bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ketogenic Diet‐Associated Worsening of Osteoarthritis Histologic Secerity, Increased Pain Sensitivity and Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Mice
Authors: Dyson Gabby , Barrett Montana , Schlupp Leoni , Prinz Emmaline , Hannebut Nicholas , Szymczak Aleksander , Brawner Cindy Miranda , Jeffries Matlock A. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesDietary interventions are a potentially powerful treatment option for knee osteoarthritis (OA). The objective of this study was to evaluate a well‐formulated ketogenic diet (KD) in the context of knee OA histology and pain using the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model and correlate with gut microbiome and systemic cytokine levels.MethodsAdult male mice underwent unilateral DMM or sham surgery and were then fed eight weeks of KD or chow. At baseline and every two weeks, mechanical allodynia of the operated and contralateral knees was assessed via analgesiometry. Knee joints were collected for histology, gut microbiome analysis was performed on cecal material via 16S sequencing, and serum cytokines were analyzed via Bio‐Plex assay.ResultsKD mice had worse histopathologic OA after DMM (mean ± SEM Osteoarthritis Research Society International score: KD‐DMM: 4.0 ± 0.5 vs chow‐DMM: 2.7 ± 0.08; P = 0.02). KD mice had increased mechanical allodynia postsurgery (P = 0.005 in mixed‐effects model). The gut microbiome changed substantially with KD: 59 clades were altered by KD in DMM and 39 by KD in sham (36 were shared, 25 overlapped with previous murine OA studies). Several clades were correlated on an individual‐mouse level with both histology and allodynia (eg, Lactobacillus histology P = 0.004, allodynia P = 1 × 10−4). Serum analysis showed four cytokines increased with KD (interleukin [IL]‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐3, and IL‐13).ConclusionKD started immediately after OA induction via DMM is associated with worsened histologic outcomes. KD also worsens mechanical allodynia after either DMM or sham surgery. KD induces significant gut microbiome dysbiosis in clades previously associated with murine OA.
Treatment With Avacopan in Patients With Respiratory Tract Manifestations of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Specks Ulrich , Spiera Robert F. , Fussner Lynn A. , Lebovics Robert , Bray Sarah , Gurlin Rachel E. , Trimpe Darcy , Jayne David R. W. , Merkel Peter A. ,   for the ADVOCATE Study Group
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThe ADVOCATE trial demonstrated that treatment of active granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) with avacopan was noninferior in achieving remission at week 26 and superior for sustained remission at week 52 compared with a prednisone taper. This analysis of ADVOCATE evaluated the efficacy and safety of avacopan in patients with ear, nose, throat (ENT), or lung manifestations.MethodsThis post hoc analysis included patients enrolled in ADVOCATE with ENT or lung manifestations at baseline. Outcomes included remission at weeks 26 and 52, respiratory tract manifestations over time, relapse rate, glucocorticoid‐related toxicity, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), and safety.ResultsADVOCATE included 144 patients with ENT manifestations (avacopan: n = 75, prednisone taper: n = 69) and 142 with lung manifestations (avacopan: n = 71, prednisone taper: n = 71). Among patients with ENT manifestations, remission was achieved at week 26 by 72.0% (avacopan group) and 71.0% (prednisone taper group) and was sustained at week 52 by 62.7% (avacopan) and 53.6% (prednisone taper). Among patients with lung manifestations, remission was achieved at week 26 by 73.2% (avacopan) and 66.2% (prednisone taper) and sustained at week 52 by 67.6% (avacopan) and 53.5% (prednisone taper). The relapse rate, glucocorticoid toxicity, and measures of HRQoL favored avacopan for both respiratory tract manifestation groups. Safety was comparable across treatment groups.ConclusionPatients with GPA or MPA with ENT or lung manifestations demonstrated similar responses to avacopan, reflecting results reported in the overall ADVOCATE trial population and supporting the administration of avacopan in these subgroups.
Abnormal Esophageal Scintigraphy Associates With a Distinct Clinical Phenotype in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Salas Antonio D. , Yanek Lisa R. , Hummers Laura K. , Shah Ami A. , McMahan Zsuzsanna H. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveIn systemic sclerosis (SSc), absent contractility (AC) rather than ineffective esophageal motility on manometry is associated with a severe esophageal and extraintestinal phenotype. We sought to determine whether slow esophageal transit on scintigraphy associates with a comparable clinical phenotype to that of AC on manometry, as scintigraphy may serve as a noninvasive approach to risk‐stratify patients with SSc.MethodsClinical, demographic, and serologic features were compared between patients with and without delayed esophageal transit on scintigraphy. University of California Los Angeles Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) 2.0 scores measured GI symptoms, Medsger scores measured physician‐assessed SSc disease severity, and the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 survey evaluated dysautonomia symptoms.ResultsOf 131 patients, 79 (60%) had delayed esophageal transit by scintigraphy. Patients with delayed esophageal transit were more likely to have diffuse SSc (24 [32%] vs 11 [22%]; P = 0.024), severe lung involvement (22 [41%] vs 7 [19%]; P = 0.034), severe Raynaud (36 [47%] vs 15 [31%]; P = 0.063), and a higher median (interquartile range [IQR]) diarrhea GIT score (0.5 [IQR 0–1] vs 0 [IQR 0–1]; P = 0.050). Lower diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide values correlated with a higher esophageal transit time (ρ = −0.32; P = 0.014). After adjusting for disease duration, delayed esophageal transit was significantly associated with severe Medsger lung scores, severe Raynaud phenomenon, and higher modified Rodnan skin scores.ConclusionPatients with delayed esophageal transit by scintigraphy have a more severe SSc phenotype, similar to patients with AC, on esophageal manometry. Further studies should validate esophageal scintigraphy as a tool to identify patients with SSc with AC who may develop specific GI and extraintestinal complications.
C‒C Bond Cleavage Driven by Lattice Oxygen during Ethanol Oxidation Process
Authors: Zhang Wen , Zhao Yingxiu , Li Jiayi , Miao Yu , He Pengkai , Wu Zexing , Zhang Yang , Xu Guang‐Rui , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe capacity of C‒C bond cleavage determines the pathway selectivity during the ethanol oxidation process. Herein, ultra‐thin monodisperse PdCo nanosheets with an average diameter of 33 nm are successfully synthesized and the interface of Pd‐O‐Co is further constructed due to the introduction of lattice oxygen. Due to their ultra‐thin nanosheet structure, unique surface electronic structures driven by lattice oxygen, and alloying effect, the prepared PdCo/Pd‐O‐Co nanosheets (PdCo/Pd‐O‐Co NSs) show excellent ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) activity and stability. The mass activity and specific activity of PdCo/Pd‐O‐Co NSs are 12.43 A mg−1 and 22.01 mA cm−2 for EOR, which exceeded PdCo nanosheets, Pd nanosheets and commercial Pd black. In situ FTIR spectroscopy and theoretical calculation identified that lattice oxygen introduced after square‐wave potential treatment can promote the cleavage of the C‒C bond. Through the introduction of lattice oxygen combined with lattice strain engineering, the PdCo/Pd‐O‐Co NSs surface is optimized to promote the generation of strong p‐d orbital hybridization, which led to the upward shift of the d‐band center and the electron delocalization effect, effectively promoting the C‒C bond cleavage and improving the anti‐poisoning ability.
Cyano‐Cyclotrimerization Strategy for Constructing Bi‐Functional Acid‐Base Sites in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Achieving Synergistic‐Optimization of Catalytic Activity and Rapid‐Recyclability in CO2 Cycloaddition
Authors: Gu Xiaoling , Niu Hongyun , Ding Hao , Zhang Wenyu , Shi Yali , Cai Yaqi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFor the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides to be a viable non‐redox CO2 fixation pathway, it is crucial to develop active, stable, selective, metal‐free, rapidly separable, and cost‐effective catalysts. To this end, three novel catalysts are synthesized via cyano‐trimerization reactions on the cyano‐groups of the sp2‐c linked COF─CN, using two cyano‐monomers and the polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM‐1). Among these, the powder catalysts (COF─CN─COOH, COF─CN─NH2), featuring acidic hydrogen‐bond donors (─COOH, ─NH2) and basic sites (triazine ring), exhibited excellent catalytic performance in CO2 cycloaddition reaction due to their customizable hydrogen‐bond sites, high CO2 affinity, and stability. Notably, COF─CN─COOH achieved a catalytic yield of 99.9% with selectivity exceeding 99%. The 20%COF─CN@sPIM‐1 membrane catalyst, formed by covalent‐connection between COF─CN and PIM‐1, demonstrates good interfacial compatibility, facilitating easy recycling while maintaining excellent catalytic activity. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) studies on the hydrogen‐bond promoted mechanism reveal that hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) can significantly reduce the activation energy. Therefore, this work introduces a novel trimerization reaction strategy utilizing cyano‐groups on the sp2‐c linked COF as reaction sites, establishing a unique acid‐base synergistic‐catalytic system and laying the foundation for the development of a membrane catalytic system that can be rapidly separated while exhibiting high activity and stability.
Iron Drives Eosinophil Differentiation in Allergic Airway Inflammation Through Mitochondrial Metabolic Adaptation
Authors: Li Fei , Tang Haoyu , Wang Yuejue , Wu Qian , Dong Lingling , Kitoko Jamil Z , Huang Jiaqi , Chen Haixia , Jia Ruixin , Liu Zhengyuan , Zhang Chao , Du Xufei , Li Wen , Chen Zhihua , Shen Huahao , Ying Songmin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEosinophils play a crucial role as effector cells in asthma pathogenesis, with their differentiation being tightly regulated by metabolic mechanisms. While the involvement of iron in various cellular processes is well known, its specific role in eosinophil differentiation has largely remained unexplored. This study demonstrates that iron levels are increased during the differentiation process from eosinophil progenitors to mature and activated eosinophils in the context of allergic airway inflammation. Through experiments involving iron chelators, supplements, and iron‐deficient or iron‐enriched diets, the indispensable role of iron in eosinophil lineage commitment both in vitro and in vivo is demonstrated. Remarkably, iron chelation effectively suppresses eosinophil differentiation and alleviates airway inflammation in a house dust mite(HDM)‐induced mouse model of allergic asthma. Mechanistically, iron promotes the expression of transcription factors that enforce eosinophil differentiation, and maintains mitochondrial metabolic activities, leading to specific metabolic shifts within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, with succinate promoting eosinophil differentiation. Overall, this study highlights the function of iron and underlying metabolic mechanisms in eosinophil differentiation, providing potential therapeutic strategies for asthma control.
Deep Trap Management in Organic Persistent Luminescence for Multi‐Mode Optical Information Storage
Authors: Lin Cunjian , Yang Rujun , Li Yang , Zhan Chenhan , Wang Yajing , Zhang Zixuan , Wu Zishuang , Xiong Da , Deng Wenting , You Shihai , Lv Ying , Zhuang Yixi , Xie Rong‐Jun , Ueda Jumpei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe global data explosion has heightened the demand for advanced optoelectronic information storage technologies but developing multidimensional and deep‐trap persistent luminescence (PersL) in organic storage media remains a significant challenge. Herein, donor‐acceptor‐donor wedge‐shape thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter 2,5‐bis(4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl)‐7‐oxo‐7H‐benzo[de]benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1‐a] isoquinoline‐10,11‐dicarbonitrile (TCN) is designed for PersL host/guest system, enabling multi‐mode excitation and stimulation forms, ≈0.72 eV deep trap depth, 6.1% aggregation‐induced quenching effect. UV, visible light (425–630 nm), and X‐ray efficiently triggered deep traps with nearly identical depth values, deviating less than 0.04 eV from density functional theory calculations. The thermoluminescence peak Tm at 385 K (heating rate at 50 K min−1), coupled with near‐infrared (NIR) stimulation wavelengths extending to 1300 nm, greatly exceeds room temperature storage capacities, ensuring consistent intensity for over 1 month of information retention. The multi‐mode optical information storage and retrieval capability of this PersL media extended its application scope to include blue‐laser direct writing, X‐ray time‐lapse imaging, and NIR electronic signatures. This study on deep‐trap PersL storage media significantly advances the understanding of molecular design and luminescent mechanisms in organic semiconductors, with broad implications for enhancing their energy storage applications in diverse scenarios.
IRAP Drives Ribosomal Degradation to Refuel Energy for Platelet Activation during Septic Thrombosis
Authors: Xu Baichuan , Ye Xianpeng , Sun Kangfu , Chen Liang , Wen Zhaoyang , Lan Qigang , Chen Jun , Chen Mo , Shen Mingqiang , Wang Song , Xu Yang , Zhang Xi , Zhao Jinghong , Wang Junping , Chen Shilei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlatelets play crucial roles in multiple pathophysiological processes after energy‐dependent activation. It is puzzling how such a small cellular debris has abundant energy supply. In this study, it is shown that insulin‐regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), a type II transmembrane protein, is a key regulator for platelet activation by promoting energy regeneration during septic thrombosis. Through interaction with certain endosome membrane proteins, IRAP can not only promote granule release, but also facilitate lysosomal degradation of theoretically discarded ribosomes in an mTORC1‐ and S‐acylation‐dependent manner in activated platelets. Plentiful amino acids obtained from IRAP‐mediated ribophagy are recruited to aerobic glycolysis and then promote energy metabolism reprogramming, thereby producing abundant energy for platelet life extension and prolonged activation. Consequently, targeted blocking IRAP can dramatically alleviate platelet hyperactivation and septic thrombosis.
The Lactate‐Primed KAT8‒PCK2 Axis Exacerbates Hepatic Ferroptosis During Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Reprogramming OXSM‐Dependent Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Synthesis
Authors: Yuan Jingsheng , Yang Mingyang , Wu Zhenru , Wu Jun , Zheng Kejie , Wang JiaGuo , Zeng Qiwen , Chen Menglin , Lv Tao , Shi Yujun , Yang Jiayin , Yang Jian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecipients often suffer from hyperlactatemia during liver transplantation (LT), but whether hyperlactatemia exacerbates hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) after donor liver implantation remains unclear. Here, the role of hyperlactatemia in hepatic IRI is explored. In this work, hyperlactatemia is found to exacerbate ferroptosis during hepatic IRI. Lactate‐primed lysine acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8) is determined to directly lactylate mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2) at Lys100 and augments PCK2 kinase activity. By using gene‐edited mice, evidence indicating that PCK2 exacerbates hepatic ferroptosis during IRI is generated. Mechanistically, PCK2 lactylate at Lys100 acts as a critical inducer of ferroptosis during IRI by competitively inhibiting the Parkin‐mediated polyubiquitination of 3‐oxoacyl‐ACP synthase (OXSM), thereby leading to metabolic remodeling of mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFAS) and the potentiation of oxidative phosphorylation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. More importantly, targeting PCK2 is demonstrated to markedly ameliorate hyperlactatemia‐mediated ferroptosis during hepatic IRI. Collectively, the findings support the use of therapeutics targeting PCK2 to suppress hepatic ferroptosis and IRI in patients with hyperlactatemia during LT.
Double‐Sided Conformable Piezoelectric Force Sensor with Enhanced Performance and Bending Correction
Authors: Faudou Joseph , Benwadih Mohammed , Aliane Abdelkader , Revenant Christine , Grinberg Daniel , Le Minh‐Quyen , Cottinet Pierre‐Jean 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFlexible piezoelectric devices have gained considerable interest due to their potential for new applications, particularly in wearable technology. However, a significant challenge remains in measuring low forces on nonplanar and deformable surfaces. Indeed, conformability on complex surfaces induces bending stresses in the piezoelectric sensors, interfering with the measurement of compressive force. Yet such measurements can be valuable, especially in medical applications that involve assessing forces on soft tissues. This study presents an innovative highly sensitive conformable sensor based on a thin film of P(VDF‐TrFE) copolymer. The selection of the substrate is essential for ensuring the device's conformability, but it is also demonstrated that it can provide a substantial improvement in performance if its Young's modulus is lower than that of the active polymer. The effective piezoelectric charge coefficient of a sensor on TPU substrate is measured equal to −340 pC.N−1, representing a tenfold increase in the theoretical compression sensitivity of P(VDF‐TrFE). Additionally, a double‐sided structure to eliminate the contribution of bending in the piezoelectric signal and tackle the challenge of conformability on complex surfaces is developed. Overall, the proposed device shows promising results for measuring low forces applied to soft biological tissues such as skin or heart valve leaflets.
Impact of primary tumor clinicopathological factors on prognosis after hepatic resection for rectal liver metastases
Authors: Uotani Tomofumi , Takamoto Takeshi , Nara Satoshi , Ban Daisuke , Mizui Takahiro , Moritani Konosuke , Tsukamoto Shunsuke , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Fujii Tsutomu , Esaki Minoru 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of liver metastases from rectal cancer has been considered based on research data on liver metastases from colorectal cancer. This study aimed to clarify the impact of clinicopathological factors of the primary lesion, including rectal cancer‐specific factors such as lateral lymph node metastasis, on the prognosis after liver resection.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective study of patients undergoing curative surgical treatment for resectable liver metastases from rectal cancer from January 2010 to June 2023. Prognostic factors were investigated using univariable and multivariable analyses.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 113 males and 44 females, with a median age of 60 years. Lateral lymph node dissection was performed in 48 patients, of which 11 had positive nodes. Multivariable analysis revealed lateral lymph node metastasis (HR 5.86; 95% CI 2.40–14.2; p = 0.0001) and perineural invasion (HR 2.83; 95% CI 1.36–5.88; p = 0.005) as independent prognostic factors. After curative hepatectomy, 73.3% of patients with these two factors showed early recurrence within 6 months, requiring nonsurgical treatment.ConclusionsLateral lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion of the primary tumor were prognostic factors after resection of rectal liver metastases. Patients with these factors required nonsurgical treatment in the early postoperative period.
Early functional and structural hippocampal impairment in a bilateral common carotid artery stenosis mouse model
Authors: Tang Ping , Sun Yi , Yang Chunsheng , Zhang Nan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundSubcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is a common subtype of vascular dementia. Currently, the bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) mouse model is the most suitable SIVD rodent model. In this study, we investigated the functional and structural impairments in the hippocampus 1 month after BCAS.MethodsWe used behavioral tests, laser speckle flowmetry, long‐term potentiation, histochemical staining, molecular experiments, and voxel‐based morphometry to evaluate the hippocampal impairments.ResultsBehavioral studies revealed that BCAS mice exhibited worse performance. Laser speckle flowmetry detected an obvious decrease in cerebral blood flow. The synaptic plasticity of the perforant path‐dentate gyrus pathway was inhibited. Decreased fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity were detected in the hippocampus via diffusion tensor imaging data. A reduction in gray matter volume, which was most prominent in the hippocampus and its surrounding areas, was detected via voxel‐based morphometry analysis. Impairments in cell morphology and myelin integrity were validated using histochemical staining and molecular biology techniques. In addition, the numbers of GFAP+ astrocytes and Iba1+ microglia increased in the hippocampus.ConclusionsOverall, our study demonstrates early functional and structural impairments in the hippocampus contributing to learning and memory deficits after 1 month of BCAS, indicating that the hippocampus is vulnerable to chronic cerebral ischemia.
Coordination Self‐Assembly Induced Hot Exciton Fluorescence and Multi‐Source Excitation Long Afterglow
Authors: Wang Zhong‐Hao , Liu Chen‐Hui , Sun Hui‐Li , Zheng Lin , Pan Mei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal‐organic complexes with long afterglow luminescence have attracted extensive attention due to potential applications in display, sensing and information security. However, most of the metal‐organic complex long afterglow materials reported so far are limited to the use of UV light as the excitation source, and the ambiguity of the structure‐activity relationship makes the development of metal‐organic complexes extremely limited. Herein, a series of metal‐organic complexes with ultralong emission lifetime is constructed by coordination assembly of Zn(II) with three isomers. These complexes can emit afterglow when excited by UV light, blue LED, cell phone flashlight or even near‐infrared light (800 nm) under ambient conditions, and the afterglow is also observed at 360 K. More interestingly, the inactivation pathway of the triplet exciton was altered by the strategy of supramolecular self‐assembly, which leads to these complexes having hot exciton fluorescence (HEF) emission that is not present in the ligand. The relationship between structure and optical properties is investigated in detail by experiments and theoretical calculations. This work provides guidance for studying the modulation of optical properties by coordination interactions.