bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why do firms adopt employee ownership? An industry perspective
Authors: Townsend Phela , Kruse Douglas , Blasi Joseph 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis paper offers a new perspective on the potential motivation for the adoption of employee ownership based on market power. Employee ownership may be linked to market power, either through contributing to firm growth that leads to market power or through industry leaders adopting employee ownership as part of rent sharing or a broader consolidation of market position. Both employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) coverage and product market concentration (PMC) have been increasing in the past two decades, providing a good opportunity to see if and how these are related.Design/methodology/approachThe authors predict ESOP adoption and termination using multilevel regressions based on 2002–2012 firm- and industry-level data from the Census Bureau, Compustat and Form 5500 pension datasets.FindingsThe authors find that the top four firms in concentrated industries are more likely to adopt Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs), while having an ESOP does not predict entering the top four, apart from firm-level predictors. Tests indicate the first result does not reflect simple rent sharing with employees but instead appears to reflect an effort by firms to consolidate market power through the attraction and retention (or “locking in”) of industry talent. Other positive predictors of ESOPs include company size, being in a high-wage industry and having a defined benefit (DB) pension.Research limitations/implicationsTo better distinguish among hypotheses, it would be helpful to have firm-level data on managerial attitudes, strategies, networks and monopsony measures. Therefore, future research using such data would be highly useful and encouraged.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for the potential usefulness of ESOPs in attracting and retaining talent and for the design of nuanced policy to encourage more broadly based sharing of economic rewards.Originality/valueWhile prior research focuses on firm-level predictors of employee ownership, this study uses market concentration and other industry-level variables to predict the use of ESOPs. This study makes a unique contribution, broadening the current thinking on firm motives and environmental conditions predictive of firm ESOP adoption.
Exploring the Metaverse as the next frontier for a living library experience
Authors: Liu Yunze , Tinmaz Hasan 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an alternative platform, namely the Metaverse, to enhance and revolutionize the concept of living library experiences. The fourth industrial revolution has disseminated many innovative human experiences since the rapid development of modern technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, virtual/augmented realities, blockchain, cloud computing and so on. Various combinations of these technologies have triggered newer tools and platforms for human beings. One of these combinations, perhaps the most unique and holistic case, is the Metaverse, which promises to offer immersive experiences for users. Many stakeholders have been discussing alternative applications of Metaverse platforms, and many developers have attempted to optimize this new technology. Libraries, as the central hub of human intellectuality, will not be an exception to Metaverse integration.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors undertook a meticulous examination of an extensive array of scholarly works across various databases to construct a comprehensive literature review. This exhaustive exploration encompassed databases spanning disciplines such as education, psychology, sociology, economics, ICT and so on, and included renowned platforms like PubMed, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore, among others.

Findings
In this paper, the authors concentrate on an alternative form of libraries: “living libraries,” where people share their experiences, knowledge and wisdom with others like a living book. Moreover, the authors discuss how the Metaverse and living libraries intersect and create an alternative sharing platform. The paper presents several illustrative scenarios for diffusing living libraries into Metaverse platforms. Finally, the paper articulates the possible challenges that this intersection may present to the current condition.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first papers combining two innovative concepts: Metaverse and living library and suggests alternative scenarios for real-life experiences.
Addressing the impacts of climate change on agricultural adaptation strategies: a case study in Nepal
Authors: Charoenratana Sayamol , Kharel Samridhi 
Published: January 2024

PurposeAs climate change increasingly affects rural food production, there is an urgent need to adopt agricultural adaptation strategies. Because the agricultural sector in Nepal is one of the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change, the adaptation strategies of household farmers in rural areas are crucial. This study aims to address the impacts of agricultural climate change adaptation strategies in Nepal. The research empirically analyzed climate hazards, adaptation strategies and local adaptation plans in Mangalsen Municipality, Achham District, Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a purposive sampling of household lists, categorized as resource-rich, resource-poor and intermediate households. The analysis used primary data from 110 household surveys conducted among six focus groups and 30 informants were selected for interviews through purposive random sampling.FindingsClimate change significantly impacts rainfall patterns and temperature, decreasing agriculture productivity and increasing household vulnerability. To overcome these negative impacts, it is crucial to implement measures such as efficient management of farms and livestock. A comprehensive analysis of Nepalese farmers' adaptation strategies to climate change has been conducted, revealing important insights into their coping mechanisms. By examining the correlation between farmers' strategies and the role of the local government, practical policies can be developed for farmers at the local level.Originality/valueThis study represents a significant breakthrough in the authors' understanding of this issue within the context of Nepal. It has been conclusively demonstrated that securing land tenure or land security and adopting appropriate agricultural methods, such as agroforestry, can be instrumental in enabling Nepalese households to cope with the effects of climate change effectively.
The evolution of corporate parenting styles of multinational corporations under anticipated trajectories of development in global industries
Authors: Gurkov Igor , Morley Michael J. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to present the impact of several likely trajectories of development for global industries, namely, re-shoring, regionalization, diversification and replication, recently identified by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, on the evolution of the corporate parenting styles (CPSs) of multinational corporations (MNCs).

Design/methodology/approach
This viewpoint presents a novel view of CPSs as a set of relationships between the corporate centers of MNCs and their subsidiaries, including domestic ones, identifies the most likely connections between anticipated trajectories of development in global industries and the evolution of CPSs of MNCs and outlines directions for further research.

Findings
The anticipated trajectories of the development of global industries may result in changes in prevailing CPSs and lead to the proliferation of previously less common parenting styles. Although many of the anticipated changes in CPSs may be pursued by corporate headquarters (CHQs), a combination of powerful subsidiaries putting bottom-up pressure on CHQs and powerful owners capable of imposing requirements on top management teams and generating top-down pressure may affect the CPSs used by corporations.

Originality/value
The authors connect possible trajectories of development for global industries with the evolution of CPSs of MNCs.
Innovation for zero-deforestation sustainable supply chain management services: a performance measurement and management approach
Authors: Alexander Anthony , Kumar Maneesh , Walker Helen , Gosling Jon 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Food sector supply chains have significant negative environmental impacts, including the expansion of global food commodity production, which is driving tropical deforestation – a major climate and biodiversity problem. Innovative supply chain monitoring services promise to address such impacts. Legislation also designates “forest-risk commodities”, demanding supply chain due diligence of their provenance. But such data alone does not produce change. This study investigates how theory in performance measurement and management (PMM) can combine with sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) and decision theory (DT) via case study research that addresses paradoxes of simplicity and complexity.

Design/methodology/approach
Given existing relevant theory but the nascent nature of the topic, theory elaboration via abductive case study research is conducted. Data collection involves interviews and participatory design workshops with supply chain actors across two supply chains (coffee and soy), exploring the potential opportunities and challenges of new deforestation monitoring services for food supply chains.

Findings
Two archetypal food supply chain structures (short food supply chains with high transparency and direct links between farmer and consumer and complex food supply chains with highly disaggregated and opaque links) provide a dichotomy akin to the known/unknown, structured/unstructured contexts in DT, enabling novel theoretical elaboration of the performance alignment matrix model in PMM, resulting in implications for practice and a future research agenda.

Originality/value
The novel conceptual synthesis of PMM, SSCM and DT highlights the importance of context specificity in developing PMM tools for SSCM and the challenge of achieving the general solutions needed to ensure that PMM, paradoxically, is both flexible to client needs and capable of replicable application to deliver economies of scale. To advance understanding of these paradoxes to develop network-level PMM systems to address deforestation impacts of food supply chains and respond to legislation, a future research agenda is presented.
Distributions of alcohol use and alcohol‐caused death and disability in Canada: Defining alcohol harm density functions and new perspectives on the prevention paradox
Authors: Sherk Adam , Churchill Samuel , Cukier Samantha , Grant Sierra C. , Shield Kevin , Stockwell Tim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsThe aims of this study were to examine the distribution of alcohol use and to define ‘harm density functions’ representing distributions of alcohol‐caused health harm in Canada, by sex, towards better understanding which groups of drinkers experience the highest aggregate harms.DesignThis was an epidemiological modeling study using survey and administrative data on alcohol exposure, death and disability and risk relationships from epidemiological meta‐analyses.SettingThis work took place in Canada, 2019.ParticipantsCanadians aged 15 years or older participated.MeasurementsMeasures included modeled life‐time mean daily alcohol use in grams of pure alcohol (ethanol) per day, alcohol‐caused deaths and alcohol‐caused disability‐adjusted life‐years.FindingsAs a life‐time average, more than half of Canadians aged 15+ (62.8% females, 46.9% males) use fewer than 10 g of pure alcohol per day (g/day). By volume, the top 10% of the population consume 45.9% of the total ethanol among males and 47.1% of the total ethanol among females. The remaining 90% of the population experience a slim majority of alcohol‐caused deaths (males 55.3%, females 46.9%). Alcohol harm density functions compose the size of the using population and the risk experienced at each volume level to show that the population‐level harm experienced is highest for males at 25 g/day and females at 13 g/day.ConclusionsAlmost 50% of alcohol use in Canada is concentrated among the highest 10% of drinkers, but more than half of the alcohol‐caused deaths in Canada in 2019 were experienced by the bottom 90% of the population by average volume, providing evidence for the prevention paradox. New alcohol harm density functions provide insight into the aggregate health harm experienced across the mean alcohol use spectrum and may therefore be used to help determine where alcohol policies should be targeted for highest efficacy.
Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in New Zealand: peri‐operative outcomes and service development over a decade
Authors: Lim Jia Hui , Qin Rennie Xinrui , Ly Jasen , Fischer Jesse , Smith Nicholas , Karalus Mosese , Wu Linus , van Dalen Roelof , Lolohea Simione 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is the standard of care for selected cases of peritoneal surface malignancy. However, due to its morbidity and learning curve, it is only delivered in six centres in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ). In this study, we report peri‐operative morbidity and mortality following CRS/HIPEC at Waikato and Braemar Hospitals, which have treated patients from all regions of AoNZ since 2008.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed a database of all patients undergoing CRS and HIPEC from 01/01/2008 to 01/11/2020 at Waikato and Braemar Hospitals.ResultsTwo‐hundred and forty procedures were performed for 221 patients with a mean age of 55, including 22 (9.2%) re‐do procedures. One hundred and eighty‐six cases were European, 32 were Māori, and 16 were Pasifika. There were 152 pseudomyxoma peritonei, 39 colorectal adenocarcinomas, 29 appendiceal cancers, 8 ovarian cancers, 6 peritoneal mesothelioma, and 6 other tumour types. The median PCI was 16. HIPEC was administered to 196 out of 196 CC0/1 cases (100%) and 3 out of 44 CC2/3 cases (6.8%). Fifty‐six cases (23.3%) had at least one major complication. There were two mortalities (0.8%) within 30 days. The median length of stay was 11 days. Operative duration was identified as an independent risk factor for major complications. There was considerable variation in the number of referrals from different regions of AoNZ. Over time, a decline in major complication rate is seen with increased case volume.ConclusionThe Waikato region has achieved favourable short‐term outcomes following CRS/HIPEC.
Maternal cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy in obese pregnant women
Authors: Patel Deesha , Avesani Martina , Johnson Mark R. , Di Salvo Giovanni , Savvidou Makrina D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionObesity is known to be associated with cardiovascular compromise and a major risk factor for the development of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. However, little is known about the effect of obesity on maternal cardiac function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of obesity on the maternal cardiovascular system.Material and methodsThis was a prospective, observational, longitudinal study. Pregnant women with booking body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 were compared with pregnant women with normal booking BMI 20–24.9 kg/m2. Participants were seen at three time points during pregnancy; 12–14, 20–24 and 30–32 weeks. At all visits, maternal blood pressure (BP) was measured, and cardiac geometry and function were assessed using two‐dimensional trans‐thoracic echocardiography. Multilevel linear mixed‐effects models were used for all the comparisons.ResultsFifty‐nine pregnant women with obesity were compared with 14 pregnant women with normal BMI. In women with obesity, the maternal BP, heart rate and cardiac output were higher and peripheral vascular resistance was lower (p < 0.01 for all comparisons) compared with normal BMI women. Women with obesity had altered cardiac geometry with higher left ventricular end diastolic diameter, intraventricular septal thickness, posterior wall diameter, relative wall thickness and left ventricular mass (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). There was also evidence of impaired diastolic indices in the obese group with a lower E/A ratio, tissue Doppler imaging E′ lateral and medial and higher left atrial volume (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). Finally, women with obesity had reduced longitudinal function, as assessed by mitral plane annular systolic excursion, between the second and third trimester of pregnancy, indicating possible early cardiac dysfunction in this group.ConclusionsObesity is associated with maternal hyperdynamic circulation, altered cardiac geometry and suboptimal diastolic function, compared with normal BMI pregnant women, and these factors may contribute to the increased risk of complications in obese pregnant women.
Individualised screening for diabetic retinopathy with proliferative retinopathy and macular oedema as separate end points
Authors: Bek Toke , Andersen Nis , Andresen Jens , Grauslund Jakob , Hajari Javad , Schmidt Laugesen Caroline , Schielke Katja , Petersen Line 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeA number of algorithms have been developed to calculate screening intervals for diabetic retinopathy on the basis of individual risk factors. However, these approaches have not considered proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular oedema (DME) as separate end points and death as competing risk.MethodsA multi‐state survival model with death as competing risk was used to predict the screening interval for diabetic retinopathy based on information about all 2446 patients from a well‐defined population who had started treatment for either PDR or DME during 25 years. The performance of the model was tested on the existing database and at seven screening sites on patients who had not developed a treatment requiring condition.ResultsTesting on the existing database showed that at a risk level of 2% the algorithm could predict a screening interval with a success rate higher than 90% and a 1.75 times average prolongation of the screening interval without failing to detect the development of verified PDR og DME. The model was limited to a diabetes duration shorter than 40 years and depended on knowledge of relevant risk factors. At the other participating screening sites the algorithm predicted shorter intervals than the screener.ConclusionsAlgorithms for individualised screening for diabetic retinopathy can prolong screening intervals without losing patients who develop a vision threatening condition. The calculation of screening intervals requires access to relevant risk factors and should be developed on large data sets that reflect the population in which the algorithm should be used.
Exercise influence on monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and 4 (MCT4) in the skeletal muscle: A systematic review
Authors: Benítez‐Muñoz José Antonio , Cupeiro Rocío , Rubio‐Arias Jacobo Á. , Amigo Teresa , González‐Lamuño Domingo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis review aims to systematically analyze the effect of exercise on muscle MCT protein levels and mRNA expression of their respective genes, considering exercise intensity, and duration (single‐exercise session and training program) in humans and rodents, to observe whether both models offer aligned results. The review also aims to report methodological aspects that need to be improved in future studies. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was followed. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 studies were included and evaluated using the Cochrane collaboration tool for risk of bias assessment. The main findings indicate that exercise is a powerful stimulus to increase MCT1 protein content in human muscle. MCT4 protein level increases can also be observed after a training program, although its responsiveness is lower compared to MCT1. Both transporters seem to change independently of exercise intensity, but the responses that occur with each intensity and each duration need to be better defined. The effect of exercise on muscle mRNA results is less defined, and more research is needed especially in humans. Moreover, results in rodents only agree with human results on the effect of a training program on MCT1 protein levels, indicating increases in both. Finally, we addressed important and feasible methodological aspects to improve the design of future studies.
IP3RPEP6, a novel peptide inhibitor of IP3 receptor channels that does not affect connexin‐43 hemichannels
Authors: Tao Siyu , Hulpiau Paco , Wagner Larry E. , Witschas Katja , Yule David I. , Bultynck Geert , Leybaert Luc 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimInositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are intracellular Ca2+‐release channels with crucial roles in cell function. Current IP3R inhibitors suffer from off‐target effects and poor selectivity towards the three distinct IP3R subtypes. We developed a novel peptide inhibitor of IP3Rs and determined its effect on connexin‐43 (Cx43) hemichannels, which are co‐activated by IP3R stimulation.MethodsIP3RPEP6 was developed by in silico molecular docking studies and characterized by on‐nucleus patch‐clamp experiments of IP3R2 channels and carbachol‐induced IP3‐mediated Ca2+ responses in IP3R1, 2 or 3 expressing cells, triple IP3R KO cells and astrocytes. Cx43 hemichannels were studied by patch‐clamp and ATP‐release approaches, and by inhibition with Gap19 peptide. IP3RPEP6 interactions with IP3Rs were verified by co‐immunoprecipitation and affinity pull‐down assays.ResultsIP3RPEP6 concentration‐dependently reduced the open probability of IP3R2 channels and competitively inhibited IP3Rs in an IC50 order of IP3R2 (~3.9 μM) < IP3R3 (~4.3 μM) < IP3R1 (~9.0 μM), without affecting Cx43 hemichannels or ryanodine receptors. IP3RPEP6 co‐immunoprecipitated with IP3R2 but not with IP3R1; interaction with IP3R3 varied between cell types. The IC50 of IP3RPEP6 inhibition of carbachol‐induced Ca2+ responses decreased with increasing cellular Cx43 expression. Moreover, Gap19‐inhibition of Cx43 hemichannels significantly reduced the amplitude of the IP3‐Ca2+ responses and strongly increased the EC50 of these responses. Finally, we identified palmitoyl‐8G‐IP3RPEP6 as a membrane‐permeable IP3RPEP6 version allowing extracellular application of the IP3R‐inhibiting peptide.ConclusionIP3RPEP6 inhibits IP3R2/R3 at concentrations that have limited effects on IP3R1. IP3R activation triggers hemichannel opening, which strongly affects the amplitude and concentration‐dependence of IP3‐triggered Ca2+ responses.
Gendering fieldwork: Who buys the coffee?
Authors: Rushton Ashleigh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe examination of gender in fieldwork highlights a need to provide attention to possible problematic instances that may arise between women interviewers and men participants. Qualitative research identifies that women interviewing men find themselves continually navigating power imbalances while attempting to negotiate safe environments for themselves. Gender in fieldwork predominately focuses on differences between interviewer and interviewees, with little understanding of similarities that contribute to shaping the research environment and research outcomes. This article draws on PhD research and my experience as a cisgender woman PhD student conducting interviews with cisgender men to demonstrate the multiple meaningful ways interviews are constructed and negotiated, including how both interviewer and interviewees draw on sameness in the field. I argue that gendered behaviours are not always obvious and problematic, but rather can be subtle, fluid and work to support shared understandings of the research topic.