bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐encoded regulatory peptides modulate cadmium tolerance and accumulation in rice
Authors: Lu Long , Chen Xinyu , Chen Jiaming , Zhang Zaoli , Zhang Zhen , Sun Yanyan , Wang Yuan , Xie Siwen , Ma Yinuo , Song Yuanyuan , Zeng Rensen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play a vital role in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Recently, it has been discovered that some primary miRNAs (pri‐miRNAs) encode regulatory short peptides called miPEPs. However, the presence of miPEPs in rice, and their functions in response to abiotic stresses, particularly stress induced by heavy metals, remain poorly understood. Here, we identified a functional small peptide (miPEP156e) encoded by pri‐miR156e that regulates the expression of miR156 and its target SPL genes, thereby affecting miR156‐mediated cadmium (Cd) tolerance in rice. Overexpression of miPEP156e led to decreased uptake and accumulation of Cd and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in plants under Cd stress, resulting in improved rice Cd tolerance, as observed in miR156‐overexpressing lines. Conversely, miPEP156e mutants displayed sensitivity to Cd stress due to the elevated accumulation of Cd and ROS. Transcriptome analysis further revealed that miPEP156e improved rice Cd tolerance by modulating Cd transporter genes and ROS scavenging genes. Our study provides insights into the regulatory mechanism of miPEP156e in rice response to Cd stress and demonstrates the potential of miPEPs as an effective tool for improving crop abiotic stress tolerance.
In‐person validation of the Ichthyosis Scoring System
Authors: Echeandia‐Francis Caroline , Sun Qisi , Asch Sarah , Bayart Cheryl , Benjamin Latanya , Cipriano Sarah D. , Craiglow Brittany , Dyer Jonathan , Levy Moise L. , Lilly Evelyn , Newell Brandon , Liang Jingchen , Gan Geliang , Deng Yanhong , Paller Amy S. , Choate Keith A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIchthyoses are a heterogeneous group of skin disorders characterized by scaling and erythema. Recognizing the variability of scale and erythema by region and ichthyosis subtype, we developed the Ichthyosis Scoring System (ISS) to quantify severity. We previously found ISS to have high inter‐ and intrarater reliability in evaluating photographic images. To confirm ISS clinical utility, we examined its performance at the 2022 Foundation for Ichthyosis and Related Skin Types conference.MethodsSixty‐five participants were evaluated by 3 of 9 medical professionals trained to score ichthyosis scale and erythema using ISS. Intrarater and interrater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were analyzed using one‐way and two‐way random effects models, respectively.ResultsIntrarater reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.931, 95% CI, 0.921–0.940) for scale and good (ICC = 0.876, 95% CI, 0.853–0.899) for erythema scoring. Compared to photo validation with excellent intrarater reliability ratings for both scale (ICC = 0.956, 95% CI, 0.925–0.974) and erythema (ICC = 0.913, 95% CI, 0.855–0.949), ISS demonstrated equivalent reliability for live use. Overall interrater reliability for 10 body sites showed excellent (ICC >0.9) and good (ICC >0.75) agreement and consistency for both scale and erythema. Palms were an exception, demonstrating moderate (ICC >0.5) interrater agreement and consistency for erythema evaluation.ConclusionsISS is a reliable measure of global and regional ichthyosis severity during in‐person evaluations. Ease‐of‐use, accessibility, and content validity in both live and photographic evaluation endorse ISS as a standard for ichthyosis severity analysis.
Cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for developing vitiligo on the hands
Authors: Enomoto Yuki , Kanayama Yoshifumi , Ikumi Kyoko , Sakurai Mai , Yamamoto Aya , Morita Akimichi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo presents with varying clinical features based on the type and location. Treatment tends to be more effective on the face, neck, trunk, and mid‐extremities, while the lips and distal extremities may be more resistant. Vitiligo in frequently exposed areas such as the face, arms, legs, and hands is typically associated with a lower Dermatology Life Quality Index.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the characteristics and potential causes of vitiligo in challenging‐to‐treat regions, with particular focus on the hands.MethodsWe analyzed the clinical data of 337 patients with generalized vitiligo who visited our hospital between 2016 and 2022. For this study, we focused on patients with non‐segmental vitiligo (NSV) specifically on their hands. Of the 337 patients, 248 had NSV and 89 had segmental vitiligo; 119 (47%) of those with NSV had vitiligo on their hands. Logistic regression models were applied to identify factors the factors linked to hand vitiligo, such as age, sex, duration of the condition, and smoking and alcohol history.Results and ConclusionsWe developed a model to predict the risk of hand vitiligo using several factors. Among the factors analyzed, only smoking history was significantly associated with an increased risk (odds ratio: 3.13). In addition, we used clinical photography to evaluate color‐graded frequency heat maps comprising 528 pixels. Vitiligo in nonsmokers widely distributed over the hand, predominantly the fingertips and joints, whereas vitiligo in smokers tended to be distributed mostly at the fingertips.
Perception of near‐threshold visual stimuli is influenced by prestimulus alpha‐band amplitude but not by alpha phase
Authors: Melcón María , Stern Enrique , Kessel Dominique , Arana Lydia , Poch Claudia , Campo Pablo , Capilla Almudena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOngoing brain activity preceding visual stimulation has been suggested to shape conscious perception. According to the pulsed inhibition framework, bouts of functional inhibition arise in each alpha cycle (every ~100 ms), allowing information to be processed in a pulsatile manner. Consequently, it has been hypothesized that perceptual outcome can be influenced by the specific phase of alpha oscillations prior to the stimulus onset, although empirical findings are controversial. In this study, we aimed to shed light on the role of prestimulus alpha oscillations in visual perception. To this end, we recorded electroencephalographic activity, while participants performed three near‐threshold visual detection tasks with different attentional involvement: a no‐cue task, a noninformative cue task (50% validity), and an informative cue task (100% validity). Cluster‐based permutation statistics were complemented with Bayesian analyses to test the effect of prestimulus oscillatory amplitude and phase on visual awareness. We additionally examined whether these effects differed in trials with low and high oscillatory amplitude, as expected from the pulsed inhibition theory. Our results show a clear effect of prestimulus alpha amplitude on conscious perception, but only when alpha fluctuated spontaneously. In contrast, we did not find any evidence that prestimulus alpha phase influenced perceptual outcome, not even when differentiating between low‐ and high‐amplitude trials. Furthermore, Bayesian analysis provided moderate evidence in favor of the absence of phase effects. Taken together, our results challenge the central theoretical predictions of the pulsed inhibition framework, at least for the particular experimental conditions used here.
Indium‐copper‐rich sphalerite from the Restauradora vein, Capillitas, Catamarca, Argentina
Authors: Márquez‐Zavalía María Florencia , Vymazalová Anna , Galliski Miguel Ángel , Laufek František , Tuhý Marek , Watanabe Yasushi , Bernhardt Heinz‐Jürgen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Restauradora vein, is one of the 20 veins of Capillitas (27°27′ S, 66°30′ W), an epithermal precious‐ and base‐metal vein deposit belonging to the Farallón Negro Mining District, northwestern Argentina. One of the main minerals of the paragenesis of Restauradora vein is sphalerite, showing a large substitution of Zn by In and Cu with small participation of Cd and Fe; the fluctuating Zn composition ranges from 0.99 to 0.49 apfu, while In and Cu ranges (apfu) are: 0.22–0.27 and 0.21–0.25, respectively. Under the polarizing‐light microscope, using reflected light, the optical properties are those of sphalerite, but with decreasing contents of Zn, especially when Zn is ≤0.60 apfu, a new variety differentiates from regular sphalerite and develops ribbons with paler colors, higher reflectance, softer relative hardness and no internal reflections. The main reflectance values of this In‐Cu‐rich sphalerite are (Rair, λ/nm): 20.55, 470; 19.43, 546; 19.02, 589; and 18.42, 650. The strongest five x‐ray powder‐diffraction lines of the synthetic analogue [d in Å (I) (hkl)] are: 3.173 (100) (111); 1.943 (54) (202); 1.657 (37) (113); 1.122 (22) (224); 1.261 (19) (133), the space group is F‐43m, with a = 5.49692(10) Å, V = 166,100(10) Å3, Z = 4. Electron‐microprobe analyses of the In‐Cu‐rich sphalerite grains (n = 10) give an average composition (wt%) of: S 29.51, Zn 31.03, In 24.89, Cu 13.49, Ga 0.96, Cd 0.54, Fe 0.05; the average (n = 7) chemical composition of the synthetic phase is: S 29.67, Zn 30.32, In 25.94, Cu 13.82. Despite of the differences, and given that Zn is the main cation and that the structure is the same as that of sphalerite, the mineral studied here is considered as the richest In‐Cu variety of sphalerite in the world.
Enhancing special care dentistry with waiting room based multisensory‑adapted dental environment: A randomized controlled‐trial
Authors: Mehta Shivani , Naik Shilpa S. , Kodical Sanjana R. , Joshi Amil , Shetty Ashveeta , Balasubramanian Nikitha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the effectiveness of waiting room based multisensory adapted dental environment (SADE) as a novel, non‐invasive behavior management technique in alleviating anxiety levels in children with Down syndrome.Materials and MethodsThis study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, D.Y. Patil University School of Dentistry, Nerul, Navi Mumbai. A total of 40 children between 8 and 13 years of age diagnosed with Down syndrome were included in our study. Prior to the first dental evaluation, they were divided equally into two groups using simple randomization via lottery system. Group A (Intervention group): Patients were subjected to a sensory adapted environment (SADE) in the waiting room for 10 min prior to dental evaluation. Group B (Control group): Patients were subjected to a regular dental environment (RDE) in the waiting room for 10 min prior to dental evaluation. Outcome parameters evaluated at baseline and post dental evaluation were anxiety and behavior, using a pulse oximeter and the Modified Venham's Scale respectively. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 21.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL). The ‘p’ value < .05 was taken as significant at 95% confidence interval.ResultsMann‐Whitney U test was used to carry out the inter group analysis which showed a significant increase in the heart rate (26.00, p = .00) in Group B and a significant decrease in the Modified Venham Scale score (90.00, p = .001) in Group A. The Wilcoxon Signed ranks test was used to carry out the intra group analysis for which a significant difference between the two time intervals for heart rate (−3.69, p = .00) and Modified Venham Scale score (−1.46, p = .03) was obtained in Group A whereas a significant difference was obtained only in the heart rate (−3.04, p = .002) in Group B.ConclusionMultisensory‐adapted dental environment (SADE) in the waiting room effectively improves behavior, reduces anxiety and sensory discomfort among children with Down syndrome.
Discrepancy in medications reported by elderly patients in the dental office and in their electronic medical records: A pilot study
Authors: Abeleira‐Pazos María Teresa , García‐Mato Eliane , Diniz‐Freitas Márcio , Muñoz‐Navarro Carolina , Lago‐Méndez Lucía , Vázquez‐García Emma , Rivas‐Mundiña Berta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsThis study's main objective was to analyze the discrepancy between the dental medication record (DMR) and the physician‐prescribed active medications recorded in the medical medication record (MMR).MethodsThe study group consisted of 100 adults who attended the University Dental Clinic (Santiago de Compostela, Spain) requesting dental care. A dental history was created for all participants that included the DMR. The MMR were compiled from their electronic medical records.ResultsAbout 80% of the patients consumed at least one drug (94.2% of those >65 years) and 19% took more than five drugs (26.4% of those > 65 years). In total, 54% of the patients had some discrepancy between the medications recorded in the DMR and those in the MMR (48.4% for those ≤65 years and 64.7% for those >65 years). The rate of participants who omitted some drugs was higher for those >65 years. The drugs most omitted from the DMR were analgesics/opioids, antihypertensives and anxiolytics/hypnotics/sedatives.ConclusionsIt is imperative to access the MMR of patients requesting dental care because a significant number of medications are not reflected in their DMR. These discrepancies may be particularly common and relevant in elderly patients, in whom multimorbidity and polypharmacy are more frequent.
Compound heterozygosity induces a rare Gerbich‐negative phenotype in an immunized blood donor
Authors: Petermann Sarah , Mayer Vanessa , Carbol Alexander , Opitz Andreas , Flesch Brigitte K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAntibodies to Gerbich blood group antigens are exceedingly rare and can cause moderate transfusion reactions. Several deletional variants of the GE‐gene, that harbors long sequence repeats, enable alloimmunization and formation of naturally occurring antibodies.Subject and MethodsA female blood donor and soldier of the German Army without history of pregnancy or transfusion showed an antibody reactive with all test cells except for GE:‐2‐3 RBC. Thus, anti‐Ge2 was suspected. Molecular analysis including fragment length specific PCR, Sanger sequencing and NGS should reveal the molecular background of the deficiency. Segregation of the variant alleles should be demonstrated by family analysis.ResultsCompound heterozygosity for GYPC exon 2 (GE*01.‐02) and exon 3 (GE*01.‐03) deletion was detected in the donor and her sister. The mother had one exon 3 amplicon of reduced length, while the father heterozygously exhibited a truncated GYPC exon 2. NGS clearly demonstrated reduced coverages within the deletional fragments within each family member. The donor and her sister showed the complete absence of a 640 bp fragment.Discussion and ConclusionRare GE deletion variants can induce naturally occurring anti‐Ge2 in Caucasians. Because of an enhanced risk of injury as soldier autologous RBC of the donor were cryopreserved. The donor and her sibling can give blood for each other because of identical ABO, Rh, and K antigen blood types.
A review of the biology, distribution, and management challenges posed by the invasive weed Ziziphus mauritianaL., with special reference to its invasion in Australia
Authors: Roberts Jason , Dhileepan Kunjithapatham , Florentine Singarayer 
Published: January 2024

AbstractZiziphus mauritiana is an economically detrimental and environmentally destructive plant in non‐native areas where it has escaped cultivation. It forms dense, impenetrable thickets that restrict the movement of livestock across the landscape and has the capacity to alter various ecological functions at the site of invasion, all of which contribute towards land degradation and the reduction of economic profitability. Although there are several management strategies implemented to control Z. mauritiana, it is clear that no single‐method approach will effectively control the species in the long‐term. Whilst chemical and mechanical methods appear to show promising results, they tend to be restricted to areas that are easily accessible and, even so, can be challenging and laborious to treat evenly across dense thicket areas. Several prospective biological control agents have been identified for Z. mauritiana, although further investigations are required to ascertain the host specificity, and to explore and identify their climatic and environmental suitability of host specific agents for release in non‐native regions. Ecological burning alone is not effective in controlling Z. mauritiana and will likely increase its emergence. As such, it could be adopted as part of an integrated management approach to assist other methods for long‐term control, but again the development of such an approach requires further investigation. To contribute towards the control of Z. mauritiana, this review explores its biology, distribution and management challenges whilst identifying areas of research that will assist in the long‐term and confident control of the species, with an emphasis on its invasion in Australia.
Combining Heat and Altitude Training to Enhance Temperate, Sea-Level Performance
Authors: Girard Olivier , Peeling Peter , Racinais Sébastien , Périard Julien D. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Repeated exposure to heat (ie, plasma volume expansion) or altitude (ie, increase in total hemoglobin mass), in conjunction with exercise, induces hematological adaptations that enhance endurance performance in each respective environment. Recently, combining heat and altitude training has become increasingly common for athletes preparing to compete in temperate, sea-level conditions. Purpose: To review the physiological adaptations to training interventions combining thermal and hypoxic stimuli and summarize the implications for temperate, sea-level performance. Current Evidence: To date, research on combining heat and hypoxia has employed 2 main approaches: simultaneously combining the stressors during training or concurrently training in the heat and sleeping at altitude, sometimes with additional training in hypoxia. When environmental stimuli are combined in a training session, improvements in aerobic fitness and time-trial performance in temperate, sea-level conditions are generally similar in magnitude to those observed with heat, or altitude, training alone. Similarly, training in the heat and sleeping at altitude does not appear to provide any additional hematological or nonhematological benefits for temperate; sea-level performance relative to training in hot, hypoxic, or control conditions. Conclusions: Current research regarding combined heat and altitude interventions does not seem to indicate that it enhances temperate, sea-level performance to a greater extent than “traditional” (heat or hypoxia alone) training approaches. A major challenge in implementing combined-stressor approaches lies in the uncertainty surrounding the prescription of dosing regimens (ie, exercise and environmental stress). The potential benefits of conducting heat and altitude exposure sequentially (ie, one after the other) warrants further investigation.
Why Should Athletes Brake Fast? Influence of Eccentric Velocity on Concentric Performance During Countermovement Jumps at Different Loads
Authors: Hernández-Davó Jose L. , Sabido Rafael , Omar-García Manuel , Boullosa Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of different eccentric tempos on eccentric kinetics and kinematics and the subsequent concentric performance when performing countermovement jumps against different loads. Methods: After 1-repetition-maximum assessment and 2 familiarization sessions, 13 well-trained participants performed, in randomized order, 12 sets (4 tempos × 3 loads) of 4 repetitions of the loaded countermovement-jump exercise. The eccentric tempos analyzed were 5 and 2 seconds, as fast as possible, and accelerated (ie, without pause between repetitions), while the loads used were 30%, 50%, and 70% of 1-repetition maximum. Several kinetic and kinematic variables during both phases were recorded by linking a linear position transducer to the barbell. Results: The eccentric work was greater in the accelerated condition despite no changes in the eccentric depth. The peak and mean propulsive velocities were greater in the as-fast-as-possible and accelerated conditions. Correlation analysis showed that, compared with the 5-second condition, the increased concentric performance in the accelerated condition was related to the difference in eccentric work performed in the last 100 milliseconds of the eccentric phase (r > .770). Conclusions: Contrary to current practices, the current study highlights the need for performing the eccentric phase of loaded countermovement jumps, a common exercise performed by athletes for both training and evaluation purposes, as fast as possible. This allows not only a greater eccentric work but also improved concentric performance.
Individualizing Basketball-Specific Interval Training Using Anaerobic Speed Reserve: Effects on Physiological and Hormonal Adaptations
Authors: Wang Chenhang , Ye Mingliang 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: We compared the adaptive responses to supramaximal high-intensity interval training (HIIT) individualized according to anaerobic speed reserve (ASR), the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (VIFT), and velocity associated with maximum oxygen uptake (MAS) to determine which approach facilitates more identical adaptations across athletes with different profiles. Methods: Thirty national-level basketball players (age = 28.4 [5] y; body mass = 88.9 [6.3] kg; height = 190 [4.8] cm) were randomly assigned to 3 training groups performing 2 sets of 4, 6, 8, 6, 8, and 10-minute runs (from first to sixth week, respectively), consisting of 15-second running at Δ%20ASR (MAS + 0.2 × ASR), 95%VIFT, and 120%MAS, with 15 seconds recovery between efforts and a 3-minute relief between sets. Results: All 3 interval interventions significantly (P < .05) enhanced maximum oxygen uptake (), oxygen pulse (), first and second ventilatory threshold (VT1 and VT2), cardiac output (), stroke volume, peak and average power output, testosterone levels, and testosterone-to-cortisol ratio following the training period. Different values of interindividual variability (coefficient of variation) for the percentage changes of the measured variables were observed in response to HIITASR, HIITvIFT, and HIITMAS for (8.7%, 18.8%, 34.6%, respectively), (9.5%, 15.0%, 28.6%), VT1 (9.6%, 19.6%, 34.6%), VT2 (21.8%, 32.4%, 56.7%), (8.2%, 16.9%, 28.8%), stroke volume (7.9%, 15.2%, 23.5%), peak power output (20%, 22%, 37.3%), average power output (21.1%, 21.3%, 32.5%), testosterone (52.9%, 61.6%, 59.9%), and testosterone-to-cortisol ratio (55.1%, 59.5%, 57.8%). Conclusions: Supramaximal HIIT performed at Δ%20ASR resulted in more uniform physiological adaptations than HIIT interventions prescribed using VIFT or MAS. Although hormonal changes do not follow this approach, all the approaches induced an anabolic effect.