bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OsJMJ718, a histone demethylase gene, positively regulates seed germination in rice
Authors: Jia Junting , Luo Yongjian , Wu Zhiyuan , Ji Yufang , Liu Shuangxing , Shu Jie , Chen Bingxian , Liu Jun 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYSeed vigor has major impact on the rate and uniformity of seedling growth, crop yield, and quality. However, the epigenetic regulatory mechanism of crop seed vigor remains unclear. In this study, a (jumonji C) JmjC gene of the histone lysine demethylase OsJMJ718 was cloned in rice, and its roles in seed germination and its epigenetic regulation mechanism were investigated. OsJMJ718 was located in the nucleus and was engaged in H3K9 methylation. Histochemical GUS staining analysis revealed OsJMJ718 was highly expressed in seed embryos. Abiotic stress strongly induced the OsJMJ718 transcriptional accumulation level. Germination percentage and seedling vigor index of OsJMJ718 knockout lines (OsJMJ718‐CR) were lower than those of the wild type (WT). Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP‐seq) of seeds imbibed for 24 h showed an increase in H3K9me3 deposition of thousands of genes in OsJMJ718‐CR. ChIP‐seq results and transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in ABA and ethylene signal transduction pathways. The content of ABA in OsJMJ718‐CR was higher than that in WT seeds. OsJMJ718 overexpression enhanced sensitivity to ABA during germination and early seedling growth. In the seed imbibition stage, ABA and ethylene content diminished and augmented, separately, suggesting that OsJMJ718 may adjust rice seed germination through the ABA and ethylene signal transduction pathways. This study displayed the important function of OsJMJ718 in adjusting rice seed germination and vigor, which will provide an essential reference for practical issues, such as improving rice vigor and promoting direct rice sowing production.
Analyzing Engine Exhaust Gas Temperature Pulsations and Gas-Dynamics Using Thin-Wire Thermocouples
Authors: Venkataraman Varun , Hong Beichuan , Cronhjort Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The exhaust of internal combustion engines (ICEs) is characterized by rapid large amplitude exhaust gas temperature (EGT) pulsations that demand high-bandwidth measurements for accurate instantaneous and mean EGTs. While measurement technique challenges constrain on-engine EGT pulse measurements, reduced-order system simulations numerically estimate the EGT pulse and its mean to overcome the measurement limitation. Notwithstanding high-bandwidth pressure measurements, model calibration and validation for the EGT are confined to mean indications using sheathed thermal sensors like thermocouples and resistance thermometers. These EGT measurements are susceptible to errors caused by heat transfer, flow unsteadiness, and the thermal inertia of the sensor. Exposed thin-wire thermocouples provide an intermediate solution to the robustness-to-response tradeoff of thermal sensors. While the thermocouples' thermal inertia significantly affects the measured EGT pulse, the signal derivative (unscaled dynamic error) provides greater insight by indicating the EGT waveform. This study utilizes a 50.8-μm Type-K thermocouple to contrast the exhaust pressure and EGT pulses through the measured signal and its derivative. Experiments in a single-pipe exhaust of a heavy-duty diesel engine with isolated engine speed and load sweeps (LS) present significant differences between the pressure and indicative EGT waveforms. It also highlights a rapid prepulse fluctuation unique to the EGT pulse waveform caused by exhaust gas-dynamics and impacted by heat transfer. The study motivates the need for increased bandwidth EGT measurements to improve model validation of EGT pulse estimates while showcasing the utility of thin-wire thermocouples.
Origin of Early Cretaceous mafic volcanic rocks from the Erlian Basin west of the Great Xing’an Range of North China: Implications for the tectono-magmatic evolution of East Asia
Authors: Tang Jianzhou , Zhang Zhicheng , Allen Mark B. , Song Shuguang , Ding Cong , Li Ke , Chen Yan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Early Cretaceous intraplate volcanic rocks are widespread in NE Asia, but their origin remains controversial. This work presents zircon U-Pb ages, whole-rock element and Sr-Nd isotope data for mafic volcanic rocks from the Erlian Basin, a wide rift basin in NE Asia. There were two episodes of Early Cretaceous mafic volcanism in the Erlian Basin, and the eruptions show contrasting geochemical compositions. The early mafic volcanic rocks, with U-Pb ages of ca. 140–135 Ma, show slightly depleted Sr-Nd isotope compositions (ISr(t) = 0.7042–0.7052; εNd(t) = + 0.82 to +3.0) and arc-like trace-element compositions, which are derived from subduction-related fluid/melt metasomatized lithosphere mantle. The late mafic volcanic rocks (dated at ca. 125 Ma) have enriched Sr-Nd isotopes (ISr(t) = 0.7055–0.7077; εNd(t) = −0.50 to −2.67) and oceanic-island basalt (OIB)-like trace-element compositions, revealing the metasomatism of melts from crustal materials and asthenosphere mantle. The two types of mafic volcanic rocks may record the interactions of the mantle and melts from the subducted paleo-Pacific oceanic slab at different depths. The landward-then-oceanward migration pattern of the Mesozoic volcanism from NE Asia can be explained by the flat subduction and subsequent slab roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Ocean, consistent with migration patterns from the North China Craton and South China Block, implying similar Jurassic–Cretaceous subduction evolution along the entire East Asia margin. Some Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous dates from east Mongolia and the southern margin of the Erlian Basin diverge from this trajectory. In combination with previous studies, we suggest that the Early Cretaceous pervasive intraplate volcanism in the Erlian Basin and adjacent areas of NE Asia mainly resulted from the slab roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Ocean with a combined effect from the post-collision extension of the Mongol-Okhotsk orogen.
Incidence of injury and illness among paediatric Team USA athletes competing in the 2020 Tokyo and 2022 Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games
Authors: Post Eric G , Anderson Travis , Shilt Jeffrey S , Dugan Eric L , Clark Stephanie C , Larson Emily G , Noble-Taylor Kayle E , Robinson David M , Donaldson Amber T , Finnoff Jonathan T , Adams William M 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo describe the incidence of injuries and illnesses among paediatric Team USA athletes competing in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, and the 2022 Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games.MethodsAn electronic medical record system documented all injuries and illnesses that occurred while competing in the four Games periods. Incidence (IR) with 95% CI per 1000 athlete days were calculated for both injuries and illnesses. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated to compare injury and illness rates based on age (paediatric vs non-paediatric) sex, Games period and sport type.ResultsTwo hundred paediatric athletes (age range, 15–21 years) competed across the four Games periods, representing 16.1% of all Team USA athletes. The overall injury IR (95% CI) was 13.4 (9.8 to 18.1), and the overall illness IR was 5.5 (3.3 to 8.7). There were no differences in incidence between paediatric and non-paediatric athletes for either injury (IRR (95% CI): 0.9 (0.6 to 1.2)) or illness (IRR (95% CI): 0.9 (0.5 to 1.5)). Female paediatric athletes were more likely to sustain an injury compared with male paediatric athletes (IRR (95% CI): 2.4 (1.1 to 5.3)). The most common mechanism of injury was gradual onset (IR, 4.3 (2.3 to 7.2)), and injuries most commonly occurred during practices (IR, 7.0 (4.5 to 10.5)).ConclusionPaediatric athletes account for a substantial proportion of Team USA athletes. It is essential that paediatric sports medicine experts are included in the medical team given that paediatric Team USA athletes are just as likely as their adult teammates to sustain an injury or illness.
A narrative analysis of a tobacco industry campaign to disrupt Aotearoa New Zealand’s endgame policies
Authors: Ozarka Ellen , Hoek Janet 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundAotearoa New Zealand passed world-leading legislation to implement tobacco endgame policies, including greatly reducing the number of tobacco retailers. British American Tobacco New Zealand and Imperial Brands Australasia tried to undermine this policy via the ‘Save Our Stores’ (SOS) campaign, which purportedly represented small convenience store owners’ interests.MethodsWe used the Policy Dystopia Model as a framework to review discursive and instrumental strategies employed in the SOS campaign. Specifically, we critically analysed the arguments, narratives and frames employed in the campaign.ResultsMost SOS arguments drew on discursive strategies that emphasised unanticipated costs to the economy and society, and presented a near-apocalyptic future. Adverse outcomes included economic mayhem, thriving illicit trade, increased violent crime, fewer police, and heavier individual tax burdens. The campaign framed the government as an authoritarian legislator with misplaced priorities and used disinformation to bolster these claims. We identified a new normalisation narrative used to present very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNCs) as experimental and, by implication, risky. A metanarrative of lawlessness and decreased public safety connected the different claims.ConclusionTo address the existential challenges they face, tobacco companies used several discursive strategies to oppose the retailer reduction and VLNC policies. Our findings could inform counterarguments, and help international policymakers and advocates anticipate opposition they may encounter when introducing endgame measures, such as reducing tobacco availability.
The Salivary Microbiome and Predicted Metabolite Production Are Associated with Barrett's Esophagus and High-Grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Solfisburg Quinn S. , Baldini Federico , Baldwin-Hunter Brittany , Austin George I. , Lee Harry H. , Park Heekuk , Freedberg Daniel E. , Lightdale Charles J. , Korem Tal , Abrams Julian A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is rising in incidence, and established risk factors do not explain this trend. Esophageal microbiome alterations have been associated with Barrett's esophagus (BE) and dysplasia and EAC. The oral microbiome is tightly linked to the esophageal microbiome; this study aimed to identify salivary microbiome-related factors associated with BE, dysplasia, and EAC.

Methods:
Clinical data and oral health history were collected from patients with and without BE. The salivary microbiome was characterized, assessing differential relative abundance of taxa by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and associations between microbiome composition and clinical features. Microbiome metabolic modeling was used to predict metabolite production.

Results:
A total of 244 patients (125 non-BE and 119 BE) were analyzed. Patients with high-grade dysplasia (HGD)/EAC had a significantly higher prevalence of tooth loss (P = 0.001). There were significant shifts with increased dysbiosis associated with HGD/EAC, independent of tooth loss, with the largest shifts within the genus Streptococcus. Modeling predicted significant shifts in the microbiome metabolic capacities, including increases in L-lactic acid and decreases in butyric acid and L-tryptophan production in HGD/EAC.

Conclusions:
Marked dysbiosis in the salivary microbiome is associated with HGD and EAC, with notable increases within the genus Streptococcus and accompanying changes in predicted metabolite production. Further work is warranted to identify the biological significance of these alterations and to validate metabolic shifts.

Impact:
There is an association between oral dysbiosis and HGD/EAC. Further work is needed to establish the diagnostic, predictive, and causal potential of this relationship.
ВПЛИВ СУЧАСНИХ ҐАДЖЕТІВ НА ЗДОРОВ’Я ДІТЕЙ ТА ПІДЛІТКІВ
Authors: Петрик Н. С. , Федорів О. Є. 
Published: December 2023

Мета: дослідити основні проблеми впливу ґаджетів на здоров’я дітей та підлітків.
Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні брали участь 80 школярів середнього та старшого підліткового віку (11–17 років, з них 43 дівчини та 37 хлопців) Кам’янківської ЗОШ I–III ступенів Тернопільського району Тернопільської області.
Результати. У результаті дослідження встановлено, що 40 % дітей та підлітків не контролюють час проведення з телефоном, 92,5 % школярів використовують ґаджети кожного дня. Учні в переважній більшості використовують різні ґаджети для користування соціальними мережами та для спілкування з друзями по мобільному зв’язку та в Інтернеті. Значно рідше ґаджети використовуються для читання електронних книг та навчання.
Із проведеного нами анкетування видно, що майже половина учнів часто полюбляє грати в комп’ютерні ігри (47,5 %), у той час майже 24 % дітей та підлітків відповіли, що практично ніколи не грають у комп’ютерні ігри. 50 % дітей та підлітків відповіли, що батьки не забороняють їм грати в комп’ютерні ігри, що звичайно не може не засмучувати. Про деяку ґаджетозалежність свідчить і те, що велика кількість опитаних учнів відповіла, що вони часто відкладають виконання домашніх завдань, щоб пограти за комп’ютером або телефоном (55 %).
Також ми з’ясували, що 30 % дітей та підлітків часто втомлюються, занадто довго граючи в телефоні або комп’ютері, 37,5 % – втомлюються часто, однак майже 24 % дітей сказали, що не втомлюються ніколи.
Висновки. У результаті дослідження ми встановили, що великий відсоток учнів не контролює час, який вони витрачають на телефон. Понад 90 % дітей та підлітків використовують ґаджети кожного дня, що було абсолютно очікувано. Найбільше діти та підлітки полюбляють користуватися соціальними мережами, однак дуже мало учнів використовують ґаджети для навчання. Майже половина опитаних учнів грає в комп’ютерні ігри. Ще один негативний висновок ми отримали в результаті анкетування про те, що 63 % батьків ніколи не забороняють дітям грати в комп’ютерні ігри.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЕПІДЕМІОЛОГІЧНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ ПРИ ЛЕПТОСПІРОЗІ В ТЕРНОПІЛЬСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Паничев В. О. , Пасєка Л. Г. , Маціпура С. В. , Безрукий М. Є. , Заставна Т. Ю. , Костюк О. А. , Годована Н. І. , Бурда Т. В. 
Published: December 2023

Мета: проаналізувати особливості епідеміологічного процесу при лептоспірозі в Тернопільській області.
Матеріали і методи. У межах дослідження проаналізовано дані ДУ «Тернопільський обласний центр контролю та профілактики інфекційних хвороб Міністерства охорони здоровʼя України» за період 2018–2022 рр. щодо захворюваності, смертності від лептоспірозу. Використано епідеміологічний та статистичний методи дослідження.
Результати. У Тернопільській області щорічно реєструються випадки захворювання на лептоспіроз. Епідемічна ситуація щодо лептоспірозу в різних кліматичних регіонах Тернопільської області має свої особливості. Досліджено, що епідситуація щодо лептоспірозу в центральному регіоні Тернопільської області найбільш неблагополучна. Фактично, циклічність захворюваності на лептоспіроз у Тернопільській області відсутня. У структурі захворілих переважали сільські жителі. Оцінено захворюваність на лептоспіроз серед професійно-побутових груп, вікову структуру захворілих. Досить високий рівень реєстрації лептоспірозу спостерігається в червні – липні – 10,5–18,7 %. За середньобагаторічними показниками переважали антропургічні вогнища (55,1 % від загальної кількості) над природними (32,7 %). Відповідно, захворюваність найвища в антропургічних вогнищах (від 3 випадків у 2021 р. до 10 – в 2019 р.).
Висновки. Тернопільська область є ендемічною щодо захворюваності на лептоспіроз. Епідситуація характеризується як нестійка, оскільки захворюваність населення є стабільно високою і перевищує середні державні показники.
У регіоні встановлено прямий зв’язок між рівнем захворюваності людей на лептоспіроз і ступенем інфікованості мишоподібних гризунів лептоспірами.
Abstract 13354: Higher Severe Maternal Morbidity Rates at Delivery Hospitalization Among Racial and Ethnic Groups Related to Chronic Hypertension and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Najem Michael , Greenberg Mara , Sun Baiyang , Alexeeff Stacey , Alexander Janet , Roberts James M , Nguyen-Huynh Mai N , Gunderson Erica P 
Published: December 2023

Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) affects 0.5-3% of pregnancies in the United States, with risk varying for racial and ethnic groups. Studies have rarely evaluated how chronic hypertension (cHTN) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) affect differences in SMM risk.
This study sought to evaluate cHTN and HDP as contributors to racial disparities in SMM rates.
Retrospective cohort study of 263,518 patients aged 18-46 years who received prenatal care ≤14 weeks' gestation and delivered a stillborn or live singleton birth ≥20 weeks’ gestation at a Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospital (2009-2019). We evaluated the relation of cHTN and HDP [preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension (GH) and superimposed preeclampsia (s_PE)] to SMM at delivery hospitalization, defined as the presence of at least 1 of 21 conditions meeting CDC criteria. Modified Poisson regression models estimated the adjusted relative risk (aRR) of SMM associated with cHTN and HDP among self-reported racial and ethnic groups [Asian, Black, Hispanic, Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander (NHPI), White] adjusted for covariables.
There were 13,626 women (5.2%) with cHTN, in whom 4297 (31.5%) developed s_PE. For patients with no cHTN, 11,744 (4.7%) developed PE and 11,514 (4.6%) developed GH. The overall SMM rate (number of cases/10,000 births) was 219.7. SMM rates were higher for patients with cHTN vs no cHTN (417.6 vs. 208.9, p<.0001), and for PE (934.3) and s_PE (898.3) vs no cHTN + no HDP (165.9), p<0.001. SMM rates differed for racial and ethnic groups. Compared to White patients with No cHTN or HDP, aRRs of SMM associated with PE and s_PE increased in order for White, Asian, Hispanic, Black, and NHPI groups (Table 1).
Preeclampsia was 6 times more prevalent among those with cHTN than no cHTN. Preeclampsia was strongly associated with higher SMM rates in both women with cHTN and without cHTN, especially among NHPI and Black groups. Preeclampsia may contribute substantially to racial disparities in SMM.
Unraveling neural complexity: Exploring brain entropy to yield mechanistic insight in neuromodulation therapies for tobacco use disorder
Authors: Jordan Timothy , Apostol Michael R. , Nomi Jason , Petersen Nicole 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Neuromodulation therapies, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), have shown promise as treatments for tobacco use disorder (TUD). However, the underlying mechanisms of these therapies remain unclear, which may hamper optimization and personalization efforts. In this study, we investigated alteration of brain entropy as a potential mechanism underlying the neural effects of noninvasive brain stimulation by rTMS in people with TUD. We employed sample entropy (SampEn) to quantify the complexity and predictability of brain activity measured using resting-state fMRI data. Our study design included a randomized single-blind study with 42 participants who underwent 2 data collection sessions. During each session, participants received high-frequency (10 Hz) stimulation to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) or a control region (visual cortex), and resting-state fMRI scans were acquired before and after rTMS. Our findings revealed that individuals who smoke exhibited higher baseline SampEn throughout the brain as compared to previously-published SampEn measurements in control participants. Furthermore, high-frequency rTMS to the dlPFC but not the control region reduced SampEn in the insula and dlPFC, regions implicated in TUD, and also reduced self-reported cigarette craving. These results suggest that brain entropy may serve as a potential biomarker for effects of rTMS, and provide insight into the neural mechanisms underlying rTMS effects on smoking cessation. Our study contributes to the growing understanding of brain-based interventions for TUD by highlighting the relevance of brain entropy in characterizing neural activity patterns associated with smoking. The observed reductions in entropy following dlPFC-targeted rTMS suggest a potential mechanism for the therapeutic effects of this intervention. These findings support the use of neuroimaging techniques to investigate the use of neuromodulation therapies for TUD.
Greedy for Effect: The Historiography of US Naval Logistics and the Pacific War
Authors: Klug Jonathan P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Naval and military historians have generally not focused on logistics, and this is true for Second World War naval historians and, more specifically, for United States Navy logistics of the Pacific War (1941–45). Naval logistics deserves more serious study as they circumscribe what surface fleets can accomplish. Recently, historians have started to treat this topic as an integral part of naval strategy, operations, and tactics, which is a step in the right direction. This article explores the current state of historical literature and demonstrates that further historical inquiry is necessary – the topic deserves more attention from historians and, indeed, today’s navies.
Diameter changes of the thoracic aorta caused by acute type B aortic dissection
Authors: Shimamoto Takeshi , Komiya Tatsuhiko , Matsuo Takeshiko 
Published: December 2023

Background The impact of type B acute aortic dissection (TBAAD) on historical pre-TBAAD diameters of the thoracic aorta is rarely reported. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of changes in aortic diameters induced by dissection, measured with a computed tomography (CT) scan obtained before and after TBAAD. Methods Between January 2004 and December 2014, CT angiography of 50 non-Marfan patients with nonbicuspid aortic valves diagnosed with TBAAD were compared to historical CTs on file. Results The ascending aorta and proximal arch showed negligible change. The proximal, mid, and distal aorta diameters changed compared with predissected values (107.7 ± 4.8%, 109.3 ± 4.9%, and 105.7 ± 5.8%, respectively). Neither sex, false lumen status, or mural calcification, nor prior thoracoabdominal aortic ectasia, correlated with the diameter change. Age ≥80 years in the proximal descending aorta did correlate with the diameter change (110.7 ± 4.0% vs 106.1 ± 4.6% p = 0.01). Conclusions Although identifying predicting factors for an aortic diameter increase all along with the thoracic aorta was still challenging, the degree of diameter change by aortic dissection was 105.7% to 109.3% in descending thoracic aorta, most prominent in middle descending aorta.