bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetry and gender effect in functionally lateralized cortical regions: A proton MRS imaging study
Authors: Nagae‐Poetscher Lidia M. , Bonekamp David , Barker Peter B. , Brant Larry J. , Kaufmann Walter E. , Horská Alena 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeto compare metabolite concentrations and ratios in gray matter regions known for their anatomical/functional asymmetry and evaluate gender effect.Materials and MethodsProton MRS imaging was performed at 1.5 T with TR/TE 2300/280 msec in 20 healthy right‐handed subjects (mean age 29.6 ± 5.3 years, 10 men). Concentrations of N‐acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and creatine (Cr), and the peak area ratios NAA/Cho, NAA/Cr, and Cho/Cr were evaluated in hippocampal and parahippocampal gyri, thalamus, insula, Broca's and Wernicke's areas (and corresponding contralateral areas), primary and secondary visual areas, temporal, inferior parietal, cingulate, supplemental motor, dorsolateral prefrontal, and sensorimotor areas. Linear mixed‐effects regression models were used for statistical analyses.ResultsNAA concentration and NAA/Cho were higher in the left thalamus by 21.9% and 20%, respectively (both P < 0.001). NAA concentration was 13% higher in the region contralateral to Wernicke's area (P < 0.02). No gender differences were found.ConclusionMetabolite concentrations and ratios were symmetric and gender independent in most brain regions, however small hemispheric side differences in the thalamus and in Wernicke's area were found. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:27–33. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Echo planar MR imaging of the liver: Comparison of images with and without motion probing gradients
Authors: Moteki Takao , Sekine Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether MR images with motion‐probing gradients (MPGs) usefully improve lesion detection in comparison with MR images without MPGs.Materials and MethodsEcho planar (EP) images without MPGs and with small and intermediate MPGs (gradient factor b = 2, 18, and 188 second/mm2, respectively) were acquired for 61 hepatic lesions (21 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), 19 metastases, eight hemangiomas, and 13 cysts). The lesion‐to‐liver signal intensity ratios (SIRs) of these lesions were calculated using EP images with and without MPGs. Qualitative analysis for detection of HCCs and metastases were also performed between the images without MPGs and with small MPGs.ResultsThe SIRs of HCCs and metastases for the images with small MPGs were significantly higher than the values for the images without MPGs (P < 0.05), although no significant differences were found in the case of hemangiomas and cysts. In comparison to images without MPGs, images with small MPGs improved lesion detection of three metastases and six HCCs, and worsened lesion detection of two HCCs.ConclusionImages with small MPGs may improve HCC and metastasis detection over images without MPGs. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:82–90. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Size “H” oxygen cylinder: Accidental MR projectile at 1.5 Tesla
Authors: Colletti Patrick M. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe risks of ferromagnetic compressed gas cylinders becoming projectiles in an MR environment are well known (1, 2). The recent death of a child from such an incident reinforces the potential for disaster (3). J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:141–143. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic resonance imaging of periosteum with ultrashort TE pulse sequences
Authors: Reichert Ines L.H. , Benjamin Michael , Gatehouse Peter D. , Chappell Karyn E. , Holmes Joanne , He Taigang , Bydder Graeme M. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeTo assess the values of pulse sequences with ultrashort echo times (0.08 msec) for detecting and characterizing periosteum.Materials and MethodsTwo normal volunteers aged 33 and 58 years and 12 patients aged seven to 55 years were studied. A total of 10 of the patients had contrast enhancement with intravenous Gadodiamide. Two ovine tibias were examined before and after the periosteum was stripped from the bone.ResultsHigh signal regions were observed adjacent to cortical bone in all parts of the skeleton imaged. They were generally more conspicuous after fat suppression and contrast administration. In the ovine tibia there was a reduction in the high signal normally seen at the surface of the bone after periosteal stripping. The detached periosteum produced a high signal. Mean T2* values for adult human periosteum ranged from 5.3 to 11.4 msec. After enhancement the signal intensity increased. In two patients with tibial fractures, increased periosteal signal was seen and this showed marked enhancement. Signals from periosteum could be simulated by fat, contrast‐enhanced blood and artifacts.ConclusionThe periosteum can be visualized with ultrashort echo time pulse sequences in health and disease. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:99–107. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diffusion tensor imaging in the diagnosis of primary lateral sclerosis
Authors: Uluğ Aziz M. , Grünewald Thomas , Lin Michael T. , Kamal Ayeesha K. , Filippi Christopher G. , Zimmerman Robert D. , Beal M. Flint 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the utility of MR diffusion tensor imaging in diagnosing primary lateral sclerosis (PLS).Materials and MethodsFive patients who met clinical criteria for a diagnosis of PLS, and two patients with possible PLS of less than three years duration and eight normal volunteers were studied using MR diffusion tensor imaging.ResultsAll seven patients showed decreased diffusion anisotropy and increased diffusion constant in the PLIC, with complete separation from a normal control group, including patients early in the course of the illness.ConclusionQuantitative diffusion tensor imaging appears to be a useful test to detect upper motor neuron damage and hence to help to establish the diagnosis of PLS. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:34–39. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved spectral selectivity and reduced susceptibility in SSFP using a near zero TE undersampled three‐dimensional PR sequence
Authors: Lu Aiming , Barger Andrew V. , Grist Thomas M. , Block Walter F. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeTo improve the performance of fat/water separation and reduce the sensitivity to susceptibility variation in balanced SSFP sequences.Materials and MethodsDecreasing the repetition time (TR) reduces susceptibility artifacts in SSFP imaging. A shorter TR may also improve the spectral selectivity obtained when linearly combining data acquired using different radiofrequency phase cycling schedules. The desired short TR is achieved by using an angularly undersampled three‐dimensional radial acquisition sequence that achieves a near zero echo time (TE) and also a short TR.ResultsImages from human volunteers demonstrate broad coverage of the cervical spine and knee with isotropic resolution. Excellent fat/water separation is achieved in these studies.ConclusionThe short TR capability of the proposed sequence greatly improves the fat suppression in SSFP imaging. High‐resolution volumetric T2‐like contrast imaged with reduced susceptibility artifacts can be obtained from a single acquisition using this technique. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:117–123. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of anal fistulas with high‐resolution subtraction MR‐fistulography: Comparison with surgical findings
Authors: Schaefer Oliver , Lohrmann Christian , Langer Mathias 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeTo investigate a new MR‐imaging protocol defined as subtraction MR‐fistulography for the detection of fistula‐in‐ano.Materials and MethodsA total of 36 patients (18 men, 18 women) with the clinical diagnosis of anal fistula or abscess who were scheduled for surgical exploration were preoperatively imaged at 1.5 T in the supine position; coronal STIR sequences and axial T1‐weighted three‐dimensional FLASH sequences before and after intravenous injection of gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd‐BOPTA) were obtained. Image subtraction was routinely used. The image findings were compared with the findings at surgical exploration according to a uniform classification system.ResultsA total of 46 fistulas were seen on subtraction MR‐fistulography, whereas surgery described 41 fistulas. MRI and surgery concordantly depicted a total number of 40 fistulas, six fistulas were only described by MRI, and one fistula was only seen during surgery. A total of 27 abscesses were detected with MRI, compared to 22 during surgery. A total of 22 abscesses were concordantly diagnosed. Complete agreement between subtraction MR‐fistulography and surgery occurred in 32 (89%) of the 36 patients. The four patients in whom both procedures disagreed had complex anal sepsis with multiple fistulas and/or abscesses due to Crohn disease.ConclusionHigh‐resolution subtraction MR‐fistulography is an important complement to surgical exploration and especially suitable for investigating complex anal sepsis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:91–98. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective missing pulse steady state free precession (MP‐SSFP): Inner volume and chemical shift selective imaging in a steady state sequence
Authors: Hwang Ken‐Pin , Flask Chris , Lewin Jonathan S. , Duerk Jeffrey L. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeTo examine new sequences that restrict acquisition of spins to those excited by both of the RF pulses in missing pulse steady state free precession (MP‐SSFP) MRI.Materials and MethodsNew MP‐SSFP sequences were created by replacing one of the slice selective pulses (SSPs) with an orthogonal SSP for inner volume imaging, and with a chemical shift selective (CHESS) pulse for chemical shift imaging. The inner volume sequence was applied to a reduced field of view at the center of a resolution phantom; resulting images were evaluated for differences in the aliased signal. The CHESS sequence was applied to volunteers, as well as to and fat, water, and acetic acid phantoms. Results were evaluated with SNR measurements.ResultsThe inner volume sequence eliminated the aliased signal, while nonselected fat and water levels were suppressed to that of noise by the CHESS sequence.ConclusionResults suggest a novel steady state technique for rapid inner volume or chemical shift imaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:124–132. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synovitis and soft tissue impingement of the ankle: Assessment with enhanced three‐dimensional FSPGR MR imaging
Authors: Huh Yong‐Min , Suh Jin‐Suck , Lee Jin‐Woo , Song Ho‐Taek 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPurposeTo assess soft tissue impingement as well as synovitis of the ankle associated with trauma by using contrast‐enhanced (CE), fat‐suppressed, three‐dimensional, fast gradient‐recalled acquisition in the steady state with radiofrequency spoiling (FSPGR) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.Materials and MethodsA total of 36 patients who had had chronic ankle pain associated with a traumatic injury undertook fat‐suppressed CE three‐dimensional FSPGR MR imaging and then arthroscopy of the ankle. The ankle joint was divided into four compartments by anatomic details: the anterolateral gutter, anteromedial gutter, anterior recess, and posterior recess. Synovial enhancement was graded as follows: grade I, no enhancement; grade II, linear enhancement; grade III, focal nodular enhancement; and grade IV, irregular nodular enhancement. MR grading of the synovial enhancement (synovitis, grade III or IV; soft tissue impingement, grade III or IV with its intrusion from the capsular reflection) was compared with arthroscopic findings. A control study of twenty asymptomatic ankles was done for determining enhancement. Arthroscopy confirmed synovitis in 47 compartments of 27 patients. Of the 27 patients, 15 revealed soft tissue impingement in 17 compartments.ResultsFor the assessment of synovitis, fat‐suppressed CE three‐dimensional FSPGR MR imaging had an accuracy of 72.9%, sensitivity of 91.5%, and specificity of 63.9%; whereas for that of soft tissue impingement it had an accuracy of 94.4%, sensitivity of 76.5%, and specificity of 96.9%. All of the asymptomatic subjects showed grade I (81%) or II (19%) synovial enhancement.ConclusionFat‐suppressed CE three‐dimensional FSPGR MR imaging was sensitive for the evaluation of synovitis of the ankle associated with trauma, whereas it was specific for soft tissue impingement evaluation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;19:108–116. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temperature‐frequency characteristics simulation of piezoelectric resonators and their equivalent circuits based on three‐dimensional finite element modelling
Authors: Wakatsuki N. , Kagawa Y. , Suzuki K. , Haba M. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe electromechanical resonators made of piezoelectric crystals such as a quartz crystal are widely used for electronic devices. Their frequency–temperature characteristics are of primary importance for their applications to the frequency control devices. The present paper demonstrates numerical simulation for several types of resonators using 3‐D Finite Element Modelling. The results are compared with the theoretical values whenever they are available. As they are electronic devices, the equivalent circuit representation is often favourable for describing the admittance at the electrical terminals which enables the circuit analysis including the effect of the temperature change by using commercially available circuit simulators. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel approach to propagation prediction in confined and diffracting rough surfaces
Authors: Ndoh Moïse , Delisle Gilles Y. , Le René 
Published: December 2003

AbstractModern wireless systems operating in the millimetre waves bands are now to be used in complex confined media such as mining environment. System designs require that multipath, fading and diffraction effects be accounted for in a suitable model. This paper presents a new propagation prediction method that can be used in mine corridors, buildings, underground roads, galleries with rough surfaces and others complex sub‐surface installations. A method named cascade impedance method (CIM) is used in combination with the segmental statistic method (SSM) in mine tunnels having considerable wall roughness and bending forms. Two (2D)‐ and three (3D)‐dimensional profiles of the radio waves are simulated and compared with available measurements at 2.45 and 18 GHz. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interpreting workplace identities: the role of office décor
Authors: Elsbach Kimberly D. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractUsing qualitative methods, I examine how employees in corporate office environments interpreted a variety of relatively permanent office décor (e.g., furniture, photos, personal mementos) as indicators of their colleagues' workplace identities (i.e., central and enduring categorizations regarding employees' status and distinctiveness in the workplace). Similar to the encoding of behavioral cues of identity, findings suggest that interpretation of physical identity markers begins with either (1) a top‐down process of social categorization, in which specific rules are applied to encoding a few, focal, and visually salient pieces of office decor as evidence of management prototypes, or (2) a bottom‐up process of social categorization, in which a variety of physical artifacts are examined and compared to specific managerial exemplars to develop a complex representation of workplace identity. Findings also suggest that some of the unique attributes of physical identity markers (i.e., their potential to be viewed independently from their displayer, and their relative permanence) may be associated with the focus of each profiling process (i.e., on interpreting status vs. distinctiveness, and consistency vs. change). Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence toward an expanded model of organizational identification
Authors: Kreiner Glen E. , Ashforth Blake E. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractRecent research on organizational identification has called for the consideration of an expanded model of identification, which would include a more thorough treatment of the ways an individual could derive his or her identity from the organization. This paper begins to answer that call by testing operationalizations of the four dimensions of the expanded model: identification, disidentification, ambivalent identification, and neutral identification. Survey results from 330 employed adults support the discriminability of the four dimensions. This exploratory study also begins to establish the criterion‐related validity of the model by examining organizational, job‐related, and individual difference variables associated with the four dimensions of the model, and suggests implications for the expanded model's strong potential for applications in organizational identification research. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The overseas marketing performance of successful small UK high‐technology firms: an exploratory study comparing indigenous and subsidiary firms' competitiveness
Authors: Crick Dave , Chaudhry Shiv , Bradshaw Robert 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
This paper compares the overseas business performance of two groups of technologically oriented successful firms, i.e. UK based subsidiaries and indigenous firms.
Although there were no statistical differences between the two groups' measures of performance and few in terms of the sources of competitiveness, qualitative analysis indicates their strategies were markedly different.
The low rating towards government support suggests that policy advisors involved in trade assistance are recommended to consider ways of supporting technology based firms in modes of market entry outside of the exporting route.
A substantial body of knowledge exists on both the areas of export strategy and competitiveness in small firms, although empirical data has tended to involve findings derived from broad surveys. A gap exists in the literature with respect to the subsidiaries of higher performing technology oriented small firms in comparison to those that are indigenously owned. Statistical analysis of survey data drawn from a questionnaire indicates that limited differences exist between the performance and competitiveness of these firms. However, supplementary in‐depth analysis suggests that the strategies and decision‐making employed by the two groups are markedly different and the findings offer a contribution to knowledge in the international entrepreneurship literature. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategic challenges in the football business: a SPACE analysis
Authors: Cross John , Henderson Steven 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
The football business has been transformed from a tawdry pastime to a major industry that is scrutinized by city analysts and is the subject of important take‐over bids. Yet as Grundy observes in an earlier issue of this journal, there are few serious attempts to examine the industry with strategic rigour.
This paper reports on and analyses data from professional football clubs and uses SPACE analysis to generate strategic positions for individual clubs and a prognosis for the overall industry. This evidence enables Grundy's model of the industry to be contextualized and shows that in most respects, his ideas are supported. The paper also reveals that environmental factors play a significant role in the business success of a club. This identifies the paradox that success on the football field can have a deleterious effect on the strategic future of the club.
The paper also concludes that the structure of the industry would not support reasonable business expectations and suggests that we are observing a corporate hobby rather than modern business activity.
Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Advertising montage: Two theoretical perspectives
Authors: Larsen Val , Wright Newell D. , Hergert Thomas Robert 
Published: December 2003

AbstractBuilding upon structuralist and phenomenological theories, this article explores the effects of video montage—camera cuts in particular—on the appeal and persuasiveness of television advertisements. The article proposes a structuralist method for objectively describing ad form and tests well‐known theories propounding that responses to a stimulus are a function of boredom and confusion. Camera cuts, boredom, and confusion were all found to affect subjects' attitude toward the ad. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plugs versus placements: A comparison of alternatives for within‐program brand exposure
Authors: Roehm Michelle L. , Roehm Harper A. , Boone Derrick S. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractA study is presented that compares two forms of within‐program brand appearances: product placements and celebrity plugs. Evidence suggests that plugs may often have a retention advantage over placements. This advantage is hypothesized to arise from differences in the way plugs and placements are often presented. Specifically, differences in presentation contexts may create differences in how memory for plugs and placements is organized. This, in turn, may allow plugs to receive more frequent rehearsal during subsequent viewing of a show in which a brand has appeared. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An investigation of the power of emotions in relationship realignment: The gift recipient's perspective
Authors: Ruth Julie A. , Brunel Frédéric F. , Otnes Cele C. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThis study investigates the types of emotions that link a broad spectrum of idiosyncratic, gift‐exchange experiences with specific relationship realignment outcomes. Content analysis and analysis‐of‐variance procedures are used to assess the link between emotions and gift recipients' perceptions of relationship quality. The results demonstrate that rather than the overall amount of felt emotions, it is the balance of positive and negative emotions that is associated with specific relationship outcomes. It also appears that coping processes allow individuals to realize an overall neutral or positive outcome for the relationship, even if negative emotions are experienced. Moreover, different patterns of emotions characterize each of five different relational outcomes of the gift‐receipt experience. These results have theoretical and practical implications for gift exchange as well as other emotion‐laden marketing relationships, such as those found in services and personal selling contexts. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Romantic love and sex: Their relationship and impacts on ad attitudes
Authors: Huang Ming‐Hui 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe fact that romantic love in advertising is often subsumed under sexual appeal, and that not all types of romantic love are sexual, has led to an undervaluation of romantic love as an independent ad theme, despite its universality and importance in consumers' lives. This article validates spiritual companionate love and sexual passionate love as two subtypes of romantic love separable from sex. Their impacts on ad attitudes were examined in two studies assuming pleasure and arousal to be the two underlying mechanisms. The two subtypes of romantic love demonstrated ad impacts with distinct paths, with passionate love having a pattern of impact on ad attitudes that is similar to sex, rather than to companionate love. The implications of these findings are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.