bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Feeding Practice Ibu Dalam Pemberian Nutrisi Dengan Status Gizi Anak
Authors: Mardiah Wiwi , Maudina Rizky , Hendrawati Sri 
Published: November 2023

Negara berkembang saat ini masih mengalami permasalahan gizi, salah satunya diakibatkan karena pemberian makan (feeding practice) yang tidak tepat dan kasus tersebut menyebabkan 1,5 juta anak meninggal dunia. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis hubungan feeding practice Ibu dalam pemberian nutrisi terhadap status gizi anak di PAUD Kecamatan Jatinangor.
Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner CFPQ untuk melihat feeding practice Ibu dan menggunakan instrumen pengukuran status gizi berdasarkan hasil nilai z-score dengan IMT. Populasi penelitian yaitu Ibu yang memiliki anak usia 3-6 tahun dan responden ditentukan dengan teknik total sampling sebanyak 55 anak. Analisis penelitian menggunakan nilai distribusi frekuensi dan uji korelasi menggunakan spearman.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 39 (70,9%) Ibu memiliki kategori buruk pada feeding practice dan 16 (29,1%) Ibu memiliki kategori baik. Hampir seluruhnya anak (96,4%) memiliki status gizi normal. Uji korelasi pada penelitian ini menujukkan nilai negatif dengan p value >0,05 yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara feeding practice Ibu dengan status gizi anak.
Hubungan antara feeding practice Ibu dengan status gizi anak tidak signifikan karena adanya faktor lain, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung yang lebih memengaruhi status gizi anak. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat meningkatkan edukasi ibu terkait cara menerapkan pemberian makan yang tepat dan seimbang sesuai dengan kebutuhan anak.
Pengaruh Peran Pimpinan terhadap Kompetensi Bidan dalam Manajemen Asfiksia
Authors: - Reni 
Published: November 2023

Beberapa masalah yang berkaitan dengan penanganan asfiksia bayi baru lahir oleh bidan belum optimal, sehingga keberhasilan menyelamatkan bayi Asfiksia dan akan berakibat buruk terhadap mental ibu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung serta besarannya Peran Pimpinan, terhadap kompetensi bidan dalam manajemen asfiksia di puskesmas Wilayah Kabupaten Bogor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif yang menggunakan desain potong lintang. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 80 bidan sebagai responden. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Model (SEM) . Hasil temuan penelitian yaitu variabel Kompetensi bidan dalam manajemen asfiksia dipengaruhi oleh peran pimpinan (12.06). Pengaruh langsung terhadap kompetensi bidan dalam manajemen asfiksia sebesar 81.62% dan pengaruh tidak langsung sebesar 1.67%. Total pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung kompetensi bidan sebesar 83.29%. Saran penelitianya itu diharapkan pimpinan koordinator puskesmas dapat memfasilitasi pengembangan dalam meningkatkan kompetensi.
Synergistic advancements in sewage-driven microbial fuel cells: novel carbon nanotube cathodes and biomass-derived anodes for efficient renewable energy generation and wastewater treatment
Authors: Barakat Nasser A. M. , Gamal Shimaa , Kim Hak Yong , Abd El-Salam Nasser M. , Fouad Hassan , Fadali Olfat A. , Moustafa Hager M. , Abdelraheem Omina H. 
Published: November 2023

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer a dual solution of generating electrical energy from organic pollutants-laden wastewater while treating it. This study focuses on enhancing MFC performance through innovative electrode design. Three-dimensional (3D) anodes, created from corncobs and mango seeds via controlled graphitization, achieved remarkable power densities. The newly developed electrode configurations were evaluated within sewage wastewater-driven MFCs without the introduction of external microorganisms or prior treatment of the wastewater. At 1,000°C and 1,100°C graphitization temperatures, corncob and mango seed anodes produced 1,963 and 2,171 mW/m2, respectively, nearly 20 times higher than conventional carbon cloth and paper anodes. An advanced cathode composed of an activated carbon-carbon nanotube composite was introduced, rivaling expensive platinum-based cathodes. By optimizing the thermal treatment temperature and carbon nanotube content of the proposed cathode, comparable or superior performance to standard Pt/C commercial cathodes was achieved. Specifically, MFCs assembled with corncob anode with the proposed and standard Pt/C cathodes reached power densities of 1,963.1 and 2,178.6 mW/m2, respectively. Similarly, when utilizing graphitized mango seeds at 1,100°C, power densities of 2,171 and 2,151 mW/m2 were achieved for the new and standard cathodes, respectively. Furthermore, in continuous operation with a flow rate of 2 L/h, impressive chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates of 77% and 85% were achieved with corncob and mango seed anodes, respectively. This work highlights the significance of electrode design for enhancing MFC efficiency in electricity generation and wastewater treatment.
A new double-antigen sandwich test based on the light-initiated chemiluminescent assay for detecting anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies with high sensitivity and specificity
Authors: Li Haicong , Yang Shuo , Cao Dan , Wang Qianying , Zhang Siyu , Zhou Yi , Liu Di , Yang Ruifeng , Cui Liyan , Zhu Zhaoqin 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new double-antigen sandwich test that is based on the light-initiated chemiluminescent assay (LiCA®) for detecting anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies (anti-HCV) in comparison to Architect®.MethodsAnalytical characteristics and diagnostic performance were tested using seroconversion panels and large pools of clinical samples. Positive results were validated by the strip immunoblot assay (RIBA) and HCV RNA.ResultsRepeatability and within-lab imprecision of LiCA® anti-HCV were 1.31%–3.27%. The C5–C95 interval was −5.44%–5.03% away from C50. LiCA® detected seroconversion in an average of 28.9 days and showed a mean of 3.7 (p = 0.0056) days earlier than Architect®. In a pool of 239 samples with known HCV genotypes 1 to 6, both assays correctly detected all subjects. In 16,305 clinical patient sera, LiCA® detected 4 false-negative (0.25‰) and 14 false-positive (0.86‰) anti-HCV cases, while Architect® recorded 6 false-negative (0.37‰) and 138 false-positive (8.46‰) subjects, respectively. Compared to Architect®, LiCA® presented a significantly better performance in specificity (99.91% vs. 99.14%, n = 16,018, p &lt; 0.0001), positive predictive value (95.29% vs. 67.06%, n = 419, p &lt; 0.0001), and overall accuracy (99.89% vs. 99.12%, n = 16,305, p &lt; 0.0001), while no significant difference in sensitivity (98.61% vs. 97.91%, n = 287, p = 0.5217) and negative predictive value (99.98% vs. 99.96%, n = 15,886, p = 0.3021) was seen. An S/Co value of 3.28 was predicted to be the threshold with a positivity ≥95% for the LiCA® anti-HCV assay.ConclusionLiCA® anti-HCV is a precise and fully automatic chemiluminescent assay with superior sensitivity and specificity. The assay can be used as a valuable tool to supplement the diagnosis of HCV infection.
Evaluation of HbA1c from CGM traces in an Indian population
Authors: Majumdar Sayantan , Kalamkar Saurabh D. , Dudhgaonkar Shashikant , Shelgikar Kishor M. , Ghaskadbi Saroj , Goel Pranay 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe development of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) over the last decade has provided access to many consecutive glucose concentration measurements from patients. A standard method for estimating glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), already established in the literature, is based on its relationship with the average blood glucose concentration (aBG). We showed that the estimates obtained using the standard method were not sufficiently reliable for an Indian population and suggested two new methods for estimating HbA1c.MethodsTwo datasets providing a total of 128 CGM and their corresponding HbA1c levels were received from two centers: Health Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune and Joshi Hospital, Pune, from patients already diagnosed with diabetes, non-diabetes, and pre-diabetes. We filtered 112 data-sufficient CGM traces, of which 80 traces were used to construct two models using linear regression. The first model estimates HbA1c directly from the average interstitial fluid glucose concentration (aISF) of the CGM trace and the second model proceeds in two steps: first, aISF is scaled to aBG, and then aBG is converted to HbA1c via the Nathan model. Our models were tested on the remaining 32 data- sufficient traces. We also provided 95% confidence and prediction intervals for HbA1c estimates.ResultsThe direct model (first model) for estimating HbA1c was HbA1cmmol/mol = 0.319 × aISFmg/dL + 16.73 and the adapted Nathan model (second model) for estimating HbA1c is HbA1cmmol/dL = 0.38 × (1.17 × ISFmg/dL) − 5.60.DiscussionOur results show that the new equations are likely to provide better estimates of HbA1c levels than the standard model at the population level, which is especially suited for clinical epidemiology in Indian populations.
Unveiling the common loci for six body measurement traits in Chinese Wenshan cattle
Authors: Ren Honghui , He Xiaoming , Lu Ying , Yue Dan , Liu Xingneng , Wu Dongwang , Zhu Junhong , Gao Zhendong , Xi Dongmei , Deng Weidong 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Body measurement traits are integral in cattle production, serving as pivotal criteria for breeding selection. Wenshan cattle, a local breed in China’s Yunnan province, exhibit remarkable genetic diversity. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating body measurement traits in Wenshan cattle remain unexplored.Methods: In this study, we performed a genome-wide association method to identify genetic architecture for body height body length hip height back height (BAH), waist height and ischial tuberosity height using the Bovine 50 K single nucleotide polymorphism Array in 1060 Wenshan cattles.Results: This analysis reveals 8 significant SNPs identified through the mixed linear model (MLM), with 6 SNPs are associated with multiple traits and 4 SNPs are associated with all 6 traits. Furthermore, we pinpoint 21 candidate genes located in proximity to or within these significant SNPs. Among them, Scarb1, acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase and HIVEP3 were implicated in bone formation and rarely encountered in livestock body measurement traits, emerge as potential candidate genes regulating body measurement traits in Wenshan cattle.Discussion: This investigation provides valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms underpinning body measurement traits in this unique cattle breed, paving the way for further research in this domain.
High-dimensional phenotyping of the peripheral immune response in community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Reijnders Tom D. Y. , Schuurman Alex R. , Verhoeff Jan , van den Braber Marlous , Douma Renée A. , Faber Daniël R. , Paul Alberta G. A. , Wiersinga W. Joost , Saris Anno , Garcia Vallejo Juan J. , van der Poll Tom 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) represents a major health burden worldwide. Dysregulation of the immune response plays an important role in adverse outcomes in patients with CAP.MethodsWe analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells by 36-color spectral flow cytometry in adult patients hospitalized for CAP (n=40), matched control subjects (n=31), and patients hospitalized for COVID-19 (n=35).ResultsWe identified 86 immune cell metaclusters, 19 of which (22.1%) were differentially abundant in patients with CAP versus matched controls. The most notable differences involved classical monocyte metaclusters, which were more abundant in CAP and displayed phenotypic alterations reminiscent of immunosuppression, increased susceptibility to apoptosis, and enhanced expression of chemokine receptors. Expression profiles on classical monocytes, driven by CCR7 and CXCR5, divided patients with CAP into two clusters with a distinct inflammatory response and disease course. The peripheral immune response in patients with CAP was highly similar to that in patients with COVID-19, but increased CCR7 expression on classical monocytes was only present in CAP.ConclusionCAP is associated with profound cellular changes in blood that mainly relate to classical monocytes and largely overlap with the immune response detected in COVID-19.
Real-world effectiveness and persistence of secukinumab in the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Alegre-Sancho Juan José , Núñez-Monje Victoria , Campos-Fernández Cristina , Balaguer-Trull Isabel , Robustillo-Villarino Montserrat , Aguilar-Zamora Marta , Garijo-Bufort Marta , Pedraz-Penalva Teresa , Peña-González Carolina , de la Morena Isabel , Bedoya-Sanchís Diego , Yankova-Komsalova Liliya , Conesa-Mateos Arantxa , Martinez-Cristóbal Anna , Navarro-Blasco Francisco Javier , Senabre-Gallego Jose Miguel , Sivera Francisca 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a complex and heterogeneous inflammatory disease. Secukinumab, a biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD), has extensive clinical evidence of efficacy and safety in the treatment of PsA but data in clinical practice are still limited. This study aims to provide real-world evidence on secukinumab use, effectiveness, and persistence in PsA.MethodsA retrospective, multicenter study was conducted on patients diagnosed with PsA and treated with secukinumab up to June 2021 at 12 centers in the Valencian Community (Spain). Data on DAS28-CRP, DAPSA, Tender and Swollen Joint Counts (TJC, SJC), enthesitis, dactylitis, skin and nail involvement, pain, patient and physician global assessment (ptGA, phGA) using 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS), and persistence for up to 24 months were collected.ResultsA total of 178 patients were included (49% men; mean [standard deviation, SD] age: 51.4 [10.5] years; 39% obese). Secukinumab was used as a first-, second-, or ≥ third-line bDMARD in 37, 21, and 42% of patients, respectively. The percentage of patients achieving at least low disease activity (DAS28-CRP ≤ 3.2) increased from 25% at baseline to 66% at month 6 (M6) and was maintained (75%) up to M24. Mean (SD) DAS28-CRP baseline values (3.9 [1.2]) decreased to 2.9 (1.1) (p &lt; 0.001) at M6 and remained low through M24 (2.6 [1.1]) (p &lt; 0.001). Secukinumab also improved peripheral arthritis increasing the percentage of patients with TJC = 0 (20% baseline; 57% M24) and SJC = 0 (37% baseline; 80% M24). Treatment reduced the percentage of patients with enthesitis (25% baseline; 6% M24), dactylitis (20% baseline; 4% M24), and skin (70% baseline; 17% M24), and nail (32% baseline; 2% M24) involvement. Additionally, we observed improvements in the mean pain VAS (−26.4 mm M24), ptGA (−26.2 mm M24), and phGA (−24.8 mm M24). Secukinumab showed an overall 24-month persistence rate of 67% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 60–74%). Patients receiving first-line secukinumab showed the highest 24-month persistence rate (83, 95% CI: 73–92; p = 0.024).ConclusionSecukinumab showed long-term effectiveness across the six key PsA domains thus reducing disease activity and pain, which are major treatment goals. This was accompanied by high persistence rates, especially in bDMARD naive patients.
Predicting environmental stressor levels with machine learning: a comparison between amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, and total RNA sequencing based on taxonomically assigned data
Authors: Hempel Christopher A. , Buchner Dominik , Mack Leoni , Brasseur Marie V. , Tulpan Dan , Leese Florian , Steinke Dirk 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionMicrobes are increasingly (re)considered for environmental assessments because they are powerful indicators for the health of ecosystems. The complexity of microbial communities necessitates powerful novel tools to derive conclusions for environmental decision-makers, and machine learning is a promising option in that context. While amplicon sequencing is typically applied to assess microbial communities, metagenomics and total RNA sequencing (herein summarized as omics-based methods) can provide a more holistic picture of microbial biodiversity at sufficient sequencing depths. Despite this advantage, amplicon sequencing and omics-based methods have not yet been compared for taxonomy-based environmental assessments with machine learning.MethodsIn this study, we applied 16S and ITS-2 sequencing, metagenomics, and total RNA sequencing to samples from a stream mesocosm experiment that investigated the impacts of two aquatic stressors, insecticide and increased fine sediment deposition, on stream biodiversity. We processed the data using similarity clustering and denoising (only applicable to amplicon sequencing) as well as multiple taxonomic levels, data types, feature selection, and machine learning algorithms and evaluated the stressor prediction performance of each generated model for a total of 1,536 evaluated combinations of taxonomic datasets and data-processing methods.ResultsSequencing and data-processing methods had a substantial impact on stressor prediction. While omics-based methods detected a higher diversity of taxa than amplicon sequencing, 16S sequencing outperformed all other sequencing methods in terms of stressor prediction based on the Matthews Correlation Coefficient. However, even the highest observed performance for 16S sequencing was still only moderate. Omics-based methods performed poorly overall, but this was likely due to insufficient sequencing depth. Data types had no impact on performance while feature selection significantly improved performance for omics-based methods but not for amplicon sequencing.DiscussionWe conclude that amplicon sequencing might be a better candidate for machine-learning-based environmental stressor prediction than omics-based methods, but the latter require further research at higher sequencing depths to confirm this conclusion. More sampling could improve stressor prediction performance, and while this was not possible in the context of our study, thousands of sampling sites are monitored for routine environmental assessments, providing an ideal framework to further refine the approach for possible implementation in environmental diagnostics.
The relationship of small vessel disease burden on cerebral and regional brain atrophy rates and cognitive performance over one year of follow-up after transient ischemic attack
Authors: Reaume Noaah , Reid Meaghan , Tadros George S. , Chacinski Dorothy , Denroche Britney , Aftab Arooj , Wu Pauline , Gupta Sah Rani , Wang Meng , Smith Eric E. , Frayne Richard , Coutts Shelagh B. , Sajobi Tolulope , Longman Stewart , Ganesh Aravind , Barber Philip A. 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundStroke, even when minor, increases the risk of dementia. We aimed to determine whether patients with transient ischaemic attack (TIA) exhibit higher rates of cerebral and regional atrophy 1-year after first stroke symptoms and evaluate the relationship with small vessel disease and cognitive performance.MethodsTIA patients and controls without cognitive symptoms underwent high-resolution T1-weighted MRI and cognitive testing at baseline and 1-year. Percent brain volume change (PBVC) was measured, and the location of regional atrophy and small vessel disease (CSVD) burden was evaluated. Neuropsychological testing assessed memory, processing speed, and executive function.ResultsA total of 76 TIA patients and 53 controls of mean age 67 (SD = 8) and 68 years (SD = 8) were recruited. TIA patients demonstrated greater improvement of visual memory and executive function at 1-year. TIA patients had greater median PBVC/year compared to controls (−0.79% [(−1.22)-(−0.38)] vs. -0.41% [(−0.62)-0.19]; p &lt; 0.001), and higher rates of volume loss (ml/year) in subcortical gray (−0.53 [(−1.09)-(−0.06)] vs. -0.13 [(−0.61)-0.31]; p &lt; 0.05) and white matter (−2.21 [−5.47, 0.40] vs. -0.93 [(−3.43)-2.10]; p &lt; 0.05). Linear regression showed that TIA, age, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were associated with greater cerebral volume loss over 1-year. There was no significant relationship between PBVC and 1-year cognition.ConclusionA near two-fold increase in rate of cerebral atrophy 1-year after TIA is associated with higher SBP emphasizing the need for improved treatment of SBP. Cerebral and regional atrophy rates may be used to select patients for vascular risk reduction trials or novel therapeutics in future dementia prevention trials.
Comorbidity in the aging population with multiple sclerosis: a Danish nationwide study
Authors: Holm Rolf Pringler , Wandall-Holm Malthe Faurschou , Sellebjerg Finn , Magyari Melinda 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease accumulating disabilities over time. However, the mean age of individuals with MS is increasing, consequently elevating their risk of developing comorbidities. Comorbidities' impact on MS is widely debated. Yet very few countries possess population-based registries, which provide unique opportunities for individual-level data linkage. This study aims to assess acute and chronic comorbidities among elderly patients with MS, comparing them to matched controls. Additionally, this study seeks to investigate the influence of chronic comorbidities on all-cause mortality.MethodsA nationwide register-based study using the Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry to identify all living patients with MS older than 50 years at the reference date (January 1st, 2022). Patients were matched 1:10 with individuals from the general population. Comprehensive healthcare data within the Danish hospital system were obtained. Chronic comorbidities were classified according to the Charlson Comorbidity Index, while acute comorbidities were based on ICD-10 codes and an “acute” admission type. To investigate all-cause mortality, a Cox regression analysis was conducted.ResultsThe study encompassed a total of 8,688 individuals with MS, matched with 86,880 controls. The mean age was 63.5 years, with females constituting 68.3%. Individuals with MS exhibited a higher frequency of acute hospitalizations (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.9–2.2), primarily due to various infectious diseases, along with longer median hospital stays (4 vs. 3 days, p &lt; 0.001). When assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index, individuals with MS carried a significantly greater burden of chronic comorbidities (p &lt; 0.001). The most prevalent chronic comorbidity among individuals with MS was “Uncomplicated Diabetes” (20.1%). Notably, while individuals with MS displayed an overall lower 5-year survival rate, this difference ceased to be statistically significant among those with a high Charlson Comorbidity Index score of ≥4 (p = 0.32).ConclusionThis study highlights a heightened prevalence of both acute and chronic comorbidities among individuals with MS, with chronic comorbidities significantly increasing the risk of mortality. These findings underscore the critical importance of factoring in comorbidities when devising treatment strategies for individuals living with MS.