bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Tailoring of Ionic Conductivity in Multicationic Substituted, High‐Entropy Lithium Argyrodite Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Lin Jing , Schaller Mareen , Cherkashinin Gennady , Indris Sylvio , Du Jianxuan , Ritter Clemens , Kondrakov Aleksandr , Janek Jürgen , Brezesinski Torsten , Strauss Florian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSuperionic conductors are key components of solid‐state batteries (SSBs). Multicomponent or high‐entropy materials, offering a vast compositional space for tailoring properties, have recently attracted attention as novel solid electrolytes (SEs). However, the influence of synthetic parameters on ionic conductivity in compositionally complex SEs has not yet been investigated. Herein, the effect of cooling rate after high‐temperature annealing on charge transport in the multicationic substituted lithium argyrodite Li6.5[P0.25Si0.25Ge0.25Sb0.25]S5I is reported. It is demonstrated that a room‐temperature ionic conductivity of ∼12 mS cm−1 can be achieved upon cooling at a moderate rate, superior to that of fast‐ and slow‐cooled samples. To rationalize the findings, the material is probed using powder diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with electrochemical methods. In the case of moderate cooling rate, favorable structural (bulk) and compositional (surface) characteristics for lithium diffusion evolve. Li6.5[P0.25Si0.25Ge0.25Sb0.25]S5I is also electrochemically tested in pellet‐type SSBs with a layered Ni‐rich oxide cathode. Although delivering larger specific capacities than Li6PS5Cl‐based cells at high current rates, the lower (electro)chemical stability of the high‐entropy Li‐ion conductor led to pronounced capacity fading. The research data indicate that subtle changes in bulk structure and surface composition strongly affect the electrical conductivity of high‐entropy lithium argyrodites.
Mitigating Surface Defects in Tin‐Based Perovskite Films with α‐Tocopherol for Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance
Authors: Ma Xue , Zhang Yu , Zhou Jianheng , Liu Lang , Ju Minggang , Wang Ning 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSurface defects in tin‐based perovskite films disrupt the periodic arrangement of atoms in crystals, making surface atoms more susceptible to interactions with water and oxygen molecules in the surrounding environment. The diffusion of oxygen ions into the perovskite interior leads to the formation of severe bulk defects, which compromises the performance of tin‐based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). As a result, surface defects are recognized as the primary source of degradation and require special attention. In this study, α‐Tocopherol (also known as vitamin E) into tin‐based perovskite films is introduced. Experimental results show that because of its larger volume, α‐Tocopherol does not enter the perovskite lattice. Instead, it forms van der Waals and hydrogen bond interactions with the formamidine ion (FA+) and the [SnI6]4− octahedron at the perovskite terminals. Through α‐Tocopherol passivation, both surface and interior oxidation of the perovskite are significantly suppressed as α‐Tocopherol firmly embeds itself on the perovskite surface. Density functional theory analysis confirms the inhibition of I─Sn antisite defects (ISn) and Sn interstitial defects (Sni), which possess deep trap states within the bandgap. Ultimately, it is demonstrated that α‐Tocopherol enhances the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 9.19% to 13.14% and prolongs the lifetime of tin‐based PSCs to over 50 days.
Boosted Oxygen Kinetics of Hierarchically Mesoporous Mo2C/C for High‐current‐density Zn–air Battery
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Ye , Xia Chenfeng , Su Yaqiong , Zu Lianhai , Zhao Zaiwang , Li Peng , Lv Zirui , Wang Jiazheng , Mei Bingbao , Lan Kun , Zhao Tiancong , Zhang Pengfei , Chen Weinan , Zaman Shahid , Liu Yi , Peng Liang , Xia Bao Yu , Elzatahry Ahmed , Li Wei , Zhao Dongyuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe high‐current‐density Zn–air battery shows big prospects in next‐generation energy technologies, while sluggish O2 reaction and diffusion kinetics barricade the applications. Herein, the sequential assembly is innovatively demonstrated for hierarchically mesoporous molybdenum carbides/carbon microspheres with a tunable thickness of mesoporous carbon layers (Meso‐Mo2C/C‐x, where x represents the thickness). The optimum Meso‐Mo2C/C‐14 composites (≈2 µm in diameter) are composed of mesoporous nanosheets (≈38 nm in thickness), which possess bilateral mesoporous carbon layers (≈14 nm in thickness), inner Mo2C/C layers (≈8 nm in thickness) with orthorhombic Mo2C nanoparticles (≈2 nm in diameter), a high surface area of ≈426 m2 g−1, and open mesopores (≈6.9 nm in size). Experiments and calculations corroborate the hierarchically mesoporous Mo2C/C can enhance hydrophilicity for supplying sufficient O2, accelerate oxygen reduction kinetics by highly‐active Mo2C and N‐doped carbon sites, and facilitate O2 diffusion kinetics over hierarchically mesopores. Therefore, Meso‐Mo2C/C‐14 outputs a high half‐wave potential (0.88 V vs RHE) with a low Tafel slope (51 mV dec−1) for oxygen reduction. More significantly, the Zn–air battery delivers an ultrahigh power density (272 mW cm−2), and an unprecedented 100 h stability at a high‐current‐density condition (100 mA cm−2), which is one of the best performances.
Enhancing the Stability and Efficiency of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with a Mixed Ammonium Ligands Passivation Strategy
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Jung , Kang Yu‐Jin , Kwon Sung‐Nam , Kim Do‐Hyung , Na Seok‐In 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe perovskite solar cell (PSC), which has achieved efficiencies of more than 26%, is expected to be a promising technology that can alternate silicon‐based solar cells. However, the performance of PSCs is still limited due to defects and ion migration that occur at the large number of grain boundaries present in perovskite thin films. In this study, the mixed ammonium ligands passivation strategy (MAPS) is demonstrated, which combines n‐octylammonium iodide (OAI) and 1,3‐diaminopropane (DAP) can effectively suppress the grain boundary defects and ion migration through grain boundaries by the synergistic effect of OAI and DAP, resulting in improved efficiency and stability of PSCs. It has also been revealed that MAPS not only enhances crystallinity and reduces grain boundaries but also improves charge transport while suppressing charge recombination. The MAPS‐based opaque PSC shows the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.29% with improved open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF), and retained 84% of its initial PCE after 1900 h at 65 °C in N2 atmosphere. Amazingly, the MAPS‐based semi‐transparent PSC (STP‐PSC) retained 94% of their maximum power (21.00% at around 10% AVT) after 1000 h under 1 sun illumination and MAPS‐based perovskite submodule (PSM) achieved a PCE of 19.59%, which is among the highest values reported recently.
Modification and Characterization of Starch‐Based Food‐Packaging Material by Cold Plasma as a Green Approach
Authors: Bayanloo Amir‐Hossein , Shahabi‐Ghahfarrokhi Iman , Hagh Nazari Simin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the modification of starch using cold plasma (CP) for 0, 30, 60, and 90 seconds. The prepared films are characterized (i.e., thickness, water vapor permeability, intrinsic viscosity, solubility in water, and moisture absorption). The thickness, water vapor permeability (WVP), intrinsic viscosity, solubility in water (SW), moisture absorption (MA), and roughness of the modified starch films increases with longer plasma‐processing time (PPT). Conversely, the contact angle and density of the films decreases. However, there are no significant changes observed in the moisture content and UV–Vis spectrum of the cold plasma‐irradiated starch (CPS) films. The CP treatment has some effects on the mechanical properties of the films, such as elongation at break and tensile energy to break, but the tensile strength remains unaffected by PPT. Additionally, CP has a significant impact on the visual properties of CPS films, with increased lightness and white index with longer PPT. Most of the observed characteristics are attributed to physical changes in the starch structure caused by etching. Overall, CP is considered a green, and easy for modifying starch‐based packaging materials. However, it is not an effective method for reducing the sensitivity of the films to moisture at the applied PPT.
Six‐Membered Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocyclic Anti‐Tumor Agents: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Li Jiatong , Gu Ao , Nong Xiao‐Mei , Zhai Shuyang , Yue Zhu‐Ying , Li Meng‐Yao , Liu Yingbin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCancer stands as a serious malady, posing substantial risks to human well‐being and survival. This underscores the paramount necessity to explore and investigate novel antitumor medications. Nitrogen‐containing compounds, especially those derived from natural sources, form a highly significant category of antitumor agents. Among these, antitumor agents with six‐membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles have consistently attracted the attention of chemists and pharmacologists. Accordingly, we present a comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies and clinical implications of these compounds in this review. This entails an in‐depth analysis of synthesis pathways for pyridine, quinoline, pyrimidine, and quinazoline. Additionally, we explore the historical progression, targets, mechanisms of action, and clinical effectiveness of small molecule inhibitors possessing these structural features.
Cisplatin induces acute kidney injury by downregulating miR‐30e‐5p that targets Galnt3 to activate the AMPK signaling pathway
Authors: Mao Weipu , Zhang Lei , Wang Yiduo , Sun Si , Wu Jianping , Sun Jie , Zou Xiangyu , Chen Ming , Zhang Guangyuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCisplatin nephrotoxicity is an etiological factor for acute kidney injury (AKI). MicroRNA (miRNA) expression is dysregulated in cisplatin‐induced AKI (cAKI) although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. A cAKI model was established by intraperitoneally injecting cisplatin, and key miRNAs were screened using high‐throughput miRNA sequencing. The functions of key miRNAs were determined using the cell viability, live/dead, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU) proliferation assays. Additionally, the macrophage membrane was wrapped around a metal–organic framework (MOF) loaded with miRNA agomir to develop a novel composite material, macrophage/MOF/miRNA agomir nanoparticles (MMA NPs). High‐throughput miRNA sequencing revealed that miR‐30e‐5p is a key miRNA that is downregulated in cAKI. The results of in vitro experiments demonstrated that miR‐30e‐5p overexpression partially suppressed the cisplatin‐induced or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced downregulation of cell viability, proliferation, upregulation of ROS production, and cell death. Meanwhile, the results of in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that MMA NPs alleviated cAKI by exerting anti‐inflammatory effects. Mechanistically, cisplatin downregulates the expression of miR‐30e‐5p, and the downregulated miR‐30e‐5p can target Galnt3 to activate the adenosine 5‘‐monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, which promotes the progression of AKI. Our study found that miR‐30e‐5p is a key downregulated miRNA in cAKI. The downregulated miR‐30e‐5p promotes AKI progression by targeting Galnt3 to activate the AMPK signaling pathway. The newly developed MMA NPs were found to have protective effects on cAKI, suggesting a potential novel strategy for preventing cAKI.
‘All we found were bones’: Veterinary workers’ distress and trauma after Australia's Black Summer bushfires
Authors: Paul Nicola K. , Cosh Suzanne M. , Lykins Amy D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAustralia's 2019/2020 Black Summer bushfires affected billions of animals, many of which were rescued and cared for by veterinary and animal care workers (VACWs). Little is known about VACWs’ disaster‐related experiences and how these experiences may affect them.MethodsWe used a convergent mixed‐methods design to explore how a variety of VACWs experienced the Black Summer bushfires. Data were gathered between April and July 2020. Participants (N = 93) were recruited via Facebook posts and emails that contained a link to an online survey. The survey included open‐ended questions about VACWs’ bushfire‐related experiences and quantitative measures of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, psychological distress, burnout and grief.ResultsParticipants reported a variety of bushfire‐related experiences and described several ways the disaster affected their work, personal lives and communities. Overall, participants scored highly on measures of psychological ill‐health.LimitationsOur cross‐sectional design and use of non‐probability sampling limited the generalisability of the results and may have introduced a response bias.ConclusionOur results contribute new information on the experiences of VACWs during and after bushfires and the psychological hazards they may face due to the extreme and prolonged stressors produced by such disasters. Implications for policy and veterinary practice are discussed.
Diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytic furunculosis in a polar bear (Ursus maritimus)
Authors: Wyatt Eleanor K. , Schmidt Vanessa , Buckley Laura 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA captive‐bred polar bear was presented for investigation of a non‐healing wound, suspected to be traumatic in nature. Histopathological examination of cutaneous samples, taken while the bear was under general anaesthesia, was compatible with dermatophytic furunculosis. The bear was treated with systemic itraconazole (5 mg/kg once daily) for 3 months, alongside topical 2% miconazole nitrate and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate twice weekly. Environmental decontamination of concrete flooring and metal handling facilities was performed with a detergent to remove organic matter, followed by 1:10 dilution of 5% sodium hypochlorite solution at least twice weekly and between the use of the facilities by different bears. Within 4 months, the ulceration had resolved, and the lesion had reduced to a 10 cm diameter patch of complete alopecia.
Clinical application of a described erector spinae plane block for locoregional anaesthesia technique in a cow undergoing standing laparotomy
Authors: d'Anselme Olivia , Gamsjäger Lisa , Ringer Simone Katja , Hartnack Amanda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA 5‐year‐old post‐parturient Holstein Friesian cow, with a history of decreased milk production, decreased appetite and metritis, was referred for left abomasal displacement, which was corrected by right paralumbar omentopexy. After aseptic preparation of the right flank, an erector spinae plane block was performed under ultrasound guidance, using 20 mL of lidocaine 2% per point of injection, at the level of the thoracic vertebra 13, and the lumbar vertebrae 1 and 2 to provide flank anaesthesia. The cow reacted to the last 2 cm of the oblique skin incision, that corresponded to the most caudal portion of the flank. After local infiltration of the distal incision with 20 mL lidocaine 2%, the procedure was uneventful, with no anaesthesia‐related complications and no reactions to surgical stimulation. The present report describes the clinical application of the erector spinae plane block to provide flank anaesthesia in a cow undergoing standing laparotomy.
Feasibility of electrodeionization for phosphate removal
Authors: Emir Goncagül , Engindeniz Direncan , Arar Özgür 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, electrodeionization (EDI) in bath mode was tested regarding its capability to remove phosphate (PO43−) ions from aqueous solutions. Various parameters affecting the phosphate removal rate via EDI were determined. The results showed that the phosphate removal rate depends on the applied voltage and that the optimum potential was 15 V, corresponding to a phosphate removal rate of 97%. Changing the stream rate of the phosphate‐containing solution also affected the phosphate removal rate. Changing the pH of the phosphate‐containing solution from 2 to 6 enhanced the phosphate removal rate from 80% to 97%. The presence of Cl−, NO3−, and SO42− ions did not affect the phosphate removal rate. The highest mass transfer coefficient (k) of phosphate was calculated to be 7.85 × 10−4 m/s, and the flux was calculated to be 3.72 × 10−4 mol/m2 s1 at a flow velocity of 3 L/h. Thus, the study results showed the feasibility of EDI as an alternative membrane process for removing phosphate from aqueous solutions.Practitioner Points

Electrodeionization was employed for the removal of phosphate.
The removal of phosphate exhibited dependence on applied potential.
EDI demonstrated a remarkable 97% efficiency in phosphate removal.
The pH of the solution was found to influence the removal rate.
The Social Focus Framework: Antiracist and Anticolonial Conscientization, Consequence, and Presencing in Science Education
Authors: Sanchez Anastasia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe are well past the point of accepting the rebranding or rearranging of science education with neutral standards and instructional practices that support and maintain goals of epistemic and human domination. These approaches within the colonial machinery of schooling that busy us up, feeling like action is being taken, merely mimic the rearranging of chairs on a sinking ship. As science educators committed to critical response-ability and radical care, the classroom can and should be a place of (un)learning, unraveling, and undermining logics of white supremacy and coloniality, while collectively grappling with consequential entanglements of science which threaten the lifeways and livingness of human and ecological kinfolx. To do so requires new ways to critically see, sense, and make seen, what is invisible from science teaching and learning visible to move toward pathways of antiracist and anticolonial “regenerative present futures.” Given this understanding and call for transformation, I offer up a pedagogical framework called the Social Focus, which provides the three relational and multidimensional learning principles of critical liberatory presencing, consequential concern, and critical consciousness to be elevated as new standard(s) and practice within and throughout all science and engineering learning.
Electroweak corrections to g + g → Hl,h and Hl,h → γ + γ in the Higgs-singlet extension of the Standard model
Authors: Sturm Christian , Summ Benjamin , Uccirati Sandro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We calculate the next-to-leading order electroweak corrections for Higgs-boson production in gluon fusion and the Higgs-boson decay into two photons or gluons in the real Higgs-singlet extension of the Standard model (HSESM). For the light Higgs-boson of the HSESM the electroweak corrections for these processes are of the same order of magnitude as in the Standard model. For the heavy Higgs-boson of the HSESM the electroweak corrections can become large depending on the considered scenario.
Entanglement entropy from form factors in $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$-deformed integrable quantum field theories
Authors: Castro-Alvaredo Olalla A. , Negro Stefano , Sailis Fabio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In two recent papers [1, 2] we have proposed a program of study which allows us to compute the correlation functions of local and semi-local fields in generalised $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

-deformed integrable quantum field theories. This new program, based on the construction of form factors, opens many avenues for future study, one of which we address in this paper: computing entanglement measures employing branch point twist fields. Indeed, over the past 15 years, this has become one the leading methods for the computation of entanglement measures, both in conformal field theory and integrable quantum field theory. Thus the generalisation of this program to $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

-perturbed theories offers a promising new tool for the study of entanglement measures in the presence of irrelevant perturbations. In this paper, we show that the natural two-particle form factor solution for branch point twist fields in replica theories with diagonal scattering admits a simple generalisation to a solution for $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

-perturbed theories. Starting with this solution, some of the known properties of entanglement measures in massive integrable quantum field theories can be generalised to the perturbed models. We show this by focusing on the Ising field theory. During the completion of this paper, we became aware of the recent publication [3] where the same problem has been addressed.
Hilbert series for ALP EFTs
Authors: Grojean Christophe , Kley Jonathan , Yao Chang-Yuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) are ubiquitous in popular attempts to solve supercalifragilisticexpialidocious puzzles of Nature. A widespread and vivid experimental programme spanning a vast range of mass scales and decades of couplings strives to find evidence for these elusive but theoretically well-motivated particles. In the absence of clear guiding principle, effective field theories (EFTs) prove to be an efficient tool in this experimental quest. Hilbert series technologies are a privileged instrument of the EFT toolbox to enumerate and classify operators. In this work, we compute explicitly the Hilbert series capturing the interactions of a generic ALP to the Standard Model particles above and below the electroweak symmetry scale, which allow us to build bases of operators up to dimension 8. In particular, we revealed a remarkable structure of the Hilbert series that isolates the shift-symmetry breaking and preserving interactions. In addition, with the Hilbert series method, we enumerate the sources of CP violation in terms of CP-even, CP-odd and CP-violating operators. Furthermore, we provide an supplementary file of the Hilbert series up to dimension 15 to supplement our findings, which can be used for further analysis and exploration.
Renormalisation group flows of deformed SYK models
Authors: Anninos Dionysios , Galante Damián A. , Sheorey Sameer U. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We explore computationally tractable deformations of the SYK model. The deformed theories are described by the sum of two SYK Hamiltonians with differing numbers, q and $$ \overset{\sim }{q} $$

q
~

, of interacting fermions. In the large N limit, employing analytic and numerical tools, we compute finite temperature correlation functions and thermodynamic quantities. We identify a novel analytically solvable model in the large q limit. We find that, under certain circumstances, the thermal RG flow in the strongly coupled infrared phase exhibits two regions of linear-in-temperature entropy, which we interpret in terms of Schwarzian actions. Using conformal perturbation theory we compute the leading relevant correction away from the intermediate near-conformal fixed point. Holographic spacetimes in two spacetime dimensions that reproduce the thermodynamics of the microphysical theory are discussed. These are flow geometries that interpolate between two Euclidean near-AdS2 spacetimes with different radii. The Schwarzian soft mode corresponding to the AdS2 region in the deep interior resides entirely within the geometric regime.