bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-shot, coherent, pop-out 3D metrology
Authors: Balakrishnan Deepan , Chee See Wee , Baraissov Zhaslan , Bosman Michel , Mirsaidov Utkur , Loh N. Duane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) imaging of thin, extended specimens at nanometer resolution is critical for applications in biology, materials science, advanced synthesis, and manufacturing. One route to 3D imaging is tomography, which requires a tilt series of a local region. However, capturing images at higher tilt angles is infeasible for such thin, extended specimens. Here, we explore a suitable alternative to reconstruct the 3D volume using a single, energy-filtered, bright-field coherent image. We show that when our specimen is homogeneous and amorphous, simultaneously inferring local depth and thickness for 3D imaging is possible in the near-field limit. We demonstrated this technique with a transmission electron microscope to fill a glaring gap for rapid, accessible 3D nanometrology. This technique is applicable, in general, to any coherent bright field imaging with electrons, photons, or any other wavelike particles.
Artificial intelligence exceeds humans in epidemiological job coding
Authors: Langezaal Mathijs A. , van den Broek Egon L. , Peters Susan , Goldberg Marcel , Rey Grégoire , Friesen Melissa C. , Locke Sarah J. , Rothman Nathaniel , Lan Qing , Vermeulen Roel C. H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Work circumstances can substantially negatively impact health. To explore this, large occupational cohorts of free-text job descriptions are manually coded and linked to exposure. Although several automatic coding tools have been developed, accurate exposure assessment is only feasible with human intervention.

Methods
We developed OPERAS, a customizable decision support system for epidemiological job coding. Using 812,522 entries, we developed and tested classification models for the Professions et Catégories Socioprofessionnelles (PCS)2003, Nomenclature d’Activités Française (NAF)2008, International Standard Classifications of Occupation (ISCO)-88, and ISCO-68. Each code comes with an estimated correctness measure to identify instances potentially requiring expert review. Here, OPERAS’ decision support enables an increase in efficiency and accuracy of the coding process through code suggestions. Using the Formaldehyde, Silica, ALOHA, and DOM job-exposure matrices, we assessed the classification models’ exposure assessment accuracy.

Results
We show that, using expert-coded job descriptions as gold standard, OPERAS realized a 0.66–0.84, 0.62–0.81, 0.60–0.79, and 0.57–0.78 inter-coder reliability (in Cohen’s Kappa) on the first, second, third, and fourth coding levels, respectively. These exceed the respective inter-coder reliability of expert coders ranging 0.59–0.76, 0.56–0.71, 0.46–0.63, 0.40–0.56 on the same levels, enabling a 75.0–98.4% exposure assessment accuracy and an estimated 19.7–55.7% minimum workload reduction.

Conclusions
OPERAS secures a high degree of accuracy in occupational classification and exposure assessment of free-text job descriptions, substantially reducing workload. As such, OPERAS significantly outperforms both expert coders and other current coding tools. This enables large-scale, efficient, and effective exposure assessment securing healthy work conditions.
Adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system and particle swarm optimization: A modern paradigm for securing VANETs
Authors: Thiruppathy Kesavan V , Murugavalli S , Premkumar Manoharan , Selvarajan Shitharth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVehicular Adhoc Networks (VANET) facilitate inter‐vehicle communication using their dedicated connection infrastructure. Numerous advantages and applications exist associated with this technology, with road safety particularly noteworthy. Ensuring the transportation and security of information is crucial in the majority of networks, similar to other contexts. The security of VANETs poses a significant challenge due to the presence of various types of attacks that threaten the communication infrastructure of mobile vehicles. This research paper introduces a new security scheme known as the Soft Computing‐based Secure Protocol for VANET Environment (SC‐SPVE) method, which aims to tackle security challenges. The SC‐SPVE technique integrates an adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system and particle swarm optimisation to identify different attacks in VANETs efficiently. The proposed SC‐SPVE method yielded the following average outcomes: a throughput of 148.71 kilobits per second, a delay of 23.60 ms, a packet delivery ratio of 95.62%, a precision of 92.80%, an accuracy of 99.55%, a sensitivity of 98.25%, a specificity of 99.65%, and a detection time of 6.76 ms using the Network Simulator NS2.
A long‐term memory enhanced echo state network and its optimization
Authors: Lun Shuxian , Cai Jianning , Hu Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a new type of echo state network called Long‐Term Memory Enhanced Echo State Network (LTME‐ESN). By extending the ideas of the forget gate and the input gate from the LSTM, LTME‐ESN modifies the equation for updating the state in a Leaky Integral Echo State Network (Leaky‐ESN). By regulating the accumulation of information, the construction of extended periods of dependency between states may be delayed, allowing for adaptive management of the data transported from the previous state to the present one. In order to optimize parameters by using Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), this research presents a necessary condition for LTME‐ESN to meet the properties of the echo state network. The study uses low‐frequency sinusoidal, high‐frequency sinusoidal, and chaotic time series to demonstrate the model's efficiency. Simulations show that LTME‐ESN outperforms Leaky‐ESN in prediction accuracy and variation.
Exploitation of SAS interferometric phase statistics for coherent change detection
Authors: Shouldice Emma , Myers Vincent 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCoherent change detection (CCD) takes advantage of the interferometric processing of synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) images and enables the detection of small scale changes to the scene between image pairs. This paper builds upon interferometric phase statistics developed for synthetic aperture radar and presents a method to differentiate between possible sources of decorrelation. A single‐pass pair of SAS images is categorized into four zones based on acoustic amplitude and coherence properties. Results suggest that regions of low coherence caused by a scene change can be differentiated from regions of low coherence due to other sources of decorrelation. Phase statistics could provide a technique to reduce the false alarm rate in CCD. Further studies are required to validate the approach for repeat‐pass SAS imagery and consider the effects of temporal decorrelation and misregistration errors on the phase distributions.
Multi‐objective optimization method for control parameters of flexible direct current transmission converters based on intelligent algorithms
Authors: Yu Linlin , Tang Xiaojun , Si Ruihua , Xie Yan , Jia Peng , Li Lixin , Huo Qidi , Zhu Shaoxuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn order to meet the current needs of power transmission, people have turned their attention to direct current (DC) transmission. When the alternating current(AC) power grid (PG) fails, it is easy to cause commutation failure in the DC system, thereby increasing the fault scope of the system. Therefore, this article adopts a flexible DC transmission system. Flexible DC converters have many control parameters, and there are mutual influences and conflicts between these parameters. By applying intelligent algorithms to multi‐objective optimization (MOP), these complex MOP problems can be effectively solved and an optimal set of control parameter combinations can be found. This method has an important contribution and novelty for optimizing the converter control parameters of flexible DC transmission systems. This article achieves fast and accurate MOP of the control parameters of flexible DC transmission converters by continuously detecting the similarities between antibodies and maintaining the diversity of the population. The research results show that the average DC side current is about 405A in the first 20 seconds, and the DC side current fluctuates regularly after 20 seconds. This article lays the foundation for establishing a real‐time simulation model of flexible DC transmission systems suitable for real‐time simulation systems.
CSFFNet: Lightweight cross‐scale feature fusion network for salient object detection in remote sensing images
Authors: Wang Longbao , Long Chong , Li Xin , Tang Xiaodan , Bai Zhipeng , Gao Hongmin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSalient object detection (SOD), one of the most important applications in the field of computer vision, aims to extract the most visually appealing regions of scenes. However, the improvement of the accuracy of existing salient object detection in optical remote sensing images (ORSI‐SOD) is usually accompanied by an increase of network complexity, which affects the application of these models. Motivated by this, a novel lightweight edge‐supervised neural network for ORSI‐SOD is proposed, named CSFFNet. Specifically, the backbone (ResNet34) is first lightened by feature encoding module (FEM), building a lightweight subnet for feature extraction. Then, in the transformer‐based feature pyramid enhancement module (FPEM), the convolutional features obtained in the FEM are enhanced by long‐distance dependence to obtain multi‐scale features containing rich saliency cues. Based on this, the feature fusion module (FFM) is designed to capture cross‐scale long‐range dependencies and effectively fuse high‐level semantic information with low‐level detail information. Thus, the increase in network complexity due to multi‐level decoding is avoided. Finally, the segmentation results are optimized by using salient edges as auxiliary information, which effectively improves the contrast and completeness of the results. Experimental results on two public datasets demonstrate that the lightweight CSFFNet achieves competitive or even better performance compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods.
3D path planning problem for fighter aircraft with multiple constraints
Authors: Yang Ping , Xiao Bing , Chen Xin , Guo LiangLiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPath planning is a crucial component for ensuring the safety and efficiency of flight missions, especially for fighter aircraft. To enhance the combat effectiveness of fighter aircraft, it is important to consider how to avoid danger sources an terrain obstacles, reduce fuel consumption, and utilize the aircraft's own performance to accomplish the mission objectives. In the modern battlefield environment, the shortest path is not the only criterion for planning, but also other factors such as the threat level to the aircraft, fuel consumption, mission completion time, and minimum turning radius. In this paper, the authors propose a multi‐constraint path planning method for fighter aircraft that incorporates these factors into an improved particle swarm algorithm. The authors transform the constraints of three‐dimensional terrain, threat source, fuel consumption, and mission time into an aggregated fitness function. The authors construct a limit curvature matrix to evaluate the feasibility of the generated path. The authors also introduce an adaptive adjustment strategy based on the activation function for the parameters in the particle swarm algorithm. The weights of each constraint are determined according to the actual demand. The experiment results show that the authors’ method can efficiently plan the optimal path that satisfies the requirements. Compared with other improved particle swarm algorithms, the authors’ method has higher optimal search efficiency and better convergence effect. The authors also provide optimal values for important parameters such as mission energy consumption, mission time, flight speed and others to support the overall mission planning. The authors’ method has a certain practical application value.
Interventions to Reduce Electronic Health Record-Related Burnout: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kang Chaerim , Sarkar Indra Neil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Electronic health records are a significant contributing factor in clinician burnout, which negatively impacts patient care.
Objectives To identify and appraise published solutions that aim to reduce EHR-related burnout in clinicians.
Methods A literature search strategy was developed following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Six databases were searched for articles published between January 1950 and March 2023. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed, full-text, English language articles that described interventions targeting EHR-related burnout in any type of clinician, with reported outcomes related to burnout, wellness, EHR satisfaction, or documentation workload. Studies describing interventions without an explicit focus on reducing burnout or enhancing EHR-related satisfaction were excluded.
Results We identified 44 articles describing interventions to reduce EHR-related burnout. These interventions included the use of scribes, EHR training, and EHR modifications. These interventions were generally well received by the clinicians and patients, with subjective improvements in documentation time and EHR satisfaction, although objective data were limited.
Conclusion The findings of this review underscore the potential benefits of interventions to reduce EHR-related burnout as well as the need for further research with more robust study designs involving randomized trials, control groups, longer study durations, and validated, objective outcome measurements.
Haemodynamic changes after atrial fibrillation initiation in patients eligible for catheter ablation: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Almroth Henrik , Karlsson Lars O , Carlhäll Carl-Johan , Charitakis Emmanouil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation (AF) haemodynamics is less well studied due to challenges explained by the nature of AF. Until now, no randomized data are available. This study evaluates haemodynamic variables after AF induction in a randomized setting.

Methods and results
Forty-two patients with AF who had been referred for ablation to the University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden, and had no arrhythmias during the 4-day screening period were randomized to AF induction vs. control (2:1). Atrial fibrillation was induced by burst pacing after baseline intracardiac pressure measurements. Pressure changes in the right and left atrium (RA and LA), right ventricle (RV), and systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) were evaluated 30 min after AF induction compared with the control group. A total of 11 women and 31 men (median age 60) with similar baseline characteristics were included (intervention n = 27, control group n = 15). After 30 min in AF, the RV end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP) and RV systolic pressure (RVSP) significantly reduced compared with baseline and between randomization groups (RVEDP: P = 0.016; RVSP: P = 0.001). Atrial fibrillation induction increased DBP in the intervention group compared with the control group (P = 0.02), unlike reactions in SBP (P = 0.178). Right atrium and LA mean pressure (RAm and LAm) responses did not differ significantly between the groups (RAm: P = 0.307; LAm: P = 0.784).

Conclusion
Induced AF increased DBP and decreased RVEDP and RVSP. Our results allow us to understand some paroxysmal AF haemodynamics, which provides a haemodynamic rationale to support rhythm regulatory strategies to improve symptoms and outcomes.

Trial registration number (clinicaltrials.gov)
No NCT01553045. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01553045?term=NCT01553045&rank=1
Prevalence and factors associated with rural mothers’ protection against tetanus: a cross-national analysis in 33 sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Agbemavi Wonder , Ayebeng Castro , Okyere Joshua , Acheampong Emmanuella , Bediako Vincent Bio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia account for most new cases of tetanus. Despite efforts by the World Health Organization to eradicate tetanus, it still causes many maternal mortalities. We examined the prevalence and risk factors associated with tetanus protection among rural mothers in 33 SSA countries.

Methods
Data were extracted from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys of 33 SSA countries. A sample of 162 601 women from rural areas was drawn. Both descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted.

Results
Overall, approximately half (49.3%) of rural mothers were protected against tetanus. The association between maternal age, education, marital status, working status, distance to the health facility and number of antenatal visits were statistically significant with rural mothers’ protection from tetanus. Also, relationship to the household head, household size and frequency of listening to radio, reading a newspaper and watching television were statistically significant in predicting rural mothers’ protection from tetanus.

Conclusions
Policies and interventions by stakeholders must target high-risk populations, including adult women, those of poorer wealth status, those without media exposure and mothers with low educational attainment.
Please, carefully, pass the P5C
Authors: Verslues Paul E 
Published: November 2023

This article comments on:Zheng Y, Cabassa-Hourton C, Eubel H, Chevreux G, Lignieres L, Crilat E, Braun H-P, Lebreton S, Savouré A. 2024. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate metabolism protein complex detected in Arabidopsis thaliana leaf mitochondria. Journal of Experimental Botany 75, 917–934.
Chosen Peoples
Authors: Smith Anthony D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Unto thy seed I have given this land.’ From the moment of God’s covenant with Abraham in the Old Testament, the idea that a people are chosen by God has had a central role in shaping national identity. Chosen Peoples argues powerfully that sacred belief remains central to national identity, even in an increasingly secular, globalized modern world. In this important new study, Anthony D. Smith goes in search of the deep Judeo-Christian roots of the many manifestations of national identity. This rich and timely contribution to current debates about nationalism explains the complex historical reasons behind often violent modern conflicts around issues of land, culture, religion, and politics. Tracing the development of individual nations over many centuries, it offers fascinating insights into the religious and cultural foundations of countries such as Great Britain, the United States, Israel, France, and Germany. The argument draws on a wide range of examples from historic landscapes in Ireland, Switzerland and Egypt, myths of Arthurian Britain, Holy Russia, and Byzantium, through memories of a ‘Golden Age’, to the modern commemoration of the ‘Glorious Dead’, and of victims of war.
The Nation as a Sacred Communion
Authors: Smith Anthony D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Exile, it is often said, is the nursery of nationalism. If so, then the yearning for the homeland has a long history. In Psalm 1 37, we see the Jews by the rivers of Babylon, complaining of the humiliations heaped on them by their captors: For there they that led us captive required of us songs, And they that wasted us required of us mirth, saying, Sing us one of the songs of Zion. How shall we sing the Lord’s song in a strange land? From afar, we tend to visualize the homeland with sharper outlines and more golden hues. The nation of our dreams is imagined through native verse and song, in what Benedict Anderson calls ‘unisonance’, ‘the echoed physical realization of the imagined community’, where ‘Nothing connects us all but imagined sound’. At such moments, the community is perceived as pure, noble, solidary (Anderson 1991: 145).It is usual to see in nationalism a modern, secular ideology that replaces the religious systems found in premodern, traditional societies. In this view, ‘religion’ and ‘nationalism’ figure as two terms in the conventional distinction between tradition and modernity, and in an evolutionary framework that sees an inevitable movement whether liberating or destructive-from the one to the other.
Election and Covenant
Authors: Smith Anthony D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Whence comes the myth of the sacred communion of the people, and of the essential goodness of the authentic nation? The first place where one might look for an answer would be the ideal of fraternity proclaimed, along with those of liberty and equality, in the French Revolution. Here there seems to be a novel vision of the nation, one in which its collective will stands above and apart from individual interests and purposes, and which, because of the nation’s general and disinterested nature, commands the assent of its citizens. Beneath the factions, parties, and selfish interests, we can discern the rhythms and contours of a pure and authentic community that is the original and undying nation. As the Abbe Sieyes put it in Nations on earth must be conceived as individuals outside the social bond, or as is said, in the state of nature. The exercise of their will is free and independent of all civil forms. Existing only in the natural order, their will, to have its full effect, only needs to possess the naturalcharacteristics of a will. (cited in Cobban 1963: i. 165, emphasis in original)Undoubtedly, in the form in which it is stated, this vision of the essential nature of the nation was most clearly and boldly enunciated
Introduction
Authors: Rachels James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
DARWIN wrote these words in 1838, twenty-one years before he was to publish The Origin of Species. He would go on to support this idea with overwhelming evidence, and in doing so he would bring about a profound change in our conception of ourselves. After Darwin, we can no longer think of ourselves as occupying a special place in creation—instead, we must realize that we are products of the same evolutionary forces, working blindly and without purpose, that shaped the rest of the animal kingdom. And this, it is commonly said, has deep philosophical significance.
The religious implications of Darwinism are often discussed. From the outset, churchmen have worried that evolution is incompatible with religion. Whether their concern is justified is still debated, and I will have a good bit to say about this. But Darwinism also poses a problem for traditional morality. Traditional morality, no less than traditional religion, assumes that man is ‘a great work’. It grants to humans a moral status superior to that of any other creatures on earth. It regards human life, and only human life, as sacred, and it takes the love of mankind as its first and noblest virtue. What becomes of all this, if man is but a modified ape?
Health economics research in developing countries: an overview
Authors: Lee Kenneth , Mills Anne , Hoare Geoffrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Those responsible for the planning, delivery, and evaluation of health and health-related services increasingly recognize that systematic approaches are necessary, in the face of limited and often shrinking resources for health, to make the inevitable difficult choices. In the developing world, this recognition has been longer established than elsewhere, and sharpened by recent and continuing economic difficulties. Economics, which is concerned with issues of choice related to production, exchange, and consumption, provides a ready vehicle for the consideration of how best to use scarce resources for the production of health. Certainly, the potential contribution that techniques of economic analysis can bring to the improvement of health is being given much attention, and rightly so