bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approach to autologous stem cell transplantation in a patient with severe cold agglutinin disease, a case report
Authors: Castonguay Mathias , Bernard Léa , Corriveau Marylène , Castonguay Anik , Quenneville Geneviève , Cohen Sandra , Lachance Sylvie , Ahmad Imran , Cournoyer Isabelle , Kiss Thomas , Fleury Isabelle , Mollica Luigina , Roy Denis‐Claude , Roy Jean , Sauvageau Guy , Veilleux Olivier , Giroux Martin , Delisle Jean‐Sébastien , Boileau Mélissa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCold agglutinin disease (CAD) or syndrome (CAS) can be particularly challenging when autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is needed. Standard peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection and manipulation involve ex vivo blood manipulations at lower than body temperature, predisposing to agglutination during graft collection, handling, processing, and infusion.Study Design and MethodsWe describe the first case of ASCT for relapsing lymphoma in a patient with high‐titer CAD requiring anti‐complement therapy and chronic transfusion. To prevent agglutination, five therapeutic plasma exchange sessions were performed prior to PBSC collection. Optimal thermal conditions were maintained using various approaches to increase the temperature of the room, venous return lines, and the apheresis device. Ex vivo graft manipulation was conducted under similar conditions. An infusion test was performed with a fraction of the graft a month prior to ASCT to confirm tolerability.ResultsThe infusion test was performed without complications. A month later, the patient was admitted for ASCT. The aplasia phase was particularly challenging, as the patient experienced a rapid drop in hemoglobin levels due to hemolysis without compensatory reticulocytosis. Twelve months after ASCT, chronic hemolysis persists, but the patient is now transfusion‐free, and the lymphoma remains in remission.DiscussionPerforming ASCT in patients with clinically significant CAS or CAD is challenging but can be done safely. Strong coordination between the apheresis team, cell therapy laboratory, and clinical unit is paramount to the success of this procedure. The experience gained from this case may also be applicable to other cell therapy procedures.
Study on the Preparation of High Intrinsic Conductivity Perovskite Li0.33La0.56TiO3 Solid-State Electrolyte by Systematic Process Optimization
Authors: Jiang Binxuan , Yuan Jiale , Li Yueming , Kwame Yadzo Emmanuel , He Mengzhen , Guo Xu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Li0.33La0.56TiO3 (LLTO) perovskite-type solid-state electrolyte is one of the solid-state electrolytes, which is expected to achieve industrial production. However, research focused on a single factor and the simplification of the preparation process constrained the bulk conductivity of LLTO. This study systematically investigated the influence of process parameters on the intrinsic conductivity of perovskite-type solid-state electrolytes, focusing on pre-sintering temperature, lithium compensation, and sintering temperature, which are important processes for LLTO. The experimental results show that the optimization of process parameters can promote grain growth to a certain extent, increase the uniformity of grain size, and promote the densification of materials, and a certain degree of lithium compensation can effectively suppress the formation of secondary phases caused by lithium deficiency, thereby improving the intrinsic conductivity of the material. Among them, the material prepared under the conditions of a lithium compensation amount of 20 wt%, a pre-sintering temperature of 800 °C, and a sintering temperature of 1300 °C showed the highest bulk conductivity of 3.41 mS/cm at 50 °C, the highest bulk density of material reaching 4.95 g/cm3, which is 98.78% of the relative bulk density of LLTO solid-state electrolyte, and the lowest conductivity activation energy of 0.24 eV for the sample.
Isometric Back Extensor Endurance and Chronic Low Back Pain in University Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ansari Sumbul , Sharma Saurabh 
Published: January 2025

Context: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common problem among university athletes, negatively affecting their performance and overall health. Deconditioned back muscles due to CLBP can reduce endurance. However, there is limited research on CLBP in university athletes, especially comparing those with and without the condition. Additionally, the connection between back muscle endurance and CLBP in university athletes is unclear, and there is insufficient data on normal levels of back muscle endurance. The present study aimed to establish normal back extensor muscle endurance values in university athletes, both with and without CLBP, and to investigate the link between back extensor endurance and CLBP. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The study included 90 university-level athletes (45 with CLBP and 45 without CLBP; age: 18–30 y). Athletes underwent assessments on demographics, sports, and CLBP-related factors, as well as the Sorensen test. Appropriate statistical tests were applied to the obtained data. Results: Results showed a significant difference (P < .001) in Sorensen test holding duration between athletes with and without CLBP. The correlation analysis revealed a significant association (r = −.79, P = .02) between Sorensen test time and CLBP. Conclusions: University athletes with CLBP exhibit lesser back extensor endurance than those without CLBP. There is a significant association between CLBP and Sorensen test hold time. The study’s implications include using the Sorensen test for CLBP prediction and tracking therapeutic advancements in clinical practice.
Engaging the Community in Interventions Designed to Promote Physical Activity in Preschool-Age Children
Authors: Alhassan Sofiya , Aljizani Firas , Hornuvo Ruby , Joseph Timothy 
Published: January 2025

Community-based study designs have been utilized in several settings, including preschool settings, to improve health outcomes such as physical activity in preschool-age children. This essay describes my perspective on how I (first author) engage and maintain community partners (i.e., preschool centers) in designing and implementing physical activity interventions set in the preschool center. I will also highlight the importance of interdisciplinary research teams and the key elements of establishing a long-term partnership with community partners.
The Association Between Physical Activity and Markers of Obesity in Children Living With Obesity
Authors: Santos Eliete Samara Batista dos , Medeiros Iluska Almeida Carneiro Martins de , Oliveira Mayara Sanay da Silva , Cureau Felipe Vogt , Mortatti Arnaldo Luis , Santos Oliveira Ricardo 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the association between the volume and intensity of accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) and markers of obesity. Method: Forty-seven children (20 girls) took part in this investigation. Children wore accelerometers on their nondominant wrists for 7 days. PA was expressed as average acceleration (AvAcc, proxy of PA volume), intensity gradient (IG, distribution of intensity across the 24-h profile), and the acceleration of the most active 5 to 120 minutes of the day (MX, where X = 5–120). Markers of obesity used were body mass index (BMI), BMI z score, obesity severity as the BMI percentage of the 95th percentile, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage. Results: AvAcc and IG of the sample were 37.3 (11.2) and −2.19 (0.16), respectively. The standardized coefficients indicated that increases in 1 standard deviation of IG (0.2 for the present sample) were associated with a decrease of BMI (−2.3; 95% CI, −4.13 to −0.39 kg/m2), obesity severity as the BMI percentage of the 95th percentile (−9.9; 95% CI, −18.78 to −0.91), body fat percentage (−3.6; 95% CI, −6.68 to −0.57%), and waist-to-hip ratio (−0.02; 95% CI, −0.04 to −0.00) independent of AvAcc. No associations were found for AvAcc and obesity markers when controlling for IG. Conclusion: Children with obesity perform little PA. The distribution of PA intensity may be important for improving BMI, obesity severity as the BMI percentage of the 95th percentile, body fat percentage, and waist-to-hip ratio.
Spermidine enhances the heat tolerance of
Ganoderma lucidum
by promoting mitochondrial respiration driven by fatty acid β-oxidation
Authors: Han Xiaofei , Wang Zi , Shi Lingyan , Wei Ziyang , Shangguan Jiaolei , Shi Liang , Zhao Mingwen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

High temperature is an unavoidable environmental stress that generally exerts detrimental effects on organisms and has widespread effects on metabolism. Spermidine is an important member of the polyamines family and is involved in a range of abiotic stress responses in plants. Mitochondria play an essential role in cellular homeostasis and are key components of the stress response. Our results indicated that mitochondrial respiratory intensity increased by 80% in wild-type (WT) under heat stress, but the activities of key enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain (ETC) were significantly reduced upon the knockdown of the spermidine synthase gene (
spdS
). Furthermore, the content of mitochondrial pyruvate decreased by 36.1%, whereas the levels of free fatty acid increased by 28.8% under heat stress. Upon
spdS
knockdown, the content of mitochondrial pyruvate was similar to that in the WT, but the medium-chain fatty acid (C6:0) decreased by 68.6%–84.2%, whereas the long-chain fatty acid (C18:2) marginally increased. Subsequent studies demonstrated that spermidine promoted the translation of long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) and mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP, also known as HADH), thereby enhancing fatty acid β-oxidation under heat stress. In conclusion, spermidine enhances key TCA cycle and ETC enzyme activities and is involved in heat stress-induced fatty acid β-oxidation by promoting the translation of LCAD and HADH, thereby improving the heat tolerance of
Ganoderma lucidum
.

IMPORTANCE

Polyamines are stress-responsive molecules that enhance the tolerance of plants to multiple abiotic stresses by regulating a variety of biological processes. Our previous research indicated that heat stress induces the the biosynthesis of polyamines and promotes the conversion of putrescine to spermidine in
G. lucidum
, but the physiological role of elevated spermidine levels is yet to be elucidated. In this study, our findings demonstrated that spermidine enhances the heat tolerance in
G. lucidum
and that mitochondrial respiration is essential for spermidine-enhanced heat tolerance. This study elucidated a preliminary mechanism by which spermidine enhances heat tolerance of
G. lucidum
and provided a new insight into the understanding of how microorganisms resist heat stress.
Update on the evolving landscape of pneumococcal capsule types: new discoveries and way forward
Authors: Ganaie Feroze A. , Beall Bernard W. , Yu Jigui , van der Linden Mark , McGee Lesley , Satzke Catherine , Manna Sam , Lo Stephanie W. , Bentley Stephen D. , Ravenscroft Neil , Nahm Moon H. 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARY

Streptococcus pneumoniae
(the “pneumococcus”) is a significant human pathogen. The key determinant of pneumococcal fitness and virulence is its ability to produce a protective polysaccharide (PS) capsule, and anti-capsule antibodies mediate serotype-specific opsonophagocytic killing of bacteria. Notably, immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has effectively reduced the burden of disease caused by serotypes included in vaccines but has also spurred a relative upsurge in the prevalence of non-vaccine serotypes. Recent advancements in serotyping and bioinformatics surveillance tools coupled with high-resolution analytical techniques have enabled the discovery of numerous new capsule types, thereby providing a fresh perspective on the dynamic pneumococcal landscape. This review offers insights into the current pneumococcal seroepidemiology highlighting important serotype shifts in different global regions in the PCV era. It also comprehensively summarizes newly discovered serotypes from 2007 to 2024, alongside updates on revised chemical structures and the de-novo determinations of structures for previously known serotypes. Furthermore, we spotlight emerging evidence on non-pneumococcal Mitis-group strains that express capsular PS that are serologically and biochemically related to the pneumococcal capsule types. We further discuss the implications of these recent findings on capsule nomenclature, pneumococcal carriage detection, and future PCV design. The review maps out the current status and also outlines the course for future research and vaccine strategies, ensuring a continued effective response to the evolving pneumococcal challenge.
A comprehensive review of current insights into the virulence factors of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Wang Yi , Xia Bingqing , Gao Zhaobing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity has been a major focus of attention. However, the determinants of pathogenicity are still unclear. Various hypotheses have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the evolution of viral pathogenicity, but a definitive conclusion has yet to be reached. Here, we review the potential impact of all proteins in SARS-CoV-2 on the viral pathogenic process and analyze the effects of their mutations on pathogenicity evolution. We aim to summarize which virus-encoded proteins are crucial in influencing viral pathogenicity, defined as disease severity following infection. Mutations in these key proteins, which are the virulence factors in SARS-CoV-2, may be the driving forces behind the evolution of viral pathogenicity. Mutations in the S protein can impact viral entry and fusogenicity. Mutations in proteins such as NSP2, NSP5, NSP14, and ORF7a can alter the virus’s ability to suppress host protein synthesis and innate immunity. Mutations in NSP3, NSP4, NSP6, N protein, NSP5, and NSP12 may alter viral replication efficiency. The combined effects of mutations in the S protein and NSP6 can significantly reduce viral replication. In addition, various viral proteins, including ORF3a, ORF8, NSP4, Spike protein, N protein, and E protein, directly participate in the inflammatory process. Mutations in these proteins can modulate the levels of inflammation following infection. Collectively, these viral protein mutations can influence SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity by impacting viral immune evasion, replication capacity, and the level of inflammation mediated by infection. In conclusion, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity is likely determined by multiple virulence factors.
Cells that survive acute SARS-CoV-2 infection contribute to inflammation and lung regeneration in mice
Authors: Pan Ruangang , Meyerholz David K. , Perlman Stanley 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 involves several organs, but its basis remains poorly understood. Some infected cells in mice survive the acute infection and persist for extended periods in the respiratory tract but not in other tissues. Here, we describe two experimental models of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to assess the effect of viral virulence on previously infected cells. Both approaches use lineage tracking of previously infected cells. In mice infected with a highly pathogenic mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2, alveolar type 2 cells (AT2) but not alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells survived the acute infection. These cells became activated, differentiated into an AT2-to-AT1 transitional cell state (KRT8
+
pre-alveolar type 1 transitional cell state). Additionally, nearby uninfected AT2 cells upregulated the transitional marker KRT8, thereby contributing to lung regeneration. In mice sensitized to infection by transduction with Ad5-hACE2, the infection is nonlethal, and AT1 cells survived the infection. Consequently, recovery in these mice was more rapid. Taken together, these results provide an explanation for how SARS-CoV-2 virulence contributes to poor outcomes and affects clinical recovery and lung regeneration. We also identified a new mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 impacts lung recovery, even at times when infectious virus cannot be detected.

IMPORTANCE
A major consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic is that many survivors have long-term sequelae, which are not well understood. These involve many organs, with the respiratory tract being a common site of long-term effects. Many of these sequelae can be found in mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this study, we have focused on the lungs, with particular interest in the fate and role of cells that were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and survived the acute infection. We found that some infected cells survive acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and that these surviving cells both contribute to the immune response in the lungs and are involved in lung recovery. These findings illustrate previously unexplored aspects of recovery from SARS-CoV-2 induced pneumonia and may be relevant for understanding aspects of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.
Identification of intestinal mediators of
Caenorhabditis elegans
DBL-1/BMP immune signaling shaping gut microbiome composition
Authors: Kim Dan , Trang Kenneth , Pees Barbara , Karimzadegan Siavash , Bodkhe Rahul , Hammond Sabrina , Shapira Michael 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The composition of the gut microbiome is determined by a complex interplay of diet, host genetics, microbe-microbe interactions, abiotic factors, and stochasticity. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of host genetics in community assembly of the
Caenorhabditis elegans
gut microbiome and identified a central role for DBL-1/BMP immune signaling in determining the abundance of gut
Enterobacteriaceae
. However, the effects of DBL-1 signaling on gut bacteria were found to depend on its activation in extra-intestinal tissues, highlighting a gap in our understanding of the proximal factors that determine microbiome composition. In the present study, we used RNA-seq gene expression analysis of wildtype,
dbl-1
and
sma-3
mutants, and
dbl-1
over-expressors to identify candidate DBL-1/BMP targets that may mediate the pathway’s effects on gut commensals. Bacterial colonization experiments in mutants, or following RNAi-mediated knock-down of candidate genes specifically in the intestine, demonstrated their local contribution to intestinal control of
Enterobacteriaceae
abundance. Furthermore, epistasis analysis suggested that these contributions were downstream of the DBL-1 pathway, together suggesting that examined candidates were intestinal effectors and mediators of DBL-1 signaling, contributing to the shaping of gut microbiome composition.

IMPORTANCE
Compared to the roles of diet, environmental availability, or lifestyle in determining gut microbiome composition, that of genetic factors is the least understood and often underestimated. The identification of intestinal effectors of distinct molecular functions that control enteric bacteria offers a glimpse into the genetic logic of microbiome control as well as a list of targets for future exploration of this logic.
Metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of the emerging pathogen
Shewanella algae
from enrichment of coastal seawater, sediment, and algae at St. John’s Island, Singapore
Authors: Ho Jia Yee , Hu Dalong , Case Rebecca J. , Boucher Yann F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Coastal water, sediment, and algae samples were collected from St. John’s Island, Singapore, and enriched in either broth or agar. Metagenomic sequencing was carried out on DNA from these enrichments and analyzed. A total of 29 metagenome-assembled genomes had been successfully asserted to be a close representation of
Shewanella algae
.
Genome sequence of
Equine Erythroparvovirus 1
, identified in the United States
Authors: Yu Y. Tina , Olarte Castillo Ximena , Reboul Guillaume , Zehr Jordan , Sun Yining , Anderson Renee , Wang Minghui , Sun Qi , Tallmadge Rebecca , Sams Kelly , Brown Joel , Marra Nicholas , Stanhope Bryce , Grenier Jennifer , Parrish Colin R. , Pusterla Nicola , Divers Thomas , Mittel Linda , Goodman Laura B. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Equine Erythroparvovirus 1
is a parvovirus that was identified in the blood of four horses in the United States. Here, we report one genome from a horse in New York State. This genome may represent a new species within the genus
Erythroparvovirus
.
Complete genome sequence of
Bradyrhizobium lupini
LLZ14, a nitrogen-fixing and plant growth-promoting bacterium
Authors: Chaddad Zohra , Bouhnik Omar , Lamrabet Mouad , Alami Soufiane , Missbah El Idrissi Mustapha 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

In this study, we present the complete genome of
Bradyrhizobium lupini
LLZ14, a nodule-forming bacterium isolated from
Lupinus luteus
root nodules with high plant growth-promoting abilities. This genome contains genes predicted to be involved in plant stress tolerance and growth promotion, including auxin production, phosphatase, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase.
Genome sequence of
Providencia rettgeri
ZAPR22R, isolated from calla lily in China
Authors: Jiang Yin , Zeng Zhen , Wang Zengxian , Wang Yi , Gou Rongxin , Huang Xiaorong , Lu Yushan , Zhang Guojun , Wei Zunzheng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of
Providencia rettgeri
strain ZAPR22R, isolated from the petiole and tuber of calla lily (
Zantedeschia hybrida
), infected with soft rot. The genome consists of a single chromosome (4,528,722 bp) with a G+C content of 41.1%.
Virus-like particle-based vaccines targeting the
Anopheles
mosquito salivary protein TRIO
Authors: Francian Alexandra , Flores-Garcia Yevel , Powell John R. , Petrovsky Nikolai , Zavala Fidel , Chackerian Bryce 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Malaria is a highly lethal infectious disease caused by
Plasmodium
parasites. These parasites are transmitted to vertebrate hosts when mosquitoes of the
Anopheles
genus probe for a blood meal. Sporozoites, the infectious stage of
Plasmodium
, transit to the liver within hours of injection into the dermis. Vaccine efforts are hindered by the complexity of the parasite’s lifecycle and the speed at which the infection is established in the liver. In an effort to enhance immunity against
Plasmodium
, we produced a virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine displaying an epitope of TRIO, an
Anopheles
salivary protein that has been shown to enhance mobility and dispersal of sporozoites in the dermis. Previous work demonstrated that passive immunization with TRIO offered protection from liver infection and acted synergistically with a
Plasmodium
-targeted vaccine. Immunization of mice with TRIO VLPs resulted in high-titer and long-lasting antibody responses that did not significantly drop for over 18 months post-immunization. TRIO VLPs were similarly immunogenic when combined with an anti-malaria vaccine targeting the L9 epitope of the
Plasmodium falciparum
circumsporozoite protein. However, when used in a malaria challenge mouse model, TRIO VLPs only provided modest protection from infection and did not boost the protection provided by L9 VLPs.

IMPORTANCE

Proteins present in the salivary glands of mosquitos have been shown to enhance the transmission efficiency of mosquito-borne pathogens, suggesting that interventions targeting the activity of these proteins could reduce transmission. Here, we looked at the efficacy of a vaccine targeting TRIO, an
Anopheles
mosquito salivary protein that has been reported to enhance
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria infection. We show that this vaccine can elicit strong anti-TRIO antibody responses, but these antibodies only result in a modest decrease in infection.