bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Tale of Mummified Eggs in Urine of a US Veteran
Authors: Abusalem Lana , Roy Arya Mariam , Siddiqui Shagufta , Hodges Anissa , Thapa Priyenka , Dare Ryan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that remains a major threat to global health. Schistosoma is known to cause chronic urogenital infections with an increased risk of bladder carcinomas. We present a case of chronic latent Schistosoma haematobium infection in a US veteran identified several years after his active military duty in Iraq and Kuwait. This case highlights the need for proactive screening of returning veterans from endemic areas. It also leads us to wonder how many infected veterans remain undiagnosed, and how many of those who develop urothelial carcinomas had prior exposure to schistosomiasis during their service.
Development of a Protocol for the Direct Breastfeeding of Premature Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Authors: Kim Eun Sook , Min Hyun Gi , Lee Ji Yeon , Lee Ji Yoon , Yi Young Hee 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to develop a direct breastfeeding protocol for premature infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and investigate its efficacy.

Background:
Direct breastfeeding increases the amount and duration of breastfeeding. However, NICUs have low direct feeding rates owing to medical staff anxiety, lack of knowledge and experience, and fear of overwork. Accordingly, this study developed a protocol for direct breastfeeding in the NICU and evaluated its effect.

Methods:
The protocol was developed through a literature review, expert validation, and preliminary investigation. Its application effects were identified using a nonexperimental, evidence-based research design targeting premature infants, their mothers, and NICU nurses.

Results:
The protocol comprised 5 areas and 23 items. Application of the protocol resulted in continuous weight gain of the infants and increased self-efficacy in the mothers' direct breastfeeding (t = 3.219, P = .004). Significant increases were noted in NICU nurses' direct breastfeeding activities (t = 3.93, P < .001), breastfeeding rates in the NICU (P = .037), and direct breastfeeding rates (P = .007).

Conclusions:
Results underscore the value of an evidence-based protocol for improving breastfeeding rates in premature infants. This study highlights the need for continuous nursing education on protocol applications and human resource support.
What Clinical Parameter Strongly Associates White Matter Tract Alterations in a Multiple Sclerosis Population With Voiding Dysfunction? A Prospective Exploratory Study
Authors: Mazeaud C. , Choksi Darshil , Tran Khue , Schott Bradley , Jang Yongchang , Salazar B. H. , Karmonik C. , Khavari R. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To correlate clinical and urodynamics parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) presenting lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) with both Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and changes in white matter integrity as seen on diffusion tensor images (DTIs). LUTS worsen throughout MS, as does lesion burden. We investigated which symptoms correlated best with structural changes in the white matter structure.

Materials and Methods:
Ten adult women >18 years were recruited with stable MS for ≥ 3 months and voiding dysfunction defined as % of post-void residual/bladder volume (%PVR/BV) > 20%. Patients participated in a clinical Urodynamic Study and completed several questionnaires (ie, Hamilton Rating Scale, American Urologic Association Symptom Score, NBS-QoL). DTI images were acquired using a 7-Tesla Siemens MAGNETOM Terra MRI scanner. DTI maps were constructed, and individual patients were coregistered with the International Consortium of Brain Mapping-DTI-81 white matter atlas to extract fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity (MD). Pearson's correlation test was performed between each white matter tracts (WMT) and clinical parameters and between clinical parameters and the EDSS score as well. P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
Of the clinical parameters, %PVR/BV obtained from the average of multiple un-instrumented uroflow assessments had significant correlations with the greatest number of WMTs. Furthermore, we observed that in all recorded clinical parameters, %PVR/BV was the only significant parameter correlated with the EDSS score.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates that %PVR/BV can be used as an objective parameter to gauge WMT changes and disease progression in patients with MS. Future studies are needed to refine this model.
Training in interventional pulmonology: a leap into the future
Authors: Lamb Carla , Sachdeva Ash 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
This review holds significant relevance and is timely; as of June 2022, the United States Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) formally recognized interventional pulmonary medicine as a novel subspecialty with a unique fellowship training program pathway beyond Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine. This recognition stands as a culmination of extensive efforts spanning decades, aimed at establishing a specialized training program for interventional pulmonary medicine beyond traditional Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowship in the United States. Globally, there are apprenticeship models in non-US programs with ongoing efforts to further standardize training in interventional pulmonary medicine. It underscores the progressive evolution and innovative nature inherent to this subspecialty, signifying a distinctive leap forward in medical education and practice, which calls for further inventive development of training tools and standardized educational delivery.

Recent findings
Newly discovered insights from the recent literature review will highlight methodologies of procedural education and innovative training approaches. These findings will underscore the significance of standardized curriculum development within the field as well as ongoing challenges.

Summary
Identifying and addressing future challenges in integrating new technologies into clinical education and broadening the educational scope of trainees in this newly recognized subspecialty is crucial for enhancing competency. The implications of moving toward a more standardized process, creating new clinical pathways with research, and adopting emerging minimally invasive technologies aim to impact patient outcomes in both nonmalignant and malignant thoracic diseases. This progressive shift is redefining the specialty, moving beyond specific procedures, and pivoting towards a more distinct educational pathway. Such a transformation will lead to more diverse, comprehensive, and evidence-based driven patient care delivery.
Clinical efficacy of rhGM-CSF gel and medical collagen sponge on deep second-degree burns of infants: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Luo Bin , Sun Hai-Tao , Wang Yu-Ting , Zhang Jin-Cheng , Xu Bai , Ji Xian-Zhen , Xie Rui-Zhang , Liu Qiong , Chen Ru-Jun 
Published: January 2024

Background:
This study aimed to observe clinical efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) gel, medical collagen sponge and rhGM-CSF gel in combination with medical collagen sponge on deep second-degree burns of head, face or neck in infants.

Methods:
A total of 108 infants with deep second-degree burns on head, face or neck were randomly divided into rhGM-CSF group, medical collagen sponge group, and rhGM-CSF + medical collagen sponge group. The scab dissolving time, healing time, bacterial positive rate and Vancouver scar scale were evaluated and analyzed.

Results:
The data analysis showed that scab dissolving time and healing time were shorter in rhGM-CSF + medical collagen sponge group than that in rhGM-CSF group and medical collagen sponge group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). Bacterial positive rate was lower in rhGM-CSF + medical collagen sponge group than that in rhGM-CSF group and medical collagen sponge group (P < .05). After 3 months, score of Vancouver scar scale (scar thickness, pliability, pigmentation and vascularity) was less in rhGM-CSF + medical collagen sponge group than that in rhGM-CSF group and medical collagen sponge group (P < .05).

Conclusion:
rhGM-CSF gel in combination with medical collagen sponge is significantly effective in treating deep second-degree burns of head, face or neck in infants. This combination is beneficial for infection control, acceleration of scab dissolving and wound healing, and reduction of scar hyperplasia and pigmentation, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
Case report on postoperative coagulation abnormalities
Authors: Zhou Hongjing , Tang Yanyan , Zhang Yongtian , Zhu Yejing , Dong Shasha 
Published: January 2024

Rationale:
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is defined as a localized dilation of cerebral arteries. With the continuous development of modern medical technology, surgery is still one of the main treatment methods. Although there are various postoperative complications, abnormal coagulation function is rare, especially those caused by lupus antibodies after surgery. The patient not only experienced postoperative abnormalities in coagulation function, but also discovered the presence of lupus anticoagulants in their body. Is the patient suffering from coagulation dysfunction caused by lupus anticoagulants, how is lupus anticoagulant produced, and what’s special about treatment. With these questions in mind, we reviewed the entire treatment process of the patient.

Patient concerns:
A 69-year-old woman presented with “headache and dizziness with neck pain” and was eventually diagnosed with IA hemorrhage. The patient underwent craniotomy under general anesthesia, and provided targeted support and treatment. Postoperative symptoms such as coma and intermittent fever occurred, and coagulation indicators were generally normal. After symptomatic support treatment, such as anti-infection treatment, the patient’s temperature was gradually controlled. However, the abnormal clotting index and the efficacy of symptomatic therapeutic support, such as supplementation with coagulation factors, were not good. After further examination, the lupus anticoagulant was found, which provided us with a new treatment idea.

Diagnoses:
Coagulation disorders, postoperative IA, hypertension grade 3 (extremely high risk), coronary atherosclerotic atheropathy, and type 2 diabetes.

Interventions:
The patient developed abnormal coagulation function after craniotomy, and symptomatic support treatment with coagulation factor supplementation and plasma infusion was ineffective. Finally, the lupus anticoagulant was found after a series of relevant examinations. After timely adjustment of the treatment plan, the patient’s coagulation indices gradually improved.

Outcomes:
In this report, we present the case of a patient with abnormal coagulation function caused by the lupus anticoagulant after IA surgery.

Lessons:
The coagulation function of the patient was abnormal after craniocerebral operation. After coagulation factor supplementation, the coagulation index of the patient was still not well improved. After further examination, the lupus anticoagulant was found. The treatment plan was actively adjusted, and the patient’s condition gradually improved. Early recognition can allow doctors to provide appropriate therapy to patients.
Use total portosystemic shunt to rescue an emergency PNF with intractable hypotension: A case report
Authors: Zhang Yuncong , Dong He , Zhang Xue , Wang Juntao 
Published: January 2024

Rationale:
Living donor allogeneic liver transplantation is a surgical treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease, wherein a healthy liver is implanted in the patient, facilitating the recovery of the liver function in patients with end-stage liver disease. However, primary nonfunction (PNF) may occur as a result of this procedure.

Patient concerns:
A case of an 65-year-old Asian male with a medical history of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is described. Intractable hypotension occurred after open hepatic portal anastomosis, and large doses of vasoactive substances did not improve the condition.

Diagnosis:
PNF was diagnosed during surgery and it caused intractable hypotension.

Interventions:
we promptly used the total portosystemic shunt to achieve a successful rescue.

Outcomes:
The strengthening of perioperative management and active treatment allowed second liver transplantation and anhepatic phase of up to 10 hours, following which the patient was rescued.

Lessons:
The lesson we have learned is that total portosystemic shunt composited with careful anesthesia management can rescue the event of PNF with intractable hypotension in liver transplantation surgery. At the same time, we give attention to blood pressure, electrocardiogram, albumin, calcium, potassium, acidosis, coagulopathy, anti-infection, and protection of vital organs is essential for successful retransplant outcomes.
Identifying China’s distinctive academic fields among the top 2% of influential scientists: A bibliometric analysis using Rasch KIDMAP
Authors: Wu Alice-Like , Chou Willy 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Leading scientists worldwide are recognized by their placement in the top 2% based on their career-spanning contributions, as categorized by the Science-Metrix classification. However, there has been little focus on the unique scientific fields and subfields that separate countries. Although the KIDMAP in the Rasch model has been utilized to depict student performance, its application in identifying distinctive academic areas remains unexplored. Our study uses this model to pinpoint unique research domains specific to countries based on the top 2% author data.

Methods:
We sourced our data from Elsevier career-long author database updated until the end of 2022. This encompassed 168 countries, 22 scientific domains, and 174 subdomains in 2021 and 2022 (with a total of 194,983 and 204,643 researchers, respectively). Our approach was threefold: identifying unique fields, subfields, and researchers. Visualizations included scatter plots, KIDMAP, and the Impact Bam Plot (IBP). China distinctive research areas were identified using the Rasch KIDMAP.

Results:
Key insights include the following: The US prevailing dominance in scientific domains in both 2021 and 2022. China distinct contribution in the “Enabling & Strategic Technologies” domain. China notable emphasis on the “Complementary & Alternative Medicine” subfield in 2022. Dr Phillip Low from the Mayo Clinic (US) emerged as a leading figure in the General & Internal Medicine research domain.

Conclusions:
Despite trailing the US in global research achievements, China showcased pronounced expertise in specific scientific areas, such as the “Complementary & Alternative Medicine” subfield in 2022, when compared to China other subfields based on the level of academic performance (−3.09 logits). Future research could benefit from incorporating KIDMAP visuals to gauge other countries’ strengths in various research sectors, expanding beyond the China-centric focus in this study.
Meta-analysis of the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for stage IB non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Siqi , Wan Sha , Feng Jinghui , Pang Yaqi , Wang Haiqing , Zeng Hui , Xu Xinhua 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Many clinical trials have shown that postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy can provide a survival benefit for patients with stage IB non-small cell lung cancer. However, whether adjuvant chemotherapy should be routinely given after surgery remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy versus surgery alone for stage IB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods:
Relevant retrospective studies or randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation on the survival outcomes of NSCLC patients up to October 30, 2023 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, VIP database, Wanfang database, and China National Knowledge Internet database. Patient survival data, population characteristics, and other relevant information were extracted, and data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4. The primary endpoints included overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence-free survival.

Results:
A total of 13 randomized controlled trials or cohort studies including 19,442 patients were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage IB NSCLC had better overall survival (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–1.31, P < .00001) and disease-free survival or recurrence-free survival (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.3–1.9, P < .00001) compared with observation; and the 4-year survival rate of patients who received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was better than the observation group (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.05–2.18, P = .03); and the 8-year survival rate of patients receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (OR = 1.5, 95% CI 0.94–2.4, P = .09) was comparable to the observation group.

Conclusion:
Receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy improved people’s survival and prolonged disease-free survival and recurrence-free survival in patients with stage IB non-small cell lung cancer compared with surgery alone.
A 30-year-old female with dermatomyositis without high elevation of muscle enzymes: a rare case report from Syria
Authors: Hamsho Suaad , Sleiay Bilal , Sleiay Mouhammed , Batrash Obeda , Alabdullah Hadi , Aboud Majed 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and importance:
Dermatomyositis (DM), sometimes referred to as inflammatory and degenerative changes in the skin and muscles, is a rare autoimmune disorder. DM is distinguished by myopathic disease, symmetrical proximal muscle weakness, and increased creatine kinase (CK).

Case presentation:
A 30-year-old-female presented to the department of dermatology with a history of chronic right hand pain spreading to the shoulder, severe tachycardia, and dyspenia that increased during routine tasks like using the bathroom. What makes this case unique is that the CPK developed without doubling, and the final concentration was 207 ng/ml. Other common clinical symptoms include amyopathic/hypomyopathic muscle involvement and DM-specific rash (Gottron’s papules, heliotrope rash), and these manifestations were in our patients. Sun protection, topical treatment with corticosteroids and/or calcineurin inhibitors, and systemic medication should be utilized for all individuals with nonvasculopathic disease. In our case, the patient stopped using azathioprine and began taking methotrexate.

Clinical discussion:
Sun protection, topical therapy with corticosteroids and/or calcineurin inhibitors, and systemic medication should be utilized in layers for all individuals with nonvasculopathic illnesses. Mycophenolat Mofetil is beneficial in treating refractory illnesses as well as individuals with interstitial lung disease or substantial skin disease.

Conclusion:
Even if test findings are not conclusive, dermatomyositis should always be considered when muscular weakness manifests. It’s important to distinguish the disorder from connective tissue diseases like lupus erythematosus. In fact, to correctly diagnose DM, if there are any doubts, a muscle biopsy is required.
Severe re-impacted deciduous tooth in 25-years-old female with permanent dentition associated to high-risk oral-sinus communication surgery: a rare case report
Authors: Soualem Hajar , Chami Bassima 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and importance:
The total re-impaction of primary tooth is a very uncommon phenomenon and few cases have been reported in the literature. “Re-Impaction of deciduous tooth ” is a rare phenomena involving more often mixed denture than permanent dentition.

Case presentation:
A completely re-impacted deciduous tooth in an adult patient presented an occlusal tooth decay. The presence of the decay cavity indicated that this tooth had once been erupted. After the removal, the tooth anatomy confirmed that it was deciduous tooth.

Clinical discussion:
The etiologies remain diverse but the local contributing factors local factors include odontomas, ankylosis, congenitally missing permanent teeth, trauma. The early diagnosis by knowledge of the clinical and radiological image of re-impaction allows early detection, which in turn prevents subsequent complications

Conclusion:
The clinicians must be aware that late discovery managing re-impacted and severely infraoccluded deciduous tooth is in risk of causing permanent injury.
Comparison of ventriculoperitoneal shunt versus endoscopic third ventriculostomy in managing hydrocephalus due to tuberculous meningitis: a randomized controlled trial with a 30-day follow-up
Authors: Raut Rupesh , Shams Shahzad , Scalia Gianluca , Umana Giuseppe Emmanuele , Ranganathan Sruthi , Rasheed Muddassar , Vats Atul , Chaurasia Bipin 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Hydrocephalus is a significant complication arising from tuberculous meningitis (TBM). While ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) remains the primary surgical approach for TBM-related hydrocephalus, there is a rising trend in the use of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV).

Materials and methods:
This randomized controlled trial, conducted from February 2018 to July 2019, enroled 60 patients aged 20–50 with TBM-related hydrocephalus. Patients underwent either VPS or ETV. Both groups were followed up for a minimum of 30 days, evaluating clinical outcomes and modifications in the modified Vellore grading system. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessments were conducted at 7-days and 30-day post-surgery for both groups.

Results:
The mean GCS scores were comparable between the two groups on the 7th and 30th postoperative days. The association between modified Vellore Grade and treatment modality did not show statistically significant differences (P=1.0 and P=0.3) on the seventh and thirtieth postoperative days respectively.

Conclusions:
Both VPS and ETV demonstrate efficacy in managing hydrocephalus secondary to TBM in adult patients. Our 30-day outcomes did not reveal discernible differences between the two procedures. Therefore, considering technical expertise and experience with ETV, it may be considered as the primary choice for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion in TBM-associated hydrocephalus, owing to its avoidance of several lifelong complications linked with VPS.