bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of fatty acid profiles in varying recipes of ready-to-use therapeutic foods on neurodevelopmental and clinical outcomes of children (6–59 months) with severe wasting: a systematic review
Authors: Nienaber Arista , Conradie Cornelia , Manda Geoffrey , Chimera-Khombe Bernadette , Nel Ettienne , Milanzi Edith B , Dolman-Macleod Robin C , Lombard Martani J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context
In 2020, 13.6 million children under 5 years suffered from severe acute malnutrition (SAM)/wasting. Standard ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs) improve polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status but contain suboptimal amounts of omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs with unbalanced n-6-to-n-3 PUFA ratios.

Objectives
The aim was to compare the effects of RUTFs with different essential fatty acid contents on PUFA status, neurodevelopmental, and clinical outcomes (mortality, comorbidities, and recovery) of children with severe wasting.

Data Sources
Twelve databases, trial repositories, and article references with no publication limitations.

Data Extraction
Ten studies from randomized, quasi, and cluster-randomized controlled trials providing RUTFs as home treatment to children 6–59 months with SAM/wasting were included.

Data Analysis
Plasma phospholipid eicosapentaenoic acid content was higher in children receiving RUTF with altered essential fatty acid contents compared with standard RUTF (0.20 [0.15–0.25], P &lt; 0.00001). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) status only improved in children receiving RUTF with added fish oil (0.33 [0.15–0.50], P = 0.0003). The Malawi Developmental Assessment tool (MDAT) global development and problem-solving assessment scores were higher in global assessment and gross motor domains in children receiving added fish oil compared with standard formulation (0.19 [0.0–0.38] and 0.29 [0.03–0.55], respectively). Children receiving high-oleic-acid RUTF (lowering the n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of the RUTF) with or without fish oil had significantly higher scores in social domains compared with those receiving the standard formulation (0.16 [0.00–0.31] and 0.24 [0.09–0.40]). Significantly higher mortality risk was found in children receiving a standard formulation compared with RUTF with a lower n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio (0.79 [0.67–0.94], P = 0.008).

Conclusion
Although lowering n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios did not increase plasma DHA, it improved specific neurodevelopmental scores and mortality due to lower linoleic acid (high-oleic-acid peanuts), higher alpha-linolenic acid (altered oil), or both. Additional preformed n-3 long-chain PUFAs (fish oil) with RUTF improved the children’s DHA status, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and weight-for-height z score. More research is needed regarding cost, availability, stability, acceptability, and the appropriate amount of n-3 long-chain PUFAs required in RUTFs for the best clinical outcomes.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022303694.
Intangible capital and productivity: Firm-level evidence from German manufacturing
Authors: Kaus Wolfhard , Slavtchev Viktor , Zimmermann Markus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article analyses the importance of intangible capital for firm productivity using comprehensive official firm-level data from German manufacturing. Both aggregate intangible investment and the share of investing firms increase over time. However, the distribution of intangible investment is heavily right-skewed, with many firms investing nothing or little and few investing a lot. This holds both for manufacturing overall and within narrowly defined industries. The group of top investors is highly persistent from year to year, and persistence increases over time. Production function estimations reveal a positive output elasticity of intangible capital which is small on average but increases substantially with firm-level intangible capital intensity. There are also effect heterogeneities by firm size and enterprise group membership, especially among high-intangible-intensive firms. Finally, considering intangibles as production factors reduces the measured dispersion of Total Factor Productivity (TFP), mainly by tightening the upper part of the TFP distribution.
Cryptococcus neoformans Infections Differ Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Individuals: Results From a Nationwide Surveillance Program in France
Authors: Paccoud Olivier , Desnos-Ollivier Marie , Cassaing Sophie , Boukris-Sitbon Karine , Alanio Alexandre , Bellanger Anne-Pauline , Bonnal Christine , Bonhomme Julie , Botterel Françoise , Bougnoux Marie-Elisabeth , Brun Sophie , Chouaki Taieb , Cornet Muriel , Dannaoui Eric , Demar Magalie , Desbois-Nogard Nicole , Durieux Marie-Fleur , Favennec Loïc , Fekkar Arnaud , Gabriel Frederic , Gangneux Jean-Pierre , Guitard Juliette , Hasseine Lilia , Huguenin Antoine , Le Gal Solène , Letscher-Bru Valérie , Mahinc Caroline , Morio Florent , Nicolas Muriel , Rouges Célia , Cateau Estelle , Persat Florence , Poirier Philippe , Ranque Stéphane , Roosen Gabrielle , Roux Anne-Laure , Sasso Milène , Lortholary Olivier , Lanternier Fanny ,   for the French Mycoses Study Group, Brieu N , Durand C , Bertei D , Bouchara J P , Pihet M , Bland S , Bru J P , Pulik M , Turdu F Le , Lefrand H , Ferrand M , Larrouy M , Nevez G , Quinio D , Bachelier M N , Coustumier A Le , Carmagnol F , Rivière B , Podac B , Augereau O , Emond J P , Bacri J L , Berthelot G , Dalle F , Vallee E , Bizet J , Noussair L , Herrmann J L , Brocard C , Guiffault P , Layet A , Morel A , Penn P , Gigandon A , Sendid B , Cornu M , Prades N , Fiacre T Benoit-Cattin A , Levy S , Pitsch A , Kiefer M H , Debourgogne A , Moquet O , Colot J , Courtellemont L , Poisson D , Laurens V , Martres P , Godineau N , Picot S , Chassagne C , Djibo N , Devallière R , Camin-Ravenne A M , Bissuel F , Janvier F , Eloy C , Fur A , Rezzouk L , Mazars E , Eloy O , Chachaty E , Mihaila L , Dellion S , Patey O , Thouvenot A , Limousin L , Desplaces N , Raguin G , Gits-Muselli M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Among 1107 cryptococcosis cases from the French surveillance network (2005–2020), the proportion of HIV-seronegative individuals has recently surpassed that of HIV-seropositive individuals. We observed marked differences in patient characteristics, disease presentations, cryptococcal antigen results, infecting species, and mortality according to HIV serostatus.
Localized Myxofibrosarcoma: A Retrospective Analysis of Primary Therapy and Prognostic Factors in 134 Patients in a Single Institution
Authors: Pogkas Athanasios , Reichardt Peter , Tunn Per-Ulf , Niethard Maya , Werner Mathias , Ghani Saeed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Primary therapy of localized myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) remains controversial. Primary resection is complicated by a high rate of local recurrence, and the refractoriness to non-surgical treatment results in a higher risk of metastasis. The aim of the present study was to contribute the findings of a single sarcoma-specialized center and encourage investigating new treatment options.

Patients and Methods
We analyzed 134 patients treated with localized MFS in our center regarding prognostic factors defining overall survival, local recurrence, and metastasis. We focused on multimodal treatment of localized MFS: surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hyperthermia, and isolated limb perfusion.

Results
The 5-year OS was 74.9%. From a total of 134 patients: 74 (55.2%) stayed disease free, 48 (35.8%) had a local recurrence (LR), and 23 (17.2%) developed a distant metastasis (DM). The 5-year LR-free survival (LRFS) and DM-free survival (DMFS) were 66.1% and 80.8%, respectively. Older age, tumor size (cT) cT ≥ 2, non-extremity localization, and distant metastasis were adverse predictive factors for OS. Performing an incision biopsy, surgery in a sarcoma-center, wide local excision or compartment-oriented excision, negative margins, and radiotherapy were positive predictive factors for LR. Tumor size cT ≥ 3 was a negative predictive factor for DM. Grading was a negative predictive factor for LR (G ≥ 2) and for DM (G3) in the multivariable analysis.

Conclusion
Adjuvant radiation had a positive impact on LRFS in all localized tumor stages, even in cT1 tumors. Chemotherapy did not have a significant impact on DMFS, regardless of tumor stage. Our findings indicate that myxofibrosarcoma may be a chemotherapy-resistant entity and a much closer monitoring is required, in case of neoadjuvant treatment.
Paediatric health system impact of an early respiratory viral season in Eastern Ontario, Canada: A descriptive analysis
Authors: Meng Lynn , Bruce Liam , Buba Melanie , McLean Connor , Bisnaire Lise , Farion Ken J , Samson Lindy , Thampi Nisha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We examined trends in patient volumes and care intensity among children admitted with laboratory-confirmed respiratory viral infections over 5 years in Ottawa, following the most recent and intense respiratory viral season experienced throughout the Ontario paediatric health system.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of patients at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) in Ottawa, who were diagnosed with a laboratory-confirmed respiratory viral infection in the first 72 h of admission between October 22, 2017 and March 25, 2023. Their admissions were stratified by age groups and level of care intensity, based on unit of admission and/or additional ventilatory needs, with Level 3 patients requiring intensive care unit admission, and evaluated for trends over six surveillance periods that began in Week 35 (early September) and ended in Week 34 (end-August) of the following year.

Results
During the surveillance period from August 28, 2022 to March 25, 2023, there was an early, steep and twofold increase in admissions due to respiratory viral infections compared to previous periods, driven largely by Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza A. Despite similar age distributions, there was a larger volume of Level 2 and 3 admissions, and higher proportion of patients requiring Level 2 care intensity in inpatient medicine units (23.4% versus 10.4% in pre-pandemic years; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
The most recent viral season was associated with elevated volumes and higher inpatient acuity compared to previous years and underscores the need for additional operational and human health resources to support paediatric health systems through these predictable surge periods.
Incidence and psychiatric predictors of Long COVID beyond 3 months in a city-wide community sample in Texas
Authors: Tsai Jack , Grace Abigail , Kurian Anita 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Studies have emerged about a syndrome of persistent symptoms of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection called ‘Long COVID’, which have mostly focused on the first 3 months. This study examined rates and predictors of Long COVID symptoms lasting beyond 3 months (termed Long2 COVID).

Methods
A longitudinal cohort study using a population-based sample of 511 adults in San Antonio, Texas with laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 were assessed for Long2 COVID. Inverse probability weighting was used.

Results
In the sample, 19.18–59.10% met criteria for Long2 COVID depending on the definition. In general, Long COVID symptoms decreased after 3 months with the notable exception of an observed increase in loss of taste and smell. White Hispanic (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 7.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.78, 32.87) background and baseline depression symptoms (aOR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.65) were predictive of Long2 COVID. Long2 COVID was also associated with greater anxiety symptoms 6 months after onset of COVID-19.

Conclusions
A sizable proportion report COVID-19 symptoms lasting more than 3 months and some symptoms even increased over time. Adults who are Hispanic white adults or have depression may be at greater risk for Long2 COVID. Further research is needed on why some adults experience Long COVID and how to reduce the duration of illness.
International scientific communication on COVID-19 data: management pitfalls understanding
Authors: Tzivian Lilian , Benis Arriel , Rusakova Agnese , Syundyukov Emil , Seidmann Abraham , Ophir Yotam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
During the pandemic, countries utilized various forms of statistical estimations of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) impact. Differences between databases make direct comparisons and interpretations of data in different countries a challenge. We evaluated country-specific approaches to COVID-19 data and recommended changes that would improve future international collaborations.

Methods
We compared the COVID-19 reports presented on official UK (National Health System), Israeli (Department of Health), Latvian (Center for Disease Prevention and Control) and USA (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) health authorities’ websites.

Results
Our analysis demonstrated critical differences in the ways COVID-19 statistics were made available to the general and scientific communities. Specifically, the differences in approaches were found in the presentation of the number of infected cases and tests, and percentage of positive cases, the number of severe cases, the number of vaccinated, and the number and percent of deaths.

Conclusion
Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability principles could guide the development of essential global standards that provide a basis for communication within and outside of the scientific community.
‘To the Queen’: Tennyson’s Politics
Authors: Shrimpton Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Though Tennyson is often referred to as ‘conservative’, he was, like the other members of his family, not a Tory but a Whig. The disappearance of the Whig Party in the 1870s has caused its distinctive views to be largely forgotten. Without an understanding of them, however, it is easy to miss or misinterpret the significance of the political statements made in Tennyson’s verse. His two poems called ‘To the Queen’, one first published in 1851 the other printed in 1873 as the epilogue to Idylls of the King, are important expressions of these ideas. The first would be quoted (by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and at Tennyson’s suggestion) in Parliament during the Reform Bill debates of 1866–1867. The second is a troubled and urgently topical comment on the demise of the Whig political identity. As such, it suggests a political reading of Idylls of the King as a whole, in which the creation and dissolution of King Arthur’s Round Table has come, by 1873, to reflect the birth and death of the mode of government created by the Whig Reform Act of 1832 and destroyed, together with the party which had introduced it, by the new politics of the later 1860s.
Comparison of EULAR/PRINTO/PReS Ankara 2008 and 2022 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for granulomatosis with polyangiitis in children
Authors: Kaya Akca Ummusen , Batu Ezgi Deniz , Jelusic Marija , Calatroni Marta , Bakry Reima , Frkovic Marijan , Vinšová Nikol , Campos Reinan T , Horne AnnaCarin , Caglayan Sengul , Vaglio Augusto , Moroni Gabriella , Emmi Giacomo , Ghiggeri Gian Marco , Koker Oya , Sinico Renato Alberto , Kim Susan , Gagro Alenka , Matucci-Cerinic Caterina , Çomak Elif , Ekici Tekin Zahide , Arslanoglu Aydin Elif , Heshin-Bekenstein Merav , Acar Banu Celikel , Gattorno Marco , Akman Sema , Sozeri Betul , Palmblad Karin , Al-Mayouf Sulaiman M , Silva Clovis Artur , Doležalová Pavla , Merkel Peter A , Ozen Seza 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is an ANCA-associated vasculitis. The 2022 ACR/EULAR-endorsed classification criteria for GPA was derived using data only from adult patients. We aimed to assess the performance of the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for GPA in paediatric patients and compare it with the EULAR/Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO)/Pediatric Rheumatology European Society (PReS)-endorsed Ankara 2008 criteria for GPA.

Methods
Retrospective data of paediatric patients with GPA in 20 centres from 9 countries were evaluated. The diagnosis of GPA was made according to the expert opinion. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the criteria sets were evaluated.

Results
The study included 77 patients with GPA and 108 controls [IgA vasculitis (n = 44), Takayasu’s arteritis (n = 20), microscopic polyangiitis (n = 16), polyarteritis nodosa (n = 14), Behçet’s disease (n = 12), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (n = 1) and Cogan’s syndrome (n = 1)] with a median age of 17.8 and 15.2 years, respectively. Among patients with GPA, constitutional symptoms (85.7%) and ENT involvement (79.2%) were the most common presentations. In the GPA group, 73 patients fulfilled the Ankara 2008 criteria and 69 the ACR/EULAR classification criteria. Sensitivities of the Ankara 2008 criteria and the ACR/EULAR classification criteria were 94.8% and 89.6%, while specificities were 95.3% and 96.3%, respectively. No significant difference was found between sensitivities and specificities of both classification criteria (P = 0.229 and P = 0.733, respectively).

Conclusion
In children, both the ACR/EULAR and EULAR/PRINTO/PReS Ankara 2008 classification criteria for GPA perform well and similarly.
Steroid hormones in systemic sclerosis: associations with disease characteristics and modifications during scleroderma renal crisis
Authors: Collet Aurore , Sanges Sebastien , Ghulam Amjad , Genin Michaël , Soudan Benoît , Sobanski Vincent , Hachulla Eric , Dubucquoi Sylvain , Djobo Bodale , Espiard Stéphanie , Douillard Claire , Launay David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and glucocorticoids (GCs) are involved in vascular remodeling and fibrosis but have not been extensively studied in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Our aim was to investigate the RAAS and GC hormones in SSc patients.

Methods
Serum levels of renin (dosage and activity), aldosterone and its precursors (DOC, B, 18-OH-DOC, 18-OH-B), and GCs (cortisol, cortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, 18-OH-F) were assessed in 122 SSc patients and 52 healthy controls. After applying stringent inclusion criteria aimed at ensuring accurate hormone assessments (exclusion of interfering drugs, strict sampling conditions), we analysed RAAS hormones in 61 patients, and GCs in 96 patients. Hormone levels were compared between patients and controls; and associations with disease characteristics were assessed in patients.

Results
Regarding RAAS hormones, SSc patients displayed significantly lower aldosterone levels (although within normal range), similar renin levels, and higher B levels than controls. Abnormal RAAS hormone levels were associated with a more severe SSc phenotype (lung and skin fibrosis, heart and pulmonary vascular involvements, inflammation). Regarding GC hormones, SSc patients had higher levels of cortisol, 11-desoxycortisol (precursor) and 18-OH-F (metabolite) but lower levels of cortisone (inactive counterpart) than controls. RAAS hormone levels were assessed in five SSc patients before and during scleroderma renal crisis (SRC): concentrations varied considerably between patients, but consistently included normal/increased aldosterone levels and elevated renin levels.

Conclusion
RAAS and GC hormones are abnormally produced in SSc patients, especially in patients with severe SSc and during SRC. This could suggest a participation of these hormonal systems in SSc pathogenesis.
Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with lupus nephritis: a real-world retrospective observational study
Authors: Lin Sishi , Zhang Ji , You Xiaohan , Chen Bo , Liang Yan , Zhou Yin , Ding Xiaokai , Lv Yinqiu , Zhang Huidi , Su Bofeng , Bai Yongheng , Chen Chaosheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the differences in efficacy and safety between lupus nephritis (LN) patients who received belimumab plus standard therapy and those who received only standard therapy in real world practice.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with LN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from November 2012 to July 2023 were identified, and eligible cases were divided into two groups according to whether they received additional treatment with belimumab during the course of the disease.

Results
A total of 1169 LN patients were identified from our follow-up database. In total, 112 patients receiving add-on treatment with belimumab (BLM group) and 112 control patients matched for relevant baseline characteristics were enrolled in this study. The median duration of treatment with belimumab was 13.82 [7.24, 20.29] months. Compared with the control group, the BLM group had more significant improvement in disease activity indicators such as serum albumin and complement levels, significantly lower B-cell count, immunoglobulin, and earlier first attainment of renal remission, but there was no significant improvement in renal function and kidney-related events or death during the 2-year follow-up period. In the BLM group, the treatment effect of belimumab was more prominent in patients with lower levels of proteinuria. The safety profile of belimumab treatment was favorable, with a lower incidence of respiratory tract infection in the BLM group than in the control group during the follow-up period (P = 0.015).

Conclusions
This real-world study revealed that add-on treatment with belimumab provided better disease remission, and the therapeutic effect was more significant in patients with lower proteinuria levels. In addition, it had a favorable safety profile and reduced the risk of respiratory tract infection.
Advances in Material-Based Strategies for Diabetic Bone Regeneration
Authors: Li Zheng , Yue Muxin , Zhou Yongsheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Increased bone fragility and poor bone healing are common and serious complications of diabetes, especially in elderly patients. Long-term hyperglycemia often leads to serious infection and nonunion. Diabetes brings changes to bone microenvironment, including imbalanced immunity, disorder of macrophage polarization, deterioration of microvascular system, excessive advanced glycation end products, reactive oxygen species (ROS), local high levels of glucose, and great tendency to infection. The main traditional managements of diabetic bone involve oral medication and systematic drug administration, which exhibit limited therapeutic efficacy and accompanied side effects. Materials-based strategies have recently been potential alternatives for the treatment of diabetic bone diseases. In this review, we highlight the main material-based strategies for diabetic bone repair deficiency, including regulation of macrophages, elimination of excessive ROS, and resistance to bacterial infection. We also describe the future therapeutic designing approaches for smart biomaterials for diabetic bone regeneration, which would provide new ideas to protect bone health in patients with diabetes.
Blessings: when worlds collide
Authors: Mohyuddin David , Burton Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
For over 100 years, the English Courts have entertained applications by trustees for directions, including to bless proposed “momentous” exercises of powers. Recently, this jurisdiction has extended through judicial decisions to corporate office-holders. The jurisdiction has received increasing scrutiny, not least in relation to the vexed question of immunity, resulting in the Court of Appeal’s recent decision in Denaxe Ltd v Cooper [2023] EWCA Civ 752, a case concerning Blackpool Football Club. This article considers the jurisdiction’s origins and expansion, before concluding that there are cogent reasons for its continued existence in relation to both trusts and the corporate sphere.