bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Green Innovation Pathway: Artificial Intelligence and Urban Green Innovation Levels - A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China.
Authors: Xingxing He , junjie ruan , caixing bian , yu sun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the iterative evolution of artificial intelligence technology, its characteristics such as intelligence and digitization have gradually become one of the important new engines for China's green innovation development. Based on the theory of discontinuous innovation and using panel data from 2011–2020 for 100 prefecture-level and above cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, this paper analyzes the internal mechanism of AI's effect in enhancing green innovation from the perspective of industrial agglomeration. It constructs a logical framework for AI-empowered green innovation development. The research shows that AI effectively promotes the enhancement of green innovation levels in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, a conclusion that still holds after endogeneity and robustness tests. Industrial agglomeration is an important mechanism pathway for AI to effectively enhance the green innovation level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that, from the perspective of city size, the larger the city, the better the effect of AI in empowering green innovation development in cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Regarding the heterogeneity of the three major city clusters in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, AI's green innovation effect is manifested in the Chengdu-Chongqing and Middle Yangtze city clusters, while in the Yangtze River Delta city cluster, AI does not play a green innovation effect. Further analysis finds that digital inclusive finance and the degree of informatization have significant dual threshold effects in the process of AI promoting green innovation levels. When digital inclusive finance and the degree of informatization cross the first threshold value, the marginal benefit of AI-empowered green innovation further increases. However, when digital inclusive finance crosses the second threshold value, the marginal benefit of AI-empowered green innovation weakens. Extended analysis discovers that AI has a significant spatial spillover effect in promoting green innovation development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Focusing on the dual perspectives of industrial agglomeration and green innovation, this provides theoretical support and empirical evidence for promoting China's green, low-carbon, and circular development.
Investigating Student Expectations in UK-based Higher Education Healthcare Programmes
Authors: Strong Samantha L. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
One of the most challenging times for a student is their transition to university from previous education, and this transition can be particularly difficult if their expectations vary greatly from what is likely to be genuine when they arrive. In healthcare education, this can be exacerbated as students also need to be safe and professional from the beginning of their academic journey. This highlights the importance of understanding students’ expectations as they join higher education, in order to identify any areas where expectations may need to be managed effectively.
Methods
This project utilised online surveys of: (1) incoming (transitioning) students (n = 37), (2) current students (n = 21), and (3) academic staff (n = 13) – all involved in healthcare programmes at a UK-based University. The questions were targeted around perceptions of outcomes, performance, workload, extracurricular activities, professionalism and support. Quantitative data were analysed using t-tests and ANOVAs; qualitative data were investigated using inductive thematic analysis.
Results
Data show that on average, both incoming and current students expect to graduate with a first-class degree but expect that they will ned to work harder than they did previously to achieve it. Data also suggest that overall there is a relatively large agreement in expectation between all three participant groups, however there are mismatches surrounding: the need to attend lectures and what constitutes an achievable grade. In particular, incoming students who reported having a close relative go to university and support them with their expectations were significantly less likely to agree that they need to attend lectures to achieve success. Thematic analyses highlight positive experiences of university align with a healthy work-life balance, good support structures, and good relationships; whereas negative experiences are associated with feelings of isolation, struggling, and experiencing poor mental health.
Conclusions
Overall these data suggest that best practice in teaching and supporting students could be facilitated through implementing small changes to help support management of student expectations as they join the institution. These include: study skills support, training in understanding grade boundaries in higher education, and reviewing how we utilise timetabled lecture sessions to ensure they are perceived to be maximally useful.
Mechanism of activation of β-1,3-glucan synthase by Rho1
Authors: Wang Xiang , Li Jialu , Liu Huayi , Li Jian , Liu Juxiu , Dai Xinli , Zhu Angqi , Xiao Qingjie , Qian Wenyu , Li Honghao , Guo Li , Yan Chuangye , Deng Dong , Luo Yunzi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The β-1,3 glucan synthase (GS) is essential for the biosynthesis of β-1,3 glucan, a well-conserved structural component of fungal cell wall. The GS holoenzyme is a multi-enzyme complex consisting of the glycosyltransferase FKS and the essential regulatory factor Rho1, a small GTPase. However, the precise mechanism by which Rho1 activates FKS1 activity in a GTP-dependent manner remains elusive. Here, we present two cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of FKS1 alone (resting state) and FKS1-Rho1 complex (activating state), respectively. Structural analysis reveals that FKS1 adopts a cellulase-like conformation, wherein two segments of the cytoplasmic domain tightly bound together to form a functional structural unit. Remarkably, we unveil that the interaction between Rho1 and FKS1 is enhanced in the presence of a nonhydrolyzable guanosine triphosphate analog (GTP-γ-S). Rho1 is positioned within a pocket between the cytoplasmic domain of FKS1 and the transmembrane helix spanning TM7-15, engaging with the highly conserved glycosyltransferase domain of FKS1 (GT domain). Comparative analysis between the unbound (resting state) and Rho1-bound structures of FKS1 reveals the extensive conformational changes within FKS1, specifically in the GT domain and TM7-15. These alterations suggest that Rho1's GTP/GDP cycling acts as a molecular pump, inducing a dynamic transition between the resting and activating states of FKS1. Notably, the activation of Rho1 triggering FKS1 conformation changes, an evolutionary conserved "finger helix" within the FKS1-Rho1 complex adopts an up-and-down movement, ultimately pushing the growing glucan chain into FKS1’s transmembrane channel, thereby facilitating β-1,3 glucan elongation. Collectively, our results provide a vivid ratchet and pawl model to describe the mechanism of fungal β-1,3-glucan biosynthesis.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound appearance of adrenal hemorrhage after orthotopic liver transplantation: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Hongjun , Liao Mei , Zheng Bowen , Jin Jieyang , Yi Shuhong , Ren Jie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to identify the incidence of AH after OLT and to summarize the ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics.
Methods
Patients with adrenal lesions after OLT at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed between January 2008 and November 2021. The reference diagnosis was defined based on surgical data, computed tomography scans, and magnetic resonance imaging with at least 12 months of follow-up. The incidence of AH and the features of US and CEUS after OLT were analyzed and compared with those of adrenal metastases.
Results
A total of 23 patients (1.2%) with AH and 7 (0.35%) with suprarenal metastases were assessed. Compared with metastases, hematomas had more inhomogeneous echotextures (57% vs. 0.00%, P = 0.010), hypoechoic or mixed-echoic patterns (96% vs. 71%, P = 0.022), and anechoic areas (52% vs. 0.00%, P = 0.024), and their echotexture varied more over time (65% vs. 0.14%, P = 0.031). CEUS was performed in 12 patients with AH and 2 with metastases. Contrast extravasation was observed in one active bleeding hematoma, whereas no enhancement was observed in any static hematoma (100%). However, adrenal metastases appeared contrast-enhanced in the early arterial phase, followed by fast wash-out in the late phase (100%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
The sonographic characteristics of AH after OLT vary over time. CEUS is recommended when adrenal lesions are detected, as CEUS can differentiate AH from metastases.
The what, when, and how of translating knowledge to action in nature-society systems for sustainability
Authors: Anderies John , Mathias Jean-Denis 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The notion of a safe operating space for humanity has recently emerged as a conceptual guide for global-scale sustainability policy challenges. While the Planetary Boundaries Framework defines this space and has spurred empirical work to determine where the Earth system is relative to its boundaries, even less is known regarding the capacity of globally interconnected societies to navigate towards or remain within a safe operating space when constrained by imperfect information. This study leverages notions of observability and controllability from modern control systems theory to explore the link between information and the capacity to navigate Earth system dynamics in three interrelated sustainability problems. The analysis highlights the critical dependence of the notion of a safe operating space on information and decision processes and the subtle interplay between how past, real-time, and projected information on a particular observation is weighted and the controllability of a system.
Advancements in 3D MRI Brain Tumor Segmentation: A Comprehensive Exploration of Fully Convolutional Networks
Authors: Dutta Rituraj , Sarma Jayana , Deb Nabamita , Ghosh Rajdeep 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This work presents a comprehensive study on brain tumor segmentation, utilizing the MICCAI Brain Tumor Segmentation(BraTS) 2016 and 2017 datasets as primary sources for analysis and assessment. The BraTS dataset provides annotated multimodal 3D brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging( MRI), enabling the detection of three tumor classes – Edema (ED), Enhancing Tumor (ET), and Necrotic and Non-Enhancing Tumor (NET/NCR). The study involves the utilization of five distinct 3D Deep Convolutional Networks for analysis and evaluation. Binary Cross Entropy and Dice Loss are investigated as loss functions and three different in-layer normalization techniques are explored using Unet3D to gain a deeper understanding of their impact on performance. Quantitative results reveal that DenseVoxelNet performs poorly due to limited and complex data, while UNet3D consistently outperforms other models. The qualitative analysis demonstrates Unet3D’s superiority over other models, particularly DenseVoxelNet. The findings underscore the significance of skip connections in enhancing the analysis of medical images, revealing a notable 29% increase across multiple evaluation metrics. The classwise evaluation reveals that within the context of NET/NCR segmentation, UNet3D displays a marginal underperformance of 0.7% in terms of Dice Score Coefficient (DSC) and 0.4% in terms of Intersection over Union (IoU). However, UNet3D demonstrates superiority in ED and ET segmentation, exhibiting improvements of 0.4% and 0.9% for DSC and 0.5% and 0.7% for IoU respectively.
Direct Air Capture and Utilization: Life Cycle Assessment and CO2 Reduction Potential Estimation
Authors: Keeley Alexander Ryota , Chapman Andrew , Yoo Sunbin , Kurita Kenichi , Kumagai Junya , Rinawati Dyah Ika , Fan Tianhui , Managi Shunsuke 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere to combat climate change is a global challenge. Direct air capture (DAC) is a new set of technologies that directly removes CO2 from the air; therefore, DAC can address emissions from any source. This paper begins by reviewing the literature on negative emission technologies to summarize the most recent technological developments. We then conduct a life cycle assessment on one of the most recently developed technologies, the direct air capture and utilization (DAC-U) system. DAC-U systems, like photovoltaic systems, can be installed in various locations, including homes, offices, and mega-plants, resulting in a highly scalable, on-site system that can be deployed in various ways. Based on the life cycle assessment results, this article presents the CO2 capture and reduction potential of the DAC-U system, with a focus on installations in households, and examines the willingness to adopt the system in Japan. Our results show that the DAC-U system functions as a negative emission technology and demonstrate the large CO2 capture and reduction potential of the DAC-U system through household-level installations.
Accuracy of Abott Freestyle Libre versus Dexcom G6 in a patient with pre-diabetes: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Kutoh Eiji 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Abbott FreeStyle Libre and Dexcom G6 represent widely employed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems globally. However, their precision remains unexplored concerning postprandial glucose levels in individuals with pre-diabetes following the consumption of diverse dietary regimens. A 58-year-old Japanese man diagnosed with pre-diabetes (postprandial hyperglycemia) underwent simultaneous monitoring using Abbott FreeStyle Libre and Dexcom G6 following the consumption of diverse diets. In the pre-meal state, both systems exhibited comparable and reliable values (around 80–100 mg/dl). However, around 60 minutes following meals containing specific amounts of carbohydrates (approximately above 50 g), FreeStyle Libre demonstrated a more pronounced acceleration in the increase and peak glucose values compared to G6. These discrepancies were further validated through self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) measurements, confirming the less accurate performance of FreeStyle Libre under these conditions. To this end, it appears that fermented products (beans, yogurt, cheese) could suppress postprandial glucose spikes. The study results suggest that, when compared to G6, FreeStyle Libre yielded elevated glucose values and exhibited reduced accuracy in measuring postprandial glucose levels following the ingestion of a specific amount of carbohydrates in a patient with pre-diabetes.
Gait Compensation Strategies to Expected and Unexpected Yielding Terrain
Authors: Petrarca Maurizio , Favetta Martina , Carniel Sacha , Gazzellini Simone , Bella Gessica Della , Castelli Enrico , Berthoz Alain , Summa Susanna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Preventing falls is closely tied to the ability to compensate for perturbations during walking. Some of the most significant perturbations arise from irregular terrain, which can lead to expected or unexpected disturbances. In pathological conditions, these compensation abilities are often greatly compromised, while in children, they are still developing. Research is scarce in this area. To address this gap, we developed a custom Stewart platform for studying perturbations during walking. We recruited ten healthy young adults. Participants walked along a path where the upper plate of a Stewart Platform, controlled in force, was positioned. The platform would move vertically downward when participants stepped on it. The perturbations were normalized based on leg length, while random sequence repetition to induce expected or unexpected conditions was defined. We conducted a comprehensive 3D gait analysis of three strides using an optoelectronic system, before, on, and after the platform. Statistical analysis was performed using one-dimensional Statistical Parametric Mapping to compare perturbed conditions (expected or unexpected) to normal walking. The main findings revealed alterations in spatiotemporal parameters, increased clearance, and increased dorsiflexion of the ankle, with minor effects on knee and hip flexion, pelvis, and trunk anteversion. Furthermore, during unexpected perturbations, participants raised their hands. In summary, our observations indicated an overlap between Anticipatory and Predictive strategies, with signs of anticipation looking at foot clearance and signs of prediction looking at hand elevation. This detailed description forms the foundation for investigating available resources in pathological conditions and their maturation across the lifespan.
Myositis and Interstitial Lung Disease as a Presentation of Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome, A Case Report
Authors: Aly Mohammed H , Mahmoud Ahmed A , Hassan Abdulrahman M , Mohammed Abdelgaffar , shehri Abdulrahman A Al 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS), defined as an autoimmune disorder, is the most prevalent autoimmune disorder, succeeding rheumatoid arthritis, but persists undiagnosed in more than half of cases. The distinctive attribute of histopathological characteristics of SS is peri-epithelial lymphocytic infiltration of the impacted organs. Antibodies to SSA (Ro) and SSB (La) are characteristically correlated with SS. Pulmonary involvement in primary SS has been reported in multiple cases of Sjogren syndrome, with a range that includes various forms, starting from small airway diseases to interstitial lung diseases (ILD). We are reporting a primary SS case presenting with myositis and ILD.
Seasonal Diet Partition among Top Predators of a Small Island, Iriomotejima Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
Authors: Tobe Alisa , Sato Yukuto , Wachi Nakatada , Nakanishi Nozomi , Izawa Masako 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Small islands lack predators because species at higher trophic levels often cannot survive. However, two top predators—the Iriomote cat Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis, and the Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela perplexus—live on small Iriomotejima Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago. To understand how these predators coexist on the island with limited resources, we focused on their seasonal diets which are considered crucial for survival in such an island ecosystem. To compare the diets of them, we used DNA metabarcoding analysis of their fecal samples. In the summer, we identified 16 prey items from Iriomote cat fecal samples, and 15 from Crested Serpent Eagle fecal samples. In the winter, we identified 37 and 14 prey items, respectively. Using a non-metric multidimensional scaling and a permutational multivariate analysis of variance, our study reveals significant differences in the diet composition at the order level between the predators during both seasons. Furthermore, although some prey items at the species-to-order level overlapped between them, the frequency of occurrence of most prey items differed in both seasons. These results suggest that this difference in diets was one of the reasons why the Iriomote cat and the Crested Serpent Eagle coexisted on such a small island.
Effect of Progesterone Treatment on Synchronising Oestrus during Non-Breeding Season in South African Merino Ewes
Authors: Zulu Nhlakanipho , Ramukhithi Fhulufhelo Vincent , Lehloenya Khoboso Christine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the effect of short and long-term progesterone treatment and their combination with or without equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on oestrous response and hormonal profiles during non-breeding season. Seventy-six (76) Merino ewes aged between 2–5 years were allocated into two groups, 36 for short-term and 40 for long-term progesterone treatments. In the short and long-term progesterone treatment groups, controlled internal drug release devices (CIDR) were inserted for 11 and 14 days, respectively. At withdrawal of CIDR, half of each group were injected intramuscularly with 300 IU of eCG. Blood samples were collected to measure the level of progesterone and oestradiol. Ewes treated with both short or long-term progesterone combined with or without eCG resulted in the same oestrus response, onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus. The levels of progesterone hormone were the same at CIDR insertion, and removal and 48 hours post CIDR removal. However, oestradiol hormone was significantly higher at CIDR removal and 48 hours post CIDR removal than at insertion in all treated groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that oestrous synchronisation protocols of both short and long-term progesterone combined with or without eCG during non-breeding season can be used to synchronise oestrus during non-breeding season.
Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli in a tertiary hospital located in the Dabie Mountains region, China
Authors: Wang Lu , Gong Wanxian , Zhang Jie , Zhang Runan , Jing Ying , Xu Yuanhong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a molecular epidemiological study of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREco) within a tertiary hospital situated in the Dabie Mountains region of China, while also elucidating the underlying mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance.
Patients and methods: Between 2018 and 2022, a total of 33 CREco isolates were isolated from 33 patients in a tertiary hospital situated in the Dabie Mountains region of China. Subsequently, the next-generation sequencing of CREco isolates was performed, and the clinical retrospective analysis and the comprehensive bioinformatic analysis were presented. Phenotypic identification of carbapenemase and AmpC-type β-lactamase were also conducted.
Results: Two kinds of carbapenemase genes blaNDM (n = 30) and blaKPC-2 (n = 2) were identified in 33 CREco isolates. Of blaNDM-positive isolates, 24 belonged to blaNDM-5, and the remaining were blaNDM-13 (n = 4), blaNDM-1 (n = 1), and blaNDM-6 (n = 1). The predominant STs of these isolates were ST410 (13.3%, 4/30), ST692 (10.0%, 3/30), and ST156 (10.0%, 3/30). Except for carbapenemase genes, the most prevalent resistance genes were sulfonamide (97%, 32/33), and aminoglycoside (94%, 31/33) genes. By the disserted annotation of the core genetic envirionment of blaNDM and blaKPC, we identified that blaNDM and blaKPC were harbored by Tn125 and Tn6296, respectively. Although the core genetic environment of them were conserved, but the different truncations were underwent in the upstream/downstream of the prototype of Tn125 and Tn6296.
Conclusion: The blaNDM-5 was the principal carbapenem resistance mechanism of CREco isolates in the Dabie Mountains region in China. Besides, two rare NDM variants blaNDM-6 and blaNDM-13 were detected herein, and the dissemination risk of these two genes was needed to be attention and the further surveillance was needed in China.