bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skupinová supervize z pohledu zúčastněných škol
Authors: Smetáčková Irena 
Published: October 2023

Nepříliš zdůrazňovaným a prozkoumaným nástrojem učitelského profesního rozvoje v českých školách je kolegiálního sdílení profesních zkušeností. Jedná se o formálně organizovaná, vedená a opakovaná setkávání vyučujících, kteří hovoří o významných profesních událostech a vzájemně si poskytují zpětnou vazbu. Jednou z konkrétních forem mohou být supervize. Článek představuje výsledky dotazníkového šetření na 10 školách (n =177 osob), které využívají supervize a případně i další typy kolegiálního sdílení. Z analýzy vyplynulo, že zúčastněné osoby hodnotily kolegiální sdílení jako přínosné a žádoucí. Pozitivnější postoj reportovali vyučující, kteří se setkávání pravidelně účastní. Nejčastěji bývají sdíleny události týkající se žáků a rodičů, jen okrajově témata vztahující se k profesní identitě. Vyučující se kloní k dobrovolné účasti, avšak někteří preferují povinnou či kombinovanou účast.
Dedikace: Tento článek vznikl v rámci výzkumného projektu s názvem „Supervize – prevence učitelského vyhoření“, který realizuje tým z katedry psychologie Pedagogické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy, a který byl finančně podpořen Technologickou agenturou ČR (TAČR TL01000399).
The mystery of the Finkelstein reaction
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: October 2023

This story starts with an organic chemistry tutorial, when a student asked for clarification of the Finkelstein reaction. This is a simple S
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2 type displacement of an alkyl chloride or bromide, using sodium iodide in acetone solution, and resulting in an alkyl iodide. What was the driving force for this reaction he asked?
PROSES MENGISI PERMAINAN GITAR PADA KARYA MUSIK INDAH PULAU DEWATA PROJECT MAGANG DI BALI TV
Authors: Gamaliel Galih Guruh , Darmayuda I Komang , Laksmi Desak Made Suarti 
Published: October 2023

Beautiful Island of the Gods is a song inspired by the beauty of the island of Bali. This song tells about the beauty, beauty, and natural beauty of Bali. Through this song the writer tries to pour out his heart and thoughts about the author's opinion on the island of Bali. The lyrics of the songs are in Indonesian as well as the choice of words and tones used are of great concern.
The guitar playing in this song is adjusted to the effects used in order to support the message the writer wants to convey to listeners. In this song, especially the guitar solo using a blues scale, the writer wants to mix cultural and modern nuances. A touch of distortion emphasizes the dynamics and the use of the blues scale balances between firm and sweet tones which makes for a pleasant melody to listen to. As for the selection of chords used in the verse, pre chorus, and chorus, use simple chords so that they go in the same direction as the guitar solo in the interlude section.
One of the musicians the writer has inspired is John Mayer, because some of the songs he created are major nuanced songs but his guitar solo uses a minor blues scale, one of which is a song called Gravity. This is what made the writer interested in using the blues scale in the guitar solo of the song Indah Pulau Dewata.

Keywords : Beautiful Island of the Gods, Scale Blues, Guitar Solo
The Epidemiology of HBV Infection, Its Management, and The Challenges of Hepatitis B Control in China.
Authors: Musinguzi Arthur 
Published: October 2023

This study aims to discuss the epidemiology of HBV infection, its management, and the challenges of hepatitis B control in China. PubMed and other resources of the national library of medicine under the national institute of health were searched. Other sources such as the British medical journal were looked at as well. The reference list of all related articles was reviewed. Retrospective and prospective cohort studies that examined the epidemiology, management and challenges of HBV infection between from 1992 up to present. It is of great importance to challenge the issue of HBV infection head-on given its widespread occurrence, the risk it poses for severe liver conditions, its transmission routes, the presence of detected cases, the associated stigma, its economic implications, the potential for prevention, and its global consequences. By uniting forces and efforts focused on education, testing, and treatment, the Chinese government coupled with compliance from the masses can take substantial steps towards managing and eventually eradicating HBV as a public health concern.
Overnutrition in adolescents and its associated factors in Dale district schools in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Desalegn Beruk Berhanu , Diddana Tona Zema , Daba Alemneh Kabeta , Tafese Tagel Alemu 
Published: October 2023

Background
Adolescence is the critical stage of an individual’s growth and development that determines their nutritional status in the future. Adolescent overnutrition has become an increasing public health concern in developing countries like Ethiopia.

Objective
This study was designed to determine the magnitude and determinants of overnutrition among school-going adolescents in Dale District of Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was done between November and December 2020. A total of 333 school-going adolescents aged 10–19 years participated in this study. Socio-demographic, lifestyle, physical activity level, dietary energy intake, and height and weight data were collected. Body Mass Index for age Z-score (BAZ) was computed. Binary and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the association of outcome variable with explanatory variables, and results were reported using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval.

Results
The magnitude of overnutrition was 7.2% (10.8% in the urban versus. 3.6% of rural schools). Overnutrition was positively associated with lack of sufficient play area within the school (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI [1.02–6.26]), being an urban resident (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI [1.12–8.29]), positive energy balance (AOR = 9.47, 95% CI [1.58–56.80]), consuming fast foods within a month before the survey date (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI [1.93–6.83]), having moderate (AOR = 9.28, 95% CI [6.70–71.63]) or low physical activity (PA) (AOR = 7.95, 95% CI [1.12–56.72]), and consuming snack within last one week before the survey date (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI [1.15–9.58]).

Conclusion
The magnitude of overnutrition among school-going adolescents was suboptimal. Sedentary lifestyles, excess calorie intake, having inadequate play areas within the school, and having snack and fast foods were determinants for overnutrition in the study area.
Support and Barrier of Online Occupational Therapy Education During Covid-19 in Bangladesh: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Moniruzzaman Sk. , Chanda Nayan Kumer , Hossain Md. Saddam , Rahman Md. Habibur , Fatema Kaniz , Singha Monika 
Published: October 2023

The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has imposed significant challenges on medical education worldwide. During the pandemic in Bangladesh, Occupational Therapy students were participated in their class through online. The study aimed to identify support and barrier of online Occupational Therapy education during COVID-19 in Bangladesh.
A cross-sectional online survey was performed to conduct the study through email. Self-developed structured questionnaire were used for data collection. Descriptive analyses were used to analyze survey results.
Data were obtained from 112 responses where males were 34% and females were 66%. The study found that 75 (67%) participants had own devices and 37 (33%) participants responded that they were borrow the device from others during online study. Result revealed that students got support from the institution likes 80.4% (90) participants responded that they got regular online classes, 31.2% (35) said that teachers were supportive, 17.9% (20) participants responded that they got both review class and installment facilities. In family site 100.0% (112) Participant responded that they got internet support, 49.10% (55) quite space, 42.0% (47) care and 33.0% (37) got device support and encouragement. Online education barriers from the family found that 59.80% (67) participants responded that they had no family barrier, whereas 17.0% (19) faced financial barriers, 6.2% (7) internet connectivity, and a lack of parent’s knowledge about online education. On the other hand, 63.4% (71) of the participants responded that they had not faced any institutional barriers whereas 16.1% (18) participants have faced internet problems and 10.7% (12) practical class.
Participants recommended that necessary steps should be taken to improve internet speed and provide free internet package and lecture method up-gradation for future online education program.
Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Simarouba glauca DC Bark
Authors: Pandhari Ramachandra Mohan Rao , Taranath Tarikere Chandrashekharappa 
Published: October 2023

Simarouba glauca DC also known as ‘Dysentery Bark’ is an important ethnomedicinal plant native to Tropical America. Later introduced India as “Lakshmi-Taru.” Bark is a potent anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and hemolytic drug. This study presents a pharmacognostic evaluation of Simarouba glauca DC bark, mainly shedding light on its macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Identification, authentication, macroscopic observation, and TLS, RLS and Powder microscopical examinations have been carried out.
The macroscopic examination of the bark revealed distinctive features, including a rough, fissured surface, and a yellowish-brown colour. Microscopic analysis showcased the presence of a thick periderm with small flakes raised above the periderm surface. The outer part of phellem is crushed and the inner portion is modified into a thick cylinder of sclereids. The Phelloderm becomes thick walled and dark coloured and stores calcium oxalate crystals. Large prismatic calcium oxalate crystals located in uniseriate vertical row within thin parenchyma cells. TLS revealed that the phloem fibers in dense compact bundles. The fibers being highly thick walled and lignified with narrow cell lumen. The rays are 250-280 µm in height and 40-60µm. RLS showed the rays are rentered heterocellular. Parenchyma cells and fibers are vertical position at right angles to the rays. Bark powder microscopy exhibited the presence of narrow and wide fibers, fiber-sclereids, long sieve elements, thick brachy sclereids, and large quantity of quadrangular, rectangular, and polygonal Calcium oxalate crystals. These observations provide valuable diagnostic tools for the authentication and quality control of S. glauca DC bark.
The pharmacognostic characterization presented in this study serves as a foundation for further research and development of S. glauca DC bark-based herbal medicines and pharmaceutical formulations. The insights provided in this article contribute to the understanding and utilization of this valuable botanical resource, fostering a bridge between traditional knowledge and contemporary scientific approaches in pharmacognosy.
Evaluation of the Neurobehavioural Toxicity Potential of Aqueous Ethanol Extracts of Leaf/Seed of Datura metel, Mucuna pruriens, and Tapinanthus globiferus Growing on Azadirachta indica Host Tree in Mice
Authors: Umarudeen A. M.  , Khan F.  , Tahir Y.  , Modibbo M. R.  
Published: October 2023

Aqueous ethanol extracts of Mucuna pruriens seed (AEMPS), Datura metel leaf (AEDML) and seed (AEDMS), and Tapinanthus globiferus (AETGL) Growing on Azadirachta indica host tree are being evaluated for their anxiolytic, antidepressant, anti-parkinsonian, and addictive activities in other studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the liability or otherwise of extracts of the selected medicinal plants for some benzodiazepines-related neurobehavioural toxicities in mice. Actophotometry was used for the evaluation of the locomotory activity related to central nervous system depressant (cns) effect, diazepam-induced sleep potentiation for hypnotic liability, rodent beam (rod)-walking assay for balance and motor co-ordination, and novel object recognition test (NORT) for cognitive deficit evaluation. The results indicate, compared to negative control (distilled water) treatment mean values of 4.69±0.95 % locomotory activity reduction, 430.71±16.80 sec. sleep onset and 168.43±10.56 min. duration, 5.00±0.00 balance/motor co-ordination performance, and 54.41±1.99 novel object recognition, treatments with high oral doses of AETGL and AEMPS (1500 mg/kg each) did not significantly negatively impact these behavioural indices but even enhanced novel object recognition. High oral doses of AEDML and AEDMS (750 mg/kg each), and tramadol (133 mg/kg) caused significant (p<0.05) 42.24±2.64, 27.73±2.17, and 36.74±4.44, mean % locomotory activity reductions, 196.86±10.12, 193.88±15.39, and 189.14±18.31 second mean sleep onsets and 319.71±18.85, 309.57±20.27, and 356.00±26.01 minute mean sleep durations, 1.67±0.42, 1.30±0.40, 1.833±0.48 mean balance/motor co-ordination performances, and 40.49±5.45, 31.33±5.23, 19.37±3.96 mean novel object recognitions, respectively. Diazepam (2 mg/kg) treatment caused 33.71±2.19 mean % locomotory activity reduction, 1.33±0.49 mean balance/motor co-ordination performance, and 29.91±2.81 mean novel object recognitions. Additionally, most mouse groups exposed to tramadol, AEDML, and AEDMS extracts displayed unusual (hallucination-like, predator-like) fearful trepidations when in proximity with the novel objects. These findings indicate AETGL and AEMPS extracts may be devoid of neurobehavioural toxicities but tramadol, diazepam, AEDML and AEDMS extracts may be liable to significant sedative, hypnotic, myo-relaxant, and anti-cognitive effects. These findings justify the traditional uses of Tapinanthus species and Mucuna pruriens extracts for the treatment of memory deficits and related neurological disorders. They also justify the morbid and fatal toxicity risks associated with the use of Datura metel extracts, tramadol, and the benzodiazepines.
Antioxidative Potentials of Annona muricata Pulp and Allium cepa Bulb Juices
Authors: Ihejieto H. A.  , Ibegbulem C. O.  , Ujowundu C. O.  , Ukairo D. I.  
Published: October 2023

Aim: To establish the in vitro antioxidative potentials of juice samples of Annona muricata (soursop) fruit pulp and Allium cepa (onion) bulb.
Study Design: The experimental research design was adopted in this study, but without intervention.
Place and Duration of Study: Springboard Laboratories, Awka, Nigeria, in June 2022.
Methodology: Traditional method of juice preparation was used to prepare the juices of the soursop fruit pulp and onion bulb. The parameters assayed for were; ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide, ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), superoxide, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, total phenol content, total antioxidant capacity, and total flavonoids content using standard laboratory techniques at 100, 200 and 300 mg/ml concentrations of the samples in triplicates. Appropriate standards were set up alongside the tests to compare antioxidant properties of the test sample.
Results: The results showed that Annona muricata pulp and Allium cepa bulb juices, at the concentrations studied, possessed these antioxidant properties studied in varying quantities. It was also observed that values for total antioxidant capacity for soursop juice at 300 mg/ml concentration, and ABTS scavenging activity for onion juice at all concentrations were significantly higher than the reference. The value obtained for DPPH scavenging activity for onion juice at 300 mg/ml concentration and total flavonoids content for onion juice were statistically similar to the reference.
Conclusion: Both juices are natural sources of exogenous antioxidants which can be exploited to benefit humans.
Nutritional and Anti-nutritional Compositions of Rice Bran as a Potential Animal Feed
Authors: Isah Shehu , Okosun Joe 
Published: October 2023

Rice bran, a byproduct of rice milling, is a valuable ingredient in animal feed formulations, particularly poultry feed, due to its high energy content, nutritional benefits, and ability to meet bird protein requirements. Rice bran, analyzed according to AOAC standards, is rich in energy, protein, and minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and potassium, essential for poultry health. Its high-fat profile, with higher unsaturated fatty acids, has positive effects on poultry health, including improved egg quality, enhanced immune function, and reduced disease incidence.
Rice bran has a moisture content of 4.3338% and a crude fibre content of 16.3675%. It has a total ash content of 18.8126% and a crude fat content of 12.0354%, 12.3676%, and 12.6180%. The compositions of rice bran were compared favourably to commercial feed formulations for starter, grower, and finisher meals. The crude fat content is 12.0354%, 12.3676%, and 12.6180%, while the crude protein content is 26.2688%, 27.5813%, and 21.8906%. The carbohydrate contents are 41.2677%, 41.8456% and 49.4032% and the total ash content was measured at 10.4377%, 6.3672% and 4.4905%.
The rice bran's trace mineral composition includes calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, sodium, iron, and copper. Heavy metals like lead and cadmium are below the detection limit of the M5 Thermo Scientific atomic absorption Spectrometer. The anti-nutrient composition includes anthraquinones, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and phytic acid.
Rice bran in poultry feed formulations enhances nutritional needs and outperforms commercial feeds. In addition, to increase nutrient availability, it is necessary to add a phytase enzyme in order to break down phytic acid.
Dupilumab-Associated Lymphoid Reactions in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Boesjes Celeste M. , van der Gang Lian F. , Bakker Daphne S. , ten Cate Tess A. , Spekhorst Lotte S. , de Graaf Marlies , van Dijk Marijke R. , de Bruin-Weller Marjolein S. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceSince the increased use of dupilumab for atopic dermatitis (AD) in daily practice, several cases have been reported on the development of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) and lymphoid infiltrates.ObjectiveTo provide insight in the clinical and histopathologic features of patients with AD clinically suspected for CTCL during dupilumab treatment.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective observational case series included adult (≥18 years) patients with AD treated with dupilumab between October 2017 and July 2022 at the University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands.Main outcomes and measuresRelevant patient, disease, and treatment characteristics were evaluated. Skin biopsies before, during, and after treatment were collected and reassessed.ResultsFourteen patients (54.5% male) with a median (IQR) age of 56 (36-66) years suspected for CTCL with deterioration of symptoms during dupilumab treatment were included. Of 14 patients, 3 were retrospectively diagnosed with preexistent mycosis fungoides (MF). Eleven patients with AD were eventually diagnosed with a lymphoid reaction (LR). These patients showed MF-like symptoms; however, histopathologic findings were different, and included sprinkled distribution of small hyperchromatic lymphocytes in the upper epidermal section, a dysregulated CD4:CD8 ratio, and CD30 overexpression, without loss of CD2/CD3/CD5. The median time to clinical worsening was 4.0 months (IQR, 1.4-10.0). Posttreatment biopsies showed complete clearance of the LR in all patients.Conclusions and relevanceThis study found that dupilumab treatment can cause a reversible and benign LR, which mimics a CTCL, though has distinctive histopathologic features.
Violent Experiences and Patterns of Firearm Ownership From Childhood to Young Adulthood
Authors: Caves Sivaraman Josie , Tong Guangyu , Easter Michele , Swanson Jeffrey , Copeland William 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceYoung adults in their 20s are at high relative risk for self- and other-directed firearm injury, but little is known about gun access patterns for this group.ObjectiveTo describe the longitudinal patterns of firearm access from childhood to young adulthood and to estimate whether violence experienced as a child or as an adult is associated with gun ownership in young adulthood.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Great Smoky Mountains Study included participants from 11 contiguous, mostly rural counties in the Southeastern US. The first wave was completed in 1993 and the most recent in 2019. Periodic survey data were gathered in adolescence through participants’ late 20s. In 2023, adjusted Poisson regression with incident rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs were used to estimate associations between violence and gun ownership in young adulthood in 3 age cohorts from the original sample.ExposuresViolent experiences in childhood (bullying, sexual and physical abuse, violent events, witnessing trauma, physical violence between parents, and school/neighborhood dangerousness) or adulthood (physical and sexual assault).Main Outcomes and MeasuresInitiating gun ownership was defined as no gun access or ownership in childhood followed by gun ownership at age 25 or 30 years. Maintaining gun ownership was defined as reporting gun access or ownership in at least 1 survey in childhood and ownership at age 25 or 30 years.ResultsAmong 1260 participants (679 [54%] male; ages 9, 11, and 13 years), gun access or ownership was more common in childhood (women: 366 [63%]; men: 517 [76%]) than in adulthood (women: 207 [36%]; men: 370 [54%]). The most common longitudinal pattern was consistent access or ownership from childhood to adulthood (373 [35%]) followed by having access or ownership in childhood only (408 [32%]). Most of the violent exposures evaluated were not significantly associated with the outcomes. Being bullied at school was common and was associated with reduced ownership initiation (IRR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61-0.94). Witnessing a violent event was significantly associated with increased probability of becoming a gun owner in adulthood (IRR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.03-1.49).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, gun ownership and access were transitory, even in a geographic area where gun culture is strong. Early adulthood—when the prevalence of gun ownership was relatively low—may represent an opportune time for clinicians and communities to provide education on the risks associated with firearm access, as well as strategies for risk mitigation.