bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
East Asian-specific and cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analyses provide mechanistic insights into peptic ulcer disease
Authors: He Yunye , Koido Masaru , Sutoh Yoichi , Shi Mingyang , Otsuka-Yamasaki Yayoi , Munter Hans Markus ,   BioBank Japan, Murakami Yoishinori , Morisaki Takayuki , Nagai Akiko , Murakami Yoshinori , Tanikawa Chizu , Hachiya Tsuyoshi , Matsuda Koichi , Shimizu Atsushi , Kamatani Yoichiro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPeptic ulcer disease (PUD) refers to acid-induced injury of the digestive tract, occurring mainly in the stomach (gastric ulcer (GU)) or duodenum (duodenal ulcer (DU)). In the present study, we conducted a large-scale, cross-ancestry meta-analysis of PUD combining genome-wide association studies with Japanese and European studies (52,032 cases and 905,344 controls), and discovered 25 new loci highly concordant across ancestries. An examination of GU and DU genetic architecture demonstrated that GUs shared the same risk loci as DUs, although with smaller genetic effect sizes and higher polygenicity than DUs, indicating higher heterogeneity of GUs. Helicobacter pylori (HP)-stratified analysis found an HP-related host genetic locus. Integrative analyses using bulk and single-cell transcriptome profiles highlighted the genetic factors of PUD being enriched in the highly expressed genes in stomach tissues, especially in somatostatin-producing D cells. Our results provide genetic evidence that gastrointestinal cell differentiations and hormone regulations are critical in PUD etiology.
Low-field NMR with multilayer Halbach magnet and NMR selective excitation
Authors: Telfah Ahmad , Bahti Ahmed , Kaufmann Katharina , Ebel Enno , Hergenröder Roland , Suter Dieter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study introduces a low-field NMR spectrometer (LF-NMR) featuring a multilayer Halbach magnet supported by a combined mechanical and electrical shimming system. This setup offers improved field homogeneity and sensitivity compared to spectrometers relying on typical Halbach and dipole magnets. The multilayer Halbach magnet was designed and assembled using three nested cylindrical magnets, with an additional inner Halbach layer that can be rotated for mechanical shimming. The coils and shim-kernel of the electrical shimming system were constructed and coated with layers of zirconia, thermal epoxy, and silver-paste resin to facilitate passive heat dissipation and ensure mechanical and thermal stability. Furthermore, the 7-channel shim coils were divided into two parts connected in parallel, resulting in a reduction of joule heating temperatures from 96.2 to 32.6 °C. Without the shimming system, the Halbach magnet exhibits a field inhomogeneity of approximately 140 ppm over the sample volume. The probehead was designed to incorporate a solenoidal mini coil, integrated into a single planar board. This design choice aimed to enhance sensitivity, minimize $${B}_{1}$$

B
1

inhomogeneity, and reduce impedance discrepancies, transmission loss, and signal reflections. Consequently, the resulting linewidth of water within a 3 mm length and 2.4 mm inner diameter sample volume was 4.5 Hz. To demonstrate the effectiveness of spectral editing in LF-NMR applications at 29.934 MHz, we selectively excited hydroxyl and/or methyl protons in neat acetic acid using optimal control pulses calculated through the Krotov algorithm.
Seropositivity of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in Germany—an analysis across four German National Cohort (NAKO) study sites
Authors: Hassenstein Max J. , Pischon Tobias , Karch André , Peters Annette , Kerrinnes Tobias , Teismann Henning , Schneider Alexandra , Thierry Sigrid , Moreno Velásquez Ilais , Janke Jürgen , Kemmling Yvonne , Castell Stefanie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLyme borreliosis (LB) is caused by the transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. from ticks to humans. Climate affects tick abundance, and climate change is projected to promote shifts in abundance in Europe, potentially increasing human exposure. We analyzed serum samples collected between the years 2014–2019 from German National Cohort (NAKO) participants at four study sites (Augsburg, Berlin, Hanover, Münster) for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and line blot immunoassay as confirmatory test for positive and equivocal ELISA samples. We reported crude and weighted seropositivity proportions for local estimates. We used mixed model analysis to investigate associated factors, such as age, sex, migration background, or animal contacts. We determined the serostatus of 14,207 participants. The weighted seropositivity proportions were 3.4% (IgG) and 0.4% (IgM) in Augsburg, 4.1% (IgG) and 0.6% (IgM) in northern Berlin, 3.0% (IgG) and 0.9% (IgM) in Hanover, and 2.7% (IgG) and 0.6% (IgM) in Münster. We found higher odds for IgG seropositivity with advancing age (p < 0.001), among males compared to females (p < 0.001) and reduced odds among participants with migration background compared to those without (p = 0.001). We did not find evidence for an association between serostatus and depression, children within the household, or animal contact, respectively. We found low seropositivity proportions and indications of differences across the study locations, although between-group comparisons did not yield significant results. Comparisons to earlier research are subject to important limitations; however, our results indicate no major increases in seropositivity over time. Nevertheless, monitoring of seropositivity remains critical in light of potential climate-related Borrelia exposure.
The impact of healthy pregnancy on features of heart rate variability and pulse wave morphology derived from wrist-worn photoplethysmography
Authors: Bester M. , Almario Escorcia M. J. , Fonseca P. , Mollura M. , van Gilst M. M. , Barbieri R. , Mischi M. , van Laar J. O. E. H. , Vullings R. , Joshi R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to the association between dysfunctional maternal autonomic regulation and pregnancy complications, tracking non-invasive features of autonomic regulation derived from wrist-worn photoplethysmography (PPG) measurements may allow for the early detection of deteriorations in maternal health. However, even though a plethora of these features—specifically, features describing heart rate variability (HRV) and the morphology of the PPG waveform (morphological features)—exist in the literature, it is unclear which of these may be valuable for tracking maternal health. As an initial step towards clarity, we compute comprehensive sets of HRV and morphological features from nighttime PPG measurements. From these, using logistic regression and stepwise forward feature elimination, we identify the features that best differentiate healthy pregnant women from non-pregnant women, since these likely capture physiological adaptations necessary for sustaining healthy pregnancy. Overall, morphological features were more valuable for discriminating between pregnant and non-pregnant women than HRV features (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.825 and 0.74, respectively), with the systolic pulse wave deterioration being the most valuable single feature, followed by mean heart rate (HR). Additionally, we stratified the analysis by sleep stages and found that using features calculated only from periods of deep sleep enhanced the differences between the two groups. In conclusion, we postulate that in addition to HRV features, morphological features may also be useful in tracking maternal health and suggest specific features to be included in future research concerning maternal health.
Zellfreie Transplantat-DNA zur Diagnose und Monitoring bei
antikörpervermittelter Abstoßung nach
Nierentransplantation
Authors: Osmanodja Bilgin , Akifova Aylin , Budde Klemens , Beck Julia , Bornemann-Kolatzki Kirsten , Schütz Ekkehard , Oellerich Michael 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungEine antikörpervermittelte Abstoßung (antibody-mediated
rejection, ABMR) ist die häufigste immunologische Ursache für
einen späten Transplantatverlust. Mit der zellfreien Transplantat-DNA
(donor-derived cell-free DNA, dd-cfDNA) steht ein neuer
schädigungsspezifischer Transplantat-Biomarker zur Verfügung,
welcher eine höhere Sensitivität und Spezifität
für die Diagnose einer ABMR aufweist als Routine-Biomarker wie Kreatinin
und Albuminurie.Wir beschreiben den Fall eines 49-jährigen Patienten nach
Nierentransplantation, bei dem wir mittels dd-cfDNA frühzeitig die
Diagnose einer ABMR gestellt und anschließend das Therapieansprechen
überwacht haben. Der Patient hatte bereits früh nach der
Transplantation ein Kaposi-Sarkom als Komplikation der Immunsuppression
entwickelt, und wurde deshalb nach 5 Monaten von einer Standardimmunsuppression
(Tacrolimus, Mycophenolatmofetil, Methylprednisolon) auf eine duale
Immunsuppression mit Sirolimus und Methylprednisolon umgestellt. Hierunter
entwickelte der Patient ca. 1,5 Jahre nach Transplantation donorspezifische
Antikörper. Zwei Jahre nach Transplantation erfolgte die quantitative
Messung von zellfreier Transplantat-DNA im Plasma. Da die Werte wiederholt
über dem Cutoff von 50 Kopien/mL lagen, erfolgte die
Nierentransplantatbiopsie und sicherte die Diagnose einer aktiven ABMR nach der
Banff-Klassifikation 2019. Nach Ausschluss eines Rezidivs des Kaposi-Sarkoms
erfolgte die Therapieeinleitung mittels Plasmapherese und intravenösen
Immunglobulinen, sowie die Ergänzung der immunsuppressiven Therapie um
Mycophenolatmofetil. Hierunter konnte mittelfristig eine Reduktion der dd-cfDNA
unter den Cutoff, sowie eine Stabilisierung der Nierenfunktionsparameter
(Kreatinin und Albuminurie) erreicht werden.
Application of pipeline leakage detection based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor system and convolutional neural network
Authors: Duan Yuxing , Liang Lei , Tong Xiaoling , Luo BingShi , Cheng Biqiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Underwater pipelines are exposed to harsh environments, including high salinity, multi-modal vortex corrosion, and severe wave interference. Their safety is essential for the development and transportation of marine energy. Therefore, real-time safety monitoring of long-distance energy pipelines is of great strategic importance for ensuring the safety of life and property and energy security. With the rapid development of energy development, the corrosion and leakage mechanisms of natural gas pipelines, as well as their identification and early warning, have become the focus of attention. Optical fiber sensing technology has been applied to various energy safety monitoring fields. However, the mechanism of sound source fluctuations in pipeline leakage and the mutual coupling mechanism between distributed optical fiber sensing technology and leakage sound waves are not yet clear. This paper establishes a model based on sound wave propagation and leakage noise response, derives a quadratic fitting relationship between pipeline pressure fluctuations and leakage orifices and a relationship between leakage noise source standard deviation and orifices, and proposes a complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) permutation entropy underwater natural gas pipeline leakage signal recognition method based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing technology. The results of theoretical analysis are verified by experiments. It shows that the signal processing method of CEEMDAN permutation entropy is superior to traditional noise reduction methods, which can better preserve the features of the original signal; the radial basis function (RBF) neural network model can accurately identify four different leakage features with an accuracy of 88.15%, and its recognition stability and generalization ability are superior to convolutional neural network, backpropagation, and random forest. Therefore, the research results of this paper provide a new method for safety monitoring in the application of energy pipeline transportation engineering, and expand the potential application scenarios of distributed acoustic sensing sensor systems and RBF neural networks.
Resilience after a nuclear accident: readiness in using mobile phone applications to measure radiation and health indicators in various groups (SHAMISEN SINGS project)
Authors: Liutsko Liudmila , Oughton Deborah , Tomkiv Yevgeniya , Fattibene Paola , Monaca Sara Della , Nuccetelli Cristina , Goto Aya , Ohba Takashi , Lyamzina Yuliya , Tanigawa Koichi , Novikava Natallia , Chumak Vadim , Pirard Philippe , Charron Sylvie , Laurier Dominique , Croüail Pascal , Schneider Thierry , Barquinero Joan Francesc , Sarukhan Adelaida , Cardis Elisabeth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An anonymous web-based survey was developed to check different aspects (SHAMISEN SINGS project): stakeholder awareness and perceptions of available mobile applications (apps) for measuring ionising radiation doses and health/well-being indicators; whether they would be ready to use them in the post-accidental recovery; and what are their preferred methodologies to acquire information etc. The results show that participation of the citizens would be most beneficial during post-accident recovery, providing individual measurements of external ionizing dose and health/well-being parameters, with possible follow-up. Also, participants indicated different preferences for sources to gain knowledge on ionising radiation and for the functions that an ideal app should have. The level of awareness and readiness to use apps to measure ionising radiation dose depended on two main aspects: individual differences (age & gender) and whether people were from countries affected by the previous major accidents. We concluded that stakeholders could have benefits from the data management plan: (1) it potentiates resilience at individual and community level; (2) citizens’ measurements contribute to environmental monitoring and public health screening; (3) linkages between different types of data (environmental exposure, individual behavioural diaries, and measurements of health indicators) allow to perform more rigorous epidemiological studies.
Robust CNN architecture for classification of reach and grasp actions from neural correlates: an edge device perspective
Authors: Sultan Hajrah , Ijaz Haris , Waris Asim , Mushtaq Shafaq , Mushtaq Khurram , Khan Niaz B , Khan Said Ghani , Tlija Mehdi , Iqbal Jamshed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) systems traditionally use machine learning (ML) algorithms that require extensive signal processing and feature extraction. Deep learning (DL)-based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) recently achieved state-of-the-art electroencephalogram (EEG) signal classification accuracy. CNN models are complex and computationally intensive, making them difficult to port to edge devices for mobile and efficient BCI systems. For addressing the problem, a lightweight CNN architecture for efficient EEG signal classification is proposed. In the proposed model, a combination of a convolution layer for spatial feature extraction from the signal and a separable convolution layer to extract spatial features from each channel. For evaluation, the performance of the proposed model along with the other three models from the literature referred to as EEGNet, DeepConvNet, and EffNet on two different embedded devices, the Nvidia Jetson Xavier NX and Jetson Nano. The results of the Multivariant 2-way ANOVA (MANOVA) show a significant difference between the accuracies of ML and the proposed model. In a comparison of DL models, the proposed models, EEGNet, DeepConvNet, and EffNet, achieved 92.44 ± 4.30, 90.76 ± 4.06, 92.89 ± 4.23, and 81.69 ± 4.22 average accuracy with standard deviation, respectively. In terms of inference time, the proposed model performs better as compared to other models on both the Nvidia Jetson Xavier NX and Jetson Nano, achieving 1.9 sec and 16.1 sec, respectively. In the case of power consumption, the proposed model shows significant values on MANOVA (p < 0.05) on Jetson Nano and Xavier. Results show that the proposed model provides improved classification results with less power consumption and inference time on embedded platforms.
Beyond ray optics absorption of light in CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowire arrays studied experimentally and with wave optics modelling
Authors: Anttu Nicklas , Zhang Zhaojun , Wallentin Jesper 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We study experimentally and with wave optics modelling the absorption of light in CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowire arrays fabricated into periodic pores of an anodized aluminum oxide matrix, for nanowire diameters from 30 to 360 nm. First, we find that all the light that couples into the array can be absorbed by the nanowires at sufficient nanowire length. This behavior is in strong contrast to the expectation from a ray-optics description of light where, for normally incident light, only the rays that hit the cross-section of the nanowires can be absorbed. In that case, the absorption in the sample would be limited to the area fill factor of nanowires in the hexagonal array, which ranges from 13% to 58% for the samples that we study. Second, we find that the absorption saturates already at a nanowire length of 1000–2000 nm, making these perovskite nanowires promising for absorption-based applications such as solar cells and photodetectors. The absorption shows a strong diameter dependence, but for all diameters the transmission is less than 24% already at a nanowire length of 500 nm. For some diameters, the absorption exceeds that of a calculated thin film with 100% coverage. Our analysis indicates that the strong absorption in these nanowires originates from light-trapping induced by the out-of-plane disorder due to random axial position of each nanowire within its pore in the matrix.
Non-coplanar lung SABR treatments delivered with a gantry-mounted x-ray tube
Authors: O’Connell Jericho , Weil Michael D , Bazalova-Carter Magdalena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective. To create two non-coplanar, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) lung patient treatment plans compliant with the radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) 0813 dosimetric criteria using a simple, isocentric, therapy with kilovoltage arcs (SITKA) system designed to provide low cost external radiotherapy treatments for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Approach. A treatment machine design has been proposed featuring a 320 kVp x-ray tube mounted on a gantry. A deep learning cone-beam CT (CBCT) to synthetic CT (sCT) method was employed to remove the additional cost of planning CTs. A novel inverse treatment planning approach using GPU backprojection was used to create a highly non-coplanar treatment plan with circular beam shapes generated by an iris collimator. Treatments were planned and simulated using the TOPAS Monte Carlo (MC) code for two lung patients. Dose distributions were compared to 6 MV volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) planned in Eclipse on the same cases for a Truebeam linac as well as obeying the RTOG 0813 protocols for lung SABR treatments with a prescribed dose of 50 Gy. Main results. The low-cost SITKA treatments were compliant with all RTOG 0813 dosimetric criteria. SITKA treatments showed, on average, a 6.7 and 4.9 Gy reduction of the maximum dose in soft tissue organs at risk (OARs) as compared to VMAT, for the two patients respectively. This was accompanied by a small increase in the mean dose of 0.17 and 0.30 Gy in soft tissue OARs. Significance. The proposed SITKA system offers a maximally low-cost, effective alternative to conventional radiotherapy systems for lung cancer patients, particularly in low-income countries. The system’s non-coplanar, isocentric approach, coupled with the deep learning CBCT to sCT and GPU backprojection-based inverse treatment planning, offers lower maximum doses in OARs and comparable conformity to VMAT plans at a fraction of the cost of conventional radiotherapy.
Experimental investigation on magnetic field strength providing thrust saturation in a magnetic nozzle radiofrequency plasma thruster
Authors: Takahashi Kazunori , Sumikawa Soya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Magnetic field strength applied to a magnetic nozzle radiofrequency (rf) plasma thruster having a 10.5 cm diameter source tube is increased up to about 3 kG by pulsing the solenoid current. A target plate is installed at 30 cm downstream of the source and an impulse bit exerted to the target is measured to assess the thrust, where the thrust balance measurement was impossible due to the interaction between the pulsed magnetic fields and the eddy currents on surroundings. Since the diameter of the plasma plume at the target location is larger than the target diameter, a comparison between the thrust balance and target measurements under continuous magnetic field and rf power is performed prior to the pulsed magnetic field experiments, showing that about 65 percent of the plasma momentum is exerted to the target plate. Saturation of the impulse bit, being equivalent to the force multiplied by the rf pulse width, is clearly observed when increasing the magnetic field strength. The magnetic field providing the force saturation is found to be changed by the source diameter, which is qualitatively explained by considering a change in the plasma loss to the source wall in a thruster model containing the particle balance, power balance, and one-dimensional magnetic nozzle models. It is suggested that the magnetic field strength required for optimizing the force, i.e. the thrust, can be reduced when enlarging the source tube diameter.
Ambient seismic noise tomography of the Suwannee suture zone using cross-coherence interferometry and double beamforming
Authors: Barman Debajeet , Pulliam Jay , Quiros Diego A 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARY
We use continuous data from more than 200 vertical-component broad-band seismic stations for the years 2012 and 2013 to model the crustal and lithospheric structure of the southeastern United States (SEUS). Seismic interferometry via cross-coherence is used to retrieve the surface wave Empirical Green's function (EGF) between station pairs. We mitigate the problem of non-stationary sources contributing to the extracted EGF by applying double beamforming to pairs of subarrays of stations. The recovered Rayleigh waves are used to compute group velocity dispersion maps which are then inverted to find shear wave velocity profiles using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique. EGFs are computed for more than 80 000 station pairs after filtering to the period band 7–60 s. Results reveal tectonic features in the SEUS that support recent claims that the northernmost extent of the Suwannee suture is located near the boundary of the Carolinia and Charleston terranes and that the Charleston and Suwannee terranes are not seismologically distinct within the resolution limits of the data set.