bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retirement pension poverty among injured workers with long-term workers’ compensation claims
Authors: MacEachen Ellen , Hopwood Pamela , Crouch Meghan K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAchieving adequate incomes to sustain people in their retirement years is a challenge. This paper addresses poverty among injured workers of retirement age when they have been receiving workers’ compensation benefits. Guided by governmental management theory, we address procedures that have operated without media or scholarly attention, in order to highlight details in workers’ compensation retirement pension policy that contribute to injured worker poverty in older age in Ontario, Canada. We used a mixed methods approach, applying critical discourse analysis to explain (a) policies related to retirement income; (b) rationales that supported a legislative change that reduced retirement pensions; and (c) workers’ experiences of living with a workers’ compensation pension. Although workers’ compensation board retirement income policy was intended to make up for loss of contributions to the Canadian federal pension fund, the Ontario injured workers’ retirement pension now pays less than half of the amount workers would have received in the federal pension,a trend that is observable across Canadian provincial workers’ compensation boards. Legislative debates about the 1998 bill that halved the Ontario injured workers’ retirement pension centred on neoliberal logic of fiscal responsibility. Injured workers and key informants in this study expressed trepidation about injured workers’ financial futures.
Knowledge, attitude, and perception of energy drinks consumption among university students in Jordan
Authors: Thiab Samar , Barakat Muna , Nassar Razan I. , Abutaima Rana , Alsughaier Asem , Thaher Roa'a , Odeh Faten , Dayyih Wael Abu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Energy drinks gained popularity after the launch of Red Bull in 1997. Different brands are now available and young adults mainly consume these drinks. This study assesses the knowledge, attitude, and perception of energy drink consumption among university students in Jordan. A validated online survey was used to collect the required data, extracted from Google Forms into an Excel spreadsheet and statistically analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.0. A nationally representative sample of university students with a mean age of 22⋅2 ± 3⋅9 years (n 749) was obtained. The participating students demonstrated a neutral level of knowledge about energy drinks, as the mean score of knowledge = 7⋅1 ± 2⋅2 (out of 12), with 66 % (n 498) of them having consumed energy drinks and experienced their effects. Generally, the study's participants demonstrated a neutral attitude towards energy drinks and 70⋅5 % (n 528) acknowledged that energy drinks increase activity, but more than 70 % of them believed that energy drinks have harmful side effects. It was found that there is a significant (P-value <0⋅5) positive correlation between knowledge score and female gender, studying a medical major, and monthly income. The main reasons for consuming energy drinks were reported to be: to stay awake for longer, help study, and become more energetic. There is a need for more structured awareness campaigns to warn students about the possible side effects of these products in order to reduce the consumption and popularity of these drinks among students.
Dietary fat types consumption association with obesity and coronary indices
Authors: Al-Shami Islam , Al-Dalaeen Anfal , Alkhatib Buthaina , Agraib Lana M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article aims to study the different dietary fat types associated with obesity and coronary indices. A sample of 491 healthy adults was included in a cross-sectional manner. Dietary fats intake, obesity indices (conicity index (CI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body roundness index (BRI), and weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI)), and cardiovascular indices (cardiometabolic index (CMI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP)) were calculated and studied. Participants with an acceptable intake of omega-3 had a higher BRI score (1⋅90 ± 0⋅06v.1⋅70 ± 0⋅06). Participants with an unacceptable intake of cholesterol had a higher CI (1⋅31 ± 0⋅11v.1⋅28 ± 0⋅12;P= 0⋅011), AVI (20⋅24 ± 5⋅8v.18⋅33 ± 6⋅0;P <0⋅001), BRI (2⋅00 ± 1⋅01v.1⋅70 ± 1⋅00;P= 0⋅003), WWI (11⋅00 ± 0⋅91v.10⋅80 ± 0⋅97;P= 0⋅032), and lower AIP (0⋅46 ± 0⋅33v. 0⋅53 ± 0⋅33;P= 0⋅024). Total fat, saturated fat (SFA), and polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) intake had a significant moderate correlation with AVI and BRI. The monounsaturated fat (MUFA) intake had a significantly weak correlation with CI, AVI, BRI, WWI, and AIP. Cholesterol and omega-6 had weak correlations with all indices. Similar correlations were seen among male and female participants. The different types of fat intake significantly affected obesity and coronary indices, especially SFA and PUFA, as well as omega-3 and cholesterol. Gender and the dietary type of fat intake have a relationship to influence the indicators of both obesity and coronary indices.
DUNCAN BLACK: HEIR TO ADAM SMITH AND THE SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT
Authors: Aldrich John H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuncan Black, like Adam Smith before him, was trained at, and taught at, the University of Glasgow. Like Smith, Black followed the Enlightenment in appreciating the importance of theory and of its empirical applications. Black sought to apply the ideas of a schedule of preferences and a conception of equilibrium, to politics, as Smith had done in economics. Black believed that his median voter theorem could generalize to a theory of politics, much as Smith’s contributions did for market economics. Black did not complete that generalization, but William Riker did offer a theory of institutional politics, designed to complete Black’s project.
The elucidation of the life cycle of Saccocoelioides nanii Szidat, 1954 (Digenea: Haploporidae) using molecular techniques
Authors: Martinez L.E. , Gilardoni C. , Medina C. , Cremonte F. , Etchegoin J.A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In South America, the knowledge of trematode diversity parasitizing freshwater fishes is still scarce, as less than 5% of the freshwater fish fauna has been examined for parasites. A similar situation applies to studies on digenean life cycles, which have become increasingly rare. Among the digenean families parasitizing freshwater fishes in the region, Haploporidae is considered the richest in species diversity. However, information about the developmental stages of haploporid life cycles remains fragmentary. Particularly, in Argentina, nine cercariae attributed to the family Haploporidae have been described using morphological analysis, and only two life cycles of this family have been completely elucidated. In this study a new type of cercaria, morphologically assigned to the family Haploporidae and collected from the snail Heleobia parchappii (Cochliopidae) in Los Padres shallow lake, Buenos Aires province, was identified using morphological and molecular techniques. The molecular analysis, based on 28S and ITS2 sequences, revealed that the cercariae were 100% identical to adult specimens of Saccocoelioides nanii (Haploporidae) parasitizing the fish Prochilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae) from Los Talas, Buenos Aires province. Our results not only provide information about the life cycle of S.nanii but also show that a molecular and morphological approach can be extremely useful in identifying the developmental stages of digeneans and elucidating their life cycles.
Human Rights at the Edges of Late Imperial Britain: The Tyrer Case and Judicial Corporal Punishment from the Isle of Man to Montserrat, 1972–1990
Authors: Hilliard Christopher , Duranti Marco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn Tyrer v. United Kingdom (1978), the European Court of Human of Human Rights ruled that judicial corporal punishment contravened Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which proscribed “degrading treatment or punishment.” The case unfolded at a formative moment in British legal activism, as left-wing civil-liberties lawyers who had been wary of human rights discourse began taking cases to Strasbourg. The case also involved tactical challenges for British politicians and government lawyers. The case originated on the Isle of Man, which is close to the British mainland but constitutionally not part of the United Kingdom: it is a “crown dependency” with its own executive, legislature, and judiciary, and it persisted with judicial corporal punishment long after the practice had been abolished in Great Britain. By convention, the British government respected the island's laws and criminal-justice policies, but Britain was responsible for the island's compliance with international agreements—including the European Convention on Human Rights. How the British government dealt with the Isle of Man during and after the litigation had direct implications for a host of other small territories in what remained of the British empire—in particular, Britain's remaining Caribbean territories. The Tyrer case's protracted endgame was an object lesson in how much Britain's “unwritten” constitution depends on negotiation, manipulation, and avoiding the overt exercise of powers that might crumble upon use.
A semantic similarity-based method to support the conversion from EXPRESS to OWL
Authors: Liu Yan , Jian Qingquan , Eckert Claudia M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Product data sharing is fundamental for collaborative product design and development. Although the STandard for Exchange of Product model data (STEP) enables this by providing a unified data definition and description, it lacks the ability to provide a more semantically enriched product data model. Many researchers suggest converting STEP models to ontology models and propose rules for mapping EXPRESS, the descriptive language of STEP, to Web Ontology Language (OWL). In most research, this mapping is a manual process which is time-consuming and prone to misunderstandings. To support this conversion, this research proposes an automatic method based on natural language processing techniques (NLP). The similarities of language elements in the reference manuals of EXPRESS and OWL have been analyzed in terms of three aspects: heading semantics, text semantics, and heading hierarchy. The paper focusses on translating between language elements, but the same approach has also been applied to the definition of the data models. Two forms of the semantic analysis with NLP are proposed: a Combination of Random Walks (RW) and Global Vectors for Word Representation (GloVe) for heading semantic similarity; and a Decoding-enhanced BERT with disentangled attention (DeBERTa) ensemble model for text semantic similarity. The evaluation shows the feasibility of the proposed method. The results not only cover most language elements mapped by current research, but also identify the mappings of the elements that have not been included. It also indicates the potential to identify the OWL segments for the EXPRESS declarations.
Energy and nutrient content of school lunches provided for children attending school-based nurseries: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wall Claire J , Pearce Jo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjective:To nutritionally analyse lunches provided for 3–4-year-old children attending school nurseries. Energy and nutrient content are compared with nutrient frameworks underpinning voluntary guidelines for early years settings (EYS) and mandatory standards for infant schools (4–7-year-olds).Design:A cross-sectional study, recording all main meals, vegetarian meals, jacket potato options, sandwich options and all desserts and accompaniments provided over 5 consecutive days in each school. Two portions of each meal were collected each day and weighed. Recipe and portion weight data were entered into nutrient analysis software.Setting:School nurseries where lunch was provided by the school.Subjects:Nine schools, providing a total of 161 meals.Results:Lunches contained more energy (1881 kJ/450 kcal), fat (15·5 g), free sugars (10·5 g) and Na (424 mg) than suggested by the nutrient framework for EYS. Carbohydrate (60·6 g), protein (16·8 g), fibre (6·7 g), Fe (2·4 mg), Zn (2·0 mg), Ca (202 mg), vitamin A (304 µg) and vitamin C (19 mg) also exceeded minimum recommendations. Compared with a revised nutrient framework for infant schools, energy was within range, whilst saturated fat, free sugars and Na were above maximum recommendations for this age group, and Zn was below. Sandwich meals were lower in vitamin C (P < 0·001–P = 0·05) and Fe (P = 0·012–P = 0·017) and higher in Na (P < 0·001–P = 0·003) and Ca (P < 0·001–P = 0·05).Conclusion:Lunches provided for children attending school nurseries are more in line with the framework for 4–7-year-olds. Free sugars, saturated fat and Na are areas of concern consistent with previous studies. Protein is three times more than recommended. Large portions of cakes and biscuits contribute to excess energy provision.
African-Descended Women: Power and Social Status in Colonial Oaxaca, 1660–1680
Authors: Smith Sabrina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOn September 28, 1673, Catalina de los Reyes declared before the Royal Tribunal Court that she refused to surrender her property in Oaxaca's provincial capital of Antequera. Her land dispute with the bishop of Oaxaca shows how African-descended women navigated the court system in colonial Mexico and negotiated their social status in this Spanish colonial society. This article examines race and gender in colonial Mexico. It focuses on the ways in which local authorities attempted to confiscate one of the most valuable properties in Antequera from an African-descended woman named Catalina, as well as the strategies she used to challenge the social hierarchy in the city. By analyzing judicial records along with parish and census data, I argue that colonial women such as Catalina contested elite expectations of gender and race to redefine or secure their social status in colonial Oaxaca. My findings show that although colonial authorities marginalized African-descended women such as Catalina, these colonial women understood the judicial system in colonial Mexico, confronted authorities, and fought to retain their properties and their place in the social order. This article thus advances our understanding of the wide range of roles, experiences, and subjectivities of African-descended women in Spanish America.
Effect of passive shoulder exoskeleton support during working with arms over shoulder level
Authors: Brunner Annina , van Sluijs Rachel , Luder Tobias , Camichel Cherilyn , Kos Melanie , Bee Dario , Bartenbach Volker , Lambercy Olivier 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders have the highest prevalence of work-related health problems. Due to the aging population, the prevalence of shoulder pain in workers in physically demanding occupations is increasing, thereby causing rising costs to society and underlining the need for preventive technologies. Wearable support structures are designed to reduce the physical work load during physically demanding tasks. Here, we evaluate the physiological benefit of the DeltaSuit, a novel passive shoulder exoskeleton, using an assessment framework that conforms to the approach proposed in the literature.
In this study, 32 healthy volunteers performed isometric, quasi-isometric, and dynamic tasks that represent typical overhead work to evaluate the DeltaSuit performance. Muscle activity of the arm, neck, shoulder, and back muscles, as well as cardiac cost, perceived exertion, and task-related discomfort during task execution with and without the exoskeleton were compared.
When working with the DeltaSuit, muscle activity was reduced up to 56% (p < 0.001) in the Trapezius Descendens and up to 64% (p < 0.001) in the Deltoideusmedius. Furthermore, we observed no additional loading on the abdomen and back muscles. The use of the exoskeleton resulted in statistically significant reductions in cardiac cost (15%, p < 0.05), perceived exertion (21.5%, p < 0.001), and task-related discomfort in the shoulder (57%, p < 0.001).
These results suggest that passive exoskeletons, such as the DeltaSuit, have the potential to meaningfully support users when performing tasks in overhead postures and offer a valuable solution to relieve the critical body parts of biomechanical strains for workers at high risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
Statistical Relationship of Ionospheric Disturbances Caused by Typhoon Extinction on the Sea
Authors: Du Xiaohui , Zhou Chen , Xu Xiang , Dong Lei , Zhang Xuemin , Wang Zhuangkai , Liu Jing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on the data of magnetic field and electronic density of SWARM, and Total Electron Content, this paper screened six typhoons that died out on the sea. We studied how typhoons affected the ionosphere when they died out without the influence of topography and other factors. The statistical results show that during the extinction of typhoons, the magnetic disturbances all appeared, and the electron density disturbances were observed in five typhoons. The frequency of the electronic density disturbance is slightly higher than the magnetic disturbance. The range of the electronic density disturbance is mostly five or six hundred kilometers and relatively concentrated. The range of the magnetic disturbance can reach about two thousand kilometers and is relatively scattered. Our results indicate that the extinction of typhoon may affect the ionosphere through acoustic gravity waves (AGWs). The AGWs is not generated by friction, but may be from the typhoon itself or a new phenomenon when the typhoon dies out.
Crystallization of polarons through charge and spin ordering transitions in 1T-TaS2
Authors: Bozin E. S. , Abeykoon M. , Conradson S. , Baldinozzi G. , Sutar P. , Mihailovic D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe interaction of electrons with the lattice in metals can lead to reduction of their kinetic energy to the point where they may form heavy, dressed quasiparticles—polarons. Unfortunately, polaronic lattice distortions are difficult to distinguish from more conventional charge- and spin-ordering phenomena at low temperatures. Here we present a study of local symmetry breaking of the lattice structure on the picosecond timescale in the prototype layered dichalcogenide Mott insulator 1T-TaS2 using X-ray pair-distribution function measurements. We clearly identify symmetry-breaking polaronic lattice distortions at temperatures well above the ordered phases, and record the evolution of broken symmetry states from 915 K to 15 K. The data imply that charge ordering is driven by polaron crystallization into a Wigner crystal-like state, rather than Fermi surface nesting or conventional electron-phonon coupling. At intermediate temperatures the local lattice distortions are found to be consistent with a quantum spin liquid state.
Strong yet flexible ceramic aerogel
Authors: Su Lei , Jia Shuhai , Ren Junqiang , Lu Xuefeng , Guo Sheng-Wu , Guo Pengfei , Cai Zhixin , Lu De , Niu Min , Zhuang Lei , Peng Kang , Wang Hongjie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCeramic aerogels are highly efficient, lightweight, and chemically stable thermal insulation materials but their application is hindered by their brittleness and low strength. Flexible nanostructure-assembled compressible aerogels have been developed to overcome the brittleness but they still show low strength, leading to insufficient load-bearing capacity. Here we designed and fabricated a laminated SiC-SiOx nanowire aerogel that exhibits reversible compressibility, recoverable buckling deformation, ductile tensile deformation, and simultaneous high strength of up to an order of magnitude larger than other ceramic aerogels. The aerogel also shows good thermal stability ranging from −196 °C in liquid nitrogen to above 1200 °C in butane blow torch, and good thermal insulation performance with a thermal conductivity of 39.3 ± 0.4 mW m−1 K−1. These integrated properties make the aerogel a promising candidate for mechanically robust and highly efficient flexible thermal insulation materials.
PRO-IP-seq tracks molecular modifications of engaged Pol II complexes at nucleotide resolution
Authors: Vihervaara Anniina , Versluis Philip , Himanen Samu V. , Lis John T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRNA Polymerase II (Pol II) is a multi-subunit complex that undergoes covalent modifications as transcription proceeds through genes and enhancers. Rate-limiting steps of transcription control Pol II recruitment, site and degree of initiation, pausing duration, productive elongation, nascent transcript processing, transcription termination, and Pol II recycling. Here, we develop Precision Run-On coupled to Immuno-Precipitation sequencing (PRO-IP-seq), which double-selects nascent RNAs and transcription complexes, and track phosphorylation of Pol II C-terminal domain (CTD) at nucleotide-resolution. We uncover precise positional control of Pol II CTD phosphorylation as transcription proceeds from the initiating nucleotide (+1 nt), through early (+18 to +30 nt) and late (+31 to +60 nt) promoter-proximal pause, and into productive elongation. Pol II CTD is predominantly unphosphorylated from initiation until the early pause-region, whereas serine-2- and serine-5-phosphorylations are preferentially deposited in the later pause-region. Upon pause-release, serine-7-phosphorylation rapidly increases and dominates over the region where Pol II assembles elongation factors and accelerates to its full elongational speed. Interestingly, tracking CTD modifications upon heat-induced transcriptional reprogramming demonstrates that Pol II with phosphorylated CTD remains paused on thousands of heat-repressed genes. These results uncover dynamic Pol II regulation at rate-limiting steps of transcription and provide a nucleotide-resolution technique for tracking composition of engaged transcription complexes.
DNAJB6 mutants display toxic gain of function through unregulated interaction with Hsp70 chaperones
Authors: Abayev-Avraham Meital , Salzberg Yehuda , Gliksberg Dar , Oren-Suissa Meital , Rosenzweig Rina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMolecular chaperones are essential cellular components that aid in protein folding and preventing the abnormal aggregation of disease-associated proteins. Mutations in one such chaperone, DNAJB6, were identified in patients with LGMDD1, a dominant autosomal disorder characterized by myofibrillar degeneration and accumulations of aggregated protein within myocytes. The molecular mechanisms through which such mutations cause this dysfunction, however, are not well understood. Here we employ a combination of solution NMR and biochemical assays to investigate the structural and functional changes in LGMDD1 mutants of DNAJB6. Surprisingly, we find that DNAJB6 disease mutants show no reduction in their aggregation-prevention activity in vitro, and instead differ structurally from the WT protein, affecting their interaction with Hsp70 chaperones. While WT DNAJB6 contains a helical element regulating its ability to bind and activate Hsp70, in LGMDD1 disease mutants this regulation is disrupted. These variants can thus recruit and hyperactivate Hsp70 chaperones in an unregulated manner, depleting Hsp70 levels in myocytes, and resulting in the disruption of proteostasis. Interfering with DNAJB6-Hsp70 binding, however, reverses the disease phenotype, suggesting future therapeutic avenues for LGMDD1.