bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moments and asymptotics for a class of SPDEs with space-time white noise
Authors: Chen Le , Guo Yuhui , Song Jian 
Published: February 2024

In this article, we consider the nonlinear stochastic partial differential equation of fractional order in both space and time variables with constant initial condition:

(

∂
t

β

+

ν
2

(
−
Δ
)

α

/

2

)

u
(
t
,
x
)
=

I

t

γ

[
λ
u
(
t
,
x
)

W
˙

(
t
,
x
)
]

t
>
0
,

x
∈

R

d

,

\begin{equation*} \left (\partial ^{\beta }_t+\dfrac {\nu }{2}\left (-\Delta \right )^{\alpha / 2}\right ) u(t, x) = \: I_{t}^{\gamma }\left [\lambda u(t, x) \dot {W}(t, x)\right ] \quad t>0,\: x\in \mathbb {R}^d, \end{equation*}

with constants

λ
≠
0

\lambda \ne 0

and

ν
>
0

\nu >0

, where

∂
t

β

\partial ^{\beta }_t

is the Caputo fractional derivative of order

β
∈
(
0
,
2
]

\beta \in (0,2]

,

I

t

γ

I_{t}^{\gamma }

refers to the Riemann-Liouville integral of order

γ
≥
0

\gamma \ge 0

, and

(
−
Δ
)

α

/

2

\left (-\Delta \right )^{\alpha /2}

is the standard fractional/power of Laplacian with

α
>
0

\alpha >0

. We concentrate on the scenario where the noise

W
˙

\dot {W}

is the space-time white noise. The existence and uniqueness of solution in the Itô-Skorohod sense is obtained under Dalang’s condition. We obtain explicit formulas for both the second moment and the second moment Lyapunov exponent. We derive the

p
p

-th moment upper bounds and find the matching lower bounds. Our results solve a large class of conjectures regarding the order of the

p
p

-th moment Lyapunov exponents. In particular, by letting

β
=
2

\beta = 2

,

α
=
2

\alpha = 2

,

γ
=
0

\gamma = 0

, and

d
=
1

d = 1

, we confirm the following standing conjecture for the stochastic wave equation:

1
t

log
⁡

E

[

|

u
(
t
,
x
)

|

p

]
≍

p

3

/

2

,

for

p
≥
2

as

t
→
∞

.

\begin{align*} \frac {1}{t}\log \mathbb {E}[|u(t,x)|^p ] \asymp p^{3/2}, \quad \text {for $p\ge 2$ as $t\to \infty $.} \end{align*}

The method for the lower bounds is inspired by a recent work of Hu and Wang, where the authors focus on the space-time colored Gaussian noise case.
Impact of a pharmacist-managed remote heart failure program in patients with a multisensor-capable implanted device
Authors: Kwon Audrey , Denomme Phuong Thai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Added layers of remote management in heart failure (HF) have become available for patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pharmacist-managed HF monitoring in patients with a multisensor-capable ICD.

Methods
This was a retrospective, data-only, single-arm study that compared primary outcome events individually in the preactivation and postactivation periods at a single center. The primary outcomes were the total number of all-cause and HF-related hospitalizations and all-cause emergency department (ED) visits and the median length of stay for all-cause and HF-related hospitalizations. The secondary outcome quantified medication utilization.

Results
In total, 132 patients completed the 1-year follow-up period. Overall, there was a 49% reduction in the number of patients with an all-cause hospitalization, a 77% reduction in the number of patients with an HF-related hospitalization, and a 36% reduction in the number of patients with an ED visit. More patients were hospitalized, visited the ED (P &lt; 0.005), and had a longer median length of stay for all-cause hospitalizations in the preactivation period (P &lt; 0.05). Overall medication utilization increased in the postactivation period.

Conclusion
A pharmacist-led remote monitoring program, utilizing a multisensor diagnostic, was effective at significantly reducing hospitalizations, ED visits, and length of stay.
Pycallingcards: an integrated environment for visualizing, analyzing, and interpreting Calling Cards data
Authors: Guo Juanru , Zhang Wenjin , Chen Xuhua , Yen Allen , Chen Lucy , Shively Christian A , Li Daofeng , Wang Ting , Dougherty Joseph D , Mitra Robi D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Unraveling the transcriptional programs that control how cells divide, differentiate, and respond to their environments requires a precise understanding of transcription factors’ (TFs) DNA-binding activities. Calling cards (CC) technology uses transposons to capture transient TF binding events at one instant in time and then read them out at a later time. This methodology can also be used to simultaneously measure TF binding and mRNA expression from single-cell CC and to record and integrate TF binding events across time in any cell type of interest without the need for purification. Despite these advantages, there has been a lack of dedicated bioinformatics tools for the detailed analysis of CC data.

Results
We introduce Pycallingcards, a comprehensive Python module specifically designed for the analysis of single-cell and bulk CC data across multiple species. Pycallingcards introduces two innovative peak callers, CCcaller and MACCs, enhancing the accuracy and speed of pinpointing TF binding sites from CC data. Pycallingcards offers a fully integrated environment for data visualization, motif finding, and comparative analysis with RNA-seq and ChIP-seq datasets. To illustrate its practical application, we have reanalyzed previously published mouse cortex and glioblastoma datasets. This analysis revealed novel cell-type-specific binding sites and potential sex-linked TF regulators, furthering our understanding of TF binding and gene expression relationships. Thus, Pycallingcards, with its user-friendly design and seamless interface with the Python data science ecosystem, stands as a critical tool for advancing the analysis of TF functions via CC data.

Availability and implementation
Pycallingcards can be accessed on the GitHub repository: https://github.com/The-Mitra-Lab/pycallingcards.
Efficient regeneration of protoplasts from Solanum lycopersicum cultivar Micro-Tom
Authors: Jeong Yeong Yeop , Noh Yoo-Sun , Kim Suk Weon , Seo Pil Joon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Protoplast regeneration has become a key platform for genetic and genome engineering. However, we lack reliable and reproducible methods for efficient protoplast regeneration for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars. Here, we optimized cell and tissue culture methods for protoplast isolation, microcallus proliferation, shoot regeneration, and plantlet establishment of the tomato cultivar Micro-Tom. A thin layer of alginate was applied to protoplasts isolated from third to fourth true leaves and cultured at an optimal density of 1 × 105 protoplasts/ml. We determined the optimal culture media for protoplast proliferation, callus formation, de novo shoot regeneration, and root regeneration. Regenerated plantlets exhibited morphologically normal growth and sexual reproduction. The entire regeneration process, from protoplasts to flowering plants, was accomplished within 5 months. The optimized protoplast regeneration platform enables biotechnological applications, such as genome engineering, as well as basic research on plant regeneration in Solanaceae species.
482 - Efficacy and safety of sequential topical 0.1% mometasone furoate cream and 2% crisaborole in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged over 2 years—a multicentre parallel randomised controlled study in China
Authors: Yang Huan , Shu Hong , Miao Limin , Li Ping , Wang Shan , Qian Hua , Chen Zhenping , Luo Xiaoyan , Ma Lin , Wang Hua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent pruritic, inflammatory skin disease associated with genetic allergies. Crisaborole is a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients over 2 years of age with mild to moderate AD. Previous studies have focused on the efficacy of crisaborole in the treatment of AD, and its influence on AD recurrence is not clear.

Objective
To explore the efficacy and safety of sequential topical 0.1% mometasone furoate cream (Elosone) and crisaborole in the treatment of mild to moderate AD in children, and to investigate the effect of crisaborole on the recurrence of AD.

Methods

Results

Conclusion
Treatment of mild to moderate AD in children over 2 years of age with sequential topical 0.1% mometasone furoate and crisaborole significantly reduced relapses and the amount of mometasone furoate prescribed and was safe and well tolerated by patients.
508 - Dupilumab treatment normalizes intraepidermal nerve fiber density in patients with moderate-to-severe AD
Authors: Ständer Sonja , Agelopoulos Konstantin , Nattkemper Leigh , Bagel Jerry , Praestgaard Amy , Bologna Gabriel , Mack Madison , Zahn Joseph , Zhang Annie , Yosipovitch Gil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Chronic pruritus is a characteristic of atopic dermatitis (AD), contributing to poor quality of life in patients. Alterations in neuroanatomy and neuroarchitecture associated with pruritus secondary to AD are not fully understood.

Objectives
To explore the role of dupilumab treatment effect on epidermal neuroanatomy by quantifying intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD).

Method
DIFFERENSTAD (NCT04823130) was an open-label, exploratory study that enrolled patients ≥ 18 years old with moderate-to-severe AD, pruritus lasting &gt; 6 weeks, and Worst Itch Numerical Rating Scale (WI-NRS) ≥ 4, and matched healthy controls. Patients with AD received dupilumab 300 mg every 2 weeks for 16 weeks. Skin biopsies were obtained from patients’ lesional skin at baseline and localization-matched skin at Week 17 (end of treatment, EoT) and from healthy controls. The primary endpoint, IENFD, was defined as number of nerve fibers crossing the basement membrane per millimeter.

Results
31 patients with moderate-to-severe AD and 10 matched controls were enrolled. IENFD in patients with AD significantly increased from baseline to EoT (mean [SE]: 7.7 [1.3] at baseline vs 12.1 [2.0] at EoT for patients with AD; P = 0.0017), to levels comparable with the control group (mean [SE]: 12.4 [2.3]; P for control group vs EoT in patients with AD = 0.9374). Mean (SE) Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) total score and WI-NRS in dupilumab-treated patients were 22.5 (1.5) and 8.5 (0.3) at baseline, and 5.1 (1.1) and 3.1 (0.5) at EoT (both change from baseline P &lt; 0.0001), respectively. The safety profile was consistent with the known safety profile for dupilumab.

Conclusions
Dupilumab treatment significantly increased IENFD to levels similar to those of healthy subjects, suggesting restored neuroanatomy in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Dupilumab also significantly improved clinical signs and pruritus symptoms of AD.
549 - Laboratory parameters in adolescent patients aged 12–17 with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis treated with tralokinumab up to week 52: results from the phase 3 ECZTRA 6 trial
Authors: Paller Amy , Cork Michael , Hong Chih-ho , Soong Weily , Schneider Shannon , Lo Hannah , Pedersen Line Rosendahl Meldgaard , Vacko Emilia , Wollenberg Andreas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction/Background
Tralokinumab, a high-affinity, monoclonal antibody that targets IL-13, is approved in the EU and Canada for adolescents (aged ≥12 years) with inadequately controlled moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), and it does not require laboratory monitoring. The phase 3 ECZTRA 6 (NCT03526861) clinical trial demonstrated efficacy and safety up to 52 weeks in that population.

Objectives
To further characterize the safety profile of tralokinumab by evaluating laboratory parameters of adolescents in the ECZTRA 6 trial.

Methods
ECZTRA 6 subjects received tralokinumab 150mg (n=98), 300mg (n=97) or placebo (n=94) every 2 weeks (Q2W) from week 0–16 after a loading dose at week 0 (twice the subsequent dose), and then randomized to maintenance [original tralokinumab dose either Q2W or every 4 weeks (Q4W) or placebo Q2W] or open-label (tralokinumab 300mg Q2W) until week 52. Laboratory parameters included hematology, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis throughout the trial (weeks 0, 8, 16, 28, and 52).

Results
Overall (n= 289 subjects), laboratory baseline parameters were similar across treatment groups. Mean and median changes of most hematology parameters showed minor fluctuations within the normal ranges through week 52, except for eosinophils. At baseline, elevated mean eosinophil counts (&gt;0.5 109/L) were observed for 40.8% (tralokinumab 150mg), 48.5% (tralokinumab 300mg), and 43.6% (placebo) of subjects in each respective treatment group. Some tralokinumab-treated patients had small transient increases in eosinophils (maximum mean change from baseline 0.2×109/L) before week 16. Continued treatment with tralokinumab or placebo did not correspond with further increase in eosinophil levels over time, and no adverse events of eosinophilia were reported. Mean levels of most biochemistry parameters, including electrolytes, renal and liver function parameters, and lipid panel, were within normal range at baseline, and mean and median changes showed minor fluctuations within normal ranges in all treatment arms. Mean lactate dehydrogenase levels were around or above the upper limit of normal at baseline and decreased to within the normal ranges during the trial across all groups. Overall, no clinically meaningful differences were observed in hematology, biochemistry, or urinalysis parameters between active treatment groups or placebo.

Conclusions
Similar to findings in adult trials, no meaningful changes in laboratory parameters were observed in adolescents through week 52 with tralokinumab treatment. No routine laboratory monitoring is needed for adult or adolescent AD patients treated with tralokinumab.
Liver resection versus radiofrequency ablation or trans-arterial chemoembolization for early-stage (BCLC A) oligo-nodular hepatocellular carcinoma: meta-analysis
Authors: Romano Pierluigi , Busti Marco , Billato Ilaria , D’Amico Francesco , Marchegiani Giovanni , Pelizzaro Filippo , Vitale Alessandro , Cillo Umberto 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The 2022 Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) algorithm does not recommend liver resection (LR) in BCLC A patients with oligo-nodular (two or three nodules ≤3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This sharply contrasts with the therapeutic hierarchy concept, implying a precise treatment order exists within each BCLC stage. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of LR versus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in BCLC A patients.

Methods
A meta-analysis adhering to PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook was performed. All RCT, cohort and case–control studies that compared LR versus RFA or TACE in oligo-nodular BCLC A HCC published between January 2000 and October 2023 were comprehensively searched on PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and China Biology Medicine databases. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) at 3 and 5 years. Risk ratio (RR) was computed as a measure of treatment effect (OS and DFS benefit) to calculate common and random effects estimates for meta-analyses with binary outcome data.

Results
2601 patients from 14 included studies were analysed (LR = 1227, RFA = 686, TACE = 688). There was a significant 3- and 5-year OS benefit of LR over TACE (RR = 0.55, 95% c.i. 0.44 to 0.69, P &lt; 0.001 and RR 0.57, 95% c.i. 0.36 to 0.90, P = 0.030, respectively), while there was no significant 3- and 5-year OS benefit of LR over RFA (RR = 0.78, 95% c.i. 0.37 to 1.62, P = 0.452 and RR 0.74, 95% c.i. 0.50 to 1.09, P = 0.103, respectively). However, a significant 3- and 5-year DFS benefit of LR over RFA was found (RR = 0.70, 95% c.i. 0.54 to 0.93, P = 0.020 and RR 0.82, 95% c.i. 0.72 to 0.95, P = 0.015, respectively). A single study comparing LR and TACE regarding DFS showed a significant superiority of LR. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale quality of studies was high in eight (57%) and moderate in six (43%).

Conclusions
In BCLC A oligo-nodular HCC patients, LR should be preferred to RFA or TACE (therapeutic hierarchy concept). Additional comparative cohort studies are urgently needed to increase the certainty of this evidence.
Bright silicon quantum dot synthesis and LED design: insights into size–ligand–property relationships from slow- and fast-band engineering
Authors: Saitow Ken-ichi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Multicolor, bright silicon quantum dots (SiQDs)—SiQDs with photoluminescence in a range of colors and quantum yields (PLQYs) of &gt;90%—are promising heavy-metal-free light sources for full-color displays, lighting, and biomedical imaging. Colloidal SiQDs can be used to manufacture devices via printing and roll-to-roll processing. Furthermore, the in vivo use of biodegradable SiQDs and Si nanomaterials, for imaging cancer cells and as drug delivery systems, has been demonstrated. However, a large body of research demonstrates that the photoluminescence (PL) wavelength and PLQY of colloidal SiQDs are dependent not only on the SiQD particle size but also on the methods and/or procedures and chemical reagents used to synthesize them. This is because SiQDs are quite sensitive to both the intrinsic properties of Si and external factors. These intrinsic and external factors can be respectively linked to different PL mechanisms: the quantum confinement effect, which produces a slow-decaying “S”-band PL signal, and surface ligand effects, corresponding to fast-decaying “F”-band PL. This review focuses on mechanistic insights into the relationships linking the structures, ligands, and optical properties of SiQDs. Synthesis methods and the application performance of bright multicolor colloidal SiQDs, based on excellent state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical studies, are also reviewed.
The value added of machine learning to causal inference: evidence from revisited studies
Authors: Baiardi Anna , Naghi Andrea A 
Published: February 2024

Summary
A new and rapidly growing econometric literature is making advances in the problem of using machine learning methods for causal inference questions. Yet, the empirical economics literature has not started to fully exploit the strengths of these modern methods. We revisit influential empirical studies with causal machine learning methods aiming to connect the econometric theory on these methods with empirical economics. We focus on the double machine learning, causal forest, and generic machine learning methods, in the context of both average and heterogeneous treatment effects. We illustrate the implementation of these methods in a variety of settings and highlight the relevance and value added relative to traditional methods used in the original studies.
Impact of coronary artery calcium on mortality and cardiovascular events in metabolic syndrome and diabetes among younger adults
Authors: Masrouri Soroush , Shapiro Michael D , Khalili Davood , Hadaegh Farzad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aims
Whether coronary artery calcium (CAC) testing in younger individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) helps predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death independent of traditional risk factors (RFs) remains less clear.

Methods and results
We pooled data obtained from 5174 individuals aged 38–55 years from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults; n = 3047, year 20) and MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; n = 2127, Visit 1) studies who completed computed tomography of CAC. The mean age (SD) of participants (44.7% men) was 47.3 (4.2) years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and all-cause death. There were 1085 participants (21.0%) with prevalent CAC at baseline. A total of 461 (8.9%) had DM, 1025 (19.8%) had MetS without DM, and 3688 (71.3%) had neither condition. Over a median follow-up of 14.2 years, 256 (5.0%) participants died, and 304 (5.9%) CVD and 188 (3.6%) CHD events occurred. The CAC score was independently associated with incident CVD in those with DM (HR: 95% CI; 1.22: 1.08–1.38), MetS (1.18: 1.08–1.31), and neither condition (1.36: 1.26–1.46). The corresponding HRs for CAC ≥ 100 were 2.70 (1.25–5.83), 3.29 (1.87–5.79), and 6.30 (4.02–9.86), respectively. Similar associations for CHD and death were found. The impact of CAC ≥ 100 on CVD and CHD was lower in the presence of DM (P interaction &lt; 0.05). The association of CAC with all outcomes in individuals with DM remained significant after adjusting with haemoglobin A1c levels.

Conclusion
Coronary artery calcium score is independently associated with cardiovascular events and death over nearly 15 years after screening at ages 38–55 years, with a less pronounced impact on CVD and CHD events in the presence of DM.
Automated Motive Scoring and International Crisis Behavior
Authors: Young Michael D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Although implicit motives are well established, coding for implicit motives has been a time-consuming and difficult manual process. This study (i) evaluates automated motive coding schemes for Need for Achievement, Need for Affiliation, and Need for Power, (ii) assesses the relationship between these three motives and crisis initiation, and (iii) assesses the explanatory power of other psychological variables for crisis behavior. The results establish the convergent validity of the Need for Achievement and Need for Power coding schemes with hand coding and support findings of a significant relationship between Need for Power and crisis behavior. A unit increase in Need for Power doubles the probability that a leader will initiate a crisis. Even stronger models were obtained by including other previously studied psychological variables. The scope of the dataset (154 leaders across a diverse set of 93 countries) lends weight to the findings and provides many opportunities for additional research.
A haplotype-resolved chromosome-level assembly and annotation of European hazelnut (C. avellana cv. Jefferson) provides insight into mechanisms of eastern filbert blight resistance
Authors: Talbot Samuel C , Vining Kelly J , Snelling Jacob W , Clevenger Josh , Mehlenbacher Shawn A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an important tree nut crop. Hazelnut production in North America is currently limited in scalability due to Anisogramma anomala, a fungal pathogen that causes Eastern Filbert Blight (EFB) disease in hazelnut. Successful deployment of EFB resistant cultivars has been limited to the state of Oregon, where the breeding program at Oregon State University (OSU) has released cultivars with a dominant allele at a single resistance locus identified by classical breeding, linkage mapping, and molecular markers. C. avellana cultivar “Jefferson” is resistant to the predominant EFB biotype in Oregon and has been selected by the OSU breeding program as a model for hazelnut genetic and genomic research. Here, we present a near complete, haplotype-resolved chromosome-level hazelnut genome assembly for “Jefferson”. This new assembly is a significant improvement over a previously published genome draft. Analysis of genomic regions linked to EFB resistance and self-incompatibility confirmed haplotype splitting and identified new gene candidates that are essential for downstream molecular marker development, thereby facilitating breeding efforts.