bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of tetrabamate and of diazepam on sleep polygraphy during subacute withdrawal in alcohol‐dependent patients
Authors: Aubin Henri‐Jean , Goldenberg Françoise , Benoit Odile , Gillet Claudine , Roullet‐Volmi Marie‐Catherine , Barrucand Dominique 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe have studied the effects of two anxiolytic drugs frequently prescribed in alcohol withdrawal, diazepam and tetrabamate, on sleep polygraphy of alcohol‐dependent patients hospitalized for alcohol detoxification. Twenty‐three inpatients (16 M and 7F) fulfilling the DSM 3R alcohol‐dependence criteria were included. Twelve patients were treated with tetrabamate and the other 11 with diazepam. Sleep polygraphy was carried out on average 15 days after alcohol withdrawal. The sleep of tetrabamate‐treated patients differs from that of diazepam‐treated patients in having a much longer duration of stage 4, at the expense mainly of stage 2. The two groups of patients had a greater total sleep time and duration of delta sleep than comparable untreated patients. These results suggest that the delta sleep deficit of abstinent alcoholics is paradoxically corrected by anxiolytic treatment. Tetrabamate seems to induce the production of delta waves during the sleep of abstinent alcoholics.
Moclobemide and specific serotonin re‐uptake inhibitor combination treatment of resistant anxiety and depressive disorders
Authors: Bakish D. , Hooper C. L. , West D. L. , Miller C. , Blanchard A. , Bashir F. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThis retrospective study was undertaken with the objective of determining how effective and safe moclobemide, a specific and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase‐A (RIMA), is when used in combination with specific serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), in a clinical setting. A thorough chart review was done of all patients with affective and anxiety disorders seen at our centre who received combination treatment with moclobemide and an SSRI. Combination moclobemide‐SSRI treatment demonstrated good efficacy in treating treatment‐resistant patients. The combination treatment was well tolerated with very few drug interactions. Dosages should be started low, titrated slowly and carefully, and patients should be monitored closely.
The effect of mianserin hydrochloride on delirium
Authors: Nakamura Jun , Uchimura Naohisa , Yamada Shigeto , Nakazawa Yoichi , Hashizume Yuji , Nagamori Ken , Sakurai Seishi , Fukuyama Hiroo 
Published: May 2005

AbstractMianserin HCl (10–60 mg/day) was administered orally before bedtime to 46 patients (mean age: 63 years) with delirium at Kurume University Hospital. The therapeutic effects of mianserin were assessed pre‐ and post‐treatment using the Delirium Rating Scale (DRS: Trzepacz et al., 1988). The mean pre‐treatment DRS score was 21. This score decreased significantly (p<0·05) to 14 on treatment day 1 and 10 on day 3. Mianserin was observed to be effective in 85 per cent of the cases (marked improvement in 67 per cent of the patients and slight improvement in 17 per cent). of the 46 patients, 28 were classified with delirium due to direct causes such as a brain tumour or cerebrovascular disease, and 18 due to facilitating factors such as hospitalization or physical restraint. In the former group, marked improvement was observed in 54 per cent of the patients, and slight improvement in 21 per cent. The latter group demonstrated marked improvement in 89 per cent of the patients, and slight improvement in 11 per cent. In control subjects receiving haloperidol, marked improvement was observed in 62 per cent of 17 delirious patients. The plasma concentration of mianserin reached a therapeutic level within 24 h of the initiation of treatment. Hence, based on these clinical results and on measurements of plasma mianserin concentrations, mianserin can be considered effective in the treatment of delirium in elderly patients due to its rapid onset and few side‐effects. Mianserin may offer an efficacy similar to that of haloperidol in the treatment of delirium while being safer.
Enhanced blockade of 45Ca2+ uptake into platelets in manic patients with bipolar affective disorder with flunarazine and verapamil
Authors: Berk Michael , Kirchmann Nicola Helen 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThis study examined bipolar patients in the manic and depressed phases of bipolar disorder and controls, measuring basal radiolabelled 45Ca2+ uptake into platelets, and the effects of verapamil and fluanarazine on uptake. Radiolabelled 45Ca2+ uptake into platelets was measured in the manic (N = 13) and depressed (N = 15) phases of bipolar disorder compared to controls (N = 13) using a β liquid scintillation counter. Both flunarazine (p = 0·0196) and verapamil (p = 0·0486) caused greater inhibition of 45Ca2+ uptake in manics than controls. Flunarazine (p = 0·0209) was also associated with greater inhibition of calcium uptake in manics than depressives. Flunarazine and verapamil enhance the blockade of 45Ca2+ uptake into platelets in manic patients with Bipolar Affective Disorder.
Chronic fluvoxamine treatment reduces platelet MAO activity in medicated chronic schizophrenics
Authors: Silver Henry , Odnopozov Natan , Jahjah Nabil , Barash Igor 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe effect of add‐on fluvoxamine on platelet MAO activity was studied in nine chronic schizophrenic patients on steady antipsychotic treatment. Platelet MAO activity decreased significantly after 5 weeks of treatment and remained depressed. Since fluvoxamine does not inhibit MAO activity in vitro, the findings, which are preliminary, raise the possibility that chronic SSRI treatment may modify MAO production.
Paroxetine increases serum trimipramine concentration. A report of two cases
Authors: Leinonen Esa , Koponen Hannu J. , Lepola Ulla 
Published: May 2005

AbstractParoxetine is a new antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), which has marked inhibiting effect on microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes in human liver. In this case report we describe two patients whose serum trimipramine and desmethyltrimipramine concentrations increased markedly when paroxetine was added to their drug therapy. We suggest that this was due to the inhibitory effect of paroxetine on the CYP 2D6‐mediated metabolism of trimipramine. This interaction may be of clinical importance as both patients had side‐effects, such as sedation and orthostatic hypotension, during the simultaneous administration.
Remoxipride versus thioridazine in the treatment of first episodes of schizophrenia in drug‐naive patients: A case for specific, low potency D2 antagonists
Authors: Lambert T. , Keks N. , McGrath J. , Catts S. , Hustig H. , Vaddadi K. , Burrows G. , Varghese F. , George T. , Kerr K. , Johnson G. , Burnett P. , Zorbas A. , Hill C. , Copolov D. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractRemoxipride, a substituted benzamide, is a selective D2 antagonist with an atypical neuroleptic profile. Previous studies have demonstrated its antipsychotic efficacy against haloperidol and, more recently, thioridazine. of the 144 patients enrolled in the Australian remoxipride–thioridazine comparative trial, 28 presented for their first episode of schizophrenia and/or had no previous neuroleptic treatment. These patients form the subject of this paper.The study found that in persons presenting for their first admission for schizophrenia, remoxipride showed equal antipsychotic efficacy compared to thioridazine. Treatments were comparable in terms of generating few extrapyramidal symptoms but thioridazine caused more significant general side‐effects. Patients are more likely to be compliant with remoxipride due to its tolerability.Despite remoxipride being withdrawn from the market due to a suggested association with aplastic anaemia, this class of substituted benzamides warrants further examination as a treatment agent for first and subsequent episodic psychosis.
A new method for measuring permeability of bio‐impregnated textile grafts
Authors: Kaplan Alexander , Sauvage Lester R. , Kaplan Svetlana , Marcoe Karen F. , Mungin Dorothy , Wu Hong‐De , Walker Mark 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTraditional water permeability evaluation procedures developed for measurement of gross leakage rates of textile prostheses are not adequate for testing the permeability of low‐porosity bio‐impregnated vascular prostheses. Obtaining reliable water permeability data for these low porosity grafts requires a technique that can accurately assess minor water leakage under the applied pressure. This study proposes an automated method for graft permeability assessment which measures the pressure change inside the graft sample as a function of water loss. The new unit of water permeability defines the pressure gradient at the given initial conditions. The proposed method for evaluating the water permeability of bio‐impregnated vascular prostheses provides highly reliable data, is accurate, and excludes human error.
Pore volume distribution of artificial skin by liquid extrusion analysis
Authors: Klein David M. , Tyomkin Ilya , Miller Bernard , Rebenfeld Ludwig 
Published: May 2005

AbstractLiquid extrusion pore volume analysis was used to characterize the pore structure of the collagen‐based artificial skin material developed by Yannas and Burke.1 This technique is based on following the liquid loss from a saturated porous material as the pressure gradient across the material is increased. From the measured increments of volume of liquid drained at successively increasing pressures, each of which corresponds to a given pore radius, one obtains a cumulative pore volume curve as a function of pore radius from which pore volume distributions can be calculated. Using a nonswelling liquid (hexadecane) and a swelling liquid (aqueous surfactant solution), the effects of crosslinking and the method of drying were examined. In hexadecane, the median pore size of the uncrosslinked material is 25 μm, while for the crosslinked material, it is 115 μm. In water, the free volume of the crosslinked material is 36 mm3/mg, while for the uncrosslinked material it is an order of magnitude less. Sublimative drying provides a material with a total free volume of 55 mm3/mg, while evaporative drying collapses the porous structure to give a material with a total free volume of 8 mm3/mg. The liquid extrusion technique is relatively simple and allows pores to be measured in swollen materials in terms of their accessibility to skin cells. This method of pore characterization is considered more relevant for artificial skin than is a purely geometric characterization of pore dimensions.
Biodegradable screw fixation of rabbit tibia proximal osteotomies
Authors: Matsusue Yoshitaka , Yamamuro Takao , Yoshii Satoru , Oka Masanori , Ikada Yoshito , Hyon Suong‐Hyu , Shikinami Yasuo 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate a biodegradable poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) screw for osteosynthesis under a load‐bearing condition. A proximal tibial osteotomy on 25 rabbits was fixed with a biodegradable screw made of PLLA. A follow‐up study was done at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks. In another 25 rabbits, the tibial osteotomy was fixed with stainless steel (SUS) screws of the same size as the PLLA screws with a similar follow‐up period. Radiographic, histological, microradiographic, and oxytetracycline‐labeling studies showed healing of the osteotomy within 4 to 8 weeks. The displacement of frag‐ments and the mass of newly formed bone around the screws were measured by histomorphometric analysis. There was no significant difference in the displacement of the fragments in these two groups and new bone was more abundantly detected in the PLLA group than in the SUS group. Histologically, no inflammatory lesion was detected in either group. All osteotomies united without delay and the displacement was minimal, although no external support was applied and the rabbits were allowed to move freely after the operation. The results of this study suggest a possible use for a PLLA screw in the clinical treatment of human bone fractures.
Mechanical test methodology for environmental exposure testing of biodegradable polymers
Authors: Smutz W. P. , Daniels A. U. , Andriano K. P. , France E. P. , Heller J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA test methodology was developed for exposing degradable polymer test specimens to a simulated chemical and mechanical body environment and then testing them periodically to detect changes in stress–strain behavior. Poly(ortho ester) specimens were exposed to cyclic loading in aerated tris‐buffered saline (pH = 7.4) at 37°C. Specimens were removed at various time periods and the mechanical properties determined. To determine the effects of cyclic loading alone, additional specimens were cycled in air for the same cyclic periods and tested in the same manner. To determine the effects of a constant load on degradation rate, other specimens were subjected to a static load while exposed to trisbuffered saline. Additional specimens were subjected to immersion in tris‐buffered saline without loading.Exposure to tris‐buffered saline alone had a small effect on the rate of change of the mechanical properties of the poly(ortho ester) specimens while cyclic loading in air alone had no effect. However a combination of both exposure to tris‐buffered saline and a static load decreased the flexural yield strength by 29% and the modulus of elasticity by 20% after 40 days, and a combination of both exposure to tris‐buffered saline and cyclic loading decreased both the flexural strength and modulus by 75% after 40 days.
Effectiveness of silane treatment on absorbable microfibers
Authors: Andriano Kirk P. , Daniels A. U. , Heller Jorge 
Published: May 2005

AbstractPreliminary experiments suggest pretreatment of absorbable crystalline, calcium‐sodium‐metaphosphate (CSM) microfibers with trimethoxy‐based silane coupling agents yields a polysiloxane film barrier which protects the fiber surface from early dissolution due to water. Compared to thermoplastic poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) composites reinforced with untreated fibers, PLLA composites reinforced with a variety of silane pretreated microfibers showed increased mechanical properties, suggesting improved adhesion was achieved at the fiber/matrix interface. Unfortunately, the silane pretreated CSM/PLLA composite showed no increase in wet strength retention after short‐term in vitro exposure. This may be due to plasticization from water entering the composite at areas of incomplete fiber wetting by the highly viscous molten PLLA. However, when a nonabsorbable, low viscosity unsaturated polyester thermoset resin was reinforced with methacryloxy‐silane pretreated CSM microfibers, there was no decrease in flexural strength and less than a 10% decrease in flexural modulus after 7 days exposure to 7.4 pH Tris‐buffered saline at 37°C.
Biocompatibility and mechanical properties of a totally absorbable composite material for orthopaedic fixation devices
Authors: Andriano Kirk P. , Daniels A. U. , Heller Jorge 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBioabsorbable polymer/inorganic phosphate fiber composites are prone to rapid degradation due to water sensitivity of the interface between the degradable polymer and the degradable fiber. This article describes successful fabrication and laboratory evaluation of a candidate bioabsorbable composite implant material with mechanical properties similar to bone. The composite studied was poly(ortho ester) reinforced with randomly‐oriented, crystalline microfibers of calcium‐sodium‐metaphosphate. The component materials showed no acute cytotoxicity as determined by tissue culture agar overlay. Treating the microfibers with a diamine‐silane coupling agent improved mechanical properties and slowed degradation in saline, but strength still decreased 50% in 1 week. When the composite material was then coated with a layer of matrix polymer alone it retained 70% of its strength and 70% of its stiffness after 4 weeks exposure to 7.4 pH Tris‐buffered saline at body temperature. The marked improvement with the coating can be attributed to the hydrophobicity of poly(ortho esters).
Fabrication and characterization of an asymmetric polyurethane membrane for use as a wound dressing
Authors: Hinrichs W. L. J. , Lommen E. J. C. M. P. , Wildevuur Ch. R. H. , Feijen J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTo prevent wound dehydration and bacterial penetration, a wound dressing should be occlusive, but on the other hand it should also be permeable for wound exudate to prevent bullae formation. To meet these requirements a new type of polyurethane wound dressing which consists of a microporous top layer (pore size < 0.7 μm) supported by a sublayer with a highly porous sponge‐like structure containing micropores (pore size <10 μm) as well as macropores (pore size: 50–100 μm) was designed. The pores of both layers are interconnected and form a continuous structure in the membrane. Membranes according to this design were prepared either by means of a two‐step or by means of a one‐step casting process. Both fabrication methods are based on phase inversion techniques. Asymmetric polyurethane Biomer® membranes prepared by the two‐step casting process were tested in vivo as full thickness skin substitutes using guinea pigs. Neither wound dehydration nor infections were observed while the drainage capacity of the wound dressing was effective in preventing bullae formation. Furthermore the wound dressing remained firmly adhered to the wound surface during the whole process of wound healing. In contrast to all other commercial wound dressings currently available the polyurethane wound dressing applied on excised clean wounds did not need to be replaced during healing but could be left on the wound until full regeneration of the skin had taken place after which it was spontaneously repelled. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A study of the bioactive bone cement–bone interface: Quantitative and histological evaluation
Authors: Nishimura Naomi , Taguchi Yasushi , Yamamuro Takao , Nakamura Takashi , Kokubo Tadashi , Yoshihara Satoru 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe interface between bone and a bioactive glass cement—a mixture of bioactive glass powder and ammonium phosphate solution, previously reported on by the authors—was evaluated quantitatively and histologically. The materials tested were (1) the original bioactive glass cement (BCI cement); (2) an improved type of bioactive glass cement (BCII cement); (3) polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement; and (4) a bioactive, apatite–wollastonite‐containing, glass ceramic (A‐W·GC). Hardened cylindrical specimens of each cement were inserted loosely into canine femora and the interfacial shear strengths were measured using a push‐out test. The interfacial strength values of the bioactive glass cements increased with prolonged implantation time. At each postimplantation time studied (8, 12, and 24 weeks), the interfacial strength value of BCI cement did not differ significantly from that of A‐W·GC. BCII cement interfacial strength was greater than that of BCI cement, whereas the interfacial strength of PMMA bone cement remained at a very low level throughout the study. Histological examinations revealed that direct bonding of both bioactive glass cements to bone had occurred without pathologic degradation. After 24 weeks, the defects between the bone and the bioactive glass cements had been filled with mature lamellar bone. Because the bioactive glass cement system developed by the authors, especially BCII cement, shows excellent osteoconductivity and bonds to bone tightly, we consider it to be a promising material for fixing prostheses into bone. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of thermal treatment on heating characteristics of NiCu alloy for hyperthermia: Preliminary studies
Authors: Ferguson S. D. , Paulus J. A. , Tucker R. D. , Loening S. A. , Park J. B. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractFerromagnetic NiCu alloy wires were characterized in order to obtain well‐defined thermoseeds for application in interstitial hyperthermia of prostate cancer. Thermoseeds have been produced which possess Curie points in the therapeutic hyperthermia range, approximately 40 to 50 °C. The effect of thermal treatment and composition on the heating characteristics of the thermoseeds were investigated. The preliminary study shows that the recrystallization is crucial for altering thermoseeds' heating characteristics. Obtaining thermoseeds which behave as desired depends on changes in annealing times and temperatures. One may increase the maximum heating temperature (similar to Curie temperature) by increasing the annealing time and cooling time. Decreasing the lower annealing plateau temperature also increases the maximum seed heating temperature. Higher nickel content compositions did not affect rise time but increased the maximum heating temperature. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Handling characteristics of braided suture materials for tight tying
Authors: Tomita Naohide , Tamai Susumu , Morihara Tsutomu , Ikeuchi Ken , Ikada Yoshito 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe establish criteria for characterizing synthetic sutures, the handling characteristics of silk suture were analyzed. The characteristics that distinguish silk suture from other braided suture materials are its good “knot security” and relatively low “tiedown resistance.” Analytic consideration of knot security suggests that not only superficial friction but also resistance force produced by cross‐sectional deformity of braided threads plays an important role in silk's superior performance. Results of a “pullout friction test,” developed to quantitatively evaluate resistance produced by surface friction and cross‐sectional deformity suggest that the superiority of silk thread can be explained in terms of high static withdrawal resistance under low loads and relatively low dynamic withdrawal resistance under high loads. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Diffusion of fibroblast growth factor from a plaster of paris carrier
Authors: Rosenblum S. F. , Frenkel S. , Ricci J. R. , Alexander H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractFibroblast growth factor (FGF) is a polypeptide that has been shown to have a stimulatory effect on osseous tissues in vitro. This study characterized the release of FGF from plaster of Paris (PLP) and measured the dissolution of PLP in various solutions with the aim of developing a reliable carrier system for the release of FGF in vivo. The study consisted of five experiments: (I) FGF diffusion from PLP pellets, (II) FGF diffusion from PLP discs, (III) PLP dissolution in saline, (IV) PLP dissolution in serum, and (V) FGF adsorption by commercially pure titanium. FGF was observed to be released at a rate directly proportional to the rate of dissolution of the PLP carrier, suggesting that either the FGF binds to the PLP; or, alternatively, the FGF may be entrapped by the PLP. Dissolution rate, and thus release rate, could be varied by varying the mass of the carrier. Greater diffusion of FGF was observed in larger, more slowly dissolving PLP carriers. Dissolution of PLP was observed to be slower in serum than in saline, apparently due to stabilization by factors in the serum but not due to a concentration gradient effect. Titanium coupons did not adsorb significant amounts of FGF. These results indicate that PLP, which has been shown in the past neither to FGF. These results indicate that PLP, which has been shown in the past neither to aggravate inflammatory response nor to interfere with bone ingrowth, may serve as delivery vehicle for FGF to osseous tissues in vivo. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.