bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supporting primary care clinicians in caring for patients with alcohol use disorder: study protocol for Records for Alcohol Care Enhancement (RACE), a factorial four-arm randomized trial
Authors: Magane Kara M. , Saitz Richard , Fielman Sarah , LaRochelle Marc R. , Shanahan Christopher W. , Pace Christine A. , LaValley Michael , Penington Kaley , Karzhevsky Skylar , Hurstak Emily 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Unhealthy alcohol use, a spectrum of use inclusive of risky consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Most people with unhealthy alcohol use do not receive evidence-based treatment. This four-arm factorial design randomized trial will assess whether population health management (PHM) and clinical care management (CCM) support for primary care providers (PCPs) are associated with improved AUD treatment engagement among their patients, beyond electronic health record (EHR) prompting and decision support alone.

Methods
PCPs from an urban safety-net hospital-based primary care clinic are randomized to one of four groups (1) EHR best practice advisory (BPA) and clinical decision support tools for unhealthy alcohol use (BPA), (2) BPA plus population health manager support, (3) BPA plus clinical care manager support, and (4) all three. All PCPs will have access to the EHR BPA and decision support tools which provide chart-based advisories and order set navigation. PCPs assigned to receive PHM support will receive quarterly panel-level feedback on AUD treatment metrics for their patients. PCPs assigned to receive CCM support will receive CCM facilitation of AUD treatment processes including medication counseling, referrals, and support through direct patient interactions. The primary outcome will be the percent of patients engaged in AUD treatment among those with a new AUD diagnosis on a PCP’s panel. Secondary outcomes include the percent of patients with a new diagnosis of AUD who (1) initiated AUD treatment, (2) were prescribed AUD medications within 90 days, and (3) numerical counts of a range of AUD health services (outpatient encounters, specialty AUD care encounters, referrals, and acute healthcare utilization) in this sample. We will assess the primary outcome and the acute healthcare utilization secondary outcomes using Medicaid claims; the remaining secondary outcomes will be assessed using EHR data.

Discussion
The study will evaluate how a targeted EHR innovation alone, compared with population health and care management enhancements alone or in combination, impact engagement in AUD treatment, a national quality of care measure. Findings will advance understanding of supports needed to improve systems of care for AUD in general settings.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier/registration number (NCT number): NCT05492942
Validation and assessment of the arabic psychological first aid scale among physicians, nurses, and counselors in Jordan
Authors: Alshareef Basma Eid , Alfuqaha Othman A. , Maali Ibraheem B. , Amer Khaled 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Psychological first aid (PFA) involves strategies to tackle problems that occur as a result of disasters. This study aimed to validate the Arabic version of PFA scale through validity (face, content, convergent, discriminant validity, and confirmatory factor analysis) and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha). Furthermore, it aimed to assess the perceived levels of knowledge, skills, and attitudes of PFA among healthcare providers (HCPs). Moreover, it determined the differences between HCPs based on their knowledge, skills, and attitudes of PFA.

Methods
A sample size of 389 HCPs (physicians = 68, nurses = 173, and counselors = 148) was conveniently selected to participate during the period of 10 December 2023 to 10 February 2024 after completing the translated PFA scale into the Arabic language. Descriptive, translation, validation process, and reliability were conducted.

Results
The translation process was satisfied. The content validity index was 0.91, yielding proper clarity of items. Three constructs were loaded with a total variation of 63.43%, indicating a proper model fit. The goodness-of-fit indices for the PFA model revealed that relative chi-square was 1.47, comparative fit index was 0.91, Tucker-Lewis index was 0.89, and the root mean square of error approximation was 0.046. Cronbach alpha values for knowledge, skills, and attitudes of PFA were 0.90, 0.89, 0.87, respectively. We found that counselors have more knowledge (64.4%), skills (73.4%), and attitudes (73.4%) compared to physicians and nurses. There are significant differences (p < 0.001) between the selected HCP groups, particularly for the counselors’ group in terms of knowledge, skills, and attitudes of PFA.

Conclusions
The Arabic PFA scale is valid and reliable among HCPs. The results highlight the emergent need to provide knowledge, skills, and attitudes of PFA interventions among medical professionals, particularly for physicians and nurses. The Arabic version of PFA helps all HCPs in Arab countries to assess, apply, and implement PFA interventions.
Lithium and strontium isotope hydrogeochemistry in Okayama and Tottori Prefectures, southwest Japan: implications for tracing slab-derived fluid
Authors: Akishiba Manato , Nishio Yoshiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Dehydration of the Philippine Sea Plate during subduction beneath the forearc region of southwest Japan releases fluids into the crust, potentially producing Arima-type fluids, which are characterized by anomalous hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions (δD and δ
18O). Arima-type fluids have been identified in limited hot springs near active faults, such as the Arima and Takarazuka hot springs. The aim of our study is to understand why there have been limited reports of Arima-type fluids, despite the likelihood of their formation during slab dehydration. δ
7Li data can be used to identify Arima-type fluids in samples with Cl– concentrations below 3400 mg/L, whereas δD and δ
18O data have difficulty to detect them. In this study, we collected and analyzed samples from Okayama and Tottori Prefectures in southwest Japan, focusing on their chemical compositions and δ
7Li and 87Sr/86Sr values. We found that the δ
7Li and 87Sr/86Sr compositions of some of the water samples from Okayama Prefecture were similar to those of Arima-type fluids and that they are unlikely to be explained by other sources (e.g., local reactions with host rocks, residual hydrothermal/magmatic fluids, or seawater altered by rocks). Our results therefore suggest there may be a more extensive distribution of Arima-type fluids in the forearc region of southwest Japan than has been previously reported.
Predictive value of different baseline optical coherence tomography biomarkers for visual acuity changes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Riazi-Esfahani Hamid , Faghihi Hooshang , Bazvand Fatemeh , Mehrabi Bahar Mohammadreza , Khojasteh Hassan , Husein Ahmed Ahmed , Faghihi Shahin , Fakhraie Ali , Zamani Mohammad Hossein , Ghasemi Samin , Asadi Khameneh Esmaeil , Khalili Pour Elias 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
To evaluate baseline optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers in treatment-naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and their correlation with visual acuity changes following intravitreal aflibercept injections.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on treatment-naïve nAMD patients. Baseline OCT biomarkers, including shallow irregular pigment epithelial detachment (SIPED), subretinal hyperreflective material, subretinal fluid, intraretinal fluid (IRF), hyperreflective foci, and subretinal drusenoid deposits, were assessed. Patients received bimonthly aflibercept injections after three loading doses. Visual acuity changes were evaluated at 3 and 12 months. The maximum height and width of the largest pigment epithelial detachment (PED) were also measured.

Results
Among 89 eyes with nAMD, mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved by 6 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters from baseline to month 3, with sustained improvement through month 12. Baseline IRF was associated with poorer visual acuity improvement at month 12, with patients showing a mean improvement of 1.6 ± 18.2 ETDRS letters versus 11.1 ± 10 ETDRS letters in those without IRF (P = 0.002). Multivariable analysis indicated SIPED was linked to lower visual gains at month 3 (P = 0.025). The largest PED width correlated significantly with lower BCVA gains at months 3 (P = 0.021) and 12 (P = 0.043), suggesting its potential as a prognostic factor.

Conclusion
Baseline OCT biomarkers, including SIPED, IRF, and PED width, may predict visual acuity changes in nAMD patients treated with aflibercept, highlighting the need for individualized monitoring.

Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
A systemic analysis of container terminal layouts
Authors: Rodrigue Jean-Paul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The paper provides a systemic analysis of the layout characteristics of a geodatabase comprised of a large sample of 331 global container terminals. Despite the propensity towards terminal standardization that can be expected from containerization, container terminals demonstrate a substantial diversity in measurable attributes such as perimeter, terminal surface, yard surface, and berth length. This is mainly attributed to site characteristics constraining terminal design and operations with clusters arranged along terminal rectangularity level. A further observation concerns the propensity of container terminals to be oriented longitudinally. Geographical factors remain important, including whether the terminal design is a reconversion of an older facility, an adaptation to specific site constraints, or a new land reclamation.
Revealing viral hepatitis epidemiology in the Democratic Republic of Congo: insights from yellow fever surveillance reanalysis
Authors: Mukadi-Kakoni Patrick , Munyeku-Bazitama Yannick , Kashitu-Mujinga Gracia , Manwana-Pemba Marguerite , Zenga-Bibi Niclette , Okitale-Talunda Patient , Mbelu-Kabongo Christelle , Domai-Mbuyakala Fleurette , Pukuta-Simbu Elisabeth , Mutantu-Nsele Pierre , Kubo Yoshinao , Makiala-Mandanda Sheila , Ahuka-Mundeke Steve , Ariyoshi Koya , Muyembe-Tamfum Jean-Jacques 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Yellow fever surveillance systems are designed to identify cases of acute febrile jaundice, a clinical syndrome used to monitor the emergence of yellow fever outbreaks. However, this syndrome has diverse etiologies, particularly viral hepatitis. This study investigates the seroepidemiology of viral hepatitis A (HAV), B (HBV), C (HCV), and E (HEV) among cases initially suspected to be yellow fever, aiming to elucidate the epidemiology of viral hepatitis in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and provide insights for improving public health interventions.

Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using serum samples collected between 2017 and 2018 through national yellow fever surveillance in the DRC. Samples from individuals testing negative for yellow fever were tested for IgM antibodies against HAV, HBc, HCV, and HEV and HBs antigen using validated ELISA kits. Acute HBV infection was defined by both HBc IgM and HBs antigen positivity. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association of demographic, geographic, and environmental factors with each hepatitis type.

Results
Among 1239 participants (58.8% male; median age: 16 years), seroprevalence was 16.1, 11.2, 5.0, and 3.1% for HAV, HBV, HCV and HEV, respectively. HAV prevalence was highest in the youngest age group and rural residents. In contrast, the youngest group was most protected from HBV. HCV prevalence was highest in the oldest age groups. HEV exhibited higher prevalence during the dry season and in a humid subtropical climate. Several provinces were identified as hotspots of HAV, HCV and HEV.

Conclusions
Viral hepatitis is a major cause of acute febrile jaundice in the DRC with notable geographic and seasonal trends. National yellow fever surveillance is a valuable resource for understanding hepatitis epidemiology, though careful interpretation is necessary. Tailored interventions are required for mitigating the burden of viral hepatitis in each province.
Epidemiology of urinary tract infections in the Middle East and North Africa, 1990–2021
Authors: Amiri Fatemeh , Safiri Saeid , Aletaha Reza , Sullman Mark J. M. , Hassanzadeh Kamaleddin , Kolahi Ali-Asghar , Arshi Shahnam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
This research reports the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, stratified by sex, age, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) from 1990 to 2021.

Methods
Data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, encompassing all 21 countries in the region. Metrics such as absolute counts, age-standardised rates, and percentage changes from 1990 to 2021 are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).

Results
In 2019, the MENA region recorded an incidence rate of 4,033.4 per 100,000 (95% UIs: 3,553.7–4,548.7) and 7,687 deaths (95% UIs: 6,663–8,969). The DALY rate was 41.3 per 100,000 (95% UIs: 36.1–47.2), which was highest among older adults, reaching a peak in the 80–89 age range, and increasing with age, particularly from the 50 + age groups. A non-linear relationship was identified between the burden of UTIs and the SDI, with higher-than-expected rates in lower SDI countries such as Syria and Lebanon.

Conclusion
Despite a substantial increase in the total number of UTI cases and DALYs in the region from 1990 to 2021, the age-standardised rates remained stable. The larger burden in lower SDI countries highlights the urgent need for targeted public health interventions. Improving healthcare access and antibiotic stewardship is crucial to mitigating the growing burden of UTIs, particularly among older populations in the region.
Determination of damaging SNP’s in SHANK3 gene with in silico methods
Authors: Albayrak İrem Gülfem , Yektar Şeyma , Kaya Süeda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Asperger's syndrome, autism, and other neurodevelopmental diseases are all included under the general term autism spectrum disorder. The SHANK3 gene has a significant role in autism spectrum disorder; mutations in this gene are seen in roughly 1–2% of patients with both autism and intellectual disability. This genetic association provides insight concerning SHANK3's potential significance in the disorder's development. There is considerable evidence associating SHANK3 mutations to autism spectrum disorder; hence, it is worthwhile to investigate the underlying molecular genetic mechanisms of the disease.

Results
This research uses in silico approaches such as SIFT, PolyPhen-2, I-Mutant 2.0, and Project HOPE to find harmful SNPs, which are the single nucleotide polymorphisms the most prevalent types of genetic variation in humans, in the SHANK3 gene. After the analysis, from the NCBI dbSNP database, 1535 missense SNPs in the SHANK3 gene were identified, with 54 classified as deleterious. Among these, 30 SNPs were confirmed damaging by both SIFT and PolyPhen-2, and 28 led to increased protein stability while two decreased it. In the presented research, effects on protein structure of this SNPs are discussed.

Conclusions
This in silico study improves our understanding of the complicated molecular changes associated with the SHANK3 gene and contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the genetic landscape. By deepening our knowledge of the genetic basis and molecular pathways linked to SHANK3 mutations, our findings may offer direction for focused experimental validations and treatment strategies for autism spectrum disorder.
Mechanistic insights toward progress in alogliptin beyond glycemic control: translational perspective
Authors: Ahmed Faraha , Ahmad Syed Sufian , Alam M. Mumtaz , Shaqiquzzaman M. , Najmi Abul Kalam , Khan Mohammad Ahmed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Alogliptin belongs to gliptin family of drugs that inhibits ubiquitous enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Gliptins increase the life-span of incretin hormones that appear to benefit functioning of several organs via various signaling pathways.

Main body
Alogliptin is approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in majority of the countries. It is administered orally and efficacious as monotherapy as well as combined therapy with other T2DM drugs, such as pioglitazone and metformin. It has a good safety profile, well-tolerated in elderly patients and in patients with co-morbid conditions including risks of cardiovascular event, renal or hepatic insufficiency. Therefore, alogliptin is incessantly experimented and investigated for its therapeutic benefit. Recent developments have indicated potential of alogliptin in discrete pathological conditions. Emerging evidences suggest prominent cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, reno-protective, anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering capacity of alogliptin. Apart from inhibiting DPP-4 enzyme, alogliptin also affects several signaling mechanisms to exhibit protective effects in patients with diabetes-induced complications.

Conclusion
This review highlights the potential role of alogliptin and mechanisms involved in amelioration of several other pathological conditions apart from its role in glucose metabolism. Thus, this may provide insights for better utilization and repurposing of alogliptin as a therapeutic agent.
Molecular landscape and therapeutic strategies in pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Yang Adeline T , Lai Sin-ting Tiffany , Laetsch Theodore W , Bhatti Tricia , Baloch Zubair , Surrey Lea F , Franco Aime T , Ricarte-Filho Julio C Marques , Mostoufi-Moab Sogol , Adzick N Scott , Kazahaya Ken , Bauer Andrew J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
There has been significant progress in understanding the molecular landscape of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma over the past two decades. Classification of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma into three-tiers, RAS-like mutant, BRAF-mutant, and kinase-fusions, accurately reflects an increasing risk for invasive behavior, including regional and distant metastasis. In clinical practice, somatic oncogene testing for nodules with indeterminate cytology per the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology provides objective data to optimize surgical planning. In addition, knowledge of the somatic oncogene for widely invasive carcinomas allows for incorporation of oncogene-specific inhibitory therapy both in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant setting. In the present review, we review the risk factors, clinical presentation, and evaluation of pediatric DTC, highlighting the correlation among ultrasound features, cytology, and oncogenic driver of the tumor. We subsequently propose an integrated, multi-modal approach that can be used to improve diagnostic accuracy and reliability for pre-operative planning as well as identify and discuss which pediatric patients may benefit from systemic oral targeted therapy.
Hypothalamic Estrogen Receptor α Is Essential for Female Marmoset Sexual Behavior Without Protecting From Obesity
Authors: Kraynak Marissa , Willging Molly M , Uhlrich Daniel J , Shapiro Robert A , Flowers Matthew T , Manning Karen A , John Sara D , Williams Samantha M , Henjum Lukas J , Marrah Rebecca C , Yohnk Hannah R , Berg Carter B , Brunner Kevin , Colman Ricki J , Alexander Andrew L , Abbott David H , Levine Jon E 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) in the ventromedial (VMN) and arcuate (ARC) nuclei of female rodent mediobasal hypothalami (MBHs) provides a crucial molecular gateway facilitating estradiol (E2) regulation of sexual behavior, reproductive neuroendocrinology, and metabolic function. In female nonhuman primates (NHPs) and women, however, its hypothalamic counterpart remains unknown.

Objective
We hypothesized that knockdown (KD) of ERα expression in the hypothalamic VMN and ARC of female marmosets would diminish sexual receptivity, while simultaneously disrupting gonadotropic and metabolic homeostasis.

Methods
We ovariectomized (OVX) adult female marmosets of comparable age and weight, immediately replaced E2 at midcycle levels, and approximately 1 month later assigned monkeys to diet-induced obesity (DIO) within group (1) control, receiving scrambled short hairpin RNA (shRNA), or (2) ERαKD, receiving selective ERα gene silencing shRNA. Magnetic resonance imaging–guided neural surgery enabled hypothalamic infusion of viral vector shRNA and subsequent brain immunohistochemistry enabled observer-validated, NIS-elements computer software quantification of ERα knockdown.

Results
ERα expression was significantly diminished in the VMN and ARC, but not the preoptic area (POA), of ERαKD females coincident with elimination of timely female sexual responses, more than 80% loss of female receptivity, modestly elevated gonadotropin levels, hyperglycemia, and diminished calorie consumption. Density and intensity of ERα-expressing cells in the VMN correlated positively with female sexual receptivity and calorie consumption, negatively with timeliness of female sexual responses, and in the ARC, correlated negatively with calorie consumption.

Conclusion
ERα activation in the female NHP MBH is critically important for female sexual behavior and modestly contributes to gonadotropic and metabolic control.