bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing the incremental effectiveness of pay-for-performance to improve implementation of a motivational interviewing brief intervention for substance use disorders in HIV settings: Results of a cluster-randomized type 3 hybrid trial
Authors: Garner Bryan R , Tueller Stephen , Bradshaw Michael , Speck Kathryn , Satre Derek , Rash Carla , Donohoe Tom , Mungo Jackie , Philbrick Sarah , Ruwala Richa , Roosa Mathew , Zehner Mark , II James Ford 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) have a serious adverse impact on people living with HIV. Previously, using a 39-site dual-randomized type 2 hybrid trial design, findings from the Substance Abuse Treatment to HIV Care Project supported the Implementation and Sustainment Facilitation (ISF) strategy to improve implementation and effectiveness of a motivational interviewing brief intervention (MIBI) for SUD within HIV service settings across the United States (US). Building on this trial, this cluster-randomized type 3 hybrid trial aimed to test the incremental effectiveness of a pay-for-performance (P4P), a form of the “alter incentive/allowance structures” strategy.
Methods: Twenty-six HIV service organizations, their staff participants (N=87), and their client participants (N=341) were cluster-randomized to one of two implementation conditions. The control condition included staff-focused training, feedback, and consultation (TFC) and team-focused implementation and sustainment (ISF). The experimental condition included TFC+ISF as well as P4P (TFC+ISF+P4P). P4P used financial incentives to reward MIBI implementation (US$10 per MIBI delivered) and MIBI implementation at or above a pre-defined level of quality (US$10 per demonstration). In addition to these outcomes, past 4-week changes/reductions in client participant’s days of primary substance use and anxiety symptoms were examined.
Results: The addition of P4P had a large and significant effect on the number of MIBIs implemented (d=1.30, p<.05) and reduction in anxiety (d=-1.54), but there was no impact on days of substance use. P4P had large effects on MIBI quality (d=1.24) and MIBI implementation effectiveness (d=1.28), but these were not significant (p<.10).
Conclusions: P4P is a form of the “alter incentive/allowance structures” strategy Its function is to reward the implementation of a clinical innovation. Rewarding implementation is consistent with the theory of implementation effectiveness, which suggests implementation climate (i.e., the extent to which implementation is expected, supported, and rewarded) is a key antecedent of implementation effectiveness (i.e., the consistency and quality of implementation). We found that P4P had a significant, positive impact on MIBI implementation in HIV service settings, but client-level outcomes were mixed. Future research should examine the cost-effectiveness of this strategy, as well as to examine the effectiveness of P4P to improve the implementation of other evidence-based innovations.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04687917. Registered 12/18/2020.
Meta-Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease Risk
Authors: Torkamani Ali , Chen Shang-Fu , Lee Sang Eun , Sadaei Hossein , Park Jun-Bean , Khattab Ahmed , Henegar Corneliu , Wineinger Nathan , Muse Evan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Recent advances in large-scale genome-wide association studies have highlighted the potential of genetic risk, captured as polygenic risk scores (PRS), in clinical prevention. However, the current clinical utility of PRS models is limited to identifying high-risk populations based on the top percentiles of genetic susceptibility. While some studies have attempted integrative prediction using genetic and non-genetic factors, many of these studies have been cross-sectional and focused solely on risk stratification. Our primary objective in this study was to integrate unmodifiable (age / genetics) and modifiable (clinical / biometric) risk factors into a prospective prediction framework which also produces actionable and personalized risk estimates for the purpose of CAD prevention in a heterogenous adult population. Thus, we present an integrative, omnigenic, meta-prediction framework that effectively captures CAD risk subgroups, primarily distinguished by degree and nature of genetic risk, with distinct risk reduction profiles predicted from standard clinical interventions. Initial model development considered ~ 2,000 predictive features, including demographic data, lifestyle factors, physical measurements, laboratory tests, medication usage, diagnoses, and genetics. To power our meta-prediction approach, we stratified the UK Biobank into two primary cohorts: 1) a prevalent CAD cohort used to train baseline and prospective predictive models for contributing risk factors and diagnoses, and 2) an incident CAD cohort used to train the final CAD incident risk prediction model. The resultant 10-year incident CAD risk model is composed of 35 derived meta-features from models trained on the prevalent risk cohort, most of which are predicted baseline diagnoses with multiple embedded PRSs. This model achieved an AUC of 0.81 and macro-averaged F1-score of 0.65, outperforming standard clinical scores and prior integrative models. We further demonstrate that individualized risk reduction profiles can be derived from this model, with genetic risk mediating the degree of risk reduction achieved by standard clinical interventions.
Expression and localization of aquaporins in the renal system of the goat (Capra hircus) under tropical climatic conditions
Authors: Shukla Smriti , Deshpande Aditya D. , Ludri Ashutosh , Kumar Anil , De S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A lack of adequate quality and quantity of water impacts goat physiology. Goats may adapt in harsh climatic conditions lacking water by changing their expression of aquaporin (AQP) genes for effective water absorption. The present study aimed to study the seasonal mRNA expression of aquaporins (AQP1, AQP2 and AQP3) in the renal system of goat (Capra hircus) concerning their thermoregulation. Tissue samples of the renal cortex, renal medulla, ureter and urinary bladder of 10 male goats aged two years were collected from the slaughterhouse at Karnal, Haryana each during the summer (hot), spring (thermoneutral) and winter (cold) seasons and analyzed for gene expression by real time-polymerized chain reactions and their immunolocalization. The physiological responses of the animals were recorded before slaughtering of experimental animals. The study confirmed the mRNA expression and immunohistolocalization of AQP1, AQP2 and AQP3 in the renal system of goats. AQP1 was found to be higher in the cortex of the renal system during summer in comparison to winter. The relative expressions of AQP2 and AQP3 were higher in the renal medulla than in the renal cortex during the summer. The seasonal variations in AQP1 mRNA expression was found non-significant in ureter of goats, but significantly (p < 0.05) higher during summer comparison to winter in urinary bladder of goat. The relative expression of AQP2 and AQP3 were found to be upregulated in both ureter and urinary bladder tissue sample during summer. The relative mRNA expression of AQP3 was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher in ureter and urinary bladder as compared to AQP1 and AQP2 during summer season. The fluctuations in aquaporins gene expression during water stress and hyperosmotic conditions of renal cells suggest the aquaporins genes’ beneficial participation in preserving the body's water balance.Variations in the serumhormone assay components were observed in the goats during the summer seasons. The significant (p < 0.05) increase in the aldosterone (ALD) andvasopressin/anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) concentrations was high during summer, showing a direct relationship with efficient water balancing mechanisms in the body of goat during different seasons in tropical climatic conditions.
Insight of super-capacitive properties of flexible gel polymer electrolyte containing butyl imidazole ionic liquids with different anions based on PVDF-HFP
Authors: Sun Xiaoze , Liu Hongxia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Capacitors based on ionic liquid gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) have received wide attention as an environmentally friendly energy source due to their good specific capacitance, good cycling capacity, and stability. Herein, flexible gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) films were prepared and applied using three butyl imidazole ionic liquids containing different anions as additives based on polyvinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP). The structural and mechanical properties of GPE films have been characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA, stress-strain, and DFT calculations, and their ionic conductivity has been tested by stainless steel methods. The assembled symmetric supercapacitor underwent testing via cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance, and constant current charge-discharge methods. The objective was to assess the impact of various gel electrolytes utilized in the experiment. This work is useful to further verify the influence of the anionic component of ionic liquids on the physical and chemical properties of gel electrolytes and to prepare more excellent solid electrolytes for supercapacitors.
Risk factors for allergy: Evidence from cross sectional analysis of a UK primary care database.
Authors: Diwakar Lavanya , Subramanian Anuradhaa , Shah Divya K , Subramaniam Sumithra , Pelly Victoria S , Greenfield Sheila , Moore David , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
As the global prevalence of allergy increases, it is clear that more individuals are presenting with complex and multiple allergies. The impact of various demographic and clinical risk factors on developing allergies has not been previously explored at a population level.
Objectives
To ascertain if age, gender, ethnicity, geographical region of residence and being diagnosed with another allergy affect the risk of having allergies.
Methods
The health improvement network database (THIN) is a live primary care database which holds data generalisable to the UK population. A retrospective logistic regression analysis was performed using cross-sectional data for the year 2018 extracted from the THIN database. Demographic data and allergy diagnoses were used as independent variables to estimate the odds of developing allergies.
Results
Of the 3.03 million records analysed, 49.8% were male and 19.7% were children (aged < 18 yrs). There were gender, ethnicity and region-based differences in the prevalence of Primary Care Physician (PCP) diagnosed allergic diseases in the UK. Individuals with any diagnosed allergy had significantly higher odds of being diagnosed with others. Individuals with eczema and asthma were at higher risk of developing food and drug allergy as well as anaphylaxis. Those with urticaria were also more likely to be diagnosed with anaphylaxis. The odds of developing anaphylaxis are highest in individuals with food allergy [OR: 54.57 (95%CI: 45.65–65.22); p < 0.001 for children and OR:18.05 (95% CI:16.79–19.41); p < 0.001 for adults respectively].
Conclusions
Having an allergy significantly increases the odds of being diagnosed with others. There are age, gender, ethnicity and region based differences in the prevalence of allergies. These data suggest that a significant proportion of individuals with allergies have complicated needs related to their ethnic, social, economic as well as clinical phenotype. This should be taken into account when planning for future allergy services.
The Rhythm of Aging: Routine Preferences in Older Adults – Interplay of Personality, Self-control, Impulsiveness, and Intolerance for Uncertainty
Authors: Welenc Urszula , Hopper Louise 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As the population of older adults grows, understanding factors that influence preference for routine becomes increasingly important. This study provides valuable insights into the complexities surrounding (non-) routine preferences, with implications for older adult well-being. We hypothesised that personality traits, self-control, impulsiveness, and intolerance of uncertainty would significantly contribute to an individual's preference for routine. Participants were 100 home-dwelling older adults (aged 65+). Using a survey design, preference for routine was assessed through self-reported measures. Quantitative data was collected using the personality traits (BFI), self-control (BSCS), impulsiveness (BTI), intolerance of uncertainty (IOU-12), and preference for routine (PFR) scales. The reliability of the scales was assessed using Cronbach's coefficient. The survey also included qualitative open-ended questions to gain insight into participants' subjective perspectives on routine preferences. Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis revealed significant associations between conscientiousness, neuroticism, self-control, intolerance of uncertainty and preference for routine. Extraversion, openness and impulsiveness were highly correlated with a preference for non-routine. Inductive Content Analysis identified content categories for routine (“Motivated Autonomy," "Efficiency and Structure," and "Psychological Well-being") and three for non-routine ("Unrestrained Exploration," "Emotional Discomfort," and "Resistance to Control"). Our study highlights that an individual's personality traits significantly influence their preference for (non-) routine in later life. Understanding these preferences is crucial for healthcare professionals, caregivers, and policymakers, as it allows for tailoring interventions and support for older adults based on their unique needs. This research emphasises the importance of recognising and accommodating individual differences among older adults, ultimately enhancing their well-being and quality of life.
Clinical presentation and outcomes according to KRAS status in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Carvalho Giselle Souza , Vianna Clara Louise , Wilheim André , Santo Mariana Espírito , Milagres Rafaela , Small Isabele Ávila , Araujo Luiz Henrique 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
The goal of the current study was to assess the frequency of KRAS mutation subtypes in a cohort of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). More importantly, we present the clinical characteristics, treatment profile, as well as overall survival (OS) according to KRAS mutational status.
Methods
This study comprised a retrospective analysis of patients from a cancer center database from 2016 to 2019. All patients had confirmed diagnosis of non-squamous NSCLC by pathological examination (histology or cytology), metastatic disease (de novo or recurrence) and were tested for KRAS mutations.
Results
A total of 200 patients were included; 25 had G12C (12.5%), 33 had other KRAS mutations (16.5%), and 142 were wild type (71.0%). Mean age at diagnosis was 63.9 years (SD 11.0); most patients were females (60.5%), smokers (70.0%), and were diagnosed with advanced disease (13.1% and 80.8% at stages III and IV, respectively). Adenocarcinoma comprised 99% of tumors, and 19.5% presented central nervous system (CNS) involvement. CNS was more often involved in KRAS G12C-mutant cases (p = 0.044), and KRAS mutations were inversely associated with EGFR (p < 0.001). Survival was not significantly different according to KRAS status (p = 0.41). Median OS was 10.6 months (95% CI, 8.9–15.7), 11.7 months (95% CI, 5.1–34.8), and 7.7 months (95% CI, 5.0-18.4) in KRAS wild type, G12C, and others, respectively.
Conclusion
KRAS G12C was present in relatively high frequency, and lacked prognostic impact in the current study. This mutation may develop independently of clinical factors, and therefore should be routinely tested in all patients with advanced, non-squamous NSCLC.
An incoherent superconducting nanowire phonon detector revealing the controversial gate-controlled superconductivity
Authors: Zhang Labao , Li Haochen , Tan Jingrou , Guan Yanqiu , Chen Qi , Wang Hao , Zhang Biao , Tu Xuecou , Zhao Qing-Yuan , Jia Xiao-Qing , Kang Lin , Yang Zhuolin , Chen Jian , Wu Pei-Heng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Superconductor nanodevices serve significant platforms for solid-state quantum systems, such as quantum computer and quantum detector. And the out-of-equilibrium phenomena always plays an important role in superconductor nanodevices. Here we reported an incoherent superconducting nanowire phonon detector for revealing the out-of-equilibrium phenomena in the controversial gate-controlled superconductivity (GCS), which recently provide a new perspective on the design of superconducting devices. The asymmetric dependence of the gate-inducing signal count rate (CR) on the gate voltage polarity not only suggests that GCS is dominated by the hybrid effect of field-emission electrons and the out-of-equilibrium phonons, but also verifies the capability of the detector to respond to phonons. These conclusions are further proven by applying opposite gate voltages on two remote gates, in which only phonons play a role and the asymmetry vanishes. We show the significance of nanowire sensitivity and band structure to GCS, which can be used to modulate the polarity symmetry of CR on gate voltage. Proposed detector contributes to the research on the out-of-equilibrium phenomena and has potential in constructing phonon-based solid quantum devices.
Tuning the oxidation activity of alcohols via hydrogen-bond interactions
Authors: Shi Song , Feng xiao , Yang Piaoping , Wang Yinwei , Cao Jieqi , Gao Jin , Vlachos Dionisios 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Weak interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, are crucial in enzyme catalysis. Here, we develop AuPd alloy nanoparticle catalysts encapsulated by a porous organic framework shell that mimics the outer coordination sphere of an enzyme. Various hydrogen bond acceptors (C=O, S=O, and N-O groups) were imparted in the shell. Concentration-dependent 1H-NMR, IGC measurements, and DFT calculations underscore that the hydrogen bond strength between the catalyst acceptor groups and alcohol follows the order of C=O<S=O<N-O. Benzyl alcohol oxidation rate vs. the hydrogen bond acceptor strength follows a volcano behavior, reminiscent of Sabatier's principle. The performance variation among catalysts is attributed to the adsorption strength of the substrate. The proposed bio-inspired design principle expands the scope of encapsulated catalysts, enabling fine regulation of catalytic activity through precise microenvironment control via weak interactions with substrates.
Experiences of antibiotic use and healthcare access among migrants in the UK: a qualitative study
Authors: Silva Luisa , Al-Oraibi Amani , Nanakali Shajwan , Chaloner Jonathan , Gogoi Mayuri , Hassan Osama , Al-Sharabi Isra , Sahare Pankhuri , Pareek Manish , Qureshi Irtiza , Nellums Laura B 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background:
In recent years, migration to and within Europe has increased. Human mobility has been hypothesised as a contributing factor towards antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, there is limited evidence to explain how migration contributes towards antibiotic resistance. More qualitative research regarding migrants’ perspectives of antibiotic use is needed to understand this complex interaction. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of antibiotic use and healthcare access among migrants in the UK, and how this might influence the risk of AMR.
Methods:
Adult migrants were purposively recruited through community organisations, collaborators, online platforms and snowball sampling representing different migrant statuses, countries of origin and ethnicities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online, by phone or face-to-face, in participants’ preferred languages, between March and July 2022 exploring antibiotic use and healthcare access. Data were analysed thematically and the study was informed by a Project Advisory Committee, with members from Doctors of the World and professionals who were previously refugees or asylum seekers.
Results:
27 migrants (17 males and 10 females), aged 21-60, from 17 different countries were interviewed. Four main themes were generated: 1) Uncharted territory: navigating a new healthcare system (sub-themes (a) access to care during journey, (b) difficult access to healthcare in the UK and (c) comparison between different healthcare systems); 2) Preserving the sense of agency and decision-making around antibiotic use, 3) Self-perpetuating cycle (sub-themes - (a) co-infections; (b) using alarming symptoms or “red-flags” and (c) taking antibiotics due to previous similar symptoms or persisting symptoms), and 4) The fragile state of the patient-doctor relationship.
Conclusions:
These findings give useful insight into barriers faced by migrants when trying to access healthcare services both en route and after arriving in the UK, as well as their attitudes and behaviours in relation to antibiotics. Results also shed light on the complexity of factors contributing to health-seeking behaviour and antibiotic use, and how these may vary depending on previous experiences. We discuss implications for future research and practice, and how current policies may need to evolve to better support and reduce possible risk factors for AMR in migrant communities.
Genome wide association study for growth and carcass traits in the Amazon fish Colossoma macropomum
Authors: Ariede Raquel B. , Freitas Milena V. , Neto Rubens R. Oliveira , Agudelo John F. G. , Lira Lieschen V. G. , Borges Carolina H. S. , Mastrochirico-Filho Vito A. , Hashimoto Diogo Teruo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Growth and carcasses yield are economically important traits for the Amazon fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). However, carcasses yield has received little attention in breeding programs because it is difficult to measure on many fish and it cannot be directly measured on breeding candidates. The goal of this study was to unravel the genetic architecture of growth and carcasses yield traits, as well as to identify candidate genes influencing these traits, in an experimental tambaqui population in Southeastern Brazil, by using ddRAD-sequencing (double digest restriction-site associated DNA) and GWAS (genome-wide association study) methods.Methods and Results Phenotype data from 11 full-sib families, with a total of 365 individuals, were evaluated for 15 months. Eight growth characteristics were measured. Each fish was processed in the following body regions: head, rib, loin, R + L (rib + loin). GWAS analysis identified a total of 3 SNPs with chromosome significance, which were associated with six growth/yield traits (HL, SL, Body weight, R + L weight, Head weight and Rib weight), distributed into two linkage groups (LG 11 and 19). We highlighted three genes (ptpre, glrx3, and ebf3a) close to the QTLs that represents candidates for further functional validation to uncover biological mechanisms underlying variation for these traits in tambaqui.Conclusions In conclusion, our results indicated that growth and carcasses yield traits are polygenic in tambaqui, with the most important loci explaining only 0.2% of the genetic variance for the trait.