bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sargachromenol Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells and LPS-treated Mice
Authors: Joung Eun-Ji , Lee Min-Kyeong , Lee Minsup , Gwon Misung , Shin Taisun , Ryu Heeyeon , Jeong Hyeon Hak , Kim Myeong-Jin , Van Ji Yun , Kim Jae-Il , Choi Jinkyung , Jung Won-Kyo , Kim Hyeung-Rak , Lee Bonggi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of sargachromenol in both RAW 264.7 cells and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice, as previous reports have suggested that sargachromenol possesses anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. Although the precise mechanism behind its anti-inflammatory activity remains unclear, pretreatment with sargachromenol effectively reduced the production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and interleukin (IL)-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2. Moreover, sargachromenol inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by preventing the degradation of the inhibitor of κB-α (IκB-α) and inhibiting protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated cells. We also found that sargachromenol induced the production of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by activating the nuclear transcription factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In LPS-treated mice, oral administration of sargachromenol effectively reduced the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum, suggesting its ability to suppress the production of inflammatory mediators by inhibiting the Akt/NF-κB pathway and upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Investigation of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG Levels in Breast Milk after Vaccination or COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Temocin Fatih , Çaycı Yeliz Tanrıverdi , Seren Canan , Kuruoglu Tuba , Atilla Aynur , Birinci Asuman , Tanyel Esra 
Published: October 2023

Objective Newborns are vulnerable to all types of infections due to their developing immune system. To compensate for their immune immaturity, newborns rely on the passive transfer of antibodies through the placenta and own mother's breast milk (BM). In the present study, we investigated whether vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 leads to the presence of antibodies in BM. Furthermore, we compared the levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific anti-spike (anti-S) IgG antibodies in the BM of mothers who were vaccinated against Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or had coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection naturally or were vaccinated after natural infection.
Study Design This was a prospective cohort study conducted in the Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine. Forty-six mothers who had at least two doses of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA-based vaccine and/or had a history of symptomatic COVID-19 infection were included in the study. BM samples were analyzed by the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant kit following the manufacturer's instructions.
Results Forty-six mothers with an average age of 29.7 ± 5.7 years participated the study: 18 (39.1%) had COVID-19 infection + BTN162b2 vaccine, 17 (37.0%) had BTN162b2 vaccine, and 11 (23.9%) had natural infection. The highest SARS-CoV-2-specific anti-S IgG antibody titers in BM were found in mothers who were vaccinated following the infection (anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG: 32.48 ± 57.1 arbitrary units AU/mL). However, no significant difference in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels was observed between the three groups (p = 0.641). No antibody was detected in 15.2% of BM samples.
Conclusion Both vaccination and natural COVID-19 infection during pregnancy leads to the passive transfer of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies to BM. These results are important to overcome vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccination levels in expectant mothers.
Key Points
Bone Fracture-healing Properties and UPLC-MS Analysis of an Enriched Flavonoid Fraction from Oxystelma esculentum
Authors: Rawat Priyanka , Sharma Kriti , Khanka Sonu , Singh Yatendra , Prakash Ravi , Rais Nisha , Maurya Arvind Kumar , Gupta Ritika , Mishra Dipak K. , Singh Divya , Kanojiya Sanjeev 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Oxystelma esculentum has been used as a folk medicine to treat jaundice, throat infections, and skin problems. In the current study, the bone fracture-healing properties of a
flavonoid-enriched fraction (Oxy50-60F) of O. esculentum were investigated in Swiss mice using a drill-hole injury model. Oxy50-60F (1 mg/kg/day, 5 mg/kg/day, and 10 mg/kg/day) was
administered orally (from the next day) after a 0.6 mm drill-hole injury in mice femur mid-diaphysis for 7 days and 14 days. Parathyroid hormone (40 µg/kg; 5 times/week) was given
subcutaneously as the positive control. Confocal imaging for bone regeneration, micro-architecture of femur bones, ex vivo mineralization, hematoxyline and eosin staining, measurement
of reactive oxygen species, and gene expression of osteogenic and anti-inflammatory genes were studied. Quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin glycosides were identified in the active
fraction using mass spectrometry techniques. Our results confirm that Oxy50-60F treatment promotes fracture healing and callus formation at drill-hole sites and stimulates osteogenic and
anti-inflammatory genes. Oxy50-60F administration to fractured mice exhibited significantly better micro-CT parameters in a dose-dependent manner and promoted nodule mineralization at days 7
and 14 post-injury. Oxy50-60F also prevents ROS generation by increasing expression of the SOD2 enzyme. Overall, this study reveals that Oxy50-60F has bone regeneration potential in a
cortical bone defect model, which supports its use in delayed-union and non-union fracture cases.
Identification of Major Bioactive Anti-inflammatory Compounds of Derris scandens Stem Using RAW 264.7 Cells and HPLC-UV Analysis
Authors: Sae-Foo Worapol , Yusakul Gorawit , Nualkaew Natsajee , Putalun Waraporn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Derris scandens (DS) is widely recognized for its therapeutic properties, specifically its analgesic effects, which significantly alleviate muscle pain. The chemical constituents of
DS stem include various isoflavone derivatives. However, there is currently a lack of specified anti-inflammatory chemical markers and analytical methods for quality control. The present
study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of DS and its constituents using the RAW 264.7 cell model. The expression of inflammatory genes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase
(iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) was examined using quantitative RT-PCR. An high-performance liquid chromatography with a UV detection
method was developed to quantitatively analyze genistein-7-O-[α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-glucopyranoside, genistein, derrisisoflavone A, lupalbigenin, and
6,8-diprenylgenistein in DS stem. The developed HPLC-UV method demonstrated high sensitivity with limits of detection and quantification ranging from 0.01 to 0.06 µg/mL and 0.03 to
0.18 µg/mL, respectively. The accuracy of the method ranged from 93.3 to 109.6%. Furthermore, the repeatability and reproducibility of the method were suitable, as indicated by the relative
standard deviations of ≤ 3.02% and ≤ 6.22%, respectively. The DS extract notably inhibited NO production, exhibiting effects comparable to those of 500 µM diclofenac, and substantially
suppressed the expression of iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, and 5-LOX of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced genes. As to the pure isoflavone derivatives, the order of NO production inhibition was found to
be genistein > lupalbigenin > derrisisoflavone A > 6,8-diprenylgenistein > genistein-7-O-[α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-glucopyranoside. Genistein,
derrisisoflavone A, and 6,8-diprenylgenistein significantly suppressed the upregulation of all LPS-induced genes. Consequently, these compounds are recommended as anti-inflammatory markers
for the quantitative chemical analysis of DS.
Ring Transformation of Annulated Benzofuran Derivatives to Medium-Sized Lactones
Authors: Christoffers Jens , Fliegel Lukas , Krauß Julian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBenzannulated eight- and nine-membered-ring lactones were prepared by ring transformation of annulated benzofuran derivatives. The reaction sequence starts with a Brønsted acid catalyzed hydration of the enol ether moiety of the starting materials furnishing hemiacetals as intermediate products which underwent retro-Claisen-type C–C bond cleavage under the reaction conditions. The use of 15 mol% TfOH and two equivalents of water in CHCl3 at 85 °C turned out to be optimal. Products with exocyclic carboxylate function could be further derivatized by amide formation. In total, eleven medium-sized lactones were prepared. Furthermore, three benzannulated spirolactones were obtained from starting materials with exocyclic carboxamide moiety.
Copper-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Borylation of Fluorinated Alkynes and Palladium-Catalyzed Regiospecific Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling
Authors: Bizet Vincent , Rummler Lénaic , Sater Mariam Abd El , Blanchard Nicolas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlkenylboranes are key intermediates in modern organic synthesis, and they are usually obtained by the borylation of alkynes. We report herein highly regio- and stereoselective syntheses of α,Z- and β,Z-trifluoromethylated alkenylboranes by copper-catalyzed borylation reactions. Further functionalizations by palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-couplings have been developed and, interestingly, a marked difference in reactivity between the α- and β-borylated isomers has been identified.
Quinolinamide-Enabled Nickel-Catalyzed Regio- and Diastereoselective γ,δ-Arylalkylation of Nonactivated Alkenes
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhang Lanlan , Zhao Lei , Zhu Yuqin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA quinolinamide-enabled nickel-catalyzed γ,δ-arylalkylation of homoallylic amines with aryl iodides and organozinc compounds has been developed. The cleavable quinolinamide directing group facilitates the stabilization of a five-membered nickelacycle, and enables the dicarbofunctionalization of nonactivated alkenes with excellently regio-, chemo-, and diastereoselectivity. The reaction with internal alkenes proceeds stereospecifically to provide valuable γ-alkyl-δ-aryl-substituted amines with two vicinal stereocenters. The scope of substrates and the utility of the protocol have been thoroughly studied.
The Variability of the Components of Fitness along the Menstrual
Cycle
Authors: Ruiz-Alias Santiago A. , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , Marcos-Blanco Aitor , Moreno-Ortega Claudia , Fernández-Navarrete Iván , García-Pinillos Felipe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to determine the variability of the components of fitness along
the menstrual cycle (MC) of physically active eumenorrheic women. Fifteen
subjects were monitored along two consecutive MCs through the calendar-based
counting method in combination with a urine luteinizing hormone surge kit.
Subjects were tested at the early follicular phase (EFP), pre-ovulatory or late
follicular phase (LFP), and post-ovulatory or mid-luteal phase (MLP). In each
session, the back squat one-repetition maximum (1-RM), maximum fat oxidation
(MFO), maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and acute recovery capacity
were determined. The results revealed a wide variability among components of
fitness and a low to high variability among subjects (acute recovery: 3.6%
[range 1.5 to 9.5%]; back squat 1-RM: 6.1% [range 2.2 to 11%];
VO2max: 6.6% [range 1.1 to 15%]; MFO: 23% [range 4.6 to 35%]).
Despite the individual nature, considering the number and magnitude of the
responses in each MC phase, VO2max and acute recovery capacity tended
to be enhanced at the LFP, the MFO at the MLP, and the back squat 1-RM remained
stable along the MC. Thus, practitioners are aware of which components are
susceptible to change along the MC phase, but an individual monitoring is
recommended.
Lewis Base/3d Transition-Metal Cooperatively Catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions
Authors: Gong Liu-Zhu , Song Jin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLewis base/transition-metal cooperatively catalyzed asymmetric transformations have attracted extensive attention as they offer complementary catalytic systems within the realm of cooperative catalysis. Recently, the synergistic use of Lewis bases in combination with earth-abundant 3d metals has emerged as a fascinating prospect, presenting an opportunity to move away from the reliance on noble metals and to explore novel catalytic processes. In this Account, we highlight our recent achievements regarding the chemistry and synthetic utility of isothiourea (ITU) activated C1-ammonium enolates and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-bound homoenolate equivalents in conjunction with 3d transition-metal activated electrophiles. The remarkable success in the stereoselective construction of carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds has led to significant contributions to stereodivergent synthesis.1	Introduction2	ITU/Copper Cooperative Catalysis3	NHC/Copper Cooperative Catalysis4	NHC/Nickel Cooperative Catalysis5	Conclusion
Effect of a novel endoscope cleaning brush on duodenoscope contamination
Authors: Bruno Marco J. , Severin Juliëtte A. , van der Ploeg Koen , Haanappel Cynthia P. , Voor in ’t holt Anne F. , de Groot Woutrinus , Bulkmans Adriana J.C. , Erler Nicole S. , Mason-Slingerland Bibi C.G.C. , Vos Margreet C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Current duodenoscope reprocessing protocols are
insufficient to prevent contamination and require adaptations to prevent endoscopy-associated
infections (EAIs). This study aimed to investigate the effect of a new endoscope cleaning
brush on the contamination rate of ready-to-use duodenoscopes.
Methods This retrospective before-and-after intervention study
collected duodenoscope surveillance culture results from March 2018 to June 2022.
Contamination was defined as ≥1 colony-forming unit of a microorganism of gut or oral origin
(MGO). In December 2020, an endoscope cleaning brush with a sweeper design was introduced as
an intervention in the manual cleaning of duodenoscopes. A logistic mixed-effects model was
used to study the effects of this intervention.
Results Data were collected from 176 culture sets before the new brush’s introduction and 81 culture sets afterwards. Pre-introduction, culture sets positive with an MGO comprised 45.5% (95%CI 38.3%–52.8%; 80/176), decreasing to 17.3% (95%CI 10.6%–26.9%; 14/81) after implementation of the new brush. Compared with the former brush, duodenoscopes cleaned with the new brush had lower odds of contamination with MGOs (adjusted odds ratio 0.25, 95%CI 0.11–0.58; P=0.001)
Conclusions Use of the new brush in manual cleaning reduced contamination with MGOs and is expected to prevent EAIs. These findings should be confirmed in future prospective randomized studies.
An Efficient Copper-Mediated Route for the Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzothiazoles from Dithioesters and Investigation of Their Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Sadashiva Maralinganadoddi P. , Sukrutha Kodipura P. , Kiran Kuppalli R. , Gunashree Kodagahally T. , Divyashree Shivakumar , Purusotham Prerana , Sreenivasa Marikunte Y. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn efficient one-pot synthesis of 2-aryl/2-aroylbenzothiazoles through copper-mediated condensation of 2-chloroanilines with dithioesters has been developed. The method provides good isolated yields and exhibits broad functional group tolerance, accommodating both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups on the substrates. A series of synthesized compounds was evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella paratyphi. Among the series, three compounds exhibited a significant inhibitory effect against the tested pathogens, with one also demonstrating potential as an effective compound in both the agar well diffusion assay and broth microdilution assay. Additionally, the three compounds displayed strong inhibitory effects on biofilm formation of the pathogens in both the crystal violet assay and MTT assay at a concentration of 10 mM. These findings highlight the promising antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of these compounds, indicating the potential for their further investigation as potential therapeutic agents against the tested pathogens.
Veganism and Oral Health—An Overview through the Perspective
Authors: Pandya Visha Shailesh , Fiorillo Luca , Kalpe Sneha , Mehta Vini , Meto Aida , Certo Agostino Di , Russo Diana , Gorassini Francesca , Mancini Maura , Mancini Alessandra , D'Amico Cesare 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen meat and dairy products are no longer consumed, the practice of veganism, which forgoes the use of animal products, substantially impacts diet. The prevention and treatment of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, neurodegeneration, hypertension, and vascular diseases are usually aided by vegan diets. Vegan diets are associated with improved cardiovascular health and better nutrition quality than omnivorous diets. Vegans and vegetarians have a lower risk of periodontal disease but may be more prone to tooth erosion and dental caries due to deficiencies in vitamin B12 and lower saliva pH. A vegetarian or vegan diet may increase the risk of developing tooth erosion, but an omnivorous diet may increase the risk of periodontal disease and dental caries. Further clinical research must be performed to produce more statistically significant results and to support future studies that contrast omnivore, vegetarian, and vegan diets and their effects on dental health status.
Tooth as a Bone Graft Material: A Narrative Review
Authors: Obulareddy Vishnu Teja , Porwal Amit , Noor Toufiq , Catalano Francesco , Minervini Giuseppe , D'Amico Cesare , Mancini Maura , Gorassini Francesca , Fiorillo Luca , Cervino Gabriele 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo treat osseous defects, a range of bone grafts and their replacements have been accessible, but appropriate reconstruction by any bony defect persists as a therapeutic hurdle. Based on peer-reviewed literature, the current narrative review analyzes significant outcomes in patients treated with bone grafts and bone graft substitutes for surgical therapy of osseous defects. Despite autograft, xenograft, and alloplastic bone graft substitutes being employed in several periodontic procedures, they all have their restrictions. Autogenous tooth bone graft is functional in clinics due to different available forms, which can be availed for other clinical challenges. Moreover, genetic uniformity fosters efficient bone regeneration by allowing osteoinduction and osteoconduction and reducing foreign body reactions.
Extensive Sequestration Chronic Maxillary Osteomyelitis in an Uncontrolled Diabetic Patient: Comprehensive Case Management of a Rare Entity
Authors: El Fadhlallah Prasiddha Mahardhika , Nugraha Andreas Pratama , Prasetio Okky , Mulyawan Indra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe hallmark of osteomyelitis was progressive bone destruction and sequestrum formation. In the underlying disease, like diabetes mellitus, osteomyelitis becomes severe and exacerbates the condition. It was essential for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon to comprehend its complex medical and surgical management to achieve complete disease eradication. The aim of this article was to report a rare case and comprehensive management of extensive sequestrating maxillary osteomyelitis with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients. A 58-year-old male patient with pain and swelling accompanied by discharge of pus in the sinistra maxilla region. The systemic disease was identified as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and had a history of unhealing wounds 1 year ago after upper left molar extraction. Computed tomography scan result showed extensive sequester formation and bony destruction in the right extending to the left maxilla. Microbial culture results were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Morganella morganii. Subsequently, extensive sequestrectomy and multiple extractions of the involved jaw and teeth were performed after diabetes mellitus was regulated. A suspension suture against oral and nasal mucosa was performed to avoid dead space formation. Comprehensive perioperative management in maxillary osteomyelitis in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus includes sequestrectomy, definitive antibiotic therapy based on culture results, and diabetes regulation to improve the successful management of this case.
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Nontraumatic Gastrointestinal Emergencies in Children
Authors: Hosale Prerana , Solanki R.S. , Puri Archana , Agarwal Shilpi , Abbey Pooja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAcute, nontraumatic gastrointestinal pathologies are commonly encountered in the pediatric emergency department. They often pose a diagnostic dilemma with an assemblage of various etiologies, depending on the age and clinical features. Despite the advent of computed tomography, various issues pertinent to children make ultrasonography (USG) the initial imaging modality of choice in investigating acute gastrointestinal pathologies. This article discusses the ultrasonographic approach to acute gastrointestinal pathologies in children, and how sonography is instrumental in guiding diagnosis and treatment. Characteristic USG findings of common pediatric gastrointestinal emergencies—including acute appendicitis, intussusception, Meckel's diverticulitis, midgut volvulus, bowel perforation, and abdominal tuberculosis—are illustrated in this pictorial review.
Ultrasound Imaging of Thyroid Pathologies: A Pictorial Review
Authors: Mohan Supraja Laguduva , Govindarajalou Ramkumar , Chakkalakkoombil Sunitha Vellathussery , Ramachandran Madhan , Venkatesh Karthik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith its complex embryological origin, the thyroid can be affected by various congenital, developmental, benign, and malignant pathologies. Ultrasound, which is free from radiation and offers good spatial resolution, is the initial modality of choice in congenital hypothyroidism and is used in conjunction with scintigraphy. High-resolution ultrasound also aids in early diagnosis, risk stratification, and follow-up of nodules. While fine-needle aspiration cytology is the preferred method for further evaluation of thyroid nodules, ultrasound guidance reduces the likelihood of obtaining nondiagnostic samples. Numerous risk stratification guidelines for thyroid nodules have been developed by various societies over the past decade, with the most popular being the American College of Radiology—Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System. A comprehensive understanding of the varying morphological appearances of thyroid nodules and the consistent use of risk stratification guidelines can accurately detect incidental malignancies while avoiding unnecessary intervention in seemingly benign nodules.
Imaging of Pulmonary Manifestations in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review
Authors: Das Abanti , Naranje Priyanka , Bhalla Ashu Seith , Das Chandan J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLungs and kidneys share a symbiotic relationship in maintaining homeostasis of body. Hence, derangement of one system is bound to affect the functioning of the other. The thoracic manifestations of chronic renal failure present a wide spectrum ranging from problems related to fluid and salt balance, calcium–phosphate metabolism, compromised immunity, and additional issues related to different modes of dialysis. In most of the cases, chest radiograph coupled with ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) are sufficient to offer a definitive diagnosis. This review aims to summarize the imaging features of thoracic manifestations of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with emphasis on imaging-based discriminating features.