bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual‐Frequency Ultrasound Assisted Thrombolysis in Interventional Therapy of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Pan Yunfan , Li Yongjian , Chen Yuexin , Li Jiang , Chen Haosheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the main causes of disability and death worldwide. Currently, the treatment of DVT still needs a long time and faces a high risk of major bleeding. It is necessary to find a rapid and safe method for the therapy of DVT. Here, a dual‐frequency ultrasound assisted thrombolysis (DF‐UAT) is reported for the interventional treatment of DVT. A series of piezoelectric elements are placed in an interventional catheter to emit ultrasound waves with two independent frequencies in turn. The low‐frequency ultrasound drives the drug‐loaded droplets into the thrombus, while the high‐frequency ultrasound causes the cavitation of the droplets in the thrombus. With the joint effect of the enhanced drug diffusion and the cavitation under the dual‐frequency ultrasound, the thrombolytic efficacy can be improved. In a proof‐of‐concept experiment performed with living sheep, the recanalization of the iliac vein is realized in 15 min using the DF‐UAT technology. Therefore, the DF‐UAT can be one of the most promising methods in the interventional treatment of DVT.
Unifying and Suppressing Conduction Losses of Polymer Dielectrics for Superior High‐Temperature Capacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Yang Minhao , Wang Zepeng , Zhao Yanlong , Liu Zeren , Pang Hui , Dang Zhi‐Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSuperior high‐temperature capacitive performance of polymer dielectrics is critical for the modern film capacitor demanded in the harsh‐environment electronic and electrical systems. Unfortunately, the capacitive performance degrades rapidly at elevated temperatures owing to the exponential growth of conduction loss. The conduction loss is mainly composed of electrode and bulk‐limited conduction. Herein, the contribution of surface and bulk factors is unified to conduction loss, and the loss is thoroughly suppressed. The experimental results demonstrate that the polar oxygen‐containing groups on the surface of polymer dielectrics can act as the charge trap sites to immobilize the injected charges from electrode, which can in turn establish a built‐in field to weaken the external electric field and augment the injection barrier height. Wide bandgap aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticle fillers can serve as deep traps to constrain the transport of injected or thermally activated charges in the bulk phase. From this, at 200 °C, the discharged energy density with a discharge–charge efficiency of 90% increases by 1058.06% from 0.31 J cm−3 for pristine polyetherimide to 3.59 J cm−3 for irradiated composite film. The principle of simultaneously inhibiting the electrode and bulk‐limited conduction losses could be easily extended to other polymer dielectrics for high‐temperature capacitive performance.
Synthesis of Selenooxazoles through Electrochemical Oxidative Selenocyclization ofN‐Propargylamides
Authors: Zhang Huaxin , Xiong Yongge , Song Xian‐Rong , Yang Ruchun , Luo Mu‐Jia , Xiao Qiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn electrocatalytic approach for the bromide‐mediated selenocyclization ofN‐propargylamides with diselenides is described, providing a synthetic route for the synthesis of various seleno‐oxazoles in 41–73% yields. The success of gram‐scale experiments demonstrate the potential value of this protocol in synthetic chemistry. Mechanistic investigations suggest that this selenocyclization protocol proceed through two possible pathways, including selenium cation and radical processes.
Vineyard soil texture and pH effects on Meloidogyne hapla and Mesocriconema xenoplax
Authors: East Katherine E. , Zasada Inga A. , Lee Jungmin , Schreiner R. Paul , Rippner Devin A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNorthern root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla) and ring nematode (Mesocriconema xenoplax) are the most prevalent plant‐parasitic nematodes of wine grapes in the Pacific Northwest, but M. hapla is most important in eastern Washington and M. xenoplax in western Oregon. These regions differ edaphically where Washington soils are minimally weathered and alkaline while Oregon soils are highly weathered and acidic. To examine the effect of soil texture and pH on nematode reproduction, an alkaline, sandy loam soil (pH 7.9) from Washington and an acidic loam soil from Oregon (pH 5.4) were modified to the other pH extreme, and to a middle pH of 6.9. Tomatoes were planted into each soil/pH combination, and either 500 M. hapla second‐stage juveniles or M. xenoplax individuals were added to each pot. After 7 weeks, plants were harvested, three roots collected for analysis, remaining roots and leaves dried and weighed, and nematode population densities determined as eggs on roots (M. hapla) and nematodes in soil (M. xenoplax). Soil texture (sandy loam or loam) had no effect on either nematode, but M. hapla reproduction was greater in the lowest pH soil while M. xenoplax was unaffected by soil pH. Mesocriconema xenoplax parasitism reduced root length and root tip number, whereas M. hapla increased root mass in the highest pH Washington soil. Under these experimental conditions, it appears vineyard soil texture in the Pacific Northwest is not a determining factor in population growth of these nematodes, but M. hapla performed better at low pH.
Sex‐biased gene regulation varies across human populations as a result of adaptive evolution
Authors: Reynolds Adam Z. , Niedbalski Sara D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesStudies of human sexual dimorphism and gender disparities in health focus on ostensibly universal molecular sex differences, such as sex chromosomes and circulating hormone levels, while ignoring the extraordinary diversity in biology, behavior, and culture acquired by different human populations over their unique evolutionary histories.Materials and MethodsUsing RNA‐Seq data and whole genome sequences from 1000G and HGDP, we investigate variation in sex‐biased gene expression across 11 human populations and test whether population‐level variation in sex‐biased expression may have resulted from adaptive evolution in regions containing sex‐specific regulatory variants.ResultsWe find that sex‐biased gene expression in humans is highly variable, mostly population‐specific, and demonstrates between population reversals. Expression quantitative trait locus mapping reveals sex‐specific regulatory regions with evidence of recent positive natural selection, suggesting that variation in sex‐biased expression may have evolved as an adaptive response to ancestral environments experienced by human populations.DiscussionThese results indicate that sex‐biased gene expression is more flexible than previously thought and is not generally shared among human populations. Instead, molecular phenotypes associated with sex depend on complex interactions between population‐specific molecular evolution and physiological responses to contemporary socioecologies.
Enantioselective Construction of Eight‐Membered N‐Heterocycles from Simple 1,3‐Dienes via Pd(0) Lewis Base Catalysis
Authors: Pan Jiaoting , Ho Takumi Ogawa , Chen Ying‐Chun , Yang Bin‐Miao , Zhao Yu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report herein an unprecedented enantioselective (4+4) cycloaddition of simple 1,3‐dienes with azadienes for the construction of fused eight‐membered N‐heterocycles. In this transformation, the π‐Lewis basic Pd(0) catalyst achieves activation of 1,3‐dienes to induce nucleophilic addition to azadienes followed by ring cyclization via a selective terminal allylic substitution. Furthermore, highly efficient and diastereoselective derivatizations of the eight‐membered rings provide a facile access to diverse enantiopure fused tetra‐ to hexacyclic compounds with potential application in medicinal chemistry.
Asymmetric Solvents Regulated Crystallization‐Limited Electrolytes for All‐Climate Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Yuankun , Li Zhiming , Xie Weiwei , Zhang Qiu , Hao Zhenkun , Zheng Chunyu , Hou Jinze , Lu Yong , Yan Zhenhua , Zhao Qing , Chen Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrolytes that can keep liquid state are one of the most important physical metrics to ensure the ions transfer with stable operation of rechargeable lithium‐based batteries at a wide temperature window. It is generally accepted that strong polar solvents with high melting points favor the safe operation of batteries above room temperatures but are susceptible to crystallization at low temperatures (≤−40 °C). Here, a crystallization limitation strategy was proposed to handle this issue. We demonstrate that, although the high melting points of ethylene sulfite (ES, −17 °C) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC, ≈23 °C), their mixtures can avoid crystallization at low temperatures, which can be attributed to low intermolecular interactions and altered molecular motion dynamics. A suitable ES/FEC ratio (10 % FEC) can balance the bulk and interface transport of ions, enabling LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2||lithium (NCM811||Li) full cells to deliver excellent temperature resilience and cycling stability over a wide temperature range from −50 °C to +70 °C. More than 66 % of the capacity retention was achieved at −50 °C compared to room temperature. The NCM811||Li pouch cells exhibit high cycling stability under realistic conditions (electrolyte weight to cathode capacity ratio (E/C)≤3.5 g Ah−1, negative to positive electrode capacity ratio (N/P)≤1.09) at different temperatures.
Acyl and CO Ligands in the [Fe]‐Hydrogenase Cofactor Scramble upon Photolysis
Authors: Schaupp Sebastian , Arriaza‐Gallardo Francisco J. , Paczia Nicole , Ataka Kenichi , Shima Seigo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract[Fe]‐hydrogenase harbors the iron‐guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor, in which the Fe(II) complex contains acyl‐carbon, pyridinol‐nitrogen, cysteine‐thiolate and two CO as ligands. Irradiation with UV‐A/blue light decomposes the FeGP cofactor to a 6‐carboxymethyl‐4‐guanylyl‐2‐pyridone (GP) and other components. Previous in vitro biosynthesis experiments indicated that the acyl‐ and CO‐ligands in the FeGP cofactor can scramble, but whether scrambling occurred during biosynthesis or photolysis was unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the [18O1‐carboxy]‐group of GP is incorporated into the FeGP cofactor by in vitro biosynthesis. MS/MS analysis of the 18O‐labeled FeGP cofactor revealed that the produced [18O1]‐acyl group is not exchanged with a CO ligand of the cofactor, indicating that the acyl and CO ligands are scrambled during photolysis rather than biosynthesis, which ruled out any biosynthesis mechanisms allowing acyl/CO ligands scrambling. Time‐resolved infrared spectroscopy indicated that an acyl‐Fe(CO)3 intermediate is formed during photolysis, in which scrambling of the CO and acyl ligands can occur. This finding also suggests that the light‐excited FeGP cofactor has a higher affinity for external CO. These results contribute to our understanding of the biosynthesis and photosensitive properties of this unique H2‐activating natural complex.
siRNA delivery from cationic nanocarriers prepared by diffusion‐assisted loading in the presence and absence of electrostatic interactions
Authors: Lanier Olivia L. , D'Andrea Abielle P. , Shodeinde Aaliyah , Peppas Nicholas A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, we use modified cationic nanocarriers as vehicles for the intracellular delivery of therapeutic siRNA. After developing nanocarrier formulations with appropriate pKa, size, swellability, and cytocompatibility, we investigated the importance of siRNA loading methods by studying the impact of the pH and time over which siRNA is loaded into the nanocarriers. We concentrate on diffusion‐based loading in the presence and absence of electrostatic interactions. siRNA release kinetics were studied using samples prepared from nanocarriers loaded by both mechanisms. In addition, siRNA delivery was evaluated for two formulations. While previous studies were conducted with samples prepared by siRNA loading at low pH values, this research provides evidence that loading conditions of siRNA affect the release behavior. This study concludes that this concept could prove advantageous for eliciting prolonged intracellular release of nucleic acids and negatively charged molecules, effectively decreasing dose frequency and contributing to more effective therapies and improved patient outcomes. In addition, our findings could be leveraged for enhanced control over siRNA release kinetics, providing novel methods for the continued optimization of cationic nanoparticles in a wide array of RNA interference‐based applications.
Addressing unmeasured confounders in cohort studies: Instrumental variable method for a time‐fixed exposure on an outcome trajectory
Authors: Le Bourdonnec Kateline , Samieri Cécilia , Tzourio Christophe , Mura Thibault , Mishra Aniket , Trégouët David‐Alexandre , Proust‐Lima Cécile 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInstrumental variable methods, which handle unmeasured confounding by targeting the part of the exposure explained by an exogenous variable not subject to confounding, have gained much interest in observational studies. We consider the very frequent setting of estimating the unconfounded effect of an exposure measured at baseline on the subsequent trajectory of an outcome repeatedly measured over time. We didactically explain how to apply the instrumental variable method in such setting by adapting the two‐stage classical methodology with (1) the prediction of the exposure according to the instrumental variable, (2) its inclusion into a mixed model to quantify the exposure association with the subsequent outcome trajectory, and (3) the computation of the estimated total variance. A simulation study illustrates the consequences of unmeasured confounding in classical analyses and the usefulness of the instrumental variable approach. The methodology is then applied to 6224 participants of the 3C cohort to estimate the association of type‐2 diabetes with subsequent cognitive trajectory, using 42 genetic polymorphisms as instrumental variables. This contribution shows how to handle endogeneity when interested in repeated outcomes, along with a R implementation. However, it should still be used with caution as it relies on instrumental variable assumptions hardly testable in practice.
A tale of dual functions of SERF family proteins in regulating amyloid formation
Authors: Qi Shixing , Peng Yun , Wang Guan , Zhang Xu , Liu Maili , He Lichun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe abnormal aggregation of proteins is a significant pathological hallmark of diseases, such as the amyloid formation associated with fused in sarcoma protein (FUS) in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diseases. Understanding which cellular components and how these components regulate the process of abnormal protein aggregation in living organisms is crucial for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. MOAG‐4/SERF is a conserved family of proteins with rich positive charged residues, which was initially identified as an enhancer for the formation of amyloids in C. elegans. Knocking out SERF impedes the amyloid formation of various proteins, including α‐synuclein and β‐amyloid, which are linked to Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, respectively. However, recent studies revealed SERF exhibited dual functions, as it could both promote and inhibit the fibril formation of the neurodegenerative disease‐related amyloidogenic proteins. The connection between functions and structure basis of SERF in regulating the amyloid formation is still unclear. This review will outline the hallmark proteins in neurodegenerative diseases, summarize the contradictory role of the SERF protein family in promoting and inhibiting the aggregation of neurodegenerative proteins, and finally explore the potential structural basis and functional selectivity of the SERF protein.
PROTOCOL: The FRIENDS preventive programme for reducing anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Filges Trine , Smedslund Geir , Eriksen Tine , Birkefoss Kirsten 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. The main objective of this review is to answer the following research question: What are the effects of the FRIENDS preventive programme on anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents? Further, the review will attempt to answer if the effects differ between participant age groups, participant socio‐economic status, type of prevention (universal, selective or indicated), type of provider (lay or mental health provider), country of implementation (Australia or other countries) and implementation issues in relation to the booster sessions and parent sessions (implemented, partly implemented or not at all).
Top advances of the year: Ovarian cancer
Authors: Lumish Melissa A. , Kohn Elise C. , Tew William P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough cure rates remain low and effective screening strategies are elusive, the recent advances in systemic therapies over the past year highlighted in this review have prolonged survival for women with ovarian cancer. In 2022, the first antibody–drug conjugate for platinum‐resistant ovarian cancer received accelerated US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. Confirmatory studies examining the efficacy of mirvetuximab and other antibody–drug conjugates are underway. In the upfront setting, the first data establishing an overall survival benefit from poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitor maintenance was demonstrated after a 7‐year follow‐up period. In contrast, long‐term updates from poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitor trials in the noncurative setting reported survival detriments, and the FDA withdrew the respective indications. Several trials attempted to improve upon the standard of care for platinum‐sensitive ovarian carcinoma and those with rare ovarian cancer histologies (carcinosarcoma, clear cell carcinoma) but failed to demonstrate a clinically or statistically meaningful benefit. This leaves the open question of how to further optimize systemic therapy for advanced ovarian carcinoma to improve long‐term survival and cure rates.
Formation, Enhanced Crystallization, Optical Absorption and Electrical Conduction in Copper Indium Selenide Thin Films Prepared via Pulse Laser Welding Technique
Authors: Khusayfan Najla. M. , Khanfar Hazem K. , Alharbi Seham R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, thin films of CuInSe2 (CIS) are expeditiously fabricated within 1 s utilizing the pulsed laser welding (PLW) technique. Preceding the PLW process, thin films of InSe (500 nm) are coated with Cu nanosheets of 60 and 120 nm thicknesses using vacuum coating systems. The optimal PLW parameters leading to the formation of CIS films include a pulse width of 1.0 ms, a spot diameter of 2.0 mm, and a repetition frequency of 10 Hz. The resulting CIS films exhibited a well‐crystalline cubic structure with lattice parameters of 5.265 Å. Surface morphology analyses revealed the preferential formation of porous films with varying stoichiometry, a characteristic that can be manipulated by adjusting laser welding parameters. The energy band gap and room temperature electrical conductivity display values of 1.80 eV and 2.06 × 10−5 (Ωcm)−1, respectively. Cu‐rich samples exhibit a wider energy band gap of 1.94 eV and lower electrical conductivity values of 4.78 × 10−7 (Ωcm)−1. The CIS film demonstrates n‐type conductivity attributed to the formation of donor levels centered at 0.24 and 0.10 eV. This study presents an ultrafast method for fabricating CIS films with physical properties compatible with those produced using traditional methods.
A field‐validated ensemble species distribution model of Eriogonum pelinophilum, an endangered subshrub in Colorado, USA
Authors: Zimmer Scott N. , Holsinger Kenneth W. , Dawson Carol A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the suitable habitat of endangered species is crucial for agencies such as the Bureau of Land Management to plan management and conservation. However, few species distribution models are directly validated, potentially limiting their application in management. In preparation for a Species Status Assessment of clay‐loving wild buckwheat (Eriogonum pelinophilum), an endangered subshrub found in southwest Colorado, we ran a series of species distribution models to estimate the species' potential occupied habitat and validated these models in the field. A 1‐meter resolution digital elevation model derived from LiDAR and a high‐resolution geology mapping helped identify biologically relevant characteristics of the species' habitat. We employed a weighted ensemble model based on two Random Forest and one Boosted Regression Tree model, and discrimination performance of the ensemble model was high (AUC‐PR = 0.793). We then conducted a systematic field survey of model habitat suitability predictions, during which we discovered 55 new subpopulations of the species and demonstrated that new species observations were strongly associated with model predictions (p < .0001, Cliff's delta = 0.575). We further refined our original models by incorporating the additional species occurrences collected in the field survey, a new explanatory variable, and a more diverse set of models. These iterative changes marginally improved performance of the ensemble model (AUC‐PR = 0.825). Direct validation of species distribution models is extremely rare, and our field survey provides strong validation of our model results. This helps increase confidence to utilize predictions in planning. The final model predictions greatly improve the Bureau of Land Management's understanding of the species' habitat and increase our ability to consider potential habitat in planning land use activities such as road development and travel management.
Cuff‐less blood pressure estimation using hetero‐core optical fibers
Authors: Koyama Yuya , Kamada Hiroki , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Nishiyama Michiko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, we proposed a cuff‐less blood pressure measurement using a medical tape sensor with an embedded hetero‐core optical fiber. The tape sensor pasted on the skin can directly detect pulse wave signals with a simple measuring device. Pulse transit time (PTT) was obtained from the time difference between the two pulse waveforms at the neck and foot. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was estimated from PTT and the regression equation. The result shows that the maximum prediction error was 3.8 mmHg in five healthy young subjects. The SBP data were evaluated using a Bland‐Altman method to assess the agreement of SBP data estimated by the proposed method with those measured by the cuff‐based electronic sphygmomanometer. The mean ± 1.96 standard deviation of the estimated SBP against the reference was −1.3 ± 5.1 mmHg. The results show that the proposed noninvasive blood pressure measurement method can measure blood pressure, and its accuracy is comparable to that of the cuff‐based electronic sphygmomanometer.