bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The novel serine protease tumor‐associated differentially expressed gene–15 (matriptase/MT‐SP1) is highly overexpressed in cervical carcinoma
Authors: Santin Alessandro D. , Cane' Stefania , Bellone Stefania , Bignotti Eliana , Palmieri Michela , De Las Casas Luis E. , Anfossi Simone , Roman Juan J. , O'Brien Timothy , Pecorelli Sergio 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDTumor‐associated differentially expressed gene–15 (TADG‐15/matriptase/MT‐SP1) is a novel transmembrane serine protease involved in numerous biologic processes, including activation of growth and angiogenic factors and degradation of extracellular matrix components. To assess the value of TADG‐15 as a possible marker for tumor detection and/or as a target for therapeutic intervention, the authors investigated the frequency of expression of TADG‐15 in human cervical tumors.METHODSTADG‐15 expression was evaluated in 19 cervical carcinoma cell lines (i.e., 11 primary tumor cell lines and 8 established cell lines) and in 8 normal cervical keratinocyte control cultures using reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). In addition, to validate gene expression data at the protein level, TADG‐15 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded tissue from which all 11 primary tumor cell lines were established.RESULTSTADG‐15 was expressed at high levels in 8 of 11 (73%) primary cervical carcinoma cell lines and in 6 of 8 (75%) established cervical carcinoma cell lines by RT‐PCR. Expression of TADG‐15 was found in 6 of 6 (100%) primary squamous cell cervical carcinomas, whereas 2 of 5 (40%) primary adenocarcinomas expressed TADG‐15. In contrast, none of the normal cervical keratinocyte control cultures (n = 4) or flash‐frozen normal cervical biopsy specimens (n = 4) expressed TADG‐15. Immunohistochemistry staining of paraffin embedded cervical carcinoma specimens confirmed TADG‐15 expression in tumor cells and its absence on normal cervical epithelial cells.CONCLUSIONSCervical carcinoma cells expressed high levels of TADG‐15, suggesting that this protease may play an important role in invasion and metastasis. Because TADG‐15 appears only in abundance in squamous tumor tissue and contains a proteolytic cleavage site, suggesting that the TADG‐15 protease domain is released, it may prove to be a useful diagnostic tool for the early detection of recurrent/persistent cervical carcinoma after standard treatment or as a novel molecular target for therapy in patients with cervical carcinoma. Cancer 2003. © 2003 American Cancer Society.
Effects of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands on proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Lee D.H. , Kang S.K. , Lee R.H. , Ryu J.M. , Park H.Y. , Choi H.S. , Bae Y.C. , Suh K.T. , Kim Y.K. , Jung Jin Sup 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) has been known to have many functions such as a role in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, steroidogenesis, calcium flow, cellular respiration, cellular immunity, malignancy, and apoptosis. However, the presence of PBR has not been examined in mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, we demonstrated the expression of PBR in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) and human adipose stromal cells (hATSCs) by RT‐PCR and immunocytochemistry. To determine the roles of PBR in cellular functions of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), effects of diazepam, PK11195, and Ro5‐4864 were examined. Adipose differentiation of hMSCs was decreased by high concentration of PBR ligands (50 μM), whereas it was increased by low concentrations of PBR ligands (<10 μM). PBR ligands showed a biphasic effect on glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity. High concentration of PBR ligands (from 25 to 75 μM) inhibited proliferation of hMSCs. However, clonazepam, which does not have an affinity to PBR, did not affect adipose differentiation and proliferation of hMSCs. The PBR ligands did not induce cell death in hMSCs. PK11195 (50 μM) and Ro5‐5864 (50 μM) induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. These results indicate that PBR ligands play roles in adipose differentiation and proliferation of hMSCs. J. Cell. Physiol. 198: 91–99, 2004. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resistance to UV‐induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes during accelerated senescence is associated with functional inactivation of p53
Authors: Chaturvedi V. , Qin J.‐Z. , Stennett L. , Choubey D. , Nickoloff B.J. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractCompared to proliferating keratinocytes (KCs), growth‐arrested KCs are relatively resistant to UV‐light induced apoptosis. When KCs undergo confluency, or following exposure to anti‐proliferative agents such as IFN‐γ plus a phorbol ester–12‐O‐tetradecanoylyphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA), they convert from a proliferative to a nonproliferative state resembling senescence. Since p53 regulates UV‐induced apoptosis of KCs, this report further characterizes p53 half‐life, post‐translational modifications, and transcriptional activity using cultured human KCs and living epidermal equivalents. The half‐life of p53 in KCs was longer than fibroblasts (greater than approximately 3 h vs. 30 min). Exposure of proliferating KCs to UV‐light induces post‐translational modifications of p53 including acetylation of lysine‐382 residues. By contrast, KCs undergoing irreversible growth arrest following confluency, or exposure to IFN‐γ plus TPA, were resistant to UV‐induced apoptosis, and failed to undergo the acetylation modification of p53. Exposure of KCs to IFN‐γ plus TPA reduced total cellular p53 levels and reduced the transcriptional activity of p53. Addition of Trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of de‐acetylation, increased acetylation of lysine‐382 in confluent KCs, thereby enhancing susceptibility of confluent cultures to UV‐induced apoptosis. Pre‐treatment of epidermal equivalents with IFN‐γ plus TPA also blocked UV‐light induced increase in p53 levels, and reduced apoptosis. In conclusion, these studies demonstrate that growth arrested KCs may resist UV‐light induced apoptosis by inactivating the pro‐apoptotic function of p53. J. Cell. Physiol. 198: 100–109, 2004. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differentiation‐dependent activation of the extracellular fatty acid binding protein (Ex‐FABP) gene during chondrogenesis
Authors: Giannoni Paolo , Zambotti Adriana , Pagano Aldo , Cancedda Ranieri , Dozin Beatrice 
Published: October 2003

AbstractChicken hypertrophic chondrocytes secrete the extracellular fatty acid binding protein (Ex‐FABP), a lipocalin not expressed by their undifferentiated precursors. Genomic clones coding for the full protein are here structurally and functionally analyzed. We first determined that the promoter sequence markedly differs from that reported for the homologous p20K, and we confirmed by genomic DNA Southern analysis the exactness of our sequence. This is of relevance since we have identified another lipocalin gene within the region of discrepancy, indicating thereby the existence of a lipocalin cluster within the same chromosomal locus. By transient transfections with 5′‐deletions and the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene, the region between nt −926 and nt −629 was shown to be strongly active, specifically in hypertrophic chondrocytes and not in dedifferentiated cells. Responsive elements for several potential transcription factors lay within this sequence. Among those, activating protein‐1 (AP‐1) was shown to be involved in the regulation of the Ex‐FABP gene during chondrocyte differentiation, as indicated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, AP‐1 site mutagenesis and functional interference assays.
J. Cell. Physiol. 198: 144–154, 2004. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytological evaluation of spermatogenesis within the germinal epithelium of the male European wall lizard, Podarcis muralis
Authors: Gribbins Kevin M. , Gist Daniel H. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe annual cytological changes to the male germinal epithelium were investigated in an introduced population of European wall lizards (Podarcis muralis). Testicular tissues were collected, embedded, sectioned by an ultramicrotome, and stained with the PAS procedure followed by a toluidine counterstain. Spermatogenesis in the lizard is divided into the proliferative, meiotic, and maturational phases. Wall lizards have a prenuptial pattern of spermatogenesis, where sperm development begins immediately prior to and continues through the months of breeding (April‐June). The testis then involutes, undergoes a short period of quiescence, and recrudescence commences in mid‐July. Germ cells undergo proliferation, meiosis, and the early stages of spermiogenesis (maturation) from late July through December. However, the late stages of spermiogenesis are retarded from December through February. Spermiogenesis continues at an accelerated pace from March through May, leading to a single massive spermiation event through the month of June. Although spatial relationships are seen between germ cells within the seminiferous epithelium, accumulation of spermatids during winter and acceleration of elongation in spring prevents determination of consistent cellular associations between early and late developing germ cells within the wall lizard testis. This temporal germ cell development is different from the consistent spatial development seen within seasonally breeding birds and mammals and may represent an evolutionary intermediate in terms of amniotic germ cell development. J. Morphol. 258:296–306, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Viviparous lizard, Eulamprus tympanum, shows changes in the uterine surface epithelium during early pregnancy that are similar to the plasma membrane transformation of mammals
Authors: Hosie Margot J. , Adams Susan M. , Thompson Michael B. , Murphy Christopher R. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe “plasma membrane transformation” describes a series of ultrastructural, biochemical, and morphological changes that occur in the uterus of many mammals at the time of blastocyst attachment. These changes, regardless of placental type or length of gestation, include alterations to microvillar length and density and the presence or absence of pinopods or uterodomes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to 1) document the topographical ultrastructure of the uterus of Eulamprus tympanum, an eastern Australian viviparous skink with a simple chorioallantoic placenta, for the first time; and 2) determine whether changes identified as “plasma membrane transformation” in mammals occur in E. tympanum. Tissues collected over three seasons from nonreproductive subadult females, preovulatory, postovulatory, and early to mid‐gestational females were examined. At low magnification the uterine epithelium of subadults displays a distinctive pattern of tissue folding that includes rectangular areas of tissue delineated by deep lateral and transverse folds. At higher magnification, the uterine epithelium surface is composed of two dominant cell types, i.e., those covered by microvilli and ciliated cells. The folding pattern observed in subadults is less evident in vitellogenic females and the cell surfaces appear highly secretory, with bulging cell apices. Tissue from postovulatory lizards has no distinctive folding pattern and cell surfaces are frequently smooth and lack microvilli. Uterine egg chambers lack ciliated cells at the embryonic pole, but display abundant secretory droplets. Thus, the uterus of E. tympanum undergoes a plasma membrane transformation. The scope of this transformation is not fully understood but may be related to the complexity of placental structure and the development of the embryo/fetus at parturition. J. Morphol. 258:346–357, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Designing and evaluating short teaching interventions about the epistemology of science in high school classrooms
Authors: Leach John , Hind Andy , Ryder Jim 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThis paper reports the design and evaluation of small‐scale teaching interventions addressing the epistemology of science as part of the regular high school science courses followed by English students. Although there is a growing consensus that the curriculum should include aspects of the nature of science, there is a limited body of knowledge about how this might be achieved in an already crowded curriculum. Single lessons were designed in order to raise epistemological questions in subject matter contexts likely to be encountered by students as part of regular teaching. This paper presents findings from an evaluation of the teaching, addressing both the impact of the resources and associated teaching strategies on student learning, and teachers' reactions to the interventions. The teaching interventions were successful in their aim of “opening up” epistemological issues with a majority of students. A significant minority of students did not make any progress in terms of their responses to diagnostic questions, even though they appeared able to participate in the lesson's activities. The paper concludes with a discussion of issues surrounding the design and implementation of teaching with an epistemological focus in the context of crowded science curricula. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 87:831–848, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/sce.10072
Psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist—civilian version
Authors: Ruggiero Kenneth J. , Ben Kevin Del , Scotti Joseph R. , Rabalais Aline E. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractWe examined the psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL), a self‐report instrument designed to assess symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Three hundred ninety‐two participants recruited in a university setting completed the PCL in addition to several well‐established self‐report instruments designed to assess various forms of psychopathology (e.g., depression, general anxiety, PTSD). Ninety participants returned for readministration of selected measures. Findings provided support for psychometric properties of the PCL, including internal consistency, test‐retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Additional strengths of the PCL are discussed.
The role of the iminosugar N‐butyldeoxynojirimycin (miglustat) in the management of type I (non‐neuronopathic) Gaucher disease: A position statement
Authors: Cox T. M. , Aerts J. M. F. G. , Andria G. , Beck M. , Belmatoug N. , Bembi B. , Chertkoff R. , Vom Dahl S. , Elstein D. , Erikson A. , Giralt M. , Heitner R. , Hollak C. , Hrebicek M. , Lewis S. , Mehta A. , Pastores G. M. , Rolfs A. , Sa Miranda M. C. , Zimran A. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractN‐Butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB‐DNJ, miglustat ‘Zavesca’) is an orallyactive iminosugar which inhibits the biosynthesis of macromolecular substrates that accumulate pathologically in glycosphingolipidoses. Clinical trials of NB‐DNJ in patients with Gaucher's disease demonstrate the therapeutic potential of such substrate inhibitors in the glycolipid storage disorders. However, macrophage‐targetted enzyme replacement using intravenous mannose‐terminated human glucocerebrosidase (imiglucerase, Cerezyme) is highly effective in ameliorating many of the manifestations of Gaucher's disease and is a treatment in widespread use. Given that imiglucerase and miglustat are now both licensed for the treatment of Gaucher's disease, there is a need to review their therapeutic status. Here the treatment of type 1 (non‐neuronopathic) Gaucher disease is evaluated with particular reference to the emerging role of oral N‐butyldeoxynojirimycin (miglustat) as a substrate‐reducing agent. This position statement represents the consensus viewpoint of an independent international advisory council to the European Working Group on Gaucher Disease.
Diagnosis of N‐acetylglutamate synthase deficiency by use of cultured fibroblasts and avoidance of nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay
Authors: Häberle J. , Denecke J. , Schmidt E. , Koch H. G. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractMolecular diagnosis of N‐acetylglutamate synthase deficiency (NAGSD) has become possible now that the corresponding gene has been identified. We describe the genetic analysis of a patient with NAGSD using low‐level transcripts derived from cultured fibroblasts. One defective allele (c.1306–1307insT) was detected by PCR amplification. However, the transcript from a second mutation (IVS3‐2A>T), causing aberrant splicing with the generation of a premature termination codon, was not detected until interference of nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay was abrogated by the translation inhibitor cycloheximide. We demonstrate that low‐level transcripts in cells that do not express significant enzyme activity are a valuable tool for molecular studies of genetic alterations, and suggest routine abrogation of nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay using cycloheximide when transcript analysis is performed.
Relationship between periodontal pocket sulfide levels and subgingival species
Authors: Torresyap G. , Haffajee A. D. , Uzel N. G. , Socransky S. S. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBackground: Many species implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease produce volatile sulfur compounds (VSC). This investigation examined the relationship between levels of sulfide and subgingival bacterial species in the same periodontal pockets.Material and Methods: Twenty chronic periodontitis subjects were measured clinically at six sites per tooth for plaque, gingivitis, bleeding on probing, suppuration, pocket depth and attachment level. Subgingival plaque samples, taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth, were individually analyzed for their content of 40 bacterial species using checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Sulfide levels were measured at the same sites using a Diamond Probe/Perio 2000 system. Clinical and microbiological data were averaged for sulfide‐positive and ‐negative sites separately in each subject and then averaged across subjects. Significance differences in clinical and microbial parameters between sulfide‐positive and ‐negative sites were sought using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test.Results: Mean total DNA probe counts (×105, ±SEM) at sulfide‐negative and ‐positive sites were 44.0±9.9 and 65.0±13.3, respectively (p<0.01). Seventeen species were found at significantly higher levels in sulfide‐positive than ‐negative sites. These included abundant producers of VSC such as members of the genera Fusobacterium, Campylobacter, Prevotella, Treponema and Eubacterium, and Bacteriodes forsythus, Selenomonas noxia and Propionibacterium acnes. Prevotella intermedia, Bacteriodes forsythus, Prevotella nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum ss vincentii and Treponema denticola exhibited the greatest difference in mean counts between sulfide‐negative and ‐positive sites. Orange and red complex species were at higher counts at shallow (<4 mm) sulfide‐positive than shallow sulfide‐negative sites. Although not statistically significant, mean clinical parameters were somewhat higher at sulfide‐positive than sulfide‐negative sites.Conclusions: Intra‐pocket sulfide levels reflect the levels of sulfide‐producing species and may provide useful diagnostic information.
Analysis of the relationship between the severity of periodontal destruction and proteoglycan metabolism of gingiva and gingival crevicular fluid
Authors: Huri Cenk Basil , Yamalik Nermin , Kilinç Kamer , Kilinç Asuman , Etikan Ilker , Eratalay Kenan 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBackground: Although it is well‐described that proteoglycans (PGs) are among the major non‐collagenous components of the matrix which are degraded during periodontal diseases, the relationship between PG metabolism and seventy of periodontal breakdown, the extent of degradation of PGs together with the resulting end‐products, and the elimination pathways of these catabolic end‐products is likely to need further clarification.Objective: The main aim of the present study was to analyze the possible impact of severity of periodontal destruction on PG metabolism of gingiva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).Material and methods: For this purpose, gingiva and GCF samples obtained from patients (n=45) exhibiting sites (n=57) with moderate periodontal breakdown (MP) or severe periodontal breakdown (SP) were analyzed for PG metabolism via spectrophotometric determination of uronic acid levels. Gingiva and GCF samples were obtained from the same sites in every patient to analyze the possible relationship between uronic acid content of gingival tissue and GCF.Results: No significant differences were found in uronic acid levels between sites with MP and SP (p>0.05). The uronic acid content of GCF and gingiva showed significant overlaps between MP and SP sites and uronic acid levels did not present any constant correlation with the clinical parameters (p>0.05). In a similar manner, uronic acid content of GCF and gingival tissue was not correlated (p>0.05).Conclusion: The lack of a significant correlation between the uronic acid content of gingival tissue and GCF may suggest that the passage of PG metabolites from gingiva to GCF is likely to be under the influence of multifactorial interactions rather than being linear. As a general measure of PG metabolism, uronic acid levels do not seem to be related with the severity of periodontal destruction and tend to act as different measures when compared to traditional clinical parameters.
Tribological testing of skin products: gender, age, and ethnicity on the volar forearm
Authors: Sivamani Raja K. , Wu Gabriel C. , Gitis Norm V. , Maibach Howard I. 
Published: October 2003

Background/purpose: Few studies have focused on the simultaneous measurement of the friction and electrical properties of skin. This work investigates the feasibility of using these measurements to differentiate between the effects of chemicals commonly applied to the skin. In addition, this study also compares the condition of the skin and its response to application of chemicals across gender, ethnicity, and age at the volar forearm.Method: Friction and electrical tests were performed on 59 healthy volunteers with the UMT Series Micro‐Tribometer (UMT). A 13‐mm‐diameter copper cylindrical friction/electrical probe was pressed onto the skin with a weight of 20 g and moved across the skin at a constant velocity of 0.4 mm/s. Each volunteer served as his or her own control. The friction and electrical impedance measurements were performed for polyvinylidene chloride occlusion and for the application of glycerin and petrolatum.Results: No differences were found across age, gender, or ethnicity at the volar forearm. Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) occlusion showed a small increase in the friction and a small decrease in the electrical impedance; petrolatum increased the friction by a greater amount but its effect on the impedance was comparable to PVDC occlusion; glycerin increased the friction by an amount comparable to petrolatum, but it decreased the impedance to a much greater degree than petrolatum or the PVDC occlusion. An amplitude/mean measurement of the friction curves of glycerin and petrolatum showed that glycerin has a significantly higher amplitude/mean than petrolatum.Conclusion: The properties of the volar forearm appear to be independent of age, gender, and ethnicity. Also, the simultaneous measurement of friction and electrical impedance was useful in differentiating between compounds administered to the skin.