bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Priority effects of forbs arriving early: the role of root interaction and asymmetric competition
Authors: Yan Xiaohong , Li Xiliang , Jin Ke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The priority effect of plant arrival is a key driver of community assembly and ecosystem succession during the restoration of degraded plant communities. However, the significance of the arrival order of different plant functional groups and their interactions with community assemblies remains unclear. Using a phytotron experiment with three fully crossed factors, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of priority effects and their relationships with the biomass and biodiversity effects in mixed plant communities by manipulating the order of arrival of species, isolation of roots, and removal of specific plants.

Results
The results showed that the strength and direction of priority effects were influenced by arrival order, root interactions, asymmetric competition among species, and their interactions. The identities of early and late-sown species also determined the magnitude of priority effects. The priority effects were stronger in grass-first (24.76%) and legume-first communities (24.48%) than in forb-first communities. The pot biomass of the different priority treatments was highest in grass-first (5.85 g), followed by legume-first (3.94 g) and forb-first (2.48 g). The order of arrival in the mixture significantly affected the net biodiversity effects (P < 0.001), which were driven by dominance effects. The community had lower overall biomass when forbs were sown first, whereas the species grown later had fewer costs with an increased overall net benefit for the resulting community.

Conclusions
Our results emphasize that root interactions and asymmetric competition are vital determinants of order-specific priority effects in community assemblies. In addition, the importance of the priority effect of forbs sown first is related to community assembly, which may be a key determinant in successfully establishing a highly diverse community in the early stages of restoration. Species with weak competition should be considered in the early stage of community assembly. The rational use of the priority effect is conducive to improving the quality and efficiency of ecological restoration efforts.
Implementation of the WHO core components of an infection prevention and control programme in two sub-saharan African acute health-care facilities: a mixed methods study
Authors: Wood R. , Tembele W. , Hema A. , Somé A. , Kinganda-Lusamaki E. , Basilubo C. , Lumembe R. , Alama N. , Mbunsu G. , Zongo A. , Ahuka S. , Muyembe J. J. , Leendertz F. , Eckmanns T. , Schubert G. , Kagoné T. , Makiala S. , Tomczyk S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus pandemic again highlighted the need for robust health care facility infection prevention and control (IPC) programmes. WHO guidelines on the core components (CCs) of IPC programmes provides guidance for facilities, but their implementation can be difficult to achieve in resource-limited settings. We aimed to gather evidence on an initial WHO IPC implementation experience using a mixed methods approach.MethodsA five-day training on the WHO IPC CCs was conducted at two reference acute health care facilities in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Burkina Faso. This was accompanied by a three-part mixed-methods evaluation consisting of a: (1) baseline and follow-up survey of participants’ knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP), (2) qualitative assessment of plenary discussion transcripts and (3) deployment of the WHO IPC assessment framework (IPCAF) tool. Results were analysed descriptively and with a qualitative inductive thematic approach.ResultsTwenty-two and twenty-four participants were trained at each facility, respectively. Baseline and follow-up KAP results suggested increases in knowledge related to the necessity of a dedicated IPC focal person and annual evaluations of IPC training although lack of recognition on the importance of including hospital leadership in IPC training and hand hygiene monitoring recommendations remained. Most participants reported rarely attending IPC meetings or participating in IPC action planning although attitudes shifted towards stronger agreement with the feeling of IPC responsibility and importance of an IPC team. A reocurring theme in plenary discussions was related to limited resources as a barrier to IPC implementation, namely lack of reliable water access. However, participants recognised the importance of IPC improvement efforts such as practical IPC training methods or the use of data to improve quality of care. The facilities’ IPCAF scores reflected a ‘basic/intermediate’ IPC implementation level.ConclusionsThe training and mixed methods evaluation revealed initial IPC implementation experiences that could be used to inform stepwise approaches to facility IPC improvement in resource-limited settings. Implementation strategies should consider both global standards such as the WHO IPC CCs and specific local contexts. The early involvement of all relevant stakeholders and parallel efforts to advocate for sufficient resources and health system infrastructure are critical.
Tuning in to recovery: influence of music on emotional well-being during mealtime in inpatient facilities for eating disorders
Authors: Meneguzzo Paolo , Baron Elisa , Marchesin Silvia , Andretta Anna Maria , Nalesso Lisa , Stella Sonia , Todisco Patrizia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In rehabilitating eating disorders (ED), mealtimes are critical but often induce stress, both for restrictive and binge-purge disorders. Although preliminary data indicate a positive effect of music during mealtime, few studies employ an experimental approach. This study examines the influence of background music during mealtime in an inpatient ward setting, offering a real-world perspective.

Methods
Fifty-one women diagnosed with ED participated in this within-subjects study. Over two weeks, during lunch and dinner, they were exposed to three randomized music conditions: no music, focus piano music, and pop music. The self-report questionnaires captured affective states, noise levels, and hunger, while trained dietitians recorded food consumption and eating rituals.

Results
The absence of music led to an increase in uneaten food (p = 0.001) and the presence of eating rituals (p = 0.012) during mealtimes. Significantly, only silence during mealtime reduced positive emotional states, while background music maintained positive emotions (p < 0.001). No specific differences emerged between the two types of music (focus piano and pop).

Conclusions
These findings affirm the positive impact of background music during mealtime in real-world settings, enhancing the potential of inpatient eating rehabilitation programs for individuals with ED. More studies are needed to validate and extend these results, particularly in outpatient settings.
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) on painted heritage objects: a review using topic modeling
Authors: Harth Astrid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This review presents the computational method of topic modeling to identify core topics and time trends in research on X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and its application to cultural heritage. Topic modeling is an approach to text mining based on unsupervised machine learning, which helps to determine core topics within a vast body of text. Due to the large amount of published work on X-ray fluorescence in the area of cultural heritage, traditional literature review has become impractical, inefficient, time-consuming, and potentially less reliable. Therefore, it is important to take stock of which topics have been core to such research and whether specific time trends can be identified within them. Using topic modeling, this review aims to reveal core topics and trends in research on XRF analysis of painted heritage objects by examining 982 articles collected from Web of Science. Within this dataset of articles, ten topics have been identified. The identified topics can be clustered in three main categories: the methods used, the objects studied, and the specific materials studied. In terms of trends in topic share since 2010, it is especially noteworthy to see that the share of articles focused on the identification and study of painting materials and techniques has more than doubled. Similarly, another impressive increase can be observed for articles centered on advanced imaging spectroscopic techniques, such as macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and reflectance hyperspectral imaging, for the study of easel paintings. The share of attention within XRF literature given to imaging spectroscopic techniques tripled between 2010 and 2017, though stabilizing in the subsequent years. Conversely, the share of articles which specifically deal with the development and improvement of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectroscopic techniques (i.e., portable ED-XRF, confocal micro-XRF, micro-grazing exit XRF) for the elemental analysis (including elemental depth profiling) of painted heritage objects has declined sharply.
Identification of potential microbial risk factors associated with fecal indicator exceedances at recreational beaches
Authors: Saleem Faizan , Li Enze , Edge Thomas A. , Tran Kevin L. , Schellhorn Herb E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Fecal bacterial densities are proxy indicators of beach water quality, and beach posting decisions are made based on Beach Action Value (BAV) exceedances for a beach. However, these traditional beach monitoring methods do not reflect the full extent of microbial water quality changes associated with BAV exceedances at recreational beaches (including harmful cyanobacteria). This proof of concept study evaluates the potential of metagenomics for comprehensively assessing bacterial community changes associated with BAV exceedances compared to non-exceedances for two urban beaches and their adjacent river water sources.

Results
Compared to non-exceedance samples, BAV exceedance samples exhibited higher alpha diversity (diversity within the sample) that could be further differentiated into separate clusters (Beta-diversity). For Beach A, Cyanobacterial sequences (resolved as Microcystis and Pseudanabaena at genus level) were significantly more abundant in BAV non-exceedance samples. qPCR validation supported the Cyanobacterial abundance results from metagenomic analysis and also identified saxitoxin genes in 50% of the non-exceedance samples. Microcystis sp and saxitoxin gene sequences were more abundant on non-exceedance beach days (when fecal indicator data indicated the beach should be open for water recreational purposes). For BAV exceedance days, Fibrobacteres, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Clostridium sequences were significantly more abundant (and positively correlated with fecal indicator densities) for Beach A. For Beach B, Spirochaetes (resolved as Leptospira on genus level) Burkholderia and Vibrio sequences were significantly more abundant in BAV exceedance samples. Similar bacterial diversity and abundance trends were observed for river water sources compared to their associated beaches. Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) were also consistently detected at both beaches. However, we did not observe a significant difference or correlation in ARGs abundance between BAV exceedance and non-exceedance samples.

Conclusion
This study provides a more comprehensive analysis of bacterial community changes associated with BAV exceedances for recreational freshwater beaches. While there were increases in bacterial diversity and some taxa of potential human health concern associated with increased fecal indicator densities and BAV exceedances (e.g. Pseudomonas), metagenomics analyses also identified other taxa of potential human health concern (e.g. Microcystis) associated with lower fecal indicator densities and BAV non-exceedances days. This study can help develop more targeted beach monitoring strategies and beach-specific risk management approaches.
Monoclonal antibody applications in travel medicine
Authors: de Jong Hanna K. , Grobusch Martin P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor decades, immunoglobulin preparations have been used to prevent or treat infectious diseases. Since only a few years, monoclonal antibody applications (mAbs) are taking flight and are increasingly dominating this field. In 2014, only two mAbs were registered; end of October 2023, more than ten mAbs are registered or have been granted emergency use authorization, and many more are in (pre)clinical phases. Especially the COVID-19 pandemic has generated this surge in licensed monoclonal antibodies, although multiple phase 1 studies were already underway in 2019 for other infectious diseases such as malaria and yellow fever. Monoclonal antibodies could function as prophylaxis (i.e., for the prevention of malaria), or could be used to treat (tropical) infections (i.e., rabies, dengue fever, yellow fever). This review focuses on the discussion of the prospects of, and obstacles for, using mAbs in the prevention and treatment of (tropical) infectious diseases seen in the returning traveler; and provides an update on the mAbs currently being developed for infectious diseases, which could potentially be of interest for travelers.
Effect of combined Kinesiotaping and resistive exercise on muscle strength and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ramadan Alaa M. , ElDeeb Abeer M. , Ramadan Ahmed A. , Aleshmawy Dina M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BC) and its treatment affect women's tissue architecture and physiology, which leads to impaired muscle strength and joint dysfunction, affecting quality of life (QOL). Most evidence has focused on exercises; however, due to the complexity and heterogeneity of patients’ rehabilitation needs, further research is required to investigate more adjunctive methods to help optimal rehabilitation according to patients’ needs, preferences, and effective interventions.

Methods
This study aimed to determine the effect of Kinesiotaping (KT) combined with resistive exercise on muscle strength and QOL in breast cancer survivors (BCS). Forty premenopausal BCS treated with chemotherapy postmastectomy participated in this study. Their age ranged from 40 to 55 years, and their body mass index (BMI) was 25–29.9 kg/m2. They were randomly distributed into two equal groups. The control group received resistive exercise two times/week for 12 weeks, while the study group received resistive exercise and KT applied to the lower limbs. Hip, knee, and ankle muscle strength were measured using a hand-held dynamometer, and QOL was evaluated using 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) before and after treatment.

Results
Both groups showed a significant increase (p = 0.0001) in the strength of hip flexors, knee extensors, flexors, ankle plantar flexors, and dorsiflexors, as well as SF-36 score after treatment. However, the study group showed a more significant increase in strength of hip flexors (p = 0.005), knee extensors (p = 0.01) and flexors (p = 0.02), ankle plantar flexors (p = 0.01), and dorsiflexors (p = 0.01), as well as SF-36 score (p = 0.006) than the control group.

Conclusions
KT plus resistive exercise is more effective than exercise alone for improving muscle strength and QOL in BCS. So, the KT can be recommended as a non-invasive, adjunctive method added to the protocol therapy for BCS to help better outcomes during the rehabilitation period.
An incidental finding of the Lincoln sign on FDG PET-CT in a patient with rectosigmoid adenocarcinoma giving rise to the diagnosis of Paget's disease
Authors: Abdul Onny Muhammad Adib , Kemis Yahyah Sheila Shazlina , Arumugam Kavita , Ali Nor Salita , Tagiling Nashrulhaq , Mat Nawi Norazlina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Paget's disease is a metabolic disorder characterized by disorderly bone remodeling process of excessive osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities leading to a structurally disorganized appearance of the bone. Paget's disease is usually diagnosed based on the clinical presentation of bony pain, raised serum alkaline phosphatase, and typical radiological changes. Bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-labeled radiotracers is commonly used to assess disease extent, and one of the classical findings of Paget's disease on bone scintigraphy is diffuse radiotracer uptake in the mandible bone, widely described as Lincoln or Black Beard sign. On the other hand, FDG PET-CT is commonly used in cancer imaging and frequently for staging or assessing recurrence in various malignancies. However, its use in evaluating Paget's disease is not established, attributed mainly to the heterogeneity of FDG uptake in Paget's disease and the high false-positive and negative findings.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old female with metastatic mucinous rectosigmoid adenocarcinoma underwent multiple surgeries and completed 12 chemotherapy cycles with no evidence of local recurrence in the colon or distant metastasis. In the tenth year of active surveillance, her serum CEA levels were found to be elevated, yet there was no evidence of cancer spread from colonoscopy and contrast-enhanced CT. An 18F-FDG PET-CT was then ordered, to which a unique diffuse FDG uptake pattern in the mandible was seen, resembling the Lincoln or Black Beard sign classically described in bone scintigraphy. This appearance was then verified by congruent uptake during a 99mTc-MDP scan, thus leading to the diagnosis of Paget's disease.

Conclusion
The Lincoln sign is not limited to bone scintigraphy. Hence, we intend to add this FDG PET-CT finding to enrich the literature on the Lincoln sign and when to expect this pattern.
Barriers and facilitators to a task-shifted stroke prevention program for children with sickle cell anemia in a community hospital: a qualitative study
Authors: Bello-Manga Halima , Haliru Lawal , Ahmed Kudirat , Ige Samuel , Musa Hayatu , Muhammad-Idris Zainab Kwaru , Monday Binshak , Sani Abdulrashid M. , Bonnet Kemberlee , Schlundt David G. , Varughese Taniya , Tabari Abdulkadir M. , DeBaun Michael R. , Baumann Ana A. , King Allison A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are at high risk for stroke. Protocols for stroke prevention including blood transfusions, screening for abnormal non-imaging transcranial Doppler (TCD) measurements, and hydroxyurea therapy are difficult to implement in low-resource environments like Nigeria. This study aimed to examine the contextual factors around TCD screening in a community hospital in Nigeria using qualitative interviews and focus groups.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive qualitative study in a community hospital in Kaduna, Nigeria, using focus groups and interviews. Interview guides and analysis were informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework and the Theory of Planned Behavior. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using an iterative deductive (CFIR)/Inductive (transcribed quotes) qualitative methodology.

Results
We conducted two focus groups and five interviews with health care workers (nurses and doctors) and hospital administrators, respectively. Themes identified key elements of the inner setting (clinic characteristics, resource availability, implementation climate, and tension for change), characteristics of individuals (normative, control, and behavioral beliefs), and the implementation process (engage, implement, and adopt), as well as factors that were influenced by external context, caregiver needs, team function, and intervention characteristics. Task shifting, which is already being used, was viewed by providers and administrators as a necessary strategy to implement TCD screening in a clinic environment that is overstressed and under-resourced, a community stressed by poverty, and a nation with an underperforming health system.

Conclusion
Task shifting provides a viable option to improve health care by making more efficient use of already available human resources while rapidly expanding the human resource pool and building capacity for TCD screening of children with SCD that is more sustainable.

Trial registration
NCT05434000.
Supinator to Posterior Interosseous Nerve Transfer for Recovery of Hand Opening in the Tetraplegic Patient: A Case Series
Authors: Bazarek Stanley , Sten Margaret , Thum Jasmine , Mandeville Ross , Magee Grace , Brown Justin M. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Cervical spinal cord injury results in devastating loss of function. Nerve transfers can restore functional use of the hand, the highest priority function in this population to gain independence. Transfer of radial nerve branches innervating the supinator to the posterior interosseous nerve (SUP-PIN) has become a primary intervention for the recovery of hand opening, but few outcome reports exist to date. We report single-surgeon outcomes for this procedure.

METHODS:
The SUP-PIN transfer was performed on adults with traumatic spinal cord injury resulting in hand paralysis. Outcome measures include Medical Research Council strength grade for extension of each digit, and angles representing critical apertures: the first web space opening of the thumb, and metacarpophalangeal angle of the remaining fingers. Factors affecting these measurements, including preserved tone and spasticity of related muscles, were also assessed.

RESULTS:
Twenty-three adult patients with a C5–7 motor level underwent SUP-PIN transfers on 36 limbs (median age 31 years, interquartile range [21.5, 41]). The median interval from injury to surgery was 10.5 (8.2, 6.5) months, with 9 (7.5, 11) months for the acute injuries and 50 (32, 66) months for the chronic (>18 months) injuries. Outcomes were observed at a mean follow-up of 22 (14, 32.5) months. 30 (83.3%) hands recovered at least antigravity extension of the thumb and 34 (94.4%) demonstrated successful antigravity strength for the finger extensors, providing adequate opening for a functional grasp. Chronic patients (>18 months after injury) showed similar outcomes to those who had earlier surgery. Supination remained strong (at least M4) in all but a single patient and no complications were observed.

CONCLUSION:
SUP-PIN is a reliable procedure for recovery of finger extension. Chronic patients remain good candidates, provided innervation of target muscles is preserved. Higher C5 injuries were more likely to have poor outcomes.
Mitochondrial defects triggered by amg-1 mutation elicit UPRmt and phagocytic clearance during spermatogenesis in C. elegans
Authors: Wang Peng , Chen Lianwan , Wang Ning , Miao Long , Zhao Yanmei 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of many biological processes. During spermatogenesis, post-transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial gene expression is mediated by nuclear-encoded mitochondrial RNA-binding proteins (mtRBPs). We identified AMG-1 as an mtRBP required for reproductive success in Caenorhabditis elegans. amg-1 mutation led to defects in mitochondrial structure and sperm budding, resulting in mitochondria being discarded into residual bodies, which ultimately delayed spermatogenesis in the proximal gonad. In addition, mitochondrial defects triggered the gonadal mitochondrial unfolded protein response and phagocytic clearance to ensure spermatogenesis but ultimately failed to rescue hermaphroditic fertility. These findings reveal a previously undiscovered role for AMG-1 in regulating C. elegans spermatogenesis, in which mitochondrial-damaged sperm prevented the transmission of defective mitochondria to mature sperm by budding and phagocytic clearance, a process which may also exist in the reproductive systems of higher organisms.