, with similar TEAEs rates. However, P-CABs appear to have a higher risk of serious adverse events.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=458361 Identifier: PROSPERO (No. CRD42023458361).
Utilizing multimodal mass spectrometry imaging for profiling immune cell composition and N-glycosylation across colorectal carcinoma disease progression
Authors: Young Lyndsay E. A. , Nietert Paul J. , Stubler Rachel , Kittrell Caroline G. , Grimsley Grace , Lewin David N. , Mehta Anand S. , Hajar Chadi , Wang Katherine , O’Quinn Elizabeth C. , Angel Peggi M. , Wallace Kristin , Drake Richard R. 
Published: January 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as a leading cause of death worldwide, often arising from specific genetic mutations, progressing from pre-cancerous adenomas to adenocarcinomas. Early detection through regular screening can result in a 90% 5-year survival rate for patients. However, unfortunately, only a fraction of CRC cases are identified at pre-invasive stages, allowing progression to occur silently over 10–15 years. The intricate interplay between the immune system and tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the progression of CRC. Immune cell clusters can either inhibit or facilitate tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. To gain a better understanding of this relationship, we conducted N-glycomic profiling using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). We detected nearly 100 N-glycan species across all samples, revealing a shift in N-glycome profiles from normal to cancerous tissues, marked by a decrease in high mannose N-glycans. Further analysis of precancerous to invasive carcinomas showed an increase in pauci-mannose biantennary, and tetraantennary N-glycans with disease progression. Moreover, a distinct stratification in the N-glycome profile was observed between non-mucinous and mucinous CRC tissues, driven by pauci-mannose, high mannose, and bisecting N-glycans. Notably, we identified immune clusters of CD20+ B cells and CD3/CD44+ T cells distinctive and predictive with signature profiles of bisecting and branched N-glycans. These spatial N-glycan profiles offer potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets throughout the progression of CRC.
Cholinesterase inhibitors-associated torsade de pointes/QT prolongation: a real-world pharmacovigilance study
Authors: Zhang Ni , Gan Lanlan , Xiang Guiyuan , Xu Jing , Jiang Tingting , Li Yanping , Wu Yuanlin , Ni Rui , Liu Yao 
Published: January 2024

Objective: Cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEIs) is the first-line drug for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Understanding torsade de pointes (TdP)/QT prolongation with different ChEIs is essential for its safe and rational administration. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between different ChEIs and TdP/QT prolongation.Methods: All ChEIs related TdP/QT prolongation cases were retrieved from the FAERS database using standard MedDRA query (SMQ) from the first quarter of 2004 to the third quarter of 2022. Disproportionality and sensitivity analysis were used to determine the signal of TdP/QT prolongation related to ChEIs.Results: 557 cases of TdP/QT prolongation related to 3 ChEIs were searched by SMQ. The patients were mostly elderly people, with markedly more female than male. The signals of TdP/QT prolongation for ChEIs were detected by disproportionality analysis, and the signal of Donepezil was the strongest. The sensitivity analysis results indicate a robust and stable correlation between these signals with ChEIs. TdP/QT prolongation usually occurs within 1 month after taking ChEIs. The drug with the highest frequency of combination with donepezil and galantamine is citalopram, and the drug with the highest frequency of combination with rivastigmine is atorvastatin.Conclusion: The signals of TdP/QT prolongation related to ChEIs were strong and stable. It is necessary to be vigilant about the TdP/QT prolongation of various ChEIs, especially in elderly women, the initial stage after taking ChEIs, and when ChEIs combining with drugs that could prolong the QT interval.
Gaining new understanding of sarcomere length non-uniformities in skeletal muscles
Authors: Li Meng , Leonard T. R. , Han S. W. , Moo E. K. , Herzog W. 
Published: January 2024

Sarcomere lengths are non-uniform on all structural levels of mammalian skeletal muscle. These non-uniformities have been associated with a variety of mechanical properties, including residual force enhancement and depression, creep, increased force capacity, and extension of the plateau of the force-length relationship. However, the nature of sarcomere length non-uniformities has not been explored systematically. The purpose of this study was to determine the properties of sarcomere length non-uniformities in active and passive muscle. Single myofibrils of rabbit psoas (n = 20; with 412 individual sarcomeres) were subjected to three activation/deactivation cycles and individual sarcomere lengths were measured at 4 passive and 3 active points during the activation/deactivation cycles. The myofibrils were divided into three groups based on their initial average sarcomere lengths: short, intermediate, and long average sarcomere lengths of 2.7, 3.2, and 3.6 µm. The primary results were that sarcomere length non-uniformities did not occur randomly but were governed by some structural and/or contractile properties of the sarcomeres and that sarcomere length non-uniformities increased when myofibrils went from the passive to the active state. We propose that the mechanisms that govern the systematic sarcomere lengths non-uniformities observed in active and passive myofibrils may be associated with the variable number of contractile proteins and the variable number and the adjustable stiffness of titin filaments in individual sarcomeres.
Assessing the win–win situation of forage production and soil organic carbon through a short-term active restoration strategy in alpine grasslands
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Zhicheng , Kang Yukun , Zhang Zhiming , Bao Duanhong , Sun Xiaomei , Su Junhu 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionGrassland degradation has seriously affected the ecological environment and human livelihood. To abate these, implementing effective management strategies to restore and improve the service functions and productivity of degraded grasslands is crucial.MethodsTo evaluate the influences of restoration measures combined with different grazing intensities on short-term (1 year) grassland restoration, the changes in soil physicochemical properties, as well as plant traits under restoration measures of different grazing intensities, reseeding, and fertilization, were analyzed.ResultsSoil organic carbon (SOC) increased to varying degrees, whereas available nutrients decreased under all combined restoration measures. Reseeding, alone and in combination with fertilization, substantially increased SOC, improved grassland vegetation status, and enhanced grassland productivity. The aboveground biomass of Gramineae and the total aboveground biomass increased under the combined restoration measures of transferring livestock out of the pasture 45 days in advance, reseeding, and fertilization (T4). Redundancy analysis revealed a strong correlation between grassland vegetation characteristics, SOC, and available potassium. Considering soil and vegetation factors, the short-term results suggested that the combination measures in T4had the most marked positive impact on grassland restoration.DiscussionThese findings offer valuable theoretical insights for the ecological restoration of degraded grasslands in alpine regions.
Ethylene enhances resistance to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus via the ClWRKY70-ClACO5 module in watermelon plants
Authors: Liu Mei , Kang Baoshan , Wu Huijie , Peng Bin , Liu Liming , Hong Ni , Gu Qinsheng 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionEthylene (ET) is involved in plant responses to viral infection. However, its molecular mechanisms and regulatory network remain largely unknown.Methods and resultsIn the present study, we report that cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) triggers ET production by inducing the expression of ClACO5, a key gene of the ET biosynthesis pathway through transcriptome data analysis and gene function validation. The knock-down of ClACO5 expression through virus-induced gene silencing in watermelon and overexpressing ClACO5 in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana indicated that ClACO5 positively regulates CGMMV resistance and ET biosynthesis. The salicylic acid-responsive transcription factor gene ClWRKY70 shares a similar expression pattern with ClACO5. We demonstrate that ClWRKY70 directly binds to the W-box cis-element in the ClACO5 promoter and enhances its transcription. In addition, ClWRKY70 enhances plant responses to CGMMV infection by regulating ClACO5 expression in watermelon.DiscussionOur results demonstrate that the ClWRKY70-ClACO5 module positively regulates resistance to CGMMV infection in watermelon, shedding new light on the molecular basis of ET accumulation in watermelon in response to CGMMV infection.
Telehealth delivery of adapted CBT-I for insomnia in chronic pain patients: a single arm feasibility study
Authors: Zambelli Zoe , Halstead Elizabeth J. , Fidalgo Antonio R. , Mangar Stephen , Dimitriou Dagmara 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesA large proportion of individuals with chronic pain experience insomnia-related symptoms which can be persistent in nature, and negatively impact one’s quality of life. This single arm trial aimed to investigate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of CBT-I, adapted for people with chronic musculoskeletal pain, delivered via telehealth.MethodsWe conducted a single arm feasibility trial in which 10 adult women (M age = 50.76 years, SD = 8.03 years) with self-reported insomnia and a diagnosed chronic musculoskeletal chronic pain received six CBT-I individual treatment sessions over 6–10 weeks. Treatment was delivered via telehealth. Participants completed weekly sleep diaries, and self-reported measures of insomnia, pain, anxiety and depression pre-treatment, post-treatment, and one-month follow-up.ResultsThe trial yielded, high levels of compliance with intervention protocols, and affirmative feedback on satisfaction which demonstrated feasibility. The enrolment rate into the study was 37% (27 participants screened, 10 participants enrolled). The intervention was associated with statistically and clinically meaningful improvements in self-reported insomnia severity. There were statistically significant improvements in sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, sleep onset latency, anxiety and depression.ConclusionAdapted CBT-I delivered via telehealth may be a feasible, acceptable, and efficacious therapeutic approach for individuals with co-existent sleep and chronic pain. Future trials should adopt a randomized design against usual care.
Engaging with nature and work: associations among the built and natural environment, experiences outside, and job engagement and creativity
Authors: Brossoit Rebecca M. , Crain Tori L. , Leslie Jordyn J. , Fisher Gwenith G. , Eakman Aaron M. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThere is substantial evidence that contact with nature is related to positive health and well-being outcomes, but extensions of this research to work-related outcomes is sparse. Some organizations are redesigning workspaces to incorporate nature and adopting nature-related policies, warranting a need for empirical studies that test the influence of nature on employee outcomes.MethodsThe present mixed-methods study tests and extends the biophilic work design model to examine associations among the built and natural environment at work and home, experiences of time spent outside (i.e., amount of time outside, enjoyment of time outside, outdoor activities), and motivational work outcomes (i.e., job engagement and creativity). Objective geographic data were combined with quantitative and qualitative survey responses from working adults (N = 803).ResultsOur results broadly indicate that individuals who work and live in areas with greater natural amenities (i.e., access to water, topographic variation, temperate climates) spend more time outside and enjoy time outside to a greater degree, and these experiences are in turn associated with greater engagement and creativity at work. We did not find evidence that the surrounding built environment (i.e., urbanity) at work or home was associated with outdoor experiences or work-related outcomes. Additionally, six categories of outdoor activities were identified in the qualitative analyses – leisure activities, relaxation, physical activities, social interactions, tasks and errands, and travel.DiscussionThe findings from this study provide evidence that the natural environment, particularly at home, can benefit work-related outcomes via greater time and enjoyment of time outside. This study has implications for employee time use and organizational effectiveness.
Mindfulness and impulsive behavior: exploring the mediating roles of self-reflection and coping effectiveness among high-level athletes in Central China
Authors: Liang Peili , Jiang Hongyu , Wang Huilin , Tang Jiaxin 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIn the highly competitive field of sports, impulsive behavior by athletes not only threatens personal and team harmony but also poses significant risks to their careers and public image. Despite these behaviors often becoming the focus of public attention, their underlying causes and prevention strategies remain relatively unknown. This study delves deep into the impact of mindfulness on athletes’ impulsive behavior, revealing the mediating roles of self-reflection and coping effectiveness.MethodsUsing a combination of snowball and convenience sampling, a sample of 403 athletes from high-level sports teams in the Central China region participated in a questionnaire survey. The data were analyzed using Amos v.23 software.ResultsThe findings indicate a positive correlation between mindfulness and coping effectiveness (standardized coefficient = 0.336, p &lt; 0.001), as well as between self-reflection and coping effectiveness (standardized coefficient = 0.406, p &lt; 0.001). There is a negative correlation between coping effectiveness and impulsive behavior (standardized coefficient = −0.476, p &lt; 0.001). The positive impact of mindfulness on impulsive behavior (standardized coefficient = −0.371, p &lt; 0.01) is mediated by self-reflection and coping effectiveness. The explanatory power of this study is R2 = 0.35.DiscussionMindfulness reduces impulsive behavior by enhancing self-reflection capabilities and improving coping effectiveness. Based on these substantive research results, to mitigate impulsive behavior in athletes, it is recommended that the National Sports Administration and coaches actively implement mindfulness training. Additionally, targeted psychological intervention strategies should be developed to enhance athletes’ mental health levels and optimize their sports performance.
Impaired emotional awareness is associated with childhood maltreatment exposure and positive symptoms in schizophrenia
Authors: Beals Kendall , Torregrossa Lénie J. , Smith Ryan , Lane Richard David , Sheffield Julia M. 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesEvidence suggests that emotional awareness—the ability to identify and label emotions—may be impaired in schizophrenia and related to positive symptom severity. Exposure to childhood maltreatment is a risk factor for both low emotional awareness and positive symptoms.MethodsThe current investigation examines associations between a performance-based measure of emotional awareness, positive symptom severity, and childhood maltreatment exposure in 44 individuals with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and 48 healthy comparison participants using the electronic Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (eLEAS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).ResultsPatients demonstrated significant deficits in emotional awareness overall, which was true for both self and others. In patients, lower emotional awareness was significantly associated with more severe positive symptoms. Emotional awareness was significantly impaired in patients with schizophrenia with self-reported maltreatment exposure, relative to other groups. Severity of maltreatment was not significantly associated with emotional awareness or positive symptoms when looking continuously, and there was no significant indirect effect.ConclusionThese data suggest that emotional awareness impairments observed in schizophrenia may be exacerbated by exposure to childhood maltreatment, possibly putting individuals at greater risk for experiencing positive symptoms of psychosis.