bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic evaluation of stage I lung adenocarcinoma based on systematic inflammatory response
Authors: Qian Jia-Yi , Wu Lei-Lei , Zhang Li-Yan , Li Kun , Li Zhi-Xin , Zhao Yong , Xie Dong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to construct an effective nomogram based on the clinical and laboratory characteristics to predict the prognosis of stage I lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR alteration.

Methods
A retrospective study was performed of 913 eligible patients with EGFR alteration after surgery at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. The peripheral blood indicators were included in the nomogram. Calibration plots, concordance index, decision curve analysis, and X-tile software were used in this study. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.

Results
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio were independent risk factors for RFS. The calibration curves for RFS probabilities showed good agreement between the nomogram prediction and actual observation. Furthermore, the nomogram, including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio had a higher concordance index (0.732, 95% confidence interval = 0.706 to 0.758) than that without neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio or platelet to lymphocyte ratio (0.713, 95% confidence interval = 0.686 to 0.740), and decision curve analysis plots showed that the nomogram with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio had better clinical practicability. Additionally, the patients were divided into 2 groups according to cutoff values of risk points, and statistically significant differences in RFS and overall survival were observed between the high-risk and low-risk groups (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
High pretreatment levels of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio were strongly associated with a worse prognosis in stage I EGFR-altered lung adenocarcinomas. Besides, the proposed nomogram with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio presented a better prediction ability for the survival of those patients.
Clinical Practice Guideline by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA): 2023 Guideline on Diagnosis and Management of Acute Bacterial Arthritis in Pediatrics
Authors: Woods Charles R , Bradley John S , Chatterjee Archana , Kronman Matthew P , Arnold Sandra R , Robinson Joan , Copley Lawson A , Arrieta Antonio C , Fowler Sandra L , Harrison Christopher , Eppes Stephen C , Creech C Buddy , Stadler Laura P , Shah Samir S , Mazur Lynnette J , Carrillo-Marquez Maria A , Allen Coburn H , Lavergne Valéry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of acute bacterial arthritis (ABA) in children was developed by a multidisciplinary panel representing the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). This guideline is intended for use by healthcare professionals who care for children with ABA, including specialists in pediatric infectious diseases and orthopedics. The panel’s recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of ABA are based upon evidence derived from topic-specific systematic literature reviews.
Summarized below are the recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of ABA in children. The panel followed a systematic process used in the development of other IDSA and PIDS clinical practice guidelines, which included a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of the evidence and strength of recommendation using the GRADE approach (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) (see Figure 1). A detailed description of background, methods, evidence summary and rationale that support each recommendation, and knowledge gaps can be found online in the full text.
Characterizing Attitudes Toward Maternal RSV Vaccines Among Pregnant and Lactating Persons in Kenya: Key Considerations for Demand Generation Efforts for Vaccine Acceptance
Authors: Limaye Rupali J , Sauer Molly , Njogu Rosemary , Singh Prachi , Fesshaye Berhaun , Karron Ruth A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study examined attitudes toward maternal RSV vaccines among pregnant and lactating persons in Kenya. First pregnancy was associated with higher vaccine hesitancy among pregnant and lactating people, and social norms were associated with higher vaccine hesitancy among lactating people. Understanding maternal RSV attitudes is critical for vaccine acceptance.
Predictions of DNA mechanical properties at a genomic scale reveal potentially new functional roles of DNA flexibility
Authors: Back Georg , Walther Dirk 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mechanical properties of DNA have been implied to influence many of its biological functions. Recently, a new high-throughput method, called loop-seq, which allows measuring the intrinsic bendability of DNA fragments, has been developed. Using loop-seq data, we created a deep learning model to explore the biological significance of local DNA flexibility in a range of different species from different kingdoms. Consistently, we observed a characteristic and largely dinucleotide-composition-driven change of local flexibility near transcription start sites. In the presence of a TATA-box, a pronounced peak of high flexibility can be observed. Furthermore, depending on the transcription factor investigated, flanking-sequence-dependent DNA flexibility was identified as a potential factor influencing DNA binding. Compared to randomized genomic sequences, depending on species and taxa, actual genomic sequences were observed both with increased and lowered flexibility. Furthermore, in Arabidopsis thaliana, mutation rates, both de novo and fixed, were found to be associated with relatively rigid sequence regions. Our study presents a range of significant correlations between characteristic DNA mechanical properties and genomic features, the significance of which with regard to detailed molecular relevance awaits further theoretical and experimental exploration.
Association of Insomnia, Sleep Quality, and Sleep Duration With Risk of Physical Frailty in Middle-aged and Older People With HIV
Authors: Zhou Qionggui , Ding Yingying , Chen Xiaoxiao , Wang Shanling , Lin Haijiang , He Na 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Frailty is one of the major concerns among aging people with HIV (PWH). Evidence regarding the association between sleep disorders and physical frailty in PWH is limited.

Methods
PWH and HIV-negative individuals aged ≥40 years were included and frequency-matched in a 1:2 ratio by sex and age. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs of the association between sleep disorders and physical frailty, and restricted cubic splines were used to describe the dose–response association. The contribution of depression to the association was estimated by mediation analysis.

Results
A total of 1526 PWH and 3052 HIV-negative individuals were included. Logistic regression indicated that insomnia (OR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.63–5.72) and poor sleep quality (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.21–4.45) were significantly associated with physical frailty in middle-aged and older PWH, especially in those with current CD4+ T-cell counts &lt;350 cells/µL, but not in HIV-negative participants. A U-shaped and J-shaped dose–response relation between sleep duration and physical frailty was observed in PWH and HIV-negative participants, respectively. Shorter and longer sleep duration was associated with an increased risk of physical frailty in PWH. However, in HIV-negative participants, only longer sleep duration was associated with physical frailty. Mediation analysis revealed that depression mediated the relation between sleep disorders and frailty among PWH.

Conclusions
Sleep disorders including insomnia, poor sleep quality, and short and long sleep duration were significantly associated with physical frailty among middle-aged and older PWH. Depression may play a mediating role in the sleep–frailty association.
Improving the language of migratory bird science in North America
Authors: Albert Steven K , Siegel Rodney B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Several long-accepted terms are widely misused in ornithology and have led to a misperception of important concepts in the ecology of Nearctic–Neotropical migratory birds. The term “North America” (and its ancillary terms “North American species,” “North American habitats,” etc.) is widely used to refer to the United States and Canada, when in fact it should include all of the continent from the Arctic through Panama. In a similar vein, the terms “wintering” and “over-wintering” (whether used to describe the status of individual birds or species, or as a modifier for terms like habitats, ecology, or behavior), “spring migration” and “fall migration” are inappropriate for Nearctic–Neotropical migrants because they explicitly reference conditions in the temperate zone of the continent, even as most such species spend the majority of their annual cycle elsewhere, where these terms are inaccurate and unhelpful. We discuss the pitfalls of using these terms and suggest several alternatives and replacements. In particular, we urge more precision in the use of the term “North America”; for Nearctic–Neotropical migratory species (especially long-distance migrants), we suggest retiring the terms “wintering” and “over-wintering” in favor of “nonbreeding”; and for the same group of species we suggest retiring the terms “spring migration” and “fall migration” in favor of “pre-breeding,” “post-breeding,” or “post-natal” migration.
Pre-contractual Duties of Disclosure
Authors: Waddams S M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1871 Chief Justice Cockburn, considering a hypothetical case of a sale of land under which were valuable mineral deposits known to the purchaser but not to the vendor, said that it was a case in which ‘a man of tender conscience and high honour would be unwilling to take advantage of the ignorance of the seller; but there can be no doubt that the contract … would be binding’. On the basis of this statement, and many others to similar effect, it is usually asserted that there is, in English law, no general duty in one party to disclose material facts to the other party to a proposed contract. This legal position is sometimes referred to by the latin expression caveat emptor, but the principle is not confined to buyers, nor to contracts of sale. The principle is also often referred to by saying that silence is not equivalent to a misrepresentation, and that there is no general duty of good faith in pre-contractual negotiations. Another way of putting it is that the law permits one party to take advantage of another’s unilateral mistake. All these formulations point in the same direction, but as will be seen, there are significant differences among them.
Libel and Constitutional Free Speech
Authors: Fleming John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Actions for defamation and invasion of privacy present a peculiar tension between a plaintiff’s personality (dignitary) interests and the defendant’s freedom of speech. These respective interests, especially the latter, are widely viewed as of constitutional significance, and often specifically protected by written constitutions. The purpose of this essay is to explore the effect this perception has on resolving the conflict between these interests: one the speaker’s, the other that of the victim of speech. In particular, modern constitutional provisions guaranteeing freedom of speech and the press are apt to collide with traditional civil-law protection of individuals’ reputation and honour, reflecting change from a value system of chivalry to one of democratic ideals. In several instances this clash has resulted in substantial modifications of the conventional private law.
Germany
Authors: Körber Stefanie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For some time now, the retention of goods by customs authorities has been a significant tool used in Germany for combating the cross-border trade of goods infringing intellectual property rights. The tremendous rise in the practical significance of customs retentions in Germany in recent years is demonstrated by two sets of statistics. On the one hand, the number of applications for action filed with the customs authorities in Germany increased from 56 in 1994 to 290 in 2004. On the other hand, the number of cases involving the retention of goods by the customs authorities soared from 56 in 1994 to 8,564 in 2004.
Sweden
Authors: Eliasson Bengt , Öström Helena Wassén 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Before Sweden’s entry into the European Union in 1995, border measures against counterfeit and pirated goods were rather unusual. It was more common that action was taken against the goods after they had entered the country. At the time of Sweden’s entry into the European Union, a new Customs Act was introduced.This Customs Act was a supplement to the Community legislation concerning border measures, Regulation (EEC) No 3842/86.Since the Swedish Customs Act that was introduced in 1995 was rushed in order to be finalized before entry into the European Union, a new Customs Act was introduced in 2001.
Optimized APCVD method for synthesis of monolayer H-Phase VS2 crystals
Authors: Patel Amit Kumar , Borah Ashish Jyoti , Srivastava Anchal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, specifically H-phase vanadium disulfide (VS2), hold great significance as fundamental components for next-generation low-dimensional spintronic, optoelectronic, and future electronic devices. They also offer an opportunity to explore the intrinsic magnetic properties associated with monolayer H-phase VS2 crystals at room temperature. However, there have been limited experimental studies on synthesizing pure monolayer H-phase VS2 crystals using sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) and sulfur (S) as precursors for vanadium (V) and S, respectively. In this study, we present a facile atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) approach for the synthesizing monolayer H-phase VS2 crystals with a thickness of ∼0.7 nm. The lateral dimensions of monolayer VS2 crystals extends up to ∼26 µm. Additionally, we have modulated the growth parameters, such as the temperature of NaVO3 and the Ar gas flow rate, to obtain VS2 flakes with different sizes and morphologies. This significant advancement paves the way for the synthesis of monolayer H-phase VS2 crystals on SiO2/Si substrates using the APCVD technique.
Snow patch refugia benefits for species of periglacial zones—Evidence from a high-elevation obligate
Authors: Hayes Forest P , Berger Joel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Conserving Earth's most rapidly changing biomes necessitates understanding biological consequences of altered climes. Past species- and taxa-level responses to warming environs include numerous concentrated extirpations at the southern peripheries of distributions during the late Pleistocene. Less clear are localized capacities of cold-adapted species to mitigate thermal challenges against warming temperatures, especially through proximate behavioral and physiological adjustments. Whereas snow patches persist in periglacial zones and elsewhere, broad reductions in seasonal snow raise concerns about how and why species continue to use them. If snow patches play a functional role to combat increasing thermal demands, we predicted individuals would display an array of autonomic responses to increased temperatures modulated by wind, ambient temperature, and winter fur on and away from snow patches. We tested these predictions using a mammalian exemplar of high latitude and high elevation, mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus), using two sites in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Surprisingly, and contrary to expectations of reduced thermal stress, respiration rates were not decreased on snow patches but use of snow was strongly correlated with decreased metrics of insect harassment. As snow cover continues to decline in montane environs, the persistence of cold-adapted species depends on navigating concurrent changes in biotic communities and thermal environments and balancing competing pressures on behavioral and biological responses.
Nonassortative relationships between groups of nodes are typical in complex networks
Authors: Liu Cathy Xuanchi , Alexander Tristram J , Altmann Eduardo G 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDecomposing a graph into groups of nodes that share similar connectivity properties is essential to understand the organization and function of complex networks. Previous works have focused on groups with specific relationships between group members, such as assortative communities or core–periphery structures, developing computational methods to find these mesoscale structures within a network. Here, we go beyond these two traditional cases and introduce a methodology that is able to identify and systematically classify all possible community types in directed multi graphs, based on the pairwise relationship between groups. We apply our approach to 53 different networks and find that assortative communities are the most common structures, but that previously unexplored types appear in almost every network. A particularly prevalent new type of relationship, which we call a source–basin structure, has information flowing from a sparsely connected group of nodes (source) to a densely connected group (basin). We look in detail at two online social networks—a new network of Twitter users and a well-studied network of political blogs—and find that source–basin structures play an important role in both of them. This confirms not only the widespread appearance of nonassortative structures but also the potential of hitherto unidentified relationships to explain the organization of complex networks.
Antibody response to four doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases: an observational study
Authors: Gumber Leher , Jackson Hannah , Gomez Nancy , Hopkins Georgina , Tucis Davis , Chakravorty Mithun , Tighe Patrick , Grainge Matthew J , Rutter Megan , Ferraro Alastair , Power Sheila , Pradère Marie-Josèphe , Lanyon Peter C , Pearce Fiona A , Fairclough Lucy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Antibody responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are reduced among immunocompromised patients but are not well quantified among people with rare disease. We conducted an observational study to evaluate the antibody responses to the booster SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD).

Methods
Blood samples were collected after second, before third, after third and after fourth vaccine doses. Anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid antibody levels were measured using an in-house ELISA. Logistic regression models were built to determine the predictors for non-response. Results were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Results
Forty-three people with RAIRD were included, with a median age of 56 years. Anti-spike seropositivity increased from 42.9% after second dose to 51.2% after third dose and 65.6% after fourth dose. Median anti-spike antibody levels increased from 33.6 (interquartile range 7.8–724.5) binding antibody units after second dose to 239.4 (interquartile range 35.8–1051.1) binding antibody units after the booster dose (third dose, or fourth dose if eligible). Of the participants who had sufficient antibody levels post-second dose, 22.2% had insufficient levels after the booster, and 34.9% of participants had lower antibodies after the booster than the lowest healthy control had after the second dose. Rituximab in the 6 months prior to booster (P = 0.02) and non-White ethnicity (P = 0.04) were associated with non-response. There was a dose–response relationship between the timing of rituximab and generation of sufficient antibodies (P = 0.03).

Conclusion
Although the booster dose increased anti-spike IgG and seropositivity rates, some people with RAIRD, particularly those on rituximab, had insufficient antibody levels despite three or four doses.
Recent progress in functional modification and crosslinking of bioprosthetic heart valves
Authors: Zheng Cheng , Yang Li , Wang Yunbing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Valvular heart disease (VHD), clinically manifested as stenosis and regurgitation of native heart valve, is one of the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases with high mortality. Heart valve replacement surgery has been recognized as golden standard for the treatment of VHD. Owing to the clinical application of transcatheter heart valve replacement technic and the excellent hemodynamic performance of bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs), implantation of BHVs has been increasing over recent years and gradually became the preferred choice for the treatment of VHD. However, BHVs might fail within 10–15 years due to structural valvular degeneration (SVD), which was greatly associated with drawbacks of glutaraldehyde crosslinked BHVs, including cytotoxicity, calcification, component degradation, mechanical failure, thrombosis and immune response. To prolong the service life of BHVs, much effort has been devoted to overcoming the drawbacks of BHVs and reducing the risk of SVD. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the research and progress on: (i) modification strategies based on glutaraldehyde crosslinked BHVs and (ii) nonglutaraldehyde crosslinking strategies for BHVs.
Napping and circadian sleep–wake regulation during healthy aging
Authors: Deantoni Michele , Reyt Mathilde , Baillet Marion , Dourte Marine , De Haan Stella , Lesoinne Alexia , Vandewalle Gilles , Maquet Pierre , Berthomier Christian , Muto Vincenzo , Hammad Gregory , Schmidt Christina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Daytime napping is frequently reported among the older population and has attracted increasing attention due to its association with multiple health conditions. Here, we tested whether napping in the aged is associated with altered circadian regulation of sleep, sleepiness, and vigilance performance.

Methods
Sixty healthy older individuals (mean age: 69 years, 39 women) were recruited with respect to their napping habits (30 nappers, 30 non-nappers). All participants underwent an in-lab 40-hour multiple nap protocol (10 cycles of 80 minutes of sleep opportunity alternating with 160 minutes of wakefulness), preceded and followed by a baseline and recovery sleep period. Saliva samples for melatonin assessment, sleepiness, and vigilance performance were collected during wakefulness and electrophysiological data were recorded to derive sleep parameters during scheduled sleep opportunities.

Results
The circadian amplitude of melatonin secretion was reduced in nappers, compared to non-nappers. Furthermore, nappers were characterized by higher sleep efficiencies and REM sleep proportion during day- compared to nighttime naps. The nap group also presented altered modulation in sleepiness and vigilance performance at specific circadian phases.

Discussion
Our data indicate that napping is associated with an altered circadian sleep–wake propensity rhythm. They thereby contribute to the understanding of the biological correlates underlying napping and/or sleep–wake cycle fragmentation during healthy aging. Altered circadian sleep–wake promotion can lead to a less distinct allocation of sleep into nighttime and/or a reduced wakefulness drive during the day, thereby potentially triggering the need to sleep at adverse circadian phase.